bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based incoherent holographic camera enabling acquisition of real-world holograms for holographic streaming system
Authors: Yu Hyeonseung , Kim Youngrok , Yang Daeho , Seo Wontaek , Kim Yunhee , Hong Jong-Young , Song Hoon , Sung Geeyoung , Sung Younghun , Min Sung-Wook , Lee Hong-Seok
Published: June 2023

While recent research has shown that holographic displays can represent photorealistic 3D holograms in real time, the difficulty in acquiring high-quality real-world holograms has limited the realization of holographic streaming systems. Incoherent holographic cameras, which record holograms under daylight conditions, are suitable candidates for real-world acquisition, as they prevent the safety issues associated with the use of lasers; however, these cameras are hindered by severe noise due to the optical imperfections of such systems. In this work, we develop a deep learning-based incoherent holographic camera system that can deliver visually enhanced holograms in real time. A neural network filters the noise in the captured holograms, maintaining a complex-valued hologram format throughout the whole process. Enabled by the computational efficiency of the proposed filtering strategy, we demonstrate a holographic streaming system integrating a holographic camera and holographic display, with the aim of developing the ultimate holographic ecosystem of the future.
Nationwide survey of medical student interest in and exposure to aerospace medicine
Authors: Thamer Semran B. , Bello Joseph , Stevanovic Mirjana , Obat Dennis , Buckey Jay C.
Published: June 2023

Aerospace Medicine is experiencing a renaissance. Commercial spaceflight is now a reality, meaning that individuals with a variety of medical conditions will be flying in space. NASA has Mars plans, and SpaceX plans to send humans to Mars within the next decade, so today’s medical students may be future physicians on these crews. Considering these developments, we evaluated interest in and exposure to Aerospace Medicine among medical students in the United States (US). A 19-question anonymous multiple-choice questionnaire was emailed to current medical students throughout the US. Information about demographics, career and research interests in aerospace medicine, opportunities available at students’ respective institutions, and possible avenues for supporting students’ interests was collected and analyzed. One thousand two hundred forty-four students (490 men, 751 women, 3 other) with a mean age of 25.8 ± 3.0 years from 60 institutions completed the questionnaire. Most respondents expressed an interest in learning about aerospace medicine during their training. A strong interest in research, as well as career opportunities, exists despite the majority of students reporting minimal access to opportunities to get involved in the field at most of the surveyed institutions. With growing interest and an expected increase in demand for physicians with a background in aerospace medicine, medical schools may be able to support students by increasing access to opportunities.
Host specificity and adaptive evolution in settlement behaviour of coral-associated barnacle larvae (Cirripedia: Pyrgomatidae)
Authors: Yap Fook-Choy , Chen Hsi-Nien , Chan Benny K. K.
Published: June 2023

Coral-associated organisms often exhibit a continuum of host specificities. We do not know whether the variation in host specificity is related to the settlement organs or preferential settlement behaviours of the larvae. We examined the morphology of attachment discs, the settlement and metamorphosis of coral barnacles—Pyrgoma cancellatum (lives in a single coral species), Nobia grandis (two families of corals), and Armatobalanus allium (six families of corals). Our results revealed that the attachment organ of all three species are spear-shaped with sparse villi, indicating that the morphology of the attachment organs does not vary among species with different host specificities. Larvae of P. cancellatum and N. grandis only settle on their specific hosts, suggesting that chemical cues are involved in the settlement. Cyprids of N. grandis display close searching behaviour before settlement. Cyprids of P. cancellatum settle immediately on their specific host corals, without any exploratory behaviour. The host specificity and exploratory behaviours of coral barnacle cyprids are results of adaptive evolution. We argue that there is a trade-off between exploration and energy conservation for metamorphosis processes. Coral barnacle metamorphosis is longer when compared to free-living species, likely because it involves the development of a tube-shaped base on the coral surface.
Immunological evaluation of herbal extracts commonly used for treatment of mental diseases during pregnancy
Authors: Winker Moritz , Chauveau Antoine , Smieško Martin , Potterat Olivier , Areesanan Alexander , Zimmermann-Klemd Amy , Gründemann Carsten
Published: June 2023

Nonpsychotic mental diseases (NMDs) affect approximately 15% of pregnant women in the US. Herbal preparations are perceived a safe alternative to placenta-crossing antidepressants or benzodiazepines in the treatment of nonpsychotic mental diseases. But are these drugs really safe for mother and foetus? This question is of great relevance to physicians and patients. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of St. John’s wort, valerian, hops, lavender, and California poppy and their compounds hyperforin and hypericin, protopine, valerenic acid, and valtrate, as well as linalool, on immune modulating effects in vitro. For this purpose a variety of methods was applied to assess the effects on viability and function of human primary lymphocytes. Viability was assessed via spectrometric assessment, flow cytometric detection of cell death markers and comet assay for possible genotoxicity. Functional assessment was conducted via flow cytometric assessment of proliferation, cell cycle and immunophenotyping. For California poppy, lavender, hops, and the compounds protopine and linalool, and valerenic acid, no effect was found on the viability, proliferation, and function of primary human lymphocytes. However, St. John’s wort and valerian inhibited the proliferation of primary human lymphocytes. Hyperforin, hypericin, and valtrate inhibited viability, induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell division. Calculated maximum concentration of compounds in the body fluid, as well as calculated concentrations based on pharmacokinetic data from the literature, were low and supported that the observed effects in vitro would probably have no relevance on patients. In-silico analyses comparing the structure of studied substances with the structure of relevant control substances and known immunosuppressants revealed structural similarities of hyperforin and valerenic acid to the glucocorticoids. Valtrate showed structural similarities to the T cells signaling modulating drugs.
Local and wide-scale livestock movement networks inform disease control strategies in East Africa
Authors: Ekwem Divine , Enright Jessica , Hopcraft J. Grant C. , Buza Joram , Shirima Gabriel , Shand Mike , Mwajombe James K. , Bett Bernard , Reeve Richard , Lembo Tiziana
Published: June 2023

Livestock mobility exacerbates infectious disease risks across sub-Saharan Africa, but enables critical access to grazing and water resources, and trade. Identifying locations of high livestock traffic offers opportunities for targeted control. We focus on Tanzanian agropastoral and pastoral communities that account respectively for over 75% and 15% of livestock husbandry in eastern Africa. We construct networks of livestock connectivity based on participatory mapping data on herd movements reported by village livestock keepers as well as data from trading points to understand how seasonal availability of resources, land-use and trade influence the movements of livestock. In communities that practise agropastoralism, inter- and intra-village connectivity through communal livestock resources (e.g. pasture and water) was 1.9 times higher in the dry compared to the wet season suggesting greater livestock traffic and increased contact probability. In contrast, livestock from pastoral communities were 1.6 times more connected at communal locations during the wet season when they also tended to move farther (by 3 km compared to the dry season). Trade-linked movements were twice more likely from rural to urban locations. Urban locations were central to all networks, particularly those with potentially high onward movements, for example to abattoirs, livestock holding grounds, or other markets, including beyond national boundaries. We demonstrate how livestock movement information can be used to devise strategic interventions that target critical livestock aggregation points (i.e. locations of high centrality values) and times (i.e. prior to and after the wet season in pastoral and agropastoral areas, respectively). Such targeted interventions are a cost-effective approach to limit infection without restricting livestock mobility critical to sustainable livelihoods.
Polyoxazoline-conjugated porcine serum albumin as an artificial plasma expander for dogs
Authors: Okamoto Wataru , Usui Tomone , Hasegawa Mai , Kobayashi Tatsuhiro , Fujisawa Junya , Taguchi Kazuaki , Matsumoto Kazuaki , Kohno Mitsutomo , Iwazaki Masayuki , Shimano Shotaro , Nagao Itsuma , Toyoda Hiroto , Matsumura Naoki , Tomiyasu Hirotaka , Tochinai Ryota , Komatsu Teruyuki
Published: June 2023

Veterinary medicine has made tremendous progress for domestic dogs, which are irreplaceable family members enriching human life. Nevertheless, no adequate supply system exists for their blood products. This study examined the synthesis, structure, safety, and efficacy of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-conjugated porcine serum albumin (POx-PSA) as an artificial plasma expander for dogs. The aqueous POx-PSA solution showed moderately high colloid osmotic pressure and good blood cell compatibility. Actually, lyophilized powder stored for 1 year can regenerate into a homogeneous solution. The circulation half-life of POx-PSA in rats was 2.1-fold longer than that of naked PSA. Rats produced neither anti-PSA IgG antibody nor anti-POx IgG antibody, which suggests excellent immunological stealth properties of POx-PSA. Complete resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in rats was achieved soon after injection of POx-PSA solution. Serum biochemistry tests and histopathological observations indicated no abnormality in the related organs. When POx-PSA was administered to dogs intravenously, (i) no serum biochemical or hematological alteration was observed, also (ii) no overt deterioration of animal health was observed. These results indicate that POx-PSA has potential as an artificial plasma expander for dogs.
Intact mass analysis reveals the novel O-linked glycosylation on the stalk region of PD-1 protein
Authors: Tit-oon Phanthakarn , Wonglangka Arisa , Boonkanta Klaichan , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Fuangthong Mayuree , Sasisekharan Ram , Khongmanee Amnart
Published: June 2023

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a key receptor in the immune checkpoint pathway and has emerged to be a promising target for cancer therapy. PD-1 consists of an intracellular domain followed by a transmembrane domain that is connected to the extracellular domain by the stalk region. Although the PD-1 structure has been studied for more than two decades, the posttranslational modification of this protein has been incompletely characterized. In this study, we identified the previously undescribed modification sites of O-linked glycan on the stalk region of PD-1 protein using O-protease digestion coupling with intact mass analysis. The result indicates that T153, S157, S159, and T168 are modified by sialylated mucin-type O-glycan with core 1- and core 2-based structures. This study provides both information on potential novel modification sites on the PD-1 protein and an attractive method for identifying O-linked glycosylation using a specific enzyme and intact mass analysis.
Predicting vasovagal reactions to needles with anticipatory facial temperature profiles
Authors: Rudokaite Judita , Ong L. L. Sharon , Onal Ertugrul Itir , Janssen Mart P. , Huis in ‘t Veld Elisabeth M. J.
Published: June 2023

Around one-third of adults are scared of needles, which can result in adverse emotional and physical responses such as dizziness and fainting (e.g. vasovagal reactions; VVR) and consequently, avoidance of healthcare, treatments, and immunizations. Unfortunately, most people are not aware of vasovagal reactions until they escalate, at which time it is too late to intervene. This study aims to investigate whether facial temperature profiles measured in the waiting room, prior to a blood donation, can be used to classify who will and will not experience VVR during the donation. Average temperature profiles from six facial regions were extracted from pre-donation recordings of 193 blood donors, and machine learning was used to classify whether a donor would experience low or high levels of VVR during the donation. An XGBoost classifier was able to classify vasovagal groups from an adverse reaction during a blood donation based on this early facial temperature data, with a sensitivity of 0.87, specificity of 0.84, F1 score of 0.86, and PR-AUC of 0.93. Temperature fluctuations in the area under the nose, chin and forehead have the highest predictive value. This study is the first to demonstrate that it is possible to classify vasovagal responses during a blood donation using temperature profiles.
Knowledge, attitudes and intention on fertility preservation among breast cancer patients
Authors: Ko Jennifer K. Y. , Cheung Charleen S. Y. , Cheng Heidi H. Y. , Yung Sofie S. F. , Ng Ting Ying , Tin Winnie W. Y. , Yuen Ho Yan , Lam Martin H. C. , Chan Ann S. Y. , Fung Sara W. W. , Man Vivian C. M. , Kwong Ava , Ng Ernest H. Y.
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in reproductive age women. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and intention on fertility preservation among women diagnosed to have breast cancer. This is a multi-centre cross-sectional questionnaire study. Reproductive age women diagnosed with breast cancer attending Oncology, Breast Surgery and Gynaecology Clinics and support groups were invited to participate. Women filled in paper or electronic form of the questionnaire. 461 women were recruited and 421 women returned the questionnaire. Overall, 181/410 (44.1%) women had heard of fertility preservation. Younger age and higher education level were significantly associated with increased awareness of fertility preservation. Awareness and acceptance of the different fertility preservation methods in reproductive age women with breast cancer was suboptimal. However, 46.1% women felt that their fertility concerns affected their decision for cancer treatment in some way.
Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI estimation of vascular parameters using knowledge-based adaptive models
Authors: Bagher-Ebadian Hassan , Brown Stephen L. , Ghassemi Mohammad M. , Nagaraja Tavarekere N. , Valadie Olivia Grahm , Acharya Prabhu C. , Cabral Glauber , Divine George , Knight Robert A. , Lee Ian Y. , Xu Jun H. , Movsas Benjamin , Chetty Indrin J. , Ewing James R.
Published: June 2023

We introduce and validate four adaptive models (AMs) to perform a physiologically based Nested-Model-Selection (NMS) estimation of such microvascular parameters as forward volumetric transfer constant, Ktrans, plasma volume fraction, vp, and extravascular, extracellular space, ve, directly from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) MRI raw information without the need for an Arterial-Input Function (AIF). In sixty-six immune-compromised-RNU rats implanted with human U-251 cancer cells, DCE-MRI studies estimated pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters using a group-averaged radiological AIF and an extended Patlak-based NMS paradigm. One-hundred-ninety features extracted from raw DCE-MRI information were used to construct and validate (nested-cross-validation, NCV) four AMs for estimation of model-based regions and their three PK parameters. An NMS-based a priori knowledge was used to fine-tune the AMs to improve their performance. Compared to the conventional analysis, AMs produced stable maps of vascular parameters and nested-model regions less impacted by AIF-dispersion. The performance (Correlation coefficient and Adjusted R-squared for NCV test cohorts) of the AMs were: 0.914/0.834, 0.825/0.720, 0.938/0.880, and 0.890/0.792 for predictions of nested model regions, vp, Ktrans, and ve, respectively. This study demonstrates an application of AMs that quickens and improves DCE-MRI based quantification of microvasculature properties of tumors and normal tissues relative to conventional approaches.
Aquaporin-4 expression and modulation in a rat model of post-traumatic syringomyelia
Authors: Berliner Joel A. , Lam Magdalena A. , Najafi Elmira , Hemley Sarah J. , Bilston Lynne E. , Stoodley Marcus A.
Published: June 2023

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has been implicated in post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS), a disease characterised by the formation of fluid-filled cysts in the spinal cord. This study investigated the expression of AQP4 around a mature cyst (syrinx) and the effect of pharmacomodulation of AQP4 on syrinx size. PTS was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by computerized spinal cord impact and subarachnoid kaolin injection. Immunofluorescence of AQP4 was carried out on mature syrinx tissue 12 weeks post-surgery. Increased AQP4 expression corresponded to larger, multiloculated cysts (R2 = 0.94), yet no localized changes to AQP4 expression in perivascular regions or the glia limitans were present. In a separate cohort of animals, at 6 weeks post-surgery, an AQP4 agonist (AqF026), antagonist (AqB050), or vehicle was administered daily over 4 days, with MRIs performed before and after the completion of treatment. Histological analysis was performed at 12 weeks post-surgery. Syrinx volume and length were not altered with AQP4 modulation. The correlation between increased AQP4 expression with syrinx area suggests that AQP4 or the glia expressing AQP4 are recruited to regulate water movement. Given this, further investigation should examine AQP4 modulation with dose regimens at earlier time-points after PTS induction, as these may alter the course of syrinx development.
Functional connectivity discriminates epileptogenic states and predicts surgical outcome in children with drug resistant epilepsy
Authors: Rijal Sakar , Corona Ludovica , Perry M. Scott , Tamilia Eleonora , Madsen Joseph R. , Stone Scellig S. D. , Bolton Jeffrey , Pearl Phillip L. , Papadelis Christos
Published: June 2023

Normal brain functioning emerges from a complex interplay among regions forming networks. In epilepsy, these networks are disrupted causing seizures. Highly connected nodes in these networks are epilepsy surgery targets. Here, we assess whether functional connectivity (FC) using intracranial electroencephalography can quantify brain regions epileptogenicity and predict surgical outcome in children with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). We computed FC between electrodes on different states (i.e. interictal without spikes, interictal with spikes, pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal) and frequency bands. We then estimated the electrodes’ nodal strength. We compared nodal strength between states, inside and outside resection for good- (n = 22, Engel I) and poor-outcome (n = 9, Engel II–IV) patients, respectively, and tested their utility to predict the epileptogenic zone and outcome. We observed a hierarchical epileptogenic organization among states for nodal strength: lower FC during interictal and pre-ictal states followed by higher FC during ictal and post-ictal states (p< 0.05). We further observed higher FC inside resection (p< 0.05) for good-outcome patients on different states and bands, and no differences for poor-outcome patients. Resection of nodes with high FC was predictive of outcome (positive and negative predictive values: 47–100%). Our findings suggest that FC can discriminate epileptogenic states and predict outcome in patients with DRE.
Thoracoscopic segmentectomy in children with congenital lung malformation
Authors: Joo Seohee , Yun Taeyoung , Kang Chang Hyun , Na Kwon Joong , Park Samina , Park In Kyu , Kim Young Tae
Published: June 2023

Congenital lung malformations (CLM) are most commonly treated with a pulmonary lobectomy. However, due to technological advancement, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) segmentectomy is becoming an attractive alternative to VATS lobectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of VATS segmentectomy as a lung parenchyma-saving strategy in children with CLM. A retrospective analysis was performed on 85 children, for whom VATS segmentectomy was tried for CLM between January 2010 and July 2020. We compared the surgical outcomes of VATS segmentectomy with the outcomes of 465 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy. Eighty-four patients received VATS segmentectomy and thoracotomy conversion was necessary for one patient for CLM. The mean age was 3.2 ± 2.5 (range 1.2–11.6) years. The mean operative time was 91.4 ± 35.6 (range 40–200) minutes. The median duration of chest tube drainage was 1 (range 1–21) day, and the median length of postoperative hospital stay was 4 (range 3–23) days. There were no postoperative mortality and postoperative complications developed in 7 patients (8.2%), including persistent air leakage in 6 patients (7.1%) and postoperative pneumonia in 1 patient (1.2%). The median follow-up period was 33.5 (interquartile range 31–57) months and there were no patients requiring re-intervention or reoperation during the follow-up period. In the VATS segmentectomy group, the persistent air leakage rate was higher than in the VATS lobectomy group (7.1 vs. 1.1%, p = 0.003). Otherwise, postoperative outcomes were comparable between the two groups. VATS segmentectomy in children with CLM is a technically feasible alternative to VATS lobectomy with acceptable early and mid-term outcomes. However, the persistent air-leakage rate was higher in VATS segmentectomy.
A numerical analysis of inclination and rectification of ramp-bridge piers adjacent to surcharge load in soft clay area
Authors: Shen Boheng , Mao Dingtao , Ding Yong , Wang Lei , Li Zhiyong
Published: June 2023

The surrounding surcharge has an adverse impact on the service performance of buildings and bridges, and it can endanger their structural safety, especially in soft soil areas. As one case study, the inclination accident of an expressway ramp bridge and its rectification are investigated in this study. Through the three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis of the overall structures composed of the bridge span, the pier, and the pile foundation, the whole process of the inclination by the adjacent dumped earth, partial recovery by the unloading, and the lateral pushing rectification of the bridge structure were simulated. The results show that the surcharge load leads to soil displacement near the bridge pile, and the pile-soil interaction leads to the pile deformation, which further causes the inclination of the pier, and the movement of the bridge span. The severity of the accident can be measured by the inclination of the piers and the opening widths of the bridge expansion joints. Due to the plastic deformation and drainage consolidation of the soft clay foundation under the surcharge load, the inclination of the piles and piers cannot be fully recovered after unloading. In order to capture these processes, the FE simulation was divided into three steps. First, the drainage consolidation of the soil foundation were identified by FE simulation and the field measurement of the recovery of the structure after unloading. Second, the effects of soil properties, the surcharge time and surcharge strength on the bridge inclination and the recovery capacity after unloading are discussed. Finally, the rectification of the bridge by lateral pushing was simulated, and the deformation and stress in the pier and pile were calculated to evaluate the safety of the structures. These analyses provided understanding towards the prevention of the bridge inclination under surcharge load, prediction of the recovery by the unloading, and the methods to reduce the residual deformation to meet the specifications.
Structure guided studies of the interaction between PTP1B and JAK
Authors: Morris Rhiannon , Keating Narelle , Tan Cyrus , Chen Hao , Laktyushin Artem , Saiyed Tamanna , Liau Nicholas P. D. , Nicola Nicos A. , Tiganis Tony , Kershaw Nadia J. , Babon Jeffrey J.
Published: June 2023

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is the prototypical protein tyrosine phosphatase and plays an essential role in the regulation of several kinase-driven signalling pathways. PTP1B displays a preference for bisphosphorylated substrates. Here we identify PTP1B as an inhibitor of IL-6 and show that, in vitro, it can dephosphorylate all four members of the JAK family. In order to gain a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of JAK dephosphorylation, we undertook a structural and biochemical analysis of the dephosphorylation reaction. We identified a product-trapping PTP1B mutant that allowed visualisation of the tyrosine and phosphate products of the reaction and a substrate-trapping mutant with a vastly decreased off-rate compared to those previously described. The latter mutant was used to determine the structure of bisphosphorylated JAK peptides bound to the enzyme active site. These structures revealed that the downstream phosphotyrosine preferentially engaged the active site, in contrast to the analogous region of IRK. Biochemical analysis confirmed this preference. In this binding mode, the previously identified second aryl binding site remains unoccupied and the non-substrate phosphotyrosine engages Arg47. Mutation of this arginine disrupts the preference for the downstream phosphotyrosine. This study reveals a previously unappreciated plasticity in how PTP1B interacts with different substrates.
Zooplankton grazing is the largest source of uncertainty for marine carbon cycling in CMIP6 models
Authors: Rohr Tyler , Richardson Anthony J. , Lenton Andrew , Chamberlain Matthew A. , Shadwick Elizabeth H.
Published: June 2023

The current generation of Earth system models used by the United Nations to project future climate scenarios (CMIP6) relies heavily on marine biogeochemical models to track the fate of carbon absorbed into the oceans. Here we compare 11 CMIP6 marine biogeochemical models and find the largest source of inter-model uncertainty in their representation of the marine carbon cycle is phytoplankton-specific loss rates to zooplankton grazing. This uncertainty is over three times larger than that of net primary production and driven by large differences in prescribed zooplankton grazing dynamics. We run a controlled sensitivity experiment in a global marine biogeochemical model and find that small changes in prescribed grazing dynamics (roughly 5% of what is used across CMIP6 models) can increase secondary and export production by 5 and 2 PgC yr−1, respectively, even when tuned to identical net primary production, likely biasing predictions of future climate states and food security.
Future ocean conditions induce necrosis, microbial dysbiosis and nutrient cycling imbalance in the reef sponge Stylissa flabelliformis
Authors: Botté Emmanuelle S , Bennett Holly , Engelberts J Pamela , Thomas Torsten , Bell James J , Webster Nicole S , Luter Heidi M
Published: June 2023

Oceans are rapidly warming and acidifying in the context of climate change, threatening sensitive marine biota including coral reef sponges. Ocean warming (OW) and ocean acidification (OA) can impact host health and associated microbiome, but few studies have investigated these effects, which are generally studied in isolation, on a specific component of the holobiont. Here we present a comprehensive view of the consequences of simultaneous OW and OA for the tropical sponge Stylissa flabelliformis. We found no interactive effect on the host health or microbiome. Furthermore, OA (pH 7.6 versus pH 8.0) had no impact, while OW (31.5 °C versus 28.5 °C) caused tissue necrosis, as well as dysbiosis and shifts in microbial functions in healthy tissue of necrotic sponges. Major taxonomic shifts included a complete loss of archaea, reduced proportions of Gammaproteobacteria and elevated relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria. OW weakened sponge-microbe interactions, with a reduced capacity for nutrient exchange and phagocytosis evasion, indicating lower representations of stable symbionts. The potential for microbially-driven nitrogen and sulphur cycling was reduced, as was amino acid metabolism. Crucially, the dysbiosis annihilated the potential for ammonia detoxification, possibly leading to accumulation of toxic ammonia, nutrient imbalance, and host tissue necrosis. Putative defence against reactive oxygen species was greater at 31.5 °C, perhaps as microorganisms capable of resisting temperature-driven oxidative stress were favoured. We conclude that healthy symbiosis in S. flabelliformis is unlikely to be disrupted by future OA but will be deeply impacted by temperatures predicted for 2100 under a “business-as-usual” carbon emission scenario.
Polystyrene nanoplastics target lysosomes interfering with lipid metabolism through the PPAR system and affecting macrophage functionalization
Authors: Brandts Irene , Solà Roger , Garcia-Ordoñez Marlid , Gella Alex , Quintana Albert , Martin Beatriz , Esteve-Codina Anna , Teles Mariana , Roher Nerea
Published: June 2023

Nanoplastics (NPs) are currently a main concern for environmental, animal and human health due to their potential to accumulate in different environmental compartments and provoke effects in living organisms.
Investigating the cut-off effect of n-alcohols on lipid movement: a biophysical study
Authors: Nguyen Michael H.L. , Dziura Dominik , DiPasquale Mitchell , Castillo Stuart R. , Kelley Elizabeth G. , Marquardt Drew
Published: June 2023

Cellular membranes are responsible for absorbing the effects of external perturbants for the cell's survival.
Atomic-precise Pt2Cu4 cluster-based fluorescent sensor for rapid interleukin-6 detection
Authors: Shao Zi-Hui , Mo Hui-Lin , Zhao Xueli , Xie Fuwei , Zhao Ge
Published: June 2023

Immunofluorescence sensor based on Pt2Cu4NBs for the rapid and sensitive detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6) with a limit of detection of 42.66 pg mL−1.
A host–guest compound formed by Cu3[P2W18O62] and HKUST-1 with capacitance and H2O2 sensing properties
Authors: Shi Caihong , Di Shan , Jiang Hongquan , Wang Chunxiao , Wang Chunmei , Yu Kai , Lv Jinghua , Zhou Baibin
Published: June 2023

HRBNU-7 is synthesized by a grinding method, and it shows excellent performance in supercapacitors and sensing.
Rational design, crystal structure, and frustrated magnetism of the Ge-containing YbFe2O4-type layered oxides In2Zn3−xCoxGeO8 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3)
Authors: Wu Yuhan , Jiang Pengfei , Yang Tao
Published: June 2023

The strong geometrical AFM frustration in the new YbFe2O4-type layered oxides In2Zn3−xCoxGeO8 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) led to spin-glass or low-temperature AFM transitions.
Ecological risk of galaxolide and its transformation product galaxolidone: evidence from the literature and a case study in Guangzhou waterways
Authors: Su Yanrong , Li Faxu , Xiao Xiangxiang , Li Huizhen , Wang Dali , You Jing
Published: June 2023

Galaxolidone (HHCB-lac) is a major transformation product of the commonly used synthetic musk galaxolide (HHCB) and is ubiquitous in the environment along with the parent compound.
Activity-enhanced DNAzyme for design of label-free copper(ii) biosensor
Authors: Etheridge William , Brossard Frederic , Zheng Sitan , Moench Svenja , Pavagada Suraj , Owens Róisín M. , Fruk Ljiljana
Published: June 2023

Electrochemical detection of Cu(ii) using -PDA- and Au NP mediated DNAzyme activity enhancement.
Fluorination of alkylidenecyclopropanes and alkylidenecyclobutanes: divergent synthesis of fluorinated cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes
Authors: Wu Jin-Bo , Li Shuang , Han Shuai , Wang Yue , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhen , Zeng Yao-Fu
Published: June 2023

Fluorohydrins, fluoroethers, fluoroesters and fluoroketones were synthesizedviafluorination of alkylidenecyclopropanes and alkylidenecyclobutanes with selectfluor.
Sequestration of ruthenium residues via efficient fluorous-enyne termination
Authors: Sui Xuelin , Wang Chenxiao , Gutekunst Will R.
Published: June 2023

An efficient method for removal of ruthenium from ring-opening metathesis polymers is reported through the combination of enyne terminators and fluorous solid-phase extraction.
Carboxyl group assisted isodesmicmeta-C–H iodination of phenethylamines, benzylamines, and 2-aryl anilines
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Xinchao , Zhang Meng , Li Shangda , Fang Xinqiang , Li Gang
Published: June 2023

Remote isodesmicmeta-C–H iodination of phenethylamines, benzylamines, and 2-aryl anilines was enabled by an alkyl carboxyl group.
Adsorption of air pollutants onto silver and gold atomic clusters: DFT and PNO-LCCSD-F12 calculations
Authors: Mohammadi Mohsen Doust , Patsalidis Nikolaos , Bhowmick Somnath , Harmandaris Vagelis A , Biskos George
Published: June 2023

We provide a comprehensive investigation of intermolecular interactions between atmospheric gaseous pollutants, including CH4, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, SO2, as well as H2O and Agn(n= 1–22) or Aun(n= 1–20) atomic clusters.
A highly efficient and sustainable photoabsorber in solar-driven seawater desalination and wastewater purification
Authors: Shafaee Masoomeh , Goharshadi Elaheh K. , Ghafurian Mohammad Mustafa , Mohammadi Mojtaba , Behnejad Hassan
Published: June 2023

Producing freshwater from seawater and wastewater is of great importance through interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG).
Efficient quenching sheds light on early stages of gold nanoparticle formation
Authors: Biegel Markus , Schikarski Tobias , Cardenas Lopez Paola , Gromotka Lukas , Lübbert Christian , Völkl Andreas , Damm Cornelia , Walter Johannes , Peukert Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

Quenching by glutathione enables visualization of intermediate stages of the gold nanoparticle formation. A T-mixer allows precise control of the particle size distribution via the Reynolds number Re.
Vertically aligned MoS2nanosheets on monodisperse MXene as electrolyte-philic cathodes for zinc ion batteries with enhanced capacity
Authors: Su Wanting , Lang Man , Zhang Qingxiao , Yang Yanan , Li Huili , Zhang Fang
Published: June 2023

The hierarchical structure MoS2/Ti3C2Txwere constructed from 2D MoS2nanosheets vertically grown on monodisperse 2D MXene layers. Due to high hydrophilicity and electrical conductivity, ZIBs showed excellent electrochemical performance.
Evaluation of the synergistic effect of chitosan metal ions (Cu2+/Co2+) in combination with antibiotics to counteract the effects on antibiotic resistant bacteria
Authors: Elbialy Nouran A. , Elhakim Heba K. A. , Mohamed Mona Hassan , Zakaria Zainab
Published: June 2023

Synergistic effect of chitosan with metal ions [Cu2+/Co2+] in combination with antibiotics: an approach for reverse the effect of antibiotic resistance gene.
Synthesis, structural studies and computational evaluation of cyclophanes incorporating imidazole-2-selones
Authors: Mageed Ahmed Hassoon , Al-Ameed Karrar
Published: June 2023

Cyclophanes incorporating o-xylylene or mesitylene-m-cyclophane linked-selone groups are mutually syn in both solid state and solution. While, m-xylylene or p-xylylene cyclophanes linked-selone groups show syn and anti conformations in the solution.
Transition metal dichalcogenide electrodes with interface engineering for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Shaheen Misbah , Ifseisi Ahmad A. , Aftab Sikandar , Ahmad Zubair , Siyal Sajid Hussain , Iqbal Muhammad Javaid
Published: June 2023

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have been explored in recent years to utilize in electronics due to their remarkable properties.
Impact of intentional composition tuning on the sintering properties of Ca–Bi co-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 for co-fired solid-state batteries
Authors: Hayashi Naohiro , Watanabe Ken , Ohnishi Tsuyoshi , Takada Kazunori , Shimanoe Kengo
Published: June 2023

Ca and Bi co-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 electrolytes exhibiting 1.2 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 750 °C sintering are realized by combining the Li–Bi–O sintering aid. A co-fired all-solid-state battery fabricated using this material achieves 80 cycles.
Ge-alloyed kesterite thin-film solar cells: previous investigations and current status – a comprehensive review
Authors: Scaffidi Romain , Birant Gizem , Brammertz Guy , de Wild Jessica , Flandre Denis , Vermang Bart
Published: June 2023

Ge alloying in kesterite thin films enables to mitigate electronic defect and disorder, enhance morphology as well as realize bandgap grading, all contributing to higher performance of complete solar cells via resolved Voc and fill factor deficits.
Steady cycling of lithium metal anode enabled by alloying Sn-modified carbon nanofibers
Authors: Fu Cuimei , Yang Hao , Jia Pengfei , Zhao Chengcheng , Wang Lina , Liu Tianxi
Published: June 2023

Self-supported porous carbon nanofibers containing lithiophilic Li5Sn2 alloy were constructed using in situ electrochemical reactions for inducing uniform lithium nucleation deposition.
Synthesis of sodium alginate/polyacrylamide photochromic hydrogels with quadruple crosslinked networks
Authors: Zuo Wenjing , Chen Qi , Xie Zhen , Habib Sania , Jing Yidan , Zhang Xiaomin , Yu Ningya , Su Shengpei , Zhu Jin
Published: June 2023

Photochromic hydrogels have great potential for inkless printing, smart display devices, anti-counterfeiting and encryption.
Novel α-mannose-functionalized poly(β-amino ester) nanoparticles as mRNA vaccines with increased antigen presenting cell selectivity in the spleen
Authors: González-Ríos Nil , Artigues Margalida , Guerra-Rebollo Marta , Planas Antoni , Borrós Salvador , Faijes Magda , Fornaguera Cristina
Published: June 2023

Schematic representation of α-mannose-functionalized poly(β aminoester) nanoparticle administration to mice and their selective targeting to CD209-expressing antigen-presenting cells.
A new avenue to relaxor-like ferroelectric behaviour found by probing the structure and dynamics of [NH3NH2]Mg(HCO2)3
Authors: Hitchings Thomas J. , Wickins Helen M. , Peat George U. L. , Hodgkinson Paul , Srivastava Anant Kumar , Lu Teng , Liu Yun , Piltz Ross O. , Demmel Franz , Phillips Anthony E. , Saines Paul J.
Published: June 2023

Analysis of the average and local structure in (NH3NH2)Mg(HCO2)3 reveals a new source of relaxor ferroelectric like behaviour in a hybrid framework.
Sr2Sb2O7: a novel earth abundant oxide thermoelectric
Authors: Rodriguez Luisa Herring , Spooner Kieran B. , Einhorn Maud , Scanlon David O.
Published: June 2023

Here we calculate the thermoelectric properties of Sr2Sb2O7 with high-level theory including hybrid DFT and MRTA electronic scattering calculations. We obtain a maximum ZT of 0.71, in excess of other state-of-the-art oxide thermoelectrics.
The Effect of Age and Task Complexity on the Microstructure of Child Arabic Narratives
Authors: Mahfoudhi Abdessatar , Abdalla Fauzia , Al-Sulaihim Nailah
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

This study examines the development of narrative microstructure elements of productivity, lexical diversity, and syntactic complexity in the oral story production of preschool- and school-age Kuwaiti Arabic–speaking children. It also explores the effects of story task complexity on the target microstructural features.

Method:

This study employed a cross-sectional research design and enrolled 96 monolingual speakers of Kuwaiti Arabic. Four groups of children aged 4;0–7;11 (years;months) were randomly recruited from public schools across Kuwait. The groups consisted of 22 four-year-olds (Kindergarten 1), 24 five-year-olds (Kindergarten 2), 25 six-year-olds (Grade 1), and 25 seven-year-olds (Grade 2). Two sets of sequential pictures from the Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument were used to elicit storytelling from all participants: a one-episode story and a more complex three-episode story.

Results:

The children's stories were analyzed to determine if there were differences in narrative microstructure as a function of age and task complexity. The data indicated that productivity, lexical diversity, and syntactic structures increased with task complexity. The length of communication units, the average mean length of the three longest utterances, and the amount and variety of words in the children's productions were all significantly larger in the more complex story. Only one syntactic structure showed age as well as task effects.

Conclusion:

Clinical recommendations include adapting the coding scheme to fit Arabic data, using the more complex narrative alone for microstructure analysis, and calculating only a few measures for productivity and syntactic complexity to save time.
Application of laboratory and on field techniques to determine the risk of hydrogen embrittlement in gaseous hydrogen and relative mixtures transport and storage
Authors: Valentini Renzo , Bacchi Linda , Biagini Fabio , Mastroianni Matteo
Published: June 2023

The European Green Deal aims to achieve the climate neutrality in Europe by 2050; furthermore, an intermediate target fixes a first reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by minimum 55% within 2030, with reference to 1990 levels. In these contexts, and in particular in hard-to-abate processes as steelmaking, hydrogen could be a key instrument to achieve the above-mentioned sustainability targets. It can be produced from renewables and does not produce direct CO2 emission when used. On the other side, one of the main issues related to hydrogen use is the fact that it involves a certain risk linked to potential susceptibility of steels to hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon that could also lead to catastrophic failures. Suitable materials should be used in these applications by performing a prior evaluation of material susceptibility. The characterization consists in determining the behaviour of materials when exposed to hydrogen atmosphere, in order to determine a hydrogen threshold value for failure. To approach this theme, a first experimental was carried out on steels typically applied in oil and gas industry. Experimental included hydrogen diffusivity, solubility and mechanical tests. Moreover, electrochemical charging was compared to gaseous charging, confirming the first methodology is much more severe and thus not very significant for high-pressure gas applications. Furthermore, a continuous monitoring technique for hydrogen embrittlement risk assessment is under development. The methodology is based on high-resolution gas sensors used to measure the hydrogen flux permeating through the metal wall of transport and storage components. Relative signal can be correlated with the material susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement in order to assess related failure risk. The device was tried on a pressure vessel containing pure hydrogen to assess the system’s sensitivity.
Analysis of the Effect of Digital Economy Driving High-Quality Development of Regional Brand Economy
Authors: Wang Chunjuan , Guo Kaige
Published: June 2023

The high-quality development of the brand economy is an important part of China's high-quality economic development. Based on China's provincial panel data, this paper constructs an evaluation indicator system from four dimensions of digital infrastructure, digital industry development, digital R&D innovation, and digital governance environment, and constructs an indicator system of high-quality development level of the regional brand economy from two levels of brand value and brand intellectual property. Empirical tests show that the digital economy drives high-quality development of the regional brand economy, And the driving effect shows that the eastern region is stronger than the central and western regions. Finally, it is proposed that China should accelerate the development of the digital economy by strengthening regional digital infrastructure, promoting regional digital industry development, supporting and promoting regional digital R&D innovation, and optimizing the digital governance environment to achieve high-quality development of the regional brand economy.
Study on the influence mechanism of digital economy on common prosperity
Authors: Min He
Published: June 2023

To achieve common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism. In the new stage of development, the development of digital economy is of great significance to the realization of common prosperity. On the basis of analyzing the theory of digital economy promoting common prosperity, the entropy right method was used to calculate the development index of digital economy and common prosperity in prefecture-level cities, and the panel data of 29 provinces in the period from 2005 to 2019 were ically tested using Stata16.0. The study found that the digital economy is conducive to the realization of common prosperity, and it is realized by optimizing resource allocation, improving the level of technological innovation, and promoting coordinated development.
A Review of Research on Intelligence and High-Quality Development of Enterprises
Authors: Yang Jianchun , Zhou Lei
Published: June 2023

The development of intelligence in China is in full swing, and it is at the world's leading level in many fields. Guided by the scientific judgment of the government work report ' promoting the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and the real economy ', the deep integration with intelligence is an important starting point for achieving high-quality economic development in China. The realization of high-quality development of micro-enterprises is an important prerequisite and basic guarantee for high-quality development at the macro level. It is undoubtedly an important issue to study intelligent technology and high-quality development of micro-enterprises in the new era. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have made extensive explorations in the economic effects of artificial intelligence, the influencing factors of high-quality development of enterprises, and intelligent ' enabling ' high-quality development, which have contributed important results with reference value and significance to the study of intelligent and high-quality development of enterprises.This paper reviews and summarizes this, in order to provide some help for the high quality development of enterprises.
Value Co-creation through IoT: An Investigation of the Synergies between Market and Government Policies in the Equipment Manufacturing Industry of Shandong
Authors: Chen Chunhui
Published: June 2023

Currently, many equipment manufacturing enterprises in China lack effective management integration. While research on total factor productivity measurement and influencing factors exists, there is a lack of systematic research from the perspectives of different stakeholders, both inside and outside the enterprise market and government. To address this gap, this study examines the differences in demands for integrated management among enterprises of different ownership and sizes. Using the theory of value cocreation and Internet of Things technology, 273 enterprises in 16 cities in Shandong Province were sampled. The study also compares the impact of market fiscal and tax incentives on enterprise resource allocation and innovation performance, as well as the differences between "tangible and intangible" means of the market and government. The Internet of Things technology is utilized to build integrated management systems and verify the mechanisms of market incentives and government policies. Results reveal that market incentive policies have a differential effect on enterprises of different ownership and sizes, and the total factor productivity of sample enterprises is significantly and positively correlated with the strength of market incentive policy. Moreover, there are noticeable differences in the impact of government subsidy policies on enterprises of different sizes. Small and medium-sized enterprises do not respond significantly to fluctuations in government subsidy policies, while large enterprises are more sensitive to such fluctuations.