bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Mobile Phone Usage on Sleep Quality Among Medical Students Across Latin America: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. , Paz Clara , Nati-Castillo H. A. , Gollini-Mihalopoulos Ricardo , Aveiro-Róbalo Telmo Raul , Valeriano Paucar Jhino Renson , Laura Mamami Sandra Erika , Caicedo Juan Felipe , Loaiza-Guevara Valentina , Mejía Diana Camila , Salazar-Santoliva Camila , Villavicencio-Gomezjurado Melissa , Hall Cougar , Ortiz-Prado Esteban
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The ubiquitous use of mobile phones among medical students has been linked to potential health consequences, including poor sleep quality.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the prevalence of mobile phone addiction and its association with sleep quality among medical students across six Latin American countries.

METHODS

A descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024 using a self-administered online survey. The survey included the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess addiction rates and sleep quality among 1,677 medical students from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, and Peru.

RESULTS

Approximately 32.5% of participants exhibited mobile phone addiction, with significant variations between countries. The overall mean PSQI score was 7.26, indicating poor sleep quality. Higher addiction rates were associated with worse sleep quality across all PSQI components (p < 0.05). Regression analysis highlighted a strong association between mobile phone addiction and poorer sleep, controlled for demographic variables (Beta=1.40; (95%CI: 1.05 - 1.74).This study underscores a significant prevalence of mobile phone addiction among medical students and its detrimental association with sleep quality in Latin America. The findings advocate for the need to address mobile phone usage to mitigate its negative implications on student health and academic performance. Strategies to enhance digital literacy and promote healthier usage habits could benefit medical education and student well-being.

CONCLUSIONS

This study underscores a significant prevalence of mobile phone addiction among medical students and its detrimental association with sleep quality in Latin America. The findings advocate for the need to address mobile phone usage to mitigate its negative implications on student health and academic performance. Strategies to enhance digital literacy and promote healthier usage habits could benefit medical education and student well-being.
Establishing an Evaluation Indicator System for User Satisfaction With Hypertension Management Apps: Combining User-Generated Content and Analytic Hierarchy Process (Preprint)
Authors: He Yunfan , Chen Han , Xiang Peng , Zhao Min , Li Yingjun , Liu Yongcheng , Wang Tong , Liang Jun , Lei Jianbo
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Hypertension management apps (HMAs) can be effective in controlling blood pressure, but their actual impact is often suboptimal. Establishing a user satisfaction evaluation indicator system for HMAs can assist app developers in enhancing app design and functionality, while also helping users identify apps that best meet their needs. This approach aims to improve the overall effectiveness of app usage.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically collect data on HMAs and their user reviews in the United States and China. It analyzes app usage patterns and functional characteristics, identifies factors influencing user satisfaction from existing research, and develops a satisfaction evaluation indicator system to provide more accurate recommendations for improving user satisfaction.

METHODS

We conducted a descriptive statistical analysis to assess the development status of HMAs in both countries and applied the task-technology fit model to evaluate whether the app functionalities align with business needs. We separately summarized the factors influencing user satisfaction in both countries from previous research, utilized the analytic hierarchy process to develop an evaluation indicator system for HMA user satisfaction, and calculated satisfaction levels. Based on these findings, we propose improvements to enhance app functionality and user satisfaction.

RESULTS

In terms of current development status, there were fewer HMAs and user reviews in China compared with the United States. Regarding app functional availability, fewer than 5% (4/91) of the apps achieved a demand fulfillment rate exceeding 80% (8/10). Overall, user satisfaction in both countries was low.

CONCLUSIONS

In the United States, user satisfaction was lowest for advertising distribution, data synchronization, and reliability. By contrast, Chinese apps need improvements in cost efficiency and compatibility.
CCD PHOTOMETRY OF TRAPEZIA STARS I
Authors: Ruelas-Mayorga A. , Sánchez L. J. , Páez-Amador A. , Segura-Montero O. , Nigoche-Netro A.
Published: May 2024

We present photometric CCD observations of stars in four stellar trapezia ADS 15184, ADS 4728, ADS 2843, and ADS 16795. This study is performed on images obtained at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional at San Pedro Mártir (OAN), Baja California, México. In this work we utilise aperture photometry to measure the U, B, V, R and I magnitudes of some of the stars in these dynamically unstable stellar clusters (trapezia). Using the Q = (U - B) - 0.72(B - V) parameter we obtained the spectral type of the studied stars as well as their distance to the Sun and their reddening. Slight differences between the Q-derived Spectral types and those listed in SIMBAD might be due to a different value, from 0.72, for the slope of the reddening line on the two-colour diagram.
Troubling White Women’s Desire for Innocence in Community-Based Social Work Practice: A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis
Authors: Hoselton Jill , Walsh Christine
Published: May 2024

Understanding the effects of White femininity on social work practice is a worthy endeavour provided the disproportionate numbers of White women that have built and occupied the professional role of social worker from the origins of colonization to present. Mainstream accounts of social work history narrate the profession to be a pursuit of well-intentioned middle- and upper-class White women, concealing the colonial operations that underpin the formation of social work as a White feminine project. While Whiteness and its effects within social work have been a subject of study, the intersection of gender and Whiteness has been minimally addressed, disregarding significant nuances that inform the relationship between the project of colonization and social work. This paper provides a detailed analysis of semi-structured interviews with eight White, woman-identified social workers who have practiced community-based social work for a minimum of two years in Alberta, Canada. Foucauldian discourse analysis is used to trace the ways the participants perform the dominant discourse of White femininity. The findings illuminate the social work profession's ongoing complicity with its colonial origins, which collude with White femininity and ultimately foster practices steeped in racism. A vital need to disentangle social work from its colonial and racist scripts is emphasized.
Biosurfactant production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, characterization and its potential applications
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Bioscience and Nanoscience Research, Coimbatore–641 021, India, Brinda C.M. , Ragunathan R. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Bioscience and Nanoscience Research, Coimbatore–641 021, India, Johney J. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Bioscience and Nanoscience Research, Coimbatore–641 021, India
Published: May 2024

Aim: To identify indigenous bacteria responsible for producing biosurfactants in soil contaminated by oil and to investigate their potential uses in the fields of pharmaceuticals and environmental applications. Methodology: The microorganisms of oil-contaminated soil were isolated, screened, and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was utilized to produce biosurfactants, and were characterized by UV, TLC, FTIR, HPTLC, and GCMS analysis. Antibacterial activity, plant growth promotion, biocompatibility, and wound healing activity of surfactant were performed. Results: Six bacterial cultures (B1 to B6) were isolated from the soil samples collected from various locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Among the isolates screened for biosurfactant production, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens exhibited the highest capacity for biosurfactant production, confirmed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The biosurfactant produced was identified as surfactin of lipopeptide nature, characterized by various analytical techniques: UV absorption at 400 nm, TLC and HPTLC (Rf value of 0.58), FTIR (prominent peak at 3819 cm-1 corresponding to -OH groups), GCMS with a maximum retention time of 12.03. Surfactin effectively inhibited pathogenic bacteria, enhanced plant growth, was biocompatible, and enhanced the rate of cell migration towards wound scratch. Interpretation: The current study revealed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, isolated from oil-contaminated soil, is capable of producing biosurfactant surfactin. Additionally, it unveiled a broad spectrum of applications for surfactin, encompassing wound healing, biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and promotion of plant growth. Key words: Antibacterial activity, Biocompatibility, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Biosurfactant, Wound healing
Phosphorus uptake of groundnut under high density plantations with graded levels of phosphorus
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, NMCA, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396 450, India, Kumar T.S. , Sumathi V. ,   Department of Crop Production, Perumallapalli Research Station, Tirupati-517 502, India, Reddiramu Y. ,   Department of Crop Production, DAATTC Centre, Kalikiri, Chittoor-517 243, India, Satya M.S.S.C. ,   School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University, Umiam - 793 103, India, Swami Sanjay ,   School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University, Umiam - 793 103, India
Published: May 2024

Aim: To determine the optimum level of phosphorus for higher yield and phosphorus uptake by groundnut at different planting densities. Methodology: A field experiment was laid out in randomized block design with factorial concept during Rabi seaon 2019-20 to study the phosphorus uptake by groundnut under high density plantation (22.5 x 10 cm - 4.44 lakh ha-1; 20 x 7.5 cm - 6.66 lakh ha-1; 22.5 x 5 cm - 8.88 lakh ha-1 with graded levels of phosphorus (25, 37.5, 50 and 62.5 kg P2O5 ha-1). Results: The present study revealed that 4.44 lakh ha-1 registered lower phosphorus uptake and application of 62.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded a higher uptake of phosphorus and soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Interaction was significant only in influencing pod yield. Higher pod yield was recorded in the population density of 4.44 lakh ha-1 applied along with 50 kg P2O5 ha-1, followed by 6.66 lakh ha-1 applied with 62.5 kg P2O5 ha-1. Interpretation: The results indicate that for better nutrient uptake and higher pod yield of groundnut, farmers should prefer a planting density of 6.66 lakh ha-1 with an application of 62.5 kg P2O5 ha-1. Key words: Groundnut, Nutrient uptake, Plant density, Phosphorus, Pod yield
Physico-chemical characteristics of breeding habitats in relation to larval density and relative abundance of Aedes mosquitoes from Siliguri sub-division, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India, Sarkar R. , Das S. ,   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India, Saha A. ,   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India, Das P. ,   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India, Raha D. ,   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India, Saha D. ,   Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Darjeeling-734 013, India
Published: May 2024

Aim: Characterization of physico-chemical parameters of Aedes mosquito breeding habitats from dengue-endemic Siliguri sub-divisional area and correlation of larval density with the habitat characteristics. Methodology: Natural and artificial water-holding containers found in four blocks, namely- Naxalbari, Matigara, Khoribari and Phansidewa of Siliguri sub-divisional area were surveyed for the collection of Aedes mosquito larvae. Water parameters such as pH, temperature, electric conductance (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), chloride, salinity, total hardness (TH) and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured and the larval density (LD) indices and relative abundance for Aedes spp., were calculated. Results: Out of 40 habitats, larvae of Aedes spp. were found in 20 habitats (50%). Ae. albopictus was found as the pre-dominant species (81.24%) in all the positive breeding habitats. Three habitat characteristics, like chloride (r= -0.959; p= 0.041), salinity (r= -0.958; p= 0.041)and TH (r= -0.961; p= 0.039) showed significant negative association with larval densityin the study. Whereas the remaining parameters, like-pH, temperature, EC, TDS, were positively correlated and DO showed a negative correlation with larval density. Although none of the later correlations were statistically significant. The larval density of Aedes spp. (mean ± SD) was lowest in Khoribari (27.66 ± 21.55) and highest in Phansidewa block (128.33 ± 187.26). Interpretation: Pre-dominance of Ae. albopictus reiterates its importance as a principal dengue vectorin rural, peri- or sub-urban area of the sub-division. Utilizing the obtained data, the efficacy of oviposition traps can be enhanced for locale-specific vector surveillance and development of novel techniques that may deter larval growth, development and survival in an area. Key words: Aedes mosquitoes, Dengue, Larval density, Mosquito-borne viral diseases, Siliguri
Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficiency of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Polianthes tuberosa flower concentrate
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, India, Christy J.J.A. , Begum S.B. ,   PG and Research Department of Zoology, V.O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin-628 008, India, Revathy M. ,   Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, India, Harisma B.R. ,   Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, India, Murugappan R.M. ,   Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, India
Published: May 2024

Aim: In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Polianthes tuberosa flower concentrate. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficiency of the green synthesized ZnO NPs were analysed under in vitro conditions. Methodology: Nanoparticles formation was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy. Size, shape and morphology of the green synthesized ZnO NPs was determined by SEM coupled with EDAX and AFM. Molecular and elemental compositions of the nanoparticle were determined by XRD and FT-IR analyses. Results: X-ray diffraction analysis depicted the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO NPs with a particle size of 80 nm. The FT-IR analysis illustrated the functional groups responsible for the encapsulation and stabilization of ZnO NPs. At micromolar concentration, ZnO NPs was found to inhibit the growth of selected skin pathogens and suppress biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interpretation: P. tuberosa flower concentrate and green synthesized ZnO Nps inhibited the growth of bacterial and fungal pathogen in a dose-dependent manner. Biofilm inhibitory efficiency and anti-inflammatory activity of the zinc oxide nanoparticle illustrated that it can be used for treating skin infections. Key words: Anti-biofilm, Anti-inflammatory, Polianthes tuberosa, Zinc oxide nanoparticles
Retting with efficient microbial consortium helps in improving jute fibre quality and profitability: a study in Eastern India
Authors:   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Majumdar B. , Sarkar S. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Jha S.K. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Mazumdar S.P. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Saha R. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Barai S. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Chattopadhyay L. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Alam N.M. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India, Kar G. ,   ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute &  Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 121, India
Published: May 2024

Aim: To determine the effect of application of microbial consortium for faster retting of jute (Corchorus spp.) over conventional retting without microbial consortium on jute fibre recovery and fibre quality improvement. Methodology: Large scale retting trials of jute were conducted in five important jute growing districts of West Bengal, India for four consecutive years with and without microbial consortium. After completion of jute retting, fibre was extracted manually, processed and dry fibre weight was recorded. Jute fibre samples were collected and analysed for fibre quality parameters. The fibre strength was estimated using electronic fibre bundle strength tester, fibre fineness by air flow method and root content is measured as the length of fibre up to which root is present out of the total length of the fibre and is expressed as percent length. Results: Application of microbial consortium reduced the retting duration and root content in jute fibre in all the locations irrespective of years. The jute fibre recovery increased by 9.64 to 10.97% and 9.73 to 10.63% with microbial consortium over without microbial consortium respectively in different locations and different years under study. The maximum jute fibre yield with (33.17 q ha-1) and without microbial consortium (29.89 q ha-1) was recorded in Murshidabad district. Nadia district recorded significantly higher fibre strength of 24.92 g tex-1 and lowest retting duration of 11.92 days with microbial consortium among all the locations. Interpretation: The application of microbial consortium improved the fibre recovery and fibre quality leading to the increase in net income by ₹15624 to ₹18017 ha-1 of jute farmers. Hence, the application of microbial consortium for jute retting can be used extensively by the jute farming community in jute growing states of India for faster retting of jute along with quality fibre production, higher net income and doubling farmers’ income. Key words: Corchorus spp., Fibre quality, Jute retting, Microbial consortiu
Properties of different graded coir pith by Keen-Raczkowski box and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis
Authors:   School of Agriculture, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram-600 117, India, Anbarasu M. , Gurusamy A. ,   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai-625 104, India, Saravanan S. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai-625 104 , India
Published: May 2024

Aim: To evaluate the physical and hydrological properties of different graded coir pith and composted coir pith (CPOM) following the Keen-Raczkowski box and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Methodology: The coir pith was collected and composted by PITH PLUS (Pleurotus-sajor-caju). Thereafter, the coir pith and composted coir pith were segregated into different groups based on the size of the particles as 1.0 mm (1000 microns), 0.5 mm (500 microns), and 0.25 mm (250 microns). Based on particle size, the hydrological properties of coir pith and composted coir pith were determined. The physical and hydrological properties were estimated by the Keen-Raczkowski box method and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Results: Different graded coir pith and composted coir pith of size 0.25 mm showed the highest bulk density (0.60 and 0.48 g cm-3), followed by 0.5 mm size coir pith and composted coir pith, respectively. The highest particle density (0.18 and 0.19 g cm-3) was registered in 1.0 mm coir pith and composted coir pith whereas the lowest particle density was observed in 0.25 mm size coir pith (0.15 g cm-3). The water-holding capacity (817.93 % and 806.97 %) and water in air-dry substrate (25.03 % and 36.094 %) was high in 0.25 mm coir pith and composted coir pith. Interpretation: A 0.25 mm grade of coir pith and composted coir pith showed highest water holding and retaining capacity due to a greater number of small particles being compactly arranged and holding more surface area, and innumerable micropores than other graded particles. Key words: BET analysis, Coir pith, Composted coir pith, Water holding capacity
Integrative Performance Assessment of Electrical Distribution Networks: An Integrated Indicators and Weight Processing Strategy
Authors: Hu Shiyao , Chai Linjie , Jing Zhipeng , Guo Jia , Rong Chunyan , Zhang Deguang
Published: May 2024

This study presents a novel framework This study proposes a new
framework for evaluating the performance of distribution networks using
a comprehensive approach. This method combines Principal Component
Analysis (PCA) for extracting key performance indicators, Improved
Analytic Hierarchy Process (IAHP) for determining objective weights of
these indicators, and CRITIC method for determining subjective weights.
Then, aggregate weights are used to calculate the comprehensive
performance score of each part of the distribution network. On the
premise of reducing computing resources, K-means clustering analysis is
applied to classify the status of distribution network projects,
providing data reference for project maintenance and repair. Finally, a
case study and corresponding analysis of the evaluation results were
presented, providing detailed insights into the practical application of
the proposed framework. The limitations of current research and future
research approaches were also discussed. The results indicate that the
designed strategy performs well in terms of accuracy and computational
convenience, and has potential application prospects
Nonlinear contractions and Caputo tempered implicit fractional differential equations in b-Metric spaces with infinite delay
Authors: Krim Salim , Salim Abdelkrim , Benchohra Mouffak
Published: May 2024

This paper deals with some existence and uniqueness results for a class of
problems for nonlinear Caputo tempered implicit fractional differential
equations in b-Metric spaces with initial condition and infinite delay. The
results are based on the ???-Geraghty type contraction, the F-contraction
and the fixed point theory. Furthermore, an two illustrations are presented
to demonstrate the plausibility of our results.
B3-subbalancing and b3-Lucas subbalancing numbers
Authors: Sari Selin , Gözeri Gül
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we derive some new algebraic identities on b3-subbalancing numbers and obtain the functions that generate b3-subbalancing numbers. We also introduce b3-Lucas subbalancing numbers and derive some algebraic identities between b3-Lucas subbalancing numbers and b3-subbalancing numbers. Further, we give the Binet formulas for b3-subbalancing and b3-Lucas subbalancing numbers.
Agent orange exposure and prostate cancer risk in the million veteran program
Authors: Pagadala Meghana S. , Lui Asona J. , Zhong Allison Y. , Lynch Julie A. , Karunamuni Roshan , Lee Kyung Min , Plym Anna , Rose Brent S. , Carter Hannah K. , Kibel Adam S. , DuVall Scott L. , Gaziano J. Michael , Panizzon Matthew S. , Hauger Richard L. , Seibert Tyler M.
Published: May 2024

Background: The US government considers veterans to have been exposed to Agent Orange if they served in Vietnam while the carcinogen was in use, and these veterans are often deemed at high risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we assess whether presumed Agent Orange exposure is independently associated with increased risk of any metastatic or fatal PCa in a diverse Veteran cohort still alive in the modern era (at least 2011), when accounting for race/ethnicity, family history, and genetic risk.
Patients and Methods: Participants in the Million Veteran Program (MVP; enrollment began in 2011) who were on active duty during the Vietnam War era (August 1964-April 1975) were included (n = 301,470). Agent Orange exposure was determined using the US government definition. Genetic risk was assessed via a validated polygenic hazard score. Associations with age at diagnosis of any PCa, metastatic PCa, and death from PCa were assessed via Cox proportional hazards models.
Results and Interpretation: On univariable analysis, exposure to Agent Orange was not associated with increased PCa (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.04, p = 0.06), metastatic PCa (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.91–1.05, p = 0.55), or fatal PCa (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.79–1.09, p = 0.41). When accounting for race/ethnicity and family history, Agent Orange exposure was independently associated with slightly increased risk of PCa (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09, <10-6) but not with metastatic PCa (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.98–1.15, p = 0.10) or PCa death (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.83–1.23, p = 0.09). Similar results were found when accounting for genetic risk. Agent Orange exposure history may not improve modern PCa risk stratification.
The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Otterlei Fjørtoft Marit , Huse Kanutte , Rye Inga Hansine
Published: May 2024

Background: The tumor microenvironment significantly influences breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Various immune cell populations, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells exhibit diverse functions in different breast cancer subtypes, contributing to both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities.
Purpose: This review provides an overview of the predominant immune cell populations in breast cancer subtypes, elucidating their suppressive and prognostic effects. We aim to outline the role of the immune microenvironment from normal breast tissue to invasive cancer and distant metastasis.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze the involvement of immune cells throughout breast cancer progression.
Results: In breast cancer, tumors exhibit increased immune cell infiltration compared to normal tissue. Variations exist across subtypes, with higher levels observed in triple-negative and HER2+ tumors are linked to better survival. In contrast,  ER+ tumors display lower immune infiltration, associated with poorer outcomes. Furthermore, metastatic sites commonly exhibit a more immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Conclusion: Understanding the complex interaction between tumor and immune cells during breast cancer progression is essential for future research and the development of immune-based strategies. This comprehensive understanding may pave the way for more effective treatment approaches and improved patients outcomes.
Hva gjør pedagogene i barnehagen? Barnehagelærernes arbeidsdeling i møte med skjerpet pedagognorm
Authors: Homme Anne , Eide Helene Marie Kjærgård
Published: May 2024

Skjerpet pedagognorm i barnehagene kan ses som uttrykk for at pedagogisk kompetanse og kvalitet sesi sammenheng. Denne artikkelen undersøker hvordan ansvar og oppgaver fordeles mellom pedagoger ibarnehagen og hvilken betydning ulike måter å organisere pedagogressursen kan få for barnehagelærerprofesjonensjurisdiksjon på barnehagefeltet. Artikkelen bygger på data fra en komparativ caseundersøkelsei åtte barnehager i 2017 og 2018 som hadde femti prosent andel barnehagelærere. Vi har intervjuetstyrere, pedagoger, fagarbeidere/assistenter og eierrepresentanter. Analysen bygger på teori om profesjonssystemer(Abbott, 1988) og viser hvordan arbeidsdeling skjer ut fra subjektive problemdefinisjoner avbarnehagelærernes og fagarbeidernes/assistentenes oppgaver. Barnehagelærerne i de ulike barnehagene tildeles forskjellige oppgaver og ansvarsområder. Noen får et mer spesialisert ansvar, mens andre utformer barnehagelæreroppgaver som en støttefunksjon til pedagogisk lederrollen. Forhandlinger om arbeidsoppgaver kan muliggjøre og utfordre barnehagelærernes profesjonalisering. Analysen indikerer at det fortsatt er en vei å gå i arbeidet med å fastsette profesjonens ambisjon med den skjerpede pedagognormen. Arbeidsdelingsprosessene er i stadig endring og bør følges videre opp med forskning som kan tilføre ny kunnskap om hvordan skjerpet pedagognorm kan styrke kompetanse, profesjonalisering og det pedagogiske arbeidet i barnehagen. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
What Do the Teachers Do? The Division of Labour Between Early Childhood Teachers in Kindergartens With Increased Teacher-to-Child Ratio
Norwegian national regulations that increase the percentage of early childhood teachers among staff in kindergartens indicate that pedagogical competence and quality are related. However, we need more insight into how quality, teacher professional competence and staffing are linked in the kindergartens. The article is based on data from a comparative case study in eight kindergartens in 2017 and 2018 which all had a proportion of fifty per cent teachers among their staff. The data consists of interviews with kindergarten heads, teachers, skilled workers, assistants, and owners. The analysis is based on a theoretical approach on the system of professions (Abbott, 1988), and shows how the division of labor based on subjective problem definitions vary between the kindergartens. Negotiations on work tasks at the local level both enable and challenge the professionalization of teachers. Thus, we find that the government’s ambitions to strengthen competence and thereby quality in the kindergarten sector can be implemented in various ways. An increase of kindergarten teachers among staff does not necessarily strengthen specialization of professional practice. Further, the work of determining the profession’s ambition with the teacher staffing regulation is yet still to be developed and defined.
Tenth Review of Tests Published in Spain: Incorporating Information on non-Commercial Tests
Authors: Abad Francisco José
Published: May 2024

Tests are fundamental to psychology, and their use should always be supported by solid evidence. Since 2010, the National Test Commission of the General Council of the Spanish Psychological Association has been carrying out annual evaluations, using the Test Evaluation Questionnaire-Revised (CET-R) with the collaboration of external experts. To date, 96 tests have been evaluated. This tenth edition includes six tests from three well-known publishing houses: TEA Hogrefe, Pearson Educación, and Giunti Psychometrics. In addition, the psychometric properties were also reviewed of a non-commercial test, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), mentioned among the 25 most used tests by Spanish psychologists. Evaluating non-commercial tests, developed in academic contexts, is crucial, as it enriches the set of tools available to practitioners. This paper addresses the challenges of evaluating tests of this type and offers suggestions for improving both the development and validation of the tests as well as the review of their psychometric properties using the CET-R.
Considerations on the Application of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) in Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodríguez-Bocanegra María , Ferro-García Rafael
Published: May 2024

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a contextual philosophy psychological therapy described as effective and efficacious by the literature for working on different problems, mostly with adult population. In this manuscript, we reflect on the application of FAP for psychological problems in childhood and adolescence. A systematic review was carried out of the empirical studies in this population from its emergence to the present moment through the databases of , and the FAP web repository itself, as well as classic and recent manuals. From a total of 32 descriptive and experimental works, 17 were selected and reviewed. The results of this review are promising, and the considerations provided are consistent for applying FAP in behavioral and emotional problems with children and adolescents.
Psychology of Emergencies: A new Profession for a Current Social Need
Authors: Soto-Baño María Antonia , Clemente Suárez Vicente Javier
Published: May 2024

The current social needs in situations of crises, emergencies, and catastrophes have led to the work of emergency psychology professionals becoming an essential response service for citizens. This makes it necessary to work on the design of specialized training for emergency psychologists by government entities and scientific and professional associations, so as to guarantee a minimum and essential level of training for these professionals to provide quality intervention and care in the field of psychology. Due to the specific idiosyncrasies of the discipline at this time, in this paper we develop an approach to a training model based on competencies, which we consider an appropriate option to follow in order to achieve the necessary regulation in the specialization of this new profession.
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE ARCHITECTURAL AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF OPEN-AIR MUSEUMS AND EXHIBITIONS. EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Department of Design and Fundamentals of Architecture Lviv Polytechnic National University, Brych Mariia
Published: May 2024

There are numerous open-air museums worldwide, and public spaces often incorporate both permanent and temporary outdoor exhibitions. Based on studies conducted on open-air museums and exhibitions in Vienna and its surrounding areas, as part of the academic cooperation program TU Vienna – TU Lviv, this article explores the European approach to the architectural and spatial organization of such institutions. Through this research, contemporary approaches to their architectural and spatial organization were examined, and both positive and negative aspects were highlighted. This article aims to analyze the distinct features of the architectural and spatial organization of European open-air museums and exhibitions, identifying their positive aspects and approaches that could be implemented in Ukraine. In Ukrainian studies, the topic of modern open-air museums is only gaining popularity and is not well presented. Hence, involving local scholars in this globally expanding field would be relevant. European open-air museums, particularly in Austria, show several trends in spatial organization, including a comprehensive approach, accessibility, family-oriented infrastructure, wide implementation of interactive elements, and integration of multimedia technologies. These museums blend original artifacts with modern enhancements to provide visitors with a unique experience. Noteworthy aspects observed in open-air museums and exhibitions, which are scarce or absent in Ukraine, include combining several neighboring objects into one museum complex, a large number of children's playgrounds, ample recreation and food areas, inclusiveness, infrastructure for dog walking, provision of venues for holding mass events, and onsite production and sale of themed merchandise in souvenir shops. The principles of spatial and architectural organization in open-air museums and exhibitions in Vienna and its vicinity boast several positive features that we believe are pertinent for implementation in Ukraine. Notably, interactivity to engage visitors and inclusivity, which is poised to be a pressing issue during Ukraine's post-war reconstruction, stand out as crucial aspects. The findings from this study can serve as a foundation for enhancing existing or designing new open-air museums in Ukraine.
EXISTING APPROACHES TO REVITALIZATION OF SACRED BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES
Authors:   Department of Architecture and Restoration, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vikhot Maryana , Yasinskyi Maksym ,   Department of Architecture and Restoration, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

Sacred objects play an important role as symbols of identity and traditions. It is noted that as a result of changes in society and technological progress, many of these buildings are at risk of neglect and destruction. The article explores different approaches to the revitalization of sacred objects, pointing to their role in preserving cultural heritage and creating active centers for different segments of society. Revitalization becomes an opportunity to open new chapters of history and create space for communities. Such projects help to preserve not only the material aspects of buildings but also allow them to renew their role in modern society. The revitalization of sacred buildings becomes an act of connecting the past and the present.
REVALUATION OF MONASTERY HOSPITAL GARDEN AT THE CHURCH OF SAINT LAZAR IN LVIV
Authors:   National University ", Didyk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic"
Published: May 2024

The real state of the system green areas of the city of Lviv requires the identifications, preservation and development of garden and park objects that have not yet been territorially lost. The territories of the monastery gardens of Lviv, which have partially preserved or completely lost their original function, still remain like this. The monastery garden at the former hospital and church of Saint Lazarus (now the “Dudaryk” choir school) is one of them. Studies of the development of its territory in the spatial structure of the area of location testily to the uniqueness of this historical environment. The established stages of construction, formation and stylistic motif, as well as the current state of the territory became the basis for working out the hypothetical concept of the revalorization of the hospital monastery garden.
THE ROLE OF STAINED WINDOWS IN MODERN RESIDENTIAL INTERIOR DECORATION
Authors:   Design and Fundamentals of Architecture  Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zadorozhny Bogdan
Published: May 2024

Stained glass has attracted the attention of art critics and scientists for centuries. Stained glass art plays a special artistic role in decorating windows, doors, and ceilings. In addition to the traditional use of stained glass windows, they are used in the design of modern interiors. Although stained-glass windows are not a common design solution in interior design, they are increasingly used for their individualization in modern decoration. In the process of researching decorative decoration of modern interiors with the use of stained glass, new techniques and technologies of their implementation, compositional solutions, their color range were considered, and the main features of artistic expression were revealed. In modern interiors of residential premises, you can find stylized decorative and ornamental stylized stained-glass compositions, which are characterized by a linear division of the glass canvas with the use of faceted glass elements. With the help of stained glass windows, the space of the living room is filled with warm or cold, monochrome or polychrome colors, which enhances the visual perception of certain interior elements. Stained glass compositions using traditional and modern production technologies were analyzed and their role in modern interior design was determined.
ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF BUILDINGS IN 3D PRINTING: DESIGN, MATERIALS, EFFICIENCY (PART ONE - OVERVIEW)
Authors:   Department of Architectural Environment Design Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ivanov-Kostetskyi Serhii
Published: May 2024

The article provides an analysis of current approaches to 3D printing of buildings. It focuses on three key areas: 1) computer-aided design methods for 3D printing of buildings; 2) manufacturing methods and materials used; 3) methods for evaluating their effectiveness. The section "Design/Development" covers tools and techniques used from the design stage to the production of building elements. The Technology and Materials section looks at opportunities for engineering applications, categorized by material type. The Performance Evaluation section highlights current strategies for analyzing 3DP buildings. In the first part of this analysis (i.e., this article), the author discusses in detail the general concept of the study, focusing on its key aspects.
NEW DISCOVERIES, PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH AND PRESERVATION OF THE UNDERGROUND HERITAGE OF ANCIENT HALYCH
Authors:   Department of Architecture and Restoration  Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lukomskyi Yu.
Published: May 2024

The long history of changing ideas is considered and the hypothesis of the urban structure of ancient Halych of the 12th-13th centuries is demonstrated. according to archaeological sources. Based on the analysis of stratigraphic, planning and construction-technological features, the relative chronology of the appearance of the 16 studied relics of monumental architecture was established. The earliest monuments of the first half of the 12th century are examined in detail: an ensemble of palace buildings with a post construction of log walls, the use of a plinth and a tin roof on Kryloska Hill, a complex of churches on Tsarynka, the Church of the Savior on Karpytsia Hill, as well as other objects, on which recent discoveries have been made. The appearance of early sacred objects outside the city is explained by the gradual Christianization of the population of Halych. Analysis of the construction periodization of the Dormition Cathedral in the middle of the 12th century. allows you to review its graphic reconstructions until now and raise the question of developing a new hypothesis of the three-dimensional appearance of the building during the first construction period, from which the recently found detail of a large alabaster ornamentally decorated capital with traces of false gilding comes from. The results of architectural and archaeological soundings at the outer contours of the foundations of the Panteleimon Church confirmed the presence of regular external protrusions of the foundations, which calibrates the construction of the object together with the early paleographic dates of the early 90s of the 12th century. Part makes it possible to argue the use of a measuring foot of 30 cm. Attention is drawn to the problems of preserving a number of known architectural and archaeological objects and the search for unknown monuments by non-invasive research methods.
HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY AND SYNAGOGUE IN THE TERRITORY OF KHARKIV
Authors:   Department of Archіtecture and Conservation  Lviv Polytechnic National University, Rosliakov Mykhailo , Hnidets Rostyslav ,   Department of Archіtecture and Conservation  Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

The article explores the history of the Jewish community in Kharkiv and the role that synagogues played in its life. Focusing on the significance of synagogues as centers of spiritual and cultural life, the article emphasizes their importance in shaping the city's cultural landscape. Through the analysis of historical sources and documents, the article unfolds the process of the Jewish community's development in Kharkiv and the challenges it faced over the years. In the early stages of Kharkiv's development, the Jewish community was an integral part of urban life. Synagogues became gathering places not only for religious ceremonies but also for the exchange of news, discussions, and important decisions for the community. They played a key role in preserving cultural traditions, education, and the preservation of language and rituals. However, the history of the Jewish community in Kharkiv also reflects challenges and upheavals. Political and social changes, such as revolutions, wars, and periods of repression, significantly influenced its life. Synagogues remained important during these turbulent times, often becoming centers of support and hope for the community. They played a role not only in the religious sphere but also in supporting social and charitable initiatives. Additionally, the article examines the influence of political, social, and cultural factors on the Jewish community and its synagogues. For example, the period of severe restrictions during the communist era affected religious practices and the free expression of cultural identity. In such conditions, synagogues became not only places of prayer but also symbols of resilience and faith in the future. The article provides important insights into how synagogues influenced the development and life of the Jewish community in Kharkiv during different historical periods. It emphasizes not only the religious significance of these buildings but also their importance in shaping the social and cultural identity of the community.
DESIGNING THEATRICAL AND ENTERTAINMENT CENTERS FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH (based on the experience of the Department of architectural environmental design)
Authors:   Department of Architectural environmental design, National University ", Filipchuk Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic"
Published: May 2024

The article explores the influence of educational, research, and competitive design of theatrical and spectacle buildings developed by professors and students of the Department of Architectural Environment Design at the Institute of Architecture and Design National University "Lviv Polytechnic". Within the framework of the contemporary cultural and educational environment, where active youth participation is a vital component of cultural development, there is a necessity for the creation of adaptive, innovative spaces for creativity and communication. The persistence of outdated architectural forms, characteristic of the Soviet period, particularly in segments like theaters for young audiences and puppet theaters, is emphasized. The absence of innovation in these types of structures at the beginning of the 21st century is noted, especially concerning theatrical and spectacle institutions such as theaters for young audiences and puppet theaters, which continue to exist but do not meet the modern needs for quality cultural education of Ukrainian youth. An analysis of over ten projects at all levels shows that a significant portion not only reproduces the concepts of architects from the second half of the 20th century but also incorporates elements inherited from theatrical and spectacle buildings of the former USSR. However, in recent years, the Lviv architectural school, particularly following the establishment of the Department of Architectural Environment Design, has shown a tendency towards experimentation and the search for innovative solutions for the architecture of the future. This is evidenced by the results of educational and competitive design projects, as well as the introduction of special courses that revive the ideas of futuristic architecture from the last century. Achievements in this field reflect the architectural visions of renowned masters such as F. Kiesler and I. Leonidov, as well as contemporary researchers like A. Quarmby, K. Tange, B. Fuller, G. Golmin and G. Kreiger, who explore the possibilities of future architecture. The article provides a classification of theatrical and spectacle centers for children and youth. The author discusses factors that continue to negatively impact the development of theatrical and spectacle centers in Ukraine in the future. The experience of designing research, educational, and competitive projects, exemplified by the activities of the Department of Architectural Environment Design, demonstrates that it can find application in the applied architectural and construction industry of the country as a whole.