bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Left Ventricular Cavity Volume and Ejection Fraction for Conventional Estimation Methods and 3D Surface Fitting
Authors: O'Dell Walter G.
Published: March 2019

Background

While left ventricular cavity volume (
LVV
) and ejection fraction (
LVEF
) are used routinely for clinical decision‐making, the errors in
LVV
and
LVEF
estimates in the clinic have yet to be rigorously quantified and are perhaps underappreciated.

Methods and Results

The goal of this study was to quantify the accuracy and precision of several common geometric‐model‐based methods for estimating
LVV
and
LVEF
using a highly sampled, high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging data set and an independent ground truth. The effect on
LVV
and
LVEF
accuracy of slice number and orientation was also studied. When using the common geometric assumptions and limited short‐ and/or long‐axis views, the expected
LVEF
measurement uncertainty can be as high as 49%. The composite midpoint rule applied to a stack of short‐axis slices can achieve
LVEF
error <3% and
LVV
error of ≈10%, but in the clinic an additional ≈8% uncertainty is expected. An analogous approach applied to a series of radially prescribed long‐axis slices can achieve higher
LVEF
accuracy, up to 3.9% with 12 slices, and more reliable
LVV
measurements than methods based solely on short‐axis images. Using a mathematical 3‐dimensional surface model that incorporates anatomic information from multiple views achieves superior accuracy, with
LVEF
error <4% and
LVV
error <2.5% when using 6 slices in each short‐ and long‐axis view.

Conclusions

Combining anatomical information from multiple views into a conformal 3‐dimensional surface model greatly reduces errors in
LVV
and
LVEF
estimates, with potential clinical benefit via improved early detection of cardiac disease.
Prognostic Impact of Pre‐Transcatheter and Post‐Transcatheter Aortic Valve Intervention Troponin: A Large Cohort Study
Authors: Akodad Mariama , Spaziano Marco , Chevalier Bernard , Garot Philippe , Benamer Hakim , Dinan‐Zannier Annabelle , Troussier Xavier , Unterseeh Thierry , Champagne Stéphane , Hovasse Thomas , Lefèvre Thierry
Published: March 2019

Background

Biomarkers were advocated as prognostic factors in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve intervention, with contradictory results concerning prognostic impact of troponin. Our aim was to assess the prognostic impact of preprocedural and postprocedural troponin in transcatheter aortic valve intervention.

Methods and Results

Preprocedural and postprocedural high‐sensitivity troponin levels were measured in all patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve intervention. Primary end point was 1‐year mortality. This study included 1390 patients, with a mean age of 83.4±6.8 years. Patients were divided into 3 tertiles according to preprocedural troponin values: tertile 1: 0.001 to 0.023 μg/L; tertile 2: 0.024 to 1.80 μg/L; and T3: 1.81 to 12.1 μg/L. One‐year mortality was higher in patients in tertile 2 (hazard ratio, 2.1;
P
=0.001) and T3 (hazard ratio, 1.8;
P
=0.009) compared with those in tertile 1. Myocardial injury was predictive of 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio, 1.7;
P
=0.01). This effect may be stronger in the tertile 1 subgroup (hazard ratio, 5.1;
P
=0.03 [
P
value for interaction: 0.18]).

Conclusions

Elevated preprocedural troponin and myocardial injury are associated with 1‐year mortality after transcatheter aortic valve intervention.
Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Skjøth Flemming , Søgaard Mette , Kjældgaard Jette Nordstrøm , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—

Recurrent bleeding associated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) causes a dilemma in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) sustaining an intracerebral hemorrhage. Treatment recommendations guiding clinical practice on optimal OAC agent selection in this population are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the comparative effectiveness and safety of non–vitamin K antagonist OAC (NOAC) versus warfarin in patients with AF sustaining an intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods—

We conducted a nationwide observational cohort study including patients with AF sustaining an intracerebral hemorrhage and who subsequently claimed an OAC prescription. Contrasts of 1-year risks for ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage risks were obtained and evaluated by inverse probability treatment weighted absolute risk reduction and risk ratios.

Results—

Among 622 AF patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, 274 claimed a warfarin prescription and 348 a NOAC prescription. Mean age was 76 years (39% females); 72% had an index nonsevere event and 28% moderate to severe index event according to the Scandinavian Stroke Severity scale. The 1-year ischemic stroke risk was 7.85% for warfarin and 4.01% for NOACs, with a weighted absolute risk reduction of 3.78% (95% CI, −0.15% to 7.71%); the weighted risk ratio was 0.52 (0.27–1.00). For recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage, the risk was 7.00% for warfarin and 5.07% for NOACs. The absolute risk reduction was 1.93% (−2.02% to 5.87%), with an a weighted risk ratio of 0.72 (0.38–1.38).

Conclusions—

NOACs were associated with a nonsignificant lower risk of ischemic stroke and recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage compared with warfarin. The results add to current recommendations of selecting a NOAC agent for stroke prophylaxis treatment in patients with AF, including those with sustaining an intracerebral hemorrhage.
Vachellia bolei (Leguminosae, Mimosaceae) a possibly extinct coastal stenoendemic legume of southern India
Authors: KUMAR KRISHNACHANDRAN SAMPATH , KATHIRESAN KANDASAMY , ARUMUGAM SENNIAPPAN
Published: March 2019

Based on intensive literature survey, thorough herbaria consultations, and extensive field surveys (2012–2017) along the coast of Tamil Nadu, besides consulting experts and botanists to resolve the typification and nomenclatural issues, the discovery, nomenclature, lectotype, distribution, and the present status of the coastal stenoendemic legume, Vachellia bolei (syn. Acacia bolei), in southern India, is discussed here in detail. Clarification regarding the Lectotype of the taxon is made and the extinction of the species is reported.
A new reticulated beetle (Coleoptera: Cupedidae) from Mexico with a catalogue of Cupedidae species of the world
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-MIRÓN GEOVANNI M. , LÓPEZ-PÉREZ SARA
Published: March 2019

Paracupes mexicanus sp. nov., from Chiapas, Mexico, is described and illustrated. The subgenus Paracupoides Kirejtshuk et al., 2016 is synonymized under Paracupes Kolbe, 1898. Also, Rhipsideigma is synonymized with Cupes, resulting in new combinations: Cupes adjuncta (Neboiss) and Cupes anosibense (Neboiss), and restored combinations: Cupes cretaceotincta Kolbe, Cupes lugubris Fairmaire and Cupes raffrayi Fairmaire. Also, Cupes leucophaea Newman is reinstated from synonymy of Tenomerga leucophaea. In addition, a catalogue of the Cupedidae species of the world is presented.
100 Years of Earth System Model Development
Authors: Randall David A. , Bitz Cecilia M. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Denning A. Scott , Gent Peter R. , Gettelman Andrew , Griffies Stephen M. , Lynch Peter , Morrison Hugh , Pincus Robert , Thuburn John
Published: March 2019

Today’s global Earth system models began as simple regional models of tropospheric weather systems. Over the past century, the physical realism of the models has steadily increased, while the scope of the models has broadened to include the global troposphere and stratosphere, the ocean, the vegetated land surface, and terrestrial ice sheets. This chapter gives an approximately chronological account of the many and profound conceptual and technological advances that made today’s models possible. For brevity, we omit any discussion of the roles of chemistry and biogeochemistry, and terrestrial ice sheets.
Kharitonov’s theorem: A good starting point for robust control
Authors: Asadi Farzin , Abut Nurettin
Published: March 2019

Advanced robust controller design methods such as: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] synthesis, or linear matrix inequality require advanced mathematics which makes these techniques difficult topics for final year projects. A robust controller (for plants with parametric uncertainty) can be designed with the aid of Kharitonov’s theorem, which has simpler mathematical machinery.

This paper studies the robust control of DC–DC converters with the aid of Kharitonov’s theorem. It presents a tutorial exposition of robust controller design based on Kharitonov’s theorem. Kharitonov’s theorem provides a good starting point for BSc students who wish to continue their future studies in robust control.
Association of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Singleton R. , Day G. , Thomas T. , Schroth R. , Klejka J. , Lenaker D. , Berner J.
Published: March 2019

Alaska Native (AN) children experience one of the highest reported rates of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Serum vitamin D concentrations in AN childbearing women in the Yukon Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) region have decreased since the 1960s to currently low levels, related to a decrease in traditional marine diet. Recent studies suggest an association between prenatal vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in mothers and S-ECC in their infants. We used independent t tests to analyze the influence of prenatal 25(OH)D levels in YKD AN mothers on S-ECC in their children using data collected in the Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (MOMS). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were assessed at prenatal visits and in cord blood. We queried electronic dental records to assess early childhood caries (ECC) status using highest decayed, missing, filled, primary teeth (dmft) scores at 12 to 59 mo of age. We examined prenatal and cord blood for 76 and 57 mother/infant pairs, respectively. Children 12 to 35 mo of age with “deficient” cord blood (25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) had a mean dmft score twice as high as children who were “nondeficient” at birth (9.3 vs. 4.7; P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 36 to 59 mo with deficient versus nondeficient cord blood 25(OH)D (10.9 vs. 8.7 P = 0.14). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 12 to 35 mo whose mothers had “sufficient” versus “insufficient” 25(OH)D during prenatal visits (9.0 vs. 7.4; P = 0.48). In this small sample, children with deficient vitamin D levels in cord blood had a dmft score at 12 to 35 mo 2-fold higher than children with nondeficient cord blood. Maternal 25(OH)D may influence the primary dentition, and improving vitamin D status in pregnant women might affect ECC rates in their infants.
Two cases of firearm-related murder–suicide: Forensic implications of the ability to act
Authors: Durmić Tijana , Radnić Bojana , Bogdanović Milenko , Atanasijević Tatjana
Published: March 2019

One of the most important tasks in forensic medicine is differentiating between a homicide and a suicide, especially in cases where more than one self-inflicted gunshot wound is present. The significance is even greater when the victim’s ability to act after the first gunshot is questionable. In these cases, the only way to determine the sequence of the shots is to consider the severity of the injuries and their disabling effect. Therefore, the importance of previously mentioned facts is even greater, not only in everyday forensic practice but also in court. The questions dealing with the crime scene and interpretation of the wounds’ trajectories are of the utmost importance.
Untethered Lecture Capture: A Qualitative Investigation of College Student Experiences
Authors: Krautscheid Lorretta , Williams Samuel , Kahn Benjamin , Adams Katherine
Published: March 2019

Untethered Lecture Capture (ULC), a technology-enhanced teaching strategy, permits faculty to be freely mobile in the classroom (untethered) while simultaneously teaching and creating audiovisual media assets (lecture capture). Faculty, representing nine disciplines, implemented ULC in undergraduate courses. Qualitative content analysis resulted in three themes. Undergraduate participants ( n = 23) reported ULC supports accessibility and education affordances, enhancing personalized, self-paced learning, and equal opportunities for academic success. Untethered faculty teach on our turf, teaching among rather than talking at students, enhancing time-on-task, in-class focus, and learner socialization. Understanding and retention were perceived as improved when multimedia instruction principles were integrated in the classroom.
Establishing an ECMO program in a developing country: challenges and lessons learned
Authors: Assy Jana , Skouri Hadi , Charafeddine Lama , Majdalani Marianne , Younes Khaled , Bulbul Ziad , Sfeir Pierre , Bourgi Jamil , Hallal Ali , Rifai Khaled , Zaatari Rafika , Bitar Fadi , Rassi Issam El
Published: March 2019

Aim:

The ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) Program at the American University of Beirut Medical Center was established in November 2015 as the first program serving adult and pediatric population in a low-resource setting. The aim of the study is to describe the challenges faced during the establishment of the program and factors leading to its success.

Methods:

The program establishment is described. The preparation phase, included the strategic, financial, and clinical planning by administration, nursing, and a multidisciplinary team of physicians. The training and education phase included all the involved nurses, perfusionists, and physicians. Concerns were heard from various stakeholders, and the challenges were analyzed and discussed.

Results:

The preparation committee chose the adequate equipment, responded to the concerns, defined roles and responsibilities through credentialing and privileging, wrote policies and protocols, and established a strategy to decide for the ECMO indication. Selected team of nurses, physicians, and perfusionists are identified and trained locally, and abroad. A full-time ECMO physician was recruited to launch the program. Twelve patients (6 adults, 3 children, and 3 neonates) were supported by ECMO, for cardiac and respiratory indications. Eleven patients were supported by veno-arterial ECMO, and 1 patient (a neonate) with veno-venous ECMO. Overall, 75% survived to decannulation and 41% survived to discharge.

Conclusion:

With limited human and financial resources, new ECMO centers need to carefully establish selection criteria that may differ from those used in developed countries. Indications should be discussed on a case by case basis, taking into account clinical, social, and financial issues. This experience might help other institutions in developing countries to build their own program despite financial and human limitations.
In Vivo Glenoid Track Width Can Be Better Predicted With the Use of Shoulder Horizontal Extension Angle
Authors: Kawakami Jun , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Etoh Toshimitsu , Hatta Taku , Mineta Mitsuyoshi , Itoi Eiji , Isawa Ryohei
Published: March 2019

Background:

The glenoid track concept has been widely used to assess the risk of instability caused by a bipolar lesion. The mean glenoid track width is reported to be 83% of the glenoid width. However, this width seems to be affected by the range of motion of the shoulder. By clarifying the relationship between the range of shoulder motion and the glenoid track width, a more precise determination of the glenoid track width for each individual could be possible.

Purpose:

To determine the relationship between the glenoid track width and the range of motion of healthy volunteers.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging was taken in 41 shoulders of 21 healthy volunteers (mean age, 32 years) with the arm in maximum horizontal extension, with the arm kept in 90° of abduction and 90° of external rotation. Three-dimensional surface bone models of the glenoid and the humerus were created with image analysis software. The distance from the anterior rim of the glenoid to the medial margin of the footprint of the rotator cuff tendon was defined as the glenoid track width. Active and passive ranges of shoulder motion were measured in the supine and sitting positions. The correlations between the glenoid track width and the ranges of shoulder motion were investigated with Pearson correlation coefficients. Intra- and interobserver reliabilities based on the intraclass correlation coefficient were also analyzed to assess the reliability of the glenoid track measurement.

Results:

The intra- and interobserver reliabilities for the glenoid track measurement were excellent (0.988 and 0.988, respectively). Among all the measurements, the glenoid track width and the active range of motion in horizontal extension in the sitting position showed the greatest correlation coefficient ( r = −0.623, P < .0001). A correlation between the glenoid track width and this angle was expressed as Y = −0.49 X + 90, where X is the horizontal extension angle (degrees) and Y is the glenoid track width (percentage of glenoid width).

Conclusion:

The present data demonstrate that the greater the horizontal extension angle in abduction and external rotation, the smaller the glenoid track width. An individualized glenoid track width can be obtained by measuring the active horizontal extension angle with the arm in abduction and external rotation in the sitting position.

Clinical Relevance:

An individualized glenoid track width enables selection of a more precise surgical option by the on-track/off-track concept.
The impact of warmed and humidified CO2 insufflation during robotic radical prostatectomy: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Oderda Marco , Cerutti Elisabetta , Gontero Paolo , Manetta Tilde , Mengozzi Giulio , Meyer Nicolas , Munegato Stefania , Noll Eric , Rampa Paola , Piéchaud Thierry , Diemunsch Pierre
Published: March 2019

Background:

Cool and dry gas insufflation during laparoscopy induces hypothermia and cytokine increase, with significant perioperative morbidity. Our aim was to assess if warmed and humidified CO2 insufflation with HumiGard™ device can achieve significant benefits over standard insufflation in terms of risk of hypothermia, cytokine response, blood gases, and intra- and postoperative parameters, in the setting of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Methods:

This was a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Sixty-four patients with prostate cancer undergoing RARP were randomized to receive warmed and humidified CO2 insufflation with HumiGard device, plus hot air warming blanket (treatment group, H + WB), or standard CO2 insufflation, plus hot air warming blanket (control group, WB). Body core temperature (BCT), plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, pain scores, and intraoperative parameters were recorded. The data were analyzed according to the Bayesian paradigm.

Results:

Intraoperative BCT increased in both groups during surgery, with a statistically significant difference favoring group H + WB, ending at 0.2°C higher on average than group WB. No difference across groups was shown for cytokine levels. Blood gas parameters were not affected by warmed CO2 insufflation. No statistical differences were noted for pain scores and the other intra- and postoperative parameters.

Conclusions:

During RARP, warm and humidified CO2 insufflation with the HumiGard device was more effective than the standard CO2 insufflation in maintaining the patient’s heat homeostasis, even if the difference was minimal. No imbalances were detected on blood gas analyses. No benefit could be shown in terms of cytokine levels and pain scores.
Measurement of Preconception Health Knowledge: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cairncross Zoe F. , Ravindran Saranyah , Yoganathan Shaira , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Enders Joanne , Graves Lisa , Mill Catriona , Telner Deanna , Brown Hilary K.
Published: March 2019

Objective:

Preconception health is an important determinant of maternal, paternal, and infant outcomes. Knowledge is commonly used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to promote preconception health. Our objective was to examine how preconception health knowledge has been measured in the existing literature and to identify measurement gaps, biases, and logistical challenges.

Data Source:

MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and gray literature were searched from database inception to January 2018.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

Studies were included if they measured preconception or interconception health knowledge and included reproductive-aged women and/or men.

Data Extraction:

Two independent reviewers completed data extraction and quality appraisal using standardized instruments.

Data Synthesis:

Due to measurement heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was performed.

Results:

The review included 34 studies from 14 countries with data collected in 2000 to 2017. Most studies used cross-sectional (n = 24) or prepost designs (n = 7). Studies primarily sampled women (n = 25), and methodological quality was rated largely as weak (n = 18) or moderate (n = 14). Preconception health knowledge tools focused on fertility, folic acid, and alcohol, with few questions pertaining to men’s health, mental health, or the interconception period. Only 19 (56%) studies reported psychometric properties of their knowledge tools.

Conclusions:

This systematic review revealed the need for a valid and reliable knowledge tool that reflects a holistic conceptualization of preconception health.
Study of the pressure drop in dust scrubber affected by liquid flowability
Authors: Li Xiaochuan , Wei Tao , Xu Xinhao , Knight Reyna M , Li Jiahang
Published: March 2019

The complexity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow results in equally complicated pressure drop characteristics for self-excited wet dust scrubbers. In this paper, the pressure drop of the dust scrubber was studied by measuring the total pressure drop R and the differential liquid level Δ H versus the gas velocity v at different initial liquid level b0 values, combined with the liquid flowability. The results showed that the dust scrubber varied its total drag coefficient by changing the differential liquid level Δ H of the liquid-phase and then adjusting the gas-liquid two-phase force balance ahead of and behind the choke. Under the influence of liquid flowability, the throttling strength α exhibited a linear relationship with the gas velocity of the dust scrubber when b0 ≤ 0 mm. The Δ H-v and R- v characteristics of the dust scrubber varied with different values of b0 and v. When b0 > 0, the Δ H-v curve and R- v curve exhibited an explicit quadratic curve relationship. When b0 ≤ 0 mm, the Δ H-v curve and R- v curve exhibited an explicit linear relationship, where the Δ H-v curves can be expressed by a linear equation Δ H = khv+Δ H0, and the gas-phase pressure drop R can be approximately calculated using the differential liquid level Δ H. The liquid flowability can change the choke-sectional to change the total drag coefficient, which reduced in multiple folds with an increase in the gas velocity.
Optimal designs for asymmetric sigmoidal response curves in bioassays and immunoassays
Authors: Hyun Seung Won , Wong Weng Kee , Yang Yarong
Published: March 2019

The 5-parameter logistic (5PL) model is frequently used to model and analyze responses from bioassays and immunoassays which can be skewed. Various types of optimal experimental designs for 2, 3 and 4-parameter logistic models have been reported but not for the more complicated 5PL model. We construct different types of optimal designs for studying various features of the 5PL model and show that commonly used designs in bioassays and immunoassays are generally inefficient for statistical inference. To facilitate use of such designs in practice, we create a user-friendly software package to generate various tailor-made optimal designs for the 5PL model and evaluate robustness properties of a design under a variation of criteria, model forms and misspecification in the nominal values of the model parameters.
Churchill’s fractured neck of femur
Authors: McLoughlin Liam
Published: March 2019

In June 1962 at the age of 87 years, Sir Winston Churchill (1874–1965) fell over in his hotel room at the Hotel de Paris in Monte Carlo and sustained a fracture to the neck of his left femur. He was flown back to London and the fracture operated on at The Middlesex Hospital by two eminent orthopaedic surgeons, Mr Phillip Newman (1911–1994), Consultant to the The Middlesex Hospital and The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, and The Institute of Orthopaedics, London, and Professor Herbert Seddon (1903–1977), Consultant to the The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, and Director of The Institute of Orthopaedics under whom Churchill was admitted as a private patient. Churchill’s recovery was complicated by the development of deep vein thrombosis. During his convalescence, Churchill befriended Seddon who recorded his time with him in his private papers. On 21 August, Churchill was discharged to his home at 28 Hyde Park Gate which had been modified during his admission and made a return to public life in November 1962 at a dinner at the dining club he had originally founded, The Other Club.
Adverse Events and Their Risk Factors Following Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injections of the Ankle or Subtalar Joint
Authors: Anderson Sophia E. , Lubberts Bart , Strong Anne D. , Guss Daniel , Johnson A. Holly , DiGiovanni Christopher W.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Little data exists regarding the incidence of adverse events and their associated risk factors following intra-articular corticosteroid injection of the ankle and subtalar joint. The aim of this study was to determine the complication rate associated with such injections and to identify any predictive risk factors.

Methods:

Adult patients who had received an intra-articular ankle or subtalar joint injection between January 2000 and April 2016 at one of 3 regional hospitals (2 level 1 trauma centers and 1 community hospital) were included. Patients with prior intra-articular injection of corticosteroid into the ankle or subtalar joint were excluded. Explanatory variables were sex, age, race, body mass index, diabetes status, tobacco use, presence of fluoroscopic guidance, location of intra-articular injection, and administering physician’s years of experience.

Results:

Of the 1708 patients included in the final cohort, 99 patients (5.8%) had a total of 104 adverse events within 90 days postinjection. The most prevalent types of adverse events were postinjection flare in 78 patients (4.6% of total cohort, 75% of adverse events) followed by skin reaction in 10 patients (0.6% of total cohort, 9% of adverse events). No infections were noted. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that intra-articular injection in the subtalar ( P = .004) was independently associated with development of an adverse event. Fluoroscopic guidance was not found to be protective of an adverse event compared to nonguided injections ( P = .476).

Conclusion:

The adverse event rate following intra-articular ankle or subtalar joint corticosteroid injection was 5.8%, with postinjection flare being the most common complication. Infections following injection were not reported. Injection into the subtalar joint was independently associated with the development of an adverse event after intra-articular corticosteroid injection, and this was not mitigated by the use of fluoroscopic guidance.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Adult Vaccination Rates in the Mentally Ill Population: An Outpatient Improvement Project
Authors: Miles Leslie W. , Williams Nathalia , Luthy Karlen E. , Eden Lacey
Published: March 2019

Background: Adults who suffer with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) rarely access medical care to receive preventive vaccines. Aims: To increase the rate of vaccines among the SPMI population in an outpatient community mental health center (CMHC). Methods: A review of the literature identified a gap between the general population and SPMI clients in receiving preventive vaccinations. An initial mixed-method convenience survey of SPMI clients ( n = 392) provided information on current vaccination status, demographics, beliefs, and interest in receiving vaccines. A vaccination program was developed to address identified barriers and increase vaccination rates. Postintervention data were collected through a mixed-method convenience survey of SPMI clients ( n = 60) who participated in immunizations clinics to evaluate client satisfaction. A partnership between the health department and CMHC was developed to deliver vaccines in a nontraditional site. Vaccines administered included annual influenza; hepatitis A; hepatitis B; herpes zoster; measles, mumps, and rubella; pneumococcal; and tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap). Results: More than 1,000 vaccines were administered in the first 8 months, with a significant increase in vaccination rates over baseline for individual vaccines ranging from 18.75% to 83%. Postintervention survey results found a 95% satisfaction rate. Conclusions: Implementation of a vaccination program in a nontraditional site that facilitates access for SPMI clients can promote an overwhelming increase in the vaccination rates for this underserved population. Results suggest that the integration of mental health and CMHC services can have a profound positive effect on SPMI population health.
The “Hallyu” phenomenon: Utilizing tourism destination as product placement in K-POP culture
Authors: Seo Joo Hwan , Kim Bumsoo
Published: March 2019

This article examines the effect of the Korean pop culture phenomenon also known as “Hallyu” on the inbound tourism demand of Korea. “Hallyu” products are exported throughout Asia and have been growing over the past decade. Using a Bayesian autoregressive model, we empirically investigate the product placement effects of “Hallyu” explained by the parasocial theory of previous literature utilizing inbound tourist data and show that “Hallyu” effects are also present in the overall tourism industry of Korea. The study illustrates that product placement can be a powerful marketing strategy in the tourism industry and highlights its importance for policy makers in creating a comprehensive joint plan for the development of long-term tourism.
There Is No Brain: Rethinking Neuroscience through a Nomadic Ontology
Authors: Gruber David R
Published: March 2019

Building from recent attempts in the humanities and social sciences to conceive of creative, entangled ways of doing interdisciplinary work, I turn to Braidotti’s ‘nomadic ontology’ to (re)vision the human body without a brain. Her exploration of the body as a ‘threshold of transformations’ is put into conversation with Deleuze’s comments on neurobiology to consider what a brainless body might do, or undo, in neuroscientific practice. I ground discussion in a case study, detailing the practices of brain decoding or ‘mind reading,’ re-interpreting Rose’s account. Therein, I argue that the technical-social configurations of brain decoding are unlikely to usher in a radically new ontology, as Rose suggests. To better match Rose’s vision and align with new ontologies in cultural theory, I argue that neuroscience must become nomadic and embrace a body without a brain. I then conclude with six recommendations towards a nomadic neuroscience.
Algorithmic authenticity: Sociotechnical authentication processes on online travel platforms
Authors: van Nuenen Tom
Published: March 2019

This article discusses the touristic production of authenticity in the context of algorithmic culture. It notes that the dominant sociological framework of authenticity has, in the last decades, shifted from an objectivist to a constructionist one, a central issue becoming “who has the right to authenticate.” I argue here that “who” needs to be supplemented with “what” due to the operations of mainstream algorithmic platforms for the production and reception of travel information. Review websites such as TripAdvisor construct and confirm the authenticity of places and people through a double orientation of highly subjective, “hot” authentication processes and quantified appeals to “cool,” objective authenticity (Selwyn). This double orientation is explored in the algorithmic affordances of and user interactions on TripAdvisor. In conclusion, the article considers the sociotechnical fusion of both quantitative and experiential appeals to be productive of an algorithmic authenticity.
Estimation methods in the presence of corner solutions
Authors: Sánchez-Peñalver Alfonso
Published: March 2019

In this article, I introduce a new command, nehurdle, that collects maximum likelihood estimators for linear, exponential, homoskedastic, and heteroskedastic tobit; truncated hurdle; and type II tobit models that involve explained variables with corner solutions. I review what a corner solution is as well as the assumptions of the mentioned models.
Updates to the ipfraking ecosystem
Authors: Kolenikov Stanislav
Published: March 2019

Kolenikov (2014, Stata Journal 14: 22–59) introduced the package ipfraking for iterative proportional fitting (raking) weight-calibration procedures for complex survey designs. In this article, I briefly describe the original package and updates to the core program and document additional programs that are used to support the process of creating survey weights in the author’s production code.
Antoine Ferrein (1693-1769)—His Life and Contribution to Anatomy and Physiology: The Description of the Vocal Chords and Their Function
Authors: Markatos Konstantinos , Karamanou Marianna , Tsekouras Konstantinos , Damaskos Christos , Garmpis Nikolaos , Androutsos Georgios
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to summarize the life and work of the French anatomist and surgeon Antoine Ferrein (1693-1769). Ferrein made an impact in the history of anatomy and physiology through his work and especially with the description of phonation, renal anatomy, and liver and biliary structure. He also made an impact on ophthalmology with the description of the eyelid and its diseases. After a thorough review of the literature, we present in this review his life and his main discoveries with special emphasis on the anatomic description of the vocal chords resembling the chords of a violin tempered by the air exhaled from the lungs and how the physiology of phonation and the surgery of the larynx were revolutionized after that.
A new approach to the kinematic modeling of a three-dimensional car-like robot with differential drive using computational mechanics
Authors: Rubio Francisco , Llopis-Albert Carlos , Valero Francisco , Besa Antonio José
Published: March 2019

This article presents a kinematic analysis of a four-wheeled mobile robot in three-dimensions, introducing computational mechanics. The novelty lies in (1) the type of robot that is analyzed, which has been scarcely dealt with in the literature, and (2) the methodology used which enables the systematic implementation of kinematic algorithms using the computer. The mobile robot has four wheels, four rockers (like an All-Terrain Mobile Robot), and a main body. It also has two actuators and uses a drive mechanism known as differential drive (like those of a slip/skid mobile robot). We characterize the mobile robot as a set of kinematic closed chains with rotational pairs between links and a higher contact pair between the wheels and the terrain. Then, a set of generalized coordinates are chosen and the constraint equations are established. A new concept named “driving modes” has been introduced because some of the constraint equations are derived from these. The kinematics is the first step in solving the dynamics of this robot in order to set a control algorithm for an autonomous car-like robot. This methodology has been successfully applied to a real mobile robot, “Robotnik,” and the results are analyzed.
Trusted measurement and evaluation for intelligent transportation system products: A case study for traffic signal controller
Authors: Lin Ciyun , Zhou Xiangyu , Gong Bowen
Published: March 2019

This study proposes trusted measurement and evaluation models for intelligent transportation system products to provide technological means for the transport sector and government departments to detect the compliance and availability of intelligent transportation system products and consider the market access of intelligent transportation system products. Then, this study builds a trusted testing platform based on a hardware-in-loop system to test and validate trusted measurement and evaluation models of intelligent transportation system products. Finally, a traffic signal controller is tested and validated in the platform in different operation environments. The result shows that the trusted measurement model can accurately measure the trusted status in normal and non-normal operation conditions, and the trusted evaluation model can dynamically calculate the intelligent transportation system product’s trusted attributes, namely, the trusted evaluation values and comprehensive trusted evaluation values of the intelligent transportation system product, as the intelligent transportation system product’s operation environment changes.
The investigation of vibration characteristics on the bolted disk–drum joints structure
Authors: Wang Fei , Li Jiang , Li Yu-qi , Luo Zhong
Published: March 2019

In a bolted disk–drum joints structure, assembly parameters, such as the number and pretightening force of the tightening bolts, will affect the vibration characteristics of the structure. In this article, the influences are discussed. First, the influences of contact and structural stiffness on the natural characteristics of the joint structure are analyzed theoretically. Considering the micro-contact between the contacting surfaces of the bolts’ connected structure, the stress diffusion between the bolt head and the disk is investigated. Then, the relationship between the tightening torque and contact stiffness, as well as the relationship between the number of tightening bolts and structural stiffness, is established. Furthermore, the relationship between assembly parameters and the natural frequencies is obtained. Hence, the regularity of the influence on the structural natural frequencies can be summarized as a consequence. The results of experiment showed that the minimum error between theoretical calculation and experimental data was 1.5%, which provides a reliable analysis tool for the investigation of vibration characteristics on the bolted disk–drum joints structure.
A new customization model for enterprises based on improved framework of customer to business: A case study in automobile industry
Authors: Zhang Xianyu , Ming Xinguo , Liu Zhiwen , Zheng Maokuan , Qu Yuanju
Published: March 2019

With the continuous improvement of living standards, customers are gradually pursuing products which are individualization, entertainment, and scene. The production model of the enterprise has changed from the traditional inventory model to the manufacturing model driven by the customer orders. By analyzing the evolution process of customer to business, we get the overall framework of customer to business based on customer platform-connecting manufactory platform-connecting service. A case study in the automotive industry is introduced, which takes customer to business as the implementation of enterprise strategy. The detailed implementation process is discussed from the four aspects of open and networked demand for personalized customer (C), open and networked manufacturing (M), open and networked service (S), open and networked collaborative platform (P). The objective of this article is to provide general references for enterprises to change from traditional business-to-customer model to open and interconnected customization model by combining the improved customer-to-business framework and its application in automotive industry. The framework we put forward has achieved good results in related customer-to-business projects we participated in. The research results of this article can be used as a reference for enterprises to design, set, and carry out the model of customer to business.
Britishness and otherness: Representing and constructing identity in BBC’s Land Girls
Authors: White Bonnie
Published: March 2019

This article situates Land Girls (BBC, 2009–2011) in dialogue with the Second World War and its legacy. Although the series ostensibly deals with the experience of British Land Girls during the war in a melodramatic way, Land Girls is best understood as an anxious commentary on the place of Britain and its cultural institutions following the war. The series uses national, racial and economic others in order to de-romanticise notions of a collective national identity, while simultaneously using those others to help articulate an idealised sense of Britishness for a 21st-century audience.
This kill shot is brought to you by…: An analysis of hunting television in the United States
Authors: McGuigan Lee , Clark-Parsons Rosemary
Published: March 2019

This article analyses hunting television shows selected from three cable channels dedicated to outdoor programming. Despite this genre’s long standing and its influence on mainstream spin-offs, such as Duck Dynasty (2012–present), almost no research examines hunting television. This study pays specific attention to commercial sponsorship and the depiction of killing. Against claims that these shows are designed to educate viewers about conservation, safety and sporting ethics, we find that hunting television is oriented primarily around product marketing and ‘killing on camera’. These findings illustrate the need to examine the confluence of consumerism, entertainment media and hunting culture.
Identifying Mobile Applications Aimed at Self-Management in People With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lewis Rachel A. , Lunney Meaghan , Chong Christy , Tonelli Marcello
Published: March 2019

Background:

A growing number of mobile applications (apps) target people with chronic illness as the primary user. There is increasing evidence that digital technology can improve health outcomes for users but the sheer number of apps available is likely to overwhelm many potential users.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to systematically search for apps aimed at people with chronic kidney disease. An important secondary objective was to develop a search strategy that could be used to identify similar apps in the future.

Design:

A systematic review of the scientific and gray literature including app stores, clearinghouses, and Google.

Setting/patients:

The focus of this research was the identification of apps that may be of use to people interested in self-management of chronic kidney disease.

Methods:

Three reviewers independently searched app stores, websites, and databases to identify apps of potential interest and any information related to the function and efficacy of these. Apps that met the inclusion criteria were short-listed, reviewed in more detail, and cross-referenced with other sources such as clearinghouses, Google, and kidney care organizations. A population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and design framework was used to search selected databases.

Results:

Of the 1464 apps purporting to be for chronic kidney disease, only 15 were eligible for inclusion. Searching the 2 major app stores (iOS and Android) appeared to be the most productive way of identifying apps of potential interest. An increasing number of public and private clearinghouses have been established to assist users with finding apps. Privacy and security of user information is a particular and valid concern of health care professionals and organizations.

Limitations:

The breadth and depth of information relating to each app varied and made it difficult to systematize the evaluation of apps. Due to the large number of health care apps and the challenges to searching app stores and websites, it is possible that some apps were missed during our searches. Similarly, while there are many kidney care–related websites that contain useful information, these were not captured by our study.

Conclusion:

There are very few available apps aimed specifically at people with chronic kidney disease; those that are available are best identified by manually searching the 2 major app stores. Privacy and confidentiality of user information when using the apps is a concern among health care providers in particular.
The ontology of early labour (and the difficulties of talking about it): Using interview methods to investigate uncertain and gendered concepts
Authors: Roberts Julie
Published: March 2019

This article presents reflections on the process of collecting interview data about fathers’ experiences of ‘early labour’. Early labour is the first phase of labour, defined in textbooks by regular contractions and cervical dilation of up to 4 cm. Women are typically encouraged to stay at home during early labour and only travel to hospital when they are in ‘active labour’. Maternity services (and other providers of antenatal education) devote a great deal of attention to educating parents-to-be about the phases of labour and about how to recognise the ‘right time’ to travel to hospital but ‘early’ admission remains a problem. Prompted by suggestions in the existing literature that male partners may influence when women seek admission, my research set out to explore fathers’ understanding and experiences of early labour. However, interviewing fathers about early labour was challenging and, in this article, I will argue that this was due to a particular configuration of practical, epistemological and ontological issues. I argue that early labour is a slippery and uncertain concept beyond the clinical context and that Mol’s ‘multiple ontologies’ provides productive tools for reflecting on the difficulty of asking about early labour, keeping early labour in focus during the interviews, and finding early labour in the data. However, the gendered nature of reproductive social research requires additional analysis to understand the gender dynamics at work when asking about reproductive research objects of multiple or uncertain ontologies.