bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strong lensing models of eight CLASH clusters from extensive spectroscopy: Accurate total mass reconstructions in the cores
Authors: Caminha G. B. , Rosati P. , Grillo C. , Rosani G. , Caputi K. I. , Meneghetti M. , Mercurio A. , Balestra I. , Bergamini P. , Biviano A. , Nonino M. , Umetsu K. , Vanzella E. , Annunziatella M. , Broadhurst T. , Delgado-Correal C. , Demarco R. , Koekemoer A. M. , Lombardi M. , Maier C. , Verdugo M. , Zitrin A.
Published: October 2019

We carried out a detailed strong lensing analysis of a sub-sample of eight galaxy clusters of the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey withHubble(CLASH) in the redshift range ofzcluster = [0.23 − 0.59] using extensive spectroscopic information, primarily from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) archival data and complemented with CLASH-VLT redshift measurements. The observed positions of the multiple images of strongly lensed background sources were used to constrain parametric models describing the cluster total mass distributions. Different models were tested in each cluster depending on the complexity of its mass distribution and on the number of detected multiple images. Four clusters show more than five spectroscopically confirmed multiple image families. In this sample, we did not make use of families that are only photometrically identified in order to reduce model degeneracies between the values of the total mass of a cluster source redshifts, in addition to systematics due to the potential misidentifications of multiple images. For the remaining four clusters, we used additional families without any spectroscopic confirmation to increase the number of strong lensing constraints up to the number of free parameters in our parametric models. We present spectroscopic confirmation of 27 multiply lensed sources, with no previous spectroscopic measurements, spanning over the redshift range ofzsrc = [0.7 − 6.1]. Moreover, we confirm an average of 48 galaxy members in the core of each cluster thanks to the high efficiency and large field of view of MUSE. We used this information to derive precise strong lensing models, projected total mass distributions, and magnification maps. We show that, despite having different properties (i.e. number of mass components, total mass, redshift, etc.), the projected total mass and mass density profiles of all clusters have very similar shapes when rescaled by independent measurements ofM200candR200c. Specifically, we measured the mean value of the projected total mass of our cluster sample within 10 (20)% ofR200cto be 0.13 (0.32) ofM200c, with a remarkably small scatter of 5 (6)%. Furthermore, the large number of high-zsources and the precise magnification maps derived in this work for four clusters add up to the sample of high-quality gravitational telescopes to be used to study the faint and distant Universe.
Closing the gap to convergence of gravitoturbulence in local simulations
Authors: Klee J. , Illenseer T. F. , Jung M. , Duschl W. J.
Published: October 2019

Aims. Our goal is to find a converged cooling limit for fragmentation in self-gravitating disks. This is especially interesting for the formation of planets, brown dwarfs, or stars, and the growth of black holes. While investigating the limit, we want to give a clear criterion for the state of convergence.

Methods. We ran two-dimensional shearingsheet simulations with the hydrodynamic package Fosite at high resolutions. Thereby, resolution and limiters were altered. Subsequently, we investigated the spectra of important physical quantities at the length scales where fragmentation occurs. In order to avoid prompt fragmentation at high resolutions, we started these simulations with a fully-developed gravitoturbulent state obtained at a lower resolution.

Results. We show nearly converged results for fragmentation with a critical-cooling timescale tcrit ∼ 10 Ω−1. We can backtrace this claim by investigating the spectra of relevant physical variables at length scales around and below the pressure scale height. We argue that well-behaved results cannot be expected if counteracting quantities vary too much on these critical-length scales, either by change of resolution or numerical method. A comparison of fragmentation behaviour with the related spectra reveals that simulations behave similar, if the spectra are converged to the length scales where self-gravity leads to instabilities. Observable deviations in the results obtained with different numerical setups are confined to scales below these critical length scales.
Triggering of twists in solar prominence threads
Authors: Taroyan Y. , Soler R.
Published: October 2019

Context. Magnetic twists are commonly associated with solar prominences. Twists are believed to play an important role in supporting the dense plasma against gravity as well as in prominence eruptions and coronal mass ejections, which may have a severe impact on the Earth and its near environment.

Aims. We used a simple model to mimic the formation of a prominence thread by plasma condensation with the aim of investigating the possibility of triggering twists during this process.

Methods. Temporal and spatial evolution of torsional Alfvénic perturbations driven by random photospheric motions was analysed using the linearised governing equations of motion and induction.

Results. We find that small amplitude perturbations are exponentially amplified in time as they propagate along the condensing thread. Mechanisms contributing to the rapid growth are explored. The result of the amplification process is the generation of large amplitude axisymmetric twists along the thread.

Conclusions. Magnetic twists may be triggered along a prominence thread when it is permeated by a converging flow, for example, during the evaporation and condensation of plasma along the thread. This may lead to the generation of vortices in the non-linear regime.
Growth and disruption in the Lyra complex
Authors: Clavico S. , De Grandi S. , Ghizzardi S. , Rossetti M. , Molendi S. , Gastaldello F. , Girardi M. , Boschin W. , Botteon A. , Cassano R. , Brüggen M. , Brunetti G. , Dallacasa D. , Eckert D. , Ettori S. , Gaspari M. , Sereno M. , Shimwell T. , van Weeren R. J.
Published: October 2019

Context. Nearby clusters of galaxies, z ≲ 0.1, are cosmic structures still under formation. Understanding the thermodynamic properties of merging clusters can provide crucial information on how they grow in the local universe.

Aims. A detailed study of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) properties of un-relaxed systems is essential to understand the fate of in-falling structures and, more generally, the virialization process.

Methods. We analyzed a mosaic of XMM-Newton observations (240 ks) of the Lyra system (z ∼ 0.067) that shows a complex dynamical state.

Results. We find the main cluster RXC J1825.3+3026 to be in a late merger phase, whereas its companion CIZA J1824.1+3029 is a relaxed cool-core cluster. We estimate a mass ratio of ∼1 : 2 for the pair. No diffuse X-ray emission is found in the region between them, indicating that these clusters are in a pre-merger phase. We found evidence of a galaxy group infalling on RXC J1825.3+3026 in an advanced state of disruption. The SG, one of the brightest galaxies in the Lyra complex, was very likely at the center of the infalling group. This galaxy has a gaseous “corona” indicating that it was able to retain some of its gas after the ram-pressure stripping of the intra-group medium. In this scenario the diffuse emission excess observed southwest of RXC J1825.3+3026 could be due to gas once belonging to the group and/or to cluster ICM dislocated by the passage of the group. Finally, we identified three high-velocity galaxies aligned between RXC J1825.3+3026 and the SG, two of these showing evidence of gas stripped from them during infall. We estimate them to be currently falling onto the main cluster at an infall velocity of ∼3000 km s−1.

Conclusions. Our study of the Lyra complex provides important clues about the processes presiding over the virialization of massive clusters in the local Universe.
A method for global inversion of multi-resolution solar data
Authors: de la Cruz Rodríguez J.
Published: October 2019

Understanding the complex dynamics and structure of the upper solar atmosphere strongly benefits from the use of a combination of several diagnostics. Frequently, such diverse diagnostics can only be obtained from telescopes and/or instrumentation operating at widely different spatial resolution. To optimize the utilization of such data, we propose a new method for the global inversion of data acquired at different spatial resolution. The method has its roots in the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm but involves the use of linear operators to transform and degrade the synthetic spectra of a highly resolved guess model to account for the effects of spatial resolution, data sampling, alignment, and image rotation of each of the datasets. We have carried out a list of numerical experiments to show that our method allows for the extraction of spatial information from two simulated datasets that have gone through two different telescope apertures and that are sampled in different spatial grids. Our results show that each dataset contributes in the inversion by constraining information at the spatial scales that are present in each of the datasets, and no negative effects are derived from the combination of multiple resolution data. This method is especially relevant for chromospheric studies that attempt to combine datasets acquired with different telescopes and/or datasets acquired at different wavelengths. The techniques described in the present study will also help to address the ever increasing resolution gap between space-borne missions and forthcoming ground-based facilities.
Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 6,7-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]oxazines
Authors: Lindsay-Scott Peter J. , Rivlin-Derrick Eloise
Published: October 2019

Synthetic access to 6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]oxazines has been achieved in 3–4 steps from commercially available pyrazoles. Optimization of a protected hydroxyethyl group on N1 enabled the regiocontrolled construction of pyrazole-5-aldehydes in high yields; subsequent deprotection and reduction generated fused heterocyclic scaffolds bearing multiple substitution patterns. Moreover, the intermediate pyrazole lactols were shown to be versatile synthetic building blocks.
Current Anti-HPA-1a Standard Antibodies React with the β3 Integrin Subunit but not with αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 Complexes
Authors: Bayat Behnaz , Traum Annalena , Berghöfer Heike , Werth Silke , Zhu Jieging , Bein Gregor , Sachs Ulrich J. , Santoso Sentot
Published: October 2019

Background Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) results from maternal alloantibodies (abs) reacting with fetal platelets expressing paternal human platelet antigens (HPAs), mostly HPA-1a. Anti-HPA-1a abs, are the most frequent cause of severe thrombocytopenia and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).

Objectives Titration of anti-HPA-1a in maternal serum using standard National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) 03/152 is one diagnostic approach to predict the severity of FNAIT. Recently, we found three anti-HPA-1a subtypes reacting with the β3 subunit independently or dependently from complexes with αIIb and αv. Endothelial cell-reactive anti-αvβ3 abs were found predominantly in cases with ICH. Our aim was to assess whether available standard material represents all anti-HPA-1a subtypes.

Materials and Methods In this study, anti-HPA-1a sera (NIBSC 03/152) and human monoclonal antibodies (moabs) against HPA-1a (moabs 26.4 and 813) were evaluated using transfected cell lines expressing αIIbβ3, αvβ3 or monomeric cβ3.

Results Flow cytometry analyses with well-characterized murine moabs recognizing αIIbβ3, αvβ3, or β3 alone demonstrated that AP3 reacts compound-independently, whereas compound-dependent moabs Gi5 and 23C6 reacted only with complexes. NIBSC 03/152, moabs 26.4, and 813 against HPA-1a reacted like AP3, same results were obtained with monomeric cβ3 in immunoblotting. Antigen capture assay targeting endothelial cells showed anti-HPA-1a reactivity disappearance after cβ3 beads adsorption. Furthermore, in contrast to anti-HPA-1a abs from ICH cases, none of NIBSC 03/152, 26.4, and 813 inhibited tube formation.

Conclusion These results suggest that current anti-HPA-1a standard material contains only the anti-β3 subtype. The absence of anti-αvβ3 makes NIBSC 03/152 less suitable as standard to predict the severity of FNAIT.
The simulation of X-ray absorption spectra from ground and excited electronic states using core-valence separated DFT/MRCI
Authors: Seidu Issaka , Neville Simon P. , Kleinschmidt Martin , Heil Adrian , Marian Christel M. , Schuurman Michael S.
Published: October 2019

We present an extension of the combined density functional theory (DFT) and multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method (DFT/MRCI) [S. Grimme and M. Waletzke, J. Chem. Phys. 111, 5645 (1999)] for the calculation of core-excited states based on the core-valence separation (CVS) approximation. The resulting method, CVS-DFT/MRCI, is validated via the simulation of the K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of 40 organic chromophores, amino acids, and nucleobases, ranging in size from CO2 to tryptophan. Overall, the CVS-DFT/MRCI method is found to yield accurate X-ray absorption spectra (XAS), with consistent errors in peak positions of ∼2.5–3.5 eV. Additionally, we show that the CVS-DFT/MRCI method may be employed to simulate XAS from valence excited states and compare the simulated spectra to those computed using the established wave function-based approaches [ADC(2) and ADC(2)x]. In general, each of the methods yields excited state XAS spectra in qualitative and often quantitative agreement. In the instances where the methods differ, the CVS-DFT/MRCI simulations predict intensity for transitions for which the underlying electronic states are characterized by doubly excited configurations relative to the ground state configuration. Here, we aim to demonstrate that the CVS-DFT/MRCI approach occupies a specific niche among numerous other electronic structure methods in this area, offering the ability to treat initial states of arbitrary electronic character while maintaining a low computational cost and comparatively black box usage.
Barriers to internal rotation in methylimidazole isomers determined by rotational spectroscopy
Authors: Gougoula Eva , Medcraft Chris , Heitkämper Juliane , Walker Nicholas R.
Published: October 2019

The rotational spectra of N-, 2-, 4-, and 5-methylimidazole are reported and analyzed. Liquid N-methylimidazole was vaporized from a reservoir, and each of 2-, 4-, and 5-methylimidazole was laser-vaporized from a solid target prior to mixing with argon buffer gas and undergoing supersonic expansion from a pulsed nozzle. The spectra were recorded by chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the 7.0–18.5 GHz frequency range. Rotational constants, A0, B0, and C0, centrifugal distortion constants, DJ, DJK, DK, d1, and d2, and nuclear quadrupole coupling constants of nitrogen atoms, χaa(N1), χbb(N1) − χcc(N1), χaa(N3), and χbb(N3) − χcc(N3), are determined from experimentally measured transition frequencies. Data recorded for isotopologues containing 13C or 15N are used to determine the rs coordinates of all heavy atoms in N-, 2-, and 4-methylimidazole. The results allow fitting of parameters in the Hamiltonian that describes internal rotation of the CH3 group about its local C3 axis. The V3 terms in the periodic potential energy functions that describe the internal rotation in N-, 2-, 4-, and 5-methylimidazole are determined to be 185.104(11), 122.7529(38), 317.20(14), and 386.001(19) cm−1, respectively, by the internal axis method. The experiments are supported by density functional theory calculations. Observed variations in barrier height are explained with reference to the symmetry of overlap between a π-like orbital on the CH3 group and π-orbitals on the aromatic ring.
Notable effect of the subgrid-scale stress anisotropy on mean-velocity prediction through budget of the grid-scale Reynolds-shear stress
Authors: Abe Ken-ichi
Published: October 2019

In large eddy simulation (LES), the mean-velocity distribution in wall turbulence depends strongly on the distribution of the ensemble-averaged Reynolds (Re) shear stress, which consists of two parts: the resolved grid-scale (GS) and unresolved subgrid-scale (SGS) components. As the grid resolution becomes coarser, the GS component decreases and thus the SGS component must increase to compensate for this. The GS decrease is originally caused by filtering, through which the power spectrum is cut off mainly in the high-wavenumber region. Therefore, the SGS model has been discussed mostly in terms of the energy transfer between the GS and SGS components. Recently, however, some studies have found that the SGS-stress anisotropy directly influences instantaneous GS vortex motions. This also means that the SGS stress may have a large effect on the ensemble-averaged GS Re stress because the instantaneous fluctuation of the SGS stress correlates with that of the velocity gradient in the GS budget. In this study, we investigate in detail the effect of the SGS stress on predicting the resolved GS Re shear stress through its budget. For this purpose, we perform a priori tests with highly resolved LES data of a plane channel flow. The knowledge obtained is then confirmed by a posteriori tests for various grid resolutions and Reynolds numbers. It is found that the SGS-stress anisotropy is very important for providing a reasonable trend of the GS Re shear stress, leading to more accurate prediction of the mean velocity for coarse-grid resolutions.
Relationship between aged and vapor-deposited organic glasses: Secondary relaxations in methyl-m-toluate
Authors: Kasting B. J. , Beasley M. S. , Guiseppi-Elie A. , Richert R. , Ediger M. D.
Published: October 2019

In situ interdigitated electrode broadband dielectric spectroscopy was used to characterize the excess wing relaxations in vapor-deposited and aged glasses of methyl-m-toluate (MMT, Tg = 170 K). MMT displays typical excess wing relaxations in dielectric spectra of its supercooled liquid and glasses. Physical vapor deposition produced glasses with degrees of suppression of the excess wing relaxation that varied systematically with deposition conditions, up to a maximum suppression of more than a factor of 3. The glass deposited at a relatively high temperature, 0.96 Tg (163 K), showed the same amount of suppression as that of a liquid-cooled glass aged to equilibrium at this temperature. The suppression of the excess wing relaxation was strongly correlated with the kinetic stability of the vapor-deposited glasses. Comparisons with aged MMT glasses allowed an estimate of the structural relaxation time of the vapor-deposited glasses. The dependence of the estimated structural relaxation times upon the substrate temperature was found to be stronger than Arrhenius but weaker than Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann dependence predicted from extrapolation of relaxation times in the supercooled liquid. Additionally, this work provides the first example of the separation of primary and secondary relaxations using physical vapor deposition.
New two-photon momentum microscopy uncovers ultrafast charge carrier dynamics in energy and momentum space
Authors: Zhang Zhengzheng
Published: October 2019

A new experimental tool reveals real-time hot electron dynamics throughout the entire momentum space in a fixed experimental geometry.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system performs at industrially realistic pressures and temperatures
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: October 2019

New high-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system can perform studies under pressures exceeding 1 bar and control temperature up to 500 degrees Celsius.
Effects of pre-slaughter short-term factors on pork quality
Authors: Mantis Fotios , Bizelis Iosif , Symeon George K. , Rogdakis Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

We examined the effects of pre-slaughter short-term factors including season of the year, duration of transportation and lairage time, as well as sex of pigs, on pork quality. Meat samples were collected from 590 pigs (females, entire and castrated males) that were slaughtered in a commercial abattoir in Greece over a 15-month period. Meat quality parameters pH, colour, drip loss, cooking loss, Warner–Bratzler shear values and sarcomere length were measured on the longissimus dorsi. DNA was isolated from blood samples and the frequency of the recessive halothane gene mutation HALn was determined. The results demonstrated that pork quality with respect to pH and L* values was normal in 93.9% of the samples, with 5.1% of samples classified as PSE (pale, soft and exudative) and 1.0% as DFD (dark, firm and dry). Duration of transportation was critical: brief and long transfers had the ability to impair meat quality. A lairage time of 2–4 h before slaughter was adequate when the pigs were free of HALn and the climatic conditions were not extreme. Season of the year was a very important factor, with significant variations recorded in meat-quality parameters between winter and summer months. Finally, the sex of the animals was responsible for differences in meat quality, but these differences were small and unlikely to be identified by the consumers.
Effects of reduced-protein diets supplemented with protease in broiler chickens under high stocking density
Authors: Law F. L. , Zulkifli I. , Soleimani A. F. , Liang J. B. , Awad E. A.
Published: October 2019

The effects of protease supplementation on productive performance and physiological responses were investigated in broiler chickens fed reduced crude-protein (low-CP) diets and reared under normal or high stocking densities (SD). Chicks were housed in pens with two stocking densities (≈10 birds/m2 or ≈15 birds/m2) and fed diets with either the recommended or reduced level of CP and metabolisable energy (ME) from 1 to 21 days. From 22 to 42 days, an equal number of birds from each dietary group was fed one of the following finisher diets: (1) recommended-CP and ME, (2) low-CP and recommended-ME or (3) low-CP and recommended-ME supplemented with protease. No interactions (P > 0.05) were observed between diet and SD for feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), Newcastle disease antibody titre, pododermatitis, caecal clostridia, Escherichia coli, lactobacilli, serum corticosterone or acute-phase proteins. Diet had no effect (P > 0.05) on FI, WG or FCR during the finisher period nor on FI and WG during the overall (1–42 days) period. High SD resulted in lower FI (P < 0.05) and Newcastle disease antibody titre (P < 0.05) and higher FCR (P < 0.05), pododermatitis incidence (P < 0.05), caecal population of clostridia (P < 0.05) and E. Coli (P < 0.05), and acute-phase protein and corticosterone concentrations than did normal SD. In conclusion, the supplementation of protease to a low-CP diet during the finisher period had no effect on the performance and immunity of overcrowded broiler chickens. Regardless of dietary CP and protease supplementation, a high SD negatively affected the growth performance, immunity, caecal microflora and welfare of the broiler chickens.
Visions of stagnation and maldistribution: monopoly capital, ‘white monopoly capital’ and new challenges to the South African Left
Authors: Aboobaker Adam
Published: October 2019

The term ‘white monopoly capital’ (WMC) has featured prominently in South Africa's recent popular economic discourse. Situating this rhetorical turn within discussion over the broader monopoly capital tradition, this piece argues for a need to move beyond the term considering problems with the idea that a concentrated market structure is driving stagnation and inequality in South Africa, but also because this conspiratorial language is harmful to South Africa’s political discourse.
Analysing logical meanings in Chinese: a discourse semantic perspective
Authors: Li Xueying
Published: October 2019

Logical meaning, which is broadly concerned with relations between clauses, has long been of interest in linguistics. In particular, accounting for logical meanings in the language of Chinese is a continuing concern. The previous studies have taken a lexicogrammatical approach and described distinct features in terms of logical meaning in Chinese, which have caused difficulties in the analysis of logical meanings in Chinese. Against this background, this study departures from the stratum/level of lexicogrammar and sets out in the discourse semantics to introduce an alternative approach in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to analysing logical meanings in Chinese. This study will use as data from Chapter One of the Chinese novel Hong Lou Meng, and take an initial step in providing a relatively comprehensive account of logical meanings in Chinese according to the discourse semantic system of connexion. This description will explain how logical meanings in Chinese can be analysed through the dimensions of explicitness, type, and externality. It will also describe a distinct feature found to be relevant to the analysis through the three dimensions: indeterminacy of logical meanings in Chinese. It is hoped this approach can make some contributions to the field of discourse analysis so that analysts are equipped with useful linguistic tools in the discourse semantics when analysing logical meanings in Chinese.
The Feynman Path Integral to Characterize and Anticipate Bacteria Chemotaxis in a Host Healthy Body
Authors: Nieto-Chaupis Huber
Published: October 2019

In this paper the idea of Feynman’s path integral is introduced inside a nano biological system such as bacteria population where due to their property of chemotaxis, a stochastic modeling might be drawn to describe their mobility due essentially to electrical interactions among them as a recurrent resource to protect themselves against antibacterial agents such as macrophages. Due to composition of K+, Cl− and Na+ exists there a net charge along the internal and external phospholipid membrane of bacteria.

The model of path’s integration invented by Richard Feynman has been extensively used to tackle crucial problems in quantum mechanics for various decades essentially in atomic physics and nano physics. The idea of the path’s integral assumes a space-time pathway where the space­time bacteria displacements are governed by physics interactions that gives rise to changes of position in the space-time plane in a fully accordance to biological and physics laws. We worked out the idea of the Feynmans path integral to describe space-time dynamics of aggregations of bacteria trying to host a healthy body. We assumed that the bacteria interactions is governed by electric fields and potentials.

While the net charge is predominantly positive due to the high concentrations of Cl+, there are clearly external electric fields and potentials that might seriously affect the behavior of bacteria space-time dynamics. In this manner this phenomenology would fit the path integral theory. Therefore the change of the net charge in bacteria due to the presence of others charged nano organisms would affect their translational dynamics by being vulnerable to macrophages. Thus the knowledge of the pathway of these bacteria populations is seen as an advantage to tackle the beginning of diseases inside the framework of Internet of Bio-nano Things that targets to anticipate infections using electromagnetic pulses through advanced software-hardware interfaces. In order to assess possible advantages and disadvantages of this theory we use the Machine Learning algorithm.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles modified-carbon paste electrode used for the electrochemical determination of Gallic acid
Authors: Chikere C , Faisal N H , Lin P K T , Fernandez C
Published: October 2019

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) was used to modify carbon paste electrode (CPE) for a fast and sensitive electrochemical determination of gallic acid (GA). The study was carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV and differential voltammetry (DPV) techniques, where the nano-ZnO-modified electrode exhibited an efficient and sensitive oxidation of GA. The cyclic voltammetric result showed a significant enhancement of the peak current from 250μA to about 410μA. The electrochemical behaviour of GA on the nano-ZnO modified carbon paste electrode was studied using DPV, showing a sensitivity of the electrode in a concentration range of 1 x 10−6 to 5.0 x 10−5 mol L−1, with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9968 and a limit of detection of 1.86 x 10−7 mol L−1 (S/N =3). The proposed electrode was used successfully for the determination of GA in red wine with recoveries of 103%.
Integrating and introducing CERN and NCBI data science to understand quantum realm computations
Authors: Sankaramanchi Raghavendra Rao , Prasad V Kamakshi , Singarapu Kumara Chandra , Thallapalli Tejaswini , Sagar Sandeep , Chidurala Shilpa Chakra , Gaddam Upender , Kumar Shrawan
Published: October 2019

Big data in the coming days is going to become an integral part of life existing on this planet. Hence, introducing the early stage data analytics with the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) would generate interest in the research community for the rapidly changing world of technology. This study is especially intended to integrate two organizations data for understanding the quantum realm computations. Generally, Quantum Computation (QC) creates the notion in the brain as Qu-bits. But here, QCs are the principles followed by the particles, atoms, molecules, and systems. Few of them are Pauli’s exclusion principle, superposition and entanglement. These principles played a vital role in the construction of proton to an atom and to higher systems. In this present work, we have collected homo-sapiens’ chromosomes data from NCBI and integrated it with CERN data to understand quantum computations. We have identified a couple of computations and communications taking place inside the genes by integrating the recent scientific results obtained at CERN. We have proposed a novel code-named peacock code (PCOC) and designed a prototype to develop a unique identity with blockchain technology. A typical correlation between CERN and NCBI datasets are integrated into this study statistically with R programming tool to understand supersymmetry and develop future computations with natural principles.
A study on the physicochemical properties and cytotoxic activity of p-sulfocalix[4]arene-nedaplatin complex
Authors: Fahmy Sherif Ashraf , Brüßler Jana , Ponte Fortuna , Abd El-Rahman Mohamed K , Russo Nino , Sicilia Emilia , Bakowsky Udo , Shoeib Tamer
Published: October 2019

Macromolecules including macrocyclic species have been reported to have the potential to encapsulate biologically active compounds such as drugs through host-guest complexation to increase their solubility, stability and bioavailability. Here we investigate the complexation between nedaplatin, a second generation antineoplastic drug, andp-4-sulfocalix[4]arene, a macromolecule possessing a bipolar amphiphilic structure with good biocompatibility and relatively low haemolytic toxicity for potential use as a drug delivery system. Data from1H NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Job’s plot analysis, HPLC, DSC and DFT calculations are detailed and suggest the formation of a 1:1 complex. The stability constant of the complex was experimentally estimated to be 3.6 × 104M−1and 2.1 × 104M−1which correspond to values of −6.2 and −5.9 kcal mol−1, respectively for the free energy of complexation while the interaction free energy is calculated to be −4.9 kcal mol−1. The formed species is shown to be stabilised in solution through hydrogen bonding between the host and the guest. The complex displayed enhanced antitumor activity against MDA-MB-231 cells compared to nedaplatin which may allow for its application in cancer therapy.
Analysis of a cylindrical cyclone separator based on the RMS data
Authors: Gao Z W , Wang J , Wang J Y , Mao Y , Wei Y D
Published: October 2019

This study presents a flow analysis on an atypical cylindrical cyclone separator with a large ratio of length to diameter. The Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) is used to measure the gas flow, and the numerical simulation is carried out by using the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation, the Reynolds stress model (RSM). Since the model is validated by good agreement between the numerical results and experimental data, and then the tangential velocity is analysed from the transient flow field and dynamic performance. The results showed that the tangential velocity of the transient flow field existed a non-axisymmetric phenomenon in the cross section, which was mainly presented as asymmetric distribution of the contours. The zero location of tangential velocity value was not coincided with the geometric center, where the tangential velocity was larger near the zero location. In addition, the dynamic character of tangential velocity was high-speed pulsating, with quasi-periodic characteristic. Meanwhile, a parameter of RMS was used to identify the degree of turbulence velocity deviating from mean velocity. The RMS data showed that the flow instability gradually increased with the fluid flowing into the cyclone separator from the inlet section, until reached a peak value at the position about 2.0 times the length to diameter. And then the flow instability gradually decreased, with the fluid energy dissipated.
Modified BaTiO3/PVDF/Ni composites with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss
Authors: Gao Lin , Sun Zhengguang , Yao Junlong , Lu Feng
Published: October 2019

Low dielectric properties of BaTiO3/PVDF composites limit its application in modern microelectronics and high energy storage. In this work, three-phase composites with high dielectric properties were prepared based on the surface modification of BaTiO3(BT) ceramic. The results show that, after modification of BT, the dielectric constant of the BT/PVDF composite increased by 44%, and the dielectric loss decreased by 20% at 100Hz. Nickel powder was added to the modified composites for increasing dielectric constant, when the addition of nickel powder was 20%, the dielectric constant of composites was up to 441 and the dielectric loss of composite was only 0.057.
Effect of heat treatment on wear behaviour of rolled carbon steel in DOT4 brake fluid
Authors: Ajibola Olawale O , Akinribide Ojo J , Akinwamide Samuel O , Olubambi Peter A
Published: October 2019

The wear of heat-treated rolled carbon steels (HTRCSs) were performed under dry and wet sliding in DOT4 brake fluid is successfully investigated and reported in the study. The HTRCSs samples were obtained by heating to and soaking the as-rolled carbon steel (ARCS) at 950 °C prior to quenching or cooling in different media at different selected temperatures between (20 and 250 °C) and atmospheric conditions. The microstructures and wear track patterns of specimens were evaluated using SEM and high-resolution metallurgical microscope. The sliding wear behaviour and wear track patterns of the specimens impressed under 10N normal loads and reciprocating mode was used to assess the wear damages. The obtained wear properties were compared in air and DOT4 fluid environments using Anton Paar TRB tribometer. The results obtained showed that enhanced wear behaviours were obtained from the oil and water quenched samples as compared with the air and furnace cooled samples. The HTRCSs samples are more tolerable than as-rolled sample (ARCS) under dry sliding. However, beside the influences of the heat treatments, the lubricating effect of DOT4 is more pronounced in the results. The CoF ranges from 0.105 to 0.137 for wet sliding while higher CoF values (0.378-0.934) were obtained in the dry sliding.
Thermal response analysis of reinforced concrete box girder during hot-mixed asphalt mixture paving
Authors: Zheng D , Qian Z D , Liu D X , Huang Q B
Published: October 2019

Hot-mixed asphalt (HMA) concrete has been extensively used in the concrete box-girder bridge deck pavement due to its excellent performance and driving comfort. Nevertheless, during HMA concrete construction, the high paving temperature may disturb the thermal field of the bridge, thereby causing the significant thermal response throughout the box girder. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the temperature behavior and thermal stress of a reinforced concrete box girder segment during HMA concrete paving. The transient thermal field theory and element deletion method were first adopted to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of a reinforced concrete box girder segment and simulate the dynamic paving process, respectively. Subsequently, the bridge monitoring data was used to validate the thermal field model and then the temperature distribution analysis was conducted. Finally, the thermal stress in the bridge was studied in cross-sectional area. Results demonstrate that the vertical temperature of the concrete box-girder during the paving process is declined with the increasing vertical distance to SFRC leveling layer, and its highest value occurs at 36min after starting to paving. Furthermore, in the vertical direction, the west web-plate is subjected to compressive stress at locations of two ends and tensile stress at locations of the middle. Meanwhile, the thermal stresses undergo a decline trend after short-term growth both in the box and flange slab in the transversal direction.
Fatigue crack growth analysis of surge line under thermal stratification conditions
Authors: Tang P , Luo J C , Sun L , Li P Z
Published: October 2019

As the connection between the pressurizer and the main pipeline of nuclear reactor, thermal stratification occurs in the pressurizer surge line during the operation. The thermal stratification through the pipe wall increases the possibility of plastic deformation and fatigue failure in the nozzle, tee, elbow and weld. So it is of great significance to carry out research on the fracture mechanics of surge line under thermal stratification conditions. Therefore, in this paper, based on the results of finite element analysis and ASME specifications, and with the results of pipeline stress analysis under temperature and pressure transient loads, the fatigue crack growth analysis of the surge line under thermal stratification conditions is carried out, and the technical means of suppressing crack propagation is explored, which provides a reference for the safe operation of the surge line of the nuclear power plant.
Optimization for cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester with a cavity
Authors: Chen L H , Xue J T , Chang L Q , Yang F H
Published: October 2019

The structure optimization of piezoelectric energy harvester aims at frequency reduction, broadening bandwidth and increasing output mainly. This paper employs a cantilever with cavity modelled by the finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics and the effect of the cavity on transducer is studied. The first order characteristic frequency is obtained by modal analysis module and the frequency response curve is solved by frequency domain analysis module. Comparison results show that the introducing of cavity improves output voltage of energy harvester and reducing device nature frequency. Moreover, effect of the cavity size parameters such as the thickness, length and position on frequency, output and conversion rate of the harvester is studied, after that the energy harvester structure is optimized.
Finite element study of tunable cantilever plate structure using position change
Authors: Chen L H , Chang L Q , Xue J T , Yang F H
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a tunable cantilever plate structure is presented, in which a box is attached to each corner of its free sides and a ball is placed in each box. Change of the balls position makes natural frequency of the structure variable, which expands working bandwidth of the structure to accommodate the complex ambient vibration. The modal analysis of the tunable cantilever plate is carried out by the finite element software-ABAQUS. Changing the balls position, it is found that there are maximum and minimum values in the natural frequency of the self-tuning structure, which forms a resonance bandwidth. Moreover, there are multiple position combinations of two balls at the same natural frequency in the range of resonance band. The paper studies the influence of mass and geometrical dimensions of boxes and balls on the natural frequency and bandwidth. While ensuring strength and stiffness of the structure, optimal material and size parameters are selected to improve the resonant bandwidth. This provides a theoretical basis for applying the tunable structure to piezoelectric energy harvester.
Antimicrobial effect of Zingiber officinale var. officinale essential oil and nisin against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms
Authors: Ashari D A , Nissa A , Nursiwi A , Sari A M , Utami R
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Zingiber officinale var. officinale essential oil (EO), nisin, and their combination against some pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) and the synergism effect were assayed. The MIC values of nisin on Aspergillus niger; Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens; Bacillus cereus; and Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus were 250; 500; 2000; and >2000 IU, respectively. On the other hand, MIC values of EO on E. coli; B. cereus and S. aureus; Pseudomonas fluorescens and A. niger; and Salmonella typhimurium were 0, 125; 0.25; 0.5; and 4%, respectively. 62.5 IU of nisin combined with 2% of EO could inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhimurium, S. aureus, and E. coli. In addition, the combination of nisin and EO had synergistic effect against B. cereus, A. niger, and Salmonella typhimurium. The combination of nisin and EO had no bactericidal effect against all five bacterias but it had fungicidal effect against A. niger at concentration 62.5 IU of nisin and 1% of EO. Sabinene (16.88%), Z-citral (11.25%), and camphene (10.05%) were the major components in Zingiber officinale var. officinale EO which contributed on its antimicrobial activity.
Nata de cincau: Pacitan’s black cincau (Mesona palustris BL) product innovation with respect to its physical, chemical and sensory characteristics
Authors: Naja H L , Sari A M , Zaman M Z
Published: October 2019

Black cincau (Mesona palustris BL) is a particularly abundant commodity in Pacitan, Indonesia. It has a higher fibre and antioxidant content compared to other varieties. Black cincau is potentially processed into nata de cincau in order to diversify food products in Pacitan. The aim of this study is to define the best formulation of nata de cincau, considering its physical (yield, thickness and texture) and chemical (water and crude fibre) characteristics. The best three formulations, based on physical and chemical characteristics, were chosen for sensory evaluation (colour, flavour, taste, texture and overall). Nata de cincau processing used various concentration of substrates (extract black cincau) (2.5%, 7.5% and 12.5%) and a variety of starter concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%) were added. Nata de cincau with 12.5% substrate concentration and 5%, 10% and 15% starter concentration were the best three formulations in terms of all physical and chemical characteristics. Sensory evaluation was performed on the best three formulations; 12.5% substrate concentration and 15% starter concentration was found to be the best formulation.
Effect of dietary supplementation of frutescens seeds (Perilla Frutescens L.) on growth performance, slaughter weight, carcass weight, and meat quality of male local duck
Authors: Hadi R F , Sudiyono
Published: October 2019

This experiment was aimed to observe the effects of Frutescens seeds (Perilla frutescens L.) levels in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter weight, carcass weight, and meat quality of male local duck. A total of 90 ducks were divided into 3 treatment groups with five replicates. The treatments were: basal diet without supplementation frutescens seeds meal (P0), experimental diets with 2.5% frutescens seeds meal (P1); and 5% frutescens seeds meal (P2). The experiment was conducted for 60 days. Average daily gain (ADG), slaughter weight, carcass weight, crude protein and fat contents of duck meat were observed. The data were analyzed with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there was significant differences among treatments, Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) were applied. The body weight, feed intake, slaughter weight, carcass weight, dry matter, and meat protein content were not affected by the dietary treatments. However, the effect of the Frutescens supplementation in the diets significantly affected ADG, non-carcass weight, and fat content in the duck meat.The highest fat content of meat has been found in the duck raised with 5% of Frutescens seeds supplementation in the diet. These results suggested that the use of 5% Frutescens seeds supplementation in the diet effectively increased ADG, non carcass weight, and fat content of meat. Whereas other traits observed in this study were not affected.
Chitosan-garlic essential oil incorporation on beef meatball edible coatings as antioxidant-based functional food
Authors: Ariviani S , Kusumawati M , Atmaka W
Published: October 2019

In addition to providing protection, edible coatings can also improve the functional properties of the coated food through the incorporation of bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants. The study aimed to investigate the potential of chitosan and/or garlic essential oil (EO) incorporation into the edible coatings of beef meatballs in enhancing the antioxidant properties. The potency of chitosan, garlic EO and its combination in increasing the antioxidant properties of meatballs were examined by comparing them toward meatballs without bioactive compounds incorporation (control) for 18 days of storage at 4±1°C. This study used a completely randomized design and the data were analyzed using an analysis of variance at p> 0.05. Results showed that incorporation of chitosan and garlic EO into edible coatings increasing both either RSA or RP of coated meatballs. RSA of meatballs increased 3.7 times (chitosan), 4.6 times (garlic EO) and 7 times (chitosan-garlic EO), while the RP increased 2.6 times (chitosan), 2.9 times (garlic) and 3.0 times (chitosan-garlic EO). During storage, all of the meatballs tested showed a reduction in both RSA and RP. Incorporation of chitosan-garlic EO into the edible coating produces a synergistic effect in RSA but it showed antagonist effect in RP.
Influence of withering time and leaf condition on physical and chemical characteristics of fig leaf tea
Authors: Amanto B S , Laily F N , Nursiwi A
Published: October 2019

The fig leaf (Ficus carica) is a good source of bioactive compounds, especially phenolic. Fig leaf can be used for producing herbal tea. The processing of tea includes withering, rolling, oxidation, and drying. Withering is one of the major steps for tea quality. The objectives of the research were to study the effect of withering time and leaf condition on physical (color) and chemical (total phenol content, tannin content, antioxidant activity) characteristics of fig leaf tea. The fig leaves were withered in four diferrent times (0 hours, 8 hours, 13 hours, and 18 hours). The leaf conditions were normal and rusty leaves. The results showed that withering time significantly affects the physical and chemical characteristics of fig leaf tea. The longer withering time the darker tea color, and the lower total phenol content, tannin content, and antioxidant activity of fig leaf tea infussions. Leaf condition significantly affects the tea color (L, a, b, hue). Normal leaves produce the tea with higher total phenol content, tannin content, and antioxidant activity than the rusty leaves.