bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic control over reactive intermediates enables direct oxidation of alkenes to carbonyls by a P450 iron-oxo species
Authors: Soler Jordi , Gergel Sebastian , Hammer Stephan , Garcia-Borràs Marc
Published: January 2022

The oxidation of alkenes by high-valent iron-oxo active species normally leads to the formation of the corresponding epoxides. Rarely, carbonyl compounds are observed as a side product of the reaction. However, the selective formation of carbonyl compounds from alkenes using iron-oxo species and small molecule catalysts has not yet been achieved. Recently, a new P450-based enzyme (aMOx) has been engineered through laboratory directed evolution to directly oxidize styrenes to their corresponding aldehydes. This transformation uses an enzymatic iron-oxo species as catalytic oxidant and generates aldehydes with high activity and selectivity while suppressing epoxidation. Here, we combine extensive computational modelling together with experimental mechanistic investigations to study the reaction mechanism and unravel the molecular basis behind the selectivity achieved by the laboratory evolved aMOx enzyme. We found that alkene epoxidation and carbonyl formation pathways diverge from a common covalent radical intermediate generated after the first C–O bond formation. Although both pathways are accessible and very similar in energy, intrinsic dynamic effects determine the strong preference for epoxidation. We discovered that aMOx overrides these intrinsic dynamic preferences by controlling the accessible conformations of the covalent radical intermediate. This disfavors epoxidation and facilitates the formation of a key carbocation intermediate that generates the aldehyde product through a fast 1,2-hydride migration. Computations predicted that the hydride migration is stereoselective due to the conformational control over the intermediate species when formed in the enzyme active site. These predictions were corroborated by experiments using deuterated styrene substrates, which proved that the hydride migration is cis- and enantioselective. Our results demonstrate that directed evolution tailored a highly specific active site that imposes strong steric control over key fleeting biocatalytic intermediates, which is essential for accessing the carbonyl forming pathway and preventing competing epoxidation.
Cathodoluminescence of zinc and ytterbium oxide poly- and single crystals grown from melt under high pressure
Authors: Baranov Andrei N. , Shestakov Mikhail V. , Chukichev Mikhail V. , Tafeenko Victor A. , Mukhanov Vladimir A. , Solozhenko Vladimir L.
Published: January 2022

A mixture of poly- and single crystals of zinc and ytterbium (2 at.%) oxides have been grown from the melt at high temperature (1430°C) and high pressure (3.8 GPa). The crystals were transparent under examination with naked eye. The diameter of crystals was in the range from 0.005 to 2 mm. X-ray diffraction confirmed presence of individual zinc and ytterbium oxides in recovered samples. No change of zinc oxide lattice parameters was revealed comparing to pristine zinc oxide. Cathodoluminescence spectra of the mixture were recorded at 77 and 293 K. The collected spectra exhibit UV, green and near-infrared bands due to exciton recombination, presence of oxygen vacancies and ytterbium ions in ZnO crystals, respectively.
How much technological progress is needed to make solar hydrogen cost-competitive?
Authors: Schneidewind Jacob
Published: January 2022

Cost-effective production of green hydrogen is a major challenge for global adoption of a hydrogen economy. Technologies such as photoelectrochemical (PEC) or photocatalytic (PC) water splitting and photovoltaic + electrolysis (PV+E) allow for sustainable hydrogen production from sunlight and water, but are not yet competitive with fossil fuel-derived hydrogen. Herein, open-source software for techno-economic analysis (pyH2A) along with a Monte Carlo-based methodology for modelling of technological progress are developed. Together, these tools allow for the study of required technological improvement to reach a competitive target cost. They are applied to PEC, PC and PV+E to identify required progress for each and derive actionable research targets. For PEC, it is found that cell lifetime improvements (> 2 years) and operation under high solar concentration (> 50-fold) are crucial, necessitating systems with high space-time yields. In case of PC, solar-to-hydrogen efficiency has to reach at least 6% and lowering catalyst concentration (< 0.2 g/L) by improving absorption properties is identified as a promising path to low-cost hydrogen. PV+E requires ca. 2 or 3-fold capital cost reductions for photovoltaic and electrolyzer components. We hope that these insights can inform materials research efforts to improve these technologies in the most impactful ways.
Direct Light Activation of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents: Substrate-Controlled C-C or C-H Alkynylation of Cyclopropanes
Authors: Nguyen Tin. V. T. , Waser Jerome
Published: January 2022

We report the direct light activation of ethynylbenziodoxolone (EBX) reagents for the oxyalkynylation of aryl- and amino-cyclopropanes as well as styrenes. Irradiation with visible light at 440 nm promoted the reaction without the need of a photocatalyst. By the choice of the aryl group on the cyclopropane, it was possilbe to completely switch the outcome of the reaction from the oxyalkynylation of the C-C bond to the alkynylation of the C-H bond. This effect has been speculatively attributed to the conformational control induced by the aryl group on the cyclopropane ring
On the Optical Properties of Silver Nanowires
Authors: Hamans Ruben F. , Parente Matteo , Garcia-Etxarri Aitzol , Baldi Andrea
Published: January 2022

Silver nanowires are used in many applications, ranging from transparent conductive layers to Raman substrates and sensors. Their performance often relies on their unique optical properties that emerge from localized surface plasmon resonances in the ultraviolet. In order to tailor the nanowire geometry for a specific application, a correct understanding of the relationship between the wire’s structure and its optical properties is therefore necessary. However, while the colloidal synthesis of silver nanowires typically leads to structures with pentagonally-twinned geometries, their optical properties are often modeled assuming a cylindrical cross section. Here, we highlight the strengths and limitations of such an approximation by numerically calculating the optical and electrical response of pentagonally-twinned silver nanowires and nanowire networks. We find that our accurate modeling is crucial to deduce structural information from experimentally measured extinction spectra of colloidally-synthesized nanowire suspensions and to predict the performance of nanowire-based near-field sensors. On the contrary, the cylindrical approximation is fully capable of capturing the optical and electrical performance of nanowire networks used as transparent electrodes. Our results can help assess the quality of nanowire syntheses and guide in the design of optimized silver nanowire-based devices.
Effect of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction on Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Spin Chain in the Presence of a Longitudinal Magnetic Field
Authors: Pham H. Thao , Ngo T. Thuan , Le T. Trang , Hoang D. Long , Phan T. H. Ny , Nguyen H. Canh
Published: January 2022

Using functional integral method for the Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain with the added Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in the presence of the longitudinal magnetic field, we find out expression for free energy of the spin chain via spin fluctuations, from which quantities characterize the antiferromagnetic order and phase transition such as staggered and total magnetizations derived. From that, we deduce the significant effect of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on the reduction of the antiferromagnetic order and show that the total magnetization can be deviated from the initial one under the influence of canting of the spins due to a combination of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the magnetic field. Besides, the remarkable role of the transverse spin fluctuations due to the above factors on the antiferromagnetic behaviours of the spin chain is also indicated.
Users' Emotional Experiences in Online Shopping: Effects of Design Components
Authors: ÖZMEN Esra , KARAMAN Ersin , ALKIŞ BAYHAN Nurcan
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to investigate whether users experience an emotional change or not when they focus on design components on e-commerce web pages during shopping process. In this context, a usability study was conducted with participants involved in a real shopping process. In the study, pulse, EEG, Galvanic skin response, eye movements and facial expressions data were collected during shopping process. A total of 32 participants took part in the study. According to the three most focused design components on the web page, "menu and categories", "advertisement" and "search", it was statistically analyzed whether there was a change in the emotions of the participants. As a result, when the participants focused on the "menu and categories" and "advertisement" component, a difference was obtained in the pulse data. In addition, there was a difference in the EEG data compared when they focused on the "menu and categories" and "search" components. Finally, significant differences were also obtained from EEG data when they focused on the "Advertisement" and "Search" components.
Level of Knowledge and Awareness of Pregnant Women about the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): An Assessment from a Developing Country
Authors: AYNACI Gülden
Published: January 2022

Pregnant women may experience psychological difficulties during the pregnancy experience. Being pregnant during the Covid-19 pandemic process carries pregnancy experiences to a different dimension. Pregnancy is among the vulnerable groups against respiratory tract infections. Health systems support services should be provided to women of reproductive age and pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the information needs of pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic and to contribute to increasing the quality of health care services to be provided.The sample of this study consisted of 254 pregnant from Trakya University Medical Faculty Obstetrics Clinic in Turkey. The study was conducted from December 2019 to October 2021. Two scales were used in our study. Participants were first evaluated with a personal information form. The scales we used in our study, Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used.In our study; concerns of pregnant women for their own health, their unborn baby (children) and the postpartum period were significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for optimal community use of maternal and child health services. As the time of birth approached, the feeling of pregnant women was increasing.Developing countries may be the weakest part of the chain to stop the spread of current and future epidemics.It is necessary to carry out a well-planned, high-quality and structured training program in order to increase the level of social awareness and contribute to better process management in pregnant women.
Recruitment of Scc2/4 to double-strand breaks depends on γH2A and DNA end resection
Authors: Scherzer Martin , Giordano Fosco , Ferran Maria Solé , Ström Lena
Published: January 2022

Homologous recombination enables cells to overcome the threat of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), allowing for repair without the loss of genetic information. Central to the homologous recombination repair process is the de novo loading of cohesin around a DSB by its loader complex Scc2/4. Although cohesin’s DSB accumulation has been explored in numerous studies, the prerequisites for Scc2/4 recruitment during the repair process are still elusive. To address this question, we combine chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR with a site-specific DSB in vivo, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that Scc2 DSB recruitment relies on γH2A and Tel1, but as opposed to cohesin, not on Mec1. We further show that the binding of Scc2, which emanates from the break site, depends on and coincides with DNA end resection. Absence of chromatin remodeling at the DSB affects Scc2 binding and DNA end resection to a comparable degree, further indicating the latter to be a major driver for Scc2 recruitment. Our results shed light on the intricate DSB repair cascade leading to the recruitment of Scc2/4 and subsequent loading of cohesin.
Should Libertarians Reject the Free Market? On Olsaretti's Positive Answer
Authors: Bornschein Peter
Published: January 2022

Libertarians are defenders of the free market. On their view, only the free market is compatible with the freedom of each individual to lead her own life according to her own choices. In a book and a series of articles, Serena Olsaretti argues that libertarians are wrong to believe that their commitment to individual freedom justifies the free market. According to her, libertarians rely on a problematic account of voluntary action. As part of her argument, Olsaretti develops her own account of voluntary action. I offer two criticisms of Olsaretti’s argument. First, I argue that accepting her account of voluntary action does not compel libertarians to alter their position in the way that she claims. Second, I argue that her account of voluntary action has unwelcome implications by her own lights.
The Case for Consent Pluralism
Authors: Keiser Jessica
Published: January 2022

A longstanding debate regarding the nature of consent has marked a tri-fold division among philosophical and legal theorists according to whether they take consent to be a type of mental state, a form of behaviour, or some hybrid of the two. Theorists on all sides acknowledge that ordinary language cannot serve as a guide to resolving this ontological question, given the polysemy of the word “consent” in ordinary language. Similar observations have been noted about the function of consent in the law and use of the word “consent” in legal contexts. This paper makes a parallel argument regarding consent’s characteristic normative role: roughly, to transform moral prohibitions into permissions. This role is neither unique nor essential to any one particular kind of thing, be it a mental state, form of behaviour, or hybrid of the two—rather, it is played by mental states and behaviour in independent and context-sensitive ways. The upshot is that insofar as we are interested in its normative implications, we ought to adopt a pluralistic approach to consent which gives independent weight to the moral contributions of facts about mental states and facts about behaviour relative to a context.
FUNDAMENTOS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS DA EDUCAÇÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL
Authors: Luz Priscyla Cristinny Santiago da , Silva Maria de Fátima Vilhena da
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar fundamentos epistemológicos da Educação Socioambiental, por meio de um estudo teórico realizado com vistas aos pressupostos que balizaram a Educação ambiental a partir da década de 1970. Trata-se, nesse sentido, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica realizada em livros, documentos, artigos e periódicos, no qual questionou-se: as orientações que nortearam a educação ambiental, implementada nos últimos anos, apontam que bases epistemológicas da educação socioambiental?  A análise dos foi realizada por meio da técnica da análise de conteúdo, com o intuito de gerar intepretações, inferências e categorias que descortinassem elementos epistemológicos da educação socioambiental. O material compilado foi estruturado em três pilares (categorias): a) relação natureza e sociedade; b) relação ambiente e patrimônio; e c) relação ambiente e cidadania. Essas categorias foram subsidiadas, principalmente, pela Teoria da Complexidade do Conhecimento, sob o ponto de vista de Edgar Morin (2007, 2010), Morin, Ciurana e Motta (2009); na Complexidade Ambiental proposta por Enrique Leff (2003) e na discussão acerca da interdisciplinaridade fundamentada nas concepções de Silva (2009) e Fazenda (2011). Conclui-se, assim, que as bases epistemológicas da educação socioambiental evidenciadas pela pesquisa alinham diálogos e concepções do saber para o entendimento e a atuação sobre questões socioambientais de forma complexa, interdisciplinar e possibilitam projetar/articular práticas educativas transformadoras.
Pressure Groups and Free Press: Downsizing in News Organizations and Future of Traditional Media in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Jam Sajjad , Ghulam Shabir  , Nasir Hameed  , Durrani Shahid Afzal
Published: January 2022

Purpose: News media in third world countries remained under social, religious, political and military pressure. Developing countries in presence of pressure groups cannot enjoy the fruits of a democratic setup. So, the purpose of study is to explore factors of downsizing in traditional media organizations and their future in wake of pressure groups, which create hindrance in freedom of expression. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Qualitative approach was employed to explore the causes behind the undesired downsizing. Researchers chosen 15 respondents working on senior positions in different traditional media organization from different stations of Pakistan including Islamabad, Lahore, Multan, Bahawalpur and Karachi based on purposive sampling.   Findings: Results revealed the incumbent government changed its stance on freedom of expression and adopted each modus operandi to silence the voices from journalistic corners. The government promoted selective part of freedom of expression by highlighting the anchors speaking in favor of the party. Implications/ Originality/ Value: So, the study concluded traditional media organizations should be reorganized and government should extend its democratic support for protecting freedom of expression. The study recommended the government should remain impartial and provide space to traditional news organizations so that the citizens should be provided with right to know.
¿Afectan las redes sociales a nuestra empatía? Un estudio con jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Lozano Blasco Raquel , Mira Aladrén Marta , Gil Lamata Mercedes
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo analiza la afección de las redes sociales a la empatía cognitiva y afectiva. Concretamente en la población de jóvenes universitarios estudiantes de educación y psicología. Con este fin se lleva a cabo una investigación de corte cuantitativo mediante un diseño correlacional basado en el uso de cuestionarios psicométricos. Tras el exhaustivo análisis de datos se ha obtenido que existe un uso adictivo a las redes sociales al mismo tiempo que se dan dificultades en la empatía. También se observa que esta situación se ha visto agravada como consecuencia de la actual coyuntura de pandemia mundial. No obstante, se contempla que conforme aumenta la edad y se poseen mejores relaciones sociales, se dan  menores dificultades en el componente cognitivo de la empatía. Por último, se obtiene que a pesar de la gran evidencia científica de anteriores estudios en los que se relaciona la adicción a redes sociales con la ansiedad, el presente estudio aboga por su no significancia. Esta circunstancia es aún más habitual en el sexo masculino, siendo el sexo femenino más sensible a padecer dicha situación.
estudio exploratorio de formación en storytelling y sus claves, para su aplicación en la educación formal de adultos
Authors: Galar Gimeno Jose Luis
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del artículo es contribuir al desarrollo de la investigación acerca del uso del storytelling en el ámbito de la educación española, principalmente en la educación de adultos. Según la literatura se trata de una técnica muy utilizada en muchos ámbitos, pero que no ha suscitado el mismo entusiasmo en el ámbito científico académico, incluyendo el ámbito de la educación. Pretende acotar el concepto de storytelling, identificar cuáles son los elementos principales que configuran dicha técnica, e indagar si un programa diseñado para aprender la técnica del storytelling contribuiría al aumento de la competencia comunicativa en los miembros de la comunidad educativa. Para ello se acude a la metodología cualitativa, utilizando la técnica del análisis Delphi. El estudio logra acotar el concepto identificando sus elementos principales y concluye que las capacidades del comunicador son un elemento fundamental. Entre ellas destacan, saber convocar las emociones de sus audiencias y saber identificar lo que espera su audiencia cuando le presta atención. También se concluye que es una técnica que puede aprenderse a través del diseño de un programa, lo abre la puerta a futuras investigaciones que aporten cientificidad al uso del storytelling en la comunicación entre quienes conforman la comunidad educativa.
BANKING SYSTEM OF RUSSIA. REGIONAL ASPECT
Authors:   Russian state University for the Humanities, Osipovskaya Anna V.
Published: January 2022

The article provides an assessment of the state of the Russian banking system in the regional context. The study is carried out on the basis of an analysis of a number of socio-economic indicators proposed in one of the methods for assessing the regional banking system. The paper presents and calculates data for federal districts, including indicators of institutional development and characteristics of banks’ activities, such as the value of assets, the share of assets in GRP, loans to the economy. Based on the analysis of the obtained indicators, the features inherent in the banking system at the present stage are highlighted.
THE ROLE OF THE HUMANITIES IN THE FORMATION OF ADVANCED EDUCATION
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Arkhipova Nadezhda I. , Shkarenkov Pavel P. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities, Makolov Vasilii I. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: January 2022

The article substantiates the role of the humanities in the formation of a model for advanced education in the interests of sustainable development within the framework of global transformations, taking into account the influence of modern threats and challenges (technogenic, biogenic, sociocultural, etc.). In the context of the modern educational policy of Russia, the authors present the key elements in the humanitarian component of the model under consideration (professional-competence, value-worldview, spiritual-patriotic and humanitarian-ecological components, digital competencies and soft skills).
Analisis Keterlibatan Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar pada Lembaga Kemahasiswaan dan Efektifitasnya dalam Dakwah
Authors: Syandri Syandri , Fatahuddin Askar , Syaripudin Ahmad , Miranto Agus , Sose Edwin Salnar
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the involvement of STIBA students in student organizations and their effectiveness in da'wah as a reference material for policy makers of the Makassar Islamic and Arabic Language College (STIBA) to establish better student regulations for the development of students and alumni of STIBA Makassar. The formulation of the first problem concerns the involvement of STIBA Makassar students in student institutions, the second is the effectiveness of da'wah for STIBA Makassar alumni at the Assignment location, and the third is an analysis of student involvement in LK as well as resilience and creativity in da'wah. This research uses field research with qualitative analysis research methods, namely using in-depth data analysis in the form of numbers. The results of this study indicate that in general STIBA students during the study period have joined the Student Affairs Institute but the involvement tends to decrease from year to year. The effectiveness of the alumni's da'wah while at the job site is measured by militancy, resilience and creativity also needs intense guidance by the relevant sections within the scope of the STIBA institution, while the correlation of student involvement in student institutions to the effectiveness of da'wah has proven to be quite positive even though most of it is only at the institutional level have not been able to do a lot of creative da'wah with other institutions externally.
Dakwah Dan Kekuasaan (Studi Dakwah Nabi Muhammad pada Periode Madinah)
Authors: Mastori Mastori , Maggalatung A. Salman , Arifin Zenal
Published: January 2022

The concept of the relationship between da'wah and power, especially what was practiced by the Prophet Muhammad in his da'wah in the Medina period, is an important object of research. This period was the starting point of the victory of da'wah which had enormous implications for the development of Islam in its end. The results showed that preaching and power in the Medina period had very strong relations. Most Islamic law cannot be implemented without a policy of authority. Power is inspired and exercised by the direction of revelation while preaching becomes strong and effective sustained by strength. Evidently the compilation of legalities possessed by the Prophet Muhammad was obtained through the process of Bai'at I and II in Medina, the development of Islam proceeded very quickly to reach the Arabian peninsula. The success of the Prophet Muhammad's leadership in Medina in integrating da'wah and power was important to make policy foothold by state officials.
Keterampilan Komunikasi Terapeutik Penyuluh Agama di Kota Padang
Authors: Rosdialena Rosdialena , Dewita Erna , Maiseptian Fadil , Thaheransyah Thaheransyah , Herawati Anna Ayu
Published: January 2022

Religious instructors are people who play a role in providing education, guidance, and information to the community. For this reason, the therapeutic skills of extension workers need to be improved continuously, considering that the success of counseling lies in getting the message to the community. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of therapeutic communication based on aspects of the communicator's ability, acceptance of the communicant, the message conveyed, the use of media, and the effect of the interpretation of a message. The type of research conducted is descriptive quantitative. The research subjects of this research were 32 religious instructors in the city of Padang. The data collection tool uses instrument development in the form of a valid and reliable therapeutic communication questionnaire. The data collection technique used quantitative descriptive analysis with the percentage formula. The results of this study indicate that communicators must have the ability to master problems, speak effectively, motivate, look attractive and use appropriate language. Then from the communicant aspect, the extension worker must understand the background and cultural characteristics and the level of need for the communicant for the material presented. The material aspect of the instructor should use structured, monitored, and evaluated material. The use of media in counseling is very supportive of achieving the goals of counseling. Taking into account all these qualifications, the extension worker can avoid misinterpretation of the material presented, so that the target of the extension can be achieved.
SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO
Authors: Almeida Raissa Janine de , Luizaga Carolina Terra de Moraes , Nascimento Cristiane Murta-
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the first most common malignancy in the female population worldwide. Monitoring the survival of women with breast cancer has been a strategy frequently adopted at the international level as a measure to assess the progress of public policies for the control of the disease. Objectives: To estimate the probabilities of five and ten year survival and to investigate the prognostic factors of women with breast cancer included in the hospital-based cancer registry (RHC) of Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP). Methods: It was a historical cohort study. The sample consisted of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2012 and included in the RHC-FOSP. The event of interest was breast cancer-specific mortality. Living cases at the end of follow-up (December 31, 2017), loss to follow-up, and death other than that due to breast cancer were considered censored on the date of the last contact or date of death. Descriptive analysis and survival analysis were performed using the Kaplan-Meyer method. Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95%CI were estimated using Cox’s proportional hazards model. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Brazil. Results: Between 2002 and 2012, 53,146 cases of invasive breast cancer were registered at RHC-FOSP. The median age of women at diagnosis was 55.9 years. By the end of the follow-up, 20,683 patients died and 71.4% of such deaths were due to breast cancer. The five and ten year breast cancer-specific survival for the entire cohort was 76.1% (95%CI 75.7–76.5) and 64.8% (95%CI 64.2–65.3), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with prognosis were: age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, educational level, grouped clinical stage, and histological type. Conclusions: Specific survival for breast cancer in the state of São Paulo is significantly associated with several characteristics. The knowledge of these characteristics can contribute to the development of public policies in the area.
AVERAGE SURVIVAL ACCORDING TO THE CLINICAL STAGE IN 10,532 PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER TREATED BY THE BRAZILIAN UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM (SUS) FROM JANUARY 2011 TO DECEMBER 2019 AT PÉROLA BYINGTON HOSPITAL
Authors: Faria Tayana Moreira , Cavagna Felipe Andreotta , Mattar André , Shida Jorge Yoshinori , Gebrim Luiz Henrique
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The distribution of the different clinical stages of cancer in the population is of paramount importance not only to assess prognosis and therapy, but mainly to establish public health strategies and priorities. The prevalence of advanced cases in some populations shows the need for public assistance policies aimed at early detection for a rapid reduction in mortality. Unfortunately, reports in Brazil about the different realities of assistance in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) are scarce. Objectives: To evaluate the distribution of the different clinical stages, and the mean 5-year survival of 10,532 breast cancer patients treated by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital, from January 2011 to December 2016. Methods: A hospital-based observational cross-sectional study was conducted. The population consisted of women with breast cancer treated by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital. The data were registered in the institution’s data collection system, based on the selection of all women diagnosed with breast cancer in the period from January 2011 to December 2016, and stratified by survival in relation to the initial clinical staging. Results: Our database consists of 620 patients in stage zero (DCIS), 2,479 patients in stage I, 3,998 in stage II, 3,082 in stage III and 353 patients in stage IV. The highest survival rate (98%) was observed in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. In stage I patients, the 5-year survival rate was 94.7%. This result is slightly higher than that observed in stage II patients, where 90.6% of them had a survival of more than 5 years. In patients belonging to stages IIIA, IIIB and IIIC, the 5-year survival was 83%, 72% and 57%, respectively. Among the patients treated in stage IV, the 5-year survival rate was 55%. Conclusions: Among DCIS, 2% had recurrence and death within 5 years. Survival in patients belonging to stages I and II was 94.7% and 90.6%, respectively, which is very close, according to literature data. The survival of patients belonging to stages IIIA and IIIB exceeded 70%, indirectly showing the efficacy of locoregional and systemic therapy at SUS, which applies to stages IIIC and IV. These reports are unprecedented in the database of the Unified Health System of the Municipality of São Paulo, in a population that undergoes only opportunistic screening.
INITIAL CLINICAL STAGING AND INCIDENCE OF MOLECULAR SUBTYPE IN BREAST CANCER PATIETS TREATED FROM JAN/2011 TO DEC/2019 AT PÉROLA BYINGTON HOSPITAL
Authors: Oliveira Mauro Orlando Meurer , Shida Jorge Yoshinori , Mattar André , Cavagna Felipe Andreotta , Gebrim Luiz Henrique
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Clinical staging (CS) has great importance for therapeutic programming and prognostic evaluation in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Malignant breast tumors can be classified according to their immunohistochemical (IHC) profile. The study of the IHC profile can also assist in public health strategies, since they determine therapeutic planning. Objectives: Compare our database with literature data. Methods: The staging database (TNM, Tumor, Nodes and Metastasis) of the CRSM-SP (Pérola Byington Hospital) of patients with breast cancer treated at this institution from January 2010 to December 2019. Results: It was observed that 5.7% of the patients had in situ tumors. In the invasive form of tumors, 22.7% of the patients were diagnosed in CS I. Stage II was the one with the highest occurrence, corresponding to 36.5%. Advanced cases belonging to stages III and IV respectively represented 28.2% and 3.26%. As for the IHC profile of our 10,665 patients, luminal tumors A represented 24.7%, luminal B 32.7%. Patients with overexpressed HER2 were subdivided into pure HER2 (7.7%) and triple positive (9.8%). Triple negative tumors represented 25.1% of patients. A Brazilian study with SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System) data included 201,079 women: 19.5% were in stage I, 40.4% in stage II, 30.9% in stage III, and 9.3% in stage IV. In comparison with the public health system in England, a population study of 86,852 cases of breast cancer found 37% of diagnoses in stage I, 32% in CS II, 8% in CS III, and 5% in CS IV. The high ratio of patients (17%) in an unknown staging is noteworthy. In the USA, in a population study of 320,124 women, 72.6% were classified as luminal A, 11.2% as luminal B, 4.8% with overexpression of HER2 and 11.3% as triple-negative. Data from a Brazilian publication with 2,461 patients observed luminal A in 28.8% of the cases, luminal B 39.5%, pure HER2 7.9%, triple positive 9.7% and triple-negative were 14%, with the exception of triple-negative, similar to our results. It is possible that the higher ratio of patients with triple negative tumors at CRSM is explained by the higher incidence of non-screened patients, aged under 50, which are about 39%. Conclusions: The finding of 28.4% of in situ tumors in stage I shows the results of an occasional screening. The predominance of patients in stage II (40.4%) shows the predominance of palpable tumors in our population and the importance of making an agile diagnosis, preventing progression to stage III. The predominance of luminal tumors 68.3% and HER 2 (16.7%) were similar to those in the literature. However, the ratio of 25.1% of triple-negative patients contributes to higher mortality in Brazil and requires greater diagnostic and therapeutic agility.
PALPEBRAL METASTASIS 11 YEARS AFTER DIAGNOSIS OF DUCTAL BREAST CARCINOMA
Authors: Calabria André Chaves
Published: January 2022

Introduction: We seek to report a rare case of metastasis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast in the eyelid with a presentation 11 years after diagnosis of the primary tumor. Ocular metastasis needs to be recognized, because although it has limited survival, a timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the quality of life of these patients. Case report: M.S.V., female, 59 years old, presented with locally advanced right breast cancer, clinical stage T3N1M0, with a histopathological diagnosis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma by percutaneous biopsy in 2008. Initially submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with complete clinical and histopathological response. Then, radical mastectomy was performed with right axillary lymphadenectomy and immediate breast reconstruction associated with contralateral breast symmetrization; adjuvant radiotherapy and hormone therapy with tamoxifen. She would be a carrier of pathogenic variant heterozygous BRCA 2, but preferred not to perform other risk-reducing therapies. Shee had a favorable evolution, with good therapeutic response, and continued to undergo periodic clinical and imaging exams, without changes. In 2019, she presented right eyelid ptosis, with a diagnosis of eyelid tumor. Complementary exams with evidence of an infiltrative lesion with mild expansive effect on magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit; secondary implants in the frontal region of the skull evidenced in bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging; in addition to high AC 15.3 = 274.42. A biopsy of the eyelid lesion was performed, with histopathological results of metastatic adenocarcinoma of breast origin and an immunohistochemical panel with the presence of estrogen receptor, Ki67 5%, no expression of HER2 and progesterone receptor, in addition to the presence of GATA3. Currently under treatment with Fulvestrant. The case infers great importance, due to the rarity of the metastatic site, which indicates a poor prognosis. Furthermore, it appeared more than twice it was expected after detection of the primary tumor. Although rare, these lesions can be the first sign of systemic disease.
Respon Mahasiswa Terhadap Perkuliahan Berbasis Kearifan lokal Pada Mata Kuliah Kajian Fisika Sekolah Menengah
Authors:   Prodi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Mataram, Hikmawati Hikmawati , Suastra I Wayan ,   Pendidikan IPA, FMIPA, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe student responses to local wisdom-based lectures in the High School Physics Studies course. This type of research is descriptive research. The research subjects were 27 5th semester students at one of the universities in the city of Mataram. The research was carried out from 18 August 2021 to 27 October 2021 with a total of 10 meetings. Lectures are conducted online through the Learning Management System (LMS). The research data was obtained by providing response questionnaires to students in the form of a google form at the end of the lecture. Student responses are said to be positive towards local wisdom-based lectures in terms of 4 aspects, namely happy, new, enthusiastic, and interested, which is at least 75%. Each aspect has 5 components that are assessed, namely lecture material, LMS discussion forums, student learning methods, lecturers' teaching methods, and assessment in the form of assignments. The results showed that 96% of students said they were happy, 78% of students said they were new, 89% of students said they were enthusiastic, and 91% of students said they were interested in lectures based on local wisdom. Thus, students expressed a positive response to local wisdom-based lectures on each component of the assessment.
Impact of Quercus infectoria Galls Extract on Thyroid Gland and Testicular Functions in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Salam H
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus has been reported to be accompanied by thyroid and testicular dysfunctions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Quercus infectoria galls (QIg) extract on the thyroid gland and testicular functions in diabetic rats. Sixteen rats were randomly divided into four equal groups, consisting of normal control, diabetic untreated control, diabetic treated with oral administration of 500 mg/kg BW and 1000 mg/kg BW, respectively for 15 days. Serum blood glucose, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), testosterone (T), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were euthanized for histopathological analysis of thyroid gland and testis. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in the thyroid gland of rats. The significant increase in serum blood glucose level in diabetic rats (DC) was markedly decreased by treatment with QIg extract (500 mg and 100 mg/kg BW) almost to the normal level. The reduced thyroid hormones, both the T3 and T4 were significantly recovered after 15 days of treatment with QIg extract (500 mg and 100 mg/kg BW). Whereas serum concentration of testosterone was significantly reduced in diabetic rats with QIg extract (500 mg and 100 mg/kg BW) treatment. Histopathological analysis of diabetic rats showed a wide range of morphological alterations in thyroid gland and testicular structures, which were almost completely, restored back to normal by treatment of rats with QIg extract. Furthermore, results showed overexpression of TTF-1 in the thyroid gland of diabetic rats, which was recovered back to normal expression after 15 days of treatment with QIg extract. These findings may provide new insights into the potential role of QIg extract as a promising therapeutic agent against diabetic complications in thyroid gland and testicular functions.
Correction to: Determining Learning Style Preferences of Learners
Authors: Shrestha Sushil , Pokharel Manish
Published: January 2022

The authors wish to correct Table 7, for which details are available in the PDF. The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v3i1.2761
Increasing Efficiency through Tokenization of Digital Assets in an Exporting Company 4.0
Authors: Trigueros Pina José Antonio , Alegre Poma Napoleón B.
Published: January 2022

Digital assets have been introduced to the global market as one of the innovations with the potential. Even though their impact on the traditional economy is impossible to measure. Security tokens (ST) are the ones that stand out due to the preference they have from producers and consumers. The former obtains financial resources efficiently for their specific projects. While the latter look for STs in global digital platforms of trust and security. Which are regulated by public securities sales offices. The research proposes a method under the fuzzy logic theory and its applied models. It highlights the use of the triangular fuzzy numbers, the Fuzzy Delfi, Expertons, Hamming Distance, and the fuzzy inference system (FIS). The benefits and limitations of the proposal were highlighted when the proposal was used in an agro-export company. The route or algorithm of the value system to be followed in the execution of the investments stands out. Therefore, the research fulfills its objective and is very useful for small and medium export 4.0 companies. Since they are eager to obtain cash flow to improve their technical efficiency and to be able to export their artifacts to global markets. That is to say, the producer of goods can obtain an unprecedented benefit in an agile and efficient way in the context of Industry 4.0.
Autonomy and Coordinating Mechanisms of State-Society Boundary Organizations in Mainland China
Authors: Li Wei
Published: January 2022

State-society boundary organizations face the challenge to maintain autonomy as well as flexibilities to respond to various goals and needs of state and non-state actors. Chinese state used to exert much control over intermediary NGOs (boundary organizations) and some have become bureaucratized. Recent reforms have sought to transform them to be more autonomous from the government and more responsive to NGOs. This paper investigates the managerial autonomy and coordinating mechanisms of 29 intermediary NGOs in Shanghai, Beijing and Guangdong. Regardless whether they are initiated by the state or non-state actors, as boundary organizations, they can effectively play a bridging role when they simultaneously deploy multiple mechanisms to sustain autonomy and at the same time integrate differences of interests between state and non-state actors.
Quarantine Victors: Lived Experiences of Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Rillo Joshua A. , Uy Trisha Mae E. , Macapagal Carmella D. , Mariano Ma. Chretienne R. , Melosantos Michaela F. , Villena Cherizza Mae D. , Flores Emily A. , Catabona Zuzette B.
Published: January 2022

The real-life experiences of the COVID-19 survivors during their admission to COVID facilities and their well-being during the COVID-19 phenomena are largely neglected. Given this, the study aimed to explore the experiences and grieving process of the COVID-19 survivors during and after their admission to the COVID facility. This study utilized the qualitative interpretative phenomenological design and used both the purposive and snowball sampling techniques to gather nine participants. A semi-structured interview guide developed by the researchers were used to gather data conducted online. Five themes and fifteen categories were extracted; the major themes were physiological experiences, psychological-emotional experiences, coping mechanisms, life after isolation, and stigma and discrimination. The findings revealed that the participants during the infection experienced both physiological and psychological-emotional experiences that varies based on the patient's health status and comorbidities. After the infection, the participants were relieved since they could return to their everyday lives and demonstrate a sense of growth to increase awareness to maintain a healthy physical body and observe precautionary measures. The strong association between the participants’ experiences and the stages of grieving has been known to be valid and relevant in this context. This study recommends that COVID-19 patients be given a holistic approach throughout and after their illness recovery, as this can increase their responsiveness to treatment and their overall well-being.
The Correlation Between Community Health Cadres Knowledge and the Role in Preventing COVID-19 in Teluk Village
Authors: Agatha Salsabila Thalita Dama , Handayani Diyah Yulistika
Published: January 2022

Background : According to data from Banyumas Health Agency(2021), Teluk Village was once a red zone because there were 14 confirmed cases of COVID-19. Therefore, several activities involving the community, including Integrated Health Services Post, were suspended. During the pandemic, the majority of mothers are worried to take their children to health facilities to be immunized, whereas immunization is very important. In order to reduce parents' worries, the role of Community Health Cadres(CHCs) is needed in providing information related to safe immunization procedures.
Objective : The purpose of this study was to figure out the correlation between CHCs knowledge and the role in preventing COVID-19. This was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach.
Method : This research has been carried out on 64 CHCs in Teluk Village. Percentages and chi-square test analysis were employed to answer the research problems.
Results : The results indicated that most of the respondents graduated from high school and were of productive age. In addition, most of them have become CHCs for 15 years. 46.9% of the respondents had a good level of knowledge about COVID-19, while 53.1% had a moderate level. The role of most of the cadres in preventing COVID-19 was in the optimal category (60.9%), while the rest (39.1%) was not optimal.
Conclusion : The p-value was 0.001(0.05) therefore it can be concluded that there is a correlation between cadres' knowledge about COVID-19 and the roles in preventing the disease.