bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectives for usage of adsorption semiconductor sensors based on Pd/SnO2 in environmental monitoring of carbon monoxide and methane emission
Authors: Oleksenko Lyudmila , Fedorenko George , Matushko Igor , Maksymovych Nelly , Vasylenko Inna
Published: June 2021

Nanosized semiconductor sensor materials based on SnO2 with different palladium contents were obtained via zol-gel technology with the use of ethylene glycol and hydrate of tin (VI) chloride as precursors. Morphology and phase composition of nanosized sensor materials were studied by X-ray diffraction and TEM methods. Catalytic activities of the Pd/SnO2 nanomaterials in the reaction of H2 and CO oxidation were investigated. Adsorption semiconductor sensors based on Pd/SnO2 nanomaterials were made by their calcination up to 620 0C in air and the sensors were found to be highly sensitive to presence of CO and CH4 in air ambient. Higher responses to CO of Pd-containing sensors in comparison with their responses to CH4 were confirmed by higher reaction activity of CO in catalytic oxidation reaction. Differences in sensitive properties of the sensors to methane and carbon monoxide were explained by features of the catalytic reactions of methane and carbon monoxide oxidation occurring on surfaces of the gas sensitive layers of the sensors.
Development of sustainable compositions and study of the properties of porous aggregates from the waste of a mining and processing plants
Authors: Liulchenko Yevhen , Sakhno Serhiy , Sergiienko Tetiana , Sergiienko Maxim
Published: June 2021

In connection with the growing need for saving natural resources used in aggregates for concrete, the importance of lightweight structural aggregates obtained from production waste is continuously increasing. Lightweight structural concretes on porous aggregates can significantly reduce own weight of structures, make it possible to manufacture larger structures, reduce transport costs, and improve the thermal insulation and acoustic properties of enclosing structures. The use of waste from the mining and metallurgical industry to produce construction materials significantly reduces environmental pollution. The article is devoted to studying the possibility of using wastes from the mining and processing industry of enterprises of the Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin to produce lightweight porous aggregate. The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of the charge's granulometric composition, the quantitative content of the raw mix components, and the temperature of heat treatment on aggregate quality. The most suitable raw material mixture for artificial aggregate has been determined. The results of X-ray diffraction thermographic analysis of raw granules are presented. The influence of technological factors on the aggregate density and strength has been studied using mathematical modeling. The obtained equations made it possible to reveal the regularities of the raw mixture's components and temperature for the optimal aggregate density and strength. The results of studying the structure and porosity of the developed aggregate are presented. The results of X-ray thermographic analysis of the aggregate explain the mechanism of pore formation in the pellets. The basic physical and mechanical properties of the obtained aggregate are investigated, particularly attention pairing to the study of the aggregate’s contact zone with the cement stone.
Efficiency of application of fiber concrete as a material for manufacturing bodies of centrifugal pumps
Authors: Yelemessov Kassym , Nauryzbayeva Dilda , Bortebayev Saiyn , Baskanbayeva Dinara , Chubenko Viktoriya
Published: June 2021

The report presents the results of research on the use of composite material - fiber-reinforced concrete for the manufacture of centrifugal pump bodies. The, optimal composition of fiber-reinforced concrete with the required strength characteristics has been established. The method of casting a pump body and the results of industrial tests to determine the technological parameters of a centrifugal pump are presented. The results obtained showed that fiber-reinforced concrete bodies have an advantage over metal ones and can be recommended for use in mechanical engineering in the manufacture of centrifugal pump bodies.
Force index computation for a magnetic separator based on permanent magnet
Authors: Kassid Fatima Ezzahra , Azelmad Essaâdia , Bousshine Lahbib , Berdai Abdelmajid
Published: June 2021

Magnetic separation devices are widely used to separate tramp of iron from a specific feed of materials. Many industries rely on those devises and the variety of technological solution depend mainly on the characteristic of the tramp to be separated. In this paper, main characteristics of low intensity magnetic separation devices based on permanent magnets for dry feed are considered to evaluate force index computation.
Plant secondary metabolites as bioactive substances for innovative biotechnologies
Authors: Revutska Anastasiia , Belava Viсtoriya , Golubenko Anastasiia , Taran Nataliya , Chen Minglei
Published: June 2021

Plants are natural sources of bioactive compounds, and the intensive use of wild plants to obtain them, in particular secondary metabolites, depletes natural biocenoses. Instead, modern biotechnological methods, especially cell and tissue culture in vitro, make it possible to get environmentally friendly, highly productive plant raw materials that are able to synthesize and accumulate specialized substances, which are valuable for pharmacology, cosmetology, and medicine. Regenerating in vitro-plants of different plant species such as Acorus calamus L., Phalaenopsis sp. were obtained in our research. It was proved that by changing the cultivation conditions it is possible to change the content of substances of secondary metabolites in explants and in the nutrient medium under aseptic culture.
Modelling for degreasing the mining equipment downtime by optimizing blasting period at Erdenet surface mine
Authors: Kyelgyenbai Khavalbolot , Pysmennyi Serhii , Chukharev Serhii , Purev Batbolor , Jambaa Ijilmaa
Published: June 2021

Erdenet copper-molybdenum deposit is the biggest one in the world and has a significant impact on Mongolian society and economy. Today LIEBHERR-994B hydraulic shovels from Germany, electric shovels including EKG-10 and EKG-15 from Russia operate for the mining works, and dump truck BelAZ - 75130 used for transportation. The causes of shovel downtime are classified as technical, technological, and organizational. During the study period, 41% of the total downtime of the excavator’s park was technical, 45% was technological, and 11% was organizational downtime. For shovels, 7% of technological downtime is due to blasting, and for dump trucks 8.7%. In open-pit mining, blasting is performed on a weekly basis, so the duration of this technological downtime can be considered almost constant. If the time between blasts or period of blasting can be arranged optimally, it will be possible to reduce mining equipment’s downtime due to blasting.
Increasing efficiency of iron ore magnetic separation by using ultrasonic technologies
Authors: Morkun Vladimir , Morkun Natalia , Tron Vitalii , Golik Vladimir , Davidkovich Arkadii
Published: June 2021

The research is aimed at solving the topical problem of enhancing efficiency of iron ore magnetic separation by applying ultrasonic technologies to identify optimal technological parameters of magnetic separation, improving controlled structural parameters of a magnetic separator and pretreating slurry by highenergy ultrasound to clean the ore material surface from fine-dispersed particles of minerals and slime, as well as disintegrate ore aggregates fed to the magnetic separator. The main tasks involve identifying regularities of influence of slurry pretreatment by high-energy ultrasound on properties of iron ore magnetic separation, determining regulations of improving technological and controlled structural parameters of the magnetic separator using ultrasonic methods, developing and substantiating methods to enhance efficiency of iron ore magnetic separation by applying ultrasonic technologies.
Implementation of the cascade waste use principle by application of sewage sludge on lands disturbed by mining operations
Authors: Skrypnyk Oleh , Uvarova Liliya , Yakubenko Leonyd , Ilchenko Nataliya , Ogorodnikov Sergey
Published: June 2021

Object of research - disturbed lands of Ingulets Iron Ore dressing Work (Ingulets GZK) The purpose of work - development and substantiation of technology of realization of principles of cascade waste use. Research methods – field experiment, comparative analysis, systems analysis. As part of the implementation of the cascade waste use principle, the results of research on the impact of the application of sewage sludge on formation of protosoils on the rocks of Ingulets GZK dumps are presented. The application of sewage sludge significantly increases the absorption capacity of overburden. A secondary soil absorbing complex is formed, which is able to accumulate and retain mineral nutrients of plants, especially calcium and magnesium cations. In the conditions of field research the influence of treatment of rocks with organic matter of sewage with introduction of seeds of perspective species was studied. Comparative analysis of vegetation shows a positive effect of the treatment of overburden with organic matter on productivity and morphometric performance of trees and shrubs. A comparison of the average condition of plant objects after treatment with organic matter and control studies shows the following: the vitality of herbaceous and tree species increases; the total projective cover and average height of plants increases; biodiversity.
The use of the construction with a digital camera and GPS receiver while researching dangerous areas
Authors: Dolgikh Oleksandr , Dolgikh Liubov , Ielezov Kostiantyn , Maletskii Nikolai
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to select an effective methods and equipment for observing deformations in dangerous areas of the terrain, such as areas that are undermined by underground mining. It is known that the topical task of the mine surveying service is to improve remote sensing methods for the state of movement zones with craters, dips, cracks. The research methodology is based on the results of the performed analysis of methods for observing deformations using modern devices and technologies, and experimental work using the developed methodology, which provides for the combined use of digital methods and GPS technologies. Experimental work was carried out at the facilities of the Ordzhonikidze mine using various remote sensing methods, including those developed by the authors. The research used a design consisting of a digital camera and a GPS receiver. The performed analysis of the obtained survey results, using the proposed design of two devices, has shown its effectiveness in remote methods of observing the objects deformations located in areas undermined by mining operations. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the methods development for remote observation of deformations of the ground's surface and objects, based on the structure use from a digital camera and a GPS receiver. This method was developed to increase the efficiency of performing research on objects deformations located in places that are dangerous for finding a person. The efficiency of using terrestrial digital stereo survey when the coordinates of the photographing points are determined with the help of GPS has been proved. The practical significance of the study lies in increasing work efficiency the on monitoring deformations of the earth's surface, buildings and structures located in areas dangerous for field work by traditional methods, which are performed using leveling and measuring the distances between the benchmarks of profile lines, which are usually used on areas undermined by underground mining. The use of terrestrial digital stereo photography with the coordination of photographing stations using GPS allows remote determination of the spatial position of the observed points with the required accuracy. Key words: ground stereoscopic survey, collapse zone, digital camera, GPS.
Enhancement of the technology of mining steep ore bodies applying the “floating” crown
Authors: Pysmennyi Serhii , Chukharev Serhii , Khavalbolot Kyelgyenbai , Bondar Iryna , Ijilmaa Jambaa
Published: June 2021

When mining ore bodies in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin, underground mines apply open stoping or bulk caving systems in proportion of 55% to 45%. Most of underground mines prefer stoping with pillar caving. Yet, rock pressure contributes to growth of costs for workings maintenance and deterioration of extraction indices. Rock mass extraction indices can be enhanced by application of a protectve structure in the upper part of the block that will enable additional decrease in load on the draw level. There are a great many of methods for determining parameters of constructive elements of the protective structure that help keep its integrity for the whole period of block mining. The article suggests methods for determining parameters of the protective structure when mining steep ore bodies. The research conducted demonstrates that with the inclined protective structure, increase of unit load on it from 200 to 1200t/m2 leads to decrease of its thickness from 6.3-20.9m to 5.5-18.4m and increase of the crown length from 40m to 60m. The developed block caving system with application of the protective structure when mining steep ore bodies enables overall decrease of ore dilution in the block by 3%, increase of iron content in the mined ore by 1.3% without significant mining costs growth and decrease of loads on the workings of the receiving level.
Application of membrane processes in mining and mineral processing
Authors: Panayotova Marinela , Panayotov Vladko
Published: June 2021

Sustainable mining and mineral processing is of paramount importance for producing metals needed for our society development. Membrane processes are able to contribute to the comprehensive extraction of metals from mined ores, while at the same time decrease the amounts of used water and reagents and ensure discharge to the environment of wastewater meeting the legislation requirements. Membranebased technologies are still underused in metals obtaining although their development and price have made their application affordable. The paper presents in brief membrane processes and displays examples of their application in various areas of mining and mineral processing, such as coping with acid mine drainage and mine influenced water, recovery of metals, reagents and water in hydrometallurgy, recovery of lithium from brines, and treatment of wastewater. Emphasis is placed on pressure driven membrane processes, as well as on the very recent studies in the area. Advantages of membrane processes application in mining and mineral processing are pointed out as well as constrains to be overcome.
Modeling of electricity production by wind power stations of Ukraine
Authors: Podhurenko Volodymyr , Kutsan Yulii , Getmanets Oleg , Terekhov Volodymyr
Published: June 2021

Based on the results of actual multi-year measurements of wind speeds, numerical calculations have been made of the forecast energy productions of 43 megawatt-high power stations of the leading world producers in the wind conditions of the North Black Sea region of Ukraine. The established correlation between the annual energy production of wind power station (WPS) and its basic parameters (nameplate capacity, diameter of the rotor and hub height) allowed to develop a mathematical model of the forecast annual energy production of WPS. The calculations for the mathematical model are well in line with the operational parameters of the generation. The mathematical model makes it possible to quickly and reliably select (or design) the optimal wind turbine for industrial wind power in the North Black Sea, thus taking a significant step in reducing the energy dependency, environmental protection and the transition to energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies enabling Ukraine to reach the level of advanced states in the development of wind energy.
Modeling the influence of factors on the level of environmental safety
Authors: Pobihun Serhii , Havadzyn Nataliia , Melnychuk Ivanna , Savko Oksana , Brezoczki Valeria Mirela
Published: June 2021

There has been established in the article the correlation and regression relationship between the factors of the country’s development and the level of environmental safety on the basis of identifying the patterns of certain factors sets influencing the volume of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. On the basis of modeling, there has been carried out the analysis of individual groups of factors influencing the volumes of harmful emissions in the countries selected for the study. The nature and degree of influence of the selected factors on the resulting indicators (volumes of harmful emissions) have been determined. It has been found that the number of these factors is significantly higher in France than in Ukraine. This is due to both the political and economic situation in the country. The level of energy efficient technologies implementation and environmental restructuring of business entities are no less significant. The ranking of factors has been carried out based on the value of the correlation coefficient within a separate group and each country. There are also highlighted differences in the research results and their reasons.
Monitoring the water quality of Jiu River in Dolj County
Authors: Faur Florin , Lazăr Maria , Apostu Izabela-Maria , Pinchuk Oleg , Klimov Serhii
Published: June 2021

Water is a renewable natural resource, but vulnerable and limited in terms of quantity and quality, which is why its exploitation must be done rationally, so as to ensure a complex recovery and a balanced distribution, depending on needs. The water management activity, which has as object the establishment and application of measures for rational use and control of water resources, quantitative and qualitative, is closely related to meeting the requirements of current legislation on exploitation and protection of water and aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the present paper presents a study carried out during 2019, having as the main objective the qualitative characterization of the Jiu River on the administrative territory of Dolj County (Romania). For this purpose, several water sampling campaigns (12, one for each month) from three control sections, established in partnership with the Jiu - Craiova Water Basin Administration, were carried out. The collected samples were analyzed in the analytical laboratory of the same institution and, on the basis of the obtained results, also considering the main existing sources of pollution, conclusions were drawn regarding the Jiu River water quality in the analyzed sector. Also, we applied an alternative control method whose purpose was to validate the initial conclusions.
The dam slope stability under the transient condition during an extreme flood
Authors: Velychko Svitlana , Dupliak Olena
Published: June 2021

Mountain Flood Control Reservoir (MFC Reservoir) is used to reduce the flood level in the mountainous area and protect settlements downstream. The special feature of this MFC Reservoir is the fast filling during 1-2 days, short storage time at the maximum level and speed falling of the water level. Simulation of the MFC Reservoir operation was carried out on the software Midas GTS NX. Two rockfill dam models were developed: with the core and with the screen. The fluctuation of the water level in the MFC Reservoir was taken as the transformed flood from 1% to 10% probability. The fast water level change in the MCF Reservoir creates the transient seepage condition during the flood. During the water level rising in the MFC Reservoir, the upstream slope stability gradually increases because of hydrostatic pressure. After the water level begins to fall with rate of 0.7 m/hour, the slope stability decreases. The core or screen location significantly affects the stability of the upstream dam slope. The simulation showed that the upstream slope of the dam with the core was more stable. Due to the high hydraulic conductivity, the upstream dam prism with the berm significantly dampens the pore pressure in the dam and increases the stability of the upstream slope.
Sexual dimorphism in shell morphology of mollusks of the genusViviparus– important objects of water resources of Ukraine
Authors: Uvayeva Olena , Vakaliuk Tetiana , Shcherbina Georgiy , Shimkovich Elena
Published: June 2021

Bioindication assessment of water bodies of Ukraine can be carried out using the ratio of males and females of mollusks of the genusViviparus. In practice, it is very convenient to determine the sex of mollusks by the differences in their shell. Male and female freshwater snailsViviparus viviparus(Linnaeus, 1758) andV. contectus(Millet, 1813) are shown to have reliable differences in shell morphology depending on their age. There is almost no sexual dimorphism by shell morphometrics and indices in Viviparus snails aged one to three years. After three years of life, mature females have significantly larger shell width, higher body whorl, and size of the aperture. Females ofV. viviparusat the age of two to five years may be differentiated from males by the relationship of mean shell width and shell height, which is statistically significant higher than in males. This difference is explained by the different size of the mantle section genital organs of mature male and female. The obtained results should be taken into consideration in establishing the sex of viviparid snails.
Geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine
Authors: Kholoshyn Ihor , Mantulenko Svitlana , Joyce Accola Sharon , Sherick Daniel , Uvaliev Talgat , Vedmitska Victoria
Published: June 2021

Based on the generalization and systematization of scientific and accounting data, the article considers agriculture as one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, providing 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports of all goods from the country. The structure and geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine are analyzed. The existing export potential of the studied sector of the national economy and the level of self-sufficiency of Ukraine in agri-food products are revealed. Four specialization types of agricultural exports from Ukrainian regions are established: areas with dominance in export of animal origin products; areas with a dominance in the export of plant products; areas with a predominance in the export of animal or vegetable origin fats and oils; area, with mixed export specialization. Recommendations for the re-profiling of agricultural production in a number of the country’s regions in order to increase exports of this product type.
Chemistry of medicinal plants as an integral part of ecological education
Authors: Derkach Tetiana , Tarasenko Hanna
Published: June 2021

The degree of variability in the composition of herbal medicines was studied on the example of the preparation of St. John's wort from various Ukrainian producers. The Cu and Zn contents were the most stable compared to other (Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd) microelements among plants of different origins. The content of toxic elements (Pb, Cd) did not exceed the established standards. Meanwhile, a 2-3-fold concentration difference was observed for hyperforin, an active pharmaceutical ingredient in St. John’s wort. Thus, the existing standards do not ensure the stability of the composition of herbal preparations. As a result, the quality of medicinal drugs can be significantly different. The key reason for the variation in plant composition is environmental influence, including anthropogenic factors. Existing training programs for prospective specialists of the pharmaceutical industry do not pay enough attention to the impact of the environment on the quality of herbal raw materials. Necessary changes to the syllabi of relevant disciplines are formulated to eliminate this shortcoming and ensure sustainable development of raw materials sources for the pharmaceutical industry.
Fine-Tuning of Platelet Responses by Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases and Phosphatases—Just the Beginning
Authors: Shiravand Yavar , Walter Ulrich , Jurk Kerstin
Published: June 2021

Comprehensive proteomic analyses of human and murine platelets established an extraordinary intracellular repertoire of signaling components, which control crucial functions. The spectrum of platelet serine/threonine protein kinases (more than 100) includes the AGC family (protein kinase A, G, C [PKA, PKG, PKC]), the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and others. PKA and PKG have multiple significantly overlapping substrates in human platelets, which possibly affect functions with clear “signaling nodes” of regulation by multiple protein kinases/phosphatases. Signaling nodes are intracellular Ca2+ stores, the contractile system (myosin light chains), and other signaling components such as G-proteins, protein kinases, and protein phosphatases. An example for this fine-tuning is the tyrosine kinase Syk, a crucial component of platelet activation, which is controlled by several serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinases as well as phosphatases. Other protein kinases including PKA/PKG modulate protein phosphatase 2A, which may be a master regulator of MAPK signaling in human platelets. Protein kinases and in particular MAPKs are targeted by an increasing number of clinically used inhibitors. However, the precise regulation and fine-tuning of these protein kinases and their effects on other signaling components in platelets are only superficially understood—just the beginning. However, promising future approaches are in sight.
Spontaneous Fracture of Plastic Stents: A Rare Complication of Long-Term Indwelling Transmural Endoprosthesis
Authors: Rana Surinder Singh , Sharma Ravi , Gupta Rajesh
Published: June 2021

Permanent indwelling transmural stents is a safe and effective strategy for prevention of recurrence of pancreatic fluid collections following successful endoscopic transmural drainage of walled-off necrosis (WON) with coexistent disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS). Long-term studies have shown this strategy to be safe and effective with rarely reported adverse effects. In this case series, we describe three patients of successfully treated WON and DPDS presenting later with a rare complication of permanent indwelling transmural plastic stents.
Clearance of Cystic Duct Remnant Stones Using a SpyGlass Retrieval Basket during Single-Operator Cholangioscopy at ERCP
Authors: Hawken James , Portal Jim
Published: June 2021

Extraction of stones from a cystic duct remnant following cholecystectomy poses a significant therapeutic dilemma. Surgical intervention has historically been required due to difficulty accessing the cystic duct remnant during conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Single-operator cholangioscopy can access the cystic duct remnant, enabling electrohydraulic lithotripsy and stone extraction. Method of stone extraction has seldom been described in this developing field. Clearing duct remnant stones using guidewire placement and an extractor balloon have been reported. This is the first reported case of cystic duct remnant stone extraction using a SpyGlass retrieval basket.
Intermediate Likelihood of Choledocholithiasis: Do All Need EUS or MRCP?
Authors: Jagtap Nitin , Karyampudi Arun , Yashavanth HS , Ramchandani Mohan , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Kalapala Rakesh , Tandan Manu , Basha Jahangeer , Nabi Zaheer , Gupta Rajesh , Reddy DNageshwar
Published: June 2021

Background Recently updated guidelines for choledocholithiasis stratify suspected patients into high, intermediate, and low likelihood, with the aim to reduce risk of diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. This approach has increased proportion of patients in intermediate likelihood making it heterogenous. We aim to substratify intermediate group so that diagnostic tests (endoscopic ultrasound/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography) are judicially used.

Methods This is a single-center retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data. We used subset of patients who met intermediate likelihood of American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) criteria from previously published data (PMID:32106321) as derivation cohort. Binominal logistic regression analysis was used to define independent predictors of choledocholithiasis. A composite score was derived by allotting 1 point for presence of each independent predictor. The diagnostic performance of a composite score of ≥ 1 was evaluated in validation cohort.

Results A total of 678 (mean age [standard deviation]: 47.0 [15.9] years; 48.1% men) and 162 (mean age 47.8 [14.8] years; 47.4% men) patients in ASGE intermediate-likelihood group were included as derivation cohort and validation cohort, respectively. Binominal logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (p = 0.024; odds ratio [OR] = 1.92), raised bilirubin (p = 0.001; OR = 2.40), and acute calculus cholecystitis (p = 0.010; OR = 2.04) were independent predictors for choledocholithiasis. A composite score was derived by allotting 1 point for presence of independent predictors Using ≥ 1 as cutoff, sensitivity and specificity for detection of choledocholithiasis were 80% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 68.2–88.9) and 36.2% (95% CI: 32.2–40.0), respectively, in derivation cohort. Applying composite score in independent validation cohort showed sensitivity and specificity of 73.3% (95% CI: 44.9–92.2) and 40.1% (95% CI: 30.1–48.5), respectively.

Conclusion Substratification of intermediate-likelihood group of ASGE criteria is feasible. It may be useful in deciding in whom confirmatory tests should be performed with priority and in whom watchful waiting may be sufficient.
Antioxidant Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract of Hulls of Campsiandra laurifolia in Colitis Induced by Acetic Acid in Wistar Rats
Authors: Souza Lucas Petitemberte de , Fillmann Henrique Sarubbi , Fonseca Sandielly Rebeca Benitez da , Brasil Marilda da Silva , Marroni Norma Anair Possa , Ferraz Alexandre de Barros Falcão
Published: June 2021

Due to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitis model, 24 male Wistar rats aged ± 60 days old were used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CO + A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL + A50). Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH) were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means ± standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic compounds and tannins, and was related to high antioxidant capacity. In the histological analysis, the CL group presented loss of the crypts, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The use of C. laurifolia extract restructured the crypts, decreased edema and increased sphincter anal pressure, with a decrease in LPO, SOD, and an increase in GSH. It is suggested that the use of C. laurifolia extract reduces OS due to its antioxidant power conferred by the phenolic compounds present in the extract.
Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Loop Ileostomy Closure Procedures in a Reference Service in Coloproctology in Recife, Pernambuco
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Artur Souza de , Cavalcante Aline Ribeiro Teixeira
Published: June 2021

Objective To evaluate the morbidity and mortality related to the surgical procedure of loop ileostomy closure, in a reference service in coloproctology, as well as possible variables that may be related to a higher frequency of complications.

Methods A retrospective study evaluated 66 procedures of loop ileostomy closure, performed between December 2005 and December 2017, at the coloproctology service of Barão de Lucena Hospital, in Recife, Brazil.

Results There were complications in 20 (30.3%) patients, 11 of whom were classified as grade I (Clavien-Dindo), and 9 of whom were classified as grade II to V. In 7.6% of the cases, one or more surgical reassessments were required. Mortality was 1.5%. There was no statistical relevance in the correlation of the studied variables with the occurrence of complications.

Conclusion Loop ileostomy closure presents an important morbidity, reaching more than 30%, although mortality is low. The analyzed variables did not show significant statistics for a higher occurrence of complications.
Scenario of Elective Colorectal Oncology Surgeries During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vicente Aline Celeghini Rosa , Marinho Mariana Souza , Silva Poliana Graciele de Souza , Molina Raissa Oliveira , Manzione Thiago da Silveira , Godoy Louisie Galantini Lana de , Formiga Fernanda Bellotti , Bin Fang Chia
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world health scenario, causing numerous problems related to the overload of services. In this scenario, the approach to oncological diseases becomes a challenge, considering the risk of progression of cancer disease and death due to delay in diagnosis and treatment. Faced with this exceptional situation, coloproctology services have been forced to change their routine to adapt to the new reality, considering risks and benefits in the conduct of these patients. Thus, the experience of the coloproctology service at the Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, state of São Paulo, Brazil, during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic is described, evaluating the possibility of maintaining elective oncological surgeries through selection by directed anamnesis.

Method Retrospective cohort study with prospective collection comparing colorectal surgery for cancer before and during the pandemic from December 2019 to July 2020.

Results In total, 81 patients were included. During the pandemic, 41 patients were operated on with 2 perioperative contaminations by COVID-19. Both length of stay and complications were not different between groups.

Conclusion Since there was no increase in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in elective oncology surgeries with patients screened for guided anamnesis, it is worth considering this method for maintaining surgical procedures even in the event of a pandemic.
A Comparison of Arden Syntax and Clinical Quality Language as Knowledge Representation Formalisms for Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Soares Andrey , Jenders Robert A. , Harrison Robert , Schilling Lisa M.
Published: June 2021

Objectives This article presents a comparative study of two Health Level Seven International (HL7) standards for clinical knowledge representation, the Arden Syntax and the Clinical Quality Language (CQL), regarding their expressiveness and utility to represent knowledge for clinical decision support (CDS) systems.

Methods We compiled a concatenated set of features from both languages and made descriptive comparisons of 27 categories covering areas of language characteristics, data, control statements, and operators.

Results Both Arden and CQL have similar constructs that can be used for representing CDS knowledge but also have unique constructs that could support distinct use cases. They have constructs that fully or partially address several of the categories used in the comparison, except for data models and terminologies in Arden and event triggering and iteration statements in CQL.

Conclusion These standards can facilitate the sharing, management, and reuse of computable knowledge, and permit knowledge to be represented with their languages and converted to a machine-friendly executable code that can be shared and reused by other systems. Having support for standard data models and terminologies will continue to be a differential for adoption of a language. The HL7 working groups responsible for developing these standards can direct future development to enhance the functions of the standard and address the gaps identified in this study.
Düfte des Waldes
Authors: Thumm Anusati
Published: June 2021

Spaziergänge im Wald stärken den Körper und helfen, Stress abzubauen. Wer dazu einmal keine Gelegenheit hat, kann sich die Waldluft in die eigenen vier Wände holen. Denn naturreine ätherische Baumöle schenken Durchhaltevermögen, Kraft und Gesundheit. Sie lassen uns auch zu Hause tief durchatmen.
Hopfen
Authors: Kern Doris
Published: June 2021

Er schlängelt sich in luftige Höhen, seine Zapfen wiegen sich im Wind wie kleine, grüne Lampions. Der Hopfen ist jedoch nicht nur schön anzusehen und eine wichtige Zutat beim Bierbrauen. Seine Inhaltsstoffe wirken außerdem beruhigend, fördern den Schlaf und lindern Beschwerden in den Wechseljahren.
German in childhood and Latin in adolescence: On the bidialectal nature of lexical access in English
Authors: Hernandez Arturo E. , Ronderos Juliana , Bodet Jean Philippe , Claussenius-Kalman Hannah , Nguyen My V. H. , Bunta Ferenc
Published: June 2021

The nature of word etymology, long a topic of interest in linguistics, has been considered to a much lesser extent in the word recognition literature. The present study created a database of overlapping words from the English Lexicon Project (ELP) and a database with the age of acquisition (AoA) norms which were categorized as either Germanic or Latin-based. Results revealed that Germanic words were learned earlier than Latin-based words. Germanic words also showed slower reaction times and higher accuracy relative to Latin-based words even when controlling for AoA, word frequency, and length. Additionally, analyses were conducted using a publicly available database that used the English Crowdsourcing Project (ECP) data with native and second language (L2) English speakers. The results with native speakers were similar to those collected with the ELP. However, nonnative speakers showed better accuracy and faster reaction times for Latin-based words compared to Germanic words. The findings support a bidialectal view of English in that Germanic words serve as the base of lexical processing during childhood, whereas Latin-based words fill in the lexical space across adolescence and into early adulthood. Furthermore, L2 speakers appear to acquire English via more advanced Latin-based vocabulary relative to native speakers. These results carry implications for theories of word recognition and the processing of lexical items in populations that come from linguistically diverse backgrounds.
Dependence of phase transition uniformity on crystal sizes characterized using birefringence
Authors: Ramakrishnan Saminathan , Stagno Jason R. , Magidson Valentin , Heinz William F. , Wang Yun-Xing
Published: June 2021

Solid–solid phase transitions (SSPTs) have been widely observed in crystals of organic or inorganic small-molecules. Although SSPTs in macromolecular crystals have been reported, the majority involve local atomic changes, such as those induced by changes in hydration. SSPTs driven by large conformational changes, however, can be more difficult to characterize since they often significantly disrupt lattice packing interactions. Such drastic changes make the cooperativity of molecular motion at the atomic level less easily achieved and more dependent on intrinsic properties of the crystal that define lattice order. Here, we investigate the effect of crystal size on the uniformity of SSPT in thin plate-like crystals of the adenine riboswitch aptamer RNA (riboA) by monitoring changes in crystal birefringence upon the diffusion of adenine ligand. The birefringence intensity is directly related to molecular order and the concurrent changes to polarizability of molecules that results from structural changes throughout the phase transition. The riboA crystals were loosely grouped into three categories (small, medium, and large) based on the surface area of the crystal plates. The time width of transition increased as a function of crystal size, ranging from ∼13 s for small crystals to ∼40 s for the largest crystal. Whereas the transitions in small crystals (<10 μm2) were mostly uniform throughout, the medium and large crystals exhibited large variations in the time and width of the transition peak depending on the region of the crystal being analyzed. Our study provides insight into the spatiotemporal behavior of phase transitions in crystals of biological molecules and is of general interest to time-resolved crystallographic studies, where the kinetics of conformational changes may be governed by the kinetics of an associated SSPT.
Utilising te Tiriti o Waitangi to approach health intervention development and research: pharmacist-facilitated medicines review interventions for Māori older adults
Authors: Hikaka Joanna , Jones Rhys , Hughes Carmel , Connolly Martin J. , Martini Nataly
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION te Tiriti o Waitangi guarantees Māori the right to: self-determination, equitable health outcomes, be well informed, health care options, including kaupapa Māori and culturally safe mainstream services, and partnership in the health care journey. Despite integration of these principles into policy, there remains a lack of application in health service development, and health inequities remain. AIM We aimed to use te Tiriti o Waitangi to structure the development of a culturally safe health intervention, using as an exemplar pharmacist-facilitated medicines review for Māori older adults. METHODS Previous research undertaken by our group (a systematic review, and interviews with stakeholders including Māori older adults) was used to inform the aspects to include in the intervention. Kaupapa Māori theory was used to underpin the approach. Intended outcomes, requirements for change, and outcome measures to assess change were mapped to te Tiriti o Waitangi principles as a way to structure the pharmacist-facilitated medicines review intervention and research processes. RESULTS Findings from our previous research identified 12 intended intervention outcomes, including that the intervention be flexible to adapt to diverse needs in a way that is acceptable and culturally safe for Māori and that it supports Māori older adults to control and have confidence in their medicine treatment and wellbeing. DISCUSSION We present an approach to the development of a pharmacist-facilitated medicines review intervention for Māori older adults, structured around the principles of te Tiriti o Waitangi, to support the implementation of a culturally safe, pro-equity intervention.
Riding the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea
Authors: Obnial Joseph Christian , Baron Maria Beatriz , Sagsagat Hannah Andrea , Ong Erika , Valenzuela Ma. Alexandra Nicola , Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT During the first months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in early 2020, South Korea stood as one of the most successful in preventing a nationwide outbreak. The country was unique in that it did so without enforcing massive border restrictions and tight social distancing measures, instead focusing on maximal testing, contact tracing, and treatment. But as the year 2020 went on, the country has suffered second and third waves, each one being larger and harder to combat than the last. The Korean government, however, has been unwilling to impose stringent measures due to potential economic consequences and has still relied on its initial strategies in an attempt to prevent further disease transmission. It is therefore crucial to revisit their position beyond their early successes to re-evaluate the effectiveness of their strategy, and to finally decide if it is time to move on to more drastic measures.
An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Crusher Dust and Coarse Aggregate by Tile Waste in Concrete
Authors: Anandaraj S , Deepa N , Gobinath R , Krishnaraja A R , Harihanandh M , Gopinathan G
Published: June 2021

There is a need to conserve the natural resources and prevention of environment for the future generation. The major problem arising in now a day is disposal of wastes from industries. In our project we have made an attempt to use the wastes generated in the construction field. By use of waste materials, the cost of construction could be reduced to a reasonable manner. We have made use of tiles as replacement material for coarse aggregate and crusher dust is used as alternative for sand. In this study we have partially replaced the fine aggregate by crusher dust at the percentage of 6 %, 12%, 18 %, 24% and have founded the optimum percentage of replacement and we have proceeded it by having a constant percentage alternative of sand with partial alternative of gravel by waste tiles at the percentage of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20 for M20 concrete. A total number of 96 specimens were cast compression, tensile and flexural strength were founded. There by we conclude that the waste tiles and crusher dust could be used as alternative materials for sand and gravel in concrete. And we have found that the partial replacement of sand and gravel by 24% and 15% by crusher dust and waste tiles is optimum.
Analysis of liquation and solidification cracks in the electron beam welding of GTD-111 nickel-base superalloy joint
Authors: Taheri Morteza , Kashani-Bozorg Seyed Farshid , Alizadeh Ali , Beni Mohsen Heydari , Jam Jafar Eskandari , Khorram Ali
Published: June 2021

The weldability of GTD-111 superalloy by electron beam welding was studied, and the cracking evolution of solidification and liquation, as well as microstructural characteristics, were also investigated. The weld metal microstructure consisted mainly of the inter-dendritic phases of MC, γ-γ′ and γ′ nanoparticles, primarily responsible for the solidification crack in the weld metal. In addition to solidification cracks, the formation of liquation cracks in HAZ was an important challenge with electron beam welding. It was found that M5B3, γ-γ′, MC and γ′ phases leave formation during the increase of non-equilibrium temperature in HAZ, with the formation of partial liquation in the phase-matrix interface and absorption of shrinkage stresses due to welding cooling. Both solidification and liquation cracks decreased as the heat input increased due to the increase in beam current. This was attributed to the reduction of cooling stress and the increase of backfilling capacity.
Magnetohydrodynamic liquid metal droplet jetting of highly conductive electronic traces
Authors: Meda Manoj , Mehta Paarth , Mahajan Chaitanya , Kahn Bruce , Cormier Denis
Published: June 2021

Magnetohydrodynamic Jet Printing (MJP) is a novel additive manufacturing technique that offers tremendous promise for the fabrication of highly conductive electronic circuits with excellent adhesion on flexible substrates. MJP is an on-demand droplet jetting process in which the fluid is molten metal rather than a conductive nanoparticle ink. The work reported here examines the influence of drop spacing and jetting frequency on line morphology and electrical resistivity. Furthermore, the equivalent wire gauge of printed lines is estimated as a function of the drop volume and drop spacing. Under optimized jetting conditions, electrical resistivity as low as 3.2 ΜΩ cm (equivalent to bulk resistivity) has been achieved in aluminum 4043 alloy printed onto flexible polyimide. Little or no substrate cleaning is needed prior to printing, and post processing steps such as drying and curing are eliminated with this technique. The process uses metal wire as the feedstock material, making it significantly less expensive than conventional nanoparticle ink printing techniques.