bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cerium Features in Kilonova Near-infrared Spectra: Implication from a Chemically Peculiar Star
Authors: Tanaka Masaomi , Domoto Nanae , Aoki Wako , Ishigaki Miho N. , Wanajo Shinya , Hotokezaka Kenta , Kawaguchi Kyohei , Kato Daiji , Lee Jae-Joon , Lee Ho-Gyu , Hirano Teruyuki , Kotani Takayuki , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Nishikawa Jun , Omiya Masashi , Tamura Motohide , Ueda Akitoshi
Published: July 2023

Observations of the kilonova from the neutron star merger event GW170817 opened a way to study r-process nucleosynthesis directly using neutron star mergers. It is, however, challenging to identify individual elements in kilonova spectra due to a lack of complete atomic data, in particular at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. In this paper, we demonstrate that spectra of chemically peculiar stars with enhanced heavy-element abundances can provide us with an excellent astrophysical laboratory for kilonova spectra. We show that the photosphere of the late B-type, chemically peculiar star HR 465 has similar lanthanide abundances and ionization degrees with those in the line-forming region in a kilonova at ∼2.5 days after the merger. The NIR spectrum of HR 465 taken with Subaru/IRD indicates that Ce iii lines give the strongest absorption feature around 16000 Å and there are no other comparably strong transitions around these lines. The Ce iii lines nicely match with the broad absorption feature at 14500 Å observed in GW170817 with a blueshift of v = 0.1 c, which supports recent identification of this feature as Ce iii by Domoto et al.
Six More Ultra-faint Milky Way Companions Discovered in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey
Authors: Cerny W. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Pace A. B. , Mutlu-Pakdil B. , Li T. S. , Riley A. H. , Crnojević D. , Bom C. R. , Carballo-Bello J. A. , Carlin J. L. , Chiti A. , Choi Y. , Collins M. L. M. , Darragh-Ford E , Ferguson P. S. , Geha M. , Martínez-Delgado D. , Massana P. , Mau S. , Medina G. E. , Muñoz R. R. , Nadler E. O. , Noël N. E. D. , Olsen K. A. G. , Pieres A. , Sakowska J. D. , Simon J. D. , Stringfellow G. S. , Tollerud E. J. , Vivas A. K. , Walker A. R. , Wechsler R. H. ,   DELVE Collaboration
Published: July 2023

We report the discovery of six ultra-faint Milky Way satellites identified through matched-filter searches conducted using Dark Energy Camera (DECam) data processed as part of the second data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration (DELVE) survey. Leveraging deep Gemini/GMOS-N imaging (for four candidates) as well as follow-up DECam imaging (for two candidates), we characterize the morphologies and stellar populations of these systems. We find that these candidates all share faint absolute magnitudes (M

V
≥ −3.2 mag) and old, metal-poor stellar populations (τ > 10 Gyr, [Fe/H] < −1.4 dex). Three of these systems are more extended (r
1/2 > 15 pc), while the other three are compact (r
1/2 < 10 pc). From these properties, we infer that the former three systems (Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and Virgo II) are consistent with ultra-faint dwarf galaxy classifications, whereas the latter three (DELVE 3, DELVE 4, and DELVE 5) are likely ultra-faint star clusters. Using data from the Gaia satellite, we confidently measure the proper motion of Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and DELVE 4, and tentatively detect a proper-motion signal from DELVE 3 and DELVE 5; no signal is detected for Virgo II. We use these measurements to explore possible associations between the newly discovered systems and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal, the Magellanic Clouds, and the Vast Polar Structure, finding several plausible associations. Our results offer a preview of the numerous ultra-faint stellar systems that will soon be discovered by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and highlight the challenges of classifying the faintest stellar systems.
Missing Giants: Predictions on Dust-obscured Galaxy Stellar Mass Assembly Throughout Cosmic Time
Authors: Long Arianna S. , Casey Caitlin M. , del P. Lagos Claudia , Lambrides Erini L. , Zavala Jorge A. , Champagne Jaclyn , Cooper Olivia R. , Cooray Asantha R.
Published: July 2023

Due to their extremely dust-obscured nature, much uncertainty still exists surrounding the stellar mass growth and content in dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at z > 1. In this work, we present a numerical model built using empirical data on DSFGs to estimate their stellar mass contributions across the first ∼10 Gyr of cosmic time. We generate a dust-obscured stellar mass function that extends beyond the mass limit of star-forming stellar mass functions in the literature, and predict that massive DSFGs constitute as much as 50%–100% of all star-forming galaxies with M ≥1011
M
⊙ at z > 1. We predict the number density of massive DSFGs and find general agreement with observations, although more data is needed to narrow wide observational uncertainties. We forward-model mock massive DSFGs to their quiescent descendants and find remarkable agreement with observations from the literature demonstrating that, to first order, massive DSFGs are a sufficient ancestral population to describe the prevalence of massive quiescent galaxies at z > 1. We predict that massive DSFGs and their descendants contribute as much as 25%–60% to the cosmic stellar mass density during the peak of cosmic star formation, and predict an intense epoch of population growth during the ∼1 Gyr from z = 6 to 3 during which the majority of the most massive galaxies at high-z grow and then quench. Future studies seeking to understand massive galaxy growth and evolution in the early universe should strategize synergies with data from the latest observatories (e.g., JWST and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) to better include the heavily dust-obscured galaxy population.
Using [Ne v]/[Ne iii] to Understand the Nature of Extreme-ionization Galaxies
Authors: Cleri Nikko J. , Olivier Grace M. , Hutchison Taylor A. , Papovich Casey , Trump Jonathan R. , Amorín Ricardo O. , Backhaus Bren E. , Berg Danielle A. , Fernández Vital , Finkelstein Steven L. , Fujimoto Seiji , Hirschmann Michaela , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Kocevski Dale D. , Simons Raymond C. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: July 2023

Spectroscopic studies of extreme-ionization galaxies (EIGs) are critical to our understanding of exotic systems throughout cosmic time. These EIGs exhibit spectral features requiring >54.42 eV photons: the energy needed to ionize helium into He2+ fully and emit He ii recombination lines. Spectroscopic studies of EIGs can probe exotic stellar populations or accretion onto intermediate-mass black holes (∼102–105
M
⊙), which are the possibly key contributors to the reionization of the Universe. To facilitate the use of EIGs as probes of high-ionization systems, we focus on ratios constructed from several rest-frame UV/optical emission lines: [O iii] λ5008, Hβ, [Ne iii] λ3870, [O ii] λ
λ3727, 3729, and [Ne v] λ3427. These lines probe the relative intensity at energies of 35.12, 13.62, 40.96, 13.62, and 97.12 eV, respectively, covering a wider range of ionization than traced by other common rest-frame UV/optical techniques. We use the ratios of these lines ([Ne v]/[Ne iii] ≡ Ne53, [O iii]/Hβ, and [Ne iii]/[O ii]), which are nearby in wavelength, mitigating the effects of dust attenuation and uncertainties in flux calibration. We make predictions from photoionization models constructed from Cloudy that use a broad range of stellar populations and black hole accretion models to explore the sensitivity of these line ratios to changes in the ionizing spectrum. We compare our models to observations from the Hubble Space Telescope and JWST of galaxies with strong high-ionization emission lines at z ∼ 0, z ∼ 2, and 5 < z < 8.5. We show that the Ne53 ratio can separate galaxies with ionization from “normal” stellar populations from those with active galactic nuclei and even “exotic” Population III models. We introduce new selection methods to identify galaxies with photoionization driven by Population III stars or intermediate-mass black hole accretion disks that could be identified in upcoming high-redshift spectroscopic surveys.
Characterizing the Spectral Structure of Weak Impulsive Narrowband Quiet Sun Emissions
Authors: Mondal Surajit , Oberoi Divya , Biswas Ayan , Kansabanik Devojyoti
Published: July 2023

Weak Impulsive Narrowband Quiet Sun Emissions (WINQSEs) are a newly discovered class of radio emission from the solar corona. These emissions are characterized by their extremely impulsive, narrowband, and ubiquitous nature. We have systematically been working on their detailed characterization, including their strengths, morphologies, temporal characteristics, energies, etc. This work is the next step in this series and focuses on the spectral nature of WINQSEs. Given that their strength is only a few percent of the background solar emission, we have adopted an extremely conservative approach to reliably identify WINQSES. Only a handful of WINQSEs meet all of our stringent criteria. Their flux densities lie in the 20–50 Jy range and they have compact morphologies. For the first time, we estimate their bandwidths and find them to be less than 700 kHz, consistent with expectations based on earlier observations. Interestingly, we also find similarities between the spectral nature of WINQSEs and the solar radio spikes. This is consistent with our hypothesis that the WINQSEs are the weaker cousins of the type III radio bursts and are likely to be the low-frequency radio counterparts of the nanoflares, originally hypothesized as a possible explanation for coronal heating.
Contrast U-Net driven by sufficient texture extraction for carotid plaque detection
Authors: Zhou WenJun , Wang Tianfei , He Yuhang , Xie Shenghua , Luo Anguo , Peng Bo , Yin Lixue
Published: July 2023

Ischemic heart disease or stroke caused by the rupture or dislodgement of a carotid plaque poses a huge risk to human health. To obtain accurate information on the carotid plaque characteristics of patients and to assist clinicians in the determination and identification of atherosclerotic areas, which is one significant foundation work. Existing work in this field has not deliberately extracted texture information of carotid from the ultrasound images. However, texture information is a very important part of carotid ultrasound images. To make full use of the texture information in carotid ultrasound images, a novel network based on U-Net called Contrast U-Net is designed in this paper. First, the proposed network mainly relies on a contrast block to extract accurate texture information. Moreover, to make the network better learn the texture information of each channel, the squeeze-and-excitation block is introduced to assist in the jump connection from encoding to decoding. Experimental results from intravascular ultrasound image datasets show that the proposed network can achieve superior performance compared with other popular models in carotid plaque detection.
Research on charging behavior of electric vehicles based on multiple objectives
Authors: Sung Tien-Wen , Li Wei , Liang Qiaoxin , Hong Chuanbo , Fang Qingjun
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a multi-objective queuing charging strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) based on metrics of public interest. It combines common charging modes, such as random charging mode, tariff-guided mode and stop-and-charge mode. It introduces the problem of queuing charging for EVs by considering the realistic imbalances of vehicle-pile ratios in these common modes. A travel model and a charging model were developed in this study. Experiments prove that the proposed strategy has the highest comprehensive evaluation index, achieves the aim of low charging cost and high travel rate and considers the queuing problem, which is unavoidable in reality. It improves the convenience of life and reduces the charging cost. The proposed strategy smoothens the EV charging load curve, largely reducing the burden of charging load fluctuations on the grid and achieving a win-win situation for both supply and demand.
Acculturative Stress
Authors: Raju Pooja
Published: July 2023

There is an increasing shift in focus from the causes of immigration to the consequences of immigration, a major aspect being the stress triggered by the myriad changes and challenges experienced during the process of moving into a different culture and settling in. The main aim of this chapter is to introduce the reader to the concept of acculturative stress in detail. The author has gathered the content by doing a keyword search of relevant terms on Google Scholar and choosing articles that provide insight into acculturation, acculturative stress, and psychological health. The chapter will delve into how the different strategies of acculturation are associated with the level of acculturative stress experienced and consequent mental health problems as well as strategies to manage or reduce acculturative stress.
Language and Identity Formations of Second-Generation Migrants in Deepak Unnikrishnan's Temporary People
Authors: Jose Briji
Published: July 2023

Decades of migration to the Gulf nations have led to the existence of second-generation migrants who were born and raised in migrant lands. The chapter uses the novel Temporary People (2017) by Deepak Unnikrishnan as a primary text to explore the role language plays in second-generation migrant identity formations and the assimilation process. The national language, Arabic, is situated in the specific socio-political context, a site where ideologies and power relations are reproduced. By identifying a gap in the language education policy, it reveals how migrant's inability to communicate in the Arabic language has complex implications on their identities and notions of belongingness. The chapter explores language's power to naturalize norms and hierarchical structures within society that can hinder the assimilation process and highlights the migrant-citizen divide. It shows how notions of temporariness and Othering in migrants are inherent within the language politics of the land. The chapter reaffirms language-identity relations and points to revaluating migrant language policies.
Hybrid Patterns of Piety and Visibility of Religion for Being Muslim in a Globalized World
Authors: Can Betül Akgöl
Published: July 2023

Globalization, a social phenomenon originating from the West, has been met with different cultural reactions in non-Western societies because of its homogenizing effect. They have responded to this massive social change according to their own cultural codes which led to the emergence of alternative modernities in the face of globalization. Muslim countries are some of these societies which give reactions to globalization and try to create alternative modernities and make a global impact in turn. In this study, based on some anthropological studies, the authors give information and discuss globalization's influence on Muslim communities and identities. After such social changes, people's understanding of how to be a good and proper Muslim and piety's importance in being a good Muslim will be analyzed. The importance of piety in the social construction of Muslim identity and its relation to the visibility of religion in different parts of the Muslim World will also be discussed.
Institutional Transformation, Knowledge of Transformation Processes, and Change
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: July 2023

This study has the purpose of analyzing the implications between institutional transformation, the knowledge transformation processes, and change. This analysis departs from the assumption that creation and transmission of knowledge transformation processes is fundamental for transformation and change of institutions. The method employed is the meta-cognition analysis based on conceptual, theoretical, and empirical literature. The study concludes that knowledge creation and transmission through technological innovation is required for institutional transformation and change.
Navigating the GDPR Compliance Conundrum
Authors: Bag Akash , Kadiyan Sanskriti , Newton Sujata , Chaudhuri Rajdip Bhadra
Published: July 2023

This chapter examines the implications of blockchain technology on the processing of personal data and its compliance with the general data protection regulation (GDPR) within the European Union. While the internet has revolutionized communication and database systems, it has also posed challenges to legally process personal data. However, the introduction of blockchain technology, with its cryptographic features and decentralized peer-to-peer ledger system, raises questions about the applicability of the GDPR. This chapter analyzes personal data processed in public blockchains, including the right to erasure. Additionally, the chapter explores the complexities of establishing accountability within distributed ledger technology, considering the innovative nature of blockchain and the traditional database framework upon which the GDPR was constructed. By examining the relationship between blockchain participants and fundamental data protection rights, this research aims to shed light on the intersection of blockchain technology and personal data protection.
OKR Methodology
Authors: Linares Fernandes Bruno Cortines , Gomes Jorge Vareda
Published: July 2023

In a changing world dominated by fierce competition, it is imperative that companies have the necessary agility to adapt to the market constraints where they operate, investing in frameworks that promote the achievement of planned results. There are many tools that can help managers in setting goals; however, one became very well-known because it helped large companies like Google to achieve success: OKR – objectives and key results. When compared to others, OKR is still little publicized and used, leaving open some questions that the authors intend to answer in this work. A case study was carried out in a Brazilian company using a qualitative methodology and interviews and document analysis that only defines goals
Sustainability and Digital Transformation
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: July 2023

Given China's position as the world's second-largest economy, this chapter examines the interaction of sustainability and digital transformation in Chinese strategic management, a fascinating case. At first, it analyzes Chinese businesses' approaches to sustainability from a variety of angles, including circular economy, green innovation, and green supply-chain management. The story then shifts focus to the digital world, where we learn how technologies like blockchain, big data, AI, and IoT/IOTA are influencing business strategies today, especially in the context of Industry 4.0. The chapter concludes with an analysis of business agglomeration, or the formation of concentrated hubs of related businesses that work together to create an economic advantage. Its goal is to encourage introspection and greater comprehension of the evolving international paradigms of strategic management by providing practical insights from China.
Urbanization and the Impact on Economic Development
Authors: Sukanya R. , Tantia Veerta
Published: July 2023

Urbanization is a global trend that has both positive and negative impacts on economic development. Urban areas are hubs of innovation, investment, and job creation, leading to increased productivity and economic growth. It also brings challenges such as rapid population growth, environmental degradation, and social inequality. Industrialization, closely linked to urbanization, drives economic growth but leads to environmental and social issues. Balancing the benefits of industrialization with sustainable development and social inclusion is crucial. Policymakers ensure that economic growth is shared equitably, and develop environmentally and socially sustainable. Urbanization poses challenges in terms of strained infrastructure, inadequate housing, and social exclusion. These challenges need to be addressed through comprehensive approaches, including investments in infrastructure, education, social welfare, and sustainable urban design. Government, civil society, and private sector partnerships play a vital role in promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
The Analysis of a Power Information Management System Based on Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Li Daren , Shen Jie , Dai Jiarui , Xia Yifan
Published: July 2023

With the deepening reform of the power market, great progress has been made in informatization. Blockchain can improve the reliability of power management system (PMS) data processing. PMS informatization has become the basis for improving the quality and efficiency of project management and maximizing the social and economic benefits of the project. Due to the requirement of safe and stable power production, PMS attaches great importance to the application and implementation of information in power management, but does not attach enough importance to the informatization of power production management. Therefore, this article analyzes the current situation, characteristics, and existing problems of PMS through a machine learning algorithm, then constructs the design principles, and finally proposes the optimization path of PMS according to the principles. The information collection ability and system control ability of the optimized PMS were better than the original PMS. The information collection ability was 14.2% higher than the original, and the system control ability was 9.8% higher than the original. In general, both blockchain and machine learning can improve the data reliability of PMS.
Discovery of User Groups Densely Connecting Virtual and Physical Worlds in Event-Based Social Networks
Authors: Lan Tianming , Guo Lei
Published: July 2023

An essential task of the event-based social network (EBSN) platform is to recommend events to user groups. Usually, users are more willing to participate in events and interest groups with their friends, forming a particularly closely connected user group. However, such groups do not explicitly exist in EBSN. Therefore, studying how to discover groups composed of users who frequently participate in events and interest groups in EBSN has essential theoretical and practical significance. This article proposes the problem of discovering maximum k fully connected user groups. To address this issue, this article designs and implements three algorithms: a search algorithm based on Max-miner (MMBS), a search algorithm based on two vectors (TVBS) and enumeration tree, and a divide-and-conquer parallel search algorithm (DCPS). The authors conducted experiments on real datasets. The comparison of experimental results of these three algorithms on datasets from different cities shows that the DCPS algorithm and TVBS algorithm significantly accelerate their computational time when the minimum support rate is low. The time consumption of DCPS algorithm can reach one tenth or even lower than that of MMBS algorithm.
The Path Choice of Manufacturing Enterprises to Enhance Competitiveness
Authors: Zhang Xiekui , Huang Yihan , Li Yiting
Published: July 2023

How to enhance the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises using innovation is an important topic in theory and practice. Data from the world input-output table and the Chinese industrial enterprise database are used to study the difference in the influence of service transformation and product innovation on enterprise competitiveness. The authors show that (1) both service transformation and product innovation contribute to enhancing enterprise competitiveness, but the former has a better effect, and this conclusion is still valid after replacing variables and controlling for endogeneity, and and (2) the “competitiveness effect” of service transformation and product innovation has strong heterogeneity in urban administrative levels, GVC embedding location, and enterprise ownership. (3) As two different innovation methods, service transformation and product innovation have synergistic and balanced effects.
Magnetic Susceptibility Study of Hole-Doped Organic Metal κ-(ET)4Hg3-δCl8, δ=22% and κ-(ET)4Hg3-δBr8, δ=11%
Authors: Sari Dita Puspita , Widyaiswari Utami , Someya Yuta , Yamada Eiki , Taniguchi Hiromi , Watanabe Isao , Ishii Yasuyuki
Published: July 2023

The Non-Fermi-Liquid (NFL) state has been one of central issues in the strongly correlated electrons systems. This deviates from conventional Fermi Liquid (FL) behavior. In the hole-doped triangular lattice organic metal κ-(ET)4Hg3-δBr8, δ = 11% (κ-HgBr), the NFL state is observed as a linear temperature dependence of the resistivity which changed to the temperature square dependence behavior by pressure. The spin susceptibility dependence of the muon Knight shift, K(c), is not linear in the region below 50 K, unlike in other k-type organic superconductors. Furthermore, 13C-NMR study under pressure concluded that strong antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations (AFSF) contribute to the origin of NFL. To understand the underlying correlation of the enhanced AFSF and NFL state in k-HgBr, the K(c) plot study in the sister compound κ-(ET)4Hg3-δCl8, δ=22% (κ-HgCl) which shows metal to insulator transition at TMI ~ 20 K is desirable. In this study, we report a precise susceptibility measurement in both k-HgBr and k-HgCl. Furthermore, we summarize the c(T) data of k-HgBr and k-HgCl and discuss them from the viewpoint of the triangular and square lattice models.
PANI/Porous Carbon Palm Kernel Shell via In Situ Polymerization Method for Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Wibowo Jenie Fakhri , Prasetyo Imam , Ariyanto Teguh
Published: July 2023

This paper attempts to evaluate the use of composite of polyaniline (PANI)/palm kernel shell-derived porous carbon (C-PKS) as alternative materials for supercapacitor electrodes. The preparation of PANI/C-PKS composites was carried out using an in-situ polymerization method. After the composite was formed, the structures and morphologies were characterized using an N2-sorption analyzer, SEM - EDX, and TGA. As for the performance of supercapacitor electrodes, the composite was tested using a three-electrode system. Structural and morphological characterization results showed that PANI was successfully deposited in C-PKS. The amount of PANI deposited in C-PKS was ca. 7.5%, obtained from TGA analysis. Meanwhile, the capacitance performance test results showed that the PANI/C-PKS composite featured a specific capacitance of ca. 116 F/g. There was an increase in specific capacitance compared to the blank material (C-PKS only) which showed only 94 F/g.
Study of Crystal Structure and Magnetics Properties in the Normal State of Electron-Doped Eu2-xCexCu0.97Zn0.03O4+α-δ in Overdoped Regime
Authors: Pratama Rosaldi , Falhan Muhammad Fadhil , Effendi Rahma Sundaya , Syakuur Muhammad Abdan , Widyaiswari Utami , Sari Dita Puspita , Saragi Togar , Risdiana Risdiana
Published: July 2023

The normal state of high-Tc superconducting cuprates is crucial to understanding of the mechanism in superconductivity. There are two main ways to remove superconductivity so that the sample is in a normal state, that is by applying a large magnetic field or adding impurities such as Zn to the sample. To investigate the crystal structure and magnetic properties in the normal state of electron-doped high-Tc cuprates in overdoped regime, Eu2-xCexCu0.97Zn0.03O4+α-δ (ECCZO) with x = 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, and 0.19 has been synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized by XRD and SQUID measurements. The results of XRD measurements shows all samples have T’-structure and the values of lattice parameters a, CuO bond length, and crystallite size increased with increasing x. On other hand, the value of lattice parameters c decreased with increasing x, causing the expansion of the tetragonal unit cell in the horizontal direction. From susceptibility measurements, in the normal state with 3% of Zn impurity all samples have the paramagnetic behaviour. The magnetic parameters of these samples analysed by the Curie law. With increasing of Ce concentration, the C and the are increased. The increase in the magnetic parameters since the increasing in magnetic ordering.
Investigation of Dependence of Magnetic Properties on Sintering Temperature of Eu1.85Ce0.15CuO4+α-δ Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Falhan Muhammad Fadhil , Winarsih Suci , Pratama Rosaldi , Syakuur Muhammad Abdan , Widyaiswari Utami , Putri Anita Eka , Saragi Togar , Risdiana Risdiana
Published: July 2023

Differences in particle size can affect the magnetic properties of superconductors. At the nanoscale, superconductors have different magnetic properties than those at the micro or submicron size. The difference in particle size in superconducting materials can be obtained by giving the sintering temperature difference. In this work, we focus only on the magnetic properties in Eu1.85Ce0.15CuO4+α-δ (ECCO) in the optimal-doped regime prepared by the sol-gel method with various sintering temperatures 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 ° C sizes with an annealing temperature 800 °C to obtain different particle. The lattice parameters and crystallite size were obtained using XRD. Based on the XRD results, the higher the sintering temperature variation, the larger the crystallite size produced with lattice distortion and expansion with a decrease in particle size. The magnetic properties of these materials have been investigated using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) at temperatures between 2 K and 30 K with the applied field at 5 Oe. Based on the SQUID measurement, the magnetic properties of samples sintering at 700 °C and 800 °C were found to be ferromagnetic-like behaviour, while sintering at 900 °C was found to be paramagnetic with no trace of the superconductivity phase. The differences response of magnetic properties can be associated with the effect of the differences size of the crystallites in each material, that can relate to uncompensated spins produced by the surface effect.
Magnetic and Superconducting Phase Diagram of Electron-Doped Eu2-xCexCuO4+α-δ
Authors: Maryati Yati , Syakuur Muhammad Abdan , Widyaiswari Utami , Sari Dita Puspita , Saragi Togar , Risdiana Risdiana
Published: July 2023

We have investigated the magnetism and superconductivity of the electron-doped Eu2-xCexCuO4+α-δ in a wide range area of doping Ce4+ at 0.09 ≤ x ≤ 0.20 by means of magnetic susceptibility measurement at low temperatures down to 2 K. Superconductivity was observed in the concentration of Ce4+ at 0.12 ≤ x ≤ 0.20 with the range of the reduction of oxygen content 0.0255 ≤ δ ≤ 0.093 with a maximum transition temperature of 12 K. Furthermore, from the data temperature dependence of the dc magnetic-susceptibility, it can be analyzed the Curie constant, atomic magnetic moment and effective magnetic moment in each sample. Those three values have similar values with increasing Ce4+ concentration for a sample that doesn’t show superconductivity.
Assessment of the 90-day mortality risk score after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in the Italian VATS Group cohort
Authors: Imperatori Andrea , Cattoni Maria , Bertolaccini Luca , Nosotti Mario , Rosso Lorenzo , Cagini Lucio , Vannucci Jacopo , Brunelli Alessandro , Crisci Roberto , Curcio Carlo , Rotolo Nicola
Published: July 2023

A five classes (A-E) aggregate risk score predicting 90-day mortality after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer, including as independent factors male sex (3 points), DLCO <60% (1 point) and operative time >150 minutes (1 point), has been recently published. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and reliability of this risk model in a large, independent cohort of patients, to confirm its generalizability. From the Italian VATS Group Database, we selected 2,209 patients [60% males; median age 69 years (IQR:63-74)] who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer. We calculated the aggregate risk score and the corresponding class of 90-day mortality risk for each patient. The correlation between risk classes and mortality rates was tested by Spearman’s r-test. Model calibration was evaluated by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Class A-E 90-day mortality rates were 0.33%, 0.51%, 1.39%, 1.31% and 2.56%, respectively. A strong uphill correlation was identified between risk classes and 90-day mortality (r=0.90; p=0.037), showing a positive correlation between increased mortality rate and class A to E. Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-squared value was 67.47 (p<0.001) with overall, Class D and E significantly lower 90-day mortality in our cohort than in the original one [1.04% vs 2.5% (p=0.018), 1.31% vs 5.65% (p=0.005) and 2.56% vs 18.75% (p=0.007), respectively]. Despite our data show a positive correlation between 90-day mortality and risk classes from A to E with modest discriminatory performance, the poor calibration suggests the need for model recalibration using local data to better manage and counsel lung cancer patients eligible for video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.
Creative Brain Training Apps and Games Can Help Improve Memory, Cognitive Abilities, and Promote Good Mental Health for The Elderly
Authors: Siricharoen Nattanun
Published: July 2023

This qualitative research study aims to explore the effectiveness of creative brain training apps and games in enhancing memory, cognitive abilities, and promoting good mental health among the elderly. The research is based on feedback and experiences provided by a second-year university student who has close relationships with elderly individuals. Data will be collected between June and July 2023. The informant's firsthand experiences and insights will be utilized to evaluate games and applications specifically designed to strengthen memory, thinking, analysis, brain exercises, eyesight, and other cognitive functions. By investigating the impact of these interventions, this study aims to contribute valuable information to enhance the mental well-being and cognitive capabilities of the elderly population.
Sliding methods for tempered fractional parabolic problem
Authors: Peng Shaolong
Published: July 2023

In this article, we are concerned with the tempered fractional parabolic problem
$$ \begin{align*}\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}(x, t)-\left(\Delta+\lambda\right)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} u(x, t)=f(u(x, t)), \end{align*} $$

where
$-\left (\Delta +\lambda \right )^{\frac {\alpha }{2}}$
is a tempered fractional operator with
$\alpha \in (0,2)$
and
$\lambda $
is a sufficiently small positive constant. We first establish maximum principle principles for problems involving tempered fractional parabolic operators. And then, we develop the direct sliding methods for the tempered fractional parabolic problem, and discuss how they can be used to establish monotonicity results of solutions to the tempered fractional parabolic problem in various domains. We believe that our theory and methods can be conveniently applied to study parabolic problems involving other nonlocal operators.
Evaluating the Isolation Performance of Three Seat Suspension Models
of Off-Road Vehicles
Authors: Ye Tianfeng , Li Hongwei , Lu Wei , Nguyen Vanliem , Mei Yundong
Published: July 2023

Three suspension structures including the parallel vertical suspension (PVS), the
horizontal parallel suspension (HPS), and the negative stiffness element added
into suspension (NSES) of the driver’s seat are proposed to improve the driver’s
ride comfort of off-road vehicles. Based on the dynamic models of the PVS, HPS,
and NSES established and simulated under the same random excitations of the cab
floor, the effect of the design parameters of the proposed models is analyzed,
and the design parameters are then optimized to evaluate their isolation
performance. The indexes of the root-mean-square (r.m.s) accelerations of the
vertical seat direction, pitching seat angle, and rolling seat angle are used as
the objective functions. The study results indicate that the dynamic parameters
of the PVS, HPS, and NSES greatly affect the driver’s ride comfort while their
geometrical dimensions insignificantly affect the driver’s ride comfort. With
the dynamic parameters of the PVS, HPS, and NSES optimized, the r.m.s seat
acceleration in the vertical direction with the NSES is strongly reduced by
74.0% in comparison with the HPS; while the r.m.s accelerations of the pitching
seat angle and rolling seat angle with the PVS are greatly decreased by 99.1%
and 99.8% compared to the NSES. Therefore, the ride comfort of the driver’s seat
is remarkably improved by using the NSES while the driver’s seat shaking is
obviously ameliorated by using the PVS. To enhance the ride comfort and reduce
the shaking of the driver’s seat, a combination of the PVS and NSES should be
applied to the seat suspension of off-road vehicles.
Monitoring the vegetation stress coming from anthropogenic activities by modeling phenology using Sentinel-2 data
Authors: Mancino Giuseppe , Console Rodolfo , Greco Michele , Trivigno Maria Lucia , Falciano Antonio
Published: July 2023

The study aimed at verifying the existence of stress induced on the functionality of natural ecosystems by particularly impacting anthropogenic activities. In detail, a methodology has been developed to evaluate any alterations in the phenology of plant species in areas surrounding sites defined by Italian legislation as “potentially polluted”. Specifically, the study areas located in Basilicata (southern Italy) were intended for municipal solid waste management activities and, at some stage of their management, Potential Toxic Elements (PTEs) concentrations were recorded above the thresholds permitted by the current legislation. The phenological trends of the vegetation were analyzed at gradually increasing distances from the centroid of the sites and then compared with points of the same type of vegetation, very distant from the sites, in areas that were not reasonably impacted by any contamination. The reconstruction of the phenological trends was carried out using Sentinel-2 images approximately on a monthly basis from which the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was evaluated. Finally, the trends between areas adjacent the sites and unpolluted ones were statistically analyzed using dissimilarity indices which led to the conclusion of the non-existence of effects induced by PTEs on the functionality of the vegetation.
Niestacjonarność przebiegu temperatury powietrza nad obszarem Europy – zmiana reżimu termicznego w Europie w latach 1987–1989 i jej przyczyny
Authors: Marsz Andrzej A. , Styszyńska Anna
Published: July 2023

The study discusses changes in the average annual air temperature over Europe in the years 1931–2020. The results of the research show that in 1987–1989, there was a sudden change in the thermal regime over Europe and a discontinuity appeared in the course of this climatic element. In the years 1931–1988, despite the high inter-annual variability, the temperature trend was zero. A positive, statistically significant, temperature trend appeared after 1988. The entire warming in Europe, which can be estimated at ~2.3 deg, occurred after 1988. The discontinuity in the course was caused by an abrupt change in macro-circulation conditions in the Atlantic-Eurasian circulation sector, which manifests itself as a fundamental change in the frequency of the macrotypes of the mid-tropospheric circulation (500 hPa) according to the Wangengejm-Girs classification, causing an equally fundamental change in the weather structure. The change in macro-circulation conditions was forced by a change in the thermal state of the North Atlantic – a sharp increase in the intensity of oceanic heat transport to the north. The analysis showed that the annual variability of temperature over Europe was mainly influenced by natural processes, the variability of which explains ~65% of its variance. Radiative forcing, which is a function of anthropogenic increase in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, explains only 7–8% of the variability of the average annual temperature over Europe, being a secondary or tertiary factor in shaping its changes.
Funkcje wykonawcze u dzieci – dysonans między obserwacją dorosłego a umiejętnościami dziecka
Authors: Józefacka Natalia
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Executive functions have been the subject of intensive research in recent years. Both questionnaire tools and experimental tasks are used to measure them. A review of the literature on the subject indicates a significant but weak relationship between these two methods of measurement. It is worth emphasizing that, in the case of children, questionnaire measurement is very prone to errors caused by differences between indirect observation by parents or teachers. Aim: The aim of this article is to increase the current knowledge of the relationship between questionnaire measures and experimental tasks. In particular, this study aims to investigate differences between the observations of parents and teachers in the assessment of working memory and inhibition in children. The relationship between experimental and questionnaire tasks is studied, and a hypothesis regarding a stronger relationship between these two methods of measurement using latent variables is verified. Study group: The study was conducted on a group of 200 children, aged 5–6, attending preschool or the first grade of primary school. Result: In the analyzed group, the differences between the answers of teachers and parents were significant, but the effect size was low. The relationship between the individual subscales was also moderate. The relationship between questionnaire measurements and experimental tasks in the study group has been confirmed by other studies. The correlation coefficient between parents’ and teachers’ assessments is significant and low, ranging from 0.19 to 0.30. Conclusions: In conclusion, the obtained results confirm the observations of other researchers: task-based and questionnaire-based measures evaluate different constructs. Questionnaires capture more global expressions of executive functions in different life contexts (home, school) over longer periods of time, while experimental tasks assess basic cognitive abilities in a more predictable and structured environment.
The role of plasma atherogenic index in patients with NAFLD
Authors: KIRIK Ali , ŞEN Hacer
Published: July 2023

Background Plasma atherogenic index (PAI) is a novel index investigated in recent years related to cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. The role of PAI is not clear in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to examine the role of PAI in patients with NAFLD and its relationship with metabolic components.

Material and Methods This study was designed as a retrospective study, and the patients' files admitted to the Internal Medicine unit were retrospectively scanned. Within the scope of the study, demographic and laboratory data of the groups with and without NAFLD were compared.

Results A total of 234 patients were evaluated, 159 of which were NAFLD (age: 39.52 ± 10.38 years) and 75 controls (age: 38.07 ± 12.11 years) (p = 0.374). PAI level was statistically significantly higher in the NAFLD group compared to the control group (p = 0.006). In the whole group correlation analysis, PAI level and body mass index (p < 0.001, r = 0.363), waist circumference (p < 0.001, r = 0.366), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001, r = 0.333), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.001, r = 0.210), ALT (p < 0.001, r = 0.312), AST (p = 0.005, r = 0.182), fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.017, r = 0.157) and insulin resistance (p < 0.001, r = 0.302) values were positively correlated.

Conclusions PAI level was higher in patients with NAFLD; this index was associated with other metabolic components, especially insulin resistance. This indicates that the PAI level may be associated with clinical progression in the pathogenesis and course of the disease.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the US healthcare system
Authors: MAHMOOD Talha , MEDA Amith , TRİVEDİ Stuti , ANAMİKA Fnu , GARG Shreya , JAİN Rohit
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 epidemic had an enormous effect on the health of millions of individuals worldwide and the global economy. A shortage of doctors, nurses, personal protective equipment, and medicines was seen globally. The pandemic drew attention to limitations in the healthcare sector of the United States of America. The massive rise in the daily number of cases, more usage of ICU facilities and all the treatment modalities, and increased overtime compensation for the staff negatively impacted the hospital’s finances. This also affected the mental and physical health of all the healthcare workers. Through additional funding from federal relief legislation and the relaxation of many regulatory requirements, the federal, state, and local governments took significant steps to address the need for prevention and treatment services that arose from COVID-19 and the disruptions in healthcare delivery and finances resulting from the pandemic. Congress enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, on March 27th, 2020. This measure appropriated $2.2 trillion to offer immediate and direct economic assistance to Americans affected by the COVID-19 outbreak.
ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF CLAY MINERALS IN THE MUDSTONES OF THE KOLOSH FORMATION INRAWANDOZ AREA, NORTHEASTERN IRAQ
Authors: Mohammed Iqbal j. , Al-Mashaikie Sa'ad Z.
Published: July 2023

The mudstone/ shale units constituted 60% of the Kolosh Formation of 170 m thickness, which were studied and the clay minerals were identified to conclude the origin and paleoclimate. The studied area is located near the suture of Zagros Thrust Ophiolite Zone in NE Iraq. Kolosh mudstones contain chlorite, vermiculite, illite, nontronite, serpentine with varieties of mixed-layer clays. These clay minerals are of detrital and diagenetic origin, which are controlled mainly by the source rocks, paleoclimatic conditions and the burial diagenesis. Some of chlorite, chlorite/ vermiculite mixed layer, nontronite and smectite refer to hydrothermal origin comes from submarine basaltic flows and the high-temperature pore waters.The distribution of the clay minerals in the stratigraphic section of the Kolosh Formation controlled by episodic thrusting, episodic volcanic eruptions and interbedded sedimentary rock units. These are controlled by the changes in the paleoclimatic conditions, chemical weathering and the diagenetic processes.The clay mineral assemblages refer to be derived mainly from Fe-Mg rich minerals with minor Si-Al rich silicate minerals, which are very common in the ophiolites and associated basic volcanic rocks. These rocks composed the major lithological units in the Zagros Thrust Belt of NE Iraq.
USING WATER BALANCE TO ASSESS THE GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN THE AREA BETWEEN RUTBA AND DHABAA, WESTERN OF IRAQ
Authors: Al-Kubaisi Qusai Y. , Al-Kubaisi Mahmood H.
Published: July 2023

The study area is located in Al-Rutba city, Al-Anbar Governorate, western Iraq. The metrological data were collected during 1981 – 2016, and used to assess the climatic condition for the study area. The total annual rainfall was 113.3 mm and relative humidity was 47.1%, while the monthly average temperature was 20.1 °C, evaporation was 3074.3 mm, the wind speed was 2.6 m/s with a prevailing direction along the year was NW 29.2%. Data derived from the ratio of wind direction and sunshine duration was 9.2 h/day. The climate of the study area is described as an arid and relatively hot in summer, and cold with low rain in winter. During the 35 years' comparison period, the highest potential evapotranspiration value was 175.82 mm during July and August, while the lowest value was 7.758 mm in January, while the total amount was 970.612 mm. The highest value of the corrected evapotranspiration was 212.74 mm in July and the lowest value was 6.78 mm in January, while the total amount was 1072.021 mm. Water surplus was recorded in the study area was 19.849% of the total rainfall which was equivalent to 113.3 mm. The study area consisted of a thin layer (<0.1 m) of sandy soil, therefore, this thin layer was not considered. A number of key findings are presented which pertain to; the type of rainfall event, wind conditions, and the location. Hence, the value of groundwater recharge was 22.489 mm with a rate of 19.849% which represents the percentage of groundwater recharge from the total rainfall.