bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lycopene Promotes Osteogenesis and Reduces Adipogenesis through Regulating FoxO1/PPARγ Signaling in OVX Rats and BMSCs
Authors: Xia Bingke , Dai Xuan , Shi Hanfen , Yin Jiyuan , Xu Tianshu , Liu Tianyuan , Yue Gaiyue , Guo Haochen , Liang Ruiqiong , Liu Yage , Gao Junfeng , Wang Xinxiang , Chen Xiaofei , Tang Jinfa , Wang Lili , Zhu Ruyuan , Zhang Dongwei
Published: April 2024

Recent interest in preventing the development of osteoporosis has focused on the regulation of redox homeostasis. However, the action of lycopene (LYC), a strong natural antioxidant com-pound, on osteoporotic bone loss remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the administra-tion of LYC to OVX rats reduces body weight gain, improves lipid metabolism and preserves bone quality. In addition, LYC treatment inhibits ROS overgeneration in serum and bone marrow in OVX rats, and in BMSCs upon H2O2 stimulation, leading to inhibiting adipogenesis and pro-moting osteogenesis during bone remodeling. Mechanically, LYC may improve bone quality via an increase in the expressions of FoxO1 and Runx2, and a decrease in the expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα in OVX rats and BMSCs. Collectively, these findings suggest that LYC attenuates osteoporotic bone loss through promoting osteogenesis and inhibiting adipogenesis via regula-tion of the FoxO1/PPARγ pathway driven by oxidative stress, presenting a novel strategy for os-teoporosis management.
Wenzhou TE: A First-Principles Calculated Thermoelectric Materials Database
Authors: Fang Ying , Shao Hezhu
Published: April 2024

Since the implementation of the Materials Genome Project by the Obama administration in the United States, the development of various computational materials databases has fundamentally expanded the choices of industries such as materials and energy. In the field of thermoelectric materials, the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT quantifies the performance of the material. From the viewpoint of calculations for vast materials, the ZT values are not easily obtained due to their computational complexity. Here, we show how to build a database of thermoelectric materials based on first-principles calculations for the electronic and heat transport of materials. Firstly, the initial structures are classified according to the values of bandgap and other basic properties using the clustering algorithm K-means in machine learning, and high-throughput first principles calculations are carried out for narrow-bandgap semiconductors which exhibiting potential thermoelectric application. The present framework of calculations mainly includes deformation potential module, electrical transport performance module, mechanical and thermodynamic properties module. We have also set up a search webpage for the calculated database of thermoelectric materials, providing searching and viewing the related physical properties of materials. Our work may inspire the construction of more computational databases of first-principle thermoelectric materials and accelerate research progress in the field of thermoelectrics.
Estimation of Pointing Errors of Large Radio Telescopes under Solar Radiation Based on Digital Twin
Authors: Wei Shanxiang , Kong Deqing , Wang Binlan , Fu Lianbo , Xiao Wenrong , Yin Zongming , Li Yongxiang , Xiao Zhouzhou
Published: April 2024

The pointing accuracy of large radio telescopes is affected by antenna structure errors, installation errors, servo errors, gravity, and varying environmental factors. It is hard to estimate the pointing error of radio telescopes under solar radiation via the traditional multi-parameter static pointing models, due to the time-varying characteristics of the dynamic pointing error. There is still no effective way to estimate the dynamic pointing error of large radio telescopes under solar radiation up to now. To estimate the dynamic pointing error of large radio telescopes under solar radiation, a new way based on digital twin(DT) is tried in this paper. The operational framework of the DT system of large radio telescopes is introduced first. Then, the Wuqing 70-m radio telescope(WRT70) is taken as the research object, the digital models of which are created. Finally, the reliability of the WRT70's DT system is verified and the dynamic pointing error of WRT70(staying at the position of the elevation angle of 90° and the azimuth angle of 180°) on two sunny days in different seasons is estimated by the created DT system. The research results show that the pointing error of large radio telescopes under solar radiation fluctuates greatly and the seasonal differences are very striking. The maximum elevation pointing error of WRT70 under solar radiation around the winter solstice is over 40 arcsec, which should never be ignored. The way is feasible to estimate the dynamic pointing error of large radio telescopes staying at a specific position under solar radiation via constructing a DT system in this paper, but it is not yet able to estimate effectively the dynamic pointing error of large radio telescopes being in action. It is expected to establish a dynamic pointing error model and calibrate the dynamic pointing errors of large radio telescopes being in action by DT technology in the future.
Dampak Disclosure Sustainibility Report Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Industri Dasar dan Kimia
Authors: Vastuvica Vinsensia , Ayu Stephana Dyah
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai dampak Pengungkapan Sustainability Report terhadap profitabilitas. Pengungkapan Laporan Keberlanjutan diproksikan dengan Economic Disclosure Index (EcDI), Environmental Disclosure Index (EnDI), dan Social Disclosure Index (SoDI). Profitabilitas diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA) dan Gross Profit Margin (GPM). Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (2020-2022). Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 12 perusahaan yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science), dengan analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji hipotesis. Analisis regresi terdapat pengaruh Pengungkapan Sustainability Report terhadap Profitabilitas, namun secara parsial masing-masing variabel EcDI, EnDI, dan SoDI tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas.
LITERATURE REVIEW : ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL CONDITION REQUIREMENTS IN SEATED VOLLEYBALL GAMES
Authors: Setiyawan Andri Asrul , Hidayatullah Muhammad Furqon
Published: April 2024

ABSTRCT

This literature review aims to determine several aspects of the physical condition requirements in sitting volleyball games. The method used is literature observation from three electronic databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. This study is based on an examination of 5 studies published between 2013 and 2023 using the SPIDER or Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research type analysis types. The sample used in the reviewed article is elite seated volleyball athletes in their country. The results of the literature review of the 5 articles used in this literature insight show that aspects of physical condition in the sitting volleyball game are very much needed, especially in the upper body and in the training process you must pay attention to various aspects including gender, identification of injuries and type of classification, namely VS1 ( heavy) and VS2 (light). The conclusion from this literature review is that regularly programmed and organized management of physical condition aspects can improve the ability to play seated volleyball in athletes with disabilities.

Keywords: physical condition and sitting volleyball
THE INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE HABITS, EXERCISE MOTIVATION AND BODY MASS INDEX ON PHYSICAL FITNESS IN STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Yusrifar Mujibuddin  , Nurdin Fatah , Puspitorini Wahyuningtyas , Subandi Oman Unju , Nasution Harry Syahputra
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise motivation, exercise habits and body mass index on the physical fitness of junior high school students. This study uses associative quantitative research methods, with test and non-test techniques. The analysis technique uses a path analysis approach. The population in this study was a junior high school with a total of 80 students, with the selection of samples using simple random sampling method, namely by taking samples at random. Based on the results of this study it can be interpreted that (1) There is an insignificant effect of exercise habits on body mass index of 23.4% (2) There is a significant effect of exercise motivation on body mass index of 27.3% (3) There is an insignificant effect a significant effect of exercise habits on physical fitness is 0.1% (4) There is a non-significant effect of motivation to exercise on physical fitness of 44.7% (5) an insignificant effect of body mass index on physical fitness is 2.8% (6 ) There is a non-significant effect of motivation to exercise through body mass index on physical fitness of 0.8 and (7) There is an insignificant effect of exercise habits through body mass index on physical fitness of 0.6
Tension Distribution in Articular Surfaces of the Rotator Cable and Crescent
Authors: Yuri Takuma , Prado Maria , Hoshikawa Kyosuke , Trevino Jose H. , Giambini Hugo
Published: April 2024

Background:

The rotator cable functions as a stress and/or load transfer structure. Some studies suggested that a disruption of the cable negatively affects shoulder function and tendon integrity in patients with rotator cuff tears, while others found no functional impairment regardless of rotator cable tear severity. Although anatomical studies have identified distinct regions within the rotator cuff muscles, the strain distribution within the articular sides of the rotator cuff tendons that results from the tension in each region remains unknown. We hypothesized that the posterior region of the supraspinatus (SSP) muscle and the middle region of the infraspinatus (ISP) muscle, with their firm capsular attachments to the cable, transmit 3D strains, and thus tension, to the whole cable, leading to differences in tension within the cable.

Methods:

The 3D strain distributions in the articular sides of the SSP and ISP tendons of 8 fresh-frozen cadaveric intact shoulders were determined when tension was applied to the various SSP and ISP muscle regions.

Results:

Loading the anterior SSP muscle region yielded significantly higher strains in the anterior third of the cable compared with the posterior third (p < 0.05). Loading the posterior SSP muscle region yielded no significant differences among the cable and crescent regions. Loading the middle ISP muscle region yielded higher strains in the anterior and posterior thirds of the cable compared with the middle third (p < 0.01). Loading the superior ISP muscle region yielded no significant differences among the cable and crescent regions (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Tension generated from the posterior region of the SSP muscle and middle region of the ISP muscle was evenly distributed to the anterior and posterior attachments of the rotator cable, while the tension generated from other SSP and ISP muscle regions was locally transmitted to the respective attachment area.

Clinical Relevance:

The rotator cable and crescent serve pivotal roles in transmitting tension generated from the deep regions of the rotator cuff muscles, i.e., the posterior SSP and middle ISP. These findings indicate that both the rotator cable and the rotator crescent play crucial roles as tension transmitters for the deep regions of the rotator cuff muscles. This information could have important implications for developing anatomically relevant repair techniques and enhancing rehabilitation protocols.
Surgical resection of left atrial myxoma complicated with left frontoparietal cavernous malformation: report of one case
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Lei Yu , Tao Jie , Bai Xiangfeng , Feng Kexiang , Mei Song
Published: April 2024

Myxoma is the most common and prevalent type of tumor in the heart, and 75% of tumors occur in the left artrium. However, the incidence of artrial myxoma complicated with frontoparietal cavernous malformation is extremely low, which has been rarely reported. Here, we reported a male 53-year-old patient diagnosed with left artrial myxoma complicated with left frontoparietal cavernous malformation. Whether the myxoma or the cavernous malformation should be firstly managed is challenging. Considering the complexity of these complications, a two-stage therapeutic regimen is chosen. First, the left artrial myxoma was surgically resected, followed by appropriate interventions for the left frontoparietal cavernous malformation. No evident postoperative complications occurred.The patient was successfully discharged.
Low avidity T cells drive endogenous tumor immunity in mice and humans
Authors: Srivast Pramod , Singhaviranon Summit , Dempsey Joseph , Hagymasi Adam , Mandoiu Ion
Published: April 2024

CD8 T cells which recognize neoepitopes are central to immune control of cancers. T cells, through T cell receptors, recognize neoepitope peptide-MHC I on cancer cells. The strength (or avidity) of the T cell receptor- peptide-MHCI interaction is a critical variable in immune control of cancers in vivo. Here, analyzing neoepitope-specific CD8 cells of distinct avidities to validated neoepitopes of a mouse tumor, low avidity T cells are observed to be the sole mediators of cancer control in vivo. Low avidity cells are also observed to be solely responsive to checkpoint blockade in mice and in humans. High avidity T cells are not only ineffective but suppress immune response. The mechanistic basis of the differences in the anti-tumor activity of cells of low and high avidities, lies in the higher exhaustion status of high avidity cells. High avidity T cells have a distinct transcriptomic profile which creates an Avidity Score, used here to identify in silico, the low and high avidity T cell populations in mice and humans. Surprisingly, CD8 T cells with identical TCRs exhibit a wide variation in avidities, suggesting a novel level of regulation of T cell activity. These observations, and the mechanisms that underlie them, shed new light on the endogenous T cell response to cancer and suggest new avenues in cancer immunotherapy.
Global Vision, Local Focus: The Semantic Enhancement Transformer Network for Crowd Counting
Authors: Wang Mingtao , Zhou Xin , Chen Yuanyuan
Published: April 2024

Automatic crowd counting has made significant progress in recent years. However, due to the challenge of multi-scale variations, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with fixed-size kernels cannot effectively address this difficulty, leading to a severe limitation on counting performance. To alleviate this issue, we propose a semantic enhancement Transformer crowd counting network (named SET) to improve the semantic encoding relationships in crowd scenes. The SET integrates global attention from Transformer, learnable local attention, and inductive bias from CNNs into a counting model. Firstly, we introduce an efficient Transformer encoder to extract low-level global features of crowd scenes. Secondly, we propose a learnable ViTBlock to dynamically learn appropriate weights for different regions, aiding in enhancing the model’s global visual understanding. Finally, to guide the model to focus better on crowd regions, we jointly employ a segmentation attention module and a feature aggregation module to aggregate semantic and spatial features at multiple levels, thus obtaining finer-grained features. We conduct extensive experiments on four challenging datasets, including ShanghaiTech Part A/B, UCF-QNRF, and JHU-CROWD++, achieving excellent results.
Seasonal Analysis of Shallow Groundwater Using Multivariate Statistics in a Semiarid Basin, Northern Nigeria
Authors: Wali Saadu Umar , Alias Noraliani Binti , Harun Sobri Bin
Published: April 2024

Seasonal variations in the hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater can be due to the interactions between internal geochemical processes and external factors such as rainfall and human activities. This study applied seasonal and multivariate statistical analyses to understand the hydrochemical controls on shallow groundwater. The study area was divided into three sub-basins, or clusters (i.e., Birnin kebbi, Sokoto and Gusau). Fifteen shallow groundwater samples were derived from each cluster, totalling ninety shallow groundwater samples for dry and wet seasons. Physical parameters, including Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and pH, were analysed in situ using handheld metres. However, chemical parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, CO3-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, PO43-, NH3 and NO3-) were analysed in the laboratory. Subsequently, statistics were applied to study the impact of seasonality and groundwater evolution. Results of the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that seasonality exerts a considerable influence on shallow groundwater through a significant difference in Temperature, EC, DO, TDS, HCO3-, Cl-, NH3 and PO43-. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed strong relationships between hydrochemical elements, which suggest natural and anthropogenic influences on shallow groundwater evolution. Correlation results were concurrent with principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and Piper and Gibbs models. Therefore, this study inferred that seasonality and rock weathering are the primary mechanisms controlling shallow aquifers' hydrochemistry in a semiarid Sokoto Basin. The seasonal and multivariate statistics provide a framework for more accurate shallow groundwater quality analysis while considering multiple groundwater quality parameters under different environmental conditions. It is hoped that the results of this study will inspire other researchers to use a similar method, especially those in semiarid environments. Seasonal and multivariate statistical analyses provide a user-friendly tool for monitoring shallow groundwater quality monitoring systems in global semiarid environments.
Statin Lactone Metabolism is a Determinant of 5-year Cardiovascular Outcomes Independent of Serum Cholesterol
Authors: Drum Chester , Goh Eugene , Wu Lik Hang , Pakkiri Leroy Sivappiragasam , Ng Meili , George Maya , Liu Jian Jun , Aminkeng Folefac , Tai E Shyong , Tan Jack
Published: April 2024

Statins are a first line treatment for reducing cardiovascular risk, however the individual clinical benefit of statins remains highly variable. To understand the clinical impact of individual statin metabolites on long-term clinical outcomes, we conducted a 5-year, multicentre, prospective, observational trial of 1362 cardiology patients across two independent healthcare systems in Singapore. In addition to genotyping, subjects were also phenotyped based on mass spectrometry quantification of all known plasma statin metabolites, sampled at two time points in late elimination phase. The atorvastatin lactone metabolite (ATVLAC) ≥3.9ng/mL 13 hours post-dose predicted Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) (HR=2.45) and all-cause mortality (HR=3.18), independently of drug dose and achieved LDL. UGT1A, a lactone-producing gene, associated with ATVLAC at genome-wide significance, independently predicted MACE (HR=1.40). Simvastatin Lactone (SMVLAC) also associated with MACE and UGT1A, suggesting a class effect. Among 51 co-prescribed non-statin drugs, omeprazole (a UGT inducer) was the strongest predictor of plasma ATVLAC (1.41-fold) and MACE (HR=1.46). These results suggest the statin lactone metabolite is a determinant of differential outcomes in statin takers and omeprazole co-prescription is a novel, potential risk factor. Genotyping the enzymatic source of statin lactone, UGT1A, may play a role in pharmacogenetic risk prediction.
MetaWorm: An Integrative Data-Driven Model Simulating C. elegans Brain, Body and Environment Interactions
Authors: Ma Lei , Zhao Mengdi , Wang Ning , Jiang Xinrui , Ma Xiaoyang , Ma Haixin , He Gan , Du Kai , Huang Tiejun
Published: April 2024

The behavior of an organism is profoundly influenced by the complex interplay between its brain, body, and environment. Existing data-driven models focusing on either the brain or the body-environment separately. A model that integrates these two components is yet to be developed. Here, we present MetaWorm, an integrative data-driven model of a widely studied organism, C. elegans. This model consists of two sub-models: the brain model and the body & environment model. The brain model was built by multi-compartment models with realistic morphology, connectome, and neural population dynamics based on experimental data. Simultaneously, the body & environment model employed a lifelike body and a 3D physical environment, facilitating easy behavior quantification. Through the closed-loop interaction between two sub-models, MetaWorm faithfully reproduced the realistic zigzag movement towards attractors observed in C. elegans. Notably, MetaWorm is the first model to achieve seamless integration of detailed brain, body, and environment simulations, enabling unprecedented insights into the intricate relationships between neural structures, neural activities, and behaviors. Leveraging this model, we investigated the impact of neural system structure on both neural activities and behaviors. Consequently, MetaWorm can enhance our understanding of how the brain controls the body to interact with its surrounding environment.
Unveiling the Medicinal Potential of Russula Mushrooms in Guiyang City
Authors: Zhu Yan , Chen Haijiang , Deng Chunying , Kang Chao , Pan Chunlei
Published: April 2024

Objective
To investigate the species diversity of the genus Russula Mushroom in Guiyang City, China, based on morphological characteristics and taxonomic research, in order to lay a foundation for future development and utilization of the medicinal-food value of the Russula Mushroom genus.
Methods
Russula Mushroom specimens were collected in Guiyang City and its surrounding areas. Morphological and molecular identifications were conducted, comparing the collected specimens with existing specimens in the herbarium. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the species were described. DNA sequences from the specimens were compiled, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to confirm species classification.
Results
A total of 30 Russula Mushroom specimens were collected in Guiyang City, including 21 known species. Among them, 12 species were identified based on morphological characteristics, while 8 species were identified through molecular Analysis. Among the identified species, 10 were edible mushrooms, and 4 were medicinal mushrooms. Literature records indicate that Guiyang City is home to 33 species of the Russula Mushroom genus.
Conclusion
The Russula Mushroom resources in Guiyang City include 16 edible species and 8 medicinal species. Among them, Russula crustosa, Russula cyanoxantha, and Russula delica have anti-tumor effects. Russula densifolia and Russula foetens are effective in treating limb spasms and musculoskeletal discomfort. Russula nigricans has properties for dispelling wind, cold, and dampness, as well as soothing tendons and activating collaterals. Russula rosea is rich in anti-cancer substances. Russula virescens can clear the liver, improve eyesight, and regulate Qi flow. These species all have the potential for medicinal development.
Increased risk of superficial fungal infections among psoriasis patients receiving systemic treatment: A nationwide retrospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Seo Ji-In , Kim Hasung , Lee Jungkuk , Ahn Hye-Jin , Jeong Ki-Heon , Shin Min Kyung
Published: April 2024

Previous meta-analyses or large cohort studies of risk for onychomycosis or mucocutaneous candidiasis in psoriasis patients has been reported. We conducted the retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study to assess the incidence and risk of superficial fungal infections among patients with psoriasis receiving systemic treatment. Our study showed an increased risk of superficial fungal infection among patients with psoriasis receiving systemic treatment regardless of treatment type.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Associated Factors Among Sudanese Adolescents During The Sudan Army Conflict: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Awad Mohammed Haydar , Abbas Maram Mutasim , Mohamed Maeen Mohieldin
Published: April 2024

Background
A feeling of fear and nervousness about something happening now or in the future is called anxiety. The causes of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are not fully understood. Some studies suggest that there may be a combination of many factors, such as genetics, variations in brain chemistry and environmental effects. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder in Sudanese adolescents after the Sudanese army conflict started in 2023.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among all Sudanese adolescents between 13 and 18 years old who were living in Sudan at the start of the conflict by using a self-administered questionnaire under the guidance of parents, if necessary. The questionnaire was adapted from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 checklist for the assessment of GAD symptoms. The questionnaire was translated into Arabic by expert translators, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 software, and descriptive analysis and any appropriate statistical tests were performed.
Results
Among the 855 participants, the mean age was 16.46 years, 66.8%were female, and 50.8% had generalized anxiety disorder. There was a significant relationship between GAD score, sex, age, current residency status, and traumatic event exposure, with P values less than 0.001 for all variables.
Conclusion
GAD was highly prevalent among the Sudanese adolescents included in the present study. The findings will help the government to provide proper mental health interventions for affected people.
Functional characterization of light sensing LOV1 protein in virulence and lifestyles of Pseudomonas cichorii JBC1
Authors: Khanh Nguyen , Lee Yong Hoon
Published: April 2024

processes. The effects of light, oxygen, or voltage (LOV) and blue light (BL) photosensory proteins on the virulence and pathogenic features of plant bacterial pathogens require further exploration. In this study, we identified LOV protein (Pc-LOV1) from Pseudomonas cichorii JBC1 (PcJBC1) and characterized its function using LOV1-deficient mutant (JBC1Δlov1). The recombinant Pc-LOV1 protein showed absorption peaks at 448, 425, and 475 nm in the dark, which is a typical feature of oxidized flavin chromophores. BL negatively influenced the virulence of PcJBC1 and the virulence of JBC1Δlov1 increased irrespective of BL, indicating that Pc-LOV1 negatively regulates PcJBC1 virulence. Pc-LOV1 and BL positively regulated the biological features relevant to infection processes, such as adhesion to the plant surface and biofilm formation. In contrast, swarming motility, exopolysaccharide and siderophore production were negatively controlled. Gene expression and in silico analysis of the interacting proteins supported the modulation of bacterial features. Overall, our results suggest that the LOV photosensory system plays crucial roles in the adaptive responses and pathogenicity of the bacterial pathogen PcJBC1. The roles of other photoreceptors, sensing of other light wavelengths, and signal networking require further investigation.
Three-dimensional evaluation of orthodontic treatment efficacy in patients with mild skeletal Class III malocclusion using clear aligners: a retrospective study
Authors: Wen Liming , Song Yangyang , Liu Jinan , Huang Xiaofeng
Published: April 2024

Background
This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the treatment efficacy of clear aligners for individuals with mild skeletal Class III malocclusion.
Methods
A total of 35 patients with non-surgical Class III malocclusion that was treated by clear aligner technology (CAT) underwent analysis using the peer assessment rating (PAR) index, digital model analysis, and X-ray cephalometry. The PAR index was evaluated using plaster casts made before treatment (T0) and at the end of treatment (T1). Using 3DSMax software, a digital model of STL(Standard Template Library) scanned by intraoral scanners at T0 and T1 was reconstructed. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted to compare the distal movement of molars, arch width, and vertical height in three dimensions. X-ray cephalometry analysis was employed to evaluate alterations in the anterior tooth axis and mandibular plane. The significance level was established at P < 0.05.
Results
Throughout the treatment, the PAR index demonstrated a significant reduction in sagittal variation during the T1 phase, decreasing from 1.85 ± 1.064 to 0.07 ± 0.267. Additionally, the presence of anterior crossbite decreased from 3.33 ± 1.109 to 0.00 ± 0.000, suggesting a complete correction of the anterior crossbite. Digital model analysis indicated that the distal movement of the mandibular molars ranged from 1.7 to 2.0 mm. Additionally, the width of the dental arch in the mandibular premolar area exhibited a significant increase from 32.33 mm to 33.76 mm post-treatment. The SNB (°) decreased from 82.16 ± 3.91 to 80.89 ± 2.41, while the ANB (°) significantly increased from − 1.25 ± 2.12 to -0.07 ± 2.48. The MP-SN plane angle remained relatively stable, changing from 31.50 ± 9.77 to 31.83 ± 5.79 in X-ray cephalometric analysis.
Conclusions
CAT can effectively address non-surgical Class III malocclusion. In the sagittal plane, CAT can achieve an average of 1.7–2.0 mm distal movement of mandibular molars and demonstrates effective control in both horizontal and vertical directions.
On Learning-Based Accuracy Estimation of 3D Reconstruction and 3D Camera Pose from RGB-D Data
Authors: Ortiz-Fernandez Luis Enrique , Silva Bruno Marques Ferreira da , Gonçalves Luiz Marcos Garcia
Published: April 2024

We propose a learning-based approach to measure, model, and predict accuracy on three-dimensional reconstruction and camera pose determined from data captured by low-cost visual sensors as RGB-D cameras coupled to robotic platforms or vehicles. Basically, we start creating a ground truth of 3D points (mapping) and camera poses (localization) using an accurate set of smart markers that we specifically devised and built for this work. Using these ground truth data, a set of actual errors and accuracy are calculated during the motion of our mobile robotic platform. To the end, a modeling for the error is provided and error prediction on reconstruction and camera positioning is accurately estimated as a function of the camera’s distance, velocity, and vibration of the platform. We use a multi-layer perceptron neural network for this last step. The outputs are the root mean squared errors for the 3D reconstruction and the relative pose errors for the camera poses. Experimental results show that this approach has a prediction accuracy of ±1% for the 3D reconstruction and ±2.5% for camera poses, which shows substantially improved performance in comparison with state-of-the-art methods.
Do cigarette smokers have unrealistic perceptions of their lung cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) risks? A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Shahryari Ali , Rajabi Abdolhalim , Tazehabadi Reza Abed- , Charkazi Abdurrahman , Zarghami Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking causes serious complications and diseases in a person's life, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and some cancers, including lung cancer. On the other hand, studies have shown that smokers do not have a real understanding of the health hazards of smoking. This study was conducted to determine the perceived risk of lung cancer and COPD in smokers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study which was conducted between January-May 2023, recruited 380 smokers by convenience sampling. The data were collected using three questionnaires 1) the risk perception for lung cancer and COPD questionnaire, 2) the smoking stage of change questionnaire, and 3) the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence. We examined the relationship between the included variables and the smokers’ perceived risk of lung cancer and COPD by using multiple linear regression. We performed this analysis with Stata software version 17 and the significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 35.57 ± 12.05 years, and 77.1% were male. The perceived risk score of COPD was 10.94±4.88 and the score related to lung cancer was 10.60±4.77. We found that lower education (coefficient=3.86 for elementary and 3.18 for secondary), longer smoking duration (coefficient=-3.22 for 20-29 years and -5.88 for 30+ years), and older smoking age onset (coefficient=-2.41 for 20+ years) were associated with lower perceived risk for both diseases. High social status (coefficient=-4.73) was also associated with a lower perceived risk of lung cancer. Moreover, people who smoked for 20-29 years (coefficient=-2.77, [-4.75, -0.79] 95%CI, P<0.0001) or 30+ years (coefficient=-5.40, [-8.05, -2.75] 95%CI, P<0.0001); had lower perceived risk than those who smoked for less than 10 years. Also, smokers who started smoking at 20+ years old had lower perceived risk than those who started before the age of 20 [coefficient=-1.61, [-2.76, -0.46] 95%CI, P<0.0001].
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the perceived risk of participants was relatively low. Also, the perceived risk decreases as the duration of smoking increases. It seems necessary to carry out interventions to inform about the harms of smoking and to enhance public awareness about the heightened risks of diseases such as lung cancer and COPD among cigarettes smokers.
Patient Characteristics and Outcomes of Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma at a Safety-Net System Compared to an Academic Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Froessl Luise , Sottero Theo , Brown Steven , Li Hsiao , Kainthla Radhika , Sadeghi Navid
Published: April 2024

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma often follows an indolent course but carries a risk of late recurrence and transformation. Given its rarity, there is significant variability in the treatment patterns at various healthcare centers. This study aimed to compare the patient characteristics and outcomes of NLPHL patients treated at Parkland Health, the safety-net system for uninsured/underinsured patients in Dallas County with patients treated at the neighboring NCI-designated Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center (SCCC). Our cohort included 53 adult patients (25 at PH vs 28 at SCCC). PH patients were more likely to belong to racial/ethnic minority groups (Black non-Hispanic 84% at PH vs 32% at SCCC; Hispanic 16% at PH vs 0% at SCCC, p <0.01) and to be uninsured (60% at PH vs. 0% at SCCC, p <0.01). Overall, 38% of patients presented at a late stage (stage III-IV) and was not different based on site of care (11 at PH vs 9 at SCCC; p=0.37). Site of care (PH vs SCCC) or race/ethnicity did not impact the treatment choice. At a median follow-up of 60 months (IQR 21, 83), 6 recurrences and 5 transformations were noted. Overall median survival was 62 months (IQR 21.5-84.5). Despite health inequities that typically impact safety-net patients, we did not observe differences in treatment patterns or outcomes of Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma between patients treated at PH compared to SCCC.
Circulating monocytes decrease significantly following disease-directed therapy and may reflect disease expansion in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Ali Haadi , Reynolds Sam , Wilcox Sabrina , Chipalkatti Naina , Ahmed Asra
Published: April 2024

We aimed to examine the association between relative monocytosis and the recurrence of pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Clinical, laboratory, radiographic and treatment data for 86 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis over a 20-year duration. Parameters such as biological sex, age at diagnosis, time to diagnosis, molecular diagnostic data and imaging were collected. Treatment responses were assessed predominantly through radiography, with RECIST 1.1 criteria applied to MRI or CT scans and PERCIST utilized for serial PET imaging. Investigators also assessed peripheral blood absolute monocyte count at various time points, including initial diagnosis and the most recently available value. While peripheral blood absolute monocyte count between the earliest assessed timepoint and latest value did not differ, the mean value on progression (0.94 K/µL), however, was significantly higher than that following re-institution of therapy (0.31, p = 0.000794. Our observation of relative monocytosis on LCH disease progression may be related to an increase in circulating LCH on disease progression or from increased monocyte production for later differentiation into mature dendritic cells that participate in MHC Class 1 upregulation. This trend is especially evident in pulmonary LCH which is incited by tissue trauma and irritation by environmental factors. The phenomena observed in our study parallel other non-LCH cohorts, specifically in published findings from our own group in patients with Rosai Dorfman and Erdheim Chester Disease. To further elucidate the molecular underpinnings of LCH and explore the etiology of this monocyte trend, expanded integrated genomic-transcriptomic sequencing analyses to evaluate the molecular character of LCH and ultimately clarify the origin of this monocyte trend are in progress. These studies are poised to offer invaluable insight to the molecular mechanisms underlying LCH, specifically as they pertain to monocyte signaling and differentiation.
Unveiling the Tradeoff between Device Scale and Surface Nonidealities toward an Optimized Quality Factor at Room Temperature in 2D MoS2 Nanomechanical Resonators
Authors: Yang Rui , Zhang Pengcheng , Jia Yueyang , Yuan Shuai , Xie Maosong , Liu Zuheng , Jia Hao
Published: April 2024

A high quality (Q) factor is essential for enhancing the performance of resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). NEMS resonators based on two-dimensional (2D) materials such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have high frequency tunability, large dynamic range, and high sensitivity, yet the room-temperature Q is typically below 1,000. Here we systematically investigate the size effects on Q by measuring 52 fully-clamped circular MoS2 NEMS resonators with diameters from 1 µm to 8 µm, and optimize the Q by combining the size effect with the strain-modulated dissipation model. We find that the Q first increases and then decreases with diameter, with an optimized room-temperature Q up to 3,105 ± 207 at for a 2-µm-diameter device. Through extensive characterization and analysis using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate that surface nonidealities such as wrinkles, residues, and bubbles are especially significant for decreasing the Q especially for larger suspended membranes, while resonators with flat and smooth surfaces typically show larger Q factors. To further optimize the Q factor, we measure and model the Q dependence on gate voltage, showing that smaller DC and radio-frequency (RF) driving voltages always lead to a higher Q factor. Such optimization of Q factor delineates a straightforward and promising pathway for designing high-Q 2D NEMS resonators towards ultrasensitive transducers, efficient RF communications, and low-power memory and computing.
Design of a miniaturized dual circularly polarized implantable antenna by using characteristic mode method
Authors: Song Zhiwei , Xu Xiaoming , Wang Yuchao , Shi Youwei , Zheng Xianren , Wang Lu
Published: April 2024

The characteristic mode method is used to design a miniaturized dual-band dual circularly polarized (CP) implantable antenna operating in ISM bands. The miniaturization and dual-band characteristics are gained by using the slotting method and by inserting a short-circuit probe between the radiation patch and the ground plane. We use the characteristic mode method to study the current distribution of circular radiation patches with T-shaped slots in different modes. After opening a cross-shaped slot at the center of the radiation patch and the ground plane, we obtained two orthogonal modes with equal amplitude and phase difference of 90° in two operating frequency bands, ultimately achieving CP characteristics of the antenna. Its overall size is only π×4.72×0.889 mm3, smaller than other CP implantable antennas with similar performances, and it has satisfactory radiation efficiency and gain characteristics. Measurements show that it can operate in the ISM bands of 0.9 and 2.4 GHz with an effective 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth greater than 220 MHz (0.87 to 1.09 GHz, 22.45%) and 230 MHz (2.31 to 2.54 GHz, 9.48%), and its peak gain is -29.5 dBi and -19.2 dBi, respectively. And, this design complies with IEEE safety guidelines.
Predictive role of Soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen in short-term monitoring of differently treated multiple myeloma patients: a prospective study
Authors: Caponi Laura , Giudice Maria Livia Del , Botti Alice , Ursino Silvia , Gennari Alberto , Barachini Serena , Paolicchi Aldo , Galimberti Sara , Buda Gabriele
Published: April 2024

The management of multiple myeloma is a complex endeavor, because the disease is incurable and unexpected relapses can threaten the patient's survival. Several assessment systems are currently available, but they often require invasive or expensive procedures (e.g. bone marrow and whole-body instrumental examinations) or depend on non-specific markers in blood and urine that may not be sufficient to assess and monitor the disease. To address these limitations, this study evaluates the potential utilization of sBCMA, a novel and promising serum biomarker, in an unselected cohort of newly diagnosed and relapsed myeloma patients. The cohort was followed for six months from the initiation of a new therapy. sBCMA was detectable in peripheral blood even in non-secretory disease or during BCMA-targeted therapies, and significant changes in its levels were observed. The analysis showed that the decrease in sBCMA at months 1 and 6 reflects the quality of the clinical response to the anti-myeloma regimens. The data provide compelling insights into the utility of sBCMA in early assessment of treatment efficacy.
Is poor self-rated health a useful indicator of cardiometabolic abnormalities in people on antidepressants? A population-based study
Authors: Umeh Kanayo , Adaji S
Published: April 2024

Background
Research suggests regular screening for metabolic abnormalities in antidepressant users is required to manage the potential adverse metabolic effects of the drugs. Although fragmented evidence suggests poor self-reported health (SRH) may be a useful diagnostic indicator of metabolic dysfunction in antidepressant users research in this area is sparse. This study examined whether SRH explains the excess metabolic dysfunction in patients prescribed antidepressants.
Method
A total of 622 adults prescribed antidepressants were identified from the 2019 HSE (Health Survey for England). Data on SRH and cardiometabolic variables (HDL-C (mmol/L), BMI (kg/m2), waist/hip ratio (cm), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), and HbA1c (mmol/mol)) was also extracted. Bootstrapped regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the data.
Results
People on antidepressants showed lower HDL-C (mmol/L) (∆R2 = 0.003, F (1, 2967) = 9.684, p = 0.002), and higher waist/hip ratio (cm) (∆R2 = 0.007, F (1, 2967) = 37.240, p = 0.000), BMI (kg/m2) (∆R2 = 0.014, F (1, 2967) = 42.485, p = 0.000), and HbA1c (mmol/mol) (∆R2 = 0.007, F (1, 2967) = 24.814, p = 0.000), compared to non-depressed participants. However, accounting for SRH negated the association between antidepressant usage and HDL-C (mmol/L) (β = -0.011, p = 0.514). Multiple SEM models showed that SRH mediated the association between antidepressant usage and HDL-C, generating a model with good fit (χ2 (CMIN) = 0.294, df = 1, p = 0.587, χ2 (CMIN)/df = 0.294, RMSEA = 0.000, CFI = 1.000, TLI = 1.006 and NFI = 1.000). Robustness checks (sensitivity analyses), including variations in SRH categorisation, log-transformation, tests for quadratic functions, and management of missing data, confirmed the mediating effect of SRH on relations between antidepressant usage and HDL-C (mmol/L).
Conclusion
SRH may constitute a useful clinical indicator of dyslipidemia amongst antidepressant users.
Plio-Pleistocene hydrothermal events of the Baza Basin (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) and their paleoecological implications
Authors: García-Aguilar José Manuel , Campaña Isidoro , Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido , Guerra-Merchán Antonio , Rodríguez-Ruiz M. Dolores , Rodríguez-Gómez Guillermo , Granados Alejandro , León-Reina Laura , Espigares M. Patrocinio , Ros-Montoya Sergio , Palmqvist Paul
Published: April 2024

The Early Pliocene to late Middle Pleistocene continental sedimentary infillings of the Baza Basin (Guadix-Baza Depression, SE Spain) are worldwide unique by their high stratigraphic completeness and exceptional preservation of their fossil record of terrestrial vertebrates. These sediments were deposited in fluvio-lacustrine environments and preserve huge assemblages of large mammals, including the oldest evidence of hominin presence in Western Europe at the late Early Pleistocene sites of Barranco León and Fuente Nueva-3, dated to ∼1.4 Ma. Since latest Miocene times, the basin was subject to intense tectonic activity, showing sedimentary deposits originated from ancient hot springs. These hot springs were developed in a spatio-temporal network related to tectonic fractures, showing a higher concentration in the Orce sub-basin during Late Pliocene to Holocene times. Compositional analyses of cherts and other facies associated with these hot springs show geochemical and mineralogical markers linked to hydrothermal scenarios. The contribution of hot springs in the Baza Basin resulted in rich and productive biotopes, which supported a high diversity and biomass of terrestrial mammals. Similar geological, hydrochemical and ecological environments are found along hotspot lines in East Africa, the Levantine Corridor and the circum-Mediterranean realm. We hypothesize here that the presence of these hot springs corridors favored the dispersal of hominins and other large mammals during the Plio-Pleistocene, which led to the first hominin arrival in Europe.
A Novel Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) Power Plant Layout Design for Deployment in Long and Narrow Space
Authors: Shriwastav Surbhi , Saxena Ajay Kumar , Babu G. S. Sailesh
Published: April 2024

Solar photovoltaic (SPV) power plants have evolved as an integral component of an environmentally responsible solution for the generation of electricity. This is because there is an ongoing and growing need for renewable sources of energy. The widespread installation of large-scale SPV systems has a number of challenges, one of which is the restricted availability of land in metropolitan and densely populated locations. This study suggests a ground-breaking strategy for developing a unique SPV power plant design that is best for deployment in long and narrow locations, such as highways, trains, and other linear infrastructures. This architecture is optimized for deployment in these types of environments since it maximizes space utilization. MATLAB is the tool that the authors of this study utilize in order to simulate the results. The study provides a solid foundation for enhancing energy system efficiency, and the future looks bright for both the application of these results and the development and implementation of sustainable solutions in the energy sector.