Introductions of Chickenpox to a Pediatric Multidisciplinary Hospital
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Mukhametzyanov A. M. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital, Ufa, Russian Federation, Kaidanek T. V. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Ponomareva D. N. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Valeeva D. V. ,   Republican Pediatric Clinical Hospital, Ufa, Russian Federation, Asylgareeva G. M. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Latypov A. A. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Background: The modern epidemic process of chickenpox is characterized by the involvement of all age groups and a high risk of forming epidemic foci in organized groups. The introduction of chickenpox into healthcare organizations and their further intra-hospital spread, especially in pediatric hospitals, requires adequate response and management decisions to minimize the risk of spread in a hospital environment. Objective: to study the frequency and risk factors of chickenpox cases in the hospital environment in a large pediatric multidisciplinary hospital to improve epidemiological surveillance. Materials and methods: The data of the epidemiological investigation reports of infectious (parasitic) outbreaks with establishment of a causal relationship for 2021-2023, medical records of inpatients and outpatients in a medical organization providing specialized, including high-tech, medical care were analyzed. The method of retrospective epidemiological analysis was used. The frequency of chickenpox (VO) inoculations in a medical organization (MO) per 1000 patients was determined. The index of focality was determined. A 95% confidence interval was calculated for relative values. Calculations were performed using the epidemiologic Confidence Interval Calculator. Quantitative indicators were evaluated for conformity to normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk criterion (number of indicators less than 50). The direction and strength of the correlation between two quantitative indicators in normal and non-normal distributions were evaluated using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, respectively. When conducting correlation analysis, the direction of the relationship (direct or inverse) and the strength of the relationship according to the Chaddock scale were taken into account. Statistical data processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel program. Results: The highest risk of introducing chickenpox into the emergency department when providing emergency and urgent medical care in outpatient settings to emergency non-hospitalized patients has been established. Significant (p<0.05) differences in the frequency of registration of VO cases in somatic and surgical departments were determined. A low foci rate of 1.2 in the conditions of implementation of algorithms of personnel actions was determined. Conclusions: To reduce the risk of introducing chickenpox into a medical organization in the context of the development of digital technologies, synergy of actions of primary health care specialists in specific epidemic foci, even in single cases of the disease, is necessary. In a medical organization, the most important measures to reduce the risk of spread in the context of VO introduction are the development and implementation of algorithms of personnel actions and improvement of the level of professional competence of medical workers.