bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nicht replizieren: publizieren!?
Authors: Rost Detlef H. , Bienefeld Marc
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung. In der (Pädagogischen) Psychologie sind Replikationsstudien bislang extrem seltene Ausnahmen. Dieser Artikel legt dar, dass und warum Wiederholungsstudien unentbehrlich sind. Weiterhin wird der Frage nachgegangen, warum – trotz des enormen Mehrwerts – nahezu keine Replikationen publiziert werden und warum viele „Ergebnisse“ der psychologischen Forschung nicht replizierbar sind. Dass es sich bei diesen Sachverhalten nicht um Vermutungen handelt, wird durch vorliegende Untersuchungen belegt. Die Ursachen dafür liegen in verschiedenen – teilweise voneinander abhängigen – Ebenen des Wissenschaftssystems: die verbreitete – aber abwegige – Ansicht, „statistische Signifikanz“ indiziere auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit, einen Befund replizieren zu können; die Verwechslung von „statistisch signifikant“ mit relevant; die Unsitte, getestete Untersuchungshypothesen erst im Nachhinein (ex post), also in Kenntnis der Resultate einer Studie, aufgestellt zu haben, aber in der Publikation als theoretisch abgeleiteten Ausgangspunkt (d. h. a priori formuliert) auszugeben; die α-Fehler-Inflationierung durch multiple statistische Signifikanztestungen; das exklusive Berichten von Ergebnissen, welche die Forschungshypothesen stützen, verbunden mit dem Unterschlagen abweichender Befunde; mangelnde Konstruktvalidität der verwendeten Messinstrumente; Lug und Betrug in der Wissenschaft; die Geringschätzung von Replikationen durch Zeitschriftenherausgeber, Gutachter und Drittmittelgeber. All das führt dazu, dass fast ausschließlich „statistisch signifikante“ und „neue“ Ergebnisse veröffentlicht werden und falsche Theorien persistieren. Als Gegenmaßnahmen werden beispielhaft genannt: eine großzügige finanzielle Förderung von Replikationsprojekten und ihrer Publikation; die nachdrückliche gutachterliche Befürwortung der Veröffentlichung methodisch adäquater Wiederholungsstudien; die Bereitschaft von Fachzeitschriften, dafür genug Platz bereitzustellen; die Anerkennung des großen wissenschaftlichen Werts von Wiederholungsstudien, auch in Berufungsverfahren. Daraus ergibt sich, dass mit den aufgezeigten Möglichkeiten und Forderungen zur Etablierung und Förderung von Replikationsstudien unterschiedliche Adressaten parallel angesprochen werden müssen. Nachhaltige Veränderungen sind allerdings nur erreichbar, wenn die einzelnen Akteure (Forscher; Gutachter; Zeitschriftenherausgeber; Berufungskommissionen; Drittmittelgeber) ihre individuelle Verantwortung anerkennen und entsprechende Taten folgen lassen.
New Insight Into a Volcanic System: Analogue Investigation of Bubble‐Driven Deformation in an Elastic Conduit
Authors: Manta Fabio , Emadzadeh Adel , Taisne Benoit
Published: October 2019

Analogue and numerical simulations have been widely used to describe the mechanisms of bubble and slug ascent during volcanic eruptions as well as their formation and explosion mechanisms. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanical interaction between the fluid and the surrounding medium. In this work, we report the results from analogue experiments designed to show how deformation of the conduit walls induced by the rising slugs is related to the radiation and propagation of seismic and geodetic signals. For the first time, we investigate the dynamics of bubbles in an elastic conduit unveiling the relationship between slugs and crustal strain accumulation around the conduit. Moreover, we discuss the retroactive effects of the deformed conduit wall on the dynamics of a rising slug, particularly, how the flow is affected, and the eventual implications on the intensity of the eruption. Our results show that the combination of an elastic conduit with a large volume of gas may lead to the development of a new type of slug, here defined as a “super slug,” characterized by tapering towards the tail and a much higher ascent velocity and inner pressure compared with ordinary slugs. This newly observed behavior could be linked to vigorous explosive events.
Seafloor Geodesy in Shallow Water With GPS on an Anchored Spar Buoy
Authors: Xie Surui , Law Jason , Russell Randy , Dixon Timothy H. , Lembke Chad , Malservisi Rocco , Rodgers Mel , Iannaccone Giovanni , Guardato Sergio , Naar David F. , Calore Daniele , Fraticelli Nicola , Brizzolara Jennifer , Gray John W. , Hommeyer Matt , Chen Jing
Published: October 2019

Measuring seafloor motion in shallow coastal water is challenging due to strong and highly variable oceanographic effects. Such measurements are potentially useful for monitoring near‐shore coastal subsidence, subsidence due to petroleum withdrawal, strain accumulation/release processes in subduction zones and submerged volcanoes, and certain freshwater applications, such as volcano deformation in caldera‐hosted lakes. We have developed a seafloor geodesy system for this environment based on an anchored spar buoy topped by high‐precision GPS. Orientation of the buoy is measured using a digital compass that provides heading, pitch, and roll information. The combined orientation and GPS tracking data are used to recover the three‐dimensional position of the seafloor marker (anchor). A test system has been deployed in Tampa Bay, Florida, for over 1 year and has weathered several major storms without incident. Even in the presence of strong tidal currents which can deflect the top of the buoy several meters from vertical, daily repeatability in the corrected three‐component position estimates for the anchor is 1–2 cm or better.
Emergent Relationships Among Sea Ice, Longwave Radiation, and the Beaufort High Circulation Exposed Through Parameter Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Urrego‐Blanco Jorge R. , Hunke Elizabeth C. , Urban Nathan
Published: October 2019

Using a perturbed parameter ensemble of a coupled climate model, emerging relationships are identified between sea ice area, net surface longwave radiation, and the atmospheric circulation over the Beaufort gyre. There is a strong positive correlation between sea ice area and the net longwave radiation over the ocean‐ice surface during the melting season and a negative correlation during the freezing season. The mechanisms responsible for the longwave radiation balance at the surface are mainly driven by sea ice variations in the freezing season and by clouds in the melting season. A strong positive (negative) correlation is also found between the fall (summer) total sea ice area in the Arctic and the sea level pressure over the Beaufort High region. It is argued that as sea ice coverage is lost, static stability losses are severe in fall, resulting in enhanced evaporation, vertical motions, and weakening of the general large‐scale anticyclonic circulation of the Beaufort High.
Sedimentary Record of Arc‐Continent Collision Along Mesozoic SW North America (Siuna Belt, Nicaragua)
Authors: Andjić Goran , Escuder‐Viruete Javier , Baumgartner‐Mora Claudia , Baumgartner Peter O. , Mitchell Simon F. , Caron Michèle , Caus Esmeralda
Published: October 2019

The western margin of the Caribbean Plate is a typical example where oceanic and continental terranes have amalgamated by subduction, collision, and strike‐slip processes. The boundaries between these blocks, as well as their tectonostratigraphic records, are generally covered by younger deposits and dense tropical vegetation, which may hamper reconstructing the accretionary evolution of the convergent margin. In that context, the study of overlap sedimentary assemblages represents an important tool to constrain the accretion timing of terranes. In northern Central America, the geology of the suture zone between the Chortis Block and the exotic Siuna Intraoceanic Arc indicates that the two terranes were assembled together during a Hauterivian arc‐continent collision (approximately 134–131 Ma). The exotic origin of the intraoceanic arc is based on the nature of metamorphic blocks within and the kinematics of the Siuna Serpentinite Mélange. The short duration of the collision event is suggested by coeval exhumation of the Siuna Serpentinite Mélange and Chortis‐derived coarse sedimentation (El Amparo Formation) along the suture zone, rapidly followed by onset of pelagic sedimentation (Rio Matis Formation). Although the collision appears to have been short lived and preserved only in the suture zone, postcollisional extension affected intra‐arc to back‐arc settings of the Chortis Block and led to the formation of kilometer‐thick extensional basins. We envisage that the convergent margin inboard of SW Mexico—represented by the fringing Guerrero Intraoceanic Arc and the Mixteca continental terrane—underwent similar postcollisional extension, whereas the western margin of the proto‐Caribbean oceanic realm experienced onset of WSW dipping subduction beneath the accreted Siuna Intraoceanic Arc.
Three‐Phase Fractional‐Flow Theory of Foam‐Oil Displacement in Porous Media With Multiple Steady States
Authors: Tang Jinyu , Castañeda Pablo , Marchesin Dan , Rossen William R.
Published: October 2019

Understanding the interplay of foam and nonaqueous phases in porous media is key to improving the design of foam for enhanced oil recovery and remediation of aquifers and soils. A widely used implicit‐texture foam model predicts phenomena analogous to cusp catastrophe theory: The surface describing foam apparent viscosity as a function of fractional flows folds backwards on itself. Thus, there are multiple steady states fitting the same injection condition J defined by the injected fractional flows. Numerical simulations suggest the stable injection state among multiple possible states but do not explain the reason. We address the issue of multiple steady states from the perspective of wave propagation, using three‐phase fractional‐flow theory. The wave‐curve method is applied to solve the two conservation equations for composition paths and wave speeds in 1‐D foam‐oil flow. There is a composition path from each possible injection state J to the initial state I satisfying the conservation equations. The stable displacement is the one with wave speeds (characteristic velocities) all positive along the path from J to I. In all cases presented, two of the paths feature negative wave velocity at J; such a solution does not correspond to the physical injection conditions. A stable displacement is achieved by either the upper, strong‐foam state, or lower, collapsed‐foam state but never the intermediate, unstable state. Which state makes the displacement depends on the initial state of a reservoir. The dependence of the choice of the displacing state on initial state is captured by a boundary curve.
On the Exact Distribution of Correlated Extremes in Hydrology
Authors: Lombardo F. , Napolitano F. , Russo F. , Koutsoyiannis D.
Published: October 2019

The analysis of hydrological hazards usually relies on asymptotic results of extreme value theory, which commonly deals with block maxima or peaks over threshold (POT) data series. However, data quality and quantity of block maxima and POT hydrological records do not usually fulfill the basic requirements of extreme value theory, thus making its application questionable and results prone to high uncertainty and low reliability. An alternative approach to better exploit the available information of continuous time series and nonextreme records is to build the exact distribution of maxima (i.e., nonasymptotic extreme value distributions) from a sequence of low‐threshold POT. Practical closed‐form results for this approach do exist only for independent high‐threshold POT series with Poisson occurrences. This study introduces new closed‐form equations of the exact distribution of maxima taken from low‐threshold POT with magnitudes characterized by an arbitrary marginal distribution and first‐order Markovian dependence, and negative binomial occurrences. The proposed model encompasses and generalizes the independent‐Poisson model and allows for analyses relying on significantly larger samples of low‐threshold POT values exhibiting dependence, temporal clustering, and overdispersion. To check the analytical results, we also introduce a new generator (called Gen2Mp) of proper first‐order Markov chains with arbitrary marginal distributions. An illustrative application to long‐term rainfall and streamflow data series shows that our model for the distribution of extreme maxima under dependence takes a step forward in developing more reliable data‐rich‐based analyses of extreme values.
Pore‐Scale Visualization and Quantification of Transient Solute Transport Using Fast Microcomputed Tomography
Authors: Van Offenwert Stefanie , Cnudde Veerle , Bultreys Tom
Published: October 2019

Solute transport is important in a variety of applications regarding flow in porous media, such as contaminant groundwater remediation. Most recent experimental studies on this process focus on field‐scale or centimeter‐scale data. However, solute spreading and mixing are strongly influenced by pore‐scale heterogeneity. To study this, we developed a novel methodology to quantify transient solute concentration fields at the pore scale using fast laboratory‐based microcomputed tomography. Tracer injection experiments in samples with different degrees of pore‐scale heterogeneity (porous sintered glass and Bentheimer sandstone) were imaged in 3D by continuous scanning at a time resolution of 15 s and a spatial resolution of 13.4 μm. While our calibration experiments indicated a high uncertainty (1σ) on the concentration in single voxels due to imaging noise (± 27% of the total concentration range), we show that coarse gridding these values per individual pore significantly lowers the uncertainty (± 1.2%). The resulting pore‐based tracer concentrations were used to characterize the transport by calculating the solute's arrival time and transient (filling) time in each pore. The average velocities estimated from the arrival times correspond well to the interstitial velocities calculated from the flow rate. This suggests that the temporal resolution of the experiment was sufficient. Finally, the pore‐based transient filling times, the global concentration moment and the global scalar dissipation rate calculated from our experiments, indicated more dispersion in the sandstone sample than in the more homogeneous sintered glass. The developed method can thus provide more insight in the influence of pore‐scale heterogeneity on solute transport.
How the weather affects the pain of citizen scientists using a smartphone app
Authors: Dixon William G. , Beukenhorst Anna L. , Yimer Belay B. , Cook Louise , Gasparrini Antonio , El-Hay Tal , Hellman Bruce , James Ben , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M. , Maclure Malcolm , Silva Ricardo , Ainsworth John , Pisaniello Huai Leng , House Thomas , Lunt Mark , Gamble Carolyn , Sanders Caroline , Schultz David M. , Sergeant Jamie C. , McBeth John
Published: October 2019

Patients with chronic pain commonly believe their pain is related to the weather. Scientific evidence to support their beliefs is inconclusive, in part due to difficulties in getting a large dataset of patients frequently recording their pain symptoms during a variety of weather conditions. Smartphones allow the opportunity to collect data to overcome these difficulties. Our study Cloudy with a Chance of Pain analysed daily data from 2658 patients collected over a 15-month period. The analysis demonstrated significant yet modest relationships between pain and relative humidity, pressure and wind speed, with correlations remaining even when accounting for mood and physical activity. This research highlights how citizen-science experiments can collect large datasets on real-world populations to address long-standing health questions. These results will act as a starting point for a future system for patients to better manage their health through pain forecasts.
A sustainable catalytic enantioselective synthesis of norstatine derivatives
Authors: Shi Taoda , Jing Changcheng , Qian Yu , Xu Xinfang , Alavala Gopi Krishna Reddy , Lv Xinxin , Hu Wenhao
Published: October 2019

An unprecedented method with excellent ee, broad substrate scope, reliable scalability, improved safety, and reusable catalyst is described here along with its synthetic application and mechanistic investigations.
Dual-dynamic interpenetrated networks tuned through macromolecular architecture
Authors: Zhang Borui , Ke Jun , Vakil Jafer R. , Cummings Sean C. , Digby Zachary A. , Sparks Jessica L. , Ye Zhijiang , Zanjani Mehdi B. , Konkolewicz Dominik
Published: October 2019

Controlled polymerization is used to make well defined polymers that are assembled into dynamic interpenetrated network materials. Self-healing, toughness and stress relaxation are imparted into the material through the dynamic linkages.
The formation mechanism and fluorophores of carbon dots synthesized via a bottom-up route
Authors: Qu Dan , Sun Zaicheng
Published: October 2019

Carbon dots (CDs) with incomparable optical properties have attracted extensive attention. However, some unclear issues remain, which has impeded the basic understanding and practical application of CDs.
The Mo catalyzed graphitization of amorphous carbon: an in situ TEM study
Authors: Sharma Subash , Paudel Jaisi Balaram , Araby Mona Ibrahim , Elnobi Sahar , Ayhan Muhammed Emre , Kalita Golap , Tanemura Masaki
Published: October 2019

In situ TEM experiments were carried out to demonstrate the catalytic properties of Mo during graphene synthesis.
Effect of the electrochemical characteristics of titanium on the adsorption kinetics of albumin
Authors: Liamas Evangelos , Thomas Owen R. T. , Muñoz Anna Igual , Zhang Zhenyu J.
Published: October 2019

An EQCM was used to examine the electrochemical behaviour of pure titanium in PBS and PBS-containing BSA solutions, and the associated adsorption characteristics of BSA under cathodic and anodic applied potentials.
Multiwavelength observations of GRB 140629A
Authors: Hu Y.-D. , Oates S. R. , Lipunov V. M. , Zhang B.-B. , Castro-Tirado A. J. , Jeong S. , Sánchez-Ramírez R. , Tello J. C. , Cunniffe R. , Gorbovskoy E. , Caballero-García M. D. , Pandey S. B. , Kornilov V. G. , Tyurina N. V. , Kuznetsov A. S. , Balanutsa P. V. , Gress O. A. , Gorbunov I. , Vlasenko D. M. , Vladimirov V. V. , Budnev N. M. , Balakin F. , Ershova O. , Krushinski V. V. , Gabovich A. V. , Yurkov V. V. , Gorosabel J. , Moskvitin A. S. , Burenin R. A. , Sokolov V. V. , Delgado I. , Guziy S. , Fernandez-García E. J. , Park I. H.
Published: October 2019

Aims.We investigate the long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 140629A through multiwavelength observations to derive the properties of the dominant jet and its host galaxy.

Methods.The afterglow and host galaxy observations were taken in the optical (Swift/UVOT and various facilities worldwide), infrared (Spitzer), and X-rays (Swift/XRT) between 40 s and 3 yr after the burst trigger.

Results.Polarisation observations by the MASTER telescope indicate that this burst is weakly polarised. The optical spectrum contains absorption features, from which we confirm the redshift of the GRB as originating atz = 2.276 ± 0.001. We performed spectral fitting of the X-rays to optical afterglow data and find there is no strong spectral evolution. We determine the hydrogen column densityNHto be 7.2 × 1021cm−2along the line of sight. The afterglow in this burst can be explained by a blast wave jet with a long-lasting central engine expanding into a uniform medium in the slow cooling regime. At the end of energy injection, a normal decay phase is observed in both the optical and X-ray bands. An achromatic jet break is also found in the afterglow light curves ∼0.4 d after trigger. We fit the multiwavelength data simultaneously with a model based on a numerical simulation and find that the observations can be explained by a narrow uniform jet in a dense environment with an opening angle of 6.7° viewed 3.8° off-axis, which released a total energy of 1.4 × 1054erg. Using the redshift and opening angle, we find GRB 140629A follows both the Ghirlanda and Amati relations. From the peak time of the light curve, identified as the onset of the forward shock (181s after trigger), the initial Lorentz factor (Γ0) is constrained in the range 82–118. Fitting the host galaxy photometry, we find the host to be a low mass, star-forming galaxy with a star formation rate of log (SFR) 1.1+0.9−0.4M⊙yr−1. We obtain a value of the neutral hydrogen density by fitting the optical spectrum, logNHI = 21.0 ± 0.3, classifying this host as a damped Lyman-alpha. High ionisation lines (N V, Si IV) are also detected in the spectrum.
Time Tracking of Standard Ultrasound Examinations in Pediatric Hospitals and Pediatric Medical Practices – A Multicenter Study by the Pediatric Section of the German Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM)
Authors: Regensburger Adrian P. , Knieling Ferdinand , Feldkamp Axel , Rascher Wolfgang , Diesch Katharina , Woelfle Joachim , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Jüngert Jörg
Published: October 2019

Purpose Ultrasonography is the primary imaging modality in pediatrics but still lacks sufficient reimbursement in Germany. In this multicenter study, national data for the duration of standard ultrasound in pediatrics were systematically documented in order to specify the actual time required.

Materials and Methods N = 10 hospitals (N = 5 university hospitals, N = 5 non-university hospitals) and N = 3 medical practices in Germany recorded the entire process of an ultrasound examination in a special protocol developed by the Pediatric Section of the DEGUM. The duration of each of seven single steps during ultrasonography (from data input to final discussion of the results) of different organ systems was logged.

Results In total, N = 2118 examinations from different organ systems were recorded. N = 10 organ systems were examined frequently (> 30 times). The total duration of an ultrasound examination was statistically significantly longer in hospitals compared to medical practices (median (IQR) 27 min. (18–38) vs. 12 min. (9–17), p < 0.001). The “hands-on” patient time was approximately one half of the total required time in both settings (49.9 % vs. 48.9 %). Ultrasonography of the abdomen and brain lasted longer in university hospitals than in non-university hospitals (p < 0.001, and p = 0.04, respectively). Cooperation and age did not uniformly correlate with the total duration.

Conclusion This study provides novel comprehensive national data for the duration of standardized ultrasound examinations of children and adolescents in Germany. These data are essential for a further evaluation of the economic costs and should support better remuneration in the future.
Improvement of defect size and morphological estimation in shearography inspection by wavelet transform
Authors: Allevi Gloria , Pandarese Giuseppe , Revel Gian Marco
Published: October 2019

Speckle shearography is often used in the aerospace industry to detect defects in composite materials because it allows noncontact, full field, and fast measurements. However, despite this advantage, this nondestructive technique is still not widely established, due to its limitations in performing defect quantitative estimations. The main issue lies in the extrapolation of phase profile boundaries, which represent defect edges. In this paper, this was achieved by studying the multimodal distribution of a characteristic parameter, called structural intensity, which is the probability of finding a denser population of local maxima of wavelet coefficients at a given position and adding an adaptive threshold selection in the structural intensity distribution. Once the damage boundaries were detected, the defect dimensions were computed by subtracting the local shearing amount, which was defined by a circle detection code, from each coordinate in both Cartesian directions. The paper shows an improvement to the algorithms able to detect defect area and perform morphological estimation previously developed by the authors and an in-depth study of the parameters involved in these algorithms. This resulted in both a high accuracy (0.04%) revealed by the calibration process on a PVC test panel and a close morphological agreement with the ultrasound reconstruction of unknown defects in composite materials. Thanks to this improvement, shearography becomes a quantitative inspection technique that takes few minutes compared to ultrasound inspection of the same area, which may require up to an entire day.
Modeling and qualitative analysis of a hepatitis B epidemic model
Authors: Khan Tahir , Ahmad Saeed , Zaman Gul
Published: October 2019

We develop an epidemic mathematical model for hepatitis B contagious disease, which is one of the major causes of death among various infectious diseases. We prove the existence, positivity, and biological feasibility of the model. We find the threshold quantity of the model and analyze the sensitivity analysis to show the effect of various parameters on the spread of hepatitis B virus. Exploiting the linear stability approach, we find stability conditions to perform the stability analysis. We use the central manifold theory to discuss the existence of backward bifurcation of the proposed model. Finally, we present numerical simulations to verify the analytical calculations and to analyze the sensitivity of parameters.
Two-dimensional simulation of the evolution of radial discharge columns in an atmospheric argon dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Wan Jing , Wang Qiao , Dai Dong , Ning Wenjun
Published: October 2019

A two-dimensional model is employed to investigate the evolution of radial discharge columns (or filamentary channels) and the potential mechanism in an atmospheric argon dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). As the applied voltage amplitude increases, the number of discharge columns first increases and then deceases, and finally, the discharge evolves into the diffuse mode. With a lower voltage amplitude range, the more uniform distribution of surface charge density makes the original discharge column move outwards, providing a wider inner space to increase the filament number. A similar filamentation process is also observed in atmospheric helium. However, when the voltage amplitude is further increased, considering the lower ionization threshold of argon, even the relatively small amount of residual electrons diffusing from filaments to adjacent regions can serve as seed electrons to activate the former inhibition positions, which makes the filament number further increase. Moreover, influenced by the stronger radial electric field between the central column and its neighborhoods, more electrons located at the column near the middle position will drift toward the center. As a result, once charged particles move over the inhibition region with voltage amplitude rising further, the two discrete discharge columns will merge, causing the decrease in the filament number. Finally, it is revealed in our simulations that when the voltage amplitude exceeds one certain level, seed electrons of the preionization stage get harder to gather and all discharge columns vanish. These results may help to provide a new perspective on the evolution of radial filamentary channels in an atmospheric argon DBD.
User experience (ux) in health education apps
Authors: Castro Junior Eurides
Published: October 2019

The popularization of mobile devices has contributed to the democratization of health education in areas of difficult
access through mobile learning. For effective learning to occur it is necessary to consider aspects of the user experience (ux) and
aspects of human cognition in the interaction with artifacts in a social context. In this scope, a ux study of an app for health
was conducted in Brazil. The app was developed by the Open University of the Unified Health System (una-sus) of the Federal
University of Maranhão (ufma). The app was evaluated through interaction testing with simultaneous interviews, followed by a
satisfaction questionnaire. 16 physicians took part in the study, which was conducted in their work context. In general, users did not have
any prolems using the app. However, there were problems in navigating and understanding elements of the graphic interface that could affect
ux and content learning. The results of the study are discussed from the perspective of Information Design and according to the
Theory of Situated Cognition. Based on these results and on the literature, some recommendations for the design of health apps are put
forward.
Compass
Authors: Vieira da Silva Aurora Cristina Bunn , Bueno Juliana
Published: October 2019

Depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders worldwide. People with psychiatric disorders often lack the ability to deal with aspects/activities of daily life. This article describes the development of the Compass app, an app designed to help individuals suffering from mental health disorders. The app presents organizational and planning tools to improve the daily life of these individuals, and, consequently, their well-being. A user-centered design approach was employed in the development of the app, and design requirements were established based on the literature on Mental Health, Psychology, Information and Graphic Design. A functional prototype of the app was created for user testing, and a satisfaction questionnaire was conducted with potential users. The results showed that Compass was a useful and usable app, and that its interface design was easy to interact with and navigate. The results also showed that there were some problems with the design of the app. These problems were taken into consideration in the redesign stage and led to improvements.
The importance of borrowing across disciplines
Authors: Shuy Roger W.
Published: October 2019

Over the years, linguists have borrowed from other allied fields, including speech events from cultural
anthropology, schema theory from psychology, speech acts from philosophy, and conversational strategies from rhetoric. In
analyzing large and continuous chunks of conversational data, the first and most important of these borrowings is the speech
event, for it sets the stage in which the other language elements are embedded and provides a useful sequence for analyzing
everything else, including the conventional linguistic tools of the grammar and lexicon.

The present paper represents the optimal sequence of analysis as an Inverted Pyramid, starting with the speech
event and then moving down the order to schemas, agendas, speech acts, conversational strategies, and finally to the grammar and
lexicon that are embedded within each other. Two prominent criminal law investigations are used to demonstrate the effectiveness
of the Inverted Pyramid approach for understanding this evidence.
Supporting STEM Curriculum Implementation with Professional Learning: The University of Sydney STEM Teacher Enrichment Academy
Authors: Anderson Judy
Published: October 2019

Based on the need for schools to improve students’ capabilities in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and to develop students’ 21st Century skills, school systems are implementing a range of STEM education initiatives. As there is no STEM curriculum in many countries, teachers are faced with designing new lessons and new subjects as well as developing new learning approaches. While secondary school teachers may have expertise in one of the STEM subjects, few have expertise in more than one so the need for professional learning support is critical to the success of such initiatives. A group of experts at the University of Sydney has developed one program that has produced positive outcomes for teachers and students. Members of the group from the STEM Teacher Enrichment Academy work with school teams to help them identify a clear purpose for their STEM initiative, to design a program to address the purpose and to support them in implementing and evaluating the program with their students.
How to Apply Technology in STEM Education Activities
Authors: Manosuttirit Artnarong
Published: October 2019

STEM has been playing a part in Thailand for quite some time. STEM teaching and learning is originated from the US. Later, many countries have applied it to their own education systems. Since the arrival of STEM, ministry of education, under the supervision of teaching science and technology by Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology, has used this teaching model. National Legislative Assembly of Thailand has also proposed STEM policy in order to gain tangible results. Until now, there is still no clarity and there are confusions with the organization of STEM teaching and learning.

This article aims to propose the idea of the application technology in project-based STEM Activities. The content of this article contains concept of STEM, meaning of STEM, policy and principle of STEM for development of the nation, environment of STEM teaching and learning, and case study of applying technology with project-based STEM activities.
Promoting problem solving and thinking competencies for the middle school students using STEM activities in the Moderate Class, More Knowledge project.
Authors: Phaprom P. , Nachanthong J. , Nachanthong A. , Srihata S.
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to investigate the problem solving and thinking competencies of the students using STEM activities in “The Moderate Class, More Knowledge” project of the Thakhanthowittayakarn School, Thailand. The participants were 20 middle school students who were pleasured to join the activities. The STEM activities applied in this study were adjusted from online resources and the STEM activities of the institute for the promotion of teaching science and technology (IPST). The five STEM activities were conducted in 20 hours, comprised of the following: young designer contest, mobility in the time of flood, balloon powered car, balloon rocket, and rubber band powered car. Multi-rater approach was used to investigate the students’ problem solving and thinking competency. Self-checklists, observer-checklists and teachers-questionnaire with five rating scales were used as the study instruments. The analysis method is based on a handbook of a competency appraisal for Basic Education students developed by the OBEC. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were reported; the students’ competencies were considered into three levels which were good, fair and unsatisfied. Findings revealed that 75% of the students were in good level, and the rest were in fair level for problem solving competency. According to thinking competency, 85% of the students were in good level and 15% were in fair level. The after action review (AAR) were also presented in this study. The result implied that STEM activities could be appropriate for fostering the students’ competencies.
Research about Metacognition in Science Education: A Case of Basic Education in Thailand
Authors: Sanium Soonthareeya , Buaraphan Khajornsak
Published: October 2019

Metacognition has been regarded as a research variable more than four decades ago with its general definition of knowing about knowing. It is genuinely difficult to study about metacognition because it is an abstract process occurred in one’s mind. A number of studies about metacognition have been conducted in an international context to derive more understanding about a metacognitive process and its benefits. There are some studies related to metacognition in the Thai context; so, it is a need to explore the current situation of metacognition research in Thailand. The metacognitive studies conducted during 2002-2016 have been intensively reviewed. The researchers found 22 research studies related to metacognition in Thailand; three, 10 and nine of them had been conducted in the primary, lower-secondary and upper-secondary levels, respectively. All metacognitive studies could be grouped into five categories: a) Impact of metacognition on other research variables (n = 9); b) Teaching strategies to enhance metacognition (n = 7); c) Developing measurement tool for metacognition (n = 3); d) Causal model of metacognition (n = 2); and e) Factors of metacognition (n = 1). Two dominant categories (16 of 22 or 72.73%) were the „Impact of metacognition’ (n = 9) and „Teaching strategies enhancing metacognition’ categories. Interestingly, there were five studies aimed to explore the impact of students’ developed metacognition on problem-solving skill. The teaching strategies employed to enhance students’ metacognition are diverse including 5E or 7E models, learning cycle, problem-based learning, open-ended problems, constructivist and Tri-Sik-Kha instruction.
Bringing STEM Lessons into Thai Mathematics Classroom.
Authors: Nualkaew N. , Chatmaneerungcharoen S.
Published: October 2019

This study focuses on teaching and the learning development in mathematics through the collaborative design of technology-enhanced science lessons with STEM Education. The purposes of this research were as follows. The first purpose was to develop learning activities for the surface area and volume by organizing learning activities with STEM Education for Mathayomsuksa III students. The second was to compare achievements before and after for the surface area and volume by organizing learning activities with STEM Education for Mathayomsuksa III students. The third was to compare the ability to solve problems before and after on the surface area and volume by organizing learning activities with STEM Education for Mathayomsuksa III students. Finally, the fourth purpose was to study students’ satisfaction in learning about the surface area and volume by organizing learning activities with STEM Education for Mathayomsuksa 3 students. The research samples consisted of 30 Mathayomsuksa III students at Kapong Pittayakom School, under the Jurisdiction of the Office of Region 14 Secondary Education Area. These students studied in the first semester of the academic year of 2017. 25 classrooms were acquired by a specific selection. The research instruments were: 1) a learning plan; 2) an achievement test; 3) a problem solving ability test; and 4) data that was analysed by percentage, mean, standard deviation and standard deviation. The results were as follows: 1) A plan for learning about surface area and volume for students of Mathayomsuksa III by organizing learning activities with STEM Education where efficiency was 86.31 / 89.47. 2) The learning of surface area and volume for students of Mathayomsuksa III by organizing learning activities with STEM Education had significant differences at a level of .05 after the study. 3) The ability to solve surface and volume problems for students of Mathayomsuksa III by organizing learning activities with STEM Education yielded significant differences at a level of .05 after the study. 4) The satisfaction of learning about surface area and volume for students of Mathayomsuksa III by organizing learning activities with STEM Education was observed. The learning activity was conducted based on the level of education.
Suggested guidelines for developing sustainable leadership of private science school principals
Authors: Agsonsua Pha , Kositpimanwech Ekkarad , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: October 2019

The research aimed to study the guidelines for developing the sustainable leadership of private school principals, under jurisdiction of Khon Kaen Provincial Education Office. The participant included Ten experts for focus group discussion selected by Purposive Sampling including the Lecturers teaching Leadership Course in the university, the Provincial Education Office administrators, the school director, the expert, and the academic receiving doctoral degree in Educational Administration. Methodology regarded qualitative paradigm. The guidelines of developing the sustainable leadership of private school principals were interpreted through Focus Group Discussion from the experts selected by Purposive Sampling. Data were analyzed by using the Content Analysis based on conceptual framework and other issues being studied, and concluded into main issues. The findings revealed that the guidelines for developing the sustainable leadership of private school principals, under jurisdiction of Khon Kaen Provincial Education Office were provided into 9 categories. These included 1) outcome based oriented, 2) strategic administration, 3) the process based oriented (instead of planning), 4) Ethical and moral based administration, 5) professional administrors, 6) strategic abandonment or detachment, 7) cooperative development potentiality, 8) strategies measure for continual success, 9) building up sustainability. The paper will discuss about these guidelines. The paper may have implications for developing professional development of sustainable leadership in Thailand.
Experienced difficulties of BSE-Chemistry students in physical chemistry and suggested enhancement
Authors: Vallespin Mc Rollyn D. , Aliman Angelie , Sedurifa Esmar N. , Salic-Hairulla Monera , Jorolan Joel H.
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to determine the experienced difficulties in Chemistry 70 (Introduction to Physical Chemistry) among ten (10) selected BSE-Chemistry students who had undergone Chemistry 70 and two professors of Physical Chemistry. Qualitative research design with purposive sampling was used in this study. It was found that out of the total 10 BSE-Chemistry respondents, majority got a passing grade of 1.50 to 3.00 in Chemistry 70, representing their academic performance for this particular study. They considered “Chemical Thermodynamics and Equilibrium” as “much difficult” and classified “teacher factor” as the primary reason for the difficulty in understanding the subject. Teachers play a great role in the learning of the students in Physical Chemistry. They must be equipped effectively with the concepts needed for the efficient delivery of lessons in the classroom. Moreover, teachers must be able to relate both theories and concepts to real-life situations for the students to have a better understanding of the subject matter. It was suggested that students should be able to master the basic skills and concepts in Math 61 to improve their mathematical skills which are very much needed in the study of Physical Chemistry.
Enhancing Grade 10 Students’ Achievement and the 21st Century Learning Skills by Using Information Based on STEM Education
Authors: Kinboon Nittayaporn
Published: October 2019

The purposes of this study are to (1) develop students’ achievement of learning technology focusing on solving current environmental and social issues in daily life, and (2) examine the results of using information technology media based on STEM education to enhance the 21st century learning skills of grade 10 students. The action research method was used in this study by dividing into 3 action parts. The instrument used to collect data of students’ learning activities was observation form to assess teachers’ teaching strategies and abilities to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) knowledge into the contents based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) approach. After the 3 action parts completed, data were analyzed, aiming to develop students’ learning achievement. The samples were a total of 40 students in grade 10 in the semester 1 of academic year 2017. The findings showed that using information technology media in teaching based on STEM education in line with TPCK approach developed the 21st century learning skills of students in grade 10 effectively. The approach consists of 5 steps: 1) introduction; 2) cognitive conflict; 3) reflective activity; 4) cognitive restructuring; and 5) summary and evaluation. The 5 representations reflecting students’ 21st century learning skills were found at a high level including academic excellence, bilingual communication skills, creativity and innovation skills, problem-solving skills and responsibility for the social issues, attitude towards global awareness. The overall development of the 21st century learning skills of grade 10 students was at the highest level (= 4.57, S.D. = 0.72). The result of students’ ONET assessments with specific aptitude skills at a higher level reflected that their learning achievement developed. Moreover, students were able to communicate in Thai and English. Students had competence in designing learning activities to share ideas and projects reflecting their responsibility to solve environmental and social issues. Students also demonstrated their creativity and innovation skills in designing visual webpage and provided presentation showing their global awareness by understanding the diverse culture and religion across the world.
Learner Characteristics as Consequences of Active Learning
Authors: Phala Jiratchaya , Chamrat Suthida
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to explore the consequences of active learning implementation toward students’ characteristics. Literature reviewing, and synthesizing intend to delineate the framework of active learning driven classroom where teachers lessen their own profile from lecturers into facilitators. By deploying active learning, students’ multiple skills are activated and practiced. These skills, gradually, become students’ characteristics. Reviewing and synthesizing from the existing literature and research reports indicate students’ characteristics as possible outcomes of active learning in 12 traits: 1) students have a great opportunity to first-hand experience; 2) students create learning process and construct knowledge by themselves; 3) students learn and reflect from their experiences; 4) students develop higher order thinking; 5) students develop their learning skills; 6) students play important roles in learning which are also varied and diverse; 7) students highly participate in learning process; 8) students reach academic achievements with meaningful learning; 9) students build rapport with teachers and their peers; 10) students integrate information with their prior knowledge; 11) students develop positive attitudes and self-esteem; 12) students are enthusiastic, active, happy and joyful.
The Nature of Science Views among Intern General Science Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Gathong Somsak , Chamrat Suthida
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to study the nature of science views of 23 students who are currently intern general science pre-service teachers in one of Rajabhat Universities in the North. The research instrument used in the study was: the nature view of science questionnaire developed by Haidar (1999) and the researcher has improved it in accordance with the curriculum of science and education in Thailand. The nature of science views had three aspects totally 27 items. There were 8 items for scientific world view, 4 items for the scientific knowledge inquiry, 6 items for scientific enterprise and they were totally 18 items and open-ended question on the nature of science views with three aspects of science in the world: 3 items for scientific world view, 3 items for scientific inquiry and 3 items for scientific enterprise. They were totally 9 items. Then the data were analyzed by grouping the answers and finding the percentage. The results of the research revealed that intern general science pre-service teachers had the same view of the nature of science that was consistent with 3 aspects of the traditional view. That were the 2nd aspect; scientific inquiry. The 1st aspect; scientific found that 91.30 %better understood consistent with the traditional view that working of a scientist must be based on a scientific method that has a definite sequence of steps. As the 2nd aspect; the scientific knowledge creation found that 78.26% had the consistency of understanding with the traditional concept. It stated that scientific knowledge is created by observation, survey or experiment. The 3rd aspect; evidence and imagination, and creative thinking, it affects the scientific knowledge creation. It showed that 73.91% had an understanding that is consistent with the traditional concept that scientists acquire scientific knowledge using only evidence-based. The findings indicated that intern general science pre-service teachers still have many points of view. The most necessary thing is teachers need to use teaching and learning methods that solve the problem of natural science erroneously in the course of learning science management before the students go for the practicum.