bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Color Correction Algorithm of Images Based on Histogram Matching
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Guang Xue
Published: November 2013

Different rendering conditions (e.g., changes in lighting conditions or atmospheric conditions, changes of the imaging system) often cause significant color differences between two images. In the prepress process, the brightness and hue between two images should be adjusted to be as similar as possible. Currently, we generally use image processing software such as PhotoShop to adjust the image manually, it’s complex and time consuming. In this paper, the color correction algorithm based on histogram matching was put forward and implemented. Only one image needed to be adjusted well previously as the reference image, and the mapping relationship was established on pixels between the histogram of the source images and the reference image, then the source images would have the histograms similar to that of the reference image, so that the images would have similar color characteristic and achieve image color correction finally. The experimental result showed that the realized color correction algorithm was effective, it could not only maintain the visual effect of images, but also eliminate the color differences between the reference image and the source images.
Extracting Golden Area from Image Based on Otsu Algorithm
Authors: Wu Ying , Zhao Xiu Ping , Jin Yang , Xu Yang
Published: November 2013

The paper suggested an algorithm to extract the golden region with tone change in an image as a printing plate information of metallic ink. It is based on HSV color space. A statistical hue range of golden color was used to separate the golden regions from the image, and Otsu algorithm was applied to acquire the tone of golden regions. The golden target regions are acquired by multiplication pixel by pixel between processed H values and the processed S values. The experiments were carried out on various images with different textures and background characteristics, and the segmentation effect were compared and analyzed also. They showed that the suggested algorithm is suitable for both simple and complex texture area. The color difference between image’s background and target influences the result of extraction, he large color difference is more suitable for segmentation.
Analysis of the Color Performance of Gold and Silver Foil Paper
Authors: Ding Ying Kun , Xu Yan Fang , Ke Yu Ting
Published: November 2013

The study on the method of the color measurement of gold and silver foil paper is important to control color quality in the printing industry. The methods used in the experiments were to study the role of the gold tone and silver tone by studying the influence of gold tone and silver tone with different content on the chromatic value of normal color ink with different tone and different saturation. In the experiments, chromatic value of SPIN and SPEX respectively in the diffuse light conditions of color measurement could represent the chromatic value of the ink containing gold or silver ink. Then the difference of L values between SPIN and SPEX was defined as lightness difference. The ratio of the difference of saturation between SPIN and SPEX to their sum was defined as saturation ratio. Therefore, the Correlation Properties between lightness difference and saturation ratio was quantified. The result shows that with the quantity of gold and silver ink increasing, saturation ratio has linear relation with lightness difference for the same color. Similarly, with the saturation of normal ink colors increasing, saturation ratio has linear relation with lightness difference for a series of colors containing the same quantity of gold and silver ink .
Research on the Color-Difference Evaluation of Food Package Printing Matter Based on the Human Visual Characteristics
Authors: Li Zhi Jian , Meng Qing Jun
Published: November 2013

In order to improve for the inadequacy of traditional evaluation methods, this paper researched a kind of color-difference evaluation method for the food package printing matter based on human visual characteristics. Research method is as follow: the reference image and the target image were transformed to the opposite color space, and were dealt with the human eye Contrast Sensitive Function (CSF) spatial filter. The modified three opposite color component of images were transformed into the CIE XYZ space image after CSF spatial filtering processed; finally the image was transformed to the CIELAB space image. The color-difference of the target image was calculated according to color-difference formula. The color-difference result of image is the calculation result with human visual characteristics filtering processed; it combines subjective evaluation with objective evaluation. The research could provide practical and effective evaluation method for the field of food package printing matter.
Application of Digital Watermarking Technology in Anti-Counterfeit Packaging
Authors: Zhao Xiao Mei , An Yong Cong , Li Xin , Duan Xiang Yi
Published: November 2013

Hiding information in a color image is an effective method for the purpose of anti-counterfeiting, it can accurately identify authenticity in a certain range, and it is not easy to be copied and replicated. A new kind of watermarking algorithm for halftone images is proposed. Firstly the color image is treated as R, G, B single channel images, by using error diffusion algorithm the single channel image is converted into a halftone image, and then the watermark information is embedded in the halftone image by the proposed scheme of pixel swapping. Experimental results show that large amount of information can be embedded and extraction of the watermark information is clear, under conditions of rotating, clipping, etc, the watermark information still can be effectively extracted. This scheme can be used in packaging anti-counterfeiting printing.
Research of the Wavelet Transform Printing Forgery Prevention Algorithm Based on Chaotic Characteristics
Authors: Yuan Ya Qian , Chen Guang Xue
Published: November 2013

From the prospect of the printing forgery prevention technology, this paper systematically analyzed the principles of digital watermark in printing forgery prevention technology, based on this, it proposed wavelet transforming printing forgery prevention algorithm based on chaotic characteristics, in this paper, by using digital watermark image scrambling technology based on chaotic mapping to encrypt the wavelet transforming coefficient, then choose the different K value in chaotic mapping and the size of the scrambling image to combine the the cryptography technology and the wavelet transforming technology for resisting the various printing forgery attack effectively. In the end, the author made a detailed design about the wavelet transform printing forgery prevention system which based on chaotic characteristics and put it into fact by VC++, then validated the algorithm by experimental result, then compared it to the traditional watermark algorithm from the aspect of the image compression and anti attack ability to prove the stability and robustness of the algorithm this paper proposed.
Study about Influencing of Printing Process on Gravure Printing Ink Transfer
Authors: Deng Pu Jun , Fang Wei , Lu Jian Dong
Published: November 2013

Abstract. Gravure printing has the characteristics including thick ink layer, bright and homochromatic color, rich and sharp tone, and strong stereoscopic impression. In the packaging-printing field, gravure printing gets more and more attentions. But in the region of gravure printing process, the study on gravure printing ink transfer is not as deep as offset print. Most researches just stay in the level of qualitative analysis, but the quantitative analysis researches are still insufficient. The factors which impact gravure printing ink transfer are not only the volume of engraving ink cell, but also printing process. In this paper, gravure printing ink transfer is analyzed quantitatively from the point of views of gravure printing pressure, printing speed, scraping blade pressure and ink viscosity. The following research has been done in this paper. Firstly, electronic engraving machine is used to engrave eight different area ink cells by 45° ink cell angle and 70lpc screen line number on the same gravure roller. Secondly, gravure proofing machine is used to make proofs in different process conditions. Thirdly, density meter is used to determine density of cell ink, and balance is used to determine the weight of ink which moves from the plate onto the paper. Finally, to analyze the influence of different printing processes on gravure printing ink transfer. The research results show that gravure printing ink transfer is influenced certainly by different printing processes. Printing process has a certain influence on the gravure printing ink transfer, and the influence degree of different dot area rate of cell is different. The doctor blade pressure and ink viscosity influence greatly gravure printing ink transfer.
3D Printing of Topographic Map Based on UV Ink-Jet Printer
Authors: Wang Huan Mei , Chen Guang Xue , Zhang Wen Bo
Published: November 2013

Traditional maps have the characteristics of high and low terrain, using the method of contour. Although contour map can express relief form, the stereo sense is not intuitive. In this paper, according to the characteristics of UV inkjet printer, the designed test pattern was printed, ink layer thickness of different colors was measured to establish a quantitative relationship between ink thickness and ink layers. The contour map of Taiwan was chosen, in graphics processing software, to extract the contour vector image according to its elevation. According to the relationship between ink thickness and ink layers, the corresponding relation table between the actual elevation and ink layers was established. Layered corresponding table was designed, according to the contour of layered principle. The experimental result shows that the color topographic map with stereoscopic effect can be obtained, through UV ink-jet printer.
Research on Color Reproduction of UV Fluorescent Inkjet Ink
Authors: Yang Ling , Wei Xian Fu , Huang Bei Qing , Zhang Wan , Wen Lin Jian
Published: November 2013

Counterfeit and shoddy food is becoming more and more rampant, which has put forward higher request towards the food packaging anti-counterfeiting materials and technology. UV fluorescent inkjet ink not only can greatly improve the situation, also can enhance the artistic effect of packaging. What’s more, it is more difficult to counterfeit. In order to obtain color reproduction regular pattern of UV fluorescent inkjet inks, grey scale which contented 21 levels was respectively printed. The color reproduction abilities of three kinds of fluorescent inkjet inks were compared. The effects of lightness and glossiness of the paper on the color reproduction of fluorescent inkjet inks were discussed. The white balance was adjusted by changing the dot percentages of fluorescent inkjet inks. The experimental results showed that color reproduction regular patterns and abilities of red, green and blue UV fluorescent inkjet inks were different. The lightness and glossiness of paper had a great influence on color reproduction; the white with maximum lightness had been obtained.
Research on Ink's Dot Area Percentage's Prediction in Digital Printing Based on Spectrum Analyzing
Authors: Zhao Chen Fei , Han Qing , Chen Yong Chang
Published: November 2013

Digital printing can print directly the information which will be printed on the package box by digital print machine and internet or computer, which removes the procession of color separation, makeup, plate-making in the traditional printing. The digital print can print any number package box at any time and at any place, which can realize the variable data printing, and which has a price advantage in the short version printing. Therefore, digital printing is a good method for personalized packaging printing.In digital printing, color control is important for print quality detection. In this paper the dot area percentage of cyan, magenta, yellow ink can be predicted by measuring the color’s spectral reflectance in order to control the ink’s amount in digital print and realize the color’s precise control of cyan, magenta, yellow. In the prediction model of three color ink’s dot percentage, the characteristic of spectral reflectance curves for the various color ink is analyzed, and each ink’s high reflectivity and low reflectivity which is high correlation with the dot percentage is chosen and is calculated by normalization method in order to get each ink’s dot area percentage’ prediction model. At last by measuring the paper’s spectral reflectance and the using normalization method, paper’s color can be described, and the effect of paper on monochrome color ink’s dot area percentage can be analyzed. The research has important significance for packing box’s digital printing’s color high-fidelity reproduction.
Experimental Study on Food Packaging Decoration Printing Based on Digital Hand-Painted Plate-Making
Authors: Zhang Yu , Huo Li Jiang , Yuan Ya Nan
Published: November 2013

This paper proposes a method of drawing natural and full of vitality printed original, adopting Sketchpad online painting software to simulate artificial hand-painted, and combines traditional plate-making technique to reappear the decoraton pictures of food packaging.The optimized process parameters are obtained through experiments, in order to provide technicalreference for designing and making new decoration printing products of food packaging based on the digital hand-painted plate-making in quantity. The results show that the optimized process parameters when printing pressure is 2.5kgf/cm2,the angel of scraper is 70° , screen distance is 9mm, mesh count is 200mesh/cm, are more suitable to present decoration effect required by food packaging, and the color error of printing products on the substrate of paper material is minimum. Contrasting the picture decoration effect presented by printing products shows that, the art hand-painted expression of food color, shape and taste based on sketchpad software possesses the advantage in enriching aesthetics of food packaging design and restoring reality of the sale food, The purpose is to help consumers know the food clearly, furthermore improve quality and market competitiveness of food packaging.
Influence of Ink Performance on Ink-Jet Printing Quality
Authors: Tian Hai Ying , Wei Xian Fu , Huang Bei Qing
Published: November 2013

The era of environmental protection and personalization has become increasingly prominent, and people not only focus on the beauty of the design, but also pay more attention to the quality of the clothing. For inkjet printing, the viscosity and surface tension of ink are major factors that affect the quality of ink-jet printing. In order to obtain a better print quality, the samples of five different viscosity and surface tension of ink were prepared respectively by changing the content of the resin and the surface active agent. Using these samples to print on the fabric by Epson printer, and to discuss the influence of the ink in different viscosity and surface tension on the ink-jet printing quality, such as apparent color depth (K / S), color parameters (L, C), permeability, clarity. The results showed that: with the increase of the ink viscosity, the apparent depth of color yield increased gradually and became darker in color. L value decreased gradually and had a increasing trend, and tends to be stable. C value increased and vividness of the color was improved. And it also had a certain impact on the infiltration resistance and clarity. Surface tension also had a significant impact on the depth of the apparent color, vividness of the color and directly affected the ink permeability and clarity.
Study on the Printing Quality Evaluation Parameters of Inkjet PP Synthetic Paper
Authors: Yin Xing , Hao Xiao Xiu , Sun Cheng
Published: November 2013

IIndoor photo has been widely used in products of shopping malls publicity, light box advertising, wedding photography, posters, engineering and landscape effect picture, digital photo album, art photo, antiquing canvas and window advertising. PP synthetic paper which was the most common indoor photo materials was selected as the research object, and it was printed by the photo printing machine. A series of experiments were carried out according to its printability. The main parameters of PP synthetic paper such as solid density, dot gain and relative contrast were tested, which provided a theoretical and practical basis for digitization of indoor photo.
Research on Image Detection Technology of Printing Based on Dynamic Partitioning Method
Authors: Chen Li , Tang Wan You
Published: November 2013

Nowadays, many domestic printing enterprises still rely on artificial visual means to weed out waste, labor-intensive, time-consuming, subjective factors serious influence, the test results not being uniform, especially with the improvement of printing speed, gradually unable to meet the needs of the production. In order to solve the problems in the conventional assay and promote the development of China's printing industry productivity, there is an urgent need to develop the quality of printing online full screen detection system, with the rapid development of modern printing technology, the objective is to test and evaluate. In this paper, machine vision inspection technology, digital image processing technology is used in order to achieve the online testing and feedback of print quality. Dynamic partitioning method is based on standard proofs and proofs of defective segmentation and matching. According to the type of image resolution and the desired accuracy of detecting the type of design image segmentation method, thereby performing the detection and analysis of the color information. Secondary identification defect classification technology is used to change the defect classification, and then display the corresponding defect types. Compared with the traditional printing quality, the high detection print quality inspection speed and precision requirements have been reached, thereby the overall quality of the printed product is improved.
Design of Intermittent Precise Measurement Device of Injectable Powder Packaging Machine
Authors: Sun Zhi Hui , Xiao Wei
Published: November 2013

The packaging machine of injectable powder is the equipment in pharmaceutical industry. Its lack of market competitiveness because it cant reach the advanced level in measuring speed, accuracy, adaptability of dose changes, the long developing cycle of new product and the design methods are backward. Therefore, the modern design method of virtual prototype was used to design the structure and working parameters has realistic significance.
Study on the Covering Property of White Water-Based Flexo Ink
Authors: Gong Ying , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu
Published: November 2013

Covering property (CP) is the most important performance of white ink. In order to research the CP of white water-based flexo ink, this paper studies the component part of ink, which is prepared by changing (a) the variety of both pigments and resins, (b) the ratio of pigment to resin, (c) the variety and the content of dispersants and (d) the variety of film-forming resins. This paper tests the diameter size and coating it onto the surface of the covering power test paper to get their CP data. It has been testified that the dispersion property is the major factor that influences the CP of the white water-based covering ink. The variety of both pigments and resins, the ratio of pigment to resin are the key factors for the CP; the result also proves that different kind of dispersants and contents are also important factors that influence the dispersion property.
A Study on Migration of Contamination from Paper Cups to Ethanol by HPLC
Authors: Du Wei Wei , Yue Qing Qing , Wang Ying , Xu Ya Ning , Wang Jian Qing
Published: November 2013

The main objective was to develop a technique by high performance liquid chromatography to study migration of contamination from packaging material of three samples of paper cups with different properties. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and benzophenone (BP), which are the most commonly used in paper packaging material, are regarded as stimulant of contamination, alcohol is selected as food stimulant.The obtained data indicated that migration has a relationship with the type of contamination,concentration of food stimulant.Analysed by1stOptsoftware with experimental result, the rule of migration of DBP and BP can be studied.
Detecting PAEs in Bottled Water by SPE-LC/QQQ
Authors: Liu Yu Zi , Xing Ying Hao , Wu Jun
Published: November 2013

In this study, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), combined with Triple Quadruple mass Spectrometry (QQQ) were developed and applied in the analysis of 16 phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the common drinking water. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out by Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM). The method, combined with Solid Phase Extraction, was established to detect the PAEs in drinking water. As showed by the results, 16 PAEs had a good linearity in the range of 1.14~101.4μg/L, with correlation coefficient between 0.996~0.999. The mean recoveries were in the range of 87.53~131.37%, with the relative standard deviation be 0.71~5.09%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of 16 PAEs were between 1.14~32.51μg/L, with the limit of detection (LOD) be 0.34~10.67μg/L. There were five PAEs which were detected in the range of <1.7~17.2μg/L in bottled water. Some products have some PAEs which havent been shown in the national or the international standard of the drinking water.
Application of Internet of Things Technology in Tracing to Food Source
Authors: Shi Rui Zhi , Yang Kun , Su Qiang , Zhou Xiao , Shi Han Zhong
Published: November 2013

At present, one-dimension codes are printed on food packaging, so is the bar code on the same kind of food. However, this method can only manage the same type of food. It cannot manage the single food. For this reason, we cant achieve the goal of tracing to the food source. The model of Internet of Things mainly includes the perceptual layer, the transport layer and the intelligent application layer. The perceptual layer recognizes objects through sensing devices and collects the exclusive identification on food, then connects to the wireless network or wire network through interface. In transport layer, by means of internet or LAN, the data which has already been collected by the perceptual is transferred to the information center or network administration center for processing and analyzing. According to the needs of tracing to food, the application layer source provides service call interface or API platform service to reach the depth integration of the information and traces to food source management, which can realize the intelligent operation management of food manufacturing and circulation. This paper proposes the Sense organs of Internet of Things, which is composed of the two-dimensional code technologies, RFID technology and sensor technology, wireless sensor networks or wired sensor networks composed of "nervous system". And then it makes full use of the variable information printing technology to print exclusive code on the single food packaging, and uses RFID reader register large quantities of food rapidly. It also uses database management software and user terminal to track the whole process of food production and circulation, in which food can be checked and inquired by network search platform.
Research of Organic Vegetables Safety Traceability System in Agricultural Enterprise Based on RFID Technology
Authors: Yang Yong , Zhao Xiu Ping
Published: November 2013

Taking full advantages of RFID technology relative to barcode, we collect the data of every link of organic vegetables including breeding, growing, fertilizing, farming, inspecting, harvesting, logistics and distribution. In view of the agricultural enterprises own characteristics, we develope the organic vegetables safety traceability system. In this system, not only can our customers take part in every link of organic vegetables traceabilty, but also purchase all kinds of rest asured organic vegetables online. The agricultural enterprise can also monitor each link of the organic vegetables. Linking to the governmental food security management platform, the system will not only enhance the food security management level, but also promote the healthy development of the agricultural industry.
A Two-Factor Product Anti-Counterfeiting and Secure Tracing Management System Based on RFID and Two-Dimensional Bar Code
Authors: Xu Wen Kai , Zhao Xiu Ping
Published: November 2013

The progress of market economy and information technology makes fake and in-ferior a chance, much attention has been paid to research the safe and practical anti-counterfeiting means. Aimed at the defects of traditional and RFID anti-counterfeiting, this paper is to design a two-factor product anti-counterfeiting and secure tracing management system which can realize the functional requirements of brand anti-fake and quality traceability based on RFID and two-dimensional bar code. This paper starts from the significance of constructing the system, puts forward design ideas based on the traceability requirements of common model of the supply chain, builds a multi-level, multi-user rights and the whole process of dynamic management and a traceability of anti-counterfeiting validation service platform, designs double identify traceability system security management with a function of information query, quality tracking, production management, security authentication, tracking, feedback evaluation, basic to meet the needs of some merchandise to the supply chain, to achieve the purpose of the security and traceability.
Research on the Conductivity of UV-Curable Conductive Ink
Authors: Gu Ling Ya , Wang Guo Yu , Wang Dan Dan
Published: November 2013

In order to fulfill the demand of fine circuit board, a UV-curable conductive ink was prepared, and the factors affect conductivity of ink was studied. Different UV conductive paste was prepared with different kinds of conductive material to research the influence of conductive material on the conductivity of paste. Change the variety of photoinitiator to prepare UV-curable conductive ink, and the effect of photoinitiator on the conductivity of ink was also studied. The results indicated that the variety of conductive material has a great influence on the conductivity of UV-curable ink. The ink, which prepared with flaky and spherical silver powder, has the best conductive property. Whats more, the conductivity of UV-curable ink is different with the change of photoinitiator, which would lead different cross-linking reaction after curing.
Study on Europium Polymeric Fluorescent Material and Paper-Based Screen Printing Fluorescent Security Ink
Authors: Meng Jie , Sun Cheng , Wang Jian Qing
Published: November 2013

Screen printing fluorescent security inks can be widely applied in the field of anti-counterfeiting packaging and printing special. Paper-based screen printing fluorescence security ink was prepared by europium polymer fluorescent material as fluorescent agent, alkyd resin etc as links, meanwhile various additives were added. The performance of europium polymer was studied by IR, UV spectra, fluorescence spectra, and fluorescent security performance of ink were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometer, the results showed that the fluorescence emission spectrum was narrow, and had a main peak at 612nm and high fluorescence efficiency, so this ink had good fluorescence security performance. The fineness,viscosity,stability etc printability of the ink were studied by fineness gauge, viscosity meter, the test result showed that the ink had good printability, can be applied in the security printing process of screen printing.
Preparation of the Microfibrillated Cellulose and its Application in the Food Packaging Paper
Authors: Liu Li , Chen Yun Zhi , Zhang Zheng Jian
Published: November 2013

Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was prepared from the bleached kraft hardwood pulp using TEMPO/NaClO/NaBr oxidation system and high pressure homogenization. By changing dosages of the TEMPO, NaClO and NaBr, the pressure and times of homogenization, pretreatment and homogenization process were optimized. Experimental investigation indicated that for making MFC of high quality, 0.25%TEMPO, 2.5%NaBr, 60%NaClO (based on oven dry pulp), 20 times of homogenization, pressure of 60MPa in the process of treatment were required. At last, the mechanical and barrier properties were tested after the base paper was coated by homemade MFC. The study suggested that mechanical properties (especially 5 times increase of the folding strength) increased substantially and air permeability decreased by 100times.
Research on the Whiteness of Eye-Protection Wrapping Paper
Authors: Li Zhi Jian , Meng Qing Jun
Published: November 2013

Whiteness of wrapping paper is the main affecting factor of printed matter color rendition, the higher the whiteness, the better the results of color rendition. But the result of pursuiting high whiteness is that human eyes are harmed by the photic stimulation of paper-based printed matter. To solve the mentioned above problem, this paper preliminary researches the correlation between paper whiteness and asthenopia, the correlation between printing quality and paper whiteness, for finding out appropriate whiteness that can meet the eyes comfort and have better printing quality. Results show the asthenopia occurs easier as whiteness of wrapping paper increases. Besides, the paper samples with the whiteness values as 89.4% and 96.2% have the better printing quality, and the samples with the whiteness values as 84.6% have the worse printing quality relatively, but the quality gap is not big. Results show the whiteness of samples is between 84.6% and 89.4%, human eyes dont feel asthenopia and the printing quality is better. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for printing and packaging enterprises to choose paper which are suitable for printing packing and have eye-protection function, and contribute to the human eye protection.
Surface Sizing Aided Effect on the Printing Performance of Decorative Base Paper
Authors: Zhang Zheng Jian , Han Yu Tong , Chen Yun Zhi , Shen Pan Pan
Published: November 2013

With the development of estate and decoration industry, decorative paper become more and more popular, people's needs and requirements are also increasing. However, compared with imported decorative base paper, domestic decorative base paper have a lot of quality problems. In order to improve the performance of domestic decorative paper, surface sizing was used to improve the printing performance and final product quality of domestic decorative base paper in this study. Starch and styrene-acrylic emulsion (SAE) were used as the surface sizing agents for the surface treatment of decorative base paper by the German SUMET coating machine in this paper. Under the conditions of sizing roll pressure of 250N, sizing speed 9m/min, drying temperature and time of 100°C and 70s respective, the effects of metering roller type (No.40 and No.30) and different ratios of starch and SAE ratio (10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1 and 30:1) on the decorative base paper printing performance were investigated in this paper. The optimal sizing conditions and formulation for decorative base paper were as follows: roll pressure 250N, sizing speed 9m/min, drying temperature and time of 100°C and 70s respective, No.30 metering roll, the ration of starch and SAE 20:1. Under this conditions, printing runnability of decorative base paper such as the tensile strength, smoothness were increase greatly and the pH value reached the national standard, the printability such as the color density, tone reproduction range were improved.
Numerical Simulation Method to Analysis of Strengthening Effect in the ZhongLong Park
Authors: Li Jin Kui , Fan Yue Bo , Su Hua Zhong
Published: November 2013

Landslide is a kind of global geological disasters, causing casualties and huge economic losses to many countries and regions. Analysis on the study of slope stability is very important geotechnical engineering in the field of content. Taking Dalian Xinghai long garden landslide as an example, based on the detailed investigation of geological disasters in Dalian Xinghai area, using the Soilworks software to analyse evaluation of landslide treatment effect.
The Risk Analysis of Dam Gate Based on Bayesian Network and Hydraulic Mechanics
Authors: Ma Guo Dong , Peng Hui , Jiang Qiang Qiang , Li Mi , Zhang Jin Lai , Wu Sheng Liang
Published: November 2013

Risk analysis is an important part of the dam safety risk management. The uncertain factors causing the failure of the gate is very complex, including the gate design and manufacturing, management operation, some man-made factors, etc. The traditional risk analysis method has certain limitation. Bayesian networks can quickly and effectively solve the failure probability of the system and for a direct analysis on the effects of every system component by a two-side inference, so as to locate the system weakness and adopt effective measures. This paper based on Bayesian network, through the example of Bayesian network in the application of dam gate risk analysis.
A Kinetic Study of Wetland Plant Suaeda salsa L. Pyrolysis Using Thermogravimetric Analyzer
Authors: Yan Hua Xiao , Zhao Hui , Liu Qi , Ai Yan Xiang , Zhang Yan , Wang Chang Long , Zhou Shi Xue , Han Zuo Zhen
Published: November 2013

The Suaeda salsa L. has been discovered to be a great potential as a new kind of renewable energy. The pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of S. salsa were investigated at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30°C/min under nitrogen atmosphere respectively. The most probable mechanism function was deduced using Popescu method, which is a three-dimensional diffusion function (), and n=-2/3. Activation energy and pre-exponential factors were studied through the FWO, KAS and Popescu methods. The results showed that the activation energy increase as the pyrolysis process and three stages were observed in the TG-DTG curves of S.salsa. The results showed that S.salsa as a pyrolysis feedstock has a great potential and a good prospect in bio-oil production.
Research on Sensitivity of Ag/AgCl Electrode to the ELFE
Authors: Zhang Kun , Song Yu Su , Zhou Li Qing , Chen Lei
Published: November 2013

A device transmitted alternating electric field signal under water was designed to test the sensitivity of Ag/AgCl electrode to the ELFE. The uniformity of ELFE signal inside the device was tested by solid powder-pressed Ag/AgCl electrode at several place selected in the vertical direction and the horizontal directio. Then, Ag/AgCl electrode simples fabricated by three kinds of technology were tested in the device to contrast the sensitivity of them. Experimental results show that the potential difference between detecting electrodes were proportional to the electrodes spacing. As change the vertical depth of detection electrode from the surface, the testing result did not change. After contrasting test, the results of solid powder-pressed Ag/AgCl electrode were the best. So it is more suitable to be the ELFE detection sensor. With the development of marine exploration and detection, Extremely Low Electric Field (ELEF) detection has become an important research project [. High performance electric field electrode is essential to ocean exploration. Currently, the research of detecting electrode is in infancy. Although the published papers on electrode self-noise and long-term stability are many [2], the sensitivity of detecting electrode was researched less [3]. As the main solute of seawater are strong electrolyte, the high-frequency electric field can be attenuated by the seawater in the transmitting process [4]. Only the ELEF can be detected under seawater from long distance. According to the electric signal transmitting characteristics underwater, a device transmitted alternating electric field signal under water was designed to test the sensitivity of Ag/AgCl electrode to the ELFE[5]. The uniformity of ELFE signal inside the device was tested by solid powder-pressed Ag/AgCl electrode at several place selected in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Then, Ag/AgCl electrode simples fabricated by three kinds of technology were tested in the device to contrast the sensitivity of them.
Multiobjective Optimization for Reliability Improvement in Power Distribution Systems with the Lowest Investment Costs
Authors: Rosado Ignacio Juan Ramírez , Alba Enrique Zorzano
Published: November 2013

This paper presents a multiobjective optimization method, using an enumerative procedure for determining the optimal number and the optimal locations of sectionalizing switches and protective devices, in order to achieve the best ENS (Energy Not Supplied) reliability index with minimal investment cost in distribution network systems with several substations (STR). To achieve this, two objective functions are optimized: one defined by an ENS reliability index and the other defined by the economic investment costs. From all the achieved solutions, the non-dominated solutions are selected, which represent the best results for each economic investment. Thus, the planner can utilize a support tool for decision-making regarding investment and installation of sectionalizing switches and protective devices, taking into account the technical and economic limitations imposed by the electric utility.
Research of High-Power Underwater Explosive Based on Analysis of Underwater Energy
Authors: Huang Qiu An , Xu Geng Guang , Wei Yong Jiang , Liu Xue Mei
Published: November 2013

In this paper,by researching the underwater energy output structure of explosion and improving the technical method to enhance the energy of underwater high-power explosive,a new type of underwater high-power PBX explosive was developed. This type of PBX,of which the underwater shock wave energy was 1.75 TNT equivalent and its bubble energy was 2.41 TNT equivalent,was suitable for the main charge of underwater weapon warhead and its energy archived the domestic leading level.
An Improved Synthesis of 3β-Cholesteryl Halides Involving i-Steroid and Retro-i-Steroid Rearrangements
Authors: Xie Zhen Biao , Gong Shan Shan , Sun Qi
Published: November 2013

Treatment of 3β-cholesteryl methanesulfonate with tetrabutylammonium halides in the presence of BF3·Et2O provides a mild and efficient method for the preparation of 3β-cholesteryl halides via i-steroid and retro-i-steroid rearrangements. The utilization of tetrabutylammonium halides avoided the moisture sensitivity and lowered the cost of reagents for the reported method based on trimethylsilyl halides.
A Novel Synthesis of Glycosylated AZT-5'-Phosphoramidates
Authors: Ma Cha , Liu Guo Dong , Li Xing Jian , Gong Shan Shan , Sun Qi
Published: November 2013

A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of O-AZT-5-O-glycosyl-1-phosphoramidate diesters via H-phosphonate intermediates has been developed.
Study on In Situ Purification Technology for Improving Water Quality of Reservoir Water
Authors: Zhang Hua Dong , Yu Yan Zhen , Tang Jie , Wang Juan Ting
Published: November 2013

In-situ purification technology is used to improve the water quality of reservoir water, which uses the biofilm formed by enrichment microbes gathering on carrier system to purify water. Results indicate that total nitrogen and algae can be effectively removed, and the average removal rate of total nitrogen and the chlorophyll a is 18.1% and 25% respectively. The result of PCR-DGGE indicates that compared with the biological community in raw water, the biofilm on ecological carriers exhibit a more diverse population structure. Fluorescent pseudomonad which can effectively remove nitrogen and pseudomonas aeruginosa which can dissolve algae have formed stable microbial population structures in the in- situ purification area.
Resource Potential Classification Evaluation of E2S42 Shale Oil in Damintun Depression
Authors: Yan Xin Tong , Chen Guo Hui , Xue Hai Tao , Li Jin Bu , Wang Xin
Published: November 2013

Shale oil resource potential classification evaluation is needed to precisely calculate the resource potential and prepare for the prediction of shale oil sweet spots. Geochemical analysis results shows that the E2S42 shale in Damintun Depression has strong hydrocarbon generation capacity. The classification evaluation criteria of E2S42 Shale oil in Damintun Depression was established according to the triple-division characteristic of measured TOC vs. S1. The shale oil oiliness parameter S1 was obtained by using improved logR method. The loss of hydrocarbon was recovered by chemical kinetics method. Volumetric method was used to calculate different grades of E2S42 shale oil in Damintun Depression. Grade I resource is 334 million tons. Grade II resource is 33 million tons. Grade III resource is 15 million tons. Grade I resource accounts for over 90% of the total resource content. High value area mainly concentrated near Well Shen223 and Well Shen224. Results shows that the E2S42 shale in Damintun Depression has good resource potential.
Analysis of the Accumulation Conditions for Volcanic Gas Reservoirs: A Case from Deep Yingcheng Formation, Southern Part of Songliao Basin
Authors: Wu Yi , Tian Wei Chao
Published: November 2013

Volcanic gas reservoir in deep Southern Songliao Basin has became source for incremental oil and reserves. Due to the low degree of exploration, study on the accumulation condition for volcanic gas reservoir is insufficient, to some extent, influencing the effectiveness of exploration. In this paper, the accumulation conditions for volcanic gas reservoir have been analyzed systematically including the source rock conditions, reservoir conditions, sealing conditions, conducting conditions and trap conditions. The study results show that large-scale coal-bearing strata in Shahezi Formation can provide sufficient gas for volcanic gas reservoir: the fracture systems in deep volcanic rocks can communicate with the earlier developed pores, fractures and caves, forming good reservoir and flow space; It contains multiple rock types with good preservation condition, the mudstone in first member of Quan Formation is better regional seal. Mudstone in third and fourth member of Denglouku Formation and Shahezi Formation are favorable local seals, with good seal capability for volcanic rocks gas accumulation in Yingcheng Formation. ontains three types of transporting pathways: permeable formation, unconformity and fault.
Regulated Emissions Characteristics of a Common Rail Diesel Engine Fueled with Different N-Butanol/Diesel Blends
Authors: Chen Yu Jie , Lou Di Ming , Fan Xiao Xu , Zhang Tao , Fan Wen Jia
Published: November 2013

Regulated emissions of a China stage Vcommon rail diesel engine without modification fueled with China stageV diesel (D100) and different n-butanol/diesel blends are tested. The blends are 0%10%20%30% and 50% by volume of n-butanol. The influences of COTHCNOx and PM emissions by the fraction are analyzed. The results show that, under full load conditons, compared with D100, with the fraction increasing, the emission of NOx increased at low speed and then differed little at medium and high speed; CO, THC decreased respectively; PM differed little at low speed and then decreased with the speed increasing. At the maximum torque speed 1400r/min and rated speed 2200r/min , compared with D100,the emission of NOx under low load and COTHC under high load decreased respectively. With the load increasing, the engine emissions of particle number concentration transfer from the multimodal logarithmic distribution to unimodal logarithmic distribution form.
Oil Distribution Laws and Main Controlling Factors Analyses of Fuyu Reservoir in Xinmiaoxi-Xinbei Area
Authors: Zeng Bing Yan , Ma Shi Zhong , Wang Wen Guang , Cheng Jing Yun
Published: November 2013

The distribution of oil and water in Xinmiaoxi-Xinbei area Fuyu reservoir is very complicated and the variation of productivity is very large. The distribution on the whole is continuous,but there are special hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics that lower place oiliness but high location multi-water. From the six major geological factors: source, reservoir and cap rock, trap, migration,and preservation condition, synthetically considering the distribution of mature source rock, underwater distributary channels distribution, the matching relation of fault and sand, single trap and inherited palaeostructure, combined with the distribution regular of reservoir to study the enrichment regularity of research. Finally find that this research area has a accumulate characteristics, that is, ancient tectonic controlled potential, the single trap reservoir control the reservoir, lithology control boundary, single sand bodies control layer. Among these, the high ancient structure formed before the peak of hydrocarbon expulsion is the advantage point oil and gas migration, is also the main control factors of continuous distribution of oil and gas; Single trap is the main controlling factor of the complex oil-water distribution that "high position is water and low position is oil", and then we can determine the cause of the complex regularities of oil-water distribution.
Characterization and Physical Properties of Chitosan Modified APMP
Authors: Wang Pei Pei , Zhao Chuan Shan , Chen Zhang Pan , Han Wen Jia
Published: November 2013

With the development of world's paper industry, strength agent has become increasingly wide spread and more important.This paper describes a method for modified APMP with Chitosan, we make studies on using chitson to improve the properties of paper, and compare the effect of them based on experimential results. As a result of study,it can be concluded: The pH value and the dosage of chitosan have a great influence on the physical strength of paper.When the pH was 6 and the dosage of chitosan was 1%,the tensile index of paper could reach 30% above.
Research on Biological and Mechanical Modification of Pulp to Improve the Strength of Paper
Authors: Long Ai Yun , Zhao Chuan Shan , Li De Gui , Jiang Yi Fei , Han Wen Jia
Published: November 2013

By the preceding experiments, we concluded that the optimum conditions for laccase treatment were: the concentration of laccase 16U/g dry pulp, the pulp consistency 5%, temperature 50 °C, pH=5.0 and reaction time 90min. We studied the change of water retention value and carboxyl content changes under the best conditions. As well as we studied the effect of pulp strength properties by biological treatment combined with mechanical treatment. Moreover, environmental scanning microscope images showed that more collapse and more fibrillation were observed on the beating combined with laccasehistidine-treated fiber surface than the control samples, which led to form better bonding between fibers in handsheets resulting in the increase of the paper strength of beating combined with laccasehistidine-treated OCC pulp.
The Research on Preparation Technology of Poplar Slab Dissolving Pulp
Authors: Bing Li Juan , Wu Chao Jun , Wang Dai Qi , Yu Dong Mei
Published: November 2013

In this paper, prehydrolysis was used as the first treatment of poplar slab for producing high-grade dissolving pulp, the optimum prehydrolysis conditions of poplar were obtained as followings: liquid ratio 1:6, H2SO41.0%, the highest temperature of 160±5°C, heating time of 90min, holding time of 120min. Hydrolyzed poplar slab was cooked to determine the effects of various alkali charges on pentosans, alpha-cellulose, kappa number, and degree ofpolymerization (DP). The optimum cooking process conditions of poplar were obtained as followings: alkali dosage 24%, sulfidity 5% ,the highest temperature of 160±5°C, heating time of 60min, holding time of 120min.Cooked pulps were bleached using Op-Q-P sequence. As a consequence, the poplar slab dissolving pulp of pentosan 3.73%, alpha-cellulose 95.13%,kappa number1.58, brightness 86.4%ISO, degree of polymerization (DP) 488.84 was obtained in our laboratory.