bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF AMPAS TAHU TERAKTIVASI NaCl SEBAGAI PENYERAP ZAT WARNA CONGO RED
Authors: Putra Sutomo Eka , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Puspitasari Dwi Juli , Sosidi Husain
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan karbon aktif ampas tahu teraktivasi NaCl sebagai penyerap zat warna Congo Red. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan karbon aktif ampas tahu teraktivasi NaCl dalam menyerap zat warna Congo Red . Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga variabel bebas yaitu konsentrasi aktivator, waktu kontak dan pH sedangkan variabel terikat yaitu persentase Congo Red yang terjerap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  penyerapan terbaik diperoleh pada karbon aktif  ampas tahu teraktivasi NaCl 3M dengan waktu kontak optimum selama 60 menit pada kondisi pH 2. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa limbah ampas tahu dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi karbon aktif.Kata kunci:  Karbon Aktif, Ampas Tahu, Zat Warna Congo Red, Adsorpsi
PRODUKSI METIL OLEAT MELALUI REAKSI METANOLISIS MINYAK BIJI KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lam)
Authors: Riskah Fatiah , Ridhay Ahmad , Mappiratu Mappiratu , Rahim Erwin Abdul
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan fraksi massa metil ester asam oleat tertinggi dari rasio minyak biji kelor/metanol (v/v) serta waktu reaksi dalam proses metanolisis minyak biji kelor serta komposisi dari metil ester asam oleat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan variasi rasio minyak biji kelor/metanol 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 dan 1:7 (v/v) serta variasi waktu reaksi 30 menit, 60 menit, 90 menit, 120 menit dan 150 menit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rasio minyak biji kelor/metanol  meningkatkan fraksi massa metil ester asam oleat dengan fraksi massa maksimum (72.61%) terdapat pada penggunaan rasio minyak biji kelor/metanol 1:7 (v/v). Demikian pula pada pengaruh waktu reaksi yang menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan waktu reaksi meningkatkan fraksi massa metil ester asam oleat dengan fraksi massa maksimum (78.75%) terdapat pada penggunaan waktu reaksi 150 menit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis GC-MS diperoleh senyawa dominan penyusun metil ester tersebut adalah metil oleat persentase sebesar 48.25%, kemudian metil stearat dengan persentase sebesar 7.67%, selanjutnya metil palmitat dengan persentase sebesar 5.14 dan senyawa yang belum diketahui secara pasti dengan persentase sebesar 38.94%Kata Kunci: Minyak biji kelor, metil oleat,metanolisis
KEMAMPUAN ADSORBSI ABU SEKAM PADI TERHADAP AIR DAN ASAM LEMAK BEBAS VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM KOLOM ADSORBSI
Authors: Sulo Laras mariance , Khairuddin  , Ruslan
Published: January 2020

A research has been conducted on the adsorption ability of rice husk ash to water content and free fatty acid of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the adsorption column. The objective of this research is to get the ratio of coarse VCO to rice husk ash adsorbent in the column that produces VCO with water content, free fatty acid that meets SNI and yields VCO yield not less than 80%. This study used a completely randomized factorial design (CRF design) with the effect of the amount of rice husk ash adsorbent (5g, 10g, 15g, 20g, 25g) in in columns 2.5 and 3 inches. The result of research on column 2.5 inch of the lowest water content (0.2%) was found on the weight of rice husk ash 25g and free fatty acid content on 25g ash husk ash was 0.1%. And at column 3.0 inch the lowest water content was found on 25g ash husk ash 0.1%, and the lowest free fatty acid content on ash weight of rice husk 25g was 0.2% and the best yield was 90%.

Keywords: free fatty acid, rice husk ash adsorbent, moisture content, Virgin Coconut Oil
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK n-HEKSAN, ETIL ASETAT DAN ETANOL KULIT BATANG KAYU EBONI (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DIFUSI
Authors: Sumitriasih Ni Luh , Ridhay Ahmad , Indriani
Published: January 2020

A study was conducted on the antibacterial activity test on n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of ebony bark (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) using a diffusion method. The purpose of this research is to know the antibacterial activity of ebony bark against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria using n-hexane, ethyl acetate dan ethanol. The method of extraction used in this research was maceration method with three polarity levels of solvent. The antibacterial activity test was performed by diffusion-well test. The results showed that ethyl acetate extract gave the highest inhibition of 26.14 mm in gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and ethanol extract of 25.97 mm in gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).

Keywords: Ebony (Diospyros celebica. Bakh), Tree Bark, Inhibitory, Antibacterial
WIELOWYMIAROWA ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA WARUNKÓW OFEROWANYCH DLA MAŁYCH I ŚREDNICH PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW W POLSKICH WOJEWÓDZTWACH
Authors: Wójcik Marta
Published: January 2020

W opracowaniu przedstawiono wykorzystanie analizy skupień metodą Warda do zobrazowania warunków oferowanych względem małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w poszczególnych województwach Polski. W badaniu wykorzystano dane z Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Wykorzystując hierarchiczne procedury aglomeracyjne dokonano grupowania województw na jednorodne klasy ze względu na zmienne charakteryzujące otoczenie jakie stwarza województwo dla małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Stworzono również ranking województw pod względem atrakcyjności dla biznesu.
METODA ZANURZANIA REGRESJI W PRZYPADKU WYSTĘPOWANIA OBSERWACJI NIETYPOWYCH
Authors: Kobylińska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

W pracy przedstawiono wykorzystanie metody maksymalnego zanurzania regresji do szacowania parametrów strukturalnych funkcji regresji liniowej. Dla zbiorów dwuwymiarowych, zawierajacych obserwacje nietypowe, oszacowane zostały funkcje regresji wykorzystując klasyczną metodę najmniejszych kwadratów oraz metodę opartą na koncepcji zanurzania obserwacji w próbie. Zauważyć można w jaki sposób obserwacje nietypowe wpływają na oszacowane modele.
Fabrication of bionanocomposite based on LDH using biopolymer of gum arabic and chitosan-coating for sustained drug-release
Authors: Abniki Milad , Moghimi Ali , Azizinejad Fariborz
Published: January 2020

The study proposed a new formulation to the sustained delivery of mefenamate anions intercalated into Mg?Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) for oral administration. Different experimental conditions were evaluated to incorporate the mefenamic acid (MEF) and gum arabic (GUM) into LDH structure. The LDH?MEF and LDH?MEF/GUM were covered with chitosan (CHIT). In another experiment, LDH?Cl was used to adsorb mefenamate anions and evaluate the mechanism. The products of LDH were characterized by using different techniques such as FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). The X-ray diffraction patterns and FTIR analyses confirmed that the MEF and GUM were successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of LDH. TG analysis verified that the thermal stability of intercalated MEF in the form of bionanocomposite (LDH?MEF/ /GUM/CHIT) was enhanced. Finally, In vitro drug release experiments of bionanocomposite at a pH of 1.2 (acidic medium) and a pH of 7.4 (phosphate buffer medium) showed sustained release profiles with mefenamate anions as an anti-inflammatory model drug.
Do Profit Margins Expand for High Growth Firms?
Authors: Ertan Aytekin , Lewellen Stefan , Thomas Jacob K.
Published: January 2020

It is common in business analyses to invoke different efficiencies generated by scale. Growth is associated with declining average costs/sales and rising profit margins. Factors cited include the relatively fixed nature of some costs, increased bargaining power, and network effects. We investigate how different cost lines evolve for a sample of U.S. firms after their IPO. To our surprise, costs/sales do not generally decline and margins do not increase, even during the early years when growth is highest. We observe similar results for other samples of domestic and overseas firms, both public and private. We explore possible explanations for our results and discuss implications, especially for cost allocation and financial projections.

JEL Classifications: G30; M13; M21; M41.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Retinopathy in a Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model and Role of Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: Kowluru Renu A.
Published: January 2020

Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90% of the population with diabetes, and these patients are generally obese and hyperlipidemic. In addition to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia is also closely related with diabetic retinopathy. The aim was to investigate retinopathy in a model closely mimicking the normal progression and metabolic features of the population with type 2 diabetes and elucidate the molecular mechanism. Retinopathy was evaluated in rats fed a 45% kcal as fat diet for 8 weeks before administering streptozotocin, 30 mg/kg body weight (T2D), and compared with age- and duration-matched type 1 diabetic rats (T1D) (60 mg/kg streptozotocin). The role of epigenetic modifications in mitochondrial damage was evaluated in retinal microvasculature. T2D rats were obese and severely hyperlipidemic, with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance compared with age-matched T1D rats. While at 4 months of diabetes, T1D rats had no detectable retinopathy, T2D rats had significant retinopathy, their mitochondrial copy numbers were lower, and mtDNA and Rac1 promoter DNA methylation was exacerbated. At 6 months, retinopathy was comparable in T2D and T1D rats, suggesting that obesity exaggerates hyperglycemia-induced epigenetic modifications, accelerating mitochondrial damage and diabetic retinopathy. Thus, maintenance of good lifestyle and BMI could be beneficial in regulating epigenetic modifications and preventing/retarding retinopathy in patients with diabetes.
Surgical Hemostasis for Severe Multisystem Pelvic Injuries
Authors: Kazhanov I. V. , Demko A. Y. , Manukovsky V. A. , Mikityuk S. I. , Reva V. A. , Kolchanov E. A. , Pavlov D. V.
Published: January 2020

For the treatment of patients with severe multysistem pelvic trauma accompanied by pelvic bleeding, many algorithms have been proposed that have different procedures for the use of various methods of surgical hemostasis, but none of them may guarantee the complete arrest of pelvic bleeding. The purpose of this study was to estimate clinical efficacy and developed algorithm, aimed at timely diagnosis of intrapelvic bleeding and its complete arrest with the help of different methods of surgical hemostasis in patients with severe concomitant injury of the pelvis. The article analyzes the results of treatment of 168 patients with unstable pelvic ring injuries and signs of intrapelvic bleeding, who were treated in two trauma centers of the first level in St. Petersburg: I.I. Dzhanelidze St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine and Military Surgery Clinic of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy in 2010-2018. The victims were divided into two statistically homogeneous groups. In the comparison group (75 people), the pelvic ring was mechanically stabilized with the Ganz C-clamp or the anterior part of the pelvis was fixed with an external fixation device (EFD), and the arrest of the ongoing pelvic bleeding was expected due to occur due to the effect of biological tamponade. In the main group (93 people), after mechanical stabilization of the pelvic ring, various methods of surgical hemostasis were used: balloon occlusion of the aorta, pelvic tamponade, angiography with embolization. The choice of method for surgical haemostasis after trauma depended on the severity of the affected condition of hemodynamic parameters, availability of life-threatening consequences of damage to other areas of the body and the efficacy of previously applied method for intrapelvic bleeding arrest. The introduction of modern diagnostic and treatment algorithm, aimed at complete hemostasis in patients with ongoing intrapelvic bleeding reduced the overall mortality rate by 1.7 times, mortality within 24 hours of admission by 2.3 times, as well as the duration and the volume of blood transfusion therapy by 3 and 1.8 times.

Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.
Post-Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Femoral Artery Associated with Arteriovenous Fistula in a 32-Year-Old Male Patient (Clinical Observation)
Authors: Leshchinskaya O. V. , Kudryashova N. Y. , Mikhaylov I. P. , Chernysheva O. A. , Migunova E. V. , Lbova O. A.
Published: January 2020

The presented clinical case demonstrates the hybrid imaging SPECT/CT-angiography solutions in the diagnosis of post-traumatic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm combined with arteriovenous fistula. The presented case shows the effective use of CT and radionuclide medicine which allowed detailed of blood flow and tissue perfusion of lower extremities as well as an outcome of surgical treatment to be evaluated.

Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.
Spontaneous Rupture of Aneurysms of the Gastroepiploic Artery
Authors: Danielyan S. N. , Tatarinova E. V. , Tarabrin E. A. , Nefyodova G. A.
Published: January 2020

We report a rare clinical case of spontaneous rupture of the aneurysm left gastroepiploic artery with life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage.

Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.
Low Cost, Quality Treatment and Excellent Hospitality Makes India the Best Destination for Medical Tourism
Authors: Garg Dr. Ruchi , Batra Rahul , Banerji Anirudh
Published: January 2020

Background: Medical Tourism can be defined as the provision of cost effective private medical care in collaboration with the tourism industry for patients needing surgical and other forms of specialized treatment. India stands and leads in the field of medical tourism. This sector has grown rapidly in last few years and have been known by number of countries for its sudden advancement in the field of healthcare, although India is still competing with neighbouring countries which already have a good hold of this market. India offers trained workforce and culture diversity as well as experienced doctors who have names in the list of Padma-Shri awardees in honour of their excellence in the field of health. Methods: The study was conducted in a Super Speciality Hospital in Gurugram for two months, being retrospective and descriptive in nature. Secondary data was taken for the month of January 2018 to March2018 and data for Apriland May 2018 was recorded during the study, a group of 50 patients, selected randomly, were asked for their feedback to know the strengths of medical tourism as well as for the improvement in the hospital. Results: This paper focuses on the process of medical tourism followed in India and the flow of medical tourists traveling to India for their treatment from various countries as well the catchment areas of patient coming to a Super Speciality Hospital in Gurugram. Conclusions: The paper concludes the strengths of developing country like India which attracts a large number of medical tourists from various regions.
Study on Hybrid Solar Wind Power System with PMSG for Power Enhancement Using AI Technique
Authors: Badge Asanna Kumar , Upadhyay Mrs. Madhu
Published: January 2020

This paper reviews different permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) operated in wind energy systems and solar energy systems. A complete survey has been made towards the new contributions for harmonic compensation and new efficient topologies in the last five years to improve the efficiency, reliability and cost of the wind energy system. Different power electronic converters, which are connected between generator and the load/ grid, have been investigated on based on harmonic compensation, efficient working, and high power rating conversion. The wind generation system is still a challenge to extract smooth power from wind. To improve the power quality of the system such as islanding problem and power variation, different renewable storage systems are discussed and compared. Finally, discussion about the different controller is presented to fulfill the load or grid requirement.
Authors: Musslifah Anniez Rachmawati
Published: January 2020

Abstrak:

Beberapa PAUD di karisidenan Surakarta merupakan PAUD yang memposisikan diri sebagai PAUD dengan menyediakan layanan rutin konseling berbasis perilaku (behaviour) bagi Anak  dan wali murid. Layanan konseling rutin ini bertujuan untuk menemukan perilaku maladaptif anak, baik disekolah maupun di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pelatihan konseling behavior terhadap tingkat pemahaman konseling behaviour pada guru PAUD di Kecamatan Jaten, Karanganyar. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh yang signifikan pelatihan konseling behaviour terhadap tingkat pemahaman konseling behaviour pada guru PAUD di Kecamatan Jaten, Karanganyar. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode quasi eksperimen, dengan menggunakan desain eksperimen berbentuk one group pre test-post test design, yang dikenal juga dengan eksperimen semu. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan konseling behaviour secara langsungkepada guru PAUD di Kecamatan Jaten, Karanganyar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis paired sample t-test, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil yang signifikan antara pretest dan posttest (65.44<86.56, sig. 0.000<0.005). Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa pelatihan konseling behavior yang dilakukan efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konseling behavior guru-guru PAUD di Kecamatan Jaten.

 

Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Konseling Behaviour, Guru PAUD
Improving Quality of Water from Murchison Bay using Clay from Chelel, Kapchorwa District, Ugandao
Authors: I. Z Mukasa-Tebandeke , I Karume , H. Z Wasajja , R Nankinga
Published: January 2020

Pollution resulting from increased human activities is threatening Lake Victoria, its effects are characterized by eutrophication, high turbidity, pH, iron(II) concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study we have investigated the effect of Fe-montmorillonite clay from Chelel on turbidity, pH, concentration of iron, total suspended soils, total nutrients and COD of water sampled from Murchison bay watershed of Nakivubo channel south of Kampala. Varying amounts of clay powder was vigorously stirred with water samples for 5 minutes, filtered using Whitman paper at ambient temperatures. The optimum concentration of clay of 0.4gl-1 was found to produce 73.5+ 2% fall in COD indicating elimination of microbes and organic waste. The pH of water became 6.3+ 0.2 showing that impurities had been bound to clay. The turbidity of filtrate dropped to 15.7+ 0.3NTUshowing that clarity of water was improved by adsorption of suspended solids to clay minerals. The concentration of iron(II) fell from 3.7 + 0.3 to 2.5+ 0.2mgl-1 indicating fairly high extent of heavy metal removal from Murchison bay (MB) waters. The TSS and nutrients in MB water   also decreased greatly when clay was stirred with water at ambient temperatures. The available data can be relied on to recommend use of this clay in treatment of waste water and/or sewage from Kampala. Further studies on combined use of clays with alums, zeolites and/or lime need to be carried out.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Language Proficiency and Economic Income of Chinese and Vietnamese Border Residents: A Case Study of Dongxing City, Guangxi Province
Authors: Chenglin Bian , Jinlin Liu , Liuyan Yang , Zhiyao Bian
Published: January 2020

Based on the full sample survey of border residents in Dongxing City, Guangxi, this paper uses language economics theory and data analysis methods to analyze the relationship between language proficiency and income of border residents in Dongxing City, Guangxi. The conclusions of the study include: multilingual ability can enhance residents' self-employment ability, obtain more employment opportunities and stable income sources, and have a positive correlation with their annual income. Putonghua popularization is an effective measure to promote poverty alleviation in border areas; Government departments should optimize and improve local industrial policies and promote the promotion and protection of traditional cultures of ethnic minorities while giving full play to the positive economic and social benefits of Putonghua popularization and cultivating new economic drivers.
Primary malignant melanoma of the parotid with extensive metastasis: a case report
Authors: Javed Nabila , Ahmad Iftikhar , Ainy Noor-ul-Ain , Khan Aakif Ullah
Published: January 2020

Background:

Primary malignant melanoma (PMM) of the parotid is a very rare tumor. Herein, we report a case of PMM of the parotid with extensive metastasis.

Case Presentation:

A 25-year-old male patient presented with progressively enlarging firm nodule in the right parotid gland. The patient underwent total right parotidectomy. Histopathology revealed malignant melanoma of the parotid. Metastatic workup demonstrated lymphadenopathy in the ipsilateral cervical, epigasterium and para-aortic regions, metastatic spread in the liver, pancreas, and bones, and thereby, was not fit for any oncological intervention.

Conclusion:

This study indicates that PMM of the parotid is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy.
Mecanismos y estrategias defensivas en el trabajo
Authors: Pla Ignacio
Published: January 2020

Las defensas psicológicas desplegadas por el individuo y el grupo en situación de trabajo son la puesta en funcionamiento de una serie de operaciones inconscientes, cuyo fin es la regulación y control simbólico de ansiedades y sufrimientos despertados por la misma organización del trabajo. El Psicoanálisis, el Socioanálisis y la Psicodinámica del Trabajo plantean el carácter funcional de las defensas, además de su participación en las resistencias al cambio.
Violencia política: algunos problemas clínicos actuales / Political violence: Some current clinical problems
Authors: Hidalgo Leiva Natalia
Published: January 2020

Los tratamientos a víctimas de la dictadura chilena se ven desafiados por la mutación de la población atendida, los acontecimientos sociales y su correlación con los tiempos psíquicos. Se reflexiona sobre tres problemáticas incrementadas recientemente en PRAIS Oriente: el aumento de hijos y nietos como población atendida; la solicitud de elaborar “Informes de Daño” por tortura u otras formas de violencia política, dado el incremento de querellas contra el Estado; el reconocimiento de la tortura sexual como un apremio específico
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The treatments to victims of the Chilean dictatorship are challenged by the mutation of the population taken care of, social events, and their correlation with psychic timing. The article reflects on three problems recently increased in Eastern PRAIS: the increase in children and grandchildren as population taken care of; the request to prepare "Damage Reports" for torture or other forms of political violence, given the increase in lawsuits against the State; the recognition of sexual torture as a specific constraint.
Keywords: political violence, transgenerationality of trauma, damage reports for human rights violations, sexual torture
Historia parafii pw. św. Michała Archanioła w Opolu-Półwsi w latach 1937-1958
Authors: Drygier Mariusz
Published: January 2020

Posługa duszpasterska pierwszego proboszcza parafii św. Michała w Opolu-Półwsi, ks. Wilhelma Görlicha przypadła na lata 1937–1958. Jeszcze w czasach hitlerowskich świątynię budowano jako kościół parafialny i garnizonowy. Podczas II wojny światowej największym wyzwaniem była ochrona parafian przed ideologią nazistowską. Od zimy 1944 r. znakami czasu stały się ewakuacja, śmierć i zniszczenia. Uszkodzeniom uległ i kościół. Wiosną 1945 r. parafianie znaleźli się już w innym kontekście: Opolszczyzna stała się częścią Polski. Zapoczątkowano odbudowę i tworzenie nowego społeczeństwa – składającego się ze Ślązaków i migrujących Polaków. Duszpasterstwa nie ułatwiały władze państwowe. Mimo sukcesów ks. W. Görlich opuścił parafię i w 1958 r. wyemigrował na Bawarię.
Gotteserfahrung heute – Wie kann man Gott überhaupt erfahren?
Authors: Werbick Jürgen
Published: January 2020

Erfahrungen sind Lern-Herausforderungen. Eine Erfahrung machen heißt in diesem Sinne wahrzunehmen und zu verstehen, wie ich angesichts des mir Widerfahrenen meine Annahmen, Vorstellungen und Einstellungen umarbeiten muss. Die Bibel bezeugt Gotteserfahrungen, in denen jeweils Gott als Herausforderung zur Erneuerung des Lebens wahrgenommen wurde und einen Lernprozess provozierte, der Gott, die Menschen, Geschichte und Welt neu sehen lehrte: Gott wird mit-erfahren; er wird wahrgenommen als der Mit-Wirkende, das Leben in Fülle Initiierende, als die verheißungsvolle Herausforderung, sich auf das einzulassen, was er – neutestamentlich gesprochen – als sein Reich mit den Menschen anfangen will.
Orbitofrontal approach for the fenestration of a symptomatic sellar arachnoid cyst
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Burke William , Yeo Heegok , McCallum Abigail , Clark Jeremy , Williams Brian
Published: January 2020

Background:

Sellar arachnoid cysts (SACs) are rare lesions and incidentally found on brain imaging. The pathophysiology is poorly understood. Some authors suggested that SACs develop as a herniation of arachnoid membrane through the diaphragma sellae followed by cyst formation. Furthermore, Meyer et al. postulated that SACs are formed by splitting of the arachnoid layers. Symptomatic SACs present with headache, visual field deficit, or pituitary dysfunction. The data are limited on the indications and timing for intervention. We present a case of symptomatic SAC that was fenestrated using orbitofrontal approach.

Case Description:

A 64-year-old female presented with chronic headaches and blurriness of vision. She was previously diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) that was treated with desmopressin, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her brain at that time was normal. Later on, she developed severe headaches that were managed medically. A year later, she had an episode of generalized seizure that led to the discovery of SAC on brain MRI. On examination, she had a left-sided monocular temporal hemianopia. The patient underwent an orbitofrontal craniotomy for fenestration of the SAC. At 6-month follow-up, her headaches had significantly improved with the resolution of the visual deficit. In addition, the DI had resolved, and the desmopressin was discontinued.

Conclusion:

SACs are rare with no consensus on the indications for surgery. Our experience suggests that fenestration of SAC through transcranial approach is a valid option for patients with visual deficit and/or pituitary dysfunction.
Ippolit Novsky and Vladimir Pollak: In Love with Theatre (Biographical Materials)
Authors: Veksler Asya F.
Published: January 2020

Ippolit Novsky and Vladimir Pollak are the names that will say nothing to modern theatergoers, and even those experts who know the theatrical past of our country well may hardly recollect them. Nevertheless, these two made their contribution to the development of Russian theatrical art. Educated, multi-talented, antiquity experts, they, unfortunately, did not leave any memoirs. Even their letters are almost not survived to our days. The Soviet history of the 1930s knows many similar examples. That time, when people had to destroy their priceless records, personal correspondence, their own memories, can be called the New Middle Ages. Unfortunately, that fully affected our heroes, especially V. Pollak, who was an assistant director in the V.F. Komissarzhevskaya Leningrad Drama Theater in the 1960s.

Otherwise, we would surely know much more about their lives and companionship. And the people around them were more than worthy of our notice.

Hereditary nobleman Ippolit Petrovich Semenovsky (pseudonym — Novsky) was a close friend of E.B. Vakhtangov and B.M. Sushkevich; together with the collaboration of B.M. Sushkevich and N.N. Bromley, he shared their Leningrad creative period. He played first in the Moscow Art Thea­ter, and then on the stage of the A.S. Pushkin Leningrad State Academic Drama Theater, taught ac­ting at the Cent­ral Theater School, in the workshops of B.M. Sush­kevich and E.I. Time, and at the Kare­lian-Finnish Studio.

During the siege of Leningrad, I.P. Novsky was working on the radio, and the works of Russian classics in his performance supported the strength and hope of the Leningraders. I.P. Novsky and V.M. Pollak had to go through many dramatic events, but they retained their devotion and deep love for the theater. They were among those inconspicuous but indispensable servants of Melpomene.
Internet addiction test in foreign students from Romania
Authors: Herţa Dana-Cristina , Muhammad Amin , Nemeș Bogdan , Coman Horia
Published: January 2020

The problematic internet usage in academic youth is increassingly relevant for overall health and functioning, yet little studied and poorly defined to this date. 
Aim . To investigate the associations between the level of internet usage and self-reported well-being, and also the association between the level of internet usage and demographic parameters (age, gender, faculty, year of study, relationship status, country of permanent residence) in foreign medical students. 
Materials and method. In May 2019, 110 foreign students from the French and English section of medicine and dentistry faculties, from the “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, signed the consent and filled in a self-reported questionnaire including demographic data, Internet Addiction Test, World Health Organization well-being questionnaire (WHO-5). 
Results . The higher levels of internet usage in medical university foreign students were associated with lower levels of self-reported well-being. The level of internet usage was significantly lower in students from EU and associated countries than in those from non-EU countries. The second year students reported the highest levels of internet usage, while those in years 4 and 5 reported the lowest levels. Men reported higher levels of internet usage than women. 
Discussion and conclusions. Further assessments, such as the type of internet activities of male and female students, cutoffs for problematic internet usage, cultural issues, perceived stress and coping mechanisms in relationship with internet usage level, can give us a better understanding of internet usage and of its health impact in academic youth.
A model for the evaluation of spirituality and resilience in major depressive disorder
Authors: Popescu Emilia-Cristina , Cozman Doina
Published: January 2020

Depression is an important public health problem at the moment. There are data that can influence the spiritual spirit and resilience on major depression, can be studied imposingly and to cope with a Romanian population.  The study will evaluate the spirituality, resilience, symptoms and severity of depression and suicide risk on a sample of adult patients diagnosed with major depression. The control group will consist of participants without psychiatric background, comparable as age and sex with the first group. Patients will undergo a structured psychiatric interview (M.I.N.I. – International Neuropsychiatric Interview), will complete a demographic questionnaire and will assessed with a depression scale, suicide risk scale, resilience and spirituality scale.  Spirituality and religiosity become an area of interest for the study of depression protective factors. The present paper may propose to demonstrate the beneficial influence of the spirituality on the symptoms of major depression and the reduction of suicide risk in major depressive disorder. If the study will find a statistically significant correlation between spirituality and suicide risk reduction, it will emphasize the importance of spirituality in the evolution of psychiatric patients and it may change their approach and management.
Mildly Acidic Aluminosilicate Catalysts for Stable Performance in Ethanol Dehydration
Authors: Styskalik Ales , Vykoukal Vit , Fusaro Luca , Aprile Carmela , Debecker Damien
Published: January 2020

Ethanol dehydration is effectively catalyzed by strongly acidic zeolite catalysts which are known, however, to exhibit poor time on stream stability. Alumina and silica-alumina on the other hand are relatively stable but reach only low activity levels. Here, a series of aluminosilicate catalysts (Si:Al ratio = 16) was prepared by non-hydrolytic sol-gel (NHSG) and are shown to feature an intermediate level of activity, between the HZSM-5 zeolite and a commercial silica-alumina. Importantly, the best samples, were very stable with time on stream. Unlike HZSM-5, which also catalyzes ethylene oligomerization due to its strong acid sites and is therefore prone to coking, NHSG prepared catalysts did not produce any traces of ethylene oligomers and did not show any trace of coke formation. Characterization (ICP-OES, N2 physisorption, TEM, XPS, IR coupled with pyridine adsorption, Raman spectroscopy, solid state NMR spectroscopy) reveal that the unconventional synthetic method presented here allowed to prepare mesoporous aluminosilicate materials with a remarkable degree of homogeneity. It is this thorough dispersion of Al in the amorphous silicate matrix which is responsible for the formation of acid sites which are intermediate (in terms of strength and nature) between those of commercial silica-alumina and HZSM-5 zeolite. The texture of the best NHSG catalyst – mainly mesoporous with a high specific surface area (800 m² g−1) and pore volume (0.5 cm³ g−1) – was also unaffected after reaction. To overcome deactivation issues in ethanol dehydration, this study suggests to target amorphous aluminosilicate catalysts with open mesoporosity and with an intimate mixing of Al and Si.
β-glucan: Immune boosting potential and antioxidant candidate
Authors: Abhishek Kamboj  , Aanchal Jain  , Tanya Singh  , Ajam Shaikh  , Amit Gupta
Published: January 2020

In literature, β-glucan is abundantly found in oats and currently used as well as tested against various varieties of food products. The objective of our study is to evaluate its immune-boosting potential of β-glucan extracted from oats and tested against specific protein antigen i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and also measure its antioxidant activity. For these studies, β-glucan using variable concentration and tested in human whole blood samples (exposed with an optimized concentration of bovine serum albumin, BSA) and examined its immune-boosting potential. In contrast, estimation of Th1 (IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines were also measured from cell culture supernatant and also measured its antioxidant potential through DPPH assay. The results showed that β-glucan enhanced immune-boosting activity in a concentration-dependent manner against BSA. In contrast, there is enhancement in Th2 (IL-4) cytokines in a dose-dependent manner, but there is no significant effect in Th1 (IFN-gamma) as compared to control. In addition, β-glucan showed drastic enhanced antioxidant potential, which is confirmed through DPPH assay. The data demonstrate that β-glucan showing immune-boosting properties and antioxidant potential.
Evaluation of storage temperature, packaging system and storage duration on postharvest quality of straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea)
Authors: M.J. Nur Sakinah , Misran A. , Mahmud T.M.M. , Abdullah S. , Azhar M.
Published: January 2020

Volvariella volvacea is an edible mushroom, highly perishable and has a very short shelf
life (1-2 days) at room temperature (RT). This research was conducted to determine the
postharvest qualities at different storage temperatures (10, 15ºC, and RT) and storage
durations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days) in perforated polyethylene (PE) films. V. volvacea stored
at 15°C showed lower weight loss, no veil opening and retained higher firmness. Thus, the
mushrooms were expanded to examine the optimum packaging systems (perforation, PVC
film wrap, vacuum and control) applied to V. volvacea for 0-8 d at 15ºC. PVC film was
shown to maintain higher firmness, lower weight loss, browning degree, and PPO enzyme
activity compared to other packaging. Minor damages and ultrastructure tissue shrivelling
were seen in PVC film packaging. Overall, V. volvacea was best stored at 15°C in PVC
film to retain their quality and extend its shelf life.
Presentación de los editores
Authors: Pérez Chico David , López de Lizaga José Luis
Published: January 2020

Presentación de los editores
Bulgaria’s geopolitical and geoeconomic reorientation (1989–2019)
Authors: Mihaylov Valentin
Published: January 2020

Until the late 1980s and the dawn of the end of the Eastern Bloc, communist Bulgaria was considered to be the closest ally of the Soviet Union. Now, 30 years later, the Bulgarian state has been integrated into the main Euro-Atlantic organisations. Taking these radical changes as its starting point, this article outlines the process and consequences of post-1989 geopolitical and geoeconomic reorientation of Bulgaria. The aim was also to present the main geopolitical challenges in Bulgaria’s relations with Russia and Turkey. These states have been influencing the political, economic and cultural development of Bulgaria for centuries. The effects of their influence have remained problematic to this day. As Bulgaria remains a country with a complex geopolitical position, it continues its twentieth-century strategy and tries to maintain balance between its own national interest and the influence of the main centres of power. The author draws particular attention to the fact that the model based on the variability of geopolitical priorities was once again confirmed in the analysed period. This model is not only based on pragmatism in relations with the outside world, which is traditional for the Bulgarian political elite, but is also dependant on the temporary distribution of power within the Balkan geopolitical knot. It seems that the model will continue to be valid, at least in the near future.
Changes of political theories in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Nocoń Jarosław
Published: January 2020

In the countries of Middle and Eastern Europe the collapse of „real socialism” was followed by the annulment of political and ideological supervision over scientific researches. Since then the political theory has been developing in an unembarrassed way, drawing investigative patterns with the tradition of western political sciences. Form this perspective, the expression „westernization” used with regard to political theory signifies the process of going away from Marxism and historical materialism. The article focuses on two essential trends of this process. The main consequence is the pluralization of theoretical bases of investigations, which signifies not only differentation, but also the lack of predominant theory. The international program for monitoring the development since 1990, shows that new investigative trends disclose a division between the traditional and current model of politology, which demonstrates the topicality of arguments raised in western academic debatesover the theoretical condition and status of political science discipline.
The Chosen Village Head Leadership in Carrying Out Government Duties: Analysis Study of Sidoharjo Village Head, Susukan, Semarang
Authors: Musta’an
Published: January 2020

This study is entitled Leadership of Selected Village Heads in Carrying Out Government Duties (Analysis Study of Sidoharjo Village Head, Susukan District). The focus of this research is about how the Village Chief Leadership Style in Sidoharjo Village Head, Susukan District and the purpose of this study is to find out the Village Head Leadership Style in Sidoharjo Village Head, Susukan District. This study is classified as a descriptive study with core questionnaire instruments and data analysis techniques using the presentation of the frequency table of the results of questionnaires from respondents who have been determined based on questions about the 4 leadership styles based on expert theory used as grand theory in this study. The results showed that the leadership style that tends to be applied by village heads in carrying out their daily tasks and functions is the leadership style of Democracy. Democratic leadership style can be seen from the involvement or active participation of Sidoharjo village head in deciding problems in every activity of the organization / office. In addition, the Village Head also prioritizes democracy in his administration by always holding deliberations to reach consensus in making every decision.
Estrategias para combatir el edadismo: ¿formación específica sobre envejecimiento o contacto intergeneracional?
Authors: Lorente Martínez Raquel , Brotons Rodes Paula , Sitges Maciá Esther
Published: January 2020

Desde el Modelo PEACE se sugiere que realizar intervenciones combinadas (educación sobre el envejecimiento y contacto intergeneracional) es la mejor estrategia para combatir el edadismo. Este estudio pretende observar el impacto del aprendizaje experiencial al comprobar empíricamente si el contacto intergeneracional tiene efectos sobre los estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez de un grupo de estudiantes que había recibido previamente formación teórica sobre el envejecimiento en un programa de voluntariado universitario. Se realizó un diseño pre-post sin grupo control con 18 participantes del programa. Los estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez se evaluaron mediante la escala CENVE, comparando los datos de los participantes en dos momentos temporales (tras recibir la formación teórica y tras realizar la práctica de contacto intergeneracional). Se observó una reducción estadísticamente significativa de los estereotipos relacionados con aspectos motivacionales y sociales del envejecimiento tras realizar la práctica de contacto intergeneracional, aspecto en el que no mostraron cambios tras haber recibido la formación teórica del Programa, respecto al pre-test. Este hallazgo evidencia el potencial de los programas combinados para eliminar estereotipos edadistas en contextos educativos.
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN JOBSHEET MATA PELAJARAN PRAKTIKUM AKUNTANSI LEMBAGA/ INSTANSI PEMERINTAHAN BAGI TIM MGMP AKUNTANSI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Sari Vita Fitria , Afriyenti Mayar , Arza Fefri Indra , Setiawan Mia Angelina
Published: January 2020

Sejak diterbitkan SK Dirjen Dikdasmen No.130/D/KEP/KR/2017 tentang Struktur Kurikulum SMK Terbaru pada awal tahun 2017 dan yang mulai diberlakukan sejak tanggal 10 Februari 2017 telah membawa banyak perubahan dalam struktur kurikulum SMK. Perubahan yang terjadi adalah munculnya mata pelajaran “praktikum akuntansi lembaga/instansi pemerintahan” yang akan diajarkan pada kelas XI dan XII. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah akuntansi pemerintahan adalah bidang yang baru bagi tim MGMP Akuntansi Provinsi Sumatera Barat sehingga pemahaman dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah masih terbatas dan sampai saat ini tim MGMP Provinsi Sumatera Barat belum memiliki dan belum mempersiapkan jobsheet untuk mata pelajaran “praktikum akuntansi lembaga/instansi pemerintahan”, padahal mata pelajaran ini akan mulai diajarkan pada tahun ajaran 2018/2019 untuk kelas XI. Drill learning adalah metode pengajaran yang tepat untuk mata pelajaran “praktikum akuntansi lembaga/instansi pemerintahan”. Untuk memperlancar metode drill learning maka dibutuhkan media pembelajaran yang berisi latihan-latihan yang dapat dikerjakan oleh siswa berupa jobsheet. Kegiatan ini telah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mempersiapkan dan menyelesaikan jobsheet mata pelajaran “praktikum akuntansi lembaga/instansi pemerintahan”, ini dibuktikan pada akhir kegiatan peserta telah dapat menyelesaikan latihan kasus penyusunan laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah dengan nilai rata-rata 97.72 melebihi target dari kegiatan ini. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru-guru akuntansi peserta dalam kegiatan ini telah siap untuk mengajar mata pelajaran “praktikum akuntansi lembaga/instansi pemerintahan” dengan menggunakan metode drill learning.
MENGEMBANGKAN UKM MELALUI PELATIHAN INTERNET MARKETING DI KECAMATAN LENGKONG KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Veranita Mira , Syahidin Yuda , Gunardi Gunardi
Published: January 2020

Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Indonesia, memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan eknomi dan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Selain itu, UKM juga memiliki keunggulan lain yaitu memiliki kecepatan inovasi, memiliki fleksibilitas dan biaya operasional yang rendah. Namun dalam perkembangannya, UKM di Indonesia juga mengalami berbagai permasalahan, antara lain hambatan dalam pemasaran yaitu kesulitan memperkenalkan produk-produknya dan memperluas area pemasaran, khususnya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Internet Marketing. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, telah diselenggarakan Pelatihan Internet Marketing bagi UKM di Kecamatan Lengkong Kota Bandung, yang memperkenalkan peserta pada pengertian, manfaat, metode, strategi, teknik dan lingkungan Internet marketing dengan memanfaatkan Medsos, Blog, Mesin Pencari, Market Place dan Video marketing. Setelah Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan, diharapkan UKM meningkat pengetahuan dan kesadarannya tentang pentingnya Internet Marketing, dan memanfaatkannya dalam pengembangan pemasaran produknya.
PEMANFAATAN PRODUK PRELOVED UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
Authors: Supriani Yani , Giyanti Giyanti , Sholahudin Usep
Published: January 2020

Pada saat sekarang ini, sudah banyak kita lihat pemanfaatan preloved atau barang bekas yang menghasilkan barang baru yang sangat memiliki nilai dan berdaya guna, hal inilah yang mendasari penulis menggunakan media produk preloved dalam proses pembelajaran matematika pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 kota Serang pada materi pengukuran, sudut dan garis serta bangun datar. Dengan berbasis experiential learning yang menekankan pembelajaran tidak hanya berpusat pada guru tetapi juga pada siswa, sehingga siswa mendapatkan pengalaman karena membuat sendiri media pembelajarannya, maka terlihat hasil pembelajaran siswa menunjukkan adanya peningkatan antara hasil pretes dengan hasil post-test. Sebelum pembelajaran experiential learning dengan pemanfaatan produk preloved rata – rata kemampuan awal matematis siswa sebesar 32,45 namun setelah pembelajaran experiential learning dengan pemanfaat produk preloved terdapat peningkatan rata – rata kemampuan justifikasi sebesar 42,31. Dengan demikian terdapatnya efektivitas yang posistif dalam pembelajaran matematika melalui pemanfaatan produk barang bekas.