bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA INVERSIÓN EN I+D EN EL FORTALECIMIENTO DEL ESTADO DE DERECHO
Authors: Oliva Luis
Published: June 2024

A lo largo de esta obra el lector podrá observar las distintas manifestaciones de la corrupción en entornos tan diversos como los sistemas de salud, el sector privado, la contratación pública o la gestión de desastres y el impacto de sus nefastas consecuencias; pero al mismo tiempo podrá advertir la variedad de mecanismos a través de los cuales se hace frente a este fenómeno: agencias estatales anticorrupción, inversión en I+D, uso de la inteligencia artificial, instituciones como el decomiso y la posibilidad de evitar el ciberblanqueo, además de los sistemas de control administrativo de los contratos públicos y el mapeo de riesgos. Las perspectivas y ámbitos en los que se desarrollan los capítulos de este trabajo dan cuenta de la extensión y alcances de la corrupción y de las numerosas posibilidades y alternativas para lidiar con ella. Esta obra aglutina múltiples aproximaciones a un tema que debe resultar de interés general porque ocasiona la disparidad en la asignación de recursos y permite que la brecha entre pobreza y riqueza se ensanche con facilidad.
TARIXIY-LEKSIKOLOGIK TADQIQOTLARDA RANGLI LUG‘ATNING LINGVOMADANIY ETNOMADANIY VA ETNOLINGVISTIK XUSUSIYATLARINING TAHLILI (INGLIZ TILI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Nigora TASHLANOVA
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada, tadqiqotlarda rangli lug‘atning lingvomadaniy etnomadaniy va etnovingvistik xususiyatlarining tahlili haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. Tarixiy-leksikologik tadqiqotlar o‘z davrining madaniy va ijtimoiy normalarini aks ettiruvchi tillar evolyutsiyasi haqida maftunkor tasavvur beradi. Bu sohada rangli lug‘at yoki leksika o‘ziga xos mavqega ega. Ko‘pincha etnik-madaniy va etnolingvistik xususiyatlar bo‘yicha tasniflangan ushbu maxsus so‘z to‘plamlari inson tilining xilma-xilligi haqida bebaho tushunchalarni taqdim etadi.
Landasan Teologis Pendidikan Sains Di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Komarudin Omang
Published: June 2024

Islamic boarding schools are the oldest educational institutions in Indonesia. It has its own uniqueness in its education system. Times began to change and the education system in Islamic boarding schools had to adapt, including adjustments to the existence of science. This research will focus on the theological view of Islamic boarding school education on the existence of science. The problem is that a large number of students in Islamic boarding schools do not have a great interest in science. In addition, this research will use library research method using theological and anthropological approaches. Thus, this study shows that education in Islamic boarding schools does not have a problem with the existence of science because it is considered final. The cause of the lack of interest in students to study science is more due to the culture and environment in which the students study.
Penerapan Restorative Justice Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Masalah Pidana Berdasarkan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Ropei Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Keadilan restoratif adalah suatu pendekatan penyelesaian masalah hukum yang berupaya untuk memulihkan kesejahteraan korban, pelaku dan masyarakat yang telah dirusak oleh kejahatan. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah apa yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan penerapan keadilan restoratif dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana? Bagaimana konsep penerapan keadilan restoratif dalam persepsi hukum pidana Islam? Bagaimana hubungan antara asas legalitas dan keadilan restoratif dalam penyelesaian masalah pidana? Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi (content analysis). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Jenis data penelitian adalah data kualitatif, yaitu jenis data yang berkaitan dengan pengaturan mengenai penerapan keadilan restoratif dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana baik dalam hukum positif maupun dalam hukum pidana Islam. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: dasar pertimbangan penerapan restorative justice dalam penyelesaian masalah pidana adalah pertimbangan aspek keadilan, aspek kemanusiaan, aspek kepentingan umum, aspek pemaafan, dan aspek perdamaian atau al-Islah. Dalam hukum pidana Islam, pendekatan restorative justice telah digunakan sejak zaman Khalifah Umar bin Khatab dalam kasus pencurian unta yang dilakukan oleh seorang pembantu pada musim paceklik, namun Umar r.a membebaskan pelakunya dengan alasan kemanusiaan. Selain itu, konsep keadilan restoratif juga dapat dilihat dalam kasus pembunuhan (al-Qatl) dan penganiayaan, dimana pelakunya dapat dibebaskan dari hukum qishash jika ada pemaafan dari korban atau walinya dan juga jika ada perdamaian. al-Islah) antara pelaku dan korban atau walinya. Keterkaitan antara asas legalitas dan keadilan restoratif dapat dilihat sebagai berikut: asas legalitas dan keadilan restoratif merupakan instrumen penegakan hukum, baik asas legalitas maupun pendekatan keadilan restoratif, keduanya sama-sama bertujuan untuk memberikan rasa keadilan. Asas legalitas dan pendekatan restorative justice dapat saling melengkapi dalam proses penegakan hukum.
Hermeneutik dan Kritik Bible
Authors: Tarlam Alam
Published: June 2024

Bible merupakan salah satu kitab suci tertua di dunia digunakan oleh Yahudi dan Kristen. Bibel sebagai awal mula kajian hermeneutik untuk memahami sebuah teks. Tuntutan realitas pembacaan teks era sekarang meniscayakan pengayaan metodologis, terutama pada teks-teks sakral semisal kitab suci keagamaan. Dalam konteks ini, para pemikir Islam di bidang Tafsir al-Qur’an mencoba mengkaji hermeneutika. Suatu cabang ilmu menafsirkan teks yang tidak lagi memungkinkan dikonfirmasi kepada pencipta/penulisnya. Sebagaimana kebenaran relatif yang dikandung oleh ta’wil (alegoric) yang dikenal dalam tafsir al-Qur’an klasik, Hermeneutika juga menyuguhkan produk analisis yang mengandung kebenaran relatif. Itulah sebabnya, Hermeneutika membutuhkan “rukun” atau persyaratan agar produk analisisnya sedekat mungkin kepada maksud pencipta teks. Melalui analisis filsafat bahasa, makalah ini mencoba memberikan gambaran umum bagaimana hermeneutika bekerja sebagai suatu pendekatan dalam pengkajian Bible. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut ditemukan bahwa Hermeneutik dan Bibel adalah satu kesatuan bahasan yang sangat berhubungan, karena giron atau kajian hermeneutika yaitu mengkaji pemahaman teks temasuk Bible.
Hubungan Islam Dengan Kebudayaan Jawa
Authors: Jakaria Jakaria , Hesti Akila Jahra  , Dennisa Amalia Syaka  , Anis Fauzi
Published: June 2024

Islam and Javanese culture cannot be separated, both of them have a role and influence in navigating the times, Islam has brought many changes, starting from the kingdoms that began to stand on the island of Java. And the Islamic religion in Java has a unique diversity because the spread of Islam in Java is more dominant, resulting in the formation of diverse cultural acculturation. This acculturation occurs in many ways, one of which is visible, namely a result or work of carving, wayang, and slametan art. In the relationship between Islam and Javanese culture, each has a role and influence in spreading the religion of Islam, from the beginning of its development to enriching new cultures, and of course there are also some cultures that do deviate from the teachings of Islam, but Islam and Javanese culture can walk side by side.
PENYULUHAM HUKUM TENTANG URGENSI MANAJEMEN RESIKO PADA ASURANSI KESEHATAN BAGI MASYARAKAT DI DESA PANDAU JAYA KAMPAR
Authors: Santri Selvi , Milandry Anggraini Dwi
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan sosialisasi, pemahaman, pembekalan ilmu pengetahuan dan informasi teraktual terkait pentingnya memahami manajemen resiko ketika berasuransi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahapan. Tahapan inti dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini ialah melaksanakan penyuluhan hukum dengan memaparkan materi terkait urgensi memahami manajeman risiko ketika memilih produk asuransi kesehatan serta diakhiri dengan sesi diskusi. Hasil kegiatan, dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini yang menjadi mitra adalah masyarakat di Desa Pandau Jaya Kampar. Kegiatan penyuluhan hukum tersebut diawali dengan memaparkan materi tentang aturan terbaru terkait asuransi (khususnya yang mengatur terkait hak-hak pemegang polis ketika berasuransi) dan dilanjutkan dengan memaparkan peran asuransi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Selain itu, pemateri memaparkan pentingnya memahami manajemen risiko bagi masyarakat apabila ingin memilih suatu produk asuransi kesehatan. Kesimpulan hasil kegiatan ini adalah dengan dilaksanakannya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, masyarakat di Desa Pandau Jaya Kampar yang menjadi mitra dalam kegitan ini telah mendapatkan wawasan pengetahuan teraktual terkait hukum asuransi serta urgensi memahami manajeman resiko saat memilih suatu produk perusahaan asuransi khususnya, dalam asuransi kesehatan
PKM Kelompok Tani Jaya Kecamatan Kuantan Tengah, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau
Authors: Wedayanti Made Devi , Bahri Saipul , Elidar Septina , Fikri Alhamdi
Published: June 2024

Isu dan fokus pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pertama, petani di Kelompok Jaya tidak memiliki administrasi pembukuan sama sekali terkait dengan modal dan pemasukan yang dihasilkan dari proses pertanian yang dilakukan. Tujuan pengabdian memberikan solusi atas isu/permasalahan administrasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan tentang pencatatan tata kelola administrasi, Pemberian alat alat administrasi. Kesimpulan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah secara umum kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Kegiatan PKM ini mendapat sambutan dan dukungan dari pihak Kelompok Tani Jaya
PELATIHAN PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM PENYUSUNAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN BERBASISKAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI MA KUALA KAMPAR
Authors: Yeyendra  , Ibnu Hajar  , Merlina Sari  , Siti Rubiah  , Nurul Fauziah  , Arlan Attahjuddin  , Suenderi
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran berbasiskan kurikulum merdeka. Guru mempunyai kompetensi paedagogik akan dapat menjalankan tugas dan fungsi sebagai guru profesional dan menjadi kunci utama kesuksesan para peserta didik. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di MA Al Anuar Al Amansyah Kecamatan Kuala Kampar Kabupaten Pelalawan dengan peserta pelatihan terdiri dari guru MA, MTs Kuala Kampar, SMPN 01 Kuala Kampar Kecamatan Kabupaten Pelalawan berjumlah 14 orang. Materi pelatihan tentang pembuatan perangkat pembelajaran yaitu kompetensi mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka.  Metode pelaksanaannya meliputi pemberdayaan seperti tanya jawab dan praktek. Respon guru dengan pelaksanaan pelatihan ini sangat baik, mereka membutuhkan pelatihan ini.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDANCE PROGRAMS FOR PRISONERS IN THE CLASS I DETENTION CENTER LABUHAN DELI
Authors: Br Tarigan Dia Nita Laurellia , Nur R Siti Hazzah
Published: June 2024

The prisoner guidance programs are part of the correctional system, which is carried out in the penitentiary (Lapas). The problem that occurs is that most of the conditions in Lapas have exceeded capacity, so the guidance programs must also be carried out at the Detention Center (Rutan). This increased Rutan's function and caused Rutan to face a number of challenges. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of guidance programs for prisoners at the Labuhan Detention Centerlem that occurs is that most of the conditions in Lapas have exceeded capacity, so the guidance programs must also be carried out at the Detention Center (Rutan). This increased Rutan's function and caused Rutan to face a number of challenges. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of guidance programs for prisoners at the Labuhan Detention Center. This study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The obtained data were analyzed using the implementation theory put forward by Charles O. Jones, including organization, interpretation, and application. Through this research, it is known that the guidance programs for prisoners in Class I Detention Center Labuhan Deli are running quite well. It can be seen in the existence of an organizational structure and a clear division of tasks, adequate resources, work procedures, activity schedules, and good communication with other organizations. However, the socialization carried out by the detention center has not been optimal, and the marketing of products made by prisoners is still limited.
STRATEGY FOR BUILDING ACHIEVEMENT VILLAGES IN KUANTAN SINGINGI DISTRICT (CASE STUDY OF KOPUNG ISLAND VILLAGE)
Authors: - Desriadi
Published: June 2024

Building an outstanding village is an activity of cultivating the values and productivity of the village community. Because the values instilled help explore existing productivity values so that they can improve the quality of thinking and feeling, as well as psychological quality and productivity. In order to develop values, moral attitudes, understanding, skills, and productivity products which are very essential related to personal and social issues in integrity, it is needed by individuals, family members, workers as well as members of society and democratic citizens. Building an outstanding village is emphasized on values and morals as well as intelligence and productivity.
WOMEN AND PRACTICAL POLITICS IN RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Wahyudi Rodi
Published: June 2024

The number of women members of the Regional People's Legislative Assembly for Riau Province has decreased from 18 people (27.69%) in the 2014-2019 period to 12 people (18.46%) in the 2019-2024 period. Even though the number of female voters was 49.19% of the total voters in Riau Province. The purpose of this research is to find out what are the factors that influence women's choices in elections, legislative elections and local elections? This study uses the method of literature study and participatory observation. The results of the study show that female voters do not know the candidate to be elected. Something that is rather difficult for a candidate to be elected if they are not known by voters. The existence of ideological differences is also a barrier for women not to vote for candidates. Men are more suitable to be leaders than women, and this is still a perception for women voters. Women voters' doubts about the religious observance of the candidate to be elected. The door to door system (DDS) strategy for introducing legislative candidates and regional head candidates can be carried out by the winning team (success team), absorbing aspirations and conveying the program to be carried out. Prospective leaders must avoid engaging in money politics and distributing goods in order to get votes. Prospective leaders should show the work and achievements that have been made to the community as proof that they have previously assisted the community in various development activities and programs including women's empowerment activities.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ABRATION STUDY IN RANGSANG ISLAND, MERANTI REGENCY
Authors: Heriyanto Meyzi , Safri Indra , Fauzi M. Yazid
Published: June 2024

This study discusses the socio-economic status of the people of Rangsang Island, Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province. The discussion in this study is focused on the District of Rangsang Pesisir. The factors that become the focus of writing are economic and social including changes in social values, livelihoods and people's incomes. The method used is descriptive quantitative method by analyzing primary data and secondary data. The analysis results show that abrasion causes social values to change and affects people's livelihoods
ANALYSIS OF THE UNDERSTANDING OF MICRO BUSINESS ACTORS ON THE USE OF BPKB ARRUM LOANS PT. PEGADAIAN SYARIAH
Authors: Marina Zulfa  , Melina Ficha , Zulkifli  , Hamzah
Published: June 2024

Sharia pawnshops are a type of business entity where individuals can obtain funds to help meet their financial needs. Pegadaian Syariah provides a variety of products and services that can help people overcome their financial problems. One of its superior products is Ar Rum, a financing program to empower MSMEs that use BPKB as collateral. The BPKB guarantee will remain under the control of Pegadaian, so that customers can still use their vehicles.
This study aims to investigate the impact of Understanding on Arrum BPKB loan applications at PT. Sharia Pawnshop. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of understanding in the decision-making process. In other words, the greater a person's understanding of business and financial aspects, the more likely they are to be interested in applying for a loan to a Sharia Pawnshop.
EVALUATION OF THE PROHIBITION OF BEGGING POLICY IN MEDAN CITY
Authors: Surya Surya Waldi , Sihombing Tunggul
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on evaluating the Prohibition of Beggars Policy in Medan City, implemented by the Medan City Social Service as stipulated in Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2003 concerning the prohibition of homeless people and beggars and the practice of prostitutes. The purpose of this study was to find out and describe in detail the evaluation of the prohibition of beggars policy in Medan City. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Through this research it can be seen that the evaluation of the ban on beggars policy in Medan City has not run optimally. The problem is that facilities and infrastructure, enforcement related to sanctions which are an important aspect in evaluating the ban on beggars policy in Medan City, are not in line with the policy objectives, thus hindering the evaluation in achieving the goals of the ban on beggars policy in Medan City.
ViiV HEALTHCARE ASSISTANCE TO THE SADAR HATI FOUNDATION IN THE HARM REDUCTION PROGRAM
Authors: Maria Veri Diana B.Y  , Nurwantoro Bagus Subekti , Nurgiyanti Tanti , Subandi Yeyen
Published: June 2024

This study aims to find out how the implementation of assistance from ViiV Healthcare to the Sadar Hati Foundation Malang in implementing the Harm Reduction program. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, and interviews with related parties. International relations continue to experience developments along with changing times, especially as a result of globalization, which has had significant impacts or changes in international relations that have crossed national jurisdictional boundaries, because various dynamics always appear in every implementation. One of the crucial dynamics is the emergence of various problems both at the regional and global levels. One of the problems that is currently a global focus is the abuse of narcotics that are not for medical needs. Narcotics can be said to be dangerous when the use of narcotics has exceeded the consumption limit so this can also cause various impacts that become a threat to human life so it requires efforts to achieve human security. In this writing, the author analyzes using the concept of human security. With the implementation of the assistance provided by ViiV Healthcare to the Sadar Hati Foundation, which is a grant to run the program, one of which is harm reduction, in which the Foundation provides education, outreach, assistance to treatment by providing facilities to support the sustainability of the program.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN MERANTI ISLANDS DISTRICT
Authors: Wahyu Deni Muhammad , Ummul F Mustiqowati
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation of development and the impact on development carried out by the government of the Meranti Islands Regency. This research is descriptive with a qualitative explanation. Data collection techniques were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data collection techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. There were eight key informants, namely the Head of the Development Planning Agency at Sub-National, two general administration subdivisions, and five people from the Meranti Islands Regency. The results of this study indicate that the implementation and impact of the development carried out in Meranti Islands Regency have not optimally provided welfare to the people of Meranti Islands Regency. It is necessary to carry out various efforts, from prevention to supervision, in every development process carried out in the Meranti Islands Regency.
EVALUATION OF BENGKULU PROVINCE REGIONAL REGULATION NUMBER 02 OF 2018 CONCERNING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC ORDER, COMMUNITY PEACE, AND COMMUNITY PROTECTION (STUDY ON STREET VENDORS IN THE PANORAMA TRADITIONAL MARKET OF BENGKULU CITY)
Authors: Fitriansyah Subhan , Harmiati  , Darmawi Edi
Published: June 2024

This study aims to evaluate the Regional Regulation of Bengkulu Province Number 02 Year 2018 regarding Public Order Management, Community Peace, and Community Protection, specifically in the context of street vendors in Panorama Traditional Market, Bengkulu City. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach and a case study method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation and then analyzed descriptively. The findings reveal that the socialization of the regulation has been implemented by the Regional Public Order Agency of Bengkulu Province, although not fully executed. Sanctions for violating the rules include warnings, written notices, cessation or dismantling of operations, and fines. The evaluation concludes that the Regional Regulation of Bengkulu Province Number 02 Year 2018 aligns with the principles of governance and does not conflict with legal perspectives. However, it is recommended that the Regional Public Order Agency of Bengkulu Province be more consistent and effective in enforcing the regulation. At the same time, the local government needs to enhance coordination with the agency. Furthermore, street vendors in Panorama Traditional Market, Bengkulu City, are expected to comply with the regulations by refraining from selling on the sidewalks.
IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL PERATURAH NUMBER 8 2015 ON HIV/AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CASE STUDY AT KARIMUN DISTRICT AIDS COMMISSION OFFICE)
Authors: Kurniawati  , Fadli Kasirul , Novita Frinda , Azmi  , Sambuardi Rolly
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2015 concerning the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS (Case Study at the Karimun Regency AIDS Commission Office) and to find out what factors support and inhibit its implementation. that policy. Data collection methods in this research used field observation, unstructured interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is a qualitative data analysis method. The results of the research show that the Karimun Regency AIDS Control Commission has not succeeded in reducing or eliminating the spread of HIV/AIDS in Karimun Regency from 66 HIV cases, 19 AIDS cases with 1 death due to AIDS in 2020 to 69 HIV cases, 5 AIDS cases with a death rate due to There is zero AIDS in 2021, and of the 52 HIV cases, there are 3 AIDS cases with the number of deaths due to AIDS being 2 cases in 2022. Implementation of the HIV/AIDS prevention and control program in Karimun Regency has not run optimally due to the lack of public knowledge regarding regional regulations, limitations human resources and budget, as well as the lack of awareness of policy implementers in implementing them.
Collaborative Governance in the Development of a Chinese Java Acculturation Tourism Village in Besani Blado Village
Authors: Puji Slamet Ali , Setiawan Hendy , Erison Yendra
Published: June 2024

This research aims to discuss the concept of collaborative governance in handling the development of cultural acculturation tourism villages in Besani Blado Batang Village. Carrying out tourism programs is the main responsibility of the public sector, private sector, and community sector so that the Javanese-Chinese acculturation tourism village of Besani Village can run optimally. Besani Village has a superior tourist spot, namely De Blado. This research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation, and observation. This research aims to find out to what extent collaborative governance techniques can build a better Javanese Chinese acculturation tourism village in Besani Village. In this research, results were obtained where the public sector, private sector, and community sector provided good support. The value of collaboration shown by all sectors succeeded in making the Javanese Chinese acculturation tourism village Besani Village become one of the new tourist village destinations which has shot up very quickly since its establishment in 2022. Because of this persistence and strong joint commitment, finally in 2023 after the establishment of Besani Village as a tourist village in 2021, Besani Village has occupied the 75th position in ADWI.
„Dievo metai, metai žmogaus“: naratyvinė autoironiško Pr 20, 1–18 memorandumo analizė
Authors: Akelaitis Algirdas
Published: June 2024

Pradžios knygoje vadinamieji „žmonos-sesers“ epizodai pasikartoja tris kartus (Pr 12, 10–20; 20, 1–18 ir 26, 6–11). Nors esminiai siužeto motyvai visuose trijuose epizoduose kartojasi, jų kontekstai bei pasakotojo pasitelktos naratyvinės technikos kiekvienu atveju skiriasi. Šiame straipsnyje, naudojant naratyvinės kritikos įrankius, analizuojamas antrasis „žmonos-sesers“ epizodas (Pr 20, 1–18). Trukmės ir laiko charakteristikų analizė šiame pasakojime atskleidžia strateginę analeptinių elementų svarbą (pvz., v.4.6.18). Tai išprovokuoja pradinio skaitymo metu skaitytojo suformuotų hipotetinių veikėjų charakteristikų peržiūrą. Nuoseklios chronologinės įvykių sekos atkūrimas, atitaisant analepsių sukurtas įvykių eilės deformacijas, leidžia įžvelgti pagalbinę siužeto liniją. Pakartotinis veikėjų charakteristikų įvertinimas atskleidžia ironijos, kuri šiame pasakojime pasitelkiama kaip pasakojimo ir teologijos įrankis, svarbą. Perikopėje galima įžvelgti ir destruktyvios, ir konstruktyvios ironijos gijų.
Ultrafast spin dynamics: From femtosecond magnetism to attosecond magnetism
Authors: Yang Xu , Feng Hong-Mei , Liu Jia-Nan , Zhang Xiang-Qun , He Wei , Cheng Zhao-Hua ,   Attosecond Science Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China,   State Key Laboratory of Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: June 2024

Ultrafast spin dynamics is the study of the evolution of spin degrees of freedom on a time scale from picoseconds to attoseconds after being excited by an external field. With the development of laser technology, ultrafast spin dynamics has presented new opportunities for realizing ultrafast spintronic devices since 1996. However, despite decades of development, many aspects of femtosecond magnetism remain unclear. Understanding the parameters of these ultrafast spin dynamics processes requires experiments on an even faster timescale. Attosecond magnetism and the interaction of attosecond laser pulses with magnetic materials can reveal spin dynamics on a sub-femtosecond to attosecond time scale. In this review, we first introduce the significant research progress, including the mechanisms of ultrafast demagnetization, all-optical switching, ultrafast spin currents, and terahertz waves. Secondly, we analyze the problems in ultrafast spin dynamics, such as the unclear physical mechanisms of ultrafast demagnetization, the uncertain relationship between magnetic damping and ultrafast demagnetization time, and the unexplored anisotropic ultrafast demagnetization. Thirdly, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in attosecond magnetism. Finally, we analyze and discuss the future development and prospects of ultrafast spin dynamics.
Cyclic muscle contractions reinforce the actomyosin motors and mediate the full elongation of C. elegans embryo
Authors: Dai Anna , Ben Amar Martine
Published: June 2024

The paramount importance of mechanical forces in morphogenesis and embryogenesis is widely recognized, but understanding the mechanism at the cellular and molecular level remains challenging. Because of its simple internal organization, Caenorhabditis elegans is a rewarding system of study. As demonstrated experimentally, after an initial period of steady elongation driven by the actomyosin network, muscle contractions operate a quasi-periodic sequence of bending, rotation, and torsion, that leads to the final fourfold size of the embryos before hatching. How actomyosin and muscles contribute to embryonic elongation is investigated here theoretically. A filamentary elastic model that converts stimuli generated by biochemical signals in the tissue into driving forces, explains embryonic deformation under actin bundles and muscle activity, and dictates mechanisms of late elongation based on the effects of energy conversion and dissipation. We quantify this dynamic transformation by stretches applied to a cylindrical structure that mimics the body shape in finite elasticity, obtaining good agreement and understanding of both wild-type and mutant embryos at all stages.
Temporally controlled nervous system-to-gut signaling bidirectionally regulates longevity in C. elegans
Authors: Xu Lingxiu , Han Chengxuan , Chun Lei , Xu X.Z. Shawn , Liu Jianfeng
Published: June 2024

The nervous system modulates aging by secreting signaling molecules to cell-nonautonomously regulate the physiological state of distal tissues such as the gut. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, using
C. elegans
as a model, we identified two distinct neuroendocrine signaling circuits through which motor neurons signal the gut in early life to shorten lifespan but in mid-late life to extend lifespan. Both circuits employ the same neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), while recruiting two different gut ACh receptors ACR-6 and GAR-3 to regulate the transcription factor DAF-16 and HSF-1 in early and mid-late life, respectively. Strikingly, the gut expression of ACR-6 is restricted to early life, whereas that of GAR-3 is confined to mid-late life, providing a potential mechanism for the temporal control of the two circuits. These results identify a novel mechanism that empowers the nervous system to bidirectionally regulate longevity by differentially signaling the gut at different life stages.
Human airway macrophages are metabolically reprogrammed by IFN-γ resulting in glycolysis-dependent functional plasticity
Authors: Cox Donal J , Connolly Sarah A , Ó Maoldomhnaigh Cilian , Brugman Aenea AI , Sandby Thomas Olivia , Duffin Emily , Gogan Karl M , Ó Gallchobhair Oisin , Murphy Dearbhla M , O'Rourke Sinead A , O'Connell Finbarr , Nadarajan Parthiban , Phelan James J , Gleeson Laura E , Basdeo Sharee A , Keane Joseph
Published: June 2024

Airway macrophages (AM) are the predominant immune cell in the lung and play a crucial role in preventing infection, making them a target for host directed therapy. Macrophage effector functions are associated with cellular metabolism. A knowledge gap remains in understanding metabolic reprogramming and functional plasticity of distinct human macrophage subpopulations, especially in lung resident AM. We examined tissue-resident AM and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM; as a model of blood derived macrophages) in their resting state and after priming with IFN-γ or IL-4 to model the Th1/Th2 axis in the lung. Human macrophages, regardless of origin, had a strong induction of glycolysis in response to IFN-γ or upon stimulation. IFN-γ significantly enhanced cellular energetics in both AM and MDM by upregulating both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Upon stimulation, AM do not decrease oxidative phosphorylation unlike MDM which shift to ‘Warburg’-like metabolism. IFN-γ priming promoted cytokine secretion in AM. Blocking glycolysis with 2-deoxyglucose significantly reduced IFN-γ driven cytokine production in AM, indicating that IFN-γ induces functional plasticity in human AM, which is mechanistically mediated by glycolysis. Directly comparing responses between macrophages, AM were more responsive to IFN-γ priming and dependent on glycolysis for cytokine secretion than MDM. Interestingly, TNF production was under the control of glycolysis in AM and not in MDM. MDM exhibited glycolysis-dependent upregulation of HLA-DR and CD40, whereas IFN-γ upregulated HLA-DR and CD40 on AM independently of glycolysis. These data indicate that human AM are functionally plastic and respond to IFN-γ in a manner distinct from MDM. These data provide evidence that human AM are a tractable target for inhalable immunomodulatory therapies for respiratory diseases.
Human airway macrophages are metabolically reprogrammed by IFN-γ resulting in glycolysis dependent functional plasticity
Authors: Cox Donal J , Connolly Sarah A , Maoldomhnaigh Cilian Ó , Brugman Aenea AI , Thomas Olivia Sandby , Duffin Emily , O’Connell Finbarr , Phelan James J , Gogan Karl M , Gleeson Laura E , Basdeo Sharee A , Keane Joseph
Published: June 2024

Airway macrophages (AM) are the predominant immune cell in the lung and play a crucial role in preventing infection, making them a target for host directed therapy. Macrophage effector functions are associated with cellular metabolism. A knowledge gap remains in understanding metabolic reprogramming and functional plasticity of distinct human macrophage subpopulations, especially in lung resident AM. We examined tissue-resident AM and monocyte derived macrophages (MDM; as a model of blood derived macrophages) in their resting state and after priming with IFN-γ or IL-4 to model the Th1/Th2 axis in the lung. Human macrophages, regardless of origin, had a strong induction of glycolysis in response to IFN-γ or upon stimulation. IFN-γ significantly enhanced cellular energetics in both AM and MDM by upregulating both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Upon stimulation, AM do not decrease oxidative phosphorylation unlike MDM which shift to Warburg metabolism. IFN-γ priming promoted cytokine secretion in AM. Blocking glycolysis with 2-deoxyglucose significantly reduced IFN-γ driven cytokine production in AM, indicating that IFN-γ induces functional plasticity in human AM, which is mechanistically mediated by glycolysis. Directly comparing responses between macrophages, AM were more responsive to IFN-γ priming and dependent on glycolysis for cytokine secretion than MDM. Interestingly, TNF production was under the control of glycolysis in AM and not in MDM. MDM exhibited glycolysis-dependent upregulation of HLA-DR, CD40 and CD86, whereas IFN-γ upregulated HLA-DR and CD40 on AM independently of glycolysis. These data indicate that human AM are functionally plastic and respond to IFN-γ in a manner distinct from MDM. These data provide evidence that human AM are a tractable target for inhalable immunomodulatory therapies for respiratory diseases.
Novel autophagy inducers by accelerating lysosomal clustering against Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Date Yuki , Sasazawa Yukiko , Kitagawa Mitsuhiro , Gejima Kentaro , Suzuki Ayami , Saya Hideyuki , Kida Yasuyuki , Imoto Masaya , Itakura Eisuke , Hattori Nobutaka , Saiki Shinji
Published: June 2024

The autophagy-lysosome pathway plays an indispensable role in the protein quality control by degrading abnormal organelles and proteins including α-synuclein (αSyn) associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the activation of this pathway is mainly by targeting lysosomal enzymic activity. Here, we focused on the autophagosome-lysosome fusion process around the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) regulated by lysosomal positioning. Through high-throughput chemical screening, we identified 6 out of 1200 clinically approved drugs enabling the lysosomes to accumulate around the MTOC with autophagy flux enhancement. We further demonstrated that these compounds induce the lysosomal clustering through a JIP4-TRPML1-dependent mechanism. Among them, the lysosomal-clustering compound albendazole promoted the autophagy-dependent degradation of Triton-X-insoluble, proteasome inhibitor-induced aggregates. In a cellular PD model, albendazole boosted insoluble αSyn degradation. Our results revealed that lysosomal clustering can facilitate the breakdown of protein aggregates, suggesting that lysosome-clustering compounds may offer a promising therapeutic strategy against neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of aggregate-prone proteins.
Clustering analysis for classifying fake real estate listings
Authors: Mohd Amin Maifuza , Sani Nor Samsiah , Nasrudin Mohammad Faidzul , Abdullah Salwani , Chhabra Amit , Abd Kadir Faizal
Published: June 2024

With the rapid growth of online property rental and sale platforms, the prevalence of fake real estate listings has become a significant concern. These deceptive listings waste time and effort for buyers and sellers and pose potential risks. Therefore, developing effective methods to distinguish genuine from fake listings is crucial. Accurately identifying fake real estate listings is a critical challenge, and clustering analysis can significantly improve this process. While clustering has been widely used to detect fraud in various fields, its application in the real estate domain has been somewhat limited, primarily focused on auctions and property appraisals. This study aims to fill this gap by using clustering to classify properties into fake and genuine listings based on datasets curated by industry experts. This study developed a K-means model to group properties into clusters, clearly distinguishing between fake and genuine listings. To assure the quality of the training data, data pre-processing procedures were performed on the raw dataset. Several techniques were used to determine the optimal value for each parameter of the K-means model. The clusters are determined using the Silhouette coefficient, the Calinski-Harabasz index, and the Davies-Bouldin index. It was found that the value of cluster 2 is the best and the Camberra technique is the best method when compared to overlapping similarity and Jaccard for distance. The clustering results are assessed using two machine learning algorithms: Random Forest and Decision Tree. The observational results have shown that the optimized K-means significantly improves the accuracy of the Random Forest classification model, boosting it by an impressive 96%. Furthermore, this research demonstrates that clustering helps create a balanced dataset containing fake and genuine clusters. This balanced dataset holds promise for future investigations, particularly for deep learning models that require balanced data to perform optimally. This study presents a practical and effective way to identify fake real estate listings by harnessing the power of clustering analysis, ultimately contributing to a more trustworthy and secure real estate market.
Lokiceratops rangiformis gen. et sp. nov. (Ceratopsidae: Centrosaurinae) from the Campanian Judith River Formation of Montana reveals rapid regional radiations and extreme endemism within centrosaurine dinosaurs
Authors: Loewen Mark A. , Sertich Joseph J. W. , Sampson Scott , O’Connor Jingmai K. , Carpenter Savhannah , Sisson Brock , Øhlenschlæger Anna , Farke Andrew A. , Makovicky Peter J. , Longrich Nick , Evans David C.
Published: June 2024

The Late Cretaceous of western North America supported diverse dinosaur assemblages, though understanding patterns of dinosaur diversity, evolution, and extinction has been historically limited by unequal geographic and temporal sampling. In particular, the existence and extent of faunal endemism along the eastern coastal plain of Laramidia continues to generate debate, and finer scale regional patterns remain elusive. Here, we report a new centrosaurine ceratopsid, Lokiceratops rangiformis, from the lower portion of the McClelland Ferry Member of the Judith River Formation in the Kennedy Coulee region along the Canada-USA border. Dinosaurs from the same small geographic region, and from nearby, stratigraphically equivalent horizons of the lower Oldman Formation in Canada, reveal unprecedented ceratopsid richness, with four sympatric centrosaurine taxa and one chasmosaurine taxon. Phylogenetic results show that Lokiceratops, together with Albertaceratops and Medusaceratops, was part of a clade restricted to a small portion of northern Laramidia approximately 78 million years ago. This group, Albertaceratopsini, was one of multiple centrosaurine clades to undergo geographically restricted radiations, with Nasutuceratopsini restricted to the south and Centrosaurini and Pachyrostra restricted to the north. High regional endemism in centrosaurs is associated with, and may have been driven by, high speciation rates and diversity, with competition between dinosaurs limiting their geographic range. High speciation rates may in turn have been driven in part by sexual selection or latitudinally uneven climatic and floral gradients. The high endemism seen in centrosaurines and other dinosaurs implies that dinosaur diversity is underestimated and contrasts with the large geographic ranges seen in most extant mammalian megafauna.
Avaliação do Índice Resto-Ingesta da alimentação oferecida por uma instituição de ensino em São Luís – MA
Authors: Pereira Daniel Rocha , Pereira Luiza Renata dos Santos , Martins Renan Cavalcante , Pereira Hadassa Alves Sa , Pinheiro Estefanny Kaury Durans , Carneiro Joao Yuri da Silva , Bandeira Vitória Lima , Gerude Neto Osman José de Aguiar , Sousa Sarah Bianca Neves de , Miranda Rita de Cássia Mendonça de
Published: June 2024

O inadequado gerenciamento dos resíduos orgânicos gera impactos no meio ambiente e na saúde. O índice capaz de indicar os níveis de desperdício alimentar de uma Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN) é o resto-ingesta, sendo a relação entre o resíduo descartado pelos comensais e a quantidade de alimentos e preparações oferecidos. Portanto, o objetivo é avaliar o índice resto-ingesta de uma UAN em uma Instituição de Ensino em São Luís/MA, investigando suas causas e consequências. Para tanto os resíduos de 1025 comensais foram identificados e pesados diariamente, no período de 14/11/2022 a 23/06/2023. O índice resto-ingesta é igual massa dos resíduos após refeições, dividido pelo número de refeições servidas, em percentagem. Os valores de resto-ingesta foram estratificados: ótimo (0 a 3%), bom (3,1 a 7,5%), ruim (7,6 a 10%) e inaceitável (>10%). Como resultado observou-se que o desperdício de alimento foi de 1263,40 kg, enquanto o resto-ingesta teve um valor médio de 4,96 %. Destaca-se que, em 7 dias, os valores de resto-ingesta foram considerados ÓTIMO (0 a 3%), em 44 dias foram BOM (3,1 a 7,5%), e 4 dias foram RUIM (7,6 a 10%), não houve valores INACEITÁVEL (>10%). Conclui-se que o valor médio do índice do resto-ingesta (4,96%) foi BOM, ficando abaixo do valor INACEITÁVEL (>10%). Cabe ressaltar que a análise do índice resto-ingesta desempenha um papel significativo na avaliação do UAN, permitindo uma compreensão da qualidade das refeições fornecidas, indicando sobre as preferências e características dos comensais, bem como sua aceitação em relação aos cardápios oferecidos.
Management of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy with Concurrent Hypertension and Intracerebral Haemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Mangudkar Sangram , lingineni Varun , Gokhale Vijayashree S , Yadav Ponvijaya M , Shokeen Ankit
Published: June 2024

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is primarily a hereditary genetic disorder that presents difficulties in managing hypertension using a wide range of antihypertensive medications. It is crucial to steer clear of any substance that reduces preload or afterload in this situation, making beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists the ideal option. Hereby is a case of a 41-year-old who reported to the Medicine Outpatient Department (OPD) with complaints of weakness in the right upper and lower limbs for two days and altered sensorium. The patient was recently diagnosed with hypertension, and a Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed a left gangliocapsular bleed with a 3 mm midline shift. Echocardiography revealed HOCM. The patient was started on antioedema drugs and metoprolol. A repeat CT scan showed a decrease in the size of the bleed and surrounding oedema. The patient’s consciousness improved, and blood pressure came under control. He was discharged with antihypertensives for regular follow-ups. Overall, this case underscores the complex interplay between HOCM and hypertension, the challenges in managing hypertension in HOCM patients, and the critical role of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists in this setting. It highlights the need for a tailored approach to hypertension management and the importance of early recognition and appropriate intervention in patients with HOCM presenting with complications such as intracranial haemorrhage.
Interaction of Agriculture and Farm Mechanization-paving the Path for Transformed Indian Agriculture: A Case Study of Mechanized Harvesting and Threshing of Chickpea in India
Authors: Chowti Shilpa .P. , J. M. Saraswathi
Published: June 2024

The present study attempted to evaluate the financial feasibility of custom hiring of machines for harvesting and threshing of chickpea in two major chickpea growing states of India namely Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The study was based on data collected from field survey. Two major states namely, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh were selected based on the area under chickpea. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted for the selection of study area, sample farmers and machine owners. The study was based on 90 samples of which 60 were chickpea growing farmers and 30 were machine owners. Farm budgeting, financial feasibility and Garrett ranking techniques were used to analyze the data. About 70 per cent of the sample farmers harvested chickpea engaging human labour and threshed it with machine and remaining 30 per cent of the sample farmers have used machine both for harvesting and threshing. The net profit of mechanical harvesting and threshing over manual harvesting and machine threshing was Rs. 2613 and Rs.3044 in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh respectively. Cultivation of spreading type of chickpea variety was the major constraint in adoption of mechanization. Investment on combined harvester was financially feasible and economically viable with NPV, Benefit Cost Ratio and IRR of Rs. 3307101.18, 2.91 and 25.52 per cent, respectively and payback period was 5.12 years. Investment on thresher was found to be profitable, financially feasible and economically viable with NPV, benefit cost ratio and IRR of Rs. 1126722.09, 3.92 and 29.36 per cent, respectively. The major problems faced by the machine owners was the high cost of machines and their maintenance, non-availability of trained machine operators and coverage of long distances in different states/ districts. Cooperative model of custom hiring as successfully operated in Punjab should be introduced in different states to facilitate easy availability of machines to the farmers with uniform rates to overcome the problem of scarcity of labour during peak farm operation period, reduce cost of machines and harvesting and threshing charges.