bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AUSAF; A HIGH FODDER YIELDING SORGHUM VARIETY WITH BETTER NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND SILAGE QUALITY
Authors: AHMAD GHULAM , SHAH ANEES UL HUSSNAIN , NADEEM MUHAMMAD , JABBAR ABDUL , ASLAM MUHAMMAD , KHAN AFTAB AHMAD , HUSSAIN AHMAD , HANIF MUHAMMAD SHAKEEL , BASIT ABDUL , KALYAR MUHAMMAD TANVEER AHMAD , RAZA SULEMAN , BAZMI SULTAN ALI
Published: July 2022

The demand of high fodder yielding varieties of sorghum with better nutritional quality is increasing by the livestock farmers. The cultivation of high yielding fodder crops is compulsory need of the era for livestock industry development, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Development of high fodder yielding varieties which have better nutritional value is a dire need for this region. In this regard, Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan has developed a new sorghum variety ‘Ausaf’ having high green fodder yield and better nutritional value. This variety is an outcome of the selection from local germplasm line S-145 during 2009-2017. It has proved its worth in all the yield trials and its performance is better than the existing Sorghum-2011 variety. It produced 11.60% and 8.25% higher green fodder yield as compared to check variety sorghum-2011 in National Uniform Fodder Yield Trials. Moreover, its green fodder contains 20.88% dry matter, 8.75% protein, 26.94% crude fiber and 3.18% crude fat. The new variety showed that it was moderately resistant to red leaf spot and long smut. Agronomic studies revealed that it is fit in a better way with the existing agronomic practices.
Zugänge zu Geschichtenwelten
Authors: Schapp Jan
Published: July 2022

Under the title ‘Access to Storyworlds’, Jan Schapp summarises a series of lectures. An interpretation of Wilhelm Schapp's philosophy of stories in the year 2004 is the starting point which shows the influence of antiquity, Christianity and the Enlightenment on the modern age. With regard to further contributions, it becomes apparent that a single framework is developed from this starting point. Different storyworlds lead to different lifeworlds and also into individual lifeworlds. As a particulary impressive example, the reader may take the narration of the storyworlds of Russian Orthodoxy on the one hand and European Calvinism on the other, each with their effect on the politics of the worlds they capture. Finally, in a conversation with Karen Joisten, Jan Schapp addresses the question of how his life with its own storyworlds has influenced his research into and teaching of civil law and the philosophy of law.
Topomineralogía de la província de Cantabria 1
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: July 2022

Con este número iniciaremos con el tratamiento de la TOPOMINERALOGIA DE LA PROVINCIA DE CANTABRIA: o lo que es lo mismo: LOS MINERALES Y SUS YACIMIENTOS EN LA PROVÍNCIA DE CANTABRIA

Así, esta serie de publicaciones dedicadas a las TOPOMINERALOGIAS PROVIVINCIALES, ya hemos dedicado diversos números a varias provincias española. En el último número publicados, ya nos hemos referido a la provincia de Córdoba, en los números 26, 27, 28 y 29.

En esta serie, queremos plasmar los resultados de unos trabajos de campo, realizados durante los años 1992 y 2000, recorriendo pueblos y campos de la toda la Península Ibérica (de España y de Portugal) y también del sur de Francia. Estos trabajos han permanecido ocultos hasta ahora. Y ahora los publicamos, para que puedan servir de base para nuevas experiencias en el campo.Ahora, en este número (CANTIL 030), nos centraremos en las localidades de las demarcaciones cántabras del antiguo partido judicial de REINOSA. Sin embargo, de momento no nos referiremos a ninguna otra demarcación cántabra

En cada caso, en la FICHA EXCEL (elaborada por Antonieta SANTACREU), daremos los siguientes daros de cada indicio:

- LOCALIDAD. A menudo indicaremos el agregado (en este caso, con el nombre del municipio, entre paréntesis)

- PARAJE (con las coordenadas UTM X e Y y a menudo la Z)

- TIPOLOGÍA

- Nª DEL MAPA EN QUE SE HALLA (a escala 1:50.000)

- MINERALES ENCONTRADOS

Evidentemente, podríamos ”vestir” estos datos con más detalles, pero en aras a la efectividad, nos hemos decantado por la sencillez de esta exposición de los datos otrora obtenidos y revisados a menudo en el campo, tras sucesivas investigaciones sobre el terreno.
Challenge-based learning and the Barcelona ZeroG Challenge: A space education case study
Authors: Pérez Poch Antoni , Torner Ribé Jordi , González Alonso Daniel Ventura , González Llamazares Laura , Josep Martí Maria , Pasquets Pérez Rosa Maria , Alpiste Penalba Francesc , Brigos Hermida Miguel Ángel , García Cuadrado Gloria
Published: July 2022

Challenge-Based Learining is a STEM Education methodology that has been used as a collaborative and hands-on approach to encourage students to put their knowledge in practice by addressing real-life problems. Space Education is a field particularly suited to apply it, with hands-on research projects which require students to take actions and communicate their efforts in a multicultural, international scenario in order to produce an optimal response a specific goal. We herein present a successful Challenge-Based Learning Case Study which involves designing, implementing, and actually flying a microgravity experiment in parabolic flight. The Barcelona ZeroG Challenge is an international competition addressed to University students worldwide. It challenges students to build a team with a mentor, propose, design, build and fly their experiment in microgravity and finally communicate their findings. The experiment has to meet the requirements of a unique microgravity research platform available in Barcelona for educational and research purposes. More than fifty students have flown their experiments on board an aerobatic CAP10B aircraft in Barcelona in previous educational campaigns; having published their results in relevant symposiums and scientific journals. These campaigns have always attracted media attention. The current edition is underway with the winner team expected to fly their experiment before the end of 2022. This edition is jointly organized by Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, the Barcelona-Sabadell Aviation Club and the Space Generation Advisory Council. Up to fifteen projects have been submitted to this edition, an unprecedent number so far. A panel of experts from the European Space Agency Academy conducted the selection of the winner team, who receives a 2500 euros grant to develop its experiment, aside from the opportunity to fly it in parabolic flight. Furthermore, students from our own University have also the opportunity of designing and testing their microgravity experiments during their studies. Principles of Challenge-Based Learning are herein described as well as how this methodology is applied to this Case Study. Results from our experience are very satisfactory as most of the students who have been involved in it perceive this experience as a boost for their careers. Three key factors to success have been identified: a strong involvement from students' associations, a need for international cooperation and the quality of the students’ mentoring. The experience can be of interest for other organizations to conduct a successful CBL educational project
Come fly with us: services provided by the Space Weather Education Centre
Authors: D'Huys Elke , Vanlommel Petra , Janssens Jan , Van der Linden Ronald
Published: July 2022

The Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence brings together and supports sun-space-earth research and services present at the federal level in Belgium. In 2019, the STCE was a founding member of a European network, PECASUS, that provides space weather services for civil aviation. Our expertise in solar observations and research combined with the experience of our Global Navigation Satellite System and solar particle radiation group proved to be crucial. The STCE also strongly invests in education and training as these are a backbone of quality research and services, and therefore created the Space Weather Education Centre. This centre offers the Space Weather Introductory Course covering the Sun, solar storms, heliosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, instruments and methods to observe solar and space weather activity, as well as reading and interpreting our space weather bulletins. This course is taught to future space weather advisory staff, both military and civilian. It is based upon the STCE’s expertise gained through scientific research, involvement in space missions and space weather monitoring, and on its forecasting capabilities. The course is given by qualified staff. In addition to the Space Weather Introductory Course, the STCE has been and remains involved in a wide range of outreach activities, from public lectures, over dedicated classes and workshops at schools, organization of public events like open doors, publications in popular journals and on online media, scientific newsletters and press releases, to the participation in science festivals and the organization of events for the scientific community. In this paper, we present more details of our educational programme, reflect on the methodologies used, and provide an overview of the obtained results
gLAB hands-on education on satellite navigation
Authors: Rovira Garcia Adrià , Ibáñez Segura Deimos , Li Mowen , Alonso Alonso María Teresa , Sanz Subirana Jaume , Juan Zornoza José Miguel , González Casado Guillermo
Published: July 2022

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) allows computing the Position, Velocity and Time (PVT) of users equipped with appropriate hardware (i.e. an antenna and a receiver) and software. The latter estimates the PVT from the ranging measurements and ephemeris transmitted by the GNSS satellites in frequencies of the L band. The research group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE) at the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC) has been developing the GNSS LABoratory (gLAB) tool suite since 2009, in the context of the European Space Agency (ESA) educational program on satellite navigation (EDUNAV). gLAB is a multi-purpose software capable of determining the PVT in several modes: stand-alone (e.g. as a smartphone or car navigator), differential (e.g. surveying equipment or precise farming), and augmented with integrity (e.g. civil aviation or safety of life applications). gLAB has been designed for two main sets of users and functions. The first one is to educate University students and professionals in the art and science of GNSS data processing. This includes newcomers to the GNSS field that highly appreciate the Graphical User Interface (GUI), the default templates with the necessary configuration or the messages with warnings and errors. The second group of users are those with previous experience on GNSS. Those are interested into a high computation speed, high-accuracy positioning, batch processing and access to the intermediate computation steps. In the present contribution, we present some examples in which gLAB serves as an education platform. The data sets are actual GNSS measurements collected by the publicly available International GNSS Service (IGS), together with other IGS products such as the satellite orbits and clocks broadcast in the navigation message. The proposed methodology and procedures are tailored to understand the effects of different error components in both the Signal in Space (SIS) and the position domain, by activating or deactivating different modeling terms in gLAB. The results illustrate some examples of how the PVT can be enhanced or deteriorated when using different processing strategies or propagation effects present in the GNSS signals traversing the atmosphere, among others. We conclude that gLAB is a useful tool to learn GNSS data processing or to expand any prior knowledge
SDR Helix Antenna Deployment Experiment (SHADE) on board BEXUS
Authors: Koukou Melina , Vellikis Vasilis , Varvaringos Ioannis , Koutropoulos Konstantinos , Myrsinias Ioannis , Argiropoulos Despina Ekaterini , Dourmisis Andronikos , Nerantzis Orestis Rafail , Ioannou Ioannis , Kizili Elli Loukaridou , Megalou Spyros
Published: July 2022

In the field of space travel, space communications has always presented a slew of obstacles and hurdles that must be overcome in order to complete a successful mission. Space limits inside a satellite or spaceship, vast distances between satellites and ground stations, and a phenomenon known as "Faraday Rotation" in the ionosphere are only a few of the most typical issues. Satellite antennas must be small, compact, efficient, and circularly polarized as a result of the aforementioned issues. The helix antenna is an excellent answer for all of the requirements. In this work we develop a deployment and pointing mechanism of a helix antenna operated with software defined radio algorithms. The features of helix antennas are exceptional, and they are especially suitable for satellite communication. Three coaxial cylinders, two stepper motors, one pulley, and one thread make up a deployment-pointing mechanism. The mechanism deploys the antenna along its longitudinal axis and turns it horizontally towards the ground station. During the flight, the antenna is deployed and retracted. Under different positioning situations, the GPS, an altimeter, and a compass calculate the gondola's position in order to rotate the antenna towards the Ground Station and close the communication link. The antenna's rotation mechanism is triggered by the integrated attitude determination and control system algorithms in order to correct the pointing and orientation towards the Ground Station. The antenna uses software defined radio algorithms to achieve weight and volume reductions while maintaining high efficiency and reconfigurability. The experiment includes a high-definition camera that provides real-time information on the antenna's orientation and condition. SHADE's flight on the BEXUS 28/29 balloon resulted in effective deployment and transmission, as well as the ability to receive and decode transmitted packets. The rotating mechanism met the pointing requirements, and all of the sensor's data was correctly saved to our system. Throughout the trip, there were no signs of thermal risk
DEAR project: Lunar dust surface interactions, risk and removal investigations
Authors: Jalba C. , Milev P. , Schulz P. , Pflug A. , Ramm P. , Gusland O. , Ghitiu I. , Jalba R. , Magureanu A. , Molenta A. , Pantea A. , Pantea G. , Jalba L. , Özdemir-Fritz S. , Groemer G. , Müller A. , Steininger H. , McKeown D. , Gibson Kiely F. , Hamilton J.
Published: July 2022

The DEAR project (Dusty Environment Application Research) investigates the interaction between lunar regolith and surfaces and components relevant for lunar exploration. Based on the TUBS regolith simulant which is representative in chemistry, size and shape properties to Moon soils to study the regolith transport, adhesion and strategies for cleaning. The regolith simulant will be applied to thermal, structural, optical sensor, sealing and other astronautic systems, providing input for requirements, justification and verification. The key applications are split in human space flight regolith investigations, wrinkled surface with random movement and hardware surfaces, flat material defined movement. The paper provides an overview of the DEAR project including a discussion of the first results, in particular vibration, shock and micro-vibration on regolith bearing surfaces. The investigation shall enable better understand the regolith layers interaction and the release mechanism, as well as potential cross contamination and cleaning strategies. The research is complemented by simulation of the regolith motion as parameter surface plasma interactions. The project is funded and supported by the European Space Agency (ESA). DEAR specifically addresses the development and testing of lunar dust removal strategies on optics, mechanisms and human space flight hardware (e.g., space suits). As the Moons regolith is known to be highly abrasive, electrically chargeable, and potentially chemically reactive, lunar dust might reduce the performance of hardware, such as cameras, thermal control surfaces and solar cells. The dust can cause malfunction on seals for on/off mechanisms or space suits. Of particular interest are risk assessment, avoidance, and cleaning techniques such as the use of electric fields to remove lunar dust from surfaces. Representative dust (e.g., regolith analogues of interesting landing sites) will be used in a dedicated test setup to evaluate risks and effects of lunar dust. We describe designs and methods developed by the DEAR consortium to deal with the regolith-related issues, in particular an electrode design to deflect regolith particles, cleaning of astronautical systems with CO2, design of a robotic arm for the testing within the DEAR chamber, regolith removal via shock, and regolith interaction with cleanroom textiles
Meteor observation with the SOURCE CubeSat – Developing a simulation to test on-board meteor detection algorithms
Authors: Liegibel Marcel , Petri Jona , Hoffmann Philipp , Geier Niklas , Klinkner Sabine
Published: July 2022

The scientific mission objectives of the Stuttgart Operated University Research CubeSat for Evaluation and Education are meteor observation, measurement of the lower Earth's atmosphere during re-entry as well as technology demonstrations. The meteor observation is done by pointing a camera towards Earth and continuously taking images during Eclipse. Since it is not possible to downlink all images, an on-board detection algorithm is necessary and mission critical. Therefore, this algorithm needs to be tested thoroughly. Realistic test data showing meteors from orbit is needed to properly develop and test the algorithm. Existing videos, provided by the Planetary Exploration Research Center, captured from the ISS are used as a baseline but are not sufficient to test the algorithm. The videos do not have the diversity of meteors needed and the meteor properties are not settable which makes it difficult to test the detection algorithm in as many scenarios as possible. Therefore, an artificial meteor program was developed to simulate meteors with given properties as perceived from a meteor observation system in a low Earth orbit. Here, we present the details of the artificial meteor program, its working principle and how we tested an algorithm for meteor detection. The user can choose between different background videos, the existing ISS videos from PERC or the self-generated videos. Each different background is used to test a different aspect of the meteor detection algorithm. The ISS videos from PERC provide more diverse backgrounds than the self-generated videos with e.g., clouds and lightning. For these self-generated videos, a program is developed to take image sections of NASA’s Black Marble and putting them frame by frame together into a video. These videos are more suitable for simulating satellite rotation and camera properties. Independent of the background video, settable meteor properties contain important characteristics of a meteor like the light curve, brightness, speed, direction and shape. Additionally, the user can choose the meteor position in the video frame, in which frame it appears and which distance it covers. Furthermore, distortion settings can be applied which contain airplanes with adjustable parameters and scalable noise. Only a properly working meteor detection algorithm leads to a success of a mission critical part of the SOURCE CubeSat. Therefore, the development of this artificial meteor generation program is crucial. Furthermore, this technology demonstration of developing and especially testing a meteor detection algorithm will enable future space-based missions for meteor observations
Mubody, an astrodynamics open-source Python library focused on libration points
Authors: Bermejo Ballesteros Juan , Vergara Pérez José María , Fernández Soler Alejandro , Cubas Cano Javier
Published: July 2022

Mubody is an astrodynamics open-source Python library focused on the libration points. Such points result from the equilibrium of the gravitational forces between two massive bodies as the Sun and Earth, for example. The library is mainly intended for the generation of orbits in these regions, which is not a straightforward process, specially if perturbations are considered. Currently, the library allows to generate Lissajous orbits in the second Lagrange point of the Sun-Earth system under the influence of perturbations such as the Earth orbit eccentricity. The next milestone, as a result of a master student work, is the incorporation of Halo orbits and the expansion to all three collinear libration points from any two massive bodies of the Solar System. This tool has been developed as part of a PhD, motivated by the need of performing mission analysis in libration point regions. Nevertheless, since its creation it has also proven to be an excellent academic tool for both enhancing the library itself and using its results for further studies (collision risk, thermal analysis, formation flight control, etc). As a result, the tool has rapidly evolved, building onto the knowledge and experience that the students gather while working on their academic projects (bachelor’s degree dissertations, master theses, subjects, internships). The participation on the library development provides students with experience in orbital mechanics, software design, version control and it compels them to ensure that their work can be readily used by others as it is properly documented. The project is hosted in GitLab under a MIT licence
BEXUS30 – ELFI: Measuring Schumann resonances in the atmosphere
Authors: Jelonek Jonas , Stephan Jonas , Bochmann David , Gebken Lars
Published: July 2022

The ELFI project was one of nine BEXUS experiments carried in two stratospheric balloons in 2021. The aim of the experiment was to develop a system for the non-stationary measurement of electromagnetic waves in the extremely low frequency range. The Schumann resonances that are part of this range are especially important for meteorological research. For the planned use of the system on a stratospheric balloon, various requirements and aspects regarding the measurement environment had to be considered during the development. The system is based on a magnetic loop antenna connected to a signal processing unit, the Analog Front-End. The antenna has special characteristics to enable the measurement of Schumann resonances. Due to the necessary high sensitivity of the antenna, a deployment mechanism was developed to lower the antenna for the measurement, thus reducing the influence of interference from the electronics or actuators of other experiments on the gondola. After the balloon is launched, the mechanism is extended, and the antenna is lowered below the gondola. The Analog Front-End has several stages that filter, amplify and digitalize the signal measured with the antenna. An on-board computer, built from reliable general-purpose hardware, performs the measurement, organizes and stores the measurement data, and provides communication with the ground station. Hence, monitoring and control of the experiment through the ground station was possible. In addition, an algorithm for automatic gain control was integrated to allow flexible measurement of different amplitudes. In several testing periods the system was validated for functionality and reliability. Through numerous preliminary tests, frequencies from reference sources could be detected, e.g., 50 Hz of the power supply network or 16.67 Hz of the railroad power supply. Underground measurements confirmed that the system is suitable for detecting low frequencies. Furthermore, the system was tested and confirmed to be usable under extreme conditions like low temperatures and low air pressures. The developed deployment mechanism with scissor arms was proved to be robust and flexible. Both hardware and software worked as expected and are reliable and adaptable to different conditions. During final tests in an almost interference-free area our system was able to record optimal signals, in which the Schumann resonances could be detected. Based on these successful results, the system was ready to be deployed on the stratospheric balloon to perform measurements in the atmosphere
Blended-learning educational concept for earth observation at university level
Authors: Dubois Clémence , Eckardt Robert , Schmullius Christiane
Published: July 2022

The field of Earth observation has been undergoing a tremendous transformation for several years. From commercial data that used to be processed only by a circle of specialists, we are now in an era where numerous high-quality satellite data can be made available for free and used by diverse user groups in many applications. It is therefore of fundamental importance for new users to understand and use these data in an application-specific way, and teaching concepts need to be adapted accordingly. Specifically for the field of radar remote sensing, several activities already exist that intend to adjust educational offers with needs of the market place and to provide hands-on material for self-paced learning in many fields of application. At university level however, many courses still happen in a traditional classroom way, the lecturer being the principal source of information. We present here a blended-learning approach aiming the integration of high-quality eLearning material in traditional face-to-face courses to enhance the teaching and learning experience. The approach can be resumed in two main goals: 1) the specific integration of eLearning elements on a learning platform for a better preparation and follow-up of the course content by the students; 2) the creation of new eLearning content by the students in a peer-to-peer approach. For the first goal, existing content from Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) are broken down into learning modules and supplemented with external digital learning content in order to best match the needs of the face-to-face course week by week. This prevents students from being overwhelmed by the enormous volume of online educational resources of the MOOCs and allows a better preparation of students for the current content of the lecture. For the second goal, a further deepening of what has been learned takes place through active co-creation of new digital content. This is based on the principle of the pyramid of learning that the best way to remember something is to explain it yourself. In this way, students who create new content from what they have learned should be able to remember it much longer as if they just listen to it. This blended learning educational model is conducted successfully since two years at university level with bachelor and master students and is being enriched regularly with new material, both from the open educational resources and students contributions
Space games: evaluating game-based virtual reality in higher education
Authors: Laskey Lana
Published: July 2022

With increasing global dependence on satellite technology, space traffic has grown exponentially over the last decade. Enhanced education and training of future mission operators will be necessary to meet this growing demand. The complexity of satellite mission operations poses a challenge in education and training. Remote spacecraft are elusive and difficult for a trainee to visualize and involve a steep learning curve. However, the integration of game-based virtual reality into spacecraft simulation and training may assist in overcoming these challenges. This research study explored the integration of game-based virtual reality into a university course involving spacecraft operations. Virtual spacewalks allowed student participants to conduct visual inspections and interact directly with spacecraft components. The immersive virtual reality environment prolonged cognitive engagement and game mechanics influenced motivation, both cornerstones in learning. After completing the training scenarios, user experience was assessed with several validated scales measuring system usability, user satisfaction, cognitive loading, and any potential simulator sickness. Results revealed satisfactory scores in all categories with minimal simulator sickness. The integrated use of game-based virtual reality in the classroom provided an enhanced learning experience in a safe and repeatable environment that might be difficult with traditional teaching methods. This paper will evaluate game-based virtual reality when integrated into higher education or other training environments
Hypatia I: a multi-generational and multi-disciplinary crew of female analog astronauts dedicated to space research, scientific outreach, and promotion of female role models in space careers
Authors: Arias Casals Helena , Badenas Agustí Mariona , Conejo González Carla , Ribas Cabezas Laia , Farrés Basiana Ariadna , Jar Núria , Sabaté Vizcarra Neus , Cufí Prat Cesca , Bach Valls Anna
Published: July 2022

The low representation of women (~33%) in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) careers is extremely concerning and cultivates male-dominant cultures across a variety of academic and professional disciplines. In Spain, only 39% of national projects are led by women, thus evidencing the so-called “leaking pipeline”, that is, the tendency of women and other underrepresented groups to eventually abandon STEM-related fields. This social disequilibrium is particularly strong in the international space sector, where women represent less than ~20% of the workforce. The Hypatia I mission —a multi-generational and multi-disciplinary crew of 9 female scientists— seeks to help address this problem. In April 2023, the Hypatia I crew will participate in a two-week Martian analog mission at the Mars Desert Research Station (Utah, United States) with the goal of (i) performing high-quality space-related research in a simulation environment, (ii) conducting outreach and science communication activities, and most importantly, (iii) promoting female role models in STEM-related fields and inspiring future generations of scientists, particularly young girls interested in space careers
A multi-project student space association
Authors: Leon Delgado Alexis , Carmona Peña Alex , Zhang Yi Qiang Ji , Torrent Duch Arnau , Grau Rifà Jordi , Barja Peláez Adrià
Published: July 2022

The aerospace sector has always been a challenge. The complex nature of the field requires for talented, skilful engineers. And while the university does great on the development of the theoretical background, it barely gets into the practical application. This is why embracing educational activities is critical to help students develop their technical and teamwork skills in the professional sector. UPC Space Program is an engineering student association based in the Terrassa campus of the Polytechnical University of Catalonia (Spain), and formed by 5 missions and 80 members. Each mission targets a field of interest in the space sector: rocketry, UAVs for space exploration, High Altitude Balloons, rovers and CubeSats. The sharing of the common spaces by such a number of people who are working on so many and diverse projects creates a vibrant and creative environment that incites learning. Our work is aligned with the current activities in the space sector. As the exploration of the terrestrial bodies of the Solar System highly benefits from the use of rovers, our Grass mission is focused on the development of planetary exploration rovers. After achieving 10th place in the European Rover Challenge 2021, the objective is to further upgrade the vehicle for the next edition. But currently, a new exploration focus is appearing as flying vehicles are entering the stage. In this context, our Aldora mission is based around a concept mission to Titan via an autonomous plane capable of deploying scientific probes. Obviously, space exploration is not possible without the presence of space transport vehicles. In this matter, Ares mission is focused on the development of High Power amateur rockets. Currently, Ares is developing a supersonic rocket set to participate in EUROC 2022 competition. But most of the payloads carried by rockets are satellites. In this field, the Horus mission aims to investigate and optimize the manufacture of a CubeSat, along with mission performance, to create a fully operational satellite, currently set to participate in the Europe to Space competition. Finally, there is yet another way to perform space science. Our Zephyros mission works in the development of High Altitude Balloons, also developing a set of experiments to test in near-space conditions. The next objective is to achieve the first student-developed zero pressure balloon in Spain
Fly a Rocket! ESA's hands-on programme for undergraduate students
Authors: Guerra Claudia , Beckers Sam , Tavares Quintão Arthur , Zemek Jakub
Published: July 2022

The Fly a Rocket! programme is a hands-on project offered by the European Space Agency’s (ESA’s) Education Office in collaboration with Andøya Space Education and the Norwegian Space Agency (Norsk Romsenter). The programme represents a unique opportunity for entry-level university students from diverse backgrounds to build, test, and launch an actual sounding rocket and obtain otherwise unattainable practical experience. In September 2020, the ESA Education Office announced the third edition of the programme, for which 30 students from the ESA Member States and the Associate Member States were selected. Of these, 24 participated in the launch campaign which took place throughout the second week of October 2021 at the Andøya Space in Northern Norway. The Fly a Rocket! programme comprises an online pre-course with two assignments and a hands-on launch campaign. The pre-course is self-paced and aims to widen the participants’ understanding of basic rocket science topics such as the rocket principle, aerodynamics, and orbital mechanics in preparation for the campaign. During their stay at Andøya Space, the students were assigned to one of three teams, each with different responsibilities: Sensor Experiments, Telemetry and Data Readout, and Payload. As members of the Telemetry and Data Readout team, the authors’ role was to set up the student telemetry station and ensure that accurate data was collected from the sensors on the rocket. In addition, they were an integral part of the countdown procedure, operating two of the three telemetry stations used for the mission. Following the launch, all the teams worked in conjunction to analyse and present the data according to four previously defined scientific cases. This paper will be concerned with the activities carried out throughout Fly a Rocket!’s third cycle, with a particular focus on the work done by the Telemetry and Data Readout team
JSRI space design competitions: Education and outreach for emerging space countries
Authors: El Shawa Sahba , Alzurikat Merna , Sha’ar Zaina Abu , Ashhab Moh'd Sami
Published: July 2022

As countries around the world are racing towards realizing the common dream of humans creating long-term habitats in space, emerging space countries like Jordan, with no established space agency, are struggling to participate in the development of research and projects in the field. Additionally, due to the deteriorating economical situation in Jordan, students now seek professions with higher market demands and payment rates to ensure a safe career path. This led Jordanian students to overlook emerging fields of study like space. From here arises the need to conduct proper outreach to spread awareness on space research and its benefits, and to incorporate space studies in the Jordanian educational system in order to build a strong base of human resources in the field. Since Jordan is lacking in both educational and theoretical, as well as professional and practical sides, students mostly turn to completing their studies and gaining professional experience in the space field abroad. Therefore, before establishing Jordanian-targeted education programs and initiatives for space studies, there is the need for the establishment of local space institutes, projects, and programs which ensure that students will have access to training programs and practical experience as well as securing future job opportunities, thereby making space careers a viable option. In 2020, under the Moon Village Association's Participation of Emerging Space Countries program, a roadmap for Jordan’s contribution to lunar exploration and the Jordan Space Research Initiative (JSRI) were created. This 20-year roadmap focuses on establishing an analog R&D facility in Jordan’s Wadi Rum desert, aiming to support the emerging space field in Jordan, while contributing to its national priorities and sustainable development goals. Beginning with the outreach element to foster space education, JSRI launched two space design competitions in 2021 to engage students and professionals interested in the field. These competitions allowed the participants to learn about spacesuit and rover design, as well as develop their own prototypes in a hands-on educational exercise. By providing funding and expert support, JSRI ensured that a diverse group of Jordanians was able to participate, regardless of their backgrounds. This approach proved to be successful in enabling the participation of various segments of the Jordanian society, and has shown that people with a passion for space can thrive through educational initiatives such as these competitions. Building on this success, future partnerships and educational initiatives are being established, aiding in the formation of a space network in Jordan
What they want and what they need: the new role of the jurist in assisting the young space companies
Authors: Zara Maura , Kaur Alag Sifat
Published: July 2022

'New Space' economy is an all-inclusive concept that synthesises a real economic revolution in the space industry. It is characterised by the proliferation of new private actors that operate separately from institutional and governmental structures to seek their place in the market. Their primary objective is to allow low-cost access to space technologies, establishing themselves as one of the major growth engines of the space economy, fostering market competitiveness and technological development. Aware of this key role played by these new actors in the future development of the space industry, this paper adopts an empirical approach in order to obtain relevant information from those directly concerned, with the aim of identifying the crucial factors for their successful integration into the market and for their long-term permanence in the market. We have conducted 50 live interviews with founders and executives of small scale and start-up space companies from all around the world. The interviews are recorded and answers quantified to produce meaningful statistical data. Based on these results, the paper will focus on one of the fundamental problems for new actors. It will analyse these and further present possible inputs that can contribute to the development of the new space economy: The legal and bureaucratic dimensions in which new space companies are born and how they develop. In particular, the paper will explore the need to improve access to legal services from an economic point of view, with a focus on paralegal services; the difficulty shown by those directly concerned in guiding legislation on space activities and the need to rethink the training of lawyers, to make it more adherent to the peculiarities of the new space economy. In conclusion, after a reflection on the impact of the new space economy on the current market dynamics, with the analysis of the area of interest identified above, the paper will infer useful elements to set up some guidance suggestions for the implementation of the pathways of integration and development of young companies operating in the space market. This perspective, includes a reflection on the multidisciplinary dimension involving space activities and the opportunity to stimulate educational programmes with a training offers that reflects the now inevitable need for a less sectoral preparation that allows professionals in the space sector to acquire a more comprehensive view of the dynamics of the market.
Finestres al cel
Authors: Casamiquela Laia , Moreno de la Cita Víctor , Pérez Ràfols Ignasi , Roca-Fabrega Santi
Published: July 2022

We present an astronomy educational project intended for 16-year-old high school students that has been successfully deployed for 7 years under the Youth and Science Program of the Catalunya La Pedrera Foundation. The Youth and Science Program aims to encourage talented students to pursue careers in science and technology and a future as researchers. It consists of a two-week crash course covering all major topics in astronomy: stellar evolution, black holes, galaxy formation and evolution, cosmology, simulations, and gravitational waves, among many others. The classes focus on the relevant concepts in each of the aforementioned fields but without a detailed description of the math formalism or the most advanced concepts in modern physics, this to develop the students’ intuition and interest in the wonders of the Universe without overwhelming them. Theoretical sessions are complemented with a set of practical sessions that help students to consolidate the concepts. All theory and practical sessions in this project are being compiled in an outreach book addressed not only to the students of this project but also to the entire amateur astronomy community.
Experiment collaboration program during a Martian analogue mission to introduce young students to human space exploration
Authors: Rouverand Léa , Cuny Cerise , López-Contreras González Elena , Prunier Marine , Fouchet Mathéo , Wattelle Nicolas , Bourgeois Valentine , Royer Quentin , Delaroche Marie
Published: July 2022

The last decade has demonstrated an increased public and private interest towards crewed missions through the emergence of New Space and the Artemis program. There is therefore a need to form the next generation of scientists to prepare future crewed space exploration missions. In this context, it is important to familiarize teenagers with the scientific issues of today’s world and to inspire them to engage in the space sector. Crew 263 is a group of seven students preparing a Martian analogue mission at the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) in the desert of Utah (United States). A Martian analogue mission at the MDRS, because is the perfect set-up to introduce young students to human space exploration. In the context of their mission, Crew 263 has organized a program of space educational activities for middle and high school students surrounding the topics of altered gravity, astronomy, health and safety procedures and robotic systems. Precisely, a set of four experiments that will be performed by the students was conceived to bring into light the various scientific topics surrounding space exploration missions.

The experiment “Plants in Microgravity” aims to illustrate the influence of gravity on plant growth by planting seeds in pots mounted on a rotating platform in a vertical plane, which will disturb their gravitational cues. “Beginner Astronomer” aims to introduce students to astronomy and astrophotography by establishing with the students a list of galaxies/nebulas to be observed during the Mission. Then, for “Emergency situation at the MDRS” students will put into practice the scientific approach by creating protocols to mitigate risk situations during space exploration missions. Finally, for the “Perseverance’s little brother” experiment, students will develop a small rover to analyze the atmosphere condition around the MDRS station.

To maximize their involvement, prior to the mission at the MDRS, the middle and high school students prepare the experiments with the support of the crew. Then, the prepared experiment will be performed in parallel with the crew while they are simulating Martian life. To allow students to be immersed in the mission when the crew will be at the MDRS, short podcasts will be recorded describing the crew’s daily life and the evolution of the different experiments. This podcast will be sent to the classes during the simulation, thus allowing the students to have an insight on the daily life of the analogue astronauts at the station.
A multi-perspective comparison of ESA Academy’s Training and Learning Programme experiences before and throughout COVID-19 pandemic through the eyes of 6 students
Authors: Amador Pla Fernando , Sermanoukian Molina Iván , González Romero Andrea , López-Contreras González Elena , Escorsa Parera Maria Magdalena , Lafuente Arjona Óscar
Published: July 2022

The forced transition from fully in-person learning to online methodologies incurred by the proliferation of the COVID-19 pandemic has been a major blow to most organisations worldwide. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 in ESA educational activities from students' perspective, in order to stimulate the future creation of both online and on-site courses. The participation of the authors in the ESA Academy training sessions covers the period from February 2019 to September 2021, thus experiencing not only both on-site and online courses,

but also pre- and mid-pandemic learning experiences and course adaptations due to the impact of COVID-19.

The wide range of space education experiences gathered by the authors enables a multi-perspective comparison of a variety of topics involving the ESA Academy training sessions such as networking possibilities, course dynamics and content, motivation induced by the course environment, impact on the future career and professional development of the participants, as well as compared to the academic experience of the students at their home universities. The analysis and comparison of the authors' experiences allow to establish correlations between the learning method (in-person or online) and the specific experience outcomes of attending an ESA Academy training session. Finally, some recommendations are provided to further mitigate the COVID-19 impact on space educational activities.