bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Multicomponent Fertilizers on the Concentration of Potassium in Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Draszawka-Bołzan Beata
Published: December 2022

A pot experiment on an acid brown soil was conducted in 1998-2001. Three multicomponent fertilizers were applied: Polifoska 8, Polifoska 15 and Polimag 306, Travit at the rates of 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 gN per pot. The total forms of potassium were determined in dry matter of perennial ryegrass with the use of ASA method. The contents of these elements were higher in the fertilized variants as compared to the control. No significant differences were found among the contents of investigated elements compared in plants treated with different multicomponent fertilizers. The chemical analyses indicated that increasing rates of the fertilizers applied enhanced the contents of potassium. In the content of potassium in dry matter of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) the Polifoska 8 it ranged from 3.49- 4.92 %. In the content of potassium in dry matter of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) the Polifoska 15 it ranged from 4.29-4.86 %. In the content of potassium in dry matter of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) the Polimag 306 it ranged from 4.07-5.17 %. In the content of potassium in dry matter of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) the Travit it ranged from 3.84-4.73 %. The content of potassium in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was mostly higher on objects may receive farm manures fertilisers compared to the control object.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of (2-Methoxy/2-Amino)-6-{4'-[(4'''-Chlorophenyl) (Phenyl) Methyl Amino] Phenyl}-4-Aryl Nicotinonitrile
Authors: Guna J.V. , Bhadani V.N. , Purohit H.D. , Purohit Dipak M.
Published: December 2022

2- Methoxy – 6 - {4' - [(4'''- Chlorophenyl) (phenyl) methyl amino] phenyl} - 4 - aryl nicotinonitrile (3a-3l) and 2-Amino-6-{4'-[(4'''-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl amino]phenyl}-4-aryl nicotinonitrile (4a-4l) have been synthesized. The products have been assayed for their antimicrobial activity against Gram +ve, Gram -ve bacteria and fungi. The structure of the products has been elucidated by IR, 1H-NMR, mass spectral data, elemental analysis and thin layer chromatography.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Coumarinyl Schiff Base Derivatives
Authors: Mishra Arun , Rathod Jaynt , Namera Dipti , Thakrar Shailesh , Shah Anamik
Published: December 2022

We have reported some novel N’-[(1)-ethylidene]-2-(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl) acetohydrazide synthesized by conventional method. The reaction of 2-(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetohydrazide with substituted benzaldehyde in methanol as a solvent yielded a series of (7a-l). The structures of all synthesized compounds are well characterized by Mass, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. Moreover, all synthesized compounds were screened for In Vitro antimicrobial activity against the gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacilluas subtilis) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneunonae, Enterobacter) bacterial strain. In which some the compounds show potential inhibition against the test organisms.
Investigations of Recently Discovered Supernova Remnants’ Spectral Plot: AT2019fya, SN2019fjp, SN2019fcc, SN2019fbv, SN2019ffi, and SN2019fce
Authors: Raquel Bjorn Jasper R. , Bantaculo Agnes C. , Llemit Shane Carlo B. , Custodio Eldrin P. , Guido Ryan Manuel D.
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the spectroscopic graphs of recently discovered Supernova Remnants (AT2019fya, SN2019fjp, SN2019fcc, SN2019fce, SN2019fbv & SN2019ffi) for the determination of elements present. The researchers use the spectral plot analysis to analyze the presence of certain elements of the individual supernova remnants (SNR) for the assimilation, differentiation and classification of these SNR. Redshift and velocities of these SNR were also found using the observed wavelength and the rest wavelength ratio. Comparison suggests that AT2019fya is a Type II supernova remnant and some of the SNRs in this study exhibits an existence of krypton (Kr) on their composition which is recently discovered by M. Barlow (2013) to be present at the Crab Nebula. This might suggest that AT2019fya, SN2019fbv, SN2019fce, and SN2019ffi have a pulsar at their center.
Aqueous Dispersion and Temperature Induced Reversible Fluorescence Properties of 1-Pyrenecarboxaldehyde
Authors: Ashaduzzaman Md , Kunitake Masashi
Published: December 2022

The fluorescence intensities for various vibronic fine structures in the 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde (PyCHO) fluorescence show strong environment dependence. In aqueous solvent, the distribution of dye is highly depended on its concentration labels and varies from excimer to monomeric state. UV-Vis Spectroscopic analysis could not able to detect dye below 10-7M concentration, whereas a new monomeric peak at 342 nm was observed after heating and cooling treatment at above the concentration. At 10-8M concentration, only monomeric distribution of 1-PyCHO reveals a strong temperature (20-50 °C) induced reversible perturbation of the vibronic band intensities. This suggests the operation of some specific solute-solvent dipole-dipole interaction mechanism strongly influenced by heating.
Cooxidation of Dibenzalacetone with Oxalic Acid by Pyrazinium Chlorochromate
Authors: Periyasamy Seplapatty Kalimuthu , Ponmadasamy R.
Published: December 2022

Oxidation of dibenzalacetone with pyrazinium chlorochromate in presence of oxalic acid has been studied at 313 K. Various reaction parameters such as effect of varying oxidant, substrate, Hydrogen ion concentration, catalyst, solvent composition, ionic strength, effect of Mn2+, effect of Al3+ and effect of temperature were studied to determine the kinetics of the reaction. Our study revealed that the reaction followed first order dependence with respect to oxidant and catalyst. The reaction followed fractional order kinetics with respect to substrate and H+. Increase in ionic strength was found to have no effect on the reaction rate and decrease in the dielectric constant of the medium decreases the reaction rate. Increase in the concentration of manganous sulphate retarded the reaction rate which confirmed the two-electron transfer involved in the mechanism. There was no possibility of free radical mechanism, which was confirmed by the addition of acrylonitrile shows no significant effect on the reaction rate indicating the non-involvement of free radical reaction.. Based on the experimental observations a mechanism and rate law has been derived. Moreover, the oxidation product was found to be chalcone epoxide, which was characterized by IR spectrum.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Biological Screening of s-Triazine Based Chalcones and its Derivatization into Phenyl Pyrazolines, Isoxazoles
Authors: Solankee Anjani , Tailor Riki
Published: December 2022

Heterocyclic derivatives such as phenyl pyrazolines and isoxaxoles were prepared from s - triazine based chalcones. Chalcones (A1 - A5) are synthesised by the reaction of compound (V) with various aromatic aldehydes. Moreover, further reaction of chalcones with phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of alkali gives phenyl pyrazolines (A6 - A10) and isoxazoles (A11 - A15) derivatives respectively. The structures of the newly synthesised compounds were confiremed by spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) and elemental analysis. All the newly synthesised compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activity against selected Gram - positive (S. aureus and S. pyogenus), Gram - negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacterial and fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger and A. clavatus).
Study of Acoustic Nature of Tetrapentylammonium Bromide in N,N-Dimethyl-Ethylmethyl Ketone Systems at Different Temperatures
Authors: Patial Baljeet Singh
Published: December 2022

Ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density studies on solution of tetrapentylammonium bromide (Pen4NBr) in N,N-dimethylformamide, ethylmethylketone (EMK) and DMF-EMK solvent mixtures containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mol % of DMF at 298, 308 and 318K have been reported. From the velocity, viscosity and density data values, various parameters namely, the adiabatic compressibility (β), Intermolecular free length (Lf), specific acoustic impedance (Z), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi) and relaxation time (τ) have been calculated. All these parameters have been discussed separately to throw light on the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions.
Inhibition of Diphenol Oxidase Activity of Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) Using L-Cysteine and L-Glycine
Authors: Saeidian Shahriar
Published: December 2022

L-glycine and L-cysteine exhibit, strong inhibition of partial purified DIPHENOL OXIDASE at strawberry. The concentration of L-glycine inhibiting Diphenol oxidase activity by 50% (IC50) was 0.5 and 0.4 mM at pH 6.7 and 8, respectively. The inhibition of partial purified Diphenol oxidase activity is pH and inhibitor dependent. Kinetic studies indicate that L-glycine is a uncompetetive inhibitor and L-cysteine is competitive and noncompetitive inhibitor of Diphenol oxidase activity. Vmax and Km for catechol oxidation at pH 6.7 and in presence of L-glycine (1.4M) was 0.09 ∆A min-1 and 10 mM. Vmax for catechol oxidation at pH 8 and in absence of L-glycine was 0.09 ∆A min–1, with a Km of 3.5 mM. Kinetics parameters indicated the highest catalytic efficiency ( units mg–1 prot mM–1) with catechol and L-glycine at pH 8: 4 , then with L-cystein at pH 8: 1.7, L-glycine at pH 6.7: 1.4 and L-cystein at pH 6.7: 0.25.
Effect of Co Doping on Structural and Optical Properties of NiO Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Bakr Nabeel A. , Salman Sabah A. , Shano Ahmed M.
Published: December 2022

In this work, nickel-cobalt oxide (Ni(1-x)CoxO) thin films, where x = 0, 4, 6 and 8 % have been successfully deposited on glass substrates by chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique at substrate temperature of (400 °C) and thickness of about 300 nm. The structural and optical properties of these films have been studied using XRD, AFM, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD results showed that all films are polycrystalline in nature with cubic structure and preferred orientation along (111) plane. The crystallite size was calculated using Scherrer formula and it is found that the undoped NiO sample has maximum crystallite size (51.16 nm). AFM results showed homogenous and smooth thin films. The absorbance and transmittance spectra have been recorded in the wavelength range of (300-900) nm in order to study the optical properties. The optical energy gap for allowed direct electronic transition was calculated using Tauc equation. It is found that the band gap decreases as the Co-concentration increases and the band gap values were in the range of 3.58-3.66 eV and 3.58 eV for the prepared Nickel-Cobalt Oxide thin films. The Urbach energy increases as the Co-concentration increases and the Urbach. The optical constants including (absorption coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant) were also calculated as a function of photon energy. Refractive index and extinction coefficient for Nickel-Cobalt Oxide thin films were estimated as a function of wavelength.
An X-Ray Observations of a Gradual Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) on 15th April 2012
Authors: Hamidi Zety Sharizat , Shariff N.N.M. , Monstein C. , Wan Zulkifli W.N.A. , Ibrahim M.B. , Arifin N.S. , Amran N.A.
Published: December 2022

In the present work, we will highlight the solar observation during 15th April 2012, solar filament eruption which is accompanied by an intense and gradual Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). The explosion of CMEs was observed at 2:12:06 UT and also can be observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) with an Active Region AR1458 is crackling with C-class solar flares. The solar flare class B3 and C2 were observed beginning 2241 UT and 0142 UT. The event is considered as second largest CMEs been detected since five years. Although the solar activity within a few days is considered quite low and there are no proton events were observed at geosynchronous orbit., the is still an unexpected explosion of CMEs can be occurred. The radio flux number (10.7 cm) exceeds 102 with the number of sunspot and area of sunspot increased to 77 and 270. The velocity of CMEs was calculated based on the LASCO2 data. From the results, it is clearly seen that the range of the velocity is between 200 kms-1 to 2000 kms-1. This wide of range proved that the mechanism of the CMEs is a gradual process. The explosion of CMEs velocity is located from 80º - 255º from North of the Sun. We can then conclude that currently, the rearrangement of the magnetic field, and solar flares may result in the formation of a shock that accelerates particles ahead of the CMEs loop and an active region play an important character in this event.
Adequate Theory of Oscillator: A Prelude to Verification of Classical Mechanics, Part 4
Authors: Pluta Zdzisław , Hryniewicz Tadeusz
Published: December 2022

In the paper, the adequate theory of oscillator is presented, being a sort of prelude to verification of the classical theory of mechanics. The developed theory is based on a properly understood notion of energy, quantum value changes of its determined measures (potentials), as well as of such changes types of sites of full energetic states which presents the essence of the true principle of the energy conservation. In the first part of the paper the principle of energy conservation was considered. Then the energetic aspects of the oscillator motion, with an exemplary real system motion was presented. The third part was a development of kinetics of a body in the harmonic motion and verification of the adequate theory of the oscillator. At the end, this Part 4 is devoted to the determination of the gravity acceleration by means of the mathematical pendulum to confirm the previously presented findings.
Study of the Interaction of Ciprofloxacin and Sparfloxacin with Biomolecules by Spectral, Electrochemical and Molecular Docking Methods
Authors: Rajendiran N. , Suresh M.
Published: December 2022

Interactions of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin with different biomolecules (DNA, RNA and BSA) are investigated by UV–Visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and molecular docking methods. Upon increasing the concentration of the biomolecules, the absorption maxima of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin are red shifted in the aqueous solutions whereas red or blue shift noticed in the fluorescence spectra. The negative free energy changes suggest that the interaction processes are spontaneous. Cyclic voltammetry results suggested that when the drug concentration is increased, the anodic electrode potential increased. Molecular docking results showed that hydrophobic forces, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonds played vital roles in the interaction drugs with biomolecules. The molecular docking calculation clarifies the binding mode and the binding sites are in good accordance with the experiment results.
Dissociation Constants of some Quinoline Derivatives in Mixed Solvent Mixture
Authors: Baluja Shipra
Published: December 2022

The dissociation constants of some derivatives of quinoline have been determined by Calvin Bjerrum pH titration method in DMF–water (60:40 v/v) mixture at 308.15 K. It is observed that dissociation constant depends on the substituents present in the compound.
Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy and Low-Frequency Raman Scattering of Crystalline and Glassy Pharmaceutical Indapamide
Authors: Kobayashi Yukiko , Shibata Tomohiko , Mori Tatsuya , Kojima Seiji
Published: December 2022

We performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and low-frequency Raman scattering on crystalline and glassy states of pharmaceutical indapamide (IND). We have determined the real and imaginary part of the complex dielectric constants and the imaginary part of the Raman susceptibility in the THz region. Several phonon peaks have been observed in the crystalline IND and the mutual exclusion principle of infrared and Raman spectroscopy holds in the measured frequency range. In a glassy state of IND, a broad absorption peak has been observed in both the THz and the Raman spectra with different spectral shape, and this disagreement indicates that the far-infrared and Raman light-vibration coupling constants are different in the glassy IND. A clear boson peak has been observed in the Raman spectra of the glassy IND at about 0.5 THz.
Perturbation due to a Circumbinary Disc around L4,5 in the Photogravitational Elliptic Restricted Three-Body Problem
Authors: Aishetu Umar , Salisu Kamfa A. , Umar Bashir
Published: December 2022

The motion is investigated of dust/gas particles in the elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) in which the less massive primary is an oblate spheroid and the more massive a luminous body surrounded by a circumbinary disk. The paper has investigated both analytically and numerically the effects of oblateness and radiation pressure of the primaries respectively together with the gravitational potential from a disk on the triangular equilibrium L4,5 of the system, all in the elliptic framework of the restricted problem of three bodies. The important result obtained therein is a move towards the line joining the primaries in the presence of any /all perturbation(s). A significant shift away from the origin as the radiation pressure factor decreases and oblateness of the smaller primary increase is also observed. It is also seen that, all aforementioned parameters in the region of stability have destabilizing tendencies resulting in a decrease in the size of the region of stability except the gravitational potential from the disc. The binary system Ruchbah in the constellation Cassiopeiae is an excellent model for the problem, using the analytic results obtained, the locations of the triangular points and the critical mass parameter are computed numerically.
The Effect of Cosmic Vacuum on the Properties of Scalar Field
Authors: Sabbar Ali Nadhim , Shikin G.N.
Published: December 2022

The thesis explains the effect of cosmic vacuum of gravitational field on properties of scalar field equation. In the space-time plane, the scalar field equation has periodic solution φx,y,z,t=Acos (kx±ωt).
Consideration the cosmic vacuum of gravitational field (using De Sitter metric in its synchronization time) the equation of scalar field will have accurate solution in form of Beseel function.
By using the asymptotic representation, the periodic solution (t→±∞) will vanish. The scalar field equation when t→+∞ will decrease regularly, and when t→-∞ it will increasing fluctuate.
Di-Stimuli Responsive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide-co-Diethylaminoethylmethacrylate) Copolymer: Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Aqueous Dispersion Properties
Authors: Islam Md. Shahidul , Ashaduzzaman Md
Published: December 2022

We report on the synthesis, characterization and aqueous dispersion properties of well-defined double hydrophilic copolymer with pH- and thermo-responsive segments via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-Diethylaminoethylmeth-acrylate), P(NIPAAm-co-DEAEMA), was prepared by ATRP using methyl-4-bromomethyl benzoate initiator. The product was characterized by proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The multi-responsive switching between unimer and two types of micellar aggregates were characterized by temperature-dependent dynamic light scattering (DLS). Self-assembles into two types spherical aggregates in 1 mg/mL (0.0315 mM) aqueous solution, depending on solution pH and temperatures were widely investigated. The result shows two types of aggregate with large (280 nm) aggregate and variable sizes of small (17 nm, 25 nm, 45 nm) aggregates depending on temperature ranges from 26 to 40 °C at pH 4.
Comparative Study of Nonlinear Semi-Organic Crystals: Glycine Sodium Nitrate
Authors: Gujarati Vivek P. , Deshpande M.P. , Patel Kamakshi , Chaki S.H.
Published: December 2022

Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) crystals were grown using slow evaporation technique at ambient temperature. Good quality crystals were obtained in the time interval of 5-6 weeks. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) and CHN analysis were carried out to check the purity of the grown crystals. Surface morphologies, smoothness and defects were observed by scanning electron microscope. GSN crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and indexing was done based on monoclinic system. UV-Vis study of the crystals showed that there is a wide range of transparency in the visible region. We also studied Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra of GSN crystals. The results and their implications are discussed in the paper in detail.
Spectral QSAR and QPR Study of some (E)-4-(((2-Hydroxy-6-(Substituted Phenyl)-1,6 Dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)Methyl)Diazenyl)Benzoic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Thirunarayanan Ganesamoorthy , Sekar K.G.
Published: December 2022

A series of titled compounds were synthesized and recorded the infrared and NMR spectra. The assigned spectral group frequencies were correlated with Hammett substituent constants, F and R parameter. From the statistical analysis results, the effect of substituents on the spectral group frequencies has been studied.
Characterization of Chemical Processes Involved in Ozone Depletion
Authors: Asira Enim Enim
Published: December 2022

The earth’s carrying capacity to support human life has been overstretched by increasing need to meet food requirements, consumption of resources; amount of waste generation and choice of technologies. These activities release into the atmosphere, chemical constituents of varied concentrations. When these chemicals enter into the atmosphere, they are subjected to various transformations that yield products or intermediates that tend to alter atmospheric chemical balance. In recent years, the global problem of ozone depletion has underscored the danger of overstepping earth’s ability to absorb waste products. This study therefore, focuses on the various chemical reactions involved in ozone depletion and the effects of ozone layer depletion on plant, animals, materials and climate.
Synthesis, Spectral Correlations and Antimicrobial Activities of some 2-Hydroxyphenyl-Styrylketone
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi K. , Mala V. , Suresh R. , Sakthinathan S.P. , Kamalakkannan D. , Ranganathan K. , Arulkumaran R. , Sundararajan R. , Vijayakumar S. , Vanangamudi Ganesan , Thirunarayanan Ganesamoorthy
Published: December 2022

Some 2’-hydroxyphenylchalcones have been synthesized under microwave irradiation by Claisen-Schmidt condensation between substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone and substituted benzaldehydes using catalytic amount of SiO2-H3PO4. These chalcones were established by their physical constants and spectroscopic data published earlier. The UV, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data of these chalcone have correlated with Hammett substituent constants, F and R parameters. All the compounds have been subjected to screened for antimicrobial activity.
Orientation of Buildings: Predictive Control Based on the Calculation of Temperature and Solar Direct Contribution
Authors: Hamdani M. , Bekkouche S.M.A. , Cherier M.K. , Benamrane N. , Benouaz T.
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study was to use simulation as a tool to establish a possible relationship between orientation and energy performance of conventional residential buildings in Ghardaia. The findings of this study, when integrated in our site, will help in the realisation of efficient and sustainable energy performance of our built environment.To illustrate the impact of the guidance on indoor air temperatures and solar gain of habitat has been studied for this type of climate (semi-arid). Along with this simulation using a TRNSYS (version16.1) was performed to validate the results of the field and to test several possibilities for guidance and improvements to determine the elements that can be used to better conditions.From these results, it appears that the north and south directions during this period are more favorable with a small advantage for the south orientation. This is explained by the amounts of daily radiation incident on the two facades that are not significantly different [1, 2].
Preparation of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals and Optical Characterisation
Authors: Goto Hiromasa
Published: December 2022

Synthesis of an ionic liquid crystal (1-(6-(4-(4-trans-pentyl-cyclohexyl)-phenoxy)-hexyl)pyridinium chloride) showing lyotropic smectic phase was carried out. A simple reaction between phenylcyclohexane-type liquid crystal having halogen atom in the terminal and pyridine allows production of the ionic liquid crystal. The NMR measurements confirm chemical structure of the compound. Observation with polarsing optical microscopy evaluated that the compound shows fine multi-domains having fluidity. The lyotropic LC thus prepared displays smectic phase with layer structure.
LPG Gas Sensing Performance of Nanostructured CdSnO3 Thin Films
Authors: Bari R.H. , Patil S.B. , Chaudhary R.T.
Published: December 2022

Nanostructured CdSnO3 thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The nanostructured CdSnO3 film showed selectivity for LPG gas over other conventional gases. The maximum LPG response of 1460 for the sample S2 at 350 °C was achieved. The quick response (TResponse = 5 s) and fast recovery (TRecovery = 11 s) are the main features of this film. Additionally, the stability of the prepared sensor has been studied. As prepared thin films were studied using XRD, FE-SEM, and EDAX to know crystal structure, surface morphology, and elemental composition, respectively. The results are discussed and interpreted.
Ultrasonic Speed, Density, Viscosity and Associated Acoustical Parameters of Chloroform Solutions of Symmetric Double Schiff Bases at 308.15K
Authors: Gangani B.J. , Parsania Parsotam H.
Published: December 2022

The density, viscosity and ultrasonic speed (2MHz) of chloroform and symmetric double Schiff bases have been investigated at 308.15K. Various acoustical parameters such as specific acoustical impedance (Z), adiabatic compressibility (Кa), Rao’s molarsound function (Rm), Vander Waals constant (b), internal pressure (π), free volume (Vf), intermolecular free path length (Lf), classical absorption coefficient (α/f2)Cl) and viscous relaxation time (τ) were determined using ultrasonic speed (U), viscosity (η) and density (ρ) data of Schiff bases solutions and correlated with concentration. Increasing linear or nonlinear trends of (Z, Rm, b, τ and (α/f2)Cl) and decreasing trend of Кa, Lf,, π and Vf with increasing concentration of Schiff bases suggested presence of strong molecular interactions in the solutions and solvophilic nature of the Schiff bases, which is further supported by the positive values of solvation number. The nature and position of substituent also affected the strength of molecular interactions.
Synthesis, Spectral Analysis and Evolution of Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Base of Cyanoacetohydrazide
Authors: Jadeja Juvansinh , Mamtora Mayank , Gondaliya Mitesh B. , Manawar Rohit , Shah Manish K.
Published: December 2022

In search of some antimicrobial agents, synthesis of some Schiff base of cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives has been reported. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were established on the bases of various spectroscopic methods. All Schiff base were screened for antimicrobial activity. cyanoacetohydrazide were found to possess better antimicrobial potential.
Salinity of the Southern Part of the State of the Baltic Sea (Area Międzyzdroje)
Authors: Daniszewski Piotr
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a study on the salinity of the Baltic Sea in Międzyzdroje. The study was conducted from February 2008 to September 2009 year. The highest concentration of [NaCl] in said month May 2009 was about 4.51 g/dm3, while the lowest occurred in the month February 2009 was about 3.45 g/dm3.
Relating Casimir to Magnetic Energies Results in Spatial Dimensions that Define Biology Systems
Authors: Persinger Michael A.
Published: December 2022

The volume-independence that occurs when Casimir and magnetic energies were equated wasemployed to solve for optimal spatial separations. For the magnetic moments of a proton and anelectron in the presence of a magnetic field strength that produced the energy associated with theneutral hydrogen line, the distances were 1 nm and 24 nm or the width of an ion channel in a plasmacell membrane and the average synaptic width, respectively. The small discrepancies in orbit-spinmagnetic moments of the electron with the magnetic moment of the proton emerged as relevant.Calculation of the radius in the bound (circular) system associated with the required magnetic fieldstrength for the ~3.41·10-27 A·m2 discrepancy solved as the Compton wavelength of the electron.Applications of the approach allowed quantitative convergence between universal photon densitieswithin 1 nm widths as well as integration of the energy from acceleration for estimated upper limits ofresting photon masses with Planck’s constant. The results suggest that the physical and chemicalproperties that define biological systems, particularly the brain, reflect astronomical principles.
Mass Spectrometry Based Analysis of Erythrocyte Membrane Associated Proteins in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kottahachchi D.U. , Ariyaratne T.R. , Jayasekera G.A.U.
Published: December 2022

The research reported in this paper was conducted to analyze erythrocyte membrane associated proteins (ERMBPs) of some of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and selected individuals of Sri Lanka employing one dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D-SDS-PAGE) combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF-MS). Erythrocyte membranes from blood were isolated by osmotic lysis, centrifugation and washings. ERMBPs were separated on 1D-SDS-PAGE, visualized by silver staining and the separated protein bands dissected out from the gel and were subjected to digestion by proteolytic enzyme, trypsin, and the resulting peptide mixture was analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Resulting experimental peptide mass values were analyzed by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) technique. From this analysis 10 ERMBPs including α and β spectrin, ankyrin, band 3, band 4.1, band 4.2, band 7, dematin, actin, 55 KDa erythrocyte membrane protein were identified accurately with their primary structure information. The study was able to provide some evidence for Cathepsin associated cleavage of Band 3 anion transport protein in CML patients reported previously. In addition we were able to detect changes in gel bands between healthy controls and CML patients around the area of 20 kDa in the 1 D-SDS-PAGE. It was identified as nuclear protein Dbf 4 related factor 1 isoform 2. Although erythrocytes are devoid of nuclei, such unexpected nuclear proteins have been identified in previous research. We were successful in identifying several human ERMBPs with available resources. As the identified proteins were known to be related to pathology of some of the hematological diseases, this methodology could be extended to detect the protein changes in erythrocyte membrane protein associated diseases. Therefore, this initial research would at some point lead to discovery of biomarkers to these hematological diseases in Sri Lanka.
New Segmentation Method for Analytical Recognition of Arabic Handwriting Using a Neural-Markovian Method
Authors: Fergani Khaoula , Bennia Abdelhak
Published: December 2022

A new hybrid system of off-line analytical recognition of Arabic handwriting combining a neural network type multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and hidden Markov models (HMM) is presented. We propose a way to cooperate HMM and MLP neural network in a probabilistic architecture taking advantage of both tools dedicated to the recognition of Arabic literal amounts. This description is based on statistical and structural characteristics extraction of the significant character of the handwritten Arabic words, which can be used in the MLP classification module to estimate probabilities used as the observations to perform a recognition by the HMM. The originality of our approach is based on the segmentation into characters taking into account diacritics with the characters that match them. The experiments show the convergence of the global system, even with a random initialization of the neural network. Keywords - Recognition of Arabic handwriting, hidden Markov models, fast K-means, Arabic literal amounts, multi-layer perceptron. * E-mail: khaoula_1190@hotmail.com
Codes and Analog Codes in Chemistry
Authors: Kurić Lutvo
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses cyberinformation studies of the chemical elements composition in nature, in particular the identification of scientific terminology that could describe this phenomenon, ie, the study of biochemical information, as well as the relationship between the digital language of chemical elements and theoretical aspects of this elements and cybernetics. In digital pictures of biochemistry, physical and chemical parameters are in a strict submission to programmed, cyber and information rules. In some examples, chemical elements are connected through the discrete code 931, which is transformed into 32 31 30 code
Performance Analysis of Traffic Congestion Using Designated Neural Network Training Algorithms
Authors: Odesanya Ituabhor , Odesanya Joseph Femi
Published: December 2022

A lot of neural network training algorithms on prediction exist and these algorithms are being used by researchers to solve evaluation, forecasting, clustering, function approximation etc. problems in traffic volume congestion. This study is aimed at analysing the performance of traffic congestion using some designated neural network training algorithms on traffic flow in some selected corridors within Akure, Ondo state, Nigeria. The selected corridors were Oba Adesida road, Oyemekun road and Oke Ijebu road all in Akure. The traffic flow data were collected manually with the help of field observers who monitored and record traffic movement along the corridors. To accomplish this, three common training algorithms were selected to train the traffic flow data. The data were trained using Bayesian Regularization (BR), Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithms. The outputs/performances of these training functions were evaluated by using the Mean Square Error (MSE) and Coefficient of Regression (R) to find the best training algorithms. The results show that, the Bayesian regularization algorithm, performs better with MSE of 2.37e-13 and R of 0.9999 than SCG and LM algorithms.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Malic Acid by N-Bromonicotinamide (NBN) in the Presence of a Micellar System
Authors: Pushpalatha L.
Published: December 2022

The oxidation of malic acid by N-bromonicotinamide in the presence of micellar system is studied. First order kinetics with respect to NBN is observed. The kinetics results indicate that the first order kinetics in hydroxy acid at lower concentrations tends towards a zero order at its higher concentrations. Inverse fractional order in [H+] and [nicotinamide] are noted throughout its tenfold variation. Variation of [Hg (OAc)2] and ionic strength of the medium do not bring about any significant change in the rate of reaction. Rate of the reaction increases with a decrease in the percentage of acetic acid. Decrease in the rate constant was observed with the increase in [SDS]. The values of rate constants observed at four different temperatures were utilized to calculate the activation parameters. A suitable mechanism consistent with the experimental findings has been proposed.
Planck Scale Potential Associated with Particles
Authors: Bulathsinghala D.L. , Wijewardena Gamalath K A I L
Published: December 2022

As the particles originating from point-like entities are associated with infinite self energies, a postulate, that the scalar-potential associated with particles are bounded by a Planck scale potential is introduced. By defining the self energy of a particle, equivalences between charge-energy and mass-energy are obtained. The electromagnetic energy-momentum equation, de-Broglie’s electromagnetic wave-length and frequency for a charge particle in motion are presented resolving the “4/3” discrepancy. The non-covariance nature of the present classical electrodynamics is discussed and how the proposed postulate makes it a fully covariant theorem with the rest of the classical electrodynamics is presented. A way electromagnetic energy-momentum equation could potentially resolve the stability-problem of a charge particle is discussed and thereby a theoretical explanation to electron’s spin is presented.
Digital Nuclear Shell Model
Authors: Kurić Lutvo
Published: December 2022

The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digitalnuclear shell model. The shell model is partly analogous to the atomic shell model which describes thearrangement of electrons in an atom, in that a filled shell results in greater stability. Whenadding nucleons to a nucleus, there are certain points where the binding energy of the next nucleon issignificantly less than the last one. Magic numbers of nucleons: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126 which aremore tightly bound than the next higher number, is the origin of the shell model. “In a threedimensionalharmonic oscillator the total degeneracy at level n is (n+1)(n+2)/2. Due to the spin, thedegeneracy is doubled and is (n+1)(n+2). Thus the magic numbers would be ∑kn=0(n+1)(n+2)=(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)/3 for all integer k. This gives the following magic numbers:2,8,20,40,70,112..., which agree with experiment only in the first three entries. These numbers aretwice the tetrahedral numbers (1,4,10,20,35,56...) from the Pascal Triangle”.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_shell_model. The digital mechanism of shell model have beenanalyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory,respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the newtechnologies in nuclear physics and chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology whichis based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practicalapplication of the new technology could be useful in physics, chemistry, bioinformatics, and othernatural sciences.
Structural and Optical Properties of (CdO)1-x(SnO2)x Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Hasan Nahida B. , Mohammed Ghusson H. , Abdul Majeed Mohammed A.
Published: December 2022

CdO thin films have been deposited at different concentration of SnO2 (x= (0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2)) Wt. % onto glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) using Nd-YAG laser with λ=1064nm, energy=600mJ and number of shots=500. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the deposited (CdO)1-x(SnO2)x thin films cubic structure and the grain size increase with increasing annealing temperature and increasing concentration of SnO2. The optical transition in the (CdO)1-x(SnO2)x thin films are observed to be allowed direct transition. The value of the optical energy gap decreases with increasing of annealing temperatures and increase with increasing concentration of SnO2 for all samples.
Steganography Based Human Skin Using Wavelet Transformation in RGB Image
Authors: Jamila Harbi S. , Zeyad Nabeel N.
Published: December 2022

Steganography is the art and science that enables you to hide the data in certain communication such as (video, Audio, and image). Here it doesn't scramble the data and send it, but we hide it using a color image to hide the data at the Human skin color and doing that using the cropping phrase to get the required area to hide data. In this paper, we will use the Wavelet and slant, let to process the hiding in the blue band of the RGB image and apply the DWT (discrete wavelet transformation) to get the decomposed bounds of the Cover image to use it to hide the data of the (stage) image.
Determination of the Dexlansoprazole in Bulk and Spiked Human Plasma by Extraction Spectrophotometry
Authors: Sekharan Chandra Bala , Rao M. Prasada , Mahesh M. , Chandramouli I. , Seemanth J.
Published: December 2022

This paper describes a simple extraction spectrophotometric method for the quantification of dexlansoprazole in bulk and spiked human plasma. This method involves formation of stable yellow colored chloroform extractable ion-pair complex of the amino derivative of dexlansoprazole with acid dye, namely methyl orange in acidic medium. The ion-pair complexes exhibit absorption maxima at 425 nm. Dexlansoprazole can be determined up to 4-40 μg/mL by the proposed method. The effect of optimum reagent concentration was studied. The relative standard deviations (≤1. 246%) obtained in the intra-day and inter-day analyses were found to be satisfactory. The accuracy results exhibited the mean recovery and percentage error in the range of 99.137%–100.574% and 0.012%–0.863%. When applied for the assay of the dexlansoprazole in spiked human plasma sample, recovery mean values ranged from 96.495–98.960%. The proposed method is useful for the estimation of the dexlansoprazole in bulk and human plasma samples.
Codes in the Atomic Weights of Chemical Elements
Authors: Kurić Lutvo
Published: December 2022

The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digital Periodic Table. The digital mechanism of this Table have been analyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory, respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the new technologies in chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology which is based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practical application of the new technology could be useful in chemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, bio-chemistry and other natural sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Substituted Bisbenzoxazine as Potent Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Lalcheta Kishor R. , Dhaduk Bhvin B. , Mendapara Jaymin P.
Published: December 2022

Bisbenoxazines derivatives were synthesized by refluxing substituted bisphenol-C, substituted aniline and formaldehyde in presence of 1,4-dioxane with good yields. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by mass, NMR and IR and also evaluated for antimicrobial activity against four different bacterial and two fungal strains. The compounds 1c, 1h, 1j and 1l has found comparatively good active against all the bacterial strains.
Determination of Metals in Sea Water of the Baltic Sea in Międzyzdroje
Authors: Daniszewski Piotr
Published: December 2022

The present research work deals with the quantification of toxic heavy metals in the water samples collected from sea water in Międzyzdroje. While the annual average concentration of Cadmium was calculated as 0.44 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.46 ppm in 2009 of the year. The values obtained were found to be below the permissible limit of 2.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Chromium was calculated as 2.67 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.64 ppm in 2009 of the year. Which was very much above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The observed annual average concentration of Copper in the water was 0.08 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was below the permissible limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Mercury was calculated as 0.05 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was very much above the maximum limit of 0.01 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Nickel in the water samples was observed to be 2.47 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.70 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is close to the limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Lead in the water samples was observed to be 0.06 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The results of the present investigation indicate that the annual average concentration of Zinc in water samples was 3.45 ppm in 2008 of the year and 3.73 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 5.0 ppm set for inland surface water.
Computational Study of some Double Headed Acyclo-C-Nucleosides
Authors: Amara Sarah , Tchouar Noureddine , Belaidi Salah
Published: December 2022

In the present paper we have a focus in a study of theoretical characterization of three double headed acyclo-C-nucleosides, which are a recent target of experimental studies. The structural and electronic properties of double headed acyclo-C-nucleosides, 1,4-bis (3-mercapto-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol, 1,4-bis (4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol and 5,5'-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutane-1,4-diyl) bis (1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione), have been investigated theoretically by performing semi-empirical molecular orbital, ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Geometries of the three molecules are optimized at the level of Austin Model 1 (AM1). The electronic properties and relative energies of the molecules have been calculated by HF and DFT in the ground state.
Influence of Irradiation on some Optical Properties of (CdO) Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Habubi Nadir Fadhil , Abrahim Buthainah Abdulmunem , Noore Eman Safaa
Published: December 2022

In this research, the irradiation influence on optical properties of Cadmium oxide thin films deposited on glass substrate via spray pyrolysis method were studied. The thickness of the prepared thin films were 400 and 500 nm respectively. The flow rate was 10 ml/min and the substrate temperature was held constant at 450°C. The thin films are irradiated with gamma ray from Cs-137 of energy 0.662 MeV, the irradiation time is two weeks. The optical absorption and transmission was studied by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The absorption coefficients increase after irradiation, while the optical band gaps for 400 nm (CdO) decrease after irradiation from 2.32 to 2.27 eV and for 500 nm (CdO) from 2.30 to 2.12 eV.
XRF Analysis of Aegle marmelos Leaves of Semi Arid Region of Kachchh
Authors: Ram Vijay R. , Ram Pravin N. , Khatri Taslimahemad T. , Dave Pragnesh N.
Published: December 2022

The objective of the present investigation was to study the chemical composition of leaves of Aegle marmelos is a species of tree native to India growing in semi-arid region of Kachchh district, Gujarat, India. The leaves of Aegle marmelos were subjected to Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and were analyzed for different mineral composition. As the X-ray Fluorescence is one of the most reliable and accurate, as well as it is also a consistent and non-destructive method for analysis of major and trace elements using a single pressed pellet. During the study it was found that Calcium, Chlorine, Potassium, Magnesium, Silicon, Sulfur, Aluminum, Phosphorus were noted in higher amounts, compared to that of other elements like Manganese, Iron, Nickel, Copper, Zink, Bromide, Rubidium, Strontium, Stannous, Lead, whereas the elements which were not detected in leaves of Aegle marmelos are Cobalt, Arsenic, Hafnium, Vanadium, Platinum, Titanium, Chromium and Tantalum.