bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanocellulose from Preparation to Application: A Mini Review
Authors: Song Licheng , Yan Chaoying , Che Xinpeng , Yao Shuangquan , Nie Shuangxi , Xu Huanfei
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the advanced preparation methods of nanocellulose are reviewed and their
advantages and disadvantages are compared, especially the application of using a eutectic solvent to
prepare nanocellulose instead of strong acid and strong base solvent is listed. In this paper, the wide
application of nanocellulose in medicine, sewage treatment, electrochemistry, gas absorption and
other fields is summarized, such as drug transport as a drug carrier and the construction of biological
tissue scaffolds for the medical field. Further research is needed, and the expectation of more
green and efficient preparation of nanocellulose and its application prospect in more fields is expressed.
Changes in Shear Wave Elastography after Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor Treatment
in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Douros Konstantinos , Kanavaki Aikaterini , Kanavaki Ino , Zoumpoulis Pavlos S. , Moustaki Maria , Loukou Ioanna
Published: May 2022

Background:

Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor (LUM/IVA) is an approved combination therapy for
cystic fibrosis (CF) patients homozygous for F508del.

Objective:

This study aimed to detect changes in liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in patients under
this treatment.

Methods:

The study population consisted of CF patients homozygous for F508del, 6 to 11 years
old, who had been treated for six months with LUM/IVA. Shear wave elastography (SWE) was
performed in all of them, before and 6 months after the commencement of treatment.

Results:

Thirty-one patients were included in the study. LSM values after treatment were significantly
higher than the values before treatment (medians and interquartile ranges of LSM values before
and after treatment: 5.6, 5.3-6.3 kPa and, 6.4, 6.0-7.6 kPa, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion:

SWE can detect early changes in LSM in some CF patients treated with LUM/IVA.
Impact of Dimethylfumarate on Sleep in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: An
Actigraphic Study
Authors: Rocchi Chiara , Lombardi Lucrezia , Broggi Serena , Danni Maura Chiara , Lattanzi Simona , Viticchi Giovanna , Falsetti Lorenzo , Bartolini Marco , Silvestrini Mauro , Buratti Laura
Published: May 2022

Background:

Sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are common. Dimethylfumarate
is an oral disease-modifying drug (DMT), whose impact on sleep is unknown.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to characterize actigraphic patterns in MS patients treated with
dimethylfumarate.

Methods:

Twenty relapsing-remitting MS patients with low to a mild disability, aged 20-50y, treated
with dimethylfumarate for more than 6 months, were enrolled. All subjects had no history of sleep
disorders. Actigraphy was used to study sleep patterns during a seven-day period. Sleep quality was
assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Twenty healthy subjects served as controls.

Results:

Our results showed statistically significant differences between some actigraphic patterns in
MS patients treated with dimethylfumarate and healthy subjects, but the values for patients were still
within normal limits. PSQI score was higher in MS patients compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that dimethylfumarate, an oral DMT with a favourable benefit-risk
profile, does not strongly alter sleep patterns in MS patients with low to mild disability and with no
history of sleep disorders. Actigraphy is a simple diagnostic tool, able to support an objective measure
of sleep parameters. The simplicity of application may allow considering its use for a screening of
sleep disorders in MS patients.
Information Leakage Tracking Algorithms in Online Social Networks
Authors: Shabaz Mohammad , Zhang Yusong , Beram Shehab Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Aim:

In order to explore the study on information leakage tracking algorithms in online social networks, solve the problem of information leakage in the current online social network. a deterministic leaker tracking algorithm based on digital fingerprints is proposed

Background:

: First, the basic working principle of the algorithm is that the platform uses plug-ins to embed a unique user-identifying information before users try to obtain digital media such as images and videos shared by others on the platform.

Objective:

Secondly, because the scale of users in social networks is extremely large and dynamic, while ensuring the uniqueness of digital fingerprints, it is also necessary to ensure the coding efficiency and scalability of digital fingerprint code words.

Methods:

Simulation experiments show that: 10 experiments are performed on 10,000 to 100,000 nodes, the Hamming distance threshold d is set to be 3, and the length of the hash code and the binary random sequence code are both 64 bits.

Results:

Compared with the traditional linear search, the proposed digital fingerprint fast detection scheme has better performance

Conclusion:

It is proved that an index table based on hash code and user ID is established and combines with community structure, to improve the detection efficiency of digital fingerprints
Formulation and Evaluation of Naproxen Sodium Loaded Invasomes for
Topical Delivery
Authors: Shailaja Abbaraju Krishna , Afreen Uzma
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Naproxen sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis to relieve pain and inflammation. It mainly acts by inhibiting COX1 and COX2 receptors. By inhibiting the COX1 receptor, it causes severe gastric bleeding and peptic ulcer, and by inhibiting the COX2 receptor, it causes cardiovas-cular side effects. In order to avoid the adverse effects of naproxen, there is a need to develop a novel drug delivery system. So that invasomes, because of their vesicular structure, are capable of penetrating more into the systemic circulation and will be acting locally and systemically.

Methods:

In this study, attempts have been made to prepare and characterize naproxen sodium loaded invasomes. Naproxen sodium loaded invasomes were prepared by thin film hydration tech-nique using soya lecithin as lipid, span60 as surfactant, limonene as terpene and methanol, ethanol and chloroform as organic solvents. A total of twelve formulations (INV1-INV12) of invasomes were prepared, in which four formulations were prepared by varying drug to surfactant ratio and eight formulations were prepared by varying drug to lipid ratio.

Results and Discussions:

All the formulations were evaluated for drug content, entrapment effi-ciency, particle size, zeta potential, and invitro drug release. Among the twelve formulations of in-vasomes, the INV2 formulation (1:1) ratio containing 40mg drug and 40mg surfactant (span60) was found to be the best formulation with a drug content of 96.62%, entrapment efficiency of 90.9%, zeta potential of -68.5mV, mean particle diameter of 572.4 nm, and invitro drug release of 91.6% in a time period of 12 hrs and followed the zero order kinetics with non fickian diffusion mechanism.

Conclusion:

In this present study, naproxen sodium loaded invasomes were successfully prepared and evaluated.
The Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression and
Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hodge Andrew Troy , Sukpraprut-Braaten, Suporn , Strayhan Robert C.
Published: May 2022

Background:

The use of psychedelic compounds to treat psychiatric disorders
has become a very significant topic of research over the past several years. Psilocybin has
risen to prominence as one of the most studied among these psychedelic compounds. Multiple
trials have already shown that it can be a safe and efficacious treatment for various medical
conditions. This study intends to perform a meta-analysis of data reported in clinical
trials studying psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety.

Methods:

Articles were searched, screened, and ultimately selected using predetermined
inclusion criteria. Data was collected from commonly used psychometric tests that measured
mood and anxiety symptoms. Effect sizes were calculated by comparing scores in these
tests at baseline and control to experimental groups. Sub-group analysis was performed to
assess psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety during short, medium, and long-term
time frames.

Results:

Statistical significance was achieved in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms
compared to controls in multiple subgroups. Heterogeneity of the effect sizes was calculated
using an I2 value which showed low to moderate values. Multiple tools were used to assess
publication bias, and none could be found.

Conclusion:

Although research on psilocybin continues to show promise, the evidence is
still at a preliminary phase, and more trials need to be conducted with larger patient populations
over longer periods for psilocybin to potentially be approved in a community setting.
A Review on Software/Systems Architecture Description for Autonomous
Systems
Authors: Souza Layse Santos , Rocha Fábio Gomes , Soares Michel S.
Published: May 2022

Background:

The design of Autonomous Systems must consider multiple elements of the system, such as agents, physical objects and their software counterparts, control mechanisms, sensors, actuators, and other components. All these distributed elements in the environment make the necessity of creating multiple views for design, including system coordination, development, structural, and behavior views. Therefore, Software/Systems Architectures have been recognized as an important element in process development to manage the systems' complexity.

Objective:

The objective of this article is to describe a review of architecture characteristics, approaches, styles, and standards that are commonly considered for the development of autonomous systems.

Method:

First, we describe important elements of software architecture, as well as the standards used in this field. Then, we describe the types of approaches for architecture design. In addition, we provide a classification of software/systems architectures for autonomous systems.

Results:

As a result, we present a review on the Software/Systems Architecture description for Autonomous Systems. We also find that formal architecture standards are rarely considered in practice, and a large variety of nonfunctional requirements is mentioned.

Conclusion:

As autonomous systems deal with many components interacting with the real world, under certain quality constraints, considering trade-offs and decisions, software/system architectures are highly relevant for managing all this complexity. A list of main challenges for autonomous systems is described and then discussed according to a review of the literature. This review can be useful for professionals and researchers in identifying software/systems architecture as an important technical element for developing autonomous systems.
PREDICTING THE DETERMINANTS OF INTENTION TO REDUCE FOOD WASTE WITH FUZZY SET ANALYSIS
Authors: Kurniawan Gilang , Wahyuningtyas Agustina Shinta Hartati , Andriani Dwi Retno
Published: May 2022

This study aims to predict the factors that drive the emergence of intentions to reduce food waste with a planned behavior theory approach. The study was carried out in Malang, East Java. The information was gathered through social media using a survey method with convenience sampling. The study employs fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA).The research findings indicate four conditions in the subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and feeling of guilt variables which are the core conditions needed to form an intention to reduce food waste. In addition, three of the four states were closely related to the general perception of caring and showed a tendency towards interpersonal and human-environmental awareness. Therefore, the recommended recommendation is a campaign movement that emphasizes community participation by adopting ideal food-management values that are simultaneous and supported by stimulation through public communication related to the minimization of food waste.
Performance of Bajomulyo-Pati Coastal Fisheries Port (CFP) on the Regional Economy
Authors:   Department of Capture Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Suherman Agus , Mudzakir Abdul Kohar ,   Department of Capture Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University
Published: May 2022

The Coastal Fishery Port (PPP) of Bajomulyo is the largest fishing port in Pati Regency and its existence makes the capture fisheries sector the basis for the economy in Pati Regency. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the activities and performance of CFP Bajomulyo on the regional economy. This was conducted from February to October 2021 at the port. Data analysis was carried out using two methods. The first is the descriptive method which involves analyzing operational activities and assessing operational performance based on the Decision of the Director-General of Capture Fisheries in 2015 Number 20/KEP-DJPT/2015. The second is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) which was used to analyze the determinants of Bajomulyo's CFP performance on the regional economy. The results showed that the port operational activities such as production, value, and ship visits were volatile for the results of the performance assessment based on the guidelines set by the Director-General of Capture Fisheries in 2015. This shows that the operational performance of CFP Bajomulyo from January to September 2020 was successful. Furthermore, the results from the SEM analysis show that the regional economy is influenced by the variables of government policy and CFP performance. Therefore, the good local government policies in the development and management of the port and its performance can improve the regional economy of the Pati Regency.
Analysis of Production Risks and Factors Affecting the Risk of Ornamental Fish Farming Business in Plosoklaten District, Kediri Regency
Authors:   PSDKU Socio-Economy Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Supriyadi Supriyadi , Sari Mariyana ,   Fishery Agribusiness, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Abdillah Kartika Intan ,   PSDKU Socio-Economy Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Asshovani Chusnia ,   PSDKU Socio-Economy Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Cultivators who are in business will confront various external and internal problems that may result in losses and uncertainty. The incident was caused by the risks that ornamental fish producers faced. If the production risk is high, it should be avoided otherwise, if the production risk is low, it should be handled more thoroughly. The purpose of this research is to determine the amount of risk associated with ornamental fish production using risk maps and to discover factors that influence ornamental fish production risk. The census was used as a sampling method, with a sample of 36 respondents. The data used is a combination of primary and secondary sources. Data analysis methods applied include descriptive and analytical methods such as variance analysis, standard deviation, coefficient variation, risk level based on risk map, and risk function based on the Just and Pope model form. Based on coefficient variation values and risk maps of 1.05, the risk level of ornamental fish production indicates that farmers' production risks are classified as high risk. Feed factors have a significant impact on the risk of ornamental fish production, whereas labor, pond space, medicines, and fish seeds have no significant effect on the risk of ornamental fish production.
Development of Diving and Snorkeling Ecotourism Based on Natural Resources Potential of on Miang Island Kutai Timur Regency
Authors:   Mahasiswa Program Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Sagala Wilson Titro , Zairion Zairion ,   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680 Indonesia, Yulianda Fredinan ,   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680 Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Miang Island has potential coral reef resources that can be used for marine ecotourism of diving and snorkeling, but there has not been any related study yet. This study aims to analyze the condition of coral reef resources, analyze the suitability and carrying capacity of the area for ecotourism and develop a strategy for developing diving and snorkeling ecotourism on Miang Island. The method being used for coral reef data collection by Underwater Photo Transect and reef fish using the Underwater Visual Census method. To develop the strategy of developing ecotourism is analyzed by using the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The results showed that the condition of coral reefs on Miang Island was in the moderate category with 40% live coral coverage. The area that can be used for snorkeling tours is 24.39 ha with a carrying capacity of 976 tourist visits/day. Meanwhile, the area that can be used for diving tourism is 13.40 ha with the ability to receive visitation of 536 tourist visits/day. Based on these conditions, the ecotourism development strategy is formulated that protects and utilizes coral reef ecosystems as sustainable tourism objects, facilitates access to development capital, makes a consistent policy, and coordinates between related agencies.
Модель линейного ингибирования активности фермента в ходе полимеразной цепной реакции
Authors: Фёдоров А.А. , Сочивко Д.Г. , Варламов Д.А. , Курочкин В.Е.
Published: May 2022

Currently, there are many models of polymerase chain reaction, some of which provide quantitative estimates of reaction components kinetics. At the same time, there are no models that allow to calculate the kinetics of reaction components when it is carried out under conditions that differ from optimal ones. In this work, a model of the polymerase chain reaction, which makes it possible to describe the kinetics of reaction components and products at a nonoptimal temperature at elongation stage is proposed. The model is based on a mathematical description of enzyme functioning in suboptimal conditions, that takes into account the inhibition of enzyme activity by the reaction product.
A Vector Error Correction Model to Estimate Potato Supply Response in Colombia
Authors: Cancino Escalante Giovanni Orlando , Cancino Susan Elsa , Cancino Ricketts Daniel Francisco
Published: May 2022

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between potato output supply and potato and fertilizer prices in Colombia using 2003-2018 time series data. Johansen’s cointegration and the vector error correction framework were employed, and Granger and diagnostic tests were performed. The empirical results show a strong causal relationship between the variables and that the signs and the magnitude of coefficients are statistically significant. Potato and fertilizer prices are inelastic, and the speed adjustment coefficient of 70 % implies that it takes a short time for farmers to respond to price movements. It can be concluded that own-price and fertilizer prices are significant in determining output supply responsiveness in both the short and long run.
The Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in the Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer: Pooled Analysis Study
Authors: Chen Pei-Chin , Lu Yun-Ru , Kang Yi-No , Chang Chun-Chao
Published: May 2022

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) for gastric cancer diagnosis has been discussed in recent years. The role of AI in early gastric cancer is more important than in advanced gastric cancer since early gastric cancer is not easily identified in clinical practice. However, to our knowledge, past syntheses appear to have limited focus on the populations with early gastric cancer.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AI in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer from endoscopic images.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review from database inception to June 2020 of all studies assessing the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Studies not concerning early gastric cancer were excluded. The outcome of interest was the diagnostic accuracy (comprising sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) of AI systems. Study quality was assessed on the basis of the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Meta-analysis was primarily based on a bivariate mixed-effects model. A summary receiver operating curve and a hierarchical summary receiver operating curve were constructed, and the area under the curve was computed.

Results

We analyzed 12 retrospective case control studies (n=11,685) in which AI identified early gastric cancer from endoscopic images. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 (95% CI 0.75-0.92) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.93), respectively. The area under the curve was 0.94. Sensitivity analysis of studies using support vector machines and narrow-band imaging demonstrated more consistent results.

Conclusions

For early gastric cancer, to our knowledge, this was the first synthesis study on the use of endoscopic images in AI in diagnosis. AI may support the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. However, the collocation of imaging techniques and optimal algorithms remain unclear. Competing models of AI for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer are worthy of future investigation.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020193223; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=193223
Nurses’ Experiences Using an Interactive System to Assess and Manage Treatment-Related Symptoms of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: Interview Study
Authors: Mangsbacka Maria , Gustavell Tina
Published: May 2022

Background

Treatment for pancreatic cancer entails symptom distress and a high burden of self-care. Patient-reported outcomes, collected with the support of mobile health (mHealth), have shown positive effects on symptom management, patient satisfaction, and quality of life for patients with cancer. For mHealth tools to become an integral part of clinical routine, experiences from health care professionals are needed.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to describe nurses’ experiences of integrating an interactive system (Interaktor) for symptom assessment and management into daily practice, when caring for patients following pancreaticoduodenectomy and during chemotherapy treatment due to pancreatic cancer.

Methods

Patients reported symptoms via the Interaktor app daily for 6 months. In the event of alarming symptoms, an alert was triggered to the patient’s nurse who then called the patient to offer advice and support. All nurses (n=8) who assessed patients were interviewed either individually or in a group. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis.

Results

mHealth can facilitate person-centered care by offering nurses a way to gain knowledge about patients and to build relationships. Further, obstacles to implementation could be seen due to a lack of structural prerequisites and uncertainty about multiple ways to interact with patients.

Conclusions

The Interaktor system can provide person-centered care. However, to implement mHealth tools as a clinical routine, focus needs to be placed on creating the necessary organizational conditions.
Quantification of Digital Body Maps for Pain: Development and Application of an Algorithm for Generating Pain Frequency Maps
Authors: Dixit Abhishek , Lee Michael
Published: May 2022

Background

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that signals potential or actual bodily injury. The locations of bodily pain can be communicated and recorded by freehand drawing on 2D or 3D (manikin) surface maps. Freehand pain drawings are often part of validated pain questionnaires (eg, the Brief Pain Inventory) and use 2D templates with undemarcated body outlines. The simultaneous analysis of drawings allows the generation of pain frequency maps that are clinically useful for identifying areas of common pain in a disease. The grid-based approach (dividing a template into cells) allows easy generation of pain frequency maps, but the grid’s granularity influences data capture accuracy and end-user usability. The grid-free templates circumvent the problem related to grid creation and selection and provide an unbiased basis for drawings that most resemble paper drawings. However, the precise capture of drawn areas poses considerable challenges in producing pain frequency maps. While web-based applications and mobile-based apps for freehand digital drawings are widely available, tools for generating pain frequency maps from grid-free drawings are lacking.

Objective

We sought to provide an algorithm that can process any number of freehand drawings on any grid-free 2D body template to generate a pain frequency map. We envisage the use of the algorithm in clinical or research settings to facilitate fine-grain comparisons of human pain anatomy between disease diagnosis or disorders or as an outcome metric to guide monitoring or discovery of treatments.

Methods

We designed a web-based tool to capture freehand pain drawings using a grid-free 2D body template. Each drawing consisted of overlapping rectangles (Scalable Vector Graphics  elements) created by scribbling in the same area of the body template. An algorithm was developed and implemented in Python to compute the overlap of rectangles and generate a pain frequency map. The utility of the algorithm was demonstrated on drawings obtained from 2 clinical data sets, one of which was a clinical drug trial (ISRCTN68734605). We also used simulated data sets of overlapping rectangles to evaluate the performance of the algorithm.

Results

The algorithm produced nonoverlapping rectangles representing unique locations on the body template. Each rectangle carries an overlap frequency that denotes the number of participants with pain at that location. When transformed into an HTML file, the output is feasibly rendered as a pain frequency map on web browsers. The layout (vertical-horizontal) of the output rectangles can be specified based on the dimensions of the body regions. The output can also be exported to a CSV file for further analysis.

Conclusions

Although further validation in much larger clinical data sets is required, the algorithm in its current form allows for the generation of pain frequency maps from any number of freehand drawings on any 2D body template.
Use of Robots in Critical Care: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Teng Rachel , Ding Yichen , See Kay Choong
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The recent focus on the critical setting, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, has highlighted the need for minimizing contact-based care and increasing robotic use. Robotics is a rising field in the context of health care, and we sought to evaluate the use of robots in critical care settings.

OBJECTIVE

Although robotic presence is prevalent in the surgical setting, its role in critical care has not been well established. We aimed to examine the uses and limitations of robots for patients who are critically ill.

METHODS

This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Library were searched from their inception to December 23, 2021. Included studies involved patients requiring critical care, both in intensive care units or high-dependency units, or settings that required critical care procedures (eg, intubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Randomized trials and observational studies were included.

RESULTS

A total of 33 studies were included. The greatest application of robots in the intensive care unit was in the field of telepresence, whereby robots proved advantageous in providing a reduced response time, earlier intervention, and lower mortality rates. Challenges of telepresence included regulatory and financial barriers. In therapy and stroke rehabilitation, robots achieved superior clinical outcomes safely. Robotic use in patient evaluation and assessment was mainly through ultrasound evaluation, obtaining satisfactory to superior results with the added benefits of remote assessment, time savings, and increased efficiency. Robots in drug dispensing and delivery increased efficiency and generated cost savings. All the robots had technological limitations and hidden costs.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, our results show that robotic use in critical care settings is a beneficial, effective, and well-received intervention that delivers significant benefits to patients, staff, and hospitals. Looking ahead, it is necessary to form strong ethical and legislative frameworks and overcome various regulatory and financial barriers.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021234162; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=234162
The Role of Serious Video Games in the Treatment of Disordered Eating: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Wymann SW , Ng Tricia JY , Wong Joseph ZA , Ho Cyrus SH
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Eating disorders and other forms of disordered eating cause significant complications and comorbidities in patients. However, full remission with current standard treatment remains low. Challenges to treatment include under diagnosis, high dropout rates, as well as difficulties in addressing underlying emotional dysregulation, poor impulse control and personality traits. Serious video games (SVGs) with the advantages of being highly engaging and accessible, may be potential vehicles to deliver various forms of treatment in addressing the underlying psychopathology of disordered eating.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to provide an overview of the possible mechanisms by which SVGs may affect the clinical course of disordered eating, while evaluating the outcomes of studies that have assessed the role of SVGs in the treatment of disordered eating.

METHODS

A systematic search was performed on Pubmed, PsychINFO and Embase using keywords related to serious games, disordered eating and eating disorders. A narrative synthesis was subsequently carried out.

RESULTS

2151 papers were identified, from which 11 papers were included. 10 of which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) while 1 was a quasi-experimental study. The types of SVG interventions varied across the studies and targeted different mechanisms of disorder eating, ranging from addressing problem solving and emotional regulation skills to neurocognitive training for inhibitory control. Most studies showed some benefit of the SVGs in improving certain physical, behavioral or psychological outcomes related to disordered eating. Some studies also showed encouraging evidence of the retention of these benefits at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

The studies included in this review provide collective evidence to suggest the various roles SVGs can play in plugging potential gaps in conventional therapy. Nonetheless, challenges exist in the designing of these games to prevent potential pitfalls such as excessive stress arising from the SVGs themselves or potential gaming addiction. Further studies will also be required to assess the long-term benefits of these SVGs as well as to explore its potential preventive, and not just curative effects on disordered eating.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Applicable
Mantle cooling regulation and ancient geomagnetic field
Authors: Reshetnyak Maxim
Published: May 2022

The joined core and mantle thermal evolution model of the Earth for 6 Gy is considered. The model describes evolution of the heat fluxes, temperature distribution in the Earth, energy available for the magnetic field generation. Using Monte Carlo method we find parameters of the model which produce realistic inner core size, heat flux at the surface of the planet, viscosity and temperature of the mantle. The quite large heat flux at the core-mantle boundary and corresponding energy source for geodynamo after accretion help to explain existence of the ancient geomagnetic field before the inner core origin.
Експериментальне дослідження щільності кісткової тканини при монокандилярній артропластиці колінного суглоба за попередніми даними КТ та інтраопераційного її визначення
Authors: Movchanyuk V.O. , Zhuk P.M. , Karpinska O.D. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Sukhorukov S.I.
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. Одним з основних ускладнень при монокондилярному ендопротезуванні колінного суглоба є нестабільність компонентів ендопротеза. При плануванні операції необхідно враховувати мінеральну щільність кісткової тканини для запобігання негативним наслідкам у післяопераційному періоді, таким як асептичний та септичний процеси в зоні встановлення компонента ендопротеза. Мета. Провести порівняльний аналіз результатів дослідження характеристик щільності кісткової тканини за даними комп’ютерної томографії та запропонованого пристрою. Матеріали та методи. Для розв’язання поставленого завдання було проведене дослідження щільності кісткової тканини ділянки опилу великогомілкової кістки за допомогою вимірювального пристрою. Для порівняння результатів виконували дослідження щільності кісткової тканини в зоні інтересу великогомілкової кістки за КТ-зображеннями колінного суглоба за шкалою одиниць Гаунсфілда в 9 зонах. Досліджували дві групи по 10 хворих: І група — пацієнти, у яких за даними денситометрії була визначена остеопенія (Т-score від –1,0 до –2,5), ІІ група — за денситометрією Т-score був меншим від –2,5. Результати. Установлено, що максимальна оптична щільність кортикального шару у хворих І групи становила 678 ± 150 HU, ІІ групи — 377±93HU, модуль пружності становив 1435 ± 363 МПа, різниця величині абсорбції кортикального шару між групами статистично значуща (t = 2,509; p = 0,046). У центральних зонах 1, 2 та 3 індекс абсорбції тканини вищий у хворих І групи. На крайових зонах 4, 6, 7 та 8 рівень абсорбції кісткової тканини у групах хворих практично однаковий. Модуль пружності губчастої тканини великогомілкової кістки в зоні опилу при ендопротезуванні статистично не відрізняється від розрахованих значень, хоча показник менший. Це пов’язано із структурою губчастої тканини, яка має тонкі кісткові пластинки й перекладини (трабекули), які перехрещуються між собою й утворюють багато чарунок. У місці вимірювання твердості губчастої тканини велика ймовірність потрапляння в міжтрабекулярний проміжок, хоча розмір індентора більший, тому у вимірювання залучаються й кісткові структури. Висновки. Сучасні методи медичної візуалізації, у тому числі КТ, дають не тільки точні дані щодо змін структур кісткової тканини, а й можливість визначити фізичні властивості тканин — оптичну абсорбцію кісткових структур, геометричні розміри тощо. Однак томографічні дослідження на сьогодні все ж залишаються доволі дорогими, тому розробляються більш доступні способи визначення фізичних даних кістки. Розроблений спосіб та пристрій вимірювання щільності кісткової тканини дозволяє швидко та об’єктивно визначити якість кістки в зоні резекції. Але в деяких випадках у хворих зі зниженою щільністю кісткової тканини виникає необхідність у додатковому передопераційному проведенні КТ-досліджень.
Дослідження напружено-деформованого стану моделі гомілки з переломом середньої третини великогомілкової кістки при різних варіантах остеосинтезу в умовах зростаючого стискаючого навантаження на систему «імплантат — кістка»
Authors: Stroiev M.Yu. , Berezka M.I. , Grigoruk V.V. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Yaresko О.V.
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. У загальній структурі травматизму переломи кісток нижніх кінцівок становлять 47,3%. Із цих переломів перше місце займають діафізарні переломи кісток гомілки — 45–56 %. Перебіг процесу зрощення має певні особливості у третині випадків, що пов’язано з надмірною вагою. Мета: провести порівняльний аналіз напружено-деформованого стану моделей гомілки з переломом великогомілкової кістки під впливом стискаючого навантаження при різних варіантах остеосинтезу та залежно від маси тіла пацієнта. Матеріали та методи. Розроблена базова скінченно-елементна модель гомілки, яка містила великогомілкову й малогомілкову кістки та кістки стопи. У всіх суглобах між кістковими елементами робили прошарок із механічними властивостями хрящової тканини. Моделювали перелом в середній третині великогомілкової кістки та три види остеосинтезу за допомогою апарата зовнішньої фіксації, накісткової пластини та інтрамедулярного стрижня. Усі моделі досліджували під впливом вертикального стискаючого навантаження величиною 700 та 1200 Н. Результати. Зміни величин напружень у кістковій тканині залежно від маси тіла пацієнта мають лінійну залежність. Апарат зовнішньої фіксації та інтрамедулярний стрижень забезпечують зниження величин напружень в зоні перелому нижче рівня показників для неушкодженої кістки. Накісткова пластина показує значно гірші показники рівня напружень як в зоні перелому, так і в проксимальному відділі великогомілкової кістки. У дистальному відділі найвищий рівень напружень визначається в моделі з остеосинтезом апаратом зовнішньої фіксації. У металевих конструкціях найбільші напруження виникають в накістковій пластині. Навколо фіксуючих гвинтів та стрижнів найвищі напруження визначаються при використанні апарата на нижньому стрижні. Висновки. Найгірші показники рівня напружень в зоні перелому (від 26,5 до 45,4 МПа) та на металевій конструкції (від 227,5 до 389,9 МПа) визначено при використанні накісткової пластини, що є наслідком виникнення додаткового згинаючого моменту в результаті її однобічного розташування. Остеосинтез за допомогою апарата зовнішньої фіксації забезпечує досить низький рівень напружень (від 0,7 до 1,2 МПа) в зоні перелому, але недоліком є високій рівень напружень на самому апараті (від 133,7 до 229,2 МПа) та в дистальному відділі великогомілкової кістки (від 13,2 до 22,6 МПа), що пов’язане з довжиною важелів, якими є фіксуючі стрижні. Найнижчі показники напружень у всіх елементах моделі визначаються при використанні остеосинтезу інтрамедулярним стрижнем, що обумовлено центральним розташуванням основної опори за віссю навантаження та короткими важелями, якими є фіксуючі гвинти. Функція залежності величини напружень в елементах моделі є лінійною та прямо пропорційною.
Біомеханічне обґрунтування реабілітаційних заходів після тотального ендопротезування колінного суглоба
Authors: Fishchenko V.O. , Saleh Obeidat Khaled Jamal , Karpinska O.D.
Published: May 2022

Тотальне ендопротезування колінного суглоба — це поширена ортопедична операція, що спрямована на поліпшення якості життя людини з термінальною стадією артрозу шляхом зменшення болю та поліпшення функції. Відновлення повноцінної функціональності колінного суглоба після операції ендопротезування, особливо в пацієнтів працездатного віку, було і залишається чи не головнимзавданням реабілітації. Мета роботи: на основі біомеханічних підходів розробити комплекс реабілітаційних вправ для відновлення функціональності колінного суглоба після його ендопротезування та надати оцінку ефективності запропонованого комплексу. Розглянуті основні напрямки передопераційної фізіотерапії, а також реабілітація на різних етапах від першого тижня після операції до року. На основі отриманих раніше даних обстеження хворих з гонартрозом і біомеханічного моделювання були обґрунтовані спеціальні фізичні вправи на різних етапах реабілітації, спрямовані на відновлення сили м’язів, що страждають у процесі перебігу дегенеративного остеоартрозу колінного суглоба. Запропонований комплекс реабілітації включає низку фізичних вправ щодо відновлення сили та еластичності м’язів і сухожилків стоп, литок, стегна. Комплекс починається з виконання простих дій щодо розробки м’язів у ліжку або сидячи і закінчується силовими вправами з використанням еластичних стрічок, вправами на присідання, ходіння на пальцях. Запропоновані реабілітаційні заходи помітно поліпшують стан пацієнтів після операції ендопротезування колінного суглоба завдяки відновленню функціональності протезованої кінцівки для виконання повсякденних вправ.
The Role of Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States in the Tech War with China
Authors: Han Wang , Jianhua Liu
Published: May 2022

With the escalation of the science and technology war against China, the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) continues to expand its powers with the support of Congressional legislation, and plays an increasingly important role in the science and technology war against China. The committee strictly restricts Chinese technology companies’ investment in the United States by means of routine review, case tracing, whitelisting, and long-arm jurisdiction, preventing China from acquiring advanced American technology through investment channels in the United States, so as to curb China’s high-tech development and maintain American technological hegemony. The goal of CFIUS’s review of Chinese companies’ investment in the United States has shown trends such as generalization of security, joint action, focus on emerging fields, and strengthening of law enforcement capabilities China should pay attention to the scope of CFIUS expansion and behavioral trends, and take corresponding countermeasures to avoid and reduce investment risks in the United States.
An Introduction to the Study of Talent Management
Authors: Das Pradip Kumar
Published: May 2022

Organizations across the globe are perceptibly approaching towards pragmatic talent management to meet organizational missions with high profile as in the current slump human resource is being reckoned as one of the most benignant modules of competition. This truth obliges organizations to approach talent as a wealth that must be addressed adroitly to triumph. Despite the recognition, there are extensive unidentified areas that have-to be explored. The descriptive study has detailed review of the talent management scholarly literatures akin to the varying concepts of talent management to explore the conceptual extremities of talent management. The study also explicates the concept and importance of talent management besides factors influencing its growth, challenges and key stratagems to overcome the threats in organizations. Results demonstrate that talent management has-been a substantially debated issue of 21st century yielding revved-up with success of organizational dream.
Information Security Technology for IPv6-based IoT (Internet-of-Things)
Authors: Kong In-Yeup
Published: May 2022

Various security threats may occur in the Internet-of-Things (IoT) environment. In this paper, we look at the threat factors for each layer that can occur in IoT, and especially recent studies related to authentication in the 6LoWPAN environment using IPv6 at the network layer. Based on this, in the future, we plan to configure the authentication protocol in the form of using a session key so that the other party can be verified before communication begins, and the session key is used so that they can trust each other and protect information during communication.
A new approach for compounding system integration risks with system maturity: A supporting methodology in the selection of candidate architectures for a system
Authors: Silva Hadler Egydio da , Perondi Leonel Fernando
Published: May 2022

Integrating a space system is an iterative process aimed at assembling the system according to user requirements and demonstrating through tests that the system is apt to operate in the target environment. The integration effort varies from system to system, and there is no standard methodology for its accomplishment. Researchers have proposed different approaches and metrics to estimate the effort associated with integrating a system. Sauser introduced the concept of an integration readiness level metric (IRL) for a system as a maturity assessment of the integration effort. This methodology parallels the technology readiness level (TRL) introduced by NASA in the 80s to assess the maturity of new technologies in a space system. The authors propose a methodology for the risk assessment of a system’s internal interfaces that translates and quantifies the perception of work teams about the challenges involved in the integration of a system. It consists of a structured survey of specialized opinion among project technical personnel to capture relevant technical and programmatic risks related to integrating system elements. The framework is designed to support the processes associated with choosing a system architecture. Although proposed for application in the early phases of the life cycle of a space system project, there are no restrictions on its application to different projects and life cycle stages. Applications include ranking systems components and interfaces according to readiness level and integration risks, supporting risk management in conventional risk management processes and supporting risk-informed decision-making processes to select system architectures.
The addition of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil preserves the microbiological and physicochemical quality of the fermented milk beverage during storage
Authors: Soares Farias Paula Karoline , Fonseca Francine Souza Alves da , Martins Ernane Ronie , Sales Marinilza Soares Mota , Leite Agda Silene , Oliveira Fabíola Belkiss Santos de , Mendes Pedro Miranda , Azevedo Alcinei Místico , Brandi Igor Viana , Durães Renata Ribeiro , Ravnjak João Matheus Almeida , Souza Cintya Neves de , Souto Cláudia de Andrade , Almeida Anna Christina de
Published: May 2022

The addition of essential oils (EO) as a natural preservative in dairy products and food matrices has been an alternative to synthetic preservatives. Clove EO (Syzygium aromaticum L.) is a potential possibility because it has therapeutic functions, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, as well as bioactive compounds. In this study, concentrations of S. aromaticum EO were added to a fermented milk drink and the effect on the conservation of the microbiological and physicochemical quality of the product during storage was evaluated. Headspace analysis identified four bioactive chemical compounds from the EO of S. aromaticum in the fermented milk drink, namely eugenol, β-Caryophyllene, α-Humelene and copaene. The microbiological and physicochemical stability parameters of the fermented milk beverage were maintained during storage, indicating that the EO of S. aromaticum contributed to the maintenance of the quality of the manufactured product. In conclusion, the addition of S. aromaticum EO at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 µL/mL in fermented milk drink helped to preserve the quality of the product in storage. In addition, the milk matrix does not interfere with the presence of bioactive chemical compounds in the oils.
Sustentabilidad energética: hidrógeno como combustible limpio en la generación de electricidad
Authors: Díaz Saldierna Luis Humberto , Leyva Ramos Jesús
Published: May 2022

En este trabajo, se realiza una discusión sobre la generación de energía eléctrica a través de fuentes alternas que utilizan hidrógeno como combustible. Las celdas de combustible más populares son las de membrana de intercambio protónico, las cuales generan energía eléctrica a través de un proceso electroquímico, en el que las moléculas de hidrógeno son subdivididas en protones y electrones. Los electrones circulan a través de conductores, lo que genera una corriente eléctrica. Este proceso es amigable con el medio ambiente debido a que los únicos residuos que se generan son agua y vapor de agua. Estas celdas de combustible se pueden clasificar dentro de las fuentes de energía limpias; además, dependiendo de la técnica utilizada en la producción de hidrógeno, las celdas de combustible podrían clasificarse también como fuentes renovables de energía. Como consecuencia, se logra una sustentabilidad energética, ya que se garantiza un equilibrio entre el medio ambiente y el uso de los recursos naturales.