bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Brain Stimulation Frequency of the Subthalamic Nucleus Affects Phonemic and Action Fluency in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Fagundes Valéria de Carvalho , Rieder Carlos R. M. , Cruz Aline Nunes da , Beber Bárbara Costa , Portuguez Mirna Wetters
Published: December 2016

Introduction.Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been linked to a decline in verbal fluency. The decline can be attributed to surgical effects, but the relative contributions of the stimulation parameters are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the frequency of STN-DBS on the performance of verbal fluency tasks in patients with PD.Methods.Twenty individuals with PD who received bilateral STN-DBS were evaluated. Their performances of verbal fluency tasks (semantic, phonemic, action, and unconstrained fluencies) upon receiving low-frequency (60 Hz) and high-frequency (130 Hz) STN-DBS were assessed.Results.The performances of phonemic and action fluencies were significantly different between low- and high-frequency STN-DBS. Patients showed a decrease in these verbal fluencies for high-frequency STN-DBS.Conclusion.Low-frequency STN-DBS may be less harmful to the verbal fluency of PD patients.
A Mixture of Two Burr Type III Distributions: Identifiability and Estimation under Type II Censoring
Authors: Al-Moisheer A. S.
Published: December 2016

The mixture of two Burr Type III distributions (MTBIIID) is investigated. First, the identifiability property of the MTBIIID is proved. Then, two different methods of estimation are used. Next, the estimates of the unknown five parameters and reliability function of the MTBIIID under Type II censoring are obtained. To study the performance of the estimation technique in the paper, a Monte Carlo simulation is presented. In addition, the numerical illustration requires solving nonlinear equations; therefore, the software international mathematical statistical library (IMSL) is used to assess these effects numerically. Finally, a real data set is applied to illustrate the methods proposed here.
Investigation on Nanocomposite Membrane of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polycarbonate Blend for Gas Separation
Authors: Kausar Ayesha
Published: December 2016

Carbon nanotube has been explored as a nanofiller in high performance polymeric membrane for gas separation. In this regard, nanocomposite membrane of polycarbonate (PC), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVFHFP), and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was fabricated via phase inversion technique. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was employed for the compatibilization of the blend system. Two series of PC/PVFHFP/PEG were developed using purified P-MWCNT and acid functional A-MWCNT nanofiller. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs have shown fine nanotube dispersion and wetting by matrix, compared with the purified system. Tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PC/PVFHFP/PEG/MWCNT-A 1–5 were found to be in the range of 63.6–72.5 MPa and 110.6–122.1 MPa, respectively. The nanocomposite revealed 51% increase in Young’s modulus and 28% increase in tensile stress relative to the pristine blend. The A-MWCNT was also effective in enhancing the permselectivity αCO2/N2 (31.2–39.9) of nanocomposite membrane relative to the blend membrane (21.6). The permeability PCO2 of blend was 125.6 barrer; however, the functional series had enhanced PCO2 values ranging from 142.8 to 186.6 barrer. Moreover, A-MWCNT loading improved the gas diffusivity of PC/PVFHFP/PEG/MWCNT-A 1–5; however, filler content did not significantly influence the CO2 and N2 solubility.
A Case of Penicillin-ResistantVeillonellaProsthetic Joint Infection of the Knee
Authors: Libertin Claudia R. , Peterson Joy H. , Brodersen Mark P. , Huff Tamara
Published: December 2016

Veillonellasp. andV. disparare emerging pathogens. This is the third case of a monomicrobialVeillonellasp. prosthetic joint infection (PJI) among knees and hips; this is the second prosthetic knee infection described. The infection was treated with a 2-stage procedural approach combined with 6 weeks of ceftriaxone with excellent clinical response. There was no relapse in 2 years of follow-up care. This case exemplifies the importance of incubating anaerobic cultures for at least 7 days to grow some anaerobic pathogens.
A Possible Association of Diindolylmethane with Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Bui Peter V. , Moualla Maan , Upson Dona J.
Published: December 2016

Introduction.3,3′-Diindolylmethane is available as a supplement in the United States for “cancer prevention” and “augmentation of physical fitness.” A derivative of indole-3-carbinol found in plants, diindolylmethane, binds to receptors associated with the sex steroid pathways and has unclear effects on estrogen and androgen physiology. We present a patient who had been taking diindolylmethane and developed right lower extremity deep venous thrombosis and bilateral pulmonary embolism.Case Presentation.A 65-year-old man presented with swelling, erythema, and warmth of his right lower extremity for three to four weeks. He had been taking diindolylmethane one tablet daily for three to four months. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism included tobacco use, personal history of possible pulmonary embolism, body mass index, and age. Imaging studies found extensive deep venous thrombosis in his right lower extremity and bilateral pulmonary embolism with probable right middle lobe infarction. Follow-up imaging showed chronic deep venous thrombosis in his right lower extremity.Discussion.As suggested in this single case, patients who take diindolylmethane may be at greater risk for venous thromboembolism. Further reports and studies are necessary in order to elucidate this possible association. Clinicians should question patients about supplements in the setting of venous thromboembolism.
Analytical Performances of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA-Based Amplix® Real-Time PCR Platform for HIV-1 RNA Quantification
Authors: Mossoro-Kpinde Christian Diamant , Mboumba Bouassa Ralph-Sydney , Jenabian Mohammad-Ali , Wolyec Serge Tonen , Robin Leman , Matta Mathieu , Longo Jean de Dieu , Grésenguet Gérard , Andreoletti Laurent , Bélec Laurent
Published: December 2016

Objectives. We evaluated the performances of Amplix real-time PCR platform developed by Biosynex (Strasbourg, France), combining automated station extraction (Amplix station 16 Dx) and real-time PCR (Amplix NG), for quantifying plasma HIV-1 RNA by lyophilized HIV-1 RNA-based Amplix reagents targeting gag and LTR, using samples from HIV-1-infected adults from Central African Republic. Results. Amplix real-time PCR assay showed low limit of detection (28 copies/mL), across wide dynamic range (1.4–10 log copies/mL), 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity, high reproducibility, and accuracy with mean bias < 5%. The assay showed excellent correlations and concordance of 95.3% with the reference HIV-1 RNA load assay (Roche), with mean absolute bias of +0.097 log copies/mL by Bland-Altman analysis. The assay was able to detect and quantify the most prevalent HIV-1 subtype strains and the majority of non-B subtypes, CRFs of HIV-1 group M, and HIV-1 groups N and O circulating in Central Africa. The Amplix assay showed 100% sensitivity and 99.6% specificity to diagnose virological failure in clinical samples from antiretroviral drug-experienced patients. Conclusions. The HIV-1 RNA-based Amplix real-time PCR platform constitutes sensitive and reliable system for clinical monitoring of HIV-1 RNA load in HIV-1-infected children and adults, particularly adapted to intermediate laboratory facilities in sub-Saharan Africa.
Orthopaedic Aspects of Marfan Syndrome: The Experience of a Referral Center for Diagnosis of Rare Diseases
Authors: De Maio Fernando , Fichera Alessandro , De Luna Vincenzo , Mancini Federico , Caterini Roberto
Published: December 2016

Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1). The most important features affect the cardiovascular system, eyes, and skeleton. The aim of this study was to report the most frequent musculoskeletal alterations observed in 146 patients affected by Marfan syndrome. Fifty-four patients (37%) underwent cardiac surgery and 11 of them received emergent surgery for acute aortic dissection. Ectopia lentis was found in 68 patients (47%) whereas myopia above 3D occurred in 46 patients (32%). Musculoskeletal anomalies were observed in all patients with Marfan syndrome. In 88 patients (60.2%), the associated “wrist and thumb sign” was present; in 58 patients (39.7%), pectus carinatum deformity; in 44 patients (30.1%), pectus excavatum; in 49 patients (33.5%), severe flatfoot; in 31 patients (21.2%), hindfoot deformity; in 54 patients (36.9%), reduced US/LS ratio or increased arm span-height ratio; in 37 patients (25.3%), scoliosis or thoracolumbar kyphosis; in 22 patients (15%), reduced elbow extension (170° or less). Acetabular protrusion was ascertained on radiographs in 27 patients (18.4%). Orthopaedic aspects of the disease are very important for an early diagnosis; however, we have not observed definite correlations between the extent of orthopaedic involvement and aortic complications.
Modified Fire Simulation Curve of Cabin Temperatures in Postcrash Fires for Fire Safety Engineering
Authors: Zhang Qingsong , Jiang Naiwen , Qi Hanpeng , Luo Xingna
Published: December 2016

The fire simulation curve this paper presents is based on a curve which is proposed by Barnett in 2002. The curve is used to study the temperature change in a fire scenario in the interior of a rectangular compartment. However, it is not applicable to use in some long, limited spaces with arc boundaries, such as aircraft cabins. Some improvements and simplifications are made to the curve to solve this problem. A numerical simulation is conducted via the modified curve in a B737 fuselage during a postcrash fire. The result is compared with a fire dynamics simulator (FDS) simulation and a full-scale test undertaken by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The practicability and accuracy of the modified curve is proved through the relevant analysis and the main relative error analysis. The time to flashover is also predicted by the curve and the FDS simulation, respectively. Several parameters are chosen as influence factors to study their effect on the time to flashover in order to delay the occurrence of the flashover. This study may provide a technical support for the cabin fire safety design, safety management, and fire safety engineering.
Lipid Profile of Children with Malaria byPlasmodium vivax
Authors: Dias Rosa Maria , Vieira Jose Luiz Fernandes , Cabral Bianca da Conceição , da Silva Isameriliam Rosaulem Pereira , Brasil Laelia Maria Barra Feio , Araújo Eliete da Cunha , de Andrade Marcieni Ataíde
Published: December 2016

Background. Changes in lipid profile are commonly reported in adult patients with malaria. However, a few studies evaluated lipid abnormalities in children continuously exposed toP. vivax.Objective. To evaluate lipid abnormalities in children withP. vivaxinfection and to assess if parasite count or the history of malaria correlates with lipid levels at admission.Methods. A total of 75 children were included in the study, from which 43 were slide confirmed infection byP. vivax. Serial blood samples were collected at admission and, on days 7 and 14, evaluated for the colorimetric measurements of triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL).Results. The levels of total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were significantly lower in malaria cases. The levels of VLDL and triglycerides were significantly higher in children with malaria. Such changes were transient and were not associated with parasite counting as well as with the history of malaria of patients.Conclusion. There are significant lipid abnormalities in children with low level ofP. vivaxinfection and mild signs and symptoms of the disease, which are not associated with parasitaemia and previous episodes of disease.
Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Martin Josiane Morais , Miranda Rosiane Aparecida , Barella Luiz Felipe , Palma-Rigo Kesia , Alves Vander Silva , Fabricio Gabriel Sergio , Pavanello Audrei , Franco Claudinéia Conationi da Silva , Ribeiro Tatiane Aparecida , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio , Banafé Elton Guntendeorfer , Martin Clayton Antunes , Mathias Paulo Cezar de Freitas , de Oliveira Júlio Cezar
Published: December 2016

Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) prevent cardiometabolic diseases. We aimed to study whether a diet supplemented with a mixture of n-6/n-3 PUFAs, during perinatal life, attenuates outcomes of long-term metabolic dysfunction in prediabetic and obese mice. Seventy-day-old virgin female mice were mated. From the conception day, dams were fed a diet supplemented with sunflower oil and flaxseed powder (containing an n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio of 1.2 : 1.0) throughout pregnancy and lactation, while control dams received a commercial diet. Newborn mice were treated with monosodium L-glutamate (MSG, 4 mg g−1body weight per day) for the first 5 days of age. A batch of weaned pups was sacrificed to quantify the brain and pancreas total lipids; another batch were fed a commercial diet until 90 days of age, where glucose homeostasis and glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) as well as retroperitoneal fat and Lee index were assessed. MSG-treated mice developed obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, pancreatic islet dysfunction, and higher fat stores. Maternal flaxseed diet-supplementation decreased n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio in the brain and pancreas and blocked glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, GIIS impairment, and obesity development. The n-6/n-3 essential PUFAs in a ratio of 1.2 : 1.0 supplemented in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation prevent metabolic dysfunction in MSG-obesity model.
On the Extension of Sarrus’ Rule to n×n  (n>3) Matrices: Development of New Method for the Computation of the Determinant of 4×4 Matrix
Authors: Sobamowo M. G.
Published: December 2016

The determinant of a matrix is very powerful tool that helps in establishing properties of matrices. Indisputably, its importance in various engineering and applied science problems has made it a mathematical area of increasing significance. From developed and existing methods of finding determinant of a matrix, basketweave method/Sarrus’ rule has been shown to be the simplest, easiest, very fast, accurate, and straightforward method for the computation of the determinant of 3 × 3 matrices. However, its gross limitation is that this method/rule does not work for matrices larger than 3 × 3 and this fact is well established in literatures. Therefore, the state-of-the-art methods for finding the determinants of 4 × 4 matrix and larger matrices are predominantly founded on non-basketweave method/non-Sarrus’ rule. In this work, extension of the simple, easy, accurate, and straightforward approach to the determinant of larger matrices is presented. The paper presents the developments of new method with different schemes based on the basketweave method/Sarrus’ rule for the computation of the determinant of 4 × 4. The potency of the new method is revealed in generalization of the basketweave method/non-Sarrus’ rule for the computation of the determinant of n×n (n>3) matrices. The new method is very efficient, very consistence for handy calculations, highly accurate, and fastest compared to other existing methods.
Diagnostic Value of Adenosine Deaminase and Its Isoforms in Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Larijani Bagher , Heshmat Ramin , Ebrahimi-Rad Mina , Khatami Shohreh , Valadbeigi Shirin , Saghiri Reza
Published: December 2016

Background and Aims. In the present study, we have investigated the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) as a diagnostic marker in type 2 (or II) diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Design and Methods. The deaminase activity of ADA1 and ADA2 was determined in serum from 33 patients with type 2 (or II) diabetes mellitus and 35 healthy controls. We also determined the proportion of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).Results. Our results showed significant differences between total serum ADA (tADA) and ADA2 activities in the diabetic groups with HbA1c < 8 (%) and HbA1c ≥ 8 (%) with respect to the values in healthy individuals (p<0.001). ADA2 activity in patients with high HbA1c was found to be much higher than that in patients with low HbA1c (p=0.0001). In addition, total ADA activity showed a significant correlation with HbA1c (r=0.6,p<0.0001).Conclusions. Total serum ADA activity, specially that due to ADA2, could be useful test for the diagnosis of type 2 (or II) diabetes mellitus.
Antidiabetic Effects of Resveratrol: The Way Forward in Its Clinical Utility
Authors: Oyenihi Omolola R. , Oyenihi Ayodeji B. , Adeyanju Anne A. , Oguntibeju Oluwafemi O.
Published: December 2016

Despite recent advances in the understanding and management ofdiabetes mellitus, the prevalence of the disease is increasing unabatedly with resulting disabling and life-reducing consequences to the global human population. The limitations and side effects associated with current antidiabetic therapies have necessitated the search for novel therapeutic agents. Due to the multipathogenicity ofdiabetes mellitus,plant-derived compounds with proven multiple pharmacological actions have been postulated to “hold the key” in the search for an affordable, efficacious, and safer therapeutic agent in the treatment of the disease and associated complications. Resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in few plant species, has demonstrated beneficial antidiabetic effects in animals and humans through diverse mechanisms and multiple molecular targets. However, despite the enthusiasm and widespread successes achieved with the use of resveratrol in animal models ofdiabetes mellitus, there are extremely limited clinical data to confirm the antidiabetic qualities of resveratrol. This review presents an update on the mechanisms of action and protection of resveratrol indiabetes mellitus, highlights challenges in its clinical utility, and suggests the way forward in translating the promising preclinical data to a possible antidiabetic drug in the near future.
Making the Most of Cancer Surgery with Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy
Authors: Melero Ignacio , Berraondo Pedro , Rodríguez-Ruiz María E. , Pérez-Gracia José L.
Published: December 2016

Summary: Surgery remains our strongest treatment pillar against early stages of cancer. In a number of instances, the curative potential of surgery can be enhanced by treatments given before (neoadjuvant) or after (adjuvant) surgical procedures. Immunomodulation has emerged as a powerful tool to fight metastatic disease across cancer histologies and goes now to be tested at earlier surgically amenable stages. The work by Liu and colleagues in this issue provides solid preclinical evidence in support of neoadjuvant immunotherapy over adjuvant approaches. Cancer Discov; 6(12); 1312–4. ©2016 AACR.

See related article by Liu and colleagues, p. 1382.
The Utility of the Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination as a Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
Authors: Hobson Peter , Rohoma Kamel H. , Wong Stephen P. , Kumwenda Mick J.
Published: December 2016

Background/Aims: We tested the utility of the Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) in a cohort of older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes. Method: The M-ACE was administered to 112 CKD and diabetes patients attending a nephrology clinic. Cognitive impairment was based upon patient, informant, and case review, neuropsychological assessment, and application of criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition for dementia. The M-ACE was also compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: Upon assessment, 52 patients had normal cognitive function, 33 had MCI, and 27 had dementia. The area under the receiver operating curve for the M-ACE was 0.96 (95% CI 0.95–1.00). The sensitivity and specificity for a dementia diagnosis were 0.96 and 0.84 at the cut point <25 and 0.70 and 1.00 at the cut point <21. Mean M-ACE scores differed significantly between normal, demented, and MCI groups (p < 0.001), and compared to the MMSE, the M-ACE did not suffer from ceiling effects. Conclusion: The M-ACE is an easily administered test with good sensitivity and specificity to capture and assist in the diagnosis of MCI or dementia in patients with CKD and diabetes.
Promoção da saúde na educação básica e a licenciatura em enfermagem
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Gonçalves Marlene Fagundes Carvalho , Andrade Luciane Sá de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Silva Marta Angélica Iossi ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto
Published: December 2016

Este livro está dividido em duas partes: promoção da saúde na escola e experiências de estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Enfermagem em atividades na educação básica. O texto analisa as ações de promoção da saúde na Educação Básica, no contexto do curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem/USP por meio da perspectiva de 29 professores de três escolas de Educação Básica. Na segunda parte do livro são apresentados resumos de relatos de experiências de estudantes e participantes do grupo de estudo em atividades nas escolas de educação básica.
Faculdade de Medicina Graduate Committee: its history and prospects
Authors: Terra Filho Mário
Published: December 2016

No abstract.
Clinic Blood Pressure Underestimates Ambulatory Blood Pressure in an Untreated Employer-Based US Population
Authors: Schwartz Joseph E. , Burg Matthew M. , Shimbo Daichi , Broderick Joan E. , Stone Arthur A. , Ishikawa Joji , Sloan Richard , Yurgel Tyla , Grossman Steven , Pickering Thomas G.
Published: December 2016

Background:

Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) is consistently superior to clinic blood pressure (CBP) as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk. A common perception is that ABP is usually lower than CBP. The relationship of the CBP minus ABP difference to age has not been examined in the United States.

Methods:

Between 2005 and 2012, 888 healthy, employed, middle-aged (mean±SD age, 45±10.4 years) individuals (59% female, 7.4% black, 12% Hispanic) with screening BP <160/105 mm Hg and not taking antihypertensive medication completed 3 separate clinic BP assessments and a 24-hour ABP recording for the Masked Hypertension Study. The distributions of CBP, mean awake ABP (aABP), and the CBP−aABP difference in the full sample and by demographic characteristics were compared. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing was used to model the relationship of the BP measures to age and body mass index. The prevalence of discrepancies in ABP- versus CBP-defined hypertension status—white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension—were also examined.

Results:

Average systolic/diastolic aABP (123.0/77.4±10.3/7.4 mm Hg) was significantly higher than the average of 9 CBP readings over 3 visits (116.0/75.4±11.6/7.7 mm Hg). aABP exceeded CBP by >10 mm Hg much more frequently than CBP exceeded aABP. The difference (aABP>CBP) was most pronounced in young adults and those with normal body mass index. The systolic difference progressively diminished, but did not disappear, at older ages and higher body mass indexes. The diastolic difference vanished around age 65 and reversed (CBP>aABP) for body mass index >32.5 kg/m
2
. Whereas 5.3% of participants were hypertensive by CBP, 19.2% were hypertensive by aABP; 15.7% of those with nonelevated CBP had masked hypertension.

Conclusions:

Contrary to a widely held belief, based primarily on cohort studies of patients with elevated CBP, ABP is not usually lower than CBP, at least not among healthy, employed individuals. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of otherwise healthy individuals with nonelevated CBP have masked hypertension. Demonstrated CBP−aABP gradients, if confirmed in representative samples (eg, NHANES [National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey]), could provide guidance for primary care physicians as to when, for a given CBP, 24-hour ABP would be useful to identify or rule out masked hypertension.
A Critical Appraisal of Aspirin in Secondary Prevention
Authors: Gargiulo Giuseppe , Windecker Stephan , Vranckx Pascal , Gibson Charles Michael , Mehran Roxana , Valgimigli Marco
Published: December 2016

Aspirin represents the
sine qua non
for antiplatelet pharmacotherapy in patients with cardiovascular diseases because of its well-established role in secondary prevention and its widespread availability and affordability. Historical studies, conducted in an era that bears little resemblance to contemporary clinical practice, demonstrated large reductions in thrombotic risk when aspirin was compared with placebo, thus forming the evidence base promulgated in practice guidelines and recommendations. P2Y
12
inhibitors have mostly been studied in addition to aspirin; dual-antiplatelet therapy proved superiority compared with aspirin monotherapy for the prevention of ischemic events, despite increased bleeding risks. An alternative approach currently under investigation includes evaluation of single-antiplatelet therapy with P2Y
12
inhibitors alone versus dual-antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndromes or coronary stent implantation. As the availability of more effective antiplatelet agents increases, it is time to revisit the existing and long-standing paradigm supporting aspirin use for secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events. Ongoing trials will provide new evidence whether the less-is-more strategy is justified.
The Ambivalent Émigrée: Mayy Ziyādah’s Rhetoric of Nationhood
Authors: Khaldi Boutheina
Published: December 2016

This paper reflects on the idea of exile in relation to the fractured intellectual landscape of identity formation as pronounced in a series of conceptualizations of homeland, nation, and nationhood in early twentieth-century Egypt. Where there is strong anti-colonial feeling and a need to forge a clear understanding of belonging, the conceptualization of homeland assumes paramount importance, with prominent Arab intellectuals and littérateurs like Mayy Ziyādah sharing in the ongoing discussion. Ziyādah was ambivalent toward mainstream applications of national identity at the time, not only because of her multilayered, fluid personal identity, but also because, under the impact of Enlightenment thought, she believed in world citizenry.
A new species and four new records of Amanita (Amanitaceae; Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand
Authors: THONGBAI BENJARONG , TULLOSS RODHAM E. , MILLER STEVEN L. , HYDE KEVIN D. , CHEN JIE , ZHAO RUILIN , RASPÉ OLIVIER
Published: December 2016

Mushrooms belonging to the genus Amanita were collected during a fungal biodiversity study in northern Thailand in 2012–2014. Morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the mushrooms to species. Amanita castanea is described as new to science and compared with phenetically and phylogenetically similar species. It is assignable to Amanita stirps Citrina within Amanita series Mappae. Four other species, A. concentrica, A. rimosa, A. cf. rubromarginata and A. zangii are first reports for Thailand; detailed morphological and molecular data are provided for the Thai material.
Four new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Amazon basin and the Guiana Shield
Authors: CABRAL FERNANDA NUNES , BITTRICH VOLKER , ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL MARIA DO CARMO
Published: December 2016

Four new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa balbinensis, endemic to Balbina (Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil), C. caespitosa growing in savannah and white-sand vegetation in Roraima and Amazonas (Brazil), Guainía (Colombia) and Amazonas (Venezuela), C. davilae, an endemic species of Loreto (Peru), and C. macrocarpa, an endemic species to Guyana. Morphological comparisons with the similar taxa are provided for each new species: C. balbinensis can be distinguished from C. heterocarpa by its longer leaves and petioles, and its slightly rugulose fruit surface; C. caespitosa can be separated from C. grandifolia and C. longipedicellata by its distinguished habit, and its smaller leaves and inflorescences; C. davilae differs from C. balbinensis and C. grandifolia by its dense indument on the abaxial leaf surface, and its rugulose and concave fruit valves; and C. macrocarpa can be distinguished from C. punctulata by its large, glabrous and rugulose fruits.
Tingupa tlingitorum, n. sp., a new milliped from Haines, Alaska, USA, with notes on the generic distribution and a revised key to species (Chordeumatida: Tingupidae)
Authors: SHEAR WILLIAM A. , SHELLEY ROWLAND M.
Published: December 2016

Tingupa tlingitorum n. sp. (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Tingupidae) is proposed for male and female millipeds from Haines, Alaska, USA. It constitutes the first Alaskan record of the family and third of the order, and represents generic and familial range extensions of ca. 1,050 mi (1,680 km) from the previous northern limit in Oregon. Tingupa sp. is also reported from Idaho, the first generic and familial records from this state, and the Queen Charlotte Islands, the first records for both Canada and British Columbia. A revised key to species and a new familial distribution map are presented.
A new species of Dendrelaphis (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Southeast Asia
Authors: VOGEL GERNOT , VAN ROOIJEN JOHAN
Published: December 2016

A new species of the colubrid genus Dendrelaphis Boulenger 1890 is described. Dendrelaphis kopsteini sp. nov. ranges from Thailand through Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore to Sumatra. A detailed statistical analysis of the differences between D. kopsteini sp. nov., D. formosus (Boie, 1827) and D. cyanochloris (Wall, 1921) is provided as the three species have been mixed up frequently in the literature. D. kopsteini sp. nov. differs from all other Dendrelaphis species by a brick red neck coloration. A neotype is designated and described for D. formosus and a lectotype is designated and described for D. cyanochloris.
Checklist of host associations of European bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae, Streblidae)
Authors: SZENTIVÁNYI TAMARA , ESTÓK PÉTER , FÖLDVÁRI MIHÁLY
Published: December 2016

Bat flies are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites of bats. They are divided into two families: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae. Europe has 17 species of bat flies and 45 species of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). This checklist is based on both published records and our own field data and provides updated information on all associations between bat flies and their hosts in Europe. The host-parasite association between Basilia italica Theodor and Plecotus auritus (Linnaeus) is reported for the first time. Moreover, our records of B. italica on Myotis alcathoe Helversen & Heller, B. nana Theodor & Moscona on Plecotus auritus, Nycteribia kolenatii Theodor & Moscona on M. bechsteinii (Kuhl) and Penicillidia dufourii (Westwood) on M. daubentonii (Kuhl) represent new host associations for Hungary.
New taxonomic and faunistic data on the Himalayan Lesteva Latreille, 1797 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae)
Authors: SHAVRIN ALEXEY V.
Published: December 2016

New taxonomic and faunistc data for seven species of the genus Lesteva Latreille, 1797 of the Himalayas are presented. Two species are redescribed: L. (s.str.) kargilensis Cameron, 1934 and L. (s.str.) steeli Lohse, 1982. The aedeagus of L. (s.str.) steeli is illustrated. One synonym is proposed: L. (s.str.) brevipennis Cameron, 1941 = L. pakistana Coiffait, 1984 syn. n. A lectotype and paralectotypes for L. (s.str.) torrentum Cameron, 1924 are designated. A key to species known from the Himalayan Region is provided.
Three new species of Claudiella Reichardt & Vanin, 1976 (Coleoptera, Torridincolidae) from Brazil
Authors: BENETTI CESAR JOÃO , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: December 2016

The monotypic Neotropical genus Claudiella Reichardt & Vanin, 1976 is currently known only from Brazil (C. ingens Reichardt & Vanin, 1976). We describe here three new species from Brazil, C. jefersoni sp. n., C. jeaneae sp. n. and C. anamariae sp. n., from Roraima, Minas Gerais and Bahia states, respectively, bringing to four the number of species included in Claudiella. These species can be distinguished by different characteristics observed in the legs, mouth parts, metathoracic wings and male genitalia.
Pseudotrichonotus belos new species, first record of the fish family Pseudotrichonotidae from Australia (Teleostei: Aulopiformes)
Authors: GILL ANTHONY C. , POGONOSKI JOHN J.
Published: December 2016

Pseudotrichonotus belos new species, described from three specimens trawled in 100–120 m offshore between Exmouth Gulf and Shark Bay, Western Australia, represents the first record of the sand-diving fish family Pseudotrichonotidae from Australian waters. It differs from its two congeners in having a more posteriorly positioned dorsal fin (predorsal length 39.6–41.2 % SL) and fewer dorsal- and anal-fin rays (31–33 and 12, respectively).
Two new species of Batrisodes Reitter (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China
Authors: JIANG RI-XIN , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: December 2016

Two new species, Batrisodes linyejiei Jiang and Yin, new species and Batrisodes petalosus Jiang and Yin, new species, are described from China. The former species is associated with Formica ants and the latter with Myrmica ants. A key to all 11 Batrisodes species known to occur in China is provided.
Tornadoes in Europe: An Underestimated Threat
Authors: Antonescu Bogdan , Schultz David M. , Holzer Alois , Groenemeijer Pieter
Published: December 2016

The social and economic impact of tornadoes in Europe is analyzed using tornado reports from the European Severe Weather Database between 1950 and 2015. Despite what is often assumed by the general public and even by meteorologists and researchers, tornadoes do occur in Europe and they are associated with injuries, fatalities, and damages, although their reported frequencies and intensities are lower compared with the United States. Currently, the threat of tornadoes to Europe is underestimated. Few European meteorological services have developed and maintained tornado databases and even fewer have issued tornado warnings. This article summarizes our current understanding of the tornado threat to Europe by showing the changes in tornado injuries and fatalities since the 1950s and by estimating for the first time the damages associated with European tornadoes. To increase awareness of tornadoes and their threat to Europe, we propose a strategy that includes 1) collaboration between meteorological services, researchers, and the general public toward a pan-European database; 2) development of national forecasting and warning systems and of pan-European convective outlooks; and 3) development by decision-makers and emergency managers of policies and strategies that include tornadoes.
Pacific Hurricane Landfalls on Mexico and SST
Authors: Hall Timothy , Tippett Michael K.
Published: December 2016

A statistical model of northeastern Pacific Ocean tropical cyclones (TCs) is developed and used to estimate hurricane landfall rates along the coast of Mexico. Mean annual landfall rates for 1971–2014 are compared with mean rates for the extremely high northeastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) of 2015. Over the full coast, the mean rate and 5%–95% uncertainty range (in parentheses) for TCs that are category 1 and higher on the Saffir–Simpson scale (C1+ TCs) are 1.24 (1.05, 1.33) yr−1 for 1971–2014 and 1.69 (0.89, 2.08) yr−1 for 2015—a difference that is not significant. The increase for the most intense landfalls (category-5 TCs) is significant: 0.009 (0.006, 0.011) yr−1 for 1971–2014 and 0.031 (0.016, 0.036) yr−1 for 2015. The SST impact on the rate of category-5 TC landfalls is largest on the northern Mexican coast. The increased landfall rates for category-5 TCs are consistent with independent analysis showing that SST has its greatest impact on the formation rates of the most intense northeastern Pacific TCs. Landfall rates on Hawaii [0.033 (0.019, 0.045) yr−1 for C1+ TCs and 0.010 (0.005, 0.016) yr−1 for C3+ TCs for 1971–2014] show increases in the best estimates for 2015 conditions, but the changes are statistically insignificant.
Climatological Characterization of Puelche Winds down the Western Slope of the Extratropical Andes Mountains Using the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis
Authors: Montecinos Aldo , Muñoz Ricardo C. , Oviedo Stephanie , Martínez Andrés , Villagrán Víctor
Published: December 2016

The existence of strong easterly winds down the western slope of the south-central Andes in Chile, locally known as Puelche winds, has been known by the meteorological community since at least the mid-twentieth century. However, this is the first time that a climatological characterization of them is presented. The analysis is based on 36 yr of daily CFSR–NCEP reanalyzed data, validated by surface weather observations. Puelche winds are present all year round. The main synoptic-scale forcing of Puelche winds in south-central Chile is the passage of cold anticyclonic systems across the Andes Mountains. As these systems progress into the South American continent, a zonal surface circulation crossing from Argentina (upslope) to Chile (downslope) develops. Unlike terral and raco, other foehnlike winds at subtropical latitudes in Chile, the Puelche winds are forced by both meridional and zonal pressure gradients. Presumably, the smaller altitude of the Andes Mountains south of 35°S allows the air crossing from east to west in response to the presence of the migratory high pressure system over Argentina. As in other places where foehnlike winds develop, the warming extends far from places where the Puelche is actually observed, that is, to the west of the Andes into the surface at the coastal and the central depression areas. This “foehn clearance” is the result of cloudless sky and drier atmosphere that would allow an increase in the solar radiation reaching the surface and a subsequent warming of the near-surface air. The foehn clearance also drives an enhanced nighttime cooling, especially on the days after the onset of the Puelche event.
Spatial Distribution of Generation of Lorenz’s Available Potential Energy in a Global Climate Model
Authors: Ahbe Eva , Caldeira Ken
Published: December 2016

Previous studies have estimated global available potential energy (APE) and global APE generation, but no study has focused on the geographic distribution of contributions to global APE and APE generation. To obtain the information needed for this analysis, simulations were performed using the NCAR CESM1.0.4 climate model. Based on these simulation results, maps of the spatial and seasonal distribution of APE contributions and APE generation in the atmosphere were obtained from the analysis. APE is generated by processes that cool relatively cool areas or warm relatively warm areas. It was found that there are two regions of the mid- to upper troposphere that contribute primarily to APE generation: 1) the tropics, especially the western tropical Pacific, owing largely to latent heat released in the intertropical convergence zone, and 2) the polar regions, especially in the relatively cold polar night, where longwave cooling is not offset by shortwave warming. It was also found that these qualitative results are largely insensitive to the assumptions examined regarding the treatment of topography in the atmosphere. Further, the analysis was extended to calculate how APE and APE generation is changed in a 4 × CO2 climate relative to a 1 × CO2 climate. It was found that in the high-CO2 climate, APE decreased by 7.0% and APE generation decreased by 10.1%. This is consistent with expectations based on decreased equator-to-pole temperature gradients in warmer climates. The methods, results, and analysis presented here should prove useful in helping to build a better understanding of controls on atmospheric kinetic energy.
Stratospheric Control of the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Son Seok-Woo , Lim Yuna , Yoo Changhyun , Hendon Harry H. , Kim Joowan
Published: December 2016

Interannual variation of seasonal-mean tropical convection over the Indo-Pacific region is primarily controlled by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). For example, during El Niño winters, seasonal-mean convection around the Maritime Continent becomes weaker than normal, while that over the central to eastern Pacific is strengthened. Similarly, subseasonal convective activity, which is associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), is influenced by ENSO. The MJO activity tends to extend farther eastward to the date line during El Niño winters and contract toward the western Pacific during La Niña winters. However, the overall level of MJO activity across the Maritime Continent does not change much in response to the ENSO. It is shown that the boreal winter MJO amplitude is closely linked with the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) rather than with ENSO. The MJO activity around the Maritime Continent becomes stronger and more organized during the easterly QBO winters. The QBO-related MJO change explains up to 40% of interannual variation of the boreal winter MJO amplitude. This result suggests that variability of the MJO and the related tropical–extratropical teleconnections can be better understood and predicted by taking not only the tropospheric circulation but also the stratospheric mean state into account. The seasonality of the QBO–MJO link and the possible mechanism are also discussed.
Is Tropical Cyclone Surge, Not Intensity, What Kills So Many People in South Asia?
Authors: Seo S. Niggol , Bakkensen Laura A.
Published: December 2016

This paper statistically examines the hypothesis that the level of storm surge, not storm intensity, is primarily responsible for the large number of tropical cyclone fatalities in South Asia. Because the potential causal link between intensity and surge can confound statistical inference, the authors develop two fatality models using different assumptions on the relationship between storm surge and intensity. The authors find evidence that storm surge is a primary killer of people in South Asia relative to storm intensity. In a surge–pressure independence model, it is found that a 10-cm increase in storm surge results in a 14% increase in the number of fatalities. In a surge–pressure dependence model, a 10-cm increase in the level of surge not driven by minimum central pressure (MCP) leads to 9.9% increase in the number of fatalities. By contrast, a one-millibar (1 hPa) decrease in MCP leads to a 7.3% increase in the number of fatalities, some of which is also attributable to storm surge. In South Asia, adaptation strategies should target a higher level of storm surge instead of higher-intensity storms. Policies to combat surge include permanent relocation, temporary evacuation, changes in building structures, and coastal fortification.
Is Public Service Motivation a Better Explanation of Nonprofit Career Preferences Than Government Career Preferences?
Authors: Bright Leonard
Published: December 2016

Public service motivation (PSM) is a multifaceted theory that explains, among other things, the career preferences of individuals. Some have suggested that PSM is not inherently government specific and thus is also a meaningful characteristic of individuals who are employed in the nonprofit sector. This study sought to add to this body of research by exploring the relationship that PSM has to nonprofit and government career preferences, while controlling for the influences of age, gender, minority status, and work experience. The findings of this study demonstrated that individuals with high levels of PSM preferred nonprofit careers over government careers. However, the gender of the respondents was found to be the most important predictor of career preferences when compared with PSM. The implications of these findings to the field of public administration and management are discussed.
Late Middle Archaic settlement systems in West-Central Illinois
Authors: Bradbury Andrew P
Published: December 2016

Data from a sample of late Middle Archaic sites in west-central Illinois are examined in light of Binford’s forager–collector model. Quantitative methods (correspondence and diversity analyses) are applied to the lithic data from the sites. It is suggested that a mix of mobility strategies was employed in the region during late Middle Archaic. Large, possibly multiseason, valley located residential sites were occupied during the warm season. People occupying such sites were logistically mobile and employed logistical sites to supply some of the resources. In contrast, smaller, upland residential sites were occupied by few people for shorter durations during the cold season. People were residentially mobile while occupying the upland residential sites. The methods demonstrated in the paper are applicable to other regions and time periods.
Examining style in Virgin Branch corrugated ceramics
Authors: Horton Shannon M , Harry Karen G
Published: December 2016

In this article, we examine variation in the corrugation styles of ceramics from the Virgin Branch Puebloan culture. These ceramics were recovered from two regions: the Moapa Valley of southern Nevada and the Mt. Dellenbaugh area of northwestern Arizona. Three wares—Shivwits, Moapa, and Tusayan—are examined, each of which was produced in different locations. Similarities and differences in corrugation styles between these wares are used to investigate ceramic learning frameworks and the nature of the pottery production and distribution system.
Factors Related to Positive Changes in Perceived Health Status of Married Han Chinese and Korean-Chinese Women After Immigration to Korea
Authors: Asano Kana , Ryu Si Hyun , Chin Meejung , Yoon Jihyun
Published: December 2016

This study aimed to compare factors related to changes in perceived health status of Han Chinese (traditional Chinese) and Korean-Chinese (Chinese nationals of Korean descent) women after immigration to Korea. During summer 2013, a survey was conducted with 151 Han and 158 Korean-Chinese women married to Korean men. Most of the respondents reported either no changes (82%) or positive changes (18%) in their perceived health status after immigration. The results of the multiple logistic regression analyses indicated healthy dietary behavior was related to positive changes in the perceived health status of both groups (odds ratio [OR] = 7.4 for Han Chinese; OR = 14.6 for Korean-Chinese). Among Han Chinese women, the length of residence in Korea and the change in perceived health status showed a negative relation (OR = 0.2). In contrast, their level of acculturation and health perception were positive (OR = 7.5). However, these results did not apply to the Korean-Chinese women. In conclusion, factors related to changes in perceived health status differed between the 2 groups although they shared healthy dietary behaviors as a common factor. Therefore, policies and programs aimed at promoting immigrant women’s health should consider the differences between Han Chinese and Korean-Chinese.