bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of additional oxytetracycline on some Chinese ducks' productive qualities
Authors: Hammadi Mousa Mohammed , Salim Al Machi Abbas , Attallah Abdalsada Saad , Kassim Al-Gharawi Jassim
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted in a private field for duck breeding in Al-Muthanna
Governorate from 12/14/2021 to 02/14/2022. The study included oxytetracycline's
effect on some Chinese ducks' productive traits. 60 unsexed, one-day Chinese duck
chicks were used, prepared from one of the hatcheries in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate. They were randomly distributed to 4 treatments, including 3 replicates for
each (5 chicks for each replicate). The treatments were as follows: T1: control
treatment. T2, T3 and T4 were added to 0.125, 0.250 and 0.375 mg oxytetracycline/ kg diet. The results indicated that using oxytetracycline significantly improved some productive traits of Chinese ducks, body weight, weight gain, feed
intake and feed conversion factor. Added the antibiotic to feed at a concentration of
0.375 mg per kg of feed gave the best results significantly compared to the rest of
the treatments.
Keywords: Oxytetracycline, productive traits, Chinese ducks.
Serratia marcescens isolated from newborn meningitis in the Iraqi
city of Diwaniyah: Molecular characterization
Authors: Mayar Hezam Abbas , Majeed Abd Zaid Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Our study was conducted to detect virulence genes in Serratia marcescens. It has
many virulence genes that cause nosocomal infections in immunocompromised
persons and neonates. A total of 24/100 (24%) S. marcescens were obtained from
neonates suffering from meningitis, and they were identified using culture characteristics biochemical- tests and confirmed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
technique, using the 16S rRNA gene. All virulence factors, including the fimA
gene that encodes type-1 fimbria, the bsmB gene that encodes exo polysaccharide
production, and ampC that encodes ß-lactamase enzymes, were done using the
PCR technique. The results revealed that S. marcescens isolates have 16S rRNA
gene at the percentage (100%), fimA gene at the percentage (54%), bsmB gene at
the percentage (71%) and ampC gene at the percentage (100%). Finally, the DNA
sequencing of (fimA, bsmB, and ampC genes) was done using a DNA sequencer
technique to determine the sequence of nucleotides. The results revealed the similarities of the genes in local isolates of S. marcescens (98%) with S. marcescens
isolates globally registered on the NCBI-Genbank website.
Keywords: fimA gene, bsmB gene, ampC gene, Serratia marcescens, DNA sequences.
The ameliorating effect of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic disturbances in polycystic ovary women
Authors: Ali Salih Alhan , A. Zbaar Sami , Khuder Rajab Hassan
Published: October 2023

Our study aims to investigate the impact of Vitamin D supplementation on plasma glucose, lipids and other metabolic and endocrine parameters and evaluate the therapeutic effect of Vitamin D and how to improve insulin levels in patients with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A follow-up research was conducted in Kirkuk from January 5th through June 10th, 2022. There were 80 PCOS women in the research, both married and unmarried, ranging in age from 15 to 45 years old. These patients were hospitalized at Azadi Teaching Hospital's obstetrics and gynecology section. In the present study, 80 PCOS was diagnosed based on the presence of two of the Rotterdam criteria: oligo and anovulation, clinical and biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries in ultrasound, which were defined as the presence of 12 or more follicles measuring 2-9 mm in diameter in each ovary and ovarian volume more significant than 10 cm3. All 80 PCOS patients were given a comprehensive medical examination, anthropometric measurements, such as weight and height, and a generic questionnaire to fill out. The formula for calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI) was weight (kg)/height2 (m2 ). The mean BMI for PCOS patients was 28.2 (Kg /m²), and the mean for age 30. In our study, insulin level decreased significantly at P value (0.0045 ) with statically no correlation between vitamin D and insulin after three months of vitamin D administration, while insulin resistance level was reduced significantly at P value (< 0.0001) with a negative correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance, while serum FSB level was raised significantly at P value < (0.0001).ConclusionThe majority of women with PCOS who enrolled in this study were within the childbearing age, and the majority of PCOS women were overweight. Vitamin D was most deficient in PCOS women. In PCOS women, hirsutism, acne, and irregular menstrual cycle were more frequent. Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome; vitamin D; insulin Body Mass Index
Predictive value of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, Hemoglobin and
Lactate dehydrogenase levels in diagnosing COVID-19 patients
Authors: Abd Al-Rhman Rand Manaf , Al-sahlanee Rasha , Jawad Al-SAffar Jinan Mohammed , Hussain Ibrahim Aida
Published: October 2023

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused
enormous issues worldwide and is the most infectious pandemic. This study included 50 subjects (evenly distributed between sexes) and their range of ages
starting from 2 to 67 years. According to the study's result, the ages and genders of
subjects include susceptibility to COVID-19. Males were found to be more infected than females, and the ages of 36 to 67 were more common than other age
ranges. Also, BMI calculations revealed that male patients with COVID-19 have
the highest percentage of obesity. The clinical parameter results have been found
serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) as an essential indicator that changes significantly
in infection with COVID‐19 and inflammation. The concentration of CRP is
higher for positive COVID‐19 patients (male and female) with mild symptoms of
COVID-19 than for harmful COVID‐19 infection, and CRP levels were higher in
male than female patients. The results of D-dimer levels determined a
non-significant difference in D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients and
non-COVID-19 patients than the average concentration (N: Less than 500mg/dl.).
The results of hemoglobin blood levels demonstrated significant variations between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients and a decreased Hb concentration
compared to average concentration (N: 11-16 g/dl.); thus a link between anemia
and inflammation. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels increased in positive
COVID-19 patients male were (178.79 ± 56.08) mg/dl, and positive COVID-19
patients female were (141.57 ± 46.90) mg/dl than average (N: Less
than100mg/dl.), and significant variation was observed between positive and
negative COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: COVID-19; C‐reactive protein; hemoglobin; lactate dehydrogenase.
Development of a Preventive Health Screening Procedure Enabling Supportive Service Planning for Home-Dwelling Older Adults (PORI75): Protocol for an Action Research Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kanninen Jonna Carita , Holm Anu , Koivisto Anna-Liisa , Hietasalo Pauliina , Heikkilä Anna-Maija , Kunvik Susanna , Bergman Jussi , Airaksinen Marja , Puustinen Juha
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

In Finland, at least 1 in 4 residents will be >75 years of age in 2030. The national aging policy has emphasized the need to improve supportive services to enable older people to live in their own homes for as long as possible.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a preventive health screening procedure for home-dwelling older adults aged 75 years to enable the use of clinical patient data for purposes of strategic planning of supportive services in primary care.

METHODS

The action research method was applied to develop the health screening procedure with selected validated health measures in cooperation with the local practicing interprofessional health care teams from 10 primary care centers in the Social Security Center of Pori, Western Finland (99,485 residents, n=11,938, 12% of them >75 years). The selection of evidence-based validated health measures was based on the national guide to screen factors increasing fall risk and the national functioning measures database. The cut-off points of the selected health measures and laboratory tests were determined in consecutive consensus meetings with the local primary care physicians, with decisions based on internationally validated measures, national current care guidelines, and local policies in clinical practice.

RESULTS

The health screening procedure for 75-year-old residents comprised 30 measures divided into three categories: (1) validated self-assessments (9 measures), (2) nurse-conducted screenings (14 measures), and (3) laboratory tests (7 measures). The procedure development process comprised the following steps: (1) inventory and selection of the validated health measures and laboratory tests, (2) training of practical nurses to perform screenings for the segment of 75-year-old residents and to guide them to possible further medical actions, (3) creation of research data from clinical patient data for secondary use purposes, (4) secondary data analysis, and (5) consensus meeting after the pilot test of the health screening procedure for 75-year-old residents procedure in 2019 based on the experiences of health care professionals and collected research data.

CONCLUSIONS

The developed preventive health screening procedure for 75-year-old residents enables the use of clinical patient data for purposes of strategic planning of supportive services in primary care if the potential bias by a low participation rate is controlled.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/48753
Women’s Cognition Towards Sustainable Menstrual Products (SMPs) - Is AI the way to more SMPs? (Preprint)
Authors: Singh Niharika , Mishra Aditi , Gupta Deepa
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This paper explores the awareness and usage of sustainable menstrual products (SMPs) in Pune's urban, non-slum areas. The various menstrual products have evolved over the years. Apart from being environmentally detrimental, disposable products have equally risky health hazards. The study uses snowball sampling to collect online responses through a structured questionnaire for the survey. By using a Tobit regression model with the help of cluster variables, the study establishes that stigma, level of awareness, availability, doubtfulness about the efficacy and lack of visibility of SMPs in the market are significant the main deterrents in the usage of the SMPs in the market. Data indicates that the level of income and infrastructure do not determine the usage of SMPs for women. The study suggests target marketing through the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for more advertisement and visibility of the SMPs in the market, which would create a nudge to enhanced usage of the SMPs. This robust use of AI will ensure maximised visibility and generate more awareness, leading to better usage of SMPs.
Non-compliance with the use of SmartMats for remote foot temperature monitoring among Veterans in the Veterans Health Affairs: findings from an observational study (Preprint)
Authors: Littman Alyson J , Timmons Andrew K , Korpak Anna , Chan Kwun CG , Jones Kenneth T , Shirley Suzanne , Nordrum Kyle , Robbins Jeffrey , Masadeh Suhail , Moy Ernest
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

In home remote foot temperature (RTM) monitoring holds promise as a method to reduce foot ulceration in high-risk patients with diabetes. Few studies have evaluated adherence to this method, or evaluated factors associated with non-compliance.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to estimate non-compliance in patients who were enrolled in RTM nationally across Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and to evaluate characteristics associated with non-compliance.

METHODS

We conducted an observational study including 1137 patients in the VA who were enrolled in RTM between January 2019 and June 2021, with follow-up through October 2021. Patient information was obtained from the VA’s electronic health record and RTM use was obtained from the company. Non-compliance was defined as using the mat < 2 days per week for more than 25% (e.g., 3 of 12 months) of follow-up months. Using a multivariable model, we calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between various factors and non-compliance.

RESULTS

The sample was predominantly male (99%) and white (76%); 20% were Black/African American. Overall, 38% of patients were classified as non-compliant. In the multivariable model, only higher area deprivation index (ADI) was statistically significantly and inversely associated with non-compliance (ADI 50-74 vs. 1-24: OR=0.56 ); factors significantly and positively associated with non-compliance included recent history of osteomyelitis (OR=1.44), Gagne comorbidity index score >4 (vs.<0: OR=1.81), telehealth encounters (28+ vs. <6: OR=1.70), hemoglobin A1c >10 (vs. <5.7: OR=2.67), and current smoking (OR=2.06).

CONCLUSIONS

To reduce the risk of ulcer recurrence and amputation, proactively providing additional support for self-monitoring to patients with characteristics identified in this study (poor glucose control, current smoking, high comorbidity burden) may be helpful. Furthermore, research is needed to better understand barriers to use, and whether the addition of design features may increase facilitators to use.
Dissecting Cultural Transition: A Deep Dive into Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart
Authors: M G Sangeetha
Published: September 2023

This study explores the profound narrative layers within Chinua Achebe's seminal work, Things Fall Apart, shedding light on the intricate dynamics of pre- and post-colonial Igbo society. Through a meticulous examination of the vibrant setting of Umuofia, the analysis uncovers the rich cultural tapestry depicted in the novel and its subsequent transformation under colonial influence. The paper seeks to foster a nuanced understanding of African history, urging readers to acknowledge the complex interplay of traditions and values that define the African heritage, thus challenging single narratives and reshaping public perception of a historically vibrant and multifaceted continent.
Detection of Cyber Attacks using Machine Learning
Authors: Saini Simran , Kalia Dr. Arvind
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In today's world, every aspect of daily life is now dependent on cyberspace. As a result, cybercrimes and threats are becoming more likely. Numerous machine learning methods have been developed to combat cyber threats and prevent them. Machine learning played an important role to detect the cyber-attacks as machine learning algorithms were used for the detection of cyber-attacks. The study aims to compare different machine learning algorithms used for detecting cyber-attacks and provide a comparative analysis based on different metrics. The paper presents a literature review of various detection techniques used for cyber-attacks detection. The comparison table in the paper compares different machine learning algorithms used for detecting cyber-attacks. The algorithms are compared on different metrics such as accuracy, methods used, datasets, and performance. The paper highlights the importance of detection of cyber-attacks and the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in detecting such attacks.
Development of a hybrid artificial neural network method for evaluation of the sustainable construction projects
Authors: Albasri Halah , Naimi Sepanta
Published: September 2023

Planned methods may be developed to improve the efficiency of building construction. The construction business is profoundly impacted by the prevalence of inaccurate cost and schedule prediction. The main strategy to improve the project performance is to evaluate the hybrid sustainable materials using the artificial neural network (ANN) method based on the effective factors in construction projects in Iraq. This strategy needs an effective method to classify the project input representation and specify the accurate activity of each factor. This paper uses a hybrid artificial neural network to correlate and classify the sustainable hybrid of construction projects to evaluate their performance. The contribution of this method is the selection of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Maker method (MCDM) based on time and cost-effective factors correlated with the artificial neural network method. A dynamic selection procedure for project materials may be created using the existing technique as an evolutionary model for successful project completion. The MCDM observed that the appropriate sustainable material was considered as the main factor with a rank of 0.823 for cost effect and 0.735 for time effect and the main influence factor in Iraqi projects was the building height. The results present superior functional cost evaluation results correlated with the selection of hybrid sustainable materials.
On the relationship between cash flow bullwhip and the company performance: study of the Moroccan detergent products branch
Authors: Lamzaouek Hicham , Drissi Hicham , Mialed Karima
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant bullwhip effect, which resulted in a cash flow bullwhip (CFB) in the Moroccan FMCG industry. As illustrated by a previous study, some companies were more affected by CFB than others. This indicates that CFB could be correlated to some specific aspects or characteristics of these companies. The objective of this article is to thoroughly examine the connections between CFB control and the company's internal control performance, financial performance, and supply chain performance. Therefore, a field study is conducted on the producers of detergent products. The results confirm that some performance criteria are directly correlated to the degree of exposure to CFB. In fact, a firm is able to regulate CFB when it has an effective internal control system, a reliable supply chain, and strong financial efficiency. However, the relative importance of these performance criteria is not evident. This opens the opportunity to develop a multi-criteria model that could hierarchize the different performance criteria.
Predicting crash injury severity in road freight flows with association rules algorithms
Authors: Berrones-Sanz Luis , Perez-Diaz Estefania , Becerril Dulce , Diaz Esteban
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of the Apriori association rule mining algorithm to classify and predict the severity of the 718,565 accidents involving freight transport vehicles in Mexico, which occurred between 2009 and 2018. The accidents were classified into those in which there was only material damage or injured people {Severity=0} and in those in which people died {Severity=1}. 115 association rules were obtained, 79 corresponding to non-fatal accidents, and 36 to fatal ones. The main factors associated with the severity of the accident belong to male subjects, involved in accidents that occur on weekends and in suburban areas, and where the probability of the accident being fatal is 1.69 times greater. Thus, the results of using the association rules to relate demographic and circumstantial characteristics of the accident with the severity of the injuries show an accuracy of just over 65%. Therefore, despite the limitations that may occur due to the omission of relevant variables, and the fact that the results show little precision, the feasibility of using machine learning techniques and, specifically, the association rules as promising tools to help analyze accidents and help launch road safety interventions more effectively is manifested.
Combination of FTA and FMEA methods to improve efficiency in the manufacturing company
Authors: Renosori Puti , Oemar Hirawati , Fauziah Siti
Published: September 2023

Toroidal is an inductor with an O-ring core. In 2021 there was an increase in the percentage of toroidal disability, namely the highest percentage of disability at 2.78%, while in 2020 the highest percentage of disability was only 1.33%. Therefore, companies need to make improvements to the quality of their products to prevent a continuous rise in the percentage of defects over time. This study aims to propose an enhancement to reduce/prevent defects in toroidal inductor products. The method used is the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The FMEA method is utilized to reduce flaws that occur by considering the value of the risk priority number (RPN). The FTA method is used to identify possible defects by applying analysis of the fault tree description. The results of this study are that improvements should be focused on the failure mode of the wound wire because it gets the highest RPN value of 216 with the cause being less focused workers, while the lowest RPN value is on the red pin failure mode of 56 with the cause of no sandpaper changing schedule. From the results of the study, several suggestions for improvements were made in the form of increasing supervision for workers, increasing rest periods, conducting training, installing display limits for stripping, repairing stripping machines, replacing vise, repairing worktables, and making a schedule for sandpaper replacement prevents the defect. Companies must make improvements to human flows and ensure tools and materials are in optimal condition.
Participation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in Enhancing African Police Personnel Peacekeeping Capacity
Authors: Tishkov Sergey A. , Tishkova Daria S.
Published: September 2023

The peacekeeping became actual agenda of international relations due to increased number of internal conflicts with mass human rights violations in different regions of the world including Africa. The problems of ensuring peace and security have become priority for United Nations (UN) and regional organizations involved in constant search of conflict resolution best practices. Peacekeeping actors admitted the key role of law-enforcement agencies, and first of all the police, in ensuring security in conflict or post-conflict reconstruction. Therefore, the UN actively developing the strategy of police methods usage in peacekeeping operations. Because of this process, the number of member states contributing police contingents to the UN including formed police units increased. Joint activity of police officers from different countries with different education, professional experience and specialization requires high-quality training of candidates for peacekeeping operations. The purpose of this article is to analyze the needs of African police officers in professional development and the capabilities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in training of African police officers for the UN peacekeeping operations. The study is based on insights from non-participant observation, interviews and analyses of the UN official documents, policies and training materials. Actual Russian and foreign scientific publications were used. Results confirmed that Russian Federation has many years of experience in African policemen training for the UN peacekeeping operations. The promising areas of Russian Federation participation in the development of the peacekeeping potential of African police, along with the provision of standardized pre-deployment training based on the UN certified programs, can be training in the crime investigation methodology and the training of special police units of the UN member states.
Statebuilding and the Origins of the “American Empire”: Towards the Problem of Legitimizing Sovereign Inequality in the 21st Century
Authors: Bogdanov Alexey N.
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, “statebuilding” policies in the Greater Middle East have been used by Washington as a tool for forging an “American empire” based on unequal relations between the U.S. and its dependent regimes in Afghanistan and Iraq. At the same time, current research focuses mainly on the instruments for implementing these policies and ensuring the acceptance of new political and economic institutions by the local population. Unlike the established approaches, the author examines Washington’s statebuilding efforts as a specific practice of legitimacy aimed at entrenching sovereign inequality and institutionalizing the US political control over “client-regimes.” The study draws on the theoretical legacy of the English school, which views “legitimacy” as a phenomenon inextricably linked with “international society,” comprising a group of states bound by common goals, institutions, and values. The legitimation strategies adopted by members of this society involve the performance of various international roles through which states acquire recognized statuses, rights and obligations. Focusing on the US roles such as “imperial power” and “patron,” the author concludes that Washington’s statebuilding efforts were aimed at linking the US interventionism in Afghanistan and Iraq with the collective goals of international society, and thus served to legitimize inequitable relations with “client-states” under the formal legal equality of members of international society. Therefore, the application of the proposed approach helps to shed light on the underexplored aspects of the legitimizing instruments of the US dominance and the means of institutionalizing sovereign inequality inherent in the “American empire” in the 21st century.
The Strategic Role of Iran for the SCO: Strengthening Eurasian Integration
Authors: Karami Jahangir
Published: September 2023

The process of integration in the Eurasian region is important for all states and after the 2014 Ukraine crisis, Russia’s greater Eurasian policy and the expansion of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the conditions for integration have become more suitable than before. After a decade and a half of observer membership, Iran has finally become an official member of SCO in 2022, and it seems that due to the wide territorial contiguity from the borders of Türkiye to Afghanistan, new possibilities for regional integration have been created. This article is written with the aim of discussing Iran’s role in Eurasian integration after the membership in the SCO. The main question in this article is that how Iran can contribute to Eurasian regional integration within the framework of this organization? The author’s idea is that Iran’s membership in the SCO, through the increasing expansion of the connections of the Eurasian region to South Asia and the Middle East, provides more opportunities for cooperation in confronting the sources of regional insecurity, cooperation in the field of trade and the expansion of regional transport and communications and this issue can contribute to economic development, security and broader regional integration in the region. The author has tried to use the theory of regional integration and the method of qualitative content analysis of documents, texts, reports and news related to the Eurasian integration to verify the hypothesis. The findings of this research show that the greater Eurasian region needs a wider integration in the fields of economy, trade, communication and transportation, and the solution to reduce its problems is possible through the cooperation of all effective regional actors, and Iran is also one of the effective countries that has been a missing linkage in Eurasian integration and any comprehensive security and economic integration in Eurasia requires its active participation, which an official member of the SCO has created this opportunity.
“The Right to the City” and Politicization of Urban Space: A Brief Literature Review
Authors: Podobueva Veronika A.
Published: October 2023

The politicization of urban space is rapidly becoming the subject of special attention for political science. Urban political studies provide extensive literature on the topic. Although there is no single definition of a city’s public space in academia, we can trace some common characteristics in the existing definitions: a city’s public space is mainly defined through spatial categories, linking them with the socio-political and cultural-value context. The article also provides basic approaches and conceptual schemes that justify the process of politicization of the urban space. It is also worth noting that the authors of the works under consideration use the casestudy method to identify the general patterns of this process.
Twin Cities Movement in the Development of Regional Policy: The Experience of the New Territories
Authors: Volkova Anna V. , Kulakova Tatyana A.
Published: October 2023

The institute of twin cities faces serious challenges due to the developing international crisis, when urban diplomacy, and successful practices of interstate civil cooperation, perceived for decades as unshakable and value-oriented, have been subjected to “suspension” or “cancellation”. On the other hand, the territorial changes of 2022, the entry of new territories into Russia, and the establishment of twinning relations between Russian cities and the cities of the Donbass region give the twin cities institute a new meaning and important political and cultural value. The formation and development of the twin cities’ axiosphere is an important factor in the development of interregional cooperation and the “linking” of Russian territories. The research is interdisciplinary. It deals with various issues of public policy, social philosophy, cultural studies, ethics, and economics. We discuss the specifics of a developing digital society and consider issues of regional governance from the standpoint of the axiological approach. The authors note the importance of civic initiatives and movements, social media, whose activities are aimed at maintaining the social sphere and forming a digital environment of trust, at intensifying urban, civic network cooperation as a counterbalance to the aggressive network practices of modern anti-Russian narratives.
The Institutionalization of Urban Communities of Major Regional Centers of the Russian Federation in the System of Political Conflict Management: Limits of Possibilities
Authors: Kolba Alexey I. , Orfanidi Elvira V.
Published: October 2023

In modern Russia, the problems of institutionalized participation of the communities of major regional centers in political conflict management and decision-making on the urban development agenda are becoming more relevant. Political institutionalization is considered by the authors in the context of the liberal theory of conflict, the neo-institutional approach, and illiberal peacebuilding. The authors draw conclusions on the growth of the subjectivity of urban communities with their lack of involvement in the system of political governance at the city level, based on the data of an empirical study conducted through semi-structured interviews with leaders and activists of urban communities in three major regional centers of Russia - Voronezh, Krasnodar, Yaroslavl, as well as an expert survey in these cities. The analysis of the “Krasnodar Tram” case reveals such problems as the low level of institutional trust in the system of interactions between urban communities and local authorities, as well as the lack of effective mechanisms for coordinating decisions in a conflict. Thus, the political institutionalization of communities is limited in scale, which is due to the state of the public policy space at the municipal level, the hybrid nature of institutional regulation, as well as the structure and characteristics of the activities of the communities themselves.
Civic Participation of Young People in Small Territories of a Russian Large Industrial Region
Authors: Pevnaya Maria V. , Tarasova Anna N. , Yakubova Elvina R.
Published: October 2023

Recently, the public discourse on the search for opportunities and sources of development of small territories has been updated. A significant role is assigned to young people involved in various practices of socio-political participation and solving urgent social problems. The aim of the work was to highlight the features of civic participation of young people in small territories, which can and should be considered for effective interaction between authorities and civil society institutions. Empirical data were collected through a questionnaire survey of the youth of the Sverdlovsk region aged 14-35 years, conducted in October 2022 (n = 2500 people). In the study, a subset of young people from small territories (1,091 people) was compared with the youth of a large city (784 people). Descriptive analysis methods and nonparametric tests were used for the analysis. The results showed that young people from small towns and rural settlements show less interest in politics, but at the same time, they are more involved in the problems of local communities, feel more responsible for what is happening in their hometown, compared to the young residents of a large city, and are also more optimistic in assessing their capabilities. Considering similar forms of civic participation, young people from small territories demonstrate greater activity and willingness to do something for their hometown, and its residents; they also have a higher involvement in patriotic actions. The youth of large cities and small territories differ in the ways they participate in voluntary activities, as the latter prefers collective rather than individual forms of participation. The problem of distrust of young people of small towns and rural settlements towards non-profit organizations with a higher level of interpersonal and institutional trust is outlined. The obtained results contribute to the understanding of the problems and possibilities of using the youth resource for the development of small territories.
Telemedicine and experimental legal regimes in the field of healthcare: problems and prospects for implementation
Authors: Davydova Marina L.
Published: September 2023

In connection with the adoption of Federal Law No. 258-FZ of July 31, 2020 “On experimental legal regimes in the field of digital innovation in the Russian Federation,” a number of initiatives have been developed to establish experimental legal regimes in the field of telemedicine. The idea of using digital technologies in medicine is certainly relevant. On the one hand, the prospect of remotely receiving medical services is practically in demand; on the other, the level of technology development currently allows for a significant expansion of their implementation. The need to turn to the institution of an experimental legal regime is due to the fact that the current legislation contains norms that seriously complicate the process of widespread dissemination of telemedicine services.The purpose of the study is to reveal the theoretical characteristics of the concept of telemedicine and its current state, to identify legal obstacles to its development, to conduct a comparative analysis of existing draft programs of experimental regimes, to assess the problems and prospects for the development of telemedicine technologies in modern Russian practice. The study is based on domestic and foreign scientific sources of both legal and medical nature, as well as current and projected legal acts in the field of medical services, digital technologies, and personal data protection. Formal-legal, comparative-legal, statistical, and prognostic methods are used. Several problems that require a conceptual solution, including the issue of the safety of personal data and the issue of responsibility for a medical error resulting from the use of artificial intelligence technology or a technical device have been identified. Both are unlikely to be completely resolved at the current level of legal regulation and technological development. This, however, only confirms the need to introduce appropriate experimental regimes in order to use the accumulated empirical material to find solutions to existing and abstractly predictable problems.
Impact of the state tax and legal policy on the development of the institution of tax liability in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Lyutova Olga I.
Published: September 2023

The study examines the development of the content of the institution of tax liability in the economy digitalization context as a result of implementation of relevant measures of state tax policy. The purpose of the study is to analyze the totality of program documents, as well as regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation focused on those areas of tax policy that are related to tax liability as a backbone institution of tax law, studied in the context of its digital transformation. Such study is valuable in terms of identifying the main directions (trends) of tax and legal policy as fundamental principles of tax liability institution in the context of introduction and use of digital technologies. This naturally updates the discussion on the issue of defining the concept and establishing the content of the category tax policy, including from the point of view of classifying a wide range of tax policy sources. At present, the main goal of implementing tax policy is to provide tax preferences to businesses, including through the abolition of certain tax obligations or simplification of the procedure for their implementation. Further measures of tax policy in relation to the tax liability institution may be formulated as follows: transferring the tax burden from taxpaying organizations to individuals and increasing the number of tax benefits whose implementation becomes possible with the use of digital technologies.
The implementation and effectiveness of Indonesian Supreme Court Rule No. 3 of 2017 on women victims of the sexual violence in Yogyakarta
Authors: Anggraeny Kurnia Dewi , Kamaludin Aang , Khakim Mufti , Sugiharto Gatot
Published: September 2023

PERMA (Supreme Court Rule) No. 3 of 2017 issued by the Supreme Court regulates the attitude guidelines for judges in adjudicating women's cases in conflict with the law, both criminal and civil cases involving women as victims, witnesses, or parties. These regulations can be used as a legal basis by judges in adjudicating cases of women in conflict with the law due to criminal acts of sexual violence. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing PERMA No. 3 of 2017 concerning guidelines for adjudicating cases of women in conflict with the law as a result of victims of sexual violence at the Yogyakarta District Court. The method used in this research is empirical normative, which focuses on collecting information obtained from judges at the Yogyakarta District Court regarding the effectiveness of PERMA No. 3 of 2017 against women as a result of victims of sexual violence. The approach methods that the author uses in this research include the conceptual approach, the statutory approach, and the case approach. The data collection method is through interviews and documentation of judges, and the data analysis used is descriptive-qualitative. This research concludes that PERMA No. 3 of 2017 has been quite effective in accordance with the theory of legal effectiveness, which uses several a quo decisions as samples to determine whether PERMA No. 3 of 2017 has been applied and implemented in the Yogyakarta District Court for women victims of sexual violence.
The Main Approaches to the Concept and Types of Charges in the Russian Criminal Process
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Bogdanova Alexandra V.
Published: October 2023

The subject of this study is the institute of prosecution in domestic criminal proceedings. In the fi rst part of the article, the author explores the concept of accusation. Approaches are considered in which the accusation was identifi ed both with a criminal suit and with criminal prosecution. The second part of the presented work is devoted to the types of charges and the criteria for their differentiation. A summary analysis of the positions of modern, Soviet and pre-revolutionary researchers of law on this issue is given. Various types of charges are considered depending on the subject entitled to its implementation. Particular attention is paid to the so-called public prosecution, which was supported by citizens who were not endowed with this right ex offi cio. Based on the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the adversarial model of the criminal process is characterized by the presence of various types of charges, as well as various subjects entitled to its implementation. At the moment, in the Russian criminal process there is a so-called “prosecutor’s monopoly” on the prosecution, which is somewhat limited by the presence of a private prosecution. However, a small number of offenses classifi ed as private prosecution, as well as the number of criminal cases in this category considered by the courts, does not change the existing paradigm. Thus, the existing procedure does not fully correspond to the adversarial model of the criminal process.
Improving the Conditions for the Provision of Tax Benefi ts in the Framework of Consuming Relations on State Support of Capital Investments
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Alpatov Pavel S.
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the application of newly introduced investment benefi ts to investment projects for the implementation of capital investments that began and (or) ended to the appropriate change in the legislation. As a signifi cant direction in the development of the state tax policy in the fi eld of stimulating capital investments, the need for a balanced approach is indicated in the resolution of this issue. So, the application of a less favorable previous law should not overcome subsequent norms that provide the best position for the taxpayer. At the same time, unlimited records of past investments for new benefi ts should also not be allowed.
On the Problem of Standardization of the Technique оf Normative Legal Acts
Authors:   The North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Glushakov Alexey Yu. , Sobolevskaya Alexandra I. ,   Higher School of Technology and Energy SPbSUITD
Published: October 2023

The active development of public relations, the formation of new areas requiring legislative regulation, leads to the adoption of a large number of normative legal acts. The work is carried out in a short time, the practice of “batch” acceptance of documents is widespread, which reduces the quality of regulatory legal acts. Along with this, the terminological apparatus is growing, which leads to contradictions between acts, gaps in legislation. Issues of legal technique require regulatory and methodological reinforcement. This actualizes the adoption of the Federal Law on Regulatory Acts in the Russian Federation, taking into account the study of the shortcomings that were made in previous bills.
RESÍDUOS DE SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE: UM ESTUDO DA PRÁTICA NA ÁREA DE ESTÉTICA E COSMÉTICA
Authors: Fraporti Mônica Manica , Schwantz Patricia Inês , Bohrer Robson Evaldo Gehlen , Lara Daniela Mueller de
Published: October 2023

Os setores de beleza e serviços estéticos estão entre os de maior desenvolvimento e expansão nos últimos anos e, este crescimento significativo, traz como consequência o aumento no volume dos resíduos e o descarte inadequado. Diante disso, este estudo visou analisar a percepção dos prestadores de serviços estéticos do município de Lajeado (Rio Grande do Sul) e dos acadêmicos de um curso superior de Estética e Cosmética quanto ao descarte e as formas de segregação dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde. O método abrange uma pesquisa qualitativa, com a combinação da análise documental e pesquisa exploratória descritiva. A partir dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que os resíduos são recolhidos, na maior parte dos estabelecimentos, pela prefeitura municipal e que os proprietários ou responsáveis não sabem o destino final dos mesmos. Em contrapartida, os acadêmicos recebem as informações necessárias no que compete a legislação vigente, muito embora a falta de conhecimento e informação representem os maiores dificultadores no processo de correto manejo e gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Portanto, torna-se essencial a realização de campanhas informativas e incentivar a capacitação dos profissionais da área para que agreguem valor aos serviços, tornando-os mais seguros e de maior qualidade.
A GOVERNANÇA COLABORATIVA E A E-GOVERNANCE NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO LOCAL: ESTUDO DE CASO DOS 308 MUNICÍPIOS PORTUGUESES
Authors: Mendes Ireneu De Oliveira , Correia Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro , Andrade Viviana Acúrcio , Serra Alexandre Dias Carreiro Santos
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo pretende aferir qual o impacto que a Governança Colaborativa tem na E-Governance e de que forma esta afeta a administração local. Para tal, o presente artigo inicia com uma apresentação de natureza teórica que define, enquadra e conceptualiza os principais conceitos trazidos à colação. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza quantitativa tendo sido desenvolvido um inquérito à população em geral, foi também realizada uma análise cluster, recorrendo à informação constante dos websites dos 308 municípios existentes em Portugal. Como conclusões, destaca-se a heterogeneidade nas avaliações obtidas nos sites dos municípios portugueses, no quadro das dimensões analisadas, o que permite considerar que a informação pesquisada pelos cidadãos que dela necessitam, seja conseguida de forma diferente entre municípios, tal como a tipologia de serviços disponíveis à população seja também diversa a variados níveis o que dificulta a padronização de procedimentos por parte dos interessados, representando assim uma oportunidade de melhoria no que respeita a critérios de acessibilidade e transparência da informação disponibilizada à população.
Evaluación de la cadena de valor de la innovación y prácticas colaborativas en ecosistemas digitales empresariales: estudio de caso
Authors: Muñoz Bermudez Jessica Alejandra , Urriago Fontal Juan Carlos
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de gestión de la innovación digital en empresas de la industria 4.0 en el Valle del Cauca.
Diseño/metodología: Se basó en la cadena de valor de la innovación propuesta por Hansen y Birkinshaw, y en el estudio de prácticas de innovación colaborativa. Se realizó una encuesta a ciento veinticuatro gerentes y directores de innovación y tecnología. Se desarrolló un índice compuesto para evaluar el progreso de la cadena de valor de la innovación y se complementó con análisis descriptivos y de distribución de frecuencias.
Resultados: Se reveló una notable capacidad para generar ideas digitales creativas e innovadoras, pero se identificaron deficiencias significativas en la capacidad de transformar dichas ideas en éxitos comerciales. Estas dificultades se atribuyen a la falta de competencia en aspectos técnicos y financieros requeridos durante las etapas de concreción y difusión, así como a una falta de sincronización entre las prácticas de innovación colaborativa y las instituciones de apoyo.
Conclusiones: Es necesario crear un sistema de asistencia técnica integral que abarque la formulación, evaluación, desarrollo, promoción, financiamiento y colaboración con socios estratégicos para materializar proyectos en forma de start-ups y spin-offs. También es fundamental establecer espacios de diálogo y colaboración interinstitucional que promuevan un entorno favorable para la innovación. De esta manera, se podrá brindar el apoyo técnico necesario para impulsar la innovación digital en las empresas pertenecientes a la industria 4.0 en el Valle del Cauca.
Originalidad: Este estudio se distingue por ofrecer nuevos conocimientos sobre la capacidad de las empresas para generar ideas digitales creativas e innovadoras y los desafíos para transformarlas en éxitos comerciales. Además, brinda recomendaciones concretas para fortalecer la cadena de valor de la innovación en el Valle del Cauca, lo que representa un importante aporte al conocimiento en este campo.