bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN ORTAK DIŞ VE GÜVENLİK POLİTİKALARININ OLANAK VE SINIRLILIKLARI
Authors: Yariş Zelal Başak
Published: May 2024

Avrupa Birliği ciddi istikrasızlık yaratma potansiyeli taşıyan, karmaşık ve uzun süreli bölgesel sorunlarla karşı karşıyadır. Avrupa Birliği’nin geniş komşu bölgelerinde yaşanan yoğun istikrarsızlık ve egemen ulus-devletlerin bu bölgelerde iç çatışmalarla parçalanma süreci içerisine girmesi, AB için karmaşık ve zorlayıcı bölgesel bir düzeyin oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum, AB’nin yakın komşuluğuna yönelik tutarlı, uyumlu, bütünleşmiş bir dış politika sürdürme ihtiyacını daha da artırmıştır. Mevcut çalışma AB’nin Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı ve Suriye krizine yönelik tepkisini bir çıkış noktası alarak, AB’nin çatışmalı ve karmaşık bir uluslararası ve bölgesel bağlamda etkin bir dış, güvenlik ve savunma politikası benimsemesi ve yürütmesi önündeki temel zorlukları ve fırsatları tartışmaktadır. Çalışma “değişen uluslararası ve bölgesel bağlam AB’nin çatışmaları ve krizleri çözmedeki etkinliğini nasıl etkilemektedir?” araştırma sorusuna yanıt bulmayı amaçlamaktadır.
TÜRKİYE’DE FARKLI BOYUTLARIYLA İŞSİZLİK HİSTERİSİNİN GELENEKSEL VE FOURIER TESTLERLE ANALİZİ
Authors: Karataş Ali Rauf
Published: May 2024

Büyük Buhran sonrası küresel ölçekte tecrübe edilen yüksek işsizlik oranları, işsizlik olgusunu makroekonominin önemli sorunlarından biri haline getirmiştir. 1970’li yıllardaki petrol şokları sonrasında ise ekonomideki geçici şokların işsizlik oranları üzerinde kalıcı etkilere sebep olabileceği fikri, işsizlik histerisi hipotezini doğurmuş ve söz konusu hipotez klasik makro iktisadi öngörüye bir alternatif olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2014:1-2023:8 dönemi aylık verilerini kullanarak, Türkiye’de işsizlik histerisi hipotezini; işsizlik oranı, zamana bağlı eksik istihdam ve işsizlerin bütünleşik oranı, işsiz ve potansiyel işgücünün bütünleşik oranı ve atıl işgücü oranı olmak üzere dört farklı boyutuyla Genişletilmiş Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Fourier Genişletilmiş Dickey-Fuller (FADF) ve Kesirli Frekanslı FADF birim kök testleri ile sınamıştır. Geleneksel ve yapısal kırılmaları dikkate alan birim kök testleri sonuçlarına göre işsizlik histerisi hipotezini destekleyen güçlü kanıtlara ulaşılmıştır. Buna göre Türkiye’de işsizlik oranlarındaki sapmalar kalıcı hale gelmekte ve bu sebeple işsizlik, ülke ekonomisi için halen önemli bir yapısal sorun olarak gözükmektedir.
旅遊返國後發生的沙門氏菌血症併發肺部病灶表徵
Authors: 陳志強 陳志強
Published: May 2024

隨著新冠疫情的穩定，國際旅遊又見復甦，民眾會有機會接觸到一些國內較少見的感染源。醫師在面對旅遊返國的民眾，應仔細詢問病人旅遊史及接觸史，須考慮一些國內較少見的診斷。沙門氏菌屬於腸道傳染病，在自來水不普及與環境衛生較差的地區，特別容易引發疾病。其感染一般以腸胃道症狀為主，本案例則是較少見的沒有腸胃道症狀而直接出現肺膿瘍。但本案例中無法求證得知是源自國外或回國後感染。

 

With the growing popularity of international tourism, people have more opportunities to contact with some less common local sources of infection abroad. When facing people returning home from traveling abroad, doctors should carefully inquire about the patients’ travel and contact history and stay vigilant to take diagnoses uncommon in their home countries into consideration. Salmonella is a common intestinal infectious disease, especially in regions where tap water is not widely available and environmental sanitation is substandard. Patients infected mainly manifest gastrointestinal symptoms. We report herein a less common case: Salmonella lung abscess. We are, however, unable to confirm whether the patient was infected while traveling abroad or after returning home.

 
Carcinoma espinocelular subtipo misto Warty Basaloide diagnosticado em ambulatório de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em Ribeirão Preto: um relato de caso
Authors: Pin Paula Altieri , Clemente Eloísa Yara Araújo , Bianco Fernanda Bueno Peixe Del , Silveira Geovanna Botelho , Teixeira Laura de Oliveira , Caldana Nárima , Miguel Licério
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Diversas patologias do trato genital têm sido relacionadas com infecção prévia pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV). À exemplo, tem-se a neoplasia vulvar de células escamosas, que apresenta subtipos como Basaloide e Warty. Esses subtipos são menos comuns de serem encontrados e normalmente ocorrem em mulheres jovens. O subtipo Warty tem comportamento mais bem diferenciado, no entanto há maior risco de metástase local. Objetivo: Descrever caso raro de carcinoma espinocelular de subtipo misto Warty Basaloide em um ambulatório de infecções sexualmente trasmissíveis (IST) de um Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de caso de paciente atendida em ambulatório de IST. As informações mencionadas foram obtidas por meio de consultas com a paciente, revisão do prontuário e artigos sobre o tema. Resultados: V. L. O., 53 anos, G6PN4PC2A0, comparece em 11 de 2021 para primeira consulta, apresentando lesão ulcerada de 3 cm à direita, hiperemiada, bordas endurecidas, contornos irregulares, dolorosa ao toque, associada à lesão hipercrômica à esquerda, em espelho, medindo 4 cm, e lesões verrucosas. Negava melhora anterior com tratamento clínico. Foi realizada exérese das lesões. Em 12 de 2021, paciente retorna para checar resultado anatomopatológico, que constava, à direita, carcinoma espinocelular invasivo, possuindo 2,2 mm de espessura, pele adjacente com alterações compatíveis com NIV grau 3, ou displasia intensa (carcinoma in situ), tipo Warty Basaloide, com inflamação crônica inespecífica e margens cirúrgicas livres. À esquerda, presença de lesão intraepitelial indiferenciada graus 2 e 3, ou displasia moderada superficial focal associada, com presença de lesão em uma das margens laterais da ressecção da peça e ausência de neoplasia infiltrativa. Paciente foi encaminhada para serviço de oncoginecologia. Conclusão: O caso relatado traz à discussão uma patologia complexa e rara, associada ao HPV. Embora esse subtipo tenha maior risco metastático, quando diagnosticado precocemente e tratado de forma individualizada, tem melhor prognóstico.
As vulnerabilidades da população transgênero frente às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Sergio , Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Loyola Adriano Mota
Published: May 2024

Introdução: No Brasil, a população transgênero enfrenta situações de violência e vulnerabilidade frente ao HIV/AIDS/IST. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil da população transgênero de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, e seus antecedentes de violência e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado no ambulatório trans de Uberlândia entre 2019 e 2022 com aplicação de questionário semiestruturado. As análises das frequências foram realizadas no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 13.0. Resultados: Participaram 144 pessoas, sendo 65,4% homens transexuais, 20,1% mulheres transexuais, 5,6% travestis, 3,5% não binários e 5,6% não informado. Declararam-se trabalhadoras(es) do sexo 11,8%. Houve maior concentração na faixa etária 18-29 anos (67,4%), com ensino superior incompleto (32,6%), de raça/cor branca (51,4%), seguido por pretos e pardos (41%), renda mensal de um a dois salários mínimos (48,6%). Grande parte (74,3%) faz uso de hormônios, e destes, 59,8% sem acompanhamento médico, 80,6% faz uso de álcool e 29,9% de outras drogas (maconha – 53,5%, cocaína – 7%). Em relação às IST, 14,6% relataram tratamento nos últimos 12 meses (sífilis – 42,9%, HIV e sífilis – 19%, HPV – 9,5%, gonorreia – 4,8%) e 56,3% relataram não ter realizado teste HIV nos últimos 12 meses. Sobre o uso de preservativo, 59,7% não usam com parceiro fixo, 31,9% não usam com parceiro eventual e 13,2% usam eventualmente. Referente às violências nos últimos 12 meses, 65,3% tiveram seu nome social desrespeitado, 9,7% relataram desrespeito por algum profissional de saúde, 14,6% deixaram a escola por falta de acolhimento (48,8% com idade ≤18 anos) e 28,5% sofreram abuso sexual. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a população transgênero de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais é vulnerável frente às IST em razão do uso descontínuo do preservativo, do uso de álcool e drogas, e das violências e violações dos direitos humanos na saúde. Sugere-se que os profissionais de saúde sejam capacitados em diversidade sexual e gênero e na realização de ações de prevenção ao HIV/AIDS/IST focadas na população trans.
Sexual Behaviour and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Analysing the Vulnerability of Undergraduates in Brazil’s Federal District
Authors: Mariz Fabiana Nunes de Carvalho , Pereira Luíza de Lima , Oda Daniel Ashton , Langkamer Marcos Filipe Bueno , Marques Cristhiane Campos , Araújo Carla Nunes de
Published: May 2024

Introduction: There is no unified definition for risky sexual behaviour (RSB) to date. There is, however, a consensus idea that RSB can be conditioned by external factors that increase vulnerability to it. Objective: To question which vulnerability factors are most relevant to RSB in the undergraduate population. Methods: It´s a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Health area students of two universities were selected at random and invited through e-mail to answer a virtual questionnaire, previously approved by both institutions’ Research Ethics Committees. The questionnaire covered demographics and students’ sexual behavior aspects, among other topics. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics using relative and absolute frequencies. Results: From a total of 156 complete answers, 31 respondents were male, 106 were female, 19 did not answer, and the mean age was 21 years. From the sample, 23.71% (n=37) claimed to have had sexual relations over the last 12 months without preservative at the last sexual encounter. Among these, 75.67% (n=28) had more than ten sexual partners through their lives, 72.97% (n=27) had same-sex sexual relations, 67.56% (n=25) had sexual relations with individuals met online, 78.37% (n=29) used to ingest alcoholic beverages currently, 18.91% (n=6) smoked marijuana currently, and 8.1 (n=2) used amphetamine currently. Conclusion: The chosen definition for RSB was based on Gräff (2020), who described RSB as having more than one sexual partner over the last 12 months and absence of preservative at the last sexual encounter. The RSB group represented 23.71% of the total. The most relevant vulnerability factors to RSB were: more than ten sexual partners in life, same-sex sexual relations, sexual relations with individuals met online, and ingestion of alcoholic beverages currently. Results match the literature.
Estratégias para reduzir os impactos causados pela falta de tratamento imediato da terapia antirretroviral
Authors: Paiva Andreia
Published: May 2024

Os impactos causados pela falta de tratamento imediato da terapia antirretroviral (TARV), por vezes irreversíveis, foram evidenciados por pesquisas epidemiológicas por meio do Sistema de Monitoramento Clínico (SIMC), revelando lacunas na assistência a pacientes nessa condição. Diante dessa realidade, surge a indagação sobre quais estratégias adotar para viabilizar o tratamento imediato da TARV. Os objetivos consistem em desenvolver abordagens que solucionem a carência de tratamento imediato, orientar de forma enfática os pacientes acerca da relevância desse cuidado e atenuar os danos causados pelo vírus. A metodologia envolveu um universo de 435 pacientes presentes nessa lacuna, ou seja, em GAP, avaliados no Serviço de Assistência Especializada (SAE) Fidélis Ribeiro, unidade da Rede Municipal Especializada em IST/AIDS na região leste do município de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2021 a julho de 2023. Aspectos éticos foram cuidadosamente respeitados, preservando o sigilo dos pacientes e combatendo o estigma ainda presente. Para conduzir a pesquisa, foram utilizados instrumentos como pesquisas no sistema SIMC e profissionais de saúde da Unidade. Os resultados apontam que, por meio do envolvimento e da capacitação dos profissionais de saúde da Unidade, visando à busca ativa e à conscientização dos pacientes sobre os danos decorrentes da falta de tratamento imediato da TARV, foi possível analisar e monitorar um total de 435 pacientes em GAP, chegando em praticamente zero. Em conclusão, este estudo destaca a eficácia da utilização das ferramentas de pesquisa do SIMC, junto ao comprometimento dos profissionais de saúde da Unidade, na redução significativa de pacientes que necessitavam desse monitoramento imediato no SAE Fidélis Ribeiro, ressaltando a importância de abordagens proativas para lidar com esse desafio de saúde pública.
Physiological variables and quality of quail eggs supplemented with magnesium in water under thermal stress
Authors: RODRIGUES Valéria Pereira , FURTADO Dermeval Araújo , RODRIGUES Ladyanne Raia , ABREU Cláudia Goulart de , SOUZA Janete Gouveia de , FARIAS Soahd Arruda Rached , RODRIGUES Raimundo Calixto Martins , SILVA Ricardo de Sousa , OLIVEIRA Airton Gonçalves de , DANTAS Silvia Maria , RIBEIRO Neila Lidiany
Published: May 2024

The objective to evaluate the effects of magnesium supplementation in the water of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on physiological variables and egg quality with the birds kept in a thermoneutral environment and under thermal stress. Three hundred ninety-four (394) quails were used, distributed in a completely randomized 2×4 factorial design (2 temperatures: 24 and 32ºC, and 4 levels of magnesium: 50, 150, 250 and 350 mg L-1), with six replicates and eight birds per experimental unit. The respiratory rate (P<.0001), head temperature (P<.0001), wing temperature (P<.0001), foot temperature (P<.0001), back temperature (P<.0001), body surface temperature (P<.0001) and average body temperature (P<.0001) showed significant differences between the temperatures tested. With the exception of head temperature (P=0.0045), the other variables did not change their values with the increase in the level of magnesium in the water. Egg mass showed a significant difference (P=0.0072) as a function of the level of mannesium in the water. The temperature of the head was higher in birds consuming water with higher levels of magnesium, causing an increase in respiratory rate, and head, wing, foot, back, average surface and body temperatures in birds under thermal stress.
Relación de la sexualidad con la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica. Una mirada desde la ocupación
Authors: Mella Robles Emanuel
Published: May 2024

Bajo un contexto social en donde la sexualidad es una temática que se aborda de forma superficial y de forma conservadora genera consecuencias e impactos significativos en ciertos grupos de la sociedad como las disidencias sexogenéricas, mujeres, niños, niñas y jóvenes. Esta situación, sumado a las consecuencias que tienen el no abordaje de la sexualidad en la vida cotidiana puede generar repercusiones en la economía de las personas y comunidades. La presente reflexión busca observar el abordaje de la sexualidad y su vinculación con lo socioeconómico, visualizando esta dinámica desde el concepto de ocupación, en donde se visualiza una limitación en la participación y elecciones ocupacionales en personas que presentan una sexualidad divergente a la norma y quienes presentan las principales dificultades por la ausencia de Educación Sexual Integral. En el artículo se abordarán los títulos “discriminación y vulnerabilidad socioeconómica”, “sexualidad y ocupación” y “La educación sexual integral como estrategia de abordaje de la vulnerabilidad”. Lo anterior es comprendido desde la ocupación y terapia ocupacional. Como conclusión se sugiere el uso la educación sexual integral en el abordaje de la pobreza y los equipos profesionales lo deben considerar en el desarrollo de estrategias de intervención y políticas públicas.
Bridging Job Characteristics And Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediation Role Of Job-Based Psychological Ownership
Authors: Thu Trang Pham
Published: May 2024

In the realm of business, innovative work behavior holds significant importance. While the direct connection between job characteristics and innovative work behavior has received attention, there remains a gap in understanding the indirect pathways and the influence of job-based psychological ownership in this relationship. This study seeks to address this gap by investigating the relationship between job characteristics and innovative work behavior through job-based psychological ownership. Data was collected through a survey of 574 Vietnamese employees, and the analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM with Smart PLS 4.0 software. The findings reveal that job characteristics positively influence job-based psychological ownership, which subsequently fosters innovative work behavior. Moreover, the results confirm the mediating role of job-based psychological ownership in the relationship between job characteristics and innovative work behavior. These findings carry significant practical implications for Vietnamese businesses.
Pediatric reference ranges for various laboratory markers as children's nutritional needs change
Authors: Alnihier Mohammed Mishal Hamoud
Published: May 2024

Background: Historically, serum visceral proteins like albumin and prealbumin have been used as indicators of patients' nutritional condition. Prealbumin is generally used over albumin since it has a shorter half-life, which means it reflects more fast changes in nutritional status. Recently, there has been increasing attention given to the need of doing a nutrition-focused physical examination and reviewing the patient's medical history in order to diagnose malnutrition. Additionally, there is a growing recognition of the role that inflammation plays as a risk factor for malnutrition. Inflammatory signals have a considerable inhibitory effect on the synthesis of visceral proteins. Aim of Work: The use of these proteins as indicators for nutritional status has been a subject of discussion since they are significantly impacted by inflammation and less affected by protein energy storage. Methods: Currently, it is widely agreed upon that laboratory markers may be used as a supplementary tool to a comprehensive physical examination. Additional indications of nutritional status, such as urine creatinine or 3-methylhistidine, have not been widely used to measure muscle protein breakdown. Serum IGF-1 is hardly affected by inflammation and decreases with starvation.
Empowering Geologists in the Exploration Process— Maximizing Data Use from Enabling Scanning Technologies
Authors: Harris Anthony C. , Finn David J. , MacCorquodale Fraser T.A. , Ravella Michael , Clarke William J. , Krneta Sasha , Battig Eric , Maguire Shauna
Published: May 2024

Semiautomated X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of drill core can inform downhole lithology, mineralization, and alteration domains that can objectively guide core logging and provide new insights for deposit formation and, more importantly, provide new exploration guides through to deposit extraction and recovery. When completed systematically and continuously at a deposit scale, near-real-time data delivery of sensor-derived metal values not only helps in decision-making around drill hole planning but also can be transformational in core-shed workflow modification. Scanning core at centimeter-scale resolution helps minimize ambiguity in the geology and reduce observation-related slowdowns in the process of core logging.

Two case studies are presented here that demonstrate the practical application of scanning XRF technology to provide for more consistent and robust physical and chemical data that eliminates subjective observations and observational biases. Algorithms, combined with interconnected visualization tools, help the field geologist in interpreting complex and large multiparameter data sets, extracting the essential information and knowledge important to new discoveries. We believe that scanning technology can augment the exploration geologist, providing focused data sets that support geology-led knowledge generation, rather than an accepted environment of small-scale data collection that is so commonly engrained in the core logging process.

The routine application of in-field scanning XRF, while itself has an added field cost, delivered operational improvements in the process of logging and data collection to inform geologic models that impact the mining value chain. The value of the derived data and knowledge coming from the systematic scanning of core far exceeded the financial outlay of the scanning.

Confidence in XRF scanning technology and its output can be lost without fully understanding the importance of a comprehensive calibration. A fully optimized calibration may require large volumes of sample material, including whole-rock samples combined with kilometers of core, depending on rock complexity and textural heterogeneity. Several iterations may be needed in the early stages of scanner deployment to a new project site. Furthermore, the agility to effectively deploy field-based scanning technology relies on people and their ability to recognize how the outputs impact their work.
Uma avaliação sistemática do uso de implantes hormonais: suas indicações e efeitos
Authors: Balieiro Fernanda Campaneli , Fenato Mariana Parra , Canali Josiane Cristine
Published: May 2024

A saúde da mulher atravessa várias fases marcadas por transições hormonais, que podem trazer consigo uma série de desafios, como disfunções hormonais, tensão pré-menstrual, perimenopausa e menopausa. Uma abordagem terapêutica que tem sido utilizada para lidar com essas questões é a implantação subcutânea de hormônios sexuais, que demonstrou oferecer benefícios significativos para a saúde mental e física das mulheres. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as indicações e os efeitos associados ao uso de implantes hormonais. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura existente, realizada a partir de dezembro de 2020 até maio de 2023, utilizando bancos de dados eletrônicos, foram identificados onze estudos relevantes para a pesquisa. Os resultados indicam que a hormonioterapia, embora historicamente debatida, quando combinada com a implantação subcutânea, tem demonstrado auxiliar na mitigação de sintomas associados à deficiência estrogênica, trazendo impactos positivos para diversas áreas, incluindo o complexo vulvovaginal, assoalho pélvico, funções sexuais, bem como nos sistemas cardiovascular e ósseo. Conclui-se que a individualização do tratamento, juntamente com o monitoramento cuidadoso e a dosagem adequada, são cruciais para garantir a eficácia e a melhoria da qualidade de vida das mulheres. Além disso, observou-se que essa abordagem terapêutica pode ser benéfica no manejo de condições específicas, como endometriose e Desejo Sexual Hipoativo. Em suma, os implantes hormonais representam uma opção terapêutica promissora para mulheres que enfrentam desafios relacionados às flutuações hormonais ao longo da vida. No entanto, é fundamental continuar investigando e refinando essa modalidade de tratamento para garantir sua segurança e eficácia a longo prazo.
Teoria da Aprendizagem Transformadora Sustentável enquanto referencial teórico-metodológico para a Educação para a Água: reflexões para o contexto da Educação Básica
Authors: Caetano Solange Gulanoski Cardoso , Romero Adriano Lopes , Bonzanini Rafaelle
Published: May 2024

No presente artigo, abordamos a importância da água como recurso vital, destacando os desafios ambientais que enfrenta. Defendemos que a Educação para a Água é uma ferramenta crucial para a conscientização e mudança de comportamento em relação ao uso responsável desse recurso. Para isso, discutimos o uso da Teoria da Aprendizagem Transformadora Sustentável como referencial teórico-metodológico para a Educação para a Água na Educação Básica. A referida teoria pode ser desenvolvida utilizando o princípio organizador "cabeça, mãos e coração" – que representam abordagens para englobar os domínios cognitivo, psicomotor e afetivo da aprendizagem – como base para a construção de uma aprendizagem transformadora. Argumenta-se, ao longo do texto, que processos transformadores são essenciais para modificar o paradigma ecológico antropocêntrico em direção a valores e comportamentos mais sustentáveis. Observamos que a literatura especializada tem reportado o enfraquecimento das políticas socioambientais e os desafios da Educação Ambiental após a implementação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Neste cenário, é apontada a formação inicial e continuada de professores como uma solução para uma implementação mais efetiva da Educação Ambiental na escola. A partir desta perspectiva, argumentamos que é necessária a disposição de referenciais teóricos pelos professores que promovam objetivos mais significativos em Educação Ambiental. Sugerimos que a Teoria da Aprendizagem Transformadora Sustentável pode ser um referencial valioso nesse contexto, visando à transformação pessoal e social. Concluímos que os professores, ao considerarem os princípios da Teoria da Aprendizagem Transformadora Sustentável, podem ajudar os alunos a compreenderem melhor a importância da água e a se engajarem em sua preservação e gestão sustentável.
PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B IN LOCAL AREA OF DISTRICT SIALKOT, PAKISTAN
Authors: MUZAMMAL S , ASHRAF S , NASIR T , ZAINAB S , ATIF M , IRSHAD F , AMJAD K
Published: May 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a small encapsulated DNA virus, predominantly infects hepatocytes, causing acute and chronic liver damage. Objective: This study aimed to assess the incidence of HBV among the population of the local area of district Sialkot. Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted at Tehsil Headquarters Hospital Daska between January 2022 and May 2022. Sixty participants were registered for the study, including males and females aged 7 to 68. Data collection was performed using a standardised questionnaire. Each participant provided 5 ml of blood for an immunochromatography test. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: Out of the 60 participants, 20 tested reactive for HBV, with 18 males and 2 females. Most of the reactive participants were males aged between 20 and 40, and most were married. Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant incidence of HBV among males, particularly those aged 20-40 years in the district of Sialkot. These results can inform public health initiatives to prevent HBV and promote precautionary measures.
ASSESSMENT OF THE OUTCOME OF SEPSIS PATIENTS ADMITTED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: PERVAIZ R , ARIF B , HASHMI MS , AHMED H , ADEEL . , ASGHAR A , ZARTASH S
Published: May 2024

Background: Sepsis remains a significant challenge in critical care medicine, with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Understanding sepsis outcomes in the ICU is crucial for guiding clinical management decisions and improving patient care practices. Objective: This study aimed to assess the consequences of severe sepsis and septic shock in patients admitted to the ICU at Bahria Town International Hospital Lahore, focusing on mortality rates, risk factors for death, and site of infection. Study Design: A prospective clinical study adhering to STROBE guidelines was conducted at the ICU of Bahria Town International Hospital Lahore from March 2023 to December 2023. Setting: The study was conducted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Bahria Town International Hospital Lahore. Duration of Study: The study was conducted from March 2023 to December 2023. Material and Methods: Patients aged 18 years and older admitted to the ICU with severe sepsis or septic shock were included. Exclusion criteria included ICU length of stay shorter than 24 hours and patients under 18 years old. Data on demographics, infection source, comorbidities, laboratory results, hospital stay, and outcomes were prospectively collected using a predefined form. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software, including descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, to identify variables affecting patient survival. Results: Sixty individuals were enrolled, with a mean age of 55.55 ± 20.32 years. The majority were male (58.3%). The mean length of hospital stay was 6.43 ± 3.54 days. Among the study population, 43.3% had severe sepsis, and 56.6% had septic shock. The mortality rate was 41.6%. Positive blood culture was associated with a higher mortality rate, and patients with septic shock had a significantly increased risk of death. Complications with the respiratory, renal, and central neurological systems also increased the likelihood of death. Conclusion: This study highlights the significant mortality associated with severe sepsis and septic shock in ICU patients. Positive blood culture and septic shock were identified as important predictors of mortality. Early recognition and management of these factors are essential for improving patient outcomes in sepsis.
From tumor to tolerance: A comprehensive review of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune-related adverse events
Authors: Sutanto Henry , Safira Ardea , Fetarayani Deasy
Published: May 2024

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various malignancies by harnessing the body’s immune system to target cancer cells. However, their widespread use has unveiled a spectrum of immune-related adverse events, highlighting a critical balance between antitumor immunity and autoimmunity. This review article delves into the molecular immunology of ICIs, mapping the journey from their therapeutic action to the unintended induction of immune-related adverse events. We provide a comprehensive overview of all available ICIs, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors, and emerging targets, discussing their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and the molecular underpinnings of associated immune-related adverse events. Special attention is given to the activation of autoreactive T cells, B cells, cytokine release, and the inflammatory cascade, which together contribute to the development of immune-related adverse events. Through a molecular lens, we explore the clinical manifestations of immune-related adverse events across organ systems, offering insights into diagnosis, management, and strategies to mitigate these adverse effects. The review underscores the importance of understanding the delicate interplay between enhancing antitumor responses and minimizing immune-related adverse events, aiming to guide future research and the development of next-generation ICIs with improved drug safety profiles.
Performance of lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr.) on some Flemingia spp.
Authors: Jaipuriar S. , Kumar P. , Srivastava S. , Subbarayudu B.
Published: May 2024

The performance of lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr.) was evaluated on four genotypes of Flemingia, viz., F. macrophylla, F. paniculata, F. semialata and colchiploid of F. macrophylla during three baisakhi crop seasons to determine density of larval settlement, their mortality, sex ratio, fecundity and yield of brood lac. The later three important parameters were in favour of F. paniculata, whereas no significant differences were observed on larval settlement and their mortality in any of the plant species under study, except very high sex ratio in favour of males on F. paniculata which, however, also did not affect the lac yield.
The Impact of Anti-Predator Behavior and Toxicant on An Ecological Neutrosophic Model
Authors:   College of Engineering, Iraqi University and Electrial Engineering Technology College , Middle Technical University, Iraq, Huda Huda ,   College of Engineering, Iraqi University and Electrial Engineering Technology College , Middle Technical University, Iraq, Abd Aseel Amer
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses a neutrosophic mathematical model consisting of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing the interaction between two prey and a predator with the use of function response Holling's type IV and Lotka Volttra. It appears that the first prey has a way to defend itself by using the toxic substance directly to the predator, as well as the effect of the predator on the toxic substance. The conditions for the existence of the solution and the uniqueness of the boundaries were discussed, and then the different equilibrium points and the stability of the system around the equilibrium points were analyzed. The Lyapunov function was used to study the global dynamics of this proposed model. Finally, numerical simulations were performed to show the analytical results.
ML-based Intrusion Detection for Drone IoT Security
Authors:   Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences,Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, Abdullah Abdullah ,   Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences,Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, Mishra Shailendra
Published: May 2024

The integration of drones into various industries brings about cybersecurity challenges due to their reliance on internet connectivity. To address this, we propose a comprehensive cybersecurity architecture leveraging machine learning (ML) algorithms and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies within the Internet of Drones (IoD) framework. Our architecture employs IoT-enabled sensors strategically placed across the drone ecosystem to collect and analyze data on system behaviors, communication patterns, and environmental variables. This data is then processed by a centralized platform equipped with sophisticated ML algorithms for pattern identification and anomaly detection. A key feature is the dynamic learning mechanism, enabling real-time intrusion detection by adapting to evolving threats. By combining IoT and ML, the system proactively defends against cyberattacks by distinguishing between typical and abnormal activity. Emphasis is placed on data integrity and confidentiality through secure communication protocols and cryptographic algorithms. Extensive simulations and tests validate the framework's effectiveness in various IoD scenarios, demonstrating its ability to swiftly identify intrusions and informing future enhancements. This comprehensive study meticulously examines the pressing cybersecurity concerns within the burgeoning drone industry. It proposes a robust architectural framework designed to enhance security for drone-enabled applications in our increasingly interconnected world. By harnessing the synergies between Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies, this innovative approach aims to fortify the integrity and reliability of drone systems.
MASA DEPAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Kohar Kohar
Published: May 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan bagaimana program pendidikan Islam disusun dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan era modern serta mencapai hasil yang diharapkan melalui pendidikan tersebut. Era modern ditandai dengan kemajuan teknologi yang pesat, di mana generasi pelajar cenderung lebih terampil dalam menggunakan perangkat modern sejak masa kecil mereka, berbeda dengan generasi sebelumnya yang mungkin kurang terbiasa dengan teknologi. Karena perbedaan ini, penting untuk menyesuaikan kurikulum pendidikan Islam agar relevan dengan gaya hidup dan preferensi peserta didik yang berasal dari generasi modern ini.Tulisan ini merupakan sintesis dari berbagai pemikiran yang telah dikaji melalui pendekatan riset pustaka, yang bertujuan untuk menemukan ide-ide dan temuan yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Tujuan dari sintesis ini adalah untuk merumuskan ide-ide baru sebagai tanggapan terhadap tantangan dan peluang yang muncul di era teknologi ini. Hal ini penting karena dunia terus berubah dan berkembang, sehingga pendidikan Islam juga harus beradaptasi agar tetap relevan dan efektif. Hal hal yang perlu ditekankan dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam di era modern ini adalah adaptasi materi pembelajaran ke dalam format digital serta pembinaan generasi Muslim untuk mencapai kesuksesan, Adaptasi materi pembelajaran ke dalam format digital penting untuk memfasilitasi pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif, mudah diakses, dan sesuai dengan preferensi generasi pelajar modern yang lebih cenderung menggunakan teknologi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Sementara itu, pembinaan generasi Muslim untuk mencapai kesuksesan baik di dunia maupun di akhirat menekankan pentingnya pengembangan kepribadian, keterampilan, dan nilai-nilai Islam yang dapat membimbing mereka menuju kehidupan yang bermanfaat dan harmonis.
The way to maintain the stability of race cars at high speed
Authors: Xia Yixin
Published: May 2024

Nowadays, cars are used quite often and require good stability and handling while driving to keep passengers safe. At the same time, the race car also must have better stability and handling at high speeds than family cars so that they can ensure that the driver can handle the track and get the best performance in extreme conditions. Therefore, the shape of the vehicle and the design of the different components play a key role in ensuring its stability at high speeds. From an aerodynamic point of view, the streamlined body design, the application of spoilers, the design of the tail and the ground effect are all factors that are crucial to the stability of the car. This paper will look at how the race car remains stable at high speeds from an aerodynamic perspective, and how its shape and different components of the car affect its stability and handling. From our research, we find that all of them have crucial effects and exist different forces on the car body
Research on medium-term electric power load forecasting based on SSAD-CEEMDAN
Authors: Li Qiaoli
Published: May 2024

To fully enhance the accuracy of electric power load forecasting, a medium-term electric power load forecasting model based on secondary decomposition (predicted model of power load based on secondary decomposition, PMPL-SD) is proposed. In the PMPL-SD algorithm, the original load data are first decomposed and reconstructed using the singular spectrum analysis decomposition method; then, the data after denoising are further decomposed and reconstructed using the noise-assisted complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition to obtain three components: high frequency, medium frequency, and trend. At the same time, a combined network model consisting of convolutional neural networks and bidirectional long short-term memory networks is used to predict the three components separately. The component results are integrated to obtain the final forecasting result. To verify the performance of the PMPL-SD algorithm, three models are selected for comparison. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher forecasting accuracy in medium-term electric power load forecasting.
A review of humidity-Responsive Actuation in Liquid Crystal elastomer films: Controlling reversibility and irreversibility through hydrogen bonding
Authors: Sun Jiujian
Published: May 2024

Humidity-responsive actuation refers to the phenomenon where certain materials alter their shape, size, or color in response to fluctuations in humidity levels. This behavior is reminiscent of natural processes observed in plants, where seeds and flowers react to moisture. The potential applications of humidity-responsive materials span various fields, including soft robotics, smart sensors, biomimetic devices, and anti-counterfeiting measures. Liquid Crystal Elastomers (LCEs)are particularly noteworthy in this context, as they possess a unique combination of properties derived from both liquid crystals and elastomers. These materials exhibit significant changes in shape in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, electric fields, and humidity. As a result, this paper focuses on the humidity-responsive properties of Liquid Crystal Elastomer (LCE) films, with a specific emphasis on the role of hydrogen bonding in this process. And this review covers the synthesis methods, underlying mechanisms, performance characteristics, challenges, and future prospects of humidity-responsive Liquid Crystal Elastomer (LCE) films.
Innovations and strategies for optimizing lithium-ion battery performance: From material advancements to system management
Authors: Zhao Ao , Hao Guijie , Zhang Wangkai
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted advancements in lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology, focusing on material innovations and engineering strategies aimed at optimizing performance, safety, and efficiency. We delve into the development of advanced cathode materials like lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP), highlighting their contributions to enhancing energy density and safety. The investigation extends to silicon-based anode materials, underscoring their potential to significantly increase energy storage capacity despite challenges related to volume expansion. Furthermore, we discuss electrolyte optimization techniques that promise to improve battery safety through the use of non-flammable ionic liquids and solid-state electrolytes. Engineering strategies, including microstructure design of electrodes and thermal management systems, are analyzed for their role in improving electrochemical performance and extending battery lifespan. Smart battery management systems (BMS) are also examined for their ability to optimize battery usage through real-time monitoring and predictive analytics. Through a comprehensive review and quantitative analysis, this study presents a cohesive overview of current trends and future directions in LIB technology.
Advanced analysis and construction techniques for long-span spatial structures in steel engineering
Authors: Xing Jinquan
Published: May 2024

This paper explores advanced analysis methods and construction techniques for long-span spatial structures in steel engineering. It delves into the principles of the Direct Analysis Method (DAM), emphasizing equilibrium, compatibility, plasticity, and stability, as well as load path and redundancy considerations. The DAM provides a robust framework for analyzing complex steel structures, ensuring stability, resilience, and efficiency. Furthermore, the paper discusses modeling techniques, including Finite Element Analysis (FEA), dynamic analysis, and nonlinear analysis, highlighting their significance in optimizing design solutions and predicting structural behavior under diverse loading conditions. Practical considerations in material selection, connection design, and construction are addressed, focusing on enhancing performance, durability, and constructability. Prefabrication and modular construction techniques are explored as effective strategies for accelerating project schedules, improving quality control, and enhancing site safety. Through a comprehensive review of literature and case studies, this paper provides valuable insights for engineers and researchers involved in the design and construction of long-span spatial structures in steel engineering.
“Özne Eksiltisi”ne Eleştirel Bir Bakış
Authors: Uzun Muzaffer
Published: May 2024

Bulundukları bağlamda ilişkili olduğu isim unsuru ile değer kazanan gönderimsel bağlaşıklık unsurları; öncül bağımsız gönderim ögeleri; şahıs zamirleri, işaret zamirleri, işaret sıfatlarından ardıl/bağımlı gönderim ögeleri; iyelik ekleri, belirtme durumu eki, şahıs eklerinden oluşur. Şahıs eklerinin gönderim ilişkisi ile bağlandığı şahıs zamirlerinin cümle düzeyindeki görünümleri, dil araştırmalarının konusu olmuş; gizli özne, özne eksiltisi, adıl düşürme kavramları ile tanımlanıp örneklendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada bazı kaynaklarda gizli özne şeklinde tanımlanmış özne türü ve bağlaşıklık unsurları içerisinde değerlendirilen özne eksiltisi tartışılmıştır. Öznenin bir kelime ya da kelime grubu ile cümlede yer almadığında şahıs eklerinin cümlenin öznesi olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği, şahıs ekinin gönderim ilişkisi ile bağlandığı ve özne olarak değerlendirilen şahıs zamirlerinin cümleden düşürülen bir unsur olarak düşünülemeyeceği, dolayısıyla bu cümlelerde bir özne eksiltisinden bahsedilemeyeceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Bolmasa Bağlacı ile Alakalı Bazı Düşünceler
Authors: Ersoy Gülser
Published: May 2024

Tarihî ve çağdaş Türk lehçelerinde ve kimi ağızlarda bol- fiilin içinde bulunduğu formların imkân, olabilirlik, mecburiyet, niyet ve temenni gibi kiplik değerlerini kolaylıkla ifade ettiği gözlemlenmektedir. Tüm bu işlevlerine ek olarak süreç içerisinde bol- fiilinin olumsuz şart çekimli halinin eş sıralı tümceler arasında şart, karşıtlık, sebep, sonuç gibi semantik bağ kurabilecek şekilde de kullanılabilen bir gramer birimine dönüştüğüne tanıklık edilmektedir.
Eldeki çalışma ile bolmasa sözcüğünün bağlaç işlevinde kullanılmasına zemin hazırlayan sentaktik yapıların ortaya konması hedeflenmektedir. Ayrıca olumsuz şart kiplik işaretleyicisi ile çekimlenen bir fiilin bağlaç işlevinde de kullanılabiliyor olması durumu, modern dil bilimin bağlaçlar hususunda yapmış olduğu art zamanlı değerlendirmeler ile izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Bunun yanı sıra bolmasa bağlacının Eski Uygur Türkçesi ve Harezm Türkçesinden çağdaş Türk lehçelerine kadar takip edilen süreçte işaretlediği anlam alanlarından yola çıkılarak izlediği yol haritası tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados com diferentes níveis de resíduo de pré-limpeza de soja como alimento fibroso
Authors: Costa Viviana Reboledo da , Gallarreta Bernardo da Trindade , Carvalho Sérgio , Sartori Elen Kaline , Gonçalves Carolayne , Farias Mateus Alcimar , Rosback João Augusto Rubin
Published: May 2024

O presente experimento teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de substituição da silagem de sorgo por resíduo de pré-limpeza de soja (RPLS) sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros machos, não castrados, cruza Texel x Ile de France, desmamados com 60 dias de idade. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por diferentes níveis de substituição do alimento volumoso (silagem de sorgo) por RPLS em níveis de 0; 33,5; 66,5 e 100% de substituição, em base de matéria seca (MS). Para estes níveis de substituição, a inclusão de RPLS na ração foi 0, 150, 300 e 450 g kg-1 MS. Utilizou-se uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 45:55, com base na matéria seca. As dietas eram compostas por volumoso a base de silagem de sorgo e/ou RPLS, e o concentrado composto por milho desintegrado, farelo de soja e calcário calcítico. Os cordeiros foram abatidos quando atingiram o peso pré-estabelecido de 35 kg de peso vivo. As características das carcaças avaliadas nesse estudo não foram influenciadas (P>0,05) pelos níveis de substituição de silagem de sorgo por RPLS. Quanto às características dos componentes não carcaça, as proporções de fígado, pâncreas, timo e rins aumentaram linearmente (P≤0,05) com o nível de substituição de silagem de sorgo por RPLS nas dietas. Quando avaliado o enchimento do trato gastrintestinal, os conteúdos do rúmen, do retículo, do intestino delgado e o conteúdo gastrintestinal total apresentaram comportamento linear decrescente (P≤0,05) com o aumento de RPLS na dieta. A utilização de RPLS em substituição a silagem de sorgo como alimento volumoso na dieta de cordeiros confinados não altera as características da carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça dos animais, podendo-se recomendar a substituição até o nível de 100% (inclusão de 450 g kg-1 MS da ração), em rações com relação volumoso:concentrado de 45:55.