bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USO DE ATRIBUTOS PEDOLÓGICOS NA COMPREENSÃO DA GÊNESE DE SUPERFÍCIES GEOMORFOLÓGICAS ESCALONADAS DA BORDA OESTE DO PLANALTO DO ESPINHAÇO MERIDIONAL / MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL
Authors: Simões Patricia Lage , Valadão Roberto Célio , Oliveira Cristiane Valéria , Oliveira Fábio Soares
Published: July 2020

Investigações de campo efetivadas em trecho da borda oeste do Planalto do Espinhaço Meridional comprovaram que o seu relevo se encontra organizado em escadaria, cujos patamares modelados em rochas siliciclásticas, configuram distintas unidades geomorfológicas. Essa organização suscitou indagações acerca do grau de intemperismo dos solos que revestem essas unidades geomorfológicas, como também da possível relação verificada entre esse grau e a gênese e dinâmica do relevo. Na busca de responder a essas indagações foram coletadas vinte e nove amostras de solo em três perfis na Unidade Geomorfológica I, cuja altitude aproximada é de 1400m, e quatro amostras na Unidade IV, posicionada em altitude média de 1250m. As coletas ocorreram em litologias semelhantes em ambas as unidades com vistas a viabilizar a análise comparativa entre os resultados dos atributos pedológicos das amostras de solo. Em tais amostras foram elaboradas análises granulométrica, mineralógica, pH, fertilidade, ataque sulfúrico, extração de ferro livre e formas de baixa cristalinidade. Além disso, este estudo utilizou métodos de análise da micromorfologia e de obtenção de imagens em microscópio petrográfico e MEV, empregados na investigação da estrutura dos agregados e da organização dos poros de lâminas de solo dos horizontes diagnósticos de três solos da Unidade I e seis da Unidade IV. Os resultados das relações silte/argila, Ki e de Fed/Fes indicam que os solos desenvolvidos na Unidade I registram maior grau intempérico e, consequentemente, sinaliza seu estágio mais evoluído quando comparados àqueles presentes na Unidade IV. Por meio da análise micromorfológica se observou que a organização e formação da porosidade e o desenvolvimento da estrutura plásmica dos solos da Unidade I, principalmente os horizontes 2C2 do P1 e C5 do P2, sugerem ser esses mais evoluídos, quando comparados aos solos da Unidade IV. Esses resultados reforçam a hipótese de que há uma relação morfogenética entre as referidas unidades de relevo, de modo que a superfície posicionada em altimetria mais rebaixada teve sua origem a partir do desmantelamento denudacional da superfície de cimeira sob forte condicionamento da estrutura geológica regional.
O USO DE MÉTODOS DE MAPEAMENTO AUTOMÁTICO DE RELEVO PARA ANÁLISE DE FORMAS GLACIAIS
Authors: Petsch Carina , De Souza Robaina Luís Eduardo , Trentin Romario , Rosa Kátia Kellem da , Figueiredo Anderson Ribeiro de , Simões Jefferson Cardia
Published: July 2020

O mapeamento geomorfológico de ambientes glaciais pode ser mais preciso com a aplicação da classificação digital gerada por Modelos Digitais de Elevação (MDEs). Este artigo avalia o potencial da metodologia geomorphon para a identificação de tipos de formas de relevo em ambientes glaciais de montanha. São propostas novas nomenclaturas para a classificação obtida diretamente por geomorphon quando aplicado ao mapeamento geomorfológico glacial. O método será chamado de Classificação Digital Revisada por Elementos de Geomorphon (Revised Geomorphon Digital Classification – RGDC). Parâmetros morfométricos e hidrológicos, extraídos dos MDEs SRTMGL 1 e ALOS PALSAR, em um setor da Cordilheira Branca, Peru, foram utilizados na nova proposta de classificação. As classes identificadas foram interpretadas como formas de picos piramidais (horns), arestas (arêtes), arestas fortemente retrabalhadas pelo intemperismo, morainas de avanço, encostas, vales em circo (anfiteatro), vales em U e vales em V. A classe de arestas é a mais facilmente identificada utilizando os geomorphons, o mesmo ocorrendo para classes de picos piramidais. Os resultados mostram o potencial do método automático de classificação digital de MDEs para o mapeamento de tipos de formas de relevo glacial. As morainas de maior amplitude topográfica foram facilmente identificadas devido à resolução espacial e acurácia vertical dos MDEs utilizados. O método geomorphon identifica mais tipos de relevo do que metodologias clássicas de identificação de formas de relevo por MDEs, 7 tipos de relevo, enquanto os métodos Dikau et al (1995) e ITP só fornecem 3 tipos. Já o MDE do ALOS PALSAR, com maior resolução espacial, não apresenta diferença na identificação de formas de relevo. O mapeamento gerado pode melhorar a reconstrução da evolução geomorfológica, apoiando a interpretação paleoglaciológica e o entendimento da ocupação territorial ao longo do Holoceno.
MAPEAMENTO DO REGOLITO LATERÍTICO E ASPECTOS MORFOPEDOGENÉTICOS DA PORÇÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Iza E Herrera Isabel Leonor , Pereira da Silva Filho Eliomar , Herrera de F Iza Edgar Romeo
Published: July 2020

O mapeamento do regolito é utilizado amplamente com o objetivo de compreender aspectos da evolução da paisagem, exploração mineral e aspectos hidrológicos, sendo útil também para soluções de manejo da terra e solo, entre outras diversas aplicações. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho é integrar dados multifonte no intuito de mapear o regolito, buscando melhor compreensão da distribuição dos materiais regolíticos e dos processos modeladores da paisagem. Em termos morfopedogenéticos, a área foi dividida em 4 compartimentos: Compartimento I, região noroeste, na margem esquerda do rio Madeira, coberta por latossolos em altitudes entre 80 e 110 m com exposição de crostas lateríticas associadas a relevo suavemente ondulado; Compartimento II, região centro-oeste da área de estudo, coberta por latossolos em altitudes menores que 120 m e exposição de crostas lateríticas entre 120 e 150 m de altitude; Compartimento III, porção central da área com uma extensa área plana com altitudes de até 120 m com raras exposições de crostas lateríticas; e Compartimento IV, região leste coberta por latossolos com altitudes menores que 150 m e exposição de crostas lateríticas acima de 150m. O cruzamento dos dados gamaspectrométricos (crostas lateríticas) com os dados aeromagnetométricos propiciou a identificação das possíveis rochas fontes das crostas lateríticas, havendo associação tanto com rochas com tendências mais magnéticas, relacionadas a litologias básicas quanto a rochas com tendências menos magnéticas, relacionadas a litoglogias félsicas. Por fim, o mapeamento do regolito contribuiu para a identificação de 8 unidades regolíticas presentes na área, sendo elas latossolos associados a relevo suavemente ondulado, latossolos argilosos associados a planícies sem a presença de morrotes e afloramentos de matacões rochosos, latossolos arenosos associados a planícies com a presença de afloramentos de matacões rochosos, morrotes e platôs, cambissolos associados a planícies, crostas lateríticas associadas a relevo suavemente ondulado, crostas lateríticas associadas a platôs, sedimentos aluvionares associados a planícies de inundação e afloramentos rochosos graníticos. Estes resultados mostraram-se úteis para interpretações geomorfológicas, assim como para a identificação de áreas mais ou menos favoráveis para a agricultura, considerando sua respectiva fertilidade, e para a construção civil, considerando a utilidade do cascalho laterítico, podendo também contribuir em estudos voltados para o planejamento urbano/rural, por destacar a ocorrência de materiais superficiais assim como as respectivas formas de relevo associadas.
MAPEAMENTO DE DOLINAS: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES DO USO DE MODELOS DIGITAIS DE ELEVAÇÃO
Authors: Ferreira Cristiano Fernandes , Uagoda Rogério Elias Soares
Published: July 2020

As dolinas são feições indicadoras do sistema cárstico e além de atestarem processos evolutivos, também apresentam importância no contexto das dinâmicas hídricas e ambientais. O mapeamento dessas feições serve como base para diversas análises da paisagem e exige grande dispêndio de tempo e recursos, com significativa subjetividade inerente à técnica de aquisição ou à problemas de escala. A melhoria da resolução espacial nas bases de dados permitiu maior precisão nos mapeamentos de dolinas com o uso de modelos digitais de elevação e técnicas de geoprocessamento, automatizadas ou manuais. Entretanto, as dificuldades de detecção dos pontos de absorção que individualizam as dolinas, e os limites estabelecidos para seu perímetro dificultam a comparação entre estudos, agregando incertezas nos atributos espaciais como área, profundidade e eixo principal. Neste artigo são discutidas as principais metodologias de mapeamento de dolinas e sintetizadas as estratégias mais utilizadas para superar erros de omissão de feições verdadeiras, problemas com a detecção de falsos positivos e a delimitação mais precisa das depressões cársticas.
A comprovisação Hiatos: perspectivas contemporâneas sobre a interação entre improvisação e composição
Authors: Brasil Mario Lima , Bacellar Rafael Andrino
Published: July 2020

Este artigo pretende investigar a relação entre composição e improvisação musical no contexto estético da música contemporânea, tendo por base a noção de improvisação não idiomática (improvisação livre). Aborda-se tal relação inicialmente a partir de um panorama histórico da ontologia por trás do conceito de obra musical segundo os escritos de Treitler (1993), delineando-se a predominância de um senso hierárquico entre partitura (escrita por um compositor) e interpretação (desenvolvida por um performer). Ao se apresentar uma conceituação sobre improvisação musical e sua relação histórica de oposição à composição, são expostas ideias de Bailey (1993), Falleiros (2006) e Canonne (2016). Trabalha-se com o conceito de comprovisação, conforme delimitado por autores como Bhagwati (2014) e Aliel (2017). A obra musical de Richard Barrett (2014) surge como exemplo de superação da hierarquia entre composição e improvisação por utilizar-se do conceito de improvisação semeada (seeded improvisation), um recurso criativo que engloba a improvisação livre por parte dos intérpretes no contexto de obras compostas com o uso de elementos notacionais. A partir desta ferramenta composicional, se desenvolveu a comprovisação Hiatos (BACELLAR, 2019). Concluiu-se que nesta obra foi amenizada a distância hierárquica entre compositor e performer através do emprego da improvisação e da escrita notacional, emergindo interações entre diferentes idiomas musicais. Destacam-se os aspectos interculturais como próprios da prática comprovisativa, os quais necessitam do desenvolvimento de ferramentas analíticas apropriadas.
Três obras didáticas de Melchior Cortez (1882-1947): o violão entre os métodos clássicos e a Escola Moderna
Authors: Amorim Humberto
Published: July 2020

Entre as décadas de 1920 e 1930, Melchior Cortez (1882-1947), português radicado o Rio de Janeiro desde os nove anos, concebeu três obras didáticas para violão publicadas por importantes editoras do Brasil e da Argentina (Casa Arthur Napoleão e Casa Romero y Fernandez): Exercícios Technicos Cromáticos (1927); Escola de Arpejos (1929); e os 27 Estudos para violão de Dionísio Aguado (1934). Ainda não abordadas em pesquisas sobre o tema, tais obras foram localizadas em acervos públicos e coleções particulares. Através de pesquisa documental e confronto com a bibliografia disponível, o artigo objetiva não somente apresentá-las e prover uma contextualização histórica inicial, mas também avaliar em que medida seus conteúdos eventualmente refletem a perspectiva de se fazer uma releitura dos autores-violonistas do período clássico à luz da Escola Moderna associada ao espanhol Francisco Tárrega (1852-1909).
Eunice Katunda e Pierre Verger: documentações pessoais, processos criativos e diálogos afro-brasileiros nos anos 1950 e 1960
Authors: Luhning Angela
Published: July 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir um tema quase desconhecido: a correspondência trocada entre a compositora Eunice Katunda e o fotógrafo e antropólogo Pierre Fatumbi Verger entre os anos de 1956 a 1968. Trata-se de um período importante na vida da compositora, no qual compôs suas obras voltadas para a temática afrobrasileira, inspirada nas suas vivências com o candomblé baiano, assunto pouco conhecido. A partir dos documentos epistolares, são analisadas tanto a visão compartilhada pelos dois amigos em relação ao papel desta religião na sociedade brasileira da época quanto suas características musicais e culturais, em geral. Além disso, o texto discute outras propostas e iniciativas tomadas pelos correspondentes em relação à cultura afro-brasileira e africana realizadas, ou não, na época. Desta forma o texto contribui para a compreensão não apenas da atuação de Katunda, mas também em relação à construção de uma discussão da temática da cultura afro-brasileira na área da música e estudos sobre músicas brasileiras no referido período, ainda mais levando em conta que a bibliografia sobre a obra e atuação de Eunice Katunda, em geral, é ainda reduzida.
Pembelajaran Thinking Actively in Social Context untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Higher Order Thinking Siswa SMA
Authors: Wardhani Irma Yuniar
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran Thinking Actively in Social Contexts (TASC) pada pembelajaran Biologi SMA disertai dengan panduan model yang layak untuk meningkatkan kemampuan higher order thinking. Penelitian ini menggunakan model 4D: define, design, develop, disseminate yang dikombinasikan dengan model Borg and Gall. Tahap define meliputi analisis kurikulum, karakteristik siswa, kegiatan siswa, materi dan tujuan pembelajaran. Tahap design meliputi pemilihan media, perancangan modifikasi sintaks, perancangan format panduan model, serta pembuatan produk awal. Tahap develop meliputi pengembangan model TASC disertai panduan model dengan penilaian oleh ahli dan uji pengembangan (uji coba terbatas dan uji coba lapangan). Tahap disseminate merupakan upaya penyebaran model TASC dilengkapi panduan model yang telah direvisi kepada beberapa pihak terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran TASC layak dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan higher order thinking siswa. Pencapaian nilai kemampuan higher order thinking mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan berdasarkan hasil pretest dan postes yang telah diuji dengan uji gain score dan uji t.

 

Kata kunci: Model pembelajaran TASC, higher order thinking.

 
Perbandingan Kandungan Serat Kasar Selai Cempedak yang Diperam Secara Tradisional dan Menggunakan Karbid
Authors: Dahlan Dwi Nur Aini
Published: July 2020

Buah cempedak merupakan salah satu buah yang banyak mengandung serat makanan. Teknologi pemeraman buah cempedak diduga memiliki dampak terhadap kandungan serat kasar terutama ketika diolah menjadi selai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pemeraman yang tepat untuk menghasilkan selai cempedak yang mengandung serat kasar positif untuk mendapatkan mutu terbaik selai cempedak. Analisis data menggunakan uji One Way Anava dengan bantuan SPSS statistic 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata dengan nilai signifikansi 0.55 pada kandungan serat kasar antara selai cempedak yang diperam secara tradisional dengan cempedak yang diperam dengan menggunakan karbit. Kandungan serat kasar selai cempedak yang diperam secara tradisional (nilai rata-rata: 0.75) lebih tinggi dibandingkan selai cempedak yang diperam dengan menggunakan karbit (nilai rata-rata: 0.49)
Kata kunci : Serat Kasar, Serat Kasar Selai, Selai Cempedak, Pemeraman Buah
Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Yang Chong , Li Juanjuan , Islam Faisal , Hu Luyang , Wang Jiansu , Wang Jian , Xu Ling , Zhou Weijun
Published: July 2020

Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Therefore, these functional genes related to increasing the plant tolerance or improving the crop quality, could be applied for the crop improvement..
Optimization of a virus-induced gene silencing system and functional elucidation of MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruits
Authors: liu juhua , Li Meng , Zhang Jing , Miao Hongxia , Wang Jingyi , Jia Caihong , Zhang Jianbin , Wang Zhuo , Xu Biyu , Jin Zhiqiang
Published: July 2020

Background: The genetic basis of metabolic pathways that operate during fruit ripening needs to be understood before the nutritional value of the banana can be improved. The banana is a typical starch conversion fruit, and β-amylase is a key enzyme that may play an important role in starch degradation during the ripening process. Musa acuminata β-amylase 9b (MaBAM9b) is closely related to starch degradation. However, its exact function in starch degradation has not been demonstrated in banana. Stable genetic transformation to identify gene function is time- and energy-consuming. Thus, an efficient and rapid method is needed for functional identification. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a reverse-genetics method based on RNA-mediated antiviral plant defense that has been used to rapidly identify gene functions in plants. The aim of this study is to optimize a VIGS system and functional elucidation of MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruits. Results: Using 0.5% iodine-potassium-iodide (I2-KI) staining for 150 s, we found that 1:3 TRV1:TRV2-MaBAM9b cultivated at 30 mmHg for 30 s to an optical density (OD) of 0.8 at 600 nm, and kept on Murashige & Skoog (MS) media for 5 days produced the best silencing results. Under these conditions, the total starch content was greatly increased, whereas the β-amylase activity, soluble sugar content, and expression of endogenous MaBAM9b greatly decreased. Conclusions: The system described here is particularly useful for studying genes and networks involved in starch conversion in fruit, which alone would not produce a visual phenotype. This system will provide a platform for functional genomics and fruit quality improvement in the banana.
Oral Health Knowledge, Awareness and Associated Practices of Pre-school Children’s Parents in Damascus, Syria: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Lala Sana , Kurdi Saleh Al , Kouchaji Chaza
Published: July 2020

Background: Oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children depends on the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of their parents. Parental education level, family background and family size play an important role in adapting oral hygiene practices. Also, oral health behaviors vary between boys and girls, and it is generally believed that girls are better at taking care of their oral hygiene than boys. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children (4-6 years old) and its correlation with their parent's education level, child gender and child order between his/her brothers in the family.Methods: A survey was conducted randomly among 270 parents of Damascus population. Access to the parents in the target age group was achieved through face-to-face interaction (14 parents), online (87 parents) and two different kindergartens in two different social areas (169 parents). A set of 17 questions were formulated, and the questionnaire was distributed. A comparison of the answers from the collected data was made on SPSS 24 using Chi-Square Tests.Results: Chi-Square Tests showed the important role of parental education level and its associated with regular dental visit (9.3%), temporary teeth treatment (48.1%), no early extracted teeth due to caries (48.5%) and no current caries (35.2%). On the other hand, there was no difference between child gender or order and daily oral hygiene practices.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of Parental education level in the quality of a child’s oral hygiene practices. Although some parents were aware of the importance of temporary teeth treatment and preventing caries through a regular dental visit, they weren’t aware of some deleterious oral habits.
Sirt1 Mediated High-Glucose-Induced Aβ Deposition and Cognitive Impairment through Activation of the TLR9/p53 Pathway
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhu Shiyu , Chen Jinliang , Zhao Yuxing , Zhou Jing , Cheng Luo , Qiong Lv , Liao Zhiyin , Zhao Kexiang , Gao Yuan , Wang Di , Xiao Qian
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a chronic central nervous system complication caused by diabetes mellitus (DM). β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition has been considered as the main cause of cognitive impairment in DE. Previous researches concerned the effect of canonical TLR9/Myd88 inflammatory pathway. However our study explored the function of non-inflammatory pathway of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), acting on Sirt1 to influence Aβ deposition and cognitive function in DE.Results: We found that, compared with DM mice, TLR9-/-DM mice performed better learning ability and short-term memory, along with lower Aβ in hippocampi, but could be reversed by Sirt1 inhabition. Furthermore, in vitro, after intervention with high glucose and p53 over-expressed lentiviral infection, we observed the positive results of TLR9 inhibition, such as Sirt1 up-regulation, Aβ reduction or cognitive improvement, were altered (all P<0.05).Conclusions: we considered that TLR9/p53/Sirt1 signalling pathway induced by high glucose are one of molecular mechanisms underlying DE. These results not only confirm the importance of blood glucose management but also provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of DE.
Trainee Doctors’ Perception of the Adequacy of Support During Their Intensive Care Attachment- A Phenomenological Study
Authors: ventour dale , O'Rouke Rebecca
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUNDThe perception of junior non-anaesthetic trainees’ educational support during their Intensive Care attachment was evaluated by this study using a phenomenological approach. The author in his role as College Tutor for Intensive Care was evaluating the factors within the Intensive Care environment which led to supporting the junior trainees in this tense environment and whether it can help trainees to adapt to changing doctor’s roles in the future. The aim was to evaluate the factors which influenced junior trainees learning and ability to effectively perform on a daily basis within the stressful intensive care environment.RESULTSThemes affecting learning included: Authority, Hierarchy, Safety, Intimidating environment, Disorientation, Friendliness, limited member of the team, Dreading on-call duties, communication and consultant input.CONCLUSIONThe author suggested a ‘tripod of critical care support’ with the junior doctor at the apex and three arms of support comprising; the nurses, consultants and the intensive care environment. These three components combine to form the ‘critical care culture’ which trains, nurtures and support critical care doctors. It is evident from the trainees’ interview that the presence of a critical care culture is a palpable entity with the nurses at the center reinforcing the status quo and the trainees need to be on the nurses ‘good side’ in order to maximize and enjoy their critical care rotation.
Knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal
Authors: Tharu Ramesh Prasad , Rawal Shirya
Published: July 2020

Background

Cardio vascular disease (CVD), a group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. It is the leading cause of death globally including Nepal. The major factors which increase the risks are tobacco chewing/smoking, raised blood cholesterol level, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, overweight, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, age, sex and heredity etc. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people residing in Dhamboji-1,Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal.
Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted for the study and entirely based on primary data collected through structured and self-administered questionnaires during the month of July 2019. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select 100 general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke. The collected data were analyzed and summarized through descriptive as well as inferential statistics using SPSS software (version 21). The descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies, percentage etc. and for the inferential part of the study, chi-square test (\({{\chi }}^{2}\)-test) was used.
Results

The results of the study revealed that among total 100 respondents; 33 (33.0%) of the respondents had poor knowledge, 35(35%) of the respondents had average knowledgee and 32(32.0%) had good level of knowledge regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease. Likewise, the majority of respondents 68(68.0%) had unfavourable attitude, 32(32.0%) had neutral attitude and none of the respondents had favourable towards risk factors of cardio vascular disease. There was significant association between knowledge and educational status (p value = 0.010) and types of family (p value = 0.031). However, there was no statistically significant association between attitude and other demographic variables such as age, sex, family income, occupation, educational status, types of family, religion, marital status, level of education, present illness and personal habit.
Conclusion

The findings of the study conclude that, though the attitude was unfavourable but the knowledge was average towards risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people. Thus, comprehensive interventions against all risk factors should be planned and implemented to reduce the future burden of CVD in general people of Nepal.
WITHDRAWN: A 10 Year Follow-up of Denture Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdentures
Authors: Mukilvannan Ghajanaa , Schriwer Christian , Lie Stein Atle , Berg Einar , Gjengedal Harald
Published: July 2020

Background: This 10-year follow-up study reports denture satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients treated with two-implant mandibular overdentures. Methods: This is a follow-up of a previous study carried out between 1997 – 2005. Originally, the patients were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving two- implant mandibular overdentures (IODs) and another, relined mandibular dentures (RCDs). The latter group were offered and accepted IODs at two years, which then became another IOD group. The main outcome variable of this study is patient opinion over time of the IODs. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire containing demographics, 15 variables of denture satisfaction, and 20 questions of the Oral Health-Related Impact Profile (OHIP-20). Comparison between groups were made with Mann-Whitney U-tests for denture variables and T-tests for OHIP-20 variables. Changes over time were analysed with multilevel linear models for denture variables and multilevel ordinal regression analyses for OHIP-20 variables.Results: Of the 54 original participants, 29 responded. Disregarding patients who had died at 10 years, this represented a response rate 76%. In the IOD group, the degree of denture satisfaction and OHIP-20 scores remained high and stable over the 10-years period for all but one variable. The RCD group showed a modest improvement of denture satisfaction and OHIP-20 scores for the first two years. After treatment with IODs, these variables improved at 10 years to the same level as the original IOD group.Conclusions: The positive effect on denture satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients treated with two-implant mandibular overdenture remains unchanged 10 years after treatment, confirming the advice that this should be the standard treatment for the edentulous mandible. Trial registration: This study was approved by Norwegian Committee for Medical Research Ethics in Norway, Health Region West (2017/618) the 16th of May 2017.
Predictive Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic assessment of pT0 prostate cancer: a case control study
Authors: Xu Jiangnan , Wang Chao , Ouyang Jun , Zhang Jianglei , Xu Zekun
Published: July 2020

Background: pT0 prostate cancer is relatively rare. We wanted to share and explore the predictive clinicopathological features and prognosis of biopsy-proven pT0 prostate cancer in Chinese population.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and prognostic data of 8 patients with pT0 prostate cancer who received radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution between 2006 and 2019. pT0 group was compared with a control group of 96 patients who underwent RP during the same period. Exclusion criteria included patients undergoing neoadjuvant hormone therapy or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) before the operation．Results: There were significant differences in the exposure rates of six clinicopathological features between two groups. Apart from finasteride use, the other five items were particularly frequent in the pT0 group: prostate-speciﬁc antigen (PSA) <10 ng/ml (7/8), one positive biopsy core only (7/8), biopsy Gleason score <7 (8/8), and prostate volume>40ml (7/8), length of biopsy positive for cancer≤2mm. When these five parameters were combined as predictive model, the sensitivity was 75%, the specificity was 99%. The 8 patients were followed up for an average of 67 months without biochemical recurrence or progression.Conclusions: Preoperative PSA, number of positive biopsy core, Gleason score, prostate volume, and the length of cancer can help predict pT0 stage of prostate cancer. Patients with pT0 stage had a relatively favorable prognosis.
Ischemic Stroke: An Emerging Complication of COVID-19
Authors: Hautecloque Geoffroy , sellal Francois , Gravier Simon , Bonijoly Thomas , Iltis Celine , Anthony Pierre , Renglewicz Catherine , Arentz-Dugay Marie-Hélène , Mohseni-Zadeh Mahsa , Martinot Martin
Published: July 2020

BackgroundCovid-19 affects mainly the respiratory tract but extra-pulmonary manifestations have been reported including neurologic disorders. Stroke is uncommonly reported in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. To assess the real burden of stroke during Covid-19 we performed a single-center review of stroke among patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19.MethodsWe retrospectively searched Colmar Hospital’s database for all the patients with laboratory confirmed Covid-19 who had a stroke between March 3 and April 21, 2020. Results We report seven cases (mean age 73 years) of ischemic stroke among 674 patients hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Three patients experienced a stroke during hospitalization, and four patients were tested positive 24 h after their admission for stroke. Patients with stroke experienced a predominance of cardioembolic mechanisms, high levels of inflammatory markers, and procoagulative states. ConclusionIschemic stroke is a serious threat in patients with Covid-19, mainly due to an embolic mechanism and cardiologists and neurologists must collaborate in management and prevention of stroke during the Covid-19 pandemic
Proteomic analysis reveals that Placenta-specific 9 induces cell proliferation and motility programs in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Wang Hai-Xia , Qin Xu-Hui , Shen Jinhua , Liu Qing-Hua , Shi Yun-Bo , Xue Lu
Published: July 2020

Background: Abnormal reprogramming of airway epithelium is a key cause of pulmonary diseases. The molecular mechanism underlying the abnormal reprogramming of airway epithelial cells (AECs) remains to be elucidated. Placenta-specific protein 9 (Plac9), a putative secretory protein, initially identified in placenta, has previously been shown to affect cell proliferation and motility in human embryonic hepatic cells. Results: Interestingly, we found that Plac9 was repressed in lung cancers (LCs) compared to the corresponding normal tissues. We further investigated the role of Plac9 in human bronchial epithelial cells by constructing a stable Plac9-overexpressing cell line (16HBE-GFP-Plac9) and analyzing the effect of Plac9 on cellular protein composition by using an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomic approach. By gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses, we found that GO terms and pathways associated with cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell motility/migration were significantly enriched among the proteins regulated by Plac9. Consistently, we observed that overexpression of Plac9 reduced cell proliferation and altered cell cycle progression. In addition, it also increased cell motility, including migration and invasion. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Plac9 inhibits cell proliferation through S phase arrest by altering cyclins/cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and promotes cell motility likely via the concerted actions of cyclins, E-cadherin and vimentin, which may underlie Plac9-mediated abnormal human bronchial pathogenesis.
Effect of Alpha-lipoic Acid Supplementation on Glycemic Control in the Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kaviyani Nafiseh , Keshavarz Seyed Ali , Abbasi Behnood
Published: July 2020

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome is a collection of metabolic disorders. It is an important risk factor for progression towards type 2 diabetes and coronary artery diseases. Alpha-lipoic acid also plays a role as a co-factor for multi-enzyme complexes catalyzing oxidative. Antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are associated with insulin-like effects. The present study examined the effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on glycemic control in the patients with metabolic syndrome.MethodsA total of 46 patients with metabolic syndrome have participated in this double-blind randomized parallel-group clinical trial, 23 patients in one group received 600 mg of alpha-lipoic acid supplement and 23 patients in another group received the placebo for 12 weeks. RCT protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov and it is available using NCT03589690 code. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Serum insulin, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance, were measured at the beginning and the end of the study. Dietary intake of participants was examined at the beginning of the study and this information was evaluated using Nutritionist 4 (N4) software. Studied information was analyzed by SPSS-24 software.ResultsThere were significant decreases in FBS levels (P = 0.009), serum insulin (P = 0.02), and insulin resistance (P = 0.001) between the two groups. Also, the HbA1c levels (P = 0.16) had no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionALA is a potent antioxidant that it might be able to improve the blood glucose levels, serum insulin and insulin resistance; thus it will have positive effects on promoting the health levels in the patients with metabolic syndrome.Trial registrationNCT03589690
Core intestinal microbiomes of planktivorous and algae-farming coral reef damselfishes (Actinopterygii: Pomacentridae) reflects feeding behaviour
Authors: Kavazos Christopher Ronald James , Leggat William , Casey Jordan , Choat John Howard , Ainsworth Tracy D.
Published: July 2020

Background: Fish harbour diverse microbiomes within their gastro-intestinal system that effect the host’s digestion, nutrition and immunity. Despite the great taxonomic diversity of fish, little is understood about fish microbiome diversity and the factors that determine its structure and composition. Damselfish are important coral reef fish species that play a strong role in determining algae and coral structure of reefs. Broadly, damselfish belong to either of two trophic guilds based on whether they are planktivorous or algae-farming. In this study, we use 16s rRNA sequencing to interrogate the intestinal microbiome of 10 damselfish species (Pomacentridae) from the Great Barrier Reef to compare the composition of their intestinal bacterial assemblages across the planktivorous and algae-farming trophic guilds.Results: We identify core intestinal bacterial taxa for each host fish species. Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the genus Actinobacillus, were detected in 80 % of sampled individuals and suggests a possible core member of pomacentrid microbiomes. Core microbiomes of algae-farming species were more diverse than planktivorous species with farming species sharing 35 ± 22 ASVs and planktivorous sharing 7 ± 3 ASVs. We also provide evidence for significant shifts in bacterial community composition along the intestines. We show that Bacteroidia, Clostridia and Mollicutes bacteria are more abundant in the anterior intestinal regions while Gammaproteobacteria are generally highest in the stomach. Finally, we highlight differences in microbiomes associated with both trophic guilds. Algae-farming and planktivorous damselfish host species significantly differed in their composition of bacteria belonging to Vibrionaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Pasteurellaceae.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that core intestinal bacterial communities of damselfish reflect host species diet and feeding behaviour, whereby algae-farming hosts have larger and more diverse core microbiomes than planktivorous hosts. We suggest that the trophic guild of a host fish species is a strong determinant of microbiome structure.
Rapid Screening Diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 Infection With IgM-igG Combined Antibody Test Using Peripheral Blood
Authors: Li Zhengtu , Li Shaoqiang , Wang Youwei , Liao Yongkang , Chen Hui , Cheng Jing , Lin Ye , Chen Zhaoming , Sun Kangjun , Zhang Min , Wang Mindie , Wang Xinni , Yang Xinyan , Cai Wensheng , Zhan Yangqing , Li Shiyue , Zhong Nanshan , Ye Feng
Published: July 2020

Background

Rapid and convenient screening for identification of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals are key to prevent and control this pandemic.
Methods

The peripheral blood samples were collected from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and asymptomatic carriers to evaluate the test characteristics of the IgM-IgG combined assay for SARS-CoV-2 compared to that of serum samples and enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Close contacts, healthcare workers and workforces were recruited and screened using this assay.
Results

The sensitivity of the rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 using peripheral blood (sued as a POCT) was 97.0% and the specificity was 99.2%, which was consistent with the result obtained using serum sample (consistency is about 100%). Furthermore, this POCT assay also can detect IgM and IgG antibodies of SARS-CoV‐2 in asymptomatic carriers, with 19 of the 20 RT-PCR confirmed asymptomatic carriers testing positive. Therefore, this POCT assay was used for population screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis. First, it found 4 positive close contacts among the 10 cases, and there were three IgM positive cases and one IgG positive case among them. It is worth noting that the IgM positive cases also tested positive for the nucleic acid of the SARS-CoV-2. Second, there was one IgM positive assay among the 63 healthcare workers, but RT-PCR of SARS CoV-2 was negative. Third, for workforces screening, there were no positive cases.
Conclusions

The IgM-IgG combined antibody test of SARS-CoV-2 can be used as a POCT for rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A Self-Selected Movement Classification Method for Forearm Via sEMG and Attitude Sensor
Authors: Zhang Lei
Published: July 2020

Objective: The use of surface electromyography (sEMG) to realize the recognition of the movement intention can realize the control of the artificial hand or the robot, and can help the rehabilitation training for hemiplegia or muscle weakness. However, the sEMG are weak and susceptible to external interference, so the current research focuses on identifying certain types of movements. But once the subjects are changed, the recognition accuracy will greatly reduce. This study proposes a classification method which the subject could choose optional movements of forearm.Methods: Two sEMG sensors were used, and a 9-axis attitude sensor was added to the wrist. 8 different subjects participated in the experiment, and everyone selected 5 movements. The sEMG sensors were attached to the extensor pollicis brevis and the extensor digitorum. The sEMG features were: Standard Deviation (SD), Power Spectrum Density (PSD); attitude sensor features were: angle and angular acceleration in three dimensional space, and integral of angular acceleration. The results were classified and identified using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT) and Ensembles (En) algorithms. The results of using the sEMG, using the attitude sensor signals and combining the two were compared. Analysis of variance was conducted on the average accuracy. Features were reduced the dimension by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the results of using PCA and not were compared. Results: The results showed that the combination of the two types of sensors could improve the recognition effect compared to the using sEMG sensor or the attitude sensor alone. The final recognition result was that KNN performed best, reaching 95.0%. The results of using PCA were more stable.Conclusion: The method could be used between different subjects, and the user could select the movements autonomously.Significance: This method can improve the adaptability of movement intention recognition based on sEMG, and has important significance for popularizing the use of the sEMG to control the manipulator or the prosthetic and the rehabilitation training.
Documentation Practice and Associated Factors among Nurses in Harari Regional State and Dire Dawa Administration Governmental Hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Melkie Takla Tamir
Published: July 2020

Background: Nursing documentation is an integral and vital professional nursing practice, deals the process of recording nursing activities concerned with the care given to individual clients to assure continual effective, safe, qualified, evidence-based and individualized care. Despite of this, in Ethiopia there is a paucity of information on nursing documentation practice and its associated factors due to limited studies with methodological limitations. So this study aimed to assess documentation practice and identify its associated factors among nurses in six Governmental Hospitals of Harari Regional State and Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 nurses and 421 medical records. Simple random sampling was employed for the selection of nurses and charts after the total sample size had allocated proportionally for each hospital. Data were collected by using self-administered questionnaire and review of records; entered and analyzed by using Epi data version 3.1 and statistical package for social sciences version 20.0 respectively. Logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors. Result: In this study, 47.5% of nurses were found to have good nursing documentation practice whereas good nursing documentation was found to practiced on 38.5% of medical records. Age, attitude, in-service training, nurse to patient ratio, availability of motivation and familiarity with standards of nursing documentation were found to had statistically significant positive association with documentation practice with AOR and 95%CI of 3.54 (1.170-10.8), 5.66 (3.17- 10.11), 2.53(1.477-4.35), 2.24(1.24-4.047), 4.60 (2.721-7.76) and 1.98 (1.137-3.44) respectively. Conclusion: Documentation was practiced poorly due to the identified factors. Therefore, it is better to put further effort towards improving documentation practice through providing training on standards of documentation and enhancing favorable attitude of nurses towards documentation by motivating them for their documentation activities.
Leveraging IgG N-glycosylation quantitative-trait loci to characterize the relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and hypertension: A network with bidirectional mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Di , Zhang Jie , Zhang Xiaoyu , Tian Qiuyue , Meng Xiaoni , Wu Lijuan , Song Manshu , Hou Haifeng , Wang Wei , Meng Qun , Wang Youxin
Published: July 2020

Background: The relationship between IgG N-glycosylation, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension is not well understood.Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of IgG N-glycosylation traits from 536 individuals was performed and 1203 IgG N-glycan quantitative trait loci (IgG N-glycan-QTL) variants targeting 24 IgG N-glycosylation were mapped traits after multi-testing correction. Network with bidirectional mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to examine the causal association between IgG N-glycosylation, T2D and hypertension.Results: By linking IgG N-glycan-QTL variants with GWAS results for T2D and hypertension, 19 putatively causal IgG N-glycans for T2D and 21 putatively causal IgG N-glycans for hypertension were identified. IgG N-glycan-QTL determined IgG N-glycosylation to higher T2D was associated with higher hypertension risk (β [95% CI] =1.234 [0.939-1.529], P <0.001). In addition, IgG N-glycan-QTL determined IgG N-glycosylation to higher hypertension was associated with higher T2D risk (β [95% CI] =0.753 [0.140-1.3669], P =0.016). No evidence of pleiotropic bias was detected in MR-Egger analysis.Conclusions: Overall, our study showed that IgG N-Glycosylation-QTLs determined T2D is associated with higher hypertension risk, and vice versa, performing bidirectional regulation through IgG N-Glycosylation.
Metformin extends the lifespan of iMSUD mice by rescuing physiologic dysfunction and modulating mechanisms of mTORC1 activation
Authors: Hsu Yuehmei , Davis Sonnet , Liao Chen-Yu , Larson Samuel , Nava Vanessa , Wang Junying , Miller Delana , Kennedy Brian , Ramanathan Arvind
Published: July 2020

Background- Dysregulation of branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism caused by mutations in the metabolizing enzyme-branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) leads to the fatal newborn disorder Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) and is linked to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Results- Here we show that a MSUD mouse model with severely reduced BCKDH activity exhibits glucose intolerance, altered mTOR signaling, decreased levels of TCA cycle intermediates, reduced distribution of Type I skeletal muscle fibers and activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, all of which can be ameliorated by long term treatment with metformin, which enhances the survival of these mice. Treatment with metformin was correlated with increased serum-levels of growth/differentiation factor GDF15 (GFD15) and adiponectin. We also found that branched chain keto acid regulates leucine-mediated activation of mTORC1 by preventing the dissociation of sestrin2-gator complex in vitro. Conclusions- In summary, our study suggests metformin could be an effective therapeutic candidate for MSUD patients and maps the crosstalk between key pathways that maintain metabolic homeostasis in MSUD.