bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing chemical synthesis: a two-stage deep neural network for predicting feasible reaction conditions
Authors: Chen Lung-Yi , Li Yi-Pei
Published: January 2024

In the field of chemical synthesis planning, the accurate recommendation of reaction conditions is essential for achieving successful outcomes. This work introduces an innovative deep learning approach designed to address the complex task of predicting appropriate reagents, solvents, and reaction temperatures for chemical reactions. Our proposed methodology combines a multi-label classification model with a ranking model to offer tailored reaction condition recommendations based on relevance scores derived from anticipated product yields. To tackle the challenge of limited data for unfavorable reaction contexts, we employed the technique of hard negative sampling to generate reaction conditions that might be mistakenly classified as suitable, forcing the model to refine its decision boundaries, especially in challenging cases. Our developed model excels in proposing conditions where an exact match to the recorded solvents and reagents is found within the top-10 predictions 73% of the time. It also predicts temperatures within ± 20 °C of the recorded temperature in 89% of test cases. Notably, the model demonstrates its capacity to recommend multiple viable reaction conditions, with accuracy varying based on the availability of condition records associated with each reaction. What sets this model apart is its ability to suggest alternative reaction conditions beyond the constraints of the dataset. This underscores its potential to inspire innovative approaches in chemical research, presenting a compelling opportunity for advancing chemical synthesis planning and elevating the field of reaction engineering.

Scientific contribution

The combination of multi-label classification and ranking models provides tailored recommendations for reaction conditions based on the reaction yields. A novel approach is presented to address the issue of data scarcity in negative reaction conditions through data augmentation.

Graphical Abstract
Identifying overcontrol and undercontrol personality types among young people using the five factor model, and the relationship with disordered eating behaviour, anxiety and depression
Authors: Gilmartin Tanya , Dipnall Joanna F. , Gurvich Caroline , Sharp Gemma
Published: January 2024

Background

Overcontrol and undercontrol personality types have been associated with an increase in eating pathology, depression and anxiety. The aim of the research was to explore whether latent overcontrol and undercontrol personality types could be identified using cluster analysis of the facets of the five factor model (FFM). We further aimed to understand how these personality types were associated with eating pathology, depressed mood and anxiety.

Methods

A total of 561 participants (394 women and 167 men), aged 16–30 years in Australia completed a survey designed to assess disordered eating, FFM personality traits, anxiety, depression and stress. A systematic four-step process using hierarchical, k-means, and random forest cluster analyses were used to identify a meaningful 3-cluster solution.

Results

The results revealed a cluster solution that represented overcontrol, undercontrol and resilient personality types, and highlighted facets of the FFM that were associated with each type. Both overcontrol and undercontrol personality types were associated with increased clinical symptoms compared to the resilient types.

Conclusions

It was concluded that FFM facets may potentially be more meaningful than broad domains in identifying personality types, and that both overcontrol and undercontrol personality types are likely associated with increased clinical symptoms.
From risk communication about asymptomatic atherosclerosis to cognitive and emotional reactions and lifestyle modification
Authors: Andersson Elin M. , Lindvall Kristina , Wennberg Patrik , Johansson Helene , Nordin Steven
Published: January 2024

Background

Non-adherence in the general population to preventive guidelines on cardiovascular disease calls for an interdisciplinary approach acknowledging psychological factors of relevance for risk communication and lifestyle modification. Evidence is building up regarding the advantage of sharing arterial imaging evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis with asymptomatic individuals, but there is limited understanding of how this relates to mechanisms of importance for behavioural change. Longitudinal studies on associations between patients’ reactions and lifestyle modification are missing. The population-based randomized controlled trial VIPVIZA investigates the impact of pictorial information about subclinical atherosclerosis, added to traditional risk factor-based communication. The intervention includes a personalized, colour-coded and age-related risk communication strategy and a motivational conversation, and has been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

Methods

In the present study we assessed cognitive and emotional reactions to the intervention, and how these reactions are associated to lifestyle modification. The participants’ evaluation of the risk communication was assessed in the intervention group (n = 1749). Lifestyle modification was assessed with a lifestyle index based on physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption at baseline and after 3 years. Associations between cognitive and emotional response and lifestyle modification were tested with analyses of covariance in a subset of participants (n = 714–857).

Results

The intervention increased understanding of personal CVD risk, the possibility to influence the risk, and how to influence the risk. Severity of atherosclerosis was associated with emotional reactions, but emotions of strong negative valence were uncommon. Cognitive response and emotional arousal evoked by the intervention were positively associated with lifestyle modification, whereas negative emotions in isolation were not. High level of cognitive response in combination with high level of emotional arousal was found to be most beneficial for lifestyle modification.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate the potential of communicating asymptomatic atherosclerosis with a pictorial, colour-coded and age-related strategy, also including a motivational conversation. Furthermore, the results show the importance of CVD risk communication evoking engagement, and that an interaction between cognitive and emotional reactions might be central for sustained lifestyle modification. Our results also indicate that, in an asymptomatic population, atherosclerosis screening may strengthen disease prevention and health promotion.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01849575. Registration date 08/05/2013.
Robots for surgeons? Surgeons for robots? Exploring the acceptance of robotic surgery in the light of attitudes and trust in robots
Authors: Szabó Balázs , Őrsi Balázs , Csukonyi Csilla
Published: January 2024

Background

Over the last century, technological progress has been tremendous, and technological advancement is reflected in the development of medicine. This research assessed attitudes towards surgical robots and identified correlations with willingness to participate in robotic surgery based on factors influencing trust in automated systems.

Method

Using data from a survey, which included the Multi-dimensional Robot Attitude Scale (MdRAS) and a questionnaire consisting of attitude statements regarding the factors affecting trust in automated systems, the experiment assessed the attitudes of healthcare workers and potential patients towards surgery robots, and attempted to find a correlation between these attitudes, age, and gender.

Results and Conclusion

Statistical evaluation of the responses (N = 197) showed that positive attitude towards surgical robots showed a high correlation with the willingness to participate in robotic surgery and gave the strongest correlations with the MdRAS utility and negative attitude towards robots subscales. For the assessment of willingness, the MdRAS subscales alone did not provide a strong enough correlation. All factors examined showed a significant correlation with participation. Having faith in the surgery robot, the propensity to trust technology, the designer’s reputation, the ease of work that a surgical robot provides, positive experience with robots, and believing the surgeon is competent at operating the machine seemed to have been the most important positive correlations, while fear of errors gave the highest negative correlation. The healthcare workers and potential patients showed significant differences in the subscales of the questionnaire perceived risk and knowledge but no significant difference in the characteristics of the surgical robot. There was no difference in willingness to participate between the samples. Age did not show a significant correlation with the score achieved and willingness in any of the samples. Significant differences were found between male and female respondents, with men having more positive attitudes and being more likely to participate in surgeries using surgery robots than women. As a result, the research potentially sheds light on the factors that need to be considered when building trust in robotic surgery.
Association of common variant rs9934336 of SLC5A2 (SGLT2) gene with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality
Authors: Das Anamika , Dhangadamajhi Gunanidhi
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 has its life-threatening complications more pronounced in people with underlying health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney disease. Inhibition of the sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), which primarily increases urinary glucose excretion, is shown to be beneficial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other comorbidities. SGLT2 is encoded by SLC5A2 gene, and of the several genetic variants, SNP rs9934336 is gaining importance for being associated with reduced HbA1c level and lower incidence of T2D. Since a complex bidirectional relationship exists between COVID-19 and hyperglycaemia, we conducted a worldwide association study to investigate the effect of rs9934336 on COVID-19 outcomes. Worldwide prevalence data of SLC5A2 SNP rs9934336 were obtained from relevant published articles and databases for genomic variants. COVID-19 data procured from the Worldometer website were used for conducting Spearman’s correlation analysis with minor allele frequency data of rs9934336. Significant positive correlation was observed between rs9934336 and COVID-19 incidence (p < 0.0001, r = 0.6225) as well as deaths (p < 0.0001, r = 0.5837). The present finding of significant association of SLC5A2 variant rs9934336 with COVID-19 risk has to be validated by case–control studies in diverse populations along with other variants regulating the expression and function of SGLT2.
Trauma, mind and brain: the impact of war on mental health
Authors: Maercker A.
Published: January 2024

The PTSD diagnosis was in 1980 largely facilitated by consequences of the Vietnam War. Since then, there have been hundreds of other war-related conflicts in the world. My presentation will distinguish between war-related trauma effects on military personnel (where most research has been done) and on civilians, distinguishing effects on children/adolescents, adults and older people. I will answer the question, how do war-related trauma sequelae differ from other man-made or accidental traumas? Further, I will address the issue of whether “moral injury” research in military personnel after wartime operations is also relevant to similar phenomena in civilian populations traumatised by war? Which of the brain-related research approaches (localisation, network connectivity, altered RDoC functions) are particularly relevant in this context? Finally, emerging research priorities related to the current war of invasion against Ukraine will be addressed.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
On the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of adolescent and adult ADHD patients with comorbid substance use: international guidelines
Authors: Crunelle C. L.
Published: January 2024

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occurs with substance use disorders (SUD). Together, these disorders are associated with significantly more burden for patients and society, than each alone. Patients with SUD and underlying ADHD have more complex SUD and have more poly-substance use compared with SUD patients without ADHD. A correct identification of ADHD in adult and adolescent individuals with SUD remains important regarding treatment, treatment effectiveness, and treatment retention.

Several screening tools are available and have been validated in individuals with ADHD and comorbid SUD. It is highly recommended that these are used routinely, followed by an ADHD diagnostic process initiated as soon as possible. While several treatment options are accessible, randomized controlled trials show only limited effect sizes of standard pharmacotherapy in adult and adolescent ADHD patients with comorbid SUD. Simultaneous and integrated treatment, with a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy and for both ADHD and SUD, should preferably be initiated.

We present an overview of the current international guidelines on screening, diagnosis and treatment of ADHD adults and adolescents with comorbid substance use disorders.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Essays on the impact of human capital on foreign direct investment
Authors: Παντελόπουλος Γεώργιος
Published: January 2024

Η Διατριβή εξετάζει την επίδραση το Ανθρωπίνου Κεφαλαίου στις Άμεσες Ξένες Επενδύσεις. Χρησιμοποιεί μεταβλητές της εκπαίδευσης καθώς επίσης και μακροοικονομικές μεταβλητές σε Οικονομετρικό Υπόδειγμα. Επίσης, εξετάζει την επίδραση που φέρουν τα δύο φύλα, δηλ. γυναικών και ανδρών. Χρησιμοποιεί ως δεδομένα αναπτυγμένες οικονομίες οι οποίες εντάσσονται στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και τον Οργανισμό Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας και Ανάπτυξης από το 1960 έως το 2010.
Poetry in performance in postwar Greece, 1945-1965
Authors: Αντωνελάκη Περσεφόνη-Άννα
Published: January 2024

Στρέφοντας την προσοχή μου από την έντυπη στη φωνητική αναπαραγωγή της νεοελληνικής ποίησης, στη διδακτορική μου διατριβή χαρτογραφώ την προβολή της ποίησης μέσα από τρία κανάλια που ανήκουν στη σφαίρα της λαϊκής και μαζικής κουλτούρας: το θέατρο, το ραδιόφωνο και τους δίσκους βινυλίου. Ως αφετηρία για την έρευνά μου επέλεξα το τέλος του Δευτέρου Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, όταν ανανεώνεται το ενδιαφέρον για την προφορική διάδοση της ποίησης σύμφωνα με τα μεταπελευθερωτικά αιτήματα για εκδημοκρατισμό της παιδείας και εκλαΐκευση της «υψηλής τέχνης». Η έρευνά μου σταματά στα μέσα της δεκαετίας του 1960, όταν η παραγωγή δίσκων ηχογραφημένης ποίησης σηματοδοτεί την έναρξη μιας νέας περιόδου στη σχέση της νεοελληνικής ποίησης με τη μαζική κουλτούρα. Συνδυάζοντας μεθοδολογικές προσεγγίσεις από τα επιστημονικά πεδία της ιστορίας, της φιλολογίας, των θεατρικών σπουδών, των σπουδών του ήχου και των μέσων επικοινωνίας, η διατριβή έχει χαρακτήρα κατεξοχήν διεπιστημονικό. Συνομιλεί με το διαρκώς διευρυνόμενο ρεύμα της βιβλιογραφίας που προτάσσει την επανεκτίμηση της ποίησης ως επιτέλεσης (performance). Σε διάλογο ακριβώς με τη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία, προκρίνεται ο όρος επιτέλεση έναντι του όρου απαγγελία για τον τίτλο της διατριβής: η απαγγελία παραπέμπει σε αναγνώσεις ποίησης μπροστά σε ακροατήριο και για τον λόγο αυτό θεωρείται ανεπαρκής για να περιγράψει τη διάδοσή της μέσα από νέες τεχνολογίες (ραδιόφωνο, δίσκοι βινυλίου).
Case Report: Non-convulsive seizure following traumatic brain injury — a significant occurrence that needs to be considered due to potential long-term sequelae
Authors: Zafar Azra
Published: January 2024

Introduction/background Non convulsive seizures (NCS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may remain undiagnosed due to lack of overt clinical manifestation and can have long-term sequelae due to delay in timely treatment. Occurrence of early NCS is known to have subsequent neurologic sequelae due to excitotoxic neuronal injury. Case report This is a case report of a young girl who sustained a TBI due to a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and was admitted with a fluctuating level of consciousness. Her clinical presentation was attributed to TBI; however as her conscious level did not recover, an electroencephalogram (EEG) was requested, which detected non convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Anti-seizure medication (ASM) was started. Her follow-up EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were suggestive of the potential adverse effects of prolonged NCSE. Conclusion NCS may remain undiagnosed in TBI due to a paucity of overt clinical manifestations. Every patient with TBI and altered consciousness at presentation should be evaluated by continuous EEG monitoring immediately, if possible, in the emergency department to avoid long-term sequelae of NCS in such cases.
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Tinospora cardifolia and Ricinus communis via nasal administration in the management of cervical spondylosis: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Jain Madhvi , Ade Vinod , Parwe Shweta , Sawarkar Punam
Published: January 2024

Background- Cervical spondylosis is a disease that is caused by the vitiation of only one bodily humor (dosha) (Vataja nanatmaja). The vata bodily humor (dosa) becomes vitiated and settles in the cervical (manya), creating neck pain and stiffness, which ultimately led to cervical spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis can be examined primarily under the generalization of cervical spondylosis because both conditions have many of the same symptoms. A disorder known as cervical spondylosis, which affects the cervical vertebra, is a degenerative condition of the cervical spine. In addition to having negative effects on a person's health, the disease also significantly lowers the quality of life and daily activities. Ayurveda suggested a treatment for cervical spondylosis to avoid and control the condition. There are numerous therapies in Ayurveda, and Oil administration through the nostrils has been given a significant role in upper clavicular disease (Uurdhvajatrugata roga). Oil administration through nostril therapy has been specifically recommended by Acharya Charka for the treatment of cervical spondylosis. The purpose of certain ayurvedic approaches in the management of cervical spondylosis. Methods: - 60 patients will be split into two groups for this investigation. A tinospora cardifolia and a group of drugs (Mashadi oil) will be given to the group through the nostrils for seven days at a dose of eight drops. The same will be used for the other 30 patients, i.e., group B with Ricinus Communis and a group of drugs (Erandadi oil) administered through the nostrils. Expected result: The result will be assessed on the baseline of objective parameters, and data will be compared after the treatment.
COLOR PERCEPTION IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES AND CULTURES (BASED ON THE FRENCH AND GERMAN LANGIAGE MATERIALS)
Authors: Chaiko Natalja N. , Murieva Meri V.
Published: January 2024

Purpose. This paper is devoted to consideration of the color terms in French and German idioms and paremias and determining specifics of color perception in both languages. The authors made a comprehensive analysis of French and German idioms and paremias which contain color components. Color lexics containing such colors as blue/azure, red, green, yellow, white and black serves as the object of the analysis. Color palette clearly reflects cultural diversity, a worldview of French and German people.

Method and methodology of the work. The study is based on comparative and descriptive method and method of thematical analysis of lexical units.

Results. The results of the conducted research let us to conclude that color terms in both French and German languages are quite diverse from the national-cultural perspective and convey a high degree of intensity. Color perception is grounded on emotional impressions. All the color terms considered in the current article have positive as well as negative assessment, more rarely neutral.

Practical implications. The outcomes of the study can be used in teaching lexicology, phraseology, stylistics, as well as within the field of linguistic and cultural studies of France and Germany.
ON STYLISTIC AND SEMANTIC-STYLISTIC SYNONYMS IN THE EVEN LANGUAGE
Authors: Nesterova Elena V.
Published: January 2024

The lexicon of the Even language is extremely understudied. The choice of the topic of this paper is conditioned by the necessity to cover the undeveloped issues on synonyms of Even language with regard to their sources; semantic and typological features. The present work is devoted to the study of stylistic synonymy in the Even language.

Purpose. To identify the resources of stylistic synonymy, highlight stylistic and semantic-stylistic synonyms, as well as define their features.

Materials and methods. The research is based on the descriptive method, the techniques of linguistic observation, generalisation and interpretation are used. The source of the study is the "Even-Russian dictionary" by V.A. Robbek, M.E.

Robbek.

Results. The paper is the first to define and distribute words with stylistic meaning as well as to single out the type of semantic-stylistic synonyms and to give a description of stylistic synonyms in the Even language. The sources of these types of synonyms are words of dialect, folklore, ritual and colloquial lexicon.

Practical implications. The results of the work can be applied in researches on the languages of the Manchu-Tungus peoples.
FLEXIBLE METHODOLOGIES IN MANAGING AN IT PROJECT DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Authors: Il'chenko E.
Published: January 2024

One of the important issues in the implementation of the strategy for the socio-economic development of the country and regions is the problem of managing the intellectual resources of companies. In modern conditions of economic development, the intellectual resources of companies are becoming increasingly important. The key task of enterprises in the IT field is to increase the efficiency of ongoing business processes. Problems related to the organization and management of teamwork are becoming increasingly important. Choosing the optimal approach to team management in a certain situation plays a significant role in the development of companies. [1]. The performance of software development companies largely depends on the correctness of the chosen software development methodology.

The purpose of the study is to study approaches to managing the intellectual resources of companies, as well as choosing the optimal approach to managing a team of IT project developers. The article presents the results of a study of existing methodologies, and also makes an attempt to form an optimal and adequate model for managing a team of IT project developers.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF LABOR RESOURCES AND PERSONNEL ADAPTATION
Authors: Afanasev Valentin , Danilina A.
Published: January 2024

The effectiveness of human resource management is a fundamental factor in improving the efficiency of the organization. Personnel management and the use of human resources is characterized by a purposeful impact on the personnel of the organization, which is an open system. Improving the efficiency of human resource management and personnel adaptation is directly related to the development of abilities and skills for making managerial decisions at different stages of the company’s activities. Analyzing labor resources, it is possible to identify reserves of personnel efficiency due to labor productivity, rational use of work time and the organization of the management system. The article reflects the factors influencing the organizational structure, the main characteristics of the types of competencies, methods of effective use of labor resources, as well as practical application in PJSC “NK Rosneft” and PJSC “Lukoil”.
Dominant types of temporality of socially non-normative adolescents
Authors: Dukhnovsky Sergey , Shakhmatov Alexander
Published: January 2024

The article, using empirical material, examines the problem of temporal characteristics of non-normative adolescents. The questions are revealed about whether the non-normativity of adolescents is interconnected with their tendency to certain types of deviant behavior, as well as whether there are differences in the types of temporality of adolescents who have different features of non-normativity and behavioral deviations inherent in it. The respondents were 197 teenagers (among them 100 girls and 97 boys aged 15 to 16 years), all citizens of Russia, students of secondary schools. The following questionnaires were used: “Normativity. Intelligence. Regulation”, “Tendency to deviant behavior”, “Subjective assessment of time orientation”, “Time scenario of personality” and “Subjective attitude towards time scale”. As a result of the study, three groups of adolescents were identified - normative, non-normative-creative (emotional) and non-normative-reproductive (calculating). It has been established that normative adolescent express resource temporality - a plastic attitude to time, a permissive time scenario and a resource focus on the present and future. Non-normative-creative (emotional) adolescents have an infantile-fixed temporality - an indifferent attitude to time, an infantile-permissive time scenario and a fixed time focus on the present, reduced volitional control of emotional reactions, a tendency to overcome norms and rules and aggressive behavior. Non-normative-reproductive (calculating) adolescents have a neurotic-fixed temporality - time dependence, a prohibitive time scenario and a fixed time focus on the past, a tendency to overcome norms and rules and delinquent behavior. In practical terms, the transformation of temporality can be one of the promising areas of psychological support for adolescents, in order to prevent and prevent their deviant behavior.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF CONFLICTS IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF MINORAL AFFAIRS EMPLOYEES
Authors: Kryzhevskaya Natal'ya , Zhikriveckaya Yuliya , Behoeva Asya
Published: January 2024

The article examines the problem of the emergence of conflicts in the professional activities of employees of internal affairs bodies; an analysis of domestic and foreign works on the research problem is carried out; the relevance of scientific understanding of the reasons for the growth of conflict and tension in the team is substantiated; The results of our own research aimed at identifying psychological factors in the emergence of conflicts among employees are presented. The sample is represented by 80 employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Stavropol Territory. During the study, methodological tools were used aimed at identifying psychological factors that contribute to the emergence of conflicts: personal characteristics underlying the subject’s tendency to conflict; features of the emotional sphere, manifested in the professional behavior of employees and allowing to identify the presence of the syndrome and the leading symptoms of emotional burnout; features of employee perception of interpersonal and socio-psychological contradictions that arise in the group, the combination of which can provoke conflicts. Based on the analysis of empirical data, conclusions were made that a certain combination of personal and emotional properties of employees, features of the perception of contradictions, which, from the point of view of the subjects, manifest themselves in the work team and which relate to both interpersonal and professional spheres of interaction, can become provocative factors of conflicts.
Una propuesta de evaluación de Recursos Educativos Digitales a través de la metodología fsQCA longitudinal
Authors: Mendaña-Cuervo Cristina , Remo-Diez, Nieves , López-González Enrique
Published: January 2024

El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación en el ámbito docente ha supuesto la proliferación de Recursos Educativos Digitales (REDs) que tratan de fomentar el aprendizaje autónomo y asíncrono de los estudiantes buscando, a su vez, mejorar el resultado académico. Sin embargo, en pocos casos se evalúa las consecuencias de dichos recursos en el proceso de aprendizaje. En este trabajo, se propone la metodología fsQCA para establecer las combinaciones de REDs que facilitan la obtención de un mejor desempeño de los estudiantes, frente metodologías que se basan en el estudio de los efectos netos de cada recurso. El trabajo se complementa con un análisis para varios cursos académicos a través de la metodología fsQCA longitudinal, lo que facilita realizar un análisis en el tiempo, propiciando una visión dinámica de oportunidad y relevancia de los REDs. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que no existe una única combinación de REDs que conduzcan al éxito, sino que la utilización de dichos recursos de diferentes formas combinadas permite a los estudiantes el logro de sus objetivos académicos, concluyendo que la metodología planteada puede resultar de utilidad para la evaluación de REDs con independencia de la tipología de los mismos.
El uso del modelo GPT de OpenAI para el análisis de textos abiertos en investigación educativa
Authors: González-Mayorga Héctor , Rodríguez-Esteban Agustín , Vidal Javier
Published: January 2024

La atribución de significado a los segmentos de información propia del análisis de textos abiertos en investigación cualitativa implica una considerable inversión de tiempo. Las herramientas de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural pueden convertirse en un recurso para el investigador cualitativo, en cuanto que sus algoritmos permiten interpretar los textos y codificar cualitativamente de forma mucho más rápida. Esta tarea, sin embargo, requiere probar previamente el nivel de comprensión verbal de estas herramientas. La aparición del modelo GPT-3 de OpenAI supuso un salto cualitativo respecto a modelos de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural anteriores. El objetivo fue analizar la capacidad de comprensión verbal de esta herramienta. Se aplicaron las pruebas del índice de comprensión verbal de la batería para la medición del cociente intelectual WAIS-IV. Los resultados de las pruebas de fiabilidad fueron satisfactorios. Respecto al nivel de comprensión verbal, las respuestas situaron a GPT-3 en un percentil superior al 99, comparado con los estándares humanos. Estos resultados demuestran que es posible utilizar este modelo como herramienta para el análisis de textos abiertos, abriendo enormes posibilidades para la investigación cualitativa, aunque su uso debe basarse en una utilización precisa y diseñada ad hoc para cada proceso de análisis.
Uso académico del smartphone en la formación de posgrado: percepción del alumnado en Ecuador
Authors: López-Padrón Alexander , Mengual-Andrés Santiago , Hermann Acosta Ernesto Andrés
Published: January 2024

La transformación digital de la educación de posgrado para el aprendizaje ubicuo ha generado la necesidad del uso académico del smartphone. Por ello, los objetivos del trabajo fueron: 1) caracterizar el perfil de uso académico del smartphone percibido por los estudiantes de posgrado ecuatorianos en el campo de la educación de una universidad de la Costa y otra de la Sierra; 2) Comparar los resultados obtenidos respecto al uso académico del smartphone según la universidad de procedencia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque metodológico cuantitativo mediante un diseño no experimental transversal comparativo causal, aplicando una versión adaptada del “Cuestionario smartphone y universidad. Visión del alumnado” a una muestra incidental de 415 estudiantes. Los resultados evidenciaron un uso frecuente del smartphone con fines académicos, como herramienta para la gestión y organización académica, la búsqueda rápida de información, y de comunicación con compañeros y docentes, quienes no suele motivar su uso en el aula, razón por la cual expresan haber aprendido a utilizarlo de manera autodidacta. El estudio comparado mostró diferencias significativas entre las percepciones de los estudiantes, destacándose la incentivación del docente al uso del smartphone en actividades prácticas en clase y explicaciones teóricas por los de la región Costa.
Pescadores y canoas entre dos aguas. La comunidad pesquera de Tasajeras (Magdalena, Colombia).
Authors: Nieva Sanz Daniel Miguel
Published: January 2024

Sobre la fina lengua de tierra que sostiene la carretera Troncal del Caribe (RN90), separando la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta y el Mar Caribe, se ubica una comunidad de pescadores artesanales, cuyas artes de navegación se han adaptado a ambos contextos acuosos. En un momento de transición avanzada hacia la fibra de vidrio, acceso limitado a la madera y pérdida de los oficios artesanales relacionados con la náutica, la presente investigación se propone localizar, registrar y analizar las tipologías aún construidas con materiales y técnicas tradicionales. Es decir, tanto la memoria o reminiscencias de canoas monóxilas o de base monóxila, como todas aquellas embarcaciones que han sido o son empleadas por los pescadores tasajeros, a fin de definir su morfología, analizar su funcionalidad y aproximarnos a sus prestaciones náuticas en las dos aguas, así como evaluar el valor simbólico de la canoa en el seno de esta comunidad y su precaria realidad socioeconómica.
¿Cómo perciben los profesionales millennials la planificación de carrera?
Authors: Blanco Dopazo Maria , Golik Mariela
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Al ser los recorridos de carreras cada vez más idiosincráticos, la gestión de carrera individual constituye un aspecto clave del desarrollo profesional. Además, los millennials supondrán el 75 % de la fuerza laboral mundial. En consecuencia, este trabajo examina la percepción del proceso de planificación de carrera por parte de los millennials profesionales. Metodología: Por medio de un enfoque cualitativo exploratorio, 26 profesionales millennials de Europa y América Latina participaron en este estudio. Resultados principales: Aunque la mayoría planifica su carrera en algún grado, distintos grupos fueron identificados: aquellos que planifican a detalle, los que planifican solo grandes objetivos, los que planifican de manera gradual y los que no planifican. Aun en contextos inciertos, y debido a esta incertidumbre, la planificación de carrera sigue vigente. Conclusiones: Estos resultados contribuyen a ampliar la literatura sobre gestión de carrera individual. Al mismo tiempo, pueden ayudar a que los empleadores ofrezcan un acompañamiento de carrera más ajustado al tipo de planificador y a su origen cultural; estas iniciativas son especialmente relevantes en contextos de carrera pospandémicos.
Leveraging Linkedin Networking Tools for Optimal Talent Acquisition in the Banking Industry: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Datta Agnideep , Dutta Surjadeep , Santhanam Gokul , Sengupta Sarthak , Arivazhagan R.
Published: January 2024

LinkedIn is an effective tool for recruiting and networking. Job seekers can participate in industry-related conversations, interact with professionals in their sector, and establish engaging profiles. They can also follow businesses that interest them and look for job openings. LinkedIn gives recruiters and companies a place to advertise job openings, highlight company cultures and locate and engage with applicants via tools like LinkedIn Recruiter. It's a go-to place for people and businesses in the professional sector since it's an excellent tool for establishing business relationships and streamlining the recruiting process. The purpose of this conceptual study is to investigate and comprehend how Human Resources (HR) professionals use LinkedIn networking tools to find the best candidates for positions in the Banking sector.LinkedIn has become a vital recruitment tool at a time of digital transformation and heightened competition for top people. The goal of this study is to identify the approaches and techniques HR specialists in the banking industry use to make use of LinkedIn's networking features, which include corporate pages, job listings, and applicant searches. In addition to examining the potential and difficulties that come with this strategy, the research will look into how much it helps recruit competent personnel. This study intends to provide insightful information on how LinkedIn is used in the banking industry's hiring process. By doing so, it hopes to improve HR procedures and the process of choosing and onboarding qualified individuals in a cutthroat market.
Defumação ou ação para reconstrução (série fotográfica)
Authors: Caridade Waleff Dias
Published: January 2024

Defumação ou ação para a reconstrução (2021) acompanha a queimada do incenso palo santo sobre uma base de dildo preto de borracha destruído, posicionado na região genital, e é a defumação do fantasma fraseado da masculinidade, personificado na figura paterna, que assombrava o artista quando criança. “- Não seja igual o teu pai”. A série fotográfica conecta a ação, a destruição do (meu) falo** (2019), em que o artista assimilou as representações, dionisíaca (um membro assustador) e sadomasoquista (violador)***, ofertadas à homens negros pela branquitude e tencionou a destruição através da antropofagia coletiva do símbolo, uma vez que a mãe negra não teria que ser guerreira se o pai negro não tivesse sido pressionado para representar o papel da violência. Diferente da percepção ocidental, deformando e oferecendo a autodestruição, o falo negro é força de afirmação e transgressão. Ele é o ogó que Exu porta e com ele transforma, antes de um caráter de reprodução, é o fluxo de sangue vivo do movimento da vida. Desse modo, por meio da fumaça, o primeiro elo de comunicação com o ancestral, proponho a reconstrução articulando outra relação com a masculinidade.
A povoada língua de Eros
Authors: Victorio Filho Aldo , Braga Motta de Paula Nathan
Published: January 2024

ResumoO jogo entre imagem e palavra, encarado aqui como uma possível tradução do Eros, dá indícios da tensão entre o que se pode nomear, ainda que se escape, e o que está posto à posteriori da linguagem.Palavras-chave: Língua, Eros, Linguagem, Fotografia. AbstractThe game between image and word, seen here as a possible translation of Eros, gives indications of the tension between what can be named, even if it escapes, and what is placed a posteriori in language.Keywords: Language, Eros, Language, Photography.
Multiple paradoxical embolisms caused by central venous catheter thrombus passing through a patent foramen ovale: A case report
Authors: Li Jian-Duan , Xu Nian , Zhao Qiang , Li Biao , Li Li
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

To date, this is the first case of a paradoxical embolism (PDE) that concurrently manifested in the coronary and lower limb arteries and was secondary to a central venous catheter (CVC) thrombus via a patent foramen ovale (PFO).

CASE SUMMARY

Here, we report a case of simultaneous coronary and lower limb artery embolism in a PFO patient carrier of a CVC. The patient presented to the hospital with acute chest pain and lower limb fatigue. Doppler ultrasound showed a large thrombus in the right internal jugular vein, precisely at the tip of the CVC. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the existence of a PFO, with inducible right-to-left shunting by the Valsalva maneuver. The patient was administered an extended course of anticoagulation therapy, and then the CVC was successfully removed. Percutaneous PFO closure was not undertaken. There was no recurrence during follow-up.

CONCLUSION

Thus, CVC-associated thrombosis is a potential source for multiple PDE in PFO patients.
The Challenge of Governance and Public Representation in Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Khalid
Published: January 2024

While the problems of political instability, polarization, corruption, etc., are not unique to Pakistan and continue to afflict all countries and societies, a more representative, multi-tier system of governance can resolve such problems more efficiently and effectively with genuine public participation. Pakistan is currently facing serious political and economic crises. However, these crises point towards symptoms of the problem, the cause lies in governance. The challenge of good governance can be met by reforming the electoral system, among other things. There are mainly two electoral systems in vogue in the world – the traditional ‘first-past-the-post’, and the ‘proportional representation’. This paper argues that the former only promotes individual and parochial interests, while disenfranchising majority votes. The latter one represents all segments of society besides promoting national feeling and character. The constitution of Pakistan though gives an elaborate and practicable framework for governance, it still has room for amendments in keeping with the demands of changing times. Introducing electoral reforms, improving the existing system, at national and local level, and focusing on the quality of ‘governors’ are crucial steps to achieve better governance.
Las empleadas de hogar en España: precariedad, crisis y resistencias
Authors: Ortiz Monera Rosa
Published: January 2024

Las empleadas de hogar en España constituyen un colectivo caracterizado por su precarización y menosprecio. La informalidad, los abusos por parte de las familias empleadoras y las regulaciones discriminatorias están ligadas a la vulnerabilidad asociada a múltiples ejes de desigualdad, como son el origen, el género o la condición migratoria. En este artículo, mediante entrevistas a empleadas de hogar, análisis de las regulaciones del sector y análisis de fuentes secundarias, se muestra cómo las empleadas de hogar han estado específicamente afectadas por la Gran Recesión y por la pandemia. Asimismo, mediante fuentes periodísticas y publicaciones en sus redes sociales, se analizan y se ponen en valor la lucha del colectivo y sus logros.
Movimientos Sociales en Chile: “Movimientos Feministas y su Asalto Institucional. Oportunidades Políticas y de Mediación”
Authors: Salinas Rosen Álvaro , Bretones Esteban María Trinidad
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo, de carácter cualitativo, tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar las oportunidades políticas y de mediación que impulsaron el asalto institucional de los movimientos feministas en Chile. Para ello, se analizaron datos secundarios y documentales, además de llevar a cabo entrevistas semidirigidas a mujeres feministas. Los resultados revelan que hay una serie de hitos históricos que han proporcionado estructuras de oportunidades políticas y de mediación, incluyendo el primer gobierno de Michelle Bachelet en 2006, la creación de secretarías de género y sexualidad en las universidades en 2011, el Mayo Feminista en 2018 y el estallido social en 2019.
ENSEÑANDO A SERVIR. LAS MUJERES EN EL NO-DO (1943-1975)
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ LÓPEZ JOSÉ MIGUEL
Published: January 2024

La dictadura de Francisco Franco demostró una notable capacidad de adaptación a los cambios políticos, sociales y económicos que marcaron el contexto de Europa desde el final de la II Guerra Mundial hasta las postrimerías de la Guerra Fría. El NO-DO, como indiscutible órgano de propaganda oficial del régimen entre 1943 y 1975, matizó y tergiversó con sus imágenes mucho del gran proceso de cambio social y económico que estaba viviendo la España de entonces, especialmente a partir de 1957 con el desarrollo. Por ello, el artículo que sigue a continuación quiere acercarse a un aspecto muy concreto y es éste el relativo al tratamiento de la mujer en sus diversas apariciones en los noticiarios: moda, estudios, trabajo, madre, esposa, deporte, artista… Entre otros muchos. En definitiva: se trata de mostrar si los cambios que se estaban produciendo en España quedaron reflejados en las consideraciones que el NO-DO hacía sobre la mujer, o estas permanecieron iguales a lo largo del tiempo.
LA FUNCIÓN SOCIAL DEL NO-DO. ¿QUÉ SABRÍAMOS DE LA FIGURA DEL CINEASTA LUIS G. BERLANGA ÚNICAMENTE A TRAVÉS DE LA COBERTURA OFICIALISTA?
Authors: JIMÉNEZ GONZÁLEZ XAVIER
Published: January 2024

Luis G. Berlanga (1921-2010) es reconocido, hoy en día, como el cineasta español más relevante de la dictadura franquista, aunque, por contra, la aparición de su obra en el NO-DO fue minoritaria. Durante casi cuatro décadas, el célebre noticiario condicionó la historia cultural de España al proyectar una información basada en el ideal de la censura, y que en el campo de la cinematografía resultó especialmente incisivo en los casos de emblemáticos directores como Berlanga, Bardem o Saura. El artículo plantea un recorrido por el cine de Berlanga según la sesgada visión del NO-DO, comparándolo con los análisis ofrecidos por una serie de revistas especializadas (Primer plano, Otro cine, Film ideal, Dirigido por…, etc.), que entre los años 1950 y 1980 cubrieron el déficit impulsado desde las instituciones franquistas.
EL BACHILLERATO A TRAVÉS DEL NO-DO (1943-1975): LA ESCASA REPRESENTACIÓN DE LA ETAPA DE LAS “ÉLITES”
Authors: MOLINA POVEDA MARÍA DOLORES
Published: January 2024

NO-DO fue el medio propagandístico-audiovisual más importante del franquismo, ya que informaba sobre diferentes temas, siendo uno de ellos la educación. En este artículo nos vamos a centrar en el Bachiller. El objetivo principal es analizar qué se mostró en el NO-DO sobre el Bachiller desde 1943 hasta 1975. Para ello se han visionado y seleccionado todas las noticias, documentales y reportajes de las cinco secciones propias de NO-DO que tratan sobre esta etapa educativa: Noticiarios, Documental en Blanco y Negro, Documental en Color, Revista Imágenes e Imágenes del Deporte. Los resultados obtenidos se han contextualizado con fuentes primarias y secundarias. En definitiva, NO-DO transmitió una imagen del Bachiller centrada en la inauguración de institutos y en mostrar la visita de autoridades a estos centros.
61ª EDICIÓN DEL FESTIVAL INTERNACIONAL DE CINE DE GIJÓN (FICX)
Authors: SÁNCHEZ GARCÍA SANDRA
Published: January 2024

Crónica del Festival Internacional de cine de Gijón (FICX)
28º FESTIVAL DE CINE DE ZARAGOZA (FCZ28)
Authors: IRIARTE VINYAS JULIA
Published: January 2024

Crónica del Festival de cine de Zaragoza.
La chica que leía a Maquiavelo en Miércoles (Alfred Gough y Miles Millar, TV, USA, 2022)
Authors: Cañas Pelayo Marcos Rafael
Published: January 2024

Series actuales
CHELOTTI, Verónica Raquel. Del exiliado económico al sudaca ilustrado. Argentinos migrantes en el cine del estallido. Quilmes: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Publicaciones Ciencias Sociales, 2023.
Authors: Sánchez Barba Francesc
Published: January 2024

Reseña libro Del Exilio económico al sudaca ilustrado