bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les effets d’un atelier en langue orale sur la mémoire à court terme verbale d’élèves en classes de CM1 et de CM2 en REP+
Authors: Romain Christina , Rey Véronique , Jaëck Frédéric
Published: June 2024

Nous proposons de présenter les premiers résultats d’un projet de recherche collaborative portant sur la liaison CM/6ème. Les besoins du terrain ont été identifiés par les équipes enseignantes comme se situant essentiellement sur les difficultés croissantes de compréhension des élèves. Un premier test a été réalisé au début de la première année du projet et a donné à voir des difficultés en mémoire à court terme verbale chez les élèves identifiés par les enseignantes comme les plus en difficulté de compréhension. Ensuite, un protocole a été mis en place pour entrainer cette mémoire à court terme verbale. Cet entrainement ritualisé en langue orale est composé d’exercices de productions langagières pratiqués collectivement et d’histoires lues par l’enseignant et restituées verbalement par les élèves. L’hypothèse est que ce protocole améliorerait la mémoire à court terme verbale et les compétences langagières des élèves en production et en compréhension. Les premiers résultats de notre échantillon tendent à valider cette hypothèse.
Étude de la polysémie de la causalité morphologique en français et en chinois
Authors: Zhu Jiahui
Published: June 2024

Comment la polysémie de la causalité morphologique apparaît-elle en français et en chinois ? Afin de répondre à cette question, nous avons appliqué (dans l’article) la grammaire cognitive de constructions de Goldberg (1995) ainsi que la structure d’événement de Croft (2012) pour expliquer la formation sémantique de la causalité morphologique dans ces langues. Les discussions menées dans cet article révèlent que la polysémie de la causalité morphologique se manifeste dans la diversité des relations causales entre les participants des événements causaux, telles qu’elles sont représentées par les énoncés. Cet article s’intéresse particulièrement aux cas liés aux suffixes -iser en français et -化[huà] en chinois. Les verbes dérivés initient une relation de transformation liée au référent de leur base. L’interaction entre les participants de l’événement causal affine et précise cette relation de transformation.
« Euphonie défective » et invariance verbale : approche lexico-morphologique
Authors: Léopold Julia
Published: June 2024

Si nous avons toutes et tous appris, selon la grammaire scolaire, que la conjugaison française connaissait trois groupes verbaux (correspondant à trois macroclasses flexionnelles), l’essor récent du numérique, avec dans son sillage l’émergence du cyberlangage, a bousculé nos pratiques langagières. Il est en effet, aujourd’hui, des verbes jusqu’alors employés à l’oral qui, grâce à cette oralisation de l’écrit propre au "langage médié par ordinateur", sont désormais observables à l’écrit. Des verbes distincts d’un point de vue morphologique, étymologique ou sémantique, que la métalexicographie considère tous comme "invariables" et que nous qualifierons d’ "invariants" puisqu’ils présentent une isomorphie flexionnelle, non-marquée, pour les diverses cases de leur paradigme.

Quels sont ces verbes invariants, comment se conjuguent-ils et comment expliquer leurs particularités morphologiques ?

Dans cette étude, nous nous proposons d’abord de catégoriser ces verbes qui, malgré la disparité de leurs étymologies et, plus encore, de leurs flexions suffixales, entrent pourtant selon nous dans ce que nous appellerons une "macroclasse invariante". Des verbes en apparence invariables, nés d’une liberté de création lexicale mais dont l’emploi semble paradoxalement contraint. Il s’agira alors d’expliciter la méthodologie qui nous aura permis d’en sonder l’usage, dans un contexte de cyberlangage, afin de circonscrire et de définir la conjugaison de ces verbes. Une analyse comparative avec des verbes dont la flexion est régulière nous conduira à avancer des hypothèses quant à l’adéquation de l’infléchissabilité de ces verbes avec la typologie verbale holistique décrite par Bonami, et de mettre en lumière la défectivité propre à cette macroclasse. C’est ici que nous développerons le concept d’« euphonie défective », qui s’expliquerait par une tendance au « retour à la norme » induite par la recherche de schèmes prosodiques familiers.
La dissimilation consonantique en français Une relecture de Maurice Grammont
Authors: Bergounioux Gabriel
Published: June 2024

La dissimilation est l’une des notions avancées par la grammaire historique pour rendre compte d’une classe de changements qui s’exercent, de façon sporadique et aléatoire, à l’intérieur de certains mots lorsqu’un phonème (éventuellement deux phonèmes s’ils ne se distinguent que par un trait), généralement une sonante, apparaît à deux reprises dans un lexème. À condition que la transparence morphologique ne bloque pas la transformation, il arrive qu’une des occurrences se trouve convertie en un autre phonème proche dans le système (/m/ > /n/ ou /r/ > /l/ par exemple). La thèse de Maurice Grammont, La Dissimilation dans les langues indo-européennes et dans les langues romanes (1895), représente aujourd’hui encore la somme la plus conséquente sur ce sujet pour le français. On se propose d’éprouver la validité de ce concept qui s’avère, après examen des cent soixantequatre exemples proposés par l’auteur, ne constituer probablement qu’un artefact.
Le linguiste à l’épreuve de la nostalgie : l’étiolement linguistique en Forez, terroir francoprovençal
Authors: de Place Marie
Published: June 2024

En Forez, aux confins ouest du domaine francoprovençal, l’étiolement linguistique semble s’être déroulé, depuis les années 1925, sans un accroc, dans le silence des politiques locales, qui font pourtant grand cas de l’ancien parler des ouvriers stéphanois, le gaga. Cependant, le sociolinguiste qui se penche sur la situation actuelle du Forez a tôt fait de remarquer la permanence de comportements et de représentations sociales et linguistiques qui ne semblent pas dénuées de liens avec le patois disparu. Une série d’enquêtes de terrain menées de 2020 à 2023 a révélé la manière dont les systèmes socioéconomiques de la plaine et des monts du Forez, radicalement différents, ont entraîné des déroulements très divers du processus d’étiolement linguistique. L’insécurité linguistique aiguë ressentie par les ouvriers agricoles de la plaine, aux conditions de vie rudes, a mené à un rejet du patois et à une rupture de la transmission de sa mémoire, entachée de honte; dans les Monts en revanche, où la commune paysanne a fait corps face au développement des bourgs, la disparition du patois est simplement celle de la génération née avant et pendant la Seconde guerre mondiale. L’imaginaire linguistique forézien est, quoi qu’il en soit, peuplé de figures; le patois n’a plus d’existence que dans et par les souvenirs du monde où il était parlé. On le donc laisse mourir de sa belle mort. Bien que l’idéologie unilinguiste suscite encore à ce propos quelque malaise, on se plaît finalement à se le rappeler comme un souvenir d’enfance, et on s’empresse de désigner des hérauts d’armes, chargés de dicter la représentation métalinguistique collective. La patrimonialisation du patois est pourtant loin d’être amorcée. Les Foréziens redoutent qu’elle soit synonyme de dépossession de leur langue maternelle, à l’image de ce qu’il advint pour le parler gaga, extrait de son foyer d’origine, et souvent utilisé aujourd’hui pour faire rire les nouveaux venus à Saint-Étienne. Ils préfèrent parler du patois comme d’un héritage, qu’ils n’ont pas choisi, qui a été, souvent, cause de souffrance, mais qui, surtout, reste attaché aux noms de leurs anciens, à leurs sabots, et au monde dans lequel ils vécurent.
« Riad ? C’est breton ça ou quoi ? » – La diversité des structures de l’interrogation directe dans les bandes dessinées de Riad Sattouf
Authors: Leis Sabine
Published: June 2024

L’interrogation directe en français se manifeste dans une gamme de structures différentes relevant de vernaculaires d’époques distinctes (cf. Coveney, 2011: 112; Béguelin/Coveney/Guryev, 2018: 9). Du fait de cette variation, l’interrogation est un objet d’étude pertinent non seulement pour les études de la langue parlée (p. ex. Adli, 2015; Zumwald-Küster, 2018), mais aussi pour les travaux traitant de la mise en scène de l’oralité (p. ex. Nicolosi, 2022; Dekhissi/Coveney, 2018). Dans le présent article, je propose une étude des structures de l’interrogation directe et de leur mise en scène dans les bandes dessinées du bédéiste à succès Riad Sattouf (meilleur album au festival d’Angoulême 2010 et 2015, Grand Prix 2023). Mon approche méthodologique consiste en une analyse des variables internes et externes et je vise à tisser un lien entre les structures interrogatives et les groupes sociaux représentés (p. ex. les jeunes) ainsi que les situations communicatives.
Quelle est la catégorie syntaxique de la structure en préposition + quoi ?
Authors: Zhao Liping
Published: June 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à la catégorie syntaxique de la structure en prép. + quoi. Les groupes prép. + quoi étudiés sont ceux représentant des circonstants extra-prédicatifs de phrase, comme après quoi, à cause de quoi, au lieu de quoi, etc. Ils se distinguent des groupes prép. + quoi en tant que compléments essentiels (par exemple à quoi) et circonstants intra-prédicatifs (par exemple en quoi) articulés à un verbe. Dans cette étude du statut syntaxique de la structure en prép. + quoi, nous cherchons plus précisément à savoir si prép. + quoi fonctionne comme un subordonnant, comme un coordonnant, comme un adverbe, etc. Notre recherche montre qu’il s’agit d’une structure hybride tenant à la fois de la subordination et de l’autonomie prédicative.
Herausforderungen und Chancen im Kontext der Elternberatung mehrsprachiger Familien im Cochlea-Implantat-Versorgungsprozess – Eine Interviewstudie
Authors: Thyson Susann , Pützer Elena , Werminghaus Maika , Schmitz Lisa , Klenzner Thomas , Schäfer Karolin
Published: June 2024

Die vorliegende Studie adressiert die komplexen Dynamiken in der Cochlea-Implantat(CI)-Versorgung mehrsprachiger Familien in Deutschland. Die Leitlinie zur CI-Versorgung betont die Elternbeteiligung als zentralen Bestandteil der (Re)Habilitation. Mittels Expert*inneninterviews in drei CI-Zentren konnten Herausforderungen und Chancen im Behandlungsprozess identifiziert werden. Sprachliche und kulturelle Diversität sowie administrative Hürden manifestieren sich als herausfordernde Parameter im Anamnese- und Beratungskontext. Intensive Elternarbeit und die Nutzung neuer digitaler Anwendungen zur Ergänzung der Übersetzungsarbeit stellen sich dabei als Chancen und Ressourcen heraus. Insgesamt unterstreicht die Studie die Komplexität der CI-Versorgung in einem multilingualen Umfeld und liefert wertvolle Einblicke für die Weiterentwicklung von Versorgungsstrategien, die die individuellen Bedürfnisse mehrsprachiger Familien berücksichtigen.
The Association Between Oxidative Stress and Sperm Parameters in
Patients with Acromegaly
Authors: Sahin Serdar , Cicek Ebru , Kocaman Banu Betül , Sulu Cem , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Ozkara Hamdi , Konukoglu Dildar , Kadioglu Pinar
Published: June 2024

Objective Spermatozoa are susceptible to oxidative radicals when
antioxidant defenses are inadequate. The extent to which oxidative radicals
contribute to sperm damage in patients with acromegaly remains unclear. This
study aimed to investigate and elucidate this relationship.

Methods The overall status of oxidants and antioxidants in both seminal
plasma and serum of patients with acromegaly compared to a control group of
healthy individuals was investigated. In addition, sperm parameters, including
important measures such as growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1
concentrations.

Results Twenty-two patients with acromegaly with controlled disease and 14
healthy controls were included. The total oxidant status was significantly
higher in the semen samples of the patients with acromegaly. A negative
correlation was found between sperm total oxidant status and total sperm count
and sperm concentration. Similarly, a negative correlation was found between the
total sperm count and the sperm oxidative stress index. In individuals diagnosed
with acromegaly, there was a statistically significant increase in sperm growth
hormone levels. Conversely, the level of insulin-like growth factor 1 was
significantly increased in the sperm of the control group, which consisted of
healthy individuals. The correlation analysis revealed a significant
relationship between venous total oxidant status and growth hormone levels in
semen.

Conclusion The elevated levels of reactive oxygen radicals in individuals
with acromegaly suggest a possible link between oxidative stress and its effects
on semen quality.
Evaluation of the Malignancy Risk in Nodules Expanding the Thyroid
Gland Capsule
Authors: Arslan Ismail Emre , Bostan Hayri , Hepşen Sema , Akhanli Pinar , Sencar Muhammed Erkam , Cakal Erman
Published: June 2024

There has been an increase in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules in recent years.
In addition to the well-known criteria, features that are likely to increase the
risk of malignancy are in the research process. In this study, we aimed to
evaluate the malignant potential of nodules that expand the thyroid capsule
ultrasonographically. A total of 109 patients with thyroid capsule-expanding
nodules and 288 patients with non-expanding nodules were included in the study.
Demographical data, ultrasonography features, and cytology results were noted,
and histopathological findings were determined in operated patients. While
malignant cytology was detected in 5.5% of capsule-expanding nodules in FNAB
results, this rate was 0.7% in the non-capsule expanding group (p<0.001).
According to the histopathological results, the incidence of malignancy was
15.6% in the capsule-expanding nodule group, while it was 3.1% in the other
group (p=0.001). As a result of logistic regression analysis, it was determined
that the risk of malignancy increased by 4.44-fold (95% CI 1.4–13.8, p=0.01) in
patients with capsule-expanding nodules. Other features that increased the risk
of malignancy were hypoechogenicity, microcalcification, and irregular margin
presence. In this study, we found that the risk of malignancy increased in
nodules expanding the thyroid capsule. Based on the increasing study data on
this subject, monitoring thyroid capsule expansion in nodules may take its place
among the criteria for malignancy in future evaluations.
The Impact of High-Fidelity Simulator System on Bronchoscopy Operation Skills of Trainees Who Receive Refresher Training: A Teaching Study
Authors: Jin Guoping , Tao Xiaofen , Xu Hongzhen
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to explore the impact of high-fidelity simulator (HFS) training on the bronchoscopy operation skills, confidence, stress, and learning satisfaction of trainees who further their training at endoscopy center in our hospital. The study also investigated the practical application effects of HFS training and provided a reference for the development of clinical teaching and training programs in hospitals.

Methods The 18 trainees who furthered their training at the endoscopy center were evaluated for their bronchoscopy operation skills, confidence, and stress levels before and after HFS training. A survey on learning satisfaction was conducted after the completion of HFS training. The scores of all evaluations were collected for comparison of differences before and after HFS training.

Results HFS training improved the clinical operation skill levels and confidence of trainees who further their training at the endoscopy center, reduced their stress, and achieved 100% satisfaction from this training. Education level and department had no significant impact on trainees' operational skills and confidence improvement, and stress reduction (p > 0.05). The results of this study supported the influence of the history of endoscopy operations on the improvement of trainees' improved operational skills after HFS training, but it had no relation to the improvement of confidence and stress reduction. Trainees with a history of endoscopy operations had higher operation skill scores before and after HFS training (n = 5, 94.80 ± 2.95 and 97.60 ± 1.82, respectively) than those without a history of endoscopy operations (n = 13, 80.62 ± 2.53 and 86.38 ± 2.82, respectively), and the difference was significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion HFS training is an effective clinical teaching method that can significantly improve trainees' bronchoscopy operation skills and confidence, reduce stress, and achieve high levels of satisfaction.
Liquid metal offers fluid replacement of quantum chip interconnects
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: June 2024

Gallium alloy interconnects could enable non-destructive replacement of broken qubits in superconducting quantum computers without sacrificing performance.
Generalized mechanism for the solid phase transition of
M2O3 (M=AI, Ga) featuring single cation migration and
martensitic lattice transformation
Authors: Yang Xiao , Shang Cheng , Liu Zhi-Pan
Published: June 2024

Al2O3 and Ga2O3 exhibit numerous crystal phases with distinct stabilities and material properties. However, the phase transitions among those materials are typically undesirable in industrial applications, making it imperative to elucidate the transition mechanisms between these phases. The configurational similarities between Al2O3 and Ga2O3 allow for the replication of phase transition pathways between these materials. In this study, we investigate the potential phase transition pathway of alumina from the θ-phase to the α-phase using stochastic surface walking global optimization based on global neural network potentials, while extending an existing Ga2O3 phase transition path. Through this exploration, we identify a novel single-atom migration pseudomartensitic mechanism, which combines martensitic transformation with single-atom diffusion. This discovery offers valuable insights for experimental endeavors aimed at stabilizing alumina in transitional phases.
Retrieving genuine nonlinear Raman responses in ultrafast spectroscopy via deep learning
Authors: Fumero Giuseppe , Batignani Giovanni , Cassetta Edoardo , Ferrante Carino , Giagu Stefano , Scopigno Tullio
Published: June 2024

Noise manifests ubiquitously in nonlinear spectroscopy, where multiple sources contribute to experimental signals generating interrelated unwanted components, from random point-wise fluctuations to structured baseline signals. Mitigating strategies are usually heuristic, depending on subjective biases such as the setting of parameters in data analysis algorithms and the removal order of the unwanted components. We propose a data-driven frequency-domain denoiser based on a convolutional neural network to extract authentic vibrational features from a nonlinear background in noisy spectroscopic raw data. The different spectral scales in the problem are treated in parallel by means of filters with multiple kernel sizes, which allow the receptive field of the network to adapt to the informative features in the spectra. We test our approach by retrieving asymmetric peaks in stimulated Raman spectroscopy, an ideal test-bed due to its intrinsic complex spectral features combined with a strong background signal. By using a theoretical perturbative toolbox, we efficiently train the network with simulated datasets resembling the statistical properties and lineshapes of the experimental spectra. The developed algorithm is successfully applied to experimental data to obtain noise- and background-free stimulated Raman spectra of organic molecules and prototypical heme proteins.
Effect of airfoil thickness on gust–airfoil interaction noise
Authors: Jiang Shujie , Zhao JiangTao , Yan Zhen-Guo , Zhang Rongping , Wang Xunnian , Hu Zhiwei
Published: June 2024

Interaction between turbulence and an airfoil is a significant aerodynamic noise source for many engineering applications when turbulence in the wake of upstream blades interacts with the leading edge of downstream blades. Modeling the oncoming turbulence as harmonic gusts is a common approach to study the noise generated by turbulence–airfoil interaction. In former studies, it has been found that the sound reduces with the increase in airfoil thickness. However, this is not always true for high-reduced frequency cases. This paper studies airfoil thickness effects using a computational aeroacoustics approach based on the spectral/hp element method. It is found that the sound pressure decreases with the increase in thickness for low-reduced frequency gusts. However, the sound pressure increases in the upstream direction and declines downstream with the increase in thickness for high-reduced frequency cases. To reveal its mechanism, a semi-analytical method and the convective Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation are used for low- and high-reduced frequency, respectively, to analyze the radiated noise. For low-reduced frequency cases, the sound reduction due to thickness is caused by the decrease in amplitude in the leading edge region and the increase in phase difference along the airfoil. For high-reduced frequency cases, the phase difference in the upstream observer is much more significant than the downstream observer's due to the convective effect. The increase in phase difference results in a cancellation effect, which leads to a different behavior upstream.
Roadmap on photonic metasurfaces
Authors: Schulz Sebastian A. , Oulton Rupert. F. , Kenney Mitchell , Alù Andrea , Staude Isabelle , Bashiri Ayesheh , Fedorova Zlata , Kolkowski Radoslaw , Koenderink A. Femius , Xiao Xiaofei , Yang John , Peveler William J. , Clark Alasdair W. , Perrakis George , Tasolamprou Anna C. , Kafesaki Maria , Zaleska Anastasiia , Dickson Wayne , Richards David , Zayats Anatoly , Ren Haoran , Kivshar Yuri , Maier Stefan , Chen Xianzhong , Ansari Muhammad Afnan , Gan Yuhui , Alexeev Arseny , Krauss Thomas F. , Di Falco Andrea , Gennaro Sylvain D. , Santiago-Cruz Tomás , Brener Igal , Chekhova Maria V. , Ma Ren-Min , Vogler-Neuling Viola V. , Weigand Helena C. , Talts Ülle-Linda , Occhiodori Irene , Grange Rachel , Rahmani Mohsen , Xu Lei , Kamali S. M. , Arababi E. , Faraon Andrei , Harwood Anthony C. , Vezzoli Stefano , Sapienza Riccardo , Lalanne Philippe , Dmitriev Alexandre , Rockstuhl Carsten , Sprafke Alexander , Vynck Kevin , Upham Jeremy , Alam M. Zahirul , De Leon Israel , Boyd Robert W. , Padilla Willie J. , Malof Jordan M. , Jana Aloke , Yang Zijin , Colom Rémi , Song Qinghua , Genevet Patrice , Achouri Karim , Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Lemmer Ulrich , Fernandez-Corbaton Ivan
Published: June 2024

Here we present a roadmap on Photonic metasurfaces. This document consists of a number of perspective articles on different applications, challenge areas or technologies underlying photonic metasurfaces. Each perspective will introduce the topic, present a state of the art as well as give an insight into the future direction of the subfield.
TMEM16F exacerbates tau pathology and mediates phosphatidylserine exposure in phospho-tau-burdened neurons
Authors: Zubia Mario V. , Yong Adeline J. H. , Holtz Kristen M. , Huang Eric J. , Jan Yuh Nung , Jan Lily Y.
Published: June 2024

TMEM16F is a calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase and nonselective ion channel, which allows the movement of lipids bidirectionally across the plasma membrane. While the functions of TMEM16F have been extensively characterized in multiple cell types, the role of TMEM16F in the central nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, we sought to study how TMEM16F in the brain may be involved in neurodegeneration. Using a mouse model that expresses the pathological P301S human tau (PS19 mouse), we found reduced tauopathy and microgliosis in 6- to 7-mo-old PS19 mice lacking TMEM16F. Furthermore, this reduction of pathology can be recapitulated in the PS19 mice with TMEM16F removed from neurons, while removal of TMEM16F from microglia of PS19 mice did not significantly impact tauopathy at this time point. Moreover, TMEM16F mediated aberrant phosphatidylserine exposure in neurons with phospho-tau burden. These studies raise the prospect of targeting TMEM16F in neurons as a potential treatment of neurodegeneration.
The codriven assembly of molecular metalla-links (613, 623) and metalla-knots (41, 31) via coordination and noncovalent interactions
Authors: Bao Shu-Jin , Zou Yan , Zhang Hai-Ning , Jin Guo-Xin
Published: June 2024

Although mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) display unique properties and functions associated with their intricate connectivity, limited assembly strategies are available for their synthesis. Herein, we presented a synergistic assembly strategy based on coordination and noncovalent interactions (π–π stacking and CH⋯π interactions) to selectively synthesize molecular closed three-link chains (

6

1

3

links), highly entangled figure-eight knots (

4
1

knots), trefoil knot (

3
1

knot), and Borromean ring (

6

2

3

link).

6

1

3

links can be created by the strategic assembly of nonlinear multicurved ligands incorporating a furan or phenyl group with the long binuclear half-sandwich organometallic Cp*Rh
III
(Cp* =
η
5
-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) clip. However, utilizing much shorter binuclear Cp*Rh
III
units for union with the 2,6-naphthyl-containing ligand led to a

4
1

knot because of the increased π–π stacking interactions between four consecutive stacked layers and CH⋯π interactions. Weakening such π–π stacking interactions resulted in a

3
1

knot. The universality of this synergistic assembly strategy for building

4
1

knots was verified by utilizing a 1,5-naphthyl-containing ligand. Quantitative conversion between the

4
1

knot and the simple macrocycle species was accomplished by adjusting the concentrations monitored by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Furthermore, increasing the stiff π-conjugated area of the binuclear unit afforded molecular Borromean ring, and this topology is a topological isomer of the

6

1

3

link. These artificial metalla-links and metalla-knots were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and ESI-MS. The results offer a potent strategy for building higher-order MIMs and emphasize the critical role that noncovalent interactions play in creating sophisticated topologies.
The influence of linguistic and cognitive background on word stress processing in an unknown language
Authors: Schwab Sandra , Etter Faustine , Kamber Julie , Mouthon Michael , Rogenmoser Lars , Jost Lea B. , Annoni Jean-Marie
Published: June 2024

Individual differences in working memory and musical aptitude, as well as task complexity are crucial in
predicting the performance of word stress perception in a second language (L2). The present study investigated the interactive
effects of these factors with the listeners’ first language. French and German listeners, both without knowledge of Spanish,
performed stress-related tasks in Spanish, as well as musical and working memory tests in their L1. Besides confirming the impact
of L1, our findings better define the influence of working memory and musical aptitude on L2 stress perception by specifically
tapping into the central executive component of working memory, objectively assessing musical aptitude, and considering task
complexity as a moderating factor in the relationship between the inter-individual factors and L2 stress perception. Our findings
are also the first to demonstrate task-specific performance differences between French and German listeners, possibly reflecting
differential cognitive and perceptual mechanisms depending on L1.
Low-resolution prior equilibrium network for CT reconstruction
Authors: Yang Yijie , Gao Qifeng , Duan Yuping
Published: June 2024

The unrolling method has been investigated for learning variational models in x-ray computed tomography. However, for incomplete data reconstruction, such as sparse-view and limited-angle problems, the unrolling method of gradient descent of the energy minimization problem cannot yield satisfactory results. In this paper, we present an effective CT reconstruction model, where the low-resolution image is introduced as a regularization for incomplete data problems. In what follows, we utilize the deep equilibrium approach to unfolding of the gradient descent algorithm, thereby constructing the backbone network architecture for solving the minimization model. We theoretically discuss the convergence of the proposed low-resolution prior equilibrium (LRPE) model and provide the necessary conditions to guarantee its convergence. Experimental results on both sparse-view and limited-angle reconstruction problems are provided, demonstrating that our end-to-end LRPE model outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of noise reduction, contrast-to-noise ratio, and preservation of edge details.
Interlayer coupled domain wall dynamics induced by external magnetic field in synthetic antiferromagnets
Authors: Hadjoudja Amina , Garcia-Sanchez Felipe , Lopez-Diaz Luis
Published: June 2024

The response of a magnetic domain wall to an external magnetic field in a perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnet is studied using both micromagnetic simulations and a reduced model. It is found that the external field induces a sizable displacement between the position of the domain wall in each layer, which can be larger than the domain wall width for a sufficiently strong field. We also study the dynamic evolution of the system when this field is applied or removed. In both cases we find a complex response with two distinct phases that involve both internal domain wall rotation and coupled interlayer domain wall oscillations. As a result of this dynamics spin waves are radiated. The emitted radiation is characterized by a broadband spectrum and can be detected far away from the domain wall.
Tunable plasmon-induced transparency in anisotropic graphene-black phosphorus photonic device for high-performance sensors and switchers
Authors: Wang Zhe , Xie Juan , Fan Chunzhen
Published: June 2024

A novel photonic device composed of graphene and black phosphorus (G-BP) has been proposed, which achieves high-performance plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect within the THz range and maintains substantial tunability and anisotropy. The anisotropy of the PIT effect arises from the near-field coupling between two bright modes characterized by distinct effective electron masses of BP, resulting transparency window at 33.35 THz for TE polarization and at 26.92 THz for TM polarization. Through the modulation of Fermi energy in graphene, doping levels of BP and geometric parameters separately, a tunable transparency window is achieved. Notably, the convergence or divergence of the anisotropic transparency windows can be well manipulated with different BP doping levels. Furthermore, the proposed G-BP photonic device exhibits a high sensitivity to changes in the surrounding refractive index and substrates, with a maximum sensitivity of 12.04 THz/RI, rendering it suitable for sensor applications. Overall, the proposed photonic device exhibits notable PIT effects characterized by high anisotropic performance, substantial tunability, great sensitivity, and stability, making it a promising candidate for applications in sensors, polarizers, and switchers.
Chiral edge transport along domain walls in magnetic topological insulator nanoribbons
Authors: Pournaghavi N , Canali C M
Published: June 2024

Quantum anomalous Hall insulators are topologically characterized by non-zero integer Chern numbers, the sign of which depends on the direction of the exchange field that breaks time-reversal symmetry. This feature allows the manipulation of the conducting chiral edge states present at the interface of two magnetic domains with opposite magnetization and opposite Chern numbers. Motivated by this broad understanding, the present study investigates the quantum transport properties of a magnetized

B

i
2

S

e
3

topological insulator nanoribbon with a domain wall (DW) oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the transport direction. Employing an atomistic tight-binding model and a non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism, we calculate the quantum conductance and explore the nature of the edge states. We elucidate the conditions leading to exact conductance quantization and identify the origin of deviations from this behavior. Our analysis shows that although the conductance is quantized in the presence of the horizontal DW, the quantization is absent in the perpendicular DW case. Furthermore, the investigation of the spin character of the edge modes confirms that the conductance in the horizontal DW configuration is spin polarized. This finding underscores the potential of our system as a simple three dimensional spin-filter device.
Implementation of excellent spin-filtering effect in half-metallic electrode-based single-molecule optoelectronic devices
Authors: Zhu Guojia , Li Weili , Zhang Yanning
Published: June 2024

The application of half-metallic materials in single-molecule optoelectronic devices opens a promising way in advancing device performance and functionality, thus addressing a research question of significance. Here we propose a series of single-molecule devices with half-metallic FeN4-doped armchair graphene nanoribbon as electrodes and metalloporphyrin (MPr) molecules as photoresponsive materials for photon harvesting, which are driven by photogalvanic effects (PGEs). Through the quantum transport simulations, we systematically investigated the spin-polarized photocurrents under the linearly polarized light illumination in these devices. Since the exclusive opening only exists in the spin-up channel of the half-metallic nanoribbons, these devices can generate a large photocurrent in the spin-up direction whereas suppressing the spin-down photocurrent. Consequently, they exhibit an effective spin-filtering effect at numerous photon energies. Our study unveils the excellent spin-filtering effect achieved in single-molecule optoelectronic devices with half-metallic electrodes, showing instructive significance for the future design of new optoelectronic devices.
Search for an antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal in (MnTe)
m
(Sb2Te3)
n
and (MnTe)
m
(Bi2Te3)
n
superlattices
Authors: Boulton James A , Kim Ki Wook
Published: June 2024

The interaction between topology and magnetism can lead to novel topological materials including Chern insulators, axion insulators, and Dirac and Weyl semimetals. In this work, a family of van der Waals layered materials using MnTe and Sb2Te3 or Bi2Te3 superlattices as building blocks are systematically examined in a search for antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetals, preferably with a simple node structure. The approach is based on controlling the strength of the exchange interaction as a function of layer composition to induce the phase transition between the topological and the normal insulators. Our calculations, utilizing a combination of first-principles density functional theory and tight-binding analyses based on maximally localized Wannier functions, clearly indicate a promising candidate for a type-I magnetic Weyl semimetal. This centrosymmetric material, Mn10Sb8Te22 (or (MnTe)
m
(Sb2Te3)
n
with m = 10 and n = 4), shows ferromagnetic intralayer and antiferromagnetic interlayer interactions in the antiferromagnetic ground state. The obtained electronic bandstructure also exhibits a single pair of Weyl points in the spin-split bands consistent with a Weyl semimetal. The presence of Weyl nodes is further verified with Berry curvature, Wannier charge center, and surface state (i.e. Fermi arc) calculations. Other combinations of the MnSbTe-family materials are found to be antiferromagnetic topological or normal insulators on either side of the Mn:Sb ratio, respectively, illustrating the topological phase transition as anticipated. A similar investigation in the homologous (MnTe)
m
(Bi2Te3)
n
system produces mostly nontrivial antiferromagnetic insulators due to the strong spin–orbit coupling. When realized, the antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetals in the simplest form (i.e. a single pair of Weyl nodes) are expected to provide a promising candidate for low-power spintronic applications.
Special Issue on Solitons in Quantum Physics
Authors: Bum Chung Suk , Kwon Kim Se , Babaev Egor , Zang Jiadong
Published: June 2024

This is an Editorial for the Special Issue on Solitons in Quantum Physics.
Tailoring magnon modes by extending square, kagome, and trigonal spin ice lattices vertically via interlayer coupling of trilayer nanomagnets
Authors: de Rojas Julius , Atkinson Del , Adeyeye Adekunle O
Published: June 2024

In this work high-frequency magnetization dynamics and statics of artificial spin-ice lattices with different geometric nanostructure array configurations are studied where the individual nanostructures are composed of ferromagnetic/non-magnetic/ferromagnetic trilayers with different non-magnetic thicknesses. These thickness variations enable additional control over the magnetic interactions within the spin-ice lattice that directly impacts the resulting magnetization dynamics and the associated magnonic modes. Specifically the geometric arrangements studied are square, kagome and trigonal spin ice configurations, where the individual lithographically patterned nanomagnets (NMs) are trilayers, made up of two magnetic layers of

Ni

81

Fe

19

of 30 nm and 70 nm thickness respectively, separated by a non-magnetic copper layer of either 2 nm or 40 nm. We show that coupling via the magnetostatic interactions between the ferromagnetic layers of the NMs within square, kagome and trigonal spin-ice lattices offers fine-control over magnetization states and magnetic resonant modes. In particular, the kagome and trigonal lattices allow tuning of an additional mode and the spacing between multiple resonance modes, increasing functionality beyond square lattices. These results demonstrate the ability to move beyond quasi-2D single magnetic layer nanomagnetics via control of the vertical interlayer interactions in spin ice arrays. This additional control enables multi-mode magnonic programmability of the resonance spectra, which has potential for magnetic metamaterials for microwave or information processing applications.
Nanotechnology in tissue engineering: expanding possibilities with nanoparticles
Authors: Sardari Sohrab , Hheidari Ali , Ghodousi Maryam , Rahi Amid , Pishbin Esmail
Published: June 2024

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that merges engineering, material science, and medical biology in order to develop biological alternatives for repairing, replacing, maintaining, or boosting the functionality of tissues and organs. The ultimate goal of tissue engineering is to create biological alternatives for repairing, replacing, maintaining, or enhancing the functionality of tissues and organs. However, the current landscape of tissue engineering techniques presents several challenges, including a lack of suitable biomaterials, inadequate cell proliferation, limited methodologies for replicating desired physiological structures, and the unstable and insufficient production of growth factors, which are essential for facilitating cell communication and the appropriate cellular responses. Despite these challenges, there has been significant progress made in tissue engineering techniques in recent years. Nanoparticles hold a major role within the realm of nanotechnology due to their unique qualities that change with size. These particles, which provide potential solutions to the issues that are met in tissue engineering, have helped propel nanotechnology to its current state of prominence. Despite substantial breakthroughs in the utilization of nanoparticles over the past two decades, the full range of their potential in addressing the difficulties within tissue engineering remains largely untapped. This is due to the fact that these advancements have occurred in relatively isolated pockets. In the realm of tissue engineering, the purpose of this research is to conduct an in-depth investigation of the several ways in which various types of nanoparticles might be put to use. In addition to this, it sheds light on the challenges that need to be conquered in order to unlock the maximum potential of nanotechnology in this area.
Stopping power and range estimations in proton therapy based on prompt gamma timing: motion models and automated parameter optimization
Authors: Werner Julius , Pennazio Francesco , Schmid Niklas , Fiorina Elisa , Bersani Davide , Cerello Piergiorgio , Kasprzak Jona , Mosco Nicola , Ranjbar Sahar , Sacchi Roberto , Ferrero Veronica , Rafecas Magdalena
Published: June 2024

Objective. Particle therapy treatments are currently limited by uncertainties of the delivered dose. Verification techniques like Prompt-Gamma-Timing-based Stopping Power Estimation (PGT-SPE) may allow for reduction of safety margins in treatment planning. Approach. From Prompt-Gamma-Timing measurements, we reconstruct the spatiotemporal distribution of prompt gamma emissions, which is linked to the average motion of the primary particles. The stopping power is determined by fitting a model of the average particle motion. Here, we compare a previously published implementation of the particle motion model with an alternative formulation and present two formulations to automatically select the hyperparameters of our procedure. The performance was assessed using Monte-Carlo simulations of proton beams (60 MeV–219 MeV) impinging on a homogeneous PMMA phantom. Main results. The range was successfully determined within a standard deviation of 3 mm for proton beam energies from 70 MeV to 219 MeV. Stopping power estimates showed errors below 5% for beam energies above 160 MeV. At lower energies, the estimation performance degraded to unsatisfactory levels due to the short range of the protons. The new motion model improved the estimation performance by up to 5% for beam energies from 100 MeV to 150 MeV with mean errors ranging from 6% to 18%. The automated hyperparameter optimization matched the average error of previously reported manual selections, while significantly reducing the outliers. Significance. The data-driven hyperparameter optimization allowed for a reproducible and fast evaluation of our method. The updated motion model and evaluation at new beam energies bring us closer to applying PGT-SPE in more complex scenarios. Direct comparison of stopping power estimates between treatment planning and measurements during irradiation would offer a more direct verification than other secondary-particle-based techniques.
Elastic cross section data for precursor molecules used in low-temperature plasmas: Sn(CH3)4 and Ga(CH3)3
Authors: Randi Pedro A S , Moreira Giseli M , Bettega Márcio H F
Published: June 2024

Tetramethyltin [Sn(CH3)4] and trimethylgallium [Ga(CH3)3] are important source molecules of Sn and Ga atoms which are used in manufacturing techniques involving low-temperature plasmas. Accurate numerical modeling of plasma environments requires a comprehensive set of electron scattering cross sections by these precursor molecules. Here, we report the elastic integral, differential, and momentum transfer cross sections for electron collisions with Sn(CH3)4 and Ga(CH3)3 for energies ranging from 0 to 30 eV. Our calculations were carried out with the Schwinger multichannel method implemented with pseudopotentials and considered two levels of approximation in our calculations, namely static-exchange and static-exchange plus polarization. We identified three shape resonances for Sn(CH3)4 and one clear low-lying resonance for Ga(CH3)3. The low-energy behavior of the s-wave cross section and eigenphase was investigated and, for both molecules, we found evidence of a Ramsauer–Townsend (RT) minimum and a virtual state. Our results indicate that negative differential conductivity would occur in a gas composed of Sn(CH3)4. On the other hand, this effect would be suppressed in a gas of Ga(CH3)3 due to an overlap between the position of the RT minimum and the shape resonance in the momentum-transfer cross section.
Optimization of energy storage and electrocaloric performance in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 via A-Site La and Bi Co-doping
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Malhotra Keshav , Nishu  , Syal Rajat , Gupta Shailendra , Sharma Gyaneshwar , Singh Arun Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: June 2024

Lead-based ferroelectrics are one of the most fascinating candidates in the field of state-of-the-art electronic technology. Their intriguing properties are further enriched via the realization of morphotropic phase boundaries. Moreover, the A-site chemical substitution provides insight into the emergence of various exotic phases. Here, we employ co-doping of La3+ and Bi3+ at the A-site of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric to broaden the practical perspective of relaxor systems. Here, we emphasize that the A-site co-doping approach introduces technologically appealing amendments in the well-established temperature composition phase diagram of the PZT system. La3+ and Bi3+ doping favors the evolution of a novel response to thermal and field fluctuations. The maximum values of

−

Δ

S

are found to be ∼0.157, 0.118 and 0.176 J (kg·K)−1 for

x
=
0.01
,

 

0.02

and

0.03

, respectively. We employ the electrocaloric characteristics and Arrott plot as probing tools. The observation of a negative electrocaloric effect and the systematic reversal of Arrott lines, followed by a poling effect on the dielectric constant, reveals the emergence of ergodic phase as a novel phase. This further reveals that the Bi doping approach leads to the emergence of exotic characteristics in the chemically modified PZT system. The maximum observed recoverable energy for the composition for x = 0.01 is 0.0479 J cm−3 at a temperature of 388 K.
An implicit tailored finite point method for the Burgers’ equation: leveraging the Cole-Hopf transformation
Authors: Shyaman V P , Sreelakshmi A , Awasthi Ashish
Published: June 2024

Any expedition in designing numerical methods besides aiming at accuracy, also equally steers for simplicity and ease in implementation. This paper brings in one such algorithm the tailored finite point method (TFPM) in tandem with the Cole Hopf transformation. At the initiation, the non-linear Burgers’ equation is transformed into a linear heat equation to which TFPM is applied. The proffered TFPM functions on an explicit stencil on the left boundary of the domain and on an implicit stair stencil throughout the rest of the domain. On these stencils, the nodal solutions at the advanced temporal level are written as a linear combination of the solutions at the remaining nodes within the stencil. The scalars involved in the linear combination are identified by the application of fundamental solutions into the stencil resultantly infusing the essential nature of the local exact solutions into the approximations. The foundation of such a linear combination avoids the need for complex computations involving matrix multiplication and inversion. The numerical accuracy of the method is established through comparisons of TFPM solutions of classical examples with the exact solutions and solutions from other contemporary methodologies. The theoretical correctness of the method is established through analyses of consistency, stability, and convergence. Furthermore, the method exhibits the potential for extension to higher dimensions and other complex modalities.