bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pemberian Alopurinol terhadap Tekanan Darah Pasien Gagal Jantung
Authors: Wowor Ribka , Wantania Frans
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor of hypertension. Most of heart failure patients with uncontrolled hypertension had hyperuricemia. This study was aimed to determine the effect of allopurinol to blood pressure in heart failure patients. This was a clinical trial study with a control-non randomized design, performed on heart failure patients (40-74 years old). Wilcoxon Sign Rank was used to test the means of blood pressure difference between after and before the allopurinol treatment. The results showed that there were no significant differences in mean blood pressure between before and after allopurinol treatment (SBP, P=0.650; DBP, P=0.356). Conclusion: There was a decrease of blood pressure in heart failure patients after allopurinol treatment; albeit, it was not statistically significan.Keywords: allopurinol, blood pressure, heart failureAbstrak: Hiperurisemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko independen terhadap timbulnya hipertensi. Pasien gagal jantung dengan tekanan darah tidak terkontrol sering mengalami hiperurisemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian alopurinol terhadap tekanan darah pada pasien gagal jantung. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis terbuka tanpa randomisasi untuk meneliti pengaruh pemberian alopurinol pada terapi standar congestive heart failure (CHF). Beda rerata tekanan darah pre dan post diuji menggunakan Wilcoxon Sign Rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok alopurinol didapatkan penurunan tekanan darah sesudah pemberian alopurinol walaupun perbedaan rerata pre-post TDS (P=0,650) dan perbedaan rerata pre-post TDD tidak bermakna (P=0,356). Simpulan: Pasien CHF yang diberikan alopurinol mengalami penurunan tekanan darah walaupun secara statistik tidak bermaknaKata kunci: alopurinol, tekanan darah, gagal jantung
Herpes Zoster pada Anak – Laporan Kasus
Authors: Pandaleke Thigita A. , Pandaleke Herry E. J. , Susanti Ratna I. , Dotulong Julieta D. P.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Herpes zoster (HZ) is an acute vesicular eruption caused by latent varicella zoster virus (VVZ) reactivation in sensory ganglia after primary infection. Its incidence increases with age and it is rarely found in children. We reported a case of 10-year-old male with blisters on the right side of his stomach and back 3 days ago. The patient was suffered from fever, common cold, and cough a week before, and had a history of varicella at 5 years old. Dermatologic status showed multiple vesicles on erythematous base at the anterior dan posterior sides of his right lumbar region. The Tzank test showed multinucletaed giant cells. Acyclovir resulted in significant improvement after 7- day therapy. Conclusion: Diagnosis of herpes zoster was based on anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory findings. Antiviral drugs was aimed to reduce complications and viral shedding.Keywords: Herpes zoster, childAbstrak: Herpes zoster (HZ) merupakan erupsi vesikuler akut yang disebabkan oleh reaktivasi dari virus varisela zoster (VVZ) laten pada ganglia sensoris yang sebelumnya terpajan dengan infeksi primer varisela. Insiden HZ meningkat seiring pertambahan usia dan jarang ditemukan pada anak-anak. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang anak laki-laki, 10 tahun, dengan bintil-bintil berair di perut dan punggung sebelah kanan sejak 3 hari lalu. Riwayat demam, batuk dan pilek 1 minggu sebelum timbul lesi. Riwayat varisela pada usia 5 tahun. Status dermatologis ditemukan vesikel multipel berisi cairan jernih yang tersusun bergerombol di atas kulit yang eritema di regio lumbar dekstra anterior dan posterior. Tes Tzank memperlihatkan sel raksasa berinti banyak. Pasien diterapi dengan asiklovir oral selama 7 hari dan menunjukkan perbaikan yang bermakna. Simpulan: Anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang kasus ini khas untuk herpes zoster. Pemberian obat antiviral bertujuan untuk mengurangi komplikasi dan menurunkan viral shedding.Kata kunci: herpes zoster, anak
Krim Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus ) 10% Sama Efektifnya dengan Krim Hidrokuinon 4% dalam Mencegah Peningkatan Jumlah Melanin Kulit Marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B
Authors: Dumaria Corazon H. , Wiraguna A AGP , Pangkahila Wimpie
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study was aimed to prove that administration of 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB and to compare this effect with 4% hydroquinone cream. This was a true experimental study using post test only control group design. Subjects were devided into three groups; each of 10 guinea pigs. Group 1, the control group, was exposed to UVB and applied with basic cream. Group 2 was exposed to UVB and applied with 4% hydroquinone cream. Group 3 was exposed to UVB and applied with 10% redfruit extract cream. The total dose of UVB was 390 mJ/cm2 given for 2 weeks. The amount of melanin was calculated using the percentage of the pixel area of melanin and was compared with the pixel areas of all epidermal tissues. The results showed that the highest percentage of melanin area was in group 1 (19.78%±3.79%). The percentage of melanin area in group 3 was 1.25%±0.76% meanwhile in group 2 was 0.85%±0.37%. There were signi-ficant differences in melanin percentage between the control group and group 2 as well as group 3 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in melanin percentage between group 2 and group 3 (P >0.05). Conclusion: The 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB as effectively as the 4% hydroquinone cream.Keywords: redfruit extract cream, melanin, UVBAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek pemberian krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB dan perbandingannya dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari tiga kelompok dengan jumlah sampel 10 ekor marmut jantan tiap kelompok. Kelompok 1 yaitu kelompok kontrol, diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim dasar. Kelompok 2 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim hidrokuinon 4%. Kelompok 3 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim ekstrak buah merah 10%. Dosis total UVB yaitu 390 mJ/cm2 diberikan selama 2 minggu. Jumlah melanin dihitung dengan persentase pixel luas area melanin dibandingkan dengan pixel seluruh jaringan epidermis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah melanin tertinggi pada kelompok 1 (19,78± 3,79%) dan terendah pada kelompok 2 (0,85±0,37%), sedangkan jumlah melanin pada kelompok 3 di antara keduanya (1,25±0,76%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 2 dan 3 (P <0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 2 dan 3 dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin (P >0,05 ). Simpulan: Krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dapat mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB sama efektif dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%.Kata kunci: krim ekstrak buah merah, melanin, UVB
Hubungan Kadar Interleukin-10 Serum dan Kadar Leukosit Darah Perifer pada Pasien Cedera Otak Berat Akibat Trauma
Authors: Suyanto Edih , Prasetyo Eko , Oley Maximillian Ch.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study was aimed to prove that in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) there was an elevation in serum IL-10 level as well as in peripheral blood leukocyte level, and a correlation between both of them. This was an analytical correlational study. All patients had IL-10 level above normal value (18 pg/ml). There were three patients with normal blood leukocyte level. The correlation between IL-10 and blood leukocyte level was tested by using simple linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis which obtained r = 0.045 with a P of 0.426 (>0.05). These results indicated a positive relationship between IL-10 and leukocytes levels, but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Interleukin-10 was consistantly elevated following severe traumatic brain injury and was a better TBI biomarker than the peripheral leukocyte level.Keywords: IL-10, leukocytes, TBIAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pada cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) berat terdapat peningkatan kadar serum IL-10 dan kadar leukosit darah perifer serta korelasi antara keduanya. Jenis penelitian ini ialah analitik korelasional. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 20 pasien dengan COT berat berusia 16-65 tahun. Semua pasien memperlihatkan kadar Il-10 di atas nilai normal (18 pg/ml). Terdapat 3 pasien dengan kadar leukosit dalam batas normal Hubungan antara IL-10 dan leukosit diuji dengan analisis regresi linier sederhana dan analisis koefisien korelasi Pearson dan mendapatkan r = 0,045 dengan P = 0,426. Hasil ini menunjukkan hubungan positif antara IL-10 dan leukosit, tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik (P = 0,426 >0,05). Simpulan: IL-10 secara konsisten meningkat setelah COT dan sebagai biomarker COT yang lebih baik daripada leukosit perifer.Kata kunci: IL-10, leukosit, COT
Pemeriksaan Laboratorium sebagai Indikator Sepsis dan Syok Septik
Authors: Purwanto Diana S. , Astrawinata Dalima A.W.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The complexity of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of sepsis involves almost all types of cells, tissues, and organ systems. Therefore, there are numbers of laboratory tests that can be used as biomarkers of sepsis and septic shock. Some widely used biomarkers are divided into groups of bacterial products, acute phase proteins, tissue hypoperfusion, coagulation mediators, cell surfaces, and cytokines.Keywords: sepsis, septic shock, biomarkersAbstrak: Kompleksnya patogenesis dan patofisiologi sepsis melibatkan hampir semua jenis sel, jaringan, dan sistem organ. Oleh karena itu, terdapat banyak parameter laboratorik yang dapat dijadikan biomarker sepsis dan syok septik. Berbagai biomarker yang banyak digunakan terbagi dalam kelompokan produk bakteri, protein fase akut, hipoperfusi jaringan, mediator koagulasi, permukaan sel, dan sitokin.Kata kunci: sepsis, syok septik, biomarker
Neutrofil Darah Tepi pada Pasien Kanker Payudara Stadium Lanjut Sebelum dan Sesudah Dilakukan Tindakan
Authors: Asri Rizky , Pontoh Victor , Merung Marselus
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Worldwide, there were around 2.1 million breast cancer cases diagnosed in 2018. There was nearly 1 of 4 cancer cases among women with an incidence of 38,1 per 100.000 and mortality of 14,1 per 100.000. This study was aimed to determine whether there was a change in response score of systemic inflammation by using peripheral blood neutrophil level in female patients with advanced stage of breast cancer before and after treatment. This was an interventional analytical study with a cross sectional design, conducted at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. The results showed that there were 43 patients in the period of May 2018 to August 2018. The youngest age was 34 years and the oldest age was 70 years with a mean of 52.16 years (SD±10.002). The most frequent stage was III B (58.1%), followed by IIIC (25.6%), IIIA (11.6%), and IV (4.7%). Before treatment, the highest level of neutrophil was 55%, the lowest level was 12%, with a mean of 27.84% (SD±10.005). After treatment, the highest level of neutrophil was 45%, the lowest level was 11%, with a mean of 22.7% (SD±6.635). The paired-t test showed a very significant difference in peripheral blood neutrophil level between before and after treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant decrease of peripheral blood neutrophil level in breast cancer patients after treatment.Keywords: plasma neutrophil, advanced stage of breast cancerAbstrak: Di seluruh dunia, terdapat sekitar 2,1 juta kasus kanker payudara wanita yang didiagnosis pada tahun 2018, serta terhitung hampir 1 dari 4 kasus kanker di kalangan wanita dengan insidensi 38,1 per 100.000 dan kematian sebanyak 14,1 per 100.000. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menilai adanya perubahan skor respons peradangan sistemik dengan menggunakan kadar neutrofil darah tepi pada pasien kanker payudara stadium lanjut sebelum dan setelah terapi. Jenis penelitian ialah intervensional analitik dengan desain potong lintang, yang dilakukan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 43 pasien sejak Mei 2018 s/d Agustus 2018. Usia termuda 34 tahun dan usia tertua 70 tahun dengan rerata usia 52,16 tahun (SD±10,002). Stadium terbanyak ialah stadium IIIB (58,1%), diikuti stadium IIIC (25,6%), stadium IIIA (11,6%), dan stadium IV (4,7%). Sebelum dilakukan tindakan didapatkan kadar neutrofil tertinggi 55%, kadar terendah 12%, dan rerata 27,84% (SD±10,005). Setelah dilakukan tindakan didapatkan kadar neutrofil tertinggi 45%, terendah 11%, dan rerata 22,7% (SD±6,635). Hasil uji t berpasangan mendapatkan perbedaan yang sangat bermakna dari kadar neutrofil sebelum dan sesudah terapi (P<0,001). Simpulan: Terdapat penurunan bermakna dari kadar neutrofil darah tepi pada pasien kanker payudara setelah dilakukan tindakan.Kata kunci: neutrofil darah tepi, kanker payudara stadium lanjut
Osteomyelitis: A Literature Review
Authors: Rawung Rangga , Moningkey Chita
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Infeksi pada tulang dan sendi masih merupakan kasus yang menantang. Kondisi ini memberikan banyak penyulit baik kepada dokter maupun pasien. Meski terapi antibiotika dilaporkan memberikan hasil yang memuaskan pada banyak kasus infeksi, tidak demikian pada kasus infeksi tulang dan sendi. Hal ini berhubungan dengan struktur anatomi dan fisiologi dari tulang. Diperlukan sebuah strategi tata laksana yang baik untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal. Prinsip dasar yang utama dalam mencapai pengobatan yang optimal ialah penegakan diagnosis awal yang tepat, termasuk di dalamnya proses investigasi pemeriksaan mikrobiologi dan patologi. Diperlukan pengertian dasar serta pengenalan kembali anatomi, fisiologi, patofisiologi, dan tata laksana terkini tentang osteomielitis untuk mencapai tatalaksana yang optimal.Kata kunci: diagnosis dan tata laksana osteomielitisAbstract: Infection in bone and joint is still a challenging case. It gives a lot of problems and frustration to the physician and patient. The successful antibiotic therapy in most infectious diseases is abortive to achieve in bone and joint infections because the different characteristic in anatomy and physiology of these structures. Therefore, treatment strategy, including non operative and operative techniques is required to deal with such conditions. The basic principle to achieve a successful management of osteomyelitis in general is correct initial diagnosis including investigation for microbiological and pathological examinations to allow the proper and long term lasting therapy of antibiotic. For that reason, it is required to have the basic understanding in dealing with this issue, obvious and updated. It is commited to review the pathophysiology, the diagnosis, and the management of osteomyelitis in order to presents basic facilities in dealing with osteomyelitis.Keywords: osteomyelitis diagnosis and management
Penetrating Facial Injury by a Tree Branch: a Case Report
Authors: Tombeng Marthinson A. , Prasetyo Eko , Lumintang Nico A. , Oley Maximillian Ch.
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Cedera tembus wajah dapat berbahaya karena adanya struktur-struktur penting pada wajah yang membutuhkan penanganan dengan cepat dan tepat. Benda asing organik dapat menyebabkan risiko tinggi infeksi luka. Kami memresentasikan suatu kasus yang jarang ditemukan yaitu seorang laki-laki berusia 19 tahun dengan luka tembus wajah oleh patahan cabang pohon akibat kecelakaan sepeda motor. Panjang cabang pohon 25 cm dengan diameter sekitar 4 cm, menembus melalui sisi depan kanan wajah, tepat di samping hidung, dan menjorok keluar melalui sudut kanan mandibula. Evaluasi dan penatalaksanaan cedera tembus wajah dilakukan mengikuti protokol ATLS. Tujuan penatalaksanaan cedera tembus wajah ialah mengeluarkan benda asing dengan trauma minimal pada struktur berdekatan dan mempertahankan fungsi dan penampilan yang normal. Pasien ini menjalani operasi darurat untuk pengangkatan benda asing dan eksplorasi luka dengan anestesi umum. Evaluasi pasca operasi tidak mendapatkan adanya perdarahan maupun tanda-tanda infeksi. Defisit neurologik pada wajah kanan diterapi secara konservatif dengan terapi fisik dan pulih sepenuhnya satu tahun pasca kecelakaan.Kata kunci: luka tembus, trauma wajah, cabang pohonAbstract: Penetrating facial injury can be dangerous because of the presence of important structures in the face which requires immediate and proper management. Organic foreign bodies may cause a high risk of wound infection. We present a case of a 19-year-old male with an unusual penetrating facial injury by a broken tree branch due to a motorcycle accident. The length of the tree branch was 25 cm with a diameter of approximately 4 cm, penetrating through the right anterior side of his face, just lateral to the nose, and protruding through the right angle of the mandible. The evaluation and management of the penetrating facial injury were performed in accordance with the ATLS protocol. The aim of the penetrating facial injuries management is to remove foreign body with minimal trauma to adjacent structures and to maintain the normal function and appearance. The patient underwent emergency surgery for removal of the foreign body and wound exploration under general anesthesia. In postoperative evaluation, there was not any bleeding or signs of infection. The neurological deficit in the right face was managed conservatively with physical therapy and was fully recovered in 1 year after the accident.Keywords: penetrating wound, facial trauma, tree branch
PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Leman Michael A.
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Diabetes melitus banyak ditemukan di negara berkembang, dengan konsekuensi cukup seringnya pasien diabetes yang berkunjung ke tempat praktek dokter gigi. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang kompleks dengan berbagai tingkat komplikasi sistemik dan pada rongga mulut. Jaringan periodonsium juga merupakan sasaran kerusakan akibat penyakit diabetes melitus. Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, hubungan antara periodontitis dan diabetes melitus telah dikemukakan. Dengan demikian penanganan gigi dan mulut yang tepat pada pasien dengan riwayat diabetes mellitus perlu ditingkatkan.Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, penyakit periodontal, penanganan gigi dan mulut Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is pandemic in both developed and developing countries. As a consequence, diabetic patients are commonly encountered in the dental office. Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease with varying degrees of systemic and oral complications. The periodontium is also a target for diabetic damage. In recent years, a link between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus has been postulated; therefore, a proper dental management in diabetic patients has to be improved. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, periodontal disease, dental management
Pustulosis Eksantematosa Generalisata Akut
Authors: Pandaleke Thigita A. , Pandaleke Herry E. J.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare skin disorder commonly caused by drugs. Skin lesions can occur within 1-2 days after drug consumption in the form of sterile pustules on erythematous skin base and accompanied by fever. Mortality rate reaches 5%, especially in elderly patients who have significant comorbid factors. Etiopathogenesis is still unclear, presumed to be drugs (beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics), although it can also be caused by infection and hypersensitivity to mercury. Incidence of AGEP approximately 1-5 million cases per year. It can occur at all ages, and more common in females than in males. The typical clinical features are non-follicular pustules erupting on erythematous skin and fever. In most cases, the skin lesions begin from the face or intertriginous areas and then within a few hours the pustules will spread to the lower trunk and limbs, accompanied by mild burning and minimal itching complaints. Histopathology provides an overview of sub-corneal spongiform and or intraepidermal pustules which are often accompanied by edema of the dermal papilla and perivascular neutrophil infiltration along with exocytosis of eosinophils. The management of AGEP is to stop the suspected drugs, continued with symptomatic therapy. Prognosis PEGA is generally good, unless secondary infection is present.Keywords: AGEP, sterile pustulesAbstrak: Pustulosis eksantematosa generalisata akut (PEGA) merupakan kelainan kulit langka yang umumnya disebabkan oleh obat. Lesi kulit dapat timbul dalam 1-2 hari setelah mengonsumsi obat berupa pustul steril di atas dasar kulit yang eritematosa dan disertai dengan keluhan sistemik berupa demam. Angka kematian akibat PEGA mencapai 5% terutama pada pasien usia lanjut dengan faktor komorbid yang jelas. Etiopatogenesis PEGA belum jelas, diduga obat (antibiotik golongan beta laktam dan makrolid), meskipun juga dapat diakibatkan oleh infeksi dan hipersensitivitas terhadap merkuri. Insiden terjadinya PEGA kurang lebih 1-5 juta kasus pertahun, dapat terjadi pada semua usia, dan lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki. Gambaran klinis khas PEGA ialah pustul-pustul non-folikular yang timbul diatas kulit yang eritematosa dan disertai demam. Pada kebanyakan kasus keluhan kulit diawali dari area wajah atau lipatan kemudian dalam beberapa jam pustul akan menyebar ke trunkus dan ekstremitas bagian bawah, kadang disertai rasa terbakar ringan dan gatal minimal. Gambaran histopatologik menunjukkan pustul spongiformis subkorneal dan atau pustul intraepidermal disertai dengan edema pada papila dermis dan infiltrasi neutrofil perivaskular bersamaan dengan eksositosis eosinofil. Penatalaksanaan PEGA ialah menghentikan obat yang dicurigai, dilanjutkan dengan terapi simptomatik. Prognosis umumnya baik dan dapat sembuh sendiri, kecuali bila terdapat infeksi sekunder.Kata kunci: PEGA, pustul steril
Onikomikosis Kandida yang Diterapi dengan Itrakonazol Dosis Denyut
Authors: Mamuaja Enricco H. , Susanti Ratna I. , Suling Pieter L. , Kapantow Grace M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Candidiasis onychomycosis is a nail disorder caused by candida spp. as the most common cause in Indonesia. The first line therapy for this case is pulse dosing of itraconazole (2x200 mg/day for 7 days with 3-week interval); 2 pulse doses for finger nails and 3-4 pulse doses for toe nails. We reported a male of 60 years old with nail destruction and thickening of the thumb and ring finger of the right hand since six months ago. In the beginning, the nails appeared dull and then became yellowish, thickened, and brittled. Dermatology examination of the 1st and 4th finger of the right hand showed onycholysis, onychodistrophy, subungual hyperkeratosis, and yellowish discoloration. KOH 20% test found no long hypha with septa. Moreover, Gram staining showed no spora, budding cell, or pseudohypha. Repeated ten-day culture resulted in Candida parapsilosis. The treatment was succeded with two doses of itraconazole 2x200 mg for 7 days, with interval of 3 weeks. In this case, candidiasis onychomycosis was invasive in nails with onycholysis which looked like distal subungual onychomycosis. The growth of candida colony was fully spread in the Petri disk in 10 days, therefore, dermatophyte infection could not be excluded. Conclusion: Pulse therapy with two-dose itraconazole succedeed in the treatment of candidiasis onychomycosis of the finger nails.Kata kunci: candidiasis onychomycosis, Candida parapsilosis, itraconazole pulse therapyAbstrak: Onikomikosis kandida adalah kelainan kuku akibat infeksi candida spp. yang merupakan penyebab terbanyak di Indonesia. Penatalaksanaan utama ialah itrakonazol dosis denyut (2x200 mg/hari selama 7 hari, istirahat 3 minggu) sebanyak 2 denyut untuk kuku tangan dan 3-4 denyut untuk kuku kaki. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki 60 tahun dengan kerusakan dan penebalan kuku ibu jari dan jari manis tangan kanan sejak sekitar 6 bulan. Awalnya kuku berwarna putih suram kemudian berubah menjadi kekuningan, menebal dan rusak. Status dermatologikus memperlihatkan kuku jari I dan jari IV tangan kanan terdapat onikolisis, onikodistrofi, hiperkeratosis subungual, dan diskolorasi kekuningan. Pada pemeriksaan KOH 20% tidak ditemukan hifa panjang bersepta; pemeriksaan Gram tidak ditemukan spora, budding cell, dan pseudohifa. Hasil biakan berulang selama 10 hari ditemukan Candida parapsilosis. Terapi berhasil dengan pemberian itrakonazol 2x200 mg selama 7 hari, istirahat 3 minggu, sebanyak 2 denyut. Onikomikosis kandida pada kasus ini tergolong invasif pada kuku yang sudah onikolisis, menyerupai onikomikosis subungual distal. Pertumbuhan koloni kandida yang cepat memenuhi cawan menyebabkan lamanya kultur hanya 10 hari sehingga kemungkinan adanya infeksi dermatofita belum dapat disingkirkan. Simpulan: Terapi itrakonazol sebanyak 2 dosis denyut memperlihatkan keberhasilan pada onikomikosis candida di jari tangan.Kata kunci: onikomikosis kandida, Candida parapsilosis, itrakonazol dosis denyut
ANALISIS PENGARUH DANA ALOKASI KHUSUS, PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH, DANA ALOKASI UMUM DAN DANA BAGI HASIL TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMISKINANDI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Rasu Konny J.E , Kumenaung Anderson G. , Koleangan Rosalina A.M
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Kemiskinan adalah sebuah kondisi ketidakmampuan seseorang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasarseperti makanan, pakaian, tempat berlindung, dan kesehatan. Kondisi ketidakmampuan ini ditandai dengan rendahnya kemampuan pendapatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pokok baik berupa pangan, sandang, maupun papan. Kemampuan pendapatan yang rendah ini juga akan berdampak berkurangnya kemampuan untuk memenuhi standar hidup rata-rata seperti standar kesehatan masyarakat dan standar pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh PAD, DAU, DAK dan DBH terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Kota Manado.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pendapatan Asli Daerah berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan artinya jika pendapatan asli daerah meningkat, tingkat kemiskinan akan mengalami penurunan.  Dana Alokasi Umum berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kemiskinan artinya apabila dana lokasi umum meningkat maka tingkat kemiskinan akan mengalami peningkatan akan tetapi tidak signifikan. Dana Alokasi Khusus berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kemiskinan artinya apabila dana lokasi khusus meningkat maka tingkat kemiskinan akan mengalami peningkatan akan tetapi tidak signifikan. Dana Bagi Hasil berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kemiskinan artinya apabila dana bagi hasil meningkat akan menurun angka kemiskinan. Kata Kunci: PAD, DAU, DAK, DBH dan Tingkat Kemiskinan  ABSTRACT Poverty is a condition of one's inability to fulfill basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, and health. This condition of incompetence is characterized by the low ability of income to fulfill basic needs in the form of food, clothing and shelter. This low income capability will also reduce the ability to meet average living standards such as public health standards and education standards. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the influence of PAD, DAU, DAK and DBH on the City Poverty Rate Manado.The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results of the study show that the Local Original Income has a negative and significant effect on the poverty level, which means that if the regional income increases, the poverty rate will decrease. The General Allocation Fund has a positive and not significant effect on poverty, meaning that if the general location funds increase, the poverty rate will increase but not significantly. The Special Allocation Fund has a positive and insignificant effect on poverty, meaning that if special location funds increase, the poverty rate will increase but not significantly. Profit Sharing funds have a negative and not significant effect on poverty, meaning that if the profit sharing funds increase, poverty will decrease. Keywords: PAD, DAU, DAK DBH and Poverty
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN UNIVERSTIAS SAM RATULANGI MANADO DI ERA BADAN LAYANAN UMUM
Authors: Sumendap Steven S.F , Koleangan Rosalina A.M. , Rotinsulu Tri Oldy
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Universitas adalah suatu institusi pendidikan tinggi dan penelitian yang memberikan gelar akademik dalam berbagai bidang. Sebuah universitas menyediakan pendidikan sarjana dan pascasarjana. Universitas Sam Ratulangi (Unsrat) Manado resmi berubah statusnya menjadi instansi pemerintah dengan Pengelolaan Keuangan Badan Layanan Umum (PK BLU). Pengelolaan Keuangan BLU dapat diterapkan oleh setiap instansi pemerintah yang secara fungsional menyelenggarakan kegiatan yang bersifat operasional. Instansi dimaksud dapat berasal dari dan berkedudukan pada berbagai jenjang eselon atau non eselon pada kementerian/lembaga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah pengelolaan keuangan unsrat di era BLU dan untuk mengetahui strategi yang tepat untuk pengelolaan keuangan unsrat di era BLU. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian Deskriptif. Untuk menganalisis strategi yang digunakan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Jenis penerimaan Unsrat setelah menjadi BLU terdiri dari Pendapatan Jasa Pelayanan Pendidikan dan Pendapatan, (2) Jenis penerimaan Unsrat tahun 2018 lebih besar dari penggunaan anggaran dalam bentuk belanja dan (3) strategi yang tepat digunakan adalah Strategi Ekspansi dan Strategi efektifitas  Kata kunci: strategi, pengelolaan keuangan, analisis SWOT, BLU  ABSTRACT The University is an institution of higher education and research that provides academic degrees in various fields. A university provides undergraduate and postgraduate education. Sam Ratulangi University (Unsrat) Manado officially changed its status to a government institution with the Public Service Agency Financial Management (PK BLU). BLU Financial Management can be implemented by any government institution that functions functionally in activities that have operational functions. Related institutions can be selected from and domiciled at various echelon or non echelon levels in ministries / institutions. The purpose of this study was to find out how to manage the financial assets of the BLU era and to find out the right strategies for managing financial institutions in the BLU era. Research uses descriptive research. To analyze the strategies used using the SWOT analysis. The results showed that: (1) the type of Unsrat acceptance after becoming a BLU consisted of Education Service Revenues and Revenues, (2) the type of Unsrat receipts in 2018 was greater than the use of the budget in the form of expenditure and (3) effectiveness strategies Keywords: strategy, financial management, SWOT analysis, BLU
Atık yapan sığırlarda Anti-Neospora caninum antikorlarının yaygınlığının araştırılması
Authors: EROL Ufuk , DANYER Erdem , TUNCER Selim , KORKMAZ Çağla , DENİZ Ahmet
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırma sığırların önemli protozoal
atık etkenlerinden olan Neospora caninum’un
atık yapan sığırlardaki yaygınlığının araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu
amaçla atık geçmişi ile Veteriner Kontrol Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü
Müdürlüğü’ne 25 ilden gönderilen 986 sığır kan serumu N. caninum antikorları yönünden compatative ELISA (c-ELISA) ile
taranmıştır ve örneklerde %32,35 oranında N.
caninum antikoru tespit edilmiştir. Sığır çiftliklerinde N. caninum kaynaklı enfeksiyonlarda
atıklara ilave olarak süt verimlerinde azalmaya, döl tutma problemine bağlı
olarak erken damızlıktan çıkarmaya ve persiste enfekte buzağıların doğmasına
neden olarak ciddi ekonomik kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada atık yapan
sığırlarda %32,35 oranında N. caninum
tespit edilmesi etkenin sığır atıklarında göz ardı edilmemesi gerektiğini
ortaya koymaktadır.
Sığır, Koyun ve Keçilerin Bovine Parainfluenza 3 Virus Enfeksiyonuna Duyarlılıklarının Saha Şartlarında Serolojik Olarak Karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜR Sibel
Published: July 2019

Sığır Parainfluenza tip 3 virusu (BPI3V), tüm ruminantlarda özellikle sığırlarda solunum bozukluklarına neden olan en önemli etkenler arasındadır. Koyun, keçi ve sığırların bu enfeksiyona duyarlılık seviyelerini karşılaştırmak için aynı çiftlik koşullarında en az bir yıl veya daha fazla bir süredir birlikte yetiştirilen hayvanlardan kan örnekleri alındı. Örnekler Kütahya, Manisa ve Afyonkarahisar illerindeki 12 küçük-orta ölçekli özel çiftliklerden elde edildi. 117 sığır, 432 koyun ve 302 keçinin serumları BPI3V için Serum Nötralizasyon Testi ile incelendi. Test sonuçlarına göre, seropo-zitiflik sığır, koyun ve keçilerde sırasıyla%76.9, %21.9 ve %27.8 olarak belirlendi. Antikor titrelerinin geometrik orta-laması sığırlarda 1:28, koyunlarda 1:10.9 ve keçilerde 1:10 idi. Enfeksiyona maruz kalmanın tüm türlerde, özellikle de sığırlarda yaygın olduğu bulundu. Koyun ve keçilerin duyarlılığı neredeyse aynıydı ancak sığırlardan daha azdı. Sonuç olarak, koyun ve keçilerin sığırlar için rezervuar konakçı olamayacağı, ancak sığırların bu diğer iki tür için daha yüksek risk potansiyeline sahip olabileceği belirlendi. 
Şanlıurfa’da Yerleşik Damızlık Atlarda Batı Nil Virüsü (BNV) Enfeksiyonu’nun Serolojik ve Virolojik Olarak Araştırılması
Authors: DUYUM Rahime Adalet , KARAOĞLU Taner
Published: July 2019

Batı Nil Virüsü (BNV) Flaviviridae ailesine mensup olup artopodlarla bulaşan, insanlar, atlar, kuşlar ve çeşitli vahşi hayvanlarda ensefalit vakası ile seyredebilen ve salgınlara sebep olabilen bir zoonoz hastalık etkenidir. BNV’nin doğal vektörü Culex ve Aedes cinsi sivrisinekler olup, bu artropodlar ile yabani kuşlar arasında önemli bir bulaşma zinciri mevcuttur. BNV’nin enfeksiyon spektrumunda at, insan, köpek, koyun gibi memeli hayvanlar ile tavuk gibi evcil kanatlı hayvanlar da bulunabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Şanlıurfa’da yerleşik damızlık atlarda Batı Nil virüsü enfeksi-yonunun serolojik (ELISA ve PRNT) ve virolojik (Real Time RT-PCR) olarak araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla Şanlıurfa ilinde 10 farklı merkezde bulunan toplam 277 damızlık attan alınan kan serumu örnekleri kullanıldı. Örnekler öncelikle BNV Ab ELISA testine tabi tutularak antikor varlığı açısından değerlendirildi. Örneklerden 42 adedi (%15.16) seropozitif, 16 adedi (%5.77) şüpheli, 219 adedi (%79.06) seronegatif olarak değerlendirildi. Mevcut seropozitif ve şüp-heli örnekler PRNT’ye tabi tutuldu. Söz konusu 42 seropozitif örnekten 11 adedi (%26.19)’nin spesifik Batı Nil virüs antikoru taşıdığı tespit edildi. Şüpheli örneklerin hiçbirinde PRNT seropozitifliğine rastlanmadı. Örneklenen 277 damız-lık atın 11 adedinde (%3.97) spesifik Batı Nil virüs antikoru saptandı. BNV Ab ELISA testi ile seropozitif olarak tespit edilen 42 örnek ile 16 adet şüpheli örneğin hiçbirisinde Real Time Revers Transkriptaz-Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (rtRT-PCR) ile viral RNA saptanamadı. 
Transient and intermediate carbocations in ruthenium tetroxide oxidation of saturated rings
Authors: Pedrón Manuel , Legnani Laura , Chiacchio Maria-Assunta , Caramella Pierluigi , Tejero Tomás , Merino Pedro
Published: July 2019

The ruthenium tetroxide-mediated oxidation of cyclopentane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene and N-substituted pyrrolidines has been studied computationally by DFT and topological (analysis of the electron localization function, ELF) methods. In agreement with experimental observations and previous DFT calculations, the rate-limiting step of the reaction takes place through a highly asynchronous (3 + 2) concerted cycloaddition through a single transition structure (one kinetic step). The ELF analysis identifies the reaction as a typical one-step-two-stages process and corroborates the existence of a transient carbocation. In the case of pyrrolidines, the carbocation is completely stabilized as an energy minimum in the form of an iminium ion and the reaction takes place in two steps.
Development of a New Am–Genome‐Specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Marker Set for the Molecular Characterization of Wheat–Triticum monococcumIntrogression Lines
Authors: Cseh Andras , Megyeri Maria , Yang Caiyun , Hubbart‐Edwards Stella , Scholefield Duncan , Ashling Stephen S. , King Ian P. , King Julie , Grewal Surbhi
Published: July 2019

Core Ideas

We identified 1247 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms betweenTriticum monococcumand wheat.

We identified 191 markers validated across all seven chromosomes ofT. monococcum.

Detected aT. monococcumintrogression in leaf‐rust‐resistant lines.

Cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcumL. subsp.monococcum,2n= 2x= 14, AmAm) and its wild relativeT. monococcumsubsp.aegilopoidesare important sources of economically useful genes that can be exploited for wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) breeding. Einkorn has excellent resistance to fungal diseases and gene transfer is relatively simple via standard breeding methods. To fulfill the growing demand by modern prebreeding programs for a cost‐effective high‐throughput procedure for accurately detecting introgressed chromosomes or chromosome segments fromT. monococcuminto wheat, we used the Axiom Wheat‐Relative Genotyping Array and developed a set of Amgenome‐specific exome‐based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers suitable for rapid identification ofT. monococcumchromatin in a wheat background. We identified 1247 polymorphic SNPs betweenT. monococcumand wheat. We identified 191 markers across all seven chromosomes ofT. monococcumthat are also present on an existingTriticum urartuThum. ex Gandil. genetic map and potentially ordered them on the basis of the high macrocollinearity and conservation of marker order betweenT. monococcumandT. urartu.The marker set has been tested on leaf‐rust‐resistant BC3F4progenies of wheat–T. monococcumhybrids. Two markers (AX‐94492165, AX‐95073542) placed on the distal end of the chromosome arm 7AL detected aT. monococcumintrogression into wheat. The SNP marker set thus proved highly effective in the identification ofT. monococcumchromatin in a wheat background, offering a reliable method for screening and selecting wheat–T. monococcumintrogression lines, a procedure that could significantly speed up prebreeding programs.
Effective Temperatures of Low-mass Stars from High-resolution H-band Spectroscopy
Authors: López-Valdivia Ricardo , Mace Gregory N. , Sokal Kimberly R. , Hussaini Maryam , Kidder Benjamin T. , Mann Andrew W. , Gosnell Natalie M. , Oh Heeyoung , Kesseli Aurora Y. , Muirhead Philip S. , Johns-Krull Christopher M. , Jaffe Daniel T.
Published: July 2019

High-resolution, near-infrared spectra will be the primary tool for finding and characterizing Earth-like planets around low-mass stars. Yet, the properties of exoplanets cannot be precisely determined without accurate and precise measurements of the host star. Spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer simultaneously provide diagnostics for most stellar parameters, but the first step in any analysis is the determination of the effective temperature. Here we report the calibration of high-resolution H-band spectra to accurately determine the effective temperature for stars between 4000 and 3000 K (∼K8–M5) using absorption line-depths of Fe i, OH, and Al i. The field star sample used here contains 254 K and M stars with temperatures derived using BT-Settl synthetic spectra. We use 106 stars with precise temperatures in the literature to calibrate our method, with typical errors of about 140 K, and systematic uncertainties less than ∼120 K. For the broadest applicability, we present T
eff–line-depth-ratio relationships, which we test on 12 members of the TW Hydrae Association and at spectral resolving powers between ∼10,000 and 120,000. These ratios offer a simple but accurate measure of effective temperatures in cool stars that are distance and reddening independent.
Implications of the Mass M⊙ of PSR J0740+6620 on the Equation of State of Super-dense Neutron-rich Nuclear Matter
Authors: Zhang Nai-Bo , Li Bao-An
Published: July 2019

We study the implications of the very recently reported mass

M
⊙ of PSR J0740+6620 on the equation of state (EOS) of super-dense neutron-rich nuclear matter with respect to existing constraints on the EOS based on the mass M = 2.01 ± 0.04 M
⊙ of PSR J0348+0432, the maximum tidal deformability of GW170817, and earlier results of various terrestrial nuclear laboratory experiments. The lower limit of the skewness J
0 measuring the stiffness of super-dense isospin-symmetric nuclear matter is raised from about −220 MeV to −150 MeV, significantly reducing its current uncertainty range. The lower bound of the high-density symmetry energy also increases appreciably leading to a rise of the minimum proton fraction in neutron stars at β-equilibrium from about 0% to 5% around three times the saturation density of nuclear matter. The difficulties for some of the most widely used and previously well tested model EOSs to simultaneously predict both a maximum mass higher than 2.17 M
⊙ and a pressure consistent with that extracted from GW170817 present some interesting new challenges for nuclear theories.
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CO(J = 3 – 2) Mapping and Lens Modeling of an ACT-selected Dusty Star-forming Galaxy
Authors: Rivera Jesus , Baker Andrew J. , Gallardo Patricio A. , Gralla Megan B. , Harris Andrew I. , Huffenberger Kevin M. , Hughes John P. , Keeton Charles R. , López-Caraballo Carlos H. , Marriage Tobias A. , Partridge Bruce , Sievers Jonathan L. , Tagore Amitpal S. , Walter Fabian , Weiß Axel , Wollack Edward J.
Published: July 2019

We report Northern Extended Millimeter Array CO(J = 3 − 2) observations of the dusty star-forming galaxy ACT-S J020941+001557 at z = 2.5528, which was detected as an unresolved source in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) equatorial survey. Our spatially resolved spectral line data support the derivation of a gravitational lens model from 37 independent velocity channel maps using a pixel-based algorithm, from which we infer a velocity-dependent magnification factor μ ≈ 7–22 with a luminosity-weighted mean

. The resulting source-plane reconstruction is consistent with a rotating disk, although other scenarios cannot be ruled out by our data. After correction for lensing, we derive a line luminosity

, a cold gas mass

, a dynamical mass

, and a gas mass fraction

. The line brightness temperature ratio of r
3,1 ≈ 1.6 relative to a Green Bank Telescope CO(J = 1 − 0) detection may be elevated by a combination of external heating of molecular clouds, differential lensing, and/or pointing errors.
How is the anchialine fauna distributed within a cave? A study of the Ox Bel Ha System, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Authors: Benítez Sergio , Illife Thomas M. , Quiroz-Martínez Benjamín , Alvarez Fernando
Published: July 2019

A study describing the diversity and distribution pattern of the stygobitic fauna in the Ox Bel Ha anchialine cave system adjacent to the Caribbean coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico is presented. A total of 15 species of crustaceans were collected in three surveys at four points situated along a 10.2 km transect perpendicular to the coast line. A freshwater mass dominated throughout the transect with a halocline that appeared progressively deeper, from 10 to 18 m, with increasing distance from the coast. All the recorded species, except for one, occurred throughout the transect with no defined pattern. Abundance and species richness did not vary significantly with distance from the coast, whereas diversity (H’) peaked in the second sampling site at 3.17 km from the coast. As expected, most of the organisms occurred only in the freshwater layer, except for the remipede Xibalbanustulumensis (Yager, 1987) that was found always at or below the halocline, and five other species that were found above and below the halocline. In the horizontal scale, species composition and occurrence mixed without a defined pattern, both, for sampling dates and sites. The results show that the analyzed fauna is distributed throughout the 10.2 km transect without showing any defined horizontal zonation pointing to a high connectivity among all sections. Due to the high connectivity within the caves in the area, it is expected that significant variation in species composition and distribution will be found at a larger regional scale.
Rainforest and cloud forest Scolytodes (Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Hexacolini) from the Arthropods of La Selva inventory in Costa Rica: new species, new synonymy, new records
Authors: Jordal Bjarte H. , Kirkendall Lawrence R.
Published: July 2019

Quantitative collecting efforts over the last several decades in Costa Rica have resulted in many new species of insects. The Arthropods of La Selva projects included collecting from a typical lowland Neotropical forest and up an altitudinal transect, and has provided many valuable samples of insects, spiders and mites potentially new to science. We describe 18 new species in the bark beetle genusScolytodesFerrari, 1867, 14 of which were collected during this project:S.angulusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.sufflatusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.squamatifronsJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.comosusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.spatulatusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.seriatusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.profundusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.catinusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.fimbriatusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.sulcifronsJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.planifronsJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.porosusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.mundusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.callosusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.parvipilusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.plenusJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.,S.nigerJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov., andS.simplexJordal & Kirkendall,sp. nov.One species,ScolytodesminutissimusSchedl, 1952, is redescribed to match the holotype. We give new Costa Rica records forS.costabilisWood, 1974, which is the correct name forS.obesusWood, 1975 (syn. nov.). We report Costa Rica as a new country record for six species:ScolytodesclusiacolensWood, 1967,S.crinalisWood, 1978,S.culcitatus(Blandford, 1897),S.libidusWood, 1978,S.reticulatus(Wood, 1961), andS.spadix(Blackman, 1943). From a closely related genus, we provide the first record for Central America (and only the second collection) ofPycnarthrumfulgidumWood, 1977.
Price expectations in neo-Walrasian equilibrium models: Assessing the developments of Hicks’s standpoint
Authors: Fratini Saverio M. , Levrero Enrico Sergio , Ravagnani Fabio
Published: July 2019

Depuis la fin des années soixante, la recherche en théorie de l’équilibre général est centrée sur les économies où les marchés au comptant de marchandises coexistent avec des marchés d’actifs et où les échanges suivent une logique séquentielle. L’étude des « économies séquentielles » s’est développée en suivant deux voies inspirées de Value and Capital de Hicks, mettant en évidence la dépendance des choix des agents à leurs anticipations de prix futurs. La première est la théorie de l’équilibre temporaire, dans laquelle les anticipations sont subjectives. La seconde suppose que tous les agents anticipent parfaitement les prix futurs (économies séquentielles avec anticipation parfaite). Cet article souligne que l’inclusion des anticipations parmi les déterminants de l’équilibre pose des problèmes analytiques importants dans les deux approches mentionnées. D’abord, sur la base des études des années 1970 et 1980, nous discuterons les difficultés de la théorie de l’équilibre temporaire dues à la nature subjective des anticipations individuelles. Nous examinerons ensuite les économies séquentielles avec anticipation parfaite. Après avoir illustré la notion d’équilibre sur laquelle repose l’analyse de ces économies, à savoir « l’équilibre des plans, des prix et des anticipations de prix » introduit par Radner [1972], nous démontrons, à la lumière des contributions ultérieures dans ce domaine, que, pour des configurations plausibles de l’économie, la prévision parfaite associée aux équilibres de Radner est théoriquement contestable. JEL Classification: B21; D46; D51; D84