bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Integrated Operation for Urban Streams with Centralized and Decentralized Reservoirs to Improve System Resilience
Authors: Lee Eui Hoon , Choi Young Hwan , Kim Joong Hoon
Published: January 2019

Recently, the number of extreme rainfall events has increased because of climate change. The ever-widening impervious area in urban watersheds also continuously augments runoff volume. Most measures to prevent urban inundation are structural, such as the construction, rehabilitation, and replacement of urban drainage facilities. Because structural measures require time and money, nonstructural measures are also required for the efficient prevention of urban inundation. Current operations in Korea focus on the individual operation of urban drainage facilities while neglecting the status of effluent streams. A study on urban drainage facilities that considers the status of urban streams is necessary to improve the operation of drainage facilities in urban areas. A revised resilience index is suggested to evaluate measures. For the historical rainfall event in 2010, the system resilience for current and integrated operations was 0.199 and 0.238, respectively. For the 2011 event, the system resilience for current and integrated operations was 0.064 and 0.235, respectively. The integrated operation exhibited good performance for the 2010 and 2011 events. Based on the results of this study, an operation as a nonstructural measure for the total management of urban areas is proposed. The revised resilience index could support decision-making processes for flood-management plans.
Generation of Monthly Precipitation Climatologies for Costa Rica Using Irregular Rain-Gauge Observational Networks
Authors: Mendez Maikel , Calvo-Valverde Luis-Alexander , Maathuis Ben , Alvarado-Gamboa Luis-Fernando
Published: January 2019

Precipitation climatologies for the period 1961–1990 were generated for all climatic regions of Costa Rica using an irregular rain-gauge observational network comprised by 416 rain-gauge stations. Two sub-networks were defined: a high temporal resolution sub-network (HTR), including stations having at least 20 years of continuous records during the study period (157 in total); and a high spatial resolution sub-network (HSR), which includes all HTR-stations plus those stations with less than 20 years of continuous records (416 in total). Results from the kriging variance reduction efficiency (KRE) objective function between the two sub-networks, show that ordinary kriging (OK) is unable to fully explain the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation within most climatic regions if only stations from the HTR sub-network are used. Results also suggests that in most cases, it is beneficial to increase the density of the rain-gauge observational network at the expense of temporal fidelity, by including more stations even though their records may not represent the same time step. Thereafter, precipitation climatologies were generated using seven deterministic (IDW, TS2, TS2PARA, TS2LINEAR, TPS, MQS and NN) and two geostatistical (OK and KED) interpolation methods. Performance of the various interpolation methods was evaluated using cross validation technique, selecting the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root-mean square error (RMSE) as agreement metrics. Results suggest that IDW is marginally superior to OK and KED for most climatic regions. The remaining deterministic methods however, considerably deviate from IDW, which suggests that these methods are incapable of properly capturing the true-nature of spatial precipitation patterns over the considered climatic regions. The final generated IDW climatology was then validated against the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), Climate Research Unit (CRU) and WorldClim datasets, in which overall spatial and temporal coherence is considered satisfactory, giving assurance about the use this new climatology in the development of local climate impact studies.
Fuzzy Prediction of Power Lithium Ion Battery State of Function Based on the Fuzzy c-Means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Wang Dasong , Yang Feng , Gan Lin , Li Yuliang
Published: January 2019

Following the widespread and large-scale application of power lithium ion battery, State of Function (SOF) estimation technology of power lithium ion batteries has gained an increasing amount of attention from both scientists and engineers. During the lifetime of the power lithium ion battery, SOF reflects the maximum instantaneous output power of the battery. When discarded, it is able to show the degree of performance degradation of the power battery when also taken as a performance evaluation parameter. In this paper, the variables closely related to SOF have been selected to conduct the fuzzy inference system, which is optimized by the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, to estimate the SOF of the power lithium ion battery, whose relations can be proved by experimental data. Our simulation results and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of the estimation strategy.
Tourists' Values and Perceived Appropriate Uses of National Parks
Authors: Ghazvini Seyed Ahmad Moumen , Timothy Dallen J. , Sarmento João , Lim Lay Kian
Published: January 2019

National park managers must consider people's different values, beliefs, and attitudes in developing management plans and policies to justify providing opportunities for public recreation preserving ecological integrity. This study examines tourists' perceptions of appropriate uses
of, and services within, national parks, which in turn are influenced by their value orientations. It then investigates how value orientations can affect tourists' perceptions toward appropriate uses of national parks. The article also identifies the mediating role of environmental concern
on value orientations with regard to appropriate national park uses and services. Data from 379 tourists in Malaysia's Taman Negara National Park reveal that tourists perceive appreciative or passive activities as most appropriate and more consumptive activities, such as hunting and golf courses,
as least appropriate. Results also indicate positive and negative relationships between value orientations and perceived suitableness of accommodations and services, activities, and facilities within national parks.
Media Coverage, Tourism Growth, and Spatial Spillover: Evidence from China
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Lin Bishu , Gao Jie , Lin Yuxia
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the direct and spillover effects of media coverage on tourism growth in China. The theoretical foundation for how media affects development of regional tourism economy is deduced. An empirical analysis based on panel data from 31 Chinese provinces for the years
2003–2014 is presented through ordinary and spatial regression model. The main conclusions of the econometric analysis are that media coverage can significantly promote the development of local tourism growth by acting as an information intermediary, enhancing the image of the tourism
destination, and forming public opinion pressure. Local media coverage can yield a positive impact on the economic development of neighboring tourism areas, as a result of accelerating the exchange and spillover efficiency of regional tourism information. Comparing to the geographical distance
between provinces, the correlations degree of interregional tourism economy is more conducive to promote the spillover effect of media coverage on tourism growth.
Using Drawings to Explore Images of Vienna
Authors: Matteucci Xavier , Önder Irem
Published: January 2019

This article illustrates how drawing has been employed as a stand-alone method to research destination image. Despite arguments for unstructured approaches to learn about how people conceive places, few tourism researchers have explored the potential of the drawing technique. We sought
to address this methodological gap by collecting visual data that would capture a more holistic image of a destination. Thus, 88 drawings of Vienna, the Austrian capital, were collected among a student population of past visitors and nonvisitors. Content analysis and compositional interpretation
were used to identify relevant attributes about Vienna, and to flesh out the destination's affective dimension. We used a biplot to visually represent the research findings from the two groups. Although exploratory, this study reveals the potential of drawings as a tool to research destination
images held by both past visitor and nonvisitor groups.
Tourism and Soft Power: Scripting Servicescapes For the China Outbound Market
Authors: Johnson Patricia C.
Published: January 2019

This article critically inspects worldmaking as a concept, lens, and approach to uncover political agendas that stretch beyond tourism. Worldmaking is a process of fabricating peoples and places through art, literature, and other representational forms. Launched in 2012 as a key deliverable
of Tourism 2020, the Welcoming Chinese Visitor Program (WCVP) is a Sino-Australian device of soft power that works to Easternize business practice in the Australian tourism industry. Worldmaking assists to see how the text demanufactures bygone beliefs to remanufacture a new
China through the discursive framework of patriotism, pride, and emerging world power. The analysis reveals tourism as an agent of soft power and the facilitator to further a political agenda. This postdisciplinary research draws from the psychology of human interaction with Rasmussen, Sieck,
Crandall, Simpkins, and Smith's four domains of competency model and Shank and Abelson's knowledge structure model. The Service Ready module emphasizes three key themes as necessary inclusions to all servicescape scripts aimed at Chinese visitors: the 3Ps of pride, position, and power.
Worldmaking as a platform for enquiry provides an approach that swivels the focus from tourism as subject to tourism as agent.
Mechanistic studies of an L-proline-catalyzed pyridazine formation involving a Diels–Alder reaction with inverse electron demand
Authors: Schnell Anne , Willms J Alexander , Nozinovic S , Engeser Marianne
Published: January 2019

The mechanism of an L-proline-catalyzed pyridazine formation from acetone and aryl-substituted tetrazines via a Diels–Alder reaction with inverse electron demand has been studied with NMR and with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. A catalytic cycle with three intermediates has been proposed. An enamine derived from L-proline and acetone acts as an electron-rich dienophile in a [4 + 2] cycloaddition with the electron-poor tetrazine forming a tetraazabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene derivative which then eliminates N2 in a retro-Diels–Alder reaction to yield a 4,5-dihydropyridazine species. The reaction was studied in three variants: unmodified, with a charge-tagged substrate, and with a charge-tagged proline catalyst. The charge-tagging technique strongly increases the ESI response of the respective species and therefore enables to capture otherwise undetected reaction components. With the first two reaction variants, only small intensities of intermediates were found, but the temporal progress of reactants and products could be monitored very well. In experiments with the charge-tagged L-proline-derived catalyst, all three intermediates of the proposed catalytic cycle were detected and characterized by collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments. Some of the CID pathways of intermediates mimic single steps of the proposed catalytic cycle in the gas phase. Thus, the charge-tagged catalyst proved one more time its superior effectiveness for the detection and study of reactive intermediates at low concentrations.
ON A CLASS OF EFFICIENT HIGHER ORDER NEWTON-LIKE METHODS
Authors: Sharma Janak Raj , Kumar Deepak
Published: January 2019

Based on a two-step Newton-like scheme, we propose a three-step scheme of convergence order p+2 (p >=3) for solving systems of nonlinear equations. Furthermore, on the basis of this scheme a generalized k+2-step scheme with increasing convergence order p+2k is presented. Local convergence analysis including radius of convergence and uniqueness results of the methods is presented. Computational efficiency in the general form is discussed. Theoretical results are verified through numerical experimentation. Finally, the performance is demonstrated by the application of the methods on some nonlinear systems of equations.
Relativistic Supernova Ejecta Colliding with a Circumstellar Medium: An Application to the Low-luminosity GRB 171205A
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Maeda Keiichi , Shigeyama Toshikazu
Published: January 2019

We perform multiwavelength light-curve modeling of the recently discovered low-luminosity gamma-ray burst (GRB) 171205A. The emission model is based on the relativistic ejecta–circumstellar medium (CSM) interaction scenario. The collision of freely expanding spherical ejecta traveling at mildly relativistic velocities with the CSM produces the reverse and forward shocks, which dissipate a part of the kinetic energy of the mildly relativistic ejecta. We show that the early gamma-ray emission followed by an X-ray tail can be well explained by the radiation diffusing out from the shocked gas. Mildly relativistic ejecta with a kinetic energy of 5 × 1050 erg and a wind-like CSM with a mass-loss rate of a few 10−4
M
⊙ yr−1 for a wind velocity of 103 km s−1, which extends up to ∼3 × 1013 cm, are required to account for the gamma-ray luminosity and duration of GRB 171205A. We also calculate the photospheric and nonthermal emission after the optically thick stage, which can fit the late-time X-ray, optical, and radio light curves. Our results suggest that the relativistic ejecta–CSM interaction can be a potential power source for low-luminosity GRBs and other X-ray-bright transients.
2FHL J0826.1–4500: Discovery of a Possible Shock–Cloud Interaction on the Western Edge of the Vela Supernova Remnant
Authors: Eagle J. , Marchesi S. , Castro D. , Ajello M. , Duvidovich L. , Tibaldo L.
Published: January 2019

We report on the investigation of a very high-energy, Galactic γ-ray source recently discovered at >50 GeV using the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi. This object, 2FHL J0826.1−4500, displays one of the hardest >50 GeV spectra (photon index Γ
γ
∼ 1.6) in the 2FHL catalog, and a follow-up observation with XMM-Newton has uncovered diffuse, soft thermal emission at the position of the γ-ray source. A detailed analysis of the available multi-wavelength data shows that this source is located on the western edge of the Vela supernova remnant (SNR): the observations and the modeling of the spectral energy distribution support a scenario where this γ-ray source is the byproduct of the interaction between the SNR shock and a neutral hydrogen cloud. If confirmed, this shock–cloud interaction would make 2FHL J0826.1−4500 a promising candidate for efficient particle acceleration.
Formation of Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars As a Consequence of Inhomogeneous Metal Mixing
Authors: Hartwig Tilman , Yoshida Naoki
Published: January 2019

We present a novel scenario for the formation of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. Carbon enhancement at low stellar metallicities is usually considered a consequence of faint or other exotic supernovae. An analytical estimate of cooling times in low-metallicity gas demonstrates a natural bias, which favors the formation of CEMP stars as a consequence of inhomogeneous metal mixing: carbon-rich gas has a shorter cooling time and can form stars prior to a potential nearby pocket of carbon-normal gas, in which star formation is then suppressed due to energetic photons from the carbon-enhanced protostars. We demonstrate that this scenario provides a natural formation mechanism for CEMP stars from carbon-normal supernovae, if inhomogeneous metal mixing provides carbonicity differences of at least one order of magnitude separated by >10 pc. In our fiducial (optimistic) model, 8% (83%) of observed CEMP-no stars ([Ba/Fe] < 0) can be explained by this formation channel. This new scenario may change our understanding of the first supernovae and thereby our concept of the first stars. Future 3D simulations are required to assess the likelihood of this mechanism to occur in typical high-redshift galaxies.
The Limitations of Optical Spectroscopic Diagnostics in Identifying Active Galactic Nuclei in the Low-mass Regime
Authors: Cann Jenna M. , Satyapal Shobita , Abel Nicholas P. , Blecha Laura , Mushotzky Richard F. , Reynolds Christopher S. , Secrest Nathan J.
Published: January 2019

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses between

are crucial to our understanding of black hole seed formation and are the prime targets for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, yet black holes in this mass range have eluded detection by traditional optical spectroscopic surveys aimed at finding active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In this Letter, we have modeled for the first time the dependence of the optical narrow emission line strengths on the black hole mass of accreting AGN over the range of

. We show that as the black hole mass decreases, the hardening of the spectral energy distribution from the accretion disk changes the ionization structure of the nebula. The enhanced high-energy emission from IMBHs results in a more extended partially ionized zone compared with models for higher mass black holes. This effect produces a net decrease in the predicted [O iii]/Hβ and [N ii]/Hα emission line ratios. Based on this model, we demonstrate that the standard optical narrow emission line diagnostics used to identify massive black holes fail when the black hole mass falls below

for highly accreting IMBHs and for radiatively inefficient IMBHs with active star formation. Our models call into question the ability of common optical spectroscopic diagnostics to confirm AGN candidates in dwarf galaxies, and indicate that the low-mass black hole occupation fraction inferred from such diagnostics will be severely biased.
The Bryozoa collection of the Italian National Antarctic Museum, with an updated checklist from Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea
Authors: Cecchetto Matteo , Lombardi Chiara , Canese Simonepietro , Cocito Silvia , Kuklinski Piotr , Mazzoli Claudio , Schiaparelli Stefano
Published: January 2019

This study provides taxonomic and distributional data of bryozoan species from the Ross Sea area, mainly around Terra Nova Bay, based on specimens curated at the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA, Section of Genoa). Bryozoan specimens were collected at 75 different sampling stations in the Ross Sea and in the Magellan Strait, in a bathymetric range of 18–711 meters, during 13 expeditions of the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA) conducted between 1988 and 2014. A total of 282 MNA vouchers corresponding to 311 specimens and 127 morphospecies have been identified and included in the present dataset. 62% of the species were already reported for the Terra Nova Bay area, where most of the Italian samples come from, with a 35% of samples representing new records classified at the specific level, and 3% classified at the genus level. These new additions increase to 124 the total number of species known to occur in Terra Nova Bay. Four 3D-models of Antarctic bryozoans from the Ross Sea are also presented and will be released for research and educational purposes on the Museum website.
Description of two cryptic species of the Amolops ricketti group (Anura, Ranidae) from southeastern China
Authors: Lyu Zhi-Tong , Huang Lin-Sheng , Wang Jian , Li Yuan-Qiu , Chen Hong-Hui , Qi Shuo , Wang Ying-Yong
Published: January 2019

Two cryptic species, which were previously reported as Amolopsricketti, are revealed on the basis of significant morphological and genetic divergences. Amolopssinensissp. n. from central Guangdong, northeastern Guangxi and southwestern Hunan can be distinguished by the longitudinal glandular folds on the skin of the shoulders and other character combinations. Amolopsyatsenisp. n. from the coastal hills of west Guangdong can be distinguished by the dense tiny round translucent, or white, spines on the dorsal skin of the body, dorsal and dorsolateral skin of the limbs, and other character combinations. The phylogenetic interrelationships of the A.ricketti group have been inferred as (A.wuyiensis + A.ricketti) + (A.yunkaiensis + (A.albispinus + (A.sinensissp. n. + A.yatsenisp. n.))). This work indicates that the current records of A.ricketti might be a species complex composed of multiple species, and further work is needed to figure out this puzzle.
Les marqueurs de reformulation formés sur dire : exploration outillée
Authors: Steuckardt Agnès
Published: January 2019

Cette étude identifie, en s’appuyant sur de grands corpus écrits et oraux, les marqueurs formés sur dire susceptibles de participer à une opération de reformulation et décrit les différentes configurations de reformulation qu’ils génèrent. Elle envisage la reformulation comme une mise en équivalence sémantique ou référentielle entre une première formulation  X et une seconde formulation  Y . Avec les marqueurs-connecteurs du type c’est-à-dire , le schéma est habituellement X marqueur-connecteur Y , et rarement X Y marqueur-connecteur . Avec les marqueurs occasionnels, du type comme on dit ou disons , on peut avoir des configurations X | marqueur Y et marqueur X | Y , qui mettent en scène la reformulation, ou X | Y marqueur et X marqueur | Y , qui suivent le flux du discours en train de se dire, avec ses repentirs et ses tâtonnements.
Diversité des répétitions et des reformulations dans les interactions orales : défis analytiques et conception d’un outil de détection automatique
Authors: Ursi Biagio , Etienne Carole , Oloff Florence , Mondada Lorenza , Traverso Véronique
Published: January 2019

Cette contribution propose une analyse qualitative et quantitative des reformulations sur des données interactionnelles. Pour la constitution du corpus d’étude, nous nous appuyons sur un outil de détection automatique des hétéro-répétitions, considérées comme indices de reformulation. Après avoir illustré les éléments qui ont présidé à la conception de l’outil, nous présentons le paramétrage de cette ressource, que nous avons testée sur quatre enregistrements de la base de données clapi . Cette étude souligne la pertinence de l’approche interactionnelle dans l’analyse des hétéro-répétitions, en en montrant les fonctionnalités multiples, notamment dans les pratiques de reformulation dans la conversation.
La stupidité dans le champ analytique : les vicissitudes du processus de séparation à l’adolescence
Authors: Cassorla Roosevelt M.S.
Published: January 2019

L’objectif de cet article est d’élargir la compréhension de certains aspects techniques dans le travail avec les adolescents qui érigent des organisations défensives contre la séparation d’avec leurs aspects infantiles. Ces organisations anesthésient l’adolescent face à la réalité de la triangulation et face aux défenses narcissiques. Les familles de ces adolescents peuvent participer de cette organisation et l’analyste lui-même peut aussi être sollicité pour y participer. La perception de l’analyste peut devenir floue comme s’il était frappé de stupidité. Certains aspects des mythes de Narcisse et d’Œdipe sont utilisés comme modèles pour étudier la stupidité. L’analyse d’une adolescente psychotique qui entretient une relation symbiotique à sa famille illustre la façon dont le champ analytique peut être envahi par ces configurations défensives. La jeune patiente, sa famille et l’analyste sont pris dans des collusions de type idéalisées ou de type domination/soumission mais ces organisations défensives ne sont identifiées qu’après la survenue de leur effondrement traumatique. Le développement du réseau de chaînes symboliques permet d’identifier les organisations symbiotiques transgénérationnelles tandis que les modèles de mises en acte permettent de comprendre les aléas de la technique. L’article se termine avec une comparaison imaginaire entre le « patient » Œdipe et la patiente présentée. Ces conjectures permettent une réinterprétation du mythe d’Œdipe. Cette réinterprétation ainsi que l’étude théorico-clinique de ce cas peuvent servir de modèle pour la compréhension des aléas techniques auxquels est confronté l’analyste qui travaille avec des adolescents perturbés.
Applications cliniques de la pensée de Matte Blanco
Authors: Sanchez-Cardenas Michel
Published: January 2019

Ignacio Matte Blanco (1908-1995) a laissé très peu d’indications précises sur comment se traduisaient dans son style interprétatif ses notions théoriques. L’auteur montre comment il se sert de Matte Blanco pour formuler certaines de ses interprétations. Une première partie de l’article effectue un rappel des concepts matteblanquiens grâce à des vignettes cliniques. Leur vocabulaire théorique est de la sorte explicité. Ensuite deux séances issues de psychanalyses sont exposées plus longuement, ainsi qu’une séance de psychothérapie. On peut voir de la sorte concrètement comment se servir des notions apportées par Matte Blanco qui permettent de revisiter différents pans de la théorie analytique. Ceci concerne en particulier le rêve, une vue d’ensemble de la psychopathologie en fonction des proportions des fonctionnements asymétrique et symétrique dans la bi-logique du patient, la multidimensionnalité de l’inconscient symétrique, l’inconscient structurel, la relation émotion-pensée, l’identification projective, la résistance, la réaction thérapeutique négative. Les conséquences pratiques que cela implique sont développées. Il s’en dégage en particulier la possibilité d’un « penser avec le patient » en séance, qui vise à lui permettre d’introjecter un fonctionnement mental où le mode symétrique n’envahit pas le mode asymétrique (ce qui peut être rapproché du dialogue entre parties psychotique et non psychotique du psychisme, pour reprendre le vocabulaire de Bion).
How to develop insect-based ingredients for feed and food? A company’s perspective
Authors: Aarts K.W.P.
Published: January 2019

To produce and sell insect-based feeds and foods is not an easy task but there is a lot of reason for positivity. People from all over the world and from all disciplines visited in May 2018 the second ‘Insects to feed the world conference’ in Wuhan China. Entrepreneurs, regulators and academics all joined a packed four day program where people presented their advancements in science and business. The event showed a big step forward following the first conference four years ago. I have been asked to give my view on the insect industry from a food system perspective and how this view can help identifying the next opportunities for businesses and science.
The Hospital Clinical Preceptor: Essential Preparation for Success
Authors: Baltimore Jane J
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Hospitals have a responsibility to provide preceptors with the knowledge and skills required to provide bedside instruction to and evaluation of orientees. Formal preceptor preparation programs that provide practical information for immediate application are necessary for successful transition of orientees into patient care environments. Essential content includes the importance of socialization, skill building techniques, critical thinking facilitation, and assignment management. Preceptor preparation courses need to be based on adult learning principles and incorporate interactive and creative teaching strategies.
Doing Phenomenological Research Collaboratively
Authors: Paton Brenda , Martin Sue , McClunie-Trust Patricia , Weir Norma
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Collaborative research between nurses employed in the academic and practice sectors is a cost-effective and innovative way to investigate aspects of clinical practice, articulate clinical and teaching expertise, and extend professional practice knowledge. In collaborative ventures, researchers from different institutional cultures often work together to investigate a particular area of interest. This poses challenges in relation to the perceptions, understandings, and interpretations of the research question and of the mode of inquiry, particularly when investigating through the qualitative paradigm.

The purpose of this article is twofold. The first is to clarify some of the challenges experienced while conducting collaborative research and describe the steps taken to ensure consistency between the purpose of the research and the phenomenological research design used to explore the learning that nursing students acquire in their final clinical practicum. Second, it was thought that by illuminating this learning, registered nurses working as preceptors and those supporting new graduates could gain insight into the complexities of learning the skills of safe and competent practice from the student's perspective. This insight is essential in creating a strategy between education and practice to minimize the duplication of learning opportunities and lessen the cost of supporting newly registered nurses, which may be at the expense of investment in the professional development of experienced registered nurses.
Reduce the Nursing Shortage: Help Inactive Nurses Return to Work
Authors: McLean Therese , Anema Marion
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

One solution to alleviate the nursing shortage is to help inactive nurses return to work. A self-directed refresher course at Tennessee State University School of Nursing is meeting the challenge to help inactive registered nurses return to practice. The course allows inactive nurses autonomy in scheduling their individual study and their clinical experiences. A survey, sent to nurses who completed the course, revealed that the flexible schedule was the key factor in their ability to return to practice. Refresher courses are one option to increase the number of registered nurses.
National Quality Efforts: What Continuing and Staff Development Educators Need to Know
Authors: Gallagher Rita Munley
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

In 1994, the American Nurses Association initiated a series of activities currently referred to as Nursing's Quality Initiative. This first step toward public accountability was based on the premise that all nurses must become more knowledgeable about the measurement, improvement, and benchmarking of clinical costs, quality, and outcomes specific to nursing. The American Nurses Association has not been working alone to advance quality health care. Rather, it has taken an active role in several collaborative activities, including those of the National Quality Forum. The National Quality Forum has focused on a variety of issues, including nursing care performance measurement, an activity in which the American Nurses Association has been involved. It is up to professional nursing, the National Quality Forum, and all who have interest in the provision (or receipt) of quality health care to advance quality in a collaborative, coordinated way.
Innovative Approaches to Reducing Nurses' Distractions During Medication Administration
Authors: Pape Tess M , Guerra Denise M , Muzquiz Marguerite , Bryant John B , Ingram Michelle , Schranner Bonnie , Alcala Armando , Sharp Johanna , Bishop Dawn , Carreno Estella , Welker Jesusita
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Contributing factors to medication errors include distractions, lack of focus, and failure to follow standard operating procedures. The nursing unit is vulnerable to a multitude of interruptions and distractions that affect the working memory and the ability to focus during critical times. Methods that prevent these environmental effects on nurses can help avert medication errors.

Methods: A process improvement study examined the effects of standard protocols and visible signage within a hospital setting. The project was patterned after another study using similar techniques. Rapid Cycle Testing was used as one of the strategies for this process improvement project. Rapid Cycle Tests have become a part of the newly adopted Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control steps at this particular hospital.

Results: As a result, a medication administration checklist improved focus and standardized practice. Visible signage also reduced nurses' distractions and improved focus.

Conclusion: The results provide evidence that protocol checklists and signage can be used as reminders to reduce distractions, and are simple, inexpensive tools for medication safety.
A Case Study in Smartphone Usage and Gratification in the Age of Narcissism
Authors: Reid Alan J. , Thomas Chelsea N.
Published: January 2019

This research tracked the daily smartphone usage and checking habits of 43 undergraduate students at a mid-sized university for a minimum of thirty days to examine the primary uses of smartphones as well as the gratifications received from their usage. Empirical data was correlated with narcissism levels to better understand what drives a person to access media, often involuntarily. Results indicated significant differences between genders for device usage (how smartphones are used), the resulting gratifications (why smartphones are used), and narcissism. Findings showed an inverse relationship between smartphone usage and narcissism, and between usage and GPA. There also was a positive relationship between a user's smartphone checking habits and exhibitionism. These results are explained further through the lens of modern society's dependence on personal technologies and the gratifications that are satisfied.
The Human Factor
Authors: Platsis George
Published: January 2019

This article presents a cross spectrum of issues where the cyber domain is impacted by human decision making. Technical efforts and solutions are not enough. Therefore, until personal awareness of the cyber domain improves, we will be no closer to solving this great challenge of our time.
Cyber Crimes
Authors: Al-Saedy Hasan L.
Published: January 2019

The financial cost of cyber crime now has an annual cost estimated in the UK in eleven figures. In this chapter an ethic based definition of cyber crime is introduced and cyber crimes are classified. The impact of each class of cyber crime on society, individual, government and international security is highlighted. The cost of cyber crime is evaluated and a technique to prevent and mitigate the effect of these crimes on individual, government and international security and world peace is indicated. The forensic techniques and tools used in cyber crime evidence gathering and prosecuting procedure is also indicated. Finally, recommendations and suggestion are given to mitigate the impact of cyber crime on individuals, societies, world finance and international security.
SPCTA
Authors: Brown III Harry
Published: January 2019

The field of cybersecurity crosses multiple domains as it has risen to affect state governance. The Internet has enabled aspects of connectedness and capabilities that have the potential to effect state power. Such conditions affect the standing of nation-states within the international political system and their relation to other states. This is a matter of cyber-relations, where the behavior of states towards each other is based on the comparative cyber-capability of the state. Emerging conditions include the ability of non-state actors to wield similar cyber-power and affect state governance, and affect state operations and its contract with its constituents (contract alluding to the provisions for the public good). This research addresses the notion of non-state actors within this context, specifically, proposing and analytical framework for analyzing cyber threats from non-state actors.
A Survey Study of Smartphones Behavior in Brunei
Authors: Anshari Muhammad , Alas Yabit , Sabtu Norakmarul Ihsan binti Pg Hj , Yunus Norazmah
Published: January 2019

The use of smartphones is generating large amounts of data. The term “big data” has become popular in describing a massive data, both structured and unstructured. Big data refers to high volume, high velocity, and high variety. This study used an inductive approach involving the distribution of a questionnaire to gain an understanding of smartphone users' habits in Brunei. Then, the authors identified several concerns that became the focal point of further analysis in the use of smartphones in daily activities. The findings are correlated to the growing of trends of big data application for users' benefit. The finding suggests that there is growing demand from smartphone users could create better services and value through big data application. The authors propose a big data approach that will enable service providers to enhance smartphone users' experiences. Big data application will enable smartphones to become smarter in terms of service and value.
The Role of Communication in Online Trust
Authors: Chaari Latifa
Published: January 2019

This chapter aims at better understanding the behavior of the Internet user. It suggests studying the role of communication on the trust of Internet users towards commercial Websites. In order to realize this research, the authors mobilized the Communicative Action Theory of Jürgen Habermas (1987). Therefore, they have brought a new perspective in understanding online trust following action theory. For Habermas, communication is an action that depends on contextual, cultural, and human factors, which cannot be reduced to deterministic mechanisms. He deals with three types of action, which an actor might pursue following his interests, which can be instrumental, strategic, or emancipatory. The instrumental and strategic are purposive-rational actions, which aim at achieving success and at developing a calculated trust based on calculation of the advantages and the costs of the relation, whereas, the communicative action is coordinated by mutual understanding that allows the development of a relational trust based on social interactions. In communicative action, mutual understanding through language allows the social integration of actors and the coordination of their plans and their different interests. In this case, trust is based on a common definition of the situation and the resolution of conflicts of interests between actors. Internet is a medium of communication that can support the three kinds of action. The instrumental and strategic actions allow the development of calculated trust, whereas the communicative action allows the development of relational trust based on social interaction and mutual comprehension.
Measuring the World
Authors: Westhoff Dirk , Zeiser Maximilian
Published: January 2019

The authors claim that location information of stationary ICT components can never be unclassified. They describe how swarm-mapping (crowd sourcing) is used by Apple and Google to worldwide harvest geo-location information on wireless access points and mobile telecommunication systems' base stations to build up gigantic databases with very exclusive access rights. After having highlighted the known technical facts, in the speculative part of this article, the authors argue how this may impact cyber deterrence strategies of states and alliances understanding the cyberspace as another domain of geostrategic relevance. The states and alliances spectrum of activities due to the potential existence of such databases may range from geopolitical negotiations by institutions understanding international affairs as their core business, mitigation approaches at a technical level, over means of cyber deterrence-by-retaliation.
Living Parallel-ly in Real and Virtual
Authors: Akmam Jannatul , Huq Nafisa
Published: January 2019

With the marking of the digital age, all forms of digital technologies become a part of the existence of human life, thereby, an extension of self. The ever-increasing influence of the virtual world or Internet cultures demands to read its complex relationship with human existence in a digital world. Theory of psychoanalysis, specifically object-relation theory can be called forth to analyze this multifaceted relationship. Within the light of this theory, Internet cultures are acting as “objects” like games, memes, chat rooms, social net etc. and the virtual world can be interpreted as the “object world”. The chapter is interested in reading the deep psychoanalytic experience of people (with a special focus on the youth) in reference to their relationship with the virtual arena. The experience can be associated with religion, spirituality, perception of beauty, sexuality, Identity formation and so on. Their behavior and responses to the virtual world will be framed within the psychoanalytic paradigm in the light of “object relation theory” in a digital age.
Spear Phishing
Authors: Vishwanath Arun
Published: January 2019

The ubiquitous use of the Internet has made it possible for terrorist groups to remotely foment attacks with little risk of capture. Among the newest forms of attacks is cyber hacking, which has seen increased use by terrorist groups for acts ranging from pinpointing targets for assassination to holding organisations hostage and embarrassing governments. In almost all these attacks, spear phishing is the vector used to gain access to a computer network – making it imperative that policymakers find ways to stop it. This chapter provides an overview of the different types of spear phishing attacks and the reasons they succeed. The chapter then provides an overview of the different strategies being used to combat it and their relative effectiveness. Drawing from the latest social science research and from initiatives that have worked around the world, the chapter culminates with six policy suggestions, which could significantly reduce the effectiveness of spear phishing and protect nations from a major cyber attack.
The Trend of Mobile Malwares and Effective Detection Techniques
Authors: Adebayo Olawale Surajudeen , Aziz Normaziah Abdul
Published: January 2019

The usefulness of mobile phones nowadays has gone beyond making calls and sending text messages. In fact, most of applications available on desktop computer are presently easily accessible on mobile devices, especially smartphone based on Androids, iOS, and Windows phone platforms. However, at the same time, malware is increasingly becoming pervasive on a mobile platform for financial, social and political exploitation. This chapter examines the trends of mobile malware and different efforts of anti-malware writers and researchers in addressing mobile malware on smartphones.
Consumer Behavior in Online Risky Purchase Decisions
Authors: Strang Kenneth David
Published: January 2019

There is very little research about how consumers of different races trust online marketing information from businesses or government when making expensive purchase decisions such as cancer treatment medicine. In this article, a large cross-cultural sample was surveyed to evaluate trust belief levels for common online information sources when making risky purchase decisions. Trust belief levels of online information sources were significantly different across ethnicity and gender when making risky decision. Females across all ethnicities held higher trust beliefs for online information sources, and Asian females in particular had the highest trust beliefs for online data from library research to health care providers. Trust belief levels were lower for online social media and bank/financial institution online information sources for risky purchase decisions. These findings can be used by leaders, political authorities, and consumer behavior marketing managers to segment consumers by demographic characteristics.
The Use of Social Media in College Recruiting and the Student Job Search
Authors: Diepenbrock Amy , Gibson Wanda
Published: January 2019

This chapter addresses the gap in the literature regarding employer recruitment of college students, and more specifically, the use of social media in the recruitment and hiring processes by both students and employers. Background information on traditional recruiting strategies is briefly discussed as well as how employers are using social media. Additionally, how millennial college students typically communicate and how they should be using social media in the job search process are addressed. This chapter also includes data from a survey, administered by the authors, of U.S.-based employers who recruit college students with anecdotal information about how they utilize, or do not utilize, social media in their recruiting and hiring practices.
“A Large Can of Worms”
Authors: Betts Lucy R. , Spenser Karin A.
Published: January 2019

Digital technology use is increasingly impacting on the lives of young people. To gain a deeper understanding of the perceived impact of young people's digital technology use, 2 focus groups were conducted with 14 teachers recruited from 2 schools. The focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The analysis revealed three themes: changing social dynamics, risk and (ir)responsible behaviour, and disclosure and reporting of cyber bullying. Participants discussed how digital technology was shaping young people's social identity and impacting on established norms when interacting in the social arena. A number of benefits were attributed to technology use but participants also recognised young people's naivety and tendency to anthropomorphise the internet. Finally, there was a perception that young people underreported their experiences of cyber bullying and some of the challenges faced when tackling cyber bullying were discussed.
Notification Display Choice for Smartphone Users
Authors: Norrie Lauren , Murray-Smith Roderick
Published: January 2019

Notification displays have the potential to make smartphone notifications easier to manage when a user is committed to a primary task. The authors investigate the impact of negotiating notifications with six notification displays on a typing task. The results from their lab experiment with 30 participants show that desktop pop-ups were preferred significantly most, the display choice that required the fewest actions to read notifications, and the most actions to respond. The notification bar was least preferred, which required the most actions to read a notification, and the fewest actions to respond. This work is a well-controlled pre-cursor to the application of notification displays in social scenarios. The results motivate the use of external notification displays to manage attention around a smartphone.
The Lived Experience of Smartphone Use in a Unit of the United States Army
Authors: Gardner Gregory C.
Published: January 2019

Smartphones bring major changes to the way people gather information and interact. While smartphone use unleashes productivity it also has worrying implications. This study focused on the most important aspects of user experiences of smartphones in an Army work environment. Theory U and systems theory guided the research. This phenomenological study was based on interviews with soldiers of a variety of ages, ranks, and duty positions. While the findings are consistent with other research, it is clear that smartphone use ties to a number of complex leadership challenges. Paradoxical aspects of smartphone use are apparent as it also fosters stress and anxiety. More concerning, such use jeopardizes the development of the traditional military culture of the unit. Current Army policies do not address the concerns expressed by respondents. The results of the study are a call to action for Army leaders and offer a compelling case for transformative change.
Psychological Traits, Addiction Symptoms, and Feature Usage as Predictors of Problematic Smartphone Use Among University Students in China
Authors: Leung Louis , Liang Jingwen
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the effects of psychological traits (i.e., procrastination, leisure boredom, and impulsivity) and addiction symptoms on problematic smartphone use. Data were collected from a multistage random sample of 649 university students. The results showed that procrastination, impulsivity [including sensation seeking and (lack of) perseverance], symptoms of addiction (e.g., inability to control craving, withdrawal, and complaints), and frequent usage of smartphone features for instrumental, relational, expressive, and informational purposes were significant predictors of problematic smartphone use.