bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rozumienie humoru przez osoby starsze i jego poznawcze uwarunkowania
Authors: Daniluk Beata , Borkowska Aneta
Published: April 2018

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in humor appreciation exhibited by people from various age groups. There are still few data on how aging affects the perception of humorous contents. The literature suggests that elderly people exhibit increasing difficulties in understanding jokes. The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the level of humorous content comprehension in people in early and late old age and to identify its determinants. The participants were 109 individuals with physiological aging, divided into two age groups: group < 70 y.o. and group ≥ 71 y.o. We used interview, Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Right Hemisphere Language Battery. In the Verbal Humor Appreciation test, older seniors gave significantly fewer correct answers than younger seniors. Women indicated more correct answers and fewer absurd ones than men. The ability to produce humor in old age is significantly predicted by the general state of mental functions and higher education. The scores on Verbal Humor Appreciation correlated with scores in Mini-Mental State Examination and with scores in the remaining tests on the RHLB battery. The ability to appreciate humorous contents appears to be dependent on age, gender, and the level of linguistic functions, conceptual thinking, sensitivity to prosodic elements, and discursive abilities. The results confirm the deterioration of processes significantly involving the right hemisphere with age.
Ocena demokracji i jej wybrane uwarunkowania w kontekście wyborów samorządowych w 2014 roku w Polsce
Authors: Klamut Ryszard , Kantor Agata
Published: April 2018

The local elections that were held in November 2014 stirred up considerable controversy in Po-land. The article is an attempt to describe how Poles evaluated the overall functioning of democ-racy in the context of these elections and what determinants significantly contributed to that evaluation. We examined three levels of democracy evaluation: general beliefs (Jost’s system justification), the current state of democracy (Dahl’s democratic institutions), and specific events connected with the functioning of the democratic system (the quality of the elections and the level of trust in the elected representatives). We also tested the extent to which these levels of democracy evaluation were explained by sociopolitical determinants, such as the general level of trust in people, patriotism and nationalism, or the experience of security. The study was conducted shortly after the second round of the election on a sample of 524 subjects. The obtained results show a low quality of democracy (particularly on the level of general beliefs and trust in the newly elected authorities) and reveal associations between aspects of evaluation and the investigated determinants.
Emergência de sementes de genótipos de feijão-caupi submetidas a níveis de água disponível no solo
Authors: Lima Décio Carvalho , Souza Tarso Moreno Alves de , Sousa Tassio Almeida Alves de , Oliveira Odair Honorato de , Souto Lauter Silva , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva
Published: April 2018

Na semeadura da cultura do feijão-caupi, fatores adversos como o estresse hídrico podem prejudicar o estabelecimento do estande. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a emergência de sementes de duas genótipos de feijão-caupi sob a influência de diferentes níveis de água disponível no solo. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de túnel plástico na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Pombal, (PB), adotando-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com os tratamentos distribuídos em arranjo fatorial 4 x 2, correspondentes a quatro níveis de água disponível (40; 60; 80 e 100%) e dois genótipos de feijão-caupi (BRS Pujante e Costela de Vaca), com três repetições. Foram avaliados: Primeira contagem de emergência, Índice de velocidade de emergência e Porcentagem de emergência. Os níveis de água disponível no solo de 40 e 60% de água disponível (AD) são limitantes na fase inicial de desenvolvimento do feijão-caupi, reduzindo à emergência de ambas as genótipos estudadas. O nível de 80% de água disponível no solo é satisfatório à emergência das plantas de feijão-caupi, independente da variedade. A variedade Costela de Vaca obteve maiores percentagens de emergência e maior vigor sob condições de estresse hídrico que a variedade BRS Pujante.
Índice de qualidade do solo em cultivo agroecológico e convencional no semiárido potiguar, Brasil
Authors: Santiago Fábio Dos Santos , Montenegro Suzana Maria Gico Lima , Pinheiro Maria Rafaela De Almeida
Published: April 2018

O uso e manejo inadequado em sistemas de cultivo na região semiárida podem declinar a capacidade do solo em sustentar a produção. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar o índice de qualidade do solo (IQS) em unidades experimentais agrícolas (UEA) irrigadas agroecológica e convencional, localizadas na comunidade de Sombras Grandes, Caraúbas, Rio Grande do Norte. As amostras simples de solo (0-20cm) foram coletadas no período de 2009 a 2012. Para determinar o IQS, utilizaram-se 11 indicadores de qualidade associados às funções do solo em manter a capacidade produtiva ao longo do tempo: densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (PT), resistência à penetração (RP), disponibilidade de água no solo (AD/PT), retenção de umidade a -33 kPa (UVcc/PT), pH, fósforo assimilável (P), capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC), saturação de bases (V), matéria orgânica do solo (MOS), argila dispersa em água (ADA) e grau de floculação (GF). O IQS nas UEAs agroecológica e convencional foram classificados como ótimo (0,80) e ruim (0,45), respectivamente. Na UEA convencional há necessidade de práticas agrícolas como aporte de resíduos orgânicos que melhorem o GF, pois foi o indicador que mais contribuiu para reduzir o IQS. O IQS reflete a integração dos atributos químicos e físicos, podendo ser utilizado nas tomadas de decisão sobre o uso e manejo do solo.
Depopulacja aglomeracji wałbrzyskiej
Authors: Długosz Mateusz
Published: April 2018

Po przemianach ustrojowych Polski w latach 90. XX w., w aglomeracji wałbrzyskiej nastąpił kryzys lokalnej gospodarki, opartej dotąd głównie na górnictwie węgla kamiennego, który przyczynił się do ubytku ludności. Depopulacja ta zapoczątkowana w 1994 r., zachodzi obecnie w głównej mierze wskutek ubytku naturalnego i ujemnego salda migracji. Z analizowanego obszaru wyjeżdżają głównie ludzie młodzi, powodując zwiększenie udziału osób starszych w strukturze populacji i prowadząc do pogłębiania się procesu starzenia się ludności.
Polityka mieszkaniowa jako narzędzie ograniczania depopulacji: wybrane instrumenty stosowane w polskich miastach
Authors: Krystek-Kucewicz Bogumiła , Kaszuba Krzysztof
Published: April 2018

Depopulacja to zjawisko coraz silniej widoczne w polskich miastach. Motywacją osób opuszczających na stałe rodzinne miasto jest dążenie do poprawy warunków życia i pracy. Znaczna grupa osób deklaruje jednak, że zrezygnowałaby z wyjazdu, gdyby w mieście odnalazła możliwość zatrudnienia, odpowiednie warunki mieszkaniowe oraz ofertę spędzania czasu wolnego. Władze miasta mogą w istotnym stopniu realizować te oczekiwania w ramach prowadzonej polityki mieszkaniowej. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie tych instrumentów miejskiej polityki mieszkaniowej, które są stosowane, aby ograniczyć zjawisko depopulacji. Przedstawiono m.in. najczęściej wykorzystywane instrumenty, jak również nowatorskie rozwiązania, które są próbą indywidualnego podejścia do problemów charakterystycznych dla wybranych miast.
Sprawozdanie z konferencji „The Nordic Geographers Meeting”, Sztokholm 18–21 czerwca 2017
Authors: Wójcik Marcin
Published: April 2018

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Profesor Jan Rajman (1935–2017) – wybitny geograf i wspaniały człowiek
Authors: Kwiatek-Sołtys Agnieszka
Published: April 2018

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Kadınlarda sakral nöromodulasyonun etkinliği ve yaşam kalitesine etkisi
Authors: TONYALI Şenol , HABERAL Hakan Bahadır , BİLEN Cenk Yücel , ERGEN Ali
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Kadın hastalarda sakral
nöromodülasyon (SNM) işleminin etkinliğini ve sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesi
üzerine etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastanesinde 1999-2016
tarihleri arasında SNM işlemi yapılan hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak
değerlendirildi. SNM işlemi başarılı olan ve kalıcı pil yerleştirilen kadın
hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hem SNM hastalarına hem de kontrol grubuna Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
(BFLUTS) anketinin Türkçe geçerliliği yapılmış şekli uygulandı ve BFLUTS’un
skorlanmış formuna uyarlandı.

Bulgular: SNM işlemi uygulanan toplam hasta
sayısı 35 idi. Bu hastalar içinden testi başarılı olan ve kalıcı pil
yerleştirilen toplam 19 kadın hastaya anket formu gönderildi ve ankete cevap
veren 9 kadın çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kontrol grubunu 18 kadın hasta oluşturdu.
SNM hastalarının ortalama yaşı 46.7±12.8 yıl iken kontrol grubunun ortalama
yaşı 44.2±8.2 yıl olup gruplar arasında yaş açısından anlamlı farklılık
bulunmamakta idi ( p= 0.544). Dolum ve işeme semptomları SNM hasta grubunda
daha sık gözlenirken inkontinans semptomları SNM hastaları ve kontrol grubunda
benzerdi. SNM hastalarının seksüel fonksiyonlarında kontrol grubundakilere göre
bir kötüleşme saptanmadı. SNM hastalarının yaşam kaliteleri kontrol grubuna
göre anlamlı olarak azalmış bulundu.

Sonuç: SNM işlemi alt üriner sistem
disfonksiyonu (AÜSD) olan hastalarda tercih edilebilecek bir tedavi yöntemidir.
SNM işlemi geçiren kadın hastaların idrar kaçırma durumları ve seksüel
fonksiyonları aynı yaş grubundaki erişkinler ile benzerlik göstermektedir.
Zoledronik asit uygulamasının meme kanseri hücre hattı (mcf 7) kanser kök hücrelerinin üzerine otofaji gen seviyesindeki etkilerinin araştırılması
Authors: OLTULU Fatih , UYSAL Ayşegül , ROUHRAZİ Hadi , KILIÇ Kubilay Doğan , ÇALIK KOCATÜRK Duygu , ÖKTEM Gülperi
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Zoledronik asit (ZA) uygulanmış meme kanser kök hücrelerinde (KKH),
kanser kök hücresi ve otofaji ile ilişkili gen ekspresyonlarındaki
farklılıkları incelemek.

Gereç ve Yöntem: CD44yüksek/CD24yüksek
yüzey belirteçleri pozitif olan MCF-7 meme kanseri hücre hattından KKH’ler akış
sitometri metodu ile izole edilmiştir. ZA tedavisi uygulanmış ve uygulanmamış
olan KKH gruplarının toplam RNA izolasyonu için cDNA sentezlenmiştir. Son
olarak 41 adet otofaji için başlıca ilişkili olabilecek genlerin ekspresyon
seviyeleri qRT-PCR analizi ile incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: ZA tedavisi uygulanan grup tedavi
uygulanmayan grup ile karşılaştırıldığında TGM2, TNF, HSPA8 genlerinin azalmış
regüle olduğu ve HSP90AA1 geninin artmış regüle olduğu görülmüştür.

Sonuç: Otofaji ile ilişkili genlerin ekspresyon profillerinde ZA tedavisi
uygulanan ve uygulanmayan gruplar arasında anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Bu
bulgular, KKH’lerine karşı hedef olabilecek daha etkili tedavi ajanları
geliştirilebilmesi için önemli katkılar sağlayabilir.
Kronik tip a aort diseksiyonunun cerrahi tedavisi: Erken dönem sonuçlar
Authors: ERTUGAY Serkan , APAYDIN Anıl , BAYSAL Bora
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Akut tip A aort diseksiyonlarının yaklaşık %10’u, semptomların olmaması veya tanı konulamamasına bağlı olarak kronikleşmektedir. Bu hastalarda klinik gidiş, cerrahi strateji ve sonuçlar farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç kronik tip A aort diseksiyonu nedeniyle opere edilen hastaların erken dönem sonuçlarını analiz etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 2001-2014 yılları arasında, kronik tip A aort diseksiyonu nedeniyle ameliyat edilen toplam 41 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Bu hastaların 28’ i erkek (%68) ve yaş ortalaması 55.9±13 yıl idi. Hastaların öyküsünde en sık saptanan risk faktörleri hipertansiyon (%65), koroner arter hastalığı (%22) idi. Tüm hastaların 13 tanesinde (%31.7) geçirilmiş aort veya diğer kardiyak cerrahi öyküsü mevcuttu. Cerrahi insizyon olarak hastaların çoğunda (%95) median sternotomi uygulandı. Bulgular: Cerrahi teknik olarak 20 hastaya basit tüp greft replasmanı, 15 hastada aort kökü kondüit greft replasmanı, 6 hastada total arkus replasmanı uygulandı. Beyin koruma stratejisi olarak derin hipotermik sirkülatuar arrest (%82.9), ve antegrad serebral perfüzyon (%17.1) uygulandı. Tüm hastalarda saptanan ortalama kardiyopulmoner by-pass süresi 210.1±67 dk, miyokard iskemi süresi ise 116.3±43 dk olarak saptandı. Ortalama serebral iskemi süresi 27.6±9 dakika olarak bulundu. Postoperatif 3 hastada reeksplorasyon gerektiren kanama, 5 hastada uzamış mekanik ventilatör desteği gerekmiştir. Hastaların ortalama yoğun bakım kalış süresi 4.1±5 gün iken hastanede kalış süresi 9.8±8 gün olarak bulundu. Bir hastada multipl embolilere bağlı kalıcı strok gelişti. Mortalite bir hastada (%2) görülmüş olup bu hastada ölüm nedeni embolik strok olarak kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç: Kronik tip A aort diseksiyonlu hastaların cerrahi tedavisinde düşük mortalite oranı uygun strateji ile sağlanabilir. Strok en önemli mortalite nedeni olarak göze çarpmaktadır.
Ventriküler destek cihazı takılan son dönem kalp yetmezliği hastalarında obezite ile artmış postoperatif komplikasyon gelişim riskinin ilişkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Pelin , DEMİR Emre
Published: April 2018

Amaç:
Ventriküler
destek cihazı (VDC) uygulanan son dönem kalp yetmezliği (SDKY) olgularında obezite
ile postoperatif komplikasyon sıklığı ilişkisinin incelenmesi.Gereç
ve Yöntem: Kliniğimizde
SDKY tanısı ile devamlı akım sağlayan VDC implantasyonu uygulanan 373 hastanın
kayıtları retrospektif olarak taranmıştır. Çalışmaya taranan komplikasyonlara
yatkınlık yaratacak kontrolsüz metabolik hastalığı bulunmayan ve en az üç ay
süreli takibi olan 167 olgu dahil edilmiştir. Demografik özelliklerin yanında
uygulanan VDC tipi, son kontroldeki vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), vücut yüzey
alanı (VYA) değerleri ile postoperatif major komplikasyonlardan yara yeri
enfeksiyonu, pompa trombozu, gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) kanaması ve
serebrovasküler olay (SVO) gelişimleri her olgu için kayıtlanmıştır. Hastaların
VKİ ve VYA değerleri ile taranan komplikasyonların görülme sıklıkları
istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular:
Yirmisi
(%12) kadın, toplam 167 olgunun yaş ortalaması 53.3±13.1 (12–74) yıldı.
Olguların 91’inde (%54.5) dilate, geri kalanlarda ise iskemik kardiyomiyopati
tanısı mevcut olup, 117’sinde (%70.1) HeartWare, 24’ünde (%14.4) HeartMate-2 ve
26’sında (%15.6) HeartMate-3 cihazı implante edilmiştir. Postoperatif ortalama
26.1±18.2 aydaki son kontrolde ölçülen VKİ ve VYA ortalaması 27.7±4.3 ve
1.97±0.20 m2 idi. Tüm grupta yara yeri enfeksiyonu, pompa trombozu,
GİS kanaması ve SVO sıklıkları sırasıyla %22.8, %21.0, %15.0 ve %15.6 olarak
bulundu. Daha yüksek VKİ’li olgularda pompa trombozu ve GİS kanaması görülme
sıklığının arttığı (p=0.047 ve p=0.018), daha yüksek VYA olgularında da GİS
kanaması görülme riskinin yükseldiği saptandı (p=0.016). Ayrıca obezlerde GİS
kanaması ve SVO riskinin yüksek olduğu bulundu (p=0.012 ve p=0.040).

Sonuç:
Kalp
naklinde mortalite için ciddi risk faktörü olduğu bilinen obezite,
transplantasyona köprüleme amaçlı VDC implantasyonu kararında da hasta
seçiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken bir durumdur.
Endoplazmik retikulum-aracılı protein yıkım yolağında görev yapan p97/VCP ve Ufd1-Npl4 adlı proteinlerin NF-κB yolağına etkisinin prostat kanser hücre hattında incelenmesi
Authors: BALLAR KIRMIZIBAYRAK Petek , ERBAYKENT TEPEDELEN Burcu
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, endoplazmik retikulum-aracılı yıkım yolağındaki
retrotranslokasyon basamağının anahtar proteini olan p97/VCP ve etkileşim
partnerleri olan Ufd1 ve Npl4 proteinlerinin NF-κB yolağı üzerine etkileri
prostat kanser hücre hattında incelendi.

Gereç ve
Yöntem: p97/VCP, Ufd1 ve Npl4 ifadeleri RNA interferans RNAi
(RNA interferans) teknolojisi ile LNCAP hücrelerinde susturuldu ve NF-κB
aktivitesi ikili lusiferaz yöntemi ile NF-κB yolağı proteinlerinin ifadesi ise
immünoblotlama ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: p97/VCP, Ufd1 ve Npl4 ifadelerinin susturulması LNCaP hücrelerinde NF-κB
aktivitesini anlamlı olarak azaltmış ve IκBα protein seviyesini arttırırken
fosforile NF-κB ve fosforile IκBα seviyelerini azaltmıştır.

Sonuç: Retrotranslokasyon kompleks üyelerinin susturulması ile LNCaP
hücrelerinde NF-κB aktivitesinin azalmasının NF-κB inhibitörü olan IκBα
seviyesinin artmasına bağlı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bulgularımız p97/VCP ve
etkileşim partnerleri Ufd1-Npl4 proteinlerinin prostat kanserinde NF-κB
yolağının düzenlenmesinde önemli bir etken olabileceğini önermektedir.
ZNF304 gen ifadesinde artış ve CXCR4’de azalma ile prostat kanserinde anoikis değişebilir
Authors: AYLA Şule , ÖKTEM Gülperi , PARLAYAN Cüneyd
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Prostat kanser hücre hattı (DU145) ve prostat normal epitel hücre hatları (RWPE) arasında anoikis mekanizmasını arttıracak veya inhibe edebilecek genlerin analizini yapmak ve kanser gelişiminde olası rolünü incelemek.Gereç ve Yöntem: İnsan prostat epitel hücre hattı (RWPE) ve prostat kanseri hücre hatları (DU-145) Amerikan Tip Kültür Koleksiyonu (ATCC)’den temin edildi. Hücre hatlarının çoğaltılmasında ve sürdürülmesinde RPMI 1640 (Biological Industries) besi ortamı kullanıldı. Transkriptom analizi için RNA izolasyonu yapılarak, kütüphane oluşturuldu, kütüphanenin kantitasyonunun ardından NextSeq500 (illumina) ile sekanslama yapıldı. Dizileme, haritalandırma, bağıl gen ifadeleri ölçümleri gibi biyoinformatik analizler Genomics Workbench v 8 (Qiagen) yazılımı kullanılarak GRCh38 referans sekansı ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: RWPE Normal prostat epitel hücre kültürleri ile DU145 prostat kanser hücreleri karşılaştırıldığı zaman DU-145 prostat kanser hücre kültürlerinde, ZNF304, PYCARD ve Notch3 gen expresyonlarında anlamlı bir artış (p<0,05) görülürken, CXCR4, Pak3, SerpınB1 gen ekspresyonlarında anlamlı bir azalma (p<0,05) görülmüştür.Sonuç: DU145 prostat kanseri hücre hattında anoikis ile ilişkili önemli gen ekpresyonlarında artış ve azalma gözlemledik. Değişime bağlı olarak hücrelerin anoikisden kaçarak metastatik özellik kazanabileceğini düşündük.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with lower limb amputation
Authors: DOĞAN ASLAN Meryem , ÇULHA Canan , YANIKOĞLU İnci , ÜNSAL MALAS Fevziye , GÜNTEPE Şenay , ÖZGİRGİN Neşe
Published: April 2018

Aim: Lower limb loss affects an individual’s ability to stand, transfer, and ambulate. The aim of this study is to assess clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with lower limb amputation.Materials and Methods: Our study is a retrospective cohort study. 836 patients with lower limb amputation applied to our hospital between January 2012 and May 2013 were included in this study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were reviewed and saved from patient’s folder. Descriptive variables were shown as mean±standard deviation(min–max). And categorical variables were shown as the number of cases (n%).SPSS software Version 15.0 was used in the evaluation of the data.Results: The mean age of total 836 lower limb amputees was 36.12±11.69 years (9-78). The percentage of unilateral amputation was 770(92.3%) and bilateral lower limb amputation was 59(7.1%). According to the level of amputation, 456(54.5%) of the patients had unilateral above-knee, 236(28.3%) had unilateral below-knee amputation. For etiology, we found that 373(44.6%) of them were traffic accidents, 103(12.5%) occupational accidents. The majority of patients 456(54.5%) were ambulated microprocessor-controlled above-knee prosthesis and then below-knee prosthesis with active vacuum system 224(26.7%).Conclusion: Although trauma is recognized to be the most common cause of amputation among applying amputees, we think that those amputees do not reflect the general profile in our country but that it is instructive with regard to the features of amputees. This data is important for the community rehabilitation of amputees and the development of new prosthetics.
PLASTİK ATIKLARDAN KARBON NANOTÜP (CNT) ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÖZKAN Aysun , YAPICI Ece , GÜNKAYA Zerrin , BANAR Müfide
Published: April 2018

Plastikler günlük yaşantıda ve endüstriyel üretimde her alanda yoğun bir
şekilde kullanılmaktadır. İhtiyaçları karşılamak için kullanılan plastiklerin
çoğu kısa sürede atığa dönüştüğü için plastik atık miktarı da oldukça fazla
olmaktadır. Mevcut durumda bir kısmı geri dönüştürülen, yakılan ya da depolanan
plastiklerin hem çevresel hem de sağlık açısından yarattığı olumsuzlukları
azaltmak adına bu atıkları ürüne dönüştürebilecek alternatif yöntemler araştırılmalı
ve uygulanmalıdır. Bu noktadan hareketle, bu çalışmada plastik atıkların
değerli bir malzeme olan karbon nanotüp (CNT) üretiminde kullanımı ele
alınmıştır. Plastik atıklarla ilgili mevcut veriler, uygulama alanları
değerlendirilmiş, CNT üretimi ile ilgili kısa bir bilgi verilmiş ve bu proseste
karbon kaynağı olarak plastik türlerinin kullanımı irdelenmiştir.
Effects of herbal medicine components on the physical properties of trial denture adhesives
Authors: Nakai Kenichiro , Maeda Takeshi , Hong Guang , Kurogi Tadafumi , Okazaki Joji
Published: April 2018

Background: Denture adhesive is widely used in elderly people who wear complete dentures. Chinese herbal medicine has long been used for the treatment of oral disease. The addition of herbal medicine to denture adhesive might be used to develop an adhesive which is effective for xerostomia patients. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate physical properties and cytototoxicity of herbal medicine components in denture adhesive. Methods: This study used a combination of 35wt% PVM-MA, 20wt% CMC, 40wt% white petrolatum and 5wt% liquid paraffin as base materials. Three kinds of herbal medicine components: Maimendong (Ophiopogon), Fuling (Hoelen) and Dongkuizi (Cluster mallow seed) were added to base materials of 1wt%, 5wt% and 10wt%. The initial viscosity was measured using a controlled-stress rheometer (AR-G2). The adhesive strength was quantified according to ISO-10873 recommended procedures. All data was analyzed independently by one-way Anova combined with a Turkey’s multiple comparison test at a 5% level of significance. Results: Significant differences were observed between materials in initial viscosity (p < 0.05). Specifically, samples containing 5wt% and 10wt% of Maimendong (Ophiopogon) showed higher values compared with the control samples. The larger the amounts of herbal medicine components, the greater the changes in the adhesive strength of denture adhesives over time. The denture adhesives containing herbal medicine components do not have a cytotoxic effect and are safe for use in actual clinical practice. Conclusion: The study showed that the addition of herbal medicine components does not affect physical properties (i.e. initial viscosity and adhesive strength) of denture adhesive and cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells.
Composite resin shear bond strength on bleached dentin increased by 35% sodium ascorbate application
Authors: Nugraheni Tunjung , Nuryono N , Sunarintyas Siti , Mulyawati Ema
Published: April 2018

Background: Restoration of the teeth immediately after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is contraindicated due to the remnant of free radicals that will stay inside enamel and dentin for 1-3 weeks and reduce the adhesion of composite resin. Sodium ascorbate is an antioxidant substance known to bind free radical residues, thereby shortening the delay in restoration. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the resin bond strength of bleached dentin influenced by the application of 35% sodium ascorbate. Methods: Nine premolars were divided into their crown and root sections, with the crown subsequently being cut into four equal parts to obtain 36 samples. These were then divided into four groups, each containing nine samples. Group A (control): samples were bleached using35% hydrogen peroxide, immersed in an artificial saliva, stored in an incubator at 37°C for seven days and then filled with a composite resin. Group B:samples were also bleached by means of 35% H2O2 followed by one application of 0.025 ml 35% sodium ascorbate for 5 minutes and restored with composite resin. Group C: samples were bleached with 35% H2O2, followed by two applications of 0.025 ml 35% sodium ascorbate for 5 minutes, and restored with a composite resin. Group D: dentin was bleached with 35% H2O2 followed by three applications of 0.025 ml sodium ascorbate 35% for 5 minutes and restored with a composite resin. The shear bond strength of the composite resin was measured by a universal testing instrument (Zwick, USA). Data was analyzed by means of one-way Anova and LSD. Results: The highest mean shear bond strength of composite resin was in group C, while the lowest was in group B. The result of one-way Anova indicated a difference in the shear bond strength of composite resin in the four treatment groups (p < 0.05). An LSD test showed there to be a difference in shear bond strength of composite resin between group A and groups C and D or between group B and groups C and D. There was no difference in shear bond strength of composite resin between group A and group B or between group C and group D. Conclusion: Application frequency of 35% sodium ascorbate affect on shear bond strength of composite resin restoration in bleached dentin by 35% H2O2.
Antioxidant potency of mangosteen peel extract topical application in reversing reduced orthodontic brackets tensile strength after bleaching
Authors: Alhasyimi Ananto Ali
Published: April 2018

Background: Nowadays, cosmetic dentistry has become an ever-increasing requirement with interest in it growing over time. Bleaching is one of the popular cosmetic treatments that has been proven to diminish the tensile bond strength (TBS) of orthodontic brackets attached to bleached teeth. Mangosteen peel (MP) extract contains antioxidants that may potentially reverse the reduction in TBS. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of MP extract on the post- bleaching TBS of brackets. Methods: The reported research constitutes an experimental in vitro study conducted on a total of 120 maxillary first premolar teeth randomly divided into six groups (n = 20) as follows: negative-control (NC: no bleaching), positive-control (PC: bleaching + no treatment), and the treatment groups (bleaching + 10% sodium ascorbate (SA), 10% (MP10), 20% (MP20) and 40% (MP40) MP extract gel). Post-treatment, the brackets were bonded using Transbond XT and TBS testing was performed using a Universal Testing Machine. The ARI was examined by means of a stereoscopic microscope, while enamel morphological changes were observed through a Scanning Electron Microscope. The TBS-generated data was analyzed by means of Anova and Tukey tests. For the Adhesive Remnant Index, a Kruskal-Wallis analysis test was performed. Results: There was a significant TBS difference (P = 0.001) between the various groups. The PC group showed the significantly highest TBS compared to the others (8.33 ± 3.92 MPa), whereas NC demonstrated the lowest (4.15 ± 2.27 Mpa). The TBS value of the MP40 group was considerably higher than other groups treated with antioxidants (7.87 ± 3.26 MPa). The failure of orthodontic brackets using MP extract mostly occurred at the adhesive-bracket interfaces. Conclusion: Topical application of 40% mangosteen peel (MP) extract as an antioxidant after bleaching was effective in reversing the reduced post-bleaching tensile bond strength (TBS) of orthodontic brackets.
Comparison of salivary alpha-amylase levels in gingivitis and periodontitis
Authors: Carolina Dyah Nindita , Rusyanti Yanti , Susanto Agus
Published: April 2018

Background: The development of periodontal disease is influenced by bacteria-plaque, while there are also several factors modifying the host’s response, one of which is psychological stress. Alpha-amylase as a biomarker is also associated with periodontal inflammatory disease. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of alpha-amylase level between gingivitis and periodontitis. Methods: This research constitutes a descriptive study involving 44 subjects, divided into two groups: one of 22 gingivitis subjects and the other of 22 periodontitis subjects. These individuals completed a PSS-14 questionnaire before their levels of alpha salivary amylase were measured by Cocorometer. Data was analyzed by means of a paired T test and a Mann Whitney test with p < 0.05. Results: There were significant differences between the alpha-amylase levels of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, no significant contrast existed in the PSS-14 scores of the two periodontal disease groups. Conclusion: In conclusion alpha-amylase levels in the periodontitis group were higher than those in the gingivitis group and could be used as marker indicators of stress.
Effects of Propagation of Narrow Bipolar Pulses, Generated by Compact Cloud Discharges, Over Finitely Conducting Ground
Authors: Cooray Vernon , Fernando Mahendra , Gunasekara Lasitha , Nanayakkara Sankha
Published: April 2018

Propagation effects on the Narrow Bipolar Pulses (NBPs) or the radiation fields generated by compact cloud discharges as they propagate over finitely conducting ground are presented. The results are obtained using a sample of NBPs recorded with high time resolution from close thunderstorms in Sri Lanka. The results show that the peak amplitude and the temporal features such as the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), zero crossing time and the time derivative of NBPs can be significantly distorted by propagation effects. For this reason the study of peak amplitudes and temporal features of NBPs and the remote sensing of current parameters of compact cloud discharges should be conducted using NBPs recorded under conditions where the propagation effects are minimal.
Analysing Emotions and Social Skills in Physical Education
Authors: Cañabate Dolors , Martínez Georgina , Rodríguez David , Colomer Jordi
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the intensity of emotions and social skills in a physical education teaching unit (PE). Two instruments of analysis are used: the GES (Games and Emotion Scale) to evaluate emotions and an ad-hoc questionnaire to measure the social skills of 21 students in the sixth year of primary education. The data analysis was carried out using a generalised estimating equation model (GEE), taking into account the correlation between the different scores of the same subject and the asymmetry of the data. The results show positive emotions to be significantly more intense than negative ones and ambiguous emotions are revealed throughout all the PE sessions.
Risk Assessment of Transnational Oil Investment Using a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Ma Haitao , Sun Zhan , Fang Chuanglin
Published: April 2018

Oil has become the object of global exploits and fierce competition among the major world powers as it is a key strategic non-renewable resource. Transnational petroleum investment is therefore an important mechanism available to countries and international corporations to control oil resources even though there are numerous inherent uncertainties and risks. A new risk assessment index system is proposed in this paper based on use of the Delphi expert scoring system and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation that aims to minimize the potential risks inherent to multinational petroleum investment. This approach encapsulates political, legal, socioeconomic, and infrastructural factors to develop a technical method that can be used for transnational petroleum investment risk assessment. An evaluation of oil investment risk within a case study area is also presented; results provide reference data that can be applied by national and international oil companies to mitigate risks of transnational oil investment.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression during the Healing Process of Liver Injuries Treated with Different Biological Sealants and Adhesives
Authors: Lloris-Carsí José M. , Barrios Carlos , Lloris-Cejalvo José M. , Lloris-Salvi Mar , Cejalvo-Lapeña Dolores
Published: April 2018

Background. Adhesives and sealants can be used to repair and preserve solid damaged organs. This study explores the activity of different matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) during the healing of liver injuries treated with two biological adhesives (Tachosil and GelitaSpon) and a new synthetic elastic cyanoacrylate (Adhflex®). Methods. Liver traumatic injuries were experimentally induced in 90 male Wistar rats using a Stiefel biopsy punch in the liver. Wound healing was evaluated 2, 6, and 18 days after injury by determining MMP1, 2, 8, 9, and 13 expression. The histopathological repair was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. The three sealants used supported complete healing of the liver lesions. Both histopathology and MMP findings indicate that the degradation process of Adhflex® is slower and produces a strong initial inflammatory reaction. Results. All the MMPs measured disclosed higher values at early stage of the healing process in animals treated with Adhflex® and Tachosil, being the expression of for MMP2 and MMP9 significantly higher in the Adhflex-treated group. Animals treated with Tachosil had significant higher values of MMP8 and MPP13 than the Adhflex-treated group. Animals treated with Adhflex® showed a maintained overexpression in all the MMPs tested even at the latest wound healing stages. Conclusion. Notably, this MMPs overexpression did not influence negatively the histological healing process of the hepatic injuries. Given that all hepatic trauma injuries should be considered emergencies, any easy-to-use and rapid sealant, such as Adhflex®, could be considered as a suitable treatment option.
Forensic Archaeometry Applied to Antiquities Trafficking: An Investigation at the Frontiers of Knowledge
Authors: Rodríguez Temiño Ignacio , Yáñez Ana , Jorge Villar Susana , Reyes Mateos Álvaro , Rufino Rus Javier , Salas Álvarez Jesús , Lavín Berdonces Ana Carmen
Published: April 2018

For most of its history, archaeology has taken an indulgent attitude toward looting and antiquities trafficking. The primary response to these dangers has been to publish the main findings made outside of academia. As a result of this approach and the prominent role played by police techniques in investigating such crimes, investigations are primarily based on documentary research. This approach makes it harder to determine such essential factors in this field as an object’s collecting history or discovery date. This paper offers an overview of the state of the research on the fight against antiquities trafficking. It then proposes new ways of studying collecting history, drawing on research projects on the use of archaeometry to shed light on cases of looting or trafficking involving police, court, or government intervention; hence, its qualification as “forensic.” Although the current state of knowledge does not enable the presentation of novel research, we believe that researchers and interested institutions should be made aware of the advisability of using archaeometry more directly in the fight against these scourges.
Kahoot - Game Based Student Response System
Authors: Boden Gemma M , Hart Lindsay
Published: April 2018

N/A
Web annotation technologies for learning
Authors: Casey John
Published: April 2018

This technology review describes the rapidly developing field of web annotation tools and standards and discusses their potential to support learning, concluding with a description of annotation of audio-visual resources based on the recent experiences of the Clipper project.
The use of Moodle for Formative Assessment in Mathematics
Authors: Lakin Steve
Published: April 2018

Mathematics is not an easy topic to assess online. However, Moodle has a useful quiz option which can randomly generate questions. In this article, we will investigate the use of multiple-choice quizzes for formative assessment, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses.
Enantioselective Syntheses of Flavonoid Diels-Alder Natural Products: A Review
Authors: Nasir Shah Bakhtiar , Rahman Noorsaadah Abd , Chee Chin Fei
Published: April 2018

Background:

The Diels-Alder reaction has been widely utilised in the syntheses of biologically important
natural products over the years and continues to greatly impact modern synthetic methodology. Recent
discovery of chiral organocatalysts, auxiliaries and ligands in organic synthesis has paved the way for their application
in Diels-Alder chemistry with the goal to improve efficiency as well as stereochemistry.

Objective:

The review focuses on asymmetric syntheses of flavonoid Diels-Alder natural products that utilize
chiral ligand-Lewis acid complexes through various illustrative examples.

Conclusion:

It is clear from the review that a significant amount of research has been done investigating
various types of catalysts and chiral ligand-Lewis acid complexes for the enantioselective synthesis of flavonoid
Diels-Alder natural products. The results have demonstrated improved yield and enantioselectivity. Much
emphasis has been placed on the synthesis but important mechanistic work aimed at understanding the
enantioselectivity has also been discussed.
A megújuló energiafogyasztás és a nettó energiaimport, az üvegházhatású gázok kibocsátása, valamint a humán tőke közötti kapcsolat vizsgálata
Authors: T. Kiss Judit , Kocsis Imre
Published: April 2018

A fenntartható fejlődés érdekében ösztönözni szükséges az energiahatékonyság javítására és a megújuló energiák termelésének és felhasználásának növelésére irányuló intézkedéseket. Számos tényező befolyásolhatja a megújuló energia felhasználását, mint többek között a gazdasági fejlettség szintje, a gazdasági szereplők környezettudatossága, az energiaimport-függőség mértéke, a városi lakosság aránya és a kormányzati támogatás jellege. Jelen tanulmányban fő célunk, hogy megvizsgáljuk milyen kapcsolat tárható fel a megújuló energiafelhasználás teljes energiafogyasztáshoz viszonyított aránya és az energiafelhasználás százalékában kifejezett nettó energiaimport között, valamint a megújuló energia említett mutatója és az egy főre jutó üvegházhatású gázok, valamint a humán tőke nagysága között az OECD országok adatait tekintve, 1990-től és 2014-ig. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy negatív kapcsolat áll fenn a nettó energiaimport és a megújuló energiafogyasztás között, valamint az egy főre jutó üvegházhatású gázkibocsátás és a megújuló energiafogyasztás között. Ugyanakkor pozitív kapcsolatot találtunk a humán tőke meghatározott szintjét elérő energiaimportőr országok tekintetében a humán tőke mértéke és a megújuló energiafogyasztás között.
Biblioteka zwojów. Tło Nowego Testamentu
Authors: Tronina Antoni
Published: April 2018

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ks. Bogdan Wiktor MATYSIAK, Zarys geografii i prehistorii starożytnego Bliskiego Wschodu, Olsztyn 1999
Authors: Słomski Wojciech
Published: April 2018

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Książki nadesłane do redakcji
Authors: Matras Tadeusz
Published: April 2018

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The Generic Argument for teaching philosophy
Authors: Cam Philip
Published: April 2018

John Dewey wished to place development of the ability to think at the core of school education. The kind of thinking that Dewey had in mind was based on his conception of scientific inquiry. Matthew Lipman was likewise committed to an education centred on thinking, but he claimed that we should turn to philosophy rather than to science in order to secure this end. In his view, philosophy has a stronger claim to this mantle than does science, or any other subject, when it is appropriately reconstructed and taught. He developed various arguments to that effect, but the one considered here is that philosophical thinking has a generic character that especially suits it for the role. I examine this argument to see how compelling a case it makes for the inclusion of philosophy in the school curriculum.
Deep thinking and high ceilings: Using philosophy to challenge ‘more able’ pupils
Authors: Winstanley Carrie
Published: April 2018

At different times in their school career and across different subject areas, some pupils may require additional and/or more complex tasks from their teachers, since they find the work set to be insufficiently challenging. Recommendations for coping with these pupils’ needs are varied, but among other responses, it is common, in the field of ‘gifted and talented’ education, to advocate the use of critical thinking programmes. These can be very effective in providing the missing challenge through helping develop pupils’ facilities for building and defending rational argument. However, the exercises can be just that; mental agility tasks that lack relevant context. When children engage in learning philosophy in school, they benefit from the experience of developing logical, rigorous argument; but the subject can offer more than critical skills practice. Since philosophy attends to questions about things that matter in pupils’ lives, discussions can have an ethical and moral dimension and as such can be more than an intellectual exercise. Pupils of all abilities and propensities can become involved in the discussions, but the open nature of the areas of debate lends itself particularly well to providing challenge for pupils who need enriched and extended tasks in order to remain engaged. Some of the well-rehearsed Philosophy with/for Children methods are also designed to help develop mutual respect and understanding and so philosophy not only appeals to the cognitive and intellectual in children, but places this development in a context that fosters positive personal qualities.
Improving the Usefulness and Use of Patient Survey Programs: National Health Service Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Flott Kelsey , Darzi Ara , Gancarczyk Sarah , Mayer Erik
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

A growing body of evidence suggests a concerning lag between collection of patient experience data and its application in service improvement. This study aims to identify what health care staff perceive to be the barriers and facilitators to using patient-reported feedback and showcase successful examples of doing so.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to apply a systems perspective to suggest policy improvements that could support efforts to use data on the frontlines.

METHODS

Qualitative interviews were conducted in eight National Health Service provider locations in the United Kingdom, which were selected based on National Inpatient Survey scores. Eighteen patient-experience leads were interviewed about using patient-reported feedback with relevant staff. Interviews were transcribed and underwent thematic analysis. Staff-identified barriers and facilitators to using patient experience feedback were obtained.

RESULTS

The most frequently cited barriers to using patient reported feedback pertained to interpreting results, understanding survey methodology, presentation of data in both national Care Quality Commission and contractor reports, inability to link data to other sources, and organizational structure. In terms of a wish list for improved practice, staff desired more intuitive survey methodologies, the ability to link patient experience data to other sources, and more examples of best practice in patient experience improvement. Three organizations also provided examples of how they successfully used feedback to improve care.

CONCLUSIONS

Staff feedback provides a roadmap for policy makers to reconsider how data is collected and whether or not the national regulations on surveys and patient experience data are meeting the quality improvement needs of local organizations.
Біомеханічні аспекти розвитку вивиху стегна при ендопротезуванні кульшового суглоба
Authors: Maslennikov S.O. , Golovaha M.L.
Published: April 2018

На підставі огляду літератури вітчизняних і закордонних авторів проведено аналіз біомеханічних аспектів виникнення вивиху ендопротеза стегна, проведена оцінка залежності можливості виникнення вивиху від стану оточуючих м’яких тканин і капсульно-зв’язкового апарату після ендопротезування. Фактори ризику вивиху ендопротеза стегна численні й різноманітні. Багато факторів ризику пов’язані з хірургічною технікою, геометричним дизайном імплантату, а також з орієнтацією як стегнового, так і вертлюгового компонента під час їх установки. Проте один фактор, з яким одностайно згодні ортопеди, полягає в тому, що порушення цілісності м’яких тканин тазостегнового суглоба веде до ризику виникнення вивиху стегнового компонента ендопротеза. Було встановлено, що для найтоншої капсули (1 мм) пікова стійкість до вивихів досягала всього 53 % від такої при товщині капсули 3,5 мм і становила лише 31 % від максимальної товщини капсули — 6 мм, крім того, важлива локалізація дефекту: в задній і задньолатеральній ділянці як з боку ацетабулярного, так і з боку стегнового компонента відзначається значне зниження сили впливу, що викликає вивих, більш ніж на 50 % щодо рівня інтактної капсули. Відновлення таких дефектів повертає пікові значення моменту опору в межах 10–20 % від базового рівня. Таким чином, визначається очевидна залежність від збереження м’яких тканин суглоба як чинника, що впливає на нестабільність і викликає ускладнення у вигляді вивиху ендопротеза стегна. На особливу увагу заслуговує виявлення найбільш ефективних стратегій хірургічного відновлення дефектів капсули і навколишніх м’яких тканин суглоба, що має на увазі необхідність ретельного відновлення задніх капсульних структур у максимально можливій мірі як при первинній, так і при ревізійній хірургії.
Лікування переломів проксимального метаепіфізу стегнової кістки в пацієнтів старечого віку
Authors: Fil A.Yu. , Fil Yu.Ya. , Maksymovych O.O. , Levytskyy N.V.
Published: April 2018

Актуальність. Частота переломів шийки стегнової кістки, що є однією з провідних причин смерті в літніх пацієнтів, збільшується, тому що середня тривалість життя й поширеність остеопорозу продовжують зростати. Зміщення перелому, вік пацієнта, супутні захворювання, активність пацієнта до перелому є критичними факторами при визначенні клінічної тактики для лікування перелому шийки стегнової кістки. Мета: визначити оптимальний метод лікування пацієнтів старечого віку з переломами проксимального відділу стегнової кістки на основі ретроспективного матеріалу. Матеріали та методи. Виконано аналіз 155 медичних карт стаціонарного хворого в пацієнтів, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в ортопедо-травматологічному відділенні Комунальної 8-ї міської клінічної лікарні м. Львова в період з 2010 по 2016 рік із переломами проксимального відділу стегнової кістки. Для деталізації переломів проксимального відділу стегнової кістки була використана класифікація AO/ASIF. Для подальшого дослідження хворі були розподілені на дві групи. Результати. Тривалість спостереження тривала від 3 місяців до 1 року. У переважній більшості вертикалізація пацієнтів починалась через 12 годин після оперативного втручання. У пацієнтів, які були прооперовані в перші 24 години після надходження, середня тривалість перебування на стаціонарному лікуванні становила від 7 до 10 днів. У пацієнтів контрольної групи не виникало проблем, спричинених гіподинамією: гіпостатичної пневмонії, запалення сечостатевої системи та інших захворювань. Висновки. Результати остеосинтезу в більшості випадків є незадовільними. Металоостео-синтез в осіб даної вікової групи не дозволяє активізувати пацієнтів у ранні строки, що, у свою чергу, веде до прогресування супутніх захворювань. Використання раннього оперативного втручання, такого як первинне ендопротезування кульшового суглоба, дозволяє досягнути кращих результатів та запобігти загостренню супутньої патології.