bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Year on Ice-Humbling and Character building experience!
Authors: Chinchalkar Joshi Madhubala
Published: April 2023

Antarctica! The most hostile yet the breathtakingly beautiful landmass on the earth. It gives true feeling of vast dynamic forces of nature. Its haunting beauty is inspirational. It’s a place in the world where you experience absolute silence. Antarctica is the harshest, driest, coldest, windiest continent at the bottom of the earth. Treacherous weather yet a land of stunning panoramas, wide sweeping glaciers, turbulent ice-falls and vast majestic snow-covered landscapes. In summer, these are seen under a permanent sun that whirls relentlessly along the horizon and in winter continuous darkness obscures everything. Each sunrise and sunset are unique, and colours directly flow from heaven. The colours get reflected from pure white snow and there is a shower of many divine colours all around. Antarctica is a spiritual experience! Here the sun, moon do not always rise in the east and set in the west. The midnight sun sets for 10 minutes in the south at the beginning of winter here and the Polar night ends when sun rises for the first time in the North. Clouds with ice crystals give multiple images of sun, and cold weather plays tricks giving rise to astonishing mirages- don’t be surprised if you happen to see a ship or a piston bulley upside down! It is that part of the planet earth, where humans did not get a chance to interfere with nature. Southern Ocean encircling this continent freeze in winter resulting in doubling the size of the land mass-A pulsatile continent! Antarctica is cut off from the rest of the world during harsh winter months from March to October. Highest of all the continents, Lowest recorded temperatures (-89 degree) and violent snow storms (winds over 250 kmph); it’s indeed a unique place on earth! Its beauty is ethereal…On clear winter nights, there arise southern lights, or Aurora Australis from behind the ice shelf -often rolling waves of green, blue, red like a giant wheel of fairy dust. They are seen undulating over our head and spreading to fill the sky, moving like waves after waves; just like huge curtains spreading down from heaven. It was an emotional, life changing experience that one can only sit on the knees, hands folded, with tears in the eyes!
Causes of fetal death in the Flemish cattle herd in Brazil
Authors: Marian Lucas , Withoeft Jéssica Aline , Costa Leonardo da Silva , Ribeiro Luiza Ramos , Melo Isadora Cristina , Alves Raquel Silva , Baumbach Letícia Ferreira , Pinto Maicon Gaissler Lorena , Snak Alessandra , Miletti Luiz Claudio , Ferraz Sandra Maria , Sfaciotte Ricardo Antônio Pilegi , Canal Cláudio Wageck , Casagrande Renata Assis
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: Flemish cattle in Brazil are on the brink of extinction and are found only in one herd in Lages, Santa Catarina State. This study aimed to uncover the reasons for the recurring abortions in the Flemish cattle herd.

Materials and Methods: Seventeen Flemish fetuses underwent postmortem examinations, with samples collected for histopathology and microbiology culture tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for Neospora caninum, and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) test for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) from 2015 to 2020.

Results: Of the 17 fetuses, N. caninum was the most common diagnosis and was found in 88% (15/17). One fetus (5.8%) had a coinfection with N. caninum and Citrobacter amalonaticus, leading to fibrinonecrotic pericarditis. All fetuses tested negative for BVDV by RT-PCR. Of the 107 dams tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay, 26 (25.2%) were anti-N. caninum seropositive, with 17 (65.4%) aborting and 5 (19.2%) having estrus repetition. Reverse transcription-PCR results showed that 9 (8.4%) of the serum samples collected from dams tested positive, which tested follow-up test 3 months later, indicating a BVDV transient infection. The factors that contributed to neosporosis included dogs’ access to pastures and improper disposal of fetal remains, which made it easier for dogs to consume them.

Conclusion: This study warns the occurrence of N. caninum as a cause of reproductive disorders that can lead to abortion in the studied Flemish cattle herd.

Keywords: abortion, endangered breeds, pathology, protozoan, reproductive disorders.
Comparison of five conjunctival cytology sampling methods in normal cat eyes
Authors: Kovalcuka Liga , Sarpio Liga , Nikolajenko Madara
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: Ophthalmological cytology is an easy, informative, rapid, and commonly-used low-cost diagnostic method, but sample collection and preparation are essential steps in obtaining qualitative material for cytological evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate cytological smear quality and animal discomfort after single or three serial conjunctival scrapings in normal cat eyes using five sampling methods.

Materials and Methods: Five cytology methods (mini brush, cotton swab, soft brush, Kimura spatula, and cytobrush) were used in 50 eyes (10 with one scraping and 10 with three consecutive scrapings for a particular method) in complete 25 clinically and ophthalmologically healthy cats of different ages, sexes, and breeds. Ocular discomfort (1 = eyes open, 2 = partially open, and 3 = eyes squinted), average cell count (ten 10× fields), cell distribution (ten 100× fields: 0 = all cells are aggregated, 1 = <25% cells are evenly distributed, 2 = 25–50% cells are evenly distributed, and 3 = >50% cells are evenly distributed) and sample quality – aggregates (two cells and more), mucus, and artifacts (1+ = fair, 2+ = moderate, and 3+ = high amount) were evaluated.

Results: The discomfort scores for the mini brush, cotton swab, soft brush, spatula, and cytobrush after a single and three scrapings were 1, 1, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The average cell counts ± standard deviation after one and three scrapings were as follows: mini brush 11.15 ± 13.87 and 7.55 ± 12.7; cotton swab 7.17 ± 10.20 and 10.00 ± 16.44; soft brush 19.45 ± 22.22 and 8.55 ± 13.82; spatula 17.15 ± 32.94 and 13.85 ± 22.01; and cytobrush 13.35 ± 18.33 and 13.05 ± 19.29, respectively; the cell distributions were 3, 3, 3, 1, and 1 after single scraping and 3, 3, 2, 0, and 2 after three scrapings, respectively.

Conclusion: The mini brush was the optimal method since it produced less discomfort, fewer artifacts, and the highest smear quality. Spatula smears were difficult to evaluate due to material thickness. The highest mucus and aggregate amounts were found in cytobrush, cotton swab, and soft brush samples. In this study, small number of samples per each sampling method is a major limitation.

Keywords: cat, cytology, conjunctiva, sampling methods.
Augmenting Science in the Islamic Contemporary World: A Strategic Attempt at Reconstructing the Future
Authors: Muqowim Muqowim , Lessy Zulkipli
Published: April 2023

During five centuries (6th to 11th C.E.), the advancement of science in the Muslim world displayed Muslim civilization as the scientific Mecca. This era saw many other civilizations learning science from Muslims seen as exemplary in modernizing life and sharing guidance for moral conduct. This was accomplished by embedding norms and inventions and as a result of factors such as royal patronage and personal sacrifice. This paper seeks to reclaim historical data through reflection and contextualization. Analysis of relevant past contexts paves a path leading from romanticism and antiquanism into the contemporary world. Secondary resources, such as historical books and journals, reveal how science in Islam was developed and nurtured through patronage, institutional establishment, networking, and other factors, leading to valuable inventions. The Islamic Golden Era of science flourished because Muslims scientists had an ethos motivating them toward discoveries. Key innovating scientists made cities such as Nishapur, Alexandria, Jundishapur, and Damascus become preeminent in scientific invention. This brought rapid development to Muslim life, as well as to the surrounding nations, extending to Greece and India and China. This paper argues that Muslim scientists of today’s world can benefit from the perspective that the Qur’an and hadiths are essential sources of general principles for conducting scientific and technological research. Both are key spirits for encouraging Muslim scientists to conduct rigorous studies.[ Selama 5 abad pertama, 6-11 Masehi, kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan di dunia muslim terwujud pada peradaban muslim di Mekkah. Era ini menunjukkan pelbagai peradaban lain belajar kepada muslim sebagai model kehidupan modern dan petunjuk kehidupan moral. Hal ini teruji oleh norma-norma dan penemuan-penemuan serta hasil akibat dari loyalitas dan keikhlasan. Artikel ini mencoba mengklaim ulang bukti historis melalui refleksi dan kontekstualisasi. Analisa konteks masa lalu yang tepat menghindari dari kecenderungan romantisme dan kekunoan dari pada dunia kontemporer. Sumber sekunder seperti buku dan jurnal, membuktikan bagaimana pengetahuan dalam Islam berkembang dan tumbuh melalui patronase, institusionalisasi, jejaring dan faktor lainnya yang mendukung penemuan baru. Keemasan ilmu masa Islam menjamur karena ilmuwan muslim mempunyai etos yang tinggi pada penjelajahan pengetahuan. Kunci inovasi para ilmuwan telah membuat kota–kota seperti Nishapur, Alexandria, Jundishapur dan Damaskus berkembang menjadi pusat pengetahuan. Perkembangan pesat kehidupan muslim ini akhirnya menyebar ke Yunani, India dan China. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa ilmuwan muslim saat ini dapat mengambil manfaat dari perspektif Qur’an dan hadits sebagai sumber utama dalam prinsip-prinsip penelitian ilmiah dan teknologi. Keduanya juga, Qur’an dan hadits, menjadi kunci semangat bagi ilmuwan muslim dalam kajian yang lebih maju.]
Generic properties of the Rabinowitz unbounded continuum
Authors: Bartolucci Daniele , Hu Yeyao , Jevnikar Aleks , Yang Wen
Published: April 2023

In this article, we prove that, generically in the sense of domain variations, any solution to a nonlinear eigenvalue problem is either nondegenerate or the Crandall-Rabinowitz transversality condition that is satisfied. We then deduce that, generically, the unbounded Rabinowitz continuum of solutions is a simple analytic curve. The global bifurcation diagram resembles the classic model case of the Gel’fand problem in two dimensions.
NUDT21 relieves sevoflurane-induced neurological damage in rats by down-regulating LIMK2
Authors: Zhong Yuanping , Zhao Pengcheng , Zhang Chao , Wu Zhenyu , Fang Xu , Zhu Zhaoqiong
Published: April 2023

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication of cognitive decline after surgery and anesthesia. Sevoflurane, as a commonly used anesthetic, was found to cause POCD. Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT21), a conserved splicing factor, has been reported to exert important functions in multiple diseases’ progression. In this study, the effect of NUDT21 on sevoflurane-induced POCD was elucidated. Results showed that NUDT21 was down-regulated in the hippocampal tissue of sevoflurane-induced rats. Morris water maze test results revealed that overexpression of NUDT21 improved sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. In addition, TUNEL assay results indicated that enhanced NUDT21 alleviated sevoflurane-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, overexpression of NUDT21 suppressed the sevoflurane-induced LIMK2 expression. Taken together, NUDT21 alleviates sevoflurane-induced neurological damage in rats by down-regulating LIMK2, providing a novel target for the prevention of sevoflurane-induced POCD.
Interaction between the PI3K/AKT pathway and mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages and the leukocyte count in rats with LPS-induced pulmonary infection
Authors: Wu Chao , Guo Lianghua , Muhataer Xirennayi , Li Qifeng , Lian Zhichuang , Li Yafang , Wang Wenyi , Ding Wei , Zhou Yuan , Yang Xiaohong , Chen Muzhi
Published: April 2023

This study examined the effects of the PI3K/AKT pathway and mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages and the leukocyte count after pulmonary infection. Sprague‒Dawley rats were subjected to tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish animal models of pulmonary infection. By inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway or inhibiting/inducing mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages, the severity of the pulmonary infection and the leukocyte count were altered. The PI3K/AKT inhibition group did not show a significant difference in leukocyte counts compared with the infection model group. Mitochondrial autophagy induction alleviated the pulmonary inflammatory response. The infection model group had significantly higher levels of LC3B, Beclin1, and p-mTOR than the control group. The AKT2 inhibitor group exhibited significantly increased levels of LC3B and Beclin1 compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the Beclin1 level was significantly higher than that in the infection model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the infection model group, the mitochondrial autophagy inhibitor group exhibited significantly decreased levels of p-AKT2 and p-mTOR, whereas the levels of these proteins were significantly increased in the mitochondrial autophagy inducer group (P < 0.05). PI3K/AKT inhibition promoted mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages. Mitochondrial autophagy induction activated the downstream gene mTOR of the PI3K/AKT pathway, alleviated pulmonary inflammatory reactions, and decreased leukocyte counts.
Sterols from Centaurea pumilio L. with cell proliferative activity: In vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Fayed Marwa A. A. , Al-Wahaibi Lamya H. , Bakr Riham O. , Nour Mai S. , Basudan Omer A. , Parvez Mohammad K. , Al-Dosari Mohammed S. , Abdel-Mageed Wael M.
Published: April 2023

Numerous studies highlighted the impact of natural products, particularly phytosterols, in wound healing while providing less expensive alternatives to chemically synthesized drugs, with less side effects. Centaurea pumilio L. (family Asteraceae) is a rare and endangered species of genus Centaurea with few reports concerning its chemistry. Our phytochemical investigation for the non-polar fraction of its aerial parts led to the isolation and identification of the new compound (6) identified as stigmast-1,5-dien-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside along with five known sterols and triterpenes (1–5) identified as taraxasterol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol glucoside, and stigmasterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside. Structures of the isolated compounds have been characterized using 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectral analyses. The cell viability and proliferative activity of the isolated compounds were evaluated using an MTT assay on cultured human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). None of the compounds exhibited any sign of cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, compounds 5 and 6 moderately enhanced the HUVEC cell growth by 14 and 16%, respectively, at the maximal tested dose (50 µg/mL). As inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3-β) enzyme is important to enhance the wound healing process; therefore, molecular docking was performed to understand the possible interactions between bioactive compounds 5 and 6 and GSK-3β binding pocket active amino acid residues. Both compounds were able to bind to the substrate‑binding site of GSK-3β and potentially interact with the key active site residues, forming strong π and hydrogen interactions with the catalytic site residues, revealing lower binding energy (−7.185 and −6.303 kcal/mol, respectively) than that of indirubin-3-monooxime (−5.303 kcal/mol); thereby representing strong natural replacements candidates for GSK-3β inhibitors.
Performance audit evaluation of marine development projects based on SPA and BP neural network model
Authors: Gao Sheng , Sun Huihui , Huang Xiaoyan , Hui Yu , Ge Shutong
Published: April 2023

Accurately grasping the comprehensive cost-benefit and influencing factors of various marine development projects is of great significance to the promotion of high-quality marine development. This work screened and constructed the performance audit evaluation index system of comprehensive cost-benefit of marine development projects from the four aspects including society, economy, resources, and environment. The entropy weight set pair analysis (SPA) was used to audit and evaluate the comprehensive cost-benefit of 15 marine development projects during the construction and operation period. The back propagation (BP) neural network model was used to test the results. The main influencing factors were analyzed by the grey relational analysis (GRA) model. It was found that the comprehensive cost-benefit performance audit evaluation index of the six projects of marine protected area and offshore wind power were higher than the other nine projects of mariculture, sewage dumping, and port industry. The main influencing factors were economic net income, loss of wetland ecological service value, environmental pollution prevention and control cost, new addition employment rate, etc. The countermeasures suggestions were put forward.
Evaluation of nano-selenium biofortification characteristics of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Sun Pengbo , Wang Zhijun , Yuan Ning , Lu Qiang , Sun Lin , Li Yuyu , Zhang Jiawei , Zhang Yuhan , Ge Gentu , Jia Yushan
Published: April 2023

Selenium (Se) is indispensable for animals and humans. One option to address Se deficiency is to biofortify plants with Se. Biofortification of forage with Se nanoparticles (NPs) is gaining more attention as an efficient and safe source of Se for livestock. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of NPs-Se (0, 30, 50, 100, 150, and 250 mg·L−1) on the growth of alfalfa harvested multiple times, and to provide a basis for the production of Se-enriched forages. Applying 50 mg·L−1 concentration of NPs-Se had the best effect on yield over three harvests. Over three harvests, low-dose NPs-Se (30 and 50 mg·L−1) application significantly increased peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, chlorophyll content and carotenoid content, and significantly decreased malondialdehyde content. The total Se content and Se accumulation in plants at the same harvest showed an upward trend with increasing Se concentration. At the same concentration, from first harvest to third harvest, Se content and Se accumulation showed an initially increasing and then decreasing trend. The evaluation found that foliar application of NPs-Se at 50 mg·L−1 could have the greatest positive effect on the growth and yield of multiple-harvested alfalfa.
Synthesis and conformational analysis of N-BOC-protected-3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone EF-24 analogs as anti-cancer agents
Authors: Smith Robert B. , Roberts William , Upenieks Mary , Gibson Maya Z. , Wentzel Michael T. , Grice Kyle A. , Zingales Sarah K.
Published: April 2023

Natural products and their analogs have been explored to stop the progression of cancer cells without unwanted side effects. Chalcones, compounds synthesized naturally in plants, have demonstrated potential as anti-cancer treatments. A library of bis-chalcones that are similar in structure to EF-24, a bis-chalcone molecule known to have anti-cancer properties, has been synthesized in order to examine their medicinal properties. This report highlights the synthesis of ten novel analogs, their anti-cancer activities, and conformational analysis via cryo-NMR and corroboration by density functional theory calculations of the lead compound 1b, tert-butyl 3,5-bis((E)-4-methylbenzylidene)-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate.
Intelligent identification algorithm and key point detection of abnormal vibration of transmission tower based on machine learning
Authors: Hong Huawei , Wu Kaibin , Yue Mengmeng , Dai An
Published: April 2023

In some special geological areas, the inclination and displacement of transmission line towers are relatively common, which should be analyzed from various factors. Transmission towers are the support structure for overhead transmission lines and play a pivotal role in the safe operation of the power grid. Transmission lines are widely distributed. Transmission poles and towers are generally built in areas with poor geological conditions such as goaf, river bed and slope. Under severe weather conditions, the force on the tower may be affected to a certain extent, causing the tower to tilt, deform, or even collapse, and thus causing a wide range of power system failures, which have a great impact on people’s production and life. Based on this objective problem, this paper has mainly studied the intelligent recognition methods and key technologies based on machine learning. In the experimental study of support vector machine (SVM) model based on machine learning, the average training time of genetic algorithm support vector regression (GA-SVR) was the longest, reaching 1.462 s. The average training duration of double chain quantum genetic algorithm-least squares support vector regression (DCQGA-LSSVR) was the shortest, with 0.156 s. The average pose error of double chain quantum genetic algorithm-support vector regression (DCQGA-SVR) was the smallest, only 0.136, while the average attitude error of genetic algorithm-least squares support vector regression (GA-LSSVR) was the highest, reaching 0.45. Therefore, it is of the great significance to analyze abnormal vibration of the transmission towers based on machine learning method.
Coexistence of Graves’ disease with acute rheumatic fever treated as thyroid storm in young Thai patient
Authors: Onsoi Witchuwan , Srilanchakon Khomsak , Aroonparkmongkol Suphab , Supornsilchai Vichit
Published: April 2023

Objectives

This report presents a case of acute onset of chorea, concurrent Graves’ disease, and acute rheumatic fever in an 8-year-old female patient.

Case presentation

The child had intermittent involuntary movement of all extremities and both eyes for 4 days, with a previous history of increased appetite, weight lost, and heat intolerance over a period of two months. Physical examination revealed fever, tachycardia, exophthalmos, eyelid retraction, as well as diffused thyroid enlargement. Initial clinical features and thyroid function testing suggested a thyroid storm due to Graves’ disease. Methimazole, propranolol, potassium iodide (SSKI), and dexamethasone were prescribed. Congestive heart failure developed after propranolol and cardiovascular re-evaluation and Revised Jones criteria suggested acute rheumatic fever. Chorea was successfully treated with pulse methylprednisolone.

Conclusions

We reported Graves’ disease patients with acute rheumatic fever simulating a thyroid storm. The underlying cardiac disease must be considered, especially where chorea and congestive heart failure are present.
Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increased with type 2 diabetes mellitus in overweight/obese youth with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Patel-Sanchez Namrata , Perito Emily , Tsai Patrika , Raymond-Flesch Marissa , Lodish Maya , Sarkar Monika
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk and severity in adults, but data in adolescents with diverse backgrounds are limited. We evaluated NAFLD prevalence and characterized NAFLD risk factors in overweight/obese adolescents by PCOS status.

Methods

Retrospective study of overweight (n=52)/obese (n=271) female adolescents (12–18 years old), evaluated clinically 2012–2020, was conducted comparing PCOS patients to age-matched non-PCOS controls. NAFLD was defined as ALT≥44U/L x2 and/or ≥80U/L x1, hepatic steatosis on imaging, or NAFLD on biopsy, in absence of other liver disease. Metabolic comorbidities were captured. Log-binomial regression models estimated prevalence risk ratios (PR).

Results

NAFLD prevalence was 19.1 % in adolescents with PCOS (n=161), similar to those without (n=162) (16.8 %, p=0.6). Adolescents with PCOS were more likely to have insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, and higher triglycerides (p<0.05). Those with PCOS and concomitant type 2 diabetes (T2DM) did have increased NAFLD risk (PR 2.5, p=0.04), but those with PCOS without T2DM did not (PR 0.9, p=0.8). Adolescents with PCOS and NAFLD, compared to those with PCOS without NAFLD, had a higher prevalence of metabolic comorbidities including hypercholesterolemia (77 vs. 48 %), T2DM (29 vs. 8 %), and hypertriglyceridemia (65 vs. 37 %) (p<0.01).

Conclusions

Almost 1 in 5 overweight/obese female adolescents had NAFLD, but PCOS did not increase NAFLD risk in this diverse cohort. Among young women with PCOS, concomitant T2DM did increase the risk for NAFLD. Closer monitoring of obesity comorbidities in adolescents with PCOS is essential for optimizing health and merits updating current guidelines.
Localising INGOs websites into Arabic: A case study of IFRC
Authors: Sayaheen Bilal , Darwish Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The present study aims to compare and contrast the websites of international non-government organizations (INGOs) that make their websites available in Jordan in both Arabic and English with the purpose of identifying the content that does or does not get localised. The researchers selected the website of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) as a case study. The English version of the IFRC website is meticulously set off against its Arabic counterpart. This study draws on Olvera-Lobo and Castillo-Rodríguez’s (2019) suggested framework with regards to the linguistic and cultural aspects of localised websites. The study concludes that the recommendations related to linguistic and cultural aspects of website localisation presented by Olvera-Lobo and Castillo-Rodríguez (2019) have proven to be valuable in assessing the localised versions of INGOs as they cover a wide range of facets needed by the target readerships.
« Aujourd’hui, la cloche doit naître. Compagnons, vite au travail ! »
Authors: Wienen Ursula
Published: April 2023

In this article, the French translation of Schiller’s Lied von der Glocke (EN: The Song of the Bell) is analysed. The analysis focuses on the question of how translators convey to the target language readers the specialised language of the technology of bell-founding (campanology), which is embedded in the poem. To answer this question, first the specialised vocabulary in the poem will be identified, after which the translators’ paratextual comments on the technical complexity and the specialised language will be examined. Taking the German term “Schwalch” as an example, the difficulty of conveying specialised language within a poetic context will then be discussed.
La disqualification de l’expert : Le cas de l’expert traducteur
Authors: Durr Margarete
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to problematise the underestimation of the expert translator's competence due to the crisis of meta-narratives of legitimisation that affects experts in general and translators in particular. In the postmodern society, scientific knowledge and technical competence of experts are increasingly depreciated while the ordinary knowledge of non-specialists is experiencing an unprecedented valorisation. Given the exponential growth of the artificial intelligence techniques and the reduction of the translator's competence to the mastery of digital tools, these phenomena are amplifying and aggravating the crisis of meta-narratives, especially as regards translators. The result is imbalance in the discursive space of expertise which highlights the need to define expert competence, and – in particular – the translator's singular competence which is not exclusively linguistic. The author proposes an exhaustive analysis of the causes of the disqualification of the expert translator and suggests some ways to build a meta-narrative that would give the translator legitimacy both in terms of cognitive competence and in terms of social recognition.
A comparison of non-verbal actions between Serbian and English native speakers in New Zealand: a visual essay
Authors: Rajic Ivana
Published: April 2023

This visual essay examines the non-verbal actions and the production of identity of Serbian and English native speakers during a videoconferencing task in New Zealand. This cross-cultural study examines the modes of facial expression, posture, and hand/arm movements to show how these are telling of the identity of the Serbian and English native speakers. Although gesture and language have received significant attention in research, very few studies have addressed the cross-cultural non-verbal actions and no study has compared Serbian native speakers with New Zealand English speakers. This visual essay addresses this gap.
Fast and effective sorption of radioactive Sr(II) onto mesoporous silicate
Authors: Attia Mohamed A. , Hamoud Moustafa A. , Ghamry Mohamed A. , Mahmoud Mamdoh R.
Published: April 2023

A mesoporous silicate material (MS) was effectively synthesized and applied as a solid sorbent for removal of radioactive Sr(II) ions from aqueous solution. MS was characterized using different tools including N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The synthesized material has crystalline, porous nature and exhibited a large surface area of about 905.18 m2 g−1. The uptake of Sr(II) ions onto MS was investigated under different batch experimental conditions involving pH, equilibrium time, sample weight and initial concentration of Sr(II) ions. About 98 % of Sr(II) radionuclides were uptaken at pH 12 in the first minute. Different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin) were applied to analyze the obtained experimental sorption equilibrium data. The Langmuir isotherm model was aligned well with the sorption data. The maximum sorption capacity (Q
max) of MS towards strontium ions attained the value 0.991 mmol/g. The parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) were calculated from thermodynamic study and their values showed that sorption process of Sr(II) ions on MS is strong, take place spontaneously, and considered as endothermic process. The synthesized MS had the ability to efficiently remove Sr(II) radionuclides even in the presence of Na+ and Ca2+ as competing cations in aqueous solution. Among the studied desorbing agents, CaCl2 was the best one for desorbing Sr(II) radionuclides loaded onto MS. The synthesized MS was reused for sorption of strontium up to four cycles with acceptable efficiency.
Reacting flow analysis in scramjet engine: effect of mass flow rate of fuel and flight velocity
Authors: Sanaka Srinivas Prasad , Kandula Ramanaiah , Chalamalasetty Khyathi Sree , Kappala Durga Rao
Published: April 2023

The objective of the study is realizing the effect of fuel mass flow rate and flight speed on combustion in scramjet engine. DLR conical strut based scramjet combustor configuration was chosen and simulated the chemical reaction between the air and hydrogen fuel. A slot of size 40 mm × 0.295 mm provided at the center of the strut to injected hydrogen fuel from the rare side in to the downstream flow. ICEM CFD software is used for the generation of structured elements in computational domain for three dimensional flow analyses. Standard k-epsilon turbulence model and species transport equation is used in ANSYS fluent solver. The predicted temperature, velocity distribution along the axial length was compared with the experimental results and validated. The temperature distribution at different Mach numbers and mass flow rate reveals that the peak temperature increased with the flight speed and inlet fuel mass flow rate. The peak temperature noticed at the center of the combustor is around 3500 K at a flight speed of Mach 4. The predicted variation of temperature, pressure, velocity in the combustor and the flow structure for reacting flow facilitate good understanding of the combustion process in scramjet combustor.
Szerkesztői előszó
Authors: Koltai Zsuzsa
Published: April 2023

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A szocialista gyermek és az „ideális” úttörő – A magyar úttörőmozgalom szellemiségének, értékrendjének megjelenése Szabó Magda két ifjúsági művében
Authors: Kovács Edina
Published: April 2023

Szabó Magda az egyik világszinten is elismert XX. századi magyar írónk. Az 1950-es évek végén, ’60-as évek elején megjelent ifjúsági regényei napjainkban is értéket képviselnek a fiatalok számára. A tanulmány két ifjúsági regényét, a Mondják meg Zsófikának, és a Születésnap című műveket elemzi dokumentumelemzés módszerével. A kutatás célja annak vizsgálata, hogy a szocialista embereszmény, különös tekintettel az úttörőmozgalom által megfogalmazott szellemiségre és értékrendre hogyan jelenik meg Szabó Magda e két művében. A művek nem a szocialista nevelésről szólnak, azonban több helyen is megjelennek bennük olyan elemek, melyek visszatükrözik a kor ifjúsági mozgalmait, elvrendszerét. Kutatási kérdésem, hogy miként tud indirekt módon megjelenni egy elvárt szocialista gyermekkép egy olyan író művében, aki 1949-ben a hatalom kegyét elvesztette, az addigi Vallás és Közoktatási Minisztériumi állásától megfosztottak, és az 1950-es évek végéig nem publikálhatott. A tanulmány célja annak vizsgálata, hogy az ötvenes évek végének pedagógiai folyamatai, illetve az ifjúsági mozgalom beépülése az iskolai életbe milyen módon jelenik meg ezen ifjúsági regényekben. A tanulmány első felében bemutatom a szocialista embereszményt, a magyar úttörőmozgalom kezdeteit és szerepét a szocialista gyermekek nevelésében. A tanulmány második felében az ifjúsági mozgalmakhoz kapcsolódó kifejezések és az úttörők 12 pontjának megjelenési pontjait vizsgálom a regényekben.
Fejezetek a pécsi bányavidék oktatástörténetéből: A pécsbányatelepi DGT elemi népiskola (1856–1944)
Authors: Huszár Zoltán
Published: April 2023

Az oktatás a múltban és a jelenben egyaránt fontos szegmens egy társadalom életében, függetlenül attól, hogy azt milyen módon kezeli az adott régió – földrajzi egység – felelős vezető elitje. Jelen tanulmány egy olyan korszakból merít példát, amikor az oktatási adminisztráció belátta, hogy a fiatal nemzedékek képzése, tanítása a jövő záloga, ezért minden vonatkozásban jelentős áldozatokat hozott annak érdekében, hogy azt európai szintre emelje. Ehhez az országban működő, nagy tőkeerővel rendelkező cégek támogatását is elnyerte, amelyek többsége, hogy írni-olvasni jól tudó munkásokra tegyen szert, maga is alapított iskolákat, amelyekben a szükséges infrastruktúrán túl a tanárok javadalmazásairól is gondoskodott. A ma is működő, a DGT (Dunagőzhajózási Társaság) által 1856-ban nyitott pécsbányai iskola kiemelkedő példája ennek a szemléletnek és gondoskodásnak.  A nyitás körülményeit és az iskola működését bemutató tanulmány elsősorban levéltári alapkutatásokra épül. Célja annak a bemutatása, hogy a jól megfontolt, átgondolt oktatáspolitika milyen virágzó intézményrendszert képes létrehozni, és annak milyen hatása van az adott mikro- és makrotársadalomra. A levéltári források feldolgozása manuális módon történt; a kortörténeti háttér megrajzolását szakirodalmi adatok segítették. A kutatás összegzéseképpen nem nehéz arra a következtetésre jutni, hogy a vizsgált kor oktatáspolitikája sok vonatkozásban példa lehet a jelen számára is, és rámutat arra, hogy a kisgyermekkorban kezdődő oktatás-nevelés a társadalom fejlődésének az egyik legfontosabb záloga.
Könyvtári partnerkapcsolatok kialakítása: Esettanulmány a Hamvas Béla Pest Megyei Könyvtár gyakorlatából
Authors: Tóth Máté
Published: April 2023

A könyvtári partnerkapcsolatok jelentősége megnőtt az elmúlt évtizedekben. Az együttműködések során az egyes szereplők olyan szolgáltatásokat, kedvezményeket vesznek igénybe a másik fél részéről, illetve kínálnak egymás számára, amely a saját szakmai munkájukat segíti, de annak előállítására nem képesek, az igénybe vételéhez pedig nem rendelkeznek megfelelő erőforrásokkal.

A Hamvas Béla Pest Megyei Könyvtár szintén számos együttműködést alakított ki az elmúlt két évben közgyűjteményekkel, kulturális, szociális és oktatási intézményekkel, vállalatokkal, civil szervezetekkel és magánszemélyekkel. A tanulmány célja, hogy egy esettanulmány formájában bemutassa ezeket a példákat és a tapasztalatok alapján általánosítható következtetéseket fogalmazzon meg.

Az esettanulmányban bemutatott példák alapján a különböző szférák (kulturális, közgyűjteményi, szociális, civil és versenyszféra) szereplői jellemzően más és más típusú erőforrások megosztására törekednek attól függően, hogy az egyes intézmények, szervezetek miből szenvednek hiányt, vagy melyekben bővelkednek. A könyvtár a partnerkapcsolatok megteremtése útján sokkal hatékonyabban és gazdaságosabban betöltheti azt a küldetését, hogy egy alkotó közösség inspiráló közegévé váljon.
A fenntartható fejlődés záloga: kulturális örökségünk védelme rendhagyó helyzetekben
Authors: Nagy Andor
Published: April 2023

Az ENSZ egyik legfontosabb, ma is érvényes programja a Világunk átalakítása: Fenntartható Fejlődési Keretrendszer 2030 címet viseli. Közgyűjteményi, és kiemelten könyvtári szempontból is igen jelentős dokumentum született, így a Könyvtári Egyesületek és Szervezetek Nemzetközi Szövetsége még a kiadás évében, 2015-ben megjelentette Könyvtárak a Világunk 2030-ig Program megvalósításában című útmutatóját. Ahogy az ENSZ Keretrendszere, úgy az IFLA szakértői anyaga is egyértelművé teszi, hogy a fenntartható fejlődés, és azzal összefüggésben a társadalmi és környezeti problémák megoldása nem lehetséges az információhoz való hozzáférés hiányosságainak megszüntetése, az általános műveltség emelése, és a világunk kultúrájának és szellemi örökségének megőrzése, hozzáférhetővé tétele nélkül. A jelen tanulmány alapját képező kutatás primer és szekunder forrásokat felhasználva feltárja, hogy melyek azok a sokszor előre nem látható veszélyek, amelyek történelmünk során újra és újra kulturális örökségünk egy-egy szeletének lemorzsolódását okozzák. A tanulmány ezeket a veszélyeket négy kategóriába sorolja, és bemutat néhány fontos törekvést, amelyek célja megelőzni kulturális örökségünk lassú pusztulását.
A study on conformal Ricci solitons and conformal Ricci almost solitons within the framework of almost contact geometry
Authors: Dey S.
Published: April 2023

The goal of this paper is to find some important Einstein manifolds using conformal Ricci solitons and conformal Ricci almost solitons. We prove that a Kenmotsu metric as a conformal Ricci soliton is Einstein if it is an $\eta$-Einstein or the potential vector field $V$ is infinitesimal contact transformation or collinear with the Reeb vector field $\xi$. Next, we prove that a Kenmotsu metric as gradient conformal Ricci almost soliton is Einstein if the Reeb vector field leaves the scalar curvature invariant. Finally, we have embellished an example to illustrate the existence of conformal Ricci soliton and gradient almost conformal Ricci soliton on Kenmotsu manifold.
Studies of Physical Parameters of Indigenous Artifacts. Collecting and Preserving the Relating Oral Stories
Authors: Sardarli Arzu , Siegfried Evelyn , Swan Ida , Panas Tim , Volodin Andrei , Kingfisher Leta , Patterson William , Timsic Sandra
Published: April 2023

The project, supported by the Department of Canadian Heritage, was conducted by scholars from First Nations University of Canada (FNUniv), University of Regina (U of R) and Royal Saskatchewan Museum (RSM) in 2018 - 2020, in collaboration with Sturgeon Lake and Pelican Narrows First Nations communities. More than forty people, including Elders and students, participated in this project. The research Ethics review was done by U of R. We also consulted with Elders regarding the research Ethics protocols during the individual meetings, ceremonies and workshops in Pelican Narrows and Sturgeon Lake. Research assistants (Indigenous students) were trained (Indigenous studies and the basics of archaeology) for working in First Nations communities and at the RSM. We interviewed Elders and Knowledge Keepers from Pelican Narrows and Sturgeon Lake and recorded their oral stories; collected Indigenous artifacts in these communities and selected samples from RSM collections for physical measurements at the Scanning Electron Microscope Laboratory of the University of Alberta, Saskatchewan Isotope Laboratory of the University of Saskatchewan and André E. Lalonde Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory of the University of Ottawa. Then we carried out the statistical analysis of the obtained data. The preliminary results of the project were presented to community members.
From the Ground Up: Critical Reflections About Co-Constructing A New Non-Profit Sector Undergraduate Certificate
Authors: DeSantis Gloria C. , Tremka Angela N.
Published: April 2023

Community-university engagement is a growing field and takes many different forms. We explain and reflect critically on a community-university developmental process that we created to design a new non-profit studies undergraduate certificate. A steering group comprising students, non-profit organizations (NPOs), and faculty guided our process. We adopted a community-based, emergent, multi-tactic process that went from testing an idea, to collectively designing and co-constructing the certificate to building momentum to operationalize it, over an 18-month period. Our strategy was based on the convergence of three main bodies of literature—community-engaged scholarship, citizen participation, and naturalistic inquiry—and included seven tactics: community-university dialogues, e-communication, interactive booths in public places, presentations and learning circles, student research projects, student and NPO surveys, and pilot-testing undergraduate courses. The outcomes of our process revealed strong community support for a new certificate, which was then co-constructed and later approved by the University Senate. Today, five years later, we reflect on the ebb and flow of our process, in particular: emergent design challenges, the space-in-between, community/university black boxes, ownership, and facilitation work. This exploration contributes to the knowledge base on co-construction processes.
Realizing the Promise of Disaggregated Data and Analytics for Social Justice Through Community Engagement and Intersectoral Research Partnerships
Authors: Kaida Angela , Anderson Jillian , Barnard Christine , Bartram Lyn , Bert Daniel , Carpendale Sheelagh , Dean Charmaine , Estep Donald , Etowa Josephine , Gislason Maya , Greening Genesa , Hariri Mehrdad , Hoogeveen Dawn , Israel Dalya , Johal Am , Kennedy Angel , McKenzie Kwame , Mendenhall Ruby , Mourad Nahed , Nicholson Valerie , Nolan Kelly , Osborne Zoe , Popowich Fred , Reedman Alexa , Simpson John , Smith Julia , Smith Malinda
Published: April 2023

In Canada, community and policy leaders have issued urgent calls to collect, analyze, and mobilize disaggregated data to inform equity-oriented initiatives aimed at addressing systemic racism and gender inequity, as well as other social inequities. This essay presents critical reflections from a national Roundtable discussion regarding how meaningful community engagement within academia–community–government research collaborations offers the opportunity to harness disaggregated data and advanced analytics to centre and address the priorities of equity-deserving and sovereignty-seeking groups. Participants emphasized four key priorities: (1) Building equitable and engaged partnerships that centre community-driven priorities and address structural barriers to community engagement; (2) Co-creating ethical data governance policies and infrastructure to support community data ownership and access; (3) Stimulating innovation and pursuing community involvement to create contextualized, advanced analyses and effective visualizations of disaggregated data; and (4) Building the capacity of all partners to effectively contribute to partnership goals. Capacity building was viewed as a bridge across a diversity of lived and professional expertise, enabling intersectoral research teams to collaborate in culturally safe and respectful ways. Beyond identifying key structural barriers impeding the promise of disaggregated data, we present practical opportunities for innovation in community-engaged scholarship to address social justice challenges in Canada.
From the Editor
Authors: Bradford Lori
Published: April 2023

While many of the articles published in the Engaged Scholar Journal (ESJ) report on fieldwork, research, and collaborations, we do often have works devoted to teaching, pedagogy, and curriculum, and lessons from each of the pieces we publish can usually be transferred to teaching contexts.
Formation of emission in diode lasers with evaporation of various impurities on the main semiconductor crystal having affinity to electron
Authors: I Gretchikhin Leonid
Published: April 2023

The introduction contains a summary of modern provisions that make it impossible to interpret many phenomena occurring in diode laser systems on the basis of commonly accepted physical conceptions. The work demonstrates their inadequacy. The goal and tasks of studies have been formulated. Analysis of a solid and its internal structure (crystal) is provided. It is demonstrated that interaction of plane surface clusters determines the surface structure of solids, while the interaction between three-dimensional clusters determines the internal structure of solids (crystals). Each atom inside the crystal interacts with the first, second and third coordination layer. The value of conduction band energy is determined by displacement of the ionization boundary. For implementation of diode lasers, the distribution of electrons by Fermi-Dirac energies must have a sufficiently diffused maximum. N-conductivity emerges when ionization of negative ions occurs, the energy of affinity of which is located near the conduction band. Р-conductivity is determined by ionization of negative ions, the energy of affinity of which is located near the valence band. Р-n junction is mostly formed when two-atom molecules enter the band gap. In this case, some of the atoms have an affinity for an electron with the value of such affinity located is near the conduction band, while other atoms have an affinity for an electron near the valence band. Interband transition energy contains three components: 1 – Fermi level position energy; 2 – energy of external applied electrical field, and 3 – induced energy formed by positive charge in the valence band. Generation of laser emission takes place when two-atom molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor crystal, in which atoms have an affinity to the electron for some of the atoms near the conduction band and for other atoms near the valence band. Maximum emission intensity occurs when external applied electrical voltage fully compensates the energy of affinity to the electron located near the conduction band.