bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental Support in Psychological Rehabilitation of Child Victims of Sexual Violence: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Eka Ayu Syahfitri Regita , Rokhmah Dewi , Nafikadini Iken
Published: December 2024

Background: Sexual violence was the most common, Data from the Regional Technical Services Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) of Jember Regency showed that there were 75 cases of sexual violence against children in 2022 and 73 cases of sexual violence against children in 2023. This research aimed to analyse aspects of parental social support in the psychological rehabilitation of child victims of sexual violence in the Jember Regency.
Methods: This research was qualitative research with a case study approach.  Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 3 main informants, which are parents of child victims of sexual violence with the age criteria of 7-18 years, 2 additional informants, which are family members or closest people from the victim's parents and 1 key informant, which the Regional Technical Services Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) of Jember Regency. Informants of this research are based on the willingness of informants to be interviewed in accordance with an ethical review of the confidentiality of informant information.
Results: The results showed that parents had provided emotional support to child victims of sexual violence by reporting to the police; providing affection, instrumental support by fulfilling daily needs, informative support by giving advice to children, and providing appreciation support by accepting the child's condition, providing support to children to undergo rehabilitation so as not to experience prolonged trauma.
Conclusion: Providing aspects of parental social support has been given to their children who are victims of sexual violence.
The Influence Of Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique On Cortisol Levels in Ischaemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Nurahman Hendra Kusuma Aria , Pudjonarko Dwi , Sujianto Untung
Published: December 2024

Background: Ischaemic stroke patients experience an increase in cortisol of 38% over 90 days. The spiritual emotional freedom technique (SEFT) provides manual stimulation of acupuncture points, which makes the muscles feel relaxed so that they can control cortisol. This study set out to assess how SEFT affected the cortisol levels in patients who had suffered an ischaemic stroke.
Methods: A control group and pre- and post-test measures were part of the quasi-experimental research design. There were seventy-one patients in the research population of the study. The sample was measured using the Slovin formula, and the sampling strategy used was purposeful sampling. Over the course of three months, the intervention group had 12 sessions of SEFT once a week, whereas the control group received regular spiritual treatment from RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, an outpatient nurse. The ELISA method was used to measure cortisol levels. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess normality, and the Levene test was used to test for homogeneity in bivariate data. The Mann-Whitney method was used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean cortisol before intervention was 119.63, and the mean cortisol after intervention was 99.23. SEFT affects cortisol levels in patients who have had an ischaemic stroke, according to a statistically significant (p<0.05) p-value of zero.
Conclusion: Patients with ischaemic stroke experienced a significant drop in cortisol levels after using the SEFT. Furthermore, it is necessary to study the dominant factors that influence the cortisol hormone and the need for a multi-religious approach in an effort to develop spiritual-based interventions.
Management of Surgical Wound Care Using the Bundles Principle as an Infection Control Strategy in Post-operative Patients
Authors: Lestari Sri , Pratiwi Arum , Alis Setiyadi Noor
Published: December 2024

Background: Infection prevention strategies, such as applying the bundle's principle, play a vital role in surgical wound care. However, limited studies assess nurse compliance with these standards. Investigating compliance is crucial to understanding its impact on post-operative wound infection. This study examines how nurse adherence to the bundle's principle influences wound infection during the healing process.
Methods: A before-and-after study was conducted at a second-level hospital in Indonesia over three months. Using total sampling, 100 nurses meeting inclusion criteria (adults with over one year of experience and training in bundle strategies) participated. Patients were selected through accidental sampling and included adults with non-infectious surgical wounds and no complications. The bundle's principle was implemented from the third to the sixth postoperative day, with infection signs assessed afterward. Instruments included demographic data, compliance checklists, and wound infection assessments. Data were analyzed using logistic regression.
Results: Gender did not significantly affect wound infection occurrence (OR 0.39, *P* = 0.092). Nurse compliance and work length showed a significant association with infection prevention (OR 4.47, *P* = 0.006). Educational background was not significantly associated with compliance (OR 2.11, *P* = 0.409).
Conclusion: Nurses' compliance with the bundle's principle significantly reduces post-operative wound infections, promoting effective healing. Factors like gender, work length, and educational background contribute equally to post-operative wound care outcomes.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Smulson Maryna
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена розгляду психолого-педагогічних проблем дистанційного навчання в сучасній освіті в контексті збереження ментального здоров'я українців. Розглянуто місце дистанційного навчання серед причин освітніх втрат. Показано, що ефективність оволодіння учнями й студентами навчальними компетентностями знижується при безпосередньому необгрунтованому перенесенні технологій офлайн навчання у дистанційний формат, без урахування парадигмальних змін у сучасній освіті, спричинених його широким використанням. Більш продуктивним є цілеспрямоване проєктування віртуального освітнього простору, який системно організує процеси навчальної та учіннєвої діяльностей із використанням цифрових технологій.Віртуальні освітні простори розглядаються в статті як спеціально спроєктовані та підтримувані фахівцями психолого-педагогічні, а також організаційно-технічні майданчики в Інтернеті, що спрямовані на досягнення заданих навчальних цілей, забезпечуючи контекст для продуктивного навчання та саморозвитку, і які функціонують на принципах цілеспрямованості, ініціативності, активності, суб’єктності всіх учасників. При цьому проєктування віртуального освітнього простору потребує проєктування діяльності всіх суб’єктів освітнього процесу.
Çağın Hastalığı; Kandida
Authors: Kazancı Nizamettin Sırrı
Published: December 2024

-
Erhöhtes Sturzrisiko infolge von Opioiden
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: December 2024

Ältere Leute, die mit Opioiden behandelt werden, haben ein signifikant erhöhtes Risiko, zu stürzen. Auch Frakturen sind häufiger. Dabei sind mehrere Mechanismen (Seda­tion, anticholinerge Wirkung, orthostatische Hypoto­nie) von Bedeutung. Es ist deshalb problematisch, dass in den letzten Jahren mehr ältere Kranke mit Opioiden behandelt werden.
Product Photography of Uniqlo Indonesia As A Promotion Medium On Instagram Social Media
Authors: Prasetyo Martinus Eko , Budiargo Kresnawan
Published: December 2024

This research discusses the role of product photography in the UNIQLO Indonesia brand as a promotional medium on the Instagram social media platform, where social media is one of the most important tools for brand promotion activities. With the rapid growth of Instagram users in Indonesia, UNIQLO has successfully utilized visual and narrative strengths to build a strong brand image, communicate brand values, and increase awareness and consumer interest in its products. This research analyzes how UNIQLO uses product photography to capture the essence of its unique collections, showcase functional designs, and convey brand messages. The study is conducted qualitatively with a case study on Instagram posts on the UNIQLO Indonesia account. Through this exploration, insights are gained into product photography techniques, shooting angles, display, and lighting techniques. The research highlights the importance of product photography in the activities of the UNIQLO brand, as evidenced by storytelling, brand images and aesthetic impressions, user engagement, promotion, and sales.
Embracing Minimalism: A Guide to Modern Graphic Design Practices
Authors: Osaigbovo Felix Onaiwu
Published: December 2024

Over time, the practice of graphic design has been undergoing progressive changes so much so that various authorities have come up with various specifications. There are various types of graphic designs amongst which are web design, user interface and user experience design, advertising and marketing design, game design, motion graphics, cartoons and animations, illustrations and typography, and publication design to mention but a few. This topic extrapolates the nuances of a minimalist approach to modern graphic design and in this essay; the word “graphics” has been used as a generic term that encapsulates corporate designs of items such as news magazines, journals, annual reports, calendars, book cover designs and such like. The objective of this research is to bring to the fore and compartmentalize the various stages of the minimalist approach to creating a cutting-edge modest design. The research methodology employed for this study is studio-based and practice-led, the survey and quasi-ethnographic study with some touch of literature review. Discussion exclusively centered on the antecedents of minimalism and steps to be taken in achieving a catchy design using the simplest techniques possible while it was concluded that it is more advantageous to adopt the minimalist approach to graphic designs with reasons rightly highlighted and expatiated on.
Utilization of Website and Interface to Help Raise the Brand Identity of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Owners
Authors: Nicholas Bryan
Published: December 2024

In today's modern era, a website serves as a key aspect of a brand's identity, with ownership often signifying credibility for a business. However, many individuals still struggle to market their brand through a website, often due to complex website designs or limited accessibility. With numerous businesses emerging every year, a brand's identity and uniqueness are essential in standing out from competitors. To address this challenge, a solution has been developed, which is a website builder company that enhances brand identity. This research aims to explore the importance of websites for MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) and identify how they can be designed to be effective, focusing on simple interfaces and clear communication of essential information. The data was gathered through quantitative interviews with expert, extreme, and non-expert users. The findings suggest that owning a website is crucial for MSMEs, significantly influencing consumer behavior and that the design should be well-organized, visually appealing, and engaging.
Pemanfaatan Sosial Media Sebagai Media Komunikasi dan Promosi Hydro Flask Sebagai Sustainable Brand
Authors: Vyncencia Michelle Stevanya
Published: December 2024

Seiring berjalannya waktu, terdapat banyak tren di sosial media yang menyebabkan meningkatnya minat pembeli. Misi brand dalam mendukung gerakan sustainability menarik perhatian masyarakat terhadap kepedulian lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan sosial media sebagai media komunikasi dan promosi pada brand botol minum untuk meningkatkan awareness masyarakat terhadap sustainability. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada studi ini adalah metode kualitatif dalam meneliti hasil riset yang dilakukan oleh peneliti lain dan tiga narasumber sebagai berikut : mempunyai pengalaman pada bidang brand marketing dan mempunyai misi dalam gerakan sustainability dan pelanggan brand Hydro Flask. Menurut hasil kajian literatur, pemanfaatan media sosial yang tepat akan membangun kesadaran customer terhadap brand. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, sosial media menjadi media yang efektif untuk berkomunikasi secara emosional dengan audiens. Pengaplikasian visual dan kalimat emosional mengundang ketertarikan audiens. Efektivitas penggunaan sosial media melalui pendekatan emosional yang dilakukan dengan cara mengadakan sustainable campaign, membuat konten yang melibatkan visual dan pesan yang mengundang emosi audiens dan mudah dimengerti, serta melakukan kolaborasi dengan acara yang mendukung program ramah lingkungan dan influencer.
PENGARUH SOSIAL MEDIA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KRITIS DAN DAYA FOKUS MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Nariswari Nadia Raissa
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh sosial media terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan daya fokus pengguna berusia 19-23 tahun di Indonesia. Dalam era konvergensi media, sosial media seperti Instagram, X, dan TikTok menjadi platform utama penyebaran informasi. Meskipun aksesnya mudah, konsumsi konten singkat dan instan dapat menurunkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan fokus pengguna. Dengan metode kualitatif berbasis wawancara dan observasi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengguna yang menghabiskan 5-10 jam per hari di sosial media cenderung terdistraksi dan kurang termotivasi untuk mencari informasi lebih dalam, merasa konten yang diterima sudah cukup lengkap. Gratifikasi instan yang diperoleh dari sosial media berkontribusi pada penurunan fokus dan ketergantungan pada informasi singkat. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya literasi digital untuk meminimalkan dampak negatif dari konsumsi sosial media yang berlebihan.
Analyzing the Visual Identity of Diptyque Paris
Authors: Casimira Clarissa
Published: December 2024

This journal explores the impact of visual identity design on consumer perception and brand recognition, using the luxury brand Diptyque as a case study. The study analyzes how Diptyque’s synchronized design elements—such as logos, typography, color palettes, and illustrations—communicate the brand’s personality and influence customer loyalty. The research aims to provide insights for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) on building effective visual identities by analyzing Diptyque’s successful branding strategies. The qualitative research method involved expert interviews and literature reviews. Experts in branding and design were interviewed to assess the effectiveness of Diptyque’s visual identity in conveying brand values. The study found that Diptyque’s distinctive oval-shaped logo, minimalist black-and-white palette, and hand-drawn illustrations play a significant role in establishing the brand’s luxury status and emotional appeal. Consistency in applying these design elements reinforces brand recognition and loyalty. The findings suggest that a well-defined and cohesive visual identity is crucial for brands to stand out in a competitive market. Diptyque’s example offers valuable lessons for MSMEs on how to use design elements strategically to enhance customer perceptions and build lasting brand presence.
Analisis Efektivitas Konten Instagram dalam Strategi Promosi untuk Design Agency yang Menargetkan Pasar Milenial
Authors: Tjokrokartono Marcella Purnomo
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengambil tema analisis efektivitas konten Instagram dalam strategi promosi yang menargetkan pasar Milenial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas konten promosi melalui Instagram perusahaan desain, dengan target pasar generasi Milenial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam pengumpulan data primer, yang dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap 1 expert user yang merupakan seseorang yang berpengalaman di bidang industri kreatif dan pembuatan konten media sosial, dan 2 extreme user yang merupakan pemilik bisnis dari generasi Milenial, dan observasi terhadap konten-konten promosi di Instagram. Terdapat juga metode studi literatur dari buku, dan jurnal nasional dan internasional yang berkaitan dengan relevansi 5 tahun terakhir, dan buku dengan relevansi 10 tahun terakhir, sebagai data sekunder. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah, penggunaan konten promosi di media sosial Instagram terbukti efektif bagi agensi desain dalam meningkatkan engagement dan mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian target pasar Milenial. Konten yang dibuat untuk kegiatan promosi harus mengikuti perkembangan tren agar dapat menarik minat masyarakat, dan mendorong terciptanya brand relationship.
Assessing Temperature Variabilities and Its Implications for Health and Livelihoods in Abuja Metropolis From 2019-2024
Authors: Okpa S.O. , Woke G.N.
Published: December 2024

This paper is on the assessment of temperature variabilities and its implications for health and livelihoods in Abuja metropolis from 2019-2024 as well as the assessment of high temperature and coping mechanisms in Abuja metropolis. High temperature facilitates heat stress, deaths, cardiovascular diseases, mental health, asthma and risk of accidents. Cross sectional survey design techniques were deployed with questionnaire as the primary source of data. Analysis on household size of the study showed that 18.37% accounted for 0-3 households, 41.47% accounted for 4-6, while 39.64% and 0.52% accounted for 7-10 and 11 and above respectively. The result further reveals that males have 81.4% and females 18.6% in terms of sex respondents while bracket ranges from 18-25 (19.69%), 26-35 (23.62%), 31-45 (26.50%), 46-55 (17.59) and 56 above had (12.60%) respectively. Two hypotheses of the study revealed a significant effect of health risk associated with high temperature in the study area and significant effect of the strategies adopted by the residents to cushion the impact of high temperature in Abuja metropolis. Findings of the study amongst others show that the mean yearly temperature (January – December, 2019 – 2023 January- August 2024) are within WHO acceptable limit of 370C in all the months, tall buildings within many urban areas provide multiple surfaces for the reflection and absorption of heat, stony materials absorb solar radiation and thus heat up the environment in the city, climate change causes high temperature and that high temperature causes asthma attacks, respiratory and cardiovascular health conditions. Arising from the above, the study recommended that proper implementation of environmental impact assessment of road construction and high-rise buildings should be taken seriously.
Gestión Financiera y el Desarrollo Empresarial de los Pequeños Productores de Palto Provincia Virú, Trujillo - 2023
Authors: Zafra Guerra Consuelo Aydeé , Méndez Gutiérrez Xiomara Milagritos , Terrones Toribio Nadia Consuelo , Rodríguez García Alexander Máximo
Published: December 2024

El propósito de la investigación fue determinar la influencia de la gestion financiera en el desarrollo empresarial de los pequeños productores de palto Provincia Virú, Trujillo - 2023. Este estudio surge de la necesidad de comprender cómo las prácticas financieras impactan en el crecimiento y sostenibilidad de estos emprendimientos agrícolas. El tipo de estudio es no experimental, correlacional causal transversal y los métodos de investigación aplicados fueron el inductivo, deductivo, el descriptivo y estadístico. La metodología empleada corresponde a un diseño no experimental, con enfoque correlacional causal transversal. Se aplicaron métodos inductivo, deductivo, descriptivo y estadístico para obtener una comprensión integral del fenómeno estudiado. La muestra se conformó por 15 pequeños productores de palto, seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico, considerando criterios de accesibilidad y representatividad del sector. Para la recolección de datos, se implementaron dos cuestionarios tipo escala de Likert, que evaluaron las dimensiones de gestión financiera y desarrollo empresarial. El procesamiento de la información se realizó mediante el software SPSS versión 23, aplicando análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Las implicaciones de este estudio son relevantes para el sector agrícola, pues proporcionan evidencia empírica sobre la importancia de implementar prácticas financieras efectivas, sostenibles, rentables, eficientes, competitivas, innovadoras y productivas para potenciar el desarrollo empresarial en el contexto de la agricultura local.  Los resultados revelaron una influencia positiva significativa entre la gestión financiera y el desarrollo empresarial, sustentada por el coeficiente de Nagelkerke de 0.78, con un nivel de significancia en la regresión logística ordinal menor al 5% (Sig. < 0.05).
Distribution and morphological variation of the freshwater halacarid mite Lobohalacarus weberi (Romijn & Viets, 1924) (Acari, Halacaridae) in Japan
Authors: Abé Hiroshi
Published: December 2024

The morphological variations of the subterranean freshwater halacarid mite Lobohalacarus weberi (Romijn & Viets) were examined for five regional populations in the Japanese Archipelago. When examining a total of 12 females and four deutonymphs, one of the four females in a single population had almost no frontal spine. Variations in the number of genital acetabula, perigenital setae, and leg chaetotaxy accorded well with the results of morphological variations in previous studies. The present distributional results and previous records of L. weberi in Japan showed the possibility of the species being distributed throughout the Japanese Archipelago. Considering the entire distributional records on the continent neighbouring Japan and the Japanese Archipelago lying relatively close to the continent, relictualism seems to effectively explain the current distribution of L. weberi in the Japanese Archipelago and on the continental landmass.
Advanced Neural Network-Based Load Frequency Regulation in Two-Area Power Systems
Authors: Taha Yunis Mohammed , DJEMEL Mohamed
Published: December 2024

In this paper, enhancing dynamic performance in power systems through load frequency control (LFC) is explored across diverse operating scenarios. A new Neural Network Model Predictive Controller (NN-MPC) specifically tailored for two-zone load frequency power systems is presented. ” Make your paper more scientific. The NN-MPC marries the predictive accuracy of neural networks with the robust capabilities of model predictive control, employing the nonlinear Levenberg-Marquardt method for optimization. Utilizing local area error deviation as feedback, the proposed controller's efficacy is tested against a spectrum of operational conditions and systemic variations. Comparative simulations with a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) reveal the proposed NN-MPC's superior performance, underscoring its potential as a formidable solution in power system regulation.
Efficiency Enhancement of Parabolic through Solar Collector using ZnO/Water Nanofluid
Authors: Ali Azeez Ali  , Zaynab Ismail Abdullah  , Hussein Hayder Mohammed Ali  , Adnan Mohammed Hussien
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the increased demand for energy has contributed to an increase in the number of studies focusing on renewable energy sources. The empirical and theoretical efficiencies of a parabolic trough solar collector are investigated. Fluid includes 1% and 2% volume concentrations of ZnO/water nanofluid and mass flow rates of 0.15 to 0.25 to 0.35 kg/min. The experimental study took place over the course of three months (February, March and April) in Kirkuk, Iraq. The solar collector's thermal losses decreased as the flow rate increased, heat gain increased with sun intensity and the collector's actual and theoretical efficiencies all improved. The efficiency found in experiments was found to be 10% lower than that predicted by theory. At the greatest volumetric flow rate, using a nanofluid composed of 2% ZnO and water improves the performance of solar collectors by 9%.
Pengaruh Pendidikan, Jabatan Fungsional dan Profesionalitas Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Di Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Dumai
Authors: Candra Riki , Hapzi Ali
Published: December 2024

Pengaruh pendidikan dan jabatan fungsional terhadap profesionlitas adalah sebuah sebuah kajian penelitian mengukur tingkat kinerja pegawai. Tujuan dari tulisan ini ialah guna mengembangkan hipotesis perihal korelasi antara variabel-variabel yang akan menjadi landasan bagi penelitian mendatang. Objek penelitian mencakup sumber-sumber pustaka online seperti Mendeley, Google Scholar, and platform other academics. Metode yang diterapkan pada kajian ini ialah analisis literatur menggunakan sumber-sumber elektronik seperti e-book dan jurnal yang tersedia secara publik. Pendekatan analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Berikut adalah temuan dari analisis ini:1) Pendidikan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai;  2) Jabatan fungsional mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai ; dan 3) Profesionalitas memiliki dampak pada kinerja pegawai.
Efeito de 5 Semanas de Treinamento de Circuito Funcional com Sobrecarga Controlada por Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço (PSE) na Distância Percorrida do Teste de 12 minutos de Militares em um Curso de Formação
Authors: Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Almeida Klebson da Silva , Costa Lucas Monteiro da , Rodrigues Sergio Luiz da Silva
Published: December 2024

Introdução: Os militares possuem em suas rotinas o Treinamento Físico Profissional Militar (TFPM). Os militares são avaliados através do Teste de Aptidão Física (TAF). Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de 5 semanas de TFPM na capacidade física resistência de militares participantes de um curso de formação nas condições Pré e Pós intervenção de atividades de Circuito Funcional com Persepção Subjetiva de Esforço (PSE) acima de 70%. Método: Foram realizados dois eventos de TAF em um intervalo de 5 semanas de TFPM, em um curso de formação militar. A amostra foi composta por 62 militares, 55 (82,71%) Homens e 7 (11,29%) Mulheres, com idade média de 30,45 (±5,75). Todos foram submetidos a atividades de circuito funcional nas sessões de TFPM, mantendo uma PSE acima de 70% enquanto eram estimulados com incentivos verbais. Os eventos de TAF tiveram em sua composição o teste de corrida de 12’ (C12) para serem comparados nas condições PRÉ e PÓS o período de TFPM. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel® onde foi realizado um teste t para identificar diferenças significantes entre grupos (p<0,05). Resultados: O C12 apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significante entre as condições, sendo Pré-C12 2272,95 m (±309,00), Pós-C12 2520,49 m (±290,86), sendo o valor de p<0,0001. Conclusões: O treinamento de 5 semanas de Circuito Funcional, com PSE acima de 70%, apresentou-se como uma ferramenta capaz de gerar efeitos estatisticamente significantes para o TFPM, aumentando a distância percorrida no C12 em militares de um curso de formação após 5 semanas de treinamento.
Enhancing geriatric care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Binafsha Manzoor Syed
Published: December 2024

Geriatric population is increasing worldwide, thus resulting in rise of healthcare issues. The advancing age has default rise in chronic illnesses, disabilities and mental health issues. Developed countries have improved their health care system by catering the needs of older population. However, low-middle- income countries (LMICs) have not yet addressed this major public health issue. Elderly population living in rural areas has multifaceted problems including lack of social support, financial dependence and insufficient healthcare facilities. Lack of specialized trained healthcare experts in geriatrics is also a major health issue in LMICs. The introducing geriatrics as a sub-specialty, specialized training of lady health workers and lady health visitors, community support groups can solve the issue of growing geriatric population in LMICs.
Violence in secondary schools: Educators experiences in Soweto, South Africa
Authors: Polonyana Thuto , Moosa Moeniera
Published: December 2024

The rise of violent incidents in South African schools has sparked widespread concern. Most studies on school violence focus on the experiences of learners; little attention has been paid to educators’ experiences. As a result, violence against educators is both underreported and understudied. The research question prompting this study was: What are educators’ experiences of educatordirected violence (EDV) at secondary schools in Soweto, Gauteng? Social learning theory and ecological systems theory serve as the theoretical underpinnings of the study. The study adopted a qualitative phenomenological approach, with data obtained from open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 100 purposively selected educators from eight secondary schools in Soweto. All the participants (principals, deputies, department heads, novice and veteran educators) had personally experienced educator-directed violence. Attacks were committed against educators of both genders and all educational ranks. The violence took a variety of forms: verbal, physical, sexual, cyber-related, relational exclusion (stigmatisation and marginalisation), and theft and property destruction, both of which caused emotional distress. Male educators were more likely to be physically attacked than female educators, and female educators were more likely to be sexually and verbally attacked. The findings show that, despite the safeguards put in place by the Department of Education, educator-directed violence is on the rise in Soweto classrooms. We recommend that the Department of Education reconsider its approach to addressing EDV in schools; that educators receive regular training to improve their capacities and violence-mitigation strategies; and counselling be considered for educators who have experienced traumatic incidents. Finally, policies should be modified to assist with reducing violent incidents, and appropriate mechanisms should be devised for dealing with repeat offenders.
A reflection on the significance of researchers' narratives in commissioned qualitative studies: A case study of four South African universities
Authors: Baleni Alois Sibaningi
Published: December 2024

The problem with most commissioned studies is that they are generally anchored on research protocols, guidelines and theoretical underpinnings imposed by research grant makers or the external Principal Investigator’s (PI) own research design preferences. Furthermore, the problem is that researchers who are recruited during various phases of commissioned studies have little contribution to the overall research design, methodological or theoretical framework of such studies. On 22-23 November 2022, the University of Johannesburg’s (UJ) Ali Mazrui Centre for Higher Education Studies (AMCHES) facilitated a fieldwork training and orientation workshop hosted by the Nelson Mandela University’s (NMU) Faculty of Education. The purpose of the workshop was to orient institutional research teams for a commissioned study titled: Steering Epistemic Access and Success of Historically Disadvantaged Students in South African Universities. This commissioned study was funded by the National Research Foundation (NRF) and AMCHES was the principal investigator, and it had its own prescribed research design to explore the institutional student access and success narratives and experiences of students from historically disadvantaged backgrounds. However, during this orientation workshop, it became apparent to the author that researchers recruited from the four participating universities were raising key research design-oriented narratives that were significant to the respective social contexts of the institutional case studies. The research design and theoretical framework of the entire study benefited from the inclusion of narratives describing the institutional researchers’ own experiences and their familiarity with the SEAS research sites. The four case study institutions were the universities of Cape Town (UCT), Fort Hare (UFH), Kwa Zulu-Natal (UKZN) and NMU. AMCHES held the overall ethics clearance for the study, which had been granted by UJ’s Faculty of Humanities. The author explored the pre-study narratives of the institutional research teams that emerged during the orientation workshop using a qualitative narrative analysis approach. This demonstrates the benefit of the incorporation of researchers’ narratives and perspectives of their lived experiences of the research site in commissioned studies. The author argues that the incorporation f narratives of researchers’ lived experiences of the research site adds a social context and enriches methodological approaches and theoretical framing in commissioned studies to create social relevance beyond the grant maker or the PI’s imposed approaches.
Teachers' voices and quality education in the basic education discourse in South Africa
Authors: Hoffman Samantha , Maarman Rouaan
Published: December 2024

The absence of a shared understanding of quality education for South African schools prompted this study to apply the capability approach of Amartya Sen to investigate the productive qualities of teachers. The study outlines the significance of integrating teachers’ perspectives into discussions surrounding quality education in South Africa. More emphasis is directed towards the necessity of understanding quality education through the lens of teachers’ experiences and perceptions. A case study design was used and teachers in two Cape Town schools were selected to illustrate the case. The study conducted in-depth individual and focus group interviews with primary and high school teachers to explore their views on quality education and its implications for capability enhancement. Utilizing the capability approach as a framework, the research underscores the voices of teachers and the pivotal role of teachers in shaping educational practices and policies. The study revealed that limitations put on teachers’ voices rendered the understanding of quality education a bureaucratic discourse instead of a transformational idea and suppresses evaluative reasoning and the pursuit of interconnected teaching and learning freedoms in schools.
Exploring current student-centred assessment practices in higher education towards adaptive graduates
Authors: Ross Noelene Simone , Rajkoomar Mogiveny
Published: December 2024

The last three decades have seen significant educational reform, which have influenced the transformation of assessment practices in higher education institutions (HEIs). In addition, various societal and global changes have required that higher education create adaptive graduates who acquire and develop higherorder skills which include problem-solving skills, critical thinking, creativity and autonomy. Thus, HEIs are expected to produce adaptive graduates to meet the demands of the current national and international society and workforce. Literature suggests that student-centred assessments (SCA) can promote such higherorder skills, which have also become known as 21st century skills. Since, assessment is an integral part to learning and instruction, the design of assessments have become an important aspect in HEIs. This entails HEIs adapting to the paradigm shift from traditional assessment methods to student-centred assessment methods. This study adopted a case study approach to explore staff and student’s experiences of student-centred assessments. The respondents for this study were the staff and students from a Faculty of Accounting and Informatics at a HEI in South Africa. The findings reveal that while staff and students support various SCA and activities , the implementation of these assessments are hindered by challenges faced by staff . The contribution of this paper is to emphasize how student-centred assessment (SCA) practices foster the development of adaptive graduates while addressing the challenges to their effective implementation. Furthermore, this paper is significant to policymakers, educators, and institutional leaders seeking to enhance assessment practices and prepare adaptive, future-ready graduates.
ODIN: Identifying Protoclusters and Cosmic Filaments Traced by Lyα-emitting Galaxies
Authors: Ramakrishnan Vandana , Lee Kyoung-Soo , Artale Maria Celeste , Gawiser Eric , Yang Yujin , Park Changbom , Chiang Yi-Kuan , Ciardullo Robin , Dey Arjun , Gronwall Caryl , Guaita Lucia , Hwang Ho Seong , Im Sang Hyeok , Jeong Woong-Seob , Kim Seongjae , Kumar Ankit , Lee Jaehyun , Lee Seong-Kook , Moon Byeongha , Padilla Nelson , Pope Alexandra , Popescu Roxana , Singh Akriti , Song Hyunmi , Troncoso Paulina , Valdes Francisco , Zabludoff Ann
Published: December 2024

To understand the formation and evolution of massive cosmic structures, studying them at high redshift, in the epoch when they formed the majority of their mass, is essential. The One-hundred-deg2 DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN) survey is undertaking the widest-area narrowband program to date, to use Lyα-emitting galaxies (LAEs) to trace the large-scale structure (LSS) of the Universe on the scale of 10–100 cMpc at three cosmic epochs. In this work, we present results at z = 3.1 based on early ODIN data in the COSMOS field. We identify protoclusters and cosmic filaments using multiple methods and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. We then compare our observations against the IllustrisTNG suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. The two are in excellent agreement, identifying a similar number and angular size of structures above a specified density threshold. We successfully recover the simulated protoclusters with log(M

z=0/M
⊙) ≳ 14.4 in ∼60% of the cases. With these objects, we show that the descendant masses of our observed protoclusters can be estimated purely based on our 2D measurements, finding a median z = 0 mass of ∼1014.5
M
⊙. The lack of information on the radial extent of each protocluster introduces a ∼0.4 dex uncertainty in its descendant mass. Finally, we show that the recovery of the cosmic web in the vicinity of protoclusters is both efficient and accurate. The similarity of our observations and the simulations implies that our structure selection is likewise robust and efficient, demonstrating that LAEs are reliable tracers of the LSS.
Exploring Pulsar Timing Precision: A Comparative Study of Polarization Calibration Methods for NANOGrav Data from the Green Bank Telescope
Authors: Dey Lankeswar , McLaughlin Maura A. , Wahl Haley M. , Demorest Paul B. , Arzoumanian Zaven , Blumer Harsha , Brook Paul R. , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Cromartie H. Thankful , DeCesar Megan E. , Dolch Timothy , Ellis Justin A. , Ferdman Robert D. , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Fiore William , Fonseca Emmanuel , Garver-Daniels Nate , Gentile Peter A. , Glaser Joseph , Good Deborah C. , Jennings Ross J. , Jones Megan L. , Lam Michael T. , Lorimer Duncan R. , Luo Jing , Lynch Ryan S. , Ng Cherry , Nice David J. , Pennucci Timothy T. , Pol Nihan S. , Ransom Scott M. , Spiewak Renée , Stairs Ingrid H. , Stovall Kevin , Swiggum Joseph K.
Published: December 2024

Pulsar timing array experiments have recently uncovered evidence for a nanohertz gravitational wave background by precisely timing an ensemble of millisecond pulsars. The next significant milestones for these experiments include characterizing the detected background with greater precision, identifying its source(s), and detecting continuous gravitational waves from individual supermassive black hole binaries. To achieve these objectives, generating accurate and precise times of arrival of pulses from pulsar observations is crucial. Incorrect polarization calibration of the observed pulsar profiles may introduce errors in the measured times of arrival. Further, previous studies have demonstrated that robust polarization calibration of pulsar profiles can reduce noise in the pulsar timing data and improve timing solutions. In this paper, we investigate and compare the impact of different polarization calibration methods on pulsar timing precision using three distinct calibration techniques: the Ideal Feed Assumption (IFA), Measurement Equation Modeling (MEM), and Measurement Equation Template Matching (METM). Three NANOGrav pulsars—PSRs J1643−1224, J1744−1134, and J1909−3744—observed with the 800 MHz and 1.5 GHz receivers at the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) are utilized for our analysis. Our findings reveal that all three calibration methods enhance timing precision compared to scenarios where no polarization calibration is performed. Additionally, among the three calibration methods, the IFA approach generally provides the best results for timing analysis of pulsars observed with the GBT receiver system. We attribute the comparatively poorer performance of the MEM and METM methods to potential instabilities in the reference noise diode coupled to the receiver and temporal variations in the profile of the reference pulsar, respectively.
A Census of Dwarf Galaxy Satellites around LMC-mass Galaxy NGC 2403*
Authors: Carlin Jeffrey L. , Sand David J. , Mutlu-Pakdil Burçin , Crnojević Denija , Doliva-Dolinsky Amandine , Garling Christopher T. , Peter Annika H. G. , Brodie Jean P. , Forbes Duncan A. , Hargis Jonathan R. , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Spekkens Kristine , Strader Jay , Willman Beth
Published: December 2024

We present the first comprehensive census of the satellite population around a Large Magellanic Cloud stellar-mass galaxy, as part of the Magellanic Analog Dwarf Companions and Stellar Halos (MADCASH) survey. We have surveyed NGC 2403 (D = 3.0 Mpc) with the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam imager out to a projected radius of 90 kpc (with partial coverage extending out to ∼110 kpc, or ∼80% of the virial radius of NGC 2403), resolving stars in the uppermost ∼2.5 mag of its red giant branch. By looking for stellar overdensities in the red giant branch spatial density map, we identify 149 satellite candidates, of which only the previously discovered MADCASH J074238+65201-dw is a bona fide dwarf, together with the more massive and disrupting satellite DDO 44. We carefully assess the completeness of our search via injection of artificial dwarf galaxies into the images, finding that we are reliably sensitive to candidates down to M

V
∼ −7.5 mag (and somewhat sensitive to even fainter satellites). A comparison of the satellite luminosity function of NGC 2403 down to this magnitude limit to theoretical expectations shows overall good agreement. This is the first of a full sample of 11 Magellanic Cloud–mass host galaxies we will analyze, creating a statistical sample that will provide the first quantitative constraints on hierarchical models of galaxy formation around low-mass hosts.
Insights into the Long-term Flaring Events of Blazar PKS 0805-07: A Multiwavelength Analysis Over the Period of 2009–2023
Authors: Akbar Sikandar , Shah Zahir , Misra Ranjeev , Iqbal Naseer
Published: December 2024

We conducted a comprehensive temporal and spectral study of the FSRQ PKS 0805-07 by using broadband observations from the Fermi-LAT and Swift-XRT/UVOT instruments over the period of MJD 54684-60264. The 3 day binned γ-ray light curve during the active state revealed 11 distinct peak structures with the maximum integral flux (E > 100 MeV) reached (1.56 ± 0.16) × 10−6 photons cm−2 s−1 on MJD 59904.5. The shortest observed γ-ray variability was 2.80 ± 0.77 days. A correlation analysis between the γ-ray spectral index and flux indicated the typical trend of hardening when the source is brighter, commonly observed in blazars. We identified a lag of 121 (+27.21, −3.51) days in the spectral index relative to the flux, within the time interval MJD 59582 to 60112. The Anderson–Darling test and histogram fit rejected the normality of the γ-ray flux distribution and instead suggested a log-normal distribution. To gain insight into the underlying physical processes, we extracted broadband spectra from different time periods in the light curve. The spectral energy distribution during various flux states was well-reproduced using synchrotron, synchrotron-self-Compton, and external-Compton emissions from a broken power-law electron distribution. The seed photons required for the external Compton process are from the IR region. A comparison of the best-fit physical parameters indicated that the variations in different flux states were primarily associated with an increase in the bulk Lorentz factor and magnetic field from low to high flux states.
Exploring Unobscured Quasi-stellar Objects in the Southern Hemisphere with KS4
Authors: Kim Yongjung , Kim Minjin , Im Myungshin , Chang Seo-Won , Jeong Mankeun , Byun Woowon , Kim Joonho , Kim Dohyeong , Shim Hyunjin , Song Hyunmi
Published: December 2024

We present a catalog of unobscured quasi-stellar object (QSO) candidates in the Southern Hemisphere from the early interim data of the KMTNet Synoptic Survey of Southern Sky (KS4). The KS4 data covers ∼2500 deg2 sky area, reaching 5σ detection limits of ∼22.1–22.7 AB mag in the BVRI bands. Combining this with available infrared photometric data from the surveys covering the southern sky, we select the unobscured QSO candidates based on their colors and spectral energy distribution fitting results. The final catalog contains 72,964 unobscured QSO candidates, of which only 0.4% are previously identified as QSOs based on spectroscopic observations. Our selection method achieves an 87% recovery rate for spectroscopically confirmed bright QSOs at z < 2 within the KS4 survey area. In addition, the number count of our candidates is comparable to that of spectroscopically confirmed QSOs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in the northern sky. These demonstrate that our approach is effective in searching for unobscured QSOs in the southern sky. Future spectrophotometric surveys covering the southern sky will enable us to discern their true nature and enhance our understanding of QSO populations in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Small Sizes and High Implied Densities of “Little Red Dots” with Balmer Breaks Could Explain Their Broad Emission Lines without an Active Galactic Nucleus
Authors: Baggen Josephine F. W. , van Dokkum Pieter , Brammer Gabriel , de Graaff Anna , Franx Marijn , Greene Jenny , Labbé Ivo , Leja Joel , Maseda Michael V. , Nelson Erica J. , Rix Hans-Walter , Wang 王 Bingjie 冰洁 , Weibel Andrea
Published: December 2024

Early JWST studies found an apparent population of massive, compact galaxies at redshifts z ≳ 7. Recently three of these galaxies were shown to have prominent Balmer breaks, demonstrating that their light at λ
rest ∼ 3500 Å is dominated by a stellar population that is relatively old (∼200 Myr). All three also have broad Hβ emission with σ > 1000 km s−1, a common feature of such “little red dots.” From Sérsic profile fits to the Near Infrared Camera images in F200W we find that the stellar light of galaxies is extremely compact: the galaxies have half-light radii of r
e ∼ 100 pc, in the regime of ultracompact dwarfs in the nearby Universe. Their masses are uncertain, as they depend on the contribution of possible light from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) to the flux at λ
rest > 5000 Å. If the AGN contribution is low beyond the Balmer break region, the masses are M
* ∼ 1010–1011
M
☉, and the central densities are higher than those of any other known galaxy population by 1 order of magnitude. Interestingly, the implied velocity dispersions of ∼1500 km s−1 are in very good agreement with the measured Hβ line widths. We suggest that some of the broad lines in “little red dots” are not due to AGNs, but simply reflect the kinematics of the galaxies, and speculate that the galaxies are observed in a short-lived phase where the central densities are much higher than at later times. We stress, however, that the canonical interpretation of AGNs causing the broad Hβ lines also remains viable.
Pulmonary thromboembolism and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Aleksandrov Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

Editorial