bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of changes in hygiene indices in patients after surgical preparation of the cell appendix and orthopedic treatment
Authors:   Kyiv International University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stupnitsky I-O. , Stupnytskyi R. ,   Kyiv International University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Resume. The aim of our work was to carry out a detailed assessment of the periodontal tissues in patients 1, 3 and 6 months after surgical preparation for orthopedic treatment by determining hygienic indices. The obtained results indicate that the overall level of hygiene is significantly higher compared to the state before treatment. The hygiene indicators in the groups of patients did not differ significantly, which is proof of the absence of a direct influence of this factor on the index and laboratory indicators of periodontal tissue and the activity of the inflammatory process. A detailed study of the set of indicators proves the high efficiency of treatment of patients with lumpy particle defects based on a sophisticated method of chiropractor preparation with the extraction of an autograft from the extracted tooth, namely a sliver of autogenous mineralized dentin. The proposed method of reconstructive chiropractic makes it possible to significantly shorten the treatment time, reduce the cost of chiropractic training and, most importantly, to increase the possibilities of further orthopedic treatment, improve its quality, and increase the speed of operation of the corresponding orthopedic surgeons constructions. Key words: dentition defect, implant, bridge prosthesis, periodontium, hygienic index, tissue defect, cellular process, surgical preparation, bone-plastic material.
Lysozyme content in mixed saliva in the dynamics of treatment of patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in the presence of galvanic pathology in the oral cavity
Authors:   National University of Health Care of Ukraine named after P.L. Shupyka, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tymofieiev O. , Cherednichenko A. ,   National University of Health Care of Ukraine named after P.L. Shupyka, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Purpose: to determine the level of lysozyme in mixed saliva in the dynamics of treatment of patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in the presence of galvanic pathology in the oral cavity. Methods: 56 examined with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis were divided into two observation groups, who underwent immunological and general clinical examination methods. Results: 28 patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, no changes in the level of lysozyme in mixed saliva were observed in the presence of galvanism (compensated and decompensated forms) in the oral cavity. 28 patients with a concomitant disease in the oral cavity, galvanism (atypical and typical forms) was found to be a long-term decrease in the level of lysozyme in mixed saliva. Conclusions: Based on the examination of 56 patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in the presence of galvanic pathology in the oral cavity, it was found that in the case of galvanosis, there is a decrease in local nonspecific resistance of the body, that is, a temporary immunodeficiency, which leads to the development of inflammatory complications in the periosteal soft tissues and in the bone wound of the jaw. Key words: chronic maxillary sinusitis, maxillary sinus, galvanic pathology, saliva, lysozyme, galvanism, galvanosis, metal inclusions, inflammation, osteomyelitis.
Intervention Proposal: Using Lego in Collaborative Play as an Intervention for Intergenerational Trauma in Chinese-Canadian Families
Authors: Hou Huiqiao
Published: September 2024

Intergenerational trauma is traumatic events experienced by ancestors which passed down through generations of descendants. While there has been published literature on intergenerational trauma, there lies a gap for culturally appropriate interventions for immigrant families that experience this type of trauma. This intervention proposal aims to utilise published research as well as Lego in therapy to bridge the gap in cross-cultural psychology by creating a treatment intervention for immigrant families experiencing intergenerational trauma, more specifically, Chinese immigrant families. Participant criterium are immigrant families with one or more children between the ages of eight to twelve-years-old and can commit to a minimum of 18 consecutive weekly sessions at two hours per week in a supervised therapeutic setting with a trauma-informed mental health professional. Sessions are divided into two interview sessions, 12 pre-determined Lego building tasks with increasing difficulty, and four free-building sessions. The supervising professional will conduct pre- and post- intervention interviews to assess the participants’ baselines, promote constructive and concise communication during sessions, and debriefing with the family after each session. Expected outcomes of this Lego intervention for immigrant families experiencing intergenerational trauma are improved interpersonal communication skills, increased levels of trust, a better recognition of emotions with higher levels of emotion regulation skills, and living in a healthier family environment.
AI-Enhanced Cross-Cultural Competence in STEM Education
Authors: Chen Xiuli , Ma Longnan , Su Dengfei , Zhang Yuanyan , Liu Xueling , Xin Jingwen , Li Lihui , Ryoo Joohan
Published: September 2024

Cross-cultural competence (CCC) is leaders' most critical skill set in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education because it can help them effectively manage cultural diversity. The research provides insights into the potential of AI to foster more inclusive and culturally aware educational environments for STEM students using a theory that combines Constructivism and Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT).  The study discusses two research questions: (1) How can AI-driven tools be used in STEM education to enhance cross-cultural sensitivity and communication? (2) What is the impact of AI-facilitated reflective practices on students' self-awareness of cultural biases? This research shows how AI-based language translators and cultural simulations enable learners to adapt to different cultures. According to Constructivism, learning occurs when learners actively construct their knowledge from experiences towards cultural sensitivity, understanding, and respecting other cultures while reducing stereotypes. CHAT, on its part, views AI as aligning with AI as one of the artifacts or tools that are at the disposal of human beings in order to facilitate social interaction; thus, it has the potential to enhance intercultural communication where verbal cues are not only linguistic but also non-verbal. A total of 228 respondents were reached through surveys, resulting in preliminary results showing improved CCC due to accommodative devices such as culturally-specific software simulations or language translators employing AI models. This study adds value to the existing literature by presenting empirical evidence of how AI can foster CCC in STEM education. It highlights the imperative of AI's theoretical and practical applications in educational curricula.
Mental Fitness and its Relationship to Achievement for Professional Players in the Palestinian Soccer League
Authors: Qady Aseel , Dareghmeh Oday , Abubshara Jamal
Published: September 2024

The current study aimed to know the mental fitness and its relationship to achievement among the players of the professional soccer league in Palestine, and to achieve the objectives of the study the descriptive analytical approach was used. the researchers designed a questionnaire based on previous studies. It was distributed to stratified random sample consisted of (121) male soccer players from professional clubs, and the study sample was chosen in a stratified random manner, due to its suitability to the nature of the current study. SPSS program was used to analyze the results of the respondents’ responses, and the study concluded that there is a high mental fitness in all its fields (the ability to imagine, mental preparation, self-confidence, dealing with anxiety, the ability to focus, motivation, focus and decision-making and the total score),among professional players and similar regardless of the player's position on the field, the study also showed that the players of the clubs that occupied the top ranks have ahigher level of mental fitness. The researchers suggested the necessary of taking care of mental skills and trying to develop them to raise the level of achievement motivation for soccer players, and the need to pay attention to training mental perception of players, and conduct research on the relationship of mental perception with other soccer skills.
The Effectiveness of Centella asiatica Extract and Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Levels of Amyloid Beta-42 and Phosphorylated Tau in Older Women with Dementia
Authors: Fitriana Lisna Anisa , Adnyana I Ketut , Anggadiredja Kusnandar , Setiawan Iwan , Theresa Ria Maria , Luu Puu Taa
Published: September 2024

Urgency: Effect of Centella asiatica (CA) and aerobic exercise on Amyloid beta-42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) as biomarkers of dementia is not yet known. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of CA, aerobic exercise, and their combination on Aβ42 and p-tau in older women with dementia. Design: It was a 24-week randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Partisipant: Subjects were divided into four groups: the Centella asiatica group (CA, 1x500 mg/day, n = 16), the aerobic exercise group (AE, 3x60 minutes/week, n = 16), the CA-AE combination group (1x500 mg/day and exercise, n = 15), and the placebo group (n = 15). Instruments: The dementia screening test used the Mini Mental State Examination (Intraclass correlation coefficients : ranging from 0.60 to 0.93, sensitivity of 88.3%) and Clinical Dementia Rating questionnaires (sensitivity 93.6% and specificity 100%). The Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Plasma amyloid beta-42 showed an increase in all groups: CA (p<0.001), AE (p=0.001), CA-AE combination (p<0.001), and placebo (p<0.001). Meanwhile, plasma p-tau also decreased in CA (p<0.001), AE (p<0.001), and CA-AE combination (p=0.001). The Mann-Whitney test showed that Centella asiatica caused the highest increase in Aβ42 (∆=233.5; p<0.001). Conclusion: This study indicate that Centella asiatica, aerobic exercise, and the CA-AE combination were effective in improving plasma Aβ42 and decreasing p-tau in older women with dementia. Contributions: This study can be an alternative therapy for the prevention and treatment of cognitive decline. Research with a larger sample size is recommended.
Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet , Faızı Zaki Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Türkiye has many local pear cultivars; some of them do not have much production and propagation potential due to their low quality and undesirable vegetative and generative characteristics. However, those that are superior in terms of fruit quality and yield characteristics have found a place for themselves in both local and national markets. In this respect, the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotype, which is an important local cultivar, is an ideal cultivar with many features and has a high potential to spread its cultivation all over Türkiye and other countries. ‘Samsun Güzeli’ is an autumn genotype, can easily meet the high demand in local and international markets due to its attractive color, smooth fruit shape and high quality. Despite all these valuable features, this cultivar is still not well known in Türkiye. There is a great need to disseminate cultivation and research on this subject. This study mainly aimed to reveal the phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ local pear genotype grafted on BA29, a commercially traded rootstock in 2021-2022. The results showed that the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ pear genotype completed its phenological cycle in 255 days in 2021 and 228 days in 2022 in Samsun climatic conditions. Fruit set rate of the genotype was 12.05% and the average yield was 17306.23 kg ha-1. It was also determined that the morphological characteristics averages were as the following; rootstock diameter 76.71 mm, trunk diameter 61.97 mm, trunk cross-sectional area 34.06 cm2, tree height 253.12 cm, canopy volume 0.96 m3, annual shoot length 37.19 cm and leaf area 11.74 cm2. Averages values of pomological and chemical properties recorded as the following; fruit weight 114.60 g, fruit volume 109.90 ml, soluble solid content (SSC) 13.16%, acidity 0.33%, and pH 4.37. In the sensory evaluations, the highest scores were obtained by juiciness (6.32) in the year 2022 while scores of overall visual quality were lowest in both years. In conclusion, it can be said that the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotype performs adequately in terms of fruit yield and quality on the standard dwarf rootstock and conducting new studies might be beneficial to disseminate the genotype.
Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Native Phalaenopsis Orchids: A Case Study of Indonesian Archipelago
Authors: Mursyidin Dindin Hidayatul , Firnanda Muhammad Riyan
Published: September 2024

The native Phalaenopsis is valuable germplasm for future orchid breeding programs and for its conservation because it provides many beneficial traits or genes. This study aimed to determine and analyze the molecular diversity and phylogeny of Indonesian native Phalaenopsis by a DNA barcoding (matK) marker. A total of 19 samples of Phalaenopsis orchids were used in this study. All leaf samples of orchid were extracted and purified using a commercial DNA isolation kit from Geneaid Biotech Ltd., Taiwan (GP100). The DNAs were then amplified by specific matK primers: Forward (5’-CGTACAGTACTTTTGTGTTTACGAG-3’) and Reverse (5’-ACCCAGTCCATCTGGAAATCTTGGTTC-3’). The DNA targets or products (matK) were purified and sequenced by the Sanger-bidirectional method at 1st Base Ltd., Malaysia. Before further analysis, the matK sequences of Phalaenopsis were edited, reconstructed, and aligned with the assistance of Clustal W in the MEGA 11 software. Its genetic diversity was determined using the nucleotide diversity index (π%), and the phylogenetic analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood (ML) method with a statistical bootstrap. The phylogenetic relationship was also assessed using principal component analysis (PCA). Based on this marker, the native Phalaenopsis has a high genetic diversity (π% = 1.70). In addition, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that this germplasm was separated into seven clades, where P. pantherina has the closest relation to P. cornu-cervi and P. gigantea. Conversely, the highest genetic distance was to P. amabilis from South Kalimantan and to P. celebensis from Sulawesi, at a coefficient divergence of 0.084. Our findings provide an essential foundation for supporting future orchid breeding practices, including conservation, on local and global scales.
Assessment of Different Cucurbit Genotypes for Resistance to Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV)
Authors: Dalda Şekerci Akife , Temur Çınar Cemile , Ünlü Emel , Fidan Hakan , Yetişir Halit
Published: September 2024

Members of the Cucurbitaceae family, which includes species with quite different characteristics, have been used for food, medicine, and ornamental purposes for a long time. However, most plant diseases and pests cause yield and quality losses in cucurbits, and one of the most important of these diseases is zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), which one of the most common potyviruses worldwide and causes serious yield losses in cucurbit production worldwide. Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus shows symptoms such as yellowing, mottling, curling, deformation, mosaic, shortening and thickening of the internodes, and may also cause loss of yield and quality. As widely known, there is no effective chemical control of viral diseases, and the use of resistant or tolerant varieties is the most effective solution. In this study, 92 watermelon genotypes, 14 zucchinis (pumpkin seeds) and 29 ornamental pumpkins collected from different parts of Türkiye were tested against ZYMV. Symptoms of ZYMV in different watermelon genotypes and pumpkins were observed for 21 days. Genotypes showing systemic infection after inoculation were evaluated on a scale of 0-5. Also, RT-PCR studies were carried out on selecting nine symptomless control plants, seven ZYMV-sensitive genotypes showing 5-scale value, one genotype with 1-scale value considered tolerant, and one genotype belongs to C. lanatus var. citroides. According to the results, it was determined that some watermelon and ornamental pumpkin genotypes could be considered as tolerant. Watermelon, which was having accession number PI560016, was found resistant to Turkish local strain of ZYMV. Although different susceptibility levels were detected between watermelon genotypes, all pumpkin genotypes were discovered to be susceptible to the Turkish local strain of ZYMV.
An evaluation of the Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Fauna of Türkiye and the New Record of Aneuclis incidens (Thomson, 1889) for the Province of Bingöl (Karlıova)
Authors: Çoruh Saliha , Dalan Medeni
Published: September 2024

The present study was undertaken to examine of the subfamily Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Türkiye. The Tersilochinae, one of the 47 subfamilies are a worldwide subfamily of the parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae. This subfamily, are koinobiont endoparasitoids of Coleoptera larvae, (although Symphyta larvae are recorded as hosts of one genus). Hosts include Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae so Tersilochinae are used for biological control. Tersilochinae species constituting the study were collected from parts of Türkiye between 1995-2022. At the same time, the study also added before 1995 literature information. 42 species from genera of Aneuclis, Barycnemis, Diaparsis (Diaparsis), Diaparsis (Nanodiaparsis), Gelanes, Heterocola (Heterocola), Heterocola (Heterocoloides), Phradis, Probles (Euporizon), Probles (Microdiaparpis), Probles (Probles), Tersilochus (Gonolochus) and Tersilochus (Tersilochus) have been identified from Türkiye so far. The study consist of 217 samples. Among these species, Heterocola (Heterocola) longipalpis Kolarov & Beyarslan is endemic for Türkiye at now. With this, Heterocola (Heterocola) nigrotibialis Horstmann and Kolarov, Tersilochus (Gonolochus) rugulosus Horstmann, Tersilochus (Gonolochus) nitens Horstmann & Kolarov and Tersilochus (Tersilochus) cognatus Holmgren are rare species for Türkiye. Again, Probles (Microdiaparpis) Horstmann is dense in terms of number samples, Phradis Förster and Tersilochus (Tersilochus) Holmgren are dense in terms of number species. Among the species determined, Probles (Microdiaparpis) anatolicus Horstmann, Aneuclis incidens (Thomson) and Barycnemis harpura (Schrank) were recorded the most abundant species in research areas. In addition to all this, species composition has created for each species and new location information of this subfamily has been added. Bingöl (Karlıova) provinces is the new locality for this subfamily.
Contribution of Sweetpotato Production to Economic Empowerment of Farming Households in Niger-Delta Area of Nigeria
Authors: Oyıbo Ogheneakpobor , Odebode Stella O.
Published: September 2024

Many farming households in Nigeria are deprived, and poor, hence, the need for economic empowerment intervention. Sweetpotato production, due to its short cycle and low input requirement could be projected on a larger scale for farming households’ economic empowerment. However, data regarding ability of sweetpotato farming for farming households’ economic empowerment is scarce. Therefore, farming households’ sweetpotato production and economic empowerment in Nigeria’s Niger-Delta Area was investigated. 364 sweetpotato farming households were chosen through a five-stage sample process. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, T-test, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data that interview schedule was used to collect. Most respondents were female and aged 42.7±11.9 years. Farm size; farming experience; and income from sweetpotato, other crops, and non-crop livelihood activities were 2.6±3.4 hectares; 17.2±12.4 years; and ₦1,327,723.0±1,639,414.0 yearly, ₦2,385,815.0±2,615,273.0 yearly, and ₦1,828,004.0±2,336,270.0 yearly, respectively. The sweetpotato production and economic empowerment were low and high amongst farming households, respectively. Age, farm size and income from sweet potato were significantly related to economic empowerment. The economic empowerment status of high and low sweetpotato producers differed significantly. Between farming households with low and high income from sweetpotato production, their economic empowerment status significantly differed. Farming households’ economic empowerment was mostly predicted by farming experience; and income from sweetpotato, and non-crop livelihood activities. Sweetpotato production influenced farming households' ability to prosper economically. Agricultural policies oriented towards improving economic empowerment should be promoted to emphasize increased sweetpotato production.
Determination of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Cell-Free Supernatant (CFSKC27L) and Exopolysaccharide (EPSKC27L) obtained from Ligilactobacillus salivarius KC27L
Authors: Çelik Kübra , Yuksekdag Zehranur , Çınar Acar Berat , Kara Filiz
Published: September 2024

Twenty-six lactic acid bacteria were obtained from poultry feces sampled located in the Ankara area (Türkiye) and belong to the Lactobacillus genus according to the results obtained by biochemical methods. This study screened these isolates for exopolysaccharides (EPS) production. EPS production was detected in these isolates, varying from 8 mg L-1 to 353 mg L-1. The highest EPS-producing isolate (KC27L) was selected for further studies. The isolate was identified as Ligilactobacillus salivarius by 16S rRNA analysis. Furthermore, the anti-biofilm and antioxidant abilities of the cell-free supernatant (CFSKC27L) and different concentrations (0.5 mg L-1 and 1 mg L-1) of EPS belonging to the KC27L strain (EPSKC27L) that exhibited high EPS production were determined. CFSKC27 and different concentrations (0.5 mg L-1 and 1 mg mL-1) of EPSKC27L determined the anti-biofilm impact on Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Staphylococcus aureus EB-1. The highest anti-biofilm effect in 1 mg mL-1 EPSKC27L was detected at E. coli ATCC 11229 with 87 % inhibition. Three different methods (1.1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) removal impact, Fe2+ ion chelating and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity) designated antioxidant activity. The highest 1.1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) removal impact, Fe2+ ion chelating, and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity were found in 1 mg mL-1 EPSKC27L (79.6%, 24.9%, and 61.6%, respectively). Both anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities of 1 mg mL-1 EPSKC27L were higher than postbiotic. Finally, its molecular characterization was done following the partial purification of the EPSKC27L. The EPSKC27L has two fractions with molecular weights of 1.6x103 and 6.4 x104 Da. Monosaccharide components of EPSKC27L were found to be glucose (53.1%), fructose (18.5%), arabinose (14.6%) and mannose (13.8%). CFSKC27L and EPSKC27L obtained from L. salivarius can be antioxidants and anti-biofilm agents.
Effect of Flood on Poverty Status: Evidence from Sugar cane Farmers in Kwara State and Osun State of Nigeria
Authors: Adewale Elizabeth , Akinsola Grace , Ayinde Opeyemi
Published: September 2024

In Nigeria, sugarcane is a prominent crop and the primary crop used to produce sugar. However, floods have been a major tragedy that has troubled Nigeria's small-scale farmers. The bulk of rural poor people are these small-scale farmers, and as poverty rates have been rising over time, corrective action is required. This study was therefore carried out to assess the poverty status of sugar cane farming households (affected by flood, and unaffected by flood) in Kwara/Osun State of Nigeria. The study employed two-stage sampling technique to select 120 sugarcane farming households in the study area. Descriptive statistics, the Flood Loss Estimation, Logit Regression and Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) are the empirical analytical tools employed to analyze the data collected for the study. The results of the poverty index analysis revealed that 46 percent of the respondents are relatively poor, the poverty depth was 0.16 which implies that 16 percent were below the poverty line and the poverty severity was 0.07 which implies that 7 percent of the respondents were severely poor. Also, it revealed that flood shocks, gender, household size, household income, access to credit and membership to social organization were significant determinants of poverty. The study then came to the conclusion that many coping mechanisms people employ are corrosive because they have detrimental long-term implications on the sustainability of household subsistence. For future risk assessments and flood mitigation, the study advises using a holistic strategy and adept models. The remedies outlined in this paper would help the government, private sector, and sugar cane farmers economically.
A New Perspective on Türkiye's Sheep Population: Classification with Decision Trees
Authors: Kandemir Çağrı , Takma Çiğdem , Taşkın Turgay
Published: September 2024

Decision trees are data mining algorithms that make interpreting the cause-effect relationship or classification between features with visual diagrams easy and do not require parametric assumptions. The aim of this study is to classify different sheep breeds raised in Turkey according to their origin and tail structure characteristics using a decision tree algorithm. It has been seen that the CART (Classification and Regression Trees) algorithm is sufficient for the classification of sheep breeds by obtaining low-risk values. According to the results of the study, it is seen that domestic sheep breeds are distributed to Eastern Anatolia, Mediterranean, Black Sea, and Central Anatolia Regions and imported breeds are distributed to all regions of Türkiye. The total population of these breeds was determined as 43.889.918 heads. As it can be understood, the Akkaraman breed ranks first with a rate of 40.88% of the total sheep stock. Next comes the Morkaraman breed with a rate of 11.68%. Thirdly, the most cultivated breed is Kıvırcık, whose rate is 8.82%. Merino sheep comes in fourth place with 8.43%. Awassi sheep are among the most common breeds in the fifth place. Hereby the distribution of sheep breeds in Türkiye has also been revealed and the distribution of breeds according to environmental conditions has been determined. The decision tree model generated using the CART algorithm for the distribution of sheep breeds in Turkey based on tail structures has been found to have a value (0.47). The proportion of sheep with a thin tail structure is 52.2%, while those with a semi-fatty tail structure are 17.5%, and those with a fatty tail structure are 30.2%. It has been determined that sheep breeds with thin tails are more commonly raised in Turkey. In the study, a decision tree model was also created using the CART algorithm to analyze the distribution of sheep populations in regions based on their origin, and it was found to have a value (0.26) with an accuracy rate of 74%. According to the research, 73.9% of sheep are domestic, while 26.1% are imported. When examining the distribution of origin by region, the region with the least number of imported sheep is Eastern Anatolia, while the highest proportions are found in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions. The region with the lowest proportion of domestic sheep is the Mediterranean and Black Sea (70.4%), whereas the highest proportion is in the Eastern Anatolia region (82.6%).
The Effect of Heavy Metals in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes for Some Physiological Parameters
Authors: Rusinovci Imer , Aliu Sali , Demirbaş Sefer , Zeka Dukagjin , Jakupi Mimoza
Published: September 2024

The main aim of this study is to identify physiological characteristics, including Chl a, b, total Chl "a+b" and carotenoids, in potato genotypes under the influence of lead (Pb+2) and cadmium (Cd+2) heavy metals. Two potato genotypes from the Netherlands, Riviera and Agria, were used in the study. Potato tubers were transferred to 2 kg compost pots and placed in a controlled environment with a 12 photoperiod, a day/night temperature of 25/19°C and a relative humidity of 75%. Since Pb+2 and Cd+2 poisoning was greater than in the control and different fractions of heavy metal residues in the substrate were transferred to plant organs, the amounts of these two metals in each treatment (outside the control) were measured. Plant pigments were extracted from fresh leaves in amounts ranging from 60 to 100 mg and these were then extracted into samples containing 80/20% (v/v) acetone/water with 0.5% w/v MgCO3 at room temperature for a full day. Photosynthetic pigments of each sample were extracted three times. The absorbances obtained at 663 nm, 644 nm and 452.5 nm for the maximum absorption of Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids, respectively, were used to measure the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids. Differences between Pb+2 and Cd+2 and physiological markers were examined with the Duncan Multiple Range test. Information on Pb+2 and Cd+2 content in applications revealed wide variability. When potato genotype seedlings were exposed to varying levels of Pb+2 and Cd+2, the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids in their leaves was lower than the control group. The results showed that there were significant and statistically significant changes in carotenoid and chlorophyll concentration at the LSD p = 0.01 level. Similar to Pb+2 and Cd+2 inhibiting plant growth, it had a negative effect on photosynthesis as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Moreover, these effects became more pronounced when the concentrations of two stress factors (Pb+2 and Cd+2) increased.
Investigation of Water Quality of the Karasu River in Bilecik Province in terms of Agricultural Irrigation
Authors: Alkan Çayan , Meral Ramazan
Published: September 2024

Together with increasing people's need for water, water needs to be monitored due to the pressure created by factors such as drought and pollution. In this study, water quality was monitored by determining 10 points on the Karasu River in Bilecik Province and it was aimed to examine the seasonal change in water quality. pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, Mg, CO3, HCO3, Cl, B, SO4, Sodium Adsorption Rate (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and %Na parameters were determined in water. And then using these parameters, quality classes were determined with the help of water quality classification systems developed by scientists such as Schofield, Wilcox, Thorne, Doneen and Soifer. The study were temporally diveded into 4 periods. They are period 1, period 2 (Spring), period 3 (Summer) and period 4 (Fall). After all, for the period 3, heavy metal pollution, especially Al, attracts attention. Except for the period 2 of point 7 and period 4 of point 9, the class of all periods and points in terms of sulphate was "Very good (class 1)". According to Schofield (1933 and 1935) systems, point 7 is in particularly bad situation in terms of EC. According to Wilcox (1948), point 7 is not suitable for irrigation in the period 2. At point 7, water pollution in period 2 has been identified as common to most classification systems. According to Christiansen et al. (1977), there is intense pollution in terms of EC and Na2CO3 parameters. According to Soifer (1987), point 2 is the cleanest point. As a result, Karasu river is not suitable for irrigation in terms of Al and B. It was understood that heavy metal pollution did not cause much of a problem in non-industrialized cities such as Bilecik. Besides, it was understood that the most common element among heavy metals was Pb in Karasu River. The SAR and RSC values of all periods, seasons and points were classified as "Very Good-Safe (C1S1)".
The Effects of Restricted and Ad Libitum Milk Feeding on Growth and Health of Calves
Authors: Öztop İbrahim , Özkaya Serkan
Published: September 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing concern among consumers regarding animal welfare and their requirements, leading to an increased interest in exploring new approaches to calf rearing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of milk feeding levels on the growth, feed intake, and blood variables of group-raised calves during the suckling period. Ten Holstein calves, 5 in each group, were used in the study when they were five years old. The calves were acclimated to an automated feeder during the initial 19 days of the experiment, and their initial LWs were recorded after weighing them again. The study concluded upon weaning the calves when they were sixty years old, with a total duration of 36 days The calves in the first group (G1) were provided with a total of 4 L/day of milk replacer, divided into 2 L servings in the morning and evening. Conversely, calves in the second group (G2) were allowed a maximum intake of 12 L/day of milk replacer, mimicking the natural sucking behaviour, with feedings in the morning (05:00-08:00), midday (10:00-13:00), and evening (16:00-20:00). Despite no significant differences in the LW, total and daily LW gains, and body measurements averages between of the groups, calves in G1 consumed more starter feed compared to those in G2 (P
Environmental Valuation of Wastewater Used in Agricultural Production
Authors: Karakayacı Zuhal , Aydın Ebru
Published: September 2024

In recent years, problems related to the adequacy of existing water resources have arisen due to issues such as population growth, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and climate change. Especially in agricultural production where water is used the most, the use of wastewater has become widespread as a solution to this problem. Considering that wastewater may harm the environment due to the substances it contains, it is aimed to make an environmental valuation in this study. In this context, by using the travel cost method used in the valuation of goods without a market, a different approach was brought to this method, as agricultural production is concerned, and an evaluation was made based on producer surplus. In the study, by comparing the agricultural productions with wastewater and well water, 2 hypotheses have been developed about the environmental valuation of wastewater; First, if the producer surplus of agricultural production with wastewater is lower than that of production with well water, there is environmental pollution, and its value is the difference between the two rents. The second hypothesis is that if the producer's surplus with wastewater is high, positive externality will occur as a hypothesis against the negative effects of environmental pollution. By conducting a survey with 125 producers in the research area, the data of 314 parcels in total were included in the analysis, and the producer surplus was calculated by creating the supply function with the regression analysis. As a result of the research, the producer surplus (584.40$) obtained from the agricultural production made by irrigating with wastewater was found to be higher than the producer surplus (553.44$) of the production made by irrigating with well water. In this case, it was concluded that the wastewater irrigated did not affect the environmental pollution, but the positive externality. Although the use of wastewater in agricultural production has made a positive contribution to the economy, it will be beneficial to use it after the necessary treatment processes, considering its harmful effects on human health.
Tekirdağ İli Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinde Buzağı Ölümlerinin Araştırılması
Authors: Önal Ahmet Refik , Macit Onur
Published: September 2024

Sığırcılık işletmelerinde buzağıların yaşama gücü oranı, işletmedeki buzağı ölümleri hakkında bilgi vermekte olup bir işletmede belli bir döneme kadar yaşayan buzağı sayısının canlı doğan buzağı sayısına bölünmesiyle elde edilmektedir. Yeni doğan buzağıların sağlığını ve yaşama gücünü ırk, besleme, iklim, hastalıklar, barınak, hijyen, doğum tipi, cinsiyet gibi unsurlar etkilemektedir. Tekirdağ ilinde süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde buzağı ölümleri ile ilgili yapılan bu çalışma, şansa bağlı seçilen 207 adet süt sığırcılığı işletmesinden yüz yüze yapılan anket yolu ile toplanan veriler değerlendirilerek yapılmıştır. Ankette işletmelerin yapısal özellikleri ve işletme içi uygulamalara değinilerek işletmelerin buzağı bakım, besleme ve ölümleri incelenmiştir. İşletmelerde yetiştirilen toplam hayvan sayılarının %15.9’u 0-5 baş, %26.6’sı 6-10 baş, %31.4’ü 11-20 baş, %18.4’ü 21-30 baş, %7.7’si ise 31 ve üzeri baş olarak tespit edilmiştir. İşletme sahiplerinin %71.5’i ilkokul, %14’ü ortaokul, %12.1’i lise, %2.4’ü üniversite mezunu olduğu belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerde gebe hayvanlara septisemi aşısı yaptırma oranı %45.9, doğumdan sonra buzağılara septisemi serumu uygulama oranı %69.1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Buzağı ölüm oranı %5 olan işletmelerin oranı %33.8, ölen buzağıların %48.3 oranında 1-7 gün arasında yaşam süresi bulunduğu, %18.2 oranında ise ölen buzağıların annesi olan ineğin başka buzağılarının da öldüğü saptanmıştır. Buzağı ölümlerinde ishalin önemli bir yer tuttuğu belirlenmiş olup prebiyotik ve probiyotik kullanımının arttırılması, bakım, besleme, hijyen ve koruyucu sağlık uygulamaları olan aşılamalara daha fazla özen gösterilmesi ile ölüm oranlarının azaltılabileceği söylenebilir. Buzağı kaybı olarak nitelendirilebilecek diğer bir konu ise servis periyodunun uzun olmasıdır. Doğumdan sonra tekrar gebe kalma arasındaki geçen süre olan servis periyodunun uzaması, farklı nedenler sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Servis periyodunun optimum sürelere indirilmesinin ise işletmelerde; teknik personel istihdamı, tekniğine uygun bakım ve besleme uygulamaları, kızgınlık tespit uygulamaları ve gözlem sürelerinin arttırılması, yeterli sayı ve nitelikte personel istihdamı ve suni tohumlama tekniği uygulamalarına bağlı olmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, süt sığırcılığı alanında faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin buzağı ölüm oranlarını azaltıcı tedbirler almaları ve kayıt tutma ile bu oranları düzenli olarak takip ve kontrol etmeleri gerektiği sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Penggunaan Metode Syllabic dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan Pada Kelas 1 MI Ma’arif Lemah Duwur Kuwarasan
Authors: Wardana Reza Enisa , Rahma Arum Aulia , Rahmawati Putri Nurul , Syahidah Amalia , Karmila Ni'ma , Fatimah Siti , Wardopo Komper
Published: September 2024

The main problem of this research is how to improve beginning reading skills through the application of the syllabic method in class 1A students at MI Ma'arif Lemah Duwur Kuwarasan.  This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the syllable method in helping the development of beginning reading learning.  This type of research is classroom action research (PTK) which consists of 2 cycles.  The research procedures carried out include planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting.  The subjects in this research were 18 students in class 1A MI Ma'arif Lemah Duwur Kuwarasan.  The research results showed that in cycle I the average aspect obtained was 74%.  In cycle II there was an increase, the initial reading ability test results were 91%.  The syllabic method can successfully improve the beginning reading skills of MI Ma'arif Lemah Duwur Kuwarasan students.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF WORK STRESS AND WORK MOTIVATION TO PERFORMANCE OF BRI JAKARTA KREKOT BANK OFFICE EMPLOYEES
Authors: Simbolon Selvi Ernawati , Tobing Yosephine , Frangky Y Sitorus
Published: September 2024

Human resources are an important asset in enhancing development within a country. The success of a country can be seen from the quality of human resources related to the production of a country. Human resources are the center of attention and focus for organizations or companies to survive in increasingly fierce competition in the current era of globalization. This research is used to analyze the relationship between work stress and employee performance and to analyze the relationship between work motivation and employee performance at the branch office of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Jakarta Krekot. Collecting data by distributing questionnaires to 53 employees. Analyzed by Spearman Rank correlation analysis, the data was processed using IBM SPSS version 26.
Keywords: Work Stress, Work Motivation, Employee Performance
The Influence of Motivation and Work Discipline on Teacher Performance at Yos Sudarso Dobo Junior High School
Authors: Ivakdalam Veronika Ingrit , Christina N.Sihombing  , Rutman Lumbantoruan
Published: September 2024

The objectives of this study are: To identify the influence of motivation on teacher performance at Yos Sudarso Dobo Junior High School and to identify the influence of Work Discipline on Teacher Performance at Yos Sudarso Dobo Junior High School. This research includes the type of associative research. The research location is Yos Sudarso Dobo Junior High School which is located at Mutiara street Number .132. Aru Islands District. Maluku Province. The research method used in this study was a questionnaire and used 26 respondents as the population and sample. to calculate each indicator, using a Likert scale and the data in this study used qualitative data obtained from the questionnaire which was converted into quantitative data to convert qualitative data to quantitative data using the Succesive Interval (MSI) Method. Through the MSI method, the results of the ordinal data questionnaire were transformed into interval data, while to test the research instrument using data analysis techniques, the Validity and Reliability Test of the questionnaire. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis is used to find the regression equation. Next, do the coefficient of determination test to determine the effect between the independent variable and the dependent variable. And to test the hypothesis using t test (partial). The results showed that in testing the hypothesis using the t-test partially Motivation has a significance value of 0.000 > 0.05, meaning that there is a significant influence between motivation on teacher performance and work discipline has a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is a significant influence between work discipline on teacher performance.Keywords: Motivation, Work Discipline, Teacher Performance
The Relationship Between Internal Communication, Work Motivation, and Employee Performance at Bank OCBC NISP Jakarta, Pluit Karang Utara Branch
Authors: Romarta Agustina  , Christina Natalina  , Jonny Siagian
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the relationship between Internal Communication and Work Motivation, to employee performance at Bank OCBC NISP Jakarta, Pluit Karang Utara branch. The sample was determined as many as 40 respondents consisting of tellers, customer service, marketing, operators and branch heads. Researchers used saturated sampling techniques that include internal communication variables, work motivation, and employee performance. The analysis method used is a descriptive analysis of respondents, the data description includes correlation test analysis, while the correlation test used is a spearman rank correlation test. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between internal communication and employee performance which is shown with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and there is a significant relationship between work motivation and employee performance, which is shown with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05.
Keywords: Internal Communication, Work Motivation, Employee Performance
The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement, Brand Awareness, And Brand Image on Purchase Decision of Somethinc Consumers (Case Study on Students at the Indonesian Christian University, Faculty of Economics, Management Department)
Authors: Fitria Anjani TuIuIi  , CaroIina F. Sembiring  , Juaniva Sidharta
Published: September 2024

SaIes of cosmetics are currentIy considered quite high considering the current consumer needs have started to take care of themseIves so that many beauty products appear. In Iine with this, companies are encouraged to be abIe to increase ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness and brand image to customers. This study aims to anaIyze ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness and SomeThin's brand image on purchase decisions. This research is a quantitative research with three independent variabIes, nameIy ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness and brand image and the dependent variabIe is purchase decision. The data coIIection technique used in this study was using an onIine questionnaire with googIe form. The sampIing technique used was purposive sampIing of 74 Somethinc consumer respondents at the Indonesian Christian University, FacuIty of Management. Data anaIysis used muItipIe Iinear regression anaIysis and hypothesis testing. The resuIts of muItipIe Iinear regression anaIysis show the equation Y = 0.186 +0.491 X1 + 0.264 X2 + 0.213 X3 + e with the coefficient of determination is 0.588. This shows that the percentage of the independent variabIe's contribution is 59% and the rest is infIuenced by other variabIes not incIuded in this study. The t-test on the ceIebrity endorsement variabIe produces a tcount vaIue of 4.840 > ttabIe 1.994 and with a significance vaIue of 0.000 < 0.050 (0.05), the brand awareness variabIe produces a t-count vaIue of 2.361 > ttabIe 1.994 and with a significance vaIue of 0.021 < 0.050 (0.05) and the variabIe brand image resuIted in tcount 2.033 > ttabIe 1.994 and with a significance vaIue of 0.046 <0.05. The F test resuIted in Fcount 35.669 > FtabIe 2.73 with a significance vaIue of 0.000 <0.05, so it can be concIuded that the ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness and brand image variabIes partiaIIy or simuItaneousIy affect the purchase decision. From the resuIts of this study, it can be concIuded that ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness and brand image can increase purchase decisions for Somethinc consumers at the Indonesian Christian University, FacuIty of Management.
Keywords: ceIebrity endorsement, brand awareness, brand image, purchase decision