bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Combined Bioinformatic and Nanoparticle-Based Study Reveal the Role of ABCG2 in the Drug Resistant Breast Cancer
Authors: Huo Qin , Yuan Jianhui , Zhu Ting , Li Zhenwei , Xie Ni
Published: February 2021

Background:

ATP-Binding Cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) is a semi-transport
protein that plays a key role in human diseases, including bladder cancer and lung cancer, and
maybe resistant to chemotherapy drugs.

Objective:

The present study aimed to determine the role and underlying mechanisms of breast cancer
resistance protein (ABCG2) in breast cancer and to study the reversal effect of inhibiting
ABCG2 expression on the drug resistance of breast cancer cells and provide new ideas for gene-targeted
therapy of breast cancer.

Methods:

The structure and genomic alterations of ABCG2 were systematically investigated using
GeneCards and cBioPortal to reveal the genetic alterations (including amplification and deep deletions)
of ABCG2. We performed the correlation between ABCG2 expression and clinicopathological
parameters using the data in bc-GenExMiner 4.4. Then, the protein-protein interaction and functional
enrichment analysis of ABCG2 were performed based on the STRING, bc-GenExMiner 4.4,
and Enrichr databases. Besides, we analyzed the pathway activity of genes that interact with
ABCG2 using GSCALite and PharmGKB. Using magnetic nanoparticles polyMAG as the carrier
of ABCG2-siRNA, polyMAG-ABCG2-siRNA was transfected into the Doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant
breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR and directly into the tumors in nude mice. Patent
US20150328485 points out that magnetic nanoparticles can be attached to an anti-cancer drug,
such as an antibody-based anti-cancer drug.

Results:

We found a statistically significant correlation between ABCG2 expression and clinicopathological
parameters, such as Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and human
epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and nodal status in breast cancer patients. ABCG2 is
closely related to SLC2A9, KIT, ABCG1, and MRPS7, which suggests that these proteins may be
functional partners of breast cancer. The expression of ABCG2 is correlated with the activation or
inhibition of multiple oncogenic pathways. Moreover, we found that ABCG2 is involved in the
DOX signaling pathway. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) carried by magnetic nanoparticles
can reduce the expression of ABCG2, thereby significantly improving the therapeutic effect of
DOX on tumors.

Conclusion:

Our findings provide a more in-depth understanding of ABCG2 as a biomarker for
predicting DOX-resistance and insights into the development of related therapeutic targets in breast
cancer.
Natural Derived Nasal Spray; A Proposed Approach for COVID-19 Disease
Control
Authors: Hoseini-Tavassol Zahra , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Soroush Ahmad-Reza , Sajjadpour Zahra , Hasani-Ranjbar Shirin , Larijani Bagher
Published: February 2021

Considering the importance of COVID-19 disease pandemic, emerged by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in line with other studies to find appropriate prevention or treatment methods for this virus infection, proposing the use of natural derived ingredients as an approach for COVID-19 disease control was our study objective. Here we reviewed previous studies on natural derived nasal sprays and found that some known natural derived ingredients have antiviral properties, so their topical use as a nasal spray is effective in reducing the symptoms of respiratory infections, and it also has potential of decreasing viral load including titer of coronaviruses, in the nasal cavity. It seems that use of carrageenan or other herbal ingredients nasal spray may block the SARS-CoV-2 virus entering to the lung cells of a contaminated person and also can prevent virus transmission to other susceptible persons. Further, noticing what we know about novel 2019 coronavirus so far, we suggested carrageenan that has an unspecific physical antiviral activity and some other natural derived ingredients as a choice in coping with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection.
Improved Detection Performance of Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Sudhamani Chilakala , Saxena Ashutosh , Aswini Vunnava
Published: February 2021

Background:

In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sensing plays an important role in identifying the underutilized
spectrum bands. Conventional spectrum sensing using energy detection method uses single detection threshold, which
degrades the detection performance.

Method:

Therefore double detection threshold has been proposed for spectrum sensing in the literature to improve the
detection performance, but the performance depends on the region between two thresholds termed as confusion state. Hence
to improve the overall detection performance new re-sensing scheme has been proposed in this paper by varying the difference
between thresholds by an improvement factor K.

Results:

The proposed method improves the detection performance compared to the single threshold method and double
threshold method.

Conclusion:

Simulation results show that the proposed method operates better than the single threshold energy detection
method and improves the detection performance at low signal to noise ratios.
The Antimalarial Drug Pyronaridine Inhibits Topoisomerase II in Breast Cancer Cells and Hinders Tumor Progression In Vivo
Authors: Villanueva Paulina J. , Gutierrez Denisse A , Contreras Lisett , Parra Karla , Segura-Cabrera Aldo , Varela-Ramirez Armando , Aguilera Renato J
Published: February 2021

Background:

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide.
Pyronaridine (PND), an antimalarial drug, was shown to exert anticancer activity on seventeen
different human cancer cells, seven from female breast tissue. Additionally, PND induced
apoptosis via mitochondrial depolarization, alteration of cell cycle progression, and DNA intercalation.
However, the molecular target of PND in cells was not elucidated.

Objective:

Here, we have further investigated PND's mode of action by using transcriptome analysis.
Preclinical studies were also performed to determine whether PND could affect tumor progression
in a human breast cancer xenograft in mice. Moreover, we assessed the combined efficacy of
PND with well-known anticancer drugs.

Methods:

Transcriptome analyses of PND-treated cancer cells were performed. Topoisomerase II
activity was evaluated by an in vitro assay. In addition, daily oral administration of PND was given
to mice with human breast cancer xenografts. The differential nuclear staining assay measured in-
-vitro cell toxicity.

Results:

The transcriptome signatures suggested that PND might act as a topoisomerase II inhibitor.
Thus, topoisomerase inhibition assays were performed, providing evidence that PND is a bona
fide topoisomerase II inhibitor. Also, in-vivo studies suggest that PND hinders tumor progression.
Besides, combination studies of PND with anticancer drugs cisplatin and gemcitabine revealed
higher cytotoxicity against cancer cells than individual drug administration.

Conclusion:

The findings provide evidence that PND is a topoisomerase II inhibitor and can hinder
cancer progression in an animal model, further demonstrating PND's favorable characteristics
as a repurposed anticancer drug.
A Representação da Informação nas Plataformas Digitais dos Serviços de Arquivo: alguns resultados
Authors: Ventura Maria Isabel de Almeida , Silva Armando Malheiro da
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the mediation strategies adopted in the representation of information in digital platforms, used in the Archive services, and especially if they are focused on the end user. So, we started by addressing the organization and representation of information in the context of information mediation, equating how the infocomunicacional phenomenon, which occurs through digital platforms, can result in the design of a "digital mediation of information," according to the current paradigm of Information Science. The mediation skills required of information professionals and the technological and digital user’s skills in information literacy were highlighted. Then, we tried to know the current state of use of digital platforms for Archives services, and software in use, in Portugal and other countries.
Do físico ao digital: o acervo histórico do legislativo Bragantino
Authors: Alarcon Letícia Martins , Frias Carmen Lucia Ferreira , Brandi Letícia Souza Netto , Silva Sérgio Francisco da
Published: February 2021

The advancement of the digital world and the implementation of document management policies allowed the expansion of the democratization of access to information, especially those of a public scope. Historical collections, books and documents that until then could only be consulted in person can now be accessed through digital libraries on the internet. Therefore, this article aims to present the development of the website of the Digital Collection of the city of Bragança Paulista.
Gestão da Informação: desafios e competências para preservação digital
Authors: Fermann Angélica Cintra , Lima Assahi Pereira , Chardulo Suzana Mayumi Iha
Published: February 2021

The objective of this paper is to make an analysis and reflection about the Information Management (IM), digital preservation and the skills of the information professional, especially, the Librarian. This research is from qualitative nature and exploratory character, with the purpose of providing to researchers a better familiarity with the problem pointed in this study and build reflections based on an expanded knowledge about the imposed challenge by the information management and by the scope of the digital preservation, pursuing evidences of the studied subjects. The paper, initially, addresses the concept of the Information Management (IM), the challenges of Big Data and the information cycle. Secondly, explicit and analyzes politics, proceedings, and strategies of preservation of digital documents. Further, explicit that beyond a so challenging scenario, where the information object dialogs preferentially with the Digital Technologies,the chosen of the professional with the desire skill and abilities becomes a strategy for the success of the adopted model. When realized the need of the integration of multiples knowledge, developing a set of skills, the librarian, professional chosen as the studied object, must be prepared to answer the market of digital preservation. On this stage of the research there are no findings yet that could trace a safe conclusion. However, the question is evident - educate information professionals with the capacity to face the challenges of a digital economy is an attitude to be consider for the universities that intend to engage in the digital transformation.
Maria Ondina Braga: autobiografia, life-writing e relação
Authors: Mateus Isabel Cristina
Published: February 2021

Travel, life and writing mix themselves when one speaks about Maria Ondina Braga, a Portuguese writer who has travelled the four continents as a tourist, traveler and emigrant. In several interviews, Maria Ondina Braga has declared “I write because this world that I lived in has revolutionized my soul so much that I had to tell it” and the title of her first book is, unsurprisingly, I came to see the land. This article aims to explore the writer’s encounter with the strangeness of the world, with the different landscapes and cultures and the diversity of people who inhabit it, but also the writer’s encounter with her own intimate landscape, in permanent change with travelling. From autobiography to life-writing, travel as an intimate experience of the world and encounter with identity and otherness are the condition of this writing.
N-образные вольт-амперные характеристики гибридных органических материалов на основе цинковых комплексов
Authors: Гусев А.Н. , Мазинов А.С. , Гурченко В.С. , Тютюник А.С. , Брага Е.В.
Published: February 2021

The current-voltage characteristics of hybrid organic materials C48H42N6O2Zn and C54H54N6O2Zn are researched. The method of obtaining, microscopy, as well as the results of infrared spectroscopy and studies of the electrical properties of the obtained thin films of these organic materials based on zinc complexes. The results of calculating the optical band gap are presented. It was found that the resulting thin-film structures have N-shaped current-voltage characteristics.
Равновесные параметры бислойного графена, заполненного молекулами фуллерена С-=SUB=-60-=/SUB=-
Authors: Рехвиашвили С.Ш. , Бухурова М.М.
Published: February 2021

In this work, thickness and cohesive specific energy are calculated for two-layer graphene with close-packed C60 in a sandwich structure. The results obtained (1.32 nm and 0.358 J/m^2) showed good agreement with the known, previously obtained experimental data for hybrid carbon nanostructures and graphite.
Social Representations of e-Mental Health Among the Actors of the Health Care System: Free-Association Study
Authors: Morgiève Margot , Mesdjian Pierre , Las Vergnas Olivier , Bury Patrick , Demassiet Vincent , Roelandt Jean-Luc , Sebbane Déborah
Published: February 2021

Background

Electronic mental (e-mental) health offers an opportunity to overcome many challenges such as cost, accessibility, and the stigma associated with mental health, and most people with lived experiences of mental problems are in favor of using applications and websites to manage their mental health problems. However, the use of these new technologies remains weak in the area of mental health and psychiatry.

Objective

This study aimed to characterize the social representations associated with e-mental health by all actors to implement new technologies in the best possible way in the health system.

Methods

A free-association task method was used. The data were subjected to a lexicometric analysis to qualify and quantify words by analyzing their statistical distribution, using the ALCESTE method with the IRaMuTeQ software.

Results

In order of frequency, the terms most frequently used to describe e-mental health in the whole corpus are: “care” (n=21), “internet” (n=21), “computing” (n=15), “health” (n=14), “information” (n=13), “patient” (n=12), and “tool” (n=12). The corpus of text is divided into 2 themes, with technological and computing terms on one side and medical and public health terms on the other. The largest family is focused on “care,” “advances,” “research,” “life,” “quality,” and “well-being,” which was significantly associated with users. The nursing group used very medical terms such as “treatment,” “diagnosis,” “psychiatry”,” and “patient” to define e-mental health.

Conclusions

This study shows that there is a gap between the representations of users on e-mental health as a tool for improving their quality of life and those of health professionals (except nurses) that are more focused on the technological potential of these digital care tools. Developers, designers, clinicians, and users must be aware of the social representation of e-mental health conditions uses and intention of use. This understanding of everyone’s stakes will make it possible to redirect the development of tools to adapt them as much as possible to the needs and expectations of the actors of the mental health system.
Mobile Remote Monitoring of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Patients During the COVID-19 Shelter-In-Place Order: Quality Improvement Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Krishnamurti Tamar , Davis Alexander L , Quinn Beth , Castillo Anabel F , Martin Kelly L , Simhan Hyagriv N
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the leading causes of pregnancy-related death. Prenatal health care providers can offer critical screening and support to pregnant people who experience IPV. During the COVID-19 shelter-in-place order, mobile apps may offer such people the opportunity to continue receiving screening and support services.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to examine cases of IPV that were reported on a prenatal care app before and during the implementation of COVID-19 shelter-in-place mandates.

METHODS

The number of patients who underwent voluntary IPV screening and the incidence rate of IPV were determined by using a prenatal care app that was disseminated to patients from a single, large health care system. We compared the IPV screening frequencies and IPV incidence rates of patients who started using the app before the COVID-19 shelter-in-place order, to those of patients who started using the app during the shelter-in-place order.

RESULTS

We found 552 patients who started using the app within 60 days prior to the enforcement of the shelter-in-place order, and 407 patients who used the app at the start of shelter-in-place enforcement until the order was lifted. The incidence rates of voluntary IPV screening for new app users during the two time periods were similar (before sheltering in place: 252/552, 46%; during sheltering in place: 163/407, 40%). The overall use of the IPV screening tool increased during the shelter-in-place order. A slight, nonsignificant increase in the incidence of physical, sexual, and psychological violence during the shelter-in-place order was found across all app users (P=.56). Notably, none of the patients who screened positively for IPV had mentions of IPV in their medical charts.

CONCLUSIONS

App-based screening for IPV is feasible during times when in-person access to health care providers is limited. Our results suggest that the incidence of IPV slightly increased during the shelter-in-place order. App-based screening may also address the needs of those who are unwilling or unable to share their IPV experiences with their health care provider.
Mobile Apps for Older Adults: Systematic Search and Evaluation Within Online Stores (Preprint)
Authors: Portenhauser Alexandra A , Terhorst Yannik , Schultchen Dana , Sander Lasse B , Denkinger Michael D , Stach Michael , Waldherr Natalie , Dallmeier Dhayana , Baumeister Harald , Messner Eva-Maria
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Through the increasingly aging population, the health care system is confronted with various challenges such as expanding health care costs. To manage these challenges, mobile apps may represent a cost-effective and low-threshold approach to support older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the quality, characteristics, as well as privacy and security measures of mobile apps for older adults in the European commercial app stores.

METHODS

In the European Google Play and App Store, a web crawler systematically searched for mobile apps for older adults. The identified mobile apps were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the German version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. A correlation between the user star rating and overall rating was calculated. An exploratory regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the obligation to pay fees predicted overall quality.

RESULTS

In total, 83 of 1217 identified mobile apps were included in the analysis. Generally, the mobile apps for older adults were of moderate quality (mean 3.22 [SD 0.68]). Four mobile apps (5%) were evidence-based; 49% (41/83) had no security measures. The user star rating correlated significantly positively with the overall rating (r=.30, P=.01). Obligation to pay fees could not predict overall quality.

CONCLUSIONS

There is an extensive quality range within mobile apps for older adults, indicating deficits in terms of information quality, data protection, and security precautions, as well as a lack of evidence-based approaches. Central databases are needed to identify high-quality mobile apps.
Conversational Agent for Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Change: Web-Based Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dhinagaran Dhakshenya Ardhithy , Sathish Thirunavukkarasu , Soong AiJia , Theng Yin-Leng , Best James , Tudor Car Lorainne
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The rising incidence of chronic diseases is a growing concern, especially in Singapore, which is one of the high-income countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes. Interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes have been proven to be effective in reducing the progression of prediabetes to diabetes, but their in-person delivery may not be feasible on a large scale. Novel technologies such as conversational agents are a potential alternative for delivering behavioral interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes to the public.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using a conversational agent promoting healthy lifestyle behavior changes in the general population in Singapore.

METHODS

We performed a web-based, single-arm feasibility study. The participants were recruited through Facebook over 4 weeks. The Facebook Messenger conversational agent was used to deliver the intervention. The conversations focused on diet, exercise, sleep, and stress and aimed to promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes and improve the participants’ knowledge of diabetes. Messages were sent to the participants four times a week (once for each of the 4 topics of focus) for 4 weeks. We assessed the feasibility of recruitment, defined as at least 75% (150/200) of our target sample of 200 participants in 4 weeks, as well as retention, defined as 33% (66/200) of the recruited sample completing the study. We also assessed the participants’ satisfaction with, and usability of, the conversational agent. In addition, we performed baseline and follow-up assessments of quality of life, diabetes knowledge and risk perception, diet, exercise, sleep, and stress.

RESULTS

We recruited 37.5% (75/200) of the target sample size in 1 month. Of the 75 eligible participants, 60 (80%) provided digital informed consent and completed baseline assessments. Of these 60 participants, 56 (93%) followed the study through till completion. Retention was high at 93% (56/60), along with engagement, denoted by 50% (30/60) of the participants communicating with the conversational agent at each interaction. Acceptability, usability, and satisfaction were generally high. Preliminary efficacy of the intervention showed no definitive improvements in health-related behavior.

CONCLUSIONS

The delivery of a conversational agent for healthy lifestyle behavior change through Facebook Messenger was feasible and acceptable. We were unable to recruit our planned sample solely using the free options in Facebook. However, participant retention and conversational agent engagement rates were high. Our findings provide important insights to inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial.
Content, Behavior Change Techniques, and Quality of Pregnancy Apps in Spain: Systematic Search on App Stores (Preprint)
Authors: Muñoz-Mancisidor Aranzazu , Martin-Payo Ruben , Gonzalez-Mendez Xana , Fernández-Álvarez María Del Mar
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Women consult information in mobile apps (apps) during pregnancy, and even obstetrics specialists highlight that pregnancy is the ideal moment for the use of apps as consultation sources. However, the high number of apps designed for pregnancy requires a careful assessment to determine their suitability before recommendation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to identify the apps available in Spanish that can be recommended based on their content, behavior change techniques (BCTs), and quality as a complementary tool during pregnancy.

METHODS

A systematic search on app stores to identify apps was performed in the Apple App Store and Google Play with the subject term “pregnancy.” The apps meeting the following criteria were chosen: pregnancy-related content, free, and available in Spanish. An app was excluded if it was classified as a game or entertainment and thus lacking an educational or health aim and if it did not target the population under study. The selected apps were downloaded, and their quality was assessed using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS), with the BCTs included evaluated using the BCT taxonomy version 1 and its content.

RESULTS

A total of 457 apps were identified, 25 of which were downloaded for assessment (5.6%). The median for objective and subjective quality was 2.94 (IQR 2.71-3.46) and 1.75 (IQR 1.25-2.25), respectively. Regarding content, the median of topics included in the apps was 23 (IQR 16-23), with weight gain, nutrition, fetal development, and physical activity being the most common. The median number of BCTs was 12 (IQR 0.5-3.5). The most frequently identified BCTs in the apps were “Self-Monitoring of Outcomes,” followed by “Goal Behavior” and “Instructions.” Statistically significant correlations were observed between objective quality and content (ρ=0.624; P=.001), subjective quality and content (ρ=0.638; P=.001), objective quality and BCTs (ρ=0.672; P<.001), subjective quality and BCTs (ρ=0.623; P<.001), and BCTs and content (ρ=0.580; P=.002).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that only a small percentage of free pregnancy apps available in Spanish should be recommended. The apps with the best MARS scores were those that addressed a higher number of topics and included a higher number of BCTs. Those with the best content and quality, and a higher number of BCTs included could be recommended by health professionals.
Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Social Determinants on the Portuguese Population: Protocol for a Web-Based Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Aguiar A , Pinto M , Duarte R
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak and consequent physical distance measures implemented worldwide have caused significant stress, anxiety, and mental health implications among the general population. Unemployment, working from home, and day-to-day changes may lead to a greater risk of poor mental health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes the protocol for a web-based cross-sectional study that aims to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health.

METHODS

Individuals from the general population aged 18 years or more and living in Portugal were included in this study. Data collection took place between November 10, 2020, and February 10, 2021. An exponential, nondiscriminative, snowball sampling method was applied to recruit participants. A web-based survey was developed and shared on social media platforms (eg, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and WhatsApp groups) and through e-mail lists for recruitment of the seeds.

RESULTS

Data analysis will be performed in accordance with the different variables and outcomes of interest by using quantitative methods, qualitative methods, or mixed methods, as applicable. A total of 929 individuals had completed the web-based survey during the 3-month period; thus, our final sample comprised 929 participants. Results of the survey will be disseminated in national and international scientific journals in 2021-2022.

CONCLUSIONS

We believe that the findings of this study will have broad implications for understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Portuguese residents, as well as aspects related to the informal economy. We also hope that the findings of this study are able to provide insights and guidelines for the Portuguese government to implement action. Finally, we expect this protocol to provide a roadmap for other countries and researchers that would like to implement a similar questionnaire considering the related conclusions.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/28071
Capaian standar pelayanan minimal gizi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Manokwari Papua Barat
Authors: Mardianingsih Nurhasanah , Utami Fasty Arum , Palupi Ika Ratna
Published: February 2021

Achievement of the nutrition minimum service standard at Manokwari District Hospital in West PapuaBackground: There are three indicators of nutrition services that are regulated in the hospital Minimum Service Standards (MSS), namely the timeliness of food distribution, patient's plate waste, and the accuracy of the patient’s diet. The achievement of minimum service standards as the indicator of quality for nutrition services at Manokwari District Hospital has not yet been known.Objective: To find out the implementation of minimum service standards for nutrition services,i.e. the promptness of food distribution, the proportion of plate waste, and accuracy of the patient’s diet at Manokwari District Hospital. Methods: This was a mixed-method study conducted at Manokwari District Hospital, West Papua, from January until March of 2018. A quantitative approach with patient samples was carried out to quantify the achievement of MSS for nutrition service. Punctuality of food distribution and accuracy of the diet was measured using observational sheets while the patient’s plate waste was determined using food weighing. A qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with patients, nutritionists, cooks, food service workers, and nurses was performed to explore the influencing factors. Results: The percentage of timeliness of patient food distribution was only 37.1%, the waste of patients’ food reached 34.5% and the accuracy of the patient's diet was only 83.87%. These were affected by poor human resource management, inadequate hospital facilities, and foods brought from outside of the hospital. Conclusions: Promptness of patient’s food distribution, plate waste and diet accuracy in Manokwari District Hospital has not reached the minimum service standard for nutrition service.
Lingkar lengan atas, indeks massa tubuh, dan tinggi fundus ibu hamil sebagai prediktor berat badan lahir
Authors: Kurdanti Weni , Khasana Tri Mei , Wayansari Lastmi
Published: February 2021

Upper arm circumference, body mass index, and fundal height of pregnant women to estimate birth weightBackground: Accuracy of estimated infant’s birth weight is one of the most important measurements at the beginning of labor. Some anthropometric measures of pregnant women are upper arm circumference (MUAC) as a screening tool for chronic energy deficiency, body mass index (BMI) for assessment of chronic energy deficiency status, and indicators of fundal height to estimate birth weight. However, many studies with varying results are related to the accuracy of estimated birth weight.Objective: The study aimed to compare the capacity of MUAC, BMI, and fundal height indicators in predicting birth weight.Methods: The type of research is a cross-sectional study carried out at the Sadewa Maternal and Child Hospital in Yogyakarta in June-August 2018 with a 376 sample. The independent variables were MUAC, BMI, and fundal height, and the dependent variable is birth weight. Bivariate analysis using Pearson correlation and AUC and ROC curve tests.Results: There is a relationship between BMI and the fundal height of pregnant women with birth weight. The AUC BMI value (AUC=0.519) was found to be the highest compared to the MUAC (AUC=0.496) and fundal height (AUC=0.466) measurements.Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy BMI had a better capacity for predicting birth weight than MUAC and fundal height.
Source of energy intake of Papuan and non-Papuan high-school students in Jayapura: their association with risk for overweight/ obesity
Authors: Rahayu Endah Sri , Kandarina Bernadette Josephine Istiti , Julia Madarina
Published: February 2021

Background: The worldwide prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many factors, including the consumption pattern of energy-producing food, i.e. carbohydrate and fat, which is, most likely associated with ethnicity. In Riskesdas 2007, Jayapura held the highest prevalence of obesity in adults in Indonesia. Jayapura lived the Papuan and Non-Papuan descents population. Objective: To determine the association between energy intake, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake in overweight/ obesity in Papuan and non-Papuan high-school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 150 Papuan and 150 non-Papuan students from three high schools in the district. Body mass index (BMI) derived from the measurement of body weight and height were grouped into overweight/obesity and not-overweight/ obesity. Source of energy was estimated using 3 (three) days non-consecutive 24 hours of food recall questionnaire. Energy intake and the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake were analyzed with an independent t-test and Chi-Square test. Results: The prevalence of overweight/ obesity was similar between Papuan and non-Papuan students (22.0 vs. 23.0%). The two groups had a similar amount of energy intake, however, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to the total energy intake was significantly different. Obese/ overweight students had a significantly higher intake of energy, however, within the same ethnic group, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat in obese/ overweight students did not significantly differ. Conclusions: High energy intake was associated with overweight/obesity in both groups. The contribution of carbohydrates to total energy intake was higher in Papuan. However, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake was not associated with overweight/ obesity in both groups.
Aplikasi Metode Aktivasi Fisika dan Aktivasi Kimia pada Pembuatan Arang Aktif dari Tempurung Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L)
Authors: Aryani Farida
Published: February 2021

Kebutuhan arang aktif di Indonesia semakin meningkat, seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi dan industri  di tanah air. Kebutuhan yang meningkat ini harus didukung pula oleh peneliti dan pengusaha yang berkecimpung dibidang arang aktif agar dapat memproduksi arang aktif yang bermutu baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitasnya. Dalam rangka mengembangkan metode pembuatan arang aktif dilaboratorium maka dilakukan penelitian pembuatan arang aktif dengan menggunakan dua metode aktivasi  yaitu metode aktivaasi fisika dan metode aktivasi kimia.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui evektivitas dari metode aktivasi fisika dan kimia pada pembuatan arang aktif tempurung kelapa.  Aktivasi fisika dilakukan dengan pembakaran pada suhu 500° C selama 4 jam, sedang aktivasi kimia dilakukan dengan melakukan perendaman menggunakan larutan NaOH 0,2 N selama 18 jam.  Pengujian kualitas mengacu pada SNI 06-3730-1995 tentang syarat mutu dan pengujian arang aktif.  Hasil Analisis arang aktif metode aktifasi fisika diperoleh rendemen sebesar 86.7%, kadar abu 8,46%, kadar air 6,0%, kadar zat mudah menguap 37,12%, dan daya serap iodium sebesar 555,32mg/g. Metode aktifasi kimia menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 63,7%, kadar abu 0,75%, kadar air 3,6%, kadar zat mudah menguap 35,06%, dan daya serap iodium sebesar 317,25mg/g.
Kalibrasi Spektrofotometer Sebagai Penjaminan Mutu Hasil Pengukuran dalam Kegiatan Penelitian dan Pengujian
Authors: Irawan Anom
Published: February 2021

Kalibrasi menentukan perbedaan (deviasi) antara pembacaan alat ukur dengan bahan ukur (sebagai standar) dengan (taksiran) nilai benar. Tujuan kalibrasi spektrofotometer adalah untuk mengetahui nilai perbedaan dari pembacaan alat dengan membandingkan nilai standar, sehingga dapat menjamin data yang benar dan valid.            Bahan standar/kalibrator untuk mengkalibrasi Spektrofotometer meliputi, akurasi panjang gelombang dengan Holmium oxide (liquid atau solid) dan Dydimium solid. Sedang untuk akurasi fotometri dengan bahan acuan K2Cr2O7 0,006% dalam larutan HClO4 0,001N (range lamda 235 nm-350 nm) dan K2Cr2O7 0,06% dalam larutan HClO4 0,001N (lamda 430 nm). Straylight dengan larutan KCl 1,2%.  Daya pisah/ Resulotion menggunakan larutan Toluen dalam Heksan 0,02%. Linieritas Detektor menggunakan larutan komlpeks standar Phospat untuk dibuat kurva baku.            Hasil kegiatan kalibrasi Spektrophotometer  Shimadzu UV 1800 yaitu Akurasi panjang gelombang dengan Holmium oxide pada lamda yang ditentukan tidak terjadi pergeseran puncak dengan toleransi ±1 nm rentang UV dan ±3 nm visible (Pharmacopeia Eropa). Akurasi Fotometri dengan larutan K2Cr2O7 0,006% dalam HClO4 0,001 N nilai absorbansi masih dalam range. Toleransi absorbansi adalah ±0,01 dari pembacaan alat terhadap nilai sertifikat standar. Pengukuran Straylight dengan Larutan KCl 1,2%  pada lamda 198 nm memberikan nilai absorbansi >2. Pengukuran Resolution dengan larutan Tolluen dalam Hexan antara panjang gelombang 268,7 nm dengan 267,0 nm memberikan nilai absorbansi yang berbeda. Nilai perbedaan >- 1,5 (Pharmacopeia Eropa). Kalibrasi Spektrofotometer  Shimadzu UV 1800 di LPPT UGM, nilai pengukuran yang di dapat dan di bandingkan dengan nilai standar masih masuk dalam toleransi, sehingga alat masih valid digunakan dalam kegiatan penelitian dan pengujian sampel di LPPT UGM.
Air Limbah Air Conditioner (AC) Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Pelarut Akuades pada Proses Analisis Total Asam pada Salak Pondoh (Salaca edulis)
Authors: Sumarwanto Padya , Hartati Yuni , Irfan Mukhamad
Published: February 2021

Kondensasi atau pengembunan dari Air Conditioner (AC) kantor atau laboratorium berupa air, biasanya ditampung ke dalam wadah jerigen atau bahkan dibiarkan menetes di tempat terbuka. Laboratorium Pangan dan Gizi Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian selalu menggunakan AC, sehingga air AC yang terkondensasi di tampung dalam jerigen ternyata air yang dihasilkan cukup banyak untuk setiap harinya. Air ini cukup jernih mirip dengan akuades, sehingga kemungkinan bisa digunakan sebagai pelarut ataupun pengencer dalam analisis total asam pada salak pondoh (Salacca edulis)Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memanfaatkan air AC sebagai pengganti air akuades dalam proses analisis total asam  dengan metode titrasi. Adapun parameter yang diukur meliputi : Total asam, pH, dan berat jenis terhadap air kondensasi AC dengan akuades.Sebagai pembanding digunakan akuades. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang diperoleh,berat jenis air AC sebesar 1.006 + 0.001 sedangkan akuades sebesar 1.0152  + 0.0001  kg. m3. Keasaman air AC senbesar 6.28 +  0.01. Sedangkan akuades sebesar 6,8267 + 0.02. Hasil analisis total asam (dihitung sebagai asam tanat) pada salak pondoh (Salacca edulis) dengan pelarut AC sebesar 6,8182 % + 0.02  . Sedangkan dengan pelarut akuades sebesar  6,8237 + 0.007. Dari hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa menggunakan air AC sebagai pelarut bisa digunakan untuk analisis total asam.
OPTIMASI METODE TRANFORMASI GEN SUCROSE PHOSPHAT SYNTHASE (SPS) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum) DENGAN BANTUAN Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: Okviandari Purnama
Published: February 2021

Metode transformasi gen adalah cara mentranfer gen ke tanaman dengan tujuan tertentu yang dapat dilakukan secara alami dan buatan, dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara alami dengan bantuan Agrobacterium tumefaciens.  Didalam proses transformasi banyak faktor teknis yang mendukung keberhasilan tertransfernya gen. Oleh karena itu pada peneltian  Optimasi Metode Transformasi gen Sucrose  Phosphat  Synthase (SPS) pada Tanaman Tomat  (Lycopersicon esculentum) dengan bantuan Agrobacterium tumefaciens ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan faktor-faktor yang mendukung transformasi gen secara alami dengan menggunakan  Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 yang mengandung konstrak gen SPS1 dari tanaman tebu, dikendalikan oleh promotor CaMV35S dan gen NPT II sebagai marker ketahanan terhadap kanamisin. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan optimalisasi  penggunaan metode penelitian mulai penggunaan eksplan kotiledon, proses transformasi, kokultivasi,regenerasi, seleksi tanaman potatif transforman, aklimatisasi dan analisa DNA genom dengan harapan mendapatkan tanaman  putatif  transforman dengan persentase tinggi.  Metode transformasi gen yang diperoleh akan mendukung  kegiatan penelitian  transformasi gen di UPT Laboratorium Terpabu dan Sentra Inovasi Universitas Jember dan di laboratorium lain yang memerlukannya.
LANGKAH-LANGKAH OPTIMASI PCR
Authors: Yuenleni Yuenleni
Published: February 2021

Salah satu teknik analisa genetika adalah PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Sebelum dilakukan PCR dengan sampel penelitian, perlu dilakukan optimasi agar didapatkan komposisi dan kondisi PCR yang sesuai sehingga mendapatkan hasil PCR yang optimal. Seorang Pranata Laboratorium Pendidikan (PLP) ataupun teknisi laboratorium dalam mendampingi peneliti atau mengerjakan penelitian dengan PCR seharusnya mengetahui langkah-langkah yang dilakukan jika sampel dan reagen sudah siap.Tulisan ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran kepada PLP-teknisi laboratorium ataupun peneliti baru yang akan mengerjakan penelitian dengan PCR.Optimasi PCR bisa dilakukan dengan variasi komposisi PCR ataupun variasi tahapan PCR. Pada tulisan ini langkah-langkah  PCR dijelaskan dengan contoh optimasi gena TCF7L2 (Transcription Factor 7-Like 2) dengan ukuran produk PCR 113 bp, optimasi ini dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi primer dan variasi tahapan PCR yaitu suhu annealing.Penelitian ini dimulai dengan  mengencerkan primer menjadi 100 uMol, kemudian membuat variasi konsentrasi primer yaitu 2,5 uMol, 5 uMol, dan 10 uMol.  Suhu annealing (Ta) dihitung dari rata-rata suhu Melting (Tm ) primer Forward dan Primer Reverse dikurangi 5, kemudian melakukan PCR dengan variasi primer dan variasi suhu annealing yaitu 47 ̊C, 49 ̊C, 51 ̊C, dan 53 ̊C. Produk PCR di elektroforesis dan didokumentasikan hasilnya dengan Gel document dan  gambar hasil elektroforesis dibandingkan secara visual.Produk PCR pada masing-masing konsentrasi primer dan masing-masing suhu annealing didapatkan band yang tebal, terang dan sesuai ukuran (target) dan konsentrasi primer yang menghasilkan band yang optimal adalah 2,5 uMol, dan Suhu annealing yang yang optimal adalah 53 ̊C.
Evaluasi Uji Banding Antar Laboratorium untuk Mengukur Kompetensi Personil
Authors: Harjito Harjito
Published: February 2021

Telah dilakukan kegiatan uji banding antar laboratorium dengan parameter kimia terbatas yaitu Besi (Fe). Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan dan memonitor kesinambungan unjuk kerja laboratorium dalam pengujian tertentu dan mengetahui kompetensi personil dari laboratorium penguji peserta. Cara pengolahan data uji banding dalam menguji Besi menggunakan z-score. Sampel air yang diujikan sebanyak 500 mL yang dikemas dalam botol plastik tertutup rapat. Pengujian parameter Besi secara spektrofotometrik dilakukan serentak di 14 (empat belas) laboratorium penguji, Hasil perhitungan nilai z-score data hasil pengukuran konsentrasi Besi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua laboratorium penguji yang berada dalam kategori kurang memuaskan, yaitu laboratorium dengan kode LUB-1 dengan nilai Z-Score 4.14 dan LUB-5 nilai z-score -3.32; dua laboratorium diragukan kode LUB 4 dengan nilai Z-Score 2.17 dan LUB-15 dengan nilai z-score; sedangkan 10 (sepuluh) laboratorium penguji lainnya termasuk dalam kategori kompeten termasuk Laboratorium Hidrologi dan Klimatologi Lingkungan Fakultas Geografi UGM,sehingga kemampuan personil dalam melakukan pengujian tidak diragukan.
Aplikasi Dimmer Switch pada Rak Kultur Sebagai Pengatur Kebutuhan Intesitas Cahaya Optimum Bagi TanamanIn Vitro
Authors: Yuniardi Fifit
Published: February 2021

Kultur jaringan tanaman adalah salah satu cara menumbuhkan organ tanaman dalam suatu wadah/botol yang berisi media dalam keadaan steril. Tujuannya untuk mendapatkan tanaman dalam jumlah besar dalam waktu yang singkat. Faktor-faktor lingkungan yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan dalam proses pertumbuhan dalam kultur in vitro, antara lain adalah cahaya.  Kualitas, intensitas, dan lamanya radiasi yang mengenai tumbuhan mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap berbagai proses fisiologi tumbuhan.Untuk mendapatkan hasil pertumbuhan yang optimal metode cahaya sangat dibutuhkann, namun yang perlu diperhatikan adalah kebutuhan cahaya dalam proses kultur Jaringan berbeda-beda dimana dalam proses inisiasi pembelahan sel pada eksplan dan pertumbuhan jaringan kalus terkadang mengalami hambatan dengan adanya cahaya sedangkan dalam pertumbuhan pemanjangan bagian tanaman dan pengakaran kebutuhan cahaya lebih meningkat.  Intensitas cahaya yang optimum untuk tanaman pada tahap kultur inisiasi 1-1.000 lux, tahap multiplikasi 1.000-10.000 lux, tahap pengakaran 10.000 – 30.000 lux dan tahap aklimatisasi sebesar 30.000 lux.  Adanya aplikasi pada rak kultur diharapkan dapat mengatur cahaya sesuai kebutuhan tanaman dalam kegiatan kultur in vitro.
Electromechanical Transmission
Authors: Khadeev R. G.
Published: February 2021

The article is to propose an entirely new transmission scheme. At a common practice that transmission parameters in a car change the gear ratio and the torque by five or six times. Taking into account the engine speed change, the actual gear ratio change is by more than twenty times. The torque cannot change within these limits. On the contrary, when the engine rpm speed differs from the optimum one, the torque decreases. Losses at gear ratio alteration, especially at low gears, can reach ten percent of the power. These torque and ratio control parameters can be achieved by applying the transmission scheme described in this article. Her work is also documented in a patent RU2726378 (2020) and application PCT/RU2020/000322. The operation of a transmission of this design is an improved version of the transmission described in Khadeev (2017).
End-of-life cost for lung cancer patients in Greece: a hospital-based retrospective study
Authors: Kokkotou Eleni , Stefanou Garyfallia , Syrigos Nikolaos , Gourzoulidis George , Ntalakou Eleutheria , Apostolopoulou Anna , Charpidou Andriani , Kourlaba Georgia
Published: February 2021

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to estimate the cost of treating patients with lung cancer at their end-of-life (EOL) phase of care in Greece.
Materials & methods:
A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in the Oncology Unit of ‘Sotiria’ Hospital, in Athens, Greece. All lung cancer patients who died between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018 with at least 6 months follow-up were enrolled in the study. Healthcare resource utilization data, including inpatient and outpatient ones, during the last 6 months before death was extracted from a registry kept in the unit. This data were combined with the corresponding local unit costs to calculate the 6, 3 and 1-month EOL cost in €2019 values.
Results:
A total of 122 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean (standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 67.8 (8.9) years with 78.7% of patients being male and 55.0% diagnosed at stage IV. About 52.5% of patients had been diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, 28.7% with squamous non-small-cell lung cancer types and 18.9% with small-cell-lung cancer. The median overall survival of these patients was 10.8 months. During the EOL periods, the mean cost/patient in the last 6, 3 and 1 month were €7665, €3351 and €1009, respectively. Pharmaceutical cost was the key driver of the total cost (75% of the total 6-month) followed by radiation therapy (16.2%). The median EOL 6-month cost was marginally statistically significantly higher among patients with adenocarcinoma (€9031) compared with squamous (€6606) and to small-cell-lung cancer (€5474).
Conclusion:
The findings of the present study indicate that lung cancer treatment incurs high costs in Greece, mainly attributed to pharmaceutical expenses, even at the EOL phase.