bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação em ações de promoção da saúde realizadas por discentes de medicina, em tempos da pandemia da Covid-19: relato de experiência
Authors: Silva Bárbara Emeli Silva da , Geha Yuri Fadi , Rodrigues Amanda Gabriela Freitas , Bezerra Mayra Ferreira , Pereira Waltair Maria Martins
Published: May 2023

Inserida em diversas possibilidades promissoras de atuação, a utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação como dispositivo adjuvante em iniciativas da área da saúde vêm ganhando, continuamente, espaço e destaque nas políticas de saúde. Com o intuito da associação do potencial do papel da tecnologia na educação em saúde, assim como da melhoria dos indicadores representativos do enfrentamento pelo Programa Saúde na Escola, o presente estudo visa relatar a experiência desenvolvida em projeto de extensão através de relato de experiência descritivo, retrospectivo e inovador. Em uma escola municipal, utilizou-se as redes sociais da escola para disseminação de folhetos informativos digitais, vídeo educacional de curta-duração e entrevistas temáticas com convidados da área da saúde pela rádio interna. No desenvolvimento das atividades abordou-se a alimentação saudável, ações de combate ao Aedes aegypti, a vacinação contra o HPV e a promoção da cultura da paz, cidadania e direitos humanos. A comunidade acadêmica e profissional envolvida no projeto pôde contribuir na implementação de mecanismos alternativos para a promoção à educação em saúde à população em meio à paralização das atividades pela pandemia do novo coronavírus.
Mortalidade em idosos como desfecho da associação de sintomas depressivos e deficiência de 25(OH)D: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Rabelo Bruna Daniel , Schneider Ione Jayce Ceola
Published: May 2023

A depressão é uma doença que causa grande incapacidade e possui alta prevalência entre idosos. Também de expressiva distribuição se encontra a deficiência de vitamina D, que favorece o desenvolvimento de sintomas depressivos. Tanto a depressão quanto baixos níveis de vitamina D isoladamente são preditores de maior mortalidade. Esta revisão integrativa teve o objetivo de levantar informações acerca da combinação de deficiência de vitamina D e presença de depressão, e a influência na mortalidade em idosos. Foi realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados eletrônicas BVS, Embase, Cochrane e PubMed, sem restrição do tipo de estudo, linguística ou de tempo, com os descritores “depressão”, “deficiência de vitamina D”, “idosos”, “mortalidade”, e suas variações. A busca inicial identificou 302 artigos. Após exclusão dos duplicados e dos trabalhos que não englobaram todos os descritores de interesse, foram incluídos dois artigos para a presente revisão integrativa. Identificou-se que a população estudada tinha baixos níveis de 25(OH)D, e que isto se associou à ocorrência de sintomas depressivos. A análise conjunta de depressão e deficiência de 25(OH)D, e o impacto na mortalidade foi realizada em apenas um dos artigos. Neste, os indivíduos deprimidos com maior risco de óbito apresentavam deficiência de 25(OH)D. Em conclusão, observou-se associação entre depressão e baixos níveis de vitamina D, relacionando-se à maior mortalidade. Estas variáveis são modificáveis, porém, a literatura apresenta poucos dados neste contexto para permitir uma tomada de decisão. Mais pesquisas na área poderão esclarecer a relação que existe entre depressão, deficiência de vitamina D e mortalidade, e possibilitar modificação no curso deste desfecho.
Improving Predictions of Response Propensities for Effective Adaptive Survey Design (ASD)
Authors:   , Wu Shiya
Published: May 2023

Survey practitioners keep steadily searching for methods to improve effectiveness of adaptive survey design. The adaptation performance depends heavily on precise survey parameter estimates, such as response propensity. Recently, making precise estimates becomes increasingly difficult. The existing methods most often come in conflict with the rare historic data sets for running an infrequent or new survey. Also, methods most often ignore the timeliness of historic data of an ongoing survey. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on developing and applying Bayesian methods in adaptive survey design, both for precise and reliable predictions to make about survey design parameters and for ensuring timeliness of scarce survey resources to allocate. I discuss the Bayesian framework for its ability to include external data through prior distributions and to learn how responses vary in time in order to improve prediction precision. I also discuss effective adaptive survey designs that timely tailor the follow-up strategy to approach nonrespondents in order to enhance the obtained response. The proposed methods in this dissertation are applied to some case studies.
Understanding the impacts of climate change on lamb survival and lambing date in Southern New Zealand
Authors: Stevens David , Casey Marie
Published: May 2023

Future variations in temperature, rainfall and stormintensity need to be translated into on-farm metrics to understand the impacts on lambing date and survival. A lamb survival model based on heat loss was developed and applied in a daily time step to present and future climate scenarios, at three regions throughout the lowerSouth Island representing hill and lowland farms. Future scenarios (2040-2049) were modelled, based on forecast climate trends. Changes in temperatures from the 1990-1999 period to the 2000-2010 period matched or exceeded change predictions from global modelling.Predicted increases in temperature had little effect on lamb survival. Average air temperature over the period two weeks before to four weeks after planned start of lambing was ~7ºC in every region and topography, matching the rise in spring pasture growth. Future climate scenarios indicated the potential to schedule lambing 10 to 20 d earlier than current practice by 2040, hence increases in lamb liveweight of 1.5 to 5.5kg by December 15th may be possible. Opportunities to lamb earlier as increased temperatures promote earlier grass growth in spring may help increase pre-summer lamb liveweight gain and mitigate the potential impacts of increased occurrence of summer dry periods.
Are Women with COVID-19 and Migraine Prone to AMN Type 2?
Authors: Depasse Maxime , ten Tusscher Marcel PM , De La Porte Vincent , Kuijpers Robert W
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To describe 3 cases of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) type 2 associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and migraine.
Methods: Observational case series and literature review.
Results: The three patients, which were all women in their reproductive years with a mean age of 31 (range, 22-43), were diagnosed with AMN type 2 after presenting with acute onset of uni- or bilateral persisting paracentral scotomata. On multi-modal imaging with near-infrared (NIR) reflectance imaging, wedge-shaped dark-gray lesions were discernable in a perifoveal petaloid configuration. SD-OCT through the lesions revealed initial hyperreflectivity at the level of the outer retina, beneath the OPL (outer plexiform layer) and comprising the ONL (outer nuclear layer), with disruption of the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) band, eventually evolving into thinning of the ONL with or without persisting disruption of the photoreceptor complex. Anterior segment, fundoscopic, angiographic and electrophysiologic examinations were unremarkable.
Conclusion: All three cases were diagnosed with a concurrent viral upper respiratory tract infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. While AMN is considered to be a rare disease, a worldwide surge in the incidence of AMN has recently been reported and the largest case series to date have been described during the latest SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic. Thus, COVID-19 could be considered a potential risk factor for the development of AMN type 2. Two of our cases were associated with migraine, one of which experienced the onset of AMN symptoms in the immediate setting of a migraine attack and the use of triptans. This association between migraine, triptans and AMN type 2 should be considered in the context of a seemingly persisting visual aura, particularly in the presence of additional risk factors, such as female gender and oral contraceptive use.
Summary statement
An increased incidence of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) type 2 is observed in the context of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. The presently described association between AMN, migraine, and triptans should be considered when examining a patient with seemingly persisting visual aura, in particular negative scotomata, in the context of migraine.
Factors That Influence The Behavior Of The Use Of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) For Vanguard Officers In The Era Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Widarti Tri , Rudianti Yulistiana , Niken Elizabeth , Rahayu Ibut Puji , Parti Parti
Published: May 2023

Cessation of drug use and the process of recovering from drug addiction is complicated and requires a long time, so it is not uncommon for a drug user who has undergone rehabilitation to experience a relapse or relapse. One of the efforts that can be made to foster resilience in drug users is providing Supportive Group Therapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of supportive group therapy on the resilience of drug users after rehabilitation. The research design used was one group pretest and posttest. The population in this study were all post-rehabilitation drug users at Pondok Loka Jaya Taha Mulia Bhakti Foundation, Blitar Regency, totaling ten people, and the entire population was used as the sample. The independent variable in this study is supportive group therapy, and the dependent variable is resilience. This research was conducted on June 10-22, 2019, at Pondok Loka Jaya Yayasan Tahta Mulia Bhakti Nusantara in Blitar Regency. Based on the Wilcoxon signed rank test, the value of p = 0.005 with α = 0.05 means that there is an effect of supportive group therapy on the resilience of drug users after rehabilitation.
The Role of Parenting Style Towards Bullying in Elementary School Age Children
Authors: Wulandari Mei Eka
Published: May 2023

Bullying is aggressive behavior that is carried out intentionally and consciously by a person or group of people against another person or group of people with the aim of hurting and is often experienced by school-age children. One of the causes of bullying is parenting style. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is a relationship between parenting style and bullying behavior at SDN 2 Pojok, Kediri City in 2015. This study used a correlation analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all grade 3 students at SDN 2 Pojok Kediri City in 2015 with a total of 36 respondents. With a sample size of part of the population, namely as many as 33 respondents. Sampling technique using simple random sampling. The instruments used were questionnaires and interview sheets. Data were analyzed using the Sperm rho test. The results showed that the majority (60.6%) of students received sufficient parenting or as many as 20 students, the rest showed bullying behavior as many as 6 students (18.2%). The results of the analysis obtained ρ value = 0.000 < α = 0.05 which means that there is a relationship between parenting styles and bullying behavior at SDN 2 Pojok Kota Kediri. Research conclusion This means that the less parenting parents give their children, the more the child is at risk of experiencing bullying behavior. It is recommended that parents understand more about the indicators that influence parenting, including rules, punishments, rewards, attention and control as well as good communication between parents and children to reduce the incidence of bullying behavior in children
Calibration of patient-specific boundary conditions for coupled CFD models of the aorta derived from 4D Flow-MRI
Authors: Black Scott MacDonald , Maclean Craig , Hall Barrientos Pauline , Ritos Konstantinos , McQueen Alistair , Kazakidi Asimina
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models permit analysis of complex intra-aortic hemodynamics in patients with aortic dissection (AD), where vessel morphology and disease severity are highly individualized. The simulated blood flow regime within these models is sensitive to the prescribed boundary conditions (BCs), so accurate BC selection is fundamental to achieve clinically relevant results.

Methods: This study presents a novel reduced-order computational framework for the iterative flow-based calibration of 3-Element Windkessel Model (3EWM) parameters to generate patient-specific BCs. These parameters were calibrated using time-resolved flow information derived from retrospective four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D Flow-MRI). For a healthy and dissected case, blood flow was then investigated numerically in a fully coupled zero dimensional-three dimensional (0D-3D) numerical framework, where the vessel geometries were reconstructed from medical images. Calibration of the 3EWM parameters was automated and required ~3.5 min per branch.

Results: With prescription of the calibrated BCs, the computed near-wall hemodynamics (time-averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index) and perfusion distribution were consistent with clinical measurements and previous literature, yielding physiologically relevant results. BC calibration was particularly important in the AD case, where the complex flow regime was captured only after BC calibration.

Discussion: This calibration methodology can therefore be applied in clinical cases where branch flow rates are known, for example, via 4D Flow-MRI or ultrasound, to generate patient-specific BCs for CFD models. It is then possible to elucidate, on a case-by-case basis, the highly individualized hemodynamics which occur due to geometric variations in aortic pathology high spatiotemporal resolution through CFD.
Case Report: Active tuberculosis infection in CAR T-cell recipients post CAR T-cell therapy: a retrospective case series
Authors: Zhang Peiling , Huang Liang , Zheng Miao , Zhang Chao , Wan Dongyi , Wei Jia , Cao Yang
Published: May 2023

High response rates in B-cell malignancies have been achieved with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Emerging reports indicate a risk of active tuberculosis (TB) with novel immunotherapy for tumors. However, studies of TB in patients post CAR T-cell therapy are limited. In this case series study, we describe five patients with active TB post CD19/CD22 target CAR T-cell therapy alone or following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). One of the patients developed active TB within the first 30 days post CAR T-cell therapy, and fever was the dominant presenting symptom; extrapulmonary manifestations of active TB were common in the other four patients and manifested after the first 30 days of CAR T-cell therapy. Four of the five patients improved with anti-TB treatment, but one patient with isoniazid resistance died of central nervous system TB infection. Our study provides the first series report of active TB following CD19/CD22 target CAR T-cell therapy.
Recent and projected changes in water scarcity and unprecedented drought events over Southern Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Zeng Xin-Min , Hina Saadia , Syed Sidra , Ma Xieyao , Iyakaremye Vedaste , Yin Jun , Singh Vijay P.
Published: May 2023

In recent decades, water scarcity is a significant constraint for socioeconomic development and threatens livelihood in an agriculture-based developing country like Pakistan. The water crisis in the country is projected to exacerbate in the coming years, especially in the southern parts. This dire situation calls for an investigation of major droughts, associated water scarcity, and changes in teleconnection patterns over Southern Pakistan. Moderate to low Southeastern monsoon (SEM) precipitation triggered the extreme drought episode (2017–2020) over Southern Pakistan and intensified the water scarcity. This study explored the severity of the respective drought event, underlying mechanisms, and changes in water scarcity over Southern Pakistan. To investigate the future changes (1980–2050) in water scarcity, coupling models (global hydrological models (GHMs)-global climate models (GCMs)) have been used to achieve the interannual performance of water availability and total water consumption. Besides, future scenarios used in this study are the combinations of SSPs and RCPs, including middle-of-the-road (SSP1-RCP4.5) and fossil-fueled development (SSP2-RCP8.5). The findings indicated a precipitation deficit of 45% during the 4-year (2017–2020), depicting the worst events in the past 50 years. South Pakistan observed the worst SEM droughts over the last 50 years, as 2000–2005 was the worst drought (precipitation deficit of 75%), followed by 2017–2020 with a 49% of precipitation deficit. Water scarcity was exacerbated by the extreme dry spells that developed over most of southern Pakistan between 2017 and 2020 as a result of moderate-to-exceptionally low SEM precipitation. Furthermore, this drought episode was accompanied by the cool phase in the Pacific and equatorial Indian Oceans. The future changes in water scarcity over the southern regions of Pakistan present a sharp increase under the SSP2-RCP8.5 scenario and are anticipated to be intensified in already stressed regions. This research is essential for environmentalists, and water resources managers, and provided crucial information to identify the hot spot areas in the target region so that water scarcity problems could be reduced in the future.
Pore structure and fractal characteristics of tight sandstone in meandering stream facies: a case study of the J2s2 member in the central Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Feng Linjie , Jiang Yuqiang , Guo Guian , Yang Changcheng , Zhu Xun , Zeng Qinggao , Cai Guangyin , Wang Zhanlei
Published: May 2023

Based on porosity and permeability tests, high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and centrifugal experiments, this study comprehensively analyzed the quality, pore structure and fractal characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir in meandering stream facies. The purpose is to reveal the relationship between physical properties, geometry and topological parameters of pores, fluid mobility and heterogeneity of pore system of tight sandstone reservoirs in meandering stream facies. The results show that the second member of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation (J2S2) in the central Sichuan Basin has developed tight sandstone reservoir of meandering fluvial facies, the pore radius of type I reservoir (K>0.3 mD) is mainly distributed at 0.01 μm∼2 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 2.571 and 2.869, and the average movable fluid saturation is 70.12%. The pore radius of type II reservoir (0.08mD<K<0.3 mD) is mainly 0.003 μm∼1 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 2.401 and 3.224, the average movable fluid saturation is 57.59%. The pore radius of type III reservoir (K<0.08 mD) is mainly 0.001 μm∼0.4 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 0.905 and 2.195, and the average movable fluid saturation is 13.46%. Capillary-Paraachor point (CP point) and T2 cut-off value (T2cutoff) are used to divide the fractal interval of capillary pressure curve and T2 spectrum. The fractal dimension Dh2 of small pores calculated by HPMI through 3D capillary tube model, the fractal dimension Dn1 of large pores and Dn2 of small pores calculated by NMR through wetting phase model can effectively characterize the heterogeneity of reservoir pores. Among them, Dn1 has a strong negative correlation with porosity, permeability, pore radius and movable fluid saturation, indicating that the reservoir capacity, seepage capacity and pore size are mainly controlled by large pores, therefore, Dn1 can be used as an effective reservoir evaluation parameter.
Potential mobile units drive the horizontal transfer of phytoplasma effector phyllogen genes
Authors: Tokuda Ryosuke , Iwabuchi Nozomu , Kitazawa Yugo , Nijo Takamichi , Suzuki Masato , Maejima Kensaku , Oshima Kenro , Namba Shigetou , Yamaji Yasuyuki
Published: May 2023

Phytoplasmas are obligate intracellular plant pathogenic bacteria that can induce phyllody, which is a type of abnormal floral organ development. Phytoplasmas possess phyllogens, which are effector proteins that cause phyllody in plants. Phylogenetic comparisons of phyllogen and 16S rRNA genes have suggested that phyllogen genes undergo horizontal transfer between phytoplasma species and strains. However, the mechanisms and evolutionary implications of this horizontal gene transfer are unclear. Here, we analyzed synteny in phyllogen flanking genomic regions from 17 phytoplasma strains that were related to six ‘Candidatus’ species, including three strains newly sequenced in this study. Many of the phyllogens were flanked by multicopy genes within potential mobile units (PMUs), which are putative transposable elements found in phytoplasmas. The multicopy genes exhibited two distinct patterns of synteny that correlated with the linked phyllogens. The low level of sequence identities and partial truncations found among these phyllogen flanking genes indicate that the PMU sequences are deteriorating, whereas the highly conserved sequences and functions (e.g., inducing phyllody) of the phyllogens suggest that the latter are important for phytoplasma fitness. Furthermore, although their phyllogens were similar, PMUs in strains related to ‘Ca. P. asteris’ were often located in different regions of the genome. These findings strongly indicate that PMUs drive the horizontal transfer of phyllogens among phytoplasma species and strains. These insights improve our understanding of how symptom-determinant genes have been shared among phytoplasmas.
miRNA-1 promotes acute myeloid leukemia cell pathogenesis through metabolic regulation
Authors: Ghazaryan Arevik , Wallace Jared A. , Tang William W. , Barba Cindy , Lee Soh-Hyun , Bauer Kaylyn M. , Nelson Morgan C. , Kim Carissa N. , Stubben Chris , Voth Warren P. , Rao Dinesh S. , O’Connell Ryan M.
Published: May 2023

Graphical Abstract

We blocked pyruvate entry into mitochondria and decreased Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in human AML cell lines MV4-11 and MOLM-14 by using gene editing tools. This metabolic shift led to increased expression of miR-1 in the human AML cell lines. TARGET and TCGA AML patient sample dataset analysis revealed that miR-1 is overexpressed in patients with FLT3-ITD + mutation, and independently from FLT3-ITD, high levels of miR-1 also correlates with reduced survival. Transcriptional and metabolic profiling of miR-1 overexpressing AML cells revealed that miR-1 promotes OXPHOS through glutaminolysis. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-1 in AML cells exacerbated disease in a mouse xenograft model. Together, our work expands current knowledge within the field by uncovering novel connections between AML cell metabolism and miRNA expression that facilitates disease progression. Created with BioRender.com.
Experimental study on compressive behavior of PE-ECC under impact load
Authors: Liu Lingfei , Xiao Jie , Wu Zijian
Published: May 2023

Compared with polyvinyl alcohol-engineered cementitious composites (PVA-ECC), engineered cementitious composites containing polyethylene fibers (PE-ECC) has captured the attention of researchers because of lower cost. Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of research that focuses on their dynamic behavior. Thus, specimens with different water binder ratios were tested by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) to unveil the dynamic compressive behavior of PE-ECC. The dynamic behaviors were analyzed based on the tests, including dynamic failure modes, dynamic stress-strain curves, dynamic compressive strength, dynamic peak strain, and dynamic toughness. The result shows the PE-ECC has excellent compressive ductility, and a long post-peak descending part in the stress-strain relations. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the strain rate is the most crucial factor that directly affects the dynamic compressive strength, dynamic peak strain, and dynamic toughness in a monotonic fashion.
CCN2/CTGF tip the balance of growth factors towards TGF-β2 in primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Dillinger Andrea E. , Kuespert Sabrina , Seleem Amin A. , Neuendorf Jakob , Schneider Magdalena , Fuchshofer Rudolf
Published: May 2023

TGF-β2 is the predominant TGF-β isoform within the eye. One function of TGF-β2 is to provide the eye with immune protection against intraocular inflammation. The beneficial function of TGF-β2 within the eye must be under tight control of a network of different factors. A disbalance of the network can result in different eye diseases. In Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG), one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, TGF-β2 is significantly elevated in the aqueous humor and antagonistic molecules like BMPs are reduced. The changes provoke an altering of the quantity and quality of the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton in the outflow tissues, leading to an increased outflow resistance and thereby to an increased intraocular pressure (IOP), the major risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma. The pathologic effect of TGF-β2 in primary open-angle glaucoma is mainly meditated by CCN2/CTGF. CCN2/CTGF can modulate TGF-β and BMP signaling by direct binding. The eye specific overexpression of CCN2/CTGF caused an increase in IOP and led to a loss of axons, the hallmark of primary open-angle glaucoma. CCN2/CTGF appears to play a critical role in the homeostatic balance of the eye, so we investigated if CCN2/CTGF can modulate BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways in the outflow tissues. To this end, we analyzed the direct effect of CCN2/CTGF on both signaling pathways in two transgenic mouse models with a moderate (βB1-CTGF1) and a high CCN2/CTGF (βB1-CTGF6) overexpression and in immortalized human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. Additionally, we investigate whether CCN2/CTGF mediates TGF-β effects via different pathways. We observed developmental malformations in the ciliary body in βB1-CTGF6 caused by an inhibition of the BMP signaling pathway. In βB1-CTGF1, we detected a dysregulation of the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways, with reduced BMP activity and increased TGF-β signaling. A direct CCN2/CTGF effect on BMP and TGF-β signaling was shown in immortalized HTM cells. Finally, CCN2/CTGF mediated its effects on TGF-β via the RhoA/ROCK and ERK signaling in immortalized HTM cells. We conclude that CCN2/CTGF functions as a modulator of the homeostatic balance of BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways, which is shifted in primary open-angle glaucoma.
GC/MS analysis of hypoxic volatile metabolic markers in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line
Authors: Issitt Theo , Reilly Matthew , Sweeney Sean T. , Brackenbury William J. , Redeker Kelly R.
Published: May 2023

Hypoxia in disease describes persistent low oxygen conditions, observed in a range of pathologies, including cancer. In the discovery of biomarkers in biological models, pathophysiological traits present a source of translatable metabolic products for the diagnosis of disease in humans. Part of the metabolome is represented by its volatile, gaseous fraction; the volatilome. Human volatile profiles, such as those found in breath, are able to diagnose disease, however accurate volatile biomarker discovery is required to target reliable biomarkers to develop new diagnostic tools. Using custom chambers to control oxygen levels and facilitate headspace sampling, the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was exposed to hypoxia (1% oxygen) for 24 h. The maintenance of hypoxic conditions in the system was successfully validated over this time period. Targeted and untargeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry approaches revealed four significantly altered volatile organic compounds when compared to control cells. Three compounds were actively consumed by cells: methyl chloride, acetone and n-Hexane. Cells under hypoxia also produced significant amounts of styrene. This work presents a novel methodology for identification of volatile metabolisms under controlled gas conditions with novel observations of volatile metabolisms by breast cancer cells.
The spectrum of eating environments encountered in free living adults documented using a passive capture food intake wearable device
Authors: Breit Matthew , Padia Jonathan , Marden Tyson , Forjan Dan , Zhaoxing Pan , Zhou Wenru , Ghosh Tonmoy , Thomas Graham , McCrory Megan A. , Sazonov Edward , Higgins Janine
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The aim of this feasibility and proof-of-concept study was to examine the use of a novel wearable device for automatic food intake detection to capture the full range of free-living eating environments of adults with overweight and obesity. In this paper, we document eating environments of individuals that have not been thoroughly described previously in nutrition software as current practices rely on participant self-report and methods with limited eating environment options.

Methods

Data from 25 participants and 116 total days (7 men, 18 women, Mage = 44 ± 12 years, BMI 34.3 ± 5.2 kg/mm2), who wore the passive capture device for at least 7 consecutive days (≥12h waking hours/d) were analyzed. Data were analyzed at the participant level and stratified amongst meal type into breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack categories. Out of 116 days, 68.1% included breakfast, 71.5% included lunch, 82.8% included dinner, and 86.2% included at least one snack.

Results

The most prevalent eating environment among all eating occasions was at home and with one or more screens in use (breakfast: 48.1%, lunch: 42.2%, dinner: 50%, and snacks: 55%), eating alone (breakfast: 75.9%, lunch: 89.2%, dinner: 74.3%, snacks: 74.3%), in the dining room (breakfast: 36.7%, lunch: 30.1%, dinner: 45.8%) or living room (snacks: 28.0%), and in multiple locations (breakfast: 44.3%, lunch: 28.8%, dinner: 44.8%, snacks: 41.3%).

Discussion

Results suggest a passive capture device can provide accurate detection of food intake in multiple eating environments. To our knowledge, this is the first study to classify eating occasions in multiple eating environments and may be a useful tool for future behavioral research studies to accurately codify eating environments.
A pilot study to improve pain phenotyping in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Ye Yi , Cardoso Diovana de Melo , Kayahara Giseli Mitsuy , Bernabé Daniel Galera
Published: May 2023

Pain associated with head and neck cancer (HNC) is difficult to manage and reduces quality of life. It has been increasingly recognized that HNC patients exhibit a wide range of pain symptoms. Here we developed an orofacial pain assessment questionnaire and conducted a pilot study to improve pain phenotyping in HNC patients at the diagnosis. The questionnaire captures the following pain characteristics: pain intensity, location, quality, duration, and frequency; the impact of pain on daily activities; changes in smell and food sensitivities. Twenty-five HNC patients completed the questionnaire. 88% patients reported pain at the site of tumor; 36% reported multiple pain sites. All patients with pain reported at least one neuropathic pain (NP) descriptor, 54.5% reported at least two NP descriptors. The most common descriptors were “burning” and “pins and needles”. Most patients reported increased pain to sour or hot/spicy food/drinks, and to food with coarse/hard textures. Patients exhibited impaired oral function, especially chewing, talking, mouth/jaw opening, and eating. Tumor progression has a significant impact on pain. Nodal metastasis is linked to pain at multiple body sites. Patients with advanced tumor staging experience greater pain at the primary tumor site, when exposed to hot or spicy food/drinks or food with hard/coarse texture, or when eating or chewing. We conclude that HNC patients experience a wide range of pain symptoms with altered mechanical, chemical, and temperature sensation. Improved phenotyping and stratification of pain in HNC patients will help address the underlying etiology, which may enable personalized therapeutic approaches in the future.
Single-nucleus ribonucleic acid-sequencing and spatial transcriptomics reveal the cardioprotection of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) in mice with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Lin Wenyong , Chen Xin , Wang Dongyuan , Lu Ruixia , Zhang Chunling , Niu Zhenchao , Chen Jie , Ruan Xiaofen , Wang Xiaolong
Published: May 2023

Graphical Abstract

Single-cell landscape of SBP treatments in a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury. A total of 75,546 cells from nine mouse cardiac tissues in 3 different groups are projected by UMAP plot. The four colored tracks (from inside to outside) indicate cluster, origin ID, group and cell type. The axis outside the circular plot depicts the scale of the total cell number for each class. The text in each of the four corners show an overview of the role of SBP on cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages respectively. Legends denote the origin ID, group, cell type and cluster.
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy as a myogenic disease: highlights from cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Reisqs J. B. , Moreau A. , Sleiman Y. , Boutjdir M. , Richard S. , Chevalier P.
Published: May 2023

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by the replacement of myocardium by fibro-fatty infiltration and cardiomyocyte loss. ACM predisposes to a high risk for ventricular arrhythmias. ACM has initially been defined as a desmosomal disease because most of the known variants causing the disease concern genes encoding desmosomal proteins. Studying this pathology is complex, in particular because human samples are rare and, when available, reflect the most advanced stages of the disease. Usual cellular and animal models cannot reproduce all the hallmarks of human pathology. In the last decade, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been proposed as an innovative human cellular model. The differentiation of hiPSCs into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) is now well-controlled and widely used in many laboratories. This hiPSC-CM model recapitulates critical features of the pathology and enables a cardiomyocyte-centered comprehensive approach to the disease and the screening of anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD) prescribed sometimes empirically to the patient. In this regard, this model provides unique opportunities to explore and develop new therapeutic approaches. The use of hiPSC-CMs will undoubtedly help the development of precision medicine to better cure patients suffering from ACM. This review aims to summarize the recent advances allowing the use of hiPSCs in the ACM context.
A multinational cross-sectional study on the awareness and concerns of healthcare providers toward monkeypox and the promotion of the monkeypox vaccination
Authors: Swed Sarya , Alibrahim Hidar , Bohsas Haidara , Jawish Nagham , Rais Mohammed Amir , Nasif Mohamad Nour , Hafez Wael , Sawaf Bisher , Abdelrahman Ahmed , Fathey Sherihan , Atef Ismail Ahmed Ibrahim Ismail , Almashaqbeh Sondos Hussein Ahmad , Yousef Aljawarneh Razan Mohammad , Rakab Amine , EL-Shafei Emad Hassan Hassan , Hurlemann Rene , Elsayed Mohamed E. G. ,   Data Collection Group
Published: May 2023

Background

The aim of this study was to explore potential healthcare workers' (HCWs) concerns about the monkeypox virus in order to create practical solutions to manage this disease.

Methods

Online cross-sectional research was conducted in 11 Arabic countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Syria, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Iraq, Palestine, Jordan, and Sudan) from 2 August 2022 to 28 December 2022.

Results

Approximately 82% of respondents felt the need to acquire further information. The acceptability of the vaccine against monkeypox has been indicated by more than half of the participants (54.5%). Furthermore, we state that 45% of the participants are knowledgeable about the monkeypox virus, and 53.1% of the participants have never been affected with COVID-19 before are more worried about COVID-19 than about monkeypox. Participants diagnosed with COVID-19 were 0.63 times less likely to worry about monkeypox than those who were not diagnosed with COVID-19. A greater willingness to get the monkeypox vaccination was seen among the age group 21–30 years (42.4%) compared to the other age groups.

Conclusion

Most healthcare professionals have a moderate knowledge of the monkeypox virus. Furthermore, they demonstrated a low willingness to get the vaccination against the monkeypox virus.
Factors predicting the active treatment of renal angiomyolipoma: 30 years of experience in two tertiary referral centers
Authors: Daché Arnaud , Fatica Richard , Herts Brian R. , McLennan Gordon , Remer Erick M. , Haber Georges-Pascal , Ouzaid Idir
Published: May 2023

Introduction and objective

This study aimed to identify clinical features representing predictive factors of active treatment (AT) compared to active surveillance (AS) for renal angiomyolipoma (AML).

Patients and methods

From 1990 to 2020, patients referred to two institutions for a renal mass and diagnosed with an AML based on typical features on CT were included in the analysis. The study population was divided into two groups based on the treatment received: active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT). Age, gender, tuberous sclerosis syndrome, tumor size, contralateral kidney disease, renal function, year of diagnosis, and symptoms at presentation were assessed as potential predictive factors of active treatment using a logistic regression model in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

In total, 253 patients (mean age 52.3 ± 15.7 years; 70% women; 70.9% incidentally diagnosed) were included in the analysis. One hundred and nine (43%) received AS, whereas 144 (57%) were actively treated. For univariate analysis, age, tuberous sclerosis complex syndrome, tumor size, symptoms at presentation, and contralateral kidney disease were found to be predictors of AT. Only tumor size (p < 0.001) and the year of diagnosis (p < 0.001) remained significant for multivariable analyses. The likelihood of being managed with AS evolved over the study period and was 50% and 75% when diagnosed before and after 2010, respectively. With respect to size, 4-cm and 6-cm tumors had a probability of 50% and 75% of being treated with AS, respectively.

Conclusion

The present analysis from a high-volume institution provides evidence that the management of renal masses with typical radiological features of AML has markedly changed over the last three decades with a trend toward AS over AT. Tumor size and the year of diagnosis were significant factors for the treatment strategies.
Normothermic Ex Vivo Machine Perfusion of Discarded Human Pancreas Allografts: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Parmentier Catherine , Ray Samrat , Mazilescu Laura I. , Kawamura Masataka , Noguchi Yuki , Nogueira Emmanuel , Ganesh Sujani , Arulratnam Bhranavi , Kalimuthu Sangeetha N. , Selzner Markus , Reichman Trevor W.
Published: May 2023

Pancreas transplantation is the only curative treatment for patients with complicated diabetes, and organ shortage is a common and increasing problem. Strategies to expand the donor pool are needed, and normothermic ex vivo perfusion of the pancreas has the potential to test and repair grafts before implantation. Between January 2021 and April 2022, six human pancreases, declined for transplantation or islet isolation, were perfused using a previously established method by our group. All 6 cases were successfully perfused for 4 h, with minimal edema. The mean age of the donors was 44.16 ± 13.8 years. Five grafts were obtained from neurological death donors, and one was obtained from a donation after cardiac death. The mean glucose and lactate levels decreased throughout perfusion and insulin levels increased. All 6 grafts were metabolically active during perfusion and histopathology showed minimal tissue injury and no edema. Human normothermic ex vivo perfusion of the pancreas is feasible and safe and has the potential to expand the donor pool. Future studies will focus on tests and biomarkers for the assessment of grafts.
Event-Triggered Fault Estimation and Fault Tolerance for Cyber-Physical Systems with False Data Injection Attacks
Authors: Li Yunji , Zhou Wenzhuo , Wu Yajun
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates an event-triggered framework for addressing fault estimation and fault tolerance issues in discrete-time cyber-physical systems (CPSs) with partial state saturations and random false data injection attacks (FDIAs). A stochastic variable is introduced to characterize the random FDIAs and to establish the corresponding model. A reduced-order fault estimator and an event condition are co-derived to reconstruct system states and actuator faults. The proposed event-triggered transmission scheme helps reduce network utilization in the sensor-to-estimator channel. A sufficient condition for the proposed event-triggered estimator is derived, which minimizes state and fault estimation errors even when the controlled plants are subject to exogenous disturbances, fault signals, and random attacks. Furthermore, a fault-tolerant compensation controller is proposed using the estimated states and faults, ensuring that the considered systems achieve mean-squared stability. Finally, a DC motor platform is developed to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed estimator-based fault-tolerant controller.
Mitigating Methane Emission from the Rice Ecosystem through Organic Amendments
Authors: Senthilraja Kandasamy , Venkatesan Subramanian , Udhaya Nandhini Dhandayuthapani , Dhasarathan Manickam , Prabha Balasubramaniam , Boomiraj Kovilpillai , Mohan Kumar Shanmugam , Bhuvaneswari Kulanthaivel , Raveendran Muthurajan , Geethalakshmi Vellingiri
Published: May 2023

Tamil Nadu in particular is a key rice-producing region in peninsular India. Hydrochemistry, viz., redox potential (Rh), soil temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO), of rice soils can determine the production of greenhouse gas methane (CH4). In recent decades, the cultivation of crops organically became a viable option for mitigating climate change. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different organic amendments on CH4 emission, Rh, DO, and soil and water temperature (T) in relation to the yield of paddy. The treatments composed of viz., control, blue-green algae (BGA), Azolla, farm yard manure (FYM), green leaf manure (GLM), blue-green algae + Azolla, FYM + GLM, BGA + Azolla + FYM + GLM, vermicompost and decomposed livestock manure. With the addition of BGA + Azolla, the highest reduction in CH4 emission was 37.9% over the control followed by BGA. However, the same treatment had a 50% and 43% increase in Rh and DO, respectively, over the control. Established Pearson correlation analyses showed that the CH4 emission had a positive correlation with soil (r = 0.880 **) and water T (r = 0.888 **) and negative correlations with Rh (r = −0.987 **) and DO (r = −0.963 **). The higher grain yield of 26.5% was associated with BGA + Azolla + FYM + GLM application. Our findings showed that there are significant differences in CH4 emissions between different organic amendments and that hydro-parameters may be a more important controlling factor for methane emissions than temperature. The conclusion has been drawn based on valid research findings that bio-fertilization using BGA and Azolla is an efficient and feasible approach to combat climate change, as it assists in reducing methane emissions while simultaneously boosting crop yield by fixing nitrogen into the soil in the studied agro-climatic zone.
Installation and Adjustment of a Hydraulic Evapotranspiration Multisensor Prototype
Authors: Kypris Dedalos , Nikolaou Georgios , Evangelides Efstathios , Neocleous Damianos
Published: May 2023

The aim of this note is to provide a quick overview of the installation and adjustment of an exclusively mechanical standalone automatic device that self-adjusts to weather changes to control the frequency and duration of the irrigation. The “hydraulic evapotranspiration multisensor” (HEM) is composed of a reduced evaporation pan with water, a magnet with a floater floating in the pan, a hydraulic device operated by a magnetic hydraulic valve that has the ability to adjust the frequency of irrigation, and a hydraulic system that returns water to the pan during each irrigation event through an adjustable dripper to replace the water lost due to the fact of evaporation. This note is particularly relevant for arid–semi-arid regions where agricultural production is fully dependent on irrigation.
Effects of Biochar on the Cd Uptake by Rice and the Cd Fractions in Paddy Soil: A 3-Year Field Experiment
Authors: Sun Xiaoxue , Wang Jiangnan , Zhang Miao , Liu Zunqi , E Yang , Lan Yu , He Tianyi , Meng Jun
Published: May 2023

Biochar is a potential amendment for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Although the immobilization effect of biochar on soil Cd has been studied under indoor laboratory conditions, the effect of biochar on rice Cd uptake and soil Cd fractions under field conditions is still poorly understood. Here, the Cd content of the different organs of rice and the Cd fractions in soil were characterized for three years after the application of different amounts of biochar (0, 7.5, 15, 30 t ha−1, and 3 t ha−1 year−1). The Cd content of brown rice, husk, leaf, stem and sheath, and root under biochar treatment could be maximally reduced by up to 26.25%, 20.16%, 20.74%, 33.2%, and 26.89%, respectively. Biochar altered the Cd fractions in soil, including the decrease in exchangeable Cd content and the increase in Fe-Mn oxide bound Cd and organic bound Cd. The concentration factor of Cd uptake by rice was reduced by 32% under biochar application, while biochar had little influence on the transfer factor and distribution factor. The immobilization effect of biochar on soil Cd lasted for at least three years, but the trend of Cd immobilization efficiency over time for different amounts of biochar treatment was different. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC) of Cd in soil with biochar amendment could be reduced to a medium risk level from a high risk level. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that changes in soil pH and Fe-Mn oxide bound Cd content caused by biochar application contributed most to the reduction in the Cd content of rice organs. These findings would enhance our understanding of the immobilization effect of biochar on Cd in paddy soil under field conditions.