bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lula-le-Miracle
Authors: Wormser Gérard
Published: September 2024

Au terme de deux mois de transition après la courte victoire électorale de Lula au
Brésil le 30 octobre 2022, le sac de l’Esplanade de Brasília a rappelé au nouveau
gouvernement qu’il n’avait pas partie gagnée. Il s’en est fallu de peu que ne réussisse
l’attaque du siège des institutions fédérales. Ce scénario a avorté dès que la police
s’est soumise aux nouvelles autorités fédérales pour reconquérir le terrain. Le fiasco
des autorités de Brasília débouche sur la gestion directe de la sécurité par le
gouvernement et sur la mise à pied de centaines de fonctionnaires. Notre analyse à chaud
tente de décrypter ce que cet événement nous dit des divisions d’un pays qui doute
profondément de ses institutions.
LA (THEO-)LOGIQUE DE SCHELLING EN 1809
Authors: Nini Matthew
Published: September 2024

Les Recherches philosophiques sur l’essence de la liberté humaine et les sujets qui s’y rattachent (1809), texte central dans l’oeuvre de Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, est une réponse aux accusations de panthéisme et par conséquent, l’occasion pour l’auteur de repenser son monisme ou « All-Einheitslehre ». Dans une tentative de réinterprétation créative du motif panthéiste évoqué par la phrase « Dieu est toutes choses », Schelling consacrera les premières pages de ses Recherches à une relecture du principe d’identité. Ici, nous tenterons d’élucider cette relecture, en accordant une attention particulière à la manière dont elle est façonnée par un certain nombre de sources plus anciennes, en particulier la théorie de l’âme du monde de Platon, la téléologie de Kant et la logique de Gottfried Ploucquet. Nous affirmerons que la théorie de l’identité de Schelling incorporera le principe de la raison suffisante comme son égal, les deux constituant ce que nous appellerons « le principe du fondement ». Cela donnera lieu à la distinction fondatrice des Recherches de 1809, l’idée que Dieu a un fondement qui est en lui, mais qui ne doit pas être confondu avec lui dans la mesure où il existe. Dire que « Dieu est toutes choses », c’est décrire comment les parties et le Tout interagissent dans un système organique, ou plus précisément, comment les systèmes microcosmiques se rapportent au macrocosme global auquel ils appartiennent.
SPIRIT OF NATURE/SPIRIT OF GOD
Authors: McGrath Sean
Published: September 2024

This paper tracks the concept of the world soul in Schelling’s early and late
philosophy. The concept is central to Schelling’s early philosophy of self-organizing
nature. It seems to disappear in his later period, in which Schelling distances himself from
his earlier pantheism and comes to think of nature as fallen, distanced from the divine, and
de-spiritualized. However, Schelling’s subordinationist Trinitarianism conceives of the
Trinity as implicated in the Fall and processively included in the redemption. The
redemption of nature is the special prerogative of the Third Person, the Holy Spirit, who
personalizes himself by emerging through natural history as nature’s principle of
organization and goal. All of nature, in the late Schelling’s Pauline vision, is directed
toward the revelation of the Christ as the Lord of the Universe. The world soul is not
simply identical to the Holy Spirit. For the later Schelling, the world soul does not yet
exist. But it will in the end, when it will be actualized as not only the spirit of nature
but also the Spirit of God.
WILLIAM CHILLINGWORTH AND THE ORIGINS OF ANGLO-AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
Authors: Sweet William
Published: September 2024

In this paper I look at one of those thinkers who set the stage for, and influenced, Locke and Hume, William Chillingworth (1602-1644), and show how he understood faith, reason, and the relation between the two. Addressing the question of how the relation of faith and reason came to be an issue in the Anglo-American theological and philosophical traditions will provide some context for the later discussions by Locke and Hume on this relation, but will also show the distinctiveness of this earlier account of faith and reason – an account which may provide some insight and resources for discussing the general issue of the relation of faith and reason today.
Traditional Art-Making and Emerging Technologies: An Individual Journey into AI and AR Integration in Portrait Creation
Authors: Mossalim Jihane
Published: September 2024

In this article, I share my personal process and outcomes while merging traditional art-making methods with emerging technologies to create portraits. Through the creation of eight oil portrait paintings with AI and AR components, I explore questions and meanings surrounding the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) with conventional art-making tools. I also investigate how emerging technologies, such as AI and AR, can complement traditional artistic approaches like painting and drawing. By conducting interviews, maintaining a journal, and creating the portraits, I delve into the subject, uncovering many contrasts between traditional media and emerging technologies, both in terms of physical and mental aspects. I describe how this combination of media significantly impacted my creative process and the final artworks' outcomes. In conclusion, I contemplate the broader implications of integrating emerging technologies into art classes, and how elementary teachers can utilize and teach these innovations as tools for creating art. This study opens up new possibilities for artistic expression, reflecting on the potential of blending tradition and technology in the realm of art-making.
Future Identity Matters: The Essence of Adolescence with Comics
Authors: Attic Dan
Published: September 2024

In 2020, I piloted an art project involving a comic jam giving secondary students an opportunity to explore and express ideas related to identity. I would like to share this exciting teaching idea by presenting what I’ve learned about this approach and the research supporting the creation of comic book-style art as a means to help teens answer the question, “Who am I?”. What began initially as a student meet and greet through their comic book-style creations, has evolved to a more complex framework where students consider hybrid identities while creating fictional characters using digital collage. In most instances, students have referred to past or present experiences in order to access their ideas related to identity. Recently, I recognized the importance of future thinking in adolescence, and that perhaps, through making comic book-style art and participating in comic jams, secondary students might also be able to consider a future self. In the process of becoming adults, teenagers must also be asking the question, “Who will I be?”.
(Re) Visiting and (Re) Constructing Meaning
Authors: Mabasa Ignatius T.
Published: September 2024

Framed from an auto-ethnographic theoretical and conceptual point of entry, this paper intends to reflect on two Indigenous peoples’ folktales told by two raconteurs, Louis Bird, an elder and storyteller from the Swampy Cree Nation (Canada), and the author, who is an African (Shona) storyteller. The two tales are traditional and were handed down orally, which makes the date of their creation or context unknown. Yet, despite the huge geographical and geo-political situatedness between the Shona (Zimbabwe) and the Cree (Canada), it is elements of cultural parallelism in the worlds of the two stories that are striking as they seem to converge and comment on multiple conceptual and thematic strands such as belonging, dispossession, displacement, domination and destabilisation. Besides the remarkable way that they use time as a literary device, both stories seem to demonstrate the ability of traditional Indigenous tales to function as possible legitimate historical records that can possibly offer multiple readings that speak to different audiences beyond a group’s cultural context.
L’engagement1 féministe de Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain (1898-1975)
Authors: Lamour Sabine
Published: September 2024

Cette étude porte sur l’engagement féministe de Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain, première anthropologue haïtienne reconnue. Ayant travaillé dans le champ de l’anthropologie et de la linguistique, cette figure avant-gardiste de la longue et riche histoire du féminisme haïtien a porté une attention soutenue aux réalités des femmes noires, dont celles de son pays. Son engagement intellectuel a été profondément influencé par une communauté épistémique constituée de femmes marquées par des situations diverses. Cet article souligne l’apport théorique de cette chercheure dans la structuration du féministe haïtien et du féministe noir en général ; il retrace un demi-siècle de sa contribution à la compréhension des rapports de pouvoir, dont ceux de sexe en Haïti et à l’étranger.
Le Vieux-Québec
Authors: Gourbin Émilie
Published: September 2024

Les villes du patrimoine mondial sont contraintes de s’adapter à de nombreux et nouveaux défis au 21e siècle. L’arrondissement historique du Vieux-Québec, inscrit sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO depuis 1985, sert de point de départ à une étude holistique de son patrimoine. Cette recherche entend adopter une méthodologie inédite, en employant un cadre d’analyse qui applique les six étapes de l’approche du paysage urbain historique (PUH) pour interroger sa situation actuelle et la manière dont la Ville de Québec met en place une approche patrimoniale inclusive et durable pour s’adapter aux nouveaux défis urbains. Suite à une enquête menée auprès de résidents, les résultats mettent en lumière les dynamiques entre les différents acteurs concernés par ce quartier classé, la pertinence du concept du PUH, et la redéfinition opérée par la Ville de Québec pour une gestion inclusive et durable de son patrimoine.
Le folklore bulgare sur scène
Authors: Baulot-Souckov Clément
Published: September 2024

Les oeuvres musicales dansées peuvent être analysées sous différents angles. L’objectif de cet article est de comparer quatre méthodes d’analyse choréomusicologiques parmi les plus citées dans la littérature scientifique afin de caractériser au mieux la relation entre la musique et la danse. L’intérêt de de cette recherche vise à permettre de nouvelles études analytiques d’oeuvres du répertoire scénique et folklorique en Bulgarie, mais pas exclusivement. Nous commencerons par explorer la méthode de Stephanie Jordan, puis celle de Fyodor Lopukhov, des trois chercheurs Tamas Ungvary, Simon Waters et Peter Rajka, avant de traiter de celle de Paul Hodgins. Nous évaluerons quelle structure est la plus utile pour l’étude du répertoire folklorique scénique bulgare. Si les catégories proposées par Jordan accordent une place prépondérante au rythme, les lignes directrices développées par Lopukhov relèvent plus de conseils à la création. Les paramètres d’Ungvary, Waters et Rajka s’orientent davantage vers une réflexion sur la caractérisation de la relation entre musique et danse. Le paradigme de Hodgins décline un nombre important de critères d’évaluation choréomusicologiques qui semblent prometteurs.
Problematizações em torno da produção científica na pós-graduação em educação
Authors: Salomé Josélia Schwanka , Fofonca Eduardo
Published: September 2024

Resumo
O artigo problematiza o crescente predomínio da produção do conhecimento no campo educacional, sobretudo ao se refletir sobre o processo contínuo de mercadorização do conhecimento, o que afeta os programas de pós-graduação num produtivismo acadêmico. O artigo se desenvolve por meio de duas premissas, que se complementam para aprofundar a abordagem. A primeira delas diz respeito à busca por temas que podem atrair a atenção dos leitores - o que nem sempre reflete a importância dos escritos como resultado do fazer ciência e, por serem lugares-comuns momentâneos, sem uma real contribuição para o avanço científico na área. Já a segunda premissa tenciona, positivamente, a real necessidade de uma avaliação crítica ao observar a relevância e o impacto das pesquisas desenvolvidas, que resultam em artigos delas decorrentes, a fim de promover uma abordagem abrangente das temáticas mais seletivas para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico de forma que sejam advindas das práticas sociais dos autores. Diante da segunda premissa, pode-se considerar que esta poderá contribuir significativamente para a editoração das revistas científicas, oportunizando o enfrentamento de questões inadequadas, considerando então o que produz sentido no contexto das comunidades científicas e sociais específicas, enriquecendo, contudo, o diálogo acadêmico com experiências concretas.
 
Palavras-chave: produção científica, mercadorização do conhecimento, produtivismo acadêmico.
Production of recombinant OXA-23 carbapenemase: a target for developing antibody-based diagnostics against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Kasana Abhishek , Bhardwaj Brinda , Verma Vaishali
Published: September 2024

Carbapenems are typically the treatment of choice for drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; however, the emergence of carbapenem-resistant strains has elevated this pathogen to the World Health Organization’s critical priority pathogen list. Since carbapenem resistance is frequently mediated by carbapenemases, particularly oxacillinases and metallo-beta-lactamases, antibody-based carbapenemase detection tests can be developed for rapid and affordable diagnosis of the infection. However, the development of such tests requires the availability of high-quality target proteins for generating specific antibodies, their characterization, and assay optimization. In this study, we reported a streamlined workflow to obtain a purified preparation of the tagless and functionally active recombinant OXA-23 enzyme, which is one of the major factors responsible for carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. The recombinant protein was expressed in the heterologous expression host Escherichia coli using auto-induction and purified using a single step of chromatography, followed by the removal of the affinity tag using TEV protease. The simple protocol reported here is expected to facilitate the production of other carbapenemases and similar proteins for the development of diagnostics and therapeutics to support the fight against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Somatodendritic orientation determines tDCS-induced neuromodulation of Purkinje cell activity in awake mice
Authors: Sánchez-León Carlos A , Sánchez-Garrido Campos Guillermo , Fernández Marta , Sánchez-López Alvaro , Medina Javier F , Márquez-Ruiz Javier
Published: September 2024

Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) of the cerebellum is a promising non-invasive neuromodulatory technique being proposed for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how externally applied currents affect neuronal spiking activity in cerebellar circuits
in vivo
. We investigated how Cb-tDCS affects the firing rate of Purkinje cells (PC) and non-PC in the mouse cerebellar cortex to understand the underlying mechanisms behind the polarity-dependent modulation of neuronal activity induced by tDCS.Mice (n = 9) were prepared for the chronic recording of LFPs to assess the actual electric field gradient imposed by Cb-tDCS in our experimental design. Single-neuron extracellular recording of PCs in awake (n = 24) and anesthetized (n = 27) mice was combined with juxtacellular recordings and subsequent staining of PC with neurobiotin under anesthesia (n = 8) to correlate their neuronal orientation with their response to Cb-tDCS. Finally, a high-density Neuropixels recording system was used to demonstrate the relevance of neuronal orientation during the application of Cb-tDCS in awake mice (n = 6).In this study, we observe that Cb-tDCS induces a heterogeneous polarity-dependent modulation of the firing rate of Purkinje cells (PC) and non-PC in the mouse cerebellar cortex. We demonstrate that the apparently heterogeneous effects of tDCS on PC activity can be explained by taking into account the somatodendritic orientation relative to the electric field. Our findings highlight the need to consider neuronal orientation and morphology to improve tDCS computational models, enhance stimulation protocol reliability, and optimize effects in both basic and clinical applications.
Quick-quick-slow: the foxtrot migration and dynamic non-breeding range of the Arctic raptor
Authors: Pokrovsky Ivan , Curk Teja , Dietz Andreas , Fufachev Ivan , Kulikova Olga , Rößler Sebastian , Wikelski Martin
Published: September 2024

Advances in tracking technologies have revealed the diverse migration patterns of birds, which are critical for range mapping and population estimation. While population trends are typically estimated in breeding ranges where birds remain stationary, trends are commonly assessed in non-breeding ranges for species that breed in inaccessible regions such as the Arctic. This task is challenging due to the extensive movements of birds in these ranges, which require a deep understanding of the dynamics of these movements. However, these movements remain understudied, particularly in the mid-latitudes, where many Arctic breeders winter, increasing the risk of misestimating their ranges and numbers. Here, we show that the Arctic breeding raptor Rough-legged buzzard, which overwinters in the mid-latitudes, has a specific wintering strategy: during the entire non-breeding season, they move about 1000 km back and forth under the influence of the advancing snowline, making their non-breeding area dynamic. In essence, this movement represents an extension of the quick migration process, albeit at a slower pace, and we have termed this migration pattern ‘foxtrot migration,’ drawing an analogy to the alternating fast and slow movements of the foxtrot dance. These results highlight the potential errors in range mapping from single mid-winter surveys and emphasize the importance of this migration pattern in assessing the conservation status of bird species. Understanding this migration pattern helps to correctly estimate bird populations in non-breeding areas, which is especially important for species that nest in hard-to-reach regions such as the Arctic.
Distractor effects in decision making are related to the individual’s style of integrating choice attributes
Authors: Wong Jing Jun , Bongioanni Alessandro , Rushworth Matthew FS , Chau Bolton KH
Published: September 2024

Humans make irrational decisions in the presence of irrelevant distractor options. There is little consensus on whether decision making is facilitated or impaired by the presence of a highly rewarding distractor, or whether the distractor effect operates at the level of options’ component attributes rather than at the level of their overall value. To reconcile different claims, we argue that it is important to consider the diversity of people’s styles of decision making and whether choice attributes are combined in an additive or multiplicative way. Employing a multi-laboratory dataset investigating the same experimental paradigm, we demonstrated that people used a mix of both approaches and the extent to which approach was used varied across individuals. Critically, we identified that this variability was correlated with the distractor effect during decision making. Individuals who tended to use a multiplicative approach to compute value, showed a positive distractor effect. In contrast, a negative distractor effect (divisive normalisation) was prominent in individuals tending towards an additive approach. Findings suggest that the distractor effect is related to how value is constructed, which in turn may be influenced by task and subject specificities. This concurs with recent behavioural and neuroscience findings that multiple distractor effects co-exist.
SntB triggers the antioxidant pathways to regulate development and aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Wu Dandan , Yang Chi , Yao Yanfang , Ma Dongmei , Lin Hong , Hao Ling , Xin Wenwen , Ye Kangfu , Sun Minghui , Hu Yule , Yang Yanling , Zhuang Zhenhong
Published: September 2024

The epigenetic reader SntB was identified as an important transcriptional regulator of growth, development, and secondary metabolite synthesis in
Aspergillus flavus
. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study,
sntB
gene deletion (Δ
sntB
), complementary (Com-
sntB
), and HA tag fused to
sntB
(
sntB
-HA) strains were constructed by using the homologous recombination method, respectively. Our results revealed that deletion of
sntB
inhibited the processes of mycelia growth, conidial production, sclerotia formation, aflatoxin synthesis, and ability to colonize host, and the defective phenotype of knockout strain Δ
sntB
could be restored in its complementary strain Com-
sntB
. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) of
sntB-
HA and WT, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of Δ
sntB
and WT strains revealed that SntB played key roles in oxidative stress response of
A. flavus
. The function of
catC
gene (encode a catalase) was further analyzed based on the integration results of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq. In Δ
sntB
strain, the relative expression level of
catC
was significantly higher than in WT strain, while a secretory lipase encoding gene (G4B84_008359) was down-regulated. Under the stress of oxidant menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), the deletion of
sntB
obvious down-regulated the expression level of
catC
. After deletion of
catC
gene, the mycelia growth, conidial production, and sclerotia formation were inhibited, while ROS level and aflatoxin production were increased compared to the WT strain. Results also showed that the inhibition rate of MSB to Δ
catC
strain was significantly lower than that of WT group and AFB1 yield of the Δ
catC
strain was significantly decreased than that of WT strain under the stress of MSB. Our study revealed the potential machinery that SntB regulated fungal morphogenesis, mycotoxin anabolism, and fungal virulence through the axle of from SntB to fungal virulence and mycotoxin bio-synthesis, i.e. H3K36me3 modification-SntB-Peroxisomes-Lipid hydrolysis-fungal virulence and mycotoxin bio-synthesis. The results of this study shed light into the SntB mediated transcript regulation pathways of fungal mycotoxin anabolism and virulence, which provided potential strategy for control the contamination of
A. flavus
and its aflatoxins.
Protection afforded by post-infection SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses: a cohort study in Shanghai
Authors: Zheng Bo , Gonçalves Bronner , Deng Pengfei , Wang Weibing , Tian Jie , Liang Xueyao , Yao Ye , Xue Caoyi
Published: September 2024

In many settings, a large fraction of the population has both been vaccinated against and infected by SARS-CoV-2. Hence, quantifying the protection provided by post-infection vaccination has become critical for policy. We aimed to estimate the protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection of an additional vaccine dose after an initial Omicron variant infection.We report a retrospective, population-based cohort study performed in Shanghai, China, using electronic databases with information on SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccination history. We compared reinfection incidence by post-infection vaccination status in individuals initially infected during the April-May 2022 Omicron variant surge in Shanghai and who had been vaccinated before that period. Cox models were fit to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR).275,896 individuals were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in April-May 2022; 199,312/275,896 were included in analyses on the effect of a post-infection vaccine dose. Post-infection vaccination provided protection against reinfection (aHR 0.82; 95% CI 0.79-0.85). For patients who had received one, two or three vaccine doses before their first infection, hazard ratios for the post-infection vaccination effect were 0.84 (0.76-0.93), 0.87 (0.83-0.90) and 0.96 (0.74-1.23), respectively. Post-infection vaccination within 30 and 90 days before the second Omicron wave provided different degrees of protection (in aHR): 0.51 (0.44-0.58), and 0.67 (0.61-0.74), respectively. Moreover, for all vaccine types, but to different extents, a post-infection dose given to individuals who were fully vaccinated before first infection was protective.In previously vaccinated and infected individuals, an additional vaccine dose provided protection against Omicron variant reinfection. These observations will inform future policy decisions on COVID-19 vaccination in China and other countries.
An optimized BERT fine-tuned model using an artificial bee colony algorithm for automatic essay score prediction
Authors: Chassab Ridha Hussein , Zakaria Lailatul Qadri , Tiun Sabrina
Published: September 2024

Background

The Automatic Essay Score (AES) prediction system is essential in education applications. The AES system uses various textural and grammatical features to investigate the exact score value for AES. The derived features are processed by various linear regressions and classifiers that require the learning pattern to improve the overall score.

Issues

Moreover, the classifiers face catastrophic forgetting problems, which maximizes computation complexity and reduce prediction accuracy. The forgetting problem can be resolved using the freezing mechanism; however, the mechanism can cause prediction errors.

Method

Therefore, this research proposes an optimized Bi-directional Encoder Representation from Transformation (BERT) by applying the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC) and Fine-Tuned Model (ABC-BERT-FTM) to solve the forgetting problem, which leads to higher prediction accuracy. Therefore, the ABC algorithm reduces the forgetting problem by selecting optimized network parameters.

Results

Two AES datasets, ASAP and ETS, were used to evaluate the performance of the optimized BERT of the AES system, and a high accuracy of up to 98.5% was achieved. Thus, based on the result, we can conclude that optimizing the BERT with a suitable meta-heuristic algorithm, such as the ABC algorithm, can resolve the forgetting problem, eventually increasing the AES system’s prediction accuracy.
Exploring the synergy of guided numeric and text analysis in e-commerce: a comprehensive investigation into univariate and multivariate distributions
Authors: Ruangkanjanases Athapol , Hariguna Taqwa
Published: September 2024

This research adopts a holistic approach to analyze customer reviews in the e-commerce industry by utilizing a combined approach of numerical and text analysis. Specifically, this study integrates univariate, multivariate, and sentiment analysis to gain comprehensive insights into product preferences and customer satisfaction. The methodology includes a detailed examination of univariate distributions to uncover numerical trends in product ratings and preferences. Multivariate distributions are explored to understand the complex relationships between related variables. Sentiment analysis is performed using the Sentiment Intensity Analyzer to categorize reviews into positive, neutral, and negative sentiments. Additionally, N-gram analysis is applied to both recommended and non-recommended reviews to identify key themes, such as dissatisfaction with product size and satisfaction with fit. Logistic regression and naive Bayes models are employed to classify sentiment, with logistic regression achieving high accuracy on both training (91.3%) and validation data (89.2%). This research highlights the significant role of product recommendations as indicators of positive sentiment, while product ratings reveal the complexity in consumer judgment. The study contributes significantly to understanding the dynamics of customer reviews in the e-commerce industry, providing a solid foundation for smarter decision-making to improve customer experience and product quality.
Empresa de fruticultura irrigada do Vale do São Francisco: uma análise sob as metáforas de Morgan
Authors: Azevêdo Arlete Colaço de , Tabosa Jackeline Alves de Lucena , Oliveira Deranor Gomes de
Published: September 2024

Este estudo analisou a empresa Sweet Fruits, uma empresa de fruticultura irrigada localizada no Vale do São Francisco, na cidade de Petrolina-PE, que se encontra em processo de recuperação judicial. A análise utilizou as metáforas propostas por Gareth Morgan para identificar os fatores que contribuíram para a crise. Os resultados mostraram que a empresa enfrentou uma série de problemas, que podem ser agrupados em torno das cinco metáforas utilizadas: máquina (estrutura organizacional rígida e modelo de produção tradicional); organismo (não adaptação às mudanças ambientais e dificuldade de inovação e crescimento); fluxo e transformação  (interrupção no fluxo de crescimento, perda de competitividade e rentabilidade); sistema político (gestão ineficiente e problemas de comercialização); cérebro (tomada de decisões equivocadas implementação ineficaz das estratégias direcionadas aos  grupos de interesse). Cada metáfora fornece uma perspectiva diferente, e com base na análise, foram propostas as seguintes soluções para a recuperação da empresa: adoção de uma estrutura organizacional mais flexível e um modelo de produção inovador; investimento em pesquisa e desenvolvimento; melhoria do processo de tomada de decisão; investimento em um programa de motivação e valorização dos funcionários; adoção de um sistema de gestão mais participativo. As metáforas propostas por Morgan fornecem uma visão holística da organização, que pode ser útil para identificar os fatores que contribuem para a crise. O estudo foi baseado em uma análise de dados secundários, o que limita a sua validade. Contudo, contribui para a compreensão dos problemas enfrentados por organizações que passam por recuperação judicial.
Beraksi Learning Model : Improving Early Childhood Education Development Outcomes in Bulukumba District
Authors: Pahenra  , Bundu Patta , Rauf Bakhrani A.
Published: September 2024

Early Childhood Development is very important to shape the character, intelligence, and social skills of children that will have a significant impact on their future. The main objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of the implementation of the BERAKSI model (playing, creative, discussing and cheerful) on aspects of child development, and to identify factors that support or inhibit the implementation of the model. The research design used a quasi-experimental approach with control and experimental groups. This study was conducted in several Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Bulukumba Regency, where the experimental class implemented the BERAKSI model, while the control class used conventional learning methods. Data collection methods included observation, interviews with teachers, and pre-tests and post-tests to measure child development before and after the implementation of the model. Statistical tests were used to analyze significant differences between the two groups. The results showed that the BERAKSI model significantly improved aspects of child development compared to conventional methods. The average growth value in the experimental group was 62.49 higher, compared to the conventional method of 44.17. This shows the effectiveness of this model in supporting overall child development. Therefore, this study explains that the BERAKSI model is effective in optimizing aspects of child growth and development in early childhood education. This model can also be adopted more widely in ECE in Indonesia. The implications of this study are the need for further training for ECE teachers to implement the BERAKSI model effectively, as well as support from the government and the community to facilitate the implementation of this model.
Adulteration and Assessment of Raw Milk Quality in and Nearby Areas of Palampur Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Dogra Arti , Sharma Arpit , Thakur Purnima , Chandel Shilpa , Choudhary Simran , Kumari Savita , Mane B.G.
Published: September 2024

Milk is one of the essential food for human intake, especially for growing children, which contains various proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. However, milk is prone to adulteration, minimizing its quality and safety even as it has numerous benefits to consumers. Present research monitored the physicochemical quality and the level of adulteration observed for the milk samples which were directly retrieved from the consumer’s door. The study established that there was variations in different studied parameters in 120 collected raw milk samples where CLR (27.16±5.15), fat (4.07±1.53), SNF (7.94±1.70), Total solid (12.00%), Protein (2.92±0.58%), Lactose (4.38±0.82), Minerals (0.65±0.12) were assessed. As for the intentionally added substances formalin, starch, cellulose, maltose and boric acid were not present, while ammonium sulphate (9.10%), urea (6.66%), neutralizers (2.50%), detergent (10%), sodium chloride (30%), skim milk powder (1.66%), sugar (2.50%), glucose (3.33%), hydrogen peroxide (45.83%) and pond water were found in different percentages. The investigation was carried out on the problem of adulteration faced and awareness regarding the quality of milk and its variations which was needed for better quality check system. The investigation made awareness amongst the society about the health dangers linked with the contaminated milk advancements in dairy equipment’s and farming techniques can also enhance the milk quality. Testing helped to measure the nutritional contents of milk including fats, vitamins and minerals. Study provided information about factors affecting milk quality and better storage conditions.
Differential Variability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines to Moisture-stress at Reproductive Stages and DNA Methylation Studies of Identified Contrasting Genotypes under Moisture-Stress Conditions
Authors: Kumari Saumya , Antre Suresh H. , Subramanya AES
Published: September 2024

An investigation was undertaken to assess the effect of moisture stress during the reproductive initiation stage on the quality and quantity of pollen grains produced in eight inbred lines (UASBM22, UASBM13, UASBM09, UASBM11, UASBM06, UASBM14, UASBM02 and UASBM10) under greenhouse conditions in three blocks viz., well-watered, stress I (for 21 days from 28 days after sowing) and stress II (for 22 days from 32 days after sowing). Moisture stress significantly affected the number of pollen grains per anther and other plant growth-related traits. The moisture stress effect was not uniform across inbred lines. The inbred lines UASBM22, UASBM13, UASBM09 and UASBM11 recorded a significant reduction in the total number of pollen grains per anther and an increase in pollen sterility while in inbred lines, UASBM06, UASBM14, UASBM02 and UASBM10, the moisture stress effect was not significant. The changes in the DNA methylation pattern in leaves and immature anthers under moisture stress of the contrasting inbred lines (UASBM06 and UASBM13) were studied through methylation- sensitive random amplification polymorphism. An increase in total DNA methylation level in both leaves and anthers was observed in drought tolerant inbred line, UASBM06 under stress while the increase was only in the leaves of the susceptible inbred line UASBM13. Leaves and anthers of UASBM06 showed hypermethylation compared to UASBM13 in moisture-stress conditions. In maize, increased DNA methylation seems to be an important mechanism associated with drought responses which probably regulates the methylation-sensitive gene expression and acclimation responses in maize.
Outcome of neoadjuvant therapies for cancer of the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction based on a national data registry
Authors: Klevebro F , Lindblad M , Johansson J , Lundell L , Nilsson M
Published: October 2016

Background

Randomized trials have shown that neoadjuvant treatment improves survival in the curative treatment of oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Results from population-based observational studies are, however, sparse and ambiguous.

Methods

This prospective population-based cohort study included all patients who had oesophagectomy for cancer in Sweden, excluding clinical T1 N0, recorded in the National Register for Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer, 2006–2014. Patients were stratified into three groups: surgery alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Results

Neoadjuvant treatment was given to 521 patients (51·1 per cent) and 499 (48·9 per cent) received surgery alone. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased the risk of postoperative surgical complications compared with surgery alone (adjusted odds ratio 2·01, 95 per cent c.i. 1·24 to 3·25; P = 0·005). Postoperative mortality was significantly increased after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy compared with surgery alone (odds ratio 2·37, 1·06 to 5·29; P = 0·035). Survival improved in patients with squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, whereas after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy survival was significantly improved only in the subgroup with the highest performance status and without known co-morbidity. In adenocarcinoma there was a trend towards improved overall survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy did not offer a survival benefit. Stratified analysis including only patients with adenocarcinoma in the highest performance category without known co-morbidity showed a strong trend towards improved survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with surgery alone (adjusted hazard ratio 0·47, 0·21 to 1·04; P = 0·061).

Conclusion

For patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction, neoadjuvant treatments seemed to increase long-term survival, but also the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality, compared with surgery alone. Neither neoadjuvant treatment option seemed to improve survival significantly among patients with adenocarcinoma, compared with surgery alone.
Theoretical dynamic simulation software for slider crank mechanism of V8 engines
Authors: Christoloukas D. , Savaidis A.
Published: October 2016

This paper proposes a low‐cost technique for the evaluation of the forces in a kinematic mechanism of a slider crank system and provides these results for further use. By implementing the exact equations for kinematic and dynamic analysis in an object oriented programming module under the Visual Basic Net programming package, a theoretical dynamic simulation software was developed. All forces were extracted as graphical outputs on diagrams and as data tables, and are to be further applied as input files to Finite Element analysis systems for fatigue and stress analysis of a range of engine components.
Human Rights Impact Assessment of Business Activities: Key Criteria for Establishing a Meaningful Practice
Authors: GÖTZMANN Nora
Published: October 2016

This article considers the emerging practice of human rights impact assessment (HRIA) in the field of business and human rights. As HRIA is relatively new, current approaches vary considerably, indicating that there is a need for the business and human rights community to engage in further dialogue and debate about what good practice HRIA can and should entail. I propose five key criteria for HRIA of business activities: (1) applying international human rights standards; (2) considering the full scope of impacts; (3) adopting a human rights-based process; (4) ensuring accountability; and (5) addressing impacts according to severity. It is suggested that these criteria should form the basis of methodologies used to assess human rights impacts of business activities, with the view to developing HRIA practice that meaningfully contributes to preventing and addressing adverse impacts of business activities on the human rights enjoyment of workers and communities.
Cosmic Magnetic Fields
Authors: Kronberg Philipp P.
Published: October 2016

Magnetic fields are important in the Universe and their effects contain the key to many astrophysical phenomena that are otherwise impossible to understand. This book presents an up-to-date overview of this fast-growing topic and its interconnections to plasma processes, astroparticle physics, high energy astrophysics, and cosmic evolution. The phenomenology and impact of magnetic fields are described in diverse astrophysical contexts within the Universe, from galaxies to galaxy clusters, the filaments and voids of the intergalactic medium, and out to the largest redshifts. The presentation of mathematical formulae is accessible and is designed to add insight into the broad range of topics discussed. Written for graduate students and researchers in physics, astrophysics and related disciplines, this volume will inspire readers to devise new ways of thinking about magnetic fields in space on galaxy scales and beyond.
Lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in deliberate self-harm: a 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Gallagher A. T. , Byrne F. , Murray I. T. , Lally J. , Davis J. M. , Garland M. , Hibbeln J. R. , Hallahan B.
Published: October 2016

Objectives

To evaluate if n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lipid levels are associated with episodes of self-harm or depression over a 10-year period.

Methods

We included 40 individuals who self-harmed and 40 controls. Episodes of self-harm and depression were ascertained and levels of depression, impulsivity, suicidal ideation and plasma lipid levels measured at baseline and at 10-year follow-up.

Results

Further episode(s) of self-harm occurred in 26% of cases. Omega-3 PUFAs or lipids were not predictive of depressive or self-harm episodes. Baseline eicosapentaenoic acid levels were modestly correlated with suicidal ideation at follow-up and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid were modestly correlated with motor impulsivity at follow-up in cases.

Conclusions

Despite significant negative correlations at baseline between plasma lipids, n-3 PUFAs and psychopathology, these levels were not predictive of clinical outcome over a 10-year period. Further research however is required due to the relatively low sample size and the risk of selection bias due to loss to follow-up in this study.
Diversity and composition of plants, butterflies and odonates in an Imperata cylindrica grassland landscape in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Cleary D.F.R.
Published: October 2016

In Indonesia and elsewhere, Imperata cylindrica grassland now covers millions of hectares of land previously covered by rain forest. In the present study, shrubs, trees and climbers were recorded in sixteen 10 × 20-m plots and herb cover (ferns, grasses and herbaceous dicots) estimated in nested 2 × 2-m subplots. Butterflies and odonates were netted along 300-m transects. All plots and transects were randomly allocated to a 450 ha, I. cylindrica-dominated landscape. A total of 43 shrub, tree and climber, 16 herb, 67 butterfly and 30 odonate species were recorded. Shrubs, trees and climbers were present throughout the study area, but basal area was very low and mainly consisted of invasive species. Imperata cylindrica covered an estimated 65% of the area with other plant species or bare soil covering the remainder. Butterfly and odonate communities mainly consisted of species with large geographic distributions, but some recorded species had more limited distributions. The latter were, however, species known to associate with perturbed forest environments. Variation in the composition of butterflies and odonates was also related to variation in habitat structure (e.g. altitude and slope) and plant composition. Plant composition in particular appeared to structure both butterfly and odonate communities.
Automatic derivation of design schemata and subsequent generation of designs
Authors: Reed Kate , Gillies Duncan
Published: October 2016

This paper presents a method for automatically generating new designs from a set of existing objects of the same class using machine learning. In this particular work, we use a custom parametric chair design program to produce a large set of chairs that are tested for their physical properties using ergonomic simulations. Design schemata are found from this set of chairs and used to generate new designs by placing constraints on the generating parameters used in the program. The schemata are found by training decision trees on the chair data sets. These are automatically reverse engineered by examining the structure of the trees and creating a schema for each positive leaf. By finding a range of schemata, rather than a single solution, we maintain a diverse design space. This paper also describes how schemata for different properties can be combined to generate new designs that possess all properties required in a design brief. The method is shown to consistently produce viable designs, covering a large range of our design space, and demonstrates a significant time saving over generate and test using the same program and simulations.
The effectiveness of a visual image analysis (VIA) system for monitoring the performance of growing/finishing pigs
Authors: White R. P. , Schofield C. P. , Green D. M. , Parsons D. J. , Whittemore C. T.
Published: October 2016

A visual image analysis (VIA) system provided continuous, automatic collection of size and shape data for a total of 116 pigs slaughtered serially from 25 to 115 kg live weight. Males and females of three types of pigs (‘Meishan’ type, ‘Pietrain’ type, and ‘Landrace’ type) were selected to provide variation in both composition and conformation (the three types being, respectively, ‘fat’, ‘blocky’, and ‘lean’). Results below are presented in this order. Regression analysis was used to relate VIA size to platform weigher (FIRE) measurements of live weight. Residual maximum likelihood (REML) analysis showed that at the observed growth rate, a change in pig state could be detected by VIA after 8, 9, and 10 days respectively for the three types, and by the platform weigher system after 12, 4, and 13 days (in both cases with a confidence of 95%). Artificial neural network and canonical variates analysis were used to test the ability of VIA to distinguish between pig types and sexes. With cross validation, the canonical variates analysis correctly classified the three types in 72, 83, and 64% of observations, and the neural network in 81, 81, and 64% of observations. The VIA system is considered to be a valuable monitoring system which may play a rôle in the construction of integrated management systems (IMS).
Updating the Gender Gap(s): A Multilevel Approach to What Underpins Changing Cultural Attitudes
Authors: Clark April K.
Published: October 2016

A number of studies have shown that men and women hold dissimilar opinions on a variety of issues. While we have been cognizant of the existence of the gender gap, none of the extant research examines the extent to which these differences are a consequence of period and cohort effects simultaneously. Cohort and period explanations are central to how scholars theorize large-scale changes in public opinion. This study uses a multilevel approach—employing cross-classified random effects models—to explore the underpinnings of gender differences on social and cultural issues (such as social welfare opinions, gender roles, sexuality, abortion, racial equality, and crime- and justice-related attitudes) stemming from the replacement of individuals or because men and women are changing how they think. The advantage is that this approach encourages an effort to examine the relative impact of compositional and contextual factors over time and across birth cohorts and assesses the consequences of how changes in these factors affect some of our most fundamental hypotheses about the origins of a gendered culture war.
Call for Comments: Responsibilities and Rights of Scientists
Authors: Landau Elizabeth
Published: October 2016

The American Geophysical Union urges members to comment soon on the organization's new draft position statement about scientists' responsibilities and rights and the integrity of the scientific process.