bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric Discharge Machining of Conducting Ceramics - A Review
Authors: Sachidhananda T. G. , Chandrashekhar V. Adake
Published: January 2021

Electrical Discharge machining (EDM) is a nonconventional machining technique, which has been widely used to produce dies and mold. Harder Materials can be machined into complex shapes as long as they conduct electricity. Recent advances in the technologies brought the development of new engineering materials, which are hard to machine with traditional machining processes. Being one of these materials, ceramics possess some unique properties like piezoelectricity and tribological properties which are not found in metal and polymers. EDM is capable of machining these ceramics, given these materials have an adequately high electrical conductivity. Preparing conducting ceramics is pre-requisite for incorporating ceramics in EDM. Different techniques such as compaction, tape casting, extrusion, injection molding and slip casting are used form green ceramic body. These green bodies are subsequently sintered to obtain ceramic parts. Adding conducting elements in the ceramics while processing results in conducting ceramics. These additions increase hardness but fracture toughness of body is compromised. Ceramic parts can also be machined by using assisting electrode and pyrolytic carbon technique. This paper discusses the various methods of shaping conducting ceramics and its machining characteristics for EDM application
Role of Anharmonicity in Specific Heat of Metals and Insulators at Low Temperatures
Authors: Kumari Priti , Saurav Kumar , Poddar Purushottam , Verma Vijay Kumar
Published: January 2021

In this paper we discuss the role of anharmonicity of lattice waves in electronic specific heat of metals and insulators at very low temperatures. Previous researchers have revealed the anharmonicity of the lattice waves to cause deviation in specific heat from Debye T3law. Different researchers have given different concepts of anharmonicity in electronic specific heat of metals at very low temperatures. The energy spectrum of phonons can not be fully described by the Debye law. On the whole all reports dilute the contention of the electronic contribution to be responsible for linear temperature dependent component of specific heat of metals at very low temperatures. For anharmonicity of lattice waves this contribution must be expected for metals and insulators also.
Comparative analysis of soil-sampling methods used in precision agriculture
Authors: Moreira Ribeiro Gonçalves José Roberto , Araújo e Silva Ferraz Gabriel , Francisco Reynaldo Étore , Bedin Marin Diego , Ferreira Ponciano Ferraz Patrícia , Pérez-Ruiz Manuel , Rossi Giuseppe , Vieri Marco , Sarri Daniele
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to compare three different soil-sampling methods used in Precision Agriculture and their environmental impact in the agricultural production environment. The sampling methods used were: management zones by elevation (MZA), grid sampling (GS), and sampling oriented by apparent soil electrical conductivity (OS). It was tested in three different fields. When the recommendations were compared, a significant difference among the suggested dosages was observed, indicating the need to improve the soil-sampling techniques, since there were doubts about input deficits or overdoses, regardless of the technology studied. The GS method was the most environmentally viable alternative for P compared to other methods and the OS presented as the better option for K and N. However, the use of soil sensors has been shown to be a viable technology that needs further improvement in order to improve productivity and, hence, economic and environmental gains.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
The Equivalence Theorem for Logarithmic Interpolation Spaces in the Quasi-Banach Case
Authors: Besoy Blanca F. , Cobos Fernando
Published: January 2021

We study the description by means of the

J

-functional of logarithmic interpolation spaces

(A_0, A_1)_{1,q,\mathbb{A}}

in the category of the

p

-normed quasi-Banach couples (

0 < p \leq 1

). When

(A_0, A_1)

is a Banach couple, it is known that the description changes depending on the relationship between

q

and

\mathbb{A}

. In our more general setting, the parameter

p

also has an important role as the results show.
Фильтрация ветвления и деформации
Authors: Abrashkin Viktor Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2021

Пусть $\mathscr K$ - поле формальных рядов Лорана с коэффициентами в конечном поле характеристики $p$, $\mathscr G_{<p}$ - максимальный фактор группы Галуа поля $\mathscr K$ периода $p$ и класса нильпотентности $<p$ и $\{\mathscr G_{<p}^{(v)}\}_{v\geqslant 1}$ - фильтрация подгрупп ветвления в верхней нумерации. Пусть $\mathscr G_{<p}=G(\mathscr L)$ - отождествление нильпотентной теории Артина-Шрайера: здесь $G(\mathscr L)$ - группа, полученная из проконечной $\mathbb{F}_p$-алгебры Ли $\mathscr L$ с помощью группового закона Кемпбелла-Хаусдорфа. В работе изложен новый подход к описанию идеалов $\mathscr L^{(v)}$ таких, что $G(\mathscr L^{(v)})=\mathscr G_{<p}^{(v)}$, и построению их явных образующих. Для заданного $v_0\geqslant 1$ строится эпиморфизм алгебр Ли $\overline\eta^{\dagger }\colon \mathscr L\to \overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }$ и действие $\Omega_U$ формальной группы порядка $p$, $\alpha_p=\operatorname{Spec}\mathbb{F}_p[U]$, $U^p=0$, на $\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }$. Пусть $d\Omega_U=B^{\dagger }U$, где $B^{\dagger }\in\operatorname{Diff}\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }$, и $\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }[v_0]$ - идеал в $\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }$, порожденный элементами $B^{\dagger }(\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger })$. Основной результат работы утверждает, что $\mathscr L^{(v_0)}=(\overline\eta^{\dagger })^{-1}\overline{\mathscr L}^{\dagger }[v_0]$. В заключительных параграфах этот результат связывается с явным описанием образующих идеала $\mathscr L^{(v_0)}$, полученным ранее автором, и формулируется его более эффективная версия, позволяющая восстанавливать всю фильтрацию ветвления группы $\mathscr G_{<p}$ по множеству ее скачков.
Библиография: 13 названий.
О компактификации носителя решения с задержкой по времени и об исчезновении решения
Authors: Degtyarev Sergey Petrovich
Published: January 2021

Изучается явление компактификации носителя с задержкой по времени для решения параболического вырождающегося уравнения с двойной нелинейностью в случае медленной диффузии и сильной абсорбции. В терминах локального поведения массы начальных данных для неотрицательного решения получено достаточное условие компактификации носителя начиная с некоторого момента времени. Доказано также тождественное обращение решения в нуль за конечное время.
Библиография: 21 название.
Relationship between headteachers' commitment and learners' academic performance in primary schools in Kericho County, Kenya
Authors: Kimengich Cheruse Joel , Ngeno Viviline , Solomon Kaptingei
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between headteacher’s commitment and learners’ academic performance in primary schools in Kericho County, Kenya. The study was based on the transformational leadership theory. The research design employed was the convergent parallel mixed methods design. The target population consisted of 801 headteachers (524 public schools and 277 private schools) and 5933 teachers in the primary schools, 31 CSOs, 6 TSC Sub County directors and 6 MOE Sub County directors in Kericho County. Simple random and stratified sampling were used to sample 86 head teachers, Purposive sampling was used in selecting 172 teachers, 10 CSOs, 6 TSC Sub County directors and 6 MOE Sub County directors in Kericho County from Kericho County. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview schedules. Data on academic performance was collected using secondary data approach. Piloting was done in 9 primary schools in the neighboring Bomet County. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as pearsons correlation moments and regression. Qualitative data was analyzed using textual analysis. The study established that headteachers’ commitment did not have a statistically significant relationship with learners’ academic performance in primary schools in Kericho County. The regression analysis were as follows. Headteachers' Commitment and learners’ academic performance (Beta = -0.012; p = 0.914).
Evaluation de l’impact de l’utilisation du diammonium phosphate sur la disponibilité du zinc dans un sol rizicole au Mali
Authors: Diallo Adama , Traore Boubacar , Dambe Souleymane , Traore Sanata , Diarra Antoine Padou , Konare Hamidou , Traore Brahima B. , Plea Mama , Erickson Lars
Published: January 2021

L’utilisation des fertilisants chimiques dans l’agriculture s’est fortement accentuée ce dernier temps au Mali. En effet l’apport régulier du diammonium phosphate (DAP) peut influencer la mobilité du zinc, car les phosphates fixent cet élément. L’étude a pour but d’évaluer l’impact de l’utilisation de ce fertilisant phosphaté sur la disponibilité du zinc. Ainsi pour la caractérisation, l’échantillon est analysé par plusieurs méthodes physico-chimiques : la diffraction des rayons X et la microscopie électronique à balayage. Des essais d’absorption ont été réalisés avec cinq pots numérotés (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4) contenant chacun 1 kg d’échantillon auxquels a été ajouté respectivement 0 ; 2 ; 4 ; 8 et 10 g du fertilisant. D’autres essais ont été conduits avec 3 g d’échantillons prélevés dans le pot P4, auxquels ont été appliqué respectivement 150 ppm, 300 ppm, 450 ppm et 600 ppm de zinc. Il ressort de ce travail que la quantité de Zn retenu est proportionnelle à celle du DAP et que la limite (rétention en 21 jours) = 499,9993 ppm > limite (rétention en 15 jours) = 499,9991 ppm > limite (rétention en 7 jours) = 499,9990 ppm > limite (rétention en 1 jour) = 499,9980 ppm. Cette étude a montré que le diammonium phosphate retient le zinc et influence donc sa biodisponibilité.Mots clés : Sol rizicole, Pana au Mali, rétention du zinc, impact de l’utilisation, Diammonium phosphate.

English Title: Estimate the impact of phosphate diammonium usage on the availability of zinc in a rice producing soil in Mali

The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has highly increased this last time in Mali. In fact the regular contribution of DAP can influence the mobility of zinc, because the phosphate fix this element. The object of this study is to estimate the impact of this phosphate fertilizer on the availability of zinc. So for the characterization, the sample is analysed through several physico-chemical methods: the X rays diffraction and the sweeping electronic microscopy. Some absorbing tests have been carried out with five numbered pots (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4) containing each 1 kg of sample to which has been added respectively 0; 2; 4; 8 and 10 g of the fertilizer. Other tests have conducted with 3 g samples removed from the pot P4, to which has been applied respectively 150 ppm, 300 ppm, 450 ppm and 600 ppm of zinc. As a result of the work the quantity of zinc retained is proportional to the one of DAP and the limit (retention in 21 days) = 499.9993 ppm > limit (retention in 15 days) = 499.9991 ppm > limit (retention in 7 days) = 499.9990 ppm > limit (retention in 1 day) = 499.9980 ppm. This study has shown that the phosphate diammonium retains the zinc and influences in this case its bioavailability.Keywords: Rice producing soil, Pana in Mali, zinc retention, the impact of the usage, phosphate diammonium.
Biomembrane Modelling in Planar Chromatographic Determination of Lipophilicity Using Olive and Castor Oils
Authors: Adeyemo M.A. , Adeyeye O. , Okeniyi O. A. , Idowu S. O.
Published: January 2021

BackgroundLipophilicity is a crucial physicochemical parameter that predicts in vivo pharmacokinetics and should be reliably estimated in early stage drug discovery to reduce incidence of attrition. Previous methodologies for its measurement often lead to technically incorrect decisions due to simplistic architecture and poor biomimetic attributes. Significantly, a certain seed oil, used for biomembrane modelling on planar chromatographic platform, was reported to be sufficiently biomimetic and fit for purpose.ObjectivesTo evaluate olive oil (OL) and olive-castor oil (OL-C) equi-mixture as lipids for biomembrane simulation on planar chromatographic platform.Material and MethodRetention behavior of nabumetone, a model compound was used to optimize these potential lipid membranes using a thin film engineered from 5% Liquid paraffin (LP) as benchmark, while halofantrine, nabumetone , α-naphthol and β-naphthol representing varying molecular polarities, were used for validation studies. The validation involved 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) associated with variability in Basic lipophilicity parameter (Rmw), and Specific hydrophobic surface area (SHSA) for the optimized surfaces, relative to LP and octadecylsilane (ODS) Further validation entailed correlation of the lipophilicity descriptor i.e. isocratic chromatographic hydrophobicity index (ICHI) on OL, OL-C, ODS and LP with experimental Log P(octanol/water).ResultsOptimized film thicknesses were produced by 5% OL and 1.25% OL-C (p > 0.05). The 2-way ANOVA revealed great variability in performance characteristics of the surfaces (p < 0.0001), and the new surfaces also gave poorer correlation with Log P values (R2= 0.502 and 0.449 respectively).ConclusionThe 1.25 % OL-C demonstrated a higher biomimetic attribute and warrants further validation studies to ascertain biorelevance, of lipophilicity measurement on this platform, in predicting oral drug absorption.

Keywords: Lipophilicity, Reversed-phase Thin Layer Chromatography, Retention behaviour, Olive oil, Castor oil
Evaluation of Pharmacognostic Characteristics of the Leaf of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. Compositae
Authors: Alade G. O. , Frank A. , Uwakwe G. S. , Awotona O. O. , Ajibesin K. K.
Published: January 2021

Background: It is a well-known fact that therapeutic efficacy and safety of medicinal plants depend on the quality and quantity of chemical constituents and that the misuse of medicinal plants starts with wrong identification.Objectives: The aim of this study is to establish some pharmacognostic standards for Ageratum houstonianum Mill (Compositae) which has high medicinal values, with a view to determining the proper identification and other quality control parameters of the plant.Method: The fresh leaf and powdered leaves were subjected to macroscopy and microscopy using standard procedures. In addition, some physicochemical evaluations such as moisture content, ash and soluble extractives were carried out on the powdered leaves.Results: The result shows that the leaf is simple, pinnate, diamond shaped, serrated margin, acute apex and asymetrical base. Microscopically, the leaf is amphistomatic in nature with anomocytic and anisocytic stomata at the adaxial and anomocytic and diacytic at the abaxial surface. Non-glandular uniseriate trichomes are present on both surfaces. The transverse section across the midrib shows epidermis, collenchyma, palisade cells and a few rolls of phloem around the xylem vessels. The stomata numbers and stomata indices for the upper and lower surface, respectively are1.4 and 10.2 and 2.9 and 15.6. Moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, water soluble and alcohol soluble extractives yields 10.3%, 15.2%, 0.8%, 20.2%, 14.4% and 5.1%, respectively.Conclusion: The findings in this study are useful for establishing standards suitable for official monographs on Ageratum houstonianum proper identification and quality control.

Keywords: Pharmacognostic standards, Ageratum houstonianum, Quality control
Influence of Pregelatinized Breadfruit Starch-Alginate Blend as a Sustained Release Polymer in Theophylline Microbeads Using Box Behnken Design
Authors: Okunlola A. , Oloye S. T.
Published: January 2021

Background: Apart from the coating property of modified starches on drugs, these natural polymers also acts as release rate retardants.Objectives: To evaluate the potential of pregelatinized breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) starch as a carrier in microbead formulations of theophylline using different blend combinations with sodium alginate and to determine the optimized formulation using Box-Behnken design.Method: Theophylline microbeads were prepared using the ionic gelation method. The 3 factor-3 level Box-Behnken design was employed for constructing polynomial models to optimize the microbeads, involving 3 independent variables (polymer type, X1, polymer: drug ratio, X2, and concentration of calcium chloride, X3) and 2 dependent variable (entrapment efficiency and quantity of drug released in 12 h, Q12).Results: Entrapment efficiency was 35 - 71 % while the values of Q12 was 38 - 88 %. The three variables, X1, X2 and X3, were positive for entrapment efficiency but negative for Q12, implying that increase from low to medium and then to high level resulted in an increase in entrapment but a decrease in Q12 (sustained release), both desirable effects. Factor X1 had the most significant influence on entrapment efficiency and Q12 (p = 0.002; p = 0.0001, respectively). The optimized formulation with starch:polymer 2:1, polymer:drug 3:1 and 7.5%w/v calcium chloride solution gave an entrapment efficiency 65% with Q12 of 38.75%.Conclusion: Pregelatinized breadfruit starch enhanced entrapment efficiency while retarding drug release, showing its potential as a polymer for sustained release in microbead formulations.

Keywords: Box-Behnken design; Breadfruit starch; Ionic gelation, Microbeads, Pregelatinization
Chrysophyllum Albidum Accelerates Delayed Gastric Ulcer Healing in Rats Through Oxidative Stress Reversal and Proton Pump Inhibition
Authors: Salami A.T. , Famurewa A. D. , Omayone T. P , Iyiola T. F. , Olaleye S. B.
Published: January 2021

Background: Chrysophyllum albidum has been documented to exert its gastric ulcer (GU) healing activities by modulating blood inflammatory mediators, however, other probable in-vivo underlying mechanisms are still vague which this study sought to investigate.Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (120-130g) divided into 9 groups (n=15 for groups I-VII; n=5 for groups VIII & IX) viz: Groups I- positive control (DUnA); II and III–250 and 500mg/kg methanolic extract of C. albidum (MeCaB) bark respectively; IV, V and VI-100mg/kg fractions A, B and C respectively; VII–30mg/kg omeprazole; VIII-ulcerated untreated (baseline), IX-negative control. Chronic GU was induced experimentally and delayed using indomethacin with 14 days simultaneous drug treatment. Gastric ulcer score, mucin content, antioxidant and proton pump activities were evaluated by days 3, 7 and 14 of treatment. Data were expressed as Mean+SEM and P<0.05 was significant.Results: C. albidum and fractions treated groups significantly decreased gastric ulcer scores and lipid peroxidation compared with DUnA. Negative control, C. albidum and fraction treated groups significantly increased superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione levels and mucin content compared with DUnA group by days 3 and 7. C. albidum, Negative and baseline control groups significantly decreased H+K+ATPase activities compared with DUnA by day14.Conclusion: C. albidum and its fractions facilitated the healing of gastric ulcer, probably by enhanced antioxidant levels, mucin content and decreased gastric H+K+ATPase activity.

Keywords: C. albidum and chromatographic fractions, gastric ulcer healing, mucin , antioxidant, H+/K+ATPase pump.
Nitrogen balance response to varying levels of dietary protein in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs
Authors: Hlatini V.A. , Ncobela C.N. , Chimonyo M.
Published: January 2021

Protein requirements for slow-growing pigs have not been defined. The study was designed to determine the relationship between the level of dietary protein and nitrogen balance in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs. Thirty Windsnyer pigs with an initial bodyweight of 34.7 (SD = 0.85) kg were randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 193, 174, 154, 135, 117, and 97 g/kg of crude protein (CP). Pigs were penned individually. There were five pigs in each diet. The faecal nitrogen output (NFO) showed a decreasing quadratic relationship with protein level. A linear relationship between protein level and urinary nitrogen excretion was observed (P =0.0001). The total nitrogen excreted showed a significant quadratic relationship to decreasing levels of CP in the diets (P =0.0001). The apparent digestibility of nitrogen had a linear relationship with dietary CP level (P =0.0005). A quadratic relationship between dietary protein level and N utilization was observed (P =0.0001). The optimum protein level for total nitrogen excreted, nitrogen utilization and biological value of feed protein were attained at 135 g/kg protein level. The efficiency of nitrogen utilization supports the low protein diet. The present results suggest reducing the dietary protein level for Windsnyer pigs to decrease amount of excreted N that is deposited into the environment.Protein requirements for slow-growing pigs have not been defined. The study was designed to determine the relationship between the level of dietary protein and nitrogen balance in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs. Thirty Windsnyer pigs with an initial bodyweight of 34.7 (SD = 0.85) kg were randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 193, 174, 154, 135, 117, and 97 g/kg of crude protein (CP). Pigs were penned individually. There were five pigs in each diet. The faecal nitrogen output (NFO) showed a decreasing quadratic relationship with protein level. A linear relationship between protein level and urinary nitrogen excretion was observed (P =0.0001). The total nitrogen excreted showed a significant quadratic relationship to decreasing levels of CP in the diets (P =0.0001). The apparent digestibility of nitrogen had a linear relationship with dietary CP level (P =0.0005). A quadratic relationship between dietary protein level and N utilization was served (P =0.0001). The optimum protein level for total nitrogen excreted, nitrogen utilization and biological value of feed protein were attained at 135 g/kg protein level. The efficiency of nitrogen utilization supports the low protein diet. The present results suggest reducing the dietary protein level for Windsnyer pigs to decrease amount of excreted N that is deposited into the ironment.

Keywords: apparent nitrogen digestibility, ideal protein level, nitrogen retention, excreted nitrogen, nitrogen utilization
Effects of vitamin E, an oil blend and L-Arginine on breast meat from broiler chickens
Authors: Khatun J. , Loh T. C. , Foo H. L. , Akit H. , Mohamad R. , Shazali N.
Published: January 2021

The study examined the effects of supplementing vitamin E on the fatty acid profile and breast meat quality of broilers fed diets containing an oil blend and L-Arginine. Two hundred sixteen Cobb 500 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to six treatments, namely T1: 6% palm oil (control); T2: blend of 4% palm oil and 2% sunflower oil + 0.25% L-Arginine (positive control); T3: T2 with 20 mg/kg vitamin E added; T4: T2 with 50 mg/kg vitamin E added; T5: T2 with 100 mg/kg vitamin E added; and T6: T2 supplemented with 150 mg/kg vitamin E. Relative to T1, the other diets increased growth rate and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) similarly. Linoleic, arachidonic, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were greater and palmitic and saturated fatty acids were lower in the meat of birds fed T2–T6 relative to T1. Supplementation of vitamin E reduced drip loss (DL) and increased redness, tenderness, free thiol content, and the oxidative stability of meat during storage at 4 °C. Regardless of diet, free thiol, redness and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) value decreased significantly, whereas the carbonyl content, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and DL of breast meat increased over the ageing period. In conclusion, relative to T1, the other diets were effective in improving growth performance and meat quality during post-mortem storage

Key words: fatty acid profile, free thiol, lipid oxidation, palm oil, protein oxidation, sunflower oil
Evaluation of serum analytes in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows as indicators of pregnancy
Authors: Abbas S. , Yousaf M.S. , Ahmad I. , Rehman H. , Mahmood A.K. , Ashraf S. , Blouch R.S. , Shahzad A.H. , Nak Y. , Nak D.
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted to reveal the dynamics of haematological indicators in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows. Sixty multiparous healthy dairy cows were divided into four groups based on the length of time they had been pregnant, namely first, second and third trimesters, and non-pregnant (n=15 each). Blood was collected from each animal, and serum was harvested and stored at -20 °C for biochemical profiling. Concentrations of serum total oxidants (TOC), ceruloplasmin oxidase (CpO) and triiodothyronine (T3) were higher (P <0.05) during the third trimester compared with non-pregnant cows. Serum arylesterase (Ary) concentration was lower (P <0.05) during the second and the third trimesters compared with the non-pregnant cows. The concentration of serum total homocysteine (tHcy) was higher (P <0.05) the third trimester compared with the first and the second trimesters. The concentrations of serum total antioxidants (TAC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), thyroxine (T4), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not different in the pregnant and the non-pregnant cows. Thus, TOC, Ary, CpO, tHcy and T3 could be taken as biological markers to assess the progression of pregnancy and to develop management tools to improve health status during late gestation in dairy cows

Keywords: ceruloplasmin, hepatic enzymes, late gestation, triiodothyronine
Evaluation of a new portable device that measures diameter of animal fibres
Authors: Quispe E.C. , Sacchero D. , Wuliji T. , Quispe M.D.
Published: January 2021

Increasing production of animal fibres has increased the need for a portable instrument that measures fibre diameter and associated characteristics with precision and accuracy. This research evaluated a new portable fibre tester (PFT) by measuring the diameter and related characteristics of tops and scoured fibres of wool, alpaca, and vicuña. The PFT was constructed with integrated mechanical, optical, electronic, and informatic components. Textile tops of sheep wool, alpaca fibres, and mohair goat fibres were used as standard references to calibrate the PFT and determine its accuracy and precision. The results were compared with those from a wool industry standard instrument (OFDA2000) that uses similar technology. The PFT had high accuracy (-0.01, -0.12, and -0.01 μm) for average fibre diameter (AFD) of wool, alpaca, and mohair fibres, respectively. Deviations of standard tops (ST) were within industry-accepted tolerance ranges. Standard errors, indicating precision, were low, ranging from 0.07 to 0.25 μm, 0.02 to 0.44 μm, and 0.09 to 0.024 μm, for wool, alpaca, and mohair fibre tops, respectively. The correlations of measurements of AFD from the two instruments were 0.99 for wool, alpaca, and mohair fibres, but lower for vicuña fibres (0.82). No evidence of bias was observed. Therefore, the PFT may be used as an alternative instrument for measuring fibre diameter and quantifying variation in diameter of wool, mohair, and alpaca fibres. The PFT has appeal for use in the field for practical animal selection and fleece classification based on fibre characteristics.

Keywords: alpaca, fibre diameter, mohair, vicuña, wool
Aegean Enigma: The Rise and Fall of Vineyards during Antiquity
Authors: Komar Paulina
Published: January 2021

This paper argues that the rise and fall of north and central Aegean wine exportations was caused by economic factors, such as changes in wine supply. It demonstrates that these wines disappeared from southern Gaul and central Tyrrhenian Italy when these areas started to locally produce their own wine. At the same time, north and central Aegean wines were also ousted from the Black Sea region by both local products and cheaper imports from the southern Aegean. This shows that supply and demand governed commercial activities during the Classical and Hellenistic periods, which provides new evidence regarding the nature of the ancient Greek economy.
Coopetition as a New Form of Managing the Tourist Offer on the Polish-German Border
Authors: Bąk Iwona , Cheba Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

The main purpose of this article is the presentation of the relationships of coopetition among the internal stakeholders of a cluster that could contribute to the development of tourism in its area of operation. This analysis is based on the case study of the Historical Tourism Cluster, which operates on the Polish-German border. This article is theoretical and conceptual in nature. In it, the following research methods have been used: a critical analysis of the literature, logical inference, and observation. Currently, clusters are considered to be among the organizations with promising perspectives for development. The EU has decided to support transnational clusters in its latest strategy (after 2020). In this case, the specialization of the cluster (historical tourism) could be an obstacle. However, this article indicates how the cluster described here could make use of the existing development opportunities.
Motivation in Cultural Tourism: The Case of the Traditional and Regional Food Products of West Pomerania
Authors: Matlegiewicz Malgorzata
Published: January 2021

In this article, I analyze the factors influencing the motivation of tourists for purchasing regional and traditional products, which are a significant element of the tourist culture of a given region. According to a poll, tourists visiting West Pomerania are interested in such products, although their knowledge of local specialties is limited. The market is characterized by an increasing demand for local products related to local traditions and culture.
Kształcenie menedżerów kultury na przykładzie studiów podyplomowych zarządzanie kulturą
Authors: Gaweł Łukasz , Konior Agnieszka , Pokojska Weronika
Published: January 2021

The Education of Culture Managers: The Example of the Postgraduate Program in Cultural Management at the Jagiellonian University The aim of this article is the presentation of the results of an evaluation of the postgraduate program in Cultural Management at the Jagiellonian University in 2010–2019. The introductory part of the text presents the circumstances of the emergence of the program and its later development. The evaluation itself is based on three elements: an analysis of the students’ profile, an alumni career survey, and an analysis of the environment. The collected data have been supplemented with information obtained from interviews with students.
Öğrenen Sergi: do it
Authors: TOPRAK Cemil
Published: January 2021

Küratör Hans Ulrich Obrist’in, Christian Boltanski ve Bertrand Lavier ile tasarladığı do it, 1993’ten itibaren yıllar içerisinde kapsamını genişleterek günümüzde de devam eden, açık uçlu bir sergi modelidir. Dünyanın birçok farklı bölgesinde gerçekleştirilen sergiler, bir kitapçıkta toplanan sanatçı talimatlarının uygulanmasıyla ortaya çıkar. Sergileme pratiklerinin sınırlarını sorgulayıp, sanatın dolaşım yollarına dair alternatiflerin neler olabileceği sorusundan yola çıkarak tasarlanan do it sergileri, sanatçılar ile talimatları uygulayan sanatçı veya izleyiciler arasındaki etkileşime odaklanır. Küreselleşme çağının homojenleştirici etkilerinin karşısında, farklılıkların altını çizme hedefinde olan do it, alışılmış sergileme yöntemlerinin aksine, bir bilgiyi dayatmak yerine öğrenerek büyüyen bir yapıya sahip olduğu iddiasındadır. Duchamp ile başlayıp, 1960-70’li yılların akım ve oluşumları tarafından çokça uygulanan ‘talimat’ fikrinden yola çıkan proje, günümüz dünyasının Neo-Avangart ruhuna atıfta bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada açık sergi modeli olarak geleneksel sergileme yöntemlerine özgün bir alternatif sunan do it yapısının irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda do it sergilerinin çıkış noktası üzerinde durulmuştur. Sergilerin dönüşerek büyüyen yapısının arkasındaki motivasyon ifade edilmiştir. Projeyi oluşturan ana fikrin sanat tarihsel bağlamına değinilerek do it’in öncüllerinden ayrıldığı noktalar belirlenmiştir.
Informes anuales, derechos sociales y Ombudsmen: Portugal, Colombia y El Salvador
Authors: Donayre Pinedo Miguel
Published: January 2021

Los informes anuales (IA) son una de las fuentes que mejor revelan las responsabilidades cotidianas de los ombudsmen en su supervisión de los derechos sociales. Además, la importancia de los IA es todavía más relevante cuando los ombudsmen actúan asimismo como Instituciones Nacionales de Derechos Humanos (INDH). Con el propósito de dimensionar el trabajo cotidiano de supervisión de los derechos sociales por los ombudsmen/INDH, en el ejercicio de su responsabilidad de supervisión a la Administración teniendo en cuenta diferentes contextos, se ha llevado a cabo un ejercicio experiencia comparada de los IA de los ombudsmen/INDH de Portugal, Colombia y El Salvador. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha analizado, cómo significan estos derechos en los tres países, y en un segundo momento, cómo es la labor de vigilancia de estos derechos en cada uno de ellos. Por último, también se ha analizado en qué medida las instituciones de Portugal, Colombia y El Salvador han desarrollado instrumentos para el adecuado seguimiento de la implementación de los derechos sociales, así como hasta qué punto cuentan con los mecanismos apropiados para apuntalar su concreción en el marco de su mandato de supervisión de los poderes públicos.
Cooperación de las INDH con los órganos de los tratados internacionales de derechos humanos
Authors: Ushakova Tatsiana
Published: January 2021

El presente estudio se enmarca en la problemática relativa a la actuación de las instituciones nacionales de promoción y protección de los derechos humanos (INDH) ante los órganos y organismos internacionales. El análisis se centra en la implicación de las INDH en el trabajo de los órganos creados en virtud de los tratados internacionales de derechos humanos de las Naciones Unidas.En primer lugar, se aborda el concepto de las INDH en el Derecho internacional, teniendo en cuenta la denominación y tipología variadas de estos actores en función de su estatus establecido en el Derecho nacional. A continuación, se hace referencia al fundamento jurídico general de la participación de las INDH en el trabajo de las organizaciones internacionales.El segundo lugar, se hace incursión en el Sistema Internacional Universal de Derechos Humanos. Al respecto, se resaltan las particularidades de la competencia de los órganos creados en virtud de tratados de derechos humanos.Finalmente, se precisa el marco jurídico de cooperación de las INDH con estos órganos y se subrayan los avances en los últimos tratados de derechos humanos, consistentes en dotar de una mayor participación a las instituciones nacionales para acompañar la labor de los comités en el marco de los mecanismos de control y supervisión.
El alcance de la responsabilidad solidaria prevista en el artículo 42 ET
Authors: Nores Torres Luis Enrique
Published: January 2021

El artículo 42 ET impone sobre el empresario que contrata o subcontrata con otros la realización de obras o servicios pertenecientes a su propia actividad una responsabilidad solidaria sobre ciertas obligaciones contraídas por el contratista y el subcontratista con sus trabajadores, siempre que hayan nacido durante la vigencia de la contrata. En principio, el significado de la previsión normativa se presenta como relativamente sencillo; no obstante, su aplicación práctica suscita diferentes dudas interpretativas. Pues bien, el objeto de este trabajo se dirige a perfilar el contorno y contenido de la responsabilidad solidaria recogida en el art. 42 ET, lo que exige delimitar con claridad su ámbito de aplicación objetivo, subjetivo y temporal.
Niños jornaleros migrantes en México. Problema grave de derechos humanos
Authors: Suárez Escobar Marcela , Durand Alcántara Carlos Humberto
Published: January 2021

Al igual que en las últimas décadas la vorágine neoliberal que corroe al planeta de amplias remociones poblacionales, en México, la migración interna se ha incrementado de manera significativa debido al crecimiento de la pobreza. Cientos de personas migran cada año desde sus lugares de origen a los grandes campos agrícolas de producción para la exportación.El trabajo analizará aspectos principales a cerca de la situación que prevalece con las niñas, niños y adolescentes que participan con sus padres en la migración y en las labores del campo. Y en donde conceptualmente concebimos el fenómeno como expulsión de la población rural.
Introducción. Espacio público: sexualidad, cuerpo y Género. Prácticas, representaciones y discursos
Authors: Hernández Sancén José Octavio , Recalde Burgueño Laura
Published: January 2021

El monográfico que aquí presentamos tiene como punto de partida la aventura de crear una propuesta de trabajo juntxs, cada unx desde su formación y experiencia y a partir de nuestro encuentro en la Ciudad de México (2018) durante el IV Congreso Internacional sobre Estudios de Diversidad Sexual en Iberoamérica (CIEDSI). En aquel entonces nació la inquietud de materializar la idea en un número especial en la Revista del Laboratorio Iberoamericano para el Estudio Sociohistórico de las Sexualidades (RELIES) dedicado al estudio del espacio público y la sexualidad desde diversas aristas y enfoques.
Hacerse presente. Personas con discapacidad, feminismos y acción política
Authors: Castelli Rodríguez Luisina
Published: January 2021

En este artículo propongo un encuentro dialógico entre perspectivas del movimiento feminista y del colectivo de personas con discapacidad. El texto esboza dos movimientos analíticos: en primer lugar, coloca las premisas “lo personal es político” y “poner el cuerpo” en relación a la acción política en el espacio público del colectivo de personas con discapacidad; y segundo, aborda la consigna “nada sobre nosotros son nosotros” con relación a los espacios y formas de acción del movimiento feminista. Dos situaciones etnográficas vividas por la autora en el transcurso de su trabajo de campo en las ciudades de Montevideo y Buenos Aires, son tomadas como material para el desarrollo del artículo.
Que otros sean lo normal - tensiones entre el movimiento LGTB y el activismo queer/ Leandro Colling
Authors: Cantero Sánchez Mayte
Published: January 2021

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Politizaciones fronterizas: el “lugar” de las identidades sexuales disidentes en los espacios de la ciudad
Authors: Recalde Burgueño Laura
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación que buscó indagar sobre las formas de politización de las identidades sexuales y de género disidentes en ciudades del interior en los países de Uruguay y Argentina. Este texto recoge algunos de los hallazgos obtenidos y tiene como objetivo analizar cómo son politizadas las identidades disidentes por parte de lxs sujetxs en distintos lugares de la ciudad de Rivera (Uruguay). Partimos de preguntarnos cómo, en un contexto de garantías legales para esta población como es el caso de Uruguay, lxs sujetxs organizan su experiencia identitaria, qué fronteras espaciales y simbólicas podemos encontrar y cómo repercuten éstas en las trayectorias de las personas en su vida cotidiana y en particular en el goce de sus derechos.

La metodología utilizada, de índole cualitativa, articula la realización de entrevistas en profundidad y la observación participante, con una perspectiva etnográfica. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran cómo las formas de politizar las identidades por parte de lxs sujetxs no son homogéneas sino oscilantes, fronterizas. Se observa además cómo en los lugares de la ciudad se reproducen imaginarios sociosexuales excluyentes y desiguales basados en un orden cisexista y heterosexual que limita el ejercicio de los derechos humanos.
“Come and See for Yourself”: Exploration of Mindfulness Practice by First-Year College Students
Authors: Zell Maristela , Pedigo Timothy , Cooney Matthew
Published: January 2021

This grounded theory study aims at explaining how college freshmen develop and stay engaged with a regular mindfulness practice, and the benefits they experience. The authors investigated an intentional effort to integrate mindfulness practices in the curriculum of a First-Year Seminar and English Composition course. The results presented here support existing findings concerning the integration of mindfulness practice in higher education settings. This study also advances unique findings relative to utilizing classroom settings to introduce first-year students to the practice, as a long as the course follows a regular structure (i.e., attendance, homework assignments). The substantive theory presented describes how students developed a practice routine and made the practice relevant for their academic and personal lives. Recommendations for practice and future research are included.
Evaluasi Spektrum Gelombang USG Doppler dan Kaitannya dengan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dan Faktor-Faktor Risiko pada pasien Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Authors: Darwis Patrianef , Kler Faisal Ali Ahmad , Karina Karina , Telaumbanua Rizky Saputra
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang. Salah satu komplikasi dari Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) adalah kerusakan tungkai bawah hingga tidak dapat digunakan untuk beraktifitas. Skrining dan penegakan diagnosis lebih awal diharapkan memberikan outcome yang lebih baik.

Metode. Penelitian studi potong lintang pada pasien PAD di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo dari Juli 2013-Desember 2014. Terdapat 119 pasien yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran distribusi frekuensi masing-masing variabel bebas dan analisis bivariat untuk menilai hubungan antara variabel terikat. Uji Mann Whitney dilakukan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara spektrum gelombang DUS dan ABI pada pasien PAD.

Hasil. Didapatkan pasien PAD dengan nilai ABI rata-rata 0,7 dengan gambaran gelombang DUS yang berubah dari trifasik menjadi non-trifasik dominan pada arteri infrapopliteal. ABI di bawah 0.9 menunjukkan perubahan pada gelombang DUS dari arteri femoralis hingga a.dorsalis pedis dengan nilai p <0.05. Faktor risiko yang signifikan pada PAD adalah usia di atas 45 tahun. Terdapat hubungan signifikan dengan p<0,05 pada hubungan antara gelombang DUS, ABI dan beberapa faktor risiko PAD.

Kesimpulan. Derajat keparahan PAD dapat ditentukan melalui nilai ABI dan DUS. Letak oklusi pada segmen arteri dapat diketahui dengan gelombang DUS. Penilaian ABI dan DUS memiliki hubungan positif terhadap faktor risiko PAD.
Educación en Reumatología
Authors: by PANLAR Global Rheumatology
Published: January 2021

Para convertirse en un reumatólogo, un médico debe completar un periodo de formación prolongado que se encuentra formalmente definido en la mayoría de nuestros países, esta fase es conocida como residencia médica (de 3 a 5 años), fellowship o especialización médico quirúrgica, lo que también refleja, en cierta medida, las variadas realidades formativas de los diferentes países. Por ejemplo, la exigencia de una primera especialidad como medicina interna o pediatría, o qué tipo de acreditación puede requerir el reumatólogo al final de su formación frente a una sociedad científica, por citar un escenario.
Cognitive Conflict Strategy Assisted by PhET Simulation to Remediate Student's Misconceptions on Wave Material
Authors: Hasanah Diajeng Iffatul , Wasis Wasis
Published: January 2021

In this era, a misconception is one of the biggest challenges in education. Misconception is an understanding of a concept but incompatible with a scientific concept. This research aimed to describe the profile of students' misconceptions and to analyze the decrease of student misconceptions using a cognitive conflict strategy assisted by PhET Simulation. The kind of research is the pre-experimental category with the design of One Group Pre-Test and Post-Test. The sample of this research is a student of XII IPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Bangkalan. The results of the pre-test showed that the average percentage of students who experience misconception is 53.53%. Based on the pre-test analysis, it was found 20 forms of conceptions that students had regarding the traveling wave material. After being given treatment using a cognitive conflict strategy assisted by PhET simulation, the post-test results of students who experienced misconceptions became 7.65%. There is a decrease in the average percentage of students who experience misconceptions in the pre-test and post-test results. It shows that the cognitive conflict strategy assigned by PhET simulation is effective in remediating the misconceptions of students on wave material.
Eksistensi Model Kurikulum Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Fauzi Fahmi  , Rahmi Wardah Ningsih
Published: January 2021

Curriculum of Early Childhood Education is a set of plans about early childhood learning goals ranging from 0 to 6 years old which intend to develop children's potential optimally. Poor of teacher attention and unfortunate infrastructure lead to unappropriate children’s potential development. The objectives of this study are to: 1) describe the form of a curriculum development model for early childhood education, and 2) describe the implementation of the curriculum model for early childhood education. This research uses a literature study method that relies on bibliographical sources from books and articles in scientific journals related to the subject matter. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the curriculum development model for early childhood education can be changed by adding, reducing and improving the curriculum regularly, 2) curriculum models for early childhood education include: a) High / Scope curriculum, b) Creative curriculum, and c) The Vygotsky Curriculum. d) The Waldorf Curriculum.
Physiological Comparison of Some Serum Biochemistry between Lactating and Non-Lactating Dairy Cows in Selected Dairy Farms of Dhaka District of Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Preclinical Courses, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gono University, Savar, Dhaka, Hasan Sajibul
Published: January 2021

The present study was carried out to investigate the physiological comparison of some serum biochemistry between lactating and non-lactating dairy cows in selected dairy farms of Dhaka district of Bangladesh. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the serum parameters like glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus concentration and these parameters were measured by the serum analyzer for lactating (n=50) and non-lactating (n=50) dairy cattle which were selected from various selected dairy farms of Dhaka district. The results (mean ± standard deviation) of the study showed that among the serum biochemical parameters total protein (84.2±1.18 gm/l) and total cholesterol (156.36± 3.41 mg/dl) level in non-lactating cows were higher than the value of lactating cows as (80.14±2.31 gm/l) and (138.21± 1.21 mg/dl). On the other hand, serum glucose, calcium and phosphorus level in lactating cows (68.12± 2.34 mg/dl), (12.06±3.21 mg/dl) and (8.30±0.20 mg/dl) respectively were found higher than the non-lactating cows (60.32 ±1.42 mg/dl), (10.48±5.60 mg/dl) and (6.31 ±0.12 mg/dl). In case of parity-wise biochemical parameters were insignificant variation was found. It may be concluded that biochemical parameters variation present between lactating cow and non-lactating cow is important for interpretation of laboratory data and also for physiological diagnosis.