bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust Catheter Tracking by Fusing Electromagnetic Tracking, Fiber Bragg Grating and Sparse Fluoroscopic Images
Authors: Ha Xuan Thao , Ourak Mouloud , Al-Ahmad Omar , Wu Di , Borghesan Gianni , Menciassi Arianna , Vander Poorten Emmanuel
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we propose a novel method to improve the shape sensing
accuracy of FBG for catheter by fusing FBG-based sensed shape with sparse fluoroscopic
images. The main advantage of the new proposed method compared to other methods
are the limited number in fluoroscopic image used during procedure while it
still maintains high precision real-time 3D visualization of the catheter. To
demonstrate the performance of the proposed method 2D and 3D dynamic
experiments were carried out and they shows
promising results. For a catheter with an embedded fiber length of 170 mm, the
proposed approach can reconstruct the 3D shape with a median root mean square
error of 0.54 mm were seen in the 3D experiments compared to the traditional
approach of using FBG alone of 0.86 mm.
The Ragged Edge of Rugged Individualism: Wage Theft and the Personalization of Social Harm
Authors: Fritz-Mauer Matthew
Published: May 2021

Every year, millions of low-wage workers suffer wage theft when their employers refuse to pay them what they have earned. Wage theft is both prevalent and highly impactful. It costs individuals thousands each year in unpaid earnings, siphons tens of billions of dollars from low-income communities, depletes the government of necessary resources, distorts the competitive labor market, and causes significant personal harm to its victims. In recent years, states and cities have passed new laws to attack the problem. These legal changes are important. They are also, broadly speaking, failing the people they are supposed to protect.

This Article fills a significant gap in the literature by detailing the full scope of damage caused by wage theft and by critically examining the dominant approach to combatting it. Drawing on existing research and nearly 60 in-depth interviews about wage theft in the District of Columbia, this Article paints a thorough picture of wage theft’s harms, explores why and how existing reforms are failing, and explains what must be done instead.

Enforcement schemes reflect the current view that wage theft is a personal harm properly addressed on a case-by-case basis in the civil justice system. As a result, reforms—both as written and implemented—generally attempt to empower and incentivize individuals to action. These approaches are failing. They misunderstand what wage theft is, how it plays out, and how it must be addressed. Wage theft is not an individual problem, but a social harm, and it therefore requires a broad, public response. Because low-wage workers live economically precarious lives and are so dependent on their jobs to survive, they almost never take formal legal action over violations of their rights. Government bodies cannot continue to rely on workers themselves to enforce their rights, but must take on a new role as robust, active, and strategic enforcers. Unless and until they do, millions of people will continue to suffer violations of their basic workplace rights with no meaningful recourse.
The Rental Crisis Will Not Be Televised: The Case for Protecting Tenants Under Consumer Protection Regimes
Authors: Sirota Eric
Published: May 2021

The Foreclosure Crisis of the 2000s has likely hurt renters more than homeowners. Incongruously, however, consumer enforcement agencies have been far more zealous in protecting mortgagors than tenants. This Article explores the under-protection of tenants as a class of consumers, particularly in a “commoditized” rental market, and examines how consumer enforcement agencies can more zealously incorporate tenant-protection into their mandates.

Much of the prior literature on the legal protections afforded tenants was published in the wake of the consumer rights revolution of the 1970s. This Article is the first to carefully reexamine, in the context of the modern rental market, whether tenants should be protected as consumers and whether tenants have truly reaped the benefits of consumer gains over the last half-century. The Article analyzes original interviews with state consumer protection agencies, engages in the first broad survey of state and federal tenant protection enforcement actions, and provides a new review of the caselaw addressing whether tenants are covered by consumer protection regimes.

Concluding that achieving systemic change through broad-scale policing of the rental industry is both vital and often overlooked, the Article proposes specific reforms that consumer protection agencies can adopt to better protect tenants.
Investigating the barriers to laser scanning implementation in building refurbishment
Authors: Uotila Ulrika , Saari Arto , Junnonen Juha-Matti
Published: May 2021

The use of the laser scanning technique has increased rapidly in the field of built environment, mainly because it produces highly accurate as-built data. However, the full potential of this technique is utilised only limitedly in building refurbishment projects. This research aims to investigate the barriers to the implementation of laser scanning in building refurbishment projects in Finland. Qualitative interviews were carried out to identify these barriers, and furthermore, to explore the current usage of the technique in building refurbishments. The study shows that many obstacles to implementations are related to challenges in laser scanning procurement, including a low level of competence in acquisition, limitations of the laser scanning technique in building refurbishments, and limitations and challenges in utilising the data in design work. This study is beneficial for building owners and practitioners as it presents the challenges and advantages that laser scanning can provide a refurbishment project. In addition, it offers suggestions to improve the early phase of a refurbishment project in order to achieve greater benefits with laser scanning. Furthermore, the findings may be utilised in the procurement process of laser scanning services in such projects, and the results may potentially solve practical challenges encountered in laser scanning work.
ПРОДВИЖЕНИЕ РОССИИ НА КАВКАЗ. ВОССТАНИЕ ГОРЦЕВ ПОД ПРЕДВОДИТЕЛЬСТВОМ ШЕЙХА МАНСУРА
Authors: Хатуев И.З. , Сугаипова А.М.
Published: May 2021

В статье рассматривается история военного продвижения России на Северном Кавказе. Раскрываются причины восстания Шейха Мансура, исследуется социальный и этнический состав восставших. Показаны примеры совместной борьбы кавказских народов против экспансии царизма.
A negyedik ipari forradalom digitális újításai : Állapotfigyelő-karbantartó rendszerek hatása a termelékenységre
Authors: Gyüre Ferenc
Published: May 2021

A negyedik ipari forradalom és a digitalizáció komoly mértékű versenyképesség növekedést jelent a vállalkozások számára. A digitalizáció minden területre kihat, így nincs ez másképpen sem a karbantartásra sem, ahol új fajta karbantartás-rendszere, állapotfigyelő-szolgáltatások jelentek meg a digitalizáció hatására, melynek eredményeképpen drasztikus karbantartási megtakarítások, álló idő csökkenések, raktározási kiadások csökkenése várható, és jelentős termelékenység növekedés várható. Az új rendszer új stratégiai irányokat is felvet, melyre a közeljövőben a vállalkozási menedzsmentnek fel kell készülnie, és megfelelő módon kell implementálni a cég működésébe. Sajnos nagyon kevés adat és információ áll még rendelkezésre ennek az új rendszernek a működéséről, azonban az a kevés, ami fellelhető igen kecsegető eredményekkel, és bizakodásra okot adó körülményeket vázol fel.
Проєктування гравітаційно-коловоротних гес для малих річок Прикарпаття
Authors: Ващишак І. Р.
Published: May 2021

Розглянуто ефективність використання малої гідроенергетики у світі та перспективи її розвитку в Україні. Зазначено, що гідропотенціал великої частини річок Прикарпаття через незначні напори вздовж їх русел для виробництва електроенергії використовують рідко. Для генерації електроенергії малими річками Прикарпаття пропонуємо застосувати гравітаційно-коловоротну ГЕС, яка працює за допомогою водяного виру. Така ГЕС може генерувати електроенергію значної потужності на ділянках річки з незначними напорами. Перевагами гравітаційно-коловоротних ГЕС також є їх мінімальний вплив на живі організми річки через низьку частоту обертів турбін і відсутність замерзання води взимку. Обґрунтовано вибір оптимального способу розміщення гідротурбіни у вирі гравітаційно-коловоротної ГЕС, шляхом встановлення колеса гідротурбіни в нижній частині виру. Електрогенератор і редуктор розміщуються на зовнішній поверхні ГЕС і з'єднуються з гідротурбіною за допомогою валу. Перевагою цього способу встановлення гідротурбіни є те, що вона практично не впливає на формування виру. За таких умов вся енергія виру використовується для обертання гідротурбіни, бо практично весь об'єм води контактує з її лопатками. Запропонований спосіб дає змогу зменшити до мінімуму розміри робочого колеса гідротурбіни та отримати високий ККД. Наведено методику розрахунку гідравлічних характеристик гравітаційно-коловоротної ГЕС для отримання електричних (потужність, частота) параметрів її генератора відповідно до заданих витрати та напору водяного потоку ділянки річки. Наведено умови для утворення виру. Для зменшення негативного впливу на стік річки запропоновано використовувати для роботи малої ГЕС не більше 25 % її середнього багаторічного стоку. За наведеною методикою розраховано каскад з 5-ти малих ГЕС для ділянки річки Бистриця Надвірнянська (м. Івано-Франківськ). Розраховано ступінь редукції редукторів для генераторів ГЕС. Місця для встановлення ГЕС вибирали з найбільшим перепадом висот вздовж русла річки та в місцях зливання русла з меншими річками. Довжина ділянки ріки для розміщення цих ГЕС становить 6 км. Підібрано гідротурбіни з генераторами та системами автоматики для використання їх у складі розрахованих малих гравітаційно-коловоротних ГЕС. Об'єднання гравітаційно-коловоротних ГЕС у загальну енергетичну систему дасть змогу отримати значну електричну генерацію з ділянок річок, гідроенергетичний потенціал яких раніше не використовувався.
Pentingnya Sosialisasi Perpajakan untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Pajak UMKM (Studi Kasus pada UD Big Bins Coffee)
Authors: Rahmawati Nur Alifa , Dwianika Agustine
Published: May 2021

Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) pada UMKM berpotensi memiliki persentase peningkatan yang sangat besar dikarenakan semakin meningkatnya jumlah UMKM saat ini. Upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah, yaitu dengan menerbitkan tarif pajak khusus bagi UMKM yang dicantumkan dalam PP No.23 Tahun 2018 dengan tarif sebesar 0,5%. Tujuan dibuatnya jurnal ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan tentang kurangnya sosialisasi perpajakan yang di khususkan untuk pemahaman pajak UMKM pada Usaha Dagang Big Bins Coffee, dan setiap tahunnya UMKM tersebut membayar pajak menggunakan NPWP pribadi. Dalam pembuatan jurnal ini, peneliti menggunakan metode kuantitatif atau melakukan wawancara dengan pemilik UD tersebut secara langsung untuk mengumpulkan data primer. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah UD Big Bins yang tidak paham akan adanya pajak UMKM dan kurangnya sosialisasi pada Usaha Dagang Big Bins tersebut.
DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN KAWASAN DESTINASI WISATA BENDUNGAN KARANGKATES BAGI MASYARAKAT DESA KARANGKATES KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Sugiharto Mochamad Aan
Published: May 2021

Penelitian Dampak Pembangunan Kawasan Destinasi Wisata Bendungan Sutami di Desa Krangkates Kecamatan Sumberpucung Kabupaten Malang ini bertujuan untuk melihat bentuk-bentuk perubahan sosial dan bagaimana perubahan sosial terjadi pada masyarakat Desa Karangkates setelah dibangunnya Bendungan Sutami dan menjadi kawasan destinasi wisata. Untuk itu, subjek penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah warga masyarakat Desa Karangkates yang telah tinggal sebelum Bendungan Sutami dibangun, juga warga Desa Karangkates yang menjadi pedagang maupun yang memanfaatkan Bendungan Sutami sebagai destinasi wisata. Untuk mendapatkan data yang diperlukan, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yaitu dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur termasuk mendapatkan informasi dari data monografi desa. data monografi desa diperlukan untuk melihat informasi terkait masyarakat Desa Karangkates secara periodik termasuk data pekerjaan masyarakat Desa karangkates sebelum dan sesudah pembangunan bendungan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat sekitar memanfaatkan bendungan sebagai jalan alternatif, sumber air bersih dan sumber energi. Lebih jauh, bendungan yang telah dijadikan sebagai destinasi wisata memberikan mata pencaharian baru bagi masyarakat sekitar, sehingga perekonomian masyarakat yang sebelumnya hanya bergantung pada sektor pertanian menjadi semakin beragam.
OUTCOME OF PRIMARY REPAIR OF VESICOVAGINAL FISTULA (VVF)
Authors: Muhammed khalid  , Muhammad Hammad Hassan  , Muhammad Asif  , Qadeer Ahmad Tariq
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE:  Vesicovaginal fistula is one of the common gynecological problems faced by ladies in developing countries on account of certain significant lacunas in the healthcare delivery system and lack of awareness. The purpose of this study is to highlight our experience of primary vesicovaginal fistula repair.

METHODOLOGY: It is a cross-sectional experimental study from February 2019 to February 2020. Nineteen consecutive patients having vesicovaginal fistulas up to 3 cm in size, single in number were included in the study while those having fistulas more than 3 cm, involving urethra, bladder neck, and ureteric orifice were excluded. After a detailed history, physical examination, laboratory workup, and cystoscopic examination under anesthesia, the fistulas were repaired. All information was noted on the pre-planned questionnaire for this purpose.

RESULTS: There are around 63% of patients having fistula infratrigonal and the rest percentage on the supratrigonal area of the urinary bladder. The risk factor found hysterectomy in 32% of patients, unsupervised home delivery in 16% of patients, C-Section in 12% of patients, delivery by an untrained person in 26% of patients, induced miscarriages in 5% of patients, and other risk factors found in 12% patients. The 68% of patients managed through transabdominal and the rest 32% patients operated through the transvaginal approach. The surgery, either transabdominal or transvaginal, was successfully done in 84% of patients and failed in the rest of 16% of patients.

CONCLUSION: Fistulas due to obstetric trauma were mostly preventable. The success of surgical repair was due to health professionals' expertise, the suitable decision about approach, method of repair, proper preoperative evaluation, and careful postoperative management.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Madrasah Melalui Pelatihan Partisipatif Secara Daring Berbasis Heuristik
Authors: Prawira Yudha Andana , Nugraha Firman
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini berangkat dari masih rendahnya kompetensi pedagogik guru madrasah di Jawa Barat. Tujuannya untuk melihat makna pelatihan partispatif daring sebagai upaya peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru. Pelatihan secara daring selain dipandang efektif, juga dianggap tepat dimasa pandemi. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif analitik terhadap satu kelas pelatihan daring yang dilaksanakan di Balai Diklat Keagamaan bandung tahun 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbaikan hasil pelatihan berupa kompetensi pedagogik oleh peserta pelatihan berdasarkan perbedaan hasil pretes dan postes. Penelitian ini juga menemukan adanya peran motivasi peserta dalam proses pelatihan yang berkontribusi terhadap capaian hasil pelatihan tersebut. Sehingga, penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pelatihan daring partisipatif bermakna sebagai upaya perbaikan kompetensi pedagogik guru, terutama masa pandemi.
Media Pembelajaran Audio Video Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa
Authors: Harefa Darmawan , La'ia Hestu Tansil
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran audio video terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi eksperiment Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP di desa Hiliganowo  yang berjumlah 23 orang. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t-test sampel related untuk menguji hipotesis. Penelitian menunjukkan dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran audio video siswa lebih tertarik dan mudah memahami materi yang disampaikan, kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa baik. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh thitung > ttabel (4,516 > 1,721). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran audio video mempengaruhi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa.
An Assessment Of Instructional Module In Basic And Higher Educational Institutions In Zambales: Plagiarism Issues
Authors: Mobo Froilan D , Rahmat Abdul
Published: May 2021

During the full Implementation of flexible learning in both basic and higher education, the majority of the schools opted to choose to use a modular approach rather than online learning. There are a lot of struggles encountered by both teachers and students. Part of the Struggle is the development of modular instructional materials. There are teachers that accidentally didn’t cite credible sources which reflected in their modules. Book Authors also suffered from copywriting and plagiarism issues because there are teachers that don’t know how to cite or give credit to the authors of the book or in some published research. This study will help both teachers and administrators of both basic and higher education on how to formalize a standard method on how to cite credible sources just like in a refereed research journal.
Implementasi Metode Mind Mapping Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Aspek Writing Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Luawo Yulyanti Abdullah
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran bahasa inggirs aspek writing melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Mind Mapping pada siswa. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia yang berjumlah 25 orang yang terdiri dari 9 siswa laki – laki dan 16 siswa perempuan. Penelitian dilaksanakan 2 siklus. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar, lembar pengamatan observasi guru dan pengamatan aktivitas siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa terjadi peningkatan
hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran bahasa inggirs aspek writing di kelas VII B SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Mind Mapping. Hasil tes pada silkus I, terdapat 16 siswa yang sudah tuntas hasil belajarnya (64%) dan yang tuntas belajar 9 siswa (36%). Kategori ketuntasan belajar siswa pada pembelajaran secara klasikal adalah jika mencapai 80% sehingga ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal pada siklus I belum tercapai. Pada siklus II siswa tidak tuntas belajarnya adalah 3 siswa (12%) dari 25 siswa dan yang tuntas belajarnya adalah 22 siswa (88%). Hal ini berarti ketuntasan klsikal sudah
tercapai Dengan demikian, penerapan metode pembelajaran mind mapping sangat efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran bahasa inggirs aspek writing
Penerapan Metode Problem Based Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Dan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Kaharu Fatrah
Published: May 2021

Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1) Penerapan metode
pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa
dalam pembelajaran IPS dikelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia. Hal tersebut
dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan rata-rata persentase indikator minat belajar
siswa setiap siklusnya. Pada siklus I rata-rata persentase indikator minat belajar
siswa adalah 61%. Pada siklus II menjadi 80% atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 19%. Hal ini berarti bahwa rata-rata persentase indikator minat belajar siswa telah melampaui kriteria keberhasilan tindakan yang ditetapkan yaitu 75%. 2) Penerapan metode pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan persentase siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM pada siklus I sebesar 61,90% meningkat menjadi 82% pada siklus II. Hal ini berarti bahwa jumlah siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM (70) telah melampaui kriteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan yaitu 75%.
Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Psikologis terhadap Keputusan Konsumen untuk Membeli Berita Tribun Manado di Kota Manado
Authors: Nurgianto Budi , Worang Fredrik G. , Lumanauw Bode
Published: May 2021

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode
Regresi Linier Berganda untuk menjelaskan hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung
serta faktor psikologis secara simultan dan parsial dari variabel Motivasi, Persepsi,
Pembelajaran, Keyakinan, dan Sikap Terhadap Keputusan Konsumen untuk
membeli Tribun Manado. koran di Kota Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Objek penelitian
yang dipilih adalah Koran Harian Tribun Manado dengan jumlah sampel 120
responden. Teknik analisis data dengan bantuan software SPSS v.22.0 untuk
Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi (X1) berpengaruh
terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y). Persepsi (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap
Keputusan Pembelian (Y), Pembelajaran (X3) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap
Keputusan Pembelian (Y), Keyakinan (X4) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap
Keputusan Pembelian (Y)), dan Sikap (X5) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan
terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y). Secara simultan semua variabel X berpengaruh
signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y).
Pengaruh Kualitas Informasi, Kualitas Sistem Dan Regulasi Pemerintah Terhadap Implementasi E-Procurement Pada Kantor Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kota Bitung
Authors: Sompotan Rizal M. R. , Mandey Silvya L. , Saerang Ivonne S.
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kota Bitung dan
Waktu peneltian bulan Desember 2020 – Maret 2021. Jenis penelitian adalah
penelitian kuantitatif yang menguji hipotesa yang berupa hubungan atau pengaruh
antar variabel. Di dalam penelitian ini pengaruh kualitas informasi, kualitas system
dan regulasi pemerinah sebagai variabel independen dan implementasi eprocurement sebagai variable dependen. Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kota Bitung.
Variabel penelitian terdiri atas variabel independen yakni kualitas informasi
kualitas sistem, regulasi pemerintah dan variable dependen yakni implementasi eprocurement yang berhubungan dengan kemanfaatan eprocurement bagi penyedia
jasa demi memujudkan tranparansi dan akuntabilitas pengadaan barang dan jasa di
Kota Bitung. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kualitas
informasi dengan e-procurement dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara
kualitas sistem dengan e– procurement.
NT 42 DIEST - Dez Anos de Recrutamento na Magistratura Trabalhista Brasileira (2007-2016)
Authors: Fontainha Fernando de Castro , Cunha Alexandre dos Santos , Cardoso Jaqueline de Jesus
Published: May 2021

No bojo da pesquisa Seleção e recrutamento de magistrados e acesso à Justiça do Trabalho (Ipea Projetos no 141/2018), um trabalho inicial consiste na análise descritiva da maneira como os magistrados trabalhistas vinham sendo selecionados no Brasil antes da unificação/nacionalização do recrutamento neste âmbito, ocorrida em 2017. Para tanto, tomamos como base empírica os editais de abertura de concursos para o cargo de juiz substituto do Trabalho, ocorridos nos dez anos que antecedem o concurso nacional. Assim, nosso corpo de análise são os 75 editais de concursos para o cargo de juiz substituto do Trabalho, no período de 2007 a 2016, realizados pelos 24 Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho (TRTs) distribuídos pelo país, com exceção do 7o, 10o, 13o, 17o e 19o tribunais, que não realizaram concursos para o referido cargo no período analisado. Nossa metodologia se baseia em pesquisa anterior realizada com escopo muito similar, nos exatos termos

O foco desta pesquisa são os editais. Nosso objetivo é tomá-los como projetos das instituições. (...) Nosso propósito é o de estudar editais enquanto projetos para a organização dos certames. O que pretendemos é recolocá-los numa abordagem política, ou seja, compreender as finalidades explicitadas pelos editais. Eles apresentam as políticas de recrutamento e seleção. Por isto, estes editais expressam uma ideologia. (...) Ao contrário do que se pode supor, os editais não expressam uma vontade, mas uma ideologia que legitima os funcionários públicos e orienta os “concurseiros”. Entendê-los em termos políticos permite compreender a complexa ligação entre as instituições e as entidades organizadoras com os candidatos e o mercado de cursinhos. Esses diferentes atores adquirem identidades públicas em função da organização do certame. (...) Tomar os editais como expressão de uma ideologia não diminui sua importância. Ao revés, alça a reflexão sobre eles como uma parte integrante dos múltiplos projetos institucionais, ou seja, como desejamos construir e orientar as instituições do Estado. Explicitar esta ideologia através dos editais nos permite conhecer os fundamentos deste projeto institucional de formar os quadros do Estado. Refletir sobre isto abre possibilidades de se pensar alternativas para orientar pragmaticamente as funções deste Estado. Deste modo, decidimos analisar os elementos dos editais de forma a compreendê-los globalmente. Nosso objetivo é entender o que estes diferentes projetos institucionais podem nos apreender sobre a organização do certame. Por este motivo, os gráficos expressam sempre os elementos constantes dos editais. As mudanças durante o período selecionado (2000-2010) refletem um padrão, isto é, uma ideologia que produz esta organização dos certames. Assim, procuraremos demonstrar através dos diferentes gráficos o quanto esta ideologia está presente na forma de se constituírem estes projetos institucionais (Fontainha et al., 2014, p. 47-48)1.
NT DINTE 28 - Panorama das Medidas Não Tarifárias do Mercosul e União Europeia: Uma Análise Comparativa
Authors: Martins Michelle Marcia Viana , Burnquist Heloisa Lee
Published: May 2021

Em 2019, foram concluídas as negociações de natureza comercial do tratado de livre comércio entre os países-membro dos blocos do Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) e da União Europeia (UE), cujo objetivo é constituir a maior área de livre comércio do mundo por meio da liberalização comercial. Ainda que não tenha sido ratificada pelos congressos nacionais dos países do Mercosul e pelo Parlamento Europeu, a convenção iniciada em 1995, com a assinatura do Acordo- -Quadro de Cooperação Inter-regional Mercosul-União Europeia, estabeleceu os interesses acordados entre os blocos, pautado basicamente pela eliminação de barreiras protecionistas no comércio de mercadorias.
CAUSAL MAPPING TO EXPLORE EMERGENCE OF CONSTRUCTION DISPUTES
Authors: Tanriverdi Cenk , Atasoy Guzide , Dikmen Irem , Birgonul M. Talat
Published: May 2021

Disputes, frequently encountered in construction projects, can substantially affect project success, necessitating a clear understanding of how and why disputes occur. Previous studies on disputes mostly yielded exhaustive lists or hierarchies of possible causes of disputes, which can hardly be used to understand how these causes come together to form a dispute. To address this gap, this study provides an alternative approach to understand the underlying causes of disputes, and their relationship within a specific context, using causal map analysis. This study is conducted using causal mapping approach to understand dispute emergence patterns in practice. Initially, a causal map of construction disputes is developed based on literature. The map is altered and verified through an expert workshop, considering projects contracted through FIDIC Yellow Book. The causal representation of the dispute emergence patterns highlights the importance of pre-construction studies, people factor, and contract terms. It is revealed that significant causes are either result of a chain of preceding factors or are triggers for further ones. This finding reinforces that the occurrence of disputes does not only depend on individual causes; rather, these causes combine with a series of other factors for a dispute to occur.
DETERMINING OPTIMAL MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SCENARIO BASED ON BEST-WORST METHOD
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Jia Xiaoping , Jin Haibo , Ma Lei , Xu Chunhua , Wei Huangzhao
Published: May 2021

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is one of the most important issues in urban environments, especially in developing countries. In this work, a comprehensive assessment framework for MSW management is proposed to evaluate and screen the optimal scenario. The best-worst method (BWM) is utilized to determine the optimal weight of each criterion for each disposal scenario. However, the original BWM model is difficult to be solved globally. A linear model is presented to solve the model and an interval model is employed to verify the optimality of the linear model. The results indicate that the results of the linear model and interval model are consistent. A case study of MSW disposal in Qingdao City is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The results indicate that a combination of landfilling, incineration technology with energy recovery facility is preferred for the current MSW management in Qingdao from the chosen criteria. The framework proposed in this work can be assisted to help the decision-makers to identify the priority sequence of MSW management scenarios.
ERROR ANALYSIS OF LEGENDRE-GALERKIN SPECTRAL METHOD FOR A PARABOLIC EQUATION WITH DIRICHLET-TYPE NON-LOCAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Authors: Chattouh Abdeldjalil , Saoudi Khaled
Published: May 2021

An efficient Legendre-Galerkin spectral method and its error analysis for a one-dimensional parabolic equation with Dirichlet-type non-local boundary conditions are presented in this paper. The spatial discretization is based on Galerkin formulation and the Legendre orthogonal polynomials, while the time derivative is discretized by using the symmetric Euler finite difference schema. The stability and convergence of the semi-discrete spectral approximation are rigorously set up by following a novel approach to overcome difficulties caused by the non-locality of the boundary condition. Several numerical tests are included to confirm the efficacy of the proposed method and to support the theoretical results.
Solar Energetic Electron Events Associated with Hard X-Ray Flares
Authors: Wang Wen , Wang Linghua , Krucker Säm , Mason Glenn M. , Su Yang , Bučík Radoslav
Published: May 2021

We investigate 16 solar energetic electron (SEE) events measured by WIND/3DP with a double-power-law spectrum and the associated western hard X-ray (HXR) flares measured by RHESSI with good count statistics, from 2002 February to 2016 December. In all the 16 cases, the presence of an SEE power-law spectrum extending down to ≤5 keV at 1 au implies that the SEE source would be high in the corona, at a heliocentric distance of ≥1.3 solar radii, while the footpoint or footpoint-like emissions shown in HXR images suggest that the observed HXRs are likely produced mainly by HXR-producing electrons via thick-target bremsstrahlung processes very low in the corona. We find that for all the 16 cases, the estimated power-law spectral index of HXR-producing electrons is no less than the observed high-energy spectral index of SEEs, and it shows a positive correlation with the high-energy spectral index of SEEs. In addition, the estimated number of SEEs is only ∼10−4–10−2 of the estimated number of HXR-producing electrons at energies above 30 keV, but with a positive correlation between the two numbers. These results suggest that in these cases, SEEs are likely formed by upward-traveling electrons from an acceleration source high in the corona, while their downward-traveling counterparts may undergo a secondary acceleration before producing HXRs via thick-target bremsstrahlung processes. In addition, the associated 3He/4He ratio is positively correlated with the observed high-energy spectral index of SEEs, indicating a possible relation of the 3He ion acceleration with high-energy SEEs.
Erosion and Accretion by Cratering Impacts on Rocky and Icy Bodies
Authors: Hyodo Ryuki , Genda Hidenori
Published: May 2021

During planet formation, numerous small impacting bodies result in cratering impacts on large target bodies. A fraction of the target surface is eroded, while a fraction of the impactor material accretes onto the surface. These fractions depend upon the impact velocities, the impact angles, and the escape velocities of the target. This study uses smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations to model cratering impacts onto a planar icy target for which gravity is the dominant force and material strength is neglected. By evaluating numerical results, scaling laws are derived for the escape mass of the target material and the accretion mass of the impactor material onto the target surface. Together with recently derived results for rocky bodies in a companion study, a conclusion is formulated that typical cratering impacts on terrestrial planets, except for those on Mercury, led to a net accretion, while those on the moons of giant planets, e.g., Rhea and Europa, led to a net erosion. Our newly derived scaling laws would be useful for predicting the erosion of the target body and the accretion of the impactor for a variety of cratering impacts that would occur on large rocky and icy planetary bodies during planet formation and collisional evolution from ancient times to today.
Notas sobre la dieta de la viuda negra mediterránea Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790) (Araneae: Theridiidae) en el suroeste de la península ibérica
Authors: Mora-Rubio Carlos , Parejo-Pulido Daniel
Published: May 2021

Los depredadores juegan un importante papel en la dinámica ecosistémica a raíz de los efectos que producen en la abundancia y diversidad de presas y, en última instancia, en las funciones del ecosistema. Para comprender la ecología del comportamiento depredador de los distintos grupos animales, así como su impacto en las comunidades de presas, es imprescindible conocer la composición de especies presa. El propósito de este estudio ha sido determinar la composición de la dieta de un artrópodo depredador, la viuda negra mediterránea Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790) en la península ibérica. Encontramos que L. tredecimguttatus puede considerarse un depredador generalista estenófago, que se alimenta de nueve órdenes distintos de artrópodos (Araneae, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Julida, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Scorpiones y Solifugae). Los himenópteros (en su mayoría hormigas) fueron las presas más comunes (58.9% del total) y los coleópteros (en su mayoría Tenebrionidae) fueron los segundos más comunes (33.5% del total). Además, hemos encontrado evidencias de depredación intra-gremio en esta especie. Con este trabajo, se contribuye al conocimiento de la ecología de L. tredecimguttatus en la península ibérica, destacando su papel como depredador de diversos artrópodos, donde se incluyen arañas y otros depredadores.
Le Valencien-Flamand Luis Vives, humaniste et théoricien de la traduction dans l’Europe de la Renaissance
Authors: Navarro-Domínguez Fernando
Published: May 2021

Notre article est une étude sur Juan Luis Vives, un humaniste hispano-flamand, et se compose de trois parties : une présentation de sa personnalité (d’humaniste, de pédagogue, de linguiste, d’homme politique au XVIe siècle), une analyse de sa théorie de la traduction (les variations textuelles), et une réflexion sur la présence ou l’absence de Vives dans les traités d’histoire de la traduction.
Un siècle de traductologie russe
Authors: Garbovskiy Nikolay
Published: May 2021

La période de l’histoire de la traductologie russe que je voudrais envisager s’étend sur cent ans (de la révolution russe de 1917 à nos jours), il s’agit donc de l’histoire contemporaine de la pensée traductologique. Lors de l’histoire séculaire de la traductologie, trois courants de recherches, avec la prédominance littéraire, linguistique, ou interdisciplinaire, se succèdent, ce qui nous permet de voir des traits similaires dans l’évolution de la pensée traductologique russe et celle des pays occidentaux.
Traduire pour vaincre la guerre : l’or noir, l’extrémisme rouge et la traduction multicolore
Authors: Awaiss Henri
Published: May 2021

Est-ce par hasard que la traduction a fait son entrée dans une université située sur la ligne de démarcation au cours de la guerre libanaise qui s’est rapidement propagée au reste des pays arabes ? Cette région, ayant comme péché originel l’or noir et l’extrémisme rouge, aura à ajouter, ou à reprendre, la traduction multicolore. Cette contribution se propose de transmettre l’histoire de l’ETIB en six parties : la fondation ; les soucis et les problèmes ; les praticiens et les théoriciens ; la collection « Sources-Cibles » ; les butterfly effects ; la traduction comme comportement. Enfin, dans les Mélanges en l’honneur de Michel Ballard parus en 2007, nous avions souligné que « dans notre région, dans ce triste Orient, notre besoin se résume en trois verbes : écrire, traduire et jouir ».
Le comportement du traducteur face aux métaphores
Authors: D. Gallagher John
Published: May 2021

Cette étude vise à mettre en évidence les facteurs, tant linguistiques que non-linguistiques, qui déterminent les choix faits par les traducteurs professionnels lorsque ceux-ci sont confrontés à des métaphores figurant dans les textes qu’ils doivent traduire. Le dépouillement d’un corpus plurilingue permet de dégager un certain nombre de tendances qui sont indépendantes du couple de langues concerné.
A Brief Review of Experimental Investigations and Analytical Development of Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining (PMEDM)
Authors: Bhowmick Sovan , Majumdar Gautam , Bandyopadhyay Asish
Published: May 2021

Powder mixed electric discharge machining (PMEDM) is a newly developed technology in which EDM is performed by mixing electrically conductive micro or nanoparticles with dielectric fluid. The electrically conductive tiny particles when come at the gap of electrode and work piece, they will begin to create spark by the induction of electrode voltage which enhances the material removal and surface finish of the machined surface. In this paper a brief review has been done on different aspects of powder mixed electric discharge machining. It is observed that the researches are done in three main directions. Firstly, experimental studies are done to show the effect of several input process parameters on responses mainly material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness and tool wear rate. Secondly, the metallurgical characteristics of the machined surface are analyzed to measure the white layer thickness and amount of powder material inclusion onto the surface. The third one is the investigation of thermal characteristics of the tool and work pieces during the machining process. In these three sections of researches, the results of the investigations have been discussed in this review. Keywords: powder mixed electric discharge machining, metallurgical characteristics, nano particles, material removal rate, surface roughness, tool wear rate, white layer thickness, thermal characteristics
Experimental Determination of Anisotropic Properties and Evaluation of FLD for Sheet Metal Operations
Authors: Reddy Araveeti C. Sekhara , Sandeep B. , Kumar J. Sandeep , Sanjanna B.
Published: May 2021

Most of the sheet metals in general exhibit high an-isotropic plasticity behavior due to the ordered grain orientation that occurred during the rolling process. This results in an uneven deformation yield property that tends to develop ears in case of deep-drawing operation. The deep drawing process is used for the production of cup-shaped articles having applications in automobiles, beverages, home appliances etc. It is essential to know the formability of sheet metals for minimisation of test runs and reducingthe defects. Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) is one of the methods for assessment of formability of sheetmetals. This paper describes various deformation models, yielding and an-isotropic properties and itsdetermination. Through experimental tests, FLD constructed for aluminium alloy AA6111 sheet metalhaving 0.9 mm thickness.
A Review - Black Oxide Coating on Metal Substrates of Steels, Aluminium, Magnesium and Copper
Authors: Manoj Aluri , Basha M.M. , Basha S.M. , Sankar M.R.
Published: May 2021

Aluminium, magnesium, copper, steels and their alloys are generally used in vast applications like automobile, ship, architecture, aerospace due their properties of high strength to weight ratio, good toughness, ease of recycling and good thermal conductivity. In practical applications, surface treatment is required to meet design requirements and also improves the long-term corrosion resistance and functionality. To enhance surface properties electro deposition, sol-gel, anodization and gas phase deposition are causally used in many industries. For achieving better results, one of the alternative coating has been developed such as black coating to modify the metal substrate properties. These black coating can be prepared by conventional method as well as other methods like micro arc oxidation, plasma electrolytic oxidation and pulse micro arc oxidation techniques. Conventional coloring method shows some disadvantages, for instance, poisonous Cr6+ ions are formed while preparing black oxide coating by conversion of chromium. To avoid such disadvantages, micro arc oxidation, plasma electrolytic oxidation and pulse micro arc oxidation are developed. Based on these techniques, surface properties like long-term corrosion resistance, wear resistance, biocompatibility and decoration are enhanced. Black coatings have high hardness, good bonding with metal substrate, light aging resistance and higher thickness of coating due to strongest absorption ability. This paper mainly focusses the generation of black oxide coating on steel, aluminum, magnesium and copper.
Investigation on Creep Characteristics of Rock-Like with Precast Internal Fissures under Different Temperatures and Confining Pressures
Authors: Du Peng , Wang Yong Yan
Published: May 2021

In order to study the effect of temperature-confining pressure coupling on the creep behavior of rock-like specimen with precast internal fissures, the creep tests under different temperatures and confining pressures are carried out. The test results show that the rock presents primary creep stage and steady creep stage at low stress levels. Under the condition of high stress, the creep process of rock shows an obvious accelerated creep stage. The curve of accelerated creep stage of rock gradually smoothing with the increase of confining pressure, and the corresponding creep failure time gradually increases. The failure under low confining pressure is mainly tensile failure. The high confining pressure is the shear failure, or even the mixture of shear and plastic failure.
Research on Hot Deformation Behaviors of 6061 Al Alloy
Authors: Zhang Xiao Yuan , Wang Rui , Wang Xiao Guo
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the high temperature flow behaviors of 6061 Al alloy was studied by thermal compression experiments. The effects of temperature, strain rate and strain on the microstructure evolution and flow behavior of the alloy were investigated by experiments. The results show that the flow stress of the alloy increases with the increase of strain rate and it decreases with the increase of deformation temperature. The flow curve reaches the dynamic equilibrium under the interaction of work hardening and dynamic softening mechanism. The uprising deformation temperature promotes thermal excitation dynamic recrystallization of deformed microstructure. With the increase of strain, the microstructure of the alloy is transformed from equiaxed crystal morphology to fibrous structure and strain-induced dynamic recrystallization occurs. As strain rate increases, the action time of dynamic softening mechanism for the studied alloy is reduced, resulting in the fraction of dynamic recrystallized structure is reduced and the flow stress increases.
Large Size CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Microcrystalline with a Capsule-Free Cavity Box Structure Grown by Solvent Thermal Reaction
Authors: Han Fei , Xi Xi Ping , Fan Min , Wang Ling Ling , Shi Jin Ming , Jiang Qin Liang , Chen Bo Hong , Yan Heng
Published: May 2021

In the paper, a novel perovskite microcrystalline with a capsule-free cavity box structure was creatively prepared through solvent thermal reaction, and the composition and structure of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite microcrystalline were further characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) element mapping. The SEM results show that the grain size of the prepared CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite microcrystalline is more than 100 μm. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to characterize the material decomposition of perovskite microcrystals before and after 150 d of air aging. The XRD results indicate the prepared perovskite microcrystalline could be stably preserved in the air for 150 d without degradation. Our method provides technical guidance for further enriching the morphology of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite microcrystalline.
Clinical characteristics and rehospitalization in patients with schizophrenia with or without history of amphetamine abuse
Authors: Huang Wei-Ching , Chan Hung-Yu
Published: May 2021

Objective:

In this study, we intended to study the differences of the clinical characteristics between patients with schizophrenia with or without history of amphetamine abuse and risk factors of rehospitalization.

Methods:

We used medical records and reviewed electronic database to collect the two schizophrenia groups discharged from the Taoyuan Psychiatric Center from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2015. Patients with and without amphetamine abuse were defined as case group and control group, respectively. The patients' demographic data and clinical variables were extracted and examined.

Results:

We identified 80 patients in the case group and 142 patients in the control group. Up to 32.5% of the case group patients still showed a positive urine amphetamine test. The univariate analysis showed that significant differences existed in gender (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), marriage (p < 0.05), education (p < 0.001), psychiatric comorbidity (p < 0.05), family history of schizophrenia (p < 0.01), family history of illicit substance use (p < 0.001), history of suicide (p < 0.01), history of violence (p < 0.001), hospitalization days (p < 0.001), and rehospitalization rate (p < 0.05). The result of the logistic regression showed that the number of previous admissions was a positive predictor of rehospitalization and that with family history of schizophrenia was a negative predictor of rehospitalization. The Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the number of previous admissions was still a positive predictive factor for the rehospitalization.

Conclusion:

In this study, the characteristics of two study patient groups were different. Patients with schizophrenia and with a history of amphetamine abuse had a tendency of amphetamine abuse and a higher rate of rehospitalization. Further treatment for amphetamine abstinence in the community for this population is warranted to strengthen the study results.