bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL SHARIA BOARD’S FATWA NUMBER 108 YEAR 2016 ABOUT SHARIA TOURISM ON HALAL TOURISM PRODUCTS
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Rifqi , Komarudin Parman
Published: July 2020

The fatwa of the National Sharia Board (DSN), specifically aimed to Islamic financial institutions (LKS), is always binding and must be adhered  by Islamic financial institutions based on Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 about Sharia Banking. But not in the DSN Fatwa Number 108 about sharia tourism, because there are not regulations of legislation in Indonesia that require sharia-related tourism elements to observe this fatwa. So, this research is carried out to analyze how sharia travels agencies Practice if reviewed by DSN fatwa. Data will be taken from PT. Rizma Tour & Travel which has halal tourism products, with a triangulation system through interviews, observation, and documents. The data used analyzed qualitatively using a juridical-sociological approach. The results of this research that PT. Rizma has implemented all the conditions required by the fatwa according to their needs on business basis, even though juridical it is not as ideal as what the DSN wants. Then needed a legal basis to raise the DSN fatwa of sharia tourism in order that must be implemented by businessmen, this is the technical instructions that contain the way of implementations and exceptions in application on the field.
RELIGION, EDUCATION, AND SPORTS: INTERNALIZATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION VALUES IN MAHATMA SPORTS
Authors: Saefulloh Ahmad , Razali Razali , Famularsih Sari
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes the need to internalize the values of Islamic education in sports. One of the sports that promotes Islamic values is Mahatma. Facts on the ground show that sports that develop in the midst of society today do not prioritize spiritual health only prioritizing physical health alone, while spiritual health also needs attention. So that this discussion is well directed, the authors focus the problem of discussion on how to internalize the values of Islamic education in Mahatma sports. The study was conducted at the Ministry of Religion in Padang, located at Jl. Duku No.5 Ujung Gurun, Padang Barat District Padang West Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to look at the efforts of sports participants in internalizing the value of Islamic education in every sports movement, it is necessary to have a detailed assessment of the stages of inculcation. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that is describing and interpreting objects as they are and analyzing them using scientific methods. Data collection by observation, direct interviews and documentation. The technique used in data analysis is data display, data reduction and conclusions carried out with snowballsampling techniques. The data validity technique uses source triangulation. The results showed that the internalization of Islamic education values for Mahatma sports members was through the establishment of rules of dress, ablution, reciting Istighfar, Al-Fatiah, praying, breathing, remembrance, blessing, friendly smile and the emergence of mutual forgiveness. Through internalization, the impact resulting from Mahatma's sport on health is not only physical health, it also increases gratitude, sincerity, serenity, and draws closer to Allah SWT. Constraints on the field were found that this sport does not yet have its own place as a sports center so that the implementation of the sport still hitched a ride in another agency, namely the Ministry of Religion and MTsN Model Padang City

 Keywords: nternalization, Islamic Education, and Mahatma Sports
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PATTERN IN THE PLANNING OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION FUNDING IN TAMAN PENDIDIKAN AL-QUR’AN(TPQ) IN BANYUMAS REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Sunhaji Sunhaji , Purnomo Sutrimo
Published: July 2020

This study was aimed at examining the pattern of community participation in the planning of Islamic education funding, especially in the Taman Pendidikan Al Qur'an (TPQ). This research is important because many Islamic educational institutions had low standard quality and even stopped their activities because of weak education funding, including in the realm of financial planning. Community participation is considered appropriate for strengthening education financing planning as a form of equitable democracy, which means that the community has the right to get quality education and is obliged to provide funds. This research is qualitative descriptive field research with case studies as its approach. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation, while the analysis of this research follows the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and inference. The obtained data shows that the presence of active community participation with cultural religious functional patterns in the planning of Islamic education financing at TPQ in Banyumas Regency, Central Java indicates an increase in awareness and serious attention of the community towards religious education for their children. Therefore, it is time for Islamic education institutions to be able to utilize this momentum as part of efforts to improve the quality of Islamic education through strengthening education funding.

Keywords: Community Participation, Education Funding, and Islamic Education
Kajian Konsep Kontekstual Warna pada Bangunan di Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta
Authors: Thania Bella Mareta , Purwantiasning Ari Widyati
Published: July 2020

Konsep dalam bidang arsitektur sangat beragam, salah satunya adalah konsep arsitektur kontekstual. Arsitektur kontekstual yaitu konsep yang memperhatikan lingkungan sekitar dengan mempertahankan karakter suatu bangunan khususnya pada kawasan bersejarah. Penerapan arsitektur kontekstual sangat penting pada suatu kawasan bersejarah karena dapat mempertahankan identitas suatu kawasan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memahami dan mengidentifikasi penerapan prinsip arsitektur kontekstual dalam segi warna pada kawasan bersejarah.  Arsitektur kontekstual dalam segi warna memiliki dua prinsip yaitu kontras dan harmoni. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Metode ini memiliki dua cara dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu, melakukan observasi langsung dan mengkaji data literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian yang akan dijelaskan secara deskriptif. Penelitian kajian konsep arsitektur kontekstual warna pada bangunan di kawasan bersejarah ini dilakukan di Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta yang merupakan kawasan bersejarah. Pada penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman dan hasil identifikasi penerapan prinsip arsitektur kontekstual dalam segi warna pada Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta.
PENERAPAN METODE DIRECT SEARCH PADA SISTEM INFORMASI SEJARAH PAHLAWAN SULAWESI SELATAN BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Wahyuningsih Pujianti
Published: July 2020

Perlunya pemahaman generasi muda tentang sejarah pahlawan nasional Indonesia menjadi faktor penting untuk menumbuhkan rasa nasionalisme generasi muda bangsa Indonesia khususnya daerah Sulawesi Selatan. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk dapat menumbuhkan rasa nasionalisme generasi muda adalah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Android untuk memberikan informasi sejarah pahlawan Bangsa Indonesia. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah membangun sistem informasi sejarah pahlawan daerah Sulawesi Selatan berbasis Android dengan menggunakan metode direct Search. Metode direct search adalah metode pencarian langsung untuk menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan tanpa membutuhkan informasi tambahan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi yang dibangun dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk memberikan informasi mengenai sejarah pahlawan nasional khususnya daerah Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia.
Immunology Aspects in Tension-Type Headache Chronicity
Authors: Susanti Restu
Published: July 2020

Tension-Type Headache (TTH) headache is a type of primary headache which mostly complained by patients. The pain often ignored due to low mortality rates. Inadequate management makes the pain becoming chronic and causing a high disability rate. Many factors involved in transforming infrequent tension-type headache to chronic tension-type headache. A deeper understanding of the immune system's role in the pathophysiological process and modulation of chronic pain could be a potential target for developing therapies in managing chronic pain.Keywords: chronic tension-type headache, immunology aspect, pathophysiology
El impacto de la COVID-19 en la economía china
Authors: Tórtola Sebastián Carlos J. , Alfaraz Hernández Neus
Published: July 2020

La epidemia de la COVID-19 se originó en China a finales de diciembre de 2019, convirtiéndose en una crisis global sin precedentes tres meses después. La crisis sanitaria generó un doble shock negativo de oferta y demanda en la economía china que causó su primera tasa de crecimiento negativa desde 1976. Por su parte, la expansión mundial de la epidemia supuso la congelación de su demanda externa. En este contexto, las autoridades han aplicado numerosas medidas de estímulo desde el inicio de la epidemia, estableciendo como prioridad la estabilidad del mercado laboral en detrimento de un objetivo de crecimiento económico en 2020. Pese a los desafíos pendientes, China será el primer país en superar la crisis y uno de los pocos que se prevé que logre una tasa de crecimiento positiva este año. Por ello, su ejemplo puede servir como referencia al resto de economías en su lucha contra la COVID-19.
Problems of functioning and directions of agro-food chains development in the conditions of turbulence strengthening
Authors: Varchenko O.O.
Published: July 2020

The article substantiates scientic and methodological approaches and principles of distribution, formation, effectiveness, effciency of functioning and development of agri-food chains. It is determined that agro-food chains have acquired the most significant economic and social importance for the inclusion of small producers in the processes of practical production cooperation, which prompted the requirements related to the specifics of the technology of production of finished food products.
The main factors that provoke the emergence of extremely contradictory and diverse phenomena in the development of agri-food chains include: globalization of international relations, intensification of turbulent phenomena and processes in the world economy, the entry of advanced countries to new economic frontiers.
For the current stage of development of the national economy, the practical implementation of one of the key objectives of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union was of paramount importance. For the purpose of periodic audit of HACCP-certified food processing enterprises, the specified structure of business entities that ensure the production of finished food and other products is highlighted.
These calculations show that in 2018 in Ukraine the producers of agricultural raw materials were 49550 farms/enterprises and 23822 natural personsentrepreneurs who are oficially registered and represent the primary link in the food chain. The next link in the agri-food chain are processors of raw materials of primary production, which in Ukraine in 2018 were 5872 enterprises and 10845 individual entrepreneurs, of which 157 enterprises and 1016 sole proprietors produce non-food products.
The analysis allows us to conclude that now the producers of food raw materials have the following situation: a) Àexible or simplified permanent procedures, certified (or tested) their facilities for compliance with the minimum requirements of basic programs; b) the second part, mainly FOPs and PF, continue to operate traditionally, ie without paying special attention to the time requirements for the implementation of systematic security procedures.
It is established that in practice, some producers of food raw materials, with different levels of tightness, depth of processing and value creation, are already included in agri-food chains.
Taking into account the objectively existing tendencies of spontaneous, at the initial stage mainly seasonal occurrence, and further deepening and strengthening of interrelations between actors, the hierarchy of formation and sustainable development of food chains is offered.
Key words: agro-food chains, economic turbulence, agricultural raw materials, personal farms, processing and food enterprises, sustainable development, added value.
Foreign experience in state support for pig breeding development organizing and directions of its use in the domestic practice
Authors: Khakhula B.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the study systematization of the directions of state support for pig production in the countries with intensive pig production which includes the following tools: subsidies, interest rate subsidies; research funding; insurance, preferential lending; compensation for material and production costs; price regulation; government interventions. It is established that state regulation in pigs breeding in the leading countries of the world is focused on ensuring intensive development of the industry, ensuring the animals productivity, as well as strict adherence to environmental requirements.
World's leading producers tend to obtain lean pork due to consumer preferences which has led to a change in approaches in the entire production chain organization, from the revision of vectors of pigs breeding and feeding to technological innovations in the field of the processing, transportation and distribution.
It was found out that the increase in pig production in the leading countries of the world is provided through the advances in animal breeding and genetics. Breeding programs of the world's leading countries are characterized by a tendency to consolidate breeding material in the global market of genetic resources, where pork production is innovative and integrated. Several multinational genetic companies dominate in the supply chain.
Effective use of modern methods of animal reproduction makes it possible to store genetic material long-term and transport it to any place in the world, which enables to increase the sales of breeding products and inter-firm exchange of frozen sperm and embryos.
The market of genetic resources is characterized by intensive trade and intensification of international competition between national breeding companies as well as the transition from national and regional breeding programs to the purchasing breeding material from multinational companies.
Analysis of world experience in breeding programs and state support for pig breeding shows that the use of modern information technology and the development of information analytical support of breeding work with tribal recording as an important element can be the basic factors in accelerating the breeding process and increasing the efficiency of pig breeding in Ukraine.
Key words: pork production, world export and import of pork, pork production organizing, pig breeding, pig breeds, pig breeding world associations, state support.
Peculiarities of reproduction of human capital in rural areas
Authors: Utechenko D.
Published: July 2020

The article summarizes the factors that have the most significant negative impact on the development of social and economic spheres of rural areas. Research on the response of human capital to destructive manifestations in the economy is highlighted, as well as a number of factors of manifestation of these destructive phenomena in the development of rural areas.
Analyzed the most priority problems of development of rural areas in relation to each stage of social progress. Isolated and characterized the key steps in the development of the agricultural sector and its spatial framework of rural territories, namely with the settlements in which they lived rural, and has concentrated material and technical means of production.
The highest priority issues of rural development in relation to each stage of social progress are analyzed. The key stages of development of the agricultural sector and its spatial basis – rural areas, namely with the settlements in which the villagers lived and the material and technical means of production were concentrated, are highlighted and characterized.
Special attention is paid to the causes of migration of the rural population, which in turn has led to the search and analysis of certain measures to inhibit the negative effects of this process. It was found out that the implementation of agrarian and land reforms, as well as the transition to a socially oriented model of market economy had a negative impact, resulting in an increase in the number of degrading villages and the formation of new organizational and legal forms.
A number of negative trends affecting the development of the agricultural sector have been identified, among which the social resources of rural areas are a priority. It was found that the main element of social resources of the village is the rural population, the lion's share of which belongs to labor resources, which act as a link, which determines the interdependence of its economic and social development.
It is substantiated that the constant presence of the socio-economic system, which is a rural area, in a state of counteraction to "external shocks" causes changes in the specific content of the characteristics of the environment and its resources, which requires consideration of its state in developing strategic rural development programs. The basic principles of formation of human capital reproduction potential
of rural territories are allocated, functions of rural territories as a habitat and vital activity and directions of purposeful policy of rural development are generalized.
Key words: reproduction of human capital, rural areas, sustainable development, rural development.
Influence of foliar nutrition of barley plants on brewing quality of grain by Kolbach index
Authors: Klymyshena R.
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of brewing quality of spring barley grain in terms of indicator of Kolbach number depending on the eff ect of foliar nutrition of plants during the growing season with micronutrients Wuxal on different backgrounds of mineral fertilization.
Effectiveness of the infl uence of foliar nutrition of spring barley plants by microfertilizers Wuxal during the growing season on the brewing quality according to the Kolbach number was established. It is revealed that the eff ectiveness of the technological agricultural measure carried out depends on the number of agri-receptions, the rate of microfertilizers and the background of mineral nutrition. It was proved that when growing barley on the background of mineral nutrition N30P45K45 the best results were obtained with two and three times application of microfertilizers at the rate of 1.5 l/ha in accordance with the phenophases of tillering, stem elongation and fl owering. Maximum productivity on the background of N60P90K90 mineral nutrition is achieved by providing three times of crops spraying with a solution of microfertilizers in the amount of 2.0 l/ha each time in accordance with the above-mentioned phenophases of barley plants growth and development.
The efficiency of foliar nutrition of spring barley plants by microfertilizers depends on the technological scheme of application, namely on the number of methods of the agro-measure carried out at the respective phenophases of development. The variants of double application microfertilizers were the best in growing barley on the background of mineral nutrition N30P45K45, – Wuxal P Max 1.5 l/ha during tillering and Wuxal Grain 1.5 l/ha at the beginning of flowering; Wuxal Grain 1.5 l/ha during the stem elongation and Wuxal Grain 1.5 l/ ha at the beginning of flowering. The optimal variant for three-times foliar nutrition of plants with microfertilizers was as follows: Wuxal P Max 1.5 l/ha during tillering, Wuxal Grain 1.5 l/ha during of stem elongation and Wuxal Grain 1.5 l/ha at the beginning of flowering, where the highest Kolbach number is obtained – 47.7; 47.5 and 48.0 %, respectively. On the background of N60P90K90 mineral nutrition, the highest parameters were established for three-time spraying of plants with microfertilizers Wuxal P Max 2.0 l/ha during tillering, Wuxal Grain 2.0 l/ha during of stem elongation and Wuxal Grain 2.0 l/ha at the beginning of flowering – 46.9 %.
Key words: spring barley, grain quality, Kolbach number, microfertilizers, foliar nutrition.
The Influence of sowing time of red beet seeds on root crops storage
Authors: Bezvikonnyu P. , Myalkovsky R. , Tarasyuk V.
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the eﬀect of seed sowing time on the red beet root crops conservation in the southwestern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
It has been established that sowing periods aﬀect the germination of red beet root. Thus, the lowest total losses were observed for sowing on May 1–4 in all the studied hybrids, namely in the Bettollo F1 hybrid – 6.7 %, the Voyevoda F1 – 9.9 %, and in the Ronda F1 hybrid – 14.9 %, respectively. The biggest losses were observed for sowing in the early spring term, since sowing beetroot in the early term results in the roots overripening, aging, cracking, they germinate during storage and become less resistant to rotting microorganisms. The highest output of commodity products was observed under sowing in late spring time. In this case, the yield of markered root beet root in the Bettollo F1 hybrid was 93.3 %, the Voyevoda F1 – 90.1 %, and in the Ronda F1 hybrid – 85.1 %, respectively.
Bettolo F1 hybrid root crops were better preserved than others, which we believe is due to the mass of root crops, since the conservation of large and medium-sized root crops is higher than that of small ones.

It should also be noted that the total root loss was lower under storage in boxes with a plastic insert, than that under the root loss stored in the boxes. Thus, the lowest total root loss was observed in the Bettollo F1 hybrid – 5.2–7.6 %, which is 0.1–2.0 % less than the Voyevoda F1 hybrid and 3.2–6.9 % less than in the Ronda F1 hybrid. In the Bettolo F1 hybrid, the disease losses were insigniﬁcant compared to the Voyevoda F1 and Ronda F1 hybrids and made 2.8–4.0 %. The natural weight loss in the hybrid Bettollo F1 was 2.4–3.6 %, which is almost on par with the hybrid Voyevoda F1 2.3–4.2 %, but much less than in the hybrid Ronda F1 3.8–6.6 %.
Comparing the storage methods, it should be noted that storage root crops in boxes with a plastic insert contributes to a higher output of marketed products compared to variants where the root crops were stored in boxes in bulk. Thus, storage root crops in boxes with a plastic insert is the best way to store root beets as it allows to save the product with minimal loss.
Key words: storage properties, hybrid, total losses, commodity products output, boxes, boxes with a plastic insert.
Pronation Technique in ARDS Patients
Authors: Di Fenza Raffaele , Gay Hedwige , Favarato Martina , Fontana Isabella , Fumagalli Roberto
Published: July 2020

In severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), characterized by the ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen over fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F) less than 150 mm Hg, pronation cycles are the only intervention that showed improved survival, in combination with protective ventilation. The physiological advantages of performing pronation cycles, such as the improvement of oxygenation, better tidal volume distribution with increased involvement of dorsal regions, and easier drainage of secretions, overcome the possible complications, that is, endotracheal tube occlusion or misplacement, pressure ulcers, and brachial plexus injury. However, the incidence of complications is dramatically lower in intensive care units with expertise, adopting prone positioning in daily practice.

In this video we are proposing step by step an easy and ergonomic technique to perform pronation maneuvers in patients with severe ARDS. Recent literature suggests that a high percentage of these patients are treated without undergoing pronation cycles.

The main purpose of this video is to help increase the number of intensive care units worldwide commonly performing pronation cycles in patients that have indications to be pronated, in order to decrease healthcare burden and costs directly caused by ARDS.

Proper intensive care unit staff training is fundamental in minimizing the risks associated with the maneuver for both patients and operators; and diffusion of a safe technique encouraging the operators is the second main purpose of this video.

(This video was recorded before the COVID-19 outbreak)
Long-Term Visual Disturbance Affected by Infraorbital Cell Mucocele and Fully Recovered after Surgical Management: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Sung Hoon , Kim Ki Nam , Kim Young Hyo
Published: July 2020

Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is a benign, expansible, and cystic mass filled with mucous collection. Infraorbital cells are extramural ethmoid cells that develop into the roof of the maxillary sinus and the base of the orbital cavity. Although infraorbital cells are asymptomatic in most cases, inflammation or mucocele in those cells may cause various symptoms including facial pain, hypoesthesia, and secondary rhinosinusitis. They sometimes invade the orbital cavity, which may cause ophthalmic symptoms such as visual disturbance, orbital swelling, and orbital pain. Most of the cases with ophthalmic symptoms are related to sphenoethmoidal cell mucocele. Delayed treatment of more than two days is known to have a poor prognosis for visual disturbances caused by acute optic nerve compression. We describe a case of 61-year-old man who complained of visual disturbance related to infraorbital cell mucocele and fully recovered right after surgical management.
Guidelines for the management of extravasation
Authors: Kim Jung Tae , Park Jeong Yun , Lee Hyun Jung , Cheon Young Ju
Published: July 2020

The purpose of these practice guidelines is to offer and share strategies for preventing extravasation and measures for handling drugs known to cause tissue necrosis, which may occur even with the most skilled experts at intravenous (IV) injection. Herein, general knowledge about extravasation is first described, including its definition, incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and extravasation injuries. Management of extravasation includes nursing intervention and thermal application. At the first sign of extravasation, nursing intervention with following steps is recommended: stop administration of IV fluids immediately, disconnect the IV tube from the cannula, aspirate any remaining drug from the cannula, administer drug-specific antidote, and notify the physician. Local thermal treatments are used to decrease the site reaction and absorption of the infiltrate. Local cooling (ice packs) aids in vasoconstriction, theoretically limiting the drug dispersion. Although clear benefit has not been demonstrated with thermal applications, it remains a standard supportive care. The recommended application schedule for both warm and cold applications is 15 to 20 minutes, every 4 hours, for 24 to 48 hours. For prevention of extravasation, health professionals should be familiar with the extravasation management standard guidelines. They should regularly check the extravasation kit, assess patients’ sensory changes, tingling or burning, and always pay attention to patients’ words. The medical team’s continuous education on extravasation is essential. With the practical use of these guidelines, it is expected to reduce the occurrence rate of extravasation and contribute to patient care improvement.
First detection of Francisella halioticida in mussels Mytilus spp. experiencing mortalities in France
Authors: Charles M , Villalba A , Meyer G , Trancart S , Lagy C , Bernard I , Houssin M
Published: July 2020

This note describes the first detection of the bacteria Francisella halioticida in mussels Mytilus spp. from locations in Normandy and northern Brittany (France) experiencing high mussel mortalities, while it was not detected in the Bay of St Brieuc (northern Brittany), an area which was not affected by abnormal mussel mortality. The distribution of the bacteria in mussels seems to be restricted to inflammatory granulomas as observed in Yesso scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis from Canada and Japan. F. halioticida has been identified as being involved in mass (>80%) mortality of abalones Haliotis gigantea in Japan and high (up to 40%) mortality of Yesso scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis in Canada as well as in lesions reducing marketability of Yesso scallops in Japan. The impact of this bacterium on the health of mussels needs to be investigated in future research, especially since the cause of high mussel mortalities that have been occurring in France for the past few years is still undetermined.
THE EFFECT OF JIGSAW TYPE OF COOPERATIVE MODEL ON THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENTS SOCIAL SCIENCE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Fauziah Ully , Taufina Taufina
Published: July 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of Jigsaw Cooperative learning on student learning outcomes in social studies learning in grade 5 of elementary school. This research was motivated by the fact that teachers tended to apply conventional learning models, learning was often dominated by teachers, so the learning process was less attractive to students, and student learning outcomes in social studies learning still tended to be low. This research was a quantitative research with quasy experimental research design. The sampling was taken by using purposive sample technique. The research sample consisted of 50 people with a population of 50 people. The treatment that researchers gave to the experimental class aimed to determine the effect that occurred on learning outcomes using the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Method. The instrument used in collecting data in the form of objective tests with multiple choice forms. Based on the research that has been done, the obtained t-count> t-table was 4.5378> 2.011 with α = 0.05 which meant that H0 was rejected. The average student learning outcomes measured by posttest after learning, namely in the 86.88 experimental class and 75.63 control class. So Ha accepted that there was an influence of the use of Jigsaw Cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in social studies learning in grade 5 of elementary school.
OUR CHANGING ATTITUDE TOWARDS GRASS
Authors: Thomas P.T.
Published: July 2020

THE advertisements for New Zealand butter in English newspapers describe your country as a grazier's paradise and readers are encouraged to consume what can be regarded as bottled-up sunshine. I was naturally very anxious to come to a country where grass is so much valued and to appreciate at first hand the striking advances that have been made in grassland research and development. In Britain, we have experienced a changing attitude towards grass and the cereal crop, especially barley, is assuming increasing importance. Associated with this trend has been a greater demand for barley in order to produce early maturing beef animals. This system, however, which relies almost entirely on barley, is not without serious disadvantages and there are indications of a renewed interest in grass for intensive meat production.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN REMUNERASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI BADAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH KABUPATEN KARAWANG PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Rohayati Yeti
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing and analyzing the effect of policy implementation and motivation on the performance of the financial management and assets of the Karawang district. The independent variables are policy implementation (X1) and motivation (X2) as exogenous variables, and as endogenous variables are performance (Y). This research uses descriptive analysis method with the type of research survey research. The population was 127 pegwai while 56 people were sampled. Data collection using questionnaires as the main instrument, while for secondary data through interviews, and tracking through applicable regulations, analysis using quantitative techniques with descriptive statistics, and path analysis with the help of SPSS version 23 for Windows and Macro Minitab for Windows versions 17.0. Based on the analysis of quantitative data gives the results that the direct and indirect effects of policy implementation (X1) on the performance of 50.26%, and the direct and indirect influence of motivation (X2) on the performance of 29.39%, with a large effect of simultaneous implementation and motivation for the performance of employees of the financial management agency and regional assets of Karawang Regency is 79.65% (strong influence category). Meanwhile, other variables that affect the performance but not examined are 20.35%.
STANDAR KOMPETENSI JABATAN ASN (STUDI PADA JABATAN PIMPINAN TINGGI PRATAMA DI LINGKUNGAN INSPEKTORAT KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA PROVINSI JAWA BARAT)
Authors: Rohmadin Sulthon , Batubara Yusi Eva
Published: July 2020

In line with the President Jokowi’s Government Vision for the 2019-2024 period which focuses on “Excellent human Resources”, the bureaucratic reform requires the structuring and strengthening of apparatus resources, one of which is through ASN position competency standards. Job competency standards are used for employee procurement, appointment in office, promotion, transfer between positions, career development and awards for ASN. The method used in this study is tailor made method combined with FGD (expert meeting) method with related bureaucratic apparatus, and Delphi technique, which is one of the techniques for involving stakeholders in decision making/policy by gathering opinions through questionnaires/questionnaire. This study resulted in the concept of competency standards for high-level leadership positions in the Majalengka Regency Inspectorate consisting of managerial competencies (8 competencies), socio-cultural competencies (1 competency), technical competencies (8 competencies) and government competencies (17 competencies)
KEBUTUHAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BAGI PENUTUR ASING THAILAND
Authors: Elva Riezky Maharany
Published: July 2020

Peningkatan kedudukan Bahasa Indonesia terwujud dengan adanya pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA). Salah satu pembelajaran yang memiliki karakteristik khusus adalah pembelajaran BIPA Thailand. Berdasarkan kekhususan tersebut maka diperlukan penelitian tentang kebutuhan apa saja yang berkaitan dengan materi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Berdasarkan temuan dapat disimpulkan terdapat 2 pokok temuan yaitu (1) kebutuhan bahasa pengajaran BIPA Thailand dan (2) kebutuhan budaya pengajaran BIPA Thailand. Kebutuhan bahasa pengajaran BIPA terdiri atas kebutuhan materi yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan topik, jenis teks, serta tata bahasa.Terdapat 10 topik, 6 jenis teks, serta 21 materi tata bahasa. Lain halnya dengan kebutuhan budaya pengajaran BIPA yang mengelompokkan aspek kebudayaan menjadi dua yaitu topik dan aspek kebudayaan. Berdasarkan temuan topik yang diperluakan terdiri atas 10 topik sedangkan aspek kebudayaan terdapat 11 aspek yang perlu diajarkan.
Improving the Performance of Printable Carbon Electrodes by Femtosecond Laser Treatment
Authors: Girolami Marco , Bellucci Alessandro , Mastellone Matteo , Serpente Valerio , Orlando Stefano , Valentini Veronica , Palma Alessandro L. , Di Carlo Aldo , Trucchi Daniele M.
Published: July 2020

Low-cost carbon-conductive films were screen-printed on a Plexiglas® substrate, and then, after a standard annealing procedure, subjected to femtosecond (fs) laser treatments at different values of total accumulated laser fluence ΦA. Four-point probe measurements showed that, if ΦA > 0.3 kJ/cm2, the sheet resistance of laser-treated films can be reduced down to about 15 Ω/sq, which is a value more than 20% lower than that measured on as-annealed untreated films. Furthermore, as pointed out by a comprehensive Raman spectroscopy analysis, it was found that sheet resistance decreases linearly with ΦA, due to a progressively higher degree of crystallinity and stacking order of the graphitic phase. Results therefore highlight that fs-laser treatment can be profitably used as an additional process for improving the performance of printable carbon electrodes, which have been recently proposed as a valid alternative to metal electrodes for stable and up-scalable perovskite solar cells.
Thermal Resonance and Cell Behavior
Authors: Lucia Umberto , Grisolia Giulia
Published: July 2020

From a thermodynamic point of view, living cell life is no more than a cyclic process. It starts with the newly separated daughter cells and restarts when the next generations grow as free entities. During this cycle, the cell changes its entropy. In cancer, the growth control is damaged. In this paper, we analyze the role of the volume–area ratio in the cell in relation to the heat exchange between cell and its environment in order to point out its effect on cancer growth. The result holds to a possible control of the cancer growth based on the heat exchanged by the cancer toward its environment and the membrane potential variation, with the consequence of controlling the ions fluxes and the related biochemical reactions. This second law approach could represent a starting point for a possible future support for the anticancer therapies, in order to improve their effectiveness for the untreatable cancers.
Effectiveness of Educational Practices in University Students’ Knowledge about Sun Protection and Its Relation to Sunlight Exposure: An Exploratory Study in a Portuguese Higher Education Institution
Authors: Roque Ferreira Bárbara , Simões João , Ferreira Maria Eduarda
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, there is worldwide recognition that health and educational outcomes are inextricably linked. It is also recognized that health education comprises opportunities to improve health literacy, including the improvement of knowledge and the development of life skills to promote individual health. It is also known that the behavioral practices regarding sun exposure are an important risk factor for skin cancer. Research is needed in this area to understand the contribution of the “Education for Health” curricular unit to these issues. Our exploratory research sought to collect information about the knowledge and practices regarding sun exposure of a group of Portuguese university students who have already attended this curricular unit. The results indicate that the participants show that, notwithstanding that they have already attended this curricular unit, they do not have more literacy on skin health, do not perceive that sun exposure habits are related to skin health and do not perceive that photoprotection constitutes prevention of skin cancer. The results support the need to promote the necessary reflection and debate on the way in which health education should be taught, as well as what is taught, in order to empower students to get decision-making skills associated with the adoption of healthier attitudes and practices, thus helping to prevent skin cancer.
Anaerobic-Based Water Resources Recovery Facilities: A Review
Authors: AlSayed Ahmed , Soliman Moomen , Eldyasti Ahmed
Published: July 2020

The concept of water resources recovery facilities (WRRFs) has gained more attention as a more sustainable substitute for the conventional activated sludge-based wastewater treatment plant (CAS-WWTPs). Anaerobic treatment is advantageous due to its lower energy use, limited sludge production, and higher recovery of the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) from the received wastewater. In this article, a critical review of the proposed scheme for the anaerobic-based WRRF (An-WRRFs) is presented which is preceded with discussion of CAS-WWTPs limitations. In addition, the evolution of anaerobic treatment from being viewed as wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to WRRF is demonstrated. It is attained that, even though anaerobic WWTPs (An-WWTPs) have simple and low energy mainline and very limited sludge handling process, its limited removal and recovery capacity have been widely reported, especially in cold weather. On the other hand, in the An-WRRF, higher energy expenditures are employed by using membranes, dissolved methane recovery unit, and primary treatment (extra sludge handling). Yet, energy recovery in the form of biogas is notably increased, as well as the removal efficiency under moderate residence times. The three key challenges to be overcome are the low value of biogas, reducing the energy use associated with membranes, and maintaining high performance in full-scale, especially in cold weather.
The Cost of Wind: Negative Economic Effects of Global Wind Energy Development
Authors: Dorrell John , Lee Keunjae
Published: July 2020

This paper provides a structured literature review of the negative economic effects associated with the development of wind energy and synthesized the evidence at an abstract level. We then developed an analytical framework to systematically review economic issues such as volatility, electricity price, housing values, and unemployment in relation to wind energy. Global wind energy development data from the time period from 2000 through 2019 were included for a more robust analysis. This period encompasses the vast majority of total global installed wind energy capacity. After amalgamating evidence from existing studies and data banks, we discuss the policy implications, suggest avenues for future research, and propose solutions to mitigate externalities. By understanding the negative economic impact created by the expansion of wind energy, we can better equip policy makers and developers to create more efficient and sustainable energy policy to benefit citizens and preserve the environment for generations to come.
Cancer Mortality Trends in Spain (2000–2016): Differences between Immigrant and Native Populations
Authors: Oliva-Arocas Adriana , Pereyra-Zamora Pamela , Copete José M. , Nolasco Andreu
Published: July 2020

Spain’s population has changed thanks to recent immigration. Therefore, a new epidemiological and demographic profile has been generated in the country. This study aims to analyze immigrant and native cancer mortality trends in Spain for the period 2000 to 2016. An ecological study of trends was carried out. Age-standardized rates of cancer mortality (ASR) and annual percentage change (APC) between groups and study sub-periods were calculated. Significant decreases in ASR were observed for cancer in both the native and the immigrant populations, in both men and women. However, in 2014–2016, there was an increase in ASR in the immigrant population compared to 2011–2013, due to the increase in ASR among immigrants from European regions. Differences in ASR by cancer between immigrant and native populations residing in Spain have been identified, both in the rate of decline and magnitude as well as by the birth region of the immigrant population. The increase observed in the cancer mortality trend at the end of the period in some immigrant groups indicates the need to monitor these indicators given the demographic, social, and economic changes.
No-Touch Automated Disinfection System for Decontamination of Surfaces in Hospitals
Authors: Tarka Patryk , Nitsch-Osuch Aneta
Published: July 2020

Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) remain a common problem, which suggests that standard decontamination procedures are insufficient. Thus, new methods of decontamination are needed in hospitals. Methods: We assessed the effectiveness of a no-touch automated disinfection (NTD) system in the decontamination of 50 surfaces in 10 hospital rooms. Contamination of surfaces was assessed with a microbiological assay and an ATP bioluminescence assay. Unacceptable contamination was defined as > 100 colony forming units/100 cm2 in the microbiological assay, and as ≥ 250 relative light units in the ATP assay. Results: When measured with the microbiological assay, 11 of 50 surfaces had unacceptable contamination before NTD, and none of the surfaces had unacceptable contamination after NTD (p < 0.001). On the ATP bioluminescence assay, NTD decreased the number of surfaces with unacceptable contamination from 28 to 13, but this effect was non-significant (p = 0.176). On the microbiological assay taken before NTD, the greatest contamination exceeded the acceptable level by more than 11-fold (lamp holder, 1150 CFU/100 cm2). On the ATP bioluminescence assay taken before NTD, the greatest contamination exceeded the acceptable level by more than 43-fold (Ambu bag, 10,874 RLU). Conclusion: NTD effectively reduced microbiological contamination in all hospital rooms. However, when measured with the ATP bioluminescence assay, the reduction of contamination was not significant.
Exercise, Comorbidities, and Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV: The HIBES Cohort Study
Authors: Zech Philipp , Schuch Felipe , Pérez-Chaparro Camilo , Kangas Maria , Rapp Michael , Heissel Andreas
Published: July 2020

(1) Background: People with HIV (PWH) may perform more than one type of exercise cumulatively. The objective of this study is to investigate recreational exercise and its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and comorbidities in relation to potential covariates. (2) Methods: The HIBES study (HIV-Begleiterkrankungen-Sport) is a cross-sectional study for people with HIV. The differences between non-exercisers versus exercisers (cumulated vs. single type of exercises) were investigated using regression models based on 454 participants. (3) Results: Exercisers showed a higher HRQOL score compared to non-exercisers (Wilcox r = 0.2 to 0.239). Psychological disorders were identified as the main covariate. Participants performing exercise cumulatively showed higher scores in duration, frequency, and intensity when compared to participants performing only one type of exercise. The mental health summary score was higher for the cumulated and single type of exercise if a psychological disorder existed. Duration and intensity were associated with an increase of HRQOL, whilst a stronger association between psychological disorders and exercise variables were evident. Exercise duration (minutes) showed a significant effect on QOL (standardized beta = 0.1) and for participants with psychological disorders (standardized beta = 0.3), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Psychological disorders and other covariates have a prominent effect on HRQOL and its association with exercise. For PWH with a psychological disorder, a stronger relationship between HRQOL with exercise duration and intensity emerged. However, differentiation of high-HRQOL individuals warrants further investigation by considering additional factors.
Biomechanical Model-Based Development of an Active Occupational Upper-Limb Exoskeleton to Support Healthcare Workers in the Surgery Waiting Room
Authors: Tröster Mark , Wagner David , Müller-Graf Felix , Maufroy Christophe , Schneider Urs , Bauernhansl Thomas
Published: July 2020

Occupational ergonomics in healthcare is an increasing challenge we have to handle in the near future. Physical assistive systems, so-called exoskeletons, are promising solutions to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Manual handling like pushing, pulling, holding and lifting during healthcare activities require practical and biomechanical effective assistive devices. In this article, a musculoskeletal-model-based development of an assistive exoskeleton is described for manual patient transfer in the surgery waiting room. For that purpose, kinematic data collected with an experimental set-up reproducing real patient transfer conditions are first used to define the kinetic boundary conditions for the model-based development approach. Model-based analysis reveals significant relief potential in the lower back and shoulder area of the musculoskeletal apparatus. This is corroborated by subjective feedback collected during measurements with real surgery assistants. A shoulder–arm exoskeleton design is then proposed, optimized and evaluated within the same simulation framework. The presented results illustrate the potential for the proposed design to reduce significantly joint compressions and muscle activities in the shoulder complex in the considered patient transfer scenarios.