bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and Obstacle Factors of Renewable Energy Substitution Potential in Underdeveloped Rural Areas of China
Authors: Zhong Sheng , Shi Mingting
Published: February 2025

The energy consumption structure in underdeveloped rural areas of China has long been dominated by fossil fuels. Such a structure not only makes it difficult to improve the rural living environment but also hinders the stable development of the rural economy. For these regions, improving the living environment is one of the key tasks of China’s rural revitalization strategy. As a clean energy with huge potential, renewable energy can provide a convenient and low-cost solution for the transformation of the energy structure and the improvement of the living environment in these areas. This study takes Gansu Province, a typical underdeveloped region in China, as the research area and uses a multi-objective evaluation analysis model to evaluate the potential for renewable energy substitution at the county scale in rural areas of Gansu Province. Then, through the obstacle factor analysis model, the obstacle factors of the potential for renewable energy substitution are revealed, providing a basis for the scientific formulation of energy policies and the stable development of the rural economy in underdeveloped areas. This study found that the potential for renewable energy substitution in counties of Gansu Province is generally low and shows significant temporal and spatial differences. At the criterion level, the endowment of renewable energy resources constitutes the greatest obstacle, with an average obstacle degree of 8.91%, and shows an upward trend. At the factor level, the obstacle degree of the effective irrigated area is the highest, with an average obstacle degree of 9.29%, and the interannual variation is relatively stable. In addition, the average obstacle degrees of total agricultural machinery power and the number of rural populations are also relatively high. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions, such as rationally planning the development model of renewable energy, coordinating regions to give full play to economic value, and innovatively developing to enhance development capacity, in order to provide reference for relevant decision-making.
Cultural Identity and Value Perception as Drivers of Purchase Intention: A Structural Equation Model Analysis of Cultural Products in Luoyang City
Authors: Dong Ping , Li Xuefeng
Published: February 2025

This study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess how cultural identity and values influence purchase intentions for cultural creative products in Luoyang. Analyzing data collected via questionnaires from 374 tourists between June and August 2024, we hypothesize that cultural identity directly impacts purchase intentions, while cultural values mediate the relationships among perceived product quality, social value, and travel experience. The findings confirm the direct impact of cultural identity on consumer decisions and the mediating role of cultural values, offering strategic insights for enhancing consumer interest and purchasing behavior towards cultural products. This research enriches the theoretical discourse on consumer behavior within cultural contexts and informs sustainable tourism and product strategies in historical cities.
PCF-RWKV: Large Language Model for Product Carbon Footprint Estimation
Authors: Li Zhen , Tang Peihao , Wang Xuanlin , Liu Xueping , Mou Peng
Published: February 2025

As global climate change intensifies, assessing product carbon footprints serves as a foundational step for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions throughout a product’s lifecycle, forming the basis for achieving sustainability and emission reduction goals. Traditional lifecycle assessment methods face challenges such as subjective boundary definitions and time-consuming inventory construction. This study introduces PCF-RWKV, a novel model based on the RWKV architecture with task-specialized low-rank adaptations (LoRAs). Trained on carbon footprint datasets, the model minimizes memory use and data interference, enabling efficient deployment on consumer-grade GPUs without relying on cloud computing. By integrating multi-agent technology, PCF-RWKV automates the creation of lifecycle inventories and aligns production processes with emission factors to calculate carbon footprints. This approach significantly improves the efficiency and security of corporate carbon footprint assessments, providing a potential alternative to traditional methods.
Modeling and Nonlinear Analysis of Plant–Soil Moisture Interactions for Sustainable Land Management: Insights for Desertification Mitigation
Authors: Kai Ge , Han Yongquan , Özbek Necdet Sinan , Ma Wensai , Liu Yaze , He Gengyun , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Yangquan
Published: February 2025

This research explores the dynamics of vegetation patterns under changing environmental conditions, considering the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15: “Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems; combat desertification; halt and reverse land degradation; and prevent biodiversity loss”. In this context, this study presents a modeling and nonlinear analysis framework for plant–soil-moisture interactions, including Holling-II functional response and hyperbolic mortality models. The primary goal is to explore how nonlinear soil–water interactions influence vegetation patterns in semi-arid ecosystems. Moreover, the influence of nonlinear soil–water interaction on the establishment of population patterns is investigated. The formation and evolution of these patterns are explored using theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, as well as important factors and critical thresholds. These insights are crucial for addressing desertification, a key challenge in semi-arid regions that threatens biodiversity, ecosystem services, and sustainable land management. The model, which includes environmental parameters such as rainfall, plant growth rates, and soil moisture, was tested using both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. These characteristics are carefully adjusted to find important thresholds influencing the danger of desertification. Simulation scenarios, run under set initial conditions and varying parameters, yield useful insights into the pattern of patch development under dynamically changing environmental conditions. The findings revealed that changes in environmental conditions, such as rainfall and plant growth rates, prompted Hopf bifurcation, resulting in the production of three distinct patterns: a dotted pattern, a striped pattern, and a combination of both. The creation of these patterns provides essential information about the sustainability of environmental equilibrium. The variation curve of the average plant biomass reveals that the biomass fluctuates around a constant period, with the amplitude initially increasing, then decreasing, and gradually stabilizing. This research provides a solid foundation for addressing desertification risks, using water resources responsibly, and contributing to a better understanding of ecosystem stability.
Digital Humanities for Increasing Disaster Resilience in Art Nouveau and Modernist Buildings
Authors: Bostenaru Dan Maria , Ibric Adrian
Published: February 2025

The paper will focus on the topic of adapting digital humanities methods from architectural history to technical history, considering mapping and image analysis for increasing disaster resilience in Art Nouveau and Modernist buildings in different geographical areas—including lessons from Europe to the USA. The project proposes the transformation of the collection of photographs of early 20th-century architecture gathered by the applicant over about 30 years of travel into a database by answering the research question on how threats from the hazards of earthquakes, floods, and fires can be answered by taking into account the local culture in the European countries covered, for buildings from a period when the architecture styles were already global at that time. For this purpose, digital humanities methods of image annotation (including architectural volumetric analysis) and mapping are employed. From the knowledge gathered and the resulting database, a prototyping ontology and taxonomy is derived. This outcome can be further developed into a set of evaluation criteria, considering the decisions that can be taken to prioritize the retrofit interventions depending on the geographic positions of the buildings.
Causality Between Carbon Emissions, Temperature Changes, and Health Expenditures: A Comparative Panel Approach with Environmental and Economic Indicators
Authors: Yılmaz Salim , Ozaner Demet
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the causal relationships between carbon emissions, temperature increases, and health expenditures within the framework of environmental and economic indicators. With the accelerating global impacts of climate change and rising carbon emissions, understanding their effects on public health systems has become critical. This research evaluates these interdependencies using panel causality models, dividing 115 countries into two groups—developing and developed—based on Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (PPP) and health expenditures as a percentage of GDP. Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality analysis was applied to examine bidirectional relationships among key indicators, including population density, temperature changes, carbon emissions, GNI, and health expenditures. The findings reveal that population density has significant causal effects on both temperature changes and carbon emissions, while carbon emissions also influence health expenditures. Moreover, the causality from population density to temperature changes is stronger in developed countries, whereas the impact of temperature changes on health expenditures is more pronounced in developing countries. These results highlight the need to strengthen climate adaptation capacities in the health systems of developing countries and implement stricter carbon emission reduction policies in developed nations as essential strategies to address these interconnected challenges.
Identification and Prioritization of Critical Success Factors of a Lean Six Sigma–Industry 4.0 Integrated Framework for Sustainable Manufacturing Using TOPSIS
Authors: Ibrahim Arish , Kumar Gulshan
Published: February 2025

The relationship between Lean Six Sigma, Industry 4.0 and sustainable manufacturing has been evaluated only to a limited extent within this domain of the published literature. A DMAIC-DMADV-based framework along with a phase-by-phase implementation path is proposed in this study to integrate Lean Six Sigma and Industry 4.0 technologies for achieving sustainable manufacturing. The paper also focused on identifying and prioritizing the critical success factors for the implementation of the proposed framework. The critical success factors identified through a literature review are ranked using the multi-decision criteria technique TOPSIS, with input from selected experts across various manufacturing companies. The results highlight that the most important enablers set clear sustainability goals, regularly monitor progress and have a skilled workforce. The findings provide actionable guidance for practitioners, and the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a comprehensive methodology to integrate Lean Six Sigma and Industry 4.0 for sustainable manufacturing. Further research must focus on the validation of the framework in diverse industrial settings and refining the sustainability assessment model to enhance its adaptability.
The Influence of Factors in Consumer Sustainable Auto-Enrolment Pensions
Authors: Świecka Beata , Kowalczyk-Rólczyńska Patrycja , Pieńkowska-Kamieniecka Sylwia , Śledziowski Jakub , Terefenko Paweł
Published: February 2025

As pension benefits from statutory public schemes become less generous, and many countries face pension-savings crises, the willingness to participate in supplementary retirement saving instruments becomes crucial for sustainable financial well-being. The main objective of this article is to present how trust and financial literacy influence the choice of sustainable auto-enrolment pension scheme as a private and supplementary pension savings. The study highlighted factors influencing participation in auto-enrollment and private supplementary pension savings. The study focuses mainly on financial literacy and trust. We used the CAWI method with 857 interviews in Poland—the first country in Central and Eastern Europe to introduce an auto-enrolment pension system. Our study uses multivariable data-mining tools, and several regression models were applied. We used Logistic Regression (LR), Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), and Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) to support the LR analysis. We propose four regression models. Our findings present that: 1. The lower the consumer’s knowledge level, the more their decisions are based on trust. 2. Trust in the state, rather than trust in financial institutions, plays a crucial role for people with low financial literacy, which is a critical factor in choosing the auto-enrolment option for pension savings. 3. Men had higher odds of auto-enrolment pension saving than women. 4. Employees of economic universities and academics had higher odds of participating in capital pension plans than those of general universities and non-academics. Our findings can signal to governments and policymakers about factors influencing the choice of auto-enrolment supplementary retirement savings. These findings strengthen the role of sustainable economic education.
Spatial Cognitive Electroencephalogram Network Topological Features Extraction Based on Cross Fuzzy Entropy Network Graph
Authors: Zhou Yanhong , Liu Xulong , Wen Dong , Xu Shuang , Wan Xianglong , Lu Huibin
Published: February 2025

Spatial cognition, a critical component of human cognitive function, can be enhanced through targeted training, such as virtual reality (VR)-based interventions. Recent advances in electroencephalography (EEG)-based functional connectivity analysis have highlighted the importance of network topology features for understanding cognitive processes. In this paper, a framework based on a cross fuzzy entropy network graph (CFENG) is proposed to extract spatial cognitive EEG network topological features. This framework involves calculating the similarity and symmetry between EEG channels using cross fuzzy entropy, constructing weighted directed network graphs, transforming one-dimensional EEG signals into two-dimensional brain functional connectivity networks, and extracting both local and global topological features. The model’s performance is evaluated and interpreted using an XGBoost classifier. Experiments on an EEG dataset from group spatial cognitive training validated the CFENG model. In the Gamma band, the CFENG achieved 97.82% classification accuracy, outperforming existing methods. Notably, the asymmetrically distributed EEG channels Fp1, P8, and Cz contributed most to spatial cognitive signal classification. An analysis after 28 days of training revealed that specific VR games enhanced functional centrality in spatial cognition-related brain regions, reduced information flow path length, and altered information flow symmetry. These findings support the feasibility of VR-based spatial cognitive training from a brain functional connectivity perspective.
Evolution Mechanisms and Mitigation of Soil Erosion
Authors: Xia Chengcheng , Luo Jian
Published: February 2025

This Editorial paper summarizes the Special Issue entitled “Evolution of Soil and Water Erosion” in Water. This Special Issue aims to collect new knowledge on and advances in the evolution of soil and water erosion and its complex interplay with natural and human-induced factors. Five high-quality papers have been published in the Special Issue, which mainly covers new insights into the themes of erosion mechanisms and environmental drivers, erosion control and mitigation strategies and the relationship between hydraulic parameters and erosion. Overall, these studies have broadened the understanding of soil erosion and soil and water conservation, emphasizing the importance of research in this field for environmental sustainability. In future research, interdisciplinary integration into theory and methodology will play a crucial role in breakthroughs in the understanding of soil erosion and innovations in prevention and control technologies.
Parametric vs. Non-Parametric Approach for the Estimation of the SPI Drought Index
Authors: Vangelis Harris , Kourtis Ioannis M.
Published: February 2025

Accurate drought identification is important for both scientists and decision-makers to be able to make informative decisions. In this study, parametric and non-parametric approaches for analyzing meteorological drought are compared, aiming at simplifying the calculation of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The comparison is performed across various meteorological stations covering the entire territory of Greece, using monthly rainfall data spanning from 1961 to 2021. Meteorological drought is assessed through the SPI for the 12-month reference period. A two-parameter gamma distribution, with parameters estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation method, is employed for the estimation of the SPI drought index as the parametric classic approach. For the non-parametric approach, the SPI drought index is estimated using six empirical probability plotting positions: Beard, Blom, Cunnane, Gringorten, Hazen, and Weibull. Results indicate that the empirical approach can effectively identify drought events in comparison to the classic approach. However, caution is advised, particularly when different drought classes are identified, as the non-parametric approaches may underestimate drought severity. In addition, for the Greek meteorological conditions, the results revealed that in the case of extreme drought events, the estimation of SPI employing the classic approach is to be preferred.
An Analysis of the Current Situation of Ecological Flow Release from Large- and Medium-Sized Reservoirs in the Southeastern River Basins of China
Authors: Chen Yijing , Nie Hui , Liu Gaozhan , Xiao Jiongling , Qiu He , Xu Bingjiao , Chen Hao , Huang Saihua , Xie Huawei
Published: February 2025

Ecological flow is a crucial determinant of river ecosystem well-being and aquatic ecosystem stability. Large- and medium-sized reservoirs, with flood prevention, irrigation, and power generation functions, necessitate a scientifically devised ecological flow release plan for river ecosystem conservation and water quality amelioration. This study centered on three reservoirs in the Jiaojiang River Basin of Zhejiang Province, China. Using measured outflow data, the hydrological approach was initially adopted to calculate individual reservoir ecological flows. Subsequently, the entropy weight method was employed to ascertain the most suitable ecological flow. Ecological flow grade thresholds were then established to formulate the optimal release scheme. The outcomes demonstrated that the average ecological flows of Xia’an, Lishimen, and Longxi reservoirs were 1.90 m3/s, 1.95 m3/s, and 0.42 m3/s, respectively. The multi-year average ecological flow assurance rates were 62.53%, 77.72%, and 56.94%, successively. The entropy weighted downstream optimal ecological flows were 2.10 m3/s, 2.28 m3/s, and 0.44 m3/s. During periods when the monthly ecological flow assurance rate was below 60%, the three reservoirs implemented schemes of installing ecological siphons, renovating water diversion systems, and using post-dam ecological units, respectively.
Effectiveness of Voluntary Nutrient Management Measures to Reduce Nitrate Leaching on Dairy Farms Using Soil N Surplus as an Indicator
Authors: Verloop J. , van den Brink C. , Gielen J.
Published: February 2025

A pilot study with 18 dairy farms in recharge areas of five vulnerable drinking water abstractions in the Dutch province of Overijssel aimed to reduce nitrate leaching risks to the upper meter of groundwater through improved farm management. The pilot employed a voluntary, mutual gain approach, promoting measures that enhanced both nutrient efficiency and groundwater quality. Over the research period (2011–2017), nitrogen surpluses on the soil balance declined significantly from 153 to 96 kg N per ha per year, achieving the target of 100 kg N per ha per year. Despite this decline, average nitrate concentrations in the upper meter of groundwater fluctuated annually, showing no significant reduction in grassland but a noticeable decrease in maize. Economic evaluation showed that relative fodder profitability (RFP) increased over time, suggesting positive financial effects of implemented measures, as acknowledged by participating farmers. However, the adoption of measures perceived as complex or less financially rewarding remained limited, highlighting the challenges of relying solely on voluntary implementation. The absence of farm-specific feedback on nitrate leaching emerged as a critical limitation, emphasizing the need for additional monitoring tools, such as residual soil nitrogen assessments, to provide actionable insights at the farm or field level. These findings underscore the potential for further reducing nitrate leaching through enhanced feedback systems, precise execution of measures, and collaborative efforts integrating farmer expertise and scientific knowledge.
Digital Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Dowling Russell , Howell Embry M. , Dasco Mark Anthony , Schwartzman Jason
Published: February 2025

Every adolescent should have the right to make their own choices about their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Achieving this goal can be challenging, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where social norms and insufficient resources may limit access to information. Technology is increasingly being leveraged in LMICs to reach adolescents. We searched the literature to understand the landscape of digital SRH interventions in LMICs. The review addressed three questions: (1) What are the interventions and how effective are they? (2) What are adolescent preferences for information? And (3) What do the interventions cost? There is a wide variety in the populations addressed (e.g., adolescents with HIV, pregnant/post-partum adolescents) and the locations of the interventions, with the majority in sub-Saharan Africa. The types of interventions were evenly distributed between “push” approaches, where adolescents are sent information; “pull” approaches, where adolescents reach information from a website or app; and “two-way” approaches, which combine push and pull aspects. The most positive features identified were convenience and privacy. The major challenge is inadequate smartphone penetration in very low-income adolescents, especially girls. The evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions is mixed. Most studies show that SRH knowledge increases, but this does not necessarily lead to behavior change.
Impact of COVID infection on the course of multiple sclerosis
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University», Volkova V. V , Bokser M. N. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sarkisyan Y. S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rabadanova L. A. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation., Skotnevskaya A. A. ,   State Budgetary Institution «Children City Polyclinic No. 105 of the Moscow City Health Department», Antsyferova V. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Perm State Medical Univercity Named After Academician E. A. Wagner» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Temirov A. T. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Dagestan State Technical University» Makhachkala
Published: February 2025

One of the most pressing questions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak is to determine its
impact on major neurological diseases. The infection poses a particular threat to people with comorbidities and citizens over 60 years of age. Reports of the disease have raised concern among neurologists treating autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis. Previous studies have shown an association between viral infections, multiple sclerosis relapses, and MRI lesions. Although the exact mechanism is unclear, infections are thought to trigger a systemic inflammatory response leading to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Changes in inflammatory mediators are critical in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 symptoms and may possibly increase susceptibility to relapses in multiple sclerosis. Given previous reports
of viral infections as a trigger of demyelination, it is important to investigate whether COVID-19 infection may lead to an increased rate of multiple sclerosis relapses or progression of disability. In this regard, this article reviews the current relevant research and observational findings that relate to the impact of covid infection on the course of multiple sclerosis.
A padronização da doutrina de patrulhamento tático motorizado: um estudo do curso de conduta de patrulha de alto risco - CCPAR/BPRONE
Authors: Stapassoli Raphael Alves , Amaral Jonas da Silva do
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo analisa a padronização da Doutrina de Patrulhamento Tático Motorizado no âmbito da Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR), com foco no Curso de Conduta de Patrulha de Alto Risco (CCPAR). O objetivo é compreender a eficácia do curso na formação dos operadores de patrulha urbana e sua influência na padronização das técnicas utilizadas em ações de alto risco. A pesquisa apresentou abordagem exploratória e descritiva, combinando análise documental e aplicação de questionários aos egressos do curso. Os resultados indicam que o CCPAR tem papel fundamental na divulgação da doutrina e na melhoria da atuação policial, proporcionando maior segurança e eficiência operacional. Além disso, observou-se alto nível de satisfação entre os participantes, especialmente no que diz respeito à aplicabilidade das técnicas ensinadas. Conclui-se que o CCPAR é um modelo bem sucedido de capacitação, contribuindo significativamente para a profissionalização e padronização das ações policiais no estado.
Tratamento de metástase no contexto de câncer de mama
Authors: Rezende Daniela Teodoro , Filho Idemar Amaral dos Santos , Silva Alessandra Vanessa Leite e , Dutra Patricia Werlang Schorn , Silva Lidiany Oxenford da , Nunes Andrew Sá , Lustosa Amanda , Santos Alice Aparecida Morais , Boas Lenisa Cezar Vilas
Published: February 2025

Entre as indicações citadas na literatura para a avaliação de tratamento local de metástases estão: Metástase única ou oligometástase (até 5 lesões) em um único órgão, com intervalo livre de doença prolongado (> 2 anos) entre o tratamento do tumor primário e o diagnóstico da metástase e possibilidade de ressecção completa da metástase com margens livres.¹ Os principais sítios de metástases em pacientes com câncer de mama são pulmão, fígado, cérebro e ossos.² A abordagem multidisciplinar é essencial para tomada de decisão, com a discussão entre oncologista, cirurgião, radioterapeuta, patologista, radiologista, avaliando riscos e benefícios, além de considerações sobre terapias sistêmicas antes e após a metasectomia.³’⁴Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de tratamento local de metástase, no contexto de câncer de mama, que obteve controle de doença e seguiu sem recorrência por um período prolongado. Materiais e métodos: os dados foram obtidos por meio de revisão de prontuário da paciente, exames complementares da mesma e revisão de literatura.  Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, de 44 anos, portadora de carcinoma ductal invasivo de mama, localizado, diagnosticada em 2016, tratada localmente com setorectomia, radioterapia, seguida de adjvancia com tamoxifeno por 4 anos. Em PET CT de seguimento, apresentou hipercaptação em fígado e linfonodos cervicais, torácicos e axilares. Optado por tratamento sistêmico com Palbociclib e Letrozol, com resposta linfonodal completa e redução parcial de lesão hepática, mantendo lesão residual. Em 2022, optou-se pela ressecção de lesão hepática (metasectomia), mantendo tratamento sistêmico. Paciente segue sem evidência de doença há mais de 2 anos. Conclusão: Este caso ilustra uma conduta de exceção dentro da oncologia mamária, em que se optou por tratamento cirúrgico de lesão visceral, obtendo bom controle de doença.
Otite média aguda: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Peruchi Miguel Licinio Holanda , Pedroni Júlia Brozeghini , Filho Fábio Braga Soares
Published: February 2025

Este estudo busca revisar a literatura sobre Otite Média Aguda (OMA), uma infecção comum que afeta o ouvido médio, especialmente em crianças. A relevância do tema se deve à sua alta incidência global e aos múltiplos fatores de risco envolvidos, como idade jovem, tabagismo passivo e infecções respiratórias. Nessa perspectiva, tendo em vista a elevada prevalência, a revisão visa elucidar a epidemiologia, o quadro clínico, as complicações, o diagnóstico e o tratamento da OMA. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada em dezembro de 2024 por meio da base de dados MedLine. Para busca, foram utilizados os descritores em ciências da saúde (DeCS) como “Acute Otitis Media”, “Epidemiology”, “Signs and Symptoms”, “Diagnosis” e “Treatment” combinados com os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. Após análise minuciosa, foram selecionados 13 artigos científicos. Os resultados mostraram que o quadro clínico típico inclui otalgia, febre e perda auditiva temporária, enquanto complicações mais graves, como mastoidite e meningite, são raras. O diagnóstico baseia-se principalmente na otoscopia, embora exames de imagem possam ser úteis em situações específicas. O tratamento envolve analgésicos e antibióticos, mas abordagens expectantes também são indicadas em alguns casos. Conclui-se que a OMA, apesar de prevalente, exige atenção especializada e manejo cuidadoso, sendo este trabalho uma contribuição para consolidar o conhecimento atual e direcionar futuras práticas clínicas e pesquisas.
Correlação entre Doença de Fahr e funções de núcleos de base: revisão de literatura
Authors: Miks Nicholas Eduardo de Souza , Cruz Ismael Goularte
Published: February 2025

Calcificação idiopática dos núcleos de base ou Doença de Fahr é uma desordem neurodegenerativa autossômica dominante de evolução progressiva, irreversível, com prognóstico fatal. Caracterizada pela mineralização ectópica dos núcleos de base e córtex cerebral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura disponível acerca da patologia em questão, visando à correlação entre as manifestações clínicas e a topografia das áreas anatômicas do sistema nervoso acometidas pela deposição de minerais. Para tal, foram pesquisados artigos utilizando as plataformas Google Acadêmico, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs). Além disso, foi revisado literaturas de neurociência e neuroanatomia funcional para um melhor embasamento teórico. Ulteriormente a análise do material selecionado, foi perceptível a raridade da patologia e a carência em publicações científicas atualizadas desse tema. Localizados na base do telencéfalo, os núcleos de base são um grupo de núcleos subcorticais que estão interconectados. Do ponto de vista funcional, este complexo tem como função a modulação de atos motores e aspectos comportamentais. Os pacientes com calcificação de núcleos de base podem ser assintomáticos ou sintomáticos a depender da duração da doença ou da área cerebral afetada, apresentando sintomas relacionados a achados neurológicos, transtornos de motricidade ou psiquiátricos. O diagnóstico é feito pela anamnese, exame físico e neuroimagem, na ausência de outra causa para a calcificação dos núcleos de base. Não há terapia para a doença de Fahr, faz-se somente um manejo terapêutico que foca em lidar com os sintomas.
O uso do canabidiol como terapia complementar para o Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Nascimento Bruno de Morais , Alves Samila Miranda , Guareschi Reicieri Marcelo , Carvalho Rodrigo Oliveira de , Bertasso Ricardo Benites , Silva Vinícius Carlos Costa , Miranda Camila Vicente de
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão de literatura integrativa sobre os benefícios do uso do Canabidiol (CBD) como terapia complementar no tratamento do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). O objetivo geral é descrever como o CBD pode ser uma alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento de sintomas relacionados ao TEA. Com o aumento significativo de diagnósticos de TEA nas últimas décadas, surge a necessidade de alternativas terapêuticas que proporcionem menos efeitos colaterais em comparação com os medicamentos tradicionalmente utilizados. O CBD se destaca por seus efeitos ansiolíticos, antipsicóticos e anti-inflamatórios, além de apresentar menor risco de efeitos adversos severos. A revisão também ressalta a importância do acompanhamento farmacêutico dos pacientes, garantindo o uso seguro e eficaz do CBD, assim como a necessidade de novos estudos que investiguem melhor a farmacocinética do canabidiol e seus efeitos a longo prazo. O estudo conclui que o canabidiol é uma alternativa promissora como terapia complementar ao TEA, podendo melhorar significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, embora mais estudos sejam necessários para confirmar esses benefícios.
Advanced Nanoprobe Strategies for Imaging Macrophage Polarization in Cancer Immunology
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Tang Kaiyuan , Yang Yongbin , Yang Dongliang , Fan Wenpei
Published: February 2025

Macrophages are ubiquitous within the human body and serve pivotal roles in immune surveillance, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. Phenotypic plasticity is a hallmark of macrophages, allowing their polarization into distinct phenotypes M1 (pro-inflammatory, anti-tumor) and M2 (anti-inflammatory, pro-tumor) in response to local microenvironmental cues. In tumor tissues, the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages profoundly shapes the tumor microenvironment, influencing tumor progression, immune evasion, and metastasis. Therefore, the ability to image and monitor macrophage polarization is essential for comprehending tumor biology and optimizing therapeutic strategies. With the rapid advancement of nanomedicine, a diverse array of nanoprobes has been engineered to specifically target tumor-associated macrophages, offering new avenues for noninvasive in vivo imaging and real-time monitoring of macrophage dynamics within the tumor microenvironment. This perspective highlights recent advancements in macrophage-targeting nanoprobes for imaging macrophage polarization both in vitro and in vivo. It also addresses the current challenges in the field, such as enhancing probe sensitivity, specificity, and biocompatibility, while outlining the future directions for the development of next-generation nanoprobes aimed at precision oncology.
A Study on Design Methods for Elementary Social Studies Curriculum Using Big Ideas: Based on Analysis of Overseas Curriculum
Authors: Na Kyung Hun , Han Choon Hee
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore what curriculum design methods are feasible for Korea's social studies, which has strong departmentalism, based on the characteristics of overseas elementary social studies curriculum using big ideas. To this end, the characteristics of curriculum in BC, Ontario, and Singapore using Big Ideas were analyzed and compared with Korea's social studies curriculum design method. As a result of the analysis, the overseas curriculum designed using big ideas developed its own integrated elementary social studies curriculum, unlike secondary curriculum where areas are divided. In addition, topics for each grade were presented without dividing social studies areas, and key concepts and big ideas for each grade were stated. On the other hand, Korea's curriculum was developed as a common curriculum system that integrated elementary and middle schools, making it difficult to reflect the characteristics of each school level. Therefore, in social studies, it was not possible to derive common topics by grade level by constructing a content system centered on various areas suitable for middle school where areas are divided, and key(big) ideas by area, not by grade, were stated. Considering this context, in order to effectively utilize big ideas in our country's social studies curriculum, separate approaches are needed for the elementary social studies curriculum aimed at 'integration' and the secondary social studies curriculum aimed at 'division'.
A Study on the Behaviors of Households and Firms in the Elementary Social Studies Curriculum
Authors: Kim Tae Hwan , Kim Ji Hun
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the key changes in the 2022 revised elementary social studies curriculum focusing on the behaviors of households and firms as economic agents and explores corresponding teaching strategies. A content analysis of the statements of achievement standards in the 2015 and 2022 revised elementary social studies curricula revealed that the 3rd and 4th grade group emphasizes the concept of rational choice, rooted in scarcity and decision-making, and the 5th and 6th grade group focuses on the interrelationship between economic agents and introduces new concepts such as "freedom of enterprise," "labor rights," and "corporate social responsibility." Based on these findings, this study proposes teaching strategies addressing rational choices by households and firms, the relationships between economic agents, and corporate social responsibility. This study suggests: first, it is necessary to design inquiry activities in elementary schools related to the rational consumption of households, incorporating budget constraints, products with the same price, and opportunity costs; second, the rational decision-making of firms should move beyond interest-driven activities to focus on profit-seeking and production activities centered on resource utilization; and third, teaching corporate social responsibility as a concept that integrates long-term profit-making with societal contributions.
Voltage Profile Improvement with Application of Differently Optimized FACTS Controllers
Authors: Sutter Joel R. , Nderu John N. , Mutegi Ariel M.
Published: February 2025

This research work presents a novel individual and Hybrid MGA and IGWO was utilized to develop FACTS-controlled optimization model for improvement of bus voltage profiles. The algorithm simultaneously solved the objective problem and augments device parameters as it searches for the best FACTS location and sizes. Objective function was resolved Security Constrained Optimal Load Flow (SCOLF) with the integration FACTS power electronics controllers for TTC without violating active and reactive power generation confines, voltage boundaries, line flow limits, and FACTS devices operation restrictions and ratings. TCSC controller parameters have been effectively optimized for the research and the work has been successfully carried out on MATLAB platform using IEEE 30-bus test bus systems. Power system procedures and parameters can be augmented using artificial intelligence techniques like ANN, ANFIS, Fuzzy Logic, DEPSO and MGA together with power electronics built versatile and highly adaptable Flexible AC Transmission Systems controllers. FACTS normalize voltage or control the power that is either added into or absorbed from the system. They enhance the overall grid capacity and performance. They also increase the dependability and efficiency of power systems. Apart from alleviating power transients, FACTS provide greater system real and reactive control.
Crowding Impairs Recognition of Framed Icons
Authors: Pedersen Pia , Oderkerk Chiron , Beier Sofie
Published: February 2025

Pictograms are graphic symbols designed to function within limited space. They are characterized by overlapping elements within a frame, which can lead to visual crowding, where neighboring objects merge and become indistinguishable. While visual crowding has been extensively studied in reading and vision research, its impact on pictograms remains underexplored.
This study aimed to measure the effect of spacing between two icons and between icons and an outline frame on icon recognition. Using Auckland Optotypes to construct fictive pictograms, we conducted an experiment within an object recognition experimental paradigm, involving 25 participants. Results showed significant interaction between the effects of icon-frame distance and the spacing between the two icons, with the most limiting factor for recognition being two icons overlapping or placed in close proximity to each other. Strategic spacing adjustments within framed pictograms can reduce the impact of crowding on recognition, particularly when icons are not overlapping
Moral Integrity dengan Academic Dishonesty pada Santri di Pondok Pesantren X
Authors: Fikri Harri Theozard , Rahmadani Sari , Amanda Silvia
Published: February 2025

Moral integrity merupakan pilar penting bagi santri dalam menuntut ilmu, dimana tindakan kecurangan akademik tidak hanya mencemarkan reputasi pribadi, tetapi juga menghancurkan inti dari pendidikan yang seharusnya membentuk karakter yang jujur dan bertanggung jawab. Santri yang mengedepankan integritas moral akan selalu menjauhkan diri dari segala bentuk kecurangan akademik, karena mereka menyadari bahwa kesuksesan sejati dinilai bukan hanya dari hasil akhir, tetapi juga dari proses yang jujur dan penuh integritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat hubungan antara moral integrity terhadap academic dishonesty pada santri di Pondok Pesantren X. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh santri Pondok Pesantren X yang berjumlah 242. Teknik penelitian ini menggunakan simple random sampling, sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 127 santri di Pondok Pesantren X. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala moral integrity dan skala academic dishonesty. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Alpha Cronbach. Hasil Koefisien Validitas pada skala moral integrity berkisar antara 0,321 sampai dengan 0,705 dengan nilai koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,930 sedangkan hasil koefisien validitas pada skala academic dishonesty berkisar antara 0,322 sampai dengan 0,755 dengan nilai koefisien reliabilitas 0,950. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data, diperoleh nilai korelasi sebesar -0,565 dengan taraf signifikasi 0,000. Korelasi dengan taraf sedang berarah negatif, artinya jika moral integrity tinggi maka academic dishonesty pada santri semakin rendah. Sebaliknya, jika moral integrity rendah maka academic dishonesty pada santri semakin tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara moral integrity dengan academic dishonesty pada santri Pondok Pesantren X yang berarti hipótesis diterima.
Separation of Judicial Power from Executive Power: Historical Vicissitudes of the Russian Model. Part IV. Separation of Courts from Executive Power in the Conditions of Modern Russia
Authors:   North-­ Western Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ocheredko V.P.
Published: February 2025

The author concludes the consideration of the complex and contradictory historical process of the development of the Russian model of separation of judicial power from executive power. The previous articles [12-14] were devoted to the analysis of the separation of the court from the administration at the previous stages of formation of the statehood in Russia, including Soviet Russia. The paper analyzes serious transformations in the interaction of the branches of government based on the implementation of the principle of separation of powers in modern Russia. The process of formation of the modern domestic model of separation of courts from the executive power is traced on the basis of the formation of a state body within the judicial system that provides organizational support for courts, as well as the main array of organizational interaction between the judicial and executive authorities. As a result, we can talk about the formation of an intra-system mechanism of organizational support of courts as a modern model of separation of courts from executive power.
Understanding the Constitution as a Basic Component of Constitutional Legal Understanding
Authors:   North-­West Institute of Management of the RANEPA, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Romashova M.R. , Rybkina M.V. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

This article presents the results of an analysis of the historical and legal development of Russian constitutional legal understanding, as well as constitutionalism in general. The methodology of the work is based on the use of a cyclical approach to the study of historical and legal processes. The author identifies both repeating phases of the historical process and specific cycles in Russian history. The article contains a brief description of the peculiarities of legal understanding and constitutional values inherent in each cycle. The completion of the work contains the author’s assessment of modern constitutional legal understanding and presents a forecast of future development. The author notes that in the foreseeable future the trend will continue to increase conservatism in state legal policy, as well as to preserve the traditional values of national statehood, the model of the structure of public power, including the status of the head of state.
On the Issue of the Use of Audio and Video Recordings as Means of Evidence in Cases Arising From Family Legal Relations
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nakhova E.A. , Volkov D.V. ,   St. Petersburg Institute (branch) All-­Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Saint Petersburg, Krasikova L.A. ,   North-­Western Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the rules for the use of audio and video recordings as means of evidence in cases arising from family legal relations. The problems of legal regulation of audio and video recordings as means of evidence in civil proceedings are also investigated. The author examines the limitations of the use of audio and video recordings as means of proof. The article uses the prospects of using software (parental control tools) as evidence of child abuse in civil proceedings.
Current Issues of Disposal of Rights on the Results of Intellectual Activity
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rybkina M.V. , Bliznets I.A. ,   A. S. Griboyedov Moscow University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shcherbak E.V. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The authors of the article reveal the features of the disposal of intellectual property rights, provide examples from court decisions, provide a brief analysis of the fundamental Resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on these issues, and provide specific examples of court decisions on the disposal of rights.