bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of multifunctional compositions based on Rheum rhaponticum L. extracts for the elaboration of plant protection products
Authors: Gladcaia A. A.
Published: August 2020

Relevance.Extract-based compositions, combining various types of biological activity were created and tested, to reveal the potential of genus Rheum (Polygonaceae)plants bioactive substances. The aim of the work was to determine the composition of bioactive substances in R. rhaponticum L. plants extracts and assess the possibility of their use as a means of protecting vegetable plants from powdery mildew.

Materials and methods. The methods of cultivation and research of R.rhaponticum plant materials was carried out at the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova (2012-2019). The subject of our study the bioactive substances of rhubarb roots and leaves were used.

Results.The localization zones of anthracene derivatives were identified: in the main parenchyma of the secondary cortex and the parenchyma of the core rays of the rhubarb root. The amount of flavonoids and phenols in the root extract is 2 times more than in the leaf extract. To study the fungicidal and stimulating properties of rhubarb root extract in the control of powdery mildew, we conducted studies in a greenhouse on vegetable plants using artificial infection of seedlings. It was found that the chlorophyll transmittance index of leaves treated with rhubarb root extract increases until the concentration of the extract (R) reaches 1.5% (157.3 rel. units)(In the control – 119.2 rel. units). With increasing concentration of the extract to 2%, the chlorophyll index falls 1.2 times lower than the control values. The highest immunostimulating and fungicidal activity, intensifying with the addition of rhubarb leaf extract, was shown by rhubarb root extract. Its biological effectiveness was high at any intervals between treatment and infection (4 and 72 hours), and was directly proportional to concentration. Adding rhubarb leaf extract to the rhubarb root extract enhances the activity of the composition, and the risk of developing pesticide resistance among plant pathogens decreased.
Vowel Perception and Transcription Trainer for Learners of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Šimáčková Šárka , Podlipský Václav Jonáš
Published: August 2020

We use the freely available program Praat to create a vowel-training application for learners of English familiar with IPA transcription. The application is easy to operate, allowing users to change the training difficulty, providing the listeners with immediate feedback, and adapting to their performance during a training session. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Trainer, performance of 59 Czech learners during a single training session and across multiple sessions was tracked. Results showed improvement both between sessions and within sessions. In the final training session, vowel identification accuracy showed considerable resistance to gradual addition of increasing levels of noise. Testing the trainer with additional 52 learners showed significantly higher error-rates for low-frequency words and supported the importance of top-down lexical effect in vowel identification.
In-Service Primary School Teachers’ Account of Phonetically Difficult Words in English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Kapranov Oleksandr
Published: August 2020

This article presents and discusses a mixed-method study that seeks to establish a set of words in the English language that in-service primary school teachers consider difficult to pronounce by young learners of English whose first language (L1) is Norwegian. In the study, 26 in-service primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) are asked to write a reflective essay with a list of phonetically difficult words (henceforth PDWs) in English that they think are difficult to pronounce by young EFL learners. Additionally, the in-service primary school teachers (further – participants) are requested to reflect and comment on PDWs, and explain the reasons why they think they are phonetically difficult. The participants’ individual lists of PDWs are compiled into a corpus which is processed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in order to calculate the frequency of PDWs. The participants’ comments and reflections are subsequently analysed qualitatively in order to establish the sources of PDWs. The results of the investigation reveal that the corpus of PDWs is comprised of 257 lexical items. The most frequent PDWs are associated with those sounds of the English language that are absent in the young EFL learners’ L1, Norwegian, e.g., /θ/ in birthday, /ð/ in this, /z/ in zoo, etc. Other frequent PDWs are related to English spelling conventions (e.g., fruit), the word-initial position of affricates (e.g., chocolate), and word stress (e.g., window). These findings and their linguo-didactic implications are further discussed in the article.
THE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF KELAKAI LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST THE GROWTH OF Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC® 33277™
Authors: Khotimah Destri Khusnul , Krishnawan Firdaus I Wayan Arya , Apriasari Maharani Laillyza
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBackground: Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease that causes damage on periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The severity of periodontitis is caused by several types of bacterial species which one of them is Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria with a prevalence of 85% in oral cavity. The extract of kelakai leaf contained antibacterial in the form of flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and steroid. Flavonoid consists of some chemical compounds which is one of them is quercetin. The level of quercetin in kelakai leaf is 503.56 mgQE/g. From some secondary metabolites, kelakai leaf has inhibitory power toward gram negative bacterial, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Objective: This research was intended to know the activity of inhibitory power of kelakai leaf toward Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. Method: This research was an experimental research consisted of 5 experimental groups that were group of kelakai leaf extract on the concentrations of 100 mh/ml, 75 mg/ml, 50mg/ml, and 25 mg/ml and the control group (0.2% chlorhexidine). Each treatment was done in 4 repetitions. The test of inhibitory power used diffusion method by measuring the inhibitory zone around the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis on Mueller Hinton Agar media. The data were analyzed by using One Way Anova 95% and then continued with LSD. Results: Based on the LSD test, it was known that the extract of Kelakai leaf had inhibitor power activity toward Porphyromonas gingivalis. The highest inhibitory zone was on the concentration of 100 mg/ml with inhibitory zone of 14.61 mm. Conclusion: The extract of kelakai leaf had inhibitory power activity toward Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria in vitro. Keywords: 0.2% chlorhexidine, Diffusion method, Inhibitory power, Stenochlaena palustris extract, Porphyromonas gingivalis.
TREATMENT OF CLASS I MALOCCLUSION WITH MILD CROWDING AND MIDLINE SHIFT
Authors: Triwidianto Edwin , Narmada Ida Bagus
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT  Background: The main goal of orthodontic treatment is to obtain a normal relationship of the teeth with facial structures and it is generally accepted that orthodontic treatment will have effects on facial proportion. Nowadays, facial appearance has a big influence on someone's appearance. Aesthetic facial appearance will produce a proportional, harmonious, and youthful facial profile. Case: this case report aims to describe that non extraction orthodontic treatment in class I malocclusion with mild crowding and mildline shift is a treatment with considerable success. Case management: A 19 years old female came with a chief complaint of crowding in upper and lower jaw. Intraoral examination revealed bilateral Class I molar and canine relationship. Patient had crowding in upper and lower jaw, and midline shift in lower jaw. Extra oral findings included a flat profile with competent lips. Cephalometric analysis showed skeletal class I with orthognati maxilla and mandible. Patient was bonded with 0.022-inch MBT brackets orthodontic appliance without extraction.  After 20 months of treatment, an ideal arch coordination was achieved, the patient felt confident and satisfied with the treatment outcome. Conclusion: Decision to extract a tooth has to be made, not only by considering the amount of crowding, but also the eventual influence of orthodontic tooth displacement on the soft tissue surface of the face. Keywords: Crowding, Midline shift, Non – extraction.
THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF ORAL MEDICINE SPECIALIST IN MANAGEMENT OF STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME PATIENT
Authors: Fitriasari Nuri , Nurtito Eko Rotary , Nur’aeny Nanan , Wahyuni Indah Suasani
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is an acute hypersensitivity reaction that manifests on the skin, oral mucosa, ocular, gastrointestinal, genital and anal area. It is also potentially life-threatening in concern of dehydration and infection. Oral mucosal lesions due to SJS resulted in a significant decrease of patient’s quality of life. When the oral mucosa involved, the intake of nutrients and fluids is disrupted contributing to electrolyte imbalance that aggravates dehydration. Moreover, oral mucosal lesions have become an entry point for infection. Purpose: This case report describes the important role of oral medicine specialists in the management of oral mucosal lesions in SJS patient. Review: A 26-year-old female patient was referred from the Department of Dermatology and Venereology with a diagnosis of SJS et causa suspected paracetamol and/or amoxycillin. The complaints comprised of pain on the lips and oral cavity, difficulty in mouth opening, and pain when swallowing. The management for oral lesions included: history taking, external and intra oral examinations, dexamethasone mouthwash, nystatin oral suspension, and sodium chloride (NaCl) 0.9% solution. The patient showed improvement in oral mucosal lesions within 3 weeks of treatment that was provided by oral medicine specialist and medical team collaboration. Conclusion: Based on this case report, the role of oral medicine specialist is very important as part of the management team for SJS patient. Oral medicine specialist can reduce morbidity that results from oral mucosal involvement. Collaboration with oral medicine specialist since the beginning of treatment is the key to success in SJS management. Keywords: Oral medicine specialist, Oral mucosal lesion, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
KARAKTERISASI MINERAL DAN GEOKIMIA TAILING TAMBANG TIMAH PULAU BANGKA BAGIAN UTARA
Authors: Andini Delita Ega , Sari Fajar Indah Puspita
Published: August 2020

Tailings in this study are the result of Jigs washing in the mining process. This 'mining waste' interesting to study because there is no information that explains the relationship between mineral content and geochemistry so that it has not been widely used. The method used to determine the mineral and geochemical characteristics of tailings is X-ray spectroscopy using XRD and XRF. The mineral found in the tin mine tailings on northern Bangka Island (Pemali, Jebus, Tempilang, and Mapur) is quartz and kaolinite. The trace element shows main Rare Earth Elements (REE) Ce, La, Nd, Sm, Ta, and Y with various concentrations. Radioactive elements are found: Uranium and Yttrium. They are thought to originate from type I granite rocks with acid-to-moderate magma-forming compositions. The affinity of magma forming granite tailings studied was High K Calc Alkaline and Calc-Alkaline. This explains the presence of REE and the radioactive elements in tailings even though they are not present in carrier minerals such as monazite and xenotime.
Musik Tradisional Sampek Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Mulyati Sri Ayu
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to describe organologi and basic techniques of playing traditional musical instruments sampek in East Kalimantan. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. Data analysis was done by the process of categorization, preparation, systematization, and then draw conclusions. Test validation of the data used is source triangulation techniques, techniques da time. Based on this research, it is known that organologi sampek consists of seven parts, the basic techniques of playing sampek have the four stages, and how to play sampek has six stages.Keywords: traditional music, sampek, east kalimantan
Housebuilding of the Itkul Culture population in the subtaiga — forest-steppe Trans-Urals
Authors: Berlina S.V. , Zimina O.Yu.
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the results of the analysis of housebuilding tradition and graphical reconstruction of nine buildings from three stages of the eastern branch of the Itkul Culture (end of the 8th — 6th c. BC): Itkul (end of the 8th — first half of the 7th c. BC); Karagay-Aulsky (second half of the 7th c. BC); and Vak-Kurovsky (6th c. BC). The fortified settlements, whose buildings have been studied, are located in the valley of the Tobol River (subtaiga — northern forest-steppe zone, Western Siberia): Karagai Aul 1; Karagai Aul 4; Vak-Kur 2; and Sanatoriy Lesnye Gorki 1. By means of constrained reconstruction based on the analysis of planigraphy and stratigraphy of the excavation site, basic elements of the building frame, viz., the postholes marking the boundary and belonging to the building structure, were identified. Then the specifics of the building frame, techniques employed in construc-tion of walls and roof, and building materials were determined. In the final step of the reconstruction, a series of drawings of the buildings were created. As a result of the analysis of the building remains, a long-lasting house-building tradition of the western Itkul Culture population has been recorded — the use of a pile-dwelling structure built on the day surface. In terms of the shape, elongated sub-rectangular and polygonal-rounded dwellings have been identified. The wall framework consisted of two pillars joined by a beam at the top. These modules consti-tuted perimeter of the structure and were held together by a second row of joists. The framework of the walls and the ridge beam were fixed to each other by scaffold poles placed on the ridge beam at one end and on the wall joist at the other end. The space between the frame elements was filled with tilted timber logs, whole or split lengthwise, and the walls at the top would be insulated with bark and hay or have a soil filler. The roof of the buil-dings was mainly double-slope and a four-slope roof has been recorded only in one instance. The exit from the building was located in one of the walls, usually the short (face) wall. Annexes (lofts?) have been recorded for four buildings. The pile-dwelling structures of above-ground type have a broad range of territorial and chronological analogies; although in the Tobol River region at the turn of the Bronze to the Early Iron Age they appeared in a developed form. The origins of this phenomenon in the studied territory can be established by further research.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Teh dan Kulit Jeruk Mandarin
Authors: Nitami Siska Febdian , Febriansah Rifki , Fareza Muhammad Salman
Published: August 2020

Senyawa antioksidan berperan penting terhadap kesehatan dan dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya penyakit kronis. Kemampuan utama dari senyawa antioksidan adalah kemampuannya dalan menangkap suatu radikal bebas. Daun teh dan kulit jeruk memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat antioksidan dari kombinasi ekstrak daun teh dan kulit jeruk mandarin dengan metode DPPH. Kombinasi ekstrak etanolik kulit jeruk mandarin dan daun teh terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan yang kuat dengan nilai IC50 83,00 µg/mL.
Determinants of Economic Growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Wulandari Putri Nastiti , Badriah Lilis Siti , Kadarwati Nunik
Published: August 2020

This research aims to analyze the determinants of economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province, consisting of life expectancy, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, purchasing power, labor force participation rate, government investment, and number of tourists on economic growth, and to analyze the dominant variable influencing economic growth. The type of data used in this research is secondary data in the form of panel data with cross sections of 20 regencies/cities and time series for six years (2011-2016). The analytical tool used is panel data regression with fixed effect model. The results show that life expectancy, mean years of schooling, purchasing power, and government investment have a significant effect on economic growth. Whereas expected years of schooling, labor force participation rate, and number of tourists have no significant effect on economic growth. Life expectancy, mean years of schooling, purchasing power, labor force participation rate, government investment, and number of tourists simultaneously affect economic growth.Keywords: Economic Growth, Human Development Index, Labor Force Participation Rate, Government Investment, Number of Tourists.
Behind Rural Tourism: A Tool and a Panacea
Authors: Sudibyo Yudha Aryo , Puspasari Novita , Restianto Yanuar E.
Published: August 2020

After the issuance of the village law, villages in Indonesia are required to be economically independent by utilizing their potentials. This study aims to find out main potentials of villages in Banyumas to be developed into village-owned enterprise business units and explore the reasons why villages choose this potential as a village-owned enterprise business unit. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods using focused group discussion and in-depth interviews. The results of this study indicate that of the seven villages participating in the research, six villages chose rural tourism as the main business unit of their village-owned enterprise. Most villages choose rural tourism because they consider that there has been a successful model of rural tourism enterprises in Indonesia and because rural tourism is considered as a solution to various problems.Keywords: Village Law, Rural Tourism, Village-Owned Enterprise, Village Autonomy.
Agglomeration and Economic Growth in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (2005-2016)
Authors: Artaningtyas Wahyu Dwi , Winarti Asih Sri , Sodik Jamzani
Published: August 2020

The economic growth of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta or DIY) surrounding areas is naturally originated from agglomeration which was driven by the spatial concentration of economic activities including the aspects of space, community level, city scale, and region. This study aims to determine the development and linkages between production agglomeration and population agglomeration to the economic growth that occurs in DIY. The approach used is the estimation method of fixed effect panel data regression using DIY city/regency administration data in 2005-2016.The results showed that population agglomeration had a significant and positive effect on economic growth, while production agglomeration had no effect on economic growth in model I. Whereas in model II, it is known that production and population agglomeration affected economic growth, labor force negatively affected growth, and unemployment positively and significantly affected economic growth. On the other hand, the poverty level and HDI variables have a negative effect on economic growth. Cities/regencies that have a positive fixed cross effect on economic growth are Sleman, Gunungkidul, and Kulonprogo Regency, while Yogya City and Bantul Regency show a negative sign.
Labor Productivity Convergence in Indonesia: Spatially Dynamic Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Novianto Ahmad Fajar , Marsisno Waris
Published: August 2020

The problem of labor productivity in Indonesia is a regional and sectoral inequality. To know the time required to remove inequality, can be measured by the level of convergence of labor productivity. The research would analyze the rate of sectoral labor productivity convergence among provinces in Indonesia spatially and identify the determinant factors of labor productivity. The analytical methods used is spatial dinamic panel data with Spatially Corrected Blundell-Bond (SCBB) estimation method. The results show that there are spatially sectoral labor productivity convergence. Primary sector takes the longest half-life convergence of 7-8 years, while secondary takes 1-2 years and tertiary sector takes 3-4 years. Furthermore, the Gross Capital Fixed Formation, Mean Years of Schooling, and real wage sectoral are significantly have positive affect to the labor productivity while Life Expectancy is significantly have negative affect to labor productivity.Keywords : convergence, spatial analysis, labor productivity
Determinants of Traders’ Income at the Revitalized Vs Non-Revitalized Traditional Wet Market
Authors: Pratami Anindya Rahayu , Priyono Rakhmat , Arintoko Arintoko
Published: August 2020

The modern market has made the wet market have to change its appearance to be able to provide competitiveness with the modern market. Therefore, in this study comparing wet markets that have been revitalized (Manis Market) and not revitalized (Pon Market) in Purwokerto. In this research, to analyze the influence of several factors such as capital, working hours and length of business on the income of traders and to analyze differences in the average income of traders in Manis Market and Pon Market. The data used in this research are primary data taken from 84 respondents from Manis Market  and 55 respondents from Pon Market. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that capital has a significant influence on the income of traders while other factors such as working hours and length of business do not significantly influence the income of traders in the Manis Market. Then the capital and duration of the business have a significant influence on the income of traders while other factors such as working hours do not significantly influence the income of traders in Pon Market. Result of Independent Sample t-test also shows that there are significant differences in the average income of traders between Manis Market and Pon Market. Thus, revitalization is still a factor that can enhance the competitiveness of traditional markets.Keywords: income, capital, working hours, length of business, and revitalization
The Effect of Temephos to Mortality and Life Level of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Pradani Firda Yanuar
Published: August 2020

Temephos is an insecticide active ingredient often used by a community as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) vector control in imago. The development of Ae aegypti is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. This study aimed at determining the effects of temephos concentration on mortality and a life level of Ae aegypti at some concentration tests.The experimental design used in this study was Complete Random Design (CRD). This study involved temephos as the active ingredient and third instar Ae. Aegypti larvae originating from Pangandaran Regency. Data analysis used an ANOVA test with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that there was any influence of concentration towards a number of mortality, a life level, morphology of larvae, pupae and imago, a number of males and females, and a number of eggs hatchability. Temephos concentration affected the mortality of third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti with temephos concentration of 0.019 ppm, 0.069 ppm, 0.105 ppm, and 0.140 ppm and affected a life level of Ae. aegypti with biological parameters.
The Piano: A Psychoanalytic Approach to Movie as A Media of Reflective Teaching
Authors: Wardani Erna
Published: August 2020

Freud’s psychoanalytic approach has been one of the most controversial approaches to many fields of interest. Relating to education and educational psychology, this approach plays a significant role in modifying and enhancing one’s behavioral relationship among the educational elements like educators, parents, and students.  Therefore, in many things, this approach has contributed a lot of inspiration in the development of education.  In literary works, there seems to be a mutual fascination between psychoanalysis and literature whereas theory and approach, psychoanalysis explains literature and literature itself exploits psychoanalysis for creative purposes and works.  Here, as a creative work, movie is considered literature because it can be interpreted and analyzed just like other written works of literature.  As a learning instrument, movie evokes an affective domain that leads to changes in learning behavior and attitudes.  Experiencing certain-themed movies can trigger particular reflective memories and reference toward events occurring on a daily basis and it can further strengthen the foundation for learning complex concepts like psychoanalysis.
The Meaning of Tanka in Novel Garden of Words
Authors: Jati Aditya Waskito , Rahayu Ely Triasih , Hartati Hartati
Published: August 2020

This research titled “Denotative, connotative and Myth meaning on tanka in Garden of Words novel by Makoto Shinkai (Roland Barthes Semiotic Approach)”. This research aims to interpret denotative, connotative and myth meaning of tanka through semiotic theory by Roland Barthes. The data used in this research are presented in form of tanka and tanka’s paraphrase that found in this novel. Descriptive Qualitative method is preferred as the main method to analyze meanings of the tanka. Technique of data collection in this research is through literature study.
Perbedaan Penggunaan Setsuzokushi Aida dan Aida ni
Authors: Muthmainnah Ani , Rahayu Ely Triasih , Hartati Hartati
Published: August 2020

The research is entitled The Differences between Setsuzokushi Aida and Aida ni. The aims of this research are to describe the use of sentence structure using setsuzokushi aida and aida ni in Japanese, and to describe the differences of setsuzokushi aida and aida ni usage. This research belongs to descriptive qualitative and the data collection uses library techniques. In total, the data from this research are 19 sentences containing setsuzokushi aida and aida ni taken from Minna no Nihongo Shokyuu I&II, Chukyuu I and Indoneshiago Bunreishuu Nihongo-Indoneshiago (Doushihen) books. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that setsuzokushi aida is a conjunction that describes two activities carried out in the same period of time, continuously and finished simultaneously, whereas setsuzokushi aida ni is a conjunction that explains two activities carried out in the different periods of time and momentarily.
EFEK PAPARAN KADMIUM (Cd) TERHADAP FUNGSI GINJAL PEKERJA BENGKEL LAS
Authors: Hernayanti Hernayanti , Santoso Slamet , Lestari Sri , Prayoga Lucky , Kamsinah Kamsinah , Rochmatino Rochmatino
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

Kadmium merupakan salah satu logam berat yang bersifat nefroksik dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia,  terutama pekerja bengkel las. Kadmium masuk ke dalam tubuh berikatan dengan metalotionin membentuk ikatan Cd+Mt akan terdeposit di organ ginjal dan menginduksi terbentuknya radikal bebas sehingga mengakibatkan peroksidasi lipid yang dapat merusak organ ginjal, ditandai dengan peningkatan kreatinin dan β2 mikroglobulin. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efek paparan Cd terhadap  fungsi ginjal pekerja bengkel las ditinjau dari parameter kreatinin dan β2 mikroglobulin (β2-M). Rancangan penelitian  menggunakan rancangan kasus kontrol. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 30 orang pekerja bengkel las di Purwokerto dengan masa kerja  lebih dari 3 tahun sebagai subyek kasus dan subyek kontrol dari desa Pamijen Baturaden yang mewakili  bukan pekerja bengkel las. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t independent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar Cd darah, kreatinin darah dan β2 mikroglobulin pada  subyek kasus berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan subyek kontrol. Kadar Cd, kreatinin darah dan β2 mikroglobulin subyek kasus lebih tinggi dibandingkan subyek kontrol. Kesimpulan penelitian paparan Cd berpengaruh terhadap penurunan fungsi ginjal pekerja bengkel las yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar Cd darah, kreatinin dan β2-M.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KEPUTIHAN DENGAN PENANGANAN KEPUTIHAN PADA SISWI KELAS X SMK YPE SUMPIUH KABUPATEN BANYUMAS TAHUN 2018
Authors: Fitriyani Tanti , Oktanasari Wiji
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

 One of the clinical complaint from adolescent reproduction is leucorrhea. Leucorrhea is vagina’s liquid expenditure that not shaped blood. It is sometimes caused infection that always wet and make irritation, feel itchy and disturbance to the sufferer.

            The purpose of this research is to know about relation between knowledge of leucorrhea and handling of leucorrhea in student of SMK YPE Sumpiuh 2018 grade X, Banyumas regency.

This research use analytic survey method with cross sectional approach. The subject of this research is students of SMK YPE Sumpiuh grade X. The number of students are 71 person. The  analysis method of the statistic that used  is chi square.

             The result from this research is 42 student (59,2%) have good level of knowledge about leucorrhea. And 39 student (54,9%) can handles leucorrhea correctly.

            The Conclusion of his research is there any relationship between knowledge of leucorrhea and handling of leucorrhea in class of student SMK YPE Sumpiuh grade X  (c2hitung=5,722> c2tabel=3,481).

  Keyword       : level of knowledge, leucorrhea handling.

  Bibliography : 29 ( 2005-2016)
Characteristics of a Novel Target Antigen against Myeloma Cells for Immunotherapy
Authors: Matsushita Maiko , Saito Saku , Yokoe Shinya , Ichikawa Daiju , Hattori Yutaka
Published: August 2020

Despite the availability of therapeutic treatments, multiple myeloma is an incurable haematological disorder. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of CXorf48 as a therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Based on a previously identified HLA-A*24:02-restiricted epitope from this novel cancer/testis antigen, we characterized the activities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific to this antigen against myeloma cells and evaluated the effects of demethylating agents in increasing antigen expression and enhancing the cytotoxic activity of CTLs. CXorf48 expression was examined by RT-PCR using nine myeloma cell lines. Cell lines with low CXorf48 expression were treated by demethylating agents (DMAs), 5-azacytidine (5-aza), and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) to evaluate gene expression using quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, CXorf48-specific CTLs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HLA-A*24:02-positive healthy donors to evaluate antigen recognition using ELISpot and 51Cr cytotoxicity assays. CXorf48 was widely expressed in myeloma cells and gene expression was significantly increased by DMAs. Furthermore, CXorf48-specific CTLs recognized DMA-treated myeloma cells. These findings suggest that CXorf48 is a useful target for immunotherapy, such as vaccination, in combination with demethylating agents for the treatment of patients with myeloma.
Adaptive Numerical Modelling of Tsunami Wave Generation and Propagation with FreeFem++
Authors: Sadaka Georges , Dutykh Denys
Published: August 2020

A simplified nonlinear dispersive system of BBM-type, initially derived by D. Mitsotakis, is employed here in order to model the generation and propagation of surface water waves over variable bottom. The simplification consists in applying the so-called Boussinesq approximation. Using the finite element method and the FreeFem++ software, we solve numerically this system for three different complexities for the bathymetry function: a flat bottom case, a variable bottom in space, and a variable bottom both in space and in time. The last case is illustrated with the Java 2006 tsunami event. This article is designed rather as a tutorial paper even if it contains the description of completely new adaptation techniques.
World-wide Sequence Variant and Non-synonymous Amino Acid Substitution Signature in SARS-COV-2 Structural Proteins
Authors: Das Jayanta , Roy Swarup
Published: August 2020

Like other viruses, SARS-COV-2 too mutating and thus creating divergent variants across the world. Protein sequence variation occurs due to non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that alter the amino acid. Amino acid substitutions on homooligomer interfaces may change the structure of the protein and hence alter the regular or known functional activities of a viral protein. Studies reveal that even a single point mutation in virus protein can significantly change their biology, leads to peculiar pathogenic properties. Therefore, an in-depth investigation of the amino acid substitution in the genomic signature of a protein is highly essential for the rapidly evolving virus-like SARS-COV-2. Investigation of world-wide and country-specific substitution features may be crucial and highly essential to decipher pathogenicity. These might be also helpful to precise structure prediction and identification of possible therapeutic targets for effective drug design. We perform extensive analysis towards highlighting and characterizing the amino acid substitution signature occurs in the four structural proteins (Spike-S, Nucleocapsid-N, Membrane-M, Envelope-E) of SARS-COV-2. We use a total of 9587 viral sequences reported from 49 different countries across the globe. In this study, we try to study the amino acid substitution patterns and its impact on change in biochemical properties, thereby possible changes in protein structures. We perform the following analysis: a) isolating and grouping variants we considered, for different protein sequences; b) identifying amino acid substitution type that are frequently and rarely occurring and reporting their location within the sequence; c) change in chemical properties due to amino acid substitution; and f) highlight country-specific divergent variation and substitution signature. In terms of mutational changes, E and M proteins are relatively stable than N and S proteins. A significant quantity of variations is observed in spike (S) proteins. Our study further reveals an interesting fact that the substitution location is random in N protein, whereas the substitution sites in M protein is less varying and almost stable. Substitutions specific to active sub-domains in S and N proteins reveals that sub-domains like Heptapeptide Repeat (HR2), Fusion peptides (FP), and Transmembrane (TM), which are involved in cellular membrane fusion and entry of the virus into the host cells, are significantly mutated. Majority of the substitutions leads to change in biochemical properties (side chain and hydropathy) of amino acid. A good number of exclusive variants are found specific to a particular country. We strongly believe that the current findings will be helpful for protein structure analysis of viral structural proteins and antiviral drug discovery.
Covid-19 Seroprevalence - Do the Results Advance the Aims?
Authors: Almogy Gal
Published: August 2020

Seroprevalence studies suggest that the number of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases is significantly smaller than the true number of infections. I study logintidual seroprevalence data from 7 sites across the US, from early April 2020 to June 27. I show that not only COVID-19 seroprevalence does not seem to increase over time, there is no clear association between the number of cases reported during a period and the change in seroprevalence during the same time. I conclude that as they are, seroprevalence studies can only be used in the qualitative sense and distinguish between populations with no COVID-19 exposure, to those populations where the virus had already started spreading.
LncRNA and transcriptomic analysis of fetal membrane reveal potential targets involved in oligohydramnios
Authors: Ou Yu-hua , Liu Yu-kun , Zhu Li-qiong , Chen Man-qi , Yi Xiao-chun , Chen Hui , Zhang Jian-ping
Published: August 2020

Background: The multiple causes of oligohydramnios make it challenging to study. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are sets of RNAs that have been proven to function in multiple biological processes. The purpose of this study is to study expression level and possible role of lncRNAs in oligohydramnios.Methods: In this study, total RNA was isolated from fetal membranes resected from oligohydramnios pregnant women (OP) and normal amount of amniotic fluid pregnant women (Normal). LncRNA microarray was used to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to analyze the main enrichment pathways of differentially expressed mRNAs. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate the lncRNA expression level.Results: LncRNA microarray analysis revealed that a total of 801 lncRNAs and 367 mRNAs were differentially expressed in OP; in these results, 638 lncRNAs and 189 mRNAs were upregulated, and 163 lncRNAs and 178 mRNAs were downregulated. Of the lncRNAs, 566 were intergenic lncRNAs, 351 were intronic antisense lncRNAs, and 300 were natural antisense lncRNAs. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were primarily located in chromosomes 2, 1, and 11. KEGG enrichment pathways revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in focal adhesion as well as in the signaling pathways of Ras, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), estrogen, and chemokine. The qPCR results confirmed that LINC00515 and RP11-388P9.2 were upregulated in OP. Furthermore, the constructed lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network revealed tenascin R (TNR), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 12 (ABCA12), and collagen 9A2 (COL9A2) as the candidate targets of LINC00515 and RP11-388P9.2.Conclusions: In summary, we revealed the profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in OP. These results might offer potential targets for biological prevention for pregnant women with oligohydramnios detected before delivery and provided a reliable basis for clinical biological treatment in OP.
Comparisons of cardiovascular dysautonomia and cognitive impairment between de novo Parkinson’s disease and de novo dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Oka Hisayoshi , Umehara Tadashi , Nakahara Atsuo , Matsuno Hiromasa
Published: August 2020

Background Cognitive impairment may be correlated with cardiovascular dysautonomia, including blood pressure (BP) dysregulation, in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the association between these factors in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is uncertain. This study aimed to clarify whether cardiovascular dysautonomia had an influence on cognitive function in Lewy body disease or not.Methods 99 patients with de novo PD (n=75) and DLB (n=24) were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy, orthostatic hypotension (OH), supine hypertension (SH), postprandial hypotension (PPH), nocturnal BP fall in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and constipation were estimated. Associations of these factors with cognitive and executive dysfunction were examined. Results In DLB, MIBG uptake was reduced and OH, PPH and SH were severely disturbed, compared to PD. The nocturnal BP fall in ABPM was lower in DLB, and the failure of nocturnal BP fall in PD was associated with MMSE, after adjustment for other clinical features. FAB was significantly associated nocturnal BP fall, age and SH in PD, but no significant correlations among factors were found for DLB. Conclusion The significant association between nocturnal BP dysregulation and cognitive or executive decline in PD might be due to impaired microvascular circulation or invasion of α-synuclein in the CNS. The lack of a correlation of BP insufficiency with cognitive impairment in DLB suggests initial involvement of Lewy body pathology in the neocortex, regardless of Lewy body invasion of the autonomic nervous system.
Evaluating the Care Provision of a Community-Based Serious-Illness Care Program Via Chart Measures
Authors: Kistler Christine , Dongen Matthew Van , Ernecoff Natalie , Daaleman Timothy , Hanson Laura
Published: August 2020

Background: Although quality-of-care domains for home-based primary and palliative programs have been proposed, they have had limited testing in practice. Our aim was to evaluate the care provision in a community-based serious-illness care program, a combined home-based primary and palliative care model.Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients in an academic community-based serious-illness care program in central North Carolina from August 2014 to March 2016 (n=159). Chart review included demographics, health status, and operationalized measures of seven quality-of-care domains: medical assessment, care coordination, safety, quality of life, provider competency, goal attainment, and access.Results: Patients were mostly women (56%) with an average age of 70 years. Patients were multi-morbid (53% ≥3 comorbidities), functionally impaired (45% had impairment in ≥2 activities of daily living) and 32% had dementia. During the study period, 31% of patients died. Chart review found high rates assessment of functional status (97%), falls (98%), and medication safety (96%). Rates of pain assessment (70%), advance directive discussions (65%), influenza vaccination (59%), and depression assessment (54% of those with a diagnosis of depression) were lower. Cognitive barriers, spiritual needs, and behavioral issues were assessed infrequently (35%, 22%, 21%, respectively).Conclusion: This study is one of the first to operationalize and examine quality-of-care measures for a community-based serious-illness care program, an emerging model for vulnerable adults. Our operationalization should not constitute validation of these measures and revealed areas for improvement; however, the community-based serious-illness care program performed well in several key quality-of-care domains. Future work is needed to validate these measures.
Interaction Kinetics of Peptide Lipids-Mediated Gene Delivery
Authors: Zhao Yinan , Zhao Tianyi , Du Yanyan , Cao Yingnan , Xuan Yang , Chen Huiying , Zhi Defu , Guo Shutao , Zhong Fangli , Zhang Shubiao
Published: August 2020

Background: During the course of gene transfection, the interaction kinetics between liposomes and DNA is speculated to play very important role for blood stability, cellular uptake, DNA release and finally transfection efficiency. Results: As cationic peptide liposomes exhibited great gene transfer activities both in vitro and in vivo, two peptide lipids, containing a tri-ornithine head (LOrn3) and a mono-ornithine head (LOrn1), were chosen to further clarify the process of liposome-mediated gene delivery in this study. The results show that the electrostatically-driven binding between DNA and liposomes reached nearly 100% at equilibrium, and high affinity of LOrn3 to DNA led to fast binding rate between them. The binding process between LOrn3 and DNA conformed to the kinetics equation: y = 1.663631 × exp(-0.003427x) + 6.278163. Compared to liposome LOrn1, the liposome LOrn3/DNA lipoplex exhibited a faster and more uniform uptake in HeLa cells, as LOrn3 with a tri-ornithine peptide headgroup had a stronger interaction with the negatively charged cell membrane than LOrn1. The efficient endosomal escape of DNA from LOrn3 lipoplex was facilitated by the acidity in late endosomes, resulting in broken carbamate bonds, as well as the“proton sponge effect”of the lipid. Conclusions: The interaction kinetics is a key factor for DNA transfection efficiency. This work provided insights into peptide lipid-mediated DNA delivery that could guide the development of the next generation of delivery systems for gene therapeutics.
Evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for diagnostic accuracy of cryptococcosis
Authors: Xie Li-Min , Lin Geng-ling , Dong Hao-Neng , Liao Ying-Xia , Liu Ye-Ling , Qin Jian-Feng , Guo Xu-Guang
Published: August 2020

Background: Cryptococcus is a conditional pathogenic fungus causing cryptococcosis, which is one of the most serious fungal diseases faced by humans. Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) is successfully applied to the rapid detection of cryptococcal antigens. Methods: Studies were retrieved systematically from the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library before July 2019. The quality of the studies was assessed by Review Manager 5.0 based on the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study guidelines. The extracted data from the included studies were analyzed by Meta-DiSc 1.4. Stata 12.0 software was used to detect the publication bias. Results: A total of 15 articles with 31 fourfold tables were adopted by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The merged sensitivity and specificity in serum were 0.98 and 0.98, respectively, and those in the cerebrospinal fluid were 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. Conclusions: Compared to the urine and other samples, LFA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is favorable evidence for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis with high specificity and sensitivity.
Early-stage multi-differentiated gastric carcinosarcoma and post-resection local recurrence: a case report
Authors: Shioya Akihiro , Kurose Nozomu , Mizutani Kenichi , Kumagai Motona , Kawaura Ken , Nakamura Naohiko , Kosaka Takeo , Motono Nozomu , Uramoto Hidetaka , Yamada Sohsuke
Published: August 2020

Background Carcinosarcoma is a rare neoplasm with a poor prognosis that is most often discovered at an advanced stage; a gastric carcinosarcoma is even rarer than carcinosarcomas originating in other organs, such as the uterus. We report our experience with an early-stage multi-differentiated gastric carcinosarcoma.Case presentation A 68-year-old male patient presented with anemia, and his fecal occult blood test was positive. An endoscopic examination was conducted which revealed a hemorrhagic, irregular, protruding lesion in the stomach. The lesion was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma by histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen, and a segmental gastrectomy was performed. A 41 × 29 × 18 mm3 protruding lesion was observed in the resection specimen, and histologically confirmed to be a gastric carcinosarcoma with mixed adenocarcinomatous and sarcomatous composition. Tumor invasion was limited to the submucosa. Besides the adenocarcinomatous portion, neuroendocrine differentiation and AFP-positive gastric carcinoma were present in the carcinomatous portion of the tumor; in the sarcomatous portion, chondrosarcomatous, leiomyosarcomatous, and rhabdomyosarcomatous components were observed in addition to the undifferentiated sarcomatous component. Furthermore, the tumor included SALL4-positive germ cell-like cells. Despite early-stage detection, the cancer recurred locally 14 months after tumor resection, which necessitated a total gastrectomy. At the 2-month follow-up after the total gastrectomy, the patient was alive. This patient had developed an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and primary lung adenosquamous carcinoma, both of which were resected. Conclusions Few cases of early-stage gastric carcinosarcoma have been reported, but there are no reports of recurrence to date. Local recurrence as in this patient, and even in early-stage cases, requires cautious surveillance to check for post-resection recurrence and metastasis. The etiopathogenesis of carcinosarcoma has not yet been elucidated; however, in the present case, despite the tumor’s relatively small size, it exhibited various types of differentiation in both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components and a proliferative germ cell-like portion, which suggests that the monoclonal origin hypothesis may be a valid theory for the carcinosarcoma.