bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Within-Person Change in Three Large Panel Studies to Estimate Personality Age Trajectories
Authors: Seifert Ingo S , Rohrer Julia M. , Schmukle Stefan C.
Published: August 2023

How does personality change when people get older? Numerous studies have investigated this question, overall supporting the idea of so-called personality maturation. However, heterogeneous findings have left open questions, such as whether maturation continues in old age and how large the effects are. We suggest that the heterogeneity is partly rooted in methodological issues. First, studies may have failed to recover age effects, as they did not stringently separate within-person changes from confounding between-person differences. Second, items supposedly belonging to the same trait may show different individual trajectories, thus rendering results sensitive to the specific set of items used. We analyzed panel data from Australia (N = 15,268; Study 1), Germany (N = 22,833; Study 2), and the Netherlands (N = 10,163; Study 3) to investigate age trends in the Big Five on the levels of both scores and items. We applied a fixed effects approach that incorporates only within-person changes over time. Developmental trends in the Big Five scores were generally moderate to large and broadly confirmed personality maturation at younger ages. At older ages, maturation consistently continued for Neuroticism, whereas we found mixed evidence for such changes in Conscientiousness and Agreeableness. Furthermore, in each study, individual items showed age trends that diverged from the rest of the corresponding trait; and these differential patterns could be partly replicated across the three studies. Our results highlight the importance of items in the study of personality development and provide an explanation for previously unaccounted for variability in age trends.
Replies to commentaries on Beyond Playing 20 Questions with Nature
Authors: Almaatouq Abdullah , Griffiths Thomas L. , Suchow Jordan W , Whiting Mark E , Evans James , Watts Duncan J
Published: August 2023

Commentaries on the target article offer diverse perspectives on integrative experiment design. Our responses engage three themes: (1) Disputes of our characterization of the problem. (2) Skepticism towards our proposed solution. (3) Endorsement of the solution, with accompanying discussions of its implementation in existing work and its potential for other domains. Collectively, the commentaries enhance our confidence in the promise and viability of integrative experiment design, while highlighting important considerations about how it is used.
Adults Show Positive Moral Evaluations of Curiosity about Religion
Authors: White Cindel , Mosley Ariel J. , Heiphetz Larisa
Published: August 2023

Four experiments investigated the perceived virtue of curiosity about religion. Adults from the United States made moral judgments regarding targets who exhibited curiosity, possessed relevant knowledge, or lacked both curiosity and knowledge about religion and comparison topics (e.g., science). Participants attributed greater moral goodness to targets who displayed curiosity compared to targets who were ignorant or knowledgeable about the domain. This preference was consistent across Jewish, Protestant, Catholic, and other Christian participants, but was absent when atheists evaluated religious curiosity. Perceptions of effort partially mediated judgments: participants viewed curious characters as exerting more effort and consequently rated them as more moral. To test causality, we manipulated perceptions of effort and showed that participants viewed curious characters who exerted effort as particularly moral. This work fosters novel insights into the perceived virtue of curiosity and further illuminates similarities and differences between religious and scientific cognition.
Making Waves for Nigerian Youths Through Education and Technology: The Harsh Fantasy of the Environment
Authors: Akinyemi Isiaka Adeniran , Akinyemi Kabiru Olusegun
Published: August 2023

The goal of this paper is to bring to light an adequate understanding of the concepts of "making waves," to capture the minds of parents, students, and other members of society, on how education and technology can help to excel, and to educate one on the negative effects of social vices on the environment. However, the benefits of education and technology to both individuals and society were examined as a catalyst for social and economic sustainability. Hence, education and technology have been unraveled as a medium for achieving sustainable development when youths strive for excellence in their academic pursuits and eschew vices. The paper looked at technology and its emergence in the twenty-first century, how to make waves through digitalisation, the importance of digital education in Nigerian schools, challenges to the digitalisation of education in Nigeria, and ways to strive for excellence. This paper suggested, among others, that government should sufficiently fund education from the primary to the high school levels. Drugs, sex abuse, cults, and other vices must be rejected by every member of the community. A decrease in the number of children who are not in school must also be ensured by the government at all levels of the nation, along with provisions for the necessary infrastructure, learning, and teaching tools.
An investigation of the salary received during COVID- 19 by low-paid employees working in private schools in Nepal
Authors: Singh Daman Bahadur
Published: August 2023

Covid-19, which started in Uhan in China at the end of 2019, spread all over the world at the beginning of 2020. Which Nepal could not remain untouched. In March 2020, the government began to lock down on the spread of corona in Nepal. In addition to teachers, various staff is also employed in each private school. Among the employees, low-salary paid employees like drivers/attendants, Peon, Aaya, swipers, and Security Guard. These types of employees were found to be providing various services on the school premises even during the non-operation of the school during the lockdown period.

To examine the salary of low-paid employees of a private school in Kathmandu Valley (Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts) before and during the COVID-19 period. Examine the significant difference between the mean salary received before the pandemic and during the pandemic period are the two main objectives of this research.

The population during this research was private schools running in Kathmandu valley including Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts. Altogether there were 1500 private schools in Kathmandu valley. Out of them, five secondary schools from each district were purposively selected for the research. In this research quantitative research design was adopted.

In the sampling design, the nonprobability sampling technique (purposive technique) was applied to select the required number of schools from each district. The selected school’s low-salary paid school staff like a security guard, Driver and conductor, Aaya, peon, and swiper were categorized, and from each category, 15 respondents were selected as a sampling unit from each selected district.  The total number of respondents was 60.

After analyzing the data before the pandemic, the salary of a security guard, Driver/conductor, peon/Aaya, and sweeper were 20333.33, 9466.66, and 7933.34, and during the pandemic were 5333. 33, 5533. 334033. 33, 3500,.respectively. Variations of salary provided to them by different schools were very high. There is a significant difference in the mean salary received by different low-salary paid staff before and during the pandemic period.
मानुषी कविताको लैङ्गिक अध्ययन
Authors: Kalpana Luitel
Published: August 2023

प्रगतिवादी साहित्यकार पारिजातद्वारा रचित मानुषी कविता मूलतः लैङ्गिक समानताका दृष्टिले नारीवादी मान्यतामारचना भएको पाइन्छ । प्रस्तुत मानुषी कवितामा नेपाली समाजमा विद्यमान लैङ्गिक भेदभाव र शोषण रहेको तथा पुरुषलेमहिलालाई कोसौं पछाडि पारेको तथ्य विभिन्न उदाहरणका साथ प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कवितामा लैङ्गिक शोषणर भेदभावको अन्त्य गरी समानतामूलक उन्नत समाज निर्माण गर्नुपर्ने उद्देश्य राखेको पाइन्छ । सभ्यताको प्रारम्भमा नारी शक्तिशाली थिए । तापनि पुरुषलाई नारीले अवसर दिएर अगाडि बढाएको दृष्टान्त दिँदै अहिले नेपाली नारीको अवस्था धेरै पछाडि रहेको देखाउन पारिजात सफल भएकी छन्। जबसम्म नारी र पुरुष दुवै समान र बराबरीको हैसियतमा आउँदैनन्, तबसम्म समाज, देश सम्पन्न बन्न सक्दैन भन्ने मान्यता कवितामा अभिव्यक्त भएको छ । मानुषी कवितामा हाम्रो समाजका नारीहरूको अवस्था ज्यादै दयनीय भएको हुँदा नारीलाई तिमीहरू प्राकृतिक रूपमा समान हौ; यहाँको समाजव्यवस्थाले, राज्यव्यवस्थाले अनेकन् जालझेल, षडयन्त्र गरेर पछि पारेको हो। त्यसैले अब नारी आफ्नो अधिकार लिन अगाडि बढ्नुपर्ने कुरा सचेत गराउने सन्दर्भ कविताभर व्यक्त भएको छ । सृष्टिको प्रारम्भमा नारीप्रधान रहेको समाज वर्तमान्मा पुरुषप्रधानमा रूपान्तरण हुन पुगेको देखाउँदै अब समान भएर एकसाथ हिड्नुपर्ने कविताको उद्देश्य बनेको छ । समीक्षामा विवेच्य पक्षको पहिचान गर्न पुस्तकालयीय विधि प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कवितामा नारी अस्तित्वको समस्या प्रस्तुत भएको छ । विवेच्य कवितामा नारी र पुरुष एक–अर्कोको हात समाइ बराबरीको अवस्थामा बाँच्न चाहन्छन् भन्ने प्रगतिवादी विचार प्रकट भएको छ । प्रगतिवादी तथा समानतामूलक दृष्टिमा रचना भएको यस कवितामा नारीमा अधिकार प्राप्तिको चेतना उजागर भएको तथ्य पहिल्याउनु नै लेखको अभीष्ट हो।
माधवी उपन्यासमा करुणरसको अनुभूति
Authors: Lamsal Ram Hari
Published: August 2023

प्रस्तुत आलेख मदनमणि दीक्षितको माधवी उपन्यासमा करुणरसको अनुभूति शीर्षकमा त्यस भित्रको कारुणिता अध्ययन गरिएको अनुसन्धानात्मक कार्य हो। साहित्यमा अभिव्यक्त हुने रसहरूमध्ये करुण रसलाई सबैभन्दा महत्त्वपूर्ण मानिएको छ । हरेक विधागत साहित्यिक कृतिमा वmुनै न वmुनै रसको प्रस्तुति रहन्छ तापनि करुणरसको प्रस्तुति भएको साहित्यक कृतिलाई विशिष्ट प्रकारको मानिन्छ । साहित्यमा करुणरसको अनुभूति सुखात्मक र दुःखात्मक दुवै अवस्थामा गर्न सकिन्छ । माधवी उपन्यासमा सुखदुःखात्मक दुवै प्रकारको करुणाको अनुभूति हुन्छ । माधवी उपन्यासमा शोक स्थायीभाव जनित करुणा नभभई वात्सल्य एवं विप्रलम्ब शृङ्गार जनित करुणाको अनुभूति हुन्छ । माधवी उपन्यासको समग्र विषयवस्तुभित्र करुणाको विशिष्ट सञ्चार गराइएको छ । यस आलेखमा माधवी उपन्यसमा करूण रसको अनुभूति अध्ययनका निम्ति चरित्रहरूको सुखात्मक र दुःखात्मक अवस्थाको आंकलन गर्दै तिनमा निहीत स्वनिष्ट र परनिष्ट करुणालाई आधार मानेर उपन्यसका प्रमुख चरित्र र अन्य चरित्रमा अनुभूत कारुणिकताको खोज, अध्ययन र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उत्तरवैदिककालीन आर्य र असुर समाजमा विद्यमान दासप्रथा अन्त्य गरी दासमुक्त समाज बनाउने उद्देश्य अनुरूप महर्षि विश्वामित्रले परिकल्पना गरेको दासमोचन यज्ञको पृष्टभूमिमा माधवीको विषयवस्तु प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । विश्वामित्रका शिष्य गालवले गुरुदक्षिणा निम्ति अनुरोध गरेपछि विश्वामित्रले चारओटा श्यामकर्ण घोडा दक्षिणा स्वरुप मागिदिएकाले उपन्यासको समग्र कथानक कारुणिक बनेको छ । विश्वामित्रको गुरुदक्षिणाभारबाट मुक्त हुन गालवले ययातिपुत्री माधवीलाई माध्यम बनाएको छ । गालव र माधवी श्यामकर्ण घोडाप्राप्तिका निम्ति कोशल, काशी, भोजनगर र चम्पासम्म विचरण गर्दै आफ्नो उद्देश्यमा सफल हुन्छन्। चारओटा श्यामकर्ण प्राप्त गरुन्जेल र त्यसपछिका दिनहरूमा गालव र माधवीले गर्नु परेको कठोर व्रत र सङ्घर्षको जीवन गाथा नै करुणरसको मुख्य श्रोत हो। गुरु दक्षिणाभारबाट मुक्त भएपछि माधवी स्वयंवरमा गालव उपस्थित हुन नसक्दा माधवी वानप्रस्थी भएर हिँड्छे। उनीहरू केही वर्ष सँगसँगै रहेर गुरुदक्षिणाबाट पार भए पनि धेरै वर्ष एक्लाएकलै, एकले अर्कोलाई खोज्दै यायावरीय जीवन बिताउँछन्। अन्तमा माधवीकै सम्राट् पुत्रहरूले गर्न लागेको चतुःराष्ट्र वाजपेय यज्ञमा गालव र माधवी एक्ला एक्लै अनायस आइपुग्छन्। त्यहीं उनीहरूले यज्ञकर्ता राजाहरूलाई आफ्नो पूर्वगाथा सुनाउने व्रmममा माधवीको कथानक बुनिएको छ । यस उपन्यासका प्रमुख चरित्र गालव र माधवी, अन्य सहायक चरित्रहरू तथा दासदासीका जीवननिष्ट कारुणिकताको अध्ययन नै यस आलेखको मुख्य प्रस्तुति रहेको छ ।
राइटर बाजे कथामा लैङ्गिकता {Gender in Writer Baje's Fiction}
Authors: रेग्मी Regmi रेखाकौशल Rekhakaushal
Published: August 2023

प्रस्तुत लेखमा कथाकार विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइरालाद्वारा लिखित राइटर बाजे कथामा लैङ्गिकताको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । कथाकार विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइराला आधुनिक नेपाली कथाका आरम्भकर्ता मध्येका एक तथा मनोवैज्ञानिक यथार्थलाई आख्यानीकरण गर्ने स्रस्टा हुन् । मानव मनका अन्तर्यलाई कथ्यविषयका रूपमा चयन गरी आख्यानात्मक पूर्णता दिने कोइरालाका कथा चरित्रप्रधान संरचनाका रहेका छन् । राइटर बाजे सांस्कृतिक सम्मिलन र सहअस्तित्वको विषयलाई यौन मनोविज्ञानको आवरणमा रचना गरिएको कथा हो । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनका लागि सोद्देश्यमूलक रूपमा चयन गरिएका प्रतिनिधि पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षा गरी रिक्तता स्थापित गरिएको छ । आख्यान शास्त्रीय र वैचारिक दर्शनका आधारमा प्रस्तुतकथाको अध्ययन भए पनि लैङ्गिकताका आधारमा अध्ययनमा रहेको रिक्ततालाई यस अध्ययनका लागि शोध समस्यानिर्धारण गरिएको छ । पाठविश्लेषणकेन्द्री गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचा र विश्लेषण विधि अवलम्बन गरिएको यस अध्ययनको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधार लैङ्गिकताले साहित्यक पाठलाई विश्लेषण गर्ने आधारलाई चयन गरिएको छ । लैङ्गिकता सांस्कृतिक अध्ययन अन्तर्गतको एउटा समालोचना पद्धति हो । यस अध्ययन पद्धतिभित्र साहित्यकारले कृतिमा प्रस्तुत गरेको महिला र पुरूषका सामाजिक सम्बन्ध र त्यसले निर्धारण गरेका सामाजिक/सांस्कृतिक निर्मितिको समालोचना गरिन्छ । लैङ्गिक अध्ययनअन्तर्गत लैङ्गिक समता र समविकाससँगै पितृसत्ता, लैङ्गिक प्रतिनिधित्व, लैङ्गिक सम्बन्ध, लैङ्गिकविभेद, यौनिकता, शरीर राजनीति, नारीवाद, लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोध जस्ता प्रतिमानका आधारमा कृतिको विश्लेषण गरिन्छ । पितृसत्ता भन्नाले पुरूषको प्रभुता वा वर्चस्व, सर्वोच्चता तथा परिवार र समाजमा पुरूषको शासन, सामाजिक संरचनाका महिलाको परनिर्भरता र पुरूषको महिलामाथिको अधीनतालाई देखाउने सामाजिक/सांस्कृतिक विचारधारा रहेको छ । कथाको प्रमुख पात्रको भूमिकामा नारीचरित्रको प्रयोग भएको कथामा लैङ्गिक समानतालाई विशेष स्थान दिइएको छ । कथामा आएका दृष्टान्तले परम्परागत ज्ञानको प्रसारण रहेको सामाजिक संरचनाभित्र लैङ्गिक समानता र समविकासको पक्षधरता पुष्टि गरेको छ । भोटिनीको भूमिकाले नारीकेन्द्री वर्चस्व स्थापना गर्ने विचारधारा र आफ्नोप्रतिरोधपूर्ण ज्ञानलाई अस्वीकार गरेको छ । अध्यात्मवादी दर्शनबाट अनुप्राणित पुरूषकेन्द्री पितृसत्तात्मक ज्ञान तथाउक्त ज्ञान निर्देशित सामाजिक संरचनाको वर्चस्वलाई प्रस्तुत गरेको छ । भाग्यवादी विचारधारा अङ्गीकार गरेकी भोटिनीले भाग्यवादलाई अवलम्बन गर्नुको मुख्य कारण आत्मसम्मान र पहिचान रहेको छ । यस तथ्यका आधारमा प्रस्तुत कथा अध्यात्मवाद अनुप्राणित पितृसत्ता तथा भाग्यवादी पुरूष वर्चस्वको संयोजन भएको रचनाका रूपमा रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा नारीवादको विषय नारी पुरूष सहअस्तित्व र नारी अस्तित्वको विषयसँग जोडिएर आएको छ । सामाजिक संरचनामा पुरूषकेन्द्री र नारीकेन्द्री पितृसत्ताको अभ्यास नेपाली सामाजिक संरचनामा प्रथाकै रूपमा रहेको छ । पुरूषकेन्द्री र नारीकेन्द्री पितृसत्ताले उत्पादन गरेका मानकलाई ध्वंश गरी आफ्नो जीवनचेतना अनुरूप जीवन बाँच्नका लागि नारीपुरूष सहअस्तित्व र आफ्नो स्वतन्त्र निर्णयका लागि अस्तित्वसँग जोडिएका सशक्त प्रतिकार सहितको नारीवाद अभिव्यञ्जित कथा रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
How Do Wives and Husbands in Dual-Earner Couples in Korea Coordinate Work Hours and Childcare?
Authors: Lee Yun-Suk , Song Yoo-Jean
Published: August 2023

This study examined how dual-earner couples in Korea coordinate their work time to cope with childcare responsibilities and whether they employ tag-team parenting. Using the 2019 Korean Time Use Survey data, we assessed time spent in childcare and paid work among dual-earner couples with young children. OLS regression analysis was conducted separately for mothers’ and fathers’ childcare time, focusing on time spent on paid work and differences in work schedules. Mothers tend to leave for work later and head home earlier compared to fathers, presumably to take care of children. Couples worked longer separately than concurrently, and paid work time was strongly associated with one’s own and spousal time spent on childcare, supporting the desynchronization of work hours at the couple-level. Although the mother’s major responsibilities for childcare are still prevalent in Korea, couples tend to desynchronize working time with spouses so that one parent can be present with the children.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of Faculty of Color Seeking Full-Time Employment in Rural Community Colleges
Authors: Vásquez Eduardo
Published: August 2023

The mission of community colleges is to create affordable pathways for students to enter the workforce or transfer into 4-year universities . However, community colleges have not been successful in efforts to assist Students of Color in completing an associate degree or transferring . Therefore, efforts have been made to increase the number of faculty of color in community colleges as they are influential in student success but faculty of color experience systematic oppression in higher education. Faculty of color in rural community colleges experience discrimination but do not want to share their concerns for fear of retribution in the conservative environment This study explored the experiences of faculty of color in rural community colleges as they transitioned from adjunct roles into tenure-track or tenured positions. An interpretivist phenomenological study using semistructured interviews was conducted on ten participants across three rural California community colleges. The findings from this study show that the participants had negative experiences in obtaining full-time employment in rural community colleges. However, they were able to obtain more experience and education during their pursuit of a tenured position. In addition, the participants saw themselves as agents of change in creating a more positive experience for students of color.
Recruiting and Retaining Higher Education Leaders for the Rural Community College “Lifestyle”
Authors: Mitchell Robert , Fuselier Nicholas , Witkowsky Patty
Published: August 2023

A significant amount of recent research and media coverage has focused on the challenges related to K–12 teacher shortages, particularly in rural regions of the United States. Far less research, however, has been conducted on the challenges faced by rural community colleges related to recruiting and retaining both academic and professional personnel. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to understand how current rural community college leaders are perceiving and addressing these challenges regarding recruitment and retention of personnel. A total of eight senior leaders in rural community colleges or state oversight agencies throughout one Mountain West state were interviewed. Through their experiences and insight, the authors synthesized their collective concerns to construct various promising practices on how to employ and hold on to personnel at rural community colleges.
Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Modelling Untuk Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Santri dalam Menghafal Al-Qur’an di Pondok Pesantren Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember
Authors: Kamaluddin Kamaluddin , Mawaddati Ika Romika Mawaddati
Published: August 2023

Usaha untuk memilahara kedisiplinan dalam menghafal qur’an, salah satunya harus benar-benar serius dalam menjalankan program yang telah disediakan lembaga, terdapat ketidakdisiplinan dalam menghafal qur’an di pondok pesantren Ibnu Katsir Jember. Dengan adanya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui bagaimana pelaksanaan layanan bombingan kelompok di pesantren. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif atau field reseach dengan penelitian ini peneliti akan lebih muda dalam mendapatkan hasil baik, dari data forman dan informan. Dengan menggunakan penelitian field reseach peneliti menemukan hasil bahwa bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik modelling pantas digunakan sebagai bahan untuk mengatahui kedisiplinan santri dalam menghafal qur’an di pondok pesantren Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember.
Mapping the relationship between innovation, categories of knowledge and institutional context in an organisation
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Varón Parra Mónica Silvana María , Cristancho Pinilla Edwin Arvey ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Montoya Restrepo Luz Alexandra ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: August 2023

Organisations are social entities formed by individuals with knowledge in an institutional context. Innovation is a social and economic phenomenon (Schumpeter, 1935a) that positively impacts organisations and economic growth. This paper maps the relationship between innovation, categories of knowledge, and institutional context in an organisation. It reviews innovative organisations as opportunity takers in an institutional context and understands innovations as the output of a multidirectional process where articulated and unarticulated knowledge is exchanged by individuals in the organisation. Innovation becomes a decision-making (selection and variation) process based on an individual's knowledge. That process has velocity and direction due to its relationship with the institutional context and the categories of knowledge. The paper concludes by presenting a conceptual model to explain the relationship between the concepts studied. It integrates innovation theories, knowledge economy literature, and sociological perspectives.
Fomento de la Innovación Social: La España vaciada
Authors:   Universidad de Extremadura, Guerra Guerra Alicia , Flores Polán Mª Gema ,   Universidad de Extremadura
Published: August 2023

La actual efervescencia de la Innovación Social (IS) obedece a su potencial de progreso socioeconómico. Pero este poder transformador requiere saber que la solución a un problema social y local surge más fácilmente en el propio territorio en el que aparece. Es más, impulsar la IS exige comenzar por conocer la singularidad del territorio al que afecta, es decir, los rasgos históricos y culturales que conforman su personalidad. Esto desaconseja que las políticas públicas repliquen modelos o prácticas exitosas en otros territorios. Dado que la investigación en IS debe intensificar su trabajo en esta dirección, se identifica una vía metodológica, con un fuerte componente tecnológico, que proporciona esta identidad territorial. Su viabilidad se evidencia centrándose en una de las zonas menos desarrolladas del país y con necesidad más apremiante en IS, conocida como España vaciada y, en concreto, en su lugar más afectado (Extremadura). Los resultados confirman este planteamiento y metodología.
Le dernier kilomètre dans une direction départementale des finances publiques
Authors: Dufresnoy Philippe
Published: August 2023

Une administration des finances publiques fournit des services à différentes catégories d’usagers. Si, selon la devise du Belastingdienst hollandais, « payer des taxes n’est pas agréable mais nous pouvons le rendre plus facile », ceci passe par des organisations et des processus orientés en fonction de l’usager. Empruntée au champ de la logistique, la question du « dernier kilomètre » a trait à l’application de la norme. Elle doit être traitée en maximisant à la fois la satisfaction de l’usager et l’efficience du service. Mesurer la qualité et offrir une panoplie de canaux d’accès à l’administration semble adapté pour établir un équilibre gagnant-gagnant entre la proximité et les moyens modernes de communication.
THE GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS A YEAR AFTER THE START OF RUSSIA’S SPECIAL OPERATIONS IN UKRAINE: THE ROLE OF THE «BLACK SEA GRAIN INITIATIVE»
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Deryugina Irina
Published: August 2023

The article highlights the problem of the impact of the «Black Sea Grain Initiative» on the food situation in the world 10 months after its signing. The positive and controversial issues for Russia and the poorest countries of the world community that arose during the implementation of the initiative are evaluated. Quantitative estimates of food exports under the «Black Sea Grain Initiative» and their distribution by country are given. The strongest unevenness of the export of food products from Ukraine is shown both by composition and by host countries. The characteristics and leading factors of the modern global food crisis are given. An attempt is made to show to what extent the conclusion of the «Black Sea Grain Initiative» has had an impact on the global food crisis, manifested in the constant increase of the hungry population in the world. The food crisis was caused by deep macroeconomic disturbances in the global agro-industrial complex, including asymmetric globalization, intensification of interfaith and regional conflicts, slowing economic growth, increasing inequality, degradation of resources for agricultural production. As a result, the «Black Sea Grain Initiative» did not have a significant impact on the global food crisis.
RUSSIA’S SPECIAL OPERATION IN UKRAINE: A VIEW FROM TEHRAN
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Dunaeva Elena
Published: August 2023

Since the first days of the Russia's special operation in Ukraine the leadership of the Islamic Republic of Iran has demonstrated a benevolently neutral stance. Stressing the unacceptability of military action as a means of solving conflicts, the Iranian side blames the United States and European countries for unleashing war. They provoked Russia by bringing NATO forces closer to its borders, which led to war. Showing a correct understanding of the reasons for the start of the special operation, official Tehran does not recognize the annexation of new territories and Crimea to Russia, emphasizing the inviolability of international borders. Iran categorically denies allegations of its involvement in military actions and stresses the fact that it does not provide direct military assistance to any of the parties to the conflict. The official Iranian stance has significantly intensified Russian-Iranian cooperation and, to some extent, minimized the impact of sanctions imposed on Russia. The use of Iran's economic and transit potential provides an opportunity to create a new export-import route. The prospects for joint industrial productions are being worked out. Trade exchanges are expanding. Iranian reformist and centrist forces condemn Russia's actions, criticize Iranian authorities for deepening military cooperation with Russia as it hinders the continuation of negotiations between the IRI and European countries on the restoration of the JCPOA.
MASS MEDIA OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA ON THE COURSE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION’S SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Kazarian Ruben
Published: August 2023

The trend in the South Korean media continues to be one-sided coverage of the conflict in Ukraine, condemning Russia's position and supporting the policies of a number of Western countries led by the United States. This is due both to the strategy of the new administration of President Yoon Seok Yeul to strengthen the military-political alliance with Washington, to support the latter's position on a number of foreign policy issues, and to the conscious selective information approach to covering both the special military operation itself and its political and diplomatic context. After the protracted nature of the conflict became apparent, the focus of attention turned to publications covering a wider range of issues, such as the economic consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict for the global economy, as well as the possible worsening of Russian-South Korean relations. The emphasis gradually shifted to the area of military confrontation in potentially explosive regions, one of which is the Korean Peninsula.
ISRAEL AND UKRAINIAN CONFLICT
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Karasova Tatiana
Published: August 2023

The Israeli leadership's attitude towards the Ukrainian conflict is closely related to the specific internal and foreign policy of the State of Israel. Israel's approach is less strategic and more tactical. Its refusal to extend valuable military assistance to Ukraine is centered on narrow regional operational concerns (in Syria and conflict with Iran) and not on matters of geopolitical positioning. Israel hopes to maintain its partnership with Washington without alienating Moscow. The Jewish state tries to avoid Western pressure to «choose a side» and instead be guided by concrete Israeli interests. Israel relies less on the notion that Israelis should trust Washington to defend their interests but follow self-reliance the consequences to its own defense. Ukrainians have been puffing harsh demands to increase Israeli financial and military support and shift its declaratory policy in favor of Kiev. But Jerusalem clearly aware this step would lead to crossing red lines» marked by Moscow which threatens the Israeli's security interests. Israel takes into account Russian influence in the region and prefers to keep its cooperative ties with Kremlin. Israel remains Washington's closest ally in the Middle East, but Biden administration and collective West expectations that the Israelis government to act like it were mostly not met. Israel has maintained a passive stance on Ukraine despite mounting pressure by Western allies.
THE EVOLUTION OF ATTITUDE BY SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES TO RUSSIA’S SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION ON UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Mosyakov Dmitry , Astafieva Ekaterina ,   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW)
Published: August 2023

The article presents a brief analysis of the evolution of the attitude of the countries of Southeast Asia to Russia's special military operation on the territory of Ukraine in the second half of 2022 - early 2023. It is concluded that the position of some ASEAN member states has changed under the pressure from the collective West led by the United States, points out the need to intensify Russia's actions in foreign policy contacts with the countries of the Southeast Asian region in order to develop mutually beneficial relations.
PERCEPTION OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT IN PAKISTAN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Serenko Irina
Published: August 2023

In this article, an attempt has been made to consider the consequences of Russia-Ukraine conflict, provoked by USA, not only at the global and regional, but at the country level, as well. By the Pakistan example it has been shown the Washington's attempts to use in the implicit form this new hotbed of tension to remove the unsuitable government of Imran Khan, which led to the polarization of the society social structure, plunged at present stage into deep economic and political crises threatening unpredictable internal and external consequences for the Pakistani state.
TAIWAN CRISIS ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF «BARGAINING OF WAR THEORY»
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Grafov Dmitry B.
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the consequences for China of the forceful reunification of Taiwan and to assess the acceptability of these consequences for Beijing authorities. The choice to conquer or not to conquer Taiwan is discussed from the perspective of the Bargaining Model of War that based on an assessment of the benefits costs ratio. The evaluation of the decision cost definitely depends on the perception of the rival’s actions and other external and internal variables. Each side evaluates more optimistic its own benefit-cost ratio and tries to shift the other side coast of war perception in order to change the decision to fight. The author comes to the conclusion that, on the one hand, the benefits-costs ratio is not favorable for Chinese authorities and they are not going to occupy Taiwan in current moment. But, on the other hand, China uses the threat to Taiwan as a lever in bargaining or deterring the United States. Also, the threat is used by Beijing for a pessimistic impact to the benefits-costs assessment in the event of Taiwan’s refusal to reunite and follow «Consensus 1992».
A SELF-PORTRAIT IN EXTERIOR (AN ESSAY ON MOHAMMED DIB’S LAST BOOK)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Projogina Svetlana V.
Published: August 2023

The essay centers on the outstanding Algerian French language writer, Mohammed Dib, and his last book ‘Laёzza’, which became a ‘confession of the soul’ by a man who had foreseen his impending death and wished to narrate, in a free form of short stories and autobiographical sketches, his life and spiritual experience, his perception of the surrounding world and destinies—of his native Algeria and his second home, France. Dib’ s writings and his last work are contemplations on the fate of the Maghreb people who had been long living in the West, as well as the French who have been understanding more and more that the problems of ‘integration’, ‘multiculturalism’ and other doubtful achievements of the former metropolitan power vis-à-vis the formerly colonized people, have been linked to such ‘postcolonial products’ as riots, terrorism and various other grades of the ‘time of anger’, for a long time emerging in the now independent ex-colonies. Many things foreseen by the writer at the beginning of the millennium came to be true nowadays, and thus in his farewell book he had not only reminisced about the past or contemplated upon the present, but also forecasted the future.
Dissiper les limites de l'éducation 5.0 et définir la vision de l'éducation 6.0
Authors: Moleka Pitshou Basikabio
Published: August 2023

Alors que l'éducation continue d'évoluer en réponse aux progrès technologiques, le concept d'Éducation 5.0 a pris de l'importance. Cependant, il est crucial d'analyser de manière critique les limites et les défis de ce modèle. Cet article présente un examen de l'éducation 5.0, identifie ses inconvénients et propose une vision pour l'éducation 6.0. À travers des études de cas et des discussions perspicaces, cet article vise à fournir une perspective nuancée sur l'avenir de l'éducation.
Les modèles macroéconomiques en usage à Madagascar
Authors: Ramaharo Franck Maminirina , Razanajatovo Yves Heritiana Mihaja , Aljaona Emanuella Miora
Published: August 2023

La modélisation économique joue un rôle crucial dans un pays car elle permet de mieux comprendre les interactions complexes entre les variables économiques et d'anticiper les impacts des décisions économiques au moyen des outils d'analyse et de prévision. Dans la présente note, nous recensons particulièrement les modèles macroéconomiques en usage à Madagascar et qui ont été internalisés au sein des départements ministériels en charge de l'Économie depuis les années 90. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que Madagascar dispose d'un éventail d'outils informatisés de modélisation, n'ayant pas nécessairement été pérennes, qui ont servis à surveiller son économie. Nous comptons des modèles comptables et quasi-comptables, des modèles d'équilibre général calculable (MEGC), des modèles d'équilibre général dynamique et stochastique (DSGE), des modèles économétriques appliquées aux prévisions immédiates et des modèles d'apprentissage automatique (Machine Learning). Cette note représente aussi un effort pour dévoiler les documents détaillant les spécificités techniques des modèles macroéconomiques malagasy dont la plupart sont depuis longtemps tombée dans l'oubli.
Animation-Based Learning Motivation Analysis on Human Digestive System Material to Evaluate Students’ Motivation
Authors: Tanjung Jaharuddin , Harahap Hasmi Syahputra
Published: August 2023

This study aims to evaluate students’ indication-based learning motivation as well as the level of animation-based learning motivation in the class XI Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) at Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri 2 Rantau Utara on human digestive system material. Descriptive statistical analysis is used in the research method’s quantitative component. Out of the 141 students in the XI Science class, 105 participants were randomly chosen from three classrooms using a purposive sampling technique. Instrument testing was done to ascertain the reliability and accuracy of the angles, questioner. The study’s methodology used the Student Learning Motivation Questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive analysis assisted by SPSS for Windows program. The findings revealed that students in class XI IPA 1 had extremely high levels of learning motivation (82.09), class XI IPA 2 had good levels 72.31, and XI IPA 3 had low levels 64.77 (good). Student motivation is measured by indicators such as persistence in learning, which has an average value of 77.65(good), tenacity in overcoming challenges, which has a value of 72.51(good), interest in learning, which has a value of 82.57(very good), achievement in learning, which has a value of 81.10(very good), and independent indicator in learning, which has a value of 74.21(good). Teachers should be able to use learning innovations like animated media or other interactive media to continue motivating students to learn as a result of this study’s follow-up findings. This will ensure that students are always interested in what they are learning.
Correlation of Gadget Use on Social Behavior and Learning Interest of Elementary School Students
Authors: Nur Safitri Dwi Aryanti Muchsin , Rukmana Diki
Published: August 2023

With the changes in the advancement of knowledge of technology there is the influence of globalization especially in the field of interaction tools namely gadgets. This can have an impact especially on elementary school children who use gadgets for a long time every day resulting in a decrease in the quality of interest in learning and social behavior. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between the use of gadgets and the social behavior and learning interest of elementary school students by looking for the factors causing the influence of these three variables especially students in class 1-6 in the city of Bekasi. The research instrument consisting of 35 questionnaire items was distributed using a survey research design at Sekolah Dasar (SD) Negeri Harapan Baru 1 Bekasi with a sample size of 100 students. Data processing used the SmartPls application to evaluate the outer model, inner model, analyze instrument validation and hypothesis testing. The findings of the analysis of the outer loading factor results obtained out of 35 items there were 7 question items that did not meet the requirements because they had an outer loading factor <0.700 so that only 28 statement items were used in the research. The results of the research hypothesis were that the original sample value was positive, the tendency for the correlation variable was one-way as seen from the p-value 0.000. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship of using gadgets on behavior and social interests.
Teacher’s Efforts in Improving Reading Literacy with SI PANCA Extracurricular (Siswa Pandai Membaca) in Elementary School
Authors: Safitri Galuh , Sukartono Sukartono
Published: August 2023

Education is crucial for everyone because it emphasises the importance of reading literacy, which is a skill that everyone should possess because it can help people learn new things and gain new insights from their previous reading. The aim of this study is to find out the teacher’s efforts in improving reading literacy with the SI PANCA extracurricular (Siswa Pandai Membaca) in classroom. The method used was a qualitative method with a phenomenological design,  namely discussing the process and meaning of phenomena as the reality of the subject at Sekolah Dasar (SD) Muhammadiyah Wonorejo. Research data was collected using interviews, observation, and documentation. The points in the interview were efforts to increase reading literacy with SI PANCA, factors that influence SI PANCA, and solutions to overcome SI PANCA constraints. Points of observation included the objectives of SI PANCA, plans to improve reading literacy with SI PANCA, SI PANCA plans that help learning, and materials used in SI PANCA that can support the learning process. The results of this study indicated that the extracurricular SI PANCA programme had a great impact on teaching and learning activities because students become fluent readers and are independent readers of material that previously had to be read by the teacher, as well as an increase in reading literacy skills in students both at school and at home. In conclusion, the extracurricular SI PANCA at SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo is going well with the progress of students’ abilities.
Development of Project Based Science Learning Module to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill
Authors: Putri Yuliyanti Rahma , Triwoelandari Retno , Yono Yono
Published: August 2023

Project based learning (PjBL) is a learning model which can encourage students to be more involved in their learning and to think critically. The purpose of this study is to produce project based science learning module for grade 5 Sekolah Dasar (SD)/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) as a product of this research. This research was a Research and Development (R&D) which was utilized the 4D model. The result showed that the module validation by material experts obtain a percentage of 75%, by linguists the percentage was 83.9%, and by media experts the percentage was 85, 5% so that the module made are declared feasible to be used in the classroom. Individual trials on 5 students the result was 88%. In the small group trial of 10 students the result was 92.8% and in the large group trial of 20 students the result was 96.7%. The results of initial observations and final observations showed an increase in students’ critical thinking skills with an average difference in individual trials of 21.80000, an average difference in small group trials of 21.40000 and average difference in large group trials of 21.55000. Apart from looking at the average differences in individual trials, small group trials, and large group trials, the average difference was also found in the experimental class which was treated with the control class which was not given treatment during the large group test, which was 10.60000. In conclusion, project based science learning module is effective in improving critical thinking skills of elementary students.
Goal Oriented Evaluation Using the Delphi Method in Implementing Teaching Factory Multimedia
Authors: Nurrohmawati Lisna , Sastrawijaya Yuliatri , Sandi Efri
Published: August 2023

Contextual vocational education makes students able to link the skills acquired with their application in the real world so they will have appropriate competencies. Learning with teaching factory has a focus point, namely the application of competency-based learning patterns supported by production-based learning with link and match between vocational high schools and industry. This research was a mixed method research. This study used the goal oriented program evaluation model with Delphi method to obtain the opinion of experts to determine the standard of assessment that has been used to measure the implementation of teaching factory. The Delphi method used panelist discussions of experts from the multimedia industry and national teaching factory sources. The goal oriented evaluation model was used to measure program achievement based on the objectives of the teaching factory program applied to the Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) level. The research was conducted at SMK that hold multimedia expertise competencies in Bogor Regency. The types of research instruments used were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Validity test with Lawshe technique and reliability test using Chronbach Alpha. The research sample consisted of eleven schools with an average overall result in Bogor Regency was 82.23. Based on these values, it can be concluded that the implementation of the teaching factory in Bogor Regency is well implemented.
Uji Organoleptik Dan Mikrobiologi Classic Enzim Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)
Authors: Agustina Utari , Iskandar Hakim Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Indonesia is a rich country in sources of medicinal plants that can be easily obtained. the belimbing wuluh through the fermentation to turn the raw material into a classic enzyme. the purpose of this research are to make classic enzyme and hand sanitizer from belimbing wuluh, identify the lactic acid bacteria(BAL) from the fermentation of classic enzim belimbing wuluh, and to know the effectiveness of handsanitizer belimbing wuluh. The implementations of the research are preparation of raw materials, to make classic enzyme with anaerobic fermentation method, and laboratory analysis of organoleptic and microbiology tests. The results of the reseach are classic enzim and hand sanitizer products, the identification of lactic acid bacteria (BAL), and the effectiveness of hand sanitizer.from this research, it is known that the process of making the classic enzyme is done by fermentation for three months or 90 days with the composition 1:3:10. The results of this research are the lactic acid bacteria (BAL) is not identified. it because of pH 1,96 and the liquid has been convered into alcohol, the effectiveness of handsanitizer is quite good depend on morphology and ALT tests. The number of colonies formed on sampel after applied hand sanitizer was not found.
Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) Secara Infundasi Dan Maserasi
Authors: Emilia Ita , Andi Arif Setiawan  , Dewi Novianti  , Dian Mutiara  , Rangga Rangga
Published: August 2023

The Sungkai plant has become a trending topic lately because of its benefits, which are believed by some people to be used in preventing the transmission of the COVID-19 virus by boiling some of its leaves using water. The purpose of this research  was to examine the active ingredients contained in sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jacks) which were extracted by infundation (water solvent) and extracted by maceration (methanol solvent). The method used in this study is a qualitative chemical analysis. Phytochemical screening in this study, namely the alkaloid test (using Mayer, Wagner, and Dragendroff reagents), flavonoid test, tannin test, saponin test, steroid test, terpenoid test. Based on the results of the study, the results of the phytochemical screening of the methanol extract of sungkai leaves by maceration showed that all of the active compounds contained were positive, while the positive infundament extract contained flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, but negative alkaloids.
Korelasi Penerapan Metode Auditory Intellectuality Repetition (AIR) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran IPS
Authors: Rohmah Miftakhur , Firdiansyah Yhadi , Rahmadani Rafika , Indriani Okta
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak metode atau sistem Auditory Intellectuality Repetition (AIR) terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 03 BP Peliung . Penenlitian ini berjenis eksperimen menggunakan desain Postest Control Group Design dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 03 BP Peliung berjumlah 158 siswa, sedangkan sampelnya siswa kelas VIII-1 dan VIII-2 berjumlah 64 siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes yang dianalisis dengan uji Z. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil belajar IPS siswa menggunakan metode AIR di kelas VII SMP Negeri 03 BP Peliung sedang yaitu dari 34 peserta didik terdapat 23 orang atau 67,65% perolehan nilai kategori sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 79,09 dan standar deviasi sebesar 7 ,71. Sementara hasil belajar peserta didik IPS tanpa menggunakan metode AIR di kelas VII SMP Negeri 03 BP Peliung sedang dimana dari 30 siswa terdapat 23 siswa atau 76,67% memperoleh nilai kategori sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 67,90 dan standar deviasi 7,70 . Hasil pnelitian juga menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh metode Auditory Intellectuality Repetition (AIR) terhadap hasil belajar IPS peserta didik kelas VII SMP Negeri 03 BP Peliung.
VARIASI BAHASA PADA CHANNEL YOUTUBE KRISTIAN B. HANSEN HIDUP 7 HARI BERSAMA SUKU DAYAK IBAN DI SUNGAI UTIK (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK)
Authors: Hadi Saputro Asda , Fitriani Yessi , Hetilaniar Hetilaniar
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was conducted to reveal language variations in terms of speakers used in everyday life, identify language variations used in social interactions, and identify language variations in reflecting the culture of the Iban Dayak tribe in Sungai Utik. The research method uses data collection techniques using documentation techniques and the data used is content analysis. The result of this research is that there are variations in the forms of dialect, idiolect, and sociolect. There were 9 dialect variations, 13 idiolect variations, and 8 sociolect variations that were observed. Then there is a social function in social interaction that reflects culture in Kristian's YouTube video channel b. Hansen lived 7 days with the Iban Dayak tribe on the Utik River.
Keyword: Dayak Iban Language Variations, Sociolinguistics and Social Interaction