bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic radiotherapy is a useful treatment option for patients with medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kukulska Aleksandra , Krajewska Jolanta , Kołosza Zofia , Grządziel Aleksandra , Gajek Mateusz , Paliczka-Cieślik Ewa , Syguła Dorota , Ficek Kornelia , Kluczewska-Gałka Aneta , Jarząb Barbara
Published: August 2021

The role of radiotherapy in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is confined to patients in whom surgical treatment or the administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors are not possible or contraindicated. High fractionated radiation doses during radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy are applied to reduce cancer-related symptoms and stabilize irradiated lesions. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the therapeutic effect of stereotactic radiotherapy in MTC patients.

Material and methods

The study group involved 11 MTC patients, treated due to 16 cancer lesions, mainly bone metastases (10 lesions), lymph node (2 lesions) metastases, or liver metastases (2 lesions), one primary thyroid tumor, and one MTC recurrence in the thyroid bed. The fractionated and total radiation doses ranged between 5 and 12 Gy and 8–44 Gy, respectively. Six lesions were treated with a single radiation fraction, three lesions with 2 fractions, another 6 lesions with 3 fractions, whereas the remaining one metastatic lesion with 9 fractions of stereotactic radiosurgery.

Results

The beneficial effect of stereotactic radiosurgery was obtained in all treated lesions. None of treated lesions progressed in the further disease course. Fourteen lesions were stable (87.5 %), including eight lesions showing progression before radiosurgery (good response). Disease control was obtained in all soft-tissue metastases. Regarding bone metastases, partial regression was achieved in 20 % lesions, whereas in 30 % lesions progressive before radiotherapy, the treatment led to disease stabilization.

Conclusions

Our data pointed to the effectiveness of high-dose fractionated radiotherapy in MTC. However, an observation of a larger group of patients is required to confirm it.
Building a virtual summer research experience in cancer for high school and early undergraduate students: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Corson Timothy W. , Hawkins Shannon M. , Sanders Elmer , Byram Jessica , Cruz Leigh-Ann , Olson Jacob , Speidell Emily , Schnabel Rose , Balaji Adhitya , Ogbeide Osas , Dinh Julie , Hinshaw Amy , Cummings Laura , Bonds Vicki , Nakshatri Harikrishna
Published: August 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic posed a unique challenge for summer research programs in 2020, particularly for programs aimed at hands-on experience for younger trainees. The Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center supports two pipeline programs, which traditionally immerse high school juniors, seniors, and early undergraduate students from underrepresented populations in science in hands-on projects in cancer biology labs. However, due to social distancing policies during the pandemic and reduction of research operations, these students were not physically allowed on campus. Thus, the authors set out to strategically pivot to a wholly virtual curriculum and evaluate the Virtual Summer Research Experience in Cancer outcomes.

Methods

The virtual program included four components: 1. a core science and professional development curriculum led by high school teachers and senior undergraduates; 2. faculty-delivered didactic sessions on cancer science; 3. mentored, virtual research projects with research faculty; and 4. online networking events to encourage vertical mentoring. Outcomes data were measured using a locally created 11-item Research Preparation Scale, daily electronic feedback, and weekly structured evaluation and feedback via Zoom.

Results

Outcome data suggested high self-reported satisfaction with the virtual program. Outcome data also revealed the importance of coordination between multiple entities for seamless program implementation. This includes the active recruitment and participation of high school teachers and further investment in information technology capabilities of institutions.

Conclusions

Findings reveal a path to educate and train high school and early undergraduate students in cancer research when hands-on, in-person training is not feasible. Virtual research experiences are not only useful to engage students during public health crises but can provide an avenue for cancer centers to expand their cancer education footprints to remotely located schools and universities with limited resources to provide such experiences to their students.
Adiponectin in psoriasis and its comorbidities: a review
Authors: Ruiyang Bai , Panayi Adriana , Ruifang Wu , Peng Zhang , Siqi Fu
Published: August 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal T cell activation and excessive proliferation of keratinocytes. In addition to skin manifestations, psoriasis has been associated with multiple metabolic comorbidities, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. An increasing amount of evidence has highlighted the core role of adipokines in adipose tissue and the immune system. This review focus on the role of adiponectin in the pathophysiology of psoriasis and its comorbidities, highlighting the future research avenues.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0081343 promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion and inhibits trophoblast apoptosis by regulating miR-210-5p/DLX3 axis
Authors: Wang Hui , Luo Caiqun , Wu Xiaoxia , Zhang Jianming , Xu Zhiyong , Liu Yang , Li Bohong , Li Jing , Xie Jiansheng
Published: August 2021

Background

Various circular RNAs (circRNAs) are dysregulated in the placenta of fetal growth restriction (FGR) fetuses, but their roles and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of hsa_circ_0081343 in regulating the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of human extravillous trophoblast HTR-8 cells.

Methods

CircRNA and miRNA levels were examined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Overexpression plasmid constructs and siRNAs were used to overexpress and knockdown hsa_circ_0081343, respectively. Transwell assays and flow cytometry analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of hsa_circ_0081343 or miR-210-5p on migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Protein levels were analyzed by western blotting. Dual luciferase activity and anti-AGO2 RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to identify the relationship between miR-210-5p and hsa_circ_0081343.

Results

Hsa_circ_0081343 expression was significantly downregulated in 37 FGR placental tissues compared to healthy placental control tissues. Hsa_circ_0081343 overexpression may inhibit apoptosis by downregulating the expression of cleaved caspase 3 and caspase 9 and alleviating the migration and invasion of HTR-8 cells by inducing the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. The dual luciferase activity and anti-AGO2 RIP assay results showed that hsa_circ_0081343 binds to miR-210-5p. miR-210-5p overexpression eliminated the effect of hsa_circ_0081343 overexpression in HTR-8 cells. Finally, DLX3 was identified as a direct target of miR-210-5p.

Conclusions

hsa_circ_0081343 expression levels are significantly downregulated in FGR placental tissues. Hsa_circ_0081343 regulates the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HTR-8 cells via the hsa-miR-210-5p/DLX3 axis.
Pharmacologic targeting of the P-TEFb complex as a therapeutic strategy for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Qing Yingjie , Wang Xiangyuan , Wang Hongzheng , Hu Po , Li Hui , Yu Xiaoxuan , Zhu Mengyuan , Wang Zhanyu , Zhu Yu , Xu Jingyan , Guo Qinglong , Hui Hui
Published: August 2021

Background

The positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) kinase activity is involved in the process of transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), a core component of P-TEFb, regulates the process of transcription elongation, which is associated with differentiation and apoptosis in many cancer types. Wogonin, a natural CDK9 inhibitor isolated fromScutellaria baicalensis.This study aimed to investigate the involved molecular mechanisms of wogonin on anti- chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells.

Materials and methods

mRNA and protein levels were analysed by RT-qPCR and western blot. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell differentiation and apoptosis. Cell transfection, immunofluorescence analysis and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays were applied to address the potential regulatory mechanism of wogonin. KU-812 cells xenograftNOD/SCIDmice model was used to assess and verify the mechanism in vivo.

Results

We reported that the anti-CML effects in K562, KU-812 and primary CML cells induced by wogonin were regulated by P-TEFb complex. We also confirmed the relationship between CDK9 and erythroid differentiation via knockdown the expression of CDK9. For further study the mechanism of erythroid differentiation induced by wogonin, co-IP experiments were used to demonstrate that wogonin increased the binding between GATA-1 and FOG-1 but decreased the binding between GATA-1 and RUNX1, which were depended on P-TEFb. Also, wogonin induced apoptosis and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of MCL-1 in KU-812 cells, which is the downstream of P-TEFb. In vivo studies showed wogonin had good anti-tumor effects in KU-812 xenograftsNOD/ SCIDmice model and decreased the proportion of human CD45+cells in spleens of mice. We also verified that wogonin exhibited anti-CML effects through modulating P-TEFb activity in vivo.

Conclusions

Our study indicated a special mechanism involving the regulation of P-TEFb kinase activity in CML cells, providing evidences for further application of wogonin in CML clinical treatment.
Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 ameliorates acute lung injury in mice
Authors: Gurusamy Malarvizhi , Nasseri Saeed , Rampa Dileep Reddy , Feng Huiying , Lee Dongwon , Pekcec Anton , Doods Henri , Wu Dongmei
Published: August 2021

Background

To examine the effects of BI 1029539 (GS-248), a novel selective human microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor, in experimental models of acute lung injury (ALI) and sepsis in transgenic mice constitutively expressing the mPGES1 (Ptges) humanized allele.

Methods

Series 1: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Mice were randomized to receive vehicle, BI 1029539, or celecoxib. Series 2: Cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis. Mice were randomized to receive vehicle or BI 1029539.

Results

Series 1: BI 1029539 or celecoxib reduced LPS-induced lung injury, with reduction in neutrophil influx, protein content, TNF-ɑ, IL-1β and PGE2 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), myeloperoxidase activity, expression of mPGES-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and intracellular adhesion molecule in lung tissue compared with vehicle-treated mice. Notably, prostacyclin (PGI2) BAL concentration was only lowered in celecoxib-treated mice. Series 2: BI 1029539 significantly reduced sepsis-induced BAL inflammatory cell recruitment, lung injury score and lung expression of mPGES-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Treatment with BI 1029539 also significantly prolonged survival of mice with severe sepsis. Anti-inflammatory and anti-migratory effect of BI 1029539 was confirmed in peripheral blood leukocytes from healthy volunteers.

Conclusions

BI 1029539 ameliorates leukocyte infiltration and lung injury resulting from both endotoxin-induced and sepsis-induced lung injury.
The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare delivery for people who use opioids: a scoping review
Authors: Alexander Karen , Pogorzelska-Maziarz Monika , Gerolamo Angela , Hassen Nadia , Kelly Erin L. , Rising Kristin L.
Published: August 2021

Research objective

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare delivery worldwide with likely negative effects on people who use opioids (PWUO). This scoping review of the original research literature describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare delivery for PWUO and identifies gaps in the literature.

Methods

This scoping review of the original research literature maps the available knowledge regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare delivery for PWUO. We utilized the methodology developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews, and content analyses methodology to characterize the current state of the literature.

Results

Of the 14 included studies, administrative database (n = 11), cross-sectional (n = 1) or qualitative (n = 2) studies demonstrated service gaps (n = 7), patient/provider experiences (n = 3), and patient outcomes for PWUO (n = 4). In March 2020, healthcare utilization dropped quickly, sharply increasing only for reasons of opioid overdose by May 2020. Service gaps existed in accessing treatment for new patients during the pandemic due to capacity and infrastructure limits. Physicians reported difficulty referring patients to begin an outpatient opioid treatment program due to increased restrictions in capacity and infrastructure. Patients also reported uncertainty about accessing outpatient treatment, but that telehealth initiation of buprenorphine increased access to treatment from home. Disproportionate increases in overdose rates among African Americans were reported in two studies, with differences by race and gender not examined in most studies. Fatal overdoses increased 60% in African Americans during the pandemic, while fatal overdoses in Non-Hispanic White individuals decreased.

Conclusions

In summary, this beginning evidence demonstrates that despite early reluctance to use the healthcare system, opioid overdose-related use of healthcare increased throughout the pandemic. Service delivery for medications to treat OUD remained at or above pre-pandemic levels, indicating the ability of telehealth to meet demand. Yet, racial disparities that existed pre-pandemic for PWUO are intensifying, and targeted intervention for high-risk groups is warranted to prevent further mortality. As the pandemic progresses, future research must focus on identifying and supporting subgroups of PWUO who are at heightened risk for experiencing negative outcomes and lack of access to care.
Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines
Authors: Coccolini Federico , Improta Mario , Sartelli Massimo , Rasa Kemal , Sawyer Robert , Coimbra Raul , Chiarugi Massimo , Litvin Andrey , Hardcastle Timothy , Forfori Francesco , Vincent Jean-Louis , Hecker Andreas , Ten Broek Richard , Bonavina Luigi , Chirica Mircea , Boggi Ugo , Pikoulis Emmanuil , Di Saverio Salomone , Montravers Philippe , Augustin Goran , Tartaglia Dario , Cicuttin Enrico , Cremonini Camilla , Viaggi Bruno , De Simone Belinda , Malbrain Manu , Shelat Vishal G. , Fugazzola Paola , Ansaloni Luca , Isik Arda , Rubio Ines , Kamal Itani , Corradi Francesco , Tarasconi Antonio , Gitto Stefano , Podda Mauro , Pikoulis Anastasia , Leppaniemi Ari , Ceresoli Marco , Romeo Oreste , Moore Ernest E. , Demetrashvili Zaza , Biffl Walter L. , Wani Imitiaz , Tolonen Matti , Duane Therese , Dhingra Sameer , DeAngelis Nicola , Tan Edward , Abu-Zidan Fikri , Ordonez Carlos , Cui Yunfeng , Labricciosa Francesco , Perrone Gennaro , Di Marzo Francesco , Peitzman Andrew , Sakakushev Boris , Sugrue Michael , Boermeester Marja , Nunez Ramiro Manzano , Gomes Carlos Augusto , Bala Miklosh , Kluger Yoram , Catena Fausto
Published: August 2021

Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not affect the general population. Management of this population must be multidisciplinary.

This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS) joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in immunocompromised patients.
Perioperative outcomes of combined heart surgery and lung tumor resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Shizhao , Jiang Yiyao , Li Xin , Lu Xike , Zhang Xun , Sun Daqiang
Published: August 2021

Objective

The prevalence of patients with concomitant heart and lung lesions requiring surgical intervention is increasing. Simultaneous cardiac surgery and pulmonary resection avoids the need for a second operation. However, there are concerns regarding the potentially increased mortality and complication rates of simultaneous surgery and the adequacy of lung exposure during heart surgery. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the perioperative mortality and complication rates of combined heart surgery and lung tumor resection.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed in July 2020. The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify studies that reported the perioperative outcomes of combined heart surgery and lung tumor resection. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by R version 3.6.1 using the meta package.

Results

A total of 536 patients from 29 studies were included. Overall, the pooled proportion of operative mortality was 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.03) and the pooled proportion of postoperative complications was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.57) for patients who underwent combined cardiothoracic surgery. Subgroup analysis by lung pathology revealed that, for patients with lung cancer, the pooled proportion of anatomical lung resection was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.00) and the pooled proportion of systematic lymph node dissection or sampling was 1.00 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.00). Subgroup analysis by heart surgery procedure found that the pooled proportion of postoperative complications of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients using the off-pump method was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.43), while the pooled proportion of complications after CABG using the on-pump method was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.82).

Conclusion

Combined heart surgery and lung tumor resection had a low mortality rate and an acceptable complication rate. Subgroup analyses revealed that most patients with lung cancer underwent uncompromised anatomical resection and mediastinal lymph node sampling or dissection during combined cardiothoracic surgery, and showed off-pump CABG may reduce the complication rate compared with on-pump CABG. Further researches are still needed to verify these findings.
A prospective randomised control trial comparing functional with mechanical axis alignment in total knee arthroplasty: study protocol for an investigator initiated trial
Authors: Steer Richard , Tippett Beth , Khan R. Nazim , Collopy Dermot , Clark Gavin
Published: August 2021

Background

A drive to improve functional outcomes for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has led to alternative alignment being used. Functional alignment (FA) uses intraoperative soft tissue tension to determine the optimal position of the prosthesis within the patient’s soft tissue envelope. Angular limits for bone resections are followed to prevent long-term prosthesis failure. This study will use the aid of robotic assistance to plan and implement the final prosthesis position. This method has yet to be compared to the traditional mechanically aligned (MA) knee in a randomised trial.

Methods

A blinded randomised control trial with 100 patients will be undertaken via Perth Hip and Knee Clinic. Fifty patients will undergo a MA TKA and fifty will undergo a FA TKA. Both alignment techniques will be balanced via computer-assisted navigation to assess prosthetic gaps, being achieved via the initial bony resection and further soft tissue releases as required to achieve satisfactory balance. The primary outcome will be the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) 2 years after surgery, with secondary outcomes being other patient-reported outcome measures, clinical functional assessment, radiographic position and complications. Other data that will be collected will be patient demography (sex, age, level of activity) and medical information (grade of knee injury, any other relevant medical information). The linear statistical model will be fitted to the response (FJS), including all the other variables as covariates.

Discussion

Many surgeons are utilising alternative alignment techniques with a goal of achieving better functional outcomes for their patients. Currently, MA TKA remains the gold standard with good outcomes and excellent longevity. There is no published RCTs comparing FA to MA yet and only two registered studies are planned or currently in progress. This study utilises a FA technique which differs from the two studies. This study will help determine if FA TKA has superior functional results for patients.

Trial registration

This trial has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) http://www.anzctr.org.au: U1111-1257-2291, registered 25th Jan 2021. It is also listed on www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04748510.
The effect of a case-finding app on the detection rate of atrial fibrillation compared with opportunistic screening in primary care patients: protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Beerten Simon Gabriël , Proesmans Tine , Vaes Bert
Published: August 2021

Background

Atrial fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia commonly encountered in a primary care setting. Current screening is limited to pulse palpation and ECG confirmation when an irregular pulse is found. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation will, however, still be difficult to pick up. With the advent of smartphones, screening could be more cost-efficient by making use of simple applications, lowering the need for intensive screening to discover (paroxysmal) atrial fibrillation.

Methods/design

This cluster randomized trial will examine the effect of using a smartphone-based application such as FibriCheck® on the detection rate of atrial fibrillation in a Flemish general practice population. This study will be conducted in 22 primary care practices across the Flanders region of Belgium and will last 12 months. Patients above 65 years of age will be divided in control and intervention groups on the practice level. The control group will be subjected to standard opportunistic screening only, while the intervention group will be prescribed the FibriCheck® app on top of this opportunistic screening. The difference in detection rate between control and intervention groups will be calculated at the end of the study.

We will use the online platform INTEGO for pseudonymized data collection and analysis, and risk calculation.

Discussion

Smartphone applications might offer a way to cost-effectively screen for (paroxysmal) atrial fibrillation in a primary care setting. This could open the door for the update of future screening guidelines.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04545723. Registered on September 10, 2020.
Ambient-task combined lighting to regulate autonomic and psychomotor arousal levels without compromising subjective comfort to lighting
Authors: Hayano Junichiro , Ueda Norihiro , Kisohara Masaya , Yoshida Yutaka , Yuda Emi
Published: August 2021

Background

Although evidence of both beneficial and adverse biological effects of lighting has accumulated, biologically favorable lighting often does not match subjectively comfortable lighting. By controlling the correlated color temperature (CCT) of ambient lights, we investigated the feasibility of combined lighting that meets both biological requirements and subjective comfort.

Methods

Two types of combined lightings were compared; one consisted of a high-CCT (12000 K) light-emitting diode (LED) panel as the ambient light and a low-CCT (5000 K) LED stand light as the task light (high-low combined lighting), and the other consisted of a low-CCT (4500 K) LED panel as the ambient light and the same low-CCT (5000 K) stand light as the task light (low-low combined lighting) as control. Ten healthy subjects (5 young and 5 elderly) were exposed to the two types of lighting on separate days. Autonomic function by heart rate variability, psychomotor performances, and subjective comfort were compared.

Results

Both at sitting rest and during psychomotor workload, heart rate was higher and the parasympathetic index of heart rate variability was lower under the high-low combined lighting than the low-low combined lighting in both young and elderly subject groups. Increased psychomotor alertness in the elderly and improved sustainability of concentration work performance in both age groups were also observed under the high-low combined lighting. However, no significant difference was observed in the visual-analog-scale assessment of subjective comfort between the two types of lightings.

Conclusions

High-CCT ambient lighting, even when used in combination with low-CCT task lighting, could increase autonomic and psychomotor arousal levels without compromising subjective comfort. This finding suggests the feasibility of independent control of ambient and task lighting as a way to achieve both biological function regulation and subjective comfort.
Dentists’ knowledge about osteoporosis and their ability to identify the disease
Authors: Ferreira Renato Vicente , Roizenblatt Suely , Szejnfeld Vera Lucia
Published: August 2021

Background

Osteoporosis is an underdiagnosed condition, and its seriousness is not considered until severe complications arise. This study aimed to evaluate general dentists’ knowledge about osteoporosis and their ability to identify patients with this disease by assessing mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) on panoramic dental radiographs using a visual method.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, an email questionnaire regarding the diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis was sent to 20,773 dentists in 2016. Those who completed the questionnaire were invited to participate in radiomorphometric training and then to analyze the MCI and MCW of 114 panoramic radiographs of postmenopausal women who underwent both panoramic radiography and bone densitometry. Based on the radiomorphometric indices and while blinded to the densitometry results, the dentists determined whether they would indicate densitometry for these patients.

Results

The response rate was 2.3%: 485 dentists completed the questionnaire, and 50 evaluated panoramic radiographs using the MCW and MCI. All of them reported some knowledge about osteoporosis, but 41.6% demonstrated a misleading conceptualization of the disease. Approximately 90% reported minimal access to this information during graduation, and only 27.0% were exposed to the topic during their postgraduate studies. Interest in osteoporosis prevention was expressed by 70.7% of the respondents, and interest in learning the radiomorphometric indices was expressed by 99.0%. The sensitivity in the detection of low bone mineral density through the MCW and MCI was 52.9%, and the specificity was 64%.

Conclusions

Brazilian dentists demonstrated insufficient knowledge about osteoporosis and a low ability to detect osteopenia or osteoporosis by applying radiomorphometric indices.
COVID-19 and mental health: a multi-country study—the effects of lockdown on the mental health of young adults
Authors: Shaikh Areeba , Peprah Ellen , Mohamed Rawan Hamed , Asghar Abeeha , Andharia Noor Viresh , Lajot Niel Anthony , Qureshi Muhmmad Fazal Hussain
Published: August 2021

Background

Lockdown conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the mental health of people, especially the youth. This study examined the effect of lockdown on mental health of Egypt, Ghana, India, Pakistan, and the Philippines and assessed the coping strategies in practice by youth.

Results

Philippines had the highest mean score in all three domains followed by Egypt, Pakistan, India, and then Ghana. There was a significant association of gender with stress, educational status with depression, and anxiety with stress. Students were associated with anxiety, and the history of close friends/family infected with COVID-19 was found to be associated with depression and stress scores. The most common coping strategy for the Philippines was self-destruction; for Pakistan was religion; and for Egypt, India, and Ghana was acceptance. Using linear regression model, the highest scores observed in all three domains were associated with avoidant coping.

Conclusions

The findings of the study confirm that COVID-19 lockdown has affected the mental health of young adults. In particular, the presence of negative coping strategies used by the youth tends to be an indicator of increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and it should be considered when planning interventions within this population.
Evaluation of ventricular systolic dysfunction as a risk factor for acute kidney injury in intensive care unit
Authors: Obiedallah Ahmed Aly , Shazly Ashraf Anwar E. L. , Nasr Noura Gamal , Abdel Aziz Essam M.
Published: August 2021

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a major health problem. Cardiac and renal diseases interact in a complex bidirectional manner in both acute and chronic settings. Renal dysfunction in the setting of heart failure, termed the cardio renal syndrome (CRS), has been considered consequence of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), whereby decreasing cardiac output (COP) results in renal under perfusion and consequent decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Main body of the abstract

This study showed that 500 patients were admitted to internal care unit (ICU), and out of them, 100 (20%) patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI) while 400 (80%) patients did not develop AKI. It is also showed that 67 (67%) of those with AKI and 100 (25%) of those with no-AKI had baseline ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), and biventricular dysfunction (BiVD)presented in 23 (23%), 16 (16%), and 28 (28%) patients of AKI group, respectively, and presented in 60 (15%), 30 (7.50%), and 10 (2.50%) patients, respectively, in patients without acute kidney injury (AKI)

Short conclusion

Our study revealed that AKI has highest incidence in patient with biventricular dysfunction followed by left ventricular dysfunction and lastly those with right ventricular dysfunction.
The healing of persons (médecine de la personne): reflections on Paul Tournier's contribution to person-centred medicine
Authors: Cox John
Published: August 2021

The development of Paul Tournier's médecine de la personne as a relational body/mind/spirit approach to healthcare provision is outlined in this paper. His holistic understanding of the nature of the person may assist psychiatrists, and other health professionals, to reintegrate the psychosocial/transcultural and neurosciences, and to develop the healing relationship with patients that is central to person-centred medicine.
Impact of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes’ fitness
Authors: Fodjo Behi Kouadio , Kropf Alida , Gonse Zoh Marius , Gba Sadia Christabelle , France-Paraudie Kouadio Affoué , Guibéhi Benjamin Koudou , Seidou Mouhamadou Chouaïbou
Published: August 2021

Background: There is increasing evidence of insecticide resistance spreading among wild mosquito populations, which is widely believed to compromise vector control once it reaches a threshold that enables mosquitoes to survive exposure to long lasting treated bed-net (LLIN) or indoor residual spraying (IRS). However, very little is known about the long-term impact of insecticide resistance on malaria transmission, which makes the consequence of insecticide resistance spreading difficult to predict.

Methods: To gain more clarity, we have assessed four life-history traits of a resistant Anopheles gambiae laboratory strain that was repeatedly exposed to a LLIN and compared with individuals issued from the same strain but exposed to an untreated bed-net.

Results: The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test did not show any significant impact of gonotrophic cycle on the five traits. However, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov non-parametric test revealed a significant (i) drop in blood feeding mean rates (D = 0.800; P< 0.0001), (ii) increase in 24-hours post-exposure (D = 0.600; P< 0.001) and (iii) end of gonotrophic cycle mortality (D = 0.611; P <0.006), and (iv) drop in egg laying rate (D = 0.730, P< 0.0001) when mosquitoes were exposed. Surprisingly, there was rather an upward trend in the number of L3 larvae/female mosquito for the exposed group comparing to the unexposed one, although the difference was not significant (D = 0.417, P> 0.05).

Conclusion: Our study shows that in a context of widespread of resistance to insecticides, current pyrethroid-based vector control tools can still confer protection against malaria.
A resolution record for cryoEM
Authors: Ashmore Jonathan , Carragher Bridget , Rosenthal Peter B , Weis William
Published: August 2021

Cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) is a fast-growing technique for structure determination. Two recent papers report the first atomic resolution structure of a protein obtained by averaging images of frozen-hydrated biomolecules. They both describe maps of symmetric apoferritin assemblies, a common test specimen, in unprecedented detail. New instrument improvements, different in the two studies, have contributed better images, and image analysis can extract structural information sufficient to resolve individual atomic positions. While true atomic resolution maps will not be routine for most proteins, the studies suggest structures determined by cryoEM will continue to improve, increasing their impact on biology and medicine.
Research of Projects for the Introduction of Innovative Technologies for Industrial Safety in Russian Oil and Gas Companies
Authors: Siutin Denis , Kutsenko Svetlana
Published: August 2021

According to Rostekhnadzor, an increased level of accidents is observed at the facilities of the oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation in 2021, in relation to the previous year. This is due to the insufficiently effective work of the production control services, the lack of a detailed analysis of each accident and accident, the prevention of the study of the causes.

Every year, the economic damage caused by accidents, industrial injuries, and occupational diseases increases both in the main and auxiliary activities of companies in the Russian oil and gas complex.

Recently, companies in various sectors of the economy have been paying great attention to the introduction of innovative technologies (IT) to ensure industrial safety (IS), including labor protection, fire safety and road safety.

It is relevant to study trends in the implementation of IT in the areas of safety assurance used by domestic oil and gas companies to reduce the number of accidents, eliminate occupational injuries and occupational diseases.

It should also be emphasized that the literature does not pay enough attention to comprehensive research reviews of projects for the implementation and practical application of IT in the field of IS, and, first of all, in oil and gas companies. These reviews are especially valuable for managers and specialists in the field of IS to make strategic and tactical timely management decisions for the implementation of IT. Research of projects on the introduction of innovative technologies for ensuring industrial safety in Russian oil and gas companies will allow you to build the entire decision-making chain: from goal setting to practical implementation.
Impact of the Project Manager's Leadership Type on the Level of IT Team Satisfaction in the Public and Private Sectors
Authors: Soloduhina Anna
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the project manager's leadership type influence on teams’ satisfaction in the IT sector in the public and private sectors. The study conducted a literature analysis; survey of employees of public and private companies, which were project teams members and were engaged in the IT field. Using statistical methods, a model of project managers’ leadership type influence on the level team satisfaction of the team was built and recommendations on increasing the level of employees’ satisfaction were given.
La noción de comunidad en Heidegger y su recepción en la filosofía francesa.
Authors: Basso Monteverde Leticia
Published: August 2021

El trabajo aborda la noción de comunidad en Heidegger en sus escritos y discursos del período del Rectorado en Friburgo (1933/34) y la compara con la perspectiva francesa (Bataille, Blanchot, Derrida, Nancy) en torno al debate contemporáneo sobre la comunidad. A propósito se analizan en detalle las nociones heideggerianas que estos pensadores trabajan, para distinguir qué aspectos de éstas retoman y cuáles rechazan. Con esto, el trabajo sostiene que esta comparación permite elaborar una reflexión sobre la tensión inherente a la noción de comunidad y, de este modo, descubrir por qué esta tensión es parte de su naturaleza
Hannah Arendt y el rescate de las apariencias: condiciones ontológicas de la vida política.
Authors: Lucena Góngora Borja
Published: August 2021

La filosofía de Hannah Arendt se movilizó poderosamente ante la decepción por lo que la tradición metafísica había categorizado como “apariencia”. De acuerdo con ella, el descrédito filosófico del aparecer facilitó poderosamente la desvalorización del mundo común y el ocaso consecuente de lo político. Pensar acerca de “lo que hacemos”, y pensarlo desde su articulación interna, exige, entonces, toda una reformulación de la ontología. Por esta razón, Arendt trazó en su obra no un pensamiento encerrado en los límites de la ciencia política, sino toda una fenomenología de la política asentada sobre una ontología del aparecer
El poema y la esencia del habla: En torno a los escritos heideggerianos de la década de 1950.
Authors: Sánchez Mayor Paula
Published: August 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo profundizar en la relación que en la filosofía heideggeriana tienen las nociones de “poema” y “habla”. Para ello se realiza un estudio de la obra más representativa a este respecto, De camino al habla, y se analiza el vínculo que esta obra tiene con las nociones de “esencia de la verdad” y “esencia del habla”.
INSPIRAÇÃO, COMUNICAÇÃO E EMPATIA COMO CARACTERÍSTICAS ESSENCIAIS À FORMAÇÃO DO MÉDICO HUMANISTA: INOVANDO ATRAVÉS DE UNIVERSIDADES CRIATIVAS
Authors: De Oliveira Carolina Maciel , Silva Ana Flávia Assis , Bertol Sônia Regina Schena , Brito Rebeca Simões , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto , De Oliveira Camila Maciel
Published: August 2021

Contribuir para o explorar de novas ideias e possibilidades, através de metodologias que possam inspirar, instigar a criatividade e estimular o pensamento inovador de estudantes do curso de Medicina, é um dos objetivos do programa “Little Hearts Changing Lives” (LHCL). Projetos de extensão com esta característica proporciona, ainda, potencial para o desenvolvimento de competências como empatia e comunicação, essenciais para a formação do médico humanista. A metodologia que compõe o programa LHCL oferece estratégias para que os discentes sejam envolvidos em atividades criativas de aprendizagem. Desta forma, relatamos a experiência extramuros de discentes do quarto período do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), em que o conhecimento adquirido na disciplina de Fisiologia Cardiovascular fora aplicado à comunidade escolar com o intuito de incentivar a mudança de comportamento acerca de hábitos de vida saudáveis.
APRENDIZAGEM POR MEIO DE PROJETOS: RELATO DE UMA VIVÊNCIA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE SOBRE DOENÇAS DE TRANSMISSÃO ALIMENTAR
Authors: Fontana Rosane Teresinha , Wachekowski Giovana , Reginaldo Daiane Signorini , Figueiredo Thaysi Carmet , Schawinsky Maykdyelli Flaviani
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de uma atividade de educação em saúde realizada por acadêmicas de enfermagem, referente a temática doenças de transmissão alimentar. Relato da Experiência: a atividade foi realizada junto a estudantes do 5º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal, com o uso de uma metodologia que instigou a participação dos mesmos na aprendizagem dos demais colegas, através da confecção de histórias em quadrinhos sobre doenças diarreicas agudas de importância epidemiológica. Considerações Finais: é possível visualizar a importância da enfermagem em atividades como essa, visto que uma das suas responsabilidades é contribuir para o empoderamento da população com conhecimentos acerca dos fatores determinantes e condicionantes de saúde.
ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA E REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS: UMA NARRATIVA DOCENTE
Authors: Simplício Paula Roberta Galvão , Santos Adriana Cavalcanti dos
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a narrativa de uma professora de Biologia de um Instituto Federal sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (PROEJA) na perspectiva das Representações Sociais. A referida investigação é de cunho qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso. A coleta de dados, narrativas da professora do PROEJA, deu-se por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, cujo corpus de análise foi tratado com base na Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que, para professora investigada, a articulação entre o ensino de Ciências e a contextualização do ensino podem potencializar o processo ensino-aprendizagem, construído por meio de estratégias de ensino interdisciplinares, bem como motivar os alunos para uma permanência escolar. De modo que entender suas Representações Sociais pode influenciar diretamente em sua prática docente.
AS RELAÇÕES DE AMIZADE NO CONTEXTO DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: IMPLICAÇÕES NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS PEQUENA
Authors: Barbosa Renan Gonçalves , Santana Maria Luzia da Silva
Published: August 2021

A criança durante toda a escolarização passa por vários processos de adaptação, a exemplo de novo ambiente e as novas relações sociais. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de discutir a amizade na infância e suas contribuições no processo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da criança na Educação Infantil. A partir desta ótica, realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico sobre o tema, considerando a educação infantil e as crianças dessa faixa etária. A partir da perspectiva histórico-cultural foi possível observar que a criação de laços afetivos, denominados de amizade, podem contribuir para o processo de desenvolvimento infantil e auxiliar no ensino-aprendizagem, uma vez que eles se relacionam com o bem-estar social, adaptação e desenvolvimento cognitivo. Também observou-se lacuna de pesquisas brasileiras que contemplem a temática, assim estudos empíricos acerca da amizade na infância e suas implicações na aprendizagem poderão contribuir com a educação infantil.
EDUCAR PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE: UM ESTUDO DE CAMPO SOBRE OS REFLEXOS GERADOS PELA EDUCAÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Bonassina Ana Lucia Berno , Kuroshima Katia Naomi
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho se propôs a avaliar o impacto da educação sustentável por meio do estudo de campo com jovens em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. O artigo estabelece uma pesquisa com estudantes do 8º e 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, e 1º ano e 2º ano do Ensino Médio de escolas do município de Itajaí (SC), vinculados a um Projeto de Extensão Universitária sobre Educação Ambiental. Inicialmente, realizou-se a aplicação do questionário visando avaliar o conhecimento prévio dos estudantes sobre a temática. Uma vez por mês, durante sete meses, os alunos participaram de atividades planejadas e executadas por acadêmicos e professores do Curso de Oceanografia que abordavam a temática sustentabilidade ambiental. Esses momentos objetivavam desenvolver um cidadão consciente do ambiente de maneira integral, de forma a estar preocupado com os problemas associados a ele e que tenha o conhecimento, as atitudes, motivações, envolvimento e habilidades para trabalhar individual e coletivamente em busca de soluções para resolver os problemas ambientais atuais e prevenir os futuros. Ao término dos encontros realizou-se uma nova aplicação do questionário. A análise dos dados obtidos possibilitou a elaboração das considerações a respeito do projeto e de seus reflexos na vivência dos estudantes. O projeto serviu como motivação aos estudantes para adotarem um posicionamento sustentável com ações que visem à preservação do meio ambiente. No entanto, a temática sustentabilidade não deve estar restrita somente a esses momentos propostos, mas sim ser trabalhada de forma continuada durante todos os anos escolares de maneira interdisciplinar, auxiliando, assim, na formação de cidadãos íntegros e conscientes ambientalmente.
EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA E MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS ESPECÍFICOS: REFLEXÕES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Coelho Iandra Maria Weirich da Silva , Andrade Bruno Da Silva
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a importância da criação e implementação de materiais didáticos específicos direcionados para estudantes indígenas em escolas urbanas. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados incluem pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com foco na análise das políticas educacionais que regem a educação escolar indígena e um levantamento de materiais didáticos específicos, analisados com o auxílio de um software, por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa-interpretativista, baseada em descrição de frequência. Os resultados apontam a relevância à revitalização da variedade de línguas e diversidade das situações culturais, linguísticas e geográficas dos povos autóctones, presentes em algumas produções, contudo, entre os desafios, demonstra a carência de discussões que incluam as concepções relacionadas à interculturalidade, formação integral e multilinguismo, bem como, a emergência da elaboração e publicação de materiais didáticos que contemplem estudantes indígenas e não indígenas.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DO CORPO E A CIRCUAMBULAÇÃO EM LUGARES SAGRADOS
Authors: Costa Otávio José Lemos
Published: August 2021

O presente texto busca compreender como determinadas práticas rituais atreladas às formas simbólicas espaciais, promovem movimentos ou pequenos itinerários que sugerem mobilidades e que se tipificam pelo movimento de circuambulação em vários lugares sagrados. O andar pelo espaço sagrado constitui um fluxo contínuo, idealizado por um movimento inconsequente e ao mesmo tempo consequente. Ao adentrar o lugar o sagrado, o fiel se apropriam deste lugar e por um sentimento de pertencimento idealiza seu lar. Evocam uma imagem de um passado mitificado.  Movimentos estes que apresentam performances associadas à dimensão do corpo representado pelo movimento cíclico, determinando assim práticas ritualísticas. Assim, procuramos compreender como as práticas ritualísticas se inserem na lógica de micro itinerários simbólicos representados pela circuambulação e que se objetivam na construção de determinados lugares sagrados aqui representados por fiéis ou peregrinos que visitam santuários ou cidades sagradas.