bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAFFEINE CONTENT OF TEA DETERMINED WITH HPLC-MS/MS USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHODS
Authors:   Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hungarian Line of Study, 11 Arany Janos str., RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Roumania, SZEREDAI Bettina , TŐTŐS Róbert ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hungarian Line of Study, 11 Arany Janos str., RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Roumania, SZŐKE Árpád-Ferenc ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hungarian Line of Study, 11 Arany Janos str., RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Roumania, MUNTEAN Norbert ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hungarian Line of Study, 11 Arany Janos str., RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Roumania
Published: May 2024

The effectiveness of three different caffeine extraction methods were used on commercially available tea types in Romania were compared. An HPLC-MS/MS system was used to perform the separation of the caffeine from matrix components, and the quantitative analysis. To improve the precision of the analysis, pentoxifylline was used as a novel internal standard in the process. The simple hot water extraction was compared to an organic solvent and a sodium benzoate-based eco-friendly method. Although all three methods extracted a significant amount of caffeine, the methanol-based process generally showed the best results, where extracted caffeine content varied between 21 and 36 mg/g of dried tea leaves. It was also concluded that the amount of extracted caffeine can differ greatly between methods with no clear tendency in their effectiveness, pointing to a significant effect from the physical characteristics of the tea leaves such as size, granulation and packaging style.
Sodium benzyl sulfonate functionalized-bentonite as a novel adsorbent for water softening process
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran, BEHZADI Bahman , NOEI Maziar ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of pharmaceutical chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, AZIMIL Alireza ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran, MIRZAEI Masoome ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran, ARDAKANI Hossein Anaraki ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of pharmaceutical chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2024

In this work, novel Sodium benzyl sulfonate functionalized-bentonite (SBSB) adsorbent was synthesized through the reaction of bentonite with benzyl alcohol and chlorosulfonic acid. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using Low-angle XRD, FT-IR and TGA methods, and applied for the removal of calcium and magnesium ions from water solutions. The effect of contact time and initial hardness concentration on the hardness removal eﬃciency of the prepared adsorbents were studied. It was found that the adsorption was reached the equilibrium condition within about 60 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity (52.5 mg g−1) was achieved in the hardness of 150 mg L−1. Compared to pristine bentonite, the adsorption efficiency of SBSB was significantly enhanced, which is ascribed to the presence of benzyl sulfonate functional groups on its surface. The adsorption isotherm of calcium and magnesium ions on SBSB was described by Langmuir and its adsorption kinetic behavior followed pseudo-second-order model.
Quantitative structure-activity relantionship for thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as inhibitory activities of 15-PGDH using MLR and ANN
Authors:   Laboratory of Process and Environmental Engineering (LIPE), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of Oran Mohamed BOUDIAF, USTO-MB, BP 1503, El M’naouer, 31000 Oran, Algeria; Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of Biskra, BP 145 Biskra 07000, Algeria, MEDJAHED Sihem , BELAIDI Salah ,   Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of Biskra, BP 145 Biskra 07000, Algeria, TCHOUAR Noureddine ,   Laboratory of Process and Environmental Engineering (LIPE), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of Oran Mohamed BOUDIAF, USTO-MB, BP 1503, El M’naouer, 31000 Oran, Algeria, BELAIDI Houmam ,   Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of Biskra, BP 145 Biskra 07000, Algeria, SOUALMIA Fatima ,   Laboratory of Process and Environmental Engineering (LIPE), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of Oran Mohamed BOUDIAF, USTO-MB, BP 1503, El M’naouer, 31000 Oran, Algeria, CHTITA Samir ,   Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, BP7955 Sidi Othmane, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: May 2024

Quantitative structure activity relationship studies were applied on a series of 22 molecules of thiazolidine-2,4-dione, The compounds used are potent inhibitors of the 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). The present study was performed using multiple regression analysis (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN)to predict a QSAR model using molecular descriptors. Our results suggest QSAR model based of the following descriptors: polarizability (Pol), molar volume (MV), hydration energy (HE), Surface area grid (SAG), molar weight (MW), Energy of frontier orbital’s EHOMO (The Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) and ELUMO (The Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) and atomic net charges (qN3, qC4, qC5 and qO7) for the inhibitory activities of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase. The best predictive models by MLR and ANN methods gave highly significant square correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.9623 and 0.9963 respectively. The model also exhibited good predictive power confirmed by the high value of R2pred (0.7839and 0.6324 respectively).
Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and antibacterial studies of MN4-type macrocyclic complexes of Ni(II)
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura UP-281406, INDIA, VASHISTHA Vinod Kumar , MITTAL Ankit ,   Department of Chemistry Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110032, INDIA, BALA Renu ,   Department of Chemistry, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, INDIA, DAS Dipak Kumar ,   Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura UP-281406, INDIA, SINGH Prabal Pratap ,   Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura UP-281406, INDIA
Published: May 2024

Herein, we designed and synthesized two novel MN4-type macrocyclic complexes of NiII using a simple template-based strategy. The synthesized macrocyclic complexes were characterized by using several analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The molar conductance was also measured to predict the electrolytic behavior of macrocyclic complexes. Furthermore, the complexes were subjected to electrochemical investigation utilizing cyclic voltammetric techniques. The results indicated a quasi-reversible peak for NiII/NiI redox couple with ∆Ep value is 0.195 V and E1/2 value of –0.749 V vs Ag/AgCl electrode. The complexes stabilized the unusual oxidation state of the central metal ion. In addition, both complexes were tested for their antibacterial activities against pathogens like E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, C. albicans, and P. aeruginosa, and both complexes were shown to have comparable antibacterial activity with the standard drug Gentamycin.
Synthesis, characterization and adsorption behaviors of modified bentonite towards methylene blue
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa, BP 3117, Algeria, BELBEL Abdeldjabbar , ZAOUCHE Chouaieb ,   Material Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Biskra, 07000 Biskra, Algeria, DJEBBARI Noureddine ,   Laporatory  of Separation and Puriffication Technolgies Departement of Chemistry , Tlemcen University, Box 119, Algeria
Published: May 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effect of tow surfactants hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;bromide (CTAB) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;chloride (BMIMCl) intercalation in bentonite (Bt) on methylene blue dye adsorption.The modified clays were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).The XRD analysis showed the increase of basal spacing ranged between ‎‎20.99 Å and 14.19Å for Bt-CTAB and Bt-BMIM respectively. The FTIR is another tool to investigate the presence of organic matter on the clay surface. More specifically, the results showed that the formation of new bands of vibrations (1400 –1500 cm-1 and 2800–2900 cm-1).Then the organoclays were used to the adsorption of methylene blue .In presence of surfactant the maximum adsorption capacities of Bt-CTAB and ‎Bt-BMIM according to the langmuir model were 47.186 mg.g-1 and 42.28 mg.g-1, respectively. According to the results algerian bentonite sample tested in this paper can effectively remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions.‎
Effect of Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion for Cervical Myelopathy Treatment
Authors: Md Gaousul Azam  , Moududul Haque  , Md Moshiur Rahaman  , Md Motasimul Hasan  , Md Shafiqul Islam  , Mohammad Hossain
Published: May 2024

Background: Cervical myelopathy is a common cause for neurosurgical outpatient department visit, and a substantial proportion of patient suffering from myelopathy due to cervical spondylosis has to go through surgical management, commonly anterior cervical decompression and fusion in the form of Cloward’s procedure, Smith Robinson procedure, PEEK and Titanium cage implant and fusion. A total of 23 cases were selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Method: This is a prospective study that was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Patients with cervical myelopathy undergoing anterior cervical decompression and fusion, in the form of Cloward’s procedure, Smith Robinson procedure, or Anterior Cervical Discectomy with Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Titanium cage implants in a single level for inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: This study found out that the Modified Nurick grading system is a useful tool to quantify the functional status of the patients suffering from cervical myelopathy and surgery in various forms of anterior cervical decompression and fusion has an impact on the functional status even at an early period of one month. 82.6% of the patients had functional improvement, whereas 13% remained the same. Only one out of the 23 patients deteriorated. Various methods of anterior cervical decompression and fusion or the levels of involvement did not have any statistically significant impact on improvement among the patients.
Conclusion: Anterior cervical decompression and fusion is a time-proven treatment modality for the patients suffering from cervical myelopathy owed to external compression due to spondylotic changes and Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament. The functional status of the patients that have been compromised due to the disease shows promising change even in the early period undergoing surgery.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 3-9
Vein of Galen malformation with Obstructive Hydrocephalus- Endovascular Approach of Management : A Case Report
Authors: Md Shafiqul Islam  , Md Motasimul Hasan  , Md Sumon Rana  , Md Shahnawas Biswas  , Md Shahidur Rahman Sikdar  , Muhammad Robiul Hoque  , Hojaifa Ahmad  , Md Shahid Hasan Khan  , Md Atiqur Rahman
Published: May 2024

The vein of Galen malformation is a rare arteriovenous shunt that is estimated to represent 30% of all pediatric vascular malformations. Less than 1% of cerebral vascular malformations are aneurysmal abnormalities of the vein of Galen, making it a rare disorder. Despite being uncommon, VGM is of particular clinical importance since the large cerebral shunt volume causes a significant mortality rate when left untreated because to date, the treatment of patients with VGM remains challenging. Here we report a case of an 11-month-old baby who had VGM with obstructive hydrocephalus and was effectively treated by transarterial glue embolization of the fistula and the venous sac. Subsequently, the baby made a complete recovery.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 34-40
Diagnostic Dilemma between Atypical Meningioma and Glioblastoma-Our Observation
Authors: Akhlaque Hossain Khan  , Mehedi Hasan Munna  , Muhammad Saiful Islam  , Sumaiya Rahman  , Tofayel Ahmed  , Jalal Ahmed Ripon  , Rahatul Islam  , Ariful Islam  , Abdullah Al Mamun  , Tandin Wangyel Dorji  , Anik Biswas  , Md Abu Obaida Abu Saleh , Asifur Rahman
Published: May 2024

Both meningioma and glioblastoma are very common intra-cranial neoplasm. Typically both have distinguishing clinical and radiological features which aid in diagnosis and thus pre-operative preparation, planning, counseling the patient etc. But dilemma may often arise in case of non-grade-I meningioma making confusion in favor of higher grade astrocytoma (glioblastoma). In that case total per-operative picture, surgical approach, post- operative managements, and disease prognosis will be altered. We faced such kind of confusion in a case so reported here.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 44-47
Neglected Spheno-orbital Meningioma Presenting with Unilateral Blindness
Authors: Haradhan Deb Nath  , KH Olinur Razib  , Rathin Halder  , Ataur Rahman  , Motasimul Hasan  , Abu Naim Wakil Uddin  , Md Rabiul Karim  , Sudip Barua  , SK Farhad Munir
Published: May 2024

Sphenoorbital meningiomas (SOM) constitutes 9% of all  intracranial meningiomas and are originated from sphenoid wing dura. They are also  called en plaque meningioma. They cause hyperostosis of involved bone and their  soft tissue growth may spread the orbit, the infratemporal fossa, and the temporal  fossa. Most patients with SOM are middle- aged women and most commonly presents  with unilateral, nonpulsating, progressive proptosis. Recently a woman with  unilateral progressive proptosis from a remote area of Bangladesh presented to us  with blindness of her left eye due to diagnostic delay. After thorough evaluation and  imaging studies, she was diagnosed with a large spheno-orbital meningioma with  extensive bony involvement of skull base and orbit.
Objective: This report highlights the necessity of creating awareness among  optometrists, undergraduate medical students as well as and ophthalmologists who  are practicing in remote areas of Bangladesh about clinical presentation of  sphenoorbital meningiomas which is a benign lesion but may be a cause of unilateral  blindness if remain undiagnosed for long 
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 51-54
Tính thích hợp của thông tin kế toán: Bằng chứng thực nghiệm từ thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam
Authors: Trần Thị Hằng , Trần Mạnh Dũng
Published: May 2024

Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là cung cấp bằng chứng thực nghiệm về tính thích hợp của thông tin kế toán, gồm thu nhập trên mỗi cổ phiếu (EPS), giá trị sổ sách vốn chủ sở hữu trên mỗi cổ phiếu (BVPS) của các doanh nghiệp phi tài chính niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam. Phương pháp định lượng được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này. Để thực hiện nghiên cứu này, nhóm tác giả đã thu thập dữ liệu trên vietstock.vn về EPS, BVPS và giá cổ phiếu của 296 doanh nghiệp phi tài chính niêm yết trên sàn giao dịch chứng khoán Hà Nội (HNX) và 624 doanh nghiệp phi tài chính niêm yết trên sàn giao dịch chứng khoán thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (HOSE) trong giai đoạn 2019-2022. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy EPS và BVPS đều có tính thích hợp, trong đó EPS có tính thích hợp cao hơn BVPS. Tuy nhiên, tính thích hợp của hai biến kế toán này đều đang có xu hướng giảm dần trong giai đoạn nghiên cứu. Kết quả nghiên cứu này có ý nghĩa quan trọng cho người sử dụng báo cáo tài chính, đặc biệt là nhà đầu tư.
Exploring the potential of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) as a valuable medicinal plant: a comprehensive (review)
Authors: Bourakba S. , Marakhova A. I. , Stanishevskiy Ya. M. , Vasilenko I. A. , Zhilkina V. Y.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Foeniculum vulgare Mill., commonly known as fennel or drugstore dill, is very common as one of the world's oldest spice plants, which has significant economic importance and wide application in the pharmaceutical industry. In medical practice, the fruits of this plant are mainly used, which are included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition and are a source of essential oil. They are used as an antispasmodic and carminative agent in the form of an infusion. Fennel grass harvested before flowering is used for food, as well as fruits, stems and inflorescences of the plant as a seasoning.

Text. The purpose of this study is to summarize scientific papers on the morphological characteristics, phytochemical compounds, therapeutic properties and basic mechanisms of pharmacological activity of F. vulgare. A systematic literature search was conducted using relevant keywords such as "fennel", "Foeniculum vulgare Mill.", "therapeutic" and "pharmacology" in well-known databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, EBSCO and Medline. The search covered articles published before April 25, 2023 in available journals. The results of the study showed that fennel has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial and estrogenic effects. These effects can be explained by the presence of aromatic compounds, in particular anethole, estragole and fenchone, which are abundantly present in fennel.

Conclusion. The diverse pharmacological properties and rich chemical composition of fennel make it a promising raw material for the development of new medicines. Further study of the therapeutic potential of fennel through in vivo and in vitro studies will contribute to the establishment of mechanisms of pharmacological action of biologically active substances (BAS) of fennel.
Employment of Disabled Persons with Multiple Sclerosis in the Republic of Slovenia
Authors: Weber Nana , Ahlin Doljak Sara
Published: May 2024

Education, active involvement in the workforce, and securing employment opportunities are essential pillars for individuals with disabilities to attain autonomy and self-sufficiency. However, due to lower education levels and inherent limitations, they often face barriers in securing and maintaining employment. Enhancing their employability through various training programs and raising awareness among employers about workplace accommoda-tions is essential. Slovenian legislation facilitates this but excludes individuals without recognized disability status from disability rights. This study aims to explore the disability status of indi-viduals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) under relevant legislation. It examines Slovenian disability legislation, protection, and recognition of disability for those with MS through legislation analysis and a survey of 85 adult MS Association of Slovenia members. Findings reveal disparities in rights based on the legal basis of disability status acquisition. Those under the Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities Act (ZZRZI) lack disability benefits. Consolidating relevant legislation into a unified statute for disability recognition and establishing a single MS registry is proposed. Survey results indicate an 85% disability recognition rate, with 14% full-time employees, 21.2% part-time employees, 9.4% job seekers registered with the Employment Service of Slovenia (ZRSZ), and 1.2% students among respondents. No prior research exists on MS-related employment in Slovenia, suggesting the need for future studies to monitor employment's impact on health status changes, sickness absence, workplace adjustments, employment opportunities, and suitable work environments for individuals with MS.
Psychological Toughness and its Relationship to Some Coordination, Physical Abilities and Accuracy of Some Basic Skills Performance Among The Iraqi Junior National Handball Team Players
Authors: Muttib Fouad , Hamzah Mohammed , Fadhel Muneer
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the psychological toughness (PT) and its relationship to some coordination and physical abilities, and the accuracy of some basic performance skills of the Iraqi Junior National Handball Team players. The sample consisted of 14 players which constituted 88% of the research community (18) players. The descriptive approach was used to determine the correlation between PT and some coordination and physical abilities, and accuracy of some basic performance skills with single sample design. A questionare scale, consists of 32 items was applied. Coordinations tests included ability of differentiation, ability of suitable differentiation, and ability of connectivity. Physical tests included endurance of the muscules arms, endurance strength for arms, speed power of the leg musclues, the distinctive strength of the arms, endurance of speed, and transition speed. Skill tests included passing and receiving, dribbling, passing, shooting were also applied. The results shows that the players had a high PT and a significant coordination, physical and skill performance (P<.05). All values were found significant ( P<.05). The study concluded the need to pay a close attention to the psychological aspects of the team in order to improved the players acheveiments.
Introduction: Marxifying IR, IRifying Marxism
Authors: Yalvaç Faruk , Joseph Jonathan
Published: May 2024

Although the neglect of Marxism has been a pervasive characteristic of IR theory, there has been a marked revival of interest in Marxism. Marx’s materialist insights into the general historical development of societies, as well as his critique of capitalism and political economy, have served as alternative starting points for different critical approaches to IR and offers a welcome alternative to neorealism, constructivism, and poststructuralism that have dominated IR for several decades. Marxism provides a redefinition of IR by focusing on changes in material circumstances, historical conditions, and society instead of assuming unchanging and fixed structures of anarchy or the state. Marx’s analysis and insights into the dynamics of international relations have become even more important given the ongoing crisis of neoliberal capitalism, the rise of authoritarianism, right-wing nationalist populisms, and the racial and gendered subordinations accompanying them pointing to the importance of Marxifying IR and IRifying Marxism.
Survival After Ditching in Motorized Aircraft, 1989–2022
Authors: Schick Volker C. , Boyd Douglas D. , Hippler Catherina , Hinkelbein Jochen
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION: Although an unintended aircraft landing on water (referred to as ditching) is a rare event, the potential for occupant injury/fatality increases immediately following the event due to adverse conditions. However, to date, few studies have addressed the subject. Herein, ditching events and post-ditching survival were investigated.

METHODS: Ditchings (1982–2022) in the United States were identified from the National Transportation Safety Board database. Occupant injury severity, aircraft type, pilot experience, flight conditions, and number of occupants were extracted. Poisson distribution, the Chi-squared test (2-tailed), Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance were employed.

RESULTS: A total of 96 ditchings were identified. A systematic survey was hampered by the lack of a standardized reporting matrix in the reports. In total, 77 reports were included in the analysis. Across all ditchings, 128 of 169 (76%) occupants survived ditching and were rescued. Importantly, the initial ditching event was survived by 95% of all occupants. However, 32 (19%) occupants died post-ditching by drowning (21/32 cases) or for undetermined reasons. Considering probability per ditching event, in 26 (34%) of all ditchings, one or more occupants was/were fatally injured.

DISCUSSION: Initial survival of the emergency ditching is high. Drowning was the leading cause of death after ditching and reduced the overall survival to 76%. Further investigation is needed to identify risk factors for fatal outcomes and/or improve probability of survival after ditching.

Schick VC, Boyd DD, Hippler C, Hinkelbein J. Survival after ditching in motorized aircraft, 1989–2022. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(5):254–258.
Modern Magnetic Resonance Imaging Modalities to Advance Neuroimaging in Astronauts
Authors: Berger Lila , Burles Ford , Jaswal Tejdeep , Williams Rebecca , Iaria Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION: The rapid development of the space industry requires a deeper understanding of spaceflight’s impact on the brain. MRI research reports brain volume changes following spaceflight in astronauts, potentially affecting cognition. Recently, we have demonstrated that this evidence of volumetric changes, as measured by typical T1-weighted sequences (e.g., magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo sequence; MPRAGE), is error-prone due to the microgravity-related redistribution of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. More modern neuroimaging methods, particularly dual-echo MPRAGE (DEMPRAGE) and magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo sequence utilizing two inversion pulses (MP2RAGE), have been suggested to be resilient to this error. Here, we tested if these imaging modalities offered consistent segmentation performance improvements in some commonly employed neuroimaging software packages.

METHODS: We conducted manual gray matter tissue segmentation in traditional T1w MRI images to utilize for comparison. Automated tissue segmentation was performed for traditional T1w imaging, as well as on DEMPRAGE and MP2RAGE images from the same subjects. Statistical analysis involved a comparison of total gray matter volumes for each modality, and the extent of tissue segmentation agreement was assessed using a test of similarity (Dice coefficient).

RESULTS: Neither DEMPRAGE nor MP2RAGE exhibited consistent segmentation performance across all toolboxes tested.

DISCUSSION: This research indicates that customized data collection and processing methods are necessary for reliable and valid structural MRI segmentation in astronauts, as current methods provide erroneous classification and hence inaccurate claims of neuroplastic brain changes in the astronaut population.

Berger L, Burles F, Jaswal T, Williams R, Iaria G. Modern magnetic resonance imaging modalities to advance neuroimaging in astronauts. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(5):245–253.
Fatigue Risk Management Preferences for Consumer Sleep Technologies and Data Sharing in Aviation
Authors: Devine Jaime K. , Choynowski Jake , Hursh Steven R.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION: Employees from any type of aviation services industry were asked to give their opinions about the usefulness of consumer sleep technologies (CSTs) during operations and their willingness to share data from CSTs with their organizations for fatigue risk management purposes under a variety of circumstances.

METHODS: Respondents provided information about position in aviation and use of CST devices. Respondents ranked sleep issues and feedback metrics by perceived level of importance to operational performance. Respondents rated their likelihood to share data with their organization under a series of hypothetical situations.

RESULTS: Between January-July 2023, 149 (N = 149) aviation professionals responded. Pilots comprised 72% (N = 108) of respondents; 84% (N = 125) of all respondents worked short- or medium-haul operations. “Nighttime operations” and “inconsistent sleep routines” ranked as the most important issues affecting sleep. “Sleep quality history” and “projected alertness levels” ranked as most important feedback metrics for personal management of fatigue. Respondents were split between CST users (N = 64) and nonusers (N = 68). CST users did not indicate a strong preference for a specific device brand. The most-reported reason for not using a CST was due to not owning one or no perceived need. Respondents indicated greater likelihood of data sharing under conditions where the device was provided to them by their organization.

DISCUSSION: These results suggest that aviation professionals are more concerned about schedule-related disturbances to sleep than they are about endogenous sleep problems. Organizations may be able to increase compliance to data collection for fatigue risk management by providing employees with company-owned CSTs of any brand.

Devine JK, Choynowski J, Hursh SR. Fatigue risk management preferences for consumer sleep technologies and data sharing in aviation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(5):265–272.
REVALUASI AKTIVITAS DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI SETELAH PANDEMI COVID-19 UNTUK NEGARA BERKEMBANG
Authors: Purba Noir Primadona , Faizal Ibnu
Published: May 2024

The higher education academic system has been affected due to COVID-19 Pandemic. Nowadays, the adjustment in curriculum and research adapt to the pandemic and be used in the future. The research aims to give an evaluation in education and research system in higher education during the pandemic. Moreover, this approach can give the direction for changes and adaptations for this era. The research method uses article reviews in several reputable journal websites, reports, and government regulation continued with comparative analysis. The result is the higher education has affected severely during the pandemic. Tridharma activities need to be evaluated to accommodate the best solving problem for this problem. Almost all Universities in Indonesia has changed their learning system to online and limited research conducted. Furthermore, the biggest challenge lies in internet connection and technology knowledge. In the end, complete evaluation becomes an obligation to fulfil the new learning system before being implemented after the pandemic. Technology investment and quality assurance also need to consider to decide the best learning method for the future.
KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN HARGA SEBAGAI PENENTU KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MINUMAN KOPI
Authors: Khusaini Khusaini , Mawaddah Siti Nurul , Widiarti Aniek
Published: May 2024

Purchasing decision is the process of consumers who will make a purchase of a product, taking into account the various alternative options available to produce a choice that is considered the most appropriate for the product that consumers will buy. We used cosumers of the Starbucks Coffee Tangcity Mall Tangerang and Starbucks Coffee DT Cipondoh as the infinite populations. The samples size were 96 unit by simple random technique. Collecting data using a questionnaire that has been valid and reliable. The data analysis technique is simple linear regression. The results showed that the service quality and price determined significantly to the starbucks consumer purchasing decisions. In contrats, brand image had no effect on it. The findings of the cuurent research contribute to the improvement of consumer behavior literature. The empirical contribution is in the form of the importance of boosting and taking care of the quality of sales services.
Belt Road initiative(BRI):Global Strategy of Economic & Politic Made in China
Authors: Jim Hoy Yam
Published: May 2024

This article is a brief exploring of BRI (Belt Road Initiative) which is launched on 2013 in China and worked by double spearheads covered global economic and politic relationship of counterpart countries. By the record, BRI has 139 counterpart countries in the world. It shown quite succeed endeavor; since China achieve it in short time, relatively. Some highlight points of the exploring are the sense of initiative regarding to raise up historical memories of Silk Road and basic international trade theory of Comparative Advantage, which is innovated and applied on contemporary global economic and politic practices. At the eventually, this paper is concluded that BRIâ€™s way is worth to be adopted as a model to build an advantage business strategy.
PENGARUH LATIHAN BEBAN MELALUI METODE CIRCUIT TRAINING DAN SUPER SET TERHADAP PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN DAN PRESENTASE LEMAK PADA MEMBER EKA GYM SPORT CENTER
Authors: Nugraha Faizal Eka
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Latihan Beban Melalui Metode Circuit Training Dan Super Set Terhadap Penurunan Berat Badan Dan Presentase Lemak Pada Member Eka Gym Sport Center. Penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimen dengan desain penelitian yang di gunakan yaitu pretest- posttest. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa:(1) Latihan menggunakan metode circuit weight training ada pengaruh yaitu pada berat badan sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan metode circuit weight training sebesar 9% dan prosentase lemak sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan metode circuit weight training sebesar 36 %. (2) Latihan menggunakan metode super set ada pengaruh pada berat badan sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan metode super set sebesar 6 % dan persentase lemak sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan metode super set sebesar 21 %.(3) Metode circuit weight training lebih efektif dari pada metode super set untuk menurunkan berat badan dan prosentase lemak. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai prosentase pada penurunan berat badan antara metode circuit weight training dengan metode super set sebesar 9 % yang lebih besar dari 6 % dan nilai prosentase penurunan prosentase lemak antara metode circuit weight training dengan metode super set sebesar 36 % yang lebih besar dari 21 %.
Pengaruh Minat dan Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Matematika secara Daring
Authors: Tirtayasa Fajar , Kusumah Yaya S , Suhendra Suhendra
Published: May 2024

Pencapaian hasil belajar siswa tidak terlepas dari faktor minat mereka terhadap bidang yang mereka pelajari dan kemandirian belajar ketika mereka mempelajari bidang tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh minat dan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika secara daring. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain penelitian survei dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode deskriptif korelasional. Subjek penelitian yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang siswa kelas IX di salah satu sekolah menengah pertama di Kota Bandung yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui angket, tes, dan wawancara. Angket digunakan untuk memperoleh data minat dan kemandirian belajar, tes digunakan untuk memperoleh data hasil belajar siswa, sedangkan wawancara digunakan untuk mendukung dan memperkuat hasil angket. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi yang mensyaratkan perlu terpenuhinya uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) minat belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika secara daring; (2) kemandirian belajar tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika secara daring; dan (3) minat dan kemandirian belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika secara daring.
Analisis Penyelesaian Soal Cerita Tipe HOTS Berdasarkan Kategori Kesalahan Watson
Authors: Septian R Teddy
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita tipe High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) berdasarkan kategori kesalahan Watson beserta penyebabnya. Penyebab siswa melakukan kesalahan ditelusuri dengan berpedoman pada segitiga didaktis yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu Hubungan Didaktis (siswa-materi), Hubungan Pedagogis (siswa-guru) dan Hubungan Antisipasi Didaktis-Pedagogis (guru-materi).Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif berjenis studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara triangulasi yaitu dengan menggunakan instrument tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa delapan jenis kesalahan berdasarkan kategori kesalahan Watson muncul dalam penyelesaian soal cerita tipe HOTS. Kesalahan tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya masalah pada Hubungan Didaktis, Hubungan Pedagogis dan Hubungan Antisipasi Didaktis-Pedagogis.
OPTIMALISASI KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU SEBAGAI SARANA PENGUATAN KARAKTER SISWA MELALUI KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN DI SDN TUIS II KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Achmad Jati Purnama , Rahmawati Euis , Pribadi Reksa Adya
Published: May 2024

Kompetensi merupakan kemapuan terhadap suatu tugas, keterampilan, sikap, dan semua aktivitas yang diperlukan untuk mendukung suatu keberhasilan. Melalui optimalisasi kompetensi pedagogik diharapkan guru mampu membangun pengalaman belajar yang optimal dengan menjadikan sebuah proses pembelajaran sebagai sarana penguatan karakter melalui kegiatan belajar tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini  adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses penguatan karakter siswa melalui implementasi kompetensi pedagogik guru dan bagaimana hasil dari optimalisasi dan implementasi kompetensi pedagogik guru terhadap karakter siswa. Di dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengguanakan metode observasi dan wawancara. Selanjutnya reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi dilakukan sebagai langkah dalam teknik analisis data. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan hasil dari optimalisasi dan implementasi kompetensi pedagogik guru terhadap karakter siswa sudah baik dimana siswa mengalami perubahan dalam penerimaan materi dari guru, Siswa lebih mengerti dan memulai untuk penerapan karakter baik, Siswa lebih tertib selama berlangsungnya kegiatan pembelajaran, dan Siswa menunjukkan rasa patuh terhadap peraturan di sekolah.
Análise temporal da prevalência de hipertensão arterial no Brasil entre 2006 e 2023: evidências a partir dos dados do Vigitel
Authors: Migowski Arn , Tavares Lameiro da Costa Gustavo
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma das doenças mais prevalentes no Brasil e no mundo, sendo ainda uma das mais importantes comorbidades em outras doenças crônicas e também um dos principais fatores de risco em doenças cardiovasculares. Por isso, o estudo da prevalência da HAS numa população é fundamental para o planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação das ações para sua prevenção e controle. O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever a série histórica de prevalência de hipertensão arterial no Brasil entre 2006 e 2023, tanto para toda a população elegível da pesquisa, quanto de forma estratificada por sexo, faixas etárias, escolaridade, raça/cor, regiões e capitais brasileiras. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: As fontes de dados utilizadas foram todas as edições do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel). As análises foram realizadas com o auxílio do programa estatístico SAS on demand. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de uso de medicamento para HAS em 2023 foi a maior de toda a série histórica em todas as regiões do país, exceto a região Norte, onde 2023 ficou em segundo lugar, atrás apenas do ano anterior da pesquisa. O penúltimo ano da pesquisa (2021) foi o que teve a segunda maior prevalência estimada da série histórica nas regiões Nordeste, Sudeste e Sul. A prevalência de HAS em 2023 seria ainda maior se considerássemos apenas indivíduos entrevistados por telefone fixo como ocorreu nos anos anteriores da série histórica. A faixa populacional com menor nível de escolaridade apresentou a maior prevalência de HAS ao longo de todo o período analisado. O município do Rio de Janeiro se destaca como o de maior prevalência de HAS dentre todas as capitais do país em 82,4% dos anos da série histórica, inclusive nos últimos oito anos da pesquisa. CONCLUSÕES: A presente análise da série histórica do inquérito Vigitel indica que desde 2021 a prevalência de HAS tem sido maior no geral e em praticamente todos os subgrupos estudados, tendo 2023 como o pior ano da história da pesquisa.
Inverted “U” of fear: The paradox of conflict exposure and expected victimization in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Tuki Daniel
Published: May 2024

Using novel survey data collected from the Northern Nigerian state of Kaduna, this study examines the effect of exposure to violent conflict on people’s expectation of being directly affected by violent conflict in the future. The regression results show that there is a curvilinear relationship akin to an inverted “U” between conflict exposure and expected victimization. This suggests that at low levels of conflict exposure, people worry that they will be victimized. As conflict exposure increases, so does their fear of being victimized. This persists until the point at which expected victimization peaks. Further exposure to violent conflict beyond this peak leads to a decline in expected victimization. The decline after the peak might be because the threat of violent conflict prompts people to rely more heavily on their ethnoreligious kinship ties for both material and non-material support, which in turn attenuates their fear of being victimized.
Shifts in the functional capacity and metabolite composition of the gut microbiome during recovery from enteric infection
Authors: Hansen Zoe A. , Schilmiller Anthony L. , Guzior Douglas V. , Rudrik James T. , Quinn Robert A. , Vasco Karla A. , Manning Shannon D.
Published: May 2024

While enteric pathogens have been widely studied for their roles in causing foodborne infection, their impacts on the gut microbial community have yet to be fully characterized. Previous work has identified notable changes in the gut microbiome related to pathogen invasion, both taxonomically and genetically. Characterization of the metabolic landscape during and after enteric infection, however, has not been explored. Consequently, we investigated the metabolome of paired stools recovered from 60 patients (cases) during and after recovery from enteric bacterial infections (follow-ups). Shotgun metagenomics was applied to predict functional microbial pathways combined with untargeted metametabolomics classified by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Notably, cases had a greater overall metabolic capacity with significantly higher pathway richness and evenness relative to the follow-ups (p<0.05). Metabolic pathways related to central carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis were more highly represented in cases and distinct signatures for menaquinone production were detected. By contrast, the follow-up samples had a more diverse metabolic landscape with enhanced richness of polar metabolites (p<0.0001) and significantly greater richness, evenness, and overall diversity of nonpolar metabolites (p<0.0001). Although many metabolites could not be annotated with existing databases, a marked increase in certain clusters of metabolites was observed in the follow-up samples when compared to the case samples and vice versa. These findings suggest the importance of key metabolites in gut health and recovery and enhance understanding of metabolic fluctuations during enteric infections.
Rewilding landscapes with apex predators: cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) movements reveal the importance of environmental and individual contexts
Authors: Dimbleby James , Cristescu Bogdan , Bandyopadhyay Kathan , Rooney Nicola Jane , Marker Laurie
Published: May 2024

Rewilding landscapes through species or population restoration is an increasingly applied practice in biological conservation. There is expanding interest in wildlife release projects for apex predator population augmentation or reintroductions in historical ranges. Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) are an IUCN Vulnerable-listed species with a declining global population facing major threats, which in southern Africa primarily include lethal persecution on livestock farms and bush encroachment transforming open habitats to woody areas. We used GPS radiocollars to monitor ten adult cheetahs from 2007 – 2018 in the Central Plateau of Namibia encompassing an area restored as an open savanna field (13.7 km2) located in a matrix of woodland savanna affected by bush encroachment. We generated a set of a priori hypotheses that tested the effects of various factors on cheetah movements indexed by step length. We compared cheetah movement metrics based on their history as wild, rehabilitated, and/or translocated individuals. Day/night activity, habitat type, and habitat edges were significant predictors of cheetah movement. Wild resident cheetahs displayed significantly longer steps than the other cheetah classes, possibly suggesting increased territorial behaviour in response to the presence of introduced cheetahs. Some cheetahs temporally segregated by moving extensively during daytime, but most individuals were primarily active during crepuscular periods. Small prey remained constant across time, whereas large prey declined over the study period. Cheetahs appeared to adjust behaviourally by increasing movements in years when large prey were scarce. Cheetahs appeared to be ecologically adaptable and behaviourally flexible in response to varying prey populations and when translocated to new environments, specifically at the interface between bush-encroached woodland and open savanna. Environmental settings and animal history need to be carefully considered in rewilding and ecosystem restoration, and monitoring of released and resident individuals, if present, is important to understand ecological dynamics at release sites.