bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Living in-between: Implications of local risk perceptions for the management of future eruptions at the Calbuco and Osorno volcanoes (Ensenada, Chile)
Authors: Alegría Camila , Vergara-Pinto Francisca
Published: February 2024

Since the perceptions of communities at risk play a central role in managing future emergencies, contingency plans must consider the appropriate involvement of the perspectives of exposed populations. This article addresses the case of Ensenada (Puerto Varas, Chile), a settlement located in the area of direct influence of the Calbuco and Osorno volcanoes. They respectively rank 2nd and 8th in the list of highest-threat Chilean volcanoes. Here we depict the multiple risk perceptions of the inhabitants of Ensenada and the integration of human perceptions into volcanic emergency management through qualitative research, based on semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Our results illustrate that Ensenada represents a settlement critically exposed to multiple hazards from both volcanoes, intertwined with a series of social conditions that influence individuals’ self-perception as vulnerable to future eruptions and, simultaneously, as capable of acquiring conditions to strengthen disaster preparedness. Moreover, the locals are eager to participate in future emergency management planning and adopt preventive attitudes at community, household, and individual levels. Based on these results, we highlight the advantages of a better understanding of the causes of perceived risk and its integration into emergency management strategies for future eruptions, in order to visualise how people make sense of daily life and disaster preparedness in the midst of active volcanoes.
THE INDISPENSABILITY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PLANNING PROCESS
Authors: Alves de Souza Adriana , Da Costa Alves Ivanir , Martins da Silva Sousa Leaci , Moreira da Silva Jeromice
Published: February 2024

This article proposes an investigation into the relevance of the act of planning in the educational context, emphasizing its positive impact on the quality of teaching and the comprehensive development of students. Recognizing planning as a fundamental practice that permeates various dimensions of life, playing a decisive role in achieving goals and the effectiveness of actions, its expanded importance in the educational field is highlighted. In this context, planning directs strategies and guides actions that shape the teaching-learning process. The theoretical frameworks used include Vasconcellos (2019), Libâneo (2001; 2016), Veiga (1996), among others. The conduct of this study involved an exploratory, qualitative, and bibliographic research approach, seeking an in-depth understanding of the topic at hand. The research aimed to identify specific relevant points about the act of planning, with the intention of deepening the understanding of key related aspects. The literature analysis revealed that educational planning goes beyond the mere definition of activities to be carried out, standing out for its ability to promote efficient, meaningful education aligned with pedagogical objectives.
Morfologi Akar Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L) Asal Pulau Bengkalis yang Mampu Tumbuh di Daerah Tergenang
Authors: Sari Vebrita
Published: February 2024

Di Pulau Bengkalis Provinsi Riau banyak ditemukan manggis yang berkualitas baik. Pulau Bengkalis merupakan daerah dataran rendah yang sering mengalami kondisi tergenang secara periodik, seperti banjir karena "Pasang keling" setiap bulan Desember. Kemampuan manggis asal Pulau Bengkalis beradaptasi di daerah tergenang, diduga karena memiliki sistem perakaran berupa morfologi akar yang khusus dan belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan morfologi akar manggis yang tumbuh di daerah tergenang dan tidak tergenang. Sampel akar manggis diambil di 4 desa untuk lokasi I (tergenang periodik) dan 3 desa untuk lokasi 2 (tidak tergenang) di Pulau Bengkalis. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode survei dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Morfologi akar manggis asal Pulau Bengkalis yang tumbuh di daerah tergenang berbeda dengan akar manggis pada umumnya yang tumbuh pada habitat normal (tidak tergenang). Manggis asal Pulau Bengkalis tidak memiliki akar lateral dan rambut akar serta morfologi bagian ujungnya berbeda. Akar manggis yang tumbuh di habitat normal (tidak tergenang) umumnya masih memiliki akar lateral dan rambut akar walaupun sedikit. Morfologi bagian ujung akar manggis asal Pulau Bengkalis di kedua lokasi juga terlihat berbeda dengan akar manggis pada umumnya, yaitu berbentuk seperti benang tebal berwarna putih dengan diameter rata-rata 0,3 mm. Perbedaan ini dikarenakan perbedaan kondisi lingkungan di kedua lokasi tersebut seperti kadar air tanah (28-67%) dan ketinggian tempat (7-9 m dpl). Ditemukannya perbedaan morfologi akar di kedua lokasi mengindikasikan bahwa manggis asal Pulau Bengkalis memiliki mekanisme toleran terhadap kondisi tergenang.
Studi Komparasi Karakteristik Elemen Ikon Dignity pada Bangunan Gedung Istana Wakil Presiden di Beberapa Negara
Authors: Mulki Kays , Susetyarto Martinus Bambang , Tundono Sri
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh bangunan Istana Wakil Presiden di Indonesia yang merupakan bangunan peninggalan jajahan kolonial Belanda sehingga tidak memiliki ciri atau ikon yang merepresentasikan Bangsa Indonesia. Istana Wakil Presiden adalah tempat di mana Wakil Presiden berkantor. Bangunan gedung Istana Wakil Presiden di beberapa negara sangatlah ikonik sehingga dapat merepresentasikan karakteristik atas kewibawaan sang wakil presiden. Konsep arsitektur Ikonik pada bangunan gedung Istana Wakil Presiden memiliki karakteristik antara lain letak posisi bangunan strategis serta memiliki skala bangunan megah; memiliki bentuk yang menarik; dan memiliki kekokohan yang tinggi. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif-komparatif, menganalisis dan membandingkan ikon bangunan Istana Wakil Presiden di beberapa negara. Sehingga dengan adanya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan memahami macam-macam elemen ikonik yang digunakan serta mengetahui penerapannya pada bangunan Istana Wakil Presiden di beberapa negara sebagai panduan dalam mendesain karya Tugas Akhir penulis.
Evinacumab (Evkeeza)
Authors: CADTH
Published: February 2024

CADTH recommends that Evkeeza be reimbursed by public drug plans as an adjunct to diet and other low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapies for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 5 years and older with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) if certain conditions are met.

Evkeeza should only be covered to treat patients aged 5 years and older with a diagnosis of HoFH and extremely high levels of LDL-C (sometimes referred to as bad cholesterol) despite receiving other cholesterol-lowering treatments.

Evkeeza should only be reimbursed if prescribed by specialists with experience in managing HoFH and if the cost of Evkeeza is reduced. Evkeeza may only be prescribed for 24 weeks the first time it is used. To continue treatment with Evkeeza longer than 6 months, the treating physician must provide proof that the patient is responding to treatment, defined as reduction in LDL-C levels.
Single-blind test of nine methane-sensing satellite systems from three continents
Authors: Sherwin Evan D. , El Abbadi Sahar H. , Burdeau Philippine M. , Zhang Zhan , Chen Zhenlin , Rutherford Jeffrey S. , Chen Yuanlei , Brandt Adam R.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Satellite-based remote sensing enables detection and mitigation of large point sources of climate-warming methane. These satellites will have the greatest impact if stakeholders have a clear-eyed assessment of their capabilities. We performed a single-blind test of nine methane-sensing satellites from three continents and five countries, including both commercial and government satellites. Over 2 months, we conducted 82 controlled methane releases during satellite overpasses. Six teams analyzed the resulting data, producing 134 estimates of methane emissions. Of these, 80 (58 %) were correctly identified, with 46 true positive detections (34 %) and 34 true negative non-detections (25 %). There were 41 false negatives, in which teams missed a true emission, and 0 false positives, in which teams incorrectly claimed methane was present. All eight satellites that were given a nonzero emission detected methane at least once, including the first single-blind evaluation of the EnMAP, Gaofen 5, and Ziyuan 1 systems. In percent terms, quantification error across all satellites and teams is similar to aircraft-based methane remote sensing systems, with 55 % of mean estimates falling within ±50 % of the metered value. Although teams correctly detected emissions as low as 0.03 metric tons of methane per hour, it is unclear whether detection performance in this test is representative of real-world field performance. Full retrieval fields submitted by all teams suggest that in some cases it may be difficult to distinguish true emissions from background artifacts without a known source location. Cloud interference is significant and appears to vary across teams and satellites. This work confirms the basic efficacy of the tested satellite systems in detecting and quantifying methane, providing additional insight into detection limits and informing experimental design for future satellite-focused controlled methane release testing campaigns.
BIS-4D: Mapping soil properties and their uncertainties at 25 m resolution in the Netherlands
Authors: Helfenstein Anatol , Mulder Vera L. , Hack-ten Broeke Mirjam J. D. , van Doorn Maarten , Teuling Kees , Walvoort Dennis J. J. , Heuvelink Gerard B. M.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. In response to the growing societal awareness of the critical role of healthy soils, there is an increasing demand for accurate and high-resolution soil information to inform national policies and support sustainable land management decisions. Despite advancements in digital soil mapping and initiatives like GlobalSoilMap, quantifying soil variability and its uncertainty across space, depth, and time remains a challenge. Therefore, maps of key soil properties are often still missing on a national scale, which is also the case in the Netherlands. To meet this challenge and fill this data gap, we introduce BIS-4D, a high resolution soil modelling and mapping platform for the Netherlands. BIS-4D delivers maps of soil texture (clay, silt and sand content), bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, oxalate-extractable phosphorus, cation exchange capacity and their uncertainties at 25 m resolution between 0–2 m depth in 3D space. Additionally, it provides maps of soil organic matter and its uncertainty in 3D space and time between 1953–2023 at the same resolution and depth range. The statistical model uses machine learning informed by soil observations numbering between 3815–855 950, depending on the soil property, and 366 environmental covariates. We assess the accuracy of mean and median predictions using design-based statistical inference of a probability sample and location-grouped 10-fold cross-validation, and prediction uncertainty using the prediction interval coverage probability. We found that the accuracy of clay, sand and pH maps was highest, with the model efficiency coefficient (MEC) ranging between 0.6–0.92 depending on depth. Silt, bulk density, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity (MEC = 0.27–0.78), and especially oxalate-extractable phosphorus (MEC = −0.11–0.38), were more difficult to predict. One of the main limitations of BIS-4D is that prediction maps cannot be used to quantify the uncertainty of spatial aggregates. A step-by-step manual helps users decide whether BIS-4D is suitable for their intended purpose, an overview of allmaps and their uncertainties can be found in the supplementary information (SI), openly available code and input data enhance reproducibility and future updates, and BIS-4D prediction maps can be easily downloaded at https://doi.org/10.4121/0c934ac6-2e95-4422-8360-d3a802766c71 (Helfenstein et al., 2024a). BIS-4D fills the previous data gap of a national scale GlobalSoilMap product in the Netherlands and will hopefully facilitate the inclusion of soil spatial variability as a routine and integral part of decision support systems.
Flexural isostatic response of continental-scale deltas to climatically driven sea level changes
Authors: Polanco Sara , Blum Mike , Salles Tristan , Frederick Bruce C. , Farrington Rebecca , Ding Xuesong , Mather Ben , Mallard Claire , Moresi Louis
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The interplay between climate-forced sea level change, erosional and depositional processes, and flexural isostasy in deep time on passive margin deltas remains poorly understood. We performed a series of conceptual simulations to investigate flexural isostatic responses to high-frequency fluctuations in water and sediment load associated with climatically driven sea level changes. We model a large drainage basin that discharges to a continental margin and produces a large deltaic depocenter, then prescribe synthetic and climatic-driven sea level curves of different frequencies to assess flexural response. Results show that flexural isostatic responses are bidirectional over 100–1000 kyr timescales and are in sync with the magnitude, frequency, and direction of sea level fluctuations and that isostatic adjustments play an important role in driving along-strike and cross-shelf river mouth migration and sediment accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that climate-forced sea level changes produce a feedback mechanism that results in self-sustaining creation of accommodation into which sediment is deposited and plays a major role in delta morphology and stratigraphic architecture.
Co-RISK: a tool to co-create impactful university–industry projects for natural hazard risk mitigation
Authors: Hillier John K. , van Meeteren Michiel
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Translation of geoscience research into tangible changes, such as modified decisions, processes, or policy, in the wider world is an important yet notably difficult process. Illustratively, university-based scientists and professionals work on different timescales, seek different insights, and may have a substantial cognitive distance between them. The work on Co-RISK reported in this paper is motivated by an ongoing need for mechanisms to aid this translation process. Co-RISK is an accessible (i.e. open access, paper based, zero cost) toolkit for use by stakeholder groups within workshops. Co-RISK has been developed to aid the co-creation of collaborative inter-organisational projects to translate risk-related science into modified actions. It is shaped to avoid adding to a proliferation in increasingly complex frameworks for assessing natural hazard risk and is given a robust basis by incorporating paradox theory from organisation studies, which deal with navigating the genuine tensions between industry and research organisations that stem from their differing roles. Specifically designed to ameliorate the organisational paradox, a Co-RISK workshop draws up “maps” including key stakeholders (e.g. regulator, insurer, university) and their positionality (e.g. barriers, concerns, motivations) and identifies exactly the points where science might modify actions. Ultimately a Co-RISK workshop drafts simple and tailored project-specific frameworks that span from climate to hazard, to risk, to implications of that risk (e.g. solvency). The action research approach used to design Co-RISK, its implementation in a trial session for the insurance sector, and its intellectual contribution are described and evaluated. The initial Co-RISK workshop was well received so it is envisaged to be applicable to other sectors (i.e. transport infrastructure, utilities, government). Joint endeavours enabled by Co-RISK could fulfil the genuine need to quickly convert the latest insights from environmental research into real-world climate change adaptation strategies.
Macapá, a Brazilian equatorial magnetometer station: installation, data availability and methods for temperature correction
Authors: Mendel Martins Cristiano , Jasbinschek Pinheiro Katia , Ohlert Achim , Matzka Jürgen , da Silva Marcos Vinicius , Pereira da Costa Reynerth
Published: February 2024

Abstract. In the last 60 years, the largest displacement of the magnetic equator (by about 1100 km northwards) occurred in the Brazilian longitudinal sector. The magnetic equator passed by Tatuoca magnetic observatory (TTB) in northern Brazil in 2012 and continues to move northward. Due to the horizontal geomagnetic field geometry at the magnetic equator, enhanced electric currents in the ionosphere are produced – the so called equatorial electrojet (EEJ). The magnetic effect of the EEJ is observed in the range of ± 3 degrees from the magnetic equator, where magnetic observatories record an amplified daily variation of the H component. In order to track the spatial and temporal variation of this phenomena, a new magnetometer station was installed in Macapá (MAA), which is about 350 km northwest from TTB. In this paper, we present the setup and data analysis of MAA station from 11/2019 until 09/2021. Because of its special configuration, we develop a method for temperature correction of the vector magnetometer data.
Towards a global impact-based forecasting model for tropical cyclones
Authors: Kooshki Forooshani Mersedeh , van den Homberg Marc , Kalimeri Kyriaki , Kaltenbrunner Andreas , Mejova Yelena , Milano Leonardo , Ndirangu Pauline , Paolotti Daniela , Teklesadik Aklilu , Turner Monica L.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Tropical cyclones (TCs) produce strong winds and heavy rains accompanied by consecutive events such as landslides and storm surges, resulting in losses of lives and livelihoods, particularly in regions with high socioeconomic vulnerability. To proactively mitigate the impacts of TCs, humanitarian actors implement anticipatory action. In this work, we build upon such an existing anticipatory action for the Philippines, which uses an impact-based forecasting model for housing damage based on eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to release funding and trigger early action. We improve it in three ways. First, we perform a correlation and selection analysis to understand if Philippines-specific features can be left out or replaced with features from open global data sources. Secondly, we transform the target variable (percentage of completely damaged houses) and not yet grid-based global features to a 0.1∘ grid resolution by de-aggregation using Google Open Buildings data. Thirdly, we evaluate XGBoost regression models using different combinations of global and local features at grid and municipality spatial levels. We first introduce a two-stage model to predict if the damage is above 10 % and then use a regression model trained on all or only high-damage data. All experiments use data from 39 typhoons that impacted the Philippines between 2006–2020. Due to the scarcity and skewness of the training data, specific attention is paid to data stratification, sampling, and validation techniques. We demonstrate that employing only the global features does not significantly influence model performance. Despite excluding local data on physical vulnerability and storm surge susceptibility, the two-stage model improves upon the municipality-based model with local features. When applied to anticipatory action, our two-stage model would show a higher true-positive rate, a lower false-negative rate, and an improved false-positive rate, implying that fewer resources would be wasted in anticipatory action. We conclude that relying on globally available data sources and working at the grid level holds the potential to render a machine-learning-based impact model generalizable and transferable to locations outside of the Philippines impacted by TCs. Also, a grid-based model increases the resolution of the predictions, which may allow for a more targeted implementation of anticipatory action. However, it should be noted that an impact-based forecasting model can only be as good as the forecast skill of the TC forecast that goes into it. Future research will focus on replicating and testing the approach in other TC-prone countries. Ultimately, a transferable model will facilitate the scaling up of anticipatory action for TCs.
Organic matters, but inorganic matters too: column examination of elevated mercury sorption on low organic matter aquifer material using concentrations and stable isotope ratios
Authors: McLagan David S. , Esser Carina , Schwab Lorenz , Wiederhold Jan G. , Richard Jan-Helge , Biester Harald
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Sorption of mercury (Hg) in soils is suggested to be predominantly associated with organic matter (OM). However, there is a growing collection of research that suggests that clay minerals and Fe/Mn oxides are also important solid phases for the sorption of soluble Hg in soil–groundwater systems. We use a series of (60 mL syringe based) column experiments to examine sorption and subsequent desorption of HgCl2 solutions (experiment 1 (EXP1): 46.1 ± 1.1 mg L−1; experiment 2 (EXP2): 144 ± 6 mg L−1) in low-OM (0.16 ± 0.02 %) solid-phase aquifer materials. Analyses of total Hg concentrations, Hg speciation (i.e. pyrolytic thermal desorption (PTD)), and Hg stable isotopes are performed on both solid- and liquid-phase samples across sorption and desorption phases of the experiments. The sorption breakthrough curve best fitted a Freundlich model. Despite the very low-OM content, the Hg equilibrium sorptive capacity in these columns is very high: 1510 ± 100 and 2320 ± 60 mg kg−1 for EXP1 and EXP2, respectively, and it is similar to those determined for high-OM soils. Data from the experiments on mass-dependent Hg stable isotope fractionation data from these experiments (described by δ202Hg) support preferential sorption of lighter isotopes to the solid-phase materials with results indicating an isotopically heavier liquid phase and an isotopically lighter solid phase. Desorption fits exponential decay models, and 46 ± 6 % and 58 ± 10 % of the sorbed Hg is removed from the solid-phase materials at the termination of desorption in EXP1 and EXP2, respectively. The divergence of δ202Hg values between liquid and solid phases also continues into desorption. This desorption profile is linked to the initial release of easily exchangeable Hg(II) species physically sorbed to Fe/Mn oxides and clay mineral surfaces (liquid phase enriched in heavy isotopes) and then slower release of Hg(II) species that have undergone secondary reaction to more stable/less-soluble Hg(II) species and/or diffusion/transport into the mineral matrices (processes favouring lighter isotopes; solid phase enriched in lighter isotopes). The secondary production of Hg(0) within the columns is confirmed by PTD analyses that indicate distinct Hg(0) release peaks in solid-phase samples at <175 ∘C, which again agrees with field observations. Retardation (RD) and distribution (KD) coefficients are 77.9 ± 5.5 and 26.1 ± 3.0 mL g−1 in EXP1, respectively, and 38.4 ± 2.7 and 12.4 ± 0.6 mL g−1 in EXP2, respectively. These values are similar to values derived from column experiments on high-OM soil and provide the basis for future Hg fate and transport modelling in soil–groundwater systems.
The relation between Rossby wave-breaking events and low-level weather systems
Authors: Tamarin-Brodsky Talia , Harnik Nili
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Rossby wave-breaking events describe the last stage in the life cycle of baroclinic atmospheric disturbances. These breaking events can strongly influence large-scale circulation and are also related to weather extremes such as heat waves, blocking, and extreme precipitation events. Nonetheless, a complete understanding of the synoptic-scale dynamics involved with the breaking events is still absent. For example, it is not clear how well the theoretical life cycle experiments, which use a specified initial perturbation with a single zonal wavenumber and a prescribed simplified initial zonal jet, capture the life cycle of real-atmosphere weather systems. Here we combine a storm-tracking technique together with a wave-breaking detection algorithm to examine how upper-level wave breaking and surface weather systems are related in the North Atlantic during winter. These datasets allow us to examine whether upper-level wave breaking and low-level weather systems always occur simultaneously and if we can identify preferred relations between the surface weather system type (cyclone or anticyclone) and the type of the upper-level breaking event (cyclonic or anticyclonic wave breaking denoted CWB or AWB, respectively). We find that in the North Atlantic, most weather systems are associated with AWB and/or CWB at some point during their lifetime, while only few cyclones and anticyclones do not involve any upper-level wave breaking (roughly 11 % and 15 %, respectively). Our results imply that composites of cyclones and anticyclones involve a mixture of different types of life cycles, depending on whether they involve CWB or AWB, as well as their position relative to the Rossby wave-breaking (RWB) center. Moreover, the system characteristics (including actual and relative positions, intensities, and displacements) differ depending on the associated breaking type. We distinguish between “same-pairing” cases (i.e., cyclone with CWB and anticyclones with AWB) and “opposite-pairing” cases (i.e., cyclones with AWB and anticyclones with CWB). Compositing the cyclones and anticyclones based on this criterion, we find that in similar pairings the surface system is positioned so that its associated upper-level winds would enhance the breaking (the anomalous circulation is in the same direction as the background shear), but, for opposite pairings, the upper-level winds associated with the surface system do not act to enhance the breaking which occurs in the direction of the background shear. A better understanding of the different life cycles of real-atmosphere cyclones and anticyclones and the upper-level breaking they involve is important for exploring the relation between storm tracks and slowly varying weather regimes and how they are mediated by RWB events.
Topographical variation and longitudinal changes in choroidal vascularity in myopic and non-myopic children
Authors:   , Ho Lirong Esther
Published: February 2024

This thesis improved understanding of the normal changes occurring in the eye’s vascular characteristics during childhood, and their relationship with eye growth. Novel deep learning methods were used to analyse high resolution images of the vascular tissue lining the back of the eye (the choroid). Choroidal vascularity reduced over time, and these vascular characteristics were significantly associated with the rate of eye growth. The changes in vascularity of the choroid, particularly the stromal component, may thus be a marker for childhood eye growth. This has important implications for our understanding of eye growth regulation and refractive error development.
Oppressive Praise
Authors: Holroyd Jules
Published: February 2024

Philosophers have had a lot to say about blame, much less about praise. In this paper, I follow some recent authors in arguing that this is a mistake. However, unlike these recent authors, the reasons I identify for scrutinising praise are to do with the ways in which praise is, systematically, unjustly apportioned. Specifically, drawing on testimony and findings from social psychology, I argue that praise is often apportioned in ways that reflect and entrench existing structures of oppression. Articulating what is going wrong here helps us to see what to do about it.
Why You Ought to Defer:
Authors: Pearlman Savannah , Williams Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

In this paper we argue that moral deference is prima facie obligatory in cases in which the testifier is a member of a marginalized social group that the receiver is not and testifies about their marginalized experience. We distinguish between two types of deference: epistemic deference, which refers to believing p in virtue of trusting the testifier, and actional deference, which involves acting appropriately in response to the testimony given. The prima facie duty we propose applies to both epistemic and actional deference, though defeaters may quash either or both obligations. Even if one fails to epistemically defer to the marginalized testifier, we argue that they may still be ethically obligated to act in accordance with their testimony.
LA GRAN CONTRADICCIÓN EN LA GRAN TRANSFORMACIÓN DE KARL POLANYI
Authors: Tóth András
Published: February 2024

The Great Transformation (Polanyi, 1944E) is one of the most influential and widely cited Grand Narratives of the development route of European civilization, and even that of humanity given the extraordinary influence of European societal development. Polanyi’s main thesis is that the free market liberal capitalism not only had a destructive effect, but has a fatal internal contradiction. The root of the contradiction is that it treats labor, land, and money as commodities, while these are not commodities because they are not produced for sale. The societal destruction is the consequence of this fatal contradiction. The second great transformation towards planning state is the consequence and correction of the first one. The paper aims to demonstrate that there is a great contradiction in The Great Transformation. Polanyi applies two diametrically opposing economic theories, assumptions of state and concepts of role of individuality in different parts of the book.
Диагностика травматических повреждений зубов у детей и подростков
Authors:   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет), Орлова Софья Евгеньевна , Иванова Варвара Анатольевна ,   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет), Арыхова Лейла Камаловна ,   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет), Севбитов Андрей Владимирович ,   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет), Борисов Виталий Викторович ,   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет), Гринин Василий Михайлович ,   Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)
Published: February 2024

В практике стоматолога любой специализации встречаются травмы постоянных и временных зубов. Продолжающийся рост челюстей и альвеолярных отростков, развитие отдельных зачатков, а также особенности поведения детей и подростков создают проблемы в диагностике и лечении травм зубов. Недостаток знаний о диагностике травматических повреждений зубов влияет на качество лечения, приводит к функциональным, эстетическим дефектам и к появлению комплексов, особенно у подростков. Основной целью обзорной статьи является ознакомление с результатами исследований и помощь врачам в выявлении патологии и планировании правильного последовательного лечения, сводя к минимуму возможные осложнения.
Материал «Клипдент» в лечении пародонтита
Authors:   Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России, Сутаева Тамила Руслановна , Салихова Миясат Магомедалиевна ,   Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России, Аджиева Айгюль Камильевна ,   Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России, Шихкеримова Сюзанна Габибуллаевна ,   Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России, Мусалов Хаджимурат Гусейнович ,   Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Published: February 2024

Рассматривается эффективность использования препарата «Клипдент» в комплексном лечении пародонтита среднетяжелой степени тяжести. Данный препарат позволяет устранить пародонтальные карманы, ускорить восстановление утраченной костной ткани. Использование «Клипдент» позволило вывести пациентов в состояние ремиссии в 82 % случаев. Описанный в статье метод может быть полезен в практике врачей-стоматологов.
Оценка эффективности различных методов полирования поверхности корня зуба: исследование in vitro
Authors:   Пензенский государственный университет, Романова Рината Олеговна ,   Стоматологическая клиника Центр эстетической стоматологии, Зюлькина Лариса Алексеевна ,   Пензенский государственный университет, Иванов Петр Владимирович ,   Стоматологическая клиника Центр эстетической стоматологии, Ефремова Анастасия Владимировна ,   Пензенский государственный университет, Куряев Ислам Ильясович ,   Пензенский государственный университет
Published: February 2024

Пародонтит – сложное мультифакторное заболевание, которое возникает в результате воздействия продуктов жизнедеятельности парадонтопатогенных бактерий, которые колонизируются глубоко в десневой борозде и образуют пародонтальный карман. Целью пародонтальной санации является уменьшение зубного налета и зубного камня и создание относительно гладкой поверхности корня для достижения нового прикрепления. Снятие зубных отложений и полирование корней имеют основополагающее значение в лечении пародонтита. Для этих целей применяются различные кюреты, периоборы, ультразвуковые аппараты. Тем не менее остаются разногласия между исследователями касательно качества обработки корней с помощью различных методов поддесневой деконтаминации. В данной статье приведены результаты профилометрического исследования качества шероховатости поверхности корня in vitro при различных методах инструментальной обработки. Общие результаты показали, что полировка уменьшила шероховатость поверхности, вызванную скейлингом корня, а также уменьшила количество инфицированного цемента. Полирование при помощи запатентованной сменной насадки на кюрету Грейси показала наименьшую шероховатость поверхности по сравнению с ультразвуковой обработкой и пародонтологическими борами.
Применение коллагенового матрикса для аугментации мягких тканей во фронтальном отделе верхней челюсти
Authors:   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Ашурко Игорь Павлович , Крылова Дарья Андреевна ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Шехтер Анатолий Борухович ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Давлетшин Динислам Нилович ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Тарасенко Светлана Викторовна ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова
Published: February 2024

Повышение эффективности лечения пациентов с дефицитом толщины мягких тканей при проведении дентальной имплантации в эстетически значимой зоне является актуальным вопросом хирургической стоматологии. Проведение гистоморфометрического анализа мягких тканей, полученных в результате применения коллагенового матрикса и соединительнотканного трансплантата. В рамках исследования было проведено обследование и лечение 30 пациентов, которых случайным образом распределили на две группы. В 1-й группе для увеличения толщины мягких тканей применяли свободный соединительнотканный трансплантат (ССТ) с неба или бугра верхней челюсти, во 2-й группе использовали коллагеновый матрикс с поперечно-сшитой структурой (КМ). Через 3 месяца после оперативного вмешательства на этапе установки формирователей десны при помощи мукотома проводили забор фрагмента мягких тканей для проведения гистоморфометрического анализа. В обеих группах слизистая оболочка биоптатов десны была выстлана многослойным плоским эпителием относительно большой толщины с выраженным акантозом. Собственно слизистая оболочка десны, отграниченная от эпителия базальной мембраной, представлена рыхлой соединительной тканью. По итогам морфометрического анализа статистически значимых различий выявлено не было, за исключением того, что среднее значение количества клеток воспаления в эпителиальном слое в группе ССТ было равно 7,1 ± 0,8, при этом в группе КМ – 12,8 ± 1,1 (p = 0,0001), в собственно слизистой оболочке этот показатель в группе ССТ был равен 63,8 ± 4,9, а в группе КМ – 82,7 ± 9,0 (p = 0,03). Доля коллагеновых волокон в группе ССТ достигала 88,5 ± 0,9 %, а в группе КМ – 82,5 ± 1,8 % (0,005). После проведенного гистоморфометрического анализа можно сделать вывод о возможности применения коллагенового матрикса в качестве материала для увеличения толщины мягких тканей.
Microbial mavericks: unleashing bacteria’s tumor-seeking superpowers in the fight against cancer
Authors: Saini Gunjan , Smith Brenton
Published: February 2024

Capitalizing on bacteria's natural capacity to infiltrate tumor microenvironments, bacterial cancer therapy offers a fresh paradigm for targeting solid tumors. Bacterial cancer therapies have a unique mechanism to cure cancer that is unachievable with current methods. This article addresses the possibility for "Microbial Mavericks," or bacteria, to accumulate specifically in cancerous tissues by taking advantage of the special characteristics of tumors’ micro-environment including hypoxia and acidity. Bacteria can be simply genetically modified to develop and deliver anticancer agents according to clinical needs. Researchers want to improve therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic negative effects by utilizing bacteria's tumor tropism. The need to carefully weigh the potential advantages of bacterial therapeutics with the risks of infections, immunological reactions, and bacterial resistance is emphasized, along with safety issues and challenges. Over the last decades, Salmonella, Clostridium, Listeria, and many other genera have been researched to inhibit cancer growth and increase survival in animal models. This manuscript provides insights into the potential, challenges, and ethical ramifications of the developing field of bacterial cancer therapy. The symbiotic interaction between bacteria and tumors may usher in a new era of cancer treatment as clinical research advances, leveraging the strength of microbial allies in the battle against cancer.
Xanthoma: Clinical image
Authors:   Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine., Habes Yousef MN
Published: February 2024

A 53-year-old male with no significant medical history presented with a 15-year history of multiple skin lesions, as depicted in the image. Upon examination, the patient exhibited several subcutaneous masses, including a 7 cm mass on the right elbow with sinus drainage, a 12 cm mass on the left elbow
MANAGING THE POTENTIAL OF RUSSIAN ARCTIC ENTERPRISES TO ENSURE THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Economic University, Vetrova Elena N. , Doroshenko Sofia N. ,   St. Petersburg State Economic University
Published: February 2024

The provided study examines the problems of managing the potential of enterprises in the Arctic zone, primarily industrial ones, in the context of ensuring the sustainable development of territories. Various components of an enterprise’s potential are considered, taking into account the importance of managing these components. The basis for managing the potential of an enterprise is based on the use of a set of approaches, among which ecosystem and synergetic approaches should be especially noted. The scientific problem lies in the development of organizational and methodological support for managing the production potential of an enterprise and the creation of an appropriate instrumental base based on the use of modern information technologies. The study proposes a model of the production potential of an enterprise, built on the basis of its functions within the framework of the ecosystem approach. Synergy is expressed in the positive return from the coordination of the functions of the enterprise’s production potential in the context of a systems approach.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TWINS USING A HYBRID WIND-DIESEL POWER PLANT ON THE ARCTIC SHELF TO PROVIDE SHIFT SETTLEMENTS FOR OIL WORKERS
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Mochalov Yaroslav G.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the experience of using digital twins in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in order to identify the economic efficiency of the introduction of such technologies to provide low-energy facilities, for example, the Varandey shift settlement. The prospects and possibilities of using digital doubles in modern Russian conditions are considered. In the course of the research work, many literary sources were studied. A comparative analysis of three power complexes with different components was carried out, which is based on the calculation of economic efficiency. The author focuses on the challenges to be faced at the initial stage of designing a hybrid complex, and also questions the payback of the project at the moment.
Supporting Quality Integrated Care for Adolescent Depression in Primary Care: A Learning System Approach
Authors: Sarakbi Diana , Groll Dianne , Tranmer Joan , Kessler Rodger , Sears Kim
Published: February 2024

Background: Quality integrated care, which involves primary care and mental health clinicians working together, can help identify and treat adolescent depression early. We explored systemic barriers to quality integrated care at the provincial level in Ontario, Canada using a learning system approach. Methods: Two Ontario Health Teams (OHTs), regional networks designed to support integrated care, completed the Practice Integration Profile (PIP) and participated in focus groups. Results: The OHTs had a median PIP score of 69 out of 100. Among the PIP domains, the lowest median score was case identification (50), and the highest one was workspace (100). The focus groups generated 180 statements mapped to the PIP domains. Workflow had the highest number of coded statements (59, 32.8%). Discussion: While the primary care practices included mental health clinicians on-site, the findings highlighted systemic barriers with adhering to the integrated care pathway for adolescent depression. These include limited access to mental health expertise for assessment and diagnosis, long wait times for treatment, and shortages of clinicians trained in evidence-based behavioral therapies. These challenges contributed to the reliance on antidepressants as the first line of treatment due to their accessibility rather than evidence-based guidelines. Conclusion: Primary care practices, within regional networks such as OHTs, can form learning systems to continuously identify the strategies needed to support quality integrated care for adolescent depression based on real-world data.
Stability of Serotonin Transporter Essential Amino Acid Complex with Curcumin and Demethoxycurcumin Compounds as Antidepressant Candidates Based on In Silico Test
Authors: Khanifah Farach , Puspita Sari Evi , Nugraha Gerry
Published: February 2024

A Depression is a mental problem that is common in all communities, including teenagers. It is estimated that 10-20% of teenagers in the world experience mental health problems. Turmeric at a dose of 560mg/KgBW was shown to be effective as an antidepressant in Wistar rats (rattus norvegicus). Computers offer in silico test methods as a complement to in vitro and in vivo methods which are commonly used in the process of discovering and developing the biological activity of chemical compounds or natural materials as drug candidates. The research results show that MD simulations on the serotonin transporter complex protein with the ligand Demethoxycurcumin are more stable than curcumin and fluvoxamine. The results of identifying the molecular dynamics determinant of binding with the native ligand are amino acid SER336 and the reference ligand is amino acid SER438.
Diseño e implementación de un módulo didáctico para la enseñanza de los parámetros de incidencia en el desempeño de un aerogenerador
Authors: Catota Pablo
Published: February 2024

En la actualidad el estudio de fuentes de energías renovables es importante con fin de evaluar su desempeño y conocer sus limitaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar y construir un módulo didáctico de un túnel de viento, para la evaluación y enseñanza del desempeño de un aerogenerador, mediante la variación de la velocidad del viento. El módulo didáctico propuesto está conformado por un aerogenerador de 600 W, un ventilador de 200 W, un túnel de viento y sensores para recolectar información de corriente, voltaje, temperatura, humedad y velocidad del viento. Estas señales se muestran en una interfaz gráfica donde el estudiante puede observar en tiempo real el comportamiento de dichas variables mediante curvas que se construyen por medio de la adquisición de datos en tiempo real. Esto permite a los estudiantes evaluar el efecto de la velocidad del viento en el desempeño del aerogenerador en la generación de energía eléctrica. El del módulo funcionamiento inicia cuando el ventilador se enciende y genera viento con una velocidad aproximadamente de 4.5 m/s. Este flujo se regula a través de un dimmer que permite incrementar la velocidad del viento progresivamente, permitiendo observar el efecto de la velocidad del viento en el aerogenerador.
Ingeniería y ciencias aplicadas: evaluación de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes de primeros semestres
Authors: Guerrero Urbano Fernanda , Jara Arias Diego Mauricio , Cedeño Ortiz Alan Elias , González Guambaña Katherine Michelle
Published: February 2024

El desarrollo tecnológico y científico de la sociedad depende en gran medida de la formación de ingenieros en ciencias, donde las habilidades adquieren una relevancia crucial para abordar los desafíos inherentes a este campo. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito determinar el nivel de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes de primer semestre de las carreras en el área de ingeniería y ciencias de una universidad ecuatoriana. El tipo de investigación realizada es no experimental y transversal. El enfoque es cuantitativo y descriptivo en su alcance, involucrando a 163 estudiantes. Se encontraron resultados que muestran que más del 50% de los estudiantes percibieron consistentemente estas habilidades en “casi siempre” y “siempre” según una escala tipo Likert con cinco niveles de evaluación. Esto refleja una percepción positiva, sin embargo, se identifica una debilidad en el dominio analítico e interpretativo, considerando que se encuentra en la etapa inicial de formación este dato es aceptable.