bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression and anxiety among school-going adolescents in Indian Kashmir valley during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jeelani Asif , Dkhar Sabira Aalia , Quansar Ruqia , Khan S. M. Salim
Published: March 2022

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to severe disruption in routine activities, significant mortality and morbidity. Adolescents are particularly prone to mental health issues. The present study aims to estimate prevalence of depression and anxiety and its determinants among school-going adolescents in Kashmir valley of India.

Results

The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents and Generalised Anxiety Disorder questionnaire were used to screen for depression and anxiety among school-going adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years during January and February 2021. Out of the 439 adolescents who had responded, 426 (97.03%) were included in final analysis. The adolescents had a mean age of 17.5 + 1.26 years and comprised of 57% males. The overall prevalence of depression was 16% and was associated with a past history of COVID-19 infection. Anxiety was present in 20% of adolescents. The prevalence was 14% for boys and 27.5% for girls. On logistic regression, anxiety was associated with female gender, past history of personal COVID-19 infection, history of COVID-19 diagnosis in family and hospital admission due to COVID-19 in family.

Conclusions

Anxiety and depression are major public health problems among adolescents. The high burden estimated in our study highlights the need for immediate action to support adolescents particularly those with a self/family history of COVID-19.
A pictorial review of imaging manifestations of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis–emerging threat in COVID pandemic
Authors: Aggarwal Ankita , Raj Nishu , Bhardwaj Krishna , Misra Ritu Nair , Malik Amita , Bajaj Sunil
Published: March 2022

Mucormycosis is an aggressive invasive fungal infection caused by mycocetes fungi. It is an opportunistic infection, associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the current era of COVID-19 pandemic, the entire world has witnessed a dramatic upsurge in cases of Mucormycosis. Paranasal sinuses are the commonest site to be affected with the tendency for rapid spread to orbit, face, and brain. Early diagnosis and prompt medical or surgical intervention are the only ways for preventing morbidity and saving precious lives. Imaging plays a crucial role not only in diagnosis but also in defining the extent of the disease for presurgical mapping. Black turbinate sign in the nasal cavity, mucosal thickening in paranasal sinuses with periantral invasion, and bony erosion are the early diagnostic signs. This pictorial review shall provide a comprehensive review of the various imaging manifestations of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis with a final proposed reporting checklist.
Congenital perineal defect with rectal duplication and extreme hypospadias—a rare association
Authors: Arora Mrinal , Zargar Noor Ullah , Krishna Anurag
Published: March 2022

Background

Congenital perineal hernia is an extremely rare entity with only 10 cases having been reported in literature. We report a newborn with exposed bowel loops coming out through a defect in the perineum to the right of the median raphe and propose the term perineoschisis for this abnormality. The exposed bowel loops were a sequestered segment of colon. The baby also had extreme perineal hypospadias and left undescended testis.

Case presentation

A term neonate, born of caesarean section, was noted at birth to have exposed bowel loops visible in the perineum. The bowel loops were not covered by any membrane. To avoid injury to the exposed bowel loops and setting in of infection, the baby was taken up for emergency surgery. At laparotomy, the bowel loops were traced from duodeno–jejunal junction to ileocecal junction and sigmoid colon and rectum. No loops were seen herniating outside from the abdomen through the perineum opening. The extruded bowel loops were sequestered and ending blindly close to the rectum. The sequestered bowel loops were excised completely and perineum reconstruction was done.

Conclusion

The extruded bowel loops would appear to be a form of colonic duplication with the duplicated colonic loops herniating outside through an opening in the perineum. Since the bowel loops were lying to the right of median raphe and were not covered by hernia sac or any other membrane we propose the term perineoschisis for this abnormality. The baby also had extreme hypospadias with a perineal meatus, bifid scrotum and penoscrotal transposition. This association of herniated duplicated colon with extreme hypospadias is hitherto unreported to the best of our knowledge.
Synergistic power of genomic selection, assisted reproductive technologies, and gene editing to drive genetic improvement of cattle
Authors: Mueller Maci L. , Van Eenennaam Alison L.
Published: March 2022

Genetic improvement of cattle around the globe has been, and will continue to be, an important driver of animal agriculture sustainability. There are several reproductive and molecular biotechnologies that are used in genetic improvement of cattle, and their impact on the rate of genetic progress is maximized when combined synergistically in a structured breeding program with a clear breeding objective. One of the most recently developed and increasingly popular tools, gene editing, allows animal breeders to precisely add, delete, or replace letters in the genetic code so as to influence a specific trait of interest (e.g., disease resistance), in as little as one generation. However, for gene editing to be an important factor for genetic improvement, it must integrate smoothly into conventional cattle breeding programs to maintain or accelerate rates of genetic gain. This review first summarizes the current state of key reproductive and molecular biotechnologies available for the genetic improvement of cattle, and then discusses potential strategies for effectively incorporating gene editing into cattle genetic improvement programs and methods for disseminating traits improved via gene editing. Moreover, it examines how genetic improvement strategies, including the use of gene editing, will differ depending on the cattle industry sector (i.e., dairy or beef), and the region of the world in which they are being deployed.
Association Between Aspirin Use and Sepsis Outcomes: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Hsu Wan-Ting , Porta Lorenzo , Chang I-Jing , Dao Quynh-Lan , Tehrani Babak M. , Hsu Tzu-Chun , Lee Chien-Chang
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:

Aspirin has anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activities and directly inhibits bacterial growth. These effects of aspirin may improve survival in patients with sepsis. We retrospectively reviewed a large national health database to test the relationship between prehospital aspirin use and sepsis outcomes.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan from 2001 to 2011 to examine the relationship between aspirin use before hospital admission and sepsis outcomes. The association between aspirin use and 90-day mortality in sepsis patients was determined using logistic regression models and weighting patients by the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with the propensity score. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for each IPTW cohort were plotted for 90-day mortality. For sensitivity analyses, restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) were calculated based on Kaplan-Meier curves with 3-way IPTW analysis comparing current use, past use, and nonuse.

RESULTS:

Of 52,982 patients with sepsis, 12,776 took aspirin before hospital admission (users), while 39,081 did not take any antiplatelet agents including aspirin before hospital admission (nonusers). After IPTW analysis, we found that when compared to nonusers, patients who were taking aspirin within 90 days before sepsis onset had a lower 90-day mortality rate (IPTW odds ratio [OR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–0.93; P < .0001). Based on IPTW RMST analysis, nonusers had an average survival of 71.75 days, while current aspirin users had an average survival of 73.12 days. The difference in mean survival time was 1.37 days (95% CI, 0.50–2.24; P = .002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Aspirin therapy before hospital admission is associated with a reduced 90-day mortality in sepsis patients.
Continuous Titration of Inspired Oxygen Using Oxygen Reserve Index to Decrease Oxygen Exposure During One-Lung Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Mikyung , Kim Jie Ae , Ahn Hyun Joo , Choi Young Soo , Park MiHye , Jeong Heejoon , Kim Keoungah , Lee Nam Young
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:

A high fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio
2) is administered during one-lung ventilation (OLV). However, a high Fio
2 is not physiologic and may lead to various complications. We hypothesized that continuous titration of Fio
2 using the oxygen reserve index (ORI) reduces oxygen exposure compared to conventional management during OLV.

METHODS:

In this randomized, double-blinded trial, patients undergoing thoracic surgery were assigned to an ORI (n = 64) or a control group (n = 60). In the ORI group, ORI was continuously displayed using multiwavelength pulse co-oximetry (Masimo) between 0 and 1 (0, no reserve; 1, maximum reserve), and Fio
2 was titrated for a target ORI of 0.21 at 5-minute intervals during OLV. In the control group, Fio
2 was adjusted using arterial blood gas analysis measured at 15 minutes after OLV initiation. The primary end point was the time-weighted average Fio
2 during OLV.

RESULTS:

Overall, time-weighted average Fio
2 did not differ between the groups (control versus ORI: median [interquartile range], 0.87 [0.73–1.00] vs 0.82 [0.68–0.93]; P = .09). However, in a subgroup analysis, the ORI group reduced time-weighted average Fio
2 after pulmonary vascular ligation compared to the control group (control versus ORI: median [interquartile range], 0.75 [0.70–1.00] vs 0.72 [0.59–0.89]; P = .0261). The incidence of intraoperative hypoxia (arterial oxygen saturation [Spo
2] <94%; control versus ORI: 32% [19/60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 20–45] vs 19% [12/64; 95% CI, 10–31]; P = .09), and postoperative complications within the first 7 days did not differ between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

ORI-guided continuous Fio
2 titration does not reduce overall oxygen exposure during OLV.
Competing Effects on the Average Age of Infant Death
Authors: Alexander Monica , Root Leslie
Published: March 2022

In recent decades, the relationship between the average length of life for those who die in the first year of life—the life table quantity a10—and the level of infant mortality, on which its calculation is often based, has broken down. The very low levels of infant mortality in the developed world correspond to a range of a10 quantities. We illustrate the competing effect of falling mortality and reduction in preterm births on a10 through two populations with very different levels of premature birth—infants born to non-Hispanic White mothers and infants born to non-Hispanic Black mothers in the United States—using linked birth and infant death cohort data. Through simulation, we further demonstrate that falling mortality reduces a10, while a reduction in premature births increases it. We use these observations to motivate the formulation of a new approximation formula for a10 in low-mortality contexts, which aims to incorporate differences in preterm birth through a proxy measure—the ratio of infant to under-five mortality. Models are built and tested using data from the Human Mortality Database. Model results and validation show that the newly proposed model outperforms existing alternatives.
Working on the Myth of the Anthropocene: Blumenberg and the Need for Philosophical Anthropology
Authors: Pavesich Vida
Published: March 2022

The Anthropocene concept emerged from questions raised by scientists about whether human activity has ushered in a new and perilous geological age. The term migrated into the humanities and social sciences and now involves a proliferation of metanarratives about anthropogenic disruptions to systems that support life on this planet. This article develops an interpretive framework drawn from Hans Blumenberg’s theories of myth and metaphor, philosophical anthropology, and philosophy of history to address how Immanuel Kant’s fourth question, “What is the human being?,” has reemerged in the Anthropocene, and to assess which narratives tend to best reflect realistic responses to the current crisis. In contrast to the mythical species-subject Anthropos, Blumenberg’s minimal anthropology characterizes humans as having a permanent bioanthropological need for orientation that requires cultural compensation, including partial reliance on metaphor and myth. As an interpretive optic, this anthropology has the resources to deflate narrative excess. In addition, Blumenberg’s philosophy of history can shed light on how the Anthropocene is both unprecedented yet not entirely new insofar as it addresses problems or questions suppressed by modernist progress myths. Through the prism of a minimal anthropology and an application of Blumenberg’s philosophy of history, this article explores those questions and presents criteria for distinguishing between harmless narratives and unrealistic, dangerous myths, such as ecomodernist fantasies of controlling the Earth system.
In Memory of Ernst Cassirer: Speech Delivered in Acceptance of the Kuno Fischer Prize of the University of Heidelberg, 1974
Authors: Blumenberg Hans , Kroll Joe Paul
Published: March 2022

On the occasion of receiving a prize first awarded to Ernst Cassirer (1874–1945), Hans Blumenberg assesses Cassirer’s legacy and influence. Blumenberg underlines Cassirer’s contribution to epistemology in the neo-Kantian tradition as well as his pioneering work in the history of ideas before discussing how his celebrated Philosophy of Symbolic Forms led Cassirer to reappraise the problem of history more generally. Blumenberg reads Cassirer as having tried to establish the independence of history with regard to the imperatives of the present and from this derives a defense of his own idea of historicism, which Blumenberg understands as the claim to equal consideration by historians on the part of those eras, peoples, and subjects that may not serve present interests. Historians must be aware of the contingency of their own position and preserve the memory even of those aspects of humanity that fail to meet their criteria of progress.
A dog model for centronuclear myopathy carrying the most common DNM2 mutation
Authors: Böhm Johann , Barthélémy Inès , Landwerlin Charlène , Blanchard-Gutton Nicolas , Relaix Frédéric , Blot Stéphane , Laporte Jocelyn , Tiret Laurent
Published: March 2022

Mutations in DNM2 cause autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy (ADCNM), a rare disease characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and structural anomalies of the myofibres, including nuclear centralization and mitochondrial mispositioning. Following the clinical report of a Border Collie male with exercise intolerance and histopathological hallmarks of CNM on the muscle biopsy, we identified the c.1393C>T (R465W) mutation in DNM2, corresponding to the most common ADCNM mutation in humans. In order to establish a large animal model for longitudinal and preclinical studies on the muscle disorder, we collected sperm samples from the Border Collie male and generated a dog cohort for subsequent clinical, genetic and histological investigations. Four of the five offspring carried the DNM2 mutation and showed muscle atrophy and a mildly impaired gait. Morphological examinations of transverse muscle sections revealed CNM-typical fibres with centralized nuclei and remodelling of the mitochondrial network. Overall, the DNM2-CNM dog represents a faithful animal model for the human disorder, allows the investigation of ADCNM disease progression, and constitutes a valuable complementary tool to validate innovative therapies established in mice.
Understanding and drugging RAS: 40 years to break the tip of the iceberg
Authors: Brady Donita C. , Hmeljak Julija , Dar Arvin C.
Published: March 2022

Several cancers and rare genetic diseases are caused by dysregulation in the RAS signaling pathway. RAS proteins serve as molecular switches that regulate pathways involved in cellular growth, differentiation and survival. These pathways have been an intense area of investigation for four decades, since the initial identification of somatic RAS mutations linked to human cancers. In the past few years, inhibitors against several RAS effectors, as well as direct inhibitors of the K-RAS mutant G12C, have been developed. This Special Issue in DMM includes original Research articles on RAS-driven cancers and RASopathies. The articles provide insights into mechanisms and biomarkers, and evaluate therapeutic targets. Several articles also present new disease models, whereas others describe technologies or approaches to evaluate the function of RAS in vivo. The collection also includes a series of Review articles on RAS biology and translational aspects of defining and treating RAS-driven diseases. In this Editorial, we summarize this collection and discuss the potential impact of the articles within this evolving area of research. We also identify areas of growth and possible future developments.
Considerations for Athletes with Eating Disorders Based on Levels of Care
Authors: Flatt Rachael E. , Miller Alexandra J. , Foreman Tonya , Shannon Jeni
Published: March 2022

This article provides an overview of levels of care for eating disorders (EDs) and considerations that are specific to elite athletes. We discuss the following levels of care in terms of ED pathology and treatment aspects that may be unique to athletes: 1) inpatient and residential care, 2) intensive outpatient and partial hospitalization treatment, and 3) outpatient. Illustrative case studies also are presented to highlight distinctions between levels of care and athlete-specific nuances to treatment approaches and health care teams. Finally, we review aspects of return to play plans for elite athletes with EDs.
Υβριδικά νανοσωματίδια χρυσού και οξειδίου του σιδήρου με ιατροφαρμακευτικές εφαρμογές
Authors: Θεοδοσίου Μαρία
Published: March 2022

Σκοπός της παρούσας ερευνητικής διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η σύνθεση, ο χαρακτηρισμός και η βιολογική αξιολόγηση μεταλλικών και υβριδικών νανοδομών για πιθανές ιατροφαρμακευτικές εφαρμογές στη θεραπεία και διάγνωση του καρκίνου. Η συνολική έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε, διακρίνεται σε πέντε διαφορετικές ενότητες.Στην πρώτη ενότητα, συντέθηκαν επιτυχώς αιματολογικά συμβατά νανοσωματίδια χρυσού, παρουσία 17 διαφορετικών L-αμινοξέων, τα οποία λειτουργούν ταυτόχρονα ως αναγωγικά μέσα και επιφανειακοί τροποποιητές. Στη δεύτερη ενότητα, πραγματοποιήθηκε σύνθεση pH-ευαίσθητων πολυμερικών νανοδοχείων με ενσωματωμένα να-νοσωματίδια χρυσού. Οι νανοδομές αυτές λειτουργούν ταυτόχρονα ως σύστημα μετα-φοράς και εκλεκτικής αποδέσμευσης του αντικαρκινικού φαρμάκου Δοξορουβικίνη, κατά του καρκίνου του μαστού, με ταυτόχρονη απεικονιστική ικανότητα, λόγω αυτό-φθορισμού.Στις επόμενες τρεις ενότητες συντέθηκαν διαφορετικών μεγεθών νανολουλούδια οξειδίου του σιδήρου, τα οποία μελετήθηκαν ενδελεχώς ως προς τις μαγνητοθερμικές τους ιδιότητες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στην τρίτη ενότητα, συντέθηκαν θερμοευαίσθητα φθορίζο-ντα μαγνητολιποσώματα με τα μεγαλύτερου μεγέθους νανολουλούδια οξειδίου του σιδήρου. Τα νανολιποσώματα μελετήθηκαν ως προς την απεικονιστική τους ισχύ και η την ικανότητά τους να επάγουν κυτταρικό θάνατο, στην πάθηση του πνευμονικού αδε-νοκαρκινώματος, μέσω μαγνητικής υπερθερμίας. Στην τέταρτη ενότητα, συντέθηκαν αιματολογικά συμβατά μαγνητολιποσώματα με τα μικρότερου μεγέθους νανολουλούδια, παρουσία του υπολιπιδεμικού φαρμάκου Ατορβαστατίνη για τη θεραπεία της αθηρωμάτωσης, σχετιζόμενης με τον καρκίνο. Στην πέμπτη και τελευταία ενότητα, μελε-τήθηκαν διαφορετικές συνθετικές παράμετροι για την επιτυχή επικάλυψη νανολουλουδιών οξειδίου του σιδήρου με χρυσό. Το διμεταλλικό σύστημα που συντέθηκε εμφανίζει εξαιρετική μαγνητοθερμική απόκριση και ικανότητα αυτό-φθορισμού, καθιστώντας το ικανό θεραγνωστικό παράγοντα.
Διδακτικά σενάρια στο γλωσσικό μάθημα του δημοτικού σχολείου
Authors: Γιαννοπούλου Ιωάννα-Δάφνη
Published: March 2022

Το διδακτικό σενάριο είναι η βασική διδακτική προσέγγιση που συνιστάται από το Πρόγραμμα Σπουδών (2011) στο μάθημα της Γλώσσας. Βασικά χαρακτηριστικά του είναι η καλλιέργεια του κριτικού γραμματισμού, η αξιοποίηση των ποικίλων σημειωτικών μέσων (πολυτροπικότητα) των κειμένων, καθώς και των δυνατοτήτων που προσφέρουν οι νέες τεχνολογίες (ψηφιακός γραμματισμός) σε συνδυασμό με την κειμενοκεντρική προσέγγιση. Με δεδομένο τον περιορισμένο βαθμό σχεδιασμού και υλοποίησης διδακτικών σεναρίων, στο πλαίσιο της έρευνας της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής δημιουργήθηκαν έξι διδακτικά σενάρια στο μάθημα της Γλώσσας, ένα διδακτικό σενάριο για την κάθε τάξη του δημοτικού σχολείου (Α΄, Β΄, Γ΄, Δ΄, Ε΄, Στ΄) με κοινό θέμα για όλες τις τάξεις. Τα διδακτικά σενάρια εφαρμόστηκαν σε ένα σχολείο αγροτικής περιοχής από την ερευνήτρια και τους εκπαιδευτικούς του σχολείου. Τα αποτελέσματα της υλοποίησης (προφορικές και γραπτές απαντήσεις των μαθητών, σχολιασμός της εφαρμογής από τους εκπαιδευτικούς) συλλέχθηκαν και εξετάστηκαν. Σε γενικές γραμμές η εφαρμογή των διδακτικών σεναρίων προσέλκυσε το ενδιαφέρον των μαθητών και διευκόλυνε την επίτευξη των διδακτικών στόχων. Επιπλέον, τα διδακτικά σενάρια αποτέλεσαν για τους εκπαιδευτικούς του συγκεκριμένου σχολείου έναν εναλλακτικό τρόπο διδακτικής προσέγγισης στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία και ήταν θετικοί ως προς τη μελλοντική δημιουργία δικών τους διδακτικών σεναρίων στο μάθημα της Γλώσσας.
Ο αυτοσχεδιασμός με επαφή (contact improvisation) στην Ελλάδα ως σωματοποιημένη πρακτική
Authors: Νικολοπούλου Παναγιώτα
Published: March 2022

Ο αυτοσχεδιασμός με επαφή (Contact Improvisation-CI), ως μεταμοντέρνος χορός προερχόμενος από τα απελευθερωτικά κινήματα της εποχής του 1960-1970 στην Αμερική, αμφισβήτησε τον χορό ως αναπαραστατική τέχνη, τον πρόβαλλε ως υποκειμενική και μεταβαλλόμενη διαδικασία τοποθετώντας το ανθρώπινο σώμα και την κιναισθητική του εμπειρία στην ουσία του φαινομένου του χορού. Η φύση αυτή της πρακτικής υποστηρίζεται από το φαινομενολογικό παράδειγμα της σωματοποίησης, η οποία, ανατρέποντας τους κυρίαρχους δυϊσμούς, συνδέει την υλικότητα του σώματος με το πεδίο των βιωμένων εμπειριών του και με τις συνέπειες που ασκεί πάνω του η κοινωνική σφαίρα. Αν και διατυπωμένη από τις αρχές του 20ού αιώνα, η σωματοποίηση, σήμερα, έχει εμπλουτιστεί και ενδυναμωθεί ως θεωρία από τη σωματοποιημένη κοινωνιολογία και την ενσώματη νόηση της νευροφαινομενολογίας προτείνοντας στον χορό μια νέα αισθητική. Στην Ελλάδα ειδικότερα, παρόλο που ο αυτοσχεδιασμός με επαφή (CI) έχει παρουσία για περισσότερα από τριάντα χρόνια, από την ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας διαπιστώθηκε ότι δεν έχει μέχρι σήμερα μελετηθεί. Το ερευνητικό αυτό κενό διαμόρφωσε και τον σκοπό της παρούσας μελέτης. Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να μελετήσει το χορευτικό φαινόμενο του αυτοσχεδιασμού με επαφή (Contact Improvisation-CI) στην Ελλάδα ως μια συγκεκριμένη χωροχρονική σωματική πρακτική που ενέχει ιδεολογία και έχει καλλιτεχνική δημιουργία και σκηνική παρουσίαση υπό τους όρους της σύγχρονης σωματοποιημένης φαινομενολογίας, καθώς και να αναδείξει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο εμφανίστηκε, εφαρμόστηκε και εξελίχθηκε στην Ελλάδα σε σχέση με τη διεθνή πρακτική. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε με βάση την εθνογραφική και φαινομενολογική έρευνα στον χορό, και βασίστηκε στη χρήση πρωτογενών και δευτερογενών πηγών. Οι πρωτογενείς πηγές αφορούσαν στα δεδομένα που συλλέχτηκαν από συνεντεύξεις Ελλήνων και ξένων καλλιτεχνών που εφαρμόζουν την πρακτική στην Ελλάδα και από τη συμμετοχική παρατήρηση της ερευνήτριας, ενώ οι δευτερογενείς από αρχειακό υλικό. Η ερμηνεία και ανάλυση των δεδομένων ακολούθησε τη σύγχρονη θεωρητική οπτική της σωματοποίησης. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι ο αυτοσχεδιασμός με επαφή έχει όντως σταθερή παρουσία στην ελληνική χορευτική σκηνή από το 1989 έως τις μέρες μας συντασσόμενος, σε μεγάλο βαθμό, με τα διεθνή δεδομένα. Ωστόσο, η παρουσία του στην Ελλάδα συνδέεται με συγκεκριμένους καλλιτέχνες, οι οποίοι, με προσωπικό κόπο και κόστος, ανέπτυξαν τη συγκεκριμένη χορευτική πρακτική στη χώρα μας με βάση τόσο την προσωπικότητά τους όσο και τα ελληνικά συμφραζόμενα. Σε κάθε όμως περίπτωση, οι επιμέρους και ιδιαίτερες αυτές προσεγγίσεις των Ελλήνων καλλιτεχνών ιστορικά, ιδεολογικά και καλλιτεχνικά υποστηρίζονται από το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο αυτής της πρακτικής με βάση τη θεωρία της σωματοποίησης.
Από την πραγματικότητα στην αλήθεια
Authors: Λυκουργιώτη Ασπασία
Published: March 2022

Το 1968 είναι μια συμβολική ημερομηνία για τα μοντέρνα καλλιτεχνικά και πολιτικά κινήματα. Η εκζήτηση του αληθινού - του μη υποκριτικού και κατασκευασμένου - στις αναπαραστάσεις της καθημερινότητας, που τίθεται από τα πολιτικά κινήματα της εποχής (τα οποία ζητούν τη δημοσιοποίηση και πολιτικοποίηση του αληθινού προσωπικού βιώματος έναντι των κατασκευασμένων και επιβεβλημένων κοινωνικών ρόλων), έρχεται να συναντήσει την εκζήτηση του αληθινού στις καλλιτεχνικές αναπαραστάσεις. Η επιρροή της συγκεκριμένης κοινωνικοπολιτικής πρακτικής στην τέχνη έχει ως αποτέλεσμα και τη συχνή άρση του διαχωρισμού τέχνης – πραγματικής ζωής εντός του έργου τέχνης. Δεν μπορεί κανείς πάντα εύκολα να ξεχωρίσει στη μοντέρνα τέχνη τι είναι καλλιτεχνικά και τι πραγματικά κατασκευασμένο, αλλά και τι δεν επιδέχεται κατασκευής και στα δύο πεδία και προβάλλει τελικά ως αληθινό. Αυτή η πρακτική του μοντερνισμού βρίσκει μία από τις πιο ενδιαφέρουσες εκδοχές της στο πρόσωπο του κινηματογραφικού ηθοποιού, που καλείται να χρησιμοποιεί τον αληθινό του εαυτό κατά την ερμηνεία ενός ρόλου.
Ο αποκλεισμός του οικονομικού φορέα στις δημόσιες συμβάσεις
Authors: Βλάχου Ευαγγελία
Published: March 2022

Η διατριβή έχει ως αντικείμενο την έρευνα των σχετικών κανόνων δικαίου που τίθενται για τον αποκλεισμό ενός οικονομικού φορέα κατά τη διαδικασία σύναψης μιας δημόσιας σύμβασης σε διεθνές, ευρωπαϊκό και εθνικό επίπεδο, περιλαμβάνοντας ιδίως συγκριτική επισκόπηση μεταξύ κανόνων του θεσμικού πλαισίου των Η.Π.Α, της Παγκόσμιας Τράπεζας και του ενωσιακού πλαισίου, με βάση τις διατάξεις της Οδηγίας 2014/24/ΕΕ και τις διατάξεις του ν. 4412/2016 που αποτελεί το εθνικό πλαίσιο για τις δημόσιες συμβάσεις. Στην μελέτη και ανάλυση των κανόνων των διαφορετικών δικαιϊκών συστημάτων αναδεικνύονται οι σημαντικές κανονιστικές ρυθμίσεις των κρατών μελών που αφορούν τόσο σε επίπεδο θεσμικής οργάνωσης των κανόνων αποκλεισμού όπως και στον τρόπο εφαρμογής σχετικών διατάξεων των λόγων αποκλεισμού. Η μελέτη των διαφορετικών συστημάτων, ιδίως όσον αφορά τον τρόπο οργάνωσης και εφαρμογής των κανόνων αποκλεισμού, συμβάλλει, με την αξιοποίηση των βέλτιστων πρακτικών που προκύπτουν, στην επιλογή ενός αποτελεσματικού συστήματος, κατάλληλου για την εφαρμογή σε κάθε κράτος, που μπορεί να προσαρμόζει αυτό στις εθνικές ανάγκες και στόχους του. Εστιάζοντας στη κατοχύρωση των ελαχίστων χαρακτηριστικών στον μελλοντικό ανάδοχο της σύμβασης για τη διασφάλιση του ανταγωνισμού, για την προστασία του δημοσίου συμφέροντος και για την επίτευξη συγκεκριμένων δευτερογενών πολιτικών, επιχειρείται η στενή σύνδεση της ανάπτυξης της υγιούς επιχειρηματικότητας ενός οικονομικού φορέα με την ενίσχυση κανόνων επιχειρηματικής ηθικής στο σύστημα εταιρικής διακυβέρνησής του με βασικό εργαλείο τους όρους αποκλεισμού στις δημόσιες συμβάσεις.
Κατιοντικός πολυμερισμός βινυλαιθέρων με χρήση ενεργοποιημένων μεταλλοκενικών συμπλόκων ως απαρχητών
Authors: Ζουγανέλης Σταύρος
Published: March 2022

Στην παρούσα διατριβή πραγματοποιήθηκε μία μελέτη του ομοπολυμερισμού και του συμπολυμερισμού του κανονικού βουτυλο-βινυλαιθέρα και του 2-χλωροαιθυλο-βινυλαιθέρα χρησιμοποιώντας ενεργοποιημένα ζιρκονοκενικά σύμπλοκα ως κατιοντικούς απαρχητές. Στη συνέχεια, τα συμπολυμερή που προέκυψαν χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, μετά από χημική μετατροπή τους, για τη σύνθεση εμβολιασμένων συμπολυμερών. Αρχικά, συντέθηκαν εμβολιασμένα συμπολυμερή με κύρια αλυσίδα πολυ-(βινυλαιθέρων) και κλάδους πολυ-(ε-καπρολακτόνης) (PCL) ή πολυ-(L-λακτιδίου) (PLLA), ακολουθώντας δύο διαφορετικές συνθετικές πορείες. Σύμφωνα με την πρώτη πορεία, οι ομάδες χλωρίου των πολυ-(βινυλαιθέρων) αντικαταστάθηκαν από ομάδες αζιδίου και μέσω χημείας κλικ αντέδρασαν με πολυμερικές αλυσίδες PCL και PLLA, που έφεραν ακραίους τριπλούς δεσμούς (μέθοδος «εμβολιασμού σε»). Εναλλακτικά, οι ομάδες χλωρίου μετατράπηκαν σε υδροξυλομάδες, οι οποίες χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ως απαρχητές για τον Πολυμερισμό Διάνοιξης Δακτυλίου (ROP) της ε-καπρολακτόνης και του L-λακτιδίου (μέθοδος «εμβολιασμού από»). Επιπρόσθετα, οι ομάδες αλογόνων που έφεραν οι πολυ-(βινυλαιθέρες) χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ως απαρχητές Ριζικού Πολυμερισμού Μεταφοράς Ατόμου (ATRP) για τη σύνθεση εμβολιασμένων συμπολυμερών με κλάδους πολυ-(μεθακρυλικού μεθυλεστέρα) (PMMA) και πολυ-(μεθακρυλικού N,N-διμεθυλαμινο-αιθυλεστέρα) (PDMAEMA). Στα εμβολιασμένα συμπολυμερή του PDMAEMA προστέθηκε κατάλληλο φωσφολάνιο, εισάγοντας έτσι ιοντικά δίπολα στη δομή τους. Τέλος, τα πολυμερή μελετήθηκαν με διάφορες τεχνικές χαρακτηρισμού. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν η Χρωματογραφία Αποκλεισμού Μεγεθών (SEC), οι Φασματοσκοπίες Υπερύθρου (IR) και Πυρηνικού Μαγνητικού Συντονισμού (NMR), η Διαφορική Θερμιδομετρία Σάρωσης (DSC), η Θερμοσταθμική ανάλυση (TGA), ο Κυκλικός Διχρωισμός (CD) και η Δυναμική/Στατική Σκέδαση Φωτός (DLS/SLS).
Research avenues for amplifying Indigenous radio
Authors: Moylan Katie
Published: March 2022

In this article, I discuss Indigenous radio’s ongoing importance for tribal communities in the US from my perspective as a settler scholar, drawing on multifaceted research into Indigenous radio’s programme content and production practices before and during the pandemic. For this research, ‘Indigenous radio’ refers to radio produced, managed, presented and/ or owned by tribal communities. Other terms in use to describe Indigenous radio include Native American, Indian, or tribal radio, demonstrating that there is not a single universalising term and reflecting a diversity in tribal cultures, languages and practices more generally. Building on this understanding of the inherent diversity of Indigenous radio, I describe the ways in which my overarching research project investigates Indigenous radio holistically, via critical outputs combining a literature review of Indigenous theoretical approaches, an online interactive map of tribal stations and in-depth case studies of tribal stations. Through these, I explore community-building practices of Indigenous radio as produced through what Indigenous theorists Glen Coulthard and Leanne Betasamosake Simpson (2016) term grounded normativity. Building on this avenue of exploration, I suggest the place-based values embedded in Indigenous radio production practices and content can function as everyday acts of resurgence, following Jeff Corntassel’s (2012) conceptualisation of ways in which Indigenous resurgence can reinforce a project of decolonisation. To exemplify and situate these arguments, I draw on examples of radio production and practitioner insights from selected tribal stations embodying diverse tribal production practices and content, before turning to focus on pandemic practices in Indigenous radio. When the pandemic emerged, my research focus necessarily widened to include and examine COVID-related practices and programming in tribal radio, enabling reflection on these in the context of a paradigm shift in which the value of tribal radio's community-building work has become acute.
Helios.TALK: A decentralised messaging framework that preserves the privacy of users
Authors: Sarridis Ioannis , Gkatziaki Vasiliki , Krasanakis Emmanouil , Giatsoglou Nikos , Sarris Nikos , Papadopoulos Symeon , Kompatsiaris Ioannis
Published: March 2022

Communication via digital means, such as mobile messaging applications (apps), plays an increasingly important role in everyday life. However, most messaging apps employ centralized computing principles that relinquish control of their users' personal data to social network platform providers. Decentralization has been proposed as an alternative that provides trustworthiness and data confidentiality, but this comes at expense of fewer provided features and non-intuitive user experience. To address this issue, we hereby present two interconnected decentralized messaging tools, developed in the scope of the HELIOS platform, which can support new decentralized social networks. The first tool is a framework that supports the development of context-aware decentralized messaging apps in mobile Android devices by organically tying together many of the platform's standalone decentralized operations. The second is a decentralized messaging app, called helios.TALK, that builds on the framework but accommodates additional design considerations from the perspective of end-users.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: BERDNIKOVA A.E. , MONAKO T.P.
Published: March 2022

The relevance of the study is related to the new epidemiological situation in the world. It significantly affects the formation of human capital. The main role in these processes belongs to the higher education system, which simultaneously switched to a distance learning format. The article analyzes the main problems of this process.
THE PANDEMIC AND THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors: MONAKO T.P.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the issue of distance learning, which was sharply introduced into the education system during the pandemic. The application of distance learning to the entire education system has both positive and negative sides. At this point in time, as practice shows, there are much more negative sides.
Distinguishing Homophily from Peer Influence Through Network Representation Learning
Authors: Chen Xi , Liu Yan , Zhang Cheng
Published: March 2022

Peer influence and homophily are two entangled forces underlying social influences. However, distinguishing homophily from peer influence is difficult, particularly when there is latent homophily caused by unobservable features. This paper proposes a novel data-driven framework that combines the advantages of latent homophily identification and causal inference. Specifically, the approach first utilizes scalable network representation learning algorithms to obtain node embeddings, which are extracted from social network structures. Then, the embeddings are used to control latent homophily in a quasi-experimental design for causal inference. The simulation experiments show that the proposed approach can estimate peer influence more accurately than existing parameterized approaches and data-driven methods. We applied the proposed framework in an empirical study of players’ online gaming behaviors. First, our approach can achieve improved model fitness for estimating peer influence in online games. Second, we discover a heterogeneous effect of peer influence: players with higher tenure and playing levels receive stronger peer influence. Finally, our results suggest that the homophily effect has a stronger influence on players’ behavior than peer influence.

Summary of Contribution: The study proposes a novel computational method to separate peer influence from homophily in an online network. Using network embeddings learned from data to control latent homophily, the approach effectively addresses the challenge of correctly identifying peer effects in the absence of randomized experimental conditions. While simplifying the computational process, the method achieves good computational performance, thus effectively helping researchers and practitioners extract useful network information in various online service contexts.
Fleet Sizing and Service Region Partitioning for Same-Day Delivery Systems
Authors: Banerjee Dipayan , Erera Alan L. , Toriello Alejandro
Published: March 2022

We study the linked tactical design problems of fleet sizing and partitioning a service region into vehicle routing zones for same-day delivery (SDD) systems. Existing SDD studies focus primarily on operational dispatch problems and do not consider system design questions. Prior work on SDD system design has not considered the fleet sizing decision when a service region may be partitioned into zones dedicated to individual vehicles; such designs have been shown to improve system efficiency in related vehicle routing settings. Using continuous approximations to capture average-case operational behavior, we consider first the problem of independently maximizing the area of a single-vehicle delivery zone. We characterize area-maximizing dispatching policies and leverage these results to develop a procedure for calculating optimal areas as a function of a zone’s distance from the depot, given a maximum number of daily dispatches per vehicle. We then demonstrate how to derive fleet sizes from optimal area functions and propose an associated Voronoi approach to partition the service region into single-vehicle zones. We test the fleet sizing and partitioning approach in a computational study that considers two different service regions and demonstrate its pragmatism and effectiveness via an operational simulation. Using minimal computation, the approach specifies fleet sizes and builds vehicle delivery zones that meet operational requirements, verified by simulation results.
An exploration of midwives' experiences of the transition to practice in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Cazzini Hazel , Cowman Triona , Fleming Judith , Fletcher Antoinette , Kuriakos Saila , Mulligan Kevin , Healy Niamh
Published: March 2022

Background

Many studies worldwide describe midwives' experiences during their transition from student midwife to qualified midwife. However, research on midwives' experience of transition to practice in the Republic of Ireland has not been published since 2008. This study aimed to explore midwives' experiences of their transition to practice in the Republic of Ireland.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with seven midwives, who commenced their post-registration clinical practice between December 2018 and September 2019.

Results

Midwives described transition to practice as a time when they felt challenged because of increased responsibility and accountability. It was a period of growth because of ‘learning by doing’, where a supportive working environment was paramount.

Conclusions

Newly qualified midwives have considerable need for support yet it appears they do not always receive this support.
Stand and deliver: an integrative review of the evidence around birthing upright
Authors: Irvin Laura , De Leo Annemarie , Davison Clare
Published: March 2022

Background

The benefits of upright birth positions are well-established in the literature, yet women are persistently challenged to assume the lithotomy or supine birth positions. This study aimed to explore what is known about women's capacity to assume upright birth positions in hospital environments, and its effect on physiological birth.

Methods

A structured five-step approach was employed to conduct an integrative review of the literature. The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and MEDLINE were searched for articles on women's position during labour and birth in hospital settings. Four articles were selected for inclusion and subjected to thematic analysis to elicit themes and subthemes.

Results

Three core themes emerged from this review: ‘the biomedical model of care and workplace culture impact the positions women adopt during labour and birth’, ‘midwives' philosophy and views support physiological birth’ and ‘clinical settings are not conducive to physiological birth’.

Conclusions

Midwives are losing the skills and confidence to support women into upright birth positions. Improved education and training around upright birthing may see a rise in women adopting these positions in hospital environments.
Editorial REAe V.4,nº7
Authors: REAe Editoria
Published: March 2022

Editorial REAe
SABERES DA DOCÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: ENFOQUE NAS METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO ATIVAS E NAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Pena Neide , De Lima Coelho Luana
Published: March 2022

Objetiva-se discutir os saberes necessários à docência na educação superior e o papel das metodologias ativas com tecnologias digitais no conjunto de saberes, que foram identificados a partir da revisão sistemática de literatura amparada em Tardif (2014) e Gauthier el al. (2006). Recorreu-se a estudos relacionados às metodologias ativas e tecnologias digitais, com um estudo de campo tipo survey, exploratório-descritivo. Evidencia-se fenômenos importantes relacionados aos saberes da docência e formação com novas perspectivas para a educação. Demonstra-se que as relações estabelecidas  entre professores e alunos e os saberes disciplinares, curriculares e experienciais estão vinculados com as metodologias de ensino e que as tecnologias digitais podem contribuir com trabalho pedagógico e uma formação mais coerente às expectativas dos estudantes e da própria sociedade para que possam ocorrer uma integração de conhecimentos de forma significativa, fundamental para o desenvolvimento de competências autônomas de aprendizagem ao longo da vida, enquanto profissional e cidadão.
POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE REGULAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRA: ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL DO DECRETO 9.235/2017
Authors: Passone Eric , Machado Marcos
Published: March 2022

Este artigo aborda a política pública da educação superior brasileira, com foco na normatização da regulação e supervisão dos cursos de graduação. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar o arcabouço sociojurídico da educação superior que orienta a regulação, a supervisão e a avaliação das Instituições de Educação Superior (IES) no Brasil. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e qualitativo, utilizando-se dos recursos de revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema bem como da técnica de análise documental sistematizada do Decreto nº 9.235, de 15 de dezembro de 2017, que dispõe sobre o exercício das funções de regulação, supervisão e avaliação das Instituições de Educação Superior e dos cursos superiores de graduação no Sistema Federal de Ensino. O desenvolvimento desta pesquisa possibilitou identificar a regulação, como instrumento de gestão empregado na investigação, monitoramento e diagnóstico da educação superior.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DIÁLOGO EM UM FAZER PEDAGÓGICO NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Errerias Bonfietti Priscila , Prodócimo Elaine
Published: March 2022

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre uma sequência de aulas de Educação Física sobre jogos e esportes de rebater, pautadas no conceito de diálogo de Paulo Freire. A experiência foi desenvolvida em 2018 com duas turmas do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola da rede pública municipal do interior do estado de São Paulo. As aulas foram registradas em diários de campo que foram organizados e analisados com base no referencial teórico citado. A relação dialógica entre educador e educando é essencial para que haja escuta das falas e gestos surgidos no desenvolvimento das aulas, que são desencadeadores do processo de aprendizagem. Ademais, os/as professores/as necessitam analisar rigorosa, honesta e constantemente suas práticas pedagógicas para garantir o seu aperfeiçoamento.
O QUE VALE SER CRIANÇA SE NOS FALTA INFÂNCIA? UM DIÁLOGO SONHADO ENTRE PAULO FREIRE E MIA COUTO
Authors: Kohan Walter Omar
Published: March 2022

Neste texto, propomos um diálogo imaginado entre Mia Couto e Paulo Freire a respeito do tempo da infância e da relação com a infância que afirmamos na educação de pessoas de todas as idades. Trabalhamos com o conto “O rio de quatro luzes” (Mia Couto) e trechos de “A partir da infância” (Paulo Freire e Sérgio Guimarães) para pensar no vazio que a adultez nos coloca a partir de uma experiência temporal apressada e produtivista e o esquecimento da experiência temporal infantil, o que, no limite, nos leva à desesperança, a não mais sonhar, a não mais brincar, dentro e fora das práticas educacionais.
PEDAGOGIA DA PAZ: UMA PROPOSTA DIALÓGICA
Authors: Gaidargi Alessandra Martins
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo traz a proposta da Pedagogia da Paz alicerçada nos conceitos de Paulo Freire sobre o diálogo e a justipaz, resultante de pesquisa de pós-doutorado acerca de culturas de paz e educação a partir dos princípios freirianos, realizada entre 2019 e 2020. A Pedagogia da Paz é composta pelas exigências nas relações entre homens e mulheres no mundo e na escola para que possam alcançar um estado de paz em movimento permanente, capaz de transformação de sujeitos no caminho da emancipação, conscientização e libertação. Dividido entre o conceito das relações de paz, as relações de paz na escola e as relações de paz entre os educadores, este estudo busca lançar luz sobre as possibilidades de promoção de paz dialógica na educação, onde meninos e meninas, homens e mulheres, possam estar sendo em paz enquanto, em comunhão, recriam o mundo a partir da educação.
AS CRIANÇAS, O QUINTAL E O MUNDO: DIÁLOGOS DE PAULO FREIRE SOBRE A INFÂNCIA
Authors: Teixeira Silva Elenice de Brito , Ferreira da Silva Adelson
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo analisa alguns diálogos de Paulo Freire sobre ser criança, tendo em vista a infância enquanto categoria ontológica, expressa na sua concepção de ser no mundo. Destaca alguns princípios para o campo de estudos da Educação infantil, notadamente, aqueles com ênfase na questão da alteridade, da curiosidade e do cuidado. Problematiza possíveis implicações epistemológicas da sua concepção de ser no mundo, como pressuposto para a constituição da intersubjetividade nas Pedagogias da infância. Tem como objetivo, portanto, examinar algumas reflexões de Paulo Feire sobre sua própria infância, como perspectiva para pensar a inserção social e os processos de constituição da consciência de nossa humanidade, supondo que, a singularidade presente na sua narrativa autobiográfica, inspira a valorização de outras singularidades presentes na infância de cada criança que, com seus quintais e, também, com seus não-quintais, são seres no mundo em processos de transformação.
The entanglement of employers and political elites in migration policymaking: the case of Brexit and the revival of UK horticulture’s guestworker scheme
Authors: Scott Sam
Published: March 2022

Background:

Following Brexit, and the ending of freedom of movement, labour supply crises have emerged in the UK. The paper focuses on the horticultural sector, where these crises have been particularly pronounced, with fears of crops being left to rot in the fields now commonplace.

Aims and objectives:

To examine the scale and nature of employer pressure on government with respect to UK low-wage migration policymaking in the period (2016–2020) following the Brexit vote.

Methods:

Thematic analysis of five parliamentary inquiries over the 2016–2020 Brexit period covering 515 documents and amounting to a total of 4,227 pages of evidence.

Findings:

Numerous political inquiries emerged after the 2016 Brexit referendum that opened up the opportunity for employers to publicly press government for more liberal low-wage migration policies. Employers responded with concerted, weighty and consistent pressure that revolved around: emphasising a labour supply crisis; underlining the lack of suitable local labour; presenting government with a range of unsavoury alternatives to low-wage immigration; and championing a new seasonal guestworker scheme to avoid these unsavoury alternatives.

Discussion and conclusions:

The Brexit period (2016–2020) saw a willingness within UK government to listen to employers with respect to migration policy. In the food production industry, employers responded with a strong and consistent voice and they got what they wanted: a new horticultural guestworker scheme. We cannot say for certain though that correlation equals causation, and more research is now needed into the intimate entanglement of employers and political elites in the migration policy process.