bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can the Cognitive Dissonance (CD) concept help to mitigate phishing susceptibility in healthcare? (Preprint)
Authors: Yeng Prosper Kandabongee Yeng , Fauzi Muhammad Ali , Vestad Arnstein , Yang Bian , De Moor Katrien , Jacobsen Christian
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Phishing attacks are a pervasive global threat across multiple sectors, especially healthcare, where attackers exploit psychological factors to increase susceptibility among healthcare staff. Cognitive dissonance, a psychological concept describing the discomfort experienced when an individual holds conflicting beliefs or attitudes, may serve as a critical factor influencing the adherence to cybersecurity practices. Similar to how hunger motivates actions to alleviate discomfort, cognitive dissonance prompts individuals to seek internal consistency, potentially influencing their response to phishing attempts.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the role of cognitive dissonance in reducing phishing susceptibility among healthcare staff. Through a controlled, in-the-wild phishing simulation, cognitive dissonance was assessed as an independent variable to understand its impact on staff compliance with security practices.

METHODS

A two-stage controlled experiment design was used, including self-reported assessments and real-world security practice observations. A total of 830 participants, comprising doctors and nurses from a major hospital in Norway, participated in the experiment. Participants were divided into control, experimental, and neutral groups, with susceptibility rates recorded at 65% in the control group, 44% in the experimental group, and 53% in the neutral group. Statistical analysis, specifically Pillai’s Trace assessment, was used to evaluate differences in actual behavior, perceived severity, and cues to action.

RESULTS

Significant differences were observed in participants' responses, suggesting that cognitive dissonance may influence susceptibility to phishing attacks by affecting their perception of risk and cues to action.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the potential of leveraging cognitive dissonance as a psychological tool to reduce phishing susceptibility in healthcare. Practical recommendations are provided to help healthcare institutions apply cognitive dissonance strategies in cybersecurity training to foster more resilient security practices among staff.
Appeal of editor-in-chief
Authors: Authors No
Published: October 2024

No abstract
Inguinal hernia: a view from the 21st century (a review)
Authors: Makarov V.V. , Nehoduiko V.V. , Feskov V.M. , Petiunin O.H. , Syzyi M.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The proposed review is a look at the pathogenesis of inguinal hernia from the standpoint of molecular biology, as well as an attempt to understand the problems that are a consequence of explantation: issues of male fertility, chronic inflammation, carcinogenesis. It is proven that the pathogenesis of inguinal hernia is not reduced to a defect of the anterior abdominal wall. Moreover, the formation of this defect is preceded by a complex of modification of connective tissue components, which is based on the separation of the processes of extracellular matrix synthesis and matrix degradation with the predominance of the latter that disrupts the rotation of structures responsible for mechanical strength and elasticity. From this point of view, inguinal hernia is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease.
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with infective endocarditis
Authors: Koltunova H.B.
Published: October 2024

The assessment of risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with infective endocarditis is important for identifying variables associated with treatment regimens, aiming to improve outcomes. Early identification of high-risk patients may contribute to better outcomes through timely medical and surgical interventions. Objective: to study the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality among patients with infective endocarditis. Materials and methods. A retrospective single-center study was conducted, which included clinical data of 311 consecutive patients from January 1, 2019, to October 22, 2021, at the Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. The primary outcome of the study was in-hospital mortality among patients with infective endocarditis. Clinical and laboratory data, as well as the results of echocardiographic examinations and postoperative complications were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 13 cases (4.2 %), including 6 (1.9 %) patients with infective endocarditis who died at the preoperative stage despite medical treatment. Postoperative in-hospital mortality accounted for 7 cases (2.3 %), 298 patients (95.8 %) underwent successful surgery and were discharged under the supervision of a cardiologist in their locality. A univariate analysis of preoperative clinical and laboratory characteristics revealed the following risk factors for in-hospital mortality among patients with infective endocarditis at the preoperative stage: fever (p = 0.021), mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), acute kidney injury (р < 0.001), heart failure (р < 0.001). Similarly, a univariate analysis of intraoperative and postoperative clinical and laboratory characteristics revealed risk factors for in-hospital mortality among patients with infective endocarditis at the postoperative stage to be aortic cross-clamping time (p = 0.010), duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (p = 0.006), ultrafiltration volume (p < 0.001) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level (p = 0.017). Conclusions. Our study demonstrated that risk factors for in-hospital mortality among patients with infective endocarditis included fever, heart failure, respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, and duration of cardiac surgery. These findings underscore the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of infective endocarditis.
Healing of chronic wounds at the remodeling stage: the ratio of hormonal and immune parameters
Authors: Pavlov S.B. , Babenko N.M. , Kumetchko M.V. , Litvinova O.B. , Komarchuk I.V. , Kudrevych I.O.
Published: October 2024

Background. Both patients and healthcare systems around the world experience the negative consequences of chronic wounds. Chronic wounds often precede serious events such as amputation and premature death. Objective: to study the relationship between endocrine factors (insulin and cortisol) and bioactive molecules (interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)), influencing the development of reparative processes of chronic wounds at the remodeling stage in an experiment, and to analyze the features of the histostructure of rat skin in the area of chronic wound healing. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 12 white rats. Animals were randomized into intact and experimental groups, with 6 participants in each group. Chronic wounds were induced in the experimental group. Rats were euthanized on the 28th day of the experiment. In the blood serum, the insulin, cortisol, IFN-γ, and TGF-β1 levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Histological examination was carried out using generally accepted methods. Results. It was shown that the concentrations of insulin, cortisol, and TGF-β1 in animals of the experimental group were almost doubled compared to intact rats. The level of IFN-γ in animals with wounds was 1.2 times lower than in intact rats. Microscopic examination showed that the wounds were at the stage of remodeling. At the same time, signs of inflammation are partially preserved, which may indicate chronicity of the reparative process. Conclusions. Understanding the mechanisms of reparative processes during wound healing will allow for the development of clinical protocols to improve care for patients with injuries.
Current application of artificial intelligence in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Chooklin S.M. , Chuklin S.S.
Published: October 2024

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked a surge in the application of computer vision (CV) in surgical video analysis. Surgical complications often occur due to lapses in judgment and decision-making. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy, achievement of the critical view of safety is commonly advocated to prevent bile duct injuries. However, bile duct injuries rates remain stable, probably due to inconsistent application or a poor understanding of critical view of safety. Advances in AI have made it possible to train algorithms that identify anatomy and interpret the surgical field. AI-based CV techniques may leverage surgical video data to develop real-time automated decision support tools and surgeon training systems. The effectiveness of CV application in surgical procedures is still under early evaluation. The review considers the commonly used deep learning algorithms in CV and describes their usage in detail in four application scenes, including phase recognition, anatomy detection, instrument detection and action recognition in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The MedLine, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases were searched for publications up to 2024. The keywords used in the search were “laparoscopic cholecystectomy”, “artificial intelligence”. The currently described applications of CV in laparoscopic cholecystectomy are limited. Most current research focus on the identification of workflow and anatomical structure, while the identification of instruments and surgical actions is still awaiting further breakthroughs. Future research on the use of CV in laparoscopic cholecystectomy should focus on application in more scenarios, such as surgeon skill assessment and the development of more efficient models.
Atrioventricular block as a common problem in elderly patients with coronary artery disease: clinical observation
Authors: Zhurba O.O.
Published: October 2024

Complete atrioventricular block is a dangerous complication in elderly patients with coronary artery disease that requires surgical treatment. Treatment of elderly patients with coronary artery disease and atrioventricular block is a debatable problem, and at the moment, there are no clear recommendations regarding the sequence of surgical interventions in this age group. In our opinion, in some cases it is advisable to perform epicardial lead placement during revascularization, because the risk of complications during the implantation procedure increases on the background of dual antiplatelet therapy, which is required after coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, this approach provides a significant socio-economic effect, saving a patient from re-hospitalization and intervention for conduction disorders. This article presents a clinical observation with a step-by-step algorithm of actions in multivessel coronary artery disease with complete symptomatic atrioventricular block.
THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC REACTIONS ON CELEBRITY GROOMING RELATIONSHIPS: AN ANALYSIS OF BILLIE EILISH AND TAYLOR SWIFT
Authors: Tsara Elka , Susilastuti Dewi H.
Published: October 2024

The two well-known female musicians, Billie Eilish and Taylor Swift are examined in connection to their grooming relationships within different periods, specifically in the pre-and post-Me Too movement. The study uses comparative analysis, and feminist media theory was implied, it explores public perceptions, digital magazine portrayal, and cultural awareness of on grooming relationships depicted by celebrities. The pre-Me Too era, characterized by romanticized portrayals of celebrity romances and a shortage of investigation into power dynamics, gave rise to accusations concerning Swift’s grooming relationship. However, when the Me Too movement gained popularity, Eilish made her charge at a period when grooming techniques were more generally acknowledged and denounced. This article highlights how societal perceptions of consent, power dynamics, and ethical problems in relationships have evolved using news reporting, cultural discussions, and public responses. The findings demonstrate how public discourse, along with an understanding of celebrity grooming relationships, has been revolutionized by social movements such as Me Too. In the context of evolving societal norms and values, they also illuminated how the public’s views and media portrayals are shifting.
What Makes Rural Kindergarten Teachers Stick around—Narrative Study Based on Five Teachers with more than Ten Years of Teaching Experience
Authors: Li Fupeng
Published: October 2024

This study utilizes literature method, observation method, interview method, and narrative research method to conduct a narrative study of five ten-year old early childhood teachers in the countryside. There are teachers in the countryside of our country who quietly stick to their positions, who devote themselves to their profession, try to build our countryside education, and actively respond to the policy of rural revitalization. Most teachers stick to their positions because their workplace is close to their homes, A&Y two teachers, employment in the countryside, more because of the proximity to their homes, in the day and night work, love their profession, adhere to rural education, R teachers because of their love of education, close to the employment, and there are a few teachers because of the sense of responsibility for the mission of education to stick to the countryside education, M&V teachers give up the good opportunity to develop to the city, and resolutely to go to the countryside to teach,. They all have a strong sense of mission in education and attach great importance to rural education. They believe that through education, they can promote the development of the countryside and contribute to the revitalization of the countryside. They believe that through education, they can promote rural development and contribute to the revitalization of the countryside. These teachers will improve the level of education in the countryside and make great contributions to rural education in the country.
A MIXTURE INTEGER-VALUED AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL WITH A STRUCTURAL BREAK
Authors: Popović Predrag , Ristić Miroslav , Stojanović Milena
Published: October 2024

In this manuscript we introduce a mixture integer-valued autoregressive model with a structural break. The introduced model is a mixture of an INAR(1) model with the binomial thinning operator and an INAR(1) model with the negative binomial thinning operator. Some properties of the introduced model are derived. The unknown parameters of the model are estimated by some methods and the performances of the obtained estimators are checked by simulations. At the end of the paper, two possible applications of the model are provided and discussed.
CHEMICALLY REACTIVE MHD FLOW THROUGH A SLENDERING STRETCHING SHEET SUBJECTED TO NON-LINEAR RADIATION FLOW OVER A LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR STRETCHING SHEET
Authors: Sheikh Mariam , Hasnain Jafar , Abid Nomana , Abbas Zaheer
Published: October 2024

In this analysis, the MHD flow and nth-order dispersion of chemically reactive species over a slendering stretching sheet are studied numerically. The partial slip boundary condition and non-linear form of thermal radiation are also considered in this research. To get non-linear ordinary differential equations from the system of partial differential equations governing the flow, energy, and concentration, similarity transformations are applied. Using the shooting technique and the Runge-Kutta scheme, the resultant equations are integrated numerically. The numerical results in terms of temperature, velocity, and concentration are represented graphically. Results from this research indicate that an increase in the wall thickness parameter reduces momentum and heat transfer effects when a magnetic field is present.
El Banco de desarrollo KfW y el financiamiento de infraestructura hídrica en América Latina
Authors: Reis Nadine
Published: October 2024

Este artículo arroja luz sobre la cuestión de hasta qué punto los bancos públicos de desarrollo pueden, y de hecho lo hacen, contribuir a alcanzar el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 6 de las Naciones Unidas sobre agua y saneamiento en las actuales condiciones políticas y económicas, basándose en el caso del Banco de Desarrollo KfW alemán y sus actividades en América Latina. Se concluye que los grandes proyectos de infraestructura de servicios de abastecimiento de agua y saneamiento (WSS, por sus siglas en inglés) financiables basados en modelos de recuperación de costos difícilmente pueden proporcionar los sistemas de WSS que se necesitan en América Latina de manera sostenible. Para alcanzar el ODS 6 es necesario otorgar subsidios a largo plazo a los servicios públicos de agua y abordar las condiciones políticas de la gobernanza de los servicios públicos de agua y saneamiento sobre el terreno.
Asociaciones público-privadas multinivel para el acceso al agua en Buenos Aires
Authors: Tobías Melina , Case-Ruchala Devin
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se propone explorar el innovador modelo de financiamiento entre el banco regional de desarrollo público FONPLATA y la empresa argentina Agua y Saneamientos Argentinos S.A. (AySA), destinado a apoyar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. En 2019, FONPLATA aprobó un préstamo para financiar los programas Agua + Trabajo y Cloaca + Trabajo (A/C+T), destinados a mejorar los servicios de agua y saneamiento y generar empleo local a través de la contratación de cooperativas. Este préstamo basado en resultados vincula los desembolsos a objetivos específicos, como conexiones de agua y cloacas, creación de empleo y equidad de género. El trabajo busca resaltar los esfuerzos de colaboración entre FONPLATA y AySA, mostrando cómo las asociaciones público-público pueden abordar metas socioeconómicas de manera eficiente. El artículo también estudia los desafíos y éxitos que supone la implementación de este modelo de financiamiento, que ha sentado un precedente para préstamos similares y posteriores en este tipo de programas, históricamente financiados por el Tesoro Nacional. Al analizar el desarrollo y el impacto de la colaboración FONPLATA-AySA, el artículo aporta al debate sobre el financiamiento de los servicios públicos sostenibles y el papel de los bancos de desarrollo público en la búsqueda de alcanzar los ODS.
Talleres áulicos enriquecidos con realidad aumentada: una iniciativa para promover la alfabetización científica
Authors: Carrizo María Alejandra , Barutti Marta Estefanía , Soto Amado Sofía Belén , Montes Noelia de los Ángeles , Sosa Marisol Anahí
Published: October 2024

La tecnología de Realidad Aumentada llevada al aula favorece la alfabetización científica porque refuerza la motivación, despierta el interés por aprender, mejora la comprensión de fenómenos y conceptos complejos de Ciencias Naturales y, en particular, de la Química. A través del presente artículo se busca revelar las posibilidades educativas que ofrece esta tecnología inmersiva, tras su implementación en talleres que fueron seleccionados de acuerdo con determinados criterios. Fue significativo involucrar diversos contextos de aplicación en los niveles de Educación Primaria y Secundaria.
Fomentando el Análisis Químico in situ en un Centro de Cultura y Conservación
Authors: Meléndez López Adriana Leticia , Cruz Castañeda Jorge Armando , Negrón Mendoza Alicia , Ramos Bernal Sergio , Heredia Barbero Alejandro
Published: October 2024

La asignatura de química acuática (QA) impartida en la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias de la Tierra (ENCiT) de la UNAM tiene como objetivo explorar los aspectos fundamentales del agua, sus propiedades y métodos para estudiar diversos ecosistemas acuáticos. Este estudio presenta los resultados del análisis químico in situ realizado en el Parque Nacional Grutas de Cacahuamilpa, Taxco, Guerrero, considerado un centro de cultura y conservación. La experiencia de estudiantes de cuarto semestre de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Tierra del semestre 2023-2, subraya la importancia del análisis in situ para evaluar el impacto negativo de la falta de conciencia ambiental. Desde una perspectiva académica, se enfatiza la necesidad de que el estudiantado adquiera la habilidad en la medición precisa de especies químicas en sistemas acuáticos, con el objetivo de comprender su estado actual y proponer soluciones viables.
Performance evaluation of untreated sugarcane bagasse ash as partial replacement of cement on setting time and compressive strength of M15 concrete
Authors: Olopade S. , Ngene E.
Published: October 2024

Due to its escalating cost, cement, the primary component of concrete, has become a significant issue in Nigeria over time. The use of agricultural wastes such as cow bones, periwinkle shells, rice husks,and sugarcane bagasse as additives to partially replace cement has been made possible by scientific efforts to find alternative and effective materials from large deposits of agricultural wastes. This study    examines how adding sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) to concrete affects its strength properties. Sugarcane bagasse  ash was successfully included in various amounts (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10% by weight of cement). A mix design of 1:2:4 (M15) grade and a water-cement ratio of 0.5 was used to cast 60 concrete cubes measuring (150 x 150 x 150) mm. Concrete's workability and setting time were improved by adding sugarcane bagasse ash to the cement. The outcome revealed a reduction in concrete density with an increase in percentage replacement of sugarcane bagasse ash. Addition of sugarcane bagasse ash to cement increased the concrete's workability and speed of setting. The results showed that concrete density decreased as sugarcane bagasse ash replacement percentage increased. This is not unrelated to the fineness of sugarcane bagasse ash, which makes the cementitious matrix and aggregate interface more intense and lighter. Concrete's compressive strength was discovered to be decreased by the usage of sugarcane bagasse ash. Between 0, 2.5, 7.5, and 10% sugarcane bagasse ash, the average compressive strength measured at 28 days was found to be 25.93, 25.19, 23.70, 20.30, and 18.96 MPa, respectively. 10% sugarcane bagasse ash concentration was suggested as the optimal level to employ for improving concrete characteristics.
Extraction of nickel ions using nanoporous adsorbent material from waste glass
Authors: Karm Z. , Ajeel S. A. , Abdulhussein B. A.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to create a porous glass adsorbent from waste glass to extraction nickel ions from its aqueous solution. The process involves converting waste glass to porous glass using 1:1:1:1 lime, sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate, followed by reacting with waste glass at 800 ˚C. The porous glass surface morphology, elemental composition, and functional groups, were analyzed using SEM, EDS, and FT-IR techniques.The outcome parameters used in this study are adsorbent dosage (10 g), contact time (150 min), heavy metal ion concentration (100 mg/l), and pH of 6. The adsorption capacity resulting from these parameters is 9.28 mg/g using the porous extract adsorbent for the extraction of nickel ions from its solutions. According to the findings. The proportion of Ni (II) ions extracted increased, coupled with a rise in the adsorbent dosage, heavy metal ion concentration, contact time, and pH. In addition, the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.98,KL=0.072) has shown better performance than the Freundlich adsorption isotherm (R2 = 0.93,N=1.598) for the adsorption of the Ni(II) in this study.
Modelos de aprendizaje-enseñanza virtual en la República Dominicana. El caso de la asignatura “Redacción Castellana”
Authors: Pérez Rita María
Published: October 2024

La investigación se propone comprender el significado de utilizar los diferentes modelos de aprendizaje en la docencia virtual, a partir de la experiencia práctica en la asignatura “Redacción Castellana”. Expone algunas de las metodologías utilizadas en la docencia virtual de la República Dominicana y enfatiza sobre las condiciones que requiere el aprendizaje virtual para ser eficaz, así como en los estándares profesionales que se le exigen al gestor e-learning GP-eL para que pueda concebir un curso virtual de calidad. El estudio emplea la observación participante, la recopilación de información a través de diversas fuentes bibliográficas relacionadas con el objeto de la investigación, el diálogo con 160 estudiantes de la materia de Redacción Castellana (matriculados en diversas carreras tecnológicas matriculados en uno de los centros de educación superior de Santo Domingo), el análisis cualitativo y la comparación de los resultados alcanzados en sus evaluaciones, durante tres semestres de los cursos 2019-2020 y 2020-2021; todo lo cual ha permitido construir el corpus teórico y metodológico para articular, comprender e interpretar la información. El estudio concluye que la docencia virtual requiere del empleo de los distintos modelos de aprendizaje-enseñanza, los cuales contribuyen a que el educando se convierta en el centro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, desarrolle su pensamiento crítico y reflexivo, construya saberes e incremente el liderazgo, mediante el trabajo colaborativo, aspectos que dinamizan e incentivan el aprendizaje. A la vez, evidencia que ha crecido la demanda de la docencia virtual en República Dominicana, como resultado de las potencialidades que ofrece y la adaptación de las generaciones actuales al uso de las nuevas tecnologías.
Derecho a la salud y justicia social: convergencia entre la atención en enfermedades neurodegenerativas y el adulto mayor en México
Authors: Ovando Arias Mateo , Islas Colín Alfredo , Priego Álvarez Heberto Romeo
Published: October 2024

Las personas con una patología neurológica experimentan múltiples obstáculos para ejercer su derecho a la salud, tales como la carencia de información, de recursos, la discriminación, la estigmatización, la violación de su autonomía y dignidad. Es importante que el adulto mayor cuente con una calidad de vida para su bienestar física, mental y espiritual, resultando imperativo examinar la optimización de los servicios sanitarios, especialmente en el caso de pacientes con patologías neurodegenerativas. El derecho de la salud se materializa en la calidad de los servicios sanitarios como un inicio en el desenvolvimiento de la dignidad de la persona mayor en estado de vulnerabilidad neurológica. El objetivo es conocer la relación del derecho de la salud y la dignidad como principio de justicia social en México. Impulsando la creación de políticas públicas para la prevención, el acceso oportuno a tratamientos especializados, la formación de profesionales de la salud en este campo, así como en la promoción de estilos de vida saludables que contribuyan a la prevención de estas enfermedades. Mediante el estudio de corte cualitativo complementado por método hermenéutica jurídica y el método fenomenológico hermenéutico de Paul Ricoeur, es evidente que la dignidad en la vejez irá a la par con el ejercicio de los derechos a la salud, siempre que se asegure la equidad en los servicios sanitarios, le seguirá la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores en su última etapa del ciclo del desarrollo humano.
Valoración estudiantil de la filosofía en la educación media: un análisis en Barranquilla, Colombia
Authors: Martínez Herrera Jussep , Nieto Mendoza Isaac , Ribón Pérez Luis Eugenio , Morón Castro Camilo
Published: October 2024

La enseñanza de la filosofía en entornos educativos enfrenta desafíos desde la pedagogía hasta la integración curricular. Este estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo transversal analizó las percepciones de 110 estudiantes de 11° grado en dos instituciones públicas de Barranquilla. Mediante un cuestionario Likert de 15 preguntas y análisis con SPSS, se encontró una percepción positiva del impacto de la filosofía en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas y académicas. Con una media de 2.57 y mediana de 3.00, el 60% de los estudiantes valoró altamente cómo la filosofía contribuye al pensamiento crítico, la capacidad de análisis y la preparación para debates. Respecto a la relevancia y aplicación, con una media de 2.52 y mediana de 3.00, el 55.5% destacó su importancia para enfrentar problemas actuales. En cuanto a los efectos personales y sociales, la media de 2.52 y mediana de 3.00 reflejaron una apreciación positiva, con un 55.5% reconociendo su impacto en el desarrollo personal y en un entorno de respeto. Aunque se valora el papel de la filosofía, la variabilidad en las respuestas sugiere la necesidad de enfoques pedagógicos más personalizados e innovadores que promuevan el pensamiento crítico desde edades tempranas.
Improving Word Embedding on Malayalam Corpus
Authors: K Fathima Murshida , C Ruby Fathima A
Published: October 2024

Abstract: NLP is natural language processing or neuro linguis-tic programming.Natural languages like malayalam are highly inflectional and agglutinative in nature.This is problematic whendealing with nlp based malayalam applications.So that inorder toimprove performance of malayalam nlp based applications, wordembedding improvement on malayalam corpus is needed.The improvement is based on converting the words contained inthe malayalam corpus into a standardised means removingall inflectional parts in the words in the existing malayalamcorpus ie taking root words only.All that needed is a stemmer.Inthis project i have used a malayalam morphological analyserfor taking root words of all words in the existing malayalam corpus.The advanatge of removing inflectional parts from allwords is that we can reduce the sparsity in the existing malayalam corpus.Also there will be a high hike in frequency of wordsin the resulting corpus,then the space and time complexity of wordembedding representation of the existing corpus willdecreases.According to zipfs law by increasing frequency ofwords performance of neural word embedding will increases. Zipfs Law is a discrete probability distribution that tells you the probability of encountering a word in a given corpus.By applying zipfs law am proposing there will be improvement on malyalam wordembedding.Here using fasttext, word embeddingsare performed and capture dense word vector representation ofthe malayalam corpus with dimensionality reduction from thesparse word co-occurence matrix.The improvement is mainly used for wordnet,analogy,ontology based malayalam applications.Index Terms—Morphological Analyzer,Zipfs law, Preprocessing, Testing, Training
Exploring Word-Level Representations in Modern Natural Language Processing
Authors: Satwika Chamarthi G S , Pramod J. P.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a dynamic and rapidly advancing field at the intersection of artificial intelligence and linguistics, focused on enabling computers to understand, process, and generate human language. Recent advancements intransformer-based models have significantly improved NLP capabilities, enablingmachines to understand and generate human language more effectively. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of NLP, tracing its historical development and recent trends. The discussion includes the different phases of NLP, from text pre- processing and tokenization to syntactic and semantic analysis, along with pragmatic considerations. Text normalization techniques, such as stemming, lemmatization, and removing stopwords, are explored to emphasize their importance in preparing raw text for analysis. Additionally, this paper presents a comparative analysis of popular word-level representation techniques used in NLP, including One-Hot Encoding, Bag of Words (BoW), and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF).
Estrategias educativas de emergencia implementadas en colegios en el contexto de COVID- 19: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Quiroga-Acero Felipe Daniel
Published: October 2024

Esta revisión sistemática emplea la metodología PRISMA para abordar las estrategias educativas implementadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 desde 2020 hasta el primer semestre de 2023. El objetivo principal es analizar las estrategias educativas que surgen como respuesta a la pandemia, considerando aspectos como impactos, obstáculos y oportunidades. En total se analizaron 67 artículos científicos obtenidos de las bases de datos Scopus y ERIC. Los resultados de la revisión revelaron tres categorías principales de análisis. La primera gira en torno a las estrategias educativas de emergencia, la segunda aborda las barreras y brechas de aprendizaje, y la tercera desarrolla la pérdida de aprendizaje causada por el cierre de las escuelas. La revisión reconoce la labor docente y los logros obtenidos gracias a las adaptaciones realizadas durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, también se encontró una relación negativa en la salud mental de docentes, familias y estudiantes debido a los encierros, así como la profundización de desigualdades. Además, se evidenció la falta de preparación de la sociedad para afrontar crisis educativas. Se subraya la necesidad de investigaciones futuras enfocadas en comprender la relación entre las estrategias implementadas, la pérdida de aprendizaje y los resultados académicos.
Analisis Prediksi Jumlah Pengunjung Perpustakaan Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin di Kabupaten Malang dengan Menggunakan Metode Monte Carlo
Authors: Rifki Achmad , Muhammad Fikrul Azizi  , Soffiana Agustin
Published: October 2024

Perpustakaan merupakan salah satu institusi penting dalam mendukung perkembangan pendidikan dan pengetahuan masyarakat. Sebagai pusat informasi, perpustakaan tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan buku dan sumber daya informasi lainnya, tetapi juga sebagai tempat belajar dan berinteraksi bagi berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, mengetahui jumlah pengunjung perpustakaan dan memahami pola kunjungan mereka sangat penting bagi pengelola perpustakaan untuk melakukan perencanaan yang lebih baik serta mengoptimalkan layanan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil prediksi jumlah pengunjung perpustakaan di Kabupaten Malang dengan menggunakan metode monte carlo. Data yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data jumlah pengunjung berdasarkan jenis kelamin tahun 2018 – 2020 dari dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan di Kabupaten Malang. Data tersebut akan digunakan untuk memprediksi jumlah pengunjung pada tahun 2019 – 2021. Dan setelah dilakukan analisis pada hasil prediksi jumlah pengunjung didapat hasil akurasi terbaik terjadi pada hasil prediksi pada tahun 2019 yaitu 52%. Hasil akurasi tidak begitu tinggi dikarenakan pada tahun-tahun itu terjadi wabah COVID-19 yang melanda sehingga masyarakat tidak diperkenankan keluar rumah jika bukan hal yang penting.
PENGEMBANGAN GAME EDUKASI 2D MATA PELAJARAN IPA MENGGUNAKAN UNITY BERBASIS MOBILE
Authors: Prayudha Ilham Teguh , Chotijah Umi
Published: October 2024

Kemajuan teknologi telah memberikan dampak yang besar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk dalam industri hiburan digital seperti permainan video (game). Di masa lalu, game hanya dapat dimainkan melalui perangkat khusus, seperti Playstation. Namun, sekarang dapat dinikmati di mana dan kapan saja menggunakan smartphone. Game telah mengalami evolusi yang luar biasa, menjadi lebih canggih dan menarik, hingga banyak pengguna yang menjadi kecanduan. Banyak anak yang lebih menyukai bermain game daripada belajar, yang dapat berakibat penurunan minat belajar terhadap kegiatan akademis. Oleh sebab itu, sangat penting untuk mencari metode yang efektif dalam menyeimbangkan minat anak-anak pada game dengan kegiatan belajar. Salah satu solusinya adalah dengan menciptakan game edukasi yang memberikan pengalaman belajar yang menarik dan interaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan sebuah game edukasi yang memungkinkan anak-anak SD untuk belajar sambil bermain. Pengembangan game edukasi 2D mata pelajaran IPA menggunakan Unity Engine dengan metode pengembangan MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle). Dari hasil pembahasan, pembuatan Game edukasi 2D Mata Pelajaran IPA berhasil selesaikan. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan Game Unity Engine dan Bahasa pemrograman C#. Hasil pengujian aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa semua komponen game berfungsi dengan baik dan tidak mengalami kendala
Klasifikasi Penyakit dan Kelainan Bentuk Kuku Manusia Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Madani Rafika Aulia , Nunik Pratiwi
Published: October 2024

Nails are one of the body parts that have an important role, because nails can provide signals of a disease starting from the color, shape, and size of the nails. This study aims to identify diseases and abnormalities of human nail shape using digital images. This study uses seven classes of diseases, namely beausline, clubbing, koilonychia, yellow nail, white nail, onychomycosis, and normal nail. To identify diseases and abnormalities of human nail shape, the method used is Convolutional Neural Network with VGG-16 architecture. The results obtained from this study are an accuracy of 92.9% from a total dataset that has been augmented as much as 3900 data, for an average precision measurement result of 86.1%, an average recall result of 85.8%, an average f-1 score result of 85.8%.
REFLECTION IN THE BRITISH PRESS OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GREAT WAR MEMORIAL DAY
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia), Tsukanova V.O.
Published: October 2024

This article examines articles and publications by some of the most popular representatives of the British press dedicated to the celebration of Great War Remembrance Day in the anniversary year 2018. This year, Great Britain, like the whole world, celebrated the 100th anniversary of the holiday, which made this event even more significant and valuable from a historical point of view. The article examines the most prominent press publications related to the holiday, examines in detail the topics and content of published articles, all of them are divided into groups depending on the purpose of writing and content. The context in which the publications were written with the general social, civil and political situation in the country is analyzed. Support by the media of the idea of a national idea and the collective memory of residents, the importance of preserving this memory and passing it on to a new generation, for whom the published articles are mostly intended. It analyzes what events, carried out both by the state and various social movements influence the commemoration of the memory of British citizens. It was found out what influence newspaper articles have on the formation and consolidation of the memory of the Great War.
SIEGEHILLFORST OF THE PRUSSIANS
Authors:   Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia), Kulakov V. I.
Published: October 2024

The proposed article contains data on Prussian settlements, according to their characteristics, used by the Prussians during the sieges of order castles in the 13th century. These fortifications can be characterized as follows: During sieges, the Prussians used the settlements as strongholds for the deployment of their militia and, possibly, to block the communication of the besieged with the outside world. Both the settlements founded by the Prussians before the aggression of the Order as part of the development of territories to the east of their tribal area, and the settlements created during siege operations became siege settlements. In the latter case, hastily built fortifications, not properly processed, were not adapted to accommodate a significant number of soldiers. The above features of the Prussian siege settlements, as well as the lack of basic knowledge of the Western Balts regarding the principles of military art modern for that time (despite the praise of the Prussians from Peter von Dusburg, which was most likely a figure of speech for the text of the chronicle) did not lead to the success of siege activities Prussians. Not a single serious order castle was taken by them as a result of a correct siege. This aspect played a negative role in the struggle of the Prussians against crusader aggression and ultimately became the key to their defeat in the half-century struggle. It is indicative that the siege settlements presented in the article are located, as a rule, on the eastern outskirts of Sambia, the center of the Prussian tribal area, or to the east of it, but the lands mastered by the Prussians. True, subjugated to the horse. 13th century the inhabitants of Sambia were no longer capable of sieges of order castles and could not build siege settlements.
GERMAN PROPAGANDA IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORY OF BELARUS IN 1941-1944: A POLITICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Russian Customs Academy (Russia), Pushkarenko E.A.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the actual problem of modern Russian historiography – the phenomenon of ideological, political, moral and psychological impact on mass consciousness through propaganda in the occupied Soviet territory during the Great Patriotic War. The subject of the study was the thematic direction of anti-Sovietism/anti-communism. The author conclude that the Nazi principles of Slavophobia/Russophobia were disguised as anti-Soviet rhetoric. At the same time, propaganda was supposed to legitimize the arrival of the German authorities in the eyes of the population, justify the policy of genocide of Jews and methods of combating partisans. In propaganda materials, Nazi Germany's attack on the USSR was called a "preventive" step, and the goal of the war was declared to be "the fight against Bolshevism" and "the liberation of the enslaved peoples of the East." Ideological influence was built using various techniques: substitution of concepts, distortion of facts, creation of false representations. At the same time, the real shortcomings of the Soviet system, which acted as a kind of verification tool, were also criticized. However, the sharp contrast between the content of propaganda and the realities of the occupation regime devalued the effectiveness of the ideological and political influence of the German authorities on the Soviet population in the occupation zone.
F.-D. TRONCHET AND THE PROBLEM OF THE CORRELATION OF POWERS IN THE NATIONAL CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1789-1791)
Authors:   Polytechnic College of the Bryansk State Technical University, Salimon V.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the views of the leader of the “centre-left” François-Denis Tronchet on the interference of the legislative and executive branches of power in the political system of revolutionary France and the place of the king in it. One of the important problems facing the deputies of the National Constituent Assembly was to change the form of government that existed under the Old Regime, in which all power was in the same hands. The position of Tronchet, who thought in the spirit of the liberal majority for the abolition of absolutism and the subordination of the monarch to the law, at the same time, differed from the supporters of the influential royal power of Mirabeau, Lafayette, Le Chapelier, and from the adherents of the powerful parliament of Barnave, Duport, Alexander and Charles Lameth. Unlike the moderate deputies of the Assembly and the “left”, the representative of the “centre-left” expressed balanced judgments about the parity cooperation between the branches of power insisting on the significant role of the head of the executive branch. The Varennes crisis changed the views of many politicians. Tronchet was one of the main heralds of the liberal majority, who consolidated their intention to strengthen the executive branch of power in the person of the king and his agents, to complete the Constitution, to stabilize the situation in the country, to prevent the further radicalization of the revolution and the spread of republican mentality.
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL PRECONDITIONS FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE PRIDNESTROVIAN STATEHOOD
Authors:   Pridnestrovian State University named after. T.G. Shevchenko (Pridnestrovie), Voit I.A.
Published: October 2024

The formation of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, which has been proving its worth to the world community for more than 33 years, was facilitated by historical and political preconditions, which were especially clearly expressed in the situation that emerged by the end of the 1980s. throughout the territory of the Soviet state. The article deals with the consequences of the all-Union crisis, which resulted in the appearance of self-proclaimed state formations, including the PMR. Particular attention in the study is paid to the analysis of socio-political processes that took place in 1988-1991 in the MSSR and the newly formed Pridnestrovian Republic: the policies of the national-bureaucratic elites of the MSSR, who saw in perestroika the chances of quickly getting rich by robbing their own republic and people; the revival of Moldovan-Romanian national-radical circles, which propagated separatist anti-state sentiments and played the role of the main irritants of the socio-political situation in Soviet Moldavia; the struggle of the forces opposing them in the person of the Unitate-Editstvo inter-movement, some of whose leaders later became the founding fathers of the PMR. The work also covers in detail the stages of formation of self-determined Pridnestrovian statehood, recreated as a result of the popular expression of will through referendums and congresses of deputies of all levels of Pridnestrovie.
SOCIAL ASPECTS «BASTARD FEUDALISM» IN HISTORY ENGLAND SOCIETY ON THE LATER MIDDLE AGES
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia), Zolotov V.I.
Published: October 2024

This article is dedicated to a try to comprehend the concept «bastard feudalism» and the reality behind it. The history of the concept and its content are traced. Within the context of scientific-theoretical level of modern historical research relevance of traditional political and legal approaches is evaluated. The fruitfulness of the research base is explained. Using legal acts, author analyzes routine of social confrontation within counties of England. In XIV-XV centuries, House of Commons tried to regulate practice of applying livery’s law to fight against oppressive magnates at local level, in order to provide effective functioning of counties’ administration and to master implementation of laws on elections for the House of Commons. Legal practices for countering violations of laws against livery are analyzed sequentially. These practices are realized in limiting the established tradition of magnates’ ignoring of the legal system and authority’s exercise of powers in the county. Nature of the conflict of main country communities’ social interests is defined. The article sheds light on interest’s confrontation between gentry, lords and royal Council in the beginning of forming absolute monarchy’s elements and originating basis of cooperation among gentry and the Crown, when society formed new concepts of place and role of monarch, new identity of main social groups. A concept of relationship comprehensiveness based on «bastard feudalism» for the Later Middle Ages and disregard for diversity of vertical and horizontal relations in society, their mechanisms and content are evaluated critically.