bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA-functionalized Pt nanoparticles as catalysts for chemically powered micromotors: toward signal-on motion-based DNA biosensor
Authors: Van Nguyen Khiem , Minteer Shelley D.
Published: February 2015

We present here the construction of a motion-based DNA sensor that only produces motion signal in the presence of the DNA target.
Industrial applications of nanoparticles
Authors: Stark W. J. , Stoessel P. R. , Wohlleben W. , Hafner A.
Published: February 2015

This tutorial review analyses where nanoparticle research has left the laboratory and today contributes to valuable products.
The preparation of Fe/wood-based activated carbon catalyst for phenol hydroxylation from Fe2+ and Fe3+ precursors
Authors: Yang Ruiguang , Li Guiying , Hu Changwei
Published: February 2015

Loading of Fe3+ and Fe2+ on wood-based activated carbon obtained Fe-based catalyst with good catalytic performance for phenol hydroxylation.
Characterisation and application of ultra-high spin clusters as magnetic resonance relaxation agents
Authors: Guthausen Gisela , Machado Julyana R. , Luy Burkhard , Baniodeh Amer , Powell Annie K. , Krämer Steffen , Ranzinger Florian , Herrling Maria P. , Lackner Susanne , Horn Harald
Published: February 2015

Highly paramagnetic coordination clusters with a {Fe10Ln10} core are used as NMR relaxation agents with a first application in a biofilm study.
Two types of nitrito support for μ4-oxido-bridged [Cu4] complexes: synthesis, crystal structures, magnetic properties and DFT analysis
Authors: Pait Moumita , Shatruk Michael , Lengyel Jeff , Gómez-Coca Silvia , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Bertolasi Valerio , Ray Debashis
Published: February 2015

In situ generated NO2− and externally added NO2− and AcO− ions have been utilized for the isolation of μ4-oxido-bridged Cu4 aggregates showing magnetic coupling which can be rationalized by DFT calculations.
Influence of the ligand frameworks on the coordination environment and properties of new phenylmercury(ii) β-oxodithioester complexes
Authors: Rajput Gunjan , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Drew Michael G. B. , Singh Nanhai
Published: February 2015

New luminescent PhHg(ii) dithioester complexes1–3have been synthesized and their crystal structures revealed O,S-coordination in1and2whereas less preferred S,S-coordination is observed in3. The keto-form of β-oxodithioester ligands is stabilized in these complexes.
Solvent-controlled three families of Zn(ii) coordination compounds: synthesis, crystal structure, solvent-induced structural transformation, supramolecular isomerism and photoluminescence
Authors: Han Lu-Lu , Hu Tuo-Ping , Mei Kai , Guo Zhi-Min , Yin Chen , Wang Ya-Xin , Zheng Jun , Wang Xing-Po , Sun Di
Published: February 2015

The assembly, topological structure, supramolecular isomerism and luminescence of three solvent-controlled families of Zn(ii) coordination compounds were reported here.
Synthesis of a cyclometalated 1,3,5-triphenylpyrazole palladium dimer and its activity towards cross coupling reactions
Authors: Mamidala Ramesh , Mukundam Vanga , Dhanunjayarao Kunchala , Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan
Published: February 2015

A phosphine free 1,3,5-triphenylpyrazole acetate-bridged palladacycle was prepared from simple commercially available starting materials.
A (3,6)-connected layer with an unprecedented adeninate nucleobase-derived heptanuclear disc
Authors: Liu Zheng-Yu , Zhang Hong-Yun , Yang En-Cui , Liu Zhong-Yi , Zhao Xiao-Jun
Published: February 2015

A (3,6)-connected layer with an adeninate nucleobase-derived CuII7 disc was reported, in which six spin-parallel CuII ions in the exterior of the disc are antiferromagnetically coupled with the central one to give an S = 5/2 ground-state.
Efficient syntheses of substituted (±)-3-oxoisoindoline-1-carbonitriles and carboxamides using OSU-6
Authors: Nammalwar Baskar , Muddala Nagendra Prasad , Murie Maeghan , Bunce Richard A.
Published: February 2015

A tunable synthesis of substituted oxoisoindolines is reported using OSU-6, a modified MCM-41 type hexagonal mesoporous silica catalyst.
Non-equilibrium electrokinetic micromixer with 3D nanochannel networks
Authors: Choi Eunpyo , Kwon Kilsung , Lee Seung Jun , Kim Daejoong , Park Jungyul
Published: February 2015

An active micromixer having 3D nanochannel networks constructed from a spatially controlled nanoparticle assembly is proposed. It induces vortex generation due to non-equilibrium electrokinetics near the NCNM that allow a large effective interfacing area.
Poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer based shell or core cross-linked micelles for controlled release of hydrophobic drug
Authors: Li Junjie , Guo Shuangzhuang , Wang Min , Ye Lei , Yao Fanglian
Published: February 2015

The syntheses, structures, and drug release behavior of shell or core cross-linked poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer micelles.
A dislocation core in titanium dioxide and its electronic structure
Authors: Sun Rong , Wang Zhongchang , Shibata Naoya , Ikuhara Yuichi
Published: February 2015

We provide a direct atomic-resolution imaging of the core structure of a dislocation in technologically important TiO2 and predict that every individual impurity-free dislocation exhibits electric conductivity in an otherwise insulating TiO2.
High performance composite polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion polymer cells composed of a graphite negative electrode and LiFePO4 positive electrode
Authors: Lee Yoon-Sung , Shin Won-Kyung , Kim Jung Soo , Kim Dong-Won
Published: February 2015

A lithium-ion polymer cell assembled with a composite polymer electrolyte containing optimized core–shell SiO2 particles exhibited good cycling performance.
Photocatalytic performance of Ag2S under irradiation with visible and near-infrared light and its mechanism of degradation
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wu Zhaomei , Yue Xiaoning , Yuan Shaojun , Lu Houfang , Liang Bin
Published: February 2015

Ag2S has only rarely been investigated as a photocatalyst on its own, although it has been widely used as an important component of composite photocatalysts.
A simple label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor for highly sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1based on CdS–Fe3O4magnetic nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Yixin , Yan Tao , Li Yueyun , Cao Wei , Pang Xuehui , Wu Dan , Wei Qin
Published: February 2015

A simple label-free photoelectrochemical (PEC) platform was developed based on magnetic CdS–Fe3O4nanocomposites and used for detection of aflatoxin B1(AFB1).
Nitrate uptake using mesoporous silica embedded with zero-valent palladium nanoparticles
Authors: Tong Chee Ling , Eroglu Ela , Duan Xiaofei , Lamb Robert N. , Jarrett Kevin , Buckley Craig E. , Raston Colin L.
Published: February 2015

In situ reduction of palladium(ii) acetylacetonate during the synthesis of SBA-15 mesoporous silica affords material impregnated with palladium nanoparticles, with the material being effective for nitrate-nitrogen removal.
Quantum dot-assembled mesoporous CuO nanospheres based on laser ablation in water
Authors: He Hui , Dong Jing , Li Kai , Zhou Min , Xia Weiwei , Shen Xiaoshuang , Han Jiurong , Zeng Xianghua , Cai Weiping
Published: February 2015

CuO quantum dot-assembled nanospheres are fabricated by laser ablation of Cu plates in water.
Photoinduced dynamics of a cyanine dye: parallel pathways of non-radiative deactivation involving multiple excited-state twisted transients
Authors: Upadhyayula Srigokul , Nuñez Vicente , Espinoza Eli M. , Larsen Jillian M. , Bao Duoduo , Shi Dewen , Mac Jenny T. , Anvari Bahman , Vullev Valentine I.
Published: February 2015

A photoexcited cyanine dye deactivatesviamultiple non-radiative pathways, only one of which is principally responsible for quenching its fluorescence.
Probing plasmonic nanostructures by photons and electrons
Authors: Kneipp Katrin , Kneipp Harald , Kneipp Janina
Published: February 2015

Exploiting photons and electrons opens up exciting new capabilities to study complex plasmonic nanostructures and related local fields.
Photo-induced bending in a light-activated polymer laminated composite
Authors: Mu Xiaoming , Sowan Nancy , Tumbic Julia A. , Bowman Christopher N. , Mather Patrick T. , Qi H. Jerry
Published: February 2015

Photo-induced bending was achieved for a free-standing tri-layer polymeric composite by laminating a pre-stressed intermediate layer with light activated polymers and photo-triggered stress relaxation on one of the two side layers, allowing significant bending.
Molecular architecture requirements for polymer-grafted lignin superplasticizers
Authors: Gupta Chetali , Sverdlove Madeline J. , Washburn Newell R.
Published: February 2015

Superplasticizers are a class of anionic polymer dispersants used to inhibit aggregation in hydraulic cement. We demonstrate that polymer-grafted lignin can be a highly effective superplasticizer when the molecular architecture is based on a lignin core with a hydrophilic polymer corona.
Determining a membrane's shear modulus, independent of its area-dilatation modulus, via capsule flow in a converging micro-capillary
Authors: Dimitrakopoulos P. , Kuriakose S.
Published: February 2015

Based on computational modeling, we develop a new methodology to determine a membrane's shear modulus, independent of its area-dilatation modulus, via capsule flow in a converging microcapillary.
Dehydrogenation: a simple route to modulate magnetism and spatial charge distribution of germanane
Authors: Zhou Yungang , Liu Kezhao , Xiao Haiyan , Xiang Xia , Nie Jinlan , Li Sean , Huang He , Zu Xiaotao
Published: February 2015

Both magnetism and charge distribution of germanane can be effectively modulatedviaa simple dehydrogenating process.
Aqueous-based synthesis of gallium tungsten oxide thin film dielectrics
Authors: Oleksak Richard P. , Stickle William F. , Herman Gregory S.
Published: February 2015

Gallium tungsten oxide thin films formed from a single aqueous precursor. The highly controllable metal content allowed for fine-tuning of film dielectric and optical properties.
[(Li0.8Fe0.2)OH]FeS and the ferromagnetic superconductors [(Li0.8Fe0.2)OH]Fe(S1−xSex) (0 < x ≤ 1)
Authors: Pachmayr U. , Johrendt D.
Published: February 2015

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism coexist in the iron chalcogenides [(Li0.8Fe0.2)OH]Fe(S1−xSex) until substitution of sulphur for selenium suppresses superconductivity while ferromagnetism persists.
Selective biomineralization of Co3(PO4)2-sponges triggered by His-tagged proteins: efficient heterogeneous biocatalysts for redox processes
Authors: López-Gallego Fernando , Yate Luis
Published: February 2015

Heterogeneous redox biocatalyts fabricated by mineralization of cobalt phosphate triggered by His-tag enzymes.
A new mode for highly sensitive and specific detection of DNA based on exonuclease III-assisted target recycling amplification and mismatched catalytic hairpin assembly
Authors: Tao Chenyang , Yan Yurong , Xiang Hua , Zhu Dan , Cheng Wei , Ju Huangxian , Ding Shijia
Published: February 2015

Schematic representation of the designed strategy for target DNA detection.
Characterizing protein modifications by reactive metabolites using magnetic bead bioreactors and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Dandan , Fu You-Jun , Rusling James F.
Published: February 2015

A label-free metabolite–protein adduct detection and identification method was developed using magnetic beads coated with metabolic enzymes as bioreactors to generate metabolite–protein adducts for LC-MS/MS analysis.
Triple helix conformation-specific blinking of Cy3 in DNA
Authors: Kawai Kiyohiko , Maruyama Atsushi
Published: February 2015

We report that Cy3 undergoes triple helix conformation-specific blinking in DNA.
Hydrazide macrocycles as effective transmembrane channels for ammonium
Authors: Xin Pengyang , Zhang Liang , Su Pei , Hou Jun-Li , Li Zhan-Ting
Published: February 2015

The cavity of aromatic hydrazide macrocycles is tuned by appended Phe peptide chains to form deformable channels for efficient transport of NH4+.
A thiacalix[4]crown based chemosensor for Zn2+ and H2PO4−: sequential logic operations at the molecular level
Authors: Sharma Neetu , Reja Shahi Imam , Bhalla Vandana , Kumar Manoj
Published: February 2015

A thiacalix[4]crown based di topic receptor 3 has been synthesized which shows negative allosteric behaviour between Zn2+/K+ ions. Further, 3-Zn2+ complex has been used for detection of H2PO4−.
Iminoborylene complexes: evaluation of synthetic routes towards BN-allenylidenes and unexpected reactivity towards carbodiimides
Authors: Niemeyer J. , Kelly M. J. , Riddlestone I. M. , Vidovic D. , Aldridge S.
Published: February 2015

The iminoborylene complex [CpFe(PCy3)(CO)(BNCMes2)]+ undergoes MB metathesis reactivity with carbodiimides, resulting in FeB cleavage and the formation of isonitrile complexes.
Lanthanide hydroxide ribbons assembled in a 2D network: slow relaxation of the magnetization in the dysprosium(iii) complex
Authors: Ma Xiaozhou , Xu Na , Gao Chen , Li Leilei , Wang Bingwu , Shi Wei , Cheng Peng
Published: February 2015

Infinite lanthanide hydroxide ribbons were successfully assembled in 2D networks, among which the dysprosium(iii) complex shows slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Structure evolution in “114” oxides CaBaZn2Ga2−xAlxO7 (x = 0, 1, 2) and layered cationic ordering in tetrahedral sites for CaBaZn2Al2O7
Authors: Jiang Pengfei , Gao Wenliang , Cong Rihong , Yang Tao
Published: February 2015

With Al3+ substitution, a layered type cationic ordering was observed in CaBaZn2Al2O7, where all the T1-sites were occupied by Al3+.
Serum metabolomics reveals that arsenic exposure disrupted lipid and amino acid metabolism in rats: a step forward in understanding chronic arsenic toxicity
Authors: Wang Xiaoxue , Mu Xiaoli , Zhang Jie , Huang Qingyu , Alamdar Ambreen , Tian Meiping , Liu Liangpo , Shen Heqing
Published: February 2015

Chronic arsenic exposure induces metabolome disruption in rat.
An electrochemical sensor based on rhodamine B hydrazide-immobilized graphene oxide for highly sensitive and selective detection of Cu(ii)
Authors: Kang Mengmeng , Peng Donglai , Zhang Yuanchang , Yang Yanqin , He Linghao , Yan Fufeng , Sun Shumin , Fang Shaoming , Wang Peiyuan , Zhang Zhihong
Published: February 2015

A novel Cu2+sensor based on rhodamine B hydrazide (RBH)-immobilized graphene oxide (GO) was fabricated and estimated to be a detection limit of 0.061 nM for Cu2+detection.
Transition-metal-free decarboxylation of dimethyl malonate: an efficient construction of α-amino acid esters using TBAI/TBHP
Authors: Zhang Jie , Shao Ying , Wang Yaxiong , Li Huihuang , Xu Dongmei , Wan Xiaobing
Published: February 2015

A new strategy has been developed for the synthesis of α-amino acid esters via a tandem hydrolysis/decarboxylation/nucleophilic substitution using TBAI/TBHP.
Hydrophobically driven twist sense bias of hollow helical foldamers of aromatic hydrazide polymers in water
Authors: Guo Rong , Zhang Liang , Wang Hui , Zhang Dan-Wei , Li Zhan-Ting
Published: February 2015

Aromatic hydrazide polymers bearingS-chiral tetraethylene glycol chains can fold into M hollow helices in water driven by the hydrophobicity.
Synthesis and properties of chemiluminescent acridinium esters with different N-alkyl groups
Authors: Wang Shenliang , Natrajan Anand
Published: February 2015

Acridinium esters containingN-alkyl groups with charge-neutral sulfobetaine zwitterions when compared toN-sulfopropyl groups exhibit faster light emission, improved chemiluminescence stability and lower non-specific binding.
Investigation of thresholds in laser-induced carbonization of sumanene derivatives through in situ observation utilizing a Raman spectroscope
Authors: Inada Yuhi , Amaya Toru , Hirao Toshikazu
Published: February 2015

A practical and useful method was proposed and demonstrated through in situ observation utilizing a Raman spectroscope to systematically investigate the energy thresholds in the laser-induced carbonization of the compounds including sumanene derivatives.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of non-glucose glycoconjugated N-hydroyxindole class LDH inhibitors as anticancer agents
Authors: Di Bussolo Valeria , Calvaresi Emilia C. , Granchi Carlotta , Del Bino Linda , Frau Ileana , Dasso Lang Maria Chiara , Tuccinardi Tiziano , Macchia Marco , Martinelli Adriano , Hergenrother Paul J. , Minutolo Filippo
Published: February 2015

Conjugation ofN-hydroxyindole (NHI)-based LDH inhibitors to monosaccharide portions reveals that, among this series, α-d-mannose-NHI conjugate possesses the best properties in cancer cellular assays in terms of both antiglycolytic and antiproliferative activity.
Morphological optimization of large-area arrays of TiO2 nanowires & nanotubes for enhanced cold field emission: experiment and theory
Authors: Choi Mingi , Zhang Zhuo , Chen Jingkun , Deng Zexiang , Yong Kijung
Published: February 2015

Designed by finite elemental modelling, large-area arrays of TiO2 nanowires and nanotubes with differentiated heights mixed together are synthesized on a planar Ti wafer via hydrothermal methods.
Layer-stacked cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) mesoporous platelets for high-performance lithium ion battery anodes
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Li Wenyue , Zou Rujia , Kang Wenpei , San Chui Ying , Yuen Muk Fung , Lee Chun-Sing , Zhang Wenjun
Published: February 2015

Layer-stacked CoFe2O4mesoporous platelets were synthesized and applied as anode materials for LIBs. The thickness of the platelets was demonstrated to have a strong impact on the specific capacity and stability of LIBs.
Electro-stimulated release from a reduced graphene oxide composite hydrogel
Authors: Mac Kenna Nicky , Calvert Paul , Morrin Aoife , Wallace Gordon G. , Moulton Simon E.
Published: February 2015

Composite hydrogel containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) demonstrating the ability to perform electro-stimulated controlled release.
Bromo induced reversible distinct color switching of a structurally simple donor–acceptor molecule by vapo, piezo and thermal stimuli
Authors: Rajamalli Pachaiyappan , Gandeepan Parthasarathy , Huang Min-Jie , Cheng Chien-Hong
Published: February 2015

Structurally simple donor–acceptor molecule TAAB shows reversible multiple emission switching in the solid state by various external stimuli; the intermolecular interactions of C and H with the Br group play the key roles in this tunable emission system.
DJ1 represses glycolysis and cell proliferation by transcriptionally up-regulatingpink1
Authors: Requejo-Aguilar Raquel , Lopez-Fabuel Irene , Jimenez-Blasco Daniel , Fernandez Emilio , Almeida Angeles , Bolaños Juan P.
Published: February 2015

Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from DJ1-knockout mice, in the present study, we show that DJ1, by binding with Foxo3a (forkhead box O3a), transcriptionally activates pink1 (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10-induced protein kinase-1) gene. Moreover, we demonstrate that, by promoting pink1 expression, DJ1 represses the rate of glycolysis and cell proliferation.
Synthesis and growth mechanism of whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals by an easy and environmentally hospitable non‐aqueous ionic liquid method
Authors: Wang Wenzhong , Wang Jun , Deng Ao , Wang Lijuan , Shi Honglong , Liang Yujie
Published: February 2015

An environmentally hospitable NaCl non‐aqueous ionic liquid method has been employed to prepare single crystalline whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals, which were synthesised by annealing a ground mixture of H3BO3, MgCl2 ·6H2O, NaCl and surfactant nonylphenyl ether (9) at 850°C for 2 h. The systemically comparative experiments have been performed to understand the formation mechanism of whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals. The results demonstrated that both non‐aqueous ionic liquid and nonylphenyl ether (9) played vital roles in the formation of whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals. Based on the experimental results and analysis, a reasonable growth mechanism of whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals is proposed. This reported work opens up a relative low‐temperature strategy for the synthesis of single crystalline whisker‐like Mg2B2O5 crystals.
Biomechanical Determination of Distal Level for Fusions across the Cervicothoracic Junction
Authors: Cheng Ivan , Sundberg Eric B. , Iezza Alex , Lindsey Derek P. , Riew K. Daniel
Published: February 2015

Study Design

In vitro testing.

Objective

To determine whether long cervical and cervicothoracic fusions increase the intradiscal pressure at the adjacent caudal disk and to determine which thoracic end vertebra causes the least increase in the adjacent-level intradiscal pressure.

Methods

A bending moment was applied to six cadaveric cervicothoracic spine specimens with intact rib cages. Intradiscal pressures were recorded from C7–T1 to T9–10 before and after simulated fusion by anterior cervical plating and posterior thoracic pedicle screw constructs. The changes in the intradiscal pressure from baseline were calculated and compared.

Results

No significant differences where found when the changes of the juxtafusion intradiscal pressure at each level were compared for the flexion, extension, and left and right bending simulations. However, combining the pressures for all directions of bending at each level demonstrated a decrease in the pressures at the T2–T3 level. Exploratory analysis comparing changes in the pressure at T2–T3 to other levels showed a significant decrease in the pressures at this level ( p = 0.005).

Conclusions

Based on the combined intradiscal pressures alone it may be advantageous to end long constructs spanning the cervicothoracic junction at the T2 level if there are no other mitigating factors.
Development of compact rapid charging power supply for capacitive energy storage in pulsed power drivers
Authors: Sharma Surender Kumar , Shyam Anurag
Published: February 2015

High energy capacitor bank is used for primary electrical energy storage in pulsed power drivers. The capacitors used in these pulsed power drivers have low inductance, low internal resistance, and less dc life, so it has to be charged rapidly and immediately discharged into the load. A series resonant converter based 45 kV compact power supply is designed and developed for rapid charging of the capacitor bank with constant charging current up to 150 mA. It is short circuit proof, and zero current switching technique is used to commute the semiconductor switch. A high frequency resonant inverter switching at 10 kHz makes the overall size small and reduces the switching losses. The output current of the power supply is limited by constant on-time and variable frequency switching control technique. The power supply is tested by charging the 45 kV/1.67 μF and 15 kV/356 μF capacitor banks. It has charged the capacitor bank up to rated voltage with maximum charging current of 150 mA and the average charging rate of 3.4 kJ/s. The output current of the power supply is limited by reducing the switching frequency at 5 kHz, 3.3 kHz, and 1.7 kHz and tested with 45 kV/1.67 μF capacitor bank. The protection circuit is included in the power supply for over current, under voltage, and over temperature. The design details and the experimental testing results of the power supply for resonant current, output current, and voltage traces of the power supply with capacitive, resistive, and short circuited load are presented and discussed.
Bloch-Redfield equations for modeling light-harvesting complexes
Authors: Jeske Jan , Ing David J. , Plenio Martin B. , Huelga Susana F. , Cole Jared H.
Published: February 2015

We challenge the misconception that Bloch-Redfield equations are a less powerful tool than phenomenological Lindblad equations for modeling exciton transport in photosynthetic complexes. This view predominantly originates from an indiscriminate use of the secular approximation. We provide a detailed description of how to model both coherent oscillations and several types of noise, giving explicit examples. All issues with non-positivity are overcome by a consistent straightforward physical noise model. Herein also lies the strength of the Bloch-Redfield approach because it facilitates the analysis of noise-effects by linking them back to physical parameters of the noise environment. This includes temporal and spatial correlations and the strength and type of interaction between the noise and the system of interest. Finally, we analyze a prototypical dimer system as well as a 7-site Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex in regards to spatial correlation length of the noise, noise strength, temperature, and their connection to the transfer time and transfer probability.
Bound states for two dimensional Schrödinger equation with anisotropic interactions localized on a circle
Authors: de Prunelé E.
Published: February 2015

Bound states for two dimensional Schrödinger equation with anisotropic interactions λrδρ−rwφ localized on a circle of radius r are considered. λ is a global parameter with energy as dimension. ρ and φ are radial and angular coordinates. The Dirac distribution δ localizes the interaction on the circle. wφ measures the interaction at angle φ on the circle. A general method for determination of energies, mean values of different operators, normalized wave functions both in configuration space and momentum space is given. This method is applied to two cases. First case: wφ=cosφ, λ ≠ 0. Second case: wφ=1/a+cosφ, a > 1, and λ < 0. For the first case, the following results are obtained. Let the positive zeros jν,n > 0 of Bessel function Jνz be numbered by integer n in increasing order, starting with n = 1 for the smallest zero. Define jν,0 = 0. Let j1,ℓ and j0,k be the greatest values, which are smaller than λMr2/ħ2, with M the mass. Then, the dimension of the vector space generated by even bound states is ℓ + 1, and the one generated by odd bound states is k. For the second case, let k be the greatest positive or zero integer, which is smaller than −λMr2/ħ2a2−1. Then, the dimension of the vector space generated by even bound states is k + 1, and the one generated by odd bound states is k.
The fundamental rotational interval of para-H2+ by MQDT-assisted Rydberg spectroscopy of H2
Authors: Haase Christa , Beyer Maximilian , Jungen Christian , Merkt Frédéric
Published: February 2015

Transitions from selected nd Rydberg states of H2 to n′p/f Rydberg series converging on the lowest two (N+ = 0 and 2) rotational levels of the X+ 2Σg+ (v+ = 0) ground state of para-H2+ have been measured in the range 1-7.4 THz using a laser-based, pulsed, narrow-band source of submillimeter-wave radiation. The analysis of the spectra by multichannel quantum-defect theory (MQDT) has allowed a complete interpretation of the fine structures of the Rydberg series and their dependence on the principal quantum number. The extrapolation of the series to their limits with MQDT has enabled the determination of the first rotational interval of para-H2+, which is 174.236 71(7) cm−1 (5 223 485.1(2.3) MHz).
Sensitivity enhancement of surface thermal lens technique with a short-wavelength probe beam: Experiment
Authors: Zhang Xiaorong , Li Bincheng
Published: February 2015

Surface thermal lens is a highly sensitive photothermal technique to measure low absorption losses of various solid materials. In such applications, the sensitivity of surface thermal lens is a key parameter for measuring extremely low absorption. In this paper, we experimentally investigated the influence of probe beam wavelength on the sensitivity of surface thermal lens for measuring the low absorptance of optical laser components. Three probe lasers with wavelength 375 nm, 633 nm, and 1570 nm were used, respectively, to detect the surface thermal lens amplitude of a highly reflective coating sample excited by a cw modulated Gaussian beam at 1064 nm. The experimental results showed that the maximum amplitude of surface thermal lens signal obtained at corresponding optimized detection distance was inversely proportional to the wavelength of the probe beam, as predicted by previous theoretical model. The sensitivity of surface thermal lens could, therefore, be improved by detecting surface thermal lens signal with a short-wavelength probe beam.
Fermi orbital derivatives in self-interaction corrected density functional theory: Applications to closed shell atoms
Authors: Pederson Mark R.
Published: February 2015

A recent modification of the Perdew-Zunger self-interaction-correction to the density-functional formalism has provided a framework for explicitly restoring unitary invariance to the expression for the total energy. The formalism depends upon construction of Löwdin orthonormalized Fermi-orbitals which parametrically depend on variational quasi-classical electronic positions. Derivatives of these quasi-classical electronic positions, required for efficient minimization of the self-interaction corrected energy, are derived and tested, here, on atoms. Total energies and ionization energies in closed-shell singlet atoms, where correlation is less important, using the Perdew-Wang 1992 Local Density Approximation (PW92) functional, are in good agreement with experiment and non-relativistic quantum-Monte-Carlo results albeit slightly too low.
Long term stabilities of magnetic tape for data storage in office environment
Authors: Katayama Kazutoshi , Chinda Yuka , Shimizu Osamu , Goto Yasutomo , Suzuki Mayumi , Noguchi Hitoshi
Published: February 2015

The long-term stability of magnetic particulate tapes was investigated using two formats of metal data cartridge tapes for data backup, both of which had been stored in a typical office environment for more than a decade. A more modern barium ferrite data cartridge tape was also used. Analysis by a vibrating sample magnetometer, surface roughness analyzer and friction tester were used to ascertain the magnetic and tribological properties, while gel permeation chromatography, gas chromatography were employed to analyze the stability of organic materials such as binder polymers and lubricants. The magnetic and tribological performance remained stable. Moreover, the degradation of organic materials was found to be less in the data cartridge tapes that were launched after the 2000s, including the more modern barium ferrite data cartridge tapes. These results confirm the long-term stability of data cartridge tapes, indicating a longevity that is in excess of 25 years.
Quantum nonlocal effects on optical properties of spherical nanoparticles
Authors: Moradi Afshin
Published: February 2015

To study the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a spherical metallic nanoparticle with quantum spatial dispersion, we develop the standard nonlocal Mie theory by allowing for the excitation of the quantum longitudinal plasmon modes. To describe the quantum nonlocal effects, we use the quantum longitudinal dielectric function of the system. As in the standard Mie theory, the electromagnetic fields are expanded in terms of spherical vector wavefunctions. Then, the usual Maxwell boundary conditions are imposed plus the appropriate additional boundary conditions. Examples of calculated extinction spectra are presented, and it is found that the frequencies of the subsidiary peaks, due to quantum bulk plasmon excitations exhibit strong dependence on the quantum spatial dispersion.
Single-cell printing based on impedance detection
Authors: Schoendube J. , Wright D. , Zengerle R. , Koltay P.
Published: February 2015

Label-free isolation of single cells is essential for the growing field of single-cell analysis. Here, we present a device which prints single living cells encapsulated in free-flying picoliter droplets. It combines inkjet printing and impedance flow cytometry. Droplet volume can be controlled in the range of 500 pl–800 pl by piezo actuator displacement. Two sets of parallel facing electrodes in a 50 μm × 55 μm channel are applied to measure the presence and velocity of a single cell in real-time. Polystyrene beads with <5% variation in diameter generated signal variations of 12%–17% coefficients of variation. Single bead efficiency (i.e., printing events with single beads vs. total number of printing events) was 73% ± 11% at a throughput of approximately 9 events/min. Viability of printed HeLa cells and human primary fibroblasts was demonstrated by culturing cells for at least eight days.
Emission properties and back-bombardment for CeB6 compared to LaB6
Authors: Bakr Mahmoud , Kawai M. , Kii T. , Zen H. , Masuda K. , Ohgaki H.
Published: February 2015

The emission properties of CeB6 compared to LaB6 thermionic cathodes have been measured using an electrostatic DC gun. Obtaining knowledge of the emission properties is the first step in understanding the back-bombardment effect that limits wide usage of thermionic radio-frequency electron guns. The effect of back-bombardment electrons on CeB6 compared to LaB6 was studied using a numerical simulation model. The results show that for 6 μs pulse duration with input radio-frequency power of 8 MW, CeB6 should experience 14% lower temperature increase and 21% lower current density rise compared to LaB6. We conclude that CeB6 has the potential to become the future replacement for LaB6 thermionic cathodes in radio-frequency electron guns.
Enhancing sensitivity and specificity in rare cell capture microdevices with dielectrophoresis
Authors: Smith James P. , Huang Chao , Kirby Brian J.
Published: February 2015

The capture and subsequent analysis of rare cells, such as circulating tumor cells from a peripheral blood sample, has the potential to advance our understanding and treatment of a wide range of diseases. There is a particular need for high purity (i.e., high specificity) techniques to isolate these cells, reducing the time and cost required for single-cell genetic analyses by decreasing the number of contaminating cells analyzed. Previous work has shown that antibody-based immunocapture can be combined with dielectrophoresis (DEP) to differentially isolate cancer cells from leukocytes in a characterization device. Here, we build on that work by developing numerical simulations that identify microfluidic obstacle array geometries where DEP–immunocapture can be used to maximize the capture of target rare cells, while minimizing the capture of contaminating cells. We consider geometries with electrodes offset from the array and parallel to the fluid flow, maximizing the magnitude of the resulting electric field at the obstacles' leading and trailing edges, and minimizing it at the obstacles' shoulders. This configuration attracts cells with a positive DEP (pDEP) response to the leading edge, where the shear stress is low and residence time is long, resulting in a high capture probability; although these cells are also repelled from the shoulder region, the high local fluid velocity at the shoulder minimizes the impact on the overall transport and capture. Likewise, cells undergoing negative DEP (nDEP) are repelled from regions of high capture probability and attracted to regions where capture is unlikely. These simulations predict that DEP can be used to reduce the probability of capturing contaminating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (using nDEP) from 0.16 to 0.01 while simultaneously increasing the capture of several pancreatic cancer cell lines from 0.03–0.10 to 0.14–0.55, laying the groundwork for the experimental study of hybrid DEP–immunocapture obstacle array microdevices.
Impact of acceptor concentration on electrical properties and density of interface states of 4H-SiC n-metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors studied by Hall effect
Authors: Ortiz G. , Strenger C. , Uhnevionak V. , Burenkov A. , Bauer A. J. , Pichler P. , Cristiano F. , Bedel-Pereira E. , Mortet V.
Published: February 2015

Silicon carbide n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with different p-body acceptor concentrations were characterized by Hall effect. Normally OFF MOSFETs with good transfer characteristics and low threshold voltage were obtained with a peak mobility of ∼145 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the lowest acceptor concentration. The results are explained in terms of an increase of Coulomb scattering centers when increasing the background doping. These scattering centers are associated to fixed oxide and trapped interface charges. Additionally, the observed mobility improvement is not related to a decrease of the interface states density as a function of background doping.
Insertion of a thin highly doped crystalline layer in silicon heterojunction solar cells: Simulation and perspectives towards a highly efficient cell concept
Authors: Carrere T. , Varache R. , Muñoz D. , Kleider J. P.
Published: February 2015

An emerging cell concept based on silicon heterojunctions called hetero-homojunction is investigated by means of numerical simulations. Compared to the usual amorphous/crystalline silicon (a-Si:H/c-Si) heterojunction architecture, the hetero-homojunction cell contains an additional thin and highly doped (p+)- or (n+)- c-Si layer at the front or back (i)a-Si:H/(n)c-Si interface, respectively. In this paper, we show the dependence of solar cell performance on the additional heavily doped c-Si layer parameters (thickness and doping) and a-Si:H/c-Si interface properties. Insertion of the (p+)c-Si improves the cell power conversion efficiency by almost 1% absolute and lowers its sensitivity to a-Si:H/c-Si interface defects. Improved field effect passivation leading to higher open circuit voltage and fill factor is evidenced and the added layer is optimized with regard to hetero-homojunction cell efficiency. The (n+)c-Si layer addition also decreases the recombination rate at the back hetero-interface but does not improve significantly the conversion efficiency. The latter result is finally discussed.
Tailoring a psychophysical discrimination experiment upon assessment of the psychometric function: Predictions and results
Authors: Vilardi Andrea , Tabarelli Davide , Ricci Leonardo
Published: February 2015

Decision making is a widespread research topic and plays a crucial role in neuroscience as well as in other research and application fields of, for example, biology, medicine and economics. The most basic implementation of decision making, namely binary discrimination, is successfully interpreted by means of signal detection theory (SDT), a statistical model that is deeply linked to physics. An additional, widespread tool to investigate discrimination ability is the psychometric function, which measures the probability of a given response as a function of the magnitude of a physical quantity underlying the stimulus. However, the link between psychometric functions and binary discrimination experiments is often neglected or misinterpreted. Aim of the present paper is to provide a detailed description of an experimental investigation on a prototypical discrimination task and to discuss the results in terms of SDT. To this purpose, we provide an outline of the theory and describe the implementation of two behavioural experiments in the visual modality: upon the assessment of the so-called psychometric function, we show how to tailor a binary discrimination experiment on performance and decisional bias, and to measure these quantities on a statistical base. Attention is devoted to the evaluation of uncertainties, an aspect which is also often overlooked in the scientific literature.
Spatial practices and narratives
Authors: García Agustín Óscar , Aguirre Díaz Félix J.
Published: February 2015

The Chilean students’ rebellion emerged in 2011 within the wave of global protests. Even though it is an organized movement, with roots in a specific historical context, it shares with the global movement the use of new media technologies, the appropriation of public spaces, and the concern for democracy and equality. The movement deploys flexible forms of organization and mobilization such as flash mobs, in the case analyzed in this article, the GenkiDama for Education. The students create a narrative based on the famous Manga series Dragon Ball Z to reframe the conflict between students and government. As Manga fans, they open up participation to other less politically defined identities. The flash mob moment works as a communicative event in which the narrative is put into place and strengthens a sense of community in the streets of Santiago de Chile. To analyze the connections between the fictional narrative of Manga and the use of the public space, we draw on Michel de Certeau’s theory on spatial practices and the function of stories and place/space. Spatial practices during the flash mob challenge the social and spatial order in order to represent a symbolic victory of the students over the political system.
Pin(2)-Equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer homology and the Triangulation Conjecture
Authors: Manolescu Ciprian
Published: February 2015

We define

Pin
⁡
(
2
)

\operatorname {Pin}(2)

-equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer homology for rational homology

3
3

-spheres equipped with a spin structure. The analogue of Frøyshov’s correction term in this setting is an integer-valued invariant of homology cobordism whose mod

2
2

reduction is the Rokhlin invariant. As an application, we show that there are no homology

3
3

-spheres

Y
Y

of the Rokhlin invariant one such that

Y
#
Y

Y \#Y

bounds an acyclic smooth

4
4

-manifold. By previous work of Galewski-Stern and Matumoto, this implies the existence of non-triangulable high-dimensional manifolds.
Preserving positivity for matrices with sparsity constraints
Authors: Guillot Dominique , Khare Apoorva , Rajaratnam Bala
Published: February 2015

Functions preserving Loewner positivity when applied entrywise to positive semidefinite matrices have been widely studied in the literature. Following the work of Schoenberg [Duke Math. J. 9], Rudin [Duke Math. J. 26], and others, it is well-known that functions preserving positivity for matrices of all dimensions are absolutely monotonic (i.e., analytic with nonnegative Taylor coefficients). In this paper, we study functions preserving positivity when applied entrywise to sparse matrices, with zeros encoded by a graphGGor a family of graphsGnG_n. Our results generalize Schoenberg and Rudin’s results to a modern setting, where functions are often applied entrywise to sparse matrices in order to improve their properties (e.g. better conditioning, graphical models). The only such result known in the literature is for the complete graphK2K_2. We provide the first such characterization result for a large family of non-complete graphs. Specifically, we characterize functions preserving Loewner positivity on matrices with zeros according to a tree. These functions are multiplicatively midpoint-convex and superadditive. Leveraging the underlying sparsity in matrices thus admits the use of functions which are not necessarily analytic nor absolutely monotonic. We further show that analytic functions preserving positivity on matrices with zeros according to trees can contain arbitrarily long sequences of negative coefficients, thus obviating the need for absolute monotonicity in a very strong sense. This result leads to the question of exactly when absolute monotonicity is necessary when preserving positivity for an arbitrary class of graphs. We then provide a stronger condition in terms of the numerical range of all symmetric matrices, such that functions satisfying this condition on matrices with zeros according to any family of graphs with unbounded degrees are necessarily absolutely monotonic.
A national action plan for sharable and comparable nursing data to support practice and translational research for transforming health care
Authors: Westra Bonnie L , Latimer Gail E , Matney Susan A , Park Jung In , Sensmeier Joyce , Simpson Roy L , Swanson Mary Jo , Warren Judith J , Delaney Connie W
Published: February 2015

Background There is wide recognition that, with the rapid implementation of electronic health records (EHRs), large data sets are available for research. However, essential standardized nursing data are seldom integrated into EHRs and clinical data repositories. There are many diverse activities that exist to implement standardized nursing languages in EHRs; however, these activities are not coordinated, resulting in duplicate efforts rather than building a shared learning environment and resources.

Objective The purpose of this paper is to describe the historical context of nursing terminologies, challenges to the use of nursing data for purposes other than documentation of care, and a national action plan for implementing and using sharable and comparable nursing data for quality reporting and translational research.

Methods In 2013 and 2014, the University of Minnesota School of Nursing hosted a diverse group of nurses to participate in the Nursing Knowledge: Big Data and Science to Transform Health Care consensus conferences. This consensus conference was held to develop a national action plan and harmonize existing and new efforts of multiple individuals and organizations to expedite integration of standardized nursing data within EHRs and ensure their availability in clinical data repositories for secondary use. This harmonization will address the implementation of standardized nursing terminologies and subsequent access to and use of clinical nursing data.

Conclusion Foundational to integrating nursing data into clinical data repositories for big data and science, is the implementation of standardized nursing terminologies, common data models, and information structures within EHRs. The 2014 National Action Plan for Sharable and Comparable Nursing Data for Transforming Health and Healthcare builds on and leverages existing, but separate long standing efforts of many individuals and organizations. The plan is action focused, with accountability for coordinating and tracking progress designated.
Species with more volatile population dynamics are differentially impacted by weather
Authors: Harrison Joshua G. , Shapiro Arthur M. , Espeset Anne E. , Nice Christopher C. , Jahner Joshua P. , Forister Matthew L.
Published: February 2015

Climatic variation has been invoked as an explanation of population dynamics for a variety of taxa. Much work investigating the link between climatic forcings and population fluctuation uses single-taxon case studies. Here, we conduct comparative analyses of a multi-decadal dataset describing population dynamics of 50 co-occurring butterfly species at 10 sites in Northern California. Specifically, we explore the potential commonality of response to weather among species that encompass a gradient of population dynamics via a hierarchical Bayesian modelling framework. Results of this analysis demonstrate that certain weather conditions impact volatile, or irruptive, species differently as compared with relatively stable species. Notably, precipitation-related variables, including indices of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, have a more pronounced impact on the most volatile species. We hypothesize that these variables influence vegetation resource availability, and thus indirectly influence population dynamics of volatile taxa. As one of the first studies to show a common influence of weather among taxa with similar population dynamics, the results presented here suggest new lines of research in the field of biotic–abiotic interactions.
The oldest known fur seal
Authors: Boessenecker Robert W. , Churchill Morgan
Published: February 2015

The poorly known fossil record of fur seals and sea lions (Otariidae) does not reflect their current diversity and widespread abundance. This limited fossil record contrasts with the more complete fossil records of other pinnipeds such as walruses (Odobenidae). The oldest known otariids appear 5–6 Ma after the earliest odobenids, and the remarkably derived craniodental morphology of otariids offers few clues to their early evolutionary history and phylogenetic affinities among pinnipeds. We report a new otariid,
Eotaria crypta
, from the lower middle Miocene ‘Topanga’ Formation (15–17.1 Ma) of southern California, represented by a partial mandible with well-preserved dentition.
Eotaria crypta
is geochronologically intermediate between ‘enaliarctine’ stem pinnipedimorphs (16.6–27 Ma) and previously described otariid fossils (7.3–12.5 Ma), as well as morphologically intermediate by retaining an M
2
and a reduced M
1
metaconid cusp and lacking P
2–4
metaconid cusps.
Eotaria crypta
eliminates the otariid ghost lineage and confirms that otariids evolved from an ‘enaliarctine’-like ancestor.