bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de rendimiento energético de bioceldas solares
Authors: Hernández Ruben Téllez , Cruz Fermín Tenorio , Cortes Erik Juarez , Camacho Alberto Vera
Published: January 2022

La búsqueda de fuentes de energía es uno de los retos más grandes de la ciencia e ingeniería la, cual investiga para evitar de destruir nuestro planeta utilizando energéticos que contaminen el medio ambiente. Una de las más comunes es la energía solar, basada en células fotovoltaicas que utilizan las cargas opuestas producidas por la energía lumínica para crear un campo eléctrico y, con él, generar corriente. En breve, el consumo de esta fuente de energía ha ido aumentando a nivel mundial, y la investigación de un modo de potenciar el método no ha parado ni un solo momento, así en la naturaleza quienes más dominan en el uso la luz del sol para obtener energía son las plantas y algunas bacterias, por lo que si no podemos ser mejores que ellas tan solo es mejor imitarlas y aprovechar sus recursos  como fuentes de modelado en el aprovechamiento de esa energía, y en lo posterior aprovechar esa energía solar. En el futuro el mejor aprovechamiento de la energía solar y mayor eficiencia energética en el uso de bioceldas solares,  es el objetivo de este estudio, aprovechar la energía lumínica y convertirla en útil energía eléctrica y aprovechar al máximo ese potencial para cubrir nuestras necesidades de energía mundial.
Con historia hacia el futuro
Authors: Estévez-Abad Fernando
Published: January 2022

Inició su publicación en 1992, con la visión institucional de una sociedad que exigía conectarse con el mundo de la comunicación científica. Necesaria y siempre contemporánea con la medicina del momento, la Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología está por cumplir tres décadas de actividad.
Síndrome de Arlequín
Authors: Alvis-Castaño Laura , Arellano-Lozano Israel , Vieyra-Medina Tania L.
Published: January 2022

Se trata de una mujer de 37 años, quien acudió por presentar eritema hemifacial derecho y diaforesis posterior a la realización de ejercicio y eventos estresantes de un año de evolución. Mediante la exploración física y los estudios paraclínicos se descartaron causas estructurales. Por lo tanto, se otorgó el diagnóstico de síndrome de arlequín. Se explicaron las medidas terapéuticas a la paciente y se le dio seguimiento.
Aplicación móvil de realidad virtual para el entrenamiento de la mano espástica
Authors: Pinzón-Bernal Mónica Yamile , Díaz-López Brenda , Herrera-Sánchez Yarely Rocío , Mendoza-Cardozo Luis Fernando , López-Vázquez Alexandra Zairabel , Camacho-Pérez Mairani Lizet
Published: January 2022

Antecedentes: La mano es una estructura con una compleja organización neuromuscular que en la hemiparesia se ve comprometida afectando la función. Objetivo: Determinar los cambios en la función motora de la mano espástica de un adulto con hemiparesia a través el uso de una aplicación móvil de realidad virtual. Método: Reporte de caso de un adulto de 29 años con hemiparesia, evaluado con las escala Fugl Meyer miembro superior (FMA-ES), Test Trail Making y el test de dinamometría de fuerza; se realizó una intervención terapéutica con gafas de realidad virtual usando la aplicación móvil Mirror box Therapy VR®. Resultados: La terapia de realidad virtual aplicada a través de la aplicación móvil Mirror box Therapy VR®, muestra a corto tiempo cambios favorables en la función motora y sensitiva del paciente. Discusión: La realidad virtual proporciona una interacción funcional, haciéndola una herramienta eficaz para motivar a los pacientes durante las sesiones. Conclusión: La intervención a través de la realidad virtual genera cambios en la función motora y sensitiva de la mano en la hemiparesia después de 12 sesiones.
MIÉRT ELŐNYÖS A DUÁLIS KÉPZÉS A RÉSZTVEVŐK SZÁMÁRA?
Authors: Toth Katalin
Published: January 2022

Magyarországon 2015-ben intézményesített formában bevezetésre került a duális képzés.  A duális képzés a munkaerőpiac igényeire adott válasz, mely bevezetése óta egyre népszerűbb. A képzés összetett, többszereplős, így komoly feladatot jelent annak hatékony működtetése. Már most láthatóak azok a társadalmi, gazdasági folyamatok, melyek a képzés bevezetésének köszönhetően indultak el.

A cikk a duális képzés előzményeit, jellegzetességeit, előnyeit és nehézségeit szándékozik bemutatni, a témában fellelhető szakirodalomra támaszkodva.
JÁTÉKOSÍTÁS, MINT A HR ÚJ STRATÉGIAI ESZKÖZE
Authors: Czeily Tibor , Dajnoki Krisztina
Published: January 2022

A globalizáció, a megváltozott munkavállalói preferenciák, a technológia fejlődése, a változások kihívások elé állítják a szervezeteket. A meglévő humán erőforrás gazdálkodási rendszereket felül kell vizsgálni, vagy akár újakat kell létrehozni. A „hobbim a munkám, a munkám a hobbim”, tartja a mondás, de vajon hogyan lehet elérni, hogy bevonzzuk a potenciális munkaerőt és utána meg is tudjam tartani? A HR egyik lehetséges válasza erre a gamifikáció, azaz játékosítás. Az X, Y, és Z generációs munkavállalók jelentős különbségeket mutatnak elődeikhez képest, újszerű megoldásokra van szükség a hosszantartó, produktív és lojális munkakapcsolat, illetve elégedettség fenntartásához. A tanulmány célja feltárni a gamifikáció kialakulásának történetét, népszerűségének növekedését, és annak okait. A játékosítás módszereinek ismertetését követően hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalmak alapján mutatja be a játékosítás alkalmazási területeit. A kutatási eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy a jól alkalmazott játékosítás hatékony megoldást lehet az egészségmegőrzés, az oktatás, a tanulás, a motiváció, az üzleti élet, a marketing és a humán erőforrás gazdálkodás területein egyaránt.
A PÉNZÜGYI KULTÚRA ÉS TUDATOSSÁG MEGHATÁROZÁSA ÉS MAGYARORSZÁGI HELYZETE
Authors: Szóka Károly
Published: January 2022

A mai modern társadalmunkban a gazdasági, pénzügyi ügyek kezelésének képessége egyre fontosabbá válik. Ez igaz a befektetési és banki szakemberekre, de igaz mindenkire, akinek felelős döntéseket kell hoznia a mindennapok során, így már a fiatal felnőttekre is. A jó döntés meghozásnak képességét általában gazdasági kompetenciának, gazdasági műveltségnek vagy pénzügyi kultúrának nevezik. A pénzügyi kultúra meghatározásával és mérésével már régóta foglalkoznak magán, üzleti és állami intézmények és szervezetek, nemzeti és nemzetközi szinten is. Magyarországon is elindult már a pénzügyi edukáció, különböző szektorokban, különböző szereplőkkel. Az oktatásnak és a nevelésnek elvitathatatlan a szerepe ebben, meglátásom szerint, minél kisebb korban indítjuk ezt, annál eredményesebb. A tanulmányban áttekintjük a pénzügyi kultúra fogalomkörének lehetséges meghatározását, a magyarországi helyzetet és a fejlesztési utat
The Role of Acid Concentration on Band Gap Shrinkage in Cellulose Nanocrystals Fabricated from Water Hyacinth
Authors:   Department of Physical Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Kenya, Adem Jack A , Agumba John O ,   Department of Physical Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Kenya, Barasa Godfrey O ,   Department of Physical Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Kenya, Ochung Angeline A ,   Department of Physical Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Kenya
Published: January 2022

In this study, the fingerprint of the acid concentration during the hydrolysis process on the optical band gap of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been systematically studied. The CNCs have been prepared using hydrochloric acid at a hydrolysis temperature of 50°C and at a constant hydrolysis time of 4 hours but with varying hydrochloric cid concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%. The crystalline structure and phase identification of the CNCs have been studied using XRD technique. UV-Vis Spectroscopy has been done and the optical band gap energy calculated by performing the Tauc’s plot. From the study, the grain size has been found to decrease with acid concentration while the band gap energy has been found to increase with increasing acid concentration. Further, the optical band gaps of the CNCs have been found to decrease with the increase in crystallite size. This shrinkage of the band gap has been attributed to the increased impurity concentration leading to the narrowing of the band gap due to the emerging of the impurity band formed by the overlapped impurity states
Estimating Dam Reservoir Level Change of Istanbul Alibey Dam with The Fuzzy SMRGT Method
Authors: ER Enes Erkan , ÜNEŞ Fatih , TAŞAR Bestami
Published: January 2022

Accurate estimation of the dam reservoir level in a dam reservoir is very important for the planning and operation of water structures. In this study, monthly dam reservoir level data between 1989 and 2020 obtained from the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) was used to estimate the monthly dam reservoir level change. For the monthly dam reservoir level estimation, it has been tried to be estimated using the Simple Membership Functionsand Fuzzy Rules Generation Technique (Fuzzy-SMRGT), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the classical Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) methods. Alibey Dam located in Sultangazi district of Istanbul was chosen as the study area. The monthly evaporation, water entering into the lake, consumption of drinking water and amount of water discharged from the dam amounts were used to estimate the monthly Alibey Dam reservoir average dam reservoir level. The model results were compared with the actual observation dam reservoir levels. When the results were evaluated, it was observed that the models were successful in estimating the dam reservoir level and gave results close to each other
Is Science Effectively Conveyed to the Public? A Case Study of Genetically Modified Mosquito Release
Authors: Vemuri Kailash , Vemuri N. Murti , Munukutla Sita
Published: January 2022

Science is the driving force behind the advancement of society making public engagement with science vital. With the rapid pace of scientific discoveries, the availability of well-balanced scientific information is possibly the most important it has ever been. This study aims to determine the effectiveness with which scientific information is disseminated to the public. This was done by conducting a survey in which people were given three articles to read about the release of genetically modified mosquitoes. These three articles were adapted from local news coverage, government authorities, and peer-reviewed scientific literature. Survey participants were queried on their relative preferences for these articles. Additionally, the top 100 hits on Google for the search item “Florida mosquito release” were analyzed to assess the availability of the scientific information preferred by survey respondents. The results of this study showed that the public seeks quality, balanced scientific literature but that these types of articles aren’t easily accessible. Articles that prioritize getting clicks are more prevalent than those that present balanced scientific research.
Habit of Consumption of Tea, Coffee and Fe Tablets With The Incidence of Anemia In Pregnant Women in Sidoarjo
Authors: Nugroho Riezky Faisal , Wardani Erika Martining
Published: January 2022

Salah satu perubahan fisiologis wanita saat hamil adalah perubahan pada sistem sirkulasi darah. Gangguan eritrosit yang masih sering pada saat hamil yaitu anemia. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kebiasaan Konsumsi Teh, Kopi dan Tablet Fe Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil di Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini adalah analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian sebanyak 40 responden dengan sampel sebanyak 36 responden yang diperoleh dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah dengan kuesioner dengan google form. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diuji dengan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh hubungan antara kebiasaan Konsumsi teh (p = 0,000), kopi (p = 0,000), dan tablet Fe (p = 0,000) dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Sidoarjo. Perlu upaya preventif dengan secara berkala memeriksakan kehamilan ke petugas kesehatan guna mencegah terjadinya anemia pada ibu hamil.
Creating an environment that encourages both extensive and intense threaded dialogue The growth of discussion threads and the size of the class
Authors: Hilliard Susan , Ledger Madeline , Power Natasha
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate the beginning and development of asynchronous discussion threads in various class sizes over the course of 25 graduate-level courses and 22 interviews. The paper also aims to create some recommendations for promoting threaded discourse during the initiation, advancement, summary, and evaluation phases of a discussion thread from pedagogical, technological, and theoretical viewpoints. The statistical analysis revealed that class size did influence the number of threads and the length of threads created by students and instructors, which showed the importance of certain themes in the conversation. The majority of participants said that it was difficult to follow threaded conversations in order to establish meaningful cooperation in huge classrooms. Instructors and graduate students each expressed a preference as to whether they should begin or follow a conversation. Some pedagogical tactics were used by the instructors to facilitate the commencement and growth of discussion threads. This research may have consequences for both practitioners and academics in terms of developing new software features and designing efficient educational tactics in order to produce more successful comprehensive and intense knowledge-building discourse in the classroom.
A Case of Penile Urethral Diverticulum in a Male Crossbreed Kid
Authors: BELGE Ali , YAYGINGÜL Rahime , DERİNCEGÖZ Onur Özgün
Published: January 2022

A 19-day-old, male crossbreed kid with complications of difficulty in urination was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Aydin Adnan Menderes University. A purple thin-walled, fluid-filled structure was noticed on the ventral midline and was associated with the prepuce. The cystic structure was sharply incised, and the incision was extended from the most cranial to the most caudal extent of the dilatation. Penil urethral diverticuloctomy was performed by the guidance of the urethral catheter. Postoperative attempts at urination resulted in free-flowing streams, and the kid did not have strangury. Sutures and urethral catheter were removed 10 days after surgery.
THE INFLUENCE OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY ON ISLAMIC CULTURE AL-TAWHIDI IS A MODEL
Authors: ABBAS Nada Mousa
Published: January 2022

The East, with its ontological history, is full of religions, and the spirituality of the eastern mind is evident in its love for the literature of proverbs and wisdom that it was able to formulate, and its sanctification of the word is only due to its magical impact on himself; It is his consolation for his painful reality! It deals with its concepts and religious and worldly matters, and that he did not digest Greek philosophy until after the writers presented it with short sentences with wise meanings from the sayings of its philosophers! It is known that wisdom and proverbs are advice, guidance, advice and exhortation, expressing a subjective experience, length of contemplation and insight into life matters, and they often have moral dimensions and that they are suitable for all human societies in a time and place. The concept of culture is so complex that it includes all human aspects. Speaking about the impact of Greek culture on Arab culture or even the presence of multiple connections, it stems from the phenomenon of influence and influence. Greek philosophy was mixed with Islamic thought and culture in the Abbasid era in general, and Arabic literature in general. In particular, it became one of the tools of expression, and the Greek philosophical culture penetrated into the Arab culture (its terms, concepts and sayings of its philosophers) until it spread in its three types: pure philosophical culture, literary philosophy, and philosophical literature. Islamic Society As the names of Greek philosophers gained popularity among members of society in all its classes! The research focused on the issue of the impact of Muslim writers on the dissemination of Greek philosophical culture in the Abbasid era, taking from Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi (d. 414 AH / 1023 AD) as a model; Although al-Tawhidi was not unique in mixing literature with philosophy; But it is a typical example of the writers of the Abbasid era who were influenced by Greek philosophy and whose literary culture was mixed with Greek philosophy. Greek philosophy has spread among members of the Islamic community by publishing the wisdom, proverbs and sayings of Greek philosophers and scientists. The research was divided into three sections that dealt with the first topic: the relationship between literature and philosophy, while the second topic: the reasons for monotheistic influence on Greek philosophy, and the third topic: it follows the impact of Greek philosophy with the works of monotheism.
THE POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ON IRAQ'S ENTRY INTO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS IN 1932
Authors: JADER Ilham Mahmoud , GANNAWI Rawaa Sabahh
Published: January 2022

The Iraqi government signed with Britain a treaty in 1930 AD, which approved a bilateral alliance between them that includes all political, economic and military issues, which will be recognized after Iraq’s entry into the League of Nations. Iraq by entering the League and declaring his independence After the discussions, statements, and opinions that were presented at the meeting, the League's Mandates Committee announced on October 3, 1932, that Iraq had been accepted as a member of the League of Nations The independence of Iraq and its entry into the League of Nations is an important and pivotal issue, as Iraq became the first Arab country to get rid of the occupation, even though the independence was not complete because Britain sought to achieve this goal in exchange for a treaty that chained Iraq with many restrictions, including military and economic issues The United States of America has striven to develop its diplomatic relations with Iraq, given that Iraq was of strategic importance in the eyes of American policy planners. US to the level of an embassy in Baghdad The cultural relations between Iraq and the United States during the royal era developed significantly if compared to other fields, because it is considered the gateway to Iraq’s entry to the League of Nations, and for this reason the Iraqi government set up in 1930 a committee of experts to improve education and recommended the necessity of adopting the American approach to education, and this The Americans wanted to exploit it after they had a share in Iraq's oil, and thus exploiting all means in order to secure their interests, especially the means of education, because it is an effective means in creating a trend of educated elites tending to the United States of America. Key words: Political, Nations, Independence.
STRUCTURAL PATTERNS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE QURANIC SCENE، A READING IN THE PURPOSES OF SHARIA
Authors: ZOBAA Basim Rashid , RAHIM Osama Hamdan Abdullah
Published: January 2022

The Holy Qur’an is the Book of God Almighty، and He described it، Glory be to Him, with several descriptions, and He told about it that it is a book that needs contemplation that leads you to the goal of the intended verses, and you think about the verses، rather the wall، to come up with a conception of it. The event, rather, depicts it from its different angles, and that is the camera in the Holy Qur’an, as it paints for us a vivid scene that pulsates with life in which all the meanings of life are dialogues and embodiment of what is not in a body, a chemical substance or a physical space. The place is separate from the time, but the study of the scene is fragmented, with a metaphor here or a metaphor there, this kills the scene and takes it out of its beauty. For this reason, the choice was made to study the scene in the Holy Qur’an، in order to clarify the beauty of the Holy Qur’an that is not limited to the verbal only, but comes out in the word to what is embodied، reasonable and metaphysical. This research is based on an introduction in which I talked about the scene in language and terminology, then she added to talk about the role of some linguists in approximating the term scene. As for the requirements of the research, the first of them is devoted to the study of material examples, as the importance of the material aspect in nature in general is mentioned in it, and this is supported by texts from the Noble Qur’an. As for the second، it was to study the moral examples، so I talked about the abstract morals, which are the perceptions of the mind, which do not possess tangible or tangible entities, and I included them with some examples of what was mentioned in the Holy Qur’an as well. As for the third, it was to study the unseen examples, in which I dealt with talking about the unseen، which is everything that is absent from man, corroborating that with what was mentioned in the Holy Qur’an. Finally, I say: This is a humble work in its chapter whose goal is to serve the word of God Almighty.
THE CREATIVITY PATHWAYS‏ ‏IN CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT BOOK SYNECTICS STRATEGY AS A MODEL
Authors: ALZABOOT Sumaiah Eid
Published: January 2022

The research aimed to explore the pathways for developing ‎creativity‏ ‏through the use of synectics strategy‏. ‏The descriptive ‎approach was adopted, in the manner of content analysis, through ‎observation and induction.‎ The most significant finding is that synectics strategy is an ‎important‏ ‏in‏ ‏structional strategy‏ ‏for developing creativity‏ ‏because‏ ‏individuals of the study‏ ‏use‏ ‏the creative thinking skills while‏ ‏applying‏ ‏this strategy‏.‏ Based on the study findings, the recommendations indicated that ‎teachers should be more interested in implementing the synectics strategy ‎in delivering educational curricula because it has a crucial significance in ‎fostering creative thinking‎.‎
Generalized boundary value problem for a second order differential equation with fractional derivative
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Gadzova L.Kh.
Published: January 2022

A generalized boundary value problem for a second-order differential equation with a fractional derivative is solved. An explicit representation of the solution of the problem under study is constructed, a condition for unique solvability is found, and a uniqueness theorem for the solution is proved.
On solution uniqueness for Dezin problem analog for model parabolic hyperbolic type equation
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Kirzhinov R.A.
Published: January 2022

In this paper investigated a problem with Dezin type condition for parabolic-hyperbolic mixed type equation. It is established a criterion for solution uniqueness to the problem.
Mixed problem for the inhomogeneous Hallaire equation
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Makaova R.Kh.
Published: January 2022

A mixed boundary value problem is investigated for the inhomogeneous Hallaire equation. An explicit representation of the regular solution is found using the Fourier method.
Dirichlet problem for a second-order ordinary differential equation with a distributed differentiation operator
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Efendiev B.I.
Published: January 2022

For an ordinary second-order differential equation with an operator of continuously distributed differentiation with variable coefficients, a solution to the Dirichlet problem is constructed using the Green’s function method.
A locally one-dimensional scheme for a general parabolic equation describing microphysical processes in convective clouds
Authors:   Institute of Computer Science and Problems of Regional Management of the KBSC RAS, Ashabokov B.A. , Khibiev A.Kh. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Shkhanukov-Lafishev M.Kh. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS
Published: January 2022

A locally one-dimensional difference scheme for a general parabolic equation in a p-dimensional parallelepiped is considered. To describe microphysical processes in convective clouds, non-local (nonlinear) integral sources of a special type are included in the equation under consideration. An a priori estimate for the solution of a locally one-dimensional scheme is obtained and its convergence is proved.
REPRESENTASI KECANTIKAN DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES PADA VIDEO TUTORIAL MAKEUP BEAUTY VLOGGER TASYA FARASYA DI YOUTUBE)
Authors: Yuwita Nurma , Ayu Nurdiana
Published: January 2022

Persoalan yang dikaji dalam skripsi ini, yaitu: (1) bagaimana representasi kecantikan pada video tutorial make-up Beauty Vlogger Tasya Farasya di Youtube dengan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes? Untuk mengungkap masalah tersebut secara menyeluruh dan mendalam, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes. Peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif karena peneliti menafsirkan representasi kecantikan pada video tutorial tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa kecantikan adalah (1) ketika memakai foundation, (2)memakai concealer dibagian bawah mata, (3) memakai blush on pada pipi,(4) memakai bedak, (5)memakai highlight&contour pada bagian wajah,(6) memakai eye shadow dibagian mata, (7)memakai eye liner dibagial kelopak mata, (8)mengukir pensil alis dengan cantik, (9)memakai maskara pada bulumata, (10)mengoles lipstick pada bibir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini beberapa saran yang dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan antara lain: (1) Bagi masyarakat, Supaya lebih bijak dan lebih cermat berpikir bahwa terkadang tidak semua kata “cantik” itu harus memakai dengan make-up. (2) Bagi akademis, dapat menambah pengetahuan tentang makna-makna yang berkenaan video konten kecantikan  di youtube, agar lebih mudah memaknai makna cantik yang sesungguhnya.
The Infantile in the Psychoanalyst at Work
Authors: Guignard Florence
Published: January 2022

In order to define the Infantile and to examine its role in the analytic relationship, I considered this concept from both its developmental and structural status. I based my position on Freud’s view of a double Unconscious, together container of the repressed and drive source. I also used jointly both Freudian models of the psychic apparatus, that I do not consider as exclusive from each other, but as complementary, although not always easy to put together. This led me to consider the peculiarities of the criteria for the termination of the analyst’s personal analysis, and to try and describe the economic situation of repression in the psychoanalyst at work. By observing the impact of the Infantile-of-the-analysand upon the system PCS-CS of the psychoanalyst, I dealt with the odds and ends of the lack of representation and I tried to examine the situation and the future of the blind spots issued from such an impact.
A Brief Literature Review of Juvenile Statistics, A Comparative Analysis of Current Racial Differences Within the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Clingan Phillip D.
Published: January 2022

Youths under 18 years get trapped into the Juvenile Justice System after being suspected of committing a delinquent or criminal act. The United States tops in Juvenile arrests in the world. States like West Virginia, Alaska, Oregon, South Dakota, and Wyoming have the highest number of juveniles. However, an estimated 2.1 million youths under 18 years were arrested in the United States during a single year. This paper aims to address the current racial differences that exist within the criminal justice system. By addressing challenges like youths of color are more likely to be committed than white youths into the juvenile system will assist in curbing racial disparity. Statistics reveal that 42% of youths in the placement holdings are black youths, even though black youths make up for 16% of youths all over the United States. In California alone, African American juveniles take 27.5% while whites take up 15%.
Even though the system’s laws contain no racial bias, research shows that discrimination can occur where the system allows criminal justice officials discretion in handling offenders. Black youths take up for 15% of the total number of youths in the USA get they have the highest juvenile detentions of 42%, but it is difficult to deny these records since there is evidence like arrest and imprisonment records to back up this claim. The racial disparities exist from targeting the blacks, arrest, sentencing, imprisonment, and release. These actions promote discrimination among the black youths, and black youths are likely to get significant sentencing compared to whites for the same crimes committed. Different states in the United States have different racial disparities, California and Texas, blacks serve long sentences, unlike the whites.
There are various causes of racial disparities like; some black residences are known for crime, and they have huge offence rates, unequal access to resources, judicial decisions, and racial prejudice. After the research, it was evident that racial disparity exists, and it can only be corrected by looking at the root cause of the problem widely, which is discrimination. Race plays a significant role when it comes to juvenile detentions. Youths of color are four times more probable to be detained, unlike white youths. The research designed a method of tracking racial disparities via a hypothetical juvenile jurisdiction criminal justice system. The paper will extensively dive into juvenile population characteristics, juvenile justice system structure, law enforcement, juvenile crime, juveniles in court, juveniles on probation by the state, juveniles in the correction by the state and foreign nations, and an analysis of all the findings. The extensive research will be able to answer all the questions to the problem of racial disparity.
IKLIM MADRASAH
Authors: Husnial Pardi M. Habib
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini menjelaskan iklim madrasah, yakni faktor apa saja yang menumbuhkan  motivasi kerja guru di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Model Mataram, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Dengan menggunakan  pendekatan  kualitatif jenis studi kasus,  artikel ini menentukan informan dengan dua cara yaitu snowbolling sampling dan key person. Sementara itu, pengumpulan data  dilakukan dengan prinsip redundancy of data gathering melalui observasi partisipan (Participan Observation), wawancara mendalam (indepth interview),  dokumentasi, dan diskusi terfokus (Focus Group Disscusion). Sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui prosedur Cresswel,  yakni  memvaliditasi keakuratan informasi melalui sistem coding.  Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa iklim Madrasah  yang sehat ditandai dengan: kepemimpinan yang demokratis, terjalinnya komunikasi dan interaksi terbuka antar personal, dan penetapan tujuan organisasi melalui keputusan  bersama.  Hal-hal tersebut akan berdampak pada tumbuhnya motivasi kerja guru seperti  kedisiplinan yang tinggi, semangat kerja yang maksimal, dan memiliki sikap kompetisi yang sehat.  Dengan demikian, motivasi kerja guru akan berdampak pada peningktan mutu pendidikan di Madrasah.
Tucatinib (Tukysa)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: January 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses tucatinib (Tukysa), 50 mg and 150 mg tablets, orally.
Tucatinib in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, including patients with brain metastases, who have received prior treatment with trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine separately or in combination.
Amino acid profile and scores of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in northwest zone, Nigeria
Authors: Dangambo Maryam Abdulkadir , Alhassan Adamu Jibrin , Kano Atiku Muhammad , Abubakar Hafiz , Muhammad Zinat Suleiman
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Amino acids composition of local and regional dietary proteins determines the protein quality. The study was aimed at evaluating amino acid profiles of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in Jigawa (JG), Kano (KN) and Katsina (KT) States, Northwest Zone-Nigeria. Methods: The selected prepared diets (four per state) include; JG Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMW SWKS), JG Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMY SWKS), JG Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (JG Danwake SWGOP), JG Moimoi, KN Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMW SWKS), KN Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMY SWKS), KN rice and beans served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Rice and Beans SWGOP), KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Danwake SWGOP), KT Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMW SWKS), KT Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMY SWKS), KT Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KT Danwake SWGOP) and KT Dambu. The preparations were dried and grounded into powdered form and analyzed using standard methods. Results: The amino acid profile of the diets consumed in the three states show higher content of total non-essential amino acids (NEAA) compared with essential amino acids (EAA). The amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score by WHO/FAO/UNU (2007), may support the normal growth of all age groups except lysine. The limiting amino acid score was found to be either lysine or SAA (cysteine + methionine) in all the 3 states’ diets. Histidine was found to have the highest score in all the diets except in JG Moimoi and KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (SWGOP) respectively. The low levels of lysine and SAA in some of the diets may be due to low contents of these amino acids in the ingredients used. Conclusion: This study showed that, the amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score established by WHO/FAO/UNU may support the normal growth of infants, children as well as adults except lysine.

Keywords: traditional diets, amino acids, amino acid profile, amino acid score.
PERSPECTIVA SOCIOECONÓMICA DE LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Magallanes Méndez María del Carmen , Juárez Toledo Werther , Juárez Toledo Raúl
Published: January 2022

El presente ensayo muestra una perspectiva de la problemática por la que atraviesa la educación en México, desde una perspectiva socioeconómica, considerando que la educación es sin duda la mejor palanca del Desarrollo para las personas y para las distintas naciones, sin embargo, existen factores de índole socioeconómico, que han puesto límites al desarrollo de la educación en México, por lo que es necesario, replantear el quehacer de los gobiernos, los ciudadanos y la cooperación internacional, si se quiere que los niveles educativos aumenten y con ello mejorar la calidad de vida de la población. Se debe considerar que en México, las limitaciones históricas han incidido directamente para que la educación no alcanzará los niveles de desarrollo deseado, no obstante de que en la última década (2010 – 2020) y ante exigencias internacionales, se han tenido avances en cobertura, inversión pública y resultados de evaluaciones, sin embargo, siguen siendo insuficientes, por lo anterior es necesario cuestionarse ¿por qué el país no crece en materia educativa en comparación con otras regiones del mundo? y por otro lado, ¿de qué depende que los países sean tan desiguales en la materia? El presente estudio arroja una arista de la problemática por la que atraviesa la educación en México, con base en fenómenos como: pobreza y desigualdad. Con lo que se pretende tratar de entender los retos que hay que superar para alcanzar el tan anhelado desarrollo.
Assessing the value meteorological ensembles add to dispersion modelling using hypothetical releases
Authors: Leadbetter Susan J. , Jones Andrew R. , Hort Matthew C.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric dispersion model output is frequently used to provide advice to decision makers, for example, about the likely location of volcanic ash erupted from a volcano or the location of deposits of radioactive material released during a nuclear accident. Increasingly, scientists and decision makers are requesting information on the uncertainty of these dispersion model predictions. One source of uncertainty is in the meteorology used to drive the dispersion model, and in this study ensemble meteorology from the Met Office ensemble prediction system is used to provide meteorological uncertainty to dispersion model predictions. Two hypothetical scenarios, one volcanological and one radiological, are repeated every 12 h over a period of 4 months. The scenarios are simulated using ensemble meteorology and deterministic forecast meteorology and compared to output from simulations using analysis meteorology using the Brier skill score. Adopting the practice commonly used in evaluating numerical weather prediction (NWP) models where observations are sparse or non-existent, we consider output from simulations using analysis NWP data to be truth. The results show that on average the ensemble simulations perform better than the deterministic simulations, although not all individual ensemble simulations outperform their deterministic counterpart. The results also show that greater skill scores are achieved by the ensemble simulation for later time steps rather than earlier time steps. In addition there is a greater increase in skill score over time for deposition than for air concentration. For the volcanic ash scenarios it is shown that the performance of the ensemble at one flight level can be different to that at a different flight level; e.g. a negative skill score might be obtained for FL350-550 and a positive skill score for FL200-350. This study does not take into account any source term uncertainty, but it does take the first steps towards demonstrating the value of ensemble dispersion model predictions.
Multi-year, spatially extensive, watershed-scale synoptic stream chemistry and water quality conditions for six permafrost-underlain Arctic watersheds
Authors: Shogren Arial J. , Zarnetske Jay P. , Abbott Benjamin W. , Bratsman Samuel , Brown Brian , Carey Michael P. , Fulweber Randy , Greaves Heather E. , Haines Emma , Iannucci Frances , Koch Joshua C. , Medvedeff Alexander , O'Donnell Jonathan A. , Patch Leika , Poulin Brett A. , Williamson Tanner J. , Bowden William B.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Repeated sampling of spatially distributed river
chemistry can be used to assess the location, scale, and persistence of
carbon and nutrient contributions to watershed exports. Here, we provide a
comprehensive set of water chemistry measurements and ecohydrological
metrics describing the biogeochemical conditions of permafrost-affected
Arctic watersheds. These data were collected in watershed-wide synoptic
campaigns in six stream networks across northern Alaska. Three watersheds
are associated with the Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research site at Toolik
Field Station (TFS), which were sampled seasonally each June and August from
2016 to 2018. Three watersheds were associated with the National Park
Service (NPS) of Alaska and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and were
sampled annually from 2015 to 2019. Extensive water chemistry
characterization included carbon species, dissolved nutrients, and major
ions. The objective of the sampling designs and data acquisition was to
characterize terrestrial–aquatic linkages and processing of material in
stream networks. The data allow estimation of novel ecohydrological metrics
that describe the dominant location, scale, and overall persistence of
ecosystem processes in continuous permafrost. These metrics are (1)
subcatchment leverage, (2) variance collapse, and (3) spatial persistence.
Raw data are available at the National Park Service Integrated Resource Management Applications portal (O'Donnell et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SBK2DZ) and within the Environmental Data Initiative (Abbott, 2021, https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/258a44fb9055163dd4dd4371b9dce945).
Implications of variations in stream specific conductivity for estimating baseflow using chemical mass balance and calibrated hydrograph techniques
Authors: Cartwright Ian
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Baseflow to rivers comprises regional groundwater and lower-salinity intermediate water stores such as interflow, soil water, and bank return
flows. Chemical mass balance (CMB) calculations based on the specific
conductivity (SC) of rivers potentially estimate the groundwater contribution to baseflow. This study discusses the application of the CMB
approach in rivers from south-eastern Australia and assesses the feasibility of calibrating recursive digital filters (RDFs) and sliding minima (SM)
techniques based on streamflow data to estimate groundwater inflows. The
common strategy of assigning the SC of groundwater inflows based on the
highest annual river SC may not always be valid due to the persistent
presence of lower-salinity intermediate waters. Rather, using the river SC from low-flow periods during drought years may be more realistic. If that is
the case, the estimated groundwater inflows may be lower than expected,
which has implications for assessing contaminant transport and the impacts
of near-river groundwater extraction. Probably due to long-term variations
in the proportion of groundwater in baseflow, the RDF and SM techniques
cannot generally be calibrated using the CMB results to estimate annual
baseflow proportions. Thus, it is not possible to extend the estimates of
groundwater inflows using those methods, although in some catchments
reasonable estimates of groundwater inflows can be made from annual
streamflows. Short-term variations in the composition of baseflow also lead to baseflow estimates made using the CMB method being far more irregular than expected. This study illustrates that estimating baseflow, especially
groundwater inflows, is not straightforward.
Choosing between post-processing precipitation forecasts or chaining several uncertainty quantification tools in hydrological forecasting systems
Authors: Valdez Emixi Sthefany , Anctil François , Ramos Maria-Helena
Published: January 2022

Abstract. This study aims to decipher the interactions of a precipitation post-processor and several other tools for uncertainty quantification implemented in a hydrometeorological forecasting chain. We make use of four hydrometeorological forecasting systems that differ by how uncertainties are estimated and propagated. They consider the following sources of uncertainty: system A, forcing, system B, forcing and initial conditions, system C, forcing and model structure, and system D, forcing, initial conditions, and model structure. For each system's configuration, we investigate the reliability and accuracy of post-processed precipitation forecasts in order to evaluate their ability to improve streamflow forecasts for up to 7 d of forecast horizon. The evaluation is carried out across 30 catchments in the province of Quebec (Canada) and over the 2011–2016 period. Results are compared using a multicriteria approach, and the analysis is performed as a function of lead time and catchment size. The results indicate that the precipitation post-processor resulted in large improvements in the quality of forecasts with regard to the raw precipitation forecasts. This was especially the case when evaluating relative bias and reliability. However, its effectiveness in terms of improving the quality of hydrological forecasts varied according to the configuration of the forecasting system, the forecast attribute, the forecast lead time, and the catchment size. The combination of the precipitation post-processor and the quantification of uncertainty from initial conditions showed the best results. When all sources of uncertainty were quantified, the contribution of the precipitation post-processor to provide better streamflow forecasts was not remarkable, and in some cases, it even deteriorated the overall performance of the hydrometeorological forecasting system. Our study provides an in-depth investigation of how improvements brought by a precipitation post-processor to the quality of the inputs to a hydrological forecasting model can be cancelled along the forecasting chain, depending on how the hydrometeorological forecasting system is configured and on how the other sources of hydrological forecasting uncertainty (initial conditions and model structure) are considered and accounted for. This has implications for the choices users might make when designing new or enhancing existing hydrometeorological ensemble forecasting systems.
Investigating digital sustainability: A retrospective bibliometric analysis of literature leading to future research directions
Authors: Sharma Gagan Deep , Reppas Dimitrios , Muschert Glenn , Pereira Vijay
Published: January 2022

This paper provides a bibliometric analysis of the digital sustainability literature from four angles: economics, management/business, information systems/IT, and sociology/communication. The core contribution is to map the development of the literature in digital sustainability over time and across various clusters. Through VOSviewer analysis, we identify the main keywords used by the literature; the countries from which most of the literature is emerging; the most influential authors working in the field; and, their impacts by observing their citations and networks. Moreover, through CitNetExplorer analysis, we track the development of the field over time, i.e., identify key publications and divide those into clusters. The analysis finds a much more developed coverage of digital sustainability in the scholarship of management/business and therefore reveals a clear need for greater exploration of the sociological and economic aspects of digital sustainability. We argue that more robust collaboration patterns should be established among all four considered disciplines to achieve progress in digital sustainability. We envisage that digital sustainability as a field of study will mature as publications and ideas will become consolidated. Such integration strengthens the evolution of the field and topics across all four considered disciplines.
Kualitas Pelayanan Staf Front Office Hotel Di Bali
Authors: Kusumarini Indah
Published: January 2022

This reseach was conducted by using the theory of service quality dimensions from Zeithaml-Parasuraman-Berry (1996). Data obtained by distributing 100 questionnaires to Japanese tourists on August 2019. The variable created refers to the role of the front office clerk from Bagiono (2012). Based on SPSS calculations, the accuracy of this research model is 73% at an error rate of 5%. From the results of data processing it is known that the average value of the service quality of front office staff at star hotels in Bali is 4.11 (good). But there are still indicators that are not good, that is, an indicator of Japanese language ability, with an average value of 3.23. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis of 31 variables, found 7 factors forming the quality of front office staff services,  1) responsiveness with a value (13,916), 2) empathy (2,355), 3) reliability (1,513), 4) tangible (1,486) , 5) assurance (1.29), 6) friendly (1,220), and 7) communication (1,140).  The biggest factor influencing the satisfaction of Japanese tourists towards the quality of front office staff services is the responsiveness factor while the lowest factor is the communication factor.