bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ion Mobility-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Database-Driven Automatic Peak Annotation for the Rapid Profiling and Characterization of the Multicomponents from Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fang-Ji)
Authors: Qian Yue-Xin , Xie Hu-Min , Zuo Tian-Tian , Li Xue , Hu Ying , Wang Hong-Da , Gao Xiu-Mei , Yang Wen-Zhi
Published: October 2020

Objective:

Quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) begins with the chemical basis elucidation. The root of Stephania tetrandra has long been utilized as an antirheumatic, analgesic, and diuretic TCM, Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (STR; Fang-Ji). Powerful analytical strategies enabling its multicomponent characterization is still rare.

Methods:

A rapid, reliable, and enhanced profiling approach, by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) and automatic peak annotation facilitated by computational matching of in-house library, was established and utilized to characterize the multicomponents from STR. A knockout strategy was utilized by automated valve switching to overcome the interference of predominant peaks.

Results:

Good chromatographic separation was achieved within 17 min on a reversed-phase BEH C18 column eluted with acetonitrile/0.1% ammonium hydroxide in water, while data-independent high-definition MSE (HDMSE) in positive mode was applied to acquire the MS2 data by using a VionTM IM-QTOF instrument, which in theory, could cover all the profiled precursor ions. An in-house library of 163 compounds was established and incorporated into the UNIFITM platform. By feat of these efforts, we were able to identify or tentatively characterize 76 alkaloids from the methanolic extract of STR, including 14 aporphine-type, four morphine-type, 48 bisbenzylisoquinoline-type, seven tetrahydroprotoberberine-type, one protopine-type, one benzylisoquinoline-type, and one other. Four-dimensional information, such as the retention time, collision cross section (CCS), high-accuracy MS1 and MS2 data, for each component was provided.

Conclusions:

The systematic multicomponent characterization of STR was accomplished with high coverage, high degree of automation, and high reliability.
Deformation-obstruction theory for diagrams of algebras and applications to geometry
Authors: Barmeier Severin , Frégier Yaël
Published: October 2020

Let

X

be an algebraic variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic

0

and let

\operatorname{Coh} (X)

denote its Abelian category of coherent sheaves. By the work of W. Lowen and M. Van den Bergh, it is known that the deformation theory of

\operatorname{Coh}(X)

as an Abelian category can be seen to be controlled by the Gerstenhaber–Schack complex associated to the restriction of the structure sheaf

\mathcal O_X \vert_{\mathfrak U}

to a cover of affine open sets. We construct an explicit L

_\infty

algebra structure on the Gerstenhaber–Schack complex controlling the higher deformation theory of

\mathcal O_X \vert_{\mathfrak U}

or

\operatorname{Coh}(X)

in case

X

can be covered by two acyclic open sets, giving an explicit deformation-obstruction calculus for such deformations. For smooth

X

, such deformations recover the deformation of complex structures and deformation quantizations of

X

as degenerate cases, as we show by means of concrete examples.
Assessment of Immunostimulatory Characteristics of Achyranthes aspera Seeds and Leaves Supplemented Diets in Labeo rohita Fingerlings
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Chakrabarti Rina , Sharma JaiGopal
Published: October 2020

The effect of dietary supplementation of leaves and seeds of Achyranthes aspera on rohu, Labeo rohita fingerlings was evaluated. Three experimental diets containing 0.25 (D1) and 0.5% (D2) leaves and 0.5% (D3) seeds of A. aspera and control diet (D4) without plant ingredients were formulated. After 45 days of feeding, rohu were immunized with 20% chicken RBC. Tissue and blood samples were collected on days7, 14 and 21 after immunization. Dietary supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased the average weight and specific growth rate of rohu. Serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, hemagglutination titer and nitric oxide synthase activities were significantly (P<0.05) higher in D3 compared to others. This group was followed by D2 and D1. Significantly (P<0.05) lower lipid and protein oxidations were found in D3 compared to others. This group was followed by D2 and D1. In hepatopancreas, lysozyme C, lysozyme G, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expressions were up-regulated while interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression was downregulated. In anterior kidney, lysozyme C, lysozyme G and IL-10 expressions were upregulated while TNF-α and IL-1β expressions were down-regulated. The dietary inclusion of leaves and seeds of A. aspera enhanced the growth, improved immune system and reduced oxidative stress of rohu.
Effects of African Bentonite on Feed Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Growth of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Enyidi Uchechukwu , Emeaso Blessing Akudo
Published: October 2020

Feed and feed ingredients in the tropics are prone to attacks of mycotoxigenic fungi (myco-fungi) infestation during storage or from the field. The heat applied in feed production destroys only the myco-fungi leaving mycotoxins that eventually end up in the fish. Mycotoxins have negative effects on the growth of fish. It is plausible to reduce or totally eliminate the mycotoxins and myco-fungi by the inclusion of special African bentonite supplement called “Uro’. Five iso nitrogenous and iso energetic feed were made with soybean meal of 12% moisture stored at relative humidity of 78% and temperature 29.45±0.87oC for 30 days. The feed was labelled as F1 to F5 and varied in inclusion levels of bentonite supplement as follows, F1, 34%, F2, 25%, F3, 15%, F4, 5% and F5, 0%. The protein supplement and basal ingredients in the diets were same. Feed ingredients were weighed, mixed, conditioned and pelleted. The feed was dried at 40oC for 24 hours and subjected to mycological analysis. African catfish fingerlings of average weight 6.5±0.36 g were stocked at 15 fish per three replicate aquaria per feed type. Fish were fed to satiation twice daily for 140 days. The catfish fed with F1(35% bentonite) had the best food conversion ratio, 1.63±0.15, highest SGR 5.7±0.05% day1 , weight gain 45.7±3.65g, protein efficiency ratio 1.19±0.10 and highest gut weight 3.46±0.45g. All growth and nutritional parameters were increasing with increasing inclusion of bentonite. Mycological analyses showed that three myco-fungi, namely Aspergilus flavus, Mucor mucedo and Cladosporium cladosporioides were prevalent in the feed. However, feed 1 to feed 3, were completely free from myco-fungi, while feed 4 had traces of M. mucedo and C. Cladosporioides but all myco-fungi were prevalent in F5. African bentonite is calcinated and sequestered feed ANF, myco-fungi and mycotoxins. Bentonite increased digesta viscosity which enabled better digestion of feed, lower FCR, enhanced alkaline intestine for protein and fatty acid absorption. Bentonite increased catfish total glycerides and cholesterol but reduced AST and ALT of the catfish.
Improved Growth and Nutritional Quality of Pangas Catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) by Enzyme Supplementation
Authors: Bala Palash , Mustafa Ghulam , Mandal Shankar Chandra
Published: October 2020

Pangas catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus is one of the most widely cultured fish species in Asia. The growth and flesh quality of fish depend largely on the quality and composition of feed. Inclusion of exogenous enzyme can improve the palatbility and digestibility of feed. However, there is a lack of research on the use of exogenous enzymes in fish diet for improved growth and nutritional quality of fish. Thus, in the current study, the effects of enzyme inclusion in fish diet were evaluated using pangas catfish as an experimental animal. The study was conducted in a laboratory condition with a flow-through system where 12 plastic tanks with 750 L water capacity were used where the tanks were grouped randomly. Each tank was stocked with 15 fingerlings of pangas catfish. Three different concentrations (3, 4 and 5% of the total feed) of Zymex, a commercially available ulti-enzyme were used for treatment groups along with a control group with no enzyme supplementation. The length-weight relationship of the experimental fish using the initial and final data was established where a significantly positive relationship was found (P<0.05). Growth performance including condition factor, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio was significantly improved by 3% enzyme supplementation (P<0.05). Average daily gain did not vary significantly between treatments. Three percent enzyme supplementation in the diet significantly increased crude protein and lipid contents and reduced moisture content (P<0.05). Significantly higher ash content was found in fish fed both 3 and 5% enzyme contained diet (P<0.05). In case of body indices, 5% enzyme supplementation provided significantly higher viscerosomatic index (P<0.05) while 3% provided significantly higher flesh yield (P<0.05). However, hepatosomatic index did not vary significantly between treatments. From the findings it is concluded that enzyme supplementation at 3% of the diet can improve the growth performance and nutritional quality of pangas catfish.
Effect of a co-processed excipient on the disintegration and drug release profile of ibuprofen tablets
Authors: Mohammed BB , John EJ , Ajuji NK
Published: October 2020

Tablets at present, remain the most preferred oral dosage form because of many advantages they offer to formulators as well as physicians and patients. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of co-processing on the disintegration and drug-release profile of ibuprofen tablets prepared from a co-processed excipient. The co-processed excipient (CE) containing lactose, gelatin and mucin in the ratio 90:9:1 was prepared using co-fusion. The excipient was evaluated for its physicochemical properties and then used to formulate tablets with the addition of a disintegrant by direct compression. The tablets were evaluated for their tablet properties and compared with tablets prepared with cellactose- 80® (CEL) and spray dried lactose® (SDL) and a physical mix (PM) of the co-processed ingredient. Results from evaluation of CE showed that flow rate, angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio were 5.28 g/sec, 20.30o, 23.75 % and 1.31, respectively. Tablets prepared with CE had friability (0%), crushing strength (5.25) KgF, disintegration time (3 mins) and T50% (2 mins). For CEL, friability (0.4 %), crushing strength (7.25) KgF, disintegration time (1 min) and T50% (2 mins); SDL, friability (1.57 %), crushing strength (7.50) KgF, disintegration time (4 mins) and T50% (2 mins) and PM, friability (2.38 %), crushing strength (5.00) KgF, disintegration time (1 min) and T50% (2 mins). In conclusion, the disintegration time and drug release profile for CE was not superior but compared favorably with CEL, SDL and PM.
Methane transport in a soil column: experimental and modeling investigation
Authors: Fen Chiu-Shia , Lin Yu-Ro , Chen Chia-Yu
Published: October 2020

This study explored two diffusion approaches, Fick’s law and the dusty gas model (DGM), to assess their differences on modeling methane transport in porous systems. Laboratory experiments were also conducted for methane transport through a nitrogen gas-dry soil column from different source densities. Gas pressures and methane densities at transient state were measured along the column for two transport configurations (horizontal and vertically upward) and compared with the predictions obtained from the DGM- and Fickian-based models. The retardation factor is the only parameter used in the model calibration. The results showed that the methane density profiles predicted by these models fairly matched the measured data and are quite consistent for vertically upward transport of methane. However, the predictions were over the measured ones for horizontal transport of methane. We suspected it is due to incomplete mixing of gas mixture in the inlet chamber since high pressure variations were observed in the horizontal transport experiments. Further, we found that the methane density profile predicted by the Fickian-based model is lagged behind the DGM result for at most 15% of difference in methane density for horizontal transport of methane from a pure methane source.horizontal transport experiments. Further, we found that the methane density profile predicted by the Fickian-based model lagged behind the DGM result for at most 15% of difference in methane density for horizontal transport of methane from a pure methane source.
THE EFFECT OF DIET HABITS, PACKING, AND PRICE BARRIER ARE IMPACT ON ORGANIC FOOD PURCHASE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Zafar Sohaib , Baqir Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Consumers purchase environmentally friendly products ‘’Organic food’’. This study is applied in Pakistan a country in which there is concern about safety and quality. The ‘’SEM’’ model is used to support our study. Three independent variables while one dependent variable is taken in that scenario. Data were obtained from 300 respondents, 278 backed us their response. We conclude from the above-mentioned model that the packing factor has much important than that of other variables. This sort of research can conduct in developed countries such as the US, CHINA, CANADA and other geographic areas. Also, green marketing factors can be replaced for future studies. Different independent variables contribute to future research like organic food labeling, lack of knowledge, and availability. We can also use different aspects such as environmental concern, health concern, and food safety concern using them as independent variables we can further use them in new research as a research gap. this research can also be done as longitudinal research.
PREHARVEST FOLIAGE SPRAYS OF SUGARCANE WITH 2,4-D
Authors: Lugo-López M. A. , Grant R.
Published: October 2020

Data are presented here on the effect of applications to sugarcane of 10, 20, and 30 pounds to the acre of the sodium salt of 2,4-D, acid basis, at three intervals (10, 20 and 30 days) prior to harvest. Field experiments were conducted at Humacao and Río Piedras following a randomized block layout. Each treatment was replicated six times. The mean available 96° sugar percent cane was 12.2 at both locations with very small deviations above or below it. No significant differences were observed between the mean Brix, polarization, purity, available 96° sugar percent cane, and tons of cane to the acre at either location.
THE RESPONSE OF SUGARCANE TO FERTILIZERS I. THE ARECIBO CYCLE, 1944-1950
Authors: Samuels George , Landrau, Jr. Pablo
Published: October 2020

A variety-fertilizer experiment using four varieties at seven fertilizer levels was carried on for a plant sugarcane and four ratoons. The major results were: 1. Nitrogen gave the highest yield increases in hundredweights of 96° available sugar per acre. 2. Phosphate fertilizers did not increase the yields of sugar. 3. Potassium fertilizers did increase the yields of sugar per acre. 4. The application of nitrogen and phosphorus did not influence sucrose concentrations in the cane. The omission of potassium did decrease the sucrose content of the cane significantly. 5. Variety P.R. 903 gave the highest yields of sugar per acre as compared with P.O.J. 2878, M. 275, and M. 317. The yields of M. 317 and P.O.J. 2878 were about equal, and M. 275 gave the lowest yields. 6. The varieties maintained their relative yielding power when tested at various fertilizer levels. Except for the no-fertilizer level, P.R. 903 maintained its significant lead in yield at all levels of fertilizer application. There was no significant interaction between varieties and fertilizers. 7. The reductions in yields from the omission of a fertilizer element for the mean of five crops were 33, 3, and 9 percent for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, respectively. 8. Analysis of leaf samples revealed that corrections must be made for rainfall to prevent a yearly variation in the data. When corrected for rainfall variations, values of 1.40 percent nitrogen (dry weight of the leaf) or below were associated with low cane yields, and values of 1.60 percent or over with high yields. For phosphorus, values above 0.17 percent phosphorus in the leaf at a cane age of 3 months may be regarded as indicating no appreciable need for phosphate fertilizers. Potassium values of 1.70 percent potassium in the leaf or less indicate a need for potash, and 1.90 percent or greater, none.
Penguatan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa dari Perspektif Kajian Yuridis
Authors: - Mulyanto
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penguatan masyarakat hukum adat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini menempatkan sistem norma dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa sebagai objek kajian. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dar bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik analisis data secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan theoritical interpretatif dengan menafsirkan data yang dikumpulkan berdasarkan teori sebagai kerangka berpikir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan masyarakat hukum adat telah dijamin dalam Konstitusi baik itu UUD 1945 Pra Amendemen maupun UUD 1945 Pasca Amendemen. Penguatan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dengan menganut asas rekognisi yang merupakan asas pengakuan dan penghormatan negara terhadap kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat berupa otonomi komunitas. Implikasinya terjadi peningkatan status hukum dari kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat menjadi desa adat dengan status sebagai subjek hukum. Kebijakan penguatan masyarakat hukum adat tersebut secara formil masih membutuhkan political will pemerintah daerah dan inisasi Masyarakat Hukum Adat untuk mengikuti prosedur menjadi Desa Adat.

The objective of research to describe the understanding of indigenous people in Act No. 6 of 2014 concerning the village. The method used is the method descriptive normative law. This study puts the system of norms in Act No. 6 of 2014 on the village as an object of study. This study uses secondary data consisting dar primary legal materials and secondary law. Qualitative data analysis techniques using interpretative theoritical to interpret the data collected under the theory as a framework. The results showed that the recognition of indigenous people has been guaranteed in the Constitution is the Constitution of 1945 Before the Amendment and the Constitution of 1945 After the changes. Strengthening indigenous people in uUndang Act No. 6 of 2014 with the principles of recognition which is a principle of recognition and respect for the state of the law community unit in the form of community autonomy. The implication an increase in the legal status of customary law community unit into a traditional village with its status as a legal subject. Strengthening public policy formally customary law still requires the political will of local governments and the initiation indigenous people to follow the procedure becomes a traditional village.
La educación física entre las sugestiones: ¿Las especificidades en el limbo? (Physical education among the suggestions: ¿the specifications in limbo?)
Authors: Guarnizo Carballo Nicolás , Pusch Nicolás , Campos Polo Fernando
Published: October 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar el paradigma de la educación física desde una perspectiva crítica, en primera instancia, se aborda las ciencias que ha tomado la educación física para ser estudiada, a su vez, se analiza las tensiones existentes desde el discurso teórico hasta el objeto de estudio en la formación de los futuros profesionales del campo, también fue necesario indagar sobre cómo se está asumiendo la responsabilidad de encontrar el objeto de estudio. En forma de resultado como aplicaciones prácticas, se puede mostrar que existe ambigüedades para descubrirlo, dando hincapié a los tres enfoques, que rodean a la educación física, las ciencias naturales, sociales o mixta, por otro lado,se expresa de forma argumentativa que hay interés político frente a la inversión en investigaciones que favorezcan la objetividad. Se menciona la especificidad en función formativa y científica para que posteriormente se genere futuras líneas de investigación que promueven discursos argumentativos.
Abstract: This article aims to reflect on the paradigm of physical education from a critical perspective, in the first instance, it addresses the sciences that physical education has taken to be studied, in turn, analyzes the tensions affected from the theoretical discourse to the object of study in the training of future professionals in the field, it was also necessary on how the responsibility of finding the object of study is being assumed. As a result as practical applications, it can show that there are ambiguities to discover it, emphasizing the three approaches, which surround physical education, the natural, social or mixed sciences, on the other hand, it is argumentatively expressed that there is interest political versus investment in research that favors objectivity. Specificity is mentioned in a formative and scientific function so that later lines of research are generated that promote argumentative discourses.
Implementation of disease-based standard order sets in emergency department of tertiary care hospital, Pakistan- a novel approach for enhancing patient care
Authors: Feroza Parveen  , Asif Khaliq  , Nadeem Ullah Khan  , Zainab Mazhar  , Aisha Akram  , Khusro Shamim
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of disease-based standard order sets in reducing time of order entry, order processing and medication dispensation in emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: The pilot study was conducted as part of a retrospective clinical audit using pre- and post-intervention design comprising data from July to September 2013 of the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Data collected related to the reduction in medicine order entry, processing and dispensing time of eight common emergency conditions with standard order set.  Subsequently, standard medication orders for the selected medical conditions were developed together with physicians of emergency and other specialties. Post-intervention data was collected and the two data sets were compared using SPSS version 23.0.

Results: Mean medication order entry and processing time from the physician end improved from 67.7±22.7 seconds to 20.5±7.1 seconds.  Mean order processing and medication processing and dispensing time at pharmacist end reduced from 70.0±22.4 to 20.6±8.8 seconds. The difference between pre- and post-intervention values was significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Implementation of disease-based standard order set significantly improved efficiency.

Key Words: Standard, Order sets, Emergency department, Disease, Time management.

Continuous...
Humour styles as predictors of psychological and somatic health in undergraduates of COMSATS University, Lahore
Authors: Shameem Fatima  , Naima Gul  , Muneeba Shakil
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the predictability of humour styles on psychological and Somatic health of university students.

Methods: The study was carried out at COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus during the period of 1st September 2018 to 30th December, 2018.

Correlation research design was used to assess the study objectives. A sample of 199 (93 females & 106 males) university students falling in age range from 18 to 26 years (Mage = 21.02, & SD = 1.78) were assessed on self-report measures to Humour styles questionnaire, Physical Health Questionnaire, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale.

Conclusion: It was concluded that relationship oriented positive humour style is a protective factor against psychological distress but negative humour styles are detrimental for physical health.

Keywords: Humour styles, Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Somatic Health

Continuous....
Quality and safety monitoring of water biological resources from water bodies of the Central federal district of the Russian Federation
Authors: Головина Н.А. A. , Романова Наталья Николаевна , Головин П.П. P. , Здрок А.В. V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. There have been given results of the assessment of quality and safety of hydrobionts exampled by fishes as main objects of amateurish fishing in water bodies of the Central Feddral District of the Russian Federation. Fishery water bodies on this territory are exposed to anthropogenic impacts and lead in the concerning volume of polluted effluent discharge in Russia. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and safety of hydrobionts on the example of fish - the main objects of amateur fishing in the reservoirs of the Central District of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Fish catching was carried out in the summer-autumn period in 2013-2017. The volume of the survey sample was about 1500 fishes. The species composition of helminths in 15 fish species from three families Cyprinidae, Percidae and pike (Esocidae)is was determined by parasitological examination. The safety of fish was evaluated using parasitological and toxicological methods. Results. Fish from water bodies of the Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Bryansk and Tver areas has been ascertained to be facultatively available for human consumption. Clinical signs of the disease were observed in fish infected with metacercariae trematodes (posthodiplostomum and apophallus) in the form of black spots on the body. Among the detected worms, 2 species can be potentially dangerous for warm-blooded animals and humans - Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Trematoda: Opisthorchidae) and Apophallus muehlingi (Trematoda: Heterophyidae). Analysis of fish contamination with heavy metals showed excess of the permissible cadmium content in fish tissues. Conclusion. The conducted research showed the urgency and social significance of studies on monitoring for water objects and the need to implement the preventive work with the population in such a densely populated part of the Russian Federation as the Central Federal District.
Bactericidal activity of a sanitary and hygienic product based on Bacillus subtilis bacteria
strains
Authors: Тарабукина Надежда Петровна , Неустроев М.П. P. , Степанова А.М. M. , Парникова С.И. I. , Дулова С.В. V. , Скрябина М.П. P. , Обоева Н.А. A.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. A possible alternative to traditional methods of the treatment with chemical disinfectants are effective and safe preparations based on strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis. The development of effective hygiene products based on Bacillus subtilis bacteria strains for air sanitation, household items, and rooms that do not adversely affect the body in the presence of humans, animals, and birds is an urgent task of sanitation and hygiene. Material and methods. Suspensions of an equal combination of the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 were added to a solution of bicarbonate and sodium chloride. The strains were isolated from the permafrost soils of Yakutia, certified and deposited in the All-Russian collection of microorganisms used in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine (VGNKI, Moscow). The bactericidal activity of the «Probiodes 3 + 5» solutions was studied by the method of “coarse calico tests”. As test cultures there was used 2 billion suspension of diurnal cultures of Str. equi H-34 and Sal. abortus equi BN-12. The effectiveness of sanitization was taken into account according to the level of bacterial contamination - the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (KMAFAnM) on the skin of the nipples of the udder. Results. Reliable disinfection of coarse calico tests contaminated with Str. equi H-34, was established with the use of «Probiodez 3 + 5» (5x10 8 CFU / ml) for 6 hours exposure. By increasing the dose of B. subtilis in the solution «Probiodes 3 + 5» to (1.0 × 109 CFU / ml), there was reliable disinfection of coarse calico tests contaminated with Sal. abortus equi BN-12, exposure 6 hours. The drug «Probiodes 3 + 5» helps to reduce the total bacterial contamination and subclinical mastitis, effective for sanitary-hygienic treatment in dairy cattle breeding. Conclusion. The results of the studies allow making a conclusion that the bacterial strains B. subtilis TNP-3 and B. subtilis TNP-5 are promising for the development of effective, safe hygienic and sanitizing agents for widespread use.)
Physical activity and individual accidental risk of infringement of the health of schoolchildren
Authors: Новикова И.И. I. , Ерофеев Ю.В. V. , Флянку Ирина Петровна , Усачева Е.В. V. , Куликова О.М. M.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The optimal physical activity of schoolchildren ensures adequate physical development, considered as the totality of the morphological and functional properties of the body that characterize the process of its growth and maturation at each age interval. Main objective of research. To determine the values of individual accumulative risks of impairment of schoolchildren’s health components depending on the level of the physical activity and develop recommendations for their reduction. Material and methods. The study involved 709 schoolchildren aged 12-14 years. To solve the tasks there were used hygienic methods with an assessment of the physical mode, training mode, indicators of the functional capabilities of schoolchildren; anthropometric methods; information and analytical methods and statistical methods, including associative analysis. The level of physical activity of schoolchildren was classified according to daily energy expenditure, determined by summing energy expenditure across all categories of physical activity. Result and discussion. Individual accumulative risks of schoolchildren’s health problems were shown to be elevated in all components of health with an increase in the deviation of the level of physical activity from the optimum, and the time factor has a significant effect on the growth of individual accumulative risks of schoolchildren’s health problems. In order to reduce the likelihood of the formation of health disorders in schoolchildren, it has been established that the identification of physical activity impairments and the application of corrective measures should be carried out as early as possible - in the period up to 6 months from the moment when violations were detected. In drawing up a plan of corrective measures for the formation of an optimal level of average daily workload for school-age children, the categories of physical activity outside the normal range require a reduction to the recommended intensity and duration according to the gender and age. Associative rules have been obtained that allow identifying the causes of the disturbance of the structure of physical activity and make adjustments taking into account the relationship between categories of physical activity. The optimization was achieved by reducing the duration of time spent on various categories of physical activity to the recommended one. Conclusion. Application of the results of this study will reduce individual accumulative risks of violations of schoolchildren’s health, preserve the health of the younger generation, and provide optimal personal and physical development.
Study of actual nutrition in modern student youth
Authors: Горбаткова Елена Юрьевна
Published: October 2020

One of the most important factors affecting the health of modern youth is nutrition. Taking into account the timeliness of this problem, a research aimed at improving the quality of nutrition for students of higher education institutions of various fields of study (Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan) was executed. A software directed at studying the nutritional composition of the diet of students was developed, registered and tested. The development and implementation of the program were carried out taking into account regional features of nutrition of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The food ration of university students of various fields of study was also evaluated according to food groups. The insufficiency of the daily ration based on a number of indics was revealed (according to nutritional composition and food products. The nutritional status of students according to the level of insufficiency of daily intake of nutrients in order to identify the degree of risk of abnormalities in the state of health development was evaluated also. According to the document of the Government of the Russian Federation “Fundamentals of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition of the population for the period until 2020”, implementation the development of a set of measures aimed at reducing the prevalence of diseases associated with nutrition is one of the main directions of the state policy in the field of healthy nutrition. In this regard, a conceptual medical-pedagogical model aimed at forming a system of values in relation to healthy lifestyle among students was developed. Currently, there was executed an evaluation of the effectiveness of this model in the educational process of the M. Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University. There was also been studied content of macro- and microelements in the venous blood of the students based on the changes in the quality of nutrition. There was also conducted analysis of hygienic conditions of students’ educational environment of leading universities in Ufa (the Republic of Bashkortostan).
The main trends in the primary incidence of malignant neoplasms in the adult population of the oil and gas producing region
Authors: Мамырбаев Арстан Абдраманович , Егизбаева Д.К. K. , Айтмаганбет П.Ж. Zh. , Сабырахметова В.М. M. , Умарова Г.А. A. , Сакебаева Л.Д. D. , Карашова Г.И. I.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes statistical data for the adult population of the oil and gas producing region at the Aktobe district over 2011-2015. Data on the incidence of malignant (reporting statistical forms No. 35 and No. 7) of the adult population of Mugalzhar, Temirsky district in the Aktobe region were studied in the process of the implementation of the research. In the work, there were used statistical and epidemiological methods. There was a decline in the primary incidence of malignant tumors (MT) in the adult population in Mugalzhar region (there is a gradual decrease from 2011 till 2014, in 2015 -the sharp decrease of the indices of the primary incidence) and Kobdinsky region (there is a decrease of the MT from 2013 and an increase in the rate of growth in Temirsky region (the incidence of MT decreases from 2011 till 2013, the trend of increasing primary indices is traced from 2013) during the period under review. Ranking of the MT with the first time established diagnosis among the adult population living in the Mugalzhar district showed the women’s breast cancer to held the first place, the second - the esophagus, the third place is the uterus. The elderly population of the Temir district is ranked first with MT of the esophagus, on the second - MT of tracheaetracheae, bronchus, lung, in third place - MT of the women’s breast. Among the adult population of the Kobda district, which is the control, the MT of the stomach is leading, after it the MT of tracheae, bronchus, lung, the MT esophagus is on the third place. The statistically significant direct, strong correlations between the annual average daily concentration of carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, hydrocarbon in the atmospheric air and the index of the MT incidence (body of uterus, uterine cervix, breast, mammary gland) at the adult population was revealed. In the Mugalzharsky and Kobdinsky districts the proportion of people living by 2015 more than 5 years from the date of diagnosis is higher than in the Temir district. In the Temir district, the detection rate among newly registered MT patients, in comparison with the Mugalzhar and Kobdinsky regions is high at the I-II stages, and at the IV stage.
Justification of the priority controlled sanitary-microbiological parameters to ensure the safety of hospital environment, medical organizations stationary type, regardless of their functional purpose
Authors: Юдин С. М. , Русаков Н. В. , Загайнова Анжелика Владимировна , Грицюк О. В. , Курбатова И. В. , Федец З. Е. , Новожилов К. А. , Абрамов И. А. , Ракова В. М. , Доскина Т. В. , Сухина М. А.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The work is devoted to evaluating the results of our own research of sanitary-microbiological monitoring of environmental objects in diversified treatment-and-prophylactic institutions of stationary type and of the analysis both of domestic and foreign data in order justify of the list of priority controlled sanitary-microbiological indices of air and surfaces to ensure the safety of hospital environment, medical organizations stationary type, regardless of their functional purpose. Material and methods. The survey was conducted in various premises in the medical-prophylactic institutions of stationary type for two years. Studies included determination of microbial contamination of the air environment, working surfaces, hands of personnel with the detection of bacteriological, virological, and mycological parameters, followed by macroscopic and microscopic identification of microorganisms and identification using automated systems with the method of time-of-flight matrix-assisted laser mass spectrometry platform MALDI-TOF, based on the study of the mass spectra of ribosomal proteins in the range of 1000-10000 Daltons and bioinformatic comparison of the obtained spectrum with database reference spectra and PCR. Results. As a result, the research of surface washings in the premises of a multidisciplinary clinic revealed microbial contamination with conditionally pathogenic gram-positive cocci, including S.aureus, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria posing a serious epidemiological danger to patients in these wards regardless of the MOST profile and requires mandatory monitoring taking into account of the used disinfectants. Conclusion. Our own research and analysis of domestic and foreign literature showed that it is not enough to monitor the air in the MOST premises only in terms of total microbiological contamination. In the operating, procedural and dressing blocks, as well as in the wards, physiotherapeutic, diagnostic, laboratory rooms and auxiliary units, it is also necessary to take into account other sanitary and microbiological indices: total microbes count, gram-positive rods and cocci, including S.aureus, fungi, adeno-, entero-, astroviruses, coliphages.
Leading air pollution related reasons of death
Authors: Салтыкова Марина Михайловна , Балакаева А. В. , Федичкина Т. П. , Бобровницкий И. П.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of air pollution on the structure of reasons of death from major non communicable diseases in cities of the Russian Federation Material and methods. The study analyzed the mortality of people of working age (with stratification by gender and causes of death) in pairs of cities, with matching the cities of each pair by the climatic and socio-economic conditions, but the level of air pollution in one city significantly exceeded the level of pollution in another. The following pairs of cities were formed (“dirty” - “relatively clean”): Bratsk-Kirov; Nizhny Tagil-Kirov; Novokuznetsk-Tomsk; Chita-Tomsk; Magnitogorsk - Orenburg, Cherepovets-Vologda. The analysis included data on the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and oncological diseases, since according to WHO, air pollution primarily affects mortality from coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Results. The mortality rate of people of working age from diseases of the circulatory system, primarily from cardiovascular diseases, is significantly higher in cities with a high level of pollution compared with cities with a lower level of pollution and similar climatic and socio-economic conditions. The mortality rate of men from cerebrovascular diseases in the group of dirty cities is higher than in compared cities in 4 out of 6 studied pairs. Moreover, differences in the mortality rate in women were less pronounced, they were revealed in 2 out of 6 compared pairs. The differences in mortality from oncological diseases were detected in 4 out of 6 comparison pairs for women and 2 out of 6 compared pairs for men. Conclusion. An analysis of the mortality used pairwise comparison of cities showed air pollution to most affect on the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system.
Developing GIS portal to ensure sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of transferring radio engineering objects
Authors: Зибарев Евгений Владимирович , Афанасьев А. С. , Слюсарева О. В. , Мурагимов Т. И. , Степанец В. А. , Одоевский С. М. , Спирина Е. А. , Антонов И. Д.
Published: October 2020

In recent years, in the Russian Federation there has been an increase in the levels of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in residential areas, including due to an increase in the number of base stations (BS). The purpose of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance at the stages of placement and commissioning of base stations (BS) is to prevent their adverse effects on public health. The increase in the number of base stations, together with the advent of new electronic equipment and antennas, provide opportunities for improving the processes of their accounting at the stage of placement and monitoring of the levels of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at the operation stage. This automation tool can be a geo-information portal for providing sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of cellular base stations. The prototype of the geo-information portal allows both calculating the size of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) and building restriction zones (RZ) from the BS in online mode, displaying the results of calculations in graphical form and issuing sanitary and epidemiological conclusions for the placement and operation of base stations. The geo-information portal has the ability to synchronize with the data of the radio frequency center. Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing will be able to receive up-to-date analytical data. There will be completely automated processes of collecting, processing and storing information on BS.
Comparative analysis of the prevalence of congenital malformations of the brain in children of the radioactively contaminated territories of the Bryansk region after the Chernobyl disaster (1999-2014)
Authors: Корсаков Антон Вячеславович , Гегерь Э. В. , Лагерев Д. Г. , Пугач Л. И. , Пивоваров Ю. П. , Королик В. В. , Милушкина О. Ю. , Булацева М. Б.
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study. Based on the official statistics for 1999-2014, we carried out a comparative analysis of the incidence of congenital brain malformations in children resided in the radiation-contaminated areas of the Bryansk region after the Chernobyl disaster with different densities of Cesium-137 and Strontium-90. Material and Methods. Student’s t-test, Pearson chi-square test, Pearson correlation test, linear regression. Results. As a result of the study, no statistically significant excess in the frequency of anencephaly, hydrocephalus and encephalocele in children in more radiation-contaminated south-western territories (SWT) was found compared to the average regional data. However, in the SWT, the prevalence of microcephaly is statistically significant (p<0,05) above the average regional values (5.8 times). While the maximum values are recorded in the most radioactively polluted areas of the region when high statistically significant correlations are detected with the density of radioactive contamination with Cesium-137 (r=0.69; p=0.040) and Strontium 90 (r=0.70; p=0.037), while there are no significant dependencies for other brain defects of the brain. A statistically significant decrease in the long-term trend in the prevalence of microcephaly throughout the region without SWT in the period 1999-2014, and an increase in the radiation-contaminated SWT, was found. Conclusions. The results obtained presumably indicate to the influence of the radiation factor on the increased incidence of microcephaly in SWT relative to the average regional values without SWT for a sixteen-year period (1999-2014). The further studies are needed to analyze the incidence of various types of congenital malformations in order to determine a strategy for preventing birth of children with congenital anomalies.
Effect of pollutants on biochemical properties of microorganisms
Authors: Бойко Оксана Витальевна , Доценко Ю. И. , Гудинская Н. И. , Бойко В. И. , Мухамедзянова Р. И. , Козак Д. М. , Стенькин Ф. С.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The development of different ways of identifying hazard of substances, polluting the environment, that are alternative to routine methods for assessing health of different professional groups of people, as well as to tests on laboratory animals, has been assessed and summarized in a number of papers, and there is a growing volume of actual data on this issue. The analyzing pathogenic properties of microflora, isolated from polluted habitats or changed under the effect of pollutants, allows both assessing the risk of diseases with microbial etiology and identifying the influence of modifying factors on this process. Materials and methods. The research was performed on 150 cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, exposed to diethanolamine, phenol, sulfuric and nitric acids, taken at the level of their threshold limit value. The same cultures incubated without pollutants were used as a control group. Pathogenic factors were determined with the use of traditional methods, our modified methods (RNAase activity) and standard agents, kits and media. Results. The contact with all the pollutants resulted in a fair increase in adhesive, anti-Ig, lysozyme, anti-lysozyme and RNAase activities of microorganisms, their resistance to antibacterial action of blood serum, as well as to damaging action of lactoferrin. The bacteria increased their ability to synthesize a substance, immunologically similar to human lactoferrin. At the same time, there was a decrease in lipase activity, primarily referred to factors determining the bacterial ability to survive in the environment. Discussion. Therefore, the paper results can be presented as follows: being an independent and holistic section of modern microbiology, bacterial biochemistry unites the issues appeared to be far from each other - changes in factors of pathogenicity and persistence of microorganisms and technogenic changeability of the environment. Being quite urgent today, this problem may become aggravated in the course of further technological progress.