bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web scale taxonomy cleansing
Authors: Lee Taesung , Wang Zhongyuan , Wang Haixun , Hwang Seung-won
Published: June 2020

Large ontologies and taxonomies are automatically harvested from web-scale data. These taxonomies tend to be huge, noisy, and contains little context. As a result, cleansing and enriching those large-scale taxonomies becomes a great challenge. A natural way to enrich a taxonomy is to map the taxonomy to existing datasets that contain rich information. In this paper, we study the problem of matching two web scale taxonomies. Besides the scale of the problem, we address the challenge that the taxonomies may not contain enough context (such as attribute values). As existing entity resolution techniques are based directly or indirectly on attribute values as context, we must explore external evidence for entity resolution. Specifically, we explore positive and negative evidence in external data sources such as the web and in other taxonomies. To integrate positive and negative evidence, we formulate the entity resolution problem as a problem of finding optimal multi-way cuts in a graph. We analyze the complexity of the problem, and propose a Monte Carlo algorithm for finding greedy cuts. We conduct extensive experiments and compare our approach with three existing methods to demonstrate the advantage of our approach.
Trust edDB
Authors: Bajaj Sumeet , Sion Radu
Published: June 2020

TrustedDB [11] is an outsourced database prototype that allows clients to execute SQL queries with privacy and under regulatory compliance constraints without having to trust the service provider. TrustedDB achieves this by leveraging server-hosted tamper-proof trusted hardware in critical query processing stages.

TrustedDB does not limit the query expressiveness of supported queries. And, despite the cost overhead and performance limitations of trusted hardware, the costs per query are orders of magnitude lower than any (existing or) potential future software-only mechanisms. In this demo we will showcase TrustedDB in action and discuss its architecture.
MapReduce programming and cost-based optimization?
Authors: Herodotou Herodotos , Dong Fei , Babu Shivnath
Published: June 2020

MapReduce has emerged as a viable competitor to database systems in big data analytics. MapReduce programs are being written for a wide variety of application domains including business data processing, text analysis, natural language processing, Web graph and social network analysis, and computational science. However, MapReduce systems lack a feature that has been key to the historical success of database systems, namely, cost-based optimization. A major challenge here is that, to the MapReduce system, a program consists of black-box map and reduce functions written in some programming language like C++, Java, Python, or Ruby.

Starfish
is a self-tuning system for big data analytics that includes, to our knowledge, the first
Cost-based Optimizer
for simple to arbitrarily complex MapReduce programs. Starfish also includes a
Profiler
to collect detailed statistical information from unmodified MapReduce programs, and a
What-if Engine
for fine-grained cost estimation. This demonstration will present the profiling, what-if analysis, and cost-based optimization of MapReduce programs in Starfish. We will show how (nonexpert) users can employ the
Starfish Visualizer
to (a) get a deep understanding of a MapReduce program's behavior during execution, (b) ask hypothetical questions on how the program's behavior will change when parameter settings, cluster resources, or input data properties change, and (c) ultimately optimize the program.
Data is dead... without what-if models
Authors: Haas Peter J. , Maglio Paul P. , Selinger Patricia G. , Tan Wang-Chiew
Published: June 2020

Current database technology has raised the art of scalable
descriptive
analytics to a very high level. Unfortunately, what enterprises really need is
prescriptive
analytics to identify optimal business, policy, investment, and engineering decisions in the face of uncertainty. Such analytics, in turn, rest on deep
predictive
analytics that go beyond mere statistical forecasting and are imbued with an understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that govern a system's behavior, allowing what-if analyses. The database community needs to put what-if models and data on equal footing, developing systems that use both data and models to make sense of rich, real-world complexity and to support real-world decision-making. This model-and-data orientation requires significant extensions of many database technologies, such as data integration, query optimization and processing, and collaborative analytics. In this paper, we argue that data without what-if modeling may be the database community's past, but data with what-if modeling must be its future.
New frontiers in business intelligence
Authors: Chaudhuri Surajit , Narasayya Vivek
Published: June 2020

Business intelligence (BI) software is a collection of decision support technologies for the enterprise aimed at enabling knowledge workers such as executives, managers and analysts to make better and faster decisions. The past two decades have seen explosive growth, both in the number of products and services offered and in the adoption of these technologies by industry. This growth has been fueled by the declining cost of acquiring and storing very large amounts of data arising from sources such as customer transactions in banking, retail as well as in E-businesses, RFID tags for inventory tracking, email, query logs for websites, blogs and product reviews. Enterprises today collect data at a finer granularity which is therefore of much larger volume. Businesses are leveraging their data assets aggressively by deploying and experimenting with more sophisticated data analysis techniques to drive business decisions and deliver new functionality such as personalized offers and services to customers. Today, it is difficult to find a successful enterprise that has not leveraged BI technology for their business. For example, BI technology is used in manufacturing for order shipment and customer support, in retail for user profiling to target grocery coupons during checkout, in financial services for claims analysis and fraud detection, in transportation for fleet management, in telecommunications for identifying reasons for customer churn, in utilities for power usage analysis, and in E-business for identifying customers who are likely to respond to a product catalog mailing campaign.
Crowdsourcing applications and platforms
Authors: Doan AnHai , Franklin Michael J. , Kossmann Donald , Kraska Tim
Published: June 2020

Over the past decade, crowdsourcing has emerged as a major problem-solving and data-gathering paradigm on the World-Wide Web. Well-known examples of crowdsourcing include Wikipedia, Linux, Yahoo! Answers, YouTube, Mechanical Turk-based applications, and much effort is being directed toward developing many more.
Data management for meeting global health challenges
Authors: Parikh Tapan S. , Chen Kuang
Published: June 2020

Organizations and health agencies working on meeting global health challenges are becoming increasingly data driven. Governments and donors are demanding rigorous and up-to-date assessment of patient needs and health service delivery. These organizations work in some of the most difficult data environments - dealing with limited infrastructure and human resources, inconsistent data quality and availability, not to mention significant data backlogs.
Biomarcadores de hipogonadismo masculino en la infancia y la adolescencia
Authors: Rey Rodolfo A.
Published: June 2020

El eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-testicular es activo en la vida fetal y durante los primeros meses de la vida posnatal: la hipófisis secreta hormona luteinizante (LH) y folículo-estimulante (FSH), mientras que el testículo produce testosterona y factor insulino-símil 3 (INSL3) en las células de Leydig y hormona anti-Mülleriana (AMH) e inhibina B en las células de Sertoli. En la infancia, los niveles séricos de gonadotrofinas, testosterona y factor INSL3 disminuyen a valores prácticamente indetectables, pero los de AMH e inhibina B permanecen altos. En la pubertad, se reactivan las gonadotrofinas y la producción de testosterona e INSL3, aumenta la inhibina y disminuye la AMH, como signo de maduración de la célula de Sertoli. Sobre la base del conocimiento de la fisiología del desarrollo del eje, es posible utilizar clínicamente estos biomarcadores para interpretar la fisiopatología y diagnosticar las diferentes formas de hipogonadismo que pueden presentarse en la infancia y la adolescencia.
Language as a phenomenon of the third kind
Authors: Dąbrowska Ewa
Published: June 2020

While many linguists view language as either a cognitive or a social phenomenon, it is clearly both: a language can live only in individual minds, but it is learned from examples of utterances produced by speakers engaged in communicative interaction. In other words, language is what (Keller 1994.On language change: The invisible hand in language. London: Taylor & Francis) calls a “phenomenon of the third kind”, emerging from the interaction of a micro-level and a macro-level. Such a dual perspective helps us understand some otherwise puzzling phenomena, including “non-psychological” generalizations, or situations where a pattern which is arguably present in a language is not explicitly represented in most speakers’ minds. This paper discusses two very different examples of such generalizations, genitive marking on masculine nouns in Polish and some restrictions on questions with long-distance dependencies in English. It is argued that such situations are possible because speakers may represent “the same” knowledge at different levels of abstraction: while a few may have extracted an abstract generalization, others approximate their behaviour by relying on memorised exemplars or lexically specific patterns. Thus, a cognitively realistic usage-based construction grammar needs to distinguish between patterns in the usage of a particular speech community (a social phenomenon) and patterns in speakers’ minds (a cognitive phenomenon).
Systematic bias of selected estimates applied in vertical displacement analysis
Authors: Wyszkowska P. , Duchnowski R.
Published: June 2020

In surveying problems we almost always use unbiased estimators; however, even unbiased estimator might yield biased assessments, which is due to data. In statistics one distinguishes several types of such biases, for example, sampling, systemic or response biases. Considering surveying observation sets, bias from data might result from systematic or gross errors of measurements. If nonrandom errors in an observation set are known, then bias can easily be determined for linear estimates (e.g., least squares estimates). In the case of non-linear estimators, it is not so simple. In this paper we are focused on a vertical displacement analysis and we consider traditional least squares estimate, two M
split
estimates and two basic robust estimates, namely M-estimate, R-estimate. The main aim of the paper is to assess estimate biases empirically by applying Monte Carlo method. The smallest biases are obtained for M- and R-estimates, especially for a high magnitude of a gross error. On the other hand, there are several cases when M
split
estimates are the best. Such results are acquired when the magnitude of a gross error is moderate or small. The outcomes confirm that bias of M
split
estimates might vary for different point displacements.
Was sind transzendentale Modalbegriffe?
Authors: Melichar Hannes Gustav
Published: June 2020

The relation between Kant’s conception of modalities in the Postulates of Empirical Thought and Hegel’s conception in the Logic of Essence has not been addressed in the current scholarship. I argue that there is in fact a close connection that becomes visible if the desideratum which is implied by Kant’s conceptions is understood. Thus, after an analysis of the Kantian modal postulates, the article shows that they are sufficient to characterize the necessity of Kant’s Grundsätze and, hence, a specific form of synthetic propositions a priori. However, I will prove that they are insufficient to characterize Kant’s synthetic propositions a priori about transcendental philosophy. This insufficiency in the characterization of transcendental philosophy itself brings into the arena Hegel, who supplements the Kantian modalities with a self-reflexive form of transcendental modality.
Schiller after Kant: The “Unexpected Science” of theBriefe über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen
Authors: Mehigan Tim
Published: June 2020

In the Briefe über die Ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen, the focus of this article, Schiller’s ostensible aim – to complete Kant’s aesthetic theory – is progressively abandoned. The article examines the reasons for this abandonment. On the one hand, Schiller’s original purpose was overtaken by events in France. Schiller found that he could no longer sustain confidence in reason’s capacity to build a durable political republic. On the other hand, the alternative path he favours involves him in the expounding of an anthropology he did not set out to undertake. The Ästhetische Briefe, for this reason, finds itself adumbrating an “unexpected science” with little remaining reference to Kant – an account of the human being whose desirable future state, that of morality, can only be made secure by passage through the aesthetic state. A by-product of this argument, and perhaps its chief consequence, is that it finally settles the quarrel of the ancients and the moderns (in favour of the moderns).
Dimerization of 2-[(2-((2-aminophenyl)thio)phenyl)amino]-cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one through hydrogen bonding, C19H16N2OS
Authors: Hanft Anna , Lichtenberg Crispin
Published: June 2020

C19H16N2OS, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.1510(3) Å, b = 8.8021(3) Å, c = 11.3953(5) Å, α = 72.546(2)°, β = 84.568(2)°, γ = 80.760(2)°, V = 768.86(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0491, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1494, T = 100 K.
Operative Anpassung von NATO-Streitkräften seit der Krim: Muster und Divergenzen
Authors: Masuhr Niklas
Published: June 2020

Kurzfassung

Mehr als fünf Jahre nach dem NATO-Gipfel in Wales blickt dieser Artikel auf die Prioritäten der Allianz sowie die Streitkräfteentwicklung einer Auswahl ihrer Mitglieder. Konkret wird zunächst die Bündnisebene in den Blick genommen und anschließend werden die Landstreitkräfte der USA, Großbritanniens, Frankreichs, Polens und Deutschlands betrachtet. Die Analyse legt dar, dass alle betrachteten Landstreitkräfte, mit Ausnahme Frankreichs, nach Osten blicken, hierbei allerdings auf unterschiedlichen Konfliktbildern, politischen Kontexten und bestehenden Streitkräftestrukturen aufbauen, aus denen sich Divergenzen ergeben.
Structural Integrity of Additive Manufactured Parts
Authors: Shamsaei Nima , Daniewicz Steve , Hrabe Nik , Beretta Stefano , Waller Jess , Seifi Mohsen
Published: June 2020

Description

Get the first book in this new additive manufacturing series supported by the ASTM International Additive Manufacturing Center of Excellence (AM CoE). This publication features 27 peer-reviewed papers authored by experts from private industry, governmental organizations and academia.

Several of the papers delve deeply into additive manufactured parts and nondestructive testing, focusing on such topics as
Probabilistic Framework for Defect Tolerant Fatigue Assessment of Additively Manufactured Parts Applied to a Space Component
Authors: Romano Simone , Beretta Stefano , Miccoli Stefano , Gschweitl Michael
Published: June 2020

The ability to predict the fatigue resistance of parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM) is a current and relevant open issue. Material fatigue resistance often is characterized by large scatter and poor repeatability, mostly because of the presence of manufacturing defects. Although industries would obtain a great benefit from the application of AM to structural and critical parts, the current lack of knowledge, standards, acceptability criteria, and software available hinder most of these applications. In this work, the fracture mechanics-based software ProFACE (Probabilistic Fatigue Assessment of Components with Defects) has been applied to a space component, demonstrating its capability to analyse typical AM issues in light of a robust fatigue assessment for design and qualification, and discussing the impact of the most relevant variables on the reliability of the part.
Glycyrrhizic Acid Attenuates Balloon-Induced Vascular Injury Through Inactivation of RAGE Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zhu Zhaowei , Guo Yanan , Li Xuping , Teng Shuai , Peng Xiaofan , Zou Pu , Zhou Shenghua
Published: June 2020

Percutaneous coronary intervention is a well-established technique used to treat coronary artery disease, but the risk of coronary artery in-stent restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention is still high. Previous studies revealed that high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) plays a critical role in neointima formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of glycyrrhizic acid (GA), an HMGB1 inhibitor, in the process of neointima formation and the potential mechanisms. We investigated the role of GA in neointima formation through an iliac artery balloon injury model in rabbits. Proliferation, migration, and phenotype transformation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were observed. Besides, inflammation and receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) signaling pathways were studied. The results indicate that GA attenuated neointima formation and downregulated HMGB1 expression in injured artery in rabbits. HMGB1 promoted proliferation, migration, and phenotype transformation through the activation of RAGE signaling pathways in VSMCs, and blockade of HMGB1 by GA (1, 10, and 100 μM) could attenuate those processes and reduce proliferation of human VSMCs. In conclusion, the HMGB1 inhibitor GA might be useful to treat proliferative vascular diseases by downregulating RAGE signaling pathways. Our results indicate a new and promising therapeutic agent for restenosis.
Determinación de la digestibilidad y energía digestible del forraje seco de mucuna (Mucuna pruriens) en cuyes
Authors: Sotelo M. Alejandrina , Valenzuela R. Rocio , Césare C. Mary Flor , Alegría A. Cecilia , Norabuena M. Edgar , Gonzáles H. Teresa , Paitan A. Elizabeth , Valderrama R. Maria Teresa , Echevarría R. Mariano
Published: June 2020

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los coeficientes de digestibilidad y la energía digestible del forraje seco de mucuna (Mucuna pruriens). Se empleó el método indirecto, considerando como dieta basal el concentrado utilizado en la Granja de Cuyes de Cieneguilla (Lima, Perú). El experimento tuvo una fase de adaptación (14 días) y otra de colección de heces (5 días). Se utilizaron 10 cuyes machos adultos de tres meses de edad, distribuidos en forma aleatoria en jaulas metabólicas individuales. Cinco animales fueron alimentados con la dieta basal y los otros cinco con la dieta experimental: 80% dieta basal y 20% forraje seco de mucuna. Los coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente obtenidos para la mucuna fueron: 66.29% de materia seca, 66.13% de materia orgánica, 74.02% de proteína cruda, 50.82% de fibra cruda, 60.18% de extracto etéreo, 78.22% de extracto libre de nitrógeno y 73.33% de ceniza. El valor de energía digestible estimado fue de 2.61 kcal/g.
Detección y caracterización del circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) circulante en cerdos de los departamentos de Tolima y Huila, Colombia
Authors: Almario-Leiva Geiner , Suarez-Mesa Rafael , Uribe-García Fabián , Rondón-Barragán Iang
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evidenciar la presencia del circovirus porcino 2 (PVC2) y la serorreactividad en granjas porcícolas en las regiones de Tolima y Huila, Colombia, mediante un estudio transversal. Se tomaron muestras de sangre y tejidos (linfonodos, pulmón y riñón) de animales de todas las etapas productivas, incluyendo animales sanos y con signos de la enfermedad. Mediante la prueba de ELISA se detectaron animales seropositivos en todas las etapas productivas. Para identificar la presencia del virus se amplificó el ORF2 completo del PCV2 mediante PCR punto final utilizando ADN extraído de sangre, linfonodos, pulmón y riñón. Las muestras fueron genotipificadas, encontrándose animales positivos a PCV2, tanto sanos como enfermos, en todas las etapas de producción. El análisis de las secuencias demostró un porcentaje de identidad entre 93 y 99% con el genotipo PCV2d. Se encontraron animales sin signos clínicos positivos a la prueba de ELISA y al PCR, lo cual sugiere la presencia de infecciones subclínicas o variaciones en la virulencia de las cepas infectantes. Adicional a estas pruebas, se realizó una encuesta epidemiológica, donde no se detectaron asociaciones significativas entre la presencia del virus y el manejo de la producción.
Efecto de la adición de melatonina en el medio de maduración y/o vitrificación de ovocitos sobre la producción in vitro de embriones bovinos
Authors: Méndez Maria S. , Argudo Daniel E. , Soria Manuel E. , Galarza Luis R. , P. Perea Fernando
Published: June 2020

Se evaluó el efecto de la adición de melatonina (Mt) en el medio de maduración y/o de vitrificación de ovocitos bovinos sobre clivaje y posterior desarrollo embrionario. Los complejos ovocito-células del cúmulo (COCs) fueron obtenidos de vacas criollas mediante la técnica de aspiración transvaginal guiada por ultrasonografía (OPU) y de ovarios de matadero (OM). Del pool de ovocitos obtenidos de ambas fuentes se seleccionaron los que tenían citoplasma homogéneo y tres o más capas compactas de células del cúmulo. Los COCs seleccionados fueron asignados aleatoriamente a cinco tratamientos: T1, madurados con Mt y vitrificados sin Mt; T2, madurados y vitrificados con Mt; T3, madurados sin Mt y vitrificados con Mt; T4 (control) madurados y vitrificados sin Mt; T5, madurados sin Mt y no vitrificados. La concentración de Mt en los medios de maduración y vitrificación fue de 0.01 μM (10-9 M). Los ovocitos fueron madurados, vitrificados, fecundados y los presuntos cigotos cultivados hasta el día 7 pos-fecundación in vitro. Los datos fueron analizados por regresión logística. Independientemente del origen de los ovocitos, el porcentaje de clivaje (PC) y de producción de embriones (PIV) fue similar entre tratamientos. El PC en los ovocitos de OPU fue mayor en T4, y la PIV fue similar entre tratamientos. En los de OM, los resultados no variaron entre tratamiento en PC y PIV. En conclusión, la Mt redujo el PC en ovocitos colectados por OPU, mientras que no afectó la PIV. En los colectados de OM la adición de Mt no afectó el PC ni la PIV
Art Gallery Visitors’ Motivations
Authors: Jurėnienė Virginija , Peseckienė Dovilė
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the motivational factors of visual art institution consumers. Analysis includes Falk’s identity-related theory of motivation for visiting art institutions that discusses how visitors’ experience begins before visiting a museum and is focused on the consumer’s attitude (identity) validation. Consumers’ motivation to visit an art institution depends on not only the proposals provided by the institution and their value to the consumer, but also on accessibility, the environment, and the personnel’s communication. The article introduces the motivations, expectations of consumers of the services provided by Kaunas Picture Gallery as well as evaluation of the services and infrastructure provided by the organisation obtained during study Visitors’ Expectations in Visual Art Institutions.
International tours of theatre as a means of intercultural cooperation
Authors: Meilutė Ieva , Jurėnienė Virginija
Published: June 2020

The 21st century theatre is open to new ideas, new findings and presentation of own works to the consumer on not only the national, but also international level. This stands for communication and cooperation with the consumer and organisations. Theatre tours abroad are one of the forms of intercultural cooperation among organisations and consumers. The article analyses the peculiarities of organising theatre tours, its benefit and levels of cooperation. The study includes an analysis of organising national and commercial theatre tours on an international level which allows concluding that intercultural cooperation can occur on the following three levels: interpersonal (micro), interinstitutional (macro) and international (mezzo). The study reveals another new – mixed – level; however, a new mediating element can be seen in cooperation on micro or macro levels. Both types of theatre (state and non-state) see evident benefit of international tours for the theatre, the troupe and the country. A country can use this as a means of soft power in its foreign policies.
The COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Navarrro-Vargas José Ricardo
Published: June 2020

I open this note with some alarming figures: as of May 26, 2020, over 5 635 000 people have become infected and nearly 350 000 have died from the new coronavirus (COVID-19) worldwide.1 Meanwhile, in Colombia, there are already 21 981 people infected and 750 deaths from this disease, that is, a 3.4% mortality rate.2COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus strain. Most people infected with COVID-19 will develop a mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without the need for hospital care. However, the disease can significantly affect older people and those with underlying diseases such as diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, obesity, and cardiovasculardisease,3 and it could even lead to death, which undoubtedly places a burden on health systems, particularly on intensive care units (ICUs).
Implementasi Toleransi Beragama di Pondok Pesantren (Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Universal Bandung)
Authors: Wiantamiharja Irfan Setia Permana
Published: June 2020

The symptoms of religious intolerance in Indonesia began to undermine diversity in Indonesia. The most influential factor in encouraging the occurrence of these symptoms is education. In this case, education that is Islamic in mind is a pesantren. Pesantren is an educational institution that has its own perspective and style of thinking about tolerance. This study aims to determine the constructs of thought and the implementation of religious tolerance implemented in education and activities carried out at Universal Islamic Boarding Schools. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of the study show that: The construction of thoughts built on religious tolerance is categorized as inclusive thoughts and attitudes in religion, namely thoughts that believe in the existence of truth in other religious beliefs. The foundation of the thought construction is tasamuh, which is a moderate style of Islamic understanding. The concept of religious tolerance is implemented in the policies of Universal Islamic boarding schools through a curriculum of educational activities that reflects education with a multiculturalism-pluralism pattern. This education includes conflict resolution education, Human Rights (HAM), pesantren education for peace. Regarding activities that reflect multiculturalism-pluralism education, namely muhadlarah, pesantren for peace seminars, and cross-cultural discussions with various universities without favoritism.
Status Stok Udang Jerbung (Penaeus merguiensis) di Perairan Bengkalis dan Sekitarnya serta Kemungkinan Pengelolaannya Secara Berkelanjutan.
Authors: Suman Ali , Kembaren Duranta D , Pane Andina Ramadhani Putri , Taufik Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Pemanfatatan sumber daya udang jerbung (Penaeus merguiensis) di perairan Bengkalis dan sekitarnya sudah berlangsung cukup lama dan dilakukan sangat intensif.  Dalam kaitan kelestariannya, dibutuhkan opsi pengelolaan agar sumber daya ini dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji status stok dan kemungkinan pengelolaan udang jerbung di perairan Bengkalis dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada periode survei 2013-2017 dengan metode survey dan dan diperkaya dengan sintesis hasil-hasil penelitian di perairan Bengkalis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa struktur ukuran udang berkisar antara 12-58 mm dengan perbadingan kelamin didominasi udang betina, sementara pola pertumbuhannya bersifat allometrik negatif. Ukuran udang jerbung yang tertangkap pada umumnya belum memijah. Laju pertumbuhan (K) udang jerbung sebagai 1,0/tahun dengan panjang karapas maksimum (Loo) 58,1 mm.  Laju kematian total (Z) dan laju kematian alamiah (M) masing-masing 5,43/tahun dan 1,51/tahun. Laju kematian karena penangkapan (F) sebagai 3,92/tahun dan laju pengusahaan (E) sekitar 0,72/tahun, sementara spawning potential ratio (SPR) adalah 8 %. Dengan demikian status stok udang jerbung sudah berada pada penangkapan berlebih (overfishing). Untuk menjamin kelestariannya, maka perlu dilakukan opsi-opsi pengelolaan meliputi penutupan daerah/musim penangkapan pada bulan April, penetapan ukuran udang jerbung terkecil yang boleh ditangkap yaitu pada ukuran panjang karapas 29,8 mm dan melakukan pengurangan upaya penangkapan sekitar 44 % dari kondisi saat ini. Keseluruhan opsi kebijakan ini harus ditunjang dengan peningkatan pemantauan, pengawasan dan penegakan hukum.
It’s Not So Secret Anymore
Authors: Tite Philip L.
Published: June 2020

Editor's introduction to the issue on the special theme "The Study of Christian Apocrypha". Offers an overview of recent trends in the study of Christian apocrypha, brief summary of each article in the issue, and sets forth several recommendations for future research. The editorial introduction closes with a personal farewell and notes of appreciation, as this is his final editorial introduction as editor of the journal.
The Manifestation and the Change of Lithuanian Academic Youth's National Identity
Authors: Antinienė Dalia , Širvinskienė Giedrė , Lekavičienė Rosita
Published: June 2020

This article deals with the peculiarities of understanding the attitudes of national identity among Lithuanian academic youth. The study took place in 2003, 2008, and 2018. Results revealed that the national identity scale can be very wide, starting from an extreme national chauvinism that emphasizes national exclusivity to cosmopolitanism that ignores national culture, traditions, patriotism.
Wittgenstein's Forms of Life: A Tool of Perspicuous Representation
Authors: Lagerspetz Olli
Published: June 2020

The focus is on two texts by Wittgenstein where ‘forms of life’ constitute the pivot of an extended argument: ‘Cause and Effect’ and the discussion of colour concepts in ‘Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology’. The author argues that forms of life are above all Wittgenstein's response to the question what it is to analyse a concept. The remark that forms of life are ‘given’ and must be ‘accepted’ is a natural corollary of Wittgenstein’s antireductionism and his idea of philosophy as a descriptive enterprise. Wittgenstein is, however, not offering forms of life as the ultimate foundation of our statements about causation or colour. He shifts the focus to the questioning activity itself. Our inquiries and descriptions imply conceptions of how to look and what to accept as verification. Forms of life are given, not because they cannot be analysed further, but because the investigation will take them as given. Comparisons are made, on the one hand, with G.H. von Wright’s interventionist account of the concept of causation and, on the other hand, with the two currently dominant interpretations of ‘forms of life’: the ‘linguistic community’ view and the ‘naturalist’ view.
Evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews for the dissemination control of the COVID-19 infection
Authors: Flumignan Ronald , Nakano Luis , Pascoal Patricia , Santos Brena , Correia Rebeca , Silveira Beatriz , Takihi Fabio , Flumignan Carolina , Amorim Jorge , Atallah Alvaro
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 infection has high transmissibility and several measures have been adopted for dissemination control. Objective: To identify and summarize the evidence from the Cochrane systematic reviews (SR) on measures to control the dissemination of the COVID-19 infection. Study design: This review of Cochrane SR has carried out in the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and in the Division of Emergency Medicine and Evidence-Based Medicine of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A comprehensive search in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews retrieved all Cochrane SR directly related to control measures for the COVID-19 dissemination. The main characteristics and results of all included SR were summarized and discussed. Results: Three Cochrane SRs were included in the qualitative synthesis and they evaluated populational and individual measures to control the dissemination of COVID-19. Conclusion: Low-certainty evidence show that quarantine of people exposed to those confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases prevented 44% - 81% of incident cases and 31% - 63% of deaths compared to no measures and as sooner the quarantine measures are implemented, greater costs are saved. High-confidence evidence showed that clear communication about infection control and prevention guidelines was vital to its implementation. Low-certainty evidence showed that people with a long gown had less contamination than those with a coverall, and the coverall was more difficult to doff. Other SRs are desirable for controlling the dissemination of the COVID-19 infection.
Modeling Fluency and Faithfulness for Diverse Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Feng Yang , Xie Wanying , Gu Shuhao , Shao Chenze , Zhang Wen , Yang Zhengxin , Yu Dong
Published: June 2020

Neural machine translation models usually adopt the teacher forcing strategy for training which requires the predicted sequence matches ground truth word by word and forces the probability of each prediction to approach a 0-1 distribution. However, the strategy casts all the portion of the distribution to the ground truth word and ignores other words in the target vocabulary even when the ground truth word cannot dominate the distribution. To address the problem of teacher forcing, we propose a method to introduce an evaluation module to guide the distribution of the prediction. The evaluation module accesses each prediction from the perspectives of fluency and faithfulness to encourage the model to generate the word which has a fluent connection with its past and future translation and meanwhile tends to form a translation equivalent in meaning to the source. The experiments on multiple translation tasks show that our method can achieve significant improvements over strong baselines.
Functionality Discovery and Prediction of Physical Objects
Authors: Ji Lei , Shi Botian , Guo Xianglin , Chen Xilin
Published: June 2020

Functionality is a fundamental attribute of an object which indicates the capability to be used to perform specific actions. It is critical to empower robots the functionality knowledge in discovering appropriate objects for a task e.g. cut cake using knife. Existing research works have focused on understanding object functionality through human-object-interaction from extensively annotated image or video data and are hard to scale up. In this paper, we (1) mine object-functionality knowledge through pattern-based and model-based methods from text, (2) introduce a novel task on physical object-functionality prediction, which consumes an image and an action query to predict whether the object in the image can perform the action, and (3) propose a method to leverage the mined functionality knowledge for the new task. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our methods.
Unsupervised Detection of Sub-Events in Large Scale Disasters
Authors: Arachie Chidubem , Gaur Manas , Anzaroot Sam , Groves William , Zhang Ke , Jaimes Alejandro
Published: June 2020

Social media plays a major role during and after major natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes, large-scale fires, etc.), as people “on the ground” post useful information on what is actually happening. Given the large amounts of posts, a major challenge is identifying the information that is useful and actionable. Emergency responders are largely interested in finding out what events are taking place so they can properly plan and deploy resources. In this paper we address the problem of automatically identifying important sub-events (within a large-scale emergency “event”, such as a hurricane). In particular, we present a novel, unsupervised learning framework to detect sub-events in Tweets for retrospective crisis analysis. We first extract noun-verb pairs and phrases from raw tweets as sub-event candidates. Then, we learn a semantic embedding of extracted noun-verb pairs and phrases, and rank them against a crisis-specific ontology. We filter out noisy and irrelevant information then cluster the noun-verb pairs and phrases so that the top-ranked ones describe the most important sub-events. Through quantitative experiments on two large crisis data sets (Hurricane Harvey and the 2015 Nepal Earthquake), we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach over the state-of-the-art. Our qualitative evaluation shows better performance compared to our baseline.
Discriminating Cognitive Disequilibrium and Flow in Problem Solving: A Semi-Supervised Approach Using Involuntary Dynamic Behavioral Signals
Authors: Goswami Mononito , Chen Lujie , Dubrawski Artur
Published: June 2020

Problem solving is one of the most important 21st century skills. However, effectively coaching young students in problem solving is challenging because teachers must continuously monitor their cognitive and affective states, and make real-time pedagogical interventions to maximize their learning outcomes. It is an even more challenging task in social environments with limited human coaching resources. To lessen the cognitive load on a teacher and enable affect-sensitive intelligent tutoring, many researchers have investigated automated cognitive and affective detection methods. However, most of the studies use culturally-sensitive indices of affect that are prone to social editing such as facial expressions, and only few studies have explored involuntary dynamic behavioral signals such as gross body movements. In addition, most current methods rely on expensive labelled data from trained annotators for supervised learning. In this paper, we explore a semi-supervised learning framework that can learn low-dimensional representations of involuntary dynamic behavioral signals (mainly gross-body movements) from a modest number of short time series segments. Experiments on a real-world dataset reveal a significant advantage of these representations in discriminating cognitive disequilibrium and flow, as compared to traditional complexity measures from dynamical systems literature, and demonstrate their potential in transferring learned models to previously unseen subjects.
Protecting Geolocation Privacy of Photo Collections
Authors: Yang Jinghan , Chakrabarti Ayan , Vorobeychik Yevgeniy
Published: June 2020

People increasingly share personal information, including their photos and photo collections, on social media. This information, however, can compromise individual privacy, particularly as social media platforms use it to infer detailed models of user behavior, including tracking their location. We consider the specific issue of location privacy as potentially revealed by posting photo collections, which facilitate accurate geolocation with the help of deep learning methods even in the absence of geotags. One means to limit associated inadvertent geolocation privacy disclosure is by carefully pruning select photos from photo collections before these are posted publicly. We study this problem formally as a combinatorial optimization problem in the context of geolocation prediction facilitated by deep learning. We first demonstrate the complexity both by showing that a natural greedy algorithm can be arbitrarily bad and by proving that the problem is NP-Hard. We then exhibit an important tractable special case, as well as a more general approach based on mixed-integer linear programming. Through extensive experiments on real photo collections, we demonstrate that our approaches are indeed highly effective at preserving geolocation privacy.
Doctor2Vec: Dynamic Doctor Representation Learning for Clinical Trial Recruitment
Authors: Biswal Siddharth , Xiao Cao , Glass Lucas M. , Milkovits Elizabeth , Sun Jimeng
Published: June 2020

Massive electronic health records (EHRs) enable the success of learning accurate patient representations to support various predictive health applications. In contrast, doctor representation was not well studied despite that doctors play pivotal roles in healthcare. How to construct the right doctor representations? How to use doctor representation to solve important health analytic problems? In this work, we study the problem on clinical trial recruitment, which is about identifying the right doctors to help conduct the trials based on the trial description and patient EHR data of those doctors. We propose Doctor2Vec which simultaneously learns 1) doctor representations from EHR data and 2) trial representations from the description and categorical information about the trials. In particular, Doctor2Vec utilizes a dynamic memory network where the doctor's experience with patients are stored in the memory bank and the network will dynamically assign weights based on the trial representation via an attention mechanism. Validated on large real-world trials and EHR data including 2,609 trials, 25K doctors and 430K patients, Doctor2Vec demonstrated improved performance over the best baseline by up to 8.7% in PR-AUC. We also demonstrated that the Doctor2Vec embedding can be transferred to benefit data insufficiency settings including trial recruitment in less populated/newly explored country with 13.7% improvement or for rare diseases with 8.1% improvement in PR-AUC.
Kanser Hastalarında Umutsuzluk ve Manevi Bakım Algısının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ATAN Gülden , ÖZER Zülfinaz , BAHÇECİOĞLU TURAN Gülcan
Published: June 2020

Aims: This study was
conducted descriptively and cross-sectionally to evaluate hopelessness and
spiritual care perceptions of cancer patientsMaterials and Methods: The
population of this study consisted of all cancer patients treated in an
oncology department of a university hospital between June and September 2019.
The sample of the study consisted of 125 patients who were 18 years or older,
who had cancer and had no physical and mental problems that could prevent
participation in the study, voluntarily accepted to participate in the study,
and had cognitive competence to answer the questions. Data were collected by
researchers using the "Personal Information Form", "BECK
Hopelessness Scale" and "Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating
Scale" by face to face interview technique.Results: The
mean BECK Hopelessness Scale score of the patients was 11.63 ± 5.34. The mean
score of spirituality and spiritual care scale of the patients was 66.54 ±
4.90. In addition, it was concluded that there was no statistically significant
and linear relationship between spirituality and spiritual care perceptions and
hopelessness levels of the patients included in the study (p> 0.05).

Conclusions:
Cancer patients had moderate hopelessness. Spiritual and spiritual care
perceptions of the patients were found to be high. In addition, no
statistically significant relationship was found between the perceptions of
spirituality and spiritual care and hopelessness levels.
HEIDEGGER’S DASEIN AND ANGST: EXAMINING THE ANXIETY OF EXISTENCE IN INGMAR BERGMAN’S PERSONA
Authors: GÖNCÜOĞLU M. Önder
Published: June 2020

According to a common belief, anxiety can be an experience of a certain degree of powerlessness because a person suffering from anxiety is hampered as a person who cannot possess a particular category of power. This lack of a desired power manifests as the source of emotion that results in anxiety. Because fear and anxiety are commonly used interchangeably in ordinary discourse, fear is often used erroneously instead of anxiety when, under further examination, anxiety would be the preferable usage. However, shedding light on the idea of anxiety (Angst), Heidegger (1889-1976) in Being and Time (1927) takes it upon himself to distinguish fear from anxiety: while the former (Fear) is experienced as an identifiable object -- as a threat qua threat -- to our life, the latter (Angst) is experienced where there is no identifiable object resulting in a relatively eventual traumatic experience, whereby the individual is “deprived of any avenue of escape from the threatening danger.” Anxiety of existence on its own as a philosophical problem in Heidegger’s examination is elaborated by the concepts of Being or Dasein (Existence). In this respect, describing ‘the self of everyday Dasein’ as the ‘the-self-there,’ Heidegger differentiates ‘authentic being’ from ‘inauthentic being.’ He highlights the problematic that we as human beings are thrown into the world of Being where individuals may fail to identify and differentiate themselves among inauthentic inscriptions of the masses within the confines of Existence. Examining the anxiety of Existence (Being of the world) around the idea of Dasein (Being in the world), Heidegger therefore discusses the anxiety under the rubric of thrownness. To this end, in this essay, with a Heideggerian perception of anxiety, I will discuss Ingmar Bergman’s (1918-2007) classic work of art Persona (1966) by bringing forth the personality of a successful actress, found in Elizabeth Vogler (Liv Ullmann)’s story, where she seems to be suffering from an enigmatic mental collapse with symptoms such as muteness and a near catatonic lassitude.
Language-aware operational culture
Authors: Bergroth Mari , Hansell Katri
Published: June 2020

This study examines how practitioners of minority-medium Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in Finland reflect on language awareness (LA) in their professional learning communities (PLCs). The study is conducted within in-service training for ECEC practitioners and it also highlights how these practitioner reflections can be of use and support developing future in-service training within the action research framework. The data include nine group discussions on a reflection task, with 41 primary participants and 165 secondary participants from each primary participant’s respective PLC. As a starting point, the researcher-trainers identified six language-policy themes on LA in national policy documents. These were presented for practitioners, who then discussed them both in their respective PLCs and within the in-service training. The in-service discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed for qualitative-content analysis. During the analysis, the focus was on the dynamics of minority-majority positions, with the following themes emerging: i) Language contacts; ii) bilingual children and multi-layered identity; and iii) developing multilingual pedagogies. The results showed that the same insights often were treated both as strengths and weaknesses, and that a need exists for support so that practitioners can implement language-aware educational policy into their operational cultures.