bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Fever Attack in a Patient with PFAPA Syndrome
Authors: ENGİN Muhammet
Published: June 2021

Fever is a common symptom in childhood and primarily suggests infectious diseases. The syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA syndrome) is a periodic fever syndrome of unknown incidence and is not rare in childhood. In this case report, the management of a patient who was followed up for PFAPA syndrome during a fever attack is presented.
WHAT IS “SANOLOGY” AND IS SHE NEEDED?
Authors: G.L Apanasenko
Published: June 2021

The necessity of the use of term of «санология» comes into question for denotation of the научно-практического direction related to the «management by the health» of individual: monitoring of health level, setting of health measures, their realization, estimation of efficiency. Aim: achievement of «safe health level».
Subculture human skeletal muscle cells to produce the cells with different Culture medium compositions
Authors: Balch Ying
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to subculture human skeletal muscle cells (HSkMC) using a culture medium with different compositions to determine the most efficient medium for the growth of the human skeletal muscle cells. The culture media was divided into three groups: Group1. An HSkMC growth medium. Group 2. An HSkMC growth medium + with 10% high glucose (GH). Group 3. An HSkMC growth medium + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). HSkMC from groups 1 to 3 gradually became round in shape and gathered in clusters. These changes differed between the groups. In group 3, the HSkMC clusters were more in numbers and gathered as significantly more prominent than in the other groups under the EVOS-Microscope shown. We concluded that by manipulating the composition of the culture medium, it is possible to induce HSkMC to promote the best growth.
Research & Innovation for Sustainable Products: Polysaccarides for a smart circular economy at zero waste
Authors: Morganti Pierfrancesco
Published: June 2021

Scientific Research and Innovation (R&I) may be considered respectively "the spoken language and the written language of every culture".The first is necessary to discover new lands,while the second results fundamental to build housed & roads and make food,necessary for an healthy living.At this purpose,the scientific research may be distinguished in 3 different phases: basic and experimental research,applied research and industrial research. Innovation comes from the basic research,while the applied research represents the bridge between the basic research and the industrial ones.
The genetic abnormalities investigation of leukemia in past few decades
Authors: Rahnemoon Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of each patient’s leukemia cells has become an essential component of diagnosis prior to treatment. It has furthered our understanding of leukemogenesis at a molecular level. Specific and well-characterized recurring chromosomal abnormalities facilitate diagnosis, confirm subtype classification, and have major prognostic value for treatment planning. Conventional chromosome analysis is a basic way for diagnosis and treatment. In addition in this way evaluation of disease progression is important and so it is the only method that can identify the presence of clonal evolution, particularly in accelerated and relapse phase in the disease. Also conventional cytogenetic can detect chromosomal abnormality associated with its advanced phase. Anyhow, the value of translocation rates in interphase and metaphase nuclei in monitoring leukemia is at the time of diagnosis and after treatment additionally. Genomic profiling transformed our understanding of the genetic basis of leukemia particularly in acute leukemia, which is a malignant clonal proliferation in lymphoid stem cells or myeloid progenitor cells.
Estimation of wind speed with artificial neural networks method for Isparta using meteorological measurement data
Authors: GEMİCİ Fatih , ŞENCAN ŞAHİN Arzu
Published: June 2021

Renewable energy sources are of great importance for our country. Wind energy is a renewable energy source. Today, wind energy is mostly used in electricity generation. The electrical energy to be produced from a wind turbine is directly related to the wind speed in that region.

In this study, the wind speed for Isparta between 1st of January 2019, and 31st of December 2019 has been estimated using an artificial neural network (ANN) depending on average air temperature (°C), air pressure (mb), relative humidity (%), solar radiation (W/m2). MATLAB programming language is used. RMSE (Root-Mean-Square Error) was found to be 6,946427364, and R2 value as 0.9479, cov coefficient of variation as 0.1609336. It has been observed that these values are at an acceptable level. Therefore, it has been seen that the artificial neural networks model can be used in wind speed estimation.
Program Literasi Digital untuk Pengembangan Perpustakaan Berbasis Inklusi Sosial di Desa Sedayu, Muntilan, Magelang
Authors: Husna Aftina Nurul , Yuliani Dwi , Rachmawati Titik , Anggraini Dini Eka , Anwar Rofi , Utomo Refo
Published: June 2021

Pengembangan perpustakaan berbasis inklusi sosial memainkan peran penting dalam pembangunan dengan meningkatkan literasi masyarakat. Program transformasi perpustakaan yang dicanangkan oleh Perpustakaan Nasional ini menuntut perpustakaan di daerah untuk lebih berperan lebih sebagai pusat program-program literasi, pendidikan, ekonomi, dan kesehatan. Tantangan yang dihadapi Perpustakaan “Rumah Pintar” di Desa Sedayu, Muntilan, Magelang adalah minimnya ide kreatif dan SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia) untuk program literasi, sementara kebutuhan masyarakat desa untuk membangun literasi fungsional semakin besar terlebih di masa pandemi Covid-19. Dilatarbelakangi masalah tersebut, maka diperlukan program literasi digital untuk merevitalisasi peran perpustakaan di Desa Sedayu. Tujuan: 1) Mengatasi konsekuensi negatif penggunaan teknologi digital yang menghambat peningkatan kemampuan literasi fungsional keluarga dan anak usia sekolah di Desa Sedayu, dan 2) merevitalisasi peran perpustakaan sebagai pusat belajar masyarakat Desa Sedayu. Strategi: Mengadakan penyuluhan dan pelatihan literasi digital berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan: Penyuluhan optimalisasi fungsi telepon pintar sebagai alat literasi dan belajar untuk keluarga dan pelatihan penggunaan telepon pintar/ internet yang bernilai edukasi untuk anak dilaksanakan pada 12-15 Oktober 2020. Pelaksanaan acara terpusat di gedung Perpustakaan “Rumah Pintar” dan melibatkan sebanyak 9 orang ibu rumah tangga dan 20 anak. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kepuasan peserta penyuluhan, para ibu mengetahui batasan penggunaan smartphone pada anak dan waktu yang tepat memberikan smartphone kepada anak. Peserta anak mengetahui manfaat edukatif penggunaan teknologi digital sebagai alat untuk belajar dan berlatih membuat karya kreatif dengan tutorial yang diperoleh dari internet. Program ini menghasilkan sejumlah luaran, di antaranya modul-modul pelatihan, poster karya peserta untuk dekorasi ruang perpustakaan, dan publikasi kegiatan di media massa.
ESCORPIÕES E ESCORPIONISMO: ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDOS E IMAGENS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Anderson Pimentel dos Santos , Jeanne Claine de Albuquerque Modesto
Published: June 2021

No Brasil, o número de envenenamentos por escorpião cresce vertiginosamente a cada ano, principalmente em centros urbanos. Segundo dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação do Ministério da Saúde, em 2018 foram registrados 156.833 casos de escorpionismo e 94 óbitos, um aumento de quase 300% com relação ao número de acidentes registrados em 2008. Embora todos os escorpiões sejam peçonhentos e possam eventualmente causar acidentes, um número pouco expressivo pode causar problemas significativos à saúde humana e induzir o óbito. A desinformação quanto às espécies consideradas de importância médica, a distribuição geográfica das mesmas e aos cuidados para evitar acidentes podem corroborar para esta elevada incidência de casos. Diante da importância para a saúde humana e considerando o livro didático como uma importante ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem nas escolas brasileiras, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar como os escorpiões e o escorpionismo são abordados nas coleções de biologia aprovadas pelo PNLD para o triênio 2018-2020. Para isto, inicialmente os 3 volumes das 10 coleções passaram pelas etapas de pré-análise, codificação e categorização do conteúdo, sendo as categorias agrupadas em conteúdo geral e específico. Também foram analisadas e categorizadas as imagens presentes. Por fim, foram identificados os erros conceituais no texto, imagem ou legenda. Segundo nossos resultados, os escorpiões ainda são vistos de maneira insatisfatória na grande maioria dos livros, sendo a morfologia e a fisiologia destes animais os únicos critérios presentes em todas as coleções. Importância ecológica, identificação e distribuição das espécies brasileiras que podem levar ao óbito e prevenção de acidentes ainda são conteúdos pouco explorados pelos autores. Em alguns livros é possível notar ainda a presença de erros conceituais. Apenas três coleções mostraram-se mais atualizadas quanto aos temas e contemplaram um maior número de critérios pré-estabelecidos. Em conclusão, tendo em vista a relevância do tema para a saúde humana e a importância do livro didático no processo de formação dos estudantes, sugerimos uma maior atenção por parte dos autores de livros didáticos quanto ao conteúdo referente, sobretudo, ao escorpionismo.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS ATIVIDADES EXPERIMENTAIS NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA.
Authors: Maria Grasielly da Silva Nascimento , Áurea Vitória Pereira de Aguiar , Jaqueline Souza de Barros , Fernando  Cleyton Henrique de Mendonça Silva , Kilma da Silva Lima Viana
Published: June 2021

O ensino de Química tem mantidos práticas que estão relacionadas às abordagens mais tradicionais, baseadas em aulas expositivas, descontextualizadas, retirando, assim, da química a sua natureza que é, essencialmente, experimental. A consequência disso é a formação de estudantes que não despertam o interesse para essa área de conhecimento. Inquieta-nos saber: quais as principais características das práticas experimentais no ensino de Química? Para responder a essa inquietação, essa pesquisa teve o objetivo de identificar as principais abordagens experimentais no ensino de Química. O campo de pesquisa foram duas escolas da Rede Pública do Estado de Pernambuco e os participantes da pesquisa foram 32 estudantes do Ensino Médio dessas escolas. Foram realizados questionários com os estudantes com pergunta aberta e fechadas, e entrevistas com 2 professores. Foi observado que as práticas experimentais no Ensino de química, na escola de rede pública, nem sempre prioriza as aulas práticas, muitas vezes por conta do espaço e também dos materiais. O objetivo das práticas experimentais é auxiliar os estudantes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e também ajudar os estudantes na aprendizagem dos conteúdos de química, de acordo com as respostas dos estudantes, observamos que eles acham muito importante essa prática, e 44,15% dos alunos responderam que o professor não realiza essa prática, a utilização das práticas experimentais é muito importante para a aprendizagem dos alunos, mais nem sempre o espaço favorece. Observamos também, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que existem diversas possibilidades do professor realizar essas atividades experimentais em sala de aula. Além disso, verificamos também o quanto o ensino de Química precisa ser renovado, afinal, esses estudos trazem perspectivas que não são corriqueiras nas salas de aula. Muitos professores permanecem com práticas experimentais relacionadas às abordagens tradicionais. Assim, ressaltamos a importâncias dessas propostas serem discutidas nos cursos de formação de professores para que o ensino, no nosso caso, da Química supere as práticas tradicionais que, historicamente são realizadas.
METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO: ARTICULAÇÃO DOCENTE PARA O ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA ESPACIAL À ESTUDANTES, EM TEMPOS DA COVID-19
Authors: Júlio César da Silva , Déric Vinícius dos Santos , Elyston Henrique da Silva Barros , Luan Danilo Silva dos Santos , Yrailma Katharine de Sousa
Published: June 2021

A pandemia da COVID-19 impactou significativamente a sociedade, seja por questões econômicas, educacionais ou de saúde. A partir dela, exigências governamentais foram postas, e uma delas envolveu a adoção de medidas de distanciamento para controle da disseminação do SARS-CoV-2 (vírus da COVID-19), inclusive no contexto escolar, em que o ensino presencial precisou ser suspenso. Nesse contexto, como alternativa para continuidade de atividades educacionais, muitas instituições de ensino brasileiras passaram a trabalhar o ensino remoto, tendo como suporte Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e da Comunicação (TDICs). As TDICs podem ser um instrumento importante no desenvolvimento das práticas docentes, inclusive em atividades de ensino matemático, como por exemplo, geometria espacial. Neste sentido, objetivamos nessa pesquisa analisar, quando houvesse, a utilização de recursos metodológicos do docente para o desenvolvimento do ensino de geometria espacial à estudantes do Ensino Médio, em tempos de COVID-19. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi classificada numa abordagem qualitativa do tipo descritiva, e teve como técnica de coleta de dados o uso de um formulário eletrônico, com questões abertas. Como participantes tivemos três professores de matemática de uma escola da rede estadual de Camocim de São Félix-PE, que estavam ensinando ou iriam ensinar geometria espacial no ensino médio na modalidade de ensino remoto. Utilizamos a análise de conteúdo para analisar os dados obtidos. Das inferências, contatamos que os docentes utilizam vários recursos tecnológicos para o desenvolvimento de suas práticas para o ensino de geometria espacial, para facilitar a compreensão e visualização do conteúdo. Esses recursos remetem dos professores investigados certa articulação para aplicação de novas metodologias de ensino, nas aulas de matemática. Verificamos ainda, alguns desafios apresentados pelos professores, como a falta de recursos dos discentes e a formação docente. Assim sendo, concluímos que o uso das TDICs tem sido um grande aliado na articulação e apresentação do conteúdo de geometria espacial, mas para que sua potencialidade seja aproveitada no processo de apresentação do conteúdo de geometria espacial é necessário que os professores estejam instrumentalizados quanto ao uso desses instrumentos. Ademais, verificamos a necessidade de reflexão acerca dos desafios advindos do modelo de ensino remoto.
COVID-19 PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE EBA PLATFORMUNDA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN MÜZİK DERSLERİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: İNAL İlbilge , SAKARYA Gül , ZAHAL Onur
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada, Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA) üzerinden yapılan uzaktan müzik eğitimi uygulamalarına ilişkin müzik öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi ve bu süreçte verilen müzik eğitiminin genel görünümünün bu görüşler aracılığıyla ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) bünyesinde devlet okullarında çalışan ve çevrimiçi ders yapan 15 müzik öğretmeni olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından durum çalışması desenindedir. Veriler, görüşme tekniği ile Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle okulların uzaktan eğitime geçtiği 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının II. döneminde toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin çözümlenmesi aşamasında içerik analizi tekniği uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, müzik öğretmenlerinin büyük bir kısmının uzaktan eğitim konusunda deneyimi olmadığı ve bu yeni duruma uyum süreci yaşadıkları, yüz yüze eğitimin müzik eğitimine daha uygun bir sistem olduğunu ancak yaşanan pandemi sürecinde yapılan uzaktan eğitim uygulamasının gerekli olduğunu düşündükleri tespit edilmiştir. Müzik öğretmenlerinin dersleri etkinlik temelli bir biçimde gerçekleştirdikleri, öğretim materyali olarak çoğunlukla video ve ses dosyası kullandıkları görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin; derslerde ortaya çıkan internet, cihaz, bağlantı sorunlarının ve öğrencilerin ders esnasında kamera kullanmamalarının sınıf yönetimini olumsuz etkilediği görüşünde yoğunlaştıkları sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca kapanma sürecinin, öğretmenlerin kendilerini mesleki bakımdan geliştirebilmeleri için daha çok zaman kazandırdığı, öğrencilerin derslere katılımının ise genel olarak düşük düzeyde olduğu görüşlerine ulaşılmıştır.
Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana lines with T-DNA insertions in the mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes Rps14 and Rps19
Authors: Lata Suman , Watts Anshul , Bhat S. R.
Published: June 2021

In Arabidopsis, most of the genes encoding mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are located in the nucleus and only seven are present in the mitochondrial genome. Assembly of a functional ribosome requires coordinated expression of ribosomal protein encoding genes located in both these organelles. Genes and promoters of nuclear encoded mitochondrial ribosomal protein coding genes of plants have not been well characterized so far. In the present study we have characterized Arabidopsis thaliana SALK mutant lines with T-DNA insertion in Rps14 or Rps19 gene. The location of T-DNA insertion in the mutant lines was confirmed and plants homozygous and hemizygous for TDNA insertion were identified for both Rps14 and Rps19 genes. In homozygous T-DNA mutant lines of both Rps14 and Rps19 genes, the expression was estimated using RTPCR. Rps14 and Rps19 transcripts similar to wild type were present in homozygous mutant plants of Rps14 and Rps19 which indicated that T-DNA insertion has not affected their expression.
Stability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and quality traits in betelvine (Piper betle L.) genotypes under three different sets of conditions
Authors: Tirkey Alice , Ramtake Vibha , Porte S. S. , Joshi P. K. , Khare N. , Tandon A. , Tirkey T.
Published: June 2021

Betelvine (Piper betle L.) is commonly consumed as betel quid or paan with areca nut and/or tobacco; and also utilized in Indian medicine systems and in religious ceremonies. The betel production is highly erratic and so is the income of farmers due to natural climatic factors and spoilage during transport. It is therefore important to improve its productivity per vine and per unit area to meet the demand. Correlation, path coefficient and stability analysis was carried out in fifteen genotypes of betelvine including 3 checks under three protected structures, namely, Bareja (E1), Poly tunnel (E2) and Net tunnel (E3). Among the three structures, Net tunnel was found suitable for the cultivation of betelvine in Chhattisgarh. With respect to quality parameters, Meetha paan (2.65 g/100g) followed by Billori (2.23 g/100g) found to have high protein content. Meetha paan (5.89g/100g) followed by Meetha-cum-bangla (5.36g/100g) was also found to possess high starch content. However, low fiber content was recorded in Meetha pan (1.83g/100g), whereas high potassium content was found in Ramtake meetha (933mg/100g) followed by Bidhan pan (991mg/100g). The genotype, Karapaku possessed high potassium content (2.67mg/g). Hedonic five point scale for organolaptic test showed Meetha paan (2.3/5) followed by Bali paan (2.4/5) were less pungent among genotype studied. Highest shelf life was found in genotype Karapaku and Bhaichigudi (18days). The results indicated that number of leaves per vein were positively correlated with leaf width (0.802 and 0.819) followed by leaf area (0.790 and 0.808), leaf area index (0.782 and 0.800), leaf length (0.745 and 0.759), specific leaf weight (0.681 and 0.709), petiole length (0.658 and 0.705), diameter of internodes (0.484 and 0.559) and R-value (0.112 and 0.110) at both phenotypic and genotypic level, respectively. Path analysis identified leaf width (0.8772) and leaf length (0.4712) had direct effects on leaf yield at phenotypic level. Highest positive direct effect on leaf yield was exerted by leaf area (1.3544) followed by leaf width (0.8986) at genotypic level. These characters can be used as selection criterion in a breeding programme to develop varieties of betelvine with high leaf yield. The stability analysis under three different protected structures viz; E1, E2, E3 indicated that the genotypes, Karapaku, Bhaichigudi and Maghai pan are stable across the environment for leaf yield.
Genetics of stripe rust resistance in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes
Authors: Kumar Vishnu , Bhardwaj S. C. , Kharub A. S. , Singh G. P.
Published: June 2021

Stripe rust inflicted by the pathogen Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. hordei Eriks can cause marked grain yield reduction and deterioration of the malting quality in barley. Two barley genotypes, DWRB137 (DWR28/DWRUB64) and DWRB143 (DWRB73/DWR83) were identified as resistant (R) for three stripe rust races viz., 57 (0S0), M (1S0) and Q (5S0) at seedling and adult plant stages. These genotypes were crossed with two stripe rust susceptible (S) barley cultivars, RD2035 and Lakhan to study mode of inheritance of stripe rust resistance. All the F1 plants showed resistance against stripe rust race, 57 (0S0) indicating that the resistance (R) is dominant. The F2 generations derived from the crosses namely, Lakhan/DWRB137, Lakhan/DWRB143, RD2035/DWRB137 and RD2035/DWRB143 were tested with inoculum of race, 57 (0S0) under artificially inoculated conditions. The observed frequency of segregants in each F2 generation fit well in a theoretical ratio of 3(R):1(S) (χ 2(T) less than 0.01) indicating that the resistance against the tested race is controlled by a single dominant gene in the genotypes, DWRB137 and DWRB143. To validate the F2 hypothesis, the F3 progenies were also tested under above described conditions and followed discrete segregation of 1 (R): 2 (Segregating): 1(S) ratio in all the four crosses. Test of allelism was also conducted to establish the identity of resistance gene(s) present in the resistant genotypes. The F2 population derived from DWRB137/DWRB143 (R × R) cross fit to 15(R):1(S) ratio showing that the two genotypes had different resistance genes.
Inheritance pattern of cold tolerance in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp.]
Authors: Raje R. S. , Prashat G. Rama , Durgesh Kumar , Joshi Rekha , Kumar Kuldeep , Gaikwad Kishor
Published: June 2021

Among all the abiotic stresses, cold is one of the important factor limiting crop productivity. Medium and late maturing varieties cover most of the cultivated area of pigeonpea and therefore the chances of facing cold/frost are prominently high. Northern parts of the country are witnessing very low temperature during the last fort night of December and first fortnight of January, which is conducive for frost injury and the susceptible lines exhibit frost symptoms. Screening of 302 germplasm/lines of pigeonpea comprising of varieties and advance materials against frost injury during the years 2016-2018 facilitated to identify tolerant and susceptible lines. One hundred and forty one lines did not show any injury symptom, whereas 120 were classified under score 1 and 17 lines showed moderate symptoms to frost injury. A highly frost tolerant (insensitive) line ICP 10509 was crossed to susceptible (sensitive) line ICP 11182 to study the nature of frost injury and mode of inheritance. The F1 hybrid showed tolerance to frost injury with 1-2 leaves showing little symptom (score 0-1) indicating dominance of the trait. The F2 population segregated into tolerant (216 plants) and susceptible individuals (91 plants) fit well into expected ratio of 3(T): 1(S) (P value = 0.06027) signifying that frost tolerance (insensitivity) is controlled by a single dominant gene. The proposed hypothesis was verified by backcross populations; B1 (F1 x ICP 11182) segregating into 1(T):1(S) ratio (P value = 0.1237), whereas, all the plants in B2 (F1 x ICP 10509) generation exhibited tolerance to frost injury. The identification of a single gene exhibiting tolerance to frost injury may be useful for developing frost tolerant genotypes.
Physiological traits reveal potential for identification of drought tolerant mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes under moderate soil-moisture deficit
Authors: Raina Susheel Kumar , Rane Jagadish , Raskar Nikhil , Singh Ajay Kumar , Singh Ajay Kumar , Govindasamy Venkadasamy , Kumar Mahesh , Ekatpure Sachin Chandrakant , Minhas Paramjit Singh
Published: June 2021

Canopy temperature is an important physiological trait used for screening drought tolerance in several crop plants. Mungbean being often exposed to post-flowering drought,we evaluated a set of 48 genotypes for variability in post-flowering canopy temperature and its association with root traits and other physiological parameters contributing to drought tolerance under soil-moisture deficit stress conditions. Overall, canopy temperature depression revealed significant association with seed yield. Root traits like number of lateral branches and dry root weight exhibited significant negative correlation with canopy temperature. Leaf SPAD readings were positively associated with grain yield and most of the high SPAD genotypes maintained hot canopies under drought. Some genotypes with contrasting variation in SPAD levels (DMG-1050 and SML-1628) maintained their photosystem PSII health at par. Moreover, cool canopy was no guarantee for better PSII health or vice versa. This study identified some cool canopy genotypes (VC-6173-C, IC-325770 and ML-2082) and a genotype (DMG-1050) with novel trait combinations like high SPAD and better PSII health despite high canopy temperature which can be used as donors in mungbean breeding programs. Present study explores genetic variation in these adaptation traits contributing to plant performance under soil-moisture deficit stress conditions and potential of physiological breeding approaches for genetic enhancement of this legume crop.
Agromorphological and molecular analysis discloses wide genetic variability in sunflower breeding lines from USDA, USA
Authors: Ramya K. T. , Reddy A. Vishnuvardhan , Sujatha M.
Published: June 2021

The present study investigates genetic divergence among 84 fertility restorers and 32 cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines of sunflower augmented from USDA, USA along with the popular Indian parental lines using simple sequence repeats (SSR). Thirty-nine polymorphic SSR primers produced 139 alleles with an average of 3.56 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.23 to 0.69 with an average of 0.45. The average genetic distance was 0.45 and 0.42 for the R and CMS lines, respectively. Dendrogram based on the dissimilarity coefficient matrix grouped the CMS and R lines into separate clusters except for Cluster A which consisted of all CMS lines along with five R lines. Genetic distance matrix estimated from three sets of mitochondrial primers (BOX, ERIC and REP) grouped the 32 CMS lines into eight clusters. The results suggest the existence of considerable genetic diversity among the restorer and CMS lines of sunflower obtained from USDA, USA.
Diversity in Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) germplasm for morphology, yield and molecular markers and their correlations
Authors: Takawale P. S. , Jade S. S. , Bahulikar R. A. , Desale J. S.
Published: June 2021

Lucerne is an important legume forage grown worldwide due to its high nutritive value, yield potential, quality and survival under highly contrasting environments. Estimation of genetic diversity in germplasm is an important criterion in breeding programme and is done based on phenotypic characters, biochemical and molecular markers. Thirty one accessions of Lucerne collected from Maharashtra and Gujarat were evaluated for morphological, yield characters, molecular markers and were compared with national check RL-88. The diversity analysis of morphological and yield characters indicated wide range of variation within the accessions. The accession RLG 08-1 recorded significant differences for plant height, number of tillers per plant, internodal length, green fodder, dry matter and crude protein yield (P 0.05) over RL-88. Green fodder yield was significantly correlated with plant height (0.72**), no. of tillers per plant (0.71**) and internodal length (0.71**). Dry matter yield was found significantly correlated with plant height, no. of tillers per plant, internodal length and crude protein yield (0.70**, 0.69**, 0.70** and 0.99**). Leaf stem ratio was not linearly correlated with green fodder, dry matter and crude protein yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the first two PCs contributed to 93.7% of total variance among the accessions. The accession RLG 08-1 was found superior among all the accessions. Thirteen Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) markers showed 82.8% polymorphism. The dendrogram revealed slight geographical structuring and RLG 08-1 was found genetically distinct from other accessions.Mantel correlation was not observed between morphological and yield characters as well as molecular markers.
Rectification of modified AMMI stability value (MASV)
Authors: Ajay B. C. , Aravind J. , Fiyaz R. Abdul , Kumar Narendra , Lal Chuni , Gangadhar K. , Kona Praveen , Dagla M. C. , Bera S. K.
Published: June 2021

Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis is widely used for analyzing data of multi-environment trials (METs) to model the genotype-by-environment interactions (GEIs). However, AMMI model do not rank genotypes which is required for aiding selection. In order to overcome these lacunae a stability index titled AMMI stability value (ASV) was proposed by Purchase et al. (1997) using first two interaction principal components (IPCA) from the results of AMMI analysis. Later, Zali et al. (2012) modified it and proposed Modified ASV (MASV) which used all significant IPCAs. However, Zali et al. (2012) read the original formula of ASV incorrectly while proposing MASV thus rendering it erroneous. Use of this erroneous MASV impacted genotype ranking significantly. Corrected version of MASV, i.e. MASV2 showed significant correlation with other stability models. Hence, we propose MASV2 as a correct formula for modified AMMI stability Value (MASV) and this correct version of MASV may be used instead of earlier formula proposed by Zali et al. (2012).
Genetic analysis and tagging of gene controlling fruit tubercles and fruit ridgeness pattern in bitter gourd using SSR markers
Authors: Rathod Vijayakumar , Behera T. K. , Gaikwad Ambika B. , Hussain Zakir
Published: June 2021

Thepresence of tubercles and pattern of ridges (continuous vs discontinuous) are important traits of bitter gourd which determine market price in India.The tuberculate fruits with broken or discontinuous ridges have more unit price than the non-tuberculate and continuous ridged fruits. In the present study, two different botanical varieties of Momordica charantia var. charantia (DBGS-2 and DBGS-54) and M. charantia var. muricata (DBGS-34) were used for inheritance study and molecular tagging of fruit tubercles and fruit ridgeness pattern. The findings revealed the monogenic control for both the traits. The bi-parental mapping populations (F2) were developed from the crosses DBGS-54×DBGS-34 and DBGS-2×DBGS- 34 for tagging of tuberculate (Tb) and continues ridgeness (cr) locus, using SSR markers. The single plant analysis of F2 population (derived from DBGS-54×DBGS-34) based on SSR markers found McSSR-20 was linked to fruit tubercles gene (Tb) at 12.50 cM and another SSR marker JY004 in the cross DBGS-2×DBGS-34 was found linked with fruit ridgeness pattern (cr) gene at a distance of 19.6cM. It is the first report of SSR markers linked to fruit tubercles and ridgeness which will be helpful further in fine mapping of these traits with more PCR based markers. These findings will help in differenciating the genotypes with tubercles and pattern of ridgeness at the early stage of the crop and can be used in accelerating trait specific breeding programme in bitter gourd.
Maternal inheritance for grain iron and zinc densities in pearl millet
Authors: Kanatti Anand , Govindaraj Mahalingam , Rai Kedar Nath , Rao Aluri S.
Published: June 2021

Genetic variation and inheritance of micronutrients in pearl millet has largely been studied in recent years as part of biofortification initiatives. In this study, maternal (reciprocal) effect on inheritance of grain Fe and Zn was studied using a set of diverse breeding material. Entries were paired for low and high for Fe density to produce direct and reciprocal crosses. Over two-seasons, Fe density among parents varied 31-64 mg kg–1 and Zn density varied 28-43 mg kg–1. Difference between each direct and reciprocal crosses for Fe (1 to 4 mg kg–1) and Zn (0 to 2 mg kg–1) were negligible and non-significant, hence cytoplasmic or maternal genes are not likely to modify inheritance of these traits. These results indicate that high Fe/Zn inbred can be used either as female or male parent in hybrid-parent breeding program.
GGE biplot analysis of genotype × environment interaction and identification of mega-environment for baby corn hybrids evaluation in India
Authors: Choudhary Mukesh , Kumar Bhupender , Kumar Pardeep , Guleria S. K. , Singh N. K. , Khulbe Rajesh , Kamboj M. C. , Vyas Mukesh , Srivastava R. K. , . Puttaramanaik , Swain Digbijaya , Mahajan Vinay , Rakshit Sujay
Published: June 2021

Baby corn has emerged as one of the most important sources to augment the farmer’s income in peri-urban areas. It has diverse uses as vegetables, snacks, value-added products and assured supply of green fodder for livestock. The multilocation varietal trials mainly emphasize on the identification of new superior cultivars over commercial checks, while genotype×environment interaction (GEI) is ignored. In the current study, 13 baby corn hybrids were evaluated for green ear yield, baby corn yield and green fodder yield over eight locations (environments) in kharif seasons of 2015 and 2016 using GGE biplot analysis. The results revealed a higher proportion of the variation in the data is attributable to the environment (72.4-87.0%), while genotype contributed only 2.5-7.3% of the total variation. GEI contributed 10.5-24.1% of the total variation. Superior stable hybrids for green ear yield, baby corn yield and green fodder yield could be identified using a biplot graphical approach effectively. ‘Which won where’ plot for each of the traits partitioned testing locations into three mega-environments with different winning genotypes for different traits in respective mega-environments. Thus it can be concluded that similar inferences can be drawn from one or two representatives of each mega-environment instead of using several locations. Hence, the presence of extensive crossover GEI in baby corn multi-location trials clearly suggests the need to emphasize on smaller zonation of testing locations and location-specific breeding. Particularly in baby corn, this is the first study on GGE biplot analysis to identify mega-environments for effective evaluation of baby corn trials.
Application of heterotic grouping, standard heterosis and per se performance in breeding high-yielding inbred and hybrid cultivars of pigeonpea
Authors: Shrikant L. , . Sawargaonkar , Saxena K. B.
Published: June 2021

A set of 102 hybrid combinations, developed by crossing three A4 CMS lines and 34 diverse testers, was evaluated to identify potential parental genotypes for breeding new high yielding cultivars. The hybrid combinations were assessed for their per se performance, standard heterosis and combining ability. Significant differences were recorded for parents versus hybrids for yield and its related traits, suggesting the presence of substantial heterotic responses. Highly significant GCA effects for yield were recorded within the female parents and testers. Relatively more number of hybrids involving ICPA 2092, as female parent, exhibited significant positive SCA values for yield, days to flower, plant height, primary branches, pods/plant, seed size and seeds/pod. A total of 45 hybrids recorded significant SCA effects for productivity. The yield superiority of hybrids over the inbred control cultivar ranged from -50.81 to 76.89%. Interestingly, 23 hybrids were also found superior to the first released pigeonpea hybrid ICPH 2671 by a margin of 5.48% to 64.31%. On the basis of their performance in hybrid combinations, the testers were classified into seven heterotic groups. The present study identified two CMS lines (ICPA 2092 and ICP 2043) and 13 testers including ICP 3525, ICPL 20196, BDN 2001-6 and BSMR 198 etc. as potential parental lines for use in breeding medium duration pigeonpea pure line and hybrid cultivars.
Identification and characterization of circular RNAs regulating genes responsible for drought stress tolerance in chickpea and soybean
Authors: Dasmandal Tanwy , Rao A. R. , Sahu Sarika
Published: June 2021

With the development of efficient algorithms, it has become feasible to unravel complex drought stress tolerance mechanism in leguminous crops. Even though the role of coding genes in drought stress tolerance mechanism is known to certain extent, the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like circular RNAs (circRNAs) is unknown in leguminous crops like chickpea and soybean. Hence, a study has been taken up to predict the circular RNAs from the transcriptomes of chickpea and soybean and to study the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions thereby identify the endogenous target mimics (eTMs). The in silico results revealed the presence of circRNAs in both the crop transcriptomes and their differential expressions under drought stress and control conditions. Besides, our findings showed three predicted eTMs where circRNAs acted as sponge for miRNAs that target genes like Glyma.18G065200.1 in soybean and XM_004517122, XM_027336693 in chickpea. The targeted genes are involved in various drought stress responsive mechanism through their activities in hormone signal transduction, response to stress, response to auxin and transcription factor activity.
Selection indices for enhanced selection efficiency in Indian mustard under terminal heat stress conditions
Authors: Sandhu Surinder K. , Singh Pritpal , Kaur Jasneet , Singh Manpreet , Kaur Karanveer
Published: June 2021

With global increase in temperature, terminal heat stress (THS) has emerged as a major challenge in food crops. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss), C3 plant, grows well at 15-20°C. Heat stress at seedling as well as at flowering stage leads to enhanced vegetative growth and flower abortion leading to loss in seed yield. Late sowing after cotton and rice harvest expose the crop to high temperature stress during reproductive stage of development. A fixed diversity stock of 486 Indian mustard lines were evaluated under delayed planting conditions to expose the crop to THS for two consecutive years. Selection indices were computed using four different combinations of traits via Kang_SAS Path computer program along with expected genetic advance (GA) at 5% selection intensity. Set1, comprised of five traits viz., plant height (PH), number of secondary branches (NSB), number of siliquae on main shoot (NSMS), seed yield (SY) and 1000-seed weight (TSW) were recorded the highest GA (8.612) in comparison to other trait combinations tested in present study. Other important finding was slight difference in GA of set I (8.612; SY included) and set II (8.599; SY excluded) with efficiency of selection index 131% and 130%, respectively. This recommended that in initial breeding generations (F2/F3), a breeder may base his selection on four yield related traits (PH, NSB, NSMS and TSW) only without significant loss in genetic gains. This will save resources and time of breeders to compute seed yield. This is the first report on computation of selection index for efficient simultaneous selection under THS in Indian mustard.
Mining new scab resistance alleles in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) germplasm of Kashmir: Towards breeding scab free apple cultivars
Authors: Dar Jahangir Ahmad , Zargar Sajad Majeed , Rather Rameez Nazir , Wani Aijaz A.
Published: June 2021

Apple an important fruit crop in Kashmir ranks first in all the fruits grown here. It is commercially the most important horticultural crop grown in temperate parts of the world. To control scab in Apple a lot of fungicides are being used however, an alternative approach to fungicide application is the use of scab resistant cultivars as a genetic stock. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more cultivars resistant to scab with maximum genes and can be used for apple breeding. In view of this, one hundred apple cultivars grown in Kashmir Valley were screened for the presence of Vf gene conferring resistance against apple scab. Eight trait linked markers were used so for and among them three markers like AL07, AM19, and CH05e03 proved to be useful to distinguish the resistant cultivars from the other apple germplasm. These three markers have amplified resistant fragments in five cultivars. Thus out of the total of 100 cultivars investigated in the present study, only five cultivars namely Shalimar I, Shalimar II, Dubhour, Gold Spur, and Crab apple were found to harbour resistant alleles which may be resistant to some of the races of V. inaequalis. Among the five cultivars harbouring the scab resistant alleles for some races of V. inaequalis, three cultivars namely, Shalimar I, Shalimar II, and Dubhour, which contain the maximum number of scab resistance alleles can be used as parents in further breeding programms to develop more resistant apple cultivars with high market acceptance.
Molecular tagging of a novel genetic locus linked to accumulation of lutein – A therapeutic carotenoid in rice grains
Authors: Raveendran M. , Valarmathi R.
Published: June 2021

Lutein is one of the major carotenoids in eye macula and its deficiency is attributed to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. Developing Lutein rich staple food crop will help in supplementing its requirement among rural people through regular diet. The present study was undertaken with a view to tag genetic loci controlling lutein accumulation in rice through Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA). Estimation of lutein content in the dehusked grains of selected 65 RILs revealed the normal distribution (1.14-285.62 μg/100gm) of lutein accumulation with a significance of p LESS THAN 0.041. Parental polymorphism survey using > 350 genome wide SSR markers detected 30.8% (108 SSR markers) polymorphism between Kavuni and CO 50 rice genotypes. BSA of extreme bulks containing contrasting levels of lutein along with the parents using the genome wide polymorphic SSR markers resulted in the identification of four SSR markers namely RM197 (3.0 Mb), RM204 (3.1 Mb), RM225 (3.4 Mb) and RM19442 (3.7Mb) on chromosome 6 showing clear association with the lutein content. Single-marker linear regression approach using the allelic pattern of all four markers in the region 3.0-3.7Mb showed significant association with lutein content. The regression analysis showed that the SSR markers in the region 3.0-3.7Mb linked QTL accounted for 35.9% of the genetic variation for lutein content.
Rapid method of screening for drought stress tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kumar Bhupender , Kumar Krishan , Jat Shankar Lal , Srivastava Shraddha , Tiwari Tanu , Kumar Sonu , . Meenakshi , Pradhan Hans Raj , Kumar Brijesh , Chaturvedi Garima , Jha Abhishek Kumar , Rakshit Sujay
Published: June 2021

Drought stress is the major production constraint in rainfed maize. Screening for drought tolerance is severely affected by the lack of a simple and reliable phenotyping technique. The objective of this study was to standardize a simple hydroponic based drought screening technique in maize. In this context, one week old uniform seedlings of 55 inbreds and 5 hybrids were transferred to hydroponic solution in the glass house. The seedlings were allowed to acclimatize for next one week in hydroponic solution. The drought stress was imposed by removing seedlings from nutrient solution and exposed to air for 6 and 4 hours daily for a period of 5 and 4 consecutive days in hybrids and inbreds, respectively. Data were recorded on all shoot and root parameters, and based on stress symptoms, a drought tolerance score was given to each genotype. The percent deductions in shoot and root fresh weight from non-stress to stress ranged from 11.7 to 84.4 and 2.1 to 77.5, respectively. Six inbred lines, namely, DQL790-4, CML334, CM140, CML422, CM125 and HKI488 and three hybrids namely DMRH1306, DMRH1410 and PMH4 were found drought tolerant. The effectiveness of this screening technique was compared and confirmed using pots screening as well as by expression profiling of key antioxidant genes (Sod2, Sod4, Sod9 and Apx1) playing role in drought stress tolerance. This phenotyping technique is very short, low cost and simple which can be utilized in preliminary drought screening for large set of maize germplasm and mapping populations.
Characterising the diversity of grain nutritional and physico-chemical quality in Indian rice landraces by multivariate genetic analyses
Authors: Bollinedi Haritha , Vinod K. K. , Bisht Karishma , Chauhan Archana , Krishnan S. Gopala , Bhowmick Prolay K. , Nagarajan M. , Rao D. Sanjeeva , Ellur R. K. , Singh A. K.
Published: June 2021

We evaluated a set of 190 genotypes for five grain-nutrient, five grain physico-chemical quality and four derived traits. Wide variability was observed for all the traits studied, with CV ranging from 9.33 to 51.89%. No correlation was observed between grain nutritional and physico-chemical quality traits. Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) content in brown rice showed significant positive correlation. Zn content in brown and polished rice showed significant association however, the Fe content in brown and polished rice did not show significant association. Two principal components each in grain nutritional and physico-chemical traits explained 73.15 % and 62.82 % of the total variation, respectively. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into two and three clusters on the basis of grain physico-chemical traits and nutritional traits, respectively. The study has led to the identification of promising donors for biofortification and grain quality improvement in rice.
Genotype x environments interactions for grain yield and its components in urdbean (Vigna mungo L Wilczek) under rainfed conditions of Jammu region
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Sharma J. P. , Kumar Anil , Choudhary H. K. , Singh A. P. , Sandghu Rubby , Gupta Rucku , Singh Manmohan , Singh Anjani Kumar
Published: June 2021

In the present study, AMMI approaches were used to analyse the genotype x environment interactions and stability under targeted environments. The analysis of stability parameters of seed yield/plant in 25 genotypes of urdbean (Vigna mungo L,) indicated that six genotypes namely, Mash 479, PLU 499-52, PU19, PLU-4158, Pant 31 and IPU2-43 showed regression coefficient greater than unity (b-1) with non-significant S2di values and higher mean values than population mean which exhibited their stability and adaptation to specific favorable environment only. Three genotypes, PU99, No. 13/11 and No.40 indicated that regression coefficient less than unity with higher mean values than population mean with non-significant deviation from the regression coefficient (S2di) and recommended for unfavorable environments. Mash 338 and IPU 96-1 are the most stable genotypes across the environments for seed yield/plant and 1000 seed weight, respectively. Environmental indices indicated that environment (E1) and environment (E2) were the most favorable for number of primary branches/plants, days to 50% flowering, plant height and seed yield/plant, whereas environment (E3) was favorable for pod length and number of seeds/pod. AMMI 1 model exhibited that E1 and E2 were the clustered in the same group and exhibited similar type of interaction for seed yield/plant. Genotypes, PLU4158, IPU96-1, Mash479, PLU499-52 and IPU2-43 exhibited high IPCA 1 scores along with high population mean. Based on AMMI 2 model, PLU4158, IPU96-1 and IPU96-6 exhibited high IPCA scores. The selected genotypes may be utilized in Vigna mungo improvement programme in targeted location with true type of breeding lines.