bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reporting of neuropsychiatric symptoms in electronic health records of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease: a natural language processing study
Authors: Eikelboom Willem S. , Singleton Ellen H. , van den Berg Esther , de Boer Casper , Coesmans Michiel , Goudzwaard Jeannette A. , Vijverberg Everard G. B. , Pan Michel , Gouw Cornalijn , Mol Merel O. , Gillissen Freek , Fieldhouse Jay L. P. , Pijnenburg Yolande A. L. , van der Flier Wiesje M. , van Swieten John C. , Ossenkoppele Rik , Kors Jan A. , Papma Janne M.
Published: May 2023

Background

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are prevalent in the early clinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) according to proxy-based instruments. Little is known about which NPS clinicians report and whether their judgment aligns with proxy-based instruments. We used natural language processing (NLP) to classify NPS in electronic health records (EHRs) to estimate the reporting of NPS in symptomatic AD at the memory clinic according to clinicians. Next, we compared NPS as reported in EHRs and NPS reported by caregivers on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).

Methods

Two academic memory clinic cohorts were used: the Amsterdam UMC (n = 3001) and the Erasmus MC (n = 646). Patients included in these cohorts had MCI, AD dementia, or mixed AD/VaD dementia. Ten trained clinicians annotated 13 types of NPS in a randomly selected training set of n = 500 EHRs from the Amsterdam UMC cohort and in a test set of n = 250 EHRs from the Erasmus MC cohort. For each NPS, a generalized linear classifier was trained and internally and externally validated. Prevalence estimates of NPS were adjusted for the imperfect sensitivity and specificity of each classifier. Intra-individual comparison of the NPS classified in EHRs and NPS reported on the NPI were conducted in a subsample (59%).

Results

Internal validation performance of the classifiers was excellent (AUC range: 0.81–0.91), but external validation performance decreased (AUC range: 0.51–0.93). NPS were prevalent in EHRs from the Amsterdam UMC, especially apathy (adjusted prevalence = 69.4%), anxiety (adjusted prevalence = 53.7%), aberrant motor behavior (adjusted prevalence = 47.5%), irritability (adjusted prevalence = 42.6%), and depression (adjusted prevalence = 38.5%). The ranking of NPS was similar for EHRs from the Erasmus MC, although not all classifiers obtained valid prevalence estimates due to low specificity. In both cohorts, there was minimal agreement between NPS classified in the EHRs and NPS reported on the NPI (all kappa coefficients < 0.28), with substantially more reports of NPS in EHRs than on NPI assessments.

Conclusions

NLP classifiers performed well in detecting a wide range of NPS in EHRs of patients with symptomatic AD visiting the memory clinic and showed that clinicians frequently reported NPS in these EHRs. Clinicians generally reported more NPS in EHRs than caregivers reported on the NPI.
Persistent and fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in a patient with severe hypogammaglobulinemia: a case report
Authors: Bedoya-Joaqui Vanessa , Gutiérrez-López María I. , Caicedo Paola A. , Villegas-Torres María F. , Albornoz-Tovar Ludwig L. , Vélez Juan D. , Hidalgo-Cardona Alejandra , Tobón Gabriel J. , Cañas Carlos A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Viruses are constantly changing as a result of mutations, and new viral variants are expected to appear over time. The virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is not excluded from this condition. Patients with some types of immunodeficiency have been reported to experience symptoms that vary from mild to severe, or even death, after being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We report a case of a woman with severe hypogammaglobulinemia who developed a prolonged and fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

Case presentation

A 60-year-old mestizo female with a previous history of severe hypogammaglobulinemia manifested by recurrent pulmonary infections and follicular bronchiolitis. She received a monthly treatment of intravenous immunoglobulins and was admitted after report of a neurological manifestation related to a left thalamic inflammatory lesion, for a duration of 2 weeks of hospitalization, indicated for the study of her neurological condition, including brain biopsy. Both on admission and 1 week later, nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were performed and reported negative. In the third week of hospitalization, she developed pulmonary symptoms, and a positive test result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was evidenced. On Day 3, the patients’ condition worsened as the infection progressed to respiratory failure and required mechanical ventilation. On Day 8 after the coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis, the polymerase chain reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 showed persistent detection of the virus. Various bacterial coinfections, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae, were diagnosed and treated. On Day 35, her pulmonary symptoms worsened, and the results of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction test remained positive. On Day 36, despite all the respiratory support, the patient died. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus was sequenced at the beginning and 8 days after the onset of the disease, and the strain, without obvious mutations in the gene that encodes spike protein, was identified.

Conclusions

This clinical case showed persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection after 35 days of infection in a patient with severe hypogammaglobulinemia. The sequencing of the virus showed no mutations on the spike protein at 8 days, indicating that, in this case, the persistence of the viral detection was associated with immunodeficiency instead of changes in the viral components.
Speech emotion recognition based on emotion perception
Authors: Liu Gang , Cai Shifang , Wang Ce
Published: May 2023

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is a hot topic in speech signal processing. With the advanced development of the cheap computing power and proliferation of research in data-driven methods, deep learning approaches are prominent solutions to SER nowadays. SER is a challenging task due to the scarcity of datasets and the lack of emotion perception. Most existing networks of SER are based on computer vision and natural language processing, so the applicability for extracting emotion is not strong. Drawing on the research results of brain science on emotion computing and inspired by the emotional perceptive process of the human brain, we propose an approach based on emotional perception, which designs a human-like implicit emotional attribute classification and introduces implicit emotional information through multi-task learning. Preliminary experiments show that the unweighted accuracy (UA) of the proposed method has increased by 2.44%, and weighted accuracy (WA) 3.18% (both absolute values) on the Interactive Emotional Dyadic Motion Capture (IEMOCAP) dataset, which verifies the effectiveness of our method.
The effects of COVID-19 on European healthcare provision for working-age adults with major depressive disorder
Authors: Wong Win Lee Edwin , Sually Dilveer , Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego , Quoidbach Vinciane , Simon Judit , Boyer Patrice , Strawbridge Rebecca , Young Allan H.
Published: May 2023

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and yet delivery of care for this illness is rife with gaps. The COVID-19 pandemic has had far reaching implications for every facet of healthcare, and MDD is no exception. This scoping review aimed to ascertain the impacts of COVID-19 on the delivery of MDD care in Europe, as well as to evaluate any novel MDD care strategies trialled in this period.

Methods

We searched the PubMed and PsycINFO databases up to January 2022 with a strategy centred around COVID-19 and MDD. Full texts of eligible studies examining working-age adults and conducted in Europe were evaluated against several criteria. All outcomes were then extracted and a narrative synthesis was constructed to summarise identified themes.

Results

Of 1,744 records identified in our search, 11 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. In general, these studies reported a decrease in treatment rates, access to care, and perceived access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, digital interventions trialled during the pandemic were broadly well-received by users, though their efficacy in improving MDD care was ambiguous.

Conclusions

Despite a limited number of pertinent studies, this scoping review identified a trend of exacerbated treatment gaps in MDD care during the pandemic. Several of our pre-specified gaps, including delays to detection or treatment of depression and rates of follow-up contacts, remained unexplored in the context of COVID-19. This highlights the need for further investigation to obtain a full understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 and MDD care in Europe.
Splitting probabilities for dynamics in corrugated channels: Passive vs. active Brownian motion
(a)
Authors: Malgaretti P. , Nizkaia T. , Oshanin G.
Published: May 2023

In many practically important problems which rely on particles' transport in realistic corrugated channels, one is interested in knowing the probability that either of the extremities (e.g., the one containing a chemically active site, or connected to a broader channel) is reached before the other one. In mathematical literature, the latter are called the “splitting” probabilities (SPs). Here, within the Fick-Jacobs approach, we study analytically the SPs as functions of system's parameters for dynamics in three-dimensional corrugated channels, confronting standard diffusion and active Brownian motion. Our analysis reveals some similarities in the behavior and also some markedly different features, which can be seen as fingerprints of the activity of particles.
Emergence of prethermal states in a driven dissipative system through cross-correlated dissipation
Authors: Chakrabarti Arnab , Bhattacharyya Rangeet
Published: May 2023

Periodically driven closed quantum many-body systems are known to exhibit prethermal or quasi-steady-state dynamics. In this work, we theoretically show that such prethermal phases can appear in the dynamics of a dipolar two-spin-1/2 system coupled to a heat bath if the cross terms between the drive and dipolar interactions are taken into consideration. To this end, we use our recently reported fluctuation-regulated quantum master equation (Chakrabarti A. and Bhattacharyya R., Phys. Rev. A
97 (2018) 063837), to show that the predicted dynamics can successfully explain the experimentally observed features of the transient and prethermal regime.
The Clinical Benefits of Antiresorptive Agents in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy: A Systematic Review with Pairwise and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Sheng-Fan , Lin Yi-Sheng , Yeh Wan-Yu , Chang Yuh-Lih , Chiang Chern-En , Chen Chen-Huan , Tseng Ling-Ming , Lee Hsin-Chen , Liu Chun-Yu , Cheng Hao-Min
Published: May 2023

Context

Clinical trials have investigated the role of antiresorptive agents, including bisphosphonates and denosumab, in patients with primary breast cancer receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy, aiming for better bone protection and/or improving survival.

Objective

To summarize the clinical effects of antiresorptive agents in patients with early breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy.

Methods

We systematically reviewed and synthesized the clinical benefits and harms of antiresorptive agents in patients with early breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy by calculating the risk ratios (RRs).

Results

In the pooled meta-analysis, antiresorptive agents had significant clinical benefits on disease recurrence (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67-0.90) and locoregional recurrence (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49-0.95) in patients with breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy. Early use of antiresorptive agents has a beneficial effect on secondary endocrine therapy resistance instead of primary resistance. Safety analysis revealed that potential risk for osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ, RR 3.29, 95% CI 1.12-9.68) with antiresorptive agents; however, there is an insignificant difference in arthralgia. The subgroup analyses revealed that intervention with bisphosphonates might have profound clinical benefits, but also increased the occurrence of ONJ. A network meta-analysis further supported the clinical effects of early antiresorptive agent use compared with delayed use or placebo.

Conclusion

Using antiresorptive agents early in patients with breast cancer receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy may provide additional benefits in risk reduction of recurrence, but there is a potential risk of ONJ.
Stem Cell–Derived Islet Transplantation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Can Diabetes Subtypes Guide Implementation?
Authors: Verhoeff Kevin , Marfil-Garza Braulio A , Czarnecka Zofia , Cuesta-Gomez Nerea , Jasra Ila Tewari , Dadheech Nidheesh , Senior Peter A , Shapiro A M James
Published: May 2023

Historically, only patients with brittle diabetes or severe recurrent hypoglycemia have been considered for islet transplantation (ITx). This population has been selected to optimize the risk-benefit profile, considering risks of long-term immunosuppression and limited organ supply. However, with the advent of stem cell (SC)–derived ITx and the potential for immunosuppression-free ITx, consideration of a broader recipient cohort may soon be justified. Simultaneously, the classical categorization of diabetes is being challenged by growing evidence in support of a clustering of disease subtypes that can be better categorized by the All New Diabetics in Scania (ANDIS) classification system. Using the ANDIS classification, 5 subtypes of diabetes have been described, each with unique causes and consequences. We evaluate consideration for ITx in the context of this broader patient population and the new classification of diabetes subtypes.

In this review, we evaluate considerations for ITx based on novel diabetes subtypes, including their limitations, and we elaborate on unique transplant features that should now be considered to enable ITx in these “unconventional” patient cohorts. Based on evidence from those receiving whole pancreas transplant and our more than 20-year experience with ITx, we offer recommendations and potential research avenues to justify implementation of SC-derived ITx in broader populations of patients with all types of diabetes.
Forgotten Refugees and Erased “Multicultural” Subjects: The Vietnam War and South Korea's Subimperial Nation-Building
Authors: Kim Nora Hui-Jung
Published: May 2023

This article revisits South Korea's mostly forgotten involvement in the Vietnam War and examines lingering effects of the war on South Korea's subimperial nation-building in general and on its contemporary multicultural policies in particular. The Vietnam War served as a stepping stone for South Korea to transform itself from a war-torn country to an economic subempire in Asia. Encounters with Vietnamese refugees in the aftermath of the war helped form South Korea's subimperial gaze, solidifying the racial inferiority of South Koreans to the United States but establishing their superiority over the Vietnamese. Further, the resettlement of Vietnamese refugees laid the foundation for the practices of contemporary South Korean multiculturalism. In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, South Korea presented itself as a benevolent protector of Vietnamese refugees. The brutal acts committed on the battlefields and the neglect of the Vietnamese refugees living at the margins of South Korean society have been effaced from public memory. Through the work of selective memory, the “multicultural” South Korea presents itself yet again as a caring supporter of Vietnamese migrant wives. It is through this cultural amnesia that the myth of ethnic homogeneity was maintained, allowing the contemporary multiculturalism discourse and practice to be advertised as a novel cultural globalization project that is free of historical guilt or responsibility.
A Great, Restless Stream
Authors: Crowley Thomas
Published: May 2023

This article explores the thought of philosopher, historian, and activist Sharad Patil, particularly the way he constructs theoretical arguments by drawing on, expanding, and critiquing the insights of his predecessors in radical anti-caste thought, Jotirao Phule and B. R. Ambedkar. Patil advances a particular reading of Phule-Ambedkarism to sharpen his critique of orthodox Marxism and develop a philosophy that could undergird revolutionary egalitarian change in India. The article focuses on two key theoretical insights elaborated by Patil and his reading of Phule-Ambedkarism: one historical, centering on the methodological and ideological importance of rewriting longue durée history; the other political-economic, centering on the way that circuits of exploitation and rule get reproduced. The article attempts to read Patil according to his own methodological and analytic criteria. Patil had little interest in purity of theory or in defending the boundaries of the one true Marxism or Phule-Ambedkarism. Even while critiquing Phule and Ambedkar, Patil insistently asked (as this article too asks): what did their philosophies of history, of knowledge, and of political economy enable them to understand about the past, present, and future of egalitarian struggle in India and beyond?
Subtractive colour mixing with bile pigments creates the rich wing palette of Graphium weiskei butterflies
Authors: Stavenga Doekele G.
Published: May 2023

The wings of the purple spotted swallowtail Graphium weiskei are marked by an unusual bright colour pattern. Spectrophotometry on G. weiskei wings demonstrated the presence of a pigment with an absorption spectrum (peak wavelength λmax=676 nm) similar to that of the bile pigment sarpedobilin in the wings of the congeneric Graphium sarpedon (λmax=672 nm). Sarpedobilin alone causes cyan–blue wing areas, but the green-coloured areas of G. sarpedon wings result from subtractive colour mixing with the carotenoid lutein. Reflectance spectra of the blue-coloured areas of G. weiskei wings indicate that sarpedobilin is mixed with the short-wavelength-absorbing papiliochrome II. An enigmatic pigment, tentatively called weiskeipigment (λmax=580 nm), enhances the saturation of the blue colour. Weiskeipigment causes a purple colour in areas where the sarpedobilin concentration is low. The wings of the related papilionid Papilio phorcas contain the bile pigment pharcobilin (λmax=604 nm), as well as another sarpedobilin (λmax=663 nm). The cyan to greenish wings of P. phorcas are due to phorcabilin and sarpedobilin mixed with papiliochrome II. A survey of known subspecies of G. weiskei as well as of congeneric Graphium species of the ‘weiskei’ group shows various degrees of subtractive colour mixing of bilins and short-wavelength absorbers (carotenoids and/or papiliochromes) in their wings. This study illuminates the underestimated role of bile pigments in butterfly wing colouration.
Phylogeny and evolution of erythrocytes in mammals
Authors: Udroiu Ion
Published: May 2023

In the past century, several authors have investigated the allometry of haematological parameters in mammals. As haematocrit and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration are almost constant within the Mammalia (although with notable exceptions), differences in other haematological parameters are mainly reducible to red blood cell size (mean corpuscular volume, MCV). Past studies testing for correlation between MCV and body mass have given contradictory results. Using phylogenetically informed regressions, here I demonstrate that the correlation between MCV and body mass is indirect, and is in reality due to the correlation between MCV and basal metabolic rate. This could be explained by the fact that small erythrocytes allow a fast release of oxygen in tissues with high metabolic demand. Nonetheless, hypoxia-adapted species show MCV greater than that predicted by their metabolic rate, while Ruminantia show the inverse. Interestingly, these species show the highest and lowest, respectively, Hb affinity for oxygen. In the present paper, I suggest that Hb–oxygen affinity, acting as a biological constraint for oxygen exchange, determines the size of red blood cells. Hb intrinsic affinity for oxygen shows little variation during evolution and modifying the levels of allosteric factors can be viewed as an adaption to adjust Hb–oxygen affinity to metabolic demands (the same also happens during ontogeny). Nonetheless, in some lineages, mutations raising Hb–oxygen affinity allowed some species to colonize hypoxic environments; in Ruminantia, instead, there was a drastic decrease, which cannot be adaptively explained.
Heterogeneous Treatment Effects after Inspiratory Muscle Training during Recovery from Postacute COVID-19 Syndrome
Authors: METCALFE RICHARD S. , SWINTON PAUL A. , MACKINTOSH KELLY A. , BERG RONAN M. G. , SHELLEY JAMES , SAYNOR ZOE L. , HUDSON JOANNE , DUCKERS JAMIE , LEWIS KEIR , DAVIES GWYNETH A. , MCNARRY MELITTA A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The objective of this study is to investigate whether heterogeneous treatment effects occur for changes in inspiratory muscle strength, perceived dyspnea, and health-related quality of life after 8 wk of unsupervised home-based inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in adults with postacute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome.

Methods

In total, 147 adults with self-reported prior COVID-19 either completed an 8-wk home-based IMT intervention (n = 111, 92 females, 48 ± 11 yr, 9.3 ± 3.6 months postacute COVID-19 infection) or acted as “usual care” wait list controls (n = 36, 34 females, 49 ± 12 yr, 9.4 ± 3.2 months postacute COVID-19 infection).

Results

Applying a Bayesian framework, we found clear evidence of heterogeneity of treatment response for inspiratory muscle strength: the estimated difference between standard deviations (SD) of the IMT and control groups was 22.8 cm H2O (75% credible interval (CrI), 4.7–37.7) for changes in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and 86.8 pressure time units (75% CrI, 55.7–116.7) for sustained MIP (SMIP). Conversely, there were minimal differences in the SD between the IMT and the control group for changes in perceived dyspnea and health-related quality of life, providing no evidence of heterogeneous treatment effects. Higher cumulative power during the IMT intervention was related to changes in MIP (β = 10.9 cm H2O (95% CrI, 5.3–16.8) per 1 SD) and SMIP (β = 63.7 (32.2–95.3) pressure time units per 1 SD), clearly indicating an IMT dose response for changes in inspiratory muscle strength. Older age (>50 yr), a longer time postacute COVID-19 (>3 months), and greater severity of dyspnea at baseline were also associated with smaller improvements in inspiratory muscle strength.

Conclusions

Heterogeneous individual responses occurred after an 8-wk home-based IMT program in people with postacute COVID-19 syndrome. Consistent with standard exercise theory, larger improvements in inspiratory muscle strength are strongly related to a greater cumulative dose of IMT.
Early Detection of Brain Metastases in a Supervised Exercise Program for Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: PELAEZ MIREIA , STUIVER MARTIJN M. , BROEKMAN MARIKE , SCHMITZ KATHRYN H. , ZOPF EVA M. , CLAUSS DOROTHEA , WENGSTRÖM YVONNE , ROSENBERGER FRIEDERIKE , STEINDORF KAREN , URRUTICOECHEA ANDER , MAY ANNE M.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Around 25% of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients develop brain metastases, which vastly affects their overall survival and quality of life. According to the current clinical guidelines, regular magnetic resonance imaging screening is not recommended unless patients have recognized central nervous system–related symptoms.

Patient Presentation

The patient participated in the EFFECT study, a randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of a 9-month structured, individualized and supervised exercise intervention on quality of life, fatigue and other cancer and treatment-related side effects in patients with mBC. She attended the training sessions regularly and was supervised by the same trainer throughout the exercise program. In month 7 of participation, her exercise trainer detected subtle symptoms (e.g., changes in movement pattern, eye movement or balance), which had not been noticed or reported by the patient herself or her family, and which were unlikely to have been detected by the oncologist or other health care providers at that point since symptoms were exercise related. When suspicion of brain metastases was brought to the attention of the oncologist by the exercise trainer, the response was immediate, and led to early detection and treatment of brain metastases.

Conclusion and clinical implications

The brain metastases of this patient were detected earlier due to the recognition of subtle symptoms detected by her exercise trainer and the trust and rapid action by the clinician. The implementation of physical exercise programs for cancer patients requires well-trained professionals who know how to recognize possible alterations in patients and also, good communication between trainers and the medical team to enable the necessary actions to be taken.
Συμβολή στην αξιοπιστία και την ποιότητα ισχύος των δικτύων διανομής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας
Authors: Καραφώτης Παναγιώτης
Published: May 2023

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή συμβάλει στην αξιοπιστία και την ποιότητα ισχύος των δικτύων διανομής (ΔΔ) ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Αρχικά, παρουσιάζονται οι δείκτες που χρησιμοποιούνται για την ποσοτικοποίηση της αξιοπιστίας των ΔΔ και προτείνεται η διαδικασία της επαναδιαμόρφωσης των ΔΔ ως τεχνική βελτίωσης της αξιοπιστίας τους. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, προτείνεται ένα καινοτόμο μοντέλο μεικτού ακέραιου προγραμματισμού με κωνικούς περιορισμούς δεύτερης τάξης για την επαναδιαμόρφωση των ΔΔ με στόχο τη βελτίωση της αξιοπιστίας τους ή/και την ελαχιστοποίηση των απωλειών ισχύος τους. Το μοντέλο αυτό εισάγει μια πρωτότυπη μεθοδολογία για τον υπολογισμό των δεικτών αξιοπιστίας των ΔΔ και, επιπρόσθετα, διαμορφώνεται ως ένα μοντέλο στοχαστικού προγραμματισμού βάσει σεναρίων για να συμπεριλάβει στο εξεταζόμενο πρόβλημα τη μεταβλητότητα του φορτίου και της παραγωγής από ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας. Το μοντέλο εφαρμόζεται σε τυπικά ΔΔ της βιβλιογραφίας και σε πραγματικά ΔΔ. Η αποτελεσματικότητα του μοντέλου αποδεικνύεται μέσω της σύγκρισης των αποτελεσμάτων που προκύπτουν με εκείνα από άλλες μεθόδους της βιβλιογραφίας. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζονται τα τυπικά φαινόμενα ποιότητας ισχύος των ΔΔ, καθώς και οι δείκτες που χρησιμοποιούνται για την ποσοτικοποίηση της ποιότητας ισχύος. Ο Μετασχηματισμός Πακέτων Κυματιδίων (Wavelet Packet Transform – WPT), προκρίνεται έναντι του ευρέως διαδεδομένου Μετασχηματισμού Fourier, για την ανάλυση και την επεξεργασία των σημάτων τάσης και ρεύματος. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, αναπτύσσεται ένα καινοτόμο μοντέλο το οποίο χρησιμοποιεί τον WPT για τον υπολογισμό των δεικτών ποιότητας ισχύος τριφασικών ΔΔ. Επιπρόσθετα, εισάγεται μια καινοτόμα μεθοδολογία για τον υπολογισμό της συμβολής κάθε αρμονικής συνιστώσας τάσης και ρεύματος στην ασυμμετρία των ΔΔ. Το μοντέλο εφαρμόζεται σε δίκτυα προσομοίωσης και σε εργαστηριακή πειραματική διάταξη. Τα αποτελέσματα που προκύπτουν συγκρίνονται με εκείνα του Μετασχηματισμού Fourier και αποδεικνύουν την ανωτερότητα του προτεινόμενου μοντέλου στον υπολογισμό των δεικτών ποιότητας ισχύος των ΔΔ. Εν κατακλείδι, τα προτεινόμενα μοντέλα εισάγουν ένα καινοτόμο πλαίσιο μεθοδολογιών, οι οποίες συμβάλουν στην αξιοπιστία και την ποιότητα ισχύος των ΔΔ.
Mελέτη της διαμόρφωσης και της δυναμικής H-NOX (heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding) επικρατειών και των συμπλόκων τους με σηματοδοτικά μόρια μέσω φασματοσκοπίας NMR
Authors: Μακρυνίτσα Γαρυφαλλιά
Published: May 2023

Το μονοξείδιο του αζώτου (ΝΟ) συμμετέχει στη μετατροπή του GTP προς cGMP. Ο κύριος φυσιολογικός υποδοχέας για το ΝΟ είναι το ένζυμο sGC. Το ένζυμο sGC, είναι ένα ετεροδιμερές και αποτελείται από δύο υπομονάδες: την α1 και τη β1. Στο αμινοτελικό άκρο της β1 υπομονάδας εντοπίζεται ο Η-ΝΟΧ τομέας, ο οποίος φέρει ένα μόρι αίμης και είναι υπεύθυνος για την αναγνώριση και την πρόσδεση του ΝΟ. Η α1 υπομονάδα δεν φέρει Η-ΝΟΧ ή αντίστοιχο τομέα. Το ΝΟ προσδένεται στο Fe επάγοντας ηλεκτρονιακές και διαμορφωτικές αλλαγές, οι οποίες οδηγούν στη μετάδοση του σήματος από τον Η-ΝΟΧ στον καταλυτικό τομέα, με αποτέλεσμα την ενεργοποίηση του ενζύμου. Δυσλειτουργία του σηματοδοτικού μονοπατιού NO/sGC/cGMP έχει συσχετιστεί με παθολογικές καταστάσεις όπως υπέρταση και καρδιακή ανεπάρκεια. Χαμηλή βιοδιαθεσιμότητα του ΝΟ αναστέλλει τη λειτουργία του μονοπατιού ενώ με την οξείδωση του Fe, η sGC να χάνει τη λειτουργικότητά της. Συνεπώς, ο Η-ΝΟΧ τομέας αποτελεί φαρμακευτικό στόχο για το σχεδιασμό δραστικών ενώσεων με σκοπό τη ενίσχυση της λειτουργίας του μονοπατιού NO/sGC/cGMP. Δύο κατηγορίες ενώσεων έχουν αναπτυχθεί: οι διεγέρτες, οι οποίοι ενεργοποιούν την sGC σε συνθήκες χαμηλής βιοδιθεσιμότητας NO και οι ενεργοποιητές, οι οποίοι αντικαθιστούν την οξειδωμένη αίμη, επαναφέροντας τη λειτουργία του ενζύμου. Εκτός από τα θηλαστικά, Η-ΝΟΧεπικράτειες έχουν ταυτοποιηθεί και σε βακτήρια. Στην παρούσα διατριβή παρουσίαζεται η μελέτη της διαμόρφωσης τριώνβακτηριακών Η-ΝΟΧ επικρατειών, των Nostoc sp. (Ns H-NOX), Caldanaerobacter subterraneus (Cs H-NOX) και Vibrio cholerae (Vc H-NOX) και του τρόπου αλληλεπίδρασης με διατομικά αέρια και δραστικές ενώσεις. Με τη χρήση φασματοκοπίας NMR περιγράφεται το φαινόμενο διαμορφωτικής ανταλλαγής κατά την αντικατάσταση της αίμης της Ns H-NOX επικράτειας από τους ενεργοποιητές ΒΑΥ 58-2667 και ΒΑΥ 60-2770 με αποτέλεσμα η πρωτεΐνη να αποκτά πιο σταθερή διαμόρφωση, ενώ με τον ίδιο τρόπο προσδιορίζεται ο τρόπος αλληλεπίδρασης του διεγέρτη ΒΑΥ 41-2272 με την Ns H-NOX επικράτεια. Με το συνδυασμό δύο NMR και UV-vis μελετώνται οι διαμορφωτικές και ηλεκτρονιακές αλλαγές, τις οποίες προκαλεί η πρόσδεση του ΝΟ ενώ παράλληλα με πειράματα κατευθυνόμενης μεταλλαξιγένεσης της Ns H-NOX επικράτειας προσδιορίζεται ο τρόπος εισόδου και εξόδου του ΝΟ στο εσωτερικό της πρωτεΐνης ώστε να προσδεθεί στην αίμη. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζεται έκφραση και η απομόνωση των Cs H-NOX και Vc H-NOX επικράτειών με σκοπό τη δομική και λειτουργική τους μελέτη μέσω φασματοσκοπίας NMR.
Η διασυνοριακή συνεργασία στον τομέα της διαχείρισης των υδάτινων πόρων στη Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη
Authors: Μιχαλάτου Πολυξένη
Published: May 2023

Ο ρόλος του νομικού και θεσμικού πλαισίου στη διαμόρφωση συνθηκών συνεργασίας ανάμεσα σε κράτη που μοιράζονται διασυνοριακά ύδατα διερευνάται επιστημονικά για περισσότερο από τέσσερις δεκαετίες. Η συστηματική εμπειρική μελέτη του στην Ευρώπη, και ειδικότερα στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, έχει αναδείξει την ευρύτητα του σκοπού του, την ολοκληρωμένη οικολογική προσέγγιση, τον λεπτομερή σχεδιασμό των δράσεων και τους μηχανισμούς παρακολούθησης της αποτελεσματικότητάς του - πτυχές που έχουν συμβάλλει τόσο στην εμπέδωση όσο και στη βιωσιμότητα ενός καθεστώτος συνεργασίας και υδροπολιτικής ισορροπίας στην περιοχή. Μια σειρά από παράγοντες, ωστόσο, με σημαντικότερη την κλιματική αλλαγή, είναι πλέον σε θέση να διαταράξουν την υδροπολιτική ισορροπία στην Ευρώπη. Στον βαθμό που οι συνέπειες της κλιματικής αλλαγής εκφράζονται και γίνονται σε όλους ορατές μέσα από μια έντονη υδρολογική μεταβλητότητα, καθίσταται προφανές ότι το υφιστάμενο σύστημα διακυβέρνησης των υδάτινων πόρων, που ακόμη στηρίζεται στην επιστημονική υπόθεση της στασιμότητας της κατάστασης των υδάτων, θα πρέπει να επανεκτιμηθεί. Σκοπός αυτής της διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση της ύπαρξης αναντιστοιχίας των στοχεύσεων του υφιστάμενου (διεθνούς, ευρωπαϊκού, διμερούς ή πολυμερούς) νομικού και θεσμικού πλαισίου με την αναδυόμενη υδρολογική πραγματικότητα που δημιουργεί η κλιματική αλλαγή και μια σειρά από άλλες ανθρωπογενείς παρεμβάσεις. Το βασικό ερευνητικό ερώτημα που αποπειράται να απαντήσει, αξιοποιώντας τα ερευνητικά εργαλεία που έχει αναπτύξει ο κλάδος της Υδροπολιτικής, είναι σε ποιο βαθμό η θεσμική κατασκευή της διαχείρισης των υδάτων μπορεί να ανταπεξέλθει και να προσαρμοστεί στις τρέχουσες και αναδυόμενες υδρολογικές και πολιτικές προκλήσεις, σε ένα διασυνοριακό πλαίσιο. Το γεωγραφικό επίκεντρο εντός του οποίου επιχειρείται να απαντηθεί το παραπάνω ερώτημα είναι η περιοχή των νοτίων Βαλκανίων, η οποία γεωπολιτικά εντάσσεται στο ευρύτερο περιβάλλον της νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης. Η ανάλυση εστιάζει στη διασυνοριακή συνεργασία μεταξύ Ελλάδας - Αλβανίας στη διαχείριση των υδάτων του ποταμού Αώου, Ελλάδας - Βουλγαρίας στη διαχείριση των υδάτων των ποταμών Στρυμόνα και Νέστου, μεταξύ Ελλάδας - Βόρειας Μακεδονίας στη διαχείριση των λιμνών των Πρεσπών και του ποταμού Αξιού και Ελλάδας - Βουλγαρίας - Τουρκίας στη λεκάνη του Έβρου. Έχοντας αποτυπώσει τον βαθμό υδροπολιτικής ανθεκτικότητας στην περιοχή, μέσα από την εξακρίβωση των νομικών, θεσμικών και πολιτικών ζητημάτων που δύνανται να ενισχύσουν τους υδροπολιτικούς κινδύνους, η εργασία προχωρεί στη διατύπωση προτάσεων πολιτικής με στόχο την ενίσχυση της συνεργασίας στη διαχείριση των διασυνοριακών υδάτων στη νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη.
The Development of the European Union State Aid Rules in the Energy Sector
Authors: Giannini Eugenia , Makri Evi
Published: May 2023

The present paper presents the developments on the framework that governs the investments on the energy sector, focusing on competition law and the support to renewable energy sources through state aid. The researchers examine the developments of the state aid cases that have been under assessment by the European Commission over the course of the years and particularly, those regarding investments on renewable energy sources (RES) after the announcement of the European Green Deal, in late 2019. In addition to the above, the decisions of the European Commission and its tendency to not raising any severe objections, in general, against such cases of support schemes provided as state aid, are reviewed in parallel to the energy policy of the European Union, as it has been recently shaped in order to promote the increase of the use of RES in the EU Member States. Besides, the increased penetration of RES for the European Union, bares multiple benefits since, apart from playing a key role in the Union’s policy to tackle climate change and its severe consequences, it also contributes in the extended efforts of the EU Member States to minimize their dependence on energy products highly imported from Russia, such as natural gas, in the shadow of the recent war in Ukraine. Under that prism, the present paper provides a coherent and consistent examination of the ways in which state aid can be accepted by the European Commission, within the broader framework of the Competition protection in the EU, as well as the ways in which it can be even considered not to cause any severe distort of competition. The above are mainly concluded in case in which the support provided through such schemes tends to promote the development of activities that serve - on a high degree - the common interest, both on the national and the European level. Thus, the development of renewable energy technologies in the European energy sector and their enhancement towards greening the Union’s energy mix while turning it into a more resilient and independent one, can be considered as such a type of activities, as it will be further analyzed in this paper.
Multiblock Parameter Calibration in Computer Models
Authors: Jeong Cheoljoon , Xu Ziang , Berahas Albert S. , Byon Eunshin , Cetin Kristen
Published: May 2023

Parameter calibration aims to estimate unobservable parameters used in a computer model by using physical process responses and computer model outputs. In the literature, existing studies calibrate all parameters simultaneously using an entire data set. However, in certain applications, some parameters are associated with only a subset of data. For example, in the building energy simulation, cooling (heating) season parameters should be calibrated using data collected during the cooling (heating) season only. This study provides a new multiblock calibration approach that considers such heterogeneity. Unlike existing studies that build emulators for the computer model response, such as the widely used Bayesian calibration approach, we consider multiple loss functions to be minimized, each for a block of parameters that use the corresponding data set, and estimate the parameters using a nonlinear optimization technique. We present the convergence properties under certain conditions and quantify the parameter estimation uncertainties. The superiority of our approach is demonstrated through numerical studies and a real-world building energy simulation case study.

History: Bianca Maria Colosimo served as the senior editor for this article.

Funding: This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation [Grants CMMI-1662553, CMMI-2226348, and CBET-1804321].

Data Ethics & Reproducibility Note: The code capsule is available on Code Ocean at https://codeocean.com/capsule/8623151/tree/v1 and in the e-Companion to this article (available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijds.2023.0029 ).
Resolution of sickle cell crisis following administration of amiodarone
Authors: Silaghi Paul , Eitzman Daniel T.
Published: May 2023

Sickle cell disease is a prevalent hematologic condition, but some of the factors that lead to erythrocyte sickling are not fully known. A 58-year-old male patient with a history of sickle cell disease (SCD) and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was transferred from an outside hospital for further management of refractory sickle cell crisis with acute chest syndrome. Before transfer, the patient received antibiotics and multiple packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions, with minimal effect on symptoms or anemia. After transfer, the patient developed rapid supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (rates >160) with a drop in blood pressure. He was started on IV amiodarone. His heart rate was subsequently better controlled and converted to sinus rhythm the following day. Three days following initiation of amiodarone, the patient, with a hemoglobin count of 6.4 g/dl, required one additional unit of pRBC. On the fourth day, the patient’s hemoglobin count rose to 9.4 g/dl, and he reported a marked improvement in symptoms. The improvements in symptoms and hemoglobin count were sustained, and the patient was discharged two days later. This remarkable improvement in anemia and symptoms triggered a search for potential causes. Amiodarone is a complex drug shown to have effects on multiple cell types, including erythrocytes. A recent preclinical study demonstrated reduced sickling and improved anemia in a murine model of SCD. This case report raises the possibility that amiodarone may have contributed to the rapid improvement in anemia and should be further explored in clinical trials.
COMIDAS – VẼJẼN: ALIMENTAÇÃO NA COMUNIDADE KANHGÁG POR FI GA, SÃO LEOPOLDO
Authors: Amorim Gabriel Chaves
Published: May 2023

A categoria vẽjẽn “comida” aparece para a população Kanhgág com diferentes marcadores sociais: para criança, vẽjẽn gῖr; para velho, vẽjẽn kofá ou classificada como boa, vẽjẽn mỹ rá. Através do trabalho de campo na comunidade Por Fi Ga, localizada em São Leopoldo, sistematizaram-se os momentos junto a uma análise etnológica fazendo uma leitura dos hábitos alimentares. O estudo demonstrou uma relação milenar com gêneros alimentícios não obstante uma constante transformação da memória ambiental, social e geracional, que criaram um espaço alimentar incorporador do novo e preservador de referências. Como resultado, o estudo aponta que a ligação dos moradores das emã si, comunidades pequenas, com as Terras Indígenas, T.I, emã mág, mostra-nos uma ponte que explica a predileção pelo feijão, banha, emi, fuvá e  kumi. Esses são os principais gêneros preparados pelos moradores da Por Fi Ga, mas que também ocorrem em outras localidades, evidenciados aqui como marcadores culturais da interação com o ambiente, sociedade e economia.
AGRICULTURA TRADICIONAL NOS ANDES PERUANOS: RESISTÊNCIA ATRAVÉS DO TRABALHO E DOS ALIMENTOS
Authors: Caballero Indira
Published: May 2023

Nas últimas décadas, produtos industrializados têm sido incorporados nos hábitos alimentares dos andamarquinos que, nem por isso, deixaram de confeccionar e cultivar alimentos localmente. Estes contrastam com os primeiros, por serem naturales e sanos, qualidades que ressoam com o modo de vida predominante desse pacato povoado andino chamado Andamarca (no departamento de Ayacucho, Peru), segundo os próprios moradores, em contraste com os grandes centros urbanos, seus modos de vida e suas dietas. A agricultura andamarquina caracteriza-se por ser manual, de pequena escala, cujo propósito principal é o autoconsumo, privilegiando a presença de milho e alguns tubérculos (batatas, mashuas, ocas, ollucos) na dieta local. O objetivo deste texto é realçar essa atividade agrícola, a partir de uma perspectiva etnográfica, como um modo de vida que resiste às lógicas hegemônicas do capitalismo extrativista.
Financing and Tax Factor in the Agricultural System of Azerbaijan
Authors:   Baku Business University, Girkhlarov E.
Published: May 2023

In Azerbaijan, as in the rest of the world, agriculture is mainly financed from the state budget, and many taxes and other benefits are provided in this area. The main reasons for tax and other benefits in agriculture are to create conditions for the development of this sector in the country, to ensure food security within the country, to minimize imports in this area, and so on. Depending on the factors, serious problems arise and their solution is one of the serious issues facing the state and relevant agencies.
Main Priorities of Development of Canning Industry in Azerbaijan
Authors:   Baku State University, Abbasov V. , Shukurova E. ,   Baku State University
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the role and importance of foreign trade relations in the development of the canning industry in Azerbaijan and the main priorities for its development, applies the method of comparative analysis of the production, import and export potential of canned fruit and vegetables and canned juices, considers arrangements for the implementation of the main directions taken in this area, as well as the share of individual countries in the export of local products, in accordance with the procedure for conducting a regulatory impact assessment in relation to the studying issues. At the same time, the activity of a more efficient agrarian market for the country is studied in order to form the export potential of canning industry products, to create more significant areas for the import-export of canning production, and the studies are carried out to ensure the formation and efficiency of the import-export system.
Potential Areas of Application of the Cluster Approach to Recovery of the Ukrainian Economy
Authors:   National Aviation University, Grytsenko S. , Hrechkovska A. ,   National Aviation University, Kordyak M. ,   National Aviation University
Published: May 2023

The article defines the essence, principles of the cluster approach and its advantages in the context of economic recovery. An analysis of the experience of applying the cluster approach in different countries and its correspondence to Ukrainian realities was carried out. The potential areas of application of the cluster approach to the recovery of the Ukrainian economy are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using the cluster model in the conditions of Ukraine are determined and examples of countries where the cluster approach was successfully implemented are given. Mechanisms of state support for clusters and the importance of infrastructure development for the successful implementation of the cluster strategy are substantiated.
A Systematic Approach to the Development of Basic Models of the Behavior of Business Entities and its Harmonization
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Mykytenko V. , Chuprina M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Serhiienko S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: May 2023

The authors have formed and substantiated the basic models of behavior of a plurality of business entities, presented in the form of combined conceptual and analytical model solutions, taking into account both a clear sequence of implementation of organizational, economic and institutional procedures, and economic and psychological factors of choosing which one to use in business practice. Proposed: a) a model of monetary-entrepreneurial (innovative) behavior - it is described by the content of the determining factors for generating monetary signs of the real behavior of business entities, the key factors for generating social adaptability in modern monetary culture and the significance of these factors, factor load factors; b) a model of marketing and investment behavior, detailed according to a binary set of principles for implementing new models of investment and marketing behavior; c) model of adaptive-cavernous cognitive behavior - identified by the triad of principles of adaptive, cavernous and cognitive behavior. A closed scheme of formalization, in five stages, has been developed for choosing one of the three combined basic models of behavior of business entities, which is carried out in phases: identification of prerequisites for choice in a certain space and time; description of initial model solutions and determination of objective functions; implementation of a closed loop for choosing a basic behavior model.
Corporate Culture of the Enterprise: Essence, Models, Types
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Chernukh D.
Published: May 2023

The problems of the development of the corporate culture of enterprises are becoming more and more relevant in modern business conditions. In this regard, the terminological apparatus regarding the essence and content of the definition of “corporate culture” needs further scientific research. This, in turn, will make it possible to single out the object properties and features of the transformation of the corporate culture of transport and logistics enterprises and will provide a basis for determining indicators for assessing the level of its development. The analysis of the literature on management and the theory of organizations shows that there is no single scientific approach to the interpretation of the concept of “corporate culture”. It was established that foreign and domestic scientists use different terms to define the semantic meaning of this category, namely: organizational culture, organizational culture, organizational climate, corporate commitment, organizational health. For the most part, researchers understand corporate culture as: the way of thinking of the company's personnel, which has become a habit and has become a tradition; a method of action shared by all employees of the enterprise; set of beliefs and expectations; acquired semantic systems capable of creating a cultural space; philosophical and ideological ideas, values, symbols, myths, beliefs, expectations and norms; certain positions, points of view, manners of behaviour; a dynamic system of rules followed by all company employees; integral characteristics of the company, etc. Existing scientific approaches are conditionally systematized according to the following groups: functional, psychological, normative approaches. As a result of the generalization of theoretical approaches to the use of the appropriate conceptual and categorical apparatus, the definition and content of the formulation of the category “corporate culture” have been clarified, which allows us to consider it as a system of values, certain convictions, beliefs, ideas, expectations, symbols, as well as operating principles, norms of behaviour, traditions, rituals, etc., which have developed over a certain period of time at the enterprise or in its divisions in the course of activity and are accepted by the majority of employees.