bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFORMATIONAL DIVERSIONS IN THE CONFLICT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Manoilo Andrei V.
Published: October 2022

Aim. To identify and classify the forms and methods of information war in the modern conflict in Ukraine (during the Special Military Operation).

Methodology. The study was carried out using the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and interpretation of the results.

Results. The forms and methods of conducting information war in Ukraine during the Special Military Operation (strategic information operations, special propaganda, fake news, and operational games with the elites) are identified and classified. It has been revealed that the most prominent means of the information warfare is the special propaganda, the goals and methods of which have not changed since the Cold War; strategic information operations, which are operational combinations of foreign intelligence, in this conflict at the present stage are present only in the form of the so-called "Incident in Bucha". It has been established that fake news massively produced by the Ukrainian side and its Western "sponsors" is aimed at diverting the attention of the Russian side (forces and means of information warfare) from the real operational combinations conducted by the CIA and MI-6 ("diversion to an unusable object").

Research implications. Information about the latest forms and methods of organizing and conducting information operations in the conditions of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine can be used in the work of state bodies responsible for organizing a systemic counteraction to information aggression by foreign states, and will also be useful to political scientists, political technologists, and specialists in countering destructive political technologies.
Covid-19 Vaccination and Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus
Authors: Sadati Maryam Sadat
Published: October 2022

Introduction: After COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 that mostly affects upper respiratory tract, the scientists investigated an effective vaccine against the virus. As the vaccination of general population started some patients were visited with varicella zoster virus activation following the COVID vaccine.
New and additional information on the flora of the Middle Dnieper
Authors: Shynder Oleksandr , Kostruba Tetiana , Chorna Galyna , Kolomiychuk Vitalii
Published: October 2022

The article provides an annotated list of new floristic finds in the flora of the Middle Dnieper (on territory of Cherkasy region, as well as adjacent districts of Kyiv and Poltava regions), both aboriginal rare and alien species, including “runaways from culture”. In some cases, notes are given on the taxonomic status, features of the natural range, ancient indications of the localities of certain species in the region. For the first time, 31 new taxa were introduced for the regional flora of Cherkasy region, including 8 native and 23 alien. The most valuable is the information about rare aboriginal plants, in particular Asparagus tenuifolius, Euphorbia salicifolia, Polygonum patulum, Rosa andegavensis, etc. In the Uman district of Cherkasy region, the location of three species of flora that were considered disappeared in the region: Pentanema oculus-christi, Salvia dumetorum and Staphylea pinnata. For once, 3 new alien species have been introduced for the flora of Poltava region: Anthriscus caucalis, Lonicera × notha and L. ruprechtiana. The research revealed new locations of invasively active foreign plants, including ergasiophygophytes: Phytolacca acinosa, Silphium perfoliatum, Vitis riparia, Zizania latifolia etc., and quarantine xenophytes: Cenchrus longispinus and Eriochloa villosa. Progressive distribution of xenophytes with primary sub-Mediterranean and Central Asian habitats has been noted. Population growing of foreign plants emphasizes the existing negative trend of adventitia of the flora.The issues of naturalization of ergasiophytes are discussed, in particular the presence of mass selfseeding in the centers of their primary introduction, which is the impetus for their further spread. Provided information on spontaneous seed reproduction of species such as: Castanea sativa, Catalpa ovata, C. speciosa, Pilosella aurantiaca, Verbesina encelioides, Viola sororia and other cultivated plants. The above and similar information is an considerable element of comprehensive floral research.
Evidence for Parainflammation According To Differential Leukocyte Ratios in a Cohort of Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients
Authors: Ogbonna Ogbuabor Alphonsus , Ogbuabor Mabel Chika , Chinwe Onyeka Ibe
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus has over the years become a public health and a complex disease. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was designed to determine the differential leukocyte ratios in type 2 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic controls. A total of 240 subjects comprising 120 type 2 diabetic patients (60 males and 60 females) aged 20-25 years and 120 apparently healthy age and gender-matched controls were recruited for the study.  Blood samples (5.0ml) was collected from each subject for the analysis of the parameters using the Mindray 530 BC automated analyzer, Mindray, Japan.  The data was analyzed using T-test with level of significance set at p < 0.05.  The result revealed significant increase in the differential leukocyte ratios involving the Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) (0.38 + vs 0.15 +0.017) and the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (3.15 + 3.57 vs 1.65 + 0.65) in the type 2 diabetic patients and the non-diabetic controls.  This finding demonstrates alterations in differential leukocyte ratios which supports occurrence of parainflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.
The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Organisation of Family Life and the Pursuit of Career Aspirations of Mothers Seeking IT Jobs
Authors: Karoń Agnieszka
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the topic of experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the organisation of family life and the realisation of professional plans of mothers wishing to pursue their ambitions in the IT sector. The starting point for the considerations is a gender- -sensitive analysis of the condition of the IT sector in Poland conducted on the basis of found data, complemented by an exploratory qualitative study conducted in two stages using the technique of Individual In-Depth Interviews (IDI). The study is part of the ongoing POB HERITAGE grant “Women, get to coding! Mapping educational initiatives supporting women. Pilot study”.
Evaluación de las propiedades estructurales, morfológicas y magnéticas del sistema Bi1-xSmxFeO3
Authors: Betancourt-Montañez Iván Fernando , Varela-Olivera Christian Fabian , Munevar-Cagigas Julian Andres , Sandoval-Gutiérrez Santiago , Ortíz-Otálora César Armando , Parra-Vargas Carlos Arturo , Sánchez Sáenz Claudia Liliana
Published: October 2022

This paper reports the synthesis of the Bi1-xSmxFeO3 system (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10) obtained by thesolid-state reaction method at 1073.15 K for 15 h. Characterization allowed evaluating the effect of Sm3+ insertion on thestructural, morphological and magnetic properties of the bismuth ferrite. Structural characterization was made by X-rayDiffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement, indicating the formation of a rhombohedral majority phase of the space groupR3c (161) with a proportion higher than the reported up to now. The morphological characterization through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed concluding that the insertion of samarium decreases the particle size from 7.5 μm to 2.5 μm, thanks to the smaller ionic radius, which also led to the contraction of the lattice parameters. The magnetic analysis showed a typical ferromagnetic behaviour in all of the synthesized samples, with the presence of a PM-AFM transition at 260 K.
Efecto antimicrobiano de nanopartículas de plata en algunos ambientes
Authors: Calvo Olvera Diana Alexandra , Rojas Avelizapa Luz Irene , Rojas Avelizapa Norma Gabriela
Published: October 2022

The resistance of bacterial strains to antimicrobial agents and biofilm-associated infections causes considerable economiclosses and worldwide deaths. If this problem continues it is estimated that in 2050, about 10 million human deaths couldoccur per year and the costs would reach 1 trillion USD globally. Most of the studies evaluating the antimicrobial effect ofan antimicrobial agent focus on pure bacterial cultures, even when it is known that microorganisms live in communities interacting with each other, causing a less efficient antimicrobial effect on target compounds. Because of previous data, it is necessary the search for alternative and effective methods that, at the same time, do not generate bacterial resistance;silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be an excellent alternative; moreover, the evaluation of these antimicrobial agents onmicrobial communities from environmental samples are needed. In this paper, we synthesized spherical AgNPs by biological and chemical methods with an average diameter of 10.32 and 9.53 nm respectively; we evaluated the antimicrobial effect of both in microbial populations that came from three different environmental samples (computer keyboard, tap water, and pharyngeal exudate). Results showed that both AgNPs are excellent antimicrobial agents obtaining for both inhibition percentages higher than 90%.
construção do título em capas de revistas
Authors: Bueno Thaísa Cristina , Reino Lucas Santiago Arraes
Published: October 2022

Este artigo busca compreender o processo de construção estilística em títulos de revistas, tendo como recorte a revista TPM. Ainda que seja um delineamento pontual e não abarque, efetivamente, todas as normas para um título neste suporte, a proposta pretende contribuir para o entendimento de suas manifestações estruturantes tendo como desenho um veículo segmentado e de periodicidade mensal. Para o recorte do estudo foram coletados 527 títulos (manchetes), publicados nas capas de nove anos de publicação. O estudo adotou como base metodológica a pesquisa descritiva, alicerçada no ferramental da Análise de Conteúdo. Conclusivamente o estudo aponta para padrões de escrita muito diferentes dos usualmente adotados nos títulos de conteúdos noticiosos, tanto em jornais impressos quanto em sites, e amplamente debatido em manuais de redação e na literatura especializada.
Effect of Hydrophilic Quantum Dots Nano-Powder in Development of Latent Fingerprints on Various Surfaces
Authors:   The Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Oh Sang Jae , Ryu Seung-Jin
Published: October 2022

In this research, hydrophilic quantum dot nano-powder (GQD@SiO2) was applied to compare the development of latent fingerprint on various surfaces and the development of latent fingerprint over time after fingerprint deposited. Hydrophilic quantum dot nano-powder exhibited green fluorescence under a wavelength of 365 nm ultraviolet, and increased adsorption characteristics through interaction with hydrophilic components in latent fingerprints showed clear minutiae on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces. It was difficult to express fingerprints on porous surfaces where fingerprint components were quickly absorbed, but on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces where fingerprint components could remain on the surface for a long time compared to porous surfaces, latent fingerprints could be expressed over time.
The Relationship of Mental Toughness and Emotional Eating: The Example of a Female Wrestler
Authors: Guvendi Burcu , Keskin Burcak , Kabasakal Sema Arslan , Kaya Selman
Published: October 2022

Emotional eating is the act of eating to cope with stress and pressure, and it is assumed that this behavior increases as the level of self-control decreases. Several factors, including anxiety about winning and fear of injury, can cause stress in athletes. An athlete’s high mental toughness is closely related to their ability to easily cope with such stress factors. It is still a matter of curiosity how negative psychological factors affect emotional eating in athletes with low mental toughness. This study investigated the relationship between emotional eating and mental toughness in female wrestlers. Emotional Eating Questionnaire and Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire were applied to 69 female wrestlers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests. It was found that the participants were low emotional eaters and accepted all of the mental toughness sub-dimensions. There was a significant difference in emotional eating total score and “disinhibition" score according to nationality status (p<0.05). The findings suggested a positive and significant relationship between sub-dimensions of emotional eating and sub-dimensions of mental toughness (p<0.05). It was concluded that national female wrestlers tended to eat more emotionally than non-national athletes and had more difficulty preventing the urge to eat. As female wrestlers’ mental toughness levels increased, they tended to eat emotionally and felt guilty about eating.
NOT JUST METAPHOR; ENVIRONMENTAL SELF-CLEANING PROGRAM FOR LEPROSY AT BABAT JERAWAT SURABAYA
Authors: Moordiati  , Ikhsan Rosyid Mujahidul Anwary  , Iswahyudi
Published: October 2022

This article departs from the results of community service activities in increasing knowledge about personal and environmental hygiene, especially for leprosy sufferers (people) who are in one shelter (colony), namely those in the Surabaya City area. Ideally, in many cases, their situation will be much better if they live and live in a shelter (colony), ranging from life insurance such as food and drink to health. However, in fact such things are not or have not been found in these shelters, not a few of them have actually remained unchanged. In addition to his physical condition which still often looks dirty, the environment in which he lives can also be said to be very far from comfortable as a place that allows him to live. The absence of such changes is certainly a big question mark why there are no or no changes that they should have been able to get easily while in the shelters. This is a big question that he deliberately wants to understand through knowledge-building activities, mainly on the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and environmental hygiene, considering that this issue is actually an important issue that has been ignored by most leprosy sufferers. And from the results of this activity, it seems that there is a change in behavior in leprosy people regarding maintaining personal and environmental hygiene, although they do not achieve maximum results as they are treated for people who are not affected or suffer from leprosy. Changes that can be seen after the existence of this activity program include the re-use of personal hygiene tools (soap and toothpaste) to awareness to keep their living environment clean.
PELATIHAN KADER KESEHATAN DAN GELAR POTENSI ALAM DALAM PROGRAM PAKETDATA (PANDUAN KESEHATAN DESA WISATA) KAMPUNG ADAT SEGUNUNG, WONOSALAM, JOMBANG
Authors: Mustika Arifa , Hernaningsih Yetti , Wardhani Puspa
Published: October 2022

Desa wisata merupakan kawasan yang mempunyai kearifan lokal yang berpotensi mempunyai daya tarik wisata. Meningkatnya peminat wisata desa dan melimpahnya desa wisata di Indonesia harus diimbangi dengan sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang memadai dalam mengelola dan mengembangkannya, terutama dalam hal kesehatan. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk memberikan edukasi dan pemahaman pada SDM dalam bentuk pelatihan dan penyuluhan kesehatan khususnya di desa wisata, desa kampung adat Segunung Wonosalam Jombang Jawa Timur. Metode yang diaplikasikan dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat di desa wisata kampung adat Segunung ini ada dua langkah, yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan, dilaksanakan selama 3 hari. Hari pertama pelatihan dengan tema first aid, peserta diberikan pre-test dan post-test sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hari kedua Penyuluhan kesehatan (tema: pengetahuan tentang tanaman obat, pengolahan bahan pangan, dan pola hidup sehat), peserta pada penyuluhan kesehatan diberikan pre-test dan post-test sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Hari ketiga penyuluhan tentang NAPZA. Hasil pre-test dan post-test pada pelatihan first aid
didapatkan peningkatan persentase jumlah peserta yang mendapatkan nilai ≥ 60 sebesar 56% dan pada penyuluhan kesehatan didapatkan peningkatan 47%. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat dipraktikkan dikemudian hari dan bermanfaat untuk kelangsungan objek wisata kampung adat Segunung.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA STIKES NGUDIA HUSADA MADURA TERHADAP PEKERJAAN PERAWAT DI JEPANG
Authors: Nunuk Endah Srimulyani  , Putri Elsy  , Ns. Hafna Ilmy Muhalla  , Rizki Hanindia Rasyid
Published: October 2022

Perubahan demografi yang membuat Jepang menjadi masyarakat menua, membawa konsekuensi penurunan angkatan kerja di berbagai sektor, terutama perawat di rumah sakit (ners) maupun perawat khusus lanjut usia (pramurukti). Untuk mengatasi kekurangan tenaga perawat ini, Jepang membuka kerja sama dengan negara Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia melalui Indonesia-Japan Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) sejak 2007. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat (pengmas) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi para calon perawat STIKES Ngudia Husada Madura (STIKES NHM) untuk dapat bekerja di Jepang. Pengmas kali ini dilaksanakan melalui dua tahap; (1) seminar yang berisi tentang peluang dan tantangan perawat Indonesia untuk bekerja di berbagai belahan dunia termasuk Jepang, dan (2) workshop dan Forum Group Discussion (FGD) yang dipandu langsung oleh ners IJEPA yang telah bekerja di RS Jepang. Dari kegiatan pengmas ini dapat diketahui bahwa persepsi para peserta/responden terhadap pekerjaan perawat di Jepang adalah sebuah pekerjaan yang berat tetapi menyenangkan karena bergaji besar dan bisa merasakan pengalaman hidup di luar negeri. Adapun kesulitan terbesar yang dialami oleh calon perawat Indonesia adalah memahami bahasa dan budaya kerja di Jepang yang berbeda dengan dunia medis Indonesia. Melalui kegiatan ini peserta memperoleh wawasan dan pengetahuan yang mereka butuhkan untuk dapat memulai karir sebagai perawat di Jepang.
PENGUATAN KEBERLANJUTAN UMKM INDONESIA MELALUI SUSTAINABLE FINANCE LAB
Authors: Iman Harymawan  , Andini Tri Indahsari  , Fajar Kristanto Gautama Putra
Published: October 2022

Dampak perubahan iklim, seperti pandemi, gelombang panas, kenaikan permukaan air laut, banjir, kekeringan, dan kebakaran hutan,    memicu munculnya fenomena yang merugikan pelaku sektor usaha. Kerugian tersebut berupa supply shock, kesulitan keuangan, penurunan upah rill, penurunan daya beli konsumen, dan kerugian-kerugian lainnya. Selain menghadapi ancaman, UMKM harus beradaptasi dengan perubahan arah kebijakan yang disebabkan perubahan iklim. Penguatan kompetensi dan keahlian UMKM di bidang keberlanjutan menjadi sangat penting, mengingat kontribusi UMKM yang sangat signifikan terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) Indonesia dan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM beradaptasi dengan perubahan iklim dan memberikan kesempatan kepada mereka untuk mendapatkan investasi dari investor. Terdapat tiga metode yang digunakan untuk memastikan tujuan pengabdian ini tercapai. Metode tersebut adalah mempersiapkan dan menyeleksi mahasiswa melalui Sustainable Finance Course, pendampingan UMKM, dan business matching. Aktivitas Sustainable Finance Course hingga business matching dilakukan secara daring (online). Pada kegiatan pertama, mahasiswa dari seluruh Indonesia berpartisipasi mengikuti pelatihan keberlanjutan yang telah dipersiapkan tim peneliti. Selain mendapatkan materi, terdapat uji kompetensi untuk mahasiswa yang dilakukan untuk menjaring mahasiswa yang memenuhi kualifikasi sebagai mentor. Mahasiswa yang terpilih akan menjadi mentor UMKM selama 2 bulan. Materi pendampingan yang diberikan mentor kepada UMKM terdiri dari, materi pengantar keberlanjutan, strategy map berbasis keberlanjutan, keuangan dan pajak, pembuatan video, Social Return On Investment (S-ROI), dan pitch deck. Di akhir pendampingan, UMKM akan melakukan business matching di hadapan investor. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesempatan UMKM mendapatkan pendanaan. Kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan kompetensi keberlanjutan UMKM sebesar 90%. Selain peningkatan kompetensi, UMKM juga berhasil menyusun strategy map berbasis keberlanjutan, laporan keuangan, video keberlanjutan, dan analisis S-ROI.
MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN WANITA USIA SUBUR DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING PADA SERIBU HARI PERTAMA KEHIDUPAN
Authors: Ni Ketut Alit Armini  , Aqil Akmaludin Makarim  , Nurvania Aurellia Budirahmadina  , Nabila Azzahra Alifia  , Oktavira Prastika  , Dina Akmarina Setianto
Published: October 2022

Stunting merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang masih menjadi prioritas di Indonesia termasuk Jawa Timur. Stunting adalah gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang ditandai dengan kualitas gizi yang kurang selama 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Stunting tidak hanya mencerminkan masalah perawakan pendek, tetapi juga mencerminkan gizi buruk antar generasi. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat meningkatkan  kesadaran wanita usia subur dalam pencegahan stunting pada seribu hari pertama kehidupan. Kegiatan  pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan  di Desa Dooro dan Desa Lengkong  Kecamatan Cerme Kapupaten Gresik. Terlibat dalam kegiatan  perwakilan petugas kesehatan Puskesmas Dadap Kuning Kabupaten Gresik, Bidan koordinator desa, dan Kader posyandu. Sasaran kegiatan  sekitar  45 orang wanita  subur dari dua Desa, yang dilaksanakan  dengan  curah pendapat, ceramah dan diskusi interaktif. Media yang untuk mempermudah penerimaan informasi berupa XBanner, Poster dan leaflet. Peserta  terlihat  antusias mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian  kepada masyarakat. Tanggapan dan pertanyaan disampaikan peserta, kepada pemateri dan tim puskesmas. Wanita usia subur menyatakan memahami dan sadar bahwa  penanggulangan stunting pada seribu hari  pertama kehidupan sangat penting.
INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE IN IN-HOUSE TRAINING AT SMK NU GEBANG
Authors: Pratika Ayuningtyas  , Caecilia Rosma Widiyohening  , Lutfi Ashar Mauludin
Published: October 2022

The high unemployment rate in Indonesia, with most of them are the Vocational High School’s graduates. It triggers the vocational schools to improve the competence of their graduates that they will be part of the industry and business. One of the steps taken by the school based on the applicable laws and regulations is On-the-job training (Prakerin). However, the Covid-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia made it impossible to carry out as usual. SMK NU Gebang took steps to fill this void by holding In-House Training as a substitute for internships. One of the materials provided in the In-House Training is Business Writing on the topic of Introduction to Business Correspondence. This activity was attended by 16 students of class XI of the Financial Accounting study program and the NU Gebang Vocational School. This activity is carried out for approximately one month (May – June 2022). The method used in this activity is the lecture of material with direct practice. From this activity, it is known that SMK NU Gebang students are actively involved in participating in the In-House Training. Students can also complete the assigned tasks well.
Prerequisites for using the system-morphological approach and fractal theory in the creation of vices for complex shape objects
Authors: Samoilenko O. V. , Kuznetsov Yu. M , Xingmin G
Published: October 2022

Background. On metal-cutting machines, in mechanical assembly production and everyday life, vices of various designs are widelyused, which, as a rule, have a constant structure and one kinematic chain from the engine (or manual drive) to the clamping elements –jaws. The vast majority of them are adapted for clamping cylindrical objects (parts) and objects with plane-parallel sides. At the same time,in mechanical assembly production, as well as during repair work, it often becomes necessary to clamp spherical, wedge-shaped, conical,and irregularly shaped objects.Objective. The purpose of the paper is to propose a morphological set of universal vices taking into account the achievements inthe theory of fractals and alternatives to new features of the state, type of execution and mobility of clamping elements, and to come upwith morphological formulae of vices.Methods. A morphological model of the vices is being developed, which takes into account the achievements of the fractal theoryand makes it possible to predict new technical solutions for universal vices at the level of inventions.Results. The morphological formulae of universal vices from the morphological set which contains alternatives of new signs of acondition, a type of execution and mobility of clamping elements, and also prerequisites for using the fractal theory for clamping processmodelling of complex shape details are offered.Conclusions. Using the proposed approach, it is possible to predict new technical solutions of universal vices at the level of inven-tions for the manufacture, research and subsequent commercialization
A Proof Of The Riemann Hypothesis Based On A New Expression Of The Completed Zeta Function
Authors: Zhang Weicun
Published: October 2022

Based on the Hadamard product $\xi(s)= \xi(0)\prod_{\rho}(1-\frac{s}{\rho})$, a new absolute convergent expression of $\xi(s)$ is obtained by paring $\rho_i$ and $\bar{\rho}_i$, and putting all the $\rho_i$ related multiple zeros together in one factor $$\xi(s)=\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}$$ where $\xi(0)=\frac{1}{2}$, $\rho_i=\alpha_i+j\beta_i$ and $\bar{\rho}_i=\alpha_i-j\beta_i$ are the complex conjugate zeros of $\xi(s)$, $0<\alpha_i<1$ and $\beta_i\neq 0$ are real numbers, $d_i\geq 1$ are the real multiplicities of $\rho_i$, $\beta_i$ are in order of increasing $|\beta_i|$, i.e., $|\beta_1|\leq|\beta_2|\leq|\beta_3|\leq \cdots$. Then, by the functional equation $\xi(s)=\xi(1-s)$, we have $$\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}} =\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}+\frac{(1-s-\alpha_i)^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}$$ i.e., $$\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}1+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}=\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}1+\frac{(1-s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}$$ which, by Lemma 3, is equivalent to $$\alpha_i= \frac{1}{2}, i =1, 2, 3, \cdots, \infty$$ Thus, we conclude that the Riemann Hypothesis is true.
Mycotoxin Monitoring, Regulation and Analysis in India: A Success Story
Authors: Chatterjee Sujata , Dhole Archana , Krishnan Anoop , Banerjee Kaushik
Published: October 2022

Mycotoxins are deleterious fungal secondary metabolites that contaminate food and feed, thereby creating concerns regarding food safety. Common fungal genera can easily proliferate in Indian tropical and sub-tropical conditions, and scientific attention is warranted to curb its growth. To address this, two nodal governmental agencies, namely the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) and Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), have developed and implemented analytical methods and quality control procedures to monitor mycotoxin levels in a range of food matrices and assess risks to human health over the past two decades. However, comprehensive information on such advancements in mycotoxin testing and issues in implementing these regulations is inadequately covered in recent literature. The aim of this review is thus to uphold a systematic picture of the role played by the FSSAI and APEDA for mycotoxin control at the domestic level and for the promotion of international trade along with certain challenges in dealing with mycotoxin monitoring. Additionally, it unfolds various regulatory concerns regarding mycotoxin mitigation in India. Overall, it provides valuable insights to the Indian farming community, food supply chain stakeholders, and researchers about India’s success story in arresting mycotoxins throughout the food supply chain.
EXP-SC: A Semantic Communication Model Based on Information Framework Expansion and Knowledge Collision
Authors: Xin Gangtao , Fan Pingyi
Published: October 2022

Semantic communication is not obsessed with improving the accuracy of transmitted symbols, but is concerned with expressing the desired meaning that the symbol sequence exactly carried. However, the generation and measurement of semantic messages are still an open problem. Expansion combines simple things into complex systems and even generates intelligence, which is consistent with the evolution of the human language system. We apply this idea to semantic communication system, quantifying and transmitting semantics by symbol sequences, and investigate the semantic information system in a similar way as Shannon did for digital communication systems. This work was the first to propose the concept of semantic expansion and knowledge collision, which may provide a new paradigm for semantic communications. We believe that expansion and collision will be the cornerstone of semantic information theory.
Rose Virome Analysis and Identification of A Novel Ilarvirus In Taiwan
Authors: Chen Tsung-Chi , Lin Yu-Chieh , Lin Chian-Chi , Lin Yi-Xian , Chen Yuh-Kun
Published: October 2022

Rose (Rosa spp.), especially R. hybrida, is one of the most popular ornamental plants in the world and the third largest cut flower crop in Taiwan. Rose mosaic disease (RMD), showing mosaic, line patterns and ringspots on leaves, is a common rose disease caused by complex infection of various viruses. Due to pests and diseases, the rose planting area in Taiwan has been decreasing since 2008; however, no rose virus disease has been reported in the past five decades. In the spring of 2020, rose samples showing RMD-like symptoms were observed at an organic farm in Chiayi, central Taiwan. The virome in the farm was analyzed by RNA-seq. Rose genomic sequences were filtered from the obtained reads. The remaining reads were de novo assembled to generate 294 contigs, 50 of which were annotated as viral sequences corresponding to 10 viruses. Through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction validation, a total of seven viruses were detected, including six known rose viruses, namely apple mosaic virus, prunus necrotic ringspot virus, rose partitivirus, apple stem grooving virus, rose spring dwarf-associated virus and rose cryptic virus 1, and a novel ilarvirus. After completing the whole genome sequencing and sequence analysis, the unknown ilarvirus was demonstrated as a new species, tentatively named rose ilarvirus 2. This is the first report of the rose viruses in Taiwan.
Iron Deficiency in the United States: Limitations in Guidelines, Data, and Monitoring of Disparities
Authors: Jefferds Maria Elena D. , Mei Zuguo , Addo Yaw , Hamner Heather C. , Perrine Cria G. , Flores-Ayala Rafael , Pfeiffer Christine M. , Sharma Andrea J.
Published: October 2022

Iron deficiency and the more severe sequela, iron deficiency anemia, are public health problems associated with morbidity and mortality, particularly among pregnant women and younger children. The 1998 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for prevention and control of iron deficiency in the United States is old and does not reflect recent evidence but is a foundational reference for many federal, clinical, and program guidelines.

Surveillance data for iron deficiency are sparse at all levels, with critical gaps for pregnant women and younger children. Anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia are often conflated but should not be. Clinical guidelines for anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia give inconsistent recommendations, causing nonsystematic assessment of iron deficiency. Screening for iron deficiency typically relies on identifying anemia, despite anemia’s low sensitivity for iron deficiency. In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, more than 70% of iron deficiency is missed among pregnant women and children by relying on hemoglobin for iron deficiency screening.

To improve assessment and diagnosis and strengthen surveillance, better and more complete data and updated foundational guidance on iron deficiency and anemia are needed that consider new evidence for measuring and interpreting laboratory results. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S8):S826–S835. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306998 )
Effects of Sugary Drink Countermarketing Videos on Caregivers’ Attitudes and Intentions to Serve Fruit Drinks and Toddler Milks to Young Children
Authors: Harris Jennifer L. , Phaneuf Lindsay , Fleming-Milici Frances
Published: October 2022

Objectives. To test the effects of countermarketing videos addressing common misperceptions about ingredients and claims on children’s sugary drinks.

Methods. We conducted an online randomized controlled experiment in January 2021 with US caregivers (n = 600) of young children (aged 8‒37 months) to assess the effects of watching countermarketing versus control videos on intentions to serve sugary and healthy drinks (6-point scales) and attitudes (10-point scales) about fruit drinks and toddler milks.

Results. The countermarketing videos significantly reduced positive attitudes about fruit drinks (mean difference = 0.92) and toddler milks (mean difference = 2.10), reduced intentions to serve both (mean difference = 0.50 and 0.92, respectively), and increased intentions to serve plain milk (mean difference = 0.52) versus control videos (all Ps < .001). Intentions differed by individual characteristics, but the videos remained effective after we controlled for these characteristics. Moreover, the videos were more effective for toddler milks versus fruit drinks, and effects on fruit drink intentions were greater for Black versus White caregivers and caregivers of children aged 24 months or younger.

Conclusions. A countermarketing campaign aimed at diverse caregivers of young children designed to correct misleading children’s drink marketing presents a promising public health approach for reducing sugary drink consumption in the first 1000 days. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S8):S807–S816. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307024 )
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Acetabular Fractures Treated Operatively without a C-Arm in Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Samuel , Leulseged Amanuel , Lemma Shikuria
Published: October 2022

Background:

There is little evidence describing the open treatment of displaced acetabular fractures in low-resource environments. We endeavored to determine the results of the operative management of acetabular fractures without intraoperative C-arm use in a developing nation, through the assessment of patient-reported outcome measures.

Methods:

This was a prospective, single-surgeon, consecutive case series conducted in a tertiary referral hospital in Ethiopia, a high-population, low-income country. The primary author performed fixation without the use of a C-arm in 108 patients from among a total of 202 patients presenting with acetabular fracture. The modified Harris hip score (mHHS) and Short-Form Health Survey (SF)-36 at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively were used to assess the outcome.

Results:

Of the 108 patients potentially available for analysis, 92 (85%) were available for 2-year follow-up (mean age of 35 years; range, 15 to 70 years). The mean duration from injury to surgery was 16 days (range, 1 to 204 days). Seventy-three (78.5%; n = 93) of the patients had associated fracture patterns. The most common fractures were associated both-column type (22%) and transverse-plus-posterior-wall type (22%). The mean mHHS was 91; 88% of the patients had a score of ≥80, and 12% had a score of ≤79. SF-36 scores were in alignment with the mHHS. The majority (approximately 90%) of our cohort returned to work. We did not find a significant difference in the mean mHHS between patients with or without anatomic reduction (p = 0.31). However, 2-year radiographic outcomes were strongly associated with the mean mHHS (p < 0.001). Predictors of a lower mHHS included older age, cartilage damage, and lack of secondary congruence.

Conclusions:

Good functional outcomes were achieved at 2 years among patients with acetabular fractures surgically treated without the use of a C-arm in a limited-resource setting. Surgical congruence of the femoral head under the acetabular roof, rather than the absolute residual gap, seems essential in determining clinical outcomes. This information can help in planning increased access to care for individuals who experience traumatic injuries in low- and middle-income countries.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Clomiphene citrate plus letrozole versus clomiphene citrate alone for ovulation induction in infertile women with chronic anovulation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chera-aree Pattraporn , Tanpong Sirikul , Thanaboonyawat Isarin , Laokirkkiat Pitak
Published: October 2022

Objective

To compare the efficacy of combination clomiphene citrate (CC) plus letrozole with that of CC alone for ovulation induction in infertile women with chronic anovulation.

Material and methods

This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Infertility and Reproductive Biology Unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during the November 2020-December 2021 study period. Anovulatory women aged 18–40 years were equally allocated into either the CC 50 mg plus letrozole 2.5 mg once daily group or the CC 50 mg once daily group. The study drugs were administered on days 3–7 of each study patient’s menstrual cycle. The primary outcome was the ovulation rate defined by serum progesterone > 3 ng/mL at mid-luteal phase. The secondary outcomes were menstrual cycle characteristics, endometrial thickness, conception rate, and adverse events.

Results

One hundred women (50 per group) were enrolled. The mean age and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome were non-significantly different between groups. The ovulation rate according to intention-to-treat analysis was 78% and 70% in the combination and CC alone groups, respectively (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups for either mean endometrial thickness or number of dominant follicles. No serious adverse events were observed in either group.

Conclusion

There was no significant difference between combination CC plus letrozole and CC alone relative to their ability to induce ovulation in infertile women with chronic anovulation. The small number of live births (1 per group) was too low to be statistically analyzed.
A new algorithmic approach for maximum likelihood estimation of the pseudo-copula regression: P-MBP
Authors: Erdemir Övgücan Karadağ
Published: October 2022

In this study, a pseudo-maximization by parts method is introduced by developing the maximization by parts algorithm for the parameter estimation of pseudo-copula regression models. Sub and main score equations are obtained from the pairwise log-likelihood function and solved by the proposed iterative algorithm. The pseudo-maximization by parts algorithm is an iterative algorithm to avoid having to calculate the second-order derivative of the full log-likelihood function as maximization by parts algorithm. Instead of the Gaussian copula function in maximization by parts algorithm, the pseudo-Gaussian copula function is included in the new algorithm. The mean square errors of the estimators found by the maximization by parts algorithm and the pseudo-maximization by parts algorithm were compared using real Turkish comprehensive insurance data taken from the Turkish Insurance Information and Monitoring Center for the year 2017 and it is notable that the proposed algorithm provided better results in terms of having lower errors.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 62F99, 62J12, 62P05
Intraoperative pleth variability index-based fluid therapy and elderly gastrointestinal surgical outcomes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yue , Zheng Jin , W Caineng , Dong Xue , Guo Zhijia , Wu Xinhai
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy(GDFT) have been reported to reduce postoperative complications of the patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. The clinical benefits of pleth variability index(PVI) directed fluid management for gastrointestinal(GI) surgical patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of GDFT based on the PVI on elderly GI surgical outcomes.
METHODS: This randomised controlled trial was conducted in two university teaching hospitals from November 2017 to December 2020. A total of 220 older adults undergoing GI surgery were randomised to the GDFT group or conventional fluid therapy（CFT）group (n=110 each). The primary outcome was a composite of complications within 30 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes were cardiopulmonary complications , time to first flatus, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)and postoperative length of stay(PLOS)
RESULTS: The total volumes of fluid administered were less in the GDFT group than in the CFT group (2500(2000, 3100)vs2075(1900, 2600), P=0.008). In intention-to-treat analysis, we found no difference in overall complications between groups: (41.3%) (CFT group) vs (43.0%) (GDFTgroup) (OR=0.935; 95% CI, 0.541-1.615; P=0.809). The proportion of cardiopulmonary complication was higher in CFT group compared with GDFT group(19.2% vs 8.4%; OR=2.593, 95% CI, 1.120-5.999; P =0.022 ). No other differences were identified between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Among elderly patients undergoing GI surgery, intraoperative GDFT based on the simple and noninvasive PVI did not reduce the occurrence of composite postoperative complications but was associated with a lower cardiopulmonary complication compared with usual fluid management.
‘Something that facilitates our work…rather than a hindrance’: Clinical pharmacist perspectives on the use of data analytics to support polypharmacy medication reviews in primary care
Authors: Ruth Hurley , Jury Francine , Tjeerd P. van Staa , Palin Victoria , Christopher J. Armitage
Published: October 2022

Background: Polypharmacy and overprescribing pose an enormous challenge to safe healthcare and efficient use of resources. Patient record data could inform safer prescribing and deprescribing, but it is unclear how these complex data should be summarised and displayed to clinicians. The current study examined the perspectives of clinical pharmacists (CPs), a newly expanding workforce of primary care medication specialists, to explore ways that novel analytics could help improve health outcomes for frail and elderly (>65yrs) patients.
Methods: The utility of novel analytics interventions were discussed in an exploratory scoping workshop. Health risk data for frail and elderly patients with polypharmacy (modelled from extensive national datasets) were presented to primary care clinical pharmacists (n=14). Verbal and textual comments were thematically analysed using the framework method (exploratory content analysis) combining inductive and deductive approaches.
Results: Overarching themes of data use, data reservations and digital tools acceptance factors were identified. Respondents highlighted several uses for polypharmacy analytics interventions, including increased knowledge of clinical effects of drug-drug interactions, the ability to prioritise high-risk patients for reviews and medication to deprescribing (e.g., highlighting cumulative medication risk). Data reservations were linked to existing barriers (such as cognitive overload from existing systems and patient explainability) meaning that CPs’ acceptance of digital analytics tools is heavily contingent on facilitators such as ease of use, clear targeted purpose and the ability to support clinicians’ understanding and confidence in evaluation of analytics for patient care decisions.
Conclusion: The workshop helped to identify promising analytics and features for polypharmacy intervention development. Patient record data could help address a concerning deficit in evidence of real-world medication interactions, and help clinicians prioritise medication reviews. Barriers to use of digital tools for novel analytics must be addressed and criteria for acceptable user-focused tools are suggested.
Effects of Macrophage Depletion and Transplantation on Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-like Lesions in Mice
Authors:   Ryohei Kozutsumi1, Kuroshima Shinichiro , Sasaki Muneteru , Kaneko Haruka , A. Al-Omari Farah , Hayano Hiroki , Nakajima Kazunori , Kakehashi Hiroe , Sawase Takashi
Published: October 2022

Background: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a potentially intractable disease with no definitive pathophysiology and treatment and prevention strategies. Cell-based therapy is one of the useful methods for resolving intractable diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether time-selective depletion and transplantation of macrophages worsens and ameliorates, respectively, BRONJ-like lesions in mice.
Methods: A murine model of high-prevalence BRONJ-like lesions in combination with zoledronate/chemotherapeutic drug administration and tooth extraction was created according to our previous studies. Daily submucosal administration of clodronate-loaded liposomes and systemic transplantation of cultured M2 macrophages induced by macrophage colony-stimulation factor and interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were performed immediately after tooth extraction. Spleens, femora, tibiae, and maxillae were dissected 2 weeks after extraction to evaluate BRONJ-like lesions and systemic conditions by micro-computed tomography analysis, followed by histomorphometric and immunofluorescent analyses, and serum was assessed with ELISA.
Results: Depletion of macrophages significantly decreased the numbers of local and systemic macrophages, which markedly worsened osseous healing with increased necrotic bone and empty lacunae and soft tissue healing with decreased collagen production and increased infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. Interestingly, depletion of macrophages significantly shifted macrophage polarization to M1 macrophages by increased M1 macrophages and decreased M2 macrophages. On the other hand, transplantation of M2 macrophages significantly increased the number of local macrophages, but not systemic macrophages, resulting in amelioration and/or cure of early-stage BRONJ-like lesions by promoting osseous and soft tissue healing, with increased distributions of blood and lymphatic vessels and shifting macrophage polarization to M2 macrophages in the connective tissue of the early stages of BRONJ-like lesions.
Conclusions: These data demonstrated that polarization shifting of macrophages is one of the essential factors for development or healing of BRONJ. Cell-based therapy using M2 macrophages could become a useful treatment and/or prevention strategy for BRONJ if safe procedures are established.
Sulfamethazine sorption, degradation, and the percentage of sulfamethazine degradation products in solid, liquid, and gas phase in soil
Authors: Ishikawa Nao , Osanai Yunosuke , Sato Yuki , Hosono Taiti , Sasamoto Makoto , ITO Ayumi , Ishii Nobuyoshi , Tagami Keiko
Published: October 2022

Animal waste contains some antibiotics administered to livestock. Therefore, when they are applied to agricultural land as compost, the antibiotics are released into the soil environment. This study investigated sulfamethazine (SMZ) sorption and degradation in three types of soil and their behavioral mechanisms. Furthermore, a tracer experiment using SMZ labeled 14C was conducted to obtain the percentage of degradation products of SMZ in gray lowland soil. SMZ was degraded with contact time in andosol and gray lowland soil, whereas little degradation and sorption were observed in brown forest soil. Furthermore, SMZ degradation was suggested to be a contributor, because of the activity of soil microorganisms. Moreover, the soil sorbed some SMZ degradation products, and the others rapidly degraded to CO2.