bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers and students navigating urban violence in Honduras: A view from a school on the margins of El Progreso
Authors: McGrath Antonia
Published: December 2024

Honduras has some of the highest homicide rates in the world, accompanied by rife criminal violence and organised crime. Recent research has explored links between the state and organised crime, bringing into view Honduras’ political economy of violence (Dudley, 2011, 2016, 2017; Puerta & Dudley, 2017). Yet despite having become foci of urban violence, schools have largely been left out of the picture. This ethnographic research, based on three months of fieldwork at a public high school on the urban margins of the city of El Progreso, explores how the political economy of Honduras’ urban violence is understood and navigated by people at the school through their daily lives. I focus on two examples: first, a police-run gang prevention programme implemented at the school, and second, navigations of the reflections and reproductions of gang structures and dynamics from the barrio at the school. The findings generate insights into how teachers and students respond to the ongoing enmeshment between state and non-state actors in urban violence in Honduras. 
Resumen: Profesores y alumnos navegando la violencia urbana en Honduras: Una visión desde una escuela en los márgenes de El Progreso
Honduras tiene una de las tasas de homicidio más altas del mundo, acompañada de una violencia criminal y un crimen organizado muy extendidos. Investigaciones recientes han explorado los vínculos entre el Estado y el crimen organizado, resaltando la economía política de la violencia en el país (Dudley, 2011, 2016, 2017; Puerta y Dudley, 2017). Sin embargo, a pesar de haberse convertido en focos de violencia urbana, las escuelas han quedado en gran medida al margen. Esta investigación etnográfica, basada en tres meses de trabajo de campo en una escuela secundaria pública en los márgenes urbanos de la ciudad de El Progreso, explora cómo la economía política de la violencia urbana de Honduras es entendida y navegada por la gente en la escuela a través de su vida cotidiana. Centrándose en dos ejemplos: en primer lugar, un programa de prevención de pandillas dirigido por la policía e implementado en la escuela y, en segundo lugar, las reflexiones y reproducciones de las estructuras y dinámicas de las pandillas del barrio en la escuela. Los resultados permiten comprender cómo profesores y alumnos responden a la actual interrelación entre actores estatales y no estatales en la violencia urbana de Honduras.
Pensadores rebeldes
Authors: Salman Ton
Published: December 2024

Pensadores rebeldes, by Cristóbal Kay, Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2023
Gazdasági duális alapképzés választásának okai és a képzési forma eredményei a kompetenciák tekintetében
Authors: Liber Evelin Fatime
Published: December 2024

A munkaerőpiaci oldal napjainkban új kihívások elé állítja a felsőoktatási rendszert. Jelen értekezés először a 2022-ben megrendezésre kerülő TDK konferencián bemutatott kutatás, illetve a 2023 januárjában megrendezésre kerülő záróvizsgán védett szakdolgozat egy részletét hivatott kiemelni. A kutatás témája a duális képzés, gazdasági alapképzési szakokon elért, hallgatók által megfogalmazott eredményei. A tanulmány két kutatási kérdésre adott válasz rövid összefoglalása. Az első célja a hallgatók duális képzés választásának okai, a második a képzés során fejlődött kompetenciák összegyűjtése. A kutatásban összesen 35 jelenlegi, vagy már végzett hallgató vett részt. A tanulmány a 12 kérdéssorból álló interjúból háromra kapott eredményeket emeli ki. A hallgatói visszajelzések alapján a duális képzés választásának fő motivációi a tapasztalatszerzés, a kompetenciák gyorsabb, szélesebb körű fejlődése, illetve az egyetemi évek alatt megszerezhető bevételek növelése. A képzés során fejlődött, a legtöbb hallgató által kiemelt kompetenciák a kommunikációs képességek, a szakmai kompetenciák, illetve a csapatban való dolgozás képessége.
A tengeri hajókon keletkező hulladék összetétele
Authors: Kári-Horváth Attila , Lantos Zsolt , Sztancsek Ákos , Kristóf Gábor
Published: December 2024

A hajózásban nagy figyelmet fordítanak a környezetterhelés csökkentésére. Ez annál is inkább indokolt, mivel manapság a legelterjedtebb hajó üzemanyag, az ún. nehézolaj, mely 3500-szor több ként tartalmaz, mint a hagyományos dízel üzemanyag. Ennek megfelelőn ma már van olyan üzemben álló úszó szálloda a világon, mely LNG zöld üzemanyagot használ. Jelen cikkünkben megpróbáljuk összegyűjteni a témához erősen kapcsolódó irodalmakat, hogy majd egy későbbi munkánk során kidolgozzuk a részletes technológiát e hulladékok ártalmatlanítására.
Megújuló energiával történő melegítés matematikai modellezése szoláris főzőedényben
Authors: Rátkai Márton , Kicsiny Richárd , Székely László
Published: December 2024

A kutatás tárgya, a szoláris főzőedény, egy új találmány, amely a Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatalában, 2021-ben kapott használatiminta-oltalmat, 5489-es lajstromszám alatt. Az edény ételek, italok (vagy egyéb folyadékok) melegítésére vagy főzésére használható. Felépítését tekintve, egy cső a csőben hőcserélőhöz hasonlóan, rendelkezik egy külső köpennyel és egy belső főzőtérrel. A főzőedény fizikálisan már legyártásra került, a rajta végzett vizsgálatok folyamatosan zajlanak. A jelen munka a berendezés matematikai úton történő vizsgálatát tűzi ki célul matematikai modellek és számítógépes szimulációk segítségével. Célunk a szoláris főzőedény modellezése, amely lehetővé teszi a főzőedény hőmérsékletének előrejelzését. Bemutatásra kerül a főzőedény matematikai modellezése, valamint a modellezéshez kapcsolódó első szimulációs eredmények, amelyek alapján következtetések vonhatók le a főzőedény működésének hatékonyságára és gyakorlati alkalmazhatóságára vonatkozóan. A környezetbarát főzőedény az eredmények alapján képes főzési feladatok ellátására. Használata egy főzés alkalmával 247 grammal csökkenti a széndioxid-kibocsátást. A jövőbeni kutatási tervek között szerepel a főzőedényből és a napkollektorból álló kísérleti rendszer megépítése, a rendszer és a rendszerelemek további modellezése és a rendszeren mérések elvégzése különböző időjárási körülmények között. A tervezett kísérleti vizsgálatok majd lehetővé teszik a matematikai modellek validálását és a főzőedény működőképességének felmérését.
Vikings in the East: Essays on Contacts along the Road to Byzantium (800–1100)
Authors: Androshchuk Fedir
Published: December 2024

It has been a tradition to write about ‘Vikings’ and ‘Varangians’ within the framework of national histories of Scandinavia. However, it is known that most of them were outsiders in the local societies of the respective countries. Vikings shaped their identity profiles beyond the social and political borders of their homelands, which means that ‘Viking Studies’ actually represent a transnational history. In order to overcome the tendency to marginalize these social categories, we need to see their place in a global historical context.

The material culture of Scandinavia reveals some ‘oriental’ influences, which took place in the 9th and 10th centuries. These influences can be traced in weaponry, riding gear, coins, clothing, jewellery, ceramic, textile and copper vessels; however, no interpretative model has yet been proposed to explain them. No critical interpretation of these objects can be undertaken without tracing channels of communication, forms of contacts and social and cultural environments in which they were circulated. During the past decade, I have studied military aspects and cultural contacts in the early towns of Scandinavia and Rus´, and lately also contacts between Byzantium and the Viking world. One result of these studies is the identification of Byzantine influences on cloth style, city life, court ceremonies, town planning and defense, all contributing to a ‘Byzantine dimension’ of Scandinavian history. There are numerous examples of national histories of the North, while the concept of a transnational history still needs to be explored.

The method of writing a transnational history remains to be defined, though we are aware that in dealing with a number of local histories we are required to find one story – a way of uniting different histories in a common plot. Topics that unite histories are, for example, movements of people and the spreading of ideas and technologies across national boundaries. Such common topics are quite popular in the writing of medieval history, but depending on political and/or cultural preferences they may be approached with different attitudes; sometimes they are simply denied. The debate about a Byzantine heritage in Scandinavia offers us a case in point. The question of whether or not Byzantine cultural influences may be discerned have been debated at length and are still far from being resolved. Some historians of religion and art deny any considerable impact due to a lack of plain evidence. By contrast, other scholars, especially archaeologists, try to show the importance of Byzantium in the spreading of Christianity and in the shaping of a local elite in Scandinavia. In this debate the role of Old Rus´ as an agent of cultural transfer between Byzantium and Northern Europe has indeed been noted. Northmen, who were known in the East as Rhos and Varangians, held a unique position in world history.
Malnutrition in Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis of Micronutrient Deficiencies, Health Impacts, and Intervention Strategies
Authors:   Kathmandu University, Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar, Nepal, Agrawal Roshan
Published: December 2024

Malnutrition, particularly micronutrient deficiencies, remains a significant public health challenge in Nepal, affecting vulnerable
populations such as children under five, pregnant women, and lactating mothers. This thesis examines the complex landscape of
malnutrition in Nepal, focusing on the causes, health impacts, and socio-economic consequences of nutrient deficiencies. The
research highlights the severe effects of malnutrition, including stunting, anaemia, and developmental delays, which contribute
to broader social and economic disparities. A detailed analysis of the most affected populations and regions, based on national
surveys and studies, underscores the critical need for targeted interventions. This study also evaluates existing nutrition programs
in Nepal, assessing their effectiveness and identifying gaps in coverage, particularly in remote and rural areas. The findings
emphasize the importance of a multi-sectoral approach that integrates nutrition-specific interventions with broader efforts to
improve food security, healthcare access, and economic opportunities.
W blasku wspaniałych głosów
Authors: Pilecka Hanna
Published: December 2024

O drugim wydaniu biografii Halina Mickiewiczówna. Ciepło głosu i serca autorstwa Katarzyny Igi Gawęckiej oraz o uroczystej promocji książki w stulecie urodzin Maestry.
Kształcić? Obowiązkowo!
Authors: Kucharska-Szefler Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

Rozmowa z dr hab. Aleksandrą Kucharską-Szefler, śpiewaczką operową, profesorem Akademii Muzycznej w Gdańsku na Wydziale Wokalno-Aktorskim, gdzie prowadzi klasę śpiewu solowego.
Ciepło głosu i serca
Authors: Pożakowski Piotr
Published: December 2024

…to tytuł koncertu, jakim 7 listopada 2023 r. Akademia Muzyczna w Gdańsku uczciła setną rocznicę urodzin Haliny Mickiewiczówny– wybitnej polskiej śpiewaczki związanej przez dekady z gdańską uczelnią, w której wykształciła wielu znakomitych absolwentów.
Legenda o "Bir-bav"
Authors: Babadżan Garri
Published: December 2024

Drodzy przyjaciele i współplemieńcy, chcę opowiedzieć Wam pewną historię.
Resident Wild Birds: A Potential Source for Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli
Authors: Neloy Fahim Haque , Rana Md Liton , Punom Sadia Afrin , Rahman Md Tanvir
Published: December 2024

Antibiotic resistance, commonly known as antimicrobial resistance, is a major global health concern. In Bangladesh, resident wild birds such as the house crow, common myna, and house sparrow can be found near human settlements all year. As a result, these birds could carry fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. We collected 134 freshly dropped fecal samples for this study. E. coli was confirmed using morphological characteristics from culture plates as well as PCR. The Antibiogram of the target isolates was determined by a disk diffusion method and the presence of any resistant genes in the isolates was determined by PCR. About 83% of the common wild birds were found positive for E. coli in their fecal samples. In the antibiogram study about 16 to 40% of isolates were found resistant to different fluoroquinolones. Forty-five percent of isolates were found to carry the fluoroquinolone-resistant gene qnrA, whereas the qnrS gene was absent in all the isolates. All of the isolates examined were found to be resistant to ampicillin and ceftazidime. There are no published data on fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolated from common resident wild birds in Bangladesh. Our data imply that house crow, common myna, and house sparrow could be a possible source for the spread of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli in the environment.
 J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 6(1): 83-88, 2024
Co-Composted Fecal Sludge Based Integrated Nutrient Management for Sustainable Aman Rice Production
Authors: Mahmud Nayma Binta , Anwar Md Parvez , Yeasmin Sabina , Sultana Nasrin , Ghosh Susmita , Islam A K M Mominul , Jaman Md Sunain Bin
Published: December 2024

This study was undertaken to judge the efficacy and economic feasibility of cocomposted fecal sludge (CCFS) in increasing growth and productivity of transplant Aman (T. Aman) rice and to optimize CCFS dose for integration with chemical fertilizers to maximize T. Aman rice yield and economic return. This study was consisted of two factors included two T. Aman rice varieties namely, BRRI dhan 49 and Dhanigold; and 10 chemical fertilizer+CCFS combinations such as, recommended dose of synthetic fertilizer (RDF), CCFS @ 5 t ha-1, RDF+CCFS @ 2 t ha-1, RDF+CCFS @ 1.5 t ha-1, RDF+CCFS @ 1 t ha-1, RDF+CCFS @ 0.5 t ha-1, 75% RDF+CCFS @ 2 t ha-1, 75% RDF+CCFS @ 1.5 t ha-1, 75% RDF+CCFS @ 1 t ha-1 and 75% RDF+CCFS @ 0.5 t ha-1. A clear advantage of integrating CCFS with chemical fertilizers to increase rice growth and yield was evident in this study. The highest grain yield was recorded when CCFS @ 2 t ha-1 was integrated with recommended chemical fertilizers, and that was >7% higher than that obtained from the application of only recommended chemical fertilizers. But application of only CCFS @ 5 t ha-1 reduced grain yield by as much as 47%. The highest benefit:cost ratio for BRRI dhan49 and Dhanigold (1.66 and 1.61, respectively) were calculated from recommended chemical fertilizers application closely followed by application of recommended chemical fertilizers+CCFS @ 2 t ha-1 (1.55 and 1.49, respectively). In case of both the varieties, application of only CCFS @ 5 t ha-1 resulted in negative net return and <1 benefit:cost ratio (0.75 and 0.73, respectively for BRRI dhan 49 and Dhanigold) due to poorer yield and higher cost for CCFS. Encouraging findings of this study confirm that CCFS obtained from faecal sludge can be integrated with chemical fertilizers to increase the productivity of T. Aman rice. In terms of grain yield, recommended chemical fertilizers+CCFS @ 2 t ha-1 appeared as the best option, but application of only recommended chemical fertilizers was found a bit more economic than integration. Application of only CCFS without chemical fertilizers was found neither productive nor economic. To conclude, co-compost can be used to supplement chemical fertilizers for in rice cultivation, and thus will contribute to green agriculture by improving soil health and minimizing environmental pollution. It is therefore necessary to conduct multi-location trials for consecutive years on other crops as well to confirm the potentiality of co-compost as a manure to increase crop productivity, and as a soil conditioner for soil health improvement.
J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 6(1): 149-159, 2024
O INSTITUTO DA DOAÇÃO MODAL E SUA APLICAÇÃO PELA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Regert Rodrigo , Antonio Córdova Ransolin Marco , Frigotto Sabrina , Machado dos Santos Adelcio
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo visa refletir sobre a doação modal como meio de incentivo econômico. Para isso, o objetivo principal desse trabalho é estudar o instituto da doação com encargos, mais especificamente no que se refere a doação realizada pela Administração Pública, bem como sua aplicação ao longo do tempo, e as implicações do descumprimento, pelo particular, dos encargos fixados pelo poder público. Para que estes fins sejam atingidos utilizar-se-á o método dedutivo sobre a abordagem qualitativa do tema, a pesquisa explicativa foi instrumentalizada para esclarecer os requisitos e implicações do descumprimento dos encargos da doação. Em um país no qual os períodos de crise e instabilidade econômica passaram a se tornar a regra, e a alta carga tributária não permite o pleno desenvolvimento econômico sem o enfrentamento de diversos entraves, é fundamental que a administração pública auxilie o particular na execução da atividade empresária por meio de incentivos de natureza fiscal e econômica. Um destes mecanismos é a doação com encargo, realizada pela administração pública aos particulares, com o fim de incentivar a fixação da empresa no município, gerando por consequência mais oportunidades de empregos, aumento da população assalariada, necessidade de mais moradias, entre outros efeitos. Por isso, se traduz como ferramenta essencial ao desenvolvimento econômico local. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Doação modal. Administração pública. Encargos. ABSTRACT This study aims to reflect on modal donation as a means of economic incentive. To this end, the main objective of this work is to study the institute of donations with charges, more specifically with regard to donations made by the Public Administration, as well as its application over time, and the implications of non-compliance, by the individual, with the charges set by public authorities. In order for these purposes to be achieved, the deductive method will be used on the qualitative approach to the topic, explanatory research will be used to clarify the requirements and implications of non-compliance withthe donation charges. In a country in which periods of crisis and economic instability have become the rule, and the high tax burden does not allow full economic development without facing various obstacles, it is essential that the public administration assists individuals in carrying out the activity businesswoman through fiscal and economic incentives. One of these mechanisms is the donation with charge, made by the public administration to individuals, with the aim of encouraging the establishment of the company in the municipality, consequently generating more job opportunities, an increase in the salaried population, the need for more housing, among other effects. Therefore, it is an essential tool for local economic development.
Keywords: Modal donation. Public administration. Charges.
Does the modified shuttle test exhibit a ceiling effect in healthy and cystic fibrosis children and adolescents?
Authors: Amor-Barbosa Marta , Salazar-Pérez Fernanda , Vendrusculo Fernanda Maria , Bagatini Maria Amélia , Aquino Evanirso da Silva , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The modified shuttle test-15 (MST-15) is a valid alternative for assessing exercise capacity when a cardiopulmonary exercise testing is not feasible. This study aims to describe the percentage of healthy and cystic fibrosis (CF) children and adolescents reaching the MST-15 ceiling. Additionally, it examines associations between MST-15 distance and demographic, anthropometric, and lung function data.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 286 healthy volunteers (11.5 ± 3.3 years) and 70 CF patients (11.9 ± 4.4 years). Data on age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, lung function, and MST-15 were collected. The ceiling effect was determined by the absolute and relative number of participants reaching the 15th level. Univariate linear regression and correlation analyses were conducted to explore associations with MST-15 distance.
Results: A ceiling effect for the MST-15 was found in 19 healthy participants (6.6%) and 1 CF patient (1.4%). The ceiling effect was correlated with age (r = 0.777 for healthy; r = 0.538 for CF), with no cases under 10 years and reaching 25% in healthy participants aged 17-19. Regression analysis showed significant associations between age and MST-15 distance in healthy participants (β = 53.6) and CF patients (β = 32.1). Additionally, sex was significantly associated with MST-15 distance in healthy participants (β = 107.0), and FEV1 with MST-15 distance in CF patients (β = 31.0).
Conclusions: The ceiling effect on the MST-15 is age-dependent, with no occurrences observed in children under 10 years and a gradual increase in incidence as participants age.
Acute Form of Sarcoidosis (Löfgren Syndrome): A Case Report
Authors: Abduljabbar Ali
Published: December 2024

Sarcoidosis is a disorder that affects multiple systems with unclear causes and is relatively rare. The defining characteristic of this disease is the presence of granulomas in various organs in the human body. The incidence and presentation are changeable according to many factors, such as geography, ethnicity, sex, and genetic background. It is highest in Scandinavians. Löfgren syndrome represents a sudden manifestation of sarcoidosis, constituting approximately 10% of all cases. The classical signs and symptoms include bilateral symmetric hilar lymphadenopathy, fever, multiple joint swelling, and skin lesions known as erythema nodosum. Diagnosis of the disease can be quite challenging owing to its infrequent occurrence and the limited availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, tests, and changeable clinical pictures that may suggest different aetiologies. Early diagnosis of Löfgren syndrome will ensure rapid treatment and fewer complications. This review presents the case of a 27-year-old healthy female with sudden onset of bilateral knee joint pain, swelling, erythema nodosum, and fever. Laboratory tests revealed elevated inflammatory parameters. Chest CT and chest X-ray revealed mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy, suggesting Löfgren syndrome. This report emphasises the broad spectrum of mimicry observed in cases of acute sarcoidosis, with a focus on the clinical picture and standard differentials that must be carefully evaluated to exclude other inflammatory and malignant conditions. The patient achieved full remission following symptomatic treatment.
Mapping Political Violence in Turkey: When Terrorism and Civil War Converge
Authors: Ozturan Betul
Published: December 2024

This study introduces the Political Violence in Turkiye Event Dataset (POLVITED), a resource designed to provide a more comprehensive estimation of political violence in Turkiye. I employ the Matching Event Data by Location, Time, and Type (MELTT) methodology to integrate data from the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) and the Uppsala Conflict Data Programme Georeferenced Event Dataset (UCDP-GED). The findings reveal that UCDP-GED captures 60% of political violence incidents in T ¨urkiye, GTD records 40%, and only 15% of incidents are documented in both datasets. By eliminating duplicate records and mitigating reporting bias, POLVITED offers a more comprehensive representation of political violence in Turkey. Additionally, a comparison with official reports demonstrates that while reporting bias cannot be entirely eradicated, data integration significantly enhances dataset coverage and reliability.
The Ceiling Rate Policy: Redefining Monetary Stability and Consumer Protection in Modern Economies
Authors: oorkolil vijimon
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the Ceiling Rate Policy, a transformative approach to monetary policy that caps borrowing rates while maintaining a fixed interest rate spread for banks. Aimed at bolstering economic stability, safeguarding consumers, and fostering a predictable lending environment, this policy offers a viable alternative to traditional interest rate mechanisms. Through a thorough analysis of its theoretical foundation, practical application, and anticipated effects, we demonstrate how the Ceiling Rate Policy addresses critical issues in credit supply, inflation control, interest rate swaps and economic inequality. This research lays the groundwork for rethinking monetary policy in contemporary economies.
Understanding the impact of ER stress on lung physiology
Authors: Fu Zhiling , Wang Wei , Gao Yuan
Published: December 2024

Human lungs consist of a distinctive array of cell types, which are subjected to persistent challenges from chemical, mechanical, biological, immunological, and xenobiotic stress throughout life. The disruption of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostatic function, triggered by various factors, can induce ER stress. To overcome the elevated ER stress, an adaptive mechanism known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in cells. However, persistent ER stress and maladaptive UPR can lead to defects in proteostasis at the cellular level and are typical features of the lung aging. The aging lung and associated lung diseases exhibit signs of ER stress-related disruption in cellular homeostasis. Dysfunction resulting from ER stress and maladaptive UPR can compromise various cellular and molecular processes associated with aging. Hence, comprehending the mechanisms of ER stress and UPR components implicated in aging and associated lung diseases could enable to develop appropriate therapeutic strategies for the vulnerable population.
The fully bio-based bilayered flame retardant treatment for paper via natural bio-materials
Authors: Sun Zhihao , Liu Xinlong , Hu Qiaosheng , Zhao Qing , Qi Xuyao , Xu Fei , Li Jingxian , Ma Zhongfei
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we report a novel method for enhancing the flame retardancy of wood-based paper by utilizing natural biomaterials. The research constructed a bilayered structure coating on paper fiber surfaces, incorporating mixed starch (MS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and phytic acid (PA) as natural bio-based flame retardants. The structural configuration of the coating comprises MS/ATP and MS/PA, which were sequentially assembled as bottom and top parts, respectively, through pneumatic spraying. The surface morphological features and elemental distribution analysis of treated paper indicated that bio-materials were successfully assembled, which resulted in a uniform flame retardant coating on the paper fiber surface. Compared to the untreated paper, the limiting oxygen index of 20 bilayers (BL) treated paper increased substantially from 19.07% to 24.00%, and the thermogravimetric analysis showed out the residual char yield enhanced from 23.80% to 38.10% under nitrogen atmosphere. The cone calorimeter test results of 20 BL treated paper have approximately a 50.00% reduction than the untreated paper in both peak and total heat release rates. During thermal exposure, the top and bottom parts of the bilayered structure coating are successively flame retarded prior to paper fiber degrading. The method presented in this paper provides an environmentally sustainable approach for producing flame retardant wood-based paper.
Detection and monitoring of stress using wearables: a systematic review
Authors: Pinge Anuja , Gad Vinaya , Jaisighani Dheryta , Ghosh Surjya , Sen Sougata
Published: December 2024

Over the last few years, wearable devices have witnessed immense changes in terms of sensing capabilities. Wearable devices, with their ever-increasing number of sensors, have been instrumental in monitoring human activities, health-related indicators, and overall wellness. One health-related area that has rapidly adopted wearable devices is the mental health monitoring and well-being area, which covers problems such as psychological distress. The continuous monitoring capability of wearable devices allows the detection and monitoring of stress, thus enabling early detection of mental health problems. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the different types of sensors and wearable devices used by researchers to detect and monitor stress in individuals. We identify and detail the tasks such as data collection, data pre-processing, features computation, and training of the model explored by such research works. We review each step involved in stress detection and monitoring. We also discuss the scope and opportunities for further research that deals with the management of stress once it is detected.
Refining cardiac resynchronization therapy: a comprehensive review on the role of advanced multimodality imaging
Authors: Stoiculescu Flavia-Mihaela , Hădăreanu Diana-Ruxandra , Hădăreanu Călin-Dinu , Donoiu Ionuț , Florescu Cristina
Published: December 2024

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) offers significant benefits in symptom alleviation, reduction of rehospitalization rates, and overall survival of patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (rEF). However, despite its proven efficacy, precisely identifying suitable CRT candidates remains a challenge, with a notable proportion of patients experiencing non-response. Accordingly, many attempts have been made to enhance patient selection, and to identify the best imaging parameters to predict the response and survival after CRT implantation. This review article provides a comprehensive overview on the role of multi-modality cardiac imaging in selecting, optimizing, and predicting CRT response and outcomes in HFrEF patients, beginning with an exploration of dyssynchrony types and their impact on HF progression, and an emphasis on the utility of echocardiography in assessing cardiac dyssynchrony. Subsequently, the role of advanced techniques such as speckle tracking and three-dimensional echocardiography, as well as the visual assessment of apical rocking (ApRock) and septal flash (SF) are highlighted. Finally, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scar data, and novel modalities like four-dimensional flow CMR, together with single-photon emission computed tomography offer additional insights, emerging as valuable predictors of CRT response, and potentially refining the identification of suitable CRT candidates.
Screening for diabetes and hypertension in adult dental patients: the experience in a Nigerian dental center
Authors: Nnawuihe Ukachi Chiwendu , Adelusi Emmauel Adetolu , Salami Afolake Shakirat , Adebayo Ezekiel Taiwo , Ahaji Lilian Ejije
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to examine the presentation of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in dental patients.

Methods

Dental patients were screened for hypertension and elevated blood sugar using a sphygmomanometer and a glucometer, respectively.

Results

A total of 102 men and 129 women participated in the study. In total, 69 (29.9%) and 20 (8.7%) participants reported a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Adherence to taking hypertensive and diabetic medications as advised by a clinician was reported by 68.0% and 85.0% of patients with known hypertension and diabetes, respectively, of whom 29.8% had uncontrolled hypertension and 29.4% had high blood sugar in the diabetic range (>200 mg/dl). In patients with no history of these diseases, 42 (25.9%) had elevated blood pressure, while 5 (2.4%) had high blood sugar in the diabetic range. The prevalence of hypertension was 37.3% and high blood sugar in the diabetic range was 5.2% in the sample. Individuals with diabetes were 31 times more likely to have hypertension than those without diabetes (odds ratio = 31.06, 95% confidence interval 5.68–169.98, p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion

Screening was helpful in the detection of undiagnosed cases and suboptimal control of both diseases in patients. Recommendations for dental practice guidelines include routine screening with mandatory screening for hypertension in patients with diabetes.
Residual bone level as a prognostic factor in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis
Authors: Martin-Cabezas Rodrigo , Giannopoulou Catherine
Published: December 2024

Peri-implantitis is a progressive inflammatory disease affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants and leading to bone loss. The severity of this disease is typically classified based on the depth of the bone defect or the percentage of bone loss around the implant. Marginal bone loss is a critical factor in the surgical management of peri-implantitis, as it can complicate access for implant decontamination and hinder efforts to stabilize the condition. In cases where bone loss exceeds 50% of the implant length, explantation is often recommended due to significantly reduced success rates after treatment. This narrative review seeks to examine the scientific evidence on marginal bone loss as a prognostic factor in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.
Transforming family dynamics: unexpected positive effects of treatment for adolescent gaming problems on family relationships
Authors: Kapetanovic Sabina , Due Nielsen Maiken , Gurdal Sevtap , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma
Published: December 2024

Introduction

While parenting is important for the development of adolescent problem gaming, it is unknown whether treatment of such problems in adolescents has a bearing on parenting. This study aims to explore the effects of individual relapse prevention (RP) treatment for adolescent problematic gaming on parenting practices and family dynamics.

Methods

A total of 72 adolescents (74% male; Mage = 14.5 SD = 1.4), participated in the study, with n = 39 in the intervention group and n = 33 in the control group. Pre- and post-treatment data were collected on parenting practices (e.g., monitoring and communication) and family dynamics. Changes in parenting measures were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Svensson's method of change analysis.

Results

Adolescents in the intervention group reported reduced family conflict and changes in specific parenting practices, including less inquiry, fewer rules and intrusion regarding gaming post-treatment. In contrast, the control group reported a decline in family cohesion at post-treatment assessment.

Discussion

The results highlight adolescents' active role in shaping family dynamics and underscore the positive spillover effects of treating adolescent problematic gaming on parenting practices and family relationships. These findings are relevant to clinical practice and deepen our understanding of the relationship between adolescent gaming, parent-child interactions, and treatment spillover effects.

Trial registration number

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05506384, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05506384.
A review of STEM education research in BRICS countries: an analysis of research trends
Authors: Fayzullina Albina R. , Zulfugarzade Teymur E. , Kondakchian Nataliia A. , Aytuganova Jhanna I. , Khvatova Maria A. , Kelina Kirena G.
Published: December 2024

Research has emphasized the importance of STEM for countries. Many studies have been conducted on STEM education research in countries worldwide. However, there is a lack of research on reviewing the research on STEM education in BRICS countries. Based on this rationale, this paper analyzes research patterns and trends related to STEM education in BRICS countries. The study examined 3,580 journal articles from 2014 to 2023 on STEM education in BRICS countries using the bibliometric analysis method, revealing a significant increase in research. The results showed that the number of published articles increased annually, and 85% were published after 2017. The top three journals publishing STEM studies were the Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, Sustainability, and the International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning. China had the highest number of articles on STEM education based on country affiliation, followed by South Africa, India, Brazil, and Russia. The authors’ authorship collaborations revealed that China had the most prominent connections compared to other countries. The keywords analysis revealed four research trends: (i) the effects of STEM education on learning outcomes, (ii) the impacts of instructional strategies in engineering education, (iii) gender differences in STEM education, and (iv) the use of artificial intelligence, project-based learning, and active learning. Based on the analyses, researchers suggest recommendations for future research.
Designing and assessing experiential learning pedagogy for an intercultural communicative competence training module: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Wibowo Agus Hari , Mohamad Bahtiar , Djatmika  , Santosa Riyadi
Published: December 2024

Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is crucial for future workers in the global job market, where many feels unprepared to communicate effectively with culturally diverse colleagues. Therefore, university students must develop this skill to stay competitive. Experiential learning pedagogy, focused on ICC training, can enhance final-year students’ abilities, offering an alternative to traditional teaching methods. To examine the effectiveness of experiential learning pedagogy in a redesigned ICC module for undergraduates, a multiple-group pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design was adopted. Data were collected from 31 undergraduate students at two public universities in Indonesia. The module was redesigned to incorporate experiential learning pedagogy, providing various opportunities through face-to-face training workshops. Validated and reliable instruments measured students’ experiential level with the pedagogy and their competencies in intercultural communication. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Participants showed a substantial enhancement in the Intercultural Communicative Competency Scale after the training workshop, as evidenced by higher post-test scores compared to pre-test scores. Additionally, the post-test data demonstrated a moderate improvement in participants’ expectations from the pre-test for the experiential learning pedagogy. The findings prove the effectiveness of both the content and the pedagogy of the module. Furthermore, these modules should continually integrate more interactive elements to better meet learners’ needs.
Durable and deep response to CVD chemotherapy in SDHB-mutated metastatic paraganglioma: case report
Authors: Zhang Chenyan , Wei Yuanfeng , Cheng Ke , Cao Dan
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB)-mutated paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by increased malignancy, readily metastasizing, and poorer prognosis. Here we report a case of SDHB-mutated metastatic PGL, wherein the patient showed significant tumor shrinkage and complete symptom remission following chemotherapy. We aim to contribute additional evidence to the existing knowledge associated with SDHB-mutated PGLs.

Case report

A 40-year-old male patient presented with recurrent hypoglycemia and hypertension crisis. Imaging revealed a huge left retroperitoneal tumor and multiple diffuse metastases in lungs. Catecholamine was also elevated, aligning with a diagnosis of metastatic PGL. Pathology also confirmed this diagnosis. Additionally, the immunohistochemistry indicated negative expression of SDHB and gene test showed somatic SDHB mutation. Given the SDHB mutation, cyclophosphamide-vincristine-dacarbazine (CVD) chemotherapy was initiated in critical conditions. Subsequently, a significant tumor shrinkage and complete biochemical response were observed after two treatment cycles. In September 2024, CT scan revealed new pulmonary lesions. The progression-free survival (PFS) with CVD chemotherapy was 24 months.

Conclusion

This report reviews the distinct clinical and biochemical characteristics and treatment approaches of SDHB-mutated paragangliomas, emphasizing that the significance of incorporating both genetic testing and immunohistochemical analysis in clinical practice.
Can crop production agglomeration reduce carbon emissions?—empirical evidence from China
Authors: Han Jiabin , Shen Longxiang , Li Chengyu
Published: December 2024

Reducing carbon emissions is crucial for environmental protection and the survival of humankind, particularly in agricultural growth, as it ensures the sustainability of the food supply. This study examines the import of the crop production agglomeration on carbon emissions across several areas of China. It employs panel data spanning from 2012 to 2022. The crop production agglomeration was assessed using the average industrial agglomeration rate, whereas the carbon emissions were evaluated using the IPCC carbon emission factors. Empirical analyses were conducted using the panel fixed effects model and the Spatial Durbin Model . The results indicate that crop production agglomeration directly reduces carbon emissions. Moreover, the concentration of crop production has a geographical demonstration effect on carbon emissions, where greater levels of crop production agglomeration result in a more efficient decrease of carbon emissions in nearby regions. An analysis of heterogeneity indicates that the impact of crop production agglomeration on carbon emissions is more pronounced in the eastern and northeastern regions of China compared to the central and western areas. The study advocates for the formulation of tailored carbon reduction methods that align with the distinct attributes of crops in various locations. It promotes variety and low-carbon development in crop production to drive industrial advancement. The study advocates for enhancing cooperation among crop production enterprises across various areas to provide platforms for information exchange and technical innovation. Furthermore, it advocates for governments to design efficient methods and regulations to reduce carbon emissions in crop production.
Identification of hub programmed cell death-related genes and immune infiltration in Crohn’s disease using bioinformatics
Authors: Wang Biyao , Liu Hailing , Guo Qin , Gao Xiang , Chao Kang , Yang Qingfan
Published: December 2024

Background

Crohn’s disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by immune cell infiltration that induces persistent chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of CD. This study identified vital PCD-related genes in CD based on immune infiltration using bioinformatic analysis.

Methods

We obtained two CD datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and examined immune cell infiltration to investigate immune cell dysregulation in CD. PCD-related genes were retrieved from the GeneCards database. Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and PCD gene sets, PCD-related DEGs were identified. Candidate hub genes were identified using a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and their diagnostic effectiveness was predicted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses were used to assess the distinct roles of the hub genes. Finally, the miRWalk and ENCORI databases were used to predict which microRNAs (miRNAs) regulated the hub genes and to verify gene expression in CD colonic tissues via transcriptome sequencing.

Results

A total of 335 PCD-related DEGs and 3 hub genes (MMP1, SAA1, and PLAU) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses indicated the enrichment of these genes in the immune response. Infiltration analysis of immune cells showed abundant endothelial cells, plasma cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes in the CD samples. Based on the correlation analysis, the three hub genes were positively correlated with monocytes and negatively correlated with CD8 naïve T-cells. MMP1, SAA1, and PLAU correlated with the pathogenicity of CD and had good diagnostic value for CD. The three hub genes were highly expressed in the CD tissues, as confirmed using transcriptome sequencing.

Conclusion

This study identified MMP1, SAA1, and PLAU as hub genes involved in PCD in patients with CD. These genes regulate immune cell function and their expression levels are closely related to immune cell infiltration. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying CD pathogenesis. The identified PCD genes and regulatory miRNAs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CD.
Assessing the causal relationships between circulating metabolic biomarkers and breast cancer by using mendelian randomization
Authors: Wang Bowen , Ling Yue , Zhang Hui , Yang Ming
Published: December 2024

Objective

Previous studies have established a causal relationship between metabolites and breast cancer (BC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the genetic relationship between metabolites and BC, including its subtypes, using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

Utilizing the latest and most comprehensive summary statistics from genome-wide association studies we conducted an Mendelian randomization study. Data on 233 metabolites, used as exposure variables, were obtained from a study involving 136,016 participants. BC data, used as outcome variables, were sourced from a study comprising 122,977 cases and 105,974 controls. We used the inverse-variance weighted method as the primary approach, along with three supplementary methods, to assess the causal relationship. We also used Cochran’s Q test to detect heterogeneity and MR-Egger regression to examine the presence of horizontal pleiotropy.

Results

Upon analyzing 233 metabolites across 11 classes in relation to BC, we found six classes of metabolites (fatty acids glycerides and phospholipids, lipoprotein subclasses, lipids, apolipoproteins, and lipoprotein particle size) associated with overall BC. Five classes of metabolites (fatty acids glycerides and phospholipids, lipoprotein subclasses, lipids, and lipoprotein particle size) were related to estrogen receptor (ER) + BC, and eight classes of metabolites (fatty acids, amino acids, glycerides and phospholipids, lipoprotein subclasses, lipids, apolipoproteins, glycolysis-related metabolites, and lipoprotein particle size) were linked to ER- BC.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates a genetic causal relationship between most metabolites and BC, confirming the link between these factors. This research provides a significant foundation for the prevention and treatment of BC.