bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos sócio-culturais e ambientais dos moradores da comunidade Souza Lima, em Várzea Grande -MT
Authors: Pinheiro Marionil Fátima Simão , Valentini Carla Maria Abido , Faria Rozilaine Aparecida Pelegrine Gomes de
Published: June 2022

É preciso ouvir comunidades tradicionais que aprenderam a sobreviver com a natureza e registrar seus aspectos sociais, biológicos, culturais e éticos, também já ameaçados pela rápida urbanização. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a realização dos registros sócio-culturais e ambientais da comunidade de Souza Lima, em Várzea Grande-MT, em especial sua identidade com suas unidades de paisagem. A pesquisa ocorreu no período de julho a setembro de 2014, com doze moradores antigos da comunidade e utilizou-se o método de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com questões abertas e fechadas e turnê guiada para registro das espécies utilizadas em suas unidades de paisagem. Os entrevistados revelaram a importância da localidade e do espaço de sua residência como significado de sua própria identidade, abordaram questões relativas ao saneamento, atendimento médico, festas de santos, usos de suas unidades de paisagem, especialmente os quintais e plantas nele cultivadas. A família mais citada (13,85%) foi a Asteraceae e a categoria de uso mais relatada (76,19%) corresponde às plantas medicinais. A forma de preparo mais utilizada é o chá (46,55%) e o uso predominante das espécies medicinais é para as doenças do aparelho digestório. Metade dos entrevistados criam animais para seu consumo e venda e algumas donas de casa fazem doce para complementar seu sustento. Concluiu-se que a ainda existem na comunidade parentes dos primeiros moradores que residiam na região e que poucos são os que conseguem manter suas unidades de paisagem devido à idade avançada e sobreviver de suas atividades culturais mais marcantes: fabricação de doces e feitio de redes.
Logística reversa de lâmpadas fluorescentes pós-consumo estudo de caso: sistema de armazenagem em uma instituição de ensino
Authors: Cestari William , Martins Carlos Humberto
Published: June 2022

Lâmpadas fluorescentes são produtos de grande utilidade para a sociedade atual. Estão sendo utilizadas em grandes proporções. Classificadas como resíduos perigosos, devem ter seu destino pós-consumo de forma adequada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar os conceitos de desenvolvimento sustentável, logística e logística reversa, assunto recente e discutido pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS 12.305/2010.O método da pesquisa foi a abordagem qualitativa, com a realização de pesquisa de campo na instituição de ensino Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM. Foi realizada entrevista com o encarregado de almoxarifado da instituição. Desta forma confirmou-se a hipótese de que a instituição não possui procedimentos adequados para implantação da logística reversa.
Avaliação de condições ergonômicas em trabalhos realizados em restaurantes universitários
Authors: Schneider Nicole , Strasburg Virgílio José
Published: June 2022

As atividades para a produção e fornecimento de refeições devem considerar aspectos relacionados com a saúde dos trabalhadores. O objetivo desse estudo foi o de identificar as condições de trabalho nas atividades de distribuição e higienização de utensílios em restaurantes universitários (RUs). Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo observacional em dois RUs de uma universidade pública federal em Porto Alegre/RS. Foram encontradas diferenças no peso das cubas - de 6,9kg a 22,4kg - de acordo com os tipos de preparação e entre o número de reposições. Os funcionários realizaram esforço repetitivo sem troca de função na distribuição e com máximo de trocas de 20% na lavanderia durante o período de 2 horas e 30 minutos. A temperatura do ambiente da lavanderia (higienização de utensílios) excedeu o valor recomendado e o ruído ficou próximo do limite. Quanto ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) os trabalhadores não utilizaram o protetor auricular. As condições físicas da estrutura contribuíram para os resultados encontrados.
Análise da eficiência de calçadas ecológicas como sistema de drenagem sustentável nos centros urbanos: estudo de caso no Parque Flamboyant, Goiânia –Goiás
Authors: Santos Layara de Paula Sousa , Cuba Renata Medici Frayne , Leitão Valéria de Sousa , Santos Neto Agenor de Sousa
Published: June 2022

Esta pesquisa aborda a importância da utilização de sistemas de drenagem sustentável, a fim de diminuir problemas como alagamentos e comprometimentos dos cursos d’água. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral é investigar sobre a contribuição ambiental das calçadas ecológicas na região do Parque Flamboyant localizado na zona urbana de Goiânia - Goiás. Para o levantamento de dados, foram feitas pesquisas bibliográficas, levantamentos em campo com registros fotográficos, consultas à órgãos públicos e ensaio de infiltração realizado no Parque para verificar a eficiência da permeabilidade dos pavimentos intertravados. Os resultados dos ensaios nos pavimentos apresentaram valores satisfatórios em vista de locais impermeáveis.
Obtenção de Xilooligossacarideos por resíduos lignocelulósicos: alternativa para produção de compostos funcionais para alimentos
Authors: Barreto Andressa Ribas , Zancan Luiza Rodrigues , Menezes Cristiano Ragagnin de
Published: June 2022

A crescente demanda por  novos alimentos que sejam capazes de promover a saúde e prevenir doenças,  tem atraído a atenção mundial sobre os prebióticos. Xilo-oligossacarídeos (XOS) são considerados uns dos poucos nutracêuticos que podem ser produzidos a partir da biomassa lignocelulósica. Esta biomassa, por sua vez, é considerado um resíduo de baixo custo e que muitas vezes representa um problema sistêmico para o meio ambiente. Com isso, a produção de XOS a partir de resíduos agrícolas oferece grandes possibilidades para a indústria alimentícia como matéria-prima barata e disponível em abundância. As principais vantagens do consumo de XOS, provém da estimulação do crescimento seletivo da microflora intestinal benéfica, incluem a redução dos índices glicêmicos e de colesterol no sangue, de reduzir enzimas pró-carcinogênicas no trato gastrointestinal, melhorar a absorção de minerais no intestino grosso, além de estimular o sistema imune. Com isso, o objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar os efeitos funcionais dos XOS e a sua obtenção à partir da  biomassa lignocelulósica, como alternativa para a formulação de alimentos saudáveis além de propiciar uma alternativa viável para a diminuição dos resíduos agrícolas dispostos no meio ambiente.
Development of an ontology for the representation of firefighters’ data requirements during building fire emergencies
Authors: Guyo E. , Hartmann T.
Published: June 2022

Firefighters require accurate and timely information regarding a building and its environment to perform their duty safely and effectively during a fire emergency. However, due to the chaotic nature of building fires, firefighters often receive erroneous, conflicting, or delayed information that can affect the outcome of a hazard. In this paper, we propose a solution in the form of an ontology that defines building and environmental data needed by firefighters during a building fire emergency. The ontology can be a basis for developing intelligent tools and systems that collect building and environmental data from different data sources and provide comprehensive information to firefighters. It can also facilitate the data exchange process between the different personnel involved in emergency response. The ontology was developed by following the METHONTOLOGY method, and it was implemented using the web ontology language (OWL) in Protégé 5.5.0.
Modeling and Validating Temporal Rules with Semantic Petri-Net for Digital Twins
Authors: Liu H. , Song X. , Gao G. , Zhang H. , Liu Y. , Gu M.
Published: June 2022

Semantic rule checking on RDFS/OWL data has been widely used in the construction industry. At present, semantic rule checking is mainly performed on static models. There are still challenges in integrating temporal models and semantic models for combined rule checking. In this paper, Semantic Petri-Net (SPN) is proposed as a novel temporal modeling and validating method, which implements the states and transitions of the Colored Petri-Net directly based on RDFS and SPARQL, and realizes two-way sharing of knowledge between domain semantic webs and temporal models in the runtime. Several cases are provided to demonstrate the possible applications in digital twins with concurrent state changes and dependencies.
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Building Integrated Photovoltaics
Authors: Chen L. , Tian W. , de Wilde P. , Zhang H.
Published: June 2022

The performance of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) shows high variations due to several factors, including design model uncertainty, installation mode, dirt/soil effects, aging factors, and manufacturing issues. This paper explores the uncertainty of BIPV outputs from the perspectives of both model uncertainty and parameter uncertainty using the EnergyPlus program. The sampling-based Monte Carlo method is implemented to conduct the uncertainty analysis of BIPV outputs. The meta-model global sensitivity analysis (Bayesian adaptive spline surfaces) is used to obtain important factors affecting BIPV outputs due to its high computational efficiency. The results indicate that both model and parameter uncertainty has significant influences on PV outputs. The combined remaining effect, power rating, and model uncertainty are three important factors influencing PV electricity. Therefore, these factors should be carefully chosen or adjusted to provide a reliable estimation of PV outputs.
Analyzing Operation Logs of Nuclear Power Plants for Safety and Efficiency Diagnosis of Real-Time Operations
Authors: Xing J. , Liu P. , Tang P. , Yilmaz A. , Boring R. , Gibson Jr. G.
Published: June 2022

Operators' lack of understanding of the plant's operation state significantly contributes to human errors in Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) control room operations. The state of an NPP at a particular time is represented by values of analog (e.g., measurements of flow properties) and switch parameters (e.g., the status of a valve). Previous studies focused on analyzing analog parameters rarely considered the switch parameters. Estimating the plant state without considering the timings of switches can be inaccurate. This paper utilizes analog parameters to infer the timing of switches. Two main challenges of establishing a reliable prediction model are 1) high dimensional analog parameters and 2) an imbalanced switch parameter dataset with few control actions. This paper uses PCA to reduce the dimensions and SMOTE to generate more samples capturing the impacts of various control actions. Then the pre-processed data was used to train variants of KNN classifiers. Testing results show that the KNN with SMOTE oversampling but without PCA best predicts switches' timing.
A digital twin-driven deformation monitoring system for deep foundation pit excavation
Authors: Chen K. , Liu Y. , Hu R. , Fang W.
Published: June 2022

Deformation happening in deep foundation pit excavation is a growing concern to underground construction, threatening not only the construction safety but also the adjacent environment. Traditional deformation monitoring is conducted once a day through the method of manual measurement. Such monitoring strategy has been blamed for inefficiency and error-prone, and also the monitoring results cannot be timely received by on-site managers for safety management. Therefore, the study proposes a digital twin-driven deformation monitoring system to support accurate risk-preventing decisions. The proposed system comprises four interconnected components for data acquisition, data processing, result visualization, and risk warning, respectively. A real-life tunnelling construction project – Lianghu tunnelling construction in Wuhan, China – is used to illustrate the functionality of the proposed system. Findings show that the system will be a valuable step for implementing digital twin to deep foundation pit excavation from concept to practice.
Cross Domain Matching for Semantic Point Cloud Segmentation based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Martens J. , Blut T. , Blankenbach J.
Published: June 2022

Together with roads, rails and tunnels, bridges represent ubiquitous infrastructure objects holding an essential role in transportation. Nevertheless, due to the elevated age of many bridges, structural deficiencies are becoming more common. Digital Twins in conjunction with Building Information Modelling (BIM) may significantly support asset management but are only now garnering more attention for infrastructure objects. To ease the transition towards creating digital twins for existing constructions, this work presents a method for automated segmentation of bridge point clouds based on images using convolutional neural networks. For this purpose, semantic segmentation is used for labelling the photographs captured during laser scanning. The classifications masks of this image-based approach are then projected back into 3D, resulting in a labelled point cloud ready for further processing and building component reconstruction.
ON THE PROBLEM OF TEACHING FOREGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE TEXTOCENTRISM CONCEPT
Authors:   International Institute of Design and Service, Maksimova T.A.
Published: June 2022

The problems of foreign language teaching within textocentrism concept are discussed. The main theoretical issues of the adjacent concepts are briefly characterized, text functions, their advantages in translating and retetranslating the culture are discussed. Text advantages in view of demonstrating the functioning of the language material, sequence of presenting the texts depending on the teaching stage and thematic module are discussed.
TOPICAL PROBLEMS OF DIGITAL CULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE LAWYERS
Authors:   nternational Institute of Design and Service, Aladysheva T.V. , Lvov L.V.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the concepts of culture and digital culture. The current problems of the development of digital culture in the training of future lawyers are considered and determined. Digital culture is understood as a complex systemic quality of personality, its ideological, cognitive, personal and activity components are determined. The features of the digital generation are presented and the possibilities of their purposeful development in the process of professional training are substantiated. Keywords: culture, digital culture, digital
POSSIBILITIES OF VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS IN PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Uvarina N.V. , Gnatyshina E.A. , Savchenkov A.V.
Published: June 2022

This article is devoted to describing the possibilities of volunteer organizations and public associations in the preparation of future teachers for the implementation of educational activities. The problem of reducing the role of education becomes especially relevant for higher and secondary vocational education, since future teachers will need to realize the social and economic mission of education in the future. Volunteer activity gives the educational process of the university a social context, and the acquired skills and developed personal qualities will be translated by teachers in their future professional activities. Within the framework of this article, the principles of organizing volunteer activities developed by the team of authors as a condition for preparing for educational activities are described. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, a structural and content model for organizing the participation of future teachers in volunteer activities has been developed. The model is implemented from the first to the fourth year of study, while active participants in the volunteer movement, who have shown leadership and organizational skills, act as mentors for students who are only involved in this activity. Involving students in social activities performs a social function, ensures the formation of their emotional intelligence and empathy, as well as social activity. The activities of public associations are carried out in the university at three levels: university-wide (associations of students from various faculties), faculty and group. The article also presents the stages of organizing the activities of student communities in the university. The participation of future teachers in volunteer activities in the process of their preparation for educational work is carried out on the principles of variability, motivational-value orientation, activity and self-regulation, voluntariness and subjectivity of relations.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL PATHS AT THE UNIVERSITY BASED ON A PERSONALIZED APPROACH
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimea FederalUniversity, Gorbunova N.V. , Fetisov A.S. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University
Published: June 2022

The topical problem of the implementation of individual educational trajectories in the modern university system is discussed. Special attention is paid to a personalized approach that determines the methodological basis of the direction under consideration. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the content of the concept of «individual educational paths» is considered. The peculiarities of the implementation of individual educational trajectories in the modern educational system of the university are clarified. The relevance of this direction is due to the requirements for the modern system of higher education, which is based on the principles of a personalized approach. The purpose of the study is to consider the author’s reasons for the insufficient dissemination and implementation of individual educational paths in domestic universities, and an attempt is made to find possible solutions for more effective implementation of this direction. The results of the analysis allowed us to determine that the basis of individual educational paths at the university is the subjective position of the student. Individualization of the educational system makes it possible to purposefully and effectively develop the professional and personal qualities of a student based on the already formed level of knowledge, skills and abilities.
Assessment of the Latrine Facilities and the Health Condition in IDP Camps in Borno State
Authors: Asabe H. Mshelbara , Mahya Stanley , Emmanuel I. Nkeleme , Ribah Muhammad Marafa , Fatai Adeyemo Adebisi
Published: June 2022

There are over 2.1 million Internal Displaced Persons (IDPs) who have been in camps and host communities due to the conflict between the Nigerian state armed group and non-state armed group. The provision of aides to reduce the suffering of these people, especially women and children have brought questions in terms of the adequacy and functionality of the latrine facilities in the IDP camps. This paper assesses the latrine facilities and their corresponding health implication in the selected official IDP camps in Borno State Nigeria. A well-structured questionnaire was employed and administered to various categories of the respondents in twelve(12) out of the sixteen (16) officials camps within the area of study to determine their perception of the latrine and the health impact was assessed. A total of 331questionnnaires were received well filled out of the 392 distributed giving a percentage response of 84.4%, and the data collected was analysed using SPSS version 19.0. the result revealed among others that: the major type of latrine in the camps is the ‘traditional pit latrine’. According to a larger percentage of the respondents, there are less than forty (40) latrines in the Camps. Also, it was discovered that the latrine is usually de-sludge but is done once in two months. This is against the standard requirement from the UNHCR and SPHERE standards. also, the most common illness experienced in the camp arranged in the order of severity is; ‘Diarrhea’  STDs; Fever, and Tuberculosis. Consequently, it is recommended that there should be strict compliance concerning the construction of latrines and toilet facilities. They should be constructed by the provision of standards like UNHCR and sphere, as this will help in reducing the tendency to spread diseases in the camp.
Analysis of Sustainable Teacher Professionality Development through Scientific Publications in High School
Authors: Wahyuni Yusri , Muji Anggarda Paramita , Nurlaili . , Rusdinal . , Gistituati Nurhizrah
Published: June 2022

Aims: Describe how to implement sustainable professional development through scientific publications in high school.

Study Design: Qualitative and descriptive approach.

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: High school teachers in the city of Padang, between Mei 2022.

Methodology: This study uses a qualitative and descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were high school teachers in the city of Padang, totaling 23 people. Research data in the form of qualitative data were collected through questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to describe the state of the data by presenting responses to a Likert scale questionnaire. The data presented provides an understanding of the phenomena that occur, then the researcher plans further actions based on the significance of the phenomenon.

Results: This research focuses on five indicators designed to determine how the implementation of sustainable professional development for teachers in senior high schools is carried out. The five indicators are activeness in professional activities, professional development planning, making scientific works, product development to support the learning process and activeness in scientific activities.

Conclusion: The five indicators are activeness in professional activities, professional development planning, making scientific works, product development to support the learning process and activeness in scientific activities.
Serological Pattern of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Risk Factors among Infected Individuals in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Koate Baribefe Banavule Daniel , Adias Teddy Charles , Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana Samuel , Jeremiah Zacchaeus Awortu
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis B virus infection is a serious global public health challenge that affects more than two billion people worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the serological pattern of HBV infection in HBV infected patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the serological pattern of hepatitis B infection in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. This was a comparative cross sectional study carried out on 260 hepatitis B patients and blood donors attending hepatitis B clinics, and blood banks in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Military Hospital, Port Harcourt, and University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba. The study involved the use of hepatitis B panel assay, measurement of prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Port Harcourt, assessment of hepatitis B serological markers in all subjects, determination of the presence and prevalence of occult HBV among participants. HBV 5-parameter (panel) Rapid Test kit was used to assess HBV serological markers. Standard operation procedure, good laboratory practice, External/Internal Quality Control were used accordingly and Quality Assurance ensued. 84.2% participants were males, 15.8% females aged between 19 and 65 years, Mean ±SD age 30.57±9.70 years, Participants from 20 states, South-South, South-East, and other Geo-political Zones of Nigeria, resident in the cosmopolitan city of Port Harcourt were enrolled. Result obtained showed serological markers among test subjects as 77.3% HBsAg, 43.97% HBsAb, 48.94% HBcAg, 36.17% HBcAb, and 46.81% HBeAg.  Grouping of HBV panel assay result was HBV positive 1 (Occult HBV) 7.8% (n=11), HBV positive 2 73.76% (n=104), HBV positive 3 – (occult HBV post treatment) 14.18% (n=20), HBV positive 4 4.26% (n=6). All five serological markers of HBV in infected patients in PHC are evident in significant proportions indicating real infections at different stages of disease manifestation. Mass screening for HBV infection is recommended for our populace to check spread.
Bio-efficacy of Herbicides with Different Water Volumes and Spray Timing under Zero Tillage Rice Residue Retention Scenario against Phalaris minor in Wheat
Authors: Chaudhary Ankur , Yadav Dharam Bir , Singh Samunder , Poonia Todar Mal , Punia Satbir Singh , Singh Narender
Published: June 2022

Background: Continuous use of the similar modes of action-based herbicides leads to the development of herbicide resistance in wheat-associated weeds in north-west India. Accelerated development of multiple resistance against most of the available post-emergence herbicides emphasize the use of pre-emergence herbicides. But, the efficacy of pre-emergence herbicide is a matter of concern as surface retained stubbles and/or straw alter herbicide efficacy associated with a direct interception of herbicide.

Methods: A field study was conducted for two rabi seasons (2018-19 and 2019-20) to optimize spray volume and time of application for improving the bio-efficacy of pre-emergence herbicides under zero tillage full rice residue scenario. The herbicidal treatments (g/ha) included pendimethalin + pyroxasulfone (1000.0+127.5) as pre-emergence (PE), pyroxasulfone (127.5) as PE, pyroxasulfone (127.5) as early post emergence (EPoE), aclonifen+diflufenican (1002+200) EPoE, halauxifen methyl+ fluroxypyr (7.3+233.4) as EPoE, flumioxazin (100) as PE with two different water volumes 500 and 1000 liter/ha along with pendimethalin fb pinoxaden (1500+50) in 500 l/ha water volume, pendimethalin (1500) as PE in 375 l/ha water volume, weed free and weedy check.

Results: The present study showed that pendimethalin + pyroxasulfone as PE with a higher spray volume of 1000 l/ha and alone application of pyroxasulfone as EPoE produced similar Phalaris minor control as with pendimethalin fb pinoxaden (PE fb Post) under full rice residue scenario in zero-till wheat.
MRI Supplemented with Diffusion Weighted Image in Characterization of Soft Tissue Masses of the Wrist and Hand
Authors: Elsharkawy Asmaa Yehya Abdallah , Elsadany Hanan Mohammed Omara , Younes Rasha Lotfy , Hassanien Omar Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Background: The wrist joint is considered to be a condyloid synovial joint of the distal upper limb that connects and serves as a transition point between the forearm and hand. Hand and wrist soft tissue masses comprise a special subset of soft tissue masses. MRI imaging has an important role in characterization of soft tissue tumors, yet, it lacks specificity for differentiation between benign and malignant lesions.Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive method for investigation of tumor histological content and used for differentiation between benign and malignant masses.

Aims: This study aimed at assessment of the role of MR diffusion Weighted imaging (DWI) in the evaluation of soft tissue masses of the wrist and hand.

Patients and Methods: This study conducted on 30 patients with soft tissue masses of the wrist and hand. They were referred from Orthopedic and Physiotherapy Departments to MRI unit in Radio-diagnosis Department, Tanta University Hospital. The study was conducted from November 2018 to November 2019. MRI with DWI was conducted for each one of them and results were correlated with histopathological examination.

Results: There is a significant difference in the mean ADC value between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values represent an increase in extracellular water or loss of cell membrane integrity whereas decreased ADC values reflect decrease in extracellular water content or increase in cell number or size.

Conclusions: this study proved the role of MRI and supplementary Diffusion weighted image (DWI) with numerical ADC values in characterization of soft tissue masses of the wrist and hand.
Effect of Surface Treatments on Bond Strength of Resin Cements to Titanium: A Literature Review
Authors: Alzahrani Reem Ahmed , Wali Ammar Turki , Alamri Shaima Fahad , Bedaiwi Ibraheem Talal , Alrehaili Fetoon Marzoog
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The aims of this literature review are to provide answers to questions on how to improve bonding between titanium and resin cement and how to further implement, in clinical practice, titanium-resin as an alternative to conventional metal–resin systems.

Material and Methods: A literature search of PubMed was conducted and eight fulfilled the search criteria, namely mentions of titanium, resin cement, bond strength, surface treatments, and luting agents. These papers were compiled for comparison and evaluated regarding the bond strength achieved with different methods.

Results: The results strongly indicate that there are possibilities to improve the adhesion methods for titanium–luting agents.

Conclusions: The combination of micromechanical and chemical surface treatments enhanced the adhesion between different resin cements and titanium. It is important to select the appropriate surface treatments of titanium regarding the type of resin cement that will be used. Utilizing titanium with resin cements for crowns and fixed partial dentures can be recommended for routine clinical use.
Editorial
Authors:   Grand Canyon University, Maguire Kelly R , Greenberger Scott W
Published: June 2022

The Journal of Scholarly Engagement kicked off the 2022 year with a (virtual) annual meeting with the Editorial Board. Joining our board as new members this year include Drs. Laura Cruz, Kelvin Thompson, and Sandi van Lieu. We are grateful for the board’s continued support, expertise, and feedback on how to further enhance the awareness of the Journal of Scholarly Engagement for faculty researchers and general scholars within the field of Boyer studies.
Transient Lymph Node Immune Activation by Hydrolysable Polycarbonate Nanogels
Authors: Czysch Christian , Medina‐Montano Carolina , Zhong Zifu , Fuchs Alexander , Stickdorn Judith , Winterwerber Pia , Schmitt Sascha , Deswarte Kim , Raabe Marco , Scherger Maximilian , Combes Francis , De Vrieze Jana , Kasmi Sabah , Sandners Niek N. , Lienenklaus Stefan , Koynov Kaloian , Räder Hans‐Joachim , Lambrecht Bart N. , David Sunil A. , Bros Matthias , Schild Hansjörg , Grabbe Stephan , De Geest Bruno G. , Nuhn Lutz
Published: June 2022

The development of controlled biodegradable materials is of fundamental importance in immunodrug delivery to spatiotemporally controlled immune stimulation but avoid systemic inflammatory side effects. Based on this, polycarbonate nanogels are developed as degradable micellar carriers for transient immunoactivation of lymph nodes. An imidazoquinoline‐type TLR7/8 agonist is covalently conjugated via reactive ester chemistry to these nanocarriers. The nanogels not only provide access to complete disintegration by the hydrolysable polymer backbone, but also demonstrate a gradual disintegration within several days at physiological conditions (PBS, pH 6.4–7.4, 37 °C). These intrinsic properties limit the lifetime of the carriers but their payload can still be successfully leveraged for immunological studies in vitro on primary immune cells as well as in vivo. For the latter, a spatiotemporal control of immune cell activation in the draining lymph node is found after subcutaneous injection. Overall, these features render polycarbonate nanogels a promising delivery system for transient activation of the immune system in lymph nodes and may consequently become very attractive for further development toward vaccination or cancer immunotherapy. Due to the intrinsic biodegradability combined with the high chemical control during the manufacturing process, these polycarbonate‐based nanogels may also be of great importance for clinical translation.
Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Tough Supramolecular Hydrogels with Sophisticated Architectures as Impact‐Absorption Elements
Authors: Dong Min , Han Ying , Hao Xing Peng , Yu Hai Chao , Yin Jun , Du Miao , Zheng Qiang , Wu Zi Liang
Published: June 2022

Processing tough hydrogels into sophisticated architectures is crucial for their applications as structural elements. However, Digital Light Processing (DLP) printing of tough hydrogels is challenging because of the low‐speed gelation and toughening process. Described here is a simple yet versatile system suitable for DLP printing to form tough hydrogel architectures. The aqueous precursor consists of commercial photoinitiator, acrylic acid, and zirconium ion (Zr4+), readily forming tough metallo‐supramolecular hydrogel under digital light because of in situ formation of carboxyl–Zr4+ coordination complexes. The high‐stiffness and antiswelling properties of as‐printed gel enable high‐efficiency printing to form high‐fidelity constructs. Furthermore, swelling‐induced morphing of the gel is also achieved by encoding structure gradients during the printing with grayscale digital light. Mechanical properties of the printed hydrogels are further improved after incubation in water due to the variation of local pH and rearrangement of coordination complex. The swelling‐enhanced stiffness affords the printed hydrogel with shape fixation ability after manual deformations, and thereby provides an additional avenue to form more complex configurations. These printed hydrogels are used to devise an impact‐absorption element or a high‐sensitivity pressure sensor as proof‐of‐concept examples. This work should merit engineering of other tough gels and extend their scope of applications in diverse fields.
Targeting Bone Tumor and Subcellular Endoplasmic Reticulum via Near Infrared II Fluorescent Polymer for Photodynamic‐Immunotherapy to Break the Step‐Reduction Delivery Dilemma
Authors: Zhang Xianghong , Wan Jia , Mo Fuhao , Tang Dongsheng , Xiao Haihua , Li Zhihong , Jia Jinpeng , Liu Tang
Published: June 2022

Specific localization of photosensitizers (PSs) to a certain organelle could result in targeted attack to cause greater trauma to cancer cells, eventually maximizing photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, currently, efficient and precise transportation of PSs via drug delivery to tumor cells and subcellular organelles is still challenging, due to a so‐called step‐reduction delivery dilemma (SRDD) which also threatens anticancer drug delivery to exert their efficacy. Herein, a cascade targeting near infrared II (NIR II) fluorescent nanoparticles (NPER/BO‐PDT) is designed that can target bone tumor first and then target the subcellular organelle of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is found that NPER/BO‐PDT achieves the targeted accumulation of the bone tumor and then ER. NPER/BO‐PDT generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the subcellular organelles of ER under near infrared light irradiation. The continuous ER stress by ROS promotes the release of more damage‐associated molecular patterns, induces immunogenic cell death, stimulates the adaptive immune response, and further synergistically inhibits tumor growth, achieving the so‐called photodynamic‐immunotherapy. Overall, this study exemplifies a safe and efficient nano‐drug delivery system for a bone and ER cascade targeting via delivery of PSs to break the SRDD and highlights potential clinical translation.
Coupled Electronic and Anharmonic Structural Dynamics for Carrier Self‐Trapping in Photovoltaic Antimony Chalcogenides
Authors: Tao Weijian , Zhu Leilei , Li Kanghua , Chen Chao , Chen Yuzhong , Li Yujie , Li Xufeng , Tang Jiang , Shang Honghui , Zhu Haiming
Published: June 2022

V–VI antimony chalcogenide semiconductors have shown exciting potentials for thin film photovoltaic applications. However, their solar cell efficiencies are strongly hampered by anomalously large voltage loss (>0.6 V), whose origin remains controversial so far. Herein, by combining ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the coupled electronic and structural dynamics leading to excited state self‐trapping in antimony chalcogenides with atomic level characterizations is reported. The electronic dynamics in Sb2Se3 indicates a ≈20 ps barrierless intrinsic self‐trapping, with electron localization and accompanied lattice distortion given by DFT calculations. Furthermore, impulsive vibrational coherences unveil key SbSe vibrational modes and their real‐time interplay that drive initial excited state relaxation and energy dissipation toward stabilized small polaron through electron–phonon and subsequent phonon–phonon coupling. This study's findings provide conclusive evidence of carrier self‐trapping arising from intrinsic lattice anharmonicity and polaronic effect in antimony chalcogenides and a new understanding on the coupled electronic and structural dynamics for redefining excited state properties in soft semiconductor materials.
Simultaneous Near‐Surface Trace Doping and Surface Modifications by Gas–Solid Reactions during One‐Pot Synthesis Enable Stable High‐Voltage Performance of LiCoO2
Authors: Tan Xinghua , Zhao Tingqiao , Song Luting , Mao Dongdong , Zhang Yongxin , Fan Zhengwei , Wang Hanfu , Chu Weiguo
Published: June 2022

LiCoO2 (LCO) with a high theoretical capacity of 274 mAh g–1 can rarely achieve a high practical capacity even at an upper cutoff voltage of 4.6 V due to severe structural instability and interface side reactions. Herein, an in situ strategy of gas–solid modifications during synthesis is proposed to improve the performance of LCO using sulfocompound‐contained expanded graphite (EG) as templates. In situ generated SO2 gas from EG enables the Co‐coating of coherent spinel LixCo2O4 and Li2SO4 and the trace doping of high‐valence S mainly in the near‐surface regions via its reactions with the precursors. The modified LCO possesses excellent structural reversibility, interfacial stability, slight dissolution of Co2+, high diffusion coefficients of Li+, and low O 2p band top. This endows LCO with remarkably improved high‐voltage performance, 222 and 143 mAh g‐1 at 0.1 and 20 C, respectively, and 88% capacity retention over 100 cycles at 1 C for LCO/Li half cells between 2.8 and 4.6 V, and 202 mAh g–1 at 1 C and 87% capacity retention over 1000 cycles between 2.8 and 4.5 V for LCO/graphite full cells. This study provides a unique, simple, and upscalable strategy for performance improvement of electrode materials.
Precision surgery for colorectal liver metastases: Current knowledge and future perspectives
Authors: Margonis Georgios Antonios , Vauthey Jean‐Nicolas
Published: June 2022

Precision surgery for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) includes optimal selection of both the patient and surgery. Initial attempts of using clinical risk scores to identify patients for whom technically feasible surgery is oncologically futile failed. Since then, patient selection for single‐stage hepatectomy followed three distinct approaches, all of which incorporated biomarkers. The BRAF V600E mutation, the G12V KRAS variant, and the triple mutation of RAS, TP53, and SMAD4 appear to be the most promising, but none can be used in isolation to deny surgery in otherwise resectable cases. Combining biomarkers with clinicopathologic factors that predict poor prognosis may be used to select patients for surgery, but external validation and matched analyses with medically treated counterparts are needed. Patient selection for special surgical procedures (two‐stage hepatectomy [TSH], Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein Ligation for staged hepatectomy [ALPPS], and liver transplant [LT]) has been recently refined. Specifically, BRAF mutations and right‐sided laterality have been proposed as separate contraindications to LT. A similar association of right‐sided laterality, particularly when combined with RAS mutations, with very poor outcomes has been observed for ALPPS and has been suggested as a biologic contraindication. Data are scarce for TSH but RAS mutations may portend very poor survival following TSH completion. The selection of the best single‐stage hepatectomy (optimal margin and type of resection) based on biomarkers remains debated, although there is some evidence that RAS may play a significant role. Lastly, although there are currently no criteria to select among the three special techniques based on their efficacy or appropriateness in different settings, RAS mutational status may be used to select patients for TSH, while right‐sided tumor in conjunction with a RAS mutation may be a contraindication to LT and ALPPS.
Improving CH4 uptake and CH4/N2 separation in pillar‐layered metal–organic frameworks using a regulating strategy of interlayer channels
Authors: Chen Yang , Wang Yi , Wang Yong , Xiong Qizhao , Yang Jiangfeng , Li Libo , Li Jinping , Mu Bin
Published: June 2022

A pore engineering strategy involving the regulation of pillars in a series of pillar‐layered metal–organic frameworks was presented to promote pore size adjustment and pore environment optimization for efficient separation of CH4 from coal‐mine methane. Compared with the original Ni(BTC)(BPY) and Ni(BTC)(TED), the suitable pore size and rich supply of carboxylate oxygens in the newly constructed Ni(BTC)(PIZ) resulted in the strongest recognition of CH4, leading to both high CH4 uptake (1.62 mmol/g) and CH4/N2 (50/50) selectivity (7.32) at 298 K and 1 bar. Its optimal balance performance between uptake and selectivity was better than most reported adsorbents, which further led to the most efficient separation of CH4 from CH4/N2 mixtures. The stability of the structure and performance was verified by repeated cycle tests. Overall, it is believed the structure constructed based on the regulation strategy of the interlayer channel would enable the application of promising metal–organic frameworks in industrial gas separation processes.
Intramolecular Chloro–Sulfur Interaction and Asymmetric Side‐Chain Isomerization to Balance Crystallinity and Miscibility in All‐Small‐Molecule Solar Cells
Authors: Gao Wei , Jiang Mengyun , Wu Ziang , Fan Baobing , Jiang Wenlin , Cai Ning , Xie Hua , Lin Francis R. , Luo Jingdong , An Qiaoshi , Woo Han Young , Jen Alex K.‐Y.
Published: June 2022

Intramolecular Cl−S non‐covalent interaction is introduced to modify molecular backbone of a benzodithiophene terthiophene rhodamine (BTR) benchmark structure, helping planarize and rigidify the molecular framework for improving charge transport. Theoretical simulations and temperature‐variable NMR experiments clearly validate the existence of Cl−S non‐covalent interaction in two designed chlorinated donors and explain its important role in enhancing planarity and rigidity of the molecules for enhancing their crystallinity. The asymmetric isomerization of side‐chains further optimizes the molecular orientation and surface energy to strike a balance between its crystallinity and miscibility. This carefully manipulated molecular design helps result in increased carrier mobility and suppressed charge recombination to obtain simultaneously enhanced short‐circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) and a very high efficiency of 15.73 % in binary all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells.
PlyAB Nanopores Detect Single Amino Acid Differences in Folded Haemoglobin from Blood**
Authors: Huang Gang , Voorspoels Aderik , Versloot Roderick Corstiaan Abraham , van der Heide Nieck Jordy , Carlon Enrico , Willems Kherim , Maglia Giovanni
Published: June 2022

The real‐time identification of protein biomarkers is crucial for the development of point‐of‐care and portable devices. Here, we use a PlyAB biological nanopore to detect haemoglobin (Hb) variants. Adult haemoglobin (HbA) and sickle cell anaemia haemoglobin (HbS), which differ by just one amino acid, were distinguished in a mixture with more than 97 % accuracy based on individual blockades. Foetal Hb, which shows a larger sequence variation, was distinguished with near 100 % accuracy. Continuum and Brownian dynamics simulations revealed that Hb occupies two energy minima, one near the inner constriction and one at the trans entry of the nanopore. Thermal fluctuations, the charge of the protein, and the external bias influence the dynamics of Hb within the nanopore, which in turn generates the unique ionic current signal in the Hb variants. Finally, Hb was counted from blood samples, demonstrating that direct discrimination and quantification of Hb from blood using nanopores, is feasible.
Efficient 1400–1600 nm Circularly Polarized Luminescence from a Tuned Chiral Erbium Complex
Authors: Willis Oliver G. , Petri Filippo , Pescitelli Gennaro , Pucci Andrea , Cavalli Enrico , Mandoli Alessandro , Zinna Francesco , Di Bari Lorenzo
Published: June 2022

Novel chiral Er complexes based on both enantiomers of extended iPrPyBox (2,6‐Bis[4‐isopropyl‐4,5‐dihydrooxazol‐2‐yl)]pyridine) show strong near‐infrared circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) within the 1400 to 1600 nm spectral region under 450 nm irradiation. CPL activity in this region, despite being particularly rare, would open the way to potential applications in the domain, e.g., of fiber‐optic telecommunications and free‐space long‐distance optical communications employing circularly polarized light. Moreover, the long wavelength excitation is advantageous for applications in the field of (circularly polarized) microscopy and bioimaging.
Down Syndrome: A Review of Key Perioperative Implications
Authors: Hines Cheryl B. , Simmons Staci A.
Published: June 2022

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in humans that is compatible with life. This syndrome occurs when there is an extra copy of the 21st chromosome. Down syndrome is associated with numerous comorbidities that can pose challenges for the perioperative nurse caring for a patient with DS undergoing surgery. These challenges can affect the patient assessment, communication with the patient, and patient safety (eg, preventing complications). As the life expectancy of people with DS has increased, so too have the chances that perioperative nurses will care for a patient with this disorder. This article reviews the pathophysiology of DS, discusses common comorbidities that may directly affect perioperative care, and reviews an exemplar case study that demonstrates how personnel with knowledge of DS can positively influence surgical team decision making for these patients in the perioperative setting.
Clinical Issues—July 2022
Authors: deKay Karen
Published: June 2022

THIS MONTH

Surgical hand antisepsis recommendations

Key words: surgical hand scrub, alcohol‐based hand rub, dry scrub, wet scrub, antimicrobial.

Surgical hand rub preparation

Key words: surgical hand antiseptic, hand wash, nail pick, hand hygiene, scrub personnel.

Use of a closing tray

Key words: clean‐contaminated, isolation technique, gastrointestinal tract, wound class, wound closure.

Hemostatic agent classification

Key words: Class III medical devices, absorbable hemostatic agents, product classification, medical specialty panels, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).