bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mekanisme Fetch dan Execute pada Sistem Kinerja Control Processing Unit
Authors: Ikhsan M Maulana , Wati Citra Mirna , Ashari Muhammad Yusuf , Fauzan Abd. Charis
Published: February 2021

Tujuan pembuatan Jurnal ini adalah untuk mengetahui fungsi komponen-komponen CPU dan untuk mengetahui mekanisme CPU serta kinerja komputer saat melakukan proses instruksi. Dengan menggunakan metode fetch dan execute. Fungsi komputer di bentuk oleh eksekusi progam, progam yang di eksekusi berisi intruksi yang disimpan di memori, CPU melakukan tugas dengan cara mengeksekusi progam, sederhananya dengan mengolah intruksi yang terdiri dari 2 yaitu, intruksi fetch CPU, lalu CPU mengksekusi intruksi. Proses fetch dan eksekusi itulah cara untuk mengeksekusi progam, Untuk intruksi tunggal di perlukan pengolahan yang disebut siklus intruksi, dari riset yang dilakukan dan dari sumber-sumber yang telah di dapatkan memperoleh cara atau metode untuk melakukan eksekusi memory dan untuk melakukannya menggunakan tabel eksekusi program untuk mengatahuinya. Hasil dari metode yang  di dapatkan itu sendiri adalah dari eksekusi progam yang terdapat pada komputer saat ini. CPU adalah komponen yang penting sebagai pengolah data berdasarkan intruksi di sistem komputer. Kesimpulannya fungsi CPU menjalankan progam yang disimpan dari dalam memori utama caranya adalah intruksi diambil, di uji dan dieksekusi satu persatu sesuai alurnya, sederhananya saja dari proses eksekusi progam dengan mengambil intruksi pengolah data yang terdiri dari dua langkah, yaitu operasi pembacaan instruksi (fetch) dan operasi pelaksanaan instruksi (execute).
Editorial in English
Authors: Kamal Abdulaziz Abdelrahman
Published: February 2021

In midst of the tribulations inflicted on humanity by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Journal of Educational Sciences continues undeterred in its mission to be a platform for knowledge sharing, regionally and internationally. This issue includes seven meticulously selected research articles on education and educational psychology, from various subfields and schools of thought. The first article, investigates “The Effect of a Guidance Program based on Creative Thinking Strategies in Developing Career Planning Skills among Academically Gifted Tenth Grade Students.” The second article examines “The Effectiveness of a computerized Program Using the Interactive Whiteboard to Develop Reading Fluency Skills for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Second Episode in the Sultanate of Oman.” The third article examines “The Effect of a Training Program in Developing the Pragmatic Language Skills in a Sample of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jordan.” The fourth article presents a view on “The Role of School Administration towards Enhancing the Intellectual Security of Students in Muscat in the Sultanate of Oman.” The fifth article examines “Parental involvement in Kindergarten, from Teachers’ and Educational Supervisors’ Perspective in the State of Kuwait.” The sixth article observes “The Effect of Arabic Diacritics on Rapid Naming of Fourth Grade Students with and without Reading Disabilities in The Sultanate of Oman.” The final article examines “The Psychometric Properties of HEXACO-60 Inventory for the Six Personality Factors on School and University Students in the Sultanate of Oman.”We call on Arab researchers around the globe and all researchers in the MENA region to consider this magazine as one of their primary choices for publication. We take pride in the quality, diversity, and rigorous arbitration in this endeavor so that the Journal of Educational Sciencesremains - as it has always been - a distinguished educational journal, which can be trusted for its scope and quality.
Türkiye-İran İlişkilerinde Bölgesel Krizler ve Fırsatlar: Son Dönem Gelişmeleri Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Küntay Burak
Published: February 2021

Türkiye ve İran, iki kadim medeniyetin kurduğu devletler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Her iki devlet de gerek günümüz gerek geçmiş göz önüne alındığında bölgesel güç niteliğindedir. Bu makalemizde ele alınan hususlar; iki devletin tarihsel olarak ilk temaslarından başlayarak, dönüm noktası olarak kabul edilebilecek olayları inceleyip günümüze ulaştırabilmek ve bugünkü ilişkilerin dinamiklerine ışık tutmaktır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ve Safevi Devleti’nin ilişkilerine değinmeden önce; Türk milletinin, İran coğrafyasını bir göç yolu olarak kullanması iki kültürün harmanlanmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Sonrasında ise bu çalışma Osmanlı-Safevi ilişkilerindeki Sünni-Şii çatışmasına da değinmiştir. Bu bağlamda Cumhuriyet sonrası ilişkilerde Şah Rıza’nın etkilerini ve politikalarını inceleyerek devletlerin denge unsurlarına dikkat çekilmiştir. Soğuk Savaş’ın etkilerinden bahsedilmiş ve İslam Devrimi’nden sonra radikal bir anlayışa bürünen İran’ın içinde bulunduğu bölgesel müdahaleler göz önüne alınarak 11 Eylül saldırılarından sonra çıkmaza giren ilişkiler aydınlığa kavuşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkiye-İran ilişkilerinin Ortadoğu’daki karşılığının neler olduğu, hangi bölgelerde nasıl hareket edildiği anlatılarak okurlara bilgilendirici ve detaylara inmekten kaçınılmadan bir akış sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Original method of posterior aortoplasty for aortic valve replacement in cases with narrow aortic ostium
Authors: Popov V. V. , Bolshak O. O.
Published: February 2021

132 patients with isolated aortic valve disease with narrow aortic ostium who underwent surgery in the Institute from 1 May 2009 to 01 Jan 2019 are included in the study group. Among 132 patients, 6 died at the hospital stage (hospital mortality – 4.5%). There were no negative remarks to the surgical technique in any case. Changes in echo data during the hospital stay: systolic pressure gradient across the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) before operation was 105.1±11.5 mmHg, with 25.9±4.1 mmHg on the aortic prosthesis upon discharge. Reconstruction of the root and ascending aorta according to the proposed method in cases of aortic hypoplasia and aortic valve replacement (AVR) is highly effective intervention.

The purpose of this research is to study possibilities of a new approach to the reconstruction of the root and ascending aorta in AVR.
Serbia on its way to EU membership – the remaining challenges and obstacles
Authors: Petrovic Milenko
Published: February 2021

Fifteen years after the European Union (EU) promised all the Western Balkan states an EU future by adopting the Thessaloniki agenda in 2003,1 Croatia is the only Western Balkan state to have succeeded in joining. Although Croatia’s journey to EU accession was not quick and smooth (especially when compared with that of its ex- communist counterparts from East Central Europe and the Baltics who joined in 2004 and 2007), Serbia and other Western Balkan neighbours of Croatia have had an even harder and (much) bumpier road to the EU. Western Balkan accession had been effectively stalled for several years due to the emergence of enlargement fatigue in the mid-2000s. It was briefly re-activated with Croatia’s accession and the launch of the so-called Berlin Process in 2014 (Juncos and Whitman, 2015; Petrovic and Wilson 2018; and Mtchedlishvili, 2018 in this Special Issue). However, the accession process stalled again in 2016 and early 2017 with the shock of Brexit and the migration crisis. As of 2018, Western Balkan accession has returned to a prominent place on the EU enlargement agenda.
Is there a room for optimism for the near-future enlargement of the European Union?
Authors: Mtchedlishvili Daviti
Published: February 2021

The sense of optimism for the enlargement of the European Union in the near-future has been evaporating. A new strategy paper on EU enlargement which was issued by the European Commission in February 2018 seems to still be based on a ‘fatigue from expansion’ approach to enlargement, even though it states that Serbia and Montenegro ‘could potentially be ready for membership [by] 2025’. This paper discusses the bumpy road the Western Balkan states have faced towards EU accession from the early 2000s to the present day. In addition to more challenging domestic political and economic conditions, these states have also been required to meet tougher and more variable accession conditions in comparison to the post-communist states that joined the EU in and after 2004. The inconsistency and vagueness of the EU approach to the accession of the Western Balkan states remains the most important factor behind the continued postponements of their accession dates.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PIRDOT (Saurauia vulcani Korth) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Mayasari Ulfayani
Published: February 2021

Pirdot is a plant that has been widely used by people to treat various diseases. Pirdot leaves extract contain of flavonoids which have antibacterial Substances. This research has a purpose to determine the activity of pirdot leaves extract (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) inhibit to  bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This research uses an experimental method that are the maceration extraction method and testing the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. Result of the research was found that the inhibition area of pirdot leaves extract against Bacillus subtilis bacteria that have some clear zone  were 8.66 mm, 9.43 mm, 9.90 mm, 10.97 mm and 11.66 mm. Pirdot leaves can inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.

Keywords: Pirdot leaf, Bacillus subtilis, antibacterial.
UJI BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA AIR SUNGAI PIAM DI KECAMATAN SIRAPIT KABUPATEN LANGKAT
Authors: Anggara Ari
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the presence of Escherichia coli bacterial contamination in Piam River Water. The method used in this study is to use the Purpose Sampling observation method with three station points and three replications and the results are read in the MPN table. The results showed that the presence of Escherichia coli bacterial contamination in Piam River water with the lowest MPN yield was 38 CFU and the highest was 1100 CFU. The average MPN value on Escherichia coli bacterial contamination at station 1 in the morning was 59 CFU and afternoon was 111 CFU. Station 2 in the morning 128 CFU and afternoon 303 CFU. And at station 3 in the morning 92 CFU and afternoon 886 CFU.
IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PELARUT POSFAT PADA RIZOSFER UBI JALAR VARIETAS RANCING SELAMA FASE PERTUMBUHAN
Authors: Nasution Rizki Amelia
Published: February 2021

Cilembu Sweet Potato is one type of sweet potato that is typical in the West Java area precisely in the Cilembu village or Sumedang. Cilembu sweet potato has a typical characteristic that is taste like honey if it fermentation and then roasted. Rizospheric bacteria with the ability of phosphate solvents are one of the factors supporting growth in plants. The research aims to identify Rhizosphere bacteria in Cilembu sweet potato roots which have the ability as phosphate solvents at two locations during the growth phase. The study was conducted with qualitative by testing the biochemical characteristics and ability of phosphate solvents. The result of this research show that Rhizosphere bacteria with the ability of phosphate solvents at the location of Cilembu (LCI) and Jatinangor (LJA) are not significantly different. In LCI, 12 isolates were obtained and in LJA 7 isolates were obtained. So that it can be concluded that the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria can be influenced by the characteristics of the soil and the growth phase.

Keywords: Cilembu yam, Rizosphere bacteria, phosphate solvent
KAJIAN PEMBERIAN SISA PENGGILINGAN PADI DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Rahmadina Rahmadina
Published: February 2021

Green mustard plants (Brassica rapa var. Parachinensis L.) are plants that have a source of vitamins and minerals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of rice grinder and liquid organic fertilizer on the vegetative growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.), to determine the effect of a mixture of Giving POC with plant growth on mustard plants and to determine the effect of a combination of POC and planting media mixture on the growth of mustard plants. This research was conducted in February to May 2020, Jalan Ekarasmi gg. ekanusa in the Kelurahan Gedung Johor, Medan Johor District, Medan City with a height of ± 30 m above sea level using a Random Factorial design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications. The results showed that the POC concentration did not show a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, wet weight and chlorophyll of mustard plants, but visually the highest results were obtained at P2 treatment (30 cc / L water ) followed by P1 (15 cc / L water) and the lowest in P0 treatment (without POC), the planting media mixture showed a very significant effect on plant height at 7 and 14 HST and had no significant effect on all other observation variables. The highest yield was obtained in the treatment of M0 (Top Soil Soil) followed by M1 (Top Soil and Rice Husk Mixture) and M3 (Top Soil and Rice bran Mixture) and the lowest in M2 (Top Soil and Bran Soil) mixture, POC and the planting media mixture showed a very significant effect on the plant height variable at 14 HST and the amount of chlorophyll at harvest and had no significant effect on other variables. The best results were obtained on M3 P2 (Top Soil and Rice bran Mixture; P2 (POC concentration of 30 cc / L water).)
Keywords: leftover rice mill, liquid organic fertilizer, mustard plant, vegetable pesticide.
Виникнення стилів "байкер" і "рокер" у сучасній світовій моді
Authors: Крічлоу К. В. , Колосніченко О. В. , Струмінська Т. В. , Процик Б. О. , Касс Б. В.
Published: February 2021

Study of the prerequisites of the emergence of Bikers and Rockers archetypes and their influence on the formation of corresponding subcultures and the direction of independent world fashion styles. The work uses a historical analysis and a visual-analytical method based on illustrative publications to study the artistic and compositional features of rider's clothing. Based on the scientific works of K. Jung, the influence of the collective unconscious on the process of the emergence of "bikers" and "rockers" subcultures are determined. The prerequisites at the inception of these styles were considered, the development of rider's clothing formation in world and Soviet’s fashion as artistic objects was studied, and the manifestations of compositional expressiveness were analysed. Scientific novelty consists in systematization of factors of occurrence of the classical biker style as an independent world fashion stream. Archetypical "bikers" and "rockers" have been identified and classified as part of subcultures and as a model of instinctive behaviour that exist in the collective unconscious. The practical significance consists in the analysis and theoretical generalization of materials that can be used in further applied scientific research of youth subcultures. The results are promising for further study of the influence of socially synthesized art on the clothing of drivers of motorized vehicles and on general trends in the development of world fashion.
ПРОЕКТНО-ОБРАЗНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КОСТЮМА ЕПОХИ «ДИКОГО ЗАХОДУ» ТА ЙОГО ВПЛИВ НА СУЧАСНІ МОДНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Чупріна Н. В. , Давиденко І. В. , Кудрявцева Н. І. , Данилюк О. В.
Published: February 2021

Purpose. Identification patterns of evolution of the design image of the cowboy in the crisis of masculinity in popular culture during the twentieth century and its impact on modern fashion trends. Methodology. Literary-analytical and comparative methods of research of the original source are used to determine the aesthetic, design and artistic characteristics of the image; stylistic and compositional analysis of modern fashion trends based on the adaptation of the design characteristics of the image of a cowboy in the design of the suit is committed. Results.It is established that the image and symbol of the cowboy in world culture has a significant impact on the trends of men's and women's fashion both during the twentieth century and today. This influence is due to a number of social, economic and environmental factors, the coherence of which creates an aesthetic and figurative need to return the image of the cowboy as a role model in society and as a symbol in culture, art and design. The principles of introduction of artistic and compositional components of the image of a cowboy in modern collections of a suit in a segment of mass fashion are characterized. The means of spreading the idea of smart consumerism and renovation of textiles in the design of fashionable clothes are determined. Based on the pre-project analysis, the figurative and artistic interest in the adaptation of the properties of clothing in the style of "western" to the formation of the individual wardrobe of the consumer is determined. The design concept is formed and the structure of the corresponding collection for wide layers of consumers of clothes as a product of fashion is developed. The scientific novelty. Identification of the main design and artistic characteristics of the historical costume of the Wild West and their transformation in the development of image-compositional structure of the costume in modern fashion. The elements of sign-information stylistics of this project image are revealed and their influence on modern fashion tendencies in both men's and women's fashion is determined. Approaches to the design and artistic modeling of women's clothing as a fashion product based on the renovation of textile products are identified. The practical value. The significance is due to the possibility of using the results of research in the design of clothing for men and women in retro and eco-style "western", taking into account current fashion trends, as well as the ability to predict the further development of the cowboy image in mass culture and its influence on fashion trends
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДЕКОНСТРУКТИВІЗМУ В КОЛЕКЦІЯХ ЯПОНСЬКИХ ДИЗАЙНЕРІВ ОДЯГУ КІНЦЯ ХХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХІ СТОЛІТЬ
Authors: Шевчук Х. І.
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The goal of this paper was to discover the main deconstruction in Japanese clothes designers creativity, methods of garment constructions, design and compositional features of fashion deconstruction. Methodology is based on system informative and visual analytical methods. Structural analysis of modification of compositional elements and method of comparative and historical analysis were used. Results. The paper describes basic principles and techniques of deconstruction in clothing design. The design and compositional features of deconstruction (shape, silhouette, construction, plastic, texture, decor, coloristic solution) in the works of Japanese clothing designers are determined. The basic principles of deconstruction in the works of Rey Kawakubo, Issey Miyake, Yohji Yamamoto are systematized and generalized, the combinations of features are inherent in each of the designers, their common and distinctive features are analyzed. Scientific novelty of the research is determined in definition and systematization of the main design and compositional features of deconstruction in clothing design. The basic principles of deconstruction in the collections of Japanese clothing designers are analyzed, the importance of the conceptual component of their work is emphasized. Practical significance. The systematic analysis of characteristics of clothes design deconstruction allows to use new interpretations and projecting unique clothes collections. The paper materials are supposed to be used in scientific research on deconstruction.
ЮРІЙ КРИВДІН – МАЛОВІДОМЕ ІМ’Я УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ГРАФІЧНОГО ДИЗАЙНУ 1920–30-х рр.
Authors: Будник А. В.
Published: February 2021

Purpose: organize and analyze the legacy of a little-known artist, make an attempt to collect biographical data, trace the relationship of creative principles with world trends in graphic design of that period. Methodology. Historical-comparative and art-scientific methods of analysis were used for the research. Results. During the 1920s and 1930s, Ukrainian magazine graphics underwent a final transformation from the aesthetics of modern and eclecticism to the style of constructivism, which called for the work of masters of a new type of graphic thinking, such as Yuriy Kryvdin. The investigation for the first time analyzed the activities of a little-known representative of Ukrainian constructivism – Yuriy Kryvdin, who worked in the field of magazine graphics and layout, collage, book design. The influences of world tendencies of graphic design on creativity of the master, typology of imitation are investigated. Samples of the artist's autographs were collected and the publishing spheres to which the artist made efforts were systematized. His literary activity and its connection with artistic creativity are briefly reviewed. Scientific novelty.As for Kryvdin, there was no art criticism in the professional literature. For the first time, the sources that influenced the creative style of the master are highlighted, as well as the spheres of his activity are systematized. Practical significance. With the development of Ukrainian culture in the paradigm of an independent state, the importance of opening the little-known pages of the formation of national design, which gave the foundation of modern art.
Биофармацевтическое исследование инъекционной лекарственной формы нового антиагрегантного вещества 3-метил-8-(пиперазин-1-ил)-7-(тиетан-3-ил)-1-этил-1H-пурин-2,6(3H,7H)-диона гидрохлорида
Authors: Смирнова Людмила Андреевна , Спасов Александр Алексеевич , Халиуллин Феркат Адельзянович , Кучерявенко Аида Фатиховна , Рябуха Анна Федоровна , Абрамов Олег Константинович
Published: February 2021

Проведен сравнительный анализ фармакокинетических параметров субстанции и инъекционной лекарственной формы нового антиагрегантного лекарственного вещества 3-метил-8-(пиперазин-1-ил)-7-(тиетан-3-ил)-1-этил-1H-пурин-2,6(3H,7H)-диона гидрохлорида в плазме крови кроликов при внутривенном введении. Определен коэффициент относительной биодоступности, равный 0,97.
Антипролиферативная активность продуктов циклизации 1-(2-оксоциклогексил)этан-1,1,2,2-тетракарбонитрила с α,β-непредельными альдегидами
Authors: Марьясов Максим Андреевич , Давыдова Вера Владимировна , Насакин Олег Евгеньевич , Тафеенко Виктор Александрович
Published: February 2021

Исследована антипролиферативная активность ранее полученных 3-R-6-имино-2,7-диоксабицикло[3.2.1]октан-4,4,5-трикабонитрилов на 59 клеточных линиях, полученных из опухолей легких, толстой кишки, мозга, яичников, почек, предстательной железы, молочной железы, а также лейкоза и меланомы человека. Наиболее выраженный эффект наблюдается в отношении клеточных линий рака крови — лейкемии. Сила действия соединений и специфичность к определенным типам клеток напрямую связана с характером заместителя в положении 3 2,7-диоксабицикло[3.2.1]октанового ядра. Соединения с кратной связью и алкильным радикалом оказывают более выраженное цитотоксическое действие. Соединение, содержащее остаток кумарина, проявляет высокую активность, превышающую таковую препаратов сравнения (дакарбазин, цисплатин), в отношении клеточных линий рака почек.
Синтез и антихламидийная активность замещенных N-бензиланилинов
Authors: Луйксаар Сергей Игоревич , Капотина Лидия Николаевна , Моргунова Елена Юрьевна , Луйксаар Светлана Владимировна , Федина Елена Дмитриевна , Зигангирова Наиля Ахатовна
Published: February 2021

Синтезированы 11 замещенных N-бензиланилинов и изучена их антихламидийная активность. На основе одного из соединений-лидеров 2-диэтиламиноэтилового эфира 4-(2-гидроксибензиламино)бензойной кислоты получена его водорастворимая солянокислая соль, обладающая низкой цитотоксичностью и высокой антихламидийной активностью, что позволяет рассматривать гидрохлорид 2-диэтиламиноэтилового эфира 4-(2-гидроксибензиламино)бензойной кислоты как перспективный препарат для лечения хламидийных инфекций.
Усовершенствованный метод синтеза п-аминосалициловой кислоты на органометаллических катализаторах
Authors: Абдуллаев Махрам Гасанович
Published: February 2021

Предложен усовершенствованный метод синтеза п-аминосалициловой кислоты (ПАСК) гидрированием п-нитросалициловой кислоты в присутствии органометаллических палладиевых и никелевых катализаторов в мягких условиях. Их свойства сопоставлены с классическими гетерогенными аналогами, которые используются в современном фармацевтическом производстве. Показано, что органометаллические катализаторы существенно превосходят по стабильности, селективности и активности свои гетерогенные аналоги. Разработанный метод каталитического синтеза п-аминосалициловой кислоты может рассматриваться как альтернативный существующим, экологически эффективный, соответствующий основным критериям «зеленой химии» способ получения ПАСК.
Влияние пропранолола, небиволола и карведилола на показатели легочной микрогемодинамики в эксперименте
Authors: Евлахов Вадим Иванович , Поясов И. З. , Березина Т. П. , Овсянников В. И.
Published: February 2021

В условиях перфузии изолированных легких кроликов изучали изменения показателей легочной микрогемодинамики (давление в легочной артерии, легочное сосудистое сопротивление, пре- и посткапиллярное (венозное) сопротивления, капиллярное гидростатическое давление, коэффициент капиллярной фильтрации) в ответ на применение блокатора β1,2-адренорецепторов пропранолола, блокатора β1-адренорецепторов небиволола и комбинированного блокатора α1- и β1,2-адренорецепторов карведилола. В случае применения пропранолола и небиволола большинство исследуемых показателей микроциркуляции легких возрастало в среднем на 30 % (p < 0,05) в результате усиления активации α1,2-адренорецепторов легочных артериальных и венозных сосудов, обусловленной нейрогенными адренергическими влияниями. При этом коэффициент капиллярной фильтрации повышался на 25 % (p < 0,05) вследствие увеличения пре- и посткапиллярного сопротивлений и капиллярного гидростатического давления. Карведилол оказывал преимущественное сосудорасширяющее влияние на артерии легких, (прекапиллярное сопротивление уменьшалось на 29 % (p < 0,05)). Сопротивление легочных венозных сосудов и капиллярное гидростатическое давление в ответ на применение указанного препарата повышались соответственно на 38 % (p < 0,05) и 19 % (p < 0,05) в результате сохранившейся симпатической активации α2-адренорецепторов легочных вен, однако коэффициент капиллярной фильтрации не изменялся, по-видимому, вследствие уменьшения прекапиллярного сопротивления.
Динамика психотропных эффектов циклопролилглицина у мышей BALB/C и C57Bl/6 в зависимости от продолжительности его введения
Authors: Васильева Екатерина Валерьевна , Абдуллина Алия Анвяровна , Салимов Рамиз Меджидович , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Ковалёв Георгий Иванович
Published: February 2021

Изучено влияние одно- и двухнедельного введения циклопролилглицина (ЦПГ, 1 мг/кг/день, в/б) на поведенческие характеристики мышей BALB/c и C57Bl/6 в тесте «Закрытый крестообразный лабиринт». У мышей линии BALB/c в течение 1-й недели развивался анксиолитический эффект, постепенно исчезающий ко 2-й неделе введения ЦПГ. Изменений когнитивных функций не отмечено в течение всего времени эксперимента. У мышей линии C57Bl/6 при одно- и двухнедельном введении ЦПГ эти показатели оставались неизмененными. По этим, а также по полученным ранее результатам исследований поведения мышей в тесте «Вынужденное плавание» (для линии BALB/c) и тесте «Подвешивание за хвост» (для линии C57Bl/6) была прослежена временная динамика проявления исследовательской, анксиолитической и антидепрессивноподобной активности ЦПГ. Показано, что у мышей BALB/c к 7-му дню развивается максимум анксиолитического эффекта, который в течение последующих 3-х недель замещается монотонно нарастающим антидепрессивноподобным эффектом, выходящим на плато уже ко 2-й неделе. У мышей C57Bl/6 лишь к концу 4-й недели наблюдения формировалось антидепрессивноподобное поведение.
Thuyết “cái vòng luẩn quẩn” và “cú huých từ bên ngoài” của Samuelson và thực tiễn hoạt động đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài tại Việt Nam
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Bài viết đề cập đến học thuyết “cái vòng luẩn quẩn” và “cú huých từ bên ngoài” của Samuelson, cụ thể là nội dung của học thuyết, những mặt đạt được và những mặt hạn chế của học thuyết. Trên cơ sở nguồn số liệu thứ cấp thu thập được từ các cơ quan ban ngành, bài viết nêu việc áp dụng lý thuyết này tại VN thông qua hoạt động thu hút vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài. Ngoài ra, bài viết còn nêu lên một số hạn chế của việc thu hút nguồn vốn FDI và đưa ra một số biện pháp khuyến nghị góp phần nâng cao chất lượng dòng vốn FDI ở VN.
IBADAH PERAYAAN KENAIKAN YESUS TERANGKATLAH YESUS DAN DISAKSIKAN MURID-MURID-NYA
Authors: Giban Yoel
Published: February 2021

Menjadi personal bagi setiap orang percaya adalah mempunyai keyakinan bahwa sorga itu ada diatas jauh dari bumi dimana kita tidak dapat melihat dan mengalaminya. Konsep ini telah menjadi doktrin dalam keKristenan sehingga sorga tidak dinikmati karena sorga jauh dari penglihatan manusia. Logika yang sehat bagi manusia yang sehat adalah sekita 1500-36000 km diatas permukaan bumi ada Orbit dimana ada peneliti yang hidup disana. Jika demikian sorga masih jauh lagi bahkan sangat jauh, sehingga dampaknya adalah kita tidak bisa menikmati kerajaan Allah itu dikarenakan keberadaannya yang sangat jauh. Bagaimana dengan Doa yang Yesus ajarkan dalam Injil Matius 6:9-13 bahwa "Bapa kami yang di sorga, Dikuduskanlah nama-Mu,datanglah Kerajaan-Mu, jadilah kehendak-Mu di bumi seperti di sorga dan seterunya. Apa artinya ? Kerajaan Allah dihadirkan dalam dunia oleh kita melalui hidup dan perbuatan kita sehingga dunia dalam hidup kita seperti di kerajaan sorga/hidup dalam kerajaan sorga
Measuring Cognitive Load Using In-Game Metrics Of A Serious Simulation Game
Authors: Sevcenko Natalia , Ninaus Manuel , Wortha Franz , Moeller Korbinian , Gerjets Peter
Published: February 2021

Serious games have become an important tool to train individuals in a range of different skills. Importantly, serious games or gamified scenarios allow for simulating realistic time-critical situations to train and also assess individual performance. In this context, determining the user’s cognitive load during (game-based) training seems crucial for predicting performance and potential adaptation of the training environment to improve training effectiveness. Therefore, it is important to identify in-game metrics sensitive to users’ cognitive load. According to Barrouillets’ time-based resource-sharing model, particularly relevant for measuring cognitive load in time-critical situations, cognitive load doesn’t depend solely on the complexity of actions but also on temporal aspects of a given task. In this study, we applied this idea to the context of a serious game by proposing in-game metrics for workload prediction that reflect a relation between the time during which participants’ attention is captured and the total time available for the task at hand. We used an emergency simulation serious game requiring management of time-critical situations. 47 participants completed the emergency simulation and rated their workload using the NASA-TLX questionnaire. Results indicated that the proposed in-game metrics yielded significant associations both with subjective workload measures as well as with gaming performance. Moreover, we observed that a prediction model based solely on data from the first minutes of the gameplay predicted overall gaming performance with a classification accuracy significantly above chance level and not significantly different from a model based on subjective workload ratings. These results imply that in-game metrics may qualify for a real-time adaptation of a game-based learning environment.
Tiến sĩ 'lạc điệu'
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Những cảnh báo sớm của anh chỉ được chú ý khi sự đổ vỡ củathị trường diễn ra vào hơn một năm sau và những "ám ảnh"của nó vẫn còn đến tận hôm nay.
SMAD7 is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7, encoded by SMAD7, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. SMAD7 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SMAD7 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of SMAD7 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Chơi cổ phiếu không thể như... đánh lô, đề
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Thị trường chứng khoán VN thời gian qua lên xuống thấtthường làm nản lòng không ít nhà đầu tư không chuyên.Theo các chuyên gia, hiện tượng này có mặt tích cực khigiúp các nhà đầu tư bớt dần cảm tính, trả lại đúng bản chấtcủa thị trường chứng khoán.
Can EU Judicial Intervention Increase Polity Scepticism? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Spain
Authors: Turnbull-Dugarte Stuart James , Devine Daniel
Published: February 2021

The mantra of “take back control” has become a staple of eurosceptics across the European Union. At the centre of the slogan’s message is a call to arms against the (perceived) challenge that EU membership represents for national sovereignty. In this paper, we theorise that supranational decisions taken by the European Court of Justice can increase ‘polity scepticism’ - increased opposition to the EU and decreased satisfaction with national democracy – by cueing citizens regarding the effects of EU integration on the perception of diluted sovereignty. Empirically, we leverage quasi-experimental evidence to support our theory, establishing that ECJ rulings have a significant causal effect on euroscepticism and dissatisfaction with democracy. The implications of our findings suggest that EU institutions seeking to ensure compliance with the rule of law and EU norms should proceed with caution. Interventionist action may backfire by increasing scrutiny of the EU’s legitimacy and undermining polity support.
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN IMPLEMENTATION NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM IN BANDUNG CITY
Authors: Susniwati
Published: February 2021

Bandung is one of 4 (four) districts in West Java that have received Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with more than 95% participation as of January 1, 2018. In the implementation of the JKN program in Bandung, there are still some obstacles, namely collaboration between the main actors of the program has not been implemented and the lack of information socialization to the community. The purpose of this article is to analyze collaborative governance in the implementation of the JKN program in Bandung. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation study. The results of research on collaborative governance in the implementation of the JKN program in Bandung on the dimensions of the context system that houses the JKN Program in Bandung. The implementation of the JKN program in Bandung requires improving accountability function and role sharing between various sectors involved. The dimensions of the collaborative governance regime consist of the dynamics of collaboration and collaboration action between the relevant stack holders. Collaboration between stakeholders has not been optimal, there is still a lot of obscurity in the data request process. Collaboration between stakeholders is difficult due to the fragmentation of national, regional, and health systems. The third dimension of collaboration dynamics consisting of 3 (three) components namely principle engagement, shared motivation, and capacity for joint action needs to improve information socialization so that the equalization of health services through the JKN program can be implemented to the maximum.
A RCT study of DataCite metadata completeness to quantify the benefits of metadata quality on dataset uptake and sharing
Authors: Hunter Christopher I , Edmunds Scott C , Xiao SiZhe
Published: February 2021

Properly describing and documenting data via rich metadata allows users to understand and track important details of the work. It is thought that richer metadata fuels discovery and innovation, increasing the discoverability and reusability of research, and eliminating duplication of effort. Researchers are told to expend effort to improve their metadata, but efforts to quantify the benefits of putting in this effort have not been carried out. With that in mind we have carried out a randomised controlled study of DataCite metadata completeness on dataset uptake and sharing. 1093 datasets were randomised and given rich vs minimal metadata, and the effect of re-use and sharing of this data was followed over a 1-year period. Analysing this data after the trial period, based on the very low rate of page-views there was no significant difference detected between the two different RCT groups. Despite the negative findings we would like to share this proof of concept and provide lessons learned for how randomised controlled trials should be carried out to quantify the benefits of FAIR data sharing.
How EU policies could reduce nutrient pollution in European inland and coastal waters?
Authors: Grizzetti Bruna , Vigiak Olga , Udias Angel , Aloe Alberto , Zanni Michela , Bouraoui Faycal , Pistocchi Alberto , Dorati Chiara , Friedland Rene , De Roo Ad , Benitez Sanz Carlos , Leip Adrian , Bielza Maria
Published: February 2021

Intensive agriculture and densely populated areas represent major sources of nutrient pollution for European inland and coastal waters, altering the aquatic ecosystems and affecting their capacity to provide ecosystem services and support economic activities. Ambitious water policies are in place in the European Union (EU) for protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems under the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. This research quantified the current pressures of point and diffuse nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to European fresh and coastal waters (2005-2012), and analysed the effects of three policy scenarios of nutrient reduction: 1) the application of measures currently planned in the Rural Development Programmes and under the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD); 2) the full implementation of the UWWTD and the absence of derogations in the Nitrates Directive; 3) high reduction of nutrient, using best technologies in wastewaters treatment and optimal fertilisation in agriculture. The results of the study show that for the period 2005-2012, the nitrogen load to European seas was 3.3-4.1 TgN/y and the phosphorus load was 0.26-0.30 TgP/y. EU policy measures could decrease the nutrient export to the seas up to 14% for nitrogen and 20% for phosphorus, improving the ecological status of rivers and lakes, but widening the nutrient unbalance in coastal ecosystems, affecting eutrophication. Further nutrient reductions could be possible by a combination of measures especially in the agricultural sector. The respective contribution of nutrient sources and expected changes differ per European regional seas. The study highlights the advantages of adopting a nexus thinking when addressing the land-sea dynamics, checking the coherence of measures taken under different policies.
Testing Mate Choice Hypotheses in a Transitional Small Scale Population
Authors: Boothroyd Lynda , Jucker Jean-Luc , Thornborrow Tracey , Tovee Martin , Batres Carlota , Penton-Voak Ian
Published: February 2021

Objective: Tests of theories of mate choice often rely on data gathered in White, industrialised samples and this is especially the case for studies of facial attraction. Our understanding of preferences for sexual dimorphism is currently in flux and a number of hypotheses require testing in more diverse participant samples. The current study uses opportunistically gathered facial dimorphism preference data from 271 participants in rural Nicaragua, and 40 from the national capital Managua. We assess hypotheses drawn from sexual selection theory, and from more recent approaches which consider the impacts of economic development and cultural ‘modernisation’ on mate preferences. Methods: Participants verbally reported demographic data, and indicated preferences for five male and five female pairs of faces manipulated to differ in sexually dimorphic facial structure based on a sample of Salvadoran individuals.Results: While urban participants showed a preference for more feminine female faces, this preference was not evident in the rural participants. Neither urban nor rural participants showed any directional preference for masculinised/feminised male faces. Furthermore, there was no support for any other pre-registered hypothesis. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with previous studies showing no interest in facial dimorphism in less globally-acculturated, or market integrated, populations. Together, this suggests that while facial dimorphism may be subject to systematically varying preferences amongst some low-fertility, industrialised populations, it is not a feature which is likely to have been important in ancestral populations. We call for further work attempting to replicate well known mate choice phenomena in more diverse samples.
Hate Contagion: Measuring the spread and trajectory of hate on social media
Authors: Gallacher John D , Bright Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Online hate speech is a growing concern, with minorities and vulnerable groups increasingly targeted with extreme denigration and hostility. The drivers of hate speech expression on social media are unclear, however. This study explores how hate speech develops on a fringe social media platform popular with the far-right, Gab. We investigate whether users seek out this platform in order to express hate, or whether instead they develop these opinions over time through a mechanism of socialisation, as they interact with other users on the platform. We find a positive association between the time users spend on the platform and their hate speech expression. We show that while some users do arrive on these platforms with pre-existing hate stances, others develop these expressions as they get exposed to the hateful opinions of others. Our analysis reveals how hate speech develops online, the important role of the group environment in accelerating its development, and gives valuable insight to inform the development of counter measures.
An ecologically valid examination of event-based and time-based prospective memory using immersive virtual reality: the influence of attention, memory, and executive function processes on real-world prospective memory.
Authors: Kourtesis Panagiotis , MacPherson Sarah E.
Published: February 2021

Studies on prospective memory (PM) predominantly assess either event- or time-based PM by implementing non-ecological laboratory-based tasks. The results deriving from these paradigms have provided findings that are discrepant with ecologically valid research paradigms that converge on the complexity and cognitive demands of everyday tasks. The Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), an immersive virtual reality (VR) neuropsychological battery with enhanced ecological validity, was implemented to assess everyday event- and time-based PM, as well as the influence of other cognitive functions on everyday PM functioning. The results demonstrated the importance of delayed recognition, planning, and visuospatial attention on everyday PM. Delayed recognition and planning ability were found to be central in event- and time-based PM respectively. In order of importance, delayed recognition, visuospatial attention speed, and planning ability were found to be involved in event-based PM functioning. Comparably, planning, visuospatial attention accuracy, delayed recognition, and multitasking/task-shifting ability were found to be involved in time-based PM functioning. These findings further suggest the importance of ecological validity in the study of PM, which may be achieved using immersive VR paradigms.
Do newborn boys really tend to prefer a ‘mechanical object’ to a human face? Failure to assess the confounding effect of an exceptionally high caesarean section rate
Authors: Losse Katy , Redmond Anthony
Published: February 2021

We review a twenty year old paper on sex differences in human neonatal social perception, and identify a serious issue: a failure to assess whether the results were distorted by an exceptionally high Caesarean Section rate. This is in addition to a number of other methodological weaknesses, which together mean that there is too much ‘noise’ in the data to draw clear conclusions from the results. The paper’s stark conclusion to have ‘demonstrated’ biological sex differences is unsubstantiated and misleading, and it should no longer be considered a reliable reference point.
Do cognitive-affective and family communication variables impact individual decisions to discuss organ donation wishes?
Authors: Hyde Melissa K. , Masser Barbara , Grace Laura , Barton Tyneal
Published: February 2021

Family discussion of donation wishes is a critical driver of family authorisation of organ donation. However, few people discuss their wishes or feel certain of family member’s donation preferences. Empirically, individual determinants of discussing donation wishes with family have been examined using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The impact of cognitive-affective (e.g., disgust) and family (e.g., family communication) variables are less well studied, and not integrated together in decision-making frameworks. To address this gap, the role of family communication and ‘cognitive-affective’ variables, integrated within the TPB, were examined as predictors of intended and actual discussion of donation wishes with family. Participants (N=201) completed baseline measures of family communication, cognitive-affective (disgust, bodily integrity, medical mistrust, fear of not being dead, anxiety about discussing), and TPB (attitude, subjective norm, self-efficacy, intention) variables. Two-weeks later, participants (N=111) self-reported their discussion behaviour (n=42, 38% discussed). A revised structural equation model provided a good fit to these data. In this model, less anxiety about discussion and positive attitudes toward discussion predicted self-efficacy (R2=0.67). Positive attitudes, greater self-efficacy and perceived approval/support from important others (subjective norm) predicted discussion intentions (R2=0.70). Intention predicted discussion behaviour (R2=0.22). Cognitive-affective variables (except discussion anxiety) and family communication did not have a prominent role. Interventions which emphasise that family expect and approve of donation discussions, portray donation discussions as positively valued, and bolster self-efficacy are needed to increase discussion of organ donation wishes. Bolstering self-efficacy could be achieved by providing tangible strategies to assist individuals to reduce their anxiety about discussing their wishes, and encouraging positive attitudes towards discussion and its importance in family authorisation for donation.