bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Correction Algorithm for The Active Optics System
Authors: Li Wenxiang , Kang Chao , Guan Hengrui , Huang Shen , Zhao Jinbiao , Zhou Xiaojun , Li Jinpeng
Published: November 2020

The correction of wavefront aberration plays a vital role in active optics. The traditional correction algorithms based on the deformation of the mirror cannot effectively deal with disturbances in the real system. In this study, a new algorithm called deep learning correction algorithm (DLCA) is proposed to compensate for wavefront aberrations and improve the correction capability. The DLCA consists of an actor network and a strategy unit. The actor network is utilized to establish the mapping of active optics systems with disturbances and provide a search basis for the strategy unit, which can increase the search speed; The strategy unit is used to optimize the correction force, which can improve the accuracy of the DLCA. Notably, a heuristic search algorithm is applied to reduce the search time in the strategy unit. The simulation results show that the DLCA can effectively improve correction capability and has good adaptability. Compared with the least square algorithm (LSA), the algorithm we proposed has better performance, indicating that the DLCA is more accurate and can be used in active optics. Moreover, the proposed approach can provide a new idea for further research of active optics.
Analysis of Long Period Gratings Inscribed by CO2 Laser Irradiation and Estimation of the Refractive Index Modulation
Authors: Rocha Ana M. , Machado Ana I. , Almeida Telmo , Vieira Joana , Facão Margarida
Published: November 2020

Long period gratings (LPGs) inscribed in single mode fibers (SMFs) using CO2 laser irradiation were modelled numerically using the coupled mode method. The model considers the specifications of the inscription technique, such as the shape of the refractive index modulation that mimics the circularly symmetric point-to-point laser irradiation profile. A simple expression for predicting the resonant wavelength was obtained assuming a two-mode coupling model. However, to explain the spectra of the experimental LPGs, it was necessary to assume a reasonably high refractive index change and a multimode coupling model. Furthermore, using the developed model and a genetic algorithm to fit experimental resonances to simulated ones, we were able to estimate the maximum refractive index change, obtaining a value of 2.2 × 10−3, confirming the high refractive index change. The proposed model also predicts a second order resonance for this high value of refractive index change that was confirmed experimentally. Hence, with this model, we found some significant differences in the LPGs behavior when compared with conventional ones, namely, the emergence of coupling between different cladding modes and the competition of first and second order resonances which change the LPG transmission spectrum.
On the Application of Time Frequency Convolutional Neural Networks to Road Anomalies’ Identification with Accelerometers and Gyroscopes
Authors: Baldini Gianmarco , Giuliani Raimondo , Geib Filip
Published: November 2020

The detection and identification of road anomalies and obstacles in the road infrastructure has been investigated by the research community using different types of sensors. This paper evaluates the detection and identification of road anomalies/obstacles using the data collected from the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) installed in a vehicle and in particular from the data generated by the accelerometers’ and gyroscopes’ components. Inspired by the successes of the application of deep learning to various identification problems, this paper investigates the application of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to this specific problem. In particular, we propose a novel approach in this context where the time-frequency representation (i.e., spectrogram) is used as an input to the CNN rather than the original time domain data. This approach is evaluated on an experimental dataset collected using 12 different vehicles driving for more than 40 km of road. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms significantly and across different sampling rates both the application of CNN to the original time domain representation and the application of shallow machine learning algorithms. The approach achieves an identification accuracy of 97.2%. The results presented in this paper are based on an extensive optimization both of the CNN algorithm and the spectrogram implementation in terms of window size, type of window, and overlapping ratio. The accurate detection of road anomalies/obstacles could be useful to road infrastructure managers to monitor the quality of the road surface and to improve the accurate positioning of autonomous vehicles because road anomalies/obstacles could be used as landmarks.
Sustainable Utilization of Steel Slag from Traditional Industry and Agriculture to Catalysis
Authors: Gao Di , Wang Fu-Ping , Wang Yi-Tong , Zeng Ya-Nan
Published: November 2020

Steel slag is a large amount of residual material produced in the process of steel manufacturing. With the requirements of sustainable development in China, the utilization of steel slag has become a hot issue. Through an in-depth study on steel slag, it is apparent that it has been widely used in various fields in recent years. The resource utilization of steel slag is not only conducive to resource conservation, but also conducive to sustainable production and environmental protection. In this paper, the common ways of resource utilization of steel slag in construction, agriculture, industry, and catalysis are reviewed. Steel slag as a solid waste with great development potential and large output is expected to be widely developed into high value-added products such as catalytic material in the future.
A Macro Perspective on the Relationship between Farm Size and Agrochemicals Use in China
Authors: Xie Lin , Qiu Zeyuan , You Liangzhi , Kang Yang
Published: November 2020

Agrochemicals are overused in China. One strategy to reduce agrochemical use is to increase farm size because of the potential effect of economy of scale. Existing studies at a micro scale present mixed and often conflicting results on the relationship between agrochemical use and farm size. This study aimed to assess that relationship from a macro perspective using an aggregated panel dataset in 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2016. The empirical results confirm the existence of both economy and diseconomy of scale effects on agrochemical use in China. The agrochemical application rates decreased as the proportion of farms between 0.667 and 2 ha increased. The diseconomy of scale existed when significantly larger farms, such as the farms larger than 3.34 ha, continued to emerge. Given the fact that 78.6% of farms are under 0.667 ha in China, our results suggest that the reduction strategy based on only expanding farm size might achieve some initial success in reducing agrochemical use, but the effect would fade away and be reversed as significantly large farms continue to emerge. These results have significant policy implications as China is proactively developing and implementing various policies and strategies to modernize its agriculture toward achieving its sustainability goals.
The Effects of Blockholder Dispersion on the Informativeness of Earnings: Evidence from Korea
Authors: Shin Jae Eun , Yoo Seung-Weon , Lee Gun
Published: November 2020

This paper studies the relationship between blockholder dispersion and the informativeness of earnings using a sample of Korean companies. Investors prefer less volatile and more sustainable earnings and managers have incentives to manage earnings to meet investor demand. We show evidence that firms with dispersed ownership, which are likely to suffer from high levels of information asymmetry, smooth earnings in order to relieve investors’ concerns regarding information asymmetry. Furthermore, our regression analyses on the relation between returns and future earnings reveal that earnings smoothing conducted by firms with dispersed ownership leads to higher informativeness of earnings. This study provides important implications for various financial statement users in interpreting firms’ earnings sustainability, especially in the East Asian countries where a wide spectrum of ownership concentration structure exists.
Analysis of Cost-Optimal Renewable Energy Expansion for the Near-Term Jordanian Electricity System
Authors: Hilpert Simon , Dettner Franziska , Al-Salaymeh Ahmed
Published: November 2020

Jordan is affected by an ever changing environment in the midst of climate change, political challenges, a fast growing economy and socio-economic pressures. Among other countries in the Middle East and Northern Africa, Jordan is facing a number of electricity related challenges, such as a rising energy demand, high dependency on fossil fuel imports and management of local, fossil and renewable resources. The paper presents an analysis based on an open source optimisation modelling approach identifying a cost-optimal extension of the Jordanian electricity system with growing demand projections until 2030 utilising pumped hydro energy storage and determining the costs of different CO2 mitigation pathways. The results highlight the large potential of renewable energy for the cost effective, environmentally friendly and energy independent development of the Jordanian electricity sector. A share of up to 50% renewable energy can be achieved with only a minor increase in levelised cost of electricity from 54.42 to 57.04 $/MWh. In particular, a combination of photovoltaic and pumped hydro storage proved to be a superior solution compared to the expansion of existing shale oil deployments due to high costs and CO2 emissions. Aiming for a more than 50% renewable energy share within the electricity mix calls for substantial wind energy deployments. In a system with a renewable energy share of 90%, wind energy covers 45% of the demand.
Prediction of Cost Overrun Risk in Construction Projects
Authors: Plebankiewicz Edyta , Wieczorek Damian
Published: November 2020

The paper proposes a cost overrun risks prediction model, the structure of which is based on the fuzzy inference model of Mamdani. The model consists of numerous inputs and one output (MISO, multi-input-single-output), based on processes running consecutively in three blocks (the fuzzy block, the interference block, and the block of sharpening the representative output value). The input variables of the model include the share of element costs in the building costs (SE), predicted changes in the number of works (WC), and expected changes in the unit price (PC). The developed rule base makes it possible to determine the risk of cost overruns in the following categories: “very low”, “quite low”, “average”, “quite high”, and “very high”. Twenty-seven rules were assumed in the interference block. The operation of the model was illustrated by the example of selected elements of a road object and was validated by checking the correctness of the assumptions made at the design stage of the inference block rule base. It has been proven that with the increase of the share of element costs in the building costs (SE), predicted changes in the number of works (WC), and expected changes in the unit price (PC), the value of the risk exceeding the costs of a given element of the construction project (R) increases naturally and smoothly. It was emphasized in the conclusions that the cost overrun risks prediction model is intended for general contractors who subcontract many stages of works to their subcontractors in accordance with the agreed division into work elements.
Sharing Is Caring, but Is the Shore Cared for? The Sharing Paradox of the French Coast
Authors: Hauser Stephan J. , Roche Catherine
Published: November 2020

Coastlines have long attracted industrial activities, services, housing, and tourism. At select geographic locations, harbors host port facilities and provide local economic growth opportunities. As such, these areas also concentrate populations around the world. In the north of France, where the unemployment rate is high, port industries are still massive providers of work. However, in the last decades, the port development has become a major threat to the architectural heritage, the historical scenery, and the unique biodiversity of these areas, both at sea and on land. The impact of urban redevelopment has been clearly visible since 1950. At this point, this paper raises the following question: How is it possible, in this context, to efficiently limit this urban sprawl through legal frameworks to protect land, sea, and their in-between environment, in spite of the economic interests? The urbanization of the northern coastline of France has gradually expanded since 1950 until a fundamental act appeared in 1986, the Shoreline Act “Loi Littoral”. This act allows us to analyze the last thirty years of urbanization and its binding force towards the protection of the environment; and yet, we also understand that it has a limited role. It does not forbid all kinds of construction, but just new buildings coming out of nowhere, though expansion in urbanized areas is allowed. After decades of existence, this framework has been integrated by both politicians and citizens, and its results have been judged. If the law is now seen as a guardian of the shore, inhabitants and environmental organizations have often criticized its dimness, which favors interpretation. This paper analyzes the soft limitations that have affected the ongoing space consumption since the 1950s using aerial pictures provided by the IGN (Institut National de l’Information Géographique et Forestière), as well as if the rules were efficient enough in their protection.
Biphasic Packing of DNA and Internal Proteins in Bacteriophage T4 Heads Revealed by Bubblegram Imaging
Authors: Wu Weimin , Cheng Naiqian , Black Lindsay , Dietz Hendrik , Steven Alasdair
Published: November 2020

The virions of tailed bacteriophages and the evolutionarily related herpesviruses contain, in addition to highly condensed DNA, substantial quantities of internal proteins. These proteins (“ejection proteins”) have roles in scaffolding, maturational proteolysis, and cell-to-cell delivery. Whereas capsids are amenable to analysis at high resolution by cryo-electron microscopy, internal proteins have proved difficult to localize. In this study, we investigated the distribution of internal proteins in T4 by bubblegram imaging. Prior work has shown that at suitably high electron doses, radiation damage generates bubbles of hydrogen gas in nucleoprotein specimens. Using DNA origami as a test specimen, we show that DNA does not bubble under these conditions; it follows that bubbles represent markers for proteins. The interior of the prolate T4 head, ~1000 Å long by ~750 Å wide, has a bubble-free zone that is ~100–110 Å thick, underlying the capsid shell from which proteins are excluded by highly ordered DNA. Inside this zone, which is plausibly occupied by ~4 layers of coaxial spool, bubbles are generated at random locations in a disordered ensemble of internal proteins and the remainder of the genome.
Bovine Coronavirus: Variability, Evolution, and Dispersal Patterns of a No Longer Neglected Betacoronavirus
Authors: Franzo Giovanni , Drigo Michele , Legnardi Matteo , Grassi Laura , Pasotto Daniela , Menandro Maria Luisa , Cecchinato Mattia , Tucciarone Claudia Maria
Published: November 2020

Bovine coronavirus (BoCV) is an important pathogen of cattle, causing severe enteric disease and playing a role in the bovine respiratory disease complex. Similar to other coronaviruses, a remarkable variability characterizes both its genome and biology. Despite their potential relevance, different aspects of the evolution of BoCV remain elusive. The present study reconstructs the history and evolution of BoCV using a phylodynamic approach based on complete genome and spike protein sequences. The results demonstrate high mutation and recombination rates affecting different parts of the viral genome. In the spike gene, this variability undergoes significant selective pressures—particularly episodic pressure—located mainly on the protein surface, suggesting an immune-induced selective pressure. The occurrence of compensatory mutations was also identified. On the contrary, no strong evidence in favor of host and/or tissue tropism affecting viral evolution has been proven. The well-known plasticity is thus ascribable to the innate broad viral tropism rather than mid- or long-term adaptation. The evaluation of the geographic spreading pattern clearly evidenced two clusters: a European cluster and an American–Asian cluster. While a relatively dense and quick migration network was identified in the former, the latter was dominated by the primary role of the United States (US) as a viral exportation source. Since the viral spreading pattern strongly mirrored the cattle trade, the need for more intense monitoring and preventive measures cannot be underestimated as well as the need to enforce the vaccination of young animals before international trade, to reduce not only the clinical impact but also the transferal and mixing of BoCV strains.
Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Mathematical Modeling Analyses
Authors: Makhoul Monia , Ayoub Houssein H. , Chemaitelly Hiam , Seedat Shaheen , Mumtaz Ghina R. , Al-Omari Sarah , Abu-Raddad Laith J.
Published: November 2020

This study aims to inform SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development/licensure/decision-making/implementation, using mathematical modeling, by determining key preferred vaccine product characteristics and associated population-level impacts of a vaccine eliciting long-term protection. A prophylactic vaccine with efficacy against acquisition (VES) ≥70% can eliminate the infection. A vaccine with VES <70% may still control the infection if it reduces infectiousness or infection duration among those vaccinated who acquire the infection, if it is supplemented with <20% reduction in contact rate, or if it is complemented with herd-immunity. At VES of 50%, the number of vaccinated persons needed to avert one infection is 2.4, and the number is 25.5 to avert one severe disease case, 33.2 to avert one critical disease case, and 65.1 to avert one death. The probability of a major outbreak is zero at VES ≥70% regardless of the number of virus introductions. However, an increase in social contact rate among those vaccinated (behavior compensation) can undermine vaccine impact. In addition to the reduction in infection acquisition, developers should assess the natural history and disease progression outcomes when evaluating vaccine impact.
Intratumoral Combinatorial Administration of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ Myeloid Dendritic Cells Plus Ipilimumab and Avelumab in Combination with Intravenous Low-Dose Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase IB Clinical Trial
Authors: Schwarze Julia Katharina , Awada Gil , Cras Louise , Tijtgat Jens , Forsyth Ramses , Dufait Inès , Tuyaerts Sandra , Van Riet Ivan , Neyns Bart
Published: November 2020

Intratumoral (IT) myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) play a pivotal role in re-licensing antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. IT injection of the IgG1 monoclonal antibodies ipilimumab and avelumab may induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, thereby enhancing the release of tumor antigens that can be captured and processed by CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs. Patients with advanced solid tumors after standard care were eligible for IT injections of ≥1 lesion with ipilimumab (10 mg) and avelumab (40 mg) and intravenous (IV) nivolumab (10 mg) on day 1, followed by IT injection of autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs on day 2. IT/IV administration of ipilimumab, avelumab, and nivolumab was repeated bi-weekly. Primary objectives were safety and feasibility. Nine patients were treated with a median of 21 × 106 CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs, and a median of 4 IT/IV administrations of ipilimumab, avelumab, and nivolumab. The treatment was safe with mainly injection-site reactions, but also immune-related pneumonitis (n = 2), colitis (n = 1), and bullous pemphigoid (n = 1). The best response was a durable partial response in a patient with stage IV melanoma who previously progressed on checkpoint inhibitors. Our combinatorial therapeutic approach, including IT injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs, is feasible and safe, and it resulted in encouraging signs of antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Attention as a Unitary Concept
Authors: Reeves Adam
Published: November 2020

In this paper, I discuss attention in terms of selecting visual information and acting on it. Selection has been taken as a bedrock concept in attention research since James (1890). Selective attention guides action by privileging some things at the expense of others. I formalize this notion with models which capture the relationship between input and output under the control of spatial and temporal attention, by attenuating or discarding certain inputs and by weighing energetic costs, speed, and accuracy in meeting pre-chosen goals. Examples are given from everyday visually guided actions, and from modeling data obtained from visual searches through temporal and spatial arrays and related research. The relation between selection, as defined here, and other forms of attention is discussed at the end.
Predicting Stock Prices Using Machine Learning Methods and Deep Learning Algorithms: The Sample of the Istanbul Stock Exchange
Authors: DEMİREL Uğur , ÇAM Handan , ÜNLÜ Ramazan
Published: November 2020

Stock market prediction in financial and commodity markets is a major challenge for speculators, investors, and companies but also profitable with an accurate prediction. Thus, obtaining accurate prediction results becomes extremely important especially while the stock market is essentially volatile, nonlinear, complicated, adaptive, nonparametric and unpredictable in nature. This study aims to forecast the opening and closing stock prices of 42 firms listed in Istanbul Stock Exchange National 100 Index (ISE-100) using well-known machine learning methods, Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) models and deep learning algorithm, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) by comparing their forecasting performances. The analysis includes 9 years of data from 01.01.2010 to 01.01.2019. For each firm 2249 data for the opening and 2249 for the closing stock prices were established as daily data sets. Forecasting performance of these methods was evaluated by applying different criteria for each model: root mean squared error (RMSE), mean squared error (MSE) and R-squared (R2). The results of this study show that MLP and LSTM models become advantageous in estimating the opening and closing stock prices comparing to SVM model.
Peran BUMDes Dalam Memanfaatkan Dana Desa Untuk Memajukan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Banyuanyar, Kecamatan Ampel, Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Tjokro Rahardjo Yesaya Setia Nugroho , Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya
Published: November 2020

The Indonesian government is currently carrying out overall development both in terms of infrastructure and economically for every corner of the region such as in rural areas. This is evidenced by the assistance in the form of village funds which are given annually by the government. Another proof of rural development is the four development programs launched by the Ministry of Village, Development of Disadvantaged Areas and Transmigration, one of them is the development of Village Enterprises (BUMDes). BUMDes are expected to be the main economic foundation for rural areas so that BUMDes can be a source of income for rural development. This study aims to provide information about the role of BUMDes in managing village funds to improve the prosperity of the Banyuanyar Village community, Ampel District, Boyolali Regency. This study uses a qualitative method by collecting data using analytical triangulation techniques. The results of the study show that BUMDes have performed their roles quite well in the welfare of society. The constraints of BUMDes in Banyuanyar Village refer more to the lack of human resources that can process the village's potential and are still skeptical of the village community about BUMDes itself.
Pengembangan Jurusan Zakat Dan Wakaf Pada UIN SMH Banten
Authors: Masykuroh Nihayatul , Peristiwo Hadi , Suganda Asep Dadan
Published: November 2020

This feasibility study aims to determine the extent of the community interest towards opening the Department of Zakat and Endowments Management at the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, UIN SMH Banten. The method of this research used descriptive qualitative by distributing questionnaires to the students of High School (SMA), Vocational School (SMK) and Islamic High School (MA) in Serang City. Furthermore, guided interviews were conducted for philanthropic institutions such as BAZNAS, Indonesian Endowments Agency (BWI), Dompet Dhu’afa, and LAZ Harfa. In addition, most respondents were very interested in continuing their studies to a higher level, both the respondents from the public school and private schools as many as 83.1%. Whereas the respondents' interest in continuing their studies in FEBI, UIN SMH Banten, when the Department of Zakat and Endowments Management has been opened, is 49.2%, with the most preferred area of ​​respondents when entering the Department of Zakat and Endowments Management was the management area, which is equal to 76.3%. Based on these data, it can be stated that the Department of Zakat and Endowments Management is feasible to be opened in FEBI, UIN SMH Banten.
MODEL AKAD QARDHUL HASAN PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH
Authors: Kurniati Rini Rahayu , , Afifuddin , Wahyu Sri Nuring
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the research was to analyze the qardhul hasan contract model in small and medium entrepreneurs (MSMEs) in the context of economic development in Batu City and to analyze the role of the qardhul hasan contract in small and medium entrepreneurs (MSMEs) in the context economic development in Batu City. This research uses qualitative descriptive method by collecting data using analytical technical triangulation through head micro unit of Sharia BRI Batu City and qarhul hasan customers as informans. The results showed that the qardhul hasan contract model was in the form of: a contract based on sharia concept, namely the provision of loan funds for businesses based on customers who needed and paid back according to ability. The role of the qardhul hasan contract is to create a sense of independence, create creativity to start and develop a business.
CARACTERÍSTICA COMUNICATIVA DE LA LENGUA ESPAÑOLA EN LOS PAÍSES DE IBEROAMÉRICA Y SU ESTUDIO EN UZBEKISTÁN
Authors: JURAEV Abdunazar , Marcos Álvaro
Published: November 2020

En el artículo se ha analizado la situación lingüística en los países de Iberoamérica. Se considera el problema de la formación del idioma español en el área del idioma iberoamericano, se describen las características del funcionamiento del idioma a nivel fonético, morfológico, sintáctico y léxico. Se rastrea que el idioma español, plantado en Iberoamérica por los conquistadores, evolucionó de manera diferente, dependiendo de la región y la influencia de los idiomas nativos. Se establece que el idioma español de Iberoamérica se caracteriza por una gran cantidad de características comunes con el idioma de España; Se encuentran más desacuerdos entre las versiones ibérica e iberoamericana a nivel fonético y léxico que se observaron mientras trabajaban como guía con los turistas españoles e iberoamericanos. Se da la definición del concepto de "variante del idioma nacional", que se caracteriza por características que se manifiestan en diferentes niveles del idioma como resultado de la influencia de factores extralingüísticos (culturales, sociales, territoriales, temporales, sustrato, etc.) El estudio confirma que el idioma español, a pesar de sus variaciones nacionales, sigue siendo hoy el único idioma en Iberoamérica y la cultura mundial.
PRVNet: Variational Autoencoders for Massive MIMO CSI Feedback
Authors: Hussien Mostafa
Published: November 2020

In a frequency division duplexing multiple-input multiple-output (FDD-MIMO) system, the user equipment (UE) send the downlink channel state information (CSI) to the base station for performance improvement. However, with the growing complexity of MIMO systems, this feedback becomes expensive and has a negative impact on the bandwidth. Although this problem has been largely studied in the literature, the noisy nature of the feedback channel is less considered. In this paper, we introduce PRVNet, a neural architecture based on variational autoencoders (VAE). VAE gained large attention in many fields (e.g., image processing, language models, or recommendation system). However, it received less attention in the communication domain generally and in CSI feedback problem specifically. We also introduce a different regularization parameter for the learning objective, which proved to be crucial for achieving competitive performance. In addition, we provide an efficient way to tune this parameter using KL-annealing. Empirically, we show that the proposed model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art, including two neural network approaches. The proposed model is also proved to be more robust against different levels of noise.
Instruções para publicação
Authors: Revista de Direito Dom Helder
Published: November 2020

Instruções para publicação - Vol. 1, n.1, Set./Dez. 2018
ENERGIA NUCLEAR: DESAFIO ATUAL, UNIVERSALIZAÇÃO E MEDO SOCIAL
Authors: Goecking Liesner de Souza Lucas Emanuel , Carneiro Lima Carolina
Published: November 2020

A energia alicerce condicional da vida é, constantemente, reinterpretada para melhor atender à vontade humana. A eletricidade forma mais comum de energia atualmente garante bem-estar e dignidade humana. Seu alcance, entretanto, é limitado, já que nem todos usufruem deste bem. Universalizar o acesso à energia, produzindo-a com menos impactos negativos, é o grande desafio atual. Por isto, o objetivo geral é analisar a fonte nuclear, forma alternativa de produção de energia, subutilizada no país, mas, que representa uma alternativa sustentável, frente às externalidades da geração de eletricidade. O sustentáculo teórico adotado é o princípio do desenvolvimento sustentável, sob a ótica constitucional da obra de Ignacy Sachs, “Caminhos para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável”. O método é o teórico-descritivo, por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e normativas para responder ao problema sobre as razões de se fomentar a produção de energia elétrica por fonte nuclear no Brasil. Esta fonte, em função da sua densidade energética, detém um potencial gerador superior às fontes ou à matriz principal brasileira. Com impactos negativos passíveis de mitigação, reflexos sociais e econômicos benéficos e certa independência em relação aos ciclos naturais, a energia nuclear possui as características essenciais para as mudanças almejadas.
POSSE DE ARMA DE FOGO: POSSIBILIDADE DE ABOLITIO CRIMINIS A PARTIR DA SUCESSÃO DE NORMA DE COMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE LEI PENAL EM BRANCO NO TEMPO
Authors: Mendonça Tarcísio Chaves
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo teve como objetivo avaliar se a nova redação dada ao art. 16, §2º do decreto 5.123/2003 pelo decreto 9.685/2019 tem o efeito de provocar, em relação aos autores do crime descrito no art. 12 da Lei. 10.826/2003, a extinção da punibilidade pela abolitio criminis. O art. 12 da Lei 10.826/2003 é uma lei penal em branco. Os decretos 5.123/2003 e 9.685/2019 são suas normas de complementação. A questão consiste em estabelecer os critérios para definir a amplitude da abolitio criminis quando da sucessão de norma de complementação de lei penal em branco no tempo. É importante definir bem os limites do elemento em branco, diferenciando-o do normativo jurídico. Após, analisamos cada uma das teorias que buscam enfrentar o problema. Ao final, chegamos à conclusão que a teoria que melhor explica o problema é a diferenciadora; para ser mais específico, a teoria da alteração dos dados fáticos. Essa teoria justifica a restrição da abolitio criminis nos casos de sucessão de norma de complementação de lei penal em branco no tempo a partir do princípio da isonomia.
Revisiting the safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kalyuzhin Oleg V.
Published: November 2020

Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI) have emerged from the shadow of topical corticosteroids as another first-line remedies for treating acute flares of atopic dermatitis (AD). The effectiveness of TCI in maintenance therapy is also undeniable. The wider use of TCI increases the relevance of the issue of their safety. The adherence of physicians and their patients to the treatment with TCI is constrained by a controversial FDA black box warning against these drugs based on the theoretical risk of skin tumors, especially lymphoma. This warning, formulated in 2005, has been repeatedly refuted. However, there have been studies that at least partially supported cautious use of TCI. In recent years, the results of large cohort prospective studies clarifying the issue of oncological safety of TCI have been published. The review highlights the results of various studies with optimistic, pessimistic and balanced conclusions regarding the safety of TCI, primarily their effect on tumorigenesis, in order to better inform physicians about the benefit/risk balance when using these drugs in AD patients. The data presented in this review indicate that there is no increased risk of melanoma and other forms of skin cancer in TCI users, but these data do not completely rule out the risk of skin lymphoma. However, the very low level of potential risk to an individual patient gives physicians the right to neglect this risk when choosing TCI as a treatment option for AD.
A case of hereditary angioedema with late adulthood onset
Authors: Pokalyukhina Julia P. , Abramova Natalia N.
Published: November 2020

Over the last years, high attention is given to the hereditary angioedema (HAO). Practitioners can identify the disease by clinical manifestations and family history even before specific laboratory testing. More than 95% of HAO cases are associated with C-1inhibitor deficiency/dysfunction caused by a mutation inSERPING1gene. In 25% of patients without C1-inhibitor deficiency HAO is associated with heterozygous mutations in geneF12coding Hageman XII factor. In 20172018 years two more genes responsible for normal C1-inhibitor HAO were discovered: genesPLGandANGPT1. In clinical practice patients do not always meet typical HAO diagnosis criteria. Diagnostic difficulties appear when clinical picture is not confirmed by related genetic testing results, for example, mutations in genes not described earlier are detected. It should be noted that app. 25% of patients do not have any HAO family history, i.e. have so called de novo mutations. Normally HAO onset takes place within 2 first life decades. 40% of patients have disease progress before the age of 5, and 75% of patients before the age of 15 y.o. However, it can appear in elderly age, which means certain diagnostic difficulties. It is important to analyze thoroughly patients comorbidity and make differential diagnosis with a secondary angioedema.
Biological therapy of allergic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fedenko Elena S. , Elisyutina Olga G. , Il`ina Natalia I.
Published: November 2020

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2-induced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, continued to spread across the globe and spanned 188 countries. Under the new circumstances treatment approach for T2 allergic diseases such as asthma, chronic hives, atopic dermatitis, and sinusitis with polyps has been changed. In the past years, new biological therapies monoclonal antibodies for these diseases have been developed targeting different aspects of the type 2 immune response. New knowledge on the COVID-19 disease course raises many issues around the safety of biologicals in patients with active infection, as well as their interactions with antiviral medications. In Russia new biological therapies entered clinical practice but its effectiveness and safety still are not known.
This newsletter is based on Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement and the latest scientific data.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – exacerbated respiratory disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical findings and management
Authors: Pavlova Ksenia S. , Dyneva Miramgul E. , Kurbacheva Oksana M.
Published: November 2020

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) are characterized by non-allergic hypersensitivity (intolerance) to NSAIDs and aspirin in patients with asthma and/or eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Asthma in N-ERD patients is usually characterized by eosinophilic inflammation, tends to become severe and intractable, and needs chronic oral corticosteroid therapy. For some patients recurrent CSwNP is more significant problem due to nasal congestion, anosmia, and multiple repeated surgeries. Intolerance to aspirin and other NSAIDs limits the choice of pain relievers and antipyretics. Accidental use of these medications can lead to dangerous consequences, including anaphylaxis. This review presents the current understanding of the N-ERD pathogenesis and perspective trends in therapy.
Patient management plan for sublingual allergen specific immunotherapy with birch pollen allergen and the maintenance of patient compliance
Authors: Trusova Olga V. , Kamaev Andrey V. , Makarova Irina V.
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:Sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy (SLIT) inefficiencie is mainly caused by non-compliance with the treatment regimen and premature treatment termination.
AIM:Frequency and causes of dropouts determination in children receiving SLIT with birch pollen according to the pre-coseasonal protocol, and approbation of the developed visit-to-visit patient management plan (Plan).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:332 cases of treatment with birch pollen in children are analyzed. 290 patients (72.1% boys, aged 518 years (9.82 years [5.93; 14.67]), received SLIT with birch pollen in 20122019. 42 patients received SLIT according to the Plan (69% boys, 8.95 years old [5.38; 11.79]) in 20172019.
RESULTS:A low dropout frequency was noted in the 1st and 2nd year of therapy (2 years after the start of treatment, 85% patients continue it). However, only 63.1% complete 3 years of therapy, and 11% 4 years of therapy. It has been shown that experienced allergists have more efficient patient retention. The implementation of the Plan increased patient retention in treatment at the 3rdyear of treatment up to 82.9% (p=0.02).
CONCLUSION:The study confirmed the main reasons for the withdrawal of patients from SLIT: doubts about the effectiveness, cost and side effects. A low dropout frequency was shown according to the results of the 1stand 2ndyears of therapy, but only a small proportion of patients (11%) receive 4 or more courses of therapy. Visit-to-visit Plan optimizes the patients management, reduces patients withdrawal from treatment and can be recommended for practical healthcare.
CONTAMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL OF MANDIDEEP INDUSTRIAL AREA, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Reeta Kori  , Alok Saxena  , Harish Wankhade  , Asad Baig  , Ankita Kulshreshtha  , Saket Mishra  , Smriti Sen
Published: November 2020

A study has been conducted to assess the heavy metal contamination in soil of Dewas industrial area of Madhya Pradesh, India. Total twelve locations and one control location were selected in Dewas industrial area for soil quality monitoring w.r.t. heavy metals. The thirteen soil samples were monitored for heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Cobalt (Co) analysis during different four quarters from April 2018 to March 2019. The present study is an attempt to visualize the heavy metal contamination with w.r.t. Contamination Index (CI), Pollution Load Index (PLI) study in selected locations in Mandideep industrial area. Over all Pollution Load Index of soil was found greater than one which shows polluted soil w.r.t. heavy metals at all selected monitoring locations in Mandideep industrial area of Madhya Pradesh, India during this study.
KEY WORDS: Industrial Area, Soil, Heavy Metals, Contamination Index (CI), Pollution Load Index (PLI)
COMMITMENT MOTHER AND BEHAVIORAL PREVENTION OF PICKY EATING ON TODDLER
Authors: Fitriana Dona Muji , Arief Yuni Sufyanti , Krisnana Ilya
Published: November 2020

Background: Picky eating is a picky behavior that can be interpreted as a rejection of certain types of food or fear of trying new foods. Picky eating can make some problems inadequacy of nutrition and impact on child growth if it's not properly handled and left prolongObjectives: The purpose of this study was determined to describe the relationship between commitment mothers and behavioral prevention of picky eating on toddler.Methods: The research used correlational analytic study with cross-sectional design. The Independent variable in this study is mother’s commitment and the dependent variable is behavioral prevention of picky eating. The population was mothers with toddler age children in the working area at the Public Health Center of Kedawung 1, Sragen, Central Java. A sample of 120 mothers were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires demographic of the respondent, mother’s commitment, and behavioral prevention of picky eating that compiled by the researcher. This questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability, and then analyzed used Spearman-rank test.Results: The results of this study showed that the mother's commitment to picky eating prevention behavior had a significant relationship (p <0.05) and have a coefficient correlation with positive value (r=0.535).Conclusion: The good mother’s commitment can make a good behavioral prevention of picky eating in toddlers. There needs to be more research on the factors that influence the behavioral prevention of picky eating. Keywords: Commitment, Mother, Picky Eating
EFFECTIVENESS OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL TO XEROSIS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS AT RST III REKSODIWIRYO PADANG
Authors: Desnita Ria , Sapardi Vivi Syofia
Published: November 2020

Background: Progressive and irreversible decline in renal function in chronic renal failure requires renal replacement therapy. The most commonly used renal replacement therapy is hemodialysis. Hemodialysis therapy can maintain patient survival and control uremia syndrome. However, uremic toxins cannot be completely resolved by hemodialysis. The uremic toxins that accumulate on the patient's skin can cause xerosis (dry skin). Xerosis can be overcome by providing a moisturizer that has emollient content. One of the natural ingredients that contain emollients and can be used for skin care for hemodialysis patients is virgin coconut oil (VCO).Objective: To determine the effectiveness of virgin coconut oil (VCO) administration against xerosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Research Method: This research is a quantitative study with a quasi experimental design approach using one group pre and post test approaches without control group design. The research was conducted in the hemodialysis room RST III Reksodiwiryo Padang. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling technique with a sample size of 11 people. VCO intervention was carried out for 12 days, 2 times a day. Score of xerosis degree before and after intervention was assessed by Overal Dry Skin Score (ODSS).Result: The mean score of degree of xerosis before VCO administration was 3.06 and after VCO administration was 1.39. Based on the t-dependent test statistical test, it was found that the p value = 0.001 (ρ<0.05), meaning that virgin coconut oil was effective in overcoming the problem of xerosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis at RST III Dr. Reksodiwiryo Padang.Conclusion: Virgin coconut oil can be used for skin care to treat xerosis problems in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.Key words: Hemodialysis, xerosis, virgin coconut oil.
ASSESSMENT OF ADULT EATING HABITS IN THE NUTRITIONAL PREVENTION OF STROKE
Authors: Sobalska Anna , Tomczyk Katarzyna , Łabuz-Roszak Beata
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Lifestyle modification, including changing eating habits, plays an essential role in the prevention of stroke. The aim: The study aimed to assess the nutritional prevention of cerebrovascular diseases in adult inhabitants of Poland. Material and Methods: The study was conducted using the author’s questionnaire among 145 women and 76 men, aged 18 - 30 (53.9%) and 50 - 70 (46.1%) years. Results: The following stroke risk factors were found in the examined group: overweight or obesity (46.6%), lack of regular physical activity (48%), smoking (33%), hypertension (22.1%), dyslipidemia (8.6%), diabetes (5.9%), and cardiac arrhythmias (6.3%). The younger subjects compared to older ones more often declared the daily consumption of whole-grain cereal products and vegetables, fish at least once a week, and they preferred vegetable oils. On the other hand, older subjects declared the consumption of sweets, sweet drinks, salt, and fast food less frequently than younger ones. Also, fruits were more often chosen by older people. Both groups declared similar moderate consumption of milk and dairy products with reduced fat content, lean meat, and alcohol. Only 38% of respondents considered their eating habits to be appropriate. Conclusions: The eating habits of examined adults only partially met the recommendations regarding the nutritional prevention of stroke. In some elements, younger people were more likely to follow appropriate dietary recommendations, while older people were more appropriate in others. The education regarding the principles of the nutritional prevention of cerebrovascular diseases is still necessary and should be age-appropriate.
OPTIMUM DURATION OF PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC CHOLANGIODRAINAGE IN COMMON BILE DUCT DISEASES COMPLICATED BY OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE
Authors: Sochnieva Anastasiia L.
Published: November 2020

The aim: Is to determine the optimum duration of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage depending on the duration of obstructive jaundice and the baseline total bilirubin level in patients with benign and malignant common bile duct diseases complicated by obstructive jaundice.
Materials and methods: The experience of applying percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage was combined for 88 patients with common bile duct diseases complicated by obstructive jaundice. The patients were divided into three groups: the Group 1 included 15 patients (17.1%) with benign common bile duct diseases, the Group 2 included 11 patients (12.5%) with resectable cholangiocarcinomas, and the Group 3 included 62 patients (70.4%) with unresectable cholangiocarcinomas. To determine optimal terms of biliary decompression using percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage, the Poisson process was applied, and, to be more precise, the quasi-Poisson distribution.
Results: It was found that the reduction of total bilirubin was the fastest in Group 3 patients. It took these patients an average of 7-8 days to reduce total bilirubin to 50 μmole/l. In Group 1 patients, the process is somewhat slower. The duration of biliary decompression in this category of patients averages 10-12 days. For Group 2 patients, biliary decompression requires at least 12 days.
Conclusions: Using the Poisson process, or, to be more precise, the quasi-Poisson distribution, we managed to determine the optimum duration of biliary decompression using percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage depending on the obstructive jaundice duration and the baseline total serum bilirubin.