bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concurrent delayed recurrence of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors in orbital and sellar/suprasellar regions in an older adult
Authors: Yamashita Shota , Yokosawa Michiko , Ono Sadahide , Sugawara Takayuki , Kimura Naoto , Endo Hidenori
Published: September 2024

Background

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) are rare and aggressive small round cell tumors, tending to occur in the thoracic and paravertebral soft tissues in children and young adults. This report describes an exceptionally rare case of concurrent delayed recurrence of pPNET in the orbital and sellar/suprasellar regions in an older adult, with a discussion supported by a literature review.

Case presentation

We report an 82-year-old woman with a history of orbital pPNETs resection at age 62, followed by gamma knife radiosurgery for local recurrence at age 66. She presented left eye pain, left eye protrusion, decreased vision in the right eye, and right homonymous hemianopia. MRI revealed extensive lesions in the left orbital cavity and sellar/suprasellar region, contiguous through the optic canal. The recurrent tumor was treated through a two-stage resection via transcranial and transsphenoidal approaches, which resulted in symptom improvement and a pathologic diagnosis of pPNETs.

Conclusion

This case highlights a highly rare instance of late-onset orbital pPNETs recurrence in an elderly patient, with evidence suggesting tumor progression into the sellar/suprasellar regions through the optic canal.
Exploring Individualized Follow-up of Gastric Cancer After Radical Surgery Based on pTNM Stage: A Retrospective Cohort Study From China
Authors: Zheng Cheng , Qian Mengyi , Huang Tongmin , Liu Xingchen , Zeng Xiangman , Chen Xiaotong , Shen Yan , Chen Ping , Wu Feng , Gu Lihu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Patients with gastric cancer (GC) who underwent radical surgery require long-term follow-up (usually 5 years). The purpose of this study was to explore individualized follow-up strategies for patients with GC.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study that established a clinicopathologic database of patients who underwent gastrectomy from January 2010 to December 2020 at Ningbo No. 2 Hospital. Follow-up was performed until March 2023. The rate of new-onset recurrence of patients with GC was explored annually according to different pTNM stages, defining a recurrence rate of less than 1% as adequate follow-up time.

Results:

Of the 1606 patients who were eligible, the total number of patients who completed the 5- and 10-year follow-up was 1107 and 586, respectively. A total of 444 cases were diagnosed with recurrence. The recurrence rate for stage IA patients was consistently less than 1% during the follow-up time. The adequate follow-up time (the rate of new-onset recurrence less than 1%) was 5 years for stage IB and IIA patients, and 8 years for stage IIB and IIIA patients, respectively. In contrast, stage IIIB patients were always at risk of recurrence during the follow-up time (>1%). Time to a new recurrence rate for stage IIIC patients was 6 years.

Conclusion:

Among patients who underwent radical gastrectomy, the rate of new-onset recurrence varied among patients with different pTNM stages. This study suggests that the follow-up of GC can be individualized and refer to pTNM stage.
Performance behaviour of double layer conical porous hybrid journal bearing operated with pseudoplastic lubricant
Authors: Singh Anil , Sharma Satish C. , Chauhan Nathi Ram
Published: September 2024

This study performs a numerical simulation of a double layer conical porous hybrid journal bearing (DLCPB) by considering the synergistic effects of a double layer porous matrix and pseudoplastic lubricant behaviour. The non-Newtonian behaviour of the lubricant has been studied using the pseudoplastic lubricant behaviour in order to generate more realistic design data. Besides this, the synergistic effects of double layer porous matrix and non-Newtonian lubricant behaviour have been numerically studied. Further, porous journal bearings with a single layer of porous matrix demonstrate reduced stability and load capacity due to lubricant seepage through the bearing wall. Several researchers advocated the use of double layer porous journal bearings (DLPB) instead of single layer porous journal bearings (SLPB) to overcome this issue. This study examines the performance of a DLCPB with respect to the interactive effects of the flow behaviour index, semi cone angle, and permeability parameter. To solve the modified Reynolds equation for a DLCPB, the finite element approach is used. The results of this study suggest that the DLCPB enhances the performance characteristics in comparison to the single layer conical porous hybrid journal bearing (SLCPB). In addition, the stability threshold speed margin [Formula: see text] is enhanced by the application of a pseudoplastic lubricant.
Direct online booking competence of five-star hotels: Model development on web/mobile sites
Authors: Şanlıöz-Özgen Hanım Kader , Türksoy Selcen Seda , Atabay Eniser
Published: September 2024

Hotel businesses focus on diversifying the tools on their hotel web and mobile sites to drive higher returns, conversions, and profit. This orientation has also converged with the pandemic effects. In response to these challenges and opportunities, this study aims to propose a model for assessing the direct online booking competence of hotel businesses via their web and mobile sites. Designed as a multiple case study including 22 hotels, the study proposes an assessment framework (web and mobile site-based direct online booking competence) with an extensive checklist of 107 items in six dimensions (informative and experiential content, user interface, promotional, mobile, and crisis communication). The framework is also effective to classify hotels according to their web and mobile site-based direct online booking competence such as optimal, effective, functional, dynamic, and practical performers with reference to their strengths and weaknesses. The framework serves as a comprehensive assessment tool for hotel businesses to evaluate their position in relation to their competitors and improve their direct online booking competence. Potential customers also consider the necessity of all the index items in hotel web and mobile sites; however, promotional competence followed by mobile and crisis communication is regarded as the most critical dimension.
Influencer responsibility in practice: The role of Instagram debates for individualised politics during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Andersen Ida Vikøren , Eriksson Krutrök Moa , Arnesson Johanna
Published: September 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments discouraged citizens from travelling both within and outside the nation in an effort to mitigate the spread of the virus. Still, some Scandinavian influencers, whose livelihood often depends on producing aesthetic travel content, chose to go abroad, which led to criticism from both followers and others. While ethical debates over air travel have taken place in social media for a long time, the specific conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic travel restrictions, combined with the centrality of travel within influencer culture, created new controversies and discussions on several influencers’ Instagram accounts in Norway and Sweden. In this article, we use digital ethnography and multimodal discourse analysis to examine discursive negotiations of different moral positions in regards to long-haul travel, the political role and responsibility of influencers, as well as how appeals to solidarity and individualised responsibility were performed and contested in socially mediated spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Ambivalent affective labor: The datafication of qing and danmei writers in the cultural industry
Authors: Ge Liang
Published: September 2024

Danmei culture, a Chinese literary genre that foregrounds male–male romances and/or erotica, has received significant attention in academia. Studies have investigated how it enables women to resist heteronormativity or forms the escapist route for women to express their desires. Danmei culture has evolved into a transmedia landscape and cultural industry, exploited by the logic of capital. However, to date, danmei writers have not been considered as affective laborers living with precariousness in the cultural industry. Drawing on data from interviews with danmei writers foregrounding the datafication of qing (affects and desires), this article examines the writers’ ambivalent affective labor. The findings illustrate the emergence of an increasingly formulaic writing: by searching, selecting, appropriating, and combining elements from the qing database, danmei writers generate a male homoerotic love story that invokes readers’ affects and desires for better monetization. Pleasure and pain mingle, consolidating the precariousness of the labor. However, affects and desires cannot be fully manipulated, for qing embodies transformative momentum.
High-precision identification and localization of noise sources based on acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Liu Song , Zhao Ren-jie , Lu Jian-hua , Wang Yanlin , Liu Pan-pan , Du Yi-fan
Published: September 2024

Noise pollution may induce physiological diseases. Acoustic modulation can be carried out by accurately identifying and localizing noise sources to achieve noise control. In this paper, a hyperbolic acoustic metamaterial configuration for high-precision identification and localization of noise sources is designed. The effect of hyperlens thickness on focusing imaging is analyzed with finite element analysis software. Based on the acoustic eight-layer lens configuration, the influence of the distance between the point sound source and the hyperlens on the far-field recognition resolution is studied. The acoustic metamaterials designed in this paper can flexibly modulate sound waves and effectively amplify the propagation information of swift waves. Combined with the phase conjugate method in the middle and far fields can realize the breakthrough of the Rayleigh diffraction limit problem in sound source identification. After verification, the experimental results of this paper break through the 0.5 λ acoustic wave diffraction limit under 10 working conditions. So the configuration designed in this paper has high engineering practical value and good application prospects in noise source identification and localization. At the same time, the findings of this paper will also provide novel ideas for underwater target detection on a certain spatial scale.
Ethnic journalism, audiences and community development: An analysis of audience perceptions of fafaa FM’s journalistic activities
Authors: Akpojivi Ufuoma , Fosu Modestus
Published: September 2024

This study broaches a conversation on ethnic media and journalism in Ghana by asking whether Fafaa Radio, a private commercial FM station in Dzodze, practices ethnic journalism based on audience perception of the station's functions and responsibilities. Using mixed methods of survey distributed to 500 participants, in-depth interviews with four purposively selected media practitioners of the station, and document analysis, the study addresses issues relating to Fafaa as an ethnic media outlet. The study occurs within an interpretative analytical approach underpinned by sociological imagination and normative considerations about professionalism in local and national contexts. The findings suggest that Fafaa FM’s audiences believe that the station is an ethnic media organisation because it fulfils the characteristics and tenets of ethnic media. This is evident in the station’s intervention journalism, which seeks to promote the cultural values and interests of its host communities and the station’s revolutionary bottom-up approach to news production. However, Fafaa FM’s ethnic media tendencies raise serious regulatory and conceptualisation issues as the regulatory bodies in Ghana, the National Communication Authority (NCA) and National Media Commission (NMC), do not recognise ethnic media in their classification of types of radio, thereby posing an identity crisis for Fafaa FM.
Re-name the Streets. Toponymic Struggles and Civic Belonging in Murcia (Spain) and Johannesburg (South Africa)
Authors: Dieterich Manuel , Martínez Damián Omar , Nieswand Boris
Published: September 2024

Toponymic struggles are about forms of civic belonging that street names enable or prevent. Drawing on a moral economy perspective, this article examines similarities and differences between struggles over street names in the Spanish city of Murcia and the South African metropolis of Johannesburg. In contrasting these cases, a paradox becomes apparent: While actors in toponymic struggles have to evoke moral goods such as inclusivity, fairness and neutrality to advocate for change or in defense of the status quo, these values are rendered suspect in the very same process. Nonetheless, in the examined cases toponymic struggles lead in part to more inclusive solutions than those originally expected by actors that face each other as adversaries in the local moral economy of toponymic struggles. The article is based on intensive field research in both areas of study, including participant observation, qualitative interviews, online ethnography, and an analysis of newspaper articles and policy documents.
On assistants and researchers: Power, positionality and vulnerability during fieldwork on the Colombian conflict
Authors: Rodríguez Laura Ramírez , Minatti Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

As field researchers have increasingly explored the methodological ‘backstage’ of their fieldwork, the relationship between researcher and assistant has come to the fore. While the literature has discussed gender, coloniality, and exploitation inherent to such work arrangements, less has been written about how the relation conditions and is conditioned by experiences of vulnerability. In this article, an assistant and a researcher address this gap analysing their relationship during a joint fieldwork experience in Colombia in 2021. We argue that the relation between researcher and research assistant should be conceived as being entangled in situations of vulnerability. We focus on vulnerability across and within the relation, highlighting the interactions of researchers and assistants’ positionalities and reflecting on how certain situations can heighten tensions of power and friendship. We show that a conceptualisation of the assistant–researcher relationship as conditioned by vulnerability allows us to consider the ethics arising from this relationship.
Question cards: Putting your cards on the table in the interview process
Authors: Cornwall Andrea
Published: September 2024

This research note introduces the use of question cards as a technique that can aid the interviewing process. Question cards provide a dynamic checklist of themes and questions, affording interviewers and interviewees increased flexibility in shaping dialogue. This approach empowers interviewees by allowing them to influence the interview's direction, determine question order, and contribute their own questions. The transparency facilitated by question cards clarifies the interview's purpose and reduces ambiguity. Additionally, question cards act as visual aids, aiding navigation and enabling both interviewer and interviewee to have a clear sight of the topics for discussion. Importantly, this technique levels the information playing field, granting all parties access to the interview's structure, questions and themes. Post-interview, question cards prove invaluable as prompts for coding and analysis, streamlining data extraction. As such, the research note suggests, the use of question cards has many potential benefits for the qualitative researcher.
Kindness or Intelligence? Angry Men are Perceived as Less Intelligent by Their Female Romantic Partners
Authors: Górniak Jeremiasz , Zajenkowski Marcin , Szymaniak Kinga , Jonason Peter K.
Published: September 2024

We were interested in how people in a romantic relationship would perceive the intelligence of their partners who have high or low trait anger. Specifically, we referred to the tension between compassion (low anger) and competence (high intelligence) in mate choice. Some evolutionary theories suggest that mating might be considered a bargaining process between these two higher-order attributes. Our study involved 148 heterosexual couples in romantic relationships. We measured the relationship between relationship satisfaction, trait anger, objective intelligence, self-assessed intelligence, and subjectively assessed partners' intelligence. We found that angrier men were less satisfied in their romantic relationship than those men who were less angry, and their partners were also less satisfied in the relationship. Additionally, women perceived angrier men as less intelligent, an effect that remained after controlling for men's objective intelligence. Lastly, we found that women's perception of their partner's intelligence mediated the link between men's anger and relationship satisfaction for both sexes. Our findings suggest that both anger and intelligence play important roles in romantic relationship functioning, consistent with evolutionary theories that emphasize the value of competence (i.e., intelligence) and compassion (i.e., low anger) in romantic partners. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of women's perception of their partner's intelligence in determining the quality of the relationship.
Dealing with privilege in a Nordic welfare state? How experiences with, and perceptions of, police, markets, and violence shape decision-making among affluent drug dealers
Authors: Berger Eirik Jerven
Published: September 2024

Recent research on privileged drug offenders argues that they are at an advantage compared to marginalized people dealing drugs. The main question asked in this article is whether this is also the case in a more egalitarian country like Norway, and if it influences dealers’ decision-making. Findings reveal that privileged drug dealers believed they were at an advantage when it came to police and customers compared to people with an ethnic minority background or people dealing in open drug markets, but at a disadvantage in relation to violence and robberies. With regards to decision-making, believing they had advantages in encounters with the police informed their decision to be cooperative expecting fair treatment. Believing they were at an advantage with affluent customers in wealthy communities, and at a disadvantage with more street-oriented drug dealers, restricted privileged drug dealers' dealing to affluent low-risk contexts. The advantages and disadvantages privileged drug dealers talk about in interviews arguably reflect real-life drug market inequalities but are also a mechanism shaping decision-making that may reproduce drug market inequality. The study adds knowledge to the nascent literature on affluent drug dealers by introducing a novel case.
PD-1 Targeted Antibody Discovery Using AI Protein Diffusion
Authors: Ford Colby T.
Published: September 2024

The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1, CD279) is an important therapeutic target in many oncological diseases. This checkpoint protein inhibits T lymphocytes from attacking other cells in the body and thus blocking it improves the clearance of tumor cells by the immune system. While there are already multiple FDA-approved anti-PD-1 antibodies, including nivolumab ( Opdivo® from Bristol-Myers Squibb) and pembrolizumab ( Keytruda® from Merck), there are ongoing efforts to discover new and improved checkpoint inhibitor therapeutics. In this study, we present multiple anti-PD-1 antibody fragments that were derived computationally using protein diffusion and evaluated through our scalable, in silico pipeline. Here we present nine synthetic Fv structures that are suitable for further empirical testing of their anti-PD-1 activity due to desirable predicted binding performance.
Progressive Acute Lower Extremity Ischemia Resulting From Cardiac Myxoma Embolization: A Case Report
Authors: Boada-Sandoval Pablo M. , Bizueto-Rosas Héctor , Martínez-Bravo Luis E.
Published: September 2024

Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary benign tumors of the heart. The occlusion of peripheral arteries and complete obstruction of the abdominal aorta by a tumor embolus presents with distinct clinical manifestations. Herein, we present the case of a 38-year-old male with acute paresthesia, muscle weakness, erythematous, and violaceous changes in skin color localized to the dorsum of the left forefoot initially treated as cutaneous vasculitis. Further studies revealed the total occlusion of the terminal abdominal aorta by a saddle embolus from a cardiac myxoma. A multidisciplinary team consisting of cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons were involved in treating the patient, which resulted in full resolution of the case. This paper details the progression of acute bilateral limb ischemia to chronic limb threatening ischemia resulting from the total occlusion of the terminal abdominal aorta by a saddle embolus.
Duplex Study of Right Popliteal Artery Revealed Adventitial Cystic Disease Followed by Surgical Repair
Authors: Kim Patrick
Published: September 2024

This case study reports a right lower extremity arterial duplex study of cystic adventitial disease in the popliteal artery, an uncommon disorder repaired by a conventional procedure, an arterial bypass graft.
“A Spider on Your Shoulder”: Workplace Sexual Harassment Through a Narrative Lens
Authors: Vossler Christine , Presser Lois , Mulder Eva
Published: September 2024

We theorize workplace sexual harassment in terms of narrative. Two case studies – one at Ford Motor Company plants, the other involving former New York State governor Andrew Cuomo – ground thematic analysis of victims’ accounts of experiences of harassment and commentary on their capacity to give accounts. We identify six challenges - features of workplace harassment and its social context - that victims face in narrating harassment, which facilitate abuse and undermine redress: (1) ambiguity of meaning; (2) stepwise harassment; (3) coerced co-participation; (4) admonitions/mechanisms against telling; (5) competing narrative constructions; and (6) storyteller marginalization. Anti-harassment efforts should target these challenges.
Wind environment and pollutant dispersion around high-rise buildings with different void space structures
Authors: Meng Linyu , Li Botong , Si Xinhui , Cao Chenguang
Published: September 2024

In modern cities, the designs of high-rise buildings are no longer limited to a simple hexahedron. Void spaces emerge where designers add terraces into the building, setting up leisure areas, wind turbines, fresh air systems, etc. As void space structures have a significant impact on the wind environment and pollutant dispersion around high-rise buildings, this study conducts computational fluid dynamics numerical simulations on six high-rise building models with different void region structures. The findings show that both the position and size of void space structures have significant impacts on the wind environment and pollutant dispersion around high-rise buildings. A wall in the wind path in the void space can reduce the wind force and can lower the pollutant concentration on the leeward side. Therefore, it is deemed advisable to set up a leisure area or sky garden in the leeward of this layer of this structure. In addition, when the void space is located just in the middle of the void region layer, pollutants can easily accumulate on the leeward side. Therefore, a fresh air system should be installed at the leeward side to remove pollutants and wind turbines can be installed in voids with high wind speed to use wind power.
Trauma-informed counseling for individuals who have an intellectual developmental disorder: Considerations for mental health counselors
Authors: McAllister Christine A , Rausch Meredith A , Kress Victoria E
Published: September 2024

Individuals with an intellectual developmental disorder are four times more likely to have a co-occurring mental health diagnosis, as compared to the general population, and 60%-80% of individuals with IDDs have experienced at least one form of abuse. However, counselors receive little training to adequately help this population. In this article, counseling considerations related to individuals who have intellectual development disorder are discussed, with a particular focus on the presence of trauma in this population. Trauma-focused treatment, potential mental health issues, counseling considerations, general issues related to counseling this population, and common associated mental health experiences among this population are addressed. Specific evidence-based counseling approaches, modifications to counseling, and best practices that can be helpful when counseling this population are presented. Due to the unique challenges that individuals with IDDs face, it is essential that counselors address the counseling and mental health needs of this population.
International partnership of Japanese university: Reciprocity and stratification of study abroad
Authors: Kato Maki , Ota Kazusa
Published: September 2024

This study investigated international partnership held by Japanese universities focusing on their student exchange reciprocity shown in tuition fees and institutional stratification. Using data in academic year 2017, we found that there were 26,747 agreements in Japan as a whole, with Asia accounting for about half, followed by Europe and North America. The number of agreements per student was about three times as large for national institutions and about twice as large for municipal institutions compared to private institutions. The results showed that 57.2% agreements have mutual tuition waiver, which were varied by regions of partners, with an average rate in Asia and approximately higher in Europe and 10% lower in North America. It varies by hierarchy of Japanese universities. For both national and private institutions, quantity and quality of student exchange agreements are varied. As expected, the higher the tier, the greater quantity and higher quality in partnerships.
Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Citrus Peel Through Solid Phase Extraction and QuEChERS as Clean-up Methods
Authors: Anticona Mayra , Lopez-Malo Daniel , Frigola Ana , Blesa Jesus , Esteve Maria Jose
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Citrus peel, one of the main byproducts of the food industry, is an important source of phenolic compounds with preventive and protective effects. The analysis of these compounds has been widely described, however, information on the purification methods of the extracts is limited.

Objective

The objective of the present study is to determine the purification method that favors the obtaining of phenolic compounds from citrus peel extracts.

Methods

Oranges ( C. sinensis) and mandarins ( C. reticulata) were purchased from a local supermarket (Valencia, Spain). The peels were separated manually and cut into pieces of 25 mm2. An ultrasound-assisted extraction was performed (30 min, 400 W, < 40 °C). Purification by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) was carried out using cartridges with 200 mg of C18. The QuEChERS procedure was performed using 2 ml DisQUE™ Tubes. The profile of phenolic compounds was analyzed by HPLC-UV.

Results

The major compounds in the samples were narirutin and hesperidin. Differences were determined according to both purification methods (p < 0.05). Hesperidin was higher in orange peel samples (2229 µg/g FW), while the highest amount of narirutin was obtained in tangerine peel (440 µg/g FW).

Conclusion

The sample purification methods are selective. The QuEChERS method showed a greater recovery of phenolic acids and quercetin. The content of phenolic acids was higher in mandarin peel samples.
Analyzing and evaluating the prevalence and metabolic profile of lean NAFLD compared to obese NAFLD: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fatima Hareer , Sohail Rangwala Hussain , Mustafa Muhammad Saqlain , Shafique Muhammad Ashir , Abbas Syed Raza , Sohail Rangwala Burhanuddin
Published: September 2024

Background:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver condition affecting 25%–40% of the worldwide population. NAFLD is traditionally related to obesity and metabolic disorders. NAFLD can also affect non-obese individuals, termed “lean NAFLD” (LN), who exhibit a paradoxical combination of physical leanness and metabolic obesity. Factors contributing to LN remain unclear, necessitating further research. This analysis aims to understand LN’s prevalence and metabolic characteristics compared to obese NAFLD (ON) populations.

Methods:

This meta-analysis searched various databases until August 1, 2023. Inclusion criteria involved observational studies comparing LN with overweight/obese NAFLD. Data extraction included baseline characteristics, disease occurrence, metabolic profile, and clinical parameters—statistical analysis employed calculating risk ratios (RR) and standard mean differences.

Results:

Twenty-five studies were analyzed. LN is associated with lower prevalence in both NAFLD (RR 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14–0.52, p = <0.0001) and total (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.15–0.51, p < 0.0001) population. LN had lower diabetes mellitus (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.71–0.87, p < 0.00001), dyslipidemia (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.79–0.95, p = 0.002), hypertension (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.74–0.87, p < 0.00001), and metabolic syndrome (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.31–0.64, p < 0.00001) compared to those with ON. The LN group’s lipid profile, blood pressure, and other clinical parameters were favorable compared to ON.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of NAFLD among lean and non-lean individuals varies by region. Our analysis revealed that LN is associated with lower metabolic diseases, fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, and a more favorable lipid profile compared to ON.
Sentiment analysis of microblog text based on sentiment dictionary
Authors: S Gnanapriya , K Anandan
Published: September 2024

This study introduces a method for sentiment analysis applied to microblog texts, leveraging a sentiment dictionary. Focused on discerning sentiments as positive, negative, or neutral, the research incorporates a sentiment dictionary tailored for microblog content. The experiment employs a dataset pertaining to the new coronavirus epidemic collected from a microblogging platform for testing and compares the outcomes with those of existing methods. Key enhancements include the integration of a microblog-specific emotion dictionary and the formulation of semantic rules designed for the nuances of Chinese text. Results demonstrate improved accuracy in text emotion recognition, outperforming traditional methods and achieving notable accuracies for positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. Objective: To develop and implement a robust sentiment analysis model for microblog text, leveraging a comprehensive sentiment dictionary to accurately classify the emotional tone and polarity of textual data. The model aims to enhance the understanding of user sentiments on microblogging platforms by examining the nuances of text and identifying positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. The analysis will facilitate the extraction of insights from large volumes of user-generated content, enabling applications such as social media monitoring, brand perception analysis, and opinion tracking.
From data to decisions: Leveraging AI to enhance online travel agency operations
Authors: Surbakti Feliks Prasepta Sejahtera , Perdana Arif , Indulska Marta , Liono Jonathan , Arief Irvan Bastian
Published: September 2024

This case study explores the critical success factors (CSFs) that drive the effective utilisation of artificial intelligence at tiket.com, an established online travel agency in Indonesia. Through in-depth interviews with key employees, this case identifies and describes essential elements that contribute to the successful deployment of data science initiatives, which are essential for enhancing operational efficiency and competitive advantage in the digital travel industry. This study explores how tiket.com leverages a problem-driven approach, cost–benefit analysis, data understanding, top management support, collaboration, communication, essential knowledge and skills, and operational agility to address specific business challenges and foster continuous innovation and customer-centric strategies. By analysing real-world applications and employee insights, this case highlights how tailored artificial intelligence strategies can significantly impact business outcomes, providing valuable lessons for the broader travelling and entertainment sector.
Mature Cystic Teratoma of Anterior Mediastinum in a Child: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Barabrah Anas M. , Zaben Basel , Tuqan Anas R. , Salah Omar , Shehadeh Mohammad Hakam , Eideh Hasan , Amro Wael
Published: September 2024

Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas are rare benign germ cell tumors that predominantly affect children. Despite their low incidence, they present unique diagnostic and management challenges. Early recognition and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. This case report aims to highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of mediastinal mature cystic teratomas in pediatric patients. We present the case of a 10-year-old female patient who presented with persistent chest pain and dyspnea. Imaging studies, including a chest X-ray and contrast-enhanced chest CT scan, revealed a large, well-circumscribed anterior mediastinal mass with calcifications. The patient underwent a right thoracotomy, resulting in the excision of a 6 × 5 × 5 cm mature cystic teratoma. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged in stable condition. Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas pose diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms and heterogeneous imaging characteristics. Differential diagnosis includes other mediastinal masses containing fat and calcifications. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment, although complete removal can be challenging due to adhesions to neighboring structures. Close follow-up is necessary to monitor for recurrence and complications. Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas are rare tumors with variable clinical presentations. Early detection and surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. These tumors should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for mediastinal masses in pediatric patients.
Comparing Access to Engaging Hill-Sachs Lesions Between the Modified Posterior Deltoid Split Approach and Standard Deltopectoral Approach for Bone Grafting
Authors: Bond Elizabeth C. , Bryniarski Anna R. , Udoh Imoh , Wittstein Jocelyn R. , Lau Brian C. , Taylor Dean C. , Dickens Jonathan F.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Hill-Sachs lesions are common after shoulder instability, and treatment options vary but include remplissage or implantation of structural bone graft. Large Hill-Sachs lesions not addressed by remplissage are challenging to manage and may frequently require an open surgical approach for bone filling treatment options. The optimal approach to maximize visualization of the humeral head during these procedures remains unclear.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to compare the area of the humeral head accessed using a modified posterior deltoid split approach versus a standard deltopectoral approach without surgical dislocation, with particular attention to access of engaging Hill-Sachs lesions for the purpose of bone grafting in the setting of anterior shoulder instability. It was hypothesized that both approaches would provide equal access to a simulated Hill-Sachs lesion.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Four human cadaveric shoulders were mounted in the beach-chair position. The modified posterior deltoid split approach and nonextensile deltopectoral approaches were performed. A typical Hill-Sachs lesion was simulated on the humeri. The percentage of the total surface area of the humeral head that was accessed, including access to the simulated Hill-Sachs lesion, was mapped using 3-dimensional digitizing software.

Results:

The deltopectoral approach provided 45% ± 15.2% access (range, 24% to 58%) to the humeral head versus 22.2% ± 6.1% (range, 17% to 30%) for the modified posterior deltoid split approach ( P = .057). The modified posterior deltoid split approach enabled 100% access of the simulated Hill-Sachs lesion compared with 0% for the nonextensile deltopectoral approach. The angle of access to the articular surface was direct and perpendicular with the modified posterior deltoid split approach.

Conclusion:

The overall surface area of the humeral head accessed via the modified posterior deltoid split approach was less compared with the deltopectoral approach; however, the entire area of a typical Hill-Sachs lesion was able to be accessed from the modified posterior deltoid split approach, whereas this area was not well visualized from the standard deltopectoral approach.

Clinical Relevance:

The modified posterior deltoid split approach provided sufficient access to the humeral head for the purposes of grafting an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion in the setting of anterior shoulder instability.
Using Integrated Operating Rooms to Improve Workflow: Mapping Review
Authors: Jacob Sheryl , Gonzales Ruth Ann , Asan Onur
Published: September 2024

This study aims to understand the impacts of the Integrated Operating Rooms (IOR) from a clinical standpoint and determine if the cost and learning curve are worth the clinical outcomes. We explored if the implementation of IORs poses a burden to the medical personnel who have to interact and depend on the technology or if streamlining workflows and increasing collaboration, turnover, treatment time, and clinical outcomes are improved. We utilized the mapping literature review method by collecting relevant literature from PubMed and Google Scholar. Eight articles were identified after screening the results from the mesh term search. The articles widely varied in their publication source, target audience, and research type; however, most papers were published within the last five years. Current research on IORs provides positive outcomes on its implementation. The frequency of IOR research only continues to increase as IORs become more utilized in hospital systems. Based on the review, IORs were found to improve workflow and reduce stress.
Machine Learning and Human Expertise in the Balance: Generative AI in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Montalvo Fernando , Pavlov Kathren , Thai Phuoc , Devkota Bijita , Takahashi Brandon
Published: September 2024

Generative artificial intelligence chatbots are undergoing a rapid surge in popularity and use adoption across various industries. Healthcare is one of the many industries undergoing shifts in knowledge acquisition and decision-making as medical professionals learn to interact with the technology and implement it in various aspects of their everyday practice. As a result, healthcare professionals and institutions need to understand the risks involved when generative AI is introduced into information-seeking and decision-making processes, as well as how individual differences among users shift the type of risk, as well as its potential for occurring. The present research presents a framework to guide understanding of risks and opportunities at the intersection of medical expertise, AI use-expertise, and generative AI-dependence. The framework will help researchers and healthcare professionals understand human-AI risk, drive the technology towards practical implementations, and design generative AI systems which are transparent and flexible.
Effects of Neurodivergence on Deepfake-Video Detection: Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tidler Zachary R. , Catrambone Richard
Published: September 2024

This study was a follow up to previous work (Tidler & Catrambone, 2021) which showed that one’s ability to correctly identify emotional states of others based on their facial expressions is strongly, positively correlated with their ability to detect fabricated videos known as “deepfake” videos. Because there has historically been a theoretical association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the aforementioned affect detection ability, this study was designed to address the question of whether those with ASD are less able to detect deepfake videos compared to neurotypical counterparts. Thirty participants who self-reported having been formally diagnosed with ASD were compared with twenty-six participants who self-reported not having been diagnosed with ASD in terms of their performance on a deepfake-video detection task. Although no significant performance differences were observed, the ASD group was significantly more confident in their judgments of the videos’ authenticity. The results of this study, while preliminary, potentially help to identify groups that may be particularly susceptible to deception via deepfake video so that steps can be taken to mitigate potentially dangerous outcomes of this susceptibility.
Improving Cognitive Safety in High-Risk Patients: A Cognitive Assessment-based Approach
Authors: Chignell Mark , Iglar Alyssa , Singh Megan , Furlano Michael , Hall Trevor , Morton J. Bruce , Lee Jacques
Published: September 2024

As a first step towards enhanced awareness and monitoring of cognitive safety, we review relevant literature and develop a list of cognitively risky medical interventions that have been frequently cited. We then focus on delirium as a major contributor to cognitive decline and review current and emerging methods of clinical assessment of cognitive status, assessing their utility as cognitive safety monitoring tools in clinical practice. We conclude by proposing a framework for improving cognitive safety in healthcare.
Measuring Technology's Impact on the Perception of Autonomy and Dignity in Older Adults: A Scale Development
Authors: Gleaton Emily , Catrambone Richard
Published: September 2024

The goal of this study was to develop a scale that measures the impact of technology on older adults’ perception of their autonomy and dignity. The Measure of Autonomy, Dignity, and Technology (MADT) was given to 60 older adults aged 65–90 years. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted and two distinct factors, reflecting dignity and autonomy, emerged. Additionally, to ensure that the developed items measured the intended constructs, the study assessed the convergent and discriminant validity of the MADT by correlating the items with established measures of similar constructs. Significant correlations were found between the construct of autonomy captured by the MADT items and the items in the General Decision-Making Style-Dependent Subscale (GDMSD; Scott & Bruce, 1995). There was no correlation between the construct of dignity in the MADT items and the constructs captured by the GDMSD. This indicates that the GDMS is not capturing the construct of dignity, therefore establishing discriminant validity. Similarly, there were few correlations found between the MADT construct of autonomy and the items in the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIDAS). This indicates that the construct of autonomy is not well captured in the PIDAS. Significant correlations were found between constructs of autonomy and dignity in the MADT and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Social Influences Subscale (Venkatesh et al., 2003) meaning there was evidence to suggest that the MADT and UTAUT are capturing the same constructs. Ultimately, the results of this study indicate that there are complexities in the interactions between technology and user perception of autonomy and dignity in older adults. Moreover, these results demonstrate the need for a more nuanced measurement tool to capture the aspects of user experience specifically related to the perceptions of autonomy and dignity in the user.
“HeRoEs WoRk HeRe”: An Exploration of the Impact of Pandemic Virtue Signaling on Nursing Culture
Authors: Babalola Grace , Felag Jack , Sarkar Sumantra , Ertem Zeynep , Walter Shannon , Roberts Marie-Claire Rosenberg , Jesso Stephanie Tulk
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted healthcare systems and increased risks of moral distress and burnout among nurses and other healthcare workers. Past research indicates organizational culture can also contribute to burnout. During the pandemic, the term “healthcare heroes” was frequently used to express gratitude towards nurses and other healthcare workers. However, we argue that this phenomenon can be classified as a “virtue signal”, where a low-effort expression of moral support is used to justify or excuse a lack of real support through improved working conditions or fair compensation. This study explores how the usage of the label “hero” grew to signify frustration over nurses’ working conditions by examining social media posts on the r/nursing subreddit within the Reddit community. Data from 2018-2022 was analyzed to record the monthly usage of keywords related to nurses' experiences within pre, early, and late pandemic periods. Results indicate that the usage of and relationships between our keywords changed significantly over the course of the pandemic. The frequency of usage of the word “hero” spiked at the very start of the pandemic, but was later eclipsed by usage of the words “union” in the late pandemic period. “Netnographic” observations revealed how terms like “hero” and “pizza party” were frequently used in nurses’ posts to call out organizational virtue signaling and lack of appreciation. Our findings suggest that while the term “hero” was sometimes perceived as a virtue signal even before the pandemic, the usage of “hero” by nurses in r/nursing grew to signify an overall perception of a lack of support from healthcare organizations and the general public which may have led to increased motivation to unionize.
Artificial Intelligence for Emergency Medical Service
Authors: Usher Katie , Park Junho , Son Changwon
Published: September 2024

In this scoping review, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and smart technologies within Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is thoroughly examined as a strategy to overcome the inherent challenges faced by EMS personnel. These challenges encompass physical strain, cognitive overload, emotional stress, and issues with trainings. The paper emphasizes the critical role AI can play in resolving physical and cognitive demands, enhancing decision-making processes, optimizing resource allocation, and improving emergency response efficiency. The review identifies and categorizes the primary obstacles within EMS operations. It proposes innovative AI-driven solutions, including the use of exoskeletons for physical support, smart glasses for augmented cognitive assistance, AI systems dedicated to monitoring and supporting emotional health, and the application of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) for advanced and realistic training scenarios. The findings suggest that such technological advancements can significantly elevate the operational capacity of EMS, ensuring a higher level of safety and efficiency, while also fostering a supportive environment for EMS personnel and enhancing patient care. This paper contributes a novel perspective to the literature by mapping out a future where AI and smart technologies play a pivotal role in transforming emergency medical services into more effective, resilient, and human-centered operations, ultimately advancing the field towards better preparedness and response capabilities in emergency situations. The potential solutions suggested in this study can be referred to be used for future research topics.