bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Memoriam Julio Ruiz Berrio
Authors: Terrón Bañuelos Aida
Published: September 2020

In Memoriam del profesor Julio Ruiz Berrio: caminos transitados, memoria de trabajo compartido y recuerdos.
De Galicia, España e máis alá
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

Novas de Galicia, España e máis alá.
A História da Educação em Portugal, 2011-2013
Authors: Mogarro María João
Published: September 2020

Actualidade e notícias sobre a História da Educação em Portugal, 2011-2013.
O espazo histórico-educativo luso-brasileiro
Authors: Gonçalves Vidal Diana
Published: September 2020

Notícias e novidades do espaço histórico-educativo luso-brasileiro.
X. C. Domínguez Alberte (ed.) (2013). Actas do IV Congreso Manuel Luis Acuña
Authors: Malheiro Gutiérrez Xosé M.
Published: September 2020

Recensión de libro: Xosé Carlos Domínguez Alberte (ed.) (2013). Actas do IV Congreso Manuel Luis Acuña.
Rosa Vázquez Recio (2013). La dirección de Centros: Gestión, ética y política
Authors: Pérez Varela Noelia
Published: September 2020

Recensión de libro: Rosa Vázquez Recio (2013). La dirección de Centros: Gestión, ética y política.
António Nóvoa, Francisco Marcelino & Jorge Ramos de Ó (orgs.) (2012). Sergio Niza. Escritos sobre educaçâo
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

Recensión de libro: António Nóvoa, Francisco Marcelino & Jorge Ramos de Ó (orgs.) (2012). Sergio Niza. Escritos sobre educaçâo.
María del Mar Pozo Andrés (2013). Justa Freire o la pasión de educar. Biografía de una maestra atrapada en la historia de España (1896-1965)
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

Recensión de libro: María del Mar del Pozo Andrés (2013). Justa Freire o la pasión de educar. Biografía de una maestra atrapada en la historia de España (1896-1965).
The effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women on some biochemical and hormonal parameters in Duhok province, Iraq
Authors: Mikaeel Farhad B.
Published: September 2020

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is protozoal parasite that cause Toxoplasmosis, which is an important protozoal disease that infect more around billion people globally. Toxoplasmosis transmitted by two way in human; the horizontal transmission by accidental and ingestion of oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii through contaminated water or food, and the second rout is vertical transmission by placenta from mother to the baby. The aim of the current study was to detect the effect of toxoplasmosis on kidney function, liver function enzymes and gonadotropin hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH).Methods: A total of 101 (71 samples and 30 controls) of blood samples were collected from women, which were tested for seropositivity against anti-toxoplasma antibodies like immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) by ELISA. After that the biochemical test (alanine aminotransferase-ALT, Aspartate transaminase-AST, Alkaline phosphatase-ALP, Urea and Creatinine) and hormonal assay (LH and FSH) and achieved for all samples.Results: Results revealed a slight increase in the level of both urea and creatinine in infected women compared with the control group. A Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation test was used to examine the positive correlations between ALT and Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), LH and FSH at p value (<0.001 for both). Preliminary studies indicate that the level of LH and FSH in infected women is lower compared to control healthy group. Finally, current study indicated that toxoplasmosis is effect on the levels of studied biochemical and hormonal parameters.Conclusions: Current study shows a significant increase in the levels of biochemical and hormonal parameters in women infected with toxoplasmosis.
Magnetic resonance imaging predictors of outcome after surgical intervention for cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Bhogawar Sushil , Asher Prasanth , Sreemathyamma Sunilkumar Balakrishnan , Peethambaran Anilkumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a commonly seen spinal cord disease. There are no well-defined indications and optimal timing for surgical intervention. Therefore, defining predictors for outcome after surgical intervention will have great advantage in taking decisions for interventions.Methods: A consecutive series of all patients having signs and symptoms of cervical spondylotic myelopathy admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram who underwent decompressive surgery with or without stabilization in one year were studied. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were correlated with post-operative surgical outcomes (Nurick grade) after 3 months of follow up. The pattern of spinal cord signal intensity was classified as: group A (MRI N/N) - no SI T1WI or T2WI, group B (MRI N/Hi) - no SI T1WI and high SI on T2WI and, group C (MRI Lo/Hi) - low SI T1WI and high SI on T2WI. CSM clinical outcomes were evaluated using Nurick grading system, which was used pre- and post-operatively (pre op and post op).Results: Post operatively improvement was seen in 75% of group A and 61.35 % of group B patients, but among group C only 25% patient improved according to Nurick grading pre op and post op.Conclusions: Patients with high intramedullary signal intensity on T2WI may experience a good surgical outcome. A less favorable surgical outcome is predicted by the presence of low intramedullary signal on T1WI.
A cross sectional study on the bacteriologic pattern of chronic otitis media and its antibiotic sensitivity
Authors: C. Ramya Shree , S. Prabakaran , S. Rajasekaran , K. Priya , R. B. Namasivaya Navin
Published: September 2020

Background: Chronic otitis media is the commonest middle ear and mastoid cavity disease, which has the tendency of causing morbidity to the patients ranging from deafness to intracranial complications. Hence this study was done to identify the local bacteriological pattern and its antibiotic sensitivity for treating them with appropriate antibiotic therapy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done retrospectively with reports of culture and sensitivity of chronic otitis media from microbiology department. The sample was sent from the department of otorhinolaryngology in Chettinad hospital and research institute, Chennai, during the period from January 2018 to January 2020.

Results: On assessing about 188 reports, 17 patients had no growth of organism. The commonest organism isolated was Pseudomonas species (33.0%) which was sensitive to imipenem (96.8%), followed by Staphylococcus (28.7%) which was sensitive to linezolid and teicoplanin (98.1%).

Conclusions: The study concludes imipenem for Pseudomonas species and linezolid/teicoplanin for Staphylococcus. The appropriate and adequate antibiotic therapy is always recommended for chronic otitis media to avoid complications.
Correlation between microscopic and endoscopic approach to tympanoplasty: a comparative study
Authors: Rathod Jitendra , Vare Reena , Thomas Annju
Published: September 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of endoscopes in the management of dry central perforations of the tympanic membrane, compare the visualization of middle ear anatomy, time taken for the procedure and each step of the surgery and preoperative and postoperative hearing results/improvement.

Methods: Fifty patients of chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma who came to ENT OPD at MGM medical college and hospital Aurangabad were included. They were divided into 2 groups with 25 patients each. Group A underwent microscopic approach to tympanoplasty and group b underwent endoscopic approach to tympanoplasty. Patients were assessed pre and postoperatively after 7 days, 14 days, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months with postoperative audiometry in the third month.

Results: There was an improvement in the post-operative audiometry air bone gap (ABG) in both the groups. The operative time for group A was comparatively lesser than group B. Residual perforation were detected in one patient in group A at postoperative months 3 and 6, and for group B at postoperative month 3 and in two patients at postoperative month 6.

Conclusions: A shorter operative duration is an advantage of microscopic tympanoplasty technique. One handed technique is one of the disadvantages of endoscope. The endoscopic approach gave better results in terms of easy visualization of the entire tympanic membrane and ossicular system. Tympanoplasty using endoscope was found to be an effective method for management of dry central perforations of the tympanic membrane.
Automatic text-independent speaker verification using convolutional deep belief network
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Rakhmanenko I.A. , Shelupanov A.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Kostyuchenko E.Y. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: September 2020

This paper is devoted to the use of the convolutional deep belief network as a speech feature extractor for automatic text-independent speaker verification. The paper describes the scope and problems of automatic speaker verification systems. Types of modern speaker verification systems and types of speech features used in speaker verification systems are considered. The structure and learning algorithm of convolutional deep belief networks is described. The use of speech features extracted from three layers of a trained convolution deep belief network is proposed. Experimental studies of the proposed features were performed on two speech corpora: own speech corpus including audio recordings of 50 speakers and TIMIT speech corpus including audio recordings of 630 speakers. The accuracy of the proposed features was assessed using different types of classifiers. Direct use of these features did not increase the accuracy compared to the use of traditional spectral speech features, such as mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. However, the use of these features in the classifiers ensemble made it possible to achieve a reduction of the equal error rate to 0.21% on 50-speaker speech corpus and to 0.23% on the TIMIT speech corpus.
Data mining of corporate financial fraud based on neural network model
Authors:   Accounting Department, Business School, Changchun Guanghua University, Li S.L.
Published: September 2020

Under the active market economy, more and more listed companies emerge. Because of the various interest relationships faced by listed companies, some enterprises which are not well managed or want to enhance company’s value will choose to forge financial reports by improper means. In order to find out the false financial reports as accurately as possible, this paper briefly introduced the relevant indicators for judging the fraudulence of financial reports of listed companies and the recognition model of financial reports based on back propagation (BP) neural network. Then the selection of the input relevant indexes was improved. The improved BP neural network was simulated and analyzed in MATLAB software and compared with the traditional BP neural network and support vector machine (SVM). The results showed that the importance of total assets net profit, earnings per share, cash reinvestment rate, operating gross profit and pre-tax ratio of profit to debt was the top 5 among 20 judgment indexes. In the identification of testing samples of financial report, the accuracy, precision, recall rate and F value all showed that the performance of the improved BP neural network was better than that of the traditional BP network and SVM.
Diffraction model of a laser speckle interferometer for measuring micro-displacements of objects with scattering surface
Authors:   Saratov State University, Grizbil B.A. , Maksimova L.A. ,   Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryabukho V.P. ,   Saratov State University,   Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2020

On the basis of diffraction transformations of an optical wave field a mathematical model for the formation of speckle modulated interference patterns and signals at the output of a speckle interferometer is developed, which allows us to identify their properties and quantitative parameters. Speckle interferometers based on a Michelson arrangement are considered, where objects with scattering surfaces are used instead of mirrors in the reference and object arms. Results of numerical simulation of speckle modulated interference patterns on the basis of diffraction transformations of wave fields in an interferometer are discussed. Simulated images obtained at the output of the interferometer when focusing laser beams on the scattering surfaces of the controlled and reference objects are considered. Experimental results of using a speckle interferometer with a digital matrix photodetector for measuring the temperature micro-displacements of an object with a scattering surface and a quantitative comparison of experimental data with the results obtained by a numerical experiment using a diffraction model of a speckle interferometer are presented.
Birth of optical vortices in propagating fields with an original fractional topological charge
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Porfirev A.P. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: September 2020

In contrast to the orbital angular momentum (OAM), which is conserved on free space propagation, the topological charge (TC) of a paraxial optical vortex (OV) is not conserved in the general case. Here, we investigate a Gaussian beam with a fractional TC in the original plane and demonstrate both theoretically and numerically how the TC changes in the course of propagation. Depending on the proximity of the topological charge to an even or odd integer number, an optical vortex with the original fractional TC is shown to behave in a number of different ways. For simple OVs (Laguerre-Gaussian or Bessel-Gaussian modes), TC is conserved both in propagation and after weak phase distortions. An experiment shows that when scattered by a random phase screen, the integer TC of an OV is conserved right up to a random phase variation of π. Therefore, in the case of weak turbulences, it is expedient to measure a discretely varying TC instead of a continuously varying OAM.
Ocena lokalnej polityki mieszkaniowej Łodzi i Krakowa w świetle wybranych aspektów
Authors: Parys Artur Włodzimierz
Published: September 2020

W artykule przedstawiono badanie dotyczące lokalnej polityki mieszkaniowej Łodzi i Krakowa w latach 2006 i 2017. Dokonano analizy porównawczej w zakresie ludności, zasobów mieszkaniowych (w tym lokali socjalnych i komunalnych), stopy bezrobocia, dochodów i wydatków budżetów badanych miast, sytuacji ekonomicznej wyrażonej dochodami budżetowymi na jednego mieszkańca. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz ilościowych pokazują trend zmniejszania się liczby zasobów mieszkaniowych w badanych miastach. W ostatnich latach intensywniej zmniejszają się zasoby mieszkaniowe w Łodzi niż w Krakowie, a struktura własności budynków mieszkalnych Łodzi różni się od struktury budynków mieszkalnych w Krakowie.
Screening Protocol of Propofol Infusion Syndrome
Authors: Muzaiwirin Muzaiwirin , Utariani Arie
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Propofol is often used as sedation for a long time in the ICU. The use is at risk of Propofol Infusion Syndrome (PRIS) which is characterized by arrhythmias or decreased heart function, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure. Literature Review: The pathophysiology of PRIS is due to a disturbance in cell metabolism which inhibits the transport of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) into cells and inhibits the mitochondrial respiration chain. The management of PRIS is supportive of every symptom that arises so that screening is needed as a treatment to reduce high mortality rates. Screening using creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate is supporting data as an initial introduction for symptoms of PRIS. Conclusion: PRIS can occur if continuous administration of propofol > 4 mg / kg / hour. CPK levels> 5000 IU / L become a benchmark to stop propofol before the onset symptoms of PRIS. Implementation of screening protocol is very helpful for clinicians to reduce mortality in ICU due to the use of propofol.
Kewenangan Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara Dalam Pengawasan Sistem Merit
Authors: Wishesa Diasa Inas
Published: September 2020

Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) yang terdiri dari Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) dan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja (PPPK) sebagai profesi yang memiliki tujuan pengabdian pada negara melalui peran penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik dengan mengedepankankan profesionalitas dan integritas dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya serta bersifat netral dan bebas dari intervensi politik. Undang-Undang Kepegawaian dengan perubahan terbaru diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara dengan diamanatkan pula Sistem Merit sebagai sistem yang mendasari pengisian jabatan tinggi secara terbuka dan pelaksanaan sistem tersebut pada seluruh instansi. Dengan adanya Sistem Merit, dibentuklah Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara (KASN) yang memiliki wewenang untuk mengawasi penerapan Sistem Merit dalam kebijakan dan manajemen ASN, juga terhadap pelaksanaan norma dasar, kode etik, dann kode perilaku ASN berdasarkan perolehan kewenangan secara delegasi dari Presiden melaui undang-undang dengan tanggung jawab berada pada penerima delegasi.
Hukum Aspek Pengiriman Barang oleh Perusahaan Jasa Ekspedisi dan Cargo melalui Pengangkutan Laut
Authors: Wicaksono Fadhly
Published: September 2020

Angkutan di perairan adalah kegiatan mengangkut atau memindahkan penumpang atau barang, pengiriman barang oleh Jasa Ekspedisi (forwading) melalui pengangkutan laut menimbulkan hubungan hukum yang bersifat kontraktual dan hubungan yang bersifat pelaku usaha dengan konsumen antara forwading dengan dengan pemilik barang. Forwading berkewajiban untuk memastikan barang yang dikirim melalui pengangkutan laut sampai di tujuan yang sesuai, tepat waktu dan barang tidak mengalami kerusakan. Dalam hal barang yang dikirim tidak sesuai dengan tempat tujuan dan/atau terlambat dan/atau mengalami kerusakan barang maka forwading bertanggung jawab untuk melakukan penggantian kerugian kepada pemilik barang. Oleh karena itu, guna meminimalisir kerugian forwading terhadap penggantian kerugian tersebut, maka forwading dapat menutup barang-brang yang dikirim dengan asuransi. Adapun bentuk asuransinya adalah asuransi muatan kapal laut (marine cargo insurance) dengan cakupan resiko yang menyesuaikan dengan jenis barang yang akan dikirim meliputi TLO (Total Loss Only, Institute Cargo Clause A (ICC A), Institute Cargo Clause B (ICC B)dan/atau Institute Cargo Clause C (ICC C).
Perlindungan Hak Cipta Atas Suara Komentator Dalam Turnamen DOTA 2
Authors: Putra P. R. Vicky Bayu Setyawan
Published: September 2020

Ciptaan dalam bentuk suara tidak diatur secara jelas apakah termasuk bentuk ciptaan yang dapat dilindungi oleh hak cipta menurut ketentuan yang ada di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Hal ini berimbas kepada suara komentator yang ada di dalam turnamen game DOTA 2 yang tidak menemukan kejelasan apakah termasuk ciptaan yang dapat dilindungi oleh Hak Cipta. Valve Corporation sebagai pemilik dari game DOTA 2 mengambil kesempatan dari hal tersebut dan memperjualbelikan suara komentator tanpa sepengetahuan dari komentator yang diambil suaranya tersebut. Valve Corporation yang memperjualbelikan suara tersebut mempunyai peluang unuk dikatakan sebagai pelanggaran di dalam bidang Hak Cipta. Di dalam skripsi ini menggunakan metode penulisan doctrinal research yakni dengan mengacu kepada bahan hukum primer dan sekunder seperti peraturan perundang-undangan. Skripsi ini akan membahas suara komentator dari segi perlindungan Hak Cipta dan akan menganalisis apakah kegiatan jual beli yang dilakukan oleh Valve Corporation termasuk pelanggaran Hak Cipta serta metode penyelesaian sengketa di bidang Hak Cipta.
Interkorelasi antara persentase konsentrat, kadar urea nitrogen susu dan beberapa variabel sapi perah Friesian Holstein
Authors: Rizal Syaiful , Utama Suzanita , Utomo Budi , Susilowati Suherni , Mulyati Sri , Ismudiono Ismudiono , Soeharsono Soeharsono
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation among the percentage of feed concentrate, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), milk production, services per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI), and days open (DO) of Holstein Friesian cows on smallholder farms. Twenty four, 4-6 year old, non-pregnant, lactating cows, with body condition score (BCS) 5-7, having given birth 2-5 times were recorded their daily milk production, S/C, CI, DO, and the percentage of concentrate in feed given. Milk samples were collected to measure MUN. The correlation calculation among the six variables resulted 15 correlation values, ten of which were not significantly different (p >0.05), including the correlation between the percentage of concentrate and milk production on MUN. The other five correlation values were significantly different (p <0.05). The increase in concentrate intake was moderately correlated (r = 0.52), affecting 27.04% of the increase in milk production, and weakly correlated (r = 0.39), affecting 15.21% of the increase in S/C. The increase in milk production had a very strong correlation (r = 0.82), affecting 67.24% of the increase in S/C. The increase in S/C had a strong correlation (r = 0.61), affecting 37.21% of the increase in CI. The increase in CI was also affected 38.44% by the increase in milk production with a strong correlation (r = 0.62). It could be concluded that dairy cows with higher feed concentrate intake would be followed by an increase in milk production, but had a negative effect on reproduction in the form of increased S/C and CI.
Effect of Short Period Simultaneous Stimulation of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Occupational Therapy to Motor Function of Upper Extremity in Stroke Subject
Authors: Utomo Adrian , Wardhani I Lukitra , Pawana I Putu Alit
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjective: Stroke could cause upper extremity motor function disturbances that may affect to quality of life. The affected brain has an ability to get recovery by neuroplasticity process. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive modality that could induce brain neuroplasticity Goal: To determine the effect of tDCS stimulation on recovery of upper extremity motor function in subacute ischaemic stroke patient. Methods: 22 stroke patients included in inclusion criteria, divided into 2 groups, control group and intervention group. Control group had occupational therapy for 5 days consecutively and intervention group had occupational therapy and tDCS stimulation simultaneously for 5 days consecutively. Upper extremity motor function was evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before and after the treatment. Results: Significant improvement of FMA score on control group (p=0,018) and intervention group (p=0,000). Comparison of the result after the treatment revealed that the intervention group showed more significant improvement in FMA score than the control group (p=0,000). Conclusion: Application of tDCS stimulation on occupational therapy simultaneously showed improvement of upper extremity motor function in subacute ischaemic stroke patient better than only occupational therapy. Key Words: Transcranial direct current stimulation, occupational therapy, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, upper extremity motor function, subacute ischemic stroke.
STUDI PENGOLAHAN MINERAL ZIRCON (ZrO²) MENJADI ZIRCONIA PADA PT KALIMANTAN ZIRCON INDUSTRI DI DESA GOHONG KECAMATAN KAHAYAN HILIR KABUPATEN PULANG PISAU
Authors: Abbas Abbas , Triantoro Agus , Riswan Riswan
Published: September 2020

Konsentrat zircon di PT Kalimantan Zircon Industri diproses melalui metode pengolahan gravity consentration menggunakan meja goyang, magnetic separation, dan elektrostatic separation. PT Kalimantan Zircon Industri menarget produksi sebanyak 80 ton per hari pada shif siang  mulai pukul (07.00 – 16.00 WIB) dan shif malam (16.00 – 01.00 WIB).Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan dan mengkompilasi data tersebut dengan literatur berdasarkan teori yang berkaitan dengan pengolahan bahan galian khususnya mineral zircon menjadi zirconia. Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 7 Tahun 2012 tanggal 6 Februari 2012 mengamanatkan bahwa pelaku usaha yang bergelut di bidang pengolahan mineral zircon diwajibkan melakukan peningkatan nilai tambah mineral melaui pengolahan dan pemurnian dengan kadar mineral zirconia berupa produk akhir 65,6 %. Rangkaian proses pengolahan ini dimulai dari pengolahan pada sluice box, meja goyang,  magnetic separation, dan elektrostatic separation dan pengulangan pengolahan pada pada sluice box, meja goyang, magnetic separation, dan elektrostatic separation serta mengkaitkan pengaruh kecepatan air tipis pada permukaan meja goyang dan peningkatan feed dalam pencapaian target produksi 80 ton per hari dan menganalisid hubungan pencapaian target produksi tersebut dengan feed, material balance dan  recovery.Dari hasil penelitian, sebanyak 86 ton material pasir zircon diperlukan untuk mendapatkan konsentrat zirconia 81,8 ton per hari, dengan kecepatan feed 2,384 kg/m, recovery 76,3 %, kecepatan aliran tipis air pada permukaan meja goyang 3,164 m/s, dan volume fluida 48,675 m/s. Kata-kata kunci : feed, konsentrat, pengolahan, zircon
The Impact of Sex on Changes in Plasma Corticosterone and Cotinine Levels Induced by Nicotine in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Nguyen Khoa , Kanamori Keiko , Hamid Abdul , Lutfy Kabirullah
Published: September 2020

We assessed if there were any sex-related differences in the ability of nicotine to increase plasma corticosterone secretion after single or repeated nicotine administration. For single-dose studies, male and female mice were habituated to the test room for 1 h and injected with saline or nicotine (0.25 or 1 mg/kg, s.c.). In repeated-dosing studies, mice were injected with saline or nicotine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) once daily for six days, and, on day 7, received nicotine (1 mg/kg, s.c.). The mice were euthanized 15 min later, and trunk blood was collected for the measurement of corticosterone, nicotine, and cotinine. Our results showed that saline or nicotine each significantly increased plasma corticosterone levels in both male and female mice, with a greater response in female mice. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased in male but not female mice after repeated compared to single nicotine administration. The level of cotinine, a biomarker of nicotine use, was significantly higher in female than in male mice. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that female mice responded to nicotine and stress of handling more than male mice and provide for the first-time quantitative data on the male-female differences in nicotine-induced elevations of corticosterone and of cotinine.
Narrative Study of Shariah Hospitals in Indonesia: A Review of Islamic Brand Communities Innovation for Health Care
Authors: Sulistiadi Wahyu , Rahayu Sri , Veruswati Meita , Asyary Al
Published: September 2020

The Ministry of Health evaluates hospital management in accordance with the standard of quality of service. The concept of Shariah hospitals offers management services that exceed the standard of quality of hospital care. The study aims to illustrate the concept of Shariah hospitals in Indonesia. We collect related literature from various media via online search with the keywords “Shariah hospitals,” “implementation of Shariah hospitals,” and “application of Shariah hospitals.” Main findings: The study finds that the Shariah hospitals built by the philosophy of Islam are willing to provide the best health-care services to patients. A code of conduct must be fulfilled by the hospital management in Shariah hospitals: (1) general liability, (2) obligations to society and the environment, (3) obligations to patients, (4) obligations to the leaders, staff, and employees, and (4) relationships with related institutions. The foremost challenges include the improvement of health personnel performance and the quality of services in addition to perceptions that are not inclusive of the system of Shariah hospitals. This implementation should run consistently and with the commitment of all parties. Such insight, in turn, can be counted as an input to an approach to health services, particularly in increasing the performance rates, such as hospital. This study is the first to provide new insight into discussion about shariah hospital by presenting its focuses on Islamic approaches in meeting the quality standards of health services in hospitals so as to obtain more value. However, exclusive principles—Islamization, heterogeneity, and the performance of health workers—challenge the implementation of this hospital system.
Study on the Mechanical Properties of BFRP Tube Confined Concrete Short Columns under Axial Compression
Authors: DING Xindong , Wang Shuqing , Liu Yu , Zheng Zepeng
Published: September 2020

Axial compression tests were carried out on 6 square steel tube confined concrete short columns and 6 BFRP square pipe confined concrete axial compression tests. The concrete strength grades were C30, C40, and C50. The test results show that the failure modes of steel pipe and BFRP pipe are obviously different, and the BFRP pipe undergoes brittle failure. Compared with the short columns of concrete confined by BFRP pipes, the ultimate bearing capacity of axial compression is increased by -76.46%, -76.01%, and -73.06%, and the ultimate displacements are -79.20%, -80.78%, -71.71%.
Automatic Segmentation of White Matter Hyperintensities from Brain Magnetic Resonance Images in the Era of Deep Learning and Big Data – A Systematic Review
Authors: Balakrishnan Ramya , Valdes Hernandez Maria , Farrall Andrew
Published: September 2020

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH), of presumed vascular origin, are visible and quantifiable neuroradiological markers of brain parenchymal change. These changes may range from damage secondary to inflammation and other neurological conditions, through to healthy ageing. Fully automatic WMH quantification methods are promising, but still, traditional semi-automatic methods seem to be preferred in clinical research. We systematically reviewed the literature for fully automatic methods developed in the last five years, to assess what are considered state-of-the-art techniques, as well as trends in the analysis of WMH of presumed vascular origin. Method: We registered the systematic review protocol with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number - CRD42019132200. We conducted the search for fully automatic methods developed from 2015 to July 2020 on Medline, Science direct, IEE Explore, and Web of Science. We assessed risk of bias and applicability of the studies using QUADAS 2. Results: The search yielded 2327 papers after removing 104 duplicates. After screening titles, abstracts and full text, 37 were selected for detailed analysis. Of these, 16 proposed a supervised segmentation method, 10 proposed an unsupervised segmentation method, and 11 proposed a deep learning segmentation method. Average DSC values ranged from 0.538 to 0.93, being the highest value obtained from a deep learning segmentation method. Only four studies validated their method in longitudinal samples, and eight performed an additional validation using clinical parameters. Only 8/37 studies made available their method in public repositories. Conclusions: Although deep learning methods reported highly accurate results, we found no evidence that favours them over the more established k-NN, linear regression and unsupervised methods in this task. Data and code availability, bias in study design and ground truth generation influence the wider validation and applicability of these methods in clinical research.
Математическая модель процесса ректификации и выбор порядка разделения многокомпонентных смесей
Authors: Цирлин Анатолий Михайлович , Tsirlin Anatoliy Mikhailovich , Сукин Иван Андреевич , Sukin Ivan Andreevich , Балунов Александр Иванович , Balunov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: September 2020

На основе уравнений термодинамических балансов построена модель стационарного неравновесного процесса ректификации и показано, что затраты теплоты для
любой фиксированной производительности монотонно связаны с показателями обратимого процесса. Результат использован в алгоритме выбора оптимального порядка разделения многокомпонентных смесей по критерию минимума суммарных
затрат теплоты с использованием термического КПД, зависящего от температур
куба и дефлегматора. Предложен алгоритм расчета термического КПД при разделении смеси на фракции.
Моделирование волновых процессов методом динамики частиц
Authors: Суханов Дмитрий Яковлевич , Sukhanov Dmitrii Yakovlevich , Кузовова Анжела Е , Kuzovova Anzhela E
Published: September 2020

Предлагается метод численного моделирования акустических процессов в твeрдых телах, представляя твeрдое тело в виде массива частиц в кубической объeмно-центрированной кристаллической решeтке. Динамика частиц описывается уравнениями движения Ньютона. Показано, что разработанная численная модель позволяет описывать резонансные явления и процесс распространения волн. Проведено сравнение результатов моделирования резонансных частот ультразвукового инструмента предложенным методом и методом конечных элементов в среде COMSOL Multiphysics. Экспериментальное исследование резонансных частот ультразвукового инструмента показало, что численная модель корректно определяет его резонансные частоты.
Maternal Factors on Stunting in Pekanbaru Local Health Center, Indonesia
Authors: Septiani Winda , Harahap Elly Satriani , Ismainar Hetty , Zaman M Kamali , Alamsyah Agus , Maharani Riri
Published: September 2020

Stunting is a health problem by multiple factors (Mother factor, socio-economic factor). The growth retardation (stunting ) was measure by height for age scale which primarily indicates chronic undernutrition. In 2018, the prevalence of stunting in Riau  province was 35%, which was higher than the national prevalence of 30.8%. This was an quanitative with cross sectional analytic deign. The study was conducted in Puskesmas Harapan Raya Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia. The population was all children (4000), sampel was 187 children by systematic random sampling. Research was to analyze independents variable (risk of stunting) to the dependent’s variable (mother’s age, Prity, Mother Parity, Mother’s Height, (Lila) / MUAC (Mid Upper Arm Circumference), Maternal Characteristics (hemoglobin), Tension Mother’s, ANC Visit, Dietary habit, Mother’s child care, Completed immunization, Weight child and Drink for child.) Research results is maternal hemoglobin ​​in pregnancy with a risk category of having a stunting 53.4%, exlusive breastfeeding with a risk category of having a stunting 54.1%, dietary habit  with a risk category of having a stunting 51.3%. Independents variable (Maternal Characteristics (hemoglobin), Exclusive Breastfeeding, Dietary Habis), is a significant association to stunting. The findings from this study will be helpful for programmatic intervention to reduce the stunting.
Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi, dan Fisiologi Tujuh Klon Unggul Kopi Robusta
Authors: Sakiroh Sakiroh , Ibrahim Meynarti Sari Dewi
Published: September 2020

Morphological characterization of superior Robusta coffee plants has been widely studied, but for the anatomical and physiological character is still relatively limited. Result of this characterization is important as a basic information in order to create the new superior varieties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of seven clones of Robusta coffee (SA 203, BP 534, BP 42, BP 409, BP 939, BP 308 and BP 436). The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, West Java, from October to November 2019.  The Completely Randomized Design with 7 Robusta coffee clones as treatments and three replications was used in this study. The variable observed were morphological (leaf area), anatomical (stomata shape and density) and physiological characters (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll). The results showed that the leaf area of the first and third leaves of seven clones of Robusta coffee were relatively uniform. The stomata shape of Robusta coffee leaf is parasitic type (Rubiaceous) type. The SA 203 and BP 409 clones have the fewest stomata contents. The content of chlorophyll a, b, and total in the first and third leaves varies between clones. Chlorophyll content in the basal, middle, and apical leaf were relatively uniform, except clones SA 203 and BP 939 for the first leaf, and SA 203 and BP 436 for third leaf. The correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between leaf area and chlorophyll content.
A Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hospital Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Fu Bin , Wu Zhengjie , Huang Lingtong , Chai Zhaohui , Zheng Peidong , Sun Qinmiao , Gu Silan , Xu Qiaomai , Feng Haiting , Tang Lingling
Published: September 2020

Objective: Through the comparison of the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of hospital human influenza (influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, H3N2, and B) -related and hospitalized avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)-related viral pneumonia patients , find the different between them.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.Results: Human influenza A -related patients in the 35–49-year-old group were more than those with B pneumonia patients (p=0.027), and relatively less in the ≥65-year-old group than B pneumonia patients (p=0.079). The proportion of comorbid condition to human influenza A pneumonia was lower than B pneumonia and H7N9 pneumonia patients (78% vs. 77.8%; p=0.013). The proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), lymphocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase to hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, pulmonary consolidation (odds ratio (OR): 13.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–121.12; p=0.019) and positive bacterial culture (sputum) (OR: 7.71; 95% CI: 2.48–24.03; p<0.001) were independently associated with IMV , while shock (OR: 13.16; 95% CI: 2.06–84.07; p=0.006), white blood cell count >10,000/mm3 (OR: 7.22; 95% CI: 1.47–35.58; p=0.015) and positive bacterial culture(blood or sputum) (OR: 6.27; 95% CI: 1.36–28.85; p=0.018) were independently associated with death in the three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patientsConclusions: Hospital influenza B-related viral pneumonia mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases, while human influenza A pneumonia mainly affects the young adults; however, the mortality was similar. The hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was severer than B pneumonia patients,but milder than H7N9 pneumonia patients. Pulmonary consolidation and positive bacterial culture (sputum) were independently associated with IMV, while shock, white blood cell count >10,000/mm3, and positive bacterial culture (blood or sputum) were independently associated with death to three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.
Cell-specific Characterization of the Placental Methylome
Authors: Yuan Victor , Hui Desmond , Yin Yifan , Peñaherrera Maria , Beristain Alexander , Robinson Wendy
Published: September 2020

Background: DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing the placental methylome. However, previous studies have focused primarily on whole placental tissue, which is a mixture of epigenetically distinct cell populations. Here, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of first trimester (n=9) and term (n=19) human placental samples of four cell populations: trophoblasts, Hofbauer cells, endothelial cells, and stromal cells, using the Illumina EPIC methylation array, which quantifies DNAm at >850,000 CpGs.Results: The most distinct DNAm profiles were those of placental trophoblasts, which are central to many pregnancy-essential functions, and Hofbauer cells, which are a rare fetal-derived macrophage population. Cell-specific DNAm occurs at functionally-relevant genes, including genes associated with placental development and preeclampsia. Known placental-specific methylation marks, such as those associated with genomic imprinting, repetitive element hypomethylation, and placental partially methylated domains, were found to be more pronounced in trophoblasts and often absent in Hofbauer cells. Lastly, we characterize the cell composition and cell-specific DNAm dynamics across gestation.Conclusions: Our results provide a comprehensive analysis of DNAm in human placental cell types from first trimester and term pregnancies. This data will serve as a useful DNAm reference for future placental studies, and we provide access to this data via download from dbGAP (phs002013.v1.p1), through interactive exploration from the web browser (https://robinsonlab.shinyapps.io/Placental_Methylome_Browser/), and through the R package planet, which allows estimation of cell composition directly from placental DNAm data.
Reflecting on the Challenges encountered by nurses at the great Kermanshah Earthquake: A qualitative study
Authors: Abdi Alireza , -Raygani Aliakbar Vaisi , Najafi Bahareh , saidi Hamid , moradi khalil
Published: September 2020

Background: Iran has experienced an increasing number of earthquake disasters in the past three decades. Nurses are the largest group of healthcare providers that play an important role in responding to disasters. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the nursing challenges to provide care to the injured in the Kermanshah earthquake, Iran. Methods: The present study was conducted as a qualitative conventional content analysis, and data collection was carried out through 16 semi‑structured and in‑depth interviews with the nurses involved in providing care to the injured in the Kermanshah earthquake. The data were analyzed following Graneheim and Lundman’s approach.Results: Data analysis led to the emergence of 453 primary codes, 14 subcategories, and 5 categories. The five categories were as follows: (a) organizational and managerial challenges; (b) human resources; (c) infrastructure; (d) educational system; (e) and ethical.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that nurses faced several challenges in providing care to earthquake victims. Based on these findings, better educational management and planning, infrastructure reform, and establishment of a crisis nursing national team seem necessary.
[18F]VUIIS1009B Features a Superior Imaging Performance to [18F]DPA-714 in TSPO Density Characterization for Neuroinflammatory PET Imaging
Authors: Huang Chen , Ding Fan , Hao Yong , Hu Zhoumi , Wang Cheng , Li Wei , Wang Mengxin , Peng Wenxian , Tang Dewei
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Translocator protein (TSPO), an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, is regarded as a key biomarker for neuroinflammation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aim to evaluate two highly specific TSPO radiotracers [18F]VUIIS1009A and [18F]VUIIS1009B in a mild cerebral ischemic rat model, and to compare their in vivo performance to the well-established TSPO probe [18F]DPA-714 for neuroinflammation imaging. With multiple graphic analytical methods tested and macro parameters determined, we propose to find a suitable and best quantification method to profile neuroinflammation and measure TSPO density with the three TSPO radiotracers.Methods: Cerebral ischemia rat model was created and imaged using [18F]VUIIS1009A, [18F]VUIIS1009B and [18F]DPA-714. Displacement studies using non-radioactive analogs were performed to evaluate the binding specificities of [18F]VUIIS1009A and [18F]VUIIS1009B individually. Imaging analysis using arterial plasma input functions (AIFs) was employed to generate Logan plots and parametric images of total distribution volume (VT) for each radiotracer. Reference Logan model using contralateral brain as a reference region was introduced to generate parametric images for binding potential (BPND). Results: When compared to [18F]DPA-714, [18F]VUIIS1009B demonstrated higher binding potential (BPND) and distribution volume ratio (DVR). Parameter images of BPND and VT also indicate [18F]VUIIS1009B has a superior imaging profile with higher BPND and DVR when compared with other two radiotracers in TSPO imaging. Correlation analysis between BPND for [18F]VUIIS1009B and [18F]DPA-714 also indicates [18F]VUIIS1009B is more sensitive than [18F]DPA-714 in TSPO density measurement.Conclusions: This study demonstrates the superiority of [18F]VUIIS1009B to [18F]VUIIS1009A and [18F]DPA-714 in the neuroinflammation imaging. It also demonstrates that [18F]VUIIS1009B PET imaging coupled with parameter mapping (VT and BPND) and graphic analysis using Logan analysis and reference Logan analysis holds great promise for neuroinflammation characterization and TSPO density measurement.
Evaluating the antimicrobial resistance patterns and MDR frequency in Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical specimens taken from patients in Iran: 2017–2019
Authors: Bazgir Zahra Norouzi , Gholami Mehrdad , Goli Hamid Reza
Published: September 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and frequency of MDR strains in E. coli isolated from patients in two hospitals of Iran. In this descriptive-analytical study, 13322 clinical specimens were collected from two teaching hospitals. The E. coli isolates were identified using standard bacteriological methods. Then, the resistance patterns of the isolates were analyzed by disk agar diffusion method according to the CLSI.Results Out of 13322 clinical samples, 964 (7.23%) isolates of E. coli were identified. In both hospitals, high resistance to ampicillin and cefalexin was presented in 621 (64.4%) and 402 (41.7%) isolates, respectively. The highest antibiotic resistance was observed in burn unit, burn ICU and burn restoration section, while all 8 strains which were isolated from the neonatal-ICU, were sensitive to all tested antibiotics except cefalexin, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, and ampicillin. Also, the bacteria isolated from urine, wound, stool, and blood samples were resistant to all tested antibiotics. Increased resistance to different antibiotics in burn hospital has created increasing concern. Very high resistance to some antibiotics indicates that these drugs are misused in therapeutic centers and highlights that infection control measures should be arranged in the ICUs of our hospitals.