bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption of Industry 4.0 in Remotely Located Industries
Authors: Halkarnikar Pratap Pandurang , Pandurang Khandagale Hriday
Published: December 2023

The manufacturing industry is revolutionized by introducing information
and communication technology for productivity, flexibility, and agility. This Industry
4.0 has revolutionized the way companies manufacture, update and distribute their
products. Manufacturers are integrating new technologies, like the Internet of Things
(IoT), cloud computing, data analytics, and AI, into their production facilities and
business operations. This digitization of manufacturing has increased the productivity
of plants, reduced the dependency on human resources and improved logistics. This led
to a better return on investment in the manufacturing sector and started blooming again.
Many start-ups are coming up with new business ideas based on new technologies.
These ideas are now easy to integrate with Industry 4.0-ready facilities. Now it is
challenging to take advantage of this wave of new business opportunities for the
traditional manufacturing industry. These industries strive to implement this
technology for their plants, which are also located geographically remote. To sustain
these older plants to new generation competition and expectations, it is necessary to
shift and adopt the technology of Industry 4.0. Transition business models need to be
developed for shifting to a “new business model” of the company, along with the “old
business model” that is slowly “decommissioned”. In this chapter, we will discuss the
need, challenges, and advantages of integrating new technology into old manufacturing
processes for the sustainability of a business. Organizations that wish to shift to a new
paradigm face many challenges. The most challenging aspects include the skills and
qualifications of their human resource, the ability of their machines to connect and
communicate with each other, and the adoption of various new technologies.
Implementation of Fruit Quality Management and Grading System using Image Processing and ARM7 Platform
Authors: Parkale Yuvraj V.
Published: December 2023

Throughout the history of the industry, producers and retailers have focused
on fruit quality as a major concern. Over the past ten years, the market for high-quality
fruit has expanded quickly, raising the price of the upscale item. However, the state-of-the-art methods have some major drawbacks such as the mechanical systems are bulky,
require more manpower to operate the system, are less accurate, slow, expensive and
with more chances of human mistakes. In this paper, we have addressed these
drawbacks and proposed systems for the management of the fruit quality and grading
of fruits in different categories. These fruits can be sorted automatically depending
upon their different characteristics such as color, size, shape, weight, specific gravity,
sugar contents, and ph. In this paper, we have selected three characteristics of fruit
namely color, size, and weight for measuring the quality of fruit and grading them
accordingly. The result shows that the proposed system has successfully implemented
fruit quality management and grading. The system is automatic and results in
lightweight, simple and inexpensive hardware, increased speed of operation and
reduces manpower, and mistakes.
Internet of Things-based Smart Sensing Mechanism for Mining Applications
Authors: Sable Nilesh P. , Rathod Vijay U. , Mahalle Parikshit N. , Bagade Jayashri , Phursule Rajesh
Published: December 2023

According to the English lexicon, mining is the extraction of coal or other
natural minerals from a mine. Extracting these natural minerals is extremely risky, and
employees' lives are at stake. Mining workers are exposed to a dangerous underground
environment that can cause harm or even death. Some of these injuries or fatalities can
be traced back to human error. However, several physical factors or reasons for such a
subterranean environment might be blamed for these mishaps. It is not easy to monitor
without endangering someone's life. Previously, companies depended on manual
processes where an individual would physically inspect the situation, make
observations, and submit a report. This technique was too hazardous since the person
monitoring a specific threat may be harmed by the same hazard. As a result, this has
been the mining industry's most serious challenge for a long time. A smart system can
detect problems and communicate information to the relevant authorities before
anything hazardous occurs due to this procedure. This smart network system uses
wireless sensors and an IoT platform. Gas, temperature, humidity, and vibration
sensors are the various types of sensors used to detect the presence of any toxic gas,
monitor the temperature, identify the amount of humidity in the air, and monitor
subsurface tremors, respectively. All of these sensors are linked together, and the data
collected by these sensors is subsequently sent to the cloud for processing. This
analysis will assist the system in understanding subsurface behavioural changes, and as
a result, it will be able to provide warnings of impending dangerous circumstances. The
Raspberry Pi and the Raspberries operating system are used for data analysis. This
smart system intends to lower the risk of accidents and infections, benefiting workers
and the company's economy.Such IoT architecture in the mining industry, which combines operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT), provides a safer mine site for workers, reliable
mining operations, a highly integrated environment for both traditional and innovative
sensors and equipment, automation that can reduce human intervention and covert
surveillance. This research aims to increase IoT adoption in the mining sector by
combining a high-level architecture, complying with all industry standards and
guidelines, and addressing the mining industry's specific challenges.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for IoT
Authors: Dhas Prashant C. , Mahalle Parikshit N. , Shinde Gitanjali R.
Published: December 2023

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are the latest topics across
industries. A lot of concentration has been given to these areas and still the adoption
has been challenged by users and experts in this field in the search for some kind of
solution to be provided that the output can be trusted by all. The purpose of this paper
is to focus on the sensor data coming from various IoT devices and how the data can be
interpreted by various available algorithms. The ML algorithm is considered a black
box with a focus on providing the required output without finding the causes behind the
decision and working mechanism provided by that model. In this chapter, we tried to
explain various common techniques/models available for eXplainable Artificial
Intelligence (XAI) and how those can be used for IoT data.
High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Instrumentation
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya
Published: December 2023

HPTLC is one type of planar chromatography and the most advanced form
of instrumental TLC. HPTLC equipment involves an autosampler for the application of
a specific amount of sample on the plate, after spotting of sample the plate is developed
in a TLC development chamber after development the plate is dried and visualized
using visualizer. This chapter briefly discusses the equipment involved in the
development of TLC.
Process Steps for HPTLC Analysis
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya
Published: December 2023

This chapter briefly discusses the general aspects that can affect the result of
TLC. Sample preparation, application of samples, preparation of development solvents,
the steps involved in the development of TLC, visualization and derivatization, and
detection of analyte are the key steps of chromatographic development. This chapter
focuses on the process steps for HPTLC analysis.
Stationary Phase in High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya
Published: December 2023

As discussed in the first chapter, Chromatography is a separation technique
based on the different affinities of the components in a mixture of two immiscible
phases. One phase does not move (stationary phase) and the other moves through it in a
definite direction (mobile phase). This chapter discusses the adsorbent or stationary
phase used in TLC and the properties of these materials.
Fingerprints of Medicinal Plants
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya
Published: December 2023

Medicinal plants are considered a rich source of phytochemicals, which can
be used in drug development. For this purpose, the selection of correctly identified
herbs is of significance as each herb has a unique phytochemical distribution pattern.
High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) is one of the simplest yet
robust techniques for the identification of herbs, as it can provide unique
phytochemical fingerprints for each herb. However, process parameters of generating
HPTLC fingerprints require rigorous optimization for each plant. This chapter provides
HPTLC fingerprints for 108 medicinal plants together with their botanical name and
common Hindi names. Besides providing optimized HPTLC conditions for generating
these unique 108 fingerprints, this book also offers a list of solvent systems and
derivatizing reagents for screening of phytochemicals. With classical taxonomical
features and HPTLC fingerprinting methodology compiled, this chapter aims to serve
as a guide for the identity verification of medicinal plants.
Enhancing Vegetative Growth and Nutrient Assimilation Through Nano-Biofertilizers
Authors:   University of Tehran, Jourabchian Samaneh , Farshchian Ahmadreza ,   University of Tehran, Shams Zohreh ,   Alzahra University, Asgharzahed Maryam ,   University of Tehran
Published: December 2023

This study, conducted at Zabol University in Iran during 2019-2020, aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress and various fertilizer treatments on the growth, nutrient assimilation, and essential oil production of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). The second year of the experiment yielded the most favorable growth results, attributed to the establishment of mature root systems. Drought stress negatively impacted growth parameters, but the application of nano-bio-fertilizers and bio-fertilizers mitigated these adverse effects. Under drought stress conditions, there was a decrease in leaf nitrogen and phosphorus levels, while potassium levels increased. The utilization of biological and nano-biological fertilizers enhanced the nutritional environment, stimulating root growth and improving soil conditions. Intriguingly, drought stress led to an increase in the production of secondary metabolites, including essential oil. Both nano-systemic and biological fertilizers further augmented essential oil yield, demonstrating their efficacy in high-stress conditions. Additionally, this research identified a negative correlation between plant growth and essential oil percentage. The strategic application of fertilizers has the potential to counteract the detrimental impacts of drought stress, optimizing rosemary's growth and essential oil yield.
Digital competence for students in the networking society 5.0: A systematic review
Authors: Wicaksono Rudy Bagus , Prasetiyo Wibowo Heru
Published: December 2023

The systematic review provides research trends about the importance of digital competence among students in Indonesia. However, there are limited literature reviews regarding digital competencies for students. This research used the PRISMA protocol using Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar databases. Researchers set inclusion and exclusion criteria in the literature search. One hundred twenty-two articles were produced, which were then filtered to 20. This research used content analysis to code, classify, and develop themes. Based on the analysis results, three major themes were obtained: student digital competence, digital native students, and digital learning engagement. This review promotes the importance of digital competencies for students and recommends strategies for developing them through learning integration.
The influence of civic education learning and the Pancasila Student Profile Program on improving Ideological values understanding
Authors: Pangalila Theodorus , Fatimah Siti
Published: December 2023

Civic Education Learning and the Pancasila Student Profile are important elements in efforts to strengthen students' understanding of Pancasila values. This study aims to: 1) test and analyze whether Civic Education Learning (X1) partially has a significant effect on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (X2); 2) test and analyze whether the Pancasila Student Profile Programme (X2) partially has a significant effect on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (Y); and 3) test and analyzing whether Civic Education Learning (X1) and the Pancasila Student Profile programme (X2) simultaneously have a significant influence on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (Y). This research uses quantitative methods. The research location was Gonzaga Tomohon Catholic Middle School, with a total sample of 40 students. Primary data was obtained through a questionnaire and then tested with the IBM SPSS programme version 26. This study uses multiple linear analysis techniques in hypothesis testing. The results showed that 1) testing the first hypothesis was accepted, namely Civic Education Learning (X1) had a significant effect on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (Y); 2) testing the second hypothesis was accepted, namely the Pancasila Student Profile Programmeme (X2) had a significant effect on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (Y); and 3) testing the third hypothesis was accepted, namely Civic Education Learning (X1) and the Pancasila Student Profile Programmeme (X2) simultaneously had a significant influence on increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values (Y). Research efforts to contribute to increasing students' understanding of the importance of Pancasila values need to be carried out as an effort to form and strengthen the character of nationalism in the younger generation.
Challenges and strengthening the role of Pancasila ideology in the reform era through increasing literacy
Authors: Ruyadi Yadi , Hadianto Daris , Nugraha Dadi Mulyadi , Praja Wina Nurhayati , Dahliyana Asep , Supriyono Supriyono
Published: December 2023

The government has attempted to realize nation-building and character-building based on Pancasila values through a systemic and planned national education system. However, students' understanding, skills, and actualization of Pancasila values still experience various obstacles, one of which is literacy. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the role of Pancasila ideology by increasing ideological literacy among students. This research aims to uncover challenges and strengthen the role of the Pancasila ideology through increasing literacy. The approach used in this research is qualitative with a literature review method using inductive and descriptive analysis. The research findings found that the challenges of strengthening the role of Pancasila ideology, namely instilling Pancasila values amidst the onslaught of foreign culture, increasing human resources based on Pancasila values, and efforts to maintain its existence. One way to strengthen the role of Pancasila ideology is to increase the literacy skills of Pancasila ideology among students. Increasing literacy in Pancasila ideology can enable students to understand and apply Pancasila values in everyday life. The implication of this research is to increase Pancasila ideology literacy among students and encourage stakeholders or teachers to increase ideological literacy while at the same time instilling Pancasila values among students.
Moving with the Trend: the Impact of Digital Technologies on Journalism Practice in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Owe Patience , Umoren Philomena Effiong , Okalla Fabian , Alaekwe Kizito Nzube , Oduenyi Christian Chuddy , Etumnu Emeka Williams
Published: December 2023

The integration of digital technology into the field of journalism in Nigeria has en-gendered both obstacles and prospects, hence fostering advancements in the in-dustry. As a result of this, the study assessed the impact of digital technologies application on mainstream journalism practice among journalists in Imo State. The research was grounded in the theoretical frameworks of technological determinism and new media theory. The study employed a survey research approach, utilising a census principle to sample a population of 200 registered journalists. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Results showed that majority of the respond-ents have access to digital technologies in the discharge of their duties to a large extent at 66% and they use digital technologies often. The respondents have a posi-tive perception towards the application of digital technologies in journalism practice with the believe that digital technology is a blessing to journalism profession at an average mean of 3.6. Result also revealed that digital/computer illiteracy, lack of the requisite knowledge to operate digital technologies gadgets, high cost of acquiring digital technologies gadgets by the media organisation etc. are the challenges faced by the respondents while using digital technologies to carry out their reportorial du-ties at an average mean of 3.7. The result further revealed that digital technologies application in journalism practice has influenced journalism by improving the profes-sional process of news gathering, production and dissemination at an average mean of 3.6. The study concluded that digital technology has improved the professional process of news gathering, production and dissemination, thus, has significantly influenced journalism practice. The study recommended for the acceptance of digital switchover by media organisations and its embrace among the journalists.
Complicated supravesical obstruction in patients with urolithiasis: multifactorial analysis of risk factors
Authors: Khasanov M. M. , Abdufattaev U. A. , Nomanov A. A. , Mukhtarov Sh. T.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Urolithiasis (UL) is a common disease observed in a huge number of people around the world. Supravesical obstruction (SVO) is a less frequent but potentially dangerous phenomenon that occurs when the urinary tract is blocked above the bladder, often resulting in impaired urinary passage and requiring surgery in most cases.

Objective. To determine the risk factors of complicated supravesical obstruction in patients with urolithiasis.

Materials & methods. We have conducted a retrospective study of diagnostic and treatment results of patients with SVO suffering from UL. Inclusion criteria: patients with established UL and SVO. Exclusion criteria: cancer and/or specific infection leading to SVO. From 2017 to 2019, 6250 patients with SVO were screened and treated at our centre. After assessing compliance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1106 patients were selected for the study. We studied the risk factors leading to complicated course of SVO.

Results. We evaluated the risk factors for the development of complicated SVO in patients with UL. All results are presented by EXP(B), with a 95% confidence interval in square brackets: complex kidney stones — 5,326 [2,247 – 9,296], ureteral stones — 12,251 [7,256 – 21,226], double-sided stones — 7,256 [2,158 – 9,255], disease length — 4,324 [1,782 – 8,256], urinary tract infection — 19,258 [4,258 – 26,248], blood leukocytosis — 15,116 [3,985 – 21,256], high serum creatinine — 10,244 [5,269 – 16,254], high serum glucose — 5,226 [3,145 – 11,254].

Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that blocking renal and ureteral stones, double-side stones, upper urinary tract infection, low creatinine clearance, diabetes mellitus and disease length are significant risk factors for complicated course of SVO.
Novel original suture technique in partial nephrectomy: experimental evaluation of efficacy
Authors: Shkodkin S. V. , Zubaidi M. Z. A. A. , Bondarev V. P. , Chibichyan M. B. , Ponomarev E. G. , Nechiporenko V. Yu. , Shkodkin K. S.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Nephron-sparing surgery for localised renal cell carcinoma has firmly entered the guideline base of all urological associations. One important aspect of this surgery is the management of the renal wound after partial nephrectomy. The abundance of haemostasis methods is not only the result of relentless search, but also the real lack of universal and effective technologies.

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of various suture techniques in partial nephrectomy.

Materials & methods. The suture techniques were studied on laboratory mature male rats weighing 280 – 350 g with bilateral partial nephrectomy.  The groups were assessed: suture time and relative suture eruption rate as the ratio of the number of eruptions to the total number of ligatures tied, morphological appearance of the resection line on days 7 and 28.

Results. In the continuous and novel suture groups, suture time and heat ischaemia time were comparable (p = 0.068). In the group of horizontal interrupted sutures, this indicator was significantly higher (p < 0.01). Optimization of the renorraphy technique using the novel original suture made it possible to reduce the incidence of eruption and hemorrhagic complications by 19.7% compared to the twist suture (p<0.05). The use of a novel experimental suture made it possible to speed up the suturing time by 38.5%, and to reduce the risks of morphologically confirmed acute renal injury by 58.0% compared with the classic suturing technique of renal parenchyma. This group showed mild inflammatory and necrotic changes along the suture line with resorption by the fourth week of follow-up.

Conclusion. Thus, the novel surgical suture made it possible not only to overcome the problem of insufficient mechanical strength inherent in vertical sutures, to reduce the risk of thread eruption, tangential deformities, and ischemia, but also to provide an acceptable heat ischemia time. This contributed to minimal ischemic and inflammatory changes among the three study groups.
Testicular appendix (hydatid of Morgagni) torsion in adult urological management: evaluation of treatment outcomes
Authors: Shormanov I. S. , Shedrov D. N. , Garova D. Y. , Ryzhkov A. I.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Testicular appendix (hydatid of Morgagni) torsion (TAT) is relatively rare in patients over 18 years of age. To date, there are no systematised data on the long-term results of TAT treatment depending on the diagnostic and therapeutic tactics undertaken. Accordingly, there are no clear algorithms for the management of such patients.

Objective. To evaluate and compare long-term results of various treatment options for patients with testicular appendix torsion over the age of 18 years.

Materials & methods. The age of patients is from 18 to 46 years. We analysed the treatment results of TAT-patients in three comparison groups: those who received conservative treatment for uncomplicated course of the disease (group 1, n = 17), early surgical treatment for complicated course (group 2, n = 16), and patients who were operated on for complicated course if conservative therapy was ineffective (group 3, n = 17). The exclusion criteria were concomitant scrotal pathology (hydrocele, funicular hydrocele, varicocele, epididymitis); severe somatic pathology (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart attack, stroke). Evaluation of long-term results was carried out 9 – 12 months after the acute episode. Scrotal ultrasound (US) and Doppler US of testicular vessels were compared, endocrine status (levels of total testosterone, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone) and reproductive function were studied based on the results of semen analysis and MAR-test.

Results. Analyses of long-term clinical data revealed recurrent orchalgia in 29.4% of patients in group 3. Also, in group 3, US revealed testicular asymmetry in 47.1% of patients accompanied by hypotrophy of the affected testis up to 20.8% of the volume compared to the contralateral testis. There were no significant changes and differences in groups 1 and 2. Evaluation of endocrine function showed no significant difference of the studied groups from the control normative indicators. Semen analysis parameters were not significantly changed in groups 1 and 2. In group 3, asthenozoospermia was found in 23.5% of cases, and teratozoospermia was detected in 29.4% of patients.

Conclusion. Conservative treatment for TAT without inflammatory changes does not lead to impaired spermatogenesis and structural changes of both the testis and its appendix in the long-term follow-up period and is the most accepted in practice. Early surgical intervention for inflammatory changes shows similar long-term results. Prolonged conservative treatment for TAT in secondary orchoepidididymitis with delayed surgery significantly worsens long-term results. This fact also demonstrates the need for early surgery in complicated TAT.
Robot-assisted transurethral holmium ureterolithotripsy
Authors: Eremenko S. N. , Eremenko A. N. , Martov A. G. , Simonovich A. V. , Dolgopolov V. P. , Chernega V. S. , Aliyev M. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Currently, transurethral laser ureterolithotripsy is the standard treatment for ureteral stones. It allows you to achieve complete stone fragmentation in one-stage. We were interested in the possibility of performing ureterolithotripsy using a robotic assistant. In fact, robotic systems in medicine and surgery are becoming more and more relevant every year.

Objective. To evaluate the possibilities of robot-assisted transurethral laser ureterolithotripsy, to study its effectiveness and duration in comparison with holmium lithotripsy in standard surgery, as well as to conduct a study and expert evaluation of the symptoms of surgeon fatigue in standard lithotripsy and robot-assisted lithotripsy.

Materials & methods. The study was conducted in 2022 and consisted of two stages. The first stage involved the development and testing of a robotic lithotripsy technique using simulators, including the author's fixation device for the ureteroscope. This device allowed to tightly fix the instrument in the "robotic arm", while maintaining the full range of necessary movements. During the second stage (clinical), the results of holmium ureterolithotripsy in standard and robotic surgeries were studied. Patients with ureterolithiasis were divided into two groups: 14 patients — standard lithotripsy and 13 patients — robotic assisted lithotripsy. The selection criteria were the presence of a single ureteral stone accessible to a semi-rigid ureteroscope.

Results. According to the results of the study, robot-assisted transurethral holmium ureterolithotripsy has the greatest advantages in terms of the fatigue indicators of the surgeon during surgery. So, no significant difference was found in fragmentation time (1 gram of stone). In standard ureterolithotripsy this indicator was 63.8 min/g, and in robot-assisted ureterolithotripsy it was 57.8 min/g (p < 0.1). When comparing the surgeon's fatigue scores, a significant difference between the two groups was determined. Thus, during standard surgery, the surgeon rated the shoulder numbness score at 3.50 points, while during robot-assisted surgery at 0.17 points (p < 0.01).

Conclusion. The study showed that transurethral contact laser ureterolithotripsy with the use of robotic assistant does not increase the surgery time, but the surgeon's fatigue factor is significantly reduced. This may indirectly contribute to reducing the risk of intra- and postoperative complications.
HistoScanningTM vs. standard multifocal biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis: a comparison of diagnostic methods
Authors: Kotov S. V. , Guspanov R. I. , Pulbere S. A. , Yusufov A. G. , Khachatryan A. L. , Badretdinov I. S. , Zhilov M. S. , Alekberov E. M. , Logvinova S. L.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant diseases. The prostate biopsy is the verification standard of PCa. The multifocal biopsy under ultrasound (US) guidance shows high rate of false negative results. As a result, the new diagnostic methods have been discovered. HistoscanningTM is the new method of visualization. HistoscanningTM is a new prostate tissue differentiation technology based on US backscatter analysis. The software analyses tissue density builds a 3D model of the prostate and indicates the localisation of PCa-suspect foci that are targeted for biopsy.

Objective. To rate the diagnostic accuracy of HistoscanningTM and identify the benefits of targeted prostate biopsy compared to the multifocal biopsy.

Matherials & methods. A prospective study conducted between Jan 2017 and May 2021 is presented. Ninety-hundred nine patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy in Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1 were included. Control group A — 443 men after standard multifocal biopsy, comparison group B — 506 men after combined standard multifocal biopsy together with targeted biopsy using HistoscanningTM.

Results. In the control group, prostate cancer was detected in 33.4% of patients, while in the group using the HistoscanningTM device it was found in 39.7%. ISUP 1 high-grade PCa were more frequent in group В — 71.1%, in group А— 52.7%. Isolated lesion of targeted biopsy specimens was found only in 9 patients (4.5%) of the group В. Combined lesion of standard and targeted biopsy specimens was more frequent and was detected in 121 patients. However, in 72 patients no atypical cells were detected in targeted biopsy specimens when prostate cancer was verified in standard biopsy specimens. The efficacy of HistoscanningTM was comparable to standard biopsy for prostate volumes > 60 cс.

Conclusion. The use of HistoscanningTM improves the diagnosis of PCa, mainly due to the ISUP 1. Performing only targeted cores is impractical due to the high percentage of false negative results. Combined prostate biopsy with mandatory sampling of targeted biopsy cores along with standard biopsy specimens is indicated. The diagnostic accuracy of HistoscanningTM showed the best results with a prostate volume <60 cc.
Histamine intoxication in scombroid poisoning
Authors: Nalyotov A. V. , Serdyukova D. A. , Shapchenko T. I.
Published: December 2023

Objective: based on the data of modern domestic and foreign scientific literature, to study the state of the issue of histamine intoxication in scombroid poisoning. Materials and methods: the materials of the works of modern literary sources on this topic are studied. Results: the article presents current information on the development of histamine intoxication in scombroid poisoning. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease and its clinical features, possible diagnostic options, principles of therapy are considered. Conclusions: currently, scombroidosis remains an urgent problem, since the absence of specific clinical manifestations and laboratory diagnostics, the similarity of the clinical picture with the symptoms of an IgE allergic reaction to fish are the cause of incorrect diagnosis, underestimation of the clinical symptoms of the disease.
Features of the arterial hypertension course and arterial stiffness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis who get infected COVID-19
Authors: Bogdalova L. R. , Nikitina N. M. , Yupatova M. I. , Rebrov A. P.
Published: December 2023

Objective: to evaluate the features of development and course of arterial hypertension (AH) and changes in vascular stiffness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who underwent COVID-19. Materials and methods: 60 patients with a reliable diagnosis of AS were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of COVID - 19 in anamnesis. The main group consisted of 30 patients with AS who had suffered COVID-19 of varying severity during the previous 12 months. The comparison group consisted of 30 patients with AS who had no laboratory and clinically confirmed COVID-19 infection within the last year. Patients were interviewed regarding the severity of their previous coronavirus infection and persisting symptoms in the post-COVID-19 period. AS activity was evaluated by ASDAS (CRB, BASDAI-index). BP measurement and study of arterial stiffness parameters by oscillographic method, evaluation of the results of ambulatory BP measurement were performed. Results: 6 (20%) patients had BP destabilization at the outpatient stage during home BP measurement early after COVID-19. After 12 months, BP elevation persisted in only 2 (7%) patients, the rest had BP stabilization with withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs. No correlation between BP level, arterial stiffness and AS activity was found. There was a weak inverse correlation between the severity of coronavirus infection and the level of systolic blood pressure, between age and pulse wave velocity. No significant differences in systolic, diastolic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, aortic augmentation index were found in patients with AS with and without coronavirus infection. In the main group, 1 fatal outcome due to the development of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction 6 months after COVID-19 was recorded, and no adverse cardiovascular events were registered among patients in the comparison group. Conclusion: it was hypothesized that patients with AS who underwent COVID-19 would be more likely to show BP elevation than those who did not undergo COVID-19. It was found that early after COVID-19 (first three months) a reversible increase in BP without significant changes in arterial stiffness is possible. However, no significant differences in the frequency of BP elevation, BP level, and arterial stiffness were found in patients with AS and COVID-19 or without COVID-19 in anamnesis.
Dynamics of lipid metabolism in hypertensive patients who have had COVID-19 when the L-arginine + dihydroquercetin complex is included in the combined antihypertensive pharmacotherapy
Authors: Nalotov S. V. , Nalotova O. S. , Serdiuk E. B. , Nalotova E. N. , Alesinsky M. M. , Sidorenko I. A.
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To evaluate data on the dynamics of lipid metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension stage II who have had COVID-19, when the L-arginine complex + dihydroquercetin.Materials and methods: The article provides data on the dynamics of lipid metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension stage II who have had COVID-19, when the L-arginine complex (500 mg tablets 1 time per day) + dihydroquercetin (25 mg tablets 2 times) is included in combination antihypertensive therapy per day.Results: In patients who received combination antihypertensive therapy, which included statins (group 1), the target triglyceride value (<1.7 mmol/l) was not achieved. The target value for calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<3.7 mmol/L) was also not achieved. More significant changes in lipid metabolism were detected in patients (group 2) who took the L-arginine + dihydroquercetin complex as part of combined antihypertensive therapy, which included statins. Thus, in patients of group 2, total cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly (by 20-30%). There was also a significant decrease in this group of patients (by 30%) in the calculated indicator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its target value was achieved (<3.7 mmol/l), namely 3.13±0.19 mmol/l.Summary: the inclusion of the L-arginine complex (tablets 500 mg 1 time per day) + dihydroquercetin (tablets 25 mg 2 times per day) in the combined AHT + statins in patients with stage II hypertension who have had COVID-19 is more effective than the combination AHT + statins affect OB, which is manifested by an improvement in its key indicators (TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C), as well as the calculated indicator of non-HDL-C.
Themes and Topics on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in JMIR Dermatology Publications
Authors: Rodriguez Ramiro , Osman Karima M , Anderson Lachlan , Pascual Micah , Dellavalle Robert P
Published: December 2023

Publications dealing with topics considered to be pertinent to diversity, equity, and inclusion are increasing. Due to the increasing trend, dermatology journals have started to implement ways to evaluate and understand these publications. Here, we discuss a keyword approach to identify and then categorize these publications. Keywords identified 43 manuscripts. Two reviewers screened the articles’ titles and abstracts, and recommended a full manuscript review for 24 publications. Through the scope of definitions from the National Institutes of Health, an editorial board member performed a full-text review and assigned a primary theme to the publications. Themes included equity (n=20) and diversity/inclusion (n=4). Topics were racial/ethnic differences in care delivery or society (n=17), incomplete understanding of gender and sex (n=3), gender identity (n=2), socioeconomic class and its impact on health (n=1), care for rural underserved communities (n=1), and religion (n=1). The results of this review demonstrate a predominance of equity-related publications, particularly emphasizing racial/ethnic differences in health care delivery, in the publications identified in JMIR Dermatology. Future research can focus on creating a review aid to assist editorial board members when providing feedback to manuscripts, refining the keywords, and using thematic analysis methodology to evaluate large sets of publications.
Worldwide Distribution and Extracutaneous Manifestations of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in Adults: Narrative Review
Authors: Harris Blair W , Maxfield Luke , Hunter Abigail , Alhajj Mandy , Ban Byung , Pulsipher Kayd J
Published: December 2023

Background

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), a leukocytoclastic small vessel vasculitis, exhibits both cutaneous and systemic manifestations. While predominantly observed in childhood, it may manifest in adults with more pronounced systemic involvement. Furthermore, HSP is a global phenomenon showcasing epidemiological and systemic variances.

Objective

This study aims to scrutinize extracutaneous manifestations in adults with HSP, discerning distinctions according to geographical regions on a worldwide scale.

Methods

A comprehensive search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was executed, covering papers published from January 1, 1970, to December 1, 2019. Keywords used included “Henoch-Schönlein purpura,” “henoch schonlein purpura+adult,” “IgA vasculitis+adult,” “HSP+adult,” and “IgAV.” A total of 995 publications were identified, from which 42 studies encompassing 4064 patients were selected, with a predominant focus on cases reported in Asia, Europe, and the Americas.

Results

Among adults afflicted with HSP, European patients exhibited a higher propensity for male predominance (P<.001), gastrointestinal involvement (P<.001), and musculoskeletal complications (P<.001). Conversely, patients from the Americas were least likely to experience genitourinary involvement (P<.001).

Conclusions

HSP demonstrates a variance in distribution and extracutaneous manifestations within distinct geographical boundaries. In the adult population, European patients exhibited a higher prevalence of male gender and gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal involvement. Asian patients were more predisposed to genitourinary involvement when compared to their American counterparts. The establishment of prospective studies using standardized reporting measures is imperative to validate the relationships unveiled in this investigation.
Exploring the Feasibility of Using ChatGPT to Create Just-in-Time Adaptive Physical Activity mHealth Intervention Content: Case Study
Authors: Willms Amanda , Liu Sam
Published: December 2023

Background

Achieving physical activity (PA) guidelines’ recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per week has been shown to reduce the risk of many chronic conditions. Despite the overwhelming evidence in this field, PA levels remain low globally. By creating engaging mobile health (mHealth) interventions through strategies such as just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) that are tailored to an individual’s dynamic state, there is potential to increase PA levels. However, generating personalized content can take a long time due to various versions of content required for the personalization algorithms. ChatGPT presents an incredible opportunity to rapidly produce tailored content; however, there is a lack of studies exploring its feasibility.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) explore the feasibility of using ChatGPT to create content for a PA JITAI mobile app and (2) describe lessons learned and future recommendations for using ChatGPT in the development of mHealth JITAI content.

Methods

During phase 1, we used Pathverse, a no-code app builder, and ChatGPT to develop a JITAI app to help parents support their child’s PA levels. The intervention was developed based on the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework, and the necessary behavior change techniques targeting the M-PAC constructs were implemented in the app design to help parents support their child’s PA. The acceptability of using ChatGPT for this purpose was discussed to determine its feasibility. In phase 2, we summarized the lessons we learned during the JITAI content development process using ChatGPT and generated recommendations to inform future similar use cases.

Results

In phase 1, by using specific prompts, we efficiently generated content for 13 lessons relating to increasing parental support for their child’s PA following the M-PAC framework. It was determined that using ChatGPT for this case study to develop PA content for a JITAI was acceptable. In phase 2, we summarized our recommendations into the following six steps when using ChatGPT to create content for mHealth behavior interventions: (1) determine target behavior, (2) ground the intervention in behavior change theory, (3) design the intervention structure, (4) input intervention structure and behavior change constructs into ChatGPT, (5) revise the ChatGPT response, and (6) customize the response to be used in the intervention.

Conclusions

ChatGPT offers a remarkable opportunity for rapid content creation in the context of an mHealth JITAI. Although our case study demonstrated that ChatGPT was acceptable, it is essential to approach its use, along with other language models, with caution. Before delivering content to population groups, expert review is crucial to ensure accuracy and relevancy. Future research and application of these guidelines are imperative as we deepen our understanding of ChatGPT and its interactions with human input.
Bringing the Public Health Informatics and Technology Workforce Together: The PHIAT Conference (Preprint)
Authors: Moreno Arellano April , Shih Huan-ju , Williams Karmen S
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The field of public health informatics has undergone significant evolution in recent years, and advancements in technology and its applications are imperative to address emerging public health challenges. Interdisciplinary approaches and training can assist with these challenges. In 2023, the inaugural Public Health Informatics and Technology (PHIAT) Conference was established as a hybrid 3-day conference at the University of California, San Diego, and online. The conference’s goal was to establish a forum for academics and public health organizations to discuss and tackle new opportunities and challenges in public health informatics and technology. This paper provides an overview of the quest for interest, speakers and topics, evaluations from the attendees, and lessons learned to be implemented in future conferences.
Strategic Culture, South-South Cooperation, and Soft Power Politics: Explaining Brazilian Foreign Aid
Authors: Ramadhan Sasongkojati R. Moh. Hiu Dilangit , Iman Subono Nur
Published: December 2023

What drives Brazil to provide foreign aid to other developing countries? Historically part of the Global South, its active foreign policy strives to become a global power. While research has highlighted Brazil’s foreign policy objectives in providing aid, such as expanding its diplomatic reputation and exporting its development experience abroad, little has been done to note the strategic properties that motivate the development assistance initiatives. Additionally, the emphasis on South-South Cooperation in Brazil’s aid practice is relevant to the literature on the motives of emerging donors. This article assesses Brazil’s act to provide foreign aid between 2003 and 2016 using the theoretical concept of strategic culture, which refers to the nation’s historical norms and values that inform the strategic act of providing foreign aid. We use primary and secondary data that cover findings from official government sources, policy documents, and academic literature. We argue that cultural elements support the formulation of a foreign policy that seeks to expand Brazil’s influence abroad through development assistance diplomacy. Using foreign aid to counteract its material limits, the goal is to raise Brazil’s stature among developing nations and global affairs and maximize its soft power in the South-focused power structure within the post-Cold War multipolar global order.
Temperature and pH-sensitive chitosan-collagen hydrogels for antimicrobial and wound healing applications
Authors: Ud Din Aiman Salah , Ashraf Azqa , Hussain Mudassar , Ahmad Adnan , Khan Imad , AL-Ansi Waleed , Zou Xiaoqiang
Published: December 2023

Hydrogels have proven to be of great value because of their useful properties and functions. Temperature and pH-sensitive chitosan-collagen-based hydrogels have drawn research interest in the area of wound care. Their unique mechanism allows them to release antimicrobial agents in response to changes in the environment and aids in efficient healing of wounds. The current review aims to describe various composite hydrogels of chitosan and collagen, their temperature and pH sensitivity, the antimicrobial effect of chitosan-collagen hydrogels and their applications in wound healing. Sources and properties of chitosan and collagen have also been stated in order to highlight their importance in these hydrogels. The main focus revolves around the potential of chitosan-collagen hydrogels as antimicrobial biomaterials for healing wounds in an efficient manner.
The synergistic effect of non-thermal techniques and modified atmosphere packaging in food preservation
Authors: Hassan Farazia , Anwar Sehar , Mukesh Mukesh , Munam Hafiz Abdul , Asjad Muhammad Arslan , Hussain Mudassar , batool Zahra , Khan Nauman , Khalid Muhammad Umair
Published: December 2023

Consumer’s demand for food products that retain the natural properties and microbiologically safer food has promoted the use of non-thermal techniques for the reduction of microbial load and inactivation of enzymatic activity. However, the bacterial spores and some enzymes show high resistance against non-thermal techniques. Therefore, the application of non-thermal techniques with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) represents an emerging method to increase the shelf life of food products. These combined preservation techniques reduced the microbial load, increase the shelf life without effecting the sensory attributes of food products. The surface of food products would benefit from the preservative effect of both non-thermal techniques and MAP. These integrated techniques are more energy efficient and better preservative effect than the single preservation technique. The use of MAP with non-thermal techniques reduces the intensity of nonthermal treatments required to achieve the desirable results. This review discusses the advantages that may be derived from the combined use of non-thermal techniques and MAP in the preservation of food.