bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de los estados financieros según la NIC 1 en la empresa Backus y Johnston S.A.A., 2022
Authors:   , Gonzales Peña Gonzalo
Published: February 2025

"El objetivo general es analizar los Estados Financieros según la NIC 1 en la empresa Backus y Johnston S.A.A. en el año 2022. La población son todos sus estados financieros, de los cuales se consideró como muestra específica al estado de resultados y balance general de 2022. La técnica utilizada es el análisis documental mediante fichas de análisis para evaluar la información financiera.
El análisis vertical realizado en el Estado de Situación Financiera muestra que la organización tiene más activos a largo plazo que activos corrientes. Las cuentas por pagar y cobrar representan posibles desafíos en la gestión financiera. El análisis del estado de resultados indica que, a pesar de tener utilidades, la empresa enfrenta altos gastos operativos que reducen su margen operativo.
Los indicadores de liquidez, capital de trabajo negativo, rotación de activos y alto endeudamiento sugieren problemas de liquidez, gestión de activos y financiamiento. Esto plantea riesgos para la continuidad del negocio, tal como requiere revelarse según la NIC 1.
En conclusión, aunque la compañía tiene una situación patrimonial aparentemente sólida y utilidades positivas, existen indicios de problemas en la gestión operativa relacionados a cuentas por cobrar, pagos a proveedores y gastos elevados."
Implementación de plan de marketing digital en redes sociales para incrementar las ventas de Colmenares Caballero en Lima Metropolitana.
Authors:   , Bautista Martinez Eliane Alyson
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo de investigación busca como propósito esencial diseñar e implementar un plan de marketing digital en redes sociales con el fin incrementar las ventas de Colmenares Caballero, una pyme peruana especializada en productos apícolas. Asimismo, se busca mejorar la presencia digital de la marca, posicionándose como una opción artesanal, saludable y de calidad en Lima Metropolitana, en respuesta a las tendencias de consumo actual.
Por lo cual, se realiza el análisis integral del entorno identificando oportunidades clave, destacando las plataformas digitales como Facebook e Instagram como herramientas clave para establecer una conexión efectiva con el público objetivo. En adición, a partir de un diagnóstico interno, que incluye un análisis FODA y una investigación de mercado, se revelaron aspectos diferenciadores de la empresa, como su enfoque artesanal y su compromiso con la sostenibilidad, así como áreas de mejora relacionadas con la limitada interacción en el entorno digital.
En base a los hallazgos, se proponen estrategias de marketing centradas en el desarrollo de contenido atractivo, la personalización de productos y campañas promocionales digitales. El análisis financiero confirma la viabilidad del proyecto, proyectando un incremento del 15% en las ventas en tres meses. Este plan busca no solo incrementar las ventas, sino también posicionar a Colmenares Caballero como un referente en el mercado apícola artesanal, promoviendo un modelo de negocio innovador y socialmente responsable.
Sistema CRM y atención al cliente en una empresa industrial, San Borja, 2023
Authors:   , Guerrero Guevara Ze Carlos Esteban
Published: February 2025

La información es fundamental en la sociedad actual, como sabemos hoy por hoy la tecnología ha evolucionado con un crecimiento continuo sobre todo creando un gran benefició para las empresas, facilitando realizar muchas tareas de manera eficaz, en el mercado se puede encontrar diferentes tipos de sistemas de acuerdo a la necesidad de la empresa facilitando el ahorro y tiempo de entrega de tareas de manera eficiente.
Como es el caso de los CRM (software de gestión de relaciones con el cliente) un software que brinda soluciones tecnológicas, donde nos permiten gestionar todo tipo de datos que se requiere respecto a los clientes de una manera eficiente como también se puede optimizar el flujo de trabajo de diferentes áreas en especial del departamento de ventas. Asimismo, con el CRM podemos automatizar diferentes tareas, logrando trabajos más productivos y mantener a los clientes satisfechos.
Como lo indica en la página web (www.oracle.com, 2024) existen un gran número de empresas que carecen de una óptima y correcta administración comercial, no cuentan con una adecuada estrategia de la información de sus clientes, sus métodos comerciales no ofrecen un trabajó eficaz en el producto y/o servicio que brindan, tal es la empresa industrial de la ciudad de Lima la cual tiene una buena cartera de clientes. Pero de contar con un Sistema CRM podrían contrarrestar la reducción que presenta su cartera de clientes en el trascurso de los años, así como evidenciar que no existe un seguimiento de ventas. Por esta razón me he inclinado al uso del sistema CRM, apoyándome en utilizar los sistemas de información...
Aplicación de calcio-boro-zinc para disminuir el aborto de flores en Theobroma cacao L, Cajaruro - Amazonas
Authors:   , Comeca Labajos Juan Antonio
Published: February 2025

El sector agroexportador en Perú está experimentando un crecimiento significativo, impulsado por la demanda internacional y la apertura de nuevos mercados, lo que sugiere un futuro prometedor para los cultivos frutales en el país (MIDAGRI, 2024). Este incremento se ve reflejado en las regiones exportadoras (Ica, La Libertad, Piura, Arequipa, entre otras) y en algunas provincias de regiones menos favorecidas por el auge agroexportador como Cajaruro – Amazonas, donde destaca el cultivo del cacao. El cultivo del cacao por distintos factores se ha incrementado en área, producción, productividad y muy recientemente también en precio; es un cultivo muy dinámico (MIDAGRI, 2023). El 2022 se registran 173 mil h cosechadas, 171 mil t de grano fermentado seco producidos y una productividad de 0,92 t/h a nivel nacional. En tanto que en la provincia donde se realizó este ensayo, se registran 671 ha cosechadas de cacao, 484 t producidas, con un rendimiento de 0.72 t/ha representado solamente el 0.28% de la producción nacional del año 2022 (SIEA MIDAGRI). Es decir, se trata de una zona poco representativa en términos de volumen producido, sin embargo, es el centro geográfico del cacao Amazonas Perú (DO), que es una denominación de origen (la primera para el cacao), que se otorgó por la elevada calidad sensorial de las pastas y chocolates que se obtienen a partir de las poblaciones de cacaos nativos de esta región (INDECOPI, 2024). Los factores que más inciden en el rendimiento del cultivo del cacao son el manejo, la fertilización y la sanidad, además de la genética propia del tipo de cacao (Montealegre et al., 2021). Un proceso que puede sumar a la producción y productividad pero que ha sido poco observado y estudiado, es el de la floración; se menciona que la floración del cacao está…
Control de inventarios y rentabilidad de los comerciantes de la galería “Virgen del Carmen” Chosica 2023
Authors:   , Huaman Flores Pablo Luis , Quispe Guizado Jany Edith
Published: February 2025

El estudio titulado “Control de inventarios y rentabilidad de los comerciantes de la galería ‘Virgen del Carmen’ Chosica, 2023” abordó de manera integral la problemática que enfrentan los comerciantes en cuanto al control de sus inventarios y cómo este se relaciona con su rentabilidad, para comprobar el vínculo entre el control de inventarios y la rentabilidad de los comerciantes de dicha galería, se elaboró esta investigación, además, se resaltó cómo los comerciantes gestionan sus inventarios y como esta acción recae en la rentabilidad. El estudio es de tipo aplicada, de enfoque cuantitativo con un nivel correlacional, haciendo uso del diseño no experimental y de marco descriptivo, se logró obtener datos mediante encuestas y cuestionarios, aplicados a una muestra de 40 comerciantes de la galería. El análisis de los datos presenta un nexo moderado en sus variables, los resultados sugieren estrategias rentables en el manejo de inventarios de los comerciantes.
Impacto del cierre de la brecha de infraestructura vial sobre la actividad económica de la región Huancavelica, 2011-2022
Authors:   , Barbaran Reyes Rosangella Andrea
Published: February 2025

La existencia de buenas vías de comunicacio´n facilitan el acceso al mercado y contribuyen al aumento de la actividad econo´mica. Esta investigacio´n evalu´a el impacto de la Inversión en infraestructura vial sobre la actividad económica empresarial de Huancavelica entre los an˜os 2011 y 2022. Utilizando datos del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones (MTC) y la Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administraci´on Tributaria (SUNAT), se analiza el efecto de la Inversión en las redes viales nacional, departamental y vecinal, sobre el nu´mero de Registros U´nicos de Contribuyentes (RUC) emitidos y vigentes en Huancavelica. La metodolog´ıa se basa en la estimaci´on de un modelo VAR cointegrado y pruebas de exogeneidad. Los resultados indican que existe una relacio´n de largo plazo entre la actividad económica empresarial y la infraestructura vial nacional pavimentada de Huancavelica; adema´s, se encuentra que un aumento del los kilómetros pavimentados anticipa y puede impulsar la actividad económica empresarial en dicha regi´on al mejorar el acceso a mercados potenciales. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las políticas que contribuyan al aumento de las vías nacionales pavimentadas pueden impulsar la actividad económica empresarial.
Diferencias sociodemográficas y clínicas según la altitud sobre el nivel del mar en pacientes con vólvulo de sigmoide sometidos a cirugía
Authors:   , Rioja Torres Flavia Marisol Italia
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Comparar las diferencias sociodemográficas en pacientes que viven en altitudes bajas y altas, diagnosticados con vólvulo de sigmoides y sometidos a intervención quirúrgica entre 2010 y 2022. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo que incluyó pacientes sometidos a cirugía por vólvulo de sigmoides entre 2010 y 2022. La población se dividió según la altitud sobre el nivel del mar en la que residían. Se emplearon estadísticas descriptivas y análisis univariado para comparar ambas cohortes. Resultados: El 52,1 % de los pacientes que vivían por debajo de los 2500 metros sobre el nivel del mar (msnm) tenían más de 60 años (55,0 % vs. 52,1 %; p=0,004). La población que vivía por encima de los 2500 msnm presentó un mayor porcentaje de tejido necrótico (70,0 % vs. 31,0 %, p<0,001). No se observaron diferencias en los tipos de cirugía (resección primaria con anastomosis vs. procedimiento de Hartmann; 46,7 % vs. 60,6 %, p=0,112). Los pacientes de altitudes bajas tuvieron más complicaciones totales (18,3 % vs. 36,6 %, p=0,021) y de heridas (10,0 % vs. 26,8 %, p=0,015), a pesar de la mayor frecuencia de tejido necrótico en el grupo de mayor altitud (70,0 % vs. 31,0 %, p<0,001). La mayoría de los pacientes de ambas zonas lograron recuperación completa tras la cirugía (88,3 % vs. 100 %, p=0,003) y fueron dados de alta tras un promedio de 9 días (10,16 vs. 4,85, p=0,160). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con diagnóstico de vólvulo de sigmoides que vivían a más de 2500 metros eran mayores, residían en áreas rurales, presentaban mayor progresión de la enfermedad debido a tejido necrótico, y tenían una menor tasa de complicaciones generales y de heridas...
Eliminación del requisito de estar al día en los alimentos para solicitar exoneración, con el fin de garantizar el derecho a la tutela jurisdiccional
Authors:   , Hernandez Anicama Fabio Richard
Published: February 2025

El propósito de este estudio es examinar la necesidad de eliminar el apartado 565-A del Código Procesal Civil (CPC) que requiere no adeudar pensiones alimentarias para demandar el cese de la obligación, con el fin de no infringir el derecho de acceder a la justicia cuando los hijos han alcanzado la edad de mayoría y ha desaparecido las circunstancias de escasez. El método empleado para la presente investigación es el cualitativo, descriptivo y dogmático debido a que implica un hecho fundamental para el acceso a la justicia en este tipo de demandas y que constituye un obstáculo para su ejercicio. Asimismo, para conocer las instituciones jurídicas involucradas se empleó el método dogmático, tales como qué se entiende por el derecho a los alimentos, qué dice la doctrina internacional, normativa internacional, así como qué se comprende por exoneración de alimentos, saber qué se entiende por el derecho de acceder a la justicia y una efectiva protección judicial. A partir de ello, concluimos que es necesario eliminar al apartado 565-A del código adjetivo porque la manera general en la que se dictó infringe el derecho de acceder a la justicia del demandante de exención de manutención en los casos de hijos que han llegado a la edad de mayoría y en los que ha desaparecido las circunstancias de escasez. Además, comparando las legislaciones de España, México, y Argentina no existe un requisito como el instaurado en Perú para peticionar la exención de manutención. También se concluye que es factible eliminar el requerimiento particular establecido en el artículo 565-A del C.P.C cuando los alimentistas han alcanzado la edad de mayoría y ha cesado las circunstancias de escasez y, por último...
Factores relacionados al interés investigativo que presentan los estudiantes del pregrado de la carrera de estomatología de una Universidad privada de Lima
Authors:   , Llacsa Huayta Lola Brigida , Castillo Arana Anapaula
Published: February 2025

Introducción: A pesar de la existencia de estrategias e innovaciones que tienen la finalidad de estimular la cultura investigativa, en muchos casos el interés por la investigación se encuentra disminuida o es limitada. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que se relacionan con el interés investigativo en los estudiantes del pregrado de una carrera de estomatología. Método: El diseño de estudio aplicado fue analítico transversal incluyendo de forma aleatoria a 195 estudiantes (61% mujeres) del pregrado de la Carrera de Estomatología de una universidad privada de Lima. La técnica de la encuesta fue utilizada a través de un cuestionario y una escala de forma presencial; la cual consideraba como dimensiones al interés por la investigación propiamente dicha, redacción de artículos científicos, publicación de artículos, participación de eventos científicos y dedicación a futuro. La prueba estadística de Chi cuadrado de homogeneidad se utilizó con un p < 0,05. Resultados: El 35,1 % de los varones y el 47,1% de las mujeres estuvo de acuerdo en interesarse por la investigación científica (p = 0,041). El 51,3 % presentaron un interés medio por la investigación, seguido de 25,1% con interés alto y 23,6% con interés bajo. Los encuestados en los diferentes años académicos presentaron en su mayoría interés medio en la investigación, encontrándose relación estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,011). Los estudiantes regulares presentaron un interés por la investigación alto en 29 % y mediano en 51,5 %. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los estudiantes de estomatología presentan nivel de interés por la investigación científica de medio a alto. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres, siendo las mujeres las que estuvieron presentaron mayor interés por la investigación científica.
Relación entre el deterioro cognitivo y el riesgo sociofamiliar en personas mayores en comunidades altoandinas y del centro médico naval 'Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara' de Lima
Authors:   , Mesones Duffoo Luana , Perez Pachas Gonzalo Alonso
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: el propósito del estudio era establecer si el deterioro cognitivo se asocia a un mayor riesgo sociofamiliar de acuerdo con la población de procedencia en personas mayores atendidos en el Centro Médico Naval 'Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara' en el periodo 2010 y 2015 y que formaban parte de las 12 comunidades altoandinas entre 2013 al 2020.
Métodos: Este estudio observacional, analítico, de corte transversal se basó en el análisis secundario a las bases de datos procedentes de los estudios ANDES FRAIL y CEMENA Frailty Study. El deterioro cognitivo se definió como el deterioro moderado en uno o más dominios de la cognición sin interferir en actividades de la vida cotidiana, mientras que se utilizó el cuestionario de Pfeiffer para definir la presencia o no de deterioro cognitivo. Se incluyeron además otras variables intervinientes, tales como: hipertensión arterial, obesidad, consumo de tabaco y/o alcohol, entre otros. Resultados: El estudio incluyó a 2116 participantes en total, siendo 1681 de Lima y 435 de Los Andes. En el modelo ajustado con las variables confusoras, se encontró que el deterioro cognitivo se asociaba a 1.28 veces más riesgo sociofamiliar (RP= 1.28; IC 95% 1.14-1.46). Por otro lado, la variable de origen “Andes” estaba asociado significativamente a un mayor riesgo sociofamiliar (RP= 6.42; IC 95% 4.91 - 8.40). Conclusión: Existe un nexo significativo entre el deterioro cognitivo y cómo este influye en la presencia de problemas sociofamiliares en la población mencionada. Este hallazgo es el que orientará a poder trabajar en dicha población y trabajar a nivel social, físico y mental de la población mayor.
Characterizing Joint Distribution of Uncertainty Parameters and Production Forecasts Using Gaussian Mixture Model and a Two-Loop Expectation-Maximization Algorithm
Authors: Gao Guohua , Lu Hao , Blom Carl
Published: February 2025

Uncertainty quantification of reservoirs with multiple geological concepts and robust optimization are key technologies for oil/gasfield development planning, which require properly characterizing joint distribution of model parameters and/or production forecasts after conditioning to historical production data. In this work, we generate an ensemble of conditional realizations by a multirealization history-matching workflow. The posterior probability density function (PDF) of model parameters and/or production forecasts is non-Gaussian, and we approximate it by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) using an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm.

We first discuss major limitations of the traditional EM algorithm—not robust and converging to suboptimal solutions. We develop a two-loop (TL) EM algorithm [EM-eigenvalue decomposition (EVD)-TL] using the compact form of EVD and propose new strategies to overcome these limitations: (1) Reduce the dimension of a Gaussian component if its covariance matrix becomes singular and (2) introduce an inner EM loop in which only the diagonal matrix in EVD of the covariance matrix is updated. The first strategy improves the stability and convergence of the EM algorithm in dealing with degeneration of Gaussian components. The second strategy reduces the computational cost and further improves the convergence rate and accuracy of solutions.

The proposed EM-EVD-TL algorithm was validated on an analytical testing example, and its performance is compared against the single-loop, traditional EM algorithms, which use either Cholesky decomposition (EM-CD) or EVD (EM-EVD). An ensemble of conditional realizations is generated from sampling the actual PDF using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. For the analytical example, the GMMs approximated by three EM algorithms are very close to the actual distribution with negligible difference. Finally, we applied the proposed EM-EVD-TL algorithm to realistic history-matching problems with different number of uncertainty parameters and production forecasts. We first generate an ensemble of conditional realizations using either the MCMC method or the distributed Gauss-Newton (DGN) optimization method. Then, we construct GMMs using different EM algorithms by fitting the conditional realizations, starting from different initial configurations and settings. Our numerical results confirm that the proposed EM-EVD and EM-EVD-TL algorithms perform robustly. In contrast, the traditional EM-CD algorithm fails to converge for most testing cases. The EM-EVD-TL algorithm converges faster to better solutions than the EM-CD algorithm.
The Impact of Police Officers' Perceptions of Organizational Politics on Public Service Motivation
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Yu Hyo Eun , Park Sang Jin
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyse how police officers' perceptions of political elements within their organisation affect their public service motivation and examines the moderating effect of rank. A survey of police officers was conducted, and regression and moderation analyses were applied. The results showed that two subfactors of public service motivation—commitment to the public interest and self-sacrifice—varied according to perceptions of organisational politics. Particularly, rank played a moderating role in these relationships: lower-ranking officers exhibited decreased public service motivation as their perception of organisational politics increased, whereas higher-ranking officers demonstrated a tendency to show higher public service motivation under similar circumstances. These findings suggest that differences in authority and resource accessibility, as well as one's position within a political environment, significantly influence police officers' perceptions of organisational politics and their public service motivation. The study underscores the importance of establishing fair decision-making structures in police organisations and implementing rank-specific leadership training. Additionally, it provides policy recommendations to enhance public service motivation.
A study on factors affecting female police officers’ work satisfaction
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Jung Eui Rom
Published: February 2025

The proportion of female police officers is increasing, and research on female police officers is being conducted consistently. In particular, research on the work satisfaction of female police officers is considered important as they work and home at the same time. In this study, we sought to identify factors influencing work satisfaction among female police officers. 이에 This study sought to identify factors influencing work satisfaction among female police officers in the Jeju region. Many previous studies related to work satisfaction have verified the factors influencing work satisfaction, focusing on factors related to wages, supervision, job environment, and welfare benefits. However, this study sought to verify factors such as communication and self-development that have recently been considered important for work satisfaction. Accordingly, this study tested the relationship between promotion, self-development, professional awareness, communication, and work satisfaction among female police officers. As a result of the study, promotion and communication were found to be not statistically significant. In addition, self-development and professional awareness were found to have an influence on the work satisfaction of female police officers, and among these, professional awareness and self-development were investigated in the order of their influence on the work satisfaction of female police officials. Based on these research results, policy suggestions were made to improve the work satisfaction of female police officers. It is expected that these research results can be used as basic academic and practical data.
Identifying Regional Differences in Correlations Between Transportation Infrastructure and Carbon Emissions with Data Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Baglio Nolan
Published: February 2025

Transportation supports global connections in the world. Urban planning requires much thought about transportation to ensure connectivity and simplicity within a city. However, what should also be considered is the environmental impact of their decisions. The research aims to understand how different types of transportation infrastructure impact carbon emissions. Each country was categorized by region, and the study looked into six different regions. The ideal features for predicting the carbon emissions per capita were determined using random forest regression, a machine-learning model that creates many decision trees to make predictions. The carbon emissions per capita with the percentage of roads paved, the feature deemed most valuable to predicting carbon emissions per capita by the random forest regressor, in each region was compared. With linear regression, a relationship was determined in each region to understand the variance from the line and the slope of the line and to know how the data progresses as the values increase. The results showed that economic and governmental factors were often at the root of environmental factors, and transportation infrastructure reflects economic strength. This was understood from both correlations between carbon emission changes and financial events, as well as from policy reviews of countries that were anomalies in the data, showing that they had differing policies regarding transportation. In this research, transportation infrastructure was proven essential to environmental factors. The study also indicates that the jobs of urban planners and road workers play a significant role in how a country approaches its carbon-neutral goals.
An Investigation into Seasonal Variations in Energy Forecasting for Student Residences
Authors: Danish Muhammad Umair , Sureshkumar Mathumitha , Fonseka Thanuri , Uthayakumar Umeshika , Galwaduge Vinura
Published: February 2025

This research provides an in-depth evaluation of various machine learning models for energy forecasting, focusing on the unique challenges of seasonal variations in student residential settings. The study assesses the performance of baseline models, such as LSTM and GRU, alongside state-of-the-art forecasting methods, including Autoregressive Feedforward Neural Networks, Transformers, and hybrid approaches. Special attention is given to predicting energy consumption amidst challenges like seasonal patterns, vacations, meteorological changes, and irregular human activities that cause sudden fluctuations in usage. The findings reveal that no single model consistently outperforms others across all seasons, emphasizing the need for season-specific model selection or tailored designs. Notably, the proposed Hyper Network-based LSTM and MiniAutoEncXGBoost models exhibit strong adaptability to seasonal variations, effectively capturing abrupt changes in energy consumption during summer months. This study advances the energy forecasting field by emphasizing the critical role of seasonal dynamics and model-specific behavior in achieving accurate predictions.
Rational Design of Safer Inorganic Nanoparticles via Mechanistic Modeling-informed Machine Learning
Authors: Dogra Prashant , Cave Joseph , Christiono Anne , Schiavone Carmine , Pownall Henry , Cristini Vittorio , Staquicini Daniela , Brinker C , Campen Matthew , Wang Zhihui , Nguyen Hien Van , Noureddine Achraf
Published: February 2025

The safety of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) remains a critical challenge for their clinical translation. To address this, we developed a machine-learning (ML) framework that predicts NP toxicity both in vitro and in vivo, leveraging physicochemical properties and experimental conditions. A curated in vitro cytotoxicity dataset was used to train and validate binary classification models, with top-performing models undergoing explainability analysis to identify key determinants of toxicity and establish structure-toxicity relationships. External testing with diverse mesoporous silica NPs validated the framework’s predictive accuracy for in vitro settings. To enable organ-specific toxicity predictions in vivo, we integrated a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model into the ML pipeline to quantify NP exposure across organs. Retraining the ML models with PBPK-derived exposure metrics yielded robust predictions of organ-specific nanotoxicity, further validating the framework. This PBPK-informed ML approach can thus serve as a potential Novel Alternative Method (NAM) to streamline NP safety assessment, enabling the rational design of safer NPs and expediting their clinical translation.
Desargues Cloud TPS : A Cloud-based Automatic Radiation Treatment Planning System for IMRT
Authors: Guo Jian , Qin Songbing , Guo Chenlei , Zhu Meng , Zhou Yin , Wang He , Xu Xiaoting , Zhan Wei , Chen Long , Ni Jie , Tang Yu , Chen Jun , Shen Yi , Chen Haibo , Men Kuo , Liu Hui , Pan Yuning , Ye Jin , Huan Jian , Zhou Juying
Published: February 2025

Purpose
To develop a cloud-based automated treatment planning system for intensity-modulated radiation therapy and evaluate its efficacy and safety for tumors in various anatomical sites under general clinical scenarios.
Results
All the plans from both groups satisfy the PTV prescription dose coverage requirement of at least 95% of the PTV volume. The mean HI of plan A group and plan group is 0.84 and 0.81 respectively, with no statistically significant difference from those of plan C group.The mean CI, PQM, OOT and POT are 0.806, 77.55. 410 s and 185 s for plan A group, and 0.841, 76.87, 515.1 s and 271.1 s for plan B group, which were significantly superior than those of plan C group except for the CI of plan A group. There is no statistically significant difference between the dose accuracies of plan B and plan C groups.
Conclusion
It is concluded that the overall efficacy and safty of the Desargues Cloud TPS are not significantly different to those of Varian Eclipse, while some efficacy indicators of plans generated from automatic planning without or with manual adjustments are even significantly superior to those of fully manual plans from Eclipse. The cloud-based automatic treatment planning additionally increase the efficiency of treatment planning process and facilitate the sharing of planning knowledge.
Materials and methods
The cloud-based automatic radiation treatment planning system, Desargues Cloud TPS, was designed and developed based on browser/server mode, where all the computing intensive functions were deployed on the server and user interfaces were implemented on the web. The communication between the browser and the server was through the local area network (LAN) of a radiotherapy institution. The automatic treatment planning module adopted a hybrid of both knowledge-based planning (KBP) and protocol-based automatic iterative optimization (PB-AIO), consisting of three steps: beam angle optimization (BAO), beam fluence optimization (BFO) and machine parameter optimization (MPO). 53 patients from two institutions have been enrolled in a multi-center self-controlled clinical validation. For each patient, three IMRT plans was designed. The plan A and B were designed on Desargues Cloud TPS using automatic planning without and with manual adjustments respectively. The plan C was designed on Varian Eclipse TPS using fully manual planning. The efficacy indicators were heterogeneous index, conformity index, plan quality metric, overall operation time and plan optimization time. The safety indicators were gamma indices of dose verification.
New candidate gene mutation in astrocytoma with seizures
Authors: Choochuen Pongsakorn , Khongcharoen Natthapon , Sangkhathat Surasak , Kaewborisutsakul Anukoon , Tunthanathip Thara , Phabphal Kanitpong
Published: February 2025

Patients with astrocytomas frequently experience seizures. Patients with glioma who had preoperative epilepsy had significantly longer survival than those without seizures. However, the preoperative risk factors for seizures remain unclear. Moreover, previous studies have suggested that tumor genomics, rather than tumor location, mass effect, or tumor volume, plays a critical role in seizures in glioma. This study aimed to investigate the somatic genomic landscape of astrocytomas and its association with seizure occurrence. Baseline clinical characteristics, including MRI findings, did not differ between patients with astrocytoma presenting with or without seizures. Analysis of exome sequences from 40 samples revealed 22,891 single-nucleotide variants and 1,801 insertions or deletions. The top five cancer-related genes identified in our cohort were TP53, IDH1, ATRX, NOTCH1, and EGFR, detected in 48%, 28%, 25%, 25%, and 25% of cases, respectively. The top five most common driver genes were MUC16, TP53, MUC4, HLA-A, and IDH1. Seizure events in patients with astrocytoma were significantly associated with variants in nine genes. We identified two novel mutated genes, GSTT4 and CELSR1, that were significantly more prevalent in the seizure group. Future research should expand the cohort and conduct a functional analysis of GSTT4 and CELSR1 to identify new treatment targets and provide additional evidence to guide clinical decision-making.
Proinflammatory macrophage-derived medium enhances temozolomide sensitivity in glioblastoma via pSTAT3-mediated downregulation of DNA repair enzymes
Authors: López-López Susana , Castro-Robles Beatriz , Díaz‐Guerra María José M. , Arias-Salazar Lourdes , Sandoval Hernán , García-Pérez Daniel , Klein-Zampaña Christoph J. , Barbella-Aponte Rosa A , Segura Tomás , Serrano-Heras Gemma
Published: February 2025

Chemoresistance to temozolomide (TMZ), the main agent in glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, negatively impacts prognosis due to efficient repair of TMZ-induced DNA lesions. Reduced expression of the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) has been associated with improved chemotherapy response, though not consistently across patients. Our previous findings suggested that N-methylpurine-DNA-glycosylase (MPG), which repairs the most common TMZ-induced DNA adducts, would be implicated in glioblastoma resistance to TMZ, but its role in chemoresistance remains unclear. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a key component of the GBM microenvironment, impair chemotherapy efficacy, though mechanisms by which they contribute to drug resistance are not well defined. This study shows that reducing MPG expression with specific siRNAs sensitizes tumor cells to TMZ, and this effect is potentiated by simultaneously downregulating both MPG and MGMT. We also provide the first evidence that conditioned medium from proinflammatory macrophages (CM-M1), by suppressing STAT3 phosphorylation, reduces repair enzyme expression in glioblastoma cells, enhancing TMZ cytotoxicity. Molecular analysis of tumor samples from glioblastoma patients confirmed an association between high repair enzyme expression and STAT3 activation. Our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which TAMs contribute to chemoresistance, supporting strategies to reprogram TAMs towards an M1-phenotype to improve TMZ efficacy in GBM treatment.
Comparison between old and new imaging modalities in the presurgical evaluation of children with intractable epilepsy
Authors: Shaheen Yara , Ibrahim Bassant , Elnaggar Walaa , Elantably Ismail , Morsi Ahmed , Baghdadi Michael , Rizkallah Mina , Elhabashy Hala , Girgis Marian
Published: February 2025

Background: Drug-resistant epilepsy is characterized by the failure of adequate trials of two well selected anti-seizure drugs with tolerable side effects. Surgical intervention is often performed to mitigate or stop seizures. Different imaging techniques are used to evaluate those patients presurgically. Herein, we aimed to describe the correlation between seizure semiology, long term video-EEG and neuro-imaging modalities including high resolution three-dimensional structural brain MRI, ASL perfusion, brain volumetric analysis, and FDG-PET scans throughout the presurgical assessment of focal drug-resistant epilepsy patients.
Methodology: Here, 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included from our pediatric neurology clinic in a period from November 2021 till May 2023. History taking, full examination, 6–24-h long-term Video EEG recording (including ictal and inter-ictal recordings) and multiple neuro-imaging modalities were obtained from all patients. Thirty patients underwent structural MRI brain imaging, 27 patients underwent volumetry studies and 28 patients underwent magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling sequence. PET was done when no proper localization of seizures occurred (n=10).
Results: Our multimodal methodology indicated that among patients with focal DRE, temporal lobe epilepsy was the prevailing, impacting 12 patients (40%), followed by frontal lobe epilepsy, impacting 9 patients (30%). There was concordance between Ictal EEG and Inter-ictal EEG regarding the affected side, and the affected lobe. We also found concordance between structural MRI and ASL regarding the affected side and the affected lobe. In addition to between ASL, ictal EEG and PET scan.
Conclusion: Focal DRE patients necessitate meticulous multi-disciplinary assessment through detailed seizure semiology analysis, adequate long-term video EEG monitoring, and thorough neuro-imaging including already established techniques such as structural MRI and 18f-FDG PET brain scans and also new emerging techniques such as ASL and automated brain volumetry. Given the benefits of those new techniques regarding image quality, elevated accessibility, and the elimination of intravenous contrast agents, they are optimally suited for pediatric neuro-imaging during the pre-surgical evaluation of focal DRE.
Effect of Simulation-based Perioperative Education on the Acquisition of Self-Competence and Knowledge among Undergraduate Student Nurses: A Randomised Control Study
Authors: Bwanali Richard K. , Msiska Gladys , Urstad Kristin H. , Bø Bodil , Chimwaza Angela
Published: February 2025

Background
Perioperative nurses need a considerable amount of competencies in surgical processes, anaesthesia, medical and surgical conditions, and the technological advancements that are necessary for managing patients. However, in Malawi, lack of access to specialised training and poor learning conditions in hospitals compromise the ability of student nurses to acquire the required competencies, highlighting a need for innovations in the teaching and learning of perioperative nursing. Studies have demonstrated that simulation offers many advantages as a teaching strategy. Currently, there is limited evidence to support the use of simulation in Malawian undergraduate student nurses. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the effect of simulation-based perioperative nursing education among undergraduate student nurses.
Methods
This study utilised a test‒retest randomised control trial to assess the effect of simulation-based education on the acquisition of self-competence and knowledge. The study utilised an adapted Malawian student version of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised for self-competence and a knowledge test to assess the gain in knowledge. The study simulated the implementation of the World Health Organisation’s Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSCL) on a hernia repair simulated scenario with a total of 52 student nurses.
Results
The findings of this study showed that the simulation of the WHO SSCL significantly improved self-competence and knowledge acquisition.
Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that student nurses can increase their self-competence and acquire new knowledge by participating in the WHO SSCL simulation. Additionally, using the WHO SSCL-based simulation could enhance knowledge of the checklist itself and promote its use.
A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Sepsis Burden and Healthcare Challenges in Ethiopia
Authors: Hurissa Zewdu
Published: February 2025

Introduction Sepsis remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings like Ethiopia, where healthcare systems are often under-resourced and overburdened. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the burden, risk factors, and healthcare challenges of sepsis in Ethiopia. By consolidating existing data, the review seeks to inform policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers about the current state of sepsis care and to guide future interventions aimed at reducing its impact.Methods A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and African Journals Online (AJOL). Grey literature sources, such as government reports and conference proceedings, were also included. The search strategy combined keywords related to sepsis, Ethiopia, burden, and healthcare challenges using Boolean operators. Studies were included if they focused on sepsis epidemiology, risk factors, or healthcare challenges in Ethiopia and were published in English. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using standardized tools, and data were synthesized narratively due to the heterogeneity of the studies.Results A total of 50 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The review found that sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with high prevalence rates in intensive care units (ICUs) and neonatal wards. Key risk factors included poverty, malnutrition, infectious diseases (e.g., pneumonia, malaria, HIV/AIDS), and delays in seeking care. Healthcare challenges included limited diagnostic capabilities, inadequate treatment resources, and a shortage of trained healthcare personnel. Despite these challenges, interventions such as healthcare worker training and improved access to essential medicines showed promise in reducing sepsis mortality. However, the review also identified significant gaps in the literature, including a lack of nationwide data and limited research on long-term outcomes.Conclusion This systematic review highlights the high burden of sepsis in Ethiopia and the significant healthcare challenges associated with its management. The findings underscore the need for high-quality, nationwide studies to address the gaps identified and to inform evidence-based interventions. Strengthening healthcare systems, improving access to diagnostics and treatments, and implementing targeted public health interventions are critical to reducing the impact of sepsis in Ethiopia. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes, cost-effective interventions, and the scalability of existing programs in resource-limited settings.
In the light of social media: physical activity, eating disorders and well-being issues in young women
Authors: Skribanek Dóra , Patakiné Bősze Júlia
Published: February 2025

Based on an online questionnaire survey, we present the responses of 440 young women between the ages of 18 and 26 grouped according to different aspects. We grouped the examined persons based on their sports habits, and then, among other things, examined their eating attitudes, social media usage habits, especially Instagram, and their well-being. Among the respondents, the competitive aesthetic athletes showed the highest well-being values, while the almost never athletes had the lowest. Social media, especially Instagram, was found to be a significant risk factor for developing eating disorders, as those at risk for eating disorders spent more time on Instagram. For competitive athletes, the recommendations given by coaches are more important in the design of the diet, while in the case of recreational athletes, this effect is to a lesser extent. Our results also showed that regular sports, even if for leisure purposes, have a positive effect on well-being. In our article, we emphasize the importance of prevention in the treatment of eating disorders and the effects of social media.
The Procedures for Boundary Changes of Local Governments in the UK and Their Implications from a Legislative Perspective
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, Kim Younsik
Published: February 2025

In a modern welfare state, the boundaries of local authorities transcend mere administrative lines, serving as a foundational aspect of community identity and social cohesion. They also play a crucial role in ensuring the efficient and equitable provision of public services. Accordingly, boundary changes represent not just a physical alteration of borders but a significant administrative and policy decision process impacting community identity and residents' lives. For these reasons, boundary changes often become the subject of substantial legal disputes.
This study examines the procedures and standards for boundary changes under the UK local government system. It first outlines the significance and function of boundary changes within the UK’s local governance structure and then examines the roles and authorities of major responsible institutions. Subsequently, it provides a detailed analysis of the procedures and legal principles underpinning boundary changes in the UK, particularly focusing on how such changes incorporate public input and ensure administrative efficiency. By exploring the fundamental principles and evaluative factors applied in boundary alteration processes, the study discusses how boundary changes in the UK accommodate residents’ interests, reflect community identity, and adjust accessibility to public services.
Based on an analysis of the UK case, the study proposes implications for the boundary change mechanisms in local governments in South Korea. It emphasises the need to approach boundary adjustments not as a means for dispute resolution but as a collaborative and specialised policy-making process. Furthermore, it advocates for the establishment of independent, specialised institutions to ensure boundary changes are founded upon democratic legitimacy and expertise, underscoring the necessity for legal principles and evaluative factors that enhance predictability and transparency in boundary change procedures.
Development of CCUS value chain scenarios in northern Poland
Authors: Wójcicki Adam
Published: February 2025

In CCUS ZEN project one of value chains considered includes emission sources located in the region of northern Poland. The value chain is intertwined with the scope of ECO2CEE Project of Common Interest on CO2 terminal in Port of Gdańsk. The ECO2CEE project in its first stage is to include railway transport of CO2 captured in two of the installations of the studied value chain. Carbon dioxide delivered to the terminal is to be transported by ship and stored under North Sea. However, within the region and its immediate vicinity there is notable storage potential. About 120 km north of Gdańsk, offshore, there is saline aquifer in Cambrian sandstones of storage capacity likely sufficient to store emissions of all selected 16 emitters of the region. The main barrier to such approach is the interpretation of Article 11 of Helsinki Convention suggesting ban of CO2 storage under the Baltic Sea. In southern part of the region where also ECO2CEE emitters are located there are several saline aquifer structures in Lower Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of estimated storage capacity significantly exceeding the possible demand of emitters of the local cluster. Hence, the work is to propose the further development of the PCI value chain in northern Poland, beyond the original concept.
Research on coupling dynamic characteristics and parameter influence of TBM cutterhead system
Authors: Ling Jingxiu , Zhao Jian , Liu Shiming , Wang Wenjing
Published: February 2025

As an important system of TBM, the host system bears the impact of unstable load from itself and the strong load of the rock in the geological layer during operation, which causes irregular vibration of the host system, resulting in low tunneling efficiency, and is more likely to cause cutterhead cracking and component damage. To this end, with the help of analysis software such as Matlab and Ansys, the intrinsic characteristics and vibration response of the host system are studied, and the specific parameters of the vibration influencing factors are discussed. The results show that the axial displacement of the center block of the cutterhead is the largest, reaching 0.85 mm, and the longitudinal displacement value is about 2-3 times of the transverse displacement; in the design stage, the mass of the central block should be controlled in the range of 50 %-55 %, and the rest of the cutterhead should be controlled in the range of 12.5 %-13.5 %; the vibration is the smallest under the uniform layout of the gear, the fluctuation of the solid short shaft connection of the motor is relatively stable, and the maximum vibration value does not exceed 3.5e-2 mm.