bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty with Electronic Word of Mouth as Moderating Variable
Authors: Rumefi Ufi
Published: November 2021

This research was conducted to find out and explain the influence of Term of Payment dependent variables on independent variable Customer Loyalty with Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable. Samples in this study were customers of UD SUMBER AGUNG which amounted to 37 respondents, the research method used is quantitatively described with a tool SPSS.16 aids, the results of the study showed nillai t sig. the effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty before moderating test of 0.000 is less than 0.05 this means that Term of Payment affects Customer Loyalty before moderating test for percentage of R-Squares effect of Term of Payment on Customer Loyalty of 57.3% the remaining 42.7% is influenced by other variables such as: complaint handling and good quality product. The test result of t. sig variable Term of Payment to Customer Loyalty after moderating with Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable is AbsX1_X2 (0.789>0.05) this explains that Electronic Word of Mouth as moderating variable is not able to strengthen the relationship between X to Y.
An Analysis of Online Model Learning in Educational Seminar Courses at IKIP Budi Utomo
Authors: Hoar Hermina Noviana , Prasetyo Novi Eko , Purwati Titik
Published: November 2021

Corona virus (covid) has disrupted the learning process directly. So the government has issued regulations to maintain distance and social distancing. So a solution is needed to answer this problem. Online learning is one way to solve this problem. The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the implementation of the application of online learning models in educational seminar courses. 2) To find out what obstacles are the problems in the online model learning process in seminar courses. 3) To find out the development of online learning in educational seminar courses. 4) to find out the skill aspect in online model learning in educational seminar courses at IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. The research subjects are lecturers of educational seminar subjects and students of the 2018 economic education study program class A and B IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis technique. Analysis of research data obtained from the process of searching and compiling systematically, data obtained from observations, interviews and the field, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, conclusions and verification. The results of the study show that (1) the implementation of the application of online model learning in the educator seminar course has been effective; (2) the obstacles that become problems in the online learning process in educational seminar courses are the internet network, communication between lecturers and students, lack of effectiveness and time efficiency, lack of enthusiasm of students in understanding the material; (3) students are able to make proposals and journals and then able to carry out educational seminars online.
The Development of Canva as an Economic Learning Media at Tholabie Islamic Boarding School Malang
Authors: Amini Siti Kholifa , Pujiharti Yulita
Published: November 2021

This study aims to develop Canva as a learning medium with the main subject of economics, namely consumer households for class VIII SMP. The approach used is research and development (R%D). The research method taken is Mixed methods design. The subjects in this study were students of SMP Pondok Pesantren Tholabie Malang. Data collection techniques used by researchers are observations and questionnaires. Canva is developed using the ADDIE development model that has been modified by researchers. The results showed that the Canva learning video media was feasible to be used and applied in economic learning with the subject matter of consumer households for class VIII SMP Pondok Pesantren Tholabie. The researcher uses descriptive quantitative data analysis techniques and shows the assessment of media experts (4.75) with proper and valid categories. This assessment is based on the presentation of material, language, and graphics in writing. In the assessment of material experts (5.0) with a very valid and very feasible category. This assessment is based on the presentation of the material, language, and graphics in writing the content of the material. The researcher also received a response from students of 77% which could be categorized as worthy. The results of these student responses are distributed to obtain results and measure the validity and achievement of students. In this study, researchers were only able to retrieve data online online using the google form as a data collection tool, this was due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the PPKM. The result of data analysis that has been owned by the researcher shows that the percentage level is in a feasible and valid category, this means that Canva's learning video media is effective for use in Tholabie Islamic Boarding School Junior High School.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Materi Biologi Umum Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis Web dan Android
Authors: Prayitno Trio Ageng , Hidayati Nuril
Published: November 2021

The many sources of general biology material on the internet that are difficult to distinguish between authenticity and validity cause students to be confused. Students are confused about which source to use and which one to start with, so this case causes big problems for the learning process and student learning outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine student responses to the development of general biology materials interactive multimedia based on web and android. The research method is descriptive quantitative through survey techniques with a sample of 100 students from IKIP Budi Utomo, Universitas PGRI Madiun, and Nusantara Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri. The research instrument was an electronic questionnaire consisting of eleven questions and was given to students. The research data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that students had difficulty finding valid and accountable general biology materials on the internet (40.2%), students agree if the lecturer prepares general biology material that meets the valid criteria (94.1%), students agree that general biology material is in the form of interactive multimedia based on web and android for present and future learning (79.4%), and students agree that general biology material interactive multimedia based on web and android can help students understand general biology material anywhere and anytime (70.6%). The conclusion of this study is that students need general biology materials interactive multimedia based on the web and android for present and future learning.
Analisa Pola Penjualan Makanan Dengan Penerapan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Handayanna Frisma , Irfiani Eni
Published: November 2021

Banyaknya variasi rasa dari Pudding Moiaa mengakibatkan penjual mengalami kesusahan mencari tahu varian rasa sering terbeli secara bersamaan, pengaturan letak yang berserakan, tidak dapat diklasifikasikan pesanan konsumen berdasarkan permintaan, dan ketersediaan produk tidak terditeksi dengan baik oleh penjual. Permasalahan tersebut mengakibatkan penjual merasakan kesusahan mengetahui jumlah barang yang sering habis secara bersamaan. Metode yang dipergunakan memecahkan masalah menggunakan metode data mining algoritma apriori dengan aturan asosiasi dan aplikasi RapidMiner. Tujuan penelitian ialah menentukan pola kemiripan rasa paling banyak terjual secara bersamaan, sehingga dapat memprediksi pola kombinasi dari itemset paling banyak berdasarkan data penjualannya yang akan terbentuk pola asosiasi dari kombinasi itemnya. Metode ini membantu penjual mengatur strategi penjualan dengan melakukan penempatan makanan dengan rasa paling sering dibeli bersamaan didaftar menunya. Pengolahan data menggunakan algoritma apriori dan aplikasi RapidMiner menunjukkan hasil pola asosiasi yang sama pada penjualan makanan dihasilkan 3 itemset yaitu Choco Almond, Moca dan Swiss Choco dengan nilai support 40,0% sedangkan nilai confidence sebesar 92,3%.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Media Pembelajaran Bagi Siswa Penyandang Tuna Rungu Berbasis Android
Authors: Aditya Addin , Susanto Decya Windri Sukmawati
Published: November 2021

Masyarakat penyandang tuna rungu tentunya mengalami kesulitan saat melakukan komunikasi sehari-hari, terutama bagi para siswa tuna rungu. Sejauh ini, mereka menggunakan bahasa isyarat SIBI dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. SIBI merupakan jenis bahasa isyarat yang banyak digunakan pada lembaga pendidikan luar biasa. Namun disatu sisi, proses belajar mengajar dinilai masih kurang maksimal apalagi dimasa pandemi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun sebuah aplikasi berbasis smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran tambahan pengenalan huruf alphabet dan kata bagi penyandang disabilitas tuna rungu serta memudahkan mereka untuk berkomunikasi dengan sesama. Aplikasi dibuat dengan menggunakan metode waterfall, dimulai dari analisis kebutuhan, perancangan, pembuatan hingga uji coba. Penelitian ini terbatas pada pengenalan huruf alphabet dan kata dalam bahasa Indonesia serta ditujukan bagi penyandang disabilitas tuna rungu usia 7-10 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil uji ahli materi dan bahan ajar serta uji kelayakan pengguna, aplikasi ini dinyatakan layak untuk dikembangkan dengan hasil taraf kelayakan 80.45%. Deaf people certainly have difficulty in carrying out daily communication, especially for deaf students. So far, they use SIBI sign language in teaching and learning activities. SIBI is a type of sign language that is widely used in special education institutions. But on the one hand, the teaching and learning process is considered to be still less than optimal, especially during the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to build a smartphone-based application as an additional learning medium to recognize letters and words for deaf people and make it easier for them to communicate with other people. Applications are made using the waterfall method, starting from needs analysis, design, manufacture to testing. This research is limited to the introduction of letters of the alphabet and words in Indonesian and is intended for deaf people aged 7-10 years. Based on the results of expert tests of teaching materials and user feasibility tests, this application is declared feasible to be developed with a feasibility level of 80.45%.
Analisa Dan Perancangan Load Balancing Web Server Mengunakan HAProxy
Authors: Riska Riska , Alamsyah Hendri
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem server load balancing web server dan selanjutnya melakukan analisis masalah-masalah yang ada sebagai dasar perancangan server untuk mengatasi masalah yang ada pada server yang akan dibuat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan berlandaskan pada metode perancangan atau eksperimental, selanjutnya dilakukan analisa terhadap kondisi server sebelum dan sesudah dirancangnya load balancing web server serta aplikasi website yang akan diterapkan dengan mengimplementasikan load balancing web server menggunakan HAProxy. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa load balancing web server menggunakan HAProxy dapat meningkatkan performansi server website berdasarkan tingkat ketersediaan server (uptime) sebesar  99,49% dan rata – rata waktu klik sebesar 7,291ms per user serta konsistensi data pada server website Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu. Untuk menjaga konsistensi data, pada pengembangan server ini juga memanfaatkan fasilitas replikasi data. Dengan solusi ini tingkat ketersediaan server akan terjaga dan konsistensi data yang terjamin.
Implementasi Process Mining pada Proses Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL)
Authors: Nurlaili Afina Lina , Muhsin - , Safitri Eristya Maya
Published: November 2021

Proses yang tidak terdokumentasi dapat menjadi masalah apabila tidak ada suatu prosedur yang mendasarinya, khususnya pada proses yang melibatkan banyak aktivitas. Prosedur dibutuhkan untuk mengatur kegiatan dalam mencapai tujuan tertentu. Dalam hal memenuhi tujuan tersebut, dibuatlah panduan berupa Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) yang dapat memberikan manfaat bagi organisasi mana pun yang menerapkannya. SOP juga menjadi dasar dalam proses evaluasi antara kenyataan di lapangan dengan prosedur yang telah dibuat ke dalam SOP sehingga diperlukan suatu teknik untuk mengevaluasi antara SOP dengan kenyataan. Process mining merupakan teknik evaluasi antara suatu model proses dengan data peristiwa atau event log yang terdapat dalam sistem informasi. Berbagai metode process mining telah dikenalkan yaitu algoritma Alpha dan Heuristic Miner. Algoritma Alpha dan Heurisctic pada penelitian ini akan dihitung nilai fitness dan presisi. Fitness dilakukan dengan mengukur kesesuaian antara event log dan model proses. Presisi mengukur apakah suatu algoritma tepat untuk menyelesaikan kasus tertentu. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan, algoritma Alpha tidak mampu menggambarkan proses sesuai dengan event log PKL. Hal ini disebabkan karena varian kasus mengandung proses loop/perulangan. Hal ini juga menunjukkan event log yang ada pada proses PKL belum menerapkan SOP PKL. Sedangkan Heuristic Miner mengabaikan proses minor menyebabkan proses-proses yang tidak banyak terjadi, tidak digambarkan ke dalam model proses. Secara keseluruhan proses model yang terbentuk menggunakan algoritma Alpha yang paling mendekati dengan kenyataan karena memiliki fitness 0,96.
Metode High-Pass Filter Dan Fast Fourier Transform Untuk Perbaikan Citra Telapak Tangan
Authors: Furqan Mhd , Sriani - , Tanjung Muhammad Akbar Ramadhan
Published: November 2021

Telapak tangan sering digunakan sebagai sumber penelitian dibidang sistem biometrik karena mempunyai karakteristik seperti sidik jari. Selain itu, telapak tangan juga mudah didapatkan dan dapat diperoleh dari citra yang memiliki resolusi rendah. Namun, selain itu juga sebuah citra telapak tangan akan dapat mengalami penurunan terhadap kualitasnya. Untuk itu dilakukanlah sebuah tahap yang dikenal dengan perbaikan kualitas citra, dimana bidang ini merupakan tahap awal dari pengolahan citra digital. Dalam penelitian ini penggunaan metode dalam perbaikan citra difokuskan untuk menajamkan citra telapak tangan dengan menggunakan high pass filter dan filter fast fourier transform, dimana sebelumnya citra tersebut telah diolah dengan menggunakan histogram ekualisasi untuk meningkatkan kontras citra telapak tangan. Setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap 30 sampel citra. Dengan menilai error pada MSE (Mean Square Error) dan PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) dari citra hasil rekonstruksi, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan high pass filter dengan koefisien=1 menghasilkan citra yang lebih baik dimana nilai rata-rata MSE=7,064544(dB) dan PSNR=40,01314(dB) daripada menggunakan high-pass filter dengan koefisien=0. Sedangkan pada fast fourier transform dengan menggunakan Ideal High-Pass Filter (IHPF) mampu menghasilkan citra rekonstruksi yang lebih baik dengan rerata MSE=9,354056(dB) dan PSNR=38,537046(dB) dari pada menggunakan butterworth high-pass filter (BHPF) dan gaussian high-pass filter (GHPF)
APPLICATION OF THE REAL ESTATE CADASTRE FOR THE RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Authors: Klyushnichenko Viktor N. , Kiseleva Anastasia O. , Naumenko Dana A.
Published: November 2021

Currently, issues of rational and environmentally friendly environmental management are of particular relevance. For these purposes, a system of eco-products and eco-industries is developing. The main institute for accounting for land plots and capital construction facilities is Rosreestr. Minerals in the Earth's bowels are also real estate by law, but are not taken into account in the modern cadastre, which leads to their unsystematic use and destruction. The negative aspects of the use of natural resources are reflected. The need to record all types of natural resources provided for in the Civil Code in the Unified State Register of Real Estate is justified.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND REGULATORY PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL DATA REGIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE FUNCTIONING
Authors: Anashkin Pavel A.
Published: November 2021

The relevant status of the different directions and mechanisms of forming of spatial data from the point of view of existing regulations and organizational problems is presented. On real examples classification of spatial data regional infrastructure component parts on the level of development of functionality, adequacy to the provided information and perspectives of further development is made. From among discussed the most effective and potentially demanded regional sources of creation, development and updating of spatial data are selected: an electronic cartographic basis in a vector format, spatial data fund and the geoportal. The key moments complicating effective development of spatial data regional infrastructure according to the author are selected. Options for solving existing organizational and regulatory problems by strengthening the role and increasing the share of participation of regions are proposed.
STATE CADASTRAL REGISTRATION OF SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURE CONSERVATION AREAS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Petrova Larisa E.
Published: November 2021

The Russian Federation's State Policy in the field of land and property relations is aimed at the land resources rational use as the most important component of the country's national wealth. In accordance with the policy papers and special-purpose projects of the international and regional level adopted in the Russian Federation in recent decades, environmental protection as one of the priority areas includes the formation and ensuring the sustainable functioning of specially protected nature conservation areas system of different levels and categories. According to the legislation, boundaries of specially protected nature conservation areas data and their protected zones must be entered in the Unified State Register of Real Estate, which ensures timely informing of concerned parties about exist restrictions in the land use mode. An analytical work being conducted review on the cadastral registration of specially protected nature conservation areas and their protected zones showed the absence or incorrect reflection of relevant information in the real estate cadastre, which is the reason for the environmental regime violation and numerous proceedings.
CADASTRAL VALUATION EXPERTISE IMPACT AND QUALITY CONTROL ON THE RUSSIA SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sinitsyna Anna L.
Published: November 2021

Currently, the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK) Economics Department is conducting research in the framework of studying the relationships, the degree and nature and strength of influence and impact in the Russia economic and social development planes and the complex of property relations (including state cadastral valuation, regulatory regulation of valuation activities and land management policy). The study is conducted in stages and consistently on the open sources basis. The purpose of this stage is to study the impact of the examination and quality control of the state cadastral assessment (SCA) on the Russia socio-economic development over the past two decades. The tasks are to collect statistical data on SCA for the last two years, to analyze the effectiveness of SCA quality control, to develop recommendations and suggestions for improving the SCA results.
ON THE ISSUE OF CREATING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL CADASTRE IN BUILT-UP AREAS
Authors: Vylegzhanina Valerija V. , Giniyatov Ilgiz A. , Parkhomenko Darya V.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problems arising in the implementation of cadastral activities in the framework of judicial land management expertise. An assessment is given to the significance of this type of activity in the implementation by landowners of protection or restoration of violated rights in court. Examples of delaying the procedure for considering litigation due to an unprofessional approach to the performance of duties by cadastral engineers within the framework of a judicial land management expertise are given. The attributes of land management expertise as research are indicated. The necessity of monitoring the specified type of activity, which affects the professionalism of the cadastral work, which allows to objectively assess the essential and legally significant circumstances of the land management examination, has been substantiated. Reasonable proposals have been prepared aimed at the regulation and control of the specified type of cadastral activity, which will allow, in general, to streamline the specified type of cadastral activity, as well as the observance of the principle of legality and validity of judicial land disputes.
Исследование влияния развития улично-дорожной сети на рыночную стоимость недвижимого имущества
Authors: Дубровский Алексей Викторович , Усманов Фарид Ринатович
Published: November 2021

Формирование дорожно-транспортной системы является одним из главных направлений развития современных городов. Высокий уровень развития транспорта – это большое преимущество, которое позволяет населению быстро добираться в любую точку города. В связи с этим ценность территорий с развитой транспортной инфраструктурой увеличивается по сравнению с теми, где она развита в меньшей степени. Такое различие отражается, в том числе и в цене на недвижимость. К настоящему времени проведено достаточно много эмпирических исследований по данному вопросу. Однако результаты разных исследований значительно отличаются и иногда противоречат друг другу. Кроме того, влияние факторов транспортной доступности на цену недвижимости имеет неодинаковое влияние в разных регионах, что приводит к необходимости проведения исследований для каждого города в отдельности. Для того чтобы определить степень влияния улично-дорожной сети на рыночную стоимость недвижимости необходимо выполнить анализ факторов, влияющих на стоимость недвижимости, и сравнить объекты-аналоги. Для проведения анализа, были взяты земельные участки из жилых комплексов Новосибирска, имеющих разные характеристики. Получены практические данные подтверждающие влияние уровня развития улично-дорожной сети на рыночную стоимость недвижимости на территории города Новосибирска.
К вопросу о стандартизации норм полос отвода автомобильных дорог
Authors: Костеша Владимир Александрович , Марычева Ольга Алексеевна
Published: November 2021

Данная статья посвящена проблемам определения границ полос отвода автомобильных дорог. Отдельное внимание уделяется вопросам нормативно-правового обеспечения установления полос отвода и несоответствию реальных размеров и конфигурации полос отвода нормативным значениям. Предложены пути совершенствования существующего состояния с использованием современных геоинформационных систем. Разработана схема работ по приведению полос отвода к нормативным показателям.
Оптимизация процесса рендеринга в 3ds Max с использованием программы Corona Render
Authors: Кропоткина Алина Петровна , Гиниятов Ильгиз Ахатович
Published: November 2021

В статье раскрывается понятие рендера и процесса рендеринга. Рассмотрены наиболее популярные представители программного обеспечения, реализующего процедуру рендеринга, обозначены их достоинства и недостатки. Показана возможность использования трехмерной графики при создании и ведении 3D-кадастра в России. Рассмотрены основные этапы создания визуализации и обосновывается важность настройки каждого этапа при создании изображения. Предложены параметры освещения, материалов, рендера, которые помогут существенно сократить время просчета визуализации. С помощью программного обеспечения Corona Render создано изображение помещения с соблюдением предложенных параметров, что подтвердило оптимизацию процесса рендеринга.
Природно-сельскохозяйственное районирование для целей оценки земель
Authors: Морошкин Дмитрий Васильевич
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации рационального использования, эффективного мониторинга состояния земель сельскохозяйственного назначения природного районирования территорий, а также рассмотрены проблемы законотворческой деятельности в рамках стратегического планирования использования земельных ресурсов.
Исследование правовых основ обеспечения безопасности при выполнении геодезических, кадастровых, землеустроительных и иных работ в полевых условиях
Authors: Мучин Павел Васильевич , Мучин Максим Павлович
Published: November 2021

Выполнен анализ доступных для ознакомления нормативных правовых актов, локальных нормативных документов и других информационных источников, отражающих вопросы обеспечения безопасности при выполнении полевых геодезических работ. Отмечены недостатки существующей системы по созданию правовых основ, регулирующих вопросы безопасности выполнения различных видов работ с использованием методов геодезии. Показаны возможности СГУГиТ в разработке необходимых нормативных правовых актов.
Разработка технологических решений для 3D-кадастра России с учетом передового опыта зарубежных стран
Authors: Иванова Александра Игоревна , Чернов Александр Викторович
Published: November 2021

В статье приведены результаты анализа передового зарубежного опыта в создании и внедрении 3D-кадастров недвижимости. Рассмотрена структура таких систем, базовые понятия и направления их развития. На основании полученных результатов, дана оценка возможности применения различных зарубежных технологических решений для внедрения в кадастр Российской Федерации.
Водозаборная скважина как объект недвижимости
Authors: Истислямов Шамиль Анварович
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается вопрос определения такого специфического объекта недвижимости как водозаборная скважина. Цель: определить статус объекта и отношение водозаборной скважины к движимой и недвижимой вещи. Также рассмотрены особенности водозаборной скважины как объекта недвижимости.
Analisis Drop Tegangan pada Instalasi Gedung Sipil Menggunakan Data DBMS (Database Management System)
Authors: Sukamdi  , Wiwaha Sigit Setya , Aditama Agista Ilham , Mochtar Sendy , Nainggolan Yessy Ema
Published: November 2021

Hasil perhitungan jatuh tegangan dari panel MDP menuju SDP pada kondisi beban maksimum (pembebanan 100%) menunjukkan bahwa jatuh tegangan terbesar terjadi pada Power Panel Lift Hyundai sebesar 0,51%, karena jarak penghantar menuju PP Lift Hyundai terjauh dan luas penampang serta besarnya arus beban lebih besar daripada panel lainnya. Dari analisis perbandingan hasil jatuh tegangan perhitungan manual terhadap simulasi Ecodial terdapat error sebesar 9,8%, sedangkan terhadap simulasi Etap terdapat error sebesar 5,88%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dan analisis jatuh tegangan dengan perhitungan manual maupun simulasi Ecodial dan Etap di gedung sipil, hasil persentase jatuh tegangan sudah sesuai dengan standar PUIL 2011 Bab 2.2.3 dan IEC 60364-5-52 Tabel G.52.1 sehingga tidak diperlukan untuk melakukan perbaikan jatuh tegangan dikarenakan kondisi kelistrikan pada Gedung sipil setiap lantainya masih dalam kondisi normal.
Desain Miniatur Pasteurisasi Susu Berbasis PLC sebagai Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran di Laboratorium Sistem Kontrol
Authors: Amalia Rahma , Noer Ika , Zulfa Ira
Published: November 2021

Modul pasteurisasi yang telah dirancang dan dibuat menggunakan PLC tipe TWDLMDA20DTK sebagai kontrolernya dengan bantuan ekspansi berupa TM2AMM6HT. Komponen yang terdapat pada modul antara lain, valve solenoid, heater, RTD, SRPH1, serta sistem pendingin. Tegangan dari sumber kemudian di sambungkan ke kontrol box kemudian dikontrol oleh PLC TWDLMDA20DTK dan ekspansinya yaitu TM2AMM6HT. Semua komponen akan bekerja sesuai cara kerja sistem yang diinginkan yakni suhu dapat stabil sebesar 63˚ C selama 30 menit dengan kontrol PID auto tunning. Proses tersebut dilakukan dengan cara memprogram ledder diagram pada aplikasi TwidoSuite. Penyetabilan cara kerja dari modul tersebut diatur dengan metode auto tunning, dimana proses tersebut secara otomatis akan menghasilkan nilai Kp, Ti, serta Td yang terdapat pada Ledder diagram. Proses tersebut dilakukan agar didapatkan cara kerja sistem yang stabil dengan parameter yang diharapakan. Parameter yang diharapkan tersebut antara lain, nilai error steady state yang rendah senilai 5 – 10 %.
Evaluasi Pentanahan Terhadap Sambaran Petir Pada SUTT 70 kV Menggunakan Electro Magnetic Transient Program (EMTP)
Authors: Sigit Setya Wiwaha  , Duanaputri Rohmanita , Wibowo Sigi Syah , Dali Sri Wahyuni , Prasetyo Adil
Published: November 2021

Sistem transmisi merupakan sistem yang sering mengalami gangguan sambaran petir dan dapat menyebabkan back flashover (BFO) apabila terdapat sambaran langsung pada kawat tanah maupun pada menara. Sambaran petir juga dapat mengakibatkan bahaya tegangan sentuh dan tegangan langkah pada saat petir menyambar permukaan tanah. Pentanahan merupakan pengaman yang berfungsi untuk melindungi peralatan, sistem, manusia dan makhluk hidup yang lain dari lonjakan listrik terutama sambaran petir. Nilai resistansi pentanahan pada tower harus dibuat sekecil mungkin agar tidak menimbulkan tegangan tower yang tinggi yang pada akhirnya dapat mengganggu sistem transmisi. Batasan nilai resistansi pentanahan menurut PUIL 2000 adalah tidak lebih dari atau sama dengan 5 Ohm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi seberapa layak tower beserta alat pelindung yang ada pada tower tersebut antara lain pentanahan (grounding) dan arrester apabila terjadi sambaran petir. Dengan pengumpulan data, menghitung tegangan menara dan melakukan simulasi tegangan lebih petir dengan aplikasi ATPdraw. Dari pengujian tegangan menara dengan mengambil sample pada tower dengan resistansi pentanahan tertinggi yaitu 5,8 Ohm pada tower T63, di dapat nilai tegangan menara sebesar 169,94 saat di beri arus 20 kA, 345,6 kV saat diberi arus 40 kA, dan 682,03 kV saat diberi arus 80 kA. Secara perhitungan dan simulasi bahwa nilai tegangan menara tersebut tidak menyebabkan Back flashover (BFO) sehingga dapat di kategorikan aman dan layak dari gangguan sambaran petir.
Analisis Pengaruh Pengaturan Sudut Penyalaan Thyristor Pada Tegangan Eksitasi Terhadap Keluaran Daya Reaktif Generator di PT.PJB PLTU Gresik Unit 3
Authors: Sutjipto Rachmat , Syamsiana Ika Noer , Pratiwi Widya
Published: November 2021

The process of changing mechanical energy into electrical energy is carried out by a synchronous generator using an excitation system that functions to supply a DC source to the generator field winding. In this study, the excitation system used is a static excitation system that uses a transformer and several thyristors connected in a bridge configuration. The excitation system is then implemented on a generator with a capacity of 200 MVA / 15 kV using the MATLAB Simulink R2017b simulation. By using the above circuit, the thyristor ignition angle setting can be adjusted so that it can adjust the excitation voltage and obtain the appropriate excitation current to maintain the stability of the generator output voltage. The simulation was carried out with variations in generator load and using 2 different types of excitation settings. The first setting is to set the thyristor ignition angle to 30° with t=10 ms, at this setting the generator can maintain a stable V out value with a voltage regulation limit of ±5% and the reactive power that can be generated by the generator is +50 MVAr and - 40 MVAr. When given a constant excitation at an angle of 35° with t=1 ms, the value of Vout exceeds the expected regulatory limit and the resulting reactive power limit is between +60 MVAr and -100 MVAR where the reactive power does not match the load requirements. This can have an impact on the interconnection system, namely when the reactive power of the generator is greater than the load requirement, the generator with a smaller reactive power will absorb reactive power in the interconnection system and can disrupt the stability of the interconnection network.
Analisis Perencanaan Capacitor Bank Untuk Perbaikan Faktor Daya Pada Pusat Perbelanjaan Blitar Square
Authors: Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Hakim Muhammad Fahmi , Sungkowo Heri , Husna Ikfi Asmaul
Published: November 2021

Power factor is the ratio between active power (W) and apparent power (VA). In an electrical installation, the quality of electric power can be said to be good if the value of the power factor is above a predetermined standard of 0.85 according to the Minister (ESDM) Number 30 of 2012 [1]. From the research that has been done at the Blitar Square Shopping Center, it was found that the power factor value is still below the standard with an average value of 0.711. With the low power factor value, this shopping center gets a penalty from PT. PLN (Persero) due to the use of reactive power. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to improve the power factor by installing a capacitor bank. The installation of this capacitor bank is expected to be able to increase the power factor value with a power factor target of 0.98 and reduce the charge for reactive power usage penalties. The calculation results show that global compensation requires 12 capacitor banks with a rating of 10.4 kVAR, while sectoral compensation on the chiller load panel requires 7 capacitor banks with a rating of 10.4 kVAR and the foodmart load panel requires a capacitor bank with a rating of 10. 4 kVAR is 6 pieces. In simulating the installation of a capacitor bank using the ETAP application, it is known that the installation of a capacitor bank can increase the power factor value. In addition, the installation of a capacitor bank also results in an increase in the voltage value in the system, this voltage increase is still below the permissible standard of ± 5%. The simulation of installing a capacitor bank on global compensation can improve the power factor value from 72.99% to 96.97%, with a voltage increase of 0.479% from the initial value of 397 V to 398.9 V, and a decrease in the current value of 24.645% from the initial value. 330.7 A to 249.2 A. While the simulation of installing a capacitor bank in sectoral compensation can improve the power factor value from 72.99% to 93.57%, with a voltage increase of 0.401% from the initial value of 397 V to 398.6 V , and a decrease in the value of current by 21.593% from the initial value of 330.7 A to 258.1 A. The cost of installing a capacitor bank in global compensation was Rp. 189,897,500 while the sectoral compensation is Rp. 211.305.600. It can be concluded that the installation of a capacitor bank using the global compensation method is more effective.
Aplikasi Particle Swarm Optimization Pada Pemasangan Kapasitor Bank Pada Jaringan Distribusi
Authors: Mudjiono Mudjiono , Ridzki Imron , Surya Priya
Published: November 2021

Panjangnya lintasan penghantar pada jaringan distribusi kerap menimbulkan permasalahan jatuh tegangan dan losess jaringan yang cukup signifikan. Penempatan kapasitor bank pada jaringan distribusi menjadi solusi utama untuk mengatasi permasalahn itu, tetapi untuk mengoptimalkan pemasangan agar didapatkan pengaruh yang signifikan pada level tegangan di jaringan membutuhkan perhitungan yang cukup rumit terutama Ketika saluran sangat panjang seperti pada jaringan tegangan menengah 20 kV. Pada makalah ini akan digunakan system distribusi primer 20 kV dengan 10 bus dan 9 saluran. Berdasarkan kondisi operasi terdapat beberapa permasalahan dan akan dicarikan solusinya melalui metode heuristic.
Identification of Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Associated With Immune Status and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zou Weijie , Chen Li , Mao Wenwen , Hu Su , Liu Yuanqing , Hu Chunhong
Published: November 2021

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is an exceedingly diverse disease, making prognostication difficult. Inflammatory responses in the tumor or the tumor microenvironment can alter prognosis in the process of the ongoing cross-talk between the host and the tumor. Nonetheless, Inflammatory response-related genes’ prognostic significance in LUAD, on the other hand, has yet to be determined.

Materials and Methods: The clinical data as well as the mRNA expression patterns of LUAD patients were obtained from a public dataset for this investigation. In the TCGA group, a multigene prognostic signature was built utilizing LASSO Cox analysis. Validation was executed on LUAD patients from the GEO cohort. The overall survival (OS) of low- and high-risk cohorts was compared utilizing the Kaplan-Meier analysis. The assessment of independent predictors of OS was carried out utilizing multivariate and univariate Cox analyses. The immune-associated pathway activity and immune cell infiltration score were computed utilizing single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. GO keywords and KEGG pathways were explored utilizing gene set enrichment analysis.

Results: LASSO Cox regression analysis was employed to create an inflammatory response-related gene signature model. The high-risk cohort patients exhibited a considerably shorter OS as opposed to those in the low-risk cohort. The prognostic gene signature’s predictive ability was demonstrated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The risk score was found to be an independent predictor of OS using multivariate Cox analysis. The functional analysis illustrated that the immune status and cancer-related pathways for the two-risk cohorts were clearly different. The tumor stage and kind of immune infiltrate were found to be substantially linked with the risk score. Furthermore, the cancer cells’ susceptibility to anti-tumor medication was substantially associated with the prognostic genes expression levels.

Conclusion: In LUAD, a new signature made up of 8 inflammatory response-related genes may be utilized to forecast prognosis and influence immunological state. Inhibition of these genes could also be used as a treatment option.
Novel Implications of MicroRNAs, Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Drug Resistance of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Wei Ling , Sun Jujie , Zhang Nasha , Shen Yue , Wang Teng , Li Zengjun , Yang Ming
Published: November 2021

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy based on platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine, as well as targeted treatment and immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the prognosis in a portion of patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Unfortunately, a number of esophageal cancer patients develop drug resistance, resulting in poor outcomes. Multiple mechanisms contributing to drug resistance of esophageal cancer have been reported. Notably, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been identified to play crucial roles in modulating esophageal cancer drug resistance. In the present review, we highlight the underlying mechanisms how miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs impact the drug resistance of esophageal cancer. Several miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs may have potential clinical implications as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer.
Vertically Ordered Mesoporous Silica-Nanochannel Film-Equipped Three-Dimensional Macroporous Graphene as Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Platform
Authors: Gong Jiawei , Tang Hongliang , Luo Xuan , Zhou Huaxu , Lin Xueting , Wang Kailong , Yan Fei , Xi Fengna , Liu Jiyang
Published: November 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform with high sensitivity and good anti-fouling is highly desirable for direct and sensitive analysis of complex samples. Herein, a novel ECL-sensing platform is demonstrated based on the equipment of vertically ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel films (VMSF) on monolithic and macroporous 3D graphene (3DG). Through electrografting of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) onto 3DG as molecular glue, VMSF grown by electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method fully covers 3DG surface and displays high stability. The developed VMSF/APTES/3DG sensor exhibits highly sensitized ECL response of tris(2,2′-bipyridyl) ruthenium (Ru (bpy)32+) taking advantages of the unique characteristics of 3DG (high active area and conductivity) and VMSF nanochannels (strong electrostatic enrichment). The VMSF/APTES/3DG sensor is applied to sensitively detect an important environmental pollutant (4-chlorophenol, with limit of detection or LOD of 30.3 nM) in term of its quenching effect (ECL signal-off mode) toward ECL of Ru (bpy)32+/tri-n-propylamine (TPrA). The VMSF/APTES/3DG sensor can also sensitively detect the most effective antihistamines chlorpheniramine (with LOD of 430 nM) using ECL signal-on mode because it acts as co-reactant to promote the ECL of Ru (bpy)32+. Combined with the excellent antifouling ability of VMSF, the sensor can also realize the analysis of actual environmental (lake water) and pharmaceutical (pharmacy tablet) samples. The proposed 3D ECL sensor may open new avenues to develop highly sensitive ECL-sensing platform.
The Synergetic Effect Induced High Electrochemical Performance of CuO/Cu2O/Cu Nanocomposites as Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Wang Lin-Hui , Gao Shang , Ren Long-Long , Zhou En-Long , Qin Yu-Feng
Published: November 2021

Due to the high theoretical capability, copper-based oxides were widely investigated. A facile water bath method was used to synthesis CuO nanowires and CuO/Cu2O/Cu nanocomposites. Owing to the synergetic effect, the CuO/Cu2O/Cu nanocomposites exhibit superior electrochemical performance compared to the CuO nanowires. The initial discharge and charge capacities are 2,660.4 mAh/g and 2,107.8 mAh/g, and the reversible capacity is 1,265.7 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 200 mA/g. Moreover, the reversible capacity is 1,180 mAh/g at 800 mA/g and 1,750 mAh/g when back to 100 mA/g, indicating the excellent rate capability. The CuO/Cu2O/Cu nanocomposites also exhibit relatively high electric conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, especially after cycling. For the energy storage mechanism, the capacitive controlled mechanism is predominance at the high scan rates, which is consistent with the excellent rate capability. The outstanding electrochemical performance of the CuO/Cu2O/Cu nanocomposites indicates the potential application of copper-based oxides nanomaterials in future lithium-ion batteries.
Genome-Wide Identification of CircRNAs of Infective Larvae and Adult Worms of Parasitic Nematode, Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Zhou Caixian , Zhang Yao , Wu Simin , Wang Zhiheng , Tuersong Waresi , Wang Chunqun , Liu Feng , Hu Min
Published: November 2021

CircRNAs, a novel class of ncRNA family, are endogenous transcriptional products involved in various biological and physiological processes in plants and animals. However, almost no information is available for circRNAs of parasitic helminths. In the present study, the circRNAs repertoire was comprehensively explored in Haemonchus contortus, a blood-sucking parasitic nematode of ruminants. In total, 20073 circRNAs were identified and annotated from three key developmental stages/genders of H. contortus including the free-living infective third-stage larvae (L3, 18883), parasitic adult female (Af, 3491), and male worms (Am, 2550) via deep-sequencing technology and bioinformatic analysis. Among these identified circRNAs, 71% were derived from exonic regions of protein-coding genes. The number of circRNAs transcribed from the X chromosome (4704) was higher than that from Chromosome I-V (3143, 3273, 3041, 3030, 2882). The amount of highly expressed circRNAs in third-stage larvae was significantly more abundant than that in adult stage. 15948 and 16847 circRNAs were differentially expressed between Af and L3s and between Am and L3, respectively. Among them, 13409 circRNAs existed in both comparisons. Furthermore, 1119 circRNAs were differentially expressed between Af_and_Am. GO enrichment analysis indicated that source genes of circRNAs differentially expressed between Am and L3 as well as between Af and L3 were significantly enriched in many biological processes, primarily including signaling, signal transduction and cell communication terms. KEGG analysis revealed that parental genes of differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly related to metabolism (pyruvate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and carbon metabolism), MAPK signaling pathway, and phosphatidylinositol signaling system. Moreover, many circRNAs contained one or more miRNA potential binding sites, suggesting that they could regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Furthermore, the correctness of head-to-tail back splicing site and alternative circularization events were verified by Sanger sequencing using both divergent and convergent primers. Finally, the reliability of RNA-Seq data and the resistance of circRNAs to RNase R digestion were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Taken together, our findings provide a foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in H. contortus, which will advance the understanding of circRNAs in parasitic nematodes.
Genetically Determined Inflammatory Biomarkers and the Risk of Heart Failure: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Xintao , Peng Shi , Guan Bo , Chen Songwen , Zhou Genqing , Wei Yong , Gong Chao , Xu Juan , Lu Xiaofeng , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Shaowen
Published: November 2021

Background: Positive associations between inflammatory biomarkers and the risk of heart failure (HF) have been reported in conventional observational studies. However, the causal effects of inflammatory biomarkers on HF have not been fully elucidated. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to examine the possible etiological roles of inflammatory biomarkers in HF.

Methods: Summary statistical data for the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and components of the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory signaling pathway, namely, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6r), were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for individuals of European descent. The GWAS dataset of 977,323 participants of European ancestry, which included 47,309 HF cases and 930,014 controls, was collected to identify genetic variants underlying HF. A two-sample Mendelian randomization framework was implemented to examine the causality of the association between these inflammatory biomarkers and HF.

Results: Our MR analyses found that genetically determined CRP and fibrinogen were not causally associated with HF risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.84–1.02, p = 0.15; OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.55–1.58, p = 0.80, respectively). These findings remained consistent using different Mendelian randomization methods and in sensitivity analyses. For the IL-1-IL-6 pathway, causal estimates for IL-6 (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.81–0.91, p < 0.001), but not for IL-1β, IL-1ra, or sIL-6r, were significant. However, the association between genetically determined IL-6 and HF risk became non-significant after excluding SNPs with potential pleiotropy (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.77–1.03, p = 0.12).

Conclusion: Our study did not identify convincing evidence to support that CRP and fibrinogen, together with their upstream IL-1-IL-6 signaling pathway, were causally associated with HF risk.