bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole genome resequencing infers genomic basis of the Giant phenotype in Betta splendens
Authors: Wang Le , Sun Fei , Lee May , Yue Gen
Published: January 2024

Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypes is of importance in
evolutionary biology, and genetic improvement of economic animals. The
Giant strain of fighting fish, Betta splendens, provides a unique
material for dissecting the genetic architecture of overgrowth of body
size because of its giant body size. We re-sequenced and analyzed the
genomes of 54 fighting fish. Genome-wide FST and selective sweeps scans
using 3,582,429 DNA variants revealed that three genomic regions at
chr1, chr9 and chr11 were associated with the giant body size. These
regions, with a total length of ~ 3.5 Mb, were highly
diverged between the Giant and the non-Giant bettas. In contrast, no
signature of selection was detected in the wild type fish. Transcriptome
analysis in the brain and muscle samples from Giant and non-Giant betta
fish identified 14 candidate genes that were likely responsible for the
giant body size. Our data provide novel insight into the genetic basis
of body size variation. The genome and transcriptome sequences, DNA
sequence variants and candidate genes for body size provide valuable
resources for further biological and evolutionary studies, as well as
for rapid improvement of growth-related traits.
Optimization of USBR VI Stilling Basin by Entropy Generation
Authors: Behnamtalab Ehsan , Lakzian Esmail , Hosseini Saeed Baghdar
Published: January 2024

Stilling basins are used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the flow.
USBR VI stilling basin is one of the oldest energy dissipators designed
for dissipating the pipe outlet flow. This basin looks like a box with
the intermediate baffle and an endsill. In this paper, the effect of the
USBR VI stilling basin geometry on the entropy generation has been
studied numerically by solving the RANS equations. In this research, the
entropy generation analysis is used for the first time in the USBR VI
stilling basin. In this study, the total entropy generation is
introduced as an index for designing the USBR VI stilling basin. The
effect of the W/D ratio (Basin width to incoming flow depth to the
basin) on the flow field, entropy generation rate, and total entropy
generation is analyzed. The results showed that variations of the total
entropy generation have a good agreement with variations of the total
hydraulic head loss along the basin, mean and maximum velocity on the
endsill, and shear velocity near the downstream channel bed. The results
also demonstrated that a large W/D ratio is beneficial for the best
performance and highest energy dissipation.
INVESTIGATION of ANEMIA and RELATED FACTORS in PREGNANCY A CROSS-SECTİONAL STUDY from TURKEY
Authors: Yalçın Ebru Esra , Doğaner Yusuf Çetin , Aydoğan Ümit , Karaşahin Kazım Emre , Demirköse Hacer
Published: January 2024

Background and aim: Anemia is a public health problem in developing
countries. In our study, it is aimed to investigate the relationship
between the presence of anemia in pregnancy and the factors which
influence anemia. Method: Our study was conducted with 567 voluntary
pregnant contributors who attended as outpatients to Gulhane Education
and Research Hospital Obstetrics Polyclinics between December 2018 and
February 2019. The assessment questionnaire included questions about
sociodemographic information, obstetric history and medication
adherence, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 forms. Results: Mean age
of 567 voluntary pregnants was 28.1 ± 5.0 (18-43) years and mean
hemoglobin values were 12.4±1.3 (6.1- 15.6) g/dL. Of the contributors,
%12.3 had hemoglobin values <11 g/dL of which was described
as anemia. Patients who had taken their medication regularly were less
likely to have anemia than the ones were not under the regular treatment
[%9.6, vs.%16.2,(38),(p=0.018)]. Patients with a chronic disease
before pregnancy showed significantly lower anemia prevalence
[%6.3] compared to patients without the chronic disease [%61
(p=0.034)]. Based on PHQ-9 scores, %43.9 of contributors showed mild
signs of depression. A statistically significant difference between
anemia presence and depression signs was not detected. Conclusion:
Anemia was more frequent in pregnant women who were treated for anemia
in their previous pregnancy, and pregnant with a chronic disease before
pregnancy were less likely to have anemia. Since early diagnosis and
treatment of anemia, which significantly affects maternal and infant
health, can be possible during pregnancy, anemia should be evaluated in
all women planning and conceiving a pregnancy.
HUMAN ASTROVIRUS VA1 ENCEPHALITIS IN PEDIATRIC CANCER PATIENTS: REPORT OF TWO CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Bami Sakshi , Hidinger Jennifer , Madni Arshia , Hargest Virginia , Schultz-cherry Stacey , Cortez Valerie , Cross Shane , Ward Deborah , Hayden Randall , Rubnitz Jeffrey , Pui Ching-Hon , Khan Raja , Hijano Diego
Published: January 2024

Novel human astrovirus (HAstV) strains have been recently shown to cause
fatal encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. We report two cases
from our institution. A 2-year old female undergoing treatment for acute
lymphoblastic leukemia and a 9-year old male with refractory acute
myeloid leukemia. Both were found to have HAstV-VA1 in the cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) by metagenomics next generation sequencing (m-NGS) after the
initial evaluation did not reveal any etiology. Patient 1 remains alive,
in remission, showing gradual neurological improvement after treatment
with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, ribavirin, nitazoxanide and
Peg-INF-alpha 2b. Patient 2 died 7 weeks later while receiving
palliative care.
Pollutant transport in a homogenous aquifer with plate stacks
Authors: Kubra Khadija , Lehre Sana Ullah , McKibbin Robert , Mehmood Komal
Published: January 2024

This study aims at investigating the numerical analysis of pollutant
transport in homogenous porous media in the presence of plate stacks.
The investigation is performed for solid objects of the same size placed
in an inline arrangement in a homogenous porous media. The pollutant
transport equation (i.e., steady-state and time-dependent
advection-diispersion) is chosen in mathematical modeling. Furthermore,
on basis of dispersion coefficient, three more cases arise which include
uniformly constant, dependence on the magnitude of velocity, and
dependence on both magnitude of velocity and its direction. Such models
have a wide range of applications. Generally, the analytical solution of
such problems doesn’t exist, so all the work is done numerically. The
governing partial differential equation of pollutant concentration is
approximated by using finite difference technique. Central and one-sided
finite difference formulae are used to discretize the domain. MATLAB
software is used to compute approximations to velocity potential and
stream function. Then equipotential lines and streamlines are visualized
in form of contours. Both, velocity potential and stream function
satisfy Laplace’s equation and they are harmonic. Fluid flow lines and
pollutant concentration are represented graphically for various
parameters involved. It is observed that the size, shape, and position
of pervious objects, entrance length of the domain affect fluid flow and
pollutant transport. However, there is no significant effect of heated
objects on pollutant transport. Moreover, advection and dispersion
depend upon the permeability of porous media and the properties of the
solid matrix.
Optimization of the nutritional constituents for ergosterol peroxide production by Paecilomyces cicadae based on the mono-factor test, uniform design, non-linear regression, and structured kinetic model
Authors: zhang zhicai , shi fenhui , he linfu , qian jingya , zheng huihua
Published: January 2024

In the present study, we optimized medium components for the production
of ergosterol peroxide (EP) by Paecilomyces cicadae based on a
mono-factor experiment, a uniform design, and a non-linear regression
analysis. A maximum EP yield of 256 μg/L was achieved, which was
increased by 5-fold compared with that before the optimization.
Structured Monod model, Andrews model, Contois model, and Aibe model
were developed to describe the effects of viscosity inhibition,
substrate, and production on biomass growth. The results showed that the
Monod model could predict biomass growth, and the effects of viscosity
and substrate on the EP concentration were significantly higher compared
with the effect of production. Moreover, the addition of water and
glycerol could decrease the viscosity inhibition and glycerol
inhibition, and further increase the EP yield. The newly developed
structured model was demonstrated for batch growth of P. cicadae.
An Improved SLIC Algorithm for Segmentation of Microscopic Cell Images
Authors: He Fuyun , Mahmud M A Parvez , Kouzani Abbas Z. , Anwar Adnan , Jiang Frank , Ling Sai Ho
Published: January 2024

Accurate nuclear and cell segmentations plays an important role in
improving the accuracy of target recognition in microscopic cell images.
As the traditional SLIC (Simple Linear Iterative Clustering) algorithm
cannot segment microscopic cell images well, an improved SLIC superpixel
segmentation algorithm based on gray scale enhancement and regional
equalization is proposed. According to the characteristics of
microscopic cell images, selecting different transformation parameters
with the conditional iterative algorithm, the best classification
multi-threshold method based on maximum entropy criterion is used to
nonlinearly enhance the gray scale of the original images, while
enhancing the contrast of the image, it also greatly improves the
balance of each classification region. Then the gray distance and
spatial distance are calculated respectively in the circle neighborhood
of the cluster center to realize the superpixel segmentation of the
image. Finally, the improved SLIC algorithm and the comparison algorithm
are tested and evaluated. The experimental results show that our
improved SLIC algorithm model has higher segmentation accuracy and is
more suitable for cell segmentation in microscopic cell images than
original SLIC algorithm.
How Slovak Kidney Transplant Program Worked and How COVID-19 Crisis Influenced Kidney Transplant Recipients in Slovakia
Authors: Žilinská Zuzana , Chrastina Martin , Žitňáková Marcela , Lacková Eva , Beňa Ľuboslav , Baltesová Tatiana , Rosenberger Jaroslav , Graňák Karol , Vnučák Matej , Dedinská Ivana
Published: January 2024

Background: The aim of our analysis was to evaluate the impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic on the procurement program and kidney transplantation
in Slovakia and to identify the risk factors for a severe course of
COVID-19 disease, as well as the risk factors for COVID-19 fatalities,
with focus on the parameters preceding the infection. Methods: 305 KTRs
(68.8% males) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positivity were included in the
multicentric retrospective analysis. Results: The procurement program
and kidney transplants in Slovakia dropped in the observed period by
28.6% (P<0.0001) and by 33.5% (P<0.0001)
respectively. Age over 59 years (OR=1.03, P=0.0088) and diabetes
mellitus (OR=2.04, P=0.0106) were identified as independent risk factors
for severe course of the disease. Risk factors for death were age over
59 years (OR=1.05, P=0.0003) and graft dysfunction with
CKD-EPI<0.5 mL/s (OR=4.87, P=0.0029). The prevalence of the
alpha variant in Slovakia was associated with a severe course in KTRs
treated with corticoids (OR=5.72, P=0.0273) and in graft dysfunction
with CKD-EPI<0.5 mL/s (OR=2.94, P=0.0076); the risk of death
was higher in KTRs over 59 years (OR=1.07, P=0.0173) and again with
CKD-EPI<0.5 mL/s (OR=4.42, P=0.0393). KTRs had a 3.7 times
lower risk of infection compared to hemodialysis patients (14% vs 52%,
P<0.0001), with mortality of 9.8% vs 30%
(P<0.0001). Conclusion: The procurement and transplant program
is sustainable even during a pandemic, provided that measures are set up
quickly. Morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 in KTRs was comparable to
the situation in EU countries.
Existence, nonexistence and L∞−solutions of p−Kirchhoff equation in RN
Authors: zhu shenglan , chen caisheng
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study the existence, nonexistence and L∞−solutions to
the following p−Kirchhoff equation
−M(||∇u||)∆u
+ V(x)|u|u = f(x, u), x ∈ R^N
,where M(t) = a + bt , t ≥ 0, a > 0, b, τ
≥ 0, 1 < p < N, and V (x) is a continuous and
nonnegative function in R . Under suitable conditions
on V (x) and f(x, u), the existence of infinitely many bounded solutions
and the nonexistence of solutions to Eq.(0.1) are investigated.
A Simple Method For Interpolating and Integrating Discontinuous Functions ‎
Authors: Shoukralla Emil
Published: January 2024

There are many scientific problems related to the topic of
interpolation, especially for non-‎continuous functions, as well as the
evaluating of the integrals of such non-continuous ‎‎functions. These
needs appear clearly in the development of profit and loss plans in
economic ‎‎projects, stock exchange transactions, and investment funds,
solving ecological issues and ‎‎recording data on the evolution of
epidemics and virology. We investigate a new straightforward ‎‎method
for interpolating and integrating discontinuous valued functions. The
method is based ‎‎on some modified ‎matrix-vector ‎barycentric Lagrange
interpolation formulas. We developed ‎‎seven rules for the ‎optimum
distribution of nodes ‎inside the domain of integration; five for
‎‎single-valued ‎discontinuous functions, and two rules for the two
independent variables ‎‎discontinuous ‎functions. We designed these
rules to be depending on the length of the ‎‎integration domain and ‎the
degree of the interpolant polynomials. Thus, we obtained uniform
‎‎interpolation and the ‎minimum roundoff errors. Based on these rules
with the application of the ‎‎modified matrix-vector barycentric
formulas, we easily isolated the singularities of the ‎‎interpolant
integrands and ‎evaluated the corresponding interpolant integral values
with super ‎‎accuracy. The numerical ‎solutions of the given five
examples show the ‎super accuracy, and ‎‎efﬁciency of the ‎presented
method compared with a cited method.‎ ‎ Keywords- interpolation,
singular integrals, computational methods‎
E-tool for improving vaginal health care Development and evaluation of an electronic decision aid for self-diagnosis and treatment in General Practice in the Netherlands.
Authors: Heijde Claudia Maria Van der , Hoek Merel , Vonk Peter
Published: January 2024

Rationale, Aims and objectives The management of vaginal health care in
general practice settings is performing suboptimal. Vaginal complaints
are of frequent and recurrent nature and often stay untreated or are
maltreated. eHealth and increased empowerment of patients offer
opportunities to improve vaginal health care offered by GPs. The aim is
to develop and evaluate an e-tool for women with vaginal complaints, for
improving vaginal health care. With this e-tool women can estimate the
necessity to schedule a GP consult, wait, or self-diagnose and
self-treat. Methods For this qualitative study, the setting is a large
general practitioners’ office in the Netherlands. After developing the
electronic decision aid, we used a purposive sample of 10 women of
different ages, to evaluate the e-tool. The data was collected through
semi-structured and cognitive interviews, encouraging the thinking aloud
method. The interviews were processed with thematic content analysis.
Information about (dis)satisfaction was obtained with comparing
expectations and perceptions of the subsets content, development process
and effectiveness of the e-tool. Results Besides providing information,
the e-tool enables women to self-structure their symptoms and prepare
them for consultation with their GP (if necessary) or self-diagnose and
self-treat (if appropriate). Although in general the women were
satisfied, we also got various tips for improvement and further
refinement of this electronic decision aid. Conclusions To the best of
our knowlegde, this is the first, scientifically developed, (prototype)
of an e-tool for self-diagnosis and treatment of vaginal complaints. In
the near future, implementing an e-tool for vaginal complaints in
general practice, seems promising in making vaginal health care more
effective and efficient.
Effect of low expression level of acetyl CoA synthetase on secondary metabolite in Monascus.sp
Authors: Lin Lin , Chundan Zhang , Xinman Shao , Pupin Liu , Zhangfei Wu , Yanxia Lu , Hongzhen Guo
Published: January 2024

Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a key metabolite for energy metabolism
and biosynthetic pathways produced by acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) gene.
In previous study, ACS gene were speculated to be related to metabolites
production of Monascus sp. In this study, the expression level of ACS
gene was inhibited by RNAi. 10 transformants were picked out to measure
the expression level of ACS gene by RT-qPCR. The ACS gene expression
level of transformant T7 was the lowest, 0.401 times higher than that of
the wild strain. So T7 was selected for the follow-up study. The effects
on the colonial morphology of Monascus had been observed. And the
morphology of mycelia and spores were observed by scanning electron
microscope. The contents of main secondary metabolites of Monascus- MK,
citrinin were determined by HPLC. And the color values of wild-type
strain and T7 transformant have been measured to reflect the content of
pigments by spectrophotometer. The results showed that low expression
level of ACS gene by RNAi could inhibit the growth of Monascus colonies
and could affect the mycelial growth and the type of pigments. The low
expression level of ACS gene could affect the formation and morphology
of M. buliginosus M1 spores. It also could inhibit all the production of
main secondary metabolites of Monascus-MK, citrinin and pigment at the
same time.
Heart-on-a-chip based on machine vision and artificial intelligence
Authors: Ma Xin , Barros Natan , Zhao Ji
Published: January 2024

The research and development of cardiac drugs often focus on drug
efficacy and side effects. However, traditional drug detection model of
two-dimensional cell culture in Petri dish can not meet the need of drug
industry with lower cost and quick time. Heart-on-a-chip (HOC) as an
alternative physiological model to simulate human heart microenvironment
in vitro now is accelerating medicine Research and Development, and is
developing towards the direction of multi-disciplinary integration. The
technical fields involved include biology, chemistry, material, and
especially AI. Biosensor and machine vision, as frequently used
engineering methods in computer science and bioelectronics, can also be
used in HOC at present, which undoubtedly improve the rich functions of
HOC and the prediction ability of drug safety and efficiency in
pharmacology research, and definitely provide big data for real-time
data analysis. In this paper, we firstly introduce the physiological
structure of heart, and secondly clarify the heart-on-a-chip and its
working principle, materials, and fabrication, furtherly present some
interesting samples of heart-on-a-chip combined with biosensor and
machine vision, and finally put forward the research vision and
challenges in the future.
Ten-year Outcome In Disseminated Juvenile Xanthogranuloma With Central Nervous System Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Siddaiahgari Sirisha , Lingappa Lokesh , PL Chandravathi
Published: January 2024

Background: Disseminated juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) and central
nervous system (CNS) involvement has unfavorable outcome. Observation: A
3.5-year-old presented with headache, left hemiparesis of 2 weeks
duration and encephalopathy, polyuria, polydipsia of > 6
months, multiple skin lesions from infancy, diagnosed as JXG with
diabetes insipidus. Regression for >2 years was observed
with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)-III protocol, desmopressin.
Relapse after six months off-treatment was treated with LCH-IV protocol,
later with salvage regimen; maintenance therapy for a year and now in
remission for > 6 years. Conclusions Good neurological
outcome is possible in chemo sensitive JXG is despite extensive CNS
lesions.
miRNA-155-5p regulates the activation and immunosuppressive function of Tregs by targeting BCL10 in autoimmune myasthenia gravis
Authors: Jing Sun , Sun Meng , li ling , Xie fang , Gong pan , Wang Manxia
Published: January 2024

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease. Evidence
has shown that the function of the lymphocyte immune can be regulated by
microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to explore whether miR-155-5p can
regulate the activation and suppressive function of T-regulating cells
(Tregs) in MG. Methods: Blood samples of patients with MG were collected
to evaluate the levels of miR-155-5p, BCL10, and the proportion of
Tregs. The correlation between the level of miR-155-5p and BCL10 was
evaluated in humans. The levels of miR-155-5p and the proportion of
Tregs were further detected in the experimental model of autoimmune
myasthenia gravis (EAMG). The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to
verify whether miR-155-5p can target BCL10. To reveal the regulatory
function of BCL10 to Tregs, CD4+CD25+Tregs were transfected with either
si-BCL10 or miR-155-5p inhibitors, and detected by measuring
anti-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors. Results: The
level of miR-155-5p significantly increased in MG patients compared to
the control group (P<0.001), while the level of BCL10
significantly decreased in MG patients (P<0.001). There was a
negative correlation between the level of miR-155-5p and BCL10
(r=0.3292, P=0.0253). The proportion of Tregs significantly decreased in
MG patients and the spleen of EAMG rats compared to the control groups
(P<0.001; P<0.05, respectively). The dual-luciferase
reporter assay showed that miR-155-5p can target BCL10. BCL10
contributed to the activation and immunosuppressive function of Tregs.
Conclusions: miR-155-5p inhibits the activation and immunosuppressive
function of Tregs by targeting BCL10, which may be a potential target in
the treatment of MG.
Immunotherapy as a Treatment Modality for Mucosal Melanomas of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wehbe Jad , Jaikaransingh Dominic , Walker Abigail
Published: January 2024

Abstract Introduction Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare disease,
accounting for approximately 1.4% of all melanomas and only 0.03% of
all new cancer diagnoses [1]. Traditionally, it is associated with a
poor prognosis with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than
25%[1]. Progress in treatment has been hindered by rarity and lack
of evidence. Studies however of treatment of subcutaneous melanoma with
immunotherapy have demonstrated a significant improvement in survival
rates and have become a core part of oncological strategy. This paper
will discuss revision of the evidence for the use of immunotherapy in
the Head and Neck. Design A systematic review was conducted on
19/01/2019. Medline and Embase databases were searched. 509 articles
were collated, of which 52 met the inclusion criteria. Results Results
were shown as a comparison of yearly survival rates following different
treatment modalities (immunotherapy vs non-immunotherapy) at 2 years, 3
years, and 5 years respectively. Conclusions Immunotherapy outcomes in
small studies have shown good data for increasing survival rates at all
yearly intervals in MM of the head and neck. Larger clinical trials
should be done to accurately distinguish efficacy and survival outcomes
of immunotherapy when compared to treatment modalities excluding
immunotherapy. The ability to perform larger trials are, however,
limited by the rarity of MM of the head and neck.
Dynamical behavior of a stochastic two-species Lotka-Volterra competition system in a patchy environment
Authors: Liu Qun
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we propose and analyze a higher-order stochastically
perturbed two-species Lotka-Volterra competition system in a patchy
environment. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence and
uniqueness of an ergodic stationary distribution of positive solutions
to the system by constructing a series of suitable Lyapunov functions.
Moreover, we also obtain the asymptotic behavior of the solutions around
the boundary equilibrium of the deterministic system.
Validation and clinical application of a method to quantify efavirenz in cervicovaginal secretions from flocked swabs using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Olagunju Adeniyi , Nwogu Jacinta , Eniayewu Oluwasegun , Atoyebi Shakir , Amara Alieu , Kpamor John , Bolaji Oluseye , Adejuyigbe Ebunoluwa , Owen Andrew , Khoo Saye
Published: January 2024

Abstract Aim: An LC-MS/MS method to quantify drug in dried
cervicovaginal secretions from flocked swab was developed and validated
using the antiretroviral efavirenz as example. Methods: Cervicovaginal
swabs (CVS) were prepared by submerging flocked swabs in
efavirenz-spiked matrix. Time to full saturation, weight uniformity,
recovery and room temperature stability were evaluated. Chromatographic
separation was on a reverse-phase C18 column by gradient elution using
1mM ammonium acetate in water/acetonitrile at 400 µL/min. Detection and
quantification were on a TSQ Quantum Access triple quadrupole mass
spectrometer operated in negative ionisation mode. The method was used
to quantify efavirenz in CVS samples from HIV-positive women in the
VADICT study (NCT03284645). Results: Swabs were fully saturated within
15 seconds, absorbing 128 µL of matrix with coefficient of variation
(%CV) below 1.3%. The method was linear with a weighting factor (1/X)
in the range of 25-10000 ng/mL with inter- and intra-day precision (%
CV) of 7.69-14.9%, and accuracy (% bias) of 99.1-105.3%. Mean
recovery of efavirenz from CVS was 83.8% (%CV, 11.2) with no
significant matrix effect. Efavirenz remained stable in swabs for at
least 35 days after drying and storage at room temperature. Median
(range) CVS efavirenz AUC0-24h was 16370 ng*h/mL (5803-22088), Cmax was
1618 ng/mL (610-2438) at a Tmax of 8.0 h (8.0-12), and Cmin was 399
ng/mL (110-981). Efavirenz CVS:plasma AUC0-24 ratio was 0.41
(0.20-0.59). Conclusion: Further application of this method will improve
our understanding of the pharmacology of other therapeutics in the
female genital tract, including in low- and middle-income countries.
Different information needs -- the major reasons for calling the helpline when invited to colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Fritzell Kaisa , Kottorp Anders , Jervaeus Anna
Published: January 2024

Background and aims Colorectal cancer screening programmes, targeting
one of the most common cancers worldwide are widely spread, however,
well known for facing challenges due to low participation. Using
decision aids (DAs), often accessible online including disease related
information, information about the screening procedure, benefit and
harms with screening and value clarification exercises, in connection to
a treatment- or screening decision helps people to make informed
decision about screening. This study pertains the design of a DA,
including views and concerns lay people have when invited to CRC
screening, to shed light on their information- and support needs.
Therefore, the aim of study was to explore the calling patterns to the
Screening of Swedish Colons (SCREESCO) study’s helpline. Method A
descriptive study using a cross sectional design with data from
documented telephone calls to a CRC screening helpline. Results More
than 2000 calls (women 58.5%; colonoscopy 59%) were analyzed. Reasons
for calling were: unsubscribing from screening (25%), confirmation of
participation (24%), logistical concerns about the screening procedure
(20%), counseling (19%), and FIT screening difficulties or in need of
a new FIT test (10%). Co-morbidity was the most frequent reason for
unsubscribing (14%) and most of the counselling calls included
questions about the FIT test or the colonoscopy (56%). Conclusions
Since the helpline mainly was used for informational purposes – we
conclude that the information provided was unclear or should be
presented in alternative ways. Still, Interaction possibilities with
health care professionals are, important in case of ambiguity anxiety or
by individual preference. The planned decision aid (DA) should provide
knowledge generated information with respect to the individual’s needs,
health- and digital literacy with a possibility to interact with health
care professionals.
Reevaluation of EPO and its Derivatives Centering on β Common Receptor
Authors: Luo Yumin , Wang Rongliang , Yang Zhenhong
Published: January 2024

EPO has been found to be protective to multiple injuries long time ago.
Discovery of the so-called tissue protective receptor “EPOR/βcR” is
astonishing among EPO researchers. βcR is a receptor subunit shared by
IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF and EPO, but no attention has been paid to these three
cytokines in EPO research. This article unprecedentedly presented that
potential relations between EPO and IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF should be highly
valued. We respectively compared GM-CSF and IL-3 to EPO/EPO derivatives,
and summarized similar and opposite functions between these two
cytokines and EPO/EPO derivatives. Here, drawbacks of the EPOR/βcR
theory were deeply discussed and new hypothesis about the mechanism of
EPO protection was proposed. In a word, referring to stagnation of EPO
research and defects of current recognition, reassessment of our
understandings about EPO’s protective function is of great urgency.
Cardiac rehabilitation promotes device endothelialization and reduces peri-device leak in atrial fibrillation patients with left atrial appendage occlusion
Authors: wu yucheng , lin jie , gong benbingdi , wang lichun , wang qiuchen , zhao jing , ruan zhongbao , xu kai
Published: January 2024

Aims: Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion for Atrial fibrillation (AF)
is an invasive therapy to reduce stroke incidence and death. Cardiac
rehabilitation based on exercise training has become part of the
standard care for patients with heart disease. Studies are needed to
evaluate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on exercise capacity,
cardiac function, quality of life (QoL), residual permeability, device
endothelialization and safety in AF patients with LAA occlusion.
Methods: A single-center, three-month randomized controlled trial
comparing an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program with a
control group was conducted. AF patients underwent LAA occlusions were
randomized to exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (rehabilitation
group) versus usual care (control group). All patients received
assessments of echocardiography, cardiac CT, scale survey, physical
function and exercise capacity. All analyses were performed using SPSS
19.0. Results: Finally, 33 patients in control group and 30 patients in
rehabilitation group entered final analysis. The six-minute walk
distance, handgrip strength, leg strength and left ventricular systolic
function increased significantly after the study period in the
rehabilitation group compared with baseline, which have significant
interactions with control group. Significant differences between groups
were found for the mental and physical component summary scales on
SF-36, also in all of the 8 subscales. The incidence of peri-device leak
and incomplete endothelialization in cardiac rehabilitation group were
both significantly lower than that in control group. There was no
significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the
two groups. Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation could promote device
endothelialization and reduce peri-device leak in AF patients with LAA
occlusion, which also has benefits in QoL, exercise capacity, physical
function and systolic left ventricular function.
A review - laminarization nano sheets perovskite catalytic performance in water treatment and energy
Authors: He Lingfeng , Zhang Yongli
Published: January 2024

Laminarization nano sheets perovskite catalytic performance in water
treatment and energy review is rare. The self-assembly materials showed
super surface， nano sheet layers as well as small crystalline,
self-assembly nano sheets are powder samples which means it can be
facially recycled after photo catalytic reaction as well as stored at
normal conditions, but pristine nano sheets must be stored in alkaline
solution as well as will undergo aggregation. In review, auxiliary, the
co-doping, computational simulation, self assembly, nano sheets have a
better prospect. Different preparation methods of perovskite are
compared, the research progress of perovskite modification is described.
Perovskite catalysts also have some shortcomings, such as: the mechanism
of catalytic degradation needs to be further explored. Utilizing
compound preparation methods, finding better doping materials as well as
exploring the appropriate structure as well as loading carrier,
utilizing biblio metric method to be the hot spots of perovskite
materials in photo catalytic research. In recent years, the research
trend of perovskite materials has gradually changed from simple ion
doping to complex doping, as well as then to load.
Effect of Distal Interactions on NO Binding to Heme: a DFT study
Authors: Omidyan Reza , Fateminasab Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

In addition to solvent, the effect of distal histidine on ligation of NO
to Ferrous-Heme using high level density functional theoretical methods
as well as the QTAIM, has been investigated. It has been predicted that
the distal histidine as well as microhydration, lead to a significant
stabilization on the binding of NO to 6 coordinated Heme-FeII (roughly
by 2.70 kcal mol-1). This is while, no significant alteration on binding
energy of NO to 5 coordinated Ferrous-heme has been determined.
Concerning the bond nature of FeII-NO in heme, the QTAIM analysis
predicts a partially ionic/covalent interaction. From computational
perspective, it has been also revealed that microhydration is quite more
reliable than that of implicit solvent model in describing the weak
interactions in biological systems.
On Perfect Hypercomplex Algebras
Authors: Cheng Daizhan , Ji Zhengping , Feng Jun-e , Fu Shihua , Zhao Jianli
Published: January 2024

The set of associative and commutative hypercomplex numbers, called the
perfect hypercomplex algebras (PHAs) is investigated. Necessary and
sufficient conditions for an algebra to be a PHA via semi-tensor product
(STP) of matrices are reviewed. The zero sets are defined for
non-invertible hypercomplex numbers in a given PHA, and characteristic
functions are proposed for calculating zero sets. Then PHA of various
dimensions are considered. First, classification of 2-dimensional PHAs
are investigated. Second, all the 3-dimensional PHAs are obtained and
the corresponding zero sets are calculated. Finally, 4- and higher
dimensional PHAs are also considered.
The population size and distribution of diurnal large wild mammals in southern Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Yacob , Tekalign Wondimagegnehu
Published: January 2024

The study was carried out to assess the population size and distribution
of diurnal large wild mammals in southern Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia.
The study area was stratified into four habitat types; such as riverine
forest, and ground-water forest, grassland, and bushland. Samples of
animals were surveyed through the transect method. The total number of
mammals belonging to the 15 different species was 1681 and 1245 during
the wet and dry seasons. The Burchell’s zebra, Anubis baboon, Vervet
monkey, and Grant’s gazelle were the most abundant species; while,
Abyssinian hare and Bush duiker were the least abundant species. The
highest mammalian species has been supported by the bushland habitat
followed by open grassland, riverine forest, and ground-water forest in
both seasons. Despite the park is home to various types of mammalian
species, the management plan of the park should consider getting
sustainable benefits from the mammalian species in the future.
The relative importance of climatic and edaphic factors as drivers of plant (L.chinensis) 15N in China’s temperate grasslands
Authors: liu xianzhao , zhang yong , su qing , Teng Feng
Published: January 2024

Many studies have showed that climatic and edaphic variables influence
the variations of nitrogen isotopes in terrestrial ecosystems. However,
the relative importance of climate and soil variables on plant 15N
remains unclear, which limits the understanding mechanism of plant 15N
variation. In this study, the 15N values of Leymus chinensis (a
widespread species) and the corresponding climate and soil variables
were investigated from 40 sampling sites in temperate grasslands of
northern China. We disentangled and estimated the influences of climatic
and edaphic variables on plant 15N through the variable importance in
projection (VIP) technology based on partial least squares-regression
(PLS) analysis. Results showed that the 8 variables can explain
69%~87% of the variance of plant 15N along the
transect, and climatic factors contributed more than edaphic factors
(41% vs. 37%). Among the climatic variables, MAP was the most
important control variable, which explained approximately 25% of the
variation in plant 15N, followed by MAT. As for edaphic factors, soil N
had the most significant effect on plant 15N abundance, and its relative
contribution was about 15%, followed by SWC and soil δ15N. The relative
influences of other variables such as MARH, soil pH and C/N ratios were
less important in determining plant δ15N. In addition, a
high-performance model for predicting plant δ15N was built by the VIP
screening method. Further research should focus on the interaction of
climate and soil variables on different scale patterns of nitrogen
isotope.
Liraglutide Attenuates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress
Authors: Degirmentepe Recep Burak , Bozkurt Muammer , CAN OSMAN , erkoc mustafa , gurgen hazal ozturk , yildirim funda , hunc fatih , eraldemir fatma ceyla , Otunctemur Alper
Published: January 2024

Purpose Nephrotoxicity is a major complication of gentamicin (GEN),
which is widely used in the treatment of severe Gram-negative
infections. As we know, treatment with liraglutide has been shown to
reduce oxidative stress. Therefore, we evaluated the potential
protective effect of liraglutide against GEN-induced nephrotoxicity in
rats. Methods Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups:
control group (Group 1); rats intraperitoneally injected with GEN (100
mg/kg/day; Group 2); rats treated with GEN plus distilled water (Group
3); and rats treated with GEN plus liraglutide (0.6 mg/kg/day; Group 4).
After 15 days, the rats were sacrificed, their kidneys taken, and blood
analysis performed. Tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis and
inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) scores were determined
histopathologically in a part of kidneys; malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced
glutathione (GSH), E-cadherin and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)
levels were determined in other part of kidneys. Results The GSH levels
in renal tissue of only GEN-treated rats were significantly lower than
others, and administration of liraglutide to rats significantly
increased the level of GSH. The group that was given GEN plus
liraglutide had significantly lower MDA, TGF - β1 and E - cadherin
levels than that given GEN alone. The rats treated with GEN+liraglutide
indicated a less severe tubular necrosis, and their glomeruli maintained
a better morphology compared to GEN group. iNOS expression was higher in
liraglutide administrated group than the group that was applied only
GEN. Conclusion Liraglutide exerts protective effects on GEN-induced
kidney damage by reducing oxidative stress in rat model.
HeartMate 3 device implantation via left thoracotomy
Authors: Zhao Danjing , Bailey Stephen , Tsukashita Maski
Published: January 2024

Traditional implantation of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) via
median sternotomy can pose significant risks in patients with previous
sternotomies. We present a patient with history of multiple cardiac
surgeries through median sternotomies now needing LVAD support. To avoid
re-entry injury, a HeartMate 3 LVAD was implanted via left thoracotomy
with outflow graft anastomosis to the descending thoracic aorta, an
unconventional but safe alternative approach to LVAD implantation.
Surgical radiofrequency ablation of atrial flutter: which operation should we choose？
Authors: Chen Fengjie , Gao Jin , Song Chen , Wang Zhiwei , Xiong Hui , Ding Ligang , Gao Ge , fan hongguang
Published: January 2024

The treatment of atrial flutter in patients without structural heart
disease by transcatheter radiofrequency ablation of the cavotricuspid
isthmus and bilateral pulmonary veins has achieved good results. We
report three cases of typical atrial flutter treated by surgical
radiofrequency ablation. One patient, without structural heart disease,
successfully underwent cavotricuspid isthmus ablation and cardioversion.
The other two patients, with structural heart disease, underwent
cavotricuspid isthmus ablation, partial right atrial ablation and
pulmonary vein isolation, but a normal sinus rhythm was not achieved.
Therefore, standard maze IV surgery may be the best choice in patients
with atrial flutter and structural heart disease.
The effects of single-dose biosimilar filgrastim (leucostim®), filgrastim (neupogen®) and lenograstim (granocyte®) on bone marrow-derived stem cell collection for allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A single center experience and systematic review
Authors: karagun barbaros , Aygüneş Utku , Sasmaz İlgen , Antmen Bulent
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Bone marrow (BM) has been used as the source of stem cells
for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. However, peripheral
blood stem cells (PBSC) for allogeneic HSCT have gained more popularity
after the recent use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)
for mobilization. Adult studies of the BM product mobilized using G-CSF
(G-BM) have shown faster white blood cell engraftment, similar to that
produced by PBSC, however, with less acute and chronic graft versus host
disease disease. Methods: In order to increase the CD34 cell content of
the bone marrow product, three different G-CSFs were used: biosimilar
filgrastim (Leucostim®) (n=29), original filgrastim (Neupogen®) (n=30),
and lenograstim (Granocyte®) (n=30). These G-CSFs were compared with one
another and with the control group (n=30). The data obtained with the
products collected from the BM of healthy donors in the control group
and those who received G-CSF were analyzed. All donors were administered
G-CSF 10 µg/kg daily at least 24 hours before BM harvesting. Results: In
terms of the amount of CD34/UL per microliter BM harvesting, the group
receiving Lenograstim (Granocyte®) was found to have a statistically
significant higher CD34/UL value compared to the other groups. There was
no statistically significant difference between the median CD34/UL
values across the control, filgrastim and biosimilar-filgrastim groups.
Biosimilar filgrastim (Leucostim®), original filgrastim (Neupogen®) and
lenograstim (Granocyte®) can be safely used for BM CD34 cell
mobilization in donors of patients undergoing allo-HSCT. Conclusion:
Considering the amount of CD34/UL collected in the product, Lenograstim
(Granocyte®) should be more preferable.
Ferrostatin-1 obviates seizures and associated cognitive deficits in ferric chloride-induced posttraumatic epilepsy via suppressing ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Kang-Ni , Guan Qi-Wen , Yin Xi-Xi , Wang Zhao-Jun , Zhou Hong-Hao , Mao Xiaoyuan
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a prevalent
complication of brain trauma. Current anti-epileptic drugs available do
not have satisfactory response to PTE. It is of desperate need to
explore novel therapeutic approaches for curing PTE. Our prior work
revealed that ferroptosis, a recently discovered mode of cell death,
occurs in rodent model of PTE. In the present study, we aimed to further
investigate the effect of ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a specific ferroptosis
inhibitor, on seizure behavior and cognitive deficit in a mouse model of
PTE. Experimental approach: The preparation of PTE was performed by
stereotaxical injection in the somatosensory cortex region of 50 mM
FeCl3. Seizure activity was assessed via Racine scoring and
electroencephalogram analysis. PTE-related cognitive function was
evaluated by novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests.
Ferroptosis-related indices including glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
activity and protein expressions of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were
detected using a commercial kit and immunofluorescence, respectively.
Key Results: It was found that treatment with Fer-1 significantly
exerted protective effects against acute seizure and memory decline,
although no evident effect on epileptic progression. Fer-1 also
exhibited good tolerability and safety as we observed that it hardly
influenced the body weight. Furthermore, it was noted that
administration of Fer-1 suppressed ferroptosis-related indices including
GPx activity and protein expressions of 4-HNE in hippocampus. Conclusion
and Implications: These data altogether indicate that Fer-1 has potent
therapeutic effects against seizures and cognitive impairment following
PTE-induced brain insult. Fer-1 may act as a promising drug for curing
PTE patients.
Effects of Radiation Pressure on The Elliptic Restricted Four Body Problem
Authors: ismail mohamed nader , younisa sahar , mohamedien ghada , ibrahiem ahmed
Published: January 2024

In this paper, under effects of the largest primary radiation pressure
the elliptic restricted Four-Body Problem is formulated in Hamiltonian
form, the canonical equations are obtained which are considered as the
equations of motion. The Lagrangian points within the frame of the
elliptic restricted four-body problem are obtained. The true anomalies
are considered as independent variables. An analytical and numerical
approach had been used. A code of Mathematica is constructed to truncate
these considerations and is applied on the Earth-Moon-Sun system. The
stability and periodicity of the motion about the equilibrium points are
studied by using the Poincare maps, The motion about the collinear
points L2 is presented as an example for the obtained results, and some
families of periodic orbits are presented.
Pregnancy- Associated Diabetes and Stillbirths by Race and Ethnicity Among Hospitalized Pregnant Women in the United States: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Atkinson Jonnae , Dongawar Deepa , Mercado-Evans Vicki , Hernandez Ayleen , Deslandes Aisha , Gonzalez Monica , Sherman Danielle , Salihu Hamisu
Published: January 2024

Objective: Racial disparities in pre-existing diabetes (PDM)
and gestational diabetes (GDM) remain largely unexplored. We examine
national PDM and GDM prevalence trends by race/ethnicity, and the
association between these conditions and fetal death. Design:
Retrospective cross-sectional analysis Setting: United States
Nationwide Inpatient Sample Survey Population/Sample: A total
of 69,539,875 pregnancy-related hospitalization from 2002 to 2017
including 674,040 women with PDM (1.0%) and 2,960,797 (4.3%) with GDM.
Methods: Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate trends in
prevalence. Survey logistic regression was used to evaluate the
association between exposures (PDM and GDM) and outcome. Main
Outcome Measures: National trends in PDM and GDM prevalence by
race/ethnicity, and the association between these conditions and fetal
death Results: Overall, the average annual increase in
prevalence was 5.2% (95% CI [4.2, 6.2]) for GDM and 1.0% (95% CI
[-0.1, 2.0]) for PDM, over the study period. Hispanic (AAPC 5.3;
95% CI [3.6, 7.1]) and NH-Black (AAPC 0.9; 95% CI [0.1, 1.7])
women had the highest average annual percent increase in prevalence of
GDM and PDM, respectively. After adjustment, odds of stillbirth were
highest for Hispanic (OR 2.41:95% CI [2.23, 2.60]) women with PDM
and decreased for women with GDM (OR 0.51;95% CI [0.50, 0.53),
irrespective of race/ethnicity. Conclusions and Global Health
Implications: PDM and GDM prevalence is increasing in the U.S. with
highest average annual percent changes seen among minority women.
Further, reasons for variation in occurrence of stillbirths among
mothers with PDM and GDM by race/ethnicity are not clear and warrant
additional research.