bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Czasowe odebranie zwierzęcia właścicielowi lub opiekunowi na podstawie art. 7 ustawy o ochronie zwierząt
Authors: Dajnowicz-Piesiecka Diana
Published: September 2022

W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia instytucji czasowego odebrania zwierzęcia jego właścicielowi lub opiekunowi określonej przez ustawodawcę w art. 7 ustawy o ochronie zwierząt z 1997 r. Możliwość wydania decyzji o czasowym odebraniu zwierzęcia odgrywa niezwykle istotną rolę w obszarze prawnej ochrony zwierząt, ponieważ pozwala podjąć stosunkowo szybkie i realne działania uniemożliwiające dalsze krzywdzenie zwierzęcia przez osobę, która powinna się nim opiekować i dbać o odpowiednie warunki jego funkcjonowania. Autorka opracowania, na podstawie analizy przepisów, literatury przedmiotu oraz orzecznictwa, omówiła w nim reguły obowiązujące w zakresie wydawania decyzji o czasowym odebraniu zwierzęcia, wynikające zarówno z art. 7 ust. 1 u.o.z. (traktującego o odbiorze zwierzęcia w tzw. trybie zwykłym), jak i z art. 7 ust. 3 u.o.z. (tzw. tryb interwencyjny).
Odpowiedzialność za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych jako szczególna postać odpowiedzialności administracyjnoprawnej
Authors: Horubski Krzysztof
Published: September 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przyjęcie stanowiska w przedmiocie charakteru prawnego i kwalifikacji gałęziowej odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych. Problem ten wynika z istotnego przemieszania się w regulacji prawnej tej postaci odpowiedzialności elementów właściwych prawu administracyjnemu oraz prawu karnemu. Ustalenia autora artykułu prowadzą do wniosku o dominacji aspektów administracyjnoprawnych w ramach tytułowej odpowiedzialności, co przesądza o jej kwalifikacji gałęziowej. Także postacie i intensywność sankcji nie uzasadniają wniosku o karnym (kryminalnym) charakterze omawianej regulacji prawnej. Niemniej jednak odnośnej odpowiedzialności nie można uznać za typowy przykład odpowiedzialności administracyjnoprawnej m.in. ze względu na istotny stopień subiektywizacji jej ponoszenia.
Antecedencje prawa własności w Republice Włoskiej: od rzymskiego rygoryzmu do utylitaryzmu Thomasa Hobbesa
Authors: Kamińska Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Włoska koncepcja własności, utrwalona w art. 42 Konstytucji z 1947 r., ma bogate i zróżnicowane jurydyczne i filozoficzne antecedencje. Wyrosła ona na obszarze kulturowo i cywilizacyjnie tożsamym z obszarem rdzenia Imperium Romanum. Czerpała przede wszystkim z dorobku jurysprudencji rzymskiej. Pozostając w kręgu katolickiej tradycji chrześcijaństwa, nawiązuje do prospołecznych i antropocentrycznych wątków tomizmu i średniowiecznej myśli chrześcijańskiej. Nie były jej obce przemyślenia filozofii utylitarystycznej (Thomasa Hobbesa) oraz „indywidualizmu własnościowego” Johna Locke’a.
Incommodum accolentium. Kilka uwag na marginesie interdyktu ne quid in flumine publico fiat, quo aliter aqua fluat
Authors: Kamińska Renata
Published: September 2022

W prawie rzymskim dostęp do miejsc publicznych, choćby takich jak rzeki, był otwarty dla wszystkich. Swobodne korzystanie z nich wiązało się jednak z podwyższonym ryzykiem wystąpienia szkód zwłaszcza w majątkach mieszkańców nabrzeża. Dlatego kierując się przede wszystkim ich interesem i dbając o ich bezpieczeństwo, pretor zapowiedział w swoim edykcie interdykt ne quid in flumine publico fiat, quo aliter aqua fluat. Na jego mocy zabroniono wykonywania bądź umieszczania na rzece publicznej lub jej brzegu czegokolwiek, co mogłoby spowodować, że woda będzie płynęła inaczej niż ubiegłego lata. Zmiana nurtu była z reguły konsekwencją niedozwolonego odprowadzania wody przez osoby prywatne, a więc w zbyt dużych ilościach albo w nieodpowiednich miejscach. Wskutek tych czynności stan wody w rzece mógł się zmienić, rodząc niebezpieczeństwo incommodum dla okolicznych mieszkańców (accolentes). Niemniej prawo czerpania wody z publicznych cieków per se było powszechne, dlatego mogło dochodzić do ścierania się interesów jednostek jednakowo uprawnionych do korzystania z miejsc publicznych. W edykcie pretor wytyczył granice swobodnego dostępu do rzek oraz wskazał podstawy zapowiadanej ochrony interdyktalnej.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 14 kwietnia 2021 r., I CSKP 28/21 (niepubl.)
Authors: Zacharzewski Konrad
Published: September 2022

Komentowany wyrok Sądu Najwyższego został poświęcony ocenie odpowiedzialności odszkodowawczej domu maklerskiego. Dom maklerski pośredniczył w sprzedaży inwestorowi obligacji emitenta, który zbankrutował. Inwestor nie mógł odzyskać środków pieniężnych od emitenta. Pozwał więc dom maklerski (pośrednika), zarzucając mu naruszenie prawa, polegające na zatajeniu prawdziwych informacji na temat kondycji finansowej emitenta. Inwestor sprawę przegrał, chociaż w stanie faktycznym występują elementy, które można zakwalifikować jako misselling. Ocena prawna nieuczciwych zachowań instytucji finansowych stała się przedmiotem rozważań. Wniosek jest taki, że zatajenie przez instytucję finansową prawdziwych informacji na temat kondycji emitenta stanowi czyn niedozwolony tej instytucji finansowej.
Recenzja: A. Doliwa, Funkcje zasad współżycia społecznego w prawie cywilnym, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2021, ss. 198
Authors: Bączyk Mirosław
Published: September 2022

W ocenie autora recenzji autor monografii podjął się ambitnego i trudnego zadania usystematyzowania i przedstawienia zasadniczych i szczególnych funkcji zasad współżycia społecznego we współczesnym systemie prawa cywilnego w Polsce. Wykorzystał rozległą literaturę i orzecznictwo. Przedstawił także szerokie obszary występowania zasad współżycia społecznego w systemie prawa cywilnego oraz konstrukcję tzw. klauzul generalnych i ich znaczenie prawne. Monografia niewątpliwie inspiruje do dalszych badań nad dogmatycznym ujęciem tzw. idei słuszności w prawie cywilnym. Wywody autora pracy przemawiają za utrzymaniem konstrukcji zasad współżycia społecznego de lege lata i de lege ferenda mimo głosów krytyki w tym zakresie.
Dla kogo te oklaski?
Authors: Orzechowski Emil
Published: September 2022

The article points to major acting partners of Modjeska. On stage, Modjeska wanted to be faithful to the author, however, the characters she performed were often much more interesting than the text implied, which sometimes caused a confusion in the case of translated dramas. Notwithstanding her in dividual ‘stardom,’ she believed in the idea of the collective effort in theater. She noticed vast differences in the role of the play director in Poland, America, and England. She tried to have a say in the overall staging and invested considerable amounts in sustaining their own production team, making costumes and props, selecting music.
Modrzejewska i Rapacki
Authors: Kuligowska-Korzeniewska Anna
Published: September 2022

Helena Modjeska and Wincenty Rapacki – eminent representatives of the 19th-century ‘age of stars’ – met on provincial stages at the beginning of their acting careers. In 1863, they performed in thirty plays together, including Mazepa by J. Słowacki, Barbara Radziwiłłówna by A. Feliński, and Hernani by V. Hugo, in Stanisławów and Czerniowce. Some of these creations, such as Adrianna Lecouvreur and Michonnet in the play by E. Scribe and E. Legouvé, were enthusiastically received and the actors brought them to Krakow (since 1865), which testifies to their talents and the meticulous preparation of the parts. In Krakow, they appeared together in about forty performances (vaudevilles, operettas, comedies, tragedies, and melodramas) mainly of French origin as well as historical dramas on Polish themes. Owing to the theater director S. Koźmian and Rapacki, most prominent in this repertoire were parts in Shakespeare’s tragedies and comedies. These creations (among others, Julia and Friar Laurence in Romeo and Juliet, Desdemona and Iago in Othello, Cleopatra and Enobarbus in Antony and Cleopatra, and Viola and Malvolio in Twelfth Night) made Modjeska famous as a preeminent Shakespearean actress and she was partnered in the Warsaw Government Theaters by the most esteemed artists (J. Królikowski, B. Leszczyński, B. Ładnowski and W. Rapacki)
„Mój pierwszy Romeo”. Helena Modrzejewska i Bolesław Ładnowski
Authors: Maresz Barbara
Published: September 2022

Helena Modjeska and Bolesław Ładnowski were among the most outstanding performers of Shakespearean characters in the Polish theater of the second half of the 19th century. For the first time, they met on the Krakow stage in 1865 and while initially Ładnowski remained overshadowed by his acting partner, over time his enormous effort and commitment made him one of the most important tragedians on the Polish stage. The article describes artistic contacts of Modjeska and Ładnowski: first, their engagement in the Krakow theater, and later, their encounters during guest performances. The extant letters also shed light on social life, in particular, Ładnowski’s friendship with Karol Chłapowski.
Donia Sol, Lord Pilgrim i Aleksander hrabia Przezdziecki. Prawda, zmyślenia, zagadki
Authors: Jędrzejczyk Anna
Published: September 2022

The February 1868 issue of the Paris magazine L’Artiste featured a portrait of H. Modjeska. It was a lithography made in J. Lemercier’s study which presented the actress in the costume of Donia Sol. The image was supplemented with a sonnet and a letter of ‘a curious one’ to his friend, signed ‘Lord Pilgrim.’ Apart from a description of Krakow, the letter praised the acting talents of the Polish artist. All this was meant as a publicity stunt and as it turned out, the project was originated by Aleksander Przezdziecki, scholar and theater expert, who borrowed the penname of ‘Lord Pilgrim’ from Arsène Houssaye, an editor in L’Artiste and a writer. Therefore, it was wrongly assumed that Lord Pilgrim was Aleksander Przezdziecki, as repeated by many Modjeska’s biographers for a long time. Houssaye continued to publish his texts in L’Artiste under this penname for years after Przezdziecki’s death. Modjeska did not perform in Paris. However, Count Przezdziecki was making efforts to bring her to the stage of the Warsaw Government Theaters (WGT). He had many influential friends in Warsaw, was widely respected and won the trust of Sergey Mukhanov, the president of the WGT, who let the Krakow actress perform in Warsaw on her own conditions and subsequently be hired. The account of the events is retained in extant letters. In the context of these developments, the article presents the person of Aleksander Przezdziecki, a great Polish patriot and an eminent historian of Poland who sought out items connected with Poland all over Europe. He catalogued and described them in detail and authored important publications based on sources that got irretrievably lost afterwards. Until today, these texts continue to be used by researchers in their publications.
Helena Modrzejewska i Józef Kotarbiński. Związki artystyczne
Authors: Sobieraj Tomasz
Published: September 2022

Helena Modjeska (born in 1840 in Krakow), the greatest Polish actress of the second half of the 19th century, strongly influenced Polish theater life. The circle of her admirers included Józef Kotarbiński (born in 1849), a literary and theater critic, publicist, writer, and then an actor and manager as well. Kotarbiński often reviewed Modjeska’s acting. From the end of the 1870s to 1903, they appeared together in several plays. Kotarbiński always stayed in the shadow of his famous partner (for instance, his performance as Helmer in’ A Doll’s House by Ibsen was criticized as completely unprepared and contrasted with Modjeska’s highly celebrated role as Nora). In 1899, he became the director of the Krakow City Theater. He managed to organize manyguest performances of Modjeska in her home town. Artistic relationship between these two pivotal figures of the 19th century Polish theater life lasted over 30 years. There is no doubt that Kotarbiński contributed to creating Modjeska’s legend as a world-famous Polish actress.
„Teatr o tyle ma dla nas znaczenie…”
Authors: Kłak-Ambrożkiewicz Marta
Published: September 2022

The artistic activity of Jan Matejko (1838-93) was focused around the historical- patriotic interests as well as the research passion of mastering the relicts of the past and protecting them against damage. Matejko was developing these interests alongside his artistic talent and as the mature painter he was in position to satisfy his collecting passion and gather a considerable collection. He travelled a lot, visited various museums and famous monuments, and conducted thorough historical and ethnographical studies. The artist is presented here in light of extant letters, memoirs, and a diary by Matejko’s secretary.
Michał Chomiński o Helenie Modrzejewskiej. Wypisy z Notat
Authors: Jarząbek-Wasyl Dorota
Published: September 2022

The text presents excerpts from Notaty (Notes) by Michał Chomiński, actor and chronicler of Warsaw theater, insofar as he refers to personal and professional life of Helena Modjeska, an eminent member and guest star of Krakow and Warsaw theaters in 1865-85.
Calibration of Stratified Random Sampling with Combined Ratio Estimators
Authors: Muili Jamiu Olasunkanmi , Singh Ran Vijay Kumar , Onwuka Gerald Ikechukwu , Audu Ahmed
Published: September 2022

This study considered modification of combined ratio type calibration estimators in stratified random sampling using calibration estimation approaches. The estimators of population mean in stratified random sampling depends on the strata estimated sample means. However, the means are sensitive to the extreme values or outliers in the sample observations of the study variables and strata sizes respectively. A new sets of calibration weights and property of the suggested combined calibration estimators of population mean in stratified sampling were derived. Empirical study through simulation was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the modified combined ratio-type calibration estimators of population mean obtained and the results revealed that the suggested estimators of population mean performed better than some existing estimators considered in the study.
Rare Occurrence of Extradigital Glomangioma in the Prepatellar Bursa of a 40-Year-Old: A Case Study
Authors: Crawford Dylan C , O’Malley Michael , Samuel Linsen T
Published: September 2022

Introduction: A solitary subcutaneous mass can be a common clinical finding for patients symptomatic for knee pain, especially when direct pressure by kneeling on the anterior aspect of the knee causes pain. Case Report: We present a 40-year-old who noticed a small fluid filled mass that has become progressively larger and more painful over the past 7 years. The patient’s primary complaint was sharp pain with direct contact. Ultimately, a surgical excision was performed to remove the mass. The histopathological report came back as a glomangioma, a subtype of a glomus tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest reported case of a glomangioma of the knee. Conclusion: Glomus tumors found on the digital and subungual regions of patients are a common clinical finding. An extradigital occurrence of a glomangioma, a subtype of a glomus tumor, is rarely found, especially in younger patients. Therefore, a histopathological examination must be done after the removal of any subcutaneous mass.
Novel Approach for Posterior C1 Double-door Laminoplasty with Atlantoaxial Fusion in Progressive Cervical Myelopathy: A Case Report
Authors: White Christopher A , Weiner David , Cho Samuel K , Kim Jun S
Published: September 2022

Introduction: This report describes a novel approach for spinal cord decompression using C1–C2 atlantoaxial fusion with bilateral C1 hinge laminoplasty. Hypothetically, this approach ensures that the stenotic spine is decompressed while simultaneously retaining C1 density for subsequent fixation. Similar techniques have been used in previous case reports for revision procedures or for fusions beyond the atlantoaxial joint. Case Report: Here, an 83-year-old man with psoriatic arthritis, instability, paresthesia, and motor dysfunction regained strength without symptom progression at 7 months follow-up from cervical spine surgery. This patient had no prior surgical interventions at C1–C2. The pre-operative modified Japanese Orthopedic Association scale score was a 9 preoperatively and a 10 at final post-operative follow-up. Conclusion: This case provides an alternative to anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, laminectomy, or laminoplasty for progressive myelopathy relief in the geriatric population. Neurosurgeons and orthopedic spine surgeons alike may benefit from utilizing this technique, potentially reducing the occurrence of reoperations or revisions due to instability and or cervical stenosis.
Bilateral Traumatic Anterior Hip Dislocation – A Case Report
Authors: Paul Nirvin , Ahuja Yogesh , Pragadeeshwaran J , Gopurathingal Anto
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Traumatic anterior hip dislocation is less common than posterior dislocation and bilateral anterior hip dislocation is a very rare presentation. Early diagnosis and treatment are of paramount importance to prevent complications. Here, we report a case of traumatic bilateral anterior hip dislocation following a high-velocity motor vehicle accident. Case Report: A 26-year-old man was brought to the emergency department following high-energy trauma due to a motor vehicular accident. He was in considerable pain with both hips in flexion, abduction, and external rotation. There was a restriction to the range of movement at bilateral hip joints. Clinical and radiological examination revealed bilateral anterior hip dislocation. Conclusion: Isolated anterior, obturator type of dislocation involving both hip joints with no other associated bony injury is quite unusual. The diagnosis and treatment have to be prompt. The chances of complications are high.
Anterior Spinal Surgery Requiring Thoracotomy for Post-Operative Hematoma Removal: Two Case Reports
Authors: Mukaihata Tomohito , Shiga Yasuhiro , Inage Kazuhide , Eguchi Yawara , Ohtori Seiji , Orita Sumihisa
Published: September 2022

Introduction: We report two cases that required revision surgery with thoracotomy for massive hematoma after anterior kyphorectomy surgery. Case Report: A woman with significant thoracolumbar kyphosis due to L1 vertebral fracture showed associated vertebral instability and pain resistant to conservative treatment. She underwent surgery for a one-stage anterior kypholectomy with spinal fusion. We performed an extrapleural approach. On the 4th post-operative day, the patient developed respiratory distress with decreased SpO2. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a left hemothorax with active bleeding. Revision surgery was performed to arrest the bleeding, and a large hematoma in the thoracic cavity was observed around the intercostal artery just below the skin incision, not around the surgical site. A man suffered from impaired activities of daily living caused by postural abnormalities due to severe kyphosis from vertebral fractures at the L1 and L2 vertebrae. Thus, we performed two-stage kypholectomy surgery. First, we performed posterior fixation with posterior facet resection. Then, corpectomy of the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae through an anterior extrathoracic approach was performed. A CT scan on the 2nd post-operative day showed a massive hemopneumothorax, indicating persistent bleeding, and we performed a revision surgery to open the chest for additional hemostasis. Intraoperative findings showed a large hematoma, including reactive pleural effusion in the subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, and intrathoracic cavities. Conclusion: We experienced two patients who required thoracotomy hematoma removal after anterior spinal surgery. Intraoperative patronage and adequate hemostasis are necessary to avoid post-operative complications such as hemothorax and hemopneumothorax.
Cooccurrence of Fragility Fracture of the Pelvis with Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Ohyama Shuhei , Inoue Masahiro , Nakajima Takayuki , Kubota Go , Ohtori Seiji , Aoki Yasuchika
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) are caused by low-energy impacts and can occur spontaneously in patients with severe osteoporosis. The clinical symptoms of FFP are frequently vague and nonspecific. Moreover, the symptoms of FFP can mimic lumbar spine pathologies. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of FFP is often difficult and the fracture may be misdiagnosed as lumbar degenerative disease. However, little is known regarding what kind of symptoms due to lumbar degenerative disease are similar to the symptoms of FFP. Case Report: We encountered two cases in which FFP developed during the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease with radiculopathy. Both patients had undergone conservative treatment for lumbar degenerative disease, but their symptoms gradually worsened and they presented with gait disturbance. FFP was diagnosed by imaging, and surgery was required in one case. Both cases showed L3 foraminal stenosis on the image, and the symptoms of L3 radiculopathy presented with thigh pain, hip pain, and knee pain, which is similar to the pain site of FFP. Therefore, diagnosis of FFP was difficult. Conclusion: In lumbar degenerative diseases presenting with radiculopathy, the pain site may be similar to that of FFP, which may make diagnosis of FFP difficult. Therefore, especially in patients with lumbar degenerative disease presenting with L3 radiculopathy, it is necessary to consider the possibility of FFP and perform MRI imaging to make an early diagnosis when the symptoms change.
Globally surveying in English: Investigation of the measurement equivalence of a job satisfaction measure across bilingual and native English speakers
Authors: Mueller Karsten , Hattrup Keith , Straatmann Tammo
Published: September 2022

The present research investigated measurement equivalence of organizational attitude surveys across bilingual and native English respondents. Results largely supported the equivalence of the measure of job satisfaction when administered in English to bilingual and native English‐speaking respondents.
Long-distance laser Doppler water flow velocimetry method based on adaptive Gaussian weighted integration
Authors: Li Yujun , Zhao Xiangkai , Wang Jinxin , Xi Xiaoli , Li Dongmei
Published: September 2022

Velocity measurement has a high
application value in hydrological monitoring and flood disaster
warning. The long-distance laser Doppler water flow velocimetry
technology has the advantage of strong anti-interference ability and
high spatial resolution, and it can realize the high-precision
measurement of water flow velocity. Because water flow has low
reflectance characteristics, how to extract Doppler frequency from
weak non-stationary coherent signals is a crucial problem to be solved
to realize long-distance water flow velocity measurement. However, the
classical method requires the time domain signal to have high
stationarity and is not suitable for processing the coherent signal in
the water flow velocity measurement. Aiming at this problem, we
proposed a water flow velocimetry method based on adaptive Gaussian
weighted integral (AGWI). First, the spectral characteristics of the
coherent signal are analyzed in detail, and a statistical model of
weak non-stationary signals is established. A second-order Kaiser
self-multiplication window (KSMW) is designed to suppress spectral
leakage for the asynchronously sampled data. Then, an adaptive
homogenization power spectral subtraction (AHPSS) is designed to
reduce system noise. Finally, the Doppler spectrum reconstruction and
Doppler frequency estimation are performed using the AGWI method to
obtain the Doppler frequency, which is further processed to get the
water flow velocity. The experimental results show that the method
proposed in this paper can achieve accurate and stable measurement of
river surface velocity under long-distance conditions.
High photoluminescence quantum yields generated from N-Si-O bonding states in amorphous silicon oxynitride films: erratum
Authors: Zhang Pengzhan , Zhang Leng , Wu Yaozheng , Wang Sake , Ge Xuefeng
Published: September 2022

We present an erratum to our paper [Opt. Express 26 31617 (2018)10.1364/OE.26.031617OPEXFF1094-4087]. Due to the statistical requirements of the postdoctoral outbound assessment, the first organization of the research articles must be “Nanjing University”. As all our experimental data in this article is done in the laboratory of Nanjing University, so “Nanjing University” should be used as the first organization to meet the appraisal requirements of the postdoctoral workstation.
Towards reliable quantification of cell state velocities
Authors: Marot-Lassauzaie Valérie , Bouman Brigitte Joanne , Donaghy Fearghal Declan , Demerdash Yasmin , Essers Marieke Alida Gertruda , Haghverdi Laleh
Published: September 2022

A few years ago, it was proposed to use the simultaneous quantification of unspliced and spliced messenger RNA (mRNA) to add a temporal dimension to high-throughput snapshots of single cell RNA sequencing data. This concept can yield additional insight into the transcriptional dynamics of the biological systems under study. However, current methods for inferring cell state velocities from such data (known as RNA velocities) are afflicted by several theoretical and computational problems, hindering realistic and reliable velocity estimation. We discuss these issues and propose new solutions for addressing some of the current challenges in consistency of data processing, velocity inference and visualisation. We translate our computational conclusion in two velocity analysis tools: one detailed method κ-velo and one heuristic method eco-velo, each of which uses a different set of assumptions about the data.
Correcting motion induced fluorescence artifacts in two-channel neural imaging
Authors: Creamer Matthew S. , Chen Kevin S. , Leifer Andrew M. , Pillow Jonathan W.
Published: September 2022

Imaging neural activity in a behaving animal presents unique challenges in part because motion from an animal’s movement creates artifacts in fluorescence intensity time-series that are difficult to distinguish from neural signals of interest. One approach to mitigating these artifacts is to image two channels simultaneously: one that captures an activity-dependent fluorophore, such as GCaMP, and another that captures an activity-independent fluorophore such as RFP. Because the activity-independent channel contains the same motion artifacts as the activity-dependent channel, but no neural signals, the two together can be used to identify and remove the artifacts. However, existing approaches for this correction, such as taking the ratio of the two channels, do not account for channel-independent noise in the measured fluorescence. Here, we present Two-channel Motion Artifact Correction (TMAC), a method which seeks to remove artifacts by specifying a generative model of the two channel fluorescence that incorporates motion artifact, neural activity, and noise. We use Bayesian inference to infer latent neural activity under this model, thus reducing the motion artifact present in the measured fluorescence traces. We further present a novel method for evaluating ground-truth performance of motion correction algorithms by comparing the decodability of behavior from two types of neural recordings; a recording that had both an activity-dependent fluorophore and an activity-independent fluorophore (GCaMP and RFP) and a recording where both fluorophores were activity-independent (GFP and RFP). A successful motion correction method should decode behavior from the first type of recording, but not the second. We use this metric to systematically compare five models for removing motion artifacts from fluorescent time traces. We decode locomotion from a GCaMP expressing animal 20x more accurately on average than from control when using TMAC inferred activity and outperforms all other methods of motion correction tested, the best of which were ~8x more accurate than control.
Evaluation of Jordan’s citizens’ awareness of the emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease: A mixed analysis of the symptoms, transmission, and preventive measures
Authors: Almazari Inas , Bdeir Roba , Basheer Haneen A.
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to evaluate Jordan citizens’ awareness, knowledge, and practice concerning Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) symptoms, routes of transmission, and preventive measures. An online self-administered questionnaire was filled out completely by participants (N = 328) from mainly four major cities in Jordan during the period beginning of May-end of September 2020. Participants’ main sources of knowledge about COVID-19 were the government websites (87.8%), social media (87.5%), and Television (TV) (81.1%). The majority of participants valued the drizzle of cough from infected individuals (96.3%), direct contact with contaminated surfaces (91.5%), and direct contact with infected individuals (84.5%) as the highest rates of the route of transmission. The highest rates chosen as symptoms of COVID-19 viral infections were high-grade fever (99.1%), troublesome breathing (96.6%), coughing (92.7%), headache (91.2%), and loss of smell and taste (80.8%). The majority of participants (>92%) strongly agreed on the behavioral protective measures such as no face touching, wearing a mask, the use of alcoholic hand disinfectants, and the need for self-isolation. This study showed that the Jordanian citizens were aware of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and related infection preventive measures. This agrees well with the efforts done by the Ministry of health and governmental organizations to spread the necessary information about the virus among citizens.
Endemic mycoses in South Africa, 2010–2020: A decade-long description of laboratory-diagnosed cases and prospects for the future
Authors: Mapengo Rutendo E. , Maphanga Tsidiso G. , Grayson Wayne , Govender Nelesh P.
Published: September 2022

Background

Emergomycosis, histoplasmosis, sporotrichosis and blastomycosis are endemic to southern Africa; the first two are AIDS-related mycoses. We described laboratory-diagnosed cases of endemic and imported mycoses in South Africa over a decade and discuss available diagnostic tools, reasons for the current under-estimation of cases and future strategies to improve case ascertainment.

Materials and methods

We analysed electronic pathology laboratory data from all public laboratories and one large private laboratory in South Africa from 2010–2020. Diagnostic specimens processed at the national mycology reference laboratory were also included. We classified cases as proven, probable and possible based on the method of identification.

Results

We identified 682 cases, of which 307 were proven, 279 were probable and 96 were possible. Of 307 culture-confirmed cases, 168 were identified by phenotypic methods plus sequencing, 128 by phenotypic methods alone and 11 by direct PCR. Of 279 probable cases, 176 had yeasts observed on histology, 100 had a positive Histoplasma antigen test and 3 a positive pan-dimorphic PCR test. All 96 possible cases had compatible clinical syndrome with inflammatory infiltrates on skin tissue histology. A majority of cases had an unspecified endemic mycosis (207/682, 30.4%), followed by sporotrichosis (170/682, 24.9%), emergomycosis (154/682, 22.6%), histoplasmosis (133/682, 19.5%), blastomycosis (14/682, 2.1%) and talaromycosis (4/682, 0.6%).

Conclusions

This study reports a relatively low number of cases over a decade considering an estimated large population at risk, suggesting that a substantial fraction of cases may remain undiagnosed. There is a need to increase awareness among healthcare workers and to develop rapid point-of-care diagnostic tools and make these widely accessible.
Estimating economic and disease burden of snakebite in ASEAN countries using a decision analytic model
Authors: Patikorn Chanthawat , Blessmann Jörg , Nwe Myat Thet , Tiglao Patrick Joseph G. , Vasaruchapong Taksa , Maharani Tri , Doan Uyen Vy , Zainal Abidin Syafiq Asnawi , Ismail Ahmad Khaldun , Othman Iekhsan , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn
Published: September 2022

Background

Understanding the burden of snakebite is crucial for developing evidence-informed strategies to pursue the goal set by the World Health Organization to halve morbidity and mortality of snakebite by 2030. However, there was no such information in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.

Methodology

A decision analytic model was developed to estimate annual burden of snakebite in seven countries, including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Lao PDR, and Myanmar. Country-specific input parameters were sought from published literature, country’s Ministry of Health, local data, and expert opinion. Economic burden was estimated from the societal perspective. Costs were expressed in 2019 US Dollars (USD). Disease burden was estimated as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate a 95% credible interval (CrI).

Principal findings

We estimated that annually there were 242,648 snakebite victims (95%CrI 209,810–291,023) of which 15,909 (95%CrI 7,592–33,949) were dead and 954 (95%CrI 383–1,797) were amputated. We estimated that 161,835 snakebite victims (69% of victims who were indicated for antivenom treatment) were not treated with antivenom. Annual disease burden of snakebite was estimated at 391,979 DALYs (95%CrI 187,261–836,559 DALYs) with total costs of 2.5 billion USD (95%CrI 1.2–5.4 billion USD) that were equivalent to 0.09% (95%CrI 0.04–0.20%) of the region’s gross domestic product. >95% of the estimated burdens were attributed to premature deaths.

Conclusion/Significance

The estimated high burden of snakebite in ASEAN was demonstrated despite the availability of domestically produced antivenoms. Most burdens were attributed to premature deaths from snakebite envenoming which suggested that the remarkably high burden of snakebite could be averted. We emphasized the importance of funding research to perform a comprehensive data collection on epidemiological and economic burden of snakebite to eventually reveal the true burden of snakebite in ASEAN and inform development of strategies to tackle the problem of snakebite.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Azami Milad , Nasirkandy Marzieh Parizad , Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh Hadi , Ranjbar Reza
Published: September 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the death of many people worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared vaccine resistance as one of the greatest health threats in the world even before the COVID-19 epidemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women.

Method

We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. We applied the standard search strategy to the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and EBSCO databases, and the Google Scholar search engine. Heterogeneity between studies was relatively high and therefore meta-analyses were performed based on random effects model with 95% CI using STATA version 16.

Results

In 16 articles with a sample size of 19219 pregnant women, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine was estimated 53.46% (95%CI: 47.64%-59.24%). Subgroup analysis was performed based on continent (p = 0.796), data collection method (p = 0.450) and meta-regression based on the month of the study (P<0.001), and only meta-regression was significant based on the month of the study. The effect of some variables such as graviad (OR = 1.02 [95%CI: 0.90–1.16]), maternal age was (OR = 1.02 [95%CI: 0.93–1.11]) and history of influenza vaccination (OR = 0.87 [95%CI: 0.71–1.06]) on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was evaluated, which was not significant.

Conclusion

The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant women was 53.46%, which was much lower than the general COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, necessary interventions should be taken to increase the acceptance of the vaccine, address safety concerns and educate about it.
Maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy and neurobehavioral problems in offspring at 3 years: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Sznajder Kristin K. , Teti Douglas M. , Kjerulff Kristen H.
Published: September 2022

Background

Acetaminophen is one of the most commonly used drugs during pregnancy globally. Recent studies have reported associations between prenatal exposure to acetaminophen and neurobehavioral problems in children, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders. Little research has investigated these associations in preschool-age children or the potential confounding effects of prenatal stress. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and offspring neurobehavioral problems at the age of 3 years, with a focus on the potentially confounding effects of prenatal stress.

Methods

We used data from the First Baby Study, a prospective cohort study conducted in Pennsylvania, USA, with 2,423 mother-child pairs. Women reported medication use and completed a prenatal stress inventory during their third trimester. Child behavioral problems were measured at the age of 3 years, using the 7 syndrome scale scores from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for ages 1 ½ to 5.

Results

There were 1,011 women (41.7%) who reported using acetaminophen during pregnancy. Children who were exposed to acetaminophen during pregnancy scored significantly higher on 3 of the 7 CBCL syndrome scales: withdrawn, sleep problems and attention problems. Scores on all 7 of the CBCL syndrome scales were significantly associated with prenatal stress. After adjustment for prenatal stress and other confounders, 2 syndrome scales remained significantly higher in children exposed to acetaminophen: sleep problems (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.01–1.51) and attention problems (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.01–1.45).

Conclusions

These findings corroborate previous studies reporting associations between prenatal exposure to acetaminophen and attention problems in offspring and also show an association with sleep problems at age 3 years. Because use of acetaminophen during pregnancy is common, these results are of public health concern and suggest caution in the use of medications containing acetaminophen during pregnancy.
Understanding the expression of loneliness on Twitter across age groups and genders
Authors: Andy Anietie , Sherman Garrick , Guntuku Sharath Chandra
Published: September 2022

Some individuals seek support around loneliness on social media forums. In this work, we aim to determine differences in the use of language by users—in different age groups and genders (female, male), who publish posts on Twitter expressing loneliness. We hypothesize that these differences in the use of language will reflect how these users express themselves and some of their support needs. Interventions may vary depending on the age and gender of an individual, hence, in order to identify high-risk individuals who express loneliness on Twitter and provide appropriate interventions for these users, it is important to understand the variations in language use by users who belong to different age groups and genders and post about loneliness on Twitter. We discuss the findings from this work and how they can help guide the design of online loneliness interventions.
CVR-MRICloud: An online processing tool for CO2-inhalation and resting-state cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) MRI data
Authors: Liu Peiying , Baker Zachary , Li Yue , Li Yang , Xu Jiadi , Park Denise C. , Welch Babu G. , Pinho Marco , Pillai Jay J. , Hillis Argye E. , Mori Susumu , Lu Hanzhang
Published: September 2022

Cerebrovascular Reactivity (CVR) provides an assessment of the brain’s vascular reserve and has been postulated to be a sensitive marker in cerebrovascular diseases. MRI-based CVR measurement typically employs alterations in arterial carbon dioxide (CO2) level while continuously acquiring Blood-Oxygenation-Level-Dependent (BOLD) images. CO2-inhalation and resting-state methods are two commonly used approaches for CVR MRI. However, processing of CVR MRI data often requires special expertise and may become an obstacle in broad utilization of this promising technique. The aim of this work was to develop CVR-MRICloud, a cloud-based CVR processing pipeline, to enable automated processing of CVR MRI data. The CVR-MRICloud consists of several major steps including extraction of end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) curve from raw CO2 recording, alignment of EtCO2 curve with BOLD time course, computation of CVR value on a whole-brain, regional, and voxel-wise basis. The pipeline also includes standard BOLD image processing steps such as motion correction, registration between functional and anatomic images, and transformation of the CVR images to canonical space. This paper describes these algorithms and demonstrates the performance of the CVR-MRICloud in lifespan healthy subjects and patients with clinical conditions such as stroke, brain tumor, and Moyamoya disease. CVR-MRICloud has potential to be used as a data processing tool for a variety of basic science and clinical applications.
Genome-wide identification of the ZIP gene family in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and expression analysis under different element stress
Authors: Gao Feng , Li Jing , Zhang Jing , Li Nenghui , Tang Chaonan , Bakpa Emily Patience , Xie Jianming
Published: September 2022

The ZIP protein (ZRT, the IRT-like protein) is an important metal transporter that transports Zn, Fe, and other divalent metal ions in plants. In this study, we identified 20 ZIP genes in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). We used bioinformatics methods and renamed them according to their E value in hmmsearch. We also analyzed their gene structure, chromosomal location, constructed a phylogenetic tree, conserved motifs, performed synonymous analysis and responses to abiotic stresses. The results show that these LsZIP genes have 3–11 exons and were distributed unequally on 8 of the 9 chromosomes in lettuce. Based on phylogenetic analyses, the LsZIP gene family can be divided into three subfamilies, and the LsZIP genes within the same subfamily shared similar gene structure. The LsZIP genes contain 12 Motifs, of which Motif1 to Motif8 are widely distributed in group Ⅰ. Furthermore, the LsZIP gene contains numerous hormones and anti-stress response elements. Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated that most LsZIP genes is up-regulated under the elemental stress in this experiment, indicating that they are positively regulated. But different elemental stressors can induce the expression of LsZIP gene to varying degrees. The LsZIP genes also change in response to different elemental stresses. The present study serves as a basic foundation for future functional studies on the lettuce ZIP family.
Intergenerational wealth transmission and homeownership in Europe–a comparative perspective
Authors: Cohen Raviv Or , Hinz Thomas
Published: September 2022

The literature on social and wealth inequality has long acknowledged the importance of intergenerational wealth transmission (IWT) to inequality in homeownership tenure. However, it has paid insufficient attention to the institutional structures that moderate these inequalities. Therefore, in this study, we ask how institutional factors via differential housing finance systems and governmental housing policies, moderate the association between IWT and homeownership tenure. This is done by using the framework of housing regime configurations and mortgage market financialization. To do so, we pooled data for 20 European countries from the European Central Bank’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for 2010–2017, for household heads aged 25–40. Our main findings show consistent contradiction to the welfare state–homeownership “trade-off” hypothesis: that is, when the rental market is more heavily regulated, it is actually young adults who benefited from IWT or who received higher value of IWT have a higher probability of mortgaged homeownership. Paradoxically, when housing finance institutions are more active and generous, the wealthiest young adults hold an advantage in mortgaged homeownership. Therefore, liberal mortgage markets actually serve to enable wealthier young adults to reproduce and preserve their parental wealth status. Further, when housing prices are less affordable (median mortgage-to-income ratio), those who have received a higher amount of IWT hold an advantage in mortgaged homeownership. We discuss the implications of our findings, which cut across the socioeconomic, spatial, and demographical arenas.
Geographic disparities and determinants of COVID-19 incidence risk in the greater St. Louis Area, Missouri (United States)
Authors: Das Praachi , Igoe Morganne , Lenhart Suzanne , Luong Lan , Lanzas Cristina , Lloyd Alun L. , Odoi Agricola
Published: September 2022

Background

Evidence seems to suggest that the risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) might vary across communities due to differences in population characteristics and movement patterns. However, little is known about these differences in the greater St Louis Area of Missouri and yet this information is useful for targeting control efforts. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate (a) geographic disparities of COVID-19 risk and (b) associations between COVID-19 risk and socioeconomic, demographic, movement and chronic disease factors in the Greater St. Louis Area of Missouri, USA.

Methods

Data on COVID-19 incidence and chronic disease hospitalizations were obtained from the Department of Health and Missouri Hospital Association, respectively. Socioeconomic and demographic data were obtained from the 2018 American Community Survey while population mobility data were obtained from the SafeGraph website. Choropleth maps were used to identify geographic disparities of COVID-19 risk and several sociodemographic and chronic disease factors at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) spatial scale. Global negative binomial and local geographically weighted negative binomial models were used to investigate associations between ZCTA-level COVID-19 risk and socioeconomic, demographic and chronic disease factors.

Results

There were geographic disparities found in COVID-19 risk. Risks tended to be higher in ZCTAs with high percentages of the population with a bachelor’s degree (p<0.0001) and obesity hospitalizations (p<0.0001). Conversely, risks tended to be lower in ZCTAs with high percentages of the population working in agriculture (p<0.0001). However, the association between agricultural occupation and COVID-19 risk was modified by per capita between ZCTA visits. Areas that had both high per capita between ZCTA visits and high percentages of the population employed in agriculture had high COVID-19 risks. The strength of association between agricultural occupation and COVID-19 risk varied by geographic location.

Conclusions

Geographic disparities of COVID-19 risk exist in the St. Louis area and are associated with sociodemographic factors, population movements, and obesity hospitalization risks. The latter is particularly concerning due to the growing prevalence of obesity and the known immunological impairments among obese individuals. Therefore, future studies need to focus on improving our understanding of the relationships between COVID-19 vaccination efficacy, obesity and waning of immunity among obese individuals so as to better guide vaccination regimens and reduce disparities.