bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding MicroRNA for Targeted RNA Interference
Authors: Anker Sophie C. , Szczeponik Marie G. , Dessila Jan , Dittus Katia , Engeland Christine E. , Jäger Dirk , Ungerechts Guy , Leber Mathias F.
Published: January 2023

Virotherapy is a promising, novel form of cancer immunotherapy currently being investigated in pre-clinical and clinical settings. While generally well-tolerated, the anti-tumor potency of oncolytic virus-based monotherapies needs to be improved further. One of the major factors limiting the replication efficiency of oncolytic viruses are the antiviral defense pathways activated by tumor cells. In this study, we have designed and validated a universal expression cassette for artificial microRNAs that can now be adapted to suppress genes of interest, including potential resistance factors. Transcripts are encoded as a primary microRNA for processing via the predominantly nuclear RNase III Drosha. We have engineered an oncolytic measles virus encoding this universal expression cassette for artificial microRNAs. Virally encoded microRNA was expressed in the range of endogenous microRNA transcripts and successfully mediated target protein suppression. However, absolute expression levels of mature microRNAs were limited when delivered by an oncolytic measles virus. We demonstrate that measles virus, in contrast to other cytosolic viruses, does not induce translocation of Drosha from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, potentially resulting in a limited processing efficiency of virus-derived, cytosolically delivered artificial microRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating functional expression of microRNA from oncolytic measles viruses potentially enabling future targeted knockdown, for instance of antiviral factors specifically in tumor cells.
Molecular Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2: The Dominant Role of Arginine in Mutations and Infectivity
Authors: Ridgway Harry , Ntallis Charalampos , Chasapis Christos T. , Kelaidonis Konstantinos , Matsoukas Minos-Timotheos , Plotas Panagiotis , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Moore Graham , Tsiodras Sotirios , Paraskevis Dimitrios , Mavromoustakos Thomas , Matsoukas John M.
Published: January 2023

Background, Aims, Methods, Results, Conclusions: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global challenge due to its ability to mutate into variants that spread more rapidly than the wild-type virus. The molecular biology of this virus has been extensively studied and computational methods applied are an example paradigm for novel antiviral drug therapies. The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the human population is driven, in part, by mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S-) protein, some of which enable tighter binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2). More stable RBD-ACE2 association is coupled with accelerated hydrolysis by proteases, such as furin, trypsin, and the Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) that augment infection rates, while inhibition of the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) can prevent the viral replication. Additionally, non-RBD and non-interfacial mutations may assist the S-protein in adopting thermodynamically favorable conformations for stronger binding. This study aimed to report variant distribution of SARS-CoV-2 across European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries and relate mutations with the driving forces that trigger infections. Variants’ distribution data for SARS-CoV-2 across EU/EEA countries were mined from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) based on the sequence or genotyping data that are deposited in the Global Science Initiative for providing genomic data (GISAID) and The European Surveillance System (TESSy) databases. Docking studies performed with AutoDock VINA revealed stabilizing interactions of putative antiviral drugs, e.g., selected anionic imidazole biphenyl tetrazoles, with the ACE2 receptor in the RBD-ACE2 complex. The driving forces of key mutations for Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, Kappa, Lambda, and Omicron variants, which stabilize the RBD-ACE2 complex, were investigated by computational approaches. Arginine is the critical amino acid in the polybasic furin cleavage sites S1/S2 (681-PRRARS-686) S2′ (814-KRS-816). Critical mutations into arginine residues that were found in the delta variant (L452R, P681R) and may be responsible for the increased transmissibility and morbidity are also present in two widely spreading omicron variants, named BA.4.6 and BQ.1, where mutation R346T in the S-protein potentially contributes to neutralization escape. Arginine binders, such as Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), could be a class of novel drugs for treating COVID-19.
Omicron Waves in Argentina: Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages BA.1, BA.2 and the Emerging BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5
Authors: Torres Carolina , Nabaes Jodar Mercedes , Acuña Dolores , Montaño Romina Micaela Zambrana , Culasso Andrés Carlos Alberto , Amadio Ariel Fernando , Aulicino Paula , Ceballos Santiago , Cacciabue Marco , Debat Humberto , Dus Santos María José , Eberhardt María Florencia , Espul Carlos , Fay Fabián , Fernández María Ailén , Fernández Franco , Muñoz Juan Manuel Fernandez , Ferrini Florencia , Gallego Fernando , Giri Adriana Angélica , Cerri Agustina , Bolatti Elisa , Gismondi María Ines , Goya Stephanie , Gramundi Iván , Irazoqui José Matías , König Guido Alberto , Leiva Viviana , Lucero Horacio , Marquez Nathalie , Nardi Cristina , Ortiz Belén , Pianciola Luis , Pintos Carolina Beatriz , Puebla Andrea Fabiana , Rastellini Carolina Victoria , Rojas Alejandro Ezequiel , Sfalcin Javier , Suárez Ariel , Tittarelli Estefanía , Toro Rosana , Villanova Gabriela Vanina , Ziehm María Cecilia , Zimmermann María Carla , Zunino Sebastián ,   Proyecto PAIS Working Group, Valinotto Laura , Viegas Mariana
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has lately been driven by Omicron. This work aimed to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages during the third and fourth waves of COVID-19 in Argentina. Molecular surveillance was performed on 3431 samples from Argentina, between EW44/2021 and EW31/2022. Sequencing, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses were performed. A differential dynamic between the Omicron waves was found. The third wave was associated with lineage BA.1, characterized by a high number of cases, very fast displacement of Delta, doubling times of 3.3 days and a low level of lineage diversity and clustering. In contrast, the fourth wave was longer but associated with a lower number of cases, initially caused by BA.2, and later by BA.4/BA.5, with doubling times of about 10 days. Several BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 sublineages and introductions were detected, although very few clusters with a constrained geographical distribution were observed, suggesting limited transmission chains. The differential dynamic could be due to waning immunity and an increase in population gatherings in the BA.1 wave, and a boosted population (for vaccination or recent prior immunity for BA.1 infection) in the wave caused by BA2/BA.4/BA.5, which may have limited the establishment of the new lineages.
The HIV Restriction Factor Profile in the Brain Is Associated with the Clinical Status and Viral Quantities
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Nazanin , Zhang Na , Branton William G. , Zghidi-Abouzid Ouafa , Cohen Eric A. , Gelman Benjamin B. , Estaquier Jerome , Kong Linglong , Power Christopher
Published: January 2023

HIV-encoded DNA, RNA and proteins persist in the brain despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), with undetectable plasma and cerebrospinal fluid viral RNA levels, often in association with neurocognitive impairments. Although the determinants of HIV persistence have garnered attention, the expression and regulation of antiretroviral host restriction factors (RFs) in the brain for HIV and SIV remain unknown. We investigated the transcriptomic profile of antiretroviral RF genes by RNA-sequencing with confirmation by qRT-PCR in the cerebral cortex of people who are uninfected (HIV[−]), those who are HIV-infected without pre-mortem brain disease (HIV[+]), those who are HIV-infected with neurocognitive disorders (HIV[+]/HAND) and those with neurocognitive disorders with encephalitis (HIV[+]/HIVE). We observed significant increases in RF expression in the brains of HIV[+]/HIVE in association with the brain viral load. Machine learning techniques identified MAN1B1 as a key gene that distinguished the HIV[+] group from the HIV[+] groups with HAND. Analyses of SIV-associated RFs in brains from SIV-infected Chinese rhesus macaques with different ART regimens revealed diminished RF expression among ART-exposed SIV-infected animals, although ART interruption resulted in an induced expression of several RF genes including OAS3, RNASEL, MX2 and MAN1B1. Thus, the brain displays a distinct expression profile of RFs that is associated with the neurological status as well as the brain viral burden. Moreover, ART interruption can influence the brain’s RF profile, which might contribute to disease outcomes.
Determination of Reservoir Temperatures of Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Systems in the Sudetes (SW Poland) Using Multicomponent Geothermometers
Authors: Kiełczawa Barbara
Published: January 2023

Thermal waters from deep circulation systems are mixed with cold shallow system components during their ascent to drainage zones. In the current research, classic chemical geothermometers and geothermometric modeling using the GeoT app were employed to determine the temperatures of geothermal reservoirs in the Sudetic region. Moreover, models of primary deep components mixed with cold shallow circulation system components were used to determine their proportions, particularly water deposits. In the studied geothermal systems, the proportion of the cold component ranged from c. 46% to c. 75%. Classic cation thermometers (Na-K, Na-K-Ca) indicated a very wide temperature range and they proved rather unreliable. The reservoir temperatures estimated with silica thermometers ranged from 52 °C to 141 °C and they can be deemed more reliable. The temperatures obtained from modeling (54.5 ± 3–120 ± 4) were adopted as temperatures of waters pre-cooled conductively and then mixed with cold components. The temperatures of primary deep waters (74–225 °C) were adopted as geothermal system temperatures.
Supplementing Missing Data Using the Drainage-Area Ratio Method and Evaluating the Streamflow Drought Index with the Corrected Data Set
Authors: Turhan Evren , Değerli Şimşek Serin
Published: January 2023

In water resources management, it is essential to have a full and complete set of hydrological parameters to create accurate models. Especially for long-term data, any shortcomings may need to be filled using the appropriate methods. Moving the recorded observed data using the drainage-area ratio (DAR) method to different points is considered one of these methods. The present study used data from six different flow observation stations in the Asi River sub-basin, known as the fertile agricultural areas in Turkey, and transferred the data to various other locations that already have existing observations. This study tested how close the values this method produced were to the actual values and investigated the question “how is missing data imputation improved by the determination of method bias coefficients?” to analyze the method’s accuracy, the streamflow drought index (SDI)—a hydrological drought index—was applied over a 12 month timescale. Contour maps were formed according to both the obtained index results by using the original data from the target station and the transferred streamflow data. As a result of this study, a severe divergence from the actual values was observed in the data directly transferred to the target stations in proportion to their area. The distance of the existing stations between each other produced a very high correlation coefficient, both in the direct transfer process and after the correction was applied. Similarly, in terms of drought index calculations, values close to 97% were seen in the original and transferred flow rates. Consequently, from the perspective of the effective management processes of water resources, the transportation of the data from basin-based observation stations corrected according to the drainage areas can be thought to positively affect the design stages and cost calculations for future water structures.
Microscale Constructed Wetlands with Different Particulate Matters in their Substrates Exhibit Opposite Nitrogen Removal Performances
Authors: Cui Lele , Xie Huijun , Zhang Shiwen , Hu Zhen , Liang Shuang , Zhang Jian
Published: January 2023

Excess suspended particulate matter (PM) in constructed wetland (CW) substrates may reduce the substrate porosity and thus affect pollutant removal performance. However, it remains unclear how different PMs affect the nitrogen removal performance in CWs. In this study, kaolin and polystyrene (PS) were selected as two model PMs added to CW substrates at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Four CWs were constructed, designated as C-CW without PM addition, K-CW with kaolin addition, M-CW with mixed addition of kaolin and PS, and PS-CW with PS addition. The CWs with or without PM addition showed no significant difference in terms of NH4+-N removal efficiency (p > 0.05), while the removal efficiency of NO3−-N and TN was significantly improved in PS-CW but, in contrast, was considerably inhibited in K-CW and M-CW (p < 0.05). The CWs with PM addition reduced the porosity of the substrates. There was no significant difference in the total solid quality among the CWs with PM addition (p < 0.05), but PS-CW had the highest volatile solid content. The addition of 100 mg/L PS significantly increased the activities of nitrite reductase (NIR) and nitrate reductase (NAR) with a much higher relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria, but it inhibited ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR) activities (p < 0.05). The activities of the four enzymes were improved to different degrees in K-CW and M-CW, in which the abundance of nitrifying bacteria was higher than that in C-CW. In conclusion, it was noteworthy that the effect of the PMs on the NO3−-N and TN removal performance were qualitatively different (i.e., enhanced vs. inhibited) with different types of PMs. This interesting and important new finding could provide valuable information for a better understanding and evaluation of the role of PMs in the nitrogen removal process during CW operation.
Development and Application of Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor (MABR)—A Review
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Bao Dongguan , Zhang Yaozhong , Xu Weiqing , Zhang Chi , Yang Heyun , Ru Qiujin , Wang Yi-fan , Ma Hao , Zhu Ershuai , Dong Lianxin , Li Li , Li Xiaoliang , Qiu Xiaopeng , Tian Jiayu , Zheng Xing
Published: January 2023

As a new type of biological treatment process, membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs), which have received extensive attention and research in recent years, could reduce energy consumption by 70% compared to the traditional activated sludge process. The MABR system uses bubble-free aeration membrane material as the carrier, the counter-diffusion mechanism of oxygen and pollutants enables ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrate oxidizing bacteria (NOB) to adhere to the membrane surface so that simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) can occur to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal. Currently, MABR technology has been successfully applied to the treatment of municipal sewage, various industrial wastewater, pharmaceutical, high salinity, high ammonia, aquaculture wastewater, landfill leachate and black and odorous water bodies in rivers. Many laboratory experiments and pilot-scale MABR reactors have been used to study the performance of membrane materials, the mechanism of pollutant removal and the effects of different factors on the system. However, the performance of MABR is affected by factors such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, C/N, biofilm thickness, hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature, etc., which limits large-scale promotion. Therefore, membrane materials, membrane modules, biofilm, application of MABR technology, influencing factors of MABR system performance, and limitations and perspectives of MABR are reviewed in this paper, and we expect to provide valuable information.
The “Journey” of Microplastics across the Marine Food Web in China’s Largest Fishing Ground
Authors: Jiang Rijin , Deng Zhaochao , Li Jingjing , Xiao Yi , Xu Yongjiu , Wang Jing , Li Tiejun , Zhang Chunfang
Published: January 2023

Microplastics in marine environments are becoming a hot topic since they can be transferred through the marine food web and may finally be consumed by humans. Here, we investigate the distribution characteristics of microplastics in marine organisms at different trophic levels through their digestive tracts (entire organisms for zooplankton and zoobenthos). A total of 124 fish and 22 crustaceans from 10 fish and 3 crustacean species, as well as a few zooplankton and zoobenthos, were captured from the Zhoushan fishing ground, i.e., China’s largest ocean fishing ground. The abundance of microplastics ranged from 0.74 ± 1.29 to 4.71 ± 2.19 items per sample in fish species and from 0.83 ± 1.07 to 1.00 ± 0.93 items per sample in crustacean species. Among the detected microplastics, fiber was the most dominant type (i.e., 67%), transparent microplastics were the most frequently detected (i.e., 49%), and the majority of the microplastics were identified as natural particles (cellulose). The abundance of microplastics was positively correlated with the trophic level (correlation coefficient = 0.717; p < 0.05). Our results show that microplastics are widespread in the marine organisms of the Zhoushan fishing ground, and they might accumulate in marine organisms at higher trophic levels of the marine food chain.
Comparison of Hydrological Platforms in Assessing Rainfall-Runoff Behavior in a Mediterranean Watershed of Northern Morocco
Authors: Aqnouy Mourad , Ahmed Mohamed , Ayele Gebiaw T. , Bouizrou Ismail , Bouadila Abdelmounim , Stitou El Messari Jamal Eddine
Published: January 2023

This research evaluates the applicability of different types of hydrological models to simulate discharge behavior scenarios in a northern Moroccan watershed, Oued Laou Watershed (OLW). In this context, an improved understanding of the runoff mechanisms through hydrological modeling of the OLW can assist in the hazard risk management and facilitate the effective planning of water resources. For that end, a multitude of hydrological models were used to perform a very efficient modelling, and a comparative approach was adopted. Comparison of the models allowed the determination of potential sources of uncertainty in hydrological modelling of a subhumid watershed. Three models (ATelier Hydrologique Spatialisé (ATHYS), Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)) with different characteristics were employed for a continuous modelling approach. The models were calibrated and validated using observed daily rainfall and streamflow data for 4 years (2004–2008) and 3 years (2009–2011), respectively. The multi-criteria model comparison (R², NSE, RSR, and PBIAS) showed that all three models are capable of reproducing the observed flows. The SWAT model performed well over both periods (NSE = 0.76 for calibration), with an improvement in validation (NSE = 0.84). A good agreement was also observed in the HEC-HMS model outputs, with an approximately stable NSE of 0.77 and 0.78 for calibration and validation phases, respectively. The ATHYS model showed a NSE value of 0.67 during the calibration, with a decrease of 0.06 towards the validation period. The other performance criteria confirmed these findings. Additionally, results suggest that semi-distributed and conceptual hydrological models are particularly suitable for the OLW given their physical heterogeneity. Generally, the integration of these models may be suitable for water resources assessment in OLW.
Arsenite Methyltransferase Is an Important Mediator of Hematotoxicity Induced by Arsenic in Drinking Water
Authors: Medina Sebastian , Zhang Haikun , Santos-Medina Laura V. , Yee Zachary A. , Martin Kaitlin J. , Wan Guanghua , Bolt Alicia M. , Zhou Xixi , Stýblo Miroslav , Liu Ke Jian
Published: January 2023

Chronic arsenic exposures via the consumption of contaminated drinking water are clearly associated with many deleterious health outcomes, including anemia. Following exposure, trivalent inorganic arsenic (AsIII) is methylated through a series of arsenic (+III oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3MT)-dependent reactions, resulting in the production of several intermediates with greater toxicity than the parent inorganic arsenicals. The extent to which inorganic vs. methylated arsenicals contribute to AsIII-induced hematotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, the contribution of As3MT-dependent biotransformation to the development of anemia was evaluated in male As3mt-knockout (KO) and wild-type, C57BL/6J, mice following 60-day drinking water exposures to 1 mg/L (ppm) AsIII. The evaluation of hematological indicators of anemia revealed significant reductions in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit in AsIII-exposed wild-type mice as compared to unexposed controls. No such changes in the blood of As3mt-KO mice were detected. Compared with unexposed controls, the percentages of mature RBCs in the bone marrow and spleen (measured by flow cytometry) were significantly reduced in the bone marrow of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. This was accompanied by increased levels of mature RBCS in the spleen and elevated levels of circulating erythropoietin in the serum of AsIII-exposed wild-type, but not As3mt-KO mice. Taken together, the findings from the present study suggest that As3MT-dependent biotransformation has an essential role in mediating the hematotoxicity of AsIII following drinking water exposures.
Attribution Analysis of Runoff Variation in the Second Songhua River Based on the Non-Steady Budyko Framework
Authors: Li Zan , Wu Yao , Li Ji , Qi Peng , Sun Jiaxin , Sun Yingna
Published: January 2023

Understanding the role of climate change and catchment characteristics in hydrological activity is important for the efficient use of water resources. In this study, a Budyko framework suitable for non-steady conditions was used to assess the impacts of climate change and catchment characteristics on the long-term changes in annual and seasonal runoff in the Second Songhua River (SSR) basin during the last 30 years. Based on the analysis of the hydro-meteorological series of the SSR, the runoff in the SSR basin showed a non-significant increasing trend. The hydro-meteorological elements changed abruptly in 2009, and the study period was divided into a baseline period (1989–2009) and a disturbed period (2010–2018). Runoff increased during the disturbed period compared to the baseline period, with a significant increase in spring runoff in the upstream area and summer runoff in the downstream area. The attribution analysis results indicated that the annual runoff was mainly affected by climatic factors, and 66.8–99.6% of yearly runoff changes were caused by climate change. Catchment characteristics had little effect on yearly runoff but significantly affected seasonal runoff. The catchment characteristics affecting runoff were mainly increased water withdrawal, changes in snowfall, degradation of permafrost, and changes in reservoir operation. This study provides a basis for further understanding the intra-annual runoff variability for SSR and other similar rivers.
Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior, Acceptance, and Hesitancy in Relation to the COVID-19 Vaccine among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Gianfredi Vincenza , Berti Alessandro , D’Amico Marilena , De Lorenzo Viola , Castaldi Silvana
Published: January 2023

A new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified at the end of 2019. It swiftly spread all over the world, affecting more than 600 million people and causing over 6 million deaths worldwide. Different COVID-19 vaccines became available by the end of 2020. Healthcare workers and more vulnerable people (such as the elderly and those with comorbidities) were initially prioritized, followed by the entire population, including pregnant and breastfeeding women. Despite the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, a certain level of skepticism was expressed, including among pregnant and breastfeeding women. There were several reasons for this reluctancy, among them, fear of side-effects for both women and fetuses. Nevertheless, acceptance, as well as hesitancy, were time, country and vaccine specific. This review will collect available evidence assessing knowledge, attitudes, behaviour, practice and acceptance/hesitancy of pregnant/breastfeeding women in relation to the COVID-19 vaccination. The PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and EMBASE databases will be consulted. A predefined search strategy that combines both free text and MESH terms will be used. The systematic review will adhere to the PRISMA guidelines and the results will be reported in both narrative and summary tables. A meta-analysis will be conducted if data are available.
BERITA BOHONG DAN MENYESATKAN TENTANG INFORMASI PRODUK DALAM KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Sudjana Sudjana
Published: January 2023

Freedom of expression through the use of Information Technology is carried out by taking into account the restriction not to contain false and misleading news. This study aims to determine the legal consequences of false and misleading news regarding product information in electronic contracts and to formulate the legal liability of business actors against false and misleading news about product information in electronic contracts. Typology The research methods are normative research, legal approach, data collection techniques through document studies and qualitative data analysis methods. The results of the study show that false news related to product information in electronic contracts violates subjective conditions, resulting in the agreement being cancelled, while "misleading" includes objective requirements because the non-fulfillment of the halal conditions causes the agreement to be null and void. lying and misleading regarding product information in electronic contracts based on the principle of strict liability and the form of liability is the imposition of contractual sanctions in civil law, product liability, administrative liability and criminal liability. Suggestion: Business actors must have good faith in making contracts and the Electronic Information and Transaction Law needs to regulate liability as a result of providing electronic information that contains false and misleading news.
AKIBAT HUKUM PERDAGANGAN NARKOBA SEBAGAI KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL
Authors: Hassanah Hetty
Published: January 2023

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dari peredaran narkoba lintas batas sebagai kejahatan transnasional. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik, dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara yuridis kualitatif, dalam hal ini analisis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan agar suatu peraturan perundang-undangan tidak bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian peredaran narkoba tidak hanya dilakukan secara konvensional, namun telah melewati batas negara sehingga dianggap sebagai kejahatan transnasional. Dengan demikian peredaran narkoba saat ini menjadi masalah hukum global karena tidak hanya melibatkan satu negara tetapi juga melibatkan beberapa negara dengan sistem hukum negara tersebut. Dampak dari penelitian ini menggambarkan perlunya penegakan hukum terhadap peredaran narkoba lintas batas sebagai kejahatan transnasional. Kesimpulannya, akibat hukum perdagangan narkoba sebagai kejahatan transnasional dapat dituntut tidak hanya berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia tetapi juga internasional karena Indonesia telah meratifikasi Convention Against Gelap Traffic In Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances 1988.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to conducted to determine the legal consequences of cross-border drug trafficking as a transnational crime. This research is descriptive analytic, using a normative juridical approach and the data obtained is analyzed juridically qualitatively, in this case the analysis is carried out by considering the hierarchy of laws and regulations so that a statutory regulation does not conflict with other laws and regulations. Based on the research results drug trafficking is not only carried out conventionally, but has crossed national borders so that it is considered a transnational crime. Thus the circulation of drugs is currently a global legal problem because it does not only involve one country but also involves several countries with that country's legal system. The impact of this study illustrates the need for law enforcement for cross-border drug trafficking as a transnational crime.  The conclusion is that the legal consequences of drug trafficking as a transnational crime can be prosecuted not only based on Indonesian legislation but also internationally because Indonesia has ratified the Convention Against Illicit Traffic In Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances 1988.
18-65 YAŞ ARASI BİREYLERDE PSİKOLOJİK BELİRTİLER VE YORDAYICI FAKTÖRLER
Authors: GÜNAY MOLU Nesibe , CEYLAN Burcu , YENER ÖZCAN Fatma
Published: January 2023

Araştırmanın amacı, yetişkin bireylerde psikolojik belirtilerin düzeylerini ve psikolojik belirtileri etkileyen demografik özellikleri belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de yaşayan 18-65 yaş arası bireyler oluşturdu. Araştırmada gelişigüzel örnekleme yöntemi ile 1448 bireye ulaşıldı. Veriler, çevrimiçi ortamda 11 soruluk Bilgi Formu ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE) ile toplandı. KSE ve alt boyutlarının ve toplam puanının ortak olarak kadınlarda, gelir düzeyi giderden daha az olanlarda, ailede hastalık tanısı almış birey bulunanlarda daha yüksek olarak saptanmıştır (p<0.05).KSE ve tüm alt boyutlara ait toplam puanların tahmininde cinsiyet ve ailede tanı konmuş hastalık bulunma durumunun istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Yaş ile olumsuz benlik ve hostilite puanları arasında negatif yönlü çok zayıf bir ilişki (r=-0.066, p=0.011), somatizasyon puanı arasında ise pozitif yönlü çok zayıf bir ilişki (r=-0.192, p<0.001) belirlendi. Erişkinlerin ruhsal durumunu cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, gelir düzeyi ve aile de hastalık bulunma durumunun etkilediği görülmüştür.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SCREEN ADDICTION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE, BALANCE, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDREN
Authors: KOYUNCU Beyza , KEPENEK VAROL Büşra
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between screen addiction and physical activity, physical performance, balance, circadian rhythm, and quality of life (QoL) in children. Sixty-eight children who were aged 8-12 years included in the study was assessed with the Screen Addiction Problematic Media Use Scale, the Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Six-Minute Walk Test, the 5 Repetition Sit to Stand Test, the Sit and Reach Test, the Vertical Jump Test, the Flamingo Balance Test, the Tandem Walking Test, the Daily Rhythm Scale for Children, and the Children's QoL Scale. There was no significant relationship between screen addiction and physical activity, physical performance, balance, circadian rhythm and QoL. While there is a positive statistically significant relationship (rs=0.350; p
Deities and Traditions of Worship in Vela Ramamoorthy's Novels
Authors: P Sivanpandi , A Nanthini
Published: January 2023

Human life consists of several layers. There is some reason behind his every action. As far as Tamil literature is concerned, from the first available book, Tolkappiyam, one can identify the thoughts of the deity and the records of worship. It is worth considering that Tolkappiyar refers to the deity as the first element in the theme. In the years that followed, it can be seen that thoughts about the deity have increased. In this way, this article deals with the deities and traditions of worship recorded in the novels of Vela Ramamoorthy.
Petrological, Geochemical and Mechanical Characteristics of Kooz Kunarr Khewa Calcite Marble.
Authors: Bawary Ahmad Faham , Noorzai Safiullah , Amin Usman , Nader Sohaib , Noori Ulfatullah , Zaheer Hamid , Salih Abdul Haq
Published: January 2023

This methodical investigation's primary goal is to ascertain the geological, geochemical, mineralogical, and mechanical characteristics of the calcite marble found in Khewa. The article includes all important information about Khewa calcite marble, including its quality, constituent minerals, related elements, and other data. The procedures employed for the precise investigation and evaluation of the mine's characteristics include manipulative field observation, laboratory examination of Khewa calcite marble, and preliminary library studies concerning the research location. The calcite marble library research provided exact and accurate information about the location of the examined area's geology, as well as information about its tectonics and magmatism. In order for the laboratory analysis to determine the true geology of the area under study, including adjacent rocks, and the chemical makeup of the calcite marble, laboratory examination is required. Mica schist is the neighboring rock to calcite marble (a metamorphic rocks).
A Ideia de Justiça Vista a Partir de Algumas Inovações do CPC/15
Authors: Soares da Silva Whesley Ramos
Published: January 2023

Fazer a justiça acontecer constitui o cerne do Estado de Direito. Buscar-se-á compreender aqui, se os instrumentos processuais trazidos pelo CPC/15 podem contribuir para o alcance desse ideal e por conseguinte, melhorar a prestação jurisdicional.
Os Princípios de Bangalore como Soft Law para a Concepção de uma Normatividade Global de Integridade Judiciária
Authors: Menezes Paulo de Tarso Duarte
Published: January 2023

A Carta de Princípios de Bangalore é um documento das Nações Unidas que busca criar um padrão universal de integridade judiciária. Tomando por base tal documento, o presente trabalho pretende examinar a gênese daquela Carta, o conteúdo axiológico ali concebido e, especialmente, responder se uma norma de natureza de soft law foi uma opção correta para atingir o efeito para qual foi criada.
Bit Error Rate Analysis Of Multiuser Massive MIMO Wireless System Using Linear Precoding
Authors: Onukwugha  , Gilean Chinwe , Njoku  , Onyedikachi Donatus , Jibiri  , Ebere Janefrances , Dimoji  , Chigozie
Published: January 2023

This paper presents bit error rate (BER) analysis of multiuser (MU) massive multiple input multiple out (MIMO) wireless system using linear precoding techniques. Considering the increasing demand for wireless communication that will provide seamless performance to meet users satisfaction, various precoding schemes have been developed and with massive MIMO projected to be a promising technology for 5G and next generation network. Therefore, this study was basically designed to examine the effect of linear zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) precoders on BER performance of MU massive MIMO system with up to 32 base station antennas (BS) and communicating with up to 5 user mobile terminals (MTs). A model that describes downlink operation of MU massive MIMO wireless communication system with spatial multiplexing employing linear ZF and MMSE precoders such that each user is equipped with single antenna MT resulting in overall access points of 5 antennas was developed in MATLAB. Computer simulations revealed that ZF outperformed MMSE. This observation was validated by similar report on massive MIMO in previous study.
Vom "Türkenjoch" zu "Deutschlands Freundschaft für die Türkei". Der Wandel des Wissens über das Osmanische Reich in deutschen Geschichtsschulbüchern 1839–1918
Authors: Hellmanzik Timm Gerd
Published: January 2023

Der Wandel des Sprechens „Vom Türkenjoch“ zu „Deutschlands Freundschaft für die Türkei“ zeigt die veränderte Wahrnehmung des Osmanischen Reichs in deutschen Geschichtsschulbüchern des 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts. Das vorliegende Buch bietet umfassende Einblicke in historische Schulbuchtexte und ihre Darstellungsweisen von „Türken“ und „der Türkei“, die in der bildungshistorischen Forschung bisher kaum Berücksichtigung fanden. Es dokumentiert das Wechselspiel von Selbst- und Fremdbildern innerhalb des pädagogischen Diskurses der damaligen Zeit aus transnationaler und postkolonialer Perspektive.
Citizenship Stripping in Myanmar as Lawfare
Authors: Kyaw Nyi Nyi
Published: January 2023

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THE LAWYER PROCEDURAL IMMUNITY: LAWYERS’ PROTECTION IN LEGAL PRACTICE
Authors: Alkhseilat Abdullah , Issa Hamzeh Abu , Al-Billeh Tareq , Al-Khawajah Noor , Alwerikat Naji
Published: January 2023

A pillar of justice, the rule of law, the realization of rights, and the protection of people's rights is the legal profession, and it is a very valued profession. It is a demanding job and a specialty that few people can master. It is a struggle between good and evil, justice and wrong. The search for evidence, its examination, collection, and submission to the appropriate court for consideration before the court renders its verdict makes the profession of the lawyer one of the most difficult. States must offer lawyers protection in legal texts to practice law freely within and outside the sessions related to their profession to uphold the rule of law. This research is devoted to the lawyer's procedural immunity and explains its legal provisions and the Jordanian law's suitability for them by contrasting it with various Arabic laws. It aims to strengthen lawyers' protection in legal practice.
COMPENSATION FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY A ROBOT
Authors: Alhendi Noor Issa , Salameh Muamar Hassan
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence has been used in many areas of life, as it is machines performing tasks that require human intelligence, such as finding solutions to some problems and collecting information, but the behavior of artificial intelligence may result in harm to others, so are the traditional liability rules valid for reparation. Artificial intelligence systems have provided many features that facilitate the conducting of tasks and functions requiring human intelligence, but at the same time they may cause severe damage that may reach the point of causing death. Because of the possibility of such and other damages, many doubts and concerns are raised about the use of these systems. And the legal problems it produces, especially with its acquisition of a kind of subjectivity. Therefore, given the wide spread of artificial intelligence systems and the start of their use as an industrial alternative to human energy, the provisions of liability arising from the damage that these systems may cause must be clarified. In general, responsibility appears when the individuals bear the consequences of their mistakes that harms others, by obliging the wrongdoer to compensate the injured party for the damage that occurred to him because of this mistake.
ANXIETY OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN ASU TOWARD CHEMISTRY COURSES
Authors: Sasa Tala H. , Bahtiti Nawal H. , Alahmad Waed R. , Abu-Rayyan Ahmed , Alayed Tasneem , Nawafleh Mohammad Khair
Published: January 2023

This research aims to look at the links between chemistry-learning anxiety, chemistry-evaluation anxiety, and chemical-handling anxiety. A survey of undergraduate students at a private applied sciences university was conducted. The survey, titled “Potential Interest for Students of a Private Applied Science University of Chemistry,” included 98 students from four faculties: Engineering, Pharmacy, Information Technology, College of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry. Females constituted 59.2% of the sample, while males constituted 40.8%; 61.2% of the sample were in the College of Pharmacy, 19.4 % were in the College of Arts and Sciences – Department of Chemistry, 62.2% had a GPA greater than or equal to 84, and 35.7 % were in the first year of study. The results showed that all relationships were positively significant, and that the strongest relationship was between chemistry-learning anxiety and chemistry-evaluation anxiety, while other relationships, such as anxiety about handling with chemicals and anxiety about learning chemistry, followed by the relationship between anxiety about evaluating chemistry and anxiety about handling with chemicals, were less significant. But all had high values where p = 0.000 < 0.01 and there were no statistically significant differences between these variables and the variables of gender, cumulative average (GPA), faculties and years of study. The findings of the study revealed that the students, whether male or female, showed great anxiety toward the learning of chemistry and that the anxiety is higher in females.
FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY: THE DAYAK TRADITION IN THE SHADOW OF THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS
Authors: Widiyarto Sigit , Sunendar Dadang , Sumiyadi  , Permadi Tedi
Published: January 2023

A country food security issue was essential at the G20 Summit in Bali, Indonesia, in 2022. It became a hot topic amid the war between Russia and Ukraine, which caused a food crisis and a world energy crisis. Climate change and COVID-19 have affected food security in the D’esa Dayak and Kantu tribes, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This paper describes the Dayak food security strategy affected by climate change and COVID-19. This study aimed to understand what food security strategies the Dayak D’esa and Dayak Kantu tribes implemented in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, and the strategic processes they implemented. The research used the qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. This study talked about traditions that have developed to date and had a role in food security in their groups. The results of this study could be an example or pattern of food security for other communities. The strategies had become a traditional concept implemented by the D’esa Dayak and Kantu Dayak tribes to grow staple food, hunt animals, weave, and use a small house for keeping the food. The process of food security followed the traditions that apply to the Dayak tribal community. Foods for stocking up are rice, animal meat, and fruits.
THE IMPACT OF MARKETING STRATEGY ON THE MARKETING INNOVATION AND THE MARKETING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN THE JORDANIAN FURNITURE INDUSTRY
Authors: Joudeh Jamal M. , Allan Mahmoud , Zamil Ahmad M. , Alfityani Amjed , Dandis Ala’ O. , Nusairat Nawras M. , Al-Gasawneh Jassim A.
Published: January 2023

This study is designed to explore the influence of marketing strategy on marketing innovation and the marketing competitive advantage. Additionally, in this study, elements of marketing strategy (product strategy, pricing strategy, promotion strategy and distribution strategy) were adopted, and marketing innovation was used as a mediator. Quantitative approach was applied, and a questionnaire was distributed by hand-to-hand method to 267 employees working in the furniture industry on the basis of a convenience sample. SPSS and AMOS were applied as statistical techniques to examine and analyze the primary data. Results of analysis accepted the all-proposed hypothesis. The research has empirically confirmed that marketing strategies have a positive impact on marketing innovation and the marketing competitive advantage; and that marketing innovation had a positive impact as mediator on the marketing competitive advantage. Moreover, it found that the elements of marketing strategy: product, price, promotion, and distribution, have a positive impact on both marketing innovation and marketing competitive advantage. In addition to the above results, it found that elements of marketing strategy have a more positive impact on the marketing competitive advantage than marketing innovation. The study recommended that the companies should determine the right marketing strategy that encourages innovation to distinguish themselves and to gain a competitive advantage in the market by obtaining customer satisfaction considering the changes in the business environment.
DOES THE ADOPTION OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE AFFECT ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT? EVIDENCE FROM JORDAN
Authors: E'Leimat Dheifallah , Al Shbail Zaid Jaradat Mohannad , El-Dalabeeh Abd El-Rahman , Al-Shbiel Seif , Nazzal Muhannad
Published: January 2023

Business intelligence (BI) adoption is still rudimentary in developing countries like Jordan. Considering the worth of BI systems for companies, this study aimed to identify the factors that may affect the adoption intention of companies' BI systems. Factors affecting BI adoption decisions and their impact on enterprise risk management were examined in this study, using a model comprising unaddressed and key factors associated with BI adoption. Data were obtained using questionnaires distributed to 22 Jordanian insurance companies that adopted BI. Partial least squares path modeling was used in the analysis involving 153 responses to identify factors related to BI adoption. The results showed that BI adoption significantly and positively affected the relative advantage, technological infrastructure, top management support, and competitive pressure and was significant and negative to complexity. BI adoption was positive for enterprise risk management. BI systems could increase the quality of decisions while decreasing the associated risk. Managers must be aware of the value-added relative advantage of BI adoption in their organizations and include the system in the organization. Also, policymakers of insurance companies in Jordan could benefit from the study results in increasing BI use and expansion.
KAJIAN PENATAAN NEW STRUAN SCHOOL SEBAGAI FASILITAS MEDIA TERAPI BERDASARKAN TEORI SEMIOTIKA FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE
Authors: Wahyuni Ni Wayan Sri , Maharani Ida Ayu Dyah , Raharja I Gede Mugi
Published: January 2023

Anak dengan spektrum autisma mengalami kesulitan dalam bergaul dengan anak normal lainnya, sehingga perlu penanganan secara khusus baik dalam hal pendidikan maupun lingkungan sekitarnya agar anak autis dapat berkembang dan berinteraksi dengan baik. Sekolah merupakan salah satu media yang dapat difungsikan untuk terapi anak autis. Salah satu sekolah yang terkenal di dunia yang menangani anak autis adalah New Struan School. New Struan School memiliki interior yang didesain untuk membantu terapi dan menyediakan pendidikan yang layak untuk anak autis. Melihat hal tersebut, penulis memiliki keinginan untuk mengkaji New Struan School dengan ilmu semiotika Ferdinand De Saussure. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna-makna dari penataan New Struan School di Inggris sebagai fasilitas media terapi. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengkajian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan dokumentasi secara online dan pengkajiannya menggunakan teori semiotika Ferdinand De Saussure. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa pada New Struan School terdapat Signifier (penanda) yang dapat dilihat dari desain interior dan eksterior New Struan School yang menunjukkan bahwa New Struan School merupakan sekolah untuk anak autis. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari elemen yang ada pada bangunan baik bagian interior maupun eksteriornya. Sedangkan makna signified (petanda) dapat dilihat pada penerapan elemen interior bangunan di New Struan School membantu proses untuk terapi anak autis. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada bentuk bangunan bagian Atap menyerupai bentuk sayap camar yang menggambarkan tentang kekuatan burung camar tetap terbang walaupun terluka serta penerapan warna pada pintu ruang kelas seperti ungu muda, merah, jingga, kuning, hijau muda dan biru muda.