bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of lithium dendrite growth with highly concentrated ions: cellular automaton simulation and surrogate model with ensemble neural networks
Authors: Gao Tong , Qian Ziwei , Chen Hongbo , Shahbazian-Yassar Reza , Nakamura Issei
Published: December 2021

Our lattice simulation accounts for the significant inhibition of lithium-dendrite growth in ionic liquids. We also show that our ensemble neural networks can further capture this simulation, which significantly reduces statistical sampling in the lattice simulation.
Carbon dots: a novel platform for biomedical applications
Authors: Behi Mohammadreza , Gholami Leila , Naficy Sina , Palomba Stefano , Dehghani Fariba
Published: December 2021

Carbon dots are a class of carbon-based nanostructures known as zero-dimensional nanomaterials. They have received a great deal of attention due to their distinctive features, which includes optical properties, ease of passivation, simple synthetic route.
Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets hybridized with bacteriochlorin–carotenoid conjugates for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Sun Xiaoli , Li Yuanlin , Wang Xiao-Feng , Fujii Ritsuko , Yamano Yumiko , Kitao Osamu , Sasaki Shin-ichi
Published: December 2021

Development of efficient photocatalysts with a wide spectral range for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a promising way to address the current energy and environmental crises.
Nearly monodisperse Dy2Sn2O7nanospheres: hydrothermal synthesis without a template or surfactant and effective sonocatalytic performance
Authors: Shi Zhaoxia , Ma Jinxiu , Li Feng , Li Taohai
Published: December 2021

Nearly monodisperse Dy2Sn2O7nanospheres were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method, and were used for the ultrasonic catalytic degradation of organic dyes.
Microscopic study of ion transport in the porous electrode of a desalination battery based on the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Yao Shouguang , Luo Jianguo , Liu Rui , Shen Xiaoyu , Huang Xinyu
Published: December 2021

Cation Intercalation Desalination (CID).
Nano Ag/AgCl wires-photocatalyzed hydrogen production and transfer hydrogenation of Knoevenagel-type products
Authors: Attia Yasser A. , Mohamed Yasser M. A.
Published: December 2021

An investigation of the relationship between the morphology of Ag/AgCl nanostructured composites with their catalytic performance has been reported.
Azo dyes containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole fragment: synthesis and properties
Authors: Selivanova Galina , Skolyapova Alexandrina , Wang Jiaying , Karpova Elena , Shundrina Inna , Bagryanskaya Irina , Amosov Evgeny
Published: December 2021

New 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives containing a diazenyl group, as well as simultaneously a diazenyl and an imino group were synthesized.
Tetrazole conjoined organosilane and organosilatrane via the ‘click approach’: a potent Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl ACP reductase inhibitor and a dual sensor for Fe(iii) and Cu(ii) ions
Authors: Singh Gurjaspreet , Priyanka  , Sushma  , Pawan  , Diksha  , Suman  , Mohit  , Devi Anita , Gupta Sofia
Published: December 2021

This article includes the synthesis and characterization of tetrazole-allied organosilane and organosilatrane. The tetrazole-allied silatrane was explored for molecular docking and optical aspects.
Synthesis of Fe-doped NiO nanosheets on carbon cloth for improved catalytic performance in Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Song Kefan , Yuan Lefan , Liu Zeyu , Qiao Handan , Yu Yawei , Shen Xiaodong , Hu Xiulan
Published: December 2021

The substitution of Ni2+ in NiO with Fe3+ can significantly improve the cycling stability and discharge/recharge capacities of Li–O2 batteries.
PiPo: random copolymers of C- with N-substituted glycines
Authors: Wang Siqi , Chen Wanli , Ling Jun
Published: December 2021

This letter introduces a method to obtain PiPo by the copolymerization of N-phenyloxycarbonyl-amino acids initiated by primary amine. The obtained PiPo have adjustable solubility in water and organic solvents to assemble into nanoparticles.
O-BODIPYs as fluorescent labels for sugars: glucose, xylose and ribose
Authors: Kanyan Deepika , Horacek-Glading Miriana , Wildervanck Martijn J. , Söhnel Tilo , Ware David C. , Brothers Penelope J.
Published: December 2021

Fluorescent 1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 sugar-O-BODIPY conjugates of glucose, xylose and ribose were characterised by 1H–11B HMBC and 11B NMR to discriminate between boron bound to 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-diol sites and furanose/pyranose sugar forms.
A novel biosensor based on Blu-ray disc coating film for determination of total amino acid content in tea leaves
Authors: Chu Lanling , Wang Yunzheng , Zhou Yu , Kang Xuejun
Published: December 2021

The novel biosensor substrate material based on a simple BD coating film displayed preferable merits with high surface activity, low cost, easy making, easy using, and extensive application prospect.
Ammonium-to-sodium ion-exchange process at the interlayer of octacalcium phosphate
Authors: Sugiura Yuki , Makita Yoji , Horie Masanori
Published: December 2021

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) has been considered as the layer component of calcium phosphate, but whether it achieves the ionic-exchange ability of conventional layer components is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the evidence of ionic exchange process at the interlayer of OCP.
Facilely prepared aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanocrystals with deep-red emission for super-resolution imaging
Authors: Xu Ruohan , Dang Dongfeng , Wang Zhi , Zhou Yu , Xu Yanzi , Zhao Yizhen , Wang Xiaochi , Yang Zhiwei , Meng Lingjie
Published: December 2021

AIE nanocrystals with high brightness in the deep-red region were facilely prepared by kinetically controlled nanoprecipitation. These nanocrystals were then applied in super-resolution cellular imaging via STED nanoscopy.
Chaperones mainly suppress primary nucleation during formation of functional amyloid required for bacterial biofilm formation
Authors: Nagaraj Madhu , Najarzadeh Zahra , Pansieri Jonathan , Biverstål Henrik , Musteikyte Greta , Smirnovas Vytautas , Matthews Steve , Emanuelsson Cecilia , Johansson Janne , Buxbaum Joel N. , Morozova-Roche Ludmilla , Otzen Daniel E.
Published: December 2021

Unlike misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases, aggregation of functional amyloids involved in bacterial biofilm,e.g.CsgA (E. coli) and FapC (Pseudomonas), is carefully regulated.
Rheo-SAXS study of shear-induced orientation and relaxation of cellulose nanocrystal and montmorillonite nanoplatelet dispersions
Authors: Munier Pierre , Hadi Seyed Ehsan , Segad Mo , Bergström Lennart
Published: December 2021

The shear-induced orientation in the flow direction increases with increasing shear rate. The relaxation of the CNC:MNT in comparison to CNC-only dispersion was found to be strongly retarded due to the addition of MNT, which promotes gel formation.
The effect of rigid cells on blood viscosity: linking rheology and sickle cell anemia
Authors: Perazzo Antonio , Peng Zhangli , Young Y.-N. , Feng Zhe , Wood David K. , Higgins John M. , Stone Howard A.
Published: December 2021

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease that impairs red blood cells (RBCs) with reduced deformability. Using experiments and simulations we show that rigidified RBCs increase the viscosity of blood more effectively than does adhesion between RBCs.
Neutron reflectometry-based in situ structural analysis of an aligning agent additive for the alignment of nematic liquid crystals on solid substrates
Authors: Nemoto Fumiya , Yamada Norifumi L. , Hino Masahiro , Aoki Hiroyuki , Seto Hideki
Published: December 2021

We investigated the structure of additives mixed with nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) adsorbed on substrates by neutron reflectometry. The alignment of NLCs and additives depends on the additive concentration and the surface condition.
Reinforcement learning reveals fundamental limits on the mixing of active particles
Authors: Schildknecht Dominik , Popova Anastasia N. , Stellwagen Jack , Thomson Matt
Published: December 2021

Active matter is emerging as a platform to control chemical processes. We show using reinforcement learning that active matter can be used for microscopic mixing if current platforms are extended to use combined attractive and repulsive interactions.
Controlling toughness of polymer-grafted nanoparticle composites for impact mitigation
Authors: Chen Shawn H. , Souna Amanda J. , Stranick Stephan J. , Jhalaria Mayank , Kumar Sanat K. , Soles Christopher L. , Chan Edwin P.
Published: December 2021

Polymer toughness is typically dictated by the entanglement density. Here we demonstrate a new paradigmviapolymer-grafted nanocomposites that couples segmental dynamics with the entanglement concept for enhanced toughness at high deformation rates.
The fuzzy sphere morphology is responsible for the increase in light scattering during the shrinkage of thermoresponsive microgels
Authors: Ponomareva Ekaterina , Tadgell Ben , Hildebrandt Marco , Krüsmann Marcel , Prévost Sylvain , Mulvaney Paul , Karg Matthias
Published: December 2021

Thermoresponsive microgels undergo a volume phase transition from a swollen state under good solvent conditions to a collapsed state under poor solvent conditions.
A self-oscillating gel system with complex dynamic behavior based on a time delay between the oscillations
Authors: Li Xiuchen , Li Jie , Zheng Zhaohui , Deng Jinni , Pan Yi , Ding Xiaobin
Published: December 2021

A series of self-oscillating gels with different cross-linking densities are designed and fabricated. Due to the time delay between chemical and mechanical oscillation, they exhibit different oscillating behaviors. The disrupted mechanical oscillations tend to be regular and periodic under inhibited conditions.
Silica: ubiquitous poison of metal oxide interfaces
Authors: Staerz Anna , Seo Han Gil , Defferriere Thomas , Tuller Harry L.
Published: December 2021

In this review, we consider the detrimental effects of Si-contamination on electrochemical applications, broadly conceived, in which both ions and electrons play key roles in device operation and where exchange of oxygen between the gas and solid phase is likewise essential for operation.
Hierarchical porous metal–organic framework materials for efficient oil–water separation
Authors: Saini Haneesh , Otyepková Eva , Schneemann Andreas , Zbořil Radek , Otyepka Michal , Fischer Roland A. , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina
Published: December 2021

This review critically summarizes nanoporous MOFs and their hybrids/derivatives for oil–water application in the form of filtration materials, absorbents and adsorbents including their recent progress in synthesis, design, and critical challenges.
Correction: Magnetic mesoporous silica/ε-polylysine nanomotor-based removers of blood Pb2+
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Xu Tingting , Wang Meng , Mao Chun , Chi Bo
Published: December 2021

Correction for ‘Magnetic mesoporous silica/ε-polylysine nanomotor-based removers of blood Pb2+’ by Zhiyong Liu et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2020, 8, 11055–11062, DOI: 10.1039/D0TB02270E.
Efficient and stable low-cost perovskite solar cells enabled by using surface passivated carbon as the counter electrode
Authors: Chen Yiming , Wu Shenghan , Li Xiaohui , Liu Meiyue , Chen Zeng , Zhang Putao , Li Shengjun
Published: December 2021

Carbon-based hole-transport-layer free perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) have attracted much attention due to their low cost, simple preparation process and high stability.
Tau aggregation and its relation to selected forms of neuronal cell death
Authors: Tolkovsky Aviva M. , Spillantini Maria Grazia
Published: December 2021

How neurons die in neurodegenerative diseases is still unknown. The distinction between apoptosis as a genetically controlled mechanism, and necrosis, which was viewed as an unregulated process, has blurred with the ever-increasing number of necrotic-like death subroutines underpinned by genetically defined pathways. It is therefore pertinent to ask whether any of them apply to neuronal cell death in tauopathies. Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent tauopathy, tauopathies comprise an array of over 30 diseases in which the cytoplasmic protein tau aggregates in neurons, and also, in some diseases, in glia. Animal models have sought to distil the contribution of tau aggregation to the cell death process but despite intensive research, no one mechanism of cell death has been unequivocally defined. The process of tau aggregation, and the fibrillar structures that form, touch on so many cellular functions that there is unlikely to be a simple linear pathway of death; as one is blocked another is likely to take the lead. It is timely to ask how far we have advanced into defining whether any of the molecular players in the new death subroutines participate in the death process. Here we briefly review the currently known cell death routines and explore what is known about their participation in tau aggregation-related cell death. We highlight the involvement of cell autonomous and the more recent non-cell autonomous pathways that may enhance tau-aggregate toxicity, and discuss recent findings that implicate microglial phagocytosis of live neurons with tau aggregates as a mechanism of death.
Noise Exposure and Use of Hearing Protection Among Adolescents in Rural Areas
Authors: Reel Leigh Ann , Hicks Candace Bourland , Arnold Courtney
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) has been found in rural children, potentially due to occupational and recreational noise exposure without consistent use of hearing protection devices (HPDs). However, questions remain regarding the specifics of rural adolescents' noise exposure and use of hearing protection around different types of noise. As such, the purpose of the current study was to provide preliminary results on rural adolescents' noise exposure and use of hearing protection for gunfire, heavy machinery, power tools, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), and music.

Method:

A questionnaire was administered to 197 students (seventh to 12th grade) from rural schools in West Texas. Questions were related to noise exposure and use of HPDs for specific categories of noise. Testing was performed at the schools, with an investigator recording each student's responses.

Results:

Approximately 18%–44% of adolescents reported exposure 12 or more times a year to gunfire, heavy machinery, power tools, and ATVs. Only 1%–18% of the adolescents reported never being exposed to such noise sources. Almost half of rural adolescents never used hearing protection around gunfire, and 77%–91% reported never wearing hearing protection when exposed to heavy machinery, power tools, and ATVs.

Conclusions:

The current study revealed that rural adolescents are exposed to noise sources that could damage their hearing. However, the majority of rural adolescents do not consistently wear hearing protection. Additional research is now needed to extend these findings by assessing rural adolescents' duration of exposure to different noise sources, in addition to investigating prevention of NIHL in this population.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17139335
A joint clutter suppression method based on robust principal component analysis and total variation denoising
Authors: Xu Bangzhen , Lu Xingyu , GU Hong , Su Weimin
Published: December 2021

In the scene of ground moving target detection, the target echo information is often corrupted by strong clutter. In this letter, a joint clutter suppression algorithm is proposed based on robust principal component analysis and total variation denoising for pulse Doppler radar. The novel method named total variation‐ robust principal component analysis replaces the l1‐norm in robust principal component analysis algorithm with a total variation seminorm. Total variation robust principal component analysis retains the clutter suppression ability of robust principal component analysis, and effectively separates the target from the noise in range‐Doppler domain.
Duality in spatially resolved star formation relations in local LIRGs
Authors: Sánchez-García M. , Pereira-Santaella M. , García-Burillo S. , Colina L. , Alonso-Herrero A. , Villar-Martín M. , Saito T. , Díaz-Santos T. , Piqueras López J. , Arribas S. , Bellocchi E. , Cazzoli S. , Labiano A.
Published: December 2021

We analyse the star formation (SF) relations in a sample of 16 nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) with more than 2800 regions defined on scales of 90 to 500 pc. We used ALMA to map the distribution of the cold molecular gas traced by the J = 2–1 line of CO and archival Paα HST/NICMOS imaging to trace the recent SF. In four objects we find two different branches in the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation at 90 pc scales, suggesting the existence of a duality in this relation. The two branches correspond to two different dynamical environments within each galaxy. One branch, which corresponds to the central region of these galaxies (90% of the regions are located at radii < 0.85 kpc), shows higher gas and SF rate surface densities with higher velocity dispersion. The other branch, which shows lower molecular gas and SF rate surface densities, corresponds to the more external disk regions (r ∼ 1 kpc). Despite the scatter, the SF efficiency of the galaxies with dual behaviour increases with increasing boundedness as measured by the b parameter (b≡ ΣH2/σ2 ∝ αvir−1). At larger spatial scales (250 and 500 pc), the duality disappears. The rest of the sample does not show evidence of this dual behaviour at any scale.
Structural parameters of 389 local open clusters
Authors: Tarricq Y. , Soubiran C. , Casamiquela L. , Castro-Ginard A. , Olivares J. , Miret-Roig N. , Galli P. A. B.
Published: December 2021

Context.The distribution of member stars in the surroundings of an open cluster (OC) can shed light on the process of its formation, evolution, and dissolution. The analysis of structural parameters of OCs as a function of their age and position in the Galaxy constrains theoretical models of cluster evolution. TheGaiacatalog is very appropriate for finding members of OCs at large distance from their centers.

Aims.We revisit the membership lists of OCs from the solar vicinity, in particular, by extending these membership lists to the peripheral areas throughGaiaEDR3. We then take advantage of these new member lists to study the morphological properties and the mass segregation levels of the clusters.

Methods.We used the clustering algorithm HDBSCAN onGaiaparallaxes and proper motions to systematically search for members up to 50 pc from the cluster centers. We fit a King’s function on the radial density profile of these clusters and a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) on their two-dimensional member distribution to study their shape. We also evaluated the degree of mass segregation of the clusters and the correlations of these parameters with the age and Galactic position of the clusters.

Results.Our method performs well on 389 clusters out of the 467 clusters we selected, including several recently discovered clusters that were poorly studied until now. We report the detection of vast coronae around almost all the clusters and report the detection of 71 OCs with tidal tails. This multiplies the number of these structures that are identified by more than four. The size of the cores is smaller for old clusters than for young ones on average. Moreover, the overall size of the clusters seems to increase slightly with age, but the fraction of stars in the halo seems to decrease. As expected, the mass segregation is more pronounced in the oldest clusters, but no clear trend with age is evident.

Conclusions.OCs are more extended than previously expected, regardless of their age. The decrease in the proportion of stars populating the clusters halos highlights the different cluster evaporation processes and the short timescales they need to affect the clusters. Reported parameters such as cluster sizes or mass segregation levels all depend on cluster ages, but cannot be described as single functions of time.
Fundamental physics with ESPRESSO: Precise limit on variations in the fine-structure constant towards the bright quasar HE 0515−4414
Authors: Murphy Michael T. , Molaro Paolo , Leite Ana C. O. , Cupani Guido , Cristiani Stefano , D’Odorico Valentina , Génova Santos Ricardo , Martins Carlos J. A. P. , Milaković Dinko , Nunes Nelson J. , Schmidt Tobias M. , Pepe Francesco A. , Rebolo Rafael , Santos Nuno C. , Sousa Sérgio G. , Zapatero Osorio Maria-Rosa , Amate Manuel , Adibekyan Vardan , Alibert Yann , Prieto Carlos Allende , Baldini Veronica , Benz Willy , Bouchy François , Cabral Alexandre , Dekker Hans , Di Marcantonio Paolo , Ehrenreich David , Figueira Pedro , González Hernández Jonay I. , Landoni Marco , Lovis Christophe , Curto Gaspare Lo , Manescau Antonio , Mégevand Denis , Mehner Andrea , Micela Giuseppina , Pasquini Luca , Poretti Ennio , Riva Marco , Sozzetti Alessandro , Mascareño Alejandro Suárez , Udry Stéphane , Zerbi Filippo
Published: December 2021

The strong intervening absorption system at redshift 1.15 towards the very bright quasar HE 0515−4414 is the most studied absorber for measuring possible cosmological variations in the fine-structure constant, α. We observed HE 0515−4414 for 16.1 h with the Very Large Telescope and present here the first constraint on relative variations in α with parts-per-million (ppm) precision from the new ESPRESSO spectrograph: Δα/α = 1.3 ± 1.3stat ± 0.4sys ppm. The statistical uncertainty (1σ) is similar to the ensemble precision of previous large samples of absorbers and derives from the high signal-to-noise ratio achieved (≈105 per 0.4 km s−1 pixel). ESPRESSO’s design, and the calibration of our observations with its laser frequency comb, effectively removed wavelength calibration errors from our measurement. The high resolving power of our ESPRESSO spectrum (R = 145 000) enabled the identification of very narrow components within the absorption profile, allowing a more robust analysis of Δα/α. The evidence for the narrow components is corroborated by their correspondence with previously detected molecular hydrogen and neutral carbon. The main remaining systematic errors arise from ambiguities in the absorption profile modelling, effects from redispersing the individual quasar exposures, and convergence of the parameter estimation algorithm. All analyses of the spectrum, including systematic error estimates, were initially blinded to avoid human biases. We make our reduced ESPRESSO spectrum of HE 0515−4414 publicly available for further analysis. Combining our ESPRESSO result with 28 measurements, from other spectrographs, in which wavelength calibration errors have been mitigated yields a weighted mean Δα/α = −0.5 ± 0.5stat ± 0.4sys ppm at redshifts 0.6−2.4.
Deep images of the Galactic center with GRAVITY
Authors:   GRAVITY Collaboration, Abuter R. , Aimar N. , Amorim A. , Arras P. , Bauböck M. , Berger J. P. , Bonnet H. , Brandner W. , Bourdarot G. , Cardoso V. , Clénet Y. , Davies R. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Dexter J. , Dallilar Y. , Drescher A. , Eisenhauer F. , Enßlin T. , Förster Schreiber N. M. , Garcia P. , Gao F. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Habibi M. , Haubois X. , Heißel G. , Henning T. , Hippler S. , Horrobin M. , Jiménez-Rosales A. , Jochum L. , Jocou L. , Kaufer A. , Kervella P. , Lacour S. , Lapeyrère V. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Lutz D. , Mang F. , Nowak M. , Ott T. , Paumard T. , Perraut K. , Perrin G. , Pfuhl O. , Rabien S. , Shangguan J. , Shimizu T. , Scheithauer S. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Tacconi L. J. , Tristram K. R. W. , Vincent F. , von Fellenberg S. , Waisberg I. , Widmann F. , Wieprecht E. , Wiezorrek E. , Woillez J. , Yazici S. , Young A. , Zins G.
Published: December 2021

Stellar orbits at the Galactic Center provide a very clean probe of the gravitational potential of the supermassive black hole. They can be studied with unique precision, beyond the confusion limit of a single telescope, with the near-infrared interferometer GRAVITY. Imaging is essential to search the field for faint, unknown stars on short orbits which potentially could constrain the black hole spin. Furthermore, it provides the starting point for astrometric fitting to derive highly accurate stellar positions. Here, we present GR, a new imaging tool specifically designed for Galactic Center observations with GRAVITY. The algorithm is based on a Bayesian interpretation of the imaging problem, formulated in the framework of information field theory and building upon existing works in radio-interferometric imaging. Its application to GRAVITY observations from 2021 yields the deepest images to date of the Galactic Center on scales of a few milliarcseconds. The images reveal the complicated source structure within the central 100 mas around Sgr A*, where we detected the stars S29 and S55 and confirm S62 on its trajectory, slowly approaching Sgr A*. Furthermore, we were able to detect S38, S42, S60, and S63 in a series of exposures for which we offset the fiber from Sgr A*. We provide an update on the orbits of all aforementioned stars. In addition to these known sources, the images also reveal a faint star moving to the west at a high angular velocity. We cannot find any coincidence with any known source and, thus, we refer to the new star as S300. From the flux ratio with S29, we estimate itsK-band magnitude asmK(S300) ≃ 19.0 − 19.3. Images obtained with CLEAN confirm the detection. To assess the sensitivity of our images, we note that fiber damping reduces the apparent magnitude of S300 and the effect increases throughout the year as the star moves away from the field center. Furthermore, we performed a series of source injection tests. Under favorable circumstances, sources well below a magnitude of 20 can be recovered, while 19.7 is considered the more universal limit for a good data set.
An analytical model for dust impact voltage signals and its application to STEREO/WAVES data
Authors: Rackovic Babic K. , Zaslavsky A. , Issautier K. , Meyer-Vernet N. , Onic D.
Published: December 2021

Context. Dust impacts have been observed using radio and wave instruments onboard spacecraft since the 1980s. Voltage waveforms show typical impulsive signals generated by dust grains.

Aims. We aim at developing models of how signals are generated to be able to link observed electric signals to the physical properties of the impacting dust. To validate the model, we use the Time Domain Sampler (TDS) subsystem of the STEREO/WAVES instrument which generates high-cadence time series of voltage pulses for each monopole.

Methods. We propose a new model that takes impact-ionization-charge collection and electrostatic-influence effects into account. It is an analytical expression for the pulse and allows us to measure the of amount of the total ion charge, Q, the fraction of escaping charge, ϵ, the rise timescale, τi, and the relaxation timescale, τsc. The model is simple and convenient for massive data fitting. To check our model’s accuracy, we collected all the dust events detected by STEREO/WAVES/TDS simultaneously on all three monopoles at 1AU since the beginning of the STEREO mission in 2007.

Results. Our study confirms that the rise time largely exceeds the spacecraft’s short timescale of electron collection. Our estimated rise time value allows us to determine the propagation speed of the ion cloud, which is the first time that this information has been derived from space data. Our model also makes it possible to determine properties associated with the electron dynamics, in particular the order of magnitude of the electron escape current. The obtained value gives us an estimate of the cloud’s electron temperature – a result that, as far as we know, has never been obtained before except in laboratory experiments. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the total cloud charge and the escaping charge allows us to estimate the escaping current from the amplitude of the precursor, a result that could be interesting for the study of the pulses recently observed in the magnetic waveforms of Solar Orbiter or Parker Solar Probe, for which the electric waveform is saturated.
Factors associated with COVID-19 test willingness in Indonesia: tele-survey study after ‘new normal’ policy in risk groups
Authors: Widawati Mutiara , Yanuar Pradani Firda , Azmi Fuadiyah M. Ezza , Fuadzy Hubullah , Rohmansyah W. Nurindra
Published: December 2021

Data about testing for COVID-19 is important to be recognized since disease diagnostic tests are useful as a foundation for various purposes. Therefore, to obtain comprehensive data regarding the willingness of the Indonesian people to test for COVID-19, a study was carried out. This study is a population-based quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted on risk groups located in Pangandaran Regency, Indonesia in 2020. Data collection used a tele-survey technique (telephone interview) with a closed electronic questionnaire instrument. and 400 people as samples. A multivariate analysis was applied between factors such as age group, gender, income, confirmed COVID-19 environment, intensity of information seeking, social media exposure, and willingness to test for COVID-19. The results showed that there were more respondents who stated they did not want to take the COVID-19 test than those who did. The majority of respondents stated that the reason for not wanting to take the COVID-19 test was because they felt it was unnecessary and considered expensive. This study also shows that factors such as the latest level of education, monthly income before the new normal, confirmed COVID-19 environment, intensity of information seeking, and exposure to social media have the potential to affect willingness to test for COVID-19.
Positive impacts among the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic for community life
Authors: Amirudin Aam , Syamsul M. , Marnani Christin Sri , Rahmah Nadiva Awalia , Wilopo
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic is a global disease outbreak that quickly spreads throughout the world and transmits from one person to another so easily and is a form of danger that has the potential to threaten all aspects of people's lives. These negative impacts include social, economic, health, and psychological impacts, even to the point of threatening national defense and security, due to the limited space for human movement in carrying out daily activities. But there are also positive influences that we unconsciously admit, not only producing clean air but making individuals mentally strong and changing personalities for a better life. Adaptation of new life patterns from before makes people learn about the meaning of maintaining cleanliness in the face of a pandemic with new habits in maintaining personal hygiene, family, and the surrounding environment. The long-term impact on society is to produce people who are tough in facing life by taking advantage of existing opportunities into innovations in running life with the emergence of creative businesses as a new source of income in meeting the needs of families today and in the future.
COVID-19 pandemic impact: an identification of the cause of cost overrun in construction project
Authors: Hesna Yervi , Sunaryati Jati , Hidayati Ayu
Published: December 2021

The paper provides a thorough examination of the impact of COVID-19 on increasing the cost of the construction project. The pandemic of COVID-19 had disrupted the financial and operational of the construction industry. Many projects have been closed and suspended, and this situation has caused great uncertainty in the construction industry. Even though the Instruction of the Minister of Public Work No. 2/2020 issued March 27, 2020, stated that construction activities in Indonesia could continue work. However, it still believes COVID-19 can lead to poor project cost performance. The study used a literature review to explore the factors contributing to the increase in project cost. A case study in the hotel construction project is used to test the factors. The research found six factors have a frequency of occurrence for each cause of cost overrun, namely labor, material, implementation time, project financial aspects, estimated cost, and occupational health and safety. The case study’s two factors are not the cause of the cost overrun based on the interviewee’s answer: heavy equipment and overhead. This paper also explains the mechanism to address cost overrun continue in construction work.
Governing sustainable tourism in time of COVID-19 disaster: empirical evidence from Bintan, Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Mahadiansar Mahadiansar , Wijaya Andy Fefta , Wanto Alfi Haris , Yudiatmaja Wayu Eko , Setiawan Ramadhani
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 disaster has brought various negative effects on human activities, including the tourism sector. However, only a few studies have conducted to the development and governance of tourism by the stakeholders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to explain the governance of sustainable tourism during the COVID-19 outbreak. The research was conducted in Bintan Regency, Kepulauan Riau, by using a qualitative approach. The data were collected using an interview with several tourism stakeholders, involving business actors, resort owners, government, and village officials. The results suggest that the governing process of tourism in Bintan focused on formal policy and implementation. The government and business actors become crucial actors in helping the sustainability of tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study can be used as a valuable recommendation to the government in managing tourism in the era of COVID-19.
Analysis of wind power potential as an electricity source for safety light and sign on limestone mining hauling road
Authors: Purnama Ikhsan , Hamid Muhammad Imran
Published: December 2021

A work accident can occur anytime and anywhere to the worker if they take unsafe action and are in an unsafe condition. Mining areas located in the hills have unsafe conditions for operating heavy equipment, such as steep terrain conditions, slippery roads, and foggy weather, and lack of lighting. Installation of light assign is the right step in reducing work accidents at night, foggy and rainy weather. Measurement of wind data and calculation of wind potential statistically using Weibull distribution. The parameter values of scale and shape are 1.67 and 1,71 respectively, with an average wind speed of 1,49 m/s and the wind power potential of 3.14 W/m2. Based on measurement and analysis results, this quarry always gets wind gusts both day and night, so it has the potential to take advantage of wind energy either on a small turbine scale or in small and medium electric power.
The framing of decision making support systems on increasing community resilience in disaster risk reduction efforts: a conceptual approach
Authors: Thaha Putranesia , Anas Ismail Febrin
Published: December 2021

This research begins by comprehensively exploring previous research related to community resilience and what steps are used to increase community resilience in reducing disaster risk. Conceptually, it is known that the fatigue model accumulated by the time system, infrastructure system, governance system, regulatory system, and hazard system for disaster risk reduction is often associated with weakening community resilience. It is often associated with catastrophic events, which are sometimes predictable and unpredictable. In manual decision-making, people are aware of the inconsistency of subjective decisions. A decision support system hypothesizes that it will take less time to explore data to make faster and more informed decisions. As a result of this concept, it is possible to reduce the number of wrong choices when dealing with disaster risk reduction issues. In terms of disaster risk reduction, the power of decision support systems is discussed in this paper to find a framework for its effectiveness as relative decision making will differ on different dimensions of Resilience.
Assessment of seismic responses toward multi-story buildings of steel special moment resisting frame by considering the setback irregularities
Authors: Aidil Fitrah Ridho , Masrilayanti Masrilayanti , Putri Gita Zakiah , Jauhari Zev Al
Published: December 2021

Setback irregularities are considered where discontinuity between adjacent stories is excessive. This irregularity caused the probability of high damage at structures subjected to strong earthquake motion. For this purpose, this study was conducted by modeling the steel special moment frame (SMF) structures using a finite element calculation program with nonlinear static analysis compared to Padang city’s response spectrum. The buildings are also modeled with two types of setbacks: single and multiple setbacks. The results of this paper are discussed including the explanation of many parameters that relate to elastic and inelastic seismic responses of steel special moment frame (SMF). Based on the results, the setback irregularities, both single and multiple setbacks, the inelastic seismic responses are adequately sufficient to SNI 1726 2019 regarding drift limit. The other seismic responses are also discussed in terms of fundamental periods, inter-story drifts, story stiffness, and base shear. Referred to Indonesian Seismic Provision, SNI 1726 2019, it is found that single setback building has more adequate than multiple setbacks in terms of seismic responses. Then, the seismic assessments between these setbacks are explained to address the recommendations about future prevention toward damages and failures in steel buildings.
Stability analysis of concrete block retaining wall based on a scaled laboratory
Authors: Irda Mazni Deni , Hakam Abdul , Tanjung Jafril , Anas Ismail Febrin
Published: December 2021

A concrete block retaining wall is supported by its weight. This block retaining wall structure has some advantages, including lower construction costs, a water-permeable construction that produces less water pressure behind the wall, and a more flexible construction because it can follow the ground's contours. Rankine's theory is usually used to design this block retaining wall. According to this theory, the failure pattern behind the wall forms an angle of 450 + • /2 with the horizontal plane. The laboratory tests indicate that the pattern of failure or the pattern of sand movement behind the wall is similar to the letter S. From the sandy soil of failure pattern curve, look for a functional equation approximating the pattern. The equation of the function obtained is an equation of the third-order function. An analysis of the sliding, overturning, and overall stability block retaining wall is based on this equation of the cube function. Analysis for overall stability using the method of slices, dividing the failure area by several slices. These function equation order three is needed to get the area and length failure.
Determination of tsunami run-up and golden time in the megathrust subduction zone of the sunda strait segment
Authors: Sarikanti Ponangsera Iko , Kurniadi Anwar , Ayu Puspitosari Deffi , Hartono Dedy
Published: December 2021

The Indonesian Disaster Data and Information Management Database state that the tsunami in the Megathrust Subduction Zone of the Sunda Strait Segment is a disaster threat with high impact and loss of life every time it occurs. Therefore, determining the run-up and golden time of the tsunami in the Megathrust Subduction Zone of the Sunda Strait Segment is necessary as part of the mitigation of seismic activity that has the potential for a tsunami. The design of this study is qualitative research with primary data to determine the run-up and golden time of the tsunami in the Megathrust Subduction Zone of the Sunda Strait Segment obtained from the Indonesia Tsunami Warning System (InaTEWS) at BMKG. The results of the study inform that seismic activity in the Megathrust Subduction Zone of the Sunda Strait Segment can cause a tsunami with a run-up of 5.99 meters and a golden time of 40 minutes 19 seconds in Banten and South Lampung, the run-up of 3.83 meters, and a golden time of 1 hour 1 minute 10 seconds in Pacitan, East Java, run up 3.28 meters and golden time 33 minutes 15 seconds in Pangandaran, West Java.
Suspended sediment transport map for disaster mitigation in the upper course of Jangkok River
Authors: Saadi Yusron , Putra IB Giri , Suroso Agus
Published: December 2021

Jangkok River, a very important river for irrigation purposes in Lombok Island Indonesia is experiencing a rapid change in the land use of its watershed. The conversion of trees into seasonal crops in the watershed causes a decrease in the carrying capacity of the watershed and reduces its ability to prevent soil erosion. Environmental damages such as erosion and sedimentation along the river are becoming increasingly difficult to control. This paper proposed an idea to identify river conditions based on suspended sediment concentration. A series of field measurements of suspended sediment concentrations and river flow discharges were carried out to obtain the relationship between these two parameters. A resulting watershed map contains information on the rate of suspended sediment transport in the form of a suspended sediment-flow discharge rating curve is designed as a sediment conservation health indicator of the watershed. The map allows the authority to observe the condition of each river order in the upper course of the Jangkok River since the nearby tributaries are most likely to have their pattern of suspended sediment transport rate. The finding from this preliminary study can facilitate the drafting and implementation of the right policy in watershed conservation management planning which leads to preventive action and better preparedness in disaster mitigation.
Gayo coffee processing with natural, semi-washed and full-washed methods
Authors: Sinaga Hotnida , Nurminah Mimi , Hilman and Adrian
Published: December 2021

Gayo area is the largest Arabica coffee production in Asia. The materials used in this research were coffee beans which are natural, semi-washed, and fully-washed processed coffee. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical of green bean will the various processing. The moisture content of three green bean coffee were 9.78%, 9.60% and 11.03% for natural, semi-washed and full-washed processing, respectively. The ash content ranged from 3.19% for natural processing to 4.33% for full-washed processing. Full washed green bean coffee had the highest lipid content, 12.5 ± 0.20% compared to the other coffee. Moreover, the lowest pH and specific volume were found in natural processing coffee, 5.63 and 1.66 mL/g, respectively. The finding result shows that coffee characteristics depending on the processing methods. Future work will be done by applying various packaging for the coffee bean.
The effect of roasting temperature on proximate and dietary fiber of food bar salak (Sidimpuan cultivar) fruit
Authors: Siregar Nurhamida Sari , Julianti Elisa , Silalahi Jansen
Published: December 2021

The Sidimpuan Salak fruit was the mascot of Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In this study, Salak formulates to be a high-calorie food bar. The primary elements for making food bars Salak are purple sweet potato flour, tapioca flour, and dried salak fruit. The others elements were egg whites, margarine, emulsifiers, and high glucose syrup. All elements were mixed evenly and molded into bars with a size of 3×8×1.5 cm and a weight of 50 g. Food bars from roasted salak fruit used temperatures of 80, 90, and 100. The results showed differences in the proximate composition, calorific value, and dietary fiber content of the food bars salak. The most increased carbohydrate, fat, and calorie content get at a roasting temperature of 80°C, the protein and mineral content obtain most increased at a roasting temperature of 100°C, and the most increased food fiber gets at a roasting temperature 100°C. A high-calorie food bar Salak gets at a roasting temperature of 80°C.
Identification of halal risk in risoles production using house of risk method
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Nazaruddin  , Muharrami Talitha Almira , Budiman Irwan
Published: December 2021

This research was conducted at Food Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. In this study, observations were made on all activities, so that the process stages and risks that affect halal in each stage of the process are known. Furthermore, the risk factors are identified, and the House of Risk (HOR) method is used to find the dominant cause through the calculation of the Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP). The results showed that there were 9 processes, 31 risk events, and 26 risk agents. Ideally, no risk agent can affect the halal of the product. However, treatment priorities can be set to address the risk agent that has the greatest impact, which is based on the highest ARP value. In this study, the focus of handling is five risk agents, namely raw materials that are not entirely Halal certified, cleaning of machinery and equipment is not routinely carried out before starting production, raw materials received from suppliers are not following demand, working environmental conditions make it difficult for workers to concentrate, and lack of halal management and information system.
Cyperus rotundus cyperaceae: a study of phytochemistry, total polyphenol content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity
Authors: Ngoc Quy Nguyen , Minh Tien Nguyen
Published: December 2021

Cyperus rotundus is a folk medicine with many benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, etc. It is widely used in many parts of the world. This study provided data on the phytochemical composition of Cyperus rotundus rhizome, including the active groups of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and triterpenoids. The polyphenols content in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Cyperus rotundus were 26.89 ± 4.33 (mgGAE/g) and 51.84 ± 6.46 (mgGAE/g), respectively. While, the flavonoids content in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Cyperus rotundus were 78.03 ± 3.11 (mgQE/g) and 20.28 ± 2.25 (mgQE/g), respectively. According to the ABTS assay, the IC50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were 117.8 ± 19.85 (μg/ml) and 162.02 ± 11.43 (μg/ml), respectively. According to the DPPH assay, the IC50 values of Cyperus rotundus extracted by water and alcohol were 337.42 ± 22.84 (μg/ml) and 447.53 ± 33.8 (μg/ml), respectively. With the rich presence of secondary compounds, antioxidant activity confirmed in many studies, Cyperus rotundus is evaluated as having potential applications in many different fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional foods.
Study on evaluating the effectiveness of compost fertilizer from jackfruit peel and fiber with various local agricultural materials on Green Mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Tran Thanh , Thi Van , Phuong Tran Thi Bich , Ho Loc Huu , Hong Le Thi Anh
Published: December 2021

In recent years, jackfruit production in Vietnam has been growing very strongly in both quantity and quality. However, most of the jackfruit is harvested and processed for meat, the rest is the jackfruit peels, and fibers are discarded, which will affect environmental sanitation. The study aims to enhance the value of jackfruit by taking advantage of nutrient ingredients in the peel and fiber of jackfruit to blend into organic fertilizer. Initial results show that the compost substrate samples mixed with rice husk ash and coir and the organic substrate sample mixed with coconut fiber had the best quality. Tested nutritional ingredients include including humidity is 76.1%, total organic carbon content is 27.3%, fulvic acid is 0.9%, humid acid is 0.9%, total nitrogen is 0.85%, total phosphorus is 0.57% after 35 days of incubation. Their quality meets the national standards of QCVN 01-189: 2019/BNNPTNT on fertilizer quality. After testing all three samples of organic substrates on the green mustard with germination rate (%), a number of branches, and total fresh weight (g), the results showed that test plants are grown with the compost from the shell - jackfruit fiber mixed with coconut fiber developed better than the control sample.