bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych a nieopłacenie składki na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne
Authors: Trzeszczoń Dominika
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem badań i analiz jest naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych, o którym stanowi art. 14 pkt 2 ustawy z dnia 17 grudnia 2004 r. o odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych, a polegające na nieopłaceniu składki na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne. W pierwszej kolejności w opracowaniu - w oparciu o poglądy wyrażone w literaturze przedmiotu - przytoczono różne ujęcia pojęcie „dyscypliny finansów publicznych” oraz „naruszenia dyscypliny finansów publicznych”, które ze względu na różnice interpretacyjne mogą stanowić źródło wielowątkowych rozważań. W kolejnych rozdziałach skupiono się na omówieniu charakteru prawnego składki na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne, co było istotne z punktu widzenia oceny znamion przedmiotowych ujętych w ww. przepisie. Zbadano także zakres podmiotowy odpowiedzialności za omawiane naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych., zwracając szczególną uwagę na praktyczne kwestie związane z egzekwowaniem odpowiedzialność za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych. Celem opracowania jest zatem ocena obowiązujących w tytułowym zakresie rozwiązań prawnych i ukazanie ewentualnych obszarów budzących wątpliwości interpretacyjne.
Na potrzeby podjętych badań wykorzystano przede wszystkim dogmatycznoprawną oraz analityczną metodę badawczą. Analizą objęto akty prawne oraz orzecznictwo. Dokonano także oceny poglądów literatury przedmiotu, w szczególności uwzględniono dorobek polskiej doktryny prawa finansowego. Wyniki prowadzonych badań dają możliwość udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytania: czy zakres podmiotowy oraz zakres przedmiotowy odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych jest spójny systemowo z rozwiązaniami innych ustaw. Dalej zaś, czy wprowadzone mechanizmy finansowoprawne są wystraczające do tego, by minimalizować zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa w finansach publicznych w obszarze ochrony zdrowia. Za ważne uznano w szczególności ustalenie w jaki sposób terminowe i w odpowiedniej wysokości opłacenie składek na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne przez obowiązane podmioty, wpływa na stan finansów państwa. 
W doktrynie i literaturze przedmiotu brakuje pogłębionych badań nad finansowoprawnymi zagadnieniami związanymi z naruszeniem dyscypliny finansów publicznych w przedmiocie nieopłacenia (zaniechanie) lub opłacenia w kwocie niższej nich wynika to z prawidłowego obliczenia (działanie) składki na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne. Dlatego za istotne i stanowiące wkład w rozwój nauki uznano badania dotyczące ww. naruszenia i jego odniesienia do systemu opieki zdrowia w Polsce.
Перебіг антиалкогольної кампанії в Києві в період Першої світової війни (1914 – 1917 рр.)
Authors: Герасимов Тимофій , Романюк Іван
Published: December 2023

The article examines the impact of the tsarist government's anti-alcohol campaign on the everyday life of Kyiv residents in 1914-1917. The author highlights some positive effects of the fight against drunkenness in the first months of the war, related to a decrease in crime and the number of suicides. The phenomena that testified to the opposite effect of the ban on the sale of alcohol, namely, an increase in the volume of secret production and sale of vodka, the preparation and consumption of surrogate drinks dangerous to health, and abuses in the pharmacy sector, are considered.
Gender at Workplace: A Study of Challenges and Pressures Faced by Journalists
Authors: Arshad Hifsa , Batool Sumera
Published: December 2023

Public discourse is shaped by the media, which in turn affects political, cultural, and economic objectives. It also establishes how men and women play different roles in society. The researcher wants to explore the status of both genders in media organizations and discuss the professional and financial hindrances they have faced. Gender roles and gender-based ideas have an impact on both male and female assertiveness, as the attention and appraisal they receive based on their performance, their capacity for influence, and their inclination to become leaders. For example, males are expected to always be the household breadwinners, while females are expected to care for their husbands and children at home. Whether we're discussing gender, race, or colour doesn't matter. As with any stereotype, hinders men, and women from speaking to each other effectively. They may even incite conflict and strife, which lowers productivity and business morale.
Influence of Smartphones on Childhood Trauma (Behavior): A Narrative Analysis of Secondary School at Karachi
Authors: Karim Naseem Abdul , Mumtaz Sadia , Naeem Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of smartphones on childhood trauma, particularly in the behavior of secondary school students in Karachi. The study used a qualitative approach and a sample size of ten (10) respondents, collected through snowball sampling. The data was gathered through structured interviews and analyzed using narrative and thematic analysis. The results indicated that excessive use of smartphones has negative effects on child behavior, including family and friend relationships, passions, and self-esteem. Moreover, the disproportionate smartphone use leads to reduced facial interaction, and increased loneliness, depression, stress, and anxiety among children. Children may also become disinterested in other activities due to the ease of accessing anything from anywhere through smartphones. The study recommends that parents monitor their children's social media use, be aware of the websites and games they visit, and encourage a balanced use of smartphones.
Deconstructing the Socialization of Female Child in Filter's Child Labor in America
Authors: Raza Faiza Ali , Riaz Nailah
Published: December 2023

The significant child rights cases, socializing and dissecting child labor. We need historical, sociological, and legal research on the causes of child labor. The thesis uses legal, sociological, and critical theory to examine how power, economics, culture, and law contribute to and sustain child labor. The deconstructive approach looks into the social, cultural, and economic causes of child labor. Child work socialization is impacted by gender, money, education, and culture. It examines how power functions in social and financial systems, corporations, networks, and families. This study looks at texts, ideas, and conversations that elevate kids' creativity regardless of morality while standardizing and promoting their art. This abstract demonstrates how current laws don't work to prevent the socialization of child labor. This study suggests fostering young children's socialization by addressing ingrained structural and social inequalities. We must challenge traditions, spread knowledge, and strengthen communities if we are to stop child labor and create lasting solutions.
Analyzing the Impact of Socio-Cultural Status on Critical Thinking among University Students
Authors: Zehra Amber , Lashari Ajab ali , Naz Afshan
Published: December 2023

Imparting the skills of the 21st century in students is the most important task of all academicians. Critical thinking is an integral skill that plays a major role in students' skill development. (Alessandra, et al. 2020). This study aims to predict the Impact of Sociocultural Status on Critical Thinking among University Students in Karachi. Literature reported that the concept of Critical thinking was never addressed from the perspective of socio-culture (Maulana & Putra, 2022) at the tertiary level in progressing countries like Pakistan. This study will be carried on by employing Mix Methodology (Quantitative and Qualitative) paradigm. Sampling was drawn through a purposive Sampling technique Based on 20 students 10 students each from Either institution. The number of respondents for the quantitative paradigm of the study was 80 to collect data. A set of Activities and tasks were designed for measuring the Critical Thinking of Students. Findings suggested a significant difference in CT ability between the Public and private sector students. The study suggests more research on Curriculum mapping.
Narratives on the Digital Leadership Practices in Pakistan- Issues, Challenges, Opportunities, Needs and Constraints in the Changing Paradigm through the Lens of Marginalized Community Members
Authors: Noorani Zainab , Lashari Ajab Ali
Published: December 2023

The research paper aims to identify the challenges, issues, needs, and constraints faced by digital leaders of marginalized community members. The study's overall strategy is based on a phenomenological case study research design. The methodology of this research paper is qualitative, and through criterion sampling, the data was collected from the school working for physically disabled children. The total sample size is fifteen, consisting of senior students and teachers. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with physically challenged students and teachers. It was derived that students need to be educated about digital literacy. The world is going towards digitalization, so students must know how to use gadgets, apps, etc. The teachers face challenges as they teach visually impaired and deaf children. The students concluded that they want inclusivity in society, providing them opportunities by providing various workplace and societal facilities. The teachers suggested that opportunities must be provided to students at the state level so that they can be considered valuable members of society.
Fitspiration on Facebook: Physical, Social and Psychological Implications of Pakistani Female Students
Authors: Nasir Tahreem , Saleem Noshina
Published: December 2023

Fitspiration is a current online craze that aims to inspire Pakistani female students to eat well, stay confident and exercise. The objective of the study was to investigate the phycological (disordered eating), social (body shame) and physical (exercise behavior) implications among Pakistani female students who consume fitspiration content on Facebook. Fitspiration content on Facebook is the independent variable whereas the social, physical and psychological aspects of Pakistani female students are the dependent variables. The study was exploratory in nature and quantitative approach was applied. Convenience sampling technique was applied and the data was collected from 600 Pakistani female university students from 3 public and 3 private universities of Lahore to cater the quantitative part. Social comparison theory was applied in this study. A survey questionnaire was developed to collect data from the respondents. The current study employed partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The empirical findings indicated that exposure to fitspiration content on Facebook have a significant impact on exercise behavior, body shame and disordered eating of Pakistani female university students.
Narratives Stereotypical Roles and their Counter-Narrative: A Feminist Analysis of the Verdict by Osman Haneef
Authors: Bhatti Muzaffar Qadir , Abbas Faheem , Rafique Maryam
Published: December 2023

This paper explores Haneef's novel "The Verdict" (2021), aiming to unveil the stereotypical roles of genders and their counter-narratives in the context of feminism through a qualitative analysis of textual lines. On the one hand, some characters conform to their socially constructed roles, while on the other hand, some characters seem averse to conventional gender roles and nature. Moreover, both kinds of characters depict the lifestyle of two different factions of society. Stereotypical characters are the conventional representation of patriarchy, where women are marginalized, objectified, and oppressed by men. Men are shown as rational, cruel, and oppressors. Characters crafted in the counter-narrative are independent, break stereotypes, and bring the feminist version, introducing us to independent women with significant societal roles. Men are shown as protectors, partners, kind, polite, and loving. By contrasting the two kinds of characters, this paper tries to reveal the changing trend from stereotypical roles to modern roles in the light of feminism.
Exploring the Multidimensional Relationship between Second Language Acquisition and Personality Development among Adolescents: An Empirical Inquiry Utilizing a Mixed-Methods Research Paradigm
Authors: Abbas Saira , Atta Aqsa
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a study that explores the dynamic connection between second language acquisition (SLA) and personality development in the context of adolescent learners. The research integrates Albert Bandura's SocioCognitive Theory (1986) and the Big Five Inventory frameworks to examine various correlated factors. The study consists of two distinct investigations. Drawing upon the theoretical framework proposed by Albert Bandura's Socio-CognitiveTheory (1986), the first analysis delves into the social factors that influence the process of SLA among adolescents. The second study employs a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional research design. A sample of 300 participants was selected using a sampling technique employed by the investigator. In the quantitative analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the SPSS software. The findings of the Pearson Moment correlation (= .311, P < 0.01) reveal a positive relationship between SLA (M= 79.72, SD= 10.620) and the personality trait of Extroversion (M=110.54, SD= .16.640). In summary, the present research sheds light on the influence of SLA on the development of extroverted personality traits in adolescents. Furthermore, this study provides a framework for future researchers to investigate the multidimensional relationship between second language acquisition and personality development.
Review of the targeting accuracy of frameless and frame-based robot-assisted deep brain stimulation electrode implantation in pediatric patients using the Neurolocate module
Authors: David Raenette , Scala Maria Rosaria , Ellenbogen Jonathan
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

The Neurolocate module is a 3D frameless patient registration module that is designed for use with the Neuromate stereotactic robot. Long-term electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) via deep brain electrode implantation is particularly successful in a select group of movement disorders in pediatric patients. This study aimed to review the targeting accuracy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode implantation in a single center, comparing standard frame-based techniques to the frameless Neurolocate module.

METHODS

Twenty-four pediatric patients underwent implantation of bilateral DBS electrodes under general anesthesia during the period of August 2018–August 2022. All patients underwent robot-assisted stereotactic implantation of DBS electrodes using an intraoperative O-arm 3D scanner to confirm the final electrode position. These coordinates were compared with the planned entry and target, with attention to depth, radial, directional, and absolute errors, in addition to Euclidean distance (ED). The primary outcome evaluated the accuracy and safety of the Neurolocate frameless technology compared with standard frame-based techniques.

RESULTS

Of the 24 bilateral DBS electrode implantations performed, 62.5% used Neurolocate technology: 87.5% were delivered to the GPi and the remaining 12.5% to the STN. The mean patient age was 11.0 (range 4–18) years and 70.8% were male. The median absolute errors in x-, y-, and z-axes were 0.35, 0.75, and 0.9 mm, respectively, using the Neurolocate module compared with 0.30, 0.95, and 1.1 mm using the standard frame-based technique. The median ED from the planned target to the actual electrode position with the Neurolocate module was 1.28 mm versus 1.69 mm using standard frame-based techniques. No major perioperative complications occurred.

CONCLUSIONS

Stereotactic robot-assisted DBS implantation with the frameless Neurolocate module is safe for use in the pediatric population, showing good surgical accuracy and no inferiority to standard frame-based techniques. The Neurolocate module for robotic DBS surgery has the potential to improve surgical targeting accuracy, surgical time, patient comfort, and safety.
Association between severity of the cervical foraminal stenosis and paraspinal muscle parameters in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Caffard Thomas , Arzani Artine , Verna Bruno , Tripathi Vidushi , Medina Samuel J. , Schönnagel Lukas , Chiapparelli Erika , Tani Soji , Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Guven Ali E. , Amoroso Krizia , Zhu Jiaqi , Tan Ek Tsoon , Carrino John A. , Awan Malik Hassan , Zippelius Timo , Shue Jennifer , Dalton David M. , Sama Andrew A. , Girardi Federico P. , Cammisa Frank P. , Hughes Alexander P.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

The cervical multifidus and rotatores muscles are innervated by the posterior rami of the spinal nerves of the corresponding level, and it has been hypothesized that cervical foraminal stenosis (CFS) affecting the spinal nerves results in changes in these muscles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the severity of CFS and fat infiltration (FI) of the multifidus and rotatores muscles.

METHODS

Patients who received preoperative cervical MRI, underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion between 2015 and 2018, and met inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Multifidus and rotatores muscles were segmented bilaterally from C3 to C7, and the percent FI was measured using custom-written MATLAB software. The severity of the CFS was assessed by the Kim classification. Multivariable linear mixed models were conducted and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and repeated measures.

RESULTS

In total, 149 patients were included. Linear mixed modeling results showed that a more severe CFS at C3–4 was correlated with a greater FI of the multifidus and rotatores muscles at C4 (estimate 0.034, 95% CI 0.003–0.064; p = 0.031), a more severe CFS at C4–5 was correlated with a greater FI of the multifidus and rotatores muscles at C5 (estimate 0.037, 95% CI 0.015–0.057; p < 0.001), a more severe CFS at C5–6 was correlated with a greater FI of the multifidus and rotatores muscles at C6 (estimate 0.041, 95% CI 0.019–0.062; p < 0.001) and C7 (estimate 0.035, 95% CI 0.012–0.058; p = 0.003), and a more severe CFS at C6–7 was correlated with a greater FI of the multifidus and rotatores muscles at C7 (estimate 0.049, 95% CI 0.027–0.071; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

These results demonstrated level- and side-specific correlations between the FI of the multifidus and rotatores muscles and severity of CFS. Given the segmental innervation of the multifidus and rotatores muscles, the authors hypothesize that the observed increased FI could be reflective of changes due to muscle denervation from CFS.
Deputy Headteachers’ Experiences of their Functions for National Curriculum Implementation: A Case Study of Eswatini
Authors: Mogashoa Tebogo
Published: December 2023

The paper investigated the primary school deputy headteachers’ experiences of their functions in the implementation of the National Curriculum. The researcher used a qualitative research approach. A case study research design was employed. The instruments used to collect data were semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and document analysis. The population consisted of only deputy headteachers. Ten participants were purposively sampled from ten (10) schools. All participants were selected on the basis of being deputy headteachers. By guaranteeing anonymity, voluntary involvement, informed consent, and confidentiality, ethical principles were upheld. The acquired data were analysed using a thematic approach. The study found that the assumed roles of Deputy Headteachers were far less demanding than when they were junior teachers. The research also revealed that Deputy Headteachers had comprehensive and divert functions, which included supporting and empowering stakeholders, working with different groups at different levels and supervising daily functions within the school.
Ancient Science of India 11: Sage Paraasara: The Father of Ud-vriddha Vigyaana (Botany)- A Conglomerated Review
Authors: Padhy Sachidananda
Published: December 2023

A symposium was held in the Himalayas during 700 BC, to discuss the theme of Aayurveda (Life Science) and medicinal quality of plants. Sage Paraasara, an eminent plant scientist of Bharatvarsa, projected the concept on Origin of Life, Plant Cell Structure and vast knowledge of Ud-vriddha Vigyana (Botany) in that conference.
Role of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Correlation with Disease Activity.
Authors: Al-Hassan Ahmed A. H.
Published: December 2023

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation with subsequent cartilage and bone destruction. Cytokines are  key mediators of inflammation and can be found in abundance both in the joint and blood of patients. This study was designed to evaluate the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in pathogenesis of RA, as well as study the correlation among these cytokines.Patients and methods: Forty patients with RA and thirty age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. Serum cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α) were significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy controls (p<0.01, p<0.05). Moreover, these levels were significantly increased in active RA patients than in inactive RA (p<0.01, p<0.05). On the other hand, the serum levels of IFN-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) showed no significant differences between RA patients and healthy controls and neither between active RA patients and inactive RA (p>0.05). Interestingly strong positive correlation was found among each of (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α), p<0.05.While strong negative correlation was noticed between IL-6 and (IL4 and IL-0) and also between TNF-α and (IL4 and IL-0), p<0.05.Conclusion: The current study suggests that serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α) may play an important role in RA and may be used as a marker of disease activity. Moreover imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may yield effective therapeutic targets in this inflammatory disease.
Editorial: Special Issue in Honour of Diane Larsen-Freeman’s Contributions to Language Teaching and Second Language Development
Authors: Wen Zhisheng (Edward) , Mohebbi Hassan
Published: December 2023

We are pleased to announce the latest edition of this special issue of LTRQ in honour of Professor Diane Larsen-Freeman to celebrate her landmark achievements and enormous influence in language teaching, language learning, second language development, and teacher education. As the major papers we assembled in this special issue have provided a comprehensive review of Diane’s celebratory career as a language teacher, researcher, book author, journal and book editor, and teacher educator, in this editorial, we will just briefly discuss and summarize the different sections of papers that are targeting the major themes of areas where Diane’s long-lasting influence has been felt.
Exploring Research by Diane Larsen-Freeman: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Sönmez Görsev , Yıldız Abdullah , Aydın Selami
Published: December 2023

There is a strong need to understand Diane Larsen-Freeman’s main research interests and to investigate the theories and thesis she put forth. Moreover, it seems necessary to examine her contribution to applied linguistics and understand the claims and criticisms she has made throughout her career. This study aims to present an analysis of her studies within the scope of research trends, themes, topics, documents, and sources. Within the scope of the retrospective scientometric approach, 56 research papers from the Web of Science (WOS) database were analyzed. The results showed that Larsen-Freeman published her studies in the time span between 1987 and 2022. The most productive years can be considered in two periods, namely the years between 2006 - 2012 and 2015 - 2020. It was also concluded that the most relevant sources were published in reputational journals in the field of Applied Linguistics. The last conclusion was that Larsen-Freeman who has a high value of h index is an influential scholar in the field of Applied Linguistics, mainly focused on chaos/complexity science, complexity, second language acquisition, complex adaptive system, fluency, accuracy, and language emergence.
Diane Larsen-Freeman: Seven Personal Vignettes of the Person and the Scholar
Authors: Atkinson Dwight
Published: December 2023

This personal account narrates seven instances in which the author encountered Diane Larsen-Freeman as a person and scholar, and how those two identities are integrated in her work. As in many scholarly lives, these meetings were virtual (through the medium of print), vicarious (observations from a distance during conferences and summer institutes), and face-to-face. The common thread running through all these experiences has been Diane's generosity, wisdom, and positive power as a human being, and how her scholarship has been permeated by that humanity.
Learning from Diane: Her Achievements and Profound Influence on Researchers and Language Teachers in China
Authors: Ji Xiaoting
Published: December 2023

Professor Diane Larsen-Freeman has been an enduring and highly influential contributor to the field of applied linguistics, English language teaching, in general, and especially grammar teaching. She has inspired many thousands of language teachers, student-teachers and academicians in applied linguistics. Her research in Second Language Acquisition and her later research interest in introducing complex systems to the field of applied linguistics has had a great impact on research in applied linguistics. The book she co-authored with Cameron put a completely different perspective on language and language studies. Her book on teaching approaches also attracted thousands of readers who specialize in language teaching. The video made on different teaching methods covered in the book is also a good demonstration helping learners identify the features of different methods. What’s more, her coinage of the word “grammaring” and the concept of form-meaning-use she advocated in the book series Grammar Dimensions has shed light on people’s understanding of grammar and grammar teaching, thus transforming the way of teaching grammar. Her numerous publications of influential books and papers have great impact on researchers and language teachers in China.
Genealogy of Novice Teachers’ Beliefs about Pronunciation Instruction: A Complex Systems Approach
Authors: Tajeddin Zia , Norouzi Monireh
Published: December 2023

There is a substantial body of studies investigating teachers’ beliefs about pronunciation. However, this line of research has rarely examined teachers’ beliefs as a complex system. To fill this gap, the present study aims to shed light on the genealogy of teachers’ beliefs about pronunciation instruction from the perspective of complexity theory. To this end, two EFL teachers who taught English at a private institute were asked to participate in this study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and narratives. The findings indicated that the teachers recognized the importance of pronunciation instruction for improving students’ listening skills and knowledge of vocabulary and manifested aspiration for native-like pronunciation. However, their lack of self-confidence and insufficient pronunciation pedagogical knowledge base were reported to be major challenges of pronunciation instruction, which they attributed to teacher training courses among other factors. In addition, teachers’ beliefs about pronunciation, learners, learning pronunciation, teaching pronunciation, teachers, and curriculum were shown to co-exist and interact in a nonlinear manner, suggesting the complex, dynamic, co-adapted, and contextual-driven nature of teachers’ belief systems. In light of these findings, teacher education programs are advised to help teachers reappraise their preference for native speakerism and give pronunciation more prominence by introducing a wide range of strategies for teaching it.
Reconciling the Divides: A Dynamic Integrative Analysis of Variability and Commonality in (Pre)primary School English Development in Switzerland
Authors: Pfenninger Simone E. , Wirtz Mason A.
Published: December 2023

The main goal of this paper is to suggest a combination of data analyses – notably generalized additive models, time-series clustering methodology, visual methods for significance testing and qualitative analyses – that relate to Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST). To this end, we report on findings from a larger project conducted in a bilingual (pre)primary school in Switzerland, aiming to elucidate the complex ways that L2 English development emerges over time in 45 children who received German/English bilingual instruction over a period of eight years (age 5-12) in combination with emerging extracurricular exposure to English. The results reveal that increased extracurricular activities in English are particularly noticeable during periods of rapid development, but the effects seem temporally limited to the end stages of testing and strongly hinge on the cluster in question (i.e., learners with trajectorial similarities). We relate the findings to the “authenticity gap” between English inside and outside of school, as clusters who perceive a discrepancy between in- and out-of-school encounters with English also show rapid development that is characterized by increased English exposure during extracurricular activities. Methodological implications of adopting non-linear models, which can model complex dynamic relationships in order to better reconcile generalizability, variability, and individuality, are discussed.
Larsen-Freeman’s Writings in Teacher-Preparation Grammar Courses: Indispensable Resources for all Levels
Authors: Spinner Patti
Published: December 2023

Diane Larsen-Freeman’s work plays a crucial role in teacher preparation for second and foreign language instructors. Her work is useful with a variety of populations, including preservice teachers preparing to work with English language learners in elementary and secondary education; graduate students preparing to work in public or private language institutions; students with teaching experience who are preparing to direct teacher training, and others. In particular, her work on “grammaring” continues to be an essential basis for determining which activities are the most beneficial for learner language development. A major strength in Dr. Larsen-Freeman’s work is her ability to bridge the gap between theory and practice, to connect to language instructors in a clear, practical way that also gets at the heart of our best understanding of how language learning takes place. In this article, I outline the various ways my courses incorporate Dr. Larsen-Freeman’s work, with examples of particular activities that are inspired by her articles, The Grammar Book, and Grammar Dimensions, the textbook series she directs.
Optimizing Chest Trauma Management: Strategies and Guidelines
Authors: Dogjani Agron , Haxhirexha Kastriot , Gjata Arben , Subashi Kastriot
Published: December 2023

Introduction; Chest trauma, resulting from both blunt and penetrating mechanisms, poses a significant health threat, and its management demands precise strategies and adherence to established guidelines. This presentation introduces a comprehensive presentation on optimizing chest trauma management, delving into essential strategies and guidelines for healthcare professionals.

The presentation begins by outlining the various types and mechanisms of chest trauma, such as blunt and penetrating injuries, with a focus on their significance and prevalence in healthcare settings.

Subsequently, the initial assessment of chest trauma patients takes center stage. This involves a primary survey encompassing airway assessment and management, breathing assessment and intervention, circulation assessment and resuscitation, disability assessment, and environmental control. It continues with a secondary survey, including history-taking and a detailed physical examination, accompanied by diagnostic modalities like chest X-rays, computed tomography scans, ultrasound, and arterial blood gas analysis.

The presentation then proceeds to address specific chest trauma injuries, including rib fractures, flail chest, pneumothorax, hemothorax, cardiac injuries, pulmonary contusion, and tracheobronchial injuries. The various management approaches are discussed, ranging from pain management, oxygen therapy, chest tube placement, surgical interventions, cardiac tamponade management, to controlling massive hemorrhage.

Additionally, it highlights complications and outcomes related to chest trauma, including long-term effects, rehabilitation, and follow-up. The critical role of prevention, pre-hospital care, and guidelines and protocols such as Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and those from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) are emphasized.

Real-life case studies are presented to provide practical insights into chest trauma management, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

In conclusion, the abstract emphasizes the significance of early recognition, appropriate management, and continuous education and training in chest trauma cases to optimize patient outcomes.

This presentation offers a holistic perspective on chest trauma management and equips healthcare professionals with the knowledge and tools to enhance the care provided to patients with chest trauma.
Analisa Waktu Optimasi Perawatan Mesin CNC Milling dengan Pendekatan Value Stream Mapping Serta Perbaikan dengan Failur Mode and Effect Analysis pada Mesin CNC Milling
Authors: Hidayat Ade Riyan
Published: December 2023

Dalam industri manufaktur modern, mesin CNC (Computer Numerical Control) memainkan peran penting dalam proses produksi yang efisien dan akurat. Pemeliharaan adalah aspek penting untuk memastikan kinerja optimal dan masa pakai mesin CNC. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan waktu pemeliharaan untuk mesin penggilingan CNC dengan menggunakan pendekatan pemetaan aliran nilai dan analisis mode dan efek kegagalan (FMEA) untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi. Studi ini menggunakan observasi dan tinjauan literatur sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Desain penelitian mengikuti pendekatan sistematis, termasuk analisis mode dan efek kegagalan (FMEA), analisis pohon logika keandalan (LTA), dan pemilihan tugas berdasarkan pemeliharaan berpusat pada keandalan (RCM). FMEA mengidentifikasi komponen-komponen kritis dengan Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) tinggi seperti pisau cakram dan baut. LTA mengategorikan 55% komponen sebagai masalah gangguan, yang dapat menyebabkan kegagalan dalam sistem secara keseluruhan atau sebagian. Tindakan pemeliharaan yang diusulkan termasuk pemeliharaan yang diarahkan kondisi (CD) untuk komponen-komponen tertentu guna mendeteksi tanda-tanda kegagalan secara dini. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis potensi kegagalan dalam sistem produksi mesin penggilingan CNC dan mengusulkan metode pemeliharaan baru untuk meningkatkan keandalan dan ketersediaan.
Optimasi Kekerasan dan Ketahanan Impact Baja VCN 150 dengan Variasi Tempering untuk Aplikasi Poros Track Roller Bearing pada Mesin Pembelah Bambu
Authors: Krisnaputra Radhian , Satiti Nareswari Novita , Irawati Inggar Septhia , Hendaryanto Ignatius Aris , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Bahari Galuh
Published: December 2023

Penggunaan mesin pembelah bambu dalam produksi bambu laminasi adalah untuk mengubah batang bambu menjadi bilah-bilah bambu. Pada mesin pembelah bambu di Rosse Bambu Yogyakarta terjadi kerusakan komponen yaitu patahnya poros track roller bearing. Poros mengalami mekanisme patah getas yang disebabkan oleh ketidaksesuaian pemilihan material. Diketahui bahwa poros yang patah terbuat dari baja karbon tinggi AISI 1080 yang telah melalui proses quenching. Poros track roller bearing dari mesin pembelah bambu diharapkan memiliki ketahanan impact yang tinggi namun juga harus memiliki nilai kekerasan yang sesuai dengan standar nilai kekerasan poros. Dengan memilih material substitusi yang ideal untuk poros dan mengidentifikasi proses perlakuan panas yang tepat untuk mendapatkan sifat material yang diinginkan, proses yang efektif dapat diketahui untuk meningkatkan masa pakai poros track roller bearing dan mengurangi potensi terjadinya kegagalan serupa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui temperatur tempering optimum yang dapat dilakukan terhadap baja VCN 150 sebagai material substitusi poros track roller bearing pada mesin pembelah bambu. Pada penelitian ini proses perlakuan panas dilakukan dengan memanaskan spesimen uji pada temperatur 850°C dalam tungku selama 1 jam kemudian dilanjutkan dengan quenching dengan media oli. Setelah quenching, dilakukan tempering pada temperatur 200°C, 300°C, dan 400°C selama 1 jam kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pendinginan di udara bebas. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi uji struktur mikro, uji kekerasan Vickers, uji impact Charpy, dan analisis fraktografi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope pada permukaan patahan hasil uji impact. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa spesimen yang melalui proses tempering pada temperatur 400°C memberikan hasil optimum dengan nilai kekerasan sebesar 359,92 HV dan harga impact sebesar 1,37 J/mm².
Pengaruh Jenis Oli Pelumas terhadap Laju Keausan pada Kontak Dua Jenis Material
Authors: Londa Petrus , Mulyana Deni , Widiatmoko Rudy Y. , Bintoro Waluyo M. , Hore Duran
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengevaluasi kualitas oli pelumas sepeda motor dalam mengatasi gesekan dan keausan yang terjadi. Banyak merek dagang oli pelumas yang ada di pasaran dengan berbagai standard seperti SAE, JASO dan API yang bertujuan untuk melumasi bagian dalam mesin sepeda motor. Oleh sebab itu mengetahui kualitas oli pelumas yang digunakan adalah hal yang sangat penting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pin-on ring tribo tester. Efek dari pelumasan dan jumlah beban yang diberikan menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini. Material yang digunakan dalam pengujian adalah aluminium sebagai bahan pin dan besi cor digunakan sebagai bahan ring. Sedangkan oli pelumas dari SAE10W40, SAE20W50 untuk gesekan tinggi dan SAE10W30, SAE20W40 untuk gesekan rendah. Prosedur pengujian dikondisikan pada constant load dan increment load dalam durasi waktu 120 menit. Hasil dari tribological test ini dibandingkan dengan stribeck curve dan keausan pin serta koefisien gesek ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik.

 
Kata kunci: keausan; pelumas; sepeda motor; standard oli; tribo tester.
Analisis Pengaruh Perekat Campuran SikaHyflex-Epoksi terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Geser pada Single Lap Joint Aluminium 5083 - Komposit Cocofiber
Authors: Hastuti Sri , Salahudin Xander , Azhari Fadlan , Mahdi Jausyan Al , Afandi Ridwan , Ardika Rizki Dwi
Published: December 2023

Kendaran transportasi dituntut dengan spesifikasi produk yang ringan, kuat, dan ramah terhadap lingkungan, sehingga dapat mengurangi konsumsi energi dan emisi CO2. Inovasi pada konstruksi sambungan tanpa proses permesinan menjadi terobosan baru dalam proses penyambungan beda material seperti aluminium-komposit. Material adherend komposit digunakan jenis penguat serat alam cocofiber yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan dan material aluminium memiliki sifat tahan korosi yang baik dan bobot ringan, sehingga cocok untuk digunakan pada panel dinding transportasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan perekat campuran sikahyflex (SF) - epoksi (EP) terhadap kekuatan tarik geser pada sambungan material aluminium 5083–komposit cocofiber. Selain itu, penelitian ini sebagai inovasi baru dan pengembangan penggunaan material perekat campuran dan material adherend yang tahan korosi dan ramah lingkungan dengan penggunaan komposit serat alam cocofiber. Manfaat penelitian ini secara langsung dapat meningkatkan penggunaan dan nilai ekonomis cocofiber yang murah. Selain itu, dapat menghasilkan material maju yang kuat, murah, ringan, dan tahan terhadap lingkungan. Material perekat menggunakan variasi perekat campuran 10% SF : 90% EP, 20% SF : 80% EP, 30% SF : 70% EP, dan 40% SF : 60% EP dengan ketebalan perekat 0,2 mm. Material adherend menggunakan aluminium 5083 dan komposit cocofiber dengan perlakuan kekasaran sandpapering grade #60, #80, dan #150. Komposit cocofiber dibuat mengacu pada standar ASTM D790 dan sambungan SLJ mengacu pada standar ASTM D1002. Hasil pengujian tarik geser pada SLJ terjadi peningkatan dengan penambahan perekat sikahyflex dan perlakuan kekasaran sandpapering grade #150 . Kekuatan tarik geser tertinggi pada variasi 40% SF : 60% EP sebesar 2,42 MPa. Peningkatan grade sandpapering menurunkan surface roughness yang membentuk pola irregularities pada permukaan adherend, sehingga meningkatakan mechanical interlocking adherend dengan perekat campuran. Mode kegagalan terjadi adhesive dan thin layer cohesive failure mode. Pengamatan scanning electron microscope menunjukkan terjadinya void menyebabkan cracking adhesive dan terlepasnya fiber yang menempel pada perekat campuran.
Analisis Sifat Korosi Hasil Cor terhadap Temperatur Pembuatan Propeller Perahu Menggunakan Metode Sand Casting
Authors: Islami Lazuardi Akmal , Fathurrahman Nur M , Sulaiman Zaid
Published: December 2023

Propeller sebagai bagian penting pada kapal yang berguna untuk menggerakkan kapal. Propeller dapat diproses dari bahan aluminium melalui metode pengecoran. Pengecoran yang digunakan di industri rumahan biasa menggunakan aluminium bekas sebagai bahan baku. Manfaat dari re-casting sendiri adalah limbah-limbah aluminium dapat didaur kembali menjadi produk yang lain. Sayangnya re-casting ini malah dapat meningkatkan porositas dan mengurangi kekuatan serta kekerasan. Selain itu dalam pengecoran aluminium bekas juga susah untuk mengontrol komposisi kimia yang diinginkan karena tidak diketahui jenis aluminium yang dijadikan sebagai bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur cor terhadap ketahan korosi dari propeller yang telah dibuat. Propeller dicor dengan dengan bahan aluminim bekas dan menggunakan cetakan pasir dengan variasi suhu penuangan 400°C, 500°C dan 550°C. Metode karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah uji komposisi kimia, pengamatan mikrostruktur, dan uji korosi (polarisasi potensiodinamik). Hasil dari pengujian komposisi kimia (spectrometer) bahwa unsur yang terkandung yaitu jenis paduan Al-Si dengan persentase sebesar Al 92,92%, kemudian Si 3,84%. Hasil pengamatan mikrostruktur didapatkan temperatur 550°C menghasilkan nilai porositas terkecil dengan rata-rata 7,17 𝜇m. Semakin meningkat temperatur tuang didapatkan arus korosi (Icorr) semakin kecil yaitu mencapai 0,42 µA/cm2. Apabila semakin rendah nilai laju korosi, semakin meningkat ketahanan korosinya. Sehingga semakin kecil ukuran poros maka ketahan korosinya meningkat.
Unjukkerja Panel Surya Tipe Terapung untuk Pembangkit Listrik
Authors: Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Prasetiyo Budhi , Wahyono Wahyono , Apriandi Nanang , Marliyati Marliyati , Sutanto Bayu
Published: December 2023

Penerapan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) membutuhkan lahan/daratan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis, padahal Indonesia merupakan negara tropis yang memiliki potensi energi surya dan negara kepulauan dengan luas sebesar 2/3 berupa perairan dan danau di daratan yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk pembangkit energi surya. Pemanfaatan PLTS terapung tidak memerlukan lahan/daratan, dapat mengurangi evaporasi, serta sebagai media pendingin modul PV untuk meningkatkan efisiensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang sistem PLTS pada kolam budidaya dengan memanfaatkan sumber energi surya. Penelitian dimulai dengan mengukur potensi energi matahari selanjutnya perancangan dan pemilihan komponen yang memiliki kapasitas sesuai. Setelah melakukan beberapa pengamatan di daerah tersebut, PLTS yang cocok digunakan untuk menghidupkan aerator adalah PLTS off grid. PLTS 200 Wp mampu untuk menghidupkan aerator 120 W selama 12 jam pada siang hari dan aerator 100 W selama 8 jam pada malam hari. Pada kondisi pengosongan baterai, tegangan output panel rata-rata sebesar 12,89 V dan arus rata-rata sebesar 6,2 A dan pada kondisi pengisian baterai, tegangan output panel rata-rata sebesar 12,39 V dan arus rata-rata sebesar 6,6 A. Efisiensi sistem tertinggi pada kondisi pengosongan baterai sebesar 99%. Hal ini dikarenakan pada sore hari radiasi matahari rendah sehingga arus yang dihasilkan panel surya rendah dan mendapatkan supply dari baterai.
Variasi Frekuensi pada Electric Rotary Table Berbasis Inverter Guna Menurunkan Cycle Time dan Cacat Produk pada Pengelasan Pipa Kapiler
Authors: Nailul Ulum Muhammad Showi , Prasetyo Nanang Budi , Sai'in Ali , Su'udy Ahmad Hamim , Hamid Abdul , Purnomo Dwi
Published: December 2023

Abstract

 
Cycle Time is a matter that must be considered in production time, a good Cycle Time will support the targets that must be met, even if Cycle Time decreases, production will also increase and company turnover will also Increase. In the case study of PT Arisamandiri Pratama, one of its productions is in the form of AC parts, namely capillary pipes which still use a manual rotating table to rotate the pipe to be welded so that it is unable to reach the target of 800 parts / hour with an average Not Good product of 93 parts / day. The design of an inverter-based electric rotary table can reduce cycle time, but how much frequency will affect the results of a welding, not that the faster the welding process the better, the faster the welding will affect the vibration of the table machine which will have an impact on the welding results. By experiment the inverter frequency setting is expected to get a frequency value with maximum speed but no vibration on the rotation table, the frequency used is between 700 Hz to 1500 Hz with an interval of 100 Hz. The experimental results show that the best frequency is 1000 Hz, with a rotation speed of 16 rpm with a production capacity of 935 parts / hour with Not Good products of 59 parts / day or a decrease in Not Good products by 42.1% per day
Desain Sistem Kontrol Mesin Presser Briket Limbah Bambu-Serbuk Kayu dengan Menggunakan PLC Mitsubishi FX 1N-60 MR-D
Authors: Subekti Mokhamad Is , Rachmanu Fatkur , Widodo Widodo
Published: December 2023

Briket dari biomasa bambu mempunyai nilai kalor paling tinggi dibanding dengan biomasa yang lain.Selain dari
materialnya kualitas dan kapasitas hasilnya juga ditentukan dari mesin yang digunakan untuk membuat briket,mesin
yang mempunyai kuat tekan tinggi akan menghasilkan produk briket lebih padat, densitas bertambah dan
mengecilnya porositas yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan nilai kalori[1,6]. Dari beberapa mesin press briket yang
ada masih dapat ditingkatkan baik tekanan maupun kinerjanya. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain sistem
kontrol mesin press briket yang telah dimodifikasi sistem hidroliknya dengan sistem kontrol (dual mode)
menggunakan PLC Mitsubishi FX 1 N -60 MR-D sehingga kualitas maupun kapasitas dapat bertambah. Metode
yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dari mesin briket sebelumnya dengan perbaikan pada sisi
mekanikal-hidrolik maupun kontrolnya. Didapat dari pengujian tegangan output terminal % error maksimum
sebesar 1,34% , % error arus maksimum 1,875% juga pada terminal yang sama terminal Y24, % error tegangan
terkecil Y27 = 1,02% dan % arus terkecil Y26 = 0,625% . Data pengujian gerakan sekuensial menunjukan kesamaan
dengan desain. Jadi secara keseluruhan modifikasi sudah sesuai dengan kriteria desain.