bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2-Styrylquinoline-based two-photon AIEgens for dual monitoring of pH and viscosity in living cells
Authors: Dou Yandong , Kenry Kenry , Liu Jiang , Zhang Fangfang , Cai Chunhui , Zhu Qing
Published: November 2019

A new class of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophores HAPHs with excellent two-photon properties is developed from styrylquinoline.
Aluminium and zinc co-doped CuInS2 QDs for enhanced trion modulation in monolayer WS2 toward improved electrical properties
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Bowen , Tebyetekerwa Mike , Zhu Yi , Liu Boqing , Nguyen Hieu T. , Tian Shouqin , Zhang Yupeng , Lu Yuerui
Published: November 2019

Precisely tuned trion ratios in monolayer WS2 with improved electrical properties are achieved by QD modification, exhibiting potential optoelectronic applications.
Tuning the organic persistent room-temperature phosphorescence through aggregated states
Authors: Mane Sunil Kumar Baburao , Mu Yingxiao , Ubba Eethamukkala , Yang Zhiyong , Zhao Juan , Chi Zhenguo
Published: November 2019

An organic material exhibited interesting polymorphism of persistent room-temperature phosphorescence by changing its aggregated states.
Specialized pro-resolving mediators in diabetes: novel therapeutic strategies
Authors: Brennan Eoin P. , Mohan Muthukumar , Andrews Darrell , Bose Madhura , Kantharidis Phillip
Published: November 2019

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from inadequate production and secretion of insulin, impaired insulin action, or a combination of both. Genetic disorders and insulin receptor disorders, environmental factors, lifestyle choices and toxins are key factors that contribute to DM. While it is often referred to as a metabolic disorder, modern lifestyle choices and nutrient excess induce a state of systemic chronic inflammation that results in the increased production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to DM. It is chronic hyperglycemia and the low-grade chronic-inflammation that underlies the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications leading to damage in a number of tissues and organs, including eyes, vasculature, heart, nerves, and kidneys. Improvements in the management of risk factors have been beneficial, including focus on intensified glycemic control, but most current approaches only slow disease progression. Even with recent studies employing SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrating protection against cardiovascular and kidney diseases, kidney function continues to decline in people with established diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Despite the many advances and a greatly improved understanding of the pathobiology of diabetes and its complications, there remains a major unmet need for more effective therapeutics to prevent and reverse the chronic complications of diabetes. More recently, there has been growing interest in the use of specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) as an exciting therapeutic strategy to target diabetes and the chronic complications of diabetes.
Toward Understanding the Lexical–Morphological Networks of Children With Specific Language Impairment: Analysis of Responses on a Morphological Production Task
Authors: Krimm Hannah , Werfel Krystal L. , Schuele C. Melanie
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to characterize the lexical–morphological networks of children with specific language impairment (SLI) compared to children with typical language by analyzing responses on a morphological derived form production task.

Method

School-age children with SLI (
n
= 32) and peers with typical language (
n
= 40) completed an oral cloze derived form production task (
Carlisle, 2000
). On this task, children were expected to complete verbally presented sentences with a derived form of a provided morphological stem. Responses were coded as correct or incorrect following
Carlisle's (2000)
stated correct responses. Incorrect responses were coded as scorable or unscorable, and then scorable responses were coded as pseudowords or real words. Real words were further coded according to whether they were repetitions of the given stem.

Results

There was a statistically significant between-group difference for mean correct responses (
d
= 1.43). The scorable incorrect responses of children with SLI included a lower mean proportion of pseudowords than did the incorrect responses of children with typical language (
d
= 0.76).

Conclusion

Because children with SLI produced a lower proportion of pseudowords as scorable incorrect responses than peers with typical language, we conclude that they have less developed lexical–morphological networks and, thus, less derivational morphology knowledge than peers with typical language.
Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech
Authors: Weirich Melanie , Simpson Adrian
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor.

Method

IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity.

Results

German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found.

Conclusion

Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.
Interhemispheric conjugate effect in longitude variations of mid-latitude ion density
Authors: Chen Yiding , Liu Libo , Le Huijun , Zhang Hui
Published: November 2019

Earlier incoherent scatter radar measurements revealed upward topside ion fluxes in the summer and downward fluxes in the winter at mid-latitudes at night; a summer to winter interhemispheric coupling was accordingly inferred. However, this interhemispheric coupling through the plasmasphere is difficult to confirm directly from observations. A possible result induced by this coupling is interhemispheric conjugacy of the mid-latitude ionosphere. In this paper, interhemispheric conjugate effect in longitude variations of mid-latitude total ion density (Ni) is presented, for the first time, using the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) measurements; northern and southern Ni longitude variations at 21:30 LT are similar between magnetically conjugate mid-latitudes around solar minimum June Solstice of 1996. The conjugate effect after sunset also occurs around the June Solstice in other solar minimum years but disappears when solar activity increases. We suggested that mid-latitude interhemispheric coupling is responsible for the conjugate effect. Neutral wind induced ionospheric transport causes topside longitude variations via upward diffusion at summer mid-latitudes; this further induces similar longitude variations of topside Ni at winter mid-latitudes via the summer to winter interhemispheric coupling. The conjugate effect occurs only inside the plasmapause where magnetic flux tubes are closed and the plasma in these tubes can stably corotate with the Earth. The conjugate effect not only proves mid-latitude interhemispheric coupling through the plasmasphere, but also implies that neutral wind induced transport can affect ionospheric coupling to the plasmasphere at mid-latitudes.
Präferenzmessung bei seltenen Erkrankungen: Sensitivitätsanalyse geringer Fallzahlen bei Patienten mit Neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NET)
Authors: Mühlbacher Axel C. , Juhnke Christin , Sadler Andrew
Published: November 2019

Discrete Choice Experimente (DCE) sind eine wichtige Methode zur Erfassung von Patientenpräferenzen. Neuroendokrine Tumore (NET) sind eine seltene Krankheit und daher ist es schwierig, eine ausreichende Anzahl von Studienteilnehmern für Präferenzstudien zu gewinnen. Darüber hinaus gibt es kaum internationale Standards für die Bestimmung der angemessenen Anzahl von Befragten in DCEs. Am Beispiel verschiedener Behandlungsoptionen von NET wurden patientenrelevante Endpunkte mit Hilfe eines DCE mit sechs Attributen gewichtet. Akaike-Informationskriterium (AIC) und Bayes‘sches Informationskriterium (BIC) wurden zusammen mit dem Standardfehler (SE) verwendet, um die Modellgütezu überprüfen und den am besten geeigneten Stichprobenumfang zu bestimmen. Für die Sensitivitätsanalyse wurden verschiedene Teilnehmer nach dem Zufallsprinzip aus der Studienprobe gezogen.
Ankündigung der 12. Jahrestagung der dggö – Willkommen in Wuppertal
Authors: Jürges Hendrik
Published: November 2019

Die 12. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (dggö) findet am 23. und 24. März im Hörsaal- und Konferenzzentrum der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal statt. Die Tagung in Wuppertal wird unter dem Motto „Wettbewerb und medizinische Innovation“ stehen. Wir möchten damit die Bedeutung des Wettbewerbs als Kraft schöpferischer Zerstörung auch im Gesundheitswesen in den Blickpunkt rücken.
Entscheidungsfindung im Gesundheitswesen – Evidence-to-Decision (EtD)-Modell für nachvollziehbare Entscheidungen
Authors: Potempa Christoph
Published: November 2019

Conrad et al. GRADE: Von der Evidenz zur Empfehlung oder Entscheidung – ein systematischer und transparenter Ansatz, um gut informierte Entscheidungen im Gesundheitswesen zu treffen. 2: Klinische Praxisleitlinien. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundh wesen 2019; 140: 63–73

Die Autoren um Conrad et al. stellen in ihrem Artikel ein Framework vor, mit dem der Prozess von Entscheidungsprozessen von der Evidenz zur Empfehlung systematisch und transparent dokumentiert und gestaltet werden kann. Dieser zweite Teil einer Artikelreihe widmet sich dabei insbesondere dem Themenfeld der klinischen Praxisleitlinien.
Ulcus Cruris – Frühe venöse Ablation erhöht Lebensqualität bei Kosteneffizienz
Authors: Dobler Gabriele
Published: November 2019

Epstein DM. et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized clinical trial of early versus deferred endovenous ablation of superficial venous reflux in patients with venous ulceration. Br J Surg 2019; 106: 555–562

Aktuelle Richtlinien empfehlen bei venösen Beingeschwüren die Behandlung des venösen Refluxes mit endovenösen Ablationstechniken. Viele Praktiker warten jedoch mit der Intervention bis das Ulcus abgeheilt ist. Die EVRA (Early Venous Reflux Ablation) Studie ergab, dass eine frühe endovenöse Ablation zu signifikant schnellerer Abheilung der Ulcera führte. Epstein et al. verglichen die Kosteneffektivität früher und später Intervention.
A Greener Approach for the Chemoselective Boc Protection of Amines Using Sulfonated Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Catalyst in Metal- and Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Mittal Rupali , Mishra Anupam , Awasthi Satish K.
Published: November 2019

Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (SrGO) has displayed great potential as a solid acid catalyst due to its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. In this study, SrGO was synthesized by the introduction of sulfonic acid-containing aryl radicals onto chemically reduced graphene oxide using ultrasonication. The SrGO catalyst was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further, SrGO was effectively utilized as a metal-free and reusable solid acid catalyst for the chemoselective N-t-Boc protection of various aromatic and aliphatic amines under solvent-free conditions. The N-t-Boc protection of amines was easily achieved under ambient conditions affording high yields (84–95%) in very short reaction times (5 min–2 h). The authenticity of the approach was confirmed by a crystal structure. The catalyst could be easily recovered and was reused up to seven consecutive catalytic cycles without any substantial loss in its activity.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks of the Posterior Fossa: Patient Characteristics and Imaging Features
Authors: Yancey Kristen L. , Manzoor Nauman F. , Yawn Robert J. , O'Malley Matthew , Rivas Alejandro , Bennett Marc L. , Haynes David S.
Published: November 2019

Objective The main purpose of this article is to investigate the prevalence and features of posterior fossa defects (PFD) in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks (sCSFL).

Design This is a retrospective case series.

Setting Tertiary skull base center.

Participants Consecutive adults undergoing lateral skull base repair of sCSFL between 2003 and 2018.

Main Outcome Measures The following data were collected: demographics, comorbidities, radiology and intraoperative findings, and surgical outcomes including complications and need for revision surgery or shunt placement. Patients with incomplete data or leaks following skull base surgery, trauma, or chronic ear disease were excluded.

Results Seventy-one patients (74% female, mean age 56.39 ± 11.50 years) underwent repair of spontaneous lateral skull base leaks. Eight ears (7 patients, 11.1%) had leaks involving the posterior fossa plate in addition to defects of the tegmen mastoideum (50%), tegmen tympani (25%), or both (25%). Patients with PFDs more often had bilateral tegmen thinning on imaging (75%, odds ratio [OR]: 10.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.20–54.35, p = 0.005) and symptomatic bilateral leaks (OR: 9.67, 95% CI: 2.22–40.17, p = 0.01. All PFD patients had arachnoid granulations adjacent to ipsilateral mastoid cell opacification. However, this finding was often subtle and rarely included on the radiology report. There was no significant difference in body mass index, age, presenting complaints, or operative success between the PFD and isolated tegmen defect sCSFL cohorts.

Conclusion The posterior fossa is an uncommon location for sCSFL. Careful review of preoperative imaging is often suggestive and can inform surgical approach. PFD patients are similar to those with isolated tegmen-based defects in presentation, comorbidities, and outcomes.
Chronological Changes in Anterior Knee Stability after Anatomical Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone and Hamstring Grafts
Authors: Kawaguchi Kohei , Taketomi Shuji , Inui Hiroshi , Yamagami Ryota , Nakazato Keiu , Takagi Kentaro , Kage Tomofumi , Kawata Manabu , Tanaka Sakae
Published: November 2019

The clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are typically evaluated at specific time points only. This study aimed to characterize the chronological changes in anterior knee stability after anatomical ACL reconstruction and to compare the anterior knee stability achieved with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) grafts. A total of 59 patients underwent anatomical rectangular tunnel ACL reconstruction using the BPTB graft and 23 patients underwent anatomical double-bundle ACL reconstruction using the HT graft. Anterior knee stability was quantitatively assessed using the KneeLax 3 arthrometer at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery using side-to-side differences. The values for anterior knee stability using the BPTB graft were 0.3 mm after 6 months, 0.2 mm after 1 year, and 0.2 mm after 2 years, and no significant differences were observed during the postoperative study period. Meanwhile, the values for anterior knee stability using the HT graft were −0.3 mm after 6 months, 0.5 mm after 1 year, and 1.2 mm after 2 years, and anterior knee stability decreased chronologically from 6 months up to 2 years. Regarding anterior stability, the HT graft showed significant laxity compared with the BPTB graft only after 2 years. No chronological changes in anterior stability were observed from 6 months up to 2 years after ACL reconstruction using the BPTB graft, whereas anterior laxity developed during the same period after ACL reconstruction using the HT graft. This is a Level IV, therapeutic case series study.
Simulation of thermoacoustic resonance response of tumor by finite element method
Authors: Alikhani S. , Ansari M. A. , Niknam A. R.
Published: November 2019

The thermoacoustic resonance effect induced by the interaction of multiburst modulated microwave pulses with biological tissue can be used to study the absorption and mechanical properties of tumorous tissues. Here, the mechanism of the thermoacoustic resonance response of the tumor is simulated using the finite element method, and the tumor size dependence on the resonance frequencies is investigated. The simulation results show that the maximum acoustic signal amplification depends on the microwave pulse modulation frequency and consequently the tumor radius. The results also indicate that the resonance frequencies decrease with an increase in tumor size. Utilizing the modulation frequency corresponding to the maximum amplification facilitates the use of microwave pulses with lower power and increases the safety of thermoacoustic imaging, resulting in the reduction of cost and risk of thermoacoustic tomography systems.
Approximating free energy and committor landscapes in standard transition path sampling using virtual interface exchange
Authors: Brotzakis Z. Faidon , Bolhuis Peter G.
Published: November 2019

Transition path sampling is a powerful technique for investigating rare transitions, especially when the mechanism is unknown and one does not have access to the reaction coordinate. Straightforward application of transition path sampling does not directly provide the free energy landscape nor the kinetics. This drawback has motivated the development of path sampling extensions able to simultaneously access both kinetics and thermodynamics, such as transition interface sampling, and the reweighted path ensemble. However, performing transition interface sampling is more involved than standard two-state transition path sampling and still requires (some) insight into the reaction to define interfaces. While packages that can efficiently compute path ensembles for transition interface sampling are now available, it would be useful to directly compute the free energy from a single standard transition path sampling simulation. To achieve this, we present here an approximate method, denoted virtual interface exchange transition path sampling, that makes use of the rejected pathways in a form of waste recycling. The method yields an approximate reweighted path ensemble that allows an immediate view of the free energy landscape from a standard single transition path sampling simulation, as well as enables a committor analysis.
Efficient computation of the second-Born self-energy using tensor-contraction operations
Authors: Tuovinen Riku , Covito Fabio , Sentef Michael A.
Published: November 2019

In the nonequilibrium Green’s function approach, the approximation of the correlation self-energy at the second-Born level is of particular interest, since it allows for a maximal speed-up in computational scaling when used together with the generalized Kadanoff-Baym ansatz for the Green’s function. The present day numerical time-propagation algorithms for the Green’s function are able to tackle first principles simulations of atoms and molecules, but they are limited to relatively small systems due to unfavorable scaling of self-energy diagrams with respect to the basis size. We propose an efficient computation of the self-energy diagrams by using tensor-contraction operations to transform the internal summations into functions of external low-level linear algebra libraries. We discuss the achieved computational speed-up in transient electron dynamics in selected molecular systems.
Electronic structure, phonon and superconductivity for WP 5d-transition metal
Authors: Tayran Ceren , Çakmak Mehmet
Published: November 2019

We have reported the electronic structure, elastic, mechanical, phononic, and superconductivity properties for the orthorhombic WP single crystal, which has very recently been discovered to be the first superconductor among 5d-transition metal pnictides using density functional theory. The calculated electronic band structure and density of states reveal that WP is semimetallic in nature and the bands are mainly strengthened by the d-orbital of W atoms as well as determined several semi-Dirac-like points near the Fermi level. Elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and the brittle/ductile nature were determined. Some of these values were found to be compatible with other theoretical values that we found. The phonon spectrum shows that the orthorhombic MnP-type WP structure is dynamically stable. The calculated Debye temperature is comparable to the fitting experimental measurement of the normal state resistivity into the Bloch–Grüneisen function. The electron-phonon coupling parameter shows that WP is weakly coupled. We have also calculated the critical temperature (Tc) value of ∼0.81 K, which matches the experimental estimated value using electrical resistance, ac magnetic sensitivity, and specific temperature measurements.
The β Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou recurrence problem
Authors: Pace Salvatore D. , Reiss Kevin A. , Campbell David K.
Published: November 2019

We perform a thorough investigation of the first Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (FPUT) recurrence in the β-FPUT chain for both positive and negative β. We show numerically that the rescaled FPUT recurrence time Tr=tr/(N+1)3 depends, for large N, only on the parameter S≡Eβ(N+1). Our numerics also reveal that for small |S|, Tr is linear in S with positive slope for both positive and negative β. For large |S|, Tr is proportional to |S|−1/2 for both positive and negative β but with different multiplicative constants. We numerically study the continuum limit and find that the recurrence time closely follows the |S|−1/2 scaling and can be interpreted in terms of solitons, as in the case of the KdV equation for the α chain. The difference in the multiplicative factors between positive and negative β arises from soliton-kink interactions that exist only in the negative β case. We complement our numerical results with analytical considerations in the nearly linear regime (small |S|) and in the highly nonlinear regime (large |S|). For the former, we extend previous results using a shifted-frequency perturbation theory and find a closed form for Tr that depends only on S. In the latter regime, we show that Tr∝|S|−1/2 is predicted by the soliton theory in the continuum limit. We then investigate the existence of the FPUT recurrences and show that their disappearance surprisingly depends only on Eβ for large N, not S. Finally, we end by discussing the striking differences in the amount of energy mixing between positive and negative β and offer some remarks on the thermodynamic limit.
Effect of the oxygen vacancy on the ferroelectricity of 90° domain wall structure in PbTiO3: A density functional theory study
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Xu Tao , Xuan Fuzhen , Chen ChangQing , Shimada Takahiro , Kitamura Takayuki
Published: November 2019

The effect of oxygen vacancy on the ferroelectricity of the 90° domain wall structure in PbTiO3 has been investigated by ab initio (first-principles) density functional theory calculations. Based on the position of oxygen vacancies with respect to the 90° domain wall, the oxygen vacancies are classified into two types, i.e., vacancy on the PbO plane (O1-vac) and vacancy on the TiO plane (O2- and O3-vac). Oxygen vacancies in the region adjacent to the 90° domain wall give the minimum formation energies, which indicates that the oxygen vacancies tend to accumulate in the area near the 90° domain wall. The minimum vacancy energies for all oxygen vacancies occur in the region adjacent to the 90° domain wall. The pinning energies of the oxygen vacancies to the 90° domain wall are determined to be 0.330 eV, 0.130 eV, and 0.228 eV for the O1-, O2-, and O3-vacancies, respectively. Such a pinning effect of oxygen vacancies results in a shift of the central position of the domain wall in the crystal lattice, and also, the width of the domain wall is enlarged. This result is found to be the most pronounced for O1-vac on the PbO plane. Finally, the suppression of ferroelectricity caused by the domain wall is strengthened by the effect of the pinned oxygen vacancies.
Doping-induced enhancement of anomalous Hall coefficient in Fe-Sn nanocrystalline films for highly sensitive Hall sensors
Authors: Fujiwara Kohei , Satake Yosuke , Shiogai Junichi , Tsukazaki Atsushi
Published: November 2019

We experimentally investigated the contribution of intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnetic Fe-Sn nanocrystalline films by means of impurity doping. We found that some heavy transition elements such as Ta, W, and Mo are effective for increasing the anomalous Hall resistivity of Fe-Sn films. The concomitant decrease in magnetization of the Fe-Sn matrix indicated that the increased anomalous Hall resistivity arises from the enhancement of the anomalous Hall coefficient. The increased anomalous Hall resistivity, in combination with the moderately decreased saturation field, substantially increased the derivative of anomalous Hall resistivity with respect to applied magnetic field in the linear Hall response region at low field, which corresponds to the sensitivity in an AHE-type Hall sensor. In particular, optimally Ta-doped Fe-Sn films showed nearly doubled sensitivity in comparison with nondoped Fe-Sn films, while the virtually temperature-independent behavior of the sensitivity was maintained between 400 and 50 K. These improved AHE characteristics enable sensitive detection of magnetic field over a wide temperature range. We discuss that strong spin-orbit coupling inherent to these heavy transition elements contributes to the modification of electronic structure, inducing the large intrinsic AHE. The doping technique demonstrated will be a fundamental strategy for exploiting the performance of Fe-Sn metal-based AHE-type Hall sensors.
Mental health of animal hoarders: a study of consecutive cases in New South Wales
Authors: Snowdon John , Halliday Graeme , Elliott Rosemary , Hunt Glenn E. , Coleman Steve
Published: November 2019

Objective
The aim of this study was to review animal hoarding cases referred to the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in New South Wales (NSW) to examine mental health factors that influence the development of animal hoarding and to consider strategies for dealing with such cases.

Methods
Data were gathered by RSPCA inspectors regarding consecutive cases referred to the agency over 2 years.

Result
Details were provided about animals and 50 identified hoarders (11 male, 39 female; mean age 57 years) on 48 properties. The mean number of animals per case was 53 (range 6–300). Fifteen participants (30%) were known to have had involvement with mental health or social services. Mental health factors appeared to contribute to animal hoarding in well over 50% of cases. Severe and moderate squalor were observed in 52% and 21% of dwellings assessed respectively, many with accumulated rubbish.

Conclusions
Animal hoarding is largely attributable to psychological and psychiatric problems. It is recommended that clinical services work alongside animal welfare inspectorates, assessing (and, where appropriate, treating) such problems.

What is known about the topic?
Animal hoarding is believed to be partly attributable to the hoarders having psychiatric or psychological problems, but relevant mental health assessment of hoarders is not usually arranged. Recidivism after removal of animals is nearly 100%.

What does this paper add?
The study confirms that animal hoarders commonly have mental health issues. However, RSPCA inspectors are not expected to screen for such issues or refer cases to mental health clinicians.

What are the implications for practitioners?
There is good reason to develop clinical services to help animal hoarders deal with their psychological or psychiatric problems.
Synthesis of Tetracyclic Fused Quinolines via a Friedel–Crafts and Beckmann Ring Expansion Sequence
Authors: Abd El-Aal Hassan A. K. , El-Emary Talaat I.
Published: November 2019

An efficient protocol for the construction of tetracyclic fused quinolines (pyrazole-fused azepino-, azocino-, and azonino[3,2-b]quinolinones) via consecutive Friedel–Crafts and Beckmann reactions has been developed. The key steps in the syntheses of these new molecular scaffolds involve acid-mediated cyclization of 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)quinoline based carboxylic acids 6a–c, 8, and 12 to ketones 13a–e, followed by Beckmann rearrangements of the corresponding oximes 14a–e to provide the tetracyclic-fused quinoline skeletons 15a–e. Structures of synthesised compounds without stereochemical implication were confirmed by NMR and elemental analyses.
Soil mineralogy and dynamic pedogenic processes in response to redox cycles due to rice and sweet potato rotation
Authors: Anda Markus , Suryani Erna , Nursyamsi Dedi
Published: November 2019

Effect of long-term wet and dry (redox) cycles attributed to seasonally flooded soils in rotation of rice and upland food crops on soil characteristics is not yet available in modern agriculture. The objective of this study was to assess soil morphological features, mineralogical compositions and dynamic pedogenic processes under rotation of rice and honey-taste sweet potato. Four profiles that experienced redox cycles and one that did not (as a control) were sampled for soil analyses. Results showed that all soil profiles, irrespective of redox cycles, derived from similar parent materials as revealed by the same type of weatherable mineral contents (hornblende, labradorite, hypersthene, and olivine or muscovite), ranging within 27–84%. High proportions of easily weatherable minerals corresponded to the high availability of Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Mn and Cu nutrients, suggesting the release of nutrient reserves from weatherable minerals. In all soils, the clay fraction contained only the one mineral, halloysite. Long-term redox cycles due to rotation of rice–honey-taste sweet potato resulted in a remarkable pedomorphic feature, i.e. discrete large soft black Mn segregation with the highest accumulation in the middle part of soil profiles. Other pedogenic processes were Ca, Mg, and Si translocation from the upper to lower layers of soil profiles, but Fe was retained in the uppermost two horizons. We proposed a new soil classification ‘Manganic Eutrudept’ as a subgroup category to accommodate the soil property of high soft Mn segregation.
Constructing threat through quotes and historical analogies in the Czech and the US “Ukraine Discourse”
Authors: Berrocal Martina
Published: November 2019

Conflicts and their discursive representations involve, apart from the spacio-temporal dimension, also the
socio-ideological and axiological positions. These prompt the desired emotional response from the audience in a form of
authorization for the intended action. All these dimensions are mainly construed by presenting series of assertions by creating
the dichotomy self-other and by triggering implicatures that contribute to the preferred interpretations of the presented
representations. This paper aims to examine the role of quotes and historical analogies triggered by quotes in discourse,
concretely, it focuses on the way the Ukrainian conflict is proximized in the US and the Czech political discourse, namely in the
parliamentary debates and governmental statements (November 2013–December 2014). The theoretical framework applied is the
proximization approach (Cap 2008, 2010,
2013, 2014, 2017) which is complemented by the studies that explore the pragmatic functions of quoting in
discourse.
Assessment of methods for serum extracellular vesicle small RNA sequencing to support biomarker development
Authors: Srinivasan Swetha , Duval Manuel X. , Kaimal Vivek , Cuff Carolyn , Clarke Stephen H.
Published: November 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have great potential as a source for clinically relevant biomarkers since they can be readily isolated from biofluids and carry microRNA (miRNA), mRNA, and proteins that can reflect disease status. However, the biological and technical variability of EV content is unknown making comparisons between healthy subjects and patients difficult to interpret. In this study, we sought to establish a laboratory and bioinformatics analysis pipeline to analyse the small RNA content within EVs from patient serum that could serve as biomarkers and to assess the biological and technical variability of EV RNA content in healthy individuals. We sequenced EV small RNA from multiple individuals (biological replicates) and sequenced multiple replicates per individual (technical replicates) using the Illumina Truseq protocol. We observed that the replicates of samples clustered by subject indicating that the biological variability (~95%) was greater than the technical variability (~0.50%). We observed that ~30% of the sequencing reads were miRNAs. We evaluated the technical parameters of sequencing by spiking the EV RNA preparation with a mix of synthetic small RNA and demonstrated a disconnect between input concentration of the spike‐in RNA and sequencing read frequencies indicating that bias was introduced during library preparation. To determine whether there are differences between library preparation platforms, we compared the Truseq with the Nextflex protocol that had been designed to reduce bias in library preparation. While both methods were technically robust, the Nextflex protocol reduced the bias and exhibited a linear range across input concentrations of the synthetic spike‐ins. Altogether, our results indicate that technical variability is much smaller than biological variability supporting the use of EV small RNAs as potential biomarkers. Our findings also indicate that the choice of library preparation method leads to artificial differences in the datasets generated invalidating the comparability of sequencing data across library preparation platforms.
Observation of the optical

X2Σg+

–A2Πu coupling in

N2+

lasing induced by intense laser field*
Authors: Wang Siqi , Fu Yao , Yao Danwen , Chen Shanming , Zhang Wei , Li Helong , Xu Huailiang
Published: November 2019

We propose a simple pump-coupling-seed scheme to examine the optical

X
2

Σ
g
+

–A2Πu coupling in

N
2
+

lasing. We produce the

N
2
+

lasing at 391 nm, corresponding to the

B
2

Σ
u
+

(v′ = 0)–

X
2

Σ
g
+

(v = 0) transition, by externally seeding the

N
2
+

gain medium prepared by irradiation of N2 with an intense pump pulse. We then adopt a weak coupling pulse in between the pump and seed pulses, and show that the intensity of the 391-nm lasing can be efficiently modulated by varying the polarization direction of the coupling pulse with respect to that of the pump pulse. It is found that when the polarization directions of the pump and coupling pulses are perpendicular, the 391-nm lasing intensity is more sensitive to the coupling laser energy, which reflects the inherent nature of the perpendicular

X
2

Σ
g
+

–A2Πu transition.
Quantitative rescattering theory for nonsequential double ionization*
Authors: Chen Zhangjin , Liu Fang , Wen Hua
Published: November 2019

We review the recently improved quantitative rescattering theory for nonsequential double ionization, in which the lowering of threshold due to the presence of electric field at the time of recollision has been taken into account. First, we present the basic theoretical tools which are used in the numerical simulations, especially the quantum theories for elastic scattering of electron as well as the processes of electron impact excitation and electron impact ionization. Then, after a brief discussion about the properties of the returning electron wave packet, we provide the numerical procedures for the simulations of the total double ionization yield, the double-to-single ionization ratio, and the correlated two-electron momentum distribution.
Research on Flex Ray Bus Technology In Vehicle Electronic System
Authors: Yuhan Yao , Deyuan Li , Ruihai Ye
Published: November 2019

In order to ensure the driving safety of the car, the on-board electronic system is studied based on Flex Ray bus technology. Firstly, the structure of Flex Ray vehicle electronic system is optimized according to the operation requirements of vehicle electronic system, and Flex Ray application protocol is set up to complete the control and management of vehicle electronic system according to the settings of Flex Ray application protocol. Finally, the experiment proves that the application effect of Flex Ray bus technology in vehicle electronic system is obviously improved compared with the traditional method.
Machining Efficiency Prediction in ECM with a Spiral Shaped Electrode Based on Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Yin Yang , Hu Yisheng
Published: November 2019

Electron-Chemical Machining (ECM) by using a spiral shaped electrode is a new technological method for the machining of guide boles on the machine parts of hard material. Based on the theory of the fuzzy mathematics, a model of fuzzy evaluation on the efficiency of spiral shaped electrode ECM is set up. As an example, the evaluations on the efficiency of the machining process are carried out. The results indicate that the model is practical.
Research on the Model of Formulating SOTM Satellite-switching Strategy Based on Probabilistic Visibility and Breadth-first Search
Authors: Li Yiyi , Jia Weimin , Jin Wei , Zhang Fenggan
Published: November 2019

In order to let the Satcom-on-the-move (SOTM) users know the communication status of the current driving road in advance and avoid the blindness of the information transmission, a model of formulating SOTM satellite-switching strategy based on probabilistic visibility and breadth-first search is established. Firstly, through adapting JANUS visibility algorithm, a probabilistic visibility model based on terrain description error and interpolation algorithm is proposed to quantitatively represent the communication status of each road point on the whole road. Then, the breadth-first search algorithm is used to obtain the satellite- switching strategy on the condition of different satellite-switching time, and the appropriate satellite-switching strategy is selected for the user according to their requirements. Finally, the validity and practicability of the model are verified by an example.
The Carrier Phase Time Transfer with Broadcast Ephemeris
Authors: Wang Xiang-lei , Shi Feng-feng , Wang Jiang-ting , Fang Jia-min
Published: November 2019

Time transfer method PPP is restricted by the real-time and precision of IGS production, and the real-time application have not been widely implemented. Standard Point Positioning(SPP) can satisfy the application for the real-time customer, but the precision is low and is not satisfy the high precision customer. So a new algorithm which have real-time and high precision performance is given. The algorithm dose not need the external orbit and clock error, and can be used for the real-time time transfer because of getting rid of the reliance on IGS production. In this paper, the analysis for the new algorithm is given by using the real measurement data. The results show that the algorithm could improve the time transfer results and frequency stability significantly; the time transfer precision of the new algorithm relative to SPP is improved from 10 ns to 1-2 ns, and dose not need the external precise ephemeris production; the new algorithm can be realized in the receiver conveniently.
Research on preprocessing algorithm based on complex illumination condition
Authors: Shoufeng Tang , Jie Huang , Tongtong Li , Gan Cheng , Minming Tong
Published: November 2019

In the field of image processing, complex illumination conditions have a serious impact on the accurate recognition of targets. Pre-processing complex illumination before face recognition can improve the accuracy of face recognition. In this paper, the Light is preprocessed by image enhancement algorithm and illumination invariant feature extraction algorithm based on Lambertian illumination model. The image enhancement algorithm achieves the purpose of preprocessing by adjusting the gray scale, and the illumination invariant feature algorithm achieves the purpose of preprocessing by extracting the features of the face. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of algorithms are compared and analyzed through experimental results.
Coordination between Electricity Consumption and Economic Development in Tianjin
Authors: Liu Lixia , Ma Chao , Zhang Dong , Li Na , Xiao Fei , Ye Yutong , Yang Jie
Published: November 2019

The paper use the unit root test, cointegration test, and granger test to study the relationship between power consumption and economic growth in Tianjin, and it is concluded that Tianjin’s electricity consumption and economic growth influence each other and cause and effect each other. Economic growth depends strongly on electricity consumption and promotes the development of power industry. The increase of electricity consumption further promotes economic growth.
Community electric vehicle load forecasting based on time series distribution
Authors: Li Hengjie , Zhu Yueyang , Chen Wei , Lv Junqing , Zeng Xianqiang
Published: November 2019

Electric vehicle charging load forecasting helps power system planning management and optimization. This paper proposes a residential private electric vehicle load forecasting model based on positive-reverse valley time charging, which predicts the load while satisfying the orderly charging of large-scale private electric vehicles in residential areas. Firstly, it analyzes the historical travel rules of private electric vehicles in the community and the charging and discharging characteristics of electric vehicles. Secondly, based on the peak-to- valley time-of-use(TOU) electricity price, the owner of the vehicle is fully utilized to make the electric vehicle orderly charging, so as to obtain the total charging load of the electric vehicle in the community; Finally, the actual data is used to predict the change of the load curve of private electric vehicles in the future after large-scale access to the grid. It is found that under the scenario of disorderly charging of private electric vehicles, the larger volume of the grid has the greater difference between the peaks and valleys of the grid. Through further calculations, it is found that the use of valley time charging can alleviate the impact of the electric vehicle charging load on the power grid to a certain extent. That also can effectively reduce the peak-to-valley difference of the grid load and residential area distribution network overload rate.
Study on the relationship between photon number and discharge magnitude of corona discharge based on ultraviolet imaging method
Authors: Liu Yijin , Liu Yunpeng , Li Yonglin , Liu Jiashuo , Pei Shaotong , Chen Yufeng
Published: November 2019

In order to improve the accuracy of discharge detection of a domestic ultraviolet (UV) imager, the relationship between the photon number and the discharge magnitude was established. In this paper, the rod-plate gap model was selected as the research object. By using the domestic ZT301 UV imager, the characteristics of photon number and discharge magnitude varied with voltage intensity, observation distances and instrument gains were studied. Experimental results show that the photon number and the discharge magnitude are nonlinear increased with the increasing of voltage. By changing the observation distance and gain, fitting curves of the photon number and the discharge magnitude were obtained, which still satisfied the nonlinear increasing relationship. The research results lay a foundation for practical engineering applications of the domestic UV imager.
Influence of pollution on potential and electric field distribution of porcelain insulator in 110kV transmission line
Authors: Lin Ying , Zhang Zhe , Liu Jiashuo , Li Yonglin , Pei Shaotong , Liu Ynupeng
Published: November 2019

The spatial potential and electric field distribution of clean insulator and insulator with different degrees of pollution in 110kV transmission lines are analyzed with Comsol Multiphysics software. The results show that: The curve connected by the voltage borne by the single piece insulator in the clean insulator string is saddle-shaped. The voltage borne by the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end is large, while the voltage borne by the middle part of the insulator string is small. With the increase of pollution degree, the overall trend of potential distribution remains unchanged, but the higher the pollution degree is, the greater the maximum voltage on the high-voltage side of the insulator will be, and the smaller the minimum voltage on the low-voltage side will be. With the increase of pollution degree, the general trend of electric field distribution around insulator string remains unchanged, but the maximum value of electric field increases.
Simulation of raindrop-shaped flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump
Authors: Tang Ming , Bao Qibo , Zhang Jianhui , Lai Liyi , Ning Qingshuang
Published: November 2019

In order to promote the application of raindrop-shaped flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump (RSFTV PZT pump), basing on the existing research, the RSFTV PZT pump was simulated by computer. Firstly, the existence of the flow resistance of the flow tube was proved by simulation of FLUENT. Then, the dynamic mesh analysis of the pump was carried out to simulate the pumping flow rate at different driving frequencies. Lastly, the simulated results were compared with the experimental results, which shows that the flow rate tendency and value obtained by simulation are basically consistent with that by experiment. The simulation of the RSFTV PZT pump would be helpful to further accelerate related researches and promote the application of RSFTV PZT pump in MEMS and other fields.
Review on investment schemes of urban underground utility tunnels in multiple energy systems
Authors: Han Chang , Yao Yan , Ren Jiaorong , Xu Jiayu , Gao Qiang , Liu Shengyuan , Sun Ke , Huang Senjiong , Yang Li , Lin Zhenzhi
Published: November 2019

As a part of multiple energy systems, the urban underground utility tunnel plays an important role in improving the utilization efficiency of urban underground space. However, single investor and difficult financing problem make the construction of urban underground utility tunnels more and more difficult. Thus, it is very important to study a reasonable and effective investment scheme for investing the utility tunnels in multiple energy systems. In this paper, a review on investment schemes of urban underground utility tunnels is presented. The basic properties and related subjects of the utility tunnels are summarized and analyzed. The investment schemes are divided into three types according to the different investment subjects: government direct investment scheme, government and companies joint investment scheme, and public-private partnerships investment scheme. Moreover, the three schemes are introduced and analyzed in detail according to the actual investment cases.