bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cohort profile: The Swedish Tattoo and Body Modifications Cohort (TABOO)
Authors: Nielsen Christel , Andréasson Kristofer , Olsson H , Engfeldt Malin , Jöud Anna
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The Swedish Tattoo and Body Modifications Cohort (TABOO) cohort was established to provide an infrastructure for epidemiological studies researching the role of tattoos and other body modifications as risk factors for adverse health outcomes. It is the first population-based cohort with detailed exposure assessment of decorative, cosmetic, and medical tattoos, piercing, scarification, henna tattoos, cosmetic laser treatments, hair dyeing, and sun habits. The level of detail in the exposure assessment of tattoos allows for investigation of crude dose–response relationships.

Participants

The TABOO cohort includes 13 049 individuals that participated in a questionnaire survey conducted in 2021 (response rate 49%). Outcome data are retrieved from the National Patient Register, the National Prescribed Drug Register and the National Cause of Death Register. Participation in the registers is regulated by Swedish law, which eliminates the risk of loss to follow-up and associated selection bias.

Findings to date

The tattoo prevalence in TABOO is 21%. The cohort is currently used to clarify the incidence of acute and long-lasting health complaints after tattooing based on self-reported data. Using register-based outcome data, we are investigating the role of tattoos as a risk factor for immune-mediated disease, including hypersensitisation, foreign body reactions and autoimmune conditions.

Future plans

The register linkage will be renewed every third year to update the outcome data, and we have ethical approval to reapproach the responders with additional questionnaires.
Incidence and predictors of perioperative mortality in a low-resource country, Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study
Authors: Endeshaw Amanuel Sisay , Kumie Fantahun Tarekegn , Molla Misganew Terefe , Zeru Gashaw Abebe , Abera Kassaw Moges , Zeleke Zebenay Bitew , Lakew Tigist Jegnaw
Published: May 2023

Objective

This study aimed to assess the incidence and identify predictors of perioperative mortality among the adult age group at Tibebe Ghion Specialised Hospital.

Design

A single-centre prospective follow-up study.

Setting

A tertiary hospital in North West Ethiopia.

Participants

We enrolled 2530 participants who underwent surgery in the current study. All adults aged 18 and above were included except those with no telephone.

Primary outcome measures

The primary outcome was time to death measured in days from immediate postoperative time up to the 28th day following surgery.

Result

A total of 2530 surgical cases were followed for 67 145 person-days. There were 92 deaths, with an incidence rate of 1.37 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.68) deaths per 1000 person-day observations. Regional anaesthesia was significantly associated with lower postoperative mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.18, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.62). Patients aged ≥65 years (AHR 3.04, 95% CI 1.65 to 5.75), American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status III (AHR 2.41, 95% CI 1.1.13 to 5.16) and IV (AHR 2.74, 95% CI 1.08 to 6.92), emergency surgery (AHR 1.85, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.36) and preoperative oxygen saturation <95% (AHR 3.14, 95% CI 1.85 to 5.33) were significantly associated with a higher risk of postoperative mortality.

Conclusion

The postoperative mortality rate at Tibebe Ghion Specialised Hospital was high. Age ≥65, ASA physical status III and IV, emergency surgery, and preoperative oxygen saturation <95% were significant predictors of postoperative mortality. Patients with the identified predictors should be offered targeted treatment.
A realist synthesis of educational outreach visiting and integrated academic detailing to influence prescribing in ambulatory care: why relationships and dialogue matter
Authors: Luetsch Karen , Wong Geoff , Rowett Debra
Published: May 2023

Background

Many quality improvement initiatives in healthcare employ educational outreach visits, integrating academic detailing to bridge evidence-practice gaps and accelerate knowledge translation. Replicability of their outcomes in different contexts varies, and what makes some visiting programmes more successful than others is unclear.

Objective

We conducted a realist synthesis to develop theories of what makes educational outreach visiting integrating academic detailing work, for whom, under which circumstances and why, focusing on the clinician-visitor interaction when influencing prescribing of medicines in ambulatory care settings.

Methods

The realist review was performed in accordance with RAMESES standards. An initial programme theory was generated, academic databases and grey literature were screened for documents with detail on contexts, intervention and outcomes. Using realist logic of analysis, data from 43 documents were synthesised in the generation of a refined programme theory, supported by additional theoretical frameworks of learning and communication.

Results

Twenty-seven interdependent context-mechanism-outcome configurations explain how clinicians engage with educational outreach visits integrating academic detailing through programme design, what matters in programme design and the educational visitor-clinician interaction and how influence extends beyond the visit. They suggest that in addition to relevance, credibility and trustworthiness of a visit’s contents, communication and clinical skills of educational visitors, the relationship between the educational visitor and clinician, built on a dialogue of learning from and sense-making with each other, creates conditions of critical thinking which are conducive to facilitating prescribing practice change when necessary.

Conclusion

This realist synthesis elucidates that the quality of clinician-educational visitor interactions is pivotal to educational outreach visiting programmes. Building and sustaining relationships, and establishing an open dialogue are important; neglecting these undermines the impact of visits. Educational visitors can facilitate clinicians’ reflection on practice and influence their prescribing. Clinicians value the discussion of individualised, tailored information and advice they can translate into their practice.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021258199.
Talimogene laherparepvec in combination with ipilimumab versus ipilimumab alone for advanced melanoma: 5-year final analysis of a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase II trial
Authors: Chesney Jason A , Puzanov Igor , Collichio Frances A , Singh Parminder , Milhem Mohammed M , Glaspy John , Hamid Omid , Ross Merrick , Friedlander Philip , Garbe Claus , Logan Theodore , Hauschild Axel , Lebbé Celeste , Joshi Harshada , Snyder Wendy , Mehnert Janice M
Published: May 2023

Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) plus ipilimumab has demonstrated greater antitumor activity versus ipilimumab alone, without additional toxicity, in patients with advanced melanoma. Here, we report the 5-year outcomes from a randomized phase II study. These data provide the longest efficacy and safety follow-up for patients with melanoma treated with a combination of an oncolytic virus and a checkpoint inhibitor.

Eligible patients with unresectable stage IIIB‒IV melanoma were randomized 1:1 to receive T-VEC plus ipilimumab or ipilimumab alone. T-VEC was administered intralesionally at 106plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL in week 1, followed by 108PFU/mL in week 4 and every 2 weeks thereafter. Ipilimumab (3 mg/kg every 3 weeks; ≤4 doses) was administered intravenously starting at week 1 in the ipilimumab arm and week 6 in the combination arm. The primary end point was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR) per immune-related response criteria; key secondary end points included durable response rate (DRR), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.

Overall, 198 patients were randomized to receive the combination (n=98) or ipilimumab (n=100). The combination improved the ORR versus ipilimumab (35.7% vs 16.0%; OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5 to 5.7; p=0.003). DRR was 33.7% and 13.0% (unadjusted OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 7.0; descriptive p=0.001), respectively. Among the objective responders, the median DOR was 69.2 months (95% CI 38.5 to not estimable) with the combination and was not reached with ipilimumab. Median PFS was 13.5 months with the combination and 6.4 months with ipilimumab (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.55 to 1.09; descriptive p=0.14). Estimated 5-year OS was 54.7% (95% CI 43.9 to 64.2) in the combination arm and 48.4% (95% CI 37.9 to 58.1) in the ipilimumab arm. Forty-seven (48.0%) and 65 (65.0%) patients in the combination and ipilimumab arms, respectively, received subsequent therapies. No new safety signals were reported.

At the 5-year follow-up, the improved response rates observed with T-VEC plus ipilimumab were durable. This is the first randomized controlled study of the combination of an oncolytic virus and a checkpoint inhibitor that meets its primary end point.Trial registration number:NCT01740297.
CD73 and PD-L1 dual blockade amplifies antitumor efficacy of SBRT in murine PDAC models
Authors: Ye Jian , Gavras Nicholas W , Keeley David C , Hughson Angela L , Hannon Gary , Vrooman Tara G , Lesch Maggie L , Johnston Carl J , Lord Edith M , Belt Brian A , Linehan David C , Eyles Jim , Gerber Scott A
Published: May 2023

Background

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) induces immunogenic cell death, leading to subsequent antitumor immune response that is in part counterbalanced by activation of immune evasive processes, for example, upregulation of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and adenosine generating enzyme, CD73. CD73 is upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) compared with normal pancreatic tissue and high expression of CD73 in PDACs is associated with increased tumor size, advanced stage, lymph node involvement, metastasis, PD-L1 expression and poor prognosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that blockade of both CD73 and PD-L1 in combination with SBRT might improve antitumor efficacy in an orthotopic murine PDAC model.

Methods

We assessed the combination of systemic blockade of CD73/PD-L1 and local SBRT on tumor growth in primary pancreatic tumors, and investigated systemic antitumor immunity using a metastatic murine model bearing both orthotopic primary pancreatic tumor and distal hepatic metastases. Immune response was quantified by flow cytometric and Luminex analyses.

Results

We demonstrated that blockade of both CD73 and PD-L1 significantly amplified the antitumor effect of SBRT, leading to superior survival. The triple therapy (SBRT+anti-CD73+anti-PD-L1) modulated tumor-infiltrating immune cells with increases of interferon-γ+CD8+T cells. Additionally, triple therapy reprogramed the profile of cytokines/chemokines in the tumor microenvironment toward a more immunostimulatory phenotype. The beneficial effects of triple therapy are completely abrogated by depletion of CD8+T cells, and partially reversed by depletion of CD4+T cells. Triple therapy promoted systemic antitumor responses illustrated by: (1) potent long-term antitumor memory and (2) enhanced both primaryandliver metastases control along with prolonged survival.
Examining the differences between physician and administrative leaders at Cleveland Clinic and the implications for leadership development programming
Authors: Thoebes Gina Phelps , Rife Gary Logan , Porter Tracy Hopkins
Published: May 2023

Background

The healthcare industry is currently facing unprecedented challenges, and the need for effective leadership has never been higher. One way organisations might address the need for healthcare leadership is through tailored leadership development programmes, which are designed to maximise impact. This research sought to examine potential differences between physician and administrative leaders’ unique needs and to use this information to inform the design of future leadership development programmes.

Methods

Survey data from a sample of international leaders who participated in cohort-based leadership development programmes at the Mandel Global Leadership and Learning Institute at Cleveland Clinic were examined to explore potential differences between physician and administrative leaders in order to cultivate future training outcomes.

Results

Findings demonstrate that there are significant differences in personality, motivation to lead and leadership self-efficacy between the two populations at Cleveland Clinic.

Conclusions

These results indicate how understanding specific traits, motivations and developmental needs of the target audience may guide the development of more effective leadership development programming. Future directions for addressing leadership development in the healthcare industry are also discussed.
Primary care doctors’ perceived needs for physician leadership development in rural and remote settings of Aceh province, Indonesia
Authors: Maulina Fury , Hasanbasri Mubasysyir , Busari Jamiu O , Scheele Fedde
Published: May 2023

Background

Globally, rural/remote health systems fall short of optimal performance. Lack of infrastructure, resources, health professionals and cultural barriers affect the leadership in these settings. Given those challenges, doctors serving disadvantaged communities must develop their leadership skills. While high-income countries already had learning programmes for rural/remote areas, low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Indonesia, are lagging behind. Through the lens of the LEADS framework, we examined the skills doctors perceived as most essential to support their performance in rural/remote areas.

Methods

We conducted a quantitative study, including descriptive statistics. Participants were 255 rural/remote primary care doctors.

Results

We discovered that communicating effectively, building trust, facilitating collaboration, making connections and creating coalitions among diverse groups were most essential in rural/remote communities. When rural/remote primary care doctors serve in such cultures, may need to prioritise harmony within the community and social order values.

Conclusions

We noted that there is a need for culture-based leadership training in rural or remote settings of Indonesia as LMIC. In our view, if future doctors receive proper leadership training that focuses on being competent rural physicians, they will be better prepared and equipped with the skills that rural practice in a specific culture requires.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: single-centre prospective study
Authors: Ben Kridis Wala , Toumi Nabil , Khanfir Afef
Published: May 2023

Objective

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) ranges from simple paresthesia to paralysis, which may be transient or irreversible. The aim of our study was to detect CINP in our patients undergoing chemotherapy and to study the cumulative neurotoxic doses for the different drugs.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional prospective study carried out in the medical oncology department of the Habib Bourguiba University Hospital in Sfax. A survey was conducted to detect and explore possible chemo-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients undergoing known potentially neurotoxic anti-cancer treatments.

Results

Seventy-three patients were included in the study. The average age was 51.8 years (13–80 years). The prevalence of CIPN was 52.1%. CIPN was classified as grade I in 24 (63.2%) cases and grade II in 14 (36.8%) cases. No grade III or IV peripheral neuropathy was detected in our patients. Paclitaxel was the drug with the highest incidence of CIPN (76.9%). The chemotherapy (CT) protocols most prone to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) were based on taxanes (47.3%) and oxaliplatin (59%). Paclitaxel was the drug most likely to cause CIPN (76.9%) (p=0.031). Paclitaxel single dose per cycle of 175 mg/m2(66.67%) was more associated with the occurrence of CIPN than 80 mg/m2(40%), but without significant difference (p=0.437). The average cumulative dose was estimated at 315 mg/m2for docetaxel, 474 mg/m2for oxaliplatin and 579 mg/m2for paclitaxel (p=0.16).

Conclusion

The prevalence of NPCI was 51.1% in our series. Oxaliplatin and taxanes were the main contributors to this complication with cumulative dose over than 300 mg/m2.
Models of justice evoked in published scientific studies of plastic pollution
Authors: Liboiron Max , Liu Rui , Earles Elise , Walker-Franklin Imari
Published: May 2023

An exponentially growing body of international research engages with plastic pollution using different ideas on the right ways to frame, research, and intervene in the problem. The premise of this study is that all scientists work with understandings of what is right and wrong and why that is (models of justice) in their research, even when it is not explicitly stated, reflected upon, or a conscious part of the discussion. We surveyed 755 published articles on marine debris and plastic chemical additives and found that all evoked at least one model of justice, and often more. The most routinely used models included: developmental justice, distributive justice, and procedural justice. More rarely, we found appeals to environment-first justice and Indigenous sovereignty. While occasionally these multiple models worked synergistically, more often they conflicted. Our findings ground a call for fellow researchers to use a more intentional and systematic approach to evoking models of justice in our work. Our goal is to offer descriptions and insights about models of justice that are already being deployed to increase the sophistication of the ethical and normative orientations of our research and our fields, both in plastic pollution sciences and beyond.
R-matrix atomic data for application in astrophysics and fusion
Authors: Ramsbottom C. A. , Ballance C. P. , McCann M.
Published: May 2023

A selection of electron-impact excitation R-matrix calculations completed by the collision group at Queens University Belfast are discussed. The atomic data calculated are the foundation of applications in a variety of fields, a sample of which are presented here. They include an analysis of Fe ii emission in active galactic nuclei, the possible presence of Pt and Au in the spectra of binary neutron star mergers and the viability of W ions as a diagnostic tool in magnetically confined tokamak plasmas. The radiative atomic data were computed using the most recent version of the fully relativistic structure code grasp0 and the collision cross sections were evaluated using the recently developed pdarcR-matrix package.

Graphic abstract
Chelating agents for the removal of calcareous deposits from archaeological ceramic materials. Compositional evaluation after immersion and physical gel application methods
Authors: Sáenz-Martínez Águeda , Pérez-Estébanez Marta , Alvarez de Buergo Mónica , San Andrés Margarita
Published: May 2023

The removal of calcareous deposits from archaeological ceramics is a very normal conservation-restoration treatment. Among the products used, chelating agents are quite common, including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salts (EDTA) (Berducou in La Conservation en archéologie: méthodes et pratique de la conservation-restauration des vestiges archéologiques, Masson, Paris, 1990; Buys and Oakley The conservation and restoration of ceramics, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1993; Crisci et al. in Appl Phys A Mater Sci Process, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/893528). Nevertheless, some studies have proved that they can cause damages on the ceramic pieces, regarding changes in their composition, such as dissolution of calcareous components and metallic oxides leaching (Gibson in Stud Conserv, 1971. https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/893528; Fernández and Seva Sautuola in Rev del Inst Prehist y Arqueol 9:471–982, 2003). As a consequence, their artistic values might also change. In spite of that, these products are nowadays still in use, meaning that the treatments might be changing the information that archaeological ceramics carry. However, from the 80 s onwards a more secure alternative to direct application methods based on thickening agents was developed. With the aim of analysing the degradation mechanisms that may take place after the cleaning treatments’ application, ceramic specimens with artificial calcareous deposits (Sáenz-Martínez et al. in Eur Phys J Plus 136:798, 2021) were treated with a low-concentrated solution of EDTA tetrasodium salt applied by immersion and thickened with xanthan gum powder (Vanzan® NF-C). Finally, the products from the cleaning treatments were neutralised, respectively, by immersion and by rinsing with deionized water. The composition of the ceramic samples was established before the growth of calcareous deposits and after the treatments, in order to determine their effectiveness and safety. According to the results, EDTA salt treatments, both by immersion and thickened, were effective regarding the removal of the calcareous deposits and did not modify the elemental and mineralogical original composition of the specimens (XRF, XRPD, TG-DSC). In addition, no gel residues were detected by FTIR-ATR.
Circumferential buckling of a hydrogel tube emptying upon dehydration
Authors: Curatolo M. , Lisi F. , Napoli G. , Nardinocchi P.
Published: May 2023

A cylindrical hydrogel tube, completely submerged in water, hydrates by swelling and filling its internal cavity. When it comes back into contact with air, it dehydrates: the tube thus expels the solvent through the walls, shrinking. This dehydration process causes a depression in the tube cavity, which can lead to circumferential buckling. Here we study the occurrence of such buckling using a continuous model that combines nonlinear elasticity with Flory–Rehner theory, to take into account both the large deformations and the active behaviour of the hydrogel. In quasi-static approximation, we use the incremental deformation formalism, extended to the chemo-mechanical equations, to determine the threshold value of the enclosed volume at which buckling is triggered. This critical value is found to depend on the shell thickness, chemical potential and constitutive features. The results obtained are in good agreement with the results of the finite element simulations of the complete dynamic problem.
Bremsstrahlung in the field of a monopole
Authors: Calucci Giorgio
Published: May 2023

The emission of photons by a charge scattered by a monopole is studied. The scattering process is described in eikonal approximation while the photon emission is treated perturbatively. Since the motivation of the investigation is the possibility of using this process as indirect evidence of the existence of monopoles the emission following the scattering from a heavy charge is also studied, with the same formalism. The conclusion is that the two processes would produce a different distribution of photons but that the observation of the photon will not produce a clear evidence; perhaps the joint observation of the scattered charge and of the photon will give a clearer signal.
Entropy minimization of the non-Newtonian bio-hybrid (Fe3O4-CuO/blood) nanofluid flow over a linear extending sheet by means of induced magnetic field
Authors: Jakeer Shaik , Reddy P. Bala Anki , Basha H. Thameem , Reddy S. R. R.
Published: May 2023

The physiological system loses heat energy through the bloodstream to nearby cells. Such energy loss can lead to a quick death, anemia, severe hypothermia and high or low blood pressure to heart surgery. As a result, biomedical engineers and physicians are increasingly attracted to the study of entropy production to calculate the energy loss of biological systems. Furthermore, the thermodynamic state of entropy production is used to access cancer cells during chemotherapy treatment and heat transfer in tissues. The current model intends to explore the significance of the non-Fourier heat flux model on Eyring–Powell/Maxwell hybrid nanofluid (Fe3O4–CuO/blood) flow in a linear extending sheet with induced magnetic field and entropy generation. Suitable self-similarity variables are performed to convert momentum and thermal equations determined using the homotopy perturbation method into ordinary differential equations. The significance of distinct physical parameters such as thermal relaxation parameter, volume fraction, fluid parameter, magnetic Prandtl number, Biot number, Brinkman number, heat source, Eckert number, radiation and heat source on velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, entropy production, streamlines and isotherm are represented through figures. It is recognized that the fluid friction irreversibility is comparatively higher than thermal irreversibility and highly dominates the total entropy generation. The nanoparticle volume fraction diminishes the velocity and induced magnetic field of both Eyring–Powell and Maxwell hybrid nanofluid. Fluid friction irreversibility is more in Maxwell fluid compared to the Eyring–Powell fluid.
How Enterprise Social Media Shapes Employee Job Performance: A Technology Affordance Lens
Authors: Huang Xinyao , Zulkifli Norhayah
Published: May 2023

The widespread permeation of social media platforms into organizations is changing the way employees communicate and work. To understand the role of enterprise social media in shaping employee job performance, we adopted the technology affordance lens to examine how various affordances of enterprise social media impact employee job performance. By conducting a multi-wave multi-source survey, we found that the association and visibility affordances of enterprise social media can enhance job performance via psychological empowerment, while the editability and persistence affordances of enterprise social media can improve job performance via structural empowerment. This study contributes new insights into the influence of enterprise social media on worker outcomes. The findings suggest that to achieve effective regulation and utilization of enterprise social media in the workplace, managers should pay more attention to its key affordances, besides the usage frequency and usage purpose of enterprise social media.
Highly NIR-II luminescent erbium porphyrinoids
Authors: Guo Li-Jun , Zhang Jun-Long
Published: May 2023

Erbium (Er[Formula: see text] ion exhibits efficient broadband emission at 1.53 [Formula: see text]m (4f optical transition 4I13/2 [Formula: see text] 4I15/2), which is promising to achieve better clarity and deeper penetration depth for biological imaging. However, because of the relatively low luminescent level (4I[Formula: see text], ca. 6500 cm[Formula: see text] and the tendency of being facile to be quenched by high-energy oscillators such as N-H, C-H, or O-H groups, achieving small molecular Er complexes with intense NIR-II luminescence has remained a challenge. In this work, a series of Er[Formula: see text] complexes of porphyrinoids and [Formula: see text]-perhalogenated derivatives caped with auxiliary deuterated Kläui ligands were prepared, namely X-1-Er, X-2-Er and X-cis/trans-3-Er (X = H, F, Cl, Br). Interestingly, most of the [Formula: see text]-perhalogenated Er complexes displayed high overall quantum yields ([Formula: see text] 0.1% in CH2Cl2 and CD2Cl2) and long lifetimes ([Formula: see text] 8 [Formula: see text]s in CH2Cl2 and 11 [Formula: see text]s in CD2Cl2).
Styling Classification of Group Photos Fusing Head and Pose Features
Authors: Wang Kai , Guo Congwei , Zhao Zhuang , Ke Yongzhen , Yang Shuai
Published: May 2023

Group photo images are everywhere and vary greatly by the shooting scene. Compared with common images, the Image Aesthetic Quality Assessment (IAQI) of group photo pays more attention to the relevant characteristics of the main population. Still, the existing methods do not make further special research on group photos. Therefore, we propose a new concept of group photo styling based on analyzing group photos and photographic theory. Besides that, by comparing and analyzing many group photos, we classify the group photos into five categories. In this paper, the main factors of the head and pose are considered simultaneously, and the method of Group Photo Styling Classification (GPSC) can classify different group photos automatically. To verify the effectiveness of our method, we collected a Group Photo Styling Dataset (GPSD). The dataset contains 998 group photo images, and each image’s group photo styling category is marked. The experimental results on GPSD show that the fusion of head features and pose features can classify different group photos well. The accuracy of GPSC reaches 93.9%, much higher than the previous classification model.
Regularity of some invariant transformation semigroups
Authors: Palasak Hataiwit , Chaichana Tuangrat , Chaopraknoi Sureeporn
Published: May 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a nonempty subset of [Formula: see text]. The invariant subsemigroup of the full transformation semigroup [Formula: see text] is denoted by [Formula: see text] In this paper, we characterize the regularity of the following subsemigroups: [Formula: see text] the complement sets of both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. These are generalizations of certain subsemigroups of [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, infinitely many regular and nonregular elements of each semigroup are given.
Influence of Sr and Ce Codoping on Structural, Electrical and Thermoelectric Properties of CaMnO3
Authors: Naresh M. , Kumar Naini Pavan , Reddy C. Vishnuvardhan
Published: May 2023

Polycrystalline samples of CaMnO3 and Ca1-x-ySrxCeyMnO3 with Ce/Sr double substitution (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06; y = 0.02) were prepared by citrate sol-gel route. The samples’ phase was confirmed using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, revealing that they only contain a single phase with an orthorhombic perovskite structure and no impurity phases. Also, the increase in lattice parameters with Sr2+ doping was observed. Rietveld refinement was done on the X-ray pattern using Fullprof software to find parameters. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), analyses of morphology and elemental compositions were performed. On sintered samples, electrical resistivity measurements were made using DC four-probe techniques. And conduction mechanism was explained based on a small polaron hopping mechanism. Between 308 K and 673 K, thermoelectric characteristics were studied. Ca0.94Sr0.04Ce0.02MnO3 has the highest power factor of all the prepared co-doped Ce/Sr samples.
Electrochemical Biosensor Based on ds-DNA/N-G@CS/GCE for Highly Sensitive and Rapid Measurement of Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Sun Bolu , Yang Yanmei , Yu Shixing , Bao Liangrong , Shi Hongxia , Dang Qiaoning , Liu Yuhong , Yang Lin , Ma Quhuan , Shi Xiaofeng
Published: May 2023

Antioxidants remove free radicals and inhibit the oxidation of oxygen-sensitive substances, which are of great significance in disease prevention and food preservative. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a convenient, efficient and universal method for screening and evaluating antioxidant activity. In this study, Nitrogen-doped Graphene (N-G) with high conductivity and Chitosan (CS) with good film forming and stability were used as electrode substrate materials. And a ds-DNA/N-G@CS/GCE electrochemical biosensor for rapid evaluation of antioxidant activity was constructed by assembling ds-DNA and taking advantage of the signal difference between pre- and post-damage ds-DNA loading in Ru(NH3)6
3+ probe solution. N-G@CS with good electro-catalysis and high capacitance significantly improved the response signal of the sensor. At the same time, Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) was used to optimize the conditions affecting the evaluation results of biosensors. The results showed that under the Fenton solution system with pH 7.0 and the ratio of Fe2+ to OH− 1:4, the biosensor has a high oxidation ds-DNA damage within 30 min The system can inhibit the damage of ds-DNA by adding antioxidants. Under optimized experimental conditions, composite yogurt and plain yogurt with weak antioxidant activity difference were evaluated by the constructed biosensor, and compared with L-ascorbic acid, the activity order was L-ascorbic acid > composite yogurt > plain yogurt. The results were consistent with the results of hydroxyl radical scavenging and ABTS+ radical scavenging experiments, and there was no significant difference between the three methods. This study not only provides a convenient and efficient method for the evaluation of antioxidant activity, but also provides strategies and technical support for the development of low-cost, highly sensitive and universal portable activity evaluation techniques.
Mapping the core concepts of physiology across Australian university curricula
Authors: Tangalakis Kathy , Julien Brianna L. , Lexis Louise , Hryciw Deanne H. , Thomas Colleen J. , Husaric Maja , Towstoless Michelle , MacKinnon Philip J. , Miao Yuan , Hayes Alan
Published: May 2023

This is the first time an existing set of core concepts for physiology, developed by Michael and McFarland (U.S.-based educators), have been mapped against unit (subject) learning outcomes across physiology curricula in Australian universities to gauge uptake and the need for agreement on a set of core concepts in the Australian higher education context.
Does increased core temperature alter cognitive performance during exercise-induced heat strain? A narrative review
Authors: Doohan Meg A. , Watzek Jessica T. , King Neil , White Melanie J. , Stewart Ian B.
Published: May 2023

Research to date provides equivocal evidence regarding the influence of heat stress, heat strain, and more specifically, elevated exercise-induced core temperature on cognitive performance. This review sought to identify differences in how specific cognitive tasks were affected by increases in core body temperatures. Included papers ( n = 31) measured cognitive performance and core temperature during exercise, while experiencing heightened thermal stress. Cognitive tasks were classified as cognitive inhibition, working memory, or cognitive flexibility tasks. Independently, core temperature changes were not sufficient predictors of cognitive performance. However, reaction time, memory recall, and Stroop tasks appeared to be most effective at identifying cognitive changes during heightened thermal strain. Alterations in performance were more likely to arise under increased thermal loads, which were typically associated with cumulative physiological stressors, such as elevated core temperatures, occurring alongside dehydration, and prolonged exercise durations. Future experimental designs should consider the relevance, or futility of assessing cognitive performance in activities that do not elicit a considerable degree of heat strain, or physiological load.
The effect of sex and protein supplementation on bone metabolism during a 36-h military field exercise in energy deficit
Authors: O’Leary Thomas J. , Coombs Charlotte V. , Edwards Victoria C. , Blacker Sam D. , Knight Rebecca L. , Koivula Fiona N. , Tang Jonathan C. Y. , Fraser William D. , Wardle Sophie L. , Greeves Julie P.
Published: May 2023

Energy deficits are common in arduous military training and can cause disturbances to bone metabolism. This study provides first evidence that short periods of severe energy deficit and arduous exercise—in the form of a 36-h military field exercise—can suppress bone formation for at least 96 h, and the suppression in bone formation was not different between men and women. Protein feeding does not offset decreases in bone formation during severe energy deficits.
Exogenous ketosis increases circulating dopamine concentration and maintains mental alertness in ultra-endurance exercise
Authors: Poffé Chiel , Robberechts Ruben , Stalmans Myrthe , Vanderroost Jan , Bogaerts Stijn , Hespel Peter
Published: May 2023

Oral ketone ester ingestion elevates circulating dopamine concentration during ultra-endurance exercise. This is associated with improved mental alertness. Furthermore, ketone ester intake inhibits postexercise skeletal muscle macrophage infiltration, and counteracts the increase in AMPK phosphorylation after exercise, which indicates improved muscular energy status.
Listening to familiar music induces continuous inhibition of alpha and low-beta power
Authors: Malekmohammadi Alireza , Ehrlich Stefan K. , Rauschecker Josef P. , Cheng Gordon
Published: May 2023

This study differentiates the dynamic temporal-spectral effects during listening to 10 s of familiar music compared with unfamiliar music. This study highlights that listening to familiar music leads to continuous suppression in the alpha and low-beta bands. This suppression starts ∼800 ms after the stimulus onset.
Practice Pattern Variation in Adoption of New and Evolving Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedures
Authors: Naranjo Diana , Doll Jacob , Maynard Charles , Beaver Kristine , Bansal Aasthaa , Helfrich Christian D.
Published: May 2023

Objective. Assess factors contributing to variation in the use of new and evolving diagnostic and interventional procedures for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background. Evidence-based practices for PCI have the potential to improve outcomes but are variably adopted. Finding possible drivers of PCI procedure-use variability is key for efforts aimed at establishing more uniform practice. Methods. Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program data were used to estimate a proportion of variation attributable to hospital-, operator-, and patient-level factors across (a) radial arterial access, (b) intravascular imaging/optical coherence tomography, and (c) atherectomy for PCI. We used random-effects models with hospital, operator, and patient random effects. Overlap between levels generated cumulative variability estimates greater than 100%. Results. A total of 445 operators performed 95,391 PCI procedures across 73 hospitals from 2011 to 2018. The rates of all procedures increased over this time. 24.45% of variability in the use of radial access was attributable to the hospital, 53.04% to the operator, and 57.83% to patient-level characteristics. 9.06% of the variability in intravascular imaging use was attributable to the hospital, 43.92% to the operator, and 21.20% to the patient. Lastly, 20.16% of the variability in use of atherectomy was attributed to the hospital, 34.63% to the operator, and 57.50% to the patient.Conclusions. The use of radial access, intracoronary imaging, and atherectomy is influenced by patient, operator, and hospital factors, but patient and operator-level effects predominate. Efforts to increase the use of evidence-based practices for PCI should consider interventions at these levels.
Miniaturized Ultrawideband Microstrip Antenna for IoT-Based Wireless Body Area Network Applications
Authors: Pandey Utkarsh , Singh Parulpreet , Singh Raghvendra , Gupta Narbada Prasad , Arora Sandeep Kumar , Nizeyimana Eric
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we present an extremely compact ultrawideband (UWB) monopole microstrip patch antenna for a wireless body area network (WBAN). The proposed antenna is fabricated on a flexible Rogers RT-5880 dielectric substrate of thickness 0.5 mm and has an overall size of

20
×
15
×
0.5
 
m

m

3

. The proposed antenna achieves a wideband characteristic with the help of a modified ground plane with a monopole pair. The monopole antenna is fed through a microstrip line and has a good impedance matching over a frequency band of 3.2 to 15 GHz (and beyond), with an axial ratio below 3 dB and a high efficiency of 77–95%. This antenna is designed to cover almost the complete UWB range; bandwidth for antenna is 11.52 GHz (3.48-15 GHz). The antenna has a realized gain of 2.3–7.2 dBi throughout the frequency band and has been tested for conformality. Measured results are found to be in good correlation with the simulated results. The antenna has also been tested for specific absorption rate (SAR) values within the simulation to compare with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) limits and verify their suitability for the Internet of Things- (IoT-) based wearable body area network.
Constituent Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Epimedii Folium from Different Species
Authors: Xue Jia , Chen Haijie , Zhou Yongyi , Yuan Jiahuan , Cai Zhichen , Wu Nan , Chen Cuihua , Zou Lisi , Yin Shengxin , Yang Wei , Liu Xunhong , Cheng Jianming , Sun Yihao
Published: May 2023

Epimedii Folium (EF) is a commonly used traditional Chinese drug that includes many species. In Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), EF includes Epimedium brevicornu Maxim, E. Sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc) Maxim, E. pubescens Maxim, E. koreanum Nakai, and Epimedium Wushanense T.S. Ying. It has been reported that the active constituents in EF are different, resulting in the uneven quality of commercial medicinal materials. To explore the specific differences and make a comprehensive quality evaluation of EF, we established an analytical method to simultaneously detect 45 constituents including 23 flavonoids, 4 phenolic acids, 12 amino acids, 5 nucleosides, and 1 alkaloid in 5 species of EF, based on ultrafast performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). In addition, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and grey correlation analysis (GRA) were used to discriminate and evaluate different species of samples. The results showed that EF could be divided into three categories and EBM was superior to the other four species. This study provides data basis for the comprehensive evaluation and a new perspective on the quality control of EF from different species.
Job Satisfaction and Negative Coping Style Affect the Relationship between Transition Shock and Intent to Stay among Newly Graduated Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhu Yaqi , Tang Wenjuan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Mengyao , Zhu Weiyi , Zhang Yaqing
Published: May 2023

Aim. The study is aimed at exploring the relationship between newly graduated nurses’ transition shock, negative coping, job satisfaction, and intent to stay during the time of COVID-19. Background. The shortage of nurses is a global dilemma aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been a hot topic in recent years to help newly graduated nurses transition smoothly. Transition shock is one of the essential indicators to describe the transition state of newly graduated nurses, which has a far-reaching impact on the intention of newly graduated nurses to stay in their posts. However, few studies have studied the mechanism behind this relationship, which may affect the effectiveness of retention strategies. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2021 in 31 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, China. Participants comprised a convenience sample of 759 newly graduated nurses for surveys. Structural equation models were used to examine the study’s hypothetical model. Results. The results showed that transition shock had a significant direct effect on job satisfaction (b = −0.412,

p
<
0.001

) and intent to stay (b = −0.145,

p
<
0.001

). Job satisfaction had a significant direct effect on intent to stay (b = 0.702,

p
<
0.001

). The indirect effect of transition shock on intent to stay through job satisfaction was statistically significant (b = −0.289), the 95% C.I. was (−0.493, −0.357), and the proportion of mediating effect to total effect was 66.59%. Moreover, the moderated mediation analysis showed that the interaction effect of transition shock and negative coping style on job satisfaction was significant (b = −0.082,

p
<
0.001

). Conclusion. This study revealed the impact of transition shock on intent to stay of newly graduated nurses during the time of COVID-19, and found that job satisfaction played a mediating role and negative coping played a moderating role. These findings are of great significance for nursing managers to take measures to improve the intention of newly graduated nurses to stay. Implication for Nursing Management. The level of transition shock is an important indicator reflecting the transition state of newly graduated nurses, and can further predict the job satisfaction and intention of newly graduated nurses to stay. Therefore, nursing managers should pay attention to taking corresponding measures to reduce the level of transition shock of newly graduated nurses.
Next‐Generation Vaccines: Nanovaccines in the Fight against SARS‐CoV‐2 Virus and beyond SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Mufamadi Maluta Steven , Ngoepe Mpho Phehello , Nobela Ofentse , Maluleke Nhlanhla , Phorah Bafedile , Methula Banele , Maseko Thapelo , Masebe Dipuo Ingrid , Mufhandu Hazel Tumelo , Katata-Seru Lebogang Maureen
Published: May 2023

The virus responsible for the coronavirus viral pandemic is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants caused by distinctive mutations within the viral spike glycoprotein of SARS‐CoV‐2 are considered the cause for the rapid spread of the disease and make it challenging to treat SARS‐CoV‐2. The manufacturing of appropriate efficient vaccines and therapeutics is the only option to combat this pandemic. Nanomedicine has enabled the delivery of nucleic acids and protein‐based vaccines to antigen‐presenting cells to produce protective immunity against the coronavirus. Nucleic acid‐based vaccines, particularly mRNA nanotechnology vaccines, are the best prevention option against the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic worldwide, and they are effective against the novel coronavirus and its multiple variants. This review will report on progress made thus far with SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines and beyond employing nanotechnology‐based nucleic acid vaccine approaches.
Normal Structure and Some Inequalities of Geometric Parameters in Banach Space
X
and

X

∗
Authors: Gao Ji
Published: May 2023

Let

X

and

X

∗

be a Banach space and its dual, respectively. In this paper, we study the relations between modulus of

W

1

X

∗

ε

and modulus

ζ

X

∗

ε

in

X

∗

and normal structure in

X

, respectively. Among other results, we proved either

W

1

X

∗

ε

<
ε
/
2

, for any

0
≤
ε
≤
2

, or

ζ

X

∗

ε

<
1
+
ε

, for any

0
≤
ε
≤
1

, implies both

X

and its dual

X

∗

have uniform normal structure.
Visual Performance of Eyes with Residual Refractive Errors after Implantation of an Extended Vision Intraocular Lens
Authors: Rementería-Capelo Laureano A. , Contreras Inés , Morán Aida , Lorente-Hevia Pilar , Mariñas Laura , Ruiz-Alcocer Javier
Published: May 2023

Background. To analyze the tolerance on distance vision of different combined residual astigmatic situations in patients implanted with a novel wavefront shaping extended depth of focus (EDoF) intraocular lens (IOL). Methods. The study included patients implanted with the Acrysof® IQ Vivity® IOL. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were measured three months after surgery, considering CDVA as the reference situation of the study. Distance VA was also measured in different refractive situations: (A) with 0.50 diopters (D) of positive (myopization) and negative (hyperopization) defocus and (B) with a residual mixed astigmatic refraction induced by adding a combination of −0.25 D spherical and 0.50 D cylindrical lenses placed in vertical (against the rule‐ATR), oblique, and horizontal (with the rule‐WTR) positions. Results. The study included 30 eyes of 30 patients. UDVA and CDVA were −0.04 ± 0.05 and −0.05 ± 0.05 logMAR, respectively. VA values with +0.50 D and −0.50 D of defocus were 0.01 ± 0.06 and 0.00 ± 0.04 logMAR, respectively. VA was better with distance correction (p < 0.001) and no differences were found between the myopic and the hyperopic situations (p = 0.09). Distance VA for the ATR, oblique, and WTR astigmatic situations was 0.01 ± 0.05, 0.01 ± 0.06, and 0.01 ± 0.04 logMAR, respectively. VA was better for the reference situation (p < 0.001) and no differences were found among the three astigmatic situations (p = 0.21). Conclusions. Low residual defocus and mixed astigmatic errors, regardless of its orientation, seem to be tolerated by patients implanted with the studied EDoF IOL. This trial is registered with NCT05392998. Registered 26 May 2022‐Retrospectively registered.