bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considerations On The Nature Of The Co-Operation Proceedings And The Legislative Regulation Of Separate Related Issues
Authors: Mheryan Robert
Published: August 2024

This article explores certain fundamental issues concerning co-operation proceedings as simplified form of judicial procedure, introduces its definition and terminology used therein.
The institution above has entered into the field of application in the domestic legal system relatively recently, which means that a number of problems have arisen and will arise in practical work, the prior discussion of a part of which can certainly contribute to the search and application of their most accurate solutions, which also demonstrates the relevance of this study. The problem of this article is to highlight the problems that may arise in the application of the co-operation proceedings, to discuss their legal regulations, to highlight the problematic and effective aspects, and to propose certain solutions as the goal of the work.
Boundaries of co-operation, motion of the accused, the decision made by the supervising prosecutor on the motion, issues regarding the opinion of the investigator, "unsuccessful" co-operation, possibility of signing a cooperation agreement as a result of negotiations in the absence of a clearly expressed position of the accused regarding the admission of guilt in the act attributed to him, submitting the motion directly to the prosecutor have been discussed under the article and proposals have been presented. The situations when a person, not being formally accused, essentially co-operates with the preliminary investigation bodies, without being informed that the information under his or her possession could become the subject of co-operation proceedings, are also discussed.
The considerations made in the article on the indicated issues can further improve the existing legal regulations to the benefit of private and public participants in the proceedings.
SUY THƯỢNG THẬN Ở BỆNH NHÂN HIV/AIDS CÓ VIÊM MÀNG NÃO DO NẤM CRYPTOCOCCUS: BÁO CÁO CA BỆNH VÀ TỔNG QUAN Y VĂN
Authors: Du Trọng Đức , Võ Triều Lý , Hồ Nguyễn Ngọc Phương , Nguyễn Thị Như Quỳnh , Đào Nguyễn Bảo Trân , Nguyễn Hồng Đào , Hồ Đặng Trung Nghĩa , Nguyễn Lê Như Tùng
Published: August 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Suy thượng thận tuy không phải là vấn đề hiếm gặp ở bệnh nhân (BN) nhiễm HIV nhưng thường bị bỏ sót trong thực hành lâm sàng. Bên cạnh nguyên nhân do nhiễm trùng cơ hội, một số thuốc điều trị có thể thúc đẩy hoặc gây ra tình trạng suy thượng thận.Phương pháp: Mô tả ca lâm sàng và tổng quan y văn.Mô tả ca bệnh: BN nam, 48 tuổi, nhập viện vì đau đầu kéo dài kèm sốt. BN được chẩn đoán viêm màng não do vi nấm Cryptococcus neoformans và được điều trị với amphotericin B truyền tĩnh mạch kèm fluconazol liều cao. Sau khi hoàn tất giai đoạn tấn công và cấy nấm DNT âm tính, BN xuất hiện sốt, buồn nôn, đầy bụng và tiến triển xấu về tri giác (lú lẫn, mất biểu cảm lời nói). Tại thời điểm đó, natri máu thấp kéo dài, tăng bạch cầu ái toan máu và tăng cao CRP. Động học cortisol máu buổi sáng có khuynh hướng giảm dần. Tình trạng BN cải thiện sau đó với điều trị sử dụng thuốc hydrocortison tiêm tĩnh mạch.Bàn luận: Tuy không được thực hiện nghiệm pháp kích thích ACTH, các biểu hiện lâm sàng và nồng độ cortisol máu nền buổi sáng rất thấp ở BN phù hợp với chẩn đoán suy thượng thận. Đáp ứng với điều trị hydrocortison đã củng cố cho chẩn đoán này.Kết luận: Suy thượng thận là vấn đề cần quan tâm ở các bệnh nhân lớn tuổi và có các biểu hiện lâm sàng gợi ý. Tuy hiếm gặp, sử dụng fluconazol liều cao vẫn có thể là nguyên nhân có thể gây ra suy thượng thận và các bác sĩ lâm sàng cần cảnh giác với căn nguyên này.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM PHÂN BỐ VÀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ VI KHUẨN GÂY BỆNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH NINH THUẬN NĂM 2023
Authors: Đỗ Thùy Dung , Lê Huy Thạch , Trương Văn Hội , Lê Văn Thanh , Trương Duy Phú
Published: August 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát sự phân bố của các vi khuẩn gây bệnh thường gặp và kháng kháng sinh của chúng.Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, thu thập dữ liệu về định danh vi khuẩn từ các loạibệnh phẩm và kết quả kháng sinh đồ tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Ninh Thuận từ tháng 01 đến tháng 10/2023.Kết quả và kết luận: Tổng cộng có 1.329 mẫu bệnh phẩm khác nhau của bệnh nhân được chỉ định nuôi cấy và có 276 mẫu cho kết quả vi khuẩn gây bệnh dương tính chiếm tỷ lệ 20,8%. Vi khuẩn Gram âm chiếm tỷ lệ 84,1% cao hơn so với vi khuẩn Gram dương 15,9%. Trong nhóm vi khuẩn Gram âm, thường gặp là E. Coli (38,8%), Klebsiella spp (26,3%), Acinetobacter spp (17,2%). Trong nhóm vi khuẩn Gram dương, nổi trội là S. aureus 70,5%. Các vi khuẩn đường ruột đều kháng với các loại kháng sinh mức độ thấp hơn các trực khuẩn Gram âm không lên men đường (Acinetobacter spp.). Không phát hiện chủng S. aureus kháng vancomycin, linezolid và teicoplanin.
Experiencias de migración y retorno. Discriminación y racismo en Guatemala y Estados Unidos desde la mirada de migrantes guatemaltecos
Authors: Alfaro Andonie Hugo Fauzi
Published: August 2024

Los retornados tienen la experiencia de haber vivido en al menos dos sociedades distintas: la de origen y la de destino. En su memoria y en sus reflexiones abundan los contrastes y las comparaciones entre los dos puntos. Así, sus miradas ofrecen la oportunidad de descubrir y entender las diferencias y similitudes de un mismo fenómeno en dos lugares distintos. En este libro, esos fenómenos son la discriminación y el racismo. A partir de lo vivido en las calles de Guatemala y en las ciudades que fueron su hogar durante años en Estados Unidos, se busca entender cómo la discriminación se invisibiliza, se manifiesta, y se comprende en los dos países por aquellos que son sus víctimas, testigos y, en ocasiones también, sus reproductores: los retornados guatemaltecos.  Este estudio tiene como base las historias de vidas de personas retornadas. Las experiencias de infancia y juventud, la vida en Estados Unidos, y el choque del retorno son contextualizados y analizados para entender cómo la experiencia migratoria incide sobre la percepción de la discriminación y en uno de sus principales efectos, la reproducción de las desigualdades.
Predictive Customer Analytics: Machine Learning for Churn Prediction and Retention
Authors: Qaraeen Tasneem , Qaqour Nora , Taqatqa Sameh
Published: August 2024

Customer churn presents a big challenge in the industry. Businesses have to deal with the problem of customers stopping using their products and services due to dissatisfaction, competitive offers, more affordable alternatives, or changing needs. Churn can be damaging to businesses since it causes revenue loss and higher costs. To address this issue, our research aimed to develop a prediction model that helps predict customer churn. We started with getting the data set about telecommunication. Our analysis and model development were based on this dataset. Then we did data visualization to gain a better understanding of the data through multiple charts. After that, we performed data preparation. First, we did data transformation, data cleansing to address missing values and outliers; feature selection was done, and finally, in this step, the data set was split into testing and training sets. Multiple machine learning algorithms were used for modeling, such as decision trees, random forests, logistic regression, support vector machines, Naïve Bayes, and neural networks. Following model development, we evaluated the model performance with each algorithm using tune model hyperparameters. The decision tree algorithm performed the best with %96.7 accuracy, %96.9 precision, %99.3 recall, and %98.1 F1-score. These findings showed how effective decision tree algorithms are in predicting customer churn. This predictive model will enable telecommunication businesses to predict potential churn, make retention strategies, reduce customer churn and increase customer retention rates.
The Impact of Small Business Financing on The Digital Palestinian Economy
Authors: Bayyoud Mohammed , Irziqat Sadi , Rezeq Mohanad
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the influence of financing on the digital economy of small businesses in Palestine. Through a combination of surveys and interviews with 50 Palestinian small business owners, the research reveals a nuanced relationship between financial support and its economic effects. The findings indicate that while some respondents experienced benefits such as enhanced competitiveness and market expansion, others encountered difficulties, suggesting the need for customized financial solutions. The study identifies prevalent financing mechanisms, including bank loans and government grants, and emphasizes the importance of specialized support programs in fostering entrepreneurship and generating employment. Job creation is highlighted as a significant economic impact, corroborating existing research on the role of small businesses in reducing unemployment and promoting economic stability. The study also addresses challenges related to financing, such as regulatory hurdles and political issues with international stakeholders, as noted in the literature. Overcoming these challenges is essential for maximizing the potential of small businesses in Palestine. Recommendations from respondents include simplifying regulations and enhancing collaboration between government bodies and financial institutions, offering practical measures to improve financial accessibility for small enterprises. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how financing mechanisms can stimulate economic growth within the unique context of Palestine.
The Climate, Land, Energy and Water Framework
Authors:   International Atomic Energy Agency
Published: August 2024

Ensuring universal access to energy, food and water, while addressing challenges such as climate change, is critical to sustainable development. These objectives are highly interdependent, and responding in one area may have positive or negative impacts on others. To support Member States in elaborating integrated strategies to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals in these areas, the IAEA has developed the CLEW (climate, land, energy and water) framework, in cooperation with other UN organizations and scientific experts. The objective of this publication is to provide guidance on the application of the CLEW framework, which integrates quantitative tools for climate, land, energy and water modelling. The publication comprises a methodology handbook for practitioners in Member States, international organizations, NGOs seeking to apply integrated assessment approaches and methodologies to develop coherent sustainable and climate resilient energy, water and land use strategies.
Reinforcement Learning in Social Sciences: A Survey
Authors: El-Shahat Doaa , Talal Nourhan , Abouhawwash Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become one of the most prominent topics in artificial intelligence research. It is widely used in various fields, such as recommendation systems, psychology, economics, and natural language dialogue systems. Finding the best path of action to maximize cumulative reward is the long-term strategy of RL. Undertaking research may yield suboptimal immediate results but optimal long-term consequences. Economists can address difficult behavioral problems with knowledge, especially those generated by deep learning algorithms. We provide the most recent advancements in RL methods in this study, along with their applications in gaming, finance, and economics. The survey's last section discusses RL's present problems and potential future developments. Such open problems as sample efficiency, safety, and interpretability are currently being sought after by researchers. Moreover, several ambitious prospective applications of RL in a wide variety of domains are discussed. This study gives a comprehensive review of the many methods and uses of RL in social science. This study's results will give researchers a standard against which to evaluate the utility and efficacy of frequently used RL. Guide future investigations across several domains.
Autorretrato De Van Gogh: Enfermedad de Menière
Authors: Sierra-Ramírez José Alfredo , Teresa de la O Gómez Ana , Ramos Maldonado Daniel
Published: August 2024

Vincent Van Gogh, una figura transcendental del postimpresionismo, es famoso no solo por sus impresionantes pinturas, sino también por las numerosas enfermedades que afectaron su vida. Se ha sugerido que una de las causas principales de sus síntomas físicos y psicológicos fue la enfermedad de Ménière. Esta revisión analiza críticamente una variedad de diagnósticos médicos que se han propuesto a lo largo del tiempo y se enfoca en la literatura reciente sobre cómo la enfermedad de Ménière afectó la vida y la obra de Van Gogh. Este artículo busca proporcionar una comprensión matizada de cómo la salud de Van Gogh influyó en su legado artístico utilizando un enfoque interdisciplinario.
LOCALISATION SECONDAIRE D’UN ADENOME PLEOMORPHE DE LA PAROTIDE : ENSEMENCEMENT OU METASTASE ?
Authors: LOUM, et al... Birame
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequent of benign tumors of the parotid gland. This benignity is certainly reassuring but it hides a surgical stake by its risk of recurrence or secondary sites. We report a rare case of secondary and late localization to the sternocleidomastoid muscle of a pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland. Clinique case : F. T., 30 years old, had benefited, in December 2001, from a left conservative total parotidectomy. The anatomo-pathological examination of the surgical specimen was in favor Of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid. The patient was reviewed in consultation, on January 2013, for small scattered left laterocervical masses. MRI confirmed the presence of small pearl of masses located in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The parotid chamber was empty. A removal of the lesions carrying part of the anterior head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was performed. The anatomopathological examination of the surgical specimen showed a pleomorphic adenoma. Discussion: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequent histological type of benign tumors of the parotid gland. His treatment is surgical. However, the surgical technique must be rigorous to avoid seeding the neighboring tissues. On the other hand, one is never safe from a remote dissemination for a tumor that remains benign. Keywords : pleomorphic adenoma, recurrent, sternocleidomastoid, MRI
PLACE DE LA GASTRECTOMIE DANS LA PRISE EN CHARGE DES CANCERS DE L’ESTOMAC : A PROPOS DE 68 CAS A BOBO DIOULASSO
Authors: Somé Ollo Roland
Published: August 2024

Introduction : Gastric cancer is at the forefront of digestive cancers in the surgical service in Sub-Saharan Africa. His management is however faced with the delay in diagnosis. We propose to situate the place of gastrectomy in the treatment of cancers in our context. Patients and Methods : This was a 3.5-year retrospective descriptive study that included all patients with confirmed gastric cancer. The therapeutic and pronogsis aspects were the parameters studied. Survival was appreciated by the Kaplan Meier method. Results : We have identified 68 patients including 44 men and 24 women. The average age was 55.3 ± 14. The operability and resectability rates were 69.1% and 59.6% (28/47). Laparoscopy for suspicion of peritoneal carcinomatosis prevented subsequent laparotomy in 6 cases. 4/5 gastrectomy and D1.5 dissection was performed in 18 cases (38.3%) and total gastrectomy in 2 cases. Morbidity and early mortality were 21% (n = 10) and 8.5% (n = 4) respectively, observed in older adults. The overall survival of operated patients was 35% at 1 year and 22.2% at 2 years. The 1-year survival of curative patients was better (50%) than that of patients who received palliative surgery (20%) (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The resection rate for curative purposes remains the challenge to detect early cases, and the addition of perioperative chemotherapy to improve survival. Keywords: Gastric cancer, Surgery, Survival, Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital
PREVALENCE ET CONSEQUENCES DES HYSTERECTOMIES A LA MATERNITE DU CENTRE DE SANTE DE REFERENCE DE LA COMMUNE VI DU DISTRICT DE BAMAKO
Authors: KEITA, et al... MAMADOU
Published: August 2024

Goal: To value the prevalence, and the consequences of the hysterectomy in the center of health of reference of the Commune VI of the District of Bamako. Patient and method: We had achieved a retrospective mixed survey on 11 years (January 2004, December 2015) and forecasting for 18 months (January 2016, June 2017), of descriptive type, has been achieved in the service of gynecology and obstetrics of the center of health of reference of the common VI, on 278 cases of hysterectomy. Results: The survey concerned 278 cases of hysterectomy that has been achieved in the service of gynecology and obstetrics of the center of health of reference of the common VI. The global prevalence of the hysterectomy has been estimated to 2, 54%, the main indications were the uterine myomatose (42,8%), the abdominal way was the more used (69, 7%), the obstetric hysterectomy was of 28%, the annexectomy was the most associate gesture (80, 2%). The complications was dominated by bleeding preoperative the hemorrhage (6, 11%). The post-operative complications were dominated by anemia (7, 5%). The consequences of the hysterectomy on the quality of life were: a decrease of the sexual desire (34, 17%), hot flust (30, 9%), vaginal dryness (24, 8%), deep dyspareunie (5, 7%), a shrinkage and/or a shortening of the vagina (3, 9%). Conclusion: our survey found a high prevalence of the hysterectomy in gravidopuerperale period; the impacts of the hysterectomy on the quality of life are real. The organization of emergency obstetric cares and neonatal of emergency, the preoperative preparation, can contribute to improve the quality of life of the patients. Key words: Hysterectomy, consequence, prevention centers health of reference common VI, Bamako (Mali)
HERNIE PARADUODENALE DROITE DANS LE SERVICE DE CHIRURGIE DE CHIRURGIE GENERALE DU CENTRE DE SANTE DE REFERENCE DE LA COMMUNE VI DU DISTRICT DE BAMAKO
Authors: Diallo Mamadou
Published: August 2024

Right paraduodenal hernia is a cause of bowel obstruction. We rapported a case treated succefully by laparotomy surgery, a 31 years old manwas admited in emergency for severe abdominal pain and abdominal distension. The symtom started 22 hours ago without fever. Physical examinatin found a abdominal pain maximum in the right hypochondrium. The laboratory test was normal. The ASP radiographyshowed the sign of bowel obstruction on the small intestin.Laparotomy surgery was performed in emergency. An hernia orifice was observed near the right side of the ligament of Treitz and 2 meter of small intestin was incarcerated through the orifice into the retroperitonium. There was no bowel gangrenous. There was no postoperative complication and patient was discharged on POD 5. Conclusion : right paraduodenal hernia is a rare cause of bowel obstruction. The peoperative diagnostic is no easy. The laparotomie surgery stay a good approach to resolve this diagnostic and therapeutic problem in ours conditions. Key words : right paraduodenal hernia, laparotomy,emergency, CSRéfCVI
COMPLICATIONS UROLOGIQUES DANS LA CHIRURGIE DES CANCERS GYNÉCOLOGIQUES AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE DE CONAKRY
Authors: Traore Bangaly
Published: August 2024

Objective: To assess the management of urological complications (UC) in gynecological cancer (GC) surgery at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Conakry. Patients and method: Retrospective and descriptive multicenter study of UC occurring in patients operated on for GC from 2007 to 2016. Complications were defined as urinary tract lesions and vesico-sphincteric disorders. Results: We found 57 (20.5%) UC in 278 patients operated on for cervical 51 (89.5%), ovarian 5 (8.8%) and vaginal 1 (1.8%) cancers. These complications were urinary tract lesions observed intraoperatively in 9 cases (15.8%) and postoperatively in 10 cases (17.5%), and functional disorders in 38 (66.7%). The intraoperative lesions were 7 bladder wounds repaired by suture, and 6 complete ureteral sections of which 4 were anastomosed and 2 repaired by ureterovesical reimplantation. Postoperatively, there were 6 vesicovaginal fistulas treated by fistulorraphy, 2 uterovaginal fistulas repaired by uterovaginal reimplantation, and 1 ureteral stenosis treated by segmental resection followed by suture. Functional disorders included urine retention 31 (54.4%) and urinary incontinence 7 times (12.3%). Sphincter rehabilitation 17 cases (29.8%), repeated bladder catheterization 32 cases (56.1%), and vitamin B1 injection or oxybutynin 30 cases (52.6%) achieved remission of these disorders in 31 (81.6%) cases. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of GCs and careful dissection during pelvic surgery can reduce the frequency of these urologic complications in our practice. Key words: Gynecological cancers surgery, urological complications
INVAGINATIONS INTESTINALES AIGÜES CHEZ L’ADULTE : FREQUENCE ET PRISE EN CHARGE AU SERVICE DE CHIRURGIE VISCERALE DE L’HOPITAL NATIONAL DONKA CHU DE CONAKRY
Authors: BALDE, et al... Habiboulaye
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Intussusception is rare in adults, most often occurring in a tumor of the small intestine. The goal of this work was to bring back the experience of our service in their care. Material and methods: It was a 9-year retrospective study, which looked at the charts of patients over 15 years of age operated on for acute intussusception. The epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic variables were studied. Results: We collected 10 cases, i.e. 0.13% compared to interventions and 2.69% compared to acute intestinal obstruction. The average age was 30, with extremes of 16 and 75. Male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 1.5. Clinically, abdominal pain was noted in all patients; 7 patients were received in a table of intestinal obstruction. The ASP revealed hydro-aeric levels in 7 cases. Abdominal ultrasound showed a roundel image in 3 patients. The laparotomy was supra and sub umbilical midline for all cases. The ileo-ileal variety was noted in 7 cases. Ileal resection was performed in 4 patients. The postoperative results were good in 8/10 patients. Conclusion: Intussusception in adults has been rare. Bowel resection is the treatment of choice. An improvement in the means of investigation and resuscitation could improve their care. Keywords : Acute intussusception, adults
ILEUS POST-OPERATOIRE EN CHIRURGIE ABDOMINALE : INCIDENCE, FACTEURS DE RISQUES ET PRISE EN CHARGE AU SERVICE DE CHIRURGIE GENERALE DE L’HOPITAL ARISTIDE LE DANTEC.
Authors: FAYE, et al... PM
Published: August 2024

Abstract Introduction: Postoperative ileus (POI) is defined as a temporary impairment in gastrointestinal motility following surgery. It is a physiological phenomenon and authors has identified risk factors and predictors. Aim: decrease the morbidity induced by POI Patients and methods: patients undergoing an abdominal surgery between May and October 2018 were prospectively enrolled. The studied parameters were epidemiologic, diagnostic, therapeutic and scalable. Khi-deux test was used and we took as reference p-value less than 5%. Results: we reviewed 100 patients with 92% of emergency surgery. The incidence of POI was 10%. The average age was 37.4 years. The predictors factors found were age (p=0.018), solids fasting before surgery (p=0.0322), length of surgical procedure (p=0.0035), operative blood loss (p=0.0047). About Dindo and Clavien classification, we noted 50% on stage B. the mean of POI duration was 2.43 days. The PPO prolonged hospital stay for 0.4 days. Conclusion: the control of predictive and risk factor of POI can help for improving its morbidity. Keys words: post-operative, ileus, abdominal surgery, incidence, risk factors.
Employing Numerical Modelling to Calculate Changes in Safety Factors for The Bearing Capacity of Expansive Clay Soil Subjected to Cycles of Full Wetting and Partial Drying
Authors: Daod Rodina , Abboud Nazih , Machlah Mohamad Imad ,   Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Damascus University, Syria.,   Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Damascus University, Syria.,   Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Damascus University, Syria.
Published: August 2024

Soil mechanics provides a theoretical framework for understanding the behaviour of soil in relation to structures and the extent to which it is influenced by various natural and unnatural factors. A series of laboratory experiments on soil are conducted in its current condition, without consideration of potential long-term changes to its specifications and behaviour. Furthermore, the implications of these changes on the most crucial soil calculations, namely bearing capacity and safety factors, are not addressed. This prompted us to emphasise the potential risks associated with the failure to consider the changes that occur in clay soils. In this research, the findings of prior experiments on expansive soils subjected to cycles of complete wetting and partial drying were used as a basis for numerical modelling using the MATLAB program. This resulted in the derivation of mathematical equations that express the changes with the number of cycles. The Hansen relationship was employed for the calculation of the bearing capacity of the soil, as well as for the determination of the safety factors. A clear decline was observed in the bearing capacity values for the various soil types under investigation. Additionally, a notable reduction in safety factor values was identified, with some soils exhibiting a decrease exceeding 40%. This is a significant concern due to the potential for substantial material and human losses. It was thus imperative to consider the impact of wetting and drying cycles when conducting laboratory experiments to ascertain the actual safety factors in structures.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Determination of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir: A Pharmaceutical Application Study
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Iqbal Nasiri Muhammad , Khaliq Sheikh Abdul , Akhtar Muhammad Masoom , Hussain Shah Syed Suffdar
Published: August 2024

The objective of the present work was to develop a simple, precise, accurate, reproducible, and specific reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir in pharmaceutical dosage form. The HPLC system (Shimadzu, LC-2030) consisted of Hypersil ODS - C18 (250 mm, 4.6 mm, 5 μm- Thermo Scientific) was used for the isocratic elution using mobile phase composed of sodium phosphate buffer (pH 3.5) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 40:60% (v/v). Both sofosbuvir and ledipasvir were detected at 260 nm with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The mean retention time of sofosbuvir was 3.094, whereas ledipasvir was 6.22 minutes. A linear relationship was found in the concentration ranged from 0.54 to 162 μg/mL for sofosbuvir (r2 = 0.9993) and 0.14 to 42 μg/mL for ledipasvir (r2 = 0.9994). The RSD values for recovery test were found 0.99% for sofosbuvir and 0.22% for ledipasvir. The lower limit of detection (LOD) were 0.054 mcg/mL and 0.012 mcg/mL, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.135 mcg/mL and 0.030 mcg/mL for sofosbuvir and ledipasvir, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the assay and in-vitro dissolution studies of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir in tablet dosage form and all the results were found within the acceptance limits.
Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Breast Volume Measurement: Predicting Residual Breast Tissue and Cancer Recurrence: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sarkar Sucheta , Maitra Dhritiman , De Utpal
Published: August 2024

This cross-sectional observational study aimed to correlate preoperative breast volume with mastectomy specimen volume to predict residual breast tissue and cancer recurrence. Fifty female patients with unilateral breast carcinoma undergoing mastectomy were included. Preoperative volume was measured anthropometrically using a specific formula, while postoperative volume was assessed by water displacement (Archimedes principle). Volumes ranged from 220 cc to 820 cc, with postoperative measurements being more accurate. A significant correlation was found between the two methods (p<0.05). The findings suggest that accurately measuring the mastectomy specimen volume can help in determining residual breast tissue and assessing the risk of cancer recurrence.
Prevalence of Posterior Capsular Rent in Mature Cataract During Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery
Authors: S Devi Sindhuja , B.R. Usha
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Manual small incision Cataract surgery (MSICS) is the most common intraocular surgery performed worldwide and has advanced technically in recent years. However, as in all surgeries, complications continue depending on the surgeon, surgical technique, and patient. In order to reduce the complications in cataract surgery, many studies have been carried out to detect ocular and systemic risk factors and to take precautions against them. Materials and Methods: Mature cataract patients who can perceive light or hand motion with preoperative vision make up the study population. Preoperative assessments, including comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations and demographic data collection, are performed for every patient who is enrolled. Results: Among the 60 cases that underwent manual small incision cataract surgery, there were 13 instances of posterior capsular rent (PCR). In general, the people who had PCR were 63.86 years old. PCR happened for various reasons. Conclusion: The study found a notable occurrence of posterior capsular rent (PCR) in patients who underwent manual small-incision cataract surgery, with 13 cases out of 60 surgeries. Potential risk factors for PCR included phacodonesis, zonular dialysis, small pupils, a history of trauma, and high myopia. These findings demonstrate the significance of understanding and managing the risk factors for posterior capsular rent (PCR) in manual small incision cataract surgery to enhance patient safety and surgical outcomes.
Unusual Presentation of Trigeminal Neuralgia and its Surgical Management
Authors: Jaiswara Chandresh , Bansal Vyomika , Rai Apoorva , Mahajan Arjun Deepak , Singh Vedita
Published: August 2024

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating neuropathic condition characterized by excruciating, lancinating pain attacks. The standard first-line treatment of TN is carbamazepine medication, but some patients do not experience relief from this drug. For cases that do not respond to medication, surgical procedures that cut or remove portions of the peripheral nerves, such as the inferior alveolar and mental nerves, can be attempted. However, these neurectomysurgeries often have high rates of severe facial pain recurring over time. A 40-year-old man suffered from chronic, debilitating trigeminal neuralgia. He underwent multiple tooth extractions and took carbamazepine, but neither provided improvement in his agonizing facial pain. He then had surgical neurectomies of the mental and inferior alveolar nerves, which provided only partial pain relief. The patient was not relieved, so he underwent a surgical neurectomy of the lingual nerve. This third procedure successfully provided a significant reduction in his trigeminal neuralgia pain. Lingual neurectomy emerges as a potentially definitive treatment modality for trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medication or alternative neurectomy procedures. This minimally invasive surgical approach offers a valuable option for patients seeking sustained pain relief, particularly those who are not suitable candidates for or desire to avoid, more extensive or resource-intensive interventions.
EVALUATION OF PROPERTIES OF MASONRY MORTARS BLENDED WITH CERAMIC WASTE POWDER
Authors: Pantić Vladan , Šupić Slobodan , Malešev Mirjana , Broćeta Gordana , Latinović-Krndija Marina , Cumbo Anđelko
Published: August 2024

Aiming to meet the principals of the modern circular economy, this study explores the possibility of using locally available waste materials in the production of innovative, eco-friendly mortar for masonry. The eco-binder, applied as a substitute for cementitious material, is ceramic waste powder (CWP) generated during the production of ceramic industry elements. Within the experimental program, compositions of twelve types of masonry mortars were designed with volumetric ratios of solid components 1:1:5, 1:0.7:4.2, and 1:1:4 (cement + eco-binder/lime/sand), varying the percentage of cement replacement with ceramic powder (up to 80%). The basic properties of masonry mortars were tested, including consistency, compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, capillary water absorption, and adhesion. The test results indicate that ceramic waste powder can be successfully used as a partial replacement for cement up to high substitution levels, yielding more sustainable masonry mortars for use in load-bearing or non-load-bearing masonry structures.
LASER SCANNING AT THE LOCATION OF DEVILS' TOWN FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETECTING THE DEGREE OF EROSION OF EARTH PILLARS
Authors: Martinenko Anastasija , Pejić Marko
Published: August 2024

The detection of erosion was carried out on a characteristic rocky pillar, with the localization and quantification of differences between two surfaces. For this purpose, based on the defined area and spatial configuration of the scanning object, scanner positions, arrangement of control points, and appropriate spatial scanning resolution were planned. The spatial resolution of the point cloud is 1 cm, with a standard deviation of individual points up to 3 mm. Based on the collected data, registration of adjacent scenes was performed using typical scanner signals and the surface matching method. Georeferencing of the second epoch was carried out using the surface matching method. Locations where erosion of the rocky mass occurred were detected, amounting to 0.036 m³ (36 dm³).
EFFECT OF THE HRWRA QUANTITY ON DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE
Authors: Volaš Jovan , Broćeta Gordana , Latinović Krndija Marina , Šupić Slobodan , Pantić Vladan , Malešev Mirjana , Radonjanin Vlastimir , Cumbo Anđelko , Savić Aleksandar , Lazić Žarko , Lozo Draženka
Published: August 2024

The paper presents the results of our own experimental research on the effect of the high range water reducing admixture content – HRWRA (applied in the range from 0.8 to 1.2% by mass of cement – mc) on the properties of self-compacting concrete in the fresh and hardened state.

The research showed that increasing the HRWRA content leads to the entrapped porosity reduction – up to 44%, increase of flowability – up to 13%, reduction of viscosity – up to 31%, improvement of passing ability – up to 15% and degradation of sieve segregation resistance of concrete in fresh state – up to 60%. The beneficial effect of the increase in HRWRA was shown on the analysed properties in the hardened state: compressive strength at the age of 28 days – up to 13%, water absorption – up to 61% and freeze/thaw resistance – up to 10%. The difference in the participation of HRWRA from 0.8 to 1.2% mc does not have a statistically significant effect on the density and freeze/thaw resistance with a de-icing agent.
A New Physical Phenomenon Discovered When Microbiology Meets Surrealism: The Yoshida Effect has the Power to Fuse Bacteria and Nano-Acicular Materials
Authors: Naoto Yoshida
Published: August 2024

Surrealism is a means of artistic expression that places automatism at the root of creation, and it has pursued thought that is entirely free of any preconceived notions or restraints. Art and science are seemingly incompatible with each other—one is emotional, the other rational—but here the author would like to consider the sort of thinking that could emerge if science met surrealism halfway. The author would also like to present the Yoshida effect, a physical phenomenon that was chanced upon serendipitously in which microbiology approaches surrealism. The Yoshida effect is the formation of a fusion body called a penetron when bacterial cells collide with a nano-sized acicular (needle-shaped) material in a hydrogel friction field. The penetron as an intermediate was applied to the finely detection method of asbestos, and gene transformation method by plasmid DNA.
Acceso y Equidad en la Educación Universitaria
Authors: Espinoza-Bravo María Gabriela , Cabezas-Cabezas Roberto Fernando
Published: August 2024

Esta investigación analiza las barreras al acceso equitativo a la educación universitaria y evalúa políticas y programas diseñados para mejorar la equidad. Se enfoca en estudiantes de bajos ingresos, minorías étnicas y culturales, y personas con discapacidades, examinando cómo las diferencias socioeconómicas, culturales y físicas afectan su acceso y éxito educativo. Identifica barreras económicas como costos de matrícula elevados y la insuficiencia de becas, así como obstáculos culturales y sociales como la discriminación y la falta de representación. También se discuten los desafíos de accesibilidad para personas con discapacidades. La investigación destaca la importancia de enfoques integradores que incluyan apoyo financiero, programas de mentoría y adaptaciones curriculares. Se realiza una comparación de estrategias internacionales, mostrando que las soluciones deben ser adaptativas a los contextos específicos. La investigación concluye enfatizando la necesidad de estrategias colaborativas y personalizadas para superar las barreras y asegurar que todos los estudiantes tengan oportunidades educativas equitativas, independientemente de su origen o capacidades.
Dampak Pt Bintan Karisma Pratama Pada Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Nelayan Pesisir
Authors: Daniati Daniati  , Desi Ratnasari  , Azizah Azizah  , Vivi Fitriani  , Maya Gustiani Putri  , Ella Selselviana  , Sri Wahyuni
Published: August 2024

The research aims to determine the impact of PT. Bintan Karisma Pratama which is located on Telang Island, Mantang District, Bintan Regency in the Riau Islands Province, on community life in Telang Kecil village with economic and social aspects of community life and how this PT contributes to local or local communities after the compensation assistance provided by PT for the Telang Kecil community, this research uses qualitative methods, namely in the form of interview and observation techniques or field studies, as well as literature studies to support the results of this research. The impact of PT Bintan Karisma Pratama on the environment of the people of Telang Kecil does not have a serious impact because the PT has first assessed the location area where it wants to be established and has followed the rules of the decision-making process regarding business and activity organizers or what is known as AMDAL, the marine environment of Telang Kecil is also categorized. Clean, local people are able to take good care of the marine environment. The majority of their livelihoods are fishermen and others work as workers at Pt  Bintan Karisma Pratama, wives work as housewives and there are also those who work as small traders or small food and beverage businesses.
Penerapan Pasal 27 Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities 2006 Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Puan Dinda Aisyah  , Maria Maya Lestari  , Ledy Diana
Published: August 2024

Article 27 letters (g) and (h) of the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities regulates that state parties must employ persons with disabilities in the government sector and promote employment for persons with disabilities in the private sector through appropriate policies and measures which may include concrete action programs, incentives and other steps. Based on data from the Ministry of Manpower in 2021 and 2022, less than 1% of people with disabilities can work in the public and private sectors. The main problems in this research are: How is Article 27 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 implemented in Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities; What is the solution to the weakness in implementing Article 27 of the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. The theories used in this research are the theory of monism and the theory of legal positivism.The type of research used in this research is normative legal research. Normative legal research is a process of finding legal rules, legal principles and legal doctrines to answer the legal issues faced. This research focuses on legal synchronization, namely examining the harmony of positive law (legislation) so that it does not conflict based on the hierarchy of laws and regulations.The results of this research are that the implementation of Article 27 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 in Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities has weaknesses, where none of this law regulates sanctions for the government, regional governments, State-Owned Enterprises, Regional-Owned Enterprises and private companies that do not meet the quota for disabled workers as regulated in Article 53 of Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. Therefore, the government needs to formulate government regulations as soon as possible as implementing regulations for Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities, so that there is legal clarity and certainty, especially for law enforcers and people with disabilities.
Implementasi Kode Etik dalam Mewujudkan Mahasiswa Berkarakter dan Berprestasi
Authors: Rina Tiur Lona  , Indra Syahputra Marpaung  , Nurbaya Harianja   , Aris Munandar Harahap
Published: August 2024

The current problem is that in an increasingly sophisticated era, student ethics are increasingly decreasing. One of the tasks of higher education is to create students with character and achievements. Thus, this research will examine the implementation of the student code of ethics and its implications in creating students with character and achievements. The aim of this research is to find out the process of implementing the code of ethics and its implications for students. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the student code of ethics has gone well and has positive implications in creating students with character and achievements, namely 70.71%. From the results of implementing the code of ethics, students have their own character and achievements which are viewed from aspects of student character and aspects of student achievement. In implementing the code of ethics, there are supporting and inhibiting factors.
Implementasi Model Vark Dalam Penguasaan Kelas Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa
Authors: Najrul Jimatul Rizki  , Siti Qomariyah  , Ujang Natadireja  , Rubi Babullah  , Rima Erviana
Published: August 2024

Implementation of the VARK Model (Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, Kinesthetic) in the context of classroom mastery is a strategy that can provide a more inclusive and effective approach in increasing student achievement. This research aims to explore how implementing the VARK model can improve students' learning experiences and their academic performance. The research method used is a literature study which involves analysis of relevant sources regarding the VARK concept and its application in an educational context. The research results show that by understanding diverse learning preferences, educators can design learning experiences that better suit students' individual needs. Through the integration of different learning strategies, such as the use of pictures and diagrams for visual students, group discussions for auditory students, reading and writing assignments for students who prefer learning through text, as well as practical activities or experiments for kinesthetic students, students can be more engaged in learning and gaining a deeper understanding. This research also highlights the importance of flexibility in teaching, adapting to changing student learning preferences, and evaluating the effectiveness of the learning strategies used. Although the VARK model has advantages in providing guidance for inclusive teaching, it is important to remember that students' learning preferences can change and that various factors also influence students' academic performance.
Komunikasi Krisis Dalam Organisasi: Analisis Naratif Tentang Pengelolaan Konflik Internal
Authors: Almadina Rakhmaniar
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine internal conflict management in organizations through narrative analysis of crisis communication. Qualitative methods were used to understand the causes of conflict, crisis management strategies, leadership roles, the impact of conflict, communication techniques used, and policies and procedures implemented in the organization. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results revealed that internal conflicts are often caused by differences in interests, lack of effective communication, and organizational change. Effective crisis management strategies involve open communication, mediation, and a proactive approach. Responsive and thoughtful leadership plays a key role in conflict resolution. Poorly managed conflict negatively impacts productivity, employee morale, and team collaboration, and damages the organization's image. Communication techniques such as collaborative approaches and assertive communication are essential in managing crises.  The practical implications of these findings are the need for the development of clear conflict resolution policies, conflict management training, promotion of open communication, and periodic evaluation of policy effectiveness. With a comprehensive approach, organizations can improve work dynamics and strengthen teamwork.
Interaksi Sosial Teman Sebaya Terhadap Kematangan Emosional Siswa Kelas Delapan
Authors: Hanintya Putri Permatasari  , Wiwik Kusdaryani  , MA Primaningrum
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is considered a period of storm and stress, a time in which emotional tensions run high. Peers teach students the ability to control themselves, according to the new role they have acquired in their group. The peer environment plays a role in providing opportunities for adolescents to learn to interact and control their social behavior. The aim of this research is that the peer environment plays a role in providing opportunities for adolescents to learn to interact and control their social behavior. This research is quantitative in nature using a correlational method. The population is all class VIII students at PGRI Semarang Middle School with a total of 254 students. The sampling technique is cluster random sampling. Sampling was taken by lottery so that there were two classes selected, namely classes C and F with a total of 64 students. The instruments used in this research are the peer social interaction scale and the emotional maturity scale with four alternative answer choices. The results of hypothesis testing using the Pearson product moment correlation test, obtained a significance value of 0.000, which means that there is a relationship between Peer Social Interaction (X) and Emotional Maturity (Y). The correlation result obtained was 0.554 and was included in the medium relationship level category.