bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pyrolysis and acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass as a tool for monosaccharide obtaining
Authors:   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Godina Daniela , Pomilovskis Ralf ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Iljina Nadezda ,   University of Latvia, Meile Kristine ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Zhurinsh Aivars ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry
Published: November 2020

Due to the ever increasing demand for energy resources, more and more attention is being paid to renewable energy resources. One such potential resource is lignocellulosic biomass that can be treated to acquire a carbohydrate rich substrate for further use in producing biofuels such as bioethanol or biobutanol. In this study, birch (Betula pendula) chips were used in fast pyrolysis to acquire bio-oil. This bio-oil was further hydrolyzed in pressurized reactor Parr 4554 to produce a carbohydrate rich feedstock. Hydrolysis conditions were optimized. Several conditions - three different temperatures (111, 121, 131 °C) and four different sulfuric acid concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 M) were tested. The optimal conditions were 121 °C with 0.2 M sulfuric acid as a catalyst that allowed to acquire a solution with the total glucose concentration being 6.6% that can be further used as a feedstock for biofuel acquiring.
Introduction: Nordic Research in Music Education Volume 1
Authors: Johansen Guro Gravem , Houmann Anna , Treacy Danielle
Published: November 2020

Volume 20 of the Nordic Research in Music Education Yearbook marks the yearbook’s transition from printed physical book to open access publishing under the name Nordic Research in Music Education (NRME), as part of a newly established collaboration between the Norwegian Academy of Music and the Norwegian publishing house Cappelen Damm Akademisk. As editors, we endorse this development towards improved visibility, a better profile, and the widening of access to research in music education to the public.
Wheat Breeding for Disease Resistance: Review
Authors: A Gadisa
Published: November 2020

Breeding for disease resistance is a central focus of plant breeding programs, as any successful variety must have the complete package of high yield, disease resistance, agronomic performance, and end - use quality. Wheat breeding is focused on high yield, pathogen resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. Among diseases of wheat yellow rust, stem rust, and leaf rust are the most damaging diseases of wheat and other small grain cereals . Disease resistance in wheat breeding with one exception, the diseases of wheat that is important because of their effect on yield. Resistance to all diseases together can is important to avoid an unexpected loss in effectiveness of the resistance of a cu ltivar to a major disease. The genetic resistance to stem rust, leaf rust and yellow rust can be characterized as qualitative and quantitative resistances. Vertical resistance is specific to pathogen isolates based on single or very few genes. Race - specifi c is used to describe resistance that interacts differentially with pathogen races. Quantitative resistance is defined as resistance that varies in continuous way between the various phenotypes of the host population, from almost imperceptible to quite str ong. With the need to accelerate the development of improved varieties, genomics - assisted breeding is becoming an important tool in breeding programs. With marker - assisted selection, there has been success in breeding for disease resistance. Generally, bre eding programs have successfully implemented molecular markers to assist in the development of cultivars with stem, leaf and stripe rust resistance genes. When new rust resistance genes are to be deployed in wheat breeding programs, it unfortunately takes several years before the new sources of resistance will become available in commercial wheat cultivars. This is due to the long process involved in the establishment of pure breeding wheat lines. Biotechnology based techniques are available to accelerate t he breeding process via doubled haploid production.
Bdellovibrio sp: An Important Bacterial Predator in Lake Geneva?
Authors: S Jacquet
Published: November 2020

We describe a new Bdellovibrio and like organism (BALO) isolated from Lake Geneva. The bacterial predator is a new member of the genus Bdellovibrio (Bdellovibrionaceae) , enable to reproduce mainly on Pseudomonas spp preys. To achieve this goal, we used a variety of preys so that we also tested in parallel the host range of other well-known and characterized strains of Bdellovibrio such as B . exovorus JSS. Among original results, we observed that these BALOs could also grow on a fish pathogen, i.e. Aeromonas salmonicida salmonicida which is responsible for salmonid furunculosis, providing thus a new potential therapeutic agent against this bacterial infection in freshwater fish farming. This work sheds light on a functional group of bacteria still largely unknown.
Ethanol Production from Low Grade Apples by Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: M Saeed
Published: November 2020

The present research work is important in scenario of energy crises. The aim of this study was to utilize the low grade apples for the production of ethanol which in turn could be used for various purposes. From this study, it is clear that the maximum production of ethanol could be obtained from the apple. In this research maximum ethanol was obtained from low evaluations apples gathered from nearby markets around Lahore. S. cervicieae strain was used for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apples into ethanol. Various parameters were optimized to get the maximum ethanol production which can be enhanced by further studies and could be beneficial candidate for various applications.
Biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon by Molecularly Identified Bacteria Isolated From an Oilfield Wastewater in Nigeria
Authors: N Oyibo
Published: November 2020

Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon is a complex process that depends on the nature and on the amount of the hydrocarbon present. Many microbial organisms have been shown to possess the capacity to biodegrade various components of hydrocarbon. Hence this study was aimed at assessing the potential of bacterial species isolated from oilfield wastewater to biodegrade total petroleum hydrocarbon in crude oil. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil production platform. Standard procedures were observed during collection and microbiological analysis of wastewater samples. Bacteria isolated were identified using conventional and molecular methods. The biodegradation set up was done using six conical flasks containing basal medium of mineral salt broth and crude oil as the source of energy for growth. Bacteria isolated were identified as Acinetobacter species, Enterobacter hormaechei, Myroides odaratimimus and Lysinibacillus species. Flasks of experimental set ups were inoculated with 1ml of individual isolate and mixed culture except the control. The biodegradation of TPH were periodically monitored for 35 days using Gas Chromatography (GC). Total viable counts (CFU/ML) obtained during the experiment ranged from 0-1.8×105, 1.65×105 - 3.2×106, 1.90×106 -1.28×107, 1.52×106 – 8.9×106, 1.13×106 – 1.48×107, 3.4×106 – 2.19×107 in control, Acinetobacter species, Enterobacter hormaechei, Myroides odaratimimus, Lysinibacillus species and the mixed culture treatment options respectively. The initial concentration of TPH at day 1 was 3241.47mg/l. At the end of the experiment (day 35), control, Acinetobacter species, Enterobacter hormaechei, Myroides odaratimimus, Lysinibacillus speccies and the mixed culture treatment options recorded final concentration of 2823.33, 363.72, 383.44, 284.55, 472.70 and 212.21mg/l respectively. Highest percentage removal of 93.5% was observed in the mixed culture while the least of 12.9% was observed in the control; individual species showed significant reduction in TPH with different capability. Results showed that bacteria isolated from oilfield wastewater have the ability to degrade total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and can be used in the clean-up of crude oil contaminated area.
Implementation of Problem- Based Learning Model Assisted by E-Modules on Students' Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Rahmat M Rahmat , Arip Asep Ginanjar , Nur Sofyan H.
Published: November 2020

Education is a significant factor to shape human beings as a whole. The ability to think for humans plays an important role to develop information. The issue of lack of ability to think critically in Sahida Lemah Abang Vocational High School needed to be addressed. One learning model that can be utilized to guide students to think critically is Problem Based Learning (PBL) using an e-module as the resource of learning material. The study aims to examine the implementation of Problem Based Learning model using e-module and its influence on students' critical thinking ability.  This study used a quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group design as its research design. In using the research design, two observations have been conducted; one was before the experiment called Pre-Test (O1) and one after the experiment of this study called the post-test (O2). There are two samples in this study; one is the experimental group and the other is the control group. The study was done in Sahida Lemah Abang Vocational High School. The data was gathered by using tests and observation sheets of the learning process. The result in this study shows averagely that the implementation in each of the learning stages has gained 95.7% which is in the category of very good value. The most significant difference is from the fifth indicator "developing strategy and tactic", n gain of experimental class and control class is 5.83 and 0.23 respectively. As the result of the hypothesis test is Sig. 0.035 which means that there is a significant difference in students' ability to think critically between the students in the experimental class and the control class, the students in the experimental class think more critically than the students in the control class.
Engaging Students’ Information Literacy Ability On The 1945 Constitution Toward Android (Gejog Lesung) Based E-Learning Media
Authors: Rukmana Isna Sari , Marzuki Marzuki , Fenditasari Kharisma
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze students' information literacy ability enhancement using android (gejog lesung) based e-learning media on the 1945 constitution. The method used in this study was a quasi-experimental method. This research used 35 students as subjects. The test used in this study aims to collect data consisting of pretest and posttest information literacy questions with HOTs criteria for information literacy skills and consisting of ten multiple-choice questions according to high order thinking skills criteria then checked for the Content Validity Index. Data analysis is using a t-test. The result of this study is gejog lesung it is able to improve students’ information literacy ability on the 1945 constitution of 1,4 in the high category.  So, it can be concluded that engaging students’ ability of information literacy on the 1945 constitution toward android (gejog lesung) based e-learning media has a great influence on improving students’ information literacy ability.
O ENCONTRO DE PIAGET COM O TESTE DE INTELIGÊNCIA DE CYRIL BURT: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Ribeiro André Elias Morelli , Souza Leonardo Lemos de
Published: November 2020

de Cyril Burt na criação do método clínico de Jean Piaget, auxiliando na composição de conhecimentos deste assunto pouco estudado. Piaget estudou em Neuchâtel, Zurique e Paris antes de integrar o Instituto Jean-Jacques Rousseau em Genebra, no qual lançou seus primeiros livros, que o levaram a lugar de destaque na psicologia mundial. O presente trabalho faz uma comparação entre os dados disponíveis na literatura para recompor essa trajetória até o ponto decisivo de mudança no trabalho experimental de Piaget, que aconteceu em Paris, onde estudou o teste de inteligência de Cyril Burt. Conhecer os elementos da criação do Método Clínico é importante para compreender os fundamentos ontológicos e epistemológicos dos dados gerados por ele e suas consequências teóricas. Do contato com esse teste, Piaget sofreu três impactos determinantes para sua vida e obra. A primeira está ligada à tradução do teste, que ressaltou questões sobre parte/todo na linguagem das crianças. O segundo é a possibilidade de Piaget de observar dezenas de amostras do raciocínio explicado das crianças por elas mesmas, o que permitiu o ingresso das técnicas de observação da zoologia em sua psicologia. Por fim, as possibilidades de modificação e adaptação do teste, sua primeira experiência original em psicologia experimental, técnica que carregaria sua vida toda na constituição de seu Método Clínico.
SETE AULAS DE VIGOTSKI
Authors: Cericato Itale Luciane
Published: November 2020

Resenha
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A DISCIPLINA DE HISTÓRIA DA PSICOLOGIA NO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Flores Fernanda Mongelli Honda , Rodrigues Bianca Stephani , Sales Alline Cavalheiro , Edges Flávio Henrique Nantes , Miranda Rodrigo Lopes , Castelo Branco Paulo Coelho
Published: November 2020

Este artigo objetivou analisar a organização do ensino da disciplina de História da Psicologia, baseando-nos em cursos de graduação em Psicologia, no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Inicialmente, inventariaram-se as instituições que possuem cursos de Psicologia, acessando os seus sites e aplicando questionários aos seus coordenadores. Em seguida, organizaram-se algumas características gerais dos cursos e das instituições anuentes. Posteriormente, discutiu-se como o ensino da História da Psicologia auxilia na formação de estudantes, introduzindo-os ao estudo da Psicologia e às suas contendas científicas e profissionais. Ele contribui, com críticas, ao que se empreende no presente, embora apresente dificuldades de proporcionar algo introdutório mesclado a reflexões avançadas em uma disciplina. Por fim, observou-se que ele pode ser alocado e articulado com outras disciplinas, fazendo interface com os domínios da Ontologia, Epistemologia, Lógica e Ética.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO PARA O TRÂNSITO
Authors: Sarto Adélia Suzana Barreiro Del , Gimeniz-Paschoal Sandra Regina
Published: November 2020

Os acidentes de trânsito permanecem causando elevada morbimortalidade, mas são previsíveis e preveníveis, como apontam as políticas públicas. A temática da educação para o trânsito é indicada para ser desenvolvida em todos os níveis de educação e é sugestiva para a prevenção destes acidentes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar estudos pósgraduados brasileiros relacionados à temática da educação para o trânsito. Foi realizada busca no portal da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Foram estabelecidos como critérios de inclusão: estudos pós-graduados relacionados à temática educação para o trânsito, realizados em ambientes de educação formal, com estudantes, que se referissem ao país e que estivessem disponíveis integralmente no ambiente virtual. Foram encontrados 32 estudos e selecionados para análise seis dissertações e três doutorados. Verificou-se que o ano de 2015 concentrou mais publicações (4), predominaram estudos ligados a Programas de Engenharia Urbana (4), a região sudeste se destacou em relação ao número trabalhos (5) e todo os trabalhos estiveram voltados à contribuição para a prevenção de acidentes no trânsito. Concluiu-se que houve pequeno número de estudos pós-graduados no país diante de temática tão importante para a sociedade, indicando a necessidade de novos trabalhos, principalmente com o acompanhamento de ações realizadas e avaliação de seus impactos.
PELA VOZ DO OUTRO: A CONSTRUÇÃO SOCIAL DA DEFICIÊNCIA NA ESCOLA
Authors: Wuo Andrea Soares , Leal Daniela
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar o processo de construção social da diferença na escola, em especial da deficiência – diferença estigmatizada, inferiorizada e historicamente marginalizada – e os modos como a pessoa com deficiência vivencia a realidade escolar. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada em uma escola de ensino médio do município de Blumenau, utilizando-se, como técnica de produção dos dados, a observação do cotidiano escolar, a análise documental e entrevistas com uma gestora, uma professora e uma estudante cega. Com base no modelo social da deficiência e considerando a importância da participação das pessoas com deficiência na construção do conhecimento sobre sua realidade, os resultados buscaram evidenciar a narrativa e as perspectivas da estudante sobre sua trajetória escolar. Com isso, foi possível observar que os processos de inclusão/exclusão escolar dependem dos modos como os diferentes atores concebem e lidam com a deficiência que, por sua vez, constrói-se a partir das interações entre a estudante e os outros.
VOZES DE ESTUDANTES E DIFICULDADES EM MATEMÁTICA ESCOLAR: INCLUSÃO E PRÁTICA PSICOPEDAGÓGICA PRÁTICA PSICOPEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Fávero Maria Helena , Chiesa Aline de Amorim Pinto , Lopes Maria Juliana de Freitas Carvalho
Published: November 2020

Neste trabalho, o consenso em defesa da educação inclusiva é retomado, enfatizando: a relação entre a educação inclusiva, as práticas escolares e a pesquisa; o conceito de diversidade; a importância das vozes dos estudantes sobre os processos de inclusão/exclusão. Descreve-se um estudo focado nas vozes de dois pares de alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com idades entre 12 e 14 anos, sendo um par com diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral e um sem esse diagnóstico. Os estudantes participaram de entrevista focada em sua história escolar, nas concepções em relação à escola, bom aluno, competências e dificuldades escolares e a respeito de suas relações sociais. As transcrições foram analisadas, tendo a proposição como unidade de análise. Ficaram demonstradas, independentemente do diagnóstico, concepções negativas em relação ao próprio desempenho escolar em matemática e à dificuldade na compreensão do significado dos números, das operações e do sistema de numeração decimal. Os resultados são discutidos defendendo a prática psicopedagógica como procedimento para o desenvolvimento das competências conceituais.
AS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DA ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL PARA ESTUDANTES BENEFICIADOS E NÃO BENEFICIADOS
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Maria de , Negreiros Fauston , Araújo Ludgleydson Fernandes de , Belo Raquel Pereira
Published: November 2020

A Política Nacional de Assistência Estudantil- PNAES constitui-se em uma das políticas educacionais que têm contribuído para o desenvolvimento de diversas ações no cenário educacional brasileiro, visando à ampliação da permanência do aluno na Educação Superior. Nesta perspectiva, o presente estudo objetivou compreender as representações sociais da Assistência Estudantil para estudantes beneficiados e não beneficiados, em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. A coleta de dados foi feita com 100 participantes, utilizando-se a Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras – TALP, com a apresentação de uma palavra-estímulo, no caso, Assistência Estudantil, e em seguida o questionário sociodemográfico. A análise dos dados obtidos pela TALP foi feita a partir da rede semântica e as informações contidas nos questionários foram analisadas por meio do software SPSSWIN, versão 21, obtendo-se a caracterização do perfil sociodemográfico da amostra. Os resultados apontaram que os estudantes beneficiados e não beneficiados têm a representação social da Assistência Estudantil como uma ajuda e estando associada à renda, respectivamente. Essas compreensões apontam para o desconhecimento por parte de alguns alunos sobre um conjunto de ações que devem ser desenvolvidas por esta política pública para viabilizar a igualdade de oportunidades, de forma a contribuir para melhorar o desempenho acadêmico, atuando de maneira preventiva sobre as situações de retenção e evasão escolar pelos estudantes que apresentam vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. Portanto, deve-se pensar como as políticas educacionais estão afetando o ambiente universitário e qual o entendimento que se tem sobre estas, para que haja, de fato, sua efetivação, neste contexto.
Militarização e Escola sem Partido: repercussões no projeto político-pedagógico das escolas
Authors: Silva Edileuza Fernandes , Veiga Ilma Passos Alencastro , Fernandes Rosana César de Arruda
Published: November 2020

O artigo discute investidas de movimentos conservadores de militarização e Escola sem Partido com o objetivo de refletir acerca de suas repercussões nos projetos político-pedagógicos de escolas públicas. Compreende-se a escola como território em permanente disputa, responsável pela educação formal de crianças, adolescentes e jovens, que realiza um tipo de trabalho sob orientações políticas, ideológicas e econômicas que embasam os arranjos de poder em cada momento histórico. Esse trabalho é sistematizado nos projetos pedagógicos das escolas como expressão de suas finalidades, seu papel social, de definição de estratégias operacionais e ações a serem desenvolvidas coletivamente. No que concerne aos aspectos metodológicos e teóricos, contempla-se: análise de documentos oficiais do governo federal para apreender elementos da realidade situados historicamente e que expressam um projeto de poder assumido pelo grupo dominante no cenário político, e revisão bibliográfica de obras que versam sobre a temática. As discussões sinalizam que a militarização das escolas alinhadas aos ideários da Escola sem Partido repercutem: a) na definição de outra função social para a escola; b) na seleção e controle do saber considerado legítimo e aceitável pelos grupos conservadores; c) no alcance dos objetivos de ensino e aprendizagem previstos nos PPP da escola; d) na relação professor-aluno; e) na fragilização do trabalho colaborativo na escola; f) na autonomia da escola para elaborar, implementar e avaliar seu PPP. Assim, contrariamente à militarização, defende-se a escola, democrática, participativa e colaborativa, que organiza o trabalho pedagógico com respeito à diversidade de sujeitos, às suas experiências e aos valores.
НОВЫЕ ИНИЦИАТИВЫ РОССИИ ПО ПРИВЛЕЧЕНИЮ ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ В РАЗВИТИЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА
Authors: Чжон Мен , Трофименкова Елена
Published: November 2020

Российский Дальний Восток является регионом с высоким инвестиционным потенциалом для сотрудничества с Республикой Корея. От величины потенциала зависит конкурентоспособность региона. Определенно, чем выше эта величина, тем больше у региона предпосылок для эффективного экономического развития. В статье рассмотрены факторы, сдерживающие социально-экономическое развитие региона, и основные показатели, характеризующие инвестиционную привлекательность Дальнего Востока. Применение новой национальной программы «Социально-экономическое развитие Дальнего Востока на период до 2024 года и на перспективу до 2035 года» создаст на Дальнем Востоке глобально конкурентоспособные условия для зарубежных инвестиций и ведения бизнеса.
Two Suns? The State of Amazon? Bezonomics, market control and the algorithmic state.
Authors: Cleave Peter
Published: November 2020

Why do people vote? What do they need?

 The book Bezonomics by Brian Dumaine has got me back to thinking about such questions. People might vote for better quality of life and Amazon, the company founded by Bezos might now be supplying this according to what people like. Amazon offers options to prefer across their lives.
Model of digital transformation of a modern enterprise
Authors: Babich O. V. , Sidorova A. A.
Published: November 2020

The subject of the research is the problems of digital transformation of theactivities of modern enterprises. The article presents a general model of the phasedimplementation of digitalization of a modern enterprise, it is concluded that it is necessary toadapt the presented model to the conditions of functioning of various companies.
Analysis of institutions for support of high–tech projects in the framework of the implementation of the Strategy for Innovative development of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kamchatova E. Yu. , Broslavskaya K. V.
Published: November 2020

This article raises the problem of diffusion of high–tech projects and the provision of measures to support them. The study presents an analysis of Russian funds for supporting innovative business development, identifies the main support measures and criteria on the basis of which high–tech breakthrough companies are included in the scope of their projects. As a result, for small and medium–sized companies, proposals were formulated for targeted appeal to existing support funds.
A choice of realization strategy of the new project based on variables of possible technical, economic and organizational solutions
Authors: Krivolutsky Yu. V.
Published: November 2020

Development of feasible and effective management decisions as a task of optimal choice of some system parameters and their following realization influences significantly the main goals of the companies and defines its success in a competition. The article contains the statement of theoretical material and practical examples of the development of management decisions, models and methods are exploited in a multicriterial environment.
Financing national priority projects: interim results and implementation prospects
Authors: Valishvili M. A.
Published: November 2020

The areas of federal budget spending have always been in the focus of both experts and civil society. Based on the indicators of budget allocations in one direction or another, it is possible to judge about the priorities of state policy in the medium term. Beginning in 2019, priority national development goals were defined in the Russian Federation and relevant projects were developed as part of their implementation. This article considers the main indicators of financing national projects in 2020 and the planning period up to 2023, as well as indicators of their implementation. In addition, the impact of the COVID– 19 coronavirus pandemic on the future prospects for the implementation of priority national projects was discussed.
Biofilia e sustentabilidade no planejamento urbano: interfaces conceituais e parâmetros de análise | Biophilia and sustainability in urban planning: conceptual interfaces and parameters of analysis
Authors: Moraes Dulce Ferreira de , Souza Carlos Leite de , Ferreira Maurício Lamano
Published: November 2020

A maneira como as sociedades humanas se relacionam com a natureza ganha relevância diante do desafio global de crescimento populacional nas áreas urbanas e os efeitos da mudança climática. Nesse contexto, mostra-se oportuno relacionar os conceitos de biofilia e design biofílico à questão da sustentabilidade. O objetivo do artigo é trazer apontamentos e verificar indicativos de sustentabilidade relacionados à biofilia. Com metodologia de revisão bibliográfica não sistematizada sobre a temática biofilia e sustentabilidade urbana, discute-se neste artigo interfaces conceituais do planejamento urbano ecológico, cidades sustentáveis e cidades biofílicas. Entende-se que a adoção da visão biofílica no planejamento das cidades, que permeia projetos, técnicas urbanas, políticas públicas e iniciativas de preservação e educação ambiental, pode contribuir para a sustentabilidade e resiliência das cidades e colaborar com o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável proposto pela Organização das Nações Unidas.
2020 ESC Digital Experience congress – what is new?
Authors: Narkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: November 2020

The 2020 ESC Digital Experience congress gathered 125 thousand participants from 211 countries. Four new guidelines were released including diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation, management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation, sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease, and management of adult congenital heart disease. Several landmark clinical trials were presented including studies assessing: the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors (DAPA-CKD and EMPEROR-Reduced trials), potential benefits of colchicine (LoDoCo2 trial) and safety of drugs blocking renin–angiotensin in COVID-19 patients (BRACE CORONA trial). New meta-analyses confirmed benefits of antihypertensive treatment and cancer-related safety of cardiovascular drugs. This short review summarizes the most important results presented during the congress and discusses their clinical implications.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor – why it is worth to use filgrastim?
Authors: Ścirka Natalia , Kubiatowski Tomasz
Published: November 2020

Neutropenia fever is one of the most common side effect of chemotherapy and might lead to severe complications and death. The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors in primary and secondary prevention of neutropenia fever leads to reduction in hospitalization time and significantly affects the decrease in treatment-related mortality. Factors stimulating granulocyte colonies prevent the need to reduce the dose of the cytostatics and to extend the intervals between the treatment cycles, which increases the effectiveness of therapy.
Arterial hypertension – how to choose therapy rationally?
Authors: Łukasiewicz Maria , Mamcarz Artur
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, the choice of pharmacotherapy depends not only on the main underlying disease, but also on comorbidities. Thus, patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes are treated differently, as well as those with accompanying cardiac arrhythmias or with kidney diseases. However, does antihypertensive therapy differ from patient to patient if he or she has hypertension “only”? Because of the multitude of therapeutic regimens and numerous representatives of the recommended groups of drugs, it seems most reasonable to select the therapy based not only on comorbidity, but also on the patient’s lifestyle, reported adverse drug reactions, the assumed therapeutic goal or metabolic profile. This was the case with the patient described in the article.
Key facts on moderate to severe acute pain combined treatment with tramadol and dexketoprofen at fixed doses
Authors: Woroń Jarosław
Published: November 2020

The development of pain is associated with numerous physiological mechanisms. Improper acute pain treatment significantly reduces the quality of life and leads to a number of physiological changes that adversely affect the general condition of the patient. In many cases, inadequate analgesic therapy results in the transition from acute to chronic pain. For this reason, it is extremely important to use drugs that synergistically affect various pain mechanisms. Combined preparations, including the combination of tramadol and dexketoprofen, are very effective. This combination has many advantages, including proven efficacy and tolerability, ensures better treatment adherence and is easy to administer.
Six facts about amlodipine
Authors: Szymański Filip M.
Published: November 2020

Amlodipine is one of the longest-used and best-tested antihypertensive drugs. It is widely used both as monotherapy, as well as a basis for drug combinations in single-pill combinations. Despite the long clinical experience with amlodipine, new research shows additional benefits of the drug in a variety of patients including patients with chronic diseases, elderly patients, with kidney disease, pregnant women or those exposed to COVID-19 infection. This paper summarizes the news on the use of amlodipine available at the beginning of 2020.
Desloratadine and levocetirizine – the importance in allergic diseases treatment
Authors: Pawliczak Rafał
Published: November 2020

H1-receptor blockers (including levocetirizine and desloratadine) are employed in treatment of multiple allergic diseases. In this review we deliver data regarding efficacy and safety these two drugs. Moreover, we are comparing their properties. The individualization therapy is a mainstay in allergic disorders treatment.
NATIONAL CORRUPTION, NATIONAL PERSONALITY AND NATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: Connelly Brian , Ones Deniz
Published: November 2020

Even though corruption continues to mar economic progression, worker enthusiasm, and societies' moral constitution, most studies of corruption have been confined to the fields of economics and political science. However, psychological variables, such as personality and cultural values, are likely to be relevant to studying corruption. In the present study of 62 countries, we examined how national averages on the Big Three personality traits, a measure of social desirability, and Hofstede's cultural dimensions relate to perceptions of a nation's level of corruption. The Big Three personality traits showed modest relationships with corruption. However, national averages on a social desirability measure were strongly and positivel correlated with corruption, suggesting that national dishonesty in responding to personality items is related to national dishonesty in corruption. In addition, the discrete, combined, and unique effects of personality and culture on corruption were compared. The findings suggest that both cultural values and personality have relevance for understanding corruption. As globalization continues to promote the exchange of cultural values and the assimilation of both individuals and organizations into new cultures, these findings highlight the need for I/O psychologists to be attentive to both culture and personality in designing human resource systems.
The Effect of Organizational Trust in Municipalities and Municipal Companies on Organizational Commitment
Authors: TUYSUZ Murat , DOĞAN Mahmut , TUYSUZ Mustafa
Published: November 2020

Organizational trust and commitment are still getting a lot of attention because in order to keep up with the experienced changes and transformations, organizations today have to retain qualified employees to continue their operations effectively. This issue is important for the municipalities and the municipal companies considering that municipal companies own high amount of the municipal budget and numbers of personnel especially in the metropolitan municipalities. Trusting an organization provides positive thoughts, feelings and behaviors for the employees while distrusting creates negative thoughts, feelings and behaviors so that their commitment levels might have been affected badly. For the employees, knowing that they are in an environment of trust with their colleagues, managers and organizations will enable them to internalize the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the organization and increase their commitment to the organization. However, in the opposite case, organizations may be faced with consequences such as leaving the organization and absenteeism that reduce productivity. Organizations that provide organizational trust will not only get the maximum return from the knowledge and skills of their employees, but will also be more advantageous in creating organizational commitment (Demirel, 2008: 180). In this study, firstly, the dimensions of organizational trust, secondly, commitment and then the results of the research were discussed.
Türkiye’de Kamu Personel Rejiminin Sistemsel Sorunları
Authors: ŞEN Mustafa Lütfi
Published: November 2020

Türk kamu personel rejiminin yıllardan beri süregelen ve giderek kronik bir hal alan ve kemikleşen bir çok sorunu bulunmaktadır. Kamu personel rejiminin temelini oluşturan Devlet Memurları Kanunu’nda zaman içerisinde yapılan çelişkili düzenlemeler sonucunda, kanunun özgün biçimini yitirdiği ve karmaşık ve içinden çıkılmaz bir görünüm aldığı ifade edilmektedir. Kanunda yapılan değişiklikler, temel bir anlayış ve kavramsal bir değerlendirmeden yoksun olarak, bütüncül bir perspektif yerine, çoğu zaman güncel dürtülerle yapılmıştır. Bu bakış açısıyla kamu personel rejiminin kronikleşen sorunlarını çözmek mümkün görünmemektedir. Bu çalışmada sorunların büyük bir kısmının sistemsel olduğu göz önüne alınarak, sözü edilen sorunlara Devlet Memurları Kanunu’nun ve dolayısıyla kamu personel rejiminin de temel ilkeleri olan kariyer ve liyakat ilkeleri açısından yaklaşılması amaçlanmaktadır.
DIVERSIFICAÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA: CONCEITOS E ESTATÍSTICAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Piedra-Bonilla Elena Beatriz , Braga Cicero , Braga Marcelo José
Published: November 2020

Uma forma de reduzir incertezas da produção e obter economia de escopo é por meio do emprego da diversificação de atividades, que pode ser entendida por diferentes conceitos e abordagens. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar arcabouço teórico e empírico da diversificação agropecuária no Brasil, utilizando abordagens socioeconômica e agronômica. Além disso, apresenta-se as possíveis formas de diversificação agropecuária, ressaltando sua importância ambiental e econômica. Para isso, apresenta-se a evolução da produção agropecuária municipal a partir de dois índices: Shannon e Simpson, no período1987-2017. Os resultados revelam tendência à especialização de culturas, especialmente na região Centro-Oeste. No entanto, a produção agropecuária municipal ainda se encontra na categoria “diversificada” nesse período. Os estabelecimentos acima de 1000 hectares têm uma relação negativa com a diversificação agropecuária, contrária aos estabelecimentos entre 0 a 50 hectares da região Sul e Centro-Oeste.
Structure of the Russian institute of mediation: present, past, and future
Authors: Vecherina Olga , Putalova Irina Borisovna
Published: November 2020

This article is dedicated to examination of the traditional structure of the Russian institute of mediation and its possible transformations in light of the provisions of the new draft law “On Settlement of the Disputes Trough Mediation in the Russian Federation". Based on the principle of historicism and systemic analysis, the authors consider the established structure of the Institute, and highlight the three stages in development: latent, euphoria and stagnation. It is assumed that such peculiarities of development are substantiated by its implementation “from the top”. The current state of the institute of mediation, despite the fact that it remains at the “initial” level of development, can be characterizes as a years-long stagnation. Therefore, the draft of the new Federal Law on Mediation, developed by the Ministry of Justice, which in case of enactment significantly changes the structure and functional concept of mediation, became the subject of intense discussion within the professional community, since the intended radical reform is planned to be implemented “from the top”, without consideration of the opinion of professional community and interested stakeholders. Having analyzed separate elements of the institute of mediation and changes therein, the authors came to the following conclusions. One of the three key reasons for the established situation in the area of mediation is the low level of professional qualifications of mediators; incompetence of mediators impedes conducting mass mediation and further development of the institute of mediation. The second reason consists in incompetence and disunity of the professional community of mediators, absence of an authoritative body nationwide. The third reason lies in discrepancy of the development of two vectors of mediation — traditional and academic as a special trend in reconstructive approach. The presented analysis allows reassessing the current state and potential of the Russian Institute of mediation, as well as forecasting further ways of its development.
Experiment with the images containing a recurring character: bilingual narrative analysis
Authors: Boykova Stella Ervandovna
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the French-language and Russian-language discourse of bilingual children of different types. The goal consists in examination of specificity of correlation between the name and image in a bilingual discourse, as well as in description of the action depicted on the image. The respondents for this research became the natural bilinguals from mixed Russian-French or Russian families in France. The authorial corpus of Russian-French speech of bilingual children served as the material for this study. The corpus consists of the stories based on stimulus material. The research was conducted individually with each respondent in Russian and French separately. The respondents could select the initial language for conversation (Russian or French). The scientific novelty of this work is defined by the fact that the tradition of studying narrative was applied in the context of analysis of the bilingual French-Russian speech. The author examined the Russian-language and French-language names of characters and objects in different groups, and drew parallels between them. The results demonstrate that the name of a character within the framework of a single language could vary from image to image. At the same time, variability of names of the main character is greater in the Russian-language block. The most frequent name version for the main character in the Russian-language block was the cat, while in the French-language block it was “chat” with the definite or indefinite article. It is notable that initially some respondents had other options (cat, squirrel), but in the process of the experiment, they also changed the name of the character to corresponding to the author's concept of the name of cat. Due to the fact that the respondents were asked to adhere to the selected language, there was very few instances of code switching. However, their presence indicates that the respondents are lacking lexical tools in their weaker language.
Debunking Religious and Cultural Misconceptions of Organ Donation and Transplantation
Authors: Muwanga Tracy Sheila , Nienaber Annelize , Carstens Pieter
Published: November 2020

Organ transplantation is a life-saving procedure that is arguably the most viable treatment option for individuals who are faced with end-stage organ failure. Owing to a shortage of organs for transplantation, however, patients suffering from chronic organ failure often succumb to their illness while on a waiting list. Research has shown that the underlying reason for a lack of motivation to donate stems from inter alia religious and cultural views and practices that are believed to go against organ donation and/or transplantation. This article offers an analysis of specific religious and cultural beliefs which are native to South Africa and discusses the convictions that are both for and against donation. The article further explores the possibility of gaining clarity with regard to these misapprehensions and suggests possible solutions to bringing awareness to the public through the use of a modified version of the Traditional Health Practitioners Act 22 of 2007, as a suggestion. It also advocates education for medical personnel about the different religious and cultural traditions and rituals which accompany death, leading to an atmosphere of respect for the deceased and the deceased’s loved-ones.
The Application of Section 197 of the Labour Relations Act to Second-generation Outsourcing
Authors: Khumalo Bongani
Published: November 2020

Section 197 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 provides that where an employer transfers the whole or part of a business, trade, undertaking or service to another employer as a going concern, the contract of employment and other obligations are transferred to the new employer. This means that the new employer is substituted for the old employer. In the light of pertinent case law in this regard, it is generally accepted that section 197 also applies to first-generation outsourcing of work. In this case, the employees performing the work or service being outsourced are absorbed by the contracted party, now the new employer. However, uncertainty still prevails as to whether the application of this provision may be extended to a secondary contractor who takes over the outsourced work after the expiry or termination of the first contactor’s contract. The question persists whether or not a section 197 transfer occurs when a new contractor is appointed (second-generation outsourcing). If it does apply, how is the longevity of such an application to be determined? With the aid of case law, this article seeks to investigate these questions and the potential imbalance created by the way in which the courts have interpreted the application of this section.
Twenty Years of the Remedy of Reinstatement in the Law of Unfair Dismissal in South Africa: Some Preliminary, Jurisprudential and Sundry Issues
Authors: Okpaluba Chuks , Budeli-Nemakonde Mpfariseni
Published: November 2020

Reinstatement as a remedy for unfair dismissal was known to and applied by the Industrial Court of the bygone labour relations regime of 1956. It was, however, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) that entrenched this remedy in the modern South African labour relations system designed essentially to do justice between the employer and the employee and, fundamentally, to achieve industrial justice. After two decades of the operation of the adjudicative institutions established by the 1995 Act, it is time to evaluate the ways in which the labour arbitrators, the Labour Courts and the Labour Appeal Court, have interpreted and applied the provisions of the LRA relating to reinstatement. This evaluation exercise also extends to the immense contributions of the Supreme Court of Appeal and the Constitutional Court to the jurisprudence surrounding reinstatement as an unfair dismissal remedy in contemporary South African labour law. This article starts by defining reinstatement, distinguishing the remedy of re-employment and, further, the Constitutional Court’s judicial activist innovation to the labour relations lexicon—‘instatement’. Then it settles down to tackle issues that are preliminary and jurisprudential in nature—issues that were probably not contemplated by the enabling legislation, but which have arisen in adjudication. These include resignation and its effect on reinstatement, automatic reinstatement in the form of a declaration, and whether a court is able to order either ‘interim reinstatement’ or ‘semi-urgent interim relief’.  The latter part of this article examines those non-statutory obstacles to accessing the remedy of reinstatement. These include the employer’s non-compliance with the order of reinstatement, as was the issue in the protracted litigation concerning Myers v National Commissioner of the SAPS ((2013) 34 ILJ 1729 (SCA); Myers v National Commissioner of the SAPS [2014] 5 BLLR 461 (LC); Myers v National Commissioner of the SAPS [2015] ZALCCT 68); whether the Prescription Act applies to claims for reinstatement; and such sundry issues as whether arrear wages could be recovered as a judgment debt. Finally, we consider whether an employee nearing the retirement age who is unfairly dismissed is entitled to reinstatement.
Foreigners' Rights to Work and Fair Labour Practices in South Africa: A Review of the South African Labour Legislation and Jurisprudence
Authors: Mangu Andre
Published: November 2020

After several decades of apartheid rule, which denied human rights to the majority of the population on the ground of race and came to be regarded as a crime against humanity, South Africa adopted its first democratic Constitution in the early 1990s. The 1996 Constitution, which succeeded the 1993 interim Constitution, is considered one of the most progressive in the world. In its founding provisions, it states that South Africa is a democratic state founded on human dignity, the achievement of equality, the advancement of human rights and freedoms. The Constitution enshrines fundamental human rights in a justiciable Bill of Rights as a cornerstone of democracy. Unfortunately, in the eyes of a number of politicians, officials and lay-persons, the rights in the Bill of Rights accrue to South African citizens only. Xenophobia, which has been rampant since the end of apartheid, seems to support the idea that foreigners should not enjoy these rights. Foreign nationals have often been accused of posing a threat to South African citizens with regard to employment opportunities. In light of the South African legislation and jurisprudence, this article affirms the position of the South African labour law that foreign nationals are indeed protected by the Constitution and entitled to rights in the Bill of Rights, including the rights to work and fair labour practices.