bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of financing decisions and management implications: evidence from Spanish agricultural cooperatives
Authors: Mateos-Ronco Alicia , Guzmán-Asunción Sandra
Published: May 2018

The unique characteristics of agricultural cooperatives are likely to affect the availability of the funding they can access. This paper analyses the determining factors behind the financing decisions made in these cooperatives, and the management and organisational implications these decisions have for these entities. Financial information obtained from a sample of 106 Spanish agricultural cooperatives was used to calculate the variables that modelled the research hypotheses, which were then introduced into regression models to determine which ones had a significant effect on their financing decisions. According to the economic theory of cooperativism, the results show that these entities come closer to the pecking order theory, i.e. policies that maximise the prices received by members to the detriment of the entity’s self-financing abilities, coupled with restrictions on cooperatives’ equity capital that may lead them to use debt to fund growth. The results also show positive relationships between cooperatives’ indebtedness and other factors, such as investments in non-current assets, liquidity and cooperative size in terms of turnover per member.
Two kinds of the reverse Hardy-type integral inequalities with the equivalent forms related to the extended Riemann zeta function
Authors: Rassias Michael , Yang Bicheng , Raigorodskii Andrei
Published: May 2018

Applying techniques of real analysis and weight functions, we study some equivalent conditions of two kinds of the reverse Hardy-type integral inequalities with a particular nonhomogeneous kernel. The constant factors are related to the Riemann zeta function and are proved to be best possible. In the form of applications, we deduce a few equivalent conditions of two kinds of the reverse Hardy-type integral inequalities with a particular homogeneous kernel. We also consider some corollaries as particular cases.
Formulation of medium for bactericides biosynthesis using wild type Streptomyces sp.
Authors: Velickovic Tatjana , Roncevic Zorana , Grahovac Jovana , Jokic Aleksandar , Mitrovic Ivana , Bajic Bojana , Dodic Jelena
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was formulation of medium for the production of bactericide effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using Streptomyces sp. isolated from the soil. Biosynthesis of antibacterial compounds was performed on media prepared in accordance with Box-Behnken design with three factors on three levels and three repetitions in the central point where the contents of the carbon source (10.0-50.0 g/L), soybean meal (5.0-25.0 g/L) and phosphates (0.5-2.5 g/L) were varied. Fructose, lactose, sucrose, starch and glycerol were used as carbon sources. Since the cultivation broths showed activity only against Staphylococcus aureus, the values of inhibition zone diameters for this microorganism were statistically processed using response surface methodology and desirability function approach in order to optimize relations of varied nutrients. Media with glucose were not used in these experiments, but the mathematical model defined in previous research was applied for optimization. The developed models predict that optimal concentrations of carbon source, soybean meal and phosphates are about 10.0, 5.0 and 0.5 g/L, respectively, except in the lactose-containing medium, where the optimal phosphate content is 0.9 g/L. Performing the bioprocess in optimal media, the maximum inhibition zone diameter against Staphylococcus aureus was formed by the medium with fructose (34.5 mm).
Reflections on the Transition from Practice to Academia … the Nuts and Bolts
Authors: Showalter D. Scott
Published: May 2018

This paper builds on the self-reflections reported earlier by David E. Stout about what he has learned (thus far) about being an accounting academic (Stout 2016). As the title implies, this paper describes how I prepared for a second career as an academic, what I learned during my important first year as an academic, how I moved forward to expand my academic career, and some of the similarities and differences I found between academia and practice. To summarize my insights and recommendations, I include “What Did I Learn?” sections throughout the paper, hopefully providing a “few nuggets” for those considering the transition from practice to an academic career. The paper complements other recent papers in this area by focusing on one way a practitioner managed the journey from a rewarding career in the accounting profession to a successful career (debatable) in the academy. The contents of this paper may be of interest to those practitioners considering joining the academy after a career in the accounting profession or to those who recently became an academic. My desire is to encourage practitioners to join the academy, to provide insights to help them make an informed decision, and to assist them in their transition.
In vitro evaluation of frictional force of a novel elastic bendable orthodontic wire
Authors: Takada Megumi , Nakajima Akira , Kuroda Shingo , Horiuchi Shinya , Shimizu Noriyoshi , Tanaka Eiji
Published: May 2018

Objectives:

To determine the frictional force (FF) of the novel, elastic, bendable titanium-niobium (Ti-Nb) alloy orthodontic wire in stainless steel (SS) brackets and to compare it with those of titanium-nickel (Ti-Ni) and titanium-molybdenum (Ti-Mo) alloy wires.

Materials and Methods:

Three sizes of Ti-Nb, Ti-Ni, and Ti-Mo alloy wires were ligated with elastic modules to 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch SS brackets. The dynamic FFs between the orthodontic wires and SS brackets were measured at three bracket-wire angles (0°, 5°, and 10°) with an Instron 5567 loading apparatus (Canton, Mass).

Results:

FFs increased gradually with the angle and wire size. In the 0.018-inch-slot bracket, the dynamic FFs of Ti-Nb and Ti-Ni alloy wires were almost the same, and those of the Ti-Mo alloy wire were significantly greater (P<0.05). FF values were 1.5–2 times greater in the 0.022-inch-slot bracket than in the 0.018-inch-slot bracket, regardless of alloy wire type, and the Ti-Mo alloy wire showed the greatest FF. Scanning electric microscopic images showed that the surface of the Ti-Mo alloy wire was much rougher than that of the Ti-Ni and Ti-Nb alloy wires.

Conclusion:

These findings demonstrate that the Ti-Nb alloy wire has almost the same frictional resistance as the Ti-Ni alloy wire, although it has a higher elastic modulus.
Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management From Emerging Adulthood Through Older Adulthood
Authors: McCarthy Margaret M. , Grey Margaret
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study of adults with type 1 diabetes was to analyze patterns of diabetes self-management behaviors and predictors of glycemic control across the adult life span.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This study was a secondary cross-sectional analysis of data of 7,153 adults enrolled in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry who were divided into four developmental stages (emerging, young, middle-aged, and older adults). Data were collected by questionnaire and medical record review at enrollment. Statistical analyses compared sociodemographic, clinical, and diabetes-related factors across groups. Logistic regressions were conducted for each group to identify factors associated with hemoglobin A1c ≥7%.

RESULTS

The sample was divided according to adult developmental stage: emerging adults, age 18 to <25 years (n = 2,478 [35%]); young adults, age 25 to <45 years (n = 2,274 [32%]); middle-aged adults, age 45 to <65 years (n = 1,868 [26%]); and older adults, age ≥65 years (n = 533 [7%]). Emerging adults had the highest mean hemoglobin A1c level (8.4 ± 1.7% [68 mmol/mol]), whereas older adults had the lowest level (7.3 ± 0.97% [56 mmol/mol]; P < 0.0001). Emerging adults were less likely to use an insulin pump (56%) or a continuous glucose monitor (7%) but were more likely to miss at least one insulin dose per day (3%) and to have had an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis in the past year (7%) (all P < 0.0001). Different factors were associated with hemoglobin A1c ≥7% in each age-group, but two factors were noted across several groups: the frequency of blood glucose checks and missed insulin doses.

CONCLUSIONS

When discussing diabetes self-management, providers may consider a patient’s developmental stage, with its competing demands (such as work and family), psychosocial adjustments, and the potential burden of comorbidities.
A Constraint-Led Approach to Coaching and Teaching Games: Can going back to the future solve the «they need the basics before they can play a game» argument?
Authors: Renshaw Ian , Moy Brendan
Published: May 2018

Despite the continued popularity of Games Centred Approaches with tertiary level academics, the take-up by practitioners has been limited. In a recent survey of entry level HPE students undertaken at our university, 95% reported that they had received a predominantly traditional experience in school physical education lessons. This finding is in line with a common response when we engage with practitioners who strongly advocate the need for games players to learn the basics before they can play a game. In this paper we will present concepts and practical exemplars demonstrating a Constraint-Led Approach (CLA) to games teaching and coaching. We will show that adopting a CLA has the potential to provide practitioners with the tools to address this significant barrier and potentially enhance the adoption of games-based approaches. We will argue that the technique-tactics dichotomy is a redundant framework as the intentions and actions of learners is a function of their current action capabilities. However, we will also propose that games-based practitioners need to develop pedagogical practices that initially develop intra-individual-environment co-ordination before moving onto a more traditional focus on inter-individual-environment co-ordination (i.e., how teams organise to solve games-based problems). A key focus will be on the need to consider the mutuality of the individual and the environment and how backyard games allied to CLA methods can help practitioners design better games based programmes that will meet the needs of all games players irrespective of age or ability level.
Implementing Sport, Physical Activity and Physical Education in New South Wales, Australia, primary schools
Authors: Evans John R. , Curry Christina
Published: May 2018

A renewed focus on Physical Education in New South Wales primary schools has the potential to act as an intervention that has positive long-term implications for the whole population. The introduction of physical education (PE) as part of the National Curriculum means the role of PE in Australian primary schools is now open for renewed attention. The rise of an international obesity epidemic means that that the role of PE in primary schools has the potential to make a positive impact on public health outcomes. There could be significant long term savings from well-organized PE programs in primary schools delivered by teaching staff educated in quality physical education. In addition there is also an historical and emerging body of research which links physical activity to academic performance. However not all teachers in primary schools have the skills or life experiences to effectively teach PE. In order to achieve these outcomes we posit that the use of a Game Centered Teaching approach and the use of an underlying pedagogy have the potential to provide more meaningful experiences for students and teachers. In order to implement a Game Centered Teaching approach we advocate the use of specialist PE teachers rather than outsourcing the delivery of PE in schools.
Informing the Coaching Pedagogy of Game Modification in a Game Sense Approach with Affordance Theory
Authors: Rankin Joss , Pill Shane , Magias Terry
Published: May 2018

The Game Sense coaching approach is founded on expectations of game-based practice as the game (or game form) becomes the focus and starting point of practice. The theory of affordances, a conceptual pillar of ecological modelling of perception and action in sport leading to a constraintsled game design perspective, provides a basis for understanding the modifying and adapting games as a pedagogical emphasis of the Game Sense approach. We review affordance theory leading to a demonstrated application of constraints-led learning in Touch Football. We conclude with the proposition of constraints-led game design as a logical semantics for the game-based practice assumptions of the Game Sense approach. This paper demonstrates the potential of affordance theory as a means of analysis of the task dynamics of Touch Football to inform a Game Sense coaching perspective for the sport.
The Semantic Comprehension of Persian Endocentric and Exocentric Compounds in non-Persian Speakers
Authors: Montazeri Sara , Afkhami Ali , Kamyabi Gol Atiyeh
Published: May 2018

Semantic comprehension of Persian compound nouns in non-Persian speakers of TPSL department was investigated using a cognitive-semantics approach. Regarding the semantic relationships between the bases of compound nouns, two were selected based on presence or lack of semantic head. Then, sufficient data were collected from different texts through a desk research method to make a frequency dictionary of endocentric and exocentric compound nouns based on the knowledge level of students. A definition-word pairing test was then selected and most frequent compound nouns (24 compound nouns) were identified and used for the test, developed and run in the form of an application for smart phones by an application developer and participants were provided with it. Overall, 888 data were collected from the test results and analyzed using standard statistical tests suggesting that due to presence of semantic head in endocentric compounds, speed and level of comprehending them was higher than exocentric compounds; moreover, a correlational relationship between comprehension of these compounds was identified. Therefore, the relationship between components of endocentric compounds was understood faster than exocentric compounds. Thus, applicability of CARIN theory was verified.
Functional moments estimators analysis by the Monte-Carlo method for model of mixture with varying concentrations
Authors: Oksana Kubaychuk
Published: May 2018

The functional moments estimation by the sample from the mixture with varying concentrations is studied. The problem of efficiency the simple linear estimator with fixed weight against the adaptive or improved estimators with random weight is considered. By the Monte-Carlo method it is shown that simple linear estimator is better for small sample sizes, but for large samples the adaptive and improved estimators are more efficient.
On norms of composition operators on weighted hardy spaces
Authors: Shammaky Amenah Essa , Dalal Sumitra
Published: May 2018

The computation of composition operator on Hardy spaces is very hard. In this paper we propose  a  norm of a bounded composition operator on weighted Hardy spaces H2(b) induced by a disc  automorphism by embedding  the classical Hardy space . The estimate obtained is accurate in the sense that it provides the exact norm for particular instances of the sequence b. As an application of our results, an estimate for the norm of any bounded composition operator on H2(b) is obtained.
Markov Stochastic Processes in Biology and Mathematics -- the Same, and yet Different
Authors: SOKO MI lOS lAWA
Published: May 2018

Virtually every biological model utilising a random number generator is a Markov stochastic process. Numerical simulations of such processes are performed using stochastic or intensity matrices or kernels. Biologists, however, define stochastic processes in a slightly different way to how mathematicians typically do. A discrete-time discrete-value stochastic process may be defined by a function p : X0 Ã— X â†’ {f : Î¥ â†’ [0, 1]}, where X is a set of states, X0 is a bounded subset of X, Î¥ is a subset of integers (here associated with discrete time), where the function p satisfies 0 < p(x, y)(t) < 1 and  EY p(x, y)(t) = 1. This definition generalizes a stochastic matrix. Although X0 is bounded, X may include every possible state and is often infinite. By interrupting the process whenever the state transitions into the X âˆ’X0 set, Markov stochastic processes defined this way may have non-quadratic stochastic matrices. Similar principle applies to intensity matrices, stochastic and intensity kernels resulting from considering many biological models as Markov stochastic processes. Class of such processes has important properties when considered from a point of view of theoretical mathematics. In particular, every process from this class may be simulated (hence they all exist in a physical sense) and has a well-defined probabilistic space associated with it.
Generalized Fibonacci Numbers and Music
Authors: Shannon Anthony G , Klamka Irina , Gend Robert van
Published: May 2018

Mathematics and music have well documented historical connections. Just as the ordinary Fibonacci numbers have links with the golden ratio, this paper considers generalized Fibonacci numbers developed from generalizations of the golden ratio. It is well known that the Fibonacci sequence of numbers underlie certain musical intervals and compositions but to what extent are these connections accidental or structural, coincidental or natural and do generalized Fibonacci numbers share any of these connections?
Best Quadratic unbiased Estimator for Variance Component of One-Way Repeated Measurement Model
Authors: AL-Mouel Abdulhussein Saber , Ali Jasim Mohammed
Published: May 2018

The studies of analysis of variance components is one of the important topics in mathematical statistics for this subject of wide application. In this paper given best quadratic unbiased estimator of variance components for balanced data for linear one-way repeated measurement model (RMM). We computed the quadratic unbiased estimator, which has minimum variance (best quadratic unbiased estimate (BQUE)) by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) method of estimating the variance components.
Measuring Time
Authors: Self Sydney Baldwin
Published: May 2018

The speed of light is an absolute, the measurement of the speed of light is not an absolute.

According to Special Relativity, the rate at which a clock ticks is a function of the speed at which it is travelling through space; the faster the speed, the slower the rate. This is called time dilation.

Time dilation is a function of the speed of an object through space. The faster an object is travelling the greater the time dilation.

Because of time dilation, we are unable to measure the absolute speed of an object through space.

We do not actually measure time. Instead we have instruments which measure the physical characteristics of instruments which are affected by time.  We then interpret these physical characteristics and this interpretation becomes our measurement of time.

Our body is one of the instruments we use to measure time, but we also use various clocks.

Time is not a characteristic of the universe; it is a construct which can be defined to have any value we choose.

If we could establish a stationary point in space, it would be possible to:

measure the absolute speed of light.

measure the absolute speed through space of any moving object.

establish a clock for absolute time.

It might be theoretically possible to establish such a point, as follows:

Assume a space station, located at a Lagrange point.

Modify the speed of the space station through space for the x, y and z axes to maximize the speed of light.

The location of the space station when the speed of light was maximized would be at a stationary point in space.
Newly discovered Topological Insulator Sr3SnO for Spintronics, Optical and Electronic properties
Authors: Amrane N. , Adnan Moh'd Rasha W. , Lucman Juwayni , Safieh Faris Mahmoud , Benkraouda Maamar
Published: May 2018

A theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of dilute magnetic semiconductor Sr3SnO is presented, using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The Perdew Burke Ernzerhof (GGA08) (generalized gradient approximation) is used for the total energy calculations, while the Modified Beckeâ€“Johnson (MBJ) is used for electronic structure calculations since this functional was designed to reproduce as well as possible the exact exchange correlation potential rather than the total energy, and as a result gives significantly improved results such as band gap and electronic structure. In this study, we have investigated the optical properties by means of first-principles density-functional total-energy calculation using the all-electron full potential linear augmented plane-wave method (FPLAPW).
Synthesis and optimization of Novel Chitosan/Cellulose Acetate Natural Polymer Membrane for water treatment
Authors: Kamal M. , Abdelrazek E.M. , Sellow N.M. , Abdelghany A.M.
Published: May 2018

Chitosan (Ch) and Cellulose Acetate (CA) natural polymer in addition to other samples with different mass fractions of Chitosan/Cellulose Acetate (Ch/CA) were synthesized via simple casting route. Prepared samples were studied using FT-IR and UV/vis spectroscopic techniques. Structural variations due to the process of blending were retraced using X-ray diffraction data (XRD) and morphological investigation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Obtained spectral data reveals compatibility and complexation between polymer constituents identified through presence of polymer characteristic peaks with small variation in both intensity and position along with change in the value of optical energy gap from UV optical absorption spectral data. XRD pattern indicate the semicrystalline nature of the studied sample with an observable change in the crystallinity. Moreover, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) micrographs reveals homogenous structure without any evidence for agglomerations nearly in all compositions.
Performance Dependence of (I-V) and (C-V) for Solar Cells on Environmental Conditions
Authors: El-Maksood A. M. Abd
Published: May 2018

The present paper is a trial to shed further light on the dependence performance of mono-crystalline silicon solar cell (photovoltaic cell) on the environmental conditions. In this concern, the static (I-V) and dynamic (C-V) characteristics measurement were studied in details under the effect of illumination type, intensity and wavelength, as well temperature on the physical and electrical parameters of solar cell. The dependence of cell parameters- extracted from (I-V) characteristic curves- open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), fill-factor (FF), conversion efficiency (Î·) as well the series -and shunt-resistances (Rs and Rsh), on the intensity has been investigated for a wide illumination intensity range 1.0 - 70 mW/cm2. It was observed that, for illumination levels higher than 10 klux, the values of Voc, Rsh, FF and efficiency were shown to be saturated. Isc was shown to be increased linearly, while Rs decreased exponentially as a function of illumination level. On the other hand, considering the dynamic characteristics (C-V), a detailed study was carried out for solar cells biased on both the forward - and reverse modes at frequency range of 20 kHz - 140 kHz and different illumination - levels. From which, the barrier potential (Vbi) and doping (charge carrier) concentration (Na) were determined. Besides, the influence of temperature within the range from 30 up to 110 oC on both the static and dynamic characteristics was tested. From which, it is clear that Voc, maximum powers (Pmax), FF, Î· of the sample were shown to be temperature decreasing functions. Moreover, Isc has a feeble increasing temperature coefficient. Finally, the solar cell capacitance (C) and dissipation factor (D) rise with rising temperature in both bias voltage conditions, while, impedance (Z), quality factor (Q), and phase angle (Ï†) reduce with rising temperature.
Carica Papaya; A Paired and Alternative Therapy of Dengue Fever
Authors: Nesar Shagufta , Omer Kiran Rafiq , Rizvi Sarwat , Ali Aatka , Mumtaz Tayyaba , Ali Usmani Mohammad Shair
Published: May 2018

The purpose f the study is to explore the prospective use of Carica papaya leaves extracts for Dengue fever that is a painful, debilitating mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue viruses. An estimated 390 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. It has been found at height in developing nations like India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Mostly tropical areas have been reported infected. The disease is transmitted by an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus; interestingly it is not transferred from person to person. Symptoms are mild to serious  including hemorrhagic fever; a rare complication characterized by high fever, damage to lymph and blood vessels, bleeding from the nose and gums, enlargement of the liver, and failure of the circulatory system and it can cause the death. All the symptoms of disease are due to low platelets count that may become very low if not managed. Consequently the research reveals that juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae help to increase the platelet levels. The present review is done to enlighten the theory of the management of dengue through this alternative therapy that can be implement along with conventional treatment. The covered researches in present study would raise and support the possibility of being, the remedy and significant alternative in the prospect.
Political participation of the chinese youth in market economy and implication on communist youth league
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: May 2018

Political participation entails citizensâ€™ engagement to exert influence on the political process and policies in a desired direction. Therein, participation of the youth has significance as a transient yet constantly receiving community with potential to shape the course of history in any society. The activities and functions of youth organizations have been pivotal in effecting changes in the twentieth century Asian socio-political and economic realms. Under the similar circumstances, the Peopleâ€™s Republic of China appears to be continuously evolving its social, economic, political and cultural regimes in response to the fluctuating demands of the citizens and the youth. This Essay fathoms changes in political participations of the youth in China, its implication on the Communist Youth League and how the Communist Youth League responds in the era of Market Economy.
The School Culture in Demystifying The â€œFailure Syndromeâ€ In A Kenyan High School
Authors: Changâ€™ach John Koskey
Published: May 2018

The issue that this study addresses is to find out why students in D classes (form one D; two D; three D and four D) historically perform poorly in class and eventually in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) compared to other classes in the school. To address this problem, the purpose of this study will be to discover why this particular stream historically performs dismally. To gather data, a questionnaire was administered to 52 students. The questionnaires were coded and analyzed. This data lead to the following five themes: school administrative support, self-efficacy, teachers, the other streams of students and parent involvement. These themes will be useful for understanding why this group of students performs poorly.
PENGARUH PURSED LIPS BREATHING TERHADAP PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE PENDERITA PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIS
Authors: Suprayitno Emdat
Published: May 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a public health problem. Shortness of breath is a major problem on patient COPD. The shortness of breath caused decrease of PEF value. The intervention can be done to patients COPD is pursed lips breathing exercise.

The method of this research was true experiment, pretest-posttest design with control group involving 30 respondents with random sampling. Treatment group were 15 respondents that provided PLB exercise three times a week for 4 weeks. Control group were 15 respondents that only getting standard treatment from the hospital. Data analysis was performed with paired t test test and independent t test.

The results of paired t test on PEF value are p=0.000 for intervention group and p=0.334 for control groups. The result of independent t test in intervention and control groups PEF value p= 0.000.

There was influence pursed lips breathing exercise to increased PEF value. There was difference PEF value on treatment group and control group after pursed lips breathing exercise
Desenvolvimento e Educação: das práticas escolares da Educação Ambiental ao desenvolvimento local / Development and Education: from environmental school practices to local development
Authors: Tenório Maria Aparecida , Lima Irenilda Souza
Published: May 2018

O artigo apresenta uma análise das práticas escolares de educação ambiental e suas contribuiçõespara o desenvolvimento local, a partir dos resultados obtidos com a pesquisa qualitativa intitulada "Educação Ambiental e o Âmbito Escolar". Considera-se que cada sistema econômico, político e social tem um sistema educacional coerente com seu projeto de sociedade. No cenário investigado verificou-se por meio de observação e entrevistas semiestruturadas que, de forma geral, as práticas escolares ignoram a crise ambiental que ameaça os ecossistemas e a vida, não cumprindo, efetivamente, com a sua função social e política de formação da cidadania.O trabalho fez uma aproximação entre os campos de conhecimento: educação, desenvolvimento e políticas públicas, destacando a educação ambiental e o desenvolvimento local.
Salas de Leitura da Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo: contextualização e avaliação / Reading rooms of Education Network of the São Paulo city: contextualization and evaluation
Authors: Silva Polido Nágila Euclides da , Armada Estevão Marcos Firmino
Published: May 2018

Este artigo discute aspectos do programa de Salas de Leitura na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo, indicando o seu papel enquanto agência de formação do leitor no espaço escolar. As Sala de Leitura serão consideradas no âmbito do debate sobre as políticas públicas de incentivo à leitura e à formação de crianças e jovens leitores. Consideraremos aspectos de sua longevidade na maior rede municipal de ensino do país, apresentando elementos do seu processo de criação, desenvolvimento e manutenção no interior das unidades educacionais. Diante de sua abrangência e relevância como programa de formação de leitores e de estímulo a leitura no cotidiano escolar será apresentada a necessidade de sua avaliação. Tal discussão pode contribuir na reflexão sobre programas de incentivo à leitura no espaço escolar e acerca da formação de leitores.
Editorial
Authors: Brescia Amanda Tolomelli
Published: May 2018

Versa sobre os artigos do número 33 da revista Educação em Foco.
KLASTERING SUARA BERDASARKAN GENDER MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS DARI HASIL EKSTRAKSI FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)
Authors: Izzah Nailul
Published: May 2018

Speech recognition process is kind of applied  Technique of digital sign process that is widely used for many applications, for example technology in the field of telecommunications  which isn't  only able to provide for serving for sending text data but also it can serve for sending data using sound. From technology development of signal process emerges new idea to make application program by creating new sofware to display sound signal characteristic based on frequency and highest magnitude. Clustering is part of pattern recognition science which is made for system that can perform into a groups. In this research, the researcher will distinguish between male voice or female voice. Mechanism process uses Collecting  voice samples, then the feature extraction using  FFT  that  produce  two main  features  that is maximum  value of  frequency and maximun  value of  magnitude. After that, k-means alogarithm process is used  for grouping voice of  male clusteror  female cluster. The  result of this research uses 20 training data  and 20 testing data that will  produce 75% level of accuracy for training data and 100% for testing data.
Arguments for selecting the surgical method for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs
Authors: Igna Cornel
Published: May 2018

The investigation of specialized literature on surgical treatment options for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs (LCrC) remains a preoccupation in these conditions of information abundance. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the evidence in the literature that advocates concrete evidence in favor of/detrimental to a particular method of treating LCrC rupture in a dog.
Artificial insemination in dog – techniques and associated problems
Authors: Igna Violeta
Published: May 2018

The requirements of dog owners regarding assisted reproduction have been gradually increasing over the last period of time. Artificial insemination in dog has become a common demand in veterinary clinics nowadays. The practitioner’s knowledge of the canine reproductive physiology and pathology associated with the skills required to perform specific procedures are essential to ensure success and to avoid problems in the use of artificial insemination in dogs. The aim of this paper is to revise the current knowledge about the techniques used in artificial insemination and some problems associated to these techniques.
Clinical aspects of tumoral diseases in psittacine
Authors: Tudor Laurențiu
Published: May 2018

The taxonomy of Psittaciformes Order classifies Families such as Loriidae (Lori parrots or False parrots), Cacaduidae (parrots with crest and nymphs) and Psittacidae (true parrots and parrots). The ever-increasing desire to obtain specimens with plumage and especially a spectacular chromatics has meant in many cases reproduction by repeated inbreds and very close kinship (even repetitive generations of mother-son or father-daughter matings), causing secondary changes in the metabolism and immune system of the obtained birds, characters that were transmitted to the next generations. The breeding conditions are not always correlated with the needs of these species, in many cases the knowledge about the eco-biology of captive-grown psittacins is rather poor, which leads to an increase in their sensitivity. In recent years, we are confronted in the clinic of these bird species with extremely diverse pathologies or metabolic changes that have never been described or even observed in wild parrots. Proper diagnosis using current imaging and cyto-histological methods allows for rapid therapeutic intervention and positive results. Among the pathological problems that are difficult to diagnose and treat are tumoral diseases, often confused with a series of diseases with extremely different etiologies.
Diagnosis and therapeutic protocol in gastric ulcer syndrome in sport equine
Authors: Mircean Mircea
Published: May 2018

The interest in the study of equine gastric ulcer syndrome resides both from its negative effects on equine sport performance and from the difficulties in its diagnosis. Based on the location of the lesions, there are two distinct entities within equine gastric ulcer syndrome: equine squamous gastric disease and equine glandular gastric disease. Even though these two diseases have distinct etiopathogenesis, their clinical manifestations are similar, consisting of appetite loss, poor body conditions, bruxism, sialorrhea and abdominal pain expressed by colics of varying intensity. Therefore, the gastroscopy represents the optimal method for correctly diagnosing equine squamous gastric disease and equine glandular gastric disease, thus assuring a differentiated and efficient treatment.
Analisis Usahatani Padi Teknologi Hazton di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat (Studi Kasus: Desa Peniraman, Kecamatan Sungai Pinyuh, Kabupaten Mempawah)
Authors: Noviansyah Yudha , Bariyah Nurul
Published: May 2018

In 2015, Ministry of Agriculture through Department of Agriculture of West Kalimantan did a productivity improvement program for paddy by adopting a new farming method which called the Hazton Technology. This research aimed to 1).determine and analize worthiness of Hazton Technology farming; and 2).determine and analize factors affecting paddy productions of Hazton Technology farming. The results shows that Hazton Technology is a worth paddy farming activity with the average score of R/C ratio as much as 2.69. Seeds amount variable and farming experiences have significant effects to paddy productions, while farming field and educational level do not have any significant effects to paddy productions.
Caracterización de las empresas familiares de alimentos en la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez Restrepo Víctor José , Díaz Vargas Esperanza
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo, tiene como propósito elaborar una ficha técnica del sector alimentos de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C y su aplicación. Para el estudio se trabajó con catorce (14) empresas de familia ubicadas en diferentes sitios de la ciudad y distribuidas por actividad económica realizada a través de un muestreo por conveniencia de la siguiente manera: Una pastelería; una empresa productora de fritos; un proveedor de alimentos; una pescadería; una distribuidora internacional de alimentos; una fábrica de helados; seis restaurantes; una empresa productora de obleas y una de jugos. El tema de las empresas familiares en el ámbito del manejo del poder es además de complejo muy particular, dado que el interés de los investigadores está en conocer aspectos propios de la vida familiar empresarial como: tipo de generación al mando de la empresa; estilo de dirección de quien está en la cabeza; forma de gobierno; caracterización de la comunicación empresarial; solución y manejo de conflictos a su interior; la administración de la contabilidad y sus utilidades; estado actual frente a la jubilación; disgustos; choques y no acuerdos familiares; la orientación misma hacia el futuro, aprendizaje y perdurabilidad como empresa familiar.
Los “food trucks”: un caso llamativo de emprendimiento en Colombia
Authors: Cuevas Martín
Published: May 2018

El emprendedor está buscando constantemente nuevas opciones de negocio para crear nuevos mercados o para atender nichos del mercado abandonados. Es el caso de los Food trucks, los cuales son un nuevo concepto de negocio en el sector gastronómico, que por medio de los bajos costos y la innovación de nuevos productos quieren crear una nueva cultura gastronómica en las grandes urbes del mundo. Sin embargo, el camino no ha sido nada fácil para los propietarios de éste tipo de negocio que han tenido que enfrentar obstáculos de tipo legal que no les ha permitido obtener el crecimiento esperado en el corto plazo. En la actualidad se encuentran en una lucha constante por sobrevivir y a la espera que las entidades gubernamentales les otorguen los permisos respectivos para poder operar sin ningún tipo de problema en el espacio público.
La Educación en TIC’s: Un problema de la Educación escolar y de la Educación de la vida cotidiana
Authors: Diaz Roman Camilo
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo quiere acercarse analíticamente, a un objeto complejo de futuras investigaciones. Esto es construir la Educación en TIC’s, de manera modélica y relacional, con dos posibles facetas de la Educación: a saber, la Educación Escolar y la Educación Cotidiana. Ambos campos son complementarios pero, uno de ellos, la Educación Cotidiana, tiene mayor relevancia cultural. La Educación cotidiana, como modelo analítico, puede aportar luces en este discernimiento: El uso educativo de las TIC debe ser culturalmente relevante. En este sentido, se parte del reconocimiento de las falacias asociadas a los términos, y sus derivados, “Cultura Digital” o “Culturas TIC”: se entiende la cultura, no como el conjunto de costumbres de una sociedad, sino el entramado simbólico y semántico que articula a los hombres que la conforman (Geertz, 1988). Este entramado se compone, aquí, de una compleja relación interactiva de sujetos conformantes de sistemas, culturalmente relevantes: la sociedad, los sistemas sociales, la comunicación, y el lenguaje.

Debe haber allí un tipo de expresión de la Educación no-escolar, y la Escuela debe adaptarse al cambio para ejercer la Educación en TIC’s culturalmente relevante.
Lo técnico, el conocimiento, la legitimación y el lenguaje en la participación en la construcción colectiva del ordenamiento
Authors: Castellanos Edwin , Sanabria Tadeo
Published: May 2018

El documento a partir de un juicioso análisis de la normatividad asociada a la participación de las comunidades indígenas en el ordenamiento del territorio, señala el alcance del Consejo Territorial de Planeación como espacio de deliberación y concertación en lo local y propone algunas condiciones para incorporar a estas minorías. El producto de esta investigación a partir de la entrevista en profundidad, pone de presente grandes limitaciones en la capacidad de uno de los más importante mecanismos de participación para incorporar otras visiones del territorio y por tanto a la capacidad de los POT para ofrecer soluciones a las minorías.
Analisis penerapan metode activity based costing dalam menentukan besarnya tarif jasa rawat inap
Authors: Yemimaria Yemimaria , Utary Anis Rachma , Subhan Muhammad
Published: May 2018

Metode Activity Based Costing adalah metode untuk menentukan biaya produksi untuk menyediakan informasi biaya secara tepat dan akurat. Sistem Activity Based Costing tidak hanya menawarkan informasi biaya produk secara akurat, tetapi juga menyajikan informasi biaya dan kinerja kegiatan dan sumber daya manusia; dan dapat dicari biaya untuk biaya objek di samping produk tepat. Rumah Sakit Pupuk Kaltim Siaga Ramania di Samarinda adalah objek, di mana ia menawarkan lima jenis kamar untuk layanan rawat inap, seperti VVIP, VIP, kelas I, II, dan III. Kami mengusulkan sistem Activity Based Costing di Rumah Sakit Pupuk Kaltim Siaga Ramania di Samarinda untuk mengetahui bagaimana menentukan biaya rawat inap. Selanjutnya, kami mencoba membandingkan metode yang kami ajukan dengan biaya tradisional akuntansi. Hasil yang ditunjukkan metode, dibandingkan dengan metode umum menunjukkan bahwa sistem Activity Based Costing memiliki biaya lebih besar untuk kelas I Rp 385.856, kelas II Rp 337.458, dan kelas III Rp 331.559. Di sisi lain, sistem Activity Based Costing memberikan biaya lebih kecil sebesar Rp 760.540 dan Rp 591.171 untuk kelas VVIP dan kelas VIP. Hasil ini menjelaskan mengenai biaya aktivitas untuk setiap kamar secara akurat berdasarkan konsumsi aktivitas.
Comprometimento Visual com Dano Macular Mínimo numa Lesão Causada por Laser de Femtosegundo
Authors: Mendes José Ferreira , Freitas Cristina , Gentil Rita
Published: May 2018

Descrevemos o caso de um doente do sexo feminino com 26 anos de idade, com história de escotomas centrais bilaterais com 24 horas de evolução, os quais surgiram após a lesão com laser indutor de plasma por produção de nanopartículas. A avaliação oftalmológica incluiu a observação do fundo ocular em midríase, angiografia fluoresceínica e tomografia de coerência ótica.Numa primeira avaliação, a acuidade visual do olho direito era de 20/20 e do olho esquerdo 20/25. Observavam-se ainda alterações pigmentares foveais na mácula de ambos os olhos. Bilateralmente, a tomografia de coerência ótica revelou uma interrupção central da camada de fotorrecetores; a angiografia fluoresceínica foi normal. Nas avaliações subsequentes, a acuidade visual foi sempre de 20/20 bilateralmente. Os achados anormais observados na tomografia de coerência ótica desapareceram em menos de cinco meses, apesar das queixas subjetivas de escotomas no olho esquerdo se terem mantido.
Alergia às Proteínas do Leite de Vaca: Uma Nova Era
Authors: Garcia Filipe Benito , Mota Inês , Piedade Susana , Morais-Almeida Mário
Published: May 2018

A alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca apresenta uma prevalência, gravidade e persistência crescentes. A dieta de evicção é difícil de cumprir e as reações adversas potencialmente graves associadas à ingestão acidental do alimento são frequentes. Discute-se o caso clínico de uma criança de seis anos com história pessoal de alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca desde os três meses de vida, com vários episódios de anafilaxia por ingestão acidental de leite de vaca. Aos quatro anos foi submetida, com sucesso, a protocolo de indução de tolerância ao leite de vaca, permitindo-lhe atualmente uma dieta livre. Esta estratégia terapêutica mostra-se revolucionária por permitir modificar a história natural da alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca grave e persistente, com impacto muito positivo na qualidade de vida dos doentes e da sua família.
Estatuto do Embrião Humano: Uma Visão Humanista
Authors: Paço Sandra , Deodato Sérgio
Published: May 2018

Na atribuição de um estatuto ao embrião surgem díspares visões, podendo levar à tomada de posições diametralmente opostas em questões como abortamento, procriação medicamente assistida, diagnóstico genético pré-natal, uso de células estaminais e clonagem. Ocorrendo o desenvolvimento do ser humano num processo gradual, estas questões colocam dilemas éticos, que na sua essência têm a mesma origem, ou seja, o estatuto que se atribui ao embrião.Abordaremos, assim, esta temática através de diversas fontes, com diferentes perspetivas (biológica, ética e legal), tendo como foco de análise o estatuto atribuído ao embrião humano. Este estudo analisa alguns autores da bioética, sobretudo os de inspiração humanística e personalista, complementando-se esta perspetiva com a análise de alguns pareceres do Conselho Nacional de Ética para as Ciências da Vida, de acordo com os valores da José de Mello Saúde.Na dimensão jurídica, analisam-se os principais normativos relacionados com a vida intrauterina, assim como alguns autores desta área. Pretendemos desta forma contribuir para o aprofundamento da reflexão ética no domínio do início da vida, nomeadamente as questões éticas e jurídicas relacionadas com o estatuto do embrião humano.
Artroplastia Total da Anca: Estudo Retrospetivo e Comparativo entre a Abordagem Anterior Direta e a Abordagem Posterior
Authors: Costa André Miguel , Fernandes José Pedro , Silva António Pedro , Rodrigues Eurico Bandeira , Silva Manuel Vieira da
Published: May 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: A procura constante pela melhoria levou ao aumento da popularidade das técnicas minimamente invasivas na artroplastia total da anca (PTA), como é o caso da abordagem anterior direta (AAD). Este estudo tem como objetivo a comparação, na PTA, dos resultados clínicos e funcionais entre a AAD e a abordagem posterior (AP), uma técnica muito otimizada.MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 57 doentes submetidos a PTA pela mesma equipa cirúrgica. Avaliou-se a precisão da colocação do implante, o tempo de cirurgia, o tempo de internamento, as perdas sanguíneas, a dor durante o internamento, a recuperação funcional (WOMAC hip score) e a satisfação do doente.RESULTADOS: As diferenças entre as abordagens não foram estatisticamente significativas na avaliação de parâmetros radiográficos de colocação dos implantes (offset global, ângulo acetabular e dismetria dos membros inferiores); apesar disso, a AAD demonstrou tendência para uma melhor precisão no ângulo acetabular. Também nesse grupo os doentes obtiveram um WOMAC hip score superior; um tempo de internamento, início do treino de marcha e tempo até abandonar as canadianas inferiores; no entanto, foram submetidos a tempos cirúrgicos superiores e sentiram maior dor durante o internamento. Não foram detetadas diferenças significativas na perda de sangue e satisfação do doente. DISCUSSÃO: Ambas as técnicas provaram ter um forte impacto na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos doentes. Os resultados vão de encontro aos de outros estudos, que referem uma maior precisão na colocação dos implantes, uma recuperação funcional mais rápida e sem complicações acrescidas para a AAD. O adulto jovem é quem mais pode beneficiar desta abordagem.