bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Hybrid Composites: Integrating Carbon Fiber Tape into Glass Fiber Thermoplastics Via Automated Tape Placement Overmolding
Authors: Chahine Georges , Barakat Abdallah , White Brandon , Schwartz Benjamin , Marathe Umesh , Yeole Pritesh , Hassen Ahmed Arabi , Vaidya Uday
Published: September 2024

Long fiber thermoplastic (LFT) composites have gained significant attention in various industries due to their desirable properties, including ease of processing, recyclability, superior strength, and corrosion resistance. Glass fiber (GF) is commonly used as a reinforcing material in LFT composites, given its low cost and excellent mechanical properties. However, there are challenges associated with the existing manufacturing processes, such as fiber attrition and limitations in achieving anisotropic properties. In this study, the overmolding of glass fiber-reinforced polyphenylene sulfide long fiber thermoplastic (G-LFT) and unidirectional continuous carbon fiber/polyphenylene sulfide tape (CF-Tape) using an Automated Tape Placement (ATP) robotic system has been investigated. The aim is to explore the potential of ATP for improving the mechanical properties of LFT composites. The results reveal that the overmolding process using CF-PPS on G-LFT leads to significant enhancements in mechanical performance. An increase of 129% in the tensile properties has been achieved, along with a 192% improvement in flexural strength. The bond strength at the interface was examined through the flatwise tensile test. An adequate bond was witnessed by in the form of partial failure of the CF-tape, and 7.52 MPa ±0.34 flatwise tensile strength. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were conducted to analyze the thermal behavior of the parts. The crystallinity was calculated using DSC plot and a value of 33.4% was found. Low-velocity impact testing has been conducted to understand the dynamic behavior of G-LFT and G-LFT/CF-Tape. The impact energy absorbed was found to be similar in both cases. A numerical model was used to reduce the number of experiments. It was found that the flexural strength would improved by 60% by adding five layers of CF-Tape. In summary, this research contributes to expanding the knowledge of overmolding techniques and highlights the potential of ATP-based overmolding for for enhancing the localized strength and easily applied to intricate geometries.
Quality of Life in Patients with Malignant Wounds Treated at a Wound Care Clinic
Authors: Chen Anna , Dusza Stephen , Bromberg Jacqueline , Goldfarb Shari , Sanford Rachel , Markova Alina
Published: September 2024

Background
Malignant wounds can present in up to 14.5% of patients with advanced cancer, significantly reducing quality of life (QoL). Management of malignant wounds is generally palliative, with the goal of improving or maintaining QoL. There is a lack of data on the impact of wound care clinics on QoL in patients with malignant wounds.
Objectives
We sought to assess the QoL in patients with malignant wounds attending a wound care clinic. We also aimed to describe the baseline QoL, trends in QoL, physical symptoms, and treatment modalities that affect QoL in patients with malignant wounds over time.
Methods
This retrospective observational study included 36 patients attending a wound care clinic at an oncologic hospital from 1/1/2016–4/1/2023. As part of the standard of care, these patients complete a Skindex-16 QoL survey at each visit. The Skindex-16 is a validated instrument to measure the effects of skin diseases on QoL. Data were extracted from the electronic medical record. Descriptive statistics, graphical methods, and random effects models for change were used to describe the patient population and the QoL measures over time.
Results
Of the 36 patients who completed at least one Skindex-16 questionnaire, 69.4% were female, and 50.0% developed malignant wounds from breast cancer, 30.5% from nonmelanoma skin cancer, and 8.3% from sarcoma. At the initial visit, 86.1% of patients had exudate associated with their malignant wound, 52.7% of patients had malodor, 63.9% had bleeding, 69.4% had pain, and 50% had pruritus. The mean baseline Skindex-16 score was 54.5, falling into the “extremely severe” category, with a mean score of 15.4, 18.8, and 20.3 for the symptoms, emotions, and functioning domains, respectively. Nineteen patients completed at least one additional Skindex-16 questionnaire at follow-up visits (visit two 52.8%, visit three 33.3%, visit four 19.4%, visit five or greater 13.9%). Compared to the mean Skindex-16 score at baseline, there was an 18.5 point improvement at visit 2 (95% CI: 3.3–33.7, p = 0.018).
Conclusion
Malignant wounds severely adversely affect patients’ quality of life. However, patients experienced improved quality of life after being treated at a dedicated wound clinic.
Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Peitz Josephine , Zhong Michael , Adebamowo Clement , Adebamowo Sally N.
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a critical aspect of cancer survivorship, influenced by various social determinants of health (SDoH) such as economic stability, education access, and healthcare coverage. Understanding the impact of these determinants is essential for developing interventions that improve the well-being of cancer survivors.
Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using data from 20,534 adults with cancer, including 15,754 from the All of Us (AOU) Research Program (2015-2024) and 4,780 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001-2018). HRQoL outcomes were assessed across multiple dimensions: physical health, mental health, emotional well-being, social support, functional ability, and physical activity.
Results: Higher economic stability, education access, and healthcare coverage were significantly associated with better HRQoL outcomes in both cohorts. In the AOU cohort, those with higher family income were more likely to report very good (OR: 20.24; CI: 12.86-31.87) or excellent (OR: 33.06; CI: 20.01-54.64) quality of life. Similar trends were observed for physical and mental health. The NHANES cohort showed consistent findings. Participants with no negative SDoH factors were significantly more likely to report excellent outcomes across all HRQoL dimensions.
Conclusions and Implications for Cancer Survivors: These findings highlight the significant impact of SDoH on cancer survivors’ HRQoL and support the need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate the adverse effects of negative SDoH factors. Addressing economic, educational, and healthcare disparities is crucial for improving the long-term health and quality of life of cancer survivors.
Immunoparesis Recovery in Newly Diagnosed Transplant Ineligible Multiple Myeloma Patients, an Independent Prognostic Factor That Complements Minimal Residual Disease
Authors: Lakhwani Sunil , Mateos María Victoria , Martínez-López Joaquín , Paiva Bruno , Dachs Laura Rosiñol , Martínez Rafael , Oriol Albert , Bargay Joan , González-Montes Yolanda , Gironella Mercedes , Encinas Cristina , Martín Jesús , Jarque Isidro , Granell Miquel , Abella Eugenia , Mateo Aránzazu García , Hernández-Rivas José Ángel , Ramila Elena , Krsnik Isabel , Montero Luis Felipe Casado , Arriba Felipe , Palomera Luis , Sampol Antonia , Moraleda José María , Casanova María , Delgado Pilar , Lafuente Ana , Amutio Elena , Martínez Aurelio López , Altés Albert , Ruíz M. Ángeles , Alegre Adrián , Lopez-Anglada Lucia , Cruz Javier La , Fernández Rafael Alonso , Creixenti Joan Bladé , Lahuerta Juan-José , San-Miguel Jesús , Hernández Miguel-Teodoro
Published: September 2024

Information on the prognostic value of immunoparesis (IP) recovery in multiple myeloma (MM) patients has been only generated in some observational and retrospective studies. We have evaluated the prognostic impact of IP recovery and its association with minimal residual disease (MRD) in a series of 113 newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible (NDTI) patients, that received fix duration treatment (18 cycles of VMP/lenalidomide-dexamethasone) within the PETHEMA/GEM2010MAS65 trial and who achieved CR or VGPR. Immunoglobulin levels were measured at diagnosis, at the end of treatment (after cycle 18th ) and during subsequent follow up whereas MRD was analyzed only at the end of the treatment (after cycle 18th ). We found that patients who had IP at diagnosis and recovered it during or after treatment had longer progression free survival (PFS) [p < 0.001; HR 0.32 (0.19–0.52)] and longer overall survival (OS) [p = 0.007; HR 0.40 (0.20–0.80)] compared to those who failed to recover it. When we analyzed IP recovery in MRD negative patients, we found that those cases with IP recovery had longer PFS [p = 0.007; HR 0.31 (0.13–0.76)] and longer OS [p = 0.012; HR 0.21 (0.06–0.80)] as compared to MRD negative patients but without IP recovery. In conclusion, IP recovery confers better prognosis in NDTI-MM patients with fixed duration treatment who achieve CR or VGPR and the prognostic value of MRD can be complemented when combined with IP recovery.
Effects of mineral fertilization (NPK) on combined high temperature and ozone damage in rice
Authors: Jo So-Hye , Kim Ju-Hee , Moon Ji-Hyeon , Yang Seo-Yeong , Baek Jae-Kyeong , Song Yeong-Seo , Shon Ji-Young , Chung Nam-Jin , Lee Hyeon-Seok
Published: September 2024

Background
Increasing concern has recently been highlighted regarding crop damage due to extreme weather events caused by global warming and the increased production of ground-level ozone gas (O3). Several studies have investigated rice growth in response to fertilization conditions under various environmental stress conditions; however, studies on growth development in response to fertilization conditions under combined high-temperature/ozone treatment conditions are scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the growth and physiological development of rice under combined high temperature and ozone treatment conditions and to reveal the damage-mitigation effects of NPK fertilization treatments.
Results
The results showed that the combined high-temperature/ozone treatment appeared to promote phenological development by increasing leaf age compared to normal conditions, but had a negative effect on quantitative growth by decreasing plant height and dry weight. The effects of this combined high-temperature/ozone treatment on growth were alleviated in K-2 (K2) treatments and worsened in N-2 (N2) treatments. Visible damage symptoms in rice leaves also tended to be alleviated by the K treatment. Meanwhile to physiologically analyse the effectiveness of K2 treatment in alleviating growth injury, antioxidant and abscisic acid (ABA)-related gene expression and stomatal conductance were analysed. As in the case of growth, the results showed that K2 treatment could alleviate the damage.
Conclusion
This study confirmed the possibility of reducing combined high-temperature/ozone damage by fertilization control and is expected to be used as basic data for related studies.
Infectious outcomes of a standardized subcutaneous immunoglobulin dose reduction strategy in primary immune deficiencies amid global shortage
Authors: Moral Pedro Moral , Cabanero-Navalon Marta Dafne , León Paula López , Balastegui-Martín Héctor , Mercader Sandra Martínez , Mir Amparo , Garcia-Bustos Victor
Published: September 2024

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT), either intravenous (IVIg) or subcutaneous (SCIg), is crucial for managing primary immune deficiencies (PIDs) with hypogammaglobulinemia by reducing infection rates and mortality. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a global shortage of SCIg prompted our unit to reduce SCIg doses or maintain the same dose intravenously. This study evaluates the impact of a standardized SCIg dose reduction on infection rates and clinical outcomes in patients with PID. Adult PID patients on SCIg for at least 6 months, with IgG trough levels ≥ 700 mg/dL (or ≥ 900 mg/dL under specific conditions), and no significant infections in the past 6 months were eligible. A dose reduction of 15 mg/kg/week (60 mg/kg/month) for every 150 mg/dL above 700 mg/dL (or 900 mg/dL) was proposed. Clinical and laboratory data, and infectious events at 6- and 12-month follow-ups, were analyzed. Thirty-one patients with PID were included: common variable immunodeficiency (54.83%), IgG subclass deficiency (9.67%), and other PIDs (35.48%). The average SCIg dose was initially reduced from 7.82 g/week to 5.72 g/week and adjusted to 6.94 g/week at 12 months. There was no significant change in severe or recurrent infections before and at 6- and 12-months post-dose adjustment. The dose reduction saved an average of 5,550 euros per patient annually, totaling 172,050 euros annually for our cohort. Thus, optimizing SCIg doses in selected PIDs is feasible without increasing infection rates, conserving this plasma-derived product during shortages. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm this strategy's utility and its application to other Ig formulations.
Breast cancer recurrence in relation to mode of detection: Implications on personalized surveillance
Authors: Sartor Hanna , Hagberg Oskar , Hemmingsson Oskar , Lång Kristina , Wadsten Charlotta
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The effectiveness of current follow-up guidelines after breast cancer treatment is uncertain. Tailored surveillance based on patient age and tumor characteristics may be more adequate. This study aimed to analyze the frequency and risk factors for detecting ipsilateral locoregional recurrences (LR) and second primary breast cancers (SP) outside of scheduled surveillance in patients with recurrent breast cancer.
Methods
Patients with surgically treated early-stage breast cancer from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), 1991–2014 (n = 1080), and the Västernorrland region, 2009–2018 (n = 1648), were included. Clinical and pathological information on the primary tumor and recurrences was retrieved from medical records. The mode of recurrence detection was defined as detection within (planned) or outside (symptomatic) of scheduled surveillance.
Results
The median follow-up was 6.5 years. Overall, 461 patients experienced a recurrence. The most common initial event was distant metastasis (47%), followed by locoregional recurrence (LR) (22%) and second primary (SP) (18%). Fifty-six percent of LR and 28% of SP were identified outside of scheduled surveillance. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (under 50 years) (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.04–6.88), lymph node-positive breast cancer (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.03–4.87) and breast cancer of the HER2 positive subtype (OR 5.24, 95% CI 1.40–25.90) were correlated with higher odds of detecting a recurrence outside of planned surveillance.
Conclusion
Most recurrent events were detected outside of scheduled surveillance, particularly for locoregional recurrences. Risk-based surveillance, which takes into account patient and tumor characteristics, might be more suitable for specific patient subsets.
Risk Factors for Peripartum Hysterectomy Among Pregnancies with Suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Preoperative Obstetric Imaging Screening: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Lulu , Liu Tianjiao , Yang Yang , Li Yalan , Xiao Li , Li Xin , Wei Sumei
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy among pregnancies complicated by suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) in preoperative obstetric imaging screening.
Methods: Data were retrospectively extracted from the Longitudinal Placenta Accreta Spectrum Study (LoPASS), covering pregnancies with PAS from January 2018 to March 2023 at our institute. Patients were divided into Control and Hysterectomy groups based on whether they underwent hysterectomy. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinical characteristics were compared between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the characteristics with statistical significance to explore risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy.
Results: Among 523 pregnancies with suspected PAS, 20 underwent hysterectomy. The Hysterectomy group had a significantly higher mean age (34.50±5.05 vs. 31.66±4.43 years, p=0.005) and pre-pregnancy BMI (26.35±3.27 vs. 23.84±3.99, p=0.006). The Hysterectomy group also had a higher proportion of patients with more than 2 gravidities (100% vs. 61.6%, p=0.022) and multiple parities (90.0% vs. 39.9%, p<0.001). Higher percentages of placenta percreta (90.0% vs. 28.2%, p<0.001), placenta attaching to the anterior uterine wall (57.9% vs. 31.8%, p=0.033), and higher PAS ultrasonographic scores (11.42±2.54 vs. 6.21±2.55, p<0.0001) were observed in the Hysterectomy group. Perioperative outcomes revealed significantly longer surgical durations (171.90±49.27 vs. 53.46±24.41 minutes, p<0.001) and higher rates of preterm birth (100.0% vs. 55.3%, p<0.001). Intraoperative blood loss was also substantially greater in the Hysterectomy group (2695.00±1241.17 ml vs. 764.31±385.10 ml, p<0.001). Variables significantly associated with increased peripartum hysterectomy risk included prior cesarean sections (OR=1.44, p=0.048), placenta attaching to the anterior uterine wall (OR=0.73, p=0.015), placenta completely covering the uterine incision (OR=1.27, p=0.035), gestational hypertensive disorder (OR=1.69, p=0.042), placenta percreta (OR=2.31, p=0.032), and PAS ultrasonographic score higher than 10 (OR=2.71, p=0.008).
Conclusion: Prior cesarean sections, placenta location, gestational hypertensive disorder, placenta percreta, and a PAS ultrasonographic score higher than 10 are risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy in pregnancies with suspected PAS. This underscores the importance of early and consistent obstetric imaging examinations of the placenta and active preparation for emergency cesarean sections in such pregnancies.
Ultrafast T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Urinary Bladder using Deep Learning-Accelerated HASTE at 3 Tesla
Authors: Yan Li , Tan Qinxuan , Kohnert David , Nickel Marcel , Weiland Elisabeth , Kubicka Fleix , Jahnke Paul , Wagner Moritz , Walter-Rittel Thula Cannon
Published: September 2024

Objective
This prospective study aimed to assess the feasibility of a half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo sequence (HASTE) with deep learning (DL) reconstruction for ultrafast imaging of the bladder with reduced susceptibility to motion artifacts.
Methods
50 patients underwent pelvic T2w imaging at 3 Tesla using the following MR sequences in sagittal orientation without antiperistaltic premedication: T2-TSE (time of acquisition [TA]: 2.03-4.00 min), standard HASTE (TA: 0.65–1.10 min), and DL-HASTE (TA: 0.25–0.47 min), with a slice thickness of 3 mm and a varying number of slices (25–45). Three radiologists evaluated the image quality of the three sequences quantitatively and qualitatively.
Results
Overall image quality of DL-HASTE (5; [IQR]: 4, 5) was superior to HASTE and T2-TSE (p < .001). DL-HASTE provided the clearest bladder wall delineation, especially in the apical part of the bladder (p < .001). SNR (36.3 ± 6.3) and CNR (50.3 ± 19.7) were the highest on DL-HASTE, followed by T2-TSE (33.1 ± 6.3 and 44.3 ± 21.0, respectively; p < .05) and HASTE (21.7 ± 5.4 and 35.8 ± 17.5, respectively; p < .01). A limitation of DL-HASTE and HASTE was the susceptibility to urine flow artifact within the bladder, which was absent or only minimal on T2-TSE. Diagnostic confidence in assessment of the bladder was highest with the combination of DL-HASTE and T2-TSE (p < .05).
Conclusion
DL-HASTE allows for ultrafast imaging of the bladder with high image quality and is a promising additional sequence to T2-TSE.
Predicting Symptomatic Kidney Stones Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Insights from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)
Authors: Mahmoodi Fatemeh , Andishgar Aref , Mahmoudi Eisa , Monsef Alireza , Bazmi Sina , Tabrizi Reza
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To enhance the identification of individuals at risk of developing kidney stones, the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms has the potential by utilizing population and clinical information.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) to comprehensively analyze the factors associated with symptomatic and clinically significant kidney stone disease. After data cleaning, 10,128 participants with 103 variables were included, with one outcome variable (presence of symptomatic kidney stones) and 102 predictor variables derived from questionnaires and laboratory tests. The study investigated kidney stone factors using five ML algorithms (SVM, RF, KNN, GBM, and XGB) and compared their performance. Additionally, data balancing was achieved using the SMOTE technique, and each algorithm’s accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC) were assessed.
Results: The XGB model demonstrated the best performance, with an AUC of 0.60, while RF, GBM, SVC, and KNN achieved AUC values of 0.58, 0.57, 0.54, and 0.52, respectively. The RF, GBM, and XGB models exhibited acceptable accuracy levels, with values of 0.81, 0.81, and 0.77, respectively. Moreover, we identified the top five predictors for kidney stone prediction as serum creatinine level, salt consumption, history of hospitalization, sleep duration, and BUN level.
Conclusions: ML models have significant potential in assessing an individual's risk of painful kidney stones development and guiding early lifestyle modifications to mitigate this risk. Continued research in this area can lead to improved predictive capabilities and personalized interventions for kidney stone disease management.
Analysis of displacement and stress response of Open-web girders under close-range explosion loads
Authors: Fan Zongyuan , Ma Kejian , Wei Yanhui , Kuang Kaicong , Chen Jing , Tian Penggang , Zhao Bingzhen
Published: September 2024

Utilizing the CEL method to compare and analyze the displacement and stress response of open-web girders and solid-web girders under blast loads. The numerical simulation method and material constitutive parameters are validated by simulating existing experiments and comparing the results. 3D models of the three structures are created using Abaqus finite element software, and the simulation results are analyzed. The research findings indicate that: (1) Both open-web girders and solid-web girders exhibit similar dynamic responses under blast loads, but the joints of open-web girders are more susceptible to damage. (2) The local bending moments of the top ribs, bottom ribs, and shear key of the open-web girder have a significant influence on the overall displacement response when the shear key width is narrow, highlighting the independent beam's mechanical characteristics. However, increasing the shear key width brings the response of the open-web girder closer to that of the solid-web girder. (3) When designing the same longitudinal reinforcement, it is observed that there is a significant disparity in the horizontal stress between the reinforcement of the open-web girder and the solid-web girder. The results of this study are highly significant for understanding the response behavior of Open-web girders under explosive loads. Additionally, they can provide valuable references for engineering design and the implementation of explosion-proof measures.
Hybrid Distance-Aimed Triplet Loss for Automated Alzheimer’s Disease Classification Using Feature Embeddings
Authors: Maleki Atta , Zomorodi Mariam , Plawiak Pawel
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification utilising MRI images. Central to our methodology is a Feature Embedding Network (FEN) designed to extract and refine discriminative features essential for accurate disease classification. The FEN incorporates a hybrid distance function that integrates Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and Earth Mover’s Distance, enhancing the network’s ability to capture nuanced differences in brain structure indicative of AD progression. Through a carefully crafted triplet loss framework, the FEN is trained to optimise the embeddings of anchor, positive, and negative examples, facilitating the clustering of similar images while separating dissimilar ones. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, achieving a remarkable 94.89% accuracy on the test set, with corresponding precision, recall, and F1-score values of 91.5%, 90% and 91.5%, respectively. Comparative analyses against existing models show the superiority of our proposed method in AD classification tasks. Moreover, our study contributes to better interpretability of feature embeddings, revealing distinct patterns associated with disease stages that align with clinical diagnoses. The robustness and performance of our model highlight its potential application in the early diagnosis and monitoring of AD, offering clinicians a valuable tool for more accurate patient classification and intervention planning.
First Case Report: A Case of Severe Cholestatic Hepatitis Induced by a Novel Dual Agonist of GLP- 1 and GIP Receptors
Authors: Jiang， Junmin , Cao Minling
Published: September 2024

GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists are increasingly used in the management of T2DM and obesity due to their ability to stimulate insulin secretion, delay gastric emptying, and suppress appetite. The combination of GLP-1 and GIP agonism offers enhanced glycemic control and weight loss. Nevertheless, the advent of these novel therapies has also brought forth safety concerns, including cases of cholestatic hepatitis. The patient with obesity was prescribed a GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonist as part of their treatment regimen. Shortly after 4 dose of therapy, the patient developed symptoms of severe cholestatic hepatitis, marked by jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. While hospitalized, no causes other than the medication were identified, and a liver biopsy conclusively diagnosed drug-induced cholestatic hepatitis. This represents the first documented case, and it is intended to draw global attention.
A window into intracellular events in myositis through subcellular proteomics
Authors: Peterson Jennifer M. , Leclair Valérie , Oyebode Olumide E. , Herzallah Dema M. , Nestor-Kalinoski Andrea L. , Zahedi René P. , Alamr Mazen , DiBattista John A. , Hudson Marie
Published: September 2024

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory muscle disorders of unknown etiology. It is postulated that mitochondrial dysfunction and protein aggregation in skeletal muscle contributes to myofiber degeneration. However, molecular pathways that lead to protein aggregation in skeletal muscle are not well defined. Here we have isolated membrane-bound organelles (e.g., nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane) from muscle biopsies of normal (n = 3), IIM with mitochondrial abnormalities (IIM-mito (n = 10), and mitochondrial myopathy (n = 1) patients for global proteomic analysis using an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer. Upon unsupervised clustering, normal and mitochondrial myopathy muscle samples clustered separately from IIM-mito samples. We have confirmed previously known protein alterations in IIM and identified several new ones. For example, we found differential expression of (i) nuclear proteins that control cell division, transcription, RNA regulation, and stability, (ii) ER and Golgi proteins involved in protein folding, degradation, and protein trafficking in the cytosol, and (iii) mitochondrial proteins involved in energy production/metabolism and alterations in cytoskeletal and contractile machinery of the muscle. Our data demonstrate that molecular alterations are not limited to protein aggregations in the cytosol (inclusions) and occur in nuclear, mitochondrial, and membrane compartments of IIM skeletal muscle.
Effects of Naringenin (NG) as an anti- proliferative and anti-apoptotic factor on ER alpha and ER beta in PCOS
Authors: saremi Fardad. , Sabet Fatemeh Parvin , Nabiee Kimia , Tolouei Fatemeh , Kouchaki Kooshyar , Yasami Mahya , Soltani shaghayegh , Gorji Mona
Published: September 2024

Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of free radicals called oxidants and the ability of to defend their harmful effectsEstrogens play a significant role in the development and function of the reproduction system. The main mediators of estrogen action are two specific high affinity receptors, the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ), both of which are members of nuclear receptor superfamily and are necessary for the proper functioning of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Furthermore, while both ERα and ERβ are expressed in the human ovary, ERβ is the main type of receptor and its activation enhances folliculogenesis and ovulation.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevailing pathological status, that is extensively observed in 80% of infertile women. Methods and result: The current experimental study was performed on animal models. Estrogen and progesterone concentrations in the PCOS group decreased significantly compared to the control group. The level of gene expression and production of ER-a and ER-b proteins in the PCOS group decreased significantly. In the PCOS group, the number of atretic follicles increased significantly compared the present study investigated the effects of Naringenin as an anti- proliferative and anti-apoptotic factor on ER alpha and ER beta in PCOS patients.
Association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality: Mediation effect of parent–child relationship
Authors: Zou Chaoyi , Lu Yitong , Yao Fang , Tu Wenjuan , Jiang Kaihua , Gao Yuexia , Lu Qingyun
Published: September 2024

Background
To investigate the association between maternal stress during pregnancy, parent–child relationships, and child sleep quality and determine whether parent–child relationship mediates the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality.
Methods
This study included 4,830 mothers and their children. The mothers retrospectively reported stress during pregnancy, including negative mood and major life events that happened during pregnancy, using a four-item questionnaire. They also completed the Brigance Parent-Child Interactions Scale (BPCIS) and the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). A structural equation model was used to analyze the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality, with parent–child relationship as a mediator.
Results
Maternal stress during pregnancy was negatively associated with parent–child relationship (β = −0.41, P < 0.01), parent–child relationship was positively associated with child sleep quality (β = 0.04, P < 0.01), whereas maternal stress during pregnancy was negatively associated with child sleep quality (ß = −0.11, P < 0.01). Furthermore, parent–child relationship mediated the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality, achieving a mediation effect rate of 13.19% (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Maternal stress during pregnancy was associated with negative parent–child relationship and child sleep disorders; In addition, a good parent-child relationship was positively associated with child sleep quality. Parent–child relationship mediate the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep disorders. This finding could provide a scientific basis for developing preventive strategies to improve child sleep quality.
Macular Hole Formation Following Vitrectomy with Subretinal tPA Injection for Massive Subretinal Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Huang Dingguo
Published: September 2024

Background: Subretinal hemorrhages, particularly massive ones, are commonly observed in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can assist in clot liquefaction and facilitate hemorrhage displacement. However, this procedure has occasionally been associated with complications such as retinal detachment, recurrent subretinal hemorrhage, and macular hole formation. Herein, we present a full-thickness macular hole developed with subretinal tPA injection for massive subretinal hemorrhage in PCV.
Case presentation：
A 60-year-old female with a decade-long history of diabetes mellitus reported a sudden decrease in visual acuity in her right eye over the past month. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation was HM/10cm due to dense vitreous hemorrhage, which precluded a funduscopic examination. Preoperative B-scan ultrasonography revealed vitreous echo-density consistent with vitreous hemorrhage and an echo dense dome-shaped subretinal hemorrhage throughout the quadrant. The patient underwent combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy with subretinal injection of tPA and pneumatic displacement of the subretinal hemorrhage. On the first postoperative day, her visual acuity decreased to light perception, intraocular pressure (IOP) rose to 40 mmHg, and the anterior chamber was filled with hemorrhage. B-scan ultrasound indicated a massive vitreous hemorrhage with shallow retinal detachment, and the subretinal hemorrhage appeared displaced entirely. Given the high IOP and extensive vitreous hemorrhage, immediate additional vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade was performed. Subsequently, a small macular hole developed, with hemorrhage entering the vitreous cavity through the hole. Four months of follow-up showed complete closure of the macular hole.
Conclusions: Macular hole formation can occur following subretinal tPA injection. While the exact mechanism remains unclear, additional vitrectomy achieves macular hole closure.
The Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention in Reducing Positive and Negative Symptoms in Adolescents with Schizophrenia:
Authors:   author 1 Hamideh Zamani,   author 2 Amir Panahali,   Author 3 Abbas Bakhshipour,   Author 4 Ayyoub Malek
Published: September 2024

Background: There is limited research on cognitive-behavioral interventions for treating individuals under 18 years of age with schizophrenia using single-subject methodology.
Method: This study employed a single-case experimental design with a multiple baseline approach. The participants were three adolescents under 18 years old diagnosed with schizophrenia. They participated in the baseline, treatment, and follow-up phases sequentially. The sampling method was purposive. During the study, participants were assessed using the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) four times during the baseline phase, four times during the treatment phase, and once during the follow-up phase. Data were analyzed using graphical analysis, percentage of improvement, Cohen's d effect size, percentage of non-overlapping data (PND), and percentage of all non-overlapping data (PAND).
Results: The findings indicated a significant reduction in PANSS scores for positive and negative symptoms in all three participants after the cognitive-behavioral intervention, compared to the baseline scores.
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in treating schizophrenia in adolescence, both during the intervention and follow-up phases.
Consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health—The moderating effect of household wealth
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Usman , Khatir Abdul Ghani , Quan BaoJiang
Published: September 2024

Consanguineous marriages are prevalent in many societies especially in Asia and Africa, and are linked to various child nutritional health problems. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health in Pakistan, and the moderating effect of wealth status on this relationship. Data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) conducted in 2017–2018 were utilized. The sample includes 15,671 households, with 63.73% reporting consanguineous marriages. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the adjusted and unadjusted effect of consanguineous marriages and on children's nutritional health, and the moderating effect of household wealth was examined between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health. The results revealed that consanguineous marriages were associated with increased odds of child wasting {OR 1.84(1.42–2.37)}, stunting {OR 1.23(1.08–1.41)}, and underweight {OR 1.61(1.38–1.88)}. While adjusted odds of stunting {AOR 1.03(0.90–1.19)} remain insignificant, the association between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health was negatively moderated by household wealth. The study highlights the adverse impact of consanguineous marriages on child nutritional health, and the moderating effect of household wealth on child nutritional health. Efforts should be made to raise awareness about the health risks associated with consanguinity and promote interventions to improve child nutrition in consanguineous unions regardless of wealth status.
JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitors for leukemia therapeutic potential : a systematic review on in vitro literatures
Authors: Karimi Zahed , Shahvari Samira Zakeri , Ghasemi Katayoon , Faridpour Amir Abbas , Baradaran Mohammad Amin , Satarzadeh Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Background Janus kinases (JAKs), signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (STATs) is a main signaling pathway in the immune system, autoimmune disease and in many malignancies such as leukemia. Limiting this signaling pathway has so far been investigated in the treatment of some diseases such as lymphoma, and in this systematic review, we will investigate the role of this type in leukemia. Method This systematic review was written based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria and the principle of non-bias was respected. All the articles from 2014–2024 were extracted from Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases. We extracted the extracting inhibitors, related immunity elements, JAK/STAT kind, side signaling pathway. Results Three authors searched the database, after screening full texts, 17 articles were included. 15 inhibitory drugs for the JAK/STAT pathway were extracted in studies, which inhibit this signaling pathway in vitro and in cultured human leukemic cells. The most signaling pathways in leukemia were limited to STAT 5 and STAT 3, which were inhibited by Thymoquinone, Ritanserin, Dactocilib and Ruxolitinib. On the other hand, leukemic cells act exclusively through the JAK 2 pathway, which was specifically inhibited by Ruxolitinib and AG490. Increased apoptosis of leukemic cells and decreased cell survival was the result of monotherapy and multitherapy of these inhibitors in the studies available to us. Conclusion Inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway is associated with the reduction of leukemic cell growth and apoptosis of these types of cells, which seems to be a great therapeutic potential for clinical studies in all types of leukemia. We suggest that future studies investigate this type of treatment especially in children and evaluate our results.
N-glycosylation of GSTO1 promotes cervical cancer migration and invasion through JAK/STAT3 pathway activation
Authors: Yu Panpan , Zhao Zouyu , Sun Qianyu , Diao Bowen , Sun Chongfeng , Wang Yan , Qiao Hui , Li Hong , Yang Ping
Published: September 2024

Background Protein glycosylation is strongly associated with tumor progression. Glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) is a member of the glutathione S-transferase family. The significance of GSTO1 N-glycosylation in the progression of cervical cancer (CC) has remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of GSTO1 N-glycosylation in CC progression. Methods We employed immunohistochemistry to detect the relative expression of evaluating the link between GSTO1 in CC and benign tissues and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in CC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments to detect CC cell proliferation or metastatic ability after GSTO1 downregulation. NetNGly1.0 Server database predicts potential N-glycosylation modification sites of GSTO1 (Asn55, Asn135, Asn190). Investigating GSTO1 N-glycosylation's function in cellular migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we mutated the N-glycosylation sites of GSTO1 through lentivirus-based insertional mutagenesis. Detection of signalling pathways associated with N-glycosylation-modified GSTO1 by enrichment analysis and Western blot. Results Compared to normal cervical tissue, CC tissue showed significantly higher GSTO1 expression. Further, high GSTO1 levels were a poor predictor of OS and PFS. Both cell and animal experiments suggested that down-regulation of GSTO1 inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis. Glycosylation modification of targeted mutant GSTO1 at positions 55, 135 and 190 significantly inhibits migration and invasion of CC cells. GSTO1 N-glycosylation fixed point mutation inhibits EMT process in CC cells. Mechanistically, N-glycosylated GSTO1 promoted the expression of JAK/STAT3 pathway related markers. Conclusions GSTO1 N-glycosylation is associated with CC progression and may promote EMT via JAK/STAT3 signaling.
Clinical and molecular investigation of Acute Haemorrhagic Conjunctivitis outbreak in North India
Authors: Thakur Anchal , Sharma Deepanjli , Singh Mini P , Chauhan Poonam , Shah Aryan , Angra Vani , Ghosh Arnab , Chintan Malhotra , Goyal Kapil , Gupta Amit
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The study aims to investigate an outbreak of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) reported in North India.
Methods
All patients presenting to the outpatient clinic department with signs and symptoms (symptoms onset within 36 hours) of AHC were enrolled in the study. The conjunctival swab samples were tested for the presence of enteroviruses and adenoviruses. Detailed clinical features of all positive patients were noted. Representative enterovirus-positive samples were sequenced for viral; protein 1 (VP1) gene for type identification. The sequences were analysed by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) software and enterovirus genotyping tool v1.0. A maximum likelihood tree was constructed using MEGA11.
Results
Out of 133 samples tested, 75.1% (n = 100) samples were positive for enterovirus by real-time PCR. The average duration of onset was 16.9 hours. Subconjunctival haemorrhage was observed in 67% of the patients, while 30% of cases had conjunctival chemosis. The causative agent of the current outbreak was identified as Coxsackievirus A24v G-IV. A sequence homology of 96–99% and pairwise distance divergence of 2.9% was observed between study sequences and recent sequences of China outbreak. Mutation analysis showed four common mutations (T281C, A311G, T332C, and T395C) with those of Chinese sequences, however no new mutations were identified in current study sequences, suggesting a close relatedness to CVA24 sequences from China.
Conclusions
Coxsackievirus A24v continues to be an important agent of Acute Haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in North India. In view of its highly contagious nature, effective and timely public health measures are required to limit its spread.
Prognostic Role Of Naples Prognostic Score In Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Han Zhaohui , Wang Zengming , Zhao Chunyan , Zhang Xiaopeng , Niu Zhancong , Zhao Qingtao , Duan Guochen
Published: September 2024

Purpose:The prognostic value of the Naples prognostic score in lung cancer remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of relevant published studies to determine the prognostic value of the Naples prognostic score in patients with lung cancer.Methods:We conducted a systematic search of relevant studies in PubMed, Ovid, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Data and characteristics of each study were extracted and hazard ratios (HRs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate effects. A meta-regression analysis was used to assess the prognostic value of the Naples Prognostic Score in patients with lung cancer.Results:A total of 1691 patients from six studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a combined HR of 3.357 (95% CI: 1.964-5.738, p=0.000); the results suggest that a high Naples Prognostic Score predicts a shorter overall survival (OS) for patients.Conclusion:This meta-analysis suggests that a high Naples Prognostic Score may be a predictor of poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Further large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Microalgae as Feed: Growth, Improvement and Filtration Efficiency of Green Mussel (Perna viridis) spat
Authors: Islam Zahidul , Hasan Jakia , Rahman Turabur , Aktaruzzaman Md. , Rahman Shafiqur , Tanu Mohosena Begum
Published: September 2024

Green mussel aquaculture is increasing day by day. This culture is mostly dependent on the use of natural seed/spat while some use of spat from hatcheries is also reported. The use of hatchery spat is more convenient where spat rearing with suitable feed in in-situ environment ensure quality spat production with maximum survival. So this study was designed to determine the efficacy and suitability of indigenous microalgae (Nannochloropsis sp., Isochrysis sp. and Tetraselmis sp.) as feed for Perna viridis spat production in hatchery condition. Result shows the mean survival rate was highest in the Isochrysis sp. fed spat (71.33 ± 1.52%), although it didn’t differ significantly among dietary treatment. In case of filtration and ingestion rate, Tetraselmis sp. fed spat had the highest filtration rate of 0.997 ± 0.02 mL/spat/h where Nannochlorpsis sp. fed spat had the highest ingestion rate of 7.99 × 106 ± 1.16 cells/spat/h. In case of growth, spat fed with Isochrysis had higher shell weight (0.23 ± 0.014 g), length (9.53 ± 0.34 mm), width (4.73 ± 0.22 mm) and depth (2.08 ± 0.05 mm) where the Nannochloropsis sp. diet showed the lowest growth. However, the data were not significantly different among each other in case of shell width and depth. Similarly, spat fed with Isochrysis sp. had higher instantaneous relative growth rate (0.00541 ± 0.0007 µm/day) than other two species. The result of the study showed that, all the three selected microalga diets can significantly affect the performance of the spat of green mussel but indicated the enhanced growth with Isochrysis sp. fed larvae. The output of the study will provide a better understanding in case of appropriate food selection in case of green mussel spat to improve their production in captivity.
Should lymphadenectomy be recommended in radical surgery of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients? A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Ruoyu , Yang Min , Chen Bo , Ye Feng , Huang Ning , Liu Mei , Wang Liming
Published: September 2024

Purpose Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an extremely deadly cancer with high recurrence incidence, particularly in patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM). The necessity of lymphadenectomy including lymph node biology (LNB) and dissection (LND) during ICC radical surgery remains debate.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the patients diagnosed with ICC and underwent radical surgery at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2012 to 2023.Results A total of 308 ICC patients were involved in this study. pLNM + group had poorer OS (P < 0.0001) and poorer DFS (P < 0.0001) compared with pLNM- group. Compared to the LN- group, LN + group exhibited worse OS (P = 0.038) and worse DFS (P = 0.003). After PSM and IPTW, compared with LN- group, LNB exhibited longer operation time (all P < 0.05) and longer hospitalization days (all P < 0.05) with no significant differences in complications, DFS, and OS. Compared with LN- group, LND group had no better DFS and OS, only more complications (all P < 0.05), longer operation time (all P < 0.001), higher risk of bleeding (all P < 0.05), transfusion (IPTW: P = 0.027) and longer hospitalization days (IPTW: P = 0.0006). Compared with LNB group, LND had longer operation time (P = 0.0227), higher risk of bleeding (P = 0.032) and transfusion (P = 0.019), and more postoperative complications (P = 0.02), with no difference in DFS and OS.Conclusion LND only achieves the effect of LNB while negatively affects postoperative recovery without survival benefit for ICC patients. LND is not recommended while standardizing LNB is recommended as a routine operation during the radical surgery of ICC patients.