bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building the case for restricted use of predictive policing tools in India
Authors: Vats Antara
Published: December 2023

The use of predictive policing by law enforcement agencies has lately proliferated across several states in India. Predictive policing uses machine learning models to analyse substantial amounts of crime data to map and predict crimes, offenders, identities of the perpetrators and victims of crime. The aim is to enable the efficient allocation of limited resources at the disposal of law enforcement agencies for crime prevention. However, evidence suggests that predictive policing, in its current form, suffers from serious limitations. Inferior quality datasets are being used to train algorithms and citizens are unable to contest inaccurate algorithmic outcomes that could lead to their preventive detentions, often to the detriment of criminal justice norms and constitutional fundamental rights of citizens. More importantly, in the absence of oversight mechanisms restricting its use, the use of predictive policing has ended up reinforcing and amplifying police biases in law enforcement. This paper focuses, in particular, on the many ways in which predictive policing increases the risk of preventive detentions under section 151 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973 and proposes recommendations to preclude possibilities of unlawful preventive detentions using predictive policing tools. In part 1, the paper reviews the practice of preventive detention of potential offenders by the police in India—under section 151 of the CrPC. In part 2, I build the case for restricted use of predictive policing tools to only predict the location, type and time of the crime and not potential offenders or victims. In the last part, I recommend substantive measures and procedural safeguards to secure the reliable and accountable use of place-based predictive policing tools in India.
PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PESTISIDA NABATI DI DESA PEMATANG JOHAR MELALUI KEGIATAN KKNT
Authors: Nurhajijah Nurhajijah , Risnawati Risnawati , Barus Wan Arfiani , Susanti Rini , Sihotang Dwiky Reza , Sipayung Hafiz Nur Khadafi , Gurning Riris Nadya Syafrillia
Published: December 2023

Desa pematang johar atau yang dikenal saat ini desa wisata sawah adalah salah satu desa yang berada di kabupaten deli Serdang. Desa ini merupakan salah satu desa lumbung padi di kabupaten Deli Serdang. Sebagian besar penduduk di desa Pematang johar bekerja sebagai petani diantaranya petani padi. Dalam meningkatkan produtivitas tanaman padi maka perlu dilakan pembelajaran atau bimbingan terkait budidaya dalam pertanian. Salah satu faktor penunjang dalam meningkatkan produktivitas adaxlah terkait pemupukan dan penggunaan pestisida atau pengendalian hama penyakit tanaman. Adapun tujuan dari kegiatan pembuatan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabti sebagai penerapan teknologi dalam pertanian berkelanjutan. Selain itu kegiatan ini memberi manfaat kepada masyarakat khususnya petani Desa Pematang Johar Dusun XV menjadi mengerti pembuatan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati. Agar masyarakat khususnya petani mengetahui tentang perbedaan pertanian organik dan pertanian anorganik. Hasil yang ingin dicapai pada kegiatan pembuatan pupuk organik dan pestidia nabati untuk peningkatan kemampuan ibu-ibu Desa Pematang Johar Dusun XV, meskipun awalnya ibu-ibu Desa Pematang Johar Dusun XV kesulitan dalam memahami trik-trik yang kami berikan namun antusiasi dari ibu-ibu Desa Pematang Johar Dusun XV sangat kuat sehingga kami tetap semangat memberikan pemahaman tentang pestisida nabati ini.
A influência da tecnologia na prática pedagógica do professor de arte
Authors: Baiôcco Larissa Valfré , Lago Vivian Miranda
Published: December 2023

A publicação foi elaborada a partir do resultado de uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, realizada pela aluna Larissa Valfré Baiôcco, sob orientação da professora Dra. Vivian Miranda Lago que investigaram a percepção dos professores sobre o uso de novas metodologias para o ensino de ciências nos anos finais do ensino fundamental no município de Linhares/ES, por meio do Programa de Mestrado em Ciência, Tecnologia e Educação da Faculdade Vale do Cricaré. Este trabalho tem a finalidade orientar os docentes a identificar maneiras de implementar novas metodologias de ensino Ciências de forma a potencializar o processo de aprendizagem, suscitando neles o desejo de aprender. Buscar-se-á ainda, com esse produto, colaborar para superação das principais fragilidades dos alunos e potencializar os conhecimentos percebidos na prática pedagógica do docente de Ciências a partir de sugestões de atividades com uso da cultura digital.
EXPERIÊNCIAS EM LINGUAGENS: REFLEXÕES E PRÁTICAS
Authors: Moreira Elisângela , Francisco Eva Cristina , Gabriel Fábio Antônio , Miranda Fernanda de Cássia , Apolinário Henrique Aparecido , Araújo Izak Noah Cruz de , Abib Joagda Rezende , Primo João Victor Fredegoto , Oliveira Letícia da Silva , Dias Luiz Antônio Xavier , França Marcilene Mariano , Azevedo Maria Eduarda de Faria , Silva Milena Dafhyne Sanches , Beltran Natalia Andrea Rincon , Cunha Natália Ramalho da , Bellini Nerynei Meira Carneiro , Navi Patrícia Cristina Formaggi Cavaleiro , Rosolem Stefany Lima , Carlos Valeska Gracioso , Barboza Wagner de Morais , Gonçalves Wesley de Cássio
Published: December 2023

O livro Experiências em Linguagens: reflexões e práticas estabelece um marco teórico conceitual no campo do ensino de línguas estrangeiras. Além disso, a obra celebra os dez anos de incessante dedicação e conquistas de docentes e discentes pesquisadores do Grupo de Pesquisa “Ensino-Aprendizagem de Língua Estrangeira Moderna e Formação de Professores” da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná – UENP. Esta obra, portanto, traz estratégias de ensino, que foram elaboradas a partir de desafios latentes à aprendizagem de línguas. Nesta década de pesquisas, estudos afins ao tema foram realizados, por meio de parcerias profícuas, e culminaram em descobertas e inovações concernentes à linguagem as quais estão registradas aqui.
Os artigos contidos nesta coletânea são convites ao estudo da linguagem como manifestação do desenvolvimento cognitivo (conforme aponta Vygotsky), e ao ensino das línguas visando não só à comunicação humana como também à consolidação da sociedade democrática pelo respeito às diferenças e à pluralidade de ideias. O filósofo Habermas e a teoria da ação comunicativa apontam para a necessidade de que, pela linguagem, possamos gerar condições do diálogo entre aqueles que pensam de maneira diferente, o que contribui para o aperfeiçoamento cultural e para o estabelecimento de diálogo para a consolidação da democracia em uma sociedade. Nesse sentido, esta coletânea apresenta a riqueza da pluralidade de entendimentos sobre o estudo da linguagem e o ensino de línguas. Tal pluralidade, em processo de autonomia intelectual, possibilitará ao leitor ir além desses artigos para construir saberes, instigados pelas provocações propostas pelos autores que compõem esta coletânea.
Retrospective Evaluation Of Patients Who Were Treated In The Intensive Care Unit Due To Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: YİĞİT Yıldız , ESEN BULUT Nuriye , YILDIRIM AR Arzu
Published: December 2023

Aim:We aimed to investigate intensive care unit (ICU) treatments and factors associated with mortality in patients admitted to the ICU after road traffic accidents(RTAs).

Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed patient comorbidities,features of traumas,alcohol use,Revised Trauma Score(RTS), interventions performed,ICU and hospital stays,the presence and extent of invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II), Simplified Acute Physiology Scores (SAPS II), as well as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and NRS 2002 (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002) scores upon admission to the ICU. Brain death rates, transfusion rates, and ICU death rates were analyzed.

Results: 90 of the 109 patients treated in the ICU for RTAs survived, and 19 patients (17.4%) died.GCS scores were lower and APACHE II scores were greater in the non-surviving patients than in the surviving patients (p < 0.0001). The number of patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was significantly higher in the non-surviving patient group(p < 0.0001).The most frequent etiology of trauma was non-vehicle traffic accidents(45%).The head was the most common site of traumas(71.5%).The GCS and RTS scores of non-survivor patients were significantly lower(p = 0.013,p = 0.001,respectively), and the APACHE II and SAPS II scores were higher(p < 0.001).It was found that the rates of intubation(100%),CPR(47.4%), and IMV(100%) in non-surviving patients outweighed in surviving patients( p= 0.005,p < 0.001, and p = 0.012,respectively).

Conclusion:Multiple parameters are influential for determining the prognoses of patients treated in the ICU for traumas caused by RTAs.In particular,a high APACHE II score and CPR requirement are associated with mortality.
Grid-connected photovoltaic system dispatch using full bridge inverter with two control loops
Authors: Hassnen. S. H. Senoussi  , Abdulgader Alsharif  , Abdussalam Ali Ahmed  , Ibrahim Imbayah  , Maamar Miftah Rahmah
Published: December 2023

In rural areas that are remote from power transmission lines, Photovoltaic (PV) systems are almost a must for any power system in order to supply electricity through independent systems. The surrounding environment, including temperature and sun radiation, has an impact on photovoltaic systems that generate electricity. For this reason, these systems employ Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques. This document offers a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the grid and PV systems, beginning with the relationship between the circuit and PV cell, which includes the converter for Buck With the help of a three-phase converter that synchronizes the PV system with the utility power grid using two control loops (voltage-current), DC-DC operates with the Perturb and Observation (P&O) algorithm for MPPT applied to a 120kW PV array. All of the earlier parts were linked to the utility power grid via a three-phase converter, which synchronizes the PV system with the grid and feeds it with active power with a power factor of one using two voltage-current control loops. MATLAB/Simulink was used to apply the simulation outcome.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ SURİYELİLER: SEÇKİNCİ VE SEÇİCİ POLİTİK AİDİYETE DOĞRU BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Sönmez Pelin , Üzmez Pınar
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, politik aidiyet kavramını Türkiye’deki Suriyeliler üzerinden analiz etmektir. Politik aidiyet, temel anlamda siyasal aktörlerce inşa edilen bir projedir. Böylesi bir proje, yasalar ya da politikalarla mümkün kılınabildiği gibi siyasal söylemlerle de inşa edilebilmektedir. Çalışmada politik aidiyetin görünür unsurları olarak, Türkiye’nin göç ve vatandaşlık mevzuatı ile Göç İdaresi Başkanlığı’nın uyum politikaları incelenmiştir. Türkiye’de yaşayan Suriyelilere yönelik geçmiş saha çalışmaları incelenmiştir. Söylem boyutunda ise Türkiye’de göç yönetiminde etkili olan aktörlerin Suriyelilerle ilgili Anadolu Ajansı’nda yer alan demeçleri eleştirel söylem analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın analizleri arasında ilk olarak politik aidiyetin İslam dini temelli ortaklık ve kültürel yapı ortaklığı üzerinden kurulduğu tespit edilmektedir. Diğer yandan varlığı öne sürülen politik aidiyetin Türkiye’deki uzun soluklu “güvenlik” hassasiyetleri ile bir arada geliştirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Güvenlik eksenli bu yaklaşımda günümüze kadar herhangi bir sapma bulunmamaktadır. Bir diğer bulgu, söz konusu güvenlik kaygılarının devamı niteliğindedir ve Türkiye’de yaşayan Suriyelilere yönelik seçkinci yapıda bir politik aidiyet projesi oluşturduğu neticesine götürmektedir. Çalışmanın özgünlüğü politik aidiyet kavramlaştırması ve buna dayalı literatürü Türk siyasi alanı ve Türkiye’de yaşamakta olan Suriyeliler özelinde incelemesidir.
«Bologna la civica». Un progetto didattico del Centro Zangheri per il centenario del Liceo Righi di Bologna
Authors: Menzani Tito
Published: December 2023

The Liceo Augusto Righi in Bologna was established in 1923 and therefore celebrates a century of life. For the 2023-24 school year, the Renato Zangheri Study and Research Centre has entered into an agreement for the exclusive provision of teaching workshops on history and civic education. This is an important collaboration between two Bolognese institutions focused on culture and the education of the new generations. This essay aims to recount the project in question – called «Bologna la civica» – with particular attention to the didactic value of the activities proposed to the classes.
Marie-Justine Vauthier: vita di un’anarchica tra impegno e solitudine
Authors: Graziola Diego
Published: December 2023

Marie Vauthier is an anarchist, the only woman from Aosta Valley who took part in the Spanish civil war. Born in a small mountain village, she soon emigrated to France, first to Paris and then to Toulouse, where she came into contact with anarchist and anti-fascist ideas. It was in Toulouse that she was part of a transnational anarchist network. She devoted herself intensively to political engagement and always showed great solidarity. Disappointed by defeat in the war, she shut herself away in solitude, in a world that did not belong to her.
La governance delle banche
Funzioni, competenze, flussi informativi e responsabilità nel sistema di governance tradizionale
Authors: Serafin Giulia , Lauro Alessandro
Published: December 2023

The paper provides a brief overview of the research carried out within the UNI4Justice project at the Specialized Business Section of the Tribunal of Venice, which focused on the rules concerning the different competencies within the board of directors of a bank, the impact of the duty to set up an adequate organizational, administrative and accounting structure and the rules concerning intra-organic and inter-organic information flows on the liability of the directors with different roles, as well as on the general manager and on the chairman of the board.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan PT Gresik Migas (BUMD)
Authors: Yuliana Siska Eva
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan PT Gresik Migas dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dari PT Gresik Migas tahun 2019 sampai dengan tahun 2021. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan studi pustaka. Analisis Rasio adalah metode analisis yang digunakan dalam analisis data laporan keuangan, dan hasilnya diambil berdasarkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, Profitabilitas, dan Aktivitas adalah rasio yang digunakan. Hasil perhitungan rasio menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan memiliki kinerja operasional yang cukup baik dari segi Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Aktivitas. Namun sangat baik dari segi rasio profitabilitas.
Mesofauna relacionada a la vegetación acuática en una laguna del valle del alto Paraná argentino
Authors: Poi de Neiff Alicia
Published: December 2023

This is a contribution to the knowledge of population structure of that mesofauna related to Paspalum repens and Salvinia herzogii. Samples have been colected in the Laguna Sirena channel monthly, in the period June 1979 - April 1980. It consisted of vegetation and associated fauna sampled with a 250 microns width mesh net. being the sampling area of 1 570 square cm.

Peaks of maximun abundance of mesofauna were registered in August 1979 and April 1980, and have been mainly caused by fluctuations in Copepoda, the most numerous group. Similar behaviour was performed by Cladocera.

Insecta and Acarina were the same in April. Diptera, chiefly Chironomidae, was a significant fraction of Insecta. Other orders less significant than Diptera, had only a few specimens. Although Planorbidae was the most abundant group of Mollusca. no dense concentrations of this family has been found.
La promoción estatal de los emprendimientos de la economía social en el ámbito provincial. Un análisis del programa “Santiago Emprende” desde la dimensión institucional
Authors: Torres Miguel Agustín , Ibáñez Cecilia Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se propone caracterizar, desde la dimensión institucional, los aspectos principales del programa local de política pública denominado “Plan Integral Santiago Emprende”, implementado en la provincia de Santiago del Estero, durante los años 2018-2019, en el marco del “Plan Nacional Creer y Crear”, con el objetivo específico de impulsar el desarrollo de emprendimientos de la economía social. A través de la exploración de sus contenidos centrales y de sus fines se determina el alcance de sus mecanismos de intervención y se distingue la concepción institucionalizada de la economía social en el ordenamiento provincial. Permite recoger elementos de reflexión sobre el funcionamiento de una herramienta de política pública provincial de promoción de la economía social insertada en la órbita de un programa público de alcance federal específico para el sector.
Is Dis-Ability a Foregone Conclusion? Research and Policy Solutions to Disproportionality
Authors: Cruz Rebecca A. , Kramarczuk Voulgarides Catherine M. , Firestone Allison R. , McDermott Logan , Feng Zhihui
Published: December 2023

Research on disproportionate representation in special education has potential to influence policy in ways that rectify educational inequities. In this study, we investigated how disproportionality researchers have operationalized dis-ability, identified key themes and theories used in disproportionality research, and evaluated the coherence between this research and related policy. We found that studies using medical/rehabilitative frameworks to define disability tended to offer policy recommendations focused on preventing inappropriate identification and enhancing access to early interventions. In contrast, studies situated in social models of dis-ability tended to offer policy recommendations for holistic improvement of educational systems. Finally, disproportionality studies applying legal frameworks tended to advocate for explicit policies regarding race and racism without attending to ableism. Given that federal policy continues to operate from a deficit perspective regarding student variability, we contend that deficit-oriented recommendations for change are unlikely to improve students’ experiences in schools and related outcomes. We discuss the need for disproportionality research to inform policy through frameshifting.
The ethics of power-proprietor relations of the production tops of Russian society (late 1920s – early 1950s)
Authors: Beznin Mikhail , Dimoni Tatyana
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the main elements of the ethical ideas of the country's industrial elite about the power-proprietary relations of the Stalinist period. Among them are the formation of the ethics of economic activity, the ethics of actions in a hierarchical corporation of production elites, the moral boundaries of the possibilities for disposing and using the means of production and labor products, etc. The article was prepared on the materials of the funds of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History and the State Archive of the Russian Federation.
Western Siberia and nomads in the 17th – early 18th centuries
Authors: Puzanov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Since the beginning of the 17th century, the nomads Oirats came to the southern borders of Siberia, who often attacked the lands of Russian counties. In the 17th century, the eastern counties of Siberia - Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Tarsky - suffered from the raids of nomads. In the first decades of the 17th century, Russian colonization occupied the lands along the Ture River with tributaries Tagil, Nice and Pyshma. In the 1620s, at the request of the population, the government organizes the construction of prisons and other fortifications in the settlements in the south of Siberia. In the 1630s in the south of Siberia, local Cossacks appeared to protect the settlements. In the 1650s, the construction of prisons along the river Iset’ began. In Siberia, military people were the numerically predominant group of the Russian population throughout the 17th century.
Fundamental Design Considerations for Nuclear Space Power Systems
Authors: Jain Yuvraj
Published: December 2023

This thesis aims to set forth the fundamental differences in the design methodology and system engineering of Nuclear Space Power (NSP) reactor and electrical generation systems versus terrestrial designs.

We begin by comparing NSP with Solar Photo-Voltaic (SPV) systems and their evolution in space, intending to identify and justify urgent and necessary applications of NSP generation. Then, we briefly review data on fuel forms and reactor materials, eliminating materials unsuitable for thermal spectrum reactors. Noting that heavy-duty materials may serve as fuel cladding, we discuss the reactor costs, mass, longevity and ease of manufacture. After that, we develop simple thermal hydraulics models of a Pin-in-Cell fuel element and discuss reactor coolant selection. Introducing our rudimentary heat engine models of the Brayton and Rankine cycles, we derive the mathematics describing the system-wide behaviour of a Brayton and Rankine cycle coupled to a radiator. Our insights from thermodynamic and thermal hydraulic analysis lead to nuclear engineering concepts that assist with building a working reactor. We design parametric simulation models using OpenMC’s Python API, providing us with the optimum Moderator to Fuel (MF) volume ratios, MF mass ratios, and 3D reactor core data for high-temperature monolithic and composite hydride moderators.

Herein, we also demonstrate a novel NSP system design approach where regulatory justification, logistics and spacecraft thermal design principles are exploited to enforce fundamental constraints on the NSP system design. The NSP system design workflow we adopt relies on open-source, easy-to-use and computationally inexpensive software. Ultimately, we aim to provide a solid introduction to the subtleties of designing a nuclear power system to operate for long periods in space while being compact, lightweight and relatively inexpensive.
 
Errata: Page 80: "Yttrium hydride produces the lightest critical cores, the 7-ringed variant being close to 500 Kg minimum mass." is incorrect as zirconium hydride produces critical cores with less fuel elements. The sentence should read: "Overall, zirconium hydride produces the lightest critical cores, with the 5-ringed variant being close to 270 kg minimum mass."
The Effect of Positive Mental Imagery versus Positive Verbal Thoughts on Anhedonia
Authors: Blackwell Simon Edward , Rölver Angela , Margraf Jürgen , Woud Marcella Lydia
Published: December 2023

Anhedonia, the loss of interest in and pleasure from previously enjoyable activities, is a core symptom of depression and presents a major challenge to treatments. Interventions involving positive mental imagery generation have been suggested to reduce anhedonia. However, it is not clear whether the imagery component of such interventions is crucial for these effects. The current study aimed to test this by contrasting repeated generation of positive mental imagery versus positive verbal thoughts. Over a one-week period, 53 mildly anhedonic adults completed 5 sessions of a computerized training program involving generation of either positive images or positive sentences. Compared to participants who generated sentences, participants who generated imagery showed greater improvements from pre- to post-training on an individualized multi-facetted measure of anhedonia (the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale), but not on standardized measures of anticipated pleasure (the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale), depression symptoms, or positive affect. The present study supports the proposal that positive imagery could provide a route to improve anhedonia, with generation of imagery in particular (as opposed to positive thoughts in general) as an important driving mechanism for these effects. This has theoretical and clinical implications for understanding the role of imagery in anhedonia and its treatment.
Register variation and linguistic background modulate accuracy in detecting morphosyntactic errors
Authors: Masullo Camilla , Casado Alba , Leivada Evelina , Sorace Antonella
Published: December 2023

Linguistic register is defined as a variety of language shaped by different situational settings. Adapting to register is globally crucial for successful communication, and doing so efficiently involves the processing of language features related to register variation. Despite its central role in communication, few studies have focused on the impact of linguistic register on the way we process language. Our research fills this gap by investigating whether register variation affects the ability to detect linguistic errors, due to different degrees of anticipation of such errors in high vs. low registers. To determine if linguistic background further impacts the way we deal with register, our sample includes different groups of majority language monolingual and bilingual participants as well as minority language bidialectal participants. All groups completed an acceptability judgement task that features Subject-Verb agreement mismatches presented in both high and low register. The results reveal a significant impact of linguistic register on accuracy: Morphosyntactic errors are better detected when stimuli are presented in low register. Furthermore, different trends characterize the tested groups. While monolinguals show similar accuracy rates for low- and high-register sentences, the bilingual groups tend to better spot errors in the low-register stimuli. Our findings suggest that register plays an important role in the processing of morphosyntactic errors, highlighting the need to consider both its cognitive and social dimensions. Moreover, the variation observed among the tested groups underscores that language processing can be influenced by factors related to the sociolinguistic dimensions of each linguistic community.
Determinants of Belief in Conspiracy Theories about the War in Ukraine among Youth
Authors: Schuster Johannes , Fobel Lea , Kolleck Nina
Published: December 2023

Conspiracy theories are particularly prevalent in times of crisis and pose a major threat to democracy. Young people are especially susceptible to conspiracy theories, as this period is characterised by high social vulnerability and constant reflection on one’s position in society. However, to date little is known about the determinants of young people’s belief in conspiracy theories in general and in times of crisis in particular. In this study, we address this research gap investigating the belief of young people in Germany (N=2437, aged 16 to 29) in conspiracy theories about the war in Ukraine. Drawing on Douglas et al.’s (2017) taxonomy, we find that epistemic (e.g., political self-efficacy), existential (e.g., political trust), and social (e.g., social exclusion) motives influence belief in conspiracies about the war among young people. However, while the taxonomy suggests equal influence of the three motives, the effects of feelings of social exclusion on war-related conspiracy beliefs among youth are mainly mediated by a strong influence of political distrust. In this way, our findings contribute to a better understanding of conspiracy beliefs among young people and highlight the importance of increasing young people’s political trust to prevent the spread of conspiracy theories.
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Crude Ethanolic Extracts of Selected Spices
Authors: Anup Muni Bajracharya  , Shusila Shrestha  , Jyoti Lama  , Ganga Sharma  , Ashok Adhikari  , Kanhaiya Lal Gupta
Published: December 2023

Infectious diseases and food poisoning caused by microbial pathogens continue to pose significant threats to global public health. In this context, the antimicrobial properties of certain spices have garnered attention due to their historical use not only for culinary purposes but also for their medicinal value. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activity of crude ethanol extracts obtained from a selection of spices, including clove, cinnamon, cardamom, fenugreek, cumin, and ajowan against several pathogenic bacteria, namely Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results indicated that among the six tested spices, clove exhibited the highest antimicrobial efficacy, with no-table inhibition zones of 23mm against E. coli, 20mm against Klebsiella pneumoniae, 32mm against Staphy-lococcus aureus, and 16mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cumin demonstrated considerable antimicro-bial activity with inhibition zones of 22mm, 14mm, 29mm, and 20mm against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Ajowan, cardamom, and cinnamon also displayed varying degrees of antimicrobial efficacy against the tested bacterial strains.On the other hand, fenugreek showed weak antimicrobial activity, as it failed to inhibit the growth of any of the four bacterial isolates. The findings suggest that spices such as clove, cumin, and cinnamon possess promising potential as natural remedies against pathogenic bacteria, providing a safer alternative to traditional antibiot-ics. Additionally, these spices could serve as natural preservatives in various food and healthcare applications.
Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tingkat Kepuasan Petugas SIMRS di RS Jasa Kartini
Authors: FAUZIAH ULFAH , LESTARI AYU RAHAYU , SUKAWAN ARI , ASTUTI ANNISA PUJI , OKTAVIANI CLARENZA PUTRI , RAKSADINATA TAUFIQ GUNAWAN
Published: December 2023

Permenkes RI Nomor 82 tahun 2013 mengenai SIMRS mengatur agar masing-masing instansi kesehatan hendaknya melaksanakan pelayanan SIMRS, dengan melaksanakan penguatan serta inspeksi agar tiap-tiap instansi kesehatan di negara ini perlu melaksanakan pelayanan SIMRS guna peningkatan layanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat deskripsi pengetahuan, sikap dan tingkat kepuasan petugas SIMRS memanfaatkan metode EUCS atau End User Computing Satisfaction. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengguna SIMRS sebanyak 49 orang. Adapun yang menjadi sampel sebanyak 49 orang berasal dari unit rekam medis, tempat pendaftaran rawat jalan, pendaftaran gawat darurat dan admis. Hasil penelitian berupa presentase karakteristik responden terbanyak yakni pada kelompok umur 26-35 tahun,  jenis kelamin perempuan, latar belakang pendidikan Akademi/D3, dan terdapat beberapa responden yang belum melakukan pelatihan terkait penggunaan SIMRS. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian penilaian tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap tindakan penggunaan SIMRS termasuk dalam kategori baik serta kepuasan petugas SIMRS dengan metode EUCS, pada kelima kategori yaitu kategori isi, kekauratan, struktur, kemudahan dalam penggunaan dan ketepatan waktu masing-masing dimensi memiliki rata-rata nilai pada level memuaskan.
NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL DE ESCOLARES DO INTERIOR DA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Silva Juciele Faria , Farias Airton Matheus Escóssio , Takanashi Silvania Yukiko Lins , Fernandes Eduardo Vignoto , Oliveira David Michel , Rocha Raphael de Miranda , Gouvêa-e-Silva Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2023

O estudo objetiva analisar a composição corporal e nível de atividade física (NAF) de estudantes de escolas públicas e privadas. A amostra foi de 1054 estudantes matriculados em 7 escolas (4 públicas; 3 privadas) da cidade de Santarém, Pará, Brasil. Buscou-se informações quanto à idade, sexo, massa corporal, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal (CAb), percentual de gordura (%G), massa gorda (MG) e magra (MM), NAF e tempo sentado (Tsen). Os dados foram analisados com recursos da estatística descritiva e inferencial, adotando-se p
A DEPENDÊNCIA FINANCEIRA DOS EXECUTORES DA LEI ESTADUAL DE INCENTIVO AO ESPORTE DE MINAS GERAIS ÀS EMPRESAS APOIADORAS: UM OLHAR SOBRE O MECANISMO DE INCENTIVO AO ESPORTE ENTRE 2014 E 2019
Authors: Da Silva Bráulio Humberto , Silva Aline Galantinni
Published: December 2023

As Leis de Incentivo ao Esporte são programas governamentais vinculados à concessão de incentivo fiscal às empresas que apoiarem projetos esportivos previamente aprovados pelo Estado. Considerando que a execução dos projetos aprovados somente é garantida mediante a captação de recursos junto às empresas apoiadoras, pode-se dizer que as Leis de Incentivo são políticas públicas altamente dependentes de recursos privados para seu funcionamento. Neste sentido, partindo da experiência da Lei Estadual de Incentivo ao Esporte de Minas Gerais-LIE/MG, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o grau de dependência financeira dos executores de projetos esportivos em relação às empresas apoiadoras no âmbito da LIE/MG, no período de Janeiro de 2014 a Outubro de 2019. Para atingir o objetivo proposto traçou-se, primeiramente, um referencial teórico através de pesquisa bibliográfica. Posteriormente, realizou-se um diagnóstico documental da legislação aplicada à Lei Estadual de Incentivo ao Esporte de Minas Gerais-LIE/MG, além de coleta e sistematização dos dados de todos os projetos esportivos aprovados pelo Poder Executivo Estadual que foram apoiados por empresas durante o período analisado. O estudo mostrou que a maioria dos executores possui apenas uma empresa apoiadora dos seus projetos esportivos, resultando em um “altíssimo” grau de dependência financeira, situação esta que se configura em uma ameaça à sua própria sustentabilidade e sobrevivência dos projetos esportivos. Com o intuito de reverter esse cenário, sugere-se que o Estado assuma o papel de interlocutor entre os executores e potenciais empresas apoiadoras, e também que os executores se qualifiquem para que sejam capazes de se aproximarem cada vez mais de diferentes grupos empresariais.
Development of Visual Stories Infographics on Dietary and Physical Activity Management for Hypertension
Authors: Ab Hamida Mohd Ramadan , Mohd Zapilia Nor Azalina
Published: December 2023

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that requires lifestyle intervention. Patients need to be educated on dietary and physical activity management for hypertension. Visual stories and infographics are one of the educational tools that can be effective for this purpose. Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate visual story infographics based on their level of understandability, actionability, and suitability. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional study design that came in three phases: (I) content analysis, (II) design and development, and (III) evaluation. Ten healthcare professionals in the fields of medicine and dietetics evaluated the visual story infographics on their understandability, actionability, and suitability using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for printable material (PEMAT-P) and Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). Results: The visual story infographics consisted of 25 pages covering dietary and physical activity management to control hypertension. Clinical guidelines for hypertension were used to develop the content of the infographics. The infographics were designed and developed using the Canva application. Bahasa Malaysia was used for the infographics as it is the national language. The infographics received a 98.8% understandability score and a 100% actionability score. Meanwhile, the overall score for the suitability rating was 86.6%. Conclusion: Overall, the newly developed infographic material ranked highly for understandability, actionability, and suitability. This finding indicated that the visual stories and infographics were well received by the healthcare professionals who were responsible for the management of patients with hypertension.
Nurses in the Loop of Fall Prevention
Authors: Nabihah Hasim Nur Abiatul , Seman Nordianna , Muhamad Rosli Nur Atikah
Published: December 2023

Background: Nurses actively engage in patient care and play an important role in preventing patient falls. However, lack of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding fall prevention contribute to increased incidence of falls. Objectives: This study aims to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on fall prevention among nurses. Methods: A quantitative design with a cross-sectional survey was used for this study. Nurses working in two teaching hospitals in Selangor were purposively selected (n=147). Data were collected via an online platform using an adapted instrument (α>0.70). Nurses in the current study demonstrated a good level of knowledge (M=16.26; +SD=2.48), positive attitude (M=86.86, +SD=9.54), and high level of practice (M=92.03; +SD=9.96). Moreover, a positive relationship was found between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice of nurses in fall prevention (p<0.05). On the other hand, nurses’ knowledge and attitude differ significantly according to their work experience (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were found between the socio-demographic characteristics and nurses’ practice in fall prevention (p>0.05). Results: The results of the current study on the knowledge and attitudes of nursing staff in both hospitals may help to improve fall prevention practices. Conclusion: However, concern was raised that the importance and potential impact of falls on patient outcomes is underestimated, and future studies on a larger scale are recommended.
Knowledge and Practice of Breast-Self Examination Among Nurses in Teaching Hospital
Authors: Anwar Noor Azreena , Azwani Junaidi Siti Nor , Md Jazli Norazlina
Published: December 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent invasive cancer and the leading cause of death and disability in women. Early screenings and other preventive actions recommended by the health ministry are able to detect breast cancer early. Everyone has a chance of developing breast cancer, including medical professionals who significantly have a positive attitude toward breast self-examination (BSE). However, previous studies showed that knowledge of breast cancer and self-examination is excellent, but practice is generally low. Objective: This study examined the nurses' knowledge and practice of BSE. Methods: A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted on 122 nurses at the UiTM Clinical Training Centre, Sungai Buloh. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 41 questions was used to assess the understanding and use of BSE. Findings were analyzed using SPSS version 25 with a chi-square test to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge and practice of BSE. Result: Findings show that 72.1% had adequate knowledge of BSE and 50.8% had moderate practice. Furthermore, age, marital status, and level of study were statistically significant with knowledge and practice of BSE, where the p-value was less than 0.05. Conclusion: Breast self-examination remains an important investigation tool for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, despite other screening methods. The study's findings suggest further exploration of knowledge and practice of BSE by nurses because the knowledge they have will be beneficial to the community in increasing awareness of BSE, thus preventing breast cancer.
A Potential Game-Changer: The Abraham Accord and its Implications
Authors: Zafar Naveed , Irfan Adeel , Ilyas Faisal
Published: December 2023

This study elucidates the relevance of the peace agreement between the UAE and Israel in reducing the country's ties to the Jewish state. The study's overarching goal is to decipher the truth behind the Abraham Accord and to explain the fundamental ideational variables like economy, politics, and defence that have contributed to this historical rapprochement and its influence in the region. With the global system in such a state of disarray, no country can be sure of the intentions or security of any other, driving them all into power politics. This is the framework that is used to make sense of the decision to normalize ties between the United Arab Emirates and Israel. The political, economic, and military aspirations of Middle Eastern governments as well as the fight of the United governments and Israel to imagine a new balance of power in the area independent of ideology have been examined.
Indo-Pak Newspapers Coverage of the Pulwama Incident
Authors: - Asfandiyar , Shahid Muhammad
Published: December 2023

In the political and military tensions between India and Pakistan, print media play an important role in stabilizing the issues or portraying the narrative of the state to the world. Both the countries spend more on defense in comparison to other sectors. The main reason for spending billions of USD on the military is the Kashmir issue. Though both countries have a long-lasted history of rivalry when it comes to the Kashmir issue after the Pulwama attack, the tensions between the two neighboring countries were the worst in the last thirty years. In such a horrible situation, media from both sides were busy defending their stances.This study aims to the comparison of Pulwama attack coverage in English newspapers from both sides (Daily Dawn from Pakistan & the Hindu from India) that how these most circulated newspapers covered the whole conflict, what were their contributions to peace, and how they portrayed the stance of their governments. As the incident started on 14 February 2019 after the bomb blast, therefore we have covered editorials of both newspapers from 14 February to 5 March 2019. Both sides exaggerated the whole issue however; we noticed that Indian media and Political leadership used harsh words and false statements.
Theory-based implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol for cranial surgery
Authors: Jamjoom Aimun A. B. , Sluijters Olivier J. J. , Yeung Thomas C. H. , Wildman Jack , Malcolm George P. , Charalambides Constantinos , Iyer Venkat , Barua Neil U.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

There is growing evidence for the use of enhanced recovery protocols (ERPs) in cranial surgery. As they become widespread, successful implementation of these complex interventions will become a challenge for neurosurgical teams owing to the need for multidisciplinary engagement. Here, the authors describe the novel use of an implementation framework (normalization process theory [NPT]) to promote the incorporation of a cranial surgery ERP into routine neuro-oncology practice.

METHODS

A baseline audit was conducted to determine the degree of implementation of the ERP into practice. The Normalization MeAsure Development (NoMAD) questionnaire was circulated among 6 groups of stakeholders (neurosurgeons, anesthetists, intensivists, recovery nurses, preoperative assessment nurses, and neurosurgery ward staff) to examine barriers to implementation. Based on these findings, a theory-guided implementation intervention was delivered. A repeat audit and NoMAD questionnaire were conducted to assess the impact of the intervention on the uptake of the ERP.

RESULTS

The baseline audit (n = 24) demonstrated limited delivery of the ERP elements. The NoMAD questionnaire (n = 32) identified 4 subconstructs of the NPT as barriers to implementation: communal specification, contextual integration, skill set workability, and relational integration. These guided an implementation intervention that included the following: 1) teamwork-focused training; 2) ERP promotion; and 3) procedure simplification. The reaudit (n = 21) demonstrated significant increases in the delivery of 5 protocol elements: scalp block (12.5% of patients before intervention vs 76.2% of patients after intervention, p < 0.00001), recommended analgesia (25.0% vs 100.0%, p < 0.00001) and antiemetics (12.5% vs 100.0%, p < 0.00001), trial without catheter (13.6% vs 88.9%, p < 0.00001), and mobilization on the 1st postoperative day (45.5% vs 94.4%, p < 0.00001). There was a significant reduction in the mean hospital length of stay from 6.3 ± 3.4 to 4.2 ± 1.7 days (p = 0.022). Two months after implementation, a repeat NoMAD survey demonstrated significant improvement in communal specification.

CONCLUSIONS

Here, the authors have demonstrated the successful implementation of a cranial surgery ERP by using a systematic theory-based approach.
Enhanced recovery and same-day discharge after brain tumor surgery under general anesthesia: initial experience with Hospital-at-Home–based postoperative follow-up
Authors: Pelaez-Sanchez Cristina A. , Pajaron-Guerrero Marcos , Rodríguez-Caballero Angelina , Ruiz Calderón Cristina , Mora Carla , Martín-Láez Rubén , Sampedro Isabel , Velásquez Carlos
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe the outcomes of outpatient oncological neurosurgery (OON) in a European clinical setting and to compare them with the conventional inpatient protocol.

METHODS

Patients who had undergone OON (either tumor removal or biopsy) at the authors’ center since 2019 were analyzed. A matched cohort of patients was selected from patients undergoing tumor surgery in the same period. Collected data included patient demographics, postoperative progress, specific location of the target lesion, and the procedure performed.

RESULTS

There were 18 patients in the case group and 59 patients in the control group. The outpatient surgeries had a same-day discharge rate of 89%, and all ambulatory patients successfully completed the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program within 6.24 hours of the procedure. All ambulatory patients underwent Hospital-at-Home postoperative follow-up for an average of 4.12 days. Radiological complications were present in 11% of the case group and 8% of the control group. Postoperative neurological deficit occurred in 6% of the same-day discharge group and 3% of the control group. Among the patients in the control group, 3% suffered from postoperative seizures, whereas no seizures were observed in the case group. These differences were not statistically significant. General anesthesia–related complications were not observed in any of the patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors’ findings demonstrate that Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols and same-day discharge craniotomy for tumor resection and image-guided biopsy under general anesthesia, when patients are carefully selected, can be safely performed with excellent outcomes in a European clinical setting. The OON program proved to be a viable alternative to conventional hospitalization, showing comparable safety records and offering advantages in terms of patient recovery.