bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUSTOMER LOYALTY: IMPROVE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT THAT IMPACT THE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Authors: Muang Muh. Shadri Kahar , Setiawan Edi Indra , Masati Rikal Fajar
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of customer relationship management consisting of people, processes, on customer satisfaction and loyalty in Palopo City . This study uses a quantitative research approach by examining specific populations or samples, sampling techniques are generally carried out randomly, collecting data using research instruments, statistical data analysis with the aim of testing hypotheses that have been set using Smart PLS 3.2.8 software . The results showed that the customer relationship management variable which consists of people, processes, and technology has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. Customer relationship management consisting of people, processes, and technology has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty, while satisfaction has a positive but not significant effect on customer loyalty. The indirect effect (mediation) shows that satisfaction can mediate the influence of customer relationship management consisting of people, processes, and technology on customer loyalty.
AL-ADL SEBAGAI UNSUR HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM PADA IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN TAX AMNESTY DI TERNATE
Authors: Awaluddin Murtiadi , Rusydi Bahrul Ulum , Kara Muslimin , Maznawati Elvi Syahria
Published: October 2022

Tax Amnesty is a momentum for the government in addition to attracting funds or assets of Indonesian citizens both inside and outside of the country that have not been reported by the taxpayer, and indirectly could provide income to state revenues from the tax sector. The purpose of this study is to identify tax policies regarding Tax Amnesty in terms of al-‘Adl. The research used was field research (descriptive qualitative field research). This research using phenomenology research. Data collection methods obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The location in this study is in Ternate city. The results showed that Tax Amnesty gives rights to each owner through the Tax Amnesty facility including the elimination of the tax that should be owed, the elimination of administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions in the field of taxation. Another benefit gained is making individual and corporate taxpayers to be more transparent in conducting tax governance in accordingg tax laws.
WASIAT DALAM SISTEM PEMBAGIAN HARTA PENINGGALAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Adliyah Nurul
Published: October 2022

Wasiat sangat penting untuk mencegah kekacauan dan perpecahan dalam keluarga karena mungkin ada anggota keluarga yang emosional dalam menanggapi masalah pembagian warisan, terutama jika sebagian harta diberikan kepada pihak lain (bukan keluarga). Dalam ruang lingkup hukum Indonesia aturan tersebut masih bersifat pluralisme karena sampai saat ini terdapat tiga macam hukum yang mengatur tentang kewarisan, yaitu hukum adat, hukum Islam, dan hukum barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan wasiat dalam sistem pembagian warisan menurut hukum Islam. Bagaimana hukum Islam menjadi dasar pelaksanaan wasiat dari ahli waris? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu mencoba memanfaatkan data dan referensi yang relevan dengan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini, yang kemudian diterjemahkan, dianalisis, dan disimpulkan.
JUAL BELI DROPSHIPPING DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Akbar Muh.
Published: October 2022

The research seeks to obtain and describe data regarding the sale and purchase of dropshipping in Islamic law. Research Results: 1) In practice, the buyer transfers a certain amount of money in cash then from the money the dropshipper buys the goods to the agent, then the agent will send the goods but the delivery not on behalf of the agent but on behalf of the dropshipper because the product actually owned by the dropshipper. 2) Online dropshipping trading transactions according to Islamic law are permitted as long as they meet the principles and requirements of the sale and purchase, until there was a special argument that prohibits the transaction in Islam. The rule of law of muamalah in Islam was  permissible as long as there was an argument or nash of shari that prohibits the muamalah, dropshipping trading does not violate sharia provisions. 3) Advantages of buying and selling through online dropshipping transactions. Buying and selling dropshipping online can boost sales of more products to buyers through existing marketers. There are several disadvantages or drawbacks to the dropshipping business owner, namely: The risk for a dropshipping owner was a bet because marketers can over-claim their products. Research implications that the author can convey in this study are several ways of online business that can be compared with dropshipping: Providing procurement services. So the seller can offer services to others for the procurement of the goods they need. Become an authorized agent and distributor.
PILIHAN SENGKETA EKONOMI SYARIAH: KONSEP MELALUI LITIGASI Dan NON LITIGASI
Authors: Hendrianto Hendrianto
Published: October 2022

This study aims to reveal the comparative norms of sharia economic dispute resolution through litigation and non-litigation, both in terms of settlement time, costs, procedures, settlement institutions, enforcement of rights, and justice.research (Library Library Research Research) Thisuses documentation data collection techniques with data analysis, namely comparative analysis. The results showed that both litigation and non-litigation attempt to apply legal justice in resolving cases. While the differences exist in terms of the relatively long settlement time through litigation, the cost of cases through litigation is relatively expensive, procedures through formal litigation while informal non-litigation, there is only one litigation settlement institution, namely the court, while non-litigation has more variations in deliberation, consultation, mediation, conciliation or assessment of experts and arbitrator, litigation is the enforcement of rights, while non-litigation is not, and through litigation feels less justice, while non-litigation prioritizes the agreement of both parties.
Advertisement from the Minister of Heath Regarding Multimodal Analysis in COVID-19
Authors: Nasution Mutia Nursyafitri , Perangin angin Alemina Br. , Mono Umar
Published: October 2022

This study talks about how to use multimodal analysis in a covid-19 advertisement. This study is trying to figure out what the covid-19 ad looks like and how it makes you think. It also wants to look at the linguistic and visual aspects of the messages. This is how the research was done: It used a qualitative method, which meant that the data were taken from YouTube and then turned into five images. This study uses Halliday's theory to figure out how Cheong talks and uses visual elements (GSP). In the covid-19 ad, there are visible and linguistic elements that show the process of GSP. As you can see, there are five leads, one display, five primary announcements, five secondary announcements, one call and visit, and one tag for each. Material Process 11, Actors 6, Circumstances 3, Location 1, and Goals 10 are all parts of the linguistic ideation function.
The Effect of Using Herringbone Technique (HT) and Numbered Head Together Technique (NHTT) for Elementary Students’ Reading Comprehension Skill
Authors: Tampubolon Nova Claudia , Pasaribu Arsen Nahum
Published: October 2022

This research presents a research report on the using of applying Herringbone Technique and Numbered Head Together Technique for students reading skill at  SD Kalam Kudus 2 Medan . The objective is to find out the effect of using Herringbone Technique and Numbered Head Together Technique on students reading skill. The subjects of the study were grade 3 students of SD Kalam Kudus. They were divided into three groups. The first and the second groups are (Experimental Group). They were taught by Herringbone Technique and Numbered Head Together Technique in reading recount text, while the third group (Control Group) was taught by Herringbone Technique and Numbered Head Together Technique. The technique of data analysis used t-test. In analyzing the data the mean of the students score for pre-test in experimental group one (Herringbone Technique) is 59.16 the mean of the students score for post-test in experimental group two is 91.83. The mean of the students score for pre-test in experimental group two (Numbered Head Together Technique) is 45 the mean of the students score for post-test  in experimental group two is 69.16. The mean for pre-test in control group is 46.66, and the mean for post-test in control group two is 56.16. The conclusion is that the using of Herringbone Technique is more effective than Numbered Head Together Technique.  It is suggested than teachers should apply this technique as one of technique to improve students’ comprehension in reading text.
Systematic Literature Review: Online Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nugroho Nugroho
Published: October 2022

This research was conducted in the odd semester of 2021-2022. The approach used is a systematic literature review. This study followed the seven stages of Petticrew and Roberts’s systematic review: defining the research question or hypothesis, determining the type of study, conducting a comprehensive literature search, filtering the search results, assessing the included studies, and synthesizing the studies. and assessing heterogeneity among studies(Petticrew & Roberts, 2006). The researcher used Publish or Perish and Atlas.ti 8 to help this study. This study aims to determine the form and effectiveness of the influence of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study found that there were psychological and physical effects and learning outcomes of students during online learning. This study also found several strategies used during online learning. This study suggests that the government through universities should provide adequate infrastructure for lecturers and students to organize online learning during Covid-19. Standards for organizing and training for lecturers to organize online learning should be carried out as soon as possible. Counseling guidance for students who have problems needs to be prepared by both the government and universities.
Using Flipbooks in English Lessons for Formative Assessment in a Junior High School
Authors: Sa'adah Fitriyatus , Lestari Lies Amin , Munir Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Many studies use a developmental design for media such as flipbooks, but there is small research that focuses on the implementation of flipbooks for English lessons for formative assessment. This study aims to explain the procedure and the experience of using flipbooks for English lessons for formative assessment because it is fully integrated into the teaching and learning process. A teacher and 8_grade students taking an International Class Program (ICP) were observed and interviewed. This study shows that the implementation of using flipbooks for learning English for formative assessment can be implemented well in schools that have technological means to support them. Some students feel like it is fun and practical to use flipbooks but there are also some who even feel uncomfortable using flipbooks.
The Potrayal of Peace Values Embedded in the Indonesian ELT Textbook as a Site of Character Education for Secondary High School Students
Authors: Arif Dimas
Published: October 2022

Abstract  This study examined what peace values are represented in English textbook for Tenth-Grade Senior High School students published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia by using visual semiotics of Roland Barthes. The study explored visual images about peace values in English textbook for tenth-grade Senior High School students to be analyzed by using of Roland Barthes’s theory of visual semiotics which develop two aspects in visual semiotics’ meaning-making: denotation and connotation are to expose the image representation in the form of ideas and values within it. The findings show that there are three categories of peace values represented in the English. The most represented peace values can be found in the target textbook is social peace. On the other hand, peace with nature were seriously under-represented through images in the target textbook. Therefore, an innovative way from English teachers in delivering vary teaching and learning activities related to the images given in the textbook is absolutely essential for the students implement character building proposed by ministry of education in their daily lives.
Arousing Children's Motivation in Learning English during the Corona Virus Outbreak
Authors: Annisa Eleska Sukma
Published: October 2022

Motivation is an important factor that determines a learner success in learning English. The purpose of this study is to find the teaching strategies to arouse young learner motivation in learning English during the corona virus outbreak in SDN 1 Singopuran. This is descriptive qualitative research in which the subject is an English teacher at SDN 1 Singopuran. The data were collected through observation, interview, and document analysis. They were then analyzed using descriptive interactive method. To maintain the data credibility, the research applied this theory to obtain data from various sources by different studies, having an interview with one of the English teacher and comparing the results of interviews with data obtained from observations. The results showed that the strategies to motivate young learners to learn English during the corona virus outbreak in SDN 1 Singopuran by using educational books, flashcards, songs, pictures, and giving rewards to increase their knowledge with quizzes related to materials and pictures.
Grice's Types of Maxims in "Willoughbhys" Movie
Authors: Sidabutar Kristin Enjelina
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to find out the cooperative principle using the types of maxims. The main theory used in this study purposed by Grice (1975) the cooperative principle. And for the research design this study applied the descriptive qualitative as the method. As for collecting the data the researcher applied the theory of observational method and non-participatory technique by (Sudaryanto, 2015). Moreover, in analyzing the data the method of pragmatic identity and the technique pragmatic competence- in equalizing were used in this study. And all of the theories were applied to the movie titled “Willoughbys”. The findings of this study indicated that the characters in the film adopted four types of maxims they are maxims of quality, maxims of quantity, maxims of relation, and maxims of manner. The maxims of quality showed as the most frequent types, appearing six times. And the quantity maxims occurred four times. The relation maxims occurred four times. Finally, the maxims of manner emerged as the least number of maxims types, with three appearances.Keywords: cooperative principle, maxim, pragmatics
Students’ Motivation in Learning English through Hybrid Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic at Vocational High School
Authors: Bai Ka
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the students' motivation in learning English through hybrid learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data needed in the study was  numerical, hich analyzed descriptively. The population of the study was 708 students of the Private Senior Vocational School Muhammadiyah 2 Makassar in the academic year of 2021/2022. The sample of the research was 10% of the population, namely 70 students derived randomly. The data were collected through a questionnaire, compiled by using the Likert scale system. The data were analyzed in frequency, percentage, and mean score.The results showed that the student’s motivation in learning English through the implementation of hybrid learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Makassar was classified as a high category.
The Representation of South Korean Culture and History in the Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo TV Series
Authors: Lestari Puji , Sihombing Lambok Hermanto
Published: October 2022

This research explores the film's portrayal of South Korea. This research focuses on the scene in Moon Lovers that depicts South Korean history and culture. The qualitative approach is used to analyze the data in this study. The dataset was taken from the scenes on Moon Lovers, korea.net, and any other journal articles. The theories applied include Mise en Scene approach, Stuart Hall's representation theory and cultural theory. As a result, the outcome of this study reveals a detailed and recognized picture of South Korean history and culture.
Types of Presupposition in “BBC” Instagram Social Media
Authors: Ambarita Sani , Johan Mhd
Published: October 2022

This research describes about usage and type of presupposition found in “BBC” twitter. The aim of this research is to find out the types of presupposition and the usage of this presupposition found in the “BBC.” Type of presupposition can be found in the BBC’s feed. The theory that the researcher used in this study is Yule (2010). The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method. With the data collection method is by observation. The researcher used non participatory to collect the data that means the researcher did not involve to analyze the data. There are 32 data which has relation to the type of presupposition in “BBC” Twitter Social Media. Lexical is about 10 data, 6 data contains factive, 5 data is structural, 5 data for non factive, 3 data for existential, 3 data for counter factual. The researcher also found the usage of presupposition. They are Conciseness, Interestingness, Enlargement, Emphasis, Euphemism, Concealment, Persuasion, Self- protection..
The Use of Metaphors in Malcolm X Speech Entitled the Black Revolution
Authors: Wahyudi Yashinta Nur , - Wijayadi , Wijaya Armeria
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the metaphor in Malcolm X's speech entitled The Black Revolution. The method used is qualitative descriptive method using the theory of Lakoff and Johnson (2003) and strengthened by the theory of Saeed (2005) in describing the characteristics contained in the metaphor. This analysis aims to identify the metaphors contained in Malcolm X's speech. The Black Revolution explains how oppression and injustice have been accepted by the black community in America over the years. The results of the research are Structural, Orientation, and Ontological metaphors. The most dominant metaphor used in speech is structural metaphor. Then there are the characteristics of Conventional, Systematic, Asymmetric, and Abstraction. The most dominant characteristic in speech is the systematic one.
The Importance of Parental Involvement on Students’ Speaking Achievement
Authors: Putri Olivia Heluri Yolanda , Hamamah Hamamah , Perdhani Widya Caterine
Published: October 2022

This research article explores the importance of parental involvement on students’ speaking achievement. The researchers demonstrate how parental involvement in children’s learning process can lead to numerous benefits for both children and parents, educators, and also school; including speaking achievement in English subject area. In this global era, Indonesian students are expected to master English as stated in the curriculum. Speaking is an essential skill in English to help students facing the global era in order to build relationships with other people around the world. Sometimes students have difficulties in practicing their speaking skills. This may be due to the lack of involvement of parents in the children’s learning process. Parents should encourage their children to be fluent in English as one of the international languages which are needed to find a job and pursue further education. As a result, it is not only parents that become the crucial components in educating students to create a better achievement but also school and community matters. Thus, the involvement of parents is needed to play an active role in collaboration with school and community to help students to be actively participating in the learning process to increase students’ speaking achievement.
Students’ Perceptual Experience on Using Video in Learning English Vocabulary
Authors: Fitransah Angga , Sukristiningsih Sukristiningsih , Mofu Hengki , Sahid Suardi
Published: October 2022

Learning a language requires a large range of vocabulary in its language to position a learner on the communication level. Consequently, teaching vocabulary is spotted as important since it is becoming a key component of language proficiency and as basis of learners to develop their listening, speaking, reading and writing. Media in teaching vocabulary becomes significant as media existence is to help teachers to deliver the topic and help learners to easily understand the topic. There are many types of media available, and video is one of them. The recent study focuses on students’ perceptual experience on using video in learning English vocabulary at the 10th grade students of SMA Oikoumene in Manokwari, Papua Barat Province, and the hindrance faced by students. Therefore, to meet the aims, a questionnaire and an open-ended question were employed to collect the data from 23 participants filled the questionnaire and 10 participants interviewed. There were 20 items on the questionnaire which grouped into three themes namely general information related to the use of video in learning vocabulary, using video support students’ learning, and video motivate students. The data presented that the score of each theme was 3.00 which categorized as positive, and the biggest obstacle faced by students were the unstable internet networking and run out of credit. Finally, the use of video in teaching English at SMA Oikoumene Manokwari has to be kept up due to support and motivate students learning.
The Directive Acts in Joker 2019 Movie
Authors: Sitanggang Willy , Afriana Afriana
Published: October 2022

This article represented the study of pragmatic to investigate directive act. The purpose of investigation is to find out the types of directive acts on movie “Joker 2019”. The researchers applied theory ofAllan (1997)about directive act. The researchdesignpresented in  the qualitative method.In collecting the data, the researchersappliedobservational method and note-taking technique. In analyzing the data,the researchers applied pragmatic identity method and classify technique by sudaryanto. In the analysis, the researchers found the types of directive speech act. This research had 15 data from types of directive speech acts which was separated into requestives (4 data), requirements (2 data), questions(2 data), prohibitives (2 data), permissives (1 data) and advisories.
The Efficacy of Using Digital Comics in Reading Class to Senior High School Students
Authors: Taka Soleman Dapa
Published: October 2022

This research aims at finding out the efficacy of using Digital Comics in teaching reading to senior high school students. The main question of this research: Is the use of Digital Comics effective in teaching reading to senior high school students?  The research can be an addition to the persisting teaching reading of English particularly the use of the Digital Comics.  This research was conducted at the tenth-grade students at SMA Kristen Mercusuar Kupang, an Indonesian senior High School. The total number of samples was 25 students. The research used a pre-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design. The pre-test was given to find out the basic ability of the students in reading and the post-test given to find out the students’ improvement in reading after giving the treatment by using Digital Comics as media. The findings show that using the digital comics as media is effective in teaching reading to senior high school students. It is supported by the result of the significance test through SPSS 20 program that the P was 0.00.  Therefore, it is recommended to use the digital comics in developing students’ competence in reading class of senior high school students.
Utilization of WhatsApp in English for Islamic Education Learning as a Media of Communication between Lecturers and Students
Authors: Al Hamdany Muhammad Zuljalal
Published: October 2022

WhatsApp is one of the most popular application used by students and lecturers. WhatsApp application gives convenience in interacting and communicating. This research aimed at determining the use of WhatsApp as a medium of communication between lecturers and students in supporting English learning activities at Islamic Education Study Program. The research method applied is quantitative research. The data source is 60 students from IAIN Palopo. This research used the Google form media in survey. The results show that most of the students felt that it was easier for them to communicate and support learning activities compared to other online media. Furthermore, more than 80% of students stated that the application of WhatsApp had a positive impact on their learning activities and supported the improvement of their communication with lecturers. So, WhatsApp is one of the media that has advantages including facilitating communication and supporting learning activities. The ease in using WhatsApp makes students feel helped by this application and becomes one of the important and preferred means of communication for students
The Effect of Home Visit Strategy on Reading Comprehension Of the Fifth Grade Students
Authors: Hermini Hermini , Sulamseh Sulamseh , Paldy Paldy , Crestiani Juwita
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the home visit strategy on the reading comprehension of the fifth grade students at SDN 188 Manunggal. This research is an ex-post facto research type. The population in this research was 16 students and the sample was taken by totaling sampling. The data were collected by questionnaires and  tests. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results shows that there was an effect of the home visit strategy toward the reading comprehension of the fifth grade students of SDN 188 Manunggal, it is indicated by r-count 0.107 < r-table 0.497 with a significance level of 5% and the number N = 16 with a significance value of 0.693 > 0.05. So  the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted and the hypothesis (H0) is rejected.  The level of closeness between the comprehension test and student responses shows that there is an influence by the point 0.600-0.799 on the strong category. It can be concluded that there is a significant effect between the home visit strategy toward the students' reading comprehension   of  the fifth grade students at SDN 188 Manunggal.
Persepsi Siswa Sekolah Dasar terhadap Mata Pelajaran Matematika saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jalal Novita Maulidya
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to describe the perception of elementary school students toward Mathematics Subjects during the Covid 19 Pandemic. The research design used was descriptive quantitative. The population in this study were fifth-grade students at Y Elementary School in Makassar, with a sample of 4 fifth-grade subjects who were willing to be interviewed related to research and conducting online learning. The data collection technique used questionnaires and was deepened by interviews. The data analysis technique used is the percentage technique. The results showed that 50% of the subjects had a perception of mathematics as a fairly difficult subject. 75% of the subjects considered Mathematics to be important, and 50% of the subjects had an experience obtaining low scores in Mathematics. Furthermore, the subjects generally stated that they had more difficulty understanding the material. Mathematics lessons while studying online during the pandemic 19. Efforts are being made by asking parents at home and teachers.
Diseño infoxicado
Authors: Rodríguez Carlos Mario Rodríguez
Published: October 2022

A la fecha existen 196.000 resultados en Google para la palabra Infoxicación, ciertamente la sobrecarga de información en internet es un fenómeno que ya no goza de novedad, ha dejado de ser una predicción apocalíptica y es hoy, una realidad con la que convivimos en la mayoría de los aspectos que tienen que ver con la comunicación. Nunca antes en la historia de la humanidad, tuvimos tanta información disponible, internet es una bola de nieve de contenidos que crece cada segundo hasta niveles aplastantes.
PLASTIMONIUM, plastilina como una manera divertida para apropiación del patrimonio. Exposiciones de resultados.
Authors: Pinilla Rodríguez Marcela Eunice , Toro Ospina Alexandra , Arango Pinzón Marcela Natalia
Published: October 2022

El presente es un artículo corto que resume algunas de las experiencias del proyecto de proyección social “Plastimonium, Plastilina como estrategia didáctica para la difusión del patrimonio”, estrategia de difusión del proyecto de investigación “dLocalizador patrimonial tunjano”.

Plastimonium es un proyecto inicialmente dirigido a niños con el objetivo de difundir el patrimonio arquitectónico de Tunja, planteando una estrategia didáctica para la sensibilización y reconocimiento del valor de los Bienes de Interés Cultural de la ciudad.

Se realizó una investigación de tipo exploratorio, con una estructura que pudo flexibilizarse a raíz del confinamiento y se tuvieron presentes distintos puntos de vista de acuerdo con los resultados parciales. Se utilizó un método de investigación primario como parte de la metodología cualitativa a partir de la observación directa de las actitudes de los niños durante los talleres y de los resultados medidos a partir de encuestas y entrevistas. La práctica se desarrolló con una metodología activa y participativa.

Los resultados han sido satisfactorios en niños y jóvenes y las experiencias se han continuado replicando aún después de terminar las actividades iniciales del proyecto.
Recursos digitales y el rol del diseñador
Authors: Martínez Martínez Héctor Fernando
Published: October 2022

El impacto que ha generado las tecnologías contemporáneas en los procesos y resultados del diseño, transforma y trastoca su naturaleza; ahora, pueden verse diferentes posibilidades de comunicación en el lenguaje visual: libros digitales, realidad aumentada, websites, tiendas virtuales, internet de las cosas, etc. Por otro lado, los fenómenos de comunicación en la sociedad implican nuevos ecosistemas mediáticos colaborativos que permiten y buscan otorgar una experiencia significativa a los usuarios, en palabras de Rodríguez & Martínez (2019) afirman que “estos nuevos fenómenos sociales han revelado también sistemas de comunicación en comunidad, representados por grupos de chat en la red social WhatsApp, en los que la comunicación es impersonal, pero todos los individuos participan activamente puesto que siguen objetivos similares.“ (pág. 342)

Las sociedades contemporáneas usan la tecnología para comunicar, recolectar, distribuir e intercambiar información en una gran red que parece ser infinita; lo que antes requería de mayor tiempo y trabajo, hoy se ha simplificado pensando en economizar tiempos y esfuerzos, antes inimaginables.
Uso de biosólidos en Colombia: métodos de estabilización y aplicaciones a nivel agrícola
Authors: Manjarrés-Hernández Elsa Helena , Castellanos-Rozo José Miguel , Galvis-López Jaqueline Arleth , Merchán-Castellanos Nuri Andrea
Published: October 2022

Las plantas de tratamiento de agua residual, son sistemas diseñados con el objetivo de disminuir la carga contaminante del agua residual doméstica e industrial, mediante una serie de procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos produciendo efluentes de mejor calidad. El principal subproducto del tratamiento de aguas residuales son los lodos provenientes de los tratamientos primarios y secundarios. Dependiendo del sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales y del manejo de los lodos generados en la planta, será la calidad de los lodos. Se ha determinado que en Colombia los lodos no presentan elevadas cantidades de metales pesados, no obstante, presentan grandes cantidades de microorganismos patógenos que pueden convertirse en un riesgo para la salud y el medio ambiente. Los lodos tienen que ser estabilizados para poder ser reutilizados como biosólidos. La estabilización comprende tratamientos que disminuyen las concentraciones de microorganismos patógenos. La selección del tratamiento para la estabilización del lodo depende de varios facto- res, tales como: la cantidad y calidad de lodos a tratar, las condiciones particulares del sitio y la situación financiera para esta disposición. En Colombia se han aplicado diferentes tratamientos de estabilización como la estabilización alcalina, deshidratación en el lecho de secado, entre otros. Cada tratamiento tiene sus ventajas y desventajas. En Colombia son pocos los estudios y a baja escala, donde se eviden- cia la aplicación de biosólidos a nivel agrícola. Sin embargo, los es- tudios han indicado que los biosólidos se pueden aplicar en el suelo mejorando su estructura y fertilidad, aumentando el rendimiento de los cultivos y produciendo alimentos inocuos con similares características organolépticas y nutricionales que los cultivos tradicionales.
Diagnóstico de los emprendedores industriales apoyados por entidades de fortalecimiento empresarial en la Provincia de Tundama
Authors: Agudelo-Guío Laura Fabiana , Barrera-Monzo Lizeth Paola , Castillo Martha Liliana , Forero-Ropero Sonia Milena
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo describe el diagnóstico realizado a aquellos empren- dedores industriales que recibieron apoyo por parte de las entidades de fortalecimiento empresarial en la provincia de Tundama, ubicada en el departamento de Boyacá. El desarrollo del presente proyecto se realizó en tres fases: la primera, consistió en la identificación de los emprendedores de la provincia objeto de estudio, encontrando una base de datos de 107 emprendedores pero que en realidad 84 emprendedores formaron parte del desarrollo de este proyecto; la segunda fase consistió en la realización de un diagnóstico empresarial, utilizando la metodología BUNT(Business development Using New Technology -NTNF- Noruega) - (Suesta, 2008), la cual consiste en cono- cer el estado actual de las empresas en áreas claves de la organización como: estratégica, organizacional, producción, tecnología, mercadeo, financiera y entorno. Finalmente, en la tercera fase se proponen estrategias de seguimiento y control dirigida a los emprendedores con el propósito de lograr el desarrollo empresarial, lo anterior, basado en la caracterización realizada para tal fin.
Climate targets as more than rhetoric: Accounting for Norway's Zero Growth Objective
Authors: Haarstad Håvard , Sareen Siddharth , Wanvik Tarje Iversen
Published: October 2022

Climate-related targets for cities abound, but it is unclear how important they are in driving actual transformations. Scholars have often taken a skeptical view of official climate discourses, including their ambitious targets, and instead turned their attention to experimentation, innovation and civic action – colloquially termed 'real action.' In this article we try on the opposite view. Contributing to 'speculative political ecology', we argue that climate-related targets, even those without hard policies directly attached to them, can render climate change more governable and actionable. In a fragmented, polycentric and dispersed governance landscape, the immutability of a 'hard' number can create coherence, direction and measurability to policy action. We examine a particular target, and its associated governance instruments, which has arguably had a transformative effect on urban policy. Our empirical focus is Norway's Zero Growth Objective in urban transport policy. We follow the target from its first formulation as a soft goal around 2006 and until 2019, by when it had materialized as a hard target shaping funding streams and concrete policy interventions, and most likely, emission levels. Arguably, it has been a highly effective frame for policy.
Age of first deciduous tooth eruption in a Portuguese children population: a cross-sectional study
Authors:   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal), Cunha Bárbara , Salgado Manuel ,   Hospital and Universitary Centre of Coimbra, Pediatric Unit, Coimbra, Portugal, Caramelo Francisco ,   iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Portugal,   LBIM, Laboratory for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal, Costa Ana ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal),   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (Coimbra, Portugal)
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To define the timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption in a sample of Portuguese children. Methods: Observational study including a convenience sample of 2115 healthy Portuguese children aged between 1-24 months. A single clinician performed the oral observation under an artificial light source, identifying the first erupted deciduous tooth and registering age (in months). Data were analyzed with IBM® SPSS® v24, R v3.3.2, and Python v3.7.1 (α=0.05). The percentiles of the age of first tooth eruption were determined, along with the cumulative probability curve for both genders and the proportion of first erupted tooth type per gender with its confidence interval. Results: The age of first tooth eruption was slightly inferior in males (mean=7.01 (± 2.24); median=6.0 months; 95% CI [5.8, 6.2]) than in females (mean=7.55 (± 2.41); median=6.5 months; 95% CI [6.3, 6.7]), with a statistically significant difference. The first deciduous tooth erupting was the mandibular central incisor, on average, at 6.94 (± 2.10) months in males and 7.49 (± 2.17) months in females. Conclusions: The present study indicates that, unequivocally, the mandibular central incisor was most often the first deciduous tooth to erupt, and, on average, that happened at 6.94 months for males and at 7.49 months for females.
Stopping power of Hetero nuclear di-cluster ions from partial-wave analysis based on semi classical phase shifts
Authors: Salman Nadher A. , Ahmed Khalid A. , Ahmed Baida M.
Published: October 2022

We apply a semi classical partial-wave scattering method based on the induced density approach (IDA) model. For ion electron scattering, the transport cross section is used to calculate the energy loss. This method yields a non-perturbative exemplification of energy loss, bridging the difference among classical and quantal representations. The focus of this work is the interaction of hetero nuclear di-cluster (He-H) ions with a free gas. The results show three kinds of stopping power in (a.u) (cluster stopping power, self-stopping power and correlated stopping power) of hetero nuclear di-cluster ions (He-H) with velocity at different atomic di-cluster distances at different densities and temperatures. We find that Bragg’s peak of stopping power is directly proportional to density and temperatures and inversely with atomic di-cluster distance . The equations in present work are programmed in fortran-90 for numerical calculations.
Study of Some Plasma Characteristics in Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) System
Authors: Kadhim Murad M. , Abbas Qusay A. , Abdulameer Mohammed R.
Published: October 2022

In this present paper,  an experimental study of some plasma characteristics in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system using several variables, such as different frequencies and using two different electrodes metals(aluminium (Al) and copper (Cu)), is represented. The discharge plasma was produced by an AC power supply source of 6 and 7 kHz frequencies for the nitrogen gas spectrum and for two different electrodes metals(Al and Cu). Optical emission spectrometer was used to study plasma properties (such as electron temperature ( ), electron number density ( ), Debye length ( ), and plasma frequency ( )). In addition, images were analysed for the plasma emission intensity at atmospheric air pressure.
New Results of Normed Approach Space
Authors: Abbas Ruaa Kadhim , Hussein Boushra Youssif
Published: October 2022

In this work, we introduce  a new convergence formula. We also define cluster point , δ-Cauchy sequence, δ-convergent, δ-completeness , and define sequentially contraction  in approach space. In addition, we prove the contraction condition is necessary and sufficient to get the  function is sequentially contraction  as well as we put a new structure for the norm in the approach space which is called approach –Banach space, we discuss the normed approach space with uniform condition is a Hausdorff space. Also, we prove a normed approach space is complete if and only if the metric generated from approach space is complete as well as prove every finite –dimensional approach normed space is δ-complete. We prove several results and properties in this field.
On Controllability of Impulsive Fractional Integro-differential Nonlocal System with State
Authors: Al-Jawari Naseif J. , Mazeel Abdul Khaleq O. , Hussain Khudair O.
Published: October 2022

This paper is concerned with the controllability of a nonlinear impulsive fractional integro-differential nonlocal control system with state-dependent delay in a Banach space. At first, we introduce a mild solution for the control system by using fractional calculus and probability density function. Under sufficient conditions, the results are obtained by means of semigroup theory and the Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the main results.
Full Transformation Semigroup of A Free Left S-Act on N-Generators
Authors: Al-Aadhami Asawer
Published: October 2022

It is well known that the wreath product  is the endmorphism monoid of a free S-act with n-generators. If S is a trivial semigroup then  is isomorphic to . The extension  for  to  where  is an independent algebra has been investigated. In particular, we consider  is to be , where  is a free left S-act of n-generators. The eventual goal of this paper is to show that  is an endomorphism monoid of a free left S-act of n-generators and to prove that  is embedded in the wreath product .
Developing a Heuristic Algorithm to Solve Uncertainty Problem of Resource Allocation in a Software Project Scheduling
Authors: Al-Jawaherry Marwa Adeeb , Abdulmajeed Ashraf Abdulmunim , Tawfeeq Tawfeeq Mokdad
Published: October 2022

In project management process, the objective is to define and develop a model for planning, scheduling, controlling, and monitoring different activities of a particular project. Time scheduling plays an important role in successful implementation of various activities and general outcome of project. In practice, various factors cause projects to suffer from time delay in accomplishing the activities. One important reason is imprecise knowledge about time duration of activities. This study addresses the problem of project scheduling in uncertain resource environments, which are defined by uncertain activity durations.  The study presents a solution of the levelling and allocation problems for projects that have some uncertain activities. The resources are minimised using resource levelling based on a proposed heuristic algorithm with limited duration. The algorithm performs the resource scheduling (levelling and allocation) for minimum moments. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is indicated by the resource improvement coefficient and rate of resource utilisation.
Optical Properties of Manufactured Mirrors Using DC Plasma Magnetron Sputtering Technique
Authors: Sadeq Hussien Ala’a , Yaseen Waleed Ibrahim
Published: October 2022

This paper defines a method for sputtering high strength, extremely conductive silver mirrors on glass substrates at temperatures ranging from 20o to 22o C. The silver coated layer thicknesses in this work ranges from 7.5 to 16.1 nm using sputtering time from 10 to 30 min at power 25 W, 13.7 to 29.2 nm for time 10 to 30 min at 50 W, 15.7 to 26.4 nm for time 10 to 30 min at 75 W and 13.8 to 31.1 nm for time 10 to 30 min at 100 W. The optimum values of pressure and electrode gape for plasma sputtering system are 0.1 mbar and 5 cm respectively. The effect of DC sputtering power, sputtering duration or (sputtering time), and thickness on optical properties was investigated using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The ultraviolet absorption of all coated layers was high, while the visible absorption was low. The transmittance is decrease with increase sputtering time and sputtering power. Highest values of reflection in visible region at 100 W and 20, 25 and 30 min are 46% to 97%. High value of band gap at 100 and 30 min while lower value at 25 W and 10 min.
Physiological and Immunological Study for the Effects of Onopordum Acanthium L. Seeds Oil in Male Rats Treated with CCL4
Authors: Mhammad Husni Abdulla , Najeeb Malika Kassim , Jubrail Amad M. Saleh
Published: October 2022

In this study, the attention was focused on the protective role of seeds oil from local Onopordum acanthium L. (cotton thistle) against tissues damage in the liver, kidney and spleen in male albino rats. Forty adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups including control group, rats were treated orally with seeds oil (0.5ml/kg), carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) injected group, and last group was intoxicated with CCL4 and daily treated with seed oil (0.5ml/kg). After four weeks of the experiment, rats were anaesthetized and blood was taken directly by cardiac puncture for the evaluation of studied parameters. Samples of liver, kidneys and spleen were fixed in 10% formalin for histological studies.
      From the obtained results, no significant changes were seen in the estimated parameters in the group treated with oil only. In the group injected with CCL4 and treated with oil extract, the level of serum lipids, liver enzymes, total serum bilirubin (TSB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBCs) were significantly reduced in comparison with untreated CCL4 intoxicated group. The toxicity of CCL4 on the level of fasting blood sugar (FBS), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), renal function parameters, hemoglobin and body weight were ameliorated with seeds oil. These effective roles were further supported by the histopathological improvement of the liver, kidney and spleen tissues of rats against CCl4. Conclusion: from the results of this study, it can be concluded that the extracted oil from local Iraqi Onopordum acanthium L. seeds reduced the tissue damages with an improvement of biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters during the four weeks of the experiment.
The Correlation Between the Persistence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates to Mupirocine and Toxin-Antitoxin Type II Genes
Authors: Al-Hadban Wedean , Ali Maysaa Adil , Kandala Nuha
Published: October 2022

Under high concentrations of antibiotics, a fraction of the bacterial population exhibits a phenomenon known as persistence. Toxin- system (TA system) has been reported to be involved in the formation of E. coli, Mycobacterium, and S. aureus persisters.  In this study, the ability of thirty Iraqi isolates of MRSA to form in vitro persister cells after exposure to three different antibiotics (Ceftriaxone 30 µg, Mecillinam 10 µg, and Mupirocin 20 µg) was examined by TD test. Additionally, efflux pump inhibitor [Fluphenazine 0.25 mg/ml] was combined with the antibiotic that triggered persister formation. The distribution of mazEF and yefM-yoeB (Type II TA system) in the tested isolates was detected by PCR. 91% of Mupirocin susceptible isolates formed persister cells.42% of the persistent level was reduced when Mupirocin was combined with the Fluphenazine. Genes for homologs of the yefM-yoeB and mazEF TA system were present in 100% of the tested isolates. The prevalence of these genes in the tested isolates suggested a link between persistence and the TA system. Further investigation is required to study the expression of these genes under stress conditions.