bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksistensi Lembaga Peradilan Dalam Negara Hukum Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Nasution Bahder Johan
Published: August 2019

Lembaga peradilan yang merupakan representasi utama wajah penegakan hukum untuk menegakkan hak asasi manusia dituntut untuk mampu melahirkan kepastian hukum, keadilan, kemanfaatan sosial dan pemberdayaan sosial melalui putusan-putusannya. Kegagalan lembaga peradilan dalam mewujudkan tujuan hukum telah mendorong meningkatnya ketidakpercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga peradilan. Munculnya kritik-kritik terhadap keberadaan lembaga peradilan tidak lain karena peradilan tidak dapat secara maksimal memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia. Putusan pengadilan yang diharapkan dapat mengembalikan keseimbangan masyarakat yang terganggu tidak dapat terpenuhi.Adanya isu mafia peradilan, keadilan dapat dibeli, ungkap-ungkapan ini merupakan reaksi dari rasa keadilan masyarakat yang terkoyak karena bekerjanya lembaga peradilan yang tidak profesional.Untuk menuju pada cita-cita pengadilan sebagai penegak hak asasi manusia, maka pengadilan harus senantiasa mengedepankan dimensi keadilan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia dalam setiap putusan yang dibuatnya. Adanya dimensi keadilan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia yang merupakan manifestasi bekerjanya lembaga peradilan, akan semakin mendekatkan lembaga peradilan sebagai pengayom masyarakat
Maqashid Syariah Dalam Ranah Politik (Studi Atas Terbitnya Perda Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemberantasan Pelacuran dan Perbuatan Asusila di Kota Jambi
Authors: Ulum Bahrul
Published: August 2019

Artikel dari hasil penelitian ini mendiskripsikan tentang berbagai faktor sosial yang melatar belakangi lahirnya Peraturan Daerah (Perda) No. 2 tahun 2014 tentang Pemberantasan Pelacuran dan Perbuatan Asusila di Jambi, yang juga  menelisik dari pendekatan maqashid syariah. Penulis menemukan sebuah arguAlmen baru bahwa tidak semua Perda bernuansa syariah hanya berorientasi pada  syariah (ansich), atau hanya untuk kepentingan politik praktis. Berbagai faktor sosial tampil mengiringi desakan terbitnya Perda ini, di mana kondisi tempat prostitusi yang memang sudah nyata-nyata melanggar norma-norma agama, sosial, adat dan hukum negara yang berlaku, yang di lokasi itu juga terboncengi oleh praktik penggunaan narkoba, minuman keras, dan perjudian. Karena itu argumen dari kalangan DPRD dan tokoh agama di Kota Jambi untuk menerbitkan Perda, sehingga  lokasi prostitusi dapat ditutup adalah untuk menghilangkan sumber kemudharatan dan menegakkan kemaslahatan umat manusia, yang merupakan kebutuhan daruri, sebagaimana tertuang dalam prinsip utama yang harus dipelihara umat manusia yaitu: memelihara agama (al-din), jiwa (al-nafs), keturunan (an-nasl), harta (al-mal) dan akal (al-aql).
Pembangunan Hukum di Indonesia (Studi Politik Hukum Islam di Indonesia Dalam Kerangka Al-Masalih)
Authors: Absori Absori
Published: August 2019

Tulisan ini mencoba mengungkap politik hukum Islam di Indonesia sebagai konstruksi dasar dari pembangunan hukum Islam di Indonesia, dengan mengunakan paradigma normative dengan pendekatan doctrinal. Pekembangan hukum Islam di Indonesia dalam beberapa periodesasi melahirkan konfigurasi politik hukum. Lahirnya piagam Djakarta yang mereduksi nilai-nilai Islam sebagai nilai kehidupan bangsa Indonesia merupakan awal dari keinginan bangsa Indonesia untuk membentuk hukum Islam di Indonesia. Eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari persepektif politik hukum, sehingga pembangunan hukum Islam di Indonesia harus berorentasi kepada nilai-nilai “al-masalih”, yang merupakan integrasi hukum positif dan nilai-nilai hukum Islam.
A Influência da Filosofia Escolástica na Formação do Pensamento Econômico
Authors: De melo Gabriel estruzani queiróz
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo buscou avaliar o papel que a escola de filosofia escolástica, tanto no seu apogeu quanto na fase tardia, teve para a formação de fundamentais conceitos que formam a base de qualquer pensamento econômico ulterior. Foram apresentadas considerações escolásticas acerca de auto regulação do mercado, comércio, preço justo, teoria do valor, concorrência, propriedade, inflação e valor do dinheiro no tempo. A universidade de Salamanca mereceu destaque, tanto por ser o berço das teorias da economia de mercado, quanto por tentar conciliar as ideias econômicas com as bases morais e históricas, de matriz judaico-cristãs, que sempre nortearam os pensadores escolásticos. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e histórica, com base documental, tanto de fontes primárias quanto de estudos posteriores, o presentatrabalho mostra as raízes escolásticas de escolas de pensamento econômico contemporâneas e a indissociabilidade dos conceitos por elas utilizados de seus autores originais.
A História da Moeda
Authors: Bernardo Marcel Pereira , Nori Rodrigo Braian , Bernardelli Luan Vinícius
Published: August 2019

maior parte da literatura econômica aponta que o dinheiro surgiu como fruto da divisão do trabalho e com o propósito de superar o problema da dupla coincidência de desejos. Entretanto, a etnografia apresenta outras considerações, demonstrando que não há evidências de nenhuma sociedade, até então conhecida, que tenha realizado amplamente o escambo para depois criar o dinheiro. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo pretende explorar o choque entre os diferentes campos de conhecimento referentes ao estudo da origem da moeda, apontando elementos que possam ser convergentes, aliando teoria econômica e registros históricos.
As origens do movimento antitruste
Authors: Lanza Joao Felipe Rodrigues , DiLorenzo Thomas J.
Published: August 2019

Diversos estudos contemporâneos evidenciam a necessidade de introdução da competição nos setores de transporte, energia e outros mercados tidos como monopólios naturais, devido à ineficiência gerada pelos monopólios regulados por agências governamentais. Entretanto, pouco se estuda sobre as consequências da regulação conhecida como antitruste, remonta a um processo político protecionista do final do Século XIX, e que serviu de base para a maior parte da regulação governamental sobre diversas indústrias acusadas de praticas monopolistas. Neste artigo, são estudadas as origens do movimento antitruste como iniciativa política, analisadas as evidências sobre as indústrias acusadas de monopolização, e demonstrada a hipótese de pesquisa de que as regulações antitruste e suas derivadas têm mais restringido a competição do que melhorar o desempenho dos mercados através da correção de supostas “falhas de mercado”.
Os Austríacos e o Método
Authors: Lourenço Filho Marcelo
Published: August 2019

A ortodoxia econômica contemporânea tem uma relação dual com a metodologia: ao mesmo tempo em que não debate temas relacionados ao método, nega reconhecimento a quem não segue a sua “metodologia oficial”. Este artigo tem por objetivo enfatizar a importância dos austríacos liderarem o debate metodológico em Economia, destacando suas críticas ao positivismo e defendendo sua própria postura metodológica, que é muito próxima à tradição clássica. É tratado também da inserção do positivismo em Economia, em que são colocados os problemas epistemológicos desta análise e a crítica dos austríacos. Por fim, coloca-se uma proposta de postura metodológica para a EA com o objetivo de ampliar o diálogo com a ortodoxia e permitir uma crítica externa a ela.
Falhas de mercado no setor aeroportuário e contraposição da visão neoclássica com a escola austríaca e escola de public choice
Authors: Mazzoni João Fernando Rossi
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a questão da regulação econômica aplicada ao setor aeroportuário, conciliando visões de três correntes de pensamento econômico sobre o tema. Serão mostradas as características das falhas de mercado na perspectiva neoclássica, representativas do mainstream econômico, e os problemas de tentar regular o setor a partir da perspectiva de duas diferentes escolas de pensamento econômico, com foco na visão da Escola Austríaca de Economia. Economia e algumas percepções da Escola de Escolha Pública.
An Essay on Adaptive Development
Authors: Filartiga Gabriel Braga
Published: August 2019

Development theory and practice need a new approach that, more than pointing out institutions to be improved, unveils the underlying mechanisms of path dependent processes of underdevelopment. This paper presents insights for such approach while making the statement that development is not exclusively an issue of interventionism, but rather must be taken from the perspective of spontaneous order. The starting point is the idea that development is an evolutionary process of trials, errors, learning and adaptation. The keystone is the concept of learning as a process of adaptive reorganization that links the microgenesis of capabilities and institutions to the production of social goods. The main argument in that adaptive efficiencyis the product of an evolutionary process in which certain types of learning prevail, locking societies in vicious cycles of underdevelopment or unlocking the path to prosperity. When individuals and groups learn reflectively, in the sense that they reflect upon not only their problem-solving tasks but also upon the assumptions underlying their actions, they are more likely to adaptively reorganize capabilities and institutions locally. Without such reflection, they keep locked in unreflective patterns of underdevelopment.
As teorias da justiça de Hayek e Rawls
Authors: De Quadros Matheus
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo objetiva comparar as teorias da justiça propostas por Friedrich Hayek e John Rawls, intentando observar a curiosa frase de Hayek que diz que a diferença entre os autores seria mais terminológica do que sobre conteúdo. Para isso, será resgatada documentação indireta bibliográfica como forma de entender as convergências e divergências entre os autores, traçando os conceitos gerais de ambas as teorias e visando os paralelos ideológicos de ambos os autores. Conclui-se com a pesquisa realizada que os autores, apesar de liberais que se basearam em fontes semelhantes em sua formação, chegam à conclusões completamente diversas em suas teorias da justiça, o que se dá por noções conceituais e finsteóricos diversos entre Hayek e Rawls, apesar de diversas convergências metodológicas que motivaram a frase de Hayek em um primeiro momento.
The robust beauty of the majority rule by a small number of selected members
Authors: Nakawake Yo , Takezawa Masanori
Published: August 2019

The principle of majority rule is a major decision-making strategy widely used in human and animal society. While majority rule yields highly accurate performance compared to individuals in the same situation, its performance is strongly undermined by a small correlation among individual judgments. We focus on the alternative, selected majority rule, which is the majority rule by a small number of comities selected from the large group. The present study investigated relative advantages of a smaller group of selected majority rule with computer simulation, systematically controlling 4 parameters—group size, distribution of individual performance (mean and variance), and correlation among decisions. The result showed that compared to simple majority rule and the single expert, the selected majority rule robustly yields higher performance against changes in these parameter values. Further, the absolute number of committee members contributes to robustness against the influence of group size. This robustness is undermined if the number of committee members increases proportionally to the number of total members, even though the committee members are a minority. Thus, an absolute number of group size is more critical than the proportion of selected members. This study indicates that the rationale for the majority decision of smaller committees is often fixed against the total number of members in the organization in terms of decision accuracy.
Studi Kelayakan Pengembangan Pada Usaha Penerbit Ide Kreatif
Authors: Febriyantoro Mohamad Trio
Published: August 2019

Penerbit ide kreatif merupakan usaha yang bergerak dalam bidang penerbit independen
Surface geometry and holographic integral
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: August 2019

Surface geometry and holographic integral
Peranan Gaya Kepemimpinan
Authors: Parmin Yohanes
Published: August 2019

Kepemimpinan (leadership) dapat dikatakan sebagai cara dari seorang pemimpin (leader), dalam mengarahkan, mendorong, dan mengatur semua unsur-unsur didalam suatu organisasi untuk mewujudkan suatu tujuan yang akan dicapai, sehingga menghasilkan kinerja pegawai yang maksimal. Untuk meraih tujuan tersebut harus di upayakan bagaimana cara seorang pemimpin dapat memberikan dorongan semangat kerja kepada karyawan, agar sasaran maupun tujuan yang di rencanakan secara bersama dapat mencapai target. Selain itu, pemimpin dapat memberikan promosi jabatan bagi karyawan yang berprestasi agar, terciptanya kepuasan kerja karyawan. Dengan memberikan kompensasi, karyawan akan memiliki kepuasan kerja maupun semangat kerja yang tinggi untuk mencapai suatu target. Kepuasan kerja adalah keadaan emosional karyawan di mana terjadi atau pun tidak terjadi titik temu antara nilai balas jasa kerja karyawan dari perusahaan/organisasi dengan tingkat nilai balas jasa yang memang diinginkan oleh karyawan yang bersangkutan. Analisa ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan yang dilakukan pada perusahaan XX. Dalam melakukan penelitian penulis menggunakan metode analisa regresi berganda dan menggunakan koefisien determinasi uji F dan uji T untuk melakukan pengujian hipotesis. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 50 responden karyawan Perusahaan XX. Dari ketiga variabel independen yang diuji secara individual, tipe kepemimpinan yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja karyawan adalah tipe pemimpin Otoriter (X2).
Kearifan Lokal dan Pelestarian Lingkungan
Authors: Putra Zeri Milyuta
Published: August 2019

Kearifan lokal merupakan pengetahuan masyarakat yang muncul dari periode yang panjang berevolusi antara masyarakat dan lingkungannya. Kearifan lokal oleh sebagian masyarakat dijadikan dasar dalam pengelolaan lingkungan yang berprinsip kepada pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Kemajuan teknologi dalam era globalisasi telah berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan dan eksistensi dari kearifan lokal, karena nilai-nilai atau adat istiadat tersebut dianggap telah tidak sesuai lagi dengan kemajuan zaman yang serba modern. Di sisi lain sebenarnya kalau dikaji, prinsip dan konsep kearifan lokal dapat tetap hidup berdampingan dengan era globalisasi ini, malah dapat dijadikan referensi dari pembangunan yang berkelanjutan setelah tentunya melalui pemberdayaan nilai-nilai dan pengetahuan local tersebut. Berdasarkan sisi etnis dan budaya daerah sejatinya menunjuk kepada karaktreristik masing-masing keragaman bangsa Indonesia. Tiap-tiap daerah sebenarnya telah memiliki suatu pengetahuan lokal dan kearifan lokal yang bermacam-macam dan berbeda wujudnya. Meskipun istilah yang digunakan berbeda-beda dan langkah-langkah yang sudah menjadi bagian tradisi tidak selalu sama, semua itu menjadi potensi dalam rangka membentuk mitigasi bencana yang bermuatan pada potensi kearifan lokal masyarakat. Pada sisi yang lain, karakteristik itu mengandung nilai-nilai luhur memiliki sumber daya kearifan, di mana pada masa-masa lalu merupakan sumber nilai dan inspirasi dalam strategi memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, mempertahankan diri dan merajut kesejehteraan kehidupan mereka. keanekaragaman merupakan kekayaan intelektual dan kultural sebagai bagian dari warisan budaya yang perlu dilestarikan. Seiring dengan peningkatan teknologi dan transformasi budaya ke arah kehidupan modern serta pengaruh globalisasi, warisan budaya dan nilai-nilai tradisional masyarakat adat tersebut menghadapi tantangan terhadap eksistensinya.
Woman on Buru Island
Authors: ARUADSU
Published: August 2019

The existence of women in the customary structure often has a position as a complement of males so that their existence is limited by the stigma and norms that apply to the society. The existence of women in customs in Buru Island became an idea of how women are placed on the social economic space based on the inteprestation of men as customary rulers. This research is a qualitative study aimed at describing the existence of women in the customs of Buru Island. The research location focuses on three indigenous villages namely Kayeli village, Kubalahin and Wasi with consideration of the existence and the existence of adat that is still preserved. The number of informant that will be interviewed as many as 30 people taken in purposive. The analytical techniques used to follow the concepts given by Miles and Huberman include data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal of conclusions. The results showed that the distinction between men and women occurred through the process of socialization, strengthening and the construction of socio-cultural, even through the power of tradition. Women with all abilities and limitations only placed on complementary positions on customary structures ruled by men even though women are given certain status and awards but remain in male domination
Justifying the data analytical choice in single case research in relation to the expected data pattern
Authors: Manolov Rumen
Published: August 2019

The lack of consensus regarding the most appropriate analytical techniques for single-case experimental designs data requires justifying the choice of any specific analytical option. The current text mentions some of the arguments, provided by methodologists and statisticians, in favor of several analytical techniques. Additionally, a small-scale literature review is performed in order to explore if and how applied researchers justify the analytical choices that they make. The review suggests that certain practices are not sufficiently explained. In order to improve the reporting regarding the data analytical decisions, it is proposed to choose and justify the data analytical approach prior to gathering the data. As a possible justification for data analysis plan, we propose using as a basis the expected the data pattern (specifically, the expectation about an improving baseline trend and about the immediate or progressive nature of the intervention effect). Although there are multiple alternatives for single-case data analysis, the current text focuses on visual analysis and multilevel models and illustrates an application of these analytical options with real data. User-friendly software is also developed.
Reactivity to Measures of Metacognition
Authors: Double Kit S , Birney Damian P.
Published: August 2019

Metacognition is typically measured by collecting self-reported information from participants while they complete a cognitive task. Recent evidence suggests that eliciting such metacognitive information from participants can impact both their metacognitive processes and their cognitive performance. Although there are contradictory findings regarding the magnitude and even the direction of this effect, recent evidence has converged to provide a clearer picture of the mechanisms that determine reactivity. Here, we provide a review of the evidence that measures of metacognition, namely think-aloud protocols, judgments of learning, and confidence ratings, are reactive. We argue that reactivity has important implications not just for the measurement of metacognition, but for metacognition theorizing because reactivity can provide insights into the cues participants use to monitor their performance. Drawing from this synthesis of evidence, we propose a framework for studying reactivity that integrates cue processing accounts of reactivity with existing models of metacognition. We conclude the review by addressing some of the pertinent questions yet to be comprehensively addressed by reactivity research, including how researchers should best address issues of reactivity when using experimental designs.
Interpretation bias across body dysmorphic, social anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder – a multilevel, diffusion model account
Authors: Dietel Fanny Alexandra , Möllmann Anne , Bürkner Paul - Christian , Wilhelm Sabine , Buhlmann Ulrike
Published: August 2019

Interpretation biases are suggested to be transdiagnostic phenomena, but have rarely been compared across disorders and current concerns. We investigated explicit, decision-based and more implicit, reaction time-based interpretation bias in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD; N = 29), social anxiety disorder (SAD; N = 36), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; N = 22), and non-clinical controls (NC; N = 32), using an adapted Word Sentence Association Paradigm (WSAP). Results indicated that interpretation bias occurred transdiagnostically, while content-specific bias patterns varied meaningfully across groups. BDD and SAD shared explicit and, more inconsistently, implicit interpretation biases for appearance-related and social situations. The GAD group exhibited a negative interpretation bias for general situations, and an additional implicit lack of positive bias. Mechanistic Wiener diffusion model analyses revealed that interpretation bias was mainly driven by speeded information uptake, potentially mirroring disorder-specific associative memory organization. These findings have important implications for the understanding of interpretation biases as both etiological and treatment factors.
Resurrected Memories: Sleep-dependent memory consolidation saves memories from competition induced by retrieval practice
Authors: Liu Xiaonan , Ranganath Charan
Published: August 2019

Retrieval practice improves retention of tested information, and it can either inhibit or facilitate retention of untested information. Here, we investigated how semantic relatedness, episodic context, and sleep-dependent memory consolidation determine the effects of retrieval practice on retention of untested items. Participants studied lists of scene-word associations. Each scene was associated with two different words (“pairmates”) that were either semantically-related or unrelated and either in the same (temporally-close) or different lists (temporally-far). In three experiments, retrieval practice of scene-word associations facilitated retention of unpracticed, temporally-close pairmates and inhibited retention of temporally-far, semantically-unrelated pairmates. Critically, retrieval practice inhibited retention of temporally-far, semantically-related pairmates if participants were unable to sleep during the retention interval, but it facilitated retention of these items if participants were able to sleep. Our findings suggest that sleep extends the benefits of testing by facilitating the integration of practiced information with related information from different events.
Robust diversity in cognitive science
Authors: Vandekerckhove Joachim , White Corey , Trueblood Jennifer S , Rouder Jeffrey N. , Matzke Dora , Leite Fabio P. , Etz Alexander , Donkin Chris , Devezer Berna , Criss Amy H. , Lee Michael David
Published: August 2019

The target article on robust modeling (Lee et al.) generated a lot of commentary. In this reply, we discuss some of the common themes in the commentaries; some are simple points of agreement while others are extensions of a practical or abstract nature. We also address a small number of disagreements or confusions.
Are we on the same page? Latent variable modeling suggests different nomothetic and idiographic factor structures for momentary affect
Authors: Haqiqatkhah MohammadHossein Manuel , tuerlinckx francis
Published: August 2019

Objective: This study investigated the factor structure underlying affect and whether it differs within and between persons. Method: In an exploratory study, 12 datasets of self-reported momentary emotions collected via experience sampling method (11 datasets) and daily diaries (one dataset) were analyzed using graded response models based on item response theory. Before doing so, two pools of datasets were extracted so that the intraindividual (sampling all measurements of a person) and interindividual (sampling measurement occasions of different individuals) variations are disentangled. Various factor models were then fitted to each pool via an alternative-model confirmatory factor analysis. The candidate models were compared according to their relative goodness of fit. The best-fitting models were defined using a vote-counting method. Results: The intrapersonal momentary variations of affect can be best explained by a unidimensional factor structure resembling valence while individual differences are explained by a two-dimensional construct similar to positive and negative activation constructs. Conclusions: The structure of change in affect is not the same between and within persons. This implies that the nomothetic and idiographic analyses do not converge, providing evidence for construct nonequivalence between the two levels of analysis.
A Large-Scale Test of the Replicability and Generalizability of Survey Measures in Close Relationship and Sexuality Science
Authors: Gauvin Stephanie , Merwin Kathleen , Kilimnik Chelsea , Maxwell Jessica A. , Sakaluk John Kitchener
Published: August 2019

When measurement models are not replicable and/or generalizable, clinical assessments become of questionable utility, and unreplicable findings from studies using those measures will follow. Inspired by recent examinations of measurement in neighboring fields of psychology, we propose a Registered Report, in order to evaluate the replicability and generalizability of 20 well-known and emerging measures assessing elements of romantic relationships and sexuality. After collecting a large sample of that is both sexually and relationally diverse, we will evaluate the taxometric structure, measurement model replicability, reliability, and generalizability of each measure across a multitude of theorized sources of noninvariance. Our results are likely to be of high value to clinical researchers and practitioners alike, as we identify which measures can produce credible assessments, while simultaneously revealing measures with limited replicability and/or generalizability, as well as relational and sexual concepts for which groups may have radically different mental constructions.
Beta-alanine Supplementation Neither Reduce the Oxidative Stress nor Improve Physical Performance of Volleyball Athletes
Authors: Silvestre Jean Carlos , Gianoni Rodrigo , Esteves Gilmar , Lambertucci Rafael , de Moura Zagatto Alessandro , Azevedo Paulo Henrique Silva Marques
Published: August 2019

This study analyzed whether the Beta-Alanine (BA) supplementation improves performance and oxidative stress indices during the tapering period. We assessed eleven volleyball athletes over 8-week. The performance was evaluated through the countermovement jump (CMJ). We evaluated Internal Training Load (ITL), questionnaires (Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symp-tom Survey 21 – WURSS 21) and oxidative stress (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS, uric acid and nitrite). Athletes supplemented with BA or dextrose (PL) at doses of 6.4 g/day. Beta-alanine (BA) supplementation does not modulate the performance (CMJ). Along the treatment period, the internal load of the PL group remained higher than the BA group (P=0.011). The uric acid and nitrite were neither modulated by training nor treatment. Howev-er, the TBARS was lower at post moment than pre, without difference between groups. Thus, BA supplementation neither increased the performance nor decreased oxidative stress in vol-leyball athletes after a period of training intensification.
Influence of abiotic factors on the green mass and seed productivity of the raw material of Levisticum оfficinalе c. Koch in the conditions of Transcarpathia
Authors: Kormosh S. M. , Simon G. , Povlin I. E.
Published: August 2019

For the wide implementation of Levisticum officinalе C. Koch in Transcarpathia into production it is necessary to widen its sort composition, as it is rather poor in Ukraine. Solving this problem is possible by enriching the source material with the samples of different ecological and/or geographical origin, by studying the influence of abiotic factors on the formation of green mass and seed productivity, separating the specimens best adapted to the conditions of growing, involving them into the selection process and creating new, highly productive sorts on this basis. The scientists of the Transcarpathian State Agricultural Experimental Station (TSAES) conducted researches (during 2011-2016) on the adaptive potential of the source material of the type of Levisticum officinalе C. Koch, which counts seven samples (Ukraine – 5 samples, Poland – 1, and Romania – 1), the selection work on creating new varieties for the given region is being done. The investigations were made on soddy podzolic gleyed low-humus soils with low content of nutrients. The results were obtained on the basis of generally accepted methods of investigation, i.e.: laboratory, field, visual, measuring-weighing, biochemical, mathematically statistic, and comparative-calculating. In the conditions of Transcarpathia the spicy greens of the high quality L. officinalе C. Koch are being gathered on days 25-30, the output of the essential oil makes up from 0.72 tо 1.89% on c.d.s., depending on the climate conditions of growing. The plants pass through all the stages of development, the bush is 55.4 to 92.7 сm in height, the plants form a big amount of rosette-shaped stems (11-34 pieces), the productivity of spicy greens is between 9.9 and 42.1 t hа1. The scientists of TSAES created the following sorts – Mriya (А. с. 06131 Ukraine, first registered in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine) and Coral (Pat. on the variety № 140830). Economic effect from growing of the Coral variety in the conditions of Transcarpathia is 10230 UAH/ha and the level of profitability is 28.4%. The geographic position and agroclimatic conditions of Transcarpathia, as well as the unpretentiousness of L. officinalе C. Koch. tо the conditions of growing contribute to the enrichment of the local flora with useful plants; and the rich chemical composition contributes to the spread of this culture in the given region.
The Inauguration of Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology
Authors: Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza
Published: August 2019

On behalf of the Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention (APOCP) and its subsidiary (the West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention- WAOCP), it is a great honor to present the inaugural issue of Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology (APJCB, ISSN ). APJCB is branching out from Asian pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention to become the journal of choice for the large community researchers in the Asian and Pacific region who work on the biology of cancer. Its goal is to become leading online forum to disseminate the work of Asia and Pacific Regions’s cancer scientists to the global audience. APJCB inherits its inception from the backbone of 17 years of successful publication of the Asian Pacific Cancer Prevention (APJCP) and considers itself as a sister publication of the APJCP.
Quantification of Main Bcr-abl Gene Transcripts in CML Patients Using Competitive RT-PCR
Authors: Nazemi Ali , Hashemi Mehrdad , Sharifi Shahrashoub , Movafagh Abolfazl
Published: August 2019

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is the outcome of a chromosomal translocation and abl and bcr genes fusion. The present study is an attempt to implement a simple and inexpensive method for quantification of bcr-abl fusion transcripts in CML patients. Competitive RT-PCR technique was used to quantify bcr-abl transcripts. Internal control DNA piece was designed and synthesized from a non-human source, which was smaller than the target DNA in length but with the end identical to the main target piece. Following proliferation and purification, the transcriptions were quantified. To optimize reaction condition, competitive PCR was first performed separately on the target DNA with a given number of copies and a given number of copies of internal controls and the result of the reaction was electrophoresed for all concentrations of agarose electrophoreses gel. Results of simultaneous reactions of target RNA along with different number of copies of internal controls showed that the number of target RNA copies can e determined through comparing intensity of the color of DNA bands on the gel. The results showed that comparing with other methods like Real-time, the competitive RT-PCR is a relatively efficient and economic method to quantify bcr-abl transcripts.
Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumor: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Brain Tumor Rates in the Nordic Population
Authors: Ranjbaran Mehdi , Khodadost Mahmood , Mansori Kamyar , Mousavi Jarrahi Seyed Houssien , Ayubi Erfan , Nazarzadeh Milad , Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza
Published: August 2019

Background: The association of the mobile phone use and risk of brain tumor remains controversial among radiation epidemiologists. Methods: We hypothesized if an association between brain tumor and mobile phone use exists, this association will be manifested as a cohort effect (as a proxy of association between mobile phone use and brain tumor) in the incidence rates of brain tumor during the period of 1990 to 2009. We used age-period-cohort methodology (generalized log-linear model) and compared the distribution of cohort effects in the observed rates of brain tumor from 1990 to 2009 to the cohort effects from rates driven based on epidemiological study results that reported a positive association between brain tumor and mobile phone use in the Nordic population. Three latency period of 1-4 years with odds ratio (OR) of 1.2, latency period of 5-9 years with OR of 1.3, and latency period of more than 10 years with OR of 2.7 were used to estimate expected rates. Results: The distribution of cohort effects between observed and expected rates were more similar among the males compared with females. A shorter latency was more con¬sistent to observed rates. Conclusion: Our study supports a possible a weak association between mobile phone use and brain tumor; further fueling the controversies in association.
Investigation of Characteristics and Behavior of Loaded Carboplatin on the, Liposomes Nanoparticles, on the Lung and Ovarian Cancer: An In-Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Hasanzadegan Roudsari Majid , Saeidi Nasim , Kabiri Nahid , Ahmadi Afrooz , Mazloumi Tabrizi Maral , Ebrahimi Shahmabadi Hasan , Akbarzadeh Khiyavi Azim , Reghbati Behnaz
Published: August 2019

Carboplatin is a chemotherapy drug which is used against some forms of cancer such as ovarian and lung carcinoma. This research was investigated to optimize and assess the Cytotoxicity of carboplatin Nanoliposomes on ovarian and lung cancer cell lines. Nanoparticles were prepared using reverse phase evaporation technique and characterized for light microscopy, spectrophotometry and drug-release properties. In the next step, A2780S and A2780CP (ovarian) and TC1 (lung) cell lines were used to determine the rate of Nano liposomal carboplatin cytotoxicity. In this research, size and zeta potentials are 244.3±16.7nm and 22.9± 1.7 mV, respectively. High encapsulation capacity (78.6±3.7%) confirmed the efficiency of the reverse phase evaporation technique. The cytotoxic effect of this Nano liposome on all cell lines was significantly increased when compared with the free drug (P<0.05). Our findings suggest that carboplatin liposomal Nanocarriers could serve as alternative chemotherapy modality for ovarian and lung cancer therapy.
Personalised Medicine in Modern Era
Authors: Movafagh Abolfazl
Published: August 2019

Personalised Medicine is a medical procedure that separates patients into different groups-with medical decisions, practices, interventions and/or products being tailored to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease. The terms personalized medicine, precision medicine, stratified medicine are used interchangeably to describe this concept.
The IRX3 Gene; the Missing Link between the FTO Gene and Obesity
Authors: Doaei Saeid , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Mousavi Jarrahi Alireza , Badakhanian Marjan , Najafi Rahim
Published: August 2019

Aims: The aim of this study was the investigation of the mediator role of the IRX3 gene in the relationship between the FTO gene and obesity.Materials and Methods: All related articles published in English from June 1990 to February 2017 were studied.Results: Only a Few studies have examined the association between the IRX3 gene with the FTO gene and obesity. However, all of them reported that the FTO gene can influence the IRX3 gene expression. Also, it’s reported that the IRX3 gene expression level has a significant association with body weight and body composition. Conclusions: The FTO gene effects on obesity is in part due to its impact on the IRX3 gene expression level. The further studies are needed to investigate this interaction and clarify the existing mechanisms.
The Effects of ATO on Mitochondria Apoptosis Pathway Genes Expression in APL Cell Line
Authors: Sharifizadeh Maede , Davarian Kimia , Hashemi Mehrdad , Momeni Majid , Ali Moghdam Kamran , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir , Ghafari Hamidollah , Movafagh Abolfazl
Published: August 2019

Purpose and Background: Acute promyelocystic leukemia is the most malignant acute leukemia that leads to death in few weeks. It constitutes 10-15% of acute myelocystic leukemia. Arsenic trioxide, as a single agent factor, is known as the best treatment for acute promyelocystic leukemia, which mainly functions by inducing apoptosis. However, there is no clear image of the mechanism through which apoptosis is induced and how the genes expression is deeply affected. Thus, the present study is an attempt to examine the effect of the agent on expression of the genes dealing with the cancer. Methodology: The study was carried out as an analytical work. To find out about the mechanisms effective on inducing apoptosis, cell line NB4 were cultured with 0.5µM, 1 µM, and 2 µM arsenic trioxide and their RNA was extracted after 12hrs, 24hrs, 28hrs, and 72hrs. Following cDNA synthesis, apoptosis genes expression at mitochondria pathway including caspase 3, Mcl-1, and Bcl-2 were examined using Real-Time PCR. The data was analyzed using t-test and variance analysis in Excel.Findings: It was found that arsenic caused apoptosis was featured with decrease of mRNA expression of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic. However, expression of caspase 3 and Mcl-1 genes remained unchanged after culturing by arsenic. Conclusion: The results showed that changes in Bcl-2 gene expression can be considered as a mechanism of apoptosis caused by arsenic, while caspase 3 and Mcl-1 genes had no effect on the mechanism.
Using High Resolution Melting Method for Detecting Nucleotide Polymorphisms of STK11 Gene Germline in Patients with Digestive System Cancers
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Jamal , Nazemi Ali , Hashemi Mehrdad , Miri Nargesi Mirsaed , Sharirfi Sharashout , Shaveisi Zadeh Farhad , Karaminia Ali Asghar , Movafagh Abolfazl
Published: August 2019

Background and Objective: High resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a technique to measure decrease of fluoresce, caused by discharge of the dye, throughout DNA thermal melting gradient process. STK11 gene encodes one of cellular serine-threonine kinase proteins that regulates cellular polarity. It also acts as tumor suppressor protein. Mutations of germline in the gene is coincident with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and potential of developing a variety of neoplasia. Methodology: In an experimental study, genome DNA of 56 patients with digestive system cancer was extracted. Afterward, nucleotide changes over the gene were examined using Real-time PCR and High resolution melting (HRM). Findings: Nucleotide screening using HRM technique revealed two types of SNP in introns 6 & 7 in 10 patients. Four patients showed homozygous C/T nucleotide changes [cluster id/dsSNP/rs9282860] in intron 6 and six patients showed heterozygous C/G nucleotide changes [cluster id/dsSNP/rs2075607] in intron 7. Comparison of HRM results with sequencing results indicated 100% conformity. Conclusion: Although no mutation was observed in exon section of the gene, primary screening of STK11 gene to diagnose unknown nucleotide changes of germline and somatic in patients with neoplasia using HRM was feasible, easy, and cost effective.
The Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Moradi-Sardareh Hemen , Moradi Maryam , Bordbar Elham , Malekpour Mohammadreza , Bagheri Sara , Nakhodazadeh Nasrin , Rahbar Shahin , Farhadian Asgarabadi Javad
Published: August 2019

Background and objective: Antibody molecules have similar structure but variable binding sites to antigen. Human antibodies are achieved by transgenic mouse technology or phage display. Antibodies are used for the treatment of different diseases. Alzheimer is a cow disease with a delayed onset overpresenting in adults in their 70s to 90s. This disease is the leading cause of central nervous system (CNS) degeneration during 7 to 15 years in the aging population. Several hypotheses have offered monoclonal antibodies action mechanism in relation to amyloid cleaning at Alzheimer disease. According to this mechanism, the appropriate antibody passes blood-brain barrier, enters into brain, and binds to amyloid to launch its phagocytosis activity in microglia and/or macrophage/monocytes infiltrating. The present study aimed to review antibody structure and the use of different antibodies for the treatment of Alzheimer disease.
The Role of Transposable Element or Jumping Genes in Cancers
Authors: Movafagh Abolfazl
Published: August 2019

Genomic, proteomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic analyses of human tumors indicate that there are thousands of anomalies within each cancer genome compared to matched normal tissue. Based on these analyses it is evident that there are many undiscovered genetic drivers of cancer. Performing an unbiased forward genetic screen in human provides the tools to generate tumors and analyze their genetic composition, while reducing the background of passenger mutations. The transposon system is one such method that can be inserted throughout the genome by the transposable element. A transposable element or jumping genes (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell’s genome size. Transposable elements make up a large fraction of the genome and are responsible for much of the mass of DNA in a eukaryotic cell. There are at least two classes of TEs: Class I TEs or retrotransposons generally function via reverse transcr ption, while Class II TEs or DNA transposons encode the protein transposase, which they require for insertion and excision, and some of these TEs also encode other proteins. The most common transposable element in humans is the Alu sequence. It is approximately 300 bases long and can be found between 300,000 and one million times in the human genome. Alu alone is estimated to make up 15–17% of the human genome. Transposon s are mutagens and their movements are often the causes of genetic disease. They can damage the genome of their host cell in different ways. A transposon or a retrotransposon that inserts itself into a functional gene will most likely disable that gene causing cancers. After a DNA transposon leaves a gene, the resulting gap will probably not repaired correctly.
LSP1 Gene rs3817198 Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Sanjari Moghaddam Ali , Roodgar Morteza , Mansourpour Hamid , Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza
Published: August 2019

In this meta-analysis, we tried to clear the relationship between breast cancer risk and LSP1 gene rs3817198T>C polymorphism. This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA protocol. We searched PubMed/Medline, Web of sciences and EMBASE. All literature investigating the association of LSP1 gene rs3817198T>C and breast cancer risk were considered to include in the meta-analysis. We pooled ORs using both fixed and random-effect models. Egger’s test and funnel plot were used to evaluate Publication bias and small study effect. After evaluation and screening of citations, 14 publications were eligible for final analysis after applying of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, 30,204 cases and 35,282 controls included in this meta-analysis. There was the significant association between LSP1 gene rs3817198T>C polymorphism and breast cancer only in homozygote genetic model (OR=1.14 [1.05-1.24]) and no association was found in heterozygotes (OR=1.03 [0.98-1.07]). The association was significant for popula ion-based studies and European & American & African population in both homozygote and heterozygote genetic model. There was no evidence of bias of literature and no small study effect. In conclusion, it seems that LSP1 gene rs3817198 polymorphism play its role in breast cancer incidence and other SNPs and environment are such triggers. Nevertheless, we recommend genome-wide association studies to evaluate the effect of SNPs in combination, not as single SNPs.
Association between TP53 codon 72 G>C Polymorphism and Thyroid Carcinoma Risk: An Up-to-Date Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jafari Nedooshan Jamal , Yazdi Mohammad Forat , Neamatzadeh Hossein , Zare Shehneh Masoud , Kargar Saeed , Seddighi Niloofar
Published: August 2019

Objective: Many published data on the association between p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism and thyroid carcinoma risk showed inconclusive results. The aim this study was to assess the association between p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism and thyroid cancer risk. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and Web of Science databases for case–control studies examining the association between p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism and thyroid cancer susceptibility up October 2016 was performed. Odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were used to assess the strength of the association. Results: A total of 12 case–control studies involving 2,062 thyroid cancer patients and 3,027 controls were included. There was a significant association between the p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism and thyroid cancer susceptibility in the overall populations under homozygote (CC vs. GG: OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.12-3.05, P = 0.01) and recessive model (CC vs. GC+GG: OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.16-2.59, P = 0.007). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed that there was no significant association between p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism and thyroid cancer risk in Caucasians, Asians and mixed Brazilian. No significant publication bias was observed by using Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s test. Conclusion: Present meta-analysis indicated that the p53 codon 72 G>C polymorphism may be associated with thyroid cancer risk. However, more studies with large sample size are needed to further assess the associations.