bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the dominant factors of educational process
Authors: Bogoyavlenskaya D.B.
Published: July 2024

Background. Development of a creative personality is considered among the priority tasks for the modern education system of the Russian Federation. The article presents a critique of the education system imposed on Russia, which can be represented in the image of “up the stairs leading down”. The author emphasizes the relevance of providing the rationale for the essential factors in the educational process in order to ensure the development of students' creative abilities, which should not be reduced only to the development of their intelligence. Objective. Identification and justification of the dominant factors in the educational process aimed at developing the students’ creative abilities. Study Participants. Children (from older preschoolers to school graduates), university students, and specialists of various occupations took part in the long-term research. The studies were carried out in Moscow and the Moscow region, as well as in other regions of the Russian Federation and abroad. Method. The author's method “Creative Field” was implemented in a number of relevant techniques taking into account the age characteristics of the subjects. The techniques are based on different materials, which made it possible to conduct cross-sectional experimental studies on a large sample of subjects of different ages and professions, as well as a number of longitudinal studies lasting from 10 to 54 years. Results. The analysis of experimental studies shows that creativity as the ability to develop activity on one’s own initiative is possible only if there is a unity of the level of intelligence development corresponding to the task and the dominance of cognitive motivation in the personality structure. The integration of these factors determines the mechanism of creativity. The author has substantiated the dominant factors of the educational process aimed at developing the students’ creative abilities. Conclusions. The development of intelligence increases the possibility of mastering complex activities, and the dominance of cognitive needs gives rise to the ability to be creative. The decisive role in the development of a student as a creative personality is the teacher’s position as of researcher and the value of knowledge.
Interrelations between humor and resource-based thinking as the ground for autocreative processes
Authors: Kashapov Mergalyas M.
Published: July 2024

Background. The significance of studying resource-based thinking is due to its important role in the organization and successful implementation of various types of activities. The study of the relationship between humor and resourcefulness of thinking can provide the ways to find resources for a subject to more effectively resolve the difficulties arising in the course of his life activities. Objective. The study had its purpose to investigate the interrelation between humor style and resourcefulness of thinking. Study Participants. The study sample (N = 150) included senior psychology students (50 people), high school students profiled in social science, humanities, etc. (50 people), working people aged 30–45 years (50 people). Methods. “Martin's questionnaire of humor styles” and “Methodology for diagnosing the resource-based thinking” (for professions of a socionomic type) by Serafimovich, Medvedeva, Surina. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the Student's parametric t-test were used to process quantitative data. Results. The study revealed that a self-supporting style of humor is prevailing among students and adults, while minimally manifested among schoolchildren. Significant differences were found in the indicators of self-deprecating humor: they are significantly higher among students compared to adults. The study discovered some age-related specifics in the development of resource-based thinking: in adults, its general level as well as the motivational-goal component is significantly higher than in schoolchildren. It has been shown that self-supporting style of humor is positively correlated and self-deprecating style of humor is negatively correlated with almost all components of resource-based thinking. Besides, the self-supporting style of humor and the general level of resource-based thinking are positively interrelated, while aggressive and self-deprecating styles of humor are negatively related to the general level of resource-based thinking. Conclusions. For the first time, the relationship between humor and resourcefulness of thinking is shown as the ground for autocreative processes, i.e. processes of self-formation of new states. There exists a significant relationship between the prevailing style of humor and the level of resource-based thinking. A high level of resource-based thinking corresponds to the self-supporting style of humor, while its low level corresponds to the self-deprecating style of humor.
Towards ‘augmented sociology’? A practice-oriented framework for using large language model-powered chatbots
Authors: Hau Mark F
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are rapidly gaining popularity as labour-augmenting tools. This paper is for sociologists seeking to make the best use of this technology in their work. It presents a practice-oriented framework for using AI chatbots in sociology, building on considerations of the technical conditions of LLMs to introduce both a task categorization and the concept of a ‘knowledge funnel’. This model illustrates the relationship between the scope of knowledge and accuracy in outputs to guide sociologists in evaluating the reliability and applicability of AI-generated content in their research. The main argument driving this article is to establish a paradigm of ‘augmented sociology’ that focuses on human–AI interaction and understands LLMs as a resource rather than as a replacement. This augmentation manifests itself clearly in dialogic ideation, enhancing research by bridging domains, and broad methodological assistance. The paper's primary contribution lies in introducing specific terminologies and actionable strategies for sociologists to integrate LLM chatbots creatively and effectively in their work, filling a significant gap in the current academic understanding of generative AI's role in sociology.
The Harms of Imprisonment and Envisioning a Desistance-Supporting ‘Good Society’
Authors: Gray Patricia , Parsons Julie M
Published: July 2024

Research evidence in the 21st century strongly indicates that prisons are inherently harmful environments in which to try to support rehabilitation, because of their destructive impact on identity, self-actualisation, mental health and social relationships. Yet HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) continues to propose that prisons can be legitimate sites of rehabilitation as well as centres of punishment. This article begins by interrogating this proposition by looking at research conducted in an adult male prison. By specifically focusing on the interpersonal conflicts and tensions that the men experience in their daily lives, the research highlights the ‘relational’ and ‘self-actualising’ harms that undermine the development of a successful rehabilitative culture within a prison. The article then moves on to consider a utopian vision of a ‘desistance-supporting’ rehabilitative ‘good society’ by drawing on a second piece of research that captures the voices and experiences of participants in a very successful community-based resettlement project. Lessons learned from this are then collated to consider how to build a rehabilitative ‘good society’ in prisons. The article concludes with a cautionary note about the possible difficulty of creating such a society in neoliberal times.
Home, Work, and Care Economy: A Qualitative Study of Disrupted Ecology and Family Precarity During COVID-19
Authors: Edwards Caitlin , Jezierski Louise , Das Gupta Sejuti , Cool Anna
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted access to local family care services and jobs ecologies in both regional formal and informal economies. This case study of the regional economy in Michigan, USA, based on 34 in-depth interviews, explored how families struggled and adapted to find jobs and household services because of pandemic disruption. To understand the impact on families, the paper develops a multi-level ecological framework using three concepts (1) the regional care services ecology; (2) local social networks and institutions where families acquire knowledge and services; and (3) family and work-life balance. Access to social and financial capital in both the formal and informal sectors were crucial to enable families to cope but social positions such as race, type of employment, migration status, and marital status mitigated access to resources. An interdisciplinary approach captures the multi-level experiences and resilience of families, as COVID disrupted community institutions, social networks, and work.
Is it an Impossible Task? Exploring the Lived Experiences of Christian Parents With Young Children in the UK
Authors: Olorenshaw Emma , Holmes Sarah
Published: July 2024

Despite recognition that the early years are foundational for child development and that parents are significant influencers on a child’s spiritual development, little research has considered parental approaches to passing on faith to young children. Guided by frameworks of sociocultural theory and viewing parents as funds of knowledge, this exploratory, qualitative study involved an online survey of 71 self-identified Christian parents in the UK with children under 5 years. The results were analysed using thematic analysis to identify themes in the data. The findings indicate that Christian parents want to support their child’s spiritual development and that they find rhythms, routines, and sharing faith in everyday moments of life helpful for doing so. The project found support for parents to be varied and suggests that churches and the wider Christian community ought to intentionally evaluate the support they provide for parents and the approaches they have for doing so.
Causal relationships between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: A mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Hui , Wu Sensen , Pan Dikang , Meng Wenzhuo , Hu Lefan , Zhang Hanyu , Ning Yachan , Guo Jianming , Gu Yongquan
Published: July 2024

Objective: Observational studies show the correlation between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. However, the causal effects remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between COVID-19 and VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods: Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the potential causality between COVID-19 and VTE by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed as supplementary methods for MR estimations, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the principal analysis. In addition, we took sensitivity analyses, including Cochran’s test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis to ensure that we obtained stable and reliable results. Results: Our study selected 26 COVID-19 severity, 31 COVID-19 hospitalization, and 13 COVID-19 susceptibility SNPs as instrumental variables. The IVW analysis results revealed that there was no causal relationship between COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, or susceptibility and VTE, with odds ratios of 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.013, p = 0.19), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.918-1.039, p = 0.447), and 0.908 (95%CI: 0.775-1.065, p = 0.235), respectively. The IVW approach yielded consistent results with MR-Egger, Weighted Median simple mode, and weighted mode. MR-PRESSO and sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability and consistency of the MR results. Conclusions: This study did not find evidence to support a causal relationship between COVID-19 and VTE at the genetic level. Further investigation is warranted to determine if the significant association reported in previous observational studies between the two is due to confounding factors.
Effects of Theme, Form, and Language on Poetry Reading: Evidence From Chinese ESL Learners
Authors: Xue Shuwei , Gao Xueni , Wu Yue , Sun Jiayi , Yang Wenxin , Li Xinping , Ke Shan , Yang Lianrui , Jin Hao , Chen Shifa
Published: July 2024

While much remains unexplored about what influences how poetry is perceived, this study investigates how themes, form, and language interact in poetry perception, shedding light on their effects on the reading responses of Chinese ESL learners. Findings showed: (1) Versified form and L1 poems were more comprehensible; (2) Idyll and L1 poems were perceived as having richer imagery; (3) Form and language interact for rhythmicity, favoring L1 poems, especially the paragraphed L1 ones; (4) Language influenced perceived beauty, with L1 poems, especially love poems in versified form, rated as exceptionally beautiful; (5) Theme and language impacted perceived valence, with idyll and L2 poems being viewed more positively; form affected the perceived arousal, with versified poems rated as more exciting; (6) Form and language interacted, affecting reading time; versified L2 poems were read faster than paragraphed L1 and L2 poems. These findings hold significance for literary education and cross-cultural understanding.
A systematic review of deep learning-based spinal bone lesion detection in medical images
Authors: Teodorescu Bianca , Gilberg Leonard , Melton Philip William , Hehr Rudolph Matthias , Guzel Hamza Eren , Koc Ali Murat , Baumgart Andre , Maerkisch Leander , Ataide Elmer Jeto Gomes
Published: July 2024

Spinal bone lesions encompass a wide array of pathologies, spanning from benign abnormalities to aggressive malignancies, such as diffusely localized metastases. Early detection and accurate differentiation of the underlying diseases is crucial for every patient's clinical treatment and outcome, with radiological imaging being a core element in the diagnostic pathway. Across numerous pathologies and imaging techniques, deep learning (DL) models are progressively considered a valuable resource in the clinical setting. This review describes not only the diagnostic performance of these models and the differing approaches in the field of spinal bone malignancy recognition, but also the lack of standardized methodology and reporting that we believe is currently hampering this newly founded area of research. In line with their established and reliable role in lesion detection, this publication focuses on both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as various derivative modalities (i.e. SPECT). After conducting a systematic literature search and subsequent analysis for applicability and quality using a modified QUADAS-2 scoring system, we confirmed that most of the 14 identified studies were plagued by major limitations, such as insufficient reporting of model statistics and data acquisition, a lacking external validation dataset, and potentially biased annotation. Although we experienced these limitations, we nonetheless conclude that the potential of these methods shines through in the presented results. These findings underline the need for more stringent quality controls in DL studies, as well as model development to afford increased insight and progress in this promising novel field.
Influence of inlay consolidation quality on morphology of hybrid injection-moulded parts and their bending behaviour
Authors: Wang Hao , Petersen Jan , Fischer Kai , Emonts Michael
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates the interactions of process parameters along the process chain for the manufacture of a trunk-like injection-moulded component with local inserts of unidirectional thermoplastic tape. In contrast to the established technology for overmoulding continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastics with a high proportion of unidirectional fibres, the component design investigated consists of 99 wt% long fibre injection moulding material reinforced with a very low amount of strip-like inserts of 1 wt% carbon fibre tape. The design facilitates cost, CO2-e and weight reduction compared to a pure injection-moulded part. The process chain comprises laser-assisted tape placement, preforming of the inserts by local bending and finally overmoulding. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the consolidation quality of the inserts after tape placement on the fracture behaviour in two sections of the part, the radii at the bending sections, which are subjected to post-consolidation during preforming, and the flat sections, which are only subjected to potential post-consolidation effects due to overmoulding. The investigations are carried out by means of various bending tests and analysis of the morphology by means of micrographs.
Extending Kinship Through Christian Camping in an East African Nation
Authors: Karianjahi Muhia
Published: July 2024

Christian camping is rapidly growing as an experiential education ministry in the Global South. Whereas most scholarship and resource development has historically taken place in the West, programs like Church-based rites of passage in Kenya expose sparsely documented camp ministry contextualization elsewhere. This qualitative study explored the experience of Kenyan Christian camp practitioners through focus groups and semi-structured interviews (N = 37). Four themes emerged from analysis, describing camps as reforming the East African Revival, extending faith-based kinship, discipling intergenerationally, and facilitating transformation. Christian camps in Kenya are temporary communities that also redeem some traditional rituals for whole-person formation.
‘A Tale of Gin and Prostitution’: Using Community Theatre to Explore Attitudes Towards Sex Work in Northern Ireland
Authors: Campbell Anne , Jordan Uisce , Blair Carolyn , Jordan Michele , Murphy Paul
Published: July 2024

Sex work, encompassing the exchange of sexual services for material gain, presents a complex and sensitive research terrain, associated with stigma and entrenched debates within feminism. This evaluation's central objective was to engage in a community-based dialogue, eliciting perspectives from a diverse range of participants, including audience members, women with lived experience of sex work, users of addiction services, and expert commentators, in response to the themes explored in the play ‘Madame Geneva: A Tale of Gin and Prostitution’. This article delves into the study's findings, with a particular focus on the portrayal of sex work in contemporary Northern Irish society. The study demonstrates how the arts, particularly dramatic representations, serve as a potential catalyst for instigating essential and pragmatic policy discussions on issues that impact women and society at large. The findings shed light on the ongoing challenges faced by women in Northern Ireland within the context of sex work, revealing persistently high levels of oppression and discrimination. These issues often remain entangled within a male-dominated political discourse and structural frameworks, underscoring the urgent need for critical examination and reform.
New Filaments from Used Disposable Face Masks as an Alternative 3D Printing Filament in the 3D Printing Industry
Authors: Nam Changhyun (Lyon) , Chung Hoyong , Ridgway Jessica L.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to examine an innovative approach for recycling and repurposing used disposable face masks to create a new 3D printing filament and to compare the mechanical properties of the developed 3D printing filament (DF) with recycled filament (RF) and commercial filament (CF). The development of the new 3D printing filaments involved examining three key pieces of information: (1) optimal melting point ranges, (2) weight, and (3) visual colors for each layer of the face mask. Using an experimental research design, the researchers melted-down disposable face masks to create the filament and analyzed its properties in comparison with RF and CF. No significant differences were identified in terms of strength among CF, RF, and DF types. The findings highlight the potential effectiveness of using disposable face masks as an alternative 3D printing material, contributing to the design and production in the 3D printing industry.
“Tiny luggages”: Immersive migrant childhoods and multi-sensory methods as disruptive and facilitative opportunities
Authors: Sims-Schouten Wendy , Wingate-Gray Sara
Published: July 2024

Against the backdrop of the rise in child migrants across the world, this study advances understanding of the transformative potential of centralizing children’s stories and experiences through multi-sensory materials, producing accessible and creative ways to disrupt, counter, and draw critical attention to the impact and legacy of displacement. Focusing on two controversial historic migration/refugee schemes, Kindertransport and Windrush, this study integrates haptics with vision and audition, presenting contemporary children as co-producers/researchers, experts and “experiencers”, with former children’s objects, stories, memories.
Creepypasta and “the Fabrègues Affair”: Imitation and aggression in a recent case of youth violence
Authors: Curtis Ian Williams
Published: July 2024

This article offers a critical analysis of “the Fabrègues Affair” (2022), a case of youth violence in which two twelve-year-old girls carried out a series of stabbings, resulting in the death of one of their fathers. What was initially viewed as a simple “family tragedy [ drame intrafamilial]” ballooned into a national conversation when the girls claimed, after their arrest, that their violent act had been inspired by “creepypasta,” crowdsourced online horror fictions and videos. While the crime, in its purported relation to digital forms of storytelling, appears eminently specific to the present moment, and while news coverage consistently emphasized the girls’ femininity and sexual orientation in an apparent attempt to further sensationalize their act, the conventional wisdom, as it appears in media coverage of the case, exposes a striking reliance among commentators on outdated psychoanalytic models that do not attend to the specificities of the moment, or to questions of gender and sexuality. This article explores how theories of the relationship between imitation and aggression have been applied in “the Fabrègues Affair” before proposing alternative feminist approaches to understanding the social phenomenon of violent behaviors among girls who appear to draw inspiration from imaginary monsters. In doing so, it aims to contribute new perspectives, drawn from feminist theory and horror studies, to girlhood and childhood studies in the contemporary French context.
Oral Health Assessment in Cleft Lip & Palate Patients During Orthodontic Treatment for Maxillary Protraction: A Periodontal & Microbiological Study
Authors: Gupta Batra Shweta , Khatri Manish , Bansal Mansi , Batra Puneet , Khatri Ayush , Bint Aziz Sana
Published: July 2024

Objective

To assess the oral health status and microbiota of subgingival plaque in patients with surgically repaired cleft lip and palate (CLP) during orthodontic treatment for maxillary protraction with two different orthodontic appliances.

Design

Randomized controlled trial

Setting

Institutional.

Participants

A total of 90 patients with surgically repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate, out of initially enrolled 120 patients, were divided into 3 groups: experimental group I, experimental group II and control group, with 30 subjects each. Patients with a history of oral prophylaxis in last 6 months or antibiotic therapy within 3 months were excluded from the study.

Interventions

Bone Anchored Maxillary Protraction was done in experimental group I, while facemask with acrylic occlusal splint was used for maxillary protraction in experimental group II and no orthodontic intervention in control group.

Mean Outcome Measures

Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Probing Depth (PD), and microbiota of subgingival plaque ( P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, Veillonella and Capnocytophaga) were compared at baseline (T0) and after 8 months (T1).

Results

The PI, GI, GBI and PD were observed to be significantly higher in experimental group II followed by experimental group I as compared to control group at 8 months interval ( P < .001). The microbiota counts increased significantly in experimental group II and experimental group I ( P < .001), as compared to control group.

Conclusion

Maxillary protraction with facemask and bone plates was found to be a better alternative than facemask with occlusal splint, considering the overall oral health of patients with CLP.
Review of Current Techniques of Cleft Palate Repair Concerning Palatal Innervation: A Preliminary Assumption
Authors: Askar Sherif M. , labib alnakib Nasser , Quriba Amal S. , Sweed Ahmed Hassan , el Shora Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Objective

To highlight the possible surgical steps that could affect the neural supply of soft palate and velopharyngeal sphincter during Furlow palatoplasty and posteriorly-based myo-mucosal buccal flaps in patients with persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency after primary cleft palate repair.

Design

Institution-based retrospective study

Setting

Academic Medical Center

Patients

Non-syndromic patients with persistent hypernasality (after primary cleft palate repair) who had Furlow palatoplasty or posteriorly-based buccal myo-mucosal flaps and were followed up for at least 60 months after the secondary surgery.

Interventions

All patients were examined using a fiberoptic endoscopy, the movement of components of the velopharyngeal sphincter: soft palate, and lateral pharyngeal walls were traced on the monitor and given a score from 0–4. The pattern of VPS closure was reported whether coronal, circular, or sagittal for each case.

Main outcome measures

Patients’ characteristics, auditory perceptual assessment, the severity of hypernasality, intraoperative lengthening of the palate, and operative complications were recorded.

Results

At postoperative (at least 60 months) evaluation of the patients statistically non-significant differences were reported when comparing the pre-versus post-operative auditory perceptual assessment following both procedures ( P value ≥0.05). A greater tendency towards improvement was noticed with BF but was non-significant.

Conclusion

The nerve supply of the palate could be jeopardized by many techniques of primary or secondary repair of the cleft palate leaving behind a deceiving intact but weak poor-functioning palate. All efforts should be made to provide more neural-preservation techniques in primary/secondary repair of the cleft palate. Further wide-scale research is essential to have final clear conclusions.
Beyond β-Blockade: ACE Inhibitors Reduce Non-Cardiac Mortality in High Killip Grade AMI Patients
Authors: Sun Simei , Han Xiongyi , Bai Liyan , Jeong Myung Ho , Jin Cheng
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study evaluates the 3-year clinical outcomes of high Killip grade (III/IV) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated with either β-blockers (BB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or BB and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB).

Methods

A total of 13,105 patients were registered at the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry at the National Institute of Health (KAMIR-NIH). Among them, 871 patients with high Killip classification AMI were divided into the BB + ACEI group (n = 489) and the BB + ARB group (n = 381). Following propensity score matching, 343 patients were selected in each group. All patients completed a 3-year follow-up period.

Results

The results indicate no significant differences between the BB + ACEI group and BB + ARB group in terms of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and the rate of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the BB + ACEI group exhibited significantly lower risks in major adverse cardiac events (HR = 0.574, 95% CI: 0.421–0.783, p < .001), all-cause mortality (HR = 0.561, 95% CI: 0.404–0.778, p = .001), and non-cardiac death (HR = 0.365, 95% CI: 0.208–0.639, p < .001) compared to the BB + ARB group.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that BB + ACEI treatment is more beneficial than BB + ARB for high Killip grade AMI patients. Additionally, the BB + ACEI group has a superior preventative effect on mortality compared to the BB + ARB group.
Anti-inflammatory Effect of Batroxobin Combined With Anticoagulation in Patients With Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Lan Duo , Zhang Xiaoming , Huang Xiangqian , Li Jingrun , Song Jiahao , Zhou Da , Meng Ran
Published: July 2024

Inflammation is pivotal in the pathogenesis and development of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Herein, we aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of batroxobin combined with anticoagulation in CVT. Participants were categorized into the batroxobin group (batroxobin combined with anticoagulation) and the control group (anticoagulation only). Regression analysis was employed to explore the association between the number of episodes of batroxobin administration and the fluctuation of inflammatory indicators, as well as the proportion of patients with inflammatory indicators that were reduced after batroxobin use. Twenty-three cases (age: 39.9 ± 13.8 years, female: 39.1%) in the batroxobin group and 36 cases (40.3 ± 9.6 years, 52.8%) in the control group were analyzed. Compared to the control group, batroxobin combined with anticoagulation significantly decreased fibrinogen ( P < .001), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) ( P = .016) and systemic immune–inflammation index (SII) ( P = .008), and increased the proportion of the patients with lower fibrinogen ( P < .001), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ( P = .005), PLR ( P = .026), and SII ( P = .006). Linear analysis showed that as the number of episodes of batroxobin administration increased, the fibrinogen ( P < .001), the PLR ( P = .001), and the SII ( P = .020) significantly decreased. Logistic regression analysis showed as the number of episodes of batroxobin administration increased, the ratio of the patients with decreased NLR ( P = .008) and PLR ( P = .015), as well as SII ( P = .013), significantly increased. Batroxobin could decrease NLR, PLR, and SII in CVT. The effect was related to the number of episodes of batroxobin administration. Besides reducing fibrinogen and indirect thrombolysis effects, this may be another critical benefit of batroxobin for CVT.
Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Plasma-Derived Von Willebrand Factor-Containing Factor VIII Concentrates in Patients With Von Willebrand Disease in Italy
Authors: Federici Augusto B. , Santoro Rita Carlotta , Santoro Cristina , Pieri Lisa , Santi Roberto Mario , Barillari Giovanni , Borchiellini Alessandra , Tosetto Alberto , Zanon Ezio , De Cristofaro Raimondo , Mairal Esther , Mir Roser
Published: July 2024

Plasma-derived von Willebrand factor-containing factor VIII concentrates (pd-VWF/FVIII-C) are the mainstay of treatment in von Willebrand disease (VWD). Real-world data on efficacy and safety of these pd-VWF/FVIII-C are required. To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of pd-VWF/FVIII-C (Fanhdi® and Alphanate®, Grifols) in clinical practice in Italy. A multicentric, observational, retrospective study at 10 Italian centers was conducted. Eligible patients diagnosed with inherited VWD (ISTH criteria) were treated with either Fanhdi® or Alphanate® for bleeding episodes, prevention of surgical bleeding and secondary long-term prophylaxis (SLTP) according to clinical practice with medical records collected from January 2007 to December 2019. Efficacy/safety of pd-VWF/FVIII-C was assessed according to FDA-agreed objective criteria following regulatory procedures. Fifty-seven patients (M/F: 21/36) were enrolled in the study with the following VWD types: VWD1 (n = 29, 52%), VWD2A (n = 10, 18%), VWD2B (n = 7, 12%), VWD2M (n = 2, 4%), VWD2N (n = 1, 2%), VWD2 unclassified (n = 1, 2%), and VWD3 (n = 7, 12%). These pd-VWF/FVIII-C were used to manage 58 bleeding episodes (n = 24 patients), 100 surgeries (n = 47 patients), and 7 SLTP (n = 6 patients). Global clinical efficacy with these pd-VWF/FVIII-C was reported to be excellent/good in 85% of bleeding episodes, 98% of surgeries, and 100% of SLTP. As far as safety, no adverse-drug-related episodes, immunogenic or thrombotic events were reported. This study confirmed that Fanhdi® and Alphanate® were effective and safe in the management of bleeding episodes, the prevention of bleeding during surgeries and for SLTP in Italian patients with inherited VWD.
An integral sliding-mode observer-based equivalent-input-disturbance method for fault-tolerant control of permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system
Authors: Huang Gang , Li Jiajun , Yang Yao , Zhang Yuhan
Published: July 2024

Aiming at the problem of the control performance degradation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system due to permanent magnet demagnetization, which is caused by mechanical vibration and high temperature, this paper presents an equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) fault-tolerant control method based on an integral sliding-mode observer (ISMO). The mathematical model of a PMSM with demagnetization fault in dq-axis coordinate system is first established. Then, the model is transformed into an EID system one. An ISMO is used to estimate the state variables of the EID system and an equivalent-input-demagnetization fault. The estimate of the equivalent-input-demagnetization fault is compensated in a feed-forward manner. Thus, the fault-tolerance control of PMSM demagnetization is achieved. Finally, the stability analyses of the ISMO and the entire EID system are given. The comparative results of a hardware-in-the-loop experiment show that the designed method effectively improves the fault-tolerant control performance of a PMSM drive system with demagnetization fault.
Lipid extract of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis as a bioactive ingredient
Authors: García-Segovia Purificación , Uribe-Wandurraga Zaida Natalia , Igual Marta , Mullor José Luís , Martínez-Monzó Javier
Published: July 2024

A growing market for seaweed products has emerged in the last 20 years, with microalgae and their extracts representing a source of high-value chemicals. In this study, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of lipid fraction extract from Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella) and Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF cells) were evaluated. Treatments with Chlorella and Spirulina lipid extracts in NHDF cells at 0.1, 0.5, and 1% significantly protect UVA-induced damage by decreasing oxidative stress in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but do not display any significant protection from HEV-induced damage. Chlorella or Spirulina lipid extracts at 0.1 and 0.5% display significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the 2-propanol-induced IL-6 expression on NHDF cells in vitro but showed no decrease in TNF-α expression. Chlorella and Spirulina lipid extracts present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity on NHDF cells.
To Be or Not To Be (an Ad): Advertising Students’ Understanding of Instagram In-Feed Native Advertising
Authors: Wan Anan
Published: July 2024

This study explores advertising students’ recognition and comprehension of in-feed native advertising on Instagram, a leading platform for social media native advertising. Data were collected from 303 U.S. college advertising students. It examines the impact of two key aspects of Instagram in-feed native advertising—an additional label (“Shop Now”) and ad-context congruency—through both quantitative and qualitative data. Findings reveal a significant deficit in native ad recognition among advertising students. Qualitative analysis identified four themes constituting Instagram in-feed advertising for advertising students: professional photo quality, branded products, persuasive elements, and excessive hashtags. Quantitative results indicate that high ad-context congruency led to higher perceptions of nativeness and more positive emotions, but did not significantly influence ad attitudes or negative emotions. The study underscores practical and theoretical implications for advertising educators and scholars, emphasizing the need for enhanced digital advertising literacy and discussing broader implications for advertising pedagogy and practices.
“I didn’t come here for your judgement” alongside “they understand you and encourage you”: Exploring the narratives of young black and mixed-race LGBTQ+ people who have a physical health condition and their experiences within physical health services
Authors: Williams Nicole , McParland James , Unadkat Shreena , Huckridge Jaymie
Published: July 2024

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals experience health inequalities. Young people living with a health condition are also more likely to experience adverse mental health outcomes. Developing positive identity can help to mitigate the impact of this. Young black LGBTQ+ people have additional barriers to developing positive identity. Current research rarely considers the intersection of these identities for young people despite the discrimination they may face, and the impact this may have on their health. A narrative approach allows these voices to be heard in research. Eight participants were interviewed using a narrative approach. Interviews were analysed using content and thematic narrative analysis. Global summaries of each interview were developed and ‘plot lines’ emerged from these. A central plot related to identity development, with two plots embedded in these exploring experiences of illness and of healthcare. Participants had positive experiences of healthcare despite encountering stigma. Access to positive role models and being able link in with various communities allowed participants to integrate and accept their identities. A key discussion point in this study is the ways in which healthcare staff could become role models for young LGBTQ+ people and help them to integrate and accept their identities.
De-celebrifying the problematic wanghong: Interlocking tensions in Chinese digital anti-fandom
Authors: Yang Xinying
Published: July 2024

The deconstruction of celebrity persona reflects public concerns within rapidly changing societies. Bringing perspectives from de-legitimation and anti-fandom, this paper investigates how Wanwan, a controversial Chinese Internet celebrity (wanghong), was de-celebrified as a bragger, sugar baby, and two-faced traitor by her anti-fans. Anti-fans condemned Wanwan for her self-glorification, sex trading for material goods, and immorality as an elite. Despite demonstrating anti-fan efforts to seek representative justice online, their discourses are problematic for bolstering classist, neoliberal feminist, populist, and moral perfectionist ideologies. A more serious concern pertains to the politicization of personal animosity through de-celebrification, wherein anti-fans try to exploit state power to cancel the celebrities they dislike. In addition to validating a discursive approach that fleshes out (de-)celebrification studies, this paper refines our understanding of the politics of dislike by unraveling the complex socio-political dynamics behind anti-fandom and de-celebrification.
Breaching BBC impartiality rules: Journalism identity, institutional networks and social media
Authors: Luengo María , Gil-López Teresa
Published: July 2024

Since implementing its latest impartiality guidelines in October 2021, the BBC has rebuked several of its news presenters for related violations. BBC journalists are required to adhere to these norms, so why are some expressing defiance? In light of the BBC’s vast global reach and reputation for journalistic impartiality, this article uses social network and discourse analysis to explore how contemporary journalism is challenging the norm of impartiality. Drawing upon network analysis of the Twitter accounts of BBC journalists and a qualitative content analysis of their Twitter feeds vis-à-vis BBC’s impartiality guidelines, this study examines the relationship between their positions and roles with their discourse on the news online network. Based on our findings, journalists’ roles have a significant impact on their use of discursive approaches and stances on the subject of impartiality when transitioning from a regimen of balance to a regimen of due impartiality.
Southern creative robotics – A collaborative framework to implement computational design, fabrication and robotics
Authors: Henriques Goncalo Castro , Passaro Andres Martin , Garcia Alvarado Rodrigo , González Böhme Luis Felipe , Quitral Zapata Francisco Javier , Araya Sergio
Published: July 2024

Scientific knowledge, ideally neutral and impartial, is inevitably shaped by geographical, economic, and cultural contexts. This research contends that overcoming the constraints of human and economic scarcity, inertia, and limited funding access demands development of collaborative research networks. To this end, four university laboratories from Brazil and Chile - UFRJ, UBB, UTFSM and UAI - have united to advance robotics applied to architecture. The methodology begins with an analysis of Industry 4.0, Fab Lab implementations, and robotics in architecture in the region. They identify key research aspects by mapping each laboratory’s activities and technologies to pinpoint expertise and potential collaborative areas. The authors propose a summary table comparing the labs and a chronological overview to track regional robotics advancement. To raise awareness among peers, the initiative involves joint actions such as courses, workshops and technical visits.1Recognising the scarcity of robotic units and the inapplicability of procedures from wealthier contexts, the authors draw on their lab experience to propose guidelines for implementing robotics research units in academia within the region. This includes technological alternatives, installation considerations, and detailed configuration reviews. The deployment of additional robotic units is a means to foster collaboration and bolster the network. Anticipated outcomes encompass increased critical mass, collaborative research initiatives, faculty and student exchange across institutions, higher publication rates, knowledge acquisition, and improved access to global funding agencies. In summary, the Southern Creative Robotics network initiative aims to catalyse the creative integration of digital manufacturing and robotics technology within design in the Ibero-American context.
Effect of Y2O3 nanoparticles on microstructure, corrosion resistance and hardness of Ni–W/CeO2 composite coatings
Authors: Saeidpour Fatemeh , Heidari Gholamreza
Published: July 2024

Ni–W, Ni–W/CeO2 and Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3 coatings were created by the electroplating method. The microstructure and chemical composition of the coatings were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. The phase composition was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical test was performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The average hardness values of the coatings were also determined. The results showed that Y2O3 particles considerably increased the corrosion resistance of the Ni–W/CeO2 composite coating. The microhardness evaluations revealed that the highest hardness value was obtained for the Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3-coated Cu.
Biogenic corrosion inhibition through Bacillus coagulans on mild steel in mild acidic medium
Authors: Lamba Sonika , Patel Saraswati , Vishwakarma Rajendra , Dwivedi Jaya , Sharma Swapnil
Published: July 2024

In the present study, the corrosion inhibition properties of Bacillus coagulans against mild steel (MS) were studied employing electrochemical procedures to monitor the real-time corrosion rate, mechanism, development of efficient mitigation strategies, and material protection. Results of the study revealed that under acidic environments B. coagulans formed a protective biofilm on MS surface and caused marked reduction in corrosion and other forms of mutilation. Characterization and electrochemical procedures were performed to investigate the inhibitory effects of B. coagulans at different pH and at different temperatures on the corrosion rate and, to determine the mechanism of corrosion prevention. The film developed on surface of the MS by B. coagulans, was crack free, compact, and lipophilic in nature and was composed of amyloid fibers, carboxylic acid, and proteins that make electrochemical reactions that, accruing on the metal–solution interface difficult and substantial reduction in corrosion rates observed. The film adhered to the surface of metal substrates shows fitting with diverse adsorption isotherm indications, with physical adsorption being the predominant pattern observed in most cases. This suggests that the interaction between the biofilm and metal surfaces is primarily governed by physical forces. To conclude, B. coagulans exhibits protective action on MS against corrosion.
Why Students Leave Their Majors: A Meta-Ethnography
Authors: Cody Rachael Ann
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine and integrate the findings of several qualitative studies on student attrition in higher education to identify the factors that influenced study participants’ decisions to switch out or drop out of their initially chosen majors. This meta-ethnography included nine qualitative studies that were analyzed using Noblit and Hare's (1988) seven-step approach to the synthesis of qualitative research. Findings indicate that study participants shared feelings of being underprepared for the academic challenges associated with their chosen majors, that they experienced a lack of support throughout their experience as students in their programs, and that the combination of the lack of preparation and lack of support led students to feel overwhelmed. The findings suggest that students who choose to leave their majors may need additional support from those in their academic areas of interest, as well as from academic advisors.
A Double-Blind Study on the Effectiveness of Polarized Light Therapy in the Treatment of Venous leg Ulcers—Pilot Study
Authors: Pasek Jarosław , Szajkowski Sebastian , Cieślar Grzegorz
Published: July 2024

Vein diseases are one of the most common civilization diseases. The most advanced form chronic venous insufficiency are venous leg ulcers. The study included 40 patients, 20 male (50%) and 20 female (50%) in age between 52 and 88 years (mean age: 68.00 ± 8.55 years) with venous leg ulcers lasting 12.50 ± 5.45 months. Patients were distributed randomly in a double-blind study into two equal groups including 20 patients each (group 1—polarized light therapy and group 2—sham exposure). Patients from both groups received routine pharmacological treatment, specialistic medical dressings and compression therapy. In addition, patients were exposed to a cycle of polarized light therapy procedures or to sham exposures (30 procedures performed in two series of 15 procedures). Wound surface area was evaluated by computerized planimetry and pain intensity was assessed with the use of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after therapy (2.5 months). The analysis showed a statistically significant reduction of surface ulcers area between groups 1 and 2. The median (IQR) size of wounds in group 1 was 2.4 (1.95–2.9) cm2, in group 2; 2.8 (2.6–3.1) cm2 ( p = 0.038). The level of pain (VAS) after treatment was assessed in group 1, median (IQR): 2 (2–3) points, in group 2 4.5 (4–5) points; and the observed difference was also statistically significant ( p < 0.001). In group 1, after treatment, the area of ulcers decreased—median (IQR): 33.05 (28.7–41.48) %, in group 2 by 18.99 (15–24.4) % ( p < 0.001). In group 1, the pain intensity measured using the VAS scale decreased with a median (IQR): 71.42 (61.25–71.42) %, in group 2: 37.5 (28.57–50) % ( p < 0.001). Complex therapy with polarized light therapy added to standard care was more effective than standard care alone in reducing of ulcers surface area and intensity of pain ailments in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers.