bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TNF-α: A Benificial or Harmful Pathogenic Cytokine in Cardiovascular System
Authors: Dhiman Sunny , Kumar Inder , Palia Priyankul , Jamwal Shalini , Kumar Pankaj
Published: January 2021

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF- alpha) plays important role in pathophysiology of cardiovascular system and had been comprehensively studied over the last 20 years.  These studies demonstrate both Detrimental and potentially conflicting roles of TNF-α in pathophysiology of heart. Beneficial effects of TNF-α includes cardioprotective action against ischemia, myocarditis, pressure overload and preventive action against potential adverse effects including development of atherosclerosis, reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and heart failure. However, TNF-α is still controversial for its beneficial or harmful effects for cardiovascular system. This review includes evaluation of possible role of TNF-α in cardiovascular system specifically in pathophysiology and morphology of cardiomyocytes. Further this article mainly emphases on the claimed role of TNF-α pathways with concerning essential cardiac cellular processes which may have unswerving adaptive effects in the heart with respect to future research directions. 

Keywords: Tumor Necrosis Factor, Hypertrophy, Pathophysiology, Cytokine, Pathology, Cardiovascular System.
Metabolic Syndrome Risk Associated with Atypical Antipsychotic Medication: A Case Report
Authors: Julaeha Julaeha , Athiyah Umi , Ayuningtyas Josephine P , Yuliana Verra , Hermansyah Andi
Published: January 2021

People with schizophrenia are vulnerable group suffer from metabolic syndrome events. Atypical antipsychotics associated with weight gain, insulin resistance, and profile lipid abnormalities. The present case was 32-year-old man schizophrenia outpatient had experienced metabolic syndrome side effects. Metabolic syndrome characterized by central obesity, hyperglicemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and several months feel an increase in appetite. Metabolic syndrome events might be associated with long-term atypical antipsychotics consuming and tobacco use. As pharmacists, We advised the patient to referral primary healthcare service for managing metabolic syndrome side effects. Pharmacists intervention through education and metabolic syndrome screening program have positive impacts on lifestyle modification such as decreasing number of cigarette consumption and caffeine intake, also increasing physical activity.

Keywords: Antipsychotics, Atypical antipsychotic, Metabolic syndrome, Pharmacist, Schizophrenia.
Fine granular area formation induced by localized shear strain accumulation under very high cycle fatigue
Authors: Zhang Huan-Jie , Yu Feng , Li Shu-Xin , He En-Guang
Published: January 2021

A new perspective of localized shear strain accumulation was proposed to
elucidate the formation mechanism of fine granular area (FGA) generated
in a high strength steel under very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF). On the
one hand, experiments of VHCF under the negative stress ratio of -1 was
carried out, and the microstructure of FGA was found and characterized
by using Scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscopy,
and Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction. The results show that the FGA
consists of high-density dislocations, sub-grains, and fine grains with
high angle grain boundaries. On the other hand, the evolution of shear
strain and fatigue damage at the vicinity of an inclusion was modelled
by using crystal plasticity finite element method at both positive and
negative stress ratios. The results show that although the overall
strain in VHCF is negligible, significant shear strain is accumulated at
the vicinity of the inclusion. Such a large local strain is the driving
force for the formation of FGA. The results also suggest that with the
accumulation of shear strain and damage, the positive stress ratio is
gradually evolved into negative. This may explain why FGA has also been
reported at positive stress ratios in some literatures.
Decay properties for evolution-parabolic coupled systems related to thermoelastic plate equations
Authors: Liu Yan , Cai Zihan , Zhang Shuanghu
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for a family of
evolution-parabolic coupled systems, which are related to the classical
thermoelastic plate equations containing non-local operators. By using
diagonalization procedure and WKB analysis, we derive representation of
solutions in the phase space. Then, sharp decay properties in a
framework of $L^p-L^q$ are investigated via these
representations. Particularly, some thresholds for the regularity-loss
type decay properties are found.
Evaluation of different mathematical models in the CFD-DEM simulation of conical spouted bed fluid dynamics
Authors: Batista J.N , Béttega R.
Published: January 2021

The input parameters, empirical, and semi-empirical models significantly influence the responses obtained by CFD-DEM simulations. In this work, the effects of three turbulence models, three conditions of the particle rotation, and five drag models, on the fluid dynamic behavior of a conical spout bed applied to the drying of sorghum grains were evaluated. Experimental data on the solids pressure drop, height, and shape of the fountain were used to validate the simulations. Results showed the importance of including the particle rotation in the model to approximate the results simulated with the experimental behavior. Compared with experimental data, considering the particle rotation by the Dennis et al. model, the deviation was 2% for the fountain height and 9.18% for the pressure drop. Whereas, for the model without the particle rotation, the deviations were 106.33 and 42.31% for the fountain height and pressure drop, respectively. For the analyzed case, the standard k-? turbulence model showed a greater agreement with the experimental data. For the drag models evaluated, the best fit with the experimental data was obtained by the Koch-Hill drag model, followed by the Gidaspow model, with deviations less than 10%.
Optimal vibration control of an isotropic beam through boundary conditions
Authors: Goktepe Korpeoglu Seda
Published: January 2021

An isotropic structure modelled as a Timoshenko beam is considered for the optimal vibration control problem. The beam model to be controlled is described by a distributed parameter system with the selection of Timoshenko?s shear correction factor. Control of the vibrations is achieved through a function placed on the boundary conditions. The performance index which seeks to be minimized indicates that the goal is to minimize the magnitude of performance measure without consuming control effort in large quantities. It is shown how to derive the optimal control function using Pontryagin?s principle that turns the control problem into solving optimality system of PDE with terminal values. Wellposedness of the optimal solution on the control set is presented and controllability of the problem is analyzed. Numerical simulations are given in terms of computer codes produced in MATLAB? in the forms of graphical and tables in order to show the applicability and effectiveness of the control acting on the boundary conditions.
Effects of liquefed petroleum gas use in a turbocharged stratified injection engine using ethanol/gasoline as pilot fuel
Authors: Ozer Salih , Akcay Mehmet , Vural Erdinc
Published: January 2021

The production of engines using turbocharged stratified injection technology has increased rapidly in recent years. In addition, the use of liquefied petroleum gas, which is an environmental and economical fuel, is increasing in vehicles. While liquefied petroleum gas cannot be used in turbocharged stratified injection engines before, liquefied petroleum gas kits have become applicable to these types of engines with the development of technology. Turbocharged stratified injection is used to provide the first ignition of liquid fuel in engines. Therefore, liquid fuel is sprayed from the injector and then added on liquefied petroleum gas to burn liquefied petroleum gas. Thus, unlike other systems, liquefied petroleum gas in use with the increase in efficiency is also provided. Alcohols (ethanol, methanol, butanol, etc.) biomass fuels are alternative fuel characteristics. There are many studies on the use of alcohols in internal combustion engines. What distinguishes this study is that turbocharged stratified injection is used as a pilot fuel to burn liquefied petroleum gas in an engine. In the study, a vehicle with a turbocharged stratified injection motor equipped with prins liquefied petroleum gas system was used. For this purpose, the effects of 5% (E5), 10% (E10), and 20% (E20) ethanol addition on engine power, engine torque and exhaust emissions were investigated. The vehicle experiments were carried out by increasing the engine speed from 500-5500 rpm in the chassis dynamometer. The findings showed that with E10+liquefied petroleum gas fuel, there is an increase in engine power and engine torque. There is also a reduction in all CO, CO2, and HC emissions.
Coating of diesel engine with new generation ceramic material to improve combustion and performance
Authors: Vural Erdinc , Ozel Serkan , Ozer Salih
Published: January 2021

In this study, piston and valve surfaces of a Diesel engine to improve exhaust emis?sion and engine performance values, NiCr with bond coat and without bond coat with Cr2O3, Al2O3+13%TiO2, Cr2O3+25%Al2O3 coatings were coated using plasma spray method. By examining the micro-structures of the coating materials, it was observed that a good coating bond is formed. In this study, unlike other coating applications, two different and proportions of specific ceramic powders were coated on the combustion chamber elements, mounted on a Diesel engine, and their effects on engine performance and emissions were tested on the engine dynamometer. For this purpose, the internal combustion engine was operated at 1400, 1700, 2000, 2300, 2600, 2900, and 3200 rpm engine speeds and engine power, engine torque, in-cylinder pressure changes and heat release rate values were recorded. In this study, the that results were obtained by comparing thermal barrier coated engine with standard engine. An increase of 14.92% in maximum engine power, 12.35% in engine torque, 13% in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate by 4.5%, and brake thermal efficiency by 10.17% was detected, while brake specific fuel consumption decreased by 14.96%.
Discretization of the method of generating an expanded family of distributions based upon truncated distributions
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Mohsin Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad , Farman Muhammad , Akgul Ali , Saleem Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Discretization translates the continuous functions into discrete version making them more adaptable for numerical computation and application in applied mathematics and computer sciences. In this article, discrete analogues of a generalization method of generating a new family of distributions is provided. Several new discrete distributions are derived using the proposed methodology. A discrete Weibull-Geometric distribution is considered and various of its significant characteristics including moment, survival function, reliability function, quantile function, and order statistics are discussed. The method of maximum likelihood and the method of moments are used to estimate the model parameters. The performance of the proposed model is probed through a real data set. A comparison of our model with some existing models is also given to demonstrate its efficiency.
Transhepatic venous access for hemodialysis: A single-centre expirience
Authors: Sarac Momir , Sjenicic Goran , Sekulic Dragan , Mickovic Sasa , Sarac Sanja , Rondovic Goran , Bezmarevic Mihailo
Published: January 2021

Introduction. A percutaneous transhepatic approach has been used to place
tunneled catheters in the inferior vena cava for hemodialysis. This route
through the suprahepatic vein could be used to place a tunnelled catheter for
permanent haemodialysis without complications and with an excellent
permeability rate. Single centre expirience. From 2011 to 2020 in a Military
Medical Academy we treated 4 patients with transhepatic central venous
catheter for hemodialysis. All of them had exhausted approaches during period
of hemodialysis. Arterio-venous fistulas had been thrombosed on the arms,
thrombosis subclavian vein billateraly or superior cava veinand complications
by femoral catheters was present. Peritoneal dialysis was not possible.
Discusion. Limited number of papers descripted outcome of placement
transhepatic catheters for hemodialysis. In our expirience one patient needed
scroll catheter due hemodialysis had not well outcome, and one patient needed
thrombolysis catheter.Two of them are on hemodialysis without complications
for 300 and 1650 days. Conclusion. The transhepatic venous access under
ultrasound and radioscopic guidance is a simple and safe method. It is an
acceptable alternative for permanent haemodialysis catheters when other
venous accesses are exhausted, and when it is performed by a well-trained
team.
Infections due to Clostridium Difficile
Authors: Goldberg Marcia B , Paras Molly , Coffey K.C
Published: January 2021

Clostridium difficile is one of the most common causes of healthcare associated infection in the United States. Despite significant attention and resources, national rates increased dramatically between 2000-2011 and have only started to decline in the last five years.. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) updated their clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of C. difficile disease in 2017. The recommended changes in therapeutic guidelines, recommendations for pediatric patient populations, and overview of available diagnostics are described herein. Additionally, this review discusses the changing epidemiology, examines the pathophysiology of the disease process, and outlines current infection control and prevention strategies.
 This review has 6 figures and 9 tables.
Key Words: Clostridium difficile, diarrhea, colitis, antibiotics, spores, nosocomial, hospital
The effect of social media on patient acceptance of temporary anchorage devices:
Authors: Sampson Ariane , Figueiredo Daniel S. F. , Jeremiah Huw G. , Oliveira Dauro D. , Freitas Laize R. P. , Chahoud Michele , Soares Rodrigo V. , Cobourne Martyn T.
Published: January 2021

Objectives

To investigate the relationship between the use of social networking sites (SNSs) on patient perceptions, acceptance, and expectations of treatment using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and to compare differences between patients from the United Kingdom and Brazil.

Materials and Methods

Cross-sectional questionnaires were administered to 39 participants at orthodontic practices in the United Kingdom and Brazil about patients' use of SNSs, exposure to TADs on SNSs, and thoughts on extractions, jaw surgery, or TADs as treatment options.

Results

UK patients prefer for clinicians to have SNS profiles (P = .022). Most UK and Brazilian patients want to see their clinician's work online (76.7%) and use SNSs to get information about treatment options (76.6%). There was a statistically significant difference in Brazilian patients' acceptance of TADs as a treatment option compared with UK patients, particularly if it meant avoiding extractions (P = .002), avoiding jaw surgery (P = .004), or reducing treatment time (P = .010). Knowledge of TADs was greater in Brazilian patients (P < .001).

Conclusions

Patients use SNSs to obtain information about treatments and prefer clinicians to have social media accounts. Patients exposed to TADs on SNSs are more likely to accept them as an orthodontic treatment option. UK patients have less knowledge of TADs and are therefore less sure to consider TADs as an option. Brazilian patients are more confident in considering the use of TADs. Clinicians should consider increasing their social media presence to accommodate patients' expectations and acceptance of TADs.
Üstyapı Sönüm Oranının Deprem Etkisindeki Kurşun Çekirdekli Elastomer Yalıtım Birimli Binalardaki Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: KANBİR Zafer , ALHAN Cenk , ÖZDEMİR Gökhan
Published: January 2021

Kurşun çekirdekli elastomer (KÇE) yalıtım birimleri yüksek enerji sönümleme kapasiteleri nedeniyle en çok kullanılan sismik yalıtım birimleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yapılan deneysel çalışmalar; kurşun çekirdekte tersinir yükler altında meydana gelen sıcaklık artışının, kurşunun akma dayanımını düşürerek karakteristik dayanımda azalmaya yol açtığını ve bu etkiyi dikkate almanın önemli olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sismik yalıtımlı binalarda yalıtım sisteminin yanı sıra, üstyapı da kendi iç sönümü sayesinde bir dereceye kadar enerji sönümleme özelliğine sahiptir. Ancak, bu yapıların tasarımlarında ve bu tür yapıları ele alan araştırma çalışmalarında üstyapı için farklı sönüm oranlarının kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, üstyapı sönümünün, (i) taban ankastre betonarme binalara benzer şekilde % 5 alınması, (ii) % 2 gibi daha küçük bir değer alınması ya da (iii) tamamen ihmal edilmesi durumunda sismik yalıtımlı binaların kurşun çekirdek ısınmasına bağlı davranışlarının değişimi incelenmiştir. Sismik yalıtımlı betonarme bir bina, OpenSees programında, kurşun çekirdek ısınmasının dayanım üzerindeki etkisi göz önünde bulundurularak modellenmiş ve zaman tanım alanında yapılan doğrusal olmayan analizlerden elde edilen kat ivmeleri, kurşun çekirdekteki sıcaklık artışı, yalıtım birimi kesme kuvvetleri ve deplasmanları gibi tepkiler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, özellikle kat ivmelerinin önemli ölçüde değişebildiğini ve farklı üstyapı sönüm oranlarıyla elde edilen kat ivmelerinin farklı sınır aralıklarında olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
AUTOMATED ANALYSIS OF RHYTHMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAN- LITERARY PROSAIC TEXT AS A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TEXT AFFILIATION TO A LITERARY PERIOD
Authors: BOYCHUK ELENA I. , MISHENKINA ELENA V.
Published: January 2021

The article analyses the rhythmic characteristics of Russian-language literary texts using the automated PRD (Prose Rhythm Detector) application. The authors consider the main approaches to the periodization of Russian literature of the XIX-XXI centuries in order to determine the affiliation of works to a particular epoch based on the specifics of the text rhythmic structures. The quantitative and statistical methods of the analysis are used.
Caso clínico: Lesão de Stener no Futebol. A Importância da Ecografia na Decisão Clínica
Authors:   Serviço de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação. Hospital de Braga, Silva Emanuel , Saavedra Mariana ,   Serviço de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação. Hospital Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Pontinha Marco ,   Serviço de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação. Hospital Privado de Alfena
Published: January 2021

Ligament thumb injuries are uncommon in professional or amateur football. In this paper, we discuss the physical examination and the choice of imaging tests for the diagnosis of Stener’s injury in an amateur goalkeeper. Traditionally, the hand radiography is the first image exam performed, and it may fail because it does not diagnose ligament injury. Ultrasound is more sensitive than conventional radiography for the diagnosis of these lesions and it does not use ionizing radiation and is widely available. Therefore, its use in the medical departments of clubs and hospitals should be encouraged as a first-line exam.
PENEKANAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BUSUK BATANG VANILI (FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. VANILLAE) MELALUI SELEKSI ASAM FUSARAT SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Nurcahyani Endang , Sumardi Issirep , Hadisutrisno Bambang , Suharyanto E.
Published: January 2021

The most biological constrain on Vanilla planifolia plantation recently was caused by epidemical disease that laterdecrease vanilla production. The most important disease on vanilla is foot rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.vanillae. So far, the disease has not been successfully controlled although some experiments had been conducted. Onealternative method has been introduced by using a new cultivar which was resistance to Fusarium). A mutant vanilla to thefungus has been initiated by in vitro selection on medium containing fusaric acid. The aims of this research were: (1) to investigate effective concentration of fusaric acid used for in vitro selection, (2) to characterize mutants which have been set up and also to test those mutants for their resistance to the fungus. The results showed that: (1) fusaric acid at the concentration of 110 ppm effectively suppressed the disease intensity up to 25% compared to the concentration of 90 ppm and 100 ppm. In other words, 110 ppm of fusaric acid has increased the category criterion from moderate to resistant, (2) there was an increase of the total phenol content and thickness of lignin in vanilla stem, and (3) the protein profile of vanilla plantlet was different from the control. There was an initiation of a new band of about 18 kD in a mutant predicted as a protein which is responsible for vanilla resistance to Fusarium.
UJI EFIKASI EKSTRAK GULMA SIAM TERHADAP MORTALITAS HAMA PENCUCUK BUAH KAKAO (HELOPELTIS SPP.) DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Fitriana Yuyun , Purnomo Purnomo , Hariri Agus M.
Published: January 2021

This research was aimed  to investigate the effect of siam weeds (C. odorata) extract on the mortality of Helopeltis spp., the effect of the addition of emulsifier on the toxicity of siam weed extract, and to find out a potential concentration of the siam weeds extract that can be used as bioinsecticide for Helopeltis spp. Six concentration levels of C. odorata were used as treatments: 0% (control), 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60%  by adding 0.3% or no emulsifier. Data collected were mortality  of  nymphs and adults of Helopeltis spp. The results showed that the application of the siam weeds (C. odorata) extract was able to kill of nymph and adult of Helopeltis spp. The mortality of nymph ranged  from 26.6% to 50.0% without emulsifier and 78.8% to 85.0%  with emulsifier, and for adult range 15.00% - 46.67% without emulsifier and 31.67% - 71.67% with emulsifier  for adult. The results confirm by adding emulsifier can enhance toxicity of siam weed extract to Helopeltis spp.. There was no significant effect of concentration level of siam weed on cocoa mirid mortality, therefore concentration level of 20% seems to be the potential concentration of siam weed extract that can be used as bioinsecticide of Helopeltis spp..
POTENSI TRIGONA SPP. SEBAGAI AGEN PENYEBAR BAKTERI RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM PHYLOTIPE IV PENYEBAB PENYAKIT DARAH PADA TANAMAN PISANG
Authors: Mairawita Mairawita , Habazar Trimurti , Hasyim Ahsol , Nasir Nasril
Published: January 2021

Banana blood disease (Blood Disease Bacteria, BDB) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV is the most important  banana disease in Indonesia. So far, information on the spread of disease by insects is very limited. The research was aimed to determine the role of insect as a disseminator of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV and to determine the amount of BDB inoculum carried by each individual insect.  The experiment was conducted in May - September 2008. Samples of insects (adult insects, the young insects, larvae, eggs), nectar, and pollen were taken from a colony of Trigona spp. collected from BDB endemic area, Baso plateau (876 m asl) using purposive sampling method. Active adult insects were collected from the BDB infected banana flowers and healthy banana flowers. BDB on adult insects was isolated from the caput and abdomen, while for the young insects, larvae and pupae the isolation source were not differentiated. Each of the samples was rinsed, macerated, and cultured on medium containing Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC).  BDB isolate characterization and identification were conducted through morphological, physiological, and pathogenicity tests.  The parameter observed was the: population of BDB (cfu/ml) on each stage of insect development. The results showed that BDB can be isolated from the outside and the inside of the body of an adult, a young insect, pupa, larva also on pollen and nectar but it was not found in eggs.  BDB population was higher in inside part fo the insect body in each phase of the development of the insect. From all phases, the BDB was higher in inner part of the body of adult insects which have visited infected banana flower.
KEMAMPUAN PREDASI TUNGAU PREDATOR Amblyseius sp. RESISTEN TEMPERATUR TERHADAP Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Bambang Budianto Heru , Basuki Edi
Published: January 2021

he predation ability of temperature resistant  Amblyseius sp. to Tetranychus urticae. Global warming and climate changes have caused great mortality of the predatory mites Amblyseius sp. that disrupts the natural control of Tetranychus urticae. In contrast, the low humidity and high temperature led to an increase in the population of T. urticae. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of temperature on population of the predatory mites Amblyseius sp. and to determine the predation ability of temperature resistant Amblyseius sp. on T. urticae. The selection of Amblyseius sp. was conducted at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 0C. The parental predatory mite Amblyseius sp., and subsequent descendants were exposed to the temperature range until the values of the LT50 fiducial limits (FL) of a certain generation did not overlap with that of the previous one. The effectiveness of Amblyseius sp. predation ability was studied using an experimental method  i.e. completely randomized design with four treatments and ten  replications . For this purpose, each stage of T. urticae, i.e. egg, larvae, nymph and adult was set as treatment and  was given to any type of temperature resistant predatory mite Amblyseius sp. The results showed that by using the temperature gradient, we managed to select temperature-resistant  individuals from their  population.  These individuals formed a population that was resistant to temperature of up to 33.3oC without losing their predatory capacity, especially on the egg stage of T.urticae.
UJI EFIKASI BIOINSEKTISIDA JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN BERFORMULASI CAIR TERHADAP Plutella xylostella (L.) DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Nunilahwati Haperidah , Herlinda Siti , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia , Khodijah Khodijah , Meidelima Dewi
Published: January 2021

Efficacy test of liquid bio-insecticide of entomopathogenic fungi in control against Plutella xylostella in the laboratory.  The insect pest P. xylostella could reduce crop production of Brassicaceae. The aim of research was to test the efficacy liquid bio insecticide with active ingredient of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae fungi to control P. xylostella. Bio-insecticide was applied by spraying  on mustard leaves infested with 50 individuals of third instar larvae of P. xylostella and a density of 1x106 conidia ml-1. Larval mortality was observed every 2 hours and LT50 of larvae was calculated. The study showed that the highest percentage of mortality found in Mt ES and Mt ES (cf) isolates was 99.6%, the lowest mortality at Mt NES isolate was 96.80%. LT50 and LT95 values   Bb ES were the lowest i.e. 2.04 days and 2.95 days. The highest LT50 and LT95 of Mt NES isolate were 2.24 days and 3.32 days. The liquid bio-insecticide of entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were effective to control the larvae of P. xylostella.
INTEGRATION OF BOTANICAL PESTICIDE AND ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO CONTROL THE BROWN STINK BUG Riptortus linearis F. (HEMIPTERA: ALYDIDAE) IN SOYBEAN
Authors: Suharsono Suharsono , Prayogo Yusmani
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTIntegration of botanical pesticide and entomopathogenic fungi to control the brown stink bug Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in soybean. The efficacy of botanical pesticides i.e. Annona squamosa seed powder (ASP) or  Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) integrated with entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium lecanii to control brown stink bug, Riptortus linearis F. was studied at Muneng Research Station, the Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) in June up to September 2011. The purpose of the research was to determine the efficacy of integration the natural pesticides i.e, A. squamosa seed powder (ASP) and Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) and entomopathogenic fungi L. lecanii to control brown stink bug. The treatments were application of (1) ASP 50 g/l, (2) JSP 50 g/l, (3) ASP 50 g/l + L. lecanii 107/ml, (4) JSP 50 g/l + L. lecanii 107/ml, (5) L. lecanii 107/ml, (6) deltametrin and (7) control (untreated). Application of ASP and  JSP combined with L. lecanii decreased the hatched eggs by 84% and 82%, respectively. However, reduction of hactched egg from a single application of ASP and JSP were 56-61% . ASP and JSP  combined with L. lecanii reduced both nymphs and adult  stink bug population built up and damage (empty pod). Application of ASP and JSP in combination with L. lecanii  did not affects the survival of  generalist predators such as Paederus sp., Oxyopes sp. and Coccinella sp. as opposed to chemical insecticide that did. The integration of ASP or JSP with entomopthogenic fungi L. lecanii  was able to increase the efficacy of brown stink bug control.
INDUKSI KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN PADI DI LAPANGAN MENGGUNAKAN RIZOBAKTERI INDIGENOS
Authors: Khaeruni Andi , Rahim Abdul , Syair Syair , Adriani Adriani
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTInduced resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease in rice field by indigenous rhizobacteria.  Bacterial leaf blight is the most important disease on paddy at Southeast Sulawesi. Utilization of biological agents that induce plant resistance is an alternative tool to control bacterial leaf blight disease on paddy. The aim of  the experiment was obtain rhizobacteria that were able to stimulate the growth of paddy plants as well induce plant resistance towards bacterial leaf blight in the field. All experiment units were arranged with a factorial design in a randomized complete block design. The first factor was the rhizobacteria isolates, consisting 4 treatments, i.e: without rhizobacteria (R0), isolate P11a (R1), isolate PKLK5 (IR2), and  mixture P11a and PKLK5 (R3), the second factor is paddy varieties, (V1): IR64 variety, (V2): Cisantana variety. The pathogen was inoculated on leaf when 45 day after crop.  Weekly observation of disease severity, vegetative plant growth (leaf and stem numbers), and yield were conducted. The results showed that the 10 isolates of rhizobacteria tested were able to induce plant resistance toward bacterial leaf blight, stimulated vegetative growth as well as increased yield of paddy plant. Rhizobacteria application could increase the resistance of paddy toward Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The application rhizobacteria could increase the vegetative plant growth, application  mixture P11a and PKLK5 isolates showed higher resistance than single application in terms of plant growth and yield, both IR64 and Cisantana varietes
IDENTIFIKASI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT DAUN KERITING KUNING PADA TANAMAN MENTIMUN
Authors: Septariani Dwiwiyati Nurul , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Nurhayati Endang
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTIdentification of the causal agent of yellow leaf curl disease on cucumbers.  Yellow leaf curl disease has been reported to cause serious diseases and yield losses on tobacco, chilli pepper, and tomato plants in Java. Similar symptoms were observed recently on cucumber plants from several growing areas in West Java (Bogor), Central Java (Tegal and Sukoharjo), and Yogyakarta (Sleman). Symptom variations  including mosaic, chlorotic spotting, leaf curling, blistering, vein banding, reduction and distortion of leaf and fruit were observed. Serological detection using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed infection of several viruses. Antibodies specific to Squash mosaic comovirus (SqMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZyMV), dan Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) were reacted positively with field samples. No serological reactions were observed with antibodies to Tobacco ringspot potyvirus (TRSV) and Watermelon mosaic potyvirus (WMV). Molecular detection approach based on Polymerase Chain Reaction was undergone using universal primers for Geminivirus, pAL1v1978 and pAR1c715. DNA fragment 1600 bp in size, was successfully amplified from leaf samples originated from Tegal, Sleman, Bogor, and Sukoharjo. Further identification by nucleotide sequencing indicated that virus isolates causing yellow leaf curl disease on cucumber have highest homology (95.7% to 98.6%) with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-[Cucumber:Indonesia] (AB613825) from Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia.
PENGARUH PENYUNGKUPAN DAN PENGGUNAAN INSEKTISIDA TERHADAP POPULASI KUMBANG DAUN DAN KERUSAKAN PADA TANAMAN SAWI
Authors: Octavianty Mirra , Murni Imas Vita Mulisa , Susilo F.X.
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to test the efficacy of plant caging and insecticide treatment on the leaf beetle abundance and leaf beetle-induced damage on mustard plants. The field experiment consisted of three treatments (caging, insecticide and control) that were set in a completely randomized design with six replicates. Bamboo-framed screen cloth was used as cage while alfametrin was applied at recommended rate. The response variables were leaf beetle abundance (observed using a direct count method) and damage on mustard plants (percentage of severity and incidence). Result showed that plant caging effectively reduced pest abundance, damage severity (43%) and damage incidence (83%). Alfametrin spray slightly reduced leaf beetle abundance, damage severity (12%) and damage incidence (5%). Leaf beetle abundance positively correlated with damage severity (R2 = 0.714). Addition of one leaf beetle individual increased damage severity of 5%
IDENTIFIKASI PATOTIPE GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS MENGGUNAKAN KLON DIFERENSIAL
Authors: Lisnawita Lisnawita , Supramana Supramana , Suastika Gede
Published: January 2021

Identification of Globodera rostochiensis using differential clones. Potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, is a relatively new pathogen in Indonesia that becomes a constraint to potato production. To manage the parasite effectively, it is very important to identify the pathotype of  G. rostochiensis populations. Therefore, this research was carried out to identify G.  rostochiensis pathotypes. Four G. rostochiensis samples, consisting of three samples from East Java and one sample from Central Java, were identified using a set of differential clones. The result showed that G. rostochiensis samples from East Java were new pathotype, whereas the sample from Central Java was Ro1 pathotype.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KEKERABATAN LALAT BUAH (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN MOLEKULAR (RAPD-PCR DAN SEKUENSING DNA)
Authors: Pramudi M Indar , Puspitarini Retno Dyah , Rahardjo Bambang Tri
Published: January 2021

Diversity and phylogeny of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in South Kalimantan based on morphology and molecular (RAPD-PCR and DNA sequencing). Seven species of fruit fly was known by morphological identification. The fruit flies were found from  trapping with methyl eugenol and fruit collecting at all study sites in South Kalimantan. The results showed that as much as 17  plants were infected by fruit fly. Dendrogram based on morphological identification analyzed by using UPGMA with MEGA 4 program consisted in a group consisting of 5 sub-groups. Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera papayae of morphology were still a closely related fruit fly at 0.935. Whereas, based on RAPD result analized by UPGMA using 20 character of DNA based, showed that out of seven species consisted 2 groups, 1st group were B. umbrosa,  B. occipitalis and sub-group of B. latifrons. The second group consists of sub-groups B.carambolae, B. papaya, sub-group B. albistrigata and B. cucurbitae. The results of dendrogram from sequencing DNA fruit fly analysis comprised one of group and three sub-groups. The first sub-groups were B. papayae, B. carambolae, B. occipitalis, B.latifrons. The second subgroup were B. cucurbitae and B. umbrosa. While B. albistrigata separate but still one group with another fruit flies. The results of DNA sequencing showed that there were a homology of the seven species of the fruit fly i.e at 83 base pair / bp (C), 101 bp (T), 265 bp (G), 420 bp (A), 432 bp (T), 600 bp (A ). The length of the base pair for B. occipitalis, B. cucurbitae, B. albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. papayae, B. latifrons were respectively 615, 898, 570.969, 898 and 615 bp. The results of morphological analysis and RAPD methods showed difference in the distribution of groups and sub-groups. But based on morphologycal and DNA identification seven species of fruit flies found were all same as the genebank.
POPULASI DAN SERANGAN KUTU PUTIH PEPAYA, PARACOCCUS MARGINATUS (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TANAMAN PEPAYA DI DAERAH DATARAN RENDAH SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Thalib Rosdah , Rozi Rossi Fachrullah , Adam Triani , Khodijah Khodijah , Herlinda Siti
Published: January 2021

Populations and damage by the papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on papaya inlowland areas of South Sumatera. One of the main problems in papaya cultivation today is the presence of a newlyintroduced pest, the white papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). This study aimed toobserve the mealybug populations and its damage percentage in papaya plants and to identify its host plants in SouthSumatera. The study was carried out on the fruit and vegetable producing area in Indralaya, South Sumatera. The survey wasconducted on papaya plantation plots with a minimum size of 1000 m2. Data from the observation indicated that populationsof P. marginatus on papaya fruit were not significantly different to those on papaya leaves, except for the first observation inthe rainy season. In general, the percentages of mealybug damages were not affected by the season and the percentages ofdamage on the leaves were not different from those on the fruits of the papaya plants. Inventory of P. marginatus host plantson the area resulted in a total of 12 species of host plants dominated by dicotyledonous plant species. The host plants werefrom 11 families, i.e. Anacardiaceae, Caricaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae,Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, and Solanaceae.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS ORGANISASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DAN INAP ( STUDI PADA RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH )
Authors: Rustandi Rustandi
Published: January 2021

Masalah pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan  inap merupakan masalah yang sangat urgen karena dalam penanganan dan pengelolaannya memerlukan keterampilan kecekatan bahkan biaya peralatan medis yang tinggi. Karena itu pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah yang lebih efektif merupakan suatu keharusan, Berdasarkan data dari Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah, ternyata pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap masih belum efektif, ini berarti pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah  belum sepenuhnya efektif.
Studi ini berujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana implementasi kebijakan kesehatan dan sejauh mana pengaruhnya terhadap efektifitas organisasi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dalam meningkatkan pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif serta mengacu pada teori implementasi kebijakan yang mempunyai empat komponen yaitu komunikasi, sumber daya, diposisi atau sikap para pelaksana dan struktur birokrasi. Keempat komponen dari teori implementasi kebijakan menjadi pilihan dalam mendampingi penelitian ini, srta sekaligus  merupakan sub variabel bebas dari studi ini.
Dalam penelitian ini ditentukan populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah pegawai pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah.. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan proporsional random sampling dengan ukuran sampel 122. Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan angket yang dirancang sesuai dengan keperluan penelitian dan observasi. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan kesehatan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap efektivitas organisasi umah Sakit Umum Daerah dalam meningkatkan pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap. Di lain pihak faktor disposisi atau sikap para pelaksana memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap efektivitas organisasi Rumah Sakit Umum Daehrah dalam meningkatkan pelayanan pasien rawat jalan dan inap.
Emotional perception of COVID-19 in Mexico: Comparative study between phase 1, phase 2 and the media
Authors: Lugo-González Isaías Vicente , Pérez-Bautista Yuma Yoaly , Becerra-Gálvez Ana Leticia , Fernández-Vega Margarita , Reynoso-Erazo Leonardo
Published: January 2021

Background: Since the first COVID-19 cases in Mexico there have been a variety of emotional responses that have in common fear and stress. The emotional impact of COVID-19 is built in some way because the information flooding parallels the pandemic phases, the transition between them, and illness perception. The aim of the present work was to compare the perception of COVID-19 between phases 1 and 2 of the pandemic and between the information media used to inform themselves in the Mexican population. Methods: Considering a chain sampling, a comparative study was carried out in which an evaluation battery was disseminated through email and social networks, which was answered by 1560 participants. Results: The concern about the consequences of COVID-19 and its emotional impact increased when going from phase 1 to phase 2 of the pandemic. In addition, it was identified that the emotional impact was greater in those who reported through Facebook® and television. Conclusions: The pandemic will have a progressive emotional impact as its phases progress and the importance of informing oneself in adequate means to prevent emotional consequences.
Peran Organisasi Perempuan dalam Pembangunan
Authors: Tane Tiara , Fatmariza Fatmariza
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peran organisasi perempuan dalam pembangunan di Nagari Canduang, Koto Laweh, Kabupaten Agam serta mengidentifikasi upaya organisasi perempuan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi anggotanya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Informan yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah tokoh pemerintahan, tokoh masyarakat, pengurus organisasi perempuan/kader dan masyarakat yang tinggal di kanagarian tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: peran dari masing-masing organiasi perempuan sudah menunjukkan ke arah pembangunan sosial dalam bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi, dan budaya. Pembangunan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat khususnya perempuan. Pembangunan di bidang pendidikan oleh organisasi perempuan dilakukan melalui penyuluhan, sosialisasi, dakwah, pemberian kursus keterampilan-keterampilan serta pemberian bantuan pendidikan. Di bidang kesehatan, organisasi perempuan berupaya meningkatkan kesehatan ibu dan anak, meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan bagi lansia, pengembangan pelayanan kesehatan, pemberantasan penyakit menular, pencegahan stunting dan peningkatan kualitas lingkungan bersih dan sehat. Di bidang ekonomi, organisasi perempuan Nagari melakukan program pengembangan kegiatan pertanian, peternakan, dan kewirausahaan. Selain itu, upaya organisasi dalam meningkatkan partisipasi perempuan dilakukan melalui pemberian motivasi, koordinasi dan komunikasi, serta melaksanakan tugas pengawasan. Kendala yang dihadapi terkait partisipasi perempuan dalam pembangunan adalah keterbatasan waktu dan peran ganda kaum perempuan, rendahnya pengetahuan dan tingkat pendidikan kaum perempuan dan keterbatasan dana dalam menjalankan kegiatan organisasi.
Beban Ganda: Kerentanan Perempuan Pada Keluarga Miskin
Authors: Chandra Krisna Yuni , Fatmariza Fatmariza
Published: January 2021

Beban ganda seringkali menimbulkan kerentanan dan ketidakadilan bagi perempuan, terutama pada keluarga miskin dan mereka yang bekerja sebagai buruh. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan beban ganda perempuan keluarga miskin yang bekerja sebagai buruh pada peternakan ayam. Jenis penelitian ini ialah kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Purposive sampling digunakan sebagai teknik dalam penentuan informan penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Miles dan Hurben (1984) dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verfikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beban ganda perempuan buruh tidak hanya berkaitan dengan beban kerja fisik dalam mengurus rumah dan bekerja sebagai buruh, tetapi juga beban psikologis berupa cemoohan karena dianggap tidak mampu untuk melakukan pekerjaan rumah tangga dengan baik. Meskipun buruh perempuan mampu membantu memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi keluarganya, namun mereka harus menanggung beban pekerjaan yang cukup berat sebagai buruh yang bekerja di peternakan ayam, yang mengeluhkan lelah dan pegal-pegal akibat pekerjaannya. Selain itu lingkungan pekerjaan (peternakan ayam) yang kurang nyaman bagi mereka, yaitu bau yang kurang enak di peternakan tersebut. Cemoohan karena tidak mampu melakukan pekerjaan rumah dengan baik pun mereka terima akibat beban ganda yang mereka alami. Lalu waktu untuk berkumpul dengan keluarga pun menjadi berkurang, karena waktu mereka banyak dihabiskan di tempat bekerja. Untuk menghadapi beban ganda yang mereka alami, perempuan buruh membagi waktu nya untuk melakukan semua pekerjaa yang harus mereka kerjakan. Lalu menumbuhkan semangat kerja agar tetap mampu memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga.
SVM ALGORITHM FOR PREDICTING RICE YIELDS
Authors: Nafi'iyah Nur
Published: January 2021

Agriculture in Indonesia is highly dependent on reservoir irrigation water sources and rain. Because some agricultural land in Indonesia is rainfed. Plants in Indonesia rely on water from rain and irrigation. Weather conditions greatly affect the number of farmers' harvest. Farmers often experience crop failures due to changing weather. From data from the Central Statistics Agency, it is stated that the number of rice yields in 2019 decreased by 7.76% compared to 2018. In order to avoid rice imports and rice food shortages, a breakthrough is needed that can help the government in making policies. One of the breakthroughs is creating a rice yield prediction system. The research process consisted of collecting data via the web: https://www.pertanian.go.id/home/?show=page&act=view&id=61. The data shows the variables of province, year, land area, production. The total number of data is 170 rows, with a division of 130 lines for training, and 40 for testing. Furthermore, the data is processed and processed and normalized. The results of data processing are then trained and predicted with a linear SVM kernel. The results of SVM prediction with original data without normalization of MAPE 6635.53%, and RMSE 1094810.74. The results of SVM prediction with normalized data first, the MAPE value was 9427.714%, and RMSE 0.017.
Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Lamban Belajar dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Bangun Datar
Authors: Supriadi Nanang , Damayanti Rani
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out how mathematical communication ability of students slow in learning to solve the problem of waking flat in SD Negeri 1 Sukamaju Abung semuli north Lampung. The research method used is descriptive research using qualitative approach. The result of the research can be concluded is that the students write communication is slower to learn better than oral communication, it can be seen from the result of the answer of the student who answer the correct bigger than the student answer that correct answer in oral communication. It is said that students are slow to learn to have limitations to talk or convey ideas so they are more silent or even just smiling.