bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Wearable Inertial Sensors and A New Test Battery for Distinguishing Retrospective Fallers from Non-fallers among Community-dwelling Older People
Authors: Qiu Hai , Rehman Rana Zia Ur , Yu Xiaoqun , Xiong Shuping
Published: October 2018

Considering the challenge of population ageing and the substantial health problem among the elderly population from falls, the purpose of this study was to verify whether it is possible to distinguish accurately between older fallers and non-fallers, based on data from wearable inertial sensors collected during a specially designed test battery. A comprehensive but practical test battery using 5 wearable inertial sensors for multifactorial fall risk assessment was designed. This was followed by an experimental study on 196 community-dwelling Korean older women, categorized as fallers (N1 = 82) and non-fallers (N2 = 114) based on prior history of falls. Six machine learning models (logistic regression, naïve bayes, decision tree, random forest, boosted tree and support vector machine) were proposed for faller classification. Results indicated that compared with non-fallers, fallers performed significantly worse on the test battery. In addition, the application of sensor data and support vector machine for faller classification achieved an overall accuracy of 89.4% with 92.7% sensitivity and 84.9% specificity. These findings suggest that wearable inertial sensor based systems show promise for elderly fall risk assessment, which could be implemented in clinical practice to identify “at-risk” individuals reliably to promote proactive fall prevention.
AutoImpute: Autoencoder based imputation of single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Talwar Divyanshu , Mongia Aanchal , Sengupta Debarka , Majumdar Angshul
Published: October 2018

The emergence of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies has enabled us to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes at single-cell resolution. However, insufficient quantities of starting RNA in the individual cells cause significant dropout events, introducing a large number of zero counts in the expression matrix. To circumvent this, we developed an autoencoder-based sparse gene expression matrix imputation method. AutoImpute, which learns the inherent distribution of the input scRNA-seq data and imputes the missing values accordingly with minimal modification to the biologically silent genes. When tested on real scRNA-seq datasets, AutoImpute performed competitively wrt., the existing single-cell imputation methods, on the grounds of expression recovery from subsampled data, cell-clustering accuracy, variance stabilization and cell-type separability.
Large magnetic anisotropy in chemically engineered iridium dimer
Authors: Liang Xiaoqing , Wu Xue , Hu Jun , Zhao Jijun , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: October 2018

Exploring giant magnetic anisotropy in small magnetic nanostructures is of technological merit for information storage. Large magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) over 50 meV in magnetic nanostructure is desired for practical applications. Here we show the possibility to boost the magnetic anisotropy of the smallest magnetic nanostructure—transition metal dimer. Through systematic first-principles calculations, we proposed an effective way to enhance the MAE of an iridium dimer from 77 meV to 223–294 meV by simply attaching a halogen atom at one end of the Ir–Ir bond. The underlying mechanism for the enormous MAE is attributed to the rearrangement of the molecular orbitals which alters the spin-orbit coupling Hamiltonian and hence the magnetic anisotropy. Our strategy can be generalized to design other magnetic molecules or clusters to obtain giant magnetic anisotropy.
GHWR, a multi-method global heatwave and warm-spell record and toolbox
Authors: Raei Ehsan , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , AghaKouchak Amir , Mazdiyasni Omid , Sadegh Mojtaba
Published: October 2018

Heatwaves are extended periods of unusually high temperatures with significant societal and environmental impacts. Despite their significance, there is not a generalized definition for heatwaves. In this paper, we introduce a multi-method global heatwave and warm-spell data record and analysis toolbox (named GHWR). In addition to a comprehensive long-term global data record of heatwaves, GHWR allows processing and extracting heatwave records for any location efficiently. We use traditional constant temperature threshold methods, as well as spatially and temporally localized threshold approaches to identify heatwaves. GHWR includes binary (0/1) occurrence records of heatwaves/warm-spells, and annual summary files with detailed information on their frequency, duration, magnitude and amplitude. GHWR also introduces the standardized heat index (SHI) as a generalized statistical metric to identify heatwave/warm-spells. SHI has direct association with the probability distribution function of long-term daily temperatures for any given calendar day and spatial grid. Finally, GHWR offers a unique opportunity for users to select the type of heatwave/warm-spell information from a plethora of methods based on their needs and applications.
Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution
Authors: Beck Hylke E. , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , McVicar Tim R. , Vergopolan Noemi , Berg Alexis , Wood Eric F.
Published: October 2018

We present new global maps of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification at an unprecedented 1-km resolution for the present-day (1980–2016) and for projected future conditions (2071–2100) under climate change. The present-day map is derived from an ensemble of four high-resolution, topographically-corrected climatic maps. The future map is derived from an ensemble of 32 climate model projections (scenario RCP8.5), by superimposing the projected climate change anomaly on the baseline high-resolution climatic maps. For both time periods we calculate confidence levels from the ensemble spread, providing valuable indications of the reliability of the classifications. The new maps exhibit a higher classification accuracy and substantially more detail than previous maps, particularly in regions with sharp spatial or elevation gradients. We anticipate the new maps will be useful for numerous applications, including species and vegetation distribution modeling. The new maps including the associated confidence maps are freely available via www.gloh2o.org/koppen.
The temporal network of mobile phone users in Changchun Municipality, Northeast China
Authors: Du Zhanwei , Yang Yongjian , Gao Chao , Huang Liping , Huang Qiuyang , Bai Yuan
Published: October 2018

Mobile data are a feasible way for us to understand and reveal the feature of human mobility. However, it is extremely hard to have a fine-grained picture of large-scale mobility data, in particular at an urban scale. Here, we present a large-scale dataset of 2-million mobile phone users with time-varying locations, denoted as the temporal network of individuals, conducted by an open-data program in Changchun Municipality. To reveal human mobility across locations, we further construct the aggregated mobility network for each day by taking cellular base stations as nodes coupled by edges weighted by the total number of users’ movements between pairs of nodes. The resulting temporal network of mobile phone users and the dynamic, weighted and directed mobility network are released in simple formats for easy access to motivating research using this new and extensive data of human mobility.
A 3D geological model of a structurally complex Alpine region as a basis for interdisciplinary research
Authors: Thornton James M. , Mariethoz Gregoire , Brunner Philip
Published: October 2018

Certain applications, such as understanding the influence of bedrock geology on hydrology in complex mountainous settings, demand 3D geological models that are detailed, high-resolution, accurate, and spatially-extensive. However, developing models with these characteristics remains challenging. Here, we present a dataset corresponding to a renowned tectonic entity in the Swiss Alps - the Nappe de Morcles - that does achieve these criteria. Locations of lithological interfaces and formation orientations were first extracted from existing sources. Then, using state-of-the-art algorithms, the interfaces were interpolated. Finally, an iterative process of evaluation and re-interpolation was undertaken. The geology was satisfactorily reproduced; modelled interfaces correspond well with the input data, and the estimated volumes seem plausible. Overall, 18 formations, including their associated secondary folds and selected faults, are represented at 10 m resolution. Numerous environmental investigations in the study area could benefit from the dataset; indeed, it is already informing integrated hydrological (snow/surface-water/groundwater) simulations. Our work demonstrates the potential that now exists to develop complex, high-quality geological models in support of contemporary Alpine research, augmenting traditional geological information in the process.
A stereoselective sequential organocascade and multicomponent approach for the preparation of tetrahydropyridines and chimeric derivatives
Authors: Echemendía Radell , da Silva Gustavo P. , Kawamura Meire Y. , de la Torre Alexander F. , Corrêa Arlene G. , Ferreira Marco A. B. , Rivera Daniel G. , Paixão Márcio W.
Published: October 2018

A stereoselective multicomponent approach leading to a novel class of pentasubstituted tetrahydropyridines is described.
Halo-phenyl based linear dipodal receptors for entrapment of anions/anionic associations within neutral non-cooperative self-assemblies
Authors: Manna Utsab , Das Gopal
Published: October 2018

Purposeful design of rigid linear dipodal bis-urea scaffolds for the inspection of neutral self-assembly formation via coordination with anions or anionic associations.
The crucial role of electron transfer from interfacial molecules in the negative potential shift of Au electrode immersed in ionic liquids
Authors: Inagaki Taichi , Takenaka Norio , Nagaoka Masataka
Published: October 2018

Electron transfer from both cations and anions to the Au surface contributes dominantly to the electrode potential shift.
Why is the change of the Johari–Goldstein β-relaxation time by densification in ultrastable glass minor?
Authors: Ngai K. L. , Paluch Marian , Rodríguez-Tinoco Cristian
Published: October 2018

Coupling-Model-based theoretical explanation of the minor change of JG β-relaxation achieved by ultrastability in contrast to the dramatic change in α-relaxation.
Identifying groundwater compartmentalisation for hydraulic fracturing risk assessments
Authors: Wilson M. P. , Worrall F. , Davies R. J. , Hart A.
Published: October 2018

Groundwater quality and seismic reflection data are combined to identify compartmentalisation in the Bowland Basin, northwest England, thereby providing a method that could be applied to other prospective shale basins.
Anaerobic electrogenic oxidation of toluene in a continuous-flow bioelectrochemical reactor: process performance, microbial community analysis, and biodegradation pathways
Authors: Palma Enza , Daghio Matteo , Espinoza Tofalos Anna , Franzetti Andrea , Cruz Viggi Carolina , Fazi Stefano , Petrangeli Papini Marco , Aulenta Federico
Published: October 2018

High-rate anaerobic oxidation of toluene was achieved in a continuous-flow bioelectrochemical system.
Licochalcone A inhibits the invasive potential of human glioma cells by targeting the MEK/ERK and ADAM9 signaling pathways
Authors: Huang Chien-Feng , Yang Shun-Fa , Chiou Hui-Ling , Hsu Wen-Hung , Hsu Jen-Chieh , Liu Chung-Jung , Hsieh Yi-Hsien
Published: October 2018

Licochalcone A (LicA) has been reported to possess antitumor properties.
A real recycling loop of sulfur-cured rubber through transalkylation exchange of C–S bonds
Authors: Tang Zhenghai , Liu Yingjun , Huang Qingyi , Zhao Jinshan , Guo Baochun , Zhang Liqun
Published: October 2018

A feasible way to recycle sulfur-cured rubber by engineering transalkylation exchange of C–S bonds in the cross-linked networks is explored.
Electric field induced rotation of halogenated organic linkers in isoreticular metal–organic frameworks for nanofluidic applications
Authors: Namsani Sadanandam , Yazaydin A. Ozgur
Published: October 2018

Electric field induced rotation of IRMOF linkers provides opportunities for controlling the diffusion of molecules for nanofluidic applications.
Tungsten nitride/carbide nanocomposite encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon shell as an effective and durable catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Xu Shihao , Chu Suyun , Yang Liang , Chen Yao , Wang Zhenyang , Jiang Changlong
Published: October 2018

In situ carbonized WOX/aniline hybrid nanoparticles were prepared and used to obtain WN–W2C nanocomposites encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon shell, which demonstrated excellent HER performance.
Organometallic acids with azaborine, oxaborine, azaborole and oxaborole scaffolds
Authors: Valadbeigi Younes
Published: October 2018

Organoboron compounds were used in the design of organometallic acids exhibiting a wide acidity range from weak acids to superacids.
Recent progress in transition metal phosphides with enhanced electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Du Huitong , Kong Rong-Mei , Guo Xiaoxi , Qu Fengli , Li Jinghong
Published: October 2018

The latest advances and perspectives in the development of TMP-based catalysts with enhanced electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution.
Atomic layer deposition for membrane interface engineering
Authors: Yang Hao-Cheng , Waldman Ruben Z. , Chen Zhaowei , Darling Seth B.
Published: October 2018

Atomic layer deposition represents a burgeoning and appealing technique for membrane interface engineering.
Configurable multifunctional integrated circuits based on carbon nanotube dual-material gate devices
Authors: Xiang Li , Wang Yuwei , Zhang Panpan , Fong Xuanyao , Wei Xianlong , Hu Youfan
Published: October 2018

Multifunctional analog/digital integrated circuits based on dual-material-gate structured devices.
Correction: Coaxial-nanostructured MnFe2O4 nanoparticles on polydopamine-coated MWCNT for anode materials in rechargeable batteries
Authors: Kim Hyeongwoo , Lee Jong-Won , Byun Dongjin , Choi Wonchang
Published: October 2018

Correction for ‘Coaxial-nanostructured MnFe2O4 nanoparticles on polydopamine-coated MWCNT for anode materials in rechargeable batteries’ by Hyeongwoo Kim et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 18949–18960.
Light-soaking free organic photovoltaic devices with sol–gel deposited ZnO and AZO electron transport layers
Authors: Jiang Zenan , Soltanian Saeid , Gholamkhass Bobak , Aljaafari Abdullah , Servati Peyman
Published: October 2018

This paper investigates the mechanism of light-soaking effects in inverted organic photovoltaic devices with zinc oxide and aluminum doped ZnO electron transport layers, which is important for development of low-cost and stable solar cells.
Role of hexafluoroisopropanol in C–H activation
Authors: Sinha Soumya Kumar , Bhattacharya Trisha , Maiti Debabrata
Published: October 2018

HFIP has developed immense importance in the C–H functionalization methodology. Both the reactivity and selectivity have been vastly improved using HFIP whose H-bonding to the substrate facilitates and accelerates C–H activation. This review summarizes the chronological development of the evolution of HFIP in C–H activation along with important mechanistic details.
Rational molecular design for realizing high performance sky-blue-emitting gold(iii) complexes with monoaryl auxiliary ligands and their applications for both solution-processable and vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Tang Man-Chung , Kwok Wing-Kei , Lai Shiu-Lun , Cheung Wai-Lung , Chan Mei-Yee , Wing-Wah Yam Vivian
Published: October 2018

Sky-blue-emitting arylgold(iii) complexes have been synthesized for OLEDs with EQEs of up to 11.3%.
Innovative lithium storage enhancement in cation-deficient anatasevialayered oxide hydrothermal transformation
Authors: Lu Fengqi , Chen Qiang , Geng Shipeng , Allix Mathieu , Wu Hui , Huang Qingzhen , Kuang Xiaojun
Published: October 2018

An innovative strategy for hydrothermal transformation of layered oxide is presented here to prepare cation-deficient Nb-doped TiO2anatase and enhance the lithium storage capacity and rate capability of anatase.
Performance analysis of energy harvesting communications using multiple time slots
Authors: Long Min , Chen Yunfei
Published: October 2018

Energy harvesting provides a promising alternative to batteries and mains used by current wireless devices. However, the power supply in energy harvesting communications becomes dynamic due to the random channels. In this work, the authors study two energy harvesting communications protocols, ‘harvest‐store‐use’ and ‘harvest‐use’. A linear harvester is used to collect energy over multiple time slots for the two protocols. The effective throughput for ‘harvest‐store‐use’ and the average bit error rate for ‘harvest‐use’ are derived. Numerical results show that there exists an optimum number of time slots for the ‘harvest‐store‐use’ protocol to balance the transmission probability and the delay and that the effective throughput approaches an upper limit when the number of time slots increases. Also, for the ‘harvest‐use’ protocol, one should use a small number of time slots to balance the bit error rate performance and the battery consumption.
The technology of combined processing of extruded materials
Authors: Kirillov Oleg , Smolentsev Vladislav , Yukhnevich Sergey
Published: October 2018

The paper considers the peculiarities of combined processing of parts, made from extruded metal blanks with anisotropic electrotechnical properties. It involves the application of an electric field and seeks to achieve the required profile accuracy in any processing direction with precision within the specified tolerance for finishing operations. The study describes the specific nature of the development of current leads and the ways of achieving the required accuracy when combining electro-erosion and electrochemical components of the process in real time, taking account of the position of the pressing force vector relative to the direction of current flow in the zone of combined processing. This gives the opportunity to ensure the process stability and accuracy of processing advanced materials with a wide range of current conductivity variation in components, used when extruding blanks for precision parts. The study employs the methodology of calculating and assigning technological modes of combined processing, formed on the basis of the energetic approach and using the principle of similarity in technological systems. It also involves the adapted process management which allowed for elimination of unstable impacts affecting the accuracy of shape formation and surface layer quality, and expands the area of using combined processing for manufacturing extruded parts with anisotropic properties of components. The article presents the feasibility study of the ways of extending the work results to various types of products, particularly, to processing of welded and soldered joints of metallic materials and coated details where the replacement of traditional processing methods with combined ones significantly increases the opportunities for obtaining high-precision parts with required performance characteristics.
Improving the cutting tool durability by applying multi-layer coatings
Authors: Vereshchagina Alexandra , Vereshchagin Vladislav
Published: October 2018

The interrelation between the stress values in the cutting tool and the working efficiency of the instrument materials, particularly the durability period is considered. The possibility of applying the cutting force as a parameter for assessing the efficiency of using one or another hard-alloy tool, including the choice of the optimal coating is shown. It appears possible because the cutting force, on the whole, reflects the value and the distribution of stress. The graphical illustration of the results obtained is presented.
Reverse engineering as a way to optimize and design parts produced by elastic-medium drawing
Authors: Mironenko Vladimir , Matsuro Elena , Ledovskikh Catherine
Published: October 2018

On the example of an aeronautical part of the classical form for a box-type part, optimization of the cavity elastic forming process using a cover with guaranteed clearance is considered, as well as classical optimization of a part based on modeling and optimization based on the technology of “technological reconstruction”. Schemes of classical cavity elastic forming process and cavity elastic forming process with guaranteed clearance are presented. The main aspects of using NURBS technology for restoring the shape of a part from a finite element mesh are described. The problems arising in the case of classical optimization using simulation and the ways of their solution using “technological reconstruction” are shown. The results of calculation in the form of gradients are presented: plastic deformations; thickness and quality zones based on the Keller-Goodwin limit strain curve.
Multidimensional analysis of monitoring and diagnostic information on the technological process
Authors: Pishchukhin Aleksandr , Akhmedyanova Gulnara
Published: October 2018

The study divides the analysis of monitoring and diagnostic information, leaving for monitoring the parameters of the stationary process, and for diagnostics various transient regimes in the technological process. This, in turn, divides the algorithms of information processing into control of the output from the given boundaries for stationary parameters and the classification and prediction for dynamically changing parameters in a multidimensional space. In view of the large number of monitoring and diagnostic information, as well as due to different algorithms for processing it in an appropriate information system, it is necessary to apply multi-dimensional analysis methods. As diagnostic influences, various jumplike changes of a “natural character” are used, and the state of the equipment allows judging the apparatus of the influence functions. The abrupt changes in the technological process are reflected in the change in its parameters. The reaction to them is weakened as they are removed in accordance with the influence functions. The values of the parameters at the moment of the reaction define a point in the multidimensional parameter space and allow one to relate the state to one or another standard, and to relate the corresponding management algorithm to the standard. The experimental model includes five links simulating the operations of the technological process, a pulsed signal source simulating a step change and five links of propagation delay simulating the duration of operations. The results confirmed theoretical conclusions about the influence functions.
Development of a modern comprehensive technology for extending the life of turbine blades of SGT Siemens power plants and alike
Authors: Berdnik Olga , Tsareva Irina , Krivina Ludmila , Tarasenko Yuriy
Published: October 2018

The post-operational state of the material of the guide blades as a part of the SGT-800 Siemens unit has been analysed in this study. The detailed analysis of the high-loaded zones has been carried out. The technology of the prolongation of blades resource has been developed on the basis of the carried-out study.
Application of protective coatings in combined electric diamond grinding
Authors: Yanyushkin Alexander , Popov Vyacheslav , Rychkov Daniel
Published: October 2018

The article discusses the practical use of combined electro-discharge diamond grinding characterized by metal bond grinding wheel operation in a self-sharpening mode with minimal wheel consumption. The upgrading of grinding equipment technological capabilities at processing high-strength materials is possible due to the galvanic deposition of anti-friction and anti-corrosion films on the surfaces of the diamond wheel and the workpiece. These conditions facilitate the cutting process thereby increasing performance and the quality of the processed surfaces of machine parts. The application of this method provides the diamond wheels operation in self-sharpening mode and guarantees the continuity of its geometric shape which in turn ensures that no defective layer is formed on the treated surface and the cutting tools have longer efficient life.
Deviation from flatness of surfaces after combined peripheral grinding
Authors: Gusev Vladimir G. , Morozov Alexey V.
Published: October 2018

A new method of combined flat peripheral grinding is examined, which allows to carry out simultaneously preliminary and final machining of the planes without replacing the coarse with the fine-grain grinding wheel, to eliminate the auxiliary time for the tool replacement, to correct it and set the grinding equipment in order to accomplish the given size. An experimental multifactor model which relates the surfaces flatness deviation with independent factors of the combined grinding process is established on the basis of which it is possible to assign the cutting conditions that provide the required flatness with the greatest possible longitudinal and cross-feed of the blank.
Improvement of the quality of designed cylindrical grinding cycle with traverse feeding based on the use of digital twin options
Authors: Pereverzev Pavel , Akintseva Aleksandra , Alsigar Masar
Published: October 2018

In practice of automated mechanical adjustment of cutting conditions for internal grinding operations at the CNC Machine, is carried out on many of control parameters (ccutting regimes, characteristics and geometric parameters of the wheels, etc.) and absence of effective methods of treatment and design of cycles (a normative reference, methods engineering techniques and Automated Design Systems). All this leads to the fact that cycles for CNC machines are selected the same as for manually processing of a number of workpieces in a single cycle. In order to meet the accuracy requirements and quality design optimized for manually initially cycles, which have low regime’s parameters. Therefore, the cycles obtained by the method of selection are not high-performance and they do not provide minimal processing time. This article discusses the use of a digital twin, which performs virtual testing for a specified grinding cycle, on the possibility of spoilage appearance at some combination of variable technological factors to improve the quality and reliability of control programs for CNC machines. Virtual testing of the digital twin is carried out by modelling the process of allowance removal for the whole processing cycle of the workpiece batch with different variables of technological factors, changing in the specified ranges of variation.
Refinement issue of displaced volume at upsetting of cylindrical workpiece by radial dies
Authors: Artiukh Viktor , Kukhar Volodymyr , Balalayeva Elena
Published: October 2018

By analyzing the problem of upsetting of a workpiece by radial dies, an improved solution for determining the displaced volume was obtained. The value of the displaced volume is the basis for calculating such an important technological criterion as the engineering strain range of the workpiece during the upsetting. It is revealed that the main difficulty lies in calculating the volume that is placed between the contact surface and the end protuberances of the deformed workpiece, which requires the involvement of numerical or tabular integration methods that do not provide a complete solution.
The device for center adjustment of pipe joints to carry out welding works when building and major repairing main pipelines
Authors: Akhmedov Asvar
Published: October 2018

The device is created to carry out high-quality center adjustment of pipe joints setting a required opening between the joints’ edges. The proposed device is totally autonomous and can be applied in all the climatic zones of Russia. The proposed device in the paper is adapted to the conventional method of major repairs with a partial replacement of pipes. The device excludes the use of internal clamps. To visualize the process, simulation 3D models have been developed. The use of the device will enable to improve the equipment for the repair and construction site. The device can be used both in the site and the field conditions. Applying the proposed device enables to weld pipe joints not only in the length but also in the strings. The outriggers are applied to spatially stabilize the device in the working process. The management of the device is done with a remote control console which enables to quickly prepare it for service.
Contact ability optimization of the surface of titanium parts with different stiffness during flat grinding by highly porous wheel
Authors: Soler Yakov I. , Mai Dinh Si , Kazimirov Denis Yu.
Published: October 2018

In order to improve the contact performance properties, we present optimization of flat grinding of titanium parts in accordance with two parameters: the relative bearing length of the profile and the relative bearing part of the parts’ surface that allow to assess the quality of the surface at the micro- and macro-scale. It is established that in order to achieve the set goal, grinding should be carried out with a minimum lateral feed ratesΠ= 2.0 mm/double pass, and the remaining technological parameters are selected depending on the rigidity of the parts and the direction of its variation.
Effect of applied load on welding stress at different time periods
Authors: Wang Yanhu , Konovalov Sergey , Chen Xizhang , Komissarova Irina
Published: October 2018

In this study, pressure finite element welding simulations has been carried out. The welding model is a butt filled weld. The objective is to study the effect of pressure on welding stress of high strength steel at different time periods. From the study we can find that no matter at the first half of welding or and the last half welding or at the cooling time apply the load have little effect to improve the stress. Only under the entire welding process that the distribution of residual stress can be greatly improved. The results show that the residual stresses of the welding workpiece under specific pressure throughout the welding process decreased by 16.2% when compared with weld group without load applied. The maximum residual stresses of weld group without load applied are more than with the specific pressure load plates 120 MPa. But under other times putting the load cannot be improved. This paper just presents a simulation results that have a certain guiding significance.
Innovation in additive manufacturing of parts from aluminium matrix composites
Authors: Tarasova Tatiana , Gvozdeva Galina , Ableyeva Riana
Published: October 2018

The laser build-up cladding is a well-known technique for additive manufacturing tasks. Modern equipment for the laser cladding enables material to be deposited with the lateral resolution of about 100 μm and to manufacture miniature parts. In this paper the laser micro cladding process was investigated to produce miniature thin-wall parts of Al-based composites. Thin walls formation process by subsequent single tracks overlapping with vertical increment was investigated. The influence of the cladding parameters on the minimal width and the quality of the fabricated thin walls was examined. The thin walls with the minimal width of 140 μm and surface roughness Ra 1,5 μm were generated. Laser micro cladding potential to manufacture lattice-shaped structures of Al-Si composites was shown. Fabricated thin-wall structures can have application in different fields e.g. aviation, automotive and tooling industries.
Approach to the construction of specialized portable terminals for monitoring and controlling technological equipment
Authors: Nikishechkin Petr , Chervonnova Nadezhda , Nikich Anatoly
Published: October 2018

The work deals with the features of construction of human-computer interaction to manage the complex process equipment. The mechanism for creating additional portable terminals for monitoring and controlling complex machine tools is presented. A practical example of using the mechanism for creating additional terminal solutions for monitoring and controlling the Quaser MV184P milling machining center is given.
An approach to creation of a unified system of programming CNC machines in the dialog mode
Authors: Martinova Liliya I. , Fokin Nikolay N.
Published: October 2018

The tendencies in the development of part programs for CNC machine tools are considered, the used programming methods are analysed, and the compatibility problem of interactive programming systems is proved. An approach is proposed with the use of canned cycles, which allows to unify the process of dialog programming for machines with CNC systems from different manufacturers. Practical aspects of creating part programs in dialog mode for machines equipped with CNC systems Siemens, Fanuc, Heidenhain, AxiOMA Control and Balt-Systems are presented.
Vibrations reduction in milling by using singular spectral analysis
Authors: Kuts Vladimir , Kiselev Igor , Voronov Sergey
Published: October 2018

The main issue which limits the milling process efficiency is the emergence of the self-excited vibrations (“chatter”) during milling. The system “tool-workpiece” autooscillations lead to more rapid tool and machine units deterioration, the decrease in quality of the machined surface. The methodology of the self-excited vibrations detection during milling, which allows to choose the most favorable and efficient modes (free of “chatter”), is represented in this article. This methodology is based on the singular spectral analysis of the system acceleration signals. The methodology is tested out on the example of flat milling. The system “tool-workpiece” accelerations signals were received using the special-purpose software 3DCUT. The “map of modes” was drawn and the most favorable mode of milling were chosen as a result of the analysis of the system accelerations signals.
Simulation model of selective assembly of two parts with sorting by the estimated values
Authors: Filipovich Oleg , Kopp Vadim
Published: October 2018

The process of one-parameter selective assembly of two parts is considered. Methods for reducing the probability of sorting errors are given. It is suggested to perform the sorting process according to the values of the parameter estimates. For this estimate, a recursion algorithm (the Kalman filter) is used in each cycle. In the environment of GPSS World, a simulation model of selective acquisition and assembly of two parts for determining the parameters of the assembly process is constructed. Comparative modeling results are presented that prove the effectiveness of the algorithm for estimating parameters for selective assembly. The variants of using the algorithm and the prospects for further research are suggested.
Joining of dissimilar materials by friction stir welding
Authors: Boumerzoug Zakaria
Published: October 2018

Welding is a process of joining materials into one piece. Welding is used extensively for pipe welding, aerospace, aviation, biomedical implants, fabrication of race cars, choppers, etc. Welding processes include thermal fusion joining processes and solid-state joining processes. Among solid-state joining processes, there is a friction stir welding which is applied to join two workpieces without materials. This technique of welding has great is used to weld dissimilar materials. This type of welding is gaining renewed interest, because the main objective is to reduce the total weight and maintaining essential physical properties. The objective of this paper is to focus on the friction stir welding of dissimilar materials.
The study of dynamic characteristics during the vibration processing of parts
Authors: Levchenko Elena
Published: October 2018

The results of theoretical studies on the dynamic characteristics of the process of vibroprocessing are presented, the essence of which is to create conservative zones limited by the current lines of a certain fixed vector field, which contributes to the formation of a macrodomain structure in the working medium. Domain structuring of the working tool reflects the configuration of the field grid of the external dynamic field and is the basis of the technology of vibration processing.
Synthesis of lunberger stochastic observer for estimation of the grinding operation state
Authors: Bratan Sergey , Roshchupkin Stanislav
Published: October 2018

The technique of constructing Lunberger stochastic observer for the operation of circular external grinding is considered in the article, which makes it possible to obtain optimal estimates of the output parameters of the technological system. To build Lunberger stochastic observer, a program has been developed that allows solving the Riccati equation of the object and the filter. The calculation of the Kalman-Buсy filter coefficients for the steady-state mode of the process of grinding the camshaft journal is performed. This allows us to evaluate the state of the system in real time, and even in the case of measuring only one coordinate, the filter gives estimates of all coordinates, and the maximum estimation errors do not exceed 10%.
Application of glue machinery repairs in Arctic conditions
Authors: Konoplin Alexander , Baurova Natalia , Abrakov Sergei
Published: October 2018

In this article the possibility of repairing machines in subzerosubzero temperatures is evaluated. Standards for determination of polymer materials frost resistance and technical requirements for glues used for repairing in Arctic conditions are reviewed. The possibilities of performing separate technological transitions and operations during repair in conditions of exposure to temperatures are considered. The necessity of technology adjustment and special attention to the inter-operational quality control during repair work in the Arctic is shown.
Organizational-economic conditions of maintenance of the accelerated development of machine-building branch
Authors: Vorontsova Olga , Isaev Albert , Stratan Dmitry
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes and assesses the current situation in the engineering industry of Russia based on statistical reporting data. Conclusions are made about the impact of key economic indicators on the situation in the industry. The main problems on the way of innovative development of the machine-building industry have been identified and organizational and economic instruments for their solution have been proposed.
Mechanics of diagnostic machine on electrical transmission lines conductors
Authors: Bahrami Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the dynamics of wire transmission line while the robot-inspector is moving on it. To ensure proper and safe operation of the machine, mathematical modeling based on the Lagrangian mechanics has been conducted. The wire is considered as a stretched string with additional bending stiffness, and the robot-inspector as moving mass and pendulum. As the result, saw-tooth oscillations have been observed in the vertical plane and they cause parametric oscillations in the perpendicular plane. Advanced method of mathematical modeling of inspection robot motion on conductors allows us to choose the design parameters and the law of motion, in order to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of personnel.
The systems of the active rigidity and their application in transport machine
Authors: Kudryashov Aleksandr , Igumensheva Ekaterina , Kopylova Olesya
Published: October 2018

The current state in the field of designing of mechanical systems is characterized by the application of an exhaustively complete set of traditional ways to increase rigidity, that contains the further growth of their principal specifications. Use of high-strength materials only aggravates a problem as their work is supposed at more high tensions, and, therefore, and larger sizes of elastic deformations. At the same time the modern breakthrough technologies in the field of automatic control allow to solve problems, the bound to a slackness of mechanical systems means of operating control of geometrical deviations and fluctuations, and their fissile suppression.
Oscillation damping in the power unit when starting the engine equipped with the Common Rail system
Authors: Taratorkin Igor , Derzhanskii Victor , Taratorkin Alexander
Published: October 2018

The paper studies formation of the power-train elements dynamic loading at engine starting, shows the results of experiments and of simulation modeling and substantiates the ways of reducing dynamic loading of the mechanical system under study.
Nonlinear waves in an elastic guide interacting with an elastic-inertial foundation
Authors: Erofeev Vladimir , Kolesov Daniil , Leonteva Anna
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with the study of the transverse wave propagation in a string resting on an elastic-inertial foundation. A self-consistent dynamic problem is herein considered for a system composed of a one-dimensional flexible guide (string) and an elastic-inertial foundation. As a foundation model the Vesnitsky’s model was chosen. The set of equations is reduced to one fourth-order cubic-nonlinear equation relative to transverse displacements of the string. Depending on the string and the elastic-inertial foundation mass ratio, the evolutionary equation has the following three extreme events: the modified Ostrovsky equation, the Riemann equation with a cubic nonlinearity, the equation for an anharmonic oscillator with a cubic nonlinearity.
Improvement in billets quality from billet caster by roller suspension of secondary cooling zone stiffening
Authors: Androsenko Mariya , Kulikova Ekaterina , Osipova Olga
Published: October 2018

Presently, continuous casting machines are widely used in metallurgical industry for production of high quality billets. And the maximum economic and resource-saving effect is achieved by the use of continuously casting small-section billets. Proceeding to the continuous casting has tightened the requirements for product quality and the main objective has become to determine the factors influencing the billet quality. It is necessary to design competently a zone of secondary cooling, for improvement of quality of production. Having changed her design and as a result the loadings operating on a zone of secondary cooling will decrease and the rigidity of a design will increase.
Modeling and analysis of the effectiveness of dynamic models of complex automated systems of machine-building production
Authors: Cherepashkov Andrei A. , Samoylov Pavel A.
Published: October 2018

The article discusses the problem of choosing an efficiency criterion for constructing dynamic models necessary for organizing the management of the design and operation of integrated automated design systems in engineering. The results of comparison of analytical and experimental graphs of integral criterion dynamics in complex projects are presented.
Influence of elements thickness of separation devices on the finely dispersed particles collection efficiency
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey V. , Zinurov Vadim E. , Dmitrieva Oksana S.
Published: October 2018

This article presents a rectangular separator, developed by the authors, for purification of a multiphase gas flow from the finely dispersed particles with a diameter of up to 10 µm. In order to increase the separation process efficiency, a research was conducted to determine the optimum thickness of I-beam elements within the separator at different values of the flow inlet rate and length of I-beam elements. It was found that change in the wall thickness of elements leads to a change in the flow structure, which causes a decrease in the dust particles collection efficiency.
Assessment of the bearing capacity of welded joints for an arbitrary character of failure
Authors: Erofeev Valery , Sharafiev Robert , Grebenshchikova Olga
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we propose one of the approaches to assess the load-bearing capacity of metal structures for an arbitrary type of failure based on the use of interpolation-type criteria based on the principle of boundary interpolation. This approach allows for the standardization of defects taking into account their location, sharpness at the top, as well as the properties of the base metal or welded joints. The use of the calculated calculated ratios that have been experimentally confirmed during the testing of welded joints with surface defects allows us to estimate the range of their admissible sizes that do not lead to a decrease in operating loads acting on welded metal structures during their operation, proceeding from ensuring the required level of allowable stresses. This range of permissible defect sizes is determined by a number of parameters characterizing the type of defect, the mechanical properties of the weld metal, the type, stiffness and concentration of the stressed state, the thickness of the metal structures, the operating conditions (temperature T), and the accepted safety factor.
The main directions of the development of snowmobiles in the Russian Federation
Authors: Diakov Aleksey S. , Pozdeev Aleksey V. , Novikov Vyacheslav V.
Published: October 2018

This article describes such constructive units of domestic snowmobiles as gasoline engines, layout schemes and types of platforms, caterpillar propulsions unit and caterpillars, front and rear suspension, steering, transmission and brake systems.
Systematization and comparative scheme analysis of mechanisms of planetary rotary hydraulic machines
Authors: Volkov Gleb , Smirnov Vladimir
Published: October 2018

The systematization of planetary rotary hydraulic machines (PRHM) with floating rollers is presented in the article. This systematization is carried out according to such structural features as: the number of waves that have central tooth gears with internal and external teeth, the character of the leading link motion; selection of a supporting (fixed) link; selection of the link containing the channels. The systematization allows us to list all essentially different schemes of PRHM and conduct their comparative analysis. The comparison is based on such technical parameters as: symmetry of schemes; absence of dead spots; PRHM performance, pulsation of instantaneous performance; channel cross-sectional area. The comparison showed that based on a set of indicators, the schemes with the numbers of central wheel waves 2×4; 4×6; 6×8 are preferred, in which the rotor performs a purely rotary motion.
System of providing sustainability of tower cranes from overturn in extreme wind loads
Authors: Sorokin Pavel , Mishin Alexey , Antsev Vitaliy , Red’kin Alexey
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the issues of ensuring stability of tower cranes from overturn. The development stages of devices for ensuring tower cranes safety are examined and their shortcomings are revealed. The system consisting of subsystems and drives is proposed and their interaction is presented. The article deals with a subsystem based on artificial intelligence methods. The neural network models of forecasting wind parameters are developed. The quality of work of neural network models is estimated. The ways of further topic development are suggested.
Reliability prediction of RFID passive tags power supply systems based on RTD under given operating conditions
Authors: Makeev Mstislav , Sinyakin Vladimir , Meshkov Sergey
Published: October 2018

The technique for predicting RFID passive tag power supply system reliability, the failure of which is caused by the degradation of RTDs that are part of the tag rectifier, is developed. The calculation of the time to failure of the RFID passive tag power supply system by the criterion of the minimum permissible range is presented based on the developed technique.