bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of associations between genetic markers of erythrocytes of ав0, Rh, mn, P, kell blood group systems and arterial hypertension at the Altai Republic population
Authors: Ogargov M U , Mulerova T A , Filimonov S N , Luzina F A , Onishchenko E G
Published: February 2021

Objectives: the aim is to estimate the share of people with AH among the Tubalars and nonindigenous inhabitants of the Altai Republic taking into account a sex, an ethnic origin and to analyze genetic predisposition to the diseases of АВ0, Rh, MN, P, Kell blood group systems. Materials and methods. There was clinico-epidemiologic survey of the Altai Republic population (sample of 935 people, 663 people of them are Tubalars, 272 people are nonindigenous) aged from 18 till 88 years. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed according to criteria of WHO/MOAG of 1999. The study of genetic markers was carried out according to the standard methodology, blood group systems were defined: ABO, «full» Rhesus factor, MN, P, Kell. The sample size of different systems made from 301 to 425 people. The force of association between studied markers and the disease was judged according to the criterion of relative risk. Results. 38,6% Tubalars and 40,8% nonindigenous population were diagnosed with arterial hypertension. The share of people with Rh(+) blood group is larger among Tubalars (94,6%) in comparison with nonindigenous representatives (87,4%; p
Combined pharmacotherapy for arterial hypertension: a view through the 2013 clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Rodionov A V
Published: February 2021

The paper considers major changes in approaches to treating arterial hypertension in the context of the 2013 clinical guidelines on hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Arterial Hypertension. Prominence is given to a differentiated approach to combined pharmacotherapy, including the use of a fixed-dose lercanidipine/enalapril combination.
The new widely discussed clinically significant aspects influence of β-blockers
Authors: Arutyunov G P
Published: February 2021

The use of b-blockers is of particular interest now. There are the pros and cons of prescribing these drugs. Thus, a considerable body of the papers that cast doubt on the role of b-blockers in elderly patients with arterial hypertension (AH) in preventing chronic heart failure and enhancing exercise endurance in patients with AH has been published since 2006–2008. However, the Russian guidelines have retained indications for the use of b-blockers that are indispensable drugs in the treatment of AH with high comorbidity. The paper analyzes the most studied b-blockers
Subclinical vessel lesion in normotensive patients with abdominal obesity: focus on arterial stiffness
Authors: Druzhilov M A , Otmakhov V V , Beteleva Yu E , Korneva V A , Kuznetsova T Yu
Published: February 2021

Aim: assessment of arterial stiffness (AS) in patients with abdominal obesity (AO) without arterial hypertension and low cardio-vascular risk (CVR), the analysis of AS correlation with the markers of target organ remodeling, determination of threshold values AS, combined with a high probability target organ damage. Subjects and methods. 95 normotensive patients with AO were examined (mean age 44,9±5,1 years, 72 men) by following methods: lipid and glucose level, carotid artery ultrasound with intima/media thickness estimation, echocardiography, 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure (BP) with arterial stiffness assessment, obtained by the portable recorder BPLab. Results. Subclinical arterial lesion was revealed in 37,9%, mean pulse wave velocity (PWV) was 7,6±0,6 m/s, maximum PWV – 10 m/s. PWV and central BP in aorta were higher in patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (8,0±0,5 m/s vs 7,5±0,6 m/s, р
Do spirometry for patients with cardiovascular diseases?
Authors: Nazarov B M , Zykov K A , Ratova L G , Agapova O Yu , Dolgusheva Yu A , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

In recent decades cardiovascular (CVD) and COPD diseases are widespread around the world, leading to a high prevalence of patients with comorbidity, especially arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and/or bronchial asthma (BA). The growing number of patients with this comorbidity is due to increased hypertension, COPD, and asthma comorbidities, with the increase of the geriatric population of patients with these pathologies. Epidemiological studies have shown that the deterioration of lung function is as strong a predictor of cardiovascular mortality, as well as major cardiovascular risk factors. However, spirometry in patients with CVD is carried out infrequently. Inadequate spirometric diagnostics of COPD and asthma, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease, affects the clinical course of both diseases, leading to inappropriate treatment and poor prognosis for the patient. The need for extensive screening spirometry in all patients with CVD is not proven. Thera are no spirometry reference values in patients with CVD, which makes it almost impossible to use these parameters in stratification of CV risk. This dictates the need for further research to clarify the relationship between the severity and characteristics of the various CVD and spirometric parameters.
The prevalence of arterial hypertension as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases in one of the cities in Siberian Federal District
Authors: Chazova I E , Trubacheva I A , Zhernakova Yu V , Oshchepkova E V , Serebriakova V N , Kaveshnikov V S , Karpov R S
Published: February 2021

The present article analizes the prevalence of arterial hypertension, features of distribution of the various BP levels, efficiency of its medicamental control in the adult unorganized population of 25–64 years old of the Western Siberian city during one-stage epidemiological research carried out within the framework of the ESSAY Russian Federation-2012 (Epidemiology of Cardio Vascular diseases in regions of the Russian Federation). The unfavorable epidemiological situation was established concerning arterial hypertension in the surveyed population. The received results prove expediency of population strategy of arterial hypertension prevention in the studied group of the population.
Rational pharmacotherapy of hypertension. Urapidil potential
Authors: Morozova T E , Andruschishina T B , Shmarova D G
Published: February 2021

Optimizing pharmacotherapy of arterial hypertension (AH) and varied selection of medicines remains an urgent problem for practitioners. However, despite the large variety of effective antihypertensive drugs, the control of blood pressure levels remains inadequate. Most patients require combined therapy with two or more agents to achieve target blood pressure levels, so the choice of second-line therapy is of particular importance. As adjunctive therapy in patients with uncontrolled hypertension a-blockerscan be used, which, in addition to the antihypertensive effect, have a number of other benefits including improved lipid profile and glucose metabolism, as well as reducing the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urapidil provides a-blocking effect and additionally exhibits the central sympatholytic effect which is mediated by stimulation of serotonin 5HT1A-receptor in the central nervous system. The evidence base suggests that the drug has antihypertensive effect in combination with a favorable metabolic profile, and has a good safety profile as well, and has no disadvantages inherent to a-blockers, in particular, the development of reflex tachycardia.
A differentiated approach to the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Napalkov D A
Published: February 2021

The review of literature shows the modern analysis of medical approaches for cardiovascular disease primary prevention. We have been discussing the necessity of antiaggregant and statin therapy in such cases and also studding new results of involving antihypertensivetherapy (calcium antagonist - amlodipine) to prevent stroke and heart attack.
The problem of determining the efficiency of treatmentin the era of evidence-based medicine: international and domestic experience
Authors: Gilyarevsky S R
Published: February 2021

This article deals with the modern approach to the choice of effective drugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers, in preventing cardiovascular complications. We discuss evidential considerations of the drugs administration and the detection principles, concerning effective therapy in special clinical situations. The present paper deals with the results not only of the randomized trials but with the results from recent observational studies being reflective of real practice in the application of antihypertensive drug.
Modernization of hypertension treatment in the Yaroslavl region: interim results of the yearly comprehensive program for modernization of the regional healthcare system
Authors: Mozheyko M E , Eregin S Y , Vigdorchik A V , Klimovskaia I M , Riahi F , Hughes D
Published: February 2021

Goalofthestudy. This project comparedblood pressure (BP)-related endpointsin two cross-sectional surveys of hypertensive patients visiting public outpatient healthcare facilities in the Yaroslavl Region of Russia before and after initiation of a comprehensive healthcare system modernization program for hypertension leaded by Department of Health and Pharmacy of Yaroslavl Region.Materials and methods. Hypertension treatment modernization program included making hypertension diagnostics and treatment a priority by setting up a Steering Committee to coordinateand evaluatethe program progression; introduction of hypertension diagnostics and treatment protocol and standards region-wide via an intensive educational program for healthcare professionals; conduction of public education campaign increasingcommunity engagement and hypertension therapyadherence. Two cross-sectional surveys, one at baseline and the other13 monthsafterprograminitiation, were conducted to monitor the evolution of hypertension management. Surveys evaluated BP control rate as a primary measure and mean BP levels and distribution, cardiovascular risk factors, and associated conditions, heart rate levels, and antihypertensive therapy as a secondary measures.Results. Surveys were conducted in 2011 (baseline) and 2012 (1,794 and 2,992 patients respectively) across 38 Regional clinics. BP control levels (
Topical questions of beta-blockers application in clinical practice
Authors: Nebieridze D V
Published: February 2021

The present review shows the modern view on the possibilities of beta-blockers application in different clinical situations. The class of beta-blockers is a heterogeneous group in terms of clinical usage. The recent critical comments by some researchers on beta-blocker therapy should not misguide the practitioners, who always need to ask themselves the question: what kind of clinical situations and specific beta-blockers are discussed. Some beta-blockers, especially non-selective ones, could demonstrate negative effects and are contraindicated in specific clinical situations (metabolic disorders, COPD, peripheral arterial disease). Modern super-selective beta-blockers such as Betaloc ZOK did not have these negative effect sand could be widely used in clinical practice, even in patients with metabolic syndrome, DM-2 and COPD.Another problem associated with the application of beta-blockers is not frequent prescription or usage of beta-blockers in subthreshold dose.
Perindopril - angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is approved for usage
Authors: Napalkov D A
Published: February 2021

In the form of the literature review we shows the concept of the treatment of high-risk hypertensive patients, who have been taking ACE inhibitors which application is the most advanced approach from the perspective of evidence-based cardiology. One of the most studied drugs is perindopril. The article deals with the data on the special properties of perindopril molecules, as well as on the possibilities of using perindopril and indapamide combination, as well as on usage of indapamide and amlodipine for the realization of protective mechanism. At the conclusion of the article we offered the differentiated approach to the usage of different drugs containing perindopril for different indications.
Efficacy and safety of different regimens of fixed combinationof perindopril 10 mg/indapamide 2.5 mg in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Elfimova E M , Aksenova A V , Litvin A Yu , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Objective: The most common strategy to improve blood pressure (BP) control is improving compliance with once daily administration of antihypertensive therapy. Aim: To assess the efficacy, tolerability, safety of different regimes of prescription of combination of perindopril 10 mg and indapamide 2.5 mg.Design and methods. We included 31 patients (56±9.3 years, BMI 30.5±5.3 kg/m2, duration of arterial hypertension - 7.1±5.8 years), on two-component therapy (except combination of perindopril and indapamide) with BP>140/90 mmHg. At baseline ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), blood tests were performed in 20 men and 10 women, then, patients were randomized into two groups: morning and evening regimes. Previous therapy was canceled and prescribed a combination of perindopril 10 mg and indapamide 2.5 mg. After 8 weeks of treatment, ABPM and blood tests were re-conducted. Results. Baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the whole group - 148.4±10.0/95.6±10.7 mm Hg. After 1 and 2 months of treatment Noliprel-A bi-forte SBP/DBP decreased to 131.4±8.4/86.6±5.7 mm Hg and to 133.4±11.2/84.5±8.8 mm Hg respectively. ( p
Possibilities of electrocardiographic and decartographic parametersin the diagnosis of right ventricular overload in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Sakhnova T A , Blinova E V , Saidova M A , Yurasova E S , Arkhipova O A , Martynyuk T V , Trunov V G , Aydu E A , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Aim: to study the possibilities of electrocardiographic and decartographic parameters to identify and assess the severity of overload of the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Material and methods. Decartographic parameters of the activation duration and repolarization acceleration were studied in 120 patients with PAH and 120 healthy individuals compared to traditional ECG criteria of right ventricular hypertrophy. Moderate increase in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) was determined as SPAP 30-50 mm Hg; severe as SPAP greater than 50 mm Hg. Results. The most informative decartographic indicators for the separation of the PAH group as a whole, and the subgroup with moderate increase in SPAP and normal group were the X and Z components of the repolarization acceleration vector and the index of activation duration, and for the separation of subgroups with moderate and severe increase in SPAP - Y component of the repolarization acceleration vector and index of activation duration. Decartographic parameters were more informative as compared with ECG criteria. Conclusion. In patients with PAH decartographic parameters can be useful for detecting the overload of the right ventricle and the assessment of its severity.
The correlation of the efficacy and safety of statins with the aim of primary and secondary prevention: myths and reality
Authors: Gilyarevsky S R , Golshmid M V , Kuzmina I M
Published: February 2021

This article deals with the different aspects of statins acceptability. Special attention is paid to the most clinically significant and frequent side-effects of the statins application. In particular, we discuss in detail the problem of toxic effect of statins on muscles and the approaches of the optimum tactics of treatment in patients with the symptoms of muscles damage associated with the use of statins. We show the information concerning the safety use of modern statins, especially rosuvastatin.
Medical and social risk factors for arterial hypertension in coal miners
Authors: Indukaeva E V , Makarov S A , Ogarkov M Yu
Published: February 2021

The risk of cardiovascular complications increases steadily with increases in arterial pressure and is significantly intensified in the presence of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (smoking, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol abuse, stress, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus). It reduces the quality of life, which is especially important for people, engaged in heavy physical labor. The most common medical and social risk factors for cardiovascular disease and hypertension in coal miners are the following: overweight and obesity, bad habits and lack of education. The further study of the prevalence pattern of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in coal miners is required to develop, implement and evaluate the efficiency of preventive measures towards reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Gender differences renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its relation to humoral factors in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Dadashova G M
Published: February 2021

Aim. Explore gender characteristics of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), to assess the state of the RAAS relationship with the level of female sex hormones, aldosterone, plasma renin activity in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) in postmenopausal women.Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients with hypertension 1-3-th degree, the average age 56.8±6.9 years. The control group included 21 healthy people with a normal body mass index (BMI). Each of these groups was divided into subgroups by gender: group IA included healthy men (n=10), group IB - healthy women (n=11), group IIA - men with hypertension (n=17), group IIB - Women with hypertension (n=18). Evaluation was carried out with a hormonal status determining levels of estradiol, testosterone, aldosterone, plasma renin activity in the serum.Results. Aldosterone concentration in group IIB was 169.8±109.9 pg/ml and was significantly higher (p
The first Russian experience of sildenafil application in patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Dadacheva Z Kh , Belevskaya A A , Saidova M A , Danilov N M , Martyniuk T V , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Over the last decade, the interest in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) has greatly increased because of the development and implementation of innovative therapeutic approaches. One of the modern drug groups for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension are phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5), which can cause pulmonary vasodilation via a NO-dependent mechanism.The aim of the research was to study the efficacy and safety of sildenafil treatment in patients with IPAH received 16-week course and to study sildenafil impact on clinical, hemodynamic and functional status.Material and methods: 20 patients with IPAH (mean age 40.9±11.5 years) functional class (FC) II-IV (WHO), who were receiving standard therapy (anticoagulants, diuretics, glycosides, calcium antagonists), were prescribed sildenafil 20 mg three times a day for 16 weeks. Initially, and after 16 weeks of treatment we studied FC, and the results of the six-minute walk test (6MWT), transthoracic echocardiography (ECHO), right heart catheterization (RHC) and laboratory tests to determine the safety of the therapy were carried out, as well.Results: the group of patients had 6MWT distance of 344±116 m at the beginning of the study. For about 90% of the patients suffered from dizziness, 75% - from the pain in the heart, 65% of the patients had edema and 35% - hepatomegaly. The patients suffered from severe pulmonary hypertension according to the functional and hemodynamic status. The estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) according to ECHO results was 89.6±22 mm Hg. According to the data from RHC we noted the elevation of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) to 56.3±19 mm Hg, of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) to 1218±709 dyne/sec x per x cm-5 and the decrease in cardiac output (CO) - 3.4±0.8 l/min/m2.There were slight increasing in 6MWT distance (+23 m, p>0.05) and a statistically significant improvement in clinical status in comparison with the initial data: dizziness - 71%, heart pain - 38%, edema and hepatomegaly were observed in 15% and 14% (p
Effectiveness of combined antihypertensive treatment depending on the phenomenon of salt sensitivity in patients with refractory arterial hypertension
Authors: Skibitskiy V V , Garkusha E S , Fendrikova A V
Published: February 2021

Purpose of study - evaluate the effectiveness of combined antihypertensive treatmentthat includes direct renin inhibitor in salt-sensitive and salt-resistant patients with refractory hypertension (RHT).Methods and materials. The study included 192 patients with RHT. Based on the results of the V.I.Kharchenko test and a variation of combined antihypertensive therapy, all patients were randomized into groups: group 1 - salt-sensitive patients treated with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI), dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (CA), thiazide diuretic (TD) and direct renin inhibitor aliskiren (subgroup 1A) or b-blocker - BB (subgroup 1B); group 2 - salt-resistant patients treated with ACE inhibitors, dihydropyridine CA, TD and aliskiren (subgroup 2A) or BB (subgroup 2B). In the absence of achieving target BP after 6 weeks from the start of observation, patients started receiving five-component treatment: ACE inhibitor, CA, TD, BB and aliskiren. Initially and after 48 weeks of observation, all patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).Results. In the group of salt-sensitive patients treatment including aliskiren contributed to achievement of target values of BP in 43.3%, and with pre- scription of BB - in 54.3% of patients. In both groups there was a significant improvement in most of the parameters of ABPM, more pronounced when using BB. Normalization of circadian BP profile was registered significantly more often ( p
Torasemid in the treatment of cardiovascular disease: the optimal use in conditions of comorbidity
Authors: Poteshkina N G , Troshina A A
Published: February 2021

The article reviews the current clinical data on the use of one of the modern pharmacological drugs torasemide (Diuver, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Israel) in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in conditions of comorbidity. Presents a comprehensive view of the problem identified and a reasoned approach to the choice of diuretic therapy with clinico-pathophysiological substantiation of the use of a loop diuretic torasemid. Conceptually formed of a number of provisions on the application of one of the modern diuretic drugs in therapeutic practice in patients with arterial hypertension and heart failure.
«New» molecules composed of rational combinations of antihypertensive drugs: issues of choice
Authors: Kislyak O A , Chervyakova Yu B
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the factors that determine the choice of antihypertensive drugs, especially blockers of receptors of angiotensin and thiazide diuretics. The data about the peculiarities of azilsartan medoxomil, it differs from other sartans. Among the main properties of azilsartan medoxomil, which may determine his choice for the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension, is called the significant strength of the binding of blockers of receptors of angiotensin to AT1 receptor and its duration of action, as well as special properties that improve tissue sensitivity to insulin. Discussed the feasibility of establishing fixed combinations azilsartan medoxomil with thiazide diuretics chlorthalidone.
The major arteries and skin microcirculatory vessels status and antihypertensive therapy effect on them in hypertensive patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Mordvinova E V , Oshchepkova E V , Fedorovich A A , Zairova A R , Pogorelova O A , Tripoten M I , Rogoza A N
Published: February 2021

Aim: to assess the state of the large blood vessels and skin microcirculatory vessels and the effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) on them in hypertensive patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVR). Subjects and methods. We examined 59 hypertensive patients aged 35-60 years, of which 29 high CVR subjects and 30 very high CVR (without antihypertensive therapy within 2 weeks prior to the study). In all subjects the evaluation of target organ damage, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) with initial perfusion parameters registration and amplitude-frequency spectrum of LDF-grams analysis, registration of central blood pressure, local stiffness parameters and photoplethysmography (PTMG) were performed. The second study was carried out after 2 weeks of antihypertensive treatment with ARB. Results. A significant increase in endothelial rhythm amplitude and coefficient of variation in very high risk hypertensive patients in comparison with a group of high-risk patients was found. In the group of very high-risk hypertensive patients central arterial pressure, augmentation index and local stiffness values were higher (n/a), the rate of carotid arteries extensibility was significantly reduced. There was a significant large vessels impairment in very high risk group according PTMG data. Target blood pressure level achieved in up to 80% of patients after 2 weeks treatment. During the re-examination a statistically significant improvement in the large arteries was found, LDF parameters also improved, but significant values was not reached. Conclusion. The findings suggest that with increasing degree of CVR in patients with hypertension there is a progressive deterioration of both large vessels and microcirculation state. After short-term antihypertensive therapy the function of large vessels improve in very high risk hypertensive patients, but the state of the microvasculature not changes significantly.
Vascular stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension: possible antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Ostroumova O D , Kochetkov A I , Lopukhina M V
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the factors that increase the arterial stiffness: the blood pressure, atherosclerosis, smoking, diabetes, age. Given evidence that pulse wave velocity and a number of other indicators that reflect the state of the vascular wall, are markers for increased risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality. The influence of antihypertensive drugs of different groups on the stiffness of the vascular wall, with particular attention paid to the effects of drugs from group of diuretics. We discuss possible mechanisms of the influence of indapamide retard on the elastic properties of vessels. It is emphasized that the influence on the stiffness of the arteries of different antigipertenzivny medicines, even belong to the same class, is different, due to differences in pharmacokinetic properties.
Assessment of efficiency and safety of application of the reproduced drug of Mertenil® according to MSCT-coronary angiography
Authors: Malov A A , Feiskhanova L I
Published: February 2021

In article possibility of an assessment of efficiency of therapy by the reproduced drug Mertenil of production of JSC Gideon Richter (Hungary) appointed for the purpose of primary prevention of the cardiovascular diseases. Increase of level of lipoproteid of the low density is one of the most powerful risk factors of death. Today therapy of a statin is carried out both for secondary and for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. For an assessment of dynamics of atherosclerotic processat patients with the diagnosis: CHD hypercholesterolemia without visual verification of defeat of the proximal coronary course possibility of use of a multispiral computer tomography of coronary arteries with calculation of a coronary calcic index is considered.
A modern view of the place of b-blockers in the treatmentof cardiovascular disease: the choice of drug within a class is crucial
Authors: Ostroumova O D , Fomina V M , Smolyarchuk E A
Published: February 2021

In the article discusses questions of application of b-blockers (b-AB) for the treatment of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure. The data from modern Russian and European recommendations about the place of b-AB in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Analyzed in detail the selection of b-AB inside the class from the standpoint of pharmacokinetics, selectivity, study in clinical studies. Data about efficiency and safety of application of metoprolol succinate for the treatment of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure.
Combined pharmacotherapy of arterial hypertension. Overview fixed combination antihypertensive drugs
Authors: Morozova T E , Andrushchishina T B , Yudina I Yu
Published: February 2021

Hypertension remains the cornerstone of the cardiovascular continuum. An increasing number of patients receive a combination antihypertensive therapy to achieve target blood pressure, expanding indications for combination therapy at the onset of treatment. Constantly growing market of fixed combinations (FC) of antihypertensive drugs. The article gives an overview of the FC, registered in the Russian Federation, discussed the clinical situation for the preferential destination of a FC. A more detailed analysis of FC comprising the angiotensin II receptor blocker and diuretics, in particular, discusses the benefits of FC comprising angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide.
Comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk factors of arterial hypertension in indigenous and non-indigenous inhabitants of Mountain Shoria
Authors: Mulerova T A , Maksimov S A , Ogarkov M Yu
Published: February 2021

Purpose: a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and a population risk of arterial hypertension (AH), which is conditioned by them, among indigenous and non-indigenous population of Mountain Shoria. Materials and methods. We conducted a clinical and epidemiological study of the population who live compactly in the areas of Mountain Shoria (Orton and Ust-Kabyrza villages) and in the urban-type village (Sheregesh). These regions of middle mountains are situated in the south of Western Siberia. We examined 1178 inhabitants of the indicated villages by a continuous method, the sampling consisted of adult population (18 years and older). For the estimation of the population risk of AH, conditioned by cardiovascular risk factors, we calculated a load by these factors, consisting of the ratio of the prevalence of these factors in the studied subpopulations to the prevalence in the entire cohort. Results. Among the studied risk factors the greatest contribution to the prevalence of AH in the entire sample has the abdominal obesity - 100 c.u., obesity - 77 c.u., elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol - 73 c.u., carbohydrate metabolism disorders - 59 c.u., elevated indicator of total cholesterol - 56 c.u., lack of physical activity - 54 c.u., dyslipidemia - 53 c.u. The contribution of the other risk factor is fewer, in the range from 1 to 27 c.u. The total value of the load with risk factors in the entire sample is 556 c.u. The minimum values of additional risk of AH in all age groups are registered in Shor men, the maximum values - in women of non-indigenous ethnic group. The direction of changes with age of additional risk of AH in gender groups are different: in men - a slight increase in each successive age group, in women - a pronounced increase of load in 40-64 years followed by a slight increase in the senior age group. Conclusion. The conducted study indicates the differences of population risk of AH associated with cardiovascular risk factors in the ethnic cohorts of Mountain Shoria.
Arterial hypertension treatment changes in Yaroslavl region: results obtained after 4 years of complex program of regional healthcare system’s improvement implementation
Authors: Mozheyko M E , Vigdorchik A V , Eregin S Ya , Danilenko N V , Klimovskaya I M , Ramanathan K , Hughes D
Published: February 2021

Program’s aim. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in Russia are among the highest in Europe. The aim of this work was to implement a complex healthcare system improvement program in Russia’s Yaroslavl region, dedicated to increasing arterial hypertension treatment efficacy and prevent complications of arterial hypertension. Materials and methods. The program was developed by a group of healthcare professionals of the Department of Healthcare and Pharmacy of Yaroslavl region together with Novartis Pharma Company’s technical advice within the framework of a private-public partnership. The program consisted of several actions aiming to raise the healthcare system’s attention to hypertension. Achievement of target blood pressure (BP) control by every patient seen by physicians of the Yaroslavl region healthcare system became the main goal and leading criteria for assessing hypertension treatment efficacy. Additionally, significant effort was put into patient education on self-control of BP levels and importance of achieving target BP levels in accordance with Russian national clinical guidelines and on adherence to treatment. Within 4 years, program efficacy was evaluated and reinforced by conducting annual cross-sectional questionnaire-based epidemiological studies. Analysis was performed in a representative sample of patients that evaluated BP control level, mean BP levels, systolic BP level distribution by grades, as well as cardiovascular risk factors and concomitant diseases presence and current antihypertensive therapy. In addition, analysis of official statistics on disease incidence and drug sales databases were performed. Results. From 2011 to 2014 BP control level increased significantly: 17% of patients had BP
Angiotensin receptor blocker telmisartan: efficacy, safety and relevance of clinical application
Authors: Maksimov M L , Dralova O V
Published: February 2021

Angiotensin receptor blocker telmisartan is a modern and effective antihypertensive drug which has advantages in comparison with other drugs of the group of angiotensin receptor blockers. Long half-life retains its effect is significant more than 24 hours, which is especially important for blood pressure control in the dangerous morning hours. Telmisartan is excreted by the kidneys less than 2%, making its use safe in patients with renal pathology. High antihypertensive efficacy combined with its excellent tolerability. Telmisartan has the greatest affinity to PPARg-receptors, which is especially important when selecting antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders, insulin resistance, metabolic disorders. A considerable number of studies showing the effectiveness of treatment with telmisartan in patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, nephropathy. The article presents the results of a study of therapeutic equivalence of generic drug is telmisartan, which showed a high bioequivalence to original brand-name formulation and was according to the indications: hypertension and decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients aged 55 years and older with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The results of our observations show comparable antihypertensive efficacy of the original and generic products and well tolerated by the results of questioning of patients.
Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events: a focus on central blood pressure
Authors: Murkamilov I T , Aitbaev K A , Sabirov I S , Fomin V V , Yusupov F A
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the review - to present the literature on the role of central arterial pressure (CAP) and arterial stiffness progression cardio-vascular complications (CVC) and renal dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main provisions. In this review we discuss the pathogenetic questions damaging effect of increasing CAP and arterial stiffness on the vascular wall, the development of arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque in the blood vessels of the kidneys. All this is the direct cause of the CVC and renal dysfunction in CKD.
Regulatory adaptive status in determining the effectiveness of nebivololum and sotalolum in patients with hypertensive disease and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Nazhalkina N M , Tregubov V G , Pokrovsky V M
Published: February 2021

Objective. Compare the effectiveness of treatment with nebivololum or sotalolum in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) on a background of essential hypertension (EH) taking into account quantitative evaluation of the regulatory adaptive status (RAS). Materials and methods. 49 patients with paroxysmal SVT against the background of EH of stages II-III took part in the research, they were randomized into two groups for treatment with nebivololum (7.4±1.9 mg/day n=25) or sotalolum (162.5±46.2 mg/day n=24). As part of combination therapy, patients were administered lisinoprilum (14.4±4.4 and 14.3±4.7 mg/day), when required also atorvastatinum (15.9±4.1 mg/day, n=9 and 16.0±4.8 mg/day, n=10), acetylsalicylic acid (93.1±16.2 mg/day, n=14 и 94.1±16.5 mg/day, n=14). Initially and 6 months after therapy, the following was done: quantitative assessment of RAS (by cardio-respiratory synchronism test), echocardiography, triplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries, treadmill test, six-minute walk test, all-day monitoring of blood pressure and electrocardiogram, subjective assessment of quality of life. Results. Both drug regimens comparably improved structural and functional condition of the heart, controlled arterial hypertension, effectively suppressed paroxysms of SVT, improved the quality of life. At the same time, the use of nebivololum increased the RAS and increased exercise tolerance to a greater degree than the use of sotalolum. Conclusion. In patients with paroxysmal SVT against the background of EH of stages II-III, the use of nebivololum as part of combination therapy may be preferable to sotalolum due to its positive impact on the RAS.
Markers of early target-organ brain damage in essential arterial hypertension: the search continues. Possibilities of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Parfenov V A , Ostroumova T M , Ostroumova O D , Perepelova E M , Perepelov V A
Published: February 2021

The article touches upon the issue of brain as an end-organ target of essential arterial hypertension (AH). The article gives current information about the possibilities and potential clinical application of diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging for the earliest assessment of white matter damage in patients with essential AH. Dataare presented upon the reduction of fractional anisotropy in hypertensive patients and its correlation with blood pressure level.
Beta-blockers, and real clinical practice in Russia: the gap between the understanding of the doses of beta-blockers and subsequent prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Fomin I V , Polyakov D S
Published: February 2021

Presents an analysis of the reception beta-blockers in three epidemiological studies sections of the EPOKhA. Respondents in each slice (2002, 2007, 2017) were stratified into 5 subgroups: only suffering from hypertension - AH (subgroup AH), patients with stable angina pectoris, but in history and clinically has no evidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and chronic heart failure (subgroup of coronary heart disease); after myocardial infarction, but do not have clinical manifestations of chronic heart failure (subgroup myocardial infarction); patients with acute myocardial infarction formed for any reason, but with no previous history of AMI (subgroup chronic heart failure), and patients with clinical manifestations of chronic heart failure after suffering AMI in anamnesis (subgroup myocardial infarction + chronic heart failure). During 15 years in the Russian Federation the frequency of administration of beta-blockers increased from 20% in the section of cardiovascular pathology to 30%. The most sensitive to the use of beta-blockers were patients with a history of AMI and chronic heart failure. Prolonged beta-blockers have been used at the population level only in 2007, but the frequency with any cardiovascular pathology does not exceed the 50% threshold, and the achievement of goals (control heart rate) does not exceed 10% of the level at any pathology. This dependence is associated with low-dose beta-blockers. In any case, the dose of beta-blockers did not exceed 50% of recommended that can be a separate cause of cardiovascular mortality at the population level in Russia.
Whether all ACE inhibitors enzyme are identical? Focus on zofenopril.
Authors: Ratova Lyudmila Gennadievna , Chazova Irina Evgen'evna
Published: February 2021

The results of randomized clinical trials were analyzed. The therapy with an ACE inhibitor zofenopril in patients with cardiovascular disease
resulted to reduction of cardiovascular complications and mortality risk. Zofenopril was safe and well-tolerated patients. Ongoing
zofenopril trials are also reviewed.
Three calcium antagonists: a place of everyone in treatment arterial hypertension (ALTERNATIVE study)
Authors: Chazova Irina Evgen'evna , Ratova Lyudmila Gennadievna
Published: February 2021

In some regions of Russia, the prescription of different calcium antagonists by physicians was analyzed. This made it possible to assess their experience and knowledge and to direct ways to further improvements of the quality of care to patients with arterial hypertension. The present-day medical treatment of arterial hypertension in the Russian Federation is mainly determined by the recommendations made by the Russian Society of Hypertension and Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology 2008; however, the choice of a drug should be primarily based on a comprehensive assessment of risk factors available in a patient.
AGE DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURES OF INTEGRATIVE IDENTITY OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS
Authors: Ветвицкая Светлана Михайловна , Кухтарева Ольга Алексеевна , Логвиненко Лидия Викторовна
Published: February 2021

Представлен сравнительный анализ результатов научных исследований в области интегративной индивидуальности (ИИ) различных этнических групп с целью выявления особенностей этнопсихологических проявлений. Рассматривались пятьдесят показателей ИИ, проявляющихся на четырех её уровнях: нейродинамическом, психодинамическом, личностном и социально-психологическом. Факторный анализ в структурах ИИ различных этносов показал, что в процессе возрастного развития от младшего к более старшему возрасту наблюдается существенное изменение факторных структур во всех этнических общностях. Анализ факторных комплексов различных этносов позволил сделать вывод, что рассмотренные показатели ИИ в каждом из факторных образований складываются в своеобразную систему компонентов - определенный тип проявления этнических особенностей.

A comparative analysis of the results of scientific research in the field of integrative identity (AI) of various ethnic groups is presented in order to identify the features of ethnopsychological manifestations. Fifty indicators of the integrative identity which are shown at four of her levels were used: neurodynamic, psychodynamic, personal and social and psychological. The factorial analysis in structures of integrative identity of various ethnoses has taken factorial educations and has shown that in the course of age development from younger age by more senior age period essential change of factorial structures in all ethnic communities is observed. I have revealed comparison of factorial structures of integrative identity in groups of different ethnos that upon transition from one age period to another in factorial educations alternation in a sheaf «natural - social» is observed. The analysis of factorial complexes of various ethnic selections allowed to draw a conclusion that the surveyed indicators of integrative identity in each of factorial educations develop in a peculiar system of components - a certain type of implication of ethnic features.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN-ORPHANS, ARE PRONE TO VICTIMIZATION BEHAVIOR
Authors: Данилова Маргарита Александровна , Юдеева Татьяна Васильевна
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования психологических особенностей детей-сирот, склонных к виктимному поведению. Выявлены и описаны различия в психологических особенностях детей-сирот, склонных к виктимному поведению, и подростков, у которых нет склонности к виктимному поведению. У подростков-сирот, склонных к виктимному поведению, выявлены высокий уровень агрессивности, высокий уровень выраженности алекситимии, низкие показатели самоуверенности. В исследовании были использованы следующие методики: тест склонности к виктимному поведению О.О. Андронниковой; опросник уровня агрессивности Басса-Перри; Торонтская алекситимическая шкала; методика исследования самоотношения В.В. Столина, С.Р. Пантелеева. Результаты исследования могут быть полезными для психологов и педагогов в подготовке мероприятий, посвященных профилактике виктимного поведения подростков. Практическое применение результатов данного исследования в перспективе может позволить создать модель психологической помощи детям-сиротам, склонным к виктимному поведению, реализующую коррекцию гиперфункции защитных механизмов психики последних.

The results of an empirical study of the psychological characteristics of orphans prone to victim behavior are presented. Differences in psychological characteristics of orphans prone to victimization and adolescents who do not have a tendency to victim behavior are identified and described. High level of aggressiveness, high level of alexithymia severity, low self-confidence indices were revealed in orphans prone to victim behavior. The following methods were used in the study: test of propensity to victim behavior by O.O. Andronnikova; Bass-Perry aggressiveness level questionnaire; Toronto alexithymic scale; V.V. Stolin, S.R. Pantileev self-attitude research methodology. The results of the study can be useful for psychologists and educators in the preparation of activities dedicated to the prevention of victim behavior of adolescents. Practical application of the results of this study in the future, may allow to create a model of psychological assistance to orphans prone to victim behavior, implementing the correction of hyperfunction of the protective mechanisms of the psyche of the latter.
PREPARATION OF RUSSIAN TEACHERS FOR TEACHING LOCAL HISTORY (SECOND HALF OF THE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES)
Authors: Зубарева Наталья Николаевна , Киреева Елена Васильевна
Published: February 2021

Выявлен потенциал содержательного и методического аспектов изучения краеведения исследуемого периода. Изучена деятельность земств и показана их роль в привлечении педагогов к подготовке краеведческой литературы. Проанализирован передовой для того времени опыт подготовки учительских кадров и оказания им методической помощи по преподаванию краеведения.

The potential of the content and methodological aspects of the study of local history of the period under study is revealed. The activity of Zemstvos is studied and their role in attracting teachers to the preparation of local history literature is shown. The article analyzes the best experience of training teachers and providing them with methodological assistance in teaching local history.