bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Excavation Parameters on Face Stability in Small Curvature Shield Tunnels
Authors: Niu Yaliang , Ren Tielun , Zhou Qiang , Jiao Xueyang , Shi Jiuqiang , Xiang Ke , Tao Jin , Zhai Qian , Satyanaga Alfrendo
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the face stability of small curvature shield tunnels during excavation and its relationship with various excavation parameters. The stability of the excavation face is critical to the safety and efficiency of underground construction projects. Despite the increase in the use of small curvature shield tunnels in urban areas, research works on this type of tunnel are limited and the existing literature focuses only on straight shield tunnels. This study addresses this research gap through numerical simulations, analyzing the effects of different excavation parameters such as jacking force, cutting speed, and soil conditioning on face stability. The results of the study show that the excavation parameters significantly affect face stability. The findings can be used to optimize the performance of small curvature shield tunnels and support their continued development in urban areas.
Research on Outdoor Mobile Music Speaker Battery Management Algorithm Based on Dynamic Redundancy
Authors: Yu Xiaofei , Li Yanke , Li Xiaonan , Wang Licheng , Wang Kai
Published: April 2023

In terms of the battery management system of a mobile music speaker, reliability optimization has always been an important topic. This paper proposes a new dynamic redundant battery management algorithm based on the existing fault-tolerant structure of a lithium battery pack. The internal configuration is adjusted according to the SOC of each battery, and the power supply battery is dynamically allocated. This paper selects four batteries to experiment on with two different algorithms. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional battery management algorithm, the dynamic redundant battery management algorithm extends the battery pack working time by 18.75%, and the energy utilization rate of B1 and B4 increases by 96.0% and 99.8%, respectively. This proves that the dynamic redundant battery management algorithm can effectively extend battery working time and improve energy utilization.
Using Brain Tumor MRI Structured Reporting to Quantify the Impact of Imaging on Brain Tumor Boards
Authors: Abidi Syed A. , Hoch Michael J. , Hu Ranliang , Sadigh Gelareh , Voloschin Alfredo , Olson Jeffrey J. , Shu Hui-Kuo G. , Neill Stewart G. , Weinberg Brent D.
Published: April 2023

Multidisciplinary tumor boards (TB) are an essential part of brain tumor care, but quantifying the impact of imaging on patient management is challenging due to treatment complexity and a lack of quantitative outcome measures. This work uses a structured reporting system for classifying brain tumor MRIs, the brain tumor reporting and data system (BT-RADS), in a TB setting to prospectively assess the impact of imaging review on patient management. Published criteria were used to prospectively assign three separate BT-RADS scores (an initial radiology report, secondary TB presenter review, and TB consensus) to brain MRIs reviewed at an adult brain TB. Clinical recommendations at TB were noted and management changes within 90 days after TB were determined by chart review. In total, 212 MRIs in 130 patients (median age = 57 years) were reviewed. Agreement was 82.2% between report and presenter, 79.0% between report and consensus, and 90.1% between presenter and consensus. Rates of management change increased with increasing BT-RADS scores (0—3.1%, 1a—0%, 1b—66.7%, 2—8.3%, 3a—38.5%, 3b—55.9, 3c—92.0%, and 4—95.6%). Of 184 (86.8%) cases with clinical follow-up within 90 days after the tumor board, 155 (84.2%) of the recommendations were implemented. Structured scoring of MRIs provides a quantitative way to assess rates of agreement interpretation alongside how often management changes are recommended and implemented in a TB setting.
Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in 15 Pharmaceutical Plants in the Pearl River Delta
Authors: Liu Yuanfei , Shi Xiaoxia , Chen Xiaoxia , Ding Ping , Zhang Lijuan , Yang Jian , Pan Jun , Yu Yunjiang , Wu Jinhua , Hu Guocheng
Published: April 2023

Pharmaceutical plants are an essential source of antibiotics emitted into the aqueous environment. The monitoring of target antibiotics in pharmaceutical plants through various regions is vital to optimize contaminant release. The occurrence, distribution, removal, and ecological risk of 30 kinds of selected antibiotics in 15 pharmaceutical plants in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) were investigated in this study. Lincomycin (LIN) showed the highest concentration (up to 56,258.3 ng/L) in the pharmaceutical plant influents from Zhongshan city. Norfloxacin (NFX) showed a higher detection frequency than other antibiotics. In addition, the spatial distribution of antibiotics in pharmaceutical plants showed significant differences, with higher concentrations of total antibiotics found in pharmaceutical plant influents in Shenzhen City than those of different regions in PRD. The treatment processes adopted by pharmaceutical plants were commonly ineffective in removing antibiotics, with only 26.7% of antibiotics being effectively removed (average removal greater than 70%), while 55.6% of antibiotics had removal rates of below 60%. The anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (AAO)-membrane bioreactor (MBR) combined process exhibited better treatment performance than the single treatment process. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ofloxacin (OFL), erythromycin-H2O (ETM-H2O), sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamethazine (SMZ), norfloxacin (NFX), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in pharmaceutical plant effluents posed high or moderate ecological risk and deserve particular attention.
Mycotoxins in Rice Correlate with Other Contaminants? A Pilot Study of the Portuguese Scenario and Human Risk Assessment
Authors: Silva Liliana J. G. , Pereira André M. P. T. , Duarte Sofia , Pedro Inês , Perdigão Catarina , Silva Alexandra , Lino Celeste M. , Almeida Anabela , Pena Angelina
Published: April 2023

Rice is the second most important cereal crop and is vital for the diet of billions of people. However, its consumption can increase human exposure to chemical contaminants, namely mycotoxins and metalloids. Our goal was to evaluate the occurrence and human exposure of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), and inorganic arsenic (InAs) in 36 rice samples produced and commercialized in Portugal and evaluate their correlation. The analysis of mycotoxins involved ELISA, with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.8, 1 and 1.75 μg kg−1 for OTA, AFB1, and ZEN, respectively. InAs analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS; LOD = 3.3 μg kg−1). No sample showed contamination by OTA. AFB1 was present in 2 (4.8%) samples (1.96 and 2.20 μg kg−1), doubling the European maximum permitted level (MPL). Concerning ZEN, 88.89% of the rice samples presented levels above the LOD up to 14.25 µg kg−1 (average of 2.75 µg kg−1). Regarding InAs, every sample presented concentration values above the LOD up to 100.0 µg kg−1 (average of 35.3 µg kg−1), although none surpassed the MPL (200 µg kg−1). No correlation was observed between mycotoxins and InAs contamination. As for human exposure, only AFB1 surpassed the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake. Children were recognized as the most susceptible group.
Application of an Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Fluorescent Polymer for the Detection of Proteolytic Venom Toxins
Authors: Wachtel Eric , Bittenbinder Matyas A. , van de Velde Bas , Slagboom Julien , de Monts de Savasse Axel , Alonso Luis L. , Casewell Nicholas R. , Vonk Freek J. , Kool Jeroen
Published: April 2023

The cytotoxicity caused by snake venoms is a serious medical problem that greatly contributes to the morbidity observed in snakebite patients. The cytotoxic components found in snake venoms belong to a variety of toxin classes and may cause cytotoxic effects by targeting a range of molecular structures, including cellular membranes, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cytoskeleton. Here, we present a high-throughput assay (384-well plate) that monitors ECM degradation by snake venom toxins via the application of fluorescent versions of model ECM substrates, specifically gelatin and collagen type I. Both crude venoms and fractionated toxins of a selection of medically relevant viperid and elapid species, separated via size-exclusion chromatography, were studied using the self-quenching, fluorescently labelled ECM–polymer substrates. The viperid venoms showed significantly higher proteolytic degradation when compared to elapid venoms, although the venoms with higher snake venom metalloproteinase content did not necessarily exhibit stronger substrate degradation than those with a lower one. Gelatin was generally more readily cleaved than collagen type I. In the viperid venoms, which were subjected to fractionation by SEC, two (B. jararaca and C. rhodostoma, respectively) or three (E. ocellatus) active proteases were identified. Therefore, the assay allows the study of proteolytic activity towards the ECM in vitro for crude and fractionated venoms.
Biomonitoring of 19 Mycotoxins in Plasma from Food-Producing Animals (Cattle, Poultry, Pigs, and Sheep)
Authors: Muñoz-Solano Borja , González-Peñas Elena
Published: April 2023

Mycotoxins are of great concern in relation to food safety. When animals are exposed to them, health problems, economic losses in farms and related industries, and the carryover of these compounds to animal-derived foods can occur. Therefore, control of animal exposure is of great importance. This control may be carried out by analyzing raw material and/or feed or through the analysis of biomarkers of exposure in biological matrixes. This second approach has been chosen in the present study. Firstly, a methodology capable of analyzing mycotoxins and some derivatives (AFB1, OTA, ZEA, DON, 3- and 15-ADON, DOM-1, T-2, HT-2, AFM1, STER, NEO, DAS, FUS-X, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTB, and NIV) by LC-MS/MS in human plasma, has been revalidated to be applied in animal plasma. Secondly, this methodology was used in 80 plasma samples obtained from animals dedicated to food production: cattle, pigs, poultry, and sheep (20 samples of each), with and without being treated with a mixture of β-glucuronidase-arylsulfatase to determine possible glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Without enzymatic treatment, no mycotoxin was detected in any of the samples. Only one sample from poultry presented levels of DON and 3- and 15-ADON. With enzymatic treatment, only DON (1 sample) and STER were detected. The prevalence of STER was 100% of the samples, without significant differences among the four species; however, the prevalence and levels of this mycotoxin in the previously analyzed feed were low. This could be explained by the contamination of the farm environment. Animal biomonitoring can be a useful tool to assess animal exposure to mycotoxins. However, for these studies to be carried out and to be useful, knowledge must be increased on appropriate biomarkers for each mycotoxin in different animal species. In addition, adequate and validated analytical methods are needed, as well as knowledge of the relationships between the levels found in biological matrices and mycotoxin intake and toxicity.
The Involvement of Ubiquitination and SUMOylation in Retroviruses Infection and Latency
Authors: Liang Taizhen , Li Guojie , Lu Yunfei , Hu Meilin , Ma Xiancai
Published: April 2023

Retroviruses, especially the pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), have severely threatened human health for decades. Retroviruses can form stable latent reservoirs via retroviral DNA integration into the host genome, and then be temporarily transcriptional silencing in infected cells, which makes retroviral infection incurable. Although many cellular restriction factors interfere with various steps of the life cycle of retroviruses and the formation of viral latency, viruses can utilize viral proteins or hijack cellular factors to evade intracellular immunity. Many post-translational modifications play key roles in the cross-talking between the cellular and viral proteins, which has greatly determined the fate of retroviral infection. Here, we reviewed recent advances in the regulation of ubiquitination and SUMOylation in the infection and latency of retroviruses, focusing on both host defense- and virus counterattack-related ubiquitination and SUMOylation system. We also summarized the development of ubiquitination- and SUMOylation-targeted anti-retroviral drugs and discussed their therapeutic potential. Manipulating ubiquitination or SUMOylation pathways by targeted drugs could be a promising strategy to achieve a “sterilizing cure” or “functional cure” of retroviral infection.
Elevated Antibody Titers to Epstein–Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in Patients with Drug-Induced Lupus
Authors: Knudsen Julie , Trier Nicole Hartwig , Draborg Anette Holck , Nielsen Christoffer Tandrup , Jacobsen Søren , Højrup Peter , Houen Gunnar
Published: April 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, which has been associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Drug-induced lupus (DIL) is a lupus-like disease caused by the intake of therapeutic drugs, which has been estimated to cause approximately 10–15% of lupus-like cases. Although SLE and DIL share common clinical symptoms, there are some fundamental differences between DIL and SLE onset. Moreover, it remains to be examined whether environmental factors, such as EBV and CMV infections, may contribute to the development of DIL. This study focused on examining the possible association between DIL and EBV and CMV infections, by examining IgG titers to EBV and CMV antigens in serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Antibody titers to EBV early antigen–diffuse and CMV pp52 were found to be significantly elevated in both SLE and DIL patients compared to healthy controls, although no correlation was found for antibodies to the two virus antigens in the respective disease groups. Moreover, total IgG titers were reduced in SLE and DIL serum samples, which may reflect a general lymphocytopenia, which commonly is associated with SLE. The current findings support that EBV and CMV infections may contribute to the development of DIL and that onset of both diseases are related.
Interactions of Tomato Chlorosis Virus p27 Protein with Tomato Catalase Are Involved in Viral Infection
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , Zang Lianyi , Liu Xiaoying , Jiang Shanshan , Zhang Xianping , Zhao Dan , Shang Kaijie , Zhou Tao , Zhu Changxiang , Zhu Xiaoping
Published: April 2023

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) severely threatens tomato production worldwide. P27 is known to be involved in virion assembly, but its other roles in ToCV infection are unclear. In this study, we found that removal of p27 reduced systemic infection, while ectopic expression of p27 promoted systemic infection of potato virus X in Nicotiana benthamiana. We determined that Solanum lycopersicum catalases (SlCAT) can interact with p27 in vitro and in vivo and that amino acids 73 to 77 of the N-terminus of SlCAT represent the critical region for their interaction. p27 is distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its coexpression with SlCAT1 or SlCAT2 changes its distribution in the nucleus. Furthermore, we found that silencing of SlCAT1 and SlCAT2 can promote ToCV infection. In conclusion, p27 can promote viral infection by binding directly to inhibit anti-ToCV processes mediated by SlCAT1 or SlCAT2.
Seasonal and Spatial Variations in the Optical Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Huma River Basin, China
Authors: Zhang Daoping , Meng Fansheng , Wang Yeyao , Zhang Lingsong , Xue Hao , Liang Zhuming , Zhang Jiasheng
Published: April 2023

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in the global carbon cycle. The Huma River Basin (HRB) in China is affected by humic substances in its forests with high background values. DOM in the HRB was studied using spectroscopic techniques combined with statistical analysis in order to better understand its characteristics in natural waters affected by humic substances in forests. UV-visible parameters showed that the DOM predominantly consisted of aromatic and high-molecular-weight natural organic matter. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) recognized four characteristic components, representing humic-like substances (C1, C2, and C3) and protein-like substances (C4). Fluorescence parameters showed that the allochthonous terrestrially-derived DOM had a humic character. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra characterized the structure of DOM, containing aromatic, aliphatic, carbohydrate, and protein compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that humic-like components explained approximately 86.7% of the total variance, suggesting that terrestrial humic-like substances were dominant in the HRB. Correlation coefficient matrix analysis indicated that CODMn and DOC were mainly derived from humic-like substances. The results demonstrated that the background value in the HRB was mainly attributed to terrestrial humic-like substances. Such knowledge could assist in monitoring and managing rivers with high background values.
Growth and competitions of the Australian red-claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) in Thailand: the experimental approaches
Authors: Jutagate Tuantong , Kwangkhwang Wachira , Saowakoon Samnao
Published: April 2023

The Australian red-claw crayfish (RCC) Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens 1868) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Parastacidae) has been introduced and promoted for freshwater aquaculture in many countries including Thailand. This study i) evaluates the growth performance of RCC in near-natural conditions relative to captive conditions and ii) investigates how successfully RCC can compete with a trophically and functionally analogous native species. Growth of RCC was compared among two aquaculture systems (concrete tank and earthen pond) and a treatment with simulated natural conditions. After 12 months of rearing, total length and weight were greatest in the earthen pond and poorest in the near-natural treatment, with significant differences in total length between the near-natural treatment and the two culture systems. Length-weight relationships showed that the RCC had positive allometry in the culture systems but negative allometry in the near-natural treatment. Competition was evaluated by means of a biotic resistance test and an additive–substitutive experiment between RCC and the native freshwater crab Esanthelphusa dugasti (Rathbun, 1902) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae). Specific growth rates after 90 days of the experiments suggest that the crab inhibited growth of RCC. This implies that the invasion of RCC in Thai waters could be limited by competition from resident freshwater crabs.
Element composition of extracts of common spruce cones
Authors:   FSBEI HE Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Semakin D.O. , Gulyaev D.K. ,   FSBEI HE Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Belonogova V.D. ,   FSBEI HE Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Soboleva A.V. ,   FSBEI HE Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Svetlakova V.S. ,   FSBEI HE Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: April 2023

Trace elements are an integral part of any plant and animal organism.The pharmacological effect of herbal raw materials is due not only to the main active substance, but also to the chemical elements that make up herbal medicinal preparations. Previously, studies were carried out on the wood composition, as well as the polysaccharide complex from spruce cones [1], [2]. The object of this study are common spruce cones harvested on the territory of the Ilyinsky district, Perm Region. The determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of elements in extracts of common spruce cones was carried out on the X-ray fluorescence QUANT’X spectrometer from Thermo Scientific. The results obtained by the authors demonstrate the content of microelements and ultramicroelements of a fractional extract from the raw material of the studied plant.
Current state of research in the field of transdermal dosage forms
Authors:   Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute — branch of the FSBEI HE Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tokaev V. V.
Published: April 2023

Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) open up new opportunities for targeted delivery of long-acting drugs. One of the urgent and high-tech problems in the TTS creation has been the search for biocompatible TTS components, including drug transfer activators. Despite the complexity of creating transdermal forms, the number of medicinal substances delivered by percutaneous diffusion is gradually increasing. A significant disadvantage of nifedipine is its low solubility in water, which significantly affects the degree of release of the pharmaceutical substance from the base of the drug. Due to the absence of nifedipine-based transdermal therapeutic systems on the pharmaceutical market, their development in order to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of a pharmaceutical substance is an urgent problem of modern pharmacy.
Physical Layer Authentication in the Internet of Vehicles based on Signal Propagation Attribute Prediction
Authors: Umar Mubarak , Wang Jiandong , Liu Lei , Guo Zewei , Wang Shuguang
Published: April 2023

Physical layer authentication (PLA) has emerged as a promising alternative to complex cryptographic-based authentication schemes, especially for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) scenarios with resource-limited onboard units (OBUs). However, the existing PLA schemes securing the IoV against GPS location spoofing/falsification attacks consider only insider attackers. Moreover, they cannot be used by mobile vehicles to validate GPS locations. To address these issues, this paper proposes a PLA scheme based on the Gaussian process (GP) path loss prediction, where channel state information (CSI) is used to track the variation of the channel characteristics and predict the next legitimate path loss (PL) of the signal from a transmitter for authentication. The key ideas in the proposed scheme are to first establish a mapping between the historical CSI attributes and PL features of the transmitter’s signal and use this mapping to predict the next PL, which is then used to cross-verify the transmitter’s reported location information. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted using generated radio channel characteristics from the quasideterministic radio channel generator (QuaDRiGa) to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results of the experiments show that our system efficiently addressed the limitations of the existing works and improves the authentication performance in IoV environments.
Penegakan Hukum Dalam Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah Menurut Perpres Peraturan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2021 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengadaan Barang /Jasa Pemerintah.(Studi Kasus Putusan Pttun Surabaya Nomor
Authors: Fahruddin Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Pemerintah melakukan banyak usaha untuk meningkatkan mutu sumber daya manusia, salah satunya dengan melakukan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah yang dilakukan instansi-instansi pemerintahan. Negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum yang sedang membangun (developing country), dimana pada saat ini sedang giat melaksanakan pembangunan di semua bidang. Pembangunan adalah usaha untuk menciptakan kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Pengadaan yang menggunakan penyedia barang dan jasa baik sebagai badan usaha maupun perorangan, pada dasarnya dilakukan melalui pemilihan penyedia barang dan jasa. Pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah dengan cara pengadaan langsung dilakukan oleh pejabat pengadaan dengan cara membeli barang atau membayar jasa secara langsung kepada penyedia barang dan jasa, tanpa melalui proses tender atau seleksi. Pengadaan langsung pada hakekatnya merupakan biasa dimana antara penyedia yang memiliki barang dan jasa pengadaan yang membutuhkan barang dan jasa terdapat kesepakatan untuk melakukan tender barang dan jasa dengan harga yang tertentu.
La datation des documents marseillais entre les XIe et XIIIe siècles
Authors: Salvatori Enrica
Published: April 2023

La documentation marseillaise des XIe-XIIIe siècle s’est révélée un terrain privilégié pour étudier les différents usages d’expression de la date dans l’Occident médiéval. À partir des actes du cartulaire de Saint-Victor de Marseille (pour le XIe siècle), de ceux de l’évêque, du chapitre cathédral et des vicomtes (pour les XIIe-XIIIe siècles), l’étude montre que les styles de datation ont pu varier en fonction des événements locaux, des changements institutionnels et des poussées de la vie sociale et économique. Ainsi, le style pisan, présent dès le XIe siècle dans le Midi, s’impose à partir des années 1160 comme un moyen de datation de la ville, à un moment où se mettent en place le consulat et le notariat municipal – phénomène comparable aux cités italiennes – et où l’influence de Pise grandit dans le golfe du Lion. Une rupture nette s’opère en 1223, qui semble correspondre à l’arrivée du vicomte-podestat Geoffroy Reforciat : par une décision probablement institutionnelle, le style florentin est adopté sans restriction par les notaires marseillais, avec une facilité qui suggère que le caractère fonctionnel du système de datation primait désormais sur sa valeur identitaire.
Une communauté villageoise face à l’insécurité : la défense de Sérignan (Hérault) dans la deuxième moitié du XIVe siècle
Authors: Mukai Shinya
Published: April 2023

À partir du milieu du XIVe siècle, la guerre entre les rois d’Angleterre et de France touche plus directement qu’avant le Languedoc. À la suite de la trêve de Brétigny-Calais en 1360, un grand nombre de gens d’armes sont licenciés, formant des bandes de routiers qui pillent le pays pour leur propre compte. Cette situation très grave suscite un mouvement défensif d’une grande ampleur de la part de la royauté, des seigneurs et des populations. Cependant, à cause de l’incapacité seigneuriale et royale à protéger suffisamment chaque village, la communauté villageoise est forcée d’assurer elle-même sa sécurité et devient active en matière défensive, de son propre chef, ou par injonction seigneuriale ou royale. Cet article cherche à montrer comment une communauté villageoise, en l’occurrence Sérignan (Hérault), répond à la nécessité de se défendre face à l’insécurité montante. Le village de Sérignan offre en effet, grâce à sa richesse documentaire, un terrain privilégié pour une étude de cas de la mise en défense d’un village, permettant de comprendre à la fois les interventions seigneuriales et royales, mais aussi toutes les facettes des activités défensives de la communauté villageoise, ainsi que leurs répercussions dans ses relations extérieures.
L’héritage des Albret de Vayres-Langoiran au coeur de la guerre de Cent Ans
Authors: Courroux Pierre
Published: April 2023

Le présent article retrace tout d’abord le destin des derniers représentants d’une branche cadette de la famille d’Albret, les seigneurs de Vayres et de Langoiran, dont les terres occupaient une place de premier plan dans la Guyenne anglaise. Après l’appel fait au roi de France par le comte d’Armagnac et le seigneur d’Albret en 1368, les Albret de Vayres-Langoiran furent tiraillés entre la fidélité à leur seigneur lige anglais et les liens familiaux qui les poussaient vers le roi de France. Lorsque Bérard III, dernier représentant de cette lignée, mourut sans enfant en 1378 ou 1379, il laissa derrière lui quatre soeurs et plusieurs tantes qui réclamèrent son héritage selon les coutumes de Bordeaux. Mais les deux principaux prétendants furent le sire de Montferrand, son beau-frère, partisan du roi d’Angleterre, et le sire d’Albret, son cousin, partisan du roi de France. Alors commença une querelle de plus de 70 ans qui opposa les deux familles, mais aussi les deux royaumes ennemis, le destin de ces terres étant indissociablement lié aux péripéties de la guerre. Il fallut attendre 1455 pour que les deux camps parviennent à un compromis, qui fut conclu en faveur des Albret.
La jurade de Bordeaux durant le siège de Blaye (1406-1407) : peurs, intrigues et trahisons
Authors: Baggio Jacques
Published: April 2023

Au début du XVe siècle, les préparatifs de siège des armées françaises autour des places fortes de l’estuaire de la Gironde – principalement Blaye – menacent l’intégrité du duché de Guyenne et particulièrement la puissance politique et économique de la ville de Bordeaux. De ce fait, la classe dirigeante bordelaise, par le truchement de la jurade, prend en charge la mise en défense de sa barbacane afin d’éviter le blocus des voies fluviales – enjeu stratégique et vital – à destination de l’Angleterre. Mais elle se doit également de prévenir et d’annihiler toute forme de complot, d’intrigue et autre trahison ainsi que toute désinformation émanant des manoeuvres diplomatiques ennemies, et susceptibles de provoquer des renversements d’obédience fréquents dans le contexte la guerre de Cent Ans. Il en allait de la pérennité de l’autonomie politique et de l’hégémonie commerciale de l’oligarchie bordelaise.
« Bien des choses se passent icy qu’il serait intéressant de scavoir » : les lettres de Jean-Louis Garac, étudiant gascon dans le Paris révolutionnaire (1788-1790)
Authors: Roulot Claire
Published: April 2023

Von November 1788 bis April 1790 befand sich der junge Medizinstudent Jean-Louis Garac aus der Gascogne in Paris. Im Briefwechsel mit seinem Vater berichtet er über die Hauptstadt, sein Studentenleben und natürlich auch über die revolutionären Ereignisse vor Ort. Die Korrespondenz zeigt eine zunehmende Politisierung des jungen Mannes und welche politischen Positionen er im Einklang mit seinen persönlichen Überzeugungen und dem Interesse seiner Familie einnimmt.
La guillotine à Toulouse et en Haute-Garonne : autour de l’échafaud révolutionnaire (1792-1799)
Authors: Débat Guillaume
Published: April 2023

Cet article porte sur la guillotine et sur l’étude de la justice et de la répression pénale au cours de la décennie révolutionnaire à Toulouse. Nous avons abordé cette question chronologiquement, faisant ainsi apparaître trois périodes distinctes : juillet 1792-septembre 1793 tout d’abord, une «Terreur » toulousaine entre septembre 1793 et le printemps 1794 ensuite et, enfin, la réaction thermidorienne et le Directoire. Toulouse répond à un modèle particulier, différent du modèle parisien : les événements qui se déroulent dans la capitale influent moins sur le cours de la Révolution dans la «Ville rose » que les réalités strictement locales. Ainsi, l’accroissement du nombre des décapitations entre septembre 1793 et avril 1794 est à relier avec la guerre du Roussillon. Le basculement, lors de la réaction thermidorienne et du Directoire, vers une guillotine utilisée dans la punition des crimes de droit commun trouve quant à lui une explication dans la conjonction de plusieurs dynamiques : rejet de la guillotine politique et défense renforcée de la propriété privée à l’échelle nationale, et volonté d’apaisement des tensions politiques à l’échelle locale.
Les conseils municipaux des communes rurales sous le Consulat et l’Empire : le cas des Hautes-Pyrénées
Authors: Fujihara Shota
Published: April 2023

Die französische Konsulatsregierung beschloss per Gesetz am 28. Pluviôse des Jahres VIII die Gemeinderäte wiedereinzuführen. In dieser Studie geht es um die
Les routes des Pétrucores : un état de la question
Authors: Elizagoyen Vanessa , Gaillard Hervé
Published: April 2023

Cette notice dresse un état des lieux de la recherche archéologique concernant les routes antiques en Périgord. Les indices archéologiques sont rares et malheureusement peu enrichis par les apports de l’archéologie préventive ces vingt dernières années. La totalité des données est en cours de compilation et de pondération. Elle sera cartographiée sous SIG et permettra d’émettre de nouvelles hypothèses sur le réseau viaire des Pétrucores.
Sur la voie romaine de la vallée d’Aspe
Authors: Bost Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2023

El Summus Pyrenaus, situado sobre la vía romana que unía Caesaraugusta, Zaragoza, con Beneharnum, Lescar, Pyrénées-Atlantiques (It. Ant. 452.6 – 453.3), ha sido localizado desde antiguo en el puerto del Somport, que ha conservado el topónimo. Hace más de medio siglo, esta localización fue puesta en duda siguiendo un argumento arqueológico aparentemente decisivo que demostraba que sólo el puerto de Pau (Puerto de Palo) presentaba un firme de calzada apto a la circulación de vehículos. El objetivo de esta contribución es demostrar que dicha hipótesis no es admisible y que, allí como en todas partes en las montañas, las condiciones de circulación impedían el paso continuo de los coches tirados por animales e imponían el uso de mulas.
Spécificités de l’habitat groupé du Haut-Empire dans la moyenne montagne arverne : nouveaux apports et réflexions à partir d’études de cas (Puy-de-Dôme, Cantal)
Authors: Calbris Maxime , Baret Florian , Delhoofs Hervé , Ganne Pierre M.
Published: April 2023

La présence de plusieurs habitats groupés du Haut-Empire dans la moyenne montagne de la cité des Arvernes, jusqu’à 1250 m d’altitude, pose la question de leurs spécificités par rapport aux sites de plaine. Le renouvellement des données archéologiques sur les sites de Beauclair/ Fines, Blot-l’Église, Allanche et Landeyrat, grâce à des opérations réalisées depuis une dizaine d’années, permet d’apporter un éclairage nouveau à la problématique des agglomérations en montagne. Après avoir présenté les sites et résumé les derniers résultats obtenus, l’objectif de la contribution est de proposer les prémices d’une analyse portant sur la morphologie et la monumentalisation de ces établissements, puis d’exposer les indices des activités économiques qui y étaient pratiquées. Le développement se fonde sur les observations archéologiques anciennes et récentes dans la perspective d’un discours global et dialectique entre plaine et montagne.
Assessment of nutritional status by MNA scale and the elderly’s eating habits from some communes in Hue city
Authors: Hoang Thi Bach Yen , Tran Thi Thu Dieu , Nguyen Thi Minh Thu , Vo Thi Tham , Nguyen Thi Bich Phuong , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong , Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhan , Bui Thi Phuong Anh , Vo Van Minh Quan , Hoang Anh Tien
Published: April 2023

Background: The nutritional status of the elderly is important but not being considered properly. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and understand the eating habits of the elderly from some communes in Hue city as well as to study the relationship between nutritional status and eating habits of the study subjects. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by interviewing 408 people aged 60 and over who were living in Hue city using a pre-prepared questionnaire and MNA scale. Results: The prevalence of the elderly who were at risk of undernutrition and undernutrition were 33.8% and 2.2%, respectively. The age group with the highest risk of undernutrition was 60-74 years old (30.8%). Most of the subjects had a habit of stir-fry processing (24.5%) and boiled/steamed/water-bathed their food (24.2%). Most of the elderly used vegetable oil for processing and cooking (98.5%). The percentage of the elderly who used frying oil/fat many times accounted for 39.4%. There was 26.5% of the elderly used herbs and 25.5% of them used salty spices. 97.5% of the elderly did not use a spice measuring device when cooking. Most of them using food that was being tasted by the cook (84.9%). Only 25.7% of the elderly had the habit of reading food labels in which only 11.5% reading nutritional information. The percentage of the elderly who ate enough three primary meals/day was 94.1%; 14.5% of families have menus for the elderly; 53.9% of the elderly consumed more than 1500 ml fluids per day. The percentage of the elderly who ate fruit daily, had an average amount of vegetables > 300 g per day and used milk and dairy products every day were 7.6%, 21.6% and 41.7%, respectively. Some factors significantly related to nutritional status (p < 0.05) were eating under 3 primary meals per day, consuming ≤ 1500 ml of fluids per day, the family did not have a separated menu for the elderly. Conclusion: The prevalence of the elderly who were at risk of undernutrition and undernutrition in Hue city is quite high (36%). It is necessary to guide the elderly to have age-appropriate eating habits to ensure health.
Key words: Nutritional status, the elderly, eating habits, MNA
Study on the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of the abridged Vietnamese version of the Qi Blood Yin Yang Deficiency Pattern (QBYYDP) questionnaire on the elderly
Authors: Nguyen Thi Kim Lien , Nguyen Thi Hong Linh , Nguyen Quang Tam
Published: April 2023

Background: The theory of Qi, blood, yin, and yang is one of the significant dialectics in the traditional practice of medicine in the elderly. Objective: Research on the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of the abridged Vietnamese version of the Qi Blood Yin Yang Deficiency Pattern (QBYYDP) questionnaire on the elderly. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 elderly who came for treatment at Thua Thien Hue Traditional Medicine Hospital. Result: The abridged Vietnamese version of the Qi Blood Yin Yang Deficiency Pattern (QBYYDP) questionnaire on the elderly consists of 27 questions (male: 26 questions and female: 27 questions) with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.895 (male) and 0.871 (female), the sensitivities Qi deficiency region, Blood deficiency region, Yin deficiency region, and Yang deficiency region were: 62.50%, 66.67%, 44.12%, 37.5% (male), 63.04% (female), respectively; the specificity 95.9%, 50.89%, 76.95%, 69.49% (male) and 75.74% (female), respectively, the area under the ROC curve of the questionnaires were > 0.6. Conclusion: The abridged Vietnamese version of the Qi Blood Yin Yang Deficiency Pattern (QBYYDP) questionnaire on the elderly with high consistency and reliability assessed through Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The value of the Qi deficiency region has a high specificity and is distinguishable between two groups with diseased and non-diseased well. Although it is possible to take the Blood deficiency region, Yin deficiency region, and Yang deficiency region for clinical reference, the sensitivity and specificity are low, and the ability to distinguish the disease is moderate or poor.
Key words: reliability, validity, questionnaire, Qi Blood Yin Yang deficiency pattern, the elderly.
Relato de caso: Lupus eritematoso sistemico com manifestaçao de nefrite lúpica em paciente do sexo masculino
Authors: Gregório Walter West , Nascimento Brenno Victor dos Santos
Published: April 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: O Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) é uma doença inflamatória crônica, de natureza autoimune, que pode afetar múltiplos sistemas, sendo a nefrite lúpica a principal causa de morbimortalidade. O LES no sexo masculino tem uma maior gravidade e maior mortalidade devido a progressão da doença renal. Neste artigo iremos relatar a evolução clínica de um paciente do sexo masculino de 20 anos com diagnostico de nefrite lúpica. OBJETIVO: Relato de caso em que houve acometimento renal (nefrite) secundário ao LES em um paciente do sexo masculino, a fim de ajudar em pesquisas clínicas e resolução de novos casos, apresentando evolução do paciente diante o tratamento. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um relato de caso de um paciente do sexo masculino cujo acompanhamento e tratamento foram feitos pelo médico residente em conjunto com a preceptoria médica da Fundação de Beneficência Hospital de Cirurgia/SE, sendo usado como material o prontuário do paciente e comparado com referências bibliográficas existentes sobre o tema. Foi obtido o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido do paciente. DISCUSSÃO: Descrevemos a evolução do quadro clínico de um paciente do sexo masculino com diagnóstico e tratamento para o quadro de nefrite lúpica, desde a suspeita e diagnóstico da patologia, passando pelas fases de seu tratamento até o momento em que foi realizado o estudo. Conclusão: Os dados coletados enfatizam a importância do diagnóstico precoce, do acompanhamento médico periódico e do tratamento precoce, adequado e continuo com melhoria no desfecho do processo saúde-doença.
Análise temporal das atividades de extensão da graduação em biotecnologia - 2010-2019
Authors: Sinott Airton , Dos Santos Ana Lara Jardim , Rocha Beatriz Helena Gomes , Dutra Davi Barwaldt , Zugno Giuliana Petiz , Dode Luciana Bicca , Bobrowski Vera Lucia
Published: April 2023

Atividades extensionistas representam  um dos pilares da  formação universitária, compondo conjuntamente  a pesquisa e o ensino as bases da almejada formação acadêmica cidadã e socialmente comprometida . O Curso de Bacharelado em  Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas  integra o Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTEC), e promove diversas atividades de extensão desde  2010. Esta pesquisa teve como propósito compilar as ações de extensão registradas no período de 2010 à 2019, registrando de forma organizada  programas e projetos e quantificando os  esforços  extensionistas da comunidade acadêmica. Foram reunidos os dados compreendendo o período 2010-2019 disponibilizados   nos sistemas Cobalto e SIEX.  Ao todo, o curso de biotecnologia desenvolveu no período mais de 17 projetos de extensão, contando com significativa  participação e envolvimento da comunidade acadêmica reforçando a vocação  do curso e o compromisso em  prol da popularização da ciência e da biotecnologia.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Molecular Detection of Integrons, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim Resistance of Extra Drug-Resistant Escherichiacoli Isolates
Authors: Sabeti Zahra , Soheili Vahid , Aflakian Fatemeh , Hashemitabar Gholamreza , Askari Badouei Mahdi
Published: April 2023

Background: Escherichia coli, a gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent for approximately 80% of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTI treatment has resulted in the overuse of antibiotics in hospitals and communities, and subsequently the increase of antimicrobial resistance. The emergence of extensively drug resistance (XDR) strains has become a costly and dangerous challenge in the treatment of most bacterial infections and UTIs. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of XDR isolates and investigate the distribution of common sulfonamide- (sul1, sul2, & sul3) and trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA12, & dfrA14)-related resistance genes among E. coli isolates from UTI patients. Furthermore, the isolates were sought for the presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons (Int1 & Int2) among XDR E. coli isolates. Materials and Methods: 120 uropathogenic-E. coli isolates recovered from UTI cases in Mashhad were assessed in 2017-2019. Overall, 39 out of 120 isolates were identified as XDR isolates as they were resistant to all classes of tested antibiotics, except for two or fewer comprising quinolones (first and second generation), cephalosporins (first and third generation), penicillins, tetracyclines, and sulfonamide-trimethoprim. Results: The antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results determined a substantial resistance rate against cloxacillin (98.3%), oxacillin (98.3%), and cephalexin (94.17%). According to polymerase-chain reaction results, sul1 and dfrA14 genes with the frequency of 35 (89.74%) and 28 (71.79%) were identified as the most prevalent resistant genes among XDR isolates. In addition, int1 and int2 genes were detected among 23 (58.9%) and 8 (20.5%) XDR isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the substantial distribution of sul1 and dfrA14 genes was highlighted among XDR E. coli isolates recovered from UTI. Conclusion: Based on the present research findings, class I integrons play a major role in the dissemination of resistance gene cassettes, including sul and dfr in XDR isolates, and should be investigated in the future.
Are There any Association Between Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in Dental and Periodontal Diseases? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Taghipour Ali , Rezanezhad Hassan , Solhjoo Kavous , Abdoli Amir , Eslami Meghdad , Foroutan Masoud , Fathi Atefeh , Haghparast Zahra , Bahadori Saeed
Published: April 2023

There are frequent epidemiological and experimental proofs to propose that Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax infections are ignored factors for the development of dental and periodontal diseases. For a more comprehensive review, the present study was designed and conducted, including a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for retrieving related reports up to December 01, 2019. Finally, 48 studies (a total of 70 datasets), including 30 datasets with case-control designs (1711 patients and 614 controls) and 40 datasets with cross-sectional designs (a total of 7257 participants) met the eligibility criteria. Based on the random-effects model, the pooled prevalence of protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients was estimated to be 25.2% (95% CI, 21.2-29.8%; 2210/8968). In case-control designed studies, the prevalence of protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients (35.8%, 614/1711) was found to be significantly higher than in controls (14.4%, 198/1371; OR: 4.15, 95% CI: 2.92-5.92). In addition, E. gingivalis (OR: 3.81, 95% CI: 2.36-6.14) and T. tenax (OR: 5.08, 95% CI: 2.81-9.20) were significantly higher in dental and periodontal patients compared to the controls. Our results demonstrated an apparently significant association between these protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients. In conclusion, more standardized experimental designs are proposed using the animal model, and longitudinal (cohort) studies support the association between these protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients to understand whether E. gingivalis and T. tenax infections are a co-factor in the development of dental and periodontal patients.
Gender Equity in Hospitals: An Italian case Study
Authors: Gravili Ginevra , Loia Francesca
Published: April 2023

The topic of gender equity is increasingly cited as a goal of health policy despite the rise in the number of female doctors around the world, and attempts to enhance gender awareness have gained prominence. Recently, initiatives to increase gender awareness have been numerous nevertheless, the topic of gender equity in the medical profession has not been adequately assessed. In order to fill this gap, this paper examines the current state of gender equity literature in hospitals, with a systematic literature review on Scopus, and, then, it focuses on an Italian case study to identify the characteristics that obstacle or support gender equity in terms of salary, career, and professionalism. The finding highlighted some reflections regarding the roles in the Italian hospitals and obstacles to gender equity, such as the stereotyped judgments, as well as shed light on new considerations regarding the actions aimed at managing gender disparity in such working environments. This has important implications for practice in health care organizations and human resource management, which are highlighted in conclusion, together with the limitations and future research avenues.