bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities to Use Google Cloud Services in High School Computer Science Classes
Authors: Lamkova Madina Kadagazovna
Published: June 2021

The article examines the issue of usage of contemporary technologies in education. The authors describe some of the functions of GoogleDocs cloud services and how to implement them at various stages of computer science lessons.
The Roles of Vitamin D in Increasing the Body's Immunity and Reducing Injuries due to Viral Infections: With an Emphasis on its Possible Role in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Aleebrahim-Dehkordi Elahe , Deravi Niloofar , Yaghoobpoor Shirin , Hooshyar Dariush , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: June 2021

Background:

It is known that vitamin D can increase the body’s immunity against some viral infections.
Many people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency; therefore, this has become a public concern whether
vitamin D is an important factor protecting against COVID-19 infection. In this paper, the data about the roles
of vitamin D in immunity and recovery from viral infections, especially novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-
19), are reviewed.

Methods:

The electronic databases of Pubmed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Excerpta Media Database
(EMBASE), and Medical and Health Education (Medrix) were searched.

Results:

Vitamin D is considered an important factor in immune homeostasis. Various effects have been considered
for this nutrient on the immune system, particularly because of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and Cytochrome
P450 Family 27 Subfamily B Member 1 (CYP27B1) expression in most of the immune cells. Vitamin
D can increase cellular immunity, reduce cytokine storm, and enhance antioxidants production. It also has
modulatory effects on Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and might have protective functions
against acute lung injuries, including COVID-19 infection. However, there are some articles against this positive
effect.

Conclusion:

Vitamin D supplementation is reported to be effective in the enhancement of the immune system
and might be effective in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 infection, especially in those with its deficiency.
However, it should be considered that vitamin D deficiency shows the overall health status of the patients
and cannot be considered specific for COVID-19 infection.
MicroRNA, a Promising Biomarker for Breast and Ovarian Cancer: A Review
Authors: Akram Fatima , Atique Noman , Haq Ikram ul , Ahmed Zeeshan , Jabbar Zuriat , Nawaz Ali , Aqeel Amna , Akram Rabia
Published: June 2021

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNA) belong to the substantial class of posttranscriptional
gene regulators with decisive functions in typical cellular and disease progressions.
They are short RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins but bind to the complementary
sites of various mRNAs, thus blocking them and leading to translational inhibition.

Objective:

These miRNA molecules act as signatory molecules or biomarkers for various types of
malignancies. Different miRNAs are involved in different cancer-linked pathways depending on the
nature, stage, and kind of cancer. The objective of this article is to discuss and review the role and
significance of various miRNAs in two of the most prominent cancers; breast and ovarian cancer.

Methods:

The role of miRNAs in the instigation, propagation, and metastasis of melanoma has been
elucidated.

Results:

This article focuses on the up- and down-regulation of various miRNAs in breast and ovarian
cancer, with stress on diversity in their occurrence and specificity in their threshold levels in
certain types and stages of cancer, suggesting their potential role as an effective diagnostic and
treatment tool for cancer.

Conclusion:

Considering all the aforementioned information, it can be concluded that miRNAs can
act as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast and ovarian cancers.
Parkinson’s Symptoms and Caregiver Affiliate Stigma: A Multinational Study
Authors: Henry Richard S. , Perrin Paul B. , Lageman Sarah K. , Villaseñor Teresita , Cariello Annahir N. , Pugh Mickeal , Smith Erin R. , Arroyo Monica , Zarate Alejandra , Avila Judith , Soto-Escageda Jose A.
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective:

Research has documented the stigma that individuals with
degenerative neurological diseases experience, but caregivers also experience stigma by association
(i.e., affiliate stigma). In order to shed light on the stigma of caregivers of people with degenerative
neurological diseases, the current study aimed to explore cross-cultural differences in the prevalence
of Parkinson’s disease (PD) caregiver affiliate stigma, as well as the relationship between
PD symptoms and caregiver affiliate stigma. Applications for Alzheimer’s disease are discussed.

Methods:

Survey data were collected in PD clinics at public, academic medical centers. Informal
caregivers of an individual with PD from the US (n = 105) and from Mexico (n = 148) participated
in the study. Caregivers completed a questionnaire that included the MDS Unified PD Rating Scale
to describe the symptoms of the individual with PD, as well as the Affiliate Stigma Scale and demographic
information.

Results:

A series of multiple regressions was run to examine whether PD symptoms were associated
with affiliate stigma and if these differed by country. These regressions suggested that different
patterns of PD symptoms predicted affiliate stigma in each country. Stigma was higher in the US
compared to Mexico, and the relationship between bowel/bladder symptoms and affiliate stigma
was significantly stronger in the US.

Conclusions:

Symptoms of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases are related to affiliate stigma
experienced by caregivers, and these relationships may differ cross-culturally. Negative public
attitudes concerning bowl and bladder issues and the physical symptoms that accompany PD remain
a source of stigma for caregivers and families, particularly in the US. Interventions for caregivers
of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases should include strategies for coping with stigma
concerning bladder and bowel problems, as well as other physical and mental health issues.
Perilesional Lymph Node Swelling Might be a Radiologic Clue for Appendiceal Schwannoma: A Case Report
Authors: Suzuki Kunihito , Saito Kazuhiro , Yamada Takafumi , Arizono Elly , Kumita Hidehiro , Kasahara Kenta , Katsumata Kenji , Tasaki Koichiro , Matsubayashi Jun , Nagao Toshitaka
Published: June 2021

Background:

Gastrointestinal schwannoma is not a common type of tumor, and lesions
originating from the appendix are extremely rare. Herein, we report a patient with appendiceal schwannoma
characterized by lymph node swelling.

Case report:

A 67-year-old male patient who had diabetes complained of weight loss. A computed
tomography scan revealed a mass in the right side of the pelvic cavity. Moreover, a contrast-enhanced
computed tomography scan showed perilesional lymph node swelling measuring up to 28
mm. A low-intensity mass was observed on T1-weighted imaging, heterogeneous high-intensity
mass on T2-weighted imaging, and restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted imaging. There were
no abnormal findings on colonoscopy. Based on a preoperative examination, a differential diagnosis
of either appendiceal schwannoma, carcinoid, or gastrointestinal stromal tumor was considered.
During surgery, a large appendiceal mass and multiple swollen perilesional lymph nodes were observed.
Therefore, ileocecal resection and D3 lymph node dissection were performed. Pathological
and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of appendiceal schwannoma. There
were numerous swollen lymph nodes in the mesenteric region. The lymph nodes revealed reactive
lymphoid hyperplasia, with enlarged follicles of various sizes and shapes with an irregular distribution.
Almost all lymphocytes, except those at the germinal centers, were small.

Conclusion:

Gastrointestinal schwannoma is characterized by lymph node swelling. Appendiceal
schwannoma may have characteristics, including peritumoral lymph node swelling, similar to other
types of gastrointestinal schwannoma such as that in the stomach. Thus, this characteristic can be a
diagnostic clue for appendiceal schwannoma.
Anti-Cancer Effects of Epigenetics Drugs Scriptaid and Zebularine in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Ngai Siew Ching , Yap Zhi Hung , Kong Wei Yang , Azeez Abdur Rahmaan , Fang Chee-Mun
Published: June 2021

Background:

High relapse and metastasis progression in breast cancer patients have prompted the need to
explore alternative treatments. Epigenetic therapy has emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy due to the reversibility
of epigenome structures.

Objective:

This study investigated the anti-cancer effects of epigenetic drugs scriptaid and zebularine in human breast
adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells.

Methods:

First, the half maximal Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) of scriptaid and zebularine, and the combination of
both drugs on human breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells were determined. Next, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7
cells were treated with IC50 of scriptaid, zebularine and the combination of both. After IC50 treatments, the anti-cancer
effects were evaluated via cell migration assay, cell cycle analysis and apoptotic studies which included histochemical
staining and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the apoptotic genes.

Results:

Both epigenetic drugs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 2 nM scriptaid, 8 μM
zebularine and a combination of 2 nM scriptaid and 2 μM zebularine. Both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells exhibited
a reduction in cell migration after the treatments. In particular, MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited a significant reduction in
cell migration (p < 0.05) after the treatments of zebularine and the combination of scriptaid and zebularine. Besides,
cell cycle analysis demonstrated that scriptaid and the combination of both drugs could induce cell cycle arrest at the
G0/G1 phase in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, histochemical staining allowed the observation of
apoptotic features, such as nuclear chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, nuclear chromatin
fragmentation and cytoplasmic extension, in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells after the treatments. Further, apoptotic
studies revealed the upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and elevation of
Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with zebularine and MCF-7 cells treated with all drug regimens.

Conclusion:

Collectively, these findings suggest that scriptaid and zebularine are potential anti-cancer drugs, either
single or in combination, for the therapy of breast cancer. Further investigations of the gene regulatory pathways directed
by scriptaid and zebularine are definitely warranted in the future.
Demethylzeylasteral Exerts Antitumor Effects via Disruptive Autophagic Flux
and Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells and Increases Cell
Chemosensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Pang Yi , Liu Guiyuan , Lai Dengxiang , Jiang Yi , Yang Hongjing , Zhao Hui , Zhang Yonghui , Liu Dan
Published: June 2021

Background:

Demethylzeylasteral (ZST93), a pharmacologically active triterpenoid monomer extracted
from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), has been reported to exert antineoplastic effects in several
cancer cell types. However, the anti-tumour effects of ZST93 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are unknown.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antitumor effects of ZST93 on cell cycle arrest,
disruptive autophagic flux, apoptotic cell death and enhanced chemosensitivity to 5-FU in human CRC cells.

Methods:

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay,
flow cytometry, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay
and autophagy analysis were used to evaluate the effects of ZST93 on cell viability, cell cycle progression,
apoptosis and autophagy in two human CRC cell lines. Moreover, ZST93’s combined anti-tumour effects with
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were evaluated.

Results:

ZST93 inhibited CRC cell proliferation and growth. It was responsible for blocked cell cycle transition
by arresting CRC cells in the G0/G1 phase via down-regulation of CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin D1 and c-MYC.
Moreover, ZST93 induced suppressive autophagic flux and caspase-3-dependent cell death, which was further
strengthened by the blocking of the autophagy process using chloroquine (CQ). Moreover, ZST93 enhanced
CRC cells’ chemosensitivity to 5-FU via modulation of autophagy and apoptosis.

Conclusion:

ZST93 exerts anti-tumor effects via disruptive autophagic flux and apoptotic cell death in human
CRC cells and increases cell chemosensitivity to 5-FU. These results provide insights into the utilisation of
ZST93 as an adjuvant or direct autophagy inhibitor and suggest ZST93 as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating
CRC.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS IT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMK BIDANG OTOMOTIF DI SLEMAN DAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Fatah Amir , Sudiyanto Sudiyanto
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran menggunakan media berbasis IT lebih tinggi dari pada pembelajaran yang menggunakan media non IT. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian Quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Perlakuan berupa penggunaan media berbasis IT dan media non IT untuk pembelajaran Sistem Kelistrikan, Chasis, dan Las Cair Busur Listrik Elektroda Terbungkus. Subyek penelitian diambil dari siswa SMK kelas XI dari tiga sekolah.di Kabupaten Sleman dan Kota Magelang. Setiap  sekolah diambil dua rombongan belajar sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas control. Penetuan subyek penelitian dilakukan secara propursive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan post test dan observasi. Validasi instrumen dilakukan oleh pakar Perguruan Tinggi dan SMK. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan Uji Jenjang Wilconxon. Hasil penelitian menujukkan rerata aktivitas belajar siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran pada kelas kontrol (dengan media berbasis non IT) antara cukup-baik (skore 67.00; 74.25, dan 63.13), sedangkan pada kelas eksperimen(dengan media berbasis IT) termasuk baik (skore 74.50; 73.25; dan 75.00). Penggunaan media berbasis IT dalam pembelajaran tidak semua dapat membuat aktivitas dan prestasi belajar siswa lebih tinggi dari pada kelas yang menggunakan media berbasis non IT.Kata kunci: Media Berbasis IT, Aktivitas Belajar, Prestasi Belajar
PERANAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN DALAM MEMANTAPKAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU SMK TKR
Authors: Haryana Kir , Pambayun Nirmala Adhi Yoga , Yuswono Lilik Chaerul , Sukaswanto Sukaswanto
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi pelatihan keahlian yang diikuti guru; (2) Menganalisis dampak pelatihan; (4) Mengetahui pelatihan yang diinginkan guru; (5) Mengidentifikasi kendala dalam pelatihan keahlian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian survey. Populasi penelitian adalah guru paket keahlian TKR di DIY, sampel ditentukan dengan teknik sampling purposive. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan statistik diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, (1) Terdapat 12 jenis pelatihan yang diikuti guru; (2) Dampak pelatihan masuk dalam kategori sangat baik; (3) Pelatihan yang paling diinginkan guru adalah pelatihan Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI); (4) Kendala dalam pelatihan bidang keahlian keduanya masuk dalam kategori rendahKata Kunci: Pelatihan, Dampak, Kompetensi Profesional
KESADARAN BERLALU LINTAS MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN UNIVERSITAS SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rabiman Rabiman , Handoyono Nurcholish Arifin
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to determine:  1) The level of safety riding for students of Mechanical Engineering Education; and 2) The level of eco riding for students of Mechanical Engineering Education. The type of research used is descriptive. The research population was all students of Mechanical Engineering Education at The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa. The sample was taken using the Stratified random sampling technique which found 199 students. The instrument used is a multiple choice test to measure the level of safety riding and the level of eco riding. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics. The result results showed that: 1) The level of safety riding for students of Mechanical Engineering Education was categorized very hight with an average value of 24,78; and 2) 1) The level of eco riding for students of Mechanical Engineering Education was categorized very hight with an average value of 6,85.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS – ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PEMELIHARAAN MESIN KENDARAAN RINGAN
Authors: Akhmad Faisal
Published: June 2021

This research aims to increase student learning outcomes of class XI TKR 3 in the PMKR at SMK N 2 Yogyakarta through the application of the cooperative learning model type Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research carried out in 2 cycles where each cycle was 1 times meeting. The research subject were student of class XII TKR 3 on the Pemeliharaan Mesin Kendaraan Ringan (PMKR) subjects in thr 2019/2020 academic year with a total of 31 students. Data collection is done by test and observation. Data processing is done quantitatively by seeing the implemetation of the cooperative learning model type Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) and learning outcomes. The succes criteria determined are minimum 75% of students have reached the Minimum Completion Criteria (MCC) wich is a minimum value of 76,00. The result of this research) is able to increase the learning outcomes of students in class XI TKR 3 in PMKR subjects at SMK N 2 Yogyakarta. Average student learning outcomes increased from data before the action 59,58 to 88,52 in cycle 2. When looking at completeness from the initial data the precentage of students completeness 3,20% increased to 90,30%.
Электронные состояния и персистентные токи в кольцах с неоднородным спин-орбитальным взаимодействием Рашбы
Authors: Максимова Г.М. , Зайнагутдинов А.Р. , Тележников А.В.
Published: June 2021

The paper considers one-dimensional isolated quantum rings in a perpendicular magnetic field, in which Rashba spin-orbit coupling parameter changes along the ring. Electronic spectra and persistent currents of such ring structures are calculated for different values of the structure parameters and the magnitude of the magnetic flux. It is shown that the inhomogeneity of the Rashba parameter leads to anticrossing of energy levels and smoothing of the dependence of the persistent charge current on the flux. The influence of inhomogeneity on the spin persistent current turns out to be more significant: the projection of the spin current on the ring axis ceases to be preserved when moving along the ring; additional extrema or zeros appear on the dependence of the absolute value of the spin current on the magnetic flux for a given number of electrons in the ring.
Резонансное отражение света оптической решеткой экситонов, сформированной 100 квантовыми ямами InGaN
Authors: Иванов А.А. , Чалдышев В.В. , Заварин Е.Е. , Сахаров А.В. , Лундин В.В. , Цацульников А.Ф.
Published: June 2021

Optical properties of a structure with a periodic system of 100 InGaN quantum wells (QWs) separated by non-tunneling GaN barriers have been investigated at room temperature. The structure periodicity corresponded to the Bragg diffraction condition at the frequency of the QW excitons. Numerical modeling using transfer matrices gave a quantitatively accurate fit of the experimental results. The model included the resonance response of A, B, and C excitons in QWs and an optical absorption tail in the barriers and buffer layer. We have determined the radiative and non-radiative broadening of the excitons in the InGaN QWs.
Design and Implementation of an Informatics Infrastructure for Standardized Data Acquisition, Transfer, Storage, and Export in Psychiatric Clinical Routine: Feasibility Study
Authors: Blitz Rogério , Storck Michael , Baune Bernhard T , Dugas Martin , Opel Nils
Published: June 2021

Background

Empirically driven personalized diagnostic applications and treatment stratification is widely perceived as a major hallmark in psychiatry. However, databased personalized decision making requires standardized data acquisition and data access, which are currently absent in psychiatric clinical routine.

Objective

Here, we describe the informatics infrastructure implemented at the psychiatric Münster University Hospital, which allows standardized acquisition, transfer, storage, and export of clinical data for future real-time predictive modelling in psychiatric routine.

Methods

We designed and implemented a technical architecture that includes an extension of the electronic health record (EHR) via scalable standardized data collection and data transfer between EHRs and research databases, thus allowing the pooling of EHRs and research data in a unified database and technical solutions for the visual presentation of collected data and analyses results in the EHR. The Single-source Metadata ARchitecture Transformation (SMA:T) was used as the software architecture. SMA:T is an extension of the EHR system and uses module-driven engineering to generate standardized applications and interfaces. The operational data model was used as the standard. Standardized data were entered on iPads via the Mobile Patient Survey (MoPat) and the web application Mopat@home, and the standardized transmission, processing, display, and export of data were realized via SMA:T.

Results

The technical feasibility of the informatics infrastructure was demonstrated in the course of this study. We created 19 standardized documentation forms with 241 items. For 317 patients, 6451 instances were automatically transferred to the EHR system without errors. Moreover, 96,323 instances were automatically transferred from the EHR system to the research database for further analyses.

Conclusions

In this study, we present the successful implementation of the informatics infrastructure enabling standardized data acquisition and data access for future real-time predictive modelling in clinical routine in psychiatry. The technical solution presented here might guide similar initiatives at other sites and thus help to pave the way toward future application of predictive models in psychiatric clinical routine.
Needs and Experiences of Users of Digital Navigation Tools for Mental Health Treatment and Supportive Services: Survey Study
Authors: Stafford Elizabeth , Brister Teri , Duckworth Ken , Rauseo-Ricupero Natali , Lagan Sarah
Published: June 2021

Background

Despite a recent proliferation in web-based and digital resources that are designed to assist users in finding appropriate mental health treatment and supportive services, it can be overwhelming, confusing, and difficult for an individual or family member to access and use an appropriate navigation tool. As digital resources are increasingly sought after, there is an urgent need for a clearer understanding of digital navigation tools in order to help link individuals with the tool that is best suited to their needs.

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the needs of individuals seeking mental health treatment and supportive services and to quantify their experiences and satisfaction with available digital navigation tools.

Methods

A survey was offered via an email newsletter and social media posting throughout the extended membership of the National Alliance on Mental Illness, which includes both individuals with a mental health condition and their family members and support networks. A 13-item anonymous survey, which consisted of multiple-choice and open response options, was developed to measure participants’ past use of and experiences with web-based, mobile, and phone-based navigation tools. The survey was available from April 9 through May 21, 2020.

Results

A total of 478 respondents completed the survey; the majority of respondents were female (397/478, 83.1%) and aged ≥35 years (411/478, 86%). Younger respondents were more likely to report seeking mental health services for themselves, while older respondents were more likely to be searching for such services on behalf of a family member. The majority of respondents seeking such services on behalf of a family member (113/194, 58.2%) required a combination of mental health treatment and supportive services. Furthermore, two-thirds of respondents (322/478, 67.4%) used a navigation tool to find treatment or services. The majority of respondents who provided feedback about their experiences with navigation tools (224/280, 80%) reported difficulties, with data availability and accuracy being the most commonly reported issues.

Conclusions

The survey results suggest that issues with data availability and accuracy in available navigation tools remain a major barrier for locating timely and appropriate mental health treatment and supportive services within the population of individuals seeking such services. Particularly for individuals seeking care on behalf of a family member, improving the accuracy of and users’ experiences with navigation tools could have a major impact on effectively connecting people to treatment and support services.
Self-Focused and Other-Focused Health Concerns as Predictors of the Uptake of Corona Contact Tracing Apps: Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: große Deters Fenne , Meier Tabea , Milek Anne , Horn Andrea B
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Corona contact tracing apps are a novel and promising measure to reduce the spread of COVID-19. They can help to balance the need to maintain normal life and economic activities as much as possible while still avoiding exponentially growing case numbers. However, a majority of citizens need to be willing to install such an app for it to be effective. Hence, knowledge about drivers for app uptake is crucial.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to add to our understanding of underlying psychological factors motivating app uptake. More specifically, we investigated the role of concern for one’s own health and concern to unknowingly infect others.

METHODS

A two-wave survey with 346 German-speaking participants from Switzerland and Germany was conducted. We measured the uptake of two decentralized contact tracing apps officially launched by governments (Corona-Warn-App, Germany; SwissCovid, Switzerland), as well as concerns regarding COVID-19 and control variables.

RESULTS

Controlling for demographic variables and general attitudes toward the government and the pandemic, logistic regression analysis showed a significant effect of self-focused concerns (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, P=.002). Meanwhile, concern of unknowingly infecting others did not contribute significantly to the prediction of app uptake over and above concern for one’s own health (OR 1.01, P=.92). Longitudinal analyses replicated this pattern and showed no support for the possibility that app uptake provokes changes in levels of concern. Testing for a curvilinear relationship, there was no evidence that “too much” concern leads to defensive reactions and reduces app uptake.

CONCLUSIONS

As one of the first studies to assess the installation of already launched corona tracing apps, this study extends our knowledge of the motivational landscape of app uptake. Based on this, practical implications for communication strategies and app design are discussed.
Consumer Views on Health Applications of Consumer Digital Data and Health Privacy Among US Adults: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Grande David , Luna Marti Xochitl , Merchant Raina M , Asch David A , Dolan Abby , Sharma Meghana , Cannuscio Carolyn C
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

In 2020, the number of internet users surpassed 4.6 billion. Individuals who create and share digital data can leave a trail of information about their habits and preferences that collectively generate a digital footprint. Studies have shown that digital footprints can reveal important information regarding an individual’s health status, ranging from diet and exercise to depression. Uses of digital applications have accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic where public health organizations have utilized technology to reduce the burden of transmission, ultimately leading to policy discussions about digital health privacy. Though US consumers report feeling concerned about the way their personal data is used, they continue to use digital technologies.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand the extent to which consumers recognize possible health applications of their digital data and identify their most salient concerns around digital health privacy.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with a diverse national sample of US adults from November 2018 to January 2019. Participants were recruited from the Ipsos KnowledgePanel, a nationally representative panel. Participants were asked to reflect on their own use of digital technology, rate various sources of digital information, and consider several hypothetical scenarios with varying sources and health-related applications of personal digital information.

RESULTS

The final cohort included a diverse national sample of 45 US consumers. Participants were generally unaware what consumer digital data might reveal about their health. They also revealed limited knowledge of current data collection and aggregation practices. When responding to specific scenarios with health-related applications of data, they had difficulty weighing the benefits and harms but expressed a desire for privacy protection. They saw benefits in using digital data to improve health, but wanted limits to health programs’ use of consumer digital data.

CONCLUSIONS

Current privacy restrictions on health-related data are premised on the notion that these data are derived only from medical encounters. Given that an increasing amount of health-related data is derived from digital footprints in consumer settings, our findings suggest the need for greater transparency of data collection and uses, and broader health privacy protections.
Using a Mobile Health Intervention to Explore the Daily Physical Activity Patterns of University Students: An Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yeh Shao-Wei , Yuan Chunyan , Wu Yu-Feng , Shen Rui
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Promoting students’ physical activity is a global public health challenge. Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors have been regarded as causing harmful chronic diseases in young adults’ lifespan. However, high engagement in mobile technology for students may provide opportunities to help change unhealthy behaviors. Therefore, school sectors may play an important key role, such as implementing mobile health interventions to change students’ unhealthy behaviors and promoting regular physical activity, especially during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore university students’ daily exercise patterns as a result of a school-based intervention using an mHealth app.

METHODS

Students’ physical exercise participation was recorded using a smart phone app. Involving 4,152 university freshmen (1,476 males, 2,676 females), 335,898 of their exercise records were analyzed (mean frequency of 38.2 ±16.10 for males, 45.1±10.81 for females) during the 2018-2019 semester.

RESULTS

Under the school-based intervention project, student exercise on Friday and Saturday was lower than that on other days, which indicated that participation in exercise was more active on weekdays than on weekends. Among the participants who completed the requirement set by the school intervention project, both males and females used weekends to do exercise. Overweight male university students participated in physical activity more than the school intervention project requirement, and their exercise duration was found to be significantly higher than that of other participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding the weekly daily exercise patterns of youth as a result of the mHealth app intervention can benefit the development of efficient and flexible projects to promote young people’s physical health and improve their regular exercise participation.
Native and non-native ornamental aquarium fishes of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Ishrak , Mohsin ABM
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was carried out for twelve (12) months from March 2018 to February 2019 to prepare a complete update checklist of native and non-native aquarium fishes of Bangladesh. During the current study, 270 varieties (230 freshwater, 36 marine, and 4 brackish water) belong to 149 species (109 freshwater 73 %, 36 marines 24 %, and 4 brackish water 3 %) of 38 families under 10 orders and 6 crossbreeds’ varieties were recorded. Considering the number of species maximum 83 (55.70 %) was found under the order Perciformes followed by Cypriniformes 24 (16.10 %), Characiformes 18 (12.08 %), Siluriformes 11 (7.38 %), Osteoglossiformes 05 (3.35 %), Atheriniformes 03 (2.01 %), Lepisosteiformes 02 (1.34 %), Polypteriformes 01 (0.6 %), Myliobatiformes 01 (0.67 %) and Cyprinodontiformes 01 (0.67 %). The top five popular species were guppy (13.16 %) followed by goldfish (12.39 %), molly (8.54 %), angelfish (6.23 %), platy (5.93 %). The number of fish species' increasing tendency was 5.96 times in the last 15 years, and 3.31 times in the last ten years. Local farms and aquarists breeders bred 76 varieties under 23 species due to its high demand and profitability. Pricing varied on varieties, species, size, and breeding status (local or abroad), availability, and ranged from BDT 40.00-80,000.00 per pair. According to the findings, aquarium fisheries are highly profitable and will be a potential sector in Bangladesh.
ON THE SOLVABILITY OF THE MONGE – AMPERE EQUATION ON , RELATED TO THE PROBLEM OF DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY
Authors:   Tatyana Aleksandrovna Yuryeva Amur State University, Yuryeva Tatyana Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2021

The paper provides a proof of the closed nature of the solution of a family of Monge –Ampere differential one-parameter equations. The obtained result is used in the study of the unique solvability of the differential equation under study.
THE REACTION-DIFFUSION MODEL OF BACTERIA COMMUNICATION UNDER VARIATION IN THE LAW OF POPULATION GROWTH
Authors:   Shuai Yixuan Amur State University, Yixuan Shuai , Khmelev Alexey Pavlovich ,   Alexey Pavlovich Khmelev Amur State University, Maslovskaya Anna Gennadievna ,   Anna Gennadievna Maslovskaya Amur State University
Published: June 2021

The paper proposes a modification of the mathematical model of the bacterial communication process based on using the law of multiphase dynamics of changes in the microorganisms number. The model is described as an initial-boundary value problem for an evolutionary «reaction – diffusion» equation. An implicit finite-difference scheme is derived for the numerical solution of an applied problem. The results of computational experiments are discussed.
FORMATION OF MG2SI THIN FILMS ON SI (111) AND THEIR RESEARCH BY EOS AND EELS
Authors:   DMITRIY VLADIMIROVICH FOMIN Amur State University, FOMIN DMITRIY VLADIMIROVICH , NOVGORODTSEV NIKITA SERGEEVICH ,   NIKITA SERGEEVICH NOVGORODTSEV Amur State University, STRUKOV DMITRIY OLEGOVICH ,   DMITRIY OLEGOVICH STRUKOV Amur State University, POLYAKOV ALEXEY VYACHESLAVOVICH ,   ALEXEY VYACHESLAVOVICH POLYAKOV Amur State University
Published: June 2021

The paper presents information on the results of the formation of a thin Mg2Si film on a silicon substrate by solid-phase epitaxy in an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber of the PHI model 590 device. There are a number of difficulties in the formation of magnesium silicide films due to the low condensation coefficient and high vapor pressure. Effective methods for the formation of Mg2Si are currently being sought. As a result of our experiment, a thin film was obtained, which was studied in-situ by the method of electron Auger spectroscopy and spectroscopy of characteristic energy losses by electrons. Analysis of the Auger electron spectrum showed the presence of magnesium and silicon atoms in the composition of the formed film. From the analysis of the EELS spectra, it was found that a thin film of silicide magnesium was formed.
Identidade e Nação: o sertão nordestino como retórica social e romanesca
Authors: De Melo Alves Érika Catarina , Farias da Silva Marcos Diallyson
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como base analítica as obras Os Sertões, de Euclides da Cunha, e O Romance da Pedra do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai-e-volta, de Ariano Suassuna. O desenvolvimento desta reflexão demonstra como o realismo do primeiro influencia o imaginário bastante singular do segundo. Para tanto, algumas questões se apresentam como temas imperativos para compreensão destas duas obras, no que elas têm de aproximação e distanciamento, como a noção de identidade e nação. Ao realizar um exercício analítico sobre este espaço geográfico na literatura nacional, é possível delinear perspectivas sociológicas deconstituição de lugares como os sertões que por sua vez, evocam imagens, textos e debates e diferenciadas formas de expressão de identidades e a própria noção de nação.
Faustos Pós-Modernos: conhecimento em rede
Authors: Fonte-Boa Flavio Fonte-Boa
Published: June 2021

O mito de Fausto, o cientista “amaldiçoado” pelo conservadorismo religioso contra seu substitutivo método experimental de acessar o mundo, revela a resistência social à livre circulação de ideias. Residiria no mundo virtual a chave libertadora dos monopolistas do conhecimento? A inovação intelectual em uma dinâmica sem precedentes coloca em xeque as formas tradicionais de transmissão de informação e desafia pesquisadores quanto a construção do conhecimento neste universo colaborativo. Evolutivamente construímos a interação mediada por meio técnico, no qual ocorre a virtualização das relações com a ampliação dos horizontes e a redução da contextualização. As ilusões das novas ferramentas de acesso à informação levam ao entendimento primordial de “conhece-te a ti mesmo” ou ao engodo do “Oráculo de Delfos”. Não sem implicações, investidos de avatares heroicos, navegamos solitariamente pelo virtual coletivamente partilhado, guiados por buscas de certezas que se constroem e se dissolvem aceleradamente.
Estudos Multiespécies: uma breve análise da teoria e de suas aplicações
Authors: Pereira Thais Fernandes
Published: June 2021

Este artigo pretende trazer uma análise dos estudos multiespécies, das teorias às aplicações. Essa literatura pressupõe que as ciências naturais estão longe de ser a única forma de conhecer as vidas de outras espécies. Desse modo, toma para si a observação através da imersão na vida de criaturas antes deixadas às margens dos estudos antropológicos - tais como animais, plantas e fungos - e preocupa-se em entender as relações construídas entre diferentes espécies que se entrelaçam dentro de um mesmo ambiente.
Malandragem e “outra cidade”: representações do Rio de Janeiro nas histórias em quadrinhos do Zé Carioca
Authors: Brum Mário Sérgio Ignácio
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo trata das representações sociais sobre a cidade do Rio, especificamente sobre sua população mais pobre, que habita os morros e periferias da cidade, a partir das histórias em quadrinhos do “Zé Carioca”, personagem dos Estúdios Disney. Para tal, analisamos toda a trajetória de criação e produção do personagem, desde a sua origem dentro do programa de intercâmbio cultural entre Brasil e Estados Unidos na década de 1940, passando pelas diversas fases de publicação dos quadrinhos no Brasil com foco principalmente na produção da década de 1970 em que as visões sobre os hábitos e os cenários do personagem, arquétipo do malandro carioca, são refletidas nas histórias de alcance nacional, que nos servem de exemplo das representações sociais e do universo cultural do período e, dentro dele, do lugar das favelas, da cidade do Rio e dos mais pobres nele, no que analisaremos também algumas visões sobre as favelas e a cidade do Rio.
Novel treatment of dihydrogen sulfide inhalation using hyperbaric oxygen during mass casualty
Authors:   U.S. Navy Medical Corps, Naval Hospital Guam, Price Will D. , Price Stephanie M. , Johnston Mickaila ,   U.S. Navy Medical Corps, Naval Hospital Guam
Published: June 2021

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas produced via breakdown of organic matter. Hydrogen sulfide exposure can cause symptoms ranging in severity from mild effects (dizziness, headache, nausea) to severe lactic acidosis, respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmias and death. Treatment modalities include oral countermeasures and 100% FiO2 with supportive therapy. However, case studies utilizing hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy have been reported with general benefit seen in severe cases of toxicity. In this report, cases of mild to moderate H2S toxicity occurred aboard a U.S. Navy ship, resulting in a mass casualty incident of more than 30 patients. Patient symptoms included dizziness, headaches, nausea, vomiting, and one patient with altered mental status. Most patients’ symptoms resolved after several hours of supportive therapy, but six patients had symptoms refractory to 100% FiO2 at 1 atm. These six patients received HBO2 therapy with a USN Treatment Table 9 after consultation with the local emergency room and hyperbaric assets. Four separate chambers were utilized, including two chambers onboard USN ships and the local explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) chamber. Complete resolution of symptoms in all six patients was achieved within the first breathing period. Patients were monitored after treatment aboard the USN ship medical department. No patients required emergency department care. These cases demonstrate an expanded use of HBO2 to include moderate cases of H2S toxicity refractory to first-line therapy.
Ingestion of food grade hydrogen peroxide with resultant gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: case report and review with emphasis on the therapeutic value of HBO2 in vascular gas embolism
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Orange Regional Medical Center Middletown, New York U.S., Pak Stella , Lee Christopher ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Kettering Medical Center, Kettering, Ohio U.S., Lach Joseph ,   Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio U.S., Ortiz George ,   Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio U.S.
Published: June 2021

A 52-year-old male accidentally ingested approximately 100 mL of 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting in the sudden onset of gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms. Non-contrast abdominal CT revealed extensive portal venous gas and gastric pneumatosis. The patient was treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy which resulted in complete resolution of symptoms. The case highlights the therapeutic value of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of vascular gas embolism and mitigation of concentrated H2O2 ingestion toxicity.
Determinants of COVID-19 Case and Death Rates: An Ecological Study
Authors: Mouhayyar Christopher El , Jaber Luke T. , Bergmann Matthias , Jaber Bertrand
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
has had a variable worldwide impact, likely related to country-level
characteristics. In this ecological study, we explored the association
of COVID-19 case rates (per 100,000 people) and death rates (per 100,000
people) with country-level population health characteristics, economic
and human development indicators, and habitat-related variables.
Methods: To calculate country-level COVID-19 case and death
rates, the number of cases and deaths were extracted from the Johns
Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center for 2020. Country-level population
health characteristics, economic and human development indicators, and
habitat-related variables were extracted from several publicly available
online sources of international organizations. Results were tabulated
according to world zones and country economies. Univariate and
multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine
determinants of COVID-19 case rates and death rates. Results: A
total of 187 countries and territories were analyzed, with an aggregate
COVID-19 case rate of 779 per 100,000 people, a death rate of 19 per
100,000 people, and a case-fatality rate of 2.4%. For country-level
population health characteristics, a higher percentage rate of adults
with obesity and a higher percentage rate of adults with high blood
pressure was independently associated with a higher COVID-19 case rate,
and a higher percentage rate of adults with obesity was associated with
a higher COVID-19 death rate. For country-level economic and human
development indicators, only a higher gross domestic product percentage
rate spent on total health expenditure and a higher human development
index was independently associated with a higher COVID-19 case rate and
death rate. A higher percentage of urban population was independently
associated with a higher COVID-19 death rate, whereas a higher income
per capita was independently associated with a lower COVID-19 death
rate. For country-level habitat-related variables, a higher average
household size and a higher percentage rate of population with primary
reliance on polluting fuels and technologies was independently
associated with a lower COVID-19 case rate and death rate whereas a
higher percentage rate of households with at least one-member age 65
years or over was associated with a higher case rate and death rates.
Conclusion: This ecological study informs the need to develop
country-specific public health interventions to better target
populations at high risk for COVID-19, and test environmental
interventions to prevent indoor transmission of SARS-CoV-2, taking into
consideration population health characteristics, economic and human
development indicators, and habitat-related variables that are unique to
each country.
Private Investigations and Self-Disclosure of Suspected Fraud: Experimental Evidence on Forensic Accounting Services
Authors: Friedrich Christian
Published: June 2021

When a company internally suspects material fraud, it faces difficult choices. It can choose to investigate internally or engage an external specialist. Additionally, it can choose to disclose the investigation or take the risk that the investigation is leaked to the public. I analyze whether the choice to engage an external specialist, rather than investigate internally, changes investors' willingness to invest in the company. I argue that, when engaging external specialists, disclosure choices matter. Conceptualizing the engagement of external specialists as an external credibility signal, I hypothesize that, when engaging external specialists, self-disclosure increases investors' willingness to invest compared to when the press reveals the investigation. Results from a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment with 128 non-professional investors support my hypothesis. This suggests that aligning a signal of credible investigation efforts with forthcoming disclosure could be beneficial. Hence, companies conducting genuine investigations could benefit from resisting temptation of nondisclosure.