bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUNTING FOR THE NEW SYMMETRIES IN CALABI–YAU JUNGLES
Authors: VOLKOV GUENNADI
Published: November 2004

It was proposed that the Calabi–Yau geometry can be intrinsically connected with some new symmetries, some new algebras. In order to do so the Berger graphs corresponding to K3-fibre CY d (d≥3) reflexive polyhedra have been studied in detail. These graphs can be naturally obtained in the framework of Universal Calabi–Yau algebra (UCYA) and decoded in an universal way by changing some restrictions on the generalized Cartan matrices associated with the Dynkin diagrams that characterize affine Kac–Moody algebras. We propose that these new Berger graphs can be directly connected with the generalizations of Lie and Kac–Moody algebras.
PION PHOTOPRODUCTION AT THRESHOLD AND LOW ENERGY THEOREMS REVISITED
Authors: KAMAL A.N.
Published: November 2004

This paper takes a second look at the methods used in deriving low energy theorems on pion photoproduction using the partially conserved axial vector current (PCAC) hypothesis. The discrepancy between a recent measurement of Eo+(γp→π0p) and theory is studied. Rescattering corrections to low energy theorems are made. A critique of some recent theory papers on this subject is presented.
COVARIANT QUANTIZATION AND ANOMALIES OF THE G-S HETEROTIC σ-MODEL
Authors: TONIN M.
Published: November 2004

In the framework of the Batalin-Vilkowiski approach we give the explicit solution of the master equation to all orders in the Siegel ghosts and ghosts of ghosts for the Green-Schwarz heterotic σ-model in ten dimensions. In this way we can perform a complete cohomological analysis of the anomalies of the model. We confirm that the κ-anomalies can be absorbed by quantum corrections of the target superfield constraints and the conformal anomalies are absent provided that the target superfields are on shell.
THE HIERARCHICAL SINE GORDON MODEL IN THE HIGH TEMPERATURE PHASE
Authors: PINN K. , WIECZERKOWSKI C.
Published: November 2004

The two-dimensional hierarchical Sine Gordon model in the high temperature phase is investigated both by analytical and numerical methods. We show that the “continuous hierarchical renormalization group” excludes double well fixed points in two dimensions. This might be interpreted as a hint that truncating continuous flow equations can lead to a qualitative change in the renormalization group flow.
SCATTERING, GREEN’S FUNCTIONS AND SYMMETRIES IN A TOTAL SPACE OF A DIRAC MONOPOLE FIBRE BUNDLE
Authors: SAVINKOV A.G. , RYZHOV A.B.
Published: November 2004

The scattering wave functions and Green’s functions were found in a total space of a Dirac monopole principal bundle. Also, hidden symmetries of a charge-Dirac monopole system and those joining the states relating to different topological charges n=2eg were found.
THE NAMBU-JONA-LASINIO MODEL AND GAUGE THEORIES IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS
Authors: COSTA K.M.
Published: November 2004

The weakly coupled globally invariant Nambu-Jona-Lasino (NJL) model in 2+1 dimensions is shown to be equivalent to a strongly coupled gauge theory. This equivalence is demonstrated for the renormalized theories in the 1/N expansion utilizing an unconventional, cutoff-dependent bare coupling constant to take the limit of weak or strong bare couplings. The weakly coupled Abelian NJL model is renormalized to order 1/N and compared to a renormalized strongly coupled QED3. Next, the U(2) globally invariant NJL model is studied in the broken phase and renormalized to leading order. The resulting U(1)×U(1) gauge-invariant theory is shown to be equivalent to a spontaneously broken U(2) gauge theory analyzed in the 1/N expansion.
NON-LINEAR GENERALIZATION OF THE GAUGE AMBIGUITIES OF THE LAGRANGIAN FORMALISM
Authors: CARIÑENA JOSÉ F. , RAÑADA MANUEL F.
Published: November 2004

A generalization of the gauge equivalence of Lagrangians is developed. In this approach the different Lagrangians determine not only the same set of solutions but also the same energies. Some general properties are studied and then the case of velocity-free forces is considered. In particular we show the non-existence for n=2 (two degrees of freedom) of such equivalent Lagrangians and that when n=3 the only forces admitting such equivalent Lagrangians correspond to those deriving from central potentials.
NEW MANIFESTLY COVARIANT MODELS FOR RELATIVISTIC PARTICLES OF ARBITRARY SPIN
Authors: MARNELIUS ROBERT , MÅRTENSSON ULF
Published: November 2004

By means of a previously developed procedure for the derivation of manifestly Lorentz covariant models of spinning particles, we derive new classes of models in which the internal variables transform as Lorentz spinors. Models for massless and massive particles of arbitrary spin are given in which the internal variables are fermionic or bosonic spinors. Lagrangians and their local invariances are explicitly written down for all models.
MULTIPLICATIVE RENORMALIZABILITY AND THE LAPLACE-BELTRAMI OPERATOR
Authors: OLIVIER D. , VALENT G.
Published: November 2004

For some rank 1 non-linear σ models we prove that a necessary and sufficient condition of multiplicative renormalizability for composite fields is that they should be eigenfunctions of the coset Laplace-Beltrami operator. These eigenfunctions span the irreducible representation space of the isometry group and may be finite- or infinite-dimensional. The zero mode of the Laplace-Beltrami operator plays a particular role since it is not renormalized at all.
LOOP COUNTERTERMS AND VERTICES IN CLOSED STRING FIELD THEORY
Authors: SAADI MAHA
Published: November 2004

Starting with the classical nonpolynomial closed string field theory, the quantum action is constructed by subtracting counterterms which cancel the overcounting of moduli space, and by adding loop vertices in such a way that no possible surfaces are missed. A counterterm that gives the correct one-string one-loop amplitude is constructed. The lowest order loop vertices are analyzed in the cases of genus one and two.
VORTICES ON THE STRING AND SUPERSTRING WORLD SHEETS
Authors: ABRIKOSOV A.A. , KOGAN YA. I.
Published: November 2004

The world-sheet dynamics of the first quantized string propagating in nonsimply connected space is considered. Presence of the vortices on the world sheet leads to Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition. Bosonic and superstring cases are discussed. It is shown that Hagedorn transition can be described as BKT transition both in bosonic and superstring cases.
SUPERSYMMETRY AND THE DIRAC OSCILLATOR
Authors: QUESNE C.
Published: November 2004

We demonstrate the realization of supersymmetric quantum mechanics in the first-order Dirac oscillator equation by associating with it another Dirac equation, which may be considered as its supersymmetric partner. We show that both the particle and the antiparticle spectra, resulting from these two equations after filling the negative-energy states and redefining the physical ground state, indeed present the degeneracy pattern characteristic of unbroken supersymmetry. In addition, we analyze in detail two algebraic structures, each partially explaining the degeneracies present in the Dirac oscillator supersymmetric spectrum in the non-relativistic limit. One of them is the spectrum-generating superalgebra osp(2/2, ℝ), first proposed by Balantekin. We prove that it is closely connected with the supersymmetric structure of the first-order Dirac oscillator equation as its odd generators are the two sets of supercharges respectively associated with the equation and its supersymmetric partner. The other algebraic structure is an so(4)⊕so(3, 1) algebra, which is an extension of a similar algebra first considered by Moshinsky and Quesne. We prove that it is the symmetry algebra of the Dirac oscillator supersymmetric Hamiltonian. Some possible relations between the spectrum-generating superalgebra, the symmetry algebra, and their respective subalgebras are also suggested.
MILLIMETER AND RADIOASTRONOMICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF STRINGS
Authors: SIGNORE M. , SÁNCHEZ N.
Published: November 2004

We study and place constraints on cosmic strings and on their cosmological evolution with emphasis on the results of five measurements: (i) millisecond pulsar timings, (ii) binary pulsar timings, (iii) spatial fluctuations in the intensity of the cosmic microwave background radiation (MBR). For superconducting strings (hereafter SCS), we add two other results: the spectrum of the MBR in (iv) the Rayleigh-Jean side and in (v) the Wien side. We find compatibility conditions between these five results which constrain the string evolution parameters independently of any numerical simulation result. We compare and comment about the gravitational decay rate of fundamental quantum strings in D=4, which appears closely related to that of classical cosmic strings.

The absence of distortion recently reported by COBE’s FIRAS experiment leads to the following upper limits on: (a) the comptonization parameter, y≤10−3; (b) the chemical potential due to SCS, μoscs≤0.5 10−3; (c) the electromagnetic radiation to gravitational radiation ratio, f≤2.3 10−2; (d) the string parameter: Gμ<10−6 for generic values of string evolution parameters, Gμ<10−7 for values derived from numerical simulations. The small value of f shows that the decay of SCS must be governed by gravitation. The latest PSR 1937+21 timing measurements and the preliminary COBE data converge to the same upper limits on Gμ. These limits continue to descend but the breaking point is not yet reached.
UNITARY IRRATIONAL CENTRAL CHARGE ON COMPACT g I: $({\rm simply\mbox{-}laced~} g_x)_{\# \,}^{q \ge 2}$
Authors: HALPERN M.B. , OBERS N.A.
Published: November 2004

Following the recent construction of unitary irrational central charge on compact affine g, we begin a series of papers to report further solutions of the Virasoro master equation and related topics in irrational conformal field theory. This paper completes the maximal-symmetric subansatz by obtaining the three-parameter unitary irrational construction [Formula: see text], which contains the known solution [Formula: see text] and involves a root of a root generically.
ANALYTIC MULTI-REGGE THEORY AND THE POMERON IN QCD I: THE SUPER-CRITICAL POMERON
Authors: WHITE ALAN R.
Published: November 2004

The formalism of analytic multi-Regge theory is developed as a basis for the study of abstract critical and super-critical pomeron high-energy behavior and for related studies of the Regge behavior of spontaneously broken gauge theories and the pomeron in QCD.

Asymptotic domains of analyticity for multiparticle amplitudes are shown to follow from properties of field theory and S-matrix theory. General asymptotic dispersion relations are then derived for such amplitudes in which the spectral components are described by the graphical formalism of hexagraphs. Further consequences are distinct Sommerfeld-Watson representations for each hexagraph spectral component, together with a complete set of angular momentum plane unitarity equations which control the form of all multi-Regge amplitudes. Because of this constraint of “reggeon unitarity” the critical pomeron solution of the reggeon field theory gives the only known “non-trivial” unitary high-energy S-matrix.

By exploiting the full structure of multi-Regge amplitudes as the pomeron becomes super-critical, one can study the simultaneous modification of hadrons and the pomeron. The result is a completely consistent description of the super-critical pomeron appearing in hadron scattering. Reggeon unitarity is satisfied in the super-critical phase by the appearance of a massive “gluon” (Reggeized vector particle) coupling pair-wise to the pomeron.
OPERATOR ALGEBRA IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL FIELD THEORY CONTAINING SPIN 4/3 “PARAFERMIONIC” CONSERVED CURRENTS
Authors: POGHOSSIAN R.H.
Published: November 2004

Recently Zamolodchikov and Fateev have constructed a series of models of the two-dimensional conformal field theory containing spin 4/3 nonlocal (parafermion) currents. From degenerated fields one can construct a closed operator algebra with respect to the operator product expansions. All the structure constants of this algebra are computed in this paper.
BARYONIC SUM RULES IN THE NEXT-TO-LEADING ORDER IN αs
Authors: OVCHINNIKOV A.A. , PIVOVAROV A.A. , SURGULADZE L.R.
Published: November 2004

The perturbative corrections of order αs to the coefficient functions of the operator product expansion for the baryonic correlator are calculated. These corrections change considerably the numerical values of the mass and residue for the proton extracted from the sum rules and improve the agreement between the theoretical estimates and experimental data.
INTEGRABLE DEFORMATIONS IN ZN-SYMMETRICAL MODELS OF THE CONFORMAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
Authors: FATEEV V.A.
Published: November 2004

The factorized scattering theory, corresponding to integrable deformations of parafermionic ZN-symmetrical models of the conformal quantum field theory, is studied.
QUANTUM PHASE SPACE FORMULATION OF SCHRÖDINGER MECHANICS
Authors: CIRELLI RENZO , MANIÀ ALESSANDRO , PIZZOCCHERO LIVIO
Published: November 2004

We develop a geometrical approach to Schrödinger quantum mechanics, alternative to the usual one, which is based on linear and algebraic structures such as Hilbert spaces, operator algebras, etc. The starting point of this approach is the Kähler structure possessed by the set of the pure states of a quantum system. The Kähler manifold of the pure states is regarded as a “quantum phase space”, conceptually analogous to the phase space of a classical hamiltonian system, and all the constituents of the conventional formulation, in particular the algebraic structure of the observables, are reproduced using a suitable “Kähler formalism”. We also show that the probabilistic character of the measurement process in quantum mechanics and the uncertainty principle are contained in the geometrical structure of the quantum phase space. Finally, we obtain a characterization for quantum phase spaces which can be interpreted as a statement of uniqueness for Schrödinger quantum mechanics.
MATRIX MODELS WITH NONEVEN POTENTIALS
Authors: MARZBAN CAREN , VISWANATHAN R. RAJU
Published: November 2004

We study examples of Hermitian one-matrix models with even and odd terms present in the potential. A definition of criticality is presented which in these cases leads to multicritical models falling into the same universality classes as those of the purely even potentials. We also show that (in our examples) for polynomial potentials ending in odd powers (unbounded), the coupling constants, in addition to their expected real critical values, also admit critical values which alternate between imaginary/real values in the odd/even terms. We find that, remarkably, the ensuing statistical models are insensitive to the real/imaginary nature of these critical values. This feature may be of relevance in the recently studied connection between matrix models and the moduli space of Riemann surfaces.
ON THE PARAFERMIONIC WN ALGEBRA
Authors: NARGANES-QUIJANO FRANCISCO J.
Published: November 2004

By making use of the hidden connection between the [ℤN] parafermionic models and the [WN]p=N+1 nonlinearly extended conformal models, we show that the parafermionic descendants of the identity define, up to null currents, a WN algebra. We discuss the essential features of this “parafermionic” WN algebra, as well as the characterization of the parafermionic primary fields as WN-invariant fields. Furthermore, we show that this WN algebra can be represented, for generic values of N, in terms of only two free bosonic fields. Such a representation turns out to interpolate between two-boson representations of the W3 and the W∞ algebra known in the literature.
Strings in Critical Dimensions
Authors: Vafa Cumrun
Published: November 2004

Some aspects of strings in critical dimensions are noted. In particular aspects of strings in d=1 are discussed for bosonic and superstrings.
INTUITIVE UNDERSTANDING OF ANOMALIES A PARADOX WITH REGULARIZATION
Authors: Nielsen Holger Bech , Ninomiya Masao
Published: November 2004

An intuitive way of looking at the Adler Bell Jackiw anomaly is reviewed and elaborated. The main point is that the created particles are “in reality” being pumped up from the Dirac sea. This point of view is related to the troubles with regularizing in a chirally invariant way. This problem is stressed as a major paradox on a somewhat analogous footing with the paradox of having simultaneity to the understanding of special relativity. A way out proposed by Eichten and Preskill is discussed, but its ability to really solve the problem remains unclear.
SEPARATING COORDINATE SYSTEMS IN THE MINKOWSKIAN SPACE-TIME
Authors: TURAKULOV Z.Y.
Published: November 2004

A class of metrics providing the complete separation of variables in the Klein-Gordon equation is considered. The general exact solution to the vacuum Einstein equation for such metrics is obtained by the variable separation method. It is shown that all these solutions correspond to curvilinear coordinate systems in the Minkowskian space-time. Several limit cases of such systems are investigated. Moreover, some other separating systems are constructed and it is shown that they make it possible to obtain partial exact solutions to nonlinear scalar field equations.
SPIN DEPENDENCE OF THE AHARONOV—BOHM EFFECT
Authors: HAGEN C.R.
Published: November 2004

The problem of the proper inclusion of spin in Aharonov—Bohm scattering is considered. It is proposed that this should be accomplished by imposing the requirement that all singularities arising from the presence of spin in the associated wave equations be interpreted as limits of physically realizable flux distributions. This leads to results which confirm the usual cross section in the spinless case but imply nontrivial modifications for the scattering of a polarized spin one-half beam. By applying the technique to a calculation of the virial coefficient for a collection of flux carrying spin one-half particles, some severe obstacles to conventional views of the flux as a parameter which interpolates between bosonic and fermionic statistics are shown to occur. Although similar results for the scattering of arbitrary spin particles obtain in the Galilean limit, it is found that when spin one is considered in the context of a relativistic wave equation the singularity structure is too pathological to yield a consistent interpretation. The exact equivalence of the spin one-half Aharonov-Bohm effect to the Aharonov-Casher effect is also demonstrated and corresponding results for polarized beams are presented. Finally, it is shown that the Aharonov-Bohm effect for arbitrary spin in the Galilean limit is the exact solution in the two-particle sector of a Galilean covariant field theory.
SUPERCONFORMAL GEOMETRY FROM THE GRASSMANN AND HARMONIC ANALYTICITIES I: THE N=2 SUPERCONFORMAL CASE
Authors: SAIDI E.H. , ZAKKARI M.
Published: November 2004

The geometry of the N=2 superconformal manifolds is studied. It is shown that the underlying intrinsic operators of these manifolds form an N=2ℤ2-graded algebra. We also show that the N=2 superconformal structure is equivalent to the Grassmann analyticity. Superconformal chiral tensors and integral measures are analyzed and the invariant superpotential, built of the primary chiral superfields, is given. A new realization of the N=2 supercurrent is obtained.
REMARKS ON THE CONFORMAL-FACTOR PROBLEM IN GRAVITY
Authors: NOVOZHILOV YURI V. , VASSILEVICH D.V.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the kinetic energy of the quantized conformal field is positive in the case of induced classical gravity as well as in that of quantum gravity.
NEW PERTURBATIVE APPROACH TO GENERAL RENORMALIZABLE QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES
Authors: GUPTA V. , SHIRKOV D.V. , TARASOV O.V.
Published: November 2004

We develop further the new approach to perturbation theory for renormalizable quantum field theories (proposed some years ago) which gives renormalization-scheme-independent predictions for observable quantities. We call the resulting REnormalization-Scheme-Independent PErturba-tion theory RESIPE, for short.

First, we formulate explicitly the relation of RESIPE to the renormalization group formalism for the massless one-coupling case. Then we extend this to the case where particle masses cannot be neglected. Further, we generalize the RESIPE formalism for the theory with two coupling constants. A new scheme-invariant perturbation expansion, without reference to renormalization group techniques, is given which is valid for the general case with masses, several kinematic variables and more than one coupling constant. In conclusion, we argue that the appropriately generalized RESIPE provides us with a picture of perturbative predictions, for renormalizable quantum field theories, that is free from regularization and renormalization scheme ambiguities.
EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN THE WESS-ZUMINO-WITTEN MODEL AND TWO CHIRAL BOSONS
Authors: HARADA KOJI
Published: November 2004

We establish the formal equivalence of a bosonized Dirac fermion (the Wess-Zumino-Witten model) to two bosonized Weyl fermions (Sonnenschein’s chiral bosons) in the path integral framework. These two systems can be regarded as gauge-fixed systems of the same gauge-invariant theory. Factorization of the fermion determinant of QCD2 is naturally realized in terms of chiral bosonization, up to a contact term which is necessary for maintaining gauge invariance. Canonical quantization of the gauge-invariantly extended system is performed.
R2 GRAVITY AT SHORT DISTANCES FROM THE GRAVITATIONAL CENTER
Authors: EL-TAHIR ALI
Published: November 2004

A metric resulting from gravitational equations based on a Lagrangian purely quadratic in the scalar curvature R is considered at small radial distances from the gravitational center, in static isotropic coordinates. Within this short range a certain approximation is allowed, providing a qualitative description of gravity which is shown to be essentially nonsingular.
THE THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FIFTH FORCE
Authors: FUJII YASUNORI
Published: November 2004

Theoretical ideas of the fifth force(s) are reviewed, placing emphasis on the issue of how one can derive the two most important properties: the coupling strength roughly comparable with, or somewhat weaker than, gravity and the force-range of a macroscopic distance. Dilaton models, five-dimensional theory, and models of scalar fields induced from pseudoscalar fields as Nambu-Goldstone bosons of internal symmetries via CP violation are reanalyzed critically. All of these theories aim at predicting new types of phenomena to probe physics characterized by mass scales much higher than is accessible by other conventional means. Most of the theoretical predictions are shown to be consistent with effects expected to be discovered below the present experimental upper bounds. We are still waiting for more experiments with better sensitivity.
THE CLOSED STRING GERVAIS-NEVEU LIOUVILLE THEORY
Authors: LÜST DIETER , SCHNITTGER JENS
Published: November 2004

We extend the Gervais-Neveu quantization scheme of the Liouville theory to the closed string case, for both weak and strong coupling regions. The consequences of locality and modular invariance are analyzed, which lead to quantum modifications of the boundary conditions. The critical dimensions and spectra found by Gervais and Neveu for open strings are then seen to apply also in the closed string case.
TECHNIPION WAVE FUNCTION IN THE PRESENCE OF STRONG EXTENDED TECHNICOLOR
Authors: MAHANTA UMA
Published: November 2004

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the technipion wave function in technicolor scenarios where extended technicolor interactions play a significant role in the chiral symmetry breaking of technifermions. We show that under this condition technipions will behave as almost point-like structures up to the extended technicolor (ETC) scale. Experimental consequences of this feature of the technipion wave function are briefly discussed.
EXPLICIT TRIGONOMETRIC YANG-BAXTERIZATION
Authors: GE MO-LIN , WU YONG-SHI , XUE KANG
Published: November 2004

We present an explicit prescription for trigonometric Yang-Baxterization. Given a braid group representation (BGR) in appropriate form, our prescription generates explicit solutions to the quantum Yang-Baxter equations (QYBE). We have proved the correctness of this prescription, together with a variation of it, for BGR’s having two or three unequal eigenvalues. All the known explicit results obtained by Jimbo and Bazhanov are reproduced. More YB solutions are obtained from “standard” BGR’s associated with fundamental and higher dimensional representations of simple Lie algebras. Our prescription also applies to the new “nonstandard” BGR’s, which are beyond the reach of present quantum group techniques but obtainable by our previous direct method. New explicit examples include the standard ones with 6 of SU(3), 10 of SU(5) and exotic ones with C2 and D2, etc. The classical limit of our YB solutions is also studied. It turns out that some of our exotic QYB solutions have an unusual classical limit. Our results suggest that the QYBE embodies a much richer structure than we thought.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE FIELD THEORY OF (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL UNIVERSES FILLED BY TOPOLOGICAL YANG-MILLS FIELDS
Authors: KAVALOV AL. R. , KAVALOV AN. R. , MKRTCHYAN R.L.
Published: November 2004

The action for the field theory of (2+1)-dimensional universes filled by topological Yang-Mills fields is constructed.
W, Z PLUS JET PRODUCTION AT $p\bar p$ COLLIDERS
Authors: BRANDT F.T. , KRAMER G. , NYEO SU-LONG
Published: November 2004

We have calculated cross sections for the production of W± and Z bosons in association with one and two jets at [Formula: see text] collider energies. The rates for these processes in second-order QCD are compared with jet rates measured by UA1 and CDF.
RELATIVISTIC PARTICLE WITH CURVATURE IN AN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: NESTERENKO V.V.
Published: November 2004

A model of a relativistic particle with curvature interacting with an external electromagnetic field in a “minimal way” is investigated. The generalized Hamiltonian formalism for this model is constructed. A complete set of the constraints in the phase space is obtained and then divided into first- and second-class constraints. On this basis the canonical quantization of the model is considered. A wave equation in the operator form, resembling the Dirac equation in an external electromagnetic field, is obtained. The massless version of this model is briefly discussed.
THE VPP-INTERACTION FORM FACTOR AND THE LOW-ENERGY THEOREMS IN THE EFFECTIVE CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS BASED ON THE EXTENDED NAMBU-JONA-LASINIO MODEL
Authors: IVANOV A.N.
Published: November 2004

The problem of simultaneous description of the low-energy theorems for the ππ-scattering amplitude and that which connects the γ→3π and π0→γγ decay amplitudes is discussed in the framework of the effective chiral Lagrangians. It is shown that to satisfy these low-energy theorems it is necessary to shift the vector-meson fields. This shift leads to the nontrivial form factor of the VPP interaction, which vanishes at the low-energy limit. An additional result of this shift is the appearance of unphysical interactions from the effective Wess-Zumino Lagrangian, which slightly violate low-energy theorems. It is shown that these interactions can be removed by the regularization procedure in the framework of the extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, which reproduces completely all low-energy phenomenological vertices of meson interactions in the effective chiral Lagrangians in terms of one-loop diagrams with virtual constituent quarks.
UNIQUENESS OF THE GAUGE-INVARIANT FUJIKAWA MEASURE FOR THE BOSONIC STRING
Authors: KOWALSKI-GLIKMAN J. , VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN P.
Published: November 2004

We fix the gauges of the bosonic string by eμa−hμa=0 with hμa a general background vielbein, choose [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as independent path-integral variables where (C*)C are the propagating parts of the coordinate (anti)ghosts and h=det hμa, and regulate the measure by general (k, m, n-dependent) consistent regulators. Background gauge independence of the measure then uniquely fixes k, m, n to the values proposed by Fujikawa. Ambiguities in the measure reported in the literature are due to using the conformal gauge and are fixed in a general background gauge.
CORRELATION BETWEEN 1++ AND 1+−$q\bar q$ MESONS
Authors: ONEDA S. , SLAUGHTER MILTON D. , TESHIMA T.
Published: November 2004

By using asymptotic flavor SUf(3) symmetry and the hadron-constraining equal-time commutators involving the electromagnetic current and the generators of underlying symmetry groups of QCD, we demonstrate approximate degeneracy of the masses of a1(1260) and b1(1235), without making any assumption about the structures of the 1+− nonets. The presence of large mixing between the strange members of the 1++ and 1+− nonets is instrumental in deriving the close correlation between the two nonets. Comments are made on the identification of the I=0 ninth members of the nonets.
SOME POSSIBLE GRAND UNIFIED PREON MODELS WITH LIGHT QUARKS AND LEPTONS
Authors: DU DONGSHENG , LU GONGRU
Published: November 2004

Three grand unified preon models with light quarks and leptons are presented. All these models have natural family structure at the composite level. One of them can give a very low metacolor scale, ΛMC~3×104 GeV. It is argued that the best choice for a metacolor group is SU(4) and that for a unification group it is SU(9).
TRUNCATED-FERMIONIC-SPACE APPROACH TO THE CRITICAL 2D ISING MODEL WITH MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: YUROV V.P. , ZAMOLODCHIKOV AL.B.
Published: November 2004

The critical Ising model perturbed by the spin field (conjugated to the magnetic field) is studied numerically by the method of truncated fermionic space of states. The matrix elements of the perturbed Hamiltonian are found between the states of free Majorana fermions living on a finite-length circle. The Hamiltonian spectrum is studied numerically in the level-5 truncated space. Reasonable estimations are obtained for the vacuum energy, a part of the mass spectrum and the simplest scattering amplitude of the perturbed system.
GAUGE FIELD TOPOLOGY IN TWO DIMENSIONS: θ VACUUM, TOPOLOGICAL PHASES AND COMPOSITE FIELDS
Authors: ILIEVA N. , PERVUSHIN V.N.
Published: November 2004

In the framework of the minimal quantization method, the residual “longitudinal” vacuum dynamics of the Abelian gauge field, which is described by a new pair of canonical variables, is revealed. This dynamics is shown to give origin to the θ vacuum, thus providing a field analogy of the Josephson effect. The destructive interference of the topological phases — that the fermion fields are shown to acquire — is considered as a reason for the charge screening in the two-dimensional massless QED.
W SYMMETRIES: GAUGING AND GEOMETRY
Authors: BERGSHOEFF E. , BILAL A. , STELLE K.S.
Published: November 2004

We review some aspects of the gauging and the underlying geometry of W algebras (with finite as well as with infinite numbers of higher-spin generators).
FLUX-BREAKING, CORRELATION FUNCTIONS, MODULI AND SELECTION RULES IN THE THREE-GENERATION N=2 MINIMAL HETEROTIC STRING COMPACTIFICATION
Authors: CORDES STEFAN F. , KIKUCHI Y.
Published: November 2004

We study the orbifolding of Gepner’s [Formula: see text] model. We characterize the massless spectrum, including the moduli, and compute Yukawa couplings among these states. We determine possible nonvanishing, nonrenormalizable terms via selection rules.
FACTORIZED CHARACTERS AND FORM FACTORS OF DESCENDANT OPERATORS IN PERTURBED CONFORMAL SYSTEMS
Authors: CHRISTE PHILIPPE
Published: November 2004

We determine which characters of minimal models factorize into an infinite product like the one of the spin operator in the Ising model. In particular, all characters in the Ising model and in the nonunitary minimal Lee-Yang model factorize. This information is used to determine form factors of descendant operators, especially in the scaling Lee-Yang model.
VACUUM CURRENTS AROUND A MAGNETIC FLUX STRING
Authors: FLEKKØY E.G. , LEINAAS J.M.
Published: November 2004

We examine vacuum polarization effects around a singular magnetic flux string in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. In particular we determine the local effects: charge and current densities and the flux induced by the vacuum current. The analysis is performed entirely on the basis of exact solutions to the pertinent Dirac equations, and we find that the (3+1)-dimensional effects can be described in a simple way as a superposition of the (2+1)-dimensional effects.
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS IN THE POINCARÉ GAUGE
Authors: GALVÃO CARLOS A.P. , GAETE PATRICIO , PIMENTEL B.M.
Published: November 2004

We consider the description of quantum electrodynamics in the Poincaré gauge. Dirac brackets and the U matrix are constructed. The U matrix has the same formal structure as that found in the Coulomb gauge. We consider a modified version of the Poincaré gauge conditions which restrict only the nonphysical components of the gauge potential. We show that the resulting description of QED turns out to be analogous to the Coulomb gauge.
GLUING THEOREM, STAR PRODUCT AND INTEGRATION IN OPEN STRING FIELD THEORY IN ARBITRARY BACKGROUND FIELDS
Authors: SCHWARZ A.S. , SEN ASHOKE
Published: November 2004

We discuss how to define star product and integration in a string field theory formulated in a background provided by an arbitrary conformal field theory on the upper half-plane with central charge 26.
CRITICAL EXPONENTS, SCALING LAW, UNIVERSALITY AND RENORMALIZATION GROUP FLOW IN STRONG COUPLING QED
Authors: KONDO KEI-ICHI
Published: November 2004

The critical behavior of strongly coupled QED with a chiral-invariant four-fermion interaction (gauged Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model) is investigated through the unquenched Schwinger-Dyson equation including the fermion loop effect at the one-loop level. It is shown that the critical exponents satisfy the (hyper)scaling relations as in the quenched case. However, the respective critical exponent takes the classical mean-field value, and consequently unquenched QED belongs to the same universality class as the zero-charge model. On the other hand, it is pointed out that quenched QED violates not only universality but also weak universality, due to continuously varying critical exponents. Furthermore, the renormalization group flow of constant renormalized charge is given. All the results are consistent with triviality of QED and the gauged Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in the unquenched case.
SO(4) Symmetry of the Hubbard Model and its Experimental Consequences
Authors: Zhang Shoucheng
Published: November 2004

The one band Hubbard model on a bi-partite lattice possess a global SO(4) symmetry group which is a direct product of the spin SU(2) and the pseudospin SU(2) symmetry group. Recently, the group theorectical consequence of this symmetry property has been investigated systematically. It is shown that this symmetry property can be used to reduce the complexity of diagonalizing the Hubbard Hamiltonian, and classify all the eigenstates according to the representation of the SO(4) group. It also leads to an exact one-to-one corespondence of the eigenstates at half-filling to that away from half-filling. Most importantly however, it is shown that this symmetry property leads to a direct experimental prediction for the high Tc superconductivity. If the high Tc superconductivity is correctly described by the Hubbard model, then the SO(4) symmetry dictates the existence of a collective mode that only appears below the superconducting transition temperature. Such a mode can be detected in an electron energy loss experiment as a sharp resonance feature. The location of the peak measure the parameters in the Hubbard model, the intensity is proportional to the superconducting order parameter and the width measures the departure of the Hubbard model from reality.
VARIATIONAL THEORY OF CORRELATED FERMI-LIQUID STATE IN THE KONDO LATTICE MODEL
Authors: FAZEKAS Patrik , SHIBA Hiroyuki
Published: November 2004

A variational wave function is constructed and studied for the spin-compensated Fermi-liquid-type ground state in the Kondo lattice model. The spins of the localized f-electrons are compensated by overlapping conduction-electron clouds. In accordance with Luttinger’s theorem, the volume enclosed by the Fermi surface corresponds to the total number of electrons, i.e., it includes the f-electrons as well as the conduction electrons. An approximate analytic treatment of the correlated heavy Fermi liquid is given by using the Gutzwiller approximation.
VERTEX OPERATORS IN THE QUANTUM HALL EFFECT
Authors: STONE MICHAEL
Published: November 2004

The edge states of the quantum Hall effect carry representations of chiral current algebras and their associated groups. In the simplest case of a single filled Landau level, I demonstrate explicitly how the group action affects the many-body states, and why the Kac-Peterson cocycle appears in the group multiplication law. I show how these representations may be used to construct vertex operators which create localised edge excitations, and indicate how they are related to the bulk quasi-particles.
COEXISTENCE OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
Authors: IZYUMOV Y.A. , LAPTEV V.M.
Published: November 2004

An overview of the theoretical work on the problem of the influence of the antiferromagnetic ordering of localized spins on the superconducting state is provided. Effects of the exchange interaction of electrons with localized spins, are investigated. Separate treatment is given to the electron-magnon part of this interaction. The electron-magnon contribution is shown to affect both the singlet and triplet pairings. For different antiferromagnets — a collinear antiferromagnetic structure and a simple spiral structure — we investigate in detail the effect of the electron spectrum exchange readjustment due to the magnetic structure and analyse the relation of this effect to superconductivity. The influence of nonmagnetic impurities on the superconducting transition temperature in antiferromagnets is also noted. The entire treatment is carried out in terms of a unified approach of strong-coupling theory, by invoking the use of Eliashberg equations.
VORTICES IN THE LATTICE MODEL OF PLANAR NEMATIC
Authors: KHVESHCHENKO D.V. , KOGAN YA. I. , NECHAEV S.K.
Published: November 2004

The vortices in the planar nematic are investigated using a field-theoretical description in terms of RP2 σ-model. In the limit of strong-coupling expansion the vortices interaction considered in the framework of mean-field theory describes a new type of phase transition.
RENORMALIZATION GROUP APPROACH TO DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF HIERARCHICAL NETWORKS
Authors: GIACOMETTI A. , MARITAN A. , STELLA A.L.
Published: November 2004

Diffusion processes in the presence of hierarchical distributions of transition rates or waiting times are investigated by Renormalization Group (RG) techniques. Diffusion on one-dimensional chains, loop-less fractals and fully ultrametric spaces are considered. RG techniques are shown to be most natural and powerful to apply when infinitely many time scales are simultaneously involved in a problem. Generalizations and extensions of existing models and results are easily accomplished in the RG context. Wherever possible, heuristic scaling arguments are also presented in order to give an easier physical interpretation of the analytical results.

Two relevant applications of ultradiffusion models are reviewed in detail. One of them concerns breakdown of dynamic scaling in a one-dimensional hierarchical Glauber chain. The other one is in the context of tethered random surface models.
LATTICE VISCOSITY OF ANHARMONIC CRYSTALS WITH IMPURITIES
Authors: GAIROLA R.P.
Published: November 2004

The lattice viscosity of anharmonic crystals, containing randomly dstributed isotopic impurities, is investigated theoretically, using the correlation formula due to McLennan. The effect of mass and force constant changes, due to substitutional defects, along with the cubic- and quartic-anharmonic interactions in the phonon spectrum, has been taken into account, in analyzing the phonon viscous effects in such crystals. It has been shown that, even in the diagonal approximation for the momentum flux operator, the viscosity can be separated into diagonal and non-diagonal contributions. The former, giving major contribution to lattice viscosity, reduces to the form given by Rice, in case of small half-widths. The non-diagonal contribution, which is small but finite, depends on the mass change parameter and hence vanishes in the absence of isotopic impurities. The present results differ from those obtained by others, inasmuch as our expression for lattice viscosity include phonon-relaxation time, not assumed to obey the inverse summation rule which remains only approximately valid. In the present results for viscosity, it has been replaced by the inverse of actual phonon-width, involving the cross-terms of defect and anharmonic parameters, thus, giving an important contribution.
RENORMALIZATION GROUP APPROACH TO QUASI-ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONDUCTORS
Authors: BOURBONNAIS CLAUDE , CARON LAURENT G.
Published: November 2004

We review the recent progress made in the application of the renormalization group method to the interacting quasi-one-dimensional electron gas. From the functional integral formulation of the partition function as expressed in terms of anticommuting Grassmann variables, the effects of single-electron interchain hopping on the mechanisms of propagation of correlations leading to long range ordering is analyzed in full details for the non-half-filled band case. Within a unified formalism, the scaling features of the purely one-dimensional correlations, the dimensionality crossover of both single and composite particles, the critical temperatures, and the responses functions are described.
TURBULENT DIFFUSION OF TEST PARTICLES IN STRONGLY MAGNETIZED PLASMAS
Authors: OTTAVIANI MAURIZIO , PETTINI MARCO
Published: November 2004

The motion of charged particles is described in the presence of a strong magnetic field and of an electric field made of three spatial Fourier modes whose amplitudes vary in time. The dynamics of the wave amplitudes is governed by a model of three interacting drift waves. For suitable parameter values of the three-wave model, chaotic solutions are found so that the Eulerian electric field is made of three turbulent modes.

The E × B motion is described for charged particles in the guiding center approximation, which brings to nonlinear Hamiltonian equations of motion. The Hamiltonian (that coincides with the electric potential) is explicitly time-dependent through the temporal variation of the mode-amplitudes of the electric field, this fact is at the origin of the intrinsic chaoticity of particle dynamics (lagrangian chaos). Diffusive behaviour of particle trajectories is due to their intrinsic chaoticity and thus it is of non-collisional origin. Some results are reported concerning the particle dynamics when the Eulerian electric field is either quasi-periodically or chaotically varying in time. In particular, one finds different diffusion laws in the two cases (anomalous and classical respectively). The scaling behaviour of the diffusion coefficients (when the mean square displacement grows linearly in time) is reported. A simple stochastic model is also used to account for some of the observed features of particle diffusion.
STATES OF A FEW HOLES IN A t-J MODEL
Authors: MATTIS DANIEL C. , CHEN HUA
Published: November 2004

The interaction of a few holes with the magnons and with each other in the t-J model, is formulated in k-space. At small J/t, each hole is accompanied by a cloud of  ≈ 1.4(t/J)1/3 magnons (spin reversals), on average. We obtain, and in some cases, solve formal expressions for the ground state eigenfunctions, eigenvalues, and Green functions. The constant energy surfaces are quasi-one-dimensional.
CIRCULAR AND UNI-AXIAL DICHROISM AND BIREFRINGENCE: THE EMERGENCE OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL NMR AND ESR
Authors: EVANS M. W.
Published: November 2004

The last decade has seen the emergence of new circular and uni-axial, or forward backward, birefringence and dichroism due to magnetic, nonlinear electromagnetic, and under the correct conditions, alternating electric fields. In this review, we explain some of our contributions to this new area of chemical physics, with special reference to fundamental and applied phenomena such as parity violation and nonlinear optical resonance effects set up by various conjugate products of the Maxwellian electromagnetic field.
SOME REMARKS ON THE EQUATION OF MOTION METHOD FOR THE GREEN’S FUNCTION CALCULATIONS
Authors: TARANKO R.
Published: November 2004

The retarded, double-time Green’s Functions are studied using different modifications of the projection operator technique. It is shown that the results of all these approaches can be written in the form of the finite or infinite continued fractions. Moreover, they lead to the same expansions for the Green’s Functions when terminated at the same level.
EXACT SOLUTION OF THE ROW-CONVEX POLYGON GENERATING FUNCTION FOR THE CHECKERBOARD LATTICE
Authors: TZENG W.J. , LIN K.Y.
Published: November 2004

We have studied the row-convex polygons on a general checkerboard lattice and derived the recursion relations for the four-variable generating function. Exact solution of the row-convex polygon generating function is obtained for a special case of the checkerboard lattice. Our result includes the square lattice, rectangular lattice and isotropic honeycomb lattice as special cases.
CLASSICAL TOPOLOGY AND QUANTUM STATISTICS
Authors: BALACHANDRAN A.P.
Published: November 2004

We review the theory of statistics of identical systems in terms of the properties of the classical configuration space. Special emphasis is placed on the influence of the connectivity of this space on quantum statistics. The theory shows that exotic statistical systems, such as those obeying fractional statistics, can occur in all dimensions. Particle statistics in one dimension involves novel features particular to this dimension and these are briefly described. The proof of a topological spin-statistics theorem which avoids field theory or relativity is also outlined.
ANYONS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: RANDOM PHASE APPROXIMATION
Authors: FETTER A.L. , HANNA C.B. , LAUGHLIN R.B.
Published: November 2004

The two-dimensional ideal gas of particles obeying ν fractional statistics is recast as an interacting Fermi gas with long-range gauge potentials. A self-consistent dielectric description of the random phase approximation (RPA) provides a concise expression for the linear response of the fractional statistics gas to an external electromagnetic field. The RPA, believed to be correct for the present case of long-range interactions, yields two central results that are classic features of superconductivity: (1) a sharp undamped collective mode with a linear dispersion relation at long wavelengths: (2) a gauge-invariant Meissner effect in the transverse response to an external magnetic field.
NUMERICAL STUDIES OF FRACTIONAL STATISTICS
Authors: CANRIGHT G.S.
Published: November 2004

Recent years have shown an upsurge of interest in the physics of fractional statistics. In this same period, a number of authors have chosen to approach the rather knotty problem of many anyons using exact numerical calculations for small systems. In the following, I will attempt to review and summarize the works known to me which fall under this category. I will discuss both the methods used (including a detailed discussion of the problem of boundary conditions for anyons on multiply-connected spaces), and the results obtained. Finite-size studies have provided interesting and useful results in a number of areas, each of which is addressed below: tests of the mean-field theory of statistics; investigation of possible superfluid or superconducting properties in the ground state; and elucidation of possible macroscopic signatures of broken time-reversal [Formula: see text] symmetry for both one and many planes of anyons.