bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational construction of VSe2encapsulated in selenized polyacrylonitrile toward a high-rate capacity and wide temperature tolerance for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Xu Lihong , Ye Jiefeng , Guo Wenti , Chen Tingjie , Chen Xiaochuan , Qian Qingrong , Zhang Jianmin , Wei Mingdeng , Peng Xiangfang , Zeng Lingxing
Published: July 2023

Metal selenides are considered potential anode materials for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) because of their decent theoretical capacity and abundant energy reserves.
Hg3O2(NO3)F: a mercury nitrate oxyfluoride with an unprecedented [(Hg3O2F)+]∞cationic framework and excellent optical anisotropy
Authors: Lv Yi-Lei , Huai Lei , Wei Yu-Long , Ma Liang , Wei Yue-Qi , Liu Wenlong , Tang Ru-Ling
Published: July 2023

A novel nitrate oxyfluoride, Hg3O2(NO3)F, shows an unprecedented [(Hg3O2F)+]∞cationic framework and a large birefringence (0.23@1064 nm).
Hydrogen titanate nanosheet-assembled fibers as a new matrix to promote the Co-activated PMS process for efficient polychlorinated phenol degradation
Authors: Ding Qiaoqiao , Niu Mang , Su Hong , Liu Zhanyin , Gao Jianfei , Zhao Yanhui , Liu Chunlei , Liu Yuan , Liu Chunzhao
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen titanate nanosheet assembled fibers act as a new type of supporting matrix for Co-based active sites to activate PMS in the degradation of polychlorinated phenols.
Metal–organic frameworks for the photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction to hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Ji Xue-Yang , Wang Yao-Yao , Tao Jun
Published: July 2023

We detail the production process of H2O2 involving mechanisms, detection methods, and performance evaluation, and also summarize and predict the modifying ways of MOF catalysts for the photocatalytic ORR to H2O2, incorporating the challenges faced.
Recent advances in the photocatalytic synthesis of aldehydes
Authors: Wang Yi , Liu Xiao-Fei , He Wei-Min
Published: July 2023

This review summarizes the recently developed photocatalytic strategies for the installation of the formyl group into various scaffolds.
Reply to comment on “which fraction of stone wool fibre surface remains uncoated by binder? A detailed analysis by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy” by Hirth et al., 2021, RSC Adv., 11, 39545, DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06251d”
Authors: Hirth Sabine , Wohlleben Wendel , Waindok Hubert
Published: July 2023

This is a reply to the Comment of Okhrimenko et al. in the same issue of RSC Advances. We discuss the arguments brought forward by said authors, oppose their objections and show the unchanged validity of our results.
Thermally stable and color-tunable bi-activated (Dy3+/Eu3+) alkaline earth metasilicate phosphor for luminescent devices
Authors: Deepali  , Jayasimhadri M.
Published: July 2023

Thermally stable and colour tunable photoluminescent features of bi-activated (Dy3+/Eu3+) NCMS phosphor to utilize in versatile optoelectronic devices.
Unveiling anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of novel synthesized bimetallic boron oxide–zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Hashem Amr H. , Rizk Samar H. , Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Al-Qahtani Wahidah H. , AbdElgawad Hamada , El-Sayyad Gharieb S.
Published: July 2023

In the current study, bimetallic boron oxide–zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by an eco-friendly and cost-effective method through the utilization of gum arabic and gamma irradiation for elevating the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
Methylammonium-free co-evaporated perovskite absorbers with high radiation and UV tolerance: an option for in-space manufacturing of space-PV?
Authors: Lang Felix , Chiang Yu-Hsien , Frohna Kyle , Ozen Sercan , Neitzert Heinz C. , Denker Andrea , Stolterfoht Martin , Stranks Samuel D.
Published: July 2023

In this work, we fabricate & test MA-free co-evaporated perovskite solar cells that could potentially be fabricated in space. Pseudo-JV characteristics & electroluminescence hereby help to distinguish radiation damage from parasitic effects.
Investigation of support effects during ethanol steam reforming over a Ni/sepiolite catalyst
Authors: Zhurka Marinela D. , Anderson James A. , McCue Alan J. , Lemonidou Angeliki A. , Kechagiopoulos Panagiotis N.
Published: July 2023

Bifunctional mechanism proposed for the steam reforming of ethanol over Ni supported on natural sepiolite. The availability of silanols determines the activation of reactants on sepiolite's surface and their migration to the metal–support interface.
Flexible covalent organic framework membranes with linear aliphatic amines for enhanced organic solvent nanofiltration
Authors: Mishra Biswajit , Tripathi Bijay P.
Published: July 2023

COF membranes were synthesized using aliphatic diamines with tunable pore size for precise separation, solvent permeance, and fouling resistance. These membranes showed good operational stability and potential for various filtration applications.
Accelerating anhydrous proton conduction via anion rotation and hydrogen bond recombination: a machine-learning molecular dynamics
Authors: Minami Saori , Jinnouchi Ryosuke
Published: July 2023

Proton diffusivity in anhydrous electrolytes is strongly correlated with reorientation speed of anions. Anion rotation and hydrogen bond recombination accelerate proton transport.
MicroRNA therapeutics and nucleic acid nano-delivery systems in bacterial infection: a review
Authors: Li Ze , Lei Zhixin , Cai Yilun , Cheng Dong-Bing , Sun Taolei
Published: July 2023

In a game of humans versus pathogenic microbes, will MicroRNAs be a key weapon for humans to defeat bacterial infections?
Molecular insights into the sensitivity detection mechanism of fluorescent 2D Zr-BTB for 2,4-dinitrophenol
Authors: Zhan Deyi , Yu Zhiwu , Saeed Abdul , Hu Qi , Zhao Nanjing , Xu Weihong , Wang Junfeng , Kong Lingtao , Liu Jinhuai
Published: July 2023

The structure of 2D Zr-BTB and molecular insights into the sensitivity detection mechanism of fluorescent 2D Zr-BTB for 2,4-dinitrophenol in water.
Gd–Er interaction promotes NaGdF4:Yb, Er as a new candidate for high-power density applications
Authors: Avram Daniel , Patrascu Andrei A. , Istrate Marian Cosmin , Tiseanu Carmen
Published: July 2023

Efficient Gd–Er bidirectional energy transfer in NaGdF4:Yb, Er nanoparticles makes this upconversion system relevant for high-power density applications.
Enhanced energy density and efficiency of all-organic composites by designing a multilayer gradient structure
Authors: Liu Yuan , Luo Hang , Wang Fan , Xiao Zhida , Yang Chenchen , Li Xiaona , Peng Bo , Wan Yuting , Yin Jian , Zhang Dou
Published: July 2023

Dielectric capacitors have bright application prospects in the field of pulse power devices due to their extremely high power density.
Vapor-phase synthesis of low-valent metal–organic frameworks from metal carbonyl synthons
Authors: Andersen Carl Emil , McPherson James Neill , Giménez-Marqués Mónica , Li Jingguo , Kubus Mariusz , Ito Sho , Göb Christian R. , Ott Sascha , Larsen René Wugt , Mínguez Espallargas Guillermo , Pedersen Kasper S.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the facile vapor-phase synthesis of a novel, porous zero-valent metal–organic framework from the reaction between volatile M(CO)6 (M = Mo, W) and 4,4'-bipyridine precursors.
Photoenhanced interfacial electron transfer of a dual functional hematite biophotoelectrode
Authors: Mak Chun Hong , Peng Yong , Chong Man Hin , Yu Li , Du Minshu , Ji Li , Zou Xingli , Zou Guizheng , Shen Hsin-Hui , Santoso Shella Permatasari , Niu Wenxin , Li Fang-Fang , Hsu Hsien-Yi
Published: July 2023

In a solar-assisted microbial photoelectrochemical cell (S-MPEC), we showcase enhanced photocurrents resulting from the interplay between Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and a hematite nanowire arrays photoanode, facilitating waste degradation.
Preliminary Evidence for Dementia Collaborative Coaching
Authors: Douglas Natalie F. , Browning Susan , Claypool Kathy
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

The primary purpose of this study was to obtain preliminary evidence for a communication coaching intervention, Dementia Collaborative Coaching. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the intervention according to routine care providers.

Method:

In a pre-/posttest design, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) delivered Dementia Collaborative Coaching to certified nursing assistants (CNAs) and people living with dementia (PLWD) in six different skilled nursing facilities over a period of 6 weeks. A self-perceived knowledge and efficacy measure regarding the use of external memory aids to support communication in PLWD was administered to CNA and SLP participants. The Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory was administered to PLWD participants. The Acceptability of Intervention Measure, Intervention Appropriateness Measure, and Feasibility of Intervention Measure were administered post-intervention.

Results:

For CNAs, self-perceived knowledge and efficacy increased from pre-intervention (
M
= 3.73,
SD
= 0.69) to post-intervention (
M
= 4.07,
SD
= 0.44),
t
(11) = −1.97, one-sided
p
= .037. There was a significant improvement (e.g., reduction) in scores on the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory for PLWD (
n
= 10) from pre-intervention (
M
= 73.10,
SD
= 29.98) to post-intervention (
M
= 58.6,
SD
= 18.82),
t
(9) = 2.83,
p
= .01. CNA participants (
n
= 12) rated the intervention as acceptable (
M
= 4.48,
SD
= 0.48), appropriate (
M
= 4.33,
SD
= 0.61), and feasible (
M
= 4.19,
SD
= 0.48). SLPs rated the intervention as slightly more acceptable, appropriate, and feasible than CNAs with scores of
M
= 4.54,
SD
= 0.51;
M
= 4.54,
SD
= 0.51; and
M
= 4.46,
SD
= 0.51, respectively.

Conclusions:

Dementia Collaborative Coaching showed preliminary positive outcomes for CNAs and PLWD. The intervention was acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for routine providers and warrants further study.
Dynamic on‐state resistance instability characterization of a multi‐chip‐GaN MIS‐HEMTs cascode power module
Authors: Elangovan Surya , Cheng Stone , Jang Wen‐Yea , Chang Edward Yi
Published: July 2023

The dynamic on‐state resistance instability of a high‐current cascode multi‐GaN‐chip power module under high frequency and voltage switching conditions is demonstrated in this paper. The presented double pulse test topology is utilized to evaluate switching dependencies on voltage, current, and frequency, showing its versatility in investigating the switching instability of the device. The extended defects in the buffer layer resulted in a decrease in dynamic on‐state resistance (RDS‐ON) under hard switching conditions. Despite this, no noticeable RDS‐ON degradation occurs under harsh switching conditions due to electron de‐trapping. This study comprehensively analyzes the dynamic stability of a multi‐GaN‐chip cascode module with devices.
A single‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide filtering antenna with three independently controllable radiation nulls
Authors: Ma Jingwei , Zhou Dongfang , Wang Xian
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a single‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) filtering antenna with three independently controllable radiation nulls is presented. The antenna consists of a single‐layer SIW loaded with two radiation gaps, four metallization columns, and folded‐type slots etched on the chip. The back‐cavity double slots are responsible for extending the bandwidth and realizing the radiation function. Three radiation nulls are generated by analyzing the current distribution of the radiation chip, radiation gap, and folded slots. By adjusting the radiation gap distance, the length of the radiation gap, and the folded slot, three broadside radiation nulls are independently controlled without influence on each other. Therefore, flexible out‐of‐band suppression characteristic is obtained. For demonstration, a prototype is fabricated and tested. The measurements match the simulation results better. The filtering antenna operates at 3.70 GHz with a bandwidth of 5.68% (3.59–3.80 GHz), achieving an average realized gain of 5.10 dBi in a flat passband. The out‐of‐band rejection level exceeds 20 dB.
Gravitational search algorithm‐extreme learning machine for COVID‐19 active cases forecasting
Authors: Huang Boyu , Song Youyi , Cui Zhihan , Dou Haowen , Jiang Dazhi , Zhou Teng , Qin Jing
Published: July 2023

Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has shattered people's daily lives and is spreading rapidly across the globe. Existing non‐pharmaceutical intervention solutions often require timely and precise selection of small areas of people for containment or even isolation. Although such containment has been successful in stopping or mitigating the spread of COVID‐19 in some countries, it has been criticized as inefficient or ineffective, because of the time‐delayed and sophisticated nature of the statistics on determining cases. To address these concerns, we propose a GSA‐ELM model based on a gravitational search algorithm to forecast the global number of active cases of COVID‐19. The model employs the gravitational search algorithm, which utilises the gravitational law between two particles to guide the motion of each particle to optimise the search for the global optimal solution, and utilises an extreme learning machine to address the effects of nonlinearity in the number of active cases. Extensive experiments are conducted on the statistical COVID‐19 dataset from Johns Hopkins University, the MAPE of the authors’ model is 7.79%, which corroborates the superiority of the model to state‐of‐the‐art methods.
JADES NIRSpec Spectroscopy of GN-z11: Lyman-α emission and possible enhanced nitrogen abundance in a z = 10.60 luminous galaxy
Authors: Bunker Andrew J. , Saxena Aayush , Cameron Alex J. , Willott Chris J. , Curtis-Lake Emma , Jakobsen Peter , Carniani Stefano , Smit Renske , Maiolino Roberto , Witstok Joris , Curti Mirko , D’Eugenio Francesco , Jones Gareth C. , Ferruit Pierre , Arribas Santiago , Charlot Stephane , Chevallard Jacopo , Giardino Giovanna , de Graaff Anna , Looser Tobias J. , Lützgendorf Nora , Maseda Michael V. , Rawle Tim , Rix Hans-Walter , Del Pino Bruno Rodríguez , Alberts Stacey , Egami Eiichi , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Endsley Ryan , Hainline Kevin , Hausen Ryan , Johnson Benjamin D. , Rieke George , Rieke Marcia , Robertson Brant E. , Shivaei Irene , Stark Daniel P. , Sun Fengwu , Tacchella Sandro , Tang Mengtao , Williams Christina C. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Baker William M. , Baum Stefi , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Bowler Rebecca , Boyett Kristan , Chen Zuyi , Circosta Chiara , Helton Jakob M. , Ji Zhiyuan , Kumari Nimisha , Lyu Jianwei , Nelson Erica , Parlanti Eleonora , Perna Michele , Sandles Lester , Scholtz Jan , Suess Katherine A. , Topping Michael W. , Übler Hannah , Wallace Imaan E. B. , Whitler Lily
Published: July 2023

We present JADES JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy of GN-z11, the most luminous candidate z > 10 Lyman break galaxy in the GOODS-North field with MUV = −21.5. We derive a redshift of z = 10.603 (lower than previous determinations) based on multiple emission lines in our low and medium resolution spectra over 0.7 − 5.3 μm. We significantly detect the continuum and measure a blue rest-UV spectral slope of β = −2.4. Remarkably, we see spatially extended Lyman-α in emission (despite the highly neutral intergalactic medium expected at this early epoch), offset 555 km s−1 redwards of the systemic redshift. From our measurements of collisionally excited lines of both low and high ionisation (including [O II] λ3727, [Ne III] λ3869, and C III] λ1909), we infer a high ionisation parameter (log U ∼ −2). We detect the rarely seen N IV] λ1486 and N III] λ1748 lines in both our low and medium resolution spectra, with other high ionisation lines seen in the low resolution spectrum, such as He II (blended with O III]) and C IV (with a possible P-Cygni profile). Based on the observed rest-UV line ratios, we cannot conclusively rule out photoionisation from an active galactic nucleus (AGN), although the high C III]/He II and N III]/He II ratios are compatible with a star formation explanation. If the observed emission lines are powered by star formation, then the strong N III] λ1748 observed may imply an unusually high N/O abundance. Balmer emission lines (Hγ, Hδ) are also detected, and if powered by star formation rather than an AGN, we infer a star formation rate of ∼20 − 30 M⊙ yr−1 (depending on the initial mass function) and low dust attenuation. Our NIRSpec spectroscopy confirms that GN-z11 is a remarkable galaxy with extreme properties seen 430 Myr after the Big Bang.
Subjektive und objektivierte Riech- und Schmeckstörungen aus einer HNO-Post-COVID-19-Sprechstunde
Authors: Gudziol Hilmar , Bitter Thomas , Schade Ulrike , Laute Kerstin , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: July 2023

Einleitung Riechstörungen gehören zu den 4 häufigsten Post-COVID-19-Beschwerden. Ziel unserer prospektiven Studie aus einer universitären HNO-Post-COVID-Sprechstunde (PCS) war es, die Beschwerden mit psychophysischen Testergebnissen zu untermauern.

Methoden Nach einer HNO-Untersuchung wurden 60 Post-COVID-19-Patienten (41 Frauen) schriftlich zu ihrer Krankengeschichte befragt. Ihre Riechfähigkeit wurde mit der erweiterten Sniffin’-Sticks-Testbatterie getestet, und ihr Schmeckvermögen wurde mit dem 3-Tropfen-Test bestimmt. Aus diesen Daten konnten 3 quantitative olfaktorische (RD) und gustatorische (SD) Diagnosen aus Normalwerttabellen definiert werden. Jeder zweite Patient nahm an einer Kontrolluntersuchung teil.

Ergebnisse Bis zur Erstuntersuchung gaben 60 Patienten Riech- und 51 Schmeckstörungen an; ihre durchschnittliche Dauer betrug in beiden Fällen 11 Monate. Objektivierte pathologische RD und SD hatten 87% bzw. 42% der Gesamtkohorte. Jeder dritte Patient litt an einer objektivierten Kombination aus olfaktorischen und gustatorischen Schäden. Etwa jeder zweite Patient klagte über eine Parosmie. Parosmische Patienten mit 2 Untersuchungsterminen kamen früher zur Kontrolle. Sechs Monate nach der Erstuntersuchung hatten sich bei diesen Patienten die Wahrnehmungsschwellen, der SDI und die RD verbessert. Die Selbsteinschätzung der Riechfähigkeit hatte sich nicht verändert.

Schlussfolgerungen Objektivierte pathologische RD persistierten in unserem PCS für durchschnittlich anderthalb Jahre seit Beginn der Infektion. Parosmiker hatten eine bessere Prognose. Für das Gesundheitssystem und insbesondere für die betroffenen Patienten stellen sie auch nach der Pandemie eine Belastung dar.
Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia and Emergence Delirium Influence the Incidence of Postoperative Maladaptive Behavioral Changes
Authors: Gil Mayo Diego , Sanabria Carretero Pascual , Gajate Martin Luis , Alonso Calderón Jose , Gomez Rojo Maria , Hernández Oliveros Francisco
Published: July 2023

Objective Surgical intervention in pediatric patients can cause variable degrees of psychological stress with potential consequences in the perioperative period and even in the long term, after hospital discharge in the form of behavioral changes days and months later. The aim of our study was to determine which preoperative preparation strategy reduces postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes in children undergoing ambulatory pediatric surgery.

Materials and Methods This prospective observational study included 638 pediatric American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II patients who underwent ambulatory pediatric surgery. They were grouped into four preoperative preparation groups: not premedicated (NADA), premedicated with midazolam (MDZ), parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA), and parental presence during induction of anesthesia and premedicated with midazolam (PPIA + MDZ). All patients included in the study were contacted by telephone during 1 year posthospital discharge to assess the postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes using the Posthospitalization Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ). We performed a multivariate analysis to evaluate the influence of type of preparation and behavioral changes.

Results Patients in the PPIA and PPIA + MDZ preparation groups presented less postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes compared to patients in the NADA and MDZ groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8 [1.1–2.8] and OR 2.2 [1.03–4.49]) during the first week and first month. The intensity of emergence delirium measured by the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale increases the probability of postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes (OR: 1.05 [1.006–1.103]).

Conclusion The presence of parents during induction of anesthesia (PPIA and PPIA + MDZ) is a very effective strategy in reducing postoperative behavioral changes. These benefits are more significant in children under 5 years of age.
Development of a Model for Plaque Induction in Rat Carotid Arteries
Authors: Wakako Akira , Sadato Akiyo , Oeda Motoki , Higashiguchi Saeko , Hayakawa Motoharu , Oshima Marie , Hirose Yuichi
Published: July 2023

Objective Plaque induction through intimal injury using a balloon catheter in small animals and by artificial ligation of the carotid artery in large animals have been reported. However, these reports have not yet succeeded in inducing stable plaques nor creating a high degree of intimal thickening to be used as animal models. We have previously developed a plaque induction model in rats but have failed to obtain a plaque incidence frequency that can be used as a model. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to create a versatile disease model to examine the pharmacokinetics of drug administration, determine the efficacy of treatment, and examine the process of intimal thickening. We also attempted to create an improved model with shorter, more frequent, and more severe intimal thickening.

Materials and Methods The common carotid artery of male Wistar rats was surgically exposed and completely ligated with a wire and 6–0 nylon thread. Then, the wire was removed to create a partial ligation. To create a high frequency and high degree of intimal thickening, 72 rats were divided into two groups: a single lesion group with a 0.25-mm wire and a single ligature point, and a tandem lesion group with a 0.3-mm wire and two ligature points. Each group was further divided into normal diet and high cholesterol diet groups. The presence and frequency of intimal thickening were examined for each group after 4, 8, and 16 weeks of growth.

Results In the single lesion group, intimal thickening was observed in 42% of the 4-week group and 75% of the 8-week group. In the tandem lesion group, intimal thickening was observed in 75% of the 4-week group and 50% of the 8-week group. In addition, 50% of the individuals reared for 16 weeks developed intimal thickening.

Conclusion We successfully induced intimal thickening in the carotid arteries of rats with high frequency in the single lesion and tandem lesion groups. The results also showed that the tandem lesion group tended to induce intimal thickening earlier than the single lesion group.
Study to Determine the Effect of Diaper-Based Wound Care Method in Reducing Wound Contamination Period in Patients Suffering from Perianal Burn Wound
Authors: Chalwade Chandrashekhar Subhash , Sawant Abhijeet D. , Katyal Ishita
Published: July 2023

Background Local wound care in perianal burn wounds is difficult owing to the risk of contamination from fecal soiling. The problem is aggravated in small children and bedridden critical patients who are unable to convey passage of stools. We used diaper-based wound care to reduce contamination.

Materials and Methods We used ethylene trioxide sterilized diaper-based dressings in such patients. These were changed at 6-hour interval. Total and mean prevented period of contamination was noted as primary objective parameters. Time to heal, maceration of surrounding skin, and wound culture swab results were noted as other parameters.

Result The diaper-based wound care led to reduced mean daily and total contamination period.

Conclusion This diaper-based wound care method reduces contamination period of perianal wounds in patients suffering from perianal burn.
Assessment of Anxiety among People with Various Physical Activity Levels during Lockdown in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ain Noor ul , Arif Muriam , Dar Mariam Sultan , Habiba Umm e , Shah Mahjabeen , Naseeb Uzma
Published: July 2023

Background The purpose of this study is to make it easier to counsel the general public on how to promote their psychological health and better lifestyle by boosting their physical activity in the event of more devastating future waves of coronavirus disease 2019. Coronavirus disease is a viral infection first reported in Wuhan, China, which led to a worldwide pandemic and lockdown. In addition to physical health, the uncertainty of situation and fear of infection have further affected the mental health of the individuals. Lockdown has also halted the physical activity of people further adding into the stress and anxiety.

Methods A sample size of 376 was required, but a convenient sampling technique collected 400 responses due to overwhelming Participation. A well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection, which contained sections such as a demographics section. We used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire scale to measure various physical activity levels and the generalized anxiety disorder scale to measure anxiety levels, because of their considerate validity and feasibility. Later both of our variables were compared to find out the correlation of anxiety levels with different physical activity levels.

Results Mean Anxiety and its prevalence rates in the sample were 7.32 ± 5.767 and 33%. On performing Pearson correlation, increasing age was found to be a risk factor for Anxiety. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference between Physical Activity and Anxiety. In the post-hoc Tukey test, a considerable difference in anxiety level was found between people with no physical activity and vigorous physical activity.

Conclusion During the lockdown period, the mean anxiety was found to be 7.0 ± 5.56 with prevalence rate of 33% among the people with no, low, moderate or vigorous physically active levels was found to be associated with better perceived mental health status which suggests the need to promote physically active style to cope with anxiety and awareness sessions to be conducted especially among those who could not maintain a physically active lifestyle. Also, among the general population e-Health programs could provide an appropriate way to promote a physically active lifestyle.
Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Management of Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohandas Rahul , Mohapatra Subhashree , Narkhede Rutuja , Kheur Supriya
Published: July 2023

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is the most dangerous long-term side effect of head and neck radiation therapy that can significantly affect the quality of life of the patients. In ORN of the jaw, the bone within the radiation field becomes devitalized and gets exposed via the overlying skin or mucosa, which remains unhealed. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used as an adjunctive therapy along with surgical debridement for the management of ORN of the jaws. HBOT promotes angiogenesis, neovascularization, fibroblast and osteoblast proliferation, and collagen production. However, the benefit of HBOT in improving the healing of tissues in patients with ORN remains controversial because of low evidence. The present systematic review aimed to compare the available data on the efficacy of HBOT on the healing of ORN of the jaw. Databases like PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Science Direct, Lilac, and Web of Science were searched without any date filter to obtain the relevant articles. A total of six articles met the eligibility criteria and were further processed for data extraction. Two retrospective studies observed that HBOT combined with surgical debridement promoted wound healing in patients with early stages of ORN of the jaws. Similarly, a prospective study reported that prophylactic HBOT reduced the risk of the development of ORN of the jaws following surgery to irradiated jaws. In contrast, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that HBOT did not improve the healing outcome of patients with advanced lesions of ORN of the jaws. Based on the scope of this review, we concluded that the routine use of HBOT for the prevention or management of ORN of the jaws is not recommended. Adjunctive HBOT may be considered in patients who have failed conservative therapy and subsequent surgical resection and are regarded to be at high risk.
Identification of factors influencing entrepreneurial behavior: unveiling start-up business initiatives in Indonesia
Authors: Paranata Ade , Pahrudin  , Muzayyanah Syamsiyatul , Trinh Thi Ha
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the intention of people to launch business in Indonesia, using theory of planned behavior (TPB). The implemented methods included binomial logistic regression, classification and regression tree, and structural equation modeling. To examine this issue, data were obtained through Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) from 2015–2018. The results demonstrated that TPB construct was relevant to the launch initiative of business. This emphasized the significant functions of self-efficacy, business opportunity, and role models in the plans of people, regarding the establishment of an enterprise. Therefore, this study advanced the understanding of the factors influencing entrepreneurial behavior concerning the establishment of business, as well as provided strategies and plans for its development in Indonesia.
Ideologies underlying language policy and planning in the Philippines
Authors: Zeng Jie , Li Xiaolong
Published: July 2023

This study utilizes Cobarrubias’ (1983. Ethical issues in status planning. In: Progress in language planning: international perspectives. pp. 41–85) taxonomy of language ideologies as the framework to uncover the ideologies underlying language policy and planning (LPP) in the Philippines. We discuss the different language ideologies, including linguistic assimilation, vernacularization, linguistic pluralism, and internationalization, through a historical analysis of the mandated LPP in the Philippines and how they have influenced the country’s LPP. Our findings reveal that legislation and administrative measures have played a crucial role in the process of linguistic assimilation, which has historically been the dominant ideology underlying LPP in the Philippines. Furthermore, we highlight that various language ideologies can coexist and be present simultaneously within a language policy or society. We also posit that Cobarrubias’ (1983. Ethical issues in status planning. In: Progress in language planning: international perspectives. pp. 41–85) framework has the potential to aid in the analysis and enhancement of LPP in other countries facing similar linguistic scenarios. Additionally, multilingual and multicultural countries must continually adapt their LPP to emphasize inclusive language policies, language maintenance initiatives, and national identity construction that values and respects linguistic diversity, empowers local communities, and strives for social inclusivity and cohesion within the context of neocolonialism and globalization.
Spectroscopic studies of the superconducting gap in the 12442 family of iron-based compounds (Review article)
Authors: Piatti Erik , Torsello Daniele , Ghigo Gianluca , Daghero Dario
Published: July 2023

The iron-based compounds of the so-called 12442 family are very peculiar in various respects. They originate from the intergrowth of 122 and 1111 building blocks, display a large in-plane vs out-of-plane anisotropy, possess double layers of FeAs separated by insulating layers, and are generally very similar to double-layer cuprates. Moreover, they are stoichiometric superconductors because of an intrinsic hole doping. Establishing their superconducting properties, and in particular the symmetry of the order parameter, is thus particularly relevant in order to understand to what extent these compounds can be considered as the iron-based counterpart of cuprates. In this work, we review the results of various techniques from the current literature and compare them with ours, obtained in Rb–12442 by combining point-contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy and coplanar waveguide resonator measurements of the superfluid density. It turns out that the compound possesses at least two gaps, one of which is certainly nodal. The compatibility of this result with the theoretically allowed gap structures, as well as with the other results in literature, is discussed in detail.
Peculiarities of electron transport and resistive switching in point contacts on TiSe2, TiSeS, and CuxTiSe2
Authors: Bashlakov D. L. , Kvitnitskaya O. E. , Aswartham S. , Shemerliuk Y. , Berger H. , Efremov D. V. , Büchner B. , Naidyuk Yu. G.
Published: July 2023

Compound TiSe2 has received much attention among the transition metal chalcogenides because of its thrilling physical properties concerning atypical resistivity behavior, the emergence of charge density wave (CDW) state, induced superconductivity, etc. Here, we report the discovery of a new feature of TiSe2, namely, the observation of resistive switching in voltage biased point contacts (PCs) based on TiSe2 and its derivatives doped by S and Cu (TiSeS, CuxTiSe2). The switching occurs between a low resistive mainly “metallic-type” state and a high resistive “semiconducting-type” state when a bias voltage is applied (usually < 0.5 V), and reverse switching occurs when a voltage of opposite polarity is applied (usually < 0.5 V). The difference in resistance between these two states can reach up to two orders of magnitude at room temperature. The origin of this effect can be attributed to the variation of stoichiometry in the PC core due to the drift/displacement of Se/Ti vacancies under a high electric field. Additionally, we demonstrated that heating occurs in the PC core, which can facilitate the electric field-induced effect. At the same time, we did not find any evidence for CDW spectral features in our PC spectra for TiSe2. The observed resistive switching allows proposing TiSe2 and their derivatives as promising materials, e.g., for non-volatile resistive random access memory (ReRAM) engineering.
Quantum analogues of dissipative circuit elements
Authors: Zagoskin A. M.
Published: July 2023

Quantum analogues of nondissipative circuit elements, that is, structures which can exist in a superposition of states with different values of inductance or capacitance, are readily realized using, e.g., superconducting qubits. The possibility of the existence of quantum analogues of dissipative circuit elements, which demonstrate superpositions of states with different resistances or memristances, is considered. It is show that this leads to no contradiction with the dissipative character of these elements.
Observation of periodic structures and pseudogaps in pristine compound α-TiNCl by STM/STS and break junction methods
Authors: Sugimoto Akira , Matsumoto Kaito , Saito Takeshi , Yoshida Daiki , Ekino Toshikazu , Tanaka Masashi , Gabovich Alexander M.
Published: July 2023

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) and break-junction tunnel spectroscopy (B.TTS) measurements are performed on the pristine layered α-TiNCl semiconductor (pri-TiNCl), being the precursor of superconducting nitride chlorides. The STM topography of pri-TiNCl shows basic crystal structures with the lattice periods of a0≈ 0.38 nm and b0≈ 0.31 nm, ensuring that a clean a–b surface of micro-single crystals is obtained. From the STS measurements, the averaged conductance versus voltage dependence dI/dV(V) reveals kink structures at relatively high bias voltages of |F| ∼ −50 mV and −100 mV. The spatial (r-) conductance distributions dI/dV (V, r) (dI/dV maps) proportional to those of quasiparticle local densities of states (LDOSes) exhibit the bias-independent streak structures with the period of (4.8 ± 0.2) b0, which are predominantly observed within the range of |V| < 95 mV. The temperature dependence of the dI/dV B.TTS spectra shows the gap structure with the energy scale of 4Σ = 180 meV vanishing at Ts ∼ 120 K. Thus, the ratio of the gap Σ to the transition temperature Ts is 2Σ/kBTs ∼ 10. Here, kB is the Boltzmann constant. Such a ratio is typical of the pseudogap features in cuprate superconductors and dielectric gap characteristics in layered chalcogenides with charge-density waves.
Simulation study for efficiency optimization of multi-beam klystron output cavity
Authors: Ostovar M. , Arand B. A. , Ahmadiannamin S. , Sadeghipanah A.
Published: July 2023

Increasing klystron tubes’ efficiency is essential in developing new-generation colliders and free-electron lasers. Different factors can affect the efficiency of a multi-beam klystron. One of the significant factors is the electric field symmetry inside cavities, especially in the output section. In this research, two different types of couplers are investigated in the extraction cavity of a 40-beam klystron. The first approach is a single slot coupler, which is frequently utilized and easier to fabricate but disturbs the electric field symmetry inside the extraction cavity. The second method has a more complex structure with symmetric electric fields. In this design, the coupler consists of 28 mini slots on the inner wall of the coaxial extraction cavity. Both designs are evaluated via particle in cell simulations, and the results exhibit around 30% more power extracted from the structure with a symmetric field distribution. The symmetric structures can also decrease the number of back-streamed particles by up to 70%.
Ion transport in thermally responsive pectin film
Authors: Wang Linghui , Kim Tae Hyun , Costanza Vincenzo , Higdon Nicholas J. , Daraio Chiara
Published: July 2023

The ionic conductivity of CaCl2-crosslinked pectin was found to exhibit a record-high temperature response, suggesting its potential applications in wearable devices and infrared sensors [R. Di Giacomo et al., Sci. Rob. 2, eaai9251 (2017)]. However, little was known about its ion conduction mechanisms and the origin of its high-temperature sensitivity. In this study, we perform controlled experiments and identify calcium ions as the dominant current carriers. By analyzing infrared spectra at different temperatures, we find that the temperature response is due to changes in ion mobility, rather than variations in ion number density. We compare measurements and modeling results of nine different multivalent ions and find a positive correlation between their temperature responses and their binding energy to pectin. While these findings are fundamental in nature, they provide relevant guidance for the future design of temperature-sensitive polymers and other materials for organic electronics.
Indigenous facility of the unipolar pulsed power generation for gas flow sputtering of titania films
Authors: Alktash Nivin , Muydinov Ruslan , Erfurt Darja , Hartig Manuel , Gajewski Wojciech , Szyszka Bernd
Published: July 2023

Gas flow sputtering is a sputter deposition method that enables soft and high-rate deposition even for oxides or nitrides at high pressure (in the mbar range). A unipolar pulse generator with adjustable reverse voltage was used to optimize thin film growth by the hollow cathode gas flow sputtering system. In this regard, we describe our laboratory Gas Flow Sputtering (GFS) deposition system, which has been recently assembled at the Technical University of Berlin. Its technical facilities and suitability for various technological tasks are explored. The first experimental efforts are presented by the example of TiOx films on glass substrates obtained at various deposition conditions with forced Argon flow. The influence of pulsing parameters, power, and oxygen gas flow on the plasma generated is studied. The films were characterized by ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray reflectivity. Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) was also used to characterize the remote plasma, and the substrate temperature was measured. The pulsing frequency (f) is a significant factor that provides additional substrate heating by about 100 °C when the plasma regime changes from f = 0 (DC) to 100 kHz. Such a change in frequency provides a significant increase in the OES signals of Ti and Ar neutrals as well as of Ti+ ions. With pulsed operation at high power, the GFS plasma is capable of heating the glass substrate to more than 400 °C within several minutes, which allows for crystalline anatase TiOx film deposition without external heating. For deposition below 200 °C substrate temperature, low power DC operation can be used.
Enhanced photoresponsiveness of methylammonium lead iodide nanoplates via high pressure quenching
Authors: Zhang Huafang , Yang Jiazhen , Li Quanjun , You Wenwu , Mao Yanli
Published: July 2023

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (HOIPs) are promising light-electric conversion materials for optoelectronic devices. Improving the light responsiveness properties of HOIPs is of great significance for the development of the optoelectronics industry. In this study, we have investigated the effect of pressure on the optoelectronics properties of the archetypical representative HOIPs methylammonium lead iodide nanoplates. An enhancement of the photocurrent accompanied by 4 times-prolonged carrier lifetime, enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensity, and narrowed bandgap were observed via applying pressure to about 0.36 GPa, while these physical properties got worse with further compression. Strikingly, when released to ambient conditions, the photocurrent is further increased to 4.5 times and the carrier lifetime is prolonged to 1.5 times of the corresponding values for an initial sample, while the bandgap slightly blueshifted and the PL intensity slightly reduced. These results suggest that the increased photocurrent may be related to the increased carrier lifetime of the quenched sample, which gives more time for the separation of photoelectrons from vacancies before recombination. This study demonstrated that pressure engineering can be a real possibility for improving the light responsiveness of the HOIPs material in practical applications.
Application of machine-learning algorithms to predict the transport properties of Mie fluids
Authors: Šlepavičius Justinas , Patti Alessandro , McDonagh James L. , Avendaño Carlos
Published: July 2023

The ability to predict transport properties of fluids, such as the self-diffusion coefficient and viscosity, has been an ongoing effort in the field of molecular modeling. While there are theoretical approaches to predict the transport properties of simple systems, they are typically applied in the dilute gas regime and are not directly applicable to more complex systems. Other attempts to predict transport properties are performed by fitting available experimental or molecular simulation data to empirical or semi-empirical correlations. Recently, there have been attempts to improve the accuracy of these fittings through the use of Machine-Learning (ML) methods. In this work, the application of ML algorithms to represent the transport properties of systems comprising spherical particles interacting via the Mie potential is investigated. To this end, the self-diffusion coefficient and shear viscosity of 54 potentials are obtained at different regions of the fluid-phase diagram. This data set is used together with three ML algorithms, namely, k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Symbolic Regression (SR), to find correlations between the parameters of each potential and the transport properties at different densities and temperatures. It is shown that ANN and KNN perform to a similar extent, followed by SR, which exhibits larger deviations. Finally, the application of the three ML models to predict the self-diffusion coefficient of small molecular systems, such as krypton, methane, and carbon dioxide, is demonstrated using molecular parameters derived from the so-called SAFT-VR Mie equation of state [T. Lafitte et al. J. Chem. Phys. 139, 154504 (2013)] and available experimental vapor–liquid coexistence data.
Research on the cooling performance of gas generators by porous wire mesh
Authors: Cui Xiaoting , Huang Yong , Zhao Jinyu , Wang Hao
Published: July 2023

The gas bladder is essential to the submunition delivery system, performing high-temperature and high-pressure gas scouring and ablation. In this paper, a new gas generator device containing wire mesh is designed to prevent ablation and breakage of the gas bladder. To verify the cooling effect of the device, simulation software is used to simulate the gas flow process and the gas cooling effect of the gas generator. The comparison with the experimental results shows that the error of the calculation results is small and the simulation model is accurate and reliable. Based on the method mentioned earlier, simulations were conducted for different wire porosities and filling thicknesses. The results showed that the cooling effect of the gas generator increased and then decreased with the thickness of the wire mesh and the cooling performance of the wire mesh was the best when the filling thickness was 10 mm. When the filling thickness is 10 mm, the temperature drop and the pressure drop decrease with increasing wire porosity.
SiGeSn buffer layer for the growth of GeSn films
Authors: Jernigan Glenn G. , Mahadik Nadeemullah A. , Twigg Mark E. , Jackson Eric M. , Nolde Jill A.
Published: July 2023

Inclusion of Si atoms to the growth surface during the molecular beam epitaxy of Ge and Sn to form a SiGeSn alloy was identified as a reactive surface species and as a means to compensate strain, which allowed for the subsequent growth of GeSn alloys with high Sn content. The development of a SiGeSn virtual substrate having a 15% Sn concentration and lattice parameter larger than 5.72 Å is demonstrated, using atomic force microscopy, x-ray reciprocal space mapping, and transmission electron microscopy, as a method for the direct growth of thick (>500 nm) fully relaxed GeSn alloys with greater than 10% Sn. This buffer layer enables the monolithic integration of GeSn with silicon for optoelectronic applications, as the SiGeSn virtual substrate allows for selective chemical etching of GeSn, which is important for device fabrication.
Elastic, piezoelectric, and electronic properties of K1−xMxNbO3 (M = Li, Na): A first-principles study
Authors: Li Hui , Wu Qianpeng , Zhou Tianxiang , Wang Youlin , Qiu Yixuan , Xu Kang , Zhao Xinbo , He Zhongming , Yu Pengfei
Published: July 2023

The structural, elastic, piezoelectric, and electronic properties of K1−xMxNbO3 (M = Li, Na) were investigated by first-principles calculations. The results show that the modifications have effects on the elastic properties of KNbO3 and strengthen the anisotropy. Na and Li doping can slightly improve the piezoelectric stress tensor (e33) and piezoelectric strain tensor (d33) of KNbO3. With the increase in the x value from 0 to 0.5 in K1−xMxNbO3, the d33 value is improved from 24.4 to 36.3 pC/N (M = Na) and 41.5 pC/N (M = Li), and the piezoelectric property is improved by 1.49 and 1.70 times with the modifications of Na and Li, respectively. This conclusion is consistent with the result of Born effective charge and band structure results. The Born effective charge average values (Z*̄) for K and Nb atoms in K0.5M0.5NbO3 (M = Li, Na) are slightly increased compared to those in KNbO3. KNbO3 has an indirect bandgap, while Na and Li doping makes K0.5Na0.5NbO3 or K0.5Li0.5NbO3 a direct bandgap semiconductor. This study may provide a theoretical insight into Na and Li modified KNbO3 for their piezoelectricity.