bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Romantik İlişki Geliştirme Programı’nın (RİGP) Romantik İlişki Doyumu ve Romantik İnanç Düzeyine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DEVECİ ŞİRİN Hatice , BAYRAKCI Eda
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı sistemik yaklaşıma dayalı olarak geliştirilmiş bir evlilik öncesi ilişki geliştirme programı olan Romantik İlişki Geliştirme Programı-RİGP’in romantik ilişki yaşayan genç yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireylerin ilişki doyumu ve romantik inanç düzeyine etkisini incelemektir. Bu çalışma nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı karma desende yürütülmüştür. Bağımsız değişkenin bağımlı değişkenleri etkileme düzeyini belirlemek için deneysel desenlerden öntest sontest kontrol gruplu seçkisiz desen, katılımcıların RİGP sürecine ilişkin farkındalıklarıyla ilgili görüşlerini belirlemek için fenomenolojik yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 4 deney, 4 kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 8 çift oluşturmaktadır. Deney grubuna 120 dakikalık 11 oturumdan oluşan RİGP uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna işlem yapılmamıştır. Çalışma grubunun ilişki doyumu düzeyini belirlemek için Romantik İlişkilerde Doyumu Ölçeği, romantik inanç düzeylerini belirlemek için Romantik İnançlar Ölçeği ve RİGP süreciyle ilgili görüşlerini belirlemek için RİGP görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada nicel bulguların analizinde deney ve kontrol gruplarının ön test, son test ve izleme testi Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen nicel bulgulara göre RİGP, romantik ilişki yaşayan çiftlerin ilişki doyumu düzeylerini arttırmakta (zd.doyum= -2.53, p<.05) ve bu etki iki ay sürmektedir (zd.doyum= -.95, p>.05)..Öte yandan RİGP’in çiftlerin romantik inanç düzeyleri üzerinde etkisi yoktur (zd.inanç= -1.40, zk.inanc=-.70, p>.05). Araştırmada nitel bulgular tematik kodlama yoluyla yapılan içerik analiziyle % ve f hesaplanarak analiz edilmiştir. Nitel bulgulara göre, katılımcıların yarıdan fazlası kök aile ve problem algısıyla ilgili farkındalık kazandıkları, en etkilendikleri uygulamanın genogram çalışmaları olduğu konusunda görüş bildirmiştir. Katılımcıların tamamı RİGP’i faydalı bulmuştur.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmaline Yönelik Algıları
Authors: ERDOĞAN Yeliz , ASLAN Durmuş
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırma, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmalini nasıl algıladıklarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, Gaziantep il merkezinde görev yapan 36 okul öncesi öğretmeninden oluşan çalışma grubuyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, derinlemesine bir anlayışa sahip olmak amacıyla olgu bilim deseni tercih edilmiş ve nitel veri toplama araçlarından biri olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşme formu, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmalini nasıl algıladığını belirlemeye yönelik soruları içermektedir. Veriler, öğretmenlerle yapılan bireysel görüşmelerle elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde içerik ve betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmaline yönelik algıları, alan yazında istismar ve ihmal türleri olarak yer alan altı kategori altında incelenmiştir. Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusunda duyarlılık gösterdikleri ve bir takım bilgilere sahip oldukları fakat bu bilgilerin yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, öğretmenlerin, çocukların daha çok ev ortamında, bakımından sorumlu ve yakınındaki kişiler tarafından istismar ve ihmale uğradıklarını düşündükleri belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, katılımcıların istismarı ihmalden daha iyi tanımladıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
MULHERES INDÍGENAS EM NARRATIVAS JESUÍTICAS DA AMAZÔNIA PORTUGUESA (SÉCULO XVII-XVIII)
Authors: Arenz Karl Heinz , Gaia Stefanie Leão
Published: April 2020

Os escritos missionários, redigidos nos séculos XVII e XVIII na Amazônia portuguesa, apontam diversas agências de mulheres indígenas no interior dos aldeamentos. O artigo visa analisar as relações que envolveram as índias e o religiosos enquanto dois agentes-chave na construção do mundo colonial amazônico. Uma leitura nas entrelinhas das fontes jesuíticas, sobretudo dos escritos de João Felipe Bettendorff e João Daniel, possibilita perceber as negociações, ressignificações e embates no âmbito dos aldeamentos que contaram com participação feminina. Focando em aspectos centrais e, ao mesmo tempo, complexos, como sexualidade, matrimônio, trabalho, transmissão de saberes e poder, evidenciam-se o protagonismo e a identidade das mulheres indígenas dentro do sistema de aldeação.
ANÁLISE GEOAMBIENTAL DE SÍTIOS ARQUEOLÓGICOS NO ESTUÁRIO DO RIO PARÁ, AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Lopes Paulo Roberto do Canto , Senna Cristina Do Socorro Fernandes de , Nascimento Ivete Maria Herculano do , Ruivo Maria De Lourdes Pinheiro , Luiz José Gouvea
Published: April 2020

A pesquisa foi realizada no estuário do Rio Pará, nos sítios arqueológicos Bittencourt, Alunorte, Jambuaçu, localizados, respectivamente, nos municípios paraenses de Abaetetuba, Barcarena e Moju. Baseou-se em análises de fontes escritas, iconográficas, orais, além de pesquisas geofísicas e pedológicas, subsidiando os mapeamentos e as escavações arqueológicas, relacionando aspectos ambientais à ocupação humana no período pré-colombiano, onde as práticas de uso de recursos vegetais, animais e do solo para subsistência eram correntes. Os sítios arqueológicos pesquisados apresentaram características espaciais, temporais e culturais associadas a cerâmica Tupiguarani, relacionado a agricultura de subsistência e possível manejo de espécies vegetais.
LA HISTORIA MISIONAL DEL NORTE DE LA NUEVA ESPAÑA
Authors: Vallet Chantal Cramaussel
Published: April 2020

A história das missões no norte novo hispânico foi influenciada pela historiografia estadunidense que lhe atribuiu um carácter institucional e tendeu a segregá-la do processo geral de colonização. No entanto, as missões eram fonte de mão de obra e de forças militares auxiliares para os assentamentos coloniais. Além disso, a etnografia contemporânea revela que a evangelização foi incipiente.
Fungicides, biocontrollers and resistance inducers in commercial bell pepper hybrids inoculated with Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Godínez-Paoli Rafael , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , García-Mateos María Del Rosario , Magdaleno-Villar Jesús , Cruz-Álvarez Oscar , Martínez-Damián María Teresa
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el nivel de resistencia de diferentes híbridos comerciales de pimiento morrón (Caoba rojo, Dicaprio amarillo, Pimiento Olvera, Sympathy, California wonder y PS16364212), a P. capsici mediante el uso de fungicidas, biocontroladores e inductores de resistencia. El ensayo se realizó bajo condiciones de invernadero en bolsas de polietileno negro con arena de tezontle como sustrato. Los productos se aplicaron de acuerdo con la dosis recomendada por el fabricante, aplicándose a los 10 y 20 días después del trasplante. Posteriormente, las plantas se inocularon con una solución de zoosporas móviles a una concentración de 1x10-6. Se realizaron tres evaluaciones visuales para el registro de incidencia, severidad y ABCPE. Se encontró que PS16364212 presentó mejor resistencia al ataque de P. capsici con 14.9% de incidencia y 15.7% dia-1 (ABCPE) respecto a California wonder (44.2% de incidencia). La aplicación de Metalaxil-M y Acibenzolar-S-metil mostraron la menor ABCPE (0.8 y 6.8% dia-1, respectivamente), por lo que ambos productos pueden ser considerados como una alternativa para su empleo dentro del manejo integrado de la marchitez del chile.
Routing of terrestrial organic matter from the Congo River to the ultimate sink in the abyss: a mass balance approach (André Dumont medallist lecture 2017)
Authors: BAUDIN FRANÇOIS , RABOUILLE CHRISTOPHE , DENNIELOU BERNARD
Published: April 2020

We address the role of the Congo River sediment dispersal in exporting and trapping organic carbon into deep offshore sediments. Of particular interest is the Congo submarine canyon, which constitutes a permanent link between the terrestrial sediment sources and the marine sink. The Congo River delivers an annual sediment load of ~40 Tg (including 2 Tg of C) that feed a mud-rich turbidite system. Previous estimates of carbon storage capacity in the Congo turbidite system suggest that the terminal lobe complex accounts for ~12% of the surface area of the active turbidite system and accumulates ~18% of the annual input of terrestrial particulate organic carbon exiting the Congo River. In this paper, we extend the approach to the whole active turbidite depositional system by calculating an average burial of terrestrial organic matter in the different environments: canyon, channel, and levees. We estimate that between 33 and 69% of terrestrial carbon exported by the Congo River is ultimately trapped in the different parts of turbidite system and we evaluate their relative efficiency using a source to sink approach. Our carbon budget approach, which consider annual river discharge versus offshore centennial accumulation rates, indicates that about half of the total particulate organic matter delivered yearly by the Congo River watershed escapes the study area or is not correctly estimated by our deep offshore dataset and calculations.
Panorama mondial et européen de la production et de la consommation d’œufs
Authors: MAGDELAINE P. , BRAINE A.
Published: April 2020

La production européenne d’œufs a atteint 6,4 MT en 2008, soit un peu plus de 10% de la production mondiale. Si production et consommation mondiales demeurent en croissance sur la dernière décennie, la production européenne se stabilise et connaît une forte diversification des systèmes d’élevage, en relation avec une évolution de la demande des consommateurs mais aussi en conséquence de la mise en œuvre de la directive bien-être. La situation au sein de l’UE demeure contrastée selon les Etats membres. La consommation européenne est de 240 œufs par personne et par an en moyenne, avec une part croissante des ovoproduits. Différents facteurs d’évolution détermineront les scénari possibles pour l’avenir, parmi lesquels le contexte réglementaire communautaire (bien-être animal, protection de l’environnement, exigences sanitaires), la forte volatilité des prix des matières premières entrant dans l’alimentation animale, l’évolution des comportements d’achat des consommateurs et des modes de consommation, et enfin l’issue des négociations à l’OMC qui pourraient déboucher sur une ouverture accrue du marché communautaire, et supprimer les protections douanières existantes.
Structure, propriétés et minéralisation de la coquille de l’œuf : rôle de la matrice organique dans le contrôle de sa fabrication
Authors: NYS Y. , HINCKE M.T. , HERNANDEZ-HERNANDEZ A. , RODRIGUEZ-NAVARRO A.B. , GOMEZ-MORALES J. , JONCHERE V. , GARCIA-RUIZ J.M. , GAUTRON J.
Published: April 2020

La coquille de l’œuf est une structure minérale parfaitement définie. Elle est déposée chaque jour en moins de 24 h dans un milieu acellulaire, le fluide utérin, sécrété par la partie distale de l’oviducte. La poule exporte une quantité considérable de calcium, et adapte à de nombreux niveaux son métabolisme calcique. La coquille résulte d’une croissance cristalline radiale de la calcite initiée sur des amas organiques présents en surface des membranes coquillières. Cette croissance se poursuit pour former une couche compacte dont les cristaux présentent progressivement une direction privilégiée du fait d’une compétition spatiale entre sites adjacents. Les propriétés mécaniques exceptionnelles de la coquille résultent de la quantité et de l’organisation cristallographique de ce biomatériau, elles-mêmes contrôlées par la matrice organique. Celle-ci est composée de nombreuses protéines spécifiques, uniquement synthétisées par l’utérus de la poule. La spécificité du profil électrophorétique du fluide utérin à un stade de formation de la coquille, le contrôle du polymorphe (calcite) et de la morphologie des cristaux in vitro par les protéines de ce milieu plaident en faveur de ce contrôle de la fabrication de la coquille par sa matrice protéique. Cette hypothèse est renforcée par les observations in vivo d’une association entre texture ou solidité de la coquille avec les teneurs en protéines de la matrice organiques ou avec la présence de polymorphisme simple nucléotidique de gènes codant ces protéines.
Facteurs physiologiques et environnementaux influençant la production et la qualité de l’œuf
Authors: TRAVEL A. , NYS Y. , LOPES E.
Published: April 2020

La qualité de l’œuf se révèle fortement influencée par les modifications physiologiques liées à l’âge de la poule, à une mue ou par les conditions environnementales (température, lumière et système d’élevage). Le poids de l’œuf augmente avec l’âge des poules, du fait notamment d’un accroissement de la part de jaune. L’âge de la poule réduit la qualité de la coquille ainsi que les propriétés fonctionnelles des œufs. La mue restaure, pour un cycle plus court, les performances des poules et la qualité des œufs, dégradée en fin de premier cycle. L’augmentation de la température ambiante en élevage entraîne, dès 30°C, des perturbations de l’équilibre acido-basique et une chute de la consommation d’aliment. Celles-ci réduisent la production d’œufs, leur poids et leur qualité de coquille. Les programmes lumineux mis en place avant et après l’entrée en ponte, conditionnent la courbe de ponte. L’application de nycthémères supérieurs à 24 h ou de programmes fractionnés symétriques augmente le poids d’œuf et l’épaisseur de coquille mais les directives européennes interdisent leur usage. La qualité sensorielle, nutritionnelle ou technologique de l’œuf est faiblement affectée et de manière inconstante par le système de production, volière ou cage. Certaines cages aménagées ont initialement engendré une détérioration de l’intégrité des œufs mais des modifications de leur conception, de la disposition des aménagements et de la taille du groupe aboutissent progressivement à l’obtention de résultats comparables à ceux obtenus en cages conventionnelles.
Monitoring of Time and Cost Variances of Schedule Using Simple Earned Value Method Indicators
Authors: Przywara Daniel , Rak Adam
Published: April 2020

The Planning and implementation of construction projects are difficult processes and are burdened with many risk elements. The budget spread over time, which is developed on the basis of the schedule, presents the expected distribution of costs throughout the duration of the works, which during the implementation of the project is subject to constant changes resulting from time, cost and organizational factors. Managing construction contracts requires managers to be able to analyze on an ongoing basis the variances of production costs - from the values calculated in the offer cost estimate and assumed in the Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled. The article attempts to analyze the emerging time and cost deviations using proprietary T/S and T/C monitoring, based on simple indicators of the EVM method. An example of construction of a multi-family housing development was used to study the variances of planned and incurred costs.
Gazâlî’nin Bâtınîlere Karşı Yazdığı Eserler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Ramazan
Published: April 2020

Orta Çağ İslam dünyasının içine düştüğü siyasi ve fikrî kriz, öncelikle devlet ve toplumların siyaseten bölünüp parçalanmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Ardından fikrî ihtilafların çoğalması toplumu ciddi sapmaların eşiğine getirmiştir. Böyle bir kaos ortamında Gazali, Müslümanları ihya etme gayesiyle müceddidlik misyonu üstlenmiş, ilmî ve amelî yönlerin tekrar inşa edilmesi gerektiğini ifade etmiştir. Gazali, ihya projesine başlamadan önce, İslam dünyasındaki gerilemenin sebeplerinin ortadan kaldırılması için bir imha/iptal girişiminde bulunmuştur. Sapmaların temel sebebi olarak felsefe destekli Bâtınî düşünceyi görmüş ve bunu bertaraf etmek istemiştir. Gazali ihya hareketiyle ilk olarak İslamî ilimlere bir metodoloji kazandırmak istemiştir. Böylece İslami ilimlerin ihyası sayesinde ahlaki yozlaşmanın önüne geçilebileceğini öne sürmüştür. Müslümanlara yeniden bir ruh verme çabasıyla Bâtınîleri eleştirmiş ve bu konuda eserler kaleme almıştır. Eserlerinde bu imha gayretinin izleri görülür. Bu çalışma literatür tarama yöntemine dayalı olarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmada Gazali’nin tecdit faaliyetinin imha yönünü oluşturan eserler ele alınmıştır. Bu eserler, Gazali’nin Bâtınî ilâhiyatının tutarsızlığını göz önüne sermek için verdiği zihinsel çabanın ürünleridir. Söz konusu eserler içerikten ziyade genel biçim nitelikleri yönüyle incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kitapların isimleri, nüshaları, baskıları, tercümeleri, vb. teknik bakımdan tasvir edilmiştir.
Influence of Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Et al. Atta
Published: April 2020

baumannii is an aerobic gram negative coccobacilli, it is considered multidrug resistance pathogen (MDR) and causes several infections that are difficult to treat. This study is aims to employ physical methods in sterilization and inactivation of A. baumannii, as an alternative way to reduce the using of drugs and antibiotics.

            Cold Atmospheric Plasma was generated by one electrode at 20KV, 4 power supply and distance between electrode and sample was fixed on 1mm. A. baumannii (ATCC 19704 and HHR1) were exposed to  Dielectric Barrier Discharge type of Cold Atmospheric Plasma (DBD-CAP) for several periods of time (15, 30, 45, and 60 sec.) . After sterilization test, several methods were done to analyze the effect of DBD-CAP on bacterial morphology, proteins and DNA. Change in morphology was assessed by cover slid method. Damaged DNA was investigated by PCR technique, and DNA sequencing. The impact of DBD-CAP on the entity of proteins was detected by SDS-PAGE. The observed inactivation of bacterial colony on agar plates has been quantified by measuring the inactivation diameter.

The important conclusion that HHR1 more resistance to DBD-CAP than ATCC 17904 because it is more virulence than standard strain; thus, the growth of both strains is largely affected by plasma and this influence is increased by increasing the time of exposure, also the plasma affects the DNA especially on standard strain as it is explained in sequencing result, so it causes more deletion in DNA sequence. In addition, plasma also has been showed to damage proteins and morphology thus, the bacterial cells transform from cocco-bacillus to bacillus.
The Potential of some Plant Extracts as Radical Scavengers and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
Authors: Et al. Malik
Published: April 2020

Seeds, beans, leaves, fruit peel and seeds of five plants (Ferula assa-foetida, Coffea robusta, Olea europaea, Punica granatum and Vitis vinifera, respectively) were extracted with four solvents (distilled water, 80% methanol, 80% acetone and a mixed solvent that included methanol, ethanol, acetone and n-butanol at proportions 7:1:1:1). Such manipulation yielded 20 extracts, which were phytochemically analyzed for total polyphenols (TP) and flavonoids (TF). The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (RSA) and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) relative inhibition activity (RIA) were also assessed for each extract. The results revealed that mixed solvent extract of V. vinifera seeds showed the highest content of TP (194.8 ± 2.5 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g dry mass), while methanol extract of V. vinifera seeds recorded the highest content of TF (75.9 ± 0.3 mg catechin equivalent/g dry mass). The C. robusta bean aqueous extract was remarkable in scoring the highest DPPH RSA (87.2 ± 1.2%), while O. europaea leaf methanol extract had the highest DPP-4 RIA (86.4 ± 0.8%). In conclusion, the importance of natural products as radical scavengers and DPP-4 inhibitors is encouraged, and such biological effects were dependent on the plant species and the solvent of extraction. C. robusta beans are suggested to have a prominent RSA, while O. europaea leaves are recommended to be a target for investigations involved in the development of anti-T2DM therapies.
What are the barriers, facilitators and interventions targeting help-seeking behaviours for common mental health problems in adolescents? A systematic review
Authors: Aguirre Antonia , Silva Ignacio , Billings Jo , Jimenez Magdalena , Rowe Sarah
Published: April 2020

Background: Increasing rates of mental health problems among adolescents are of concern. Teens who are most in need of mental health attention are reluctant to seek help. A better understanding of the help-seeking in this population is needed to overcome this gap. Methods: Five databases were searched to identify the principal barriers, facilitators and interventions targeting help-seeking for common mental health problems in adolescents aged 10-19 years. The search was performed in June 2018 and updated in March 2019. Two independent screening processes were made using the eligibility criteria. Quality assessment of each study was performed, and findings summarised using a narrative synthesis. Results: 90 studies meet the inclusion criteria for this review for barrier and facilitators (n=54) and interventions (n=36). Stigma and negative beliefs towards mental health services and professionals were the most cited barriers. Facilitators included previous positive experience with health services and mental health literacy. Most interventions were based on psychoeducation, which focused on general mental health knowledge, suicide and self-harm, stigma and depression. Other types of interventions included the use of multimedia and online tools, peer training and outreach initiatives. Overall, the quality of studies was low to medium and there was no general agreement regarding help-seeking definition and measurements. Conclusion: Most of the interventions took place in an educational setting however, it is important to consider adolescents outside the educational system. Encouraging help-seeking should come with the increased availability of mental health support for all adolescents in need, but this is still a major challenge for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. There is also a need to develop shared definitions, theoretical frameworks and higher methodological standards in research regarding help-seeking behaviours in adolescents. This will allow more consistency and generalisability of findings, improving the development of help-seeking interventions and ensuring timely access to mental health treatments.
Fatigue among health care workers during emergency interventions using biological personal protective equipment: an observational simulation study
Authors: Martín-Rodríguez Francisco , Sanz-García Ancor , López-Izquierdo Raúl , Benito Juan F. Delgado , Martín-Conty José L. , Villamor Miguel A. Castro , Rabbione Guillermo Ortega
Published: April 2020

Background : Biohazard incidents are ordinary situations usually managed by health systems with the mandatory priority of preventing the spread of the pathogen. Health care workers in charge of dealing with these situations must be equipped with personal protective equipment (PPE) for her/his own security. The main objective of this study was developing a risk model to predict whether health care workers will tolerate wearing PPE, III category, 4B / 5B / 6B type, against biological risks during a 30 minutes intervention. Methods : A preliminary, prospective, simulation study, without intervention was conducted at the Advanced Simulation Center at the Medicine Faculty of Valladolid University (Spain) from April 3rd to 28th, 2017. Students and professional's health care were equipped with a PPE and performed a 30 minutes-long biohazard simulation. Anthropometric, physiological, analytical variables, and anxiety levels were measured pre- and post-simulation. A scoring model was constructed by using the estimate regression coefficients of the significant variables obtained from a multivariate model of the logistic regression for the outcome variable. Results : 96 volunteers with median age of 26 years (25th-75th percentile: 22-41 years) of which 56 (58.3%) were women enter into the test. Half of the sample presented metabolic fatigue after 20 minutes of finishing the simulation. The predictive model included female sex, height, both muscle and bone mass and moderate level of physical activity. The validity of the main model using all the variables presented an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95%CI: 0.786-0.935), and the validity of the model presented an AUC of 0.725 (95%CI: 0.559-0.89). Conclusions : Decision-making in biohazard incidents is a challenge for emergency team leaders. An a priori knowledge of physiological tolerance of wearing a PPE of the health care workers could improve their performance. The model presented here could help in the assessment of the worker response under biohazard conditions.
Location Dependent Spectrum Pricing of Private LTE and 5G Networks in Europe
Authors: Kokkinen Topias , Kokkinen Heikki , Yrjola Seppo , Kliks Adrian
Published: April 2020

Emerging private LTE and 5G services and applications have created need for local radio spectrum licensing. The existing pricing models for licenses do not work well in this context. This paper introduces three new location dependent pricing methods that aim to produce more accurate pricing for local licenses. We use Traficom Frequency Fee as our base-case general spectrum pricing model, and we replace the population density based location coefficient with proxies such as employee density, value added per employee, and rent prices. By comparing the differences in the prices yielded by the models, we show that the new models can in some cases identify high demand areas like hospitals and industrial districts better than the original population density based model. Additionally, we conclude that the original population density based model and the new employee density based model could be used together to capture both the consumer and the industrial spectrum demand simultaneously.
Substitutions of animal-based foods consumption and risk of hypertension: a cohort study
Authors: Liang Jie , Zhao Jun-Kang , Wang Ju-Ping , Wang Tong
Published: April 2020

Background

This study assessed the association between the consumption of animal-based foods (ABFs) and hypertension, a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The adverse effects of red and processed meat (RPM) consumption and the beneficial effects of dairy products consumption and other ABFs have been discovered separately; however, the constrained nature of food intake was typically ignored. We aimed to assess the substitution effects between RPM and other ABFs using compositional transformation substitution analysis and further compared this analysis with the traditional substitution analysis method.

Methods

We followed 5394 Chinese adults aged 18-60 years at baseline in the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 2004 to 2011. Food consumption was assessed using a combination of individual-based consecutive 24-h recalls and household-based food weighing approaches. Both traditional substitution analysis and substitution analysis based on compositional transformation were used to assess substitution effects.

Results

One-thousand-two-hundred-and-sixty-seven participants were newly-diagnosed with hypertension in the mean follow-up period of 6.2±0.02 years. The traditional substitution analysis found that substituting eggs for RPM was associated with a lower risk of hypertension ( HR =0.899, 95%CI:0.818, 0.989). Unlike the traditional model, the compositional transformation substitution analysis (1) found that replacing RPM with any other ABFs was associated with a lower risk of hypertension; (2) implemented substitution of one-to-many between RPM and other all ABFs; (3) found the different substitution effects between RPM and dairy products among participants whose proportions of different ABFs were different; (4) based on the constant substitution amount, substituting dairy products for RPM was associated with a greatest benefit in reducing the risk of hypertension.

Conclusions

The compositional transformation substitution analysis takes the constrained and relative nature of food consumption into account. This is a flexible approach to estimate substitution effects under different substitution patterns, to obtain personalized estimation effects based on different consumptions of ABFs at the individual level, and to provide an individualized dietary recommendation.
Prognosis and immune function of Synaptotagmin-4 in gastric cancer and brain low-grade glioma
Authors: Jiang Siyuan , Zhu Lizhe , Jiang Chao , Yu Shibo , Wang Bin , Ren Yu
Published: April 2020

Background Synaptotagmins (SYTs) are a family of proteins whose primary feature is the calcium sensor in vesicle transport and exocytosis. SYT4 is one of them, but the relationship between SYT4 and cancer remains unclear. We aim to explore the prognosis and immune function of SYT4 in gastric cancer and low-grade glioma. Methods These databases were used to study the immunological and prognostic role of SYT4 in cancers, including the Oncomine database, Kaplan-Meier plotter, GEPIA2, TIMER, and CGGA. Results The study suggested that the expression levels of SYT4 were lower in both gastric cancer and glioma, compared to the normal tissues. And SYT4 played a protective and harmful role in low-grade gliomas and gastric cancer, respectively. Moreover, we found that a difference between SYT4 expression and the levels of immune infiltration in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and brain lower-grade glioma (LGG). Besides, after exploring the association between the expression levels of SYT4 and markers of immune cells in these two cancers, we found that markers of monocytes, M1/ M2, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), Treg cells and SYT4 expressions had an opposite correlation in STAD and LGG. Conclusions SYT4 had an effect on the prognosis of gastric cancer and glioma patients and was related to immune infiltration by regulating TAMs and Treg cells. SYT4 can be used as a prognostic biomarker for STAD and LGG.
Intensity of Task Specific Training for Functional ability Post-stroke: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Ibrahim Rabiu , Lawal Isa Usman , Joseph Conran
Published: April 2020

Background To describe and present detailed protocol of a systematic review aimed at determining available research evidence regarding the intensity, and frequency of Task-Specific Training that can best result in improved motor function, and mobility outcomes in both upper and lower extremities in acute, sub-acute and chronic stroke survivors. Methods Literature search strategies will be developed using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and text key words related to stroke rehabilitation and the use of TST to search for relevant RCTs. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (PubMed search engine), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Google Scholar will be searched for eligible articles published from inception to date. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, select appropriate abstract/studies and extract relevant data as yielded by the search base on the study inclusion criteria. Assessment of the study risk of bias and quality of included studies will be appraised using the Cochrane’s tool for assessing risk of bias or other appropriate tool. Discussion This paper presented the description of the systematic review methods, and it is expected to guide researchers in conducting systematic review in similar field of research. Sources of literature search terms and reviewers have been determined. Systematic review registration The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (130991)
Long lasting insecticide bed net utilization and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Fogera district, North West Ethiopia, 2018.
Authors: Abitew Melese Damtie , Wudineh Kihinetu Gelaye , Bantie Simachew Animen , Teshome Destawu Fetene , Tamiru Desiyalew Habtamu
Published: April 2020

Background: Long lasting insecticide bed net utilization is one of the major vector control intervention to prevent malaria in Ethiopia. Effective utilization of long lasting insecticide bed net has many impacts for decreasing malaria related morbidity and mortality among pregnant mothers.Methods : A community based cross sectional study was conducted from May 1-30, 2018 in Fogera district, North West Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered into epi-info and analyzed with SPSS software.Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression with 95% CI at P ≤ 0.05 was used to assess factors associated with net utilization.Result: The mean age of respondent was 28.26 (SD= 5.39). Over all knowledge of pregnant mothers about long lasting insecticide bed net was 68.7 % with 95% CI (64.1%-72.5%). Utilization of LLIN by interview was 88.3% and by observation was 68.3%. Pregnant mothers with secondary school (AOR = 2.449(1.125, 5.33)), had good knowledge about malaria (AOR=2.246(1.508, 3.344)), and had good knowledge about LLIN (AOR=2.1(1.417, 3.119)) were positively associated with LLIN utilization.Conclusion: Observational utilization of LLIN by pregnant mothers was 68.8% which was lower compared with WHO guideline. Those who had good knowledge about malaria and LLIN utilization, and educated mothers were positive significant factors for long lasting insecticide bed net utilization. Continuous health education on the use of long lasting insecticide bed net should be given to pregnant women at antenatal clinic to enhance its utilization.
Tumor-associated macrophages secret exosomal miR-155 to promote metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Xiang , Ni Yaojun , Chen Zhipeng , Zhu Quan , Wu Weibing , He Zhicheng , Xia Yang , Zhou Tong , Chen Liang , Xiao Xiao , Xie Xueying , Wang Jun
Published: April 2020

Background: Understanding the molecular basis underlying metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may provide new therapeutic modality for treatment of NSCLC. However, the mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affect NSCLC metastasis still remain undefined. Method: Phenotype of TAMs was identified by flow cytometry. The migration of the tumor cells was detected by transwell assay. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and PKH-67 was used to identified and label the exosome. Expression of miR-155 was measured by qRT-PCR. Luciferase analysis, western blot, and rescue assay were used to investigate potential mechanisms of miR-155.Results: We discovered a novel regulatory pathway involved in NSCLC metastasis. We found that M2 TAMs were the main TAMs in metastatic tissues of NSCLC patients and exosomes derived from M2 TAMs were able to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of NSCLC cells. We demonstrated that miR-155 was abundant in M2 TAMs and exosomes secreted by M2 TAMs. Moreover, we also verified that miR-155 was the key functional biomolecule in exosomes secreted by M2 TAMs. Furthermore, we confirmed that deletion of miR-155 in M2 TAMs could significantly prevent NSCLC metastasis. Overall, Conclusions: we revealed a new regulatory pathway that is M2 TAMs secret exosomal miR-155 to promote NSCLC metastasis. Our findings may provide a practical target for treatment of NSCLC.
Effects of effort-reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and work engagement on self-rated health among healthcare workers
Authors: Liu Danping , Ge Jingjing , He Jing , Liu Yan , Zhang Juying , Duan Zhanqi
Published: April 2020

Background: Healthcare workers, whose job is to protect and improve the health of populations, are critical to the success of health systems and to achieving national and global health goals. To respond effectively to the health needs of populations, healthcare workers themselves must be in a perfect state of health. However, healthcare workers face various psychosocial pressures, including night shifts, long working hours, demands of patient care, medical disputes, workplace violence, and emotional distress due to poor interactions with patients and colleagues and poor promotion prospects. Constant exposure to these psychosocial hazards adversely impacts healthcare workers’ health. This study aimed to examine the influence of effort-reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and work engagement on self-rated health among healthcare workers, which is conducive to providing policy guidance from several aspects as possible as to improve healthcare workers’ health. Methods : The Chinese Sixth National Health and Services Survey in Sichuan Province was conducted from August 2018 to October 2018, and we analysed 1327 valid responses. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables. Results: Only 40.1% of healthcare workers rated their health as ‘relatively good’ or ‘good’. Effort-reward imbalance had a significant negative correlation with self-rated health (β=-0.053, 95%CI: (-0.163) -(-0.001)). The relationships of effort-reward imbalance and work engagement with self-rated health were both mediated by job satisfaction (95%CI: (-0.150) -(-0.050), (0.011) -(0.022)). Work engagement mediated the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and self-rated health (95%CI: (-0.064) -(-0.008)). Conclusion: In order to improve the health of healthcare workers, administrators should balance effort and reward and provide opportunities for career development and training for healthcare workers. In addition, health managers should help healthcare workers realize the significance and value of work and help keep them actively devoted to their work through incentive mechanisms.
WITHDRAWN: Lockdowns to Contain COVID-19 Increase Risk and Severity of Mosquito-Borne Disease Outbreaks
Authors: Jindal Akshay , Rao Shrisha
Published: April 2020

Many countries are implementing lockdown measures to slow the COVID-19 pandemic, putting more than a third of the world’s population under restrictions. The scale of such lockdowns is unprecedented, and while some effects of lockdowns are readily apparent, it is less clear what effects they may have on outbreaks of serious communica-ble diseases. We examine the impact of these lockdowns on outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. Using an agent-based model and simu-lations, we find that the risk and severity of such outbreaks is much greater under lockdown conditions, with the number of infected people doubling in some cases. This increase in number of cases varies by dif- ferent mosquito-borne diseases, and is significantly higher for diseases spread by day-biting mosquitoes. We analysed various intervention strategies and found that during lockdowns, decentralised strategies such as insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying are more effective than centralised strategies.
Nutrient availability in phosphate and potassic rocks induced by Acidithiobacillus oxidizing bacteria to produce biofertilizers
Authors: Silva Emmanuella Vila Nova da , Stamford Newton Pereira , Oliveira Wagner da Silva , Júnior Valdomiro Severino de Souza , Sousa Lusiene Barbosa , Junior Mario de Andrade Lira
Published: April 2020

Production of conventional fertilizers requires significant energy consumption which increases the price of the product. In recent years, a growing interest on the application of natural products has been shown by public. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the sulfur bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans to promote mineralogy changes and increase nutrient availability, using phosphate and potassic rocks to produce PK biofertilizers. The study was set up in Petri dishes using 30 g of phosphate rock + 30 g of potassium rock, each rock mixed with elemental sulfur applied at two levels 10% and 20% (3 g and 6 g) in dish. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with eight replications (each rock). The bacterium was inoculated applying 1 ml per g of elemental sulfur. The rocks were incubated during 180 days and mineralogical analysis by XRD and chemical analysis were processed at 30, 60, 120, 150 and 180 days after inoculation. The Acidithiobacillus produced sulfuric acid, which promoted mineralogical changes especially at 180 days after inoculation, compared with the initial time. The inoculation of Acidithiobacillus reduced pH and promoted mineralogical changes in P and K rocks with a significant increase in P and K availability, becoming a viable alternative to plant nutrition instead of soluble PK fertilizers. In addition, it showed great potential for a sustainable agriculture system.
Elementos para una epistemología ambiental descolonial
Authors: Martínez Rivillas Alexander
Published: April 2020

Existen otros criterios de verificabilidad científica, inscritos en la cultura de distintas naciones indígenas. Tomamos como caso de estudio el “observatorio astronómico muisca”, Colombia, y otras investigaciones etnológicas recientes sobre las principales cosmologías del mundo. Sostenemos que las ciencias ambientales fundadas en aquellos criterios pueden mejorar su capacidad de agencia institucional, pues permiten constituir ciencias transescalares en coordinación con objetivos descoloniales del saber. Otros criterios de verificabilidad y sus diálogos con el pensamiento descolonial son realmente posibles en el marco de una filosofía materialista de enfoque vitalista. A la luz de lo anterior, se argumenta que las prolepsis y las operatividades de las proposiciones científicas (institucionalizadas) son criterios seguros de evaluación de la “validez” (a escalas subglobales) y de la “verdad” del mundo (a escala global), especialmente cuando se trata de explicar/intervenir sus problemas ambientales.
The peculiarities of economic crisis due to COVID-19 pandemic in a developing country: case of Ukraine
Authors: Danylyshyn Bohdan
Published: April 2020

At the beginning of 2020, the world faced the most frightening threat to the population’s health – COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, the international institutions, governments of countries and various organizations are forced to use unprecedented restrictive measures in many spheres of activity. As a result, the economies of the countries all over the world are significantly affected and are on the verge of crisis. This paper presents examples of economic consequences of COVID-19 pandemic for different countries of the world and analyzes still few scientific works, which study the influence of pandemic on their economies. The article generalizes the legislative and anti-crisis measures of the Ukrainian Government, as well as the National Bank of Ukraine and other state authorities. It is evidenced that at the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, Ukraine witnessed a significant decrease in GDP growth rate, reduction of industrial production and electricity production. The financial indicators also underwent significant losses, particularly the unemployment rate increased as thousands and thousands of labor migrants have returned to Ukraine from European and other countries. The article proves the inconsistency and unprofessionalism of such restrictive and regulatory measures. Finally, the necessity is substantiated to combine the methods of market economy and state regulation. The compulsory steps are offered, which would minimize the losses of the state and its population during this economic crisis.
Intensification of cooling fluid process
Authors: Slavyanskiy Anatoliy , Semenov Evgeniy , Babakin Boris , Lebedeva Natalya
Published: April 2020

A number of sectors in the food industry practice cooling substances of biological origin. This contributes to the maintenance of their biological properties, as well as prevents microflora growth in the product. One of the ways to intensify production processes and maintain the quality of raw materials and finished products is their accelerated cooling with the help of low-energy cooling equipment. The use of physical bodies cooled to low temperatures is a promising way to accelerate liquid cooling. We used balls with frozen eutectic solution. In our research, the problem of cooling a liquid system is formulated and solved within the framework of classical linear boundary value problem for the equation of a stationary convective heat transfer. In the area of the actual values of the process parameters on the study object, the solution obtained is used as the basis for numerical experiment on the modelling of the cooling liquid flow with the cooling agent system, namely balls filled with eutectic solution. By calculation, the efficiency of the proposed method for cooling liquid was justified based on such factors as temperature, the number of balls in a two-phase liquid system, and the duration of low-temperature treatment. The presented results of the numerical experiment complied with real heat transfer processes during liquid cooling.
A Virtual Reality–Supported Intervention for Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jung Timothy , Moorhouse Natasha , Shi Xin , Amin Muhammad Farhan
Published: April 2020

Background

The uptake of traditional pulmonary rehabilitation classes by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is poor because of personal factors that prevent accessibility to the venue. Therefore, there is a need for innovative methods of pulmonary rehabilitation, and virtual reality (VR) could be a promising technology for patients with COPD to access services remotely.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate whether VR improves compliance with pulmonary rehabilitation among patients with COPD, a particularly vulnerable patient group (Medical Research Council [MRC] 4 or 5), and whether VR provides a credible alternative to traditional pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Methods

This was an 8-week patient trial using an innovative VR pulmonary rehabilitation program. A purposive sample of 10 patients with COPD graded MRC 4 or 5 and registered at a selected health care center and a hospital in Cumbria, United Kingdom, were included. Qualitative (focus groups and interviews) data were collected, and to further support the qualitative findings, quantitative data (self-report patient surveys) were gathered before and after the 8-week trial. The 5 self-reported surveys included the Patient Activation Measure, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Short Physical Performance Battery, and the Edmonton Frail Scale.

Results

In a thematic analysis of the qualitative data, 11 themes emerged specific to delivering pulmonary rehabilitation using VR. The quantitative data further support the qualitative findings by revealing significant improvements in all physical measures.

Conclusions

Overall, this study demonstrates how remotely supervised VR-based pulmonary rehabilitation could help to overcome current issues and limitations associated with providing this service to patients with COPD at scale.