bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activated Carbon: Eco-friendly Material for Wastewater Application
Authors: Hassan Siti Suhana , Khong Heng Yen , Hui Chang Robin Yee
Published: March 2022

With the advancements of technologies, pollution is worsening day by day, especially water pollution. Water pollution was caused by the excess discharge of the toxic substances that enter the water bodies such as lakes, ponds, and streams. The toxic substances that accumulate in the water sources can be harmful for the living. This water is not safe for public use and requires treatments before it is disseminated for household use. As such, activated carbon is a powerful adsorbent in wastewater treatments. Production of activated carbon from agricultural sources has attracted the researcher’s attention. Since agricultural sources are high in availability due to their abundance, low-cost operation, and eco-friendly materials. Activated carbon can remove various dyes including methylene blue, Rhodamine B, methyl orange, aniline yellow, and Remazol brilliant blue R in wastewater discharge from the industries. Activated carbon is also a powerful adsorbent for heavy metals such as Pb (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Zn (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), Mn (II), Hg (II) and As (V). Besides, activated carbon can act as an adsorbent for the removal of common pharmaceutical waste and phenolic compound of 2,4-dimethylphenol.
A Faith for the Future
Authors: Palmqvist Carl-Johan
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the philosophy of J. L. Schellenberg, “evolutionary religion” is a religious stance oriented towards the deep future. According to Schellenberg, the best form of evolutionary religion is non-doxastic faith in ultimism. I reject Schellenberg’s arguments for preferring ultimism and suggest that committing non-doxastically to traditional religion makes more sense from an evolutionary perspective. I argue that the alignment argument for traditional religion remains sound even when the deep future is considered. Furthermore, I assess Schellenberg’s claim that humanity is religiously immature.
La normalización sindical de Mucci a Casella. Aportes para la comprensión de la “democratización” en la posdictadura argentina
Authors: Massano Juan Pedro
Published: March 2022

Reconstruimos el proceso por el cual el gobierno alfonsinista intentó reorganizar las conducciones sindicales restando posiciones al sindicalismo peronista opositor y apuntalando las del sindicalismo que se mostró más afín, su fracaso, y el proceso que llevó a la ley de normalización efectiva. Recurrimos a un registro hemerográfico, a documentos oficiales, a distintos archivos de entrevistas a actores significativos de dicho proceso, y al acervo bibliográfico pertinente. Ponemos particular atención en elementos poco o nada relevados por la bibliografía, como la intervención de actores externos al conflicto gobierno-sindicatos y el peso de las “conducciones alternativas”, para entender la resolución del mismo.
Introducción: História social dos trabalhadores do mar
Authors: Rodrigues Jaime
Published: March 2022

Este dossier presenta artículos recopilados en torno al tema de la Historia social de los trabajadores del mar. Agencia, trabajo, resistencia y conocimiento profesional son vínculos que unen a los trabajadores en sus actividades laborales y en otros aspectos de la vida social, como el lenguaje, la organización, la memoria de la exploración, la circulación y el contacto con otras culturas.
Navegantes indígenas, perlas y canoas en el Caribe del siglo XVI: experiencias transculturales conectadas por el mar
Authors: Rodríguez Velásquez Fidel
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo discute desde una perspectiva histórica e historiográfica, las formas como las poblaciones indígenas del Caribe Sur influyeron y dieron forma a las pesquerías de perlas de la ciudad de Nueva Cádiz en la isla de Cubagua durante las primeras décadas del siglo XVI. Para ello, se exploran los primeros encuentros entre ibéricos e indígenas en el Caribe Sur, así como, el conocimiento indígena de la navegación y la construcción de embarcaciones a partir de la experiencia de los pueblos Warao y Kariña. Finalmente se analiza el accionar político de las poblaciones indígenas de la costa de Tierra Firme que aparecen en las fuentes documentales identificadas con nombres como Piritu, Cumanagoto, Tagare y Palenque. Desde este ángulo crítico se proponen nuevos caminos para pensar las relaciones entre indígenas e ibéricos en esta región durante el siglo XVI y los aportes de las poblaciones indígenas y sus tecnologías en la construcción del temprano mundo moderno.
MACK, John. O mar: uma história cultural. Prefácio Álvaro Garrido. Trad. Sarah Adamopoulos. Editora Book Builders: Lisboa, 2018.
Authors: Gomes de Araújo Lana C.
Published: March 2022

Revisión del libro O mar: uma história cultural por L. C. Gomes de Araújo
DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI PENILAIAN KINERJA GURU BERDASARKAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
Authors: Maulana Reza , Tone Kamaruddin , Nur Alfira
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Setiap guru dituntut untuk bisa merancang atau merencanakan pembelajaran sebelum proses pembelajaran. Tugas dan tanggu jawab guru yang banyak dalam kegiatan dikelas dan diluar sekolah, sehingga guru memiliki keterbatasan waktu dalam menyusun RPP, yang menyebabkan RPP yang dibuat guru kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat suatu sistem informasi yang dapat membantu dan memudahkan guru dalam proses pembbuatan RPP menggunakan media computer. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, salah satu pendekatan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan studi literatur. Aplikasi ini di uji menggunakan black box, menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MYSQL. Dari penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Kinerja Guru Dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran  Berbasis web, yang dapat membantu dan memudahkan pembuatan RPP dan menilai kinerja guru dalam proses pembuatan RPP.
‘Complexation’ of Palm Oil in Indonesia: The Actors and Their Involvement in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi
Authors: Mukrimin Mukrimin
Published: March 2022

This research examines the complexity of many significant changes in Indonesia's palm oil (PO) industry in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi, focusing on the actors' involvement. The PO commerce in this country continues to grow due to the increasing demand for crude palm oil (CPO) and kernel palm oil (KPO), low labor costs, vast lands, tropical climate, soil conditions, as well as domestic and global demand. Furthermore, private firms and smallholders continue to dominate the OP sector with continuous growth from upstream to downstream. This suggested that the PO industry has substantially impacted and helped change the newly constituted district of West Sulawesi, North Mamuju, by applying ethnographical modes of inquiry. According to the actors, the complexity of PO industry in this region is simply driven by the dynamics of the frontier inside and beyond PO plantations zona. Secondly, they are committed to ensuring that the region continues to be a center of PO industry to stimulate economic development in Sulawesi. Empirically, investment requirements and community attractiveness to PO continue to persuade local governments that the sector is the only development path. Local actors envision North Mamuju as the future hub for PO farmers in the East Indonesian region.
Religion, Science, And Culture Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic: Muhammadiyah’s Worship Guidance and Members’ Responses
Authors: Muttaqin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

How have religious organizations responded to the COVID-19 pandemic? Why have some religious organizations responded to this outbreak from a scientific perspective, but many others have not? This paper explores the Muhammadiyah's proactive role in responding to the COVID-19 outbreak through an integration-interconnection perspective of religion, science, and culture. Apart from establishing the Muhammadiyah COVID-19 Command Center (MCCC), Muhammadiyah have been actively providing religious guidance amidst the pandemic. Through a review of organizational documents and an auto-nethnography study of the responses of Muhammadiyah members and their community, this paper examines the content and process of disseminating religious guidance, as well as the responses of the organization members and society generally. The dynamics of the response of Muhammadiyah members and sympathizers to religious guidance issued by the Central Board of Muhammadiyah will be read from the perspective of the religious authority in the VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) era. This paper underlines that the Muhammadiyah have shown efforts to integrate religion, science, and culture through MCCC to deal with the outbreak. This confirms that the Muhammadiyah movement is both rational and pro-science and serves as a shred of evidence that religious organizations can be problem solvers, although authorities are potentially challenged in the VUCA era.
Islamic Manuscripts of Meranaw Muslims In Mindanao: An Inquiry of The Richness of The Intellectual Heritage
Authors: Riwarung Labi Hadji Sarip
Published: March 2022

This inquiry on the Islamic manuscripts intends to illuminate the rich artistic and intellectual writing traditions of the Meranaw Muslims in the Philippines. These Meranaw manuscripts play an important role in guiding people’s lives as a source of religious knowledge that reflects people’s thoughts and aspirations. Moreover, these manuscripts are additionally an important source of knowledge in understanding people’s culture, history, and relationships with other nations, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Brunei, and more. These manuscripts are handwritten in Arabic script called batang a Arab or in Jawi or kirim. Some of these manuscripts are the handwritten Qur’an, kisas (Islamic stories), prayer scrolls, medicinal manuscripts or mga bolongs, book of kakasi (book of charms), and the ilmo extreme unction and other Islamic manuscripts of importance to the Meranaw. There are also Islamic manuscripts that are written in stencil and printed like the Parokonan, the introductory guide to prayer, Alipalipan ( a book for beginners of the Arabic alphabet), Mawlid/ Barsindi (the devotional song about Prophet Muhammad (P.U.H)), Taabir Mimpi (the book of prophecy), qira’a, Sarf, and Tajwid. To the Meranaws, manuscripts are family belongings with great personal value. They are a family treasure handed down from generation to generation and strictly guarded with great care. Families cover the manuscripts with cloth or skin of an animal for protection and lock them in a chest so that they will be accessed only by their family. This research paper presents the Islamic Manuscript of the Meranaw, describes its characteristics and contents to explain the tremendous value to the Meranaw Society, hence the richness of the archival libraries mentioned.
The Dayak Selako Shamans Oral Tradition: Intermediary Between People, Culture And Religion
Authors: Kristianus Kristianus
Published: March 2022

The Dayak Shamans of Western Kalimantan of Borneo mediate between people and the Makhluk halus or invisible beings. The Makhluk halus who have their own well-defined roles, live in the sky, earth, water and other places, with similar needs as the humans, and the relations between humans and spirits in the context of traditional beliefs are inseparable. Interestingly, these beliefs are common to both Dayak Selako Shamanism and Kalimantan Islam. The Malay oral tradition has a major influence on the Dayak Selako culture in Western Kalimantan. In fact, both ethnic groups had originated historically from the same roots, but later separated by Islam and Christianity. Thus, irrespective of their affiliations to the major religions of Christianity and Islam, the Dayak Selako Shamanism and the Islamic spiritual healing practiced in Western Kalimantan follow the same oral tradition when conducting spiritual communication and shamanic healing.  For the Malays, communication with the spiritual world begins with the recital of the Islamic verses, forming an essential part of the the Malay identity. Interestingly, the Dayak Selako Christians too use the same verses. We argue that the Dayak Selako Shaman is not only an intermediary between the Dayaks and their spirits,  but also between the Dayak, Islam and Christianit religions. The mutual values of oral tradition in shamanism’s of the Dayak Selako and Malays have created a societal structure based on the natural cycle and life pattern.
Religious Ambience on Social Media: A Case Study in A Pandemic Situation
Authors: Bordoloi Paranjoy
Published: March 2022

Social media has been crucially important today in the pandemic situation. This work is rooted in key questions: whether social media consumption increases during a pandemic and does the communicative action of social media target religious ambience? The findings show that the flow of messages has increased on social media platforms during pandemic. However, the communicative action of social media is not targeted toward religious ambience. This work is based on data collected through a qualitative survey in the context of Assam, a state of India. The study concludes the communicative action of social media depends on its users' profiles. Users’ profile is perhaps the determining factor regarding religious ambience on social media.
Religious Consistency and Commitment to Local Tradition Within the Bawakareng Community in Indonesia’s South Sulawesi
Authors: Pabbajah Mustaqim
Published: March 2022

Islam and local traditions have been struggling dynamically as seen in the reality of the social and religious life in the Indonesian context. This study aims to reaffirm the relationship between religion and local traditions by observing the consistency of South Sulawesi’s Bawakaraeng community in practicing both Islam and local traditions. This work is based on data collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The results of this study show three findings. First, the Bawakaraeng community, represented by some people of Buginese and Macassarese ethnic groups, still believes that a local mountain is the center of a ritual to get closer to the creator. Second, the community has not only a strong consistency in the practice of Islamic teachings, but also a high commitment to maintaining local traditions, as practiced by Bawakaraeng community members. Third, religious consistency and a commitment to local traditions are practiced simultaneously through worshiping rituals such as prayers, remembrances, alms, and the pilgrimage activities (qurban-scarification) and tawaf). Thus, the Islamic spirits are being practiced consistently and continuously within the community’s local context. This study suggests further undiscovered research on local communities using a contextual approach.
Modern Religious Counseling Model in The Ancient Manuscript of Lontara Attorioloang Ri Wajo
Authors: Rahmi Hesty Nur , Patmawati Patmawati , Riwarung Labi Hadji Sarip
Published: March 2022

Lontara Attorioloang ri Wajo is one of the ancient manuscripts of Bugis found in Sambas, ​​West Kalimantan. Although ancient manuscripts have long been recognized as being important sources of physical and spiritual life for indi­genous peoples, they have not been properly researched in academic discourse. The study of ancient manuscripts is still rarely done by historical researchers in West ­Kalimantan. In fact, the texts cover many issues including important aspects of human life such as religion, nation, and other human needs. This study focuses on the counselors, themes, and model of religious counseling presented in the manuscript Lontara Attorioloang ri Wajo. Content analysis is employed to discuss the text with regard to counseling figures, themes of religious counseling, and counseling model. The data indicates that the Arung Matoae (king) in Wajo Kingdom was an important counselor in the region. He practiced religious counseling that covered monotheism, leadership, human relations, and relationships to the universe. The King applied individual and group counseling for his religious counseling activities. This study offers new insight into religious counseling science as it has been practiced by people in the past as recorded in the manuscript. Past cultural track records can be restored with in-depth studies of the text which may lead to multi-disciplines that involve counseling experts, philologists, and historians collaborating to reveal further research findings.
Jak ograniczyć ślad węglowy inhalatorów ciśnieniowych dozujących ?
Authors: Emeryk Andrzej , Emeryk-Maksymiuk Justyna , Sosnowski Tomasz R.
Published: March 2022

Inhalatory ciśnieniowe dozujące (pMDI) postawiają największy ślad węglowy spośród wszystkich indywidualnych urządzeń inhalacyjnych. W największym stopniu zależy on zastosowanych propelentów. Inhalator pMDI z propelentem typu HFA 227a pozostawia 2-3 krotnie większy ślad węglowy niż pMDI z HFA 134a. Ograniczenie śladu węglowego pMDI może się dokonać poprzez redukcję preskrypcji leków w pMDI na rzecz inhalatorów suchego proszku (DPI), wprowadzenie powszechnego recyklingu inhalatorów, zmianę formulacji niektórych leków, czy wprowadzenie nowych propelentów w pMDI o niskim potencjale cieplarnianym. Najbardziej zaawansowane prace dotyczą HFA 152a. Przewiduje się, że inhalatory pMDI z HFA 152a będą miały ślad węglowy zbliżony do przeciętnego DPI.
Pop-up architecture as a tool for popularizing theatre: Prototype No. 1
Authors: Boháčová Kristína , Schleicher Alexander
Published: March 2022

This article builds on previous research dealing with temporary theatres in the context of Europe and Slovakia, discusses the topic of pop-up pavilions in terms of architecture, their use in marketing and as a potential tool for reviving the theatre scene. Just as temporary architecture can activate neglected areas in the city and bring stimuli for a permanent change, we believe that it can be equally stimulating in the area of theatre. The Shed by Haworth Tompkins is one of the examples to demonstrate a possible positive contribution of such designs to a permanent theatre and its surroundings. Based on the analysis of similar examples and statistical data on the attendance of theatre performances, we decided to design and implement a prototype of a minimal theatre scene, which also provides wide variability and can be used beyond the time dedicated to theatre activities. In the design phase, we examine the limits of variability and explore the basics of kinetic architecture. In the second phase after the object is assembled and implemented, the subject of research will be its impact on the environment, the extent of user interaction with the object and the overall functionality of the object. The ambitions of our project do not reach as high as presented in The Shed. The aim was to test the possibilities and viability of a much smaller object, to document the cultural, educational, and even economic benefits, in domestic conditions of Slovakia. Thanks to The Program for the Support of Young Researchers of the Slovak University of Technology and The PUN (Universal Design Support) Project No. 321041APA3 financed by the European Social Fund, the object is currently in production, and later will be moved to the faculty premises, surface-threated and then assembled for the very first time. The prototype should be fully available by the end of the year 2022.
Archaeology and Virtual Simulation Restoration of Costumes in the Han Xizai Banquet Painting
Authors: Liu Kaixuan , Wu Hanhan , Gao Yuanyuan , Zhu Chun , Ji Yanbo , Lü Zhao
Published: March 2022

Based on 3D virtual fitting technology, this paper simulates and reproduces the fabric patterns and sewing processes of 12 characters’ costumes in different scenes on the basis of completing the archaeology of the characters’ costumes in the painting, so as to realize the 3D virtual sewing and digital simulation restoration of the characters costumes. This paper draws the style diagram, structure diagram and 3D virtual simulation diagram of the character costumes in the painting. The article further improves the research on the costumes of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, which has a certain reference value for the study of ancient character costumes and the promotion of Chinese garment culture. At the same time, it provides a reference for the design of artistic works such as character costumes in film and television and games.
Ruled surfaces obtained by curves in the lightlike cone
Authors: Uçum Ali
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the ruled surfaces obtained the lightlike curve in the 2-dimensional lightlike cone according to the frame given in [7]. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the ruled surfaces to be minimal and to have a harmonic Gauss map. Then we see that the ruled surface is minimal if and only if it has a harmonic Gauss map.
Dualistic Data Property Right: Solution for Controllership of Data in the European Union?
Authors: Žárská Petra , Mesarčík Matúš
Published: March 2022

Personal data are new assets in the digital economy. While personal data are protected by GDPR in the European Union, its economic value is not protected. Unless, the economic value of personal data is addressed in legal systems of Member states, the interests of people are not fully covered. The article aims to fill the vacuum by introducing new property right to data, the dualistic data property rights. The dualistic data property right is conceptually inspired by Copyright. The article proposes the character and content of the right that is in line with existing legal system and GDPR as well. The authors embark on analyses of all aspect of the dualistic property right and its benefits for the digital economy.
Sub-National Spatial Price Indexes for Housing: Methodological Issues and Computation for Italy
Authors: Benedetti Ilaria , Biggeri Luigi , Laureti Tiziana
Published: March 2022

It is essential to measure within-country differences in housing costs in order to evaluate costs of living, assessing and comparing poverty levels, quantifying salaries and disposable income of families and finally for designing housing policies at local level. To the authors knowledge, no studies have yet been carried out on the computation of Space Price Indexes for Housing Rents (SPIHRs). In this article we computed preliminary estimates of sub-national SPIHRs by using hedonic regression model, which is an extension of the Country Product Dummy method, for all the Italian regions. The hedonic regression is generally used to obtain multilateral spatial indexes, thus allowing us to obtain multilateral SPIHRs for the Italian regions. The estimates have been done using 2017 data from the Real Estate Market Observatory which is a part of the Italian Agency of Revenue and Tax. This data source is the most comprehensive source of information on Italian houses price rents with a wide geographical coverage, including data for each Italian municipality. The obtained results show significant differences across the Italian regions, thus highlighting the importance of calculating SPIHR in Italy on a regular basis and the need to continue researches in this field.
Comparison of organs at risk doses between deep inspiration breath-hold and free-breathing techniques during radiotherapy of left-sided breast cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tegaw Eyachew Misganew , Tadesse Getu Ferenji , Geraily Ghazale , Gholami Somayeh , Gebreamlak Wondesen Tassew
Published: March 2022

After radiotherapy (RT) of left-sided breast cancer patients, organs at risk (OARs) such as heart, left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and left lung could be affected by radiation dose in the long term. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis and determine OARs dose reduction during left-sided breast cancer treatment using different RT modalities combined with deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) relative to free-breathing (FB). PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were used to search for studies until June 6, 2021. Nineteen eligible studies were selected and analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 statistical software package. The pooled weighted mean difference (MD) with their 95% confidence intervals for each of the three OAR mean doses were determined using a random-effects meta-analysis model to assess the dose reductions. From a total of 189 studies, 1 prospective study, 15 retrospective studies, and 3 randomized control trials (RCTs) with an overall of 634 patients were included. Reduction of doses to the heart (weighted MD = -1.79 Gy; 95% CI (-2.28, -1.30); P = 0.00001), LAD (weighted MD = -8.34 Gy; 95% CI (-11.06, -5.61); P = 0.00001), and left-lung (weighted MD = -0.90 Gy; 95% CI (-1.19, -0.61); P = 0.00001) were observed using DIBH combinations relative to FB combination. This study emphasizes that during the treatment of left-sided breast/chest wall (CW) ± supraclavicular (SCV) ± infraclavicular (ICV) ± internal mammary chain (IMC) lymph nodes (LN) ± axillary (Ax)/ cancer patients, different RT modalities combined with DIBH techniques are better options to reduce dose to OARs compared to FB, which benefits to minimize the long-term complications.
Neutron conversion coefficients of ambient dose equivalent and personal dose equivalent
Authors: Kanti Hassan Al , Hajjaji Otman El , Bardouni Tarek El , Mohammed Maged
Published: March 2022

Introduction: This work aims to calculate the ambient and personal dose equivalent conversion coefficients.

Material and methods: The conversion coefficients have been calculated using MC simulation. Additionally, this paper proposes a new method that depends on an analytical approach.

Results: The obtained results in good agreement between MC and an analytical approach were observed. The obtained results were compared to those published in ICRU 57 report.

Conclusions: We deduced that the analytical approach is as effective and suitable as the MC simulation to calculate the operational quantity conversion coefficients.
New Economic Thinking on Current Sustainability Transformations
Authors: MANEA Gheorghe-Cosmin , COZEA Andreea
Published: March 2022

In the development of this study, we have considered the suggestion of some facilities to encourage the research-development-innovation activity within government institutions, universities and high-profile companies, as they also benefit from being able to self-finance their activity and, therefore, they need an insurance as well as an incentive to further encourage efforts and investments which can produce valuable results and applicable concepts. As a facilitator of the development of this paradigm, this can go from concept to practice with the aid of governmental policies and fiscal facilities for investments in creative fields, such as: exemptions from the tax on profit when the profit is (re)invested in creative activities for any type of public or private institution; exemption from corporate income tax for creative and/or newly established businesses for a certain period of time. Thus, the role of research in the field of economics could be reoriented by rethinking the basic principles in order to create a link between the economy and the environment. During the study, a report with case studies is presented aiming to find another approach that will support economic progress not to the detriment but in favour of the environment.
Impactul împăduririlor artificiale asupra calităţii aerului. Principii de dezvoltare durabilă
Authors: CIORNEI Laurenţiu
Published: March 2022

Recent studies suggest that the level of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere can be significantly reduced by employing environmental policies and strategies regarding the use of renewable energy sources, alternative fuels, high energy efficiency plants and equipment, as well as the implementation of a program for afforestation and creation of green spaces for CO2 absorption, retention of fine powders and release of oxygen into the atmosphere. The current paper analyses the above-mentioned environmental strategy, starting from the assumption that the development of an afforestation program contributes to the retention of fine powders and implicitly to the release of a greater quantity of oxygen in the atmosphere, being the starting theory tested through an econometric model. Through this econometric model, the relationship between air quality and the surface of the land on which artificial regeneration was performed will be studied, using panel data for a number of 41 counties in Romania. The results of this analysis highlight that artificial forests have a positive impact on air quality, but the effects are visible after a certain time lag because forests are slowly renewable resources. For these reasons, it should be emphasized that the afforestation program must be doubled by the rational exploitation of this extremely precious resource, the forest, combined with the reduction of emissions of polluting elements. As a consequence, significant air quality improvement can be achieved.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGOLAAN DANA DESA DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS PELAPORAN KEUANGAN DESA DI DESA SUMBERSEKAR
Authors: Sagitarini Yuliana , Mukoffi Ahmad , Wikardojo Soko , Himawan Sukarno
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the management of village funds on village financial reporting in the village of Sumbersekar and to determine the quality of village financial reporting in the village of Sumbersekar. This type of research is an interpretive qualitative method that is able to provide a rich picture of the context of the research, the process is interactive and by collecting data such as documentation and observation, as well as by collecting data from various sources which will be known as triangulation (combined), the type of data that is used. used are primary and secondary data, the source of data in this research is the source of data derived from informants. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study, while the data analysis techniques used are a subject of various parts, the examination of the parts themselves and also the relationship between the sections in order to obtain a proper understanding and overall understanding of this research. Processing and data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the study can be stated that the effectiveness of village fund management in terms of the quality of village financial reporting in Sumbersekar Village is declared effective, because financial management through village expenditure targets is higher than expenditure realization, the effectiveness of village fund management in 2017 was 96.92%, in 2018 it was 98.04 % whereas in 2019 it was declared quite effective because the realization of village expenditure was higher than the village expenditure target of 104.32%, as well as the effectiveness of village fund management if the village expenditure target was higher than the realization of village expenditure, it was said to be effective. Meanwhile, if the management of village funds in the realization of village spending is higher than the target of village expenditures, it is said to be quite effective
Voltage Stability Analysis for Kurdistan Region Power System Using Fast Voltage Stability Index
Authors: Amin Mohammed Dara H.
Published: March 2022

In any stressed power system, Identification of the weakest bus and transmission lines is veryimportant for planning and operation to prevent voltage collapse which leads to total blackout ofthe whole system. The aim of the paper is to use a technique to determine the weakest buses ofthe power system. Increasing load in power system could lead to the event of voltage collapsewhich implies the contingency in the system. Increasing load and line outage contingencies areranked so that the line which highly affects the system could be identified. This paper proposesto utilize an established index called FVSI (Fast Voltage Stability Index) to identify the sensitivelines and critical line outages in the system. Test system of this paper is the KRPS-30-Bus-132kV. The contingency ranking process can be conducted by computing the line stability indexof each line for a particular Increasing load and for line outage contingency. The contingencywhich is ranked the highest implies that it contributed to the system instability.
Effect of Anisotropy on Compression, Strength and Permeability Properties of Clayey Soil
Authors: Khyatt Suhail I. , Al-Zaidy Mohammed N.
Published: March 2022

Anisotropy on compression, strength and permeability of a clayey soil selected from Mosulcity was studied in this paper. Laboratory standard tests were conducted on sets of duplicatedisturbed and undisturbed specimens prepared in the vertical, 45º inclined and horizontal directionsfrom block samples retrieved from the site. The one dimensional consolidation of the clayey soil wasshown to be cross-anisotropic for the vertical and horizontal directions, the 45º inclined showed anintermediate results. Drainage occurred more rapidly in the horizontal direction comparing with 45ºinclined and vertical directions, with horizontal to vertical permeability ratio (rkh) not less than (2.0) fordisturbed and undisturbed specimens from both consolidation and permeability tests. Compression athigher effective stresses caused significant reductions in the coefficient of consolidation (cv) andpermeability (k) although the rk values remained independent of the stress level. Furthermore theclayey soil specimens were noticeably anicotropic in strength, where the relationship betweenstresses and strains for vertical, 45º inclined and horizontal directions exhibited consistently dissimilarpeak values as well as deformations at various strain levels.
Behavior of High Strength Self Compacted Hollow Section Reinforced Concrete Beams under Pure Torsion
Authors: Mahdi Haneen Maad
Published: March 2022

In this work, an experimental study has been conducted to investigate the behavior of high strength self-compacted concrete hollow beams under pure torsion.In this work, the beams were implemented and tested under pure torsion load. A total of six beams were tested. All beams were of the same cross section, the same length, the same concrete mixture and quality control. All beams were of external dimensions (300x300mm) and the hollow dimensions (180 x180mm) and all the concrete beams have the same number of main reinforcement 4Ф12 at the top and 4Ф12 at the bottom, the main variable is the stirrups spacing to investigate the effect of stirrups amount on improving of hollow reinforced concrete beams resistance against torsional moments.The six beams were subjected to pure torsion by using fabricated test machine to enable the application of the mentioned pure torsion load.Experimental results showed that, many structural properties of the beams are improved, by decreasing the stirrups spacing. Highest improvement achieved for ultimate torsional moment (Tu) followed by cracking torsional moment (Tcr) and then by angle of twist (Ø) while the improvement of beam's concrete strain (ε) came at last.The percentage of improvements of the mechanical properties of the beams due to decrease of the stirrups spacing according to the reference beam is: For Tu ranges between (25.7-254.3) %. For Tcr ranges between (25-200) %. For Ø ranges between (23.3-76.0) %. For ε (29.0-50.2) %.The considerable increase in Ø and ε before failure makes the increase of stirrups preferable for safe life and attaining attention.
Theoretical and Experimental Study for Mixed Convection Heat Transfer through Sector Filled by Porous Media
Authors: Zedan Maki H. , Mohammad Basil A.
Published: March 2022

In this research a theoretical & experimental study was conducted on mixed convection heat transfer of flow through sector filled by porous media heated with an axial uniform heat flux on the side walls and thermally insulated from upper & lower surfaces. The theoretical study includes the derivation of governing equations for the flow & heat transfer through the porous media. These equations were reduced to dimensionless momentum and energy equations in which variables were (temperature, stream function and the ratio of Rayleigh to peclet numbers). These equations were solved numerically by using finite difference method & marching process. Numerical results represented by a stream function counters & isotherms for different values of Rayleigh & peclet numbers .The results shown that the radius stream circle increase & isotherms line increase far from walls when rayleigh number increased. The experimental side included study for temperature distribution & local nusselt number along thelength channel in the domain of peclet number between (53.1- 537.4) & rayleigh number between (3.4 – 299.9). The result showed that the temperature increase along the fully develop region and the decrease at the end of the channel. so the local nusselt numbers decreased and then became stable through fully developed region and the porous media has more influence on heat transfer which increase by increase in Rayleigh & peclet numbers. Also found that there is good agreement between theoretical and experimental result so the highest percentage of deviation is (10%).
Theoretical and Experimental Study for Free Vibration for Cantilever Plate Partially or Totally Submerged in Fluid
Authors: Othman Tahseen T. , Hassan Essam J.
Published: March 2022

In this thesis the dynamic characteristics (natural frequency and mode shape) of cantilever plates was studied when they immersed partially or totally in the fluid. The viscosity, density and compressibility of the fluid were taken into account in the theoretical analysis by using the (ANSYS Package) which mainly depends on the (Finite Element Method) in the analysis; by execute interaction between fluid and plate in the interface surface. The (damping analysis) method was used to analyze the new fluid-plate system; this new system is different in its characteristics when compared with the characteristics of the fluid or plate individually. The results were compared with the dry plate characteristics, which were obtained by using the same analyses package, but in this case the (modal analyses) method was used.The natural frequencies and mode shapes for cantilever plates with different aspect ratios immersed in different ratios in fluid were obtained. The effects of submerging ratio and aspect ratio on the plate's dynamic characteristics theoretically and experimentally were investigated. The results showed that, the submerged of cantilever plate in fluid reduce the natural frequency, and this depends on the fluid type, submerged ratio and aspect ratio, and the density is the most influential fluid property on the dynamic characteristics of the plate.
Illumination the Remote Villages by using Water Harvesting
Authors: Yonus Abdulwahab M.
Published: March 2022

The present study carried out to use the water harvesting techniques to collect the water behind the dams proposed in the west southern desert from Iraq and then use this water for generating power to illuminate remote villages situated in the studying region .The study shows that there is feasibility to generate about 455kw to illuminate 337 houses at the rate of 1350watt per house and by request human consumption for 440914 persons at the rate of 450 liter per person per day. Also there is a feasibility to establish micro hydropower generation contains number of turbines designed to generate power variety from 2.5 to 25 kw.
Effect of Intermediate Sheet Piles in Non-Homogenous Soil on Seepage Properties Under Hydraulic Structure Using SEEP/W Program
Authors: Jamel Asmaa Abdul Jabbar
Published: March 2022

The seepage through a permeable soil under hydraulic structure exerts uplift pressure and may carry soil particles there by leads to piping. This paper concerns to study the effect of using intermediate sheet pile under the apron of hydraulic structure besides the upstream and downstream piles rest on non-homogeneous soil layer. This configuration aim to show how it affect the uplift pressure, exit gradient and seepage discharge at toe of hydraulic structure by using computer program SEEP/W Package.From the software test carried out two cases, first case using two sheet pile one at the upstream and the other at the downstream, then compare its results with the second case when the sheet pile at upstream, downstream and intermediate pile introduced Also for each run the quantity of uplift pressure, exit gradient and discharge at toe of hydraulic structure were determined to develop an empirical equations. Also, the results have been verify with artificial neural network (ANN), this verification shown good agreement between them.
Social and technological aspects of the European utopia of Modern times
Authors: Khasieva Mariya Alanovna
Published: March 2022

The subject of the study is the social and technological aspects of the European utopia of Modern times. The European utopia was influenced by the most iconic images and plots of the ancient and Renaissance utopia. It embodied and reinterpreted the images and plot elements of the famous "State" of Plato, the utopias of T. More and T. Campanella, the model of the ideal Christian state presented in the treatise "Description of the Christianopolitan Republic" by I.V. Andre (1586-1654). The article gives a general description of the New European Utopianism based on the concepts of F. Bacon, S. de Bergerac, S. Fourier. If in the Middle Ages social inequality and injustice were considered an expression of the natural order of things or a consequence of the imperfection of human nature, then in later periods of history people begin to try to improve the life of society through changes in the political, economic and social structure. The scientific novelty of the research topic is due to the correlation of European Utopianism with the most pronounced socio-cultural characteristics of the era. In the Renaissance, the social utopia was considered by the authors in an inextricable relationship with the architectural and urban aspects of the formation of the human habitat. In the Modern era, social utopianism correlates with technological utopianism. The conclusions of the article include the characteristics of the utopia of the XVIII century, when the utopians' attention is most focused on the legislative and political organization of society, as well as the XIX century, when the optimal economic structure is considered the key to social well-being.
Fractional CO2 laser with topical 1% terbinafine cream versus oral itraconazole in the management of onychomycosis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ranjan Eeshaan , Arora Sandeep , Sharma Neha
Published: March 2022

Background

Onychomycosis accounts for 20-40% of all nail disorders. It is difficult to cure with resistance to anti-fungal drugs, their side effects and drug interactions limiting treatment options. Itraconazole is a widely accepted oral medication used for onychomycosis while fractional CO2 laser along with a topical anti-fungal has shown promising results for nail plate clearance in onychomycosis.

Aim

To compare the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser with 1% terbinafine cream versus itraconazole in the management of onychomycosis.

Methods

A prospective, randomised, single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group interventional study was conducted at Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore. Onychomycosis cases confirmed by KOH mount/culture-positive were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received 4 sessions of fractional CO2 laser every fourth week with twice-daily application of 1% terbinafine cream; Group B received one-week pulse therapy with capsule itraconazole once every four-week for three pulses. The response was assessed by Onychomycosis Severity Index, a validated onychomycosis assessment scale, at baseline and at six months.

Results

Group A had 50 patients with a total of 98 nails. Clinical improvement was seen in 83/98 (84.7%) nails. The average reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index was 8.65 (P < 0.05). Group B had 50 patients with a total of 136 nails. Clinical improvement was seen in 104/136 (76.5%) nails. The average reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index was 7.37 (P < 0.05). Both groups showed statistically significant improvement measured by ‘Reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index’ at six months; however, there was no significant difference between the two arms.

Limitations

The main limitations of the study are the small sample size and lack of long-term follow-up to assess recurrence of infection.

Conclusion

Fractional CO2 laser with 1% terbinafine cream is an effective and safe method for inducing nail clearance in onychomycosis and has efficacy similar to itraconazole pulse therapy.
Surgical resection of giant extrasellar thyrotropinoma: Use of orbitozygomatic and endoscopic endonasal approach
Authors: Gimenez Patricio , Asad Mahmoud , Bradley Karin , Thorogood Natasha , Bennett Warren , Abhinav Kumar
Published: March 2022

Background:

Thyrotropinomas (TSHoma) are rare pituitary adenomas.

Case Description:

A 34-year-old female presented with mild bitemporal field defect in third trimester with intact pituitary function. MRI demonstrated an enhancing lesion from the posterior planum to suprasellar, interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns with chiasmal compression and right fetal posterior communicating artery encasement. With no sellar expansion, the differentials included meningioma or craniopharyngioma. She underwent a postpartum expanded endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transchiasmatic sulcus approach [Video 1]. The lesion was debulked in the chiasmatic cistern to decompress the chiasm with preservation of superior hypophyseal perforators. Pituitary transposition and midclival approach to access the retrosellar component was not undertaken pending formal histology as the lesion encased the perforators and was atypical for the outlined differentials. In addition, the diaphragm was intact. Postoperatively, visual field normalized and the patient developed mild diabetes insipidus. Following the diagnosis of TSHoma (with an abnormal thyroid function test [TFT]) and due to patient preference and slightly increased risk of CSF leak with revisional endoscopic procedure, she underwent an orbitozygomatic craniotomy (pretemporal and transsylvian approach) without tentorial division to resect the disease in the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns [Video 1]. The anatomical triangles and tumor characteristics facilitated this. A residual cuff was left along the base of the stalk and the floor of the third ventricle to preserve the superior hypophyseal and thalamoperforators. Postoperatively, the patient had normal TFT without any neurological deficit.

Conclusion:

Operative treatment strategy is presented for a rare large challenging multicompartmental extrasellar TSHoma using endoscopic endonasal and open skull base approaches.