bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of NIHSS and mRS on Predictive Models of 30-Day Non-elective Readmission and Mortality after Ischemic Stroke: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nguyen-Huynh Mai Nhu , Alexander Janet , Zhu Zheng , Meighan Melissa , Escobar Gabriel
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Stroke patients have high rates of all-cause rehospitalization and case fatality. Limited information is available on how to predict these outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

We assessed whether adding initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at discharge improved predictive models of 30-day non-elective rehospitalization and/or mortality post-stroke.

METHODS

Using a cohort of ischemic stroke patients in a large multi-ethnic integrated healthcare system from 6/15/2018 to 4/29/2020, we tested 2 predictive models for a composite outcome (30-day non-elective hospitalization/death). The models were based on administrative data (Length of stay, Acuity, Charlson, Emergency department use score; LACE) as well as a comprehensive model (Transition Support Level, TSL). The models, initial NIHSS score and mRS scores at discharge, were tested independently and in combination with age and sex. We assessed model performance using the area under the receiver operator characteristic (c-statistic), Nagelkerke pseudo-R2, and Brier score.

RESULTS

The study cohort included 4,843 patients with 5,014 stroke hospitalizations. Average age was 71.9±14 years, 50.6% female, and 52.1% White. Median initial NIHSS score was 4. There were 538 (10.7%) non-elective readmissions and 150 (3.9%) deaths within 30 days. The logistic models revealed that the best performing models were TSL (c-statistic=0.685) and TSL plus mRS score at discharge (c-statistic=0.694).

CONCLUSIONS

We found that neither the initial NIHSS score nor mRS score at discharge significantly enhanced the predictive ability of the LACE or TSL models. Future efforts at prediction of short-term stroke outcomes will need to incorporate new data elements.
Morphology and molecular characterization of Vanda tricolor × Vanda limbata orchid hybrid based on VOH1 gene characters
Authors: Alydarafa Hafshah , Melati Chrisnanda Ayu , Semiarti Endang
Published: December 2024

Vanda is a monopodial epiphyte orchid that spreads throughout Asia and Southeast Asia reaching 70 species. Indonesia itself has its own endemic Vanda orchid such as Vanda tricolor and Vanda limbata. A hybrid of V. tricolor and V. limbata is predicted to form a new specific character in the flower and leaf. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological and molecular differences between V. tricolor, V. limbata, and Vanda hybrids resulting from crosses between that two orchids, by analysing the morphological characteristics of the roots, leaves, flowers and the structure of the Vanda Orchid Homeobox1 (VOH1) shoot‐forming gene isolated from V. tricolor, V. limbata, and their hybrids. The morphological analysis was conducted using RHS colour chart, size measurement of plants, and the transversal preparation of the leaf. Molecular analysis was performed by PCR using Dendrobium Orchid Homeobox 1 (DOH1) primers, followed by sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Morphologically, the flower’s colour of the hybrid is most similar to V. limbata but the flower’s patterns are more similar to V. tricolor meanwhile the leaf colour of the hybrid is brighter than the both parents. The slides illustrate the sclerenchyma tissue is made up of strongly thickened walls containing lignin indicates the presence of homeobox DOH1 gene homolog, namely VOH1. The molecular result displayed by the phylogenetic tree of the VOH1 indicates that the hybrid has more similarities with V. limbata.
Omics strategies for crop improvement in response to climate change‐imposed abiotic stress
Authors: Shourie Abhilasha , Madaan Nishtha , Saini Paridhi
Published: December 2024

Given the current status of climate change and its impact on global food security, it is imperative to improve the abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants to enhance productivity. Traditional plant breeding methods have been widely employed to develop climate‐resilient crops; however, their success has been limited due to the lack of understanding of the complex relationships between genes and stress‐related phenotypes. The advent of modern genomics has enabled the expression analysis of stress genes in plants, as genome‐wide information is readily accessible and can be utilized to assign and validate the gene functions. This article highlights the potential applications and limitations of present‐day genomic technologies based on genome mapping, gain or loss‐of‐function analysis for identification of the role of a particular gene in abiotic stress response in plants. Such technologies are highly efficient in candidate gene identification; gene‐trait relationships establishment; functional elucidation of genes; and stress genes modification in crop plants. Modern high throughput genomic technologies offer wide scope for deciphering the complexities of genetic regulation of stress in plants; modulating stress responses; and developing stress tolerance in crop plants against drought, temperature, salinity, osmotic imbalance, herbicides and heavy metal toxicity.
A robust in planta Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation in red chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Hamdani Anti Damayanti , Nugroho Syarul , Esyanti Rizkita Rachmi , Faizal Ahmad , Suhandono Sony
Published: December 2024

Plant improvement through in vitro culture and genetic engineering is a significant aspect of breeding programs aimed at producing disease‐resistant cultivars of disease‐prone red chili (Capsicum annuum L.). However, the Capsicum genus is recalcitrant to genetic transformation and in vitro regeneration. Moreover, developing a universal transformation protocol is difficult due to its highly genotype‐dependent nature. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an Agrobacterium‐mediated in planta transformation method applicable to various red chili cultivars. Two open‐pollinated varieties, Tanjung 2 and Ciko, were subjected to transformation. The young seedlings were immersed in transformation medium containing Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA1301, which carries the β‐glucuronidase (GUS) gene. GUS histochemical analysis revealed that all the primary transformants of Tanjung 2 and Ciko were identified as chimeric. The average staining in the body of the seedlings was 88.63 + 26.33% in Tanjung 2, and 90.65 + 16.77% in the Ciko variety. More than 50% of the seedlings continued to express GUS in their shoot areas 10 days after Agrobacterium infection, indicating the possibility of transgene inheritance in the following generation. The in planta transformation approach is notably genotype independent, making it a promising standard transformation protocol for different red chili varieties.
The Destructive Impact of Racism on African Americans in Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Mustafa Mohammed Rashid , Benny Dr. Solomon
Published: December 2024

Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man offers a deep and insightful look at the unfairness and racial injustices that African Americans suffered in the middle of the twentieth century. It has the power to make the reader uncomfortable. It serves up a potent and inescapable critique of the systemic racism that saturates our society. It painfully illustrates the many and varied ways that this racism impinges on the lives of individuals in both psychological and social spheres. The destructive influence of racism on African Americans is the focus of this paper. Ellison's work serves as the basis for understanding and exploring this influence. The journey of the work's protagonist allows for a close look at the nearly overwhelming oppression of African Americans throughout our nation's history. Indeed, the forces of racism—the nearly unassailable barriers to African American identity, agency, and community—form the heart of the novel's narrative and the center of its pervasive theme. The next sections of this paper will discuss African Americans' invisibility as a metaphor for their marginalization. It will illustrate through Ellison's narrative how increasingly important it is for society to understand and recognize the characters' humanity, especially given how racially divided our society has become.
Gandhian Thought in Rajarao’s Kanthapura
Authors: Benny Dr. N. Solomon
Published: December 2024

Rajarao was one of the most significant Indian novelists in English during the middle decades of the 20th century. His novel ‘Kanthapura’ explores the facts of the freedom struggle in India. The novel basically deals with how Gandhi Gad influenced the minds of the Indians. This article also explores how the people of Kanthapura were influenced by Gandhi's thought.
Raquitismo hereditario en lactante indígena, más que una etiología carencial
Authors: Zapata Chica Carlos Andrés , Cardona Soto Marisol , Baquero Marín Pedro José
Published: December 2024

Introducción: el raquitismo comprende un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades adquiridas y hereditarias, donde la causa más frecuente es de origen carencial, pero también puede ser genética.
Objetivo: el propósito de este artículo es presentar un caso de raquitismo de origen genético en un paciente indígena.
Presentación del caso: paciente indígena con raquitismo, con etiología carencial descartada, en quien se confirmó con prueba molecular el diagnóstico de raquitismo dependiente de vitamina D, tipo 1A (VDDR-1A).
Discusión y conclusión: el diagnóstico de raquitismo requiere conocer los posibles perfiles bioquímicos como herramienta clave, y así sospechar oportunamente variantes menos frecuentes como las hereditarias, aún en población de alto riesgo de origen carencial, como lo fue en el caso reportado.
The effect of perceived spouse support on postpartum depression and maternal attachment in women
Authors: Tektaş Pınar , Çelik Büşra
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The postpartum period is a stressful time for women. The woman expects support from her husband during this stressful period. The support received from the spouse is important for the physical and mental health of the woman and the baby. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of perceived spouse support on postpartum depression and maternal attachment in women.
Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational study. It was conducted with 205 women who met the study criteria and attended the newborn outpatient clinic of a university hospital between July and September 2023. A Personal Information Form, the Spouse Support Scale, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the Maternal Attachment Inventory were used to collect data. Pearson correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results: It was determined that the women's spouse support scale mean score was 70.45±9.85, their postpartum depression mean score was 9.58±5.23, and their maternal attachment mean score was 101.84±2.99. There was a negative relationship between perceived spouse support and depression level and a positive relationship between perceived spouse support and maternal attachment.
Conclusion: Women’s perceived spouse support is high. There is a negative relationship between spouse support and depression, and a positive relationship between spouse support and maternal attachment.
The Home and the World: Analysing Socio-Spatial Dynamics and Identity-Formation in Indian Picturebooks
Authors:   Delhi University, India, Bhardwaj Aditi , Ray Devjani ,   Delhi University, India
Published: December 2024

Place identity constitutes a crucial component of children’s sense of self as they learn to locate themselves and others around them in relational social networks. Picturebooks – owing to their multimodality – can be employed to decode the meanings that the spaces inhabited by children are imbued with, and how they, in turn, shape children’s spatial experiences of the world. An exploration of the intersection of identity with the sense of place in children’s literature begets various questions – of access and attachment, belonging or a lack thereof, curtailment within and transgression of spatial boundaries, and the ways in which these negotiations shape children’s sense of self-identity. This paper locates fourteen contemporary Indian picturebooks within two arenas of conceptual enquiry – space and self-identity within childhood, and the multicultural experientiality of childhood as encompassing differences and structural inequalities – and studies the links between marginalisation and space in children’s literature. As the systematic disparities of caste, class, gender and indigeneity add a note of dissonance into a universal notion of childhood, children’s experiences of their physical surroundings become diverse and political. By coalescing Developmental and Environmental Psychology with content analysis, the paper addresses the spatial manifestations of marginalities within childhood and makes a case for identity-affirming, democratic and diverse socio-spatial representations of childhoods in multicultural children’s literature.
Effect of Interest in Utilisation of Information Technology on Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Gumelar
Authors: Hanifah Dwiana Nur Rizki , Mukhibun Akhmad , Ajengpitaloka Ashanti Dayani , Sumarwati Sumarwati
Published: December 2024

As time progresses, technology has become something that is no longer foreign to the world of education. Most students and teachers have utilized technology for education. This research aims to examine differences in students' interest in using technology, both students with high and low interest in using technology, on the Indonesian language learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Gumelar. especially in its use with students. The role of technology in the world. This research uses ex-post facto quantitative methods. The sampling technique in this research uses cluster random sampling and simple random sampling using lottery. Data collection techniques use document analysis of learning outcomes and technology use questionnaires. Based on the results of hypothesis testing using the t-test, students with a high interest in using technology have different Indonesian language learning outcomes from students who have a low interest in using technology. Based on the results of the average comparison, students with high interest in using technology have better Indonesian language learning outcomes than students with low interest in using technology. The results of the size effect test show that the influence of interest in using technology on students' Indonesian language learning outcomes is categorized as small. This is influenced by other variables not examined in this research.
Development of the Indonesian Language in Egypt and Its Impact on Bilateral Relations between Indonesia and Egypt
Authors: Masukiplee Kuru  , Winda Dewi Pusvita
Published: December 2024

The interest in learning the Indonesian language is inseparable from the historical, cultural, and educational relations between Indonesia and Egypt. Increased cooperation in the field of education and diplomacy between the two countries has also encouraged the spread of the Indonesian language in Egypt. This article explores the development of the Indonesian language in Egypt in 2024, including the factors influencing its spread, the challenges faced, and the impact of learning Indonesian among the Egyptian people. The Indonesian language has experienced a significant increase in interest and use among the Egyptian people, both in the fields of education and culture. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview, observation, and literature analysis methods from various relevant international journals to collect data. The results of the study show that factors such as cultural diplomacy, educational cooperation, and the role of the Indonesian diaspora in Egypt are the main drivers in the development of the Indonesian language in the country. In addition, the results of the study show that Indonesian is increasingly in demand in Egypt, especially among academics and students who are interested in studying Indonesia and bilateral relations between the two countries.
Health self-evaluation: are there differences in rural and urban territories in Latvia
Authors:   University of Latvia, Latvia, Sloka Biruta , Tora Ginta ,   University of Latvia, Latvia, Seimuškāne Lilita ,   University of Latvia, Latvia, Angena Anna ,   University of Latvia, Latvia
Published: December 2024

Recent developments in politics and economy has created additional challenges for medical institutions with lack of medical personnel, transportation from rural areas to medical institutions. Very often, there is a difference between medical services in urban and rural areas. In research is often mentioned that male and female persons have different evaluations on their health situation. The aim of the paper is to prepare research based recommendations for possible steps for public administrators to support availability of medical services in urban and rural areas. Tasks of the current research: analysis of theoretical findings reflected in scientific publications and discussion of research results, analysis of tendencies of self-perceived health status of population in Latvia, analysis on possible differences between gender as in scientific publications is often mentioned that female and male persons have different evaluations, analysis of health self-evaluations between inhabitants in rural and urban territories and possible differences in evaluations for persons with different employment status. Representative data from EU-SILC, different statistical analysis methods and statistical indicators are used: indicators of descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, testing of statistical hypotheses with t-test and analysis of variance – ANOVA, chi-square test, as well as correlation analysis. Research results confirm that self-perceived health status in Latvia are higher in rural areas and higher health self-esteem evaluations were made by female persons.
Koenen Tumors Predisposing to Recurrent Onychomycosis: An Interesting Case
Authors: N* Dhattarwal , S Bansal
Published: December 2024

Koenen tumors are uncommon nail tumors seen characteristically in patients of tuberous sclerosis. They cause longitudinal
nail grooves, onycholysis, nail deformity or nail dystrophy which may predispose the affected nails to secondary infections.
We report a case of a 35-year-old male with multiple koenen tumours having recurrent onychomycosis. A 35-year-old male
presented with whitish discoloration and loss of distal part of nails from 2-3 years and scaling on right hand and feet from 1
year. On examination, there was scaling over dorsal aspect of right hand and both feet. There was subungual hyperkeratosis,
distal onycholysis and distal nail dystrophy and nail plate splitting in multiple nails. Digitate growths arising from proximal
nail fold (Koenen tumours) were also noted. KOH examination from skin and nails demonstrated fungal hyphae. Patient
recounts taking multiple courses of topical and oral antifungals giving temporary relief but recurrence of lesions occurs after
stopping treatment. It is possible that Koenen tumours themselves or the nail changes caused by them like nail plate thinning,
depression or dystrophy act as portal of entry for fungus and thus, predispose to recalcitrant, chronic or recurrent fungal nail
infections. Similar cases of onychomycosis coexisting with other nail tumors have also been reported. There is a need of more
studies on association of nail tumors with onychomycosis as a risk factor and management in these cases.
The Role of Bacterial Pathogens in Autoimmune Diseases: Breaking Self-Tolerance
Authors: CE* Joseph , AA Zakarriyah , BB Maidambe , GE Ojonuba , SO Ibrahim , SA Akuson , AD Musa
Published: December 2024

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) arise when the immune system erroneously attacks self-tissues, often due to a breakdown in selftolerance. These conditions, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, are increasingly linked to bacterial infections
as significant triggers. A healthy immune system protects the body against infections. However, when the immune system
malfunctions, it attacks healthy cells, tissues, and organs of the body. This malfunction or dysfunction is called autoimmune
disease and can affect any part of the body, impairing psychological function and potentially becoming fatal. This review
explores how bacterial pathogens such as Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis contribute
to autoimmunity through mechanisms like molecular mimicry, bystander activation, and epitope spreading. These processes
provoke cross-reactive immune responses, amplify immune dysregulation, and exacerbate tissue damage. Epidemiological
and experimental studies reveal strong associations between bacterial infections and diseases like Guillain-Barré syndrome,
rheumatoid arthritis, and sarcoidosis. By analyzing the interactions between these pathogens and immune mechanisms, the
review highlights the pivotal role of bacteria in disrupting immune tolerance and driving autoimmune disease progression.
Moreover, therapeutic strategies such as antibiotics, immunomodulators, and vaccines targeting bacterial-induced
autoimmunity offer promising avenues for prevention and treatment. Understanding the mechanisms of bacterial action
provides valuable insights into the development of effective diagnostics, preventive measures, and therapies. This review
emphasizes the need for continued research on bacterial pathogenesis in autoimmunity, particularly among genetically
susceptible populations, to refine targeted clinical approaches and improve outcomes in these complex diseases.
Exploring Gender Representation in Class 12 English Textbook used in Schools
Authors: Luther DBP Simatupang  , Rusdi Noor Rosa  , Eddi Setia  , Rahmadsyah Rangkuti
Published: December 2024

Balanced representation of gender characters in English textbooks, especially in Senior High School, has become a hot topic nowadays, because textbooks not only teach about science but also instill socio-cultural ideologies, norms, and values into students. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the ratio of how men and women are represented in various contexts in textbooks for grade 12 of Senior High School. This study uses qualitative descriptive for critical analysis of images as a method to see the appearance of men and women in English textbooks using Critical Analysis with Visual Grammar Theory. The findings indicate that 1) in the frequency of appearance of men and women, it shows that, overall, female characters are more common than male characters, female characters are more than male with a proportion of 57.3% (70) compared to 42.7% (52 images). 2) In the socio-cultural context, the frequency of appearance of men and women is somewhat different, the frequency of appearance of female characters is more than men in the context of education, family and leisure, male characters are more than women only in the context of work. 3) Gender stereotypes are still found in this textbook, although there are more female characters than men, women are still associated with their gender stereotypes. Therefore, the textbook entitled English describes female characters more than women in terms of the ratio of their appearance and also in the ratio of the four socio-cultural contexts, but female stereotypes still appear in this textbook.
“I’m Anxious when…”: Delving into Students’ Anxiety in EFL Online Instructions across School Levels
Authors: Santosa Made Hery , Mali Yustinus Calvin Gai
Published: December 2024

English instruction has been claimed to be challenging for some non-native students and with the addition of online environment, unpreprared students may experience anxiety, fear, or stress. This article aimed to analyse students’ anxiety across various school levels and explore their views from the anxiety components in EFL online instruction in Indonesia. Framed within a mixed methods research design, this study employed a large-scale survey of 928 students and an interview with 10 voluntary respondents. Data were collected using means of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety (FLCAS) questionnaire and an interview guide. Using the validity check, 30 survey items were valid with a good fit (α=.89). Data from the questionnaire responses were analysed using SPSS to find frequencies of the respondents’ anxiety scores and categorized using Oetting’s Scale and the data from the interview transcripts were analysed using Interactive Model Analysis. The result showed students in various school levels were mildly anxious during the EFL online instruction. This means that students might be potentially anxious due to dynamic online learning situations when they attend their EFL instructions. Meanwhile, the interview revealed that they were anxious when having an English test and experiencing connection problems during online learning. They overcame them by learning the materials more and communicating their connectivity situations with the teachers. Teachers and policy makers should consider providing learning supports to deal with students’ anxiety in the virtual learning context.
Trade-offs between carbon conservation and profitability in crop cultivation: unlocking potential through diversifying crop allocations regionally
Authors: Kiiski Eveliina , Hyytiäinen Kari
Published: December 2024

Adjusting crop rotation is a key agricultural strategy to boost variable profit, enhance soil fertility, adapt to climate change, and mitigate farming risks. The aim of this paper is to assess the opportunities for simultaneously enhancing carbon balance and variable profit of crop cultivation through altering the allocation of crop use in a regional scale. Using a numerical optimization model for mineral soils in southern Finland, results show that careful diversifying of crop cultivation can enhance both carbon balance and profit compared to the current allocation. Including the lifecycle carbon footprint of nitrogen fertilizers further increases potential gains. Variable profit can rise by 75–207 € ha-1 year-1, while carbon balance improves by 70–336 kg C ha-1 year-1, depending on the weighting of economic and climate outcomes. Changes can be made without significantly increasing fixed costs of cultivation. Optimal strategies include reducing spring crops and fodder grass while increasing nitrogen-fixing grasses and high-profit crops like clover grass, green manure, potato, and sugar beet. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the importance of higher yields for enhanced outcomes, emphasizing the need to enhance forage grass, clover grass, and green manure yields for carbon balance and forage grass, potato, sugar beet, and spring crop yields for increased variable profit. Investments in infrastructure, marketing, and innovative food products are essential to promote local crop diversity and incentivize farmers to utilize and test new crops on a farm.
Digitalisaation tavoitteiden toteutuminen vammaistyössä: Analyysi työympäristön ja ammattilaisten koulutustaustan merkityksestä
Authors: Virtanen Lotta , Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Kainiemi Emma , Saukkonen Petra , Valtokari Maria , Väre Anna , Nurmi-Koikkalainen Päivi , Heponiemi Tarja
Published: December 2024

Digitalisaatiolla voi olla merkittäviä vaikutuksia vammaisten henkilöiden palveluihin, joissa on havaittu tarpeenmukaisuuden ja oikea-aikaisuuden puutteita. Tilannekuvan kartoittamiseksi tämä tutkimus selvitti digitalisaation tavoitteiden toteutumista vammaistyössä ammattilaisten kokemana. Lisäksi tutkittiin digitalisaatiota ohjaavien työympäristötekijöiden ja ammattilaisten koulutustaustan yhteyksiä tavoitteiden toteutumiseen, jotta tunnistetaan mahdollisuudet digitalisaation edistämiseen vammaisalalla. Aineisto kerättiin kyselyllä vammaistyön ammattilaisilta (N=697) keväällä 2022 ja analysointi suoritettiin käyttäen monimuuttujaista multinomiaalista logistista regressiota. Enemmistö ei kokenut digitalisaation tavoitteiden toteutuneen tiedonsaannin, työn oikea-aikaisuuden, palveluprosessien etenemisen ja asiakkaan toimijuuden osalta. Korkea koulutus oli yhteydessä näkemykseen siitä, että tavoite asiakkaan aikaisempaa aktiivisemmasta toimijuudesta on toteutunut, mikä voi kertoa tarpeesta laajentaa digipalveluiden asiakasohjauksen opetusta alan keskiasteen koulutuksessa. Näkemystä työn oikea-aikaisuuteen liittyvän tavoitteen toteutumisesta näytti selittävän riittävä resursointi digitaalisen työn perehdytykseen ja digitaalisiin työvälineisiin työpaikalla, hyvät käytännöt lähijohtajuudessa sekä työyhteisön myönteinen suhtautuminen digipalveluihin. Digitalisaation kehitykselle suotuisaa organisaatiokulttuuria on tärkeä edistää, jotta voidaan turvata yhdenvertaiset vammaispalvelut ja varautua vammaistyössä kasvavaan digitaalisten teknologioiden käyttöönottoon.
School nurses’ evaluations of their competence in counseling adolescents on physical activity and the use of digital technology: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pöyskö Elina , Hylkilä Krista , Männikkö Niko , Männistö Merja , Kääriäinen Maria
Published: December 2024

Most adolescents are insufficiently physically active and technology use has become a crucial part of people's lives. School nurses have a key role in health promotion. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between school nurses’ lifestyle counseling competence (specifically, their competence in counseling students on physical activity and technology use) and various potentially related factors (including the background of the nurses, the time spent on counseling during a working day, and the nurse’s education on physical activity and technology use). To our best knowledge, there is no up-to-date information about school nurses’ counseling concerning physical activity and technology use. A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were gathered by surveying nurses working in school or student healthcare (n = 116) in Finland during the autumn of 2017. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, and logistic regression analysis. The survey included one open-ended question which was analyzed by performing inductive content analysis. Over half (58.6%) of respondents assessed that the competence in physical activity and technology use counseling is overall good. 85.3% of the respondents evaluated their physical activity counseling skills and 62.9% technology use counseling skills to be good. Only 33% of the nurses knew how to identify adolescents needing counseling concerning technology use. Education on physical activity and recreational technology use was more relevant than age in explaining nurses' counseling knowledge and skills. School nurses reported that there is a need to develop skills and tools for counseling adolescents about the recreational use of technology. The results highlighted three factors which limited the development of couseling; a lack of resources; a need for more education; and a lack of clear, consistent policies and tools for adolescents’ lifestyle counseling. There is also a need for more multi-professional cooperation and time for counseling. The results presented herein could be used in designing targeted interventions and education in school and student healthcare and with it to improve the lifestyle counseling offered by school nurses.
Finnish national patient data repository as data source for FINRISK risk calculator
Authors: Männikkö Viljami , Kujanen Henna , Munukka Joona , Förger Klaus
Published: December 2024

The FINRISK risk calculator is a tool for the evaluation of the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It is based on a Finnish population survey and is frequently used in Finnish healthcare. Currently, risks are calculated manually by inputting the required values. An alternative source of input values could be the Finnish Kanta Patient Data Repository (PDR). Risk calculation based on the Kanta PDR could enable monitoring of predicted CVD risks at the level of the Finnish population and targeting of preventive healthcare to high-risk individuals.The goal of this study is to assess if the FINRISK risk calculator can be made to work effectively using only structured data available in the Kanta PDR. We approach the issue from two perspectives. The first is the availability of individual inputs, and the second is the ability to categorize people to risk categories used in healthcare.The study was based on patient histories of roughly 60 000 persons who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the FINRISK risk calculator. The data had been recorded into the Kanta PDR between January 2014 and June 2022. To enable risk calculation even when individual input values are missing, we calculated a minimum and maximum risk for each person based on data that was available at a prediction time point. Risks were predicted at seven different time points between the years 2016 and 2022 to analyse the development of categorization performance over the years.The highest categorization performance was achieved for the year 2022, where we were able to identify the FINRISK risk category of 1.69% of persons. With additional categories for low or moderate and moderate or high risk, 4.15% of persons could be categorized. The risk level of the remaining 95.85% of individuals could not be specified. The reason behind the poor performance was the inadequacy of input values. Namely, family history of CVDs was not available in structured format and smoking information was rarely found. Information about blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and diabetes were more frequent.We conclude that population level risk assessment is not viable based on only the structured data in the Kanta PDR. Extracting inputs like smoking status from text data could improve the situation. As the FINRISK risk calculator is often used by inputting structured data into an electronic form, the lack of same inputs in the Kanta PDR highlights incomplete flow of data in the Finnish health data infrastructure.
How to measure the leg volume with a 3D Scanner in a vascular environment. Our experience with Peel3D Handyscan(R)
Authors: Uhl Jean François , Benigni Jean-Patrick , Carpentier Patrick H , Filori Pascal
Published: December 2024

Background: Volume quantification with existing limb volumetry methods is difficult, either tedious or inaccurate and difficult to repeat. Our aim is to describe and validate a new technique for limb volumetry using the new technology of 3D surface scanning.
Design and methods: A new 3D surface scanning device (3D Handyscan from Creaform) was used to quickly and accurately measure limb volumes. Targets were placed on the limbs to facilitate scanning and to provide reproducible slice planes for reliable volumetry.
This paper details the methodology used: device setup, target positioning, scanning technique, slice plane selection and volume calculation.
Results: The accuracy of the measurements is 0.4% of limb volume.
The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility is 0.5%
Conclusion: This new technique of limb volumetry is faster and more accurate than the other techniques and easily repeatable to assess the evolution and treatment of edema and lymphedema.
Transformative process: Crafting imines from nitrobenzene and benzyl alcohol coupling with cerium oxide modified mesoporous SBA-15
Authors: Chandralayam Soumini , Sankaran Sugunan
Published: December 2024

A low-cost and eco-friendly cerium oxide modified mesoporous SBA-15 catalyst was developed by wet impregnation. It enables sequential oxidation of benzyl alcohol and reduction of nitrobenzene, followed by imine formation in a single and solvent-free system. Characterization confirms homogeneous cerium oxide dispersion, high stability, and enhanced redox properties. The optimized catalyst demonstrates excellent conversion and selectivity, attributed to the mesoporous SBA support, acidic properties, and cerium's redox functionality. Elevated temperatures enhance benzyl alcohol dehydration and hydrogen diffusion, facilitating intermediate aniline formation by a borrowing-hydrogen mechanism and followed by imine synthesis. It eliminates solvents, reduces byproducts, and achieves high atom economy and renewability. It presents a significant advance in sustainable catalysis. The catalyst's robustness and ease of recovery strengthen its practicality for repeated cycles. The findings provide a scalable and energy-efficient solution for greener imine synthesis with potential applications in industrial processes requiring efficient and eco-friendly chemical production. It ensures minimal environmental impact and offers a cost-effective pathway for high-value chemical synthesis. This study supports the SDGs by promoting sustainable industrial practices through the development of a low-cost and eco-friendly catalyst that reduces environmental impact, enhances energy efficiency, and contributes to greener chemical production.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS PLR AND NLR IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF BENIGN AND NEOPLASTIC CYSTS OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: Shaprynskyi V. , Kaminskyi O. , Mironishen Yu. , Chernychenko O. , Verba М.
Published: December 2024

Cystic lesions of the pancreas are detected more and more often in clinical practice due to new diagnostic possibilities. In the structure of the disease, all pancreatic cysts are divided into benign and neoplastic cysts, which can progress to invasive carcinoma. Unfortunately, modern imaging methods do not allow to fully distinguish between benign and neoplastic cysts. The only correct step in such cases is an advanced diagnosis using instrumental methods and hematological parameters such as platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).
The aim of the study: to determine the sensitivity and specificity of peripheral blood indicators for the differential
diagnosis of benign and neoplastic cysts of the pancreas.
Material and methods. The study included 49 patients hospitalized between 2018 and 2024 with a diagnosis of «Pancreatic cyst». According to the anamnesis, all patients were divided into two groups. The first group included patients with a history of pancreatitis (n=35). The second group included patients with cysts without a history of pancreatitis (n=14).
Research results. In benign cysts of the pancreas, an increase in PLR (230.84±24.13; p<0.05) and NLR (5.12±2.89; p<0.05) indices is determined. In neoplastic cysts of the pancreas, there is a decrease in the PLR index (106.81±14.3; p<0.05) and a normal value of the NLR index (2.86±0.7; p<0.05).
Conclusions. The proposed hematological parameters are easy to use and have high efficiency in the differential diagnosis of benign and neoplastic pancreatic cysts at the stage of preoperative preparation: the overall sensitivity of the diagnostic test was 71 % (95 % CI, 69-72 %), and the specificity was 65 % (95 % СI, 64-66 %).
MILESTONES IN THE FORMATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TRAUMATOLOGY, ORTHOPAEDICS AND NEUROSURGERY
Authors: Kovalchuk Р. , Vasyuk V. , Tulyuluk S.
Published: December 2024

The creation in the following years of the departments of traumatology and orthopedics in Ukraine was an important step forward in the further development of traumatology and orthopedics as a science and subject of teaching. The departments of traumatology and orthopedics dealt with the issues of prevention, diagnostics and treatment of injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the organization of traumatological medical care. The Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery of the BSMU has gone through a diffi  historical path of development. Today, the areas of activity of the department are educational, educational-methodical, medical and scientifi work, advanced training of orthopedic traumatologists. The department continues the best traditions of the past and at a high level trains medical personnel who successfully implement in practical activities the acquired knowledge in orthopedics, traumatology and neurosurgery. Over the years of its activity, the department has made a signifi     contribution to the treasury of Ukrainian medical science, therefore it becomes necessary to highlight the historical stages of development and the characteristic features of its activities over all the years of its existence.
HISTORY AND THE PRESENT TIME EXTERNAL PROSTHESIS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Biriuk I. , Khmara T. , Kovalchuk Р. , Komar Т. , Zamorskii I.
Published: December 2024

The history of prosthetics dates back to ancient times and is closely related to military operations. It was during armed conflicts that the frequency of injuries and loss of limbs increased, which as a result stimulated the development of restorative technologies. Over the centuries, prostheses have been improved and acquired new features and appearance, however, as in the past and now, the functional capabilities of prostheses are a reflection of the existing knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the limbs.
The first prostheses, which today are valuable exhibits in various museums of the world, only hid anatomical defects, they were made of available, but not always light materials, and were most often wooden. Over time, the improvement of fastening and the addition of metal parts allowed not only to masking of defects but also to performing of the simplest movements, such as grabbing and lifting objects.
The First, and later the Second World War significantly accelerated the development of prosthetics. Progress is associated with two important points: the discovery of antibiotics and the improvement of the amputation technique. However, the history of prosthetics until the end of the 19th century. It is characterized by the efforts of individual doctors, technicians, inventors, and the disabled themselves to some extent to fill the function of the lost limb.
In medical science, every great discovery has the foundation of numerous attempts and acquired knowledge. In 2010, a multifaceted approach made it possible to create a new type of prosthetics – bionic. Bionic devices work through electrical impulses transmitted directly from the user’s muscles, reproducing a wide variety of movements.
In connection with the war in Ukraine, the number of upper limb amputations has increased in recent years, which requires thorough knowledge of the anatomical and functional features of stumps of the upper limbs and improvement of the technological processes of manufacturing finger, forearm, and shoulder prostheses. The first bionic hand prosthesis was installed at the Nezlamni National Rehabilitation Center of the First Medical Association of Lviv. Thanks to special sensors, the bionic hand prosthesis can reproduce normal movements. Analyzing the history of the formation of upper limb prostheses, it is expected that the war in Ukraine will lead to the rapid development of prosthetics in the whole world.
The Influence of Student Teams Achievement Divisions Assurance Approach, Rellevance, Interest, Assessment, Satisfaction towards Improvement Mathematical Understanding
Authors: Aeni Nurul , Habibi Aulia Farkhan
Published: December 2024

The ability to understand mathematics is a fundamental aspect that must be possessed by students every student, because having this ability can help students to master other mathematical concepts. However, the fact is that many students have comprehension abilities low mathematics. One of the factors that causes low mathematical understanding abilities students is the application of a learning model that does not provide students with opportunities to play an active role during learning. This has an impact on students' difficulties in learning and understand mathematical material. So, a solution is needed to overcome this, one of which is is to apply the STAD type cooperative learning model with the ARIAS approach. This research aims to determine the mathematical understanding abilities of class VIII students function material by applying the STAD type cooperative learning model with approach ARIAS. The research population was all students of class VIII MTs Ma'arif NU 1 Sokaraja, with Using convenience sampling techniques, the research sample was obtained, namely class VIII A students as the experimental class and class VIII B students as the control class, totaling 53 students. Type The research used is quantitative research with experimental and design methods pre-test and post-test control group. Data collection techniques were carried out using the observation method and tests in the form of pre-test and post-test. After the data is collected, the data is analyzed using t test for two independent samples, with prerequisite tests in the form of a normality test and a homogeneity test. Based on analysis using the t test for two independent samples obtained a significance value in the post-test data of 0.000 > 0.05 which indicates there is a significant difference between the average value of the experimental class and control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the STAD type cooperative learning model The ARIAS approach has an effect on increasing mathematical understanding abilities class VIII students. Keywords: Mathematical Understanding Ability; ARIAS Models; STAD model
The Influence of High School Students' Mathematical Curiosity on Interest in STEM Learning
Authors: Maqruf Agus , Patunah Siti , Sumiati
Published: December 2024

The study had explored the influence of high school students' mathematical curiosity on their interest in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning. Using a quantitative approach, the study had involved 271 students from various high schools, who had filled out a questionnaire regarding their level of mathematical curiosity and interest in STEM learning. Regression analysis had been conducted to identify the relationship between the two variables. The study's results had revealed a significant relationship between mathematical curiosity and interest in STEM learning, with a p-value of <0.05. This finding had indicated that students' mathematical curiosity had simultaneously influenced students' interest in STEM learning with several indicators that had significantly affected interest in STEM learning, namely the desire to detail information and enthusiasm for learning. The implications of these results had highlighted the importance of designing teaching strategies that could trigger students' mathematical curiosity to increase their engagement in STEM fields.
Analysis Ability Literacy Mathematics Reviewed from Self Efficacy Junior High School Students
Authors: Nada Yusrina Qotrun , Yulianto Alfany Rahman , Iffah Rona Dhiya Layli
Published: December 2024

study in study This to explain about ability literacy mathematics participant reviewededucation from self efficacy. Research This aiming for analyze and describe ability literacy mathematicsbased on self efficacy participant educate with category high, medium, and low. Research Thisconducted at PKBM Homeschooling HSPG Purwokerto . Subject study this is participant educate 9thgrade of junior high school. Taking sample use propositional sampling with take subject in accordancewith topics developed. Data collection techniques with use questionnaire, test written, and interviews.While data analysis using analysis qualitative descriptive for describe in detail related ability analysismathematics reviewed from self efficacy. Research results mention that participant educate with selfefficacy tall own ability literacy good mathematics, thing that proven with results workmanshipsystematic questions. While the participantsstudents who have ability self efficacy currently own abilityenough math well, some indicator literacy mathematics can done with good although Still there aresome who haven't maximum. Then the participants educate with self efficacy low own ability literacyvery poor mathematics, thing that proven with less results in every indicator evaluation literacymathematics. Based on results study that self efficacy influence ability literacy mathematics participanteducate, because self efficacy play a role important in build belief participant educate in to his abilityin finish question mathematics .