bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aragonite bias exhibits systematic spatial variation in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, North America
Authors: Dean Christopher D. , Allison Peter A. , Hampson Gary J. , Hill Jon
Published: September 2019

Preferential dissolution of the biogenic carbonate polymorph aragonite promotes preservational bias in shelly marine faunas. While field studies have documented the impact of preferential aragonite dissolution on fossil molluscan diversity, its impact on regional and global biodiversity metrics is debated. Epicontinental seas are especially prone to conditions that both promote and inhibit preferential dissolution, which may result in spatially extensive zones with variable preservation. Here we present a multifaceted evaluation of aragonite dissolution within the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America. Occurrence data of mollusks from two time intervals (Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, early Campanian) are plotted on new high-resolution paleogeographies to assess aragonite preservation within the seaway. Fossil occurrences, diversity estimates, and sampling probabilities for calcitic and aragonitic fauna were compared in zones defined by depth and distance from the seaway margins. Apparent range sizes, which could be influenced by differential preservation potential of aragonite between separate localities, were also compared. Our results are consistent with exacerbated aragonite dissolution within specific depth zones for both time slices, with aragonitic bivalves additionally showing a statistically significant decrease in range size compared with calcitic fauna within carbonate-dominated Cenomanian–Turonian strata. However, we are unable to conclusively show that aragonite dissolution impacted diversity estimates. Therefore, while aragonite dissolution is likely to have affected the preservation of fauna in specific localities, time averaging and instantaneous preservation events preserve regional biodiversity. Our results suggest that the spatial expression of taphonomic biases should be an important consideration for paleontologists working on paleobiogeographic problems.
Do documented records and retrospective reports of childhood maltreatment similarly predict chronic inflammation?
Authors: Osborn Max , Widom Cathy Spatz
Published: September 2019

Background

Childhood adversities have been associated with chronic inflammation and risk for cardiovascular disease. With some exceptions, existing knowledge of this relationship is based on retrospective self-reports, potentially subject to recall bias or memory problems. We seek to determine whether childhood maltreatment is associated with higher C-reactive protein (CRP) later in life and whether individuals with official and retrospective self-reports of maltreatment and men and women show similar increases in risk.

Methods

Data are from in-person interviews in 2009–2010 with 443 offspring (mean age = 23.4) of parents in a longitudinal study of the consequences of childhood maltreatment. Official reports of maltreatment were abstracted from 2011–2013 Child Protective Services records. Eleven measures were used to assess self-reported maltreatment retrospectively. Seventeen percent of offspring had official reports, whereas self-reported prevalence rates ranged from 5.4% to 64.8%. CRP was assessed through blood spot samples. Regression models were used to estimate the effect of maltreatment on inflammation, adjusting for age, sex, race, parent occupational status, current depression, smoking, and heavy drinking.

Results

Individuals with official reports of child maltreatment and, specifically, physical abuse, had significantly higher levels of CRP than non-maltreated individuals. Maltreated females showed elevated CRP, independent of control variables, whereas no significant association was observed in males. Retrospective self-report measures of child maltreatment did not predict elevated CRP.

Conclusions

Individuals with documented histories of childhood maltreatment are at increased risk for chronic inflammation and may benefit from targeted interventions. The results strengthen inferences about the effects of childhood maltreatment on inflammation in females.
Object transfers: An embodied resource to progress joint activities and build relative agency
Authors: Tuncer Sylvaine , Haddington Pentti
Published: September 2019

This article builds on ethnomethodological, conversation analytic research on object transfers: how participants hand over objects to one another. By analyzing video recordings of mundane (cars) and institutional interactions (laboratories), we focus on situations where an object is central to and talked about in the joint course of action. We focus on different organizations of object transfer and show that one embodied move is decisive, either a sequentially implicative ‘give’ or an arm extension designed as a stand-alone ‘take’. We examine the interrelationship between the organization of the object transfer and the broader course of action (e.g. request or offer sequence), which is either overlapping or intersecting. We demonstrate that by making the decisive move, either the participant initially holding the object or her recipient critically influences the progression and trajectory of the activity, and displays agency. (Ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis, multimodal interactions, objects in interaction, object transfers, agency)*
Reference genes selection for real-time quantitative PCR analysis in mouse germinal vesicle oocytes
Authors: Filatov M.A. , Nikishin D.A. , Khramova Y.V. , Semenova M.L.
Published: September 2019

Reference gene selection in mouse oocytes is an important task required to perform further adequate analysis of target gene expression levels. In the current work we have analyzed expression stability of the seven most commonly used reference genes (Actb, Eef1e1, Gapdh, H2afz, Ppia, Rpl4andUbc) in mouse oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. We have performed analysis of expression stability of the above-mentioned reference genes with the three most commonly used software tools: geNorm, BestKeeper and NormFinder. Taking into account the results obtained from all of these programmesGapdh, Rpl4andH2afzseem to be suitable candidate reference genes in GV oocytes of mouse.
Time-Based Prospective Memory Is Associated with Functional Performance in Persons with MS
Authors: Weber Erica , Chiaravalloti Nancy D. , DeLuca John , Goverover Yael
Published: September 2019

Objective:

Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report prospective memory (PM) failures that directly impact their everyday life. However, it is not known whether PM deficits confer an increased risk of poorer everyday functioning. The aims of this study were to: (1) compare time- (Time-PM) and event-based PM (Event-PM) performance between persons with MS and healthy controls (HCs), (2) examine the neuropsychological correlates of PM in MS, and (3) examine the relationship between PM and everyday functioning in MS.

Method:

A between-subjects design was used to examine 30 adults with MS and 30 community-dwelling HC. Participants were administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) to assess PM skills, the Actual Reality™ (AR) to assess everyday functioning, and a battery of cognitive tests.

Results:

The MS group performed significantly worse on Time-PM compared to HC but not on Event-PM tasks. While both Time-PM and Event-PM subscales were correlated with retrospective learning and memory, the MIST Time-PM subscale was correlated with executive functions. Significant correlations were observed between AR and the MIST Time-PM, but not Event-PM, subscales.

Conclusions:

The results highlight the role of executive functions on Time-PM. Furthermore, significant relationships with AR extend the ecological validity of the MIST to MS populations.
ALGEBRAIC CUNTZ–KRIEGER ALGEBRAS
Authors: NASR-ISFAHANI ALIREZA
Published: September 2019

We show that a directed graph $E$ is a finite graph with no sinks if and only if, for each commutative unital ring $R$, the Leavitt path algebra $L_{R}(E)$ is isomorphic to an algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebra if and only if the $C^{\ast }$-algebra $C^{\ast }(E)$ is unital and $\text{rank}(K_{0}(C^{\ast }(E)))=\text{rank}(K_{1}(C^{\ast }(E)))$. Let $k$ be a field and $k^{\times }$ be the group of units of $k$. When $\text{rank}(k^{\times })<\infty$, we show that the Leavitt path algebra $L_{k}(E)$ is isomorphic to an algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebra if and only if $L_{k}(E)$ is unital and $\text{rank}(K_{1}(L_{k}(E)))=(\text{rank}(k^{\times })+1)\text{rank}(K_{0}(L_{k}(E)))$. We also show that any unital $k$-algebra which is Morita equivalent or stably isomorphic to an algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebra, is isomorphic to an algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebra. As a consequence, corners of algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebras are algebraic Cuntz–Krieger algebras.
What do we call money? An appraisal of the money or non-money view
Authors: Frasser Cristian , Guzmán Gabriel
Published: September 2019

Part of the debate fueled by cryptocurrencies has revolved around the question of what we call money. This paper identifies two traditions in monetary theory that have tried to answer that question. On the one hand,the money or non-money viewfollows a strategy proposed by a version ofphilosophical essentialism, in which there is a set of defining characteristics of money that make it categorically different from other things used in transactions. On the other hand,the liquidity degree viewemphasizes that the multiple objects that circulate as a means of payment differ in their degree of acceptability. Since there is no absolute standard of liquidity, a precise dividing line between money and non-money cannot be drawn. We challengethe money or non-money view, arguing that there is nothing in the nature of money that can be interpreted as a natural kind essence by which money can be categorically separated from non-money.
The loss of ERE-dependent ERα signaling potentiates the effects of maternal high-fat diet on energy homeostasis in female offspring fed an obesogenic diet
Authors: Roepke Troy A. , Yasrebi Ali , Villalobos Alejandra , Krumm Elizabeth A. , Yang Jennifer A. , Mamounis Kyle J.
Published: September 2019

Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) alters hypothalamic programming and disrupts offspring energy homeostasis in rodents. We previously reported that the loss of ERα signaling partially blocks the effects of maternal HFD in female offspring fed a standard chow diet. In a companion study, we determined if the effects of maternal HFD were magnified by an adult obesogenic diet in our transgenic mouse models. Heterozygous ERα knockout (wild-type (WT)/KO) dams were fed a control breeder chow diet (25% fat) or a semipurified HFD (45% fat) 4 weeks prior to mating with heterozygous males (WT/KO or WT/ knockin) to produce WT, ERα KO, or ERα knockin/knockout (KIKO) (no estrogen response element (ERE) binding) female offspring, which were fed HFD for 20 weeks. Maternal HFD potentiated the effects of adult HFD on KIKO and KO body weight due to increased adiposity and decreased activity. Maternal HFD also produced KIKO females that exhibit KO-like insulin intolerance and impaired glucose homeostasis. Maternal HFD increased plasma interleukin 6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 levels andG6pcandPepckliver expression only in WT mice. Insulin and tumor necrosis factor α levels were higher in KO offspring from HFD-fed dams. Arcuate and liver expression ofEsr1was altered in KIKO and WT, respectively. These data suggest that loss of ERE-dependent ERα signaling, and not total ERα signaling, sensitizes females to the deleterious influence of maternal HFD on offspring energy and glucose potentially through the control of peripheral inflammation and hypothalamic and liver gene expression. Future studies will interrogate the tissue-specific mechanisms of maternal HFD programming through ERα signaling.
IGEMS: The Consortium on Interplay of Genes and Environment Across Multiple Studies — An Update
Authors: Pedersen Nancy L. , Gatz Margaret , Finch Brian K. , Finkel Deborah , Butler David A. , Dahl Aslan Anna , Franz Carol E. , Kaprio Jaakko , Lapham Susan , McGue Matt , Mosing Miriam A. , Neiderhiser Jenae , Nygaard Marianne , Panizzon Matthew , Prescott Carol A. , Reynolds Chandra A. , Sachdev Perminder , Whitfield Keith E.
Published: September 2019

The Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) is a consortium of 18 twin studies from 5 different countries (Sweden, Denmark, Finland, United States, and Australia) established to explore the nature of gene–environment (GE) interplay in functioning across the adult lifespan. Fifteen of the studies are longitudinal, with follow-up as long as 59 years after baseline. The combined data from over 76,000 participants aged 14–103 at intake (including over 10,000 monozygotic and over 17,000 dizygotic twin pairs) support two primary research emphases: (1) investigation of models of GE interplay of early life adversity, and social factors at micro and macro environmental levels and with diverse outcomes, including mortality, physical functioning and psychological functioning; and (2) improved understanding of risk and protective factors for dementia by incorporating unmeasured and measured genetic factors with a wide range of exposures measured in young adulthood, midlife and later life.
Parent Experience With Volunteers and Support Groups in a Multidisciplinary Difference of Sex Development Clinic
Authors: Nokoff Natalie , Ariefdjohan Merlin , Travers Sharon , Buchanan Cindy
Published: September 2019

Objective: Despite recommendations that clinics for children with a difference of sex development (DSD) should include peer support, information on how to provide this support is lacking. We utilized a mixed-methods program evaluation to evaluate family satisfaction with our clinic-based volunteers (who either have a DSD themselves or are a parent of a child with a DSD) and to understand the experience of these volunteers. Method: Parents ( n = 29) of a child with a DSD completed an electronic survey. Interviews were conducted with 3 clinic volunteers. Results: Most participants (72%) met with a clinic volunteer, and the majority (81%) rated their interaction as helpful. Most common topics discussed between parents and volunteers included connecting to support groups (81%), their child’s future (62%), and learning about their child’s diagnosis (48%). Half of the parents (48%) attended an postclinic support group lunch, and 43% of these attendees rated the lunch session as helpful. Parents who attended a lunch liked the experience because they met other families with a child with a similar medical condition (100%) and met volunteers with a similar medical condition (64%), and this helped them think more positively about their child’s future (64%). Those who did not attend a lunch cited logistical reasons for not attending. Conclusions: Incorporating clinic volunteers into a multidisciplinary DSD clinic is associated with high reported rates of satisfaction by families and volunteers.

Implications for Impact Statement

Adult volunteers with a difference of sex development are rarely incorporated into multidisciplinary pediatric programs. This single-site study showed that most parents who met with a volunteer in the clinic found their interaction to be helpful in coping with their child’s condition.
Active PLK1-driven metastasis is amplified by TGF-β signaling that forms a positive feedback loop in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shin Sol-Bi , Jang Hay-Ran , Xu Rong , Won Jae-Yeon , Yim Hyungshin
Published: September 2019

Early findings that PLK1 is highly expressed in cancer have driven an exploration of its functions in metastasis. However, whether PLK1 induces metastasis in vivo and its underlying mechanisms in NSCLC have not yet been determined. Here, we show that the expression of active PLK1 phosphorylated at T210, abundant in TGF-β-treated lung cells, potently induced metastasis in a tail-vein injection model. Active PLK1 with intact polo-box and ATP-binding domains accelerated cell motility and invasiveness by triggering EMT reprogramming, whereas a phosphomimetic version of p-S137-PLK1 did not, indicating that the phosphorylation status of PLK1 may determine the cell traits. Active PLK1-driven invasiveness upregulated TGF-β signaling and TSG6 encoded by TNFAIP6. Loss of TNFAIP6 disturbed the metastatic activity induced by active PLK1 or TGF-β. Clinical relevance shows that PLK1 and TNFAIP6 are strong predictors of poor survival rates in metastatic NSCLC patients. Therefore, we suggest that active PLK1 promotes metastasis by upregulating TGF-β signaling, which amplifies its metastatic properties by forming a positive feedback loop and that the PLK1/TGF-β-driven metastasis is effectively blocked by targeting PLK1 and TSG6, providing PLK1 and TSG6 as negative markers for prognostics and therapeutic targets in metastatic NSCLC.
Correction: Loss of the novel mitochondrial protein FAM210B promotes metastasis via PDK4-dependent metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Sun Shujuan , Liu Jia , Zhao Meisong , Han Yingyan , Chen Pingbo , Mo Qingqing , Wang Beibei , Chen Gang , Fang Yong , Tian Yuan , Zhou Jianfeng , Ma Ding , Gao Qinglei , Wu Peng
Published: September 2019

Following publication of this article [1], the authors became aware of an error in Fig. 7e which requires correction. The images do not currently match the correct treatment and/or control conditions. Specifically, the images of siNC+AD-ctr (the top left panel) and siPDK4+AD-PDK4 (the bottom right panel) were incorrect. The error does not impact the conclusions of the article. They sincerely apologize for the mistakes in the article and any inconvenience caused.
A checklist for maximizing reproducibility of ecological niche models
Authors: Feng Xiao , Park Daniel S. , Walker Cassondra , Peterson A. Townsend , Merow Cory , Papeş Monica
Published: September 2019

Reporting specific modelling methods and metadata is essential to the reproducibility of ecological studies, yet guidelines rarely exist regarding what information should be noted. Here, we address this issue for ecological niche modelling or species distribution modelling, a rapidly developing toolset in ecology used across many aspects of biodiversity science. Our quantitative review of the recent literature reveals a general lack of sufficient information to fully reproduce the work. Over two-thirds of the examined studies neglected to report the version or access date of the underlying data, and only half reported model parameters. To address this problem, we propose adopting a checklist to guide studies in reporting at least the minimum information necessary for ecological niche modelling reproducibility, offering a straightforward way to balance efficiency and accuracy. We encourage the ecological niche modelling community, as well as journal reviewers and editors, to utilize and further develop this framework to facilitate and improve the reproducibility of future work. The proposed checklist framework is generalizable to other areas of ecology, especially those utilizing biodiversity data, environmental data and statistical modelling, and could also be adopted by a broader array of disciplines.
Glucagon-like peptide-2 rescues memory impairments and neuropathological changes in a mouse model of dementia induced by the intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin
Authors: Sasaki-Hamada Sachie , Ikeda Masaatsu , Oka Jun-Ichiro
Published: September 2019

Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is derived from the proglucagon gene expressed in the intestines, pancreas and brain. Our previous study showed that GLP-2 improved lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairments. The current study was designed to further investigated the potential of GLP-2 in memory impairment induced by intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) in mice, which have been used as an animal model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). STZ was administered on alternate days (Day-1 and Day-3) in order to induce dementia in male ddY mice. ICV-STZ-treated mice were administered GLP-2 (0.6 μg/mouse, ICV) for 5 days from 14 days after the first ICV administration of STZ. In these mice, we examined spatial working memory, the biochemical parameters of oxidative stress, or neurogenesis. The GLP-2 treatment restored spatial working memory in ICV-STZ-treated mice. ICV-STZ-treated mice showed markedly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels, and GLP-2 significantly restored these ICV-STZ-induced changes. GLP-2 also significantly restored neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in ICV-STZ-treated mice. We herein demonstrated that GLP-2 significantly restored ICV-STZ-induced memory impairments as well as biochemical and histopathological alterations, and accordingly, propose that the memory restorative ability of GLP-2 is due to its potential to reduce oxidative stress.
Integration of flux measurements and pharmacological controls to optimize stable isotope-resolved metabolomics workflows and interpretation
Authors: Lorkiewicz Pawel K. , Gibb Andrew A. , Rood Benjamin R. , He Liqing , Zheng Yuting , Clem Brian F. , Zhang Xiang , Hill Bradford G.
Published: September 2019

Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) provides information regarding the relative activity of numerous metabolic pathways and the contribution of nutrients to specific metabolite pools; however, SIRM experiments can be difficult to execute, and data interpretation is challenging. Furthermore, standardization of analytical procedures and workflows remain significant obstacles for widespread reproducibility. Here, we demonstrate the workflow of a typical SIRM experiment and suggest experimental controls and measures of cross-validation that improve data interpretation. Inhibitors of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation as well as mitochondrial uncouplers serve as pharmacological controls, which help define metabolic flux configurations that occur under well-controlled metabolic states. We demonstrate how such controls and time course labeling experiments improve confidence in metabolite assignments as well as delineate metabolic pathway relationships. Moreover, we demonstrate how radiolabeled tracers and extracellular flux analyses integrate with SIRM to improve data interpretation. Collectively, these results show how integration of flux methodologies and use of pharmacological controls increase confidence in SIRM data and provide new biological insights.
Charging and supercharging of proteins for mass spectrometry: recent insights into the mechanisms of electrospray ionization
Authors: Konermann Lars , Metwally Haidy , Duez Quentin , Peters Insa
Published: September 2019

Molecular dynamics simulations have uncovered mechanistic details of the protein ESI process under various experimental conditions.
Efficient enantiorecognition of amino acids under a stimuli-responsive system: synthesis, characterization and application of electroactive rotaxane
Authors: Wu Datong , Pan Fei , Fan Gao-Chao , Zhu Ziming , Gao Li , Tao Yongxin , Kong Yong
Published: September 2019

An electroactive chiral rotaxane, consisting of a polymeric chiral ionic liquid as the flexible axle and 18-crown-6 as the wheel, is synthesized for efficient enantiorecognition of amino acids.
Near-infrared spectroscopic identification and quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients in closed capsules: a feasibility study for pediatric doses
Authors: Mainka David L. , Link Andreas
Published: September 2019

3D printed NIR spectroscopy sample holders were evaluated as means for improvement of quality checks of pharmacy compounded capsules.
The thermally induced decarboxylation mechanism of a mixed-oxidation state carboxylate-based iron metal–organic framework
Authors: Drake Hannah F. , Day Gregory S. , Vali Shaik Waseem , Xiao Zhifeng , Banerjee Sayan , Li Jialuo , Joseph Elizabeth A. , Kuszynski Jason E. , Perry Zachary T. , Kirchon Angelo , Ozdemir Osman K. , Lindahl Paul A. , Zhou Hong-Cai
Published: September 2019

The thermally generatable decarboxylation activation pathway of a carboxylate-based Iron MOF is reported; cluster and gas sorption changes are characterized.
Copper nanoparticles selectively encapsulated in an ultrathin carbon cage loaded on SrTiO3 as stable photocatalysts for visible-light H2 evolution via water splitting
Authors: Tong Lihang , Ren Liteng , Fu Ao , Wang Defa , Liu Lequan , Ye Jinhua
Published: September 2019

One-nanometre-thick carbon cage encapsulated copper nanoparticles synthesized through chemical vapour deposition showed remarkable stability in photocatalysis and thermocatalysis.
CF2H as a hydrogen bond donor group for the fine tuning of peptide bond geometry with difluoromethylated pseudoprolines
Authors: Malquin N. , Rahgoshay K. , Lensen N. , Chaume G. , Miclet E. , Brigaud T.
Published: September 2019

CF2H-Pseudoprolines obtained from difluoroacetaldehyde hemiacetal and serine are stable proline surrogates. An intramolecular H-bond due to the CF2H group is promoting an exceptionally high content of cis-amide bond conformation.
Efficient non-aqueous solvent formed by 2-piperidineethanol and ethylene glycol for CO2 absorption
Authors: Yang Dezhong , Lv Meng , Chen Jie
Published: September 2019

CO2 directly reacts with ethylene glycol by forming a carbonate species in the solvent consisting of 2-piperidineethanol and ethylene glycol.
Sb-MOFs derived Sb nanoparticles@porous carbon for high performance potassium-ion batteries anode
Authors: Cheng Na , Zhao Jianguo , Fan Ling , Liu Zhaomeng , Chen Suhua , Ding Hongbo , Yu Xinzhi , Liu Zhigang , Lu Bingan
Published: September 2019

Reasonable design of Sb-based nanomaterials, which can alleviate volume expansion, agglomeration and pulverization, is meaningful for PIBs.
An aminophosphonate ester ligand-containing platinum(ii) complex induces potent immunogenic cell deathin vitroand elicits effective anti-tumour immune responsesin vivo
Authors: Huang Ke-Bin , Wang Feng-Yang , Feng Hai-Wen , Luo Hejiang , Long Yan , Zou Taotao , Chan Albert S. C. , Liu Rong , Zou Huahong , Chen Zhen-Feng , Liu Yan-Cheng , Liu You-Nian , Liang Hong
Published: September 2019

A platinum(ii)-aminophosphonate complex (Pt1) induces potent anti-tumour immunogenic cell death (ICD)in vitroandin vivo.
A fluorinated bihydrazide conjugate for activatable sensing and imaging of hypochlorous acid by 19F NMR/MRI
Authors: Li Ao , Tang Xiaoxue , Gong Xuanqing , Chen Hongming , Lin Hongyu , Gao Jinhao
Published: September 2019

A fluorinated bihydrazide conjugate as a 19F NMR/MRI probe with a “turn-on” character for activatable sensing and imaging of HClO was reported.
Molecular mechanisms of 33-mer gliadin peptide oligomerisation
Authors: Amundarain María Julia , Herrera María Georgina , Zamarreño Fernando , Viso Juan Francisco , Costabel Marcelo D. , Dodero Verónica I.
Published: September 2019

The 33-mer gliadin peptide oligomerizes driven by its non-ionic polar character, flexible PPII secondary structure and stable glutamine H-bonds.
Controlled current confinement in interfaced 2D nanosensor for electrical identification of DNA
Authors: L. de Souza Fábio A. , Amorim Rodrigo G. , Scopel Wanderlã L. , Scheicher Ralph H.
Published: September 2019

We theoretically investigated the electronic transport properties of an in-plane hybrid graphene/h-BN device, containing a graphene nanopore, to assess its feasibility to act as a molecular sensor for the purpose of DNA sequencing.
The effects of extended π-conjugation in bipyridyl ligands on the tunable photophysics, triplet excited state and optical limiting properties of Pt(ii) naphthalimidyl acetylide complexes
Authors: Zhu Senqiang , Liu Hao , Wang Kunyan , Cheng Qian , Ma Zhenxing , Liu Rui , Song Guangliang , Zhu Hongjun
Published: September 2019

Pt(ii) complexes that exhibit long-lived triplet excited state lifetimes are promising for optical power limiting materials.
Aluminum complexes with Schiff base bridged bis(indolyl) ligands: synthesis, structure, and catalytic activity for polymerization of rac-lactide
Authors: Wei Yun , Song Lulu , Jiang Ling , Huang Zeming , Wang Shaowu , Yuan Qingbing , Mu Xiaolong , Zhu Xiancui , Zhou Shuangliu
Published: September 2019

A series of aluminum complexes with Schiff base bridged indolyl ligands were synthesized as rac-lactide polymerization catalysts.
A new set of metal–organic frameworks synthesised from diisophthalate-based, 2′-phosphorus-substituted m-terphenyl linker molecules
Authors: Stein Timo , Hoffmann Frank , Fröba Michael
Published: September 2019

Four metal–organic frameworks employing the m-terphenyl diisophthalate linker molecule with 2′ substitution by P(v)-based functional groups of the central aryl have been synthesised.
Site-selective cation–π interaction as a way of selective recognition of the caesium cation using sumanene-functionalized ferrocenes
Authors: Kasprzak Artur , Sakurai Hidehiro
Published: September 2019

Ferrocene–sumanene conjugates were applied for the selective binding of the caesium cation employing the site-selective cation–π interaction phenomenon.
Hierarchical Au nanoclusters electrodeposited on amine-terminated ITO glass as a SERS-active substrate for the reliable and sensitive detection of serotonin in a Tris-HCl buffer solution
Authors: Phung Viet-Duc , Kook Jeong-Keun , Koh Do Yeung , Lee Sang-Wha
Published: September 2019

In this study, a SERS-active substrate was fabricated by electrodepositing hierarchical Au nanostructures on amine-terminated ITO (indium tin oxide) glass to achieve an enhanced Raman signal of 5-HT.
A water-stable terbium-MOF sensor for the selective, sensitive, and recyclable detection of Al3+ and CO32− ions
Authors: Zhan Zhiying , Jia Yuejiao , Li Donghua , Zhang Xiaolei , Hu Ming
Published: September 2019

A layered Tb-MOF structure exhibits high sensitivity, selectivity, and concurrently low limits of detection in relation to Al3+ and CO32− ions.
An insight into the catalytic activity of palladium Schiff-base complexes towards the Heck coupling reaction: routes via encapsulation in zeolite-Y
Authors: Kumari Susheela , Das Bidisa , Ray Saumi
Published: September 2019

Encapsulation of palladium complex within the supercage of zeolite-Y moulds the guest complex such a way that it exhibits an exciting reactivity towards the Heck coupling by eliminating aggregation and tuning electron density of the metal.
A bis(aluminocenophane) with a short aluminum–aluminum single bond
Authors: Haider Wasim , Andrada Diego M. , Bischoff Inga-Alexandra , Huch Volker , Schäfer André
Published: September 2019

A bis(aluminocenophane) with a remarkably short Al–Al single bond, which was studied in detail by DFT calculations, is presented.
A closed-loop and sustainable approach for the fabrication of plastic-free oil- and water-resistant paper products
Authors: Li Zhao , Rabnawaz Muhammad , Sarwar Mohammed G. , Khan Burhan , Krishna Nair Aditya , Sirinakbumrung Nopphachai , Kamdem Donatien Pascal
Published: September 2019

The current open-loop practices employed to render paper substrates water- and oil-repellent for packaging and non-packaging applications have generated ocean pollution and have placed daunting burdens on landfills.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) mediated production of ultra-fine cellulose nanofibres from delignified softwood fibres
Authors: Koskela Salla , Wang Shennan , Xu Dingfeng , Yang Xuan , Li Kai , Berglund Lars A. , McKee Lauren S. , Bulone Vincent , Zhou Qi
Published: September 2019

An environmentally friendly, energy-efficient method for cellulose nanofibre (CNF) production from softwood holocellulose utilising oxidative enzymes, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs).
Metabolomic and proteomic changes induced by growth inhibitory concentrations of copper in the biofilm-forming marine bacteriumPseudoalteromonas lipolytica
Authors: Favre Laurie , Ortalo-Magné Annick , Kerloch Lionel , Pichereaux Carole , Misson Benjamin , Briand Jean-François , Garnier Cédric , Culioli Gérald
Published: September 2019

Copper exposure inP. lipolyticaTC8 revealed changes in cell membrane lipid composition and in copper cell homeostasis protein regulation.
Complete determination of the crystallographic orientation of ReX2 (X = S, Se) by polarized Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Choi Yun , Kim Keunui , Lim Soo Yeon , Kim Jungcheol , Park Je Myoung , Kim Jung Hwa , Lee Zonghoon , Cheong Hyeonsik
Published: September 2019

Polarized Raman spectroscopy on few-layer ReS2 and ReSe2 was carried out to determine the crystallographic orientations.
Solubilization and interaction of ciprofloxacin with pluronics and their mixed micelles
Authors: Senthilkumar M. , Sheelarani B. , Joshi R. G. , Dash Sasmita
Published: September 2019

The hydrophobic drug ciprofloxacin in the core of mixed micelles of Pluronic F108 and Pluronic L81.
Amorphous Cr-doped g-C3N4 as an efficient catalyst for the direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol
Authors: Cao Tianhao , Cai Menglu , Jin Leilei , Wang Xiaozhong , Yu Jie , Chen Yingqi , Dai Liyan
Published: September 2019

The intrinsic correlations between catalyst structure and catalytic performance at different calcination temperatures were studied.
Iodine-promoted one-pot synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffolds via sp3 C–H functionalization of azaarenes
Authors: Mani Geeta Sai , Donthiboina Kavitha , Shankaraiah Nagula , Kamal Ahmed
Published: September 2019

An efficient metal-free one-pot protocol has been developed for the construction of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives via iodine-mediated oxidative amination of benzylic C–H bonds of azaarenes.
In situ synthesis of small Pt nanoparticles on chitin aerogel derived N doped ultra-thin carbon nanofibers for superior hydrogen evolution catalysis
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Zhu Han , Ying Liangri , Zhu Zhenfeng , Li Huining , Lu Shuanglong , Duan Fang , Du Mingliang
Published: September 2019

Small and uniform Pt NPs were in situ synthesized on chitin aerogel derived N doped ultra-thin carbon nanofibers.
Preparation of (Zn1+xGe)(N2Ox) nanoparticles with enhanced NOx decomposition activity under visible light irradiation by nitridation of Zn2GeO4 nanoparticles designed precisely
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Asakura Yusuke , Yin Shu
Published: September 2019

(Zn1+xGe)(N2Ox) nanoparticles were synthesized by the nitridation of Zn2GeO4 nanoparticles prepared precisely by a solvothermal reaction in the presence of triethanolamine.
Preparation of spiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-indolin]-2′-imines via copper(i)-catalyzed formal [2 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition of 3-diazoindolin-2-imines and triazines
Authors: Zhou Yuxuan , Ma Fanghui , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: September 2019

We report a facile and efficient synthesis of spiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-indolin]-2′-imines via a copper(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction of 3-diazoindolin-2-imines with 1,3,5-triazines.
Construction of indazolo[3,2-a]isoquinolines via [3 + 2] cycloaddition of benzynes
Authors: Li Yue-Kun , Cui Ming-Xin , Sha Feng , Li Qiong , Wu Xin-Yan
Published: September 2019

A [3 + 2] annulation protocol for the construction of N-substituted indazolo[3,2-a]isoquinolines starting from benzynes and C,N-cyclic azomethine imines was developed. A diverse range of indazolo[3,2-a]isoquinolines can be easily accessed, which show good anti-proliferative activity on cancer cells.
The ruthenium-catalyzed meta-selective C–H nitration of various azole ring-substituted arenes
Authors: Zhang Dong , Gao Di , Cai Jinlin , Wu Xiaoyu , Qin Hong , Qiao Kai , Liu Chengkou , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai
Published: September 2019

The efficient and gentle ruthenium-catalyzed meta-selective CAr–H nitration of azole ring substituted arenes has been developed.
Simple Lewis pairs of zinc salts and organobases as bifunctional catalysts for controlled ring-opening polymerization of O-carboxyanhydrides
Authors: Wang Pei , Liang Jinpeng , Yin Ting , Yang Jing
Published: September 2019

Simple Lewis pairs consisting of organobases and zinc salts were explored to promote ring-opening polymerization of phenyl O-carboxyanhydride via bifunctional catalysis, producing well-defined poly(α-hydroxyalkanoic acid)s with good isotacticity (Pm = 0.88).
Revealing the transient conformations of a single flavin adenine dinucleotide using an aerolysin nanopore
Authors: Li Meng-Yin , Wang Ya-Qian , Ying Yi-Lun , Long Yi-Tao
Published: September 2019

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor is involved in numerous important metabolic pathways where the biological function is intrinsically related to its transient conformations.
Discovery of novel [FeFe]-hydrogenases for biocatalytic H2-production
Authors: Land Henrik , Ceccaldi Pierre , Mészáros Lívia S. , Lorenzi Marco , Redman Holly J. , Senger Moritz , Stripp Sven T. , Berggren Gustav
Published: September 2019

A semi-synthetic screening method for mining the biodiversity of [FeFe]-hydrogenases, expanding the toolbox for biocatalytic H2-gas production.
Aqueous self-assembly of arginine and K8SiW11O39: fine-tuning the formation of a coacervate intended for sprayable anticorrosive coatings
Authors: Liu Xiaohuan , Xie Xiaoming , Du Zhanglei , Li Bao , Wu Lixin , Li Wen
Published: September 2019

A coacervate consisting of a natural amino acid and polyoxometalate was fabricated, and employed as a sprayable coating for anticorrosion.
A hydrated NH4V3O8 nanobelt electrode for superior aqueous and quasi-solid-state zinc ion batteries
Authors: Lai Jianwei , Tang Hui , Zhu Xiuping , Wang Ying
Published: September 2019

A hydrated NH4V3O8 nanobelt electrode is designed as a superior cathode for high-performance aqueous and flexible quasi-solid-state zinc ion batteries.
Origin of dual emission in σ-bridged donor–acceptor TADF compounds
Authors: Skaisgiris Rokas , Serevičius Tomas , Kazlauskas Karolis , Geng Yan , Adachi Chihaya , Juršėnas Saulius
Published: September 2019

Minimization of electronic coupling between donor and acceptor units in σ-spaced TADF compounds leads to emergence of unexpected emission mechanisms, deteriorating TADF properties.
Enhanced piezoresistive performance of 3C-SiC nanowires by coupling with ultraviolet illumination
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Gao Fengmei , Wang Lin , Jiang Lan , Chen Shanliang , Yang Weiyou
Published: September 2019

We reported an effective strategy for enhancing the piezoresistive behaviors of SiC nanowires by coupling with UV illumination.
Plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition of nickel oxide as hole transport layer for hybrid perovskite solar cells
Authors: Koushik Dibyashree , Jošt Marko , Dučinskas Algirdas , Burgess Claire , Zardetto Valerio , Weijtens Christ , Verheijen Marcel A. , Kessels Wilhelmus M. M. , Albrecht Steve , Creatore Mariadriana
Published: September 2019

Careful interface design and engineering are “keys” to effectively implement a conformal 10 nm plasma-assisted atomic-layer-deposited NiO film as hole transport layer in a p–i–n perovskite solar cell architecture.
Structural modeling and role of HAX-1 as a positive allosteric modulator of human serine protease HtrA2
Authors: Chaganti Lalith K. , Dutta Shubhankar , Kuppili Raja Reddy , Mandal Mriganka , Bose Kakoli
Published: September 2019

HAX-1, a multifunctional protein involved in cell proliferation, calcium homeostasis, and regulation of apoptosis, is a promising therapeutic target. It regulates apoptosis through multiple pathways, understanding of which is limited by the obscurity of its structural details and its intricate interaction with its cellular partners. Therefore, using computational modeling, biochemical, functional enzymology and spectroscopic tools, we predicted the structure of HAX-1 as well as delineated its interaction with one of it pro-apoptotic partner, HtrA2. In this study, three-dimensional structure of HAX-1 was predicted by threading and ab initio tools that were validated using limited proteolysis and fluorescence quenching studies. Our pull-down studies distinctly demonstrate that the interaction of HtrA2 with HAX-1 is directly through its protease domain and not via the conventional PDZ domain. Enzymology studies further depicted that HAX-1 acts as an allosteric activator of HtrA2. This ‘allosteric regulation’ offers promising opportunities for the specific control and functional modulation of a wide range of biological processes associated with HtrA2. Hence, this study for the first time dissects the structural architecture of HAX-1 and elucidates its role in PDZ-independent activation of HtrA2.
Silencing of SPARC represses heterotopic ossification via inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Qianjun , Yang Qianqian , Zhang Ali , Kang Zhiqiang , Wang Yingsheng , Zhang Zhentao
Published: September 2019

Heterotopic ossification (HO), the pathologic formation of extraskeletal bone, can be disabling and lethal. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms were largely unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the involvement of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and the underlying mechanism in rat model of HO. The mechanistic investigation on roles of SPARC in HO was examined through gain- and loss-of-function approaches of SPARC, with alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodules, and osteocalcin (OCN) content measured. To further confirm the regulatory role of SPARC, levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways-related proteins (extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB), and IkB kinase β (IKKβ)) were determined. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with pathway inhibitor to investigate the relationship among SPARC, MAPK signaling pathway, and HO. The results suggested that SPARC expression was up-regulated in Achilles tendon tissues of HO rats. Silencing of SPARC could decrease phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, NF-κB, and IKKβ. Additionally, silencing of SPARC or inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway could reduce the ALP activity, the number of mineralized nodules, and OCN content, thus impeding HO. To sum up, our study identifies the inhibitory role of SPARC gene silencing in HO via the MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting SPARC presents a potential target for HO therapy.
Fluency Strategies of Spanish–English Bilinguals Who Stutter: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Medina Angela M. , Pereira Tiziana , Muñoz Diana , Palacios Grisel , Perez Vanessa
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Stuttering is multifaceted in that the frequency and types of behaviors vary across speakers, contexts, and languages. Similarly, bilingualism varies in language history, levels of proficiency, and languages spoken. The variations in bilingualism make it difficult to investigate and result in knowledge gaps about the bilingual stuttering experience. The purpose of this exploratory, qualitative study is to identify and examine fluency-inducing strategies used by Spanish–English bilingual adults who stutter.

Method

Twenty Spanish–English bilingual adults who stutter, ages 18–61 years, answered open-ended questions about their stuttering and language history via an online survey. Thematic analysis procedures were used to explore participants' narrative responses to 2 survey items regarding fluency-inducing strategies.

Result

Three major themes emerged from participants' responses regarding self-reported strategies: (a) clinical techniques, (b) focused breathing, and (c) idiosyncratic practices. Participants reported using clinical techniques classified as fluency shaping, stuttering modification, or both approaches. Focused breathing was used as both an anticipatory and a recovery strategy. Idiosyncratic practices included physiological changes, listener-focused strategies, emotional regulation, and switching words. When asked specifically about use of code-switching for the 2nd question, half of the participants stated that they do switch languages to induce fluency.

Conclusion

Clinical implications include the need for individualized client education, a thorough assessment of avoidance and escape behaviors, and customized treatment programs for bilinguals who stutter.
VLA cm-wave survey of young stellar objects in the Oph A cluster: constraining extreme UV- and X-ray-driven disk photoevaporation
Authors: Coutens A. , Liu H. B. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Bourke T. L. , Forbrich J. , Hoare M. , Loinard L. , Testi L. , Audard M. , Caselli P. , Chacón-Tanarro A. , Codella C. , Di Francesco J. , Fontani F. , Hogerheijde M. , Johansen A. , Johnstone D. , Maddison S. , Panić O. , Pérez L. M. , Podio L. , Punanova A. , Rawlings J. M. C. , Semenov D. , Tazzari M. , Tobin J. J. , van der Wiel M. H. D. , van Langevelde H. J. , Vlemmings W. , Walsh C. , Wilner D.
Published: September 2019

Observations of young stellar objects (YSOs) in centimeter bands can probe the continuum emission from growing dust grains, ionized winds, and magnetospheric activity that are intimately connected to the evolution of protoplanetary disks and the formation of planets. We carried out sensitive continuum observations toward the Ophiuchus A star-forming region, using theKarl G. JanskyVery Large Array (VLA) at 10 GHz over a field-of-view of 6′ and with a spatial resolution ofθmaj×θmin~ 0.′′4 × 0.′′2. We achieved a 5μJy beam−1rms noise level at the center of our mosaic field of view. Among the 18 sources we detected, 16 were YSOs (three Class 0, five Class I, six Class II, and two Class III) and two were extragalactic candidates. We find that thermal dust emission generally contributed less than 30% of the emission at 10 GHz. The radio emission is dominated by other types of emission, such as gyro-synchrotron radiation from active magnetospheres, free–free emission from thermal jets, free–free emission from the outflowing photoevaporated disk material, and synchrotron emission from accelerated cosmic-rays in jet or protostellar surface shocks. These different types of emission could not be clearly disentangled. Our non-detections for Class II/III disks suggest that extreme UV-driven photoevaporation is insufficient to explain disk dispersal, assuming that the contribution of UV photoevaporating stellar winds to radio flux does not evolve over time. The sensitivity of our data cannot exclude photoevaporation due to the role of X-ray photons as an efficient mechanism for disk dispersal. Deeper surveys using the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will have the capacity to provide significant constraints to disk photoevaporation.
Thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets with a graphite outer shell
Authors: Hakim Kaustubh , van den Berg Arie , Vazan Allona , Höning Dennis , van Westrenen Wim , Dominik Carsten
Published: September 2019

Context.The presence of rocky exoplanets with a large refractory carbon inventory is predicted by chemical evolution models of protoplanetary disks of stars with photospheric C/O > 0.65, and by models studying the radial transport of refractory carbon. High-pressure high-temperature laboratory experiments show that most of the carbon in these exoplanets differentiates into a graphite outer shell.

Aims.Our aim is to evaluate the effects of a graphite outer shell on the thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets containing a metallic core and a silicate mantle.

Methods.We implemented a parameterized model of mantle convection to determine the thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets with graphite layer thicknesses up to 1000 km.

Results.We find that because of the high thermal conductivity of graphite, conduction is the dominant heat transport mechanism in a graphite layer for long-term evolution (>200 Myr). The conductive graphite shell essentially behaves like a stagnant lid with a fixed thickness. Models of Kepler-37b (Mercury-size) and a Mars-sized exoplanet show that a planet with a graphite lid cools faster than a planet with a silicate lid, and a planet without a stagnant lid cools the fastest. A graphite lid needs to be approximately ten times thicker than a corresponding silicate lid to produce similar thermal evolution.