bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement in structural, thermal, charge transport and mechanical properties of poly (methyl methacrylate)/polyindole composites for optoelectronic devices
Authors: Sebastian Annumaria , Gopika R , Anju R , Verma Meenakshi , Ramesan M T
Published: April 2023

This study encompasses the synthesis, characterization, optical properties, thermal, mechanical, and electrical characteristics of a series of in situ polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with different contents of polyindole (PIN) composites. The formation of composites was characterized by FTIR, UV-visible, XRD, FE-SEM, AFM, DSC and TGA. Tensile testing techniques was used to determine mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus, hardness and impact strength of PMMA/PIN. Impedance spectroscopy was used to study the electrical properties of the prepared composites. The interaction between the NH moiety of indole and ester groups of PMMA was established through FTIR. The optical bandgap energy determined from UV spectroscopy shows a declining trend, whereas the refractive index grows significantly with the loading of indole up to 5 wt%. The decrease in broadness and intensity of the XRD peak confirmed the presence of an indole component in the PMMA matrix. The holes in the surface morphology of PMMA was changed into uniformly dispersed particles, confirming the dispersion of PIN in the PMMA matrix. The surface roughness obtained from AFM increases with the addition of PIN to PMMA. DSC measurements show that the glass transition temperature of the polymer increases with the inclusion of the indole moiety. TGA indicates that the addition of PIN has a positive effect on the thermal stability of PMMA/PIN composites. The results of mechanical testing showed an increase in Youngs modulus, tensile strength, and impact strength with the addition of PIN. The AC impedance results show an increase in the dielectric constant and conductivity of PMMA with the PIN addition. PMMA/PIN composites with high tensile strength, conductivity and dielectric constant can be used in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices and EMI shielding.
Iridium and gold alloy beta gallium oxide expected to achieve p-type conductivity
Authors: Wei Dong , Ma Yaqiang , Guo Gaofu , Li Yi , Yu Heng , Tang Yanan , Dai Xianqi
Published: April 2023

The beta monoclinic gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) is a wide-bandgap material with promising applications in high-power electronics, but bottleneck problem of p-type conductivity has become the biggest obstacle to device performance improvement. The effective p-type doping can be achieved in β-(Ir
x
Au
y
Ga1-x-y
)2O3 alloys, promising to be synthesised in the laboratory, from an energy perspective. The β-(Ir
x
Ga1-x
)2O3 exhibits an extended valence band with a maximum of 1.94 eV at the edge of the valence band. The location and bandwidth of the extended valence band can be changed with the Ir concentration. The Au substitution at the Ga(2) site actually creates a relatively shallow level, contrary to the expected deep acceptors. The 2p orbital of the O atom easily coupling with the doped atomic orbital to appear as a hole-polaronic state, while the higher energy of the Au-doped hole state avoids coupling with the valence band maximum of the host material. Theoretical feasibility of p-type doping of β-(Ir
x
Au
y
Ga1-x-y
)2O3 is achieved.
Analysis of a gas sensor based on one-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a designed defect cavity
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Suthar Bhuvneshwer , Nayak Chittranjan , Bhargava Anami
Published: April 2023

A symmetric one-dimensional photonic crystal configuration with defect layer is proposed for an optical gas sensor based device application. Here, Silicon and Si3N4 are considered as materials of dielectric layers with zero value of extinction coefficient in the wavelength range of concern. The transmission of PC configuration is estimated using the transfer matrix approach in case of configuration with and without defect, and the infiltrated gas is treated as defect layer. On the basis of the defect mode’s wavelength, gas can be determined. In addition, quality factor and sensitivity of the device are improved due to the variation of refractive index of layer B, thickness of defect, angle of incidence and the number of unit cells on either side of defect layer. By making analysis of the effect of these parameters on the sensitivity and quality factor, interesting results have been obtained and conclusions drawn. We have also proposed and investigated a symmetric structure with defect made with a single material to improve optical sensing parameters. Further for the sake of comparison, the various gases are used to show improved sensing characteristics for respective gases, which can be used to determine gas. It is inferred that such refractive index optical sensor based on defect mode position is highly sensitive and offers precise optical sensing characteristics and possibly find applications in gas detection.
Reflection characteristics of water treeing insulation in medium voltage cables
Authors: Ye Yuan , Hu Xiao
Published: April 2023

This paper presents an analytical model based on wave reflection of dual interfaces for studying the reflection due to water treeing in the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation of medium voltage cables. The model is expected to predict the reflection characteristics more accurately than that only considering reflection of a single interface. Experiments on a cable sample with mimic water trees are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the presented model. The model can potentially be used to relate time-domain reflectometry (TDR) measurement results with characteristics of water treeing insulation in the cables.
Influence of the quantum well dielectric permittivity on the two-dimensional plasmon-phonon
Authors: Aleshkin V Ya , Dubinov A A , Rudakov A O
Published: April 2023

The work is devoted to a theoretical study of the effect of polarizability associated with quantum well lattice vibrations and filled electron bands on the properties of two-dimensional plasmon-phonons in InAs/AlSb and CdHgTe/CdTe single quantum well (QW) heterostructures. The spectra for the considered excitations are obtained without taking into account the spatial dispersion and with it taken into account in the framework of random phase approximation (RPA). The frequency dependence of the plasmon-phonon absorption coefficient is calculated. It is shown that taking into account the contribution of QW phonons and electrons of filled bands to the polarizability leads to the conclusion that there is a maximum frequency of plasmon-phonons and to the conclusion that the existence of plasmon-phonon modes requires that the electron mobility exceed a certain minimum value.
Ambient relative humidity effects on mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed PLA components
Authors: Demirtaş Mehmet Selim , Avcıoğlu Emir
Published: April 2023

In this study, poly(lactic acid) samples were printed by using the fused deposition method whereas ambient relative humidity conditions and filling percentages varied. The effects of the relative humidity on the mechanical and thermal properties of the samples were investigated. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the samples decreased as the relative humidity increased and that specimens with low filling percentages were affected more by relative humidity. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the glass transition temperature, melting point, and crystallization temperature were inversely correlated with relative humidity. The surface structure was also negatively affected by the relative humidity, and the intensity and size of the voids increased as the relative humidity increased. In addition, this study recommends that the manufacture of materials with a 3D printer be conducted at low humidity to achieve high flexural strength and modulus.
Wavelength-tunable mode-locked laser using zinc phosphate as a saturable absorber at 1.9 μm
Authors: Ahmad H , Nizamani B , Samion M Z , Azam A D , Yusoff N
Published: April 2023

Metal phosphates have emerged as low-cost inorganic materials suitable for high-performance energy storage and conversion devices. The photoluminescence properties of metal phosphates are now being explored for their optoelectronic applications. Among them, zinc phosphate is the composition of metal zinc and phosphoric acid. In this work, we have demonstrated the synthesis of zinc phosphate by the solvothermal method and its potential as a saturable absorber (SA) to generate a tunable mode-locked laser at 1.9 μm. Zinc phosphate was coated over arc-shaped fiber and incorporated in a thulium-holmium doped fiber laser (THDFL) to achieve the mode-locking. Soliton mode-locked pulses were achieved at a center wavelength of 1893 nm with the pulse duration, repetition rate, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 1.12 ps, 12 MHz, and 68 dB, respectively. The center wavelength of the mode-locked laser was tunable from 1893 to 1898.4 nm, and the pulse duration ranged between 1.12 to 1.4 ps. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a wavelength-tunable mode-locked laser using zinc phosphate as a SA at 1.9 μm.
Some disquisitions on cosmological 2-form dualities
Authors: Aoki Katsuki , Beltrán Jiménez Jose , Figueruelo David
Published: April 2023

In this work we study different aspect of self-interacting 2-form fields with special emphasis in their cosmological applications. We provide the explicit construction of how massless 2-forms are compatible with the cosmological principle without resorting to the dual scalar field formulation. In terms of the 2-form, the residual Euclidean group is non-trivially realised by means of a combination of external spatial translations and internal gauge transformations. After presenting the general discussion of the dualities in cosmological scenarios, we analyse particular examples for some singular models and discuss in some detail the dual descriptions of the DBI, the cuscuton and the ghost condensate as well as the role of the duality in the effective field theories of cosmological perturbations. We then proceed to analysing scenarios with several self-interacting massless 2-forms and we show that they naturally provide the dual description of a solid. We then show how the perfect fluid and superfluids can be obtained by taking the appropriate limits in the dual formulations. We finally consider the case of massive 2-forms and their duals and briefly discuss their potential signatures in gravitational waves astronomy.
How Dark the Sky: The JWST Backgrounds
Authors: Rigby Jane R. , Lightsey Paul A. , García Marín Macarena , Bowers Charles W. , Smith Erin C. , Glasse Alistair , McElwain Michael W. , Rieke George H. , Chary Ranga-Ram , Liu Xiang (Cate) , Clampin Mark , Kimble Randy A. , Kinzel Wayne , Laidler Vicki , Mehalick Kimberly I. , Noriega-Crespo Alberto , Shivaei Irene , Skelton Dennis , Stark Christopher , Temim Tea , Wei Zongying , Willott Chris J.
Published: April 2023

We describe the sources of stray light and thermal background that affect JWST observations, report actual backgrounds as measured from commissioning and early-science observations, compare these background levels to prelaunch predictions, estimate the impact of the backgrounds on science performance, and explore how the backgrounds probe the achieved configuration of the deployed observatory. We find that for almost all applications, the observatory is limited by the irreducible astrophysical backgrounds, rather than scattered stray light and thermal self-emission, for all wavelengths λ < 12.5 μm, thus meeting the level 1 requirement. This result was not assured given the open architecture and thermal challenges of JWST, and it is the result of meticulous attention to stray light and thermal issues in the design, construction, integration, and test phases. From background considerations alone, JWST will require less integration time in the near-infrared compared to a system that just met the stray-light requirements; as such, JWST will be even more powerful than expected for deep imaging at 1–5 μm. In the mid-infrared, the measured thermal backgrounds closely match prelaunch predictions. The background near 10 μm is slightly higher than predicted before launch, but the impact on observations is mitigated by the excellent throughput of MIRI, such that instrument sensitivity will be as good as expected prelaunch. These measured background levels are fully compatible with JWST’s science goals and the Cycle 1 science program currently underway.
Applied Machine-Learning Models to Identify Spectral Sub-Types of M Dwarfs from Photometric Surveys
Authors: Sithajan Sirinrat , Meethong Sukanya
Published: April 2023

M dwarfs are the most abundant stars in the Solar Neighborhood and they are prime targets for searching for rocky planets in habitable zones. Consequently, a detailed characterization of these stars is in demand. The spectral sub-type is one of the parameters that is used for the characterization and it is traditionally derived from the observed spectra. However, obtaining the spectra of M dwarfs is expensive in terms of observation time and resources due to their intrinsic faintness. We study the performance of four machine-learning (ML) models—K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Probabilistic Random Forest (PRF), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)—in identifying the spectral sub-types of M dwarfs at a grand scale by deploying broadband photometry in the optical and near-infrared. We trained the ML models by using the spectroscopically identified M dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release (DR) 7, together with their photometric colors that were derived from the SDSS, Two-Micron All-Sky Survey, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We found that the RF, PRF, and MLP give a comparable prediction accuracy, 74%, while the KNN provides slightly lower accuracy, 71%. We also found that these models can predict the spectral sub-type of M dwarfs with ∼99% accuracy within ±1 sub-type. The five most useful features for the prediction are r − z, r − i, r − J, r − H , and g − z, and hence lacking data in all SDSS bands substantially reduces the prediction accuracy. However, we can achieve an accuracy of over 70% when the r and i magnitudes are available. Since the stars in this study are nearby (d ≲ 1300 pc for 95% of the stars), the dust extinction can reduce the prediction accuracy by only 3%. Finally, we used our optimized RF models to predict the spectral sub-types of M dwarfs from the Catalog of Cool Dwarf Targets for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and we provide the optimized RF models for public use.
Thermalization with a multibath: an investigation in simple models
Authors: Battista Carollo Giovanni , Corberi Federico , Gonnella Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

We study analytically and numerically a couple of paradigmatic spin models, each described in terms of two sets of variables attached to two different thermal baths with characteristic timescales T and τ and inverse temperatures B and β. In the limit in which one bath becomes extremely slow (

τ
→
∞

), such models amount to a paramagnet and to a one-dimensional ferromagnet in contact with a single bath. Our study is also motivated by analogies with disordered systems where widely separated timescales associated with different effective temperatures emerge. We show that these systems reach a stationary state in a finite time for any choice of B and β. We determine the non-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation between the autocorrelation and the response function in such a state and, from that, we discuss if and how thermalization with the two baths occurs and the emergence of a non-trivial fluctuation-dissipation ratio.
Influence of ITO Target on Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Thin Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Yang Shumin , Zhang Wei , Xie Bin , Xiong Mingyao
Published: April 2023

Indium tin oxide (ITO) targets possess good performances, thereby used to produce high-quality ITO films in transparent electrodes of various optoelectronic devices. The performance of the target greatly affects the performances of prepared ITO films. However, effect of the overall performance of ITO targets on ITO films performance is still not fully understood. ITO films were prepared with four targets by magnetron sputtering in the similar condition in this study. Effects of crystal structure, resistivity, and oxygen content of the targets on photoelectric performances of ITO films were all evaluated. Results showed the important effect of target properties on obtained film characteristics. ITO films prepared by low resistivity targets are more evenly distributed on the substrate surface. Meanwhile, oxygen content of obtained ITO films decreased as oxygen content of ITO targets used in sputtering process increased. This also significantly improved the photoelectric performances. ITO thin films deposited using targets with low resistivity and low oxygen content exhibited excellent photoelectric performances. In this experiment, the prepared ITO film illustrated the lowest resistivity of 1.75×10−4 Ω·cm and average transmittance of 90.5%. In sum, these findings provided a certain experimental basis for further improving the performances of ITO films.
Research on Preparation and Performance of Aerogel Rock Wool Thermal Insulation Composite Materials
Authors: Lu Guozhong , He Guangming , Ma Guoru , Li Yuyang , Li Jingyi
Published: April 2023

Reasearch and experimental tests had been operated on the preparation process and performance of aerogel rock wool composite thermal insulation material respectively, including the effects of solid contents, thickness and density of the board on thermal conductivity of the aerogel rock wool composite material, and the morphology and energy spectrum of the material were analyzed. The results showed that aerogel was beneficial to reduce the thermal conductivity of aerogel rock wool composite, and the thermal insulation performance of ordinary rock wool was greatly improved.
Operator-Compensation Schemes Combining with Implicit Integration Factor Method for the Nonlinear Dirac Equation
Authors: Zhang Ducui , Li Xianggui , Hua Dongying , Li Yanjing
Published: April 2023

A high-order accuracy numerical method for the (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear Dirac (NLD) equation is given in this work. For the spatial discretization, high-order operator-compensation technology is adopted, then semi-discrete scheme is obtained. Energy conservation and charge conservation are shown for the semi- discrete scheme. For the temporal discretization, implicit integration factor ( IIF) method is utilized to deal with the ordinary differential equations that are obtained from the semi-discrete scheme. The accuracy of the high-order numerical method is verified by numerical experiments, and the interaction dynamics of NLD solitary waves are investigated.
Influence of Deformation Rate on Nucleation and Growth of Recrystallized Grains during Hot Deformation of Nickel-Based Powder Superalloys
Authors: Lin Yingying , Fang Shuang , Dong Qi , Jiang Tao , Ma Xingyu
Published: April 2023

High temperature uniaxial compression deformation test was carried out on nickel-based powder superalloy FGH96 alloy by thermal processing simulation test machine, and the relationship between grain boundary characteristics and nucleation mechanism of recrystallized grains, growth characteristics of recrystallized cores and related dynamic softening mechanisms was studied. According to the correlation and evolution law of grains, combined with the change trend of grain orientation during the deformation process, the recrystallization behavior characteristics of the grains with special orientation generated during the deformation process were analyzed. When the deformation temperature is 1070 °C, the evolution rules of the substructure grain boundaries with an orientation difference of less than 10° are different under different deformation rate conditions, which indicates that the dynamic softening mechanism of FGH96 alloy is slightly different with the increase of deformation rate. There are different. With the increase of the deformation rate, the nucleation mechanism induced by Σ3 twinning gradually replaced the nucleation mechanism of continuous subgrain rotation and coarsening, and the grain growth rate gradually slowed down.
Effect of Full Baking on Carbon Measurement by High Frequency Induction Combustion Infrared Absorption Method
Authors: Wei Jianhuan , Xu Hui , Jiang Haixiao , Wu Yujie
Published: April 2023

In this study, the sample and multicomponent flux are put into the crucible and fully baked. The color change of multicomponent flux during baking indicates the degree of baking, which is appropriate when multicomponent flux turns light red. Through specific tests, different grades of superalloys are used to carry out the comparison test between full baking and non-baking. The measurement precision after full baking is generally higher than that without baking. The difference in value cannot be predicted. Also, the difference cannot be eliminated by adding a correction factor, it can only be eliminated by full baking. After full baking, it can be seen quantitatively from the blank influence value that the blank has little interference with the measurement of low carbon, and the influence on the measurement of high carbon is negligible.
Effects of Organic Additives on the Properties of Boronsilicate Glass/Al2O3 Composites Tape Casting Slurries and Green Tapes
Authors: Yu Zhihong , Lin Xiaoxia , Wei Pengfei
Published: April 2023

Tape casting was a new type of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) forming process, the key to which was the formation of slurry. Suspensions consisting of boronsilicate glass/Al2O3 powders and organic solvent system were studied, in addition, the effect of solid content and mixing time on the property were also investigated. The results indicated that the optimized parameters of the slurry are 55 wt. % boronsilicate glass/Al2O3 composites powders, the three azeotropic solvents (Ethanol/ Dimethylbenzene/ Dimethylcarbinol=30 wt.%: 10 wt.%: 60 wt.%), 3.0 wt.% dispersant, the ratio of plasticizer to binder(R=0.65), and mixing time (20 hours). The green tape had smooth and homogeneous surfaces without cracks, and the sintered sample had a high relative density.
Effect of N-doping on Structure and Properties of 3R-CuInO2 Oxide by First-principles Study
Authors: Zhang Xiaojian , Liu Wenting , Li Yangping
Published: April 2023

The structural, electronic and mechanical properties of N-doped 3R-CuInO2 were investigated by using the first-principles theory. The lattice constants and internal parameter of 3R-CuInO2 were calculated and the effects of N-doping on the structural parameters were also studied. And the electronic properties of pure and doped 3R-CuInO2 were studied throughout the calculation of band structure and density of states. Moreover, the elastic coefficients, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of pure and doped 3R-CuInO2 with different concentration of N atoms were also investigated.
Aging and Heat-treatment of Room-temperature Hydrogen Sensitive Pt-WO3 Composite Nanoceramics
Authors: Lu Xilai , Huang Yong , Wu Menghan , Chen Wanping
Published: April 2023

Pt-WO3 composite nanoceramic produced by pressed and sintered with 5 wt% Pt and WO3 nanoparticles has a response multiple of about 80 for 800 ppm H2-20% O2-N2 and a response multiple of about 10 for 100 ppm H2-20% O2-N2 at room temperature of 40 relative humidity(RH), showing an impressive sensing capacity for low concentration hydrogen. However, Pt-WO3 composite nanoceramic will show the aging phenomenon mainly with the rapid decline of recovery rate in the open air, which limits its application in practical equipment. Fortunately, Pt-WO3 composite nanoceramic can be reactivated by heat treatment at 200°C for 1 h, thus restoring its pre-aging hydrogen sensitivity capacity. This may be because heat treatment refixed some weak-bonds Pt particles to the original site.
Characterization of TC4 Alloy Powder Prepared by EIGA for Laser 3D Printing
Authors: Chen Jialu , Zhang Lei , An Ran
Published: April 2023

Spherical TC4 alloy powder for laser 3D printing have been prepared by the vacuum rotary electrode gas atomization(EIGA), and the characteristics such as particle size distribution, chemical composition, sphericity, phase, hollow sphere ratio, apparent density and flowability of spherical TC4 alloy powder were studied. The results show that the TC4 alloy powder with ideal characteristics was successfully prepared under the optimized process parameters, the morphology of the powder is mainly spherical and its sphericity reaches 98%, the phase is composed of α′-Ti single solid solution, the main particle size distribution is 1~150 μm, and the hollow sphere rate is 3%. The chemical composition of the TC4 alloy powder meets the requirements of industrial standards and the TC4 alloy powder has low oxygen content of 0.106%.The apparent density of alloy powder with 54~150 µm is 2.648 g/cm3, and the flowability is 25.7 s/50g. The characteristics of the TC4 alloy powder prepared by this EIGA method meet the requirements of laser 3D printing high-quality TC4 alloy.
Design and Strength Analysis of Feeding Guide Track Suitable for Long Tower Transportation
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Chen , Huang Yongzhong , Qin Jian , Li Lianmao
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the problems of difficult transportation of long tower and high turning requirements in material ropeway of transmission line, the design schemes of two kinds of feeding guide tracks, bifurcated guide track and two-track guide track, are proposed, and the feeding guide track realizes the transportation of long tower. The difficulty of manufacturing and transportation of the track in the two schemes is compared, as well as the accuracy of installation, and finally the two-track guide track design scheme is selected. The strength of the track is analyzed by finite element method, and the type and material parameters of the feeding guide track satisfying the design requirement are obtained. The type of the track is the hot-rolled light track 9kg/m, and the material is the steel with the grade of 50Q or 45SiMnP. The purpose of this study is to provide new ideas and directions for solving the construction feeding problem of large materials transported by material ropeway of transmission line in complex terrain.
Numerical Investigation on Enhanced Heat Transfer with Tilted Hypervapotron Structure of the Fusion Blanket
Authors: Gao Jun , Ji Junyu , He Shengnan , Wang Weihua , Chu Delin
Published: April 2023

High flux components in fusion reactor are designed to transfer high thermal loads from the core plasma under steady-state operation and emergency conditions. In order to improve the heat transfer ability, hypervapotron structure is proposed to promote the heat transfer performance by optimizing the thermal hydraulic design. In this paper, three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out using CFD methods for the improved solution of the first wall. The results show that the heat transfer performance of the triangular fin structure with tilt angle of 30° is superior to 0 °, 15°and 45°. At a typical flow rate of 2 m/s, the heat transfer efficiency of the triangular fin with tilt angle of 30° improved by a maximum of 118.1% compared with that of the smooth flow channel. In addition, the heat transfer performance of the triangular fin structure is better than other fin structure, and its maximum temperature drops by 136.3K compared to the smooth flow channel. The design solution may provide a viable new method for efficient cooling of future fusion reactor components with high heat flux.
A FBS Approach to Designing Monitoring System in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Shen Chao , Wang Yan , Chen Yu , Wu Gang
Published: April 2023

The design framework of human-machine interface (HMI) provides guiding principles for the display of digital information on the system interface. In order to solve the problem of human error caused by the unreasonable design of information interaction interface of complex system, this paper takes the feedwater flow control system (ARE) of nuclear power plant as an example to optimize . The design of the human-machine interface of the system is based on the framework of function behavior state (FBS), defines the mapping relationship between various levels of the system interface, defines the information requirements of the monitoring system interface and presents the information according to the cognitive decision-making theory, and improves it on the basis of the original interface. The purpose of this research is to make the monitoring interface more consistent with the mental model of the operator and reduce the cognitive workload and error probability, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the nuclear power plant. This research also provides some reference for the optimal design of the HMI of the monitoring system of the nuclear power plant in the future.
Research on Data Cleaning Method of Metal Material Corrosion Fatigue Test Data
Authors: Li Ruitao , Lv Shengli
Published: April 2023

When conducting corrosion fatigue tests on metal materials, it is found that the test results obtained or the process of manually sorting out these experimental data sometimes produce some abnormal data that are obviously different from other data. These abnormal data have a great impact on data processing and analysis, and also cause certain difficulties in the systematic management of experimental data.Therefore, in the process of developing the data management system for corrosion fatigue experiments, a module for calculating the screening of abnormal data in metal material test data was designed.The module is written in java language, which can effectively filter out abnormal values from the test data in the uploaded excel table, and calculate the average value, variance and other data according to the demand.Finally, the function of the system and the accuracy of its calculation are verified with the actual test data.The test results show that:The system is simple and convenient to use, with high calculation accuracy, which can effectively remove abnormal data and improve the staff’s processing efficiency of test data;At the same time, the system can also be used to clear the abnormal data of other test data of materials.
Reactive ion Etching of SiO2 and Mo Sidewall Profile Process
Authors: Shi Dingqi , He Jing , Zhou Zhen , Huang Chuyun
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the process parameters affecting the sidewall angle of Mo and SiO2 films based on the reactive ion etching (RIE) system, firstly, the photoresist mask with a certain sidewall angle was obtained by adjusting the hardening temperature and hardening time of the photoresist during the lithography process, and their effects on the sidewall angle of the photoresist mask were investigated. In the RIE etching of SiO2 and Mo, the etching gas type (CHF3, CF4, SF6), O2 flow rate, and their effects on the sidewall angle of SiO2 were adjusted to obtain the sidewall angle of SiO2 in the range of 15°~53°, During the RIE etching of Mo, the RF power, SF6 flow rate, and O2 flow rate were adjusted and their effects on the Mo sidewall angle were investigated, resulting in a range of 17.3° to 30.2° for the Mo sidewall angle. This is useful for the study of the thin film body acoustic resonator (FBAR) process.
Research on Construction Monitoring Technology of Stringing Block of Transmission Line
Authors: Nie Qiong , Qin Jian , Wang Fei , Liu Chen , Qiao Liang
Published: April 2023

In view of the monitoring and analysis requirements of the stringing block in the process of tension stringing construction, multi-parameter sensing monitoring units such as spatial attitude and load are used to realize real-time collection and transmission of multi-parameter data such as the three-axis attitude angle, the spatial position and load information of the stringing block. The calculation method of the spatial attitude angle of the stringing block is proposed, which can obtain the calculation results of the stringing block load and the change of the space attitude angle through the running state of the traction rope and wire at different stages, and realize the monitoring of the construction process.
Outgassing Characteristics of Ceramic Shell Material and Microchannel Plates of Third-Generation Low-Light-Level Image Intensifiers
Authors: Guo Xin , Pang Yan , Deng Ningkang , Yuan Yuan , Hu Wenbo , Bu Renan , Dong Meng , Chen Lian
Published: April 2023

Vacuum failure is a major cause of shortening the lifetime (especially storage lifetime) of low-light-level image intensifiers. In order to deeply understand the vacuum failure mechanism of image intensifiers, the gas releasing rates and compositions of ceramic shell material (95 alumina ceramic) and microchannel plates (MCPs) of third-generation low-light-level image intensifiers were measured with the static pressure-rising method and residual gas analysis by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The experimental results show that the outgassing rate of the 95 alumina ceramic at 150 °C is about one order of magnitude higher than that at 23 °C, while the outgassing rate of the MCPs at 150 °C is only about half an order of magnitude higher than that at 23 °C, which is caused by a large number of microchannels in the MCPs. During the static accumulation of gas releasing, the outgassing rate of the 95 alumina ceramic first increases and then tend to stabilize at 23 °C, and it remains basically unchanged at 150 °C, while for the MCPs both the outgassing rates at these two temperatures increase gradually, and the outgassing rate at the higher temperature increased relatively slowly. The main gas components released from the 95 alumina ceramic and MCPs at 23 °C include H2O, H2, N2/CO and CO2. After the vacuum baking at 150 °C, the releasing ratio of H2O gas from the 95 alumina ceramic decreased greatly, and that of H2 gas increased dramatically, while the releasing ratio of H2O gas from the MCPs decreased just slightly, which indicates that the vacuum baking degassing for the MCPs is relatively difficult.
Design of High-strength Material Non-dismantling Docking Assembly
Authors: Chai Shaolei , Wu Nianpeng , Bai Yu , Shi Qiang , Wei Yong
Published: April 2023

The construction technology of tower erection by segments with the cranes on the basis of the docking assembly has been applied in multiple cities and provinces in China. The docking assembly reduces the number of hoisting times, and lowers the safety hazards. However, the docking assembly which is an independent structure and made of common materials currently needs to be installed on and dismantled from the tower for each use, and each component is heavy. To address the above problems, the high-strength material non-dismantling docking assembly is studied to develop a design scheme which reduces the weight and eliminates the installation and dismantling work of docking assembly. Its successful engineering application shows that the use of high-strength materials effectively reduces the weight of the docking assembly and the docking assembly developed is safe and reliable, which greatly improves the efficiency of tower erection and reduces labor intensity. The project study results provide a reference for the design of high-strength material non-dismantling docking assembly for other types of transmission towers in the construction of power grids.
Calculation Method of Lane Saturated Flow Rate Based on Asphalt Material
Authors: Liang Zijun , Zhan Xuejuan , Wang Ruihan , Li Yuqi
Published: April 2023

In order to improve the calculation accuracy and popularity of intersection lane saturated flow rate, we propose a calculation method of lane saturated flow ratebased on asphalt material. Firstly, environmentally friendly modified asphalt material is used to pave the intersection lanes to improve the smoothness and friction of the road surface.Then by millisecond level electric alarmvehicle data for measuring basis, using the small time interval method to extract thedata of green light saturated time interval.By K-means algorithm clustering analysis, the percentage of different time headway clusters after clustering is analyzed, and the average value of time headway of representatives group as saturated time headway, and the saturated flow rate in the measured period is further calculated.Finally, an example analysis is carried out on the vehicle data of Eshan Road and Huajin South Road in Wuhu City. The saturated flow rate calculated by the proposed method is 1478.68veh/h. Compared with the manual observation method, the relative error is less than 3%, which verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Study on Structural Aging and Gas Leakage Failure Behavior of Electrofusion Socket of Buried Polyethylene Gas Pipes
Authors: Gao Guanling , Tian Xiaojiang , Luo Tao , Li Chao , Gao Jin
Published: April 2023

Based on two samples of gas leakage cases of the PE electrofusion socket for gas distribution systems within 22 and 25 years of service respectively, it was analyzed that the apparent performance and structural aging performance of electrofusion socket. The results suggested that it was happened to PE electrofusion socket of aging, decrease of thermo-oxidative stability and crystallinity, thus resulting in significant deterioration of structural performance in comparison to the pipe wall. In order to clarify the structural weakness of gas leakage, the failure analysis was carried out.
Field Measurements of Bridge Pier Scour in a Curved Channel
Authors: Li Ying , Pan Dongzi
Published: April 2023

Pier scour is the most common cause of bridge failures, so the problem for the erosion of soil surrounding a bridge foundation has attracted extensive attention. The Jiaxing-Shaoxing Bridge (JSB) is located in Jianshan bend of the Qiantang River Estuary (QRE). The special flow structure and bed morphology of the bend makes the scouring characteristics of the piers particularly complex. Based on the results of Multibeam Echosounders for topographic surveying in recent six years, the scouring characteristics of pier foundation of a main navigation channel of the JSB are analysed in this paper. The results show that with the implementation of the reclamation project in the QRE area, the river channel has been gradually narrowed, coupled with the sharp reduction of the sediment entering the sea of the Yangtze River, the river regime swing in the QRE has changed significantly compared with that in the original design stage of the JSB. Under adverse river regime hydrological conditions, the riverbed erosional depth near the bridge is remarkable, and the local scouring depth of the pier is superimposed, which significantly will reduce the minimum elevation of the bed around the pier.
Effect of Low-intensity Ultrasound on Cd Tolerance of Partial Nitrification Sludge
Authors: Chen Peiwen , Zhu Yichun , Yang Jieyuan , Lai Yafen
Published: April 2023

Cadmium (Cd) is a typical nitrification inhibitor, which has a strong inhibitory effect on partial nitrification (PN). The discrepancy on Cd tolerance of PN sludge caused by low-intensity ultrasound (LIU) was studied. It suggested that the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sludge was increased from 24.51 to 29.07 mg/L by 35 days of ultrasonic treatment, and the Cd tolerance of sludge was enhanced. Further analysis indicated that contents of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) rose substantially because of LIU, which played a catalytic role on increasing adsorption capacity of PN sludge for Cd.
Effects of Fly Ash Proportion on the Compressive Strength of the Fly Ash & Malan Loess Based Geopolymer Paste
Authors: Zhu Jiayuan , Gao Yuting , Wu Jie
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the 7-day and 14-day compressive strength of the fly ash & Malan loess based geopolymer paste. The sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate solution are used as the alkali solutions. The mass proportion of fly ash varies from 0% to 100%. A total of 66 specimens were cast. The 7-day and 14-day compressive strength vs the mass proportion of fly ash were discussed. According to the development changes of the compressive strength and density, the feasibility of loess in replacing fly ash was discussed, the geopolymer paste curing measures and the optimum mass proportion of fly ash were recommended.
Study on the Vertical Vibration Comfort of Prefabricated Skyscraper Steel-Concrete Composite Industrial Plant
Authors: Lu Wanzhu , Shen Yang , Zhou Ruoyang , Zhou Shujing , Qu Ming , Chen Jianghua
Published: April 2023

Steel-concrete composite structure is widely used in the present skyscraper industrial plant. This type of structure has a lot of advantages, such as high structural strength, efficient construction etc. However, the stiffness of this composite structure is lower than that of steel structures or reinforced-concrete structure, especially in the skyscraper industrial plant. The skyscraper industrial plant has a large span and high floor height, which means that the vibration comfort issues must be considered. This paper takes the actual skyscraper industrial plant under construction as the background, adopts the two methods of field measurement and finite element simulation, to obtain the first order vertical self-vibration frequency value of the steel-concrete composite slabs. The results show that the value is within the allowable range of error.
Development Trends of Low-Carbon Technologies of Chinese Steel Industry to Achieve Carbon Peaking and Neutrality Goals
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Ping Xiaodong , Lu Lijin , Ju Dianchun
Published: April 2023

The specific CO2 emissions per tonne of steel have been significantly reduced in Chinese steel industry. The effects of Chinese steel industry on the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals were analyzed in this paper. A number of low-carbon solutions are proposed for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in order to achieve the development targets.
Study on Influencing Factors of Energy Consumption Building Characteristics of High-rise Hotel Standard Floor
Authors: Li Xiangning , Li Qingdong , Qiu Zining , Zhao Lihua , Chen Sisi
Published: April 2023

In order to help architects Reduce energy consumption in buildings more pertinently in the early stage of design, this paper takes high-rise hotels in Guangdong as a research subject, obtains the building characteristic factor data of 28 groups of hotel samples through investigation, successively models and simulates the energy consumption value in Energy Plus software, and then studies the energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of hotel buildings in Guangdong through the simulation results. Results show that the plane type has little effect on the energy consumption per unit area, and the standard floor area, the standard floor height and the four-way window wall ratio have a greater impact on the total energy consumption of the building. Except for the standard floor area, other building characteristics have a positive correlation with the total energy consumption per unit area.
Research on Monitoring, Early Warning and Prevention System of land Subsidence in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
Authors: Ning Di , Zhu Juyan , Guo Haipeng , Zang Xisheng , Wang Haigang
Published: April 2023

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, one of the most serious areas of ground subsidence in China, has entered the stage of high-speed development of synergistic integration, and the establishment of a unified and efficient, automatic and intelligent, mature and advanced monitoring and warning prevention system is inevitable. After reviewing a large amount of literature, we analyze and summarize that the ground subsidence in this region was formed earlier, and although the monitoring, early warning and prevention work is gradually promoted, there are still problems such as imperfect monitoring network, in depth early warning research and unsound joint prevention and control mechanism. Only with the integration of multi-source monitoring technology, increasingly refined early warning technology and multi-pronged prevention and control technology can the ground subsidence monitoring and early warning prevention and control system in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei make great progress and gradually advance towards intelligence, refinement and wisdom.
Research and Application on High Quality Power Supply Technology of New Distribution System
Authors: Wang Shuanghu , Yin Hongxu , Wu Jiangpeng , Pan Hanguang , Liang Shun
Published: April 2023

Under the dual-carbon target, the intermittent grid-connection of high-permeability distributed power generation and random charging of large-scale electric vehicles increase the volatility and randomness of the distribution network. Meanwhile, the coupling correlation between the power network, information network and social network will be significantly enhanced. In view of the highly uncertain operation of the new distribution system, under the existing distribution network operation control and operation and maintenance management system, This paper puts forward the realization mode of high quality power supply for the new distribution system from three aspects: the adaptability of the grid, the overall perception ability and the improvement of the operation control ability.
Research on the Form of Energy-saving Building under the Influence of Natural Ventilation Technology
Authors: Du Yan , Zhu Zhongcui
Published: April 2023

With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, humanity is confronting a huge energy crisis. The energy consumption of buildings and the energy consumed to produce that energy have greatly changed the environment in which we live, causing serious energy and environmental consequences. Taking the natural ventilation design method as the main line and the excellent energy-saving building cases as the breakthrough point, this paper focuses on the three dimensions of building groups, building units and building components, and compares and studies the effects of various natural ventilation technologies, the shape of the building. These buildings have strong climate adaptability and climate regulation ability, which can effectively improve and create comfortable indoor microclimates, so that the buildings do not need or reduce the dependence on building equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing building energy consumption.
Modal Identification on Walking Leg Using EKF Method
Authors: Gao Zhen , Gao Yanan , Zhu Qianying , Chen Lelu , Zhu Zhenyu
Published: April 2023

The identification on the mechanical characteristic of walking leg has faced challenge due to the inconvenience installation on sensor with leg and expensive cost. This paper proposes a convenience method on identifying the leg parameters including its stiffness and damping ratio under walking state by Extend Kalman Filter (EKF) method, which only need to deal with the measured ground reaction force. Firstly, a mechanical oscillate system is used to describe the walking leg, and its corresponding dynamic governing equation is established. Then, a state-space equation is applied the governing equation and it is further inserted on the EKF method so as to set up a system update equation and measurement update equation. In addition, a solving algorithm is designed to acquire the instantaneous stiffness and damping ratio of the walking leg. Finally, a sample comprised of 760 curves of walking ground reaction force from 36 participants is employed to the identification method and the practice results demonstrate that it can efficiently discern the stiffness and damping ratio of walking leg. This study provides a novel perspective for seeking the dynamic parameters of walking leg and efficiently reduces experimental expenditure than those direct measurement of sensors installed on the surface of leg.