bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMATIKA DAN SOLUSI IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 (Studi Kasus Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 di SMPN 31 Padang)
Authors: Adriantoni Adriantoni , Fitrianis Fitrianis
Published: October 2019

The background of this study is the change of curriculum to 2013 Curriculum, this change gives certain difficulty for the teacher because the change of the way to make Lesson Plan, especially in assessment that should made specially by the teacher. The result of the study shows that (1) the problematic that foun of the teacher of islamis study  in planning is lack of understanding of the concepts that exist in 2013 curriculum, in learning practice is lack of teacher expertise in stimulating students' thinking in learning activities, (2) the problematic that foun of the teacher of islamis study  in assessing while the learning process is too many types of assessments in the 2013 curriculum, (3) the solutions that faced and feelt by the teacher and the writer are give the reward, follow the trainings about 2013 curriculum, sharing between the teachers, follow the sosialisation, follow the MGMP, and the thers that can rise the teacher knowledge.

Latar belakang penelitian adalah terjadinya perubahan kurikulum KTSP menjadi kurikulum 2013,perubahan tersebut memberikan kesulitan tersendiri bagi guru dikarenakan adanya perubahan dalam pembuatan RPP terutama dalam aspek penilaian yang harus dirancang secara khusus, hal ini memberikan kesulitan tersendiri bagi para guru terlebih yang belum mendapat pelatihan maksimal mengenai kurikulum 2013. Berdasarkan  penelitian disimpulkan bahwa (1) problematika yang dihadapi guru PAI dalam perencanaan kurang memahami konsep yang ada pada kurikulum 2013 dan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran kurang keahlian guru dalam meransang pemikiran peserta didik pada kegiatan pembelajaran, (2) problematika  yang dirasakan guru PAI dalam penilaian pembelajaran dalam kurikulum2013 kurangnya waktu dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran, sulitnya penilaian dan serta terlalu banyaknya jenis penilaian dalam kurikulum 2013 khususnya pada penilaian sikap, (3)solusi terhadap problematika implementasi kurikulum 2013 yang dihadapi atau dihadapi guru PAI di SMPN  31 Padangdengan cara melakukan pendekatan serta memberikan hadiah (reward), mengikuti pelatihan-pelatihan terkait Implementasi Kurikulum 2013, sharing antar sesama guru, mengikuti sosialisasi, MGMPlain sebagainya yang sekiranya bisa menunjang pemahaman guru.
PROBLEMATIKA DAN SOLUSI IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 (Studi Kasus Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 di SMPN 31 Padang)
Authors: Adriantoni Adriantoni , Fitrianis Fitrianis
Published: October 2019

The background of this study is the change of curriculum to 2013 Curriculum, this change gives certain difficulty for the teacher because the change of the way to make Lesson Plan, especially in assessment that should made specially by the teacher. The result of the study shows that (1) the problematic that foun of the teacher of islamis study  in planning is lack of understanding of the concepts that exist in 2013 curriculum, in learning practice is lack of teacher expertise in stimulating students' thinking in learning activities, (2) the problematic that foun of the teacher of islamis study  in assessing while the learning process is too many types of assessments in the 2013 curriculum, (3) the solutions that faced and feelt by the teacher and the writer are give the reward, follow the trainings about 2013 curriculum, sharing between the teachers, follow the sosialisation, follow the MGMP, and the thers that can rise the teacher knowledge.Latar belakang penelitian adalah terjadinya perubahan kurikulum KTSP menjadi kurikulum 2013,perubahan tersebut memberikan kesulitan tersendiri bagi guru dikarenakan adanya perubahan dalam pembuatan RPP terutama dalam aspek penilaian yang harus dirancang secara khusus, hal ini memberikan kesulitan tersendiri bagi para guru terlebih yang belum mendapat pelatihan maksimal mengenai kurikulum 2013. Berdasarkan  penelitian disimpulkan bahwa (1) problematika yang dihadapi guru PAI dalam perencanaan kurang memahami konsep yang ada pada kurikulum 2013 dan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran kurang keahlian guru dalam meransang pemikiran peserta didik pada kegiatan pembelajaran, (2) problematika  yang dirasakan guru PAI dalam penilaian pembelajaran dalam kurikulum2013 kurangnya waktu dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran, sulitnya penilaian dan serta terlalu banyaknya jenis penilaian dalam kurikulum 2013 khususnya pada penilaian sikap, (3)solusi terhadap problematika implementasi kurikulum 2013 yang dihadapi atau dihadapi guru PAI di SMPN  31 Padangdengan cara melakukan pendekatan serta memberikan hadiah (reward), mengikuti pelatihan-pelatihan terkait Implementasi Kurikulum 2013, sharing antar sesama guru, mengikuti sosialisasi, MGMPlain sebagainya yang sekiranya bisa menunjang pemahaman guru.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN PADA KISAH NABI KHIDIR AS DENGAN NABI MUSA AS DALAM ALQURAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KONSEP PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Syaripudin Ahmad , Asyafah Abas , Supriadi Udin
Published: October 2019

Essentially, education is the process of optimally guiding and developing human potentials, both the soul and mind or heart. Alquran provides comprehensive and integrative guidance for human beings in terms of their education, where there is no dichotomy, but rather unity and totality. The proof of this perfection of Alquran is reflected in the education concept from history of Nabi Khidir as with Nabi Musa as. In this research, the researcher attempts to explore and understand the education concept from history of Nabi Khidir as with Nabi Musa as in Alquran by referencing Tafsir Mu’tabaroħ. It adopted qualitative approach, employing the procedural methods of tahlīlī  and muqāran, with literature review as data collection technique. The data were analyzed textually, employing dilālaħ and munāsabaḥ. The implications of this history of Nabi Khidir as with Nabi Musa as concept on Islamic education concep apply to: educators, students, goals, roles, principles, methods, materials, and media of education.Pendidikan merupakan proses pembinaan dan pengembangan potensi manusia secara optimal, baik menyangkut jiwa, akal dan hatinya. Alquran memberikan bimbingan secara komprehensif dan integratif terhadap manusia dalam kaitannya terhadap pendidikan, di mana tidak ada dikotomi, melainkan kesatuan dan keseluruhan dalam pendidikan. Bukti dari kesempurnaan Alquran tersebut tergambar pada konsep pendidikan pada kisah Nabi Khidir as dengan Nabi Musa as. Di dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berupaya menggali dan memahami konsep pendidikan pada kisah Nabi Khidir as dengan Nabi Musa as dalam Alquran dengan merujuk kepada Kitab Tafsir  Mu’tabaroħ. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan secara prosedural metode yang digunakan adalah metode tahlīlī dan muqāran, dengan teknik studi pustaka dalam pengumpulkan data. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis teks dengan menggunakan dilālaħ dan munāsabaḥ. Adapun implikasi konsep pendidikan pada kisah Nabi Khidir as dengan Nabi Musa as dalam Alquran terhadap konsep pendidikan Islam meliputi; pendidik, peserta didik, tujuan, metode, materi dan media pendidikan.
New Dental Finds Associated with the Paleolithic Selenga Culture, Western Trans-Baikal Region
Authors: Pavlenok G. D. , Zubova A. V.
Published: October 2019

We describe human teeth discovered in 2012 during the re-examination of the collection from Ust-Kyakhta-3 in the western Trans-Baikal region, excavated by A.P. Okladnikov. This is one of the key Final Paleolithic sites in this area, having a distinct twolayer stratigraphy, a non-contradictory series of radiocarbon dates, and the largest (and the most representative) collection of artifacts. Human teeth come from layer 1, whose dates range from 11,505 ± 100 to 12,151 ± 58 BP. Finds include fragments of a deciduous left upper second molar of a child aged 11–13 and an incompletely erupted upper permanent molar, possibly of the same child. Morphological comparison of these teeth with those from Malta in the Cis-Baikal region demonstrates considerable similarity. The fi nding suggests that the populations of Malta and Ust-Kyakhta-3 represent one and the same southern Siberian Upper Paleolithic dental complex.
The Ishkinino Bronze Age Mining Complex in the Southern Urals: Radiocarbon Dating
Authors: Tkachev V. V.
Published: October 2019

This article presents the results of radiocarbon dating of buried soils beneath the dumps of ancient mines in the Ishkinino cobalt and copper pyrite deposit area, in the Southern Urals. The conserved upper horizons of stratigraphic sequences underlying the dumps of four mines were subjected to radiocarbon analysis. For comparison, samples from Bronze Age sites in the same area were used. Chronological ranges of the Yamnaya, Sintashta, and Kozhumberdy cultures were evaluated. Calibrated intervals of the buried soils from the Ishkinino mines show a good agreement with respective intervals relating to human and animal bones from nearby Bronze Age cemeteries and settlements. The early stage of the mines (2200–1840 BC) correlates with the Sintashta culture. Most geological and archaeological features at Ishkinino date to 1780–1130 BC, same as the Kozhumberdy settlement and cemeteries, representing the Alakul tradition. As the results suggest, radiocarbon dating of buried soils underlying the mine dumps is relevant to absolute and relative chronology of ancient mining, especially when archaeological contexts are of little help.
The Bear Cult and Kurgans of the Scythian Elite
Authors: Gulyaev V. I.
Published: October 2019

This study, based on artifacts from high-ranking kurgans of the northern Black Sea region (700–300 BC), addresses the little-studied bear motif in Scythian culture and its relevance for the ancient inhabitants of this region and of the adjacent territories. It is a wide-held view that the image of the brown bear had been borrowed from the Ananyino culture of the Kama. Variation of this motif is described and its chronology is assessed. Two principal iconographic versions are known in Scythian art—the animal is shown either en face, in the so-called sacrifi cial posture, or drinking (in profi le, with a bowed head). Such representations occur most often on gold-plated ritual bowls and ornaments of the horse harness. Both the chronology and the distribution range of these artifacts disagree with the idea that the bear motif was a loan from forest cultures. Rather, it appears to be inherently Scythian, having originated around 700 BC together with other images of the animal style. Apparently, some form of the bear cult was practiced by the Scythian elite.
Mordvins in Western Siberia in the Late 19th to Early 20th Century: Certain Issues in the Migration and Settlement
Authors: Shchankina L. N.
Published: October 2019

This study addresses the main aspects of the Mordvin peasant relocation to Western Siberia from the mid-1800s to Stolypin’s agrarian reform, with a focus on resettlement and relationships with old residents, successful and failed unauthorized and reverse migration, and the displacement level. The sources are archival data, specifi cally E.I. Krivyakov’s and V.B. Rusyaikin’s manuscripts owned by the archives of the Government of Mordovia Institute for the Humanities. Causes of migration were mostly economical, and the process was triggered by the abolishment of serfdom in 1861 and then by the Stolypin’s reform, meant to defuse the imminent agrarian crisis in central Russia. On the basis of archival and published evidence, it is demonstrated that the main problems faced by the authorities were their unpreparedness for arranging the relocation of large numbers of peasants, insuffi cient funding, small size of land plots allotted to new settlers, diffi culties with obtaining documents, the fact that governmental help was insuffi cient and provided not to all those in need (land plots were not allotted to unauthorized settlers), administration’s laissez faire in the resettlement process, failure to limit admission fees paid to old settlers, and other factors caused by poor organizational training.
The Buryats: Ethno-Social Development and Post-Soviet Transformations (Based on the 2017 Opinion Polls Among the Young People of Buryatia, the Irkutsk Region, and the Trans-Baikal Region)
Authors: Boronova M. M.
Published: October 2019

On the basis of the summer 2017 opinion poll among the young Buryat residents of Buryatia, the Irkutsk Region, and the TransBaikal Region, post-Soviet tendencies in Buryat ethnic identity and social mobility are examined. Changes in the traditional lifestyle are analyzed with regard to ethnic consolidation and assimilation. The impact of growing ethnic diversity, social and territorial mobility on identity, language competence, attitudes to religion, and participation in religious ceremonies are discussed. Principal post-Soviet tendencies include ethnic consolidation based on common Buryat identity and the decline of subethnic identities following the collapse of tribal structure. Religion is becoming the key consolidating factor, as evidenced by the rising number of believers among the young people. However, opposite tendencies, such as growing ethnic assimilation and language shift triggered by social and territorial mobility among the young Buryats, are becoming a threat. Young people are potentially ready to abandon their traditional ethnic milieu, live in a multiethnic society, and marry outside of their ethnicity. The growth of assimilative tendencies results in the erosion of ethnicity is a challenge which the Buryat people must face. It is concluded that a new model of Buryat ethnicity is needed at the present stage.
A Multidisciplinary Study of Egyptian Mummies from the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Methodical Aspects)
Authors: Yatsishina E. B. , Vasilyev S. V. , Borutskaya S. B. , Nikitin A. S. , Nikitin S. A. , Galeev R. M. , Kartashov S. I. , Ushakov V. L. , Vasilieva O. A. , Dyuzheva O. P. , Novikov M. M. , Chichaev I. A.
Published: October 2019

We present the results of a multidisciplinary study (the fi rst one in Russia) of nine Egyptian mummies owned by the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Moscow), carried out at the Kurchatov Institute. A detailed description of the methods is provided. X-ray computed tomography is shown to be a highly informative non-destructive technique for studying the 3D structures of mummies. On the basis of the results, plus the conclusions of forensic experts, a detailed anthropological analysis was conducted. Mummifi cation techniques, sex, and age of all individuals were assessed. In three cases, the sex differed from that indicated in the museum inventory. Morphologically, all crania represent varieties of the Mediterranean type. One individual, however, has typically sub-Saharan features. Pathological changes concern mostly the spine and are both age-related and traumatic. In two individuals, spinal pathologies might have caused death.
Cases of Undiagnosed Open Eye Injury: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment
Authors: Chentsova E. V. , Alekseeva I. B. , Verigo E. N. , Vlasova V. A. , Fedoseeva E. V. , Flora S. V. , Gamzaeva U. S.
Published: October 2019

Open eye injury (OTG), in the structure of eye damage is up to 35.0–85.0 %, the level of disability among the working part of the male population from 26 to 55 years ranges from 25.0–47.5 %, and the removal of the eyeball due to traumatic pathology is 6.5–26.3 % of cases. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the consequences of undiagnosed cases of open injury, successfully treated in the Department of traumatology and reconstructive surgery. Attention is focused on some diagnostic techniques that contribute to the correct diagnosis, especially in undiagnosed and unoperated timely sub — conjunctival sclera ruptures that occur in 1.0–2.6 % of cases of OTG. This pathology leads to the development of severe complications with a persistent decrease in visual functions, detachment of the inner shells, with the formation of staphylomatous, cystic changes, as a rule, along the upper limb in 0.5–1.0 mm from it. There are 3 clinical cases with the description of surgical restoration of the integrity of the scleral capsule in combination with intraocular surgery, which led to good anatomical, cosmetic and functional results. In the first case, the patient with the consequence of injury with wooden shavings 6 months ago was performed a delayed revision of vascular staphyloma after separation of the conjunctiva and plastic defect sclera cadaver scleral flap. Visual acuity of OD increased from 0.4 to 0.8. The second case is the consequences of an open eye injury, dislocation of the lens under the conjunctiva. The patient underwent a delayed revision of the scleral wound with removal of the lens, microinvasive vitrectomy with removal of hemophthalmos, iris plasty and secondary IOL implantation. Visual acuity improved with pr.l.certae up to 0.7. The third case is a patient with the consequences of open trauma, staphyloma vascular, complete coloboma of the iris, traumatic cataract. Were facoaspiration traumatic cataract with IOL implantation and plasticity of the iris, delayed revision of the scleral wound plasty of the defect cadaverous sclera. Visual acuity improved with pr.l.certae to 0.2 n/K.Conclusion.Thus, thanks to the use of clinical and diagnostic methods of research and high-tech surgical technique of treatment, it was possible to achieve optimal anatomical, cosmetic results in patients with long-term consequences of complicated open eye injury. Despite the severe anatomical consequences, good functional results were obtained in all cases. In our opinion, this can be explained by the absence of damage to the choroid during the injury, which, according to the literature, mainly leads to massive bleeding into the inner shells and cavities of the eye, the development of ischemia and is the trigger for the development of vitreoretinal proliferation.
Features of Diagnosis and Treatment of the Drug-Induced Glaucoma Clinical Case
Authors: Simakova I. L. , Kulikov A. N. , Tikhonovskay I. A. , Sukhinin M. V. , Berezin R. D. , Babakhanov T. G.
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To describe the interesting and fairly rare due to its features clinical case of secondary glaucoma caused by prolonged use of corticosteroids in the composition of ocular drops and ointments for the treatment of chronic blepharitis. Key points: The features of this case are the young age of the patient, as well as late diagnosis of steroid glaucoma and concomitant systemic disease in the form of psoriatic spondylitis, despite regular examinations of the patient by ophthalmologists from various medical institutions over the past two years in connection with the treatment of chronic blepharitis with frequent exacerbations in both eyes. The abolition of corticosteroid drugs, complex treatment in combination with immunocorrection, systemic therapy of psoriatic spondylitis and surgical treatment of glaucoma in both eyes led to long-term remission of chronic blepharitis, stabilization of the glaucomatous process and improvement of the patient’s quality of life. Conclusion: Ophthalmologists should monitor the level of intraocular pressure in all patients who are treated with drugs containing corticosteroids
Analysis of the Needs of the Visually Impaired in the Social Rehabilitation Services and Technical Means of Rehabilitation According to the Medical and Sociological Research
Authors: Sevastianov M. A. , Bozhkov I. A. , Luchkevich V. S. , Кarasaeva L. A. , Molchanova O. S.
Published: October 2019

Purpose: to conduct an analysis of the needs for social rehabilitation services and technical means of rehabilitation for visually impaired people in St. Petersburg. Materials and methods. A medical-sociological study was carried out on a specially developed questionnaire, which makes it possible to analyze the needs of the visually impaired in socio-rehabilitation activities and technical means of rehabilitation. Also, the official state statistical reporting data were used: «forms 7-sobes» for 2015–2016. The study included 250 people. at the age of 18–80 years, who had a disability in sight. Results. The overwhelming majority of visually impaired people (98.4 %) have disabilities of groups I and II. The proportion of disabled people in group II is the highest and amounts to 62.2 %, the proportion of disabled people in group III is the lowest — 1.6 %. Among the total number of employees, the greatest share was occupied by the disabled of the I group (41.7 %), more than half of whom (54.9 %) had no professional education. The majority of visually impaired people (62.8 %) preferred to receive social and rehabilitation services in a center specialized in the Center for Medical and Social Rehabilitation of the Visually Impaired in St. Petersburg. The need for sanatorium treatment for disabled people was significant — 73.2 %, but it was satisfied in 7.2 %. It is established that the real needs of the visually impaired in various types of technical means of rehabilitation are much greater than those suggested in the «Federal List of Rehabilitation Measures, Technical Remedies and Services Provided to the Disabled». In St. Petersburg, about 50.0 % of the visually impaired need high-tech rehabilitation equipment, for example, in a mobile phone, computer or laptop, etc. But due to their absence in the federal and regional lists, they are forced to purchase at their own expense. The conclusion. It is advisable to provide social and rehabilitation services for visually impaired people on the basis of specialized centers (departments) that have a more diverse set of services for the most complete satisfaction of their needs. The needs for sanatorium treatment are minimally satisfied, which makes it necessary to improve the system of organization of sanatorium-and-spa treatment. For the visually impaired, the need for technical means of rehabilitation is satisfied at 75.0 %, which is the basis for considering the issue of expanding the range of the Federal List.
MODELAGEM DO FLUXO DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS EM ÁREA DE CONSERVAÇÃO NO SUDOESTE PAULISTA
Authors: Pinheiro M. P. M. A. , Manzione R. L.
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para fornecer um conhecimento específico sobre o comportamento hidrogeológico da área da Estação Ecológica de Avaré (EEcAv), especialmente sobre a dinâmica do fluxo da água subterrânea, mostrando a importância da preservação das áreas de conservação ambiental do Estado de São Paulo para segurança hídirca. A área de estudo, está localizada no município de Avaré/SP, ocupa uma extensão territorial de aproximadamente 720 hectares. Para este estudo, foram utilizados: um modelo digital de terreno SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) com resolução de 30 metros; e os seguintes softwares, para subsidiar a análise: QGIS, SAGA e MapWindow (extensão TauDEM). Com a ajuda dessas ferramentas, foi possível modelar o fluxo de água subterrânea estimando a Direção do Fluxo, Fluxo Acumulado e Índice de Umidade Topográfica (ITU) da área. Com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o fluxo subterrâneo da EEcAv está direcionado para os locais com maior umidade, ou seja, os rios Novo e Pardo; e também mostra que a estação está situada entre corredores hídricos reforçando sua importância ambiental.
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para fornecer um conhecimento específico sobre o comportamento hidrogeológico da área da Estação Ecológica de Avaré (EEcAv), especialmente sobre a dinâmica do fluxo da água subterrânea, mostrando a importância da preservação das áreas de conservação ambiental do Estado de São Paulo para segurança hídirca. A área de estudo, está localizada no município de Avaré/SP, ocupa uma extensão territorial de aproximadamente 720 hectares. Para este estudo, foram utilizados: um modelo digital de terreno SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) com resolução de 30 metros; e os seguintes softwares, para subsidiar a análise: QGIS, SAGA e MapWindow (extensão TauDEM). Com a ajuda dessas ferramentas, foi possível modelar o fluxo de água subterrânea estimando a Direção do Fluxo, Fluxo Acumulado e Índice de Umidade Topográfica (ITU) da área. Com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o fluxo subterrâneo da EEcAv está direcionado para os locais com maior umidade, ou seja, os rios Novo e Pardo; e também mostra que a estação está situada entre corredores hídricos reforçando sua importância ambiental.
A materialidade dos discursos sobre a pessoa com deficiência física neuromotora/paralisia cerebral
Authors: Barroso de Almeida Júnior Claudovil
Published: October 2019

Historicamente, a pessoa com deficiência física neuromotora/paralisia cerebral ao nascer carrega simbolicamente conceitos que lhes são atribuídos em razão desta não corresponder às expectativas sociais. Dessa maneira, tendo o anseio de observar como os mesmos se materializam, o estudo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções presentes nos discursos sobre a pessoa com deficiência física neuromotora/paralisia cerebral em produções artísticas, como também acadêmicas. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se a pesquisa exploratória de carácter qualitativo, com a investigação de trabalhos que dialogam com a temática em evidência. Quanto aos resultados, observa-se que a materialidade dos discursos sobre a pessoa com deficiência física neuromotora/paralisia cerebral se encontra em um território que subverte esse sujeito, reforçando uma anormalidade produzida ideologicamente, com a finalidade de moldá-lo para ser “aceito” socialmente. Logo, é necessário que as concepções superem a visão mecanicista sobre essa pessoa, com respeito às diferenças, colaborando para o seu empoderamento como interlocutora de resistências e lutas contra sua exclusão no contexto social.
Novas abordagens sobre “o internacional”: teorias, objetos e metodologias
Authors: Risso Sales Camila Maria , Garcez Targa Leandro
Published: October 2019

Este artigo está orientado pelo princípio de que as metodologias de pesquisa que analisam as relações sociais locais podem ser as mesmas que as pensam em âmbito global. Este princípio epistemológico ajuda a compreender e questionar os limites da produção de conhecimento tradicional das Relações Internacionais. As conexões e diferenciações entre o nacional e o internacional são fruto de processos complexos, construídos historicamente, a partir de elementos internos e externos aos Estados. Nestes processos, orientados pela sociologia relacional de Pierre Bourdieu e o construtivismo de Alexander Wendt, partimos da premissa de que o mundo social é relacional e formado por lutas e disputas, em que as relações estabelecidas pelos países dependem do contexto social, político e cultural. Tendo em vista a relevância desses processos, visamos pensar o fenômeno internacional a partir de perspectivas não tradicionais, que superem os limites das abordagens já consagradas das Relações Internacionais e que proponham agendas de pesquisa. Estas perspectivas passam necessariamente por repensar a noção de Estado que a tradição das Relações Internacionais consagrou e pouco se propõem a debater. Assim, visamos levantar possibilidades a respeito de objetos, metodologias e aportes teóricos inovadores propondo novas explicações sobre as relações sociais e políticas em âmbitos internacionalizados.
Conhecimento tradicional de plantas medicinais na comunidade ribeirinha do Igarapé Banha no Município de Mazagão - Amapá, Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Souza Mauricio José Cordeiro , Lobato Samara Lutyelle Xavier , Menezes Rubens Alex De Oliveira
Published: October 2019

Este estudo objetivou descrever o conhecimento popular de plantas medicinais empregadas pelos moradores ribeirinhos da comunidade do Igarapé Banha, em Mazagão no Amapá, região Amazônica brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, elaborado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturada, sendo incluídas 100 pessoas no período de outubro a dezembro de 2017. Do total de entrevistados, 96% (96/100) consideram que possuem conhecimento para usar adequadamente as plantas no tratamento de saúde e 84% (84/100) disseram ter recebido esse conhecimento através de seus pais. Quanto ao uso das plantas para tratamento de saúde 71% (71/100) confirmaram seu uso, 55% (55/100) consideram que as plantas possuem um efeito melhor do que os medicamentos industrializados, 92% (92/100) confia e fica satisfeita com os resultados alcançados e 98% referiram que não conhecem nenhum efeito, reação ou contraindicação do uso de plantas medicinais. Conclui-se que é notável o uso das plantas medicinais neste estudo, sendo uma herança cultural ao tratamento terapêutico de diversas doenças associado aos conhecimentos empíricos e crenças indígenas e caboclas. A sua utilização trata-se de uma alternativa barata, eficaz e de fácil acesso, além de ser uma prática aceita pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.
Identificação das classes de metabólitos secundários em extratos etanólicos foliares de Campomanesia adamantium, Dimorphandra mollis, Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Kielmeyera lathrophytum e Solanum lycocarpum
Authors: Pereira de Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos , Frederico de Souza Castro Carlos
Published: October 2019

O bioma Cerrado apresenta inúmeras espécies vegetais que ainda possuem poucos dados na literatura a respeito dos compostos fitoquímicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar através da triagem fitoquímica dos compostos químicos nos extratos foliares de C. adamantium, D. mollis, H. stigonocarpa, K. lathrophytum e S. lycocarpum. Folhas foram coletadas em uma área de Cerrado, onde foram produzidos extratos etanólicos sendo avaliados por testes fitoquímicos. Foram obtidos a partir dos testes fitoquímicos qualitativos a presença de compostos, de ácidos orgânicos, açúcares redutores, alcaloides, catequinas, cumarinas, depsídeos, depsidonas, ligações olefínicas, fenóis, flavonóides, glicosídeos cardiotônicos, saponinas e taninos, e não foram detectados compostos polissacarídicos e purinas nos cinco extratos etanólicos foliares avaliados. A pesquisa preliminar realizada para os extratos foliares avaliados possibilitou o conhecimento prévio indicando a natureza das substâncias presentes nos preparados populares.
Emirati Identity and Social Interaction in the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah
Authors: Ledstrup Martin
Published: October 2019

"The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a rapidly developing country. According to a common assumption in media and scholarship, however, this development has come with a price: The UAE’s expanding expatriate population has led Emiratis to become more diligent about asserting their national identity. Many suggest that, in celebrating their national culture and local heritage, Emiratis have effectively isolated themselves from expatriates—both physically and symbolically.
In what follows, this paper approaches these issues through an ethnographic lens and identifies the above understanding of Emirati national identity as a form of stereotype. It argues that the stereotype of Emiratis who culturally isolate themselves is challenged by the behavior of Emiratis in the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah. Observers who contend that Emiratis do not typically interact with expatriates may be, at best, basing their view on experiences rooted in emirates such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi, but this perspective cannot account for Emiratis as a whole. In contrast to stereotypes about Emirati identity and the social isolation that it produces, it appears possible for Emiratis in Ras Al Khaimah to maintain a sense of national identity while interacting with expatriates. The important point to grasp, from this discussion, is that Emiratis value their identity in many different and often individualized ways, making generaliations about their national identity dubious."
Improving Arab Students’ Academic Achievement: The Crucial Role of Rapid Reading and Grammar Mastery in the Early Grades
Authors: Abadzi Helen
Published: October 2019

"Overall, Arab countries score lower in international assessments than non-Arab countries. The gap may be partly due to the visual complexities of Arabic script patterns and a limited command of standard Arabic grammar. Cognitive research suggests that students must process content instantly in order to retain it in working memory and make sense of it. Modern teaching methods may offer little reading practice or study of grammatical patterns, so students may read slowly, understand little, and process shorter texts than those administered in international assessments. Thus students’ working memory may be unable to contain messages long enough to make sense of them and respond correctly.
To overcome the challenges of visual and grammatical complexity, students studying in Arabic must become fluent and effortless readers by the end of Grade 1, if possible. They should also learn orally and systematically the standard Arabic grammatical patterns needed to comprehend text instantly and precisely. Instructional time must be used to practice these skills and attain automaticity in reading and language comprehension. Pilots have showed sizable effect performance improvement in Grade 1. Interventions that focus on perceptual learning and working memory issues may help Arab countries perform at par with others."
تحويل تشخيص فحص سرطان الثدي في إمارة رأس الخيمة
Authors: م. البيشان سلمان , ماكي، سيدة ز مارتن ج. , سي برينان . حسين، باتريك
Published: October 2019

"في العقود القليلة الماضية شهدت الإمارات العربيةالمتحدةتغيراٍتاقتصاديٍة،واجتماعيٍة، وثقافيٍةكبيرٍةأدتإلىتغيرٍملحوٍظفيأسلوب حياةالفردمنالأسلوبالتقليديإلىأسلوبحياٍة ذات طابع غربي. بالرغم من أن معدلات الإصابة والوفاة بسرطان الثدي أقل في دولة الإمارات مقارنًةبالدولالغربية،إلاأنهناكازدياداًتصاعدياً ملحوظاً في كلا المعدلين بين النساء الإماراتيات اللاتي يكون سرطان الثدي لديهن أكثر شدة، وغالباًمايشخصنفيعمٍرصغيرٍنسبياً،وبالتالي إذا ما أريد تخفيض عبء سرطان الثدي فيجب تطبيقاستراتيجياتكشٍفمبكٍرفعالٍةمعمعدلات مشاركٍةعاليٍةفيفحوصاتالكشفالمبكر،ومع ذلك ينبغي تصميم هذه الاستراتيجيات الوقائية لاحتياجاتوممارساتالمرأةالإماراتية.بناًءعلىما سبق فقد تم تنفيذ المشروع الحالي في الفترة ما بين عامي (2015 - 2016م) في إمارة رأس الخيمة، والذي يهدف إلى دراسة المعتقدات والأفكار تجاه سرطان الثدي وطرق فحصه، ويهدف المشروع أي ًضا لدراسة كثافة الثدي وتحديد مستوياتها للتأكد من فعالية التصوير الإشعاعي للثدي (الماموجرام) في الكشف المبكر عن سرطان الثدي. وتقدم هذه الورقة خمس توصيا ٍت من أجل رفع مستوى الوعي والثقافة الصحية تجاه سرطان الثدي، وزيادة نسبة المشاركة في فحوصات الكشف المبكر، وجعلها أكثر
ملائم ًة لمجتمع رأس الخيمة."
The Potential of Ultrasound Technology and Chemotherapy Carriers in Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Husseini Ghaleb , Abbas Yassmine , Awad Nahid
Published: October 2019

In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women, and chemotherpy is widly used to treat it. However, chemotherapy drugs are not able to differentiate between the cancerous and healthy tissues. This leads to the well-known, harmful side effects of this treatment, which include hair loss, fatigue, nausea, and a weakened immune system. This paper argues for the potential effectiveness of delivering chemotherapy drugs to tumors in protective barriers (drug encapsulation in a nano-carrier) that isolate the drug from healthy tissues, minimizing side effects and increasing the quality of life of patients and their families. When injected into the bloodstream, these nanocarriers will diffuse into the tumor and ultrasonic waves can then be administered at the tumor site in order to release the chemotherapy drug from its capsule. This will restrict the drug to the physical location of the cancerous cells. This policy paper offers a number of recommendations related to furthering this research for the benefit of UAE citizens, residents, and those impacted by breast cancer around the world.
THE EFFECT OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING INDEX ON ISLAMIC BANKING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Aning Kesuma , Fitriyanti Eka , Sulistiana Ineu , Fahria Izma , Hidayati
Published: October 2019

Purpose of this study: This study was conducted to analyze the factors that affect the disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Islamic Banking on the stock exchange and analyze the data carried out on the annual report of six Islamic banks in 2013-2017. The results of this study are expected to facilitate the Islamic banks to apply the principle of full disclosure with Islam in a more comprehensive way.

Methodology: The sampling technique used is sampling considerations obtained with a total sample of six Islamic banks in Indonesia. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression.

Main Findings: The level of disclosure of social responsibility reporting in Islamic perspective, using ISR index explains that Islamic Banks having a high index of ISR obtained by Bank Muamalat Indonesia that managed to reach the value of 20 and above, more precisely 32 components of the total index of ISR 48 component in the year 2017. Based on the hypothesis testing, it is found that the F-test of profitability factor and leverage, simultaneously or together influence the factors in the disclosure of ISR in Islamic Banking in Indonesia. Based on the hypothesis testing for the t-test, it is found that profitability and leverage do not affect the disclosure of ISR in Islamic Bank in Indonesia.

Implication: This research will serve as a reference material for improving the ISR performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia so that there is an even distribution of income.
Is removal of proximo-plantar osteochondral fragments necessary in young Thoroughbreds?
Authors: Dubuc Julia , Akkari Christopher
Published: October 2019

PICO question
In young Thoroughbreds with osteochondral fragments of the proximo-plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx, does pre-emptive surgical removal of the fragments compared to conservative (non-surgical) management reduce the incidence of subsequent lameness?
Clinical bottom line
There is currently insufficient data to determine the impact, on subsequent lameness, of conservative versus surgical management of proximo-plantar osteochondral fragments in young Thoroughbreds. Indeed, only three relevant studies were found, which include one retrospective study and two smaller case series. Since there are no substantive studies that have specifically focused on the treatment of plantar osteochondral fragmentation in Thoroughbred racehorses, the strength of evidence currently available is low.
ALL STIMULI ARE EQUAL, BUT SOME ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS: MEASURING RELATIONAL PREFERENCES WITHIN AN EQUIVALENCE CLASS
Authors: Doran Erica , Fields Lanny
Published: October 2019

Two experiments used post‐class formation within‐class relational assessment test performances to evaluate whether participants demonstrated preference for certain members of an equivalence class based on the type of relation that existed between class members. In Experiment 1, two 5‐node 7‐member equivalence classes, consisting entirely of nonsense syllables, were established using the simultaneous protocol. Only 1 of the 6 participants in Experiment 1 formed classes. After class formation, the effects of the different relations between stimuli were evaluated using within‐class relational assessment tests, and the 1 participant showed an absolute preference for transitive over equivalence relations, and for baseline over symmetrical relations. Experiment 2 was identical to Experiment 1, except that one of the nonsense syllable stimuli in each class was replaced by a pictorial stimulus. Under these conditions, classes were formed by 5 of 13 participants. During the relational assessment tests, the 5 participants who formed classes demonstrated almost exclusive preferences for transitive relations over equivalence relations and for trained baseline relations over symmetrical relations. Thus, this research demonstrates that the members of equivalence classes are differentially related to each other based on relational type.
REINFORCER MAGNITUDE ATTENUATES APOMORPHINE'S EFFECTS ON OPERANT PECKING
Authors: Pinkston Jonathan W. , Lamb R. J.
Published: October 2019

When given to pigeons, the direct‐acting dopamine agonist apomorphine elicits pecking. The response has been likened to foraging pecking because it bears remarkable similarity to foraging behavior, and it is enhanced by food deprivation. On the other hand, other data suggest the response is not related to foraging behavior and may even interfere with food ingestion. Although elicited pecking interferes with food capture, it may selectively alter procurement phases of feeding, which can be isolated in operant preparations. To explore the relation between operant and elicited pecking, we provided pigeons the opportunity to earn different reinforcer magnitudes during experimental sessions. During signaled components, each of 4 pigeons could earn 2‐, 4‐, or 8‐s access to grain for a single peck made at the end of a 5‐min interval. In general, responding increased as a function of reinforcer magnitude. Apomorphine increased pecking for 2 pigeons and decreased pecking for the other 2. In both cases, apomorphine was more potent under the component providing the smallest reinforcer magnitude. Analysis of the pattern of pecking across the interval indicated that behavior lost its temporal organization as dose increased. Because apomorphine‐induced pecking varied inversely with reinforcer magnitude, we conclude that elicited pecks are not functionally related to food procurement. The data are consistent with the literature on behavioral resistance to change and suggest that the effects of apomorphine may be modulated by prevailing stimulus—reinforcer relationships.
A REPLICATION AND EXTENSION OF THE ANTISYMMETRY EFFECT IN PIGEONS
Authors: Urcuioli Peter J. , Swisher Melissa
Published: October 2019

Pigeons trained on successive AB symbolic matching show emergent BA antisymmetry if they are also trained on successive AA oddity and BB identity (Urcuioli, 2008, Experiment 4). In other words, when tested on BA probe trials following training, they respond more to the comparisons on the reverse of the nonreinforced AB baseline trials than on the reverse of the reinforced AB baseline trials (the opposite of an associative symmetry pattern). The present experiment replicated this finding. In addition, it showed that antisymmetry also emerged after baseline training on successive AB symbolic matching, AA identity, and BB oddity, consistent with the prediction from Urcuioli's (2008) theory of pigeons' stimulus‐class formation. Together, these results provide further empirical support for that theory including the proposition that the functional stimuli in pigeons' successive matching consist of the nominal stimuli plus their ordinal positions within a trial.
Residuos urbanos, agrícolas y pecuarios en el contexto de las biorrefinerías
Authors: Gómez-Soto James Andrés , Sánchez-Toro Óscar Julián , Matallana-Pérez Luis Gerónimo
Published: October 2019

La generación de residuos se está incrementando a nivel global y su deficiente aprovechamiento provoca serios problemas ambientales, económicos y sociales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar el estado del arte de los residuos sólidos urbanos, agrícolas y pecuarios en cuanto a cantidad y composición, así como analizar el concepto de biorrefinerías desde su diseño como una alternativa sostenible para el aprovechamiento de materias primas residuales. La consulta de la información se realizó en diferentes bases de datos como Web of Science, Scopus y Google Scholar. El análisis de la información permitió identificar que los residuos se producen en cantidades considerables y poseen compuestos orgánicos de valor, que son aprovechados en mayor o menor proporción de acuerdo con factores tecnológicos, culturales y socio-económicos en cada región particular. Son necesarias nuevas políticas para la gestión integral de los residuos sólidos que integren el concepto de biorrefinerías desde la generación y separación en la fuente hasta su aprovechamiento y disposición final. La implementación adecuada de procesos físicos, termoquímicos, químicos y biológicos bajo el concepto de biorrefinerías puede recuperar o transformar de forma integral las materias primas residuales para la obtención de productos como biocombustibles, alimentos y energía. Se hace necesario diseñar biorrefinerías para determinar su viabilidad en el aprovechamiento de los residuos. Explorar este tipo de alternativas evaluando diferentes factores (tecno-económico, ambiental y social), puede apoyar la toma de decisiones de inversión e investigación en tecnologías de aprovechamiento para ser implementadas a pequeña o gran escala en regiones de Colombia y el mundo con gran disponibilidad de residuos.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF Guazuma ulmifolia Lamark.- SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Cunha Elga Lopes , Barros Simone Santos Oliveira , Perim Michele Cezimbra , Santos Klismam Marques dos , Martins Maria Laura , Nascimento Guilherme Nobre L. do
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

The Guazuma ulmifolia Lamark (Malvaceae) is a non-endemic plant, popularly known as mutamba. Its leaves and roots are used in home remedies against dysentery and diarrhea, in the treatment of prostate, as a uterine stimulant and other diseases. Due to the characteristics presented and the growing interest in this species, a systematic review was carried out on the possible pharmacological and toxicological effects of Guazuma ulmifolia Lamark. As active compounds, the articles cited the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds and steroids in different parts of the plant and extracted with different solvents. Regarding the experimental studies, no articles were found with clinical test, and only 4 in vivo studies. About the pharmacological effects we can mention activity against leishmaniasis, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, anti-obesity, antiseptic, cicatrizant and anthelmintic. The registered toxicological tests were directed against lineages of cancer cells, proving effective, however, there is a need for studies to attest the safety of G. ulmifolia use by the population. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out further studies to ensure the use of this plant, to know doses and form of indication, as well as clinical studies in order to guarantee a correct therapy.

Keywords: Guazuma ulmifolia, toxicity, medicinal plants.
Studi Performansi Jarak Jangkauan Lora-Dragino Sebagai Infrastruktur Konektifitas Nirkabel Pada WP-LAN
Authors: Murdyantoro Eko , Rosyadi Imron , Septian Hilmi
Published: October 2019

Dalam sistem Internet of things (IoT), berbagai macam obyek fisik disekitar manusia akan disensor dan direpresentasikan menjadi data digital untuk mendukung produktifitas manusia. Sensor dan aktuator sebagai node akan terhubung satu sama lain untuk diproses oleh sistem cerdas. Ada beberapa pilihan teknologi bagi pengembang sistem IoT untuk mengimplementasikan konektivitas antar node tersebut. Teknologi konektivitas nirkabel tersebut antara lain dengan modul GSM, wifi, bluetooth LE, Zigbee, NB-IoT, Sigfox dan LoRa yang menjadi topik studi ini. Teknologi LoRa dikembangkan terutama diproyeksikan sebagai infrastruktur konektifitas nirkabel pada sistem IoT. Beberapa potensi kelebihan fitur LoRa yang diklaim LoRa Alliance antara lain berdaya rendah; dapat mendukung konektifitas IoT skala luas sampai ribuan node dalam satu sel; dan termasuk dalam kategori jangkauan radio jarak jauh. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji performansi jarak jangkauan radio dari modul LoRa OLG01 pada sistem IoT yang dikembangkan pada frekuensi ISM 915MHz di atmosfer Indonesia. Dalam studi ini konfigurasikan node yang terhubung ke gateway agar dapat terhubung ke internet menjadi sistem IoT dengan set SF=7 dan BW= 125 kHz. Pembahasan dibatasi pada pengujian performansi jarak jangkauan dengan parameter RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) dan jarak saat LOS (line of sight) dan non LOS (ada halangan). Jangkauan LoRa saat ini yang berhasil diukur sekitar radius 400m. Jarak jangkauan ini masih belum sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diharapkan yaitu sampai radius 5 km, sehingga masih perlu dicari solusi dan konfigurasi yang lebih optimal