bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of Finite Element Analysis in Endodontics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdelhafeez Manal M.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Endodontics increasingly uses finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate stress distribution, fracture resistance, and temperature changes in treated teeth. FEA’s endodontic uses, benefits, and drawbacks are examined in this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

A PubMed systematic search found relevant studies published up to January 2022. Original endodontic research articles utilizing FEA to quantify stress distribution, fracture resistance, or temperature changes in treated teeth were eligible. The systematic review comprised 30 publications, 15 of which were meta-analyzed. Data were extracted using a standard form, and the “Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS)” for observational studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials assessed quality. Random-effects models calculated pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals in RevMan 5.4 meta-analysis.

Results:

Meta-analysis shows FEA-guided endodontic treatment improves stress distribution (P < 0.001) and fracture resistance (P < 0.05) compared to conventional treatments. The temperature did not vary significantly (P = 0.12). Stress distribution had an effect size of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.65–0.85), fracture resistance 0.42 (95%: 0.12–0.72), and temperature variations -0.18.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, FEA is a valuable technique in endodontics for stress distribution study and fracture resistance testing. FEA models’ accuracy, dependability, and clinical applicability were questioned, underlining the need for more research and development to maximize their endodontics clinical use.
Examining Current Vaccination Practices for Neonates, Including Healthcare Provider and Parental Attitudes and the Challenges of Implementing Vaccination Schedules: A Clinical Study
Authors: Chaudhuri Partha K. , Madhur Abha , Anshu Kumar , Kumari Shiromani , Kumar Ashutosh , Singh Jyotsna , Sarangam Barapatla , Sarkar Pratik
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Vaccination of neonates is crucial for preventing infectious diseases and ensuring public health. However, understanding the attitudes of healthcare providers and parents towards neonatal vaccination and the challenges in implementing vaccination schedules is essential for optimizing vaccination strategies.

Materials and Methods:

A clinical study was conducted involving healthcare providers and parents of neonates. Surveys were administered to assess attitudes towards neonatal vaccination, perceived barriers, and adherence to vaccination schedules. Data analysis was performed using statistical methods to identify trends and associations.

Results:

Among healthcare providers (n = 200), 85% expressed strong support for neonatal vaccination, citing its importance in disease prevention. However, concerns regarding vaccine safety (62%) and parental hesitancy (48%) were identified as significant barriers. Among parents (n = 500), 78% reported willingness to vaccinate their neonates, with 60% adhering strictly to vaccination schedules. Common reasons for non-adherence included fear of adverse reactions (42%) and misinformation (28%). Challenges in vaccine administration, such as access issues (20%) and vaccine shortages (15%), were also reported.

Conclusion:

Healthcare providers generally endorse neonatal vaccination, recognizing its benefits in preventing infectious diseases. However, addressing concerns about vaccine safety and parental hesitancy is crucial for improving vaccination rates. Strategies aimed at enhancing education, promoting vaccine confidence, and addressing logistical challenges are essential for the successful implementation of neonatal vaccination schedules.
Exploring Current Practices, Challenges, and Innovations in the Nutrition and Feeding of Neonates, Including the Use of Human Milk, Fortifiers, and Formula: A Clinical Study
Authors: Chaudhuri Partha K. , Madhur Abha , Anshu Kumar , Kumari Shiromani , Ashutosh  , Singh Jyotsna , Sarangam Barapatla , Sarkar Pratik
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Neonatal nutrition plays a crucial role in the growth and development of infants, particularly in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) where specialized care is essential. This study aims to explore current practices, challenges, and innovations in the nutrition and feeding of neonates, focusing on the utilization of human milk, fortifiers, and formula.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective clinical study was conducted at a tertiary care NICU over a period of two years. Data were collected from medical records of neonates admitted to the unit. Information regarding feeding practices, types of milk (human milk, fortified human milk, or formula), fortification protocols, and associated clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results:

A total of 150 neonates were included in the study. The majority (85%) received some form of human milk during their NICU stay, with 60% exclusively receiving human milk. Among those receiving human milk, 40% required fortification with a human milk fortifier due to inadequate growth parameters. Formula supplementation was necessary in 25% of cases due to maternal lactation insufficiency or medical contraindications to human milk. The mean duration of parenteral nutrition was 10 days, with a median time to full enteral feeds of 14 days. Infants receiving exclusively human milk demonstrated a lower incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) compared to those receiving formula (5% vs. 12%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Human milk remains the preferred source of nutrition for neonates in the NICU setting, associated with lower rates of NEC and improved clinical outcomes. However, fortification with human milk fortifiers or supplementation with formula is often necessary to meet the nutritional requirements of preterm infants. Further research is needed to optimize fortification protocols and improve long-term outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Guardians of Oral Health: Antioxidants as Promising Allies in Periodontal Wellness
Authors: Mohapatra Arpita , Panda Akshyata , Pattnaik Naina , Mohapatra Madhumita , Singh Karandeep , Sharma Anant R. , Sharma Nirvi , Makkad Ramanpal S.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, is closely associated with oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Antioxidants have garnered significant attention as potential therapeutic agents in periodontal management due to their ability to counteract oxidative damage and inflammation. This brief review provides an overview of the role of antioxidants in periodontitis, highlighting recent developments. Key topics covered include the mechanisms of action of antioxidants, recent preclinical and clinical studies evaluating their efficacy, challenges, and future directions in antioxidant-based periodontal therapy. Recent advancements in antioxidant research offer promising avenues for improving periodontal treatment outcomes and patient care.
Nonsurgical Endodontic Management of Nonperforating Internal Root Resorption in a Maxillary Central Incisor: A Case Report with a 4-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Gehlot Paras M. , Rajkumar Divya S. , Mariswamy Annapoorna B. , Reddy Upendra Natha N. , Chappidi Chaitanya
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Internal root resorption (IRR) commonly occurs as a single oval-shaped defect radiographically; however, variation like bilocular IRR defect is rarely reported in the literature. This case report presents a 28-year-old male patient who reported with pain of dull nature, in his front upper tooth for the past 1 week. He reported with a history of trauma 8 years back. Clinical findings indicated the maxillary left central incisor with a crown, tender to percussion and palpation, no swelling, mobility, or pockets were noted. A tentative diagnosis of symptomatic apical periodontitis was made. The diagnosis was confirmed through careful, clinical, and radiographic examination, including the use of cone-beam computed tomography for detailed morphology. Radiographic examination revealed an oval-shaped radiolucency in the midroot region of tooth #21. The bilocular nature of the IRR defect was revealed in the different views of the CBCT. Given the challenges in cleaning, shaping, disinfecting, and obturating, the IRR defect, a specialized endodontic approach, was employed. The use of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) for canal disinfection and hybrid technique of obturation with bioceramic sealer led to the reinforcing the IRR defect, and the successful outcome has a 4-year follow-up.
Incidence and Pattern of Mandibular Impacted 3rd Molars and Their Relationship with the Mandibular Canal in Population of Jizan Province of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Radiographic Study
Authors: Qurishi Ahtesham A. , Rudagi B. M. , Mustafa Ahmad , Beshir Saiid E. M. , Bakri Mohammad M. , Hassan Ali Abdel H A A , Hezam Asma A.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Impacted mandibular third molars pose challenges in dental practice, often requiring surgical intervention. This retrospective study aims to analyze the demographics, impaction patterns, and anatomical relationships of impacted mandibular third molars among Saudi patients.

Methodology:

Data from 722 patients visiting the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences at Jizan University were retrospectively analyzed. Parameters including gender distribution, impaction types, relationship with the mandibular canal, and age demographics were evaluated based on panoramic radiographs.

Results:

Bilateral impaction predominated (57.59%), with mesioangular impaction being the most common (46.51%). Gender differences were noted in impaction types and relationships with the mandibular canal. Interruption of white lines of the canal was more frequent in males (70.00%). Early adulthood (20-25 years) exhibited the highest prevalence of impaction.

Conclusion:

The study provides insights into the demographics and characteristics of impacted mandibular third molars among Saudi patients. Gender-specific variations and age distribution underscore the importance of tailored treatment approaches and early intervention.
Investigating the Challenges, Successes, and Strategies of Implementing Advanced Neonatal Care Interventions in Low-Resource Settings: A Clinical Study
Authors: Das Kiran S. , Ranjan Abhishek , Sahu Shyam S. , Singh Abhishek K. , Lakra Priya S. , Dubraj Prita N.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Neonatal care interventions are crucial for reducing infant mortality rates, particularly in low-resource settings where access to advanced medical facilities is limited. Implementing these interventions poses significant challenges due to resource constraints and infrastructural limitations.

Materials and Methods:

This clinical study investigated the challenges, successes, and strategies involved in implementing advanced neonatal care interventions in a low-resource setting. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data collected from a neonatal care unit in a resource-limited area over a period of two years. The study assessed the availability of medical equipment, healthcare personnel training, and the efficacy of interventions in improving neonatal health outcomes.

Results:

The analysis revealed that despite resource constraints, significant strides were made in implementing advanced neonatal care interventions. Availability of essential medical equipment increased by 30%, and healthcare personnel received targeted training programs resulting in a 25% improvement in neonatal survival rates. Strategies such as task-shifting and community outreach programs played a pivotal role in overcoming infrastructural limitations.

Conclusion:

Implementing advanced neonatal care interventions in low-resource settings is challenging but feasible with targeted strategies. While resource constraints remain a barrier, innovative approaches such as task-shifting and community involvement can significantly improve neonatal health outcomes. Continued investment in infrastructure, training, and community engagement is essential for sustainable progress in reducing neonatal mortality rates in resource-limited areas.
Finite Element Analysis of the Stress and Deformation in Bone Caused by CFR-PEEK, Titanium, and Zirconia Ceramic Implants
Authors: Jameel Ahmad Saib , Sahoo Amiya Ranjan , Kharkar Viraj , Kalsi Harjit Singh , Singh Akanksha , Chougule Vaibhav T. , Behera Sharmila
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Glass or carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) composites and zirconia ceramic have been offered as more modern implant biomaterials.

Objectives:

This study examined the effects of zirconia ceramic implants, titanium, and CFR-PEEK on bone stress and deformation.

Materials and Methods:

A geometric model of a mandibular molar replaced with an implant-supported crown was created for this in vitro finite element analysis investigation. The dimensions of the implant employed in the study are 11.0 mm in length and 4.5 mm in diameter. Using finite element analysis, three implant assemblies composed of zirconium, titanium, and CFR-PEEK were produced. 150 N loads were applied both vertically and obliquely on the long axis of the implant. The von-Mises stresses and deformation were compared using ANSYS Workbench 18.0 and finite element software, with a significance threshold of P < 0.05.

Results:

All three implant assemblies—zirconia, titanium, and CFR-PEEK—showed comparable stresses and deformation in bone with no appreciable variations.

Conclusion:

Zirconia and PEEK reinforced with carbon fibers (CFR-PEEK) have been found to be viable replacements for titanium in implant biomaterials.
Diabetes and Oral Health: Advancements in Prevention, Screening and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Gopinath Sharika , Rathi Manish , Jalaluddin Mohammad , Khatavkar Pradnya Rajendra , Laddha Rashmi
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a pervasive metabolic disorder that notably impacts various body systems, including oral health. One of the critical manifestations of diabetes in oral health is its exacerbating effect on periodontal diseases. Recent advancements in the prevention, screening, and treatment of periodontal diseases have become increasingly significant due to the bidirectional link between periodontal health and diabetes management. This review explores contemporary strategies and technological innovations in the comprehensive management of periodontal diseases among diabetic patients. It highlights the integration of digital dentistry tools such as artificial intelligence (AI) and teledentistry in enhancing diagnostic precision and treatment outcomes. Preventive measures, including new pharmacological formulations and lifestyle interventions tailored for diabetic individuals, are discussed. Additionally, the review underscores the importance of routine screening protocols that incorporate glycemic control status to refine treatment plans for periodontal therapies. Furthermore, advancements in regenerative therapies, including the application of growth factors and stem cell therapy, are examined for their potential to restore periodontal tissue integrity, offering promising directions for future research and clinical practice. Through a synthesis of recent literature, this review aims to provide insights into effective periodontal disease management strategies that are critical for improving the overall health and quality of life of individuals with diabetes.
Depression and Quality of Life Among Haemodialysis Patients
Authors: Shyamala M Aruna , Ali Anayat , Ajith M
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Depression is likely to be the most common psychopathology in haemodialysis patients. It might affect their adherence to treatment and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the prevalence of depression in haemodialysis patients has not been definitively determined, and it is generally underdiagnosed and undertreated. Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients have diminished quality of life (QOL) scores compared with healthy persons. Moreover, patients on haemodialysis might have worse QOL than those on peritoneal dialysis.

Objectives:

To assess the level of depression and quality of life among haemodialysis patients.

Methodology:

The research design adopted for this study was quantitative method. The population includes patient undergoing haemodialysis in SMCH. The sample size was 60 selected through convenience sampling technique on the basis of criteria.

Result:

The findings revealed that 30 (50%) had severe depression, 26 (43.34%) had moderate depression, and 2 (3.33%) had borderline clinical depression and extreme depression, respectively. The mean score of overall quality of life score among haemodialysis patients was 34.66 ± 7.16.

Conclusion:

The analysis revealed that haemodialysis patients had severe to moderate depression, which in turn reduces the quality of life of the haemodialysis patients.
A Study to Assess the Practice of Incentive Spirometer Among Postoperative Patients at a Selected Hospital
Authors: Beautily V , Shanthanu M , Solomon D Alfred , Hemavathi R.
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The current study was aimed to assess the practice of incentive spirometer among postoperative patients at selected hospital.

Material and Method:

A descriptive observational study design with nonprobability purposive sampling was adopted to conduct a study among 60 postoperative patients of general surgery in patient department. Data were gathered by structured questionnaires using demographic variables and biological parameters. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the procedure. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Result:

The results revealed that the Day 1, 27 (54%) had inadequate practice, 20 (40%) had moderately adequate practice, and 3 (6%) had adequate practice. On Day 2, 20 (40%) had adequate practice, 20 (40%) had moderately adequate practice, and 10 (20%) had inadequate practice. On Day 3, 36 (72%) had adequate practice, 8 (16%) had moderately adequate practice, and 6 (12%) had inadequate practice. The demographic variables did not shown statistically significant association with level of practice of flow-oriented incentive spirometer among the postoperative patients on Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3.
Effectiveness of TENS and Acetaminophen for Pain Control During Orthodontic Treatment: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jha Mrigank Shekhar , Ahluwalia Rajiv , Chugh Tina , Gupta Abhinav Raj
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Orthodontic treatment often induces pain, especially post appliance placement. This study compares transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and acetaminophen for orthodontic pain management.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized trial included 120 fixed orthodontic patients divided into three groups (n = 40): Group A received TENS, group B received acetaminophen, and group C was the control. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Repeated ANOVA analysis compared mean values, followed by post-hoc Tukey analysis. Pain levels were assessed using a visual analog scale before any intervention and at 30 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours post activation.

Results:

TENS and acetaminophen significantly reduced pain compared to the control. Group A (TENS) showed significant pain reduction post activation. Group B (acetaminophen) exhibited comparable pain relief, with no significant difference between groups.

Conclusion:

Both TENS and acetaminophen effectively manage orthodontic appliance activation pain.
Comparison of Piezosurgery Devices and the Use of Rotatory Devices for the Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
Authors: Walia Sheffali , Verma Dinesh , Bansal Shallu , Sutar Smita , Gupta Asheen , Kardwal Kapil
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to examine the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars by using rotatory and piezosurgery equipment. Twenty-five patients of both genders who required surgery to remove their third molars were split into two groups (control group and research group). In the surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar, in the study group, a piezotome was used to remove the bone, while in the control group, a bur was used. Patients’ acceptance of bone cutting, the length of the operation, discomfort and bleeding during the procedure, postoperative pain, swelling, trismus, and wound healing were evaluated. A statistically insignificant difference was observed for age and difficulty index. The intraoperative bleeding was similar in both groups. Both the groups tolerated the bone cutting well, with slightly better values for the piezo group. Based on Pederson’s difficulty index, the scores of difficulty of extraction of the impacted tooth were measured between the groups. The slight difficulty was observed in 9 (36%) each in the study group and control group. The moderate difficulty in 14 (56%) of control group and 15 (60%) of study group. Severe difficulty was found among 2 (8%) in the control group and 1 (4%) in the study group. The difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Intraoral bleeding was moderately seen in 25 in both groups. Among the study and control groups respectively no intraoperative pain was seen in 14 and 16, mild intraoperative pain in 11 and 7, and moderate intraoperative pain in 0 and 2. Among group I and II acceptance to bone cutting was comfortably seen in 24 and 23, bearable in 1 and 2 respectively. The difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Piezosurgery and bur were comparable in evaluating patient acceptance, intraoperative duration, intraoperative bleeding and pain, postoperative pain, edema, trismus, and wound healing.
Establishment of Cephalometric Hard Tissue Profile among Bengali and Caucasian Populations for Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Pattanayak Adwitiya , Kumari Rupam , Mitra Soumo , Hasan Mehedi , Biswas Premendu , Sen Arijit
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The study aimed to compare cephalometric hard tissue profile values and analysis between Bengali and Caucasian populations. The study included 100 individuals (50 males, 50 females) aged 18–35. Subjects having class I molar occlusions and well-balanced facial profiles were included in the study. Lateral cephalograms were taken with consent, and a prestructured proforma recorded relevant information and cephalometric measurements. Our study found increased posterior cranial base length in Bengali males and increased anterior cranial base length in both sexes. Bengali males had a less convex profile, while females had a more convex profile compared to Caucasians with similar mandibular features. Increased maxillary and mandibular incisor proclination was observed. Our findings indicate the necessity for separate norms for orthognathic surgery in normal ethnic Bengali adults.
Clinical trials in health-care metaverse – A conceptual overview
Authors: Sait J. Mohammed Sulaiman , Sarumathy S.
Published: August 2024

Post-COVID-19, the emergence of newer technologies has taken center stage. One such technology is metaverse, which is an extension of existing technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) that enables a fully immersive communication platform through the utilization of digital twins and avatars in a three-dimensional digital space. Literature review has shown that the adoption of such technologies in the field of clinical trials can help in improving the therapeutic outcomes in patients while having numerous other benefits. Despite its early stages of adoption, the application of metaverses in clinical trials through the use of AR, VR, and digital twins holds the ability to revolutionize key tasks in clinical trials, such as patient enrollment, engagement, monitoring, and counseling, by removing barriers to study participation. This review article focuses on the concepts of metaverse, its use in clinical trials, its inherent benefits, and limitations and serves as a starting point for clinical research organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and technology firms to conceptualize and develop metaverse solutions that stand to significantly benefit the broader landscape of clinical trials.
Bi-objective model for community detection in weighted complex networks
Authors: Torres-Cockrell Gilberto Sinuhe , Mora-Gutiérrez Roman Anselmo , Rincón-García Eric Alfredo , Montes-Orozco Edwin , De-los-Cobos-Silva Sergio Gerardo , Lara-Velazquez Pedro , Gutiérrez-Andrade Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2024

In this study, we introduce an innovative approach that utilizes complex networks and the k_core method to address community detection in weighted networks. Our proposed bi-objective model aims to simultaneously discover non-overlapping communities while ensuring that the degree of similarity remains below a critical threshold to prevent network degradation. We leverage the k_core structure to detect tightly interconnected node groups, a concept particularly valuable in edge-weighted networks where different edge weights indicate the strength or importance of node relationships. Beyond maximizing the count of k_core communities, our model seeks a homogeneous weight distribution across edges within these communities, promoting stronger cohesion. To tackle this challenge, we implement two multi-target algorithms: Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) and a Multi-Objective Simulated Annealing (MOSA) algorithm. Both algorithms efficiently identify non-overlapping communities with a specified degree 'k'. The results of our experiments reveal a trade-off between maximizing the number of k_core communities and enhancing the homogeneity of these communities in terms of their minimum weighted interconnections. Notably, the MOSA algorithm outperforms NSGAII in both small and large instances, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving this balance. This approach sheds light on effective strategies for resolving conflicting goals in community detection within weighted networks.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN DAN PELAPORAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PPh PASAL 21 PADA GAJI KARYAWAN PT. TANAKA MEDAN SAKTI
Authors: Pratiwi Anggi , Zahari Zahari , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: August 2024

PT. Tanaka Medan Sakti is a company that operates in the electronic field that distributes its goods to stores in the field as well as outside the field area. This research aims to find out how and the system in the calculation and reporting of Income Tax (PPh) Article 21 on the salary of employees at PT. Tanaka Sakti Field. The data analysis techniques used are qualitative descriptive and the techniques used in data collection are using primary and secondary data. PT Tanaka Medan Sakti has carried out the calculation and reporting of Article 21 Income Tax (PPh) which has been in accordance with the Working Law and Regulations in force in Indonesia. In addition, the company also does not grant a fine to permanent employees who do not have a compulsory tax number (NPWP), because according to the Act No. 36 of 2008 paragraph 5 (a) stated that the size of the rate imposed on the taxable person who does not possess the NPWPs at all, they pay their tax higher than 20% (twenty percent) of the tax rate established on the employee who has the compulsor tax number. (NPWP). The results of this research are on the reporting and calculation of PPh Article 21 on the salary of employees at PT. Tanaka Sakti Field has been in accordance with the rules of employment already regulated. As for the analysis of the calculation of the salary of a fixed employee, the Sakti fields are salaries received by every employee paid to the company on the 28th of each month. Likewise, the net salary received by the employee in the Sakti field is the aggregate salary, plus the benefits and minus the pension benefits and the old-day guarantee benefits that are cut off every month against the salary.
Analisis Pemeriksaan Laboratorium pada Penyakit Tiroid
Authors: Komang Mentary Putri Sudibia Ni
Published: August 2024

Penyakit tiroid merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang umum ditemui di masyarakat. Gangguan pada kelenjar tiroid dapat menyebabkan berbagai kondisi kesehatan serius. Pemeriksaan laboratorium memainkan peran penting dalam diagnosis dan manajemen penyakit tiroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan berbagai jenis pemeriksaan laboratorium yang digunakan untuk mendiagnosis penyakit tiroid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka dengan menganalisis data dari berbagai sumber, seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku teks, dan pedoman klinis. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yakni dengan studi literatur. Setelah data terkumpul, analisis dilakukan dengan melalui tiga tahapan seperti penyaringan data, data disajikan, serta membuat kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa beberapa jenis pemeriksaan laboratorium yang biasanya dilakukan untuk penyakit tiroid adalah Hormon Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Hormon Tiroid (T3 dan T4), Tiroglobulin (Tg), dan Antibodi tiroid. Pemeriksaan laboratorium tiroid merupakan alat yang penting untuk mendiagnosis dan memantau penyakit tiroid. Interpretasi hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium tiroid harus dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor klinis pasien.
Uma revisão sistemática examinando os potenciais efeitos adversos do microagulhamento
Authors: Vargas Isabella Candida , Pereira Nathalia Gabay , Batista Rebeca , Saad Ana Paula Naomi
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O microagulhamento, também denominado como terapia de indução percutânea de colágeno (TIPC), corresponde a uma técnica em que se utiliza um roller resultando em uma lesão superficial da pele afim de provocar uma inflamação e ativação de células colágenas. Esse procedimento, por ser técnico-dependente e invasivo, pode resultar em complicações sendo as mais comuns a hiperpigmentação pós-inflamatória, cicatrizes hipertróficas, hematomas, infecções, queloides e até mesmo transmissão de doenças. O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca dos potenciais efeitos adversos do microagulhamento. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED e SciELO entre os anos de 2018 e 2024. Resultados e discussão: Evidências mostram a importância do conhecimento, treinamento, habilidade e técnica do profissional que realiza a fim de minimizar os riscos de efeitos adversos posterior ao procedimento. Considerações finais: O microagulhamento é benéfico na obtenção de uma maior produção de colágeno, melhora da qualidade da pele e atenuação de cicatrizes, porém por ocasionar um processo inflamatório local resultando em uma maior proliferação celular é indispensável a competência do profissional na realização do procedimento.
Analysis of Figurative Language Used in Selected Song Lyrics by Niki Zefanya
Authors: Putra Aidil Syah , Dalpah Dalpah , Cintya Novi
Published: August 2024

This study analyzes of the figurative language used in the song lyrics by Niki Zefanya. This research aims to find out the figurative language used in the lyrics of the song lyrics. This method uses qualitative data to find out the figurative language contained used in selected the lyrics songs entitled "Autumn", and "Lowkey" "Too many good things" by Niki Zefanya which have been released and received many viewers. Data collection uses observation techniques using the theory (Abrams, 2018) to categorize figurative language. The results of this study found 9 data from 10 types of figurative language displayed. In the selected lyrics of the song by Niki Zefanya, there are types of figurative language, such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification, synecdoche, allusion, symbolism, metonymy, and irony. The researcher concluded that the most common figurative languages found used in selected the lyrics of the song by Niki Zefanya are hyperbole.
Occupational Health & Safety Risk Analysis with HIRADC Method in Building Construction Project X
Authors: Fajar Vidya Amelia , Soeryodarundio Koosdaryani , Rifai Muji
Published: August 2024

Within construction projects, there is a risk of workplace accidents that can cause injury and death to workers. These risks are some of the factors that can cause project failure and affect other worker activities. If proper risk control is no carried out the incident can escalate into a fatal work accident. Therefore, good implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) is essential in every construction project. This research aims to plan work safety using Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) method to identify potential hazards, assess the risk of these hazards, and determine appropriate controls to minimize the risks that may occur. In the observed work, the result of hazard identification and risk assessment using the HIRADC method found 22 potential hazards, namely 3 with extreme risk level, and 5 with low risk level. Control were carried out based on the control hierarchy in the form of engineering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE), which succeeded in reducing the risk level so that there were no jobs with extreme and high risk levels. Thus, it can be understood that proper risk control can prevent work accidents.
Influence of Motivation on Patient-Centered Care (PCC) Among Healthcare Providers at KCRH, Kirinyaga County, in Kenya
Authors: Wairimu Brian Murigi , Nyongesa Sr. Dr. Margaret, Ph.D. , Dr. Violet Maritim, Ph. D  , Mwangi Dr. David Ngigi Ph. D
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study explores the influence of motivation on Patient-Centered Care (PCC) among healthcare providers at Kerugoya County Referral Hospital (KCRH) in Kirinyaga County, Kenya. PCC is acknowledged as a cornerstone of high-quality healthcare, emphasizing patient involvement in healthcare decisions and fostering improved health outcomes. The study aims to identify the challenges related to healthcare providers' motivation in implementing PCC.
Materials and Methods: This Descriptive Cross-Sectional study engaged 258 healthcare providers at KCRH, employing a mixed-methods approach to data collection. Structured questionnaires, key informant interviews, and the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) were utilized to gather comprehensive data. Quantitative analysis involved Pearson's correlation and Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis, while qualitative data were derived from interviews.
Findings: Quantitative analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between motivation and PCC practices, with Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.208 and a p-value of 0.009. Higher levels of motivation among healthcare providers were associated with increased adherence to PCC principles. Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis identified motivation as a significant predictor of PCC implementation, with a Chi-Square value of 52.555 (df = 33, p = 0.003). Qualitative data revealed that motivators such as effective workload management, recognition, and opportunities for professional growth enhance healthcare providers' commitment to PCC.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study underscores the importance of addressing motivational factors to enhance the implementation of Patient-Centered Care. Healthcare administrators and policymakers should develop strategies that foster intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among healthcare providers. By promoting consistent application of PCC, these strategies can ultimately improve patient outcomes at Kerugoya County Referral Hospital.
PERKEMBANGAN HUKUM TATA NEGARA DALAM MENGATUR HUBUNGAN NEGARA DAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ilham Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Amandemen UUD 1945 pada era reformasi memperkuat perlindungan hak asasi manusia, termasuk kebebasan beragama, dengan menambahkan pasal-pasal yang secara eksplisit menjamin hak-hak tersebut. Implementasi prinsip-prinsip konstitusional ini diwujudkan melalui berbagai undang-undang, seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia dan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2005 tentang Pengesahan Kovenan Internasional tentang Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis. Pendekatan kualitatif dipilih karena memungkinkan peneliti untuk memahami secara mendalam dinamika dan kompleksitas hubungan antara negara dan agama dalam konteks hukum tata negara di Indonesia
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Meskipun demikian, tantangan dalam implementasi masih ada, terutama terkait dengan intoleransi dan diskriminasi terhadap kelompok minoritas agama. Penutupan rumah ibadah dan kekerasan terhadap komunitas agama tertentu menunjukkan bahwa kebebasan beragama belum sepenuhnya terjamin di lapangan. Upaya pemerintah dan masyarakat sipil dalam mempromosikan dialog antaragama dan toleransi menjadi sangat penting untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut.
Kesimpulan: dari makalah ini menegaskan bahwa perkembangan hukum tata negara di Indonesia telah menunjukkan kemajuan signifikan dalam perlindungan kebebasan beragama, namun upaya berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa semua warga negara dapat menjalankan hak-hak keagamaan mereka tanpa diskriminasi. Kerjasama antara pemerintah, organisasi masyarakat sipil, dan komunitas agama sangat penting untuk menciptakan iklim toleransi dan kerukunan beragama di Indonesia.
 
Kata Kunci: Hukum Tata Negara, Kebebasan Beragama, UUD 1945, Pancasila, Hak Asasi Manusia.
ODeL and Massification in Higher Education Institutions in Malawi: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Naphiyo Joseph Maxwell , Kamwamba Atanazio Ernest
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study was to examine how higher education institutions in Malawi are implementing quality assurance in the face of increased enrolment through among other means, Open, Distance and e-Learning (ODeL) by studying this intervention at Mzuzu University (MZUNI). The study focused on four main areas namely; perceptions of quality assurance in ODeL among faculty and students at Mzuzu University, quality Assurance strategies, challenges in implementing ODeL, and student experiences with ODeL in the context of increased enrolment. Empirical studies constantly showed that the number of students in higher institutions in Malawi was increasing from time to time, while stakeholders questioned the quality of the graduates of these institutions. In order to meet the main purpose of the study,mixed-methods approach to examine the implementation of quality assurance amidst increased enrollment in Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL) at Mzuzu University (MZUNI) was employed. The study includes administrators, faculty members, students, and quality assurance officers as its participants, using stratified random sampling to ensure representation across these groups. Quantitative data were gathered through structured questionnaires administered to students and faculty, supplemented by qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews with administrators and quality assurance officers. Institutional documents and focus group discussions with students provided additional perspectives. Data analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics for quantitative data, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically using NVivo software. The findings indicate moderate to high satisfaction among students and faculty regarding various aspects of ODeL quality assurance, yet reveal significant challenges such as resource limitations and resistance to change. Recommendations include tailored strategies to enhance technical support, faculty workload management, and overall quality assurance practices. This research contributes insights valuable for policymakers and educational leaders seeking to improve ODeL program quality amid expanding enrollment.
Self-Concept, Adult Learner Experience, Readiness to Learn, Orientation of Learning, Motivation to Learn as Correlates of Adult Learners Learning Styles
Authors: Ampler Julie Mae C. , Glaraga Efryl Jay P. , Fabe Irbe Lorriane D. , Cayogyog Alvin O.
Published: August 2024

This study explores various factors influencing adult learners, with a keen focus on self-concept, experience, readiness to learn, orientation of learning, motivation to learn, and learning styles. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, the researchers meticulously collected the data and analyzed it to determine the impact of these variables on the educational outcomes of adult learners. The findings revealed compelling data that adult learners exhibit a high level of self-concept with spirituality being the highest-rated dimension. The experience of adult learners was rated very high overall, particularly in course design. Readiness to learn also scored very high, driven mainly by motivation. Learning orientation was high, with mastery goals being predominant, showcasing a desire for deep understanding and skill acquisition. Motivation to learn was high, especially in intrinsic value, highlighting the importance of internal drive in educational pursuits. Adult learners predominantly used kinesthetic learning styles. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between self-concept, experience, readiness to learn, orientation of learning, motivation to learn, and learning styles. Motivation to learn emerged as the most significant predictor of learning styles, highlighting its significant influence on adult learners’ engagement and commitment to the learning process. Adult learners most likely used the kinesthetic learning style, which highlighted the variety of ways individuals absorb and process information. Notably, motivation to learn surfaced as the most potent predictor of learning styles, accounting for 44.2% of the variance. These findings underscore the critical role of motivation in shaping learning preferences and outcomes among adult learners, highlighting the need for tailored interventions that nurture and sustain motivation throughout the learning journey. The study corroborates existing theories on adult learning and provides new insights into optimizing educational strategies to enhance learner engagement and success. Educators and policymakers can empower adult learners by using this research’s insights to create focused interventions for academic success.
Voices of Recidivism: A Case Study on the Causes of Reoffending
Authors: Begontes Genefer M. , Kilat Kathleen Jane B. , Mina Dianne Rhose J. , Morales Geram Leodd P. , Gupit Elma Fe E. , Cuevas Jr. Jose F.
Published: August 2024

Recidivism means a tendency to be repeatedly punished because one has frequently committed crimes, and recidivism is talking about laws that are repeated as a result of the same and similar actions (Sukma et al., 2023). According to Zara and Fallington, in their book Criminal Recidivism say that: “recidivism is the official criminal involvement (base on criminal records) of a person who, after having been convicted for a previous offense, commits a new crime for which they incur another conviction” (Sukma et al., 2023). This study answers the profiles of the participants in terms of age, sex, and criminal history; why do offenders become recidivists; what are the effects of becoming a recidivist; and how does the recidivist cope with the situation? The purpose of this study is to seek and understand the complex circumstances and underlying causes that lead to repeat offenders’ recurrent engagement in criminal behavior by delving deeply into their lived experiences and views. A case study research design has been utilized in the study. The study was conducted in one of the City Jail in Region-X. The participants of this study were seven (7) male offenders who have been involved in the cycle of criminal recidivism. Yin’s 5-step data analysis approach was used to analyze the data and allow researchers to analyze textual data (Yin, 2011). Participants highlighted the profound impact of peer influence and environmental factors on recidivism. The study reveals that peer pressure and environmental factors play a crucial role in recidivism among individuals in one of the City Jail in Region-X. It is recommended that the government agencies such as health, education and social services implement multifaceted interventions that address both individual and environmental factors contributing to recidivism.
Phytochemicals for Breast Cancer Therapeutic Intervention: Exploratory In Silico Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Parihar Arpana , Puranik Nidhi , Nadda Ashok Kumar , Kumar Vikas , Lee Keun Woo , Kumar Raj , Khandia Rekha , Khan Raju
Published: August 2024

Globally, cancer is a major contributor to the disease burden. A poor lifestyle and exposure to potentially dangerous environmental elements are the main causes of cancer development. Out of all cancer forms, breast cancer is most prevalent in women and has emerged as a global public health concern. Based on molecular profiles, breast cancer is often categorized into three basic subtypes: triple-negative tumors, human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and hormone estrogen receptor-positive tumors. To treat breast cancer, there has been a great deal of interest in the creation of medications that specifically target hotspot factors for cancer, such as mTOR, estrogen receptor alpha, and progesterone receptor. The main goal of the present research work is to use molecular docking studies to find phytochemical compounds derived from plants that can effectively interact with the targeted proteins that cause the onset and spread of breast cancer. 1064 phytochemical compounds derived from plant sources have been evaluated against five putative hotspot targets: the progesterone receptor, the EGFR kinase domain, the human estrogen receptor alpha ligand-binding domain, the FRB segment of mTOR, and the NUDT5 of breast cancer. According to our findings, out of all the compounds, 25 phytochemicals have potential therapeutic value for the treatment of breast cancer. Our results are in concordance with the literature which shows therapeutic efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo cancer models and further strengthen our findings. While the anticancer properties of baicalein, delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside, and morphine have already been established, more in vitro and in vivo research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of vitexin, isoskimmiwallin, nodifloretin, jaceosidin, and nepetin.
 
Received: 9 April 2024 | Revised: 17 July 2024 | Accepted: 26 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Arpana Parihar: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Nidhi Puranik: Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Ashok Kumar Nadda: Resources, Writing - original draft. Vikas Kumar: Resources, Writing - original draft. Keun Woo Lee: Resources, Writing - original draft. Raj Kumar: Resources, Writing - original draft. Rekha Khandia: Validation. Raju Khan: Validation, Writing - review & editing.