bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-acting dolutegravir formulations prevent neurodevelopmental impairments in a mouse model
Authors: Foster Emma G. , Sillman Brady , Liu Yutong , Summerlin Micah , Kumar Vikas , Sajja Balasrinivasa R. , Cassidy Adam R. , Edagwa Benson , Gendelman Howard E. , Bade Aditya N.
Published: December 2023

The World Health Organization has recommended dolutegravir (DTG) as a preferred first-line treatment for treatment naive and experienced people living with human immunodeficiency virus type one (PLWHIV). Based on these recommendations 15 million PLWHIV worldwide are expected to be treated with DTG regimens on or before 2025. This includes pregnant women. Current widespread use of DTG is linked to the drug’s high potency, barrier to resistance, and cost-effectiveness. Despite such benefits, potential risks of DTG-linked fetal neurodevelopmental toxicity remain a concern. To this end, novel formulation strategies are urgently needed in order to maximize DTG’s therapeutic potentials while limiting adverse events. In regard to potential maternal fetal toxicities, we hypothesized that injectable long-acting nanoformulated DTG (NDTG) could provide improved safety by reducing drug fetal exposures compared to orally administered native drug. To test this notion, we treated pregnant C3H/HeJ mice with daily oral native DTG at a human equivalent dosage (5 mg/kg; n = 6) or vehicle (control; n = 8). These were compared against pregnant mice injected with intramuscular (IM) NDTG formulations given at 45 (n = 3) or 25 (n = 4) mg/kg at one or two doses, respectively. Treatment began at gestation day (GD) 0.5. Magnetic resonance imaging scanning of live dams at GD 17.5 was performed to obtain T1 maps of the embryo brain to assess T1 relaxation times of drug-induced oxidative stress. Significantly lower T1 values were noted in daily oral native DTG-treated mice, whereas comparative T1 values were noted between control and NDTG-treated mice. This data reflected prevention of DTG-induced oxidative stress when delivered as NDTG. Proteomic profiling of embryo brain tissues harvested at GD 17.5 demonstrated reductions in oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairments, and amelioration of impaired neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in NDTG-treated mice. Pharmacokinetic (PK) tests determined that both daily oral native DTG and parenteral NDTG achieved clinically equivalent therapeutic plasma DTG levels in dams (4,000–6,500 ng/mL). Importantly, NDTG led to five-fold lower DTG concentrations in embryo brain tissues compared to daily oral administration. Altogether, our preliminary work suggests that long-acting drug delivery can limit DTG-linked neurodevelopmental deficits.
Probing the underlying principles of dynamics in piano performances using a modelling approach
Authors: Jones Gabriel , Friberg Anders
Published: December 2023

Variations in dynamics are an essential component of musical performance in most instruments. To study the factors that contribute to dynamic variations, we used a model approaching, allowing for determination of the individual contribution of different musical features. Thirty monophonic melodies from 3 stylistic eras with all expressive markings removed were performed by 20 pianists on a Disklavier piano. The results indicated a relatively high agreement among the pianists (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88). The overall average dynamics (across pianists) could be predicted quite well using support vector regression (R2 = 66%) from a set of 48 score-related features. The highest contribution was from pitch-related features (37.3%), followed by phrasing (12.3%), timing (2.8%), and meter (0.7%). The highest single contribution was from the high-loud principle, whereby higher notes were played louder, as corroborated by the written feedback of many of the pianists. There were also differences between the styles. The highest contribution from phrasing, for example, was obtained from the Romantic examples, while the highest contribution from meter came from the Baroque examples. An analysis of each individual pianist revealed some fundamental differences in approach to the performance of dynamics. All participants were undergraduate-standard pianists or above; however, varied levels of consistency and predictability highlighted challenges in acquiring a reliable group in terms of expertise and preparation, as well as certain pianistic challenges posed by the task. Nevertheless, the method proved useful in disentangling some underlying principles of musical performance and their relation to structural features of the score, with the potential for productive adaptation to a wider range of expressive and instrumental contexts.
Trends in antipsychotic use among children and adolescents in Germany: a study using 2011–2020 nationwide outpatient claims data
Authors: Dörks Michael , Bachmann Christian J. , Below Maike , Hoffmann Falk , Paschke Lena M. , Scholle Oliver
Published: December 2023

Introduction

We aimed to provide an update on trends in antipsychotic (AP) use among children and adolescents in Germany.

Materials and methods

Based on nationwide outpatient claims data from Germany, we conducted a cross-sectional study. For each year from 2011 to 2020, we determined the prevalence of AP use, defined as the proportion of children and adolescents with at least one AP dispensation. We evaluated trends in AP use by age, sex, and AP class (typical vs. atypical). Additionally, we assessed trends in the specialty of AP prescribers and the frequency of psychiatric diagnoses among AP users.

Results

Overall, data from more than 12 million children and adolescents were included for each calendar year (2011: 12,488,827; 2020: 13,330,836). From 2011 to 2020, the overall prevalence of pediatric AP use increased from 3.16 to 3.65 per 1,000, due to an increase in use of both typical APs (from 1.16 to 1.35 per 1,000) and atypical APs (from 2.35 to 2.75 per 1,000). The largest increase in AP use was found among 15- to 19-year-old females, with an increase from 3.88 per 1,000 in 2011 to 7.86 per 1,000 in 2020 (+103%), mainly due to rising quetiapine use (from 1.17 to 3.46 per 1,000). Regarding prescribers’ specialty, the proportion of APs prescribed by child and adolescent psychiatrists increased during the studied period (2011: 24.8%; 2020: 36.4%), whereas prescriptions by pediatricians (2011: 26.0%; 2020: 19.9%) and general practitioners (2011: 18.0%; 2020: 12.4%) decreased. Risperidone was the most commonly used AP in males, and quetiapine was the leading AP in females, each with the highest prevalence in 15- to 19-year-olds. In male risperidone users in this age group, the most frequent diagnosis was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (50.4%), while in female quetiapine users it was depression (82.0%).

Discussion

Use of APs among children and adolescents in Germany has continued to increase over the last decade. The sharp increase in AP use among 15- to 19-year-old females, which is largely due to an increased use of quetiapine, is remarkable. Potential reasons for this increase—e.g., limited access to psychosocial treatments—should be carefully analyzed. Also, the introduction of more restrictive prescribing guidelines might be considered.
An empirical study on the effect of outdoor illumination and exercise intervention on Children’s vision
Authors: Liao Shuaixiong , Li Xueying , Bai Nan , Wu Danping , Yang Wenliang , Wang Feng , Ji Hao Zong
Published: December 2023

Objective

To explore the relationship between outdoor lighting and sports and the development of myopia, and to analyze the effects of outdoor lighting and exercise on the diopter of children with normal vision and myopia, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of myopia in children and adolescents in the future.

Methods

A total of 201 children were divided into two groups according to myopia or not. Each group was randomly divided into 4 groups: outdoor exercise group, outdoor control group, indoor exercise group and indoor control group. Among them, the outdoor exercise group and indoor exercise group received moderate and high intensity aerobic exercise 3 times a week for 60 min each time for 12 months, while the outdoor control group and indoor control group had normal study and life during the corresponding period of time. No additional exercise intervention. At the end of the experiment, the diopter of each group was compared.

Results

The diopter of all groups with normal vision and myopia decreased significantly after the experiment (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in diopter between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p < 0.01), between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p < 0.05), and between indoor exercise group and indoor control group (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in diopter between indoor exercise group and indoor control group (p < 0.01). The differences among myopic children after the experiment showed that there was significant difference in diopter between outdoor exercise group and indoor exercise group (p < 0.05), between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p < 0.01), and between outdoor control group and indoor control group (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the changes of diopter between the outdoor control group and the indoor exercise group with normal vision and myopia before and after the experiment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Outdoor light and exercise intervention can have a beneficial effect on children’s vision, but because of whether children are myopic or not, the effect is different, outdoor light and exercise have a better effect on reducing the diopter of children with normal vision.
Protecting Astronauts From Space Radiation
Authors: Werneth Charles M.
Published: December 2023

Astronauts on missions to the International Space Station, the moon, and beyond are exposed to several hazards, one of which is space radiation. Space radiation is composed of tiny particles from various sources that spread out in all directions throughout the solar system. These particles have a wide range of energies, and some of them are a serious concern for the safety of space crews. Radiation that passes through the shielding on spacecraft and into the human body can damage cells and may lead to the development of cancer or other negative health effects. To protect astronauts, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is trying to better understand the space radiation environment so they can minimize the effects of radiation exposure on astronauts. This article describes the kinds of space radiation and the approaches that NASA is using or studying to keep astronauts as safe as possible.
The high energy X-ray probe (HEX-P): a new window into neutron star accretion
Authors: Ludlam R. M. , Malacaria C. , Sokolova-Lapa E. , Fuerst F. , Pradhan P. , Shaw A. W. , Pottschmidt K. , Pike S. , Vasilopoulos G. , Wilms J. , García J. A. , Madsen K. , Stern D. , Maitra C. , Del Santo M. , Walton D. J. , Brumback M. C. , van den Eijnden J.
Published: December 2023

Accreting neutron stars (NSs) represent a unique laboratory for probing the physics of accretion in the presence of strong magnetic fields (B ≳ 108 G). Additionally, the matter inside the NS itself exists in an ultra-dense, cold state that cannot be reproduced in Earth-based laboratories. Hence, observational studies of these objects are a way to probe the most extreme physical regimes. Here we present an overview of the field and discuss the most important outstanding problems related to NS accretion. We show how these open questions regarding accreting NSs in both low-mass and high-mass X-ray binary systems can be addressed with the High-Energy X-ray Probe (HEX-P) via simulated data. In particular, with the broad X-ray passband and improved sensitivity afforded by a low X-ray background, HEX-P will be able to 1) distinguish between competing continuum emission models; 2) provide tighter upper limits on NS radii via reflection modeling techniques that are independent and complementary to other existing methods; 3) constrain magnetic field geometry, plasma parameters, and accretion column emission patterns by characterizing fundamental and harmonic cyclotron lines and exploring their behavior with pulse phase; 4) directly measure the surface magnetic field strength of highly magnetized NSs at the lowest accretion luminosities; as well as 5) detect cyclotron line features in extragalactic sources and probe their dependence on luminosity in the super-Eddington regime in order to distinguish between geometrical evolution and accretion-induced decay of the magnetic field. In these ways HEX-P will provide an essential new tool for exploring the physics of NSs, their magnetic fields, and the physics of extreme accretion.
Long-term complications after tonsil surgery: an analysis of 54,462 patients from the Swedish Quality Register for Tonsil Surgery
Authors: Odhagen Erik , Alm Fredrik , Axelsson Sara , Hemlin Claes , Nerfeldt Pia , Stalfors Joacim , Sunnergren Ola
Published: December 2023

Objective

This study aims to evaluate long-term complications after tonsil surgery using an exploratory retrospective cohort study design based on data from the Swedish Quality Register for Tonsil Surgery (SQTS).

Methods

All patients registered in the SQTS between 1 January 2009 and 31 May 2021 were eligible for the study. In this study, a long-term complication is defined as any complication persisting for a minimum of 6 months after surgery. The definition of a complication was based on individual patient reports, provided in a free text format, of any remaining issues 6 months after tonsil surgery. Complications were categorized as follows: disturbed taste or sense of smell, dysphagia, miscellaneous and general symptoms and signs, miscellaneous throat problems, pain or discomfort in the mouth or throat, problems with jaws or teeth, problems with the ears or hearing, problems with the nose or sinuses, problems with throat secretions or throat clearing, problems with voice or speech, and sensory symptoms. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of long-term complications.

Results

In total, 54,462 patients were included in the study. A total of 3,780 patients (6.9%) reported one or more long-term complications. The most frequent long-term complications, with a plausible connection to the surgery, were found in the following categories: pain or discomfort in the mouth or throat (1.9%), problems with throat secretions or throat clearing (0.8%), dysphagia (0.6%), and problems with voice or speech (0.6%). Tonsillotomy was associated with a lower risk of long-term complications than tonsillectomy.

Conclusion

This study suggests that subjective long-term complications after tonsil surgery, in general, are relatively common (6.9%). However, complications with a plausible connection to the surgery were less common (4.0%), and specific complications seemed to be relatively rare, with no single specific problem reaching a prevalence of ≥0.6%.
Superparamagnetic Artificial Cells PLGA-Fe3O4 Micro/Nanocapsules for Cancer Targeted Delivery
Authors: Wang Tao , Chang Thomas Ming Swi
Published: December 2023

Artificial cells have been extensively used in many fields, such as nanomedicine, biotherapy, blood substitutes, drug delivery, enzyme/gene therapy, cancer therapy, and the COVID-19 vaccine. The unique properties of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles have contributed to increased interest in using superparamagnetic artificial cells (PLGA-Fe3O4 micro/nanocapsules) for targeted therapy. In this review, the preparation methods of Fe3O4 NPs and superparamagnetic artificial cell PLGA-drug-Fe3O4 micro/nanocapsules are discussed. This review also focuses on the recent progress of superparamagnetic PLGA-drug-Fe3O4 micro/nanocapsules as targeted therapeutics. We shall concentrate on the use of superparamagnetic artificial cells in the form of PLGA-drug-Fe3O4 nanocapsules for magnetic hyperthermia/photothermal therapy and cancer therapies, including lung breast cancer and glioblastoma.
Fisher–Shannon Investigation of the Effect of Nonlinearity of Discrete Langevin Model on Behavior of Extremes in Generated Time Series
Authors: Telesca Luciano , Czechowski Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

Diverse forms of nonlinearity within stochastic equations give rise to varying dynamics in processes, which may influence the behavior of extreme values. This study focuses on two nonlinear models of the discrete Langevin equation: one with a fixed diffusion function (M1) and the other with a fixed marginal distribution (M2), both characterized by a nonlinearity parameter. Extremes are defined according to the run theory with thresholds based on percentiles. The behavior of inter-extreme times and run lengths is examined by employing Fisher’s Information Measure and the Shannon Entropy. Our findings reveal a clear relationship between the entropic and informational measures and the nonlinearity of model M1—these measures decrease as the nonlinearity parameter increases. Similar relationships are evident for the M2 model, albeit to a lesser extent, even though the background data’s marginal distribution remains unaffected by this parameter. As thresholds increase, both the values of Fisher’s Information Measure and the Shannon Entropy also increase.
Optimization of an Oil–Gas Separator of Gas Storage Compressor with Consideration of Velocity Uniformity in Filter Inlets
Authors: Hu Xiaobo , Peng Zeyu , Chen Da , Ma Zenghui , Liu Wei , Zhao Bin
Published: December 2023

The oil–gas separator of the gas storage compressor serves as crucial equipment in a natural gas storage system to improve gas storage purity and efficiency. Its optimization is also essential to improve the separation efficiency and lifespan. Collision and centrifugal separation are two widely used optimized structures for oil–gas separators, and the enhancement in separation efficiency, as well as the decrease in pressure loss of optimized separators, has been thoroughly discussed. However, the velocity uniformity in the filter inlet has not been considered, which affects the filtration performance. Thus, the overall efficiency of the separator is reduced. Accordingly, optimization of an oil–gas separator with the consideration of velocity uniformity in filter inlets is introduced in this study. The effects of critical dimension parameters of optimized equipment on separator performance were analyzed. The results show that bb = 0.4, lb = 3, hb = 1.5, and kb = 0.5 and le = 0.9 and he = 4.11, as well as lc = 0.5 and dc = 0.52, are suitable for the case of placing baffles, adjusting the separator height and inlet position, as well as adding an inner cylinder, respectively. Subsequently, the analytic hierarchy process was employed to compare different optimized cases. It is observed that the overall rating for adding an inner cylinder reaches 88.46, which is the more suitable optimized method for the oil–gas separator. This work is relevant for oil–gas systems to improve their separation efficiency and enhance the gas storage performance.
Effects of a Healthy Diet on Reducing Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome and Improving Quality of Life among Omani Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Open-Label Trial
Authors: Al Kiyumi Maisa Hamed , Al Belushi Zalikha , Al Amri Amal , Al Musharrafi Rawan , Al Rashdi Fathiya , Jaju Sanjay , Al Shidhani Asma , Al Mahrezi Abdulaziz
Published: December 2023

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) continues to impact the health outcomes and emotional well-being of reproductive-age women, globally. Several studies have provided conflicting evidence concerning the role of dietary approaches in improving PMS symptoms. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the possible influence of a healthy diet and motivational strategies on PMS symptoms and health-related quality of life among Omani adolescents. This open-label, randomized, prospective controlled trial was conducted at two randomly selected secondary schools, in Al Seeb Willayah, in Muscat region. Adolescents with PMS symptoms, who were in grade 10 or 11, aged 16 years or above, had regular menstrual cycles, and were not known to have psychiatric disorder were included in this study. Participants in the intervention group received an individual face-to-face dietary consultation and motivational phone consultation. The health outcomes, including the PMS symptoms in both groups, and quality of life, were recorded using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems questionnaire (DRSP) and the 14-item Self-Reporting-Based Perceived Stress Scale tools, respectively. The primary outcome was the difference in the mean premenstrual symptom scores between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included the quality of life and stress levels of participants. The study period was from 1 February and ended 30 June 2021. SPSS was used to analyze the data, and intention-to-treat analysis was utilized. A total of 72 adolescents with PMS were randomized into intervention and control groups (n = 36 each). Both groups were similar at baseline (p-value > 0.05). No significant association was found between a healthy diet and PMS symptoms (p-value > 0.05). In addition, no significant association was found between a healthy diet and quality of life at follow-up (p-value = 0.216). The outcomes of this study refuted any possible relationships between a healthy diet and PMS symptoms. Accordingly, dietary consultations may not facilitate the clinical management of PMS symptoms in adolescent females.
Enhancement of the Rates for Insertion of Zinc(II) Ions into a Cationic Porphyrin Catalyzed by Poly(glutamate)
Authors: Zagami Roberto , Castriciano Maria Angela , Romeo Andrea , Monsù Scolaro Luigi
Published: December 2023

The self-assembly of porphyrins onto polyelectrolytes could lead to interesting changes in their reactivity with respect to the bulk solution. Here, we investigated the kinetics of Zn2+ incorporation into tetra-cationic water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMpyP(4)) in the presence of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA) in a pH range from 4 to 6.5. Under these conditions, the porphyrin electrostatically interacted with the polymer, which gradually switched from an α-helical to a random coil structure. The profile of the logarithm of the observed rate constant (kobs) versus the pH was sigmoidal with an inflection point close to the pH of the conformation transition for PGA. At a pH of 5.4, when PGA was in its highly charged random coil conformation, an almost 1000-fold increase in the reaction rates was observed. An increase in the ionic strength of the bulk solution led to a decrease in the metal insertion rates. The role of the charged matrix was explained in terms of its ability to assemble both reagents in proximity, in agreement with the theory of counter-ion condensation around polyelectrolytes in an aqueous solution.
In Search of More Leaps to Realize the Precision Medicine of Migraine
Authors: Shibata Mamoru
Published: December 2023

Migraine, clinically characterized by recurrent headache attacks of moderate-to-severe intensity, is the second most disabling disease in terms of years lived with disability [...]
The Immune Response to the Myxozoan Parasite Myxobolus cerebralis in Salmonids: A Review on Whirling Disease
Authors: Akram Naveed , El-Matbouli Mansour , Saleh Mona
Published: December 2023

Salmonids are affected by the economically significant whirling disease (WD) caused by the myxozoan parasite Myxobolus cerebralis. In the past, it was endemic to Eurasia, but it has now spread to different regions of North America, Europe, New Zealand, and South Africa. Among salmonids, rainbow trout is considered the most highly susceptible host. Upon entering to the host’s body, the parasite invades the spine and cranium, resulting in whirling behaviour, a blackened tail, and destruction of cartilage. The disease is characterized by the infiltration of numerous inflammatory cells, primarily lymphocytes and macrophages, with the onset of fibrous tissue infiltration. Several efforts have been undertaken to investigate the role of various immune modulatory molecules and immune regulatory genes using advanced molecular methods including flow cytometry and transcriptional techniques. Investigation of the molecular and cellular responses, the role of STAT3 in Th17 cell differentiation, and the inhibitory actions of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) on interferons and interleukins, as well as the role of natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (Nramp) in WD have significantly contributed to our understanding of the immune regulation mechanism in salmonids against M. cerebralis. This review thoroughly highlights previous research and discusses potential future directions for understanding the molecular immune response of salmonids and the possible development of prophylactic approaches against WD.
Multi-Wavelength Photobiomodulation Ameliorates Sodium Iodate-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Rats
Authors: Goo Hyeyoon , Lee Min Young , Lee Yea-Jin , Lee Sangkeun , Ahn Jin-Chul , Hong Namgue
Published: December 2023

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a global health challenge. AMD causes visual impairment and blindness, particularly in older individuals. This multifaceted disease progresses through various stages, from asymptomatic dry to advanced wet AMD, driven by various factors including inflammation and oxidative stress. Current treatments are effective mainly for wet AMD; the therapeutic options for dry AMD are limited. Photobiomodulation (PBM) using low-energy light in the red-to-near-infrared range is a promising treatment for retinal diseases. This study investigated the effects of multi-wavelength PBM (680, 780, and 830 nm) on sodium iodate-induced oxidatively damaged retinal tissue. In an in vivo rat model of AMD induced by sodium iodate, multi-wavelength PBM effectively protected the retinal layers, reduced retinal apoptosis, and prevented rod bipolar cell depletion. Furthermore, PBM inhibited photoreceptor degeneration and reduced retinal pigment epithelium toxicity. These results suggest that multi-wavelength PBM may be a useful therapeutic strategy for AMD, mitigating oxidative stress, preserving retinal integrity, and preventing apoptosis.
Signaling in Legume–Rhizobia Symbiosis
Authors: Shumilina Julia , Soboleva Alena , Abakumov Evgeny , Shtark Oksana Y. , Zhukov Vladimir A. , Frolov Andrej
Published: December 2023

Legumes represent an important source of food protein for human nutrition and animal feed. Therefore, sustainable production of legume crops is an issue of global importance. It is well-known that legume-rhizobia symbiosis allows an increase in the productivity and resilience of legume crops. The efficiency of this mutualistic association strongly depends on precise regulation of the complex interactions between plant and rhizobia. Their molecular dialogue represents a complex multi-staged process, each step of which is critically important for the overall success of the symbiosis. In particular, understanding the details of the molecular mechanisms behind the nodule formation and functioning might give access to new legume cultivars with improved crop productivity. Therefore, here we provide a comprehensive literature overview on the dynamics of the signaling network underlying the development of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. Thereby, we pay special attention to the new findings in the field, as well as the principal directions of the current and prospective research. For this, here we comprehensively address the principal signaling events involved in the nodule inception, development, functioning, and senescence.
Jacalin-Curcumin Complex Sensitizes the Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cell Line
Authors: Petrova Lidiya , Gergov Nikolay , Stoup Marie , Zapryanova Silvina , Van Damme Els J. M. , Lebègue Nicolas , Liberelle Maxime , Zasheva Diana , Bogoeva Vanya
Published: December 2023

Protein–drug interactions are crucial for understanding drug delivery and cell functions. Jacalin is a suitable molecule for such targeting, as it specifically recognizes the tumor-associated Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen that is expressed on the glycosylated proteins in cancer cells. The present paper describes the interaction of curcumin and jacalin, a possible carrier molecule for the delivery of antitumor drugs due to its ability to recognize tumor cells. Our results have shown that both steady-state fluorescence and fluorescent labelling of jacalin are two reliable methods to determine jacalin-curcumin interactions. The affinity of jacalin for curcumin is consistently within the micromolar range (using fluorescence and microscale thermophoresis) showing high-affinity binding of the complex. In vitro experiments on triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells indicated inhibition of cell growth after treating with the jacalin-curcumin complex for 48 h. The cell survival fraction was significantly reduced to 50% after combined treatment. In this paper, we report for the first time about the jacalin-curcumin interaction. We quantified this unique biomolecular interaction and gathered additional information on the binding event. We observed that the jacalin-curcumin complex inhibits the proliferation of the triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
Fucoxanthin Abrogates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Modulating Sirtuin 1 in Macrophages
Authors: Kang Hyunju , Kim Seon-Chil , Oh Youngkee
Published: December 2023

Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting the normal function of both immune and metabolic systems, leading to inflammation and metabolic disturbances. To address the pressing requirement for protection against IR, fucoxanthin (FX), a naturally occurring compound extracted from algae, was utilized as an efficient radioprotective agent in macrophages. In this study, we cultured murine RAW 264.7 macrophages and treated them with FX, along with agents influencing the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and estrogen receptor α (ERα), to investigate their impact on IR-induced cellular responses. FX significantly attenuated IR-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes (Il1b, Tnf, and Ccl2) and inhibited macrophage polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Additionally, FX regulated IR-induced metabolic genes mediating glycolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis. The ability of FX to mitigate IR-induced inflammation and glycolysis was ascribed to the expression and activity of SIRT1 and ERα in macrophages. This study not only uncovers the underlying mechanisms of FX's radioprotective properties but also highlights its potential as a protective agent against the detrimental effects of IR, thus offering new opportunities for enhancing radiation protection in the future.
Deep Learning Equalizer Connected with Viterbi-Viterbi Algorithm for PAM D-Band Radio over Fiber Link
Authors: Xie Tangyao , Sheng Qiang , Yu Jianguo
Published: December 2023

D-band (110–170 GHz) has been regarded as a potential candidate for the future 6G wireless network because of its large available bandwidth. At present, the lack of electrical amplifiers operating in the high frequency band and the strong nonlinear effect, i.e., the D-band, are still important problems. Therefore, effective methods to mitigate the nonlinear issue resulting from the ROF link are indispensable, among of which machine learning is considered the most effective paradigm to model the nonlinear behavior due to its nonlinear active function and structure. In order to reduce the computation amount and burden, a novel deep learning neural network equalizer connected with typical mathematical frequency offset estimation (FOE) and carrier phase recovery (CPR) algorithms is proposed. We implement D-band 45 Gbaud PAM-4 and 20 Gbaud PAM-8 ROF transmission simulations, and the simulation results show that the real value neural network (RVNN) equalizer connected with the Viterbi-Viterbi algorithm exhibits better compensation ability for nonlinear impairment, especially when dealing with serious inter-symbol interference and nonlinear effects. In our experiment, we employ coherent detection to further improve the receiver sensitivity, so a complex baseband signal after down conversion at the receiver is inherently produced. In this scenario, the complex value neural network (CVNN) and RVNN equalizer connected with the Viterbi-Viterbi algorithm have better BER performance with an error rate lower than the HD-FEC threshold of 3.8 × 10−3.
Mathematical Camera Array Optimization for Face 3D Modeling Application
Authors: Alsadik Bashar , Spreeuwers Luuk , Dadrass Javan Farzaneh , Manterola Nahuel
Published: December 2023

Camera network design is a challenging task for many applications in photogrammetry, biomedical engineering, robotics, and industrial metrology, among other fields. Many driving factors are found in the camera network design including the camera specifications, object of interest, and type of application. One of the interesting applications is 3D face modeling and recognition which involves recognizing an individual based on facial attributes derived from the constructed 3D model. Developers and researchers still face difficulty in reaching the required high level of accuracy and reliability needed for image-based 3D face models. This is caused among many factors by the hardware limitations and imperfection of the cameras and the lack of proficiency in designing the ideal camera-system configuration. Accordingly, for precise measurements, we still need engineering-based techniques to ascertain the specific level of deliverables quality. In this paper, an optimal geometric design methodology of the camera network is presented by investigating different multi-camera system configurations composed of four up to eight cameras. A mathematical nonlinear constrained optimization technique is applied to solve the problem and each camera system configuration is tested for a facial 3D model where a quality assessment is applied to conclude the best configuration. The optimal configuration is found to be a 7-camera array, comprising a pentagon shape enclosing two additional cameras, offering high accuracy. For those who prioritize point density, a 9-camera array with a pentagon and quadrilateral arrangement in the X-Z plane is a viable choice. However, a 5-camera array offers a balance between accuracy and the number of cameras.
Editorial to the Special Issue Sensors and Signal Analysis for Dynamic Measurement in Industrial Process
Authors: Jiang Yandan , Soleimani Manuchehr , Liang Guanghui
Published: December 2023

Measurement is the front-end basis of information acquisition [...]
A Literature Review on the Development and Creation of Digital Twins, Cyber-Physical Systems, and Product-Service Systems
Authors: Fett Michel , Wilking Fabian , Goetz Stefan , Kirchner Eckhard , Wartzack Sandro
Published: December 2023

Digital Twins offer vast potential, yet many companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, hesitate to implement them. This hesitation stems partly from the challenges posed by the interdisciplinary nature of creating Digital Twins. To address these challenges, this paper explores systematic approaches for the development and creation of Digital Twins, drawing on relevant methods and approaches presented in the literature. Conducting a systematic literature review, we delve into the development of Digital Twins while also considering analogous concepts, such as Cyber-Physical Systems and Product-Service Systems. The compiled literature is categorised into three main sections: holistic approaches, architecture, and models. Each category encompasses various subcategories, all of which are detailed in this paper. Through this comprehensive review, we discuss the findings and identify research gaps, shedding light on the current state of knowledge in the field of Digital Twin development. This paper aims to provide valuable insights for practitioners and researchers alike, guiding them in navigating the complexities associated with the implementation of Digital Twins.
Monitoring of a Productive Blue-Green Roof Using Low-Cost Sensors
Authors: Akhie Afsana Alam , Joksimovic Darko
Published: December 2023

Considering the rising concern over climate change and the need for local food security, productive blue-green roofs (PBGR) can be an effective solution to mitigate many relevant environmental issues. However, their cost of operation is high because they are intensive, and an economical operation and maintenance approach will render them as more viable alternative. Low-cost sensors with the Internet of Things can provide reliable solutions to the real-time management and distributed monitoring of such roofs through monitoring the plant as well soil conditions. This research assesses the extent to which a low-cost image sensor can be deployed to perform continuous, automated monitoring of a urban rooftop farm as a PBGR and evaluates the thermal performance of the roof for additional crops. An RGB-depth image sensor was used in this study to monitor crop growth. Images collected from weekly scans were processed by segmentation to estimate the plant heights of three crops species. The devised technique performed well for leafy and tall stem plants like okra, and the correlation between the estimated and observed growth characteristics was acceptable. For smaller plants, bright light and shadow considerably influenced the image quality, decreasing the precision. Six other crop species were monitored using a wireless sensor network to investigate how different crop varieties respond in terms of thermal performance. Celery, snow peas, and potato were measured with maximum daily cooling records, while beet and zucchini showed sound cooling effects in terms of mean daily cooling.
Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety Behavior in Company X in Indonesia
Authors: Hertanto Arief , Erwandi Dadan , Widanarko Baiduri , Tejamaya Mila
Published: December 2023

Throughout 2019–2021, there was a considerable rise in total work accident cases in Indonesia, increasing from 210,789 to 234,370. According to the location of the incident, accident cases in the workplace also escalated from 139,999 to 144,929. The purpose of this study was to measure the maturity level of the safety climate at Company X in Indonesia and analyze its relationship with safety behavior. This was a quantitative study on a total of 200 respondents using a questionnaire as the data collection method. A structured questionnaire was used to capture the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, the safety climate, and safety behavior. Respondents participated in this study by responding to the items in the questionnaire distributed. The findings of this study indicated that the maturity level of the safety climate at Company X was at the adequate level with a very strong relationship between the sub-dimensional variables and safety climate. The relationship between safety climate and safety behavior was quite strong. This study emphasized that an increase in the level of safety climate could improve safety behavior. Therefore, increasing safety climate level is effective to reduce the incidence of occupational accidents.
PENGUKURAN INDEKS OVITRAP TERHADAP POPULASI TELUR Aedes sp.
Authors: Soraya Soraya , Anggraeni Yunita , Setiawati Hani
Published: December 2023

Aedes sp. merupakan nyamuk yang dapat berperan sebagai vector berbagai macam penyakit, diantaranya demam berdarah dengue (DBD). Lingkungan pendidikan merupakan salah satu tempat yang potensial untuk penyebaran penyakit DBD. Pada masa pandemi seperti sekarang ini, tentunya membuat aktivitas mahasiswa menjadi kurang efektif di kampus dikarenakan adanya kebijakan PPKM dari Pemerintah, sehingga membuat petugas kebersihan menjadi kurang intense dalam membersihkan gedung ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kehadiran serta kepadatan nyamuk Aedes sp. dengan nilai persentase Indeks Ovitrap (IO) yang berada di lingkungan kampus Politeknik Piksi Ganesha Bandung. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengamati ovitrap, dan menghitung Indeks Ovitrap. Pemasangan ovitrap diletakkan di dalam dan diluar ruangan di setiap gedung kampus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 28 Ovitrap yang dipasang di kampus Politeknik Piksi Ganesha Bandung, jumlah Ovitrap positif sebanyak 12 dengan persentase Indeks Ovitrap sebesar 42,85%. Kriteria Indeks Ovitrap untuk lokasi penelitian memiliki skor 4 (IO ≥ 40%) yang menunjukkan wilayah tersebut memiliki potensi kerawanan penyakit DBD tinggi. Pada penelitian selanjutnya perlu memperhatikan pelabelan dan sosialisasi terhadap pemasangan Ovitrap, serta perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait dengan angka bebas jentik serta identifikasi terhadap spesies Aedes yang berada di lingkungan kampus.
Importancia de la ganadería sustentable en el pastoreo de rumiantes
Authors: Hernández Armando Pacheco , Mendoza Luis Fernando Hernández , Melo Usland Atilano Carpio , Gutiérrez Joaquín Gutiérrez , Pérez Juan Vidal Alonso
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se hará referencia sobre la importancia en la ganadería sustentable a cuestión de los rumiantes, como lo que son los ovinos y caprinos. La cual promueve alternativas que mejoran la productividad y conservan el ambiente, por ejemplo, para enfrentar los largos periodos de sequía, las tierras de pastoreo con mayor diversidad de plantas adaptadas al entorno, tanto leguminosas, árboles y pastos garantizan una mayor resistencia a las perturbaciones ambientales al estabilizar la productividad. México tiene oportunidad para elevar la productividad con un enfoque sustentable; actualmente, la producción en pastoreo de las zonas tropicales en México está por debajo de la obtenida en el trópico y subtrópico de Florida, y representa un tercio de la australiana. Para que la ganadería proporcione mayores beneficios, debemos gestionar de manera integral los sistemas ganaderos, no de forma aislada, donde la interacción suelo/planta/animal y ambiente conforman un sistema y cada modificación impacta en la eficiencia productiva y económica. La ganadería sostenible forma parte de las alternativas para revertir el deterioro del suelo y agua, disminuir la pérdida de biodiversidad y aumentar eficiencia técnica, sustituyendo los sistemas extensivos predominantes en el trópico mexicano, insostenibles a largo plazo.
Biocompatible Biphasic Iontronics Enable Neuron-Like Ionic Signal Transmission
Authors: Wang Xiaoyi , Ivanov Aleksandar P. , Edel Joshua B.
Published: December 2023

Biocompatible connections between external artificial devices and living organisms show promise for future neuroprosthetics and therapeutics. The study in
Science
by Zhao and colleagues introduces a cascade-heterogated biphasic gel (HBG) iontronic device, which facilitates electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transduction for abiotic–biotic interfaces. Inspired by neuron signaling, the HBG device demonstrated its biocompatibility by regulating neural activity in biological tissue, paving the way for wearable and implantable devices, including brain–computer interfaces.
Філософське мистецтво як реалість практичної філософії: досвід Григорія Сковороди
Authors: Хамітов Назіп , Крилова Світлана
Published: December 2023

Очевидно припустити, що країна, в якій маємо діалог науки, есеїстики,
публіцистики й мистецтва, здатна до світоглядної суб’єктності і проявляє
виражену національну стійкість [1]. Такий діалог, який виходить на світоглядний
рівень, можна назвати філософським мистецтвом в широкому сенсі слова.
Саме в ньому виявляється реальність практичної філософії, адже філософське
мистецтво здатне впливати і на розум, і на серце, дозволяючи усвідомити
й розв’язати як екзистенціальні, так і соціальні проблеми і кризи. Безпосередній
перехід теоретичної філософії у практичну породжує її нежиттєві
форми, які можуть ставати тією політичною ідеологією, яка пригнічує
особистість. Жодні правильні моральні принципи й імперативи, що закладають
в основу практичної філософії, не здатні гуманізувати її, якщо вона
не наповнена сердечністю, свободою й поліфонічністю образного мислення
і дії. Натомість філософська есеїстика, філософська публіцистика й філософське
мистецтво (у строгому сенсі) олюднюють жорсткість філософських теорій
і не дають практичній філософії на їх основі перетворюватися на ідеологію
світоглядного поневолення.
Постконвеційність патріотизму Григорія Сковороди
Authors: Бойченко Михайло , Бойченко Наталія
Published: December 2023

Точиться чимало дискусій щодо того, чи був Сковорода патріотом
України, чи взагалі можна називати його свідомим українцем, якщо він
при цьому безумовно жив і творив як людина світу, як справжній європеєць,
як людина, яка прийшла до Бога, розірвавши пута конфесійних розбіжностей?
Життя Сковороди ніяк не вписується в поширені за його часів суспільні
конвенції – політичні, релігійні, естетичні тощо. Він по факту являв собою живе
втілення постконвенційності – того універсалізму, який неможливо редукувати
до якоїсь партійної позиції. Водночас, справжній універсалізм не може бути
абстрактним – він виростає на рідному ґрунті, неминуче живиться місцевими
традиціями не менше, аніж тією духовною спадщиною, яка давно вийшла
за кордони одного народу. Яким же чином поєднуються ці дві, на перший
погляд, протилежні позиції – постконвенційність і патріотичність – спробуємо
оцінити, звернувшись спочатку до феномену самого Григорія Сковороди,
а потім – до специфіки постконвенційної концептуалізації.
ДОБРОЧЕСНІСТЬ ТА ЇЇ МІСЦЕ В ФІЛОСОФІЇ ГРИГОРІЯ СКОВОРОДИ
Authors: Пономаренко Оксана
Published: December 2023

В сучасній українській культурі поняття доброчесності стає все більш
вживаним, воно торкається усіх сфер життя та діяльності людей: економіки,
політики, права, релігії, національних відносин, освіти, сім’ї тощо. Попри часте
звернення до цього слова, залишається відкритим питання щодо його
змістового наповнення. Найчастіше це поняття пов’язують з етикою (різними
напрямами моральної філософії та прикладної етики), поведінкою людини,
її вчинками та діями, мораллю.
Останнім часом в нашому суспільстві особлива увага прикута
до доброчесності в освітньому просторі. Поняття академічної доброчесності
закріплене в українському законодавстві в статті 42 Закону України
«Про освіту», де вказується, що «академічна доброчесність – це сукупність
принципів та визначених законом правил, якими мають керуватися учасники
освітнього процесу під час навчання, викладання та провадження наукової
(творчої) діяльності з метою забезпечення довіри до результатів навчання
та/або наукових (творчих) досягнень» [7].
HARGA SAHAM DIPENGARUHI OLEH PENGEMBALIAN ASET DAN RASIO UTANG TERHADAP EKUITAS PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR FARMASI INDUSTRI BARANG DAN KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Rahma Nisa Larasati  , Rosdiana
Published: December 2023

To analyze the effect of Return On Assets and Debt to Equity Ratio on Stock Prices of Companies in the Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector of the Goods and Consumer Industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study used the purposive sampling method. The analytical method used multiple and simple linear regression. The results of this study show that return on asset and debt to equity ratio simultaneously have a significant effect on the stock value of pharmaceutical sub-sector companies in the Goods and Consumer Industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange . While partially return on assets and debt to equity ratio affect stock price.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, DAN STRES KERJA TERHADAP PERILAKU KERJA KONTRAPRODUKTIF KARYAWAN PT HARDCASE GALERI INDONESIA
Authors: Ani Supriyani  , Awan Santosa
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze the influence of leadership style, emotional intelligence, and work stress on counterproductive work behaviour of employees at PT Hardcase Galeri Indonesia. The data collection method is survey method using questionnaires. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The result showed that leadership style, emotional intelligence, and work stress had a significant influence on counterproductive work behaviour.