bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Chlorella vulgaris mitigated the adverse effects of Imidacloprid on the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Zadeh Ali Hasanpour Ardekani , Jawad Mohammed Abed , Al-Awsi Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef , Adhab Ali Hussein , Kodirov Gayrat , Soltanifar Zahra , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Norbakhsh Maryam
Published: February 2023

The use of pesticides to eliminate pests and weeds has raised concerns about water pollution and adverse effects on aquatic organisms, so many efforts have been made to increase the resistance of fish to these pesticides by using a proper nutrition strategy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of fish exposed to Imidacloprid insecticide (C9H10ClN5O2) by different doses of Chlorella vulgaris dry powder to the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study, 600 common carp with a medium weight (18.10±0.2 g; mean ± SE) were prepared and after adaptation and determination of lethal concentration of Imidacloprid, for 56 days in 6 treatments and each with 3 replications were classified and tested (Control (T1), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T2), 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T3), No Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T4), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T5) and 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T6)). After 96 hours of exposure to distinct concentrations of the insecticide, the total mortality was measured and the Imidacloprid median lethal concentration (LC50) over 96 hours was calculated (266.2 mg/l) using Probit analysis. According to the result, common carp fed T2 had the highest final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR), and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the groups (P<0.05). Fish in the T2 group had the highest total proteins, albumin and globulin (P<0.05). Fish in the group T4 had the highest cortisol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in the blood, while fish fed T2 and T3 had low values (P<0.05). The alternative complement pathway (ACH50) was significantly higher in T2 and T3 than other groups (P<0.05). Blood total immunoglobulin (Ig) and lysozyme activity were high in T2 and T3 groups, and had the lowest values in the T4 group (P<0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) showed the highest activities in T2 (P<0.05). T4 group had the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while T2 and T3 groups had the lowest MDA level (P<0.05). The highest amylase, protease and lipase were in the T2 group, while the lowest values were in the T4 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary Chlorella vulgaris protects common carp from Imidacloprid insecticide, since it improved growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses of fish.
The protective effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidative capacity of mullet (Liza ramada) fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1
Authors: El-Mokhlesany Sara A.I. , Ibrahim Mostafa A. , Amer Asem A. , Gewaily Mahmoud S. , Zaineldin Amr I. , Soliman Ali , Baromh Mohamed Z. , Gouda Ali H. , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: February 2023

Plant protein ingredients are increasingly included in mullet feeds and are expected to be contaminated with mycotoxins (AFB1). Thus, this study investigated the protective role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against oxidative stress and hepato-renal malfunction induced by AFB1 contamination in mullets. Four diets were formulated, where the first was kept as the control diet, and the second was supplemented with S. cerevisiae at 5 × 106 cells/g. The third diet was supplied with AFB1 at 1 mg/kg, and the fourth was supplemented with S. cerevisiae and AFB1. Mullet fed the control or both AFB1 and S. cerevisiae (yeast/ AFB1) had similar FBW, WG, SGR, and FCR (P˃0.05). Mullet treated with S. cerevisiae without AFB1 contamination showed the highest FBW, WG, and SGR (P<0.05), while fish in the AFB1 group had lower FBW, WG, and SGR and higher FCR than fish in the control and yeast/ AFB1 groups (P<0.05). Using yeast with AFB1 prevented pathological hazards and improved intestinal structure. Further, yeast combined with AFB1 reduced the degenerative changes and enhanced the histological structure except for a mild inflammatory reaction around the bile duct. Fish in the control or yeast/ AFB1 group had higher HB, PCV, RBCs, and WBCs than fish in the AFB1 group (P<0.05). Fish fed the control, or the yeast/ AFB1 diets had similar total protein and albumin levels with higher values than fish contaminated with AFB1 (P<0.05). Fish fed the control and yeast/ AFB1 diets had similar ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine levels (P˃0.05) and were lower than fish contaminated with AFB1. Additionally, fish fed the control and yeast/ AFB1 diets had similar CAT, GPx, SOD, and MDA (P˃0.05) and were lower than fish contaminated with AFB1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, incorporating S. cerevisiae ameliorated the negative impacts of AFB1 toxicity on mullets’ growth, hepato-renal function, and antioxidative capacity.
Inheriting the “Unfinished Business”: An Introductory Study of the Dictator Novel Set in Africa
Authors: Okuhata Yutaka
Published: February 2023

Whereas so-called dictator fiction in Latin America is already established as a significant literary subgenre, it is only recently that an increasing number of studies have started to deal with its counterpart set in Africa. In fact, both inside and outside the postcolonial African continent, dictator novels have been written in several languages, including English, French, Arabic, and Kikuyu. One of the most outstanding achievements among recent studies of this kind of fiction is Magali Armillas-Tiseyra’s The Dictator Novel: Writers and Politics in the Global South (2019), which examines dictator novels in two different regions – Africa and Latin America – by using the keyword “Global South” to connect them with each other. After taking a genealogical overview of some dictator novels by both African and non-African authors, the present essay will critically investigate Armillas-Tiseyra’s argument in order to reconsider fictional African dictators depicted in contemporary novels, especially those written in English, from a global and transborder perspective. The aim of this essay is to clarify both the challenges and prospects of the current studies of this literary subgenre in/about Africa.
The Aetiology and the Pyschogenesis of Tyrannical Behaviour in Macbeth
Authors: Tîrban Emilian
Published: February 2023

This article explores the aetiology and the psychogenesis of Macbeth’s tyrannical ambitions and the growth of his psychic degradation. Macbeth deigns to be an incorrigible regicide, but his ambition is ultimately overpowered by his conscience. This aporetic conflict is ultimately fatal to his morality and sense of Self. Character analysis informed by psychoanalytic criticism will investigate the protagonist’s tormented psyche in its struggle between the ego-syntonic (Persona) and the ego-dystonic (Shadow) leading to neurosis that culminates in psychosis as Macbeth’s identity fractures throughout the play. The ontological issue of the Witches is explored in an attempt to explain the role the metamorphic environment plays in Macbeth’s psychic atrophy. For this reason, the Witches present us with the conundrum of their being both phenomenal and noumenal. Macbeth’s difficulty to distinguish between the real and the phantasmagoric results in a psychotic breakdown. Accordingly, he becomes a mad tyrant seeking to protect his unlawful reign.
An Archetypal Reading of Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine: Instinctive Agency and the Individuation Process
Authors: Malkawi Suhaib H.
Published: February 2023

This article presents an archetypal reading of Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine that foregrounds the narrator’s agency in her sequential transformations in the narrative. The critic starts from a broader conception of the term agency that encapsulates those instinctive types of actions in which the protagonist, and people in everyday life, find themselves implicated. In other words, the term agency should not be limited to fully conscious and deliberate acts, hence the concept “instinctive agency.” Other scholars have seen that the denomination factor in Jasmine, i.e. the fact that every characterological transformation the narrator experiences coincides with a name given to her by a male partner, is a clear sign of her diminishing subjectivity and lack of agency. This study refutes this claim by foregrounding the agentive role of her personal history, and by presenting a thorough psychological and archetypal analysis of the male partners with whom she relates. This article also refutes Mukherjee’s claim that complete abnegation of the old self is required for transformation to occur. By highlighting the ways in which the protagonist’s old Indian self comes to the surface time and again throughout her journey, the article evidences that the author’s views regarding self-transformation are psychologically unrealistic. The article concludes with the perspective that it is inaccurate to regard Jasmine as a sheer receptacle of male power and postcolonial influence, and that a deeper psychological reading substantiates her agency and subjectivity in the postmodern world in which her narrative of self-transformation unfolds.
The eradication of M. caprae tuberculosis in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Bieszczady Mountains, southern Poland – an administrative perspective
Authors: Welz Mirosław , Krajewska-Wędzina Monika , Orłowska Blanka , Didkowska Anna , Radulski Łukasz , Łoś Przemysław , Weiner Marcin , Anusz Krzysztof
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease caused by acid-fast bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Both animals and humans are susceptible to infection by the MTBC. Interspecies transmission is also possible, including to livestock and humans. In the years 1997–2013, many tuberculosis cases were recorded in European bison in the Bieszczady Mountains; more alarmingly, TB was also recorded in wild boar in the years 2013–2020.

Material and Methods

In the years 2013–2020, 104 wild boar from the Bieszczady Mountains were tested for TB through necropsy, mycobacterial culture, strain identification and spoligotyping.

Results

The microbiological examination confirmed TB in 46 wild boar; these infections were identified as M. caprae, spoligotype SB2391.

Conclusion

Free-living European bison are at risk of TB infection from wild boar carrying M. caprae. This situation also poses a risk to local cattle. There is a need for further activities aimed at monitoring the disease, preventing further transmission, and minimising the risk to public health.
Might God Help Explain Moral Knowledge?
Authors: Baggett David
Published: February 2023

Although owing to proper basicality, phenomenal conservatism, and deliberative indispensability our axiomatic moral judgments seem to be prima facie justified, the question of potential undercutting defeaters can pose a challenge to moral knowledge. Evolutionary debunking arguments of various stripes are one of the more recent widely discussed contenders for such a defeater. Because of the likes of Michael Ruse, Richard Joyce, and Sharon Street, such arguments have attracted much attention. Their general structure features an empirical premise according to which the process of evolution has had a significant impact on the stock of even our axiomatic moral judgments. The epistemic premise has it that if the empirical premise holds, then our moral knowledge is severely challenged if not debunked altogether, and perhaps even moral realism itself, since if our epistemic faculties can’t reliably put us in touch with objective moral truths, those truths are out of a job in our ontology. Since the most outspoken evolutionary debunkers are secularists, they somewhat understandably tend to smuggle something of a naturalistic origins thesis into their conception of evolution, thus precluding a divine guidance of the evolutionary process, which renders it a formidable challenge for them to evade the force of the debunking challenge. Unsurprisingly Ruse, Joyce, and Street all end up abandoning moral realism and any moral knowledge predicated on it. Theism, however, potentially provides a defeater-defeater against the evolutionary debunking argument(s) (if not a defeater-deflector), by rejecting the naturalistic origins thesis as a gratuitous theological add-on to which evolution need not be attached, carving out room for evolution to be a divinely guided process that may well ensure a correspondence between moral truth and at least our most nonnegotiable moral convictions.
A Molinist Response to Schellenberg’s Hiddenness Argument
Authors: Erasmus Jacobus , Stratton Timothy A.
Published: February 2023

John Schellenberg argues that divine hiddenness is evidence against God’s existence. More precisely, according to Schellenberg’s well-known Hiddenness Argument, God’s existence entails that there would never be any nonresistant non-believers; however, there are some non-resistant non-believers; therefore, God does not exist. In this paper, we offer a Molinist response or solution to the Hiddenness Argument. First, we briefly explain Molinism, we then describe Schellenberg’s Hiddenness Argument, and, finally, we argue that Molinism undercuts the view that God would necessarily ensure there will never be any nonresistant non-believers.
An Exploration of Metaphysical Grounding and Divine Command Theory
Authors: Mileo Jesse
Published: February 2023

The concept of metaphysical grounding refers to a dependence relation—a relation between facts that is asymmetrical and non-causal. I aim to apply this concept to a Divine Command Theory (DCT) of moral obligations. Divine command theorists say that moral obligations arise from God’s commands. I argue that the three main views on the relation between the divine command and the obligation—causal, supervenience, and identity—do not capture all that we desire in a moral theory of obligations. After attempting to clarify metaphysical grounding in general, I articulate the distinction between what I call normative grounding and metaethical grounding. I then use this distinction to criticize Walter Sinnott-Armstrong’s discussion of DCT and to highlight the compatibility of DCT with other ethical theories.
Validation of the “Darryl” PTSD cartoon test with abused children
Authors: Schandorph Løkkegaard Sille , Jeppesen Camilla , Elklit Ask
Published: February 2023

Background

There is a lack of reliable and valid PTSD tests for young children that cannot read or are weak readers. The semi-projective cartoon test, “Darryl”, which is read aloud, is a measure that appeals to this age group. The test has been applied in both clinical and epidemiological studies.

Objective

to validate a cartoon test, “Darryl”, for children aged 6 or older in a population of children suspectedly sexually and/or physically abused.

Methods

In the Danish Child Centres, 327 children were screened with Darryl as part of an assessment for further intervention. The Bech Youth Inventory was filled out by 113 children, and 63 caregivers filled out the Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire. Correlations were used to study the convergent validity between the scales and subscales and effect sizes were estimated. Reliability of the scales was investigated using Cronbach’s alpha.

Results

Following the DSM-IV, 55.7% of the children (n = 182) had a possible PTSD diagnosis. More girls (n = 110, 62.9 %) than boys (n = 72, 47.4%) had PTSD. A total of 21.7 % (n = 71) had subclinical PTSD, lacking only one symptom of the full diagnosis. There was no significant difference in PTSD regarding physical or sexual abuse.

Clinical significance

The test allows clinicians in the pediatric field to screen for possible PTSD in a population where systematic self-report data have paramount importance.

Conclusions

Darryl appears to be a valid and reliable test for screening young children who have been physically or sexually abused. The test is helpful for clinician working with young children to identify those have developed trauma symptoms to secure them early treatment.
FOTO IKLAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI PADA INSTAGRAM "AH LURIK"
Authors: Huda Achmad Syaeful , Apriyanto Muhammad Fajar , Arsita Adya
Published: February 2023

UMKM named "AH Lurik" is one of the lurik businesses located in Klaten City which has existed since 1959, has developed with a number of fashion products and accessories. The lack of promotion causes many young people, especially in terms of the products offered, therefore it is necessary to have visuals that are used to make young people interested in these products. Promotion is one means to boost sales, because promotions can attract the attention of consumers to buy. Promotion can be done by uploading photos through Instagram online media, the purpose of making this work is to make commercial photos as promotional media for "AH Lurik". The methods used include exploration, improvisation, and formation. In the exploration stage, they search for data, while improvisation performs experiments such as lighting, color selection, and objects, then in the formation of the work, they turn sketches into photographs. The basic form of work creation is a product variant, which is produced by “AH Lurik”, and is implemented through the social media platform Instagram. Thus, the results of commercial photography can attract the attention of consumers, especially young people to buy and preserve the lurik culture in Indonesia.
PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH FOTOGRAFI SEKOLAH VOKASI UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Jauhari Jauhari
Published: February 2023

Melalui penelitian yang berjudul Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Fotografi Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 ini akan dijabarkan mengenai tantangan dan strategi yang dilakukan peneliti untuk melakukan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) pada bidang fotografi di Sekolah Vokasi UNS selama masa pandemi ini. Pada masa pandemi dengan berbagai pembatasan pertemuan tatap muka dan fisik maka dibutuhkan strategi agar pembelajaran praktek fotografi dapat berjalan efektif dan efisien tanpa menurunkan standar kualitas capaian pembelajaran. UNS mengembangkan sistem manajemen pembelajaran atau Learning Management System (LMS) yang memungkinkan peneliti mengembangkan model pembelajaran asinkronus (proses pembelajaran melalui media perantara seperti video tutorial melalui laman youtube juga media lainnya) dan sinkronus (proses pembelajaran tatap muka secara daring). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data dari studi pustaka serta observasi berpartisipasi. Penelitian studi kasus pada proses pembelajaran jarak jauh Fotografi di Sekolah Vokasi UNS. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa dalam pelaksanaan PJJ dapat diterapkan pada mata kuliah praktek Fotografi di sekolah Vokasi UNS.
POTRET MAESTRO SENI DI BALI PADA MEDIA DAUN
Authors: Candrayana Ida Bagus , Andayani Ni Putu Tisna
Published: February 2023

Fotografi seni media daun yang menampilkan para maestro seni di Bali adalah sebuah proses karya cipta fotografi yang kental dengan seni budaya tradisi Bali yang mengabadikan sosok-sosok seniman dengan keahlian yang mumpuni di bidangnya masing-masing. Karya foto seni cetak media daun ini menampilkan lima sosok maestro seni di Bali diantaranya bidang seni tari, seni lukis dan seni karawitan dan seni pedalangan di Bali. Karya foto ini merupakan ide pencipta yang ingin mengabadikan eksistensi ‘Sang Maestro' di usia senjanya sekaligus sebagai bentuk apresiasi pencipta terhadap gagasan/ide/karya para maestro yang tela berdedikasi di bidangnya. Metode penciptaan foto potret maestro pada media daun melalui lima tahapan yakni: (1)Observasi; (2)Perancangan; (3)Pemotretan; (4)Perwujudan; (5)Pengemasan. Setelah melalui kelima tahapan tersebut terciptalah sebuah karya foto potret maestro seni di Bali yang dicetak pada media daun dengan menggunakan teknik cetak klorofil (Chlorophyl print) dengan bantuan tenaga surya (matahari) tanpa bahan-bahan kimia dalam proses cetaknya. Harapan pencipta melalui karya ini adalah tetap berkarya menciptakan karya seni berupa foto tanpa merusak lingkungan alam akibat penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia, serta turut menjaga sustainability dan mendukung gerakan Go Green yang sedang digalakkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia.
La sustentabilidad del sistema de producción de totopos en Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Santos-Cirilo Pedro Fabián , Reyes-Velasco Leobardo , Sánchez-Cruz Gabriel , Cueva-Villanueva José Ángel , Zapién-Martínez Arturo , Bernardino-Hernández Héctor Ulises
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: analizar la sustentabilidad del sistema de producción de totopos (SPT) en un grupo de mujeres en Tehuantepec, en la región del Istmo de Oaxaca, México. Metodología: a través de un muestreo convencional, se aplicaron 60 encuestas para captar información sociodemográfica y características del SPT. La información se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva y el Marco de Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS). Resultados: la mayoría de las mujeres son jóvenes, la actividad es artesanal mediante el uso del “comixcal”, los ingresos económicos sirven para el sustento familiar. La rentabilidad del SPT, se mantiene a costa del riesgo a la salud debido a largas jornadas laborales, uso de altas cantidades de leña y a una exposición crónica al humo. Limitaciones: los resultados son derivados de la muestra obtenida. Para la evaluación de la sustentabilidad, probablemente no se contemplaron otros indicadores. Conclusiones: la elaboración de totopos es un importante mecanismo para generar ingresos económicos a costa de la salud de las mujeres involucradas. Es necesario impulsar estrategias para mejorar la sustentabilidad del SPT, entre ellas la adopción de ecotecnologías para volver eficiente el uso de leña, así como la capacitación para la autogestión en la comercialización del producto.
Carlos Gutiérrez Alfonzo. Minucias. Maneras de decir cómo se vive la frontera
Authors: López Soto Jared Adonai
Published: February 2023

Carlos Gutiérrez Alfonzo. (2021). Minucias. Maneras de decir cómo se vive la frontera. ISBN: 9786073054195. San Cristóbal de las Casas: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Centro de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias sobre Chiapas y la Frontera Sur.
Los hechos acontecidos en la periferia o en los márgenes suelen ocupar un lugar no prioritario en los intereses teóricos o críticos. Lo común es atender asuntos políticos, culturales o artístico de grupos sociales dominantes: la frontera norte de México es más estudiada que la del sur. Así sucede también en la antropología, disciplina en la que se ubica Minucias. Maneras de decir cómo se vive la frontera (2021) de Gutiérrez Alfonzo, un ensayo que lleva al lector a explorar “detalles” en la zona limítrofe con Guatemala.
La inteligencia en la construcción del privilegio racial, Colombia en el siglo XIX
Authors: Cobo Paz Natalia
Published: February 2023

Este artículo explora la relación entre privilegio racial e inteligencia, en el marco del proceso de consolidación de un proyecto nacional en Colombia durante el siglo XIX. A partir de las narrativas de algunos reputados letrados decimonónicos, se pretende sustentar que la inteligencia va a ocupar un lugar importante en la retórica según la cual los blancos criollos eran quienes, debido a sus facultades y capacidades, merecían ubicarse en una posición de poder privilegiada. En el contexto de un nuevo orden social, donde las lógicas coloniales habían sido cuestionadas desde diversos sectores de la población, la inteligencia funcionaba muy bien para sostener la idea de un sistema pretendidamente meritocrático con el cual se encubría los prejuicios raciales y se legitimaba la preeminencia de un grupo poblacional sobre el resto.
Manual fundamental conjunto MFC 1-0: doctrina conjunta
Authors:   Centro de Doctrina Conjunta (CEDCO)
Published: February 2023

El Manual Fundamental Conjunto (MFC 1-0) “Doctrina Conjunta” contiene los principios y la guía general para el empleo de las unidades conjuntas de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia. Esta publicación se constituye en la piedra angular de la jerarquía doctrinal y representa una evolución en la guía de guerra y teoría militar, pues establece el marco para aprovechar la sinergia de la integración de las capacidades de las Fuerzas Militares con el esfuerzo de acción unificada del Estado.
Assessment of the dietary pattern and serum zinc concentrations of adults in Umuahia North Local Government Area, Abia State
Authors: Ugbonta Peace Nkennaya , Obi-Okaro Alphonsus C. , Ezeama Nkiru N.
Published: February 2023

Dietary pattern is a parameter that assesses the general profile of food and nutrient consumption which is characterized on the basis of the usual eating habits. This study was conducted to assess the dietary pattern and serum zinc concentrations of adults in Umuahia North Local Government Area, Abia State. To achieve this, a cross-sectional analytical study design was conducted on a designed questionnaire distributed amongst 252 respondents to collate data on their socio-demographic characteristics on age, sex, marital status, religion, occupation, and educational levels. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was also carried out to assess adults’ dietary patterns daily, weekly, sometimes and none, on some foods such as cereals, vegetables, legumes, milk & dairy, meat, fish & seafood, eggs, roots, and tubers. Serum zinc was conducted on 50 volunteered adults from the study area. Serum zinc levels present in the collected blood samples were analyzed with the aid of an Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Data obtained was analyzed with the aid of SPSS software on mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA for the hypothesis. Serum zinc deficiency was defined as a zinc level of less than 46 ug/dl from a reference book. The mean concentrations of serum zinc of healthy adults conducted were recorded as male 49.566 ± 19.384, female 24.017±6.999, 38.025±24.862 (18-25years ), 37.305±18.263 (26-40years) and 39.294±19.446 (41-55years) respectively. The results revealed that serum zinc concentrations in the participating healthy adults were within the reference level of 46 ug/dl, and also statistically significant at a p-value of 0.01 for the alternate hypothesis. Also, the relationship test of association between dietary pattern and serum zinc concentration is statistically significant as their p-value was less than 0.05 (0.027). Also, the tests confer with the alternate hypothesis that the association between dietary pattern and serum zinc concentration of adults in Umuahia North LGA is statistically significant. This study, therefore, recommends that studies should be carried out in other areas where symptoms of zinc deficiency are evident.
EXAMINING THE FACTORIAL VALIDITY OF THE CHILD BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST 1.5-5 IN MEXICAN MOTHERS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Gil-Rodríguez Laura , Barcelata-Eguiarte Blanca Estela
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study was to examine the factorial structure of the CBCL/1.5-5 (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000) in a sample of mothers of preschool children aged 3 to 5 years from Mexico. 491 mothers completed the questionnaire in an online survey conducted from February 23rd to April 15th of 2022.  A confirmatory factor analyzes was carried out. The seven-factor model was reproduced almost entirety, with the exception of the Somatic Complaints factor. The second-order bifactorial model showed an adequate fit, integrating the children problems into two Broadband scales, Internalized and Externalized problems. The results provide preliminary evidence of the construct validity of the CBCL/1.5-5 that support its uses as a screening tool for emotional and behavioral problems in Mexican preschool children.
ТЕМА ВІЙНИ У ФОЛЬКЛОРІ: НОВОТВОРИ, ФОЛЬКЛОРИЗАЦІЯ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ТЕКСТІВ КОЛЯДОК)
Authors: ЯРЕМКО Лілія
Published: February 2023

У статті проаналізовано тексти колядок-новотворів, які з’явилися на початку ХХІ століття у зв’язку з війною росії проти України. Мова іде про появу нових варіантів фольклорних текстів. Такі новотвори ми маємо у багатьох жанрах української усної народної творчості. Але найбільше ми спостерігаємо це явище у зимовому циклі календарно-обрядової творчості. Важливість проблеми зумовлена потребою вивчення відображення теми війни у сучасному процесі творення фольклору. Мета статті показати, як у фольклорі, зокрема у колядках, знаходять відображення воєнні теми, з’являються нові мотиви. Ми беремо для аналізу тексти колядок-новотворів, що присвячені зимовій календарній обрядовості, які зараз активно побутують у мас-медіа та інтернет-ресурсах. Проводимо аналіз тексту колядки «Сумний, святий вечір» з періоду 1940-х років і зіставляємо з новими текстами, які виникають у сьогоденні. Інтерпретуємо текст авторської колядки «Там, во Бахмуті», яку зараз активно виконують творчі колективи. Звісно, текст цього твору написано після боїв у Бахмуті. Розглядаємо тексти колядок «Добрий вечір тобі, пане Господарю», з певними текстологічними видозмінами.У текстах  з’являються нові мотиви, які пов’язані з опоетизацією сміливості і відваги  бійців ЗСУ, вірою у Перемогу  українського народу у цій війні. Звертаємо увагу на поетикальні засоби вираження у текстах. Безперечно, у класифікації колядок за адресатами, можемо говорити про нові тематичні групи: колядки воїну ЗСУ, колядки командувачу ЗСУ (Валерію Залужному). Потрібен певний час для того, щоб ці тексти закріпилися у фольклорній традиції. Методологічною основою статті є використання діахронно-синхронного принципу аналізу, функціонально-системний підхід до вивчення новітніх явищ духовної спадщини українців.
РОДИННА Й СІМЕЙНА ТЕМАТИКА У ПОЕЗІЇ Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА 1849 РР.
Authors: МИНЕНКО Юрій
Published: February 2023

У статті проаналізовані твори Т. Шевченка,  в яких розкривається тема сім’ї й родини.      У цих творах ліричне «я» поета зливається з авторським, що підтверджує – перед нами переживання й думки самого Шевченка. Світогляд поета цілком збігається з патріархальними поглядами українського села середини ХІХ століття. Саме тому головним джерелом родинної і сімейної тематики поезій стала народна пісенна творчість.  На мотиви українського фольклору написано багато творів 1849 року.

Особливо посилюються мотиви самотності, бажання «щирого серця» у поезії періоду заслання. В окремих поезіях  ліричне  «Я» автора намагається нібито відмовитися від намірів знайти вірну подругу життя. однак  їхня несправжніст, «вдаваність» підтверджується насиченістю поезій романтичними ідилічними картинами, а також дитячими образами. Поступово формується усвідомлення про Батьківщину, Україну не лише як матір, а й «дружину» ліричного «Я» автора у поетичній творчості Тараса Шевченка.

Цьому, приміром, присвячена уся невеличка поема «Сотник», що підтверджує: шлюб старого діда і молодої дівчини є явищем неприроднім, як це і сприймалося у патріархальному українському селі. Одружуватися самому Шевченку після заслання може бути вже запізно. Сприятливий час для створення сім’ї уже минув. Хоча спроб одружитися Шевченко не залишатиме і після заслання, прикладом чого може бути історія з Ликерією Полусмаковою.

Ліричний герой поезії «Нащо мені женитися?» обирає козацьку волю, а його «чорнобривкою» стане «високая могилонька», а не молода дівчина. Таке розв’язання сюжету свідчить про невіру поета не лише у щасливе, а й у будь-яке майбутнє.

Окреме місце у поезії Шевченка посідають дитячі образи. Образ сироти у Шевченка посідає чільне місце. Не забуваймо також, що й сам поет з 11-річного віку був круглим сиротою. Проекцію на власний життєвий досвід знаходимо у поезії «І золотої й дорогої».
Nonlinear Modal Responses of Damaged Shell Structures: Numerical Prediction and Experimental Validation
Authors: Kumar Vikash , Panda Subrata Kumar , Dwivedi Madhuresh , Mahmoud S. R. , Balubaid Mohammed
Published: February 2023

The nonlinear finite element (FE) modeling approach has been adopted to model and predict the modal responses of the combined damaged (crack and delamination) layered shell structures. The damaged panel structure has been constructed mathematically using a circular meshing approach of the FE technique to include the crack. Similarly, the sublaminate approach has being used to introduce delamination of the layered structure on a mutual center. The structural distorted geometry and the deformations were modeled through the full geometrical nonlinear strain-displacement (Green–Lagrange) relations in association with higher-order polynomial functions. The modal responses of the damaged structure were obtained through an iterative method in association with the nonlinear FE technique. The predicted response accuracies were established with two-step verifications: that is, the numerical solution stability (elemental sensitivity) and the degree of deviation with published data. The maximum deviation between the developed numerical model and the reference result (first-order shear deformation theory) was 8.3%. The model’s competence and responses were compared with experimental data, with and without damages. Finally, new examples have been solved for different structural geometry-dependent parameters (shell configurations, delamination shapes, crack positions/lengths, end boundaries, etcetera) affecting final modal values. A detailed in-depth understanding of the damage and curvature (unequal/equal curvature) effects on modal responses will be discussed.
Identificación de aspectos ambientales: una herramienta para su aplicación
Authors: Severiche-Sierra Carlos
Published: February 2023

La planificación de un sistema de gestión ambiental es de gran trascendencia para las organizaciones, el diagnóstico de los aspectos ambientales relacionados con las actividades, productos y servicios que se pueden controlar y la determinación de aquellos que tienen o pueden tener impactos significativos sobre el ambiente son los importantes y significativos. El objetivo principal fue analizar cualitativamente la literatura científica disponible en las bases de datos y páginas web oficiales de Scielo, Redalyc y Google Académico, utilizando como palabras de búsqueda: aspectos ambientales de entrada y salida, consumos de recursos naturales y generación de desecho. Se obtuvo información relevante relacionada con el objetivo propuesto, que se presenta en 3 apartados: identificación de las entradas y salidas de los procesos; procedimiento de identificación de los aspectos ambientales y valoración de los aspectos ambientales. Se constata que el diagnóstico de aspectos ambientales constituye una herramienta útil para la identificación de problemas que afectan el ambiente y la armonía de las organizaciones con su entorno, asimismo podría permitir el diseño de sistemas de gestión ambiental.
Shifting Focus to Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) Technology to Enhance Well Productivity and Recovery in Malaysia Fields
Authors: Ho Yeek Huey , Fazilah Siti Rodhiah , Nava Bastidas Jesus , Amsidom Amirul Adha , Rosland Eadie Azahar , Idris Khairul Nizam , Masoudi Rahim , Trjangganung Kukuh , Mohd Khair Zahrah , majid Mohamad Syafiq , Subandi Ahmad Nabil , Chandaran Tharushana
Published: February 2023

More than 50% of Malaysia fields are matured or at its late life stage. These fields are mostly highly dependent on gas lift as the artificial lift method to maximize well potential and reserves recovery. Many of these fields are presently facing matured field operational challenges such as high water cut, shortage of gas lift supply, reservoir pressure depletion and aging facilities.

As host authority for all hydrocarbon resources in Malaysia, PETRONAS Malaysia Petroleum Management (MPM) has initiated a Malaysia- wide effort to improve the production rate and recovery of hydrocarbon by expanding the usage of Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) as an alternative artificial lift method. ESP is an alternative artificial lift method that has been successfully pilot deployment.

This paper focuses on the strategy of ESP replications at Malaysia to address production decline and extending well life through various enabler to support the target. PETRONAS has identified 10% of producing wells in Malaysia that will benefit from ESP technology, resulting in 6% incremental production. Subsequently, PETRONAS embarking ESP Feasibility Study with Solution Partner to mature ESP opportunities basket in integrated approach surface and subsurface and acts as an enabler for PAC to evaluate future fields for ESP replications.

There are four main scopes in Feasibility Study which are, (i) Data Gathering and Well Screening, (ii) Potential Candidate Identification, (iii) Maturation of Opportunities Proposal and (iv) cost effective solution for ESP implementation. At the same time, ESP Integrated Contract which will serve as end-to-end solution for all PACs, is being developed by MPM as a key enabler to enhance ESP replications via more volume of work, lower cost, and improved lifecycle efficiency.

There were five fields were under the ESP Feasibility Studies where comprehensive of subsurface and surface study were conducted. More than 500 strings were evaluated. A 50 well proposals were completed and the ESP opportunities to be implemented by phases to address production decline and to increase well life, leveraging on ESP Integrated Contract to create more value to PETRONAS and PAC. The feasibility study has also guided PETRONAS in candidate prioritization. Long term roadmap on ESP replications was developed to fully capitalize on ESP Technology to enhance Malaysia production and reserves monetization by creating the right ESP eco-system for the Oil & Gas Industry. The feasibility Studies approach enable future ESP studies in Malaysia fields.
Integrated Multiscale Carbonate Rock Types Prediction Using Multiscale Data and Kohonen Self-Organising Maps in E11 Field, Central Luconia Province, Malaysia
Authors: Jimenez Soto Grisel , Abdul Latiff Abdul Halim , Ben Habel Wael , Poppelreiter Michael
Published: February 2023

A crucial role that significantly affects carbonate field development for hydrocarbon and carbon sequestration (CCS) projects is reducing uncertainty in rock type prediction. The carbonate reservoirs in Central Luconia Province, Malaysia, are significant economic worldwide reservoirs and are currently considered excellent candidates for Carbon Storage containers. The nature of these carbonate rock properties is visible and notably distinguishable at the core scale.

To characterize significant petrophysical and geological factors of the distribution of the rock properties in the E11 carbonate build-up, this work proposes a sequence of processes (workflow) for obtaining spatial information about the organization using Kohonen Self-organizing maps.

This work highlights the significant geological and petrophysical constraints on the distribution of rock properties in the E11 field. Using self-organizing maps, the predicted rock types were propagated among wells with no core available.

Using this workflow, multiscale data is categorized according to "patterns". The phases include Phase 1: Detailed core description, Phase 2: Microscope sections description, Phase 3: Well logs analysis, Phase 4: Well logs analysis, and Phase 4: Self-organizing maps using IPSOM module in Techlog software. Considering the stratigraphic organization, juxtaposition, and proportions, the anticipated rock type closely resembles the rock types identified by core description manually.

The results allow a comprehensive understanding of flow behavior in carbonate tight and reservoir rock types.
Impact Of Cation Exchange On Polymer In-Situ Viscosity: An Experimental Investigation For A Low-Salinity Polymer Flooding Case
Authors: Rousseau David , Salaün Mathieu
Published: February 2023

Cation exchange occurs when water with a different salinity as the connate brine is injected in a reservoir. During polymer flooding operations, the potential release of divalent cations by the rock can have a detrimental impact on the in-situ viscosity in the polymer bank. The objective of this work was to assess for the risk related to cations exchange in an Argentinian oilfield and to provide guidelines for the injection water design.

Reservoir rock samples were first submitted to mineralogical analysis involving scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and determination of their Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC). Coreflood tests were then performed where the effluents were analyzed for their cations composition. In these experiments, two main scenarios for the composition of the low-salinity injection water (with or without softening) were investigated and the transport properties of the polymer were determined. As a more exploratory approach, polymer was also injected in a 12-meter-long slim tube filled with crushed reservoir rock, to assess if it could be exposed to released cations.

The results showed that all reservoir rocks investigated had high CEC, which was consistent with their high clay contents, and that significant cations exchanges took place during low salinity water injection, although no formation damage occurred, showing the stability of the clays. During injection of the softened water, evidences of significant divalent (and monovalent) cations release from the rock were found. During injection of the unsoftened water, a marked and long-term adsorption of the injected calcium cations was observed, corresponding to a depletion in calcium of the injected water. This suggests that, quite counter-intuitively, using unsoftened water as polymer make up water could be interesting in view of economics because the cations exchanges could entail an increase of the in-situ viscosity. The coreflood test results also showed that the presence of polymer in the injected water had no impact on the cations exchanges mechanisms. The partial results from the slim tube injection test suggested, however, that the retardation of the polymer bank caused by polymer adsorption was sufficient to avoid for its viscosity to be affected by the changes in cations distribution.

This study illustrates the importance of cation exchange mechanisms and their potential impact for polymer flooding. It also shows that these effects can be investigated in a representative manner at the lab and that practical guidelines for the composition of the polymer injection water can be deduced from the experiments, provided a risk for in-situ viscosity reduction is identified.
Secondary Versus Tertiary Polymer Flooding: A Laboratory Evaluation in Low Permeability HT/HS Carbonate Reservoir Conditions
Authors: Ould Metidji Mahmoud , Juarez Morejon Jose Luis , Garcia Mayoral Maria Flor , Rodriguez Pardo Maria Rosario , Montes Ruiz Jesus , Lereau Damien , Monzon Vazquez Jorge , Dupuis Guillaume
Published: February 2023

Polymer flooding is a well-established EOR technique widely implemented in sandstone reservoirs. Sulfonated acrylamide-based copolymers recently proved their potential in harsh HT/HS carbonate reservoirs with pilot tests upcoming in the Middle East. While polymer flooding is often classified as a tertiary recovery method, the present study aims to evaluate EOR efficiencies in secondary and tertiary recovery scenarios. The polymer selection process and characterization in porous media are described in detail.

The study was conducted on a lab-scale at a temperature of 120°C. The salinity of seawater used for injection was 42 g/L TDS. The polymer selection was based on a thorough rheology and filterability study. The coreflooding tests were performed on limestone outcrops with permeability in the range of 40 mD. Single-phase experiments were performed to evaluate the impact of a pre-shearing step and study the in-situ rheology. Secondary and tertiary oil recovery experiments were conducted using reservoir dead oil. In all experiments, the tracer method was used to determine dynamic adsorption.

The rheology and filterability study identified the best candidate (SAV 10) among three different molecular weight polymers containing the same high-sulfonation level. The target viscosity for the desired mobility ratio was 3 cP at 120°C, achieved with a polymer concentration of 3500 ppm. The single-phase experiments suggested that pre-shearing the polymer reduced the apparent shear thickening at high velocities due to a reduction in viscoelastic properties. The best oil recovery performances were obtained in the secondary mode (polymer flood applied at Swi) with a 15% higher recovery when compared to the tertiary mode (after reaching Sorw). The results correlate with a later breakthrough for the earlier polymer flood case. In both cases the mobility ratio was comparable (0.18-0.20) and much lower than waterflooding (1.5). The polymer dynamic adsorption estimated with the tracer method was about 140 μg/g rock in brine saturated cores, decreasing to ~100 μg/g rock in the presence of residual oil saturation. The in-situ rheology evaluation after stable recovery was reached following polymer flooding (Sorp), evidenced less apparent shear thickening, which could be related to a change in the conformation of the pores in the presence of oil.

Most studies reported on secondary and tertiary polymer flooding focused on the case of heavy-oil sandstone reservoirs. The present work introduces new insights on early implementation of polymer flooding to optimize oil production by maximizing the performance of the method in HT/HS carbonate reservoirs. Furthermore, our study provides new insights about sulfonated acrylamide-base copolymer rheology in porous media for low permeability carbonate cores.