bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The kidney, subclinical thyroid disease and cardiovascular outcomes in older patients
Authors: Zijlstra L E , van Velzen D M , Simsek S , Mooijaart S P , van Buren M , Stott D J , Ford I , Jukema J W , Trompet S
Published: January 2020

Objective

Thyroid hormones have been implicated to play a role in cardiovascular disease, along with studies linking thyroid hormone to kidney function. The aim of this study is to investigate whether kidney function modifies the association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods

In total, 5804 patients were included in the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER). For the current analysis, 426 were excluded because of overt thyroid disease at baseline or 6 months, 266 because of inconsistent thyroid function at baseline and 6 months, 294 because of medication use that could influence thyroid function, and 16 because of missing kidney or thyroid values. Participants with normal fT4 were classified, based on TSH both at inclusion and 6 months, into three groups: subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH >4.5 mIU/L); euthyroidism (TSH = 0.45–4.5 mIU/L); and subclinical hyperthyroidism (TSH <0.45 mIU/L). Strata of kidney function were made based on estimated glomerular filtration rate into three clinically relevant groups: <45, 45–60, and >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The primary endpoint consists of death from coronary heart disease, non-fatal myocardial infarction and (non)fatal stroke.

Results

Mean age was 75.3 years, and 49.0% patients were male. Mean follow-up was 3.2 years. Of all participants, 109 subjects (2.2%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 4573 (94.0%) had euthyroidism, and 182 (3.7%) subclinical hyperthyroidism. For patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, euthyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism, primary outcome occurred in 9 (8.3%), 712 (15.6%), and 23 (12.6%) patients, respectively. No statistically significant relationship was found between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and primary endpoint with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.51 (0.24–1.07) comparing subclinical hyperthyroidism and 0.90 (0.58–1.39) comparing subclinical hypothyroidism with euthyroidism. Neither was this relationship present in any of the strata of kidney function, nor did kidney function interact with subclinical thyroid dysfunction in the association with primary endpoint (P interaction = 0.602 for subclinical hyperthyroidism and 0.388 for subclinical hypothyroidism).

Conclusions

In this secondary analysis from PROSPER, we found no evidence that the potential association between thyroid hormones and cardiovascular disease is modified by kidney function in older patients with subclinical thyroid dysfunction.
Generation and characterization of a mitotane-resistant adrenocortical cell line
Authors: Seidel Eric , Walenda Gudrun , Messerschmidt Clemens , Obermayer Benedikt , Peitzsch Mirko , Wallace Paal , Bahethi Rohini , Yoo Taekyeong , Choi Murim , Schrade Petra , Bachmann Sebastian , Liebisch Gerhard , Eisenhofer Graeme , Beule Dieter , Scholl Ute I
Published: January 2020

Mitotane is the only drug approved for the therapy of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Its clinical use is limited by the occurrence of relapse during therapy. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in vitro, we here generated mitotane-resistant cell lines. After long-term pulsed treatment of HAC-15 human adrenocortical carcinoma cells with 70 µM mitotane, we isolated monoclonal cell populations of treated cells and controls and assessed their respective mitotane sensitivities by MTT assay. We performed exome sequencing and electron microscopy, conducted gene expression microarray analysis and determined intracellular lipid concentrations in the presence and absence of mitotane. Clonal cell lines established after pulsed treatment were resistant to mitotane (IC50 of 102.2 ± 7.3 µM (n = 12) vs 39.4 ± 6.2 µM (n = 6) in controls (biological replicates, mean ± s.d., P = 0.0001)). Unlike nonresistant clones, resistant clones maintained normal mitochondrial and nucleolar morphology during mitotane treatment. Resistant clones largely shared structural and single nucleotide variants, suggesting a common cell of origin. Resistance depended, in part, on extracellular lipoproteins and was associated with alterations in intracellular lipid homeostasis, including levels of free cholesterol, as well as decreased steroid production. By gene expression analysis, resistant cells showed profound alterations in pathways including steroid metabolism and transport, apoptosis, cell growth and Wnt signaling. These studies establish an in vitro model of mitotane resistance in ACC and point to underlying molecular mechanisms. They may enable future studies to overcome resistance in vitro and improve ACC treatment in vivo.
Lymph node characteristics of 6279 N1 differentiated thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Sui C , He Q , Du R , Zhang D , Li F , Dionigi G , Liang N , Sun H
Published: January 2020

Purpose

This study examined the clinicopathological characteristics of 6279 N1 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who underwent operations in our center.

Methods

This was a retrospective longitudinal analysis. We categorized the DTC patients on the basis of various lymph node (LN) characteristics. Logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models were used for the correlation analysis.

Results

A total of 3693 (58.8%) N1a patients and 2586 (41.2%) N1b patients were included. Patients with N1b disease had larger metastatic foci (0.5 vs 0.15 cm), a greater number of metastatic LNs (5 vs 2), a greater number of dissected LNs (25 vs 7), and a smaller lymph node ratio (NR, number of positive LNs/number of sampled LNs) (23.1% vs 28.6%) than patients in stage N1a. Comparing the clinicopathological features, we found that male, increased tumor size, multifocality, and thyroiditis increased the risk of stage N1b disease (P < 0.05). Sex, multifocality, capsular infiltration, and tumor size were associated with the size of the metastatic LNs (P < 0.05). Sex, capsular infiltration, and nodular goiter were associated with the NR (P < 0.05). Female sex, tumor located in inferior lobe, maximal tumor diameter (MTD) < 1 cm, and nodular goiter were independent predictors for skip metastases (P < 0.05). MTD > 1 cm, central neck metastasis and age were independent predictors for bilateral lateral neck metastasis (BLNM) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The LN characteristics of stage N1a and N1b disease were associated with significantly different features, such as sex, tumor size, multifocality, capsular infiltration, and nodular goiter.
Coming undone: a case of annuloplasty ring suture degeneration post mitral valve repair leading to recurrent severe MR
Authors: Savage Patrick , Connolly Michael
Published: January 2020

Mitral valve repair is the gold standard treatment for degenerative mitral valve disease with superior perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality outcomes vs mitral valve replacement. The 10 year survival freedom from redo valve repair varies from 72 to 90%. Often, failure of valve repair necessitating redo surgery is directly related to disease progression; however, rarely it can be attributed to technical complications such as annuloplasty dehiscence, leaflet suture rupture, incorrect artificial chord length or incorrect annuloplasty position. We report one such case of severe mitral regurgitation secondary to a degenerative annuloplasty ring suture occurring 1 year post valve repair.
Dapagliflozin restores insulin and growth hormone secretion in obese mice
Authors: Huang Zhengxiang , Huang Lili , Wang Chengjian , Zhu Shanli , Qi Xinzhou , Chen Yang , Zhang Yanjun , Cowley Michael A , Veldhuis Johannes D , Chen Chen
Published: January 2020

The well-documented hormonal disturbance in a general obese population is characterised by an increase in insulin secretion and a decrease in growth hormone (GH) secretion. Such hormonal disturbance promotes an increase in fat mass, which deteriorates obesity and accelerates the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. While the pathological consequence is alarming, the pharmaceutical approach attempting to correct such hormonal disturbance remains limited. By applying an emerging anti-diabetic drug, the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks), to a hyperphagic obese mouse model, we observed a significant improvement in insulin and GH secretion as early as 4 weeks after the initiation of the treatment. Restoration of pathological disturbance of insulin and GH secretion reduced fat accumulation and preserved lean body mass in the obese animal model. Such phenotypic improvement followed with concurrent improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, as well as the expression of metabolic genes that were regulated by insulin and GH. In conclusion, 10 weeks of treatment with dapagliflozin effectively reduces hyperinsulinemia and restores pulsatile GH secretion in the hyperphagic obese mice with considerable improvement in lipid and glucose metabolism. Promising outcomes from this study may provide insights into drug intervention to correct hormonal disturbance in obesity to delay the diabetes progression.
Estrogen accelerates heart regeneration by promoting the inflammatory response in zebrafish
Authors: Xu Shisan , Xie Fangjing , Tian Li , Fallah Samane , Babaei Fatemeh , Manno Sinai H C , Manno Francis A M , Zhu Lina , Wong Kin Fung , Liang Yimin , Ramalingam Rajkumar , Sun Lei , Wang Xin , Plumb Robert , Gethings Lee , Lam Yun Wah , Cheng Shuk Han
Published: January 2020

Sexual differences have been observed in the onset and prognosis of human cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we found that zebrafish heart regeneration is faster in females, can be accelerated by estrogen and is suppressed by the estrogen-antagonist tamoxifen. Injuries to the zebrafish heart, but not other tissues, increased plasma estrogen levels and the expression of estrogen receptors, especially esr2a. The resulting endocrine disruption induces the expression of the female-specific protein vitellogenin in male zebrafish. Transcriptomic analyses suggested heart injuries triggered pronounced immune and inflammatory responses in females. These responses, previously shown to elicit heart regeneration, could be enhanced by estrogen treatment in males and reduced by tamoxifen in females. Furthermore, a prior exposure to estrogen preconditioned the zebrafish heart for an accelerated regeneration. Altogether, this study reveals that heart regeneration is modulated by an estrogen-inducible inflammatory response to cardiac injury. These findings elucidate a previously unknown layer of control in zebrafish heart regeneration and provide a new model system for the study of sexual differences in human cardiac repair.
تحفة الطالب المبتدي ومنحة السالك المهتدي (دراسة فيلولوجية)
Authors: فؤادي رحمان
Published: January 2020

تجريد اتخذّ الباحث ذلك الموضوع مادة دراسته العلمية في هذا البحث نظرا تأسيسا على أن تراث هو ما تملكه أمة من تاريخ عريق، وآثارها ومتقيناتها الثقافية قد تكون في صورة كتاب أو تمثال منحوت أو نقش على جدار أو مخطوطة، وهذه تحكي في صمت تاريخ وحياة أجيال هذه الأمة وتحتوي على أخبار ثمينة وتدلّ على الثقافة والحضارة. وتعتبر كل نسخة من المخطوطات القديم شاهدا على وجود الحضارة القديمة وهي تحكي حكاياتها وتسرّ أسرارها. وبالمعلوم أن الإسلام دين كريم يغيّر حضارة الشعوب على سلوكها وأخلاقها وعقيدتها، وكان انتشاره ناجحا بفضل التصوف لأنه يقف موقف التسامح للحضارة المحلّية. وفي مستهلّ القرن السابع عشر، كان تطوّر التصوّف في اندونيسيا يتّجه باتجاه فلسفي وجودي يتأثر بفلسفة ابن عربي الصوفية. وهذه التعاليم لها تأثيرات قوية حول المجتمع ولا ينقرض تطوّرها إلى اليوم. ومن هنا كان لهذا التراث أهمة كبرى وفوائد جمة في حياة الشعوب الطموحة التي تسعى إلى معرفة الحياة بحقائقها. فحدّد الباحث دراسته على النسخة المختارة التي تكون أساسا للتحقيق لأن وجد الباحث ثلاث نسخ لمخطوطة تحفة الطالب المبتدي ومنحة السالك المهتدي التي تحتوي على موضوع التصوّف الفلسفي، وهناك اختلافات بين تلك النسخ. ومن وجود هذه الاختلافات، كان تحديد النسخة التي ستكون أساسا للتحقيق يحتاج إلى مقارنة بين النسخ. ومن التعاليم في هذه النسخة يحتاج إلى كشف محتوياتها. فينهج الباحث في دراسته منهجا أساسيا وديبلوماتيكيا باستخراج المادات المناسبة بها من المراجع. والخلاصة من البحث من هذه الدراسة وجود النسخة المحقق من حيث الكتابة وتقديم محتويات النسخة الواضحة المنظّمة من القفرات لتسهيل فهم النسخة والتعاليم فيها.
Menjadi Juru Kunci Islam Nusantara: Peran Perpustakaan dalam Melestarikan Naskah Islam Nusantara
Authors: Hidayat Parhan
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Indonesia adalah negara dengan komunitas Muslim terbanyak di dunia. Corak keislaman di Indonesia juga memilik kekhasan tersendiri, yang berbeda dengan sumber aslinya di Timur Tengah. Salah satu cara memahami corak keislaman Indonesia adalah dengan mempelajari naskah-naskah Islam Nusantara yang tersebar di Indonesa, sampai ke negara-negara tetangga. Keberadaan naskah itu tentu menjadi kekayaan tak ternilai untuk bangsa kita, sehingga sangat perlu untuk dilestarikan. Perpustakaan sebagai lembaga yang berfungsi untuk mengumpulkan, mengelola, dan menyebarkan informasi, perannya dalam pelestarian naskah Islam Nusantara sudah pasti sangat diperlukan. Perpustakaan bahkan dapat menjadikan kekayaan naskah Islam Nusantara tersebut sebagai strategi branding untuk bersaing dengan perpustakaan lainnya. Selain mengumpulkan informasi tentang naskah, mengolah dan menyebarkan informasi tentang naskah Islam Nusantara, perpustakaan juga harus memiliki pustakawan-pustakawan yang handal dan mumpuni dalam melestarikan naskah Islam Nusantara. Keberadaan Database Sumber Primer Islam Nusantara yang nantinya akan diintegrasikan dengan sistem otomasi di perpustakaan Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora (FAH) UIN Jakarta, akan menjadikan perpustakaan FAH sebagai perpustakaan yang memiliki distingsi dan keunggulan tersendiri dibanding perpustakaan lainnya.---Abstract Indonesia is the country with the largest Muslim community in the world. Islamic pattern in Indonesia also picks its own peculiarities, which is different from the original source in the Middle East. One way to understand the Indonesian Islamic style is by studying Islamic texts of archipelago scattered Indonesa, even to neighboring countries. The existence of the manuscript that will become invaluable wealth for our nation needs to be preserved. The library as an institution whose function is to collect, manage, and disseminate information, its role in the preservation of Islamic manuscripts archipelago is definitely indispensable. Libraries can even make the wealth of the archipelago of Islamic texts as a branding strategy to compete with other libraries. In addition to collecting information about the script, process and disseminate information on Islam Nusantara manuscripts, the library must also have librarians who are reliable and qualified in preserving texts of Islam Nusantara.  The existenceof primary source databases of Islam Nusantara which will be integrated into the automation system in the library of the Faculty of Adab and Humanities (FAH) UIN Jakarta, will make FAH library as a library that has its own distinctions and advantages compared to other libraries.
Hibriditas Kolonial Dan Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Pada Novelet Dorodasih Karya Imam Budhi Santosa
Authors: Widyaningrum Riska Dewi
Published: January 2020

Abstract This study aims to (1) describe and explain the colonial hybridity Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, and (2) to describe the value of character education at Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to describe the hybridity and the educational value of the character in the novella Dorodasih of Imam Budhi Santosa. The data in this study of words, phrases, sentences contained in Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, published by Reader Literature LKIS Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques used in this study is a non-interactive technique. Mechanical noninteractive done by intensive reading of the novella and make record actively with content analysis. The validity of the data used to use data triangulation to collect the same data. In a sense the same or similar data will be valid truth when used several different data sources. The conclusions from the results of this study as follows: (1) the existence of the colonial hybridity Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, and (2) the value of character education that existed at novelet Dorodasih is hard work.---Abstract This study aims to (1) describe and explain the colonial hybridity Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, and (2) to describe the value of character education at Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to describe the hybridity and the educational value of the character in the novella Dorodasih of Imam Budhi Santosa. The data in this study of words, phrases, sentences contained in Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, published by Reader Literature LKIS Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques used in this study is a non-interactive technique. Mechanical noninteractive done by intensive reading of the novella and make record actively with content analysis. The validity of the data used to use data triangulation to collect the same data. In a sense the same or similar data will be valid truth when used several different data sources. The conclusions from the results of this study as follows: (1) the existence of the colonial hybridity Dorodasih novella by Imam Budhi Santosa, and (2) the value of character education that existed at novelet Dorodasih is hard work. DOI: 10.15408/al-turas.v23i1.4802
Planejamento urbano, ideologia positivista e cidades mais justas. O caso do Brasil
Authors: Burnett Frederico Lago
Published: January 2020

Este artigo discute as influências da ideologia positivista no planejamento urbano e suas consequências sobre o movimento da reforma urbana que, desde a redemocratização do Brasil, defende a bandeira do direito à cidade. Entendendo o positivismo como ideologia da ordem burguesa, profundamente enraizada no Estado moderno brasileiro, este texto acompanha sua interiorização pela burocracia estatal na década de 1930, a posterior absorção pelos planejadores urbanos desenvolvimentistas nos anos 1950 e 1960 e a captura das estratégias da Frente Nacional da Reforma Urbana em luta por cidades mais justas no país. Vinculado à gestão do Partido dos Trabalhadores, a institucionalização de procedimentos participativos e negociações oficiais tornam-se vias prioritárias para alcançar uma difusa e abstrata função social da cidade, distanciando o Movimento das lutas populares e impossibilitando-o de alcançar autonomia política. Incapaz de reagir à política de conciliação, submete suas bandeiras ao desenvolvimento capitalista, agravando desigualdades socioespaciais e contribuindo para a crise das cidades, contexto que leva a luta urbana ao impasse e exige reflexão e autocrítica.
Parcerias intersetoriais estratégicas para o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável: proposição de um modelo conceitual
Authors: Abulatif Lisandro , De Souza Silva André , Colusso Izabele
Published: January 2020

Esta pesquisa propõe-se a analisar as possibilidades de relações entre as teorias de liderança estratégica e as parcerias intersetoriais aplicadas no contexto da sustentabilidade urbana. As temáticas pesquisadas são sintetizadas em forma de princípios gerais, criando um modelo conceitual que fornece temas-chave e que subsidia lideranças urbanas para que atuem na temática da sustentabilidade como articuladores entre os setores público e privado e sociedade civil. Procedeu-se à revisão de literatura dos temas de sustentabilidade urbana, parcerias intersetoriais, liderança e abordagem estratégica. Com essa pesquisa, identificou-se que parcerias intersetoriais organizadas de forma estratégica podem contribuir significativamente para que as cidades obtenham êxito na inserção da temática da sustentabilidade urbana em suas práticas de desenvolvimento. É possível inferir que o modelo proposto pode ser aplicado tanto em cidades brasileiras quanto na comunidade internacional para a promoção do desenvolvimento urbano sustentável.
La ex Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA). Arquitectura y memoria
Authors: Larralde Armas Florencia
Published: January 2020

El artículo estudia la reconversión del predio del ex Centro Clandestino de Detención de la Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA) en sitio de memoria, a través del análisis del proceso de renovación urbana originado tras la puesta en marcha de distintas políticas de memoria, realizadas por la gestión conjunta entre organismos de derechos humanos y estamentos del Estado. En la intervención arquitectónica, se dan políticas de conservación y transformación material del predio que promueven diferentes formas de uso, apropiación, significación y memorialización. Nuestro estudio propone una perspectiva espacial del lugar, para lo cual realizamos un análisis de las condiciones urbanísticas y arquitectónicas en tanto cimientos de las políticas de memoria que allí se realizan.
Las fronteras del habitar en el espacio urbano. Prácticas de apropiación
Authors: Pelli María Bernabela
Published: January 2020

Habitar un territorio urbano se entiende, por un lado, como la capacidad que tienen los distintos actores de apropiarse del espacio y, por otro, como la relación entre el espacio físico, las prácticas que se desarrollan en él y las significaciones que se generan sobre las prácticas y materialidades. Dichas materialidades son emergentes tangibles y/o simbólicos de las diferentes maneras de apropiación y disputa por el territorio, donde las relaciones de poder prevalecen y refuerzan las desigualdades entre los distintos sectores sociales. Estas establecen fronteras que delimitan y hacen evidentes los conflictos y las múltiples territorialidades existentes, fenómeno que imprime características particulares a la configuración de la ciudad actual. En el artículo se indaga sobre la materialidad de las fronteras del habitar y sus consecuencias en la configuración del área urbana denominada Chaco Golf Club, en la ciudad de Resistencia, Argentina, con el fin pensar y desarrollar estrategias posibles de mitigación de los conflictos urbanos actuales.
La representación urbanística de los espacios informales. Las villas miseria de Buenos Aires (1947-1965)
Authors: Elinbaum Pablo , Massidda Adriana
Published: January 2020

En este artículo nos proponemos redefinir los espacios informales a partir del análisis de las representaciones cartográficas que producen los urbanistas. Con este fin, nos apoyamos en la revisión de tres episodios clave del planeamiento urbano de la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) desarrollados en el período de posguerra. Más que indagar en el contenido o en el contexto de los planes, nos centramos en los efectos de transparencia que producen sus documentos gráficos, para mostrar cómo la racionalidad técnica y los objetivos políticos se estructuran mutuamente, estabilizando un tipo de conocimiento específico sobre los espacios informales. Estos espacios, más allá de las definiciones legales y sociológicas, al estar filtrados por la normatividad modernista, se explican a partir de nociones como lo transitorio, lo omitido y lo prospectivo. Además de contribuir a la teoría crítica sobre la práctica urbanística, el artículo es un aporte a los marcos de investigación de los estudios urbanos y de la informalidad urbana.
La calidad como objetivo. Propuesta metodológica
Authors: Uribe Tami Maria Fernanda
Published: January 2020

El deterioro de la calidad del espacio residencial destinado a la población de bajos ingresos en las principales ciudades de Colombia lleva a reflexionar sobre las lógicas de configuración que se producen en dicho territorio y su forma de evaluación. La naturaleza del modelo de ciudad implantado, su forma de produccióny ocupación de la tierra ha generado un escenario de necesidad, deficiencia y fragmentación. Una mirada analítica sobre los factores que determinan dicha calidad permite aproximarse a una metodología de medición sobre las condiciones de esos territorios.El objetivo es desarrollar un instrumento técnico que haga posible identificar de manera objetiva los aspectos formales de la vivienda y su entorno asociados a la habitabilidad. Para ello se explora un conjunto de indicadores basado en instrumentos legales, jurídicose iniciativas de medición de carácter nacional e internacional sobre las condiciones de calidad del entorno habitacional. La propuesta concluye con una labor compleja de limitar el término mismo de calidad a nivel urbano y formular el conjunto de parámetros que la definen.
El acceso al agua en asentamientos informales. El caso de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Ojeda Ledesma Lautaro , Rodriguez Torrent Juan Carlos , Mansilla Quiñones Pablo , Pino Vásquez Andrea
Published: January 2020

En el Sur Global, el hábitat informal se ha vuelto un modo de desarrollo urbano que se enfrenta en diversas dimensiones a los modelos de desarrollo de los gobiernos locales. El presente artículo analiza los problemas asociados a la inexistencia de cobertura de agua potable, alcantarillado, red seca y colectores de aguas lluvias en los asentamientos informales de la ciudad de Valparaíso, Chile, carencia infraestructural generada, en parte, por la privatización del agua dentro del modelo neoliberal chileno a partir de la década de 1980. Para ello, se realizó un análisis espacial que contrastó información obtenida de diversos relevamientos ortofotogramétricos mediante un dispositivo R.P.A.S (dron), con datos censal de propiedad de suelo y cifras de la cobertura de agua de las empresas privadas. Los resultados revelaron que la ausencia de infraestructura hídrica de la Zona de Interfaz Urbano Forestal (ZIUF) en la que se localizan la mayoría de los asentamientos informales de Valparaíso genera un acceso desigual al agua que mantiene y refuerza las condiciones de exclusión y segregación socioespacial de los mismos.
Lectura espacial del Derecho a la Ciudad. El caso de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Peñafiel-Mora Marcela , Peralta-Peñaloza Cristina , Salazar-Guamán Ximena
Published: January 2020

Existen reflexiones importantes que abordan el derecho a la ciudad en términos conceptuales, con pocas lecturas espaciales y generalmente centradas en espacios formalmente reconocidos como urbanos. El presente trabajo expone la construcción de una metodología que interpreta espacialmente el derecho a la ciudad comparando la situación del área urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador, con su conurbación. Se concluye que el análisis espacial permite determinar aquellos componentes de la estructura urbana que requieren atención particular en un proceso de intervención en la ciudad, con miras al cumplimiento de los derechos de la población.
DESARROLLO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE CALIBRACIÓN DE TERMÓMETROS CLÍNICOS INFRARROJOS DE OÍDO
Authors: Bohórquez Andrés J. , Sánchez Ciro A. , Carvajal Sergio A. , Vargas Nelson D.
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo se presenta el proceso de construcción e implementación de un sistema de calibración de termómetros clínicos de oído en el Laboratorio de Temperatura y Humedad del Grupo de Área Técnica 3 de la Subdirección de Metrología Física del Instituto Nacional de Metrología de Colombia, INM, usando una cavidad de cuerpo negro y un termómetro de contacto como patrones de medida. Como parte de la implementación y evaluación de la reproducibilidad del método de medición se diseñó un experimento basado en 54 mediciones independientes llevadas a cabo por tres operarios diferente a tres temperaturas (35 °C, 37 °C y 40 °C), con 6 réplicas por cada nivel. El análisis estadístico de las medias reveló una fuerte dependencia de la corrección en función de la temperatura, mientras que entre operarios no se evidenció una diferencia significativa, lo cual permitió concluir que el método implementado es reproducible. La incertidumbre de medición del sistema de medición fue de ± 0.14 °C, éste valor puede ser disminuido empleando un termómetro de referencia de mejor incertidumbre instrumental.
LEVITATION AND SUSPENSION FORCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR HIGH TC SUPERCONDUCTORS
Authors: Rojas Juan D. , Arias Diego A. , Mariño Alvaro
Published: January 2020

The interaction forces, attraction (suspension) and repulsion (levitation) between a permanent magnet and diferent bulk Yttrium-based superconductors were carried out with an automatic system developed in our group, which is reproducible, reliable and low cost. Two superconducting samples of YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) prepared by solid-state reaction method (S) and by the melt-textured growth method (MTG) were used. Both samples were characterized by XRD technique and presented the characteristic peaks and intensity relations of the YBCO-123 superconducting phase. Oxygen deficiencies δ > 0,15 and δ < 0,10 for the S and MTG samples respectively, were observed. Both samples displayed diferent hysteresis behavior in the Force (F) vs. Distance (z) measurements when they were field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC). This behavior agrees with hysteresis loops observed in magnetization measurements. Both levitation and suspension phenomena were observed in the MTG sample with large hysteresis loops of the force. On the contrary, the S sample with small hysteresis loops did not show a suspension force, only displayed a slight levitation force.
The Political Factors that affect Contemporary Art in the Arab world, Descriptive Analytical Study
Authors: Bani Salameh Mohammad Ahmad. , Rafee Yakup Mohd. , Al Smadi Tamara Adnan.
Published: January 2020

This paper examining the determine the political factors that affect contemporary art in the Arab world. through what the Arabic artworks (study sample) contained ideas, there was internal and external political factors that affect contemporary Arabic art. the researcher will extract these factors by evaluating the findings made in respect to the political factors (internal and external) that influence the selected artworks (sample study). This step also includes the drawn conclusions in respect to the political factors (internal and external) that cause these political situations in the Arab world. The study sample contained seven Arabic contemporary installation artworks from 2010-2015 to determine the political factors that affect contemporary art in the Arab world.  The findings were list combines the external and internal political factors that influence contemporary Arabic art in general because these factors include all the political factors and its comprehensive and appeared in contemporary Arabic artworks.
Validation of NRTK measurements with MAC solution in NadowskiNet active geodetic network
Authors: Kudas Dawid , Wnęk Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The paper presents an analysis of the accuracy in determining the position of a point using Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK) method, which applies the MAC solution based on the active network of NadowskiNet reference stations. The object of the study was a 24-hour time series of point coordinates registered with a 30-second recording interval. The collected data were compared with the catalog coordinates of the point. The average values of the mean square errors of X, Y and h coordinates were determined, and their random nature was verified. An analysis was carried out in order to establish whether the distribution of errors obtained remains normal for parameters sufficiently close to the theoretical parameters.
Modelling of a heritage property using a variety of photogrammetric methods
Authors: Kwoczyńska Bogusława
Published: January 2020

In recent years, 3D modelling of historic heritage properties is most often based on photogrammetric measurements. Data on such properties can be obtained, however, by a variety of entirely different methods.
This publication presents an example of developing a 3D model of a historic heritage building using two photogrammetric methods. The first one was based on photographs taken with a nonmetric camera, and the second one was based on data from terrestrial laser scanning.
The object of the study was the Museum of the Estreicher Family in Krakow. The photos were obtained with a Canon EOS 400D DSLR camera and a cloud of points from terrestrial laser scanning with a Leica ScanStation P40 scanner. The development of the 3D model based on photographs was carried out using the Bentley ContextCapture software application, and the Agisoft PhotoScan Professional. In contrast, TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) data was processed in the Leica Cyclone software application and modelled in the 3DReshaper. Both methods were analysed and compared in a tabular presentation.
Map charts: visualisation of statistical data on a background map – case study
Authors: Król Karol
Published: January 2020

Data visualizations take a variety of forms, from classic bar charts to three-dimensional presentations on globe maps. The purpose of this paper is a comparative analysis of selected techniques for visualizing statistical data on a background map. The exploratory tests were carried out to study the design possibilities of three software tools: Visualization: GeoChart, GIS and JavaScript and 3D Maps (MS Office), as well as the functionality and usability of applications created with them. In addition, selected technical attributes of the applications were measured, including the size and number of component files, loading time in the web browser window, as well as performance. It has been shown that the tested tools are predisposed to create data visualizations on administrative maps, that they have different design possibilities, that they differ in the degree of service advancement, and that they can also be useful in creating small visualizations, so-called “ad-hoc map”.
Silting forecast of the planned retention reservoirs within the drainage system in Łączany
Authors: Michalec Bogusław , Strutyński Mateusz
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the concept for the location of two dry water reservoirs designed to retain water led through the main ditch (R) of the drainage system in Łączany. The purpose of the work is to develop a forecast for the reduction in the capacity of planned dry water reservoirs. Planned water reservoirs will allow increasing flood protection of drained areas. Based on geodetic measurements in the selected locations, the capacity of planned dry reservoirs was determined, amounting to 4.08 and 115.49 thousand m3, respectively for the U reservoir formed from the flood relief channel, and the R reservoir, located in the lower course of the R ditch. According to the developed forecast, applying the Gončarov formula, the U reservoir would be 50% silted after 134 years, and the R reservoir would be 50% silted after 149 years. The forecast has been prepared using the method recommended by the guidelines, i.e. it was developed as for reservoirs with constant water damming (accumulation). TE values determined using the Churchill method were adopted in the silting forecast. The estimated forecast indicates a long service life of the reservoirs without the need for their desilting. However, the development of a detailed forecast would require a modification of the calculation methodology, taking into account the determination of the capacity of water reservoirs to retain bed load, typical of dry water reservoirs. In the absence of the method, determination of the service life cycle of water reservoirs can be developed as an estimate.
3D modelling of the territory of the Ukrainian antarctic station “Academician Vernadsky” based on large-scale topographical research
Authors: Mikołajowicz Hlotov Volodymyr , Pariichuk Yulia
Published: January 2020

A number of software products that provide the possibility of 3D modelling are analysed. As a result of the analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of each of those were identified and the optimum product for research implementation was selected. Also, a 3D model of the large-scale topographical map of the Ukrainian Antarctic station “Academician Vernadsky” was developed with the aid of Surfer software application.
Attempted assessment of the collaboration between cooperative banking sector and the state administration and local self-government institutions in Poland
Authors: Gniewek Józefa
Published: January 2020

In this study, general financial characteristics of the cooperative banking sector in Poland in the years 2010–2018 were discussed, presenting the most important balance sheet data and profit and loss statement information. The focus was also on the analysis and assessment of the importance of state government and local self-government institutions (general government institutions) for cooperative and affiliating banks. An attempt was made to establish the relationship between the receivables of state government and local self-government institutions and the liabilities of these institutions, versus debt and capital instruments broken down into cooperative banks, affiliating banks, and the entire sector.
As a result of the conducted research, it was found that cooperative banks constitute the core of the cooperative banking sector, and that they achieve a better and more stable net financial result; moreover, they systematically increase their balance sheet total – even faster than commercial banks – as well as increasing the size and quality of receivables and maintaining good level of liabilities. Central and local government institutions, although they do not show a large share in the discussed financial figures in the cooperative banking sector, nevertheless play an important role primarily in cooperative banks, but also in affiliating banks.
Práticas e crenças maternas sobre cuidado e estimulação de bebês prematuros e a termo
Authors: Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim , Camila de Campos Bárbara , Martins Jussânia Moraes , Padovani Flávia Helena Pereira
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever e comparar práticas parentais e crenças sobre desenvolvimento de 23 mães de bebês nascidos prematuros de muito baixo peso e de 23 mães de bebês nascidos a termo. Os dados sociodemográficos foram coletado em uma entrevista inicial e foi aplicada a "Escala de crenças parentais e práticas de cuidado na primeira infância" (E-CPPC). Os dados obtidos indicaram que na dimensão Cuidados Primários não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos quanto às práticas, mas houve diferenças considerando as crenças. Para a dimensão Estimulação, as mães de bebês prematuros a realizam em maior frequência do que as mães dos bebês a termo, mas acham menos importante fazê-las. Ou seja, mostram-se informadas a respeito de cuidado e estimulação e como fazê-la, entretanto, parece que não entenderam a sua importância. Os dados sugerem que no serviço de intervenção precoce aprendem a estimular seu bebê, mas não porque fazê-lo.
Tratamento Gravado em Vídeo Diretamente Observado: uma ferramenta possível em saúde mental
Authors: Azevedo Rodrigo Mauro Lacerda , Braga Rodrigo De Santana Geraldo , Cortes Helena Moraes , Pinho Paula Hayasi
Published: January 2020

Descreve-se a experiência da utilização do Tratamento Gravado em Vídeo Diretamente Observado com uma usuária de um serviço público de saúde mental, em uma cidade do Recôncavo da Bahia. Os vídeos foram enviados por Serviço de Mensagens Multimídia (SMS). Tal técnica foi decisiva, para que uma usuária do serviço de saúde mental fizesse uso diariamente, de suas medicações sem qualquer falha, o que possibilitou uma rápida melhora de sua produção delirante. Sugere-se que a introdução das gravações diretamente observadas no período agudo dos quadros de transtornos mentais graves poderia favorecer um melhor desfecho terapêutico, pois pode trazer a segurança do correto uso das medicações nestes momentos.
Rumo aos 40 anos de entrevista motivacional: evolução da abordagem
Authors: Serebrenic Flavia , Lima Danielle Ruiz
Published: January 2020

Introdução: A Entrevista Motivacional (EM) é uma abordagem pautada na empatia, na escuta reflexiva e na resolução da ambivalência para auxiliar no processo de mudança. Desde sua criação, foram realizadas revisões teóricas importantes com o objetivo de aprimorar o método e melhor adequá-lo às diferentes demandas, porém a literatura no Brasil ainda encontra-se desatualizada. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão não-sistemática da literatura sobre a EM buscando sintetizar e apresentar as principais mudanças teóricas realizadas. Resultados e Discussão: Os princípios centrais e as fases da mudança foram algumas das reformulações propostas, que agora melhor refletem a complexidade do processo e oferecem diretrizes mais estruturadas para direcionar o trabalho do terapeuta, esclarecendo também alguns dos conceitos originais. Conclusões: Considerando o aumento da utilidade da EM nos diversos contextos e as mudanças realizadas ao longo dessas últimas décadas, acredita-se que esta atualização favorecerá o ensino, pesquisa e a prática da EM no país.
The Pilgrim’s Progress (“O Peregrino”), de John Bunyan, e a Bíblia
Authors: Filho José Adriano
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo analisa a presença da Bíblia no livro The Pilgrim’s Progress (Londres, 1678), uma narrativa alegórica de peregrinação cujas personagens caminham através da narrativa da Sagrada Escritura. Seu autor, John Bunyan, baseia sua fé no poder transformador da história que criou, devido a sua fé no poder transformador da história narrada na Bíblia. The Pilgrim’s Progress é uma narrativa de uma jornada num mundo criado por palavras e histórias. Cristão, o protagonista, precisa discernir os sinais à sua volta, narrar sua própria história corretamente e seu relato conduz os personagens que o seguem em sua jornada. O livro é um relato simbólico das várias etapas, dos avanços e das retrogressões, das vitórias e das quedas que caracterizam o caminho percorrido em busca da salvação.
“Grandes olhos negros”: o ícone literário da princesa fenícia ’Îzebel na corte israelita do século IX A.E.C. nos contextos das linguagens culturais levantinas
Authors: Santos João Batista Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar – no contexto dos usos de testemunhos artefactuais e literários, resultados da difusão de saberes políticos e cúlticos – a iconização literária da princesa fenícia ’Îzebel, compilada na historiografia israelita. A agente cultural é a princesa fenícia e o nosso artefato são as camadas literárias de 2Reis 9, com datação entre os séculos VIII e IV A.E.C., ambientadas, inicialmente, nos contextos dos conflitos políticos no sul do Levante na segunda metade do século IX A.E.C. e, posteriormente, nos conflitos culturais do judaísmo antigo – um sinal indiciário da mudança de critério no julgamento de ’Îzebel. O julgamento, motivado pelo assassinato de um camponês, findou-se com uma condenação baseada na acusação de promover a patrono real o deus tutelar de Tiro (Șūr) Melqart. A nossa hipótese é que as interações culturais provocaram a reação de camponeses, cuja liderança apoiou a tomada de poder por parte do militar de origem rural Jehu. Contextualizaremos a narração historiográfica que compôs a imagem de ’Îzebel com as culturas iconográficas levantinas.
Opportunities and challenges for seasonal climate forecasts to more effectively assist smallholder farming decisions
Authors: Chisadza Bright , Mushunje Abbyssinia , Nhundu Kenneth , Phiri Ethel E.
Published: January 2020

The ability of smallholder farmers to utilise seasonal climate forecast (SCF) information in farm planning to reflect anticipated climate is a precursor to improved farm management. However, the integration of SCF by smallholder farmers into farm planning has been poor, partly because of the lack of forecast skill, lack of communication and inability to see the relevance of the SCFs for specific farming decisions. The relevance of seasonal climate forecasting in farming decisions can be enhanced through improved understanding of SCF from the smallholder farmers’ perspective. Studies that have been done of how smallholder farmers understand SCF and how the available SCFs influence smallholder farmers’ decisions are limited. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to review how smallholder farmers make decisions on farming practices based on SCFs and the challenges and opportunities thereof. The review shows that the majority of smallholder farmers in Africa make use of either scientific or indigenous knowledge climate forecasts and, in some cases, a combination of both. There are mixed results in the area of evaluating benefits of SCFs in decision-making and farm production. In some cases, the outcomes are positive, whereas in others they are difficult to quantify. Thus, the integration of SCFs into smallholder farmers’ decision-making is still a challenge. We recommend that significant work must be done to improve climate forecasts in terms of format, and spatial and temporal context in order for them to be more useful in influencing decision-making by smallholder farmers.

Significance:

At the farm level, making the right decisions at the right time is rendered even more difficult in light of the increasing frequency of extreme weather patterns.

The threat of climate change makes accurate seasonal climate forecasting essential for African smallholder farmers.

Technological, social and interdisciplinary issues, communication and scale are some key challenges which impact the utility and uptake of SCFs in rural smallholder farms.

The integration of both scientific and indigenous knowledge forecasts is an opportunity for further exploration.
Detailed palaeomagnetic record at Rose Cottage Cave, South Africa: Implications for the Holocene geomagnetic field behaviour and chronostratigraphy
Authors: Nami Hugo G. , Vasquez Carlos A. , Wadley Lyn , De la Peña Paloma
Published: January 2020

Palaeomagnetic data from a sedimentary section spanning the Holocene and terminal Pleistocene (~13 kya) from Rose Cottage Cave, eastern Free State (South Africa), are reported. The palaeomagnetic analysis took into account rock magnetism and directional analysis. The former reveals that most samples show stable single domain and superparamagnetic particles of Ti-poor magnetite and haematite. Natural remanent magnetisation directions were determined by progressive alternating field demagnetisation methodology. Directional analysis shows normal directions between samples 18 to 39 and 85 to 92; however, during the Early and Late Holocene in samples principally from RC40 to 84 ‘anomalous’ directions occurred. There is a significant westward shift in declination of ~80°, and a conspicuous fluctuating inclination in the lower part of the section during the Early Holocene at ≥9.5 kya and before ~12.0/13.0 kya. This palaeomagnetic record might become a chronostratigraphical marker for latest Pleistocene/Holocene sedimentary deposits in South Africa. Our two new accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates for the sampled deposit are 9500±50 BP and 1115±30 BP.
Significance

The study provides new accelerator mass spectrometry dates on the chronological sequence existing in Rose Cottage Cave.
The findings contribute to the knowledge of the geomagnetic field behaviour since the terminal Pleistocene to the Late Holocene in a period spanning the last 13 000/12 000 years.
This palaeomagnetic record might become a chronostratigraphical marker for the latest Pleistocene/ Holocene sedimentary deposits in South Africa.