bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Futuridade ou modalidade?
Authors: Drzazgowska Joanna
Published: December 2024

O objetivo do artigo é apontar algumas dificuldades dos estudantes polacos que existem no âmbito do emprego dos tempos gramaticais e das construções perifrásticas de valor futuro da língua portuguesa. Em primeiro lugar, com base nas gramáticas da língua portuguesa, apresentar-se-ão os meios que servem para exprimir o valor futuro (futuro simples, futuro composto, ir (no tempo presente) + infinitivo, haver (no tempo presente) de + infinitivo, presente do indicativo). Simultaneamente, analisar-se-ão os valores modais que parecem estar intimamente ligados às formas de futuro (Paiva Boléo, 1935). A seguir, mostrar-se-á uma curta análise dos recursos que existem na língua polaca e servem para exprimir o valor futuro. Indicar-se-ão algumas convergências, mas, antes de tudo, as divergências entre os sistemas de língua portuguesa e língua polaca.
Sobre o Pretérito Perfeito Composto no Português Europeu e os seus equivalentes em polaco
Authors: Wiśniewska Justyna
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo, num primeiro momento, descrever o funcionamento do tempo verbal Pretérito Perfeito Composto, enquadrando-o no sistema temporal do Português Europeu e analisar o uso desta forma verbal nos exemplos do corpus CETEMPúblico. Num segundo momento, a partir da tradução dos exemplos escolhidos, tenta-se apresentar os equivalentes do tempo em questão, evidenciando, ao mesmo tempo, os recursos de expressão dos seus valores em polaco. A análise mostra que em português, o sistema verbal se organiza, principalmente, a partir do tempo verbal enquanto em polaco a partir do aspeto verbal. Enquanto o português encontra expressão para as suas oposições aspetuais, principalmente, nos meios sintáticos, o polaco expressa o aspeto através dos processos léxico-morfológicos.
New record of interactions between spotted skunk (Spilogale sp.) and gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in Nayarit, México
Authors: Luja Víctor H. , Zamudio María G.
Published: December 2024

Para entender la dinámica de los ecosistemas terrestres, es fundamental estudiar las interacciones entre diferentes especies.  Estas interacciones (depredación, mutualismo, competencia y parasitismo), desempeñan un papel crucial en la regulación de las poblaciones y la distribución de las especies.  Se utilizaron cámaras trampa para registrar la biodiversidad del parque natural La Montaña Encantada, Municipio de Xalisco, Nayarit.  Se obtuvieron 3 registros de interacción entre un zorrillo manchado (Spilogale sp.) y la zorra gris (Urocyon cinereoargenteus).  En los videos obtenidos, el zorrillo sigue a la zorra muy de cerca; en uno de ellos la zorra incluso regresa a buscarlo.  Estos reportes de interacción entre zorrillos y zorras, los primeros registrados en bosque de encino en el occidente de México, se suman a los obtenidos para los ecosistemas áridos de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Puebla y en las selvas de la Península de Yucatán.  Las interacciones entre zorra gris y zorrillos ocurren también en bosques de encino de Nayarit.  Es necesario realizar estudios específicos para entender las causas y consecuencias de dichas interacciones.
Determinants of anaemia among pregnant women in Central Region, Ghana
Authors: Owusu-Sarpong Akosua Agyeiwaa , Anane Agnes Achiamaa , Sarpong Godfred Kwabena , Asante Kusi Rita Agyekumwah , Djan Richardson Ohene , Adu-Gyamfi Rhoda , Adjin-Tettey Philip , Tetteh Ato Kwamena
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims

In Ghana, anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem. As part of the Central Regional Health Directorate's mandate to address determinants of anaemia among pregnant women, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia and factors that influence its occurrence in Central Region.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 391 pregnant women aged 15–45 years old at ≥36 weeks' gestation from 12 randomly selected district hospitals and polyclinics in the Central Region. Data on their anaemia status and sociodemographic characteristics were collected between May and June 2022. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between anaemia and influencing factors.

Results

Overall, 47.1% of participants had anaemia, which was significantly associated with age (χ2=10.3, P=0.036). In multivariate analysis, pregnant women aged 21–25 years were significantly less likely (adjusted odds ratio=0.32, P=0.017) to experience anaemia compared to younger women.

Conclusions

Anaemia among pregnant women in the Central Region of Ghana is high, and age is a significant influencing factor. Several steps can be taken to lower the prevalence of anaemia, beginning with continuous public education on the importance of early antenatal care and nutrition during pregnancy. Other behaviours that may improve haemoglobin concentration include abstaining from alcoholic beverages and traditional herbal medicines, eating nutritious meals, increasing prophylaxis against malaria and intestinal worms and ensuring HIV-infected women are taking antivirals.

Implications for practice

The high prevalence of anaemia poses a major public health challenge, necessitating urgent coordinated efforts and resource allocation. Collaborative initiatives across sectors are vital for enhancing access to iron-rich foods and health services. A strong data system is essential for informed policymaking and implementing evidence-based strategies.
Morphological studies of endemic vineyard pest weevil (Megamecus shevketi Marshall & Lodos 1979) and new record of Megamecus bidentatus (Gebler, 1829) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Turkey
Authors: GÜLTEKIN LEVENT , GÜLTEKIN NESLIHAN , GÜÇLÜ MELEK
Published: December 2024

A species, Megamegus shevketi Marshall & Lodos 1979, is an endemic agricultural pest in western Turkey. Series of specimens recently collected at vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in the Aegean Region of Turkey allowed conducting detailed morphological studies developing an identification tool for this endemic pest weevil species. Internal morphological characters of terminalia segments and genitalia structure of female are described and illustrated for the first time. Megamecus bidentatus (Gebler, 1829) is firstly recorded for Turkish fauna.
Combination of Ultrasonic Cavitation and Sanitizing Agents to Reduce Bacterial Biofilm on Stainless Steel
Authors:   Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science and Liberal Art, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand, Meesilp Nutthawut
Published: December 2024

Pathogenic bacteria can contaminate in food products and line productions that causing foods spoilage and foodborne diseases. Biofilm is the important structure to support the survival and adherence of bacteria on materials from cleaning practices. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the combination of sanitizing agents and ultrasonic cavitation for elimination of bacterial biofilm stained on stainless steels grade 316 L. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli were proliferated by UHT milk, palm juice, and LB broth including the construction of their biofilm on stainless steel. Growth characteristics of all bacteria cultured with LB broth exhibited 9.60 log cfu/mL that greater than UHT milk, and palm juice after incubation at 37°C for 24 hours. Particularly, E.coli that cultured with every liquid culture medium has highly constructed biofilm on stainless steel, compared to other strains. The highest reducing biofilm value of P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, and E.coli after the elimination processes with sanitizing agents and ultrasonic cavitation have been discovered 89.34%, 88.46%, 81.13%, respectively.
Study on Esophageal Tumor Detection Based on the MTV Algorithm in Electrical Impedance Imaging
Authors: Ran Peng , Liu Wei , Li Minchuan , Lai Yingbing , Jiao Zhuizhui , Zhong Ying
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a method for detecting and locating esophageal tumors using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) based on the modified total variation (MTV) regularization algorithm, utilizing a four-layer electrode array balloon detection structure. The optimal structure of the electrode array was obtained using the uniform design (UD) method. By integrating esophageal tissue structure information, physical models containing tumors at different locations were constructed. Using the adjacent excitation mode, the study compared average voltage, voltage dynamic range, and boundary voltage changes of electrode pairs within one-quarter of a cycle to analyze esophageal tumor characteristics. By comparing the correlation coefficients, relative errors, and imaging times of three reconstruction algorithms, the MTV algorithm, which best matches the morphological characteristics of the esophagus, was selected for image reconstruction. The calculated tumor height showed an error (ΔH) within 1 mm, indicating that EIT can provide vital information on the position, size, and electrical properties of esophageal tumors, demonstrating significant potential for clinical application in esophageal examinations.
High Gain Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for Communications Between Cutting Tools and the Control Unit of Mining Equipment
Authors: Kringlen Collin T. , Elsherbeni Atef Z. , Rostami Jamal
Published: December 2024

A 2.44 GHz high gain circular polarized (CP) patch antenna is designed, fabricated and tested for operation while mounted on a rotating cutting drum of a mining or excavation machine. This design incorporates a radiating element that is elevated above the ground plane to increase the antenna gain. The design utilizes a single feed source and a square truncated corner patch to produce CP radiation. The gain of the final design reached 9 dBi with a sufficiently CP axial ratio and more than −25 dB cross-polarization isolation. This system enables the data communication between the rock cutting tools installed on the machine and the unit to enable the remote monitoring of tool conditions as well as identification of the formations being mined.
Design of DC to 40 GHz GaAs-based MMIC Attenuators by Utilizing Full-chip Numerical Analyses
Authors: Bayrak Mehmet Emin , Tekin Harun , Savci Huseyin Serif
Published: December 2024

In this study, a numerical analysis-based design methodology of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) attenuators on a GaAs-based microwave integrated passive device (IPD) technology is presented. The designs have 0 dB, 3 dB, 4 dB, 6 dB, 10 dB, 12 dB, 20 dB, and 30 dB attenuation from DC to 40 GHz. The attenuators are designed for a maximum RF power of 26 dBm and a maximum die area of 0.25 mm2. The circuits are physically compact but electrically large. The finite element method and Method of Moments (MoM)-based analyses are used. The MoM-based solutions show close correlations with the measurements. The measured return losses are better than 20 dB, and insertion loss variation is less than 0.5 dB across the entire band. This paper explains the detailed design steps and numerical electromagnetic setup to achieve first-pass success.
Avaliação Discente dos Cursos de Gestão Durante a Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: SOUZA SANTOS ROBERTA , MENDES VIEIRA KELMARA , SILVA GIACOMELLI GIANA
Published: December 2024

A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou de modo global diversas atividades e serviços, entre eles o setor educacional foi um dos mais atingidos, o que ocasionou uma abrupta migração das aulas presenciais para o Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Dentro desta perspectiva, o objetivo do presente artigo foi avaliar a satisfação discente com as disciplinas ofertadas pelos cursos de gestão em uma universidade pública, no período da pandemia. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de uma survey on line, valendo as análises de dados por meio das técnicas de estatística descritiva e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados evidenciaram que, em geral, os alunos demonstraram satisfação com o ensino on line. Os aspectos avaliados foram atuação docente na disciplina, metodologia de ensino, satisfação geral e conteúdo da disciplina. Este último representou a média mais elevada de satisfação. Já a análise de regressão indicou que a metodologia de ensino exerceu influência considerável na satisfação geral.  Com isso, observou-se que a instituição conseguiu enfrentar os desafios impostos, para que os seus serviços educacionais se desenvolvessem de modo a superar a situação de crise sanitária pública. Um fator que pode ter contribuido para isso foram sua infraestrutura física e tecnológica, além de docentes capacitados.
Extensão Universitária: Uma Análise do Estado da Arte Sobre A Relação Entre Universidade e Sociedade Visando a Inclusão Social
Authors: FREITAS DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR OSEIAS , MARIA DOS SANTOS BORTOLOCCI ESPEJO MÁRCIA
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa objetivou entender como a extensão universitária tem sido tratada nas pesquisas que abordam a relação entre universidade e sociedade na busca da inclusão social. Para tal, foi realizada a análise bibliométrica e, em continuidade, uma revisão de literatura que buscou verificar o estado da arte da temática. Ficou evidenciado, ao fim da pesquisa, que a análise bibliométrica é um instrumento eficaz, que mapeia as publicações e fornece índices informativos que auxiliam na revisão de literatura. Essa revisão visa evidenciar lacunas e potencialidades a serem exploradas em temas pouco explorados ou nos quais o pesquisador esteja iniciando seus estudos. Assim, pode-se concluir que, em relação ao objetivo da pesquisa, apresentam-se três lacunas principais, a saber: as questões de avaliação e validação dos resultados dos projetos de extensão, a temática da economia solidária como fomento à inclusão social e a gestão do conhecimento. Essas lacunas são potenciais focos de pesquisa que visam analisar como a universidade é capaz de impactar a comunidade através das ações extensionistas.
Broadband Frequency Combs for Applications in Quantum Technology and Spectroscopy
Authors: Zeltner Richard , Lompe Thomas , Schlichting Kerstin , Woschnik Phillip , Fricke Andreas , Schmidt Dag , Giunta Michele , Kordts Arne , Baldoni Ignacio , Steinmetz Tilo , Wu Yuanjie , Fischer Marc , Holzwarth Ronald
Published: December 2024

We report recent advancements in the realization of optical frequency combs with broad spectral coverage, ranging from the visible into the NIR-spectral range, for applications in quantum technologies and spectroscopy.
Optical Design for Quantum-Limited Wavefront Cameras
Authors: Brady David
Published: December 2024

Quantum fluctuations limit the accuracy of wavefront characterization in unprepared states to one photon per mode. Here we describe the optical design and system performance of wavefront sensors that approach this limit.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Heterogeneously Integrated Silicon Photonics
Authors: Huang Duanni
Published: December 2024

We review the latest advancements in Intel's 300mm silicon photonics platform for emerging applications such as high bandwidth density optical compute interconnects.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Dual-Comb Spectroscopy in the Deep Ultraviolet for Laser Plasma Characterization
Authors: Jones R. Jason
Published: December 2024

We utilize time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy in the deep ultraviolet (260nm) to measure the evolution of ionic and atomic species within a laser plasmas. Spectral analysis yields information on column densities, temperatures, and electron densities.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Single Photon Detectors for Communication and Sensing
Authors: Zwiller Val
Published: December 2024

We develop superconducting single photon detectors with the highest time resolution and detection efficiency. A wide range of applications are enabled by our single pixel and arrays of detectors.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Computational Imaging with Randomness
Authors: Horisaki Ryoichi
Published: December 2024

I will present our recent research efforts in computational imaging with randomness and scattering, including the use of machine learning techniques.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Machine Learning for Nonlinear Fiber Optics
Authors: Genty Goëry
Published: December 2024

In this talk, we will review our recent work on the application of the techniques of machine learning to control, predict, and analyse nonlinear dynamics in optical fiber systems.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Rendering of transparent objects in large-scale full-parallax polygon-based computer holography
Authors: Nishi Hirohito , Matsushima Kyoji
Published: December 2024

A rendering technique is proposed for creating full-parallax, large-scale computer-generated holograms (CGHs) that can reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) scene, including transparent objects. The proposed method enables us to simulate optical refraction based on wave optics without relying on Snell’s law. Several techniques are also presented to apply the method to creating large-scale CGHs by reducing the computation time. The validity of the proposed techniques is confirmed by fabricating an actual full-parallax, large-scale CGH.
Synthetic aperture X-ray ghost imaging with sub-micron pixel resolution
Authors: Zhao Nixi , Tang Jie , Zhao Changzhe , Wu Jianwen , Zhang Haipeng , Guo Han , Xiao TiQiao
Published: December 2024

Synthetic aperture X-ray ghost imaging (SAXGI) is proposed to achieve megapixel X-ray ghost imaging together with a reduced number of measurements. As the bucket detector array is artificially generated by post-pixel-binning of the images collected with the same detector as that in the reference arm, the unique advantages of SAXGI are not verified experimentally. In this paper, we developed a systematic solution of the experimental implementation of SAXGI, with the automatic interchange of 2× and 20× optical magnification of the detector for object and reference signal acquisition respectively, together with electronic pixel-binning of the detector. Taking the experimentally achieved 40×40 blocks as the bucket array in the object arm and addressing the challenge of image registration among the reference and object signals, we successfully achieved SAXGI imaging of 1960×1920 pixels with a pixel size of 0.325 µm. By developing a set of protocols improved in each part of the experiments, we can implement the data acquisition process of SAXGI in a few minutes, which is anticipated to facilitate the further application of the SAXGI method in related research fields.
Anti-reflection coating for all-semiconductor metasurface optical elements
Authors: Miyata Masashi , Hiraoka Ikue , Yamada Yuki , Nakajima Fumito , Hashimoto Toshikazu
Published: December 2024

Improving the performance of metasurface optical elements has become an increasingly important element of the ongoing quest toward their practical applications. One of the primary challenges is how to suppress light reflections across an entire metasurface. Such reflections are the source of undesirable noise, so their suppression is especially critical in imaging and optical communication applications. Here, we explore a variety of anti-reflection coatings (ARCs) for all-semiconductor transmissive metasurfaces and present a practical ARC that suppresses light reflection almost completely. Our numerical investigations reveal that the anti-reflection conditions of monolayer ARCs vary depending on the in-plane structural parameters of meta-atoms (circular posts or holes) as well as the plane on which an ARC is formed. We also found that such conditions can be well represented by our intuitive models. Furthermore, inspired by traditional ARCs for refractive optics, we investigated ARCs consisting of a bilayer as well. We found that an optimized bilayer ARC can significantly suppress reflections down to ∼0.5%, which is comparable to that obtained with traditional ARCs. We also demonstrate that creating nearly non-reflective metasurfaces is possible through the deposition of the bilayer ARC on an entire metasurface pattern. Given that the materials and configurations considered here are consistent with common manufacturing processes, this work can be a helpful guideline in the design of ARCs for metasurface optical elements.
Fast quantum ghost imaging with a single-photon-sensitive time-stamping camera
Authors: Mavian Alex , Xu Yang , Li Cheng , Boyd Robert W.
Published: December 2024

Quantum ghost imaging (QGI) leverages correlations between entangled
photon pairs to reconstruct an image using light that has never
physically interacted with an object. Despite extensive research
interest, this technique has long been hindered by slow acquisition
speeds, due to the use of raster-scanned detectors or the slow
response of intensified cameras. Here, we utilize a
single-photon-sensitive time-stamping camera to perform QGI at
ultra-low-light levels with rapid data acquisition and processing
times, achieving high-resolution and high-contrast images in under 1
min. Our work addresses the trade-off between image quality, optical
power, data acquisition time, and data processing time in QGI, paving
the way for practical applications in biomedical and quantum-secured
imaging.
Nonreciprocal magnon laser in a spinning cavity optomagnonic system
Authors: He Xiao-Wei , Wang Zheng-Yang , Han Xue , Wang Hong-Fu , Zhang Shou
Published: December 2024

We introduce a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to achieve a highly efficient nonreciprocal magnon laser within a spinning cavity optomagnonic system, which integrates a magnon mode and two optical modes. The rotation of the YIG sphere triggers the Barnett effect in the magnon mode and the Sagnac effect in the optical modes. The directional input of a pump light leads to opposite Sagnac–Fizeau frequency shifts in these modes. By adjusting the angular velocity, we can simultaneously control both the Barnett and Sagnac effects. Significantly, increasing the spin angular velocity enhances the system’s nonreciprocity and magnon gain, yielding an isolation rate of 38.7 dB and a low-threshold magnon laser. This method presents a promising avenue for developing a nonreciprocal magnon laser, with implications for spintronics and the advancement of nonreciprocal optical devices.
Rendezvous mit einer autonom navigierenden Paketstation—Ein innovatives Geschäftsmodell für die letzte Meile Logistik mit Gaia-X
Authors: Heinbach Christoph , Haff André , Lapp Nicolas , Jaschinski-Schürmann Bernd , Rychlik Hanspeter , Schulz Wolfgang H.
Published: December 2024

Autonome Liefer- und Zustellroboter durchdringen zunehmend das Pakettransportgeschäft, um die letzte Meile Logistik (LML) effizienter und nachhaltiger zu gestalten. Dabei entstehen neue Formen der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, die neben den operativen Vorteilen auch das Kundenerlebnis verbessern können. Gleichzeitig wird der Aufbau dezentraler Datenräume mit Gaia‑X in Europa für einen souveränen Datenaustausch und fairen Datenwettbewerb im Mobilitätssektor vorangetrieben. Trotz dieser vielversprechenden Entwicklungen und Möglichkeiten im Mobilitätsbereich werden transferorientierte Geschäftsmodelle bisher unzureichend für die LML thematisiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich dem Konsortialforschungsprojekt Gaia-X 4 ROMS und stellt ein innovatives Geschäftsmodell für neuartige autonom navigierende Paketstationen (ANP) auf Basis eines interaktiven Rendezvous-Prinzips vor. Mittels Design Thinking werden die zentralen Bestandteile für ein ANP-spezifisches Geschäftsmodell identifiziert und in einem Business Model Canvas für Flottenbetreiber des Paket- und Expresslogistikmarktes exemplarisch entworfen. Das gestaltete ANP-Geschäftsmodell wird abschließend in Handlungsempfehlungen für LML-Stakeholder überführt, die marktfähige ANP-Innovationen fokussieren und gleichzeitig eine hohe Datensouveränität anstreben. Gaia-X-Kompetenzen, Technologieoffenheit, Vertrauen und Zusammenarbeit sowie Schnelligkeit und Kontinuität stellen entscheidende Aspekte dar, damit die Nutzung zukünftiger föderierter Dateninfrastrukturen und der gezielte ANP-Einsatz im Bereich der LML erfolgreich gelingen können.
SLMO transfers phosphatidylserine between the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane in Drosophila
Authors: Zhao Siwen , Jiang Xuguang , Li Ning , Wang Tao
Published: December 2024

Phospholipids are critical building blocks of mitochondria, and proper mitochondrial function and architecture rely on phospholipids that are primarily transported from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we show that mitochondrial form and function rely on synthesis of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the ER through phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS), trafficking of PS from ER to mitochondria (and within mitochondria), and the conversion of PS to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PISD) in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Using a forward genetic screen in Drosophila, we found that Slowmo (SLMO) specifically transfers PS from the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) to the IMM within the inner boundary membrane (IBM) domain. Thus, SLMO is required for shaping mitochondrial morphology, but its putative conserved binding partner, dTRIAP, is not. Importantly, SLMO’s role in maintaining mitochondrial morphology is conserved in humans via the SLMO2 protein and is independent of mitochondrial dynamics. Our results highlight the importance of a conserved PSS-SLMO-PISD pathway in maintaining the structure and function of mitochondria.
Adjusting for principal components can induce collider bias in genome-wide association studies
Authors: Grinde Kelsey E. , Browning Brian L. , Reiner Alexander P. , Thornton Timothy A. , Browning Sharon R.
Published: December 2024

Principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used to control for population structure in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Top principal components (PCs) typically reflect population structure, but challenges arise in deciding how many PCs are needed and ensuring that PCs do not capture other artifacts such as regions with atypical linkage disequilibrium (LD). In response to the latter, many groups suggest performing LD pruning or excluding known high LD regions prior to PCA. However, these suggestions are not universally implemented and the implications for GWAS are not fully understood, especially in the context of admixed populations. In this paper, we investigate the impact of pre-processing and the number of PCs included in GWAS models in African American samples from the Women’s Health Initiative SNP Health Association Resource and two Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Whole Genome Sequencing Project contributing studies (Jackson Heart Study and Genetic Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Study). In all three samples, we find the first PC is highly correlated with genome-wide ancestry whereas later PCs often capture local genomic features. The pattern of which, and how many, genetic variants are highly correlated with individual PCs differs from what has been observed in prior studies focused on European populations and leads to distinct downstream consequences: adjusting for such PCs yields biased effect size estimates and elevated rates of spurious associations due to the phenomenon of collider bias. Excluding high LD regions identified in previous studies does not resolve these issues. LD pruning proves more effective, but the optimal choice of thresholds varies across datasets. Altogether, our work highlights unique issues that arise when using PCA to control for ancestral heterogeneity in admixed populations and demonstrates the importance of careful pre-processing and diagnostics to ensure that PCs capturing multiple local genomic features are not included in GWAS models.
Spop deficiency impairs adipogenesis and promotes thermogenic capacity in mice
Authors: Li Qinghe , Liu Yuhong , Wang Yuanyuan , Zhang Qi , Zhang Na , Song Danli , Wang Fei , Gao Qianmei , Chen Yuxin , Zhang Gaomeng , Wen Jie , Zhao Guiping , Chen Li , Gao Yu
Published: December 2024

As the adaptor protein that determines substrate specificity of the Cul3-SPOP-Rbx1 E3 ligase complex, SPOP is involved in numerous biological processes. However, its physiological connections with adipogenesis and thermogenesis remain poorly understood. In the current study, we report that the conditional knockout of Spop in mice results in substantial changes in protein expression, including the upregulation of a critical factor associated with thermogenesis, UCP1. Loss of SPOP also led to defects in body weight gain. In addition, conditional knockout mice exhibited resistance to high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Proteomics analysis found that proteins upregulated in the knockout mice are primarily enriched for functions in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and thermogenesis. Furthermore, Spop knockout mice were more resilient during cold tolerance assay compared with the wild-type controls. Finally, the knockout of SPOP efficiently impaired adipogenesis in primary preadipocytes and the expression of associated genes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the critical roles of SPOP in regulating adipogenesis and thermogenic capacity in mice.
Development of a latex microsphere-based lateral flow immunoassay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica
Authors: Tabilin Emmanuel John , Gordon Catherine A. , Mu Yi , Jiz Mario , Inobaya Marianette , Avenido-Cervantes Eleonor , Gray Darren , Mationg Mary Lorraine , McManus Donald P. , Egwang Thomas G. , Adriko Moses , Sako Yasuhito , Sato Marcello Otake , Sato Megumi , You Hong , Kelly Matthew , Cai Pengfei
Published: December 2024

Background

Zoonotic schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, is prevalent in China, the Philippines and Indonesia. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are attractive and promising tools for evaluating the efficacy of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control.

Methodology

The diagnostic potential of five recombinant antigens was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from individuals with positive Kato-Katz (KK) results for S. japonicum (n = 28) and non-endemic controls (n = 12). A latex microsphere (LM)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) incorporating the recombinant SjSAP4 (rSjSAP4) was developed for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The test conditions including diluent, dilution factor and reaction time, were optimised for the developed LFIA. Under the optimised conditions, serum samples from individuals living in a barangay endemic for S. japonicum (n = 549) and non-endemic controls (n = 50) were tested with the established LFIA cassettes. The results were imaged by a smartphone and analysed by the ImageJ program. The intensity ratio of the test line to the control line (T/C ratio) was calculated for each cassette.

Main findings

ELISA confirmed that rSjSAP4 was the optimal candidate for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Under optimal testing conditions, the developed LFIA strips had a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 98.0% at a cut-off T/C ratio of 0.1031. Moreover, the results of the LM-based LFIA was positively correlated with those obtained from the rSjSAP4-ELISA (r = 0.8270, 95% CI, 0.7990–0.8514; p < 0.0001). The schistosomiasis prevalence determined by the LFIA strips was about 1.8 times greater than that obtained with the 6-slide KK procedure performed on three stool samples.

Conclusions/Significance

The developed LFIA represents a POC diagnostic tool that is suitable for onsite screening of human S. japonicum infection with minimal equipment needed. The established immunochromatographic assay complies with most of the WHO’s ASSURED criteria for POC diagnostics.
The link between endocrine parameters, serum lithium concentrations, and cognitive functions among individuals with affective disorders at risk of suicidal behavior. A study protocol
Authors: Jakiene Vilma , Zalsman Gil , Burkauskas Julius , Adomaitiene Virginija , Zauka Eimantas , Naginiene Rima , Mickuviene Narseta , Steibliene Vesta
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Suicidal behavior is prevalent among individuals with mental disorders and constitutes a major global, clinical, and public health concern. It is generally accepted that the majority of persons who die by suicide are suffering from psychiatric disorders in most cases and that affective disorders make up the single commonest group. Suicide risk is highest during the years immediately following the onset of affective disorders; therefore, identifying risk factors and successful treatment of initially non-suicidal individuals with affective disorders can prevent developing suicidal behavior, help detecting, and predict it. Clarifying risk factors for individual types of major affective disorders could enhance earlier identification of suicidal risk, support preventive interventions and improve the treatment and prognosis of individuals at risk. We have developed a study protocol with the aim to address the complex interaction of endocrine parameters, lithium trace concentrations and cognitive functions with affective disorders and risk of suicidal behavior.

Method

A cross-sectional study will be done among individuals hospitalized after a suicidal attempt for treatment of affective disorders (group 1), hospitalized for the treatment of affective disorders without life time history of suicidal behavior (group 2), and control group individuals without life time history of mental disorders or suicidal behavior (group 3). Based on this study design we calculated the appropriate study sample size (N = 210). Venous blood samples of study participants will be collected for the evaluation of endocrine parameters, serum lithium concentrations, liver and kidney function. Data on sociodemographic factors, cognitive functions, history of mental disorders, and suicidality risk will be evaluated using validated questionnaires and instruments. Associations of endocrine parameters, serum lithium concentrations, cognitive functions, and suicidality risk will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including linear and logistic regression. Based on this study design we calculated the appropriate study sample size (N = 210). Power analysis has shown that this sample size is appropriate for detection of significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion

The findings of the potential influence of the associations between serum lithium trace concentrations, endocrine parameters, and cognitive functions on suicidality risk in individuals with affective disorders may help clinicians effectively plan suicide prevention and timely implement actions for treatment.
Precipitation in July maximizes total above-ground productivity of the desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Han Chunxue , Li Ruichao , Li Haigang
Published: December 2024

Precipitation distribution during the growing season and interannual precipitation variation may have significant impacts on grassland ecosystem productivity at the site level. To explore the effect of the distribution of precipitation on plant communities in the Inner Mongolian desert steppe dominated by Stipa breviflora, we analyzed monthly precipitation patterns during the growing season (May–October) over the past 60 years (1961–2020) and identified four major precipitation distribution patterns. These included the concentrated precipitation during July (TΛ7), August (TΛ8), and during the early and late growth stages. However, with precipitation being scarce during the boom (TM), the distribution resembled a normal distribution (T∩). Field experiments simulating the four distributions were conducted from May to October 2021. The results showed that the effects of the distribution of precipitation on plant species, diversity, and abundance were not significant; only the Pielou evenness showed a significant effect after July. The total above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) of TΛ7 was 55.4% higher than those of the other three patterns, whereas the differences among the other three precipitation distributions were not significant. The annual forb Neopallasia pectinate was the primary contributor to the increased ANPP of TΛ7. These results suggest that the S. breviflora desert steppe achieved maximum productivity when the precipitation reached 41.6% of the annual average during July and satisfied the basic plant growth requirements during other months. This study emphasizes the implementation of management measures (irrigation or artificial precipitation) for maximizing forage yield and forecasting the plant composition in desert steppes.
Das Lágrimas de Aiti aos Diversos Sonhares do Povo Tuxá
Authors: Valécio de Jesus André Alademi
Published: December 2024

A partir do mito vivo referente ao nascimento do rio São Francisco, que decorreu no tempo primórdio, este artigo pretendeu refletir a respeito da relação sociocultural-subjetiva entre o rio São Francisco e os povos indígenas. Realizou-se um estudo etnográfico na aldeia mãe do povo Tuxá, no nordeste brasileiro, em face dos diversos conflitos ocasionados pelas políticas de desenvolvimento socioeconômico do Estado que vêm, historicamente, impactando na inter-relação indígena/São Francisco. Para refletir sobre a temática mito nas sociedades ameríndias, faz-se necessário desnudar-se do valor semântico ocidental de “fábula”. O mito não cumpre a função restrita de explicação do surgimento dos fenômenos naturais, ele faz parte de uma cosmovisão ameríndia do religioso, que conecta o ser espiritual com elementos da natureza, ao contrário do Estado, que tem negligenciado veemente a cosmologia ameríndia e os sistemas ecológicos, desenvolvendo megaprojetos como construções de hidrelétricas e a transposição do rio com único objetivo do desenvolvimento econômico.
Continuidad y evolución de los espacios funerarios en el litoral gallego de la Antigüedad tardía a la Alta Edad Media
Authors: Valle Abad Patricia
Published: December 2024

La costa de Galicia (España) acoge una serie de espacios funerarios cuyo estudio ha permitido constatar la pervivencia en el noroeste peninsular de ciertas necrópolis de época romana o tardorromana con posterioridad al s. V d.C. Estos cementerios, diseminados de forma irregular a lo largo del litoral gallego, presentan un uso continuado o intermitente del espacio hasta por lo menos el s. VII, con algunos ejemplos concretos que se mantienen tras los primeros siglos de la Alta Edad Media. Aunque se trata de un grupo reducido y heterogéneo, su estudio ha permitido constatar la pervivencia de ciertas costumbres, así como la evolución y desaparición de algunas prácticas, evidenciando las transformaciones sufridas por estos espacios a lo largo del tiempo. El presente artículo expone los resultados obtenidos del estudio de estos cementerios, analizando si los cambios en las costumbres funerarias se produjeron de forma gradual y paulatina, como sugieren las directrices y prohibiciones recogidas en los concilios eclesiásticos de los s. VI-VII; o si, por el contrario, se trató de una transformación abrupta, asociada quizás a la presencia de nuevos credos y contingentes humanos.
A Necrópole Rupestre de Moreira de Rei (Trancoso, Guarda):
Authors: Fernandes Inês , Carlos Lobão João , Do Céu Ferreira Maria , Paulos do Nascimento Gonçalo
Published: December 2024

Documentada desde 960, Moreira de Rei foi um dos lugares mais destacados da região durante os tempos medievais. Como principal testemunho de época altomedieval, a povoação conserva uma extensa necrópole de sepulturas escavadas na rocha, de que se conheciam cerca de 150 túmulos dispersos por uma área hoje coincidente com o largo da igreja românica de Santa Marinha e construções confinantes.
No âmbito do projecto de requalificação e valorização deste largo, promovido pela autarquia local, esta necrópole tem sido objecto, desde 2018, de escavações que incidem sobre todo o espaço público envolvente à igreja. Os trabalhos realizados até a data revelaram um impressionante espaço funerário, do qual se identificaram cerca de 700 sepulturas, maioritariamente escavadas no substrato rochoso granítico. Embora as escavações estejam ainda em curso, apresentam-se algumas considerações e dados genéricos sobre o contexto e as características desta necrópole altomedieval, posteriormente convertida em cemitério paroquial, e sobre as características paleobiológicas dos indivíduos exumados.
Um forno e dois crânios encontrados na porta Sul da Egitânia (Idanha-a-Velha): uma descoberta única do início da Idade Média
Authors: Tereso Sofia , Ribeiro Carla , Cristóvão José , Cordero Tomas , Costeira da Silva Ricardo , Tente Catarina , Carvalho Pedro
Published: December 2024

Em 2019, durante as escavações arqueológicas levadas a cabo na Aldeia Histórica de Idanha-a-Velha, no âmbito do projeto “IGAEDIS: Da Civitas Igaeditanorum à Egitânia. A construção e evolução da cidade e a definição dos seus territórios da época romana até à doação dos Templários (séculos I a XII)”, foram exumados dois crânios no interior de um pequeno forno localizado na porta sul da antiga cidade romana. Os crânios correspondem a dois indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 7 e os 16 anos e foram datados da fase final da época romana. Os mesmos foram depositados no forno em posição secundária após o abandono deste, num momento que terá ocorrido com maior probabilidade já no século VI. Este depósito, que constitui um contexto original e único no mundo funerário da Alta Idade Média lusitana e peninsular, levanta várias questões de interpretação e de leitura de sequências temporais na formação de contextos arqueológicos complexos. Os dois indivíduos foram analisados e apresenta-se igualmente os resultados desse estudo.
Modelling Hysteresis with Memristors
Authors: Csikós Sándor , Bálint Ádám , Sárosi József
Published: December 2024

In the realm of electronics, the foundational passive
components—resistors, inductors, and capacitors—are
well-established. However, in 1971, Leon Chua introduced a
theoretical fourth element, the memristor, identified by its
distinctive characteristic of memristance and its manifestation in
a pinched hysteresis loop. This intriguing property suggests
potential applications beyond conventional electronics,
particularly in modelling hysteresis phenomena across various
domains. This paper delves into the exploration of memristance as
a mathematical framework for simulating hysteresis in electrical
and mechanical systems. We commence by elucidating the theoretical
underpinnings of memristance and its hysteresis behaviour,
followed by a comprehensive overview of existing hysteresis
models. Subsequently, we propose a novel approach that leverages
the memristor model to offer enhanced insights and predictive
capabilities for hysteresis in these systems. Through analytical
examination and simulation studies, we demonstrate the versatility
and applicability of the memristor model, underscoring its
potential as a universal tool for hysteresis modelling. This
research not only broadens the understanding of memristive
properties but also opens new avenues for cross-disciplinary
applications, ranging from electronic circuit design to mechanical
system analysis.
A Prelude: Introduction to irregular sequences and functions
Authors: Mbele Mfanufikile
Published: December 2024

The current work is an effort to introduce the preliminaries of the main document titled "Introduction to irregular sequences and functions. Therefore, you can find the processes that involve irregular sequences that are explained separately due to document size required for submission on the Journal. in addition, the current document has been revised and errors have been fixed (even if it is not guaranteed that it is all of them).
The Concept of Practical Criticism in Kurdish Literary Criticism
Authors: Ameen Karzan K. , Mohamad Fuad R.
Published: December 2024

A broad spectrum of critical studies operates by implementing and advocating for working within the frame of the concept of practical criticism, however, this term does not have a single applicable concept, principle, or model. Rather, it has different forms, theoretical backgrounds, and cognitive structures. From this viewpoint, this research provides a critical examination of how the term "practical criticism" is defined and applied in Kurdish literary criticism. This article examines the notion and definition of literary criticism, focusing on the critical theory of I. A. Richards. Based on this theory, it explains the concepts, objectives, and principles of practical criticism. The study also analyzes and evaluates how the term is formed, and how it is understood and practiced in some of the critical works in Kurdish literary criticism that have claimed to use and work with this term. In this regard, within the boundaries and framework of meta-criticism, it explains and investigates how the term practical criticism is present and applied in the critical research of Kurdish critics. It explains the reasons behind the understanding and how the term is utilized. In addition, it explores and discusses all the forms used in the discourse of Kurdish literary criticism as synonymous with practical criticism. In addition to these applications, the dominant understanding and the general concept of practical criticism, and the lack of understanding, practicing, and working within the framework of the specific concept of practical criticism in the circle of theorized arguments have been explained and evaluated.
Delving into the dietary delights of cucurbits: A nutritional and therapeutic exploration
Authors: Prabakaran G P , Praneetha S , Haripriya S , Manikanda N B , Kumaresan D , Chandrakumar K
Published: December 2024

For a well-balanced diet, vegetables are essential, especially as a source of minerals, dietary fiber, vitamins (A, B1, B2, B6, B9, C, D and E) and phytonutrients which are vital to human nutrition. They constitute a sizable percentage of the diet and nutrition. The Cucurbitaceae family of plants include a wide variety of vegetables that have been valued for their nutritional and culinary versatility. They are been grown for commercial purposes round the year. Cucurbits are preferred by many people and can be eaten raw or cooked because of its high water content and low fat content, they facilitate for weight management and hydration. They are utilized in a balanced diet since they have good nutrient profile and little calories. Cucurbits have been shown to be high in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, making them suitable for intake by persons of all ages. They have strong antioxidant activity as well as a number of therapeutic benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antitumour, anti-diabetic and anti-ulcer qualities. Understanding the nutritional characteristics of cucurbits is imperative to make aware about the most of their health benefits and including them into diet plans that aim to improve overall health and well-being. Cucurbit nutrition, emphasizing key nutrients, health-promoting qualities and possible effects on human health are the topic taken for discussion in this review.