bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING 50 YEARS OF RESEARCH ON STUDENTS’ IDENTITIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION CONTEXT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Tun Nadia , Khairuddin Zulaikha
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose: Higher education serves not merely as a means of imparting knowledge, skills, and societal values to students; it also offers individuals the chance to explore the world, discover their identity and position, gain a deeper understanding of others, and develop appropriate responses to diverse perspectives. Hence, it is vital to acknowledge and understand the significance of students’ identities as it is not an inherent or fixed concept; instead, it emerges and transforms through diverse academic experiences encountered by students from all around the world. The objective of this study is to examine various methods to identify the global research trends related to students’ identities in higher education. This bibliometric study examines various methods to identify the global research trends related to students’ identities in higher education, including annual publication output, leading countries, prolific authors, and co-occurring author keywords.
 
Methodology: A bibliometric study was conducted by utilising VOSviewer software (version 1.6.18) in comprehending the worldwide studies on students’ identities in higher education. The study analysed publication trends from as far back as 1974 up to 2022, using data from the Scopus database. Data collection took place between July 1 and July 5, 2023, using the Scopus database. Data collection occurred between July 1 and July 5, 2023. The study examined publication trends, including time, author, and institution mapping, keyword clustering, and identifying emerging terms.
Findings: The findings revealed a notable increase in researchers' attention towards studying students' identities in higher education, reflected in a rise in related articles. Various theoretical frameworks, including Community of Practice, Acculturation, Self-Concept, Habitus, and Situated Learning, have been extensively examined to provide insights into understanding these identities. These frameworks underscore the impact of social, cultural, and psychological factors on how students perceive themselves and engage within academic settings.
 
Contributions: This bibliometric analysis enhances our understanding of students' identities in higher education, guiding future research and providing useful advice for professionals, researchers, and policymakers in the educational sector. Exploring students' identities offers valuable insights into collaborative networks and potential partners, facilitating further advancements in the field.
 
Keywords: Students’ identities, higher education, bibliometrics analysis.
 
Cite as: Tun, N., & Khairuddin, Z. (2024). Exploring 50 years of research on students’ identities in higher education context: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(1), 368-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss1pp368-394
Distribution and survival of the predatory mite Blattisocius mali on cucumber leaves with the addition of bran, yeast and pollen
Authors: Michalska Katarzyna , Ziółkowska Klaudia , Radziejewska Aleksandra , Studnicki Marcin , Ibrahim Muhammad Arslan
Published: April 2024

Biological control has a special position in sustainable agriculture that requires continuous exploration and diversification in bio-agents to cope with emerging crop pests. Blattisocius mali is a promising biological control agent against some acarid mites, nematodes and moth pests. This study aimed to examine factors that could increase survival and diminish dispersal of B. mali deprived of its prey, the mold mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae, from cucumber plants. The impact of the presence of males on starving females’ lifespans and the influence of different substrates, i.e., wheat bran, dry yeast pellets, and cattail pollen, on the distribution and survival of starving females in groups with males were examined. Experiments were performed on cucumber leaf platforms in Petri dishes filled with water. The results showed that females lived longer and a lower percentage drowned in water when accompanied by males. On the platforms with the addition of a substrate, the mites mainly stayed within the substrate, and eggs were only recorded in the substrate. They clearly preferred bran over pollen or pollen + yeast pellet aggregations. However, the quality of the substrate deteriorated within the first days, and some mites died of entrapment in the substrates. On the 3rd day, the lowest mean percentage of live individuals was observed on platforms with yeast + pollen (54.4%) followed by pollen (68.9%) alone. At that time, females also stopped laying eggs, and cannibalism towards hatched larvae and adults was observed. By the end of the experiment, 54.67% of the mites had been found dead on the leaf surface, and none of the substrates had significantly influenced their lifespan. The females lived on average 8.19 days and the males 5.06 days. The obtained results are discussed in the context of potential application of B. mali in biological control strategies.
Plasma and synovial fluid extracellular vesicles display altered microRNA profiles in horses with naturally occurring post-traumatic osteoarthritis: an exploratory study
Authors: Connard Shannon S. , Gaesser Angela M. , Clarke Emily J. , Linardi Renata L. , Even Kayla M. , Engiles Julie B. , Koch Drew W. , Peffers Mandy J. , Ortved Kyla F.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs) in plasma and synovial fluid obtained from horses with and without naturally occurring post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA).

ANIMALS

EVs were isolated from plasma and synovial fluid from horses with (n = 6) and without (n = 6) PTOA.

METHODS

Plasma and synovial fluid EVs were characterized with respect to quantity, size, and surface markers. Small RNA sequencing was performed, and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) underwent bioinformatic analysis to identify putative targets and to explore potential associations with specific biological processes.

RESULTS

Plasma and synovial fluid samples from horses with PTOA had a significantly higher proportion of exosomes and a lower proportion of microvesicles compared to horses without PTOA. Small RNA sequencing revealed several differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-144, miR-219-3p, and miR-199a-3l in plasma and miR-199a-3p, miR-214, and miR-9094 in synovial fluid EVs. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed miRNAs highlighted their potential role in fibrosis, differentiation of chondrocytes, apoptosis, and inflammation pathways in PTOA.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

We have identified dynamic molecular changes in the small noncoding signatures of plasma and synovial fluid EVs in horses with naturally occurring PTOA. These findings could serve to identify promising biomarkers in the pathogenesis of PTOA, to facilitate the development of targeted therapies, and to aid in establishing appropriate translational models of PTOA.
The influence of intimate hygiene on vaginal microbiota and health
Authors: Długosz Justyna , Millan Natasza , Sędek Łukasz
Published: April 2024

There is a direct correlation between the vaginal microbiome and the health of a woman’s reproductive system. The microbiome is mainly composed of lactic acid rods – Lactobacillus, the metabolism of which ensures an acidic pH, playing a protective role for vaginal homeostasis. One of the typical disorders of homeostasis is bacterial vaginosis, defined as predominance of group IV CST system bacteria (comprising different genera characterized by anaerobic metabolism), which is an essential problem of the female population all over the world. The maintenance of this homeostasis can be restored by medicinal preparations. In addition to well-known antibiotics aimed at inhibiting the development of bacterial pathogens, probiotics and products that promote the development of beneficial microbiota are increasingly used. It seems more relevant not to cure, but to prevent imbalance of homeostasis. For this purpose, women use different washing and care techniques of external genitalia. Women’s everyday practices also include the use of washing preparations from the group of cosmetics; however, little is known about their impact on the microbiota. These products potentially constitute an element of early prevention, which is highly beneficial for female health. The main controversial type of ingredients are cleaning surfactants, which can lead to disruption of the epidermal barrier and to breakthrough of pathogens.
Surgery plus TKIs therapy for gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Yang Tiequan , Gao Boyang , Zheng Keji
Published: April 2024

Introduction

In this era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the clinical benefit of surgery for patients with metastatic or recurrent gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor (GIST) is not well defined. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the survival advantage of adding surgery in patients with recurrent or metastatic GIST.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Ovid’s database was conducted. Relevant studies published by 31 July 2022 on the role of surgery in recurrent or metastatic GIST were identified. Research quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.

Results

Eight studies involving 842 patients were included. The four included studies covered 3-year survival and included 441 patients, of whom 302 received TKIs, and 139 received TKIs plus surgery. 3-year overall survival was significantly higher in the TKIs plus surgery group than in the TKIs group (OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.45–3.88, P = 0.001). The 5-year overall survival was 69.0% in the TKIs plus surgery group compared with 49.1% in the TKIs only group. Survival was significantly higher in TKIs plus surgery group (OR = 2.69, 95%Cl 1.49–4.86, P=0.001). Four studies, including 453 patients, indicated 3-year progression-free survival (PFS). The pooled analysis revealed the TKIs plus surgery group did have a better PFS than the TKIs only group (OR = 4.02, 95% CI: 1.45–11.16, P=0.008). Three included studies focused on gastrointestinal stromal tumor liver metastasis (GLM). The role of surgery plus TKIs had statistically significant better 5-year overall survival as compared with TKI treatment alone (OR = 2.34, 95% Cl 1.30–4.22, P=0.005).

Conclusions

Treatment with surgical resection and TKIs could significantly improve the prognosis of patients with recurrent or metastatic GIST.
Investing in European Public Goods While Maintaining Fiscal Discipline at Home
Authors: Bakker Age , Beetsma Roel , Buti Marco
Published: April 2024

Putting the high public debt ratios on a downward path after the surge during the pandemic and allocating sufficient resources to deliver on the green and digital transition will be among the priorities confronting the EU institutions emerging from the June 2024 European elections. After a long and painful debate, EU institutions have agreed upon a new fiscal rulebook that aims to incentivise the reallocation of national public spending to the green and digital transition. However, the additional public investment is unlikely to suffice to comply with the goals of net zero that the EU has set for itself. In particular, investments of a transnational nature will remain undersupplied. This article proposes setting up a successor to NextGenerationEU – a new EU fund until 2030 for financing European public goods (EPGs) to address the double transition. Access to the facility would be conditional on adherence to the EU fiscal rules. By tying up the implementation of the new fiscal framework, the debate on the future of NextGenerationEU and the next multiannual EU budget post-2027, the credibility and internal consistency of these various instruments will be greatly enhanced.
The Effectiveness of Physical Education Classes Through Collaborative Learning Methods for the Physical Development of 11th-Grade Students in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Tu Tran , Ngoc Cuong Do , Văn Tung Vi
Published: April 2024

Introduction.
Collaborative Learning (CL) is a group learning method that involves mutual support and assistance among individual students to achieve learning goals. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a 14-week Physical Education (PE) class using the CL method in enhancing the physical development of 11th-grade students.

Material and Methods.
Eighty healthy students were randomly selected and divided into two groups: the experimental group with 40 students applying the CL method in PE classes, and the control group with 40 students studying PE using conventional methods. In this study, five fitness tests were used such as a 30-s sit-up test, a 30-m sprint test, a 4 × 10-m shuttle run test, a standing long jump test, and a 5-min running field test.

Results.
After 14 weeks of experimentation, independent t-test results indicated a significant difference in the mean values between the experimental and control groups at the threshold of p < 0.05. Paired t-test results for the mean values before and after the experiment in both groups also showed a difference, with the physical fitness growth rate of the experimental group being higher than that of the control group. Particularly, the control group exhibited a post-experiment value that had a negative significance.

Conclusions.
This demonstrates that the experimental results serve as an illustration, confirming the effectiveness of the CL method in high school PE classes. Teachers should enhance the use of CL in the future to achieve higher learning goals.
ANÁLISE DA VULNERABILIDADE DOS SERVIÇOS DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA POTÁVEL E SANEAMENTO NO MUNICÍPIO DE RIO BRANCO-ACRE APLICADA AO MODELO DE REGULAÇÃO SUNSHINE
Authors: Martellet Luciana Gomes , Andrade Nara Luísa Reis de , Mattos Julio Cesar Pinho
Published: April 2024

Resumo estruturado – Objetivo: avaliar o desempenho e a vulnerabilidade dos serviços de água e esgoto no município de Rio Branco, Acre, no período de 2018 a 2019, aplicados ao modelo Sunshine. Referencial teórico: A realidade do saneamento básico no Brasil é marcada por desigualdades regionais e sociais na prestação dos serviços de abastecimento de água potável e sistema de esgoto. A fim de melhorar o acesso aos serviços de Saneamento Básico no Brasil, foi estabelecido o Novo Marco Regulatório, sancionado pela Lei nº 14.026/2020, atualizando a Lei Federal. A cidade de Rio Branco é marcada por um forte processo de diversificação da produção rural e de infraestrutura urbana marcando, fortemente, a dinâmica de implementação dos serviços de saneamento na cidade. Método: Foram utilizadas informações do primeiro ciclo de auditoria, conforme metodologia ACERTAR, dos serviços prestados pelo então Departamento Estadual de Água e Saneamento do Acre - DEPASA. A avaliação ocorreu com base nos indicadores de desempenho, em suas dimensões de acesso, eficiência e qualidade. Resultados e conclusão: As informações obtidas através dos indicadores analisados revelaram que a prestação dos serviços de água e esgoto em todas as dimensões avaliadas é insatisfatória, muito aquém do que se pretende para a universalização dos serviços, necessitando de um aperfeiçoamento no que tange aos mecanismos e procedimentos de avaliação e monitoramento dos serviços prestados.
Correlation between MR semiotics and intensity of pelvic pain syndrome in female patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment
Authors: Marchenko K. D. , Gramatikova A. G. , Lukina O. V. , Bezhenar V. F. , Bubnova E. V.
Published: April 2024

Objective. To identify the correlation between magnetic resonance (MR) semiotics and the intensity of pelvic pain syndrome in female patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment. Material and methods. We performed a retro- and prospective analysis of MR studies of pelvic organs in 77 female patients with pelvic pain syndrome, aged from 24 to 39 years. We assessed the intensity of the pain syndrome using a visual analog scale (VAS). The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st-patients with external genital endometriosis (EGE) without involving the posterior pelvic compartment, 2nd-patients with EGE of the posterior pelvic compartment. The patients of the second group were divided into subgroups: 1 – endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment without MR signs of intestinal wall invasion, 2 – posterior compartment endometriosis with MR signs of intestinal wall invasion. The study was conducted on a GE Signa 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. Results. In the second group of patients with endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment, the pain syndrome (8.00 (7.00–9.00) was more intense than in the first group of patients without endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment 7.00 (5.00–7.00), p<0.001 and we evaluated a retrovaginal, retrocervical and posterior uterine localization. In the second subgroup of patients with signs of the intestinal wall invasion, the pelvic pain syndrome on the VAS was statistically significantly more intense 8.00 (8.00-10.00) than in the first subgroup of patients without signs of the intestinal wall invasion 7.00 (6.00–7.00) (P<0.001). Conclusion. Patients with identified deep infiltrating endometriosis of the posterior pelvic compartment have more pronounced manifestations of the pelvic pain syndrome then patients with endometriosis of other localizations.
Clinical and experimental parallels in the assessment of microcirculatory dysfunctions of the lungs in thoracic radiology
Authors: Zolotnitskaya V. P. , Amosov V. I. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Chronic obstructive disease (COPD) and thromboembolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery or pulmonary embolism (PE) remain the most common and socially significant lung diseases. Circulatory disorders in these pathologies play a critical role in the development of the disease. Radiation techniques, such as computed tomography/angiography and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), are the leading ones in recognizing changes in the lung parenchyma and vessels. Many questions can be successfully solved experimentally. The main radiation techniques used to study the vascular bed when modeling lung diseases in experimental animals are microangiography and perfusion scintigraphy. Purpose. To show the capabilities of radiation diagnostic methods for identifying vascular disorders in COPD and PE in experiments and clinical manifestations. Material and methods. A clinical and experimental comparison of pulmonary circulation changes during COPD and PE was carried out based on the results of perfusion scintigraphy/SPECT in 55 rats with simulated COPD- like condition and 622 patients with COPD of varying severity, as well as 58 rats with simulated PE and 180 patients with PE. Results. When modelling lung diseases (PE and COPD), the results similar to blood circulation and structural changes in the lung parenchyma in patients with these nosologies were obtained. In COPD, changes in the lung parenchyma correlated with disturbances in functional indicators (microcirculation, PaO2, PaCO2, DSLzd, DLco/VA, SDPA) and increased levels of endothelin-1 (r=0.72) and endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) (r=0.79). Analysis of experimental and clinical data on PE showed the importance of identifying minor forms of thromboembolism. Conclusion. 1. Persistent microcirculatory dysfunctions in the pulmonary circulation play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic broncho-obstructive pathology. After just 7 days, initial signs of emphysema can be detected in the ischemic area of the lung tissue, and by the 60th day typical bullous cavities can be detected. 2. In the chronic course of minor forms of thromboembolism of small branches of the pulmonary artery, local emphysema is formed. 3. At the early stages of COPD formation, regional zones of emphysematous restructuring of the lung tissue with a predominance of ventilation dysfunctions and zones of «compressive ischemia» with prevailing vascular disorders are formed. As the pathological process progresses, the ischemia factor acquires independent significance in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Towards Dismantling Heteronormativity at South African Universities: Heterosexual Students’ Perceptions of Heteronormative Ideologies and LGBTIQ+ Identities
Authors: Maake Tshepo B
Published: April 2024

South African literature demonstrates that heteronormative ideologies are evident at universities and inform various discriminations against LGBTIQ+ students. These heteronormative ideologies emanate from the traditional heteronormative socialisation in the South African society. While there is notable literature based on the experiences and perceptions of LGBTIQ+ students at universities, not much research pays attention to heterosexual students’ perceptions. It is imperative to consider heterosexual students’ perceptions of LGBTIQ+ identities to challenge heteronormative ideologies and transform universities into inclusive spaces. This article is based on heterosexual university students’ non-heteronormative perceptions of LGBTIQ+ identities. I argue that there is the potential to dismantle heteronormativity at universities since the heterosexual students in this research are critical of heteronormative ideologies and question stereotypes about sexual minority identities. Through semi-structured interviews with 10 self-identifying heterosexual students, the article established that students’ perceptions of LGBTIQ+ identities were affirming as they resisted traditional norms of sexuality and gender and demonstrated sensitivity to sexual diversity. The paper calls for further research to critically engage heterosexual students in conversations around heteronormativity to advance the acceptance, tolerance, and inclusion of LGBTIQ+ students at South African universities.
Najbardziej królewska przypowieść w Księdze Ezechiela. Ez 17 w świetle retoryki hebrajskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Opolski, Wydział Teologiczny, Bosowski Jerzy
Published: April 2024

The context of the study was that previous scholarly researchers only saw four kings in the parable. Most used diachronic methods, one used a holistic method (M. Greenberg). They divided the text quite unanimously into: allegory (vv. 1-10), interpretation (vv. 11-21) and the restoration of Israel (vv. 22-24). Most considered this to be a structure. Therefore, the aim of the study became to discover the structure that the ancient inspired author had included in the text under study. The method of Biblical Hebrew rhetoric was applied. As a result of its application, it was possible to discover a parallel-centric structure in mirror composition and scheme: A, B, C, B’, A’. At the centre is the betrayal of Zedekiah, who is disguised as a grapevine in the parable. Another discovery is the number systems. The most important ones are 10 and 4. The number ‘ten’, which concerns God, can be divided into 3 + 7 following the pattern of the commandments. The next number system concerns the number ‘four’. The 4 occurrences relate to the proper name ‘Babylon’ and the next three ‘four’ systems relate to Zedekiah / grapevine. The conclusions drawn are: 1) the betrayal of Zedekiah will result in his death; the number systems indicate that this is a very universal message (to the 4 sides of the world): “breaking the covenant risks death”; 2) The numerical system concerning God emphasises that He is perfect and has full authority over the other 4 kings.
Sposoby wykorzystywania Pisma Świętego w nauczaniu katechetycznym Cyryla Jerozolimskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Opolski, Wydział Teologiczny, Widok Norbert
Published: April 2024

Cyril of Jerusalem (died 386) is among the significant witnesses in the process of spreading the Good News in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. In Jerusalem, he initiated a series of catechumenal catechesis in which he expounded the doctrine of the faith on the basis of the so-called Jerusalem symbol. He commented on and justified the various truths of faith with biblical texts. The submitted article describes Cyril’s ways of using the sacred books in his evangelistic teaching to candidates for baptism. The various methods of using biblical statements are supported by numerous quotations taken from his catechesis. The biblical statements cited are diverse in their subjunctive content, which thus accounts for the different methods of showing the listeners the richness contained in Scripture. This multifaceted application of biblical content further testifies to the pedagogical abilities of the Bishop of Jerusalem.
A Novel Isotopic Technique to Distinguish Nitrogen Source in Downhole Sampling of Natural Gas
Authors: Alrowaie Mohammad A. , Lu Feng H. , Mahmoud Derar I. , Sequeira Daryl S.
Published: April 2024

Understanding the origin of non-hydrocarbons in natural gases is crucial in the exploration and production cycle. High nitrogen (N2) contents are occasionally observed during bottom-hole samples collection. A novel geochemical approach, including gas compositions, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, was used to assess the origin of high N2 content collected from several bottom-hole samples. The results suggest that the measured samples are likely to be contaminated from the pressurized N2 cylinder used for gas lifting and sampling. The values of the nitrogen isotopic compositions (δ15N) of the analyzed samples with high N2 concentrations are similar to the pressurized N2 cylinder used for gas lifting and sampling. The contamination in pressurized N2 compensated cylinder is due to N2 leakage from the N2 side to the sample side of the chamber while conducting downhole fluid sampling. Our mass-balance calculation suggests that the contamination percentages (i.e., amount of leaked N2) from the pressurized N2 cylinder into the samples is up to 70 mol%. One of the major causes of high N2 content in natural gas is the occurrence of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The measured chemical and carbon isotopic compositions of the hydrocarbons indicate the absence of thermochemical sulfate reduction in the analyzed samples. The findings of this study provide geochemical evidence that help to solve problems while sampling and reducing the investment risks encountered with high N2 content during exploration and production cycles.
Sources, toxicity and bioaccumulation of rare earths in the environment: review
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Olkova A. S. , Sysolyatina M. A. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: April 2024

The anthropogenic part of the rare earth elements (REE) cycle is becoming increasingly noticeable due to its increasing mining, using, accumulating in wastes. The aim of the work is to summarize current scientific data of the REE effect on living organisms in different habitats, including the mechanisms and specificity of their action, as well as bioaccumulation. Both REE’s natural geochemical anomalies and anthropogenic polluted zones are known. The REE soil accumulation in industrial areas is up to 2.3 µg/kg; in urban snow the REE content varies from 0.411 µg/kg to 1.463 µg/kg. The REE negative molecular mechanism provokes oxidative stress; the latter can be expressed as stimulation of vital functions at low doses of toxicants, and as inhibition of organisms with increasing concentrations. The REE toxic concentrations depends on the chemical element nature, as well as on set of environmental factors and the exposure target, but they are often 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than those of heavy metals. In the early 21th century, this served as a basis to consider REEs environmentally safety. But many sublethal and delayed effects of REEs including endocrine disorders and negative effects on the breeding potential of populations have now been shown. The complexity of REEs study is due to additive, antagonistic, or synergistic effects of their mixtures and combinations with other elements. Thus, a comprehensive study of rare earth elements remains an urgent task with preventive environmental importance. The vulnerable species identification, REEs delayed effects and the REEs co-action with other substances are the most promising scientific issues.
Ultrastructure of forest-forming conifers ectomycorrhyzas in the middle taiga subzone
Authors:   Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Plyusnina S. N.
Published: April 2024

Mycorrhiza are symbiotic formations of fungus and roots and are the main organs of nutrient uptake by land plants. The formation of ectomycorrhizae allows trees to dominate the vegetation cover of the boreal zone. Pinus sylvestris L., Picea obovata Ledeb. и Abies sibirica Ledeb. are forest-forming conifers of the Komi Republic. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the fungal sheath of mycorrhiza is most developed in A. sibirica. The Hartig net in all studied trees extends deep into the primary cortex to the endodermis. Glycogen accumulates in the cytoplasm and polyphosphate-containing granules (volutin) in the vacuoles of young fungal cells. Starch accumulates in the cells of primary cortex and central cylinder of young ectomycorrhizae. Reserve substances disappear in the sheath and the Hartig net as the mycorrhiza ages, and starch can remain in the central cylinder. A stable presence of reserve substances was noted at the beginning and in the middle of the growing season. There is an active growth of sucking roots and the formation of ectomycorrhizae during this period in the middle taiga subzone. The occurrence of glycogen and polyphosphate-containing granules in fungal cells is reduced in the autumn period. This is due to a decrease in the intensity of growth processes and the prevalence of physiologically inactive mycorrhizal endings. The starch decrease in the amyloplasts of the primary cortex cells and the central cylinder of ectomycorrhizae is associated with a seasonal decrease in its content in all tree organs, preparation of the plant for the season with low temperatures.
Basidial fungal polysaccharides increase the quality of bovine reproductive cells when frozen
Authors:   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Polezhaeva T. V. , Solomina O. N. ,   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Khudyakov A. N. ,   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Shirokikh А. А. ,   Federal Agricultural Research Center of North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky, Popyvanov D. V. ,   Federal Agricultural Research Center of North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky, Sergushkina M. I. ,   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Zaitseva O. O. ,   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Shirokikh I. G. ,   Federal Agricultural Research Center of North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky
Published: April 2024

The global decline in the animal and plant species diversity is among the key environmental problems of the modern world. One possible way to solve this problem is to develop advanced reproductive technologies using gametes to restore genetic diversity. Cryobanks play an important role in this. The traditional method of long-term storage of reproductive cells is their cryopreservation at –196оC using cryoprotective media based on synthesized substances (glycerin, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.). The reason for searching new effective substitutes is cytotoxicity, impaired fertility and other disadvantages when using traditional cryoprotectors. In addition, it is relevant to expand the temperature range of biomaterial storage, in particular using the conditions of electric freezers. The wide range of biological effects of polysaccharides of basidiomycetes allowed us to make an assumption about the effectiveness of their use in the composition of the medium for cell cryopreservation. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of the effectiveness of polysaccharides of xylotrophic basidiomycetes in the composition of the medium for storage of the Holstein bull semen. The semen was frozen to –5оC and storaged at the specified temperature for 7 days in AndroMed® (Minitübe, Germany) – certified extender for freezing the semen of bulls and other ruminants. Additional introduction into its composition of polysaccharides from the basidiomycetes Hericium erinaceus BP16 / Ganoderma applanatum GA significantly improves the quality of reproductive cells in the used cryopreservation technology.
Assessment of the soil and vegetation cover condition of the river basin based on remote sensing data
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov, Shutov P. S. , Trifonova T. A. ,   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mishchenko N. V. ,   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov
Published: April 2024

The aim of this work was to summarize the studies devoted to the soil and vegetation cover assessment of the river basin on the example of the Klyazma River catchment using remote data for a 17-year period. The remote data from the MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Land Cover, Landsat ETM+ and Meteor with different spatial resolutions were used in the work. The assessment of land use structure dynamics was carried out for the Klyazma River basin as a whole, as well as for individual landscapes. According to MODIS data there is a common trend towards an increase (about 9%) in the area of forest vegetation and a decrease in arable land and pastures for most of the basin. The exception is the interfluve of the Lukh River, where there is a decrease in forest lands and their transition to wetlands. Different landscapes of the Klyazma Rivers basin vary in both the rate and intensity of organic matter accumulation in the form of gross and net primary production as well as respond differently to climatic changes and land use change. However, the unified ecosystem of an entire river basin is more stable compared to its constituent landscapes. The remote sensing data allowed us to establish that the deep valley of the Rpen River (a tributary of the Klyazma River) forms an air flow that carries atmospheric pollution out of the Vladimir industrial zone.
Soil monitoring in the area of hazardous industrial waste disposal facilities
Authors:   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dabakh E. V. , Ashikhmina T. Ya. ,   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Vyatka State University, Kantor G. Ya. ,   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Vyatka State University, Timonov A. S. ,   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Vyatka State University, Domnina Е. А. ,   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Vyatka State University
Published: April 2024

The article provides proposals for organizing and conducting soil monitoring in the vicinity of the enterprise for recycling waste of I and II hazard class. Ecotechnopark “Mirny” is organized in the Kirov region on the basis of the former chemical weapons destruction facility. We propose a list of indicators, controlled in soils, based on information on the composition of emissions, requirements of regulatory documents, results of engineering and environmental surveys and environmental impact assessments. A soil monitoring network was recommended, including 14 sites located in different biocenoses in accordance with the wind rose and terrain features, which is coordinated with the air and vegetation monitoring network. The developed monitoring regulations provide for different frequency of soil sampling and analysis for various indicators depending on the technological process, composition of emissions at each stage, and provides for soil survey immediately before the start of operation of the facility. This survey will allow us to assess the natural-anthropogenic background and subsequently assess the level of environmental impact by accumulative trend in the content of pollutants. This approach seems relevant in a high soil cover complexity, remoteness of protected areas, construction of the object on previously developed territories, and contradictory and incomplete information about the regional background. Annually soil sampling from the upper layers of soil seems advisable. If contamination of the upper horizon is detected, soil samples from the underlying layers should be analyzed to determine the depth of contamination. It is especially important when groundwater is close to the ground.
Photodegradation of polylactide with phenol and aniline terpene derivatives additives
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Belyy V. A. , Kuzivanov I. M. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Fedorova I. V. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Shumova O. A. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Tropnikov E. M. ,   Institute of Geology of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Istomina E. I. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Chukicheva I. Yu. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Kuchin A. V. ,   Institute of Chemistry of FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the development of new photostabilizers of polylactide, a polymer that is an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil-based polymers. The new photostabilizers are designed to extend the life of products when exposed to ultraviolet radiation and maintain the performance of the polymer when recycled. Photostabilizers 2-isobor-nylphenol and N-para-mentenaniline were obtained while the available natural monoterpene camphene alkylation of phenol or aniline. Irradiation of polylactide samples with a photostabilizer was carried out by radiation with 253,7 nm wavelength for 4 h. The effectiveness of the photostabilizer was evaluated on the basis of IR spectrometric data, as well as by scanning electron microscopy and simultaneous thermal analysis. The introduction of each of the selected stabilizers at the concentration of 0.05% by weight resulted in the protection of ester bonds between the monomer units of the polymer. However, 2-isobornylphenol was more effective. The IR spectra analysis of the irradiated samples revealed a 15% decrease in the absorption intensity of the characteristic bands of the ester groups in the sample with 2-isobornyl-phenol, 46% in the sample with N-para-mentenaniline, and 50% in the sample without stabilizer addition. Thus, the use of 2-isobornylphenol as a photoprotective additive will extend the service life of polylactide plastic products under exposure to aggressive UV-C radiation. The protection of polylactide from UV radiation opens up prospects for expanding the areas of application of polylactide, a polymer synthesized from renewable raw materials.
The role of the oxidation processes in toxigenization of the nature water after the public utility accident
Authors:   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Shishkina L. N. , Povkh A. Yu. ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Shvydkiy V. O. ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

As known, the lipid peroxidation processes play an important role in regulation of the metabolism in the biological system of varying complexity. Besides, it is shown that the state of the physicochemical regulatory system of the lipid peroxidation is a base for the ecological monitoring, and the disruptions in the redox-state of the natural water is due to a development of its toxic properties. However, the status of lipid peroxidation process after the public utility accident is poorly studied. The aim of this work was to study dynamics of the lipid composition and its physicochemical properties in samples of the Dubna River water after the accident with sewer in Verbilki (June 2020) to assess their role in toxigenization of the nature water. The low content of hydrophobic compounds and no phospholipids identified in the natural water before the accident. Five days after the accident, the content of the hydrophobic compound was 8.4 times higher than the initial value. Within 9 days after the accident, the phospholipids in water samples are predominantly in the easily oxidizable fractions. These data are confirmed by UV-spectrophotometry and TLC methods. The data obtained and the literature analysis allow us to conclude that a significant increase in the content of hydrophobic compounds (including ketodienes and fat acids) with pronounced toxic properties and lytic effect on biological membranes causes toxigenization of natural water.
Phenology of the spawning migration start dates of anuran amphibians (Anura, Amphibia) in the river valleys of Saratov Right Bank region
Authors:   Saratov State University, Yermokhin M. V. , Tabachishin V. G. ,   Saratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The intra-century dynamics of the spawning migrations start of the three most numerous species of anuran amphibians (Pelobates vespertinus, Bombina bombina and Pelophylax ridibundus) was analyzed. Local populations of the above anurans in the valley of the middle course of the Medveditsa River (Don Basin, Saratov region) were the object of the study. From 1892 to 2023 the phenological norm of this phase of the annual cycle shifted to earlier dates by an average of 7 days for each species in a climate warming. By 2023, the henological norm of the spawning migration start of P. vespertinus, B. bombina and P. ridibundus was April 14, April 21, and April 22, respectively. In addition, the change rate of this phenological parameter in the model species was similar as well, about 8 days/100 years. The absolute value of the phenological norm change, as well as the rate of its transformation, is comparable among the three species of anuran amphibians, despite any differences in their thermobiological characteristics. The early snow clearence in the Northern Lower Volga region may be one of the reasons for shifting the start dates of amphibian spawning migrations to earlier dates. The continued phenological changes in the spring phase of the annual cycle require continued monitoring of this process. This will allow forming scientifically based forecasts of local population dynamics in the future. Possible consequences of this transformation of the spring phenology of anuran amphibians are increased probability of metamorph survival in low water availability in the floodplain, and spawning migration development in the false spring scenario and susceptibility to return cold weather. This is discussed in relation to the changes identified.
Self-purification of atmospheric air from dust particles in a coastal marine climate
Authors:   Vladivostok department of the Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration” – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Restorative Treatmen, Veremchuk L. V. , Vitkina T. I. ,   Vladivostok department of the Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration” – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Restorative Treatmen, Barskova L. S ,   Vladivostok department of the Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration” – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Restorative Treatmen
Published: April 2024

The intensity of air pollution depends on the characteristics of pollution sources, distance from the sea, terrain, density of residential buildings and the presence of a green zone. The influence of climatic conditions on the distribution of suspended particulate matter in the atmospheric surface layer of Vladivostok was studied. The aim of the study was to determine the particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter in the atmospheric surface layer and to assess the conditions for self-purification of urban air under the influence of the coastal maritime climate. The assessment of the urban air pollution with suspended particulate matter was carried out in two areas with different levels of pollution. The human breathing zone was examined. The temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and speed at sampling points were determined. We used monitoring of meteorological data (dew point, wind gusts, clouds, fog) from the nearest regional meteorological stations. Statistical processing included the “Canonical Analysis” module. In the polluted area of the city the atmospheric circulation (direction, speed and gusts of wind) greatly affect the distribution of fine-dispersed particles (2.5–10.0 µm) that are hazardous to health. The impact of temperature and humidity conditions is reduced in power. The temperature and humidity regime, atmospheric pressure, cloudiness with frequent fog affect the ultrafine dust spectrum in the slightly polluted island area of the city. The above factors contribute to the enhancement of the nanoparticle nucleation process. Self-purification of the air surface layer from dust particles in both polluted and slightly polluted areas of Vladivostok is associated with the southerly winds. The monsoon maritime climate defines the air purifying in the region. The temperature and humidity regime actively affects the dust disperse composition in both sampling sites. In the island area of the city it determines the content of particles up to 10 µm; in the continental area – fractions of 0.1–50.0 µm.
The effect of nitrapyrin on microbiota and emissions of greenhouse gas from livestock by-products
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Syrchina N. V. , Pilip L. V. ,   Vyatka State Agrotechnological University, Ashikhmina T. Ya. ,   Vyatka State University,   Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The livestock by-products (LBP) using as fertilizers are characterized by such unfavorable environmental characteristics as emissions of greenhouse gases (N2O, CO2, CH4) and the presence of a specific microbiota leading to soil and water biological contamination. The waste processing by nitrapyrin reduces the negative environmental impact of LBP. Currently, nitrapyrin is used as a nitrogen fertilizer stabilizer that reduces nitrogen losses by direct inhibition of soil microorganisms (MO) oxidizing ammonium nitrogen to nitrate. It was found that 0.05 g/L nitrapyrin application to the liquid pig manure effluents decreases the CH4 and CO2 emissions, as well as the species diversity and the number of opportunistic pathogens that promote the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes into natural environments. The number of such MO as Klebsiella sp., Proteus spp., Bacteroides sp., Pseudomonas spp., Candida sp. decreased by 2–4 orders of magnitude due to nitrapyrin. Only anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridium and aerobic mold fungi of the genus Aspergillus showed the resistance to the appropriate reagent, the number of the above MO remained almost unchanged in the nitrapyrin variants. The most significant decrease in CO2 emission (2–5 times compared to control) was observed in the first 3–4 days after the nitrapyrin application. The CH4 emission in nitrapyrin variants was lower than in the control during the whole observation period (13 days). The obtained experimental data can be used in the development of reagent formulations to improve microbiological characteristics and to reduce greenhouse gases emission from manure collection systems of livestock enterprises.