bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological Architecture Concept in Campus Building in Indonesia
Authors: Handoko Jarwa Prasetya Sih
Published: May 2019

Sustainability is the development concept that meets condition of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own requirements on social, environmental and economical aspect. Ecological architecture is the concept of sustainable development emphasizes on environmental aspect that emphasize harmony between the built environment and the natural conditions in the surrounding areas such as waste and recycling, energy efficiency, water resource, building design, carbon emission, and aims to eliminate negative environmental impact while continuing to be completely sustainable. The university campus is one of the buildings used by the public. In keeping with his character university campus used by many people that require large energy consumption. So that was included in the building that need to be controlled levels of energy consumption. The campus building should consider harmony with the natural conditions around the building. Therefore, it is necessary to have a study that evaluates the application of ecological architecture concept in university campus in Indonesia. This study is a comparative study conducted descriptive methods related to the characteristics of the application of the ecological architecture concept in the design of university campus in Indonesia. This study takes a case study three university campuses in Indonesia which is included in the green campus in Indonesia. With this paper is expected to provide a general description of the application of the ecological architecture concept in the university campus design in Indonesia. The conclusion from this study that the university campus in Indonesia have applied the concept of ecological architecture in several aspects. There are some similarities and differences in the application of some aspects. Recommendations from this study is that a university campus building design should be able to optimize the application of the concept of ecological architecture on all aspects of the design.
The Study of Flowability and The Compressive Strength of Grout/Mortar Proportions for Pre- placed Concrete Aggregate (PAC)
Authors: Chairunnisa Nursiah , Fardheny Arie Febry
Published: May 2019

This experimental study is focused on the performance of appropriate grout/mortar for pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC) incorporating superplasticizer in the mortar mixture regarding the flowability and strength of grout or mortar. Twenty-one samples of specimens were prepared. The parameter tests consist of water-cement ratios, cement sand ratios and variation dosages of superplasticizer. To examine the flowability/fluidity of grout or mortar, the flow cone test was applied. The flow cone test result indicated that there were three proportional grout that can meet the requirement for fluidity according to ASTM C-939. The compressive strength of specimens was tested. It was concluded that the composition of grout with containing the percentage of 0.7% by weight of cement of superplasticizer as chemical admixtures at a water-cement ratio of 0.6 and a cement-sand ratio of 0.5 is the proper composition of grout for pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC).
Durability of RC Beams Strengthened Using GFRP-Sheet due to Fatigue Loads
Authors: Arbain Tata , Anthonius Frederik Raffel , Muhammad Ihsan , Rudy Djamaluddin
Published: May 2019

This paper presented the results of an experimental study of the behaviour of flexural beams strengthened with the glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP-S). This research was carried out to determine the effect of fatigue loads on the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams. The specimens were rectangular with a dimension of 150 mm in width, 200 mm in height, and 3300 mm in length. Four distinct conditions had been applied to this experiment. For the initial condition, two beams were tested under monotonic loads (maximum load control) as a control beam (BN). Sinusoidal fatigue loads were applied to four specimens from 4 kN to 24 kN (BF). Our comparative results of the experiment had presented that the normal beams (BN) failed after 800,000 loads cycle, while, the reinforced beams with GFRP (BF) failed after 1,231,860 loads cycle. Based on our results, it can be stated generally that fatigue life of the reinforcement beams (BF) could increase to more than 100% compared to that of the normal beams (BN). The failure of the beams is probably caused by fatigue of the reinforcement bar and debonding of the GFRP-S, both are secondary failure mechanism of reinforced concrete beams.
Downflow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactor for Wastewater Treatment - A Short Review
Authors: Nurmiyanto Awaluddin , Ohashi Akiyoshi
Published: May 2019

A combination of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and downflow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor has emerged as an interesting alternative wastewater treatment process. The combined system not only exhibited good organic removal performance in pilot scale experiment, moreover, several studies in the last decades also showed the good efficiency and robustness of DHS reactor in full-scale operation for wastewater treatment. This paper provides a review on the basic concept, historical process development and application of the DHS reactor for wastewater treatment. Over twenty-year development of DHS technology suggests that DHS reactor had become a viable alternative not only solving the sanitation problems in developing countries but also great further potential development in the field of resources recovery technologies from wastewater.
Rainfall Distribution Pattern of Progo Watershed in Observational and Empirical Method
Authors: Anggraheni Dinia , Gustoro Dimas
Published: May 2019

Automatic Rainfall Recorder (ARR) has not been widely available in Indonesia, so data of rainfall is available in the form of daily rainfall. To know the pattern of rainfall distribution in a watershed, there are two methods, they are the observational and empirical method. the Observational Method can be done if it has automatic rainfall data minimal hourly-time in a long period. Meanwhile, the empirical method will be used when data is very limited. So in this research, there were two methods to develop the rainfall distribution pattern in Progo Watershed. The data were used by the observational method is from 2013 to 2015. There were two empirical methods which are used namely Alternating Block Method (ABM) and Modified Mononobe Method. The results show that heavy rainfall in Progo watershed is dominated by 7-hourly rainfall distribution. The empirical rainfall distribution pattern that is more suitable with the observation method is Modified Mononobe method than ABM method.
The Influence of Delays in the Implementation of Work on Budget Plan and Field Management on Building Project in Banjarmasin
Authors: Yuliana Candra
Published: May 2019

The construction service company needs to think about the best strategy for dealing with delay in the project work schedule so that the cost overruns can be reduced to a minimum. The purpose of this research is to make a strategy for overcoming the delay of building project construction work in Banjarmasin. Primary data were obtained by field survey and interviews. The survey was conducted to project directors, project managers and the field, supervisors, and experts who are experienced in handling construction projects. The survey aims to collect data on the dominant factors causing delays in structural work, the impact of such delays on the budget plan, and the strategy of handling delays. The data were analyzed descriptively and AHP. Variable Y, which is the impact of the delay on changes in the work plan cost budget structure, is at a large level that is changing between 3% - 4% of the budget plan cost. The dominant factor to the cause of the delay is the slow decision-making process by the owner, the owner’s financial problem, the financial difficulties by the contractor, the mistake of choosing the construction method, the shortage of the project.
The Case for LED-UVC as a Primary Disinfectant for Small Sustainable Drinking Water Systems
Authors: Hichem Hadjeres , Soni M. Pradhanang , Thomas Boving , Maxwell Meadows , Souheil Benzerrouk
Published: May 2019

High loads of natural organic matter (NOM) in source water increase levels of toxic byproducts during disinfection, including trihalomethanes (THMs) which are formed when NOM is chlorinated. This study explores the efficacy of using UVC-LED as a primary disinfectant, with lower concentrations of chlorine used as a secondary disinfectant. Both treatment trains with conventional chlorination and UV irradiation with low chlorination reduced total coliforms andE.Coli counts to less than 1 Cfu/100 ml. UV with low chlorination produced approximately 4.6 times less THMs compared to conventional chlorination.
A machine learning approach for automated ULF wave recognition
Authors: Balasis Georgios , Aminalragia-Giamini Sigiava , Papadimitriou Constantinos , Daglis Ioannis A. , Anastasiadis Anastasios , Haagmans Roger
Published: May 2019

Machine learning techniques have been successfully introduced in the fields of Space Physics and Space Weather, yielding highly promising results in modeling and predicting many disparate aspects of the geospace environment. Magnetospheric ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves can have a strong impact on the dynamics of charged particles in the radiation belts, which can affect satellite operation. Here, we employ a method based on Fuzzy Artificial Neural Networks in order to detect ULF waves in the time series of the magnetic field measurements on board the low-Earth orbit CHAMP satellite. The outputs of the method are validated against a previously established, wavelet-based, spectral analysis tool, that was designed to perform the same task, and show encouragingly high scores in the detection and correct classification of these signals.
Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer in Belgium: characteristics and influencing factors
Authors: Macken Elisabeth , Van Dongen Stefan , De Brabander Isabel , Francque Sven , Driessen Ann , Van Hal Guido
Published: May 2019

Background and study aims Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) is an important quality parameter of colonoscopy. Most studies have shown that the risk for colorectal cancer is reduced after an index colonoscopy for screening or diagnostic purposes with or without polypectomy. In this study, we aimed to quantify and describe PCCRC in Belgium, including the possible relationships with patient, physician, and colonoscopy characteristics.

Patients and methods Reimbursement data on colorectal related medical procedures from the Intermutualistic Agency (IMA-AIM) were linked with data on clinical and pathological staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) available at the Belgian Cancer Registry (BCR) over a period covering 9 years (2002 – 2010).

Results In total, 63 518 colorectal cancers were identified in 61 616 patients between 2002 and 2010. We calculated a mean PCCRC rate of 7.6 %. PCCRC was significantly higher in older people and correlated significantly with polyp detection rate and the number of resections and procedures performed per year per physician. Conditional observed survival, given still alive 3 years since first colonoscopy, for PCCRC was worse than for CRC. Older patients and patients with invasive carcinomas had a worse outcome.

Conclusions Although no quality register exists in Belgium, we were able to demonstrate that PCCRC in Belgium is directly related to the experience of the physician performing the procedure. In the absence of a quality register, utilization of population-based data sources proved to be a valuable tool to identify quality parameters.
Cannabis-Gesetz in Deutschland – ein Erfolg?
Authors: Armbrüster Nicole , Ginnow Britta , Schütze RA Sebastian
Published: May 2019

Seit dem 10. März 2017 ist es erlaubt, Patienten mit schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen nach entsprechender Indikationsstellung und bei fehlender Therapiealternative adäquat mit Cannabisarzneimitteln zu versorgen. Das Gesetz zur „Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher und anderer Vorschriften“ („Cannabis-Gesetz“) ermöglicht die Verkehrs- und Verschreibungsfähigkeit von Arzneimitteln auf Basis von Cannabisblüten und -extrakten in standardisierter pharmazeutischer Qualität zu medizinischen Zwecken neben Fertigarzneimitteln. Eine Bestandsaufnahme mit Ausblick.
Das Skrotalödem – Ein Urologisches Chamäleon
Authors: Frodl Andreas , Cafuta Barbara , Distler Florian , Pandey Abhishek , Pahernik Sascha
Published: May 2019

Wir berichten über einen 28-jährigen Patienten mit akut aufgetretener skrotaler Schwellung. Laborchemisch zeigte sich kein Hinweis auf eine Entzündung und sonographisch waren beide Hoden gut perfundiert. Eine Hodentorsion schien anamnestisch und bei der körperlichen Untersuchung als unwahrscheinlich, daher haben wir uns gegen eine operative Therapie entschieden. Im Verlauf konnten mögliche Differenzialdiagnosen ausgeschlossen und der Verdacht eines akut idiopathischen Skrotalödems (AISE) bestätigt werden. Nach eintägiger stationär-antiphlogistischer Therapie konnte der Patient wieder nach Hause entlassen werden. Das Fallbeispiel zeigt, dass die AISE auch bei nicht-pädiatrischen Patienten auftreten kann und zu vorderst eine Ausschlussdiagnose ist.
Management of Post-Traumatic Composite Bone and Soft Tissue Defect of Leg
Authors: Mahajan Ravi K. , Srinivasan Krishnan , Singh Mahipal , Jain Adish , Kapadia Taha , Tambotra Ankush
Published: May 2019

Management of composite defects of leg following trauma requires a planned ortho-plastic approach right from the outset. Timely, planned intervention results in reduced amputation rates and improved limb salvage and function. Right from the time of presentation of the patient to the emergency with such injury, the process of decision making in terms of salvage or amputation, local flap cover/free flap cover, bone reconstruction first or soft tissue or both combined, come into play. Guidelines on management are unclear for such defects, a literature search yielding various methods being used by different authors.

This article is a review of current literature on management of composite leg defects.

A summary of the literature search in terms of various management options given by various authors including the rationale, advantages and disadvantages of each strategy has been provided in this article. The management protocol and method followed by the author in his institute for management of such composite defects have been described in detail. The article seeks to provide readers with an understanding of the management strategies so that appropriate method could be chosen to provide best result.
Traumatic Patellar Tendon Rupture Repair Using Synthetic Ligament Augmentation
Authors: Core Maxime , Anract Philippe , Raffin Juliette , Biau David Jean
Published: May 2019

Rupture of the patellar tendon is an infrequent pathology, and surgical repair with nonabsorbable sutures is the gold standard for management. Many surgeons augment the repair using one of many proposed methods: cerclage wires, Dall–Miles cables, autologous hamstring grafts, and tendon allografts. In this study, we propose the augmentation of patellar tendon repair using an artificial ligament. The questions to be assessed in this study are as follows: (1) measurement of functional results 1 year after surgery using the Lysholm score and (2) the incidence of both rerupture, and surgical complications within the first year postsurgery, the median knee range of motion at 3 months and 1-year postsurgery, patient satisfaction, and postsurgery patellar height, measured using the Caton–Deschamps Index. In our center, we performed 30 suture repairs of traumatic patellar tendon ruptures between 2015 and 2016. Tendon repair was always augmented using an artificial ligament (LT60, Orthomed). The results were evaluated 1 year after surgery. The 1-year postsurgery median Lysholm score was 96 (first quartile–third quartile [Q1–Q3]: 95–100). None of the following complications were reported: second surgery for any reason, new rupture, and superficial or deep infection. Radiological analysis showed a median Caton Index of 1 (Q1–Q3: 0.9–1) postsurgery. Excellent Lysholm scores were observed 1 year after synthetic ligament augmentation of patellar tendon sutures, with a low rate of complications compared with published studies.
Midterm Outcomes following Acute Repair of Grade III Distal MCL Avulsions in Multiligamentous Knee Injuries
Authors: Desai Vishal S. , Wu Isabella T. , Camp Christopher L. , Levy Bruce A. , Stuart Michael J. , Krych Aaron J.
Published: May 2019

There is limited evidence guiding management of medial collateral ligament (MCL) avulsions or functional disruptions distal to the medial joint line. This study aims to determine outcomes of a series of patients with grade III distal MCL injuries managed with acute surgical repair. Patients with grade III, distal MCL injuries, with or without multiligament involvement were identified. Demographic, clinical examination, and midterm patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data were collected. Clinical follow-up included physical examination and ligamentous stress testing at a minimum of 6 months. PROs included Lysholm's knee scoring scale, Tegner's activity score, and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores at minimum of 2 years follow-up. Of the 24 eligible patients, outcomes data were available for 20 (83%). Of the 20 included patients, 16 had a concomitant anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, 3 had ACL and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries, and 1 had an isolated MCL injury. Mean time from injury to surgery was 5 weeks. At mean clinical follow-up of 20.3 months, all patients showed valgus stability and satisfactory range of motion (ROM). Anteroposterior stability was normal in all but one patient who demonstrated a 2+ posterior drawer but with firm end points. At a mean follow-up of 5.7 years for PROs, mean Lysholm's score was 91.5 (standard deviation [SD] = 12.2), median Tegner's activity score was 7 (range, 4–9), and mean subjective IKDC score was 88.8 (SD: 9.9). The surgical repair of grade III distal MCL injuries delivered satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes. Future comparative studies with larger patient samples are needed.
Evaluation of a Child with Spells: A “Prefixed” Approach
Authors: Goraya Jatinder S.
Published: May 2019

Spells are a common clinical problem in children and can be broadly classified into epileptic and nonepileptic spells. Epileptic spells are clinical events that result from abnormal, excessive, and synchronous electrical activity of the cortical neurons. All other spells are included under the category of nonepileptic events. Precise differentiation between epileptic and nonepileptic spells, and their final characterization depend chiefly on obtaining a detailed account of the episode from the patient and/or witness. Physical and neurological examinations are generally non-revealing. In clinical practice, however, misdiagnosis of nonepileptic spells as epilepsy is fairly common and often is a result of incomplete history-taking. Explicit guidelines to elicit a thorough history in children who present with spells are lacking. The purpose of this article is to describe an instinctive and easy-to-remember approach to clinical history-taking in children with spells so as to minimize diagnostic errors.
Antimicrobials before antibiotics: war, peace, and disinfectants
Authors: Landecker Hannah
Published: May 2019

This analysis of antimicrobials before antibiotics uses both biological and historical approaches to examine the origins of contemporary antibiotic resistance in the decades prior to the introduction of penicillin. Genetic studies of resistance elements in contemporary bacterial pathogens point toward the importance of early twentieth century chemotherapies as initial selection pressures shaping the landscape of resistance elements even before microbially-produced antibiotics came onto the scene while historical analysis gives insight into the design of these pressures: specific toxicity in arsenicals, sulphonamides, and disinfectant quaternary ammonium compounds, as well as their industrial-scale production and distribution. Turning from production to application, the specific cases of troop mobilization and poultry farming between 1940 and 1950 in the United States are used to illustrate how profound physical and social disruption, outbreaks of epidemic disease, and mass prophylaxis and antisepsis with synthetic antimicrobial agents came together at scale in this period, generating a highly specific landscape of bacterial flourishing and killing, and setting the stage into which the first antibiotics came. Reframing antimicrobial resistance in a longer historical trajectory lends new insight into both the social origins and biological evolution of the phenomenon.
Revealing the competing contributions of charge carriers, excitons, and defects to the non-equilibrium optical properties of ZnO
Authors: Foglia Laura , Vempati Sesha , Tanda Bonkano Boubacar , Gierster Lukas , Wolf Martin , Sadofev Sergey , Stähler Julia
Published: May 2019

Due to its wide band gap and high carrier mobility, ZnO is, among other transparent conductive oxides, an attractive material for light-harvesting and optoelectronic applications. Its functional efficiency, however, is strongly affected by defect-related in-gap states that open up extrinsic decay channels and modify relaxation timescales. As a consequence, almost every sample behaves differently, leading to irreproducible or even contradicting observations. Here, a complementary set of time-resolved spectroscopies is applied to two ZnO samples of different defect density to disentangle the competing contributions of charge carriers, excitons, and defects to the nonequilibrium dynamics after photoexcitation: time-resolved photoluminescence, excited state transmission, and electronic sum-frequency generation. Remarkably, defects affect the transient optical properties of ZnO across more than eight orders of magnitude in time, starting with photodepletion of normally occupied defect states on femtosecond timescales, followed by the competition of free exciton emission and exciton trapping at defect sites within picoseconds, photoluminescence of defect-bound and free excitons on nanosecond timescales, and deeply trapped holes with microsecond lifetimes. These findings not only provide the first comprehensive picture of charge and exciton relaxation pathways in ZnO but also uncover the microscopic origin of previous conflicting observations in this challenging material and thereby offer means of overcoming its difficulties. Noteworthy, a similar competition of intrinsic and defect-related dynamics could likely also be utilized in other oxides with marked defect density as, for instance, TiO2 or SrTiO3.
Structural, vibrational, electrical, and magnetic properties of mixed spinel ferrites Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation
Authors: Saqib H. , Rahman S. , Susilo Resta , Chen Bin , Dai Ning
Published: May 2019

Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 (where x = 0.0, 02, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.8) nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation. A detailed investigation of the structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties was carried out for the synthesized samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD), current-voltage (I-V) measurements, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Rietveld refinement fitting revealed that the structure of these samples is cubic spinel with space group Fd3m, and the lattice parameter decreases linearly with increasing Mg-content due to the smaller ionic radius of the Mg2+ ion. Five Raman modes were predicted for the spinel structure, and the A1g Raman mode split into three branches, where each one belong to each ions like Zn2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ in the tetrahedral positions. The magnetization showed an increasing fashion with the increasing Mg concentration due to the cation rearrangement at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The isothermal magnetization curves collected at room temperature showed a paramagnetic (PM) to ferrimagnetic (FiM) transition as the Mg content was increased in Mg1-xZnxFe2O4. Both magnetic and structural properties of ZnMg-ferrite nanoparticles strongly depend upon the Mg2+ cation doping percentage. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements show that electrical resistivity increases with increasing Mg content.
Spectral and amplitude-time characteristics of crystals excited by a runaway electron beam
Authors: Tarasenko V. F. , Lomaev M. I. , Baksht E. Kh. , Beloplotov D. V. , Burachenko A. G. , Sorokin D. A. , Lipatov E. I.
Published: May 2019

The generation of runaway electrons (REs) is a significant problem in tokamak installations, causing energy loss, and melting and vaporization of the walls of the vacuum chamber. The wide deployment of Cherenkov-type detectors, in addition to other methods, is routinely used to detect high-energy electrons. This paper focuses on the cathodoluminescence and Cherenkov radiation excited in different crystals by REs. The spectral energy density of Cherenkov radiation in CaF2 (fluorite) and diamond at various initial electron energies is calculated, taking into account the ionization losses of electron energy, the dispersion of the refractive index of these substances, and the electron energy distribution of the beam.
Comparative study of femtosecond filamentation properties in the classical model and the full model for different incident pulse durations
Authors: Jing Chenrui , Qi Xiexing , Wang Zhaohui , Ma Baohong , Ding Chaoliang
Published: May 2019

We investigate the influence of incident pulse duration on the properties of femtosecond filamentation by numerical simulations. The filament intensity and plasma density are compared in the classical model and the full model under different incident pulse durations. Our results demonstrate the important role that higher-order Kerr effect (HOKE) plays in femtosecond laser filamentation, and the incident pulse duration has a significant influence on the relative contribution of HOKE, which consistently confirm the conclusions proposed by Loriot et al (2011 Laser Phys.
21 1319). Our findings provide a possible way to test the validity of the classical model and the full model in filamentation process by measuring the plasma density as a function of pulse duration through relevant experimental techniques.
A re-weighted smoothed

L0

-norm regularized sparse reconstructed algorithm for linear inverse problems
Authors: Wang Linyu , Wang Junyan , Xiang Jianhong , Yue Huihui
Published: May 2019

This paper addresses the problems of sparse signal and image recovery using compressive sensing (CS), especially in the case of Gaussian noise. The main contribution of this paper is the proposal of the regularization re-weighted Composite Sine function smoothed L
0-norm minimization (RRCSFSL0) algorithm where the Composite Sine function (CSF), the iteratively re-weighted scheme and the regularization mechanism represent the core of an approach to the solution of the problem. Compared with other state-of-the-art functions, the CSF we proposed can better approximate the L
0-norm and improve the reconstruction accuracy, the new re-weighted scheme we adopted can promote sparsity and speed up convergence. Moreover, the use of the regularization mechanism makes the RRCSFSL0 algorithm more robust against noise. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified via numerical experiments in the noise environment. Furthermore, experiments and comparisons demonstrate the superiority of the RRCSFSL0 algorithm in image restoration.
Accurate differential analysis of transcription factor activity from gene expression
Authors: Amin Viren , Ağaç Didem , Barnes Spencer D , Çobanoğlu Murat Can
Published: May 2019

Motivation

Activity of transcriptional regulators is crucial in elucidating the mechanism of phenotypes. However regulatory activity hypotheses are difficult to experimentally test. Therefore, we need accurate and reliable computational methods for regulator activity inference. There is extensive work in this area, however, current methods have difficulty with one or more of the following: resolving activity of TFs with overlapping regulons, reflecting known regulatory relationships, or flexible modeling of TF activity over the regulon.

Results

We present Effector and Perturbation Estimation Engine (EPEE), a method for differential analysis of transcription factor (TF) activity from gene expression data. EPEE addresses each of these principal challenges in the field. Firstly, EPEE collectively models all TF activity in a single multivariate model, thereby accounting for the intrinsic coupling among TFs that share targets, which is highly frequent. Secondly, EPEE incorporates context-specific TF-gene regulatory networks and therefore adapts the analysis to each biological context. Finally, EPEE can flexibly reflect different regulatory activity of a single TF among its potential targets. This allows the flexibility to implicitly recover other regulatory influences such as co-activators or repressors. We comparatively validated EPEE in 15 datasets from three well-studied contexts, namely immunology, cancer, and hematopoiesis. We show that addressing the aforementioned challenges enable EPEE to outperform alternative methods and reliably produce accurate results.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/Cobanoglu-Lab/EPEE.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Developments on CO2-utilization technologies
Authors: Zhu Qian
Published: May 2019

As an additional CO2-mitigation strategy to carbon capture and storage, CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) is attracting increasing interest globally. The potential applications of CCU are diverse, ranging from using CO2 in greenhouses and farming to conversion of CO2 into fuels, chemicals, polymers and building materials. CO2 has already been used for decades with mature technologies in various industrial processes such as CO2-enhanced oil recovery, the food and beverage industry, urea production, water treatment and the production of fire retardants and coolants. There are also many new CO2-utilization technologies at various stages of development and commercialization. These technologies have the potential to provide opportunities for emission savings for power and other industrial sectors by partially substituting fossil-fuel raw materials, increasing efficiency and using renewable energy, and generating revenues through producing marketable products. This paper investigates the CO2-utilization technologies that convert CO2 into commercial products via chemical and biochemical reactions with a focus on front-running technologies that are at, or close to, large-scale demonstration or commercialization. The CO2-utilization technologies are grouped according to the technological routes used, such as electrochemical, photocatalytic and photosynthetic, catalytic, biological process (using microbes and enzymes), copolymerization and mineralization. Recent developments and the status of the CO2-utilization technologies are reviewed. The environmental impact of CCU is also discussed in terms of life-cycle analysis.
Wildlife Refuges Support High Bee Diversity on the Southern Great Plains
Authors: Auerbach Ezra S , Johnson William P , Smith Jude R , McIntyre Nancy E
Published: May 2019

The native prairie of the southern Great Plains has been especially modified by two related forces: conversion of native prairie to agricultural forms of land use and removal of black-tailed prairie dogs (Rodentia: Sciuridae, Cynomys ludovicianus (Ord, 1815)) that act as ecosystem engineers via their burrowing and grazing activities. It is unknown how these changes have affected the native bee community. We surveyed the bee communities in relatively intact native prairie at two National Wildlife Refuges in Texas, quantifying bee community structure as a function of the presence/absence of grazing by prairie dogs. Over a 5-mo sampling period in spring-summer 2013, we found high overall bee diversity (180 species, mostly solitary ground-nesters), with differences detected in diversity between Muleshoe and Buffalo Lake National Wildlife Refuges as well as on and off prairie dog colonies. Although the same three species dominated the bee community at both refuges, most species were represented by relatively few individuals, leading to overall differences in diversity (richness, evenness, and effective number of species) by refuge. Bee diversity differed between sites on and off prairie dog colonies, but in trends that differed by refuge and by index, suggesting that location was more important than prairie dog presence. These results represent a reference fauna against which other regional bee communities in other land-cover types can be compared, but the high spatial heterogeneity we found indicates that detecting effects of landscape change on native bees will be challenging.
Parental Unemployment and the Transition to Vocational Training in Germany: Interaction of Household and Regional Sources of Disadvantage
Authors: Lindemann Kristina , Gangl Markus
Published: May 2019

We examine the impact of parental unemployment and regional labour market conditions on the probability of a successful transition from non-academic secondary schooling to vocational training in Germany, using data from the National Educational Panel Study and multilevel logistic regression models. Although widely regarded as a low-cost, low-risk and high-gain vocational path, we nevertheless find a clear negative effect of parental unemployment on adolescents’ chances of entering an apprenticeship contract. We test for poorer school performance, reduced household income, reduced self-esteem and limited access to labour market information as potential mediators of the effect, and only find support for some limited impact of economic deprivation. However, we also show that in families where one parent has experienced unemployment shortly before the child’s own transition from secondary schooling, students’ chances of a successful transition depend much more strongly on regional labour market conditions than in families without parental experiences of unemployment. Even in a regulated transition system like Germany’s, adverse labour market conditions thus reinforce the intergenerational disadvantages induced by parental unemployment.
Developing Methods for Truck Route Selection and Cost Modeling in Steeper Topographies
Authors: Fjeld D , Rönnqvist M , Flisberg P
Published: May 2019

Payment tariffs for logging truck transport in Nordic countries are typically based on the loaded transport distance. Local tariffs often provide a good representation of the mean cost, however, as variation in topography and the transport environment increases; loaded distance alone represents the actual cost poorly. In addition, routes with increasing curvature also constitute more frequent braking and acceleration cycles. Moreover, driving in such topographical environments during the winter raises additional safety and operator stress issues. This study examines the situation in Norway where logging truck routes often start in mountainous regions. It tests the applicability of a route-generation system developed in Sweden and determines if it can be adopted in Norway. The case study is based on 30 detailed routes from each country, reported and analyzed by their respective transport managers. Based on typical local tariffs, the results show the route-specific variation in costs and profit margins associated with the varying transport environments. A framework for classifying transport environments is proposed as a basis for tariff agreements that better represent the actual transport cost. This increases fairness and supports economic sustainability for transporters.
Convictfish on the move: variation in growth and trophic niche space along a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Miranda T , Smith J A , Suthers I M , Mazumder D , Cruz D O , Schilling H T , Searle K , Vergés A
Published: May 2019

The range expansion of tropical fish into temperate waters is increasing markedly in response to climate change. Range-expanding fish encounter novel diets and environments, but we know little about how these conditions facilitate or hinder distribution shifts. Here, we quantified relative growth rate, morphometric condition and trophic niche of juvenile Acanthurus triostegus, a dominant range-expanding tropical surgeonfish, at four locations across 10° of latitude off eastern Australia. We related these metrics to differences in temperature and nutritional quality of dominant seaweeds and the epilithic algal matrix. Temperate food sources were richer in nitrogen than tropical diets. Stable isotope analysis (δ13 carbon and δ15 nitrogen) of fish muscle revealed a large trophic niche breadth at the highest latitude indicating a generalist foraging strategy, and more nitrogen-enriched isotopic signatures compared to tropical regions. Fish length was strongly correlated to δ13C in all regions, suggesting an ontogenetic shift in diet independent of latitude. Despite temperature differences of 4°C, fish growth and body condition were similar across tropical and temperate regions. These results suggest that more nutritious temperate diets may compensate for the effects of cooler water temperatures. Neither summer water temperatures nor dietary factors appear to limit the success of juvenile tropical vagrants as they continue to expand their range along eastern Australia.
Research on structural parameter optimization and thermal performance of twin-screw expander
Authors: Zhang Chenghu , Gao Jiahao , Fu Jie , Li Yaping , Lin Jiyou
Published: May 2019

This paper analyzes rotor profile and meshing law of twin-screw expander. Elementary area is calculated by meshing sequence method, and elementary volume is solved by integration. The influence of geometric characteristics such as torsion angle and internal expansion angle of male rotor on the thermal performance of twin-screw expander is studied. The results show the following: reasonably reducing internal expansion angle and positive rotor torsion angle can increase isentropic adiabatic power of twin-screw expander. Taking isentropic adiabatic efficiency as optimization goal, sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used to optimize the structural parameters of twin-screw expander, and the influence of leakage on its functional force is analyzed. Considering leakage effect, actual shaft power of twin-screw expander is 16.7 kW, the isentropic adiabatic power under ideal conditions is 21.3 kW, and the adiabatic efficiency is 78.71%.
Smooth Compactness for Spaces of Asymptotically Conical Self-Expanders of Mean Curvature Flow
Authors: Bernstein Jacob , Wang Lu
Published: May 2019

We show compactness in the locally smooth topology for certain natural families of asymptotically conical self-expanding solutions of mean curvature flow. Specifically, we show such compactness for the set of all 2D self-expanders of a fixed topological type and, in all dimensions, for the set of self-expanders of low entropy and for the set of mean convex self-expanders with strictly mean convex asymptotic cones. From this we deduce that the natural projection map from the space of parameterizations of asymptotically conical self-expanders to the space of parameterizations of the asymptotic cones is proper for these classes.
Designing the Child’s World: Ernö Goldfinger and the Role of the Architect, 1933–1946
Authors: McKellar Erin
Published: May 2019

Before Hungarian-born British architect Ernö Goldfinger became known for designing large-scale urban housing and office developments, he built a reputation designing toys, furnishings, interiors and exhibitions for and about children. Focussing on these projects, this article investigates how the architect sought to create a lasting audience for modern architecture by teaching children how to navigate the world independently. By looking at these projects, it is also possible to see how Goldfinger, and other architects, have bridged disciplinary categories by encompassing aspects of industrial, interior, urban and graphic design as part of a broad definition of architecture.
Curative thoraco-systemic therapy plus local treatment to the brain for extensive disease-small-cell lung cancer with metastasis only to the brain
Authors: Shibata Kazuhiko , Iwasa Keiichi , Takanaka Tsuyoshi , Yachi Tsuyoshi , Okazaki Akihito , Shiba Yasutaka , Kasahara Kazuo
Published: May 2019

We reviewed 11 cases of extensive disease (ED)-SCLC and metastasis only to the brain treated during 2011–14. All patients underwent definitive therapy similar to that for limited disease (LD), combined with local treatment for BM. We compared the survival outcomes of these patients to those of patients with LD (n = 29) or other ED (n = 38) during the same period. Three patients had progression of BM at completion of chemotherapy. Ten patients received whole-brain radiotherapy (4 prophylactic, 6 therapeutic), and remaining one elderly patient underwent stereotactic radiosurgery. Finally, 8 and 3 patients achieved a CR or PR of BM, respectively. Five remained free of progression for 21.1–73.2 months. The progression-free and overall survival outcomes of ED-SCLC with brain only metastases were comparable to those of LD and superior to those of other ED. In conclusion, ED-SCLC with metastasis limited to the brain could be treated with curative intent.
Alp7-Mto1 and Alp14 synergize to promote interphase microtubule regrowth from the nuclear envelope
Authors: Liu Wenyue , Zheng Fan , Wang Yucai , Fu Chuanhai
Published: May 2019

Microtubules grow not only from the centrosome but also from various noncentrosomal microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs), including the nuclear envelope (NE) and pre-existing microtubules. The evolutionarily conserved proteins Mto1/CDK5RAP2 and Alp14/TOG/XMAP215 have been shown to be involved in promoting microtubule nucleation. However, it has remained elusive as to how the microtubule nucleation promoting factors are specified to various noncentrosomal MTOCs, particularly the NE, and how these proteins coordinate to organize microtubule assembly. Here, we demonstrate that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, efficient interphase microtubule growth from the NE requires Alp7/TACC, Alp14/TOG/XMAP215, and Mto1/CDK5RAP2. The absence of Alp7, Alp14, or Mto1 compromises microtubule regrowth on the NE in cells undergoing microtubule repolymerization. We further demonstrate that Alp7 and Mto1 interdependently localize to the NE in cells without microtubules and that Alp14 localizes to the NE in an Alp7 and Mto1-dependent manner. Tethering Mto1 to the NE in cells lacking Alp7 partially restores microtubule number and the efficiency of microtubule generation from the NE. Hence, our study delineates that Alp7, Alp14, and Mto1 work in concert to regulate interphase microtubule regrowth on the NE.
Hydrologic Modifications Challenge Bottomland Hardwood Forest Management
Authors: King Sammy L , Keim Richard F
Published: May 2019

Bottomland hardwoods are floodplain forests along rivers and streams throughout the southeastern United States. The interrelations among hydrology, soils, geomorphic landforms, and tree species composition are the foundation of forest management in bottomland hardwoods, and historically their correspondence has allowed for somewhat predictable forest responses based upon the hydrogeomorphic setting. However, extensive hydrologic and geomorphic modifications in floodplains have disrupted these interrelations and, on many sites, have created novel disturbance regimes resulting in unpredictable forest responses. Reduced or altered timing of surface flooding and groundwater declines are common in the region and have favored increases in stem densities, particularly of species less tolerant of flooding and more tolerant of shade. In these highly modified systems, more process-level understanding of floodplain hydrology, soil moisture dynamics, interspecific tree competition, and regeneration is needed to develop more effective management prescriptions and for forestry to be represented in integrated water-resource management decisions.
Hypoosmotic stress induces R loop formation in nucleoli and ATR/ATM-dependent silencing of nucleolar transcription
Authors: Velichko Artem K , Petrova Nadezhda V , Luzhin Artem V , Strelkova Olga S , Ovsyannikova Natalia , Kireev Igor I , Petrova Natalia V , Razin Sergey V , Kantidze Omar L
Published: May 2019

The contribution of nucleoli to the cellular stress response has been discussed for over a decade. Stress-induced inhibition of RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription is hypothesized as a possible effector program in such a response. In this study, we report a new mechanism by which ribosomal DNA transcription can be inhibited in response to cellular stress. Specifically, we demonstrate that mild hypoosmotic stress induces stabilization of R loops in ribosomal genes and thus provokes the nucleoli-specific DNA damage response, which is governed by the ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase. Activation of ATR in nucleoli strongly depends on Treacle, which is needed for efficient recruitment/retention of TopBP1 in nucleoli. Subsequent ATR-mediated activation of ATM results in repression of nucleolar transcription.
Parkinson Disease-Related Pattern of Glucose Metabolism Associated With the Potential for Motor Improvement After Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Lee Eun Jung , Oh Jungsu S , Moon Hyojeong , Kim Min-Ju , Kim Mi Sun , Chung Sun Ju , Kim Jae Seung , Jeon Sang Ryong
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

Motor dysfunctions in Parkinson disease (PD) patients are not completely normalized by deep brain stimulation (DBS), and there is an obvious difference in the degree of symptom improvement after DBS for each patient.

OBJECTIVE

To test our hypothesis that each patient has their own restoration capacity for motor improvement after DBS, and to investigate whether regional cerebral glucose metabolism in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans is associated with the capacity for off-medication motor improvement (MIoff) after DBS.

METHODS

The MIoff (%) was calculated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III in 27 PD patients undergoing DBS in the globus pallidus interna. The standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) on FDG-PET were quantitatively measured, and the areas where the SUVR correlated with the MIoff (%) were identified. Also, the areas where the SUVR was significantly different between the 2 MIoff groups (≥60% vs <60%) were determined.

RESULTS

Ten patients achieved MIoff > 60% at 12 mo after DBS. In general, the MIoff (%) was positively correlated with preoperative SUVR in the temporo-parieto-occipital lobes, while it was inversely correlated with the metabolism in the primary motor cortex. The patients in the MIoff < 60% group showed a significant decrease in SUVR in the parieto-occipital lobes, while parieto-occipital metabolism in those with MIoff ≥ 60% was relatively preserved (Mann-Whitney U test, P = .03).

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that the parieto-occipital lobes may be implicated more generally in the prognosis of motor improvement after DBS in advanced PD than other regions.