bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL MERDEKA SEJAK HATI KARYA AHMAD FUADI (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Markhamah Markhamah , Sufanti Main , Al Ma’ruf Ali Imran
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan struktur yang membangun novel dan mendeskripsikan kritik sosial yang terdapat dalam novel Merdeka Sejak Hati karya Ahmad Fuadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan mengadopsi strategi  sosiologi sastra guna mengetahui kritik sosial dalam novel tersebut. Data pada penelitian ini berupa dialog kutipan cerita dari novel tersebut. Sumber data penelitian ini berupa novel Merdeka Sejak Hati karya Ahmad Fuadi. Tekniik pengumpulan data menerapkan teknik simak dan cattat. Proses pengumpulan data yakni dengan cara membaca  dan catat keseluruhan isi teks dialog cerita yang mengandung kritik sosial dalam novel. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis konten, analisis perbandingan dengan cara..mengidentifikasi dan analisis struktural pada novel, dan menerapkan tinjauan sosiologi sastra. Adapun uji derajat kepercayaan atas data penelitian yang diperoleh dalam penelitian yakni menerapkan triangulasi teknik atau teori. Pada penelitian ini hasilnya yaitu (1) unsur intrinsik terdiri atas tema: kebebasan batin dan perjuangan. Penokohan berisi tokoh: Lafran, Sutan Pangurabaan, Gonto Siregar dan tokoh tambahan lainnya. Alur cerita menggunakan alur maju dan alur mundur. Latar cerita novel terdapat latar tempat, suasana dan latar waktu. Gaya bahasa menggunakan majas personifikasi. Amanat terkandung dalam novel dalam menjalankan kehidupan, diperlukan semangat hidup yang kuat, bersikap jujur, bersyukur, berani, bertanggung jawab, peka terhadap lingkungan, disiplin, dan konsisten. (2)Terdapat 6 kritik masalah sosial dalam novel yaitu masalah politik, moral, pendidikan,agama, ekonomi, dan keluarga.Kata kunci: Kritik Sosial, Novel, Sosiologi Sastra.
SENYAPAN DAN KILIR LIDAH TERHADAP PRODUKSI UJARAN: STUDI KASUS PADA PIDATO PEJABAT PUBLIK DI YOUTUBE
Authors: Witrianti Kurnia Luvitha , Tarmini Wini
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk senyapan dan kilir lidah serta penyebabnya yang terdapat pada pidato pejabat publik di Youtube. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata-kata, dan kalimat yang di dalamnya terdapat senyapan dan kilir lidah terhadap produksi ujaran. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah pidato Gubernur Jawa Barat pada Lauching Tribun Priangan yang diunggah di kanal Youtube Tribunnews. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan catat. Teknik analisis data berupa teknik pemaparan dan analisis konteks. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 30 data, berupa 28 data senyapan dan 2 data kilir lidah. Jenis senyapan dalam penelitian ini berupa senyapan diam dan senyapan terisi. Adapun jenis kilir lidah dalam penelitian ini kekeliruan semantik dan kekeliruan asembling. Penyebab terjadinya senyapan, yaitu pengambilan napas, jeda gramatikal, lupa pada kata atau kalimat yang diperlukan, kehati-hatian memilih kata, dan ketidaksiapan memulai tuturan. Penyebab terjadinya kilir lidah, yaitu terburu-buru dan tidak konsentrasi.
ANALISIS PRAGMATIK LIRIK TUJUH LAGU BAHASA BATAK TOBA BERTEMAKAN PENGHORMATAN ANAK KEPADA ORANG TUA
Authors: Sinaga Mindo Uly , Saragih Erikson , Perangin-angin Esra
Published: November 2023

Di dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari, manusia membutuhkan banyak sarana, diantaranya adalah komunikasi. Salah satu bentuk komunikasi tersebut yaitu musik ataupun lagu. Lagu yang dinyanyikan, disampaikan kepada orang yang dituju tanpa harus berkomunikasi secara langsung. Banyak orang suka mendengar dan menyanyikan lagu Batak, namun kurang memahami maknanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola ekspresi tindak tutur yang terdapat pada lirik lagu bahasa Batak Toba bertemakan penghormatan anak kepada orang tua. Pola ekspresi yang dimaksud adalah lokusi, ilokusi dan perlokusi. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis isi dan interview kepada orang-orang tua yang memahami betul makna lirik lagu bahasa Batak Toba. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekspresi tindak tutur lokusi dalam lirik 7 lagu Bahasa Batak Toba bertemakan penghormatan anak kepada orang tua, umumnya berupa tuturan yang disampaikan dalam bentuk kalimat berita. Ekspresi tindak tutur ilokusi dalam lirik 7 lagu Bahasa Batak Toba bertemakan penghormatan anak kepada orang tua, umumnya berisi tuturan jenis ekspresif, yaitu tuturan dengan maksud mengucapkan terima kasih, meminta maaf, memuji, dan mengucapkan selamat. Dan ekspresi tindak tutur perlokusi dalam lirik 7 lagu Bahasa Batak Toba bertemakan penghormatan anak kepada orang tua umumnya berisi tuturan dengan daya atau efek menyenangkan hati orang tua.
PELANGGARAN MAKSIM PERCAKAPAN “WEBSERIES SKAYA AND THE BIG BOSS”
Authors: Rahmawati Ayu Diah , Wicaksana Muhlis Fajar , Sukarno Sukarno
Published: November 2023

Pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama dalam web series skaya And The Big Boss menjadi pokok bahasan penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelanggaran maksim prinsip kerja sama yang terjadi dalam tuturan tokoh Skaya And The Big Boss. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk menggambarkan pelanggaran peribahasa, pada setiap data ujaran yang ditemukan. Metode pengumpulan informasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa teknik antara lain: teknik dokumentasi, teknik menyimak, dan teknik mencatat. Selanjutnya, metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penemuan ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode padan pragmatic.. Ditemukan 17 data yang melanggar prinsip kerja sama, meliputi 2 data yang melanggar maksim kuantitas, 6 data yang melanggar maksim kualitas, 5 data yang melanggar maksim relevansi, dan 4 data yang melanggar maksim cara. Pelanggaran paling banyak terjadi pada maksim kualitas dan paling sedikit maksim kuantitas. Selain pelanggaran maksim, terdapat beberapa implikatur dalam pernyataan yang dibuat, antara lain implikatur meminta, berbohong, memberikan informasi, menyatakan, dan menjelaskan.
The “Tenderness” of the Principle of Least Action: From the Philosophy of Physics to the Paradigm for Sustainable Development
Authors: Matsevich Maryia J.
Published: November 2023

The paper delves into the methodological aspects of how foundational mathematical and physical tenets, most notably the principle of least action, are interpreted and assimilated within humanities discourse. The pursuit of the article’s objectives is driven by the necessity for a philosophical and methodological analysis of the current conceptual status of the principle of least action. This analysis is informed by cognitive-axiological and teleological imperatives of a “synthetic” development program for the principle. Any fundamental principle will not have a definitive explanation, as otherwise it would not be fundamental, but in this case, some justification can be given based on deeper grounds discussed in the article. Drawing on the epistemological frameworks of French philosophers P. Hadot, E. Levinas, J. Bouveresse, and J.-T. Desanti, the article weaves together mathematical abstractions with human experience and philosophical doctrines with physical theories. J.-T. Desanti’s perspective on mathematical objects as an outcome of human activity is examined. Also scrutinized is B. Nicolescu’s concept of transdisciplinarity, which challenges the traditional subject-object dualism in science. The author’s methodological stance emerges from a dialectical viewpoint, one that eschews a simplistic dichotomy between materialism and idealism and is grounded in rigorous scientific inquiry and an exhaustive examination of the subject matter itself. The principle of least action, as a paramount principle in physics, is shown to exemplify a legacy of innovation, positioning it as both methodologically insightful and heuristically valuable. The paper also highlights how this principle diverges from the classical principle of economy. The broader goal – within the context of “sustainable development,” transdisciplinary studies, and creative industries – is to establish the principle of least action as a paradigmatic imperative for interaction within social and economic systems. The conclusions drawn from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the principle’s essence, the nature of transdisciplinarity, and confront the vestiges of scientism in the humanities.
Properties of a high-power ion beam with particle energy up to 1 MeV, obtained from a plasma created by a high-voltage pulse on a graphite cathode
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Potemkin G. V. , Ligachev A. E. ,   Federal Research Center Institute of General Physics A.M. Prokhorov of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhidkov M. V. ,   Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2023

The features of the method for generating gas-vapor plasma and the characteristics of a high-power ion beam (HPIB) obtained in a vacuum diode with a graphite cathode using a plasma-forming high-voltage nanosecond pulse are described. The cathode material and the two-pulse mode of operation of the TEMP-4 type diode make it possible to form a multicomponent nanosecond HPIB with a maximum ion energy of up to 1 MeV, a particle flux density on the surface of ~ 1013 ion/cm2, and a power density on the sample surface of up to 107 W/cm2 to modify the surface properties of structural materials. Materials are published within the framework of scientific discussion. The authors invite researchers of the generation of high-power beams of non-gas ions and the processes of beam modification of solid-state materials to discuss the topics of this article.
Mechanical properties of composite rods obtained by hot gas extrusion of a mixture of nickel and aluminum powders in a steel shell
Authors:   Merzhanov Institute of structural macrokinetics and materials science of the Russian academy of sciences, Galiev F. F. , Saikov I. V. ,   Merzhanov Institute of structural macrokinetics and materials science of the Russian academy of sciences, Berbentsev V. D. ,   Vereshchagin institute of high-pressure physics of the Russian academy of sciences, Sytschev A. E. ,   Merzhanov Institute of structural macrokinetics and materials science of the Russian academy of sciences, Nigmatullina G. R. ,   Merzhanov Institute of structural macrokinetics and materials science of the Russian academy of sciences, Alymov M. I. ,   Merzhanov Institute of structural macrokinetics and materials science of the Russian academy of sciences
Published: November 2023

The aim of the work is to determine the influence of the hot gas extrusion (HGE) parameters on the phase composition and mechanical properties of composite rods at room temperature consisting of a core with reaction products of a Ni – Al powder mixture and a steel shell. Composite rods were obtained under three different modes of HGE: in the 1st mode, the temperature of the extrusion beginning process (TE) was equal to 730 °С, and the gas pressure (PG) in the chamber with the starting materials was 210 MPa, in the 2nd mode TE — 600 °C, PG — 290 MPa and in the 3rd mode TE — 580 °C, PG — 380 MPa. The numbering of the rods is similar to the HGE modes. The study of mechanical properties was carried out by a three-point bending test and microhardness measurement. The study of the phase composition showed that rod 1 has the greatest completeness of the initial powder mixture reaction. The green nickel and aluminum were found in the core of rod 3. Three-point bending tests have shown that the yield strength of the composite rod will be higher than the yield strength of the steel rod if there are also more plastic inclusions in the core, such as the green nickel and aluminum, as in rod 3. Microhardness measurements have shown that the rods with the greatest completeness of the reaction (rods 1 and 2) have highest average microhardness.
Melting of quartz-leucoxene concentrate with dispersed arc heating
Authors:   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolaev А. А. , Kirpichov D. Е. ,   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Muromskiy S. M. ,   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolaev А. V. ,   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ovchinnikova O. A. ,   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Penkina T. N. ,   Baikov Institute of metallurgy and materials science of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2023

Separation of titanium and silicon oxides in the melt of quartz-leucoxene concentrate of the Yarega deposit under diffuse arc heating was investigated. Melting was carried out in argon at atmospheric pressure at direct current in a graphite crucible with an arc power of ≈ 25 kW. The crucible with the material was the anode of the arc. The arc heating was dispersed by applying an axial magnetic field. At the same time, a diffuse anode spot with a current density of 8 A/cm2 was formed on the surface of the material. The current-voltage parameters of the diffuse arc were investigated. As a result of melting, an oxide ingot consisting of two phases was obtained, one of which is enriched with titanium oxide, the other with silicon oxide. However, the separation of these oxides did not occur completely due to the high cooling rate of the melt. Despite the low current density in the heating spot, the melt evaporated intensively. Evaporation occurred congruently. Due to the high temperature of the bath mirror, no volatile titanium oxide evaporated along with the volatile silicon oxide. Condensation of the evaporated material occurred selectively. A condensate, consisting almost entirely of SiO2, was formed in the form of powder on the cooled surfaces near the crucible. A specific surface area of the powder was 120 m2/g. The evaporated TiO2 was removed with the exhaust gas.
Influence of fillers on the structure of silaxane films
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Baikin A. S. , Nasakina E. O. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Melnikova A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences,   ll-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Mikhailova A. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaplan M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergienko K. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Konushkin S. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolmakov A. G. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevostyanov M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences,   All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology
Published: November 2023

The influence of fillers on the structures of siloxane films was studied. Three variants of fillers are considered: ethyl alcohol, chitosan and sodium bicarbonate with its subsequent removal. It is shown that the use of alcohol leads to a change in the surface structure and the formation of numerous pores-“pits”. The use of sodium bicarbonate or chitazan makes it possible to create developed networks of pores intersecting with each other and having access to the surface. The possibility of controlling the thickness of porous layers by changing the concentration of the introduced filler is shown. It is concluded that the studied variants of the modification of the structure of siloxane films open up wide opportunities for creating drug delivery systems or other active agents, including controlled prolonged action.
Verification of a two-dimensional model of the experiment of attenuation of neutron and photon radiation of a nuclear reactor by a radiation-protective metal hydride composite
Authors:   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Yastrebinsky R. N. , Bondarenko G. G. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow Institute of Electronics and mathematicians A.N. Tikhonova, Pavlenko V. I. ,   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Yastrebinskaya A. V. ,   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Gorodov A. I. ,   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University
Published: November 2023

The paper presents experimental studies of the attenuation of neutron and photon radiation of a nuclear reactor by a radiation-protective metal hydride composite, as well as the distribution of dose and spatial-energy characteristics of primary and secondary gamma radiation in the material. It is shown that the formation of the gamma radiation dose rate behind the protection is due to the capture gamma quanta formed in the initial layer of the material. Based on the results of the reactor protective properties of the material, the verification of the computational model of the experiment in two-dimensional geometry by the method of discrete ordinates according to the DORT program was carried out. The deviations between the calculated and experimental values of the relaxation lengths for fast neutrons were no more than 5 %, for gamma radiation no more than 7 %, which confirms the validity of the calculation methods used and the possibility of using the data obtained with a high degree of reliability when designing the geometry of the radiation protection of a reactor made of metal hydride composite
The use of the Bridgman method to obtain thermoelectric silicon doped with germanium and phosphorus
Authors:   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Dorokhin M. V. , Kuznetsov Yu. M. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Demina P. B. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Erofeeva I. V. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Zdoroveyshchev A. V. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Ved’ M. V. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Zdoroveyshchev D. A. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University, Zavrazhnov A. Yu. ,   Voronezh State University, Nekrylov I. N. ,   Voronezh State University, Peshcherova S. M. ,   Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Presnyakov R. V. ,   Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Sakharov N. V. ,   Research Institute of Physics and Technology of the Lobachevsky State University
Published: November 2023

Heavily donor or acceptor doped metallurgical silicon is a promising candidate as a high-temperature thermoelectric energy converter due to the extremely low cost of its fabrication. The problem of silicon-based thermoelectric materials is the high value of the thermal conductivity; however, modern technologies offer several options for solving this problem at once. In the present work, silicon ingots heavily doped using Si:P compound were grown by the Bridgman directional crystallization method with a small (up to 5 at. %) germanium impurity fraction. The main thermoelectric parameters of the material were measured in a wide temperature range (50 – 800 °C). These are Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Based on the measurement results, the value of the thermoelectric figure of merit was calculated. The latter determines the value of the thermoelectric conversion efficiency. The study of electrical properties shows that phosphorus from the SiP compound is introduced into the lattice as a dopant and creates a high concentration of conduction electrons. The chemical analysis of the ingots showed the presence of additional background impurities, the concentration and composition of these impurities vary over the bulk of the sample. Despite the presence of impurities, the material demonstrates relatively high thermoelectric characteristics, and the efficiency is at the level of the best world results. A further potential for optimizing thermoelectric characteristics due to the possibility of a fine-grained polycrystalline structure formation is discussed.
Does Sea Level Change in The Strait of Istanbul, Türkiye?
Authors: Altindag Saffet , Akyüz Dilek Eren
Published: November 2023

Bosphorus is a narrow water passage connecting the Marmara Sea and the Black Sea through a sea level balance current flow. In this study, change points in mean and in variance and trend analysis are performed to reveal whether sea level is changing or not. Moreover, the simple linear regression is calculated to explain the relationships among sea level data in the three stations located in the Black Sea, the Marmara Sea and Bosphorus. The Turkish National Sea Level Monitoring System (TUDES) measures sea water level at each 15-minute periods in three stations in order to minimize the effect of turbulence. The sea level in the coastal area of Istanbul city is most populous region with its highly economic importance. The most important reason for this is the serious decrease in the amount of water discharged into the Black Sea due to dams and excessive water usage. The three sea level stations have no change points on the average of the whole data. The change points in variance are depicted especially in gap data years and especially around year 2018. While the difference in the sea level of the Istanbul and Sile stations contain seasonality, the difference between the other stations has a sinusoidal component. While this study lights on understanding the sea level characteristics of the Bosphorus, it also emphasizes the importance of accuracy, completeness and long-term measurement data requirement.
Instagram’s Influence on Self-representation of Young Users
Authors: DOROFEEVA Marianna , ÖZE Nuran
Published: November 2023

Social media users are attempting to capture every moment of their life, therefore creating the visual global aesthetic that forms virtuality. This study examines the relationship between the usage of Instagram, and its influence on users’ mental health through social comparison traps, body image, stereotyping, gender differences, cultural background, unrealistic beauty standards, and fake representations. This research tried to find out that the frequency of social comparisons on Instagram may have detrimental consequences on users such as depression and feelings of inadequacy. Furthermore, due to idealized representations, individuals can struggle to distinguish between their true identities and their digital personas. Additionally, widespread usage of weight loss and body image hashtags and trends may negatively impact young adults. However, Instagram might have a beneficial impact as it allows people to express themselves in front of billions of others. A mixed research method approach was applied to fully understand this study by using the Social Comparison scale and asking open-ended short-answer questions. In this context, 105 participants aged between 18 and 25 were asked about their use of the Instagram platform and their comparisons with other users, through electronic surveys. The study aimed to show how social media affects young adults in different ways and to provide insight into how users can better protect their mental health on Instagram. Research findings reveal that Instagram users think that they make rational choices about their online behavior and personal representation, and that they use the platform in a healthy and beneficial way.
Lotus images at the Xiahuayuan Grottoes in Zhangjiakou
Authors: Jing Li
Published: November 2023

Taking Xiahuayuan Grottoes in Zhangjiakou as an example, this article analyzes and interprets the lotus patio pattern from multiple angles, and examines the external factors of lotus image generation from the perspective of sociology and culturology.
Overview of the current situation and development trend of E.V. Paducheva’s linguistic thought in China in the past 20 years (2000–2023)
Authors: Xiuzhu Meng , Yunsheng Ju
Published: November 2023

E.V. Paducheva is regarded by scholars in the field of Chinese linguistics as a leading Russian linguist. This article aims to analyze the research results of E.V. Paducheva's linguistic thought in China in the past 20 years, mainly including several parts of linguistics researches, such as semantics, pragmatics, denotation theory and the problem of egocentrism. Using a combination of ephemeral and diachronic, descriptive and interpretative methods, the paper integrates and analyses the scattered studies of various scholars in China.
The scientific and technical policy of Russia in conditions of international pressure: historical and political analysis
Authors: Znamenskiy Dmitriy
Published: November 2023

The article attempts a historical and political analysis of the scientific and technical policy of Russia at different stages of its history. The author pays special attention to the international policy context of this policy direction. According to the author, in the history of Russia, attempts have been made repeatedly to exert international pressure to isolate it, including in the scientific and technological sphere.
بنية المشتقات للفظ (سخر) ودلالالتها في الاستعمال القرآني
Authors: مطشر عصام غالب , أ.د. قصي جواد الغراوي
Published: November 2023

تناولت هذه الدراسة بِنية المشتقات للفظ (سخر ) ودلالتها في الاستعمال القرآني , حيث وردت بِنية اللفظ (سخر) في الاستعمال القرآني بصيغة أسم الفاعل ( ساخرون ) مرة واحدة في القرآن الكريم , وكانت دلالتها الاستهزاء من الآخرين , وورت بِنية اللفظ ( سخر) بصيغة أسم المفعول (4) مرات واعطت دلالة الانتفاع واللطف الإلهي بالإنسان وما سواه من المخلوقات التي خلقها الله – سبحانه وتعالى , أما بنية اللفظ ( سخر ) بصيغة المبالغة فقد وردت في القرآن الكريم مرتين وكانت دلالتها في الأغلب الهزء والضحك من الآخرين , والله – سبحانه وتعالى – نهى عن السخرية في كتابه الكريم , وتوعد الكافرين بالسخط والغضب منهم ثم العذاب الأليم, فكل لفظ في القرآن الكريم، يخرج لدلالة ، او دلالات متعددة، يكشف عنها ويبينها السياق القرآني.
الآراء الكلامية في المدرسة الاشراقية ( السهروردي انموذجا)
Authors: م.د. حامد جويد عبد الحسن
Published: November 2023

أن الحكمة الاشراقي التي أسسها ووضع قواعدها السهروردي في بنيتها إلاسلامية، وتشكل الآراء الدينية الإسلامية أهم مكوناتها وعناصرها، ولا يقصد بالإسلامية أن تعني حكمة دينية نصية مما جاء وفقهاء الإسلام والأئمة، بل هي حكمة توافق قائمة على كل من الاستدلال البحثي والحدس العقلي ، كل من التمرس الرسمي للعقل وتطهير النفس والواقع ان السهروردي يقسم مراتب الباحثين عن المعرفة تبعاً لتكامل احدى هاتين الملكتين او كلتاهما , وهي لا تخالف في خطوطها الكلية الفكر الإسلامي ومفهومه العام , حيث جعل السهروردي من التوحيد هو الأساس والمنبع في حكمته الاشراقية وفي تفسير كل شيء في الوجود واتخذ من اسم من اسماء الله الحسنى وهو اسم النور في تسمية حكمته لذا نجد النور يمثل حجر الزاوية في فلسفته فعلى أساس النور قامت فلسفته سواء في الوجود او القيم والنور هو المبدأ وهو الصراط وهو المنتهى حيث يقول في مقدمة كتابة هياكل النور ( يا قيوم , ايدنا بالنور , وثبتنا على النور , واحشرنا الى النور ) ولذلك فقد انتهى الى مذهب حكمة الاشراق الذي اطلق علية علم الانوار ويتمحور حول اعتبار النور مبدأ الوجود , الله سبحانه وتعالى هو نور الانوار حيث نجد السهروردي في الكثير من مؤلفاته يستعرض ويبرهن الكثير من الأدلة على اثبات واجب الوجود ومناقشة الأدلة منها دليل الواجب والممكن  ودليل الحدوث بالإضافة الى ادلة اثبات المعاد وبقاء النفوس بعد الموت ويتكلم بعده عن صفات واجب الوجود وه التوحيد الصفاتي والتوحيد الافعالي لله سبحانه وتعالى ويستشهد باحاديث النبي صل الله عليه واله وسلم وكذلك ادعية النبي والائمة الاطهار  ولبيان المطالب الكلامية يستشهد بالآيات القرآنية في كثير من مؤلفاته .
الحياة السياسية والاجتماعية في بلاد الهند خلال العصر المغولي
Authors: م.د. علي حلو حسن
Published: November 2023

عرفت بلاد الهند كونها تمثل قوميات واجناس مختلة شملت الديانات التقاليد والعادات الاجتماعية قبل الإسلام وبقيت قسم منها بعد مجيء الفتح الإسلامي لها سيما في عصر سلاطين المغول وحظيت الأعياد والمناسبات الدينية والاجتماعية مكانة مرموقة عند السلاطين المغول الذين تركوا بصمة واضحة مثلت الدين الإسلامي هناك كما كان للمرأة دور سياسي واجتماعي مميز في بلاد الهند والحال نفسه في بقية شعوب الهند ذات الطبقات والاجناس المختلفة
مدينة صنعاء ومكانتها السياسية من خلال النقود في القرن الثالث الهجري
Authors: م.م عبير احمد جاسم
Published: November 2023

تحتل صنعاء مكانة مهمة منذ العصور القديمة وخلال العصور الاسلامية وكانت من أهم العواصم للممالك القديمة في شبه الجزيرة العربية .

ضربت فيها المسكوكات  بمختلف الطرز حسب الدولة التي تحكمها ، يهدف البحث الى ايضاح وتتبع تاريخ ضرب المسكوكات في صنعاء منذ عصور ما قبل الاسلام حتى القرن الثالث الهجري .

لازالت مسكوكات هذه المدينة نادرة بسبب قلتها اذا لم تكشف لنا التنقيبات الاثرية وعمليات البحث والمسكوكات بطبيعتها من المواد او الاثار المنقولة  وكذلك من المواد غالية الثمن والتي يمكن صهرها واعادة ضرب مسكوكات اخرى .

 فلم يصلنا لحد الان سوى فلس نحاسي يعود لسنة 139هجرية  للعصر العباسي الاول ، اما العصور الاسلامية قبل هذا الفلس  فتعد نوعا ما مجهولة وغير مؤكدة ولم يستطيع احد من علماء المسكوكات بالجزم ان اليمن او مدينة صنعاء لم تضرب فيها عملة قبل ظهور الفلس العباسي ،لكون اليمن عرف المسكوكات وضربتها في مدنها قبل الاسلام وتم تداول عملاتها من قبل المسلمين في زمن الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم .

 وانه من غير المستبعد انه كانت لها دار ضرب في العصر الاموي بسبب أهمية اليمن بالنسبة للخلافة الاسلامية . على الرغم من ذلك ذكرنا انه اقدم عملة اسلامية هي عباسية ، وصلت الينا دنانير ودراهم ضربت في صنعا في غاية من الدقة في الصنع والجمال وتعد من نوادر المسكوكات لأهميتها التاريخية وقلة عددها وتنوع طرزها وتميزها عن بقية المسكوكات التي ضربت في المدن الاسلامية الاخرى .

 سيطر العباسيين على اليمن بعد سقوط الدولة الاموية وأصبحت جزء من الدولة العباسية ، تدار شؤونها عن طريق أمير يعين من قبل الخليفة العباسي ، وكان أهل اليمن يتعاملون بالمسكوكات التي تفد اليهم من مدينة السلام .

ويذكر انه  في عهد الخليفة ابو جعفر المنصور قد انشأ محمد بن جعفر البرمكي دار سك في مدينة صنعاء ومنذ ذلك الوقت أصبحت صنعاء دار لضرب المسكوكات العباسية ،حتى سنة 335وخروج اليمن من سيطرة العباسيين بعد سنوات من الصراعات السياسية المذهبية .حاولنا في هذا البحث دراسة المسكوكات العباسية التي ضربت في صنعاء
ركن الخطأ وفقاً للقواعد العامة في المسؤولية المدنية للصيدلي عن صرف الوصفة الدوائية
Authors: مها حسن الساعدي  , د.احمد ديلمي
Published: November 2023

يرتكب الصيدلي اخطاء تثير مسؤوليته المدنية التي تقوم على اركان اساسية وهي الخطأ والضرر والعلاقة السببية ، فتعدد الاخطاء التي يرتكبها الصيدلي تكون بتعداد الالتزامات المفروضة عليه والتي تعود الى سوء تنفيذه للوصفة الدوائية او بيعه للدواء .
كما ان المسؤولية التي يتحملها الصيدلي لا تشمل فقط اخطائه الشخصية التي يرتكبها اثناء بيع الدواء او اثناء تحضيره في صيدليته بناء على وصفة طبية بل تمتد لتشمل الاخطاء التي يرتكبها مساعديه .
ويترتب على مسؤولية الصيدلي التزام بتعويض المتضرر (المريض او المستهلك) عما لحقه من  ضرر ، ويكون بحسب طبيعة الالتزام الذي اخل به ، الا ان مسؤوليته تكون ليست كاملة ، ويمكنه ان يتمسك بحالات معينة بقصد دفع المسؤولية عنه
فلسفة التوحيد في مصر القديمة " عبادة الإله الشمس"
Authors: م.م رسل ماجد عبد  , ا.د.فاضل كاظم حنون
Published: November 2023

يتناول موضوع البحث (فلسفة التوحيد في مصر القديمة " عبادة الإله الشمس ")  أحد أهم المسائل المتعلقة بالعقيدة الدينية عند المصريين القدماء, ألا وهي مسألة ما إذا كانت هذه العقيدة قائمة على أساس توحيدي بعبادة إله واحد, أم الشرك من خلال عبادة آلهة متعددة , وتتجلى أولى صور التوحيد الممكنة التي يسعى البحث التحقق منها إن الشمس شكلت مرتكزاً للتوحيد أم لا عند المصريين القدماء , إذ إن عقيدة المصريين بالتوحيد تبدو لنا ممكنة التصور عند المصريين القدماء حتى قبل ثورة الفرعون امنحتب الرابع (أخناتون) الدينية , تلك الثورة التي نبذت كل صور العبادات الأخرى لصالح عبادة الإله آتون , أحد تجليات أو صور عبادة الشمس في مصر القديمة , وانطلاقاً من هذه الصورة العبادية التي أعادها إلى الوجود الفرعون المصري اخناتون يهدف هذا البحث إلى سبر كنه هذه العبادة وهل كانت في حقيقتها عبادة للشمس أم للقوة الكامنة من وراءها والتي ترمز حسبما يرى بعض علماء الديانة المصرية القديمة إلى أنها صورة توحيدية لإله واحد هو ( الاله الخالق ) , وهذا البحث يهدف إلى أثبات هذه الفرضية. وقد تضمن البحث المقدمة  وثلاثة مباحث تناولنا في المبحث الأول  تطور عبادة الشمس في مصر القديمة ، أما المبحث الثاني فتطرقنا فيه إلى صفات الإله الشمس قياساً بصفات الآلهة الأخرى، أما المبحث الثالث فقد استعرضنا  فيه صورة التوحيد في عهد الفرعون أخناتون ، كذلك شمل البحث الخاتمة استعرضنا فيها استنتاجاتنا للبحث مع فهرس للهوامش والمصادر التي استخدمت فيه
Body talk and body dissatisfaction in Japanese university students: Longitudinal study using the Japanese Body Talk Scale
Authors: Ito Nahori , Hasegawa Akira , Adachi Masaki , Oura Shin-ichi , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Matsuda Yuko , Tomita Takuro
Published: November 2023

This study assessed the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Body Talk Scale (BTS), which consists of three subscales assessing negative fat talk, negative muscle talk, and positive body talk. Additionally, the study investigated whether each category of body talk was longitudinally associated with body dissatisfaction. We conducted two separate studies among university students in Japan. Separate confirmatory factor analysis conducted for women and men consistently revealed that the Japanese BTS maintained the same three-factor structure as the original scale. Results demonstrated that the Japanese BTS exhibited good construct validity and acceptable to adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The longitudinal study showed that negative fat talk among women predicted increased discrepancy between the thin ideal body image and the actual body image four weeks later. Conversely, positive body talk among women was associated with decreased body dissatisfaction and body image discrepancy. There were no such significant associations in men. The Japanese BTS can serve as a valuable tool for future research to explore the diverse effects of negative fat talk, negative muscle talk, and positive body talk, encompassing intrapersonal influences, such as body image, eating disorder symptoms, depression, and interpersonal influences.
Bayesian Diagnostic Classification Models for a Partially Known Q-matrix
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuhiro
Published: November 2023

This study proposes a Bayesian method for diagnostic classification models (DCMs) for a partially known Q-matrix setting between exploratory and confirmatory DCMs. This Q-matrix setting is practical and useful because test experts have pre-knowledge of the Q-matrix but cannot readily specify it completely. The proposed method employs priors for the Bayesian variable selection to simultaneously estimate the effects of active and nonactive attributes and the simulations lead to appropriate attribute recovery rates. Furthermore, the proposed method recovers the attribute mastery of individuals at the same as for a fully known Q-matrix. In addition, the proposed methods can be used to estimate the unknown Q-matrix part. A real data example indicates that the proposed Bayesian estimation method for the partially known Q-matrix fits better than a fully specified Q-matrix. Finally, extensions and future research directions are discussed.
Modulation of the Indolamine 2,3 Dioxygenase Pathway as a Means of Treating Depression
Authors: Ramos Noelle , Ichim Thomas , Lin Emma , Lin Feng , Akana Reece V , Kesari Santosh , Veltmeyer James , Dixon Timothy
Published: November 2023

Despite significant progress made in understanding and treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), conventional approaches still possess significant shortcomings, supporting the need to explore alternative approaches. Neuroinflammation as a cause of various mood disorders is becoming appreciated with increasing frequency. One key molecule associated with immune modulation and inflammatory processes is indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO), the rate limiting enzyme responsible for catabolism of tryptophan through the kynurenine pathway. This inducible protein plays a critical role in diverse biological processes ranging from pregnancy to chemotherapy drug resistance, to parasitic escape from immune responses. Here we review the biology of IDO with respect to neuronal processes, the impact of immune modulation on IDO expression and modulation of mood disorders, and the possibility of using nutraceutical intervention as part of a treatment regimen for MDD.
Sollten Förderentscheidungen partiell durch Lotterien ersetzt werden?
Authors: Mutz Rüdiger , Wolbring Tobias , Daniel Hans-Dieter
Published: November 2023

Angesichts der Kritik am Peer-Review-Verfahren haben einige Forschungsförderungsorganisationen ein Lotterie-Element in die Auswahlverfahren für ausgewählte Förderinitiativen eingeführt. Ziel dieses konzeptuellen Beitrags ist es, das Lotterie-Verfahren als Element eines Entscheidungsprozesses in der Forschungsförderung am Beispiel der Förderinitiative „Experiment!“ der VolkswagenStiftung (VWS) zu diskutieren. Dabei sollen zuerst die allgemeinen Grundlagen von Lotterien dargelegt werden, und zwar aus vier Perspektiven: des Verfahrens, der Statistik, der Ökonomie und der Sozialpsychologie. Diese generellen Überlegungen zu Lotterien sollen als Folie dienen, die Fachliteratur aufzuarbeiten. Beispielhaft sollen die Förderinitiative „Experiment!“ der VWS dargestellt und ein Design für die Ex-post-Evaluation der Wirkungen des Lotterieelements im Auswahlverfahren entwickelt werden. Abschließend werden Empfehlungen formuliert für die Wirkungsevaluation derart modifizierter Auswahlverfahren.
Аgroecological potential of the western part of the Kuznetsk-Salair geomorphological province: digital mapping methodology, geospatial analysis, correlation with soil organic carbon content
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gopp N.V.
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study: to develop a methodology of digital mapping of the agroecological potential (AP) of the western part of the Kuznetsk-Salair geomorphological province and to conduct a comparative analysis of the studied parameter typical for 12 types and subtypes of soils of the studied territory; to conduct a correlation analysis of the relationship between climatic and geographical indicators and soil organic carbon content. Studied area and method. The studied area occupies the western part of the Kuznetsk-Salair geomorphological province of the Altai-Sayan Mountain country (Russia, Novosibirsk region, Iskitimsky district). The methods of digital mapping, geospatial, correlation and comparative geographical analyses were used in the work. Results. The developed methodology and the use of maps in raster format enabled to identify the pronounced spatial differentiation of the AP, as well as to visualize its spatial change on a digital map. Geospatial analysis showed that AP values varied in the range from 3,0 to 6,8, increasing from the southwest to the northeast of the study area. The change in AP by 0,5 units served as the basis for the allocation of eight agro-climatic evaluation subzones. The average AP values, characteristic of the soils, varied in the range from 4,2 to 6,0. The correlation between climatic and geographical parameters (the sum of active air temperatures above 10 °C, the amount of precipitation and evaporation per year, geographical latitude, coefficients of humidification and continentality of the climate) and the organic carbon content were characterized by a moderate and noticeable strength of the relationship. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed: 1) to develop a methodology for digital mapping of agroecological potential and identify eight agro-climatic assessment subzones; 2) to obtain more accurate information about spatial changes in climatic characteristics; 3) to determine the average values of agroecological potential typical for 12 types and subtypes of soils of the studied territory; 4) to identify the relationship between climatic and geographical parameters and the content of organic matter carbon in soils. Maps of agroecological potential can be further used for mapping the normative yield of agricultural crops; selection of varieties of crops with certain needs for heat and moisture resources for growth and development; designing adaptive landscape systems of agriculture; assessment of the cadastral cost of agricultural land and the suitability of land for use in agriculture; studying the influence of climatic characteristics on soil and vegetation covers.
A Prostate Cancer Metachronous to A Breast Cancer in A 74-Year-Old Male
Authors: Jean Sossa , Trésor Musimwa Ganza , Lionelle Fanou , Félicien Hounto Yao , Inès Yevi Dodji Magloire , Jean-Martin Hodonou Fred , Georges Avakoudjo Déjinnin Josué
Published: November 2023

A 74-year-old male presented right breast cancer and prostate cancer. He had metastatic lesions on the right 7th and 8th ribs. The exact one of both cancers that had metastasized to the bone was not determined. That exceptional association of metastatic breast and prostate cancer in the same male individual was treated with Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, and Triptorelin. Unfortunately, the patient could afford only 2 cycles of Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide and got lost to follow-up.
Endoscopic drainage of the upper urinary tract: indications and quality of life of post-drainage patients
Authors: Fouelefack Aloys-Gibson Tetinou , Agounkpe Michel Michael , Natchagandé Gilles , Moïse Muhindo Valimungighe , Hadidjatou Ouake , Hodonou Fred , Dodji Yevi Magloire , Jean ossa , Dejinnin Josué Georges Avakoudjo
Published: November 2023

Background and rationale: Urine drainage after renal secretion and excretion requires an unobstructed urinary tract. In the event of an obstruction, and depending on the etiology of the obstruction, endoscopic drainage of the urinary tract is indicated. This study aimed to identify the indications and assess the quality of life of patients who have undergone endoscopic drainage of the upper urinary tract at the Clinique Universitaire d'Urologie - Andrologie of the CNHU-HKM in Cotonou over the past five years. Patients and method: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of patients who underwent endoscopic drainage of the upper urinary tract (JJ stent assembly) at the CNHU-HKM University Urology-Andrology Clinic from January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The English-language "ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ)" developed and validated by Joshi et al, then translated and validated in French in 2010, enabled us to assess the tolerance of JJ stents in our patients. Results: A total of 173 patients were selected, with an average age of 46. Males accounted for 64.61 % of cases. JJ catheterization was indicated in 51.44 % of cases (n=89), due to ureterohydronephrosis. Etiologies were dominated by lithiasis obstacles in 73.41 % of cases. Pain and discomfort associated with the presence of the JJ stent were found in 27.75 % of cases (n=48). Sexual activity was impeded by pain in 4 patients (8.0 %). Conclusion: The use of JJ stent is common practice in urology, but they are responsible for significant morbidity. In our study, the indication is dominated by renal colic complicating lithiasis. Studies aimed at assessing the quality of life of JJ stent patients remain a challenge, as they very often lead to subjective conclusions and are generally influenced by confounding variables such as age and comorbidities. A better understanding of the areas of daily life impacted by JJ stent use will enable us to better inform our patients, as well as develop new JJ stent models to improve their tolerability.
Indications and Findings of Coronary Angiography: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bista Madhab , Shah Prashant , Mehta Ram Kumar
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is an important subset of cardiovascular disease that requires timely, accurate, and cost-effective diagnosis. Among several modalities practiced to evaluate this disease; coronary angiography is the gold standard.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify indications and findings of coronary angiography among patients admitted at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Cardiology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1 September 2021 to 30 June 2022 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Ref No: IRC-PA-167/2078-79). A total of 202 patients were included through consecutive sampling. Data was collected on baseline characteristics, indications and findings of coronary angiography. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was calculated.

Result: Maximum percentage of patients were in the age group 60-69 years (20.8% males and 16.3% females) with mean± S.D(60.1± 11.1). The most common indication for coronary angiography was angina (34.1%) and treadmill test positive (24.3%). Nearly 62% had abnormal findings. Single vessel disease was present in 25.2%, double vessel disease in 5.9% and triple vessel disease in 20.6%. Other findings were cardiac bridging (2.9%), non-critical coronary artery disease (1.9%) and in-stent restenosis (0.5%).

Conclusion: The most common indication of coronary angiography was chronic stable angina and the majority had vessel diseases.
Addressing Brain Drain: Retaining Skilled Professionals in Nepal in Manufacturing Sector from the Perspective of Human Resource Management
Authors: Baral Anil Kumar
Published: November 2023

Retaining skilled professionals in Nepal's manufacturing sector is crucial for organizational success and sustainable economic development. However, the phenomenon of brain drain poses significant challenges in this regard. This article, from the perspective of human resource management (HRM), explores the factors contributing to brain drain in Nepal and offers insights on addressing this issue. From an HRM perspective, this article examines the reasons behind employee dissatisfaction and the challenges faced by manufacturers in retaining skilled professionals. To improve employee retention, this article highlights key areas for consideration. It emphasizes the importance of workplace happiness, factors such as the weight of job responsibilities and safe working conditions, and the critical role of competitive salaries in satisfying employee needs. Furthermore, it introduces six elements - inclusion, appreciation, support, trust, purpose, and achievement - that, when incorporated into organizations, can contribute to positive workplace well-being and employee satisfaction.
In conclusion, this article calls for collective efforts in fostering an environment of trust, communication, and inclusivity within manufacturing organizations. Recognizing and appreciating employee contributions, providing clear responsibilities and focusing on employee satisfaction are vital for retaining skilled professionals and addressing the challenges posed by brain drain in Nepal's manufacturing sector.