bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The female Klebun of Madura within the power constellation of the patriarchy: A post-colonial feminism perspective
Authors: Rahmawati Aminah Dewi , Susanti Emy , Suyanto Bagong
Published: June 2021

During the Indonesian reformation era, Madurese politics began to see a notable increase in women participation. One indicator is the increasing number of female village chiefs, locally referred to as Klebun, who occupies the highest leadership position within Madurese villages. An in-depth interview with two female Klebuns and three informants revealed that female Klebun in Madura represents women and extended kinship interests in continuing dynastic politics. The female Klebun experienced a subaltern form of relationship with the largely patriarchal system they find themselves in, marked by coercion, threats, pressure and lack of freedom in their candidacy and village leadership. The lack of any communicated objections from the female population over these repressive actions is due to the strong dominance of patriarchal culture in Madurese society. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data used are the results of interviews with five informants. Secondary data used consist of relevant scientific journals, articles, and books. This research is conducted under the framework of postcolonial feminism.
Proteomic characterisation of serum proteins from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from an outbreak with Cardiomyopathy Syndrome
Authors: Costa Janina , Thompson Kim , Pozo Jorge del , McLean Kevin , Inglis Neil , Sourd Philippe , Bordeianu Andrei
Published: June 2021

Cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS), caused by piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), is a serious challenge to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) aquaculture. Regrettably, husbandry techniques are the only tool to manage CMS outbreaks, and no prophylactic measures are available at present. Early diagnosis of CMS is therefore desirable, preferably with non-lethal diagnostic methods, such as serum biomarkers. To identify candidate biomarkers for CMS, the protein content of pools of sera (4 fish/pool) from salmon a CMS outbreak (3 pools) and from clinically healthy salmon (3 pools) were compared using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Overall, seven proteins were uniquely identified in the sera of clinically healthy fish, while twenty seven proteins were unique to the sera of CMS fish. Of the latter, 24 have been associated with cardiac disease in humans. These were grouped as leakage enzymes (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glycogen phosphorylase and carbonic anhydrase); host reaction proteins (acute phase response proteins - haptoglobin, fibrinogen, α2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin; and complement-related proteins); and regeneration/remodelling proteins (fibronectin, lumican and retinol). Clinical evaluation of the suitability of these proteins as biomarkers of CMS, either individually or as part of a panel, is a logical next step for the development of early diagnostic tools for CMS.
Nonlinear vibration response of a complex aeroengine under the rubbing fault
Authors: Liu Jingze , Fei Qingguo , Wu Shaoqing , Tang Zhenhuan , Zhang Dahai
Published: June 2021

Rolling bearing and squeeze film damper will introduce structural nonlinearity into the dynamic model of aeroengine. Rubbing will occur due to the clearance reduction design of the engine. The coupling of structural nonlinearity and fault nonlinearity will make the engine present rich vibration responses. This paper aims to analyze the nonlinear vibration behavior of the whole aeroengine including rolling bearing and squeeze film damper under rubbing fault. Firstly, the dynamic model of a turboshaft engine with nonlinear support and rubbing fault is established; The rolling bearing force, the oil film force and the rubbing force are introduced into a dual-rotor-casing model with six support points. Secondly, the linear part of the model is verified by the dynamic characteristics of the three-dimensional finite element model. Finally, the varying compliance vibration, the damping effect and the bifurcation mechanism are analyzed in detail in which the bearing clearance, speed ratio and rubbing stiffness are considered. Results show that the rubbing fault in the nonlinear support case will excite more significant varying compliance vibration in the low-speed region and expand the rotating speed range of the chaotic region in the high-speed region compared with that in the linear support case.
Using a Discrete Choice Experiment to Examine the Factors Influencing Clinical Trial Participation in a Nationally Representative Sample
Authors: Queally Michelle , Devane Declan , Griffin Matthew D. , Gillespie Paddy , Pandit Abhay
Published: June 2021

IntroductionUnderstanding the key factors that inform an individual’s decision-making process for participating in a clinical trial (CT) can improve the efficiency of recruitment for CT studies. Currently, little is known, in quantitative terms, about the relative importance of the different factors that influence CT participation decisions.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to design and conduct a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to identify critical factors, or attributes, that influence CT participation, and to estimate public preferences for, and trade-offs between, different levels of these attributes.MethodsA DCE was designed, with input from a public patient involvement (PPI) panel and conducted via an online survey of 525 nationally representative Irish citizens. The attributes identified and included in the DCE to inform CT participation included: (1) communication, (2) financial incentive, (3) likelihood of benefit, (4) risk of side effects, and (5) follow up period. All respondents were presented with a set of choice cards and asked to choose between participating in one of two CTs, differentiated by their attributes levels, or opt-out. A series of econometric statistical regression models were estimated to generate the results of interest.ResultsRespondents had preferences which, in order of relative importance, had a lower risk of side effects, a higher likelihood of benefit, a shorter follow up, information communicated by the respondent’s doctor or nurse, and a financial incentive for participation.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to utilise a DCE to estimate preferences of the public regarding factors influencing CT participation. These findings may be useful for future CT design as they enable researchers to elicit how individuals may weigh up their choices and consider trade-offs between factors that affect their decision to participate. This study was also the first DCE to include a PPI panel to help inform the DCE design and development.
Awareness of Aerosol related transmission of COVID-19 among the Dentists of Nepal
Authors: Pandey Nashib , Basnet Buddha , Koju Sushmit , Khapung Anju , Gupta Alka
Published: June 2021

Objective: To access the awareness of dental practitioners of Nepal towards COVID-19 transmission through aerosols.Materials and Methods: The study involved 384 dentists from all over Nepal and was conducted for a period of three months. A self-reported online questionnaire was developed using Google forms and the link was shared. It emphasized the awareness related to the aerosol and ventilation system in their daily practices was prepared. The data were analysed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 software. Results: Majority of participants were female 52.9% (n = 203) and within the age groups of <30 years 57% (n = 219). Participants from Bagmati Province were 60.4% (n = 232), with least from Sudurpaschim Province 0.5% (n = 2). 60% of participants provided only emergency services during the COVID-19 pandemic and few (7%) provided consultations via telephone. The current ventilation system used was a well-ventilated room with open windows 65.4% (n = 251). However, 52.8% (n = 203) preferred specialized operatory incorporating high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and ultraviolet (UV) light. More than 60% of respondents were unaware of the particle size of the aerosol.Conclusions: The obtained results signify the need for the proper ventilation system with appropriate air filtration systems in dental clinical setups.
A Strengthening Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Coal Fly Ash using Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation
Authors: Wu Shuaifeng , Cai Hong , Wei Ran , Xiao Jianzhang , Yan Jun , Wang Ziwen
Published: June 2021

Coal fly ash (CFA) that is discharged from coal-fired power plants has characteristics of fine particles, a small specific gravity and a large pore ratio. The dust suppression and strengthening of CFA is usually carried out by spraying water in the ash storage yard, but this practical approach is unsatisfactory. The strength of the CFA filling material affects the construction safety and operational safety of the ash dams. To carry out effective CFA material utilization and dust-pollution control, this paper applied the microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) method to enhance the strength of CFA under two curing conditions of natural evaporation (NE) and in a moisture cylinder (MC). The microbial-reaction mechanism, strengthening characteristics and influencing factors were studied. The results show that: 1) the calcium carbonate that is produced by microorganisms in the CFA is calcite, and the calcium-carbonate content increases from 7% to 18.9% and 15.3% under the MC and NE curing conditions, respectively; 2) MICP can improve the CFA strength, and the unconfined compressive strength can be increased by 6.55 times to 97.63 kPa under the MC curing conditions; 3) the solidification strength of CFA varies significantly with the concentration of CaCl2.2H2O and CH4N2O nutrients. The peak stress increases initially and then decreases with an increase in nutrient salt concentration. The optimum nutrient concentration was 0.5 mol/L and 1.0 mol/L for the MC and NE curing conditions, respectively; 4) calcium carbonate that was induced by microbial reaction can reduce the water loss in the ash specimen, and allow the ash surface to form a better water-retention effect, with good prospects for dust suppression.
Fine Structure Constant derived from Principle Theory.
Authors: Geilhaupt Manfred
Published: June 2021

Derivation of mass (m), charge (e) and fine structure constant (FSC) from theory are unsolved problems in physics up to now. Neither the Standard Model (SM) nor the General theory of Relativity (GR) has provided a complete explanation for mass, charge and FSC. The question “of what is rest mass” is therefore still essentially unanswered. We will show that the combination of two Principle Theories, General Relativity and Thermodynamics (TD), is able to derive the restmass of an electron (m) which surprisingly depends on the (Sommerfeld) FSC (same for the charge (e)).
Ground Surface Settlement Evaluation by Proportional Hazards Model in Tunneling Projects
Authors: Osalou Ali Kazempour , moosazadeh sayfoddin , Qarahasanlou Ali Nouri
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, tunnel excavation plays a major role in development of countries. Due to the complex and challenging ground conditions, a comprehensive study and analysis must be done before, during and also after the excavation of tunnels. Hence, the importance of study and evaluation of ground settlement are dramatically increased, since many tunnel projects are performed in the urban areas where there are plenty of constructions, buildings and facilities. For this reason, the control and prediction of ground settlement is one of the complicated topic in the fields of risk engineering. Therefore, in this paper, proportional hazard model (PHM) is used to analyze and study the ground settlement induced by Tabriz Metro Line 2 (TML2) tunneling. The PHM method is a semi-parametric regression method that can enter environmental conditions or factors affecting settlement probability. These influential factors are used as risk factors in the analysis. After establishing a database for a case study and using proportional hazard model for surface settlement analysis, and then, by evaluating the effect of environmental conditions on the ground surface settlement, it has been found that the risk factors of grouting pressure behind the segment, the ratio of tunnel depth to groundwater level, and drained cohesion strength at a significant level of 5% have a direct effect on the probability of settlement. The results also showed that the effect of grout injection pressure on ground subsidence is more than other parameters, and with increasing injection pressure, the probability of exceeding safe subsidence values decreases. In addition, it has been found that increasing the risk factor for the ratio of tunnel depth to groundwater level reduces the probability of exceeding the safe ground settlement. Finally, increasing the number of risk factors for drained cohesion strength increases the probability of exceeding safe settlement.
Financial distress and its associated burden in couples coping with an advanced cancer
Authors: Kroll Juliet , Kim Seokhun , Cho Dalnim , Weathers Shiao-Pei , Chen Aileen , Smith Grace , Bruera Eduardo , Milbury Kathrin
Published: June 2021

Purpose
As the economic burden and financial distress (FD) resulting from cancer care are increasingly recognized, FD remains inadequately understood from the perspective of patients and their spousal caregiver, the relational context where most financial and treatment decisions are navigated. Therefore, we assessed FD in both patients with advanced cancer and their spouses to identify symptom and QOL correlates. We additionally examined if illness communication moderated the association between FD and QOL.
Methods
Patients undergoing treatment for stage III/IV lung cancer or grade III/IV primary brain tumor and their spouses completed measures of their own FD, QOL, symptoms, perception of their spouse’s symptoms, and overall illness communication.
Results
Patients (62.7%) and spouses (64.7%) endorsed FD; however, spouses rated FD with greater relative severity. For both, FD was associated with greater anxiety, depression, and poorer physical QOL. For patients, FD was additionally associated with poorer mental QOL. Spousal caregivers accurately perceived patient FD, yet patients underreported spouse’s FD by a clinically meaningful difference. A 3-way interaction (FD X role X illness communication) revealed (b = .40, p = .041) that illness communication moderated the association between FD and physical QOL for spouses only.
Conclusion
In the advanced cancer setting, FD is prevalent in both patients and their caregivers and associated with psychological distress and poor physical QOL. Results suggest that optimal FD interventions should include patients and spouses. As illness communication appears to buffer the negative association of FD with physical QOL, studies targeting illness communication deficits in couples facing advanced disease are warranted.
Time-Dependent Effect Of Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy On Central Arterial Stiffness: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Schneider Caroline , González-Jaramillo Nathalia , Marcin Thimo , Campbell Kristin L. , Suter Thomas , Bano Arjola , Wilhelm Matthias , Eser Prisca
Published: June 2021

Background and AimsAnthracycline-based chemotherapy (Anth-bc) has been proposed to increase arterial stiffness, however, the time-dependency of these effects remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the time-dependent effect of Anth-bc on markers of central aortic stiffness, namely aortic distensibility (AD) and pulse-wave-velocity (PWV) in cancer patients.Methods An extensive literature search without language restrictions was performed to identify all studies presenting longitudinal data on the effect of Anth-bc on either AD and/or central PWV in cancer patients of all ages. An inverse-variance weighted random-effect model was performed with differences from before to after chemotherapy, as well as for short vs. mid-term effects. ResultsOf 1811 articles identified, 6 observational studies with a total of 282 patients (median age 51±11; 70% women) were included, of which four studies measured AD and five PWV. Short-term (3-4 months), there was a clinically meaningful increase in arterial stiffness, namely an increase in PWV of 4.21 m/s (95%CI -0.19; 8.61) and a decrease in AD of -1.49 mmHg-1 (-3.25; 0.27) but a much smaller effect was observed mid-term (6-12 months) for PWV of 1.05 m/s (-1.45; 3.55) and AD of -0.37 mmHg-1 (-1.13; 0.39). There was considerable heterogeneity among the studies.ConclusionsResults from this analysis suggest that in the short-term, Anth-bc increases arterial stiffness, but that these changes may partly be reversible after therapy termination. Future studies need to elucidate the long-term consequences of Anth-bc on arterial stiffness, by performing repeated follow-up measurements after Anth-bc termination.
ALS-Causing Protein TDP-43 Impairs SREBP2 Cholesterol Regulation
Authors: Egawa Naohiro , Izumi Yuishin , Tsuge Itaru , Fujita Koji , Shimano Hitoshi , Izumikawa Keiichi , Takahashi Nobuhiro , Tsukita Kayoko , Enami Takako , Nakamura Masahiro , Watanabe Akira , Naitoh Motoko , Suzuki Shigehiko , Seki Tsuneyoshi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Toda Tatsushi , Kaji Ryuji , Takahashi Ryosuke , Inoue Haruhisa
Published: June 2021

Dyslipidemia is correlated with the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal motor neuron disorder characterized pathologically by TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions. We investigated molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism regulated by TDP-43 in ALS. Expression microarray and RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) were performed using cell lines expressing doxycycline-inductive TDP-43. Gene expression and transcriptome profiling identified 434 significantly altered genes under high levels of TDP-43 (Tukey’s test, P < 0.05) including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), a master regulator of cholesterol homeostasis and its downstream genes. TDP-43 overexpression impaired SREBP2 transcriptional activity, leading to inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis via the nutrient- and growth factor-responsive kinase mTOR Complex I (mTORC1). The amount of cholesterol was significantly decreased in motor neuronal cultures derived from ALS-patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as well as in the spinal fluids of ALS patients and in the spinal cord of ALS model mice. Impairment of cholesterol synthesis is caused by an increase in toxic function of TDP-43 in ALS.
Fibrosis-Net: A Tailored Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design For Prediction of Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression From Chest CT Images
Authors: Wong Alexander , Lu Jack , Dorfman Adam , McInnis Paul , Famouri Mahmoud , Manary Daniel , Lee James Ren Hou , Lynch Michael
Published: June 2021

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating chronic lung disease that causes irreparable lung tissue scarring and damage, resulting in progressive loss in lung capacity and has no known cure. A critical step in the treatment and management of pulmonary fibrosis is the assessment of lung function decline, with computed tomography (CT) imaging being a particularly effective method for determining the extent of lung damage caused by pulmonary fibrosis. Motivated by this, we introduce Fibrosis-Net, a deep convolutional neural network design tailored for the prediction of pulmonary fibrosis progression from chest CT images. More specifically, machine-driven design exploration was leveraged to determine a strong architectural design for CT lung analysis, upon which we build a customized network design tailored for predicting forced vital capacity (FVC) based on a patient's CT scan, initial spirometry measurement, and clinical metadata. Finally, we leverage an explainability-driven performance validation strategy to study the decision-making behaviour of Fibrosis-Net as to verify that predictions are based on relevant visual indicators in CT images.Results: Experiments using a patient cohort from the OSIC Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression Challenge showed that the proposed Fibrosis-Net is able to achieve a significantly higher modified Laplace Log Likelihood score than the winning solutions on the challenge. Furthermore, explainability-driven performance validation demonstrated that the proposed Fibrosis-Net exhibits correct decision-making behaviour by leveraging clinically-relevant visual indicators in CT images when making predictions on pulmonary fibrosis progress. Conclusion: Fibrosis-Net is able to achieve a significantly higher modified Laplace Log Likelihood score than the winning solutions on the OSIC Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression Challenge, and has been shown to exhibit correct decision-making behaviour when making predictions. Fibrosis-Net is available to the general public in an open-source and open access manner as part of the OpenMedAI initiative. While Fibrosis-Net is not yet a production-ready clinical assessment solution, we hope that its release will encourage researchers, clinicians, and citizen data scientists alike to leverage and build upon it.
Histopatholgy and Clinical Implication of Treatment-Related Changes After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Patients With Brain Metastases
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hwa , Choi Jung-Won , Kong Doo-Sik , Seol Ho-Jun , Nam Do-Hyun , Suh Yeon-Lim , Lee Jung-Il , Ryu Jae-Wook , Kim Sung-Tae
Published: June 2021

A late-onset treatment-related changes (TRCs), which represent radiographic radiation necrosis (RN), frequently occur after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases and often need surgical treatment. This study aimed to validate the true pathology and investigate clinical implication of surgically resected TRCs on advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Retrospective analyses of 86 patients who underwent surgical resection after radiosurgery of brain metastases were performed. Fifty-four patients displayed TRCs on preoperative MRI, comprising pure RN in 19 patients (TRC-RN group) and mixed viable tumor cells in 35 patients (TRC-PD group). Thirty-two patients revealed the consistent diagnosis of progressive disease in both MRI and histopathology (PD-PD group). The TRC-PD group showed larger prescription isodose volume (9.4 cm3) than the TRC-RN (4.06 cm3, p=0.014) group and a shorter time interval from SRS to preoperative MRI diagnosis (median 4.07 months) than the PD-PD group (median 8.77 months, p=0.004). Progression-free survival was significantly different among the three groups (p<0.001), but not between TRC-RN and TRC-PD (post hoc test, p=1.00), while no difference was observed in overall survival (p=0.067).Brain metastases featured as TRCs after SRS frequently contained viable tumor cells. However, this histologic heterogeneity had a minor impact on benign prognosis of TRCs after surgical resection.
Analysis of Factors Related To Head MRI Changes In Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia And Effect On Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.
Authors: Takam Russel , Shuang Ma , Bao Xiu , Tian Cong , Hong Ji
Published: June 2021

Background and ObjectiveThis study aims to detect how hyperbilirubinemia affects cerebral structures by imagery (MRI) to prevent irreversible future brain damage. Research Design and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 50 infants of 35 weeks gestation or more with hyperbilirubinemia were assigned to two groups based on abnormal or normal head imaging (MRI). The primary outcomes included peak bilirubin levels according to socio-demographic factors and how these levels influence MRI.The secondary outcome was neurodevelopment at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months for the imaging changes versus the normal imaging groups assessed by a combined formulaire based on the CDC’s developmental milestones, the Denver II Developmental Screening Test (DDST), the Hammersmith infant neurological exam, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) by investigators. ResultsPeak serum bilirubin levels (TSB) in the group with MRI changes, defined as bilaterally symmetrical signal intensity on T1- weighted imaging in the globus pallidus GP, was significantly higher than those in the group without MRI changes (342.5±47.6μmol/L vs. 284.3±46.3μmol/L), p=0.000. Odds ratios when observing TSB values with 342μmol/L as cut-off, showed that participants with TSB ≥ 342μmol/L were 12.4 times more likely of presenting with abnormal MR imaging (OR=12.4, 95% CI 2.191-70.672). In addition, a cross-tab comparison between MRI and milestones depicts MRI as having a 66.7% ，33.3% sensitivity and specificity while 12.5%，97.1% PPV (positive predictive value) and NPV (negative predictive values) respectively for milestone attainment. No relationship was found between abnormal outcomes and abnormal MRI. ConclusionsA significant relationship between high bilirubin levels and head imaging (MRI) was observed, but these changes in imaging could not significantly predict neurodevelopmental outcomes.
The association between serum albumia and length of stay of intensive care units in patients with heart failure
Authors: Liu Tao , Xuan Haochen , Wang Lili , Li Xiaoqun , Lu Zhihao , Tian Zhaoxuan , Chen Junhong , Wang Chaofan , Li Dongye , Xu Tongda
Published: June 2021

Objective: To assess the relationship between serum albumia and length of stay (LOS) of the intensive care units (ICUs).Design and Participants: we retrospectively analyze 2843 patients from the medical information mart for intensive care III (the MIMIC-III ) database. Materials and Methods: The exposure variable of the present study was serum albumia, which was defined as serum albumia level at the time of admission to ICUs. The outcome variable was LOS of ICUs. The final models were established by multivariate linear regression, and trend test and smooth fitting curves were used to evaluate the association between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs. The subgroups were conducted based on age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Results: Higher serum albumia level can reduce LOS of ICUs in patients with heart failure (HF) than lower serum albumia level (β: -1.18; 95%CI: -1.50, -0.86; P <0.001). Trend test and smooth curve fittings suggested that LOS of ICUs was gradually shorten when serum albumia level was gradually increased. The subgroups based on age, sex and BMI demonstrated similar results between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs.Conclusion: The negative correlation between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs among patients with HF was found. High serum albumia level might reduce LOS of ICUs in patients with HF, and the conclusion might guide clinical treatments and judge prognosis.
Cellulose-Inorganic Hybrids of Strongly Reduced Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Spiliopoulos Panagiotis , Gestranius Marie , Zhang Chao , Ghiyasi Ramin , Tomko John , Arstila Kai , Putkonen Matti , Hopkins Patrick E. , Karppinen Maarit , Tammelin Tekla , Kontturi Eero
Published: June 2021

The employment of atomic layer deposition and spin coating techniques for preparing inorganic-organic hybrid multilayer structures of alternating ZnO-CNC layers was explored in this study. Helium ion microscopy and X-ray reflectivity showed the superlattice formation for the nanolaminate structures and atomic force microscopy established the efficient control of the CNCs surface coverage on the Al-doped ΖnO by manipulating the concentration of the spin coating solution. Thickness characterization of the hybrid structures was performed via both ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity and the thermal conductivity was examined by time domain thermoreflectance technique. It appears that even the incorporation of a limited amount of CNCs between the ZnO laminates strongly suppresses the thermal conductivity. Even small, submonolayer amounts of CNCs worked as a more efficient insulating material than hydroquinone or cellulose nanofibers which have been employed in previous studies.
Prosedur Terjemahan Kata Nama Khas Taoisme dalam Hikayat Jelajah ke Barat
Authors: Poh Ying Cheah , Sang Seong Goh
Published: June 2021

Kata nama khas bukan sahaja mendukung makna leksikal, malahan turut sarat dengan makna budaya. Makalah ini bertujuan mengenal pasti dan menghuraikan
prosedur terjemahan kata nama khas Taoisme dalam terjemahan bahasa Cina-bahasa Melayu. Data kajian melibatkan sejumlah 312 kata nama khas Taoisme yang dikutip secara manual daripada novel Xi You Ji, iaitu karya klasik agung dalam kesusasteraan China yang dihasilkan oleh Wu Cheng’en (1506–1582) di China. Teks terjemahannya Hikayat Jelajah ke Barat diterjemahkan oleh Woo Tack Lok pada tahun 2015. Bagi tujuan pengumpulan dan analisis data, kajian ini memanfaatkan definisi kata nama khas Wang Li dan Li Rui serta prosedur terjemahan kata nama khas Taoisme oleh Zhang Wei Wei. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa prosedur terjemahan literal, transliterasi, bebas, anotasi, serangkai dan triplet dapat digunakan untuk menyalin fungsi kata nama khas. Kajian ini turut menemui lima prosedur baharu, iaitu generalisasi, deskriptif,
penambahan, pengguguran dan kuadruplet. Sesungguhnya, usaha penerokaan makna leksikal dan makna budaya kata nama khas secara menyeluruh serta penerapan prosedur terjemahan yang berkesan adalah amat mustahak. Hal ini adalah untuk memastikan makna kata nama khas dapat diungkapkan secara penuh dan difahami oleh pembaca sasaran.
Creating innovative design labs for the public sector: A case for institutional capacity building in the regions of Ukraine
Authors: Dzvinchuk Dmytro , Orliv Mariana , Janiunaite Brigita , Petrenko Victor
Published: June 2021

Innovative design labs were created by public authorities of the USA, Australia, Singapore, Finland, Canada, the UK, Switzerland, Denmark, China, and other countries to accelerate changes and develop modern public service. This paper provides further insight to establishing external innovation accelerators for strengthening capacity of public institutions. The study aims to define the development opportunities for innovative design labs for the public sector in Ukraine’s regions by the case of the Laboratory of Intellectual Development for Empowering Regions (LIDER). The study was conducted at two stages: (1) exploring the features of innovation implementation in the public sector and outlining the main problems of innovation capacity of public institutions; (2) defining the development opportunities for the LIDER via SWOT-analysis. To substantiate the study results, the correlation analysis between autocratic, bureaucratic, competitive, self-protective, and participative leadership behaviors of CEOs and innovation index based on data from 18 countries was performed, as well as a survey of 195 public servants of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and an interview of 9 experts were conducted. The following key development opportunities for the LIDER were detected: promoting the introduction of incremental innovations in public institutions by using design thinking methodology; assisting the development of pro-innovative culture and participative leadership via individual-centric and system-oriented approaches; developing effective tools for performance management and supporting public institutions in project activity; organizing the competitions for regional innovative projects; assisting in creation of radically human systems in public institutions.
AcknowledgmentThe paper was prepared within the framework of the joint Ukrainian-Lithuanian R&D project “Competence Development of Lithuanian and Ukrainian Public Sector Employees Using Design-Thinking Methodology”.The project has received funding from the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT, agreement № S-LU-20-5) and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (agreement № М/31-2020).
Sucker rod pump frequency-elastic drive mode development – from the numerical model to the field test
Authors: Langbauer Clemens , Langbauer Thomas , Fruhwirth Rudolf , Mastobaev B.
Published: June 2021

A frequency-elastic drive mode for a sucker rod pumping system is introduced to reduce its polished rod peak loads and the total energy consumption. Numerical modeling and an extensive field test verify the concept. The frequency-elastic drive mode is a software solution for variable speed drive systems, which can be applied in the controller and does not require any hardware adjustments. The novel drive mode adjusts the set frequency, sent by the controller to the frequency converter, depending on the actual power requirements. An increase in power consumption results in a reduction of the set frequency, which is proportional to the power consumption increase. A reduction in power consumption results in the opposite effect to achieve a similar pumping speed as for regular operation. The frequency-elastic drive mode is simulated by a numerical model, which covers the entire pumping system. An extensive field test was performed to verify the concept and the numerical model. The simulation and the field test have confirmed the concept of the frequency-elastic drive mode and quantified its saving potential. The evaluation of the field test has shown that the energy-saving potential can reach five percent. In addition, a peak polished rod load reduction of up to three percent was seen. At the tested pumping system the frequency elastic drive mode under optimized parameters yields the best results in terms of total energy savings in the pumping speed range between 7 to 10 strokes per minute. A downhole system efficiency increase was seen for any pumping speed. The numerical model matches the field test data and allows the performance prediction of the novel drive mode for changed parameters and wellbore configurations without extensive field testing. The novelty of the presented paper is the concept of the frequency-elastic drive mode, which is a pure software solution for variable speed drive sucker rod pumping systems. The holistic model includes the entire pumping system and matches the field test data at remarkable accuracy.
Affix-based Distractor Generation for Tamil Multiple Choice Questions using Neural Word Embedding
Authors:   Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli., Murugan Shanthi , S R Balasundaram ,   Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli.
Published: June 2021

Assessment plays an important role in learning and Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are quite popular in large-scale evaluations. Technology enabled learning necessitates a smart assessment. Therefore, automatic MCQ generation became increasingly popular in the last two decades. Despite a large amount of research effort, system generated MCQs are not useful in real educational applications. This is because of the inability to produce the diverse and human alike distractors. Distractors are the wrong choices given along with the correct answer (key) to confuse the examinee. Especially, in educational domain (grammar learning) the MCQs deal with affix-based or morphologically transformed distractors. In this paper, we present a method for automatic generation of affix-based distractors for fill-in-the-blanks for learning Tamil Vocabulary. Affix-based distractor generation relies on certain regularities manifest in high dimensional spaces. We investigate the quality of distractors generated by a number of criteria, including Part-Of-Speech, difficulty level, spelling, word co-occurrence, semantic similarity and affixation. We evaluated our proposed method in grammar based Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) dataset. The result shows that affix-based distractors, yield significantly more plausible outcomes in certain grammar based questions.
Going Online! Use and Effectiveness of Online Mode of Instruction in the Teaching of English Language
Authors:   PhD candidate, Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT Roorkee, India., Tom Amal , Kumar Nagendra ,   Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT Roorkee, India
Published: June 2021

Contemporary time necessitated the use of advanced, scientific and digital technologies to take forward the teaching-learning process uninterrupted, making teaching online effective, cheap, convenient, and an alternative to traditional classes. It has been a drastic change that revolutionised English Language classes. Unprecedented levels of digitalisation in the field of education cropped up many logistical and pedagogical problems. This research paper attempts to look into these problems through a survey, analysing the different perspectives and approaches of individual teachers in developing and evaluating language skills, developing primers and ICT tools, and using them for effective, pleasurable online language teaching-learning, making classes student-centred. It also analysed the scope of making online and traditional classrooms supplementary and complementary to each other. Certainly, there is a need for better infrastructure, training, connectivity, integration of Augmented and Virtual Reality to provide experiential learning and to cope up with emerging challenges
Of Dictionaries and Dialectics: Locating the Vernacular and the Making of Modern Malayalam
Authors:   National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal., Ramath Amritha Koiloth , Koudur Shashikantha ,   National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal.
Published: June 2021

This paper looks at Hermann Gundert’s Malayalam-English dictionary at the juncture of the modernisation of the Malayalam language in the 19th century. Gundert, the then inspector of schools in the Malabar district, saw the dictionary as the first step towards the cause of a universal education through the standardisation of Malayalam language. But what did a dictionary for all and by implication a language for all mean to the Kerala society? For centuries, much of the literary output in Kerala was in Sanskrit language, even as Malayalam continued its sway. The diversity of the language system in Kerala navigated its way through the hierarchies of caste and class tensions, springing up new genres from time to time within these dichotomies. Like many other vernacular languages in India, the Malayalam language system remained as the society it was in, decentralised and plural. This fell into sharp relief against the language systems of modern post-renaissance Europe with its standardised languages and uniform education. The colonial project in India aimed at reconstructing the existing language hierarchies by standardising the vernaculars and replacing Sanskrit as the language of cosmopolitan reach and cultural hegemony with English. Bilingualism and translation was key to this process as it seemed to provide a point of direct cultural linkage between the vernacular Indian cultures and Europe. This paper argues that Gundert’s bilingual dictionary features itself in this attempt at the modernisation of Malayalam by reconstructing the existing hierarchies of Kerala culture through the standardisation of Malayalam and the replacement of Sanskrit with a new cosmopolitan language and cultural values.
Interrogating Strategies of Justice and Racial Politics: A Post-colonial Reading of Abir Mukherjee’s A Rising Man
Authors: Vijay Febin , Tripathi Priyanka
Published: June 2021

The present article begins with a brief historical account of the exclusionary politics of Western crime fiction, with most of the works representing the East as ‘exotic other’ while assuming the subject position themselves. A post-colonial analysis of Abir Mukherjee’s A Rising Man (2016) is conducted to study how the novel deals with questions of justice and racial politics, and further encompasses a brief inquiry into it can be positioned as an anti-colonial text which advocates a move towards decolonization. The text can be seen as representing the body of work by writers who give voice to the oppressed within colonial contexts and vehemently refuse the idea of being inferior.
Consciously eco-conscious: An eco-conscious re-reading of Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay’s Moon Mountain as young adult literature
Authors:   School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vandalur – Kelambakkam Road, Chennai-600127, Tamilnadu, India., S Narendiran , R Bhuvaneswari ,   School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vandalur – Kelambakkam Road, Chennai-600127, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: June 2021

A better physical environment is quintessential for a comfortable life; this conscious of environment has been one of the post-world-war effects. The predominance of colonialism is accompanied by exploitation of forest and environment. Since then, land is nothing more than a resource that conferred wealth and materials for the colonizers. The depletion of forest for agriculture and urban development is a historical phenomenon. It is then aggravated by industrial revolution and colonization. The legacies of colonialism have influenced the mindset of the colonized. Recently, the scarcity of the resources and climate change are the rising concerns of the world. This is mainly because of the humans’ insensitivity towards nature and literature plays an effective role in spreading the need for being eco-conscious. This article highlights the role of young adult narratives in spreading social awareness and interprets the classic Indian young adult novel Moon Mountain by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay, which has symbolic references offering ecological insights. The journey of the protagonist through the African continent is critiqued to highlight the enfeeble consciousness about the natural ecology of an individual who seizes material development. This study partly brings out how the colonial legacies continues to influence the contemporary environmental challenges, and discusses the literary relationships between nature and youth influence readers’ attitudes towards the contemporary anxieties such as climate change and related environmental crises.
Locating Women in the Naxalbari Movement: A Story of Resistance and Fabrication of the Individual Female Identity
Authors:   Research Scholar, Sarkar Pritha ,   Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Published: June 2021

The objective in this paper is to explore the role of women in the Naxalbari movement by studying how a woman resists all the patriarchal authorities and carves her own space in a male-dominated movement through The Naxalites: A Novel (1979), a representative text on the Naxalbari movement in Indian English Literature. The Naxalbari movement (1965-1975) is the first peasant revolution within twenty years of Indian Independence that initiated in a small village named Naxalbari situated in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal. Though there have been many scholarly studies on the movement, the representation of women and their experiences in the texts on the movement in Indian English Literature has not yet been traversed upon. The paper, therefore, addresses this gap by studying the movement from the feminist standpoint through one of the representative texts. While on one hand, historical records show how women had been frontline warriors in the initial phase of the movement only to be marginalized with the spread of the movement; on the other, none of the chronicles on the movement recognizes the role of women and their contributions in it. Through the text of The Naxalites: A Novel, this paper engages with such problematic and contradictory location of women through the portrayal of a female character who attempts to change the whole direction of the movement with the aim to make it more sustainable. Thus, the paper tries to analyze women as a subversive force within the movement who represent the critical voice against the patriarchal framework by suggesting an alternative modus operandi while staying within the folds of the movement.
The Uneasy Gaze – Appearing for Interviews to get Married – An Empirical Investigation into the Pre-marital Arranged Marriage Negotiations in Urban Kolkata
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand., Sen Sucharita
Published: June 2021

Indian society, when viewed from a Foucauldian feminist perspective offers a curious and unique example of societal scrutiny over its members. This overt exercise of power influences individual behaviour, attitudes and has a profound influence on decision making. In this context, this paper argues, within an empirical framework, the limitations of freedom of choice for women in pre-marital arranged marriage negotiations. Women find themselves coercively thrust into uneasy situations of objectification, forced to mould themselves to fit into hegemonic patriarchal parameters. They are lambasted if they fail to fulfil the required expectations. Based on a survey of 250 young brides and prospective brides of upper-caste, middle-class background in urban Kolkata, I argue that the pre-marital negotiations in arranged marriages systematically subjugate the women. Faced with societal and familial pressure, the women often find themselves marginalised and subjugated in the process of arranged marriage.
A Stylistic Investigation of the Act of Murder in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing
Authors:   Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab., Jeet Ujjal
Published: June 2021

This paper is a functional stylistic study of a selected passage from Doris Lessing’s novel The Grass is Singing. In the novel The Grass is Singing, a white woman in Rhodesia is killed by her black servant but surprisingly the murder instead of bringing a stir spreads a silence in the local white community. Further, the text on an intuitive reading seems to absolve the murderer of the crime which forms the research question of the paper. Thus, close and systematic textual analysis of the text representing the murder scene was conducted and it was found that the linguistic choices of the text does create a semantic universe where the murder and the murdered are allegorical figures representing nature and nurture in a mutual conflict. The methodology for linguistic analysis of the selected text is borrowed from Michael Halliday’s theoretical system Systemic Functional Linguistics. The text is analysed by means of transitivity system which provides the investigative tools to study the representational choices of the text.
Victimhood, Health Challenges and Violent Restiveness in Blood and Oil: Music, Characterization and Colours as Metaphors
Authors:   Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Nwaozuzu Uche-Chinemere , Adeogun Adebowale O. ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Ezeugwu Cindy ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Ugwu Alphonsus C. ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Aniago Emeka ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Published: June 2021

This study examines the aesthetics, efficacy, and propriety of the embedded metaphors in characterization, music, and colour application as creative vision in projecting victimhood atmosphere around traumatized Niger-Deltans due to many years of deprivation in Blood and Oil. Thus, this study explains how Blood and Oil represents a credible narrative, subsuming polemics of environmental degradation, health misery, massive unemployment, subjugation, and violent restiveness in Niger Delta due to poor political leadership, greed, and corruption. On creative vision, we are discussing how the ingenious application of characterization, music, and colour combined effectively in creating an enduring mood for the scenes in the film as channels of accentuating intended messages. To add relevant scholarly rigor, we applied victimhood theory and interpretive discuss approach to create relevant and lucid insights regarding the inclinations and actions of select characters in the film as well as analysis of relevant secondary texts. In the end, we deduce that the apt portrayal of Niger-Delta oil communities’ extensively degraded and polluted environment validates the reality of anguish and victimhood because of the massively diminished fishing and farming prospects. Lastly, the implication of this scenario is increased unemployment, psychological distress, diseases, and violent restiveness which have reduced enormously the wellbeing of Niger Delta inhabitants.