bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New synthesis method for urazine and dissolution-crystallization of its Ag(i)-based laser energetic coordination polymers
Authors: Wang Ting-wei , Zhang Lu , Yi Zhen-xin , Cao Wen-li , Dong Wen-shuai , Zhu Shun-guan , Zhang Jian-guo
Published: March 2022

Design and synthesize urazine (H2ur) and [Ag(H2ur)NO3]n(5). The dissolution–crystallization process of 5 was captured online. The physicochemical properties, hot-stimulation tests and laser performance tests showed that 5 had good explosiveness.
A theoretical library of N1s core binding energies of polynitrogen molecules and ions in the gas phase
Authors: Du Xinzhe , Wang Sheng-Yu , Wei Minrui , Zhang Jun-Rong , Ge Guoyan , Hua Weijie
Published: March 2022

A theoretical library of N1s core binding energies was constructed at the BP86-ΔKS level for ∼70 common polynitrogen molecules and ions as building blocks of high energy-density compounds.
Pressure dependence of superconductivity in alkali-Bi compounds KBi2 and RbBi2
Authors: Li Huan , Ikeda Mitsuki , Suzuki Ai , Taguchi Tomoya , Zhang Yanting , Goto Hidenori , Eguchi Ritsuko , Liao Yen-Fa , Ishii Hirofumi , Kubozono Yoshihiro
Published: March 2022

The structural and superconducting properties of alkali-Bi-based compounds, KBi2 and RbBi2, were investigated over a wide pressure range for the first time.
Photoinduced water–chromophore electron transfer causes formation of guanosine photodamage
Authors: Janicki Mikołaj J. , Szabla Rafał , Šponer Jiří , Góra Robert W.
Published: March 2022

UV-induced photolysis of aqueous guanine nucleosides produces 8-oxo-guanine and Fapy-guanine, which can induce various types of cellular malfunction.
Synthesis, structure, and properties of palladium(ii) complex of α-formyl pyrrolyl dipyrromethene
Authors: Panchavarnam Sabari , Sengupta Rima , Ravikanth Mangalampalli
Published: March 2022

A simple α-formyl pyrrolyl dipyrromethene ligand was synthesized by deboronation of a BF2 complex of α-formyl pyrrolyl dipyrrin under Lewis acid catalyzed conditions.
Photoactivatable bis(thiosemicarbazone) derivatives for copper-64 radiotracer synthesis
Authors: Earley Daniel F. , Esteban Flores Jose , Guillou Amaury , Holland Jason P.
Published: March 2022

In recent years, copper-64 and copper-67 have been considered as a useful theranostic pair in nuclear medicine. Here, we report a photochemically-mediated approach for radiolabelling biologically relevant protein with copper radionuclides.
High water adsorption features of graphene oxide: potential of graphene oxide-based desert plantation
Authors: Islam Md. Saidul , Yagyu Junya , Sekine Yoshihiro , Sawa Shinichiro , Hayami Shinya
Published: March 2022

Graphene oxide (GO) can adsorb water molecules in humidified/water conditions through its oxygenated functional groups. This interesting property of GO has been employed to grow tomato plants in limited water-supply conditions.
Inclusion complexes of triblock L35 copolymer and hydroxyl propyl cyclodextrins: a physico-chemical study
Authors: Calvino Martina Maria , Lazzara Giuseppe , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Milioto Stefana
Published: March 2022

Polypseudorotaxanes based on triblock L35 copolymer and hydroxyl propyl-modified cyclodextrins (HP-α-CD and HP-β-CD) have been characterized. Their physico-chemical properties have been correlated to the threading process.
Hydrogen evolution reaction mechanism on Ti3C2 MXene revealed by in situ/operando Raman spectroelectrochemistry
Authors: Johnson Denis , Lai Hao-En , Hansen Kyle , Balbuena Perla B. , Djire Abdoulaye
Published: March 2022

We provide a detailed understanding of the HER mechanism of Ti3C2 MXene by revealing the origin of the high overpotential exhibited by the material using in situ/operando Raman spectroelectrochemistry and density functional theory calculations.
Palladium-catalyzed cascade Heck-type cyclization and reductive aminocarbonylation for the synthesis of functionalized amides
Authors: Xu Ren-Rui , Wen Dan , Qi Xinxin , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: March 2022

A palladium-catalyzed Heck/carbonylative cyclization process has been explored for the synthesis of functionalized amides.
Nickel–salen as a model for bifunctional OER/UOR electrocatalysts: pyrolysis temperature–electrochemical activity interconnection
Authors: Li Li , Wang Lu , Peng Xu , Tao Shi , Zeng Ming-Hua
Published: March 2022

The Nickel-Salen precursor was pyrolyzed to Ni/NiOx nanostructure OER/UOR electrocatalysts, where the process was tracked by TG-MS technology detecting small-molecule fragments.
Base-mediated unprecedented tandem cyclization reaction of nitrilimines and sulfur ylides: facile approaches to multifunctionalized pyrazolines
Authors: Wang Chaofan , Fang Ling , Zhang Lingling , Wang Ya , Gao Fang , Wang Zhiyong
Published: March 2022

The unprecedented tandem cyclization reaction of in situ generated α-keto-stabilised sulfur ylides serving as two-carbon synthons is reported.
A facile strategy to in situ synthesize metal oxide/conductive polymer hybrid electrodes for supercapacitors
Authors: Li Ruofan , Gao Nan , Wang Chen , Ding Guoxin , Wang Yunpeng , Ma Haitao
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we have proposed a novel strategy to combine electrochemical anodization and electropolymerization for the in situ preparation of metal oxide/conductive polymer hybrid electrodes in supercapacitors.
Key to intimately coupling metal chalcogenides with a carbon nanonetwork for potassium-ion storage
Authors: Zhang Weicai , Xie Zhuohao , Lan Chaowen , Yang Yinghan , Zheng Mingtao , Hu Hang , Xiao Yong , Liu Yingliang , Liang Yeru
Published: March 2022

An interfacial engineering strategy is proposed to intimately couple metal chalcogenides with multidimensional carbon nanonetworks, which significantly improves their potassium-ion storage performances and electrochemical kinetic properties.
Bioinspired NiFe–gallate metal–organic frameworks for highly efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis
Authors: Fang Min , Gao Xutao , Liang Jing , Guo Biao , Zou Lie , Lu Jun , Gao Yan , Tse Edmund C. M. , Liu Jinxuan
Published: March 2022

A bioinspired NiFe-gallate was synthesized on carbon paper. It exhibits superior OER performance with an overpotential of 185 mV at 10 mA cm–2.
Distinct phosphorylation signals drive acceptor versus free ubiquitin chain targeting by parkin
Authors: Dunkerley Karen M. , Rintala-Dempsey Anne C. , Salzano Giulia , Tadayon Roya , Hadi Dania , Barber Kathryn R. , Walden Helen , Shaw Gary S.
Published: March 2022

The RBR E3 ligase parkin is recruited to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) during oxidative stress where it becomes activated and ubiquitinates numerous proteins. Parkin activation involves binding of a phosphorylated ubiquitin (pUb), followed by phosphorylation of the Ubl domain in parkin, both mediated by the OMM kinase, PINK1. How an OMM protein is selected for ubiquitination is unclear. Parkin targeted OMM proteins have little structural or sequence similarity, with the commonality between substrates being proximity to the OMM. Here, we used chimeric proteins, tagged with ubiquitin (Ub), to evaluate parkin ubiquitination of mitochondrial acceptor proteins pre-ligated to Ub. We find that pUb tethered to the mitochondrial target proteins, Miro1 or CISD1, is necessary for parkin recruitment and essential for target protein ubiquitination. Surprisingly, phosphorylation of parkin is not necessary for the ubiquitination of either Miro1 or CISD1. Thus, parkin lacking its Ubl domain efficiently ubiquitinates a substrate tethered to pUb. Instead, phosphorylated parkin appears to stimulate free Ub chain formation. We also demonstrate that parkin ubiquitination of pUb-tethered substrates occurs on the substrate, rather than the pUb modification. We propose divergent parkin mechanisms whereby parkin-mediated ubiquitination of acceptor proteins is driven by binding to pre-existing pUb on the OMM protein and subsequent parkin phosphorylation triggers free Ub chain formation. This finding accounts for the broad spectrum of OMM proteins ubiquitinated by parkin and has implications on target design for therapeutics.
On Perspective Taking in Conversation and in Research: A Comment on Bambara et al. (2021)
Authors: Beechey Timothy
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this letter is to draw attention to recent literature regarding the communication abilities and experiences of Autistic people and the potential for detrimental effects on mental health and service provision resulting from behavior modification programs. I will argue that viewing Autistic communication as characterized by pragmatic language impairment is inconsistent with evidence of effective and positive communication between Autistic people and with the social model of disability.

Conclusion:

Proposals for interventions targeting Autistic people should carefully weigh the costs and benefits for Autistic people and should integrate the perspectives of Autistic people.
3D RMHD simulations of jet-wind interactions in high-mass X-ray binaries
Authors: López-Miralles J. , Perucho M. , Martí J. M. , Migliari S. , Bosch-Ramon V.
Published: March 2022

Context. Relativistic jets are ubiquitous in the Universe. In microquasars, especially in high-mass X-ray binaries, the interaction of jets with the strong winds driven by the massive and hot companion star in the vicinity of the compact object is fundamental for understanding the jet dynamics, nonthermal emission, and long-term stability. However, the role of the jet magnetic field in this process is unclear. In particular, it is still debated whether the magnetic field favors jet collimation or triggers more instabilities that can jeopardize the jet evolution outside the binary.

Aims. We study the dynamical role of weak and moderate to strong toroidal magnetic fields during the first several hundred seconds of jet propagation through the stellar wind, focusing on the magnetized flow dynamics and the mechanisms of energy conversion.

Methods. We developed the code Lóstrego v1.0, a new 3D relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code to simulate astrophysical plasmas in Cartesian coordinates. Using this tool, we performed the first 3D relativistic magnetohydrodynamics numerical simulations of relativistic magnetized jets propagating through the clumpy stellar wind in a high-mass X-ray binary. To highlight the effect of the magnetic field in the jet dynamics, we compared the results of our analysis with those of previous hydrodynamical simulations.

Results. The overall morphology and dynamics of weakly magnetized jet models is similar to previous hydrodynamical simulations, where the jet head generates a strong shock in the ambient medium and the initial overpressure with respect to the stellar wind drives one or more recollimation shocks. On the timescales of our simulations (i.e., t < 200 s), these jets are ballistic and seem to be more stable against internal instabilities than jets with the same power in the absence of fields. However, moderate to strong toroidal magnetic fields favor the development of current-driven instabilities and the disruption of the jet within the binary. A detailed analysis of the energy distribution in the relativistic outflow and the ambient medium reveals that magnetic and internal energies can both contribute to the effective acceleration of the jet. Moreover, we verified that the jet feedback into the ambient medium is highly dependent on the jet energy distribution at injection, where hotter, more diluted and/or more magnetized jets are more efficient. This was anticipated by feedback studies in the case of jets in active galaxies.
First detection of metric emission from a solar surge
Authors: Alissandrakis C. E. , Patsourakos S. , Nindos A. , Bouratzis C. , Hillaris A.
Published: March 2022

We report the first detection of metric radio emission from a surge, observed with the Nançay Radioheliograph (NRH), STEREO, and other instruments. The emission was observed during the late phase of the M9 complex event SOL2010-02-012T11:25:00, described in a previous publication. It was associated with a secondary energy release, also observed in STEREO 304 Å images, and there was no detectable soft X-ray emission. The triangulation of the STEREO images allowed for the identification of the surge with NRH sources near the central meridian. The radio emission of the surge occurred in two phases and consisted of two sources, one located near the base of the surge, apparently at or near the site of energy release, and another in the upper part of the surge; these were best visible in the frequency range of 445.0 to about 300 MHz, whereas a spectral component of a different nature was observed at lower frequencies. Sub-second time variations were detected in both sources during both phases, with a 0.2–0.3 s delay of the upper source with respect to the lower, suggesting superluminal velocities. This effect can be explained if the emission of the upper source was due to scattering of radiation from the source at the base of the surge. In addition, the radio emission showed signs of pulsations and spikes. We discuss possible emission mechanisms for the slow time variability component of the lower radio source. Gyrosynchrotron emission reproduced the characteristics of the observed total intensity spectrum at the start of the second phase of the event fairly well, but failed to reproduce the high degree of the observed circular polarization or the spectra at other instances. On the other hand, type IV-like plasma emission from the fundamental could explain the high polarization and the fine structure in the dynamic spectrum; moreover, it gives projected radio source positions on the plane of the sky, as seen from STEREO-A, near the base of the surge. Taking all the properties into consideration, we suggest that type IV-like plasma emission with a low-intensity gyrosynchrotron component is the most plausible mechanism.
Wespe statt Biene – Akzidentelle Neusensibilisierung auf Wespengift unter Immuntherapie mit Bienengift
Authors: Bircher Andreas J. , Spoerl David , Scherer Hofmeier Kathrin
Published: March 2022

Während einer laufenden Immuntherapie mit Bienengift bei einer auf Bienengift monosensibilisierten Patientin wurde im 3. Jahr irrtümlicherweise eine Erhaltungsdosis Wespengift verabreicht. Es traten keine unmittelbaren Nebenwirkungen auf, hingegen konnte nach einigen Wochen ein Anstieg der initial negativen wespengiftspezifischen IgE- und IgG-Antikörper dokumentiert werden. Es muss somit von einer aktiven Sensibilisierung durch die hohe Einmaldosis Wespengift ausgegangen werden. Die Immuntherapie mit Bienengift konnte nach der empfohlenen Dauer von 5 Jahren vollendet werden. Eine akzidentelle nachweislich aktive Sensibilisierung auf ein Allergen ist sehr selten, dürfte aber einen Verstoß gegen die Pflichten aus dem Behandlungsvertrag darstellen und möglicherweise sogar den Tatbestand der Körperverletzung erfüllen. Die permanente Schädigung kann rechtlich schwerer wiegen als ein einmaliger Dosierungsfehler. Die strikte Anwendung von Leitlinienempfehlungen ist zur Vermeidung von systematischen und menschlichen Fehlern unabdingbar.
Das therapeutische Potenzial von Picrorhiza kurroa bei der
Behandlung von Lebererkrankungen
Authors: Magiera Anna
Published: March 2022

Die Wirksamkeit von Naturstoffen hinsichtlich einer leberschützenden
Aktivität wurde in der Wissenschaftsliteratur bereits häufig
beschrieben. In letzter Zeit wächst in Europa das Interesse an
pflanzlichen Stoffen, deren therapeutische Wirksamkeit durch die
östliche Medizin (u. a. der ayurvedischen Medizin)
bestätigt wird. Ein Beispiel für eine aus der ayurvedischen
Medizin stammende Droge mit Heilpotenzial bei Lebererkrankungen ist die Wurzel
und das Rhizom von Picrorhiza kurroa (zur Familie der Scrophulariaceae
gehörend). Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist, den aktuellen
Wissensstand über diesen natürlichen Rohstoff, seine chemische
Zusammensetzung, das therapeutische Potenzial bei der Behandlung von
Leberbeschwerden, die Toxizität und die Anwendungssicherheit
zusammenzufassen.
Rhodium-Catalyzed C–H Activation of Indoles for the Construction of Spiroindole Scaffolds
Authors: Ma Biao , Dai Hui-Xiong , Wang Huiying , Wang Mengmeng
Published: March 2022

Spiroindoles are key scaffolds in a large number of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Selective C–H activation has emerged as a powerful synthetic approach to streamline the synthesis of substituted spiroindoles. To date, various 2- and 3-indolyl-tethered aza-spiro-centers have been successfully achieved via C–H activation. However, introduction of spiro-containing systems onto the benzenoid core of indole still remains challenging. Herein, a method of Rh(III)-catalyzed selective C7-H activation/cyclization of indole with maleimide to afford novel spiroindole derivatives is reported, which incorporate both succinimide and spirocycle into indole unit. Gram-scale synthesis demonstrates the utility of this protocol, further modification via click chemistry offered a novel scaffold as a versatile spiro linker.
Total Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of 7-O-Methylnigrosporolide and Pestalotioprolide D
Authors: Tadpetch Kwanruthai , Thiraporn Aticha , Iawsipo Panata
Published: March 2022

A convergent total synthesis of 7-O-methylnigrosporolide and pestalotioprolide D has been accomplished in 17 linear steps and overall yields of 1.7% and 2.6%, respectively, starting from (S)-propylene oxide and (S)-benzyl glycidyl ether. Our synthesis exploited an acetylide addition and a Shiina macrolactonization to assemble the macrocycle, a Lindlar reduction, and Wittig and Still–Gennari olefinations to construct the three alkene groups, as well as a Jacobsen hydrolytic kinetic resolution to install the stereogenic center. The selection of the silyl protecting group of the C-4 alcohol was crucial for the final deprotection step. Our synthesis also led to a hypothesis that pestalotioprolide D might be an artifact of 7-O-methylnigrosporolide. The cytotoxic activities of the two synthetic compounds against six human cancer cell lines were evaluated. Synthetic pestalotioprolide D showed more potent cytotoxic activity than 7-O-methylnigrosporolide against all the cancer cell lines tested, and the SiHa cervical cancer cell line was the most sensitive to both synthetic compounds.
Pd-Catalyzed N–H or C–H Functionalization/Oxidative Cyclization for the Efficient Synthesis of N-Aryl-Substituted [3,4]-Fused Pyrrolo­coumarins
Authors: Litinas Konstantinos E. , Balalas Thomas D. , Kanelli Maria G. , Gabriel Catherine , Pontiki Eleni , Hadjipavlou-Litina Dimitra J.
Published: March 2022

1-Aryl-2-methyl- or 3-methylchromeno[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-ones have been synthesized in excellent yields by the Pd-catalyzed intramolecular aza-Wacker-type cyclization of 3-allyl-4-arylaminocoumarins or C–H insertion/oxidative cyclization of N-allyl-N-aryl-4-aminocoumarins, respectively, in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 in acetic acid under heating. The starting allylcoumarins have been prepared by the allylation of 4-arylaminocoumarins with allyl bromide in CH3CN in the presence of Cs2CO3 at room temperature. Preliminary biological tests indicated interesting antioxidant activity and significant levels of inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase.
Synthesis of β-anti-Substituted α-Amino Acids through Iridium-Catalyzed Alkylation/Chelation-Controlled Nucleophilic Addition
Authors: Wang Xiaolei , Wang Panpan , Zhao Ruibo , Wang Jiaxiang
Published: March 2022

An Ir/Ag dual-catalysis method has been developed for the synthesis of β-anti-substituted α-amino acids in high yields and with good enantioselectivities through a ligand/chelation-control strategy. By using this chiral-ligand-control strategy, a natural product for the regulation of a plant-growth hormone was synthesized on a gram scale in three steps.
Photoredox One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Shou Jianxin , Feng Gaofeng , He Jing-Yao , Bai Qi-Fan , Li Xuewen
Published: March 2022

A photoredox one-pot strategy for efficient accessing 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones from anilines, oxalyl chloride, and electron-deficient alkenes is disclosed. The new approach features excellent synthetic efficiency, readily available starting materials, and simple operations. It is compatible with a variety of anilines and electron-deficient alkenes. A broad array of 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones were prepared.
Nonpharmacological Interventions for Pain in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Argueta-Figueroa Liliana , Flores-Mejía Luis Angel , Ávila-Curiel Beatriz Xóchitl , Flores-Ferreyra Blanca Irma , Torres-Rosas Rafael
Published: March 2022

This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of nonpharmacological therapies for painful temporomandibular joint disorders. The protocol was registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42020171364). The search was performed on the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials, and Web of Science. The eligibility criteria were randomized controlled trials in patients diagnosed with painful temporomandibular joint disorders comparing the pain relief between conventional treatment and nonpharmacological therapies such as acupuncture, physiotherapy, low-level laser, and massage. Fourteen articles were included in this review. At the overall bias of the studies included, 71.42% exhibited some concerns and 28.57% had high risk. The efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions was found to be moderate in the short term and variable in the long term for pain reduction in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. The evidence pointed out that acupuncture, laser therapy, and physiotherapy are potentially useful interventions for pain relief in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. However, there is a lack of consistency and short-term follow-up in the studies to determine the lasting of such effect.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Shhabat Zaid , Ghozlan Mo'ath , Kana'an Nadeem , Tashtoush Ashraf , Alelaimat Ayman , Saadeh Rami
Published: March 2022

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted the provision of dental treatment in a timely manner including orthodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to assess challenges encountered by patients undergoing orthodontic treatment during the pandemic and their attitude toward managing these challenges.

Material and Methods A cross-sectional sample of orthodontic patients at Prince Rashid Hospital in the north of Jordan was recruited to participate in a self-administered questionnaire that included questions related to orthodontic problems encountered during the lockdown, ways to overcome these problems, and concerns about their treatment.

Results A total of 120 patients participated, 40 males and 80 females. Most participants (n = 86) had a fixed orthodontic appliance, who reported various orthodontic problems (82%), but the most common problems reported were exposed wire endings and loosening of brackets. Likewise, the most commonly reported problem among those with removable appliances (n = 34) was a broken or loose appliance (60%). However, patients of both types of appliances ignored the problem and waited until the re-opening of dental offices. Further, most patients missed at least one appointment for different reasons and three-quarters of them (76.6%) did not communicate with their orthodontists during the lockdown. Patients expressed their disagreement with the closure of dental offices during the pandemic because of their concern of a prolonged waiting to receive another appointment.

Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on orthodontic care and the maintenance of appointments during the lockdown periods. Patients varied in ways they managed their orthodontic problems, including their commitment to communicate with the dentists or maintain their appointments. Hence, patients should be trained on how to manage the appliance problems when they need and encourage them to accept distant communication during the emergencies.
Role of Wrist Arthroscopy in Juvenile Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Ishwar Mahalakshmi , Lindau Tommy R. , Johnson Karl , Pidgeon Claire , Jester Andrea , Coles William , Oestreich Kerstin
Published: March 2022

Background and Purposes The wrist is the fourth most common joint to be involved in juvenile inflammatory arthritis (JIA), which is a common rheumatological condition affecting children. Wrist arthroscopy is well established in rheumatoid arthritis, but remains unexplored in JIA. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of wrist arthroscopy in JIA, with focus on those who are refractory to medical management.

Methods This is a prospective observational study, including consecutive patients with JIA undergoing arthroscopy between January 2016 and December 2020. Those over the age of 18 years and those with other rheumatological diagnoses were excluded. Data including pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables, demographics, and patient-reported outcomes were collated and are reported using standard measures.

Results A total of 15 patients underwent arthroscopy (n = 20 wrists). Synovitis was noted in all wrists on arthroscopy and synovectomy was performed in all cases. Other procedures were performed as indicated during the procedure. The median follow-up duration was 11.3 (interquartile range [IQR] 8.1–24.2) months. Median reduction of 4 (IQR 2.25–6) points on the Visual Analogue Score for pain on loading was noted postoperatively. Grip strength was improved in n = 11/20 wrists and functional improvement was noted in n = 18/20 wrists. Restriction of range of motion was achieved with a shrinkage procedure in patients with hypermobile joints. There were no postoperative complications, and no patients were lost to follow-up.

Conclusion In experienced hands, wrist arthroscopy is feasible, safe, and efficacious in the management of JIA, among patients who are refractory to medical management.

Level of Evidence This is a Level II study.
Midterm Outcomes in Lateral Unicompartment Knee Replacement: The Effect of Patient Age and Bearing Choice
Authors: Hartman Jeffrey , Dobransky Johanna , Dervin Geoffrey F.
Published: March 2022

Isolated lateral compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) affects between 7 and 10% of patients with knee OA. Although lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an accepted treatment to manage this condition, it is performed relatively infrequently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term survivorship, radiographic outcomes, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of consecutive isolated lateral UKAs performed by a single surgeon at an academic institution between September 2007 and December 2015. Our primary outcome was failure defined as revision surgery to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Secondary outcomes included any additional surgery for any other reason. Forty-nine consecutive patients (27 females) with median age of 54.7 years (45.2–82.2) met the inclusion criteria. The survival rate for the whole cohort was 86.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.2–99.0) at 10 years as defined by conversion to TKA. There were a total of four lateral UKAs (all mobile bearings) revised to TKAs. The entire cohort demonstrated statistically significant improvements from preoperative PROMs compared with the most recent postoperative PROMs including the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Tegner activity scale at a median 8.8 (1.7–12.2) years follow-up. Patients with mobile bearing underwent higher revision to TKA and reoperation for all indications compared with fixed-bearing lateral UKA. In this relatively young cohort, lateral UKA yielded acceptable long-term survival and satisfactory improvement in functional outcomes. Patients who had fixed-bearing implants had similar improvement and trended toward lower revision rates than those with mobile-bearing implants. Level III therapeutic: retrospective Study was performed.
A Computational Data Mining Strategy to Identify the Common Genetic Markers of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini , Arumugam Paramasivam
Published: March 2022

Statement of Problem Prosthodontic planning in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) is a challenge for the clinicians.

Purpose A differential biomarker identification could aid in developing methods for early detection and confirmation of TMD from other related conditions.

Materials and Methods The present study identified candidate genes with possible association with TMDs. The observational study delineates genes from three datasets retrieved from DisGeNET database. The convergence of datasets identifies potential genes related to TMDs with associated complication such as osteoarthritis. Gene ontology analysis was also performed to identify the potential pathways associated with the genes belonging to each of the datasets.

Results The preliminary analysis revealed vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 1 β (IL1B, and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) as the common genes associated with all three phenotypes assessed. The gene ontology analysis revealed functional pathways in which the genes of each dataset were clustered. The chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathway, cholecystokinin receptors (CCKR) signaling, and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway were the pathways most commonly associated with the phenotypes. The genes CCL2, IL6, and IL1B were found to be the common genes across temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and TMJ + osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) datasets.

Conclusion Analysis through computational approach has revealed IL1B as the crucial candidate gene which could have a strong association with bone disorders. Nevertheless, several immunological pathways have also identified numerous genes showing putative association with TMJ and other related diseases. These genes have to be further validated using experimental approaches to acquire clarity on the mechanisms related to the pathogenesis.
Chest-Wall Collateral Embolization to Reduce Surgical Blood Loss in Peripheral Aspergillomas
Authors: Goyal Ankur , Khan Imtiyaz Ahmad , Kumar Aditya , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Sharma Raju , Das Abanti , Bale Manjunath , Parshad Rajinder
Published: March 2022

Objectives The objective of this study was to present the procedural details and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings of perioperative chest-wall collateral embolization (PCCE) and compare intraoperative blood loss in patients of pulmonary aspergilloma (PA) undergoing lung resection with and without PCCE.

Materials and Methods Since November 2017, we have performed PCCE in 17 patients (14 males, three females, age 34.41 ± 12.85 years) before surgery for PA (embolization group). Retrospective evaluation of these patients was done, DSA findings were noted, and perioperative parameters (surgical approach, extent of resection, operative time, blood loss, blood transfusion, morbidity grade, and length of post-operative stay) were compared with a comparative cohort of 24 patients of PA (21 males, three females, mean age 36.13 ± 12.58 years) who underwent thoracic surgery without PCCE (May 2013–November 2017) (control group) using the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results A total of 55 arteries were embolized in 17 patients (mean 3.23 arteries per patient). Technical success could be achieved in all patients without any procedure-related complications. The most common arteries embolized were posterior intercostal arteries (29) followed by costocervical trunk (10), superior thoracic (8), lateral thoracic (5), and internal thoracic arteries (3). The mean blood loss was significantly lower in the embolization group compared with the control group (676.47 vs. 1,264.58 mL, p = 0.015). Within the embolization group, patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery had even lower blood loss compared with open surgery cases (466 vs. 887.50 mL, p-value = 0.046).

Conclusion PCCE is a simple and safe procedure, useful in reducing intra-operative blood loss in patients undergoing surgery for peripherally located PA.
The Use of Robotic-Arm Assistance in Complex Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Report of Three Challenging Cases
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Jacob Paul , Molloy Robert M. , Bloomfield Michael
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this case report was to demonstrate the utility, versatility, and efficacy of robotic-arm technology in complex primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) cases for acetabular bone loss, hip dysplasia, and post-traumatic arthritis with hardware. Preoperative computer templating allows precise and accurate acetabular and femoral stem positioning in cases that presented with significant native deformity and bone loss. Robotic-arm THA may be a viable option for complex primary cases to optimize implant positioning and mitigate postoperative instability and complications.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Ileus following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kijak Nicoletta A. , Ng Mitchell K. , Conway Charles A. , Vakharia Rushabh M. , Razi Afshin E. , Wong Che Hang Jason
Published: March 2022

Postoperative ileus (POI) is a feared complication following surgery. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare patient demographics between patients who developed and did not develop POI following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), (2) compare in-hospital lengths of stay (LOS), and (3) identify patient-related risk factors associated with developing POI after primary THA. Using the 100% Medicare Standard Analytical Files from the PearlDiver from 2005 to 2014, patients developing POI within 3 days following primary THA were identified as the study cohort, whereas patients not developing POI served as the comparison cohort. Primary endpoints of the study included comparing patient demographics, in-hospital LOS, and identifying patient-related risk factors. A multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify patient-related risk factors by calculating odds ratio (OR) for the risk of developing POI. A p-value less than 0.001 was considered to be statistically significant. The query yielded 335 patients (0.03%) who developed POI following their primary THA procedure. The study group was significantly different compared with controls with respect to age (p < 0.0001), sex (p < 0.0001), and prevalence of comorbid conditions. Patients who developed POI had longer in-hospital LOS (5 vs. 3 days, p < 0.0001). Risk factors associated with POI included electrolyte and fluid imbalance (OR: 3.06, p < 0.0001), male sex (OR: 2.86, p < 0.0001), and obesity (OR: 1.89, p < 0.0001). The study found significant differences among patients who did and did not develop POI following primary THA and several associated risk factors for the complication. Identification and adequate preoperative optimization of modifiable risk factors could potentially reduce the incidence of POI.
Post-Transplant Biliary Strictures: An Updated Review
Authors: Fasullo Matthew , Shah Tilak , Zhou Huiping , Siddiqui Mohammad S.
Published: March 2022

Liver transplantation (LT) is the only curative therapy in patients with end-stage liver disease with excellent long-term survival; however, LT recipients are at risk of significant complications. Among these complications are biliary complications with an incidence ranging from 5 to 32% and associated with significant post-LT morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management are critical as these complications have been associated with mortality rates up to 19% and retransplantation rates up to 13%. An important limitation of published studies is that a large proportion does not discriminate between anastomotic strictures and nonanastomotic strictures. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of risk factors and natural history, diagnostic testing, and treatment options for post-LT biliary strictures.
Late Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease: Definition and Implication on Core Outcomes
Authors: Tan Yew-Wei , Chacon Carmen Sofia , Geoghegan Niamh , Saxena Amulya , Clarke Simon , Haddad Munther , Choudhry Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Introduction Late diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (LDHD) may carry a poor prognosis. Its definition remains unclear and its implication on HD-related core outcomes has not been fully reported.

Methods A single-center 20-year series was reviewed to include HD with follow-up of 1 year or more post pull-through (PT) and aged 5 years or older. We investigated six core outcomes derived from NETS1HD study by comparing the groups dichotomized by four time points using age at diagnosis (44-week gestation, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years). Following establishment of definition of LDHD, the outcomes and complications were compared with timely diagnosis of HD (TDHD).

Results Forty-nine out of eighty-six HD were included. The definition of LDHD was found to be HD diagnosed at 1 year of age or later because 3/6 core outcomes were significantly worse than TDHD. Nine patients (18%) had LDHD—median age at diagnosis 42 months (12–89) and PT performed at 57 months (12–103), mostly Soave (73%); a covering stoma was performed in 7/9, significantly higher than TDHD in 10/40 (p = 0.001). LDHD was associated with increased unplanned surgery (78% vs. 30%, p = 0.019), fecal incontinence (100% vs. 62%, p = 0.01), and permanent stoma (33% vs. 5%, p = 0.037). Major complications (56% vs. 20%, p = 0.043) and redo PT (33% vs. 5%, p = 0.037) were also higher in LDHD.

Conclusion LDHD could be defined as HD diagnosis at or over 1 year of age. LDHD was associated with more preoperative stoma, major postoperative complications, unplanned reoperation, and worse HD-related core outcomes.
Cystic Artery Pseudoaneurysm with Concurrent Cholecystoduodenal Fistula—Endovascular Management and Review of Literature
Authors: Patidar Yashwant , Chandel Karamvir , Chatterjee Navojit , Tripathy Tara Prasad , Kumar Senthil
Published: March 2022

A rare complication of acute cholecystitis is a pseudoaneurysm of the cystic artery. We discuss a case of a 65-year-old man with synchronous cholecystoenteric fistula and cystic artery pseudoaneurysm managed by selective angioembolization of the cystic artery, followed by interval cholecystectomy.
Tuning of Curie temperature in Mn5Ge3 films
Authors: Xie Yufang , Birowska Magdalena , Funk Hannes Simon , Fischer Inga Anita , Schwarz Daniel , Schulze Jörg , Zeng Yu-Jia , Helm Manfred , Zhou Shengqiang , Prucnal Slawomir
Published: March 2022

We report a change in the structural and magnetic properties of epitaxial Mn5Ge3 on a Ge-on-Si (111) substrate by applying strain engineering through ms-range flash lamp annealing (FLA). X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that during FLA for 20 ms, the formation of nonmagnetic MnxGey secondary phases is suppressed, while the in-plane expansion of the lattice increases with increasing annealing temperature. Temperature-dependent magnetization results indicate that the Curie temperature of Mn5Ge3 rises from 287 K in the as-prepared sample to above 400 K after FLA, making Mn5Ge3 an attractive material for spintronics. Experimental results together with theoretical Monte Carlo simulations allow us to conclude that the expansion of the in-plane lattice causes the increase of the Curie temperature due to enhancement of the ferromagnetic interaction between Mn atoms.
Spin(11, 3), particles, and octonions
Authors: Krasnov Kirill
Published: March 2022

The fermionic fields of one generation of the Standard Model (SM), including the Lorentz spinor degrees of freedom, can be identified with components of a single real 64-dimensional semi-spinor representation S+ of the group Spin(11, 3). We describe an octonionic model for Spin(11, 3) in which the semi-spinor representation gets identified with S+=O⊗Õ, where O,Õ are the usual and split octonions, respectively. It is then well known that choosing a unit imaginary octonion u∈Im(O) equips O with a complex structure J. Similarly, choosing a unit imaginary split octonion ũ∈Im(Õ) equips Õ with a complex structure J̃, except that there are now two inequivalent complex structures, one parameterized by a choice of a timelike and the other of a spacelike unit ũ. In either case, the identification S+=O⊗Õ implies that there are two natural commuting complex structures J,J̃ on S+. Our main new observation is that the subgroup of Spin(11, 3) that commutes with both J,J̃ on S+ is the direct product Spin(6) × Spin(4) × Spin(1, 3) of the Pati–Salam and Lorentz groups, when ũ is chosen to be timelike. The splitting of S+ into eigenspaces of J corresponds to splitting into particles and anti-particles. The splitting of S+ into eigenspaces of J̃ corresponds to splitting of Lorentz Dirac spinors into two different chiralities. This provides an efficient bookkeeping in which particles are identified with components of such an elegant structure as O⊗Õ. We also study the simplest possible symmetry breaking scenario with the “Higgs” field taking values in the representation that corresponds to three-forms in R11,3. We show that this Higgs can be designed to transform as the bi-doublet of the left/right symmetric extension of the SM and thus breaks Spin(11, 3) down to the product of the SM, Lorentz, and U(1)B−L groups, with the last one remaining unbroken. This three-form Higgs field also produces the Dirac mass terms for all the particles.
Modeling charge separation in charged nanochannels for single-molecule electrometry
Authors: Enderlein Jörg , Sakhapov Damir , Gregor Ingo , Croci Matteo , Karedla Narain
Published: March 2022

We model the transport of electrically charged solute molecules by a laminar flow within a nanoslit microfluidic channel with electrostatic surface potential. We derive the governing convection–diffusion equation, solve it numerically, and compare it with a Taylor–Aris-like approximation, which gives excellent results for small Péclet numbers. We discuss our results in light of designing an assay that can measure simultaneously the hydrodynamic size and electric charge of single molecules by tracking their motion in such nanoslit channels with electrostatic surface potential.
Charge exchange spectroscopy using spatial heterodyne spectrometer in the large helical device
Authors: Arellano F. J. , Yoshinuma M. , Ida K.
Published: March 2022

In this study, the use of a spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) to measure the toroidal flow velocity (Vf) and the ion temperature (TC6+) of the C6+ impurity ion by charge exchange spectroscopy was explored. The instrumental width (IW) of the SHS (aperture size = 16.77 mm2, etendue = 2.9867 mm2sr) was extrapolated to be 0.09 nm, which is half of the 0.17 nm IW extrapolated for a conventionally used dispersive spectrometer (DS) (aperture size = 2.6 mm2, etendue = 0.2605 mm2sr). The resulting Vf and TC6+ measurements were found to be in good agreement with those measured using the DS.
A filter-based Raman spectrometer for non-invasive imaging of atmospheric water vapor
Authors: Kieft Trevor , Mashburn Carter , Borysow Jacek , Mazzoleni Claudio
Published: March 2022

A new instrument was designed and developed to map the spatial distribution of water vapor concentration in the atmosphere. The high spatial resolution, sensitivity, and accuracy of the instrument enable new studies of the role of turbulence on clouds and aerosols in small-scale laboratory environments. The instrument exploits Raman scattering in a multi-pass laser configuration by using a set of narrow bandpass filters and a pair of charge coupled device imaging cameras in the 90° scattering geometry. The absolute concentration of water vapor was inferred from measured ratios of H2O and N2 vibrational Raman transitions. We have measured the number densities of water molecules in the atmosphere as low as 3.5 × 1017 cm−3, with an accuracy better than 20% and as high as 7.0 × 1017 cm−3 during minutes long observations. These measurements were taken within an imaging region 6 cm in diameter, with a per-pixel resolution 2.60 mm wide by 0.16 mm tall and 1 mm deep.
Annular Poiseuille flow of Bingham fluids with wall slip
Authors: Gryparis Evgenios , Georgiou Georgios C.
Published: March 2022

We consider the annular Poiseuille flow of a Bingham fluid with wall slip. First, the analytical solution is derived for the case in which Navier-slip conditions are applied at the two cylinders. A sliding (pure plug) regime is observed below a critical pressure gradient, and a yielding regime is eventually encountered above another critical pressure gradient in which the material yields near the two walls and moves as a plug in a core region. An intermediate semi-sliding regime is observed when different slip laws apply at the two walls in which the material yields only near the wall corresponding to weaker slip and the unyielded plug slides along the other. Next, we consider the case where wall slip occurs above a critical wall shear stress, the slip yield stress, which is taken to be less than the yield stress, in agreement with experimental observations. In this case, a no-flow regime is observed below a critical pressure gradient, followed by the sliding and yielding regimes. The critical values of the pressure gradient defining the various flow regimes are determined, and the closed-form solutions are provided for all cases. These are compared with available theoretical and experimental results in the literature.
Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy During the First 50 Years of JPCRD
Authors: Ralchenko Yuri
Published: March 2022

Atomic spectroscopy and atomic physics papers represent a significant part of publications in Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD). Critical compilations of spectroscopic data, accurate calculations of collisional parameters, and bibliography on spectral line profiles and shifts provided much needed information for plasma physics, astrophysics, lithography, fusion research, and other fields of science. We present a brief overview of the atomic physics research published in JPCRD over its first 50 years.
Combined use of foliar zinc fertilisation, thiamethoxam and propiconazole does not reduce their effectiveness for enriching zinc in wheat grains and controlling insects and disease
Authors: Ram Hari , Singh Beant , Kaur Maninder , Gupta Neha , Kaur Jaspal , Singh Amandeep
Published: March 2022

Agronomic biofortification is possible through foliar zinc fertilisation around the earing and early milk stage of wheat. Farmers can be encouraged to apply foliar zinc fertilisation if there is yield enhancement or if it is compatible with other pesticides which are used during these stages to control aphid and stripe rust. To investigate the effectiveness of tank-mix applications of fertiliser and pesticide for enriching grain zinc and controlling the spread of aphid and stripe rust, studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural Univeristy, Ludhiana, India for 4 years (2017–18 to 2020–21). We tested tank-mixing of zinc (0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) + thiamethoxam 25 WG (50 g/ha), zinc + propiconazole (500 mL/ha) and zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole with one foliar application at the milk stage and two foliar applications at the flag leaf and milk stages. We did not find any adverse effect of tank-mix application of zinc sulfate, thiamethoxam and propiconazole on zinc enrichment in grains, nor in aphid and stripe rust control. The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively. We also found 5.74% increased grain yield with foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and 7.24% increased grain yield in foliar Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole. Better net returns in combining Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole were also recorded. The results advocate for the tank-mix application of Zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole for pest management and Zn biofortification.