bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İnsansız Hava Aracı ile Yangın Bölgesinin Tespiti ve Müdahalesinin Yapay Zeka ile Tahminlenmesi
Authors: Yücel Mehmet , Aksoy Bekir
Published: December 2024

Özet: Orman yangınları günümüzde, canlı yaşam alanlarını tehdit eden afetlerin başında gelmektedir. Küresel ısınmadaki artış, hava kalitesinin bozulması, hayvan ve bitki çeşitliliğindeki azalmalar, orman yangınlarının oluşturduğu başlıca zararlardır. Orman yangınlarının oluşturduğu tehditler ile mücadele edebilmek için tüm devletler çeşitli politikalar geliştirmekte ve ciddi maddi harcamalar yapmaktadırlar. Bu mücadelede kullanılan teknolojik ürünlerin geliştirilmesi ve orman yangınlarına daha hızlı ve kesin çözümün bulunabilmesi elzemdir. Gerçekleştirilen tez çalışmasında bu sorunlardan hareketle yapay zeka tabanlı bir insansız hava aracı sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen sistem olası yangın bölgesinde devriye gezerek otonom uçuş ve analiz yapma yeteneklerine sahiptir. Sistem üzerinde bulunan kamera ile anlık olarak görüntüler yer birimine aktırılmakta ve işlenmektedir. İşlenen görüntüler de yangın ve duman emareleri aranmaktadır. Olası bir yangın durumunda sistem otonom olarak yangın bölgesinde uçuş gerçekleştirmekte ve yangına müdahale etmek üzere görev icra etmektedir. Yangın anında yapay zeka modelleri ile rüzgar hızı, İHA hızı, İHA irtifası bilgileri işlenerek bir yatay atış tahmini yapılmaktadır. Tahmin sonucunda İHA hareket halinde iken yangın söndürme topunun bırakılması gereken an hesaplanmaktadır. Oluşan yatay atışın X ekseninde ne kadar yol alacacağı model tarafından tahmin edilmektedir. X ekseninden alınacak yolun bitiş noktası yangın merkezi için tahminlenmektedir. Böylece doğru bir atış ile yangın söndürme topunun alevli bölgeye düşürülmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Close but far away: Intergenerational relationships between retirement migrants and adult children
Authors: Spaan Juul , Henkens Kène , Kalmijn Matthijs
Published: December 2024

Objective: This paper examines variations in how international retirement migrants maintain intergenerational relationships with adult children residing in the country of origin.
Background: Despite a greater need for support from family members in the later life course, many retirement migrants move away from their adult children. Prior studies have described retirement migrants’ family ties, but often using non-representative samples and without examining factors that could explain variations.
Method: We collected data on a stratified representative random sample of Dutch nationals aged 66-90 who migrated after age fifty to one of 40 different destination countries (N = 2,849). Ordered logistic regression models are performed on three dimensions of retirement migrants’ relationship with adult children.
Results: Retirement migrants are emotionally close to their adult children despite little face-to-face contact and not particularly frequent digital contact. Female and married retirement migrants have more contact and closeness with adult children than males and divorced or widowed people. Fewer opportunities for contact, such as a greater geographical distance and a lower socioeconomic status, mainly predict lower contact frequencies but not variation in emotional closeness. Evidence for the need for contact is mixed and the role of cultural norms is limited.
Conclusion: The maintenance of family ties over longer distances challenges the view that frequency of contact is a prerequisite for emotional closeness and shows how parents adapt to a new family context.
Artes visuais, pensamentos e sonoridades
Authors: Farina Mauricius Martins , Leite Caroline Alciones de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Nesta edição da Revista Visuais, apresentamos o dossiê "Imagens aqui e lá, entre o loop e a repetição: a obra de Rodolfo Caesar", organizado pela pesquisadora Caroline Alciones de Oliveira Leite. Além deste dossiê, na seção de artigos apresentamos quatro artigos com importantes reflexões sobre os campos da poética, da estética, e da teoria crítica a respeito das artes visuais, como é tradição desta revista.
Perkembangan Kebudayaan Masyarakat Kerinci Masa Kolonial (1904-1906)
Authors: Safitri Yana , Julianti Pipi Emi , Sinurat Junita Yosephine
Published: December 2024

Kerinci society before the emergence of the Dutch had two patterns of government, namely conservative and ulama, the region had an important role in Kerinci society in determining and implementing existing regulations. The emergence of Kekerinci expansionism is considered to be detrimental to the plans and demands of the community, so that indigenous people and ulama oppose regional development with different structures and examples of obstacles. Kerinci culture is the work of the Kerinci people. The historical background of improvements is widely known at the public and global levels and is a significant source of values, motivation and reasons for understanding public activities, which must be realized in the improvement cycle carried out by regional legislatures, especially the Kerinci region. The Government and Sungaifull Regional Government are the institutions that oversee the Kerinci Regular Smoothness organization. This article will discuss the social development of Kerinci society during the border period (1904-1906). The strategy used in the hard copy form of this article is an interesting subjective exploration technique with a concentration approach to writing.
Strategi Partai Komunis Malaya Dalam Pergerakan Di Malaysia 1930-1968
Authors: Cipta Samudra Eka , Darmawan Wawan
Published: December 2024

The Communist Party of Malaya (PKM) employed a variety of strategies to disseminate its ideology among the general public. During the early 1920s, the communist movement utilized the "United Front" strategy, leveraging the Kuomintang party and Chinese schools as power bases, organizations, and publications to advance its influence. Following the establishment of the CCP in 1930, the communist strategy was to exploit prevailing conditions such as economic recession and the Sino-Japanese War to increase their influence among the people. During the Japanese occupation, the "United Front" strategy was again employed, this time the PKM formed an alliance with the British against the Japanese. The same strategy was employed in the post-war period by the PKM in their alliance with left-wing organizations against the returning British in Malaya, but ultimately proved unsuccessful. Concurrently, the PKM attempted to exert control over the Union workforce, but this was also unsuccessful. The setbacks faced by the PKM compelled it to adopt a more militant strategy through armed struggle. This article examines the various strategies employed by the PKM between 1930 and 1968 to expand their influence among the population.
Determining datum temperature and apparent activation energy: an approach for mineral admixtures incorporated cementitious systems
Authors: Atasever Muhammet , Tokyay Mustafa
Published: December 2024

The maturity method is used to predict the strength of concrete by monitoring its temperature history. Accuracy of maturity method relies on the dependable determination of the datum temperature and the apparent activation energy. The current study introduces a new approach, complementing those in ASTM C1074-11, for determining the datum temperature and apparent activation energy. The experimental study involved using two different mineral additives to portland cement at 6%, 20%, and 35% replacement amounts. The mortars were then cured at temperatures of 5, 20, and 40 °C, and their strengths were determined. Subsequently, the datum temperatures and apparent activation energies for these mixtures were calculated using both the proposed approach and the alternatives from ASTM C1074-11. Strength estimations were conducted in conjunction with commonly used maturity functions. The results indicate that the proposed approach determines the datum temperature and apparent activation energy reliably for mineral admixture-incorporated mortars. Furthermore, the predicted strengths, derived from the datum temperature and apparent activation energy calculated through the proposed approach, show a closer alignment with the experimental results when applying the Nurse-Saul and Hansen-Pedersen equations, as opposed to the Rastrup and Weaver-Sadgrove models.
Impact of iron powder and blast furnace slag on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete: An experimental and hyperparameter-tuned ANN-based study
Authors: Ulu Arif , Tutar Ali Ikbal , Shams Mohsen , Cakir Ferit
Published: December 2024

Polymer-based materials have become increasingly used in concrete production and various engineering applications due to their versatile properties. In particular, polymer concrete (PC) has become a preferred reinforcement material in the construction industry. Various studies have been carried out to evaluate the performance of PC and to improve its mechanical properties by adding different admixtures. This study investigates the effects of fine materials such as iron powder (IP) and blast furnace slag (BFS) on the mechanical performance of PC. Within the scope of the study, samples with 5% and 10% IP, 5% and 10% BFS, 2.5% IP + 2.5% BFS and 5% IP + 5% BFS were prepared. These specimens were cured in the same laboratory environment and subjected to mechanical tests at the end of the 7th day. The results of the mechanical tests were compared to reveal the effect of fine materials on the performance of the PC. The potential of an artificial neural network (ANN) model is investigated to replicate real-world outcomes. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of iron powder and blast furnace slag as admixtures to improve the mechanical properties of PC.
PROGRAMA MAIS MÉDICOS E PROGRAMA MÉDICOS PELO BRASIL: ANÁLISE DA ATUAÇÃO ESTATAL NA GARANTIA AO ACESSO UNIVERSAL À SAÚDE.
Authors: DA SILVA SOUZA LAIS , Aizza Leila Eliane
Published: December 2024

Com a promulgação da carta constitucional a saúde tornou-se política pública no Brasil, através do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) muitos programas foram criados pelos partidos políticos que fizeram a gestão federal dessa política ao longo de trinta e seis anos de implementação. Dentre eles, destacam-se o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) criado pelo governo Dilma para levar a saúde primária às áreas prioritárias do SUS e o Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMB), estabelecido pelo governo Bolsonaro. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar como o direito constitucional do acesso universal à saúde foi garantido por esses programas.
O SERVIÇO SOCIAL NO BRASIL E SEU ENRIQUECIMENTO HISTÓRICO: DA GÊNESE À CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Sousa Willy Cardoso , Rosemeire dos Santos
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo dedica-se a uma análise sobre o movimento sócio histórico do Serviço Social brasileiro, desde sua institucionalização com o viés conservador, higienista, voltado aos interesses da burguesia, o seu processo de tentativa de ruptura com o conservadorismo, até uma profissão com a direção social em defensa dos interesses da classe trabalhadora, e das minorias como a população LGBTQIA+, negra, indígenas, quilombolas, populações ribeirinhas, do campo e das águas e segmentos populacionais que encontram-se em situação de vulnerabilidade social.
GRAVIDEZ NA ADOLESCÊNCIA: O PAPEL DO SERVIÇO SOCIAL NO ATENDIMENTO MULTIDISCIPLINAR EM CASOS DE GRAVIDEZ NA ADOLESCÊNCIA
Authors: Fernandes Freitas Daniela , Da Nóbrega Beserra Ingrid Karla
Published: December 2024

O presente documento é resultado do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) intitulado "O papel do serviço social no atendimento multidisciplinar em casos de gravidez na adolescência". O estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil das adolescentes grávidas atendidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), no estado do Tocantins, por meio de coleta de dados ao Integra Saúde do Tocantins, durante o período de 2022 a 2023. O enfoque no trabalho do serviço social no atendimento é central na pesquisa, fornecendo entendimentos valiosos sobre a operacionalização da profissão dentro do SUS. Este trabalho não apenas busca compreender a realidade das adolescentes grávidas, mas também oferecer contribuições significativas para discussões sobre a atuação do assistente social no contexto da saúde pública. Ao destacar os desafios e as melhores práticas no campo, espera-se promover uma maior eficácia e humanização no atendimento às necessidades dessas jovens e suas famílias.
A PRÁTICA INTERDISCIPLINAR NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA EM SAÚDE NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALMAS TO
Authors: Borges de Castro Leila
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo tem como tema a Interdisciplinaridade na Política de Saúde Pública, mais especificamente na Atenção Primária em Saúde- APS com foco na atenção e no cuidado integral no Sistema Único de Saúde-SUS. Haja vista o histórico político, social e cultural em que à Política de Saúde foi concebida no Brasil, bem como os determinantes sociais que afetam as condições de vida e saúde das populações e suas implicações na atualidade e na forma como se dá a gestão do cuidado pela equipe multiprofissional na APS.
 
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Interdisciplinaridade; Saúde; Política; Atenção; Cuidado; Integral.
IDOSOS COM HANSENÍASE: ESTUDO SOBRE A REDE DE PROTEÇÃO DE SAÚDE DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Vaz Amanda Elisa , RIBEIRO DE MORAIS GARCIA ELISELIA
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa "Idosos com hanseníase: estudo sobre a rede de proteção de saúde do Tocantins" busca compreender aspectos gerais da doença, incluindo transmissão, prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação na população idosa, especialmente no contexto da Atenção Básica do SUS. Destaca-se a importância da Estratégia de Saúde da Família como ponto inicial prioritário no sistema de saúde, garantindo continuidade e integralidade nos cuidados, coordenação da assistência, foco na família, participação comunitária e competência cultural dos profissionais. O estudo visa reconhecer a rede de proteção de saúde e social para idosos com hanseníase, incluindo acesso aos serviços públicos, direitos sociais e responsabilidades individuais/coletivas. Também apresenta dados epidemiológicos da doença em Miracema do Tocantins. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem exploratória, utilizando métodos bibliográficos e uma metodologia crítica-dialética alinhada ao projeto ético-político do Serviço Social. Conclui-se que é fundamental articular estratégias entre as Equipes de Saúde da Família e outras instituições da rede de serviços socioassistenciais para desenvolver propostas inovadoras que melhorem a eficiência no atendimento aos idosos com hanseníase no município.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Hanseníase. Estratégia de Saúde Familiar. Idoso.
Towards pandemic preparedness: ability to estimate high-resolution social contact patterns from longitudinal surveys
Authors: Dan Shozen , Tegegne Joshua , Chen Yu , Ling Zhi , Jaeger Veronika , Karch André , Mishra Swapnil , Ratmann Oliver
Published: December 2024

Social contact surveys are an important tool to assess infection risks within populations, and the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on social behaviour during disease outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. Numerous longitudinal social contact surveys were conducted during the COVID-19 era, however data analysis is plagued by reporting fatigue, a phenomenon whereby the average number of social contacts reported declines with the number of repeat participations and as participants' engagement decreases over time. Using data from the German COVIMOD Study between April 2020 to December 2021, we demonstrate that reporting fatigue varied considerably by sociodemographic factors and was consistently strongest among parents reporting children contacts (parental proxy reporting), students, middle-aged individuals, those in full-time employment and those self-employed. We find further that, when using data from first-time participants as gold standard, statistical models incorporating a simple logistic function to control for reporting fatigue were associated with substantially improved estimation accuracy relative to models with no reporting fatigue adjustments, and that no cap on the number of repeat participations was required. These results indicate that existing longitudinal contact survey data can be meaningfully interpreted under an easy-to-implement statistical approach adressing reporting fatigue confounding, and that longitudinal designs including repeat participants are a viable option for future social contact survey designs.
The Ambiguity of 'Balanced Neighbourhoods': How Rotterdam’s Housing Policy Undermines Urban Social Resilience
Authors: Prieto-Viertel Guillermo , Sirenko Mikhail , Benitez-Avila Camilo
Published: December 2024

Over the past decade, cities worldwide have increasingly adopted urban social resilience strategies, implementing systemic approaches to foster collective action and solidarity while considering the nuances of urbanisation. Their implementation, however, not only often prevents a clear assessment of the impact on resilience but also provides a fertile ground for cherry-picking, where ambiguous indicators can obscure the true drivers for urban renovation. This study examines the relationship between the "balanced neighbourhood" concept based on property value as defined by Rotterdam’s municipal policy and its contribution to urban social resilience. We use empirical data and structural equation modelling to investigate the relationship between property value distribution, social cohesion, and informal support in "balanced neighbourhood" configurations. Our findings reveal that only 2.1% of the possible property value configurations fit the research model underneath Rotterdam’s urban policy claims on social cohesion and informal support, and even in these cases, the associations are counterproductive. We argue that the ambiguous definition of "balanced neighbourhoods" obscures policy goals with certain areas, particularly in the North, paradoxically meeting policy conditions without showing the municipality’s long-term target composition, whereas the South, with a higher concentration of social housing, is targeted for renovation/demolition plans. Our study highlights the need for more nuanced and accurate measurement tools to assess social resilience and calls for a shift in focus from interventions that alter the physical composition of neighbourhoods to focusing on enhancing social cohesion as a key factor promoting resilient actions.
Associations Between Structural Stigma and Advanced Pubertal Development Persist for One Year Among Black Girls and Latinx Youth
Authors: Martino Rachel , Hollinsaid Nathan , Colich Natalie , McLaughlin Katie , Hatzenbuehler Mark
Published: December 2024

Black and Latinx youth experience advanced pubertal development relative to their same-aged, non-stigmatized peers. Research on determinants of this increased risk has focused almost exclusively on aspects of individuals (e.g., body-mass index) or their proximal environment (e.g., socioeconomic status), to the exclusion of broader macro-social factors. Using two years of Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® data, we examined whether structural stigma (e.g., state-level policies, aggregated prejudicial attitudes) was associated with hormonal and perceived physical indicators of pubertal development. Baseline results documented more advanced pubertal development among Black girls (hormones) and Latinx youth (youth and/or caregiver report) in states characterized by higher (vs. lower) structural stigma. Observed associations were comparable in effect size to a well-established correlate of pubertal development, BMI, and remained or strengthened one year later among these stigmatized (vs. non-stigmatized) groups. Findings suggest the need to broaden the study of determinants of pubertal development to include macro-social factors.
“Assessment of the utilization of fresh frozen plasma in a training and research hospital: What does the high level of inappropriate use tell us?” A descriptive-analytical study with cross-sectional method.
Authors: Yazici Murat , Yilmaz Soner , Gokcebay Dilek Gurlek , Kaymak Sahin , Yilmaz Esra Safak , Yakut Ulas , Arslan Gokhan , Avci İsmail Yasar
Published: December 2024

Objective: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is a life-saving treatment agent when used correctly, but it is also the one which is the most inappropriately used among the blood components. The aim of this study is to evaluate FFP transfusion indications based on different clinics.
Methods: The study was carried out with the data obtained as a result of retrospective reviewing of the data of a total of 500 patients from 10 different clinics. FFP Transfusion Evaluation Form was created after scanning national/international articles, guidelines, and similar publications regarding the use of FFP.
Results: It was determined that FFP was used at a rate of 26.6 % within appropriate indications. In terms of mortality development, there was no difference between the indication groups (p=0,31). There was no difference between the indication groups in the number of cases in which INR decreased with FFP transfusion (p=0,14). While the mean aPTT levels decreased from 48,2±32,1 to 31±15,4 (p<0,01) after transfusion, the mean INR values decreased from 3,6±3,8 to 1,6±0,8 (p< 0,04).
Conclusion: The high rate of inappropriate use of FFP both threatens patient health due to transfusion reactions and affects stock management in blood centers adversely. The results obtained from the study reveal that standards and guidelines should be established for the appropriate use of FFP, both on a hospital and hospital basis, and the process should be audited at regular intervals in terms of ensuring clinicians' compliance with them and appropriate use.
Gastric Edema as an Early Indicator of Helicobacter Pylori Infection?
Authors: UNAL Sinem Eser POLAT , CELIK Betul
Published: December 2024

Background
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastritis has been crucial in understanding gastrointestinal disease. H. pylori gastritis is the most common and curable type of gastritis, impacting over half of the global population.
Aims
Gastric edema may be an early sign of H. pylori infection before the onset of active chronic gastritis. This study aims to highlight the importance of considering H. pylori in biopsies showing edematous gastric mucosa, even in the absence of active inflammation.
Methods
This study included patients with "Edematous gastric mucosa, negative for H. pylori infection" from January 2022 to April 2023. Gastric corpus and cardia biopsies were excluded, and only antral biopsy samples were included to increase the specificity. Histological evaluations were performed with Hematoxylin & Eosin and Giemsa stains. H. pylori colonization was assessed and categorized based on density.
Results
A total of 211 gastric biopsy samples were examined, with 114 eligible for the study. H. pylori was detected in 20 out of 114 cases (17.54%), with a higher prevalence in pediatric patients (20%) compared to geriatric patients (13.33%). The primary complaint was abdominal pain (80%).
Conclusion
Gastric edema may be an early sign of H. pylori infection before the onset of active chronic gastritis. This study highlights the importance of considering H. pylori in biopsies showing edematous gastric mucosa, even in the absence of active inflammation.
1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in analysis of cerebral metabolite: MRS image for elderly patient anesthesia
Authors: Mao Haoli , Zhu Jiao , Zhang Fengwei , He Huan , Zhou Ren , Suo Chao , Zhang Lei , Jiang Hong
Published: December 2024

Background: The phenomenon of population aging is progress rapidly and globally, indicating more research is needed to target elderly cohort. It’s well-known that general anesthesia can have a neurocognitive impact on elderly patients, affecting their prognosis. However, the underlying mechanism of how general anesthesia affects brain function has not yet been elucidated. The impact of general anesthesia on brain metabolism may be the key to studying the effects of anesthetic drugs on the brain. At present, research on brain metabolism mainly relies on cerebrospinal fluid and animal models, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) can explore changes in metabolic products in specific regions of the brain, providing a new non-invasive in vivodetection method for studying the effects of general anesthesia on brain metabolism.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of general anesthesia on brain metabolism before and after aging brain anesthesia, using non-invasive brain MRS method. This experiment is a one arm two sessions longitudinal imaging study aimed at investigating the brain metabolic changes in patients before and after anesthesia induced by general anesthetics.
Method: 30 patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors were randomly selected and evaluated with a cognitive function scale before surgery to ensure that they have no neurocognitive dysfunction. Perform preoperative and one day postoperative head MRS scans testing on patients. The detection sequences included MEGA-PRESS optimsed for GABA detection, and short echo-time as well as long echo-time PRESS sequences at left prefrontal area. MRS data were analyzed and compared using LCModel and TARQUIN. Paired t-test was conducted to detecting metabolites’ change before and after the surgery.
Result: 30 patients were observed to have changes in the prefrontal cortex. We found a significant decrease of GABA concentration using MEGA-PRESS sequence, and a significant increase of Glutamate/Glutamineconcentration detected by both short TE and long TE PRESS sequences.
Effects of intraoperative open-lung strategy on cardiopulmonary function in frail elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gao Ju , Ding Yinyin , Huang Tianfeng , Zhu Xiangpeng , Ge Yali , Zhang Yang
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of intraoperative open-lung strategy (OLS) on pulmonary function and cardiac function in elderly frail patients.
Methods
104 frail elderly patients were randomly assigned into non-OLS group [small tidal volume (VT) + 5 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)] and OLS group [small VT + stepwise recruitment maneuvers (RM) + individualized PEEP]. Primary outcomes assessed were intraoperative cardiopulmonary function indices and incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. Secondary outcomes included postoperative markers of myocardial injury and Postoperative regression.
Results
Eighty-one patients completed the final analysis. The OLS group showed significant improvements in arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2), oxygenation index (OI), and pulmonary dynamic compliance (Cdyn) from the peak of lung recruitment to the end of surgery (T1-T4). The overall incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) also significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the non-OLS group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), early mitral inflow velocity to early mitral annular velocity ratio (E/E '), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), and plane systolic offset of mitral and tricuspid annular plane were significantly decreased at T1 in the OLS group (P < 0.05), and recovered at T3. No significant change in the expression of myocardial injury markers between the two groups (P > 0.05). The Postoperative regression time of OLS patients was significantly shortened (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The application of OLS can effectively improve intraoperative respiratory mechanics and oxygenation in frail elderly patients, reduce the occurrence of PPCs, and improve the prognosis of patients, without continuous negative impact on cardiac function.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, www.chictr.org.cn, number: ChiCTR2200058783; Registered on April 17, 2022.
A Generalized Software Reliability Growth Model Incorporating Testing-Coverage Operating in Random Field Environment with cost function
Authors: Yadav Akshay Kumar , Pant Millie , Srivast Shilpa
Published: December 2024

A human cannot imagine surviving in the current technological era without software, as software manufacturers focus heavily on creating software that is free of bugs and maintains reliability and compatibility with human activities that depend on software-enabled equipment. One important thing to look into is how the software will function in a random field condition. In this chapter, we develop a generalized software reliability growth model with generalized fault coverage function, considering the effects of random field environment. Two data sets are used, and the computational outcomes of the suggested models and the existing models are compared using the Least Square Estimation (LSE) approach in MATLAB software to show which model performs better. For comparison, the three goodness-of-fit metrics, the root mean square error, R-square, and sum of square error are also employed.
Family Resilience Enhances Subjective Wellbeing of Women with Infertility by Reducing the Infertility-Related Stress
Authors: Wang Tingting , Song Xiao , Lin Weiyi , Meng Yueru , Li Yuli
Published: December 2024

Background Women in infertile couples tend to experience more infertility-related stress and more physical and psychological problems due to a variety of reasons. In this study, the impact of infertility on women was explored. We examined the relationship between family resilience and subjective wellbeing, and the mediating role of infertility-related stress among Chinese women with infertility.Methods This cross-sectional study surveyed 403 women with infertility from two reproductive medicine centres in Jinan, Shandong Province, using the General Wellbeing Scheduling, Fertility Problem Inventory, and Family Resilience Assessment Scale. A structural equation model was used to test the relationship between family resilience and subjective wellbeing.Results The total score of family resilience was significantly negatively correlated with the total score of infertility-related stress (r = -0.296, P < 0.01), and positively correlated with the total score of subjective well-being (r = 0.366, P < 0.01). The total score of infertility-related stress was significantly negatively correlated with the total score of subjective well-being (r = -0.431, P < 0.01). Family resilience could directly improve the subjective well-being of women with infertility (95%CI: 0.1036, 0.2472; P < 0.001), which could also indirectly improve subjective well-being by reducing infertility-related stress (95%CI: 0.0401, 0.1258; P < 0.001).Conclusion The results demonstrated that family resilience was negatively correlated with infertility-related stress and positively correlated with subjective wellbeing. Moreover, infertility-related stress mediated the relationship between family resilience and subjective wellbeing. Clinical staff should not only implement strategies to reduce infertility-related stress among women with infertility, but also provide family resilience-based interventions to improve subjective wellbeing of women with infertility.
Augmented Reality Intraoperative Tractography for diffuse glioma microsurgical resection
Authors: Konovalov Anton , Bykanov Andrey , Okishev Dmitry , Artemyev Anton , Knyazev Alexander , Ivanov Vladimir , Smirnov Anton , Strelkov Sergey , Pronin Igor , Pavlova Galina , Pithelauri David , Eliava Shalva
Published: December 2024

This study explores the use of augmented reality (AR) for intraoperative guidance during the microsurgical resection of diffuse gliomas, especially those located near the critical corticospinal tract. AR provides surgeons with a three-dimensional view of essential brain structures in real time, overcoming the limitations of traditional navigation systems and potentially improving surgical precision. In our case series involving five patients, we combined AR-based visualization with neurophysiological monitoring, allowing precise mapping of the corticospinal tract relative to the tumor. This approach contributed to complete tumor removal in most cases, while also preserving motor function in all patients. Our findings suggest that AR technology can enhance spatial understanding during complex surgeries, minimizing the risk to critical neural pathways. While our initial results are promising, demonstrating reliable alignment accuracy and improved outcomes, further studies on larger patient groups are necessary to fully understand and validate AR’s role in neurosurgery. This research underscores AR’s potential to improve both safety and outcomes, adding valuable tools for intraoperative navigation.
NGD-associated Ptolemeba bulliensis Watson et al., 2014 (Amoebozoa, Tubulinea) from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) gills tolerates brackish water conditions up to 18 ppt
Authors: Kudryavtsev Alexander , Volkova Ekaterina , Parshukov Aleksey
Published: December 2024

We isolated a new strain of an amoebozoan, Ptolemeba bulliensis Watson et al., 2014 (Tubulinea) from the gills of farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) showing signs of nodular gill disease. The studied strain can be identified using morphological and molecular (small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence data) characters. We obtained for the first time actin and cytochrome c oxidase (Cox1) gene sequences for this morphospecies. An interesting feature of the Cox1 gene is the presence of group I intron that contains a 177 amino acids long open reading frame encoding a homing endonuclease. This is the first case of a group I intron in the Cox1 gene in Amoebozoa apart from Dictyostelium. In experimental study, these amoebae demonstrate a broad range of salinity tolerance. They are capable of survival and reproduction in a range of salinities between freshwater Prescott and James medium and 18‰, but could not survive or reproduce in 25‰ and above. This indicates a possibility of this species’ distribution through brackish water biotopes, and shows that in case of pathogenicity for the farmed fish, the methods of treatment based on increasing salinity may be inefficient.
Tackling within-country spatial inequalities in household energy use towards sustainable development: The case of Ghana.
Authors: Nsenkyire Elizabeth , Nunoo Jacob , Sebu Joshua
Published: December 2024

Within-country spatial inequalities in accessibility and usage of modern energy and its services have been recognized by several studies globally. Despite this, studies that commit to analyzing and identifying ways to bridge these spatial disparities are scanty. Being a sub-Saharan African country with hyped improvement in energy access, other dimensions of household energy use deteriorate in Ghana, coupled with spatial inequalities within the country. This study, therefore, examined the socioeconomic drivers of the spatial disparities in household energy accessibility, utilization, and affordability between the three ecological zones of Ghana, as well as the rural and urban divide. Cross-sectional data from the latest Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS 7) was analyzed using the multidimensional energy poverty measure, the logit regression model, and the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition for binary dependent models. The study found spatial differences in multidimensional energy poverty between the two geographical divides to be driven by socioeconomic characteristics such as education, location of residence, and income poverty. The study recommends that the socioeconomic characteristics of households be improved through programs and policies to alleviate the spatial inequalities in modern energy use within countries.
Explainable AI in brain tumor diagnosis: A critical review of ML and DL techniques
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Jyoti Kiran , Kumar Krishan
Published: December 2024

Brain tumors, caused by abnormal tissue growth within the brain, can severely disrupt brain functions and pose significant health risks. As the tumor progresses to higher stages, the patient's prognosis and survival decrease, resulting in a high mortality rate. With the advancements in medical imaging, especially the use of MRI, AI approaches have emerged as strong tools for detecting, segmenting, and classifying brain cancers. CNN and hybrid models, such as Vision Transformers (ViTs), have produced promising findings in this area. Although AI models exhibit high accuracy, they suffer from a lack of transparency and interpretability, paving the way for the development of eXplainable AI (XAI) methods in brain disease diagnosis. This paper investigates the utilization of machine learning, deep learning, and explainable AI (XAI) in brain tumor detection, segmentation, and classification. In this study, we have utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and diagram. Peer-reviewed articles from PubMed, IEEE Explore, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and Wilay online libraries were searched, and only those papers were selected that were published in Scopus, SCIE, and ESCI-indexed journals. We have identified the 20 research papers published between 2020 and 2024 that used machine learning, deep learning and explainable AI to detect, segment, and classify the brain tumor. This review provides a comprehensive survey the of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in biomedical imaging, focusing on its role in the detection, segmentation and classification of brain tumors. It examines various machine learning, deep learning and XAI techniques, addresses current challenges, and suggests future directions. The objective is to provide clinicians, regulators and AI developers with valuable insights to improve the transparency and reliability of these methods in medical diagnostics.
Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index Mapping of Pune District using Google Earth Engine
Authors: paul nobin chandra , Navyasree Ponnaganti
Published: December 2024

This article explores the application of the Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index in mapping the vegetation cover of Pune District using Google Earth Engine. The map has been generated using Google Earth Engine from MODIS products (MOD13Q1) over a 23-year period (2000-2022) at spatial and temporal resolutions of 250 meters and 16 days, respectively. By incorporating the soil-brightness correction factor, this index enhances the accuracy of vegetation assessments, particularly in regions with low vegetative cover or mixed land use. In the OSAVI map of Pune district, the values range from -0.048 to 0.455, where negative values indicate non-vegetated surfaces and higher values, observed in tehsils like Mulshi, Velhe, Maval, and Bhor, suggest dense and healthy vegetation. Validation of the generated map was carried out by using high-resolution Google Earth images. This validation process showcased the effectiveness of the generated map in accurately identifying vegetation patterns within the Pune district. The alignment of the map’s results with the patterns observed in the Google Earth images solidifies its accuracy and reliability. The generated map can be a valuable tool for monitoring land degradation, assessing crop health, detecting abiotic stress indicators, monitoring agricultural drought and studying vegetation dynamics in arid and semi-arid regions where soil brightness can significantly impact NDVI measurements. The implications of this work are significant. By enhancing vegetation assessment accuracy, it provides reliable tools for policymakers and environmental managers to monitor and manage natural resources.
A CULTURE OF HAPPINESS: EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ QUALITY OF LIFE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Kerman Merve , Özdemir Murat
Published: December 2024

Various factors contributing to students’ quality of life in higher education have been researched in existing literature. Yet, the role of university culture on students’ quality of life in higher education is an underexplored area. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between students’ quality of life and university culture in Turkish higher education. The sample involved 617 undergraduate students studying in three privately funded foundation universities in Turkey. We used WHOQOL-BREF(TR) as an assessment tool to measure the four domains of quality of life (physical health, psychological, social relationships and environment). We used the Turkish version of OCAI instrument to measure university culture types (hierarchical, market and innovative team). Ordinal regression analysis was performed to determine the significant effects of university culture types on the domains of quality of life. This current study reveals novel findings about Turkish higher education. Results demonstrate that innovative team culture affects the psychological and social relations domains of students’ quality of life positively. One interesting finding is that positive correlation was identified between market culture and the physical health domain of QoL. In addition, we found economic status and gender to be significant predictors of students’ quality of life. This current research provides university authorities and policy makers with an in-depth analysis for informed decision making and constructive strategy planning. It also presents an analysis of the quality of life of university students to inform future studies in higher education policy and management.
Median Based Unit Weibull Distribution (MBUW): Does the Higher Order Probability Weighted Moments (PWM) Add More Information over the Lower Order PWM in Parameter Estimation
Authors: Attia Iman Mohammed
Published: December 2024

In the present paper, Probability weighted moments (PWMs) method for parameter estimation of the median based unit weibull (MBUW) distribution is discussed. The most widely used first order PWMs is compared with the higher order PWMs for parameter estimation of (MBUW) distribution. Asymptotic distribution of this PWM estimator is derived. This comparison is illustrated using real data analysis.
On quantum melting of superfluid vortex crystals: from Lifshitz scalar to dual gravity
Authors: Nguyen Dung Xuan , Moroz Sergej
Published: December 2024

Despite a long history of studies of vortex crystals in rotating superfluids, their melting due to quantum fluctuations is poorly understood. Here we develop a fracton-elasticity duality to investigate a two-dimensional vortex lattice within the fast rotation regime, where the Lifshitz model of the collective Tkachenko mode serves as the leading-order low-energy effective theory. We incorporate topological defects and discuss several quantum melting scenarios triggered by their proliferation. Furthermore, we lay the groundwork for a dual non-linear emergent gravity description of the superfluid vortex crystals.
Exploring the synergies between intervention research and engaged research in South Africa
Authors: Chiba Jenita
Published: December 2024

Engaged research is a space where collaborative work takes place with groups of people within a specific geographic area and special interests in relation to their wellbeing – this being understood as a community (Balls-Berry & Acosta-Pérez, 2017). Intervention research design is a dynamic process which involves researchers (based within universities), organisations and practitioners (Fraser et al., 2009; Rothman & Thomas, 1994). Furthermore, intervention research follows distinct stages, with collaboration at the core of each of these stages. Given that collaboration is a core theme for engaged research as well as the intervention research design process, the question arises if the intervention research design process could be considered a tool to promote engaged research. The aim of the following paper is to provide insight into how the intervention research design was used for the design and development of the Sihleng’imizi family intervention. The paper will look at how collaboration was a feature in each of the phases. A reflective discussion on the successes of collaborative work and how this may contribute to engaged research, as part of community engagement will be discussed.
Not that Innocent: Chemical and Toxicological Evaluation of Glycerin and Propylene Glycol Used in Vape Liquid Production
Authors: L. R. Fragoso Carlos , De Falco Anna , Santa-Helena Eduarda , V. Espinosa Guilherme , R. Gioda Carolina , Gioda Adriana
Published: December 2024

This work evaluated the elemental content and toxicology of the primary materials of the
e-liquids without adding nicotine and other additives. Elemental content was determined through
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses, and biological effects were
evaluated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and H9c2 cells. Elemental analysis did not detect toxic
elements above the limit of quantification (LOQ). Toxic concentration with significant difference
(p < 0.05) between the samples and the non-exposed cells for glycerin (7.5% m/v) and propylene
glycol (12.5% m/v) and at 70/30 proportions (12.5% m/v), 50/50 (12.5% m/v), and 30/70 (6.25%
m/v) were encountered. Yeast toxicity presented a concentration-dependent relation with growth
inhibition and lethality. Cytotoxicity tests in mammalian cells presented significant differences
(p < 0.05) at low concentrations of glycerin and propylene glycol exposition (1.25 and 0.25% m/v,
respectively). High concentrations of glycerin and propylene glycol induced increased reactive oxygen
species/lactate dehydrogenase, decreased catalase activity, and interference in cell viability. On
acute exposure, pure glycerin and propylene glycol are toxic for yeast and H9c2 cells, increasing
with proportions of glycerin/propylene glycol and the increased amount of propylene glycol in
the solution. No correlation between elemental content and toxicity was observed.
Curcumin Nanoparticles: Exploring Types and their Impact on Biopharmaceutical Performance
Authors: Gauniya Priyanka , Radheshyam . , Semalty Ajay , Semalty Mona
Published: December 2024

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) contains a polyphenol called curcumin, which has a variety of
medicinal uses, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. However, due to its
rapid disintegration, low solubility, and poor absorption, its clinical application is restricted. To
overcome these challenges, researchers are exploring the use of various kind of curcumin nanoparticles,
which enhance its solubility, stability, and bioavailability to deliver its benefits more efficiently.
Integrating curcumin into composite nanoparticles has emerged as a prominent strategy to overcome
the limitations of curcumin’s bioavailability. This review aims to overview various curcumin
nanoparticle forms that have been synthesized to enhance curcumin's permeability, solubility, and
oral bioavailability. Specifically, we explored polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, nonpolymeric
nanoparticles, and nanocrystals as carriers to enhance the biopharmaceutical properties of
curcumin. The collected data from the literature indicated significant improvements in solubility and
permeability, with lipid-based and polymeric nanoparticles showing the most promising results in
enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin. It can be suggested that nano encapsulation not only
protects curcumin from rapid degradation but also facilitates its efficient transport and absorption at
target sites.