bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reservas não provadas de petróleo e gás: uma análise sobre a relevância para fins contábeis
Authors: Leite Ricardo Gomes , Dos Santos Odilanei Morais
Published: February 2024

O objetivo é demonstrar a relevância das reservas não provadas para fins contábeis, evidenciando que, a depender das classes de reservas utilizadas pelas empresas do setor de óleo e gás para o cálculo de impairment, os testes podem apresentar resultados e avaliação quanto ao valor recuperável de seus ativos significativamente diferentes. A pesquisa consistiu na elaboração de dois cenários hipotéticos, sendo o cenário I associado apenas às reservas provadas e o cenário II às reservas não provadas. Utilizou-se o método do valor em uso, com projeções de fluxos de caixa futuros para um horizonte de 10 anos, do período de 2020 a 2029, baseado em estimativas econômicas e financeiras, a partir de informações de mercado, nos formulários 10-K e 20-F das empresas da amostra e algumas premissas definidas de forma hipotética. Atualmente, analistas financeiros e demais interessados nas informações contábil-financeiras das empresas de E&P têm acesso restrito no que tange às reservas não provadas, visto que somente um número reduzido de empresas as divulgam, de forma discricionária ou por alguma motivação específica. Busca-se provocar uma reflexão quanto à necessidade de discussões mais profundas sobre a relevância das reservas não provadas e suas respectivas divulgações. Os volumes adicionados de reservas não provadas às projeções de fluxos de caixas são relevantes e, em um cenário realista pode impactar a decisão pelo não reconhecimento de perdas por impairment pelas empresas. A decisão de uma empresa em utilizar diferentes classes de reservas em transações que afetem a contabilidade pode apresentar conclusões e reconhecimentos contábeis significativamente diferentes de outras empresas do mesmo segmento de petróleo e gás, dificultando, assim, a comparabilidade das informações. A partir dos resultados, pode-se reforçar a necessidade de políticas contábeis consistentes entre as empresas, quanto à utilização de classes de reservas nas transações contábeis, visto que contribuiria para a melhor comparabilidade entre as informações contábil-financeiras de empresas de um mesmo segmento, bem como normas contábeis que requeiram divulgações mais extensivas.
Relação entre práticas ESG e desempenho empresarial: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Da Silva Antônio Cléber , Carvalho Francisval de Melo
Published: February 2024

Propósito/Objetivo: Fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a relação entre as práticas ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) e o desempenho empresarial, sobretudo nas questões econômicas e financeiras, denotando a geração de valor para as corporações. Design/Método/Metodologia/Abordagem: Revisão bibliométrica sobre a temática ESG e desempenho empresarial. Os dados foram coletados na Scopus e utilizou-se softwares bibliométricos para análise desses dados. Inicialmente fez-se uma revisão conceitual sobre Responsabilidade Social Empresarial e ESG. Posteriormente, levantou-se os trabalhos mais recentes das temáticas através de uma revisão de literatura, procurando abordar os temas mais emergentes. Na etapa seguinte verificou-se quais são os artigos clássicos sobre o tema, os autores e trabalhos mais citados, os estudos mais relevantes e como o conhecimento sobre o tema tem sido desenvolvido ao longo do tempo. Por fim, objetivou também visualizar aquilo que ainda não foi considerado e o que tem sido pouco estudado, buscando, ao final, apontar oportunidades para pesquisas futuras. Resultados: Detectou-se que a temática é bastante abrangente, sendo estudada por autores de todos os continentes. O crescimento do número de publicações sobre ESG ao longo do tempo mostrou-se muito consistente. Ficou evidente que as práticas ambiental, social e de governança são fundamentais para o melhor desempenho empresarial. Contribuições/Originalidade/Valor: Este artigo estende a literatura sobre ESG e desempenho empresarial.
Role of Autopsy and Genetic Testing in the Diagnosis of Perinatal Deaths due to Congenital Anomalies: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kar Asaranti , Rath Shreya , Bhuya Pallavi , Panda Sasmita , Kar Tushar , Mohanty Lity , Guru Lilabati
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Foetal autopsy is one of the primary modalities for establishing the underlying causative aetiology in congenitally anomalous foetuses. Genetic aetiology is the cause in at least half of the foetuses. A correlative approach including dysmorphological evaluation, histopathology, imaging studies, and genetic testing plays a significant role in establishing the final diagnosis and management of such cases. Aim: To investigate the cause of perinatal death through a correlative approach involving Ultrasonography (USG), cytogenetic analysis, and autopsy in congenitally malformed neonates. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology at SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India, from June 2018 to June 2020. The study included 19 congenitally malformed foetuses/aborted foetuses/neonates not compatible with life, born in the labour room. Written informed consent was obtained, and cord/cardiac blood/soft tissue samples from congenitally anomalous foetuses were collected in a heparinised vial/sterile container during delivery and sent for cytogenetic testing. The deceased foetuses were weighed, external abnormalities and anthropometry were recorded, and then they were preserved in 10% formalin. Autopsies were performed using Virchow’s method. All internal abnormalities were recorded, and sections were sent for Histopathological (HP) study. All the data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: The study included a total of 19 cases, including 11 (57.8%) cases of Intrauterine Deaths (IUD). The majority were males 8 (42%), in the gestational age group of 20-25 weeks (36.7%). Maternal age ranged from 21 to 30 years, with the majority being nine cases (47.3%), and 13 cases (68.3%) without antenatal check-ups. The study comprised 6 cases (31.57%) of genetic syndromes, including Trisomy 21, 13, 18, and Monosomy X, 5 cases (26.3%) of musculoskeletal defects such as Meckel Gruber syndrome, Heterotaxy syndrome, and Thanatophoric dysplasia, and 5 cases (26.3%) of neural tube defects. Conclusion: Autopsy determined the cause of death in 90% of the cases and, when combined with genetic analysis, established the syndromic diagnosis. Autopsy findings can complement or modify the ultrasonographic findings. Therefore, perinatal autopsy should always be included in the management of deaths due to congenital anomalies.
Evaluating students’ research literacy knowledge, confidence, and attitudes at the beginning and end of a doctor of chiropractic program
Authors: Ward Krista L. , Johnson Dale F. , Delli Gatti Barbara L. , Smith Monica
Published: February 2024

Objective

The doctor of chiropractic program (DCP) graduate must demonstrate competency in clinical research literacy (CRL), per accreditation standards. This study aimed to compare student CRL knowledge, confidence, and attitudes between the beginning and end of their DCP.

Methods

We collected data on 245 matriculating students’ CRL knowledge, confidence, and attitudes between 2017 and 2018. In 2021 and 2022, 78 of these students enrolled in a course with an extra credit assignment that was used to re-collect CRL data as they approached graduation. We assessed changes between entry and exit using statistical analyses in STATA17.

Results

Paired data were collected for 56 students. The mean CRL scores on a scale of 10 at the DCP beginning and end were 5.25 (SD 2.06) and 6.54 (SD 1.89), respectively (p = .0001). We observed statistically significant (p ≤ .05) positive changes in students’ abilities to answer questions about Medical Subject Headings, the hierarchy of evidence, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and the limitations of abstracts. There was also a statistically significant increase in confidence, with over 80% of students nearing graduation reporting good or excellent abilities to find and judge health information for their patients. The proportion of students who envisioned searching a database to help manage a challenging clinical case decreased from 96% to 89% (p > .05). The proportion seeing themselves submitting a case report for publication declined from 16% to 4% (p ≤ .05).

Conclusion

Students’ self-perceived CRL abilities and knowledge improved between the beginning and end of their DCP; however, their attitudes toward applying these in practice declined.
The Effectiveness of Rubeda (Regional Learning Space) 3T Multimedia Application in Improving Digital Skills of the Warmon Kokoda Village Community
Authors: Firman  , Yahya Muhammad , Idkhan Andi Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Digital literacy is one of the indicators of the progress of a nation or country in the era of revolution 5.0, this is made by the Indonesian government as a framework called "digital capability" in this case the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology since 2017 with various programmes targeting four pillars or main competencies, namely: Digital Skill, Digital Culture, Digital Ethics, and Digital Safety, but Indonesia's digital literacy percentage in 2023 is still low with a score of 62%, the lowest in ASEAN countries. This is caused by various factors, one of which is the uneven development of internet access devices, especially eastern Indonesia which is an area without internet access or called the 3T area (disadvantaged, frontier and outermost). The type of research used is a combination of Borg & Gall's Research and Development (R&D) and Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). This is the purpose of the research to improve digital literacy (digital skills) through the development of the RUBEDA 3T multimedia application which can be accessed using an intranet network (without the internet) which is effective to use. The type of research used is a combination adaptation between R&D (Borg & Gall) with MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle). Measuring the effectiveness of the RUBEDA 3T Application using Paired sample t test analysis then continued the N-gain test. So that the results of the effectiveness value obtained a percentage value of 79.81% with an effective category, showing an increase.
Perceptions of Cat Rearing, Feeding, and Health Management by Cat Owners in Rajshahi
Authors: Ullah Md. Niyamat , Azad Md. Abul Kalam , Gofur Md. Royhan , Sarder Md. Jalal Uddin
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Perceptions of cat owners may affect the lives of pet animals. The study was conducted to learn about of cat owners as well as their contentment with and motivations for raising cats in Rajshahi districts of Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: Data were collected by a face-to-face interview with 150 pet owners who came to the recognized pet clinics in Rajshahi city from January to December 2023 and analyzes using chi-square test.

Results: This study showed that cat owners made up 70% by female of the total, while 30% made up by male. The majority of cat owners were young people, between the ages of 21 and 30 (49.3%). Urban residents tend to rear cat (62.0%) and have better educational levels (41.5%). Among the cat owners, 87.7% raised their cats indoors, and 11.3% nurtured them outdoors. Residence and educational attainment of cat owners have a substantial association (p<0.05). The breed of cats and their origins were likewise of great worth (p<0.05). The feeding habits of cats varied from owner to owner; however, the majority (20.7%) fed their cats cooked meat, cooked fish and pellets. Different factors influenced cat-raising with the majority (30.0%) being hobbies. Impact studies showed that biting had a significant negative impact and that unconditional love had a significant good impact. During the investigation, various cat health issues were noted; alopecia was the most common issue (24.7%). The vaccination and deworming rates for their cat were 54.0% and 52.7%, respectively.

Conclusion: It was concluded that different owners raised cats for different reasons, with a different preference in choice of cat breed, feeding practice, medication approach, and through a fuller understanding of these features, such research will aid in the development of a cat-rearing approach that improves the well-being of both pets and their owners.
Effect of Increasing Sample Size on Multi-Collinearity in Multilevel Non-Linear Model
Authors: Atoyebi Samuel Babajide , Obilade Titi
Published: February 2024

A multilevel logistic regression model demonstrating high correlations among predictor variables is susceptible to multi-collinearity. Multi-collinearity significantly impacts the robustness and interpretability of multilevel non-linear models. In multilevel non-linear models, the effects of multi-collinearity can be amplified, leading to distorted parameter estimates and inflated standard errors. This phenomenon contributes to an escalation in the variances of parameter estimates, thereby resulting in inaccurate inferences regarding the relationships between the response and explanatory factors. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of multi-collinearity on multilevel non-linear models. The research aims to assess whether the quantity of independent variables influences the Multilevel Variance Inflation Factor and to explore the effect of altering the correlation degree at one level on multi-collinearity within a multilevel non-linear model. Additionally, the research seeks to determine how multi-collinearity affects the standard errors of parameters in a multilevel non-linear model. In a 2-level logistic regression, a binary variable was the dependent variable, while pre-established standard variables functioned as regressors. The Monte Carlo analysis incorporated three distinct correlation strengths (0.2, 0.5, and 0.9) and sample sizes (500, 100, and 30). The Multilevel Variance Inflation Factor was employed for multi-collinearity diagnosis. The outcomes revealed that, within the logistic multilevel regression model, an increase in sample size correlated with a reduction in multi-collinearity. Notably, the influence of multi-collinearity on standard errors in a multilevel non-linear model was more pronounced. It was observed that increasing the sample size remains an effective strategy to mitigate multi-collinearity errors in a multilevel non-linear model. This approach is particularly crucial due to the reliance on maximum likelihood estimation in logistic regression, as opposed to ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, which contrasts with the methodology of OLS regression.
MGNREGA-Assisted Afforestation for Climate Moderation in India: An Overview
Authors: Yadav Prakash , Jha Ramesh Kumar , Parasriya Rakesh , Toushif P. K.  , Jain Visha , Mallesh Yalal
Published: February 2024

Although the influence of climate on the distribution, production, and operation of vegetation on earth is widely recognized, little is known about how local climate is impacted by forests and tree cover. Studies on climate-forest feedbacks are becoming more prevalent as a result of climate change. By analyzing previous scientific research on the effects of forests on climate, this study seeks to give an in-depth look at how forests, climate, and water interact. The MGNREGA is a programme that does not only reduces rural unemployment but also combats poverty. This flagship program improves not only the economic side at the grassroots level, but also the social and environmental aspects through various initiatives such as water harvesting, social forestry, flood management, drought proofing, land development, efficient rural connectivity, and so on. All of India's sustainable development objectives are being directly or indirectly achieved by the federal government-sponsored programme MGNREGA, which employs a decentralized strategy. It is a strategy for more efficiency using resources to meet the needs of the present while preserving them for use by future generations. It makes sense that it is founded on economic, social, and ecological principles to advance sustainable human development. The present article is focused on evaluating the effect MGNREGA-assisted afforestation program has on climate change over the past few years across India.
Effect of Combination of Soil Improvers and N, P, K Fertilizer on Organic C, Total N, Uptake N, and Yield of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Inceptisols from Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Joy Benny , Raidasari Fatharani
Published: February 2024

Intensive inorganic fertilization in conventional agriculture can cause a decrease in soil quality. Modification through balanced fertilization with soil amendments is expected to improve soil quality and increase plant productivity. The experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of a combination of soil improver and N, P, K fertilizer on lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) with a focus on increasing organic C, total N, and uptake N, as well as finding the dose that provides the best lowland rice yields in Inceptisols from Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia. Field experiments using plastic buckets as experimental units for 5 months were carried out and arranged based on a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with eight treatment groups, including Control (A), recommended N, P, K dose (B), soil improvers (C), ½ soil improvers and ¾ recommended NPK dose (D), ¾ soil improvers and ¾ recommended N, P, K dose (E), soil improvers and ¾ recommended N, P, K dose (F), 1½ soil improvers and ¾ recommended N, P, K dose (G), as well as soil improvers and recommended N, P, K dose (H).  The results showed was that there is an influence of the combination of soil improvers and N, P, and K fertilizer in increasing organic C, total N, uptake N, and rice yield. This experiment concluded that the dose of 1 soil improvers (8 Mg ha-1) and ¾ recommended N, P, K dose (262.5 kg ha-1 Urea, 37.5 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 37.5 kg ha-1 KCl) was the best treatment in increasing rice yields and it is necessary to carry out experiments on rice yields with a higher level of heterogeneity.
Influence of NAA and Zinc Sulphate on Fruiting Parameters and Marketable Yield of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. Rose Scented
Authors: Rawat Anand Singh , Tripathi V. K.
Published: February 2024

This experiment was conducted in 2022 and 2023 at the Horticulture Garden, Department of Fruit Science, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.). On three replications with sixteen treatments, the Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, four levels of NAA (0, 25, 50, and 75 ppm), zinc sulphate (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 percent), and their combination were sprayed twice, on January 28 and March 16 of each year, respectively, before flowering and fruit setting (at pea stage). This study examines the effects of NAA and ZnSO4 on litchi cv. Rose scented for enhanced flowering, and high yield of improved quality fruits of litchi. According to the findings, the treatment with NAA 50ppm and 0.4% zinc improved fruiting-like; fruit set per panicle (258.90 and 259.41), fruit count before the second foliar spray at the pea stage (45.81 and 49.19), fruit count at pit hardening stage (39.15 and 38.70), fruit count at ripening stage (22.80 and 23.44) with a decreased fruit cracking (2.14 and 2.10) and higher yield of marketable fruits (78.34 and 78.29 kg/plant). The consequences of the medium concentration also showed the highest physical parameters of fruit length (3.57 and 3.60 cm), largest fruit diameter (3.22 and 3.20 cm) and fruit weight (20.12 and 22.28 g). It was concluded that the application of NAA and zinc had a non-significant impact on fruiting and quality of litchi, resulting in maximum fruit set and retention and yield-related characteristics like fruit weight that ultimately led to an increase in the yield per plant.
Evaluation of Chemical Fungicides Against Sheath Blight Disease of Rice in India
Authors: Sharma Sonu , Tripathi S. K. , Sharma Anil Kumar , Prajapati Smita , Gautam Vedant , Mahore Prince
Published: February 2024

Sheath blight of rice, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, is emerging as a very destructive disease that causes significant yield losses.  The present study was conducted at experimental field of College of Agriculture, Rewa, (M.P.) during 2018-2019.  The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Seven fungicide namely Flusilazole12.5%+carbendazim 25% SC, Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w+difenoconazole 11.4 w/w SC, Azoxystrobin 11%+Tebuconazole 18.3% w/w SC, Tricyclazole 18%+ mancozeb 62%WP, Zineb 68% + hexaconazole 4% WP, Trifloxystrobin 25%+Tebuconazole 50%WG, Mancozeb 50%+carbendazim 25%WS, were tested for their efficacy to manage the sheath blight of rice. All the fungicide were found to reduce the sheath blight disease significantly. It can be concluded that among the tested fungicides, Azoxystrobin 11%+Tebuconazole 18.3% w/w SC was found highly effective for controlling sheath blight of rice.
Evaluation of the Agro-technological and Health Characteristics of Sugar Cane Varieties (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Rainfall Conditions
Authors: Joseph Alle Yamoussou , Tavares Bogui , Gnenakan Yeo , Didier Kouame Konan , Lassina Fondio
Published: February 2024

Sugar cane Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae) is an important industrial crop in the Ivory Coast. Cane production involves two types of culture. The irrigated cultivation of sugar cane which is that practiced by industrialists and the cultivation in rainy conditions which is that of village producers The study aimed to improve agricultural productivity in village sugar cane plantations by selecting varieties adapted to rain conditions. The trials carried out at the CNRA research station in Ferké (north of the Ivory Coast) in experimental plots were arranged in complete randomized blocks with 7 varieties, including two controls, repeated 6 times. These experiments were carried out on two consecutive harvest cycles, a virgin and a regrowth, with cane yield, extractable sugar content and tolerance to bio-aggressors as the main selection criteria. The varieties Co 997, M 1176/77 and M 2238/89 were found to be significantly superior to controls R 570 and SP 711406. As for the variety KnH 80412, it appeared equivalent to the best control R 570. Among these 5 varieties tested under rainy conditions, the most productive was Co 997 with 60.5 t of cane / ha after 2 consecutive harvest cycles since the new plantation. These best varieties   Co 997, M 1176/77 and M 2238/89 are drought tolerant and can therefore replace obsolete varieties that have become too sensitive to the major enemies of sugar cane in village cultivation in the Ferkessédougou region.
Synthesis of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Cr-PTC-HIna for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption
Authors: Nurhasni Nurhasni , Adawiah Adawiah , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Hadriyani Rizka , Andriyani Leni , Fadhilla Rizkha , Zulys Agustino , Sukandar Dede
Published: February 2024

As an adsorbent material, Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) provides several advantages, such as large surface area and pore volume, as well as stability in aqueous systems both in acidic, basic, and neutral conditions. The research successfully made a metal organic framework (MOF) from chromium and perylene that was modulated by isonicotinic acid. This was done using three different methods: hydrothermal (Cr-PTC-HIna-HT), solvothermal (Cr-PTC-HIna-ST), and sonochemical (Cr-PTC-HIna-SC). The Cr-PTC-HIna-SC showed the greatest Pb2+ ion adsorption capacity. The optimum adsorption of Pb2+ ions occurred at 150 ppm Pb2+ ion concentration, pH 5, 90 minutes of contact time, and an adsorption capacity of 149.95 mg/g at 35 °C. The dominant adsorption isotherm model is the Langmuir isotherm model with R2 = 0.9867 and follows the pseudo-second-order. The selectivity test showed that Cr-PTC-HIna-SC MOF could adsorb more Cd2+ ions than Pb2+ ions, with 250 mg/g being the best amount.
Growth of zirconia particles made by flame spray pyrolysis
Authors: Mueller Roger , Jossen Rainer , Kammler Hendrik K. , Pratsinis Sotiris E. , Akhtar M. Kamal
Published: November 2004

The growth of ZrO2 particles in spray flames is studied at production rates of 100 and 300 g/h by thermophoretic sampling (TS) and image analysis of transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs. At each TS location, the corresponding temperature of the particle‐laden spray flame is measured along the centerline by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The product powder is analyzed by nitrogen adsorption and TEM. The measured evolution of primary particle size distribution is presented and quantitatively explained, accounting for aerosol coagulation and sintering. The evolution of the average agglomerate size and number of primary particles per agglomerate is calculated and compared to TEM micrographs. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 3085–3094, 2004
Segregation of fluidized binary mixtures of granular solids
Authors: Olivieri Giuseppe , Marzocchella Antonio , Salatino Piero
Published: November 2004

Fluidization behavior of binary mixtures of solids is addressed. Three binary systems were considered, obtained by mixing monodisperse granular solids of different size and/or density. A segmented fluidization column equipped with multiple pressure transducers was the experimental apparatus. Monitoring of pressure at different locations along the bed and direct characterization of solids contained in each segment were the experimental tools. The binary granular beds were in one of the following states, depending on gas superficial velocity and initial mixture fraction: fixed, bubbly‐free fluidization, transient fluidization, and bubbling steady fluidization. Fluidization regimes were mapped in a gas superficial velocity vs. initial mixture fraction phase plane. Axial solids concentration profiles along the bed and solids segregation rates were also assessed for the three systems as a function of the operating conditions of the bed. Differences and similarities between the systems were analyzed and interpreted in the light of the basic segregation patterns. In particular whether a defluidized bottom layer of jetsam‐rich solids is formed upon segregation appears to be an important key to the segregation phenomenology. The currently available models for the prediction of solids segregation in fluidized beds prove to be helpful to understand the qualitative features of the phenomenology, but fall short when quantitative prediction of segregation parameters is afforded. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 3095‐3106, 2004
Interdependence of N‐acetyl aspartate and high‐energy phosphates in healthy human brain
Authors: Pan Jullie W. , Takahashi Kan
Published: November 2004

Because cellular and extract data have suggested that N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) reflects neuronal mitochondrial function, we evaluated the quantitative relationship between NAA, high‐energy phosphates, and ADP levels in the hippocampus and occipital lobe of 15 healthy volunteers. The ADP levels are calculated using the creatine kinase equilibrium and quantified 31P and total creatine measurements. Using high‐field quantitative MR spectroscopic imaging, we find that NAA and ADP concentrations in the hippocampal body are 9.7 ± 1.5mM and 35 ± 8μM, respectively. In the occipital lobe, NAA and ADP are 11.9 ± 1.9mM and 32 ± 12μM, respectively. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between NAA and ADP, with R = +0.80, p < 2 × 10−7in the hippocampal body. In an adjacent hippocampal NAA voxel, the correlation between NAA and ADP had a R = +0.62, p < 3 × 10−4, whereas, in the occipital lobe, R = +0.67, p < 5 × 10−5. There was no significant relationship NAA and either ATP or phosphocreatine. This positive relationship of NAA with ADP suggests a directional process wherein energetics may modulate mitochondrial function. Ann Neurol 2004.
Syntheses, Structures, Second‐Harmonic Generating, and Ferroelectric Properties of Tungsten Bronzes: A6M2M′8O30 (A: Sr2+, Ba2+, or Pb2+; M: Ti4+, Zr4+, or Hf4+; M′: Nb5+ or Ta5+).
Authors: Chi Eun Ok , Gandini Alberto , Ok Kang Min , Zhang Lei , Halasyamani P. Shiv
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High‐Energy‐Density Materials: Synthesis and Characterization of N+5[P(N3)6]‐, N+5[B(N3)4]‐, N+5[HF2]‐×nHF, N+5[BF4]‐, N+5[PF6]‐, and N+5[SO3F]‐.
Authors: Haiges Ralf , Schneider Stefan , Schroer Thorsten , Christe Karl O.
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereochemical Studies of Chiral Acyclic Nitroxides Coupling with a Prochiral Radical.
Authors: Braslau Rebecca , Chaplinski Vladimir , Nilsen Aaron , Arulsamy Navamoney
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
HetPHOX: A New Class of Easily Prepared Modular Chiral Ligands.
Authors: End Nicole , Stoessel Catherine , Berens Ulrich , di Pietro Pierino , Cozzi Pier Giorgio
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catalytic Deallylation of Allyl‐ and Diallylmalonates.
Authors: Necas David , Tursky Matyas , Kotora Martin
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Novel and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of α‐Azidoketones and α‐Ketothiocyanates.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Reddy V. B. Subba , Srinivas M.
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lithium Acetate‐Catalyzed Aldol Reaction Between Aldehyde and Trimethylsilyl Enolate in Anhydrous or Water‐Containing N,N‐Dimethylformamide.
Authors: Nakagawa Takashi , Fujisawa Hidehiko , Nagata Yuzo , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of Aryl Di‐, Tri‐, or Tetrabromides with Arylboronic Acids or Alkenes in the Presence of a Palladium‐Tetraphosphine Catalyst.
Authors: Berthiol Florian , Kondolff Isabelle , Doucet Henri , Santelli Maurice
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Triol Units by SnCl4 Promoted Allylation of α‐Benzyloxyaldehydes: Crucial Role of the Stoichiometry of the Lewis Acid.
Authors: Dubost Christophe , Leroy Bernard , Marko Istvan E. , Tinant Bernard , Declercq Jean‐Paul , Bryans Justin
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hemisynthesis of Methyl Pyrethroates from γ‐Alkoxy‐Alkylidene Malonates and Isopropylidenediphenylsulfurane and Isopropylidenetriphenylphosphorane.
Authors: Krief Alain , Froidbise Alexandre
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Inter‐ and Intramolecular [4 + 1]‐Cycloadditions Between Electron‐Poor Dienes and Electron‐Rich Carbenes.
Authors: Spino Claude , Rezaei Hadi , Dupont‐Gaudet Kristina , Belanger Francis
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of New Diethynylbenzene Derivatives.
Authors: Chimenti F. , Bolasco A. , Secci D. , Chimenti P. , Granese A.
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Reactions of Azomethines Containing a m‐Phenoxyphenyl Group. Part 2. Chemical Transformations of N‐Aryl‐m‐phenoxyphenylmethanimines and Arylhydrazones of m‐Phenoxybenzaldehyde.
Authors: Popov Yu. V. , Korchagina T. K. , Chicherina G. V. , Ermakova T. A.
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Access to Enantiomerically Pure Rigid Diamines.
Authors: Planas Loic , Perard‐Viret Joelle , Royer Jacques
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Identification of [(Naphthalene‐1‐carbonyl)‐amino]‐acetic Acid Derivatives as Nonnucleoside Inhibitors of HCV NS5B RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase.
Authors: Gopalsamy Ariamala , Lim Kitae , Ellingboe John W. , Krishnamurthy Girija , Orlowski Mark , Feld Boris , van Zeijl Marja , Howe Anita Y. M.
Published: November 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Platinum‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of γ‐ and δ‐Hydroxy Olefins to Form Cyclic Ethers.
Authors: Qian Hua , Han Xiaoqing , Widenhoefer Ross A.
Published: November 2004

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Scope of Mercuric Acetate Oxidation of Chalcones and the Antibacterial Activity of Resulting Aurones.
Authors: Khan M. S. Y. , Mueed M. Asad
Published: November 2004

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β‐Polynitration of 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(2′,6′‐Dichlorophenyl)porphyrins with HNO3 and Cu(NO3)2 on Clay Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Chauhan S. M. S. , Kumar Anil , Srinivas K. A.
Published: November 2004

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Novel Factor Xa Inhibitors Based on a 2‐Carboxyindole Scaffold: SAR of P4 Substituents in Combination with a Neutral P1 Ligand.
Authors: Nazare Marc , et al. et al.
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis of Six New 2‐Aryl‐N‐biphenyl Benzimidazoles and Crystal Structure of Methyl 4′‐[(2‐p‐Chlorophenyl‐1H‐benzimidazole‐1‐yl)‐methyl] biphenyl‐2‐carboxylate.
Authors: Zhiming Zhou , Weifa Yu , Jun Zhang , Xinqi Zhao , Congxuan Yu
Published: November 2004

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Discovery of Isoxazolinone Antibacterial Agents. Nitrogen as a Replacement for the Stereogenic Center Found in Oxazolidinone Antibacterials.
Authors: Snyder Lawrence B. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis of New Coumarin 3‐(N‐Aryl) Sulfonamides and Their Anticancer Activity.
Authors: Srinivasa Reddy Natala , Mallireddigari Muralidhar Reddy , Cosenza Stephen , Gumireddy Kiranmai , Bell Stanley C. , Premkumar Reddy E. , Ramana Reddy M. V.
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis of Aryl‐Substituted Quinoline Derivatives via Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed [4 + 2] Aza Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Akiyama Takahiko , Nakashima Saeko , Yokota Koji , Fuchibe Kohei
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis of 5‐Alkyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,4‐benzodioxins.
Authors: Martendal Adriano , Dias Rafael , Nome Faruk , Zucco Cesar
Published: November 2004

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4,5‐Dihydro‐3H‐benzo[c]azepines from 1,7‐Electrocyclization Reactions of 2‐Aza‐4,5‐benzoheptatrienyllithium Compounds.
Authors: Gerdes Klaus , Sagar Pramod , Froehlich Roland , Wibbeling Birgit , Wuerthwein Ernst‐Ulrich
Published: November 2004

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Benzodiazepine Inhibitors of the MMPs and TACE. Part 2.
Authors: Levin Jeremy I. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2004

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Formation and Utility of Oxasilacyclopentenes Derived from Functionalized Alkynes.
Authors: Clark Timothy B. , Woerpel K. A.
Published: November 2004

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Preparation of Deuterium Labelled Organophosphonium Salts (Wittig Salts) under Hydrothermal Condition Catalyzed by Molecular Sieves.
Authors: Yamamoto Mitsuru , Oshima Koichiro , Matsubara Seijiro
Published: November 2004

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Jolkinolide D Pharmacophore: Synthesis and Reaction with Biomolecules.
Authors: Sakakura Akira , Takayanagi Yui , Shimogawa Hiroki , Kigoshi Hideo
Published: November 2004

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A Simple System for Preparation of Protected Glycosidic Carbohydrate Nitriles from Corresponding Oximes.
Authors: Telvekar Vikas N. , Akamanchi Krishnacharya G.
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis, Conformation and PKC Isozyme Surrogate Binding of Indolinelactam‐Vs, New Conformationally Restricted Analogues of (‐)‐Indolactam‐V.
Authors: Nakagawa Yu , Irie Kazuhiro , Komiya Yusuke , Ohigashi Hajime , Tsuda Ken‐ichiro
Published: November 2004

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A Novel Stereoselective Synthesis of cis‐Configured Erythrinane and Erythrinane Type Analogues.
Authors: Reimann Eberhard , Ettmayr Christian
Published: November 2004

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Himbacine Analogues as Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists — Effects of Tether and Heterocyclic Variations.
Authors: Chackalamannil Samuel , Doller Dario , McQuade Robert , Ruperto Vilma
Published: November 2004

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Tripropeptin E (I), a New Tripropeptin Group Antibiotic Produced by Lysobacter sp. BMK333‐48F3
Authors: Hashizume Hideki , Hattori Seiko , Igarashi Masayuki , Akamatsu Yuzuru
Published: November 2004

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Combinatorially Linkable Metal‐Oxide Based Units: Perspectives for Nano, Supramolecular, and Solid‐State Chemistry
Authors: Kogerler P. , Muller A.
Published: November 2004

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Dibenzo[b,f]oxepines: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Olivera Kimika , SanMartin Raul , Churruca Fatima , Dominguez Esther
Published: November 2004

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Synthesis and Reactivity of Monothiooxamides and Thiohydrazides of Oxamic Acids
Authors: Krayushkin M. M. , Yarovenko V. N. , Zavarzin I. V.
Published: November 2004

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Nitroaldol Reaction
Authors: Shibasaki Masakatsu , Groeger Harald , Kanai Motomu
Published: November 2004

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Trends in the Use of Organotin Compounds in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Jousseaume Bernard , Toupance Thierry
Published: November 2004

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Phenylcyanamide Ligands
Authors: Crutchley R. J.
Published: November 2004

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Affordable Asymmetric Olefin Hydrogenation Using Monodentate Phosphoramidites
Authors: De Vries Andre H. M. , Boogers Jeroen A. F. , van den Berg Michel , Pena Diego , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Feringa Ben L. , de Vries Johannes G.
Published: November 2004

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N‐Macrocyclic Ligands
Authors: Curtis N. F.
Published: November 2004

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Electron Transfer: Iron—Sulfur Clusters
Authors: Holm R. H.
Published: November 2004

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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Eaton Sandra S. , Eaton Gareth R.
Published: November 2004

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Ionization‐Induced Proton Transfer in Model DNA Base Pairs: A Theoretical Study of the Radical Ions of the 7‐Azaindole Dimer
Authors: Chen Hsing‐Yin , Chao Ito
Published: November 2004

Proton‐transfer reactions of the radical anion and cation of the 7‐Azaindole (7AI) dimer were investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT). The calculated results for the dimer anion and cation were very similar. Three equilibrium structures, which correspond to the non‐proton‐transferred (normal), the single‐proton‐transferred (SPT) and the double‐proton‐transferred (tautomeric) forms, were found. The transition states for proton‐transfer reactions were also located. The calculations showed that the first proton‐transfer reaction (normal→SPT) is exothermic and almost barrier‐free; therefore, it should occur spontaneously in the period of a vibration. In contrast, the second proton‐transfer reaction (SPT→tautomer) was found to be far less‐probable in terms of reaction energy and barrier. Hence, it was concluded that both (7AI)2 and (7AI)2 exist in the SPT form. The conclusion was further confirmed by the calculated electron vertical detachment energy (VDE) of the SPT form of (7AI)2, 1.33 eV, which is very close to the experimental measurement of 1.35 eV. The calculated VDEs of the normal and tautomeric (7AI)2 forms were too small compared to the experimental value. The proton transfer process was found to be multidimensional in nature involving not only proton motion but also intermolecular rocking motion. In addition, IR spectra were calculated and reported. The spectra of the three structures showed very different features and, therefore, can be considered as fingerprints for future experimental identifications. The implications of these results to biology and spectroscopy are also briefly discussed.
Potentiometric Biosensors Based on ISFETs and Immobilized Cholinesterases
Authors: Dzyadevych Sergei V. , Arkhypova Valentyna N. , Martelet Claude , Jaffrezic‐Renault Nicole , Chovelon Jean‐Marc , El'skaya Anna V. , Soldatkin Alexey P.
Published: November 2004

This paper describes the authors' achievements in the development, investigation, and application of cholinesterase biosensors based on ISFETs. Various biosensors for determination of concentrations of different toxic substances (organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides, hypochlorite, glycoalkaloids) were designed on the basis of reversible and/or irreversible enzyme inhibition effects. The main analytical characteristics of the biosensors developed have been studied under different conditions and optimal experimental protocols for toxic substances determination have been proposed. Most of these biosensors show a high reproducibility and a good operational and storage stability. A quite good correlation with results obtained through routinely used standard methods as HPLC has been shown.
A New General Equation of the Polarographic Waves
Authors: Ruiz Morales Juan Carlos , Trujillo Jacinto del Castillo Juan José , Barrera Niebla Manuel , Placeres Jesús César Rodríguez
Published: November 2004

A new general equation of the polarographic waves that improves the accuracy of the analysis has been obtained. The theoretical approach has been developed for Current Sampled DC Polarography or TAST Polarography, and can be used to study reversible, irreversible and quasi‐reversible waves. In order to facilitate the use of the new equation proposed, we have developed a computer program, TOP v1.0. This version works on Windows 32 bits systems (95/98/NT/Xp).
Spatial geochemical and isotopic characteristics associated with groundwater flow in the North China Plain
Authors: Chen Jianyao , Tang Changyuan , Sakura Yasuo , Kondoh Akihiko , Yu Jingjie , Shimada Jun , Tanaka Tadashi
Published: November 2004

The North China Plain (NCP) is an important agricultural area in China and has a high population density. Serious water shortages have occurred in this region over the last 20 years. Water transfer from the Yangtze River (the east route) was initiated in the year 2002 to provide water for the major cities of the NCP. This study was carried out before the implementation of the water transfer project, focusing on the spatial integration of the groundwater flow system and geochemical characteristics, which are mainly controlled by tectonics, geomorphology, and lithology. The field survey and the geochemical analyses of the groundwater samples indicated that the groundwater in the NCP has a two‐layer structure, with a boundary at a depth of about 100–150 m. The two layers differ in pH, concentrations of SiO2 and major ions, and isotopes (18O, deuterium and tritium (T)). Chemical components in the upper layer showed a wider range and higher variability than those in the lower layer, indicating the impact of human activity. The flow direction of the groundwater in the upper layer was examined in detail in two profiles, showing that the upper layer flows east towards the Cangzhou–Daming fault, while the groundwater in the lower layer flows northeast towards Tianjin. Three hydrogeological zones are identified: recharge (Zone I), intermediate (Zone II), and discharge (Zone III). The recharge zone was found to be low in chloride (Cl−) but high in T. The discharge zone was found to be high in Cl− and low in T. This may be due to the difference in groundwater age. The discharge zone was subdivided into two sub‐zones, Zone III1 and Zone III2, by considering the effects of human activities. Zone III2 was strongly affected by water diversions from the Yellow River. As groundwater flows from the recharge zone to the intermediate and discharge zones, chemical patterns evolve in the order: Ca‐HCO3 > Mg‐HCO3 > Na‐Cl + SO4. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence of a dominant negative mutant of yeast methionine aminopeptidase type 2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Vetro Joseph A. , Dummitt Benjamin , Micka William S. , Chang Yie‐Hwa
Published: November 2004

Eukaryotic methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (MetAP2, MetAP2 gene (MAP2)), together with eukaryotic MetAP1, cotranslationally hydrolyzes initiator methionine from nascent polypeptides when the side chain of the second residue is small and uncharged. In this report, we took advantage of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) map1 null strain's reliance on MetAP2 activity for the growth and viability to provide evidence of the first dominant negative mutant of eukaryotic MetAP2. Replacement of the conserved His174 with alanine within the C‐terminal catalytic domain of yeast MetAP2 eliminated detectable catalytic activity against a peptide substrate in vitro. Overexpression of MetAP2 (H174A) under the strong GPD promoter in a yeast map1 null strain was lethal, whereas overexpression under the weaker GAL1 promoter slightly inhibited map1 null growth. Deletion mutants further revealed that the N‐terminal region of MetAP2 (residues 2–57) is essential but not sufficient for MetAP2 (H174A) to fully interfere with map1 null growth. Together, these results indicate that catalytically inactive MetAP2 is a dominant negative mutant that requires its N‐terminal region to interfere with wild‐type MetAP2 function. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
C3‐induced 3LL cell proliferation is mediated by C kinase
Authors: Longo Agostina , Gradini Roberto , Mattei Vincenzo , Morgante Emanuela , Sale Patrizio , Tafani Marco , Lipari Marcella , Pontieri Giuseppe M. , Russo Matteo A.
Published: November 2004

It has been demonstrated that the third component of complement (C3)1 and its peptides increase normal and tumour cell proliferation. However, the signal cascade responsible for this phenomenon is still unknown. In this study, we elucidate some of the mechanisms involved in the signalling of C3 stimulation of cell proliferation. We have first investigated the in and out traffic of C3 peptides, then we have identified the subcellular localisation of internalised C3 and, finally, we have explored the role of protein phosphorylation in C3 traffic and in the proliferation of the Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) cells. Our results indicate that traffic of C3 is not dependent on cytoskeletal integrity and requires protein kinase C‐dependent phosphorylation. In addition, proliferation of 3LL cells stimulated by C3 depends on both C3 internalisation and protein‐kinase C phosphorylation. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.