bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОМЕННЕ ІМ’Я ЯК ЗАСІБ ІНДИВІДУАЛІЗАЦІЇ В ЦИФРОВОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ
Authors: Петрів Маркіян Васильович
Published: December 2019

Стаття присвячена аналізу правового режиму доменного імені як засобу індивідуалізації в цифровому середовищі. Досліджено теоретичні позиції, судову практику та правове регулювання щодо правової природи доменного імені, його поняття, співвідношення з іншими засобами індивідуалізації. На основі аналізу положень чинного законодавства визначено регулятори досліджуваних правовідносин, особливості використання доменного імені в цифровому середовищі та зміст права на доменне ім’я.
Modeling Volatility and Daily Exchange Rate Movement in Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu Agwu Ejem , Godfrey Ogbonna Udochukwu
Published: December 2019

This study modeled volatility and daily exchange rate movement in Nigeria with daily exchange rate between Nigeria Naira and US Dollar from January 2, 2001 to May 20, 2019 collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The results of the estimated models revealed that conditional variance (volatility) has positive and significant relationship with exchange rate returns between Nigeria Naira and US Dollars, which corroborates the theory that predicts positive relationship between return and volatility for risk averse investors. Also found that exchange rate volatility between Naira / US Dollar is persistent. It was also discovered that goods news produces more volatility than bad news of equal magnitude. The researchers therefore suggested that the Central Bank of Nigeria should always proffer timely intervention to reduce the volatility persistence. This will go a long way to counteract or moderate the excess volatility between Naira and US Dollar transactions.
Emigration – Interkulturalität – Sprache
Authors: Jaklová Alena
Published: December 2019

Diese Studie behandelt das Thema der tschechischen Emigranten, die seit der Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts in die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika auswanderten, und konkret die Frage, wie sich die interkulturelle Lage, in der sie sich nach ihrer Ankunft in den USA befanden, auf ihr Leben und Sprache ausgewirkt hat. Diese Sachverhalte werden auf der Grundlage der Analyse der tschechoamerikanischen Presse untersucht. Der Bewegungsgrund dafür ist die Tatsache, dass Journalistik in der Emigration alle Änderungen treu wiederspiegelt, zu denen es im Leben der
Einwanderer kommt. Unser Beitrag behandelt insbesondere die 60er und 70er Jahre des 19. Jahrhunderts, weil in diesem Zeitraum die Interkulturalität im Leben der Tschechen in den USA am stärksten ausgeprägt war. Der Beitrag untersucht sowohl den Inhalt und die Themenbereiche der Periodika als auch deren Sprache. Bei der Analyse der
Sprache werden auf Basis der Applikation der ethnomethodologischen Konversationsanalyse vor allem die Änderungen der sozialen Kategorien behandelt, die die Einwanderer in Beziehung zu ihrer Ethnizität zur Bezeichnung von sich selbst verwendeten. Aufmerksamkeit wird ebenfalls der beginnenden Amerikanisierung der tschechischen Sprache gewidmet.
Innovation and technology transfer barriers in Slovakia and other new EU member states
Authors: Luby Štefan , Chodák Ivan , Lubyová Martina
Published: December 2019

The performance of European Union in terms of R&D investment, innovations, and educational attainments generally lags behind that of its main competitors - the United States and Japan. Within the EU, the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe belong to the group of
moderate innovators. As technology is the key component of the innovation system of the 2nd generation, this paper is dedicated to discussing the methods of technology transfer applied by innovation leaders in the EU (e.g. Germany or Finland) and to identifying the factors that may represent the main stumbling blocks in the way of more effective innovation procedures in the new member states (e.g. Governments´ preferences for FDI that is attracted by the relatively cheap and skilled labour force; investors´ preferences for using know-how developed in their home countries; the absence of venture capital available for R&D and technology transfers, etc.). As the situation in the new member states begins to change - wages are growing and the countries are building new research infrastructure with the help
of the EU funds - a new innovation and TT paradigm enters the stage. We
discuss the ways of coping with these new challenges – such as better governance in the field of patents, extended education of students in the field of innovative competences and entrepreneurial skills, deeper understanding of the operations of industry technology transfer organizations and improved access to venture capital.
U povodu 50-te obljetnice Informatologiae (1969. -2019.)
Authors: Plenković Mario
Published: December 2019

Kroz cijelu povijest obrazovanja i znanosti traju rasprave o znanstvenim
odnosima između društvene i tehnološke sfere. Međutim, tek, nakon pojave informatologije osvješćuje se ključni odnos obrazovanja i znanosti bez kojega se ne mogu rješavati problemi društvene i tehnološke
sfere na svim razinama globalne, regionalne, nacionalne i lokalne obrazovne i znanstvene komunikacije. Utemeljitelj znanstvenog časopisa Informatologia (Informatologia Yugoslavica, 1969.), ugledni znanstvenik prof.dr.sc. Božo Težak, u nadolazećoj znanstveno-tehnološkoj revoluciji u
koju je čovječanstvo tek zakoračilo, uredničku koncepciju časopisa postavlja tako da u fokus znanstvenih zbivanja afirmira i promovira novi
profil informacijsko-komunikacijskih znanstvenika.
Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Behaviors of Muntok White Pepper Farmers
Authors: Astuti Rufti Puji , Bahtera Novyandra Ilham , Atmaja Eddy Jajang Jaya
Published: December 2019

Entrepreneurship is one of the human capital variables of pepper farmers that plays an important role in determining the success of pepper agribusiness development in this creative era. To face the challenges of the business climate change, pepper farmers need entrepreneurship. The objectives compiled in this study are to identify the entrepreneurial characteristics of Muntok White Pepper farmers and to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics on their entrepreneurial behavior in managing to farm. The study was conducted by survey method, involving 115 farmers. Data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that the entrepreneurial characteristics of pepper farmers are risk-taking, responsive to opportunities, innovative, and motivated. Also, the results showed that the entrepreneurial characteristics of pepper farmers positively and significantly influence their entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, the most dominant variable reflecting their entrepreneurial characteristics is the courage to take risks. This study recommends muntok pepper farmers that they always dare to take risks, be persistent and disciplined. Additionally, knowledge and skills need to be constantly updated to grow the ability to innovate and be creative in carrying pepper cultivation activities out.
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHA GULA MERAH DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP RUMAH TANGGA DI KECAMATAN KARANG BARU KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG
Authors: Indra Siti Balqies , Gustiana Cut , Kalsum Umi
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dengan menggunakan metode survey yaitu menyebar kuisioner dan melakukan wawancara. Objek penelitian ini adalah pengusaha gula merah di Kecamatan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Ruang lingkup dalam penelitian ini adalah pengusaha gula merah di Kecamatan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang yang tersebar di 4 Desa. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengusaha gula merah yang ada di Kecamatan Karang Baru sebanyak 30 orang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur keuntungan gula merah dan seberapa besar kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan rumahtangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Juni 2018. Metode pengambilan sampel ini adalah dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa rata-rata biaya produksi usaha gula merah sebesar Rp.1.352.681, jumlah pendapatan bersih usaha gula merah di Kecamatan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang adalah sebesar Rp.46.231.537 sementara jumlah pendapatan total rumah tangga pengusaha gula merah sebesar Rp.64.531.537. Untuk kontribusi gula merah diperoleh sebesar 72 % yang artinya nilai kontibusi gulamerah > dari 50 %. Angka ini menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi usaha gula merah terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga di Kecamatan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang tergolong tinggi.
Volleyball learning media using method of teaching games for understanding adobe flash-based
Authors: Fani Refatana Asri , Sukoco Pamuji
Published: December 2019

The study aims at generating a product in the form of Volleyball learning materials CD with the valid and effective TGFU method for the junior high school students. The learning media has been developed by using the Adobe Flash CS 6 Professional. Then, within the conduct of the study, the Research and Development (R&D) Model proposed by Borg & Gall had been adopted with several modifications. Then, the results of the study show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category according to the material expert validation with the mean score 4.38 and that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category according to the media expert validation with the mean score 4.23. Furthermore, the results of the limited experiment show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category with the mean score 4.76. Similarly, the results of the expanded experiment show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category with the mean score 4.75. In order to identify the quality and the effectiveness of the product, an operational test should be performed. The results of the operational test show that the pre-test mean score is 41.65 while the post-test mean score is 89.25. The mean score of the students has improved with the gap 47.60 points. Therefore, departing from the overall results, the TGFU method-based learning media has been valid and effective for implementation in the learning activities of Sports and Health Education for the Junior High School degree.
Nuoret aikuiset naiset elinikäisinä oppijoina
Authors: Laakkonen Erja , Manninen Jyri , Kauppila Juha
Published: December 2019

Naiset osallistuvat tilastojen mukaan miehiä aktiivisemmin omaehtoiseen aikuiskoulutukseen, jossa korostuu itse tehty osallistumispäätös. Tämä näkyy erityisesti vapaassa sivistystyössä ja muissa koulutusmuodoissa, joissa opiskellaan harrastus- tai oppimistavoitteisesti. Osallistumistutkimus on tuottanut erilaisia selityksiä ilmiölle. Artikkelissa esitetään uudenlainen tulkinta siitä, mikä voisi selittää naisten aktiivista aikuisopiskelua. Tulkinta pohjautuu aikuisuuden kulttuuristen, sosiaalisesti jaettujen merkitysten, elämänkulun aktiivisen rakentamisen ja toimijuuden tarkastelulle. Aineistona on 14 yksilöhaastattelua, joissa 25–35-vuotiaat naiset pohtivat aikuistumisen ohella aikuisopiskelua ja siihen liittyviä valintoja. Tulosten mukaan elinikäisen oppimisen ihanteen omaksuneet nuoret aikuiset naiset hyödyntävät opiskelua yhtenä mahdollisena resurssina muovatessaan omaa elämän- ja työpolkuaan. Opiskelu rikkoo elämänkulun normatiivista muotoa, ja siihen kuuluu mielikuvia nuoruudesta ja nuorekkuudesta. Näin opiskelu asettuu aikuisuuteen kytketyn työnteon vastapariksi. Opiskelu on haastattelupuheissa keino tavoitella moninaisen ammatillista osaamista sekä liikkuvuutta erilaisten roolien välillä. Se on osa joustavuuden ideaalia, eräänlaista notkeaa toimijuutta.
Kollektiivinen luovuus, yhteisöllinen oppiminen ja itsensä ylittäminen
Authors: Hakkarainen Kai
Published: December 2019

Maailmanlaajuiset ongelmat vaativat uudenlaisia kykyjä omaksua, ymmärtää ja luoda tietoa. Opiskelijoiden valmiuksia kehittyä luoviksi asiantuntijoiksi voidaan vahvistaa tutkivan oppimisen pedagogiikalla, joka nojaa jaettuun asiantuntijuuteen ja yhteisölliseen toimintaan.
"Castrénin ajatuksiin on helppo yhtyä"
Authors: Kouvo Terhi
Published: December 2019

Kansansivistysopiston historiaa tutkiva Jenni Pätäri, 34, pitää tärkeänä, että voi omalla työllään edistää tasa-arvoista ja oikeudenmukaista yhteiskuntaa.
Moninaisuuden ykseys vai ykseyden moninaisuus?§
Authors: Filander Karin
Published: December 2019

Aikuiskasvatustiede on jälleen kerran risteysasemalla: yhtäällä puhutaan monitieteisyydestä, toisaalla korostetaan tutkimusalan itseymmärrystä. Aikuiskasvatuksen Tutkimusseura kutsui alkuvuodesta tutkijat keskustelemaan tieteenalan tulevaisuudesta.
Pieniä kertomuksia kotoutumiskoulutuksessa työskentelevien kouluttajien työn monipaikkaistumisesta
Authors: Montonen Tiina , Lappalainen Sirpa
Published: December 2019

Aikuisten maahanmuuttajien kotoutumiskoulutus on julkisen hankintamenettelyn kautta hankittua työvoimakoulutusta, jonka tavoitteena on koulutukseen osallistuvan työllistyminen tai pääsy jatkokoulutukseen sekä toimiva peruskielitaito. Vuonna 2016 Opetushallitus uudisti kotoutumiskoulutuksen järjestämisen toteutusmallit pyrkimyksenään nopeuttaa tavoitteiden saavuttamista ja monipuolistaa koulutuksen toteutustapoja. Uusien mallien mukainen koulutus hajaantuu aiempaa enemmän työpaikoille, verkkoon ja ammatillisiin oppilaitoksiin, mikä muokkaa kotoutumiskoulutuksessa työskentelevien kouluttajien työnkuvaa ja opetuksen sisältöjä. Artikkelissamme kysymme, miten pedagogisen koulutuksen saaneet kouluttajat rakentavat ymmärrystä omasta työstään ja opettajuudestaan muuttuvassa kotoutumiskoulutuksessa. Teoreettisena lähtökohtanamme ovat uusliberalistista politiikkaa ja hallintaa kriittisesti tarkastelevat teoriat. Aineisto muodostuu kuuden kouluttajan haastattelusta, joista nostamme narratiivisen analyysin kohteeksi tulevaisuuteen suuntaavat ’pienet kertomukset’. Työelämälähtöisyys, joka kouluttajien kertomuksissa kiteytyy työn monipaikkaistumisena ja ammatillisten sisältöjen lisääntymisenä, sekä kilpailutuksen tuottama työn prekarisoituminen raamittavat kouluttajien ymmärrystä omasta työstään ja sen vaatimuksista.
Lectio Praecursoria: Naiset politiikan huipulla — Sukupuolittunut viestintä ja johtajuus
Authors: Mäkelä Johanna
Published: December 2019

Lectio praecursoria puheviestinnän väitöskirjaksi tarkoitetun tutkimuksen Naiset politiikan huipulla. Sukupuolittunut viestintä ja johtajuus tarkastustilaisuudessa Tampereen yliopistossa 1.12.2018. Vas-taväittäjänä toimi professori Susan Meriläinen (Lapin yliopisto) ja kustoksena professori Pekka Isotalus (Tampereen yliopisto).
Pro logos
Authors: Sallinen Aino
Published: December 2019

Aino Sallisen juhlapuhe Prologos ry:n 30-vuotisjuhlassa 4.10.2019
Lectio Praecursoria: Virkateksti koettelee lukijaa
Authors: Suominen Riitta
Published: December 2019

Lectio praecursoria suomen kielen väitöskirjaksi tarkoitetun tutkimuksen Virkatekstin käytettävyys. Pöytäkirjasta verkkotekstiksi ja sosiaalisen median päivitykseksi tarkastustilaisuudessa Tampereen yliopistossa 16.08.2019. Vastaväittäjänä toimi professori Merja Koskela (Vaasan yliopisto) ja kustoksena dosentti Unni Leino (Tampereen yliopisto).
Land use ako nástroj revitalizácie krajiny: na príklade slovenskej enklávy Tardoš (Maďarsko)
Authors: Chrastina Peter , Trojan Jakub , Župčán Ladislav , Tuska Tünde , Hlásnik Pavel P.
Published: December 2019

The landscape surrounding village Tardoš (Tardos in Hungarian) in the north of Komárom-Esztergom County is a part of the cultural heritage of Slovaks in Hungary. The study anal-yses the issue of the revitalisation of the landscape in the context of its use (historical land use). Current state of the local landscape represents the result of the migration of ethnic groups to the territory of Tardoš and its subsequent colonisation. Since the end of the first quarter of the 18th century the process of revitalisation of the abandoned landscape had been associated with the arrival of the Roman Catholic settlers from the counties located north of the Danube river (Nitra and Trenčín). The new population began to cultivate dev-astated landscape of the Tardoš-Tolna basin in the Gerecse Mountains. The aim of this paper is to characterize the Tardoš land use with an emphasis on the period from 1725 (Slovak colonisation of the defunct village territory) to 2017. A brief assessment of the land use during the period before the arrival of the Slovak colonists is included in the study. Recent changes of areas in the analysed territory are characterized by landscape use clas-ses (LUC) during the last 300 years (1725 ‒ 2017) in the context of natural (geoecological) and social factors. Besides these data a framework proposal for the management of the local landscape is suggested. The development of the historical land use after the arrival of the Slovaks is outlined in the thematic maps, chart with LUC areas in particular periods and in diagram. The methodology used and the results achieved can be applied in the study of the land use of other Slovak enclaves in Tardoš surroundings. Findings concerning the local land use changes with an emphasis on the period after 1725 can be possibly taken into account in social practice of the creation of an integrated landscape management of the surveyed territory or in the process of consolidating the local population identity.
Methods of verification of soils prediction maps: a case study from Chernivtsi region, Ukraine
Authors: Cherlinka Vasyl , Dmytruk Yuriy , Barabas Dušan
Published: December 2019

Knowing the spatial distribution of individual soil taxonomic units is a key factor in man-aging efficient land use not only for agriculture but also for forestry. The use of a comprehensive soil surveys held in past decades and based on fieldwork created the basis for the initial spatial representation of the soil fund structure. However, the spatial distribution of the soil cover was the result of fieldwork and the experience of the person who drew this map. Often this led to some errors in determining the types of soils and their boundaries. To date, there is a growing need for precise methods of land taxation, based on correct information on soil cover. In countries with a large area, such as Ukraine, field surveys still do not cover the whole territory, often the density of the allocation of soil pits was too low, which in some cases led to an incorrect demarcation of soil boundaries. Since such a problem is very urgent for Ukraine, the search and identification of probable problem soil maps by constructing their predicted versions, their comprehensive analysis and cross-validation is an important task. The conducted investigations revealed that morphometric parameters of the relief and their derivatives obtaining from the analyses of DEM are a reliable basis for the predictive modelling of the spatial distribution of soil cover with sufficiently high accuracy, and the methodology based on 11 types of prognostic algorithms would have a significant prospect in solving scientific and production problems. Very important in this process is the selection of predictors derived from the DEM, as well as the structure and distribution of the training dataset, based on which the model will be built later. An equally important part is the control of results, including on the basis of cross-validation of the models used, as well as a comparison of the results with field studies. The article presents the results of 11 simulations, evaluates the quality of predictive algorithms and the models obtained. As a consequence, several possible ways to check the cartographic and simulation results of the spatial distribution of soil taxonomic units were described, as well as their comparison with those actually existing in nature. The most reliable method of the 11 presented is a direct study of the soil in the field and comparing them with the soil map. It is recommended to use it in case of suspicion of poorly executed maps, although financially it is very expensive. More preferred is a set of modelling methods that is based on the data already collected. With reliable sources, they provide an opportunity to predict the soil in places where the survey was not conducted at all. Verification of the quality of the tested models was carried out on a fragment of the Ukrainian region within the boundaries of the Chernivtsi region, confined to the Prut-Dniester and Prut-Siret interfluves.
Statistická syntéza indikátorů kvality života – návrh tvorby indexu v evropských regionech
Authors: Macků Karel , Voženílek Vít
Published: December 2019

The quality of life is complex, with human existence closely linked theme. Both scientific and international political organizations have been focusing on this topic in recent decades. This research follows the European Union's challenges to deal with the quality of life as a multi-aspect phenomenon. Firstly, the authors' concept of quality of life, based on key aspects and their respective indicators is introduced. To assess the quality of life not only multidimensionally but also comprehensively, it is necessary to address the issue of data aggregation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and can also be used to construct a synthetic index. In its basic form, this method is designed for non-spatial data and does not take into ac-count the potential spatial relationships. However, geographically weighted PCA can capture these relationships. Simple PCA, robust PCA, simple geographically weighted PCA, and robust geographically weighted PCA were tested on the quality of life data. The results of the paper describe differences in selected methods and the possibilities of their applica-tion in the regional evaluation of the quality of life in Europe. Using the PCA, a synthetic quality of life index was constructed based on the defined quality of life indicators on the pan-European scale at the regional level defined by NUTS 2 classification. The result does not bring innovation in terms of the used methods, but it is a challenge in the interpretative level. Comprehensively analyses the topic in a broad spatial scope and detail, compared to the existing studies.
Semi-automatic LiDAR point cloud denoising using a connected-component labelling method
Authors: Kaňuk Ján , Šupinský Jozef , Šašak Ján , Hofierka Jaroslav , Wang Yongbo , Zhang Qiuzhao , Sedlák Vladimír , Onačillová Katarína , Gallay Michal
Published: December 2019

The Smart City concept requires new, fast methods for collection of 3-D data representing features of urban landscape. Laser scanning technology (LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging) enables such approach producing dense 3-D point clouds of millions of points, which, however, contain noise. Therefore, we developed a new approach allowing for a semi-automatic elimination of data noise resulting from motion of objects within the scanned scene such as persons. We used a connected-component labelling method to filter out the noise points from terrestrial laser scanning point clouds. Our approach was based on a step-by-step object classification with a proper parameterisation. In the first step, all points located close to the predicted terrain were selected. In the second step, the points representing the terrain and floor were classified using the surface filter tool implemented in the RiScan Pro software by RIEGL. The rest of points were classified using point cloud clustering via the connected-component labelling method implemented in the CloudCompare software. In the final step, the operator manually decides whether the point cluster represents the noise. The method was applied to the Cathedral of Saint Elizabeth, a sacral object located in the historical centre of the city of Košice in Slovakia during normal operating hours. We managed to capture approximately 80% of the data noise in total. The method provides a better flexibility in surveying overcrowded city locations using the laser scanning technology.
Distinct Response of Fat and Gastrointestinal Tissue to Glucose in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: VEJRAZKOVA D. , LISCHKOVA O. , VANKOVA M. , STANICKA S. , VRBIKOVA J. , LUKASOVA P. , VCELAK J. , VACINOVA G. , BENDLOVA B.
Published: December 2019

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are distinct pathologies with impaired insulin sensitivity as a common feature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of fat tissue adipokines and gastrointestinal incretins to glucose load in patients diagnosed with one of the two disorders and to compare it with healthy controls. Oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in 77 lean young women: 22 had positive history of GDM, 19 were PCOS patients, and 36 were healthy controls. Hormones were evaluated in fasting and in 60 min intervals during the 3 h oGTT using Bio-Plex ProHuman Diabetes 10-Plex Assay for C-peptide, ghrelin, GIP, GLP1, glucagon, insulin, leptin, total PAI1, resistin, visfatin and Bio-Plex ProHuman Diabetes Adipsin and Adiponectin Assays (Bio-Rad). Despite lean body composition, both PCOS and GDM women were more insulin resistant than controls. Significant postchallenge differences between the GDM and PCOS groups were observed in secretion of adipsin, leptin, glucagon, visfatin, ghrelin, GIP, and also GLP1 with higher levels in GDM. Conversely, PCOS was associated with the highest resistin, C-peptide, and PAI1 levels. Our data suggest that decreased insulin sensitivity observed in lean women with GDM and PCOS is associated with distinct hormonal response of fat and gastrointestinal tissue to glucose load.
Aerobic Exercise of Low to Moderate Intensity Corrects Unequal Changes in BKCa Subunit Expression in the Mesenteric Arteries of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: ZHANG Y. , CHEN Y. , ZHANG L. , LU N. , SHI L.
Published: December 2019

Accumulating evidence indicates that hypertension is associated with “ion channel remodeling” of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exercise intensity/volume on hypertension-associated changes in large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels in mesenteric arteries (MAs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male SHRs were randomly assigned to three groups: a low-intensity aerobic exercise group (SHR-L: 14 m/min), a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise group (SHR-M: 20 m/min), and a sedentary group (SHR). Age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) were used as normotensive controls. Exercise groups completed an 8-week exercise program. Elevation of the α and β1 proteins was unequal in MA myocytes from SHRs, with the β1 subunit increasing more than the α subunit. BKCa contribution to vascular tone regulation was higher in the myocytes and arteries of SHRs compared to WKYs. SHR BKCa channel subunit protein expression, β1/α ratio, whole cell current density and single-channel open probability was also increased compared with WKYs. Aerobic exercise lowered systemic blood pressure and normalized hypertension-associated BKCa alterations to normotensive control levels in the SHRs. These effects were more pronounced in the moderate-intensity group than in the low-intensity group. There is a dose-effect for aerobic exercise training in the range of low to moderate-intensity and accompanying volume for the correction of the pathological adaptation of BKCa channels in myocytes of MAs from SHR.
Ukrainian Studies at John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (Poland)
Authors: Nowacka Dagmara
Published: December 2019

To the 30th anniversary of Institute of Slavic Philology, СUL The essay offers an attempt to summarise the thirty years of Ukrainian studies within the Institute of Slavic Philology of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin. The beginnings of Slavic studies at the Catholic University of Lublin are related  to the  activities  of  the  Interfaculty  Department  of Research on Byzantine-Slavic Culture, founded in 1981 thanks to the efforts of professor Ryszard Łużny, a philologist-Slavicist from the Jagiellonian University. The main purpose of this unit was to initiate research on ‘Ruthenian’ culture, derived from the Byzantine-Slavic root. The idea implemented by professor Łużny was innovative not only due to its proﬁ led research program but also due to the curriculum, which offered students a wide range of knowledge on Eastern Slavs. From the very beginning of the unit’s functioning, its didactic structure was based on the three philologies: Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian, and the academics pursued their research interests within the departments of Byzantine-Slavic Culture, Slavic Languages, and Slavic Literatures. Ukrainian studies at the Catholic University of Lublin have been shaped throughout this time by many eminent ﬁ gures who determined the character of the unit by pointing out research directions to the next generations of linguists and historians of Ukrainian literature. These are professor Stefan Kozak, professor Stefaniia Andrusiv (literary studies), professor Michał Łesiуw, professor Dmytro Buchko, and professor Oleh Tyshchenko (linguistics). The essay discusses research and educational activities of the  Institute of Slavic Philology. A series of regular research conferences, nationwide and international, focused on the issues of the Eastern Slavs, were organized during these thirty years. The author points out the most important academic publications and periodicals. Another direction of the Institute’s activity consisted in projects popularizing knowledge about the Polish-Ukrainian borderland, Ukrainian culture and language, with a special focus on the language spoken by the inhabitants of the Lublin region.
Looking-Glass Space in “Pattern Recognition” by William Gibson
Authors: Bovsunivska Tetiana
Published: December 2019

The paper deals with the poetics of the novel, based on the principles of literary cyberpunk. William Gibson, the founder of cyberpunk as a genre, in the novel “Pattern Recognition” used the looking-glass image of Lewis Carroll’s book “Through The Looking-Glass And What Alice Found There” as a leitmotif, reminiscently curved and shown only in the mind of the main character Case Pollard. The paper analyzes the semantics of the leitmotif of looking-glass and its functionality in the novel, as well as the conformity with the principles of transrealism and posthumanism. The state of the main character is not explained by some acts or periods of the day, but by hormonal disorder; the scientiﬁc awareness is intertwined with the metaphoric ﬁeld. Thus William Gibson’s artistic style acquires obvious features of cyberpunk. If Alice was just a weird kid who invented the world of fairy-tale creatures, Gibson’s character Case lives in a transreal world, full of various man-made modiﬁcations of space and humans.

The modern Case-Alice does not invent anything, because the fairy-tale situation of her life is already embedded in the nature of civilizational development. Case as a heroine of the novel fully complies with the requirements of transrealism: she is not ‘normal’, she has a diagnosis and medical history. Тhe ‘F: F: F’ program (fragments) is created by an autistic Russian girl. The neurotic characters that Case meets are atypical, all in their own way. That is why the world around modern Alice, who is Case at the same time, is distorted by the abnormality, which is not hidden by the heroes. The cyberspace of modern human existence transforms all the sores of society into customary artiﬁcial symbols of degradation – posthumanistic codes.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR STATISTIKA PENDIDIKAN I (DESKRIPTIF) UNTUK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM RIAU
Authors: Herlina Sari , Istikomah Endang
Published: December 2019

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku ajar Statistika Pendidikan I (Deskriptif) untuk mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam di Universitas Islam Riau. Dengan menyajikan bahan ajar modul dengan bahasa yang sederhana diharapkan dapat membuat mahasiswa termotivasi dalam belajar statistika.

                Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Pengembangan bahan ajar modul ini terdiri dari 5 tahap rancangan pengembangan. Tahap pertama adalah analisis kebutuhan, tahap kedua membuat rancangan/desain, tahap ketiga pengembangan bahan ajar modul statistika pendidikan I (Deskriptif) dengan memvalidasi media yang dikembangkan, tahap keempat adalah implementasi dengan mencobakan bahan ajar matematika yang dikembangkan, dan tahapan terakhir adalah evaluasi terhadap modul yang dikembangkan. Dalam penelitian ini tahapan yang akan dilakukan sampai tahap validasi modul dan mengambil respon mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian dan pengumpul data yang digunakan berupa lembar validasi ahli pembelajaran dan angket respon mahasiswa terhadap buku ajar Statistika Pendidikan 1 (Deskriptif) yang telah dikembangkan. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan dengan menganalisis lembar validasi ahli pembelajaran dan menganalisis respon mahasiswa terhadap buku ajar Statistika Pendidikan 1 (Deskriptif) yang telah dikembangkan.

                Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil validasi buku ajar Statistika Pendidikan 1 (Deskriptif) yaitu 78% dengan kriteria valid dan kualifikasi baik. Hasil respon mahasiswa menunjukkan respon positif dengan respon terhadap buku ajar ini. Respon yang diberikan dari 69 mahasiswa yaitu 39,7% menyatakan sangat setuju dan 60% setuju dengan adanya buku  ajar Statistika Pendidikan 1 (Deskriptif).
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN ACCELERATED LEARNING
Authors: Silitonga R H Yanti
Published: December 2019

This research aims to determine enhancing students mathematical problem solving through the implementation of accelerated learning. This study is a quasi experiment with control group pretest-postest design. The study had been conducted with 66 students of SMP in Bandung. The experiment group obtained accelerated learning and control group obtained expository learning. Data was collected from students trough mathematical problem solving test. Data was analyzed using average of difference test that was Mann-Whitney and showed  that the enhancement of mathematical problem solving ability of students who have obtained accelerated learning are better than students who have obtained expository learning.
O CURRÍCULO MATEMÁTICO DE UM CURSO DE FORMAÇÃO DE DOCENTES E AS MANIFESTAÇÕES DOS ALUNOS: ALGUMAS CONTRADIÇÕES
Authors: Hermann Wellington , Juvanelli Caio , Ferreira Paula Renata Pedroso Avanço , Coqueiro Valdete dos Santos , Passos Marinez Meneghello
Published: December 2019

Nesse artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma investigação que teve por objetivo analisar elementos curriculares relacionados à proposta de formação matemática nos documentos de um Curso de Formação de Docentes na modalidade Normal de um colégio da rede estadual localizado no Centro-Oeste do Paraná, relacionando-os com as manifestações dos alunos a respeito desta mesma formação. Considerando os procedimentos da Análise Textual Discursiva, aliados a uma fundamentação teórica sustentada pela noção de relação com o saber, analisamos, primeiramente, as orientações curriculares e o Projeto Político Pedagógico do Curso, com foco na formação matemática. Em um segundo momento, demos voz a oito estudantes do Curso, para se manifestarem sobre essa mesma formação. Tais depoimentos, coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais, passaram pelos mesmos procedimentos analíticos já indicados. Quando relacionamos as análises dos documentos e dos relatos, foi possível evidenciar contradições quanto à organização dos conteúdos matemáticos emetodológicos, e no que diz respeito ao tempo escolar e ao estatuto das relações dos sujeitos com a matemática. Dissonâncias essas que precisam ser levadas em consideração, principalmente, quando temos alunos aspirantes à docência envolvidos no processo.
Mechatronic Control System for a Compliant and Precise Pneumatic Rotary Drive Unit
Authors: Stoll Johannes T. , Schanz Kevin , Pott Andreas
Published: December 2019

Robots that enable safe human-robot collaboration can be realized by using compliant drive units. In previous works, different mechanical designs of compliant pneumatic rotary drive units with similar characteristics have been presented. In this paper, we present the overall control approach that we use to operate one of these compliant pneumatic rotary drive units. We explain the mechanical design and derive the differential equation that describes the dynamics of the system. In order to successfully operate a pneumatic drive unit with three or more working chambers, the torque specified by the controller has to be split up onto the working chambers. We transfer the well-known field-oriented control approach from electric motors to the investigated pneumatic drive unit to create such a torque mapping. Moreover, we develop optimized torque mappings that are tailored to work with this type of drive unit. Furthermore, we introduce and compare two control algorithms based on different implementations of state feedback to realize position control. Finally, we present the step responses that we achieve when we implement either one of the control algorithms in combination with the different torque mappings.
Assessment of Aircraft Surface Heat Exchanger Potential
Authors: Kellermann Hagen , Habermann Anaïs Luisa , Hornung Mirko
Published: December 2019

Providing sufficient cooling power for an aircraft will become increasingly challenging with the introduction of (hybrid-) electric propulsion. To avoid excessive drag from heat exchangers, the heat sink potential of the aircraft surface is evaluated in this study. Semi-empirical correlations are used to estimate aircraft surface area and heat transfer. The impact of surface heating on aircraft drag is qualitatively assessed. Locating surface heat exchangers where fully turbulent flow is present promises a decrease in aircraft drag. Surface cooling potential is investigated over a range from small regional aircraft to large wide body jets and a range of surface temperatures. Four mission points are considered: Take-off, hot day take-off, climb and cruise. The results show that surface heat exchangers can provide cooling power in the same order of magnitude as the waste heat expected from (hybrid-) electric drive trains for all sizes of considered aircraft. Also, a clear trend favouring smaller aircraft with regards to the ratio of available to required cooling power is visible.
Predicting Streamflow and Nutrient Loadings in a Semi-Arid Mediterranean Watershed with Ephemeral Streams Using the SWAT Model
Authors: Pulighe Giuseppe , Bonati Guido , Colangeli Marco , Traverso Lorenzo , Lupia Flavio , Altobelli Filiberto , Dalla Marta Anna , Napoli Marco
Published: December 2019

Predicting the availability and quality of freshwater resources is a pressing concern in the Mediterranean area, where a number of agricultural systems depend solely on precipitation. This study aims at predicting streamflow and nonpoint pollutant loads in a temporary river system in the Mediterranean basin (Sulcis area, Sardinia, Italy). Monthly discharge, suspended sediment, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, mineral phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen in-stream monitoring data from gauge stations were used to calibrate and validate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model for the period 1979–2009. A Sequential Uncertainty Fitting procedure was used to auto-calibrate parameter uncertainties and model evaluation. Monthly simulation during the validation period showed a positive model performance for streamflow with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and percent bias values of 0.7% and 18.7%, respectively. The simulation results at a watershed level indicate that the sediment load was 1.13 t ha−1 year−1, while for total nitrogen and total phosphorus, the simulated values were 4.8 and 1.18 kg ha−1 year−1, respectively. These results were consistent with the values of soil and nutrient losses observed in the Mediterranean area, although hot-spot areas with high nutrient loadings were identified. The calibrated model could be used to assess long-term impacts on water quality associated with the simulated land use scenarios.
Supporting Crop and Different Row Spacing as Factors Influencing Weed Infestation in Lentil Crop and Seed Yield under Organic Farming Conditions
Authors: Kraska Piotr , Andruszczak Sylwia , Kwiecińska-Poppe Ewa , Staniak Mariola , Różyło Krzysztof , Rusecki Hubert
Published: December 2019

A field study was conducted at the Certified Organic Farm in Poland over the period 2014–2016. This study evaluated weed infestation and seed yield of the lentil varieties ‘Tina’ and ‘Anita’, as well as of a mixture of these two varieties, sole cropped and row intercropped with naked oats as a supporting crop. Additionally, lentil was sown at a different row spacing of 20 and 25 cm. The lentil variety ‘Anita’ produced 25.3% higher yields than var. ‘Tina’. Weight of 1000 seed, number of pods per plant, and first pod height did not differ significantly in the treatments with the lentil varieties. The lentil seed yield obtained in the treatments with a supporting crop was lower by 9.4% compared with the sole cropped plots. In turn, the 1000 seed weight was 3.9% higher in the treatment where a supporting crop was used. The presence of oats as a supporting crop in lentil crop allowed crop competitiveness against weeds to be increased significantly, thus reducing their total number and dry weight by 5.3% and 30.5%, respectively. Sowing lentil at different row spacings did not have a significant effect on seed yield and weed infestation in crop. The greatest diversity of weed species was found in the treatments where the mixture of the lentil varieties was sown and in the treatment with the smaller row spacing. Intercropping of lentil with oats resulted in reduced occurrence of monocotyledonous weeds such as Echinochloa crus-galli and Elymus repens. The presence of oat as a supporting crop can effectively reduce the pressure from weeds without significantly reducing lentil cultivar yield in organic farming.
Modifying the CROPGRO Safflower Model to Simulate Growth, Seed and Floret Yield under Field Conditions in Southwestern Germany
Authors: Steberl Kathrin , Boote Kenneth J. , Munz Sebastian , Graeff-Hönninger Simone
Published: December 2019

The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) currently provides a safflower model based on CROPGRO. The model was calibrated with the field data of one cultivar grown in New Mexico in 2013 and 2014. As it is rather new and has not yet been tested with other field data, it is important to evaluate the model in different environments. This study evaluated the CROPGRO safflower model for two different cultivars grown under field conditions in southwestern Germany. In addition, a new approach was added, enabling it to predict the yield of florets, which is of special interest, as these are used as a food colorant in Europe. The default model was evaluated with data from 2017 and 2018, obtained in a field trial in southwestern Germany with two cultivars, with row spacing of 12 and 33 cm and sowing densities of 40 and 75 plants m−2. As the default model was not well adapted to European conditions, model modifications were implemented in the species, ecotype, and cultivar files. With these modifications, observed variables such as leaf appearance over time were well predicted (RMSE: 4.76; d-index: 0.88), and simulations of the specific leaf area and leaf area index were greatly improved (RMSE: 24.14 and 0.82; d-index: 0.78 and 0.73). Simulations of the original New Mexico data set were also improved. The newly-added approach to predict floret yield was successfully integrated into the model. Over two years and two cultivars, floret yield was simulated with a RMSE of 97.24 and a d-index of 0.79. Overall, the extended model proved to be useful for simulating growth, floret yield, and yield of safflower in southwestern Germany.
Chronic Lyme Disease: An Evidence-Based Definition by the ILADS Working Group
Authors: Shor Samuel , Green Christine , Szantyr Beatrice , Phillips Steven , Liegner Kenneth , Burrascano Joseph , Bransfield Robert , Maloney Elizabeth L.
Published: December 2019

Objective: Chronic Lyme disease has been a poorly defined term and often dismissed as a fictitious entity. In this paper, the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS) provides its evidence-based definition of chronic Lyme disease. Definition: ILADS defines chronic Lyme disease (CLD) as a multisystem illness with a wide range of symptoms and/or signs that are either continuously or intermittently present for a minimum of six months. The illness is the result of an active and ongoing infection by any of several pathogenic members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex (Bbsl). The infection has variable latency periods and signs and symptoms may wax, wane and migrate. CLD has two subcategories, CLD, untreated (CLD-U) and CLD, previously treated (CLD-PT). The latter requires that CLD manifestations persist or recur following treatment and are present continuously or in a relapsing/remitting pattern for a duration of six months or more. Methods: Systematic review of over 250 peer reviewed papers in the international literature to characterize the clinical spectrum of CLD-U and CLD-PT. Conclusion: This evidence-based definition of chronic Lyme disease clarifies the term’s meaning and the literature review validates that chronic and ongoing Bbsl infections can result in chronic disease. Use of this CLD definition will promote a better understanding of the infection and facilitate future research of this infection.
Characterization of Antibiotic and Biocide Resistance Genes and Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus Species Associated with Bovine Mastitis in Rwanda
Authors: Antók Fruzsina Irén , Mayrhofer Rosa , Marbach Helene , Masengesho Jean Claude , Keinprecht Helga , Nyirimbuga Vedaste , Fischer Otto , Lepuschitz Sarah , Ruppitsch Werner , Ehling-Schulz Monika , Feßler Andrea T. , Schwarz Stefan , Monecke Stefan , Ehricht Ralf , Grunert Tom , Spergser Joachim , Loncaric Igor
Published: December 2019

The present study was conducted from July to August 2018 on milk samples taken at dairy farms in the Northern Province and Kigali District of Rwanda in order to identify Staphylococcus spp. associated with bovine intramammary infection. A total of 161 staphylococcal isolates originating from quarter milk samples of 112 crossbred dairy cattle were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and isolates were examined for the presence of various resistance genes. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were also analyzed for the presence of virulence factors, genotyped by spa typing and further phenotypically subtyped for capsule expression using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Selected S. aureus were characterized using DNA microarray technology, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing. All mecA-positive staphylococci were further genotyped using dru typing. In total, 14 different staphylococcal species were detected, with S. aureus being most prevalent (26.7%), followed by S. xylosus (22.4%) and S. haemolyticus (14.9%). A high number of isolates was resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. Various antimicrobial and biocide resistance genes were detected. Among S. aureus, the Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, as well as bovine leukocidin (LukM/LukF-P83) genes, were detected in two and three isolates, respectively, of which two also carried the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene tsst-1 bovine variant. t1236 was the predominant spa type. FTIR-based capsule serotyping revealed a high prevalence of non-encapsulated S. aureus isolates (89.5%). The majority of the selected S. aureus isolates belonged to clonal complex (CC) 97 which was determined using DNA microarray based assignment. Three new MLST sequence types were detected.