bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Music Therapy on Hemodynamic Parameter and Pain Score in Patients Under Going Abdominal and Lower Limb Surgeries Under Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors: Bagle Aparna Abhijit , Phansalkar Shivani Shrirang , Gaur Shivangi
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Surgical processes can be associated with a stress and anxiety in the patient triggering changes in blood pressure and heart rate adversely effecting the induction and recovery process from anesthesia. These effects are more pronounced in setting of regional anesthesia where the patient is awake intraoperatively. A calm and quite environment maintained during surgery can be helpful in blunting the stressful response of the patient. Hence, we studied the effect of music therapy on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for abdominal and lower limb surgeries and its effect on the visual analog scale (VAS), patient satisfaction, and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (SSTAI) score.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective, randomized, and comparative study where 60 patients of either gender between 18 and 65 years were divided into two groups of 30 patients each. The patients belonged to American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I or II. The patients were randomized into Group M (those who listened to music) and Group C (those who did not listen to music). After the induction of spinal anesthesia, headphones were applied to all the patients and music was started in Group M. The intraoperative parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, the VAS, and the SSTAI scale were recorded and compared in both the groups. Patient satisfaction was also recorded.

Results:

Patients who listened to music during surgery had significantly better VAS score, SSTAI score, and patient satisfaction. The hemodynamic parameters in both groups were comparable.

Conclusion:

Music therapy intraoperatively in patients undergoing lower limb and abdominal surgeries under spinal anesthesia can have better patient outcomes with a higher patient satisfaction.
Body Composition Analysis Using Karadascan in Indian Collegiate Population: An Observational Study
Authors: Singh Amrinder , Dangat Disha P. , Shenoy Shweta , Sandhu Jaspal S.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

There is an increased prevalence of obesity, which is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and mortality risk. Because of the large population, a preferred method of measuring body fat should be simple, portable, and reliable. This study was aimed at measuring the body composition of Indian Adults using the karada scan Omron HBF-701 model.

Methods:

Sixty-four healthy adults participated in this study including 30 males and 34 females with a mean age of 21 ± 2.60 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 22.58 ± 2.85 kg/m2. The measurement was taken with the prescribed guidelines.

Results:

The results included mean fat % of 25.31 ± 6.01, body age 28.96 ± 8.29, resting metabolism 1422.13 ± 227.86 kcal, visceral fat % of 4.90 ± 2.97, subcutaneous fat % of 19.74 ± 6.09, total muscle mass 31.20 ± 6.27, arms fat % of 31.27 ± 10.81, trunk fat % of 16.89 ± 5.43, and legs fat % of 29.43 ± 9.45.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that the Karada scan is a novel and rapid method to reliably measure the different variables of body composition.
Effect of Human Milk Banking on Immediate Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Mane Shailaja Vijaykumar , Salunkhe Shradha , Agarkhedkar Sharad , Lakhwani Priyanka , Malwade Sudhir
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Human milk banking (HMB) is a service established for collection, screening, processing, storage, and distribution of donated human milk. HMB is the best way of ensuring a safe supply of human milk to all the needy neonates. It helps to decrease infections, neonatal sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis, thus reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Methodology:

This is a short-term student research project conducted as an observational, comparative, cross-sectional study. It was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and HMB of a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city, conducted after approval from the Ethics Committee of the Institute. A total of 50 neonates from the NICU who had received pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) were enrolled in one group (Group I – PDHM). The data of 50 newborns from NICU of the same institute were also collected retrograded for comparison before the establishment of HMB, as they had not received PDHM and enrolled in another group (Group II – non-PDHM).

Results:

It was observed that in Group I (PDHM), 55% of neonates were full term and 42.5% were preterm, and in Group II, 45% were full terms and 57.5% were preterm. Sepsis was seen in 30% of Group 1 and 54% of Group 2 and hyperbilirubinemia was seen in 22% of Group 1 and 42% of Group 2. There was a 24% decrease in sepsis and 20% decrease in hyperbilirubinemia in PDHM group. Mortality was seen in 40% of Group 1 and 60% of Group 2. A decrease in mortality was seen in PDHM group.

Conclusions:

HMB is imperative for the reduction of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a feasible, cost-effective option and a boon for neonates, particularly in developing countries like India.
A Study on Correlation of Hematological Parameters with Computed Tomography Severity Score in COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Chandran Jayanthi , Amirthalingam Umamageswari , Abinizha S , Sindhuri R
Published: August 2024

Background:

COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading infectious pandemic. Increase in the level of systemic inflammatory markers is known to play fugitive role in the prognosis of the patients. This study retrospectively correlates the various hematological parameters with computed tomography severity score in COVID-19 patients.

Method:

The demographic, hematological, and radiological parameters of 150 patients were collected and analyzed. The performance of complete blood count (CBC) indexes for monitoring and predicting the severity of COVID-19 in patients was evaluated by analyzing and comparing CBC results with radiological severity score.

Results:

Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) correlated positively while lymphocyte correlated negatively with chest computed tomography severity score. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, monocyte, NLR, and PLR showed a significant difference between radiologically mild and severe COVID-19 cases (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The prognostic value of NLR in predicting the severity of illness is well established in our study. Increased NLR should prompt the clinicians to predict increased lung involvement by COVID-19 and should cater the treatment accordingly.
COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Survey among Population of Western Maharashtra
Authors: Asha B. Thomas , Bhalchandra K. Vaidya , Sneha R. Chandani , Anand Kawade , Sohan S. Chitlange , Varsha S. Sarode , Manish Arya , Dharmendra Sharma
Published: August 2024

Background:

In wake of COVID-19 pandemic in India, basic knowledge of mode of transmission of the disease, precautionary hygiene practices to be adopted to contain the infection and specific dietary modifications to be made as per government advisories are critical from public health and safety viewpoint.

Objective:

The objective is to find out the perception of population in Maharashtra state, India with specific emphasis on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) during the pandemic.

Methods:

KAP was assessed through a systematic survey employing a structured questionnaire and was carried out through online-platform among the Indian population in Maharashtra state. The questionnaire was designed as per WHO guidelines. Data were collected from 1770 respondents across Maharashtra state, India from April 1, 2021, to April 30, 2021. Data were systematically analyzed using correlation and ordinal logistic regression models.

Results:

Data collected from 1648 participants across Maharashtra state indicated that 82.9% of respondents had high level of knowledge about the disease. However, it alarming to observe that 78.7% of respondents still demonstrated low COVID-19 related practices score. The pandemic also affected the psychological well-being of 81% of respondents; with major socio-economic implications (55%). The regression analysis showed that female participants displayed higher knowledge than males. Also, educational qualification had an impact on practices-1 (general) while both gender and educational qualification affected practices-2 (COVID-19 related).

Conclusion:

Findings of this KAP survey demonstrated good knowledge of the average population but relatively lower levels of attitudes and practices toward the pandemic. This highlights the need of training/counseling programs that can impart positive attitudes and improved practices to Indian citizens to fight the COVID-19 pandemic.
Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Graves' Disease
Authors: Rohatgi Shalesh , Rangankar Varsha , Rao Prajwal , Nirhale Satish , Naphade Pravin
Published: August 2024

We are reporting a case of 28-year-old young lady who presented with sensory stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed bilateral watershed infarcts in middle and anterior cerebral territories. Brain angiography showed stenosis of supraclinoid portion of both internal carotid arteries (ICAs) without any moyamoya vessels (collaterals). Contrast MRI of brain showed enhancement of vessel wall in supraclinoid portion of both ICAs suggestive of inflammation. She was a known case of hyperthyroidism on irregular treatment. Work up for vasculitis was negative. Temporal artery biopsy was normal. She was diagnosed as a case of moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves' disease. She showed good response to immunosuppressants, aspirin, and treatment of hyperthyroidism. She had no ischemic events for 6 months but was later lost to follow-up. After 1 year she again presented with two episodes of transient ischemic attacks. Repeat imaging showed reduction in the wall thickening and enhancement and no new infarcts.
Patients’ Perception Toward Doctors’ Appearance and its Influence on Doctor–Patient Relationship: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Laikhuram Priya , Umar Yanal , Gupta Avantika , Christina Soubam , Devi Thoudam R. , Sungoh Luckystar , Devi Hanjabam S.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Despite technological advances and changes that the medical fraternity has experienced in the last few decades, the physical appearance of physicians still influences the patients’ perception of doctors. The basis of medical practice depends on a robust doctor–patient relationship and efforts should be made to build rapport to foster a partnership to provide patient-centered care.

Objective:

The aim of this objection is to determine the patient’s perception of doctors’ appearance and its influence on the doctor–patient relationship.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending OPD in health-care centers of Manipur from January 2022 to February 2022. Five hundred and forty-four patients were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire. A Chi-square test was performed to check for an association between independent and outcome variables (P < 0.05).

Results:

Mean age of the participants was 36.40 years (±12.55). A percentage of 60.80 were females and 64% of the participants were from the tertiary care center, Imphal West. A percentage of 60.5 preferred doctors’ attire to be formal with a white coat. A percentage of 52.9 of them perceived that doctors’ attire will make them seem more approachable. A percentage of 39.7 had preferences in doctors’ gender. Participants from urban health-care centers had significantly more preference for the doctors’ attire to be a formal dress with a white coat (P = 0.04). Age group, gender, type of setting, and education level were significantly associated with gender preference (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The majority of the participant had no preference over the doctor’s gender and preferred doctors’ attire to be formal with a white coat. The doctor’s hair dye, facial piercing, and tattoos didn’t bother a majority of the patients.
Assessment of Computed Tomography-Based Sphenoidal and Sellar Parameters Relevant to Transsphenoidal Approach in Sellar and Parasellar Surgeries
Authors: Amirthalingam Umamageswari , Veeramani Raveendranath , Adhithiya Vigneshwar
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To study the sphenoid and sellar parameters relevant to transsphenoidal approach in sellar and parasellar surgeries.

Objectives:

(1) To estimate the types of pneumatization of sphenoid sinus and intersphenoidal septum, (2) To assess the attachment and number of intersphenoidal septum among those who have intersphenoidal septum, (3) To determine the thickness of the anterior wall and floor of sella, and (4) To calculate the intercarotid distance of the intracavernous internal carotid artery.

Methods:

This was a record-based descriptive study. All retrospective computed tomographic (CT) images of head (demonstrating the nasal cavities, sphenoid sinus, and sella) done in the department of radiodiagnosis, using Toshiba Aquilon Prime 160 slice CT scanner, during the period of September 2016–February 2017 for routine diagnostic purpose were included. Following parameters were assessed: The pneumatization pattern of the sphenoid sinus, septation within the sphenoid sinus, intercarotid distance, thickness of the bony anterior sellar wall, in the sellar type sinus, and thickness of the bony sellar floor, in the sellar type sinus.

Results:

About 2% showed non-pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus. The pneumatization pattern was classified into conchal, pre sellar, and sellar types. The sphenoid sinus showed variable septation pattern. The commonest insertion of the septum was on the sellar floor (38.8%), while other insertion patters into the optic canal or carotid canal were also noted. The maximal intercarotid distance was 27 mm.

Conclusion:

The sphenoid sinus has lots of intrinsic variations in pneumatization pattern. Knowledge of detailed anatomy is crucial to minimize and prevent the intraoperative and postoperative complications. Hence, CT plays an inevitable role in the preoperative workup.
First-Year Medical Students’ Perspective on Early Clinical Exposure in the Era of Competency-Based Medical Education: Unraveling by Thematic Analysis
Authors: Kumar Prashanth , Mythri G , Shetty Archana , Yashaswini LS , Chaitra N.D
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Implementation of Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) as an outcome-based teaching methodology has brought changes in the curriculum worldwide in terms of teaching and learning. As students are the prime stakeholders in medical education, their feedback is crucial in designing the curriculum framework. We present thematic analysis of medical students’ feedback on Early Clinical Exposure (ECE), which has given an in-depth insight into their perceptions.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted post early clinical exposure session for the first-year MBBS students under the CBME curriculum from April to October 2021 in a teaching medical institute. Feedback was collected in text transcripts by two open-ended questions about effectiveness and suggestions for improvement. Qualitative data analysis of thematic type was performed.

Results:

Post-familiarization of data codes were generated for each of the two questions. Codes with similar meanings were grouped into four themes for each question. Analysis of students’ transcripts revealed perspectives on knowledge, doctor–patient relationship, clarity in understanding concepts as themes for effectiveness, the need for case-based learning in the hospital environment, time management, and innovative teaching methods as themes for improvement.

Conclusion:

Students perceived the teaching methodology of early clinical exposure positively and recognized the need to integrate basic science with clinical expertise and professional identity at an early stage in medical school. The study results have brought out implications for improving teaching sessions in terms of technology use, content, and creating a conducive environment for the learners.
Proposal for a clinicopathological prognostic score for resected gastric cancer patients
Authors: Díaz del Arco Cristina , Estrada Muñoz Lourdes , Molina Roldán Elena , Ortega Medina Luis , García Gómez de las Heras Soledad , Chávez Ángela , Fernández Aceñero Ma Jesús
Published: August 2024

Background:

Factors other than pTNM stage have been associated with gastric cancer (GC) prognosis, and several alternative prognostic scores have been constructed. Our aims are to identify prognostic factors in western GC patients and to build clinicopathological prognostic models for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods:

A Retrospective study of 204 cases of GC resected during the years 2000 to 2014 was conducted in our hospital. Clinicopathological features were assessed, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed and prognostic scores were constructed.

Results:

Most patients were diagnosed at pTNM stages II and III (36.9% and 48.1%, respectively). According to Laurén classification, tumors were intestinal (55.8%), diffuse (35.2%) and mixed (9%). During follow-up, 43.5% of patients had tumor recurrence, and 28.6% died due to tumor. Univariate analysis showed that patient age, Laurén subtype, signet-ring cell morphology, pTNM stage, tumor grade, perineural invasion, growth pattern, intratumoral inflammation, adjuvant therapy, and desmoplasia were significantly related to tumor progression or death. Multivariate analysis showed that Laurén subtype, pT stage, and lymph node ratio (LNR) were significantly and independently associated with GC recurrence. Laurén subtype and LNR were significantly related to patient survival. Prognostic scores for tumor progression and death were developed and patients were classified into four prognostic groups which showed good prognostic performance.

Conclusion:

A prognostic model comprising histological features such as Laurén subtype can be easily applied in clinical practice, and provides more prognostic information than pTNM stage alone. These models can further stratify resected GC patients and have the potential to aid in the individualization of patient management.
The impact of social media accounts on periocular cosmetic surgeries
Authors: Alshaalan Hayfaa S. , AlTamimi Lama A. , Alshayie Reema A. , Alsuhaibani Adel H.
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE:

The study aims to assess the impact of social media on patients who underwent periocular cosmetic surgeries during 2019 and to determine the appropriate platforms to enrich the knowledge and awareness of the general Saudi population regarding periocular cosmetic surgeries.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ibn Rushd Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Three hundred and ninety-five participants with periocular cosmetic surgeries in 2019 were recruited for the study. The questionnaire included 43 questions distributed under four domains: demographics, personal and family history of periocular eye surgeries, influence of social media on cosmetic eye procedures, and psychological effects of social media.

RESULTS:

Periocular cosmetic surgeries were more common among women, with eyelid surgery being the most popular type. About 48.9% of the participants knew their oculoplastic surgeons from social media platforms, and over 57% who used accounts on social media were interested in cosmetology managed by nonphysicians. The majority of the participants (64.1%) chose Instagram as a social media platform to find an oculoplastic surgeon. Consequently, 91.6% stated that seeing before and after photos on social media platforms affected their decision in selecting their oculoplastic surgeon. Besides, 82.8% revealed that visiting surgeons’ clinic came as a step next to their search for their accounts on social media.

CONCLUSION:

The majority of the participants were, somewhat or another, affected by social media and this is due to people's belief regarding social media as a beneficial source of medical information that can provide reviews and expert opinion. The accuracy of the information presented in social media accounts managed by both physicians and nonphysicians is essential in making the appropriate decision for undergoing this kind of surgeries or not.
Evaluation of the efficacy of botulinum toxin injection for the treatment of infantile esotropia
Authors: Alam Muneeb , Alshammari Sarah , Alobaisi Saif , Alfreihi Shatha
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcomes and complications of botulinum toxin injection (BTX) as the primary treatment of infantile esotropia (IET).

METHODS:

We included patients with IET who underwent BTX from 2015 to 2020. IET was defined as esotropia present before 12 months of age, with no significant refractive error, or limitation of rotations. We defined success as a postoperative angle of 0–10 prism diopters (PD).

RESULTS:

Sixty-three patients met our inclusion criteria (38 male patients [60.3%]). The mean age was 18 ± 8 months (range: 10–26), onset 6 ± 4 months (range: 2–10), and follow-up of 29 ± 25 months (range: 4–54). Amblyopia was present in 45 patients (71.4%). Number of BTX was, 1 in 42 (66.7%), 2 in 17 (27%), 3 in 4 (4.8%), and 4 in 1 (1.6%). The 1st BTX mean dose was 7 ± 3 international unit (range: 4–10) and a mean duration of 4 ± 1 min (range: 3–5). The mean preoperative angle of deviation was 42.30 ± 13.73 PD. The mean postoperative angle of deviation was 16.07 ± 16.15 PD (P = 0.0001). At the final follow-up, BTX was successful in 32 (51%) (success after 1st BTX 33.3%, 2nd BTX 46.03%, and 3rd BTX 50.79%). Twelve patients (19%) had undergone surgery due to the failure of BTX. Postoperative observations included transient ptosis 29 (49.2%), transient exotropia 36 (57.14%), inferior oblique overaction 13 (20.6%), vertical deviation 8 (12.7%), and persistent ptosis 1 (1.6%).

CONCLUSION:

The success rate of BTX for IET was 51%. BTX can be offered as an alternative to surgery to those who cannot undergo prolonged anesthesia or where accurate measurements could not be obtained.
Preoperative universal screening of coronavirus disease 2019 during Omicron outbreak in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgeries: Experience from a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albuainain Abdulrahman , Alkharashi Majed
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE:

This study aims to determine the frequency of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during Omicron outbreak among patients scheduled for elective and emergency ophthalmic surgeries in a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:

This observational retrospective study was performed between December 1, 2021, and February 28, 2022, in a single tertiary eye care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients who were given appointments for elective or emergency surgeries were included. All patients underwent preoperative nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction testing for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A retrospective chart review of all patients who tested positive for COVID-19 during Omicron outbreak was performed for the demographic and clinical information, presence of symptoms upon presentation, nature and urgency of the scheduled surgical intervention, and the overall outcomes.

RESULTS:

A total of 851 patients were scheduled for elective and emergency ophthalmic surgeries during the study period. The mean age of all patients was 58.2 years; 451 were males (52.9%) and 400 were females (47%). Of 851 patients tested for the COVID-19 during Omicron outbreak, the test was positive in 65 (7.6%) patients. All patients who tested positive for the COVID-19 during Omicron outbreak were asymptomatic at the time of swabbing. No patient-related perioperative complications or health-care workers’ affection secondary to exposure to positive cases was documented.

CONCLUSION:

The study showed that almost 1 in 13 patients scheduled for elective or emergency ophthalmic surgeries may test positive for the COVID-19 during Omicron outbreak. All positive cases were asymptomatic at the time of swabbing, highlighting the importance of routine preoperative screening for COVID-19.
Association between the body image perception, anthropometric measurements, and physical activity among the physiotherapy students
Authors: Bangera Nikhitha S. , Shetty Archana , Behera Debasis , Nalupurakkal Vipinnath Eranholy
Published: August 2024

Background:

Body image perception (BIP) is associated with self-perception. Excessive concern about body image and body image dissatisfactions (BIDs) are linked to the risk factors for eating disorders, low self-esteem, depression, and less physical activity (PA), in turn leading to obesity. It is still unclear how a physiotherapy student perceives themselves.

Aims:

The objective of the study is to find the association between the BIP, anthropometric measurements, and PA.

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted at Alva’s College of Physiotherapy, Moodbidri. This is a correlation type of study. A total of 127 physiotherapy students who were between the age group of 18 and 25 years were recruited for the study based on the inclusion criteria. Body mass index (BMI) and skinfold (SF) measurement were measured using a syndex skin fold calliper. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and Body Shape Questionnaire were used to assess PA and BIP, respectively.

Results:

The study showed a significant association between BIP and BMI and SF measurements, where females are showing higher BID, whereas males are showing no significant result. PA and BID did not show any significant association among males and females.

Conclusions:

The findings of this study showed that there is a high incidence of BID among the physiotherapy students. Even though there was a good-to-excellent level of body fat among the university students, a high rate of BID was noted, especially among the female students.
Effects of offset load training in the taper phase of Indian mixed martial arts fighters: An experimental study
Authors: Krishnan Vijaya , Sayed Umran
Published: August 2024

Background:

Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a combat sport gaining popularity in the Indian Sports Field. This sport is still underdeveloped, with variable methods of training and practices being established. There is a dearth of literature regarding the evidence available for the development of the fighter profile and body physiology. This study aims to address the use of offset loading during the taper phase of training to prepare athletes for competition.

Methodology:

An experimental study was conducted on 30 professional MMA fighters within 18–40 years. The fighters were divided into Group A, who followed traditional weight-cutting practices, while Group B followed offset loading protocol for 3 weeks. The outcomes were assessed for physical-, psychological-, and sport-specific features.

Results:

Both the groups showed statistically significant differences when compared within the groups using the Student’s t-test. In comparison between the two groups, Group B showed significant differences.

Conclusion:

Although both methods are fruitful, offset loading is an effective method to cut down and make championship weight than the traditional method with multiple positive effects on a fighter’s performance.
A 9-week (beginner) recreational runner training program for 5 km distance
Authors: Babkair Reem Abdullah
Published: August 2024

The popularity of running is increasing worldwide with increased awareness of general well-being among people of all ages. Being easily accessible and with only a pair of shoes needed, many recreational runners practice this sport away from competitions. This review aims to illustrate a 9-week training program for the novice recreational runner to run for 5 km. The training program is designed according to runners’ physiological and biomechanical requirements. Strength and endurance training are combined on nonconsecutive six days per week. The strength training aims to strengthen upper limbs, lower limbs, and core muscles depending solely on body weight with no extra load since endurance runners do not require the power component or direction changes. The endurance training is structured to improve the maximal oxygen uptake and running economy to avoid rapid fatigue. The program also offers a warming-up routine to promote body preparation for physical activity to minimize the risk of injuries, in addition to cooling-down prescriptions to enhance musculoskeletal recovery and future performance. On the seventh day of the week, the runner can choose between active recovery exercise or complete rest. Active recovery is recommended to maintain the physiological attributes gained from the combined strength and endurance training.
Spontaneous multiple intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Siddiqui Nauman Amin , Aggarwal Amitesh , Narang Shiva
Published: August 2024

Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality across the world. People are left with varying degrees of deficits if they survive. It can be ischemic and hemorrhagic in nature. Spontaneous multiple intracerebral hemorrhage is a rare form of hemorrhagic stroke. It, a life-threatening condition, can occur due to multiple etiologies. Here, we discuss an interesting case of a young male who presented with generalized seizure activity secondary to an unusual diagnosis. We further elaborate our understanding of the possible etiologies.
A pathologic fracture revealing sarcoid dactylitis
Authors: Cherif Yousra , Chebbi Donia , Derbel Samar , Hentati Olfa , Dahmen Fatma Ben , Abdallah Meya
Published: August 2024

A 47-year-old woman presented sarcoid dactylitis revealed by a pathologic fracture of the left small finger. She had swollen and painful fingers. The hands X-ray showed cystic lesions and bone destruction. The RMI revealed bilateral asymmetric dactylitis with destructive lesions of the phalanges and periosteal granulomas. Otherwise, there were no other sarcoidosis manifestations. The patient received steroids and then methotrexate because of a relapse. The outcome was good.
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic first wave on resident doctors in a tertiary care center Meerut
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Singh Dhanveer , Singh Dhirendra Pratap , Singh Deeksha , Mishra Rajat
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE:

As the novel, the coronavirus pandemic had a great impact on our community professionals from all the specialties were greatly affected by the same. Similarly, our doctors’ community was under very much stress during this pandemic; therefore, this study was conducted to look for the effect of this pandemic on resident doctors in tertiary care center in Meerut.

METHODS:

This study was conducted on resident doctors in LLRM Medical College, Meerut, who came coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive after either COVID duty or through working actively in different areas of the hospital.

RESULTS:

Our study demonstrated more infection in medicine residents (37%). The most cases were in the age group of 25–30 years. The majority of cases were males (66.7%). All the residents were symptomatic and none needed intensive care unit admission and all recovered with no mortality. Regarding maximum applied safety precautions, considering masks, 7.4% did not use masks regularly.

CONCLUSION:

Doctors were more prone to COVID-19 infection through COVID-19 duties and emergency room duties; however, during that period, community spread was least reported here; therefore, evaluation of clinical features and associated complications was necessary to actively improve the management and protective measures.
Identification and Determination of the Major Constituents in Xie-Bai-San by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Li Bao-Xin , Li Peng-Yue , Hao Li-Xia , Xue Xiao-Xia , Kong Sha-Sha , Zhao Qin-He , Dai Yun-Tao
Published: August 2024

Objective:

The ancient classical Chinese formulation, Xie-Bai-San (XBS), was studied qualitatively and quantitatively, and its main components were characterized.

Materials and Methods:

The chemical compounds in XBS were identified using a combination of ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and molecular networking (MN) analysis. In addition, a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) quantification method was established using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Mulberroside A, kukoamine B, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid were quantitatively analyzed in ten batches of XBS using this method.

Results:

Using clusters of MN and databases, 91 compounds were rapidly identified, including stilbene glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Of these, 30, 33, and 28 compounds were from Mori Cortex, Lycii Cortex, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, respectively. The MRM scanning mode was used for the simultaneous sensitive quantitative determination of multiple components in a wide range of complex samples. The four main components were quantified using this method, which has good linearity.

Conclusions:

This study provides a comprehensive and reliable method for the identification and quantitative analysis of XBS.
Integrated Phytochemical Analysis Based on Ultra-high-performance Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology Approaches to Explore the Bioactive Constituents and Potential Targets of Jiangtang Qingre Formula
Authors: Gao Wen-Ya , Zhang Yan , Zhou Li-Juan , Li Min , Li Tao , Gao Chang , Gao Shuang-Rong , Si Nan , Wei Xiao-Lu , Bian Bao-Lin , Wang Hong-Jie , Zhou Yan-Yan , Zhao Hai-Yu
Published: August 2024

Objective:

This study aims to elucidate and quantify the composition of Jiangtang Qingre formula (JQF), delineate the absorbed components in the bloodstream, predict the major biologically active components, and identify potential targets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and Methods:

The chemical composition and metabolites of JQF were elucidated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-linear ion trap quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). The various components of JQF were concurrently determined using UHPLC-triple–quadrupole MS. Network pharmacological analysis was employed to explore the bioactive components and potential therapeutic targets in DM.

Results:

A total of 63 compounds were identified and provisionally characterized, with flavones, organic acids, and alkaloids emerging as the major chemical constituents. A robust analytical method that enables the simultaneous quantification of 24 representative components was successfully developed. The contents of 11 batches of samples were assessed. Ten prototype components were identified in rat plasma. The pathways associated with the efficacy of JQF in DM treatment were linked to signal transduction, endocrine and immune systems, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism.

Conclusion:

This study systematically and comprehensively characterized the major chemical components and patterns in JQF, laying the groundwork for understanding its pharmacodynamic mechanisms and clinical applications.
Stability of a point charge for the repulsive Vlasov–Poisson system
Authors: Pausader Benoît , Widmayer Klaus , Yang Jiaqi
Published: August 2024

We consider solutions of the repulsive Vlasov–Poisson system which are a combination of a point charge and a small gas, i.e., measures of the form

\delta_{(\mathcal{X}(t),\mathcal{V}(t))}+\mu^{2}d\mathbf{x}d\mathbf{v}

for some

(\mathcal{X}, \mathcal{V})\colon \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}^{6}

and a small gas distribution

\mu\colon \mathbb{R}\to L^{2}_{\mathbf{x},\mathbf{v}}

, and study asymptotic dynamics in the associated initial value problem. If initially suitable moments on

\mu_{0}=\mu(t=0)

are small, we obtain a global solution of the above form, and the electric field generated by the gas distribution 

\mu

decays at an almost optimal rate. Assuming in addition boundedness of suitable derivatives of 

\mu_{0}

, the electric field decays at an optimal rate, and we derive modified scattering dynamics for the motion of the point charge and the gas distribution. Our proof makes crucial use of the Hamiltonian structure. The linearized system is transport by the Kepler ODE, which we integrate exactly through an asymptotic action-angle transformation. Thanks to a precise understanding of the associated kinematics, moment and derivative control is achieved via a bootstrap analysis that relies on the decay of the electric field associated to

\mu

. The asymptotic behavior can then be deduced from the properties of Poisson brackets in asymptotic action coordinates.
Higher-dimensional Heegaard Floer homology and Hecke algebras
Authors: Honda Ko , Tian Yin , Yuan Tianyu
Published: August 2024

Given a closed oriented surface

\Sigma

of genus greater than 0, we construct a map

\mathcal{F}

from the wrapped higher-dimensional Heegaard Floer homology of the cotangent fibers of

T^{*}\Sigma

to the Hecke algebra associated to

\Sigma

and show that

\mathcal{F}

is an isomorphism of algebras. We also establish analogous results for punctured surfaces.
Теоремы о представимости пространств в виде объединения не более чем счетного числа однородных слагаемых
Authors: Komov Sergey Mikhailovich
Published: August 2024

Топологическое пространство $X$ называется однородным, если для любых точек $x, y$ из $X$ существует гомеоморфизм $f$ пространства $X$ на себя такой, что $f(x)=y$.
В работе приводится метод построения топологических пространств, представимых в виде объединения произвольного заданного натурального числа $n$ своих однородных подпространств, но непредставимых в виде объединения меньшего чем $n$ числа своих однородных подпространств. Кроме того, приводится решение аналогичной задачи для бесконечного числа слагаемых.
Библиография: 3 названия.
Слабо диссипативные линейные динамические системы и квадратичный операторный пучок М. В. Келдыша
Authors: Voytitsky Victor Ivanovich
Published: August 2024

Рассматривается дифференциальное уравнение второго порядка в гильбертовом пространстве с неограниченными операторными коэффициентами, моделирующее малые движения динамической системы со слабой диссипацией энергии. Формулируется теорема о существовании и единственности классического решения. Соответствующая спектральная задача приводится к изучению эллиптического квадратичного пучка, который, в свою очередь, может быть сведен к "модифицированному" операторному пучку М. В. Келдыша. В зависимости от асимптотики спектра главного оператора задачи (оператора потенциальной энергии) и коэффициента подчинения оператора диссипации энергии устанавливается свойство двукратной базисности Бари, Рисса либо Абеля-Лидского со скобками соответствующей системы корневых элементов линеаризованной задачи. В качестве приложений рассмотрена задача о квадратичном пучке Штурма-Лиувилля и общая спектральная задача, порожденная проблемой малых движений системы сочлененных маятников с полостями, целиком или частично заполненными идеальными несжимаемыми жидкостями, и трением в шарнирах.
Библиография: 37 названий.
Периодические решения дифференциального уравнения с разрывной запаздывающей обратной связью нейтрального типа
Authors: Yakubiv Julia Andreevna
Published: August 2024

В этой работе рассматривается дифференциальное уравнение с разрывной запаздывающей обратной связью нейтрального типа.
В фазовом пространстве описаны классы начальных функций, зависящие от ряда параметров. Затем показано, что решения через определенное время возвращаются в аналогичный класс, возможно с другими параметрами. Анализ изменения параметров позволяет описать периодические решения и их устойчивость.
Показано сосуществование бесконечно большого числа устойчивых периодических решений.
Нелинейные волны в параболическом уравнении с оператором растяжения пространственного аргумента и запаздыванием
Authors: Kubyshkin Evgenii Pavlovich , Kulikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2024

Изучаются бифуркации нелинейных волн (пространственно неоднородных решений) из однородных состояний равновесия начально-краевой задачи в круге для нелинейного уравнения параболического типа с оператором растяжения пространственного аргумента и временны́м запаздыванием, возникающей в нелинейной оптике. В плоскости основных параметров уравнения построены области устойчивости (неустойчивости) однородных состояний равновесия, изучена динамика областей устойчивости в зависимости от коэффициента растяжения. Исследованы механизмы потери устойчивости однородными состояниями равновесия, возможные при этом бифуркации пространственно неоднородных автоколебательных решений и их устойчивость. Показана возможность бифуркации устойчивых ротационных и спиральных волн.
Are jobless recoveries history? Okun’s law, insufficient stimulus, and slow recoveries
Authors: Mathy Gabriel
Published: August 2024

The three recessions in the three decades between 1990 and 2009 were said to be followed by jobless recoveries, as employment continued to fall even after the economy began growing during the recovery. This implies that normal recoveries were followed by abnormally ‘jobless’ recoveries. However, these ‘jobless’ recoveries were actually just slow recoveries, as the recoveries in employment can be predicted using the Okun’s relationship relating changes in real GDP and employment. Output was simply growing slowly to create enough new jobs to keep unemployment from rising. While the Okun coefficients changed, the overall relationship continued to hold. The recovery periods of the 1930s, despite the massive disruptions and dislocations of the Great Depression, similarly follow an Okun’s law relationship. Jobless recoveries in the 1980s and 1990s reflect insufficient stimulus. This is confirmed by the experience after the COVID-19 pandemic, where unprecedented fiscal and monetary stimulus resulting in a rapid recovery that was ‘jobfull’ rather than jobless. Whether jobless recoveries will reappear going forward will depend on the amount of stimulus in the next recovery period.
Application of the solitary red mason bee, Osmia rufa L. (syn. O. bicornis), in forest monocultures in Poland
Authors: Kęsy Mateusz
Published: August 2024

Seed orchards are utilised in forestry to avoid monoculture cultivation in forest areas and also constitute a gene bank for various tree species. In order to meet seed needs, preserve species diversity and genetic resources of forest management of the country, several hundred seed orchards served the purposes in Poland today. The paper presents an innovative solution to increase tree yield by introducing nests of solitary bees Osmia rufa L. (syn. O. bicornis) into monocultures. These insects are a natural solution that allows increasing the yield of selected tree and shrub species, especially fruit trees and shrubs and selected forest species. In order to determine the suitability of Osmia rufa L. to support the seed production process, a several-year research project was pursued consisting in assessing the quality of seeds, bee reproduction and identifying natural populations of insects in forest areas that were already present there before the introduction of bees. The research clearly shows that red mason bee, Osmia rufa L., can be employed with great success in forest areas to increase the productivity of selected forest tree species. Additionally, the work presents the results of study of red mason bee reproduction, showing that these bees in forest areas can also develop properly.
Keywords: seed orchards; Tilia cordata; Quercus petraea; Prunus avium; insects; rearing of bees
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Published: August 2024

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Strategi Pencegahan Bunuh Diri di Kalangan Pegawai Negeri pada Polri
Authors: Frans Tjahyono  , Obing Katubi  , Dini Rahma Bintari
Published: August 2024

Tugas sebagai Pegawai Negeri Pada Polri (PNPP) merupakan pekerjaan yang memiliki tingkat stressing tinggi karena harus selalu berhadapan dengan masalah yang ada di Masyarakat. Dalam satu setengah tahun terakhir, yaitu tahun 2022 ada 8 kasus dan tahun 2023, terhitung baru sampai 23 Juni 2023 sudah terjadi 16 kasus polisi bunuh diri. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada seluruh PNPP di 34 Polda. FGD dengan pejabat utama di Polda dan Polres, serta FGD dengan para PNPP di Polda sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari hasil pengisian kuesioner Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) yang disebarkan ke 34 Polda dan Polres jajaran seluruh Indonesia dapat disimpulkan PNPP yang terdiagnosis depresi berat sebanyak 194 orang dan depresi sedang sebanyak 428 orang.  Hasil screening kondisi kesehatan mental khususnya di Polda Metrojaya teridentifikasi anggota Satintelkam Polresta Bandara yang terdiagnosis depresi sedang akhirnya melakukan tindakan bunuh diri, sehingga dari kejadian tersebut perlu segera untuk ditindaklanjuti oleh seluruh jajaran. Rekomendasi yang bisa dijadikan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatan pola dan strategi pencegahan bunuh diri di kalangan PNPP adalah Para pemangku kebijakan harus memberikan perhatian  dan layanan intervensi psikologis yang sesuai kepada para PNPP yang Hasil analisis kesehatan mentalnya menunjukkan gejala depresi, terutama yang berkategori sedang dan berat, berkategori permisif/pro terhadap bunuh diri.
Evaluasi mutu sarpras Polri Evaluasi Mutu Sarana dan Prasarana Polri untuk Pengamanan Objek Vital dalam Rangka Pengamanan Pemilu 2024
Authors: Raslin Harvin
Published: August 2024

Tugas Polri dalam pengamanan objek vital sangat berat dan memiliki tanggung jawab yang tinggi. Direktorat Pengamanan Objek Vital atau Ditpamobvit bertanggung jawab dalam melaksanakan tugas pengamanan objek vital di Polri. Untuk melaksanakan tugas ini, Ditpamobvit perlu menerapkan kemampuan predictive policing, yaitu kemampuan untuk memprediksi situasi dan kondisi serta menganalisis isu dan permasalahan yang berpotensi mengganggu keamanan masyarakat. Terutama menjelang Pemilu 2024, kesiapan yang matang dalam pengamanan objek vital sangat penting untuk mengantisipasi ancaman gangguan kamtibmas yang akan terjadi. Dalam melakukan tugas pengamanan objek vital, sarana dan prasarana yang memadai juga sangat penting untuk mendukung kinerja Ditpamobvit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pentingnya kesiapan sarana dan prasarana dalam mendukung kinerja Ditpamobvit dalam pengamanan objek vital di seluruh wilayah Indonesia, terutama menjelang Pemilu 2024. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, pengisian checklist dan kuesioner, serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai sangat penting untuk mendukung kinerja Pamobvit dalam pengamanan objek vital. Dukungan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi tugas Pamobvit dalam mencegah dan menanggulangi ancaman keamanan pada lokasi objek vital. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam hal ketersediaan dan pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan oleh Pamobvit. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perhatian khusus dari pihak terkait untuk meningkatkan kesiapan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai agar Pamobvit dapat melaksanakan tugasnya dengan optimal dalam menjaga keamanan objek vital di seluruh wilayah Indonesia.
Fever Phobia in a Primary Healthcare Setting: A Singapore Perspective
Authors: Soon WSW , Cheong SK , Hong CY
Published: August 2024

Fever in children is a commonly seen problem in the primary healthcare setting but one which often alarms parents.1 Fever phobia can lead to potentially aggressive and inappropriate management of a febrile child.2-4 Our study seeks to examine the prevalence of fever phobia defined as worries regarding fever, amongst parents visiting the polyclinic as well as their ways of monitoring temperature, past experiences with healthcare practices, traditional practices as well as resources for fever management in children.