bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE WARSAW TREATY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE INDUSTRY
Authors:   ", Vasilachi Dragos-Catalin ,   Carol I",   National Defense University, Bucharest, Vasilachi Constantin
Published: July 2022

The historical moments of the end of the Second World War have generated a very complex European security environment on the international geopolitical scene. The Cold War had begun, the Iron Curtain Restrictions System had been established, and in 1949 the Washington Treaty was signed, forming the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO), a military system with the mission of ensuring security on the European continent. In 1955, at the initiative of the USSR, the European communist states concluded the Warsaw Pact, officially called the Warsaw Pact or the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance. It was, in fact, also a military alliance formed in response to the North Atlantic Alliance, out of a desire to defend against possible threats or attacks from the NATO system. This article is a study of this period, in which we will give an important place to the analysis of the implications of the Warsaw Pact in the development of the national economic environment, especially of the national defense industry. Despite the unprecedented achievements in the production and export of weapons and ammunition systems, the stability of the Eastern European security environment has been severely affected by the pursuit of undemocratic strategies by Russian state actors, expressed through threats and actions of energy blackmail, intensification of cross-border tensions, attempts to strain relations between states, maintain border conflicts (even between treaty states), as well as annexation of territories using armed force and the strategy of persistent conflict. Such aspects have intensified after the events of the early 1990s, following the abolition of the Warsaw Pact and the dissolution of the Soviet Empire.
Rios, ruas e redes
Authors: Silva Dayana K. Melo da
Published: July 2022

A cidade de São Paulo se desenvolveu baseada em uma lógica de urbanização que ocultou uma rede hidrográfica de mais de trezentos cursos de água. Este artigo tem o objetivo de investigar o papel das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) nas ações de coletivos e iniciativas sociais engajados no desocultamento dessas águas. O método de investigação e análise consiste no mapeamento e observação dos coletivos e dos dispositivos e arquiteturas digitais e em rede mobilizados por esses grupos. Isso indica traçar e descrever as interações entre pessoas, tecnologias e outros elementos espaciais que também compõem o processo. A fim de inserir a discussão dentro de uma perspectiva tecnocomunicacional, a análise buscou destacar dois aspectos, a saber, a natureza e forma reticular do fenômeno investigado e a contínua hibridação entre espaços e territórios físicos e digitais-informacionais.
embate de narrativas entre Jair Bolsonaro e o Jornal Nacional
Authors: Martins Simone Teixeira , Coimbra Mayra Regina , Falcão Luiz Felipe Novais , Oliveira Luiz Ademir de , Coutinho Iluska Maria da Silva , Leal Paulo Roberto Figueira
Published: July 2022

Análise acerca do embate de narrativas entre o presidente da República e o Jornal Nacional. Confronto dos discursos de Jair Bolsonaro e do noticiário para o enfrentamento da Covid-19 no Brasil e a disputa narrativa e por poder simbólico entre eles.
Evaluation of materials used for coatings of electrical connectors used in the electrical harness of passengers cars
Authors: Adamczyk Paulina , Zięty Anna , Grygier Dominika
Published: July 2022

Automotive electrical connectors are the essential components of a wiring harness. They are typically made of copper, which has excellent electrical conductivity. Due to the limited corrosion resistance of pure copper, connectors are often coated with other metals. In this paper, the qualities of coatings made of gold and tin are investigated and compared. The samples were examined by a metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The examination revealed uneven thickness, delamination of the coatings, and issues with the preparation of the core material for coating. Numerous burrs and irregularities were observed. Selected samples were examined in salt solution to test their corrosion resistance. Even though gold is a noble metal and its electrochemical potential is higher, the tin coating was more resistant to corrosion.
Study of level crossing safety installation operation parameters on the basis of stochastic modeling
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Galinurov Rishat Zinfirovich , Popov Anton Nikolaevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

Reasons that lead to delay of motor transport at a closed railway crossing and to increase of a number of transport accidents at road level intersections are caused by the imperfection of the currently used method for calculation of parameters of level crossing safety installations. The paper proposes a probabilistic method for studying level crossing safety installations that considers parameters of railway transport traffic. For the creation of a stochastic model the authors have applied the Petri nets theory. Besides they have considered issues of analytical studying of the model on the basis of the graph theory and the theory of semi-Markovian processes. As a result, on the basis of stochastic modeling the authors have calculated parameters of devices for a level crossing safety installation.
Classification of magnetic adhesion boosters and search for new decisions for traction drive
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Kosmodamianskiy Andrey Sergeevich , Vorobyev Vladimir Ivanovich ,   Bryansk State Technical University (BSTU), Izmerov Oleg Vasilyevich ,   Bryansk State Technical University (BSTU), Pugachev Alexander Anatolyevich ,   Bryansk State Technical University (BSTU), Korchagin Vadim Olegovich ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Nikolaev Evgeniy Vladimirovich ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2022

The paper is devoted to search for new decisions for locomotive traction drive with a magnetic adhesion booster (MAB). In result of the analysis the authors have established that an optimal design for MABs that should increase axle load (magnetic boosters) and for MABs that should control an adhesion coefficient will differ. They have proposed a new classification that considers separation on magnetic boosters and devices for inertialess control of the adhesion coefficient and that covers new designs patented by the authors. It is established that a design of the MAB with inductor wiring located around a wheelset axle to the greatest extent complies requirements that are imposed to assemblies of locomotive underframe. The authors have suggested new designs for a traction drive with an arc-type-stator inductor electric motor that provides a possibility to place wiring of the MAB on a wheelset axle at a diameter of a wheel equal to 1050 mm, at rigid and elastic mounting of an electric traction motor and the MAB on a wheelset axle. The decisions proposed are protected by two patents, seven patents for utility models. Moreover, the authors have submitted an application for one patent.
Dynamic reserves for acceleration of car turnover on low-active sections
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tushin Nikolay Andreevich , Timukhin Kirill Maximovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Smorodintseva Tatyana Andreevna ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

Service culture policy assumes a transition in the sales system from a model of product specialization to a model of product integration. This means that it is necessary to offer customers a complex turnkey package of services. Such a task needs segmentation of clients. Meanwhile, the main attention is obviously paid to big cargo owners that form a financial result and for them specialized technological products are customized. At the same time, on low-active sections there are enterprises with small volumes of shipment. In this case the policy of cost reduction on infrastructure maintenance complicates transport service, leads to increase of total cost of transportation and, as a sequence, to redirection of freight traffic to motor transport. That is why, for low-active sections it is necessary to develop separate transport products. It is possible to decrease traffic handling costs by implementation of complex forwarding service simultaneously for all enterprises located on a low-active section. The paper considers one of the methods for decreasing costs of forwarding service on the basis of activation of dynamic reserves. Moreover, the authors propose a method of planning and effect calculation.
Increase of life cycle of storage batteries used on technical means of railway transport by protection from deep discharge
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Buynosov Alexander Petrovich , Durandin Mikhail Gelievich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tutynin Oleg Ivanovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

Modernization of old types of energy storages leads to appearance of new more reliable, efficient and energy-intensive storage devices. But at the same time, they become more complicated and more expensive. That is why maintenance and increase of life cycle for traditional and technologically simple batteries is still actual problem. The paper considers reasons of quick failure one of the most widely spread types of storage batteries used in railway and motor transport - lead-acid batteries. The paper presents consequences of such dangerous phenomenon as sulphation of electrodes arising due to deep discharge of a battery. The authors have revealed additional factors that lead to sulphation. As a result, the authors suggest a principal protection circuit from a critically low charge of batteries on the basis of simple electric devices - a contactor, a relay, a switch and diodes.
Solving a transport problem using Dijkstra's algorithm for freight transportation
Authors:   Angarsk State Technical University, Lebedeva O. A. , Kulakova I. M. ,   Angarsk State Technical University
Published: July 2022

For the development of the road transportation process organization sector, it is necessary to solve the problems of finding the shortest path using Dijkstra’s algorithm. Meeting the needs of the population with high-quality services provided by the transport complex is possible due to the formation of a technically, technologically and economically balanced transport complex with the use of new methods and tools for optimizing the transport system. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the problem of efficiency of the transport network functioning with finding the shortest distances is of complex character. High traffic intensity, lack of reserves for full loading of the road transport network (RTN), not optimally calculated transport network automatically lead to low system performance. The problems and prospects of organizing the work of the transport system in the context of introduction of modern geoinformation technologies and definition of improvement of the most significant areas in the organization of the transportation process are the purpose of this article. The system is based on Dijkstra’s algorithm, which allows to search for the shor-test path with minimal costs and ensure the increase in the transport network efficiency. The stated goals are planned to be achieved by providing new software implementation, where a four-layer data collection system is proposed, as well as a graph calculation in the freight transport network is developed and implemented.
Throughput capacity of a single-track stage when designing a double-track insert
Authors:   Siberian State University of Railway Transport, Klimova E. V. , Pilipushka L. E. ,   Siberian State University of Railway Transport, Anisimova S. V. ,   Siberian State University of Railway Transport
Published: July 2022

At the present stage of development of the railway transport infrastructure, the construction of double-track inserts can be considered as the first stage of strengthening the throughput and carrying capacity before the construction of the second continuous main tracks. In this study, the regulatory documentation that establishes the procedure for calculating and analyzing the capacity of double-track crossings is analyzed, dependent, conditionally independent and unaccounted factors affecting the capacity are classified. As part of the implementation of the project for the development of the Eastern Polygon, a static analysis of the linear parameters of the spans on which double-track inserts are designed is presented. In case of a conditional railway stage with characteristics close to the existing ones, the influence of the average speed of trains on the stage on the available capacity was studied. Graphs of the dependence of these parameters are plotted, and the most probable loss of throughput is determined for different lengths of runs and a given length of a two-track insert. It is established that with decrease in the average speed of trains on the single-track part of the stage, for example, due to the current long-term speed restrictions, there is a sudden decrease in the available capacity, which ultimately leads to the need to design a double-track insert of a longer length and the increase in investment to the development of the stage throughput capacity.
Organization of a unified recycling system for vehicles on the territory of Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University (UrFU), Kuznetsova E. Yu. , Amosov N. A. ,   Ural Federal University (UrFU)
Published: July 2022

The problem of disposal of vehicles that had been decommissioned was raised. The assessment of the vehicle recycling system of European countries is given. The analysis of the age structure of the city fleet of vehicles according to Rosstat data for the end of 2019 was carried out. The problems of the current recycling system in Russia have been identified. In the course of the study, the order of vehicle types entry into a single recycling system was determined. The structure of recycling production based on foreign experience is described. The purposes of utilization capacities by sites and technologies of utilization are determined. A methodology for determining the rational placement of recycling facilities on the territory of Russia was developed, taking into account the criterion of the city size and the criterion of manufacturability. For the calculation part, the values of the potentials of the cities with the largest congestion of vehicles are used. The reasons for excluding cities of federal significance from further calculations are substantiated. The grouping of cities for the graphic part is reasoned. The parameters allowing to determine the appropriate location of shredder installations are revealed. The methodology takes into account the criterion of improving the socio-economic situation of small and medium-sized cities. The approbation of the methodology verification is presented and the results obtained for evaluation of labour resources are verified. One of the results obtained did not pass the population test, but an additional analysis was carried out.
Review of the monograph by T. V. Bugaichuk “The formation of the civil identity of the young generation in the period of socio-cultural transformation of modern Russia”
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Koryakovtseva Olga A.
Published: July 2022

Review of the monograph by T. V. Bugaichuk “The formation of the civil identity of the young generation in the period of socio-cultural transformation of modern Russia”
State policy in the field of higher education in the Russian Federation: aspects of its implementation in Central federal district universities
Authors:   Federal research sociological center of the Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Talanov Sergey L.
Published: July 2022

Within the framework of the sociological study presented in the article, priority areas of educational policy in the Russian Federation are studied. As part of the study, representatives of faculty (associate professors, professors, head of departments, deans) from head (basic, classical) regional universities of the Central Federal District were selectively interviewed. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, the results of sociological research conducted by employees of the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and regulatory legal and by-laws governing the field of higher education were studied. In addition, the federal budget expenditures for the implementation of particularly significant measures in the field of higher education were analyzed. It was established that regardless of gender, age, job characteristics, the attitude towards the reduction (unification) of universities is negative. Moreover, that part of the teachers who worked at the university, annexed (liquidated) as institutes or faculties, is more satisfied with the unification of universities than that part of the teachers working at the university to which they joined. It is believed that the main criterion for assessing the university is the research conducted by teachers (articles, books, monographs, etc.) and the number of doctors and candidates of sciences. It was revealed that a significant part of the respondents have a negative attitude towards the accession of the Russian Federation to the Bologna process. The higher the age and position held at the university, the more negative the attitude towards the two-level training system (bachelormaster). In addition, it was established that the majority, regardless of their positions, gender and age characteristics, as well as the specialization of the university, earn extra money. Measures are proposed to improve Russian state policy in the field of higher education.
Public participation in general educational organization management
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Shobonov Nikolai A.
Published: July 2022

Public participation in the management of an educational organization, which has a tradition in Russian educational practice since the XVIII century, is an integral part of its management activities. One of the fundamental principles of the relationship between the state and its citizens is the right of society to participate in governance. The state in educational policy, the National project “Education” considers the formation of state-public management of an educational organization as a priority in its activities, understanding the importance of public participation in education management. At the federal level, the rights and obligations of participants in educational relations are defined. The article gives several definitions of the concept of state-public management of education, which reveal the essence of this process. Most Russian scientists understand the state-public management of education as constant participation in the management and interaction of two subjects expressing the interests, policies of both the state and the interests of society and the population. The author analyzes the historical experience of managing education with public participation, noting that the insufficient development of democratic institutions in Russia until the second half of the XIX century prevented the establishment of a dialogue between the authorities and society in matters of education. The Zemstvo reform of 1864 became the catalyst for the process of public participation in the management of education. Further, the author characterizes the activities of public governing bodies of educational organizations, such as the School Council, the governing council, the board of trustees, etc. The article presents a theoretical understanding of the forms of public administration, examples of successful educational practices are given. The federal law “On Education in the Russian Federation” defined the requirements for taking into account public opinion when making a number of managerial decisions by the heads of educational organizations, granted the right to teachers, students and their parents to participate in management. Emphasis is placed on a list of a number of reasons that impede the development of public participation in the management of a general educational organization, and directions for optimizing the management process are proposed.
Tingkat Pencemaran Lindi Pada Air Tanah Dangkal Di Sekitar TPA Kebon Kongok Menggunakan Parameter Fisika dan Kimia
Authors: Syuzita Amalia , Meiliyadi Lalu Ahmad Didik , Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: July 2022

Research has been conducted on the level of pollution caused by Leachate in shallow groundwater around Kebon Kongok landfill, Gerung, West Lombok. This research was conducted considering that water has many benefits in daily life, so it is important to know the quality of the water consumed. The research used experimental methods by analyzing physical parameters (Temperature, conductivity, pH and TDS) and chemical parameters in the form of heavy metal content (Pb, Fe, Cu and Mn). The results of physical parameter tests mostly show that the quality of shallow groundwater is still within the safe quality standard, there is 1 shallow groundwater point that is polluted due to the close proximity to the leachate. Chemical parameters indicate that the content of heavy metals is mostly well below the quality standard, except Cu metal is detected at 0.029 mg / l and Mn metal 1,457 mg / l at a distance of 50 m.KEYWORDS : Leachate; Shallow Water; Physics Parameters; Chemical Parameters
Leveraging Machine Learning and Model-Agnostic Explanations to Understand Automated Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Sun Christopher , Sharma Jai , Maiti Milind
Published: July 2022

The pervasiveness of cardiovascular disease and physician misdiagnosis creates the urgent need for artificial intelligence models to improve diagnosis accuracy. The first objective of this study was to train machine learning models on publicly available data sets containing simple medical information of patients to diagnose cardiovascular disease. The Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) assembled for this task performed optimally with an F1 score of 0.8968. This prompted the creation of an open-source, automated cardiovascular disease diagnosis tool, powered by the MLP. The second objective of this study was to employ a meta-learning methodology called Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) to understand the impact of different features on the model's diagnosis in the form of marginal probabilities. K-Means Clustering was employed to segment the data into ten clusters, after which each data example was passed through LIME. The resulting histograms depict the complex relationship between feature, cluster, and impact on diagnosis. A series of P-values with contrasting orders of magnitude shows the nuances in the MLP's understanding of patients from different clusters. The results of meta-learning analysis reveal that the most important features for cardiovascular disease diagnosis are fasting blood sugar, type of chest pain, and slope of the ST segment on an electrocardiogram. Future experiments should replicate the novel methodology introduced in this study on data sets containing more specialized medical features in order to gain practical medical insights about different types of cardiovascular disease represented by each cluster. Finally, feature engineering pathways should be explored with consideration of these results to create versatile diagnosis models not only for cardiovascular disease, but adaptable to other diseases as well.
Analysis of Confirmatory Auditory Responses in Unilateral Tinnitus Patients with Normal Hearing
Authors: Jeong Yong Jun , Oh Kyoung Ho , Lim Sung Jin , Park Dong Heun , Rah Yoon Chan , Choi June
Published: July 2022

In patients with unilateral tinnitus with normal hearing, several studies have compared the ipsilateral and contralateral ears; however, few studies have investigated its relationship with the duration of tinnitus. We compared the auditory brainstem response and otoacoustic emission parameters between ipsilateral and contralateral ears in adults with unilateral tinnitus and normal hearing. This retrospective review included 84 patients with unilateral tinnitus and normal hearing who underwent auditory brainstem response and otoacoustic emission; they were categorized according to the duration of tinnitus. The latencies and amplitudes of waves I, III, and V, and V/I ratio of both ears in auditory brainstem response, and the results of distortion-product otoacoustic emission and transient evoked otoacoustic emission were examined. The auditory brainstem response parameters, distortion-product otoacoustic emission parameters, and transient evoked otoacoustic emission parameters between the ipsilateral and contralateral ears along the duration of tinnitus were analyzed. Moreover, the failure rates of both distortion-product otoacoustic emission and transient evoked otoacoustic emission between the ears along with the duration and the effects of the variables on the amplitude and latency of each wave were examined. Although there was little significant difference between the ipsilateral and contralateral ears, laterality seemed to have an effect on wave I latency in the multiple linear regression analysis. The distortion-product otoacoustic emission failure rate of the ipsilateral ear was higher than that of the contralateral ear in all patients. However, there was no remarkable difference between the ears in the distortion-product otoacoustic emission and transient evoked otoacoustic emission parameters throughout the duration. We found that outer hair cells and the distal portion of the cochlear nerve are possible pathologic lesions in tinnitus with normal hearing and cochlear synaptopathy could be suspected. Further studies, including those on inner hair cells and higher central cortex, are needed.
From Minor Mutant to Dominance, the Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Caspari Thomas
Published: July 2022

The successive waves of the Covid-19 pandemic are driven by SARS-CoV-2 variants that reached critical detection levels in different parts of the world. But how evolved the Wuhan virus since its detection in December 2019 into the Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants of concern? This is a story of mice and men, of up to 1,000,000 infected cells in one person, where each cell produces between 105 and 106 viral RNAs, of immune-compromised patients, the digestive tract and viral recombination.
Biomechanical Sensing using Gas Bubbles Oscillations in Liquids and Adjacent Technologies: Theory and Practical Applications
Authors: Maksymov Ivan S. , Huy Nguyen Bui Quoc , Suslov Sergey A.
Published: July 2022

Gas bubbles present in liquids underpin many natural phenomena and human-developed technologies that improve the quality of life. Since all living organisms are predominantly made of water, they may also contain gas bubbles—introduced both naturally and artificially—that can serve as biomechanical sensors operating in hard-to-reach places inside a living body and emitting signals that can be detected by common equipment used in ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging procedures. This kind of biosensors is the focus of the present article, where we critically review the emergent sensing technologies based on acoustically driven oscillations of gas bubbles in liquids and bodily fluids. This review is intended for a broad biosensing community and transdisciplinary researchers translating novel ideas from theory to experiment and then to practice. To this end, all discussions in this review are written in a language that is accessible to non-experts in specific fields of acoustics, fluid dynamics and acousto-optics.
Functional Diversity of Microbial Communities in the Soybean (Glycine max L.) Rhizosphere from Free State, South Africa
Authors: Ajiboye Titilope Tinu , Ayangbenro Ayansina Segun , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti
Published: July 2022

The plant microbiome is involved in enhancing nutrient acquisition, plant growth, stress tolerance and reduces chemical inputs. The identification of microbial functional diversity offers the chance to comprehend and engineer them for various agricultural processes. Using a shotgun metagenomics technique, this study examined the functional diversity and metabolic potentials of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soybean. 18 genera were selected out of which six are prominent in sample AB, the prominent genera are Geobacter, Nitrobacter, Burkholderia, Candidatus, Bradyrhizobium and Streptomyces. Twenty-one functional categories were present with 14 of the functions being dominant. The dominant functions include carbohydrates, fatty acids, lipids and isoprenoids, amino acids and derivatives, sulfur metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism. Kruskal- Wallis test was used to test samples’ diversity differences. There was a significant difference in the diversity with p-value of 0.04. ANOSIM was used to analyse the similarities of the samples, p-values and R-values of the samples were 0.01 and 0.5835 respectively. Phosphorus with p-value of0.718 and 64.3% contribution was more prominent among the soil properties that have influence on functional diversity of the samples. Given the functional groups reported in this study, it is clear that soil characteristics had an impact on on the functions role of the rhizospheric microbiome of soybean
Tradisi Kawin Gantung di Jawa Barat dalam Perspektif Perlindungan Hak Anak di Bawah Umur
Authors: Datilah Ilahi , Bastian Zein
Published: July 2022

This study aims to explain about ‘kawin gantung’ in the Sundanese tribal community, especially in several areas in West Java as part of a tradition that is still being maintained by some local people. The research method used is analytical descriptive research, which is a method carried out through studying and analyzing and giving an overview of the existence of “Kawin Gantung” in several areas in West Java in perspective on the protection of minors using a qualitative approach by providing interpretation of the data obtained by looking at the rule of law, theories and principles of law with the aim of answering the problem, with data collection technique through literatur study. The findings in this study that ‘kawin gantung’ with objects of minors which are still being carried out or maintained by some people in several areas in West Java, including in Cipaeh Serdang Village, Tangerang Regency, Cikawung Village, Tasikmalaya Regency, and Ujung Gebang Village, Cirebon Regency are not in line with the provisions that regulate the minimum age limit for marriage and is not in line with the protection and respect for children's rights, especially the right to have their opinions heard and the right to obtain tion against child marriage.
Modern Approaches to the Interpretation of the Results of Large Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Gilyarevsky S. R.
Published: July 2022

Modern approaches to interpreting the results of randomized trials, which can reduce the distortion of information when they are presented to a wide range of doctors, are discussed in the article. Data on the role of taking into account multiple comparisons in the planning and analysis of large randomized clinical trials are given. The validity and approaches to using a hierarchical approach to assessing the statistical significance of indicators (“endpoints”) in cases where, in accordance with a pre-adopted study protocol, several indicators are supposed to be evaluated are considered in detail. Approaches to interpreting the p value as well as 95% confidence intervals are considered. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the components of the main combined indicator, since when interpreting just such data, the presentation of the results of the study and the manipulation of doctors' opinions may be distorted. This is especially true for data on mortality and mortality from complications of cardiovascular diseases. Modern approaches to the analysis of research results using methods other than the usual Kaplan-Meier analysis, in particular, the method based on the calculation of the "win ratio" are discussed. Data obtained in modern clinical studies are given as examples.
Aromatic Amino Acids: Phenylalanine and Tyrosine in Patients with Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Krivova A. V. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Korobkova E. O. , Zektser V. Yu. , Zheleznykh E. A. , Ageev А. A. , Moskaleva N. E. , Kukharenko A. V. , Appolonova S. A. , Belenkov Yu. N.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate changes in the profile of aromatic amino acids (AAA) in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD): hypertension and coronary artery disease (CАD) in comparison with healthy study participants.

Material and methods. One hundred and thirty-one participants were included in the study: 58 participants were included in the hypertension group, 46 in the CАD group, and 27 participants without signs of CVD in the control group. We used ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography in combination with a triple quadrupole analyzer to measure plasma AAA: phenylalanine and tyrosine (Phe, Tyr) in all study participants. The association of AAA with biochemical blood test parameters, echocardiography (EchoCG) parameters, blood pressure level and clinical characteristics was analyzed.

Results. A statistically significant difference in the level of concentration of Phe and Tyr was revealed (p=0,002 and p=0,024, respectively), comparing the three groups. Post-hoc analysis showed differences in the circulating level of both amino acids in patients with CAD vs the control group (Phe p=0,008 and Tyr p=0,020). Also a statistically significant difference in the level of Phe of the hypertension and CАD groups (p=0,017) was found. A negative correlation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) with the level of Phe (r=-0,685, p<0,05) and Tyr (r=-0,583, p<0,05), as well as the level of Phe with total cholesterol (r=-0,461, p<0,05) was found in the group without CVD. In the hypertension group, only a weak positive correlation was found between very low-density lipoproteins and AAA levels (Phe r=0,326 and Tyr r=0,365, p<0,05), while in patients with CAD, the level of Phe and Tyr was negative correlated with high-density lipoprotein (r=-0,378 and r=-0,543, respectively, p<0,05), and the level of Tyr with LDL (r=0,349, p<0,05). When isolating the group with proven atherosclerosis of peripheral and/or coronary arteries, a statistically significant difference was revealed between the group of patients with CVD and clinical and instrumental signs of atherosclerosis and the group of patients with CVD without proven atherosclerosis in Phe level (p=0,019).

Conclusion. Concentrations of AAA were higher in patients with CVD, comparing with the control group. At the same time, an increase of the Phe level was associated with the presence of peripheral or coronary atherosclerosis. The revealed correlations of AAA with EchoCG parameters and lipid spectrum parameters require further study to understand the involvement of AAA in pathogenesis of CVD and its potential role as treatment target.
Acute Kidney Injury after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Kremneva L. V. , Gapon L. I. , Shalaev S. V. , Krasheninin D. V.
Published: July 2022

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence and predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Material and methods. 50 patients (39 women, 11 men) aged 76 (71; 80) years who underwent TAVI were examined. One day after TAVI, blood creatinine level was determined by the Jaffe method and troponin I by a highly sensitive method (hs-cTnI). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria (2012). The following hospital complications were evaluated: cases of cardiac death, intraoperative myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and transient ischemic attack, permanent pacemaker implantation, recurrent paroxysms of atrial fibrillation.

Results. History of MI had 22% of patients, percutaneous coronary intervention – 38%, hypertension – 98%, chronic kidney disease – 48%, diabetes mellitus – 24%, class II NYHA of chronic heart failure (CHF) – 52%, NYHA class III – 46%, NYHA class IV – 2%. The risk of operational mortality according to EuroSCORE II was 6.3±5.4%. AKI after TAVI was registered in 6 (12%) patients (1 grade AKI – 8%, 2 grade – 2%, 3 grade – 2%). Parameters associated with AKI after TAVI were higher CHF NYHA class (p=0,020), high hs-cTnI level (p=0,013), intraoperative MI (p=0.035). The predictor of AKI after TAVI was high hs-cTnI level (odds ratio 4.0, 95% confidence interval 1.0-16.1). Among patients with AKI after TAVI in compare with patients without AKI, the cumulative frequency of cardiac death, MI, strokes and transient ischemic attacks, implantation of a permanent pacemaker, the proportion of people with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during the hospital stay was 5,8 times higher (66.7% vs 11.4% respectively, p=0.001).

Conclusion. AKI after TAVI was present in 12% of patients. The predictor for AKI development was an increase in hs-cTnI level after TAVI implantation. The hospital prognosis after TAVI is worse in patients with postoperative AKI.
A Produção Tecnológica do Instituto Federal Catarinense: Um levantamento dos resultados de 2011 a 2019
Authors: Paes de Barros Rafael
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo apresenta a produção tecnológica do Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC) no período de 2011 a 2019. É apresentado um levantamento de títulos de Propriedade Intelectual e processos de transferência de tecnologia do IFC. O movimento de incentivar-se a produção tecnológica nas Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICTs) públicas iniciou-se em 2004 por meio da lei de inovação nº 10.973/04 com a criação dos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT), que trata-se do setor responsável pela gestão da inovação no âmbito de cada ICT pública, com o papel de proteger as tecnologias desenvolvidas na ICT por meio da gestão da Propriedade Intelectual, incentivando o processo de transferência de tecnologia para a sociedade. Esta legislação sofreu uma atualização por meio do Novo Marco Legal da Ciência Tecnologia e Inovação, Lei nº 13.243 de 2016, que ampliou as competências do NIT e simplificou a burocracia em se tratando das relações entre universidade e empresa, com intuito de facilitar o processo de desenvolvimento tecnológico em conjunto, e também a transferência de tecnologia. A pesquisa é realizada por meio de uma revisão documental nos bancos de dados do NIT do IFC em relação aos processos de produção tecnológica no período de 2011 a 2019, e por meio de revisão de literatura sobre essa temática em bases de dados gratuitas de artigos científicos. Por fim são apresentados os resultados do IFC que perfazem um total de 70 títulos de Propriedade Intelectual e 3 transferências de tecnologia no período analisado.
EDITORIAL: Empreendedorismo de Base Universitária como Motor da Inovação
Authors: ZAAK SARAIVA Illyushin , Butzen Eduardo , Antonello Ricardo
Published: July 2022

Esta edição do Caderno de Propriedade Intelectual e Transferência de Tecnologia, dando continuidade ao propósito de disseminar a inovação tecnológica tanto no que diz respeito ao nível micro, na forma de novos produtos, processos e serviços de base tecnológica, quanto, no nível macro, expresso em novos métodos de análise e solução dos problemas da realidade, vem premiar esforços de pesquisadores das mais diversas áreas publicando um grupo de trabalhos de alta qualidade, fruto da criatividade e do rigor metodológico de equipes de investigação abstrata e times de pesquisa aplicada espalhados por todo o território nacional.
Desde seu surgimento em 2019, a revista traz o compromisso de mesclar os frutos do ecossistema de inovação de Luzerna-SC – um dos mais vibrantes do país, e que levou esta cidade a ser considerada naquele mesmo ano como o município com o maior número de Startups por habitante do Brasil (RODRIGUES, 2019) – com  os resultados de projetos de pesquisa os mais diversos e oriundos de todas as áreas do conhecimento, conforme a política editorial da publicação.
Assim, tem-se nesta edição de junho de 2021 do caderno a oportunidade de apresentar artigos de análise socioeconômica relativos às realidades local e nacional, bem como trabalhos apresentando novos processos, novos produtos e serviços desenvolvidos por brasileiros, no seio de instituições brasileiras, assim demonstrando-se novamente o gigantesco potencial de inovação do povo brasileiro, no qual se depositam esperanças de um futuro cada vez mais grandioso em termos do desenvolvimento técnico-científico, aliado à mudança para nova sustentabilidade ambiental.
Target-Hitting Probability Prediction of Landing Point for a Horizontal Well
Authors: Yin Hu , Jiang Xinghong , Li Qian , Gao Jiajia
Published: July 2022

The uncertainties of the reservoir depth and wellbore position derived from the measurement error of the well trajectory means that entering the landing point of a horizontal well is challenging. In many cases for horizontal well trajectory control, the influence of depth error on the target probability is not considered because methods of analyzing the effects of position uncertainty quantitatively are lacking. This study considers the effects of uncertainty of the wellbore position and that of the vertical depth of the reservoir on the horizontal well in terms of hitting a target. We assume that the wellbore position and target depth conform to the law of normal distribution. Accordingly, a horizontal well target-hitting probability prediction model is established. With the four aspects of random, system, well-by-well and global errors considered, 14 error sources and error weight functions that affect the measurement depth are first determined. The error theory is then used to establish a calculation model for the error of measurement depth as well as a method for predicting the probability of hitting the landing point in a horizontal well. This method not only can be used to predict the target-hitting probability of the landing point, but it can also be used to analyze various factors that affect the target entry in the horizontal well. This research also provides a theoretical basis for selecting marker beds and conducting well trajectory design to effectively improve the target-hitting probability in horizontal wells.
Digitalization strategy for personalized dental medicine: A case study on orthodontic service
Authors: Tsai I-Ching , Wei Hui-Chi , Chen Peng-Ting
Published: July 2022

Background:
Digital technologies are increasingly being used in medical practice to improve the doctor–patient relationship. Patient communication exerts a significant impact on the effect of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction. However, how medical providers can implement digital transformation with limited resources in digital technologies to achieve the best benefits is yet unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the digital transformation framework in the context of the orthodontic process and understand the needs and desires of various stakeholders to help dentists formulate optimal digital transformation strategies of personalized dental medicine.
Methods:
A review of the literature related to the orthodontic process and interviews with relevant stakeholders were conducted. Content analysis was subsequently performed to construct an evaluation framework of the digital transformation of the orthodontic service. Finally, desire–requirement analysis (DRA)-NRM was performed.
Results:
This research constructed an evaluation framework of the digital transformation of four procedures, namely, clinical evaluation (CE), therapeutic communication (TC), orthodontic treatment (OT), and patient tracking (PT). The questionnaires were obtained from orthodontic digital transformation stakeholders, including dentists, digitalization solution providers (i.e., manufacturers), and patients. DRA-NRM analysis results revealed that TC was classified as the focus strategy and considered the most important stage of digital transformation. CE is considered to be the transformation strategy, and OT was a promotional strategy. Finally, PT was a deduction strategy.
Conclusions:
This research adopts the perspective of orthodontics-based digital stakeholder perspective to propose an evaluation framework that can provide strategic and reliable advice on the implementation phase for digital transformation in personalized orthodontic service. The results of this research could help dental develop effective digital strategies to improve doctor-patient relationships and use limited resources effectively to achieve optimal personalized dental medicine.
Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant during China’s largest outbreaks
Authors: Dai Yeyu Freddie , Dai Bingxi Gabriel , Chen Mu
Published: July 2022

A complete and accurate statistical analysis of cases of contraction with SARS-CoV-2, under the conditions of strict mandatory quarantine and isolation and of a high rate of full vaccination, during the largest COVID-19 outbreaks driven by the Omicron BA.2 subvariant in China are given. SARS-CoV-2 is still new, and little is known about either its directions of variations or its laws of reproduction. No country other than China has been able to disclose every case of infection in every epidemic or outbreak since April of 2020. Here, this study reveals that Omicron BA.2 subvariant can still spread very fast and wide in areas with strict “dynamic zero-COVID strategy”1 in China, that there exist cities twenty-fold differences in morbidity rates unrelated to any of the known factors contributing to incidence of infectious diseases, and that Omicron BA.2 subvariant is unpredictable in its virulence, although the rate of severe confirmed cases is low. This study provides first-hand original and valuable information for further research on similar epidemics in the future and raises discussions about the possible correlation related to quantum effects and about the quantum evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant which may finally bring COVID-19 Pandemic to end. It may bring new thoughts for correction of present epidemiological theory and mathematical models. It may also give other countries time to be better prepared for the coming waves driven by Omicron variant.