bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verbi pietikt, trūkt un teikuma priekšmeta locījums apgalvojumā un noliegumā
Authors: Lauze Linda
Published: December 2024

Mūsdienu latviešu valodā vērojama ģenitīva un nominatīva konkurence teikuma priekšmeta pozīcijā. Trešās personas verbi pietikt un trūkt piesaista teikuma priekšmetu ģenitīvā, taču spontāni veidotos tekstos ir sastopams arī teikuma priekšmets nominatīvā. Raksta mērķis ir analizēt verbu pietikt un trūkt sintaktisko valenci saistījumā ar teikuma priekšmeta locījumu apgalvojumā un noliegumā.
Individuālajā vākumā katram verbam ir pa 200 piemēriem – 100 apgalvojumā un tikpat noliegumā (kopā – 400 piemēru). Par pētījuma praktisko materiālu izvēlēts spontāns vai samērā spontāns, nerediģēts latviešu valodas lietojums sociālo mediju tekstos, universitātes semināros, sarunvalodā, radio pārraidēs, kas fiksēts mutvārdu vai rakstveida formā. Salīdzinājumam izvēlēts latviešu valodas korpuss „Pandēmijas dienasgrāmatas” (PanDi), kura teksti nav rediģēti, tāpat kā individuālajā raksta autores vākumā. Piemēru kopu veido 74 piemēri ar verbu pietikt (no tiem 51 teikums ir ar minēto verbu apgalvojumā un 23 teikumi – noliegumā) un 62 piemēri ar verbu trūkt (no tiem 46 gadījumos minētais verbs ir apgalvojumā un 16 gadījumos – noliegumā).
Verbam netrūkt saistījumā ar teikuma priekšmetu ģenitīvā ir visaugstākais procentuālais rādītājs (87 %) individuālajā vākumā. Analizējot PanDi datus, kur ir tikai 16 teikumi ar verbu trūkt noliegumā, visos gadījumos (100 %) tam ir piesaistīts teikuma priekšmets ģenitīvā. Kvalitatīvā datu analīze rāda, ka vairumā gadījumu ģenitīva izmantojuma procentuālais pārsvars teikuma priekšmeta funkcijā ir ievērojams. Verbs noliegumā vairāk tiek saistīts ar teikuma priekšmetu ģenitīvā gan individuālā vākuma, gan PanDi datos. Rakstā ir pievērsta uzmanība arī faktam, vai analizētie teikumi ir mutvārdu vai rakstu formā.
A generative syntactic analysis of Latvian grammatical prefixes jā-, ne-
Authors: Korostenskienė Julija
Published: December 2024

The present study explores Latvian grammatical prefixes jā-, ne-, from the generative syntactic perspective. To date, in contrast to significant research within the traditional syntactic dimension, generative syntactic studies of Latvian in general have been very limited (e.g., Apse 2007; Fábregas et al. 2018; Kushnir 2019; Biks 2020), and verbal morphosyntax is yet to become a topic of discussion. Meanwhile, the two grammatical verbal prefixes under analysis raise a number of questions, such as their incompatibility with respect to one another in Standard Latvian, their placement on the generative syntactic tree, and the non-canonical case marking in the debitive construction. To answer these questions, the present study builds on the generative theory of X-bar syntax (Chomsky 1993; 1995), Rizzi’s (1997) Split-CP hypothesis, Case Theory (Chomsky 2001), and previous findings on the Baltic verb (Korostenskiene 2017; 2022). The proposed approach to the debitive construction and accompanying non-canonical case-marking in Latvian is hoped to contribute to the existing field of research as well as to have implications for the study of clausal phenomena in Baltic languages from the generative syntactic perspective.
How lemmatisation and derivational annotation affect productivity measures: The case of deverbal agent nouns in the Joint Corpus of Lithuanian
Authors: Pakerys Jurgis , Dadurkevičius Virginijus , Navickaitė-Klišauskienė Agnė
Published: December 2024

We discuss the automatic and manual stages of the lemmatisation and annotation of the Joint Corpus of Lithuanian (1.3 billion words) used to measure derivational productivity. As a case study, we present data of three productive deverbal agent noun suffixes in Lithuanian, -toj-, -ėj-, -ik-, and measure their realized, expanding, and potential productivity. We show that an additional semi-automatic lemmatisation and a manual derivational annotation significantly increase type and hapax counts. We also note that lemmatisation is affected by an artificially increased number of lemmas due to homographic forms unresolved by the lemmatiser. After the manual disambiguation of hapaxes, the numbers of feminine formations in -toj-(a) and -ėj-(a) were the most significantly reduced.
Productive word-formation types of compound neologisms in the Lithuanian language
Authors: Vaskelienė Jolanta
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to neologisms of the most productive word-formation types of nominal and adjectival compounds. The study is based on the data of the analysis of 355 compounds (244 nouns and 111 adjectives) of four word-formation types.
The study of neologisms has showen that the sequence of the most productive types of nominal compounds (noun + noun, adjective + noun) remains the same as indicated in grammars. The most productive word-formation type, noun + noun, includes 70 % of nominal neologisms. Thus, this word-formation type both in the past and present is the most productive.
Nouns of both word-formation types meet the requirements of word-formation. Compounds are derived with an interfix (56 %) and without it (44 %). There remains a tendency to be based on base words of simple structure (78 % of compounds are based on morphemically indivisible stems of base words).
The sequence of the most productive types of adjectival compounds also remained the same: the most productive type is adjective + noun (85 % of adjectival compounds), the second most productive type is noun + noun (15 %). 89 % of compounds have an interfix. 65 % of compounds are based on base words with morphemically indivisible stems.
All neologisms are based on the base words included in the dictionaries.
The meanings of all neologisms become clear from a minimal or wider context. Productivity of the word-formation type and knowledge of analogical real compounds also help to understand the meaning of a compound. Many neologisms are words with a negative connotation, often they are names of persons.
Tauriņu taksonomija: sprīžmešu dzimtas sugu nosaukumu derivatīvi semantiskā struktūra
Authors: Vulāne Anna
Published: December 2024

Tauriņi jeb zvīņspārņi (Lepidoptera) ir viena no bagātākajām un krāšņākajām kukaiņu kārtām, kas veido plašu, sazarotu dzimtu un sugu taksonomiju. Tos nosacīti iedala dienas tauriņos un naktstauriņos, lieltauriņos un sīktauriņos. Lingvistiskā aspektā tauriņu terminoloģiskā sistēma latviešu valodā līdz šim nav plašāk analizēta, tāpēc pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot, kā darināti vienas tauriņu dzimtas sugu nosaukumi un kādu informāciju par objektu sniedz izmantotie motivētājvārdi.
Tauriņu sugu nosaukšanai parasti izmantota sintaktiska konstrukcija, kurā līdzās sugas nosaukumam lietots viens vai divi diferencētājvārdi, piem., pelēkais saulkrēsliņu sprīžmetis (Coenocalpe lapidata). Termina pamatkomponents lielākoties ir determinatīvais saliktenis, kura pirmā daļa norāda dzimtai raksturīgu vispārīgo pazīmi – tauriņa lielumu, krāsu, piemēram, baltsprīžmetis, uzturēšanās vietu, spārnu izskatu u. tml. Otrā daļa ir dzimtas nosaukums – salikteņatvasinājums sprīžmetis (Geometridae), kura motivētājvārdkopa sniedz informāciju par tauriņu kāpuram raksturīgo pārvietošanās veidu. Savukārt vārdkopterminu pirmais vai otrais komponents ir pirmatnīgs vai atvasināts vārds, saliktenis vai salikteņatvasinājums, kas sniedz konkretizējošu, precizējošu, vienkāršu vai kombinē­tu informāciju par tauriņa krāsu (brūnais melleņu sprīžmetis (Cepphis advenaria), pelēkzaļais lapsprīžmetis (Colostygia aptata)), formu (druknais bērzu sprīžmetis (Biston betularia)), kāpura dzīves vietu (priežu sprīžmetis (Bupalus piniarius)) u. tml.
Tauriņu nosaukumu terminoloģisko kopumu veido gan pašcilmes vārdi un nozares speciālistu oriģināldarinājumi, gan arī pēc citu valodu parauga veidotas leksēmas, kas diezgan detalizēti, precīzi, niansēti raksturo tauriņus, atklājot ikdienas vērojumos gūtās asociatīvās saiknes, un iekļaujas valodas derivatīvajā un pasaulainas sistēmā.
SIMPLE LAWSUIT IN SHARIA ECONOMIC DISPUTES. A CASE STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 1/PDT.G.S/2019/PA.KDS
Authors: Nurhisam Luqman , Eriyanti Nahara
Published: December 2024

As the activities of the Sharia economy develop, the number of Sharia economic dispute cases submitted to the Religious Court has increased. One of the cases decided by the Kudus Religious Court is the Breach of Contract Lawsuit with Decision Number 1/P.dt.G.S/2019/PA.Kds. The Supreme Court issued Regulation Number 14 of 2016 concerning Procedures for the Settlement of Sharia Economic Disputes, which includes simple lawsuits and ordinary lawsuits. Simple lawsuits are further regulated in Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2015, which was later amended to Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning Procedures for the Settlement of Simple Lawsuits. This regulation aims to ensure that the resolution of Sharia economic disputes is simpler, faster, and less costly. This research aims to analyze the process and mechanism for resolving simple Sharia economic dispute lawsuits at the Kudus Religious Court, examine the judges' considerations in deciding Sharia economic dispute cases, and identify challenges in resolving Sharia economic disputes. The type of research used is field research with a qualitative approach, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary data. The results of the study show that the process and considerations of the judges in Decision Number 1/P.dt.G.S/2019/PA.Kds are in accordance with applicable regulations. However, the resolution of the case takes quite a long time. Therefore, judges in the Religious Courts are required to have competence in Sharia economic law to handle cases more effectively and efficiently.
Implantação do Plano de Manutenção Operação e Controle em Sistemas de Climatização em Empresa Produtora de Placas de Madeira.
Authors: Rebelatto Pedro Henrique , Do Nascimento Iramar Basbtístella , Fleig Raquel , Keine Sandro
Published: December 2024

O plano de manutenção operação e controle aplicado a sistemas de ar condicionado é item obrigatório que visa estabelecer os procedimentos básicos para atender aos parâmetros sanitários para o ar processado e de bom funcionamento dos equipamentos de climatização, desta forma evitando danos à saúde dos ocupantes de locais climatizados. Este trabalho buscou implantar um plano de manutenção operação e controle de acordo com os quesitos legais. Foi realizado pela aplicação da metodologia de estudo de caso em uma empresa do ramo madeireiro entre os meses de junho e setembro de 2017. As estratégias de implantação do processo seguiram as seguintes etapas: acompanhamento das equipes de manutenção; verificação das atividades realizadas; contato e explanação do estudo com a alta gerência; análise dos equipamentos atuais da empresa; inventário dos aparelhos pertencentes. Na sequência organizou-se o plano de manutenção operação e controle, com a definição das atividades, planejamento e periodicidade das mesmas, bem como o seu controle na empresa. Ao fim do trabalho, poucos meses após a implementação do plano, já se tornaram visíveis os benefícios, como: atendimento a legislação, o que antes deixava a empresa vulnerável a sanções previstas em lei, melhora no desempenho dos equipamentos, melhor organização das atividades de manutenção e redução no número de falhas dos equipamentos.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN UMPAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN RAWAI (LONG LINE) DI PERAIRAN DESA TANJUNG TANAH, DANAU KERINCI
Authors: Agustin Jefri , Budiansyah Agus , Lisna Lisna
Published: December 2024

Alat tangkap rawai (long line) adalah salah satu alat tangkap yang sering digunakan oleh para nelayan di Danau Kerinci. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui umpan yang paling efektif digunakan nelayan untuk melakukan penangkapan ikan di Danau Kerinci. Umpan yang digunakan cacing tanah, usus ayam, dan keong mas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode experimental fishing yaitu metode penangkapan secara langsung oleh peneliti dengan dibantu nelayan setempat. Data yang diperoleh, dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Anova dan di lanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata pada hasil tangkapan ikan barau, ikan nila, dan ikan medik dengan menggunakan umpan cacing tanah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah umpan cacing tanah merupakan umpan yang paling efektif untuk digunakan nelayan pada alat tangkap rawai di Perairan Desa Tanjung Tanah Danau Kerinci.
Kata Kunci: long line, umpan, tangkap
PERBANDINGAN HASIL TANGKAPAN PADA ALAT TANGKAP GILLNET DENGAN UKURAN MATA JARING YANG BERBEDA DI DANAU PAUH KECAMATAN JANGKAT KABUPATEN MERANGIN
Authors: Arfiana Bs Monica , Noferdiman Noferdiman , Monika Lilis
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil tangkapan alat tangkap gillnet menggunakan ukuran mata jaring 2,5 dan 3 inci di Danau Pauh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode experimental fishing. Penangkapan dilakuan dari pukul 6.30-10.00 WIB. Peralatan yang digunakan adalah alat tangkap gillnet perahu, termometer, pH meter, secchi disk, meteran, timbangan, alat tulis, kamera, dan laptop. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan analisis uji T. Hasil analisis uji T alat tangkap gillnet menggunakan mesh size berbeda di Danau Pauh menunjukkan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada jumlah dan berat hasil tangkapan ikan nila dan ikan nilem. Jumlah total hasil tangkapan ikan nila dan nilem pada mesh size 2,5 inci sebanyak 191 ekor sedangkan pada mesh size 3 inci sebanyak 142 ekor. Berat total hasil tangkapan pada mesh size 2,5 inci sebanyak 52.620 gram, sedangkan mesh size 3 inci sebanyak 43.670 gram. Rata-rata panjang ikan nila yang tertangkap pada mesh size 2,5 inci adalah 23,25 cm dan 24,04 cm pada mesh size 3 inci. Sedangkan rata-rata panjang ikan nilem yang tertangkap pada mesh size 2,5 inci adalah 21,86 cm dan 23 cm pada mesh size 3 inci. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah mata jaring 2,5 inci mendapatkan hasil yang lebih  tinggi dibandingkan mata jaring 3 inci baik dari segi jumlah maupun berat hasil tangkapan.
Kata Kunci: jaring insang, mata pancing, hasil tangkapan
PENGARUH UKURAN MATA PANCING TAJUR TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN DI SUNGAI SEBAPO DESA NAGASARI KECAMATAN MESTONG KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Rahmawati Nadia Ayu , Handoko Heru , Raguati Raguati
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran mata pancing terhadap hasil tangkapan di sungai Sebapo Desa Nagasari Kecamatan Mestong Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 02 November - 22 November 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental fishing dengan 6 perlakuan mata pancing yang nomor berbeda (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13) dan 10 kelompok (jumlah hari penelitian). Masing-masing ukuran mata pancing menggunakan 5 unit alat tangkap dengan jarak antar alat tangkap sejauh 2 meter. Umpan yang digunakan adalah umpan cacing tanah dengan berat 0,8 gram. Peralatan yang digunakan adalah batang bambu, mata pancing, pH meter, termometer, tali senar, plastik, baskom, ember, timbangan, penggaris, alat tulis dan kamera (Handphone). Data yang di peroleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ukuran mata pancing berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan gabus (Channa striata) dan ikan betok (Annabas testudineus). Ukuran mata pancing juga berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot dan panjang hasil tangkapan ikan gabus (Channa striata) dan ikan betok (Annabas testudineus). Pengukuran parameter lingkungan menunjukkan suhu berkisar 28,2-30,2oC dengan pH berkisar 6,3-7,9. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan mata pancing yang berbeda pada penangkapan menggunakan pancing tajur di peroleh dua jenis hasil tangkapan yaitu ikan gabus (Channa striata) dan betok (Annabas testudineus). Hasil tangkapan yang terbanyak adalah ikan gabus. Ukuran mata pancing yang digunakan mempengaruhi hasil tangkapan.
Kata Kunci: mata pancing, hasil tangkapan, pancing tajur
Changes in Fish Fauna and Community Analysis in Upo Wetland Protection Area, South Korea
Authors: Kim Su Hwan , Yun Young-Jin , Bae Dae-Yeol , Han Sangwook , Chu Yeounsu
Published: December 2024

Upo Wetland is a representative wetland protection area in Korea, recognized for its high conservation value as a habitat for various organisms. However, the presence of livestock farms and farmland around Upo Wetland has led to the inflow of various pollutants, resulting in mass fish deaths. To protect and manage the freshwater fish residing in Upo Wetland, we analyzed the changes in fish fauna and community structure using survey data collected from 2003 to 2024. The survey confirmed the presence of 13,149 individuals belonging to 12 families and 30 species of fish, with Pseudorasbora parva being the dominant species, followed by Carassius auratus. Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus, invasive alien species, were prevalent in 2003 and 2009 but showed a rapid deline after 2021, while Erythroculter erythropterus increased significantly. Another alien species, Oreochromis niloticus, appeared intermittently, and the Rhodeus uyekii and Aphyocypris chinensis have not been observed since 2006, leading to the presumption that they have disappeared from Upo Wetland. Rhinogobius brunneus, Rhinogobius giurinus, and Tridentiger brevispinis have only been recorded since 2021, suggesting they were introduced after the 2020s.
Large-Scale Plasma Proteomics Improve Prediction of Peripheral Artery Disease in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Hancheng , Zhang Jijuan , Qian Frank , Yao Pang , Xu Kun , Wu Ping , Li Rui , Qiu Zixin , Zhu Kai , Li Lin , Geng Tingting , Yu Xuefeng , Li Danpei , Liao Yunfei , Pan An , Liu Gang
Published: December 2024

Objective Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the association between plasma proteomics and PAD in people with T2D remains unclear. We aimed to explore the relationship between plasma proteomics and PAD in individuals with T2D, and assess whether proteomics could refine PAD risk prediction. Research Design and Methods This cohort study included 1859 individuals with T2D from the UK Biobank. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to explore associations between 2920 plasma proteins and incident PAD. Proteins were further selected as predictors using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalty. Predictive performance was assessed using Harrell's C-index, time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), continuous/categorical net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results Over a median follow-up of 13.2 years, 157 incident PAD cases occurred. We observed 463 proteins associated with PAD risk, primarily involved in pathways related to signal transduction, inflammatory response, plasma membrane, protein binding, and cytokinecytokine receptor interactions. Ranking by P-values, the top five proteins associated with increased PAD risk included EDA2R, ADM, NPPB, CD302, and NPC2, while BCAN, UMOD, PLB1, CA6, and KLK3 were the top five proteins inversely associated with PAD risk. Incorporating 45 LASSO-selected proteins or a weighted protein risk score significantly enhanced PAD prediction beyond clinical variables alone, reaching a maximum C-index of 0.835. Conclusions This study identified plasma proteins associated with PAD risk in individuals with T2D. Adding proteomic data into the clinical model significantly improved PAD prediction.
Thermodynamic parameters of a solution of 2-methyl-5-phenyl-1-(-4-methylphenyl)-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid in alcohols.
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kostiuk R. , Horak Yu. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Sobechko I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

Based on the temperature dependence of the solubility of 2-methyl-5-phenyl-1-(-4-methylphenyl)- pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid in 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol, the enthalpy and entropy of their dissolution were calculated. Taking into account the enthalpy and entropy of melting recalculated to 298.15 K, the enthalpies and entropies of mixing were calculated.
Sonochemical synthesis of spine-type СuMn2O4 nanomaterial
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sukhatskyi Yu. V. , Tsymbaliuk V. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

Spinel-type CuMn2O4 nanomaterial particles were synthesized by co-precipitation in an ultrasonic cavitation field. Based on the results of X-ray diffraction, the theoretical density (5 548 kg/m3) of CuMn2O4 spinel with a cubic structure and the average crystallite size, which was ~21 nm, were calculated. The elemental composition and functional groups of chemical bonds of the synthesized material were identified, respectively, by the methods of energy dispersive X-ray analysis and IR spectroscopy with Fourier transform. Using the method of scanning electron microscopy, it was established that CuMn2O4 spinel particles have a quasi-spherical shape and are prone to slight agglomeration.
Sulfonation of unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides for the production of surface-active substances
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chobit M. R. , Panchenko Yu. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vasylyev V. P. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Borys I. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Gevkalyuk V. O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Miroshnychenko A. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

The paper describes the preparation of surface-active substances by sulfonation of unsaturated groups that are present in the composition of molecules of fatty unsaturated acids of triglycerides. Sunflower oil, chosen for its renewable and vegetable-based origin, served as the primary raw material. The method for producing sulfonated derivatives of fatty acid triglycerides is detailed, and the structures of the resulting products were verified using IR spectroscopy. We have demonstrated the effective surfactant properties of the compounds obtained by dispersing hydrophobic substances in an aqueous environment.
Lipolytic enzymes: biological features and applications in the food industry
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Havryliak V. V. , Hubrii Z. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sydoriak T. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mostiuk O. B. ,   Hochreiter Lebensmittelbetriebe GmbH, Austria
Published: December 2024

The article summarizes the available information on lipolytic enzymes of microbial origin. It discusses the peculiarities of their biosynthesis, substrate specificity, activators, and inhibitors. The focus is on lipases and lipoxygenases of fungal origin, which have advantages over bacterial enzymes due to their low extraction costs, and thermal and pH stability. The article also analyzes the application of lipolytic enzymes in food technologies. It demonstrates the practicality of combining lipases and lipoxygenases into complex preparations to ensure a synergistic effect on the quality of target products.
Influence of friction characteristics of a bulk material on its outflow from a conical hole
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Maherus N. I. , Sholovii Yu. P. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tymoshenko N. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuchma M. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

Taking into account the adhesive interaction of the product with the walls of the hopper, a mathematical model of the fine-grained bulk material stress state in a conical hopper hole under vibration is proposed. A discrete environment model was used for analysis. This model was based on considering the equilibrium of an elementary volume with an infinitesimal thickness. An analytical dependency was established, allowing an estimate of the influence of frictional factors on the fine-grained bulk material stress state, thereby enabling its modification by adjusting certain parameters, such as the dosing process and the discharge hopper geometry.
The behaviours of convergents in theta-expansions: computational insights based on theta-expansions algorithm using the Maple software
Authors:   Centre for Foundation Studies in Science of Universiti Putra Malaysia, University Putra Malaysia, Muhammad K. N. , Kamarulhaili H. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Asbullah M. A. ,   Centre for Foundation Studies in Science of Universiti Putra Malaysia, University Putra Malaysia, Sapar S. H. ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia
Published: December 2024

Continued fractions arise naturally in long division and the theory of the approximation to real numbers by rational numbers. This research considered the implementation on the convergent of θ-expansions of real numbers of x∈(0,θ) with 0<θ<1. The convergent of θ-expansions are also called as θ-convergent of continued fraction expansions. This study aimed to establish the properties for a family of θ-convergent in θ-expansions. The idea of discovering the behaviours of θ-convergent evolved from the concept of regular continued fraction (RCF) expansion and sequences involved in θ-expansions. The θ-expansions algorithm was used to compute the values of θ-convergent with the help of Maple software. Consequently, it proved to be an efficient method for fast computer implementation. The growth rate of θ-convergent was investigated to highlight the performance of θ-convergent. The analysis on θ-convergent revealed the convergent that gives a better approximation yielding to fewer convergence errors. This whole paper thoroughly derived the behaviours of θ-convergent, which measure how well a number x is approximated by its convergents for almost all irrational numbers.
Analytical images of the coordinates time dependence of Keplerian motion
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Vavrukh M. , Dzikovskyi D. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Stelmakh O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2024

In order to calculate the time dependence of polar coordinates of relative motion in the problem of two bodies in the analytical form it was proposed variants of iterative algorithms with fast convergence, which are based on the usage of approximating functions. It was shown that an independent determining the time dependence of radial coordinate in the elliptical motion, as well as at large distance from the pericenter in the case of the hyperbolic motion yields good convergence using the method of ordinary successive iterations.
Verification algorithm for Lopatynsky condition
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ilkiv V. S. , Kalenyuk P. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

Authors studied the Lopatynsky condition to single out among properly elliptic differential equations in the Douglis–Nirenberg sense those ones with given boundary conditions that generate an elliptic problem. This condition can be written in various ways, in particular, in algebraic form also. A new algebraic formulation of this condition is found and an algorithm for its verification is presented. Examples of its verification are given as well.
Transaction Cost Analysis of ASEAN Food Security Cooperation on Rice Commodity
Authors: Pinasthika Reni Erlita
Published: December 2024

Food Security Cooperation was implemented by ASEAN through the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), focusing on regional market integration. The food security index of its members has not been strengthened beyond the global index through this cooperation. "Special consideration," particularly concerning rice, has consistently hindered food security cooperation. Rice, being a major component of regional food cooperation and security, necessitates this explanative analysis using Transaction Cost Theory to examine the weaknesses of ASEAN Food Security Cooperation within the regional market context. Through the AEC, a nested pattern and cluster of food security issues were established by ASEAN as a key for market-based analysis. However, the failure to establish side-payments resulted in difficulties in reducing the transaction costs associated with sensitive commodities such as rice. A new perspective on sensitive commodities in the context of regional market food security cooperation is provided by this analysis. It is concluded that the weakness of food security cooperation within the regional rice market context is due to ASEAN’s inability to create side-payments and manage transaction costs that could support regional negotiations regarding rice.
¿Paisaje roto?
Authors: Barrios Diego Eduardo
Published: December 2024

El turismo puede ser entendido como una práctica social consumidora y transformadora de territorios. En Ushuaia, las condiciones geográficas y climáticas le imprimen un carácter particular, cuyo paisaje es valorado en términos turísticos. No obstante, estos mismos rasgos distintivos condicionaron su crecimiento y desarrollo a lo largo de los años, dado que las políticas nacionales implementadas para ello no fueron acompañadas por una planificación acorde. La falta de suelos urbanizables y las dificultades de acceso a la tierra para viviendas derivaron en usurpaciones, muchas de ellas en laderas de montaña, elemento constitutivo del paisaje. Partiendo del supuesto de que el desarrollo turístico se ve afectado por un deterioro del paisaje y de sus atributos, este trabajo propone indagar sobre la perspectiva que los actores locales vinculados al sector turístico tienen acerca de las transformaciones territoriales producidas en el cerro Le Martial durante el período 2003-2015 y sus consecuencias en el desarrollo turístico de Ushuaia. Para ello se realizó una triangulación de datos obtenidos de entrevistas semiestructuradas, de trabajos científicos y técnicos que abordan la problemática y de un relevamiento fotográfico propio. Los principales resultados indican que los actores locales consideran que la actividad turística en el destino sigue en crecimiento.
Influence of alfalfa residue and different-source biochars on the chemical properties of a saline-sodic soil
Authors: Noori Zahra , Delavar Mohammad-Amir , Safari Yaser
Published: December 2024

A pot experiment was done aimed to improve the chemical properties of a saline-sodic soil using individual application of alfalfa residue and two biochars, produced from sugarcane bagasse and walnut shell and their concomitant application with gypsum, aluminum sulfate and mixture of these two chemical amendments. Organic and chemical amendments were added to the soil at the weighting ratio of 2.5% and as the soil gypsum requirement, respectively. After two months of incubation, soil samples were measured for soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the results were analyzed by SPSS software applying ANOVA. The results showed that organic amendments caused a reduction in soil pH and enhanced soil EC and SAR; whereas addition of gypsum and/or aluminum sulfate with biochars intensified their regulatory effects. It can be concluded that application of walnut-shell biochar with mixture of gypsum and aluminum sulfate to the saline-sodic soils has the best efficiency to reclaim the chemical soil properties. Soil leaching, as a supplementary procedure, however, is necessary to complete the improving effects of organic and/or chemical application to the soil.
Temporal variation of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stock and concentration along land use, species and elevation gradient of chilimo dry afromonate forest and adjacent land uses, Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Mehari A. , Oviedo Andres Bravo , Bravo Felipe
Published: December 2024

Forests play a vital role in the natural global carbon cycle by capturing carbon from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and converting it into forest biomass. Forests sequester and stores more carbon than any terrestrial ecosystem and act as sources as well as sinks of CO2. However, the increasing rate of deforestation and the impact of changes in land use require a critical and updated look at what is happening in the tropics. This work emphasized the temporal variation of bulk density, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stock and concentration in four land-use categories: natural forest, tree plantations, crop-land and degraded soil along elevation gradient and soil depth. The study was conducted in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia, where deforestation and human pressure on native forests are exacerbated and erosion has caused extensive soil loss. We hypothesized that, there is temporal variation of C and N concentrations and stocks in native forest along elevation gradient, land use type, species and soil depth. Carbon and N concentrations and stock and bulk densities in mineral soil were analysed as repeated measures in an irregular vertical space ranging from 0–10 cm, 10–30 cm, 30–50 cm and 50–100 cm, using a linear mixed model approach in two-time scale period 2012–2017. Double observations in 2012 and 2017, were made from the forest floor were analysed by a general linear mixed model. There is significant variation in organic carbon and nitrogen stock along elevation gradient for forest floor. Results also indicated that soil depth is more important factor than elevation gradient in native forests, though C and N concentrations and stocks diminished near human settlements. Native forest stored on average more nitrogen than bare soil, cropland and plantations, respectively. Conversion of crop and degraded land into plantations ameliorated soil degradation conditions, but species selection did not affect carbon and nitrogen stocks. Thus, appropriate forest management options should be applied in order to increase productivity and carbon sink of Chilimo dryafromontane forest and adjacent land use. Temporal monitoring and reporting of carbon stock and concentration is also important to understand the role of Chilimo dryafromonate forest in climate change mitigation and adaptation agendas.
Ni animales, ni máquinas: conocimiento humano y responsabilidad epistémica
Authors: Caamaño Alegre Maria
Published: December 2024

El debate del siglo XIX acerca del solapamiento o no entre el reino animal y el de las máquinas se ha transformado, en el siglo XXI, en una controversia sobre el solapamiento o no entre la inteligencia humana y la inteligencia artificial. Si diferenciamos los tres dominios (el animal, el humano, el de las máquinas), y dejando al margen la cuestión de sus posibles solapamientos, podríamos preguntarnos: ¿cómo conocen los humanos? ¿conocen los animales? ¿conocen las máquinas? El interrogante que en la actualidad suscita un mayor interés es este último, que suele adoptar la forma siguiente: ¿pueden conocer las máquinas como lo hacen los humanos?Defenderé que las máquinas no comparten con los humanos ninguna de las cuatro características arriba mencionadas (conciencia, libertad, normatividad, responsabilidad), si bien pueden simularlas. Los animales, por su parte, hasta donde tenemos conocimiento, sólo comparten parcialmente el primero de los aspectos señalados. Me apoyaré principalmente en ideas de William Kingdom Clifford (1876-77) y Ernest Sosa (1991, 2007) para defender este punto de vista.
«Sumus in via»
Authors: Navarro Caro Valentín
Published: December 2024

La pregunta por el ser humano ha sido una constante en la Historia del pensamiento, sin que se pongan de acuerdo las personas especialistas en la materia en qué sea aquello que cualifica a la realidad humana. El artículo presente contribuye al debate abierto en la antropología filosófica desde el pensamiento de Xavier Zubiri. Atendiendo fundamentalmente a la obra de este autor, se presenta lo que, en su opinión, constituye lo específico del ser humano, que es ser una realidad abierta y proyectiva. Desde aquí, se sacan importantes consecuencias para el tiempo presente.
Educar en la era de la inteligencia artificial: reflexiones y desafíos para los docentes
Authors: Garcia Perez Ana Cristina
Published: December 2024

Reflexión sobre el desafío al que nos enfrentamos los docentes si deseamos integrar la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación, sin perder de vista los valores humanos y la esencia de la enseñanza. La importancia de encontrar un equilibrio entre la tradición y la innovación, con el objetivo de apoyarnos en la tecnología como una herramienta para enriquecer la interacción humana en el aula. La clave está en aprovechar el potencial de la IA para reforzar la experiencia educativa, sin perder de vista el valor insustituible del vínculo humano en el proceso de aprendizaje.
Underwater Laguerre-Gaussian beam propagation and phase compensation method
Authors: Shi Haotian , Wang Xiaoyue , Zuo Yani , Qiao Hao , Luo Limeng
Published: December 2024

Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams experience phase twist after long-distance transmission, making the orbital angular momentum (OAM) indistinguishable. This phenomenon becomes more severe in water due to the higher refractive index. Based on the physical principles of LG beams, this paper derives the mathematical expression for LG beam transmission in water to address this issue. It organizes and analyses the physical significance of each term. The exponential term responsible for phase twist is separated and phase compensation is applied to the initial LG beam. Simulation results show that after transmission through water, traditional LG beams exhibit a clockwise twisted distribution of isophase lines. By applying the phase compensation method proposed in this paper, the phase of the initial LG beam is modulated and when the LG beam reaches the observation plane, the isophase lines become straight, verifying the effectiveness of the method. This compensation method holds significant value for LG beams in advanced physics research.
A Time Series Analysis Study of the Evolution of the Style of Watercolor Paintings
Authors: Zheng Laixi
Published: December 2024

In today’s fast-changing era, watercolor painting, as an art form with a long history, still maintains its unique charm and vigorous vitality. In this paper, the dynamic theme model is used to obtain the theme evolution of watercolor painting work style and combined with the TF-IDF algorithm to mine the time series of the style evolution of watercolor painting works and the fluctuation of the vitality of the style of watercolor painting is calculated by evaluating the novelty and inheritance degree of the new word theme of the data. Then, the theme data of watercolor painting works obtained by DTM is input into DSSM and DNN for the output of low-dimensional semantic vectors to solve the similarity of the style themes of watercolor paintings. The enhancement of the style vitality of watercolor paintings between 1986 and 2022 can be up to 3.75 times, and the value of style vitality of watercolor paintings between 2013 and 2022 ranges from 0.31 to 0.49, and the value of coherence is in 0.51 floating around, showing dynamic balance. The lowest thematic similarity of watercolor painting styles between adjacent years after 2016 is only 0.04. There are obvious differences in the styles of watercolor painting works from the pre-1980s and post-21st century. Using the DTM model, TF-IDF algorithm combined with a deep network model, the time series of watercolor paintings can be deeply mined, which helps to clarify the change of watercolor painting style in different periods.
Improved Target Detection in UAV Photographic Images Using YOLOv7-Tiny
Authors: Xiong Zhengqiang , Han Chang
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effective monitoring and countermeasures of low-altitude UAVs through multi-sensor coordination so as to escort the sustainable development of a “low-altitude economy”. The core work of this paper centers on multi-source imaging sensing, precise positioning, identification, and behavioral feature extraction of low-altitude UAV targets. Different types of sensors, including visual sensors, radar sensors, sound sensors, etc., are integrated to build a multi-source sensing system, which realizes all-round and multi-angle monitoring of low-altitude UAVs. The improved YOLOv7-Tiny model achieves accurate detection of UAV targets based on this basis. In order to further improve the intelligence level of monitoring and countermeasures, the actuator-evaluator framework of reinforcement learning algorithms is introduced to construct a reinforcement learning framework of “multi-source perception-intelligent cognition-assisted decision-making”. The maximum detection accuracy of the YOLOv7-Tiny-NET model is 0.837, and the model size of the YOLOv7-Tiny-NET model is reduced by 3.52MB and 37.8 f/s increases the detection speed compared with SAG-YOLOv5s. The maximum success rate of the autonomous decision-making algorithm of UAV can be up to 78%~88% when making autonomous decisions on dynamic target tasks. Through the accurate monitoring and intelligent countermeasures of low-altitude drones, it can effectively prevent unmanned aircraft from flying illegally, protect personal privacy, and maintain public safety, thus promoting the sustainable development of a “low-altitude economy” on a healthy and orderly track.
Innovative application of computer-aided design technology in digital media art creation
Authors: Li Yiyuan , Gao Peng
Published: December 2024

The traditional design method in digital media art creation has the disadvantages of low image clarity and high cost of creation, so this paper proposes a method based on the application of computer-aided design technology in the field of digital media. Virtual reality technology is used to create a two-dimensional scene, and upon completion of the two-dimensional scene construction, a three-dimensional virtual scene model for digital media art creation is created. And then, based on SVM, computer technology will be constructed above the digital media art three-dimensional scene into the screen, and with the help of some virtual peripherals, to achieve the digital media art visualisation interaction and display so as to complete the innovation of art creation methods. It is proved by experiments that in the application of a computer-aided design method to create digital media art, the running time and scene switching time are shorter than the time consumed by the traditional design method, and the correct rate of the target detection task is as high as 100 per cent. In addition to this, the image obtained through the algorithm is of high clarity and the creation cost is low. It shows that the innovative algorithm proposed in this paper, which combines virtual reality technology and support vector machines, has good application prospects in the field of digital media art design.
Knowledge attitude and practices regarding difficult airway management among adults in the emergency departments of Pakistan
Authors: Iftikhar Hadia , Afzal Sarah , Habibullah Naheed
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the difficult airway management related knowledge, attitudes and practices amongst physicians and nurses working in the emergency departments of Pakistan.
Method: A web-based questionnaire was distributed nationwide amongst physicians and nurses working in emergency departments nationwide.
Results: There were 81 respondents for this in-term analysis. Most (70.4%) have practised emergency medicine for less than five years. 85.2% said their hospital had an EM training program. The majority (75.3%) preferred the RSI approach to managing airways in the emergency room. The average number of endotracheal intubations handled in a month and the average number of unexpectedly difficult intubations encountered in 100 cases were respectively 16.06±15.27 and 12.66±16.36. The exact steps of the ASA difficult airway algorithm were known to 60.5% of the responders. In terms of managing difficult airways, 39.5% of respondents felt competent.
Conclusion: There is a lack of institutional and nationwide guidelines regarding airway practices due to lack of formal training programs. The study identified the gaps in theoretical knowledge amongst physicians, highlighting the need for regular and formal training as currently most physicians are guided by clinical experience.
Impact of Asthma Management Protocol in reducing Length of Stay in Low Income Countries
Authors: Rahman Razi
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Asthma is recognized as one of the most common pediatric diseases. Different methods are adopted to reduce to Length of Stay of Asthmatics patients in Emergency Department. A unit-based protocol is adopted in a public sector hospital of Urban Sindh. Patients presenting in Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) were nebulized with Ventolin three times during first hour of their visit followed by Intravenous Hydrocortisone and other modalities and compliance to the protocol was assessed.
Objective:
To evaluate the impact of Asthma Management Protocol on Length of Stay in Public Sector Hospital
Method
This is the retrospective cross-sectional study over a period of Six months (from January 22 – June 22). All pediatric patients presenting with Diagnosis of Acute asthma were assessed according to Asthma Protocol and Their Length of Stay and outcome was assessed.
Results:
During the period of six months 594 pediatric patients came with the diagnosis of Asthma in public sector hospitals of Sindh. There is a variability in the number of patients per month maximum numbers were observed during April and May 129 and 121 respectively. Compliance for Asthma protocol was observed in 90 % of patients. Progressive improvement was observed with maximum compliance 97 % observed in June. The average length of stay of patients was 26.56 hours. Length of stay showed a decreasing pattern with maximum average Length of stay 33.34 hours in January when compliance was 78 % , Length of stay decreased to 23.21 hours in June when compliance was 97 %. Less than 1 % of patients were referred to due to worsening condition to other tertiary care hospitals.
Conclusion:
Strict adherence to unit-based protocol can help in reducing the length of stay and referral outcomes.
Key Words:
Asthma, Length of Stay
PROPOSING A GOVERNANCE-RELATED COMPONENT AND INDICATORS EVALUTION MATRIX TO ASSESSING THE SOCIAL INCLUSIVENESS DIMENSION OF THE NEW EUROPEAN BAUSHAUS PROEJCTS
Authors: MEDEIROS Eduardo , POTLUKA Oto
Published: December 2024

Governance is the political facet of ‘inclusiveness’, one of the three main pillars of the New European Bauhaus (NEB) projects, alongside ‘aesthetics’ and ‘sustainability’. Governance is embodied by rules and norms and implemented through hard tools (laws, planning designs and strategies, funding schemes, etc.) and soft tools (ways of decision-making, targeting, capacity building, etc.) to implement sustainable goals effectively and democratically. In essence, the article presents a methodological proposal for assessing hard and soft governance elements of projects and policies, including elements such as spatial planning legislation, participatory approaches, multi-level governance, and administrative capacity frameworks. As a case study, the analysis is focused on the assessment of governance-related components and respective indicators of the NEB inclusiveness dimension. The proposed methodological approach resulted from more than a year of systematic research and consultation with existing literature and external experts on hard and soft governance. Expectedly, it can be applied to assess the influence and impact of governance-related processes in all sorts of projects and policies, as increasingly policymakers seek to assess their degree of positive impacts, effectiveness, and efficiency. The proposed methodological approach can be of use to a myriad of interested stakeholders and be associated with multi-disciplinary policy evaluation tools.