bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the antiviral arsenal: Computational exploration of Langya virus (L, C, V, W) through phylogenetic analysis and molecular modeling
Authors: Paritala Venu , Kalva Sukesh , Shagamreddy Rajashekhar Reddy
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the resurgence of the Langya virus (LayV) in Eastern China, there is an urgent need for novel antiviral treatments. Given the limited research available on LayV, this study aimed to explore its evolutionary relationships and construct accurate three-dimensional (3D) models of key viral proteins, which are essential for understanding the virus’s mechanisms and vulnerabilities.

Materials and Methods:

Computational approaches were employed to examine the evolutionary relationships of LayV using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA). To build reliable 3D protein structures of the viral proteins C, L, W, and V, SwissModel and Faster AlphaFold (AF) were utilised. Model validation was conducted in PROCHECK, PROSA, Errat, Verify 3D, and Prove. Additionally, binding site analysis was carried out using various platforms such as Computed Atlas of Surface Topography of Proteins (CASTp), PHYRE2, PrankWeb, and SCFBio to ensure the robust identification of key interaction sites.

Results:

The phylogenetic analysis revealed that LayV is closely related to the Henipavirus genus. The structural models generated through SwissModel for the C, L, and W proteins showed high accuracy, with 93.2%, 89.4%, and 87.5% of residues residing in favoured regions, respectively. The AF model of the V protein exhibited optimal structural validation, with 82.0% of residues in favoured regions. Binding site analysis identified key interaction regions essential for targeted drug design.

Conclusion:

This comprehensive study highlighted the close evolutionary relationship between LayV and Henipaviruses and validated the structural models of key LayV proteins, offering a foundation for future antiviral drug design. The robust computational analysis and structural modelling provide a critical framework for selective drug development, contributing to the strategic fight against LayV.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool in cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome 3
Authors: Garg Ankita , Gupta Rajiv , Modi Jayesh Ashok Kumar , Kabiraj Debolina
Published: December 2024

Cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome-3 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by disturbance of expressive and cognitive speech, developmental delay, intellectual deficiency and myopathy. In some rare cases, it is associated with behavioral issues and seizures which usually have an early onset. A 44-month-old girl presented with complaints of speech delay, psychomotor regression, and features of proximal myopathy. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging brain was essentially normal. Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) demonstrated absence of definable creatine peak at 3.0 ppm. Follow-up MRS, post-creatine monohydrate supplementation revealed appearance of creatine metabolite peak at 3.0 ppm suggesting treatment response. In this case report, we are highlighting the potential of MRS as a reliable method of detecting cerebral creatine levels in the cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome as well as documentation of treatment response with oral creatine.
Prenyl diphosphate synthase subunit 2 is downregulated in abdominal aortic aneurysm and retards the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Yong Jun , Tang Shanshan , Yu Lin , Li Meng , Zhang Fang , Fan Xiujie
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex and fatal vascular disease for which specific treatments are still lacking. This study explored the effect and possible mechanisms of prenyl diphosphate synthase subunit 2 (PDSS2) on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Material and Methods:

The AAA cell model was established by treating VSMCs with 1 μM Ang II for 24 h. The effect of Ang II on VSMC viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. The role of PDSS2 on VSMC proliferation was examined using the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine method. The influence of Ang II and PDSS2 on VSMC apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression changes of PDSS2, apoptosis-related proteins, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis.

Results:

After treatment with Ang II, the VSMCs showed decreased viability and increased apoptosis (P < 0.01). PDSS2 expression was low in the AAA tissues and Ang II-treated VSMCs (P < 0.01). PDSS2 promoted the proliferation and blocked the apoptosis of Ang II-treated VSMCs, and si-PDSS2 showed the opposite effect (P < 0.01). PDSS2 also decreased the levels of p-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-PI3K, which, in turn, were increased by si-PDSS2 (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

PDSS2 was downregulated in AAA and retarded the progression of VSMCs partially through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This work explored the molecular mechanism of PDSS2 in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AAA.
Evaluation of simplified carbapenem inactivation method (sCIM) as a phenotypic method for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales: Study from a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Archana Archana , Kokkayil Prathyusha , DebBarma Pramurtajyoti , Priyadarshi Ketan , Thakuria Bhaskar
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

This study aims to assess the feasibility of using the simplified carbapenem inactivation method (sCIM) for detecting carbapenemase production, specifically comparing its efficacy with the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), emphasizing methods applicable in low-resource settings and a minimal learning curve.

Materials and Methods:

To evaluate the performance of sCIM, 102 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CREs) (detected by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique) were selected, which had previously undergone both mCIM testing and genotyping detection of common carbapenemase-encoding genes. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the isolates was done with specific primers targeting carbapenemase genes (blaNDM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSPM, blaKPC, and blaOXA48).

Statistical analysis:

Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v.23. Quantitative variables were described using mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical variables were described using proportions.

Results:

The sensitivity of sCIM was 90.43%, with a specificity of 87.5% when compared to the mCIM. The organism-wise analysis revealed notable sensitivity rates for Escherichia coli (93.44%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (84.38%). Highlighting the efficacy of sCIM in identifying carbapenemase production in them. The specificity for sCIM remained high across all species, with 100% specificity for E. coli and 80% specificity for K. pneumoniae.

Conclusions:

The findings of our study support the efficacy of sCIM as a sensitive and specific method for the rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing CRE. The simplification of procedures and improved detection capabilities make sCIM a promising tool for timely and accurate identification, offering advantages over the traditional mCIM.
Expression of bromodomain-containing 4 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Clinicopathology, prognosis, immunity, and regulatory networks
Authors: Sun Zhen , Guo Xiaopeng , Feng Bao , Chen Huarong , Ling Junjun , Chang Aoshuang , Zhao Houyu , Zhuo Xianlu
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly aggressive, insidious, recurrent, and metastatic head-and-neck malignancy with a poor prognosis. Bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4) was upregulated in various tumors and was associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the biological function of BRD4 in NPC and the molecular mechanisms of expression regulation.

Materials and Methods:

Based on biological big data, the expression, clinical significance, and possible biological functions of BRD4 in head-and-neck cancer were explored by bioinformatics. Then, based on a tissue microarray containing a cohort of NPC, BRD4 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry to explore its clinical significance and impact on prognosis.

Statistical analysis:

A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results:

BRD4 expression was upregulated in NPC and positively correlated with metastasis, higher tumor grades, and clinical stages, which might be positively correlated with copy number variation, CD4+ T cells, and immune checkpoint suppressor genes. Moreover, the sensitivity of cancer cells to paclitaxel and gemcitabine was negatively correlated with BRD4 expression. In addition, immunohistochemical staining showed that BRD4 was overexpressed in NPC tissues, which was correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

BRD4 is highly expressed in NPC tissues and is associated with a poor prognosis. Its aberrant expression may be closely linked to alterations in the immune microenvironment and chemotherapeutic resistance. Moreover, BRD4 is not only an oncogene in NPC but also a potential therapeutic target.
« Deviens ce que tu es »
Authors: Romano Claude
Published: December 2024

Ce texte se propose un double objectif : 1) avancer une interprétation du célèbre vers de la deuxième Pythique de Pindare, genoi’ oios essi mathôn, en le replaçant dans le contexte de la célébration de la sagesse du souverain de Syracuse, Hiéron Ier, qui conjoint les exploits aux Jeux pythiques et olympiques et une conscience aiguë des limites de l’humain qui lui attire les bienfaits des dieux, et où la question n'est pas de "devenir soi-même", avec les accents individualistes qui s'attachent pour nous à cette expression, que de se montrer digne de ses exploits et de sa lignée, et donc conforme à ce qu'il est vraiment ; 2) examiner par quel jeu de déplacements et de transpositions cette formule a pu être traduite par Nietzsche, d'abord, par Heidegger, ensuite, par un "Deviens ce que tu es" dont l'accentuation est toute différente. Cette étude constitue ainsi une apostille à l'archéologie de l'idéal contemporain d'authenticité personnelle que l'auteur a développée dans Être soi-même (Gallimard, 2019).
РОЛЬ ФЕЙКОВ В ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ И ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ СФЕРЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ
Authors: Кондрашов С.В. , Кызлаков К.А. , Андриевских М.В.
Published: December 2024

Актуальность темы данного исследования состоит в том, что в настоящее время фейки появляются все чаще, и это вызывает озабочен- ность у академического сообщества, особенно когда речь идет о возможном влиянии фейковых новостей на выборы, общественное мнение, отношение к власти и даже на международные отношения. Проблема фейков особенно остро обсуждается в последнее десятилетие, что в первую очередь связано с напряженной экономической и политической обстановкой в мире. Кроме того, так же влияет рост альтернативных средств массовой информации и роли социальных сетей в качестве платформы для фейковых новостей. Все это делает фальшивые новости более актуальными, чем когда-либо прежде. В современных реалиях социальные сети позволяют пользователям одно- временно быть производителями и потребителями контента и способствуют распространению информации, вводящей в заблуждение, поддельной или сфабрикованной. Таким образом, создается порочный круг, и фейковая но- вость повторяется тысячи раз. Все это происходит в контексте постправды и относится к обстоятельствам, когда объективные факты менее важны при формировании общественного мнения, чем апелляции к эмоциям или лич- ным убеждениям. Право граждан на получение надлежащей информации страдает от воздействия этого явления, которое становится все более опас- ным и все больше влияет на общественное мнение.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КАДРОВОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Ермишина О.Ф. , Халитова А.Д. , Кочергина Е.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается сущность кадровой безопасности как слияние внешних и внутренних кадровых рисков. Представлен обзор научной литературы экономистов, изучающих проблему формирования ка- дровой политики по обеспечению кадровой безопасности, сформулированы цели и задачи проведенного исследования. Авторами проведен анализ ка- дровых проблем, сделаны выводы по управлению кадровыми рисками и при- ведены методы борьбы с ними. Проведена статистическая оценка внешних рисков через IT-компании и специалистов, выявлена негативная тенденция оттока кадров в РФ, особенно IT-сферы в 2022 году. Исследование позво- лило авторам дать конкретные предложения по управлению внутренними и внешними кадровыми рисками, через соблюдение процедур анкетирования, собеседования, испытательного срока, за счет повышения интеллектуально- го развития персонала, мотивационного уровня, а также совершенствования мер государственной поддержки.
Lipoic acid/ethyl lipoate as cleavable comonomers for synthesis of degradable polymer networks
Authors: Dawson Frances , Kopeć Maciej
Published: December 2024

α-Lipoic acid, and its derived ester ethyl lipoate, can copolymerise with n-butyl acrylate to install labile disulfide bonds within the polymer backbone. Covalently crosslinked gel networks containing these comonomers were synthesised by conventional (FRP) and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. Gels synthesised by both methods and using both comonomers could be degraded by thiol-disulfide exchange to form soluble polymer fragments. The critical comonomer loading for degradation was lower for RAFT synthesised gels due to their more homogenous network structure. As these fragments where thiol functional, they could be oxidised in air with a base catalyst to reform a solid network. However, the presence of the carboxylic acid and the relatively low dispersity of the fragments act to prevent regelation. Therefore, only the gels containing the minimum amount of ethyl lipoate synthesised by RAFT could successfully regel as these fragments had no acid functionality and the highest dispersity value. We suggest that uniform comonomer incorporation leading to lower dispersity of the degraded fragments can be detrimental for the efficient reformation of the degraded network. However, the large amounts of the lipoate comonomer allow the dynamic exchange properties of the disulfide bonds within the polymer backbone, in the presence of DBU catalyst, to impart the networks with self-healing ability with no external pressure or heat.
Desymmetric Esterification Catalysed by Bifunctional Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Provides Access to Inherently Chiral Calix[4]arenes
Authors: Dočekal Vojtěch , Lóška Ladislav , Kurčina Adam , Císařová Ivana , Veselý Jan
Published: December 2024

Calix[4]arenes display inherent chirality, with broad applications in synthetic and medicinal chemistry and in materials sciences. However, their use is hindered by their limited synthetic accessibility, primarily due to the lack of enantioselective methods for preparing chiral calixarenes with an ABCC substitution pattern. Here, we address this challenge by presenting a simple, efficient, and metal-free protocol for organocatalytic desymmetrisation of prochiral diformylcalix[4]arenes. Through this highly effective and sustainable approach, we synthesized structurally unique products in gram-scale reactions. Accordingly, this method facilitated extensive post-functionalisations of the carbonyl groups, including for organocatalyst development. Furthermore, our experimental mechanistic studies demonstrated that desymmetrisation determines enantiocontrol in esterification reactions catalysed by N-heterocyclic carbenes. These findings underscore the broad potential of this method for providing versatile access to inherently chiral calix[4]arenes with an ABCC substitution pattern while offering a valuable platform for asymmetric molecular recognition and catalysis.
Organocatalytic Aerobic Oxidative Monodealkylation of tert-Amines to sec-Amines
Authors: Sasano Yusuke , Shimabayashi Haruki , Akutsu Shuhei , Sasaki Ryota , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu
Published: December 2024

The highly efficient monodealkylation of tertiary amines was achieved using hydroxylamine and NOx catalysts under mildly aerobic conditions. This approach demonstrates high functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, including amino acids and alkaloids with complex structures. Mechanistic studies have suggested that the reaction proceeds via aminium radical cations via the one-electron oxidation of tertiary amines.
Dearomative Skeletal Editing of Benzenoids via Diradical
Authors: Chen Qing-An , Zhang Xiang-Xin , Xu Shan-Tong , Li Xue-Ting , Song Ting-Ting , Ji Ding-Wei
Published: December 2024

Dearomative skeletal editing of benzenoids represents a promising yet challenging strategy for the rapid construction of high-value carbon frameworks from readily accessible starting materials. Büchner reaction is a unique type of dearomatizative ring expansion that transforms benzenoids into functionalized cycloheptatrienes (CHTs). However, due to challenges in compatibil-ity and selectivity, achieving seamless integration of this reaction with upgrading transformations within a unified system re-mains undeveloped. Here, we demonstrated an energy transfer–induced intermolecular dearomative skeletal editing reaction of benzenoids with a range of electronically diverse alkynes. This protocol employed N-acylimines as diradical precursors to efficiently construct various formally rearranged heteropropellanes in high chemo-, regio- and diastereoselectivities that have been previously inaccessible. The challenges related to general reactivity and selectivity issues were circumvented through smooth merging of the photoinduced Büchner reaction with radical [6+2] cycloaddition. Experimental and computational stud-ies have been performed to support diradical mechanism and interpret the origins of the observed chemo-, regio- and dia-stereoselectivities.
Realization of a photoelectrochemical cascade for the generation of methanol, a liquid solar fuel
Authors: Chan Thomas , Kong Calton J. , Rome Grace A. , Collins Darci , King Alex J. , Prabhakar Rajiv Ramanujam , Collins Sarah A. , Young Michelle S. , Wilson Mickey J. , Steiner Myles A. , Tamboli Adele C. , Warren Emily L. , Kubiak Clifford P. , Ager Joel W. , Greenaway Ann L.
Published: December 2024

Biochemical networks use reaction cascades to selectively reduce CO2 using energy from sunlight, but can similar selectivity be achieved by applying a cascade approach to an engineered system? Here, we report the design and implementation of a two-step photoelectrochemical (PEC) cascade to a liquid solar fuel: reduction of CO2 to CO and subsequent reduction of CO to methanol. The potentials required to perform the reductions were generated using custom-made III-V-based three-terminal tandem (3TT) solar cells. Cobalt phthalocyanine immobilized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CoPc/MWCNT) catalyzed both reactions. Multiphysics simulations of electrolyte flow and non-illuminated electrochemical measurements were used to narrow the operating parameters for the CoPc/MWCNT 3TT photocathodes. The champion integrated photocathode produced methanol with 3.8 ± 0.4% Faradaic efficiency (FE), with tested photocathodes having 0.7-3.8% methanol FE. Products were quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The current output of the tested photocathodes was highly stable, and methanol production continued over multiple experiments. The low methanol yield is attributed to insufficient CO flux to, and CO2 depletion at, the methanol-producing subcell when both contacts are active, which is supported by the observation that a control photoelectrode slightly outperformed the methanol production of the 3TT device. Methanol production ceased when the 3TT subcell driving CO reduction was deactivated, supporting the assignment of a cascade mechanism. The major factors resulting in low methanol FE by the CoPc/MWCNT 3TT photocathodes are insufficient CO2 depletion at the methanol-producing contact and uncertainty in operating potential selection using the 3TT design. Although the CoPc/MWCNT 3TT photocathode is not yet highly selective, this work develops the basic science principles underlying the PEC cascade, demonstrates the co-design of a 3TT-based photoelectrode to produce carbon-based fuels, and finally discusses routes for improving product yields with this concept, including CO2 supply optimization and alternative photoelectrode and catalyst materials.
Towards Self-Driving Labs for Better Batteries: Accelerating Electrolyte Discovery with Automation and Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Yik Jackie T. , Hvarfner Carl , Sjölund Jens , Berg Erik J. , Zhang Leiting
Published: December 2024

The integration of automation and data-driven methodologies offer a promising approach to accelerating materials discovery in energy storage research. Thus far, in battery research, coin-cell assembly has advanced to become near fully-automated but remains largely disconnected from data-driven methods, which have been primarily developed for computational or multi-fidelity datasets. To bridge the disconnect, this work presents a self-driving laboratory framework designed to accelerate electrolyte discovery by integrating automated coin-cell assembly, galvanostatic cycling of LiFePO4||Li4Ti5O12 organic-aqueous full-cells, and Bayesian optimization for selecting subsequent experiments based on prior results. The integration of Bayesian optimization highlights machine-intelligent decision-making, enabling closed-loop experimentation-analysis workflow. The study focuses on an organic-aqueous hybrid electrolyte system comprising four co-solvents—dimethyl sulfoxide, trimethyl phosphate, acetonitrile, and water—and two salts, lithium perchlorate and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). Using this framework, electrolyte formulations with at least 94% Coulombic efficiency were identified. Additionally, quantification of hydrogen evolution by online electrochemical mass spectrometry revealed a direct correlation between the electrolyte water content and the hydrogen evolution kinetics, irrespective of the electrolyte co-solvent compositions. The results highlight the potential of combining Bayesian optimization with autonomous experimentation, while contributing new insights into electrolyte design for next-generation sustainable aqueous batteries.
Relaxation optimized heteronuclear experiments for extending the size limit of RNA nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Shah Aarsh , Patel Heer , Kanjarpane Arjun , Summers Michael , Marchant Jan
Published: December 2024

The application of NMR to large RNAs has been limited by the inability to perform heteronuclear correlation experiments essential for resolving overlapping 1H NMR signals, determining inter-proton distance restraints and inter-helical orientations for structure calcula-tions, and evaluating conformational dynamics. Approaches exploiting 1H-13C correlations that are routinely applied to proteins and small RNAs of ~60 nucleotides or fewer are impractical for larger RNAs due to rapid dipolar relaxation of protons by their attached car-bons. Here we report a 2H-enhanced, 1H-15N correlation approach that enables atom-specific NMR characterization of much larger RNAs. Purine H8 transverse relaxation rates are reduced ~20-fold with ribose perdeuteration, enabling efficient magnetization transfer via two-bond 1H-15N couplings. We focus on H8-N9 correlation spectra which benefit from favorable N9 chemical shift anisotropy. Chemical shift assignment is enabled by retention of protons at the C1′ position, which allow measurement of two-bond H1′-N9 and through-space H1′-H8 correlations with only a minor effect on H8 relaxation. The approach is demonstrated for the 232 nucleotide HIV-1 Rev response element, where chemical shift assignments, 15N-edited nuclear Overhauser effects, and 1H-15N residual dipolar couplings are readily obtained from sensitive, high-resolution spectra. Heteronuclear correlated NMR methods that have been essential for the study of proteins can now be extended to RNAs of at least 78 kDa.
Solvent channels and proton transfer pathways in peroxidase catalysis
Authors: Suardiaz Reynier , Kwon Hanna , van der Kamp Marc , González-Sánchez Lola , Moody Peter , Raven Emma , Mulholland Adrian
Published: December 2024

The active site architecture of all heme enzymes is designed for fully controlled formation of highly reactive heme intermediates for oxidative catalysis. Finely tuned proton delivery to and from the heme, substrates and active site water molecules is essential, yet the mechanisms of proton delivery and the sources of protons are poorly understood in all heme enzymes. This information is important if the power of heme enzymes is to be exploited for bespoke catalysis. Here, proton transfer pathways in a heme peroxi-dase enzyme (ascorbate peroxidase) are identified using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, DFT calculations, QM(DFT)/MM calculations and QM(DFTB2)/MM MD simulations. The results show that an active site arginine residue, Arg38, is predominantly positively charged but can transiently deprotonate and adopt different tautomeric states, potentially accepting and donating pro-tons to nearby water molecules, depending on the instantaneous local environment. Extensive MD simulations identify two hy-drated tunnels through which protons from solvent can access the active site from the - and -edges of the heme. In the active site, dynamic proton exchange can occur, assisted by an active site distal histidine residue, and relayed to the substrate via Arg38. QM/MM free energy calculations demonstrate the feasibility of the transfer of a proton from solvent to His42 via distal water molecules. Rather than a simplistic model for proton delivery – where a single substrate provides a single proton (and an electron) – the data instead indicate multiple possible routes for proton delivery during reaction.
Why Ti3C2Tx MXenes Are Conductive but Not Plasmonic in the Optical Domain
Authors: Fang Hui , Fang Zhenyao , Thakur Anupma , Rad Vahid , Chandran B S Nithin , Michałowski Paweł , Soroush Masoud , Anasori Babak , Rappe Andrew M. , Fakhraai Zahra
Published: December 2024

MXenes have shown great potential in electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, optical properties of these highly conductive two-dimentional materials are not fully understood. The near-infrared (IR) optical peak (∼1.5 eV) in Ti3C2Tx with mixed terminations (T: O, OH, F, Cl) has sparked debates, attributing the peak to a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) or an inter-band transition (IBT). Here, density functional theory calculations conclusively assign the peak to an IBT that exists only in Ti3C2O2. Both experiments and calculations corroborate that this peak is absent in Ti3C2Cl2. Moreover, calculations predict SPR in the mid-IR (∼0.5 eV, outside optical domain) for Ti3C2O2, but not for Ti3C2Cl2. Our results reconcile conflicting interpretations of the debate, allowing for optimized use of Ti3C2Tx MXenes, by leveraging their IBT optical signature, which is size-independent and distinct from the size-dependent plasmonic effect.
Influencia de la prensa en la imagen proyectada de un servicio público: cobertura periodística de Lima Airport Partners entre enero y junio del 2022
Authors: Llontop Mónica , Domenack Wendy , Lavado Eduardo , Novoa Carlos
Published: December 2024

La presente nota académica es el resultado de una alianza estratégica entre la empresa Lima Airport Partners (LAP), empresa operadora del Aeropuerto Internacional Jorge Chávez, y la Universidad de Lima, en el marco de una investigación académica que da cuenta sobre el impacto de las informaciones de los medios de prensa, generalistas, especializados, tradicionales y digitales, en los niveles de valoración de la relación público-privada que vincula a LAP con el Estado peruano a través del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones (MTC) y del Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Infraestructura de Transporte de Uso Público (Ositrán), en torno al servicio de la infraestructura del transporte aeroportuario, cuya principal característica es el carácter público, lo que significa que existe un alto nivel de interés de la ciudadanía, las autoridades, los gremios vinculados a la aeronáutica, los pasajeros, y demás grupos de interés, por conocer los productos periodísticos referidos al tema, produciendo así niveles de reconocimiento, confianza y valoración sobre las marcas corporativas e institucionales involucradas. En ese sentido, uno de los principales hallazgos visibiliza la necesidad de contar con aliados en la formación de corrientes de opinión pública positiva sobre las marcas, pues la legitimidad implica diversidad de voces, lo que significa más fuentes periodísticas consultadas por la prensa.
Comunicación de la responsabilidad social en redes sociales y su relación con la reputación corporativa de las empresas del sector hidrocarburos en la región Loreto, 2022
Authors: Santa Cruz Sandoval Carla Milagros , Balta Velarde José Manuel
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal determinar cuál es la relación entre la comunicación de la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) en redes sociales y la reputación corporativa de las empresas del sector hidrocarburos que operaron en la región Loreto el año 2022. En tal sentido, luego de revisar la bibliografía necesaria, se diseñó un cuestionario con base en las variables de las dimensiones de la comunicación de la RSC en redes sociales y de la reputación corporativa. El trabajo de campo incluyó entrevistas a especialistas en comunicación, así como encuestas a los trabajadores de las empresas de hidrocarburos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la comunicación de la responsabilidad social corporativa en redes sociales y las cuatro dimensiones seleccionadas (diálogo entre las empresas y grupos de interés, credibilidad y legitimidad, aumento del engagement, marketing y marketing social) realizadas por las empresas, contribuyeron positivamente a la reputación de las organizaciones.
Automatic Captcha Recognition Technology Based on AI
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Singh Utkarsh , Bharti Vikrant ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Raj Yash ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Verma Vishal ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Mishra Pawan ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Singhal Dr.Vikas ,   Professor & Head, Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Sahu Dr.Ajay ,   Professor, Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

Captcha (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is doing an phenomenal critical object for safeguarding online systems from automated bots and ensuring user authentication. With advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), captcha recognition technology has undergone significant transformation, allowing automated systems to decipher even highly complex captcha formats with remarkable accuracy. This paper dives onto application of AI methodologies, with addition of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for effective captcha solving. Through the use of various advanced algorithms, AI systems excel in tasks such as text recognition, segmentation, and noise reduction, addressing traditional challenges like distortion and visual clutter. The study also evaluates the associated security risks, ethical considerations, and potential counterstrategies to strengthen system defenses.
Smart Campus: Based Automatic Attendance System Using Photo Face Recognition
Authors:   Department of information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Singh Archana , Sahu Dr. Ajay ,   Professor, Department of information Technology,  Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Nishad Avinash ,   Department of information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Yadav Atul ,   Department of information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Pratap Astendra ,   Department of information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: December 2024

This review examines a number of experiments that use the Smart Attendance system to record attendance using facial recognition. In many organizational and educational contexts, managing attendance effectively and accurately is essential. Manual attendance tracking using traditional methods is laborious and prone to mistakes. The suggested system recognizes and confirms the identity of people in a certain context by using computer vision and deep learning techniques. It enables smooth and effective attendance tracking by using facial recognition algorithms to capture and match facial features with records already in a database.
Enhancing IOT Systems with Machine Learning: A Framework for Intelligent Decision Making
Authors:   Professor, Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Sahu Dr.Ajay , Raj Ayush ,   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Kumar Ayush ,   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) with machine learning (ML) holds considerable promise for advancing green computing. By optimizing resource use, reducing energy consumption, and fostering sustainable practices, this integration has the potential to significantly contribute to environmental sustainability. This paper delves into how IoT and ML can work together in areas like energy management, predictive maintenance, HVAC optimization, smart agriculture, and waste management. It also examines the challenges in deploying these technologies, such as concerns around data privacy, scalability, resource constraints, and interoperability. Looking ahead, the paper highlights emerging trends like edge computing, federated learning, AI-driven sustainable solutions, and the development of smart cities, which offer exciting avenues for future research and development. Ultimately, the combination of IoT and ML is seen as a powerful tool to not only enhance operational efficiency but also to achieve broader sustainability goals.
Hubungan Pelayanan Dan Komunikasi Perawat Dengan Kepuasan Pasien
Authors: Dwi Puja Okta , Aprina Aprina , Sunarsih Sunarsih
Published: December 2024

Pelayanan kesehatan yang tepat serta berdasarkan standar akan menimbulkan kepuasan untuk pasien dalam mengevaluasi kinerja layanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan wawancara pada bulan Desember 2023 di Ruang Rawat Inap Bedah RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung terhadap 10 responden, 6 responden (60%) menyatakan bahwa beberapa perawat tidak menerngkan tindakan yang hendak dilaksanakan serta lambat merespon keluhan pasien. Studi ini memiliki tujuan dalam rangka mengidentifikasi korelasi pada pelayanan dan komunikasi perawat dan kepuasan pasien di ruang rawat inap bedah RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung. Studi ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-April menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 83 responden dengan sampel aksidental. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan variabel terikat kepuasan pasien dan variabel tida terikat pelayanan serta komunikasi perawat. Analisis data mempergunakan uji Chi-square mempergunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Temuan dari studi inimenunjukkan 94% (78 orang) responden menyatakan komunikasi perawat selalu baik dan 96,4% (80 orang) responden menyatakan pelayanan perawat baik. Hasil korelasi menunjukkan p-value = 0,000 < 0,05, yang artinya ada hubungan signifikan antara pelayanan dan komunikasi perawat dan kepuasan pasien. Disarankan agar perawat terus memberikan pelayanan yang baik, tepat, cepat, ramah, dan selalu tersenyum kepada pasien.
Optimizing Cognitive Radio Networks with Deep Learning-Based Semantic Spectrum Sensing
Authors: N Mahesh Kumar , R Arthi
Published: December 2024

Spectrum aggregation in 4G and 5G networks is a technique used to combine multiple frequency bands to boost communication performance. The cognitive radio feature improves the ability to combine spectrum in LTE and 5G environments by enabling dynamic spectrum sensing. Spectrum sensing is a major problem in spectrum aggregation due to the presence of various types of interference, such as noise. Phase noise is an issue due to its 1 MHz frequency offset experienced within 5G's 28 GHz operating band, with the distorted signal generating more spectrum sensing-related errors. To solve this problem, the proposed work suggests an optimized deep learning-based semantic spectrum sensing model using three sets of optimizers (ResNet-50, DeepLab V3 and sand cat) offering a high detection accuracy of 99.7% with the optimized training parameter of a high signal-to-noise ratio equaling 40 dB.
Examining the Reasons why South African Educators relocate to the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
Authors: Mohamed Aneesa , Dasoo Nazreen , Israel Hilda
Published: December 2024

The present era of increased globalization has introduced concerns about the emigration of skilled labour from developing countries. There has been a revitalization of interest amongst legislators and researchers in the probability of a harmful 'brain drain' in South Africa. Professionals from developing countries fill the voids in the labour market in developed countries. This study aimed to answer the question, "Why are so many South African teachers moving to the Gulf countries?" This study examined why South African teachers moved overseas to teach at schools in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Kuwait). Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used with 25 educational professionals. Participants revealed that the inability to earn a reasonable salary, employment corruption and lack of professional growth opportunities are some of the main reasons why they left South Africa and moved to the Gulf region, in addition to others. The results highlighted the need for a programme in which South Africa's Department of Education and related parties offer incentives to deter teachers from relocating overseas. They should also incentivize qualified and skilled teachers to return, knowing that a support structure is in place considering their experiences abroad. Education researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders will benefit from this research's understanding of how to effectively meet the needs of South African teachers and halt the brain drain after qualified teachers graduate. These stakeholders will also know how to acknowledge teaching challenges in university curricula and how to encourage recent graduates to stay in South Africa so that the country may take advantage of their skills and education.
Empowering South African Women in Mining: Redesigned Personal Protective Clothing (PPC) Solutions
Authors: Mathuloe Omphile , Mastamet-Mason Anne , Ramatla Aubrey
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of female workers in the South African mining sector. This change highlights the need for personalized personal protective clothing (PPC) that specifically meets the requirements of female employees, including accommodating diverse body sizes and ensuring the best possible fit. Current studies in South Africa indicate that existing PPCs, initially designed for male miners, should adequately cater to female miners' safety and comfort needs. Specifically, the current one-piece PPC poses practical challenges, particularly regarding ease of restroom use. This research project aims to redesign a one-piece personal protective clothing (PPC) specifically for women miners in South Africa. The study focuses on women's sizes, fit, and functional requirements to create a comfortable PPC. The design process involved female miners to ensure inclusivity. The research used a qualitative method to identify participants for interviews, fit testing and observation checklists for fit assessment. Central to the design process is prioritizing the one-piece PPC's functionality, considering factors like ease of toilet use and movement during work activities. This research ensures that the proposed one-piece PPC is functionally adequate, appropriately sized and well-fitting by actively engaging female miners throughout the development phases. The results indicated that the redesigned one-piece PPC had enhanced size and fit factors, resulting in a comfortable PPC that facilitates easy toilet use. The research demonstrates that engaging PPC users in the process results in a better-designed garment.
Influence of Gamification on Student Learning and Teacher Training
Authors: Dasoo Nazreen
Published: December 2024

Lecturers continuously change their teaching approaches to meet the evolving needs of their students in the teaching and learning environment. This occurrence necessitates integrating innovative methods to engage students with course content effectively. Teacher training programmes must adapt to challenges and update their content to include new technology, preparing future teachers for its integration into their practice. To address the challenge of maintaining student interest, some teacher educators have explored the introduction of Gamification as an alternative and engaging teaching strategy. Gamification involves using game elements in non-game contexts and using game thinking mechanisms to enhance problem-solving skills. An investigation involving 150 student teachers was conducted, inviting them to participate in a gamified learning environment where they would learn about a specific topic in their module on assessment. Following this, the students completed a survey in which they responded to the experience of using a game to learn the content. The collected data was analysed using self-efficacy theory and self-determination theory. The study's results revealed that most students reported heightened engagement and enjoyment when course content was presented through a gamified approach. They also expressed increased motivation and appreciation for the gamified material. The findings of this inquiry align with other recent research, emphasizing the benefits of Gamification as a pedagogical tool. Gamification has the potential to drive innovative teaching strategies, enhance student engagement, and boost motivation. The study also recommends how gaming elements can be seamlessly integrated into course design and discusses the implications of using Gamification on the scholarship of teaching and learning.
Inquiry-based Learning in Natural Sciences through the Application of the 5E Model to Develop Natural Inquiry Competence for Middle School Students in Vietnam
Authors: Chau Bui Ngoc Phuong , Bao Huynh Gia , Oanh Dang Thi , Mai Do Thi Quynh
Published: December 2024

Vietnam's new general education curriculum is transferring from content orientation to students' competence and quality development orientation. The 2018 general education program introduces notable changes from the previous 2006 curriculum. A major innovation is the incorporation of the Natural Science subject at the middle school level, which replaces the previously separate subjects of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. This integration underscores the importance of cultivating students' natural inquiry skills, making it a key area of research in the context of ongoing educational reforms in Vietnam. The Natural Science curriculum emphasizes the need to implement Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) to foster students' natural inquiry abilities. This study aims to apply the 5E model in teaching the topic "Pure Substances, Mixtures – Separating Substances from Mixtures" in Natural Science 6 to enhance students' natural inquiry competence, thereby contributing to the modernization of teaching methods and improving the quality of Natural Sciences education. The pedagogical experiment was carried out in three middle schools across the Northern and Central–Central Highlands regions of Vietnam, involving a total of 114 students. Data collected from teacher assessments and student self-assessments reveal a clear enhancement in natural inquiry competence among students in the experimental classes, highlighting the effectiveness of the 5E model in achieving educational goals.
Female Body Beauty Ideals and Their Impact on Fashion Size Standards: A Comparative Study of Western and South African Perspectives
Authors: Mastamet-Mason Anne , Sokhetye Phumza Ntombovuyo , Tilahum Yoseph Daniel
Published: December 2024

This research examines evolving perceptions of the ideal female body in Western and African societies. While Western cultures increasingly favor thin-curvy body types, African ideals continue to emphasize narrow waists, wide hips, and rounded breasts. However, the definition of the ideal African body has expanded to encompass shapes achieved through padded clothing and technological advancements, driven significantly by influential African female celebrities celebrated for their curvaceous physiques. Employing qualitative and quantitative methods, the study investigates how these celebrity body types influence body transformations among social media followers. Participants from South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, and Kenya (n=100, aged 25-45) revealed a strong preference for hourglass figures with narrow waists, large busts, and extra-large hips (65%). Celebrity influence was substantial, with 80% of participants expressing readiness to alter their bodies to emulate these figures, predominantly through padded undergarments and grooming techniques rather than plastic surgery. These findings emphasize the need for the fashion industry to adapt sizing systems to accommodate diverse body shapes, natural or transformed, as influenced by social media trends and technological innovations.