bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aeromagnetic Data Investigation of Geothermal Energy Potentials in Ramfashi and Environs Zamfara State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezekiel Kamureyina , Peter Sarah , Garba Mohammed Ali
Published: January 2024

The goal of the geothermal study over Ramfashi and Environs in Northwestern Nigeria was to use aeromagnetic data to determine the  region's heat flow, geothermal gradient, and Curie point depth. For the purpose of analyzing the aeromagnetic data, on residual and  regional magnetic intensity were gathered using regional residual separation. The residual data was upward continuued to obtain the upward data to perform spectral analysis. This allowed for calculation of depths to centroid and top boundary, which in turn allowed for  calculation of region's heat flow, geothermal gradient, and Curie point. The analysis's conclusions revealed that, with an average value of  48.53 °Ckm-1, the distances to the heat flow, top boundary, centroid, and Curie point varied between 6.73 km and 7.39 km, 2.01 km and  2.16 km, and 113.55 mWm-2 and 128 mWm-2 respectively. Geothermal gradient also varied between 45.42 °Ckm-1 and 51.33 °Ckm-1.  According to the heat flow data from this investigation, the area possesses anomalous geothermal energy and a sizable heat source.
Knowledge and Perception towards Uterine Fibroids among Ante-Natal Clinic Attendees in Two Sub-Urban Communities in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Aghogho Egbedi Thelma , Iru Ntaji Maureen , Simeon Awunor Nyemike , Mike Enemuwe Ibobo , Tudjegbe Okumagba Mamodesan
Published: January 2024

Uterine fibroid is a common cause of recurrent bleeding and pain in women of reproductive age and it can have a severe impact on a  woman's quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and perception of women in suburban communities toward  uterine fibroid. It was a cross-sectional descriptive study, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire to assess the knowledge and perception of ante-natal clinic attendees towards uterine fibroid in Delta State. A total of four hundred ante-natal clinic attendees were  selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 23 with  statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results obtained indicate that the mean age of respondents was 31.0 (± 8.5) years. Overall, 16% of respondents had good knowledge of uterine fibroid. About, 73% of study participants had a positive perception of uterine fibroid. There  was no statistically significant association (p>0.05) between the socio- demographic variables with knowledge and perception towards  uterine fibroid among our study respondents. Majority of respondents, 99.0% were aware of uterine fibroid, however, overall knowledge of uterine fibroid was poor. Study respondents had a positive perception towards uterine fibroid. Although study respondents had a  positive perception towards uterine fibroid, there were many misconceptions concerning uterine fibroid among these respondents. There  is a need for health professionals to disseminate accurate information about fibroids. Also educational programs should be carried  out in sub-urban areas in order to increase their knowledge and perception of uterine fibroid. These programs can be sponsored  by the community non-governmental organizations and the Government.
Cercaricidal efficacy of plant extract: evidence from the methanolic leaves and bark extracts of Anacardium ocidentale (Linnaeus)
Authors: Adeniyi K. A , Ibeh E. O , Oyibo-Usman K. A , Shariff M. A , Ismail A , Omalu I. C J , Sadiq A. A , Salami K. D , Yusuf L.
Published: January 2024

Schistosomiasis continues to be a public health problem causing in unsatisfactorily high level of morbidity. Praziquantel is a recent medicine for treatment but unable to kill emerging schistosomes. It does not prevent re-infection and its constant application may lead to the advent of drug-resistant parasites. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the methanol crude extract of A. occidentale revealed the presence of Tannins, Flavonoids and Saponins. Cercaricidal activity on Gymnocephalous cercaria, after 120 minutes of contact in a concentration of 0.10 mg/mL, showed that there was 92 and 34% death when exposed to the methanol leave and bark extracts of A. occidentale leaves, and A. occidentale bark respectively. There was 99% and 98.5% mortality between the methanol bark extract of A. occidentale and the leaf of A. occidentale plant respectively in a concentration of 0.60mg/mL. Lethal concentration on Gymnocephalous cercariae showed that A. occidentale methanolic bark extract had the highest LC50 and LC84 of 0.151 and 0.204 mg/mL respectively while A. occidentale methanol leaf extract had the lowest LC50 and LC84 of 0.123 and 0.162 respectively. A. occidentale methanol bark extract had the lowest LC50 of 0.237 and A. occidentale methanol leaf extract had the lowest LC 84 of 0.316 mg/ml. The correlation coefficient of the plant parts showed a strong positive correlation between the log concentrations and probit mortality. The extracts had an effect on the cercariae tested. A. occidentale leaves extract showed highest cercaricidal activity. Gymnocephalous cercariae was more susceptible to the plant parts than the Brevifurcate cercaria
An exceptional cause of acute respiratory failure in an infant: negative pressure pulmonary edema
Authors: Özdemir Göktuğ , Ozturk Zeynelabidin
Published: January 2024

Acute respiratory failure is an important reason for pediatric intensive care admissions. Lung parenchymal disease, airway obstruction, or neuromuscular dysfunction are the most common causes. Negative pressure pulmonary edema, characterized by pulmonary edema associated with upper airway obstruction, can rarely cause sudden onset respiratory failure. Herein, we describe an infant who suffered sudden onset respiratory failure and pulmonary hemorrhage while being held facedown for a bath, was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, intubated and mechanically ventilated for three days, and was diagnosed with negative pressure pulmonary edema, and discharged without any sequelae. Negative pressure pulmonary edema is a rare entity. Its true frequency is not known due to the lack of awareness. This report aimed to increase clinician familiarity with negative pressure pulmonary edema in patients with sudden onset respiratory failure and/or pulmonary hemorrhage.
Simulation and validation of the performance of a polycrystalline photovoltaic module
Authors: Abdullahi Usman , Abubakar Muhammad Sani , Shuaibu Alhassan
Published: January 2024

The performance of a solar module is described by its Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) curves, it is therefore necessary to generate these curves in order to validate the parameters of the module namely Short Circuit Current, Open Circuit Voltage, Maximum Power, Current and Voltage at Maximum Power Points, Fill Factor, and Efficiency. This study highlights two methods of generating I-V and P-V curves from a 30W sunshine (AP-PM-30) module. The methods include a computer simulation using MATLAB/Simulink software and an experimental procedure at different values of Irradiance and cell temperature. Findings from this study show that an increase in irradiance at constant cell temperature of the solar module results to significant increase in the current produced but slight increase in voltage. Consequently, the power output of the solar module also increases, while increase in cell temperature at constant irradiance decreases the voltage but slightly increases the current produced by the module but power output decreases. Therefore, these explain the influence of irradiance and cell temperature on the performance of a photovoltaic module.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium L.) among school children in Biu Local Government, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Usman A.M. , Baban Takko F.S. , Khadija M.D.
Published: January 2024

This cross sectional study was conducted between August-October, 2023 among 420 school-age children aged 5-16years attending public primary school in Biu local government, Borno state. The aim was to determine the prevalence, knowledge about the disease and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis in the study area with the view of creating database information and awareness to the stakeholders. 10mls of urine sample was collected from each selected students and determination of Schistosoma haematobium eggs was done using standard sedimentation technique while microhaematuria were determined using a reagent strip and a well-structured questionnaire to obtained other required information. The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis among the students was 0.5% and male students that are in age group between 11-13years has the prevalence of 1.5%. The prevalence rate 0.8% and 0.9% was found in Buratai and Tum while no infected student was found in the Biu metropolis. Also, prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was found in samples with visible haematuria in their urine as 21.3% of male student has visible haematuria while only 8.6% female has visible haematuria in their urine. The different between different age groups and locations was statistically insignificant while sex and visible haematuria was statistically significant. There was high level of ignorance and poor knowledge about transmission, prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis among the student. The study concluded that the parasite is not endemic in the study area despite the high level of ignorance and poor knowledge about parasites among the student in the study area. There is need for public enlightenment to maintain the status in the area.
Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Ceiba pentanra against some clinical pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Banso A. , Ajayi M.A.
Published: January 2024

Many of the plant materials used in traditional medicine are readily available in rural areas and thus have made traditional medicine relatively cheaper than modern medicine. Plants generally produce many secondary metabolites and these constitute an important source of microbiocides, pesticides and many pharmaceutical drugs. Ceiba pentandra is naturally present in equatorial Africa and naturalized in all the humid tropics including Nigeria. Ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous leave extract of Ceiba pentandra were assayed against clinical isolates of S. aureus, P.vulgaris, E. coli and K. pneumoniae by agar diffusion method. All the extracts showed antimicrobial activity against all the test organisms. K. pneumoniae was the most susceptible to the plant extracts while E. coli was the most resistant. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant extracts against the test organisms ranged between 15μg/mLto30μg/mL The minimum bactericidal concentration of the extracts was within the ranges of 15μg/mL and 35μg/mL Ethyl acetate extract of leaf of Ceiba pentandra appeared to be more effective than aqueous or ethanol extract as antimicrobial agent against all the test bacteria. The results obtained may suggest that the plant extracts possess useful antimicrobial properties.
Effect of levocetirizine hydrochloride on chronic urticaria and serum levels of total IgE and inflammatory factors
Authors: Hua Lijuan , Chen Junjun , Yuan Wen
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate the curative effect of levocetirizine hydrochloride tablets on chronic urticaria as well as its mediating effect on serum levels of total IgE and inflammatory factors.

Methods: Ninety-two (92) patients with chronic urticaria, were randomly divided into control group (CG) and study group (SG). Patients in CG were treated with oral administration of desloratadine citrate tablets while SG patients received oral levocetirizine hydrochloride tablets. A comparative analysis was conducted between the two patient cohorts encompassing clinical therapeutic outcomes, symptom scoring, T lymphoid subset cell levels, serum total IgE concentrations, serum inflammatory factor levels, as well as adverse reactions.

Results: Total treatment effectiveness was higher in SG (97.83 %) than in CG (82.61 %; p < 0.05). After treatment, wheal duration, size and number as well as pruritus scores were markedly lower in SG than in CG, albeit non-significantly (p > 0.05). The levels of CD3+ CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in SG after treatment were significantly higher than those in CG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the serum IgE, IL-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly lower in SG than in CG, while the IFN-γ level was significantly higher (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Levocetirizine hydrochloride tablets produce a significant clinical curative effect on chronic urticaria relative to desloratadine citrate tablets. It reduces the levels of inflammatory factors and mitigates immune dysfunction in patients by increasing the serum level of total IgE. Therefore, it is a potential candidate for further clinical investigations on a larger and more diverse population.
OPTIMALISASI POTENSI BUAH PALA DI DESA BOBO KECAMATAN JAILOLO KABUPATEN HALMAHERA BARAT
Authors: Nihi Sriyanti , Torano Abidil Haq , Anggraini Hana Sagita , Bahrudin Riskiani , Rawung Deviana Andrini , Parenrengi Ferdiansya Mahardika
Published: January 2024

Buah pala merupakan tumbuhan asli yang berasal dari Indonesia khususnya wilayahMaluku Utara.  Salah satu wilayah yang memiliki pohon pala yang lumayan banyak yaitu Desa Bobo Kecamatan Jailolo Halmahera Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan daging buah pala untuk diolah menjadi selai pala. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai tanggal 21 Agustus 2023 sampai penyusunan laporan pada bulan September 2023. Data yang diguankan melalui wawancara dengan narasumber yaitu mama Ida dan Ibu-Ibu PKK serta melalui penyelenggaraan pelatihan pembuatan selai pala. Analisis ini menggunakan metode ABCD (Asset Baset Community Development) yaitu metode dengan menggunakan 5 langkah kunci untuk melakukan proses pengabdian diantaranya Discovery (Menemukan), Dream (Impian), Design(Merancang), Define (Menemukan), Destiny (lakukan) dan refleksi. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan pembuatan selai pala dapat terealisasi dengan baik, mulai dari permohonan kepada narasumber untuk dapat menjadi pembicara, kemudian kerjasama antara pemerintah desa Bobo dengan mahasiswa KKN Kolaborasi Moderasi Beragama IAIN Ternate dalam menyelenggarakan pelatihan pembuatan selai pala.
Impact of Spiritual Intelligence on Job Satisfaction of Social Welfare Officers in Pakistan
Authors: Usmani Feroz , Hassan Syeda Mahnaz
Published: January 2024

The core purpose of the present research is to examine the spiritual intelligence and job satisfaction of Social Welfare Officers in Pakistan. Spiritual intelligence is one of the many types of intelligence that can be developed relatively independently. Spiritual intelligence is a way of knowing and connecting the inner life of the mind and soul with the outer life. Job satisfaction is a sense of accomplishment that a person gets from his work. It is a measure of workers' satisfaction with their jobs. It can be measured in terms of knowledge, motivation, and behavior. For this study, a sample of three hundred seventy-four Social Welfare Officers has been taken through a proportionate random sample technique from all the provinces of Pakistan, namely, Punjab, KPK, Sindh, Balochistan, ICT, GB, and AJK. A cross-sectional survey has been conducted and a well-structured questionnaire was used for the study. The Uni-variate, bi-variate, and multi-variate analyses have been performed to draw results and conclusions. The study findings show that spiritual intelligence, directly and indirectly, causes impacts on job satisfaction among Social Welfare Officers in Pakistan. The study findings also report that spiritual intelligence has positively contributed to Social Welfare Officer's pay and promotion, job security, workload status, relationship with co-workers, work environment, and feedback and support.
Analysis of Water Conflicts: A Case of South Asian Region
Authors: Uddin Syed Shahab , Bakhsh Muneera Moula
Published: January 2024

Water is very indispensable for all living beings on earth, although it is in enough amounts the global demand for freshwater has been mounting with time. Nowadays climate changes also affect water availability in the world, therefore it is been a source of conflict in different regions.There are several water-related conflicts in countries like India, Pakistan, China, and different geographical regions and African countries. However, none of these conflicts became major conflicts and the states either applied control measures or entered into a quasi-mutual settlement, thus temporarily resolving the difficulty and avoiding conflicting heavy shock. In this article 3 major conflicts in South Asia Region are discussed. Pakistan-India, India-Bangladesh, and Pakistan-Afghanistan water-related conflicts. The given piece of writing is a document analysis based on previously published research, in which a qualitative method of research is applied. Therefore, to benefit mainly from the available water resources in the region, South Asian countries need to be more open and cooperative with each other, taking care of the interests of small countries; they must give up their historical device and move forward in confidence and understanding; they must not engage in narrow-minded and extremely sensitive nationalism, but aim for development, and they should control water resources through region level mechanism.
Principals and Teachers as a Change Agent
Authors: Saima Hasan
Published: January 2024

Research over the last millennium has focused on identifying the traits and characteristics that make for influential leaders and the types of change agents they should be. Second-grade teachers are expected to meet the emotional, social, physical, and biological needs of their students. The secondary school principal sets the tone and promotes their development. The principal must provide data to teachers in order for them to improve their instruction and curriculum assessment. This study aims to assess their attitudes that have been identified as productive concerning the skills and qualities they believe are essential to their success as evolving operatives in their school systems. Those specific problems to be studied include any differences that are important for successful principal leaders in the school's socio-economic context, gender, and the role that the demographic composition of the student population can play. The study looked at secondary school principals in different districts of Karachi. The questionnaire was divided into four sections that focused on the demographics of principals and their schools, abilities and characteristics assessed using the Likert Scale, and significant school changes. The prominent gender, the socio-economic context in schools, and schools with diverse demographic compositions were among the areas that yielded positive results. In conclusion, school size and teachers' level of education had a more significant influence on teacher perceptions of secondary school principals' leadership behavior than any other variable. Surprisingly, secondary school principals' gender, age, qualification, or professional education had little influence on how teachers perceived their leadership. Although the level of education of principals was significant in influencing teacher perceptions of principals' adaptation of recognized leadership skills to meet the needs of children, the size of the school and teachers' qualifications were the most influential in shaping teacher perceptions of middle school principals' leadership behavior. This could be of interest to teachers' communities, department heads looking to hire principals, and universities developing programs for teaching staff.
Nos queremos vivxs, libres y sin miedo. Festividad, goce y alegría como repertorios de protesta social feminista
Authors: BERTOLACCINI Luciana M.
Published: January 2024

El artículo se propone abordar la estética festiva de los activismos callejeros feministas. A partir del estudio de un conjunto de prácticas expresivas en protestas sociales en la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina, se analizará cómo, en su conjunto, los repertorios en torno a la alegría, el goce y la felicidad modelaron una determinada forma de aparición en el espacio público de los feminismos en los años 2015-2018. Asimismo, se construirá una genealogía que permita un análisis situado y más complejo en términos de los procesos históricos en los que estas prácticas se inscriben. Por último, se estudiará la posible intersección entre la estética festiva feminista y el imperativo de la alegría como un dispositivo disciplinar de la época.
La (Sub)versión feminista del humor: el juego posible por las artes
Authors: FRAGA COSTA Sabela
Published: January 2024

En este artículo partiré de los trabajos de algunas investigadoras que en los últimos años han estudiado la relación de los feminismos con el humor para saber qué papel juega en las artes visuales y analizar su potencial crítico. Con esa base, presentaré alguna de las ideas clave del trabajo de campo realizado durante el desarrollo de mi tesis doctoral , formado por trece entrevistas a profesionales y creadoras que trabajan desde este enfoque. Se intentará demostrar también cómo, más allá de colocar la crítica a los diferentes ejes de opresión, estas creadoras abren alternativas hacia lo posible.
The Creation of Poverty and Inequality in India
Authors: Shome Parthasarathi
Published: January 2024

This book analyses poverty in India as being intimately connected with the advent of caste, untouchability, colonialism, indentured servitude and slavery, and their relation to modern practices. It recommends a slew of bold domestic and international policies to eliminate poverty.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TLC PROFILE AND 1H NMR ANALYSIS OF Passiflora foetida EXTRACTS
Authors: Maulidiani Maulidiani
Published: January 2024

Passiflora foetida also known as red fruits passionflower is widely found in Malaysia. Previous studies on this plant reported its therapeutic properties such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperpigmentation, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, different parts of the plant (aerial, stem, leaf and fruit) were used for the phytochemical screening such as alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid and saponin tests. The aerial, leaf and stem parts show positive results in all tests, however, there are slightly different in color intensity of each test. The fruit, except for terpenoid, shows positive results in alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin tests. Then, thin layer chromatography (TLC) profile was carried out in various solvent systems including chloroform/methanol (9:1) solvent system and ethylacetate/hexane (1:9). The TLC profile shows that chloroform/methanol (9:1) solvent system give better separation of compounds as compared to ethylacetate/hexane (1:9) solvent system. There are characteristic spots found on the TLC plate that possibly attributed to the presence of flavonoids, steroids, and terpenoids. Moreover, the fresh aerial part extract of P. foetida was analyzed using 1H-NMR and found some signals that indicated the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extract. This study can act as a preliminary study that provides the information on the metabolite profile of different parts of P. foetida and might be useful for the future study.
WELL-BEING AND ETHICAL VALUES OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN MALAYSIA: A COMPARISON ACROSS ASEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Ayob Abu Hanifah
Published: January 2024

Studies on women entrepreneurs remain limited as compared to their men counterparts. Furthermore, existing literature mainly emphasizes on the conventional issue of business performance measured through financial indicators. To advance, this research embarks to examine the well-being and ethical values of women entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Drawing on data from the World Values Survey wave 7 (2017-2020), I also compare the condition of in Malaysia with five other ASEAN countries. In general, I found that women entrepreneurs in Malaysia exhibit low level of well-being particularly in term of happiness, and life and financial satisfaction. Also, they are perceived moderately ethical towards cheating on taxes and accepting a bribe. Overall, this research contributes to shed light on a novel perspective of entrepreneurship particularly among women.
SCIENCES POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS MAKING ENGLISH THE LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION IN MOROCCAN TERTIARY EDUCATION
Authors: Sekkal Khadija , Sidi Hida Moulay Abderrahman
Published: January 2024

The current study investigated the attitudes of Moroccan university students in scientific disciplines towards using English as a language of instruction in tertiary education. Major published articles on English language described the upsurge of its speakers in the expanding circle as phenomenal. Morocco is no exception. Studies have shown that there has been a growing interest in learning English among youth. By the same token, students have been less enthusiastic about French currently used in academic settings and believe that English is more useful for the future of the country. In order to test the validity of the claim, quantitative research in which ninety-eight university students from different master’s program participated was conducted. The aim was to know their attitude towards making English the medium of instruction in higher education and either confirm or disconfirm the claim made by researchers in scholarly journals. After undertaking a survey questionnaire, it was shown that the vast majority of postgraduates specializing in scientific disciplines were in favor of using English in their studies. They definitely wanted English to take over French currently used in academic context in Morocco.
 

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Management of Dry Eye Syndrome Through Ayurvedic Interventions: An In-Depth Analysis
Authors: Rajiv Ranjan Mishra  , Ruby Kumar
Published: January 2024

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a chronic ocular condition characterized by reduced tear production or increased tear evaporation, leading to discomfort, visual disturbances, and potential damage to the ocular surface. Conventional treatments like artificial tears provide temporary relief without addressing the underlying causes. This article explores the potential of Ayurvedic interventions in managing DES by drawing parallels with "Shushkashipaka," an Ayurvedic ocular surface disease with similar manifestations. Ayurveda offers various Kriyakalpa procedures such as Tarpana, Putpaka, Parisheka, Ashchyotana, Nasya, and Anjana, which can help address the multifactorial nature of DES. These personalized and comprehensive approaches provide alternative and complementary therapeutic options for managing DES. Further research and clinical studies are needed to validate the efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic interventions in managing DES. However, the principles and therapeutic procedures described in Ayurvedic texts hold promise in addressing this prevalent eye condition.
Pathological Consideration of Hypothyroidism in Ayurvedic Classics
Authors: Gitanjali Vineeth  , Shylamma.T.M  , Bindu.P.R
Published: January 2024

Ayurveda considers diseases are the consequence of Doshavaisamya i.e., the imbalance of body humours and health is the state of their equilibrium. Even though hypothyroidism is not directly mentioned in Ayurveda, it can be addressed because Ayurveda doesn't emphasize on naming the disease rather it emphasis on proper understanding of the Prakruti, Koshta, Dosha, Dhatu, Mala and Agni status of the patient and treat accordingly. Nowadays, hypothyroidism is a common issue encountered in our OPDs. Hypothyroidism has to be carefully addressed as it can lead to other lifestyle disorders like dyslipidemia, coronary artery diseases, hypertension and chronic inflammatory diseases like arthritis. Since the thyroid gland is involved in the metabolic functions of body, its hormonal actions can be correlated to the functions of various levels of Agni.

This article is an attempt to conceptualize hypothyroidism in terms of Ayurvedic pathophysiology to facilitate further understanding and to provide better treatment options.
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Pandu from Grahani Roga with special references to Haematological Parameters
Authors: Joydipa Nandi  , Apala Sengupta
Published: January 2024

Ayurveda means wisdom or knowledge of life, is the natural holistic system of medicine. The disease Grahani is signified by its nomenclature i.e., incomplete digestion, malabsorption and mal formation of stool. In Ayurveda, Grahani Roga (malabsorption syndrome) is a chronic disease of Annavaha srota (GI tract) vividly explained in our classics. Above the umbilical region Grahani is located, is the seat of Agni (digestive enzyme). Main function of Grahani is to hold undigested food and after digestion it releases the food through the sides of its lumen. But the main cause behind Grahani roga is poor digestive fire and Amadosa (products of impaired digestion and metabolism) as per Caraka Samhita. It is important symptoms are Sukta pakam (fermentation), Muhu baddha muhu dravam (alternate pass of hard and loose stool), Adhman (flatulence), Manasa sadanama (mental frustration) etc. In modern it is correlated to Mal-Absorption Syndrome (MAS). In Grahani Roga the Pittadhara kala fails to recognize the digested and undigested food, often release the undigested food towards small intestine. The insufficient digested food is unable to yield the required Poshak Rasa (plasma) for transformation of Rakta (blood). The person suffers from diminished blood in the system. Hence Grahani patients suffer from Pandu (anaemia). In this present study 60 cases of Grahani roga along with symptoms of Pandu were divided into two groups. Group A (30 patients) were treated with Bhunimba churna. Group B (30 patients) were treated with Pippali churna. The statistical analysis reveals that Bhunimba churna statistically more significant than Pippali churna in the management of Grahani roga and Pandu.
Role of Nidana Parivarjana as a Line of Management in Pureeshaja Krimiroga
Authors: Anju G K  , Prathviraj Puranik  , Kavya
Published: January 2024

Krimi is used to denote tiny organism which reside in human body. The concept of Krimi and their relation in development of disease is mentioned by Ayurveda literature. Krimi Roga, a serious morbidity, contributes significantly to disease burden in children and causes malnourishment and stunted growth in them. Aharaja and Viharaja Nidana plays an important role in growth of Krimi. Treatment modalities mentioned for Krimiroga are Apakarshana, Prakriti Vighata and Nidana Parivarjana. Concept of Nidana Parivarjana holds important role in prevention as well as treatment of disease especially in Krimiroga.
Dampak Gaya Belajar Siswa pada Konsep Pemahaman Fisika
Authors: Hidayat Nadhifa Muftisany , Ramadany Nila Ayu , Setiaji Bayu
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted, changed and forever changed educational institutions from early childhood learning to the adoption of online education at all levels of education. The need for rapidly deployable or deployable strategies requires educators across disciplines to navigate complex logistics and unique situations by immediately employing a variety of instructional technologies through alternative modalities and pedagogical approaches. Some efforts are tried and true, others are unproven and new. Students and instructors are faced with constraints and limitations related to physical work space, as well as challenges and concerns for mental and physical health; all while trying to meet and exceed a number of expectations. Learning styles can be implemented in various learning activities, for example the visual learning style with pictures, and the auditory learning style by listening to the teacher's explanation and friends' opinions (discussing). Understanding student learning styles can make it easier for teachers and educators to choose learning activities and make it easier for students to receive various information.
A Cross-sectional study on Out-of-Pocket expenditure towards Immunization and its consequences faced by families with under-five Children Residing at one of the Cities of Western India
Authors: Desai Neel B , Solanki Asha K , Dave Viral R , Rathod Vasu G
Published: January 2024

Background: When immunization of under-five children results in Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE), it affects motivation of parents for vaccination inversely. Objectives: To assess determinants affecting preference for specific/mixed type of health facilities and to estimate out-of-pocket expenditure towards immunization of under-five children. To assess opinion of participants for prevention/decreasing OOPE towards immunization. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at one of zones of Ahmedabad city, selected by simple random sampling. Following technique of “30×7 cluster survey” with necessary house-hold information received from Municipal Corporation, selection of 7 children was pursued from each cluster reaching to sample-size of 210 (30 X 7). Results: Of 211 children included in study, 124(58.77%), 68(32.23%) and 19(9%) had taken immunization services from government, private and mixed variety respectively. Majority of families (110, 88.71%) preferring government healthcare-facility for immunization incurred expenses <5000 INR/child as while in other two groups, all beneficiaries had expensed>5000 INR/child. Conclusions: Determinants like child’s gender, parents’ education, Type of family, Socio-economic status, delivery place of child and occupation of father had statistically significant association with preferred place of vaccination. Fixation of upper ceiling-limit of vaccines which are recommended by pediatricians but not covered in government run program was one of suggestions.
An Analysis of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) among Aged People in Rural Areas of Western Odisha, India
Authors: Nath Nibedita , Minz Sarojini , Mohapatra Monalisa
Published: January 2024

Background: A decline in fertility rate and expansion in life span has resulted in the growth in the percentage of aged populations in the whole world. India and Odisha are no exceptions. Objectives: The objective of the present paper is to find out the incidence of functional ability/inability among the aged people of the rural areas of western Odisha of India. Materials and Methods: Katz Scale of ADL was used to assess the functional ability of elderly people. Six activities of daily living such as (Bathing, Dressing, Toilet, Mobility, Continence, and Feeding) were analyzed as per age and sex of the samples. Results: Of all the samples (1992), 98.5 percent are physically independent and only 1.4 percent are physically dependent. Out of 945 female elderly people, 931 (98.1%) are independent and out of 1047 male elderly people 1033 (98.6%) are independent. The physical dependency of females is more with a ?2 – value of 0.075 and p – value of 0.466. The age group wise ?2 – value is 20.899 (3) and p – value of 0.001. Conclusion: Lesser physical dependency is found among the elderly people in rural areas. An increase in dependency is seen with the increase in age.
Perceptions About E-Learning Among Undergraduate Medical Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Shanmugam Jeevithan , Aparnavi Periasamy , Vincent Vivin , Ramanthan Rashmi , Rathinamoorthy Ramesh
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic times showed the need for blending e-learning in medical education. The current study aims to find the perceptions of undergraduate medical students on e-learning. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 848 students on perceptions about e-learning. Private college students and Phase IV students significantly faced more data exhaustion. The government college students and phase IV students significantly felt that classes were more monotonous. The longer duration of e-learning caused health effects. Thus, to bring about a better learning environment e-learning can be integrated into the MBBS curriculum as a supplement to bedside and small group learning.
Predição de aptâmeros para uso como moléculas sensoras para detecção de bacteriófagos que infectam Streptococcus thermophilus
Authors:   , Ribeiro Lorena Cornélia
Published: January 2024

A indústria de produtos lácteos fermentados enfrenta rotineiramente falhas fermentativas devido a infecções por bacteriófagos. Entretanto, a frequência e dimensão das perdas relacionadas a esse problema não são registradas ou divulgadas, o que dificulta a promoção de políticas que previnam essas perdas. O presente estudo permitiu o levantamento sobre a frequência e causas prováveis das perdas relacionadas a falhas fermentativas em laticínios por meio de questionário aplicado a 27 indústrias brasileiras. Segundo os respondentes, a frequência de perdas pode ser semanal, apontando a contaminação por bacteríofagos como responsável por 35,7% dessas perdas. A proposta de uma metodologia de desenvolvimento de aptâmeros para ser utilizado como molécula sensora para kit de detecção de bacteriófagos que infectam Streptococcus thermophilus é uma alternativa como possível ferramenta de controle e prevenção de perdas referentes a falhas fermentativas. O referido método se baseou na interação de nucleotídeos com as regiões hidrofílicas selecionadas da proteína da cauda de cada representante de cada grupo de bacteriófagos, usando ferramentas de bioinformática que possibilitou a predição de cinco estruturas de aptâmeros distintas para o uso como moléculas sensoras para detecção de bacteriófagos que infectam Streptococcus thermophilus . Apesar de serem estruturas pequenas, as mesmas se mostraram específicas para a detecção das regiões hidrofílicas da proteína da cauda dos bacteriófagos estudados. Palavras-chave: Bacteriófagos. Aptâmeros. Fermentação.
Case Notes: The Correctness Standard of Review
Authors: Myburgh SC Anton
Published: January 2024

The traditional conceptualisation is that an appeal is about the correctness of the decision, while a review is about its justifiability. However, there are many decisions and actions by commissioners of the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration that must meet the standard of correctness and are reviewable if they do not. This is known as correctness review. This note examines when correctness review applies, and when it does not.
IMPLEMENTASI TUGAS HAKIM PENGAWAS DAN PENGAMAT TERHADAP PEMBINAAN WARGA BINAAN
Authors: Masturi Rahmad
Published: January 2024

Terdapat problematika yang dihadapi oleh Pengadilan Negeri terhadap Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat yaitu pelaksanaan dari tugas hakim itu sendiri, yaitu selain perannya sebagai hakim khusus untuk mengawasi dan mengamati terhadap warga binaan di penjara, Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat masih pula menjabat sebagai hakim yang aktif menangani dan mengadili perkara. Sehingga hakim yang ditunjuk sebagai Hakim Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat terhadap putusan Pengadilan Negeri mempunyai alasan tidak ada waktu untuk mengawasi dan mengamati proses pembinaan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi dan hambatan yang ditemukan dalam pelaksanaan tugas Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IA Makassar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian hukum empiris. hasil yang ditemukan bahwa Implementasi tugas Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat belum maksimal dalam pelaksanaan putusan pengadilan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas I A Makassar. dan terdapat hambatan seperti masalah dana, belum adanya staf yang membantu dan belum adanya tembusan laporan bulanan dari Lembaga Pemasyarakatan kepada Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat
Ayurvedic Panchakarma Management of Avabahuka - A Case Report
Authors: Kumari Dolly , Chaudhari Vaishali , Nakade Mamata , Gaikwad Pranesh , Pawar Snehalata
Published: January 2024

Background: Avabahuka is the disease of Amsa Sandhi (shoulder joint), which involves the neuromuscular system. The clinical features of Avabahuka are pain, stiffness, and restricted shoulder joint movement. In this study, Sahachar (Barleria prionitis Linn.) Taila was used for Snehana, and Patra Pottali (Ayurvedic Herbal Bolus) was used for Swedana containing leaves of medicinal plants. Aim and objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Snehana and Patra Pottali Swedana, along with Shamana Aushadhi in Avabahuka. Material and methods: A male patient, 40 years old, was diagnosed with an Avabahuka from a clinical point of view. There was a painful, restricted movement of the right shoulder joint radiating to the right elbow joint. X-ray of cervical region AP and lateral view shows mild straightening of cervical lordosis due to paraspinal muscle spasm and C5 – C6 disc space narrowing. He was treated with Panchakarma Snehana and Patra Pottali Swedana followed by Shamana Chikitsa for 7 days and follow-up after 14 days. Result: The patient was assessed with subjective and objective parameters. The scores of pain turned to reduced 3 to 1, stiffness 3 to 0, and range of movement; flexion 1300 to 1600, extension 500 to 600, abduction 1250 to 1450, adduction 350 to 550, internal rotation 700 to 850, and external rotation 800 to 900. Significant changes and improvements were observed in the clinical features of Avabahuka before and after treatment. Conclusion: The present study shows Ayurveda has better management for Avabahuka, which was observed by strategically combining the effects of Panchakarma and Shamana Chikitsa.
In-Vitro Acetylcholine Esterase Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Siddha Formulation Vilvaver Chooranam: A Neuroprotective Assay
Authors: A Sureka , A F Glara , N Sabari Girija , M Ramamurthy , G J Christian , R Meenakumari
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition evidenced by significant cognitive dysfunction. The state of cognitive impairment is made worse by increased levels of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is crucial in the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Siddha therapy gaining higher momentum in recent days due to its global acceptance considering its broad spectral safety and therapeutic window. Siddha originated from the southern geographic landscape of Asia now spreading its wings across the bounders in managing dreadful diseases like AD. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate AChE inhibition of the Siddha formulation Vilvaver Chooranam (VVC). Materials & Methods: In-Vitro Acetylcholine esterase enzyme inhibition Potential of Siddha formulation Vilvaver Chooranam by Ellman’s method. Results:Results obtained from the study clearly demonstrate that the formulation VVC has shown promising acetylcholinesterase at stipulated concentration dose-dependently. Maximum percentage inhibition of about 54.53 ± 3.475 % was observed at 500μg/ml with the IC50 value of 411.9 ± 30.6 µg/ml when compared to that of the Physostigmine, a known AChE Inhibitor with a maximum inhibition 93.44 ± 4.434 % at the concentration of 40μg/ml with the IC50 value of 10.38± 5.29 µg/ml. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of these extracts as valuable sources of antioxidants with interesting acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
An Innovative Ayurveda Approach to treat the Idiopathic Edema: A case report
Authors: Khobarkar Punam N , Nakanekar Amit
Published: January 2024

Background: Idiopathic edema is a complex medical condition with limited understanding and challenging choices for treatment. Regarding the Ayurvedic care of idiopathic edema, there aren't many published case reports or clinical trials on PubMed despite the disease's widespread prevalence. In this case report, we propose an important Ayurvedic perspective that takes into consideration the exact location of the manifestation in addition to its origin while selecting methods to treat idiopathic edema. Methods: A 63-year-old male patient complained of persistent right leg edema and blackish discoloration for 18 months while he visited the outpatient department of Kayachikitsa Government Ayurved College & Hospital, Nagpur. In previous times, the patient had sought treatment from doctors who practiced modern medicine without receiving any improvement. The patient was diagnosed as having idiopathic edema after a comprehensive investigation of all possible causes and was then treated according to the Ayurvedic concept of Shoth, which is linked to the origin of Pakwashaya (gut). Along with oral medications, the treatment included Basti (a medicated enema). Results: Interestingly, the patient's quality of life significantly improved, and the edema completely disappeared after the course of treatment. Conclusion: This case study provides insightful information on the importance of disease origin and manifestation sites in the Ayurvedic management of idiopathic edema. It also emphasizes the significance of further research on the role that the gut plays in the pathophysiology of idiopathic edema.
Scientific Study of Dalhanokta Anguli Pramana (Measurement) with reference to Purusha Ura Vistaar (Male Chest Breadth)
Authors: Yawale Roshani , M Yusuf Sheikh , Gurmule Rajni , Sharma Gopal
Published: January 2024

In Ayurveda the word “Pramana” refers to measurement. Ayurveda classic have explained the normal measurements of Anga Pratyanga in terms of Ayama (length), Vistaar (breadth), Utsedha (height) and Parinaha (circumference) with the help of Swa-Anguli Pramana (measurement by own finger). In the ancient time length, breadth, and height of body’s parts measured by using the technique of Anguli Pramana in which measurements of parts of body have given in terms of Swa-Anguli. It can be the perfect parameter irrespective of age, sex, race and place etc. Principles of Ayurveda have given the individualistic approach rather than the generalized by providing the concept of Swa-Anguli Pramana. Acharyas said that before we start the treatment one should do the Ayu Pariksha (longativity of life) of that patient which is depends upon proper measurement of parts and sub parts of body along with Sara of body. Present study was taken to validate the Dalnhokta  Anguli Pramana of Purusha Ura Vistaar (Male chest breadth) which was given as 24 Angula. The data of Purusha Ura Vistaar of 60 healthy volunteers was collected and statistically analyzed. As the very less work has been done the current study was conducted.

Keywords: Anthropometry, Swa-Anguli Pramana (measurements by own finger), Measurements, Diameter, Ayam (length),
A Case Study of Scalp Psoriasis managed with Ayurvedic principles
Authors: Marwadi Varshida J , Raole Vaidehi V , Patil Dinesh
Published: January 2024

Psoriasis is a persistent, visible skin disorder that has a significant impact on a person's physical and psychological well-being. It is one of the most pressing concerns of social significance. Skin disorders are widespread as a result of a changed lifestyle, lack of physical activity, unsanitary habits, mental stress, and overeating. It is tough to treat because of its high recurrence; it is an auto-immune, non-contagious condition that is extremely difficult to cure, according to modern medicine. According to Ayurveda, all skin disorders are grouped together under the term 'Kushtha'. Despite the fact that the heading is the same for all skin disorders, there is further division and naming of skin diseases based on the doshas involved, which play an important part in determining the disease's treatment path. Scalp psoriasis is clinically similar to Eka Kushtha, which is referenced in the Samhitas. A case study of Scalp Psoriasis managed with Ayurvedic principles Shodhana Chikitsa is presented in this paper. In this study, a 25-year-old male patient with scalp psoriasis was treated, who presented with symptoms of dandruff like flaking, silvery white scales, reddish plaque, and severe itching. Ekakushtha (Scalp psoriasis) was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with both external and internal drugs, including Vaman (therapeutic vomiting) and Shamanachikitsa (palliative treatment). During treatment, the patient noticed a significant reduction in symptoms. In this case study, Vaman karma followed by palliative treatment was found to be a more effective treatment choice for Scalp Psoriasis.