bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jadwiga Matusewicz (1870-1953) – wiceprezes Polskiego Towarzystwa Okulistycznego
Authors: Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna , Grzybowski Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Celem niniejszej pracy, jest przedstawienie sylwetki i dorobku naukowego Jadwigi Matusewicz (1870- 1953), która była lekarzem okulistą a także wiceprezesem Polskiego Towarzystwa Okulistycznego. Jej prace naukowe dotyczyły głównie chorób oczu i wad wzroku w wieku szkolnym oraz diagnostyki i leczenia gruźlicy.
Józef Sztejn (ok. 1750-1830). Tablica na cmentarzu rzymskokatolickim przy ulicy Lipowej w Lublinie
Authors: Sak Jarosław
Published: July 2023

There is no abstract for this article.
Sylwetka jednego lekarza. Friedrich Karl Hermann Entress (1914-1947)
Authors: Witczak Włodzimierz
Published: July 2023

W pracy przedstawiono szkic biograficzny dotyczący urodzonego w Poznaniu absolwenta Wydziału Lekarskiego Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, niemieckiego lekarza Friedricha Entressa, lekarza kilku hitlerowskich obozów w latach 1940-1945, osądzonego i straconego po II wojnie światowej. Istotne uzupełnienie biogramu stanowią – wydobyte z materiałów pamiętnikarskich – relacje więźniów obozów, którzy w różnych okolicznościach zetknęli się z tym lekarzem.
„Regimen Sanitatis” dla osób w podeszłym wieku w medycynie XIII-XVI w.
Authors: Katolo Artur
Published: July 2023

Osoby w wieku podeszłym, w ujęciu medycyny XIII-XVI w., cierpią na obniżenie temperatury oraz wilgotności organizmu, co wpływa również na zaburzenia fizjologiczne. Bardzo ważnym zagadnieniem było środowisko życia: powietrze, wiatry, pory roku, budynek mieszkalny oraz odzienie. Zdrowe życie osoby starszej to przechodzenie od aktywności fizycznej do wypoczynku, i od wypoczynku do aktywności fizycznej. W celu utrzymania dobrego zdrowia zwracano szczególną uwagę na dietę i sen.
Wiktor Arkin (1894-1982) – pionier transplantologii rogówki w Polsce
Authors: Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna , Grzybowski Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Celem pracy jest przybliżenie sylwetki i dorobku naukowego Wiktora Arkina (1894-1982). Był lekarzem okulistą, kierownikiem Kliniki Okulistycznej Instytutu Doskonalenia i Specjalizacji Kadr Lekarskich (w późniejszym okresie Studium Doskonalenie Lekarzy Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie) oraz pionierem transplantologii rogówki w Polsce.
The diagnosis, management and prevention of intertrigo in adults: a review
Authors: Romanelli Marco , Voegeli David , Colboc Hester , Bassetto Franco , Janowska Agata , Scarpa Carlotta , Meaume Sylvie
Published: July 2023

Intertrigo is a common inflammatory skin disorder caused by skin-on-skin friction in skin folds, due to moisture becoming trapped because of poor air circulation. This can occur in any area of the body where two skin surfaces are in close contact with each other. The aim of this scoping review was to systematically map, review and synthesise evidence on intertrigo in adults. We identified a wide range of evidence and performed a narrative integration of this related to the diagnosis, management and prevention of intertrigo. A literature search was conducted within the following databases: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed and EMBASE. After reviewing articles for duplicates and relevance, 55 articles were included. The incorporation of intertrigo in the ICD-11 provides a clear definition and should improve the accuracy of estimates. With regards to the diagnosis, prevention and management of intertrigo, the literature demonstrates consensus among health professionals in approach and this forms the basis for the recommendations of this review: identify predisposing factors and educate patient in reducing these; educate patients in skin fold management and adopt structured skin care routine; treat secondary infection with appropriate topical agent; consider using moisture-wicking textiles within skin folds to reduce skin-on-skin friction, wick away moisture and reduce secondary infection. Overall, the quality of evidence on which to determine the strength of any recommendations for practice remains low. There remains the need for well-designed studies to test proposed interventions and build a robust evidence base.
Personalised burn treatment: bedside electrospun nanofibre scaffold with cultured autologous keratinocytes: a case study
Authors: Segni Ayelet Di , BenShoshan Marina , Harats Moti , Melnikov Nir , Barzilay Claudia M , Dothan Daniel , Liaani Adi , Kornhaber Rachel , Haik Josef
Published: July 2023

Nearly four decades after cultured epidermal autografts (CEA) were first used for the treatment of extensive burn wounds, the current gold standard treatment remains grafting healthy autologous skin from a donor site to the damaged areas, with current skin substitutes limited in their clinical use. We propose a novel treatment approach, using an electrospun polymer nanofibrous matrix (EPNM) applied on-site directly on the CEA-grafted areas. In addition, we propose a personalised treatment on hard-to-heal areas, in which we spray suspended autologous keratinocytes integrated with 3D EPNM applied on-site, directly onto the wound bed. This method enables the coverage of larger wound areas than possible with CEA. We present the case of a 26-year-old male patient with full-thickness burns covering 98% of his total body surface area (TBSA). We were able to show that this treatment approach resulted in good re-epithelialisation, seen as early as seven days post CEA grafting, with complete wound closure within three weeks, and to a lesser extent in areas treated with cell spraying. Moreover, in vitro experiments confirmed the feasibility of using keratinocytes embedded within the EPNM: cell and culture viability, identity, purity and potency were determined. These experiments show that the skin cells are viable and can proliferate within the EPNM. The results presented are of a promising novel strategy for the development of personalised wound treatment, integrating on-the-spot ‘printed’ EPNM with autologous skin cells, which will be applied at the bedside, over deep dermal wounds, to accelerate healing time and wound closure.
Painless ulceration due to digital hypoperfusion ischaemic syndrome: case report and literature review
Authors: Adly Merna , Ladha Malika A. , Mydlarski Régine , Petrasek Paul , Parsons Laurie
Published: July 2023

Digital hypoperfusion ischaemic syndrome (DHIS), also known as steal syndrome, is a well recognised serious complication of haemodialysis (HD) access creation. The clinical presentation varies from cyanosis to tissue loss due to necrosis or gangrene. In this article, we present a case of painless digital ulceration due to DHIS and provide a review of the literature. A 40-year-old-female presented with multiple painless digital ulcerations of the left hand. Her medical profile included atherosclerotic disease, hypertension, hyperparathyroidism and type I diabetes causing retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, gastroparesis and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Her ESRD required HD with the construction of a left-arm basilic vein transposition arteriovenous fistula (AVF). A year later, she developed intermittent, painless ulcerations of the left hand. A Doppler ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis of DHIS. The patient was treated with AVF ligation surgery. At six months postoperatively, she had near complete re-epithelialisation of her ulcers. This case is unique in that the patient did not have preceding pain, likely due to her underlying diabetic neuropathy. While DHIS in haemodialysis patients with AVF is well documented in literature, digital ulceration in this context is an advanced form of this condition. Early recognition of digital ulceration as a complication of DHIS may enable early intervention and prevent permanent damage.
Improving Space Weather Warnings
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

UK-led mission will use spacecraft to detect coronal mass ejections
Magnetic Microbots
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

New approach for guided drug delivery
Drive for a Digital Future
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: July 2023

A UK firm is testing technology to digitise the last remaining analogue part of the internal combustion engine.
Cell-Harvesting Technology to Make Omega-3 Cheaper
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

Consortium's new process looks to make method of extracting the oils from microalgae more energy-efficient
Intelligence Quotient
Authors: Excell Mike
Published: July 2023

The overriding theme running through MACH 2018 is the vital role that interconnected technology will play in the future of manufacturing.
Cyber-Attacks Could Cripple Manufacturing
Authors: Roy Raj
Published: July 2023

The new generation of engineers needs to rise to the cybersecurity challenge and design protection into everything
New Confidence on the Shelf
Authors: Fowler David
Published: July 2023

An upswing in the oil price has brought renewed optimism to the North Sea, along with a wave of fresh recruitment initiatives.
Okul Öncesi ve İlkokul Öğretmenlerinin Sınıf İçi Soru Sorma Becerileri ile Meraklılık Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TEMUR Gupse , AŞIK Gürsu
Published: July 2023

Merak, Türk Dil Kurumu’nda bir şeyi anlamak veya öğrenmek için duyulan istek şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Bu temel tanımı ile görülmektedir ki merak, öğrenme ortamlarının vazgeçilmez unsurlarından biridir. Yine öğrenme ortamlarının en temel yöntemlerinden biri olan soru-cevap yöntemi ise merakın doğası gereği sorularla olan bağında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Soru sorma insanların bilgiye ulaşmada kullandıkları ilk teknolojidir. Merak, sorularla evrimleşen bir yetidir. Merak ve keşfetme duygusunun, sınıf içinde soru sorma yöntemi ile olan ilişkisini incelemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma öğrenme ortamlarının düzenleyicileri öğretmenler ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma, ilişkisel tarama yöntemiyle desenlenmiştir. Çalışmaya, Bursa’daki resmi okullarda çalışan 233 okul öncesi ve ilkokul öğretmeni katılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin merak ve keşfetme düzeyleri ile sınıftaki soru sorma performansları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin demografik değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini test etmek için bağımsız örneklemler t-testi ve varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın neticesinde en önemli bulgu olarak merak ve keşfetme duygusunun sınıf içindeki soru sorma performansını yordadığı görülmüştür. Buna bağlı olarak öğretmenlerin merak ve keşfetme duygusu ne kadar yüksekse öğrencilerini düşünmeye ve sorgulamaya yöneltecek soru sorma yöntemini daha verimli kullandığı söylenebilir.
Effects of Soil Data Accuracy on Outputs of Irrigation Scheduling Tools
Authors: Mehata Mukesh , Datta Sumon , Taghvaeian Saleh , Mirchi Ali , Moriasi Daniel N.
Published: July 2023

Highlights

The effects of soil data accuracy on estimated water fluxes by an irrigation scheduling model were investigated.

Free and frequently used web soil survey (WSS) soil textural data underestimated sand particles in 89% of cases.

Forty-nine percent of the estimated differences in seasonal irrigation based on WSS and measured soil data were within ±25 mm.

In most cases, use of WSS data resulted in larger evaporation, smaller deep percolation, and larger runoff compared to those based on measured soil data.

Abstract. A widely used irrigation scheduling method is based on modeling soil water balance, which requires several key inputs, including soil data. Many scheduling tools developed using this method rely on publicly available soil data, such as the United States Department of Agriculture's Web Soil Survey (WSS). While soil survey data are a valuable source of information for general farm and natural resource planning and management at large scales, inaccuracies in soil conditions at field and subfield scales can hamper efficient agricultural water management through irrigation scheduling tools. To illuminate the implications of the localized inaccuracies, this study estimated the errors in WSS soil textural data at 18 sites in three regions of western Oklahoma through comparison with in-situ sampling (ISS) data. The effects of errors on estimated water fluxes were also investigated for dominant crops of each region over a 15-year (2006-2020) period. The findings demonstrated that WSS soil textures were finer than ISS at most sites and soil layers, resulting in generally greater root zone total available water estimates. Differences in seasonal irrigation demand estimates when WSS data were used instead of ISS reached 20% at one site but were within ±9% among the regions. Half of the estimated seasonal irrigation differences for all sites, years, and crops were within ±25 mm. Soil evaporation, deep percolation, and runoff fluxes were also impacted by soil data source, albeit to a smaller degree than irrigation, at levels and directions (over or underestimation) that were dependent on the sign and magnitude of WSS errors, as well as precipitation amounts and timing. Overall, errors in WSS data may not have a major impact at regional scales, but the effects on individual irrigated farms may be severe depending on the magnitude of difference between WSS data and true soil conditions. Keywords: Irrigation demand, Soil water balance, SSURGO, Water fluxes, Web soil survey.
Optimum Weather Conditions for Prescribed Burning in the Flint Hills Region
Authors: Akinbile Demilade Samuel , Liu Zifei , Lin Xiaomao , Moore Trisha , Song Weixing
Published: July 2023

Highlights

The subjectivity of landowner decisions in prescribed burning was influenced by solar radiation and relative humidity.

Landowners preferred to burn when there was less cloud cover, which promoted O3 generation.

Proposed optimum weather conditions will reduce the smoke impact on O3.

Abstract. Land managers use weather conditions to determine when meteorological and fuel conditions are suitable for prescribed burning. The objectives of this study were: 1) to characterize meteorological parameters’ sensitivities and identify the influential weather parameters connected to daily fire activities; and 2) to identify optimum weather conditions that are practical for mitigating the smoke impact associated with prescribed fires in the Flint Hills region. Machine learning techniques using random forest (RF) with Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values and Pearson correlation were used to identify the relative importance of weather variables and their impact on landowner burn decisions in the Flint Hills region based on historic data from 2003-2019. Results showed that less cloud cover demonstrated superior predictive power in landowner decisions for prescribed burning and largely resulted in elevated ambient ozone (O3). We found out that six days per burning season on average provided the proposed optimum weather conditions, where cloud cover ranged from 10+ to 55%. However, 62% of the total burned area occurred when the cloud cover was less than 10+% during 2003-2019. By changing the current burning occurrence to the proposed optimum weather conditions in our study, the probability of 70+ ppb O3 occurrence could be reduced from 35% to 9% on heavy fire days. Keywords: Cloud cover, Optimum weather conditions, Ozone, Prescribed burning.
Applying the AD-AS Model to the Housing Market of Post-Socialist Economies
Authors: Łaszek Jacek , Olszewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

We propose applying the standard aggregate demand and aggregate supply model (AD-AS) to the housing market. It is a very simple and intuitive tool that can help shed light on the major forces at play in the market and that can supplement the use of the general equilibrium and dynamic stochastic equilibrium models (DSGE). The latter models are very sophisticated and aim to cover many aspects of the economy, but they require a significant number of long time series to estimate the model parameters. However, in many countries, such as post-socialist countries, the time series are short. Those models moreover cover only real house prices, but in certain situations we should consider real and nominal prices at the same time.
The Role of Mortgage Subsidies in the Croatian Economic Growth Strategy: a Political-Economy Approach to the SSK
Authors: Fernández Alejandro , Bežovan Gojko
Published: July 2023

Since 2017, Croatian housing policy has focused on promoting homeownership through the SSK programme – a form of mortgage subsidisation that covers a proportion of housing costs. Although this policy aimed to improve affordability and increase homeownership, a recent economic evaluation has shown that the SSK has in fact contributed to rising house prices and has been ineffective at raising the homeownership rate. While econometric research has identified the impact that the SSK has had on house price volatility and affordability, the underlying factors leading to the implementation of this subsidy, as well as its broader societal impacts, remain under-researched. Through a political-economy lens, this paper analyses the context that led to the inception of the SSK, its core targeting principles, and its impact on the housing market. We ask: How does this subsidy position the Croatian housing market within the national strategy for economic growth and social policy provision? We argue that this policy’s impact on housing markets is twofold. First, the SSK reinforces a shift towards financialised growth through increased asset prices. Second, this subsidy shifts the focus of social policy towards mortgage markets, thereby furthering the privatisation of the welfare state and favouring middle-income groups. This paper’s contribution resides in critically discussing the SSK beyond its stated goals and contextualising it within the broader model of economic growth dependent on private finance. Through interviews with relevant stakeholders, descriptive data indicators, and a review of policy documents, this paper characterises the Croatian growth strategy as a form of small-scale financialisation that relies on aligning social policy with mortgage markets. Finally, we position the SSK within a wider array of finance-led housing policies and suggest the formulation of a comprehensive housing strategy tailored to the broader segments of Croatian society.
Landlords vs Tenants = Top vs Bottom? Class Positions in Rental Housing in Germany
Authors: Kadelke Philipp
Published: July 2023

Home ownership status is closely linked to social inequality in Germany, where tenants face several disadvantages in multiple dimensions. Even though Germany is one of the biggest renter and therefore landlord nations, in the context of the housing question it is the demand side that has been discussed and studied most. Less attention has been given to the supply side, particularly individual small-scale landlords. This article is one of the first attempts to shed light on the largest provider group that literally holds the keys to homes in its hands. Drawing on quantitative data, this article examines the socioeconomic profiles of landlords compared to tenants over time, finding landlords in the upper strata and witnessing long-term wealth divides in relation to tenants. Coupled with structural power imbalances during tenancies, this research seeks to stimulate research on private renting in the future from a class perspective.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Dorsal Spine in a Child Presenting with Deformity of the Back: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: HD Bharath , R Krishnakumar , John Jeffy
Published: July 2023

Background: Back pain in the pediatric population is a common complaint with wide differentials including mechanical cause, musculoskeletal involvement, infectious or inflammatory pathologies, and tumors. Transient back pain is common among children, and in majority of cases resolves without any treatment or with rest and mere hot/cold fomentations. However, pain disproportionate to physical findings and not reduced by pain medications, strongly suggest the presence of a serious underlying pathology. Case presentation: A 13 year old boy presented with a history of mild mid back pain lasting for a week associated with gradually developing deformity of the back, noticed by his parents. There is no history of any injury or fall prior to presentation. He had no history of any other constitutional symptoms. Upon radiological investigations he was found to have an isolated lytic lesion in D9 vertebra with differentials of tubercular/neoplastic/metastatic etiologies. Histopathological examination after biopsy was suggestive of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and was proven by immunohistochemistry. He was managed with conservative line of treatment with analgesics and other supportive care. Discussion: LCH is considered a pediatric disease, and involvement of the pediatric spine in not uncommon. A child presenting with persistent and progressive back pain should be evaluated in detail even if the child is not presenting with any other constitutional symptoms to rule out rare causes of vertebral lytic lesions. There are no cases reported in the literature suggesting LCH of the spine in pediatric population presenting as the deformity of the back. Conservative treatment is a good choice for a patient with LCH without neurological deficits or spinal instability. Keywords: Spine deformity, Children, LCH, Back pain
Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills and Media Literacy in Initial VET Students: A Mixed Methods Study on a Cross-Country Training Program
Authors: Tommasi Francesco , Ceschi Andrea , Bollarino Sara , Belotto Silvia , Genero Silvia , Sartori Riccardo
Published: July 2023

Context: In the last few decades, the constant and exponential changes in the society's consumption of information have increased the awareness of practitioners from the education and training field, on the need for training programs for the enhancement of critical thinking skills and media literacy among students from Initial Vocational Education and Training (IVET) who are less exposed to intellectual trainings than their peers in traditional education pathways. 
Approach: With this impetus, the present paper reports the results of a mixed methods study evaluating a training program for such competences. Based on a cognitive psychology theoretical framework, the training program consisted in three main techniques through which trainers can work with students in the classroom. N= 35 trainers from five different countries (i.e., Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands) were instructed about the training techniques and implemented them in their training centres. Then, a total of N= 288 students among these countries were involved in the testing of the training, which took place on a duration average of 5 months. Mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness and quality of the training. Notably, prospective statistical analysis evaluated the training's impact of the participating students and compared with a control group. Qualitative interviews examined the training's lived experience with a group of students and trainers. 
Findings: The quantitative and qualitative analysis of pre/post- measures of critical thinking skills and media literacy of the experimental group, and the comparison with the control group, indicate an increase in these competences and confirm the efficacy of the training intervention. 
Conclusion: These results inform about the usefulness of the training program cross-culturally and the feasibility of training strategies based on cognitive psychology. Moreover, the paper offers a methodological contribution thanks to the proposition of the mixed methods approach for training programs assessment.
Noves perspectives per a la història de l'hospital premodern a la Corona d'Aragó: renovació historiogràfica i consolidació d'una disciplina emergent.
Authors: BRIDGEWATER Pol
Published: July 2023

La historiografía del hospital premoderno vivió un proceso de renovación enmarcado, a grandes rasgos, entre los años sesenta y ochenta del siglo XX y basado en el rechazo de aproximaciones híperespecificas y conmemorativas a instituciones asistenciales concretas.
Design and testing of star tracker algorithms for autonomous optical line-of-sight deep-space navigation
Authors: Casini Stefano , Cervone Angelo , Monna Bert , Visser Pieter
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to investigate the capabilities of exploiting optical line-of-sight navigation using star trackers. First, a synthetic image simulator is developed to generate realistic images, which is later exploited to test the star tracker’s performance. Then, generic considerations regarding attitude estimation are drawn, highlighting how the camera’s characteristics influence the accuracy of the estimation. The full attitude estimation chain is designed and analyzed in order to maximize the performance in a deep-space cruising scenario. After that, the focus is shifted to the actual planet-centroiding algorithm, with particular emphasis on the illumination compensation routine, which is shown to be fundamental to achieving the required navigation accuracy. The influence of the center of the planet within the singular pixel is investigated, showing how this uncontrollable parameter can lower performance. Finally, the complete algorithm chain is tested with the synthetic image simulator in a wide range of scenarios. The final promising results show that with the selected hardware, even in the higher noise condition, it is possible to achieve a direction’s azimuth and elevation angle error in the order of 1–2 arc sec for Venus, and below 1 arc sec for Jupiter, for a spacecraft placed at 1 AU from the Sun. These values finally allow for a positioning error below 1000 km, which is in line with the current non-autonomous navigation state-of-the-art.
ZCCHC3 is a stress granule zinc knuckle protein that strongly suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposition
Authors: Goodier John L. , Wan Han , Soares Alisha O. , Sanchez Laura , Selser John Michael , Pereira Gavin C. , Karma Sadik , García-Pérez José Luis , Kazazian Haig H. , García Cañadas Marta M.
Published: July 2023

Retrotransposons have generated about half of the human genome and LINE-1s (L1s) are the only autonomously active retrotransposons. The cell has evolved an arsenal of defense mechanisms to protect against retrotransposition with factors we are only beginning to understand. In this study, we investigate Zinc Finger CCHC-Type Containing 3 (ZCCHC3), a gag-like zinc knuckle protein recently reported to function in the innate immune response to infecting viruses. We show that ZCCHC3 also severely restricts human retrotransposons and associates with the L1 ORF1p ribonucleoprotein particle. We identify ZCCHC3 as a bona fide stress granule protein, and its association with LINE-1 is further supported by colocalization with L1 ORF1 protein in stress granules, dense cytoplasmic aggregations of proteins and RNAs that contain stalled translation pre-initiation complexes and form when the cell is under stress. Our work also draws links between ZCCHC3 and the anti-viral and retrotransposon restriction factors Mov10 RISC Complex RNA Helicase (MOV10) and Zinc Finger CCCH-Type, Antiviral 1 (ZC3HAV1, also called ZAP). Furthermore, collective evidence from subcellular localization, co-immunoprecipitation, and velocity gradient centrifugation connects ZCCHC3 with the RNA exosome, a multi-subunit ribonuclease complex capable of degrading various species of RNA molecules and that has previously been linked with retrotransposon control.
Impact of preventive chemotherapy on Strongyloides stercoralis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stroffolini Giacomo , Tamarozzi Francesca , Fittipaldo Andrea , Mazzi Cristina , Le Brandon , Vaz Nery Susana , Buonfrate Dora
Published: July 2023

Background

Strongyloides stercoralis is a neglected soil-transmitted helminth (STH) that leads to significant morbidity in endemic populations. Infection with this helminth has recently been recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major global health problem to be addressed with ivermectin preventive chemotherapy, and therefore, there is now, the need to develop guidelines for strongyloidiasis control that can be implemented by endemic countries. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ivermectin preventive chemotherapy (PC) on S. stercoralis prevalence in endemic areas to generate evidence that can inform global health policy.

Methodology/Principal findings

This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and LILACS for literature published between 1990 and 2022 and reporting prevalence of S. stercoralis before and after PC with ivermectin, administered either at school or at community level. The search strategy identified 933 records, eight of which were included in the meta-analysis. Data extraction and quality assessment were carried out by two authors. Meta-analysis of studies based on fecal testing demonstrated a significant reduction of S. stercoralis prevalence after PC: prevalence Risk Ratio (RR) 0.18 (95% CI 0.14–0.23), I2 = 0. A similar trend was observed in studies that used serology for diagnosis: RR 0.35 (95% CI 0.26–0.48), I2 = 4.25%. A sensitivity analysis was carried out for fecal tests where low quality studies were removed, confirming a post-intervention reduction in prevalence. The impact of PC could not be evaluated at different time points or comparing annual vs biannual administration due to insufficient data.

Conclusions/Significance

Our findings demonstrate a significant decrease of S. stercoralis prevalence in areas where ivermectin PC has taken place, supporting the use of ivermectin PC in endemic areas.
Ultrasound measurements of interactive turn-taking in question-answer sequences: Articulatory preparation is delayed but not tied to the response
Authors: Bögels Sara , Levinson Stephen C.
Published: July 2023

We know that speech planning in conversational turn-taking can happen in overlap with the previous turn and research suggests that it starts as early as possible, that is, as soon as the gist of the previous turn becomes clear. The present study aimed to investigate whether planning proceeds all the way up to the last stage of articulatory preparation (i.e., putting the articulators in place for the first phoneme of the response) and what the timing of this process is. Participants answered pre-recorded quiz questions (being under the illusion that they were asked live), while their tongue movements were measured using ultrasound. Planning could start early for some quiz questions (i.e., midway during the question), but late for others (i.e., only at the end of the question). The results showed no evidence for a difference between tongue movements in these two types of questions for at least two seconds after planning could start in early-planning questions, suggesting that speech planning in overlap with the current turn proceeds more slowly than in the clear. On the other hand, when time-locking to speech onset, tongue movements differed between the two conditions from up to two seconds before this point. This suggests that articulatory preparation can occur in advance and is not fully tied to the overt response itself.
A new point-of-care test for the rapid antimicrobial susceptibility assessment of uropathogens
Authors: Arienzo Alyexandra , Murgia Lorenza , Cellitti Valentina , Ferrante Valeria , Stalio Ottavia , Losito Francesca , Gallo Valentina , Tomassetti Federica , Marino Rossella , Cristofano Flavia , Orrù Michela , Visca Paolo , Di Somma Salvatore , Silvestri Lorena , Ziparo Vincenzo , Antonini Giovanni
Published: July 2023

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is considered a major issue worldwide. This condition may account for treatment failure of urinary tract infections, which are among the most common infections both in community and healthcare settings. Therapy against uropathogens is generally administered empirically, possibly leading to unsuccessful therapy, recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance. The reduction in analytical time to obtain antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results could play a key role in reducing the cost of healthcare, providing information about antibiotic efficacy and thus preventing from either exploiting new and expensive antibiotics unnecessarily or using obsolete and ineffective ones. A more rational choice among treatment options would hence lead to more effective treatment and faster resolution. In this paper we evaluated the performance of a new Point Of Care Test (POCT) for the rapid prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility in urine samples performed without the need of a laboratory or specialized technicians. 349 patients were enrolled in two open-label, monocentric, non-interventional clinical trials in partnership with an Emergency Medicine ward and the Day Hospital of two large healthcare facilities in Rome. Antibiogram was carried out on 97 patients. Results from analysis of urine samples with the POCT were compared with those from routine AST performed on culture-positive samples, displaying high accuracy (>90%) for all tested antimicrobial drugs and yielding reliable results in less than 12 hours from urine collection thus reducing analytical and management costs.
What can drawings tell us about children’s perceptions of nature?
Authors: Howlett Kate , Turner Edgar C.
Published: July 2023

The growing disconnect between children and nature has led to concerns around the loss of ecological knowledge and reduced nature connection. Understanding children’s perceptions of nature is vital for engaging them with local wildlife and mitigating this growing disconnect. This study investigated children’s perceptions of nature by analysing 401 drawings made by children (aged 7–11) of their local green spaces, collected from 12 different English schools, including state-funded and privately funded. We assessed which animal and plant groups were drawn the most and least often, quantified each drawing’s species richness and community composition, and identified all terms used in the drawings to the highest taxonomic resolution possible. The most commonly drawn groups were mammals (80.5% of drawings) and birds (68.6% of drawings), while herpetofauna were the least commonly drawn (15.7% of drawings). Despite not explicitly being asked about plants, 91.3% of drawings contained a plant. Taxonomic resolution was highest for mammals and birds, with 90% of domestic mammals and 69.6% of garden birds identifiable to species, compared to 18.5% of insects and 14.3% of herpetofauna. No invertebrates other than insects were identifiable to species. Within plants, trees and crops were the most identifiable to species, at 52.6% and 25% of terms respectively. Drawings from state-school children had higher plant richness than those from private-school children. Animal community composition differed between school funding types, with more types of garden birds drawn by private-school than state-school children, and more types of invertebrates drawn by state-school than private-school children. Our findings indicate that children’s perceptions of local wildlife are focused on mammals and birds. While plants feature prominently, plant knowledge is less specific than animal knowledge. We suggest that this skew in children’s ecological awareness be addressed through better integration of ecology within national curricula and more funding for green space within schools.
Construction and validation of 3-genes hypoxia-related prognostic signature to predict the prognosis and therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Liu Yunxun , Shen Bingbing , Huang Ting , Wang Jianguo , Jiang Jianxin
Published: July 2023

Background

Previous studies have shown that the hypoxia microenvironment significantly impacted tumor progression. However, the clinical prognostic value of hypoxia-related risk signatures and their effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains hazy. This study aimed to conduct novel hypoxia-related prognostic signatures and improve HCC prognosis and treatment.

Methods

Differentially expressed hypoxia-related genes (HGs) were identified with the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Univariate Cox regression was utilized to generate the tumor hypoxia-related prognostic signature, which consists of 3 HGs, based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. Then the risk score for each patient was performed. The prognostic signature’s independent prognostic usefulness was confirmed, and systematic analyses were done on the relationships between the prognostic signature and immune cell infiltration, somatic cell mutation, medication sensitivity, and putative immunological checkpoints.

Results

A prognostic risk model of four HGs (FDPS, SRM, and NDRG1) was constructed and validated in the training, testing, and validation datasets. To determine the model’s performance in patients with HCC, Kaplan–Meier curves and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis was implemented. According to immune infiltration analysis, the high-risk group had a significant infiltration of CD4+ T cells, M0 macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs) than those of the low-risk subtype. In addition, the presence of TP53 mutations in the high-risk group was higher, in which LY317615, PF−562271, Pyrimethamine, and Sunitinib were more sensitive. The CD86, LAIR1, and LGALS9 expression were upregulated in the high-risk subtype.

Conclusions

The hypoxia-related risk signature is a reliable predictive model for better clinical management of HCC patients and offers clinicians a holistic viewpoint when determining the diagnosis and course of HCC treatment.
Postmigration: Aesthetics and interventions
Authors: Hallensleben Markus , Schramm Moritz
Published: July 2023

In the last decade, discussions on postmigration and postmigrant aesthetics have gained traction in European cultural studies and current discourses on the role of migration in modern societies. Our introduction to the themed issue on ‘Postmigration: Aesthetics and Interventions’ seeks to provide an overview of some of the most central developments in the field, whether it is the growing academic awareness of ‘postmigrant theatre’, which has been a major success in Germany since 2008, or the recent academic debates and international discussions about postmigration as a new theory in social and cultural studies. We distinguish at least three major tendencies within these academic debates that either focus on postmigrant subjectivities, on postmigrant societies, or on postmigration as a new analytical perspective. Furthermore, we also address some of the criticism that could be brought up against the concept of postmigration from postcolonial and decolonial approaches. Our ambition is to open the concept for future challenges and perspectives in the fields of European cultural and migration studies when investigating diverse and super-diverse social spaces and cultural productions, including their aesthetics, politics and narratives of belonging. At the end, we briefly introduce all contributions coming from anthropology, social, cultural and literary studies.
De-essentializing ethnic identities through narrating a plural belonging: Aesthetics of postmigration in Zafer Şenocak’s novel Perilous Kinship (1998)
Authors: Hallensleben Markus
Published: July 2023

I will relocate Zafer Şenocak’s work within the aesthetics of postmigration. His novel Perilous Kinship (Gefährliche Verwandtschaft 1998) can be regarded as an important attempt to challenge and change the political core narrative of Germany as a homogeneous society during reunification times. By contributing to the political and public discourses of national belonging, integration policies and immigration politics from the late 1990s onward, the novel’s fragmented, open-ended story can be seen as a distinct example for a narrative of postmigratory belonging that goes beyond territorial, ethnically essentialized and otherwise fixated constructions of cultural identities, including postcolonial and hybrid identity constructions. The novel, by style and structure, can be analysed through the lens of a transformative aesthetics that makes the visible invisible (and vice versa), undoes marginalization and in so doing demonstrates the construction of identity and society as plural and performative. It further challenges the perception of Berlin as a site of coherent national history by describing it as ‘The capital of the fragment’ and as ‘a city of immigration par excellence’. My argument is that the protagonist’s multi-layered cultural identity construction as someone, who discovers his Jewish-German-Turkish family connections, draws parallels to the conceptualization of Berlin as a super-diverse metropolitan space.
Migrantizing Europe: The perspective of a Black Mediterranean
Authors: Römhild Regina
Published: July 2023

My article, from the perspective of critical Europeanization studies, argues to consider a postmigratory approach for revisiting not only the ‘nation’ but also ‘Europe’ – as being similarly constituted by long-term colonial and postcolonial migration movements, as well as by Afropean entanglements across a Black Mediterranean. Therefore, migrancy is not only the product but also the producer of a shifting figuration called Europe. Hence, as much as that of the nation, the concept of and the perspective on Europe needs to be ‘migrantized’.
‘How are we going to be able to reach a higher degree of self-determination?’: A conversation with writer Max Czollek about ‘Radical Diversity’
Authors: Hallensleben Markus
Published: July 2023

Max Czollek just published a translation of his book De-Integrate!: A Jewish Survival Guide for the 21st Century (translated by Jon Cho-Polizzi at New York Restless Books, 2023), a controversial, often humorous and best-selling polemic first published in Germany at Hanser Verlag, Munich, in 2018 under the title Desintegriert Euch. De-Integrate! is a battle cry against Jewish assimilation into a dominant culture that seeks to paint over the past – and a handbook for minorities on how to embrace their differences and resist rising nationalism, anti-Semitism, xenophobia and racism. Max Czollek was very generous by inviting me to his apartment in Berlin-Kreuzberg in the summer of 2022, where we publicly talked about narratives of non-belonging and belonging, migration and postmigration, as well as diversity and memory politics. This article is a shortened and edited version of our conversation in anticipation of his new publication De-Integrate!
The potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from ikan budu (fermented fish) to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi and detoxify aflatoxin B1
Authors: Marlida Yetti , Nurmiati Nurmiati , Husmaini Husmaini , Huda Nurul , Anggraini Lili , Ardani Laily Rinda
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim: Market demand for safe feed and food supply and consumer preferences for safe and healthy products are increasing. Control measures to counter threats to the feed supply need to be implemented as early as possible to prevent economic losses. Mycotoxins produced by certain groups of fungi are a problem that can disrupt the feed supply or pose a threat to the health of animals and humans. Biological control to detoxify contaminated feed ingredients can be carried out on a large scale economically. For example, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can act as biological agents for eliminating mycotoxins. This study aimed to clarify the value of screening LAB to inhibit Aspergillus flavus> growth and detoxify aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Materials and Methods: In this study, using a completely randomized design with three replications, five isolates of LAB (LA.1, LA.6, LA.8, LA.12, and LA.22) along with their supernatants were tested qualitatively and quantitatively for their ability to counter mycotoxins using A. flavus and corn kernels. The isolates with the best activity were identified by sequencing 16S rDNA.

Results: The results showed that the five LAB isolates can inhibit the growth of A. flavus and detoxify AFB1. Among these isolates, LA.12 showed the best performance, followed by LA.22, LA.8, LA.6, and then LA.1. The sequencing results confirmed that LA.12 was Lactobacillus harbinensis strain 487.

Conclusion: All of the isolates in this study have the potential as biological agents for detoxifying AFB1, with isolate LA.12 appearing to be the most promising biodetoxification agent for feed (AFB1 in corn) based on its ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi.

Keywords: biodetoxification, feedstuffs, lactic acid bacteria, pathogenic fungi.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Corpo
Published: July 2023

Os aquíferos representam o mais importante reservatório de água acessível para o suprimento das demandas humanas e manutenção de inúmeros ecossistemas. São, atualmente, a mais importante fonte de abastecimento para o consumo humano em escala global. Episódios recorrentes de crises hídricas, associadas às mudanças climáticas globais, evidenciam a importância da gestão e preservação desse importante recurso. Aprofundar o conhecimento científico sobre esse reservatório de água, crucial para o planejamento estratégico de qualquer nação, é primordial para se atingir essas metas. Desta maneira, a seção temática de Derbyana, dedicada aos avanços na área da Hidrogeologia e dos Aquíferos Brasileiros, busca contribuir para a ampliação do seu conhecimento e divulgação de maneira acessível a todos os interessados, uma vez que a revista é de acesso aberto, contando com a participação de especialistas em diferentes áreas. Essa contribuição visa ilustrar o estado da arte das pesquisas desenvolvidas a respeito dos diferentes aquíferos, medidas de proteção e gestão, inovações metodológicas, problemas não solucionados e perspectivas futuras. Contamos com a colaboração do Prof. Dr. Didier Gastmans do Centro de Estudos Ambientais (CEA) da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) na coordenação dos trabalhos.
Detecção e delimitação das áreas afetadas pelo rompimento da barragem em Brumadinho – MG
Authors: Pires Felipe Henrique , Cunha Caroline Favoreto da , Peres Gustavo Soldado
Published: July 2023

Barragens de rejeito de minério são projetadas para conter e acumular substâncias líquidas e sólidos provenientes dos processos de beneficiamento de minério. Cerca de 49% das causas de rompimento de barragem nos últimos cem anos ocorrem devido à falhas (gerenciamento e estrutura) acelerado por processos exógenos. O rompimento da barragem no município de Brumadinho comportava os rejeitos da mina do Córrego do Feijão, cerca de 11,7 milhões de metros cúbicos. Devido ao desastre, o trabalho objetivou-se em delimitar a área atingida pela lama do rejeito com uso de sensoriamento remoto e comparar com outros métodos já aplicados na literatura. Desta forma, imagens do Sentinel-2 foram adquiridas para aplicar o método de Classificação Supervisionada a partir do software Spring 5.5.6, utilizando uma imagem anterior e posterior à tragédia (07/01/2019 e 01/02/2019). Já os métodos utilizados por outros autores foram: Classificação Supervisionada e Não Supervisionada, Índice NDVI, Razão Simples de Minerais Ferrosos e Argilominerais e por último, vetor. A aplicação da Classificação Supervisionada demonstrou-se eficaz ao separar os atributos da imagem, separando em áreas (vegetação, outros e área atingida) resultando em uma cobertura de 282 ha e em comparação com os outros métodos, as áreas cobertas pela lama variaram de 164,792 ha à 430,18 ha. Com isso, o estudo concluiu que os métodos de sensoriamento remoto são eficazes em delimitar áreas que sofreram impacto ambiental, sendo uma ferramenta de baixo custo.