bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UM MODELO DISCRETO PARA DISPERSÃO DE JAVALIS Sus scrofa
Authors: Marques Joice Chaves , Mistro Diomar Cristina
Published: October 2021

Presente em diversos países e nativo da Europa, o javali (Sus scrofa), tem causado sérios danos econômicos. Diante disso, órgãos públicos discutem sobre medidas possíveis e viáveis que controlem o crescimento dessa espécie no Brasil. Neste trabalho vamos propor um modelo matemático visando descrever a dinâmica espaço-temporal dos javalis a partir da introdução em um novo habitat. Usando um modelo estruturado por idade, discreto no tempo e no espaço, analisamos o crescimento e movimentação desses indivíduos em ambientes com diferentes disponibilidade de recursos. Para tal modelo usamos Rede de Mapas Acoplados (RMA) na qual supomos que a dinâmica da população ocorre em dois estágios: um estágio sedentário e um estágio de dispersão. Para a fase de dispersão consideramos os principais aspectos que influenciam a movimentação dos javalis (água, alimento e abrigo). Como esses fatores variam muito em regiões que as estações são bem definidas e com o objetivo de analisarmos essa variação propomos dois diferentes núcleos de redistribuição. Observamos que as populações totais mais numerosas correspondem ao núcleo de redistribuição com taxia.
ESTUDO DA APLICAÇÃO DA EQUAÇÃO DE ORR-SOMMERFELD NA ESTABILIDADE HIDRODINÂMICA DA CAMADA LIMITE SOBRE PLACAS PLANAS
Authors: Mendes Daiane da Silva , Siebert Diogo Nardelli , Malatesta Vinicius
Published: October 2021

O estudo sobre os tipos de escoamentos iniciou-se em 1883, através do experimento em tubos, por Osborne Reynolds, no qual, duas regiões foram claramente identificadas: laminar e turbulenta. Entre estas, há uma região conhecida como transição, que é caracterizada pelo surgimento das primeiras perturbações. Algumas destas podem assumir perfis definidos na natureza, por exemplo, a instabilidade de Tollmien-Schlichting, que é o modo mais instável da equação de Orr-Sommerfeld e comumente surge na transição da camada limite em asas de aeronaves. A permanência na região de transição pode trazer benefícios, como redução do arrasto total em superfícies aeronáuticas e aumento da performance de combustão em aeronaves supersônicas. Neste trabalho, apresentar-se-á, a solução numérica da equação de Orr-Sommerfeld aplicada à camada limite de um escoamento sobre placa plana, através de um código desenvolvido em linguagem Python. Como resultados, obteve-se as curvas de estabilidade que permitiram identificar o número de Reynolds em que a transição inicia, bem como, os parâmetros e autovalor da equação de Orr-Sommerfeld que tornam o escoamento estável, instável ou em estabilidade neutra.
MODELING OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF A 1D, LINEAR AND MICROPERIODIC COMPOSITE, WITH FAILURE, VIA THE ASYMPTOTIC HOMOGENIZATION METHOD
Authors: Décio Jr R. M. S. , Pérez-Fernández L. D. , Bravo-Castillero J.
Published: October 2021

In this paper the Asymptotic Homogenization Method is combined with a model of Hyperelasticity with softening (which models the mechanical failure of the material), with the purpose of estimating the mechanical behaviour of microperiodic composites in the way to reproduces better the behaviour obtained in experiments. This hybrid approach brings some satisfactory results, showing that the (hypothetical) composite studied presents effective behaviour very close to the expected from the Hyperelasticity model. That is a very important fact because can be used as a tool to predict the failure of composite materials, trough its constituent materials information. This evaluating needs more steps, to be possible much bigger and strong conclusions.
USE OF A EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM TO OPTIMIZE INTERPLANETARY TRANSFERS
Authors: Neves Guilherme Marcos , Santos Denilson Paulo Souza dos
Published: October 2021

In this paper, it was studied the optimization of the cost of interplanetary missions with emphasis on reducing fuel consumption. To achieve this goal, a genetic algorithm was implemented to optimize the total impulse of orbital transfer. It was implemented a case of sending a space vehicle from Earth to a another planet using a gravity assist maneuver (swing by), in this paper it was chose sending a spacecraft from Earth to Mars with a close approach to the Venus. The method employed can be used for impulsive interplanetary missions in general, and so the solution found can become an initial solution for numerical methods of optimization of low thrust maneuvers.
Ortaokul Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Uzaktan Eğitim Matematik Dersine İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: TİCAN Canses , TOKSOY GÖKOĞLU Selda Derya
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitim matematik dersine ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemine göre tasarlanmıştır. Nitel araştırmalar, belli bir stratejiye dayalı olan desenlere göre yürütülür. Bu araştırmada olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Maksimum çeşitlilik ise kıdem, cinsiyet, öğrenim durumu ve uzaktan eğitime yönelik hizmet içi eğitim alma kriterlerine göre sağlanmıştır. Buna göre, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığında çalışmakta olan 10 ortaokul matematik öğretmeni araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formlarından elde edilen veriler nitel veri çözümleme yöntemlerinden içerik analizi yoluyla çözümlenmiştir. Ortaokul matematik öğretmenleri uzaktan eğitim matematik dersinde, öğrencilerin internet erişiminin olmaması, öğrencilerin teknolojik araçlara (bilgisayar, tablet, akıllı telefon) sahip olmaması, internet altyapı sorunu ve öğrenci devamsızlığı problemleriyle karşılaştıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Matematik öğretmenleri öğrenci-öğrenci etkileşiminin kısıtlı olduğunu, öğretim programındaki kazanımlara yeterince erişilmediğini ve uzaktan eğitim matematik dersinin yararlı olmadığını ifade etmişlerdir. Öğrencilere ek kaynaklar ve materyal verilmesi, öğrencilerin internetinin yeterli olmasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunmuşlardır.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economy Transformation in Conditions of Restrictions and Uncertainty
Authors: Barinova N. V.
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed life of people all over the world. The economic situation has become unique in new history. When restrictive measures were introduced economy in the majority of countries functioned according to the temporary economic model. The article studies key economic figures characterizing the economic situation during the first wave of the pandemic, as well as changes in customer behavior of people connected with restrictive measures. The author supports the opinion of some researchers that leaders of many states should pay serious attention to the development of economy of disasters, as COVID-19 pandemic is a real disaster. In this connection the most important aspects of state policy should include: provision of the overall country security and safe life in the critical situation, the development of international public health services and information systems based on network on-line platforms, industry 4.0 and artificial intellect. Proposals were put forward aimed at designing the complex concept of economy of disasters, which shall be developed on the basis of advanced achievements in the fields linked with providing safe life of people. According to the author this concept should be ratified by heads of leading states of the world. Conclusions concerning prospects of developing global economy after COVID-19 pandemic were drawn.
Developing Mechanisms of Reducing Risks in Managing Innovation Projects and Programs in Russian On-Line Retail Organizations
Authors: Vetrova A. Yu.
Published: October 2021

Currently, the market is crowded with commercial enterprises, which makes it necessary to maintain the competitiveness of modern companies. One of the effective ways to support its functioning in the market and successful further development is the development and implementation of innovative projects. At the same time, when managing innovative projects, developers face various risks that should be minimized in a timely manner. Risk reduction is a rather complex process, as there is a high level of uncertainty inherent in innovative projects. Therefore, in order to minimize the risks of innovative projects, it is important to choose the best quality methods and tools that will form an effective risk reduction mechanism as a result. This article presents the concepts of innovation project, risk management and risk reduction mechanism. Methods and tools for reducing the risks of innovative projects are considered, the main types of risk minimization mechanisms are identified. In addition, the author conducted an analysis of innovative projects of the Russian retail chains "Magnit" and "X5 Retail Group", identified the main mechanisms for reducing the risks of innovative projects and programs used in these retail chains.
Modelling Human Activity using Smartphone Data
Authors: Badrinath Suriya , Muthalagu Raja
Published: October 2021

Background:

Over time, multichannel time series data were utilized for the purpose of modeling human activity. Instruments such as an accelerometer and gyroscope which had sensors embedded in them, recorded sensor data which were then utilized to record 6-axes, single dimensional convolution for the purpose of formulating a deep CNN. The resultant network achieved 94.79% activity recognition accuracy on raw sensor data, and 95.57% accuracy when Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) knowledge was added to the sensor data.

Objective:

This study helps to achieve an orderly report of daily Human activities for the overall balanced lifestyle of a healthy human being.

Methods:

Interfacing is done using Arduino Uno, Raspberry-Pi 3, heart rate sensor and accelerometer ADXL345 to generate real time values of day-to-day human activities such as walking, sleeping, climbing upstairs/downstairs and so on. Initially, the heart pulse of our four tested individuals is recorded and tabulated to depict and draw conclusions all the way from “Low BP” to “Heavy Exercise”. The convolution neural network is initially trained with an online human activity dataset and tested using our real time generated values which are sent to the MAC OS using a Bluetooth interface.

Results:

We obtain graphical representations of the amount of each activity performed by the test set of individuals, and in turn conclusions which suggest increase or decrease in the consistency of certain activities to the users, depicted through our developed iOS application, “Fitnesse”.

Conclusion:

The result of this works is used to improve the daily health routines and the overall lifestyle of distressed patients.
O Berrão de Ramilo, Duas Igrejas, Miranda do Douro Nota preliminar
Authors: Salgado Mónica , Queiroga Francisco M.V. Reimão
Published: October 2021

The statue of wild boar from Ramilo, now presented, was recently discovered in the course of agricultural work within the boundaries of the Duas Igrejas parish, Miranda do Douro Council, in a property named Ramilo. This is an important find amongst the existing statues of the kind, as it represents a male wild boar depicted with a number of sculpted details that altogether add to the definition of the typologies of representation of the boar statues so far found in this region.
Coimbra e sua região no tempo de D. Sesnando
Authors: Alarcão Jorge de
Published: October 2021

In 1064, Ferdinand the Great conquered Coimbra from the Musulmans. The authority over the town was trusted to Sesnandus. Born in a Christian family of Coimbra or its area, the count had been educated in the Musulman court of Seville. In the time of Sesnandus, the Christian rule was not extended farther than the line of Penela and Soure, where castles were built. The relations seem to have been peaceful between Sesnandus and the emir of Badajoz, who controlled Lisbon and Santarém. An essay is made here to imagine the urban space of Coimbra and to map the villages that existed around the town.
Effects of 12-week Pilates training program on cardiac autonomic modulation: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cavina Allysiê PS , Silva Natália M , Biral Taíse M , Lemos Leonardo K , Junior Eduardo Pizzo , Pastre Carlos M , Vanderlei Luiz CM , Vanderlei Franciele M
Published: October 2021

Aim:
To evaluate the effects of 12-week Pilates training program on cardiac autonomic modulation.
Materials & methods:
A randomized controlled trial of a 12-week Pilates training program was conducted. A total of 54 men were randomly allocated to either a control or a Pilates group. Initially, the RR intervals were captured for 20 min for later analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). The training protocol was then initiated, in which the Pilates group performed 36 sessions of the Pilates method for approximately 60 min each session, three-times a week, totaling 12 weeks. The control group was instructed to maintain their normal activities during this period. One week after the end of the training, the final evaluations were performed with the capture of RR intervals in both the groups. Linear indices in the time (SDNN and rMSSD) and frequency (low frequency [LF] and high frequency [HF]) domains, and the Poincaré plot (SD1 and SD2) were used. Nonlinear indices were also analyzed (approximate entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis). Descriptive statistics and generalized mixed models were performed.
Results:
There was a group effect for LF (ms
2
) and a time effect for SD2. There was a training effect observed by the time*group interactions in which an increase in global HRV indices was found for the Pilates group after 12 weeks (SDNN: mean difference [MD] = 9.82; standard deviation [SD] = 18.52; ES = -0.514; LF [ms
2
]: MD = 334.23; SD = 669.43; ES = -0.547; SD2: MD = 14.58; SD = 24.28; ES = -0.693).
Conclusion:
A 12-week Pilates training program promotes significant improvement in global modulation of HRV in the Pilates group considering the significant increase in SDNN, LF (ms
2
) and SD2 indices.

Trial registration number:
NCT03232866
.
EDUCAÇÃO ANTIRRACISTA E RESISTÊNCIA:
Authors: Motta Castro Amanda , Rodrigues de Oliveira Elina , Costa Pereira Gabriele
Published: October 2021

Esse artigo tem como objetivo principal refletir sobre o processo de transição capilar, que tem sido um fenômeno nos últimos tempos, sobretudo entre as mulheres. Sendo uma busca pela autoafirmação da identidade negra e a valorização das raízes afrodescendentes, o cabelo afro para além da questão estética, também é a expressão de um ato político contra o racismo. Tendo como base a mudança do cabelo, buscamos estabelecer relações entre esse fenômeno e a luta por uma educação de resistência antirracista, tendo em vista que um dos principais alvos das práticas racistas é o cabelo crespo. Reconhecendo o papel dos movimentos antirracistas da atualidade, o texto tem como base teórica intelectuais, principalmente mulheres brasileiras que têm feito a discussão sobre cabelo afro e a luta antirracista nos mais diversos espaços. A partir desta escrita é possível perceber uma discussão sobre a questão estética negra e a educação.
SOCIAL NETWORKS:
Authors: Menezes de Oliveira Waldma Maíra , Muniz da Silva Gabriele Maria , Apoluceno de Oliveira Ivanilde
Published: October 2021

As relações estabelecidas no meio social produzem redes invisíveis que apresentam estrutura maleável e dinâmica. As redes sociais de interação, ou social networks, dentro de um contexto fechado de informantes, revelam influências quando estudadas em vista a um objetivo. Desenvolvida no município de Cametá-PA, a pesquisa investiga o comportamento das redes sociais de interação dentro do processo de constituição identitária de três sujeitos surdos. A fim de questionar que influências as redes sociais de interação têm neste processo, o estudo apresenta como objetivo específico: a) descrever a configuração das conexões da rede social de interação dos sujeitos surdos e b) compreender a influência das relações sociais no processo de constituição identitária dos sujeitos surdos. Tecida na interface da Educação Especial, na perspectiva Inclusiva e da Educação do Campo, o trabalho apoia-se em linhas teóricas da sociologia como Bauman (2005), Hall (2015), Goffman (2017) e articula-se no campo educacional. A partir do estudo de caso, a pesquisa configura-se com natureza quanti-qualitativa, cujos objetivos apresentam características descritivas. Os métodos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram os questionários semiestruturados e a análise das redes sociais. Os resultados apontam redes com características densas e frouxas, laços multiplex e uniplex, bem como atitudes que influenciam a constituição identitária de surdos e geram estigmas sociais. As conclusões apontam para novas pesquisas no campo da teoria das redes sociais de interação para verificar cruzamentos de redes dentro de um cenário amazônico tradicional marcado por culturas, ritmos de desenvolvimento e relação de poder.
GÉNERO, POLÍTICA Y DOCENCIA EN ARTES EN LA UNIVERSIDAD PROVINCIAL DE CÓRDOBA (ARGENTINA):
Authors: Alazraki Laura , Fioretti Lorena , Nicolás Paola
Published: October 2021

Este escrito se enmarca en el proyecto “La perspectiva de género en los profesorados de la Universidad Provincial de Córdoba (2019/2020)”, cuyo propósito es la valoración de las modalidades en las que la perspectiva de género se hace presente en las seis carreras de formación docente de esta Universidad. Aquí profundizaremos sobre una de las variables de esta investigación: el lugar de las emociones, de las afectaciones, en términos de Ahmed (2015), en los profesorados de artes. Siguiendo a la autora, entendemos la emoción como la impresión de la tensión entre lo que sentimos y lo enseñado. Esas afectaciones son colectivas y responden a construcciones que, aunque históricas, tienen un carácter performativo que las reactualiza, contrariamente al sentido de emociones “propias”, “individuales”. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cómo se expresa -o es ausencia-la perspectiva de género en clave de emociones, en tanto territorio que trama y entrama rupturas e interpelaciones para interrumpir un orden político patriarcal y heteronormativo. Metodológicamente, tomamos los discursos de estudiantes, recabados en grupos focales, como textos para pensar políticas de circulación de esos afectos, que reproducen o disputan sentidos. Concluimos, entre otras cuestiones, que la perspectiva de género en la formación docente no solo debe ser transversal a la vida institucional toda, sino que necesita articularse con otros discursos contrahegemónicos posibilitando, desde una mirada interseccional y feminista, una vigilancia constante de nuestros propios modos de seguir deconstruyendo-nos los mundos que habitamos.
FORMAÇÃO DE UMA POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA:
Authors: Rodrigues Cíntia Régia , Mailer Valéria Contrucci de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o modelo de política linguística educacional proposto nos primórdios do século XXI, de 2000 a 2004 pelo município de Blumenau/SC, que pretendeu a manutenção da língua alemã no currículo escolar, introduzida na região a partir das políticas imigratórias do século XIX e ainda praticada por comunidades de fala. Esse trabalho se enquadra nos debates acerca do campo de pesquisas da política linguística, tendo como referenciais Spolsky, (2004), (2009), (2016); Shohamy, (2006). No projeto proposto pela secretaria de educação, o domínio escolar, segundo Mailer (2003), pautou-se pelos seguintes eixos:  Normalização da Oferta de Línguas no Currículo Escolar e Programa de Ensino de Alemão; Projeto de Formação de Professores de Alemão; Escolas Bilíngues; Conselho do ensino da Língua Alemã. Em relação aos resultados, o presente trabalho constatou que as línguas minoritárias continuam estigmatizadas e invisibilizadas nas políticas educacionais, no caso a língua alemã. No projeto analisado a língua alemã deveria estar presente no currículo escolar sendo reconhecida como língua de herança de parte da população local.
CRÔNICAS DA CONGREGAÇÃO DAS IRMÃS ESCOLARES DE NOSSA SENHORA:
Authors: Gonçalves Martins Cintia , Rabelo Giani
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo analisa a chegada, a atuação escolar e missionária das religiosas da Congregação das “Irmãs Escolares de Nossa Senhora”, em Forquilhinha, Santa Catarina, Brasil, no início do século XX. A Congregação foi fundada na Alemanha, no ano de 1833, pela religiosa Maria Teresa de Jesus Gerhardinger e expandiu-se para diferentes continentes com o objetivo de auxiliar na educação escolar e catequética de crianças e adultos, em especial em localidades onde haviam colônias de migrantes de origem alemã. A pesquisa utilizou como fonte central do estudo o livro de Crônicas do Colégio Sagrada Família, escrito pelas freiras da Congregação. Referido livro de Crônicas se apresenta como um meritório documento histórico em razão de seus registros, que relatam o processo de saída da Alemanha até a chegada das Irmãs Escolares na então colônia alemã de Forquilhinha. Nele se encontram registros sobre as dificuldades encontradas, as realizações e os trabalhos escolares e catequéticos realizados tanto na escola como na comunidade.
CURRÍCULO:
Authors: Pantoja de Souza Silvia , Gadelha da Costa Lucinete
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa do Mestrado Acadêmico em Educação em Ciências na Amazônia. Na busca de refletir sobre o currículo com um olhar no ensino de Ciências em uma escola ribeirinha do contexto amazônico, em Parintins, AM, seguimos em um estudo de perspectiva qualitativa, visando o ensino em um território de ocupações e tensões. Os autores que fundamentaram a produção foram Moreira (2013), Silva (2010), Freire (2019), Lopes (2011), Arroyo (2013), Chassot (2010) entre outros. Os resultados apresentam o contexto histórico de um grupo social, protagonista de sua construção social na busca por um ensino articulado aos seus costumes. Esses fatos ocorreram na constituição de uma comunidade entre as águas e as florestas de um assentamento do Baixo Amazonas. Evidenciamos que as reflexões apresentadas nesse texto, apontam a necessidade do entendimento sobre as construções históricas no lugar da escola, sobretudo no ensino de Ciências, dinâmica essa que corrobora com uma prática docente preocupada em contextualizar as especificidades locais, valorizando as condições de vida dos estudantes que crescem em uma constante relação com a natureza.
South Korean college freshmen students' perceptions of happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
Authors: Lee Sanghee , Lee Song Yi , Jung Jaeeun
Published: October 2021

Happiness is an important factor influencing academic performance, and many college freshmen have experienced adjustment difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied Q methodology to explore South Korean freshmen students' perceptions of happiness in 2020. Participants were
divided into three groups according to perceptions of happiness: (a) those who considered relationships as vital for happiness, (b) those who considered freedom to have new experiences as vital for happiness, and (c) those who considered setting and achieving goals as vital for happiness.
These findings can serve as basic data for the development of curricula and programs to help college freshmen adapt to college life.
INTENÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA ENTRE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS: INFLUÊNCIA DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS E TREINAMENTO EMPREENDEDOR
Authors: Zarelli Paula Regina , Otto Evellin Medeiros , Junior Silvestre Labiak
Published: October 2021

O objetivo foi analisar a influência das características empreendedoras e treinamentoempreendedor na intenção empreendedora de estudantes universitários. A pesquisa foidescritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, procedimentos estatísticos e delineamentotransversal, com amostra composta por 403 estudantes universitários de todos os cursos degraduação da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – Campus Francisco Beltrão – PR.A análise de regressão multivariada permitiu analisar a influência proposta no modeloconfirmatório, explicando 47,3% e 25,6% da sua variância. Estes resultados se relacionamcom o interesse crescente na formação para o empreendedorismo, expresso por políticas,instituições de ensino superior e estudantes. Contribuições sociais são expressas nasvariáveis socioambientais presentes na característica empreendedora e na intenção deempreender. A originalidade do estudo consiste na aplicação do modelo internacionaladaptado de Küttim et al. (2014) e Adekiya e Ibrahim (2016) no contexto brasileiro.Demonstrou-se que a característica empreendedora contribui para o desenvolvimento dasintenções empreendedoras dos alunos. Verificou-se que a participação na formação emâmbito de treinamento para o empreendedor exerce um impacto positivo nas intençõesempreendedoras.
A theoretical study on Ir(III)-catalyzed intermolecular branch-selective allylic C−H amidation
Authors: Xu Liang-Cheng , Zhang Xiang-Biao , Zhang Ying-Gang
Published: October 2021

Herein, we report the mechanism of Ir(III)-catalyzed intermolecular
branch-selective allylic C−H amidation, including the influence of
substituent effect on yield and regioselectivity. The sequence of
amidation reaction is alkene coordination, allylic C−H activation,
oxidative addition of methyl dioxazolone, reductive elimination of
allyl-Ir-nitrenoid complex, amine protonation and proto-demetallation.
The apparent activation energy of amidation between hexene and methyl
dioxazolone is 17.8 kcal/mol, and the energy difference between two
transition state for formation amide is only 2.8 kcal/mol. The
introduction of more electron-deficient groups at the allyl terminal
increases the apparent activation energy, conversely, the introduction
of electron-donating groups significantly reduces the apparent
activation energy. Among them, the apparent activation energy of the
reaction between aniline group substituted allyl and methyl dioxazolone
is only 13.8 kcal/mol, which further improves the reaction yield. In
addition, the introduction of more electron-withdrawing groups on
dioxazolone can significantly improve the regioselectivity. When
3,4,5,-trifluorophenyl substituted dioxazolone and hexene occur C−N bond
coupling reaction, the energy difference of the two transition states is
as high as 9.0 kcal/mol, indicating that the regioselectivity is greatly
improved. The mechanism explanation of allylic C−H amidation will
provide strong theoretical support for streamlined synthesis of allyl
branched amides.
Pharmacovigilance in China: A review
Authors: Song Haibo , Pei Xiaojing , Liu Zuoxiang , Shen Chuanyong , Sun Jun , Liu Yuqin , Zhou Lingyun , Feng Sun , Xiao Xiaohe
Published: October 2021

Drug-related adverse reactions are among the main reasons for harm to
patients under care worldwide and even their deaths. The
pharmacovigilance system has been proven to be an effective method of
avoiding or alleviating such adverse events. In 2019, after two decades
of implementation of the drug-related adverse reaction reporting system,
China formally implemented a pharmacovigilance system with the
Pharmacovigilance Quality Management Standards and a series of
supporting technical documents created to improve the safety of
medication given to patients. China’s pharmacovigilance system has faced
many problems and challenges during its implementation. This spontaneous
reporting system is the main source of data for China’s medication
vigilance activities, but it has not provided sufficiently powerful
evidence for regulatory decision-making. In conformity to the
health-centered drug regulatory concept, the Chinese government has
accelerated the speed of examination and approval of urgently needed
clinical drugs and orphan drugs along with the requirement to improve
the safety supervision of these drugs after their listing. China’s
marketing authorization holders（MAHs）must strengthen its
pharmacovigilance capabilities as the primary responsible department for
drug safety. Chinese medical schools generally lack professional courses
on pharmacovigilance. The regulatory authorities have recognized such
problems and have made efforts to improve the professional capacity of
pharmacovigilance personnel and to strengthen cooperation with
stakeholders through the implementation of an action plan of medication
surveillance and the establishment of patient-based adverse events
reporting system and active surveillance systems, which will help China
bridge the gap to bring its pharmacovigilance practice up to standards.
Outer space as a geographical domain: A contribution to laying the foundations for astropolitics
Authors: Kopanja Mihajlo
Published: October 2021

The paper presents an effort to contribute to the foundations of
astropolitics by presenting the central characteristics of outer space as a
geographical domain. Given that current international trends point to the
increasingly active role of states and private companies in the utilization
of space, understanding the opportunities and limitations that the
environment of outer space poses on human action represents the foundation
of a systematic analysis of the international politics of outer space.
Starting from the assumption that space can be viewed as a geographical
domain, similar to land, sea or air, the paper presents key physical
characteristics of space and the central problem fields of the social
constitution of space, which are then placed in the context of geopolitical
thought. The paper is divided into three parts where the first part provides
a brief history of astropolitical thought, the second presents the universe
as a geographical domain by identifying physical and social properties of
the space environment, and the third part observes the space environment
through the ?ecological triad? of Harold and Margaret Sprout and Harvey
Starr?s ?opportunity and willingness? framework to explain how the physical
and social properties of outer space impact international politics. The
author concludes that, since outer space will be a more and more important
area in the future, academic study of international relations in space will
be increasingly relevant, thus requiring knowledge of the basics of
astropolitics, i.e., outer space itself and the features that characterize
it as a geographical domain.
The transformation of outer space into a warfighting domain in the 21st century
Authors: Stojanovic Bogdan
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the process of the transformation of outer space into
a warfighting domain in the 21st century. During the Cold War, outer space
was a place of understanding and peaceful competition between superpowers.
Militarization has existed since the beginning of the Space Age, excluding
the weaponization of space until the beginning of the 21st century. The
absence of an international regime to prevent the weaponization of space and
technological advances opens up new opportunities for states in their quest
to increase power. The theoretical paradigm is a realistic perspective of
international institutions as a reflection of the most powerful state?s
minimum consensus on a mechanism for reducing their costs. Successfully
tested anti-satellite weapons open new questions about the defense of
vulnerable space installations from enemy attacks. The author's prognostic
thesis refers to the new race in space weapons and the matter of time when
lasers, plasma weapons, kinetic bombardment, and other types of space
weapons will see the light of day. The strategic balance will remain
untouched until the invention of a superior space weapon able to neutralize
the existing offensive capacities of the states and erase the second strike
capability appears. The author concludes that international institutions
cannot limit the ambitions of states in conquering space because they do not
want to give up that potential, but that a limited space war is unlikely.
Astropolitics: One step closer to high-tech imperialism or a path toward interstellar flourishing?
Authors: Korac Srdjan
Published: October 2021

The paper provides an overview of the current and potential social practices
in the realm of space politics from the perspectives of critical theory of
international relations and critical geopolitics, with the aim to find an
answer to the question of what the purpose of collective human action in
space ought to be to secure the cosmic flourishing of civilisation instead
of opening new areas for imperial politics. The author employs a broader
definition of space politics, understood as a complex of social and
institutional practices related to decision-making on public issues
concerning the design and implementation of national, transnational, and
international programmes for the exploration and governing of outer space.
The departing hypothesis is that there are a series of ethically challenging
spots in space politics, which may be sparked by a utilitarian calculus,
instrumentalised to preserve the neoliberal continuum of exploitation of
natural resources, production and world trade in the age of late capitalism.
The analysis focuses on the points of collision between the utilitarian
calculus - embodied in the corporate innovative endeavours and technological
achievements - and the principles embedded in the imperative of
responsibility, as well as the concepts of the global commons, space
sustainability, and interstellar flourishing. The author concludes that the
harmful long-term or even permanent effects of the plausible development of
space imperialism, grounded on the misuse of scientific and technological
knowledge to pursue national or corporate interests to the detriment of
marginalised groups of the world population, could be prevented only by the
intellectual and political rejection of anthropocentrism in favour of the
idea of interstellar flourishing.
The Jodoverse: Cosmic cloning of classical geopolitics
Authors: Ajzenhamer Vladimir
Published: October 2021

The paper is an attempt at geopolitical contextualization and realpolitik
reading of comic works by Alejandro Jodorowsky. The focus of the analysis is
on the so-called ?Jodoverse? - a segment of Jodorowsky?s opus which includes
three great science-fiction sagas - ?The Incal?, ?The Saga of the
Metabarons? and ?Technopriests?. These works, which can be defined as ?space
operas? in terms of genre, vividly evoke a futuristic vision of one of the
possible cosmic futures of humanity. This paper aims to map those motives in
this fictional universe that draw inspiration from the tradition of
classical geopolitics, i.e., the practice of political realism. The author?s
initial assumption is that the Jodoverse is designed to function as a
(popular-cultural) reflection of earthly geopolitical principles in the
mirror of outer space and that, therefore, the depiction of astropolitics in
the works of Jodorowsky is nothing but cloning of realpolitik in infinite
space above the earth?s orbit. In order to confirm this assumption, the
author will use the geopolitical and astropolitical concepts of Karl Schmidt
and Everett Dolman as a key to unravelling the secrets of the Jodoverse. For
that purpose, Schmidt?s concept of the nomos of the earth will be used, as
well as the teaching on technological determinism which is present in the
works of both theorists. By applying these concepts to Jodorowsky?s comics,
the author will try to prove how the ideas of classical geopolitics have
their counterparts in the cosmic phantasms of this genius of the ninth art.
How Auditors' Fraud Inquiry Strategies Can Increase the Likelihood of Whistleblowing
Authors: Lauck John R. , Perreault Stephen J. , Rakestraw Joseph R. , Wainberg James S.
Published: October 2021

This article summarizes a study (Lauck, Perreault, Rakestraw, and Wainberg 2020) in which we examine best practices for auditors conducting client inquiry. We find that reminding client-employees about the statutory protections available for public company whistleblowers and conducting fraud inquires later in the day are two strategies that increase the likelihood that a client-employee will disclose suspected fraud to an external auditor during the client fraud inquiries required by auditing standards. Although not specifically investigated, our findings may also hold for fraud examination or forensic accounting interview scenarios.
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Journal Entries: Accounting Graph Topology for Auditing and Fraud Detection
Authors: Guo Ken H. , Yu Xiaoxiao , Wilkin Carla
Published: October 2021

Although journal entries are an important component of modern accounting, existing research and practice in auditing and fraud detection have not fully exploited the information made available by the double-entry mechanism. This paper proposes a theory-based methodology, accounting graph topology, to visualize journal entries and explicate within- and between-entry relationships. Grounded in cognitive fit theory and graph theory, this methodology can help auditors identify potential internal control issues and problematic transactions for further investigation. We illustrate the benefits of accounting graph topology by applying it to a case study.
The Effect of Accrual Heterogeneity on Accrual Quality Inferences
Authors: Dechow Patricia M. , Larson Chad R. , Resutek Robert J.
Published: October 2021

We investigate the impact of the mixed attribute GAAP measurement model on accrual quality inferences. GAAP rules vary from an income statement “matching” focus to a balance sheet “fair-value” focus. Accrual properties are also affected by the business activity being measured and the activity's recurrence. Furthermore, accrual measurement is affected by managerial estimation error/manipulation. As a consequence, accruals are heterogeneous with predictably different statistical properties. We construct a dataset of more than 100,000 accrual items that Compustat aggregates into data item FOPO. We classify these accruals into 32 types over a 21-year span. We show that variation in persistence for the 32 accrual types is consistent with our predictions concerning GAAP rules. We provide a model of accruals and show that it is implausible for estimation error of reasonable magnitudes to explain this variation. Finally, we develop a measure of reporting consistency and show its impact on accrual quality inferences.
EET Analog Treatment Improves Insulin Signaling in a Genetic Mouse Model of Insulin Resistance
Authors: Ghoshal Kakali , Li Xiyue , Peng Dungeng , Falck John R. , Anugu Raghunath Reddy , Chiusa Manuel , Stafford John M. , Wasserman David H. , Zent Roy , Luther James M. , Pozzi Ambra
Published: October 2021

We previously showed that global deletion of the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase Cyp2c44, a major epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET)–producing enzyme in mice, leads to impaired hepatic insulin signaling resulting in insulin resistance. This finding led us to investigate whether administration of a water-soluble EET analog restores insulin signaling in vivo in Cyp2c44−/− mice and investigated the underlying mechanisms by which this effect is exerted. Cyp2c44−/− mice treated with the analog disodium 13-(3-pentylureido)tridec-8(Z)-enoyl)-LL-aspartate2 (EET-A) for 4 weeks improved fasting glucose and glucose tolerance compared with Cyp2c44−/− mice treated with vehicle alone. This beneficial effect was accompanied by enhanced hepatic insulin signaling, decreased expression of gluconeogenic genes, and increased expression of glycogenic genes. Mechanistically, we show that insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β (IRβ) is impaired in primary Cyp2c44−/− hepatocytes and that this can be restored by cotreatment with EET-A and insulin. Plasma membrane fractionations of livers indicated that EET-A enhances the retention of IRβ in membrane-rich fractions, thus potentiating its activation. Altogether, EET analogs ameliorate insulin signaling in a genetic model of hepatic insulin resistance by stabilizing membrane-associated IRβ and potentiating insulin signaling.
Trend of Diabetes-Related Hospital Admissions During the Transition Period From Adolescence to Adulthood in the State of California
Authors: Nip Angel Siu Ying , Lodish Maya
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the incidence of diabetes-related hospital admissions and described the characteristics among youth and emerging adults with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in California.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A retrospective study was conducted using the statewide inpatient database during the years 2014–2018. Individuals aged 13–24 years hospitalized with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or severe hypoglycemia (SH) were recorded. Demographic characteristics and health measures among youth (ages 13–18) and young adults (ages 19–24) were compared.

RESULTS

A total of 34,749 admission encounters for T1D and 3,304 for T2D were analyzed. Hospitalization rates significantly increased with age during the transition to adulthood, from 70/100,000 California population at age 17 to 132/100,000 at age 19 in T1D. Higher hospitalization rates were demonstrated in young adults than in youth in T1D, and the rate was significantly higher in Black young adults (23.9%) than in youth (12.0%) among the age-adjusted population with diabetes (P < 0.0001). More young adults admitted were on public insurance, and approximately half were from the lowest income quartile. No difference was observed in hospital length of stay; however, hospital charges were higher among young adults. Young adults were three times more likely to be admitted for severe conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrated a significant rise in hospital admission during the transition period in individuals with T1D. There were significantly more Black young adults who were on public insurance and had lower socioeconomic status. Our findings suggest that the health care system fails many emerging adults with diabetes, particularly for people of color, and that improving medical transition is crucial.
Pure copper layer formation on stainless-steel and aluminum substrate with a multibeam laser metal deposition system with blue diode laser
Authors: Takenaka Keisuke , Sato Yuji , Ono Kazuhiro , Funada Yoshinori , Tsukamoto Masahiro
Published: October 2021

Laser metal deposition (LMD), which is one of the additive manufacturing technologies, is suitable for making 3D objects with complex shapes. In this method, a blue diode laser is used to explore the formation of pure copper parts because of the high light absorption of pure copper in blue light. Inspired by this method, in this study, we developed a high-power blue diode laser with a wavelength of 450 nm. This laser had an output power of 100 W and a fiber core diameter of 100 μm. We also developed a multibeam LMD system with the blue diode laser in which metal powder was supplied perpendicularly to the processing point and multiple lasers were irradiated from the surroundings for additively manufactured pure copper. We investigated the differences in copper layer formation that are dependent on the properties of substrates. Upon using the multibeam LMD system, a pure copper layer formed on pure aluminum and stainless-steel substrates. The interaction of pure copper powder and the substrates was observed using a high-speed video camera. After laser irradiation, copper cladding samples were observed with an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to evaluate the cross-sectional area of the pure copper layer and the dilution zone. As a result, a pure copper layer formed on the aluminum surface under the laser irradiation condition under which the aluminum substrate was not subjected to melting by heating with the blue laser. It was suggested that the pure copper powder heated by the laser melted the aluminum and formed a copper layer on the aluminum substrate.
Chronic Disease Surveillance in Alberta’s Tomorrow Project using Administrative Health Data
Authors: Ye Ming , Vena Jennifer , Johnson Jeffrey , Shen-Tu Grace , Eurich Dean
Published: October 2021

IntroductionAlberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) is the largest population-based prospective cohort study of cancer and chronic diseases in Alberta, Canada. The ATP cohort data were primarily self-reported by participants on lifestyle behaviors and disease risk factors at the enrollment, which lacks sufficient and accurate data on chronic disease diagnosis for longer-term follow-up.
ObjectivesTo characterize the occurrence rate and trend of chronic diseases in the ATP cohort by linking with administrative healthcare data.
MethodsA set of validated algorithms using ICD codes were applied to Alberta Health (AH) administrative data (October 2000-March 2018) linked to the ATP cohort to determine the prevalence and incidence of common chronic diseases.
ResultsThere were 52,770 ATP participants (51.2± 9.4 years old at enrollment and 63.7% females) linked to the AH data with average follow-up of 10.1± 4.4 years. In the ATP cohort, hypertension (18.5%), depression (18.1%), chronic pain (12.8%), osteoarthritis (10.1%) and cardiovascular diseases (8.7%) were the most prevalent chronic conditions. The incidence rates varied across diseases, with the highest rates for hypertension (22.1 per 1000 person-year), osteoarthritis (16.2 per 1000 person-year) and ischemic heart diseases (13.0 per 1000 person-year). All chronic conditions had increased prevalence over time (p <0.001 for trend tests), while incidence rates were relatively stable. The proportion of participants with two or more of these conditions (multi-morbidity) increased from 3.9% in 2001 to 40.3% in 2017.
ConclusionsThis study shows an increasing trend of chronic diseases in the ATP cohort, particularly related to cardiovascular diseases and multi-morbidity. Using administrative health data to monitor chronic diseases for large population-based prospective cohort studies is feasible in Alberta, and our approach could be further applied in a broader research area, including health services research, to enhance research capacity of these population-based studies in Canada.
Planejamento em prótese parcial removível e seu panorama dos últimos 20 anos no Brasil – uma revisão da literatura de estudos observacionais
Authors: de Figueiredo Viviane Gonçalves , Grangeiro Manassés Tércio , Arcoverde e Silva Larissa Micaella
Published: October 2021

Objective: the objective of this literature review was to catalog and describe observational scientific studies on the planning of removable partial dentures, based on the panorama of rehabilitation in the last 20 years in Brazil. Methodology: As databases Scielo, Pubmed, Google Scholar, VHL; as well as the terms used in this search were: removable partial denture, dental prosthesis planning and dental models. The inclusion criteria in this study were observational studies carried out based on data obtained in Brazil; articles that address the variables under study: planning, quality of the models and dental preparations published between 2000 and 2020. The exclusion criteria for this work were literature reviews, clinical cases, letters to the editor, opinion articles (low scientific evidence); literature with data from other countries; articles not available in full by the databases; articles addressing the planning of unconventional PPRs. The selection of articles was carried out based on abstracts. Results: The selection resulted in 11 researches on the theme, the works showed a high prevalence of the absence of planning (drawing) and dental preparations, niches and guide plans, in addition to plaster models in poor conditions. It being observed that the responsibility in the elaboration of the design of the metallic structure by the dentist has been delegated to the technician in dental prosthesis. Conclusion: Based on the methodology used in this literature review, the findings showed a bleak outlook in Brazil, regarding the planning of the removable partial denture that is neglected by the dentist.