bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Reported Disability among Men: Accounting for Self Selection
Authors: Nakosteen Robert A. , Zimmer Michael
Published: February 2018

A large volume of research has investigated consequences of physical and health impairments with respect to labor force attachments and earnings of persons with disabilities. Many of these studies are based on data sources in which individual disability status is self-reported. Considerably less attention has been devoted to factors that determine self-reported disability. The contribution of this paper is in its distinction between two aspects of endogenous selection in the transition from self-declared nondisability to disability status. On one hand, measured earnings and income might exert a direct effect on the individual’s propensity to report disability. On the other hand, some individuals possess unmeasured traits that might simultaneously affect their earnings and their propensity to report a disability. Based on samples of individuals from the U.S. Current Population Survey at two points in time, and using individuals who initially do not report a disability, this study looks for an explicit role of earnings per se in the reporting decision. Second, it examines whether transitions to disability between the two periods occur in the presence of correlation between unmeasured factors present in both earnings during the first period and the subsequent decision to report a disability.
Technological Progress and Future of Kuznets Curve
Authors: Shin Inyong , Kim Hyunho , Yamamura Eiji
Published: February 2018

This study considers the fluctuation in the degree of income inequality after the Kuznets curve completes a single inverted U-shaped curve. It ascertains that new-born technological inventions increase the degree of inequality; however, the degree of inequality declines as the technology disperses into the overall economy using OECD members’ data. Assuming that technological progress takes place repetitively throughout long term economic growth, the Kuznets curve does not converge to a single inverted U-shaped curve. Rather, it fluctuates through technological progress where technology appears as an invention, but with time it becomes common knowledge.
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ZAFIRLUKAST IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED GLOBAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY IN MICE
Authors: Nayak Bipin Kumar , Kumar Arun , Kothiyal Preeti
Published: February 2018

Objective: Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent mediators of inflammation that are associated with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The CysLTs receptor antagonist may offer protection against ischemic injury. The present study was designed to investigate the role of zafirlukast in experimentally induced global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.Methods: Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 17 min followed by 24 h reperfusion. Mice were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6 per group): control, sham-operated, I/R control, prednisolone treated group (5 mg/kg, p. o.) for 10 d, zafirlukast treated group (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, p. o.) for 10 d and combination group treated with zafirlukast (5 mg/kg, p. o.)+nifedipine (5 mg/kg, i. p.) for 10 d before ischemia/reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion (24 h), a blood sample was collected from retro-orbital route and mice’s brain was removed by cervical dislocation to measure serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum nitrite concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), and cerebral infarct size.Results: Zafirlukast showed the dose-dependent neuroprotective activity by a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, serum nitrite level and cerebral infarct size. The high dose of zafirlukast (20 mg/kg, p. o.) and combination of zafirlukast (5 mg/kg, p. o.) with nifedipine (5 mg/kg, i. p.) showed the most potent neuroprotective effect against ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) group.Conclusion: This original study demonstrated the potency of zafirlukast in global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Also zafirlukast, in combination with nifedipine could represent a therapeutic approach to reduce inflammation associated with ischemia injury.
COMPARATIVE QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEAVES OF SENNA ITALICA COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT AREAS IN LIMPOPO PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Gololo S. S. , Mapfumari N. S. , Mogale M. A.
Published: February 2018

Objective: The current study was aimed at comparative quantitative phytochemical analysis of the leaves of S. italica collected from four districts in Limpopo province, South Africa, in order to establish whether geographical location have an effect on the accumulation of phytochemicals within the leaves of the plant species under study.Methods: The leaves of S. italica were collected from four districts in Limpopo province of South Africa namely; Capricorn, Sekhukhune, Vhembe and Waterberg districts, dried, ground to powder and extracted using different organic solvents. The extracts of the leaf samples from different locations were subjected to quantitative phytochemical analysis for total phenolic content, total tannin content, total flavonoid content and total saponin content using spectrophotometric measurements. The resultant quantities were analysed for statistical differences.Results: The leaf samples of S. italica from the four districts in Limpopo province showed significant differences (*p<0.05) in their phytochemical quantities, with main data expressed as mean±SD. Total phenolic content was in highest amounts in leaf samples from Waterberg district compared to samples from other districts. Total tannin content was in highest amounts in the Vhembe district leaf samples compared to samples from other districts. Total flavonoid content was in highest amounts in the leaf samples from Waterberg district compared to samples from other districts. Total saponin content was in highest amounts in the Vhembe district leaf samples compared to samples from other districts.Conclusion: The findings of the study thus suggest that geographical location has an effect on the accumulation of phytochemicals in the leaves of S. italica.
BETULIN-3, 28-DIPHOSPHATE SALT COMPLEXES WITH AMINES AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Melnikova Nina , Malygina Darina S. , Solovyeva Olga N. , Zhiltsova Olga E. , Vasin Victor A. , Petrov Pavel S. , Klabukova Irina N.
Published: February 2018

Objective: Studies of composition, stability and antioxidant properties of the betulin-3, 28-diphosphate complexes with dopamine and trisamine.Methods: The betulin-3, 28-diphosphate (BDP) interaction with amines in a water-alcohol medium was studied by using spectral methods and potentiometric titration. Biochemical indexes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were estimated in experiments on rats.Results: BDP was synthesized using betulin by POCl3 treatment in the presence of pyridine in dioxane. The complexation of BDP with amines was confirmed by the 31P-NMR and FTIR-spectral data. The stoichiometry of BDP-dopamine complexes was equal to 2:1 and 4:1 and its complexes with trisamine were produced in the ratio 1:1 in a water-alcohol medium. The conditional stability constant К′st of the BDP-trisamine complex is 1130±55 mol∙l-1. BDP-Tris complex improved SOD activity up to 30% and up to 105% in the presence of cytostatic-hydrazine sulfate. The MDA level in erythrocytes decreased up to 57% and in combination with cytostatics (5-fluorouracil and hydrazine sulfate)-up to 11-14%. The catalase activity increased by 44-94% and MDA level in erythrocytes decreased by 22-53% under the action BDP-DA complexes that depends on the dose.Conclusion: The BDP forms stable complexes with trisamine and dopamine that make it possible to use this compound as a component of drug delivery system for high toxicity cytostatics and for readily oxidized catecholamines. It has been shown that both its complexes with amines and the combination with cytostatics enhanced antioxidant activity in an experiment in vitro.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION AND NEW ONSET OF DIABETES IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION IN RURAL POPULATION OF HARYANA
Authors: Jhawat Vikas , Gupta Sumeet , Agarwal Bimal K. , Roy Partha , Saini Vipin
Published: February 2018

Objective: We conducted a well-designed prevalence study in a rural population of Haryana in Mullana rural area to find out the latest prevalence of essential hypertension, the prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs and the associated risk of new onset of diabetes.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on the patient data (2672 patients) from the years 2009 to 2013 at OPD of M. M. University hospital, Mullana to find the previous year’s prevalence of different diseases, including essential hypertension, new onset of diabetes and associated risk factors, prescription pattern of antihypertensive drug therapy. Based on the above results, a prospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 and total 510 patients (270 essential hypertension and 240 essential hypertension with new onset of diabetes) and 270 normal individuals were recruited in the study.Results: The retrospective study, a total of 2672 patients' data was evaluated which showed 41.21% prevalence of essential hypertension, 11.83% new onset of diabetes in Essential hypertension patients and 15.87% diabetic patients. Antihypertensive monotherapy was prescribed to 59.85% patients and combination therapy to 40.15% patients while that of a prospective study showed 40.37% patients of monotherapy and 59.63% patients of combination therapy. The prospective study also showed that different anthropometric parameters were significantly associated with risk of hypertension and new onset of diabetes except for age and height.Conclusion: An increase in the prevalence of essential hypertension and associated risk factors was observed when compared with previous studies and retrospective study. It is clearly seen by the change in drug therapy pattern and different anthropometric parameters. Implementation of a large scale awareness program is needed to combat these metabolic diseases.
Template Jurnal Sospol
Authors: Sospol Template Jurnal
Published: February 2018

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KETERKAITAN KONSEP DIRI, PROBLEM SOLVING DAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA REMAJA
Authors: Noviandari Harwanti
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan hubungan antara konsep diri dan problem solving dengan penyesuaian diri pada remaja. Subjek penelitian adalah 138 remaja kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Banyuwangi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala konsep diri, skala problem solving dan skala penyesuaian diri pada remaja yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti. Ketiga skala ini menggunakan model Likert yang terdiri dari 5 alternatif jawaban. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsep diri dan problem solving dengan variabel penyesuaian diri pada remaja; (2) Terdapat hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara konsep diri dengan penyesuaian diri pada remaja; dan (3) Terdapat hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara problem solving dengan penyesuaian diri pada remaja. Sumbangan efektif dari variabel konsep diri dan problem solving secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh sebesar 40,5 % terhadap penyesuaian diri pada remaja, sehingga ada 59,5 % variabel lain yang memberi pengaruh terhadap penyesuaian diri pada remaja selain kedua variabel X yang diteliti. Kata kunci: konsep diri, problem solving, penyesuaian diri This study aims to analyze the correlation between self concept, problem solving ability and adolescent’s personal adjustment. The subjects were 138 students of class VII in SMP Negeri 3 Banyuwangi. Data collection methods applied were scales of self concept, problem solving ability and adolescent’s personal adjustment, each of which makes use of Likert models consisting of five-alternative answer. The data were analyzed by using regression analysis. The result showed that there were (1) Significant correlation between self concept, problem solving ability and adolescent’s personal adjustment; (2) Positive correlation between self concept and adolescent’s personal adjustment; and (3) Positive correlation between problem solving ability and adolescent’s personal adjustment. Effective contribution of variables of self concept and problem solving ability altogether affected adolescent’s personal adjustment as much as 40,5 %. Therefore, the two other variables have been investigated, influenced towards adolescent’s personal adjustment from other variables as much as 59,5 %. Key words: self concept, problem solving ability and adolescent’s personal adjustment
Median Filtering for Optic Disc Segmentation in Retinal Image
Authors: Fiandono Ibnu , Firdausy Kartika
Published: February 2018

One of diabetic complications is vision disturbance known as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Early detection becomes vital to prevent the development of DR by routine examination of the patient's eyes. This study developed a software application that can automatically segment the image of the eye retina, expected to assist eye specialists in performing DR detection using computer aids. The system implementation uses Visual C# 2010 software with 36 retinal images of the Drishti-GS1 dataset. The clinical features of the retina that can be used to detect DR are microaneurysms, hard and soft exudates, hemorrhages, neovascularization, and macular edema. Optic Disc (OD) segmentation is an important step to detect these features. This study aimed to detect OD using red channel, inversion, contrast enhancement, median filtering, and thresholding. The final result of the OD segmentation was validated by measuring the positive predictive value (PPV). The result of PPV for the detection of OD to ground truth image reached 90.924%.
A Study of Augmentativization in English and Bangla
Authors: Morshed Sarwar
Published: February 2018

Augmentativization refers to the processes of formation of words denoting largeness. In this study, the researcher has juxtaposed English and Bangla vis-à-vis their mechanisms in the construction of augmentatives. The present research reveals that the languages under this study have striking similarities in the process of augmentativization. Both the languages use affixation in the construction of augmentatives. Curiously, the two languages employ prefixation to form the bulk of their augmentative vocabulary. Suffixation in augmentativization is very marginal in both the languages. Apart from affixation, the two languages employ compounding to form augmentatives. Still, the two tongues have another category of augmentatives known as frozen or lexicalized augmentatives.  The catalogue of identical processes used in the construction of augmentatives does not end here. Borrowing is a good source of augmentative vocabulary in both the languages. English and Bangla have borrowed augmentatives or augmentative markers from foreign sources. Gradation of augmentatives is also possible in both the languages.

Keywords: augmentative, augmentizer, frozen augmentative, morphological augmentative, pragmatic function.
Curriculum and Technology Design: A Course to Explore Technology Applications in EFL Curriculum Design
Authors: Yuyun Ignasia
Published: February 2018

Teaching and technology pedagogy should be mastered by a teacher in this digital era. It is an inevitable fact that teachers should realize. To be in line with technology development, teachers are expected to bring any technology-based applications to the classroom.  Many education institutions from Kindergarten to Higher Education around the world equip their teachers with technology-based training. In particular, Technology Enhanced Language Learning (TELL) has been mushrooming in English Language Teaching trends. To comply with this demand, Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has been developed by Koehler & Mishra (2006) to equip student teachers in English Department. Therefore, Technology and Curriculum Design course is designed to tailor Pre-Service English Teachers how to integrate technology in EFL curriculum design. By having blended learning activities, teaching and learning activities are conducted to explore technology applications to design an EFL curriculum. Any class projects are technology-based assignments such as infographic, poster, mind map, questionnaire, presentation, etc. using CANVA, Google applications, presentation applications, lesson plan application (LessonWRITER), quiz application (Quizlet), and interactive book applications (AnyFlip, Flipping Book, FlipSnack), etc.               

Keywords: curriculum, EFL, technology
Reforma Agraria Dan Revitalisasi Pertanian Di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura di Jawa Barat
Authors: Sihaloho Martua , Purwandari Heru , Ita Dyah
Published: February 2018

Pemanfaatan sumber-sumber agraria diharapakan dapat bermanfaat untuk kesejahteraan rakyat. Oleh karena itu, salah satu agenda yang menyangkut kebijakan agraria agar benar-benar menjadi sumber kesejahteraan adalah reforma agraria (RA). Justifikasi penelitian ini berdasarkan pada: (1) Reforma agraria merupakan program pemerintahan Susilo Bambang Yudoyono-Jusuf Kalla (2004-2009); (2) Implementasi program reforma agraria merupakan tantangan Badan Pertanahan Nasional dan stakeholders lainnya; (3) Dalam Implementasi ini, maka diperlukan pra-kondisi reforma agraria; dan (4) Fakta mengindikasikan bahwa reforma agraria di bidang pertanian perlu didukung program revitalisasi pertanian. Pada tahun pertama, penelitian ini difokuskan di Jawa Barat, yang mengambil lokasi di Desa Sidajaya, Kecamatan Cipunagara, Subang-Jawa Barat. Pendekatan penelitian yang dipilih adalah deskriptif–eksplanatif yang luwes dan terbuka untuk berkembang. Data dan informasi yang dikumpulkan dianalisis melalui pendekatan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pada tahun pertama (2009) menunjukkan bahwa (1) Peta kondisi sosio-ekonomi masyarakat (beragam lapisan petani) di Desa Sidajaya relatif masih timpang, (2) Terdapat enam lapisan masyarakat yaitu: Petani Pemilik; Petani Pemilik + Penggarap; Petani Pemilik + Buruh Tani; Petani Penggarap; Petani Penggarap + Buruh Tani; dan Buruh Tani, dan (3) Saran dari hasil penelitian ini adalah reforma agraria dalam hal asset reforma harus diikuti access reform dan juga program revitalisasi pertanian.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TEMAN SEBAYA, KONTROL DIRI, DAN JENIS KELAMIN DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SMA KRISTEN YPKPM AMBON
Authors: Patty Salomina , Wijono Sutarto , Setiawan Adi
Published: February 2018

control

and gender with student’s learning achievement in SMA Kristen

YPKPM Ambon. The population in this research is the whole students of

SMA Kristen YPKPM Ambon which amounts 797 students, while the

number of the samples that has been used in this research were 168

students. To measure the variable of social support of peers it has been

used questionnaire adapted by Malecki (2002, cited in Dewolff 2012). To

measure the variable of self-control it has been used questionnaire by

Tangney et al (2004) which is then used by Gong, et al (2009) on his

research, while the student’s achievement has been measured using the

report of students education in the first semester period 2013/2014. Before

testing thehypothesis, first is measuring the validity and reliability of

measuring instruments by using a standard p>0.30 for validity and p>0.70

for reliability. After the writer/researcher test the hypothesis, then there are

some research results as follows: there is was relationship of peer social

support and self-control with student achievement, there is no interaction

effect of peer social support and gender with student achievement, there is

no interaction effect of self control and gender with student achievement,

there is no interaction effect of peer social support, self control and gender

with student achievement, and there was difference in student learning

achievement in terms of gender
PERKEMBANGAN MUTAKHIR DALAM PENELITIAN INTERVENSI UNTUK KEPRIBADIAN AMBANG
Authors: Wibhowo Christine
Published: February 2018

Orang dengan kepribadian ambang (ODKA) menurut DSM-IV, biasanya

dimulai sejak dewasa awal dan ditunjukkan dengan kriteria antara lain

gangguan identitas, impulsif, perasaan kosong dan ada keinginan untuk

bunuh diri. Orang dengan KA jika tidak segera diintervensi dikuatirkan

akan membahayakan dirinya sendiri dan orang di sekitarnya. Oleh karena

itu artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat intervensi-intervensi mutkahir

yang telah dilakukan guna mengetahui keefektifan dari intervensi

tersebut.Hasilnya adalah karena kepribadian ambang menyentuh aspek

kognitif, afeksi dan interpersonal dan penyebabnya juga bisa karena aspek

beurobiologi, trauma masa anak dan kehidupan saat dewasa, maka

intervensi juga dilakukan dengan berbagai pendekatan.Pendekatan yang

digunakan adalah psikodinamik, kognitif, perilaku dan farmokologi.Tidak

ada satu terapi yang ditemukan lebih efektif dibanding terapi lainnya.

Dengan kata lain intervensi akan sesuai jika dipilih berdasar penyebab dan

gejala yang paling menonjol dari ODKA.
La clientela nelle Satire di Giovenale
Authors: Vitorino Monica Costa
Published: February 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre patronos e clientes, um tema amplamente tratado nas sátiras de Juvenal e que constitui um instrumento extremamente importante para o estudo do retrato da sociedade romana fornecido pelo satírico.
A apropriação e transformação de As Aves, de Aristófanes, por Paul Muldoon
Authors: Mutran Munira H
Published: February 2018

Um texto como As Aves, de Aristófanes, produzido em Dionísia em 414 a.C., é passível de diferentes leituras e interpretações. Este artigo examina as relações intertextuais entre o original grego e sua recente tradução pelo poeta irlandês Paul Muldoon; investiga, também, como os motivos predominantes de guerra, política, corrupção e utopia tornaram-se significativos na tradução de 1999.
Resenha de NUNN, John F. La medicina del antiguo Egipto. México, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2002. ( trad. Marco Antonio Pulido) 288 p., ilustr. ISBN 968-166419- 12.
Authors: Coletta Juan Francisco
Published: February 2018

Resenha de NUNN, John F. La medicina del antiguo Egipto. México, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2002. ( trad. Marco Antonio Pulido) 288 p., ilustr. ISBN 968-166419-12.
Sobre la presencia de Botrychium lunaria en la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Herrero-Borgoñón Juan J. , Fabregat Carlos , Riera Jesús
Published: February 2018

Se revisa la situación de Botrychium lunaria en la Comunidad Valenciana y se da noticia de una nueva población, que constituye la única conocida en la actualidad, puesto que las citadas anteriormente no se han podido volver a encontrar
Les Ptéridophytes du Maroc : richesse, diversité et état de conservation
Authors: Fennane Mohamed , Ibn Tattou Mohamed
Published: February 2018

La flore ptéridophytique du Maroc compte une soixantaine d'espèces, réparties entre 25 genres et 17 familles.  Les auteurs présentent cette flore sur les plans quantitatif et qualitatif en faisant des comparaisons avec des pays voisins et avec l'ensemble de la région Euro-Méditerranéenne.Les traits écologiques remarquables des fougères du Maroc sont soulignés ; des exemples précis sont donnés.Une clé dichotomique aidant à l'identification des familles, des genres et des espèces est fournie.Les états de présence et de conservation des espèces sont exposés et discutés. Une attention toute particulière est accordée à 16 espèces, considérées rares ou menacées, et à 22 autres pour lesquelles les informations sont insuffisantes.Les auteurs concluent qu'il y a urgence pour entreprendre des actions de protection de certaines espèces qui sont sérieusement menacées.
Diversity and endemism of tree ferns (Cyatheaceae: Polypodiopsida) in the Central Andes along latitudinal and elevation gradients
Authors: Tejedor Gutierrez Adrian
Published: February 2018

Tree ferns are a conspicuous and yet poorly known component of Neotropical montane forests. Conservation efforts involving these plants are hindered by a lack of information of patterns of species richness and endemism which have been in turn prevented by an unstable taxonomy and limited collections. Based on distribution data from the most recent floristic accounts of tree ferns from Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina, this study presents an analysis of species richness and endemism of this group in the Central Andes. Results show that tree fern diversity falls steeply with distance from the equator, and the effect is strongest in the lowlands than at tree line to -20°. In elevation, tree fern species richness shows a bimodal distribution with peaks at 1000 and 2100 m, where as many as 24 species can coexist in 200 m elevation intervals. Endemic species are concentrated in the northern Central Andes. Endemics in more southern latitudes tend to be restricted to higher elevations. Correspondingly, the tree fern flora of the southern Central Andes is mostly composed of widely ranging species, potentially tolerant of higher seasonality and longer term climatic fluctuations. These results provide a tool for predicting how many tree fern species should be found in any given area of the Central Andes, even those botanically unexplored, and indicates areas where species richness and endemism is concentrated, and may serve to guide efforts aimed to conserve tropical montane forests.
Stomatal traits in Iberian populations of Osmunda regalis (Osmundaceae, Polypodiopsida) and its relationship with bioclimatic variables
Authors: Lavilla Mikel , Seral Andrea , Murciano Antonio , Molino Sonia , De la Fuente Pablo , Gabriel y Galán Jose María
Published: February 2018

Stomata are very conservative structures in plants, which allows and control the gas exchange. This ecophysiological fact appear to be critical in the ecology and adaptation of plants to environment. Plant individuals can, among other issues, adjust size and density of the stomata to adapt themselves to hydric, thermic and light regimes. In turn, this led to the reduction of transpiration and control of water losses, which is crucial in areas with Mediterranean climate. The fern Osmunda regalis have populations in both biogeographical regions of the Iberian Peninsula (Eurosiberian and Mediterranean regions), but when locations are highly continental the populations are scarce and isolated. The objective of this study is to characterize the stomatal morphological traits in both regions, to detect possible adaptations in individuals occurring in Mediterranean locations. 26 individuals of 17 different populations were sampled. Applying microscopic techniques, 4447 observations of length and width, and 234 of density and PCI were done. The sampling spots were characterized by two bioclimatic indices of Emberger and Gorzynski, and also mean maximum and minimum temperature values were obtained. All the information was included in a dataset that was statistically analyzed with the software SPSS. Our results show that Osmunda regalis fronds have higher PCI and density values in the Eurosiberian region, as expected. Gorczynski continentality index (K), and the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures influences over stomatal traits. This is clearly informing that in the Mediterranean region, the temperature is an important factor that triggers stomatal adaptations of O. regalis to continental locations with higher levels of environmental stress. On the contrary, Emberger pluviometric index (Q) seems to be less explicative by its own. Perhaps this is related with the habitat of O. regalis in soils with high freatic level, fact which could lead to a more independent stomata from rainfall
The Application of Coooperative Learning Model TPS (Think Pair Share) Type for Increasing Activities and Students Achievment X IPA 1 SMA Negeri 3 Jember
Authors: E C Teripena
Published: February 2018

Mathematics is study materials that has abstract object and built base on the proces deducattive reasoning,it is the truth of concep that is goinet as the logic result from the thruth before after being got.In mathe matics approach learning it is easy to be understood by students,The proces deducative reasoning is used for strengthened the comprehension that have been owned by students.The purose of mathematics learninng is to practice way of systematic,logics,creative and consistent thinking. The problems of this research are : (a) How to increase the students’achicument learning by the application cooperative learning method of TPS model? (b)What is the effect between cooperative leaarning model method of TPS model and student’learning motivation. The purose of  this research are: (a) To know of this increasing  of student learning achievement after being applied the learning cooporative method model of TPS.(b) To know the effect of students learning motivation after having been applied the learning methd model of TPS. Thr reasearch uses action research for three cycles. Every cycle consists of four steps. They are drafting and obsrvation,reflection an revision. The targe study is the students of X IPA1 SMAN 3 Jember. The data is gained from the result of formative test,teaching leaarning observation sheet.. The result of the research is the students achievement increase from first cycle up second cycle.They are 45,16% for the first cycle with 17 students that are incomplete and the second cycle it reaches 83,87% with 5 student incomplete.  The reseach conclusion is cooprative method model TPS can effesct positively to students’ learning motivation to understan the chance of material concept so the students can reach the maximum chievmen and this learning model can used as the one of alternative mathematics learning so teaches can give this mathematics material concept more to the students.
Estado, sujetos sociales y espacio segregado en la ciudad de Santiago: Una aproximación desde la historia socio-cultural en torno a la segregación socio-espacial, 1870-1973
Authors: González Rodríguez Miguel
Published: February 2018

Este artículo constituye una aproximación a la segregación socio-espacial que se ha desarrollado desde el siglo XIX hasta 1973 en la ciudad de Santiago. En él se verá cómo las relaciones de poder y conflicto entre los sujetos sociales van configurando el espacio de la ciudad, incuyendo el conflicto político que generará la metamorfosis del Estado moderno en relación con la sociedad. Además, se visualiza como la elite nacional ha generado una mirada entorno al mundo popular sustentada en la dicotomía de civilización y barbarie, plasmando en la ciudad hábitos, roles y espacialidades que representan a cada uno de los sujetos sociales mencionados.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Estado Nación Moderno, Sujetos Sociales, Segregación Socio-Espacial, Ciudad de Santiago, Civilización y Barbarie.
Geografías de la Patagonia chilena. El pasado es la llave del futuro
Authors: Börgel Olivares Adolfo Reinaldo
Published: February 2018

Factores ambientales, procesos naturales, intervención humana, pueden modificar el medio físico y con ello el ambiente. El equilibrio de esta zona es precario, siendo posible su corrección mediante acciones sustentables. Se presenta una caracterización geológica y geomorfológica de la Patagonia chilena, sus límites y fronteras y una reflexión de las condiciones ambientales y sus posibilidades futuras.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Patagonía chilena – zonal – medio – ambiente – tectastática – tectogénesis
El Debate sobre el Desarrollo Sustentable. Los orígenes y las dinámicas de un discurso en pos del futuro
Authors: Jochum Georg
Published: February 2018

Desde la “Cumbre de la Tierra de Rio” en 1992 el nuevo paradigma de desarrollo sustentable ha logrado cierta trascendencia. Sin embargo, para llevarlo a la práctica aún falta mucho. Lo que consta es que dicho concepto pareciera ser una idea a seguir pero al analizarlo, el lector pronto se dará cuenta de que no es un término consensual. Al contrario, es un debate polifacético y contradictorio. El objetivo de este artículo es reconstruir en parte el margen de este trascendente debate globalizado. Comparando y analizando ejemplos del discurso sobre el “sustainable development” resumiremos las posiciones más destacadas, las contradicciones y los problemas de dichos discursos. Se trata de relacionar el discurso sobre el desarrollo sustentable desde la historia del pensamiento utópico. La presente exposición parte del estudio de Brand & Jochum (2000) en el que se analiza el discurso alemán del desarrollo sustentable en los años noventa además de otras investigaciónes sobre los debates en los últimos años. Para finalizar, se presentará una visión general de la actual estructuración del discurso global.

PALABRAS CLAVE: desarrollo sustentable, utopías, discursos, gran transformación, cosmopolitismo
Does the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement Address Teaching and Learning of Reading Skills in English First Additional Language?
Authors: Rapetsoa Johannah Mapotlakishe , Singh Rachael Jesika
Published: February 2018

There has been a general outcry in South Africa that learners' reading ability has deteriorated. This could be attributed to the fact that since 1998, new curricula were consistently introduced and changed with an aim of redressing the legacy of apartheid. The whole process of curriculum change not only affected the learners' ability to read, write and count, but the quality of education as well. When reading skill are not developed, learners cannot cope with their academic responsibilities. The aim of this article is to determine whether the recent curriculum, the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS), gives the teaching and learning of reading skills the necessary attention, and whether there is improvement in the reading ability of learners. The study used the mixed methods approach, but focused mainly on the qualitative approach, and employed a small scale quantitative focus to collect data from grade ten English First Additional Language (EFAL) learners and their educators, as well as curriculum policy documents. Although on paper CAPS seems to be a good curriculum, three years after its inception, educators are concerned about the reading ability of EFAL learners who are in grade ten in the Further Education and Training (FET) phase. Findings from educators and learners' data indicate that there are some learners who can read well and those who are lagging behind. The challenge of educators not receiving intense training in order to implement the new curriculum was also highlighted. The study recommends that training of educators to implement the new curriculum EFAL educators should focus on building vocabulary and teaching comprehension skills so that the reading levels of EFAL learners in the FET phase can be enhanced.
Matilda and the Mythologisation of Miss Honey and Miss Trunchbull
Authors: Bingle Branwen
Published: February 2018

The power of children's literature is such that a significant number of teachers in the UK take the texts they read as children into the classroom to share with future generations. One of the most popular authors is Roald Dahl; and his most popular title among practitioners is Matilda. As a result, the characters of Miss Honey and Miss Trunchbull have become highly influential in the cultural construction of the literary primary teacher, and even influenced real teachers' decision to train as educators. In light of the potential interplay between imagined teachers and the identity construction of teachers in training it is important to analyse what constructs the teacher are being offered in this most significant of works. In this article I investigate the way that teaching and teachers are presented by Dahl in order to examine the sociocultural constructs he offers children regarding the role and the people who choose to undertake it.
South Africa's Post-apartheid Foreign Policy Making and the Role of the President
Authors: Masters Lesley
Published: February 2018

Who makes South Africa's foreign policy? This has been an area of continuous discussion following South Africa's transition to democracy in 1994. In the foreign policy analysis discourse considerable attention has been given to the role of the head of state and government in shaping foreign policy, particularly in developed countries. With South Africa's own President assuming a predominant role in foreign policy, there is a need for further reflection on the impact of this position in foreign policy decision making. Using existing theory and current analysis this article highlights the different approaches adopted by South Africa's first four democratically elected presidents, from the international statesmanship of Mandela, to the micro-management of Mbeki, the stabiliser role of Motlanthe and the consensus-building to absent leader position of Jacob Zuma. Drawing on Joseph Nye's discussion of the characterisation of transformational and transactional leadership, this analysis traces the approaches of the different Presidents in shaping South Africa's foreign policy and international engagement.
The RARE Leadership Model, Jacob Zuma and Nkandla: Thoughts on the Virtues of Leadership
Authors: Bailie Craig
Published: February 2018

Scholarly and journalistic work on the critical state of leadership in Africa abound. Hellicy Ngambi (2011) attributes Africaâ€™s poor development, despite its wealth of diversity in natural and human resources, to leadership issues that need to be explored, considered and addressed. To confront the development challenges of a continent diverse in human and natural resources she proposes her principal and value-based, RARE (Responsible, Accountable, Relevant and Ethical) leadership model, as the most effective leadership approach. Popular perceptions suggest that, under the leadership of Jacob Zuma, the reality surrounding the leadership of many African countries has now also become the reality of South Africa. This article makes a distinction between â€˜leadership as influenceâ€™ and â€˜leadership with characterâ€™ â€“ the latter embodied in the attributes of Ngambiâ€™s RARE leadership model. Ngambi recommends that further studies be conducted to explore the application of RARE leadership. Referring to the controversial Nkandla case, in which unlawful conduct and maladministration was found to have occurred in relation to the upgrades of Jacob Zumaâ€™s private residence, this paper explores the applicability of the RARE leadership model to an assessment of the leadership of South Africaâ€™s president.Â  Â  Â
Nurses' Level of Computer Literacy and Responses Regarding the Electronic Health Record System in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ramukumba Mokholelana Margaret , El Amouri Souher
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to examine the perceived level of computer literacy, and the attitudes and behavioural responses of nurses to the introduction of the electronic health record (EHR) system in a selected hospital in the United Arab Emirates. The drive towards adopting a paperless EHR system by healthcare organisations around the world, demands an adjusted approach toward nursing practices and education. Quantitative data were collected from a convenient sample of 93 nurses in one hospital in the United Arab Emirates. The data were analysed using descriptive and chi-square Fisherâ€™s exact tests. A two-tailed p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 93 nurses participated in the study. Of these, 38Â per cent of the participants regarded themselves as proficient in the use of software applications. However, 76Â per cent of the participants indicated that they seldom used the reference tools, while 79Â per cent of the participants regarded the EHR system as too complex. The chi-square and Fisher's tests indicated a statistically significant dependency between computer literacy, behaviour and attitude. The EHR is a sophisticated and complex product that requires specific information management competencies, adequate preparation or training and appropriate attitudes. The adoption of the EHR can help nurses to accomplish their daily care tasks more efficiently and effectively, provided its functionalities are fully utilised. There is a need to understand the interface between nursing practice and technology. Implementation of the system will only be successful if nursesâ€™ concerns, skills and attitudes receive the necessary attention during all stages of the project.
PEMBERDAYAAN POS PAUD DAN WAHANA DOLANAN MENDIDIK KARAKTER BAGI ANAK USIA DINI DI KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Chasanatun Fida , Wicaksana Ervan Johan , Afifah Sofia Nur
Published: February 2018

By years, children need a more complete educational stimulation, thus requiring additional educational services are conducted by environmental agencies and early childhood education at preschool. Stimulation education conducted in home (home base) and is done outside of home (center base) should be aligned and mutually supportive, in order to obtain maximal benefit. Outside education stimulation   begins after baby 3 months or 6 months of aged. Unfortunately the service children of this age have a limited presence. If anything, not necessarily affordable to the community, both in terms of distance and cost. Post existence of early childhood as a form of early childhood kind Unit (SPS) is intended to bridge those needs. In the implementation of Post early childhood education can be integrated with a variety of early childhood services programs that already exist in the community such as: IHC, BKB (BKB), Parks Childcare (TPA), Play Group (PG). SPS program is intended for people who are not ready to engage her in a more intensive early childhood services, whether by reason of inconvenience escort, cost and other factors. Post early childhood education program will be implemented in some areas of Madiun regency that have not been getting early childhood education intensive and help parents to better know how to give good education to children at an early age period. The above options based on the need for early childhood education and have not been reached by the presence of intensive early childhood education in these areas. This program will also help parents to better know how to give good education to children at an early age period.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA MOJOPURNO MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN DARI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Prabowo Sigit Ari , Ardhi Muh. Waskito , Sasono Mislan
Published: February 2018

Jelantah oil is used cooking oil waste, this is organic but if mishandled will pollute the environment. Cooking oil is used for frying foods optimum for 4 times the pan. Cooking oil after use more than 4 times the Pan contains a very high cholesterol levels so that harm to human health that consume them. The purpose this implementation to provide training on the utilization of jelantah from Pan crackers at factory crackers Mojopurno for make an organic soap alternatives. Outreach activities are divided into three phases : 1) observation phase, carried out to determine the potential spread of the villagers and the mojopurno primarily citizens around factories manufacturing crackers; 2) stage of training, was implemented to provide skills training through the creation of soap from the raw material of oil jelantah; 3) Stage evaluation, conducted an evaluation the activities of the citizens who have obtained training in the utilization of waste oil jelantah for making soap.
PEMBERDAYAAN DESA MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGOPERASIAN MICROSOFT EXCEL DALAM ADMINISTRASI DATA MATEMATIS DESA
Authors: Andari Tri , Lusiana Restu
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this training is that trainees are able to master the operation of Microsoft Excel for data processing mathematical administration in the village. Operation of Microsoft Excel training activities carried out in two village in the district Panekan partners namely in the village and the village Milangasri Wates. Training activities conducted using survey methods, lectures, practical training and consultation discussions. In this community service activities we undertake the operation of Microsoft Excel training for administrative data processing mathematically in the village. To know the indicators of achievement of the control operation of Microsoft Excel training participants we conducted a series of evaluations at each stage of activity. From the results of the evaluation carried out, showing that the operation of Microsoft Excel training is effective, it can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants in the training. Given that most of the data processing mathematical administration in the village do with Microsoft Excel so by mastering how to operate the program, the data can be documented village easier, faster, and more complete. It is an indicator of the importance of improving the quality of village administration services and related processes performed by the village. The enthusiasm and activeness of the participants showed that this training is required by the Village.
IBM PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH RUMAH PEMOTONGAN HEWAN (RPH) KARANGANYAR SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN STARTER MOL (BIOFERTILIZER) DI KELOMPOK TANI RUKUN MAKARYO MOJOGEDANG, KARANGANYAR
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Catur Rini , Purwati Catur Suci
Published: February 2018

Abstract. IbM aims to handle livestock waste, namely the manufacture of biofertilizer (starter-mol) based on rumen livestock as well as biological fertilizer. IbM's target is to reduce waste contamination, especially rumen fluid in RPH, increase the added value of rumen fluids that can be used to source microorganisms in starter manufacture, increasing knowledge about the production of quality biofertilizer. So that the Makaryo Rukun peasant group can make their mole starter to meet their needs. The method that is done is by counseling with lectures, discussions, through training with practice directly by partners, mentoring to partners and evaluation. Based on the average evaluation increased by 37.31%.

Keywords: biofertilizer, farmer group Makaryo, RPH

 

Abstrak. IbM bertujuan untuk penanganan limbah ternak yaitu pembuatan biofertilizer (starter-mol) berbasis rumen ternak  sekaligus sebagai pupuk hayati. Target dari IbM ini adalah mengurangi pencemaran limbah khususnya cairan rumen pada RPH, meningkatkan nilai tambah cairan rumen yang dapat digunakan untuk sumber mikroorganisme pada pembuatan stsrter, meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai pembuatan biofertilizer yang berkualitas. Sehingga kelompok tani Rukun Makaryo dapat membuat starter mol sendiri untuk mencukupi kebutuhannya. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu dengan penyuluhan dengan ceramah, diskusi, melalui pelatihan dengan praktek langsung oleh mitra, pendampingan kepada mitra dan evaluasi. Berdasarkan evaluasi rata-rata mengalami peningkatan sebesar 37,31%.
Kata Kunci : biofertilizer, kelompok tani Rukun Makaryo, RPH