bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resource Utilization in Patients with Bisphosphonate - Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Authors: Ibrahem Dr. Hajer Ibrahem , Najm Dr. Mohammed Suhail , Treister Dr. Nathaniel S. , Solomon Dr. Daniel H.
Published: August 2022

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) is an emerging oralcomplication that occur secondary to cancer therapy in approximately 5% of cancerpatients that are treated with high dosages of intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates andcan be associated with significant health-care associated costs.A retrospective electronic medical record based on review of ninety-four cancerpatients with BONJ. All health care related resources were abstracted using astructured chart abstraction tool, including medications, imaging, pathology,procedures, and visits. Standardized references were used to assign costs.The median cost of a case of BONJ in our cohort was $1,546 (interquartile rangefrom $869-$3,166). Medication costs comprise 48%, visits 23%, procedures 16%,imaging 10% and pathology 2%. The major contributing factors that affect BONJtreatment cost were long term medication and follow up visitsLong term medication, sequestrectomy and debridement are a bit expensive butcould be a part of evidence-based successful clinical outcome. The cost of BONJtreatment is modest compared with the cost of cancer care.
Pedagogical design
Authors: Kondrashova Lidia , Chuvasova Nataliia , Kondrashov Mykola , Chuvasov Mykhailo , Kondrashova Katerina , Volkova Nataliia
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the possibilities of pedagogical design as an important methodological resource for implementing the strategy for improving the quality of training future specialists for the chosen profession. Based on the analysis of the scientific achievements of domestic and foreign authors, the essence, content, structure, ways of implementing pedagogical design are concretized, which has a positive effect on the effectiveness of training future specialists for professional activity. The practical significance of it in updating the content, forms, methods, means of training students, ensuring the quality of higher education, is substantiated. Pedagogical design is represented by a model of specific pedagogical actions to achieve the planned result of the educational process, predicting the decision-making process to optimize teaching methods and tools in order to achieve planned changes in knowledge, skills and abilities, taking into account the specifics of the content of training future specialists for professional activity.
COYUNTURAS, NARRATIVAS Y MITOLOGÍAS CONTEMPORÁNEAS: Columnas editoriales y discursos de 2021
Authors: Avelar González Francisco Javier
Published: August 2022

Este volumen es el más reciente de una serie que llega ya a cinco, que recogen discursos del rector de la UAA. Los textos recopilados tienen en común ideas importantes que están en el corazón de la misión de una universidad. Algunas de esas ideas pertenecen al ámbito del conocimiento del mundo o, si se quiere, de la verdad: el lugar de la investigación y la libre discusión de las ideas para su búsqueda; la posibilidad de distinguir los conocimientos sólidos de los carentes de sustento; el valor de la razón frente al sentimiento como criterio de verdad, etc. Otras ideas corresponden al ámbito del deber ser social o si se prefiere, del bien: la superioridad ética de la solidaridad versus el egoísmo; de la igualdad frente a la desigualdad; del respeto de los diferentes y la inclusión frente a la intolerancia y la discriminación; de la apertura a otras ideas sobre el sectarismo; o de la democracia sobre el autoritarismo.
KONTRIBUSI SENI RUPA SEBAGAI DISPLIN ILMU DALAM ISLAM DENGAN AFTERLIFE MAPPING
Authors: Parhan Muhamad , Sukma Eka Nur Lia , Nugraha Fikri Ilham , Asofah Indri , George Julia Relita , Utama Karyana Tri
Published: August 2022

Fine art is a branch of art that is expressed through visual or visual media that is in close contact with everyday life. However, when the development of science is increasing, there appears a significant gap between art and disciplines in Islam. Whereas art has a very large portion in religion which shows visuals of events in the world and divine signs. The research method uses a qualitative approach by collecting a simple survey of Muslim students or artists in Bandung with an age range of 18-21 years which is carried out online using Google Form. The results show that the contribution of art as a discipline in Islam with afterlife mapping requires an effort to reconstruct educational thinking in order to anticipate any changes that occur: first, what artistic contributions are produced by Muslim artists/students at this time; secondly, do not assume that art makes art performers away from Islamic principles, because this is just a stereotype; Third, make a plan with the contribution you have for the afterlife.
Characterization of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia: increasing incidence and prognostic implications
Authors: Nilsson Christer , Linde Fredrika , Hulegårdh Erik , Garelius Hege , Lazarevic Vladimir , Antunovic Petar , Cammenga Jörg , Deneberg Stefan , Eriksson Anna , Jädersten Martin , Björkvall Cecilia Kämpe , Möllgård Lars , Wennström Lovisa , Ölander Emma , Höglund Martin , Juliusson Gunnar , Lehmann Sören
Published: August 2022

Studies of therapy-related AML (t-AML) are usually performed in selected cohorts and reliable incidence rates are lacking. In this study, we characterized, defined the incidence over time and studied prognostic implications in all t-AML patients diagnosed in Sweden between 1997 and 2015. Data were retrieved from nationwide population-based registries. In total, 6,779 AML patients were included in the study, of whom 686 (10%) had t-AML. The median age for t-AML was 71 years and 392 (57%) patients were females. During the study period, the incidence of t-AML almost doubled with a yearly increase in t-AML of 4.5% (95% confidence interval: 2.8%-6.2%), which contributed significantly to the general increase in AML incidence over the study period. t-AML solidly constituted over 10% of all AML cases during the later period of the study. Primary diagnoses with the largest increase in incidence and decrease in mortality rate during the study period (i.e., breast and prostate cancer) contributed significantly to the increased incidence of t-AML. In multivariable analysis, t-AML was associated with poorer outcome in cytogenetically intermediate- and adverse-risk cases but t-AML had no significant impact on outcome in favorable-risk AML, including core binding leukemias, acute promyelocytic leukemia and AML with mutated NPM1 without FLT3-ITD. We conclude that there is a strong increase in incidence in t-AML over time and that t-AML constitutes a successively larger proportion of the AML cases. Furthermore, we conclude that t-AML confers a poor prognosis in cytogenetically intermediate- and adverse-risk, but not in favorable-risk AML.
Sohibul Hikayat: Text, Context, and Defense
Authors: Rohim  , Purwaningsih  , Dea Letriana Cesaria  , Nanda Saputra
Published: August 2022

Sohibul Hikayat is a traditional art of speech performance presented by storytellers from the Betawi region who came from the Middle East. Therefore, the stories told in Sohibul Hikayat, among others, came from Persia, such as One Thousand and One Nights, Nurul Laila, and Alfu Lail wal Lail. The storyteller is presented in the form of prose, and even some rhymes are inserted, there are no specific scenes or humorous characters, such as in wayang, mask, or lenong. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the text, context, and survival of Sohibul Hikayat's oral tradition in the community by making efforts to protect Sohibul Hikayat's wealth as a national asset from extinction, documenting Sohibul Hikayat as an effort to preserve, study in the form of analysis and grouping Sohibul Hikayat status. The stories in Sohibul Hikayat often combine fictitious stories and true stories. The combination of these two types of stories aims to educate and convey the moral message to the listeners. Interesting stories accompanied by interludes of humor in it are also a special entertainment for connoisseurs Sohibul Hikayat. The story of Sohibul Hikayat has many values that can be drawn from the moral meaning and entertainment, this oral literature should be introduced back into society.
Morphometric Measurement of Pterygium with Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography and Relationship with Astigmatism
Authors: Yoon Sumin , Na Miri , Eom Youngsub , Kim Hyo Myung , Song Jong Suk
Published: August 2022

Purpose: We used anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to measure the pterygial subepithelial invasion length and thickness before and after surgery, and to evaluate the corneal epithelium and the extent of astigmatism.Methods: This was a retrospective study. Ten eyes that underwent pterygial excision surgery were analyzed. We used corneal topographic data to assess astigmatism before surgery and employed AS-OCT to measure corneal epithelial thickness and the length of subepithelial invasion. We measured the relative pterygial length, width, and area on anterior segment photographs. Corneal topographic assessment and AS-OCT were repeated 1 month after surgery. Multiple regression and Pearson correlation analyses were used to analyze the relationships between normalization of astigmatism and the size and thickness of the excised pterygium.Results: The mean With-the-Rule proportion of preoperative astigmatism was 2.9 ± 2.3 D and the mean corneal epithelial thickness 269.60 ± 84.17 µm. The mean thickness of the excised pterygia was 210.73 ± 80.36 µm. Pterygial thickness was significantly associated with the extent of preoperative With-the-Rule astigmatism and the normalized With-the-Rule astigmatism after pterygial excision. These correlations were stronger than those of the relative pterygial length, width, and area. The mean subepithelial invasion length was 595.00 ± 310.32 µm.Conclusions: An increase in pterygial epithelial thickness influenced the extent of With-the-Rule astigmatism to a much greater extent than did the relative pterygial length, width, and area. AS-OCT measurement of the subepithelial invasion length identifies the required excisional area prior to surgery.
The Long-term Outcomes of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion and Factors Associated with Resolution of Macular Edema
Authors: Song Mi Yeon , Kim Jong Woo , Kim Chul Gu , Kim Jae Hui
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To report the long-term outcomes of patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and to explore the ME incidence and factors associated with ME resolution.Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with ME secondary to CRVO. The visual acuity at baseline was compared to that at the final visit. The incidence and timing of ME resolution during treatment were evaluated and the visual outcomes of patients who did and did not experience ME resolution were compared. We also identified factors predictive of ME resolution.Results: We included 79 patients; the mean follow-up time was 50.1 ± 14.3 months. The mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) of visual acuity was 0.94 ± 0.75 at diagnosis and 1.00 ± 0.84 at the final visit (p = 1.000). A logMAR visual loss of 0.3 or greater was noted in 28 patients (35.4%). During follow-up, ME resolution was evident in 40 eyes (50.6%) at a mean of 16.9 ± 17.4 months. Visual improvement was greater in patients who evidenced ME resolution than in those who did not (p < 0.001). The ME resolution rate was higher in patients younger than 60 years (p = 0.039) and in those who lacked subretinal fluid at diagnosis (p < 0.001).Conclusions: In patients with ME secondary to CRVO, the risk of long-term recurrent ME was higher in older patients and those evidencing subretinal fluid at diagnosis indicating that such patients require close follow-up and aggressive treatment.
A Case of Combination Therapy of IFN-β1b and Mitomycin-C on Recurred Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Authors: Lee Jun Kyu , Son Bo Kwon , Jin Kyung Hyun
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To report a case of combination therapy with interferon β1b (IFN-β1b) and mitomycin-C (MMC) for recurrent ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN).Case summary: A 72-year-old female presented with a white mass at the medial conjunctiva of the right eye. A gelatinous, nodular white lesion was observed near the medial limbus of the right eye. On histological examination, it was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma in situ. A white nodule was found at the resection site 1 year after the resection. IFN-β1b (1 mIU/mL) and 0.02% MMC were administered daily with a diagnosis of recurrent OSSN. IFN-β1b was instilled four times a day for 1 month, while MMC was instilled four times a day for 4 weeks. After 1 month of the combination treatment, the lesion disappeared. MMC was stopped, while IFN-β1b was reduced to twice daily instillation, maintained for 1 month, and then stopped. On examination 12 months after discontinuation of the combination treatment, there were no recurrences or drug-related complications.Conclusions: Combination therapy with IFN-β1b and MMC for recurrent OSSN after surgical resection was relatively safe with no major complications.
Development of Toxoplasma gondii Chinese I genotype Wh6 Strain in Cat Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Zhao Guihua , Zhang Lixin , Dai Lisha , Xu Haozhi , Xu Chao , Xiao Ting , Li Jun , Sun Hui , Zhou Beibei , Yin Kun
Published: August 2022

Felids are the unique definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii. The intestine of felid is the only site for initiating Toxoplasma gondii sexual reproduction. T. gondii excretes millions of infectious oocysts from the intestine, which are the primary source of infection. There are many difficulties in developing vaccines and drugs to control oocyst excretion due to the lack of an appropriate experimental model. Here, we established an in vitro feline intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) infection system and an efficient animal model of T. gondii Chinese 1 genotype, Wh6 strain (TgCtwh6). The Kunming mice brain tissues containing TgCtwh6 cysts were harvested 42-day post-infection. The bradyzoites were co-cultured with cat IECs in vitro at a ratio of 1:10. Five 3-month-old domestic cats were orally inoculated with 600 cysts each. The oocysts were detected by daily observation of cat feces by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. We found that the parasite adhered and invaded cat IECs in vitro, transformed into tachyzoites, and then divided to form rose-like structures. These parasites eventually destroyed host cells, escaped, and finished the asexual reproduction process. Schizonts associated with sexual reproduction have not been observed during development in vitro cultured cells. However, schizonts were detected in all infected cat intestinal epithelial cells, and oocysts were presented in all cat feces. Our study provides a feasible cell model and an efficient infection system for the following studies of T. gondii sexual reproduction, and also lays a foundation to develop drugs and vaccines for blocking excretion and transmission of oocysts.
Morphological Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Laelapin Mite Species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from China
Authors: Yang Huijuan , Yang Zhihua , Dong Wenge
Published: August 2022

Laelapinae mites are involved in transmission of microbial diseases between wildlife and humans, with an impact on public health. In this study, 5 mite members in the subfamily Laelapinae (laelapin mites; LM) were morphologically identified by light microscopy, and the phylogenetic relationship of LM was analyzed in combination with the sequence information of part of the LM cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene. The morphological identification revealed that 5 mites belonged to the genera Laelaps and Haemolaelaps, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the ratio of non-synonymous mutation rate to synonymous mutation rate of LM was less than 1, indicating that the LM cox1 gene had undergone purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Laelapinae is a monophyletic group. The genera Haemolaelaps and Hyperlaelaps did not separated into distinct clades but clustered together with species of the genus Laelaps. Our morphological and molecular analyses to describe the phylogenetic relationships among different genera and species of Laelapinae provide a reference for the improvement and revision of the LM taxonomy system.
Comparative Assessment of Diagnostic Performance of Cytochrome Oxidase Multiplex PCR and 18S rRNA Nested PCR
Authors: Kumari Preeti , Sinha Swati , Gahtori Renuka , Quadiri Afshana , Mahale Paras , Savargaonkar Deepali , Pande Veena , Srivastava Bina , Singh Himmat , Anvikar Anupkumar R
Published: August 2022

Malaria elimination and control require prompt and accurate diagnosis for treatment plan. Since microscopy and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) are not sensitive particularly for diagnosing low parasitemia, highly sensitive diagnostic tools are required for accurate treatment. Molecular diagnosis of malaria is commonly carried out by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 18S rRNA gene, while this technique involves long turnaround time and multiple steps leading to false positive results. To overcome these drawbacks, we compared highly sensitive cytochrome oxidase gene-based single-step multiplex reaction with 18S rRNA nested PCR. Cytochrome oxidase (cox) genes of P. falciparum (cox-III) and P. vivax (cox-I) were compared with 18S rRNA gene nested PCR and microscopy. Cox gene multiplex PCR was found to be highly specific and sensitive, enhancing the detection limit of mixed infections. Cox gene multiplex PCR showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97%. This approach can be used as an alternative diagnostic method as it offers higher diagnostic performance and is amenable to high throughput scaling up for a larger sample size at low cost.
The Contradictory Phenomena: Development of a New Life and a Life-Threatening Illness: Colorectal Cancer in Pregnancy
Authors: Kyriakos Saad Melissa , Hajj Imad , Saikaly Elias
Published: August 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and lethal disease. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of CRC, with different incidence and mortality rates around the world. Geographic differences appear to be attributable to exposures that are superimposed on a background of genetically determined susceptibility. Globally, CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the third in females, with 1.8 million new cases and approximately 861,000 deaths in 2018, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Epidemiologically, it is a disease of the middle-aged and elderly. However, it may occur in young patients, presenting with an aggressive biological behaviour and poor prognosis. Among this young age group are childbearing women, with CRC in pregnancy being rarely diagnosed and reported. Its diagnosis is a challenge to the unaware and, once diagnosed, management options are limited. This study aims to elucidate the presentation, diagnosis, anatomical location, pathogenesis, and treatment options of CRC in pregnancy.
Financing of critical infrastructure in Ukraine
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, KUDRJASHOV Vasyl
Published: August 2022

The analysis of financial provision of critical infrastructure in Ukraine has been carried out. It is determined that the infrastructure facilities are owned both by a state and by private enterprises or have a mixed form of management. And their financing must take into account the imperatives of economic, social and political development of our country, as well as the challenges and risks associated with hostilities and martial law. It is substantiated that the financial provision of infrastructure in Ukraine is carried out using different sources and using a whole set of mechanisms and tools. The sources include assets of enterprises, budget funds, resources raised from financial markets, funds of foreign investors and other investments. The methods of financial support of infrastructure projects in Ukraine are revealed, which include placement of corporate rights by enterprises, use of state and local budgets, resources obtained on the basis of borrowings, as well as pooling of funds of public and private sectors. Mechanisms and tools for providing such financing methods are identified. The dynamics of capital investments in our country have been analyzed. It has been concluded that the majority of them fall on public and private enterprises. It is noted that in addition to direct participation in financing the infrastructure, the state supports such projects through public procurement, subsidies, tax breaks, and the use of state benefits. guarantees. The issues of using the mechanisms of co-financing of infrastructure used on the basis of public-private partnership agreements are revealed. Measures to implement such activities include the conclusion of concession agreements, property management agreements, as well as the acceptance of investment commitments by private partners. Measures of state support of PPP are applied. At the same time, it has been noted that their potential for financial support of infrastructure projects is not sufficiently used in Ukraine.
Features of tax harmonization in the European Union in conditions of turbulence
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, DESIATNIUK Oksana , TKACHYK Fedir ,   West Ukrainian National University, MARCHENKO Lyudmyla ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: August 2022

The topic of transforming financial regulation and balancing fiscal and distributive functions of taxes is becoming crucial in the conditions of martial law and expanding destabilization of social and economic development of Ukraine, on the one hand, and diffusion of political disharmony when choosing priority economic decisions in the European Union, on the other. The chosen worldview direction of social progress and strategic goal of Ukraine's economic development in modern conditions is the integration of our country into the European space, which includes the gradual adjustment of the national tax system and domestic tax legislation in line with EU requirements and standards. The aim of the article is to substantiate the current trends of tax harmonization in the European Union and identify its risks and effects on the development of national economies. The paper examines the main theoretical determinants of tax harmonization in the European Union. The authors devote significant attention to the substantiation of retrospective and modern features of harmonization of direct and indirect taxation in the EU. The effects and risks of tax policy implementation in the EU member states have been monitored, and emphasis is placed on contradictory aspects of tax harmonization in the EU. The paper presents a systematization of measures that can ensure a positive impact of tax policy on the activities of business entities, financial and economic development of the state in the time of war and in the postwar period, and European-oriented development of Ukraine. The key argument for Ukraine's European choice is the chance to not only elevate various spheres of public life to high European standards of development, but also to preserve its national identity through the collective system protecting the tax sovereignty of EU member states. Prospects for further research include the features of tax policy transformation of the Ukrainian regions towards the pragmatic implementation seen in the European Union.
Critical analysis of regulatory and legal support of accounting at green energy enterprises of Ukraine
Authors:   SHEE “Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman”, TYMOSHENKO Kateryna
Published: August 2022

In the current state of Ukraine's martial law, the issue of energy autonomy is becoming extremely important, and renewable energy, especially solar, is one of the key tools in achieving this goal. An important role in stimulating the creation of new solar power plants, as well as the most productive activities of existing ones, is played by the proper regulatory and methodological support of accounting at SPP. The current legislative provision of cost accounting and costing of electricity generation do not provide adequate coverage of significant industry specifics, which is the cause of distortion of accounting data and production costs. The expediency of updating the current legislation, which will be aimed at developing guidelines for accounting in this area, which in turn will ensure the unification of approaches to methodology and methods of accounting for solar power plants, promote effective and efficient management of resources of economic entities; reasonable volumes of electricity generation, which will be necessary for optimal profitability of production.
Entrepreneurial pillar of the healthcare system: prerequisites for reform and development
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, RIEPINA Inna , SHAPRAN Oleksandr ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: August 2022

Introduction. In the conditions of COVID-dependent socio-economic space, martial law, energy and economic crisis threats, it is important to support and ensure resistance to challenges, search for new opportunities for business initiatives, in particular for the health care system of Ukraine. Problem Statement. In the process of reforming the health care system of Ukraine, in addition to changes in the eco-environment of medical organizations, the medical sector has faced a number of crises which are the trigger for the implementation of a radically new approach to conducting business. The use of an entrepreneurial pillar will lay the foundation for the implementation and management of strategic changes in the medical sector. The purpose of the article is to determine the prerequisites for reforming the health care system of Ukraine and the inertial direction of its development in modern economic conditions. Materials and methods. In the process of writing the article, methods of general scientific, empirical and theoretical knowledge were used. They found their place in considering the historical stage of the health care system, providing comparative characteristics, the analysis of current eco-environment situation and so on. Results. The article considers the goals of the health care system and its relevance at the macro, meso- and micro levels, archaic formation and historical formation of the preconditions for the formation of the modern health care system of Ukraine, as well as prospects for its development. An analysis of the world health care systems, comparative characteristics, opportunities and threats of their use. Emphasis is placed on current trends and expertly predicted changes in the living environment of society, its service sector and producers, which require special attention in the areas of nature protection, life and health of the population of each country. The existing pillars and the mechanism of leverage control to influence the blocks of internal goals of the organization, within the implementation of the external goal of the world approved by the WHO, and the block of consumer needs are emphasized. The importance of further direction of reform and ways of flexible response in the conditions of existential challenges of the ecological environment is substantiated. Conclusions. Healthcare facilities in Ukraine need to introduce an established pattern - organizational and management mechanism - for the efficient use of financial resources and strategic development.
STUDIES ON THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF PLANT HOST ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA AND PASTEURIA PENETRANS AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT HARVESTING DATES
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Gowen Simon R. , Burhan Muhammad
Published: August 2022

There were strong interactions between plant-hosts and Pasteuria (P0.01) on numbers of eggmasses, root galling and numbers of eggs/eggmass produced by females of Meloidogyne javanica after 422, 595 and 767 degree days after first, second and third harvests. The presence and absence of the biocontrol agent (Pasteuria penetrans) in the treatments influenced these parameters and it was also influenced by plant hosts. After the first harvest, there were significant differences in the above-mentioned parameters between P. penetrans and control treatments (P0.01). There was lesser root galling (3.13) in the treatments where P. penetrans was applied compared with untreated control (5.53). Plant hosts also differed significantly in root galling (P0.01) and the interaction between plant-host and Pasteuria was non-significant (P0.05). After the second harvest, there were significant differences between Pasteuria and control treatments in these parameters. Plant-hosts differed significantly in numbers of eggmasses and root galling (P0.01) and there was no interaction between plant-host and Pasteuria (P0.05) regarding eggmasses and root galling. After the third harvest, there were significant differences between Pasteuria and control treatments in the production of eggmasses (P0.01), root galling, and the number of eggs/eggmass (P0.01). There were fewer eggmasses (379) and lesser galling (5.1) in the treatments where P. penetrans was applied. Plant-hosts differed significantly in numbers of eggmasses and root galling (P0.01). However, there was no interaction between plant-host and Pasteuria (P0.05) regarding eggmasses and root galling. Contrarily, a significant interaction between plant-hosts and Pasteuria (P0.01) and greater numbers of eggs were observed among females developed on tomato in the presence (385) and absence (629) of Pasteuria. The rate of parasitism of M. javanica was very low and there was no P. penetrans infection after 422-degree days as neither vegetative stages nor mature endospores were observed in females.  After 595-degree days, few females were observed having vegetative stages of the bacterium. The parasitism of females was only observed though very low after 767-degree days and females reared on okra were infected in greater numbers than those reared on tomato and eggplant.
DETERMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS WITH STRIPE RUST IN WHEAT
Authors: Afzal Amir , Ijaz Muhammad , Ashraf Sharmin , Nawaz Hafiz Hasnain , Iqbal Javed , Altaf Rubab , Syed Sairah
Published: August 2022

Changes in climate scenario affect natural conditions in farming system, hence affect plant pests and diseases development. Universally, adverse effects of climate changes namely failing the ecosystem apparatuses that control the balance of plant pests and diseases, failing the plant resistance and the development of environmental situation supportive plant pests and diseases growth in general. The disposed cultivars and favorable ecological circumstances play part towards rust diseases in epidemic form. In this study meteorological data and disease incidence data were correlated to establish relationship between environmental variables and stripe rust development. Linear correlation was established among minimum and maximum air temperature and development of rust was positive. Impact of relative humidity could not be assessed because variation in range between minimum and maximum mean relative humidity remained non-significant during the period under study. However, data generated seems insufficient to conclude authentic result to determine the role of relative humidity in stripe rust development. Three genotypes having different responses against stripe rust were studied to correlate the response of yellow rust with epidemiological factors (temperature, relative moisture, and precipitation). Impact of meteorological factors indicated that environment significantly affected disease incidence and severity of yellow rust through its impact on development rate of the pathogen. Same cultivars responded differentially under unlike meteorological conditions.
Surveying the Genetic Design Space for Transcription Factor-Based Metabolite Biosensors: Synthetic Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Propionate Biosensors in E. coli Nissle 1917
Authors: Lebovich Matthew , Andrews Lauren B.
Published: August 2022

Engineered probiotic bacteria have been proposed as a next-generation strategy for noninvasively detecting biomarkers in the gastrointestinal tract and interrogating the gut-brain axis. A major challenge impeding the implementation of this strategy has been the difficulty to engineer the necessary whole-cell biosensors. Creation of transcription factor-based biosensors in a clinically-relevant strain often requires significant tuning of the genetic parts and gene expression to achieve the dynamic range and sensitivity required. Here, we propose an approach to efficiently engineer transcription-factor based metabolite biosensors that uses a design prototyping construct to quickly assay the gene expression design space and identify an optimal genetic design. We demonstrate this approach using the probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) and two neuroactive gut metabolites: the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the short-chain fatty acid propionate. The EcN propionate sensor, utilizing the PrpR transcriptional activator from E. coli, has a large 59-fold dynamic range and >500-fold increased sensitivity that matches biologically-relevant concentrations. Our EcN GABA biosensor uses the GabR transcriptional repressor from Bacillus subtilis and a synthetic GabR-regulated promoter created in this study. This work reports the first known synthetic microbial whole-cell biosensor for GABA, which has an observed 138-fold activation in EcN at biologically-relevant concentrations. Using this rapid design prototyping approach, we engineer highly functional biosensors for specified in vivo metabolite concentrations that achieve a large dynamic range and high output promoter activity upon activation. This strategy may be broadly useful for accelerating the engineering of metabolite biosensors for living diagnostics and therapeutics.
Efficient removal of mercury and chromium from wastewater via biochar fabricated with steel slag: Performance and mechanisms
Authors: Wang Huabin , Duan Ran , Zhou Xinquan , Wang Jia , Liu Ying , Xu Rui , Liao Zhuwei
Published: August 2022

Biochar derived from biomass is regarded as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment, but the high cost of modification is still a challenge for its large-scale practical applications. In this study, we employed steel slag as a low-cost fabricant and synthesized hydrothermally carbonized steel slag (HCSS), as a stable environmentally functional material for heavy metal removal. Typically, positively and negatively charged heavy metal contaminants of Hg2+ and Cr2O72− were employed to testify the performance of HCSS as an adsorbent, and good capacities [(283.24 mg/g for Hg (II) and 323.16 mg/g for Cr (VI)] were found. The feasibility of HCSS on real wastewater purification was also evaluated, as the removal efficiency was 94.11% and 88.65% for Hg (II) and Cr (VI), respectively. Mechanism studies revealed that the modification of steel slag on bio-adsorbents offered copious active sites for pollutants. As expected, oxygen-containing functional groups in HCSS acted as the main contributor to adsorption capacity. Moreover, some reactive iron species (i.e., Fe2+) played an essential role in chemical reduction of Cr (VI). The adsorptive reactions were pH-dependent, owing to other more mechanisms, such as coprecipitation, ion-exchange, and electrostatic attraction. This promising recycling approach of biomass waste and the design of agro-industrial byproducts can be highly suggestive of the issues of resource recovery in the application of solid waste-derived environmentally functional materials for heavy metal remediation.
Comparative investigation of the structural characteristics of tobacco stalk lignin during the DES and alkaline deconstruction toward sustainable materials
Authors: Wang Na , Wang Bo , Si Hui , Hu Suxia , Chen Lin , Liao Yu , Wang Lei , Zhang Yifan , Jiang Jungang
Published: August 2022

Lignin polymer as a natural aromatic macromolecule presents significant prospects in producing functional and sustainable materials, and achieving a comprehensive characterization will facilitate their target valorization. In the present study, deep eutectic solvent (DES) and alkaline delignification were adopted to deconstruct tobacco stalk before and after hydrothermal pretreatment, obtaining diverse lignin fractions with fascinating characteristics. DES lignin exhibited a higher yield and homogenous molecular structure than MWL. A severe cleavage of the inter-unit linkages in lignin was also observed. This result mostly originated from the efficient delignification of the DES deconstruction system adopted. Moreover, all the recovered lignin fractions exhibited good micro-nanoparticle size that can enhance the valorization of lignin in nanomaterial production, in which the hydrothermal-assisted DES deconstruction promoted the formation of the smaller lignin nanoparticle size. Next, all the recovered lignin presented an excellent UV absorption and structure-related absorption performance or thermal properties. Overall, this work provides an important foundation for further exploiting DES/alkaline delignification lignin that can be applied as an ideal feedstock for producing sustainable functional or micro/nanomaterials.
The Seepage Tensor of the Multiparameter Model of Pipe Element in Fractured Rock Mass
Authors: Junqi Wang , Ziyan Wang , Xiaoting Wei
Published: August 2022

Based on the measured fracture production of the rock body in the field, the disc fracture hypothesis is used to generate three groups of fractures to form a fracture network by the Monte-Carlo method. The three-dimensional fracture network is simplified into a spatial one-dimensional pipe element model based on the hypothesis of water channel flow in the fractures, and the equivalent pipe diameter of the pipe element is considered to be linearly related to the fracture width. The equivalent permeability tensor is obtained by using a genetic algorithm to obtain the ratio of the equivalent pipe diameter to aperture size for each group of fissures, and compared with the equivalent permeability tensor obtained by the overall single-parameter model and direct algorithm. In comparison with the measured permeability tensor, it is concluded that the multiparameter model can better characterize the permeability tensor than the single-parameter model.
Biomaterials constructed for MSC-derived extracellular vesicle loading and delivery—a promising method for tissue regeneration
Authors: Lu Yu , Yang Yu , Liu Shiyu , Ge Shaohua
Published: August 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become the preferred seed cells for tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, due to their immunogenicity and tumorigenicity, MSC transplantation remains questionable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs are becoming a promising substitute for MSCs. As a route of the MSC paracrine, EVs have a nano-sized and bilayer lipid-enclosed structure, which can guarantee the integrity of their cargoes, but EVs cannot obtain full function in vivo because of the rapid biodegradation and clearance by phagocytosis. To improve the efficacy and targeting of EVs, methods have been proposed and put into practice, especially engineered vesicles and EV-controlled release systems. In particular, EVs can be cell or tissue targeting because they have cell-specific ligands on their surfaces, but their targeting ability may be eliminated by the biodegradation of the phagocytic system during circulation. Novel application strategies have been proposed beyond direct injecting. EV carriers such as biodegradable hydrogels and other loading systems have been applied in tissue regeneration, and EV engineering is also a brand-new method for higher efficacy. In this review, we distinctively summarize EV engineering and loading system construction methods, emphasizing targeting modification methods and controlled release systems for EVs, which few literature reviews have involved.
NFYA promotes the anti-tumor effects of gluconeogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma through the regulation of PCK1 expression
Authors: Tsujimoto Goki , Ito Rin , Yoshikawa Kei , Ueki Chihiro , Okada Nobuhiro
Published: August 2022

Reprogramming of glucose metabolism occurs in many human tumor types, and one of these, gluconeogenesis, is known to exhibit anti-tumor effects in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The transcription factor NFYA regulates gluconeogenesis in the normal liver tissue, but the function of the NFYA-gluconeogenesis axis in cancer and the functional differences of NFYA splicing variants in the regulation of gluconeogenesis is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that NFYAv2, the short-form variant, upregulates the transcription of a gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1. We further reveal that its regulation induces high ROS levels and energy crisis in HCC and promotes cell death. These indicate that the NFYAv2-gluconeogenesis axis has enhanced anti-tumor effects in HCC, suggesting that the axis may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC. Furthermore, Nfyav1-deficient mice, spontaneously overexpressing Nfyav2, had no increasing gluconeogenesis in the liver. Taken together, our results reveal NFYAv2-gluconeogenesis axis has anti-tumor effects and the potential for NFYAv2 to be a safer therapeutic target for HCC.
The mechanism of berberine alleviating metabolic disorder based on gut microbiome
Authors: Wang Han , Zhang Haiyu , Gao Zezheng , Zhang Qiqi , Gu Chengjuan
Published: August 2022

With socioeconomic advances and improved living standards, metabolic syndrome has increasingly come into the attention. In recent decades, a growing number of studies have shown that the gut microbiome and its metabolites are closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases, and play an important role that cannot be ignored, for instance, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease and others. The correlation between gut microbiota and metabolic disorder has been widely recognized. Metabolic disorder could cause imbalance in gut microbiota, and disturbance of gut microbiota could aggravate metabolic disorder as well. Berberine (BBR), as a natural ingredient, plays an important role in the treatment of metabolic disorder. Studies have shown that BBR can alleviate the pathological conditions of metabolic disorders, and the mechanism is related to the regulation of gut microbiota: gut microbiota could regulate the absorption and utilization of berberine in the body; meanwhile, the structure and function of gut microbiota also changed after intervention by berberine. Therefore, we summarize relevant mechanism research, including the expressions of nitroreductases-producing bacteria to promote the absorption and utilization of berberine, strengthening intestinal barrier function, ameliorating inflammation regulating bile acid signal pathway and axis of bacteria-gut-brain. The aim of our study is to clarify the therapeutic characteristics of berberine further and provide the theoretical basis for the regulation of metabolic disorder from the perspective of gut microbiota.
A novel approach to screening and managing the urinary tract infections suspected sample in the general human population
Authors: Szmulik Magdalena , Trześniewska-Ofiara Zuzanna , Mendrycka Mariola , Woźniak-Kosek Agnieszka
Published: August 2022

Background

Automated urine technology providing standard urinalysis data can be used to support clinicians in screening and managing a UTI-suspected sample. Fully automated urinalysis systems have expanded in laboratory practice. Commonly used were devices based on digital imaging with automatic particle recognition, which expresses urinary sediment results on an ordinal scale. There were introduced fluorescent flow cytometry analyzers reporting all parameters quantitatively. There is a need to harmonize the result and support comparing bacteria and WBC qualitative versus semiquantitative results.

Methods

A total of 1,131 urine samples were analyzed on both automated urinalysis systems. The chemical components of urinalysis (leukocyte esterase and nitrate reductase) and the sediment results (leukocytes and bacteria) were investigated as potential UTI indicators. Additionally, 106 specimens were analyzed on UF-5000 and compared with culture plating to establish cut-offs that can be suitable for standard urinalysis requirements and help to guide on how to interpret urinalysis results in the context of cultivation reflex.

Results

The medians of bacteria counts varies from 16.2 (absence), 43.0 (trace), 443.5 (few), 5,389.2 (moderate), 19,356.6 (many) to 32,545.2 (massive) for particular digital microscopic bacteriuria thresholds. For pyuria thresholds, the medians of WBC counts varies from 0.8 (absence), 2.0 (0-1), 7.7 (2-3), 21.3 (4-6), 38.9 (7-10), 61.3 (11-15) to 242.2 (>30). Comparing the culture and FFC data (bacterial and/or WBC counts) was performed. Satisfactory sensitivity (100%), specificity (83.7%), negative predictive value (100%), and positive predictive value (75%) were obtained using indicators with the following cut-off values: leukocytes ≥40/µl or bacteria ≥300/µl.

Conclusions

Accurate urinalysis gives information about the count of bacteria and leukocytes as useful indicators in UTIs, in general practice it can be a future tool to cross-link clinical and microbiology laboratories. However, the cut-off adjustments require individual optimization.
Growing pains of a data repository: GRIIDC's evolution from environmental disaster rapid response to promoting FAIR data
Authors: Rossi Rosalie R. , LeBel Deborah A. , Gibeaut James
Published: August 2022

GRIIDC is a multidisciplinary data repository created in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Development of the repository occurred even as researchers collected post-spill data, and as a result, the data management system initially focused on the ingestion of data and metadata. Data sharing was not as prevalent as it is currently, and many researchers were not familiar with data sharing and data organization best practices. Implementation of data management planning, submission, citation, and distribution features required many iterations and occurred while GRIIDC was assisting researchers with managing their rapid response data. From this challenging beginning, over the decade since the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, GRIIDC has improved the data management system and the training of researchers, which has enhanced the ease of submission and quality of data submitted. The GRIIDC system has also evolved to prioritize the implementation of FAIR data principles to ensure the data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. All data are issued digital object identifiers (DOIs) through DataCite and are findable via GRIIDC's data search page, DataONE, and Google Dataset Search. Each dataset has a landing page where the data and metadata can be accessed. GRIIDC is continuously striving to add FAIR principles to the system. Although there are still many challenges including quality of data and metadata received, funding limitations, and program priorities, GRIIDC must always continue to improve its ability to meet user needs while implementing FAIR data principles.