bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O associativismo agrícola como estratégia para o desenvolvimento comunitário
Authors: Nanthapa Nanthapa César , Bata Eduardo Jaime
Published: October 2020

Em Moçambique, após a independência nacional em 1975, o Estado experimentou a política de socialização do campo, na qual grandes Companhias de produção agrícolas foram entregues à gestão do Estado; como estratégia para o desmantelamento da estrutura colonial de produção, até então vigente. O objetivoé analisar o papel das associações agrícolas, enquanto vetores do processo do desenvolvimento comunitário. Na verdade, fora às conotações político-ideológicas, que marcaram a origem do desenvolvimento comunitário, ele representa um espaço privilegiado no qual cada povo participa no planejamento e na realização de projetos que visam elevar o padrão de suas vidas (AMMANN, 1981). Com base nos aportes teóricos da pesquisa qualitativa, nomeadamente: o reconhecimento da singularidade do sujeito e a relevância da experiência social do sujeito (MARTILLI, 1999), bem como a revisão bibliográfica baseado em livros, artigos científico, teses e dissertações, além de documentos oficiais que regulam o associativismo no país. Adicionalmente, no período entre fevereiro e maio de 2019, foi realizada a pesquisa de campo na Comunidade de Mpaco na qual foi aplicada a entrevista para 20 camponeses da Associação 16 de junho. De fato, por um lado, a adesão à Associação tem um propósito comum, isto é, a busca por melhores condições de vida e, por outro lado, a Associação enquanto uma coletividadeoferece benefícios aos seus associados dos quais: a solidariedade, o companheirismo, a amizade, bem como a partilha de conhecimentos e técnicas de produção.
Design of RF Receiver Front end Subsystems with Low Noise Amplifier and Active Mixer for Intelligent Transportation Systems Application
Authors: Triapthi Shivesh , Mohapatra B. , Tiwari Prabhakar , Pathak Nagendra Prasad , Parida Manoranjan
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the design, simulation, and characterization of a novel low-noise amplifier (LNA) and active mixer for intelligent transportation system applications. A low noise amplifier is the key component of RF receiver systems. Design, simulation, and characterization of LNA have been performed to obtain the optimum value of noise figure, gain and reflection coefficient. Proposed LNA achieves measured voltage gains of ~18 dB, reflection coefficients of -20 dB, and noise figures of ~2 dB at 5.9 GHz, respectively. The active mixer is a better choice for a modern receiver system over a passive mixer. Key sight advanced design system in conjunction with the electromagnetic simulation tool, has been to obtain the optimal conversion gain and noise figure of the active mixer. The lower and upper resonant frequencies of mixer have been obtained at 2.45 GHz and 5.25 GHz, respectively. The measured conversion gains at lower and upper frequencies are 12 dB and 10.2 dB, respectively. The measured noise figures at lower and upper frequencies are 5.8 dB and 6.5 dB, respectively. The measured mixer interception point at lower and upper frequencies are 3.9 dBm and 4.2 dBm.
Constacyclic and Linear Complementary Dual Codes Over Fq + uFq
Authors: Prakash Om , Yadav Shikha , Verma Ram Krishna
Published: October 2020

This article discusses linear complementary dual (LCD) codes over ℜ = Fq+uFq(u2=1) where q is a power of an odd prime p. Authors come up with a new Gray map from ℜn to F2nq and define a new class of codes obtained as the gray image of constacyclic codes over .ℜ Further, we extend the study over Euclidean and Hermitian LCD codes and establish a relation between reversible cyclic codes and Euclidean LCD cyclic codes over ℜ. Finally, an application of LCD codes in multisecret sharing scheme is given.
Ultra high Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Panel Subjected to Severe Blast Loading
Authors: Mai Viet-Chinh , Vu Ngoc-Quang , Nguyen Van-Tu , Pham Hoang
Published: October 2020

Experimental studies play a crucial role in shedding light on the dynamic behaviour of structures under blast loading. However, high costs and complicated technical requirements, particularly for full-scale structures, are still huge disadvantages to conduct such a series of tests. Hence, the finite element method is much needed to provide supplementary information to previous experiments and to enable further parametric studies without testing. This article presents a numerical investigation carried out to understand the behaviour of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) panels under severe blast loading. The authors designed a subroutine with eight numbers of solution-dependent state variables, 32 mechanical constants, integrated with the Abaqus program to analyze the dynamic behaviour of UHPFRC against multiple blast impacts, using the Johnson-Holmquist 2 damage model incorporating both the damage and residual strength of the material. The subroutine was validated by comparing the simulation results with test results. For the purpose of estimating the structural response of the UHPFRC panel subjected to blast loading, other studying scenarios were considered by varying input parameters, including the thickness of the panel, stand-off distance, and steel reinforcement bar volume. The variations in deflection, strain, and damage of the UHPFRC panel, as well as the steel reinforcement strain, were also evaluated. Through important obtained results, the UHPFRC panel is strongly recommended for a protective barrier installed in the vicinity of critical infrastructure against severe blast loading
Design And Analysis Of Two Wheeler Suspension Spring
Authors: N MohanKumar , D Kalaimegam , P Saravanan
Published: October 2020

In modern trends of the automobile industry, the ride comfort for drivers is the safety and suspension performance of a vehicle. In vehicles, vibration is one-factor causing damages to the base of the vehicle, wear and tear, etc. Vibration control is a major factor to satisfy customers. In this study, the suspension system in the vehicle is the main component to control the vibration. From the concept of suspension system in a vehicle, there are different approaches in the suspension system such as to modified design in suspension, the alternate system instead of the conventional method, Material changing, etc. In this work from suspension system, spring is playing an important component which withstands the load and cause for vibration. Analytical work is carried out with changing the material properties of the spring resulted that vibration has reduced in composite material. The existing material in suspension spring is steel alloy which withstands vibration to a certain limit beyond that it gets failed and breaks. To overcome such a problem in this work we propose new material based on MMC (Carbon Steel 50%, Copper 25%, and Magnesium 25%). By validating the analytical result in structurally by deformation, equivalent stress, and dynamically observed vibration, etc. Finally, the Comparative analysis has derived and concluded for the feasible material in spring manufacturing. Modeling work is done with SOLIDWORKS Software and analysis is carried out with ANSYS software which is best for FEM.
Application of 3D CAD in the Design of Inspection and Planning System of Intelligent Three-coordinate Measuring Machine
Authors: Guang Jin , Li Fan
Published: October 2020

Computer aided inspection planning based on CAD coordinate measuring machine is the basic key technology, which occupies a very important position in the quality system. Nowadays, the research of integration technology has made a lot of achievements, but the research on information integration of system and system lags far behind the information integration of machining. How to use the part information and measurement-related knowledge provided by the product model to automatically generate optimal testing procedures and testing instructions for use is the basic task of the oriented intelligent system. This paper aims at the development of intelligent CMM inspection planning system based on 3D, from the overall analysis and design of the system to the extraction of detection geometric information, sampling planning, detection path planning and automatic generation of quack measurement program and other related key technologies will be studied. This paper briefly analyzes the relevant factors that determine the number of sampling points and summarizes the point requirements for the distribution of sampling points, and in view of the shortcomings and limitations of various methods of sampling point distribution on the general surface, a sampling strategy with adaptive step size is proposed, which solves the problem of sampling planning on the general surface. In the specific implementation of sampling planning, it is divided into two ways: edge-based and face-based geometric element measurement and sampling. Considering the requirements of distribution points, specific sampling algorithms are designed respectively, focusing on the analysis of the differences between edges and faces.
Laudacja dla Andrzeja Wajdy
Authors: Popiel Jacek
Published: October 2020

During the laudation speech on 12th May 2016 at the Jagiellonian University Senate session on the occasion of Andrzej Wajda being awarded the gold medal Plus Ratio Quam Vis, the director’s most significant services to Polsh and world culture (film, theatre, museum art) were presented.
Pałuba w sieci porównań
Authors: Panek Sylwia
Published: October 2020

This is a review of Marcin Jauksz’s book Critique of 19th-century intellect. Sources and contexts in Karol Irzykowski's “Pałuba”; Universitas, Kraków 2015. The author contrasts Jauksz’s conclusions with those formulated years earlier by Jerzy Franczak when analysing Irzykowski’s novel in his book The quest for reality. The world view of Polish modernist prose (Poszukiwanie realności. Światopogląd polskiej prozy modernistycznej) (Universitas, Kraków 2007)
Archiwum Andrzeja Wajdy
Authors: Matysiak Mateusz
Published: October 2020

The author offers a concise description of the contents of the Andrzej Wajda Archive, which is located in the Manggha Museum of Japanese Art and Technology in Kraków. His enormous legacy comprises not just his film and theatre work, but the whole of the director's exceptionally colourful and intensive creative, political and social activity.
Śladem promieni Czarnego słońca Kurahary Koreyoshiego. Negrofilia w kinie japońskim
Authors: Bochniarz Marek , Sztafiej Przemysław
Published: October 2020

This article explores two films by Kurahara Koreyoshi: Black Sun and Safari 5000, in the context of the scholars John Russell and Jonathan D. Mackintosh’s approaches to racism and so-called negrophilia in Japanese mass-culture and cinema. The authors argue that cultural stereotypes even have a negative impact on the artistically original Japanese directors, who only seem to be independent and express their thoughts freely.
Najmniejsze miasta w Polsce w ujęciu koncepcji kontinuum miejsko-wiejskiego
Authors: Konecka-Szydłowska Barbara
Published: October 2020

Głównym celem opracowania jest określenie roli najmniejszych miast w układach regionalnych oraz zbadanie stopnia ich zróżnicowania na skali kontinuum miejsko-wiejskiego na podstawie wybranych wskaźników miejskości. Przedmiotem badań jest 16 najmniejszych miast, zlokalizowanych po jednym w każdym z województw. Zakres czasowy opracowania zasadniczo obejmuje rok 2015. Postępowanie badawcze służące realizacji głównego celu pracy składa się z kilku etapów. W etapie pierwszym omówiono w sposób syntetyczny podstawowe założenia teoretyczne koncepcji kontinuum miejsko-wiejskiego. W etapie drugim przeprowadzono ogólną charakterystykę najmniejszych miast w układach regionalnych. W zasadniczym, trzecim etapie pracy wykonano klasyfikację miast na skali kontinuum miejsko-wiejskiego na podstawie przyjętych wskaźników miejskości. W etapie czwartym zaprezentowano studium przypadku i opisano poziom miejskości najmniejszego i zarazem nowego miasta Kołaczyce. Klasyfikacja ośrodków na podstawie syntetycznego wskaźnika miejskości pozwala stwierdzić, że najmniejsze miasta w układach regionalnych wykazują niezbyt silne zróżnicowanie na skali kontinuum miejsko-wiejskiego i charakteryzują się przeciętnym natężeniem cech miejskich.
Opowieść o zdobyciu Konstantynopola przez uczestników czwartej wyprawy krzyżowej (6712/1204) w średniowiecznej ruskiej tradycji historiograficznej
Authors: Brzozowska Zofia A.
Published: October 2020

The Old-Russian account about the siege of Constantinople by participants of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 has survived in several East Slavic historiographical texts and represents primarily an independent literary work. Certainly, the earliest of these texts is the Novgorod First Chronicle. It is an older edition preserved only in one copy – the so-called “Synodal manuscript”, which was written in the middle of the thirteenth century. At that time the story was written. Its author could have taken information about the events he described directly from eyewitnesses. His account of events is characterized by objectivity and credibility and constitutes a valuable resource for the study of the Fourth Crusade
O pewnych wspólnych cechach IX-wiecznej ceramiki z obszaru północnej i południowej części obecnego Dolnego Śląska
Authors: Gruszka Bartłomiej , Pankiewicz Aleksandra
Published: October 2020

This article presents the results of comparative research into 9th century vessels discovered in numerous archaeological sites in Lower Silesia. The research was underpinned with petrographic analyses of ceramics representing a progressive trend in pottery. The reason why this issue is discussed is the occurrence of vessels with similar technological and stylistic attributes in both the south and the north of the region under scrutiny. The research leads to a conclusion that the common features shared by the ceramics artefacts may result from foreign influences in the north and the south of the region alike. However, numerous similarities in the final touches of the vessels indicate that in the first half of the 9th century (if not later), Silesian potters shared their experiences while the populations of the north and the south of the region and exchanged various artefacts including vessels. This exchange of experience in pottery production bore fruit in the form of stylistically and formally diverse vessels.
O znaczeniu Świny we wczesnym średniowieczu
Authors: Rębkowski Marian
Published: October 2020

The article contains an analysis of archaeological and historical sources related to the Świna, one of three straits constituting the mouth of the Oder to the Baltic. By referring to the sources, an attempt was made to evaluate the ways of taking advantage of the strait and its significance in the early Middle Ages.
Pragmatisierung der Syntax
Authors: Żebrowska Ewa
Published: October 2020

This article presents the role of modeling in linguistics. It is used to recognize regularities in the language. Special emphasis was put on the linguistic analysis universal model of Józef Darski. The author of the paper has successfully applied it to the study of morphology and syntax at the dialectal level.
WIZERUNEK MEDIALNY DONALDA TRUMPA WEDŁUG MODELI KOMUNIKACJI
Authors: Jankiewicz Adam
Published: October 2020

The article brings closer various ways in which the president of United States Donald Trump image is presented in mass media, especially in the world press. The positive as well as the negative Donald Trump’s image is created and communicated to their receivers in accordance with models of communication such as: the mathematical model of communication as a process by Shannon and Weaver (1949) and the interpersonal model of communication DRAAM (domain-resource-agent-access-management) created by Puppel (2004). The article concentrates on the management of information and creation of media messages using communicative resources in which way to achieve anticipated reaction of the receiver to the featured image.
ZNACZENIE JĘZYKA W KREOWANIU WIZERUNKU MIASTA
Authors: Koszko Marta
Published: October 2020

Cities are the main centres of social, cultural life and economic development. They have always attracted newcomers not only because of new opportunities but also because of the feeling of belonging and uniqueness which people need. The attractiveness of a particular urban centre mainly rests on its image, which is created in relation to its own unique identity. The language of the city, which is present in the public space in the form of the linguistic landscape and which reflects the socio-cultural composition of the city, creates the identity. Both socio-cultural composition of a city (hence the languages spoken in the public space) and the linguistic landscape can create an image of a city which is either open for an interaction or presents limited interactional potential.
Vzťah náboženstva a umenia v literatúre svetovej a slovenskej moderny
Authors: Bátorová Mária
Published: October 2020

The study analyzes the relation between religion and art in the world, and in Slovak modernist literature. It also examines religion and art from the point of view of its scholarly reception in the context of European literature. It builds on the division of artists of religious orientation based on Bernhard Rang’s two types:a) Claudelian and b) Green-ian. A part of the study provides new insights into Slovak literary modernism. Despite the expectation that modernism would exclude Christian works of literature, the opposite happened:modernism tested Christian works of art and emphasized their ability to capture the subtle aspects of human existence. In this way, a weakness of modernism was exposed: its degenerative function when it focuses only on material aspects. A historical overview has shown that Slovak intellectuals were used to living in an alternative cultural environment and nurturing an alternative culture. This experience proved useful to them in the 20th century, particularly after 1945. During communist rule, the underground church played a major role in Poland and in Slovakia. In Slovakia, Catholic dissidents were of great importance to the developments that led to theVelvet Revolution in November 1989.
You are not a doll, not a commodity! – Contemporary Ukrainian Advice Literature for Girls
Authors: Świetlicki Mateusz
Published: October 2020

The author of the article focuses on the stereotypical depiction of femininity in contemporary Ukrainian advice literature. By discussing norms and patterns of behavior present in Ukrainian advice literature for girls, he shows their role in the post-Soviet reemergence of patriarchal norms. The article focuses on five bookspublished in the last five years: A Real Lady. A Handbook for Girls (2012), A Book for a Young Lady (2014), A 100% Girl (2016), Encyclopedia for Girls (2016), and A Stylish Book for a Little Lady (2015).
Formal Structure of the Text – enquiry into the chapter, the title and the introduction in Julius Zeyer`s prose style.
Authors: Schacherl Martin
Published: October 2020

This paper analyses three aspects (the chapter, the title and the introduction ) of prose by Julius Zeyer, a Czech poet. My explicit goal is to seek a relation between the specific forms of the text’s horizontal arrangement and its narrative rhythm as deduced from a comprehensive approach to the author’s works. The analysis relies on a presumption that in fiction, even the horizontal arrangement of a specific literary work is submitted to the function of aesthetic communication.
Kobiety piszą po kaszubsku – autorki i tematy. Szkic interpretacyjny
Authors: Kuik-Kalinowska Adela
Published: October 2020

The article is dedicated to literature written by women in the Kashubian language. Notably, in Kashubian literature, recent decades have witnessed a revival in women’s writing, resulting in numerous literary works. There are several reasons for this, all determined predominantly by the cultural tradition of Kashubia. The revival in the literary world of female writers and poets most certainly results from numerous complex social and cultural processes, including the growing emancipation, the need for education and opening up to the world. Women writing in Kashubian express themselves in poetry, drama and prose. The works of women writing in Kashubian can be attributed to two stages originating in the 1980s. Among the first poets and writers were Rozalia Narloch (referred to as the “Kashubian Cinderella”), Teodora Kropidłowska, writing under the pseudonym “Deotyma” and Agnieszka Browarczyk. They were followed by the novels and plays by Anna Łajming. The most prominent female authors writing in Kashubian include Maria Boszke, Krystyna Muza, Jaromira Labuda, Ida Czaja, Hanna Makurat, Wanda Kiedrowska, Ewa Warmowska, Elżbieta Bugajna, Bożena Ugowska, Lucyna Sorn, Dorota Wilczewska and Gracjana Potrykus.
Spinoza’s Analysis of his Imagined Readers’ Axiology
Authors: Rumbold Benedict
Published: October 2020

Before presenting his own account of value in theEthics, Spinoza spends much ofEIAppendixandEIVPrefaceattempting to refute a series of axiological ‘prejudices’ that he takes to have taken root in the minds of his readership. In doing so, Spinoza adopts what might be termed a ‘genealogical’ argumentative strategy. That is, he tries to establish the falsity of imagined readership’s prejudices about good and bad, perfection and imperfection, by first showing that the ideas from which they have arisen are themselves false. Many elements of this genealogy, however, remain unclear. First, both the nature of the metaethical prejudices Spinoza believes we have been labouring under, and the metaphysical prejudices that he takes to have given rise to them, continue to attract widespread disagreement. Although much less commented on, it is also not entirely obvious why Spinoza takes the one to have engendered the other. In this article, I attempt to clarify Spinoza’s reasoning in both of these respects, ultimately concluding that Spinoza offers us two accounts of how this process has occurred, the first beginning from an anthropocentric doctrine of divine providence, the second from more secular, perhaps more purely Aristotelian metaphysical tradition.
Transfer of nitrogen by migratory birds in the African-Western Eurasian Flyways
Authors: Varriano Sofia , Mallon Julie M. , Folta Cody , Coulibaly Hawa , Krajcir Kevin J. , McClung Maureen R. , Fagan William F. , Moran Matthew D.
Published: October 2020

Migrating animals are known to play an important role in nutrient transfer over short distances; however, this phenomenon has not been well studied for long-distance migrants. In this preliminary study, we focused on nitrogen (N) transfer by 44 bird species that migrate from Eurasia to two regions in sub-Saharan Africa that fall into the lowest 10% quantile of global N-deposition (mean annual deposition ≤ 10.44 mg/m2/year). We estimated the number of birds that die during the non-breeding season in these areas and then used N content and species-specific mass values to calculate annual N-deposition rates. For these two areas of low N-deposition, we found that bird mortality contributed 0.2 – 1.1% of total nitrogen deposition, which is a relatively small proportion. Therefore, we conclude that nitrogen transfer by long-distance bird migrants using the East Atlantic Flyway and the West Asian-East African Flyway currently has limited impact on the sub-Saharan nitrogen cycle. However, it is worth noting that this impact may have been more important in the past due to larger bird populations and lower background N-deposition (i.e., less anthropogenic impact).
The Economic Impact of State Splitting in Brazil
Authors: Lima Ricardo Carvalho de Andrade
Published: October 2020

The Brazilian state of Tocantins was splinted from the state of Goiás in 1988. This was the most recent first-tier subnational border reform in Brazil and involved an area that corresponds to 7.6% of the whole national territory. Using the synthetic control method, this paper estimates that the split increased the per capita GDP of the affected region by an average of 8.26%, and the positive effect persisted over the years. Additionally, we show that the Tocantins benefited more from the border reform than Goiás, and the increase of fiscal capacity of affected subnational governments may partially explain the positive effects of splitting.
Thioredoxin-dependent control balances the metabolic activities of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis
Authors: Wittmann Daniel , Sinha Neha , Grimm Bernhard
Published: October 2020

Plastids are specialized organelles found in plants, which are endowed with their own genomes, and differ in many respects from the intracellular compartments of organisms belonging to other kingdoms of life. They differentiate into diverse, plant organ-specific variants, and are perhaps the most versatile organelles known. Chloroplasts are the green plastids in the leaves and stems of plants, whose primary function is photosynthesis. In response to environmental changes, chloroplasts use several mechanisms to coordinate their photosynthetic activities with nuclear gene expression and other metabolic pathways. Here, we focus on a redox-based regulatory network composed of thioredoxins (TRX) and TRX-like proteins. Among multiple redox-controlled metabolic activities in chloroplasts, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is particularly rich in TRX-dependent enzymes. This review summarizes the effects of plastid-localized reductants on several enzymes of this pathway, which have been shown to undergo dithiol-disulfide transitions. We describe the impact of TRX-dependent control on the activity, stability and interactions of these enzymes, and assess its contribution to the provision of adequate supplies of metabolic intermediates in the face of diurnal and more rapid and transient changes in light levels and other environmental factors.
Das Programm Deutsch ohne Grenzen in Brasilien: Chancen und Herausforderungen für die Ausbildung von Deutschlehrerinnen und Deutschlehrern
Authors: Mariano Thiago , Lorke Franziska
Published: October 2020

Das Programm

Auf Portugiesisch Alemão sem Fronteiras (AsF) als Teilprogramm von Idiomas sem Fronteiras (IsF).

Sprachen ohne Grenzen trägt durch das flächendeckende Angebot von Fremdsprachenkursen an brasilianischen Universitäten zu deren Internationalisierung bei. Die Deutschkurse werden dabei im Blended-Learning-Modus angeboten, d. h. das onlinegestützte Lernen wird durch Präsenzphasen ergänzt. Das Programm bietet auch Raum für erste Unterrichtserfahrungen der Germanistikstudierenden. Nach der Vorstellung des Programms sollen in dem vorliegenden Aufsatz erste Maßnahmen zur Deutschlehrerausbildung im Rahmen des Programms an der Bundesuniversität Paraná vorgestellt werden.
Exploiting higher-order mode dispersion of bend M-type chalcogenide fiber in mid-IR supercontinuum generation
Authors: Thamarai Selvi Thirumavalavan , Rajesh Kanna B.
Published: October 2020

We propose and numerically demonstrate chalcogenide based bend M-type fiber for mid-IR supercontinuum (SC) generation through higher order mode (HOM) of LP02. In order to achieve this, we comprise two glass materials such as As2Se3 in core and Ge10As23.4Se66.6 in cladding. M-type index fiber has a special property that the HOM of LP02 is confined into the core region with help of high index ring. The mode field distribution of the proposed fiber is numerically calculated by a finite element method. By optimizing structural dimensions in each bending case, we realize a zero dispersion wavelength, double zero dispersion wavelength effective area and power fraction in core. The simulation results shows the flat anomalous dispersion in the wavelength range of 2.1–2.6µm and 2.5–6.5µm for the core radius 4 and 10 µm, respectively at bending case of 1, 3, and 5 cm. which is important for employing the mature fiber laser technology at mid-IR regions.
High-speed and long-reach PON employing PM-DQPSK signal and coherent receiver
Authors: Qin Panke , Meng Hui , Zhang Lei , Chen Guangxuan
Published: October 2020

The development of communication technology requires a new type of passive optical network (PON) architecture. The architecture needs to be based on time division multiplexing (TDM) of 40 Gbit/s downstream and 10 Gbit/s upstream, and it can realize TDM PON prototype. The PON system achieved the system distance of 120 km supporting 128 ONU with power budget of 53.5 dB via polarization multiplexing differential quadrature phase shift keying format signal which employs the coherent receiver and the digital signal processing.
Assessing the L2 pragmatic awareness of non-native EFL teacher candidates: Is spotting a problem enough?
Authors: Glaser Karen
Published: October 2020

The assessment of pragmatic skills in a foreign or second language (L2) is usually investigated with regard to language learners, but rarely with regard to non-native language instructors, who are simultaneously teachers and (advanced) learners of the L2. With regard to English as the target language, this is a true research gap, as nonnative English-speaking teachers (non-NESTs) constitute the majority of English teachers world-wide (Kamhi-Stein 2016). Addressing this research gap, this paper presents a modified replication of Bardovi-Harlig and Dörnyei’s (1998) renowned study on grammatical vs. pragmatic awareness, carried out with non-NEST candidates. While the original study asked the participants for a global indication of (in)appropriateness/ (in)correctness and to rate its severity, the participants in the present study were asked to identify the nature of the violation and to suggest a repair. Inspired by Pfingsthorn and Flöck (2017), the data was analyzed by means of Signal Detection Theory with regard to Hits, Misses, False Alarms and Correct Rejections to gain more detailed insights into the participants’ metalinguistic perceptions. In addition, the study investigated the rate of successful repairs, showing that correct problem identification cannot necessarily be equated with adequate repair abilities. Implications for research, language teaching and language teacher education are derived.
Some inequalities for star duality of the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms
Authors: Zhao Xia , Wang Weidong , Lin Youjiang
Published: October 2020

In 2006, Schuster introduced the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms. In this article, associating with the star duality of star bodies and dual quermassintegrals, we establish Brunn-Minkowski inequalities and monotonic inequality for the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms. In addition, we consider its Shephard-type problems and give a positive form and a negative answer, respectively.
Motivation and Job Performance of Administrative Personnel in Agricultural Institutions
Authors: Adebayo Olaoluwa Ayodeji , Adeogun Stephen Oluseun , Umunna Mathias Ofonedu
Published: October 2020

Employees’ motivation and performance confirms a fundamental important measure in organizations. The desired goals and objectives of organizations cannot be achieved without the motivation of their employees. The study empirically determined the motivation factors influencing job performance. The results showed that fringe benefits, job supervision, and incentives significantly predicted higher job performance.
The Problems of the Assessment of Corporate Social Responsibility in the International Context
Authors: Skruibytė Izolda
Published: October 2020

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a social phenomenon is very dynamic, multidimensional and complex. The content of CSR constantly expands and covers more aspects and, therefore, its evaluation becomes more complicated also. The comparative analysis of different CSR assessment methods has been conducted in this article seeking to reveal the main problems when assessing CSR in an international context.
The Use of Cause-Related Marketing to Build Good Corporate Reputation
Authors: Šontaitė-Petkevičienė Miglė , Grigaliūnaitė Rūta
Published: October 2020

The scientific problem analysed in the article focuses on identifying how cause-related marketing needs to be used in order to build good corporate reputation. This article researches the reference between the use of cause-related marketing and stakeholders’ behaviour and its effect on building good corporate reputation.
Local attractivity for integro-differential equations with noncompact semigroups
Authors: Diop Amadou , Diop Mamadou Abdoul , Diallo Ouaténi , Traoré Mariam B
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we are devoted to study the existence and local attractivity of solutions for a class of integro-differential equations.Under the situation that the nonlinear term satisfy Carathéodory conditions and a noncompactness measure condition, we establish some existence and local attractivity of mild solutions by utilizing Mönch fixed point theorem, Kuratowski measure of noncompactness and resolvent operator theory in the sense of Grimmer.Our investigations will be situated in the Banach space of real functions which are defined, continuous, and bounded on the right-hand real half axis 𝕉+. Moreover an example is given to illustrate our outcomes.
Advances in ultrafast laser structuring of materials at the nanoscale
Authors: Stoian Razvan , Colombier Jean-Philippe
Published: October 2020

Laser processing implies the generation of a material function defined by the shape and the size of the induced structures, being a collective effect of topography, morphology, and structural arrangement. A fundamental dimensional limit in laser processing is set by optical diffraction. Many material functions are yet defined at the micron scale, and laser microprocessing has become a mainstream development trend. Consequently, laser microscale applications have evolved significantly and developed into an industrial grade technology. New opportunities will nevertheless emerge from accessing the nanoscale. Advances in ultrafast laser processing technologies can enable unprecedented resolutions and processed feature sizes, with the prospect to bypass optical and thermal limits. We will review here the mechanisms of laser processing on extreme scales and the optical and material concepts allowing us to confine the energy beyond the optical limits. We will discuss direct focusing approaches, where the use of nonlinear and near-field effects has demonstrated strong capabilities for light confinement. We will argue that the control of material hydrodynamic response is the key to achieve ultimate resolution in laser processing. A specific structuring process couples both optical and material effects, the process of self-organization. We will discuss the newest results in surface and volume self-organization, indicating the dynamic interplay between light and matter evolution. Micron-sized and nanosized features can be combined into novel architectures and arrangements. We equally underline a new dimensional domain in processing accessible now using laser radiation, the sub-100-nm feature size. Potential application fields will be indicated as the structuring sizes approach the effective mean free path of transport phenomena.
Hexagonal transverse-coupled-cavity VCSEL redefining the high-speed lasers
Authors: Heidari Elham , Dalir Hamed , Ahmed Moustafa , Sorger Volker J. , Chen Ray T.
Published: October 2020

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have emerged as a vital approach for realizing energy-efficient and high-speed optical interconnects in the data centers and supercomputers. Indeed, VCSELs are the most suitable mass production lasers in terms of cost-effectiveness and reliability. However, there are still key challenges that prevent achieving modulation speeds beyond 30s GHz. Here, we propose a novel VCSEL design of a hexagonal transverse-coupled-cavity adiabatically coupled through a central cavity. Following this scheme, we show a prototype demonstrating a 3-dB roll-off modulation bandwidth of 45 GHz, which is five times greater than a conventional VCSEL fabricated on the same epiwafer structure. This design harnesses the Vernier effect to increase the laser’s aperture and therefore is capable of maintaining single-mode operation of the laser for high injection currents, hence extending the dynamic roll-off point and offering increases power output. Simultaneously, extending both the laser modulation speed and output power for this heavily deployed class of lasers opens up new opportunities and fields of use ranging from data-comm to sensing, automotive, and photonic artificial intelligence systems.
Properties of nanocrystalline silicon probed by optomechanics
Authors: Navarro-Urrios Daniel , Colombano Martín F. , Maire Jeremie , Chávez-Ángel Emigdio , Arregui Guillermo , Capuj Néstor E. , Devos Arnaud , Griol Amadeu , Bellieres Laurent , Martínez Alejandro , Grigoras Kestutis , Häkkinen Teija , Saarilahti Jaakko , Makkonen Tapani , Sotomayor-Torres Clivia M. , Ahopelto Jouni
Published: October 2020

Nanocrystalline materials exhibit properties that can differ substantially from those of their single crystal counterparts. As such, they provide ways to enhance and optimize their functionality for devices and applications. Here, we report on the optical, mechanical and thermal properties of nanocrystalline silicon probed by means of optomechanical nanobeams to extract information of the dynamics of optical absorption, mechanical losses, heat generation and dissipation. The optomechanical nanobeams are fabricated using nanocrystalline films prepared by annealing amorphous silicon layers at different temperatures. The resulting crystallite sizes and the stress in the films can be controlled by the annealing temperature and time and, consequently, the properties of the films can be tuned relatively freely, as demonstrated here by means of electron microscopy and Raman scattering. We show that the nanocrystallite size and the volume fraction of the grain boundaries play a key role in the dissipation rates through nonlinear optical and thermal processes. Promising optical (13,000) and mechanical (1700) quality factors were found in the optomechanical cavity realized in the nanocrystalline Si resulting from annealing at 950°C. The enhanced absorption and recombination rates via the intragap states and the reduced thermal conductivity boost the potential to exploit these nonlinear effects in applications including Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), phonon lasing and chaos-based devices.
Between Land and Sea: An Airborne LiDAR Field Survey to Detect Ancient Sites in the Chekka Region/Lebanon Using Spatial Analyses
Authors: Rom Jakob , Haas Florian , Stark Manuel , Dremel Fabian , Becht Michael , Kopetzky Karin , Schwall Christoph , Wimmer Michael , Pfeifer Norbert , Mardini Mahmoud , Genz Hermann
Published: October 2020

The interdisciplinary project “Between Land and Sea” combines geological, geomorphological and paleo-environmental approaches to identify archaeological remains of the Chekka region (Lebanon). In order to record the topography of this area, the first ever scientific airborne LiDAR data acquisition in Lebanon was conducted in autumn 2018. This work describes not only the acquisition and processing of the LiDAR data, but also the attempt to derive possible archaeological sites from the generated elevation model based on methods for spatial analysis. Using an “inverted mound” (iMound) algorithm, areas of possible settlement structures could be identified, which were classified regarding their probability of a possible ancient site using a deductive predictive model. A preliminary validation of some of the detected favoured areas using high-resolution aerial images has shown that the methods applied can provide hints to previously undiscovered sites. It was possible to identify probable ancient wall remains at several detected locations. In addition, least-cost path analyses were performed to reconstruct possible trade and transport routes from the Lebanon Mountains to the Mediterranean coast. The combination of the results of the iMound detection and classification as well as the calculated path system could point to the strategic location of the modern village of Kfar Hazir as a kind of traffic junction. Moreover, reconstructed main transport routes provide indications of heavily frequented roads and may form the basis for further investigations. To validate the results, upcoming field surveys will be realized on site.
Depression among patients admitted to medical wards: comparison between a university hospital and regional hospital
Authors: Hantrakul Wipawee , Wangsomboonsiri Wittaya , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn
Published: October 2020

Objective: We aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and to find factors associated with depression in admitted medical patients. The differences in the pattern of depression between a university hospital (UH) and a regional hospital (RH) were determined as well.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was administered among hospitalized patients in medical wards. PHQ-9 could not differentiate between the type of depressive disorder that could be from medical conditions, adjustment disorder with depressed mood, major depressive disorder, or dysthymia.

Results: A total of 343 patients (191 in UH, 152 in RH group) with age of 52.1 ± 16.9 years were included. Timing of interview was 4.3 ± 1.4 days after admission. The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 9) was 12% (7.3% in UH vs 17.8% in RH, p < 0.005). According to PHQ-9 scoring, the prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression was 3.8%. Mean PHQ-9 score in RH was significantly higher than in UH (p < 0.001). Multiple baseline characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression and found no factors associated with depression. There was no difference in baseline characteristics of UH patients with depression compared to RH, except for universal health coverage plan.

Conclusions: The prevalence of depression was 1 in 10 patients and was found to be more frequent and severe in RH than UH. All patients were at equal risk to develop depression during admission.
Folate-targeted PTEN/AKT/P53 signaling pathway promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Hexian , Fan Qiang , Zhang Longlong , Shi Danli , Wang Haibo , Wang Shoulian , Bian Bangjian
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveFolate deficiency is closely related to the occurrence of human tumors and plays an important role in cell growth, differentiation, repair, and host defense. We studied the effects of folic acid on the apoptosis of breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and on the activity of the PTEN/AKT/P53 signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.

MethodsBreast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) were treated with folate alone or in combination with a PTEN specific inhibitor, SF1670. Cell viability was detected by a MTT assay, and the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins and PTEN/AKT/P53 signaling pathway were detected via Western blot analysis. Rate of apoptosis was measured via cytometry.

ResultsFolic acid inhibited the cell viability of MDAMB-231 cells and the expressions of Bcl-2 and p-AKT proteins and upregulate the expression of Bax, PTEN, and P53 proteins, thereby inducing apoptosis in these cells. SF1670 treatment inhibited the expressions of Bcl-2 and p-AKT protein and upregulate Bax, PTEN, and P53 protein expression.

ConclusionFolic acid has cytotoxic effects on MDAMB-231 cells and can induce apoptosis by targeting the PTEN/AKT/P53 signaling pathway.
Electrospinning: A promising technique for drug delivery systems
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Carlos A.
Published: October 2020

In the last years, electrospinning has become a technique of intense research to design and fabricate drug delivery systems (DDS), during this time a vast variety of DDS with mainly electrospun polymers and many different active ingredient(s) have been developed, many intrinsic and extrinsic factor have influence in the final system, there are those that can be attributed to the equipment set up and that to the physical-chemical properties of the used materials in the fabrication of DDS. After all, this intense research has generated a great amount of DDS loaded with one or more drugs. In this manuscript a review with the highlights of different kind of systems for drug delivery systems is presented, it includes the basic concepts of electrospinning, types of equipment set up, polymer/drug systems, limitations and challenges that need to be overcome for clinical applications.
Discovery of a possible role of asprosin in ovarian follicular function
Authors: Maylem Excel Rio S , Spicer Leon J , Batalha Isadora , Schutz Luis F
Published: October 2020

Asprosin is a novel fasting-induced protein encoded by fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene, produced when FBN1 is cleaved by the enzyme furin, and is associated with insulin resistance and polycystic ovarian syndrome in humans. To characterize mRNA abundance of FBN1, FURIN, and the presumed asprosin receptor, olfactory receptor family 4 subfamily M member 1 (OR4M1) in granulosa (GC) and theca cells (TC), and identify hormones regulating FBN1 mRNA expression, GC and TC from small (1–5 mm; SM) and large (>8 mm; LG) follicles were collected from ovaries of heifers obtained at an abattoir and used for real-time PCR gene expression analysis or in vitro evaluation of hormone regulation and asprosin effects. SMTC had 151-fold greater (P < 0.05) FBN1 mRNA abundance than SMGC, and LGTC had 50-fold greater FBN1 mRNA than LGGC. In contrast, OR4M1 mRNA was 81-fold greater in SMGC than LGGC and did not differ from SMTC, but LGTC had 9-fold greater OR4M1 mRNA than LGGC. FURIN mRNA was 2.6-fold greater in SMTC than SMGC, but did not differ among follicular sizes. In cultured TC, leptin, insulin, LH, IGF1 and steroids did not affect FBN1 mRNA, but TGFB1 increased (P < 0.05) FBN1 mRNA by 2.2-fold; EGF and FGFs increased FBN1 mRNA by 1.3- to 1.5-fold. Asprosin enhanced LH-induced TC androstenedione production, reduced IGF1-induced TC proliferation, and had no effect on progesterone production. Developmental regulation of FBN1, FURIN and OR4M1 along with direct effects of asprosin on TC suggests that asprosin may be a novel regulator of ovarian follicular function.
HYPOXIA AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: The role of hypoxia in the development and progression of endometriosis
Authors: Li Wan-Ning , Wu Meng-Hsing , Tsai Shaw-Jenq
Published: October 2020

Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease that affects about 10% of women of reproductive age. Patients with endometriosis suffer from long-term coexistence with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and even infertility, which severely reduces quality of life. So far, surgical removal and hormonal medication are the major treatment options; however, high recurrence and severe adverse effects hamper the therapeutic efficacy. Hypoxia is an inevitable cellular stress in many diseases that regulates the expression of a significant subset of genes involved in pathophysiological processes. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that hypoxia plays critical role in controlling the disease phenotypes of endometriosis, such as increasing adhesion ability, causing dysregulation of estrogen biosynthesis, aberrant production of proinflammatory cytokines, increasing angiogenic ability, and suppression of immune functions. In this review, we summarize the findings of the most recent studies in exploring the underlying mechanisms of hypoxia involved in endometriosis. Potential therapeutic options for targeting HIF and downstream effectors will also be discussed.