bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENYIAPAN TENAGA TATA HIDANG PARIWISATA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN RESTAURANT HOTEL DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Ali Muharis , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: January 2021

Tata hidang adalah suatu cara menghidangkan makanan ataupun minuman kepada tamu. Permasalahan yang muncul dari observasi awal yang dilakukan adalah bahwa mahasiswa yang melakukan OJT (On The Job Training) pengetahuan tentang tentang peralatan makanan mahasiswa masih tergolong rendah, table setting masih sering lupa dan beberapa hal lain dalam proses tata hidang, misalnya mahasiswa yang belum mampu menguasasi materi pengetahuan peralatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh penyiapan tenaga tata hidang mahsiswa D3 Perhotelan Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Mataram terhadap kualitas pelayanan di Hotel yang ada di Kota Mataram dengan studi kasus mahasiswa D3 Perhotelan yang sedang melakukan OJT. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah dengan observasi, waswancara dan dokumentasi, dengan TKT yang diharapkan pada level 3. Analisis dari hasil pengumpulan data tersebut menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengenai hambatan  kualitas pelayanan menunjukkan bahwa kerjasama, kualitas pelayanan,  sikap dan perilaku, dan kondisi peralatan menunjukkan hasil cukup, kemudian untuk hasil tingkat komunikasi dan cara menyelesaikan complaint menunjukkan yang cukup baik. Dari sehingga, penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan di Restoran di kota mataram terhadap mahasiswa yang sedang OJT, dilihat dari dua sisi konsumen dan staff, dapat dikatakan baik. Oleh karena itu, namun ada beberapa hal perlu dilakukan untuk memperbaiki kualitas pelayanan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini terpublikasi pada jurnal nasional terakreditasi SINTA 4 Media Bina Ilmiah dan memperoleh Hak Cipta yang terdaftar di www.dgip.go.id
Analysis of The Implementation of The Equality Before the Law Principles Against the Perperators of Corruption in the Jurisdiction of the Criminal Court of Corruption at the Surabaya State Court of the Decision Number 119/Pid.Sus.TPK/2018/PN.Sby
Authors: Cahyani Tinuk Dwi , Wardoyo Yohana Puspitasari
Published: January 2021

Corruption that still occurs a lot in Indonesia from year to year, even though it is shown in the perception index that has increased from year to year for the better, is still in a harmful situation for the country. At this time can observe, see and feel that law enforcement is in a position that is can not be trusted. The public questioned the performance of law enforcement officials in eradicating corruption, the spread of judicial mafia, violations of the law in assessing the APBN and APBD among bureaucracy. In 2018 the public was dumbfounded by the mass corruption committed by 41 members of the Malang City DPRD (Regional People's Representative Assembly) during 2018. Malang City is considered the ‘general champion' in the corruption category in the number of suspects. 6 of them have been tried at the Corruption Court at the Surabaya District Court and have been decided by the Panel of Judges as in Decision Number 119/Pid.Sus.TPK/2018/PN.Sby with different sentences. How is the application of the principle of equality before the law against perpetrators of Corruption in the jurisdiction of the corruption court at the Surabaya District Court against the Decision Number 119/Pid.Sus.TPK/2018/PN.Sby? The research method used is the normative legal research method. The results of the research show that the judicial process in handling corruption crimes is in accordance with the rules regarding the types of punishment in the Corruption Crime Court and meets the principle of equality before the law.

Keywords: corruption; equality before the law; Malang
Design of a 2DoF Ankle Exoskeleton with a Polycentric Structure and a Bi-Directional Tendon-Driven Actuator Controlled Using a PID Neural Network
Authors: Lee Taehoon , Kim Inwoo , Baek Yoon Su
Published: January 2021

Lower limb exoskeleton robots help with walking movements through mechanical force, by identifying the wearer’s walking intention. When the exoskeleton robot is lightweight and comfortable to wear, the stability of walking increases, and energy can be used efficiently. However, because it is difficult to implement the complex anatomical movements of the human body, most are designed simply. Due to this, misalignment between the human and robot movement causes the wearer to feel uncomfortable, and the stability of walking is reduced. In this paper, we developed a two degrees of freedom (2DoF) ankle exoskeleton robot with a subtalar joint and a talocrural joint, applying a four-bar linkage to realize the anatomical movement of a simple 1DoF structure mainly used for ankles. However, bidirectional tendon-driven actuators (BTDAs) do not consider the difference in a length change of both cables due to dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar flexion (PF) during walking, causing misalignment. To solve this problem, a BTDA was developed by considering the length change of both cables. Cable-driven actuators and exoskeleton robot systems create uncertainty. Accordingly, adaptive control was performed with a proportional-integral-differential neural network (PIDNN) controller to minimize system uncertainty.
Evolution of Emission Species in an Aero-Engine Turbine Stator
Authors: Perpignan André A. V. , Tomasello Stella Grazia , Rao Arvind Gangoli
Published: January 2021

Future energy and transport scenarios will still rely on gas turbines for energy conversion and propulsion. Gas turbines will play a major role in energy transition and therefore gas turbine performance should be improved, and their pollutant emissions decreased. Consequently, designers must have accurate performance and emission prediction tools. Usually, pollutant emission prediction is limited to the combustion chamber as the composition at its outlet is considered to be “chemically frozen”. However, this assumption is not necessarily valid, especially with the increasing turbine inlet temperatures and operating pressures that benefit engine performance. In this work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Chemical Reactor Network (CRN) simulations were performed to analyse the progress of NOx and CO species through the high-pressure turbine stator. Simulations considering turbulence-chemistry interaction were performed and compared with the finite-rate chemistry approach. The results show that progression of some relevant reactions continues to take place within the turbine stator. For an estimated cruise condition, both NO and CO concentrations are predicted to increase along the stator, while for the take-off condition, NO increases and CO decreases within the stator vanes. Reaction rates and concentrations are correlated with the flow structure for the cruise condition, especially in the near-wall flow field and the blade wakes. However, at the higher operating pressure and temperature encountered during take-off, reactions seem to be dependent on the residence time rather than on the flow structures. The inclusion of turbulence-chemistry interaction significantly changes the results, while heat transfer on the blade walls is shown to have minor effects.
Axial Flow Compressor Stability Enhancement: Circumferential T-Shape Grooves Performance Investigation
Authors: Porro Marco , Jefferson-Loveday Richard , Benini Ernesto
Published: January 2021

This work focuses its attention on possibilities to enhance the stability of an axial compressor using a casing treatment technique. Circumferential grooves machined into the case are considered and their performances evaluated using three-dimensional steady state computational simulations. The effects of rectangular and new T-shape grooves on NASA Rotor 37 performances are investigated, resolving in detail the flow field near the blade tip in order to understand the stall inception delay mechanism produced by the casing treatment. First, a validation of the computational model was carried out analysing a smooth wall case without grooves. The comparisons of the total pressure ratio, total temperature ratio and adiabatic efficiency profiles with experimental data highlighted the accuracy and validity of the model. Then, the results for a rectangular groove chosen as the baseline case demonstrated that the groove interacts with the tip leakage flow, weakening the vortex breakdown and reducing the separation at the blade suction side. These effects delay stall inception, improving compressor stability. New T-shape grooves were designed keeping the volume as a constant parameter and their performances were evaluated in terms of stall margin improvement and efficiency variation. All the configurations showed a common efficiency loss near the peak condition and some of them revealed a stall margin improvement with respect to the baseline. Due to their reduced depth, these new configurations are interesting because they enable the use of a thinner light-weight compressor case as is desirable in aerospace applications.
Stability and Manoeuvrability Simulation of a Semi-Autonomous Submarine Free-Running Model SUBOFF with an Autopilot System
Authors: Lin Yu-Hsien , Lin Yu-Ting , Chiu Yen-Jun
Published: January 2021

On the basis of a full-appendage DARPA SUBOFF model (DTRC model 5470), a scale (λ = 0.535) semi-autonomous submarine free-running model (SFRM) was designed for testing its manoeuvrability and stability in the constrained water. Prior to the experimental tests of the SFRM, a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) manoeuvre model with an autopilot system was developed by using logic operations in MATLAB. The SFRM’s attitude and its trim polygon were presented by coping with the changes in mass and trimming moment. By adopting a series of manoeuvring tests in empty tanks, the performances of the SFRM were introduced in cases of three sailing speeds. In addition, the PD controller was established by considering the simulation results of these manoeuvring tests. The optimal control gains with respect to each manoeuvring test can be calculated by using the PID tuner in MATLAB. Two sets of control gains derived from the optimal characteristics parameters were compared in order to decide on the most appropriate PD controller with the line-of-sight (LOS) guidance algorithm for the SFRM in the autopilot simulation. Eventually, the simulated trajectories and course angles of the SFRM would be illustrated in the post-processor based on the Cinema 4D modelling.
ExoCAS-2: Rapid and Pure Isolation of Exosomes by Anionic Exchange Using Magnetic Beads
Authors: Kim Hyunsung , Shin Sehyun
Published: January 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered essential biomarkers in liquid biopsies. Despite intensive efforts aimed at employing EVs in a clinical setting, workable approaches are currently limited owing to the fact that EV-isolation technologies are still in a nascent stage. This study introduces a magnetic bead-based ion exchange platform for isolating EVs called ExoCAS-2 (exosome clustering and scattering). Owing to their negative charge, exosomes can easily adhere to magnetic beads coated with a polycationic polymer. Owing to the features of magnetic beads, exosomes can be easily processed via washing and elution steps and isolated with high purity and yield within 40 min. The present results confirmed the isolation of exosomes through analyses of size distribution, morphology, surface and internal protein markers, and exosomal RNA. Compared with the commercially available methods, the proposed method showed superior performance in terms of key aspects, including operation time, purity, and recovery rate. This highlights the potential of this magnetic bead-based ion exchange platform for isolating exosomes present in blood plasma.
An Analysis of the Intellectual Property Market in the Field of Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods
Authors: Vasilenko Violetta A. , Vasilenko Vasili A. , Skichko Evgenia A. , Sakharov Dmitriy A. , Safarov Ruslan R. , Gordienko Mariia G. , Oleinik Andrei V.
Published: January 2021

The article presents an analysis of the intellectual property market in the field of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. The search retrospectively covers the period from 2010 to 2020. Russia, China, and the United States are the leading countries in enhanced oil recovery methods. Canada, Germany, and Saudi Arabia also have a high level of patent activity compared with other countries. Semantic and statistical analysis of the obtained sample of documents made it possible to highlight the areas of intensive patenting, high competitiveness, as well as mainstream methods of enhanced oil recovery. The analysis of the leading companies’ patent portfolios revealed the similarities and differences in their structure. Tatneft, ConocoPhillips Co., Sinopec, and PetroChina Co. are actively patenting in the field of thermal enhanced oil recovery, which has been identified as the mainstream. BASF SE is focused on the production of chemicals, including chemicals for oil production. The Saudi Arabian Oil Company produces light oil using waterflooding and physicochemical methods. Software dominates the patent collection sector in the EORs of Gazpromneft STC and Lukoil.
Finding Multiple Equilibria for Raiffa–Kalai–Smorodinsky and Nash Bargaining Equilibria in Electricity Markets: A Bilateral Contract Model
Authors: Garcia Reinaldo C. , Contreras Javier , Macedo Bárbara Caldeira , Monteiro Daniel da Silva , Barbosa Matheus L.
Published: January 2021

In a deregulated market, energy can be exchanged like a commodity and the market agents including generators, distributors, and the end consumers can trade energy independently settling the price, volume, and the supply terms. Bilateral contracts (BCs) have been applied to hedge against price volatility in the electricity spot market. This work introduces a model to find all solutions for the equilibria implementing the Raiffa–Kalai–Smorodinski (RKS) and the Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) approaches in an electricity market based on BCs. It is based on creating “holes” around an existing equilibrium within the feasibility set, yielding a new (smaller) feasibility set at each iteration. This research has two players: a generation company (GC) and an electricity supplier company (ESC), aiming to achieve the highest profit for each of them. The results present all possible RKS and NBS, in addition to showing all assigned energies for a case study at different time frames. The multiple equilibria solutions allow the ESC and the GC to apply different strategies knowing that they can still achieve an optimal solution.
An Overview of CRISPR-Based Technologies in Wine Yeasts to Improve Wine Flavor and Safety
Authors: Vilela Alice
Published: January 2021

Modern industrial winemaking is based on the use of specific starters of wine strains. Commercial wine strains present several advantages over natural isolates, and it is their use that guarantees the stability and reproducibility of industrial winemaking technologies. For the highly competitive wine market with new demands for improved wine quality and wine safety, it has become increasingly critical to develop new yeast strains. In the last decades, new possibilities arose for creating upgraded wine yeasts in the laboratory, resulting in the development of strains with better fermentation abilities, able to improve the sensory quality of wines and produce wines targeted to specific consumers, considering their health and nutrition requirements. However, only two genetically modified (GM) wine yeast strains are officially registered and approved for commercial use. Compared with traditional genetic engineering methods, CRISPR/Cas9 is described as efficient, versatile, cheap, easy-to-use, and able to target multiple sites. This genetic engineering technique has been applied to Saccharomyces cerevisiae since 2013. In this review, we aimed to overview the use of CRISPR/Cas9 editing technique in wine yeasts to combine develop phenotypes able to increase flavor compounds in wine without the development of off-flavors and aiding in the creation of “safer wines.”
Ultra-Lean Gaseous Flames in Terrestrial Gravity Conditions
Authors: Yakovenko Ivan , Kiverin Alexey , Melnikova Ksenia
Published: January 2021

Development of the combustion process in the gaseous mixtures of near-limit composition is of great interest for fundamental aspects of combustion theory and fire-safety applications. The dynamics of ultra-lean gaseous flames in near-limit mixtures is governed by many effects, such as buoyancy, preferential diffusion, radiation, and instability development. Though ultra-lean combustion was extensively studied in microgravity conditions, the influence of gravity on the ultra-lean flame structure and stability is still poorly understood. The paper is devoted to deepening the knowledge of ultra-lean flame dynamics in hydrogen-air mixtures under terrestrial gravity conditions. The spatial structures of the flame developing under the effect of buoyancy forces are investigated employing detailed numerical analysis. Different modes of near-limit flame evolution are observed depending on the mixture concentration. In particular, we registered and described three distinct spatial structures: individual kernels tending to extinguish in leanest compounds, complex multi-kernel structures in marginal compositions, and stable cap-shaped flames in more chemically active mixtures. We apply the flame-bubble analogy to interpret flame dynamics. On this basis, the diagram in the Re-Fr plane is developed. That allows classifying the emerging flame structures and determine flame stability. Additionally, different ignition modes are studied, and the mechanisms determining the impact of ignition mode on the flammability limits are distinguished. Obtained results provide useful insights into the processes of flame quenching and development in near-limit hydrogen-air mixtures under real gravity conditions and can be applied in the design of contemporary fire-safety systems.
Quantitative and Confirmatory Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Cereal Grains and Legumes by Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Saito-Shida Shizuka , Nemoto Satoru , Akiyama Hiroshi
Published: January 2021

For controlling pesticide residues in food and ensuring food safety, multiresidue methods that can monitor a wide range of pesticides in various types of foods are required for regulatory monitoring. In this study, to demonstrate the applicability of liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF-MS) for quantitative and confirmatory analysis of pesticide residues in cereal grains and legumes, the LC–QTOF-MS method using full-scan acquisition was validated for 151 pesticides in brown rice, soybeans, and peanuts at a spiked level of 0.01 mg/kg. With the exception of 5 out of 151 target pesticides, sufficiently high signal intensities were obtained at 0.005 μg/mL (corresponding to 0.01 mg/kg). Trueness was in the range 70–95%, with intra- and inter-day precisions below 16% and 24%, respectively, with the exception of 7 pesticides in brown rice, 10 pesticides in soybeans, and 9 pesticides in peanuts. No interfering peaks were observed near the retention times of the target pesticides. Furthermore, information on accurate fragment-ion masses obtained by a data-independent acquisition enabled unambiguous confirmation. The results suggest that the LC-QTOF-MS method is suitable for pesticide residues’ analysis of cereal grains and legumes, and can be utilized for regulatory routine analysis.
Cross-Shore Profile Evolution after an Extreme Erosion Event—Palanga, Lithuania
Authors: Kelpšaitė-Rimkienė Loreta , Parnell Kevin E. , Žaromskis Rimas , Kondrat Vitalijus
Published: January 2021

We report cross-shore profile evolution at Palanga, eastern Baltic Sea, where short period waves dominate. Cross-shore profile studies began directly after a significant coastal erosion event caused by storm “Anatol”, in December of 1999, and continued for a year. Further measurements were undertaken sixteen years later. Cross-shore profile changes were described, and cross-shore transport rates were calculated. A K-means clustering technique was applied to determine sections of the profile with the same development tendencies. Profile evolution was strongly influenced by the depth of closure which is constrained by a moraine layer, and the presence of a groyne. The method used divided the profile into four clusters: the first cluster in the deepest water represents profile evolution limited by the depth of closure, and the second and third are mainly affected by processes induced by wind, wave and water level changes. The most intensive sediment volume changes were observed directly after the coastal erosion event. The largest sand accumulation was in the fourth profile cluster, which includes the upper beach and dunes. Seaward extension of the dune system caused a narrowing of the visible beach, which has led to an increased sand volume (accretion) being misinterpreted as erosion
Single-Ion Magnet and Photoluminescence Properties of Lanthanide(III) Coordination Polymers Based on Pyrimidine-4,6-Dicarboxylate
Authors: Pajuelo-Corral Oier , García Jose Angel , Castillo Oscar , Luque Antonio , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , Cepeda Javier
Published: January 2021

Herein, we report the magnetic and photoluminescence characterization of coordination polymers (CP) built from the combination of lanthanide(III) ions, pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylate (pmdc) ligand and a co-ligand with formula {[Dy(μ-pmdc)(μ-ox)0.5(H2O)3]·2H2O}n (1-Dy), {[Dy(μ3-pmdc)(μ-ox)0.5(H2O)2] ~2.33H2O}n (2-Dy), {[Dy2(μ3-pmdc)(μ4-pmdc)(μ-ox)(H2O)3]·5H2O}n (3-Dy), {[Ln(μ3-pmdc)(μ-ox)0.5(H2O)2]·H2O}n (where Ln(III) = Nd (4-Nd), Sm (4-Sm), Eu (4-Eu) and Dy (4-Dy)) and {[Dy(μ4-pmdc)(NO3)(H2O)]·H2O}n (5-Dy). It must be noted the presence of oxalate anion acting as ditopic co-ligand in compounds 1-Dy, 2-Dy, 3-Dy and 4-Ln, whereas in 5-Dy the nitrate anion plays the role of terminal co-ligand. Direct current measurements carried out for the dysprosium-based CPs reveal almost negligible interactions between Dy3+ ions within the crystal structure, which is confirmed by computed values of the exchange parameters J. In addition, alternating current measurements show field-induced single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in compounds 1-Dy, 2-Dy, 4-Dy and 5-Dy, whereas slight-frequency dependence is also observed in 3-Dy. Solid state emission spectra performed at room temperature for those compounds emitting in visible region confirm the occurrence of significant ligand-to-lanthanide charge transfer in view of the strong characteristic emissions for all lanthanide ions. Emission decay curves were also recorded to estimate the emission lifetimes for the reported compounds, in addition to the absolute quantum yields. Among them, the high quantum yield of 25.0% measured for 4-Eu is to be highlighted as a representative example of the good emissive properties of the materials.
Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells during Tumor Progression and Metastasis
Authors: Ohshima Kenji , Morii Eiichi
Published: January 2021

Cancer cells face various metabolic challenges during tumor progression, including growth in the nutrient-altered and oxygen-deficient microenvironment of the primary site, intravasation into vessels where anchorage-independent growth is required, and colonization of distant organs where the environment is distinct from that of the primary site. Thus, cancer cells must reprogram their metabolic state in every step of cancer progression. Metabolic reprogramming is now recognized as a hallmark of cancer cells and supports cancer growth. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells may help identifying cancer targets and treatment strategies. This review summarizes our current understanding of metabolic reprogramming during cancer progression and metastasis, including cancer cell adaptation to the tumor microenvironment, defense against oxidative stress during anchorage-independent growth in vessels, and metabolic reprogramming during metastasis.
Grapevine Microbiota Reflect Diversity among Compartments and Complex Interactions within and among Root and Shoot Systems
Authors: Swift Joel F. , Hall Megan E. , Harris Zachary N. , Kwasniewski Misha T. , Miller Allison J.
Published: January 2021

Grafting connects root and shoot systems of distinct individuals, bringing microbial communities of different genotypes together in a single plant. How do root system and shoot system genotypes influence plant microbiota in grafted grapevines? To address this, we utilized clonal replicates of the grapevine ‘Chambourcin’, growing ungrafted and grafted to three different rootstocks in three irrigation treatments. Our objectives were to (1) characterize the microbiota (bacteria and fungi) of below-ground compartments (roots, adjacent soil) and above-ground compartments (leaves, berries), (2) determine how rootstock genotype, irrigation, and their interaction influences grapevine microbiota in different compartments, and (3) investigate abundance of microorganisms implicated in the late-season grapevine disease sour rot (Acetobacterales and Saccharomycetes). We found that plant compartment had the largest influence on microbial diversity. Neither rootstock genotype nor irrigation significantly influenced microbial diversity or composition. However, differential abundance of bacterial and fungal taxa varied as a function of rootstock and irrigation treatment; in particular, Acetobacterales and Saccharomycetes displayed higher relative abundance in berries of grapevines grafted to ‘1103P’ and ‘SO4’ rootstocks and varied across irrigation treatments. This study demonstrates that grapevine compartments retain distinct microbiota and identifies associations between rootstock genotypes, irrigation treatment, and the relative abundance of agriculturally relevant microorganisms in the berries.
Norwegian Soils and Waters Contain Mesophilic, Plastic-Degrading Bacteria
Authors: Charnock Colin
Published: January 2021

Plastic pollution has become one of the most critical environmental issues, as rapidly increasing production, compounded by persistence of plastic wastes in the environment, are outpacing efforts to keep ecosystems plastic-free. A switch to plastics more amenable to microbial attack is one of several possible responses. Against this background, the current study describes the isolation, enumeration and polyphasic characterization of plastic-degrading bacteria present in Norwegian terrestrial and aquatic habits. It shows that these bacteria are present in relatively high numbers, and that plastic-degrading capabilities are found in several taxa, most especially Streptomyces. Some isolates wereable to degrade several plastics. Notably, a Rhodococcus sp. and a Streptomyces sp. degraded, respectively, four and six of the eight plastics investigated and a number of other polymers relevant for plastic blends. The paper also has a methodological aspect, presenting various approaches for assaying plastic-degrading properties and a PCR/sequencing-based approach for the identification of potential polyethylene terephthalate-degrading genes. A candidate gene was detected in several Streptomyces isolates. The study shows that Norwegian environments are a rich source of bacteria with the ability to degrade bioplastics possibly representing a natural remediation capacity, as well as a potential source of useful enzymes.
Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance in the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus Complex (SBSEC) Isolated from Korean Domestic Ruminants
Authors: Park Seon Young , Lee Mingyung , Lim Se Ra , Kwon Hyemin , Lee Ye Seul , Kim Ji Hyung , Seo Seongwon
Published: January 2021

S. bovis/S. equinus complex (SBSEC) includes lactic acid-producing bacteria considered as the causative agent associated with acute rumen lactic acidosis in intensive ruminants. Considering the limited information on the detailed characteristics and diversity of SBSEC in Korea and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), we investigated the diversity of SBSEC from domestic ruminants and verified the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) against several antimicrobials with their phenotypic resistance. Among 51 SBSEC isolates collected, two SBSEC members (S. equinus and S. lutetiensis) were identified; sodA-based phylogenetic analyses and comparisons of overall genome relatedness revealed potential plasticity and diversity. The AMR rates of these SBSEC against erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline were relatively lower than those of other SBSEC isolates of a clinical origin. An investigation of the ARGs against those antimicrobials indicated that tetracycline resistance of SBSECs generally correlated with the presence of tet(M)-possessing Tn916-like transposon. However, no correlation between the presence of ARGs and phenotypic resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was observed. Although a limited number of animals and their SBSEC isolates were examined, this study provides insights into the potential intraspecies biodiversity of ruminant-origin SBSEC and the current status on antimicrobial resistance of the bacteria in the Korean livestock industry.
Immobilization of Eversa® Transform via CLEA Technology Converts It in a Suitable Biocatalyst for Biolubricant Production Using Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Guimarães José Renato , Miranda Letícia Passos , Fernandez-Lafuente Roberto , Tardioli Paulo Waldir
Published: January 2021

The performance of the previously optimized magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregate of Eversa (Eversa-mCLEA) in the enzymatic synthesis of biolubricants by transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with different alcohols has been evaluated. Eversa-mCLEA showed good activities using these alcohols, reaching a transesterification activity with isoamyl alcohol around 10-fold higher than with methanol. Yields of isoamyl fatty acid ester synthesis were similar using WCO or refined oil, confirming that this biocatalyst could be utilized to transform this residue into a valuable product. The effects of WCO/isoamyl alcohol molar ratio and enzyme load on the synthesis of biolubricant were also investigated. A maximum yield of around 90 wt.% was reached after 72 h of reaction using an enzyme load of 12 esterification units/g oil and a WCO/alcohol molar ratio of 1:6 in a solvent-free system. At the same conditions, the liquid Eversa yielded a maximum ester yield of only 34%. This study demonstrated the great changes in the enzyme properties that can be derived from a proper immobilization system. Moreover, it also shows the potential of WCO as a feedstock for the production of isoamyl fatty acid esters, which are potential candidates as biolubricants.
Colored Corn: An Up-Date on Metabolites Extraction, Health Implication, and Potential Use
Authors: Colombo Raffaella , Ferron Lucia , Papetti Adele
Published: January 2021

Colored (orange, pink, red, purple, and blue) corn strongly attracted attention on its healthy properties mainly due to its anthocyanin and carotenoid composition which is also responsible for its pigmentation. The present review summarized the recent updates on the extraction and chemical characterization of the main plant secondary metabolites present in colored seeds, kernel, cob, husk, and silk. The main approaches used to stabilize the extracts have been discussed as well as their food and non-food uses. Both in vitro and in vivo (animal models) studies on the different effects (antibacterial, antimutagenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, effects on metabolic syndrome, diabetes, glucose and lipidic metabolism, and neuroprotection) of pigmented extracts on animal and human health have been summarized.
Binding Characteristics Study of DNA based Aptamers for E. coli O157:H7
Authors: Siddiqui Saika , Yuan Jie
Published: January 2021

E. coli O157:H7 is a pathogenic bacterium producing verotoxins that could lead to serious complications such as hemolytic uremia syndrome. Fast detection of such pathogens is important. For rapid detection, aptamers are quickly gaining traction as alternative biorecognition molecules besides conventional antibodies. Several DNA aptamers have been selected for E. coli O157:H7. Nonetheless, there has not been a comparative study of the binding characteristics of these aptamers. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of binding characteristics including binding affinity (Kd) and binding capacity (Bmax) of DNA-based aptamers for E. coli O157:H7 using qPCR. Our results show that aptamer E18R has the highest binding capacity to E. coli 157:H7 and the highest specificity over non-pathogenic E. coli strains K12 and DH5α. Our study also finds that the common biotin-tag modification at 5′ end typically changes the binding capacity significantly. For most of the selected aptamers, the binding capacity after a biotin-tag modification decreases. There exists a discrepancy in the binding capability between the selected aptamer and the aptamer used for detection. Our study also shows that a lower concentration of Mg2+ ions in the binding buffer leads to a decrease in the binding capacity of E17F and E18R, while it does not affect the binding capacity of S1 and EcoR1.
Nanotheranostics: A Possible Solution for Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and their Biofilms?
Authors: Mosselhy Dina A. , Assad Mhd , Sironen Tarja , Elbahri Mady
Published: January 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious pathogen that colonizes implants (orthopedic and breast implants) and wounds with a vicious resistance to antibiotic therapy. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a catastrophe mainly restricted to hospitals and emerged to community reservoirs, acquiring resistance and forming biofilms. Treating biofilms is problematic except via implant removal or wound debridement. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanofibers could combat superbugs and biofilms and rapidly diagnose MRSA. Nanotheranostics combine diagnostics and therapeutics into a single agent. This comprehensive review is interpretative, utilizing mainly recent literature (since 2016) besides the older remarkable studies sourced via Google Scholar and PubMed. We unravel the molecular S. aureus resistance and complex biofilm. The diagnostic properties and detailed antibacterial and antibiofilm NP mechanisms are elucidated in exciting stories. We highlight the challenges of bacterial infections nanotheranostics. Finally, we discuss the literature and provide “three action appraisals”. (i) The first appraisal consists of preventive actions (two wings), avoiding unnecessary hospital visits, hand hygiene, and legislations against over-the-counter antibiotics as the general preventive wing. Our second recommended preventive wing includes preventing the adverse side effects of the NPs from resistance and toxicity by establishing standard testing procedures. These standard procedures should provide breakpoints of bacteria’s susceptibility to NPs and a thorough toxicological examination of every single batch of synthesized NPs. (ii) The second appraisal includes theranostic actions, using nanotheranostics to diagnose and treat MRSA, such as what we call “multifunctional theranostic nanofibers. (iii) The third action appraisal consists of collaborative actions.
The Development of Solvent Cast Films or Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes Made from Blended Poly Vinyl Alcohol Materials with Different Degrees of Hydrolyzation for Optimal Hydrogel Dissolution and Sustained Release of Anti-Infective Silver Salts
Authors: Jackson John , Plackett David , Hsu Eric , Lange Dirk , Evans Robin , Burt Helen
Published: January 2021

Introduction: We previously described the manufacture and characterization of hydrogel forming, thin film, anti-infective wound dressings made from Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) and silver nanoparticles, crosslinked by heat. However, these films were designed to be inexpensive for simple manufacture locally in Africa. In this new study, we have further developed PVA dressings by manufacturing films or electrospun membranes, made from blends of PVA with different degrees of hydrolyzation, that contain silver salts and degrade in a controlled manner to release silver in a sustained manner over 12 days. Methods: Films were solvent cast as films or electrospun into nanofibre membranes using blends of 99 and 88% hydrolyzed PVA, containing 1% w/w silver sulphadiazine, carbonate, sulphate, or acetate salts. Dissolution was measured as weight loss in water and silver release was measured using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. Results: Cast films generally stayed intact at PVA 99: PVA 88% ratios greater than 40:60 whereas electrospun membranes needed ratios greater than 10:90. Films (40:60 blend ratio) and membranes (10:90) all released silver salts in a sustained fashion but incompletely and to different extents. Electrospun membranes gave more linear release patterns in the 2–12 day period and all salts released well. Conclusion: Blended PVA cast films offer improved control over hydrogel dissolution and silver release without the need for high temperature crosslinking. Blended PVA electrospun membranes further improve membrane dissolution control and silver release profiles. These blended PVA films and membranes offer improved inexpensive systems for the manufacture of long lasting anti-infective hydrogel wound dressings.
Investigation of Cyclicity of Kinematic Resolution Methods for Serial and Parallel Planar Manipulators
Authors: Ruggiu Maurizio , Müller Andreas
Published: January 2021

Kinematic redundancy of manipulators is a well-understood topic, and various methods were developed for the redundancy resolution in order to solve the inverse kinematics problem, at least for serial manipulators. An important question, with high practical relevance, is whether the inverse kinematics solution is cyclic, i.e., whether the redundancy solution leads to a closed path in joint space as a solution of a closed path in task space. This paper investigates the cyclicity property of two widely used redundancy resolution methods, namely the projected gradient method (PGM) and the augmented Jacobian method (AJM), by means of examples. Both methods determine solutions that minimize an objective function, and from an application point of view, the sensitivity of the methods on the initial configuration is crucial. Numerical results are reported for redundant serial robotic arms and for redundant parallel kinematic manipulators. While the AJM is known to be cyclic, it turns out that also the PGM exhibits cyclicity. However, only the PGM converges to the local optimum of the objective function when starting from an initial configuration of the cyclic trajectory.
Radiation Efficiency Enhancement of Graphene Plasmonic Devices Using Matching Circuits
Authors: Amanatiadis Stamatios , Zygiridis Theodoros , Kantartzis Nikolaos
Published: January 2021

In the present work, the radiation properties of a graphene plasmonic patch antenna are investigated and enhanced in terms of efficiency, utilizing circuit-matching techniques. Initially, the reflection coefficient of graphene surface waves due to discontinuities is studied, while the power flow towards free-space is numerically extracted. This analysis indicates that the radiated power is increased for higher values of the chemical potential, although the surface wave is weakly confined and prone to degradation due to interference. For this reason, a graphene sheet that supports strongly confined surface waves is terminated via a matching layer, in order to enhance the radiating power. In particular, the matching layer consists of an appropriately selected larger chemical potential value, in order to minimize the reflection coefficient and boost the radiation performance. The numerical investigation of this setup validates the upgraded performance, since the radiating power is significantly increased. Then, a realistic setup that includes a graphene patch antenna is examined numerically, proving the augmentation of the radiation efficiency when the matching layer is utilized. Finally, the latter is designed with a graded increment in the chemical potential, and the computational analysis highlights the significant enhancement of the graphene plasmonic antenna gain towards the desired direction. Consequently, a more reliable framework for wireless communications between plasmonic devices at THz frequencies is established, which corresponds to the practical significance of the proposed methodology for improved radiation efficiency. All numerical results are extracted by means of an efficient modification of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scheme, which models graphene accurately.
Robotic Partial Excision of Levator-Ani Muscle for Locally Advanced Low Rectal Cancer Invading Ipsilateral Pelvic Floor
Authors: Yang Seung Yoon , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: January 2021

Tumors at the level of the anorectal junction had required abdominoperineal resection (APR) to achieve an adequate resection margin. However, in the cases of tumor invading ipsilateral levator-ani muscle (LAM), en-bloc resection of the rectum with LAM including tumor would be possible. This video is to show the critical anatomic steps of this procedure. A video was produced from the robotic right partial excision of LAM (PELM) performed in a 57-year-old female patient with rectal cancer at 3 cm from the anal verge, invading the ipsilateral anorectal ring, who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The patient discharged at postoperative day 8 without complication. The pathology of the surgical specimen revealed ypT3N1bM0. The secure resection margin from the tumor was achieved. Robotic PELM is the sphincter-preserving technique that can be an alternative treatment option for low rectal cancer invading the ipsilateral LAM, which has been an indication for APR or extralevator APR.
La libertad de imprenta en el mundo hispánico. Los vínculos entre la península y Buenos Aires durante los primeros años revolucionarios
Authors: Lafit Facundo
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo estudia la trayectoria que la cuestión de la libertad de imprenta tuvo el mundo hispánico entre los años 1808 y 1812, buscando percibir los vínculos intelectuales entre las elites peninsulares y porteñas. Indagaremos en las intervenciones públicas de las elites letradas tanto en la península como en Buenos Aires, prestando atención fundamentalmente a los procesos de circulación, recepción y apropiación de ideas, legislaciones y lenguajes políticos. Analizaremos también el tratamiento y promulgación por parte de las Cortes gaditanas de la ley de libertad de imprenta, así como los reglamentos dictados por el gobierno porteño, estudiando su implementación en ambos espacios durante los primeros años revolucionarios desde un enfoque comparativo.
Ensayo del terrorismo de Estado en Argentina: el Operativo Independencia (Tucumán, 1975-1977)
Authors: Garaño Santiago
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo aportar a una línea de estudios sobre el surgimiento del terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina, a partir del abordaje del Operativo Independencia, una campaña militar desarrollada en Tucumán entre febrero de 1975 y diciembre de 1977, donde el Ejército argentino por primera vez de manera masiva ensayó la desaparición forzada de personas como tecnología de represión política (que luego del golpe de Estado del 24 de marzo de 1976 se extendió al resto del país). A partir del análisis de documentos castrenses, realizaré una reconstrucción pormenorizada del desarrollo militar del Operativo Independencia, su planificación por las autoridades militares, las principales fases, actores intervinientes, modalidades y dinámicas de represión política desplegadas, todos ellos temas aún no abordados en el campo de los estudios sobre represión y violencia política en la Argentina. La hipótesis central es que el ejercicio directo de la represión en el Operativo Independencia permitió al Ejército entrenar al personal militar en la “zona de operaciones” de Tucumán y acumular experiencia sobre estas modalidades.
O DEBATE EM TORNO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE: DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL SUSTENTÁVEL – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Souza Ligiana Lourenço de , Ferreira Leandro Valle , Mendes Fernando Antônio Teixeira , Borges Nilma Silva , Costa Jane Malcher da , Ferreira Edna Yara de Carvalho Silva , Aleixo Lizandra Lourenço de Souza , Silva Erika Vanessa da Silva
Published: January 2021

Apesar de ter sido empregado pela primeira vez na década de 1980, quando aparece qualificando a ideia de desenvolvimento e expressando a mais generosa visão do futuro, o termo sustentabilidade não foi criado nessa ocasião. Sua origem está intrinsicamente ligada a demanda por recursos naturais e seu reflexo nos impactos ambientais relatados ao longo da história humana (FEIL et al., 2016). Tendo em vista tais considerações a respeito da sustentabilidade, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento literário sobre a reavaliação da noção do desenvolvimento predominantemente ligado à ideia de crescimento”, ou seja, novo paradigma desenvolvimentista a partir da noção de sustentabilidade. Deve-se buscar cada vez mais alternativas de cultivo sustentáveis, que possam atender o tripé da sustentabilidade, conciliando o crescimento econômico com a proteção do meio ambiente e o bem-estar da sociedade.
The Weibull-exponential {Rayleigh} Distribution: Theory and Applications
Authors: Ibeh G. C. , Ekpenyoung E. J. , Anyiam K. , John C.
Published: January 2021

This study introduces a new distribution in the family of generalized exponential distributions generated using the transformed-transformer method. Some properties of the distribution are presented. The new distribution has three parameters and they are estimated numerically using the BGFS iterative method implemented in R software. Two real sets of data are adopted to demonstrate the flexibility and potential applications of the new distribution.
A színházpedagógia és a fejlesztőpedagógia kapcsolódási pontjai
Authors: Bancsi Zoltán , Mező Katalin
Published: January 2021

Jelen publikáció a színházpedagógia megjelenési lehetőségeit taglalja a fejlesztőpedagógiában. A tanulmány célja: 1) felszínre hozni azokat az élménypedagógai elemeket, amelyek lehetővé teszik e két, látszólag elkülönülő (színházpedagógia és fejlesztőpedagógia) terület összekapcsolását; 2) bemutatni egy olyan pilot kutatás eredményeit, melyben középiskolás fiatalok (N=100) körében történt a színházpedagógiai előadások fejlesztési céllal történő felhasználási lehetőségeinek elemzése. A vizsgálati eredmények alátámasztották, hogy a színházpedagógiai előadás (mint él-ményadó közeg) alkalmas eszköz lehet fejlesztőpedagógiai célzatú felhasználásra is.
Habilidades de Innovación en los colaboradores de las MIPES
Authors: Neme-Castillo Omar , García-Meza Mario Alberto , Valderrama-Santibáñez Ana Lilia
Published: January 2021

El objetivo del documento es cuantificar las habilidades de innovación de los colaboradores en las Micro y Pequeñas Empresas (MIPES) de la Ciudad de México a través del Índice General de Habilidades de Innovación del Individuo (IGHII) y compararlo con su desempeño innovador. Se sigue un método de investigación cuantitativo que incluye análisis exploratorio, confirmatorio, de varianza y correlación. Los resultados indican que el IGHII es mayor para las microempresas, quienes además acumulan más innovaciones. El hallazgo principal es que las mayores habilidades individuales generan mejores desempeños innovativos dado el tamaño de la empresa. Un aspecto poco atendido en la literatura es la medición de las habilidades de innovación de los colaboradores y su efecto en la innovación, este documento es original en este sentido. La principal limitación es la temporalidad, pues contiene información de un solo año.