bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Evaluation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Material and Bioglass in the Treatment of Periodontal Osseous Defects: A Clinical and Radiological Study
Authors: Gupta Rajan , Pandit Nymphea
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biphasic calcium phosphate (ossifi®) and bioactive glass in the treatment of periodontal osseous defects clinically and radiographically and compare them with open-flap debridement.

Methods and Materials

A total of 45 sites in two test groups (test 1, ossifi; test 2, bioactive glass) and a control group (open-flap debridement), in 35 patients, were selected in this study conducted at the department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, D.A.V.(C) Dental College, Yamuna Nagar, India. Clinical parameters like plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded at the baseline and at three months and six months postoperatively. Radiological parameters like the amount of defect resolution and the percentage of defect resolution were recorded at the baseline and at three months and six months postoperatively.

Results

Statistically significant difference in mean values of the plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth reduction, clinical attachment level, gain amount of defect resolution, and percentage of defect resolution were observed in all the groups at subsequent time periods.

Conclusion

Both test groups showed significant improvement over the control in both the clinical and radiological parameters.

Clinical Significance

A greater percentage of defect resolution was noticed in test 1 as compared to test 2, followed by the control.

Citation

Pandit N, Gupta R, Gupta S. A Comparative Evaluation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Material and Bioglass in the Treatment of Periodontal Osseous Defects: A Clinical and Radiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):025-032. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue2-pandit.
Oral Rehabilitation of Primary Dentition Affected by Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report
Authors: Parisotto Thaís Manzano , Steiner-Oliveira Carolina , Gavião Maria Beatriz Duarte , Souza-e-Silva Cíntia Mariade , Nobre-dos-Santos Marinês
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of the case report was to describe the treatment of a 4½-year-old boy with amelogenesis imperfect (AI) in the primary dentition.

Background

AI is a hereditary condition that affects the development of enamel, causing quantity, structural, and compositional anomalies involving all dentitions. Consequently, the effects can extend to both the primary and secondary dentitions.

Report

A 4½-year-old boy was brought to the dental clinic complaining of tooth hypersensitivity during meals. The medical history and clinical examination were used to arrive at the diagnosis of amelogenesis imperfecta. The treatment was oral rehabilitation of the primary molars with stainless steel crowns and resin-filled celluloid forms of both maxillary and mandibular primary incisors and canines.

Improvements in the patient's psychological behavior and the elimination of tooth sensitiveness were observed, and the reestablishment of a normal occlusion resulted in improved eating habits. The child was monitored in the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic at four-month intervals until the mixed dentition stage.

The oral rehabilitation of young children with AI is necessary to reestablish the stomatognathic system function, so important for a child's systemic health. An adequate medical history and a careful clinical examination were essential for a correct diagnosis. Treatment was rendered that was appropriate for the child's age and clinical/psychological characteristics.

Clinical Significance

Cost-effective restorative techniques involving stainless steel and composite-resin crowns are shown for the restoration of a young patient with amelogensis imperfecta.

Citation

Souza-e-Silva CM, Parisotto TM, Steiner-Oliveira C, Gavião MBD, Nobre-dos- Santos M. Oral Rehabilitation of Primary Dentition Affected by Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):071-077. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue3-nobre_ dos_santos.
A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations
Authors: Adeyemo Wasiu L. , Ogunlewe Mobolanle O. , Ladeinde Akinola L. , Hassan Olufemi O. , Taiwo Olanrewaju A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted third molars is a common practice throughout the world justified on the presumption that the risk of surgical morbidity increases with increasing age, among other reasons. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare surgical morbidity associated with third-molar extractions in young and aging populations.

Methods and Materials

A review of records for all patients who underwent the surgical extraction of impacted third molars between April 2001 and June 2006 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was carried out.

Results

A total of 506 patients had surgical extractions of impacted third molars under local anaesthesia during the period of the study. Of these, 470 (92.9 percent) patients were below the age of 40 years (Group A) and 36 (7.1 percent) patients were 40 years of age and older (Group B). No incidences of severe intraoperative complications (excessive bleeding or mandibular fractures) were recorded in either group, but other postoperative complications were reported in 70 (13.8 percent) patients. Of these 70 patients, 65 (92.9 percent) were from Group A and 5 (7.1 percent) were from Group B, and their complications included infected socket, dry socket, paraesthesia, and buccal space abscess.

Conclusions

No significant difference in postoperative complications following surgical removal of mandibular third molars was found between patients 40 years old and greater and those below age 40. Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, based on the assumption that surgical morbidity increases with age, may not be justifiable.

Clinical Significance

Age does not predispose patients who had surgical extraction of mandibular third molars above 40 years of age to any additional surgical complications when compared to patients below the age of 40 years receiving comparable treatment.

Citation

Adeyemo WL, Ogunlewe MO, Ladeinde AL, Hassan OO, Taiwo OA. A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):001-008. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4- adeyemo
Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey
Authors: Kazanci Fatih , Celikoglu Mevlut , Miloglu Ozkan , Oktay Husamettin
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of third-molar agenesis in orthodontic patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey.

Methods and Materials

Our data were obtained from the panoramic radiographs of the 2,579 patients 12 to 16 years of age in the Department of Orthodontics at the Atatürk University in Erzurum, Turkey. Subjects with congenital deformities, such as a cleft palate, were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and a chi-squared test.

Results

Of the 2,579 subjects, 1,964 (76.2 percent) had all four third-molar teeth, 238 (9.2 percent) had three, 214 (8.3 percent) had two, 66 (2.6 percent) had one third molar, and 97 (3.8 percent) had agenesis of all third-molar teeth. There was no significant difference in agenesis of third-molar teeth between the right and left sides and no gender predilection was noted. However, significantly more third-molar teeth were found to be missing from the maxilla compared to the mandible, with a ratio of approximately 1.5:1.

Conclusion

According to our results, the absence of one third molar is the most frequently detected pattern in the East Anatolian population. Additionally, the absence of third molars is more frequent in the maxilla than the mandible.

Clinical Significance

To date no information about third-molar agenesis in the East Anatolian population from Turkey is documented. This is believed to be the first known study on this subject in this population.

Citation

Kazanci F, Celikoglu M, Miloglu O, Oktay H. Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):033-040. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-kazanci
Direct Laminate Veneers with Resin Composites: Two Case Reports with Five-Year Follow-ups
Authors: Bayindir Yusuf Ziya , Zorba Yahya Orcun , Barutcugil Cagatay
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present five-year follow-ups of two different applications for the use of direct laminate resin-based composite veneers to improve esthetics.

Background

Defects in the maxillary anterior teeth, such as enamel hypoplasia and peg lateral, can present esthetic challenges. Furthermore, a treatment plan that can be completed in a single appointment is highly desirable. This case report presents two different clinical cases involving the use of direct laminate resin-based composite veneers with five-year follow-ups.

Case Report

Case 1: A 17-year-old female patient was referred for treatment of her anterior teeth, which were unesthetically altered due to enamel hypoplasia and dental caries. A treatment plan was developed that included restoring the affected teeth with direct resin-based composite laminate veneers to improve the patient's appearance. The six maxillary anterior teeth were prepared for and restored with direct resinbased composite laminate veneers. At the fiveyear follow-up, the patient was satisfied with the restorations both esthetically and functionally.

Case 2: A 15-year-old female patient also was referred for treatment to improve the appearance of her maxillary anterior teeth. A treatment plan was developed with two objectives: (1) to restore the undersized supernumerary crown in the area of the maxillary right lateral incisor and (2) to close the anterior diastemas. The facial surfaces were conservatively prepared and resin-based composite was applied with the aid of transparent crown forms. After completion of the treatment, the patient was recalled at six-month intervals. At the five-year follow-up appointment, the restorations were intact, no adverse effects were noted, and the resultant appearance was highly satisfactory for the patient.

The use of direct resin-based composite laminate veneers and adhesive bonding systems has been shown to provide an esthetic alternative to metal-ceramic or all-ceramic crowns for the rehabilitation of anterior teeth. This treatment option offers another advantage, namely a lower cost compared to an indirect technique. Other more complex and costly treatment options in the future are not ruled out.

Clinical Significance

In the present two cases, the initial and five-year follow-up results support the use of direct resin-based composite laminate veneers with minimal altering of healthy tooth structure. Such results should encourage clinicians to seek a cost-effective technique such as direct resin restorations to improve a patient's esthetic appearance in a single appointment.

Citation

Zorba YO, Bayindir YZ, Barutcugil C. Direct Laminate Veneers with Resin Composites: Two Case Reports with Five-Year Follow-ups. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):056-062. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-zorba
Regression Equations for Predicting the Size of Unerupted Canines and Premolars in an Iranian Population: A Pilot Study
Authors: Talebi Maryam , Parisay Iman , Sarraf Ali , Mazhari Fateme
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate equations for predicting the size of unerupted canines and premolars during the mixed dentition period in an Iranian population.

Methods and Materials

This cross-sectional analysis was performed on 106 subjects (52 girls, 54 boys, aged 13–15 years). Data were obtained from dental cast by making direct measurements of the maximum mesiodistal widths of all mandibular and maxillary incisors, canines, premolars, and first molars with an electronic digital sliding caliper, with an accuracy of ±0.02 mm and repeatability of ±0.01 mm. The results were statistically analyzed using Student t tests, Pearson product-moment coefficients, and ANOVA tests. Correlation coefficients (r) and error variance of estimates were determined using a significance level of p<0.05.

Results

No significant differences were found between the mesiodistal tooth widths of males and females in this Iranian population. The highest correlation was between the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the maxilla with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors (r=0.742). A moderate correlation was obtained in the mandible (r=0.665). Approximations were developed to predict the size of the unerupted canines and premolars in both jaws (in the maxilla, Y = 0.740X + 14.271, or the simplified formula, Y = 3/4X + 14; for the mandibular arch, Y = 0.658X + 16.353, or the simplified formula, Y = 2/3 X + 16).

Conclusion

The strongest correlation was found for the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the maxilla with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors in the maxillary analysis (r=0.742). A moderate correlation was found in the mandible for the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors (r=0.665).

Clinical Significance

The simplified equations proposed for the maxillary arch (Y = 3/4 X + 14) and for the mandibular arch (Y = 2/3 X + 16) offer an easy and practical way to predict the size of unerupted canines and premolars in the maxillary and mandibular arches of Iranian children.

Citation

Talebi M, Parisay I, Sarraf A, Mazhari F. Regression equations for predicting the size of unerupted canines and premolars in an Iranian population: A pilot study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet], 2010 October; 11(5):033-040. Available from http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue5-talebi
Effects of Two Antioxidants on the Microleakage of Resin-Based Composite Restorations after Nonvital Bleaching
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Ghoddusi Jamileh , Moghaddas Mohammad Javad , Rajabi Omid
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare the neutralizing effect of antioxidant agents on the microleakage of dental restorations in nonvital teeth after bleaching with carbamide peroxide. Also assessed was the correlation of the microleakage data between an electrochemical and a staining technique.

Methods and Materials

Following root canal therapy, 40 sound and similar human maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into four groups of 10 specimens each (n=10). The groups were subjected to one of four treatments: Group 1, bleaching with 10 percent carbamide peroxide for periods of eight hours per day for one week without an antioxidant agent; Group 2, bleaching with 10 percent carbamide peroxide plus 10 percent sodium ascorbate gel; Group 3, bleaching with 10 percent carbamide peroxide plus 10 percent sodium ascorbate gel combined with a surfactant; and Group 4, no bleaching treatment (control group). In all groups, the access cavities were restored using the Single Bond Plus Adhesive system and Z100 resin-based composite. After 1,000 thermal cycles, the teeth were dried and three layers of nail varnish were applied over the entire surface area to within 1.0 mm of the restoration. A PVC-covered copper wire, with 3.0 mm of exposed bare wire, was inserted apically 5.0 mm into the canal, which was obturated with gutta-percha and sealed with sticky wax and varnish at the apex. Leakage was continuously monitored for 40 days using a conductimetric method. The teeth were immersed in 0.5 percent basic fuchsine for 24 hours, followed by sectioning for microscopic examination at 16x magnification. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Newman-Keuls multiple comparison, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman's rho tests (p<0.05).

Results

Based on the electrochemical results, cavities subjected to 10 percent sodium ascorbate gel combined with a surfactant displayed the least amount of microleakage while teeth that were bleached but not treated with an antioxidant exhibited significantly greater microleakage (p=0.007). These findings also were corroborated by the results of the staining experiments that showed a strong correlation between the electrochemical and staining findings (p=0.006) for the groups.

Conclusion

After nonvital bleaching and the application of the antioxidant 10 percent sodium ascorbate, the addition of the surfactant 0.2 percent Tween 80 to the conventional antioxidant formulation significantly reduced microleakage.

Clinical Significance

The addition of a surfactant to the antioxidant formulation significantly reduced microleakage when it was applied after bleaching.

Citation

Moosavi H, Moghaddas MJ, Ghoddusi J, Rajabi O. Effect of Two Antioxidants on the Microleakage of Resin-Based Composite Restorations after Nonvital Bleaching. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 December; 11(6):033- 040. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/ journal/view/volume11-issue6-moosavi
Success or Failure of a Dental Implant: It's Relationship to Bone Density: A Case Report of a Failed Implant
Authors: Malik Rajvir , Garg Rachna , Suresh D.K. , Chandna Shalu
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the relationship of bone quality and the prognosis of dental implant.

Background

Reported success rates for dental implants are high. Thus, an implant-supported restoration offers a predictable treatment for tooth replacement. Nevertheless, failures that mandate immediate implant removal do occur.

Case Description

A case involving a 40-yearold male patient who had a missing mandibular left first molar is reported. A mucoperiosteal flap was made using interdental and crevicular incisions. The osteotomy was performed starting with the pilot drill, then the depth of the osteotomy was assessed using the shoulder depth gauge. The site was gradually enlarged using reamers with progressively increasing diameters. The implant (Bicon's Nano Tite™) was then placed. However, three months later at the second stage surgery, the implant was found to be clinically mobile. The surgical site selected in this case had fine trabeculated bone with thin cortical plates (D4 bone) that apparently contributed to the failure of dental implant.

Implant therapy has become common practice and will continue to increase in popularity. This also implies that dental professionals will have to learn more how to deal with implant failure and related complications. Why an implant does not integrate could have a multifactorial etiology.

Clinical Significance

The type and quality of bone available to support a dental implant are very important, so attention should be directed to all the factors responsible for the success or failure of a dental implant. In cases involving D4 bone, one must consider other treatment modalities for replacement of a missing tooth or use caution in the placement of the implants, especially in the high-load-bearing molar areas.

Citation

Malik R, Garg R, Suresh DK, Chandna S. Success or Failure of a Dental Implant: It's Relationship to Bone Density: A Case Report of a Failed Implant. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 December; 11(6):065-072. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue6-malik
Rashmdeep's Method: A Novel Method to Confirm Nasal Breathing
Authors: Nayak Rashmi , Prajapati Deepesh
Published: July 2019

Mouth breathing has been a very prevalent oral habit, especially among children. Common etiologies behind this common occurrence can be physiologic enlargement of lymphoid tissue like adenoids leading to decrease nasopharyngeal airway or allergic rhinitis. The traditional or the latest methods used for diagnosing mouth breathing either are too subjective or cannot be performed in usual dental setups.

This article presents an innovative method to confirm whether patient can breathe through the nose. This can also be used to diagnose any unilateral nasal blockade.

How to cite this article

Prajapati D, Nayak R. Rashmdeep's Method: A Novel Method to Confirm Nasal Breathing. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):ii-iv.
Evaluation of a Digital Measurement Tool to Estimate Working Length in Endodontics
Authors: Lamus Federico , Glaros Alan G. , Katz Jerald O.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare the segmental measurement tool from the Shick Technologies CDR digital system with the conventional film radiography measurement technique to determine preoperative working length. Natural extracted human teeth with varying degrees of root curvature were used. All teeth were imaged using the Shick Technologies CDR direct digital system and conventional E-speed film. Measurements from digital radiography and conventional film were compared with measurements made directly from the endodontic files. The Wilks' Lambda multivariate test was used. The mean measurement of each modality was compared with the other and with the gold standard. The test showed statistically significant differences between the two modalities at p<0.05. The mean measurements for both modalities were not significantly different from the gold standard. The modality most closely approaching the gold standard was the conventional film.
Post-Surgical Hemorrhage: Formation of a “Liver Clot” Secondary to Periodontal Plastic Surgery
Authors: Fowler Edward B. , Breault Lawrence G. , Druckman Richard F.
Published: July 2019

Bleeding is a common sequela of periodontal and oral surgery. Generally, bleeding is self-limiting. Special circumstances require additional procedures to reduce or eliminate active hemorrhage. Occasionally hemorrhage can be under control when a patient is dismissed from their surgical appointment and, subsequently, the patient will experience either slow seepage of blood or extravascular clot formation. This case report describes the unique formation of a “liver clot” or “currant jelly clot” following periodontal plastic surgery. The clotting cascade and common laboratory tests to evaluate bleeding disorders are also presented.
Ridge Augmentation with a Folded Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft: A Case Report
Authors: Fowler Edward B. , Breault Lawrence G.
Published: July 2019

Deformities of the dentoalveloar ridge are usually the result of developmental defects, periodontal disease, trauma, or surgical insult. Various techniques are available to correct ridge defects. In this case presentation, ridge augmentation was achieved utilizing an acellular dermal matrix allograft in lieu of an autograft. This report demonstrated an acceptable esthetic result with a significant improvement in the bucco-lingual dimension of the dental ridge. Color match was judged to be excellent. Furthermore, there was no post-surgical loss in papillae height. This case report illustrates an innovative soft tissue surgical technique for clinicians attempting to correct dentoalveolar ridge defects.

Citation

Fowler EB, Breault LG. Ridge Augmentation with a Folded Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001;(2)3: 031-040.
The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease And Blood Glucose Level Among Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Almas Khalid , Al-Qahtani Mohammed , Al-Yami Marzouk , Khan Nazeer
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between periodontal disease and the blood glucose level among type II non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. Forty subjects, 20 in each group, of healthy and diabetic subjects, ages ranged 20-70 years, were examined at King Saud University, College of Dentistry. Clinical examination included frequency of oral hygiene practices, periodontal status by using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), and random blood glucose level (RBGL). Unstandardized orthopantomograms (OPGs) were taken for radiographic findings. The number of missing teeth (tooth loss) was assessed from the radiographs. The results showed that periodontal disease severity was high among diabetic subjects. Diabetic subjects brushed less frequently, and they had a higher blood glucose level than healthy subjects. The mean CPITN score was compared with mean blood glucose level and the severity of periodontal disease. There was a steady increase in blood glucose level with increase in CPITN scores, i.e., CPITN score 13.5 to 19.12 corresponded with 142 mg/dl and 173.2 mg/dl FBGL, and 184.2 and 199.12 mg/dl RBGL among diabetic subjects. The study indicated that diabetic subjects should improve their oral hygiene practices and control of blood glucose levels should be emphasized. Further studies are needed among diabetics and healthy subjects from the general population with better sampling techniques and a larger sample size.

Citation

Almas K, Al-Qahtani M, Al-Yami M, Khan N. The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease And Blood Glucose Level Among Type II Diabetic Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001 Nov;(2)4: 018-025.
Case Report: Occult Maxillofacial Trauma in Epilepsy
Authors: Aragon Cecilia E. , Burneo Jorge G. , Helman Joseph
Published: July 2019

Epilepsy is a relatively common neurological disorder with incidence in both developed and developing countries. Head, facial, and oral injuries can result from seizures experienced by the epileptic patient. Patients with severe epilepsy often experience other dental disease due to their inability to properly maintain their oral hygiene. This paper presents a case of a chronic mandibular fracture following an episode of seizures in a patient with epilepsy in whom the fracture was discovered when he developed a fistula in the submandibular region.

Citation

Aragon CE, Burneo JG, Helman J. Occult Maxillofacial Trauma in Epilepsy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001 Nov;(2)4: 026-032.
Capabilities of Computerized Clinical Decision Support Systems: The Implications for the Practicing Dental Professional
Authors: Umar Hikmet
Published: July 2019

This article presents the use of captured data within the range of patient care activities of the dental practitioner with an emphasis on prosthodontic activities. It describes the use of computer technology in dentistry during a typical patient encounter in a dental care facility. The oral health record, the need for speech recognition technology, and existing documentation software are discussed. Ongoing development of the capabilities of Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems is becoming an important part of the oral health setting; including systems applicable to prosthodontics. These systems all rely on a common standardized structure for the electronic (oral) health record (EHR/EOHR). Current developments in radiological technology and digital imaging are explained as well as fundamentals of decision support systems clarified. Recent developments in the representation of domain knowledge as well as the implementation of a dental nomenclature and metathesaurus are also presented. A quality matrix identifies target values for dental informatics while demonstrating an “importance-weighting” of dental characteristics.

Citation

Umar H. Capabilities of Computerized Clinical Decision Support Systems: The Implications for the Practicing Dental Professional. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 Feb;(3)1: 027-042.
Managing Practice Statistics for Practice Success
Authors: Schwartz Steven
Published: July 2019

The incorporation of computers into the dental practice has enabled the dentist and staff to quickly access information vital to monitoring practice growth and vitality. Despite the fact this information is available at the click of a mouse, the information available to the dentist and staff is often ignored. Even if an effort is made to assess the data, the dental team is clueless on how to use it to control changing economics in the practice. This is accomplished by charting statistical data collected by the dentist and staff. Compilation of this data enables the dentist and staff to recognize trends that will affect the growth and profitability of the practice and develop strategies that reinforce positive trends and reverse negative trends. This paper discusses the value of using data as a tool for practice management.

Citation

Schwartz S. Managing Practice Statistics for Practice Success. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 Feb;(3)1: 055-068.
The Effect of Salvadora Persica Extract (Miswak) and Chlorahexidine Gluconate on Human Dentin: A SEM Study
Authors: Almas Khalid
Published: July 2019

Bacterial plaque is solely responsible for the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. There are different mechanical and chemical methods available for the maintenance of oral health through plaque control. Toothbrushes and miswak (chewing sticks) are widely used for the mechanical removal of plaque. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) is one of the best-proven anti-plaque agents.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CHX and miswak extract on healthy and periodontally involved human dentin. Sixteen human premolars recently extracted for orthodontic and periodontal reasons were used in the study. Teeth were free from caries, cervical restorations, or erosions. The dentin disc specimens were prepared and half of them were etched with 6% citric acid for 120 sec. Both etched and unetched were further treated with CHX and 50% miswak extract and prepared for Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) examination. It was concluded that CHX 0.2% and miswak extract 50% had a similar effect on dentin in the control group. Miswak extract removed more smear layer as compared to CHX. Further research is needed in vivo to compare the effects of CHX and miswak extract on periodontally involved teeth and teeth with dentinal hypersensitivity.

Citation

Almas K. The Effect of Salvadora Persica Extract (Miswak) and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Human Dentin: A SEM Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 August;(3)3: 027-035.
Getting to Know You
Authors: Schwartz Steven
Published: July 2019

This article provides an insight on two strategies involved in effectively promoting a dental practice. The strategies contain goals that are centered on name recognition and reputation enhancement. The name of the practice should be easy to pronounce, informative and recognizable. The use of effective marketing tools and activities are presented that facilitate these principles. Participation in the community through a variety of activities, offering quality expertise and maintaining a pleasant demeanor are key to enhancing the reputation of the dental practice and its staff.

Citation

Schwartz S. Getting to Know You. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 November;(3)4:054-065.
The Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act and the Practice of Dentistry in the United States: Privacy and Confidentiality
Authors: Chasteen Joseph E. , Murphy Gretchen , Forrey Arden , Heid David
Published: July 2019

This paper introduces the reader to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 legislation in the context of its relationship to the Electronic Oral Health Record (EOHR). Privacy and confidentiality issues for administrative data are addressed in terms of the broader relationship of such data to the EOHR leaving the HIPAA-defined administrative transactions and security issues for the entire practice for a subsequent presentation. Educational requirements are presented that aid the dentist and the practice staff in understanding the broad and long-term implications of the HIPAA legislation.

Citation

Chasteen JE, Murphy G, Forrey A, et.al. The Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act: Practice of Dentistry in the United States: Privacy and Confidentiality. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 February;(4)1:059-070.
Ailing and Failing Endosseous Dental Implants: A Literature Review
Authors: Breault Lawrence G. , Ashley Eric T. , Covington Lemuel L. , Bishop Barry G.
Published: July 2019

Although the overall success rate of implant dentistry is very high, dental implants occasionally fail. It is essential for the clinician to recognize unhealthy implants and to determine whether they are ailing, failing, or failed prior to beginning any salvage efforts. Ailing and failing implants are amenable to therapy. Implants diagnosed as failed should be removed. This review provides the reader with information on non-surgical and surgical therapies available for managing ailing and failing implants. Undoubtedly, the best steps to avoid encountering ailing or failing implants involve proper case selection, excellent surgical technique, placing an adequate restoration on the implant, educating the implant patient to maintain meticulous oral hygiene, and evaluating the implant both clinically and radiographically at frequent recall visits.

Citation

Ashley ET, Covington LL, Bishop BG, Breault LG. Ailing and & Failing Endosseous Dental Implants: A Literature Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:035-050.
Coronal Microleakage Assessed by Polymicrobial Markers
Authors: Britto Leandro Rodrigues , Grimaudo Nicholas J. , Vertucci Frank J.
Published: July 2019

Studies have shown significant bacterial leakage following exposure of sealed root canals to artificial and natural saliva. The objective of this study was to determine contamination via bacterial migration in artificial saliva in endodontically treated teeth using different obturation techniques and sealers. A total of 144 extracted, human mandibular anterior teeth were cleaned and shaped to a #40 master apical file using hand and rotary instrumentation. One hundred and twenty teeth were divided into two experimental groups. The teeth in Group 1 were obturated with gutta-percha using lateral compaction and five different sealers, and the teeth in Group 2 were obturated with gutta-percha using thermomechanical compaction and five different sealers. The remaining 24 teeth were prepared as positive and negative controls. All specimens, except the negative controls, were inoculated every five days with Anaerobic streptococci (NCTC 9891) related to Peptostreptococcus micros and Prevotella intermedia (ATCC 25611). The contamination onset time was continuously recorded and turbid broths cultured for bacteria identification. The controls behaved as expected. Regardless of the combination between obturation techniques and different sealers, all broths became turbid during this experiment. The correlation between the obturation techniques and the sealers revealed statistical significance using ANOVA (p<0.0001), followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test, which determined the ranking between these interactions. The combination of MicroSeal obturation technique with Ketac-Endo sealer allowed a slower rate of coronal-apical bacterial migration.

Citation

Leandro Rodrigues Britto LR, Grimaudo NJ, Vertucci FJ. Coronal Microleakage Assessed by Polymicrobial Markers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 August;(4)3:001-010.
Central Giant cell Granuloma of the Jaws: A Clinical and Radiologic Study
Authors: Güngörmüş Metin , Akgül H. Murat
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to present the clinical and radiological features of 27 cases of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws.

Materials and Methods

This study was carried out on 27 cases diagnosed as CGCG, ranging in age from 8 to 70 years. The patient's age, sex, location of the lesion, expansion caused by the lesion, and greatest diameter were evaluated. Radiographs and radiological descriptions were studied for the features of border definition, radiopacity, locularity, root resorption, tooth displacement, and tooth association. Data were analyzed with Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U-test, and the Student t-test.

Results

It was determined 89% of CGCG occurred prior to the age of 40. Seventy-eight percent of the cases were females. In addition, it was observed that these lesions occurred primarily in the mandible mostly anterior to the molar region. It was determined most of the lesions were multilocular. Unilocular lesions averaged 23.75 mm and multilocular lesions were 53.00 mm. In 24 (89%) cases regular borders were seen, and in three cases diffuse borders were observed. There was bone expansion in 44% of the cases. The cases with bone expansion were 60.00 mm in average size, and the cases without bone expansion were 24.00 mm in average size. Seventy-eight percent of lesions were associated with teeth, and there was tooth displacement in 43% of these lesions. The lesions with tooth displacement were 18.33 mm in average size, and the lesions without tooth displacement were 44.00 mm in average size.

Conclusions

It was determined there is a significant correlation between the locularity, tooth displacement, and bone expansion with the size of the CGCG.

Citation

Güngörmüs M, Akgül HM. Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Jaws: A Clinical and Radiologic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 August;(4)3:087-097.
Prediction of the Size of Un-erupted Permanent Cuspids and Bicuspids in a Saudi Sample: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hashim Hayder A. , Al-Shalan Thakib A.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to produce an estimated equation for the prediction of unerupted cuspids and bicuspids for the Saudi population. In this study, dental casts of 65 Saudi subjects (37 males and 28 females) were used. The subjects’ age ranged from 18 to 25 years. The mesiodistal width of all permanent teeth was measured. The data was subjected to regression analysis. Results showed the Tanaka and Johnston equations overestimate the predicted tooth width of the un-erupted cuspids and bicuspids in Saudis. Results showed the predicted tooth width of Saudis (males and females) is closer to the 50% level of confidence in Moyer's chart. Multiple regression equations were estimated including the sex factor. Accordingly, two equations were estimated for the prediction of the tooth width of the un-erupted cuspids and bicuspids for the Saudi males and females. Based on the results, it can be concluded the 50% data is more accurate than the commonly used percentage Moyer's table (75%) when both sexes are combined. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

Citation

Hashim HA, Al-Shalan TA. Prediction of the Size of Un-erupted Permanent Cuspids and Bicuspids in a Saudi Sample: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:040-053.
Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students
Authors: Almas Khalid , Al-Hawish Abdullah , Al-Khamis Waheed
Published: July 2019

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices and halitosis among undergraduate students from King Saud University, College of Dentistry. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all 481 students; 263 male and 218 female students. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea drinking habits, and tongue coating. The response rate was 77%. Forty four percent of male and 32% of female students reported the self-perception of breath odor. Self-treatment was sought by 12% male and 22% female. Six percent of males and 4% of females experienced bad breath interference at their work. Seventy-eight percent of male and 62% of female students experienced bad breath after waking up. Brushing was prevalent among 81% of male and 99% of female students. Both miswak (chewing sticks) and tooth brushing were used by 53% male and 83% female students. Fifty seven percent of male students and 44% of female students reported caries. Bleeding gingiva was experienced by 26% of males and 14% of females. Dry mouth was common among 14% of males and 17% of females, while smoking was prevalent among 13% of males and 2% of females. Tea drinking was common among 44% of males and 37% of females, while tongue coating was equally common among both males and females (21% and 20%), respectively. The results indicate female students had better oral hygiene practices, significantly less self-reported oral bad breath, and smoked less compared to male students. There was no difference in tongue coating among male and female students. Further research is needed to examine oral malodor clinically and objectively by the standard procedures available. Students should be motivated to be a health symbol and keeping their mouths free from oral malodor.

Citation

Almas K, Al-Hawish A, Al-Khamis W. Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:077-090.
Influence of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on the Penetration Depth of Different Sealers
Authors: Tinaz A. Cemal , Sibel karadağ L. , Mıhçioğlu Tansev
Published: July 2019

Correct use of instruments and irrigating solutions are major factors during chemo-mechanical preparation of root canals. Ultrasonically activated files and solutions are used for debridement of canals. In this study 42 single rooted anterior human teeth were used. The roots were divided into two groups. One group received an application of 17% ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) of 1 ml for 1 min using an ultrasonically energized file. The other group received an application of 17% EDTA of 1 ml for 0.5 min using an ultrasonically energized file. The groups were divided again into two subgroups. The roots were filled with a resin based sealer, AH26 and a glass ionomer sealer – Endion with lateral condensation technique. The roots were separated into two halves. The specimens were viewed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical differences between the groups and regions were analyzed with Variance and Duncan tests. Under the conditions of this study, it can be said that ultrasonically activated irrigation did not reduce the smear layer effectively at 1 min and 0.5 min time intervals. According to this result, no difference was observed between the penetration of sealers.

Citation

Karadağ LS, Mıhçıoğlu T, Tınaz AC. Influence of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on the Penetration Depth of Different Sealers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 February;(5)1:115-125.
Nuclear Medicine in Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnosis: A Review for the Practicing Dental Professional
Authors: Baur Dale A. , Heston Thomas F. , Helman Joseph I.
Published: July 2019

Nuclear medicine studies often play a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases. While not commonly used in everyday dental practice, the dental provider should have a conversational knowledge of these imaging modalities and understand the indications and limitations of these studies. The purpose of this review is to discuss the nuclear medicine studies that have applications in the head and neck region as well as their indications, limitations, and diagnostic conclusions that can be drawn from these studies.

Citation

Baur DA, Heston TF, Helman JI. Nuclear Medicine in Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnosis: A Review for the Practicing Dental Professional. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 February;(5)1:094-104.
Labial Veneers in the Management of Desquamative Gingivitis: Report of a Case
Authors: Chandra Rampalli Viswa , Pandurang Pratibha , Bhat Khandige Mahalinga
Published: July 2019

Desquamative gingivitis is a condition characterized by intense erythema, ulceration, and desquamation of the free and attached gingiva. Approximately 50% of desquamative gingivitis cases occur on the gingival tissues though it is not uncommon at other intraoral and extraoral sites. Though topical corticosteroids are considered the mainstays in the treatment of desquamative gingivitis, the inability of these medicaments to be in contact with the affected sites for longer duration has been implicated as a factor in reducing the efficacy of this mode of treatment. The case presented here is of a 24-year old male with desquamative gingivitis of 3 years duration. Topical corticosteroid therapy using custom-made acrylic veneers was utilized in the patient with remarkable results. This paper highlights the use of acrylic labial veneers over the gingival tissue as a vehicle for delivering medication and as a way to improve aesthetics.

Citation

Chandra RV, Pandurang P, Bhat KM. Labial Veneers in the Management of Desquamative Gingivitis: Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:122-132.
Multiple Dentoalveolar Traumatic Lesions: Report of a Case and Proposition of Dental Polytrauma as a New Term
Authors: Martins Wilson Denis , Westphalen Vania Portela Ditzel , Westphalen Fernando Henrique , Souza Paulo Henrique Couto
Published: July 2019

Traumatic injuries to permanent teeth are common, and dramatic episodes can occur during childhood. The aim of this paper is to present a report of severe trauma to the orofacial complex of an 8-year old girl that resulted in multiple injuries. The use of the term “dental polytrauma” (concomitant different dental traumatic injuries) is advocated in this case presentation.

Citation

Martins WD, Westphalen FH, Ditzel Westphalen VP, Souza PHC. Multiple Dentoalveolar Traumatic Lesions: Report of a Case and Proposition of Dental Polytrauma as a New Term. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:139-147.
Survey of Dental Prophylaxes Rendered by Pediatric Dentists in New England
Authors: Nainar S.M. Hashim , Redford-Badwal Deborah A.
Published: July 2019

Background

The objective of this anonymous postal survey was to assess the provision of dental prophylaxis by pediatric dentists in New England.

Methods

The questionnaire survey was sent by first class mail in September, 2001 to all 217 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) members in active private practice in the six New England States of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. A self-addressed, stamped envelope was provided to facilitate the returned response.

Results

The survey had a response rate of 70%. Most practitioners (93%) routinely recommended dental prophylaxis for their recall patients. The proportion of practitioners who considered the following indications for recommending dental prophylaxis was: plaque, stain, and/or calculus removal – 99%; caries prevention – 75%; prior to topical fluoride application - 82%; prior to sealant application - 58%; and for behavioral modification - 68%. Almost two thirds of the practitioners (62%) defined dental prophylaxis as referring to both rubber cup pumice prophylaxis as well as to toothbrush prophylaxis. However, only one in four practitioners (26%) had modified her/his clinical practice to substitute toothbrush prophylaxis in lieu of rubber cup pumice prophylaxis.

Conclusion

Pediatric dentists in New England routinely provide dental prophylaxis to their recall patients.

Citation

Nainar SMH, Redford-Badwal DA. Survey of Dental Prophylaxes Rendered by Pediatric Dentists in New England . J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:014-022.