bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feminist Thoughts of Progressive Thinker Bharathi
Authors: K Karthika
Published: September 2022

Feminism is about the liberation of women. For ages, women have been trapped and enslaved in a patriarchal society without the right to even think for themselves. They are being oppressed. They are being crushed and staged all the time. From the family to the country, it is considered secondary. Bharathiyar was shocked to see these atrocities and plight. He was a free revolutionary. He, a mundasu kavi (a poet identified by wearing a turban), was a progressive thinker. He was a man of his era who started talking about feminism for the liberation of women. What was the source of his idea that women should be emancipated? How to treat the female race? What should society do for the advancement of women? In this article, it is seen from what point of view they should be seen through his works. In that way, women's liberation, denial of education, love, marriage, divorce, remarriage, domesticity, politics, and heroism should be improved in all fields. Bharathi's statement that women should decide their rights and also the need for their personal freedom is explained in this article.
Social Consciousness and Women's Liberation in Bharathi's Works
Authors: K Vimala
Published: September 2022

Living in harmony with nature, human society has seen various types of advancements using nature. Since man began to live as an individual, he has upheld society due to his hard work. Also, when an individual comes into a society, he has certain values. Such values are changeable according to each society and period. In this way, Mahakavi Bharatiyar is notable among the poets who made the glory of the Tamil language known to the world. He is a social thinker. His record as a social thinker, freedom fighter, spiritual erudite, woman revolutionary, reformer, and so on is compelling. However, his approach and vision were far broader. Although he is understood in various dimensions like politics, spirituality, literature, and reformation, he also shines as a human being and a saint. Bharathiyar sang many songs for India's independence. He used the doctrine of “Religious Unity” for the freedom of India to unite the people in the freedom war. He removed the evils seen in old age and drew people to innovation. In this way, the aim here is to explore various platforms such as Bharathi's sense of national freedom, unity, and women's liberation through Bharathi's works.
Bharathiyar's Educational Thoughts
Authors: S Dhandapani
Published: September 2022

Mundasukavi Bharathiyar is the one who made a great revolution in the world of literature by making poetry a profession and that profession for the people of the country. Bharathiyar was a multilingual scholar who paved the way for human society's development by contributing works in a variety of fields. It is very difficult to give a definite single definition of the concept of "education" as the concept of education is used in many different contexts. However, the topic of Thoughts on Education is explored in the hope that explanations of education can be derived from the way in which the word and concept of education are used. Education is required for society to thrive rather than perish. Education without purpose is like wandering in the forest without knowing the way. Education is an essential factor for social change. It has been discussed in "Classifications of Educational Objectives" that the aim of education is to develop good or to eliminate scientific attitudes. A comparison has been discussed in the topic of "Educational Thinkers and Bharati—a comparison" with the aim of comparing and expressing knowledge about the human activity of "education" which helps people's knowledge, skills, and development, and what kind of change in human beings and society as a result of education, what educationists and philosophers have found out and tried to bring about in society. It is natural for everyone to have certain norms of life according to their stage in life. And Bharathiyar's educational ideas and social applications are discussed in order to emphasise that certain ethics are essential for everyone to fulfil their life's needs and to live together with others.
Bharathiyar's Thoughts in the Prison Life
Authors: V Gopalakrishnan
Published: September 2022

History says that Mahakavi Bharathiyar composed most of his works before his prison life. Each of his creations evokes different energies in our souls, because it is filled with philosophical thoughts that are necessary for all times. Bharathiyar migrated to Pudhuchery from Chennai on August 26th, 1908. He plans to return to Chennai after staying there for some time. At that time, wise men like Aurobindo, Va.Ve.Su. Iyer, and Bharathidhasan pointed out the extraordinary situation of the country and left without listening to it. On November 20, 1918, Bharathi reached Tamil Nadu again. He was arrested and imprisoned before reaching Cuddalore. Bharathiyar was imprisoned for 25 days as prisoner number 253. At that time, with the efforts of Sudeshamitharan Rangasamy Iyengar, C.P. Ramasamy Iyer, and Anni Besant Ammaiyar, he was released on the 14th of December. It can be said that those 25 days passed as if Bharathi was in prison, so his thoughts were not confined, and the works he created took shape in such a setting. It should be considered for a moment that he has spoken about ideas that have lasted for centuries while he lived for only '39' years. The purpose of this review article is to base this on the future youth society to take it and act as vigorous.
Feminist Thoughts in Bharathiyar Poetry
Authors: V Parimalam
Published: September 2022

Human society is a society where men and women live together. During the barbaric period, women were given more and more equal rights. That society was called the matriarchal society. Women were worshipped as mother goddesses. Women are worshipped as goddesses in literature, and are referred to as the Goddess of Victory and Suli. In Sangam literature, women were poets and knowledgeable enough to act as messengers. But the woman who was worshipped as Adishakthi was suppressed, oppressed, and disenfranchised in mediaeval times. The policy of not teaching women who do cooking was strengthened, and education was denied. There is no difference between men and women except in physical appearance. But they were included in the list of those who needed to be protected. It was Bharathiyar who appeared as the dawn of women's renaissance at that time. He wanted women to be well-dressed and presentable. A woman is naturally very knowledgeable. But some fools spoiled her knowledge. Women should be educated and their knowledge should be expanded. Bharathiyar wanted women to rule and make laws. He said chastity should be common to both men and women. A woman's power lies in her willpower. Society will prosper only if we realise the power of women and treat them as fellow human beings and give them equal rights. Where women are treated with due respect, society thrives.
Bharthi's Language Personality
Authors: V Vijayalakshmi
Published: September 2022

Bharathi was the one who came to refine this world with his singing talent. He showed a new way to high Tamil who showed good manners. He stepped into the world of journalism at a time when nationalism was floating in Tamil Nadu. He was a multilingual scholar. Apart from his mother tongue, Tamil, he was proficient in English, French, Telugu, and Sanskrit. However, he compares Tamil with these languages and praises it as a superior classical language. Bharathi, who was born in the southern part of Tamil Nadu as a moon, came to protect the pride and heritage of our culture and to remove the darkness of slavery. He came to practise this because of singing. He used the Tamil language as a weapon to oppose the white man and as a flower for the people. Language is a tool of communication. There is nothing special about it. Its special ability is revealed in the one who handles the language. Pavendher, while referring to Bharathi's language, has mentioned that Tamil was qualified by Bharathi because he enriched the Tamil language with his poetry. The work will affect everyone who reads Bharathi's work. A Tamil will forget himself and become attached to the Tamil language and the Tamil nadu. In the hearts of the enslaved people, he raised the voice of struggle for the freedom and rights of the individual. His linguistic personality is the reason for such pride. He extols the pride of the Tamil language by saying, "Among all the languages that I've known, there's none as sweet as Tamil." This shows his attachment to the Tamil language. The goal of this investigation is to show how his attachment to his mother tongue has revealed language personality in his works.
Bharathi's Spiritual Philosophy and other Thoughts
Authors: S Uma
Published: September 2022

During Bharathiyar's lifetime, Indian society was penancing for freedom. Bharathi's idea of a new society prevailed. Bharathi's attachment to the Indian nation began to search for truth. He expressed the truth in his songs as a philosophy that could be accepted by all. The philosophical thoughts embodied in Bharathi's songs reinforce the connection between thought and mind. And Bharathi's spiritual thoughts are seen to convey a sense of truth and a new philosophy of the divine. Humanity needs changes to live happily. The purpose of this article is to explore the consciousness of Bharthi, who sang songs that included many theoretical ideas that everyone is equal and I have social love.
Love in the Poems of Bharathiyar
Authors: A Sivanarutselvi
Published: September 2022

Bharathiyar is one of the foremost poets who glorified love. Among many poets, only the poems of a few people are close to us. Bharathiyar is the closest person among us in this way. Bharathi viewed love not as an individual experience but as an experience appropriate to women's liberation and superstition and the creation of woman's knowledge. Bharathi's poems of love for society are full of prosperity, awakening, revolution, and anger. Among the poets who wrote poetry for love, it can be said that Bharathi was the one who fell in love with poetry. The world runs on love. Love has no death. Bharathi adopted Shelley's comment that "If there is no love, there is no life" as a mantra. When life appeared in the world, love also appeared. As long as there is life in the world, so will love. Love is based on the mind and not on the body and knowledge. Love dispels anxiety and belies death. He who cannot feel love cannot appreciate poetry or art. Success in life can only be achieved by surrendering to each other in love. It turns out that love can break through barriers as well as reach immortality through love.
Bharathi and Parakalar Announcing Separation Unendurable
Authors: S Kiruthiga , S Gandhidurai
Published: September 2022

Some devotional literatures appeared by portraying the Lord as the superior male and the soul as a woman to make people to realize the philosophy of surrender.  Bharati, who realized the aspiration of woman, and Thirumangaiyalwar (Parakalar), who realized the superiority of the Lord, created verses by assuming themselves as the heroine to express their devotion to Thirumal. The expression of love is manifested only in Separation unendurable.  The purpose of this study is to compare the part of Kannan Pattu, ‘Kannan – En Kaadhalan’ composed by Bharathiar with the Thirumadals ‘Siriya Thirumadal’ and ‘Periya Thirumadal’ composed by Thirumangaiyalwar to reveal the inseparable sorrows caused to both of them by the separation of Kannan.  The Descriptive Approach has been adopted for this research to express the sorrows of the departed heroines, the psychological approach to explore how the heroines’ love is felt, and the comparative approach to compare the two's feelings of separation.
Anti-Colonial Thoughts Emerged in Bharathiyar's Works - A Perspective
Authors: S Dineskanth
Published: September 2022

The colonial system is one of the systems of government in the world. A "Colonial State" is a form of government developed in a non-European society that was directly subordinated to European colonial powers such as Britain, France, Holland, and Portugal. This model of government developed historically only after the sixteenth century. A colonial state is created through the means of conquering the people of a state or colony by treaty or force of arms; settling and building systems compatible with the social, political, and economic systems of the mother country; and ruling the foreign country under its authority under the sovereignty of the mother country. The colonial state represents the aspirations of the colonial state and not the aspirations of society. India, which is the superpower of South Asia, was once ruled by the colonial government and lost its autonomy. It evolved into an independent country in 1947 due to the desire for freedom of the Indian nation planted in the minds of the Indian people. Liberation from colonial rule was achieved through a moral and armed struggle by moderate and extremist activists. Mahakavi Subramania Bharathiyar was one of the prominent figures in the Indian freedom struggle against colonial rule. Bharathiyar yearned to breathe the air of freedom from childhood. He celebrated the Goddess of Freedom by putting an end to oppression and slavery. Through newspapers, songs and poetry, he inculcated anti-colonial ideas into people's minds. He made people participate in the Indian freedom struggle by inviting them to celebrate the achievement of freedom. He guided them to act bravely against the tyrannical rule of the colonial government and not to live like ordinary people. Due to Bharathiyar's activities, people started mobilising against the colonial government. It is a matter of pride that Bharathi also played a part in conjuring up the dream of an independent India and spreading anti-colonial ideas.
In Bharathi's Dream Vision, Women's Liberation and Soil Liberation
Authors: S Janani
Published: September 2022

An unparalleled poet of the 20th century, Bharathi was not only a progressive thinker but also a foreteller of future events. The former President of India, Abdul Kalam, said about dreams, "Dream! That dream is not the dream you see in your sleep. It's an ideal dream that keeps you awake." It is no exaggeration to say that Bharti dreamt of such an ideal many years before Kalam. Yes, India will be liberated anyway; we shall have breathed and swayed the air of liberation! Bharathi, who already knew that we have achieved blissful freedom by singing and dancing, it was Bharathi who sang the liberation anthem even before freedom. The most essential of his dreams are women's emancipation, unequal society, widow marriage, no child marriage, Tamil development, etc. Bharthi, who is very concerned about the welfare of women, says that women should get an education on par with men. Educating a girl only uplifts her. It will also uplift the community in which she belongs. Through that, our country becomes a superpower. Only then will the Indian flag fly in the world. Bharthi eagerly waits the day he will see Even though Bharthi's life had disappeared from this earth, he left the seeds of his dream deeply imprinted in our hearts. They started sprouting today. In today's time, we are travelling towards a higher level where men and women are equal. Many love marriages are taking place to bridge the caste differences. Widow Remarriages are encouraged. The government has passed several laws to prevent child marriage. Today's youth are working tirelessly to transform India into a superpower. It is certain that Bharathi's dream will soon come true through this.
Mahakavi Bharathi, The Forerunner of the National Education Policy
Authors: A.R Sathiyaprakash
Published: September 2022

According to Bharathi's educational ideas, everyone can get an equal status in society through education. He lays down the curriculum to include basic writing, mathematics, history, geography, astronomy, religious-based education, economic education, inquiry-based science, political science, handcraft industry, agriculture, business, physical education, and field trips. He insists that mother tongue education is the best for education. He wants to develop the necessary vocabulary for science subjects. Female education is essential for national liberation. Education should be given to women as equal to men. He says that only then will there be equality. Industry, agriculture, commerce, and many other professions should be taught during education and uplift the community it belongs to. It will also help to uplift this country. As a sign of education, he advises empathy for simplicity, anger for smallness, and making those lower in status equal to him. Education about nationality, legal education, and physical education should be made compulsory. Education should be an expression of students' self-reflection. Bharathiyar has expressed all the above as educational thoughts through his poetry, essays, letters, journals, and lectures. The aim of this article is to show that Bharathi's educational ideas were the forerunners of today's national education policy.
Preliminary Report on the Cairn Tombs of Kuik & Qaleh Bahadori in the Zahāb Plain, Kermānshāh
Authors: NAZARI Samer , SHA'RBAF Marzieh
Published: September 2022

In the summer of 2015, a preliminary visit was carried out by the authors with the goal of identifying and documenting archaeological cemeteries as well as giv ing a relative chronology of them at two villages of Kuik and Qaleh Bahadori in the Zahāb Plain, located in Sarpol-e Zahāb County in Kermānshāh province of Iran. Numerous tombs were identified in four cemeteries. Mostly they were located in the hillside of mountains. The pile of stones on the ground can be an indicator to assess them. Structurally all tombs are the same. All around the tomb's wall was elevated with different size of stones in several rows; after putting the dead body, the tomb has been covered with three or four cap stones. Then the pile of stones was put on top of it. Nevertheless these cemeteries were been looted by smugglers, still some intact tombs can be seen among them. Unfortunately, no cultural materials were found in these areas except for few potsherds; so this caused some difficulties to date the tombs. The morphology of their structure and comparative study with peripheral regions suggest probable chronology of Iron Age III for the tombs. It is evident that certain results will be achieved on the basis of archaeological excavations.
Preliminary reports of the late Parthian or early Sassanian relief at Panj-e Ali, the Parthian relief at Andika and examinations of late Parthian swords and daggers
Authors: FARROKH Kaveh , KARAMIAN Gholamreza , DELFAN Meysam , ASTARAKI Farzad
Published: September 2022

This article examines recent archaeological excavations with respect to two Parthian reliefs and an examination of Parthian blade weapons (swords, daggers). The first archaeological site examined is the late Parthian or early Sassanian cavalry motif in the town of Koohdasht in western Iran’s Lorestan province. The Koohdasht motif is comparable to late Parthian and early Sassanian cavalry reliefs such as the Parthian relief of Gōdarz II in Bīstūn and Sassanian reliefs such as those of Ardašīr I in Fīrūzābād and the Sassanian cavalry relief panels in Naqš-e Rostam. The second site pertains to the recent discovery of the Parthian relief at Andika in Khuzestan depicting a Parthian nobleman lying sideways, leaning on his left elbow, as he holds a branch with his left hand. The theme of the Andika relief has parallels with Tang-e Sarvak (Block II) and the Tina mountain reliefin Khuzestan. The third domain, which pertains to Parthian militaria is an examination of late Parthian swords and daggers housed in the Iran Bastan Museum in Tehran.
The Magnates of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 16th-18th century: towards Sejmiks. Ciechanowiec May 24-27, 2022
Authors: GOSZCZYŃSKI Artur
Published: September 2022

Overview and description of the 6th edition of Scientific Conference “The Magnates of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 16th-18th century” in Ciechanowiec (2022.05.24-27).
Tıbbi Verilerde Heinz Ortalamasına Dayalı Yeni Sentetik Veriler Üreterek Veri Kümesini Dengeleme
Authors: GÜMÜŞ İbrahim Halil , GÜLDAL Serkan
Published: September 2022

Advances in science and technology have caused data sizes to increase at a great rate. Thus, unbalanced data has arisen. A dataset is unbalanced if the classes are not nearly equally represented. In this case, classifying the data causes performance values to decrease because the classification algorithms are developed on the assumption that the datasets are balanced. As the accuracy of the classification favors the majority class, the minority class is often misclassified. The majority of datasets, especially those used in the medical field, have an unbalanced distribution. To balance this distribution, several studies have been performed recently. These studies are undersampling and oversampling processes. In this study, distance and mean based resampling method is used to produce synthetic samples using minority class. For the resampling process, the closest neighbors for all data points belonging to the minority class were determined by using the Euclidean distance. Based on these neighbors and using the Heinz Mean, the desired number of new synthetic samples were formed between each sample to obtain balance. The Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms are used to classify the raw and balanced datasets, and the results were compared. Additionally, the other well known methods (Random Over Sampling-ROS, Random Under Sampling-RUS, and Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique-SMOTE) are compared with the proposed method. It was shown that the balanced dataset using the proposed resampling method increases classification efficiency as compared to the raw dataset and other methods. Accuracy measurements of RF are 0.751 and 0.799 and, accuracy measurements of SVM are 0.762 and 0.781 for raw data and resampled data respectively. Likewise, there are improvements in the other metrics such as Precision, Recall, and F1 Score.
Determination of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) with Paper Based Colorimetric Method
Authors: BOZKURT Akif Göktuğ
Published: September 2022

Ascorbic acid (AA) is the most important water-soluble organic biomolecule with antioxidant properties, known as vitamin C in many foods and beverages. The number of different methods developed for the determination of antioxidant properties of foods is increasing. Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (µPADs) have been applied in the development of fast, simple, and cost-effective field analyzes in recent years. These developed analyzes are used as an alternative to laboratory-equipped qualitative and quantitative analyzes. In this study, a paper-based colorimetric method was applied for the determination of ascorbic acid. Geometric shapes with hydrophobic barrier were created on Whatman filter papers with the help of a wax pen. Using the principle of reduction of the AgNO3 solution in the presence of antioxidants in these shapes, the images of the color transformations were recorded with the help of a smartphone camera. ImageJ software was used in the image processing to determine the concentrations of standard AA solutions. Linear calibration curves for AA concentrations in the 0,2 to 1,0 mM range were obtained in grayscale and RGB (Red-Green-Blue) values. The coefficient of determination of the calibration curves (R2), respectively; 0,9389 for grayscale, 0,9728, 0,9628, and 0,8859 for Red, Green, and Blue channels. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used as a standard method to compare with the paper-based method. Freshly squeezed orange juice was used for the determination of ascorbic acid in the real food sample. The ascorbic acid value determined in orange juices by HPLC and colorimetric methods were statistically compared.
Production and Characterization of Antituberculostatic Drug-Loaded Nanofibers by Electrospinning Method
Authors: ONURLU Hilal İrem , BİLGİÇ ALKAYA Dilek , AYAZ SEYHAN Serap , CESUR Sümeyye , GÜNDÜZ Oğuzhan
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma, Tüberküloz hastalarında antitüberküloz ilaçların etkili kombine formulasyonlarının üretilmesindeki zorluklar nedeniyle yeni kombinasyon formulasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Bunun için tedavide etkin antitüberkülostatikler olan pirazinamid, izoniazid, rifampisin ve etambutol biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen polikaprolakton (PCL), nanofiberlere yüklenmiş, böylelikle mevcut yan etkilerinin azaltılması da hedeflenmiştir. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis basiline karşı etkin bir tedavi için çalışmada etken maddelerin elektroeğirme yöntemiyle polimerik nanofiber formasyonları içine yüklenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunun için öncelikle farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanan PCL polimeri DMF:THF (1:1 w/w) karışımı içinde çözülmüş ve homojen bir çözelti verecek şekilde Tween 80 (%1) eklenmiştir. Elde edilen çözeltiden elektroeğirme yöntemi ile lifler elde edilmiştir. Sistem, farklı konsantrasyon ve voltajlar (17 kV, 20 kV, 23 kV, 26 kV ve 29 kV) uygulanarak optimize edilmiştir. Optimizasyon çalışmasında, %12 konsantrasyonda hazırlanan çözeltiden en uygun PCL fiber yapısı elde edilmiştir. Sistem optimizasyonu sonunda 4 farklı etken maddenin 20 kV, 1.0 ml/h akış hızı, 18 cm plaka mesafesi koşullarında metanol içerisinde çözeltilerinde tek tek ve kombinasyonları halinde fiber ile kaplanması sağlanmıştır. Çözeltilerinin elektriksel iletkenliği, yüzey gerilimi, yoğunluk ve viskozite özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, elektroeğirme yöntemiyle elde edilen nanofiberlerin karakterizasyon amacıyla SEM görüntüleri alınmış ve ilaç salınımı in vitro olarak incelenmiştir. İlaç salımı pH: 7.4 fosfat tamponu ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve salım UV spektrofotometresi ile analiz edilmiştir. İlaç kaplı liflerden ilaç salımı, uzun süreli ve kontrollü bir şekilde sağlanmıştır.
TiO2, Ag ve TiO2@Ag Nanopartiküllerinin Sentezi, Karakterizasyonu ve Kök Hücreler Üzerindeki Etkilerinin in vitro Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YEŞİLKIR BAYDAR Serap , BAĞIROVA Melahat , ALLAHVERDİYEV Adil , ABAMOR Emrah Şefik
Published: September 2022

Kök hücre ve nanoteknoloji son yılların en hızlı gelişen araştırma alanlarındandır ve bu iki önemli alanın birleşmesi ile kök hücre nanoteknolojisi adı verilen yeni bir branş ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar ile nanoparçacıkların hücre içine girebildiği ve hücreler arası taşınabildiğinin belirlenmesinin ardından kök hücre nanoteknolojisindeki gelişmelerin arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilk kez olarak, farklı karakteristik özelliklere sahip olduğu bilinen gümüş ve titanyumdioksit nanopartikülleri ile bu nanopartiküllerin kombinasyonu ile elde edilen titanyumdioksit-gümüş nanopartikülünün insan yağ dokusu kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (hADMKH'ler) üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. hADMKH'ler hücre kültürü yapılarak çoğaltılmıştır. Diğer taraftan nanopartiküller sentezlenmiş, elde edilen nanopartiküller için Zeta potansiyeli tayin edilip SEM ile görüntüleme yapılmıştır. Üç farklı nanopartikül türünün farklı konsantrasyonlarının hücreler üzerindeki toksisitesi MTT testi ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca nanopartiküllere maruz bırakılan hücrelerin adipojenik ve osteojenik farklılaşma potansiyelleri Oil Red O ve Alizarin Red S boyama ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar aynı hücre hattı üzerinde her bir nanopartikül türünün farklı konsantrasyonlarının etkilerinin birbirinden farklı olduğunu göstermiştir. TiO2 nanopartikülleri 20 μg/mL'ye kadar toksik değilken Ag nanopartiküllerinin 1 μg/mL'de hücreler üzerinde önemli bir proliferatif etkisi vardır. TiO2@Ag nanopartikülleri ise tüm konsantrasyonlarda proliferatif etkide artış göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak tek başına kullanılan nanopartiküllerin hücreler üzerinde gösterdikleri etkilerinin yanı sıra nanopartikül kombinasyonlarının da ayrıca incelenmesine ve nanopartiküllerin kök hücre canlılığı, hücresel fonksiyonlar üzerindeki etkileri ve hücrelerin akıbeti üzerinde araştırmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ayrıca nanopartiküllerin ve kombinasyonlarının özellikle doku mühendisliği uygulamaları için hücre dışı bir matris elemanı olarak etkilerinin belirlenmesine yönelik çalışmaların artırılması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Investigation of Vertical Deformations with GNSS Technique
Authors: BİLGEN Burhaneddin , İNAL Cevat
Published: September 2022

Monitoring and analysis of deformations in the earth's crust and engineering structures are among the important issues of geodesy. In order to monitor the deformations, a geodetic network consisting of reference and object points is created in general. Deformation research is carried out by analyzing the movements at the network points. Measurements for the determination of these movements can be made with classical techniques as well as with GNSS techniques. The static relative positioning is a widely used method in such precise geodetic applications. In this study; the capacity of the GNSS technique to detect vertical deformations was investigated. For this purpose, a micro geodetic network was designed in the Selcuk University Campus area. A mechanism to create virtual deformations was placed on the object point in the designed network and periodic measurements were carried out by creating virtual deformations in the vertical direction. Measurements were processed with the Bernese v5.2 scientific GNSS software, analyzed by Iterative Weighted Similarity Transformation Method using the software developed to perform deformation analysis in GNSS networks, and the determined deformations were compared with the real deformation value, considering the ionospheric activities on the measurement days. As a result of the analyses, vectorial deformation amounts compatible with the real deformation value were obtained and it was seen that the motion amounts in the direction of the coordinate components were also compatible with the virtual deformation amount given on the mechanism.
Deprem Sonrası Kadastral Noktaların Koordinatlarının Güncellenmesi: 20.07.2017 Bodrum Kos Depremi Örneği
Authors: ÇINAR Fuat , TİRYAKİOĞLU İbrahim
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırmada, 20.07.2017 (Mw:6.6) Bodrum-Kos depremi sonrası bölgede bulunan nirengi ve poligonlardaki koordinat değişimleri hesaplanmıştır. Beş sürekli GNSS istasyonu ile sekiz nirengi noktasında deprem sonrası GNSS oturumları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen koordinatlar ile deprem öncesi koordinatlar karşılaştırılarak jeodezik altyapıda meydana gelen deformasyon belirlenerek deformasyon haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen deformasyon haritalarını kontrol etmek için 44 nirengi ve poligon noktasında 300 epok CORS-TR ağına bağlı olarak ölçü yapılmıştır. Bu ölçüler sonucunda hesaplanan deformasyonlarla Bodrum yarımadasının batı bölümünde, üretilen deformasyon haritaları ile uyum içinde olduğu görülmüştür. Yarımadanın doğusunda meydana gelen deformasyonun üretilen haritalarla uyum içinde olmadığı ve bu bölgelerde jeodezik altyapı yenileme çalışmalarının yapılabileceği değerlendirilmiştir.
Alternative Theory of Relativityto Theories of Special and General Relativity
Authors: ŞAHİN İsmail Tunahan
Published: September 2022

Bu makale, Einstein'ın özel ve genel görelilik teorilerini tek başlık altında toplayan yeni bir uzay-zaman modellemesini anlatan yeni bir genelleştirilmiş teori niteliğindedir. Einstein'ın iki teorisine göre de bazı fiziksel olaylar zaman kısalmasına sebep olur fakat sadece genel görelilik teorisinde uzay-zaman değişir. Bu değişim uzay-zamanın bükülmesidir. Özel görelilik teorisine de uzay-zamanın bükülmesi uyarlansaydı gözlemcinin bulunduğu noktasal konumun bükülmesi gerekirdi. Tek bir noktanın bükülmesi uzay-zaman sürekliliğini bozardı. Bu yüzden iki teoriye de uyan yeni bir modellemeye ihtiyaç duyulur. Bu modelleme kısalmış uzay-zaman modellemesidir.
Design of a Hybrid Method Exploiting Different Insolation States for Solar Radiation Forecasting
Authors: EHMEİND MAHAM Fatma , AKARSLAN Emre
Published: September 2022

The constant expansion of solar energy has made the accurate forecasting of radiation an important issue. An accurate prediction of solar energy production is crucial for the effective integration of photovoltaic (PV) and wind generators in smart grids. The intermittent nature of solar energy poses many challenges to renewable energy system operators in terms of operational planning and scheduling. For this reason, forecasting solar radiation by means of the hybrid methods is becoming widespread. In this paper, a hybrid method for predicting solar radiation is proposed, wherein the prediction model is determined based on the clearness index. The study used two-year solar radiation data of the province of Mardin obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). As predictors, ANN, NARX networks, and Ridge regression methods were used, and the training data were modeled with all three approaches in the first stage of the study. The clearness index was determined into three ranges; slightly cloudy, cloudy, and mostly cloudy. The training data were modeled with three methods used as estimators, and the success of each method was examined in each defined clearness index range. As a result, in the hybrid prediction algorithm, the clearness index is first estimated using artificial neural networks, and then the future solar radiation value is predicted by using the most successful model within the predicted clearness index range. Experimental results show that more successful predictions are made with the proposed hybrid method than when models are used individually.
Investigation of the NH4OH-KOH Pulping Possibilities of Banana Pseudo-stem Wastes
Authors: ONDARAL Meryem , ERSOY KALYONCU Evren
Published: September 2022

Artan nüfus talepleri nedeniyle kağıt hamuru ve kağıt endüstrisi hızla büyümektedir. Bu talepleri karşılamak için, çevresel kaygılara bağlı olarak, kağıt hamuru ve kağıt üretiminde alternatif hammaddelerin ve yeni teknolojilerin kullanımı artmıştır. Bu çalışmada, muz bitkisinin (Musa sapientum) meyve hasadı sırasında büyük miktarlarda oluşan muz yalancı gövde atıklarından NH4OH-KOH yöntemi ile kağıt hamuru üretim olanakları araştırılmıştır. Pişirme çözeltisinin muz yalancı gövde atığına oranı, maksimum pişirme sıcaklığı ve maksimum sıcaklıkta pişirme süresi sırasıyla 6, 165 °C ve 60 dakika olarak sabit tutulmuştur. Çalışmada %20 ve %22 olmak üzere iki farklı alkali oranı kullanılmış olup, pişirme çözeltisindeki NH4OH ve KOH oranları sistematik olarak değiştirilerek hamur ve kağıt özelliklerindeki değişim gözlemlenmiştir. Artan KOH ve NH4OH oranlarına bağlı olarak hamurların kappa numaralarının azaldığı ancak bu azalışın yeterli delignifikasyon sağlayacak şekilde olmadığı görülmüştür. Üretilen hamurların viskozite değerleri korunmuş ancak lignin içeriğinin yüksek olmasından dolayı hamurların parlaklık değerleri düşük olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, muz yalancı gövde atıklarının NH4OH-KOH yöntemi ile kopma indisi (60,95 Nm/g), yırtılma indisi (14,94 mNm2/g) ve patlama indisi (4,28 kPa.m2/g) değerleri yüksek kağıtların üretildiği tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre muz yalancı gövde atıklarından NH4OH-KOH yöntemi ile üretilen kağıtların ambalaj endüstrisi için uygun olabileceği düşünülmüştür.
Perspectivas del empleo en México a dos años de la pandemia covid-19
Authors: Chiatchoua Cesaire
Published: September 2022

La crisis pandémica ha causado problemas económicos afectando el mercado laboral. El objetivo de este documento es analizar la evolución del empleo en México a dos años de la pandemia COVID-19 mediante las estrategias adoptados por el gobierno con la finalidad de generar algunas propuestas de recuperación del empleo. Esta investigación es de tipo descriptivo con corte cualitativo, utilizando datos segundarios del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Geografía (INEGI). Los resultados muestran que se perdieron casi 1.1 millones de puestos de trabajo los primeros 6 meses de trabajo. Al inicio del 2022 se nota una recuperación significativa del empleo, pero aún no alcanza las cifras antes del confinamiento. El gobierno aplicó una serie de estrategias para el trabajo joven como Jóvenes Construyendo el Futuro, Apoyo Emergente a Personas Trabajadoras No Asalariadas Residentes de la Ciudad de México, ante la emergencia SARS-COV2 (COVID-19), Tandas para el Bienestar, Microcréditos a micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas y el empleo verde. De lo anterior, el gobierno debe aplicar políticas públicas para incentivar el empleo: el control de los precios que no dejan de crecer y la reducción de los impuestos para que las empresas pueden aumentar su capacidad de contratación. Generar de manera local fertilizantes que se adaptan a los cultivos del país. Fomentar la inversión privada así que la pública en áreas estratégicas como el sector agrícola. Aplicar la estrategia de consumo responsable a en todo el país. México necesita fomentar el consumo nacional y restringir la presencia de empresas extranjeras que proponen comida chatarras que daña la salud de la población. Para lograr lo anterior, se necesita una acción coordinada entre el gobierno (Federal-Estatal-Municipal)-el Mercado-la Sociedad-Universidad.
Eficiencia del gasto público en educación y sus determinantes en el Perú
Authors: Paredes René , Apaza Edson , Arpi Roberto
Published: September 2022

La investigación tuvo dos objetivos, el primer objetivo fue construir indicadores para la eficiencia del gasto y la eficiencia física para el logro del desempeño de los estudiantes del segundo grado de primaria el método de análisis envolvente de datos (DEA), el segundo objetivo fue encontrar los determinantes de la eficiencia del gasto en educación. En primer lugar, los resultados muestran que los departamentos más eficientes en el gasto en educación en el periodo 2009-2016,bajo el enfoque DEA con rendimientos constantes a escala tanto bajo el enfoque de orientación al insumo como bajo la orientación al producto fueron Ica y Piura; mientras con rendimientos variables a escala fueron Ica, Piura, Arequipa y Tacna. En segundo lugar, en cuanto a la eficiencia física, los departamentos más eficientes bajo el análisis DEA con rendimientos contantes a escala tanto con orientación al producto como con orientación al insumo fueron Moquegua, Tacna, Madre de Dios, Ucayali y Puno; mientras que bajo rendimientos variables a escala fueron Moquegua, Tacna, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, Puno, Apurímac y Loreto. En tercer lugar, los resultados sugieren que la eficiencia del gasto público en educación, está positivamente relacionada con los años de educación de la población mayor de 15 años, el estado de calidad del local escolar, y el canon minero, siendo el canon minero el que tiene mayor poder predictivo.
Analysis of Character Education Value on English Textbook Students Grade Seventh Of SMPN 10 Parepare
Authors: Hirdayu Nurul , Anwar  , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: September 2022

Character values should be taken into consideration in teaching and learning material. Textbook is one of media that can be used in teaching character education.  The purpose of this research were to find out what character education values in English textbook students for grade seventh entitled “When English Rings A Bells”. This research was focused on revealing the Character Educational Value based on The Ministry of Education and Culture within the textbooks. This research used content analysis study to know the implemented EFL textbook. The procedure in data collection were table checklist and documentation. Technique of data analysis is data collection, data reduction, data display and conclussion. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion that has been described shows that Character Educational value in English Textbook entitled When English Rings A Bell, The value of Friendship/Communicative was the most Common Value With 21%. Then it was followed by  Independent with 17%. The other valaue such as Religious  12%. Hard work value contains 7%. Discipline and Social Care value with 5%. Curiosity value with 4.6%. Creativity, Nationalism, and Appreciation Achievement with 4.1%. Enviromental Awareness and Honesty values with 3.5%. Reading Interest value with 2.5%. Tolerance value with 2.0%.Patriotism and Responsibility value contains 1.02%. The smallest were Love and Peace value with 0.5%. These findings lead to the conclusion that the textbook contain character educational values and upcoming for the future textbooks must pay a lot more attention to the character values.

Keywords: Character Education, Value, Textbook Analysis, English textbook, 2013 Curriculum,
Problematika Pembelajaran Kimia Peserta Didik Pada Pemahaman Konsep Dan Penyelesaian Soal Soal Hitungan
Authors: Susanty Heni
Published: September 2022

Menyadari belum optmalnya kemampuan peserta didik pada penyelesaian soal soal hitungan kimia stoikiometri dan konsep mol yang ditandai dengan masih rendahnya ketuntasan kelas rata-rata 60% - 65% peserta didik belum mencapai KKM yang telah ditetapkan , menuntut guru melakukan perbaikan pembelajaran, agar kemampuan peserta didik terhadap materi stoikiometri perhitungan kimia konsep mol dapat meningkat. Selama ini, guru hanya menyajikan pembelajaran tentang soal soal perhitungan kimia  stoikiometri perhitungan kimia konsep mol hanya dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dan metode penugasan tanpa refleksi sehingga peserta didik  tidak aktif dan tida mendapat pengalaman belajar yang bermakna sesuai dengan konteks dan pengalamamnnya sehari-hari. Oleh karena itu kemampuan dan aktifitas peserta didik perlu ditingkatkan. Fakta-fakta yang mengindikasikan adanya kesulitan belajar kimia
 Untuk memberikan gambaran tentang kesulitan belajar kimia, beberapa informasi telah dikumpulkan dari mailing list para penggemar kimia, penelitian-penelitian (mahasiswa S1, S2 dan S3)  dan informasi lain yang yang mengindikasikan adanya kesulitan belajar. Informasi yang ditemukan ada yang berupa data-data kuantitatif, seperti prosentase siswa yang berhasil mengerjakan tes, nilai rata-rata ujian, atau dapat berupa data kualitatif dari hasil angket dan wawancara dengan siswa yang berupa bentuk-bentuk kesulitan belajar. Kesulitan yang dialami siswa adalah: 1) Dirasa sulit memnghubungkan antar konsep; 2) Diperlukan kemampuan dalam memanfaatkan kemampuan logika matematika dan bahasa (tidak semua siswa punya 3 kemampuan sekaligus); 3) Perlu daya juang yang tinggi dalam memahami dan menyelesaikan setiap soal. 4) Pemahaman antara teori dan praktik sering tidak nyambung. kemampuan matematikanya  rendah  cenderung tidak tertarik untuk mempelajari kimia. Masalah lain juga ditemui di pelosok-pelosok daerah kebanyakan peseta didik  kurang memenuhi prasyarat belajar kimia seperti matematika, logika dan bahasa. Memang kimia tidak melulu matematika, tetapi juga berisi konsep lain yang tidak selalu berbau matematik.
Akhlak Sebagai Esensi Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Maulidah Maulidah
Published: September 2022

Manusia sebagai makhluk berketuhanan, jiwa manusia terdapat fitrah diniyah, yaitu potensi yang dimiliki manusia untuk mempercayai Allah sebagai Tuhan yang wajib disembah. Islam mengajarkan pentingnya akhlak yang mulia dalam perilakunya. Sehubungan dengan aqidah, Islam memiliki tiga unsur pokok yang menjadi landasan agama yang sering disebut dengan Arkaanuddiin yaitu yang terdiri dari iman, Islam, dan ikhsan. Iman, berada dalam urutan pertama yang dimaksudkan agar iman menjadi sumber atau pedoman semua sikap, tindakan, dan perilaku umat Islam dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas kehidupannya secara baik sehingga hasilnya bermanfaat bagi manusia di dunia maupun di akhirat. Dalam rangka membina dan mengembangkan seluruh potensi baik jasmani maupun rohani, dapat dilakukan melalui Pendidikan. Dengan proses Pendidikan, manusia mampu membentuk kepribadiannya.Untuk itu perlu diciptakan suasana kondusif agar terbentuk interaksi proses belajar mengajar yang mampu menyentuh dan menghubungkan seluruh aspek peserta didik. Ketersentuhan seluruh aspek anak didik akan mempermudah terangsangnya reaksi dan perhatian serta keinginan peserta didik untuk melaksanakan proses belajar mengajar. Formulasi secara integral dan harmonis dalam setiap interaksi Pendidikan islam menawarkan tiga konsep pendekatan, yaitu al-basyar, al-insan, dan al-nas. Dengan konsep ini akan dapat menumbuhkan minat peserta didik untuk mengembangkan seluruh potensi yang dimilikinya. Guna mewujudkan hal yang demikian itu diperlukan adanya norma akhlak dan aturan nilai moral yang disepakati bersama dan dijadikan sebagai acuan yang dapat membantu merumuskan tujuan Pendidikan, yaitu membentuk manusia agar memiliki akhlak mulia yang ditandai oleh adanya integritas kepribadian yang utuh, satu hati, ucapan dan perbuatan, memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap dirinya, masyarakat dan bangsanya.
Determination of the optimal immunizing dose of heterologous goat pox virus vaccine (Poxviridae: Chordopoxvirinae: Capripoxvirus) against lumpy skin disease
Authors: Abitaev Ruslan T. , Kondibaeva Zhanat B. , Amanova Zhanat T. , Sametova Zhanna Z. , Ussembay Abdurahman K. , Bulatov Yerbol A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Lumpy skin disease (LSD), sheep pox and goat pox are dangerous diseases of domestic ruminants. Representatives of the genus of capripoxviruses are antigenically similar and can be used as a vaccine for three infections, as in the case of representatives of the genus of orthopoxviruses, which includes viruses of smallpox, monkeypox, and cowpox, that all belong to a single family Poxviridae.
Materials and methods. In this study, the vaccine strain G20-LKV of the goat pox virus and the virulent strain RIBSP-2019/K of the LSD virus were used. The experiments were carried out on clinically healthy cattle of the Kazakh White-headed breed, aged six to eight months. Virological and serological research methods were used in the work.
Results. All immunized animals that received different doses of the vaccine showed resistance to the infection challenge, without showing any clinical signs of the disease. In animals that received the lowest doses of the vaccine 15,000, 30,000 and 40,000 TCID50, no adverse events, skin and temperature reactions were observed at the injection site. Those vaccinated with high doses of the vaccine had a local reaction in the form of swelling at the site of vaccine administration. Control animals infected with a virulent virus showed clinical signs of the cattle lumpy skin disease .
Conclusion. The vaccine, prepared based on the G20-LKV strain of the goat virus, is protective for cattle against infection with a virulent LSD virus at immunizing doses from 15,000 to 80,000 TCID50, which are dependent on the LSD epizootic situation in particular region.