bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Review on Novel Polymer Biomaterials for Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery System
Authors: Garg Sakshi , Verma Suryakant , Khandelwal Vishal , Singh Atul Pratap , Singh Pranjal Kumar , Singh Smita
Published: March 2024

Hydrogel biomaterials, which are formed from polymers generated from
either natural or synthetic sources, are characterized by their mechanical stability as
well as their biological acceptability. Hydrogels are characterized by properties such
as a high swelling index, biocompatibility, the ability to be easily manipulated, flexibility,
and rapid degradation. Hydrogels are commonly used as drug carriers due to
the fact that they are simple to produce and may be applied by themselves. Using hydrogels
in drug delivery applications, where gel-based nanocarriers carry drug molecules
to the area of interest in living tissues. The research community is interested in
doing this because of the unique physical and chemical properties that hydrogels possess.
It has been discussed that several new hydrogel-based solutions are being employed
for the administration of drugs that are not taken orally. Hydrogel systems can
be developed for use in either passive or active drug administration, making them
suitable for a broad variety of settings and applications. In addition to possessing essential
biocompatible properties, hydrogels are able to move freely within the human
body without having any visible impact on the surrounding environment. The present
review has been developed to examine novel concepts linked to hydrogels and their
delivery mechanism. This is due to the fact that hydrogels possess qualities that are
both unique and novel. In this article, the mechanics of drug delivery systems that are
based on hydrogels are detailed. These processes include loading, releasing, and targeting.
For these components, the development and investigation of cutting-edge hydrogel-
based delivery systems is necessary.
Risicostrafrecht en rechtsorde: Kent noodzaak geen recht?
Authors: Bijlsma Johannes
Published: March 2024

In zijn oratie Risicostrafrecht en rechtsorde – Kent noodzaak geen recht? vertelt Johannes Bijlsma over de sterke toename van strafrechtelijke sancties die de samenleving tegen recidive moeten beschermen. Voorkomen dat daders van strafbare feiten opnieuw de fout in gaan is een belangrijk doel van het strafrecht. Het wordt ook steeds belangrijker gevonden. Sinds de milleniumwisseling zijn namelijk veel nieuwe strafrechtelijke sancties ingevoerd die recidive moeten voorkomen en bestaande sancties zijn met het oog daarop sterk uitgebreid. Het gaat dan bijvoorbeeld om mogelijkheden om veroordeelden op te sluiten omdat ze recidivegevaarlijk zijn. Ook kunnen allerlei gedragsvoorschriften worden gesteld die recidive moeten voorkomen, zoals een verplichte psychologische behandeling of een verbod om drank of drugs te gebruiken. Vanwege deze nadruk op het beheersen van het risico op recidive, wordt dit wel ‘risicostrafrecht’ genoemd. Het risicostrafrecht is de afgelopen jaren ad hoc ontstaan en kent weinig duidelijke regels voor de toepassing van allerlei sancties die zeer diep ingrijpen in het leven van burgers. Het is bijvoorbeeld onduidelijk bij welk risico op recidive welke sanctie mag worden opgelegd en welk bewijs daarvoor nodig is. Daardoor is de kans groot dat het strafrecht op een willekeurige manier wordt ingezet. In zijn oratie betoogt Johannes Bijlsma dat het doel om recidivegevaar te bestrijden niet kan rechtvaardigen dat het risicostrafrecht zo weinig duidelijke regels kent als nu het geval is. Hij laat zien dat het wel degelijk mogelijk is om duidelijke regels te ontwikkelen en dat dat ook noodzakelijk is om het risicostrafrecht te integreren in de democratische rechtsstaat.”
Analysis of correlating factors: Social media addiction in Shanghai's Generation Z
Authors:   Faculty of Language Studies and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia, Yang Ming , Salman Ali ,   Faculty of Language Studies and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

In the current digital era, the way Generation Z interacts with social media, particularly in vibrant cities like Shanghai, is significant and varied. This study, influenced by Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), investigates the detailed motivations behind Generation Z's online behavior and examines how these motivations might relate to the risk of becoming addicted to social media. We carefully gathered data from 318 participants, mainly aged 22 to 28, from various socio-cultural backgrounds in Shanghai. Using SPSS for detailed analysis, we applied descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analyses to identify patterns and relationships. The initial results show that Generation Z in Shanghai is heavily involved in the digital world, and their social media use aligns with the principles of SCT, including observational learning, reciprocal determinism, and self-efficacy. This study adds to the growing body of research on digital behavior, emphasizing the importance of understanding the complex effects of social media on individual lives and society as a whole.
An investigative study of anxiety, depression and sleep quality in college students after the COVID-19 pandemic - the moderating effect of physical activity
Authors: Zhang Rong , Cheng Meichao , Zhao Lingqiang
Published: March 2024

To explore the current situation of anxiety, depression and sleep quality among college students after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the moderating effect of physical activity on negative emotions, and to provide a theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding interventions. An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out by convenience sampling method on 801 college students from China through the General Information Questionnaire (GIQ), Anxiety Self-Rating Scale (ASRS), Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PQIS), and Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS). Data were analysed using SPSS 25.0 software and Pearson correlation was used to explore the correlations between variables. The scores of anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and physical activity level of the 801 college students included in the study after the Covid-19 pandemic were 37.15, 40.93, 2.9, and 14.44, respectively; and the detection rates of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep disorders were 41.09%, 42.89%, and 30.82%, respectively. The detection rate of negative emotions was significantly higher in females than in males, and the senior group was significantly higher than the junior group in terms of depression and anxiety symptoms. The amount of physical activity of college students was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety (r=-0.691, P<0.001), depression (r=-0.767, P<0.001), and sleep quality (r=-0.814, P<0.001); anxiety was positively correlated with depression (r=0.622, P<0.001) and sleep quality (r=0.598, P<0.05); and positive correlation between depression and sleep quality (r=0.512, P<0.05). After the Covid-19 pandemic, college students showed different degrees of anxiety, depression and sleep disorders, the appropriate frequency of exercise can effectively improve the negative emotions of college students, and colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding the students and give them enough care and support to improve their mental health status.
ChatGPT’s Performance in Cardiac Arrest and Bradycardia Simulations Using the American Heart Association's Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Guidelines: Exploratory Study
Authors: Pham Cecilia , Govender Romi , Tehami Salik , Chavez Summer , Adepoju Omolola E , Liaw Winston
Published: March 2024

Background

ChatGPT is the most advanced large language model to date, with prior iterations having passed medical licensing examinations, providing clinical decision support, and improved diagnostics. Although limited, past studies of ChatGPT’s performance found that artificial intelligence could pass the American Heart Association’s advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) examinations with modifications. ChatGPT’s accuracy has not been studied in more complex clinical scenarios. As heart disease and cardiac arrest remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, finding technologies that help increase adherence to ACLS algorithms, which improves survival outcomes, is critical.

Objective

This study aims to examine the accuracy of ChatGPT in following ACLS guidelines for bradycardia and cardiac arrest.

Methods

We evaluated the accuracy of ChatGPT’s responses to 2 simulations based on the 2020 American Heart Association ACLS guidelines with 3 primary outcomes of interest: the mean individual step accuracy, the accuracy score per simulation attempt, and the accuracy score for each algorithm. For each simulation step, ChatGPT was scored for correctness (1 point) or incorrectness (0 points). Each simulation was conducted 20 times.

Results

ChatGPT’s median accuracy for each step was 85% (IQR 40%-100%) for cardiac arrest and 30% (IQR 13%-81%) for bradycardia. ChatGPT’s median accuracy over 20 simulation attempts for cardiac arrest was 69% (IQR 67%-74%) and for bradycardia was 42% (IQR 33%-50%). We found that ChatGPT’s outputs varied despite consistent input, the same actions were persistently missed, repetitive overemphasis hindered guidance, and erroneous medication information was presented.

Conclusions

This study highlights the need for consistent and reliable guidance to prevent potential medical errors and optimize the application of ChatGPT to enhance its reliability and effectiveness in clinical practice.
Value Conflict and Personal Choice in The Scarlet Letter from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism
Authors: Yang Xiaomei
Published: March 2024

Nathaniel Hawthorne was the preeminent American Romantic writer of the 19th century. The Scarlet Letter, as Hawthorne’s classic work, has been praised by most critics. Hawthorne paid attention to the ethical problems of Hester and Dimmesdale and gave a comprehensive depiction of their ethical choices after they had violated the Puritan ethical norms. This paper intends to use ethical literary criticism proposed by Professor Nie Zhenzhao, based on ethical dilemma and ethical choice, within the ethical backdrop of New England, to analyze ethical conflicts and ethical choices of the protagonists in the novel. Ultimately, it seeks to warn people the importance of complying with the ethical norms of the society. Exploring the ethical and moral values embedded in The Scarlet Letter will enhance the domestic study of Hawthorne’s works and better realize the didactic function of literature.
Нанесение алмазоподобных (DLC) покрытий на оптические детали
Authors: Хисамов А.Х. , Назаренко М.В. , Зайцев С.В.
Published: March 2024

Представлен обзор практического использования алмазоподобных покрытий на оптических деталях и проанализированы их преимущества, включая высокую твердость, химическую инертность и низкий коэффициент трения. Определены проблемы, связанные с адгезией и напряжениями, возникающие при использовании DLC-пленок для защиты многослойных ИК-покрытий и других материалов. Описаны возможные решения этих проблем и методы оптимизации качества и свой­ств DLC-покрытий. Для улучшения долговечности многослойных ИК-покрытий, а также для расширения области их применения разработаны эффективные методы повышения адгезии и снижения напряжений в DLC-пленках. Результаты могут быть использованы в различных промышленных отраслях.
The role and structure of pauses in Slovenian media speech
Authors:   Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Huber Damjan
Published: March 2024

This article explores pauses in terms of the roles they play in speech and their structural composition. They are perceived as the indispensable acoustic and/or semantic break in the flow of speech and are considered an important marker and organizer of speech. The study, based on a corpus of selected Slovenian talk shows (i.e. authentic and relatively spontaneous media speech), showed that 1) on average cognitive or communicative pauses (not physiological ones) predominate among the speakers analyzed, 2) speakers most often interrupt their speech to look for the right formulation and to plan syntactic structures and the segmentation of the flow of speech, 3) on average, empty or silent pauses, which primarily but not exclusively perform the role of breathing, are the most common among the speakers analyzed, and 4) with all the speakers analyzed, drawn-out schwas (uh sounds) occur most often among filled and "silent-filled" pauses.
Changes in the self‐reported frequency of use of the Fiuman dialect: Implications for language maintenance
Authors:   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Plešković Maša , Kraš Tihana ,   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Drljača Margić Branka ,   University of Rijeka, Department of Informatics
Published: March 2024

This paper reports the results of a study that investigates changes in the self-reported frequency of use of the Fiuman dialect, a regional minority Romance language spoken in the Croatian city of Rijeka and its surroundings, with respect to its hearing, speaking, reading, and writing both in the present and the past. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire containing closed and open-ended questions administered to 244 Fiuman speakers, between the ages of 14 and 89 years old. The results show a decrease in the spoken use of Fiuman today in comparison to the past, but also an increase in its written use, among younger speakers. The participants list numerous reasons for the decrease in spoken use, the main ones being related to a reduction in the number of Fiuman speakers and demographic changes in the city. The increase in written use relates primarily to communication on social networks, in text messaging and via e-mail, as well as to communication at work. The results point to the importance of modern technology and the new media for the maintenance of minority languages.
Determination of corrective optimals for Chinese university learners of English
Authors:   School of Foreign Languages, Institute of Social Technology Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand, Wen Fengwei , Lian Andrew‐Peter ,   School of Foreign Languages, Institute of Social Technology Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand, Sangarun Punyathon
Published: March 2024

In the expectation of investigating the nature of corrective optimals of the sounds of English for Chinese EFL learners, a small selection of problematic English vowel sounds (i.e. /ɪ/, /i:/, /e/, /æ/, /ʊ/ and /u:/) was explored. The present study investigated the corrective optimals for these sounds. To this end, an experiment was conducted. Thirty-seven first-year non-English major university EFL learners participated. Each student went through two diagnostic steps. First, each student’s preferred center frequency (fcenter) was determined for a particular vowel sound, beginning with exposure to the fcenter of the traditional native-speaker optimal. Second, a combination of frequency bands that together form corrective optimals for each of the six vowels was determined for each individual student. Rather than consisting of single continuous 1-octave bands, corrective optimals for Chinese university EFL learners were found to be discontinuous multiple frequency bands that are both narrower and finer. The corrective optimals for Chinese university EFL learners were identified as discontinuous multiple band structures containing a bandpass filter narrower than one octave and, in addition, a significant low frequency component. In the light of this finding, it seems valuable to reorient the concept of corrective optimal away from a single octave frequency band and toward discontinuous multiband structures containing a significant low frequency component. Further research over a great number of vowels and consonants for various languages is desirable to confirm and extend this finding.
Mogućnost primjene govora u računalnim igrama temeljenim na lokaciji
Authors:   Creative Department Ltd, Rijeka, Croatia, Paulin Goran , Ivašić-Kos Marina ,   University of Rijeka, Department of Informatics, Ipšić Ivo ,   University of Rijeka, Department of Informatics
Published: March 2024

Iako je govor u računalno sintetiziranom obliku postao dio računalnih igara već 1978. godine, njegova primjena, osobito u žanru računalnih igara temeljenih na lokaciji, slabo je istražena. U ovom radu predstavljen je pregled implementacije govora u računalnim igrama nastalim u razdoblju od 1978. do 2018. godine i dosadašnja iskustva njegove primjene. Fokus je stavljen na analizu mogućnosti korištenja govornih tehnologija u računalnim igrama temeljenim na lokaciji. Zaključak donosi odgovor na pitanje ima li smisla, s obzirom na specifičnosti žanra i aktualno stanje tehnologije, uvoditi govorne tehnologije u igre temeljene na lokaciji te koji su preduvjeti za to.
Retoričko‐stilistička analiza govora apostola Pavla pred kraljem Agripom
Authors:   Public High School Maruševec, Croatia, Garvanović-Porobija Đurđica
Published: March 2024

U radu se interdisciplinarnom retoričko-stilističkom analizom raščlanjuje govor apostola Pavla pred kraljem Agripom, zabilježen u 26. poglavlju biblijskog teksta Djela apostolska. Budući da je tekst na kraju govora obilježen stilskim figurama, ta se činjenica može shvatiti kao znak da je taj dio istodobno i zaključak, što je nova teza u odnosu na većinu radova o organizaciji govora u kojima se zaključak zbog upadica slušatelja osporava. Taj je govor narativan, stilski obilježen i apologičan, što je i temeljna odlika religijskog diskursa. No, budući da je taj diskurs autoreferencijalan i zatvoren, ostaje i pitanje koja mu je funkcija i komunikacijski ishod u odnosu na slušatelja koji je antipodski udaljen i pretežito svjetovan i političan. Stoga se posebno naglašava analiza učinka govora na adresata. Analizom se pokazuje da postoji interferentno područje – ono što je prema Maritainu "vremenito" – u kojemu religijski diskurs može biti pozitivno percipiran i od slušatelja kojima je svojstven politički diskurs.
Review on VEND IT!- A Smart Vending Machine
Authors: Mohile Srushti Santosh , Shivani Abdul Kabeer , Dhuri Jeenal , Singh Manya , Pannase Dhanashree
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Traditional vending machines, though reliable, have often lagged behind in terms of convenience, personalization, and sustainability. As society rely on digital connectivity and automation continues to grow, the need for a smarter, more responsive vending solution has become increasingly evident. In a world marked by constant technological innovation and evolving consumer preferences, the time has come to reimagine the traditional vending machine. "Vend It" is a visionary project that aims to reinvent the conventional vending machine, leveraging cutting-edge smart technology to create a seamless, efficient, and user-friendly vending experience. VEND IT! encompasses a comprehensive suite of innovations, ranging from intelligent inventory management to user-centric interface design, and remote monitoring and management capabilities.
AI-Based Holistic Model for Decision-Support System in Inventory Optimization using deep Learning
Authors: Choudhary Shailesh
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This study introduces an innovative artificial intelligence-driven comprehensive model designed for a decision-support system in inventory optimization. This model was developed using advanced deep learning techniques. The model aims to surpass the constraints of typical inventory management systems by effectively capturing temporal correlations and nuanced patterns in the data. This is achieved by integrating Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) architectures. To navigate modern supply chains effectively, the primary focus should be on offering real-time decision support. The approach aims to enhance the decision-making processes in inventory management. This brief introduction offers insight into a distinctive method aimed at addressing the challenges of modern supply networks. The strategy focuses on providing realtime decision support and optimization strategies to enhance inventory management efficiency. The model's effectiveness is demonstrated by thorough performance evaluations, showing higher accuracy, precision, and recall compared to existing logistic regression models. The suggested LSTM model achieves an accuracy of 0.99, precision of 0.96, recall of 0.94, and an F1 Score of 0.97, surpassing existing models with higher scores in all metrics. The GRU model, albeit somewhat less effective than the LSTM, shows great overall performance, especially in recall with a score of 0.97. This investigation compares the effectiveness of different models, focusing on the potential advancements made possible by LSTM and GRU architectures in improving decision-support systems for inventory optimization. The AI-Based Holistic Model provided is at the forefront of technology advancements, offering a comprehensive solution for making educated decisions and optimizing inventories sustainably in today's highly competitive corporate climate.
The Use of Some Important Integrals in Physics
Authors: Aljatlawi Efaf A. , Awin Ali M.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The evaluation process of the two integrals ∫ ࢘ ࢘ ∫ and ࢘ࢊ(࢘ࣅ−)࢖࢞ࢋ ࢘࢑ ࢙࢕ࢉ ࢓ Is ࢘ࢊ(࢘ࣅ−)࢖࢞ࢋ ࢘࢑࢔࢏࢙ ࢓ recapitulated , using elementary knowledge from complex variables subject. This is done in a general manner, thence some special cases are worked out in full. Once ,this is done we turn to the application of these important integrals in some physical problems. In this concern, positive energy bound states is a vital example. Keywords: Integral, Physics, Important , Bound State, Complex Variables.
Multiple Authentication Schemes for Sign-In Process
Authors: Khan Dr. Zeeshan I. , Gawai Shashank G. , Raibole Shashank R. , Pimpalshende Shruti A. , Zameer Sk Mudassir Sk
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In the ever-evolving landscape of digital applications, user authentication plays a vital role in ensuring data security and privacy. Traditional username-password authentication methods may not always suffice, leading to the need for "Alternate Sign-In Methods." This project aims to develop a robust and user-friendly authentication system using advanced Machine Learning (ML) techniques. The system's primary objective is to offer users multiple authentication options beyond the conventional methods, such as Image Authentication, Pattern-based Authentication, Username-Password Authentication, and Fingerprint-based Authentication. Content-based filtering and collaborative filtering approaches will be employed to ensure efficient and relevant authentication options for each user. The project focuses on enhancing user convenience, security, and overall experience in digital platforms by tailoring sign-in methods to individual preferences.
An Encourage Arrival of Single-Server Queuing System with Defeat Balking and Feedback Customers
Authors: S Sasikala , M Shyamala Devi B
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In this paper, we develop a finite capacity Single-server Markovian queuing system with encourage arrival, defeat balking and feedback customers. The steady state solution and the system characteristic are derived for this model and various probabilistic and performance measures of the system are derived.
HealthNet: IoT-based Healthcare Monitoring and Management System
Authors: Hasan Adnan , Badhautiya Akash , Pandey Ashutosh Kumar
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected devices that can collect, store, analyze and transmit data over the Internet. IoT has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry by enabling remote patient care, telemedicine, electronic medical records, medication management, imaging and monitoring. The Internet of Things can also improve patient safety, reduce healthcare costs, increase healthcare accessibility, and increase efficiency. However, IoT in healthcare still faces challenges such as security, privacy, wearability, and design. This article reviews the latest research on IoT in healthcare, focusing on the technology, applications, benefits, and challenges of IoT in healthcare
NFT’s With ICP Blockchain
Authors: Bhaskarwar Aniruddha , Mohammed Zubair , Pandita Diksha , Misal Atharva , Mali Prof. Nilesh
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Almost a century ago, the philosopher, cultural critic, and essayist Walter Benjamin grappled with the evolution of "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." Although art had experienced imperfect imitations and reproductions throughout history, advancements like photography and film in Benjamin's time drastically heightened the efficiency and fidelity of replication. This shift raised profound questions about the notions of "originality" and "authenticity," distancing reproduced works from the unique "aura" of their originals. Fast forward to our present digital age, where a few clicks or lines of code can effortlessly generate flawless replicas, improved duplicates, or even entirely fabricated "deep fakes." However, the advent of immutable blockchain ledgers, pioneered by Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other cryptocurrencies, and harnessed by non-fungible tokens (NFTs), is ushering in a new era of originality. Crucially, this new era encompasses provable originality and authenticity, paired with indisputable ownership and robust programming capabilities. Similar to how Bitcoin resolved the "double spending" predicament in our digital age, NFTs are now initiating a transformative shift in conventional notions of ownership and provenance while introducing novel forms of originality. Despite existing solely in digital form, crafted through programmable code, smart contracts, and technological protocols, an NFT can maintain its distinctive aura and original essence.
The effect of kegel exercises on urinary incontinence in menopausal women in the Banyuwangi Hindu elderly community
Authors: Kusumawati Diana , Christiana Indah , Widhi Candra Dewi Ni Kadek
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Urinary incontinence refers to an individual's inability to restrain or control the discharge of urine due to weakness of the pelvic floor muscles and bladder muscles that are unable to control urine. This causes contamination of skin diseases in the genital area, quality of sleep, and decubitus. Prevention efforts can be provided with non-pharmacological therapy by doing Kegel exercises to stretch the pelvic floor muscles. The mechanism of action strengthens the capacity of the bladder sphincter. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of Kegel exercises on urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women in the Banyuwangi Hindu elderly community in 2023. Methods: This research employed a pre-experimental research design with a one-group pre-test post-test research design of 18 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The study's results before the intervention were those who experienced urinary incontinence in the elderly with a minimum value of 13, a median value of 17.50, and a maximum value of 22. After the intervention, those experiencing urinary incontinence had a minimum value of 4, a median value of 7.44, and a maximum value of 12.  The findings of this research, analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test with SPSS, yielded a significance value of p = 0.000, which is less than 0.05. This indicates that Kegel Exercise has an impact on Urinary Incontinence in Menopausal Women in the Banyuwangi Hindu Elderly Community in 2023. Conclusions: Kegel exercises contract, increase muscle tone, improve healing by up to 50%, and form a supporting structure for the pelvis, vagina, urethra, and rectum to affect the inability to urinate under control.
TEACHERS' STRATEGIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH DURING THE PANDEMIC AT ONE OF THE ISLAMIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN JAMBI
Authors: Failasofah Failasofah , Yanto Yanto , Nurulsabila Diniyah
Published: March 2024

In this research, researchers explore the teachers' strategies in teaching English during the COVID-19 pandemic at one of the Islamic secondary schools in a suburban area in Jambi. In conducting the research, researchers employed a qualitative research design with a case study method. The interview was conducted to investigate teachers' strategies during the irregular educational environment as the effect of the global pandemic. Based on the research findings, teachers often used strategies in English learning classes during the COVID-19 pandemic and utilized video as the learning media. Teachers use these strategies because it is more exciting and easier for students to understand the learning material. Teachers sometimes use several other strategies that are less efficient for online learning.
Pendampingan e-commerce untuk UMKM Cililin: Upaya peningkatan penjualan dan keberlanjutan
Authors: Meltareza Ridma , Jaya Rama Chandra , Ramdan Ahmad Taufiq Maulana
Published: March 2024

Pemanfaatan e-commerce memberikan peluang besar bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) untuk bersaing secara global. Namun, temuan dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar UMKM menghadapi kendala dalam mengadopsi teknologi ini, mengakibatkan keterbatasan dalam memanfaatkan potensi e-commerce. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, Tim Inkubator Bisnis Universitas INABA mengambil langkah proaktif dengan melakukan pendampingan terhadap 50 UMKM asal Cililin selama 5 hari. Pendampingan dilakukan melalui serangkaian kegiatan, termasuk pembekalan keterampilan fotografi produk, pengenalan alat-alat digital, penulisan deskripsi produk yang menarik, pendaftaran pada platform e-commerce, dan simulasi transaksi online. Meskipun terdapat kendala dalam penguasaan teknologi dan akses keuangan, kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM dalam menjalankan bisnis online. Temuan dari pelaksanaan pendampingan mencakup berbagai kendala seperti keterbatasan kecakapan digital, masalah logistik, dan keprihatinan terkait keamanan data. Dengan pemahaman mendalam tentang hambatan ini, diharapkan upaya pendampingan semacam ini dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam memperkuat daya saing UMKM di dunia e-commerce, membuka peluang baru, dan mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal.
Memperkuat keterampilan market planning: Pelatihan soft skill di lembaga kesetaraan
Authors: Hendriana Heris , Ansori Ansori , Estherlita Tiffany , Binyati Subur , Westhisi Sharina Munggaraning , Arum Nursanti Erni
Published: March 2024

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang diinisiasi oleh Program Pascasasrjana IKIP Siliwangi menetapkan PKBM Sangkanhurip yang terletak di Desa Sangkanhurip, Kecamatan Katapang, Kabupaten Bandung sebagai tempat pelaksanaan program pengabdian. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi ditemukan beberapa masalah yang dihadapi lembaga tersebut dalam proses pengembangan kewirausahaan yang sudah berjalan. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk menggali dampak dan efektivitas pelatihan dalam mempersiapkan peserta untuk memahami dan mengelola pasar lokal. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif dan edukatif dalam menyajikan materi market planning kepada peserta. Pelatihan difokuskan pada aspek analisis pasar, strategi pemasaran yang relevan dengan konteks lokal, dan pengembangan keterampilan manajemen bisnis yang diperlukan. Metode evaluasi meliputi survei pra pelatihan,  survei pasca pelatihan, observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman peserta tentang analisis pasar, strategi pemasaran yang sesuai dengan konteks lokal, dan keterampilan manajemen bisnis setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Implikasinya adalah penguatan kapasitas masyarakat lokal untuk mengelola bisnis atau inisiatif mereka sendiri dengan memahami pasar dan mengembangkan strategi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan komunitas
Definitions of parasites and pathogens through time
Authors: Kaishian Patricia , Lubbers Maarten , Fekih Ibtissem Ben , Groot Michiel D. de , Schilthuizen Menno , Haelewaters Danny
Published: March 2024

Scientists ought to apply universally accepted definitions to technical
terms to enable precise communication and discussion. Throughout
history, many definitions have shifted, such as those of important terms
in evolutionary biology, modes of life, and the nature of interactions.
Conversely, throughout history, important terms have been used without
proper definition. Two such terms are parasites and pathogens. An
extensive body of literature considers parasites and pathogens to be
categorically negative, which has resulted in definitions that lack
objectivity and limit a full understanding of the biology of these
organisms. Different interpretations have resulted in shifting
definitions, in turn causing confusion. Here, we present the remarkable
history of both definitions, an overview of alternative definitions put
forward throughout history, and a working definition for both terms. We
find that the line between what is a parasite or a pathogen is often
blurry, and is additionally complicated due to the multi-modal nature of
interactions.
Effect of hemodialysis on left atrial function in patients with end-stage renal failure evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking Imaging
Authors: Miao Yunxiang , Wang Li , Yin Ying , Zhou BingYuan , Liao Yuping
Published: March 2024

Abstract Objective: We sought to evaluate the left atrial (LA) strain
parameters of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients before and after
dialysis by two dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D- STI), and to
explore the effect of volume load change on LA function. Methods: 76
patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) were
enrolled in the study protocol. The median duration of dialysis was 24.0
(7.5, 59.5) months. In addition, 30 healthy subjects were selected as
control group. Comprehensive echocardiography was performed immediately
before and after hemodialysis to compare the changes in left atrial
function. Results: Regarding LA strain parameters in patients of pre-HD,
the median (25th, 75th) LA reservoir, LA conduit, and LA contractile
reserve were 28.0 (23.0, 34.5), -15.5 (-10.0, -21.5),-12.0 (-9.0, -16.0)
respectively; the post-HD were 26.0 (21.0, 29.0), -12.0 (-9, -15.5),
-12.5 (-9, -15.5) respectively; and controls were 43.0 (36.0, 48.0),
-24.0 (-18.0, -32.0), -17.0 (-15.0, -22.0) respectively. The left atrial
strain parameters before HD were lower than controls, the differences
were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The reservoir
function and conduit function of LA strain decreased after hemodialysis,
the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Regarding the contraction of LA, the differences between pre- and
post-HD were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: New echocardiographic parameters, such as left atrial
strain, can quantitatively evaluate the changes in left atrial function
before and after hemodialysis in ESRD patients, which can provide
valuable information for the overall cardiac evaluation in this specific
population.
Assessing the relationship between spring wild turkey hunting season dates and wild turkey productivity
Authors: Quehl Joseph , Phillips Lindsey , Johnson Vincent , Harper Craig , Clark Joseph , Shields Roger , Buehler David
Published: March 2024

Ten state wildlife management agencies in the United States, including
six within the Southeast, have delayed their spring wild turkey
(Meleagris gallopavo) hunting season since 2017 by five or more days to
address concerns related to the potential effects of hunting on wild
turkey seasonal productivity. One hypothesis posits that if the spring
hunting season is too early, there may be insufficient time for males to
breed hens before being harvested, thus leading to reduced seasonal
productivity. We conducted an experiment to determine if delaying the
wild turkey hunting season by two weeks in south-middle Tennessee would
affect various reproductive rates. In 2021 and 2022, the Tennessee Fish
and Wildlife Commission experimentally delayed the spring hunting season
to open 14 days later than the traditional date (the Saturday closest to
1 April) in Giles, Lawrence, and Wayne counties. We monitored
reproductive rates from 2017 to 2022 in these three counties as well as
two adjacent counties, Bedford and Maury, that were not delayed. We used
a Before-After-Control-Impact design to analyze the proportion of hens
nesting, clutch size, hatchability, nest success, poult survival, and
hen survival with linear mixed-effect models and AIC model selection to
detect relationships between the 14-day delay and reproductive
parameters. We detected no relationship (P > 0.05) between
the 14-day delay and any individual reproductive parameter. The
traditional Tennessee start date had been in place since 1986 while the
turkey harvest increased exponentially and more recently stabilized. Our
data indicate that moving the start of the hunting season from a period
prior to peak nest initiation to two weeks later to coincide with peak
nest initiation and the onset of incubation resulted in similar levels
of productivity in wild turkey flocks in south-middle Tennessee.
„Application of intracardiac echocardiography in a patient with challenging heart anatomy and focal atrial tachycardia
Authors: Wlazłowska-Struzik Ewa , Gardziejczyk Piotr , Baran Jakub
Published: March 2024

A 62-year-old female with multiple sclerosis in remission was admitted
for electrophysiological study due to persistent tachycardia episodes.
Patient had been experiencing heart palpitations for 30 years, symptoms
intensified post-respiratory infection in 2018, leading to daily
arrhythmia by 2023. Holter monitoring revealed supraventricular
tachycardia (115-120 bpm), with subsequent hospital telemetry confirming
frequent arrhythmia. The diagnostic process, guided by intracardiac
echocardiography, uncovered an aneurysmal interatrial septum. Ablation
procedures targeting an aneurysmal interatrial septum successfully
terminated arrhythmia, confirmed by follow-up over six months. The case
underscores the importance of intracardiac echocardiography in
navigating challenging cardiac anatomy during electrophysiological
interventions.
Digital play addiction tendency and aggression in early childhood: a path modeling
Authors: Semiz Selahattin , Aykanat Yüksel Büşra Yüksel , Çoksağır Büşra Somuncu
Published: March 2024

The study aims to examine the relationship between digital play
addiction tendency and four different dimensions of aggression:physical
aggression and relational aggression toward others,self-directed
aggression and aggression against objects.The research was conducted to
understand the effects of digital games on children’s behavior at a time
when children are increasingly exposed to digital games.The purpose of
this study is to investigate the relationship between early childhood
aggression in children and the tendency for addiction to digital
gaming.Quantitative research methodologies such as surveys and
relational designs were preferred for the study.744 children between the
ages of 4-6 constituted the participants of the study.Through parent
assessments,information about children’s aggressive tendencies and
addiction to digital gaming was gathered.To analyze the data the model
was created with PLS path modeling.Then, convergent and discriminant
validity was tested to evaluate the measurement model.Finally, the
structural model was evaluated by using bootstrapping analysis.In
conclusion, this study examined the relationship between the tendency
for digital play addiction and aggression in early childhood and found a
positive relationship between these factors.These findings may help us
understand the potential effects of children’s digital game use and
addiction on their social behavior and provide important clues for
promoting healthier digital media use.
Inter-atrial Septal Balloon Dilation to Facilitate Intracardiac Echocardiography Guided Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion
Authors: Goyal Sandeep , Bhimani Ashish A. , Kella Danesh , Tyagi Anahita , Polsani Venkateshwar , Deering Thomas
Published: March 2024

Background: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is
traditionally performed under general anesthesia with trans-esophageal
echocardiography guidance. Intracardiac echo (ICE) guided LAAO closure
is increasing in clinical use. The ICE catheter is crossed into LA via
interatrial septum (IAS) after the septum is dilated with LAAO delivery
sheath. This step can be time-consuming and requires significant ICE
catheter manipulation increasing the risk of cardiac perforation.
Pre-emptive septal balloon dilation can potentially help with the
advancement of ICE in LA. Objective: Evaluate the effect of pre-dilation
of IAS with an 8 mm balloon on ease of crossing the ICE catheter,
fluoroscopy time for crossing, and overall procedure time. Methods: The
Piedmont LAAO registry was used to identify consecutive patients
undergoing LAAO. The initial 25 patients where balloon dilation of IAS
was performed served as the experimental cohort, and the 25 consecutive
patients prior to that in whom balloon dilation was not performed,
served as controls. For the experimental group, after a trans-septal
puncture, the sheath was retracted to the right atrium with guide wire
still in the LA. An 8x40 mm Evercoss™ over the wire balloon was inflated
across the IAS. The ICE catheter was then crossed into the LA using the
fluoroscopic landmark of the guide wire and the ICE imaging. The sheath
was then advanced along the ICE catheter via the transseptal puncture
(TSP) and the procedure continued. Follow up CT imaging was obtained in
4-8 weeks. Results: Each group included 25 patients. There were no
significant differences in baseline characteristics. All procedures were
performed successfully with the use of conscious sedation and ICE
guidance. There was a significant reduction in overall procedure time,
fluoroscopy time, and time for trans-septal puncture to ICE in LA. There
was no difference in the size of the acute residual interatrial shunt as
measured via ICE or size and presence of iatrogenic ASD at follow up.
Conclusion: Balloon dilation of TSP is safe and associated with
increased efficiencies in ICE guided LAAO procedures.
Effects of sibling relationships on elementary school children’s social–emotional competence: an analysis of China’s multi-child family structure
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Yang Mengna , Lei Yu
Published: March 2024

Sibling relationships’ effects on social–emotional competence were
investigated among elementary school children experiencing changing
family structures. The study involved 965 students (ages 10–12 years;
472 boys, 503 girls; N5th grades = 510, N6th grades = 465) in a
developed province in China. Sibling relationships and social–emotional
competence showed a significant positive association. Sibling rivalry,
conflict, and power contrast hindered children’s self-awareness,
decision making, and interpersonal skills. Positive sibling
relationships (e.g., sibling intimacy) were positively correlated with
and predictive of social–emotional competence in children from
multi-child families. Sibling intimacy best explained children’s
social–emotional competence and predicted the development of
social–emotional competence dimensions. Sibling intimacy
aspects—pro-sociality, affect, companionship, and
admiration—primarily predicted social–emotional competence.
High species richness of sheep-grazed sand pastures is driven by disturbance tolerant and weedy short-lived species
Authors: Kovacsics-Vári Gergely , Sonkoly Judit , Tóth Katalin , McIntosh-Buday Andrea , Cando Patricia Díaz , Törő-Szijgyártó Viktória , Balogh Nóra , Suntaxi Luis Guallichico , Ami Francis Espinoza , Matus Gábor , Tóthmérész Béla , Torok Peter
Published: March 2024

We selected 15 sheep-grazed sand pastures along increasing grazing
intensity to study fine scale biomass patterns of main fractions (green
biomass, litter) and that of plant species and functional groups (life
forms and social behaviour types). We classified them into five grazing
intensity levels based on stocking rate, proximity to drinking and
resting places, and the number of droppings and other tracks of grazing
animals. We formulated three study questions: i) How does increasing
intensity of sheep grazing affect the amount of green biomass, species
richness and their relationship in sand pastures? ii) How does
increasing intensity of sheep grazing affect the biomass of perennial
and short-lived graminoids and forbs? iii) How does disturbance value
(expressed in the biomass ratio of disturbance tolerant and ruderal
species) change along the gradient of grazing intensity? A unimodal
relationship between green biomass and species richness was detected.
Along the grazing intensity gradient, we found an increasing trend for
species richness; significant differences for green biomass (decreasing
trend) and litter (decreasing trend), moreover for graminoids
(decreasing trend), and short-lived forbs (increasing trend). We found
an increasing amount of disturbance tolerant and ruderal species with
increasing grazing intensity. We concluded that stocking rate and
proximity to drinking and resting places jointly affected vegetation and
created an uneven pattern for composition and amount of biomass in all
grazing intensity levels. Our findings might be instructive for pastures
in densely populated regions which are prone to the encroachment of
disturbance-tolerant and ruderal species.
A digital prediction compensation for DR improvement in CT DSM with digital noise coupling
Authors: Pang Jiaxi , Ou Xilong , Li Qiang
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a prediction-based dynamic range (DR) compensation
technique in continuous-time (CT) delta -sigma modulator (DSM) with
digital-domain noise coupling (DNC) structure. A digital prediction
technique is proposed to address the issue of maximum stable amplitude
(MSA) loss caused by DNC. The proposed prediction method has been shown
to significantly extend the MSA of CT DSM with DNC. Moreover, through
the extension of MSA, the DR and SNDR is significantly improved. A CTDSM
with proposed compensation achieves a SNDR of 85.1dB at -1dBFS and a DR
of 89dB.
High-Efficiency Narrowband Multi-Resonance TADF Emitters via the Introduction of Bulky Adamantane Unit
Authors: Qi Yanyu , Zhang Zehua , Sun Weidong , Wu Shaohua , Liu Qing , Wang Wenya , Jiang Pengcheng , Yu haitao , Zhou Liang , Lu Guangzhao
Published: March 2024

The fluorescence quenching of multiple resonance thermally activated
delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials has remained a formidable
challenge due to the strong π-π packing and intense intermolecular
aggregation. To this end, we have designed MR-TADF molecules modified
with adamantane with large spatial hindrance, named BN-Ad, to mitigate
the intermolecular π-π stacking be-tween the rigid planar skeletons and
prevent aggregation-caused quenching. Photoelectric properties of BN-Ad
in solutions and thin films were systematically investigated, and the
electroluminescence properties were characterized by fabricating organic
light-emitting diode devices (OLEDs). The optimized device employing
BN-Ad exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 32.3%
peaking at 500 nm with a small full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of only
35 nm. When the doping ratio in-creased to 50 wt%, the EQEmax can still
be maintained at 11.2% with a slightly red-shifted emission peak at 508
nm and moderately widened FWHM of 53 nm.