bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban ozone formation and sensitivities to volatile chemical products, cooking emissions, and NOx across the Los Angeles Basin
Authors: Stockwell Chelsea E. , Coggon Matthew M. , Schwantes Rebecca H. , Harkins Colin , Verreyken Bert , Lyu Congmeng , Zhu Qindan , Xu Lu , Gilman Jessica B. , Lamplugh Aaron , Peischl Jeff , Robinson Michael A. , Veres Patrick R. , Li Meng , Rollins Andrew W. , Zuraski Kristen , Baidar Sunil , Liu Shang , Kuwayama Toshihiro , Brown Steven S. , McDonald Brian C. , Warneke Carsten
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Volatile chemical products (VCPs) and other non-traditional anthropogenic sources, such as cooking, contribute substantially to the volatile organic compound (VOC) budget in urban areas. The impact of these emissions on ozone formation and urban atmospheric chemistry is uncertain. This study employs detailed Lagrangian box modeling and sensitivity analyses to evaluate ozone response to sector-specific VOC and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in the Los Angeles (LA) Basin during the summer of 2021. The model simulated the photochemical processing and transport of temporally and spatially gridded emissions from the FIVE-VCP-NEI17NRT inventory that combines emissions from fossil fuels, VCPs, and other point sources and included updates to cooking emissions based on recent field observations. The model accurately simulates the variability and magnitude of O3 (hourly normalized mean bias = -0.03; R2 = 0.83), NOx, and speciated VOCs measured at a ground site in Pasadena, CA. VOC sensitivity analyses show that anthropogenic VOCs (AVOC) enhance daily maximum 8-hour average ozone in Pasadena by 12 ppb, whereas biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) contribute 8 ppb. Of the ozone influenced by AVOCs, VCPs represent the largest fraction at 44 % while cooking and fossil fuel VOCs are comparable at 28 % each. This study is the first to quantify the contribution of cooking emissions to urban ozone. NOx sensitivity analyses along trajectory paths indicate the photochemical regime of ozone varies spatially and temporally. The modeled ozone response is primarily NOx–saturated across the dense urban core and during peak ozone production in Pasadena, but transitions back to NOx–limited chemistry briefly during late afternoon hours. Lowering the inventory emissions of NOx by 25 % moves Pasadena to NOx–limited chemistry throughout the majority of the day and shrinks the spatial extent of NOx‒saturation towards downtown LA. Further sensitivity analyses in Pasadena show that using VOCs represented by a separate state inventory requires steeper NOx reductions to transition to NOx‒sensitivity, further suggesting that accurately representing VOC reactivity in inventories is critical to determine the effectiveness of future NOx‒reduction policies.
An elucidatory model of oxygen’s partial pressure inside substomatal cavities
Authors: Kowalski Andrew S.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. A parsimonious model based on Dalton’s law reveals substomatal cavities to be dilute in oxygen (O2), despite photosynthetic O2 production. Transpiration elevates the partial pressure of water vapour but counteractively depresses those of dry air’s components – proportionally including O2 – preserving cavity pressurization that is negligible as regards air composition. Suppression of O2 by humidification overwhelms photosynthetic enrichment, reducing the O2 molar fraction inside cool/warm leaves by hundreds/thousands of ppm. This elucidates the mechanisms that realize O2 transport: diffusion cannot account for up-gradient conveyance of O2 from dilute cavities, through stomata to the more aerobic atmosphere. Rather, leaf O2 emissions depend on non-diffusive transport via mass flow in the form of “stomatal jets” forced by cavity pressurization, which is not negligible in the context of driving viscous flow. Jet expulsion overcomes massive inward O2 diffusion to force net O2 emission. At very high leaf temperatures, jets also influence transport of water vapour and carbon dioxide, physically decoupling their exchanges and reducing water-use efficiency, independent of stomatal regulation.
Global patterns of soil organic carbon dynamics in the 20–100 cm soil profile for different ecosystems: A global meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Yin Yulong , Cai Tingyao , Tian Xingshuai , Chen Zhong , He Kai , Wang Zihan , Gong Haiqing , Miao Qi , Wang Yingcheng , Chu Yiyan , Zhang Qingsong , Zhuang Minghao , Cui Zhengling
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Determining the dynamics of organic carbon in subsoil (SOC, depth of 20–100 cm) is important with respect to the global C cycle and warming mitigation. However, there is still a huge knowledge gap in the dynamics of spatiotemporal changes in SOC in this layer. Combining traditional depth functions and machine-learning methods, we achieved soil β values and SOC dynamics at high resolution for global ecosystems (cropland, grassland, and forestland). First, quantified the spatial variability characteristics of soil β values and driving factors by analyzing 1221 soil profiles (0–100 cm) of globally distributed field observations. Then, based on multiple environmental variables and soil profile data, we mapped the grid-level soil β values with machine-learning approaches. Lastly, we evaluated the SOC density spatial distribution in different soil layers to determine the subsoil SOC stocks of various ecosystems. The subsoil SOC density values of cropland, grassland, and forestland were 63.8, 83.3, and 100.4 Mg ha–1, respectively. SOC density decreased with increasing depth, ranging from 5.6 to 30.8 Mg ha–1 for cropland, 7.5 to 40.0 Mg ha–1 for grassland, and 9.6 to 47.0 Mg ha–1 for forestland. The global subsoil SOC stock was 912 Pg C (cropland, grassland, and forestland were 67, 200, and 644 Pg C), in which an average of 54 % resided in the top 0–100 cm of the soil profile. Our results provide information on the vertical distribution and spatial patterns of SOC density at a 10 km resolution for areas of Global ecosystems, which providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system models. The dataset is open-access and available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846543 (Wang et al., 2024).
GSSM: A global seamless soil moisture dataset from 1981 to 2022 matching CCI to SMAP with a novel bias correction method
Authors: Wang Yunjia , Sun Hao , Xu Zhenheng , Gao Jinhua , Xu Huanyu , Zhang Tian , Wu Dan
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Surface soil moisture is vital for Earth's environmental and energy cycles. However, it is still rare to have remote sensing soil moisture data with a long-term temporal extent, a global seamless spatial coverage, and a near-real-time update frequency. Here, we provided a global seamless soil moisture dataset from July 1981 to December 2022, matching CCI with SMAP through a novel soil moisture data bias correction method (fitting beta CDF matching, BCDF), and filling the gaps of corrected soil moisture through XGBoost Algorithms along with various soil moisture covariates. The new soil moisture dataset was abbreviated as GSSM and it has been validated with in situ observations, original CCI and SMAP data, and simulated gap areas. Results demonstrated that 1) the GSSM has similar accuracy with the SMAP and they are both more accurate than the original CCI data as compared with in situ observations at 399 global sites (averaged R=0.72, averaged ubRMSE<0.05); 2) the GSSM has the global spatial coverage, while filling the gaps of original CCI data through various soil moisture covariates (in artificial gaps verification, averaged R>0.86, averaged ubRMSE<0.04); 3) the GSSM has the same temporal variation characteristics with the original CCI dataset, while it can be combined with SMAP to obtain a long-term and near-real-time soil moisture dataset. Thus, GSSM provides long-term and seamless soil moisture data, paving the way for environmental disaster and water cycle process research.
Unravelling the capacity-action gap in flood risk adaptation
Authors: Schubert Annika , von Streit Anne , Garschagen Matthias
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Against the backdrop of increasing climate risks, strengthening the adaptive capacity of citizens is crucial. Yet, the usefulness of the concept of adaptive capacity is currently limited for science and policy, as it is neither clear what exactly constitutes adaptive capacity nor whether capacity translates into adaptation action. Drawing on survey data from 1,571 households in Southern Germany collected in 2022, we use regression analysis to examine the relationship between adaptive capacity indicators and the implementation of pluvial flood risk adaptation measures. Our results confirm a capacity-action gap, as high levels of adaptive capacity do not necessarily translate into household adaptation action. Widely used generic capacity indicators such as income and education are less important for adaptation decisions while specific capacity indicators, such as risk perception, damage experience and motivation, lead to action. We found initial evidence of a nonlinear effect: while a certain stock of financial and human capital is required, additional capital gains do not translate into additional adaptation action. Thus, enhancing the specific capacity of households should be a priority, as generic assets alone will not suffice to cope with climate risk.
Assessment of flood risk in a coastal city considering multiple socio-economic vulnerability scenarios
Authors: Ghosh Mousumi , Ghosh Subimal , Karmakar Subhankar
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stresses the importance of vulnerability and exposure along with hazard in defining flood risk. Therefore, a novel approach for flood risk quantification is proposed that evaluates the impact of various realistic socio-economic scenarios on risk reduction. The flood hazard is derived from a hydrodynamic flood modelling framework over Mumbai, India's highly flood-prone coastal megacity. The socio-economic vulnerability is assessed by a multivariate approach based on principal component analysis and data envelopment analysis. Finally, the flood risk is quantified and mapped by aggregating hazard and vulnerability for different socio-economic scenarios, also key indicators contributing to a significant reduction in vulnerability and risk are identified. This non-structural long-term flood risk management approach will benefit densely populated urban areas, especially in developing, and underdeveloped countries.
PENITENTIARY SYSTEM: IS THE STAFF SOLVE ALL THE PROBLEMS?
Authors: БАГРЕЕВА Е.Г.
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируются ситуация в мире с рецидивом преступлений и возможности пенитенци- арных систем по уменьшению этих показателей.

The article analyzes the situation in the world with the recurrence of crimes and the possibilities of penitentiary systems to reduce these indicators.
STATE CONTROL DURING ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS
Authors: ФОМИН А.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье исследуются контрольные полномочия судебного пристава-исполнителя, другие виды государственного контроля при проведении исполнительного производства.

The article examines the control powers of the bailiff and other types of state control during enforcement proceedings.
IMPROVEMENT OF CRIMINAL LEGAL MECHANISMS TO COUNTER CRIMES AGAINST SEXUAL INVIOLABILITY
Authors: НИФТАЛИЕВА И.А.
Published: July 2024

Безусловным национальным приоритетом сегодня является обеспечение прав и законных ин- тересов несовершеннолетних как наиболее уязвимой части населения, нуждающейся в особой государствен- ной защите. Автор статьи акцентирует внимание на необходимости создания новых и усиления имеющихся уголовно-правовых механизмов, направленных на обеспечение охраны детей и подростков от преступлений против половой неприкосновенности.

The unconditional national priority today is to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of minors as the most vulnerable part of the population in need of special state protection. The author of the article emphasizes the need to create new and strengthen existing criminal legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring the protection of children and adolescents from crimes against sexual inviolability.
“En búsqueda de su felicidad”: Construcción y manifestación de expectativas educativas familiares
Authors: Arboix Caldentey Paula
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los procesos de construcción de expectativas familiares y sus formas de manifestación en perfiles educativos dispares, así como su papel en la reproducción de las desigualdades sociales. MÉTODO: Se realizaron 7 entrevistas semiestructuradas a madres y padres, con y sin estudios superiores, que tuvieran hijos/as en 3º o 4º de la ESO con el objetivo de abordar la dimensión simbólica y subjetiva de las propias expectativas. RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos muestran cómo la formación de las expectativas tiene una significativa vinculación con las trayectorias y experiencias educativas previas de las personas entrevistadas, así como la caracterización de sus hijos/as (mediada por las impresiones del profesorado) y las oportunidades y recursos disponibles percibidos. La manifestación práctica de las expectativas se basó en una integración de la escuela en el hogar y viceversa, y ha sido esencial para lograr una consonancia escuela-familia en aquellos perfiles de educación superior. La manifestación discursiva fue indirecta y menos necesaria en este perfil, dado que los hijos/as asumieron de forma natural la aspiración de la trayectoria universitaria, mientras que los perfiles de educación secundaria requirieron de estrategias más explícitas para gestionar dichas trayectorias. DISCUSIÓN: El habitus y los distintos capitales (especialmente el cultural) son elementos esenciales en la constitución y transmisión de expectativas familiares, que se han mostrado decisivas en la reproducción de desigualdades sociales dentro del ámbito educativo.
Las chullpas como elementos simbólicos de la época inca en Kelluyo, Puno
Authors: Delgado González Carlos , Socualaya Dávila Carlo , Pérez Fernández Lisseth , Quispe Huallpa Biviano
Published: July 2024

A mediados del siglo XV, Pachacutec incorpora al Tahuantinsuyo el altiplano peruano y boliviano con el objetivo de tomar las principales economías pastoriles como los collas y lupacas. Como parte de esta política del estado cusqueño, en el sector de Kelluyo–Huacullani incorporaron las chullpas cuadrangulares y circulares como un mensaje visual y simbólico de la presencia del nuevo Estado en áreas cercanas y colindantes a los asentamientos del período Intermedio Tardío. Una prospección sistemática realizada el año 2017 proporcionó información del patrón de asentamiento lupaca y cómo las chullpas incas se distribuyen en este territorio.
Yvyrupa, la Tierra: memoria viva y movimientos guaraníes
Authors: Ramo Affonso Ana María
Published: July 2024

Este artículo parte del propósito de ampliar las perspectivas sobre el espacio/territorio amerindio a partir de reflexiones y narrativas guaraníes sobre Yvyrupa, la Tierra o plataforma terrestre. La idea de memoria viva aparece como crucial para adentrar las formas de habitar y ser habitados de los pueblos indígenas amerindios y expresa la posibilidad de componer paisajes y transitar entre mundos. Entendiendo que los paisajes son efectos de las reparticiones entre lo visible y lo invisible, encontramos entre los guaraníes ricas elaboraciones sobre los efectos sociales de ver y no ver, de aparecer y de ser o no visto. Por fin, intentamos extraer algunas reflexiones sobre los desafíos puestos a una práctica antropológica que se pretenda política, es decir, que asuma su papel en cuanto a las formas de aparición (y de desaparición) de los pueblos indígenas y sus mundos, como prerrogativa para poder habitar mundos en común.
Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pus wound isolate using a polymerase chain reaction targeting 16S rRNA and gyrB genes: A case from Indonesia
Authors: Jamaluddin Indra P. , Musa Susan H. , Ethica Stalis N. , Ansori Arif NM. , Yosephi Valensa , Atmaja Peter Y. , Murtadlo Ahmad AA. , Sahadewa Sukma , Durry Fara D. , Rebezov Maksim , Derkho Marina , Naw Sin W. , Zainul Rahadian , Rachmawati Kadek
Published: July 2024

Infectious wounds on the skin surface are easily colonized by bacteria from pyogenic group that manifest as inflammation, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium and an opportunistic pathogen known for causing invasive state in critically ill and immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to detect the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes in P. aeruginosa using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The sample in this study was pus isolate from a 5-year-old boy with leg wounds. The bacteria were isolated on brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) media and identified with molecular identification. Sequencing and BLAST analysis were carried out to determine the similarity of gene identity by comparing sample sequence with other isolate sequences on the Gene Bank. The results of molecular identification showed amplification DNA band of around 934 base pairs (bp) for 16S rRNA and 225 bp for gyrB gene. The BLAST program demonstrated that the sample had 99.89% similarity with P. aeruginosa strain XC4 (accession code ON795960.1) for the 16S rRNA gene. Meanwhile, the gyrB gene exhibited 99.10% similarity with the P. aeruginosa strain PSA-1.2 (accession code KP172300.1).
Investigation of Heavy Metal Composition and Associated Health Risks from Selected Groundwater Wells in Temeke, Dar-es-Salaam
Authors: Jeremiah Justin Mugisa , Mikongoti Stella B. , Kaungaa Damson L.
Published: July 2024

Water quality continues to be the challenge to residents in Dar es Salaam due to various anthropogenic activities in the city. This study was conducted to assess groundwater quality by determining concentrations of heavy metals. Both probability and Nonprobability sampling techniques were used to collect samples from 40 groundwater wells in 24 wards of Temeke municipal and analysed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (Agilent 4210 MP-AES) at the Geochemistry Laboratory of the University of Dar es Salaam. Results indicated varying heavy metal concentrations ranging from 0.71 ± 0.08 to 6.64 ± 0.21 mg/l for As, 0.02 ± 0.01 to 0.07 ± 0.01 mg/l for Co and 0.16 ± 0.01 to 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/l for Pb. The As, Co and Pb concentrations exceeded (P < 0.05) the recommended TBS standards of 0.05 mg/l, 0.003 mg/l and 0.01 mg/l respectively. Other concentrations ranged from 0.01 ± 0.01 to 0.88 ± 0.01 mg/l for Cu, 0.02 ± 0.01 to 3.55 ± 0.02 mg/l for Fe, 0.00 ± 0.00 to 4.63 ± 0.03 mg/l for Mn and 0.01 ± 0.01 to 3.00 ± 0.01 mg/l for Zn. The Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations were below (P > 0.05) the allowable TBS limits of 0.05 mg/l, 0.3 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l and 3 mg/l respectively. Health risk analysis revealed potential adverse health effects from long term consumption of As, Mn and Pb with Hazard Quotient exceeding 1 (HQ > 1). The Hazard Index (HI) for all groundwater samples was also above 1 (HI > 1) indicating a higher likelihood of adverse health effects. The study concluded that groundwater wells in Temeke Municipal are affected through natural and anthropogenic activities leading to high levels of heavy metal concentrations. Also, this study provides valuable information on risk associated by continued usage of groundwater in Temeke region and hence informs respective stakeholders on groundwater quality and potential risks thereby emphasizing the need for remedial measures and stricter regulations to safeguard public health. The study recommends the need for regular groundwater quality and safety monitoring to assess the levels of heavy metals concentrations and implement sustainable groundwater management strategies to address the increasing water demand in Temeke municipal, Dar es Salaam.
Machine learning molecular dynamics simulations of liquid methanol
Authors: Qian Jie , Xia Junfan , Jiang Bin ,   Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: July 2024

As the simplest hydrogen-bonded alcohol, liquid methanol has attracted intensive experimental and theoretical interest. However, theoretical investigations on this system have primarily relied on empirical intermolecular force fields or ab initio molecular dynamics with semilocal density functionals. Inspired by recent studies on bulk water using increasingly accurate machine learning force fields, we report a new machine learning force field for liquid methanol with a hybrid functional revPBE0 plus dispersion correction. Molecular dynamics simulations on this machine learning force field are orders of magnitude faster than ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, yielding the radial distribution functions, self-diffusion coefficients, and hydrogen bond network properties with very small statistical errors. The resulting structural and dynamical properties are compared well with the experimental data, demonstrating the superior accuracy of this machine learning force field. This work represents a successful step toward a first-principles description of this benchmark system and showcases the general applicability of the machine learning force field in studying liquid systems.
The Effectiveness of the Use of Collapse Therapy Methods and Bronchoblocation in the Complex Treatment of a Patient with Multidrug Resistance Pathogen: Clinical Observation
Authors: Chumovatov N. V. , Komissarova O. G. , Chernyh N. A. , Romanov V. V.
Published: July 2024

Currently, according to the World Health Organization, the targets for the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis do not achieve their goals. In this regard, it is urgent to search for optimal integrated approaches in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

The aim of the work is to demonstrate the high effectiveness of the use of methods of collapse therapy and CBB in the complex treatment of a patient with a widespread tuberculosis process.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the patient’s medical documentation was carried out, the data of the anamnesis of the disease, the analysis of the X-ray archive, the data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations were studied.

Results. Multidrug resistance (MDR) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) was established on the 1st day of hospitalization. Comprehensive treatment was carried out in full: chemotherapy according to the MDR-tuberculosis regimen, pneumoperitoneum for 8 months, CBB for 6 months.

Discussion. The presented clinical example demonstrates that against the background of a significant decrease in immunity due to the severe course of viral pneumonia, previously undetected pulmonary tuberculosis has taken a progressive course. Due to the use of complex treatment in a patient with a widespread tuberculosis process, clinical improvement was achieved, the closure of massive decay cavities in lung tissue and resorption of focal infiltrative changes was radiologically achieved.

Conclusion. A clinical example demonstrates the high effectiveness and safety of the use of collapse therapy methods in the complex treatment.
Sleep Disturbance as a Predictor of Accelerated Human Aging
Authors: Gorodnicheva A. V. , Kovtun O. P. , Brodovskaya T. O.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. One of the main predictors of aging is sleep disturbance, the study of the role of which in the development of the accelerated aging process is recognized as an urgent problem for the medical community.

The aim of the work is to analyze modern data on age-related aspects of sleep status and describe known markers of early aging associated with somnological disorders.

Materials and methods. The search and selection of literary sources was carried out in the databases PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar. Search depth — 17 years, from 2007 to 2024. The total number of publications included in the review was 80.

Results and discussion. Aging refers to a general pathological process that affects all human physiological systems. Differences between the terms biological and chronobiological age are established. The role of somnological disorders in the accelerated aging process has been determined. It has been established that as age increases, changes in the electrophysiological pattern of sleep are observed. It was found that changes in biological markers of aging are positively correlated with sleep disturbance. The importance of neuroimaging methods in determining the accelerated rate of aging in people with sleep disorders is shown.

Conclusion. Sleep disturbance is defined as a significant indicator of accelerated aging of the body. Further research into changes in the structure and quality of sleep may change the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of aging and contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field of anti-aging medicine.
The Influence of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on the Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania
Authors: Kobesov N. V. , Sinitsin M. V. , Zagdyn Z. M. , Pagieva M. K.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Prioritization of measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of TB control activities.

The aim of study to assess the indicators of detection, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and compare them with those at the all-Russian level.

Materials and methods. A preliminary collection of statistical information in Russian and several foreign sources closest to the topic was carried out on the PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, CyberLeninka and eLibrary platforms. An analysis of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in North Ossetia for 2020–2021 was performed. according to annual reporting forms and reports from epidemiological monitoring systems for tuberculosis.

Results. The detection rate of tuberculosis has decreased during the pandemic. The indicator in North Ossetia was higher than the national level. Clinical and diagnostic indicators for tuberculosis in the republic in 2020 were lower compared to those for 2021 for the study of sputum, decay phase, and bacterial excretion. The proportion of successful tuberculosis chemotherapy in the republic was higher than in a number of regions of the Russia.

Discussion. There was a decrease in registered and, obviously, accumulation of latent cases of tuberculosis during the COVID 19 2020 pandemic due to a drop in preventive coverage of the population in the Russia. A worsening of the clinical structure of tuberculosis in 2021 in Republic of North Ossetia and an increase in the proportion of patients with destruction of lung tissue and the fibrous-cavernous type of disease in the Russia are revealed, possibly due to untimely detection of tuberculosis.

Conclusion. Low activity of primary health care organizations regarding tuberculosis was revealed. Restrictions to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen contributed to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of anti-tuberculosis measures. The COVID-19 pandemic clearly affected the rates of primary diagnosis of tuberculosis in 2020, and in 2021 a significant increase was noted.
Pro‑coagulant Considerations in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Multifocal Atherosclerosis
Authors: Vedenskaya S. S. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Grachev V. G. , Klyachina E. S. , Shirobokova K. V.
Published: July 2024

The aim of the work to determine the features of hemostasis and blood rheology in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) and multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA).

Materials and methods. The study enrolled male and female patients aged from 40 to 70 years, including 59 patients with controlled stage I–II hypertension and multifocal vascular lesions (Group 1) and 42 patients with controlled stage III hypertension, who have suffered an ischemic stroke and have multifocal vascular lesions (Group 2). A test using the Thrombodynamics analyser system T-2 (GemaKor, LLC, Moscow, Russia) was performed to detect the impairment of hemostasis.

Results. Patients with HTN and MFA have an impaired coagulation hemostasis system (an increase in the initial and stationary clot growth rate and the size of the clot, as well as the presence of spontaneous clots), which leads to a high residual risk of cerebral complications, despite BP lowering to target figures and control of lipid profile.

Discussion. Elevated blood pressure in patients with MFA leads to endothelial dysfunction, which is accompanied by activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis pathways. These changes lead to a violation of microcirculatory hemostasis in the brain, the development and progression of cerebral ischemia, and subsequently the occurrence of stroke, both the first and repeated.

Conclusion. An important result of this study is the first registered change in the coagulation link of hemostasis in patients with HTN and MFA aged from 40 to 70 years, which can be considered an additional criterion for stroke prediction.
Mixed Saliva Chemical Parameters Changes in Age‑Related Oral Diseases
Authors: Kopenkin M. A. , Polushina L. G. , Sementsova E. A. , Mandra Yu. V. , Bazarnyi V. V.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The prevalence of oral cavity age-related diseases, such as chronic periodontitis (CP) and oral lichen planus (OLP) increases in the elderly and senile age people. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the biochemical parameters of mixed saliva in age-related oral diseases and evaluate impact of correction by total protein concentration.

Materials and methods. The study included 86 elderly people from 60 to 74 years. They were divided into following groups: excessive attrition of teeth patients (n = 16); moderate CP patients (n = 22); OLP patients (n = 28); healthy peoples (n = 20). Reagent strips Siemens Multistix 10 SG (USA), analyzer Siemens Clinitek Status+ (USA), chemistry analyzer Mindray BS-240Pro (China) were used. In total, 16 biochemical markers and 4 calculated indices were determined. Saliva results were expressed without any correction, and corrected by total protein concentration.

Results. It was found that OLP patients differed by a higher specific gravity and an increased level of total protein and calcium from the control group. CP patients had a higher level of c-reactive protein in compared to the healthy peoples. There were no differences between groups after correction.

Discussion. The data corresponded to literature sources describing mixed saliva changes in age-related oral diseases. However, correction methods practically were not used in the considered works.

Conclusion. Mixed saliva chemical markers changed in age-related oral diseases. It is necessary to find the optimal correction method because dilution and viscosity can significantly affect mixed saliva research results.
Ophthalmological Disorders and Laboratory and Clinical Indicators in Women with Hypertensive Pregnancy Complications
Authors: Barinov S. V. , Matnenko T. Yu. , Chulovsky Yu. I. , Kovaleva Yu. A. , Voronkova M. A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, despite many epidemiological studies, scientific developments, and the improvement of laboratory and instrumental techniques for searching for predictors of preeclampsia, are a serious problem of perinatal obstetrics. One of these areas may be an in-depth ophthalmological examination.

The aim of the work is to perform an analysis of ophthalmological disorders and laboratory, clinical parameters in women with hypertensive complications of pregnancy.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 573 cases of hypertensive pregnancy complications was performed. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 50 years. All patients received a standard general clinical and obstetric examination, examined by an ophthalmologist. A correlation analysis of some laboratory and clinical signs of arterial hypertension (AH) and preeclampsia (PE), including ophthalmological signs of PE, was carried out. Results: PE was accompanied by retinal angiopathy in 67 % of cases. In 9 cases (1.86 %), peripapillary edema was detected in PE. In the presence of peripapillary edema, earlier delivery dates and a lower Apgar score were observed in the newborn. Macular edema was registered in 3 cases (0.62 %) against the background of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion. Comparative analysis has shown the presence of correlations between signs of hypertensive complications of pregnancy and changes in the organ of vision. The expansion of ophthalmological research may provide new markers-indicators for the differential diagnosis of hypertensive complications of pregnancy, assessment of the severity of the condition, dynamic monitoring and choice of management tactics for patients with hypertensive complications of pregnancy.
Linking the role of e-commerce and financial literacy on MSME's sustainability performance during the digital era
Authors: Wahyundaru Sri Dewi , Putra Windhu , Wibowo Mukti , Ivada Elvia , Nurastuti Preatmi , Sasongko Cornelius Damar , Choiri Moh. Miftachul , Yuzaria Dwi
Published: July 2024

In recent years, E-Commerce has experienced a very significant increase. E-commerce provides a broad overview of technology, processes and practices that can be carried out without using paper as a means of transactions. E-commerce can be a solution to the paper waste problem which is an environmental issue that can lead to social problems. Thus, e-commerce has a vital role in achieving business sustainability performance. E-commerce has had a big influence on the social and economic growth of today's society. Business management's ability to manage financial information is an important indicator in influencing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSME's) business performance. Good managements’ financial literacy equips MSMEs with knowledge and skill empowering MSMEs to make informed financial decisions, manage resources effectively and promote sustainable development. This research aims to analyze the relationship between E-Commerce and the sustainability performance of MSMEs and analyze the relationship between financial literacy and its positive and significant relationship with the sustainability performance of MSMEs. The research method uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The population in this research are MSMEs managers in Indonesia who have comprehensive knowledge regarding the operations and performance of MSMEs. In this study, researchers used a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 478 MSME managers. Data analysis in this research uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) technique which is an alternative method based on the variance of the variables used. The stages of data analysis are validity testing, reliability testing and hypothesis testing. The independent variables in this research are e-commerce and financial literacy, while the dependent variable is MSME sustainability performance. The results of this research show that e-commerce has a positive and significant relationship with MSME sustainability performance and financial literacy has a positive and significant relationship to MSME sustainability performance. In addition, e-commerce has a significant influence on the sustainability performance of MSMEs because the presence of e-commerce is one of the marketing alternatives used to reach more vendors and customers which can change the supply chain leads to social problem solution such as food distribution. Further, e-commerce may minimize traveling long distances for shopping resulting to the carbon footprint reduction. MSMEs have the same opportunity to use e-commerce as an alternative to maximize performance. However, not all MSMEs have the capability to use and utilize e-commerce optimally. After all, knowing good financial management will make it easier to make sustainable decisions since the higher the level of financial literacy, the MSME players can optimize their sustainability performance.
Identifying variables influencing the adoption of artificial intelligence big data analytics among SMEs in Jordan
Authors: Mathani Belal , Ajrash Hamid Safyyih , Dalaeen Ahmad Barakat Dalaee , Alshboul Khaled Yousef , Almahameed Hazem , Alibraheem Mohammad Haider , Khalifeh Amin , Alzoubi Mohammad Issa , Ahmad Ahmad Y. A. Bani
Published: July 2024

The research investigates the link between technology, organization, and environment, and the uptake of artificial intelligence among SMEs in Jordan. The objective is to get a deeper understanding of the factors that promote or hinder enterprises' use of artificial intelligence during the recruitment of leaders. A total of 295 participants, who were owners or managers in several SME sectors, manufacturing, including services, construction, and agriculture, were selected via judgmental sampling. Data collection was conducted utilizing a survey instrument, and the collected data was processed employing Smart PLS. The findings demonstrated a substantial correlation between attitude toward artificial intelligence uptake and factors such as relative advantage, complexity, top management commitment, and organizational preparedness. Nevertheless, factors like competitive pressure, external assistance, a favorable regulatory environment, compatibility, and staff flexibility do not significantly influence the attitude toward the uptake of artificial intelligence. In summary, these findings provide valuable insights for decision-making and resource distribution. They underscore the significance of factors such as relative advantage, complexity, top management commitment, and organizational readiness in achieving goals in the field of artificial intelligence. Additionally, they identify areas where efforts may not result in significant effects. The practical ramifications and future study paths are emphasized according to current technological needs.
Evaluation of factors associated with the adoption of ICT in education using machine learning
Authors: Alberto Holgado-Apaza Luis , Nataly Aragon-Navarrete Ruth , Román Dioses-Córdova Ronald , Raidith Riva-Ruiz , Pierre Vidaurre-Rojas , Miguel Valles-Coral , David Castellon-Apaza Danger , Marleny Quispe-Layme
Published: July 2024

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) affect all aspects of our daily lives. Using them is considered a symbol of modernization and social advancement. The global expansion and interconnection of ICT offers a significant opportunity to promote the advancement of humanity, bridge the digital gap and promote the growth of societies built on knowledge. In this study, we analyzed and identified the most influential factors in the adoption of ICT in education from the data set called “Final Survey-Digital Inclusion Teachers” of the Plurinational State of Bolivia, which consists of 871 instances and 189 columns. We performed feature selection by carefully combining the results of three feature selection methods: filter (chi-square, ANO-VA and mutual information), wrapper (RFE) and intrinsic (Classification And Regression Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting and XGBoost). The results demonstrated that a teacher's motivation for curricular planning that includes ICT, teaching experience and the institutional environment are key factors in the adoption of these technologies in education. Furthermore, we identified that the Random Forest algorithm is the most appropriate for analyzing and predicting the adoption of ICT in education, we affirmed this after this algorithm obtained the highest values in four of the six metrics evaluated: a sensitivity of 77.7%, an F1 Score of 77.9%, a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 60.8% and a Jaccard Score of 64.3%. These results suggest that Random Forest is the most effective algorithm to analyze the factors related to the adoption of ICT in educational environments.
The impact of data recovery criteria, data backup schedule and data backup prosses on the efficiency of data recovery management in data centers
Authors: Alrashdan Maen T. , Wahed Mutaz Abdel , Aljarrah Emran , Tubishat Mohammad , Alzaqebah Malek , Aljawarneh Nader
Published: July 2024

A large-scale cloud data center must have a low failure incidence rate and great service dependability and availability. However, due to several issues, such as hardware and software malfunctions that regularly cause task and job failure, large-scale cloud data centers still have high failure rates. These mistakes can have a substantial impact on cloud service dependability and need a large resource allocation to recover from failures. Therefore, it is important to have an efficient management of data recovery to protect organizations data from loss. This paper aims to study some factors that may improve the management of data recovery by using quantitative research design as a methodology. The results of hypothesis testing give strong evidence supporting the positive and significant correlations between the proposed hypotheses and the efficiency of data management recovery. This study finds that the presence of a data center in an organization demands the development of a solid plan for the most effective usage of a software program to handle data recovery.
Perceived overload in social networking sites affect the users’ passive usage intention: A cognition-affect-conation approach
Authors: Tian Yang , Chan Tak Jie , Ng Miew Luan , Liu Huan Na
Published: July 2024

Social Networking Sites (SNS) play an important role in human psychological well-being. This research explores the effects of perceived overload on the passive usage intention of SNS among Malaysian users through SNS fatigue and anxiety by employing a Cognition-Affect-Conation (C-A-C) model. Cross-sectional survey research was carried out and the research acquired responses from 383 SNS users. Data was analyzed through PLS-SEM. The outcomes noted that perceived cognitive overload, perceived information overload, SNS fatigue, and anxiety are positive antecedents of SNS passive usage intention. The research brings valuable insights into the formation of passive usage intention of SNS and provides implications for service providers and users.
Factor affecting internet information credibility: The moderating effect of gender
Authors: Alshurideh Muhammad , Kurdi Barween Al , Okleh Issam , Chatra Khireddine , Omari Thabet Ghazi Bader Al , Alzoubi Haitham M. , Alzboun Nidal , Ahmed Gouher , Abduljabbar Omer Jawad
Published: July 2024

This study provides an analytical view of the correlation between several factors that influence the credibility of information available through various sources on the Internet. The most critical factors include information quality, source credibility, argument strength, message credibility, and average credibility. Additionally, the study explores the impact of gender and years of experience as demographic variables on the nature and size of these relationships. The study relied on a critical review of previous related literature. In addition, it adopted an analytical approach using a sample of 300 Internet users through a questionnaire designed based on the study hypotheses. Most of these relationships were found to be at an average level, except for the relationship between source credibility and information credibility. No statistical indicators were observed. Consequently, the researchers acknowledge the need for caution when generalizing these results to society. The study also found that the gender of the recipient and the number of years of experience did not necessarily play a mediating role in the relationship between the tested factors and the credibility of information received via the Internet.
Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Deprem Sonrası Yangınlar
Authors: Yıldız Zehra
Published: July 2024

Deprem sonrası yangınlar, ikincil afetlerden biri olup depremin verdiği hasarı artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de depremden sonra yaşanan yangınlar ile bu yangınların sebepleri ve deprem sonrası yangınları önlemek için alınması gereken yangın güvenlik önlemleri incelenmiştir. Deprem sırasında yer sarsıntısı sebebiyle gaz borularının kırılması, elektrik hatlarının zarar görmesi veya kısa devreler olması, ısı kaynaklarının devrilmesi ve kimyasalların dökülmesi ile ekzotermik tepkimelerin olması gibi sebeplerden dolayı deprem sonrası yangınlar çıkabilmektedir. Su şebekesinin hasar görmesi, iletişim hatlarının kesilmesi, yangına müdahale edecek ekibin depremzede olması, enkazın yolları kapatması, yolların bozulması ve şehirden kaçmaya çalışanlarca trafiğin aksaması yüzünden yangına geç müdahale edilmesi sebebiyle yangınlar yayılmakta; bu da can ve mal kaybını artırmaktadır. Ayrıca aktif yangın güvenlik önlemleri ve pasif yangın güvenlik önlemlerinin sismik tasarıma göre yapılmaması, depremden sonra bu sistemlerin devreye girip yangına müdahale edilmesine imkân vermemektedir. Deprem sonrası yangınların sebep olacağı zararlar koordineli planlama, hasar azaltma uygulamaları ve sismik tasarım ile engellenebilir ya da en aza indirilebilir.
Tổng quan hệ thống về phát triển chương trình đào tạo năng lực thông tin phục vụ nghiên cứu khoa học cho sinh viên
Authors: Phan Trường Nhất
Published: July 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện bằng phương pháp tổng quan hệ thống dựa trên dữ liệu các bài báo khoa học trong giai đoạn 2019 đến 29/8/2023. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã nêu lên các khía cạnh về phát triển chương trình đào tạo năng lực thông tin ở các cơ sở giáo dục đại học trên thế giới hiện nay bao gồm: nội dung đào tạo, hình thức đào tạo, phương pháp đào tạo, nhân sự đào tạo, quy mô đào tạo và phương pháp kiểm tra, đánh giá
Case report: Recurrent brain metastasis of an extremely rare benign tumor of the lung: PEComa
Authors: Erdogdu Eren ,   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Published: July 2024

PEComa of the lung is a extremely rare benign tumor which originates from the perivascular epithelioid cells, which has been reported in a limited number of cases. We present a case of 58 years old woman who had a right lower.
Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum post paracetamol overdose; an unusual presentation
Authors: Tawfik A ,   Beaumont Hospital, Beumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Published: July 2024

We present the case of a 16-year-old adolescent who presented to the Emergency Department following an episode of severe vomiting after ingestion of 40 tablets of paracetamol. On admission, she complained of nausea and reflux-like symptoms.
Macular telangiectasia type 2 optical coherence tomography angiography findings
Authors: Heidarzadeh Hamid Reza ,   Khatam-al-Anbia Eye Hospital Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Qarani Blvd., Mashhad 9195965919, Iran
Published: July 2024

To evaluate retinal vascular layers in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 (MacTel2) imaged by Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography (OCTA).
A case of bullous pemphigoid in a psoriatic patient treated with etanercept
Authors: Namazi Soha ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2024

The prevalence of Bullous Pemphigoid (BP) as a most common autoimmune bullous skin disease has increased in recent years. Drug-induced BP is an uncommon form of BP. A 25-year-old psoriatic woman was admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital complex affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Science with a chief complaint of generalized blistering lesions.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator malfunction and pocket infection due to blunt trauma from gunshot wound
Authors: Dhaliwal Gurjap ,   Ross University School of Medicine, USA.
Published: July 2024

We present an uncommon cause for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) pocket infection. Penetration of the ICD pocket from a gunshot wound resulted in blunt trauma to the ICD
Human urogenital myiasis caused by Clogmia albipunctata (Diptera: Psychodidae): First report in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Rajib ,   International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.
Published: July 2024

We report the first case of human urogenital myiasis caused by Clogmia albipunctata in a 32-year-old housewife in Bangladesh. Identification at the species level has been performed by morphological examination of exerted pupa and adult flies generated