bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMT is associated with an epigenetic signature of ECM remodeling genes
Authors: Peixoto Paul , Etcheverry Amandine , Aubry Marc , Missey Anaïs , Lachat Camille , Perrard Jérôme , Hendrick Elodie , Delage-Mourroux Régis , Mosser Jean , Borg Christophe , Feugeas Jean-Paul , Herfs Michaël , Boyer-Guittaut Michaël , Hervouet Eric
Published: February 2019

Type III epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been previously associated with increased cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and therefore cancer aggressiveness. This reversible process is associated with an important gene expression reprogramming mainly due to epigenetic plasticity. Nevertheless, most of the studies describing the central role of epigenetic modifications during EMT were performed in a single-cell model and using only one mode of EMT induction. In our study, we studied the overall modulations of gene expression and epigenetic modifications in four different EMT-induced cell models issued from different tissues and using different inducers of EMT. Pangenomic analysis (transcriptome and ChIP–sequencing) validated our hypothesis that gene expression reprogramming during EMT is largely regulated by epigenetic modifications of a wide range of genes. Indeed, our results confirmed that each EMT model is unique and can be associated with a specific transcriptome profile and epigenetic program. However, we could select some genes or pathways that are similarly regulated in the different models and that could therefore be used as a common signature of all EMT models and become new biomarkers of the EMT phenotype. As an example, we can cite the regulation of gene-coding proteins involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are highly induced in all EMT models. Based on our investigations and results, we identified ADAM19 as a new biomarker of in vitro and in vivo EMT and we validated this biological new marker in a cohort of non-small lung carcinomas.
miR-215 suppresses papillary thyroid cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion through the AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling by targeting ARFGEF1
Authors: Han Jihua , Zhang Meiyin , Nie Chunlei , Jia Jinliang , Wang Fengyue , Yu Jiawei , Bi Wen , Liu Bo , Sheng Ruinan , He Guoqing , Kong Lingyu , Zheng Lingling , Pang Rui , Ding Zhaoming , Chen Lili , Guan Qiang , Pan Shangha , Meng Xianzhi , Xu Jin , Liu Lianxin , Zhang Jiewu
Published: February 2019

The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has been rapidly increasing in recent years. PTC is prone to lymph node metastasization, which further increases the recurrence rate and mortality of thyroid cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of this process remain elusive. Several reports have shown that the microRNA miR-215 plays an important role in cancer metastasis. Here, we investigated, for the first time, the potential association between miR-215 and metastasis in PTC. The results of qPCR analysis demonstrated that miR-215 was downregulated in PTC cell lines and tissues, and lower levels of miR-215 correlated with lymph node metastasis of PTC. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed that restoration of miR-215 dramatically inhibited PTC cell proliferation and metastasis. We identified ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide-exchange factor 1 (ARFGEF1) as the target, which mediated the function of miR-215. The expression of ARFGEF1 was inhibited by miR-215, and the effects of miR-215 were abrogated by re-expression of ARFGEF1. Moreover, we found that miR-215 suppressed PTC metastasis by modulating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition via the AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling. In summary, our study proves that miR-215 inhibits PTC proliferation and metastasis by targeting ARFGEF1 and indicates miR-215 as a biomarker for PTC prognosis.
Rice Blast Disease Recognition Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liang Wan-jie , Zhang Hong , Zhang Gu-feng , Cao Hong-xin
Published: February 2019

Rice disease recognition is crucial in automated rice disease diagnosis systems. At present, deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is generally considered the state-of-the-art solution in image recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel rice blast recognition method based on CNN. A dataset of 2906 positive samples and 2902 negative samples is established for training and testing the CNN model. In addition, we conduct comparative experiments for qualitative and quantitatively analysis in our evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed method. The evaluation results show that the high-level features extracted by CNN are more discriminative and effective than traditional hand-crafted features including local binary patterns histograms (LBPH) and Haar-WT (Wavelet Transform). Moreover, quantitative evaluation results indicate that CNN with Softmax and CNN with support vector machine (SVM) have similar performances, with higher accuracy, larger area under curve (AUC), and better receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves than both LBPH plus an SVM as the classifier and Haar-WT plus an SVM as the classifier. Therefore, our CNN model is a top performing method for rice blast disease recognition and can be potentially employed in practical applications.
Proteomic analysis reveals a protective role of specific macrophage subsets in liver repair
Authors: Yang Wenting , Zhao Xinyuan , Tao Yuandong , Wu Yan , He Fuchu , Tang Li
Published: February 2019

Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that play central roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the resolution of inflammation. Although diverse macrophage subpopulations have been identified, the characterization and functional specialization of certain macrophage subsets in inflamed tissues remain unclear. Here we uncovered a key role of specific macrophage subsets in tissue repair using proteomics, bioinformatics and functional analysis. We isolated two hepatic monocyte-derived macrophage subpopulations: Ly6ChiCX3CR1lo macrophages and Ly6CloCX3CR1hi macrophages during distinct phases of acute liver injury and employed label-free proteomics approach to profile the proteome of these cells. We found that the endocytosis- and apoptotic cell clearance-related proteins were specifically enriched in Ly6CloCX3CR1hi macrophages at the resolution phase. Intriguingly, 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox15), the most strongly up-regulated protein in Ly6CloCX3CR1hi macrophages, was identified as a specific marker for these macrophages. In co-culture systems, Ly6CloCX3CR1hi macrophages specifically induced hepatocyte proliferation. Furthermore, selective depletion of this population in CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor mice significantly delayed liver repair. Overall, our studies shed light on the functional specialization of distinct macrophage subsets from different phases in the resolution of inflammation.
Cytoprotective effects of Avenathramide C against oxidative and inflammatory stress in normal human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Wang Chenxuan , Eskiw Christopher H.
Published: February 2019

Natural polyphenols are promising anti-aging compounds not only for their antioxidant activity, but also their ability to activate specific cellular pathways mediating the aging process. Avenanthramide C (Avn C), found exclusively in oats, is a natural antioxidant associated with free radical scavenging; however, it is how this compound elicits other protective effects. We investigated the intracellular antioxidant activity of Avn C and other cytoprotective potential in normal human skin fibroblasts exposed to extracellular stress. Avn C reduced H2O2-induced oxidative stress by reducing intracellular free radical levels and antioxidant gene transcripts. Avn C also resulted in decreased levels of gene transcripts encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to H2O2 or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). This reduction in cytokine gene transcription occurred concomitantly with reduced phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and decreased NF-κB DNA binding. Avn C further induced heme oxygense-1 (HO-1) expression through increased Nrf2 DNA binding activity, demonstrating a second mechanism by which Avn C attenuates cellular stress. Collectively, our findings indicate that Avn C protects normal human skin fibroblasts against oxidative stress and inflammatory response through NF-κB inhibition and Nrf2/HO-1 activation.
Metabolomic and transcriptomic changes underlying cold and anaerobic stresses after storage of table grapes
Authors: Maoz Itay , De Rosso Mirko , Kaplunov Tatiana , Vedova Antonio Dalla , Sela Noa , Flamini Riccardo , Lewinsohn Efraim , Lichter Amnon
Published: February 2019

The currently accepted paradigm is that fruits and vegetables should be consumed fresh and that their quality deteriorates during storage; however, there are indications that some metabolic properties can, in fact, be improved. We examined the effects of low temperature and high-CO2conditions on table grapes,Vitis viniferaL. cv. ‘Superior Seedless’. Berries were sampled at harvest (T0) and after low-temperature storage for 6 weeks under either normal atmosphere conditions (TC) or under an O2level of 5 kPa and elevated CO2levels of 5, 10 or 15 kPa (T5, T10, T15). Accumulation of 10 stilbenes, includingE-ε-viniferin,E-miyabenol C and piceatannol, significantly increased under TC treatment as compared to T0 or T15. Sensory analysis demonstrated that elevated CO2elicited dose-dependent off-flavor accumulation. These changes were accompanied by an accumulation of 12 volatile metabolites, e.g., ethyl acetate and diacetyl, that imparted disagreeable flavors to fresh fruit. Transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment of genes involved in pyruvate metabolism and the phenylpropanoid pathway. One of the transcription factors induced at low temperature but not under high CO2wasVvMYB14, which regulates stilbene biosynthesis. Our findings reveal the potential to alter the levels of targeted metabolites in stored produce through understanding the effects of postharvest treatments.
Association between Thalamocortical Functional Connectivity Abnormalities and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Authors: Chen Pinhong , Ye Enmao , Jin Xiao , Zhu Yuyang , Wang Lubin
Published: February 2019

Cognitive deficits are considered a core component of schizophrenia and may predict functional outcome. However, the neural underpinnings of neuropsychological impairment remain to be fully elucidated. Data of 59 schizophrenia patients and 72 healthy controls from a public resting-state fMRI database was employed in our study. Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Battery was used to measure deficits of cognitive abilities in schizophrenia. Neural correlates of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia were examined by linear regression analysis of the thalamocortical network activity with scores of seven cognitive domains. We confirmed the combination of reduced prefrontal-thalamic connectivity and increased sensorimotor-thalamic connectivity in patients with schizophrenia. Correlation analysis with cognition revealed that in schizophrenia (1) the thalamic functional connectivity in the bilateral pre- and postcentral gyri was negatively correlated with attention/vigilance and speed of processing (Pearson’s r ≤ −0.443, p ≤ 0.042, FWE corrected), and positively correlated with patients’ negative symptoms (Pearson’s r ≥ 0.375, p ≤ 0.003, FWE corrected); (2) the thalamic functional connectivity in the right cerebellum was positively correlated with speed of processing (Pearson’s r = 0.388, p = 0.01, FWE corrected). Our study demonstrates that thalamic hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor areas is related to the severity of cognitive deficits and clinical symptoms, and extends our understanding of the neural underpinnings of “cognitive dysmetria” in schizophrenia.
Standardized assay for assessment of minimal residual disease in blood, bone marrow and apheresis from patients with plasma cell myeloma
Authors: Blum Agnieszka , Haussmann Katy , Streitz Mathias , Schlickeiser Stephan , Tietze-Buerger Carola , Blau Igor Wolfgang , Uharek Lutz
Published: February 2019

The recent advances in myeloma treatment result in significantly better outcomes, defined as increased progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Since there is a proven correlation between the extend of response and prolonged survival, there is an urgent need for highly sensitive assays for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD). Next generation flow cytometry has become a valuable approach for sensitive evaluation of the depth of complete response (CR). Here, we report the diagnostic performance and validation results of a single-tube 9-color panel assay. The validation design included intra-assay analysis measuring accuracy, inter-assay analysis estimating method’s linearity and precision and inter-assay analysis evaluating repeatability. Furthermore, in inter-operator analysis assessed the comparability of the result analysis of different operators. Staining stability was evaluated in age-of-stain experiments. Our validation results show that a reliable detection of residual myeloma cells is feasible to a detection level of 10−5with a single-tube assay for a variety of materials (peripheral blood, bone marrow and stem cell apheresis). This study establishes highly sensitive, fully standardized approach for MRD detection in myeloma that is ready for implementation in routine diagnostic laboratories.
Testing a Cognitive Control Model of Human Intelligence
Authors: Chen Yu , Spagna Alfredo , Wu Tingting , Kim Tae Hyeong , Wu Qiong , Chen Caiqi , Wu Yanhong , Fan Jin
Published: February 2019

The definition of human intelligence and its underlying psychological constructs have long been debated. Although previous studies have investigated the fundamental cognitive functions determining intellectual abilities, such as the broadly defined executive functions including working memory, the core process has yet to be identified. A potential candidate for such a role might be cognitive control, a psychological construct for the coordination of thoughts and actions under conditions of uncertainty. In this study, we tested a cognitive control model of intellectual ability by examining the association between cognitive control, measured by a perceptual decision-making task and by the attention network test, and general intelligence including components of fluid intelligence (Gf, concerning the ability to solve problems by abstraction) and crystalized intelligence (Gc, related to learning from prior knowledge and experience) measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. We also examined the potential role of cognitive control as a core process involved in another determinant of intellectual abilities, the working memory, measured by the N-back tasks and the working memory complex span tasks. The relationship among intelligence, cognitive control, and working memory was examined using structural equation modeling. Results showed that cognitive control shared a large amount of variance with working memory and both measures were strongly associated with Gf and Gc, with a stronger association with Gf than Gc. These findings suggest that cognitive control, serving as a core construct of executive functions, contributes substantially to general intellectual ability, especially fluid intelligence.
Loss of periodontal ligament fibroblasts by RIPK3-MLKL-mediated necroptosis in the progress of chronic periodontitis
Authors: Shi J. , Li J. , Su W. , Zhao S. , Li H. , Lei L.
Published: February 2019

Periodontal homeostasis is maintained by the dynamic equilibrium between cell death, differentiation and proliferation of resident cells in the periodontal microenvironment. Loss of resident periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) has been a major challenge in the periodontal treatment. This study aimed to investigate the exact role of necroptotic cell death in periodontal diseases. Elevated levels of receptor-interacting protein serine-threonine kinases -1 (RIPK1), phosphorylated RIPK3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), phosphorylated MLKL and FLIPL were observed in gingival tissues collected from patients with untreated chronic periodontitis; whereas no difference in caspase 8 was observed between the periodontitis and healthy control group. In contrast to the high incidence of necroptotic cell death in monocytes during live P. gingivalis infection with a low multiplicity of infection (MOI), necroptosis was only observed in PDLFs with a high MOI. Priming PDLFs with frozen thawed monocytes enhanced proinflammatory responses to P. gingivalis infection; moreover, frozen thawed monocytes stimulation triggered RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL-mediated-necroptotic cell death in PDLFs. These results indicated that RIPK3 and MLKL-mediated-necroptotic cell death participated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, and DAMPs released from monocytes after P. gingivalis stimulation by necroptosis triggered not only inflammatory responses, but also necroptosis of PDLFs.
Stability evaluation of ZnO nanosheet based source-gated transistors
Authors: Dahiya A. S. , Sporea R. A. , Poulin-Vittrant G. , Alquier D.
Published: February 2019

Semiconducting nanostructures are one of the potential candidates to accomplish low-temperature and solution-based device assembly processes for the fabrication of transistors that offer practical solutions toward realizing low-cost flexible electronics. Meanwhile, it has been shown that by introducing a contact barrier, in a specific transistor configuration, stable device operation can be achieved at much reduced power consumption. In this work, we investigate both one-dimensional ZnO nanowires (NWs) and two-dimensional nanosheets (NSs) for high performance and stable nano-transistors on conventional Si/SiO2 substrates. We have fabricated two variant of transistors based on nanoscale single-crystalline oxide materials: field-effect transistors (FETs) and source-gated transistors (SGTs). Stability tests are performed on both devices with respect to gate bias stress at three different regimes of transistor operation, namely off-state, on-state and sub-threshold state. While in the off-state, FETs shows comparatively better stability than SGTs devices, in both sub-threshold and on-state regimes of transistors, SGTs clearly exhibits better robustness against bias stress variability. The present investigation experimentally demonstrates the potential advantages of SGTs over FETs as driver transistor for AMOLEDs display circuits which require very high stability in OLED driving current.
Protease-activated receptor 2 protects against VEGF inhibitor-induced glomerular endothelial and podocyte injury
Authors: Oe Yuji , Fushima Tomofumi , Sato Emiko , Sekimoto Akiyo , Kisu Kiyomi , Sato Hiroshi , Sugawara Junichi , Ito Sadayoshi , Takahashi Nobuyuki
Published: February 2019

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors cause glomerular injury. We have recently shown that activation of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) by factor Xa exacerbated diabetic kidney disease. However, the role of PAR2 in glomerular injury induced by VEGF blockade is not known. Herein, we investigated the effect of the lack of PAR2 on VEGF inhibitor-induced glomerular injury. Although administering an anti-VEGF antibody by itself did not show renal phenotype in wild type mice, its administration to mice lacking endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) caused glomerular injury. Different from what we expected, administration of an anti-VEGF antibody in mice lacking PAR2 and eNOS exacerbated albuminuria and reduced the expression levels of CD31, pro-angiogenic VEGF, and angiogenesis-related chemokines in their kidneys. Podocyte injury was also evident in this model of mice lacking PAR2. Our results suggest that PAR2 is protective against VEGF inhibitor-induced glomerular endothelial and podocyte injury.
Author Correction: T-cell tolerance and exhaustion in the clearance of Echinococcus multilocularis: role of inoculum size in a quantitative hepatic experimental model
Authors: Zhang Chuanshan , Shao Yingmei , Yang Shuting , Bi Xiaojuan , Li Liang , Wang Hui , Yang Ning , Li Zhide , Sun Cheng , Li Liang , Lü Guodong , Aji Tuerganaili , Vuitton Dominique A. , Lin Renyong , Wen Hao
Published: February 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Concentration-adjustable micromixers using droplet injection into a microchannel
Authors: Sakurai Ryosuke , Yamamoto Ken , Motosuke Masahiro
Published: February 2019

A novel micromixing technique that enhances mixing by injecting immiscible droplets into a mixing channel is developed.
Accurate and selective quantification of anthrax protective antigen in plasma by immunocapture and isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Solano Maria I. , Woolfitt Adrian R. , Boyer Anne E. , Lins Renato C. , Isbell Katie , Gallegos-Candela Maribel , Moura Hercules , Pierce Carrie L. , Barr John R.
Published: February 2019

The impact of anthrax PA levels during anthrax infections can be assessed by a novel Ab-capture, tryptic digest LC-MS/MS method.
Zein/gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite nanofibrous scaffolds are biocompatible and promote osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Ou Qianmin , Miao Yingling , Yang Fanqiao , Lin Xuefeng , Zhang Li-Ming , Wang Yan
Published: February 2019

In bone tissue engineering, it is important for biomaterials to promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells to achieve tissue regeneration.
Directed evolution of the optoelectronic properties of synthetic nanomaterials
Authors: Lambert Benjamin , Gillen Alice J. , Schuergers Nils , Wu Shang-Jung , Boghossian Ardemis A.
Published: February 2019

We present the use of directed evolution for the engineering of the optoelectronic properties of DNA-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes (DNA-SWCNTs).
Design of specific inhibitors of quinolinate synthase based on [4Fe–4S] cluster coordination
Authors: Saez Cabodevilla Jaione , Volbeda Anne , Hamelin Olivier , Latour Jean-Marc , Gigarel Océane , Clémancey Martin , Darnault Claudine , Reichmann Debora , Amara Patricia , Fontecilla-Camps Juan C. , Ollagnier de Choudens Sandrine
Published: February 2019

A multidisciplinary approach allowed to identify specific inhibitors of quinolinate synthase, a [4Fe–4S]-containing enzyme involved in the formation of quinolinic acid and their action mode.
Temperature dependence of the cooperative out-of-equilibrium elastic switching in a spin-crossover material
Authors: Bertoni Roman , Collet Eric , Cailleau Hervé , Boillot Marie-Laure , Tissot Antoine , Laisney Jérôme , Enachescu Cristian , Lorenc Maciej
Published: February 2019

We explore the key parameters that influence the efficiency of the cooperative low-spin to high-spin conversion through long range elastic intermolecular interactions during the so-called elastic step, triggered by instantaneous photo-induced conversion.
Tuning the magnetic properties of beryllium chains
Authors: Battaglia Stefano , Faginas-Lago Noelia , Leininger Thierry , Evangelisti Stefano
Published: February 2019

In this work we explore the effect of confining beryllium chains inside carbon nanotubes.
Prediction of intrinsic two dimensional ferromagnetism realized quantum anomalous Hall effect
Authors: Li Ping
Published: February 2019

The monolayer of FeX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) possesses a quantum anomalous Hall insulating phase generated by the honeycomb lattice of iron atoms.
The role of ligand to metal charge-transfer states on the luminescence of Europium complexes with 18-membered macrocyclic ligands
Authors: Nonat Aline , Esteban-Gómez David , Valencia Laura , Pérez-Lourido Paulo , Barriada José Luis , Charbonnière Loïc J. , Platas-Iglesias Carlos
Published: February 2019

The stabilization of a divalent Europium provides an efficient pathway for the quenching of the luminescence in ten-coordinate macrocyclic complexes.
Towards an atomistic understanding of electrocatalytic partial hydrocarbon oxidation: propene on palladium
Authors: Winiwarter Anna , Silvioli Luca , Scott Soren B. , Enemark-Rasmussen Kasper , Sariç Manuel , Trimarco Daniel B. , Vesborg Peter C. K. , Moses Poul G. , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Seger Brian , Rossmeisl Jan , Chorkendorff Ib
Published: February 2019

High coverage of the catalyst surface generated by in situ degradation of propene steers the reaction towards allylic oxidation.
Mechanistic studies on the antibacterial behavior of Ag nanoparticles decorated with carbon dots having different oxidation degrees
Authors: Xu Ziqiang , He Hang , Zhang Shuyuan , Wang Beibei , Jin Jiancheng , Li Cao , Chen Xueqin , Jiang Bingbing , Liu Yi
Published: February 2019

The antibacterial mechanism of CDs@AgNPs is interpreted clearly in the perspective of nano/cell interface interactions.
Direct hot-carrier transfer in plasmonic catalysis
Authors: Kumar Priyank V. , Rossi Tuomas P. , Kuisma Mikael , Erhart Paul , Norris David J.
Published: February 2019

An ab initio computational study of direct hot-carrier transfer at metal–molecule interfaces with relevance to plasmonic catalysis.
Funneling aromatic products of chemically depolymerized lignin into 2-pyrone-4-6-dicarboxylic acid withNovosphingobium aromaticivorans
Authors: Perez Jose M. , Kontur Wayne S. , Alherech Manar , Coplien Jason , Karlen Steven D. , Stahl Shannon S. , Donohue Timothy J. , Noguera Daniel R.
Published: February 2019

Lignin is an aromatic heteropolymer found in plant biomass.
Eucalyptol: a new solvent for the synthesis of heterocycles containing oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen
Authors: Campos Joana F. , Scherrmann Marie-Christine , Berteina-Raboin Sabine
Published: February 2019

We report here the first investigation of the use of eucalyptol as a new solvent for organic transformations.
Quantitative speciation analysis for thein vivostudy of iron metabolism and bioavailability from formula milk fortified with stable isotope enriched iron oxo-hydroxide nanoparticles
Authors: Alves Peixoto Rafaella Regina , Fernández-Menéndez Sonia , Fernández-Colomer Belén , Cadore Solange , Sanz-Medel Alfredo , Fernández-Sánchez María Luisa
Published: February 2019

For the first time, the study of iron metabolism and bioavailability, administered as stable iron isotope enriched nanoparticles, was carried out by speciation analysis.
A platform for artificial intelligence based identification of the extravasation potential of cancer cells into the brain metastatic niche
Authors: Oliver C. Ryan , Altemus Megan A. , Westerhof Trisha M. , Cheriyan Hannah , Cheng Xu , Dziubinski Michelle , Wu Zhifen , Yates Joel , Morikawa Aki , Heth Jason , Castro Maria G. , Leung Brendan M. , Takayama Shuichi , Merajver Sofia D.
Published: February 2019

Brain metastases are the most lethal complication of advanced cancer; therefore, it is critical to identify when a tumor has the potential to metastasize to the brain.
A foldable isothermal amplification microdevice for fuchsin-based colorimetric detection of multiple foodborne pathogens
Authors: Trinh Thi Ngoc Diep , Lee Nae Yoon
Published: February 2019

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with fuchsin-based colorimetric detection in a foldable microdevice for rapid and multiplex identification of foodborne pathogens.
Non-spherical micro- and nanoparticles in nanomedicine
Authors: Zhu Xingjun , Vo Chau , Taylor Madelynn , Smith Bryan Ronain
Published: February 2019

This review provides insights into the role of particle geometry in biomedical applications.
Fluorescent organotin compounds as dyes in silk fibroin (Bombyx mori): ultrasound-assisted synthesis, chemo-optical characterization, cytotoxicity, and confocal fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Berrones-Reyes Jessica C. , Muñoz-Flores Blanca M. , Molina-Paredes Abigail , Ibarra Rodríguez Marisol , Rodríguez-Ortega Alejandro , Dias H. V. Rasika , Jiménez-Pérez Víctor M.
Published: February 2019

The fluorescent silk fibroin (FSF) is useful in a number of biomedical applications.
Electrophoretic size fractionation of graphene oxide nanosheets
Authors: Davardoostmanesh Maryam , Goharshadi Elaheh K. , Ahmadzadeh Hossein
Published: February 2019

Size fractionation of polydispersed graphene oxide (GO) into highly monodispersed fractions by electrophoresis is reported. The smallest fraction with nanosheets of approximately the same size shows photoluminescence properties.
A tetrathiafulvalene vinylogue-based double-layer polymer thin film as a highly sensitive and selective TNT sensor
Authors: Shahrokhi Farshid , Zhao Yuming
Published: February 2019

A double-layer redox-active polymer thin film acts as a highly efficient TNT electrochemical sensor.
Dehydroamino acids: chemical multi-tools for late-stage diversification
Authors: Bogart Jonathan W. , Bowers Albert A.
Published: February 2019

α,β-Dehydroamino acids (dhAAs) are noncanonical amino acids that are found in a wide array of natural products and can be easily installed into peptides and proteins.
Reversible dielectric switching behavior of a 1D coordination polymer induced by photo and thermal irradiation
Authors: Sima Jia-Yun , Li Hong-Xi , Young David J. , Braunstein Pierre , Lang Jian-Ping
Published: February 2019

Switchable dielectric relaxation is achieved through photocycloaddition/reversion within a 1D coordination polymer on thermal and photo irradiation.
Single-side and double-side swing behaviours of a flexible porous coordination polymer with a rhombic-lattice structure
Authors: Mo Zong-Wen , Huang Ning-Yu , Wang Chao , Ye Zi-Ming , Zhou Hao-Long , Zhou Dong-Dong , Lin Rui-Biao , Chen Xiao-Ming , Zhang Jie-Peng
Published: February 2019

A rhombic porous coordination polymer can show special reversible–irreversible structural transformations with single-side and double-side swing, as well as sophisticated bond reconstitution behaviours.
Tetrel bonds and conformational equilibria in the formamide–CO2 complex: a rotational study
Authors: Gao Shuang , Obenchain Daniel A. , Lei Juncheng , Feng Gang , Herbers Sven , Gou Qian , Grabow Jens-Uwe
Published: February 2019

Rotational studies point out that two isomers of the formamide–CO2 complex are stabilized by the dominated C⋯O tetrel bond.
Design of a structure-based model for protein folding from flexible conformations
Authors: Rubio Ana M. , Rey Antonio
Published: February 2019

We introduce a coarse-grained, structure-based model for protein folding that considers the flexibility of the native state in the definition of the model interactions.
Impairment of the autophagy-related lysosomal degradation pathway by an anticancer rhenium(i) complex
Authors: He Liang , Pan Zheng-Yin , Qin Wei-Wei , Li Yi , Tan Cai-Ping , Mao Zong-Wan
Published: February 2019

A Re(i) complex induces autophagy, which is arrested at the lysosomal stage due to lysosomal dysfunction, and inhibits tumor growth in vivo.
Isolation of ligand-centered borocations in molybdenum complexes containing a triaminoborane-bridged diphosphorus ligand
Authors: Lee Kyounghoon , Kim Chan Woo , Buckley Jimmy L. , Vlaisavljevich Bess , Daly Scott R.
Published: February 2019

Metal complexes that form isolable, ligand-centered borenium ions (i.e. reactive three-coordinate boron cations) are rare, especially with highly-versatile diphosphorus ligands.
Accurate and precise determination of Lu and Hf contents and Hf isotopic composition at the sub-nanogram level in geological samples using MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Ma Qian , Yang Ming , Zhao Han , Evans Noreen J. , Chu Zhu-Yin , Xie Lie-Wen , Huang Chao , Zhao Zhi-Dan , Yang Yue-Heng
Published: February 2019

We describe protocols for highly reproducible analysis of Lu and Hf contents and Hf isotopic composition at sub-nanogram levels in geological samples by MC-ICP-MS.
Correction: Novel formation of Bi@BiFe-glycolate hollow spheres and their conversion into Bi2O3/BiFeO3 composite hollow spheres with enhanced activity and durability in visible photocatalysis
Authors: Yang Xu , Meng Junsheng , Wang Yu , Meng Qingqiang , Hu Yongyuan , Di Andi , Wu Yuehan , Chen Gang
Published: February 2019

Correction for ‘Novel formation of Bi@BiFe-glycolate hollow spheres and their conversion into Bi2O3/BiFeO3 composite hollow spheres with enhanced activity and durability in visible photocatalysis’ by Xu Yang et al., New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 10697–10703.
High photodynamic activities of water-soluble inclusion complexes of 5,15-diazaporphyrins in cyclodextrin
Authors: Satake Shuhei , Shinmori Hideyuki , Kawabata Shigeki , Sugikawa Kouta , Funabashi Hisakage , Kuroda Akio , Ikeda Atsushi
Published: February 2019

Inclusion complexes of 5,15-diazaporphyrin derivatives in trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin exhibited high photodynamic activity under visible-light irradiation at wavelengths greater than 620 nm.
Gold catalysed transformation of 2-arylindoles to terphenyl amines via 3-dienyl indoles and Brønsted acid promoted formation of 2-carboxyindoles to 3-indenylindoles via 3-allenylindoles
Authors: Uruvakili Anasuyamma , Kumara Swamy K. C.
Published: February 2019

Gold catalysed reactions of 3-dienyl-indoles (or 2-arylindoles with propargylic alcohols) afford terphenylamines, while indole-2-carboxylates give 3-indenylindoles under p-TsOH mediation.
Transition-metal-free decarboxylative C3-difluoroarylmethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with α,α-difluoroarylacetic acids
Authors: Hong Guangfeng , Yuan Jinwei , Fu Junhao , Pan Guoyong , Wang Zhengwang , Yang Liangru , Xiao Yongmei , Mao Pu , Zhang Xiangmin
Published: February 2019

A facile and efficient transition-metal-free decarboxylative radical coupling reaction of α,α-difluoroarylacetic acids with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones has been developed under mild conditions.
Synthesis, thermal and surface activity of cationic single chain metal hybrid surfactants and their interaction with microbes and proteins
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Garg Preeti , Kaur Baljinder , Chaudhary Ganga Ram , Kumar Sandeep , Dilbaghi Neeraj , Hassan P. A. , Aswal V. K.
Published: February 2019

An interaction study of series of newly synthesized transition metal based metallosurfactants with model protein BSA has been carried out.
Collective oscillation in dense suspension of self-propelled chiral rods
Authors: Liu Yan , Yang Yuguang , Li Bo , Feng Xi-Qiao
Published: February 2019

Self-propelled chiral rods perform circular motions and generate periodic separation and proximity when they aggregate, leading to collective oscillation in stark contrast to that in an achiral system.
Prognostic value of some inflammatory markers in patients with lymphoma
Authors: Hamed Anber Nahla , EL-Sebaie Ahmed H. , Darwish Noureldien H.E. , Mousa Shaker A. , Shamaa Sameh S.
Published: February 2019

Background: Lymphoma is a group of blood cell tumors which develop from lymphocytes. The main forms of lymphoma are Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-HL (NHL). Cytokines may contribute to lymphoma and they are related to risk NHL and HL. Aim: Assessment of the serum level of certain inflammatory markers as complementary indicators to confirm diagnosis of lymphoma patients that may be subjected to more invasive biopsy methods. Method: The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and eotaxin were assessed by Bio-Plex Pro assays in 81 lymphoma patients and 44 NHL and 37 HL patients before and after chemotherapy treatment as well as 20 healthy persons as a control group. Results: Lymphoma patients showed significantly raised marker levels before treatment and significantly reduced levels related to pre-treatment and controls of post-treatment for most of the markers. MCP-1 reported the highest diagnostic accuracy. G-CSF significantly raised pre-treatment and TNF-α. MCP-1 significantly increased in post treated HL compared with NHL. In order to distinguish HL from NHL, G-CSF reported the highest diagnostic accuracy. NHL patients reported complete remission (CR) and those who reported stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) represented 25% and 38% respectively compared with 16% and 27% of HL patients, while partial remission (PR) of HL patients were 56% compared with 36% of NHL patients. Conclusion: Most of the markers were significantly increased in pre-treatment but significantly decreased post-treatment. However, it was not considerably enough to get better prognosis of the disease. Elevated serum levels of inflammatory markers correlate with disease severity and low benefit from treatment.
Cofactor-mediated amyloidogenesis
Authors: Madine Jillian
Published: February 2019

A recent study published in Bioscience Reports by Sheng et al. (Bioscience Reports, (2019) 39, pii:BSR20182345] described a small but significant conformational change that occurs upon zinc binding and results in initiation of the amyloidogenic aggregation cascade of Golgi-Associated plant Pathogenesis Related protein 1 (GAPR-1) in the presence of heparin. The present study describes a two-stage process that is required for the initiation of the amyloidogenic aggregation cascade involving a concentration step and a conformation change to enhance accessibility of natively protected amyloidogenic regions for self-association. For GAPR-1 in the present study, these steps are provided by zinc binding causing the required conformational change enhancing accessibility of amyloidogenic regions, and heparin providing a template or scaffold in turn increasing the local protein concentration. Cofactors such as glycosaminoglycans and metal ions have been found associated with amyloid deposits in vivo and shown to affect protein assembly kinetics in vitro. Cofactor interactions with the amyloidogenic process are an area of great interest for therapeutic intervention for the wide range of diseases known to be associated with amyloid protein aggregation. The present study emphasises the need for enhanced structural understanding of cofactor–amyloid protein interactions and highlights that small subtle conformational changes can have large impacts on resulting aggregation processes.
Comparison of Legendre and united moments in the classification of Alzheimer conditions using T1 weighted MR images
Authors: Dadsena R. , Rohini P. , Anandh K.R. , Ramakrishnan S.
Published: February 2019

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes brain regions to undergo structural changes. Shape descriptors are useful in reflecting the morphological alterations of brain structures in AD conditions compared to volume based measures. In this work, moment based shape descriptors are used to classify control, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD subjects. Lattice Boltzmann criterion‐based hybrid level set method (LSM) is used to delineate lateral ventricles. Legendre and United moments are extracted from the segmented binary images and are statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The performance of significant moments in the shape analysis is validated using machine learning algorithm. Results demonstrate that, level set is able to delineate ventricles and found to have high similarity index with ground truth. The area under curve (AUC) values for Legendre moment is found to be 1.0, 0.75 and 1.0 for Control‐MCI, MCI‐AD and Control‐AD subjects. Rather, the AUC for United moment is found to be 0.98, 0.76 and 0.98 for Control‐MCI, MCI‐AD and Control‐AD subjects respectively. Further, machine learning algorithm could classify Control from AD subjects with high accuracy of 99.25% using Legendre moments and hence the study seems to be clinically significant.
Evaluation of outage probability for uniformly distributed users based on signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio
Authors: Baroudi Sami , Shayan Yousef R.
Published: February 2019

Improving the performance of wireless networks to maintain good quality of service for all users is always an ultimate goal. To reach this goal, the performance should be evaluated accurately and then analysed. Geometric modelling of wireless networks is drawing significant attention with regard to analytically evaluating the performance. In this study, stochastic modelling of users is used to emulate their distribution in wireless networks, which is analysed when only one direct link is connecting the base station to each user over the cell. Hence, the final findings will be more universal and applicable for different types of mobile cellular networks. Probability density function (PDF) of signal‐to‐interference ratio, and signal‐to‐noise ratio are evaluated, and used to find the PDF of signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) in a uniform filed of interference. Then, the outage probability based on SINR is evaluated, since it is one of the important factors in studying the performance of wireless networks. Finally, simulations are performed in order to validate the analytical results.
Mixed‐delay‐dependent stability for time‐delay neutral system: an improved dynamic Lyapunov method
Authors: Li Tao , Tang Xiaoling , Qian Wei , Fei Shumin
Published: February 2019

This work studies the mixed‐delay‐dependent asymptotical stability for a class of time‐delay neutral systems and three less conservative criteria are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Firstly, by proposing an improved dynamic Lyapunov method, an augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) is constructed, which does not only benefit from the information on each time‐delay but also heavily depends on the interconnection between time‐delays. Then, two effective Wirtinger‐based integral inequalities and an extended reciprocal convex technique are employed to give much tighter bound on the LKF's derivative. In all, these treatments above can result in much less conservatism. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of our proposed criteria.
Design and optimisation of transverse flux machine with passive rotor and flux‐concentrating structure
Authors: Hui Jianghai , Gao Min , Wang Yi
Published: February 2019

This paper proposes a transverse flux machine which has the topology of flux‐concentrating and passive rotor, and also conducts a design and optimisation for machine. With working process of the machine introduced, its topology structure and composition are introduced. The optimisation objectives and design parameters are obtained with analysis. Furthermore, the performance equations are deduced to determine the parameters which affect performance. Ten free parameters should be optimised and the number of pole pair is first optimised with preliminary simulation. Subsequently, Taguchi method is applied to reduce the number of free parameters, and four parameters are selected to be further optimised. Three approximation models are created, and the Kriging model is better to predict the simulation results, thereby substitute the simulation to be used to algorithm. Accordingly, NSGA‐II and MOPSO are used to acquire the optimal design for the machine, and the best solution of algorithm is determined by the simulation based on the results from the two algorithms. Finally, the prototype experiment is conducted to verify the optimisation method and simulation. The whole optimisation process for design and optimisation of electrical machine which is timesaving in comparison with optimisation with only simulation can provide the reference for electrical machine's design.
Quantifying benefits of wind power diversity in New Zealand
Authors: McQueen Dougal , Wood Alan
Published: February 2019

Wind integration studies often focus on the capacity value of wind power without considering Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatch or resolving requirements for ancillary services. Here, a novel method for simulating wind power time series with sufficient temporal span to support capacity studies and temporal resolution to support UCED studies is developed. Wind speed time series (WSTS), with 6 h temporal and 0.7 × 0.7 degree spatial resolutions, are extracted from the ECMWF‐interim reanalysis, interpolated, scaled, and imputed so that they are representative of a point wind speed measurement with a 5 min temporal resolution. Imputation is made using a wavelet multi‐resolution analysis approach that ensures temporally consistent correlations while accounting for heteroskedasticity. WSTS are transformed to power using wind power plant power curves, low‐pass filters, and a Markov Chain model of operational efficiencies. The wind power model is validated using a set of measurements made at wind power plants (WPPs) in New Zealand and used to simulate power time series for 2 GW portfolios of WPPs representing compact, disperse, diverse, and business‐as‐usual portfolios. Metrics for dependability, variability, and predictability are applied to quantify the benefits of spatial diversification.
Exploration of long-period oscillations in an Hα prominence
Authors: Zapiór M. , Schmieder B. , Mein P. , Mein N. , Labrosse N. , Luna M.
Published: February 2019

Context. In previous work, we studied a prominence which appeared like a tornado in a movie made from 193 Å filtergrams obtained with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) imager aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The observations in Hα obtained simultaneously during two consecutive sequences of one hour with the Multi-channel Subtractive Double Pass Spectrograph (MSDP) operating at the solar tower in Meudon showed that the cool plasma inside the tornado was not rotating around its vertical axis. Furthermore, the evolution of the Dopplershift pattern suggested the existence of oscillations of periods close to the time-span of each sequence.

Aims. The aim of the present work is to assemble the two sequences of Hα observations as a full data set lasting two hours to confirm the existence of oscillations, and determine their nature.

Methods. After having coaligned the Doppler maps of the two sequences, we use a Scargle periodogram analysis and cosine fitting to compute the periods and the phase of the oscillations in the full data set.

Results. Our analysis confirms the existence of oscillations with periods between 40 and 80 min. In the Dopplershift maps, we identify large areas with strong spectral power. In two of them, the oscillations of individual pixels are in phase. However, in the top area of the prominence, the phase is varying slowly, suggesting wave propagation.

Conclusions. We conclude that the prominence does not oscillate as a whole structure but exhibits different areas with their own oscillation periods and characteristics: standing or propagating waves. We discuss the nature of the standing oscillations and the propagating waves. These can be interpreted in terms of gravito-acoustic modes and magnetosonic waves, respectively.
Aktueller Stand der PSMA-PET-Diagnostik beim Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Spohn Fabian , Radtke Jan Philipp , Düwel Charlotte , Eiber Matthias , Körber Stefan , Gasch Claudia , Kratochwil Clemens , Haberkorn Uwe , Hohenfellner Markus , Debus Jürgen , Giesel Frederik L.
Published: February 2019

Dieser Artikel gibt ein Update zum aktuellen Stand der PSMA-PET-Diagnostik beim Prostatakarzinom. Dabei soll auf die Schwerpunkte des Primärstagings und der Diagnostik beim biochemischen Rezidiv eingegangen sowie Aspekte aus uroonkologischer und strahlentherapeutischer Sicht miteinbezogen werden. Durch die andauernde Weiterentwicklung und Optimierung der PSMA-gerichteten Tracer bekommt die molekulare Bildgebung mittels PET / CT einen immer höheren Stellenwert in dem Patientenmanagement, was sich auch in der expliziten Erwähnung aktuellster nationaler sowie internationaler Leitlinien widerspiegelt.
MRT-Sicherheit: Sind wir wirklich sicher?
Authors: Falkenstein Jan Hendrik
Published: February 2019

Die MRT wird eingesetzt, um verschiedene Krankheitsbilder zu diagnostizieren. Da diese Methode auf ionisierende Strahlen verzichtet, gilt sie als sicher. Viele MTRA kennen jedoch die Risiken im Magnetfeld, der Gradientenfelder und des Hochfrequenzfelds nicht. Nur wenige radiologische Abteilungen verfügen über ein festes MRT-Sicherheitskonzept. Darum ist es im Umgang mit der MRT wichtig, die Sicherheitsaspekte für Patient und Personal zu kennen.