bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kızılçam Meşcerelerinde Alfa Tür Çeşitliliği – Yetişme Ortamı İlişkileri: Gölhisar Yöresi Örneği
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Özdemir , NEGİZ Mehmet Güvenç , GÜLSOY Serkan
Published: September 2019

Türkiye’de
özellikle yayılış alanları itibariyle önemli bir asli orman ağacı olan Kızılçam
türünü konu alan birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir, Ancak kızılçam meşcerelerinde yetişme ortamı
özelliklerine bağlı olarak alfa tür çeşitliliği üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar yok
denecek kadar az sayıdadır. Bu çalışma Gölhisar yöresinde bulunan doğal
Kızılçam meşcerelerinde alfa bitki tür çeşitliliği ve yetişme ortamı
ilişkilerini ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir, Araştırmada
Gölhisar yöresinde doğal kızılçam meşcerelerinde çalışılmış ve 20x20 m boyutlarında 42 örnekleme
alanından elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır, Örnekleme alanlarında bitki
türlerinin kaplama alanı değerleri Braun-Blaquet yöntemine göre
kaydedilmiştir, Daha sonra bu değerler Fonteain vd, (2007) tarafından
önerildiği şekilde 0-1 aralığında sayısallaştırılmıştır, Yetişme ortamı
özelliklerinden yükselti, eğim, bakı, radyasyon indeksi, sıcaklık indeksi, bakı
uygunluk indeksi ve iklim değişkenleri (Yıllık ortalama sıcaklık vb,) elde edilmiştir, Her
örnekleme alanında alfa bitki tür çeşitliliği Shannon indisine göre PAST
programı yardımıyla hesaplandıktan sonra bu değerler ile yetişme ortamı
özelliklerine ait veriler SPPS paket programında Pearson korelasyon analizine
tabi tutulmuştur,  Ayrıca örnekleme alanlarına ait Shannon çeşitlilik değerleri
ile çevresel değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler yine PAST paket programında Temel
Bileşenler Analizi (TBA) ile ortaya konulmuştur, 42 örnek alandan elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, Shannon çeşitlilik indisi değerleri 1,466 ile 2,834
aralığında değişim göstermiştir, Pearson korelasyon analizi sonucunda alfa tür
çeşitliliği ile kireçtaşı anakayası arasında pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu tespit
edilmiştir, TBA sonucunda; alfa tür çeşitliliği ile eğim ve kireç
taşı anakayası arasında pozitif,
sıcaklık indeksi ve kumtaşı anakayası ile ise negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Managing Tidal Inlets
Authors: French Jonathan Akin
Published: September 2019

Sandy inlets are in a dynamic equilibrium between wave-driven littoral drift acting to close them, and tidal flows keeping them open. Their beds are in a continual state of suspension and deposition, so their bathymetry and even location are always in flux. Even so, a nearly linear relationship between an inlet’s cross-sectional flow area and the inshore tidal prism is maintained - except when major wind and/or runoff events act to close or widen an inlet. Inlet location can be stabilized by jetties, but dredging may still be necessary to maintain a navigable channel. Armoring with rock large enough to resist erosion can protect an inlet bed or river mouth from excessive storm flow erosion.  Armoring can also be used as a stratagem to close inlets.
INTERPRETASI DATA RESISTIVITAS UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI MUNCULNYA LONGSOR SUSULAN DI BLOK V WAYAME AMBON
Authors: Sapulete Sisca M. , Souisa Matheus , Jubaedah Sitti
Published: September 2019

Research of the Block V Wayame Ambon slide planes has been carried out using the geoelectric resissivity method of the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. The purpose of the study was to estimate the structure of the subsurface rock layer and identify the distribution of slide plane based on the cross section of rock resistivity. The rock resistivity modeling results show the existence of a slip zone on both measurement trajectories. On the Line-1 it was assumed that two slide planes found at a depth of 2.0 m located at a distance of 6.0 m and 38.0 m, while on the Line-2 the slide planes are in 2.5 m depth is located at a distance of 28.0 m. The slip zone which is a landslide-prone area lies in the intermediate resistivity group (30-70 W.m) with the type of sand or clay sand which overlaps the high resistivity group (> 70 W.m) in the form of a hard claystone (bedrock). Landslide-prone zones can have the potential for a subsequent landslide to occur by allowing the potential spread of landslides to remain at their original location in the event of disturbances on the slopes and the opportunity to shift towards the top of the slope.
A Study on the Integrated Approach to Multiplication in Elementary School Mathematics
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Lee Jiyoung
Published: September 2019

This study proposed an integrated approach to multiplication as a way to help students understand multiplication in elementary mathematics. The integrated approach to multiplication is to give students a broad understanding of multiplication by solving a situation of multiplication in a variety of ways in mathematics classes, exploring and discussing each other's methods. The integrated approach to multiplication was derived from a number of previous studies that emphasized various approaches, a consistent approach, and a specific approach to multiplication. As results, the integrated approach of multiplication can be interpreted in four ways as a situation of multiplication, and each method is connected to important characteristics of multiplication emphasized in previous studies. In addition, this study has theoretically confirmed that the integrated approach to multiplication is important not only for multiplication but also for division, fraction and operation of fractions, ratios, rates, and proportions. This study is expected to provide some implications for teachers with regard to multiplication in elementary school mathematics.
Durability and Depressive States in ATO/OCF Participants with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: М. М. Козачок  , М. М. Селюк  , М. І. Омеляшко  , І. М. Савчук  , О. В. Селюк
Published: September 2019

AG takes the first place in the structure of the prevalence of circulatory system diseases and is one of the main reasons for the release of military men for medical displays. In Europe, prevalence of depression among patients with arterial hypertension ranges from 8,2% to 62,5%, while anxiety disorders are noted in 12,0% to 63,7%.The objective: to study the presence of anxiety and depression in ATO patients with arterial hypertension and to analyze the degree of their severity depending on the stage of the disease.Materials and methods. The study included 119 soldiers, who were divided into groups: the first group (n = 69) – hypertensive patients who participated in the ATO; the second group (n = 30) – patients with hypertension who did not participate in the ATO; control group (n = 20) – healthy faces.Results. In troops, patients with hypertension, who took part in ATO, depression occurs more often (65%) than in the comparison group. At the same time, the most significant stage is noted in patients with І and ІІІ degree of disease. Depressive conditions in military patients with hypertension, who did not participate in АТО were defined in 57% of patients. Disturbances in military personnel suffering from arterial hypertension of ATO participants were detected in 88%. At the same time, the degree of gravity increases with the progression of the disease. The soldiers, patients with hypertension who did not participate in the ATO, the percentage of anxiety states was 40 and their degree of severity was significantly less pronounced.Conclusion. In the management of patients with arterial hypertension, participants of the ATO shall be identified for the presence of anxiety disorders and depression and timely appointed targeted therapy to prevent the rapid progression of the underlying disease and the development of complications.
Вплив кількості пресових петель на властивості подвійного трикотажу
Authors: Кизимчук О. П. , Буряк О. В. , Головня О. В.
Published: September 2019

The establishing of the influence of the number of took loops in the repeat of combined interloping on the  structure`s  parameters  and  the  properties  of  the  weft  knitted  fabric,  which  is  formed  by  alternating courses of rib 1 + 1 and half-cardigan, is the purpose of the work. All knitted samples have been produced on a  10-gauge  flat  bed  knitting  machine  from  32x2  tex  semi-wool  yarn.  Methodology.  The  study  of  the structure`s parameters and the relaxation characteristics has been carried out according to standard methods after providing the fabrics with conditionally equilibrium state by wet-heat treatment.
Исследование параметров строения и дизайна азербайджанских национальніх платков келагаи
Authors: Рамазанова Х. , Фарзалиев М. , Искандерова Э.
Published: September 2019

The  publication  presents  the design  features  of an  important  component  of  the national  female Azerbaijani  costume  -  kelagai  shawls.  A  historical  analysis  of  the  development  of  the  kelagai  production, which reflects the ethnographic, historical, artistic features of folk art, is carried out.
Розробка сучасного одягу для людей з інвалідністю
Authors: Супрун Н. П. , Зубкова Л. І. , Пожилов-Несміян Г. М. , Ващенко Ю. О.
Published: September 2019

Improvement of the process of clothing development for people with different types of disabilities, due to the algorithm of the sequence of designing and manufacturing of products, schemes of solutions for the improvement of sewing products, taking into account special  requirements for design, materials and technology for the manufacture of adaptive clothing.
Narrativas sobre o golpe no Brasil: acontecimento, jornalismo e disputas de sentido
Authors: Carvalho Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2019

Ancorados em acontecimentos políticos brasileiros recentes – o impeachment de Dilma Roussef e os processos judiciais que levaram à condenação e prisão do ex-presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva – refletimos sobre disputas de sentido e jogos de poder que envolvem os gestos de narrar jornalisticamente os acontecimentos. Metodologicamente, analisamos notícias recolhidas dos sites Uol e Jornal GGN, adotando como procedimento entrecruzamentos possíveis entre narrativas e acontecimentos. Da análise emergem disputas de sentido na definição dos acontecimentos políticos que contrapõem a noção de golpe contra a democracia à de ações políticas e judiciais pautadas por princípios constitucionais.
Aktivitas Antiparkinson Ekstrak Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma Xathorriza Roxb.) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Sprague Dawley Yang Diinduksi Haloperidol
Authors: Anitasari Nofika Dwi , Peranginangin Jason Merari , Handayani Sri Rejeki
Published: September 2019

Temulawak (Curcuma xathorriza Roxb.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung kurkumin. Kurkumin dalam ekstrak etanol rimpang temulawak telah terbukti dapat menembus sawar darah otak dan memiliki efek neuroprotektif sehingga dapat mengurangi gejala parkinson yang diakibatkan oleh haloperidol. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol rimpang temulawak dalam mengurangi gejala parkinson dan mengetahui dosis efektif ekstrak rimpang temulawak dalam mengurangi gejala parkinson.Penelitian ini menggunakan 35 ekor tikus yang terbagi menjadi 7 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Kelompok 1 diberi aquadestilata (kontrol sehat). Kelompok II diberi larutan CMC-Na 0,5% p.o (kontrol negatif). Kelompok III diberi larutan levodopa dosis 27 mg/kgbb (kontrol positif). Kelompok IV diberi larutan vitamin E dosis 180 IU/kgbb (kontrol positif). Kelompok V, VI, VII diberi ekstrak temulawak berturut-turut 120, 240 dan 480 mg/kgbb. 45 menit kemudian semua kelompok kecuali kelompok I diberi haloperidol 2 mg/kgbb i.p. Uji catalepsy dan rota rod dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 4, 7,11 dan ke 14.Dari uji catalepsy ekstrak temulawak dosis 120, 240, 480 mg/kgbb berturut-turut menunjukkan aktivitas penurunan katalepsi sebesar 23,25; 52,28 dan 58,56 %. Sedangkan pada uji rota rod menunjukkan aktivitas peningkatan waktu latensi berturut-turut sebesar 26,87; 30,34 dan 34,58 %. Dosis efektif ekstrak rimpang temulawak dalam mengurangi gejala parkinson adalah dosis 240 mg/kgbb
Pelaksanaan Pengembangan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Bagi Anak dalam Konteks Alam Takambang Jadi Guru
Authors: Nengsi Mutia Indra , Eliza Delfi
Published: September 2019

Pengembangan karakter peduli lingkungan sangat penting dikenalkan sejak usia dini, karena jika sejak usia dini sudah ditanamkan rasa peduli lingkungan, maka sampai dewasa anak akan peduli pada lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang pelaksanaan pengembangan karakter peduli lingkungan bagi anak dalam konteks alam takambang jadi guru di TK Alam Minangkabau Padang. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Sumber informasi dari penelitian ini yaitu kepala sekolah dan guru TK Alam Minangkabau Padang. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yakni observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik keabsahan data pada penelitian ini adalah triangulasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu pelaksanaan pengembangan karakter peduli lingkungan dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan pembelajaran. Guru membuat perencanaan tentang kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan dalam mengembangkan karakter peduli lingkungan dalam bentuk lesson plan berupa yearly plan, semester plan, wekkly plan dan dayly plan . Guru juga melakukan evaluasi pada kegiatan peduli lingkungan melalui pengamatan, dokumentasi, rapor portofolio dan rapor narasi
Effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in epileptic rats
Authors: Wang Shun , Mao Shanping , Yao Baozhen , Xiang Dan , Fang Congcong
Published: September 2019

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been considered as a treatment option for depression and anxiety. However, its role in epilepsy comorbid with depression and anxiety is unclear. Therefore, we evaluated whether low-frequency rTMS can alleviate depression- and anxiety-like behavior in epileptic rats. Forty-eight adult rats were allocated at random to four groups: Control, Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), PTZ-rTMS and PTZ-Sham. The control group received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline, while the other groups received intraperitoneal injections of pentylenetetrazol (35 mg/kg/d) once a day for 15 days. Low-frequency rTMS or sham stimulation were administered to the PTZ-rTMS and PTZ-Sham group, respectively, over the two-week period. The open-field test (OFT), elevated plus-maze test (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST) were carried out before the experiment, on the 8th and 15th day to assess depression- and anxiety-like behavior in the rats. Two weeks of low-frequency rTMS treatment could not impair the increases of seizure severity in epileptic rats. However, relative to the PTZ and PTZ-Sham group, the two-week low-frequency rTMS treatment significantly reduced the immobility time in the forced swimming test and attenuated the progressive decrease in total distance traveled, frequency of rearing, velocity in the open-field test, number of entries in the open arms (%) and the time spent in the open arms (%) in the elevated plus-maze test of the PTZ-rTMS group. We proposed that low-frequency rTMS can benefit epileptic rats via amelioration of comorbid depression and anxiety, but it can not alleviate the seizure severity.
Current anti-Alzheimer’s disease effect of natural products and their principal targets
Authors: Zhu Ye , Peng Le , Hu Jian , Chen Yan , Chen Faxiu
Published: September 2019

Various bioactive substances isolated from natural products play a pivotal role in the prevention and cure of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Currently, there are many theories about the pathogenesis of this disease. In this review we discuss among them, the cholinergic hypotheses, the Aβ toxicity hypothesis, and the tau dysfunction hypothesis. Multiple potential targets are a focus for the development of anti-AD drugs. There is an urgent need to develop more effective therapies to treat and delay the onset of the disease and to find safe and effective drugs. In this review, the recent progress of anti-AD effects and their principal targets are updated.
MiR-361-3p inhibits β-amyloid accumulation and attenuates cognitive deficits through targeting BACE1 in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ji Yangfei , Wang Dan , Zhang Boai , Lu Hong
Published: September 2019

The role of miR-361-3p in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease is unknown. The target scan was used to screen potential target genes of miR-361-3p, and β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) was emphasized. Results from western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that down-regulated miR-361-3p was correlated with up-regulated BACE1 in Alzheimer’s disease patients’ brains. Luciferase assay confirmed that miR-361-3p directly targets BACE1. MiR-361-3p overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed and found that miR-361-3p could regulate the expression of BACE1, and the accumulation of APP-β in APPswe transfected SH-SY5Y cell. A Morris water maze test was performed and showed that overexpression of miR-361-3p improved cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. We found miR-361-3p inhibited β-amyloid accumulation by targeting BACE1, which thus weakened cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.
Superoxide dismutase coding of gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Liu Chunlei , Fang Jinju , Liu Wenke
Published: September 2019

Oxidative stress linked to the etiology of Parkinson’s disease, which is characterized by chronic and progressive neurodegeneration of dopamine neurons. Superoxide dismutase enzymes (SODs) regarded as the first line of defense against oxidative damage. This study assessed the potential associations of gene polymorphisms in SOD1 (encoding Cu/Zn-SOD), SOD2 (encoding Mn-SOD) and SOD3 (encoding extracellular-SOD) with susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease. A case-control study, including Parkinson’s disease cases (n = 356) and controls (n = 370). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of SOD1 (rs2070424 A/G), SOD2 (rs4880 T/C) and SOD3 (rs1799895, C/G) were genotyped. Results indicated that AG or GG genotype carriers in SOD1 had a much greater risk of Parkinson’s disease compared to corresponding AA genotypes, and allele G carriers had increased risk versus allele A carriers in the single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2070424 A/G) in SOD1. Further, TC or CC genotype carriers in SOD2 had a much higher risk of Parkinson’s disease compared with corresponding TT genotypes, and the C carriers had an increased risk over allele T carriers in the single nucleotide polymorphism (rs4880 T/C) in SOD2. Together, carrying allele G in the single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2070424 A/G) in SOD1, or allele C in the single nucleotide polymorphism (rs4880 T/C) in SOD2, enhances genetic susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease.
Neuroanatomical correlates of trait gambling-related cognitive distortions
Authors: Lu Huanhua , Kong Xiangzhen , Kong Feng
Published: September 2019

Abundant evidence suggests that gambling-related cognitive distortions play a crucial role in disruptive gambling behavior. However, to date, there have been few efforts to address the neuroanatomical basis of inter-individual differences in trait gambling-related cognitive distortions. We applied voxel-based morphometry to explore the neuroanatomical correlates of trait gambling-related cognitive distortions by correlating regional gray matter volume with behavioral scores tested by the gambling attitudes and beliefs survey. The results show that individuals with a higher degree of gambling-related cognitive distortion present greater gray matter volume in the frontal orbital cortex, insula cortex, temporal fusiform cortex and precentral gyrus/superior frontal gyrus in the right hemisphere. In contrast, these individuals present reduced gray matter volume in the left putamen, left lateral occipital cortex, right lateral occipital cortex, and right cuneal cortex. These results suggest that trait gambling-related cognitive distortions are influenced by brain regions involved in subjective reward value, interoception, and risk prediction, and explain how gambling-related cognitive distortions lead to persistent involvement in gambling.
Automatic eye blink artifact removal for EEG based on a sparse coding technique for assessing major mental disorders
Authors: Zafar Raheel , Qayyum Abdul , Mumtaz Wajid
Published: September 2019

In the electroencephalogram recorded data are often confounded with artifacts, especially in the case of eye blinks. Different methods for artifact detection and removal are discussed in the literature, including automatic detection and removal. Here, an automatic method of eye blink detection and correction is proposed where sparse coding is used for an electroencephalogram dataset. In this method, a hybrid dictionary based on a ridgelet transformation is used to capture prominent features by analyzing independent components extracted from a different number of electroencephalogram channels. In this study, the proposed method has been tested and validated with five different datasets for artifact detection and correction. Results show that the proposed technique is promising as it successfully extracted the exact locations of eye blinking artifacts. The accuracy of the method (automatic detection) is 89.6% which represents a better estimate than that obtained by an extreme machine learning classifier.
Contingent negative variation for the periodicity of migraine attacks without aura
Authors: Tian Qiang , Xu Song , Guo Yunliang , Li Jin , Han Mimi , Ma Yingjuan , Hou Xunyao , Chen Jian , Luo Dingzhen , Hong Yan , Nie Shanjing , Liu Xueping
Published: September 2019

Migraine is a primary neuropsychological disorder, although its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. It has been reported that using contingent negative variation, the periodicity of migraine attacks is three days in adults. However, there is still a lack of relevant reports about the periodicity of migraine without aura in adults. Therefore, we investigated the changes of contingent negative variation in adults with migraine without aura from three to seven days after migraine attacks in order to provide the basis for exploring the circulation periodicity of migraine without aura. This prospective, observational study involved a group of 34 individuals with migraine without aura, who were screened during the three to seven days after a migraine attack without aura. A healthy group (31 individuals) was used as controls to assess the amplitudes of contingent negative variation and habituation of early contingent negative variation. Indices of the amplitudes included overall contingent negative variation, initial contingent negative variation, terminal contingent negative variation, and postoperative negative contingent variation. Differences between these indicators were analyzed. No significant difference was found between the patient and control groups for either the amplitudes of these measures of contingent negative variation or habituation of the early contingent negative variation for three to seven days after a migraine attack without aura (all P > 0.05). Thus, the study reported here found that the periodicity of migraine attacks without aura in adults is more than three days.
Modulation of the autonomic nervous system through mind and body practices as a treatment for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bashir M. Usmaan , Bhagra Anjali , Kapa Suraj , McLeod Christopher J.
Published: September 2019

Atrial fibrillation is the most common symptomatic arrhythmia that is associated with stroke. Contemporary management of the disease is focused on anticoagulation to prevent stroke, coupled with catheter ablation to limit symptoms and prevent deleterious cardiac remodeling. Emerging data highlights the importance of lifestyle modification by managing sleep apnea, increasing physical activity, and weight loss. There is significant data that supports a link between the autonomic nervous system, arrhythmia development, and atrial fibrillation therapy. It is likely that lifestyle modification through these techniques that are aimed to reduce stress may also mediate atrial fibrillation development through this mechanism. This review examines how mind and body practices such as meditation, yoga, and acupuncture may influence the autonomic nervous system and mitigate atrial fibrillation progression and regression. Available evidence from molecular and anatomical levels through to clinical observations and translational clinical trials were scrutinized and a case established for these interventions as potential powerful mediators of anti-arrhythmic benefit.
Diet-induced chronic syndrome, metabolically transformed trimethylamine-N-oxide, and the cardiovascular functions
Authors: Hardin Shanna J. , Singh Mahavir , Eyob Wintana , Molnar Jack C. , Homme Rubens P. , George Akash K. , Tyagi Suresh C.
Published: September 2019

Recent studies have shown that the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract and its microbiome impact the functioning of various body systems by regulating immunological responses, extracting energy, remodeling intestinal epithelia, and strengthening the gut itself. The gastrointestinal tract microbiota includes bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, and archaea which collectively comprise a dynamic community prone to alterations via influences such as the environment, illness, and metabolic processes. The idea that the host’s diet possesses characteristics that could potentially alter microbiota composition is a novel notion. We hypothesize that a high fat diet leads to the alteration of the gastrointestinal microbiota composition and that metabolic transformation of the compound trimethylamine into trimethylamine-N-oxide promotes vasculopathy such as atherosclerosis and affects cardiovascular functionality. Furthermore, we hypothesize that treatment with probiotics will restore the homeostatic environment (eubiosis) of the gastrointestinal tract.
Optical Coherence Tomography Vulnerable Plaque Segmentation Based on Deep Residual U-Net
Authors: Li Lincan , Jia Tong
Published: September 2019

Automatic and accurate segmentation of intravascular optical coherence tomography imagery is of great importance in computer-aided diagnosis and in treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, this task has not been well addressed for two reasons. First, because of the difficulty of acquisition, and the laborious labeling from personnel, optical coherence tomography image datasets are usually small. Second, optical coherence tomography images contain a variety of imaging artifacts, which hinder a clear observation of the vascular wall. In order to overcome these limitations, a new method of cardiovascular vulnerable plaque segmentation is proposed. This method constructs a novel Deep Residual U-Net to segment vulnerable plaque regions. Furthermore, in order to overcome the inaccuracy in object boundary segmentation which previous research has shown extensively, a loss function consisting of weighted cross-entropy loss and Dice coefficient is proposed to solve this problem. Thorough experiments and analysis have been carried out to verify the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed method.
Store-operated calcium channels: Potential target for the therapy of hypertension
Authors: Bhullar Sukhwinder K. , Shah Anureet K. , Dhalla Naranjan S.
Published: September 2019

Effective therapy of hypertension represents a key strategy for reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease and its associated mortality. The significance of voltage dependent L-type Ca 2+ channels to Ca 2+ influx, and of their regulatory mechanisms in the development of heart disease, is well established. A wide variety of L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitors and Ca2+ antagonists have been found to be beneficial not only in the treatment of hypertension, but also in myocardial infarction and heart failure. Over the past two decades, another class of Ca 2+ channel - the voltage independent store-operated Ca 2+ channel - has been implicated in the regulation and fine tuning of Ca2+ entry in both cardiac and smooth muscle cells. Store-operated Ca2+ channels are activated by the depletion of Ca2+ stores within the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum, or by low levels of cytosolic Ca 2+, thereby facilitating agonist-induced Ca 2+ influx. Store-operated Ca 2+ entry through this pivotal pathway involves both stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai channels. Different degrees of changes in these proteins are considered to promote Ca2+ entry and hence contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular dysfunction. Several blockers of store-operated Ca 2+ channels acting at the level of both STIM and Orai channels have been shown to depress Ca 2+ influx and lower blood pressure. However, their specificity, safety, and clinical significance remain to be established. Thus, there is an ongoing challenge in the development of selective inhibitors of store-operated Ca2+ channels that act in vascular smooth muscles for the improved treatment of hypertension.
Serum albumin in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis
Authors: Hsieh Wan Chin , Aboud Anas , chael Henry Brandon M. , Omara Mohamed , Lindner Jaroslav , Pirk Jan
Published: September 2019

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is becoming a more common therapeutic option for the treatment of aortic stenosis in patients at high risk for invasive surgery, but detecting which patients will benefit clinically can be challenging. Hypoalbuminemia is a useful prognostic marker for chronic inflammation in this population. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the prognostic value of serum albumin level in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. A literature search of PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, BIOSIS, Wanfang, and CNKI databases was conducted. Articles published between January 2000 and December 2017 reporting on the prognostic value of low levels of serum albumin in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement were analyzed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. 11 studies including 6456 patients met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. A lower serum albumin level was associated with a lower survival rate at follow-up in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement. A sub-group analysis of eight studies reporting adjusted hazard ratios indicated that low serum albumin was independently correlated with increased post-operative mortality. The hazard ratio of mortality risk associated with each 1 g/dL increment in serum albumin level was 0.46, suggesting a potential dose-response relationship between increased serum albumin level and increased survival rate in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This meta-analysis provides strong evidence for the utility of serum albumin as a prognostic marker in aortic stenosis patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement, with low serum albumin levels (2.5-3.5 g/dL) suggesting poor prognosis.
Continuation of Chronic Heart Failure Therapies During Heart Failure Hospitalization - a Review
Authors: Singhania Girish , Ejaz Abutaleb A. , McCullough Peter A. , Kluger Aaron Y. , Balamuthusamy Saravanan , Dass Bhagwan , Singhania Namrata , Agarwal Adhish
Published: September 2019

Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the benefits of guideline-directed medical therapy in the outpatient setting for treatment of chronic heart failure. However, the benefits of continuation (or discontinuation) of major chronic heart failure therapies when treating acute heart failure during hospitalization are less clear. Real and anticipated worsening renal function, hyperkalemia and hypotension are the three major reasons for discontinuation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors during hospitalization, and a failure to resume renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors before discharge could worsen cardiovascular outcomes. Available data, mostly observational, shows that continuation or initiation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors appears efficacious, safe, and well tolerated in majority of acute heart failure patients during hospitalization. Worsening renal function portends poor prognosis only if associated with congestion in acute heart failure, and clinicians should not de-escalate diuretic therapy routinely for worsening renal function.
Građanskopravni standard medicinskog tretmana
Authors: Vojković Hrvoje
Published: September 2019

Istražujući građanskopravni standard obavljanja medicinskog tretmana nastojalo se utvrditi može li se medicinska usluga kvalitativno ili na drugi način diferencirati s obzirom na dob ili spol pacijenta ili se jedinstveno primjenjuje u svojoj punini uz neke specifičnosti. Medicinski standard iskazuje se u dimenziji temeljnog ili osnovnog standarda koji pretpostavlja primjenu jednoznačnih pravila kojih se mora pridržavati svaki liječnik, ali istovremeno u medicinski standard spadaju i svi drugi postupci liječnika koji su rezultat novijih znanstveno-medicinskih spoznaja i primjenjuju se u širem krugu profesionalne zajednice. Pri obavljanju medicinskog postupka liječnik je dužan postupati s pažnjom koja se traži za osobe koje pripadaju istom profesionalnom krugu. Sukladno tome, hrvatsko pozitivno pravo od liječnika traži da postupa prema standardu dobrog, a ne tek prosječnog stručnjaka, a povredu tako nametnutog profesionalnog standarda određuje kao štetnu radnju s obilježjem protupravnosti u subjektivnom smislu.
Pravne posljedice neadekvatnog treninga i metoda rada u sportu te zakonske novele nekih neutvrđenih pojmova u sportu de lege ferenda
Authors: Vuleta Dean
Published: September 2019

Kompleksnost pravnih odnosa i posebne specifične situacije koje su moguće u sportu i sportskim djelatnostima te akteri takvih situacija zahtijevaju dodatnu pravnu regulaciju i nadopunu postojećih pravnih normi i pravnih akata: sportske, obvezne, građanske, radne, medicinske, kaznene, sudske i drugih pravnih grana, neposredno i posredno vezanih uz sport. Pored svih pravnih normi primjenjivih na sport, zakonodavac je propustio utvrditi i normirati jednu relativno čestu pojavu u modernom sportu, a to su sportske i pravne posljedice neadekvatnog (nestručnog) treninga i metoda rada. To se prvenstveno odnosi na pretreniranost i razne sportske ozljede, kao i na moguće sekundarne povrede osobnosti kao rezultat nestručnog rada (psihološka nestabilnost, depresija sportaša i strah od gubitka sportske karijere). Nestručni rad dovodi kratkoročno do prestanka sportskih aktivnosti zbog pretreniranosti i raznoraznih povreda (sportskih ozljeda i pratećih povreda osobnosti), a dugoročno i do prekida sportske karijere. Potencijalno može biti ugrožena i egzistencija svih osoba involviranih u ovakve slučajeve. Odgovorni krivci u ovakvim slučajevima (treneri, menadžeri, sponzori, liječnici i drugi) moraju snositi pravne posljedice kroz imovinskopravne, kaznenopravne i druge sankcije. Koje su pravne posljedice takvih slučajeva i tko ih je dužan utvrditi, propust je zakonodavne vlasti. Zakonodavac bi trebao pokrenuti inicijativu za uvođenje u pravni sustav novih specijaliziranih sudskih tijela. Takvi bi sportski sudovi bili pravno nadležni za utvrđivanje, pogrešno dijagnosticiranje i sankcioniranje posljedica nestručnog rada u sportu, kao i za sve druge pojave u sportu i u svezi sa sportom. To bi se moralo dogoditi putem zakonskih novela koje bi popunile sadašnje pravne praznine i nedorečenosti te uzrokovale nadopune odredbi nekih pravnih akata, prvenstveno Zakona o sportu. Sportski bi sudovi bili nadležni isključivo u svim sporovima vezanima za sport, osim u slučajevima kaznenih djela u sportu za koje je predviđena zatvorska kazna. Sastojali bi se od osoba pravne struke koje dobro poznaju stručne zakonitosti sporta i njegove specifičnosti kao ljudske aktivnosti, odnosno bivših sportaša pravne struke i ostalih osoba (npr. vještaka) koji su specijalisti za pojedine sportove. Ovakvi su slučajevi trenutno pod nadležnošću redovnih sudova, a takvo stanje dovodi do dugotrajnih sporova i parnica te visokih troškova involviranih aktera i države. Suci redovnih sudova (općinski i županijski) ne moraju poznavati sport i njegove specifičnosti i zakonitosti.
O nadzoru ustavnosti međunarodnih ugovora
Authors: Bakmaz Jurica
Published: September 2019

Ustavni sud Republike Hrvatske od konca prošloga stoljeća dosljedno se oglašava nenadležnim za ocjenjivanje sukladnosti međunarodnih ugovora s Ustavom. U ovom ću radu postaviti pitanje je li ta praksa uistinu u duhu hrvatskog ustava. Najprije ću sustavno prikazati vrste nadzora ustavnosti međunarodnih ugovora: od reguliranja do nereguliranja pravom, od apriornog do zabrane nadzora. Zatim ću ispitati postoji li uopće teorijska mogućnost nadzora u hrvatskom pravnom sustavu. Konačno, iznijet ću dosadašnju praksu hrvatskog Ustavnog suda, kritiku te prakse, te prijedloge buduće ustavne regulacije.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DENGAN MODEL PLANTED QUESTIONS DI SD NEGERI 04 TARANDAM PADANG
Authors: Satria Erwinsyah
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to improve students' learning motivation through the IPS model of Planted Questions in Elementary School fourth grade 04 Tarandam Padang. Types of Class Action research is research (CAR) which is implemented in two cycles. The instruments used are pieces of the implementation process of learning teacher observation, sheet student motivation, sheet final test cycle, and student motivation questionnaire sheet. Based on the analysis sheet student motivation in asking the cycle I gained an average of classical 33,33% an increase in cycle II with an average of classical 72,22%, motivation to answer in the first cycle with the average classical 41,66% increased in the second cycle with the average classical 80,55%. In the motivation questionnaire in the first cycle gained an average 55.89% increase in the classical second cycle average classical 79,51%. The results of the first cycle of learning gained an average of 63,88 increased in the second cycle of 71,94. From the results obtained can be concluded that there is an increased motivation to learn social studies fourth grade students of SD Negeri 04 Padang Tarandam Planted Questions after using the model.
Emotion Dynamics Concurrently and Prospectively Predict Mood Psychopathology
Authors: Sperry Sarah Havens , Walsh Molly A. , Kwapil Thomas Richard
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Altered emotion dynamics may represent a transdiagnostic risk factor for mood psychopathology. The present study examined whether altered emotion dynamics were associated with bipolar and depressive psychopathology concurrently and at a three-year follow-up. Methods: At baseline (n=138), participants completed diagnostic interviews, questionnaires, and seven days of experience sampling assessments. Four emotion dynamics were computed for negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) – within-person variance (variability), mean square of successive differences and probability of acute change (instability), and autocorrelation (inertia). At the three-year follow-up, participants (n=108) were re-assessed via interviews and questionnaires. Results: NA variability was associated with bipolar spectrum disorders at baseline and follow-up. NA instability predicted depressive symptoms and hypomanic personality at baseline, and bipolar spectrum disorders at the follow-up. NA inertia did not predict diagnoses or symptoms at either assessment. PA inertia predicted hyperthymic temperament at baseline but not follow-up. Notably, NA variability and instability predicted the development of new bipolar spectrum disorders at the follow-up. Limitations: Consistent with the recruitment strategy and young age of the participants, only 50% had developed diagnosable psychopathology by the time of the follow-up assessment. Conclusions: The present study provided a unique demonstration that altered emotion dynamics differentially predicted bipolar and depressive psychopathology concurrently and prospectively. Emotion dynamics are important to both digital phenotyping and mobile-based interventions as emotional instability offers a measurable risk factor that is identifiable prior to illness onset.
Development of a novel computational model for the Balloon Analogue Risk Task: The Exponential-Weight Mean-Variance Model
Authors: Park Harhim , Yang Jaeyeong , Vassileva Jasmin , Ahn Woo-Young
Published: September 2019

The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) is a popular task used to measure risk-taking behavior. To identify cognitive processes associated with choice behavior on the BART, a few computational models have been proposed. However, the extant models either fail to capture choice patterns on the BART or show poor parameter recovery performance. Here, we propose a novel computational model, the exponential-weight mean-variance (EWMV) model, which addresses the limitations of existing models. By using multiple model comparison methods, including post hoc model fits criterion and parameter recovery, we showed that the EWMV model outperforms the existing models. In addition, we applied the EWMV model to BART data from healthy controls and substance-using populations (patients with past opiate and stimulant dependence). The results suggest that (1) the EWMV model addresses the limitations of existing models and (2) heroin-dependent individuals show reduced risk preference than other groups, which may have significant clinical implications.
Error-related negativity (ERNs) and ‘hot’ executive function in bilingual and monolingual preschoolers
Authors: Nayak Srishti , Tarullo Amanda R.
Published: September 2019

Early regular experience with dual-language management is thought to shape executivefunction (EF) circuitry during development (Bialystok, 2001; 2017). However, previousinvestigations of bilingual children’s EF have largely focused on behavioral measures, or oncognitive aspects of EF. The first part of this study compared monolingual and bilingualpreschoolers’ performance on more purely cognitive and more affective versions of a card-sort task, and the second part investigated Error-related negativity (ERN) event-related potential (ERP) waveforms to understand error-awareness mechanisms underlying task performance. Behavioral results showed bilingual advantages in reaction times but not accuracy, and interaction effects of language background, level of challenge, and affective/motivational salience on reaction times. Electrophysiological results revealed smaller ERN peak amplitudes in bilinguals compared to monolinguals in frontal and frontocentral midline regions. Results highlight that bilingualism may shape motivational mechanisms and neural learning mechanismssuch as error-detection, such that bilinguals may be less focused on their errors.
Prevalence of Bacterial Uropathogens Among Diabetic Patients Attending Padma Nursing Hospital of Western Nepal
Authors: Tamang Kamal , Shrestha Pashupati , Koirala Amrit , Khadka Jagat , Gautam Narayan , Rijal Komal Raj
Published: September 2019

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The propensity of the infection can vary in different individuals especially when there is underreporting from the patients having a risk of acquiring infections. This study was conducted in Padma Nursing Home, Pokhara, Nepal from April to September, 2014. A total of 200 mid-stream urine samples were collected from diabetic patients visiting the nursing home and processed by standard laboratory procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. About 13% of the patient's urine specimens had shown UTIs. The prevalence of UTI was 18.1% in female and 8.5% in male. Statistically significant association of UTI was found with gender and pyuria. E. coli was the most predominating organism (37%) causing UTI followed by Enterococcus spp (22.2%) and Klebsiella spp. (14.8%). Nitrofurantoin and Ciprofloxacin were the most potent drugs. UTIs are more frequent and are likely to have a more complicated course in patients with DM. This study pointed out that higher age patients, female gender and diabetic patients are risk groups for UTI and should be very cautious to so as to prevent it.
Effect of Frying Medium on the Quality of Sel-roti
Authors: Katawal Surendra Bahadur , Subba Dilip
Published: September 2019

Abstract available on the full text PDF.
Effect of Processing Variables on Anthocyanin and Total Polyphenol Extraction from Water Caltrop (Trapa bispinosa) Hull
Authors: Adhikari Babita , Shrestha Ojeswi Krishna
Published: September 2019

Anthocyanins are water soluble pigments responsible for the brilliant orange red through deep purple colors in flower and fruits. The effects of different extraction variables (pH, particle size, temperature and time, extraction method) on anthocynin, total polyphenol content and antioxidant of the extracts were studied. The anthocyanin content of fresh and dried (55 °C for 2 h) water caltrop hull were 68.68 and 44.38 μg/100 g d.b. respectively. Temperature, particle size and pH played a significant role (p<0.05) in aqueous extraction of anthonycinin. The optimum aqueous extraction condition were pH of 4.49, particle size of 300 μm, temperature of 67.2 °C and time of 25.38 min which gave 70.3% anthocynin extraction. There was a significant effect of extraction method (acidified ethanol, acidified ethanol and pH differential methods) and particles size on anthocynin extraction (p<0.05). The total polyphenol content in the aqueous extracts from water caltrop hull powder of 300, 690 and 1080 μm were in the range of 55.02-60.31 mg GAE/g dm. The extraction of total polyphenol from 300 μm was significantly different from 690 and 1080 μm particle sizes, while there was no significant difference between from 690 and 1080 μm respectively (p>0.05). The particle size had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the antioxidant activity of the extract and the values ranged from 173.36 μg/mL to 193.69 μg/mL.
Ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon to soil organic carbon in Himalayan rangeland
Authors: Limbu Dil Kumar , Koirala Madan
Published: September 2019

The soil microbial biomass carbon to soil organic carbon ratio is a useful measure to monitor soil organic matter and serves as a sensitive index than soil organic carbon alone. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify and quantify the present status of ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon to soil organic carbon in Himalayan rangeland and to make recommendations for enhancing balance between microbial carbon and organic carbon of the soil. To meet the aforementioned objective, a field study was conducted from 2011 to 2013 following the Walkley-Black, Chromic acid wet oxidation method, and chloroform fumigation method for analysis of microbial carbon and organic carbon respectively. The study showed that the heavily grazed plot had significantly less value of ratio than occasionally grazed and ungrazed plots. The ratio was significantly high on legume seeding plot compared to nonlegume plot, but the ratio was independent of soil depth. Soil microbial biomass appeared to be more responsive than soil organic matter.