bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOĞRUDAN YABANCI SERMAYE YATIRIMLARININ BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: G-20 ÜLKELERİNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Efeoğlu Rabia , Pehlivan Ceren
Published: December 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlarını etkileyen faktörlerin etkinliğini G-20 ülkeleri için incelemektir. Seçili veriler Birleşmiş Milletler Dünya Yatırım Raporu (1998) baz alınarak oluşturulmuştur. 2000-2017 yıllarını kapsayan çalışmada panel veri analiz yöntemi kullanılmış ve doğrudan yabancı sermayenin belirleyicileri olarak gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla, ticari açıklık ve politik istikrar verileri analize dahil edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik analizleri yapılmış, analizler sonucunda ele alınan faktörler ile doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarından gayrisafi yurtiçi hasılaya ve dışa açıklıktan doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarına doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur.
HARPUT ARTUKLU EMÎRİ BELEK GAZİ’NİN HAÇLI LİDERLERİNİ TUTSAK ETMESİ
Authors: Çelik Sebahattin
Published: December 2020

XII. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde, Abbâsî Hilâfeti’nin İslâm ülkeleri ve yöneticileri üzerinde etkisinin azalıp bittiği, Selçukluların birlik ve bütünlüğünü kaybedip iç meseleleriyle uğraştığı, Haçlıların Ortadoğu’da terör estirmelerini ve İslâm topraklarında yayılmalarını önleyebilecek istikrarlı bir kuvvetin kalmadığı, Müslümanların Haçlı baskısı altında can ve mal güvenliklerinin tehlike altında olduğu bir dönemde Harput’ta bir lider ortaya çıktı. Bu lider, yiğitliği, cesareti ve akıllılığı ile Haçlı ordularını durduran; Kudüs kralı, Urfa kontu ve Birecik senyörünü tutsak ederek Haçlıların korkulu rüyası haline gelen Harput Artuklu Emîri Belek Gazi’den başkası değildi. Temel ve güncel kaynakların derlenmesi suretiyle hazırlanan çalışmada, Türk tarihinde yeterince adından söz edilmediğini düşündüğümüz bu büyük kahramanı tanıtmak amaçlanmış, onun Haçlılara karşı bitmek tükenmek bilmeyen mücadelesi esnasında Haçlı liderlerini tutsak alması, Doğu Anadolu’ya doğru yayılmalarını önlemesi, el-Cezire bölgesinde eşkıyalık yapan Ermeniler ile Halep’te fitneye sebep olan Bâtınîler tehlikesini önlemek suretiyle huzur ve asayişi temin etmesine yer verilmiştir.
ORTAK MİRAS KAVRAMI BAĞLAMINDA ANTARKTİK İŞ BİRLİĞİ
Authors: Doruk Elçin
Published: December 2020

Antarktika siyasetinin temelini oluşturan Antarktika Antlaşmalar Sistemi’nden (AAS) yola çıkan bu çalışma uluslararası Antarktik iş birliğini ortak miras kavramına referansla analiz edecektir. Sosyal bilimler alanında Türkçe literatürde sınırlı sayıda çalışmada yer alan Antarktika kıtası, özellikle uluslararası hukuk ve uluslararası ilişkiler dahilinde kapsamlı incelemeyi gerektirmektedir. Bunun sebebi uluslararası hukukta tüm insanlığa ait kabul edilen bir kıta üstündeki egemenlik iddialarının varlığı tartışmalı olmasıdır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma ortak kaynakların kullanımına yönelik uluslararası iş birliğini ve Antarktika siyasetinin tarihsel gelişimini ele alacaktır. Analiz sürecinde ilgili antlaşmalardan ve tamamlayıcı hukuk metinlerinden yararlanılacaktır. Antarktika’nın çevresel muhafazası ve Antarktik kaynakların sürdürülebilir geleceği ulusal çıkarlardan bağımsız ve ortak miras değerlerini temel alan eşitlikçi ve kapsamlı bir uluslararası rejim çerçevesinin çizilmesine bağlıdır.
MÜHİMME DEFTERLERİ’NE GÖRE OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE ŞARAP
Authors: Yıldırım Filiz
Published: December 2020

Arapça’da hamr kelimesiyle ifade edilen ve Osmanlı kayıtlarına da bu şekilde işlenen şarap, üzümün suyundan elde edilen ve sarhoş edici özelliği bulunan bir içki türüdür. Osmanlı devlet yasalarında içkiye yönelik çok sayıda madde bulunmaktadır. Bu maddelerde, her şeyden önce içkinin yasak olduğu açık bir şekilde belirtilmektedir. Ülkedeki Müslüman kesimin dinin haram kıldığı, örfün de hoş karşılamadığı içkiye yönelik yasaklara uyması icap etmektedir. Aksi halde hadd-i şürb ya da hadd-i hamr adı altında bazı cezalar uygulanmaktaydı. Diğer yandan gayrimüslimlerin şarap vb. içkileri kullanmalarında herhangi bir sakınca yoktur. Fakat bunun da bir ölçüsünün olması gerekmektedir. İçki kullanıldıktan sonra kişide sarhoşluk durumunun hâsıl olması ve bunun olumsuz sonuçları hiçbir toplumda ve inançta tasvip edilmemektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel kaynakları, 16. yüzyılın ortalarından 18. yüzyılın başlarına kadar Divan-ı Hümayun’da tutulan Mühimme Defterleri’dir. Bu defterlerdeki kayıtları destekler mahiyette, özellikle vergilendirme hususunda başvurulan Osmanlı Kanunnameleri ve diğer eserler de çalışmaya zenginlik katmaktadır. Çalışmanın mekânı Osmanlı Balkanları ve Tunası şeklinde Osmanlı’nın batı topraklarıyla sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Osmanlı Devleti’nin şaraba olan bakışı ele alınarak; bu içkinin ekonomik ve bilhassa sosyal boyutu irdelenmiştir.
ALÂADDİN SÂBİT’İN BİR MECMUADA TESPİT EDİLEN YAYIMLANMAMIŞ ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: Akatay Kübra , Şener Hasan
Published: December 2020

Klasik edebiyatımıza kaynaklık eden pek çok edebî eser mevcuttur. Bunlardan biri de hiç şüphesiz manzum veya mensur olarak kaleme alınan antoloji niteliği taşıyan mecmualardır. Mecmualar, müellifinin ve yazıldığı devrin edebî zevkini yansıtmakla birlikte divanı olmayan şairlerin şiirlerini ya da divan sahibi olan şairlerin müretteb divanlarında veya neşredilmiş divanlarında bulunmayan şiirlerini bünyesinde barındırdığı için önem arz etmekte ve pek çok hususta edebiyat tarihi araştırmacılarına fayda sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mecmualardan bahsedildikten sonra Milli Kütüphane 06 Mil Yz A 54 numarada kayıtlı Mecmû’a-i Eş’âr ve Fevâ’id ile ilgili genel bilgiler verilecek, daha sonra XVII. yüzyıl edebiyatımızda önemli bir yer teşkil eden Bosnalı Alâaddin Sâbit’in bu mecmuada bulunan ve basılı/neşredilmiş divanında yer almayan şiirleri tanıtılacaktır.
COVİD 19 SALGIN SÜRECİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİM: Uzaktan/Evden Çalışma Modeli
Authors: Serinikli Nilüfer
Published: December 2020

Koronavirüs (Covid-19) olarak adlandırılan yeni tip virüs ilk kez 2019 yılının sonlarında Çin’in Wuhan eyaletinde deniz ürünleri ve canlı hayvan satışı yapan pazaryerinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Daha sonra virüs tüm dünyaya hızlı bir şekilde yayılım göstermiş ve birçok ölüme neden olmuştur. Bunun üzerine Covid-19 Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından, 11 Mart 2020 de “pandemi” olarak ilan edilmiştir. Dünya genelinde hala etkisi devam etmekte olan salgının etkisini, yayılma hızını ve bulaşma riskini azaltmak amacıyla, hem dünya ülkelerinde hem de Türkiye’de bazı önlemler alınmaya başlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda evden ya da uzaktan çalışma uygulamalarına geçiş yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Uzaktan/evden çalışma Covid-19 salgını ile çok daha önemli hale gelmiştir.Bu araştırmanın amacı, küreselleşme sürecinde işletme ve çalışma yaşamında yaşanan değişimi ve covid 19 salgını sürecinde uygulamaya konan uzaktan/evden çalışma modelinin avantaj ve dezavantajlarını ortaya koymaktır.
Towards a National Broadband Strategy for Australia, 2020-2030
Authors: Holmes Jim , Burke John , Campbell Leith , Hamilton Andrew
Published: December 2020

This Report has been developed by the TelSoc National Broadband Network (NBN) Futures Group, drawing on substantial work since early 2019 to examine the current state and desirable future of broadband services in Australia. The purpose of the Group and this Report is to ensure Australia’s broadband infrastructure and services continues to develop in a financially responsible and timely manner, delivering value, economic benefit and new services to all Australian residents in all locations and in all economic circumstances. Broadband infrastructure, including the NBN in particular, represents National Critical Infrastructure providing essential services important for the development of a digital economy and online society. All Australians should benefit to the maximum extent in realising the social and economic potential of broadband. Large, long-term investments and programs that address the demand side, as well as the supply side, of broadband require a clear long-term vision and plan (the National Broadband Strategy), supported by a robust bipartisan commitment that endures beyond electoral cycles. The Report is not such a Strategy but is a major contribution towards it. It is addressed to all stakeholders, especially to the Commonwealth Government which has leadership responsibility, and to industry organisations whose involvement is important for success.
Çok Duvarlı Karbon Nanotüp Katkılı Poliamit 6 Polimerinin Termal, Termo-Mekanik Ve Tribolojik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KUŞ Gözde , YETGİN Salih , KOYUNBAKAN Murat , YILDIRIM Ferhat , ESKİZEYBEK Volkan , GENÇ Abdurrahman
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, çok duvarlı karbon nanotüp (ÇDKNT) katkısının PA6 nanokompozitlerin termal, termo-mekanik ve tribolojik özelliklere etkisi incelenmiştir. ÇDKNT katkılı PA6 nanokompozit granüller çift vidalı ekstruder ile üretilmiştir. Elde edilen granüllerden enjeksiyonla kalıplama tekniği kullanılarak standartlara uygun numuneler üretilmiştir. PA6 nanokompozitlerin ergime sıcaklığı ve kristallenme oranı diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetre (DSC) analizi ile depolama modülü ve kayıp modülü ise dinamik mekanik analiz (DMA) ile belirlenmiştir. Aşınma testleri kuru ortam şartları altında çelik diske karşı pim-disk sistemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, ÇDKNT katkılı PA6 polimerinin ergime sıcaklığı sabit kalırken kristallenme oranı artmıştır. Artan ÇDKNT miktarına bağlı olarak PA6 kompozitlerin depolama modülü ve kayıp modülü artmıştır. Triboloji testleri sonucunda, artan kayma hızı ve yüke bağlı olarak sürtünme katsayısı artmıştır. En düşük sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranı %0.3 ÇDKNT katkılı PA6 nanokompozitinde elde edilmiştir.
The Effect of Different Dietary Practices on Workers and Queen Bee Formations in Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Larvae
Authors: KABAKCI Dilek , AKDENİZ Gökhan
Published: December 2020

Bal arısı larvaları, Apis mellifera L. işçi arılar tarafından üretilen mandibular ve hipofaringal bez salgılarıyla beslenirler. Bu çalışmada 1 günlük yaştaki larvalar petri kaplarına transfer edilmiş ve farklı şeker oranlarında diyetlerle besleme yapılmıştır. Günlük olarak besleme yapılan larvalarda işçi arı yaşam oranı, ağırlığı, elde edilen yetişkin birey miktarı ve farklı şeker oranlarında besleme yapılan bireylerde ana arı elde etme olasılığı belirlenmiştir. İşçi arı bireylerinde defecasyon evresine geçiş yapanlarda % 90 lık bir oran elde edilmiştir. Ana arı grubunda ise % 33 bir oran defecasyon evresine geçiş sağlamıştır. Bal arısı beslemesinde şeker oranındaki artışla birlikte larvalarda yaşam oranı ve ağırlığında azalma olduğu belirlenmiş olup yüksek dozda şekerle besleme yapılmaması önerilmektedir.
Investigating The Effects of Waters Collected From Different Basins In Turkey on Clays’ Consistency And Strength Properties
Authors: ARPACIK Zeynep , KURT ALBAYRAK Zeynep Neşe
Published: December 2020

The engineering behavior of clay soils, vary depending on the amount of water they contain. Thesevariations depend on the crystal structure of the clay mineral and the chemical structure of the water in the voidsof the soil. In this study, on the geotechnical properties of high plasticity (CH) and low plasticity (CL) clays theeffects of waters with different chemical structures were investigated. Within the scope of the study, somegeotechnical experiments were carried out on two different clays from Erzurum with high plasticity and lowplasticity and, tap water and water with different chemical structures obtained from three different basin inEastern Anatolia (Fırat Basin, Çoruh Basin and Aras Basin) were used. The consistency limits, standard proctorand unconfined compression tests were carried out on clays, and the experiments were repeated using differentbasin waters and, the results were compared with the test results with tap water. The test results showed thatdifferent waters significantly changed the consistency and compaction properties of high and low plasticityclays and that they did not cause a significant change in unconfined compression strength. Çoruh Basin reducedthe liquid limit of the CH and CL clays of the water by 33% and 20%, respectively. With the effect of the ÇoruhBasin, the optimum moisture content of the CH clay decreased by 41.2%, while the optimum moisture contentof the CL clay increased by 52.7% with the effect of the Fırat Basin.
Comparative Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of SARS CoV-2 - with Potential Mutation Probabilities and Drug Targeting
Authors: AKBULUT Ekrem
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 caused by the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 has caused the death of over 470 thousand people worldwide. High mutation potentials of RNA viruses require the determination of the most accurate structure to be targeted for treatment. In this study, comparative genomic and proteomic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 were performed using SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and the mutation potential of the residues was analyzed using bioinformatics tools. SARS-CoV-2 was found to be 80.08% and 58.79% similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, respectively, at the nucleotide level. G+C content were 38%, 40.8% and 41.2% for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, respectively. 5ʹUTR G+C content was 44.6%, 43.5% and 44.7% for SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, respectively. At the amino acid level, SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV showed 83.3% similarity, whereas SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV showed 42.5% similarity. The E, M, N and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV were found to be 94%, 90.1%, 90.6% and 76.1% identical, respectively. For SARS-CoV-2, 14 residues with a high risk of mutation and their repeat numbers in the genome were identified. Data from this study reveal that non-functional conserved proteins such as ORF6 and ORF7b with low risk of mutation may be appropriate targets for the treatment because of their functional properties.
Two-step synthesis of MnCo2S4 nanowires for supercapacitor electrode
Authors: YEŞİLBAĞ Yaşar Özkan
Published: December 2020

In this study, MnCo2S4 nanowires were synthesized on 3D-Ni foam by the hydrothermal process in two-step and investigated as supercapacitor electrode material. Crystal structure and morphology analyzes of MnCo2S4 nanowires were performed. Electrochemical measurements were taken in 1 M of a potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte solution. The specific capacitance value calculated from GCD measurement taken at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 from the sample was 450 F g−1. Furthermore, the sample have good cycling stability by keeping 46% of the initial specific capacitance after 3000 cycles.
Investigation of Flower-like ZnCo2O4 Nanowire Arrays Growth on 3D-Ni Foam as Supercapacitor Electrode Material
Authors: TUZLUCA Fatma Nur
Published: December 2020

As a supercapacitor electrode material, flower-like ZnCo2O4 nanowire (NW) arrays were directly grown on 3D-Ni foam using the hydrothermal method. Structural and morphological analysis of the electrode material was characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, and EDS, while its electrochemical analysis was characterized by CV, GCD, and EIS. The electrode material demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance with a maximum areal capacitance of 1.01 F cm-2 at a current density of 0.5 mA cm-2. After 2.000 charge-discharge cycles, the electrode showed excellent cycle stability, having 72% of the initial areal capacitance.
Effect Of Microvessels Stiffness on Hemodynamic; an FSI Analysis
Authors: ALİ Daver
Published: December 2020

The exploits of computer modelling in the study of cardiovascular disease have recently gained significant progress. In this study, the effect of microvessels stiffness on blood pressure and blood flow-induced wall shear stress (WSS) was analysed numerically. Three microvessels in diameters of 100, 200 and 300 microns with respectively media thicknesses of 10, 20 and 30 microns, were designed. Then for each model as material properties, the elastic modulus of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 MPa was applied. The blood flow within the microvessels was investigated using CFD analysis. A fluid-structure interaction (FSI) multiphysics analysis was performed to observe the effect of vascular stiffness on blood pressure and vice versa the effect of blood flow on the microvessel deformation. The result of the analysis showed that increasing the stiffness of the vessel increases blood pressure and WSS, and as well as causes a decline in its deformation capability. The outcome of this theoretical study shed more light on understanding cardiovascular diseases roots and origin, especially in micron-sized vessels.
Voltammetric Determination of Catalytic Effect of Nitrite in Nitrate Media by Graphite and Mercury Electrode on Acid Red-27 Cobalt Complex
Authors: UÇARLI Okan
Published: December 2020

In this study, the catalytic effect of nitrite on the cobalt complex of acid red 27, which is one of the most important azo dyes today, was investigated. Voltammetric studies were carried out with a Hanging Mercury Drop electrode and pencil graphite electrode using the Cathodic AdsSWV technique in nitrate media. First, in situ formation of the complex was determined by electrochemical method. It was then observed that the voltammetric peak current of the complex increased in the presence of nitrite anions. The deposition time, potential and nitrite concentration were investigated to optimize the conditions for both electrodes. According to the results, the reaction mechanism of the catalytic effect of nitrite has been proposed.
Review of the collection: River of time. 2020. Compiler
and executive editor M.I. Rodnov. Ufa, 2020. 150 р.
Authors: Kabytov P. S. , Dubman E. L.
Published: December 2020

The review analyzes the content of the collection of articles River of Time, the history of the publication of which dates back more than two decades. In addition to articles, documentary publications are included in the composition of the peer-reviewed publication. Thereby, the initiator, unchanged compiler and editor of the collection, Doctor of Historical Sciences M.I. Rodnov continued the long-standing tradition, the basis of which is a careful selection of the author's team, which on the pages of the collection reveals unknown pages of regional history. New data are given on the founding date of Ufa, the Ibragimov dynasty and the Odintsov family. Of considerable interest are the documentary publications of the materials of the second revision on Ufa and its environs, the uprising of E.I. Pugachev, as well as the publications of the lists of leaders of the Ufa business community and Ufa students of Kazan Imperial University. Undoubtedly, this collection will receive well-deserved recognition, both in Bashkiria itself and far beyond the borders of the Republic
Formation and development of the educational system of the Оrenburg region in the XVIII–XIX centuries
Authors: Lyubichankovskiy S. V.
Published: December 2020

In the article, the author presents an analysis of the formation and development of the educational system of the Orenburg region during the period from the establishment of the Orenburg province and up to the entry of the Russian Empire during the revolutionary upheavals of the early XX century. The main stages of this process are highlighted: the appearance of the first educational institutions in the conditions of the formation of the Orenburg region as a new administrative space of the Russian Empire (1730s 1770s); the development of the educational system of the Orenburg region in the conditions of stabilization of the frontier zone and systematization of the state educational policy (late XVIII mid XIX century); the development of the educational system under the conditions of post-reform modernization (second half of the XIX early XX century). He revealed the key reasons for the change in the educational system related to the specific needs of the region and changes in state policy in the field of education. He concluded that during the period under study, the educational system of the Orenburg region simultaneously solved two key tasks providing the region with educated personnel and the formation of a loyal stratum of foreign (national) intelligentsia. The research is based on both archival (from the funds of the State Archives of the Orenburg region) and published historical sources.
Communicative component of professional competence
of a musician-performer
Authors: Aryutkina A. N.
Published: December 2020

At the present stage, musical and performing activity requires rethinking key concepts and identifying its new content. The article contains an analysis of modern professional training of a musician-performer at a university. Special attention is paid to the significance of interpretation in modern musical and performing activities. Long-term practice of concert performance creates a significant number of performing interpretations. A musician-performer must not only get acquainted and try to interpret the composer's text, but also try to understand this value content. The article offers an understanding of interpretation as a reinterpretation of the content of a work based on the artist's personal creative beliefs, which implies a different experience. This topic is also supplemented by the consideration of the act of joint activity of the participants in the performance, during which a common view of the ideas and images of a musical work is developed, as a result of which the audience's consciousness is transformed. This requires communicative competence. Thus, a musician-performer combines both communicative and interpretative abilities. The article considers the structure of professional competence of a musician-performer, taking into account the specifics of professional activity and based on the competence approach. The existing approaches to defining the essence of the concept of competence are analyzed. The structure of professional competence integrates musical and performing, interpretive, communicative, pedagogical, organizational and managerial competencies. Communicative competence is considered as a professionally significant personal property of a future musician-performer in the course of professional training at a university.
The teacher's readiness to interact with gifted students
Authors: Solovova N. V. , Ezhov D. A. , Yashkin S. N.
Published: December 2020

In the article, the authors consider the problem of a teacher's readiness to interact with gifted students in the process of their continuous development. In modern Russian society, there is a growing need for people who are extraordinarily thinking, creative, active, capable of solving tasks in an unconventional way and formulating new, promising goals. In these conditions, the support and development of gifted students undoubtedly become one of the priority tasks of the education system. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the transition of general and vocational education to a new educational paradigm, caused by the transformations of Russian society, is accompanied by increased attention to gifted students, and as a result, by the preparation of teachers at all levels of the education system to interact with students, whose intellectual and creative potential is considered as state capital stock. The article presents the results of content analysis of scientific works in the field of the development of gifted students, as well as regulatory and legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of education. The concept of pedagogical management is introduced (a set of approaches, principles, methods, organizational forms and technological and methodological teaching methods aimed at improving the quality and effectiveness of the continuous development of gifted students, which consists of the stages: identification, diagnosis, training, development, support and support ). As a result of the study, the authors, based on the principle of identifying the types of teacher's activities on the main stages of pedagogical management, proposed a component structure of the teacher's readiness to interact with gifted students, integrating motivational-value, cognitive-methodological, normative-organizational, reflexive-evaluative and communicative-tutoring components
Directions of development of project management of innovation
and investment activities of integrated industrial structures
Authors: Saxin Alexey G. , Saxina Elena V. , Sedov Ivan A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the trends in the development of the world chemical industry in the scientific production and management sphere. The principles of forming an effective mechanism for managing innovation and investment activities of integrated industrial structures are revealed. A methodology for evaluating motivation based on the balance of interests of the state and private business in the implementation of project management in innovation is proposed. The method is based on the developed algorithm that allows determining the balance of interests of the state, owners and employees using the qualimetric method of quantitative assessment of quality indicators and the calculated Gini coefficient. The focus is on the formation of the main directions of development of innovative-investment activity of the integrated industrial structures, including: a policy of import substitution, the formation of process-oriented and adaptive models of budgeting, the development of information systems and software project management START-IP, training to ensure the budgeting of innovative-investment activity in multi-level industrial structures. The directions of development of project management of innovation and investment activities of integrated industrial structures based on budgeting are universal and necessary to start implementing any innovations.
Algorithm for determining risk-free rates and the size of non-market
risks when investing in personnel
Authors: Balaeva Anastasiasia Yu. , Belyakov Andrey A.
Published: December 2020

At the present stage of development, many companies treat investments in the development of the company personnel as investments in the creation of intangible assets that contribute to improving the level of competitiveness of the organization. The authors previously proposed an economic and mathematical model of investing in personnel based on the formation of an investment portfolio, which can be used to assess the financial effectiveness of investments in employee development; to get a clear, reliable tool for monitoring the effectiveness of personnel development activities; make the human factor and its impact on the company's performance more measurable; increase transparency and, consequently, the manageability of the organization. The goal of the article is to develop the risk-free rates and non-market risk rates search algorithm during engineering of investment portfolio through arbitrage pricing theory for investment in personnel to return on investment. The authors fully provide risk-free rate of return description and comprise risk-free rates of assets, too. They give an explanation of how to seek and valuate them. Also the expected risk-free returns of assets calculation method and ways of non-market risks management while investing in personnel is described.
Wątki filozoficzne w dramatach Karola Wojtyły
Authors: Górka Tomasz
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to identify, in the plays written by Karol Wojtyła, those scenes, problems and themes which are also present, albeit in a different form, in his scholarly output. To achieve this aim, a method of analysis and comparison was adopted: the author looked for common motifs present in Wojtyła’s dramas and in his philosophical works, while keeping in mind the differences between these two areas of intellectual activity, and especially their specific language. The result of this research is the discovery of the following themes and problems addressed by Wojtyła, both as a playwright and as a philosopher: human development, maturity, and one’s fulfilment as a person, i.e. as a rational and free being open to interpersonal relationships and capable of creating a community; love in its different manifestations, particularly spousal love; and the human being as the general cognitive focus of reflection based on broadly understood experiences.
Promieniowanie ojcostwa – promieniowanie teatru. Zarys interpretacji scenicznych dramatu Karola Wojtyły
Authors: Komorowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

This article deals with the history of the stage performances of Karol Wojtyła’s play The Radiance of Fatherhood, which is considered by many to be, of all of the author’s plays, the one least suitable for performing on stage, starting with the world premiere in 1983 by Andrzej Maria Marczewski, through subsequent versions by the same director, as well as by others, both from professional and alternative theatres, including amateur ones. The vast majority of the stage performances in question were performed in Poland; however, the recently accomplished premieres of the dramatical work in Slovakia (2015) and in the Czech Republic (2019) are also mentioned. The aim of this text is to show the way many theatre artists faced the challenge of dealing with what is undoubtedly the most multidimensional text of Wojtyła’s oeuvre, as well as to trace the proposed visual solutions and stage interpretations of the dramatical work.
Teologiczne korzenie współczesnego kryzysu ojcostwa, płci i rodziny. Na marginesie Promieniowania ojcostwa Karola Wojtyły
Authors: Kupczak Jarosław
Published: December 2020

In no historical era have the topics of sex and gender occupied such space in academic and public debates. Today, an immense number of publications and conferences is devoted to subjects such as sexual differences, the definition of masculinity and femininity, the question whether and to what extent is sex part of nature, and to what extent of culture? These topics, always considered important in the anthropological and ethical fields, benefitted in the public debate from a certain social consensus on obvious and indisputable matters, as did those which were hidden from debate and concerned with that which is private and concerns the secrets of home life. Today, they have lost this double protection. Karol Wojtyła’s drama The Radiance of Fatherhood, written in the 1960s, surprisingly anticipates these contemporary discussions and proposes a philosophical and theological perspective appropriate for Western culture in which it is possible to give the right answers to the questions posed. In this perspective, these basic existential realities for every human being – being a son or daughter, mother or father, man or woman, husband or wife – do not only point to the sphere of human biology, nor are they contractual and subject to modifications. Rather, in the symbolic and sacramental interpretation which is proper to human life, they form the spiritual DNA of any human being from which that which is truly human can develop.
Kobieta w twórczości Karola Wojtyły – Jana Pawła II
Authors: Strzelecki Ryszard
Published: December 2020

This article consists of two parts. The first part focuses on the thoughts of the Pope, which we can treat as the author’s context and which is necessary for analysing the papal poetic meditations. The analyses are included in the second part. The context is made up of statements from the early period of the pontificate, which should be considered the most important in the teachings of the Holy Father about women. I am referring here to the following editions of John Paul II’s teachings: Vol. 1: He created man and woman. Christ refers to the “origin”: John Paul II’s theology of the body, Vol. 4: The Sacrament and Vol. 8: Familiaris Consortio: On the Role of the Christian Family in the Modern World, as well as the apostolic letter Mulieris Dignitatem: On the Dignity and Vocation of Women on the Occasion of the Marian Year. The aforementioned texts are the relevant basis for studying the papal poetic output, because, like the poetry of John Paul II, they capture woman in the metaphysical, spiritual and divine categories. Such an interpretational basis is not provided by feminism or even John Paul II’s project of new feminism, whose main and laudable concern was to restore woman’s personal dignity in the social dimension. The most important views on women in the papal teaching refer to the Book of Genesis, to the descriptions of the creation of the human being – a woman and a man who become, in the words of the Holy Father, one body, one heart and one spirit. It is in this paradigm, in the “sacrament of creation” (in union with a man) that a woman attains the highest status in the metaphysical and personalistic dimensions. This is confirmed by the meditation in Part 2 of the Roman Triptych. However, the universality of this anthropological paradigm means that it also applies to other texts whose protagonists are women themselves: Mary Magdalene, the Samaritan woman, Veronica, or the girl disappointed in love. The current study is limited to poetry. Undoubtedly, of great importance from the point of view of women’s issues is the interpretation of the drama In front of the Jeweller’s Shop: A Meditation on the Sacrament of Matrimony, Passing on Occasion into a Drama. This play will become the subject of a separate study.
„Następca św. Piotra, ale jeszcze z pełną świadomością następcy św. Stanisława”. O pielgrzymie i pielgrzymce Jana Pawła II do Polski A.D. 1979
Authors: Obsulewicz Beata K.
Published: December 2020

The subject of this article is the first pilgrimage by John Paul II to Poland in 1979. An analysis of his speeches delivered during this pilgrimage and the historical circumstances of the pilgrimage itself (the first pilgrimage by a Pope to Poland, a country with a socialist system at that time which promoted atheism; a visit by a Polish Pope to his home country shortly after his election to the Holy See; a visit to a Pope’s homeland other than Italy – a phenomenon unknown in the history of the papacy for the previous 455 years) allows us to capture its special character in the history of Poland and in the life of Karol Wojtyła / John Paul II. The Pope was faced with a difficult pastoral and diplomatic task, which was to fulfil his religious mission (strengthening the Christian faith in Poland and in other Slavic nations; showing the path of development for the Church in Poland; showing gratitude to the Polish Church for her heroic perseverance in the People’s Republic of Poland; emphasising the cultural role of Christianity in the world) and also to change the image of Poland in the world (while carefully avoiding any escalation of tensions between the Church and the state authorities and the influence of the USSR in Poland). This was accompanied – from a sociopsychological perspective – by his taking up the role of leader of the universal Church, a role which he had to learn, and, at the same time, maintaining the style of communication with his countrymen which he had developed earlier while a church dignitary in Poland.
Karl Jaspers i Jan Paweł II o idei uniwersytetu
Authors: Zarębianka Zofia
Published: December 2020

This article is an attempt at synthetically juxtaposing those common threads of reflection on the university and its essence which are present in the works of both Karl Jaspers and Pope John Paul II. What is striking is the similarity of the problem of the university and the understanding of its very essence by both thinkers, regardless of the different eras in which they formulated their opinions and the differences in their philosophical positions. According to both thinkers, whether the idea of the university is implemented or not is connected to its approach to questions of truth, the universality of science, the formational role of the university, the vocation and ethos of the scholar, and the internal system of the university itself. Worthy of particular attention is the responsibility of scholars, their selflessness in the search for truth, and their duty to mould the humanity of those students who are entrusted into their care. In each of these areas there is a far-reaching convergence of positions, each developed independently and in different historical contexts. This fact can be interpreted in two ways: firstly, it shows the topicality of the problems facing universities, and secondly, it shows the universality of Karol Wojtyła’s thinking, who, in his deliberations, goes beyond specific religious aspects and addresses his message as a general humanistic message to all of those who constitute a university.
Wizja miłości w odnalezionym młodzieńczym utworze Karola Wojtyły Wciąż jestem na tym samym brzegu
Authors: Karoń-Ostrowska Anna
Published: December 2020

The unknown piece entitled ‘Here I am, still on this bank’ was discovered during research work on the critical edition of the literary works of Karol Wojtyła / John Paul II in the Archive of the Metropolitan Curia in Cracow in late 2016. The text was created most likely between February 1941 (the date of Wojtyła’s father’s death), and October 1942, when young Karol, a cleric of the clandestine Cracovian Archdiocese Seminary, decided to take up underground studies at the Jagiellonian University’s Theological Department. It is the only piece among Karol Wojtyła’s works to take on the theme of the internal conflicts of the protagonist between love for a woman and a betrothed’s love for God. We can find here the basic foundations of the concept of love, which the Pope would later develop in his philosophy (Love and Responsibility), theology (Theology of the Body) and literary works (e.g. the mystical poems and plays In front of the Jeweller’s Shop and The Radiance of Fatherhood).
Organizacja i funkcjonowanie diecezji chełmskiej w świetle relacji „ad limina” z 1594 r.
Authors: Szady Bogumił
Published: December 2020

The major aim of the present article is to assess the credibility and provide criticism of the source value of the first account on the state of the Chełm diocese from 1594 in reference to the organizational state of the diocese at the end of the 16th century, which was before the fire of the archives of the Episcopal curia in Krasnystaw (7 April, 1597), when most of the documents and books burnt down. The account analyzed in the present text is one of the oldest preserved reports sent by the Polish bishops to the Apostolic See after the Council of Trent. The criticism of the Chełm account from 1594 is preceded by an introduction referring to the research tradition and the editorial tradition related to this category of sources. The circumstances and the historical context concerning the account are presented. The evaluation of the reliability of the information passed to the Apostolic See by the representative of bishop Stanisław Gomoliński was conducted by means of the comparative analysis referring to the content of the account together with the information on the state and organization of the Chełm diocese which comes from other sources and scientific studies. The author of the account pointed to a number of difficulties in the functioning of his diocese in the area where the Orthodox Church prevailed and the network of Latin churches, additionally weakened by the Reformation, did not make up a regular and compact territorial structure. This caused a lot of problems in the material protection of the benefices and in pastoral services (a lack of clergymen, accumulation of benefices, disregarding the duty of residence). The account from 1594, as compared to later reports, has the character of a letter (“stylus epistolaris”), and not a form. It is short and fairly general. Its informative value, especially when we analyze particular problems or particular issues, is only supplementary. It can present greater value while studying the bishop’s relation to his diocese and the way of managing it. It is worth looking at this source in the comparative context – especially through the prism of the accounts presented by the same bishop from various dioceses which were under his management during his pastoral career. This will enable criticism of this source and the answer to the question about the extent to which the accounts were the personal work of a given bishop or the work of the Episcopal curia circles and to what extent the traditions of the bishopric.
Recent Achievements and Future Challenges in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Authors: Mansurov Z.A.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the investigation results of the formation and synthesis of nanosized materials which were obtained at the Institute of Combustion Problems, many works have been brought to practical use. Investigations of low-temperature soot formation become the basis of nanomaterial synthesis methods, developed at the Institute for Combustion Problems since 1985. Flame can be considered as a chemical reactor to produce target products. The main feature of the processes based on technological combustion is that the target product is formed as a result of the combustion reaction, occurring spontaneously at high temperatures with a high speed without consuming external energy, i.e. due to its own heat. With the development of nanotechnology, new challenges have emerged in the synthesis of nanomaterials under combustion synthesis conditions. Below is a list of works on nanomaterials synthesis carried out at the Institute: complete scheme of soot formation; energy intensive nanocarbon materials; development and study of perovskite photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution; obtaining carbon fibers by the method of electrospinning; obtaining of biologically soluble membranes based on polymeric nanofibres and hydroxyapatite of calcium; synthesis of nanocarbon sorbents for purification of water from heavy metal ions.
Thermoadsorption Demetallization of Heavy Oil Residues
Authors: Ongarbayev Ye.K.
Published: December 2020

The high content of metal- and sulfur-containing compounds in the composition of heavy oil residues leads to negative impacts during their processing, the use of catalysts and equipment. To solve this problem, various methods of demetallization and deasphalting are proposed. The article provides information on various methods of demetallization, desulfurization and coking of heavy oil residues. The disadvantages of the considered methods are shown, and a thermal adsorption processing method is proposed as an effective method of demetallization and desulfurization. The results of demetallization and desulfurization of vacuum residue from the Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant (Kazakhstan) using various adsorbents: serpentine, zeolite modified with wollastonite and coke, kaolin clay with coke are presented. The maximum degree of demetallization of 81‒94% with respect to vanadium and nickel is observed when using kaolin clay modified with coke as an adsorbent and during the process at 400 °C for 4 h. The maximum degree of desulfurization 39.6% is observed during the process using zeolite modified with wollastonite and coke at 400 °C for 3 h. After demetallization and desulfurization, the vacuum residue was subjected to a coking process to produce coke with improved performance and yield. Coke with good yield (32%) and low values of ash and mass fraction of total moisture is obtained by vacuum residue coking after demetallization with kaolin clay modified with coke.
Investigation of Electrohydraulic Effect on Physicochemical Characteristics of High-Resinous Oil “Karazhanbas”
Authors: Salakhov R.Kh. , Seitzhanova M. , Bodykov D.U. , Sassykova L.R. , Zhakirova N.K. , Seilkhanov T.M.
Published: December 2020

In order to change the viscosity of high-resinous oil of the “Karazhanbas” field (Kazakhstan), the effect of electrohydraulic action on it was studied. The effect of adding an organic solvent xylene on the rheological properties of oil is investigated. A comparative study of the hydrocarbon composition of oil before and after electrohydraulic impact was carried out by the method of gas chromatographymass spectrometry. Fragment composition of oil hydrocarbons before and after electrohydraulic treatment was determined by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that the conversion of heavy oil fractions to light ones begins with a five-time electrohydraulic impact. It is determined that 20‒25 electric discharge pulses are sufficient for the quantitative process of splitting hydrocarbons. It was found that the addition of xylene to high-viscosity oil leads to an increase in the conversion of hydrocarbons under electrohydraulic action. The content of paraffins and naphthalenes in high-viscosity oil is slightly reduced during electrohydraulic processing. In oil, after electrohydraulic action, a decrease in the proportion of protons of long alkyl terminal СН3-groups of hydrocarbons is observed, which indicates the process of decomposition of heavy oil fractions into light fractions.
Taḥlīl al-Akhtha’ al-Imlāiyyah fī Ta‘līm Mahārah al-Kitābah alā Ḍau’i Naẓariyati Tarigan
Authors: Ardyansyah Ardyansyah , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Hilmi Danial
Published: December 2020

This study aimed at describing and analyzing the forms and the factors of writing errors at Darul Luhah wa al-Dirasat al-Islamiyah Islamic boarding school Pamekasan Madura. This research is a descriptive qualitative type. To achieve these objectives, researcher used the Glesser and Strauss model to analyze data called the fixed comparison model consisting of four steps: data reduction, data categorization, coding, and preparing working hypotheses. The results of this study showed that students errors in writing at Islamic boarding school Pamekasan Madura are mistakes in adding letters, subtracting letters, writing letters that sound alike, replacing letters or words, splitting letters or words, writing hamzah in the middle of sentences, connecting letters or words, writing hamzah qatha, writing hamzah above the line, and writing hamzah individually. The factors that influence students writing errors at Darul Lughah wa al-Dirasat al-Islamiyah are individual differences, students weakness in Arabic rules, students weakness on vocabulary mastery, students weakness on listening, the use of learning method, the absence of specific book for imla 'study, and limited time.
The Use of Teaching Aids in Increasing Student Motivation at Elementary School
Authors: Haddar Gamar Al , Azmi Nurul
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the role of teaching aids by teachers in increasing student motivation at Elementary School 027 Samarinda Ulu in the 2019/2020 learning year. The technique of determining the subject used in this research was purposive sampling, and the data analysis techniques used data collection, data selection, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The type of triangulation used is source triangulation.The result of the research is that the teacher uses teaching aids that are two-dimensional and three-dimensional. The increase in learning motivation for grade 1B students is good, and this is evidenced by the willingness of students to bring props, increasing the enthusiasm of students to improve their lack of grades, increasing the focus of student learning, the enthusiasm of students in demonstrating the use of teaching aids directly.
The Effect of Using Simple Aircraft Concrete Media on the Mastery of Concepts in Inquiry Science Learning in Elementary School Students
Authors: Asmawati Erni , Bintang Kejora Muhamad Taufik
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the increase in mastery of concepts in inquiry learning science through simple concrete media. This research is expected to help teachers solve the problems of learning science at the elementary school level. The research approach used quantitative research with a quasi-experimental method and a nonequivalent control group design. The study involved 60 fifth grade students of SDN 1 Nagrikidul, Purwakarta district. In the control class, conventional learning assisted by audio-visual media is applied. And the experimental class applied science learning by inquiry using concrete media. The results showed that the gain normalization test for increasing the mastery of science concepts in the experimental class (N-gain 0.44) was greater than the control class's gain value (N-gain 0.23). Based on the test results, the difference between the two means is obtained count = 3.368 ttable = 2.045, with a sig. 0.002 α amounting to 0.05, then H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted. Therefore Inquiry science learning by utilizing concrete media can significantly improve the mastery of science concepts in elementary school students.