bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromatin state dynamics confers specific therapeutic strategies in enhancer subtypes of colorectal cancer
Authors: Orouji Elias , Raman Ayush T , Singh Anand K , Sorokin Alexey , Arslan Emre , Ghosh Archit K , Schulz Jonathan , Terranova Christopher , Jiang Shan , Tang Ming , Maitituoheti Mayinuer , Callahan Scot C , Barrodia Praveen , Tomczak Katarzyna , Jiang Yingda , Jiang Zhiqin , Davis Jennifer S , Ghosh Sukhen , Lee Hey Min , Reyes-Uribe Laura , Chang Kyle , Liu Yusha , Chen Huiqin , Azhdarinia Ali , Morris Jeffrey , Vilar Eduardo , Carmon Kendra S , Kopetz Scott E , Rai Kunal
Published: June 2021

Objective

Enhancer aberrations are beginning to emerge as a key epigenetic feature of colorectal cancers (CRC), however, a comprehensive knowledge of chromatin state patterns in tumour progression, heterogeneity of these patterns and imparted therapeutic opportunities remain poorly described.

Design

We performed comprehensive epigenomic characterisation by mapping 222 chromatin profiles from 69 samples (33 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 4 adenomas, 21 matched normal tissues and 11 colon cancer cell lines) for six histone modification marks: H3K4me3 for Pol II-bound and CpG-rich promoters, H3K4me1 for poised enhancers, H3K27ac for enhancers and transcriptionally active promoters, H3K79me2 for transcribed regions, H3K27me3 for polycomb repressed regions and H3K9me3 for heterochromatin.

Results

We demonstrate that H3K27ac-marked active enhancer state could distinguish between different stages of CRC progression. By epigenomic editing, we present evidence that gains of tumour-specific enhancers for crucial oncogenes, such asASCL2andFZD10,was required for excessive proliferation. Consistently, combination of MEK plus bromodomain inhibition was found to have synergistic effects in CRC patient-derived xenograft models. Probing intertumour heterogeneity, we identified four distinct enhancer subtypes (EPIgenome-based Classification, EpiC), three of which correlate well with previously defined transcriptomic subtypes (consensus molecular subtypes, CMSs). Importantly, CMS2 can be divided into two EpiC subgroups with significant survival differences. Leveraging such correlation, we devised a combinatorial therapeutic strategy of enhancer-blocking bromodomain inhibitors with pathway-specific inhibitors (PARPi, EGFRi, TGFβi, mTORi and SRCi) for EpiC groups.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that the dynamics of active enhancer underlies CRC progression and the patient-specific enhancer patterns can be leveraged for precision combination therapy.
Homozygous mutation in MCM7 causes autosomal recessive primary microcephaly and intellectual disability
Authors: Ravindran Ethiraj , Gutierrez de Velazco Cynthia , Ghazanfar Ali , Kraemer Nadine , Zaqout Sami , Waheed Abdul , Hanif Mohsan , Mughal Sadia , Prigione Alessandro , Li Na , Fang Xiang , Hu Hao , Kaindl Angela M
Published: June 2021

Background

Minichromosomal maintenance (MCM) complex components 2, 4, 5 and 6 have been linked to human disease with phenotypes including microcephaly and intellectual disability. The MCM complex has DNA helicase activity and is thereby important for the initiation and elongation of the replication fork and highly expressed in proliferating neural stem cells.

Methods

Whole-exome sequencing was applied to identify the genetic cause underlying the neurodevelopmental disease of the index family. The expression pattern of Mcm7 was characterised by performing quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridisation and immunostaining. To prove the disease-causative nature of identified MCM7, a proof-of-principle experiment was performed.

Results

We reported that the homozygous missense variant c.793G>A/p.A265T (g.7:99695841C>T, NM_005916.4) in MCM7 was associated with autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), severe intellectual disability and behavioural abnormalities in a consanguineous pedigree with three affected individuals. We found concordance between the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Mcm7 in mice and a proliferative state: Mcm7 expression was higher in early mouse developmental stages and in proliferative zones of the brain. Accordingly, Mcm7/MCM7 levels were detectable particularly in undifferentiated mouse embryonal stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells compared with differentiated neurons. We further demonstrate that the downregulation of Mcm7 in mouse neuroblastoma cells reduces cell viability and proliferation, and, as a proof-of-concept, that this is counterbalanced by the overexpression of wild-type but not mutant MCM7.

Conclusion

We report mutations of MCM7 as a novel cause of autosomal recessive MCPH and intellectual disability and highlight the crucial function of MCM7 in nervous system development.
Reheating in small-field inflation on the brane: the swampland criteria and observational constraints in light of the PLANCK 2018 results
Authors: Osses Constanza , Videla Nelson , Panotopoulos Grigoris
Published: June 2021

We study cosmological inflation and its dynamics in the framework of the Randall–Sundrum II brane model. In particular, we analyze in detail four representative small-field inflationary potentials, namely Natural inflation, Hilltop inflation, Higgs-like inflation, and Exponential SUSY inflation, each characterized by two mass scales. We constrain the parameters for which a viable inflationary Universe emerges using the latest PLANCK results. Furthermore, we investigate whether or not those models in brane cosmology are consistent with the recently proposed Swampland Criteria, and give predictions for the duration of reheating as well as for the reheating temperature after inflation. Our results show that (i) the distance conjecture is satisfied, (ii) the de Sitter conjecture and its refined version may be avoided, and (iii) the allowed range for the five-dimensional Planck mass, $$M_5$$

M
5

, is found to be $$10^5\,\text {TeV}\lesssim M_5\lesssim 10^{12}\,\text {TeV}$$

10
5

TeV
≲

M
5

≲

10
12

TeV

. Our main findings indicate that non-thermal leptogenesis cannot work within the framework of RS-II brane cosmology, at least for the inflationary potentials considered here.
Exploiting Long-Term Temporal Cache Access Patterns for LRU Insertion Prioritization
Authors: Carroll Shane , Lin Wei-Ming
Published: June 2021

In a CPU cache utilizing least recently used (LRU) replacement, cache sets manage a buffer which orders all cache lines in the set from LRU to most recently used (MRU). When a cache line is brought into cache, it is placed at the MRU and the LRU line is evicted. When re-accessed, a line is promoted to the MRU position. LRU replacement provides a simple heuristic to predict the optimal cache line to evict. However, LRU utilizes only simple, short-term access patterns. In this paper, we propose a method that uses a buffer called the history queue to record longer-term access-eviction patterns than the LRU buffer can capture. Using this information, we make a simple modification to LRU insertion policy such that recently-recalled blocks have priority over others. As lines are evicted, their addresses are recorded in a FIFO history queue. Incoming lines that have recently been evicted and now recalled (those in the history queue at recall time) remain in the MRU for an extended period of time as non-recalled lines entering the cache thereafter are placed below the MRU. We show that the proposed LRU insertion prioritization increases performance in single-threaded and multi-threaded workloads in simulations with simple adjustments to baseline LRU.
Axion quark nuggets. Dark matter and matter–antimatter asymmetry: Theory, observations and future experiments
Authors: Zhitnitsky Ariel
Published: June 2021

We review a testable, the axion quark nugget (AQN) model outside of the standard WIMP paradigm. The model was originally invented to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components, [Formula: see text], in a natural way as both types of matter are formed during the same QCD transition and proportional to the same dimensional fundamental parameter of the system, [Formula: see text]. In this framework, the baryogenesis is actually a charge segregation (rather than charge generation) process which is operational due to the [Formula: see text]-odd axion field, while the global baryon number of the Universe remains zero. The nuggets and anti-nuggets are strongly interacting but macroscopically large objects with approximately nuclear density. We overview several specific recent applications of this framework. First, we discuss the “solar corona mystery” when the so-called nanoflares are identified with the AQN annihilation events in corona. Secondly, we review a proposal that the recently observed by the Telescope Array puzzling events is a result of the annihilation events of the AQNs under thunderstorm. Finally, we overview a broadband strategy which could lead to the discovery the AQN-induced axions representing the heart of the construction.
Aharonov–Bohm-like scattering in the generalized uncertainty principle-corrected quantum mechanics
Authors: Park DaeKil
Published: June 2021

We discuss classical electrodynamics and the Aharonov–Bohm effect in the presence of the minimal length. In the former, we derive the classical equation of motion and the corresponding Lagrangian. In the latter, we adopt the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) and compute the scattering cross-section up to the first-order of the GUP parameter [Formula: see text]. Even though the minimal length exists, the cross-section is invariant under the simultaneous change [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are azimuthal angle and magnetic flux parameter. However, unlike the usual Aharonv–Bohm scattering, the cross-section exhibits discontinuous behavior at every integer [Formula: see text]. The symmetries, which the cross-section has in the absence of GUP, are shown to be explicitly broken at the level of [Formula: see text].
Strong Equitable Vertex Arboricity in Cartesian Product Networks
Authors: Guo Zhiwei , Mao Yaping , Jia Nan , Li He
Published: June 2021

An equitable [Formula: see text]-tree-coloring of a graph [Formula: see text] is defined as a [Formula: see text]-coloring of vertices of [Formula: see text] such that each component of the subgraph induced by each color class is a tree of maximum degree at most [Formula: see text], and the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. The strong equitable vertex [Formula: see text]-arboricity of a graph [Formula: see text] refers to the smallest integer [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] has an equitable [Formula: see text]-tree-coloring for every [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we investigate the Cartesian product with respect to the strong equitable vertex [Formula: see text]-arboricity, and demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed constructions by applying them to some instances of product networks.
Summability of Fourier transforms on mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces via associated Herz spaces
Authors: Huang Long , Weisz Ferenc , Yang Dachun , Yuan Wen
Published: June 2021

Let [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be the mixed-norm Lebesgue space, and [Formula: see text] an integrable function. In this paper, via establishing the boundedness of the mixed centered Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] to itself or to the weak mixed-norm Lebesgue space [Formula: see text] under some sharp assumptions on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the authors show that the [Formula: see text]-mean of [Formula: see text] converges to [Formula: see text] almost everywhere over the diagonal if the Fourier transform [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] belongs to some mixed-norm homogeneous Herz space [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being the conjugate index of [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, by introducing another mixed-norm homogeneous Herz space and establishing a characterization of this Herz space, the authors then extend the above almost everywhere convergence of [Formula: see text]-means to the unrestricted case. Finally, the authors show that the [Formula: see text]-mean of [Formula: see text] converges over the diagonal to [Formula: see text] at all its [Formula: see text]-Lebesgue points if and only if [Formula: see text] belongs to [Formula: see text], and a similar conclusion also holds true for the unrestricted convergence at strong [Formula: see text]-Lebesgue points. Observe that, in all these results, those Herz spaces to which [Formula: see text] belongs prove to be the best choice in some sense.
WHAT DO WE HAVE IN-COMMON? OVERCOMING THE NOT-INVENTED-HERE SYNDROME THROUGH RECATEGORISATION
Authors: WEISSENBERGER-EIBL MARION A. , HAMPEL TIM
Published: June 2021

The not-invented-here (NIH) syndrome describes a negatively-shaped attitude of employees towards externally generated knowledge. Despite being cited as one of the largest barriers in the transfer of external knowledge, empirical evidence on interventions to overcome NIH remains scarce. To address this research gap, we design a brief and specific recategorisational-intervention on basis of the common in-group identity model in order to change employees’ attitudes towards external knowledge directly. Additionally, we take into account the effects of affirmations as a frequently mentioned countermeasure to NIH and also investigate the role of dual identities in recategorisation. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a large field experiment with a total of 1,097 employees within a multinational organisation. Results revealed that (I) organisational identification and status are positively related to higher levels of NIH, (II) a recategorisational-intervention completely removes the NIH bias and leads to a significant increase in the evaluation of external knowledge.
Diaries to Increase the Adoption of Chlorine Tablets for Water Purification by Poor Households
Authors: Akram Agha Ali , Mendelsohn Robert
Published: June 2021

Over half-a-million children die annually from diarrheal disease. Despite the availability and known benefits of chlorine tablets, vulnerable populations in developing countries rarely use chlorine to decontaminate their drinking water even when offered for free. We test the hypothesis that the low uptake by poor households is an information problem. The episodic nature of diarrhea makes it difficult to detect that chlorine tablets have any effect on diarrhea, so households quickly abandon using chlorine tablets after trying them. We conduct an experiment where we offer a control group and a treatment group standard information about local diarrhea incidence and the effectiveness of chlorine tablets, along with chorine tablets for free. The treatment group, however, is also given training with a diary that helps them track their children’s cases of diarrhea. The diary is used for three months before and three months after the chlorine tablets are offered. The diary allows households to learn about their household incidence of diarrhea without chlorine and then see how it changes once they start using chlorine. We then compare the rate chlorine tablets are accepted in the treatment group with a control group. Using intent-to-treat regression specifications, with and without controls for household characteristics, reveals that the treatment group consistently had much higher chlorine adoption rates than the control group. The overall presence of chlorine in household water 18 months after chlorine was first offered was 86% in the treatment group but only 29% in the control group. Consistent with this finding, the children in the treatment group were significantly taller and weighed more than the control group children. Our study suggests that the medical diary can be an effective way to convince poor households of the effectiveness of chlorine tablets and therefore dramatically increase adoption rates. Widespread use of the diary is a cost-effective way to increase global chlorine adoption and help lower diarrhea deaths and illnesses of children worldwide. Moreover, medical diaries like ours may also increase adoption rates of other cost-effective health measures that suffer from low adoption rates.
Probabilistic Machine Learning for Healthcare
Authors: Chen Irene Y. , Joshi Shalmali , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Ranganath Rajesh
Published: June 2021

Machine learning can be used to make sense of healthcare data. Probabilistic machine learning models help provide a complete picture of observed data in healthcare. In this review, we examine how probabilistic machine learning can advance healthcare. We consider challenges in the predictive model building pipeline where probabilistic models can be beneficial, including calibration and missing data. Beyond predictive models, we also investigate the utility of probabilistic machine learning models in phenotyping, in generative models for clinical use cases, and in reinforcement learning.
Theoretical Foundations of Relational Incentive Contracts
Authors: Watson Joel
Published: June 2021

This article describes the emerging game-theoretic framework for modeling long-term contractual relationships with moral hazard. The framework combines self-enforcement and external enforcement, accommodating alternative assumptions regarding how actively the parties initially set and renegotiate the terms of their contract. A progression of theoretical components is reviewed, building from the recursive formulation of equilibrium continuation values in repeated games. A principal-agent setting serves as a running example.
Freshwater Scarcity
Authors: Gleick Peter H. , Cooley Heather
Published: June 2021

The availability and use of fresh water are critical for human health and for economic and ecosystem stability. But the growing mismatch between human demands and natural freshwater availability is contributing to water scarcity, affecting industrial and agricultural production and a wide range of social, economic, and political problems, including poverty, deterioration of ecosystem health, and violent conflicts. Understanding and addressing different forms of water scarcity are vital for moving toward more sustainable management and use of fresh water. We provide here a review of concepts and definitions of water scarcity, metrics and indicators used to evaluate scarcity together with strategies for addressing and reducing the adverse consequences of water scarcity, including the development of alternative sources of water, improvements in water-use efficiency, and changes in systems of water management and planning.
Heart Development and Congenital Structural Heart Defects
Authors: Houyel Lucile , Meilhac Sigolène M.
Published: June 2021

Congenital heart disease is the most frequent birth defect and the leading cause of death for the fetus and in the first year of life. The wide phenotypic diversity of congenital heart defects requires expert diagnosis and sophisticated repair surgery. Although these defects have been described since the seventeenth century, it was only in 2005 that a consensus international nomenclature was adopted, followed by an international classification in 2017 to help provide better management of patients. Advances in genetic engineering, imaging, and omics analyses have uncovered mechanisms of heart formation and malformation in animal models, but approximately 80% of congenital heart defects have an unknown genetic origin. Here, we summarize current knowledge of congenital structural heart defects, intertwining clinical and fundamental research perspectives, with the aim to foster interdisciplinary collaborations at the cutting edge of each field. We also discuss remaining challenges in better understanding congenital heart defects and providing benefits to patients.
Preparation of Ti/SnO2-Sb/Rare Earth Electrodes Containing Different Contents of Ni Intermediate Layer for Efficient Electrochemical Decolorization of Rhodamine B
Authors: Wai Thet Phyo , Yin Yilin , Zhang Xiao , Li Zenghe
Published: June 2021

Water contamination by dyes discharged from many industries is an environmental issue of great matter. Electrochemical oxidation is an advanced approach for wastewater treatment. In this study, the composite electrodes of Ti/SnO2-Sb-Ni/rare earth have been modified using rare earth elements (Re) Gd, Ce, Eu, and Er and various molar ratios of tin and nickel intermediate layer, and their electrochemical oxidation effects were scrutinized. To analyze the decolorization performance of the electrodes, Rhodamine B (RhB) dye was utilized as a target pollutant. Accelerated life testing indicated that the longer service life could be observed in Ni (3.5%)/Re and Ni (5%)/ Re electrodes compared with other modified Ni (0%, 1%, and 2%)/Re electrodes. Compared with the color removal efficiencies of the Ni (2%)/Re electrodes, the decolorization rate of 90% after treatment for 60 min and the low energy consumption of 3.621 kW h·m−3 can be achieved at the Ni (2%)/Gd electrode under the experimental condition of 100 mg·L−1 RhB. The best decolorization rate was observed at the Ni (2%)/Re electrodes among other Ni and no adding Ni-doped Re electrodes. The characterization of the electrodes was described, consisting of surface morphology, oxygen evolution potential, and a crystallographic and elemental combination of the coatings.
[Retracted] Self‐Correction Ship Tracking and Counting with Variable Time Window Based on YOLOv3
Authors: Liu Chun , Li Jian
Published: June 2021

Automatic ship detection, recognition, and counting are crucial for intelligent maritime surveillance, timely ocean rescue, and computer‐aided decision‐making. YOLOv3 pretraining model is used for model training with sample images for ship detection. The ship detection model is built by adjusting and optimizing parameters. Combining the target HSV color histogram features and LBP local features’ target, object recognition and selection are realized by using the deep learning model due to its efficiency in extracting object characteristics. Since tracking targets are subject to drift and jitter, a self‐correction network that composites both direction judgment based on regression and target counting method with variable time windows is designed, which better realizes automatic detection, tracking, and self‐correction of moving object numbers in water. The method in this paper shows stability and robustness, applicable to the automatic analysis of waterway videos and statistics extraction.
Intelligent Link Prediction Management Based on Community Discovery and User Behavior Preference in Online Social Networks
Authors: Ge Jun , Shi Lei-lei , Liu Lu , Shi Hongwei , Panneerselvam John
Published: June 2021

Link prediction in online social networks intends to predict users who are yet to establish their network of friends, with the motivation of offering friend recommendation based on the current network structure and the attributes of nodes. However, many existing link prediction methods do not consider important information such as community characteristics, text information, and growth mechanism. In this paper, we propose an intelligent data management mechanism based on relationship strength according to the characteristics of social networks for achieving a reliable prediction in online social networks. Secondly, by considering the network structure attributes and interest preference of users as important factors affecting the link prediction process in online social networks, we propose further improvements in the prediction process by designing a friend recommendation model with a novel incorporation of the relationship information and interest preference characteristics of users into the community detection algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments conducted on a Twitter dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed models in both dynamic community detection and link prediction.
[Retracted] Optimization and Simulation of Virtual Experiment System of Human Sports Science Based on VR
Authors: Li Gaixin
Published: June 2021

Virtual reality technology is an emerging technology developed on the basis of information technology. It is widely used in military, medical, mining, entertainment, and other fields. Therefore, many countries have been vigorously conducting research in recent years. As one of the important components of the virtual reality system, the three‐dimensional human motion tracking system is of great significance to the research of practical virtual reality systems. It introduces the measurement principle of the spatial three‐dimensional coordinate dynamic measurement device and discusses in detail the ultrasonic transmission, reception, amplification, filtering, comparison, shaping circuit, and single‐chip interface circuit. This paper introduces the working principle and characteristics of the virtual experiment system and gives the structure diagram, hardware schematic diagram, and software flow diagram of the system. We mainly study the method of tracking human motion by measuring the three‐dimensional coordinates of the space point, which lays a good foundation for the research of the actual three‐dimensional motion tracking system. At the same time, the three‐dimensional human body modeling is discussed, and the interactive movement policy of the human arm is briefly introduced. It has a certain effect on the actual virtual reality human‐computer interaction system.
A Machine Learning Approach to the Interpretation of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests: Development and Validation
Authors: Inbar Or , Inbar Omri , Reuveny Ronen , Segel Michael J. , Greenspan Hayit , Scheinowitz Mickey
Published: June 2021

Objective. At present, there is no consensus on the best strategy for interpreting the cardiopulmonary exercise test’s (CPET) results. This study is aimed at assessing the potential of using computer-aided algorithms to evaluate CPET data for identifying chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. Data from 234 CPET files from the Pulmonary Institute, at Sheba Medical Center, and the Givat-Washington College, both in Israel, were selected for this study. The selected CPET files included patients with confirmed primary CHF (

n
=
73

), COPD (

n
=
75

), and healthy subjects (

n
=
86

). Of the 234 CPETs, 150 (50 in each group) tests were used for the support vector machine (SVM) learning stage, and the remaining 84 tests were used for the model validation. The performance of the SVM interpretive module was assessed by comparing its interpretation output with the conventional clinical diagnosis using distribution analysis. Results. The disease classification results show that the overall predictive power of the proposed interpretive model ranged from 96% to 100%, indicating very high predictive power. Furthermore, the sensitivity, specificity, and overall precision of the proposed interpretive module were 99%, 99%, and 99%, respectively. Conclusions. The proposed new computer-aided CPET interpretive module was found to be highly sensitive and specific in classifying patients with CHF or COPD, or healthy. Comparable modules may well be applied to additional and larger populations (pathologies and exercise limitations), thereby making this tool powerful and clinically applicable.
Anonymous Data Reporting Strategy with Dynamic Incentive Mechanism for Participatory Sensing
Authors: Li Yang , Song Hongtao , Zhao Yunlong , Yao Nianmin , Wang Nianbin
Published: June 2021

Participatory sensing is often used in environmental or personal data monitoring, wherein a number of participants collect data using their mobile intelligent devices for earning the incentives. However, a lot of additional information is submitted along with the data, such as the participant’s location, IP and incentives. This multimodal information implicitly links to the participant’s identity and exposes the participant’s privacy. In order to solve the issue of these multimodal information associating with participants’ identities, this paper proposes a protocol to ensure anonymous data reporting while providing a dynamic incentive mechanism simultaneously. The proposed protocol first establishes a submission schedule by anonymously selecting a slot in a vector by each member where every member and system entities are oblivious of other members’ slots and then uses this schedule to submit the all members’ data in an encoded vector through bulk transfer and multiplayer dining cryptographers networks (DC-nets) . Hence, the link between the data and the member’s identity is broken. The incentive mechanism uses blind signature to anonymously mark the price and complete the micropayments transfer. Finally, the theoretical analysis of the protocol proves the anonymity, integrity, and efficiency of this protocol. We implemented and tested the protocol on Android phones. The experiment results show that the protocol is efficient for low latency tolerable applications, which is the cases with most participatory sensing applications, and they also show the advantage of our optimization over similar anonymous data reporting protocols.
Team Sports for Game AI Benchmarking Revisited
Authors: Mozgovoy Maxim , Preuss Mike , Bidarra Rafael
Published: June 2021

Sport games are among the oldest and best established genres of computer games. Sport-inspired environments, such as RoboCup, have been used for AI benchmarking for years. We argue that, in spite of the rise of increasingly more sophisticated game genres, team sport games will remain an important testbed for AI benchmarking due to two primary factors. First, there are several genre-specific challenges for AI systems that are neither present nor emphasized in other types of games, such as team AI and frequent replanning. Second, there are unmistakable nonskill-related goals of AI systems, contributing to player enjoyment, that are most easily observed and addressed within a context of a team sport, such as showing creative and emotional traits. We analyze these factors in detail and outline promising directions for future research for game AI benchmarking, within a team sport context.
Numerical Modeling of Coupled Surge‐Heave Sloshing in a Rectangular Tank with Baffles
Authors: Ren Lv , Zou Yinjie , Tang Jinbo , Jin Xin , Li Dengsong , Liu Mingming
Published: June 2021

Liquid sloshing under coupled surge and heave excitations in a rectangular tank has been numerically investigated by applying a Navier–Stokes solver. Fieriest coupled sloshing was further considered, and the internal baffle was expected to suppress the violent sloshing wave. After getting fully validated against available results from the literatures, the numerical model was applied to research coupled sloshing, and both vertical baffle and horizontal baffle have been considered. Due to the strong vortexes created by the sharper corners of the baffles and the reduction of the effective water bulk climbing through the tank walls, the sloshing was dramatically reduced. The increase of the baffle distance away from the tank bottom led to a decrease in the sloshing wave. It was noted that the baffle near the free surface caused the maximal dissipation. The frequency response of the sloshing wave was accordingly illustrated.
Decision‐Making Optimization Design of Enterprise Standardization Management Planning Based on Mobile Network System
Authors: Wang Qiao , Wang Jianjun , Ye Shenlin
Published: June 2021

With the continuous deepening of enterprise management and market competition, the pressure of production and operation of enterprises is increasing, and it is urgent to improve the management level of enterprises. This paper mainly studies the decision optimization design of enterprise standardization management planning based on mobile network system. In this paper, the idea of clustering is used to integrate the customers into a customer clustering mode, which will greatly reduce the number of customers studied in the model and simplify the optimization process of the model. Through online and offline processes, these can achieve dynamic and rapid processing of data flow and can well meet the needs of users for data flow analysis. In the construction of enterprise standardization strategic performance evaluation index system, it is necessary to decompose, combine, and converge the index system. According to the construction principles and methods discussed above, the influencing factors of standardized strategic performance evaluation indicators of construction enterprises are preliminarily stratified by using the expert survey method and cluster analysis method, so as to construct the initial evaluation system. For the mobile network system testing, we use the black box test and white box test. The test content mainly includes two modules: area calculation and label calculation. Experimental data show that when the time threshold Ts is set to 1 hour, the prediction accuracy of TBM increases from 46.9% to 47.7%. The results show that the mobile network system realizes the whole life cycle management of enterprise standards and improves the management level of enterprise standardization work.
Research on the Oil-Bearing Difference of Bedding Fractures: A Case Study of Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag
Authors: Lu Jia , Zhang Chen , Zeng Jianhui , Yuan Haowei
Published: June 2021

Lucaogou formation in Jimsar sag is host to large quantities of bedding fractures which are known to play a critical role in the enrichment, accumulation, and efficient development of tight oil. In this paper, we examine and finely characterize the development of the bedding fractures found in the upper and lower sweet spots of Lucaogou formation of tight oil reservoir through field outcrop and core observation, cast thin section analysis, and imaging log recognition and investigate the factors affecting their differentiated oil-bearing by means of inclusion temperature measurement, TOC testing, physical property testing, high-pressure mercury injection, and physical simulation experiment. By comparison with the linear density, bedding fractures are more developed in the lower sweet spot. These fractures occur in parallel to the formation boundary and have small aperture. Most of bedding fractures are unfilled fractures. Among the few types of fractures found there, bedding fractures have the best oil-bearing property, but the oil-bearing can differ from one bedding fracture to another. The factors affecting the differentiated oil-bearing of bedding fractures include the temporal coupling of the formation of these fractures with the hydrocarbon generation of the source rocks and the spatial coupling of the bedding fractures with the source rocks. In terms of temporal coupling, mass hydrocarbon generation in Jimsar sag began in Late Jurassic. Inclusion temperature measurement indicates that the bedding fractures there formed in or after Early Cretaceous. Hence, by matching the mass hydrocarbon generation period of the source rocks with the formation period of the bedding fractures, we discovered that the bedding fractures formed within the mass hydrocarbon generation period, which favored the oil-bearing of these fractures. The spatial coupling is manifested in TOC, porosity, permeability, and pore throat, with TOC being the main controlling factor. For TOC, the higher the formation TOC, the better the oil-bearing property of the bedding fractures. For porosity, subject to the TOC level, if the TOC is adequate, the larger the porosity, the larger the chloroform asphalt “A,” accordingly the higher the oil content of the formation, and the better the oil-bearing property of the bedding fractures developed therein. In this sense, in terms of spatial coupling, TOC constitutes the main controlling factor of the oil-bearing property of bedding fractures.
Detecting Multielement Algorithmically Generated Domain Names Based on Adaptive Embedding Model
Authors: Yang Luhui , Liu Guangjie , Liu Weiwei , Bai Huiwen , Zhai Jiangtao , Dai Yuewei
Published: June 2021

With the development of detection algorithms on malicious dynamic domain names, domain generation algorithms have developed to be more stealthy. The use of multiple elements for generating domains will lead to higher detection difficulty. To effectively improve the detection accuracy of algorithmically generated domain names based on multiple elements, a domain name syntax model is proposed, which analyzes the multiple elements in domain names and their syntactic relationship, and an adaptive embedding method is proposed to achieve effective element parsing of domain names. A parallel convolutional model based on the feature selection module combined with an improved dynamic loss function based on curriculum learning is proposed, which can achieve effective detection on multielement malicious domain names. A series of experiments are designed and the proposed model is compared with five previous algorithms. The experimental results denote that the detection accuracy of the proposed model for multiple-element malicious domain names is significantly higher than that of the comparison algorithms and also has good adaptability to other types of malicious domain names.
Joint Detection of Tap and CEA Based on Deep Learning Medical Image Segmentation: Risk Prediction of Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Lang Shaolei , Xu Yinxia , Li Liang , Wang Bin , Yang Yang , Xue Yan , Shi Kexin
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid nodules has shown an increasing trend year by year and has become one of the important diseases that endanger human health. Ultrasound medical images based on deep learning are widely used in clinical diagnosis due to their cheapness, no radiation, and low cost. The use of image processing technology to accurately segment the nodule area provides important auxiliary information for the doctor’s diagnosis, which is of great value for guiding clinical treatment. The purpose of this article is to explore the application value of combined detection of abnormal sugar-chain glycoprotein (TAP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the risk estimation of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules of type IV and above based on deep learning medical images. In this paper, ultrasound thyroid images are used as the research content, and the active contour level set method is used as the segmentation basis, and a segmentation algorithm for thyroid nodules is proposed. This paper takes ultrasound thyroid images as the research content, uses the active contour level set method as the basis of segmentation, and proposes an image segmentation algorithm Fast-SegNet based on deep learning, which extends the network model that was mainly used for thyroid medical image segmentation to more scenarios of the segmentation task. From January 2019 to October 2020, 400 patients with thyroid nodules of type IV and above were selected for physical examination and screening at the Health Management Center of our hospital, and they were diagnosed as thyroid cancer by pathological examination of thyroid nodules under B-ultrasound positioning. The detection rates of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules of type IV and above are compared; serum TAP and CEA levels are detected; PT-PCR is used to detect TTF-1, PTEN, and NIS expression; the detection, missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis rate, and diagnostic efficiency of the three detection methods are compared. This article uses the thyroid nodule region segmented based on deep learning medical images and compares experiments with CV model, LBF model, and DRLSE model. The experimental results show that the segmentation overlap rate of this method is as high as 98.4%, indicating that the algorithm proposed in this paper can more accurately extract the thyroid nodule area.
Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae) Alleviates Working Memory Impairment and Restores Neurochemical Alterations in the Prefrontal Cortex of D-Galactose-Treated Rats
Authors: Kandeda Antoine K. , Nguedia Danide , Ayissi Espoir R. , Kouamouo Jonas , Dimo Théophile
Published: June 2021

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive cognitive dysfunction. However, pharmacological treatments are symptomatic and have many side effects, opening the opportunity to alternative medicine. This study investigated the antiamnesic effect of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus jujuba on D-galactose-induced working memory impairment in rats. Impairment of working memory was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of D-galactose (350 mg/kg/day) to rats for 21 days. These animals were then subjected to object recognition and Y-maze tests. Rats with confirmed memory impairment were treated per os (p.o.) with tacrine (10 mg/kg), aspirin (20 mg/kg, p.o.), extract (41.5, 83, and 166 mg/kg, p.o.), and distilled water (10 mL/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days. At the end of the treatments, alteration in working memory was assessed using the above paradigms. Afterward, these animals were euthanized, and cholinergic, proinflammatory, and neuronal damage markers were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex. Rats administered D-galactose and treated with distilled water had impaired working memory (evidenced by decreased time spent on the novel object and discrimination index) and decreased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze. D-galactose also decreased the levels of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and increased the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Treatment with the extract (166 mg/kg) reversed the time spent on the novel object and the discrimination index. It equally increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation. Neurochemical analysis revealed that the extract markedly alleviated acetylcholinesterase activity and neuroinflammation. These observations were corroborated by the reduction in neuronal loss. Taken together, these results suggest that Ziziphus jujuba aqueous extract possesses an antiamnesic effect. This effect seems to involve cholinergic and anti-inflammatory modulations. This, therefore, claims using this plant in the treatment of dementia in Cameroon subject to further studies and trials.
A 3D Free Vibration Analysis of the Horn‐Gear System through Chebyshev–Ritz Method in Ultrasonic Gear Honing
Authors: Li Yi , Lv Ming , Wang Shiying , Qin Huibin
Published: June 2021

Applying the ultrasonic machining in gear honing can improve honing speed, reduce cutting force, and avoid blocking. There are two problems leading to the decrease of calculation accuracy in the traditional nonresonant theory of the ultrasonic gear honing. One is that one‐dimensional longitudinal vibration theory and two‐dimensional theory cannot reflect the vibration characteristics of ultrasonic horn and gear comprehensively. And, the other one is that the difference of the analysis dimension between the two theories leads to mismatch of the coupling condition dimension between ultrasonic horn and gear. A free vibration analysis through Chebyshev–Ritz method based on three‐dimensional elasticity theory was presented to analyze the eigenfrequencies of the horn‐gear system in ultrasonic gear honing. In the method, the model of the horn‐gear system was divided into four parts: a solid circular plate, an annular plate, a solid cylinder, and a cone with hole. The eigenvalue equations were derived by using displacement coupling condition between each part under completely free boundary condition. It was found that the eigenfrequencies were highly convergent through convergence study. The hammering method for a modal experiment was used to test the horn‐gear systems’ eigenfrequencies. And, the finite element method was also applied to solve the eigenfrequencies. Through a comparative analysis of the frequencies obtained by these three methods, it showed that the results achieved by the Chebyshev–Ritz method were close to those obtained from the experiment and finite element method. Thus, it was feasible to use the Chebyshev–Ritz method to solve the eigenfrequencies of the horn‐gear system in ultrasonic gear honing.
Direct Laser-Driven Electron Acceleration and Energy Gain in Helical Beams
Authors: Molnár Etele , Stutman Dan
Published: June 2021

A detailed study of direct laser-driven electron acceleration in paraxial Laguerre–Gaussian modes corresponding to helical beams LG0m with azimuthal modes m = {1,2,3,4,5} is presented. Due to the difference between the ponderomotive force of the fundamental Gaussian beam LG00 and helical beams LG0m, we found that the optimal beam waist leading to the most energetic electrons at full width at half maximum is more than twice smaller for the latter and corresponds to a few wavelengths Δw0 = {6,11,19}λ0 for laser powers of P0 = {0.1, 1,10} PW. We also found that, for azimuthal modes m ≥ 3, the optimal waist should be smaller than Δw0 < 19λ0. Using these optimal values, we have observed that the average kinetic energy gain of electrons is about an order of magnitude larger in helical beams compared to the fundamental Gaussian beam. This average energy gain increases with the azimuthal index m leading to collimated electrons of a few 100 MeV energy in the direction of the laser propagation.
Improvement of the Dynamic Response of Robust Sliding Mode MPPT Controller-Based PSO Algorithm for PV Systems under Fast-Changing Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Djanssou Dieudonné Marcel , Dadjé Abdouramani , Tom Ahmat , Djongyang Noël
Published: June 2021

To get the maximum power point (MPP), the algorithms developed in the literature fail for the most part when the atmospheric conditions vary rapidly. This paper presents the optimization by the swarm particles (PSO) of a sliding mode controller (SMC) to optimize photovoltaic systems (PV) evolving under the conditions of a rapid variation of the sunshine. The stochastic PSO algorithm is used in particular to determine the optimal gains of the sliding mode controller, and this algorithm guarantees the stability and global fast convergence of the system. Efficiency of the proposed hybrid algorithm is proved by using a Solarex MSX-60 module connected to a step-up DC-DC converter supplying a resistive load. The performances are compared to the conventional perturb and observe technique (P&O), PSO, CUCKOO, grey wolf optimization (GWO), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) in terms of convergence speed, i.e., 0.05 s, tracking speed after extreme change in irradiance 0.03 s, high Ability to track large changes in power before 1 s. Simulation results show that this technique is effective in conditions of a rapid variation of the irradiance.