bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trânsito e transitados na província de Santo Antônio do Brasil (Séc. XVIII)
Authors: Maior de Melo Bruno Kawai Souto
Published: March 2021

No transcurso do século XVIII a conduta dos frades da província de Santo Antônio do Brasil foi frequentemente criticada pelos poderes eclesiásticos e civis. A regularidade das queixas, seguidas de outras questões como o expressivo número de irmãos, teriam impulsionado a implementação de uma reforma com o propósito de aperfeiçoar o comportamento dos padres. Dentre os desvios que receberam especial atenção, destacava-se o uso indiscriminado das cartas de trânsito, o que teria provocado o avanço de algumas transgressões, a exemplo da apostasia. Isto posto, o presente texto pretende contribuir com uma maior compreensão a respeito do trânsito e dos padres transitados na província de Santo Antônio do Brasil. À vista disso, refletiremos sobre os espaços de poder ocupados por algumas de nossas personagens, suas redes de atuação, as estratégias utilizadas ao longo dos processos de solicitação das licenças de trânsito, as relações conflituosas com o episcopado e com os superiores da ordem franciscana, além dos embates produzidos na corte portuguesa, o que teria envolvido inclusive o papado.
INDONESIAN MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF CONTENT AND STUDENTS OF AREA AND PERIMETER OF RECTANGLE
Authors: Yunianto Wahid , Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra , Crisan Cosette
Published: March 2021

Measuring teachers' skills and competencies is necessary to ensure teacher quality and contribute to education quality. Research has shown teachers competencies and skills influence students’ performances. Previous studies explored teachers’ knowledge through testing. Teachers' knowledge of the topic of area-perimeter and teaching strategies has been assessed through testing. In general, items or tasks to assess mathematics teacher knowledge in the previous studies were dominated by subject matter knowledge problems. Thus, it seems that the assessment has not fully covered the full range of teacher knowledge and competencies. In this study, the researchers investigated mathematics teachers’ Knowledge of Content and Students (KCS) through lesson plans developed by the teachers. To accommodate the gap in the previous studies, this study focuses on KCS on the topic of area-perimeter through their designed lesson plans. Twenty-nine mathematics teachers attended a professional development activity voluntarily participated in this study. Two teachers were selected to be the focus of this case study. Content analysis of the lesson plan and semi-structured interviews were conducted, and then data were analyzed. It revealed that the participating teachers were challenged when making predictions of students' possible responses. They seemed unaware of the ordinary students' strategies used to solve maximizing area from a given perimeter. With limited knowledge of students' possible strategies and mistakes, these teachers were poorly prepared to support student learning.
Funnel trap as a method for capture migrating bats in Pape, Latvia
Authors: Keišs Oskars , Spalis Donats , Pētersons Gunārs
Published: March 2021

We constructed a large funnel trap on the coast of the Baltic Sea on dunes of Pape village, Latvia. The trap has been used during the peak autumn migration of bats in Latvia in August and September. During the period of 2014 – 2020, about 40 thousand bats were captured in the trap, mostly Nathusius’ Pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii, about 35 thousand individuals. In migration hotspots of bats, this is suggested method of trapping since large number of bats might be trapped without entangling bats in mist-nets.
Commercial Artificial Sweeteners Affect Mice Limb Development: A Morphology and Morphometric Study
Authors: Qudsi Fatma Al- , Ahmadi Abrar Al- , Ganash Magdah
Published: March 2021

Artificial sweeteners are food additives that provide a sweet taste like that of sugar while containing significantly fewer or no calories. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of commercial artificial sweeteners on mouse limb development. Adult female mice were divided into three groups: control group, vehicle control group and treated group. The treated group received orally 40 mg/kg body weight artificial sweetener solution, while the vehicle control group received distilled water. The groups were left to mate with normal untreated male mice. On confirmed conception, pregnant females were separated from males. The dose was orally given to the test group before mating, throughout the gestational period till three weeks after giving birth. Foetuses E14.5 and E19.5, were extracted, and newborn and 3 weeks old offspring were examined, and their growth parameters were measured. Congenital malformations were seen in the treated group, such as cerebellar hypertrophy, an increase in the number of forelimbs, atrophy in the lower limb. In some embryos, the amniotic membrane was adherent to the embryo with a very low amount of amniotic fluid. Bone malformation was clearly seen in 1-week offspring, as basic forelimb and hind limb bones were missing. The results of this study showed that there was significant growth retardation in E14.5 and newborns. While in E19.5- and week 3 offspring, there was a significant growth increase (increase in weight, body length tail length and tail length to body length ratio). It was concluded that commercial artificial sweeteners altered growth rate during embryonic development and produced bone and limb congenital malformations in mice.
A tradução como arte
Authors: Bezerra Paulo
Published: March 2021

O autor comenta aspectos do processo tradutório, ancorado em sua experiência de tradutor do russo para o português. Aventurando-se pelo território do outro, explorando sua língua, sua cultura, seu estilo, o tradutor ganha nesse processo a chance da reconstrução de si.
Sobre os Dogon - a terra, o povo, os cantos de YaSegei
Authors: Matos Cláudia Neiva de
Published: March 2021

Dividido em três partes, o artigo trata da cultura e dos cantos Dogon, etnia do Mali, na África Ocidental. A partir de uma viagem à Terra Dogon, é encetada uma pesquisa consistindo na gravação, transcrição e tradução, em parceria com nativos bilíngües, de um repertório de cantos entoados por YaSegei, moradora na aldeia de Begnemato. Expõe-se o encaminhamento do trabalho e as relações estabelecidas entre a pesquisadora e seus informantes (cantora, transcritores, tradutores). O processo ainda está em curso, e deve ser pensado à luz do desenvolvimento polêmico dos estudos sobre os Dogon, instaurado com as viagens e escritos do etnógrafo Marcel Griaule e de seus colaboradores, e aqui retraçado em suas linhas gerais.
Em defesa de uma concepção pragmática de linguagem
Authors: Marcondes Danilo
Published: March 2021

Este texto procura defender a importância do desenvolvimento na filosofia da linguagem contemporânea de uma concepção pragmática de linguagem, assim como de um método pragmático de análise da linguagem. Contrastamos inicialmente duas concepções de pragmática, a primeira que considera o contexto como noção central, e a segunda que toma a linguagem como ação. Adotamos a concepção de linguagem como ação como modelo da pragmática e examinamos as duas principais vertentes representativas desta visão, Wittgenstein com os jogos de linguagem e Austin com a Teoria dos Atos de Fala. Em seguida propomos um desenvolvimento da Teoria dos Atos de Fala que possa vir a caracterizar-se como uma filosofia pragmática da linguagem.
Identidades profissionais em contextos organizacionais 'glocais'
Authors: Oliveira Maria do Carmo Leite de , Silva José Roberto Gomes da
Published: March 2021

Uma das mais importantes questões relativas à mudança organizacional é o efeito sobre as identidades dos indivíduos, o que se torna ainda mais complexo quando diferentes culturas estão envolvidas, como tem sido o caso das privatizações de empresas no Brasil. Este estudo analisa o discurso de dois empregados de uma empresa brasileira que, após privatizada, passou a ser gerida por um grupo europeu. Por meio desta análise, procura-se compreender como os dois indivíduos vêem a situação de mudanças, em termos da inserção dos estrangeiros no cenário organizacional e de seu autoconceito. Os resultados mostram que, ao falarem sobre os estrangeiros, os indivíduos procuram reforçar as suas próprias identidades, como tentativa de lidar com os desafios do contexto.
Tradução e viagem: relações de poder
Authors: Rodrigues Cristina Carneiro
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho vou explorar questões de poder relacionadas à tradução e à viagem. Analisa-se como um britânico, o tradutor e viajante Richard Francis Burton, relata sua viagem ao Brasil e como ele é aqui traduzido. O traduzir e o viajar são enfocados enquanto modos de estabelecimento de relações entre o próprio e o Outro, o nacional e o estrangeiro e abordam-se as implicações desse encontro quando o viajante provém de um país hegemônico e escreve sobre país não-hegemônico e é nele traduzido.
L'écriture du sentiment: de la scène à la confidence, quelques réflexions à propos du registre émotionnel
Authors: Cicurel Francine
Published: March 2021

En situation d'interlocution, le sujet doit simultanément décoder le message verbal et saisir l'ensemble complexe d'indices et de signes émis. On peut à juste titre s'interroger sur la genèse et la mise en place d'une telle compétence. Comment savons-nous accomplir ces actions complexes, à quelles instances sommes-nous confrontés pour apprendre à exprimer et à lire les intentions et les émotions d'autrui ? On se propose ici d'interroger la capacité humaine à effectuer une « lecture de l' autre » en partant de l'hypothèse suivante : une partie importante de la communication orale n'est pas verbalisée, et c'est vers la littérature qu'il faut se tourner pour avoir accès à des éléments qui font partie intégrante des échanges mais qui ne sont pas dits dans l'instance orale. On rappellera quelques concepts essentiels de l'anthropologie et de l'interactionnisme symbolique pour montrer que l'opacité du comportement de l' autre peut parfois étre réduite grâce à un certain nombre de notions proposées par ces théories. Nous voulons montrer dans cet article que les formes écrites peuvent devenir un support privilégié pour une meilleure connaissance de l'oral.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A escritura do sentimento: da cena à confiança, algumas reflexões sobre o registro emocionalEm situação de interlocução, o sujeito deve ao mesmo tempo decodificar a mensagem verbal e captar o complexo conjunto de pistas e de sinais emitidos. Cabe perguntar-se, e com razão, sobre a gênese e o desenvolvimento de semelhante competência. De que maneira tornamo-nos capazes de realizar essas ações complexas, diante de que exigências aprendemos a nos expressar e a ler as intenções e as emoções de outro? Trata-se aqui de refletir sobre a capacidade humana de efetuar uma «leitura do outro», partindo da hipótese seguinte: uma parte importante da comunicação oral não é verbalizada, e é a literatura que pode permitir o acesso a elementos que fazem parte integrante das trocas mas que não são ditos na instância oral. Serão retomados alguns conceitos essenciais da antropologia e do interacionismo simbólico para mostrar que a opacidade do comportamento do outro pode às vezes ser reduzida graças a algumas noções propostas por essas teorias. Pretende-se mostrar, neste artigo, que as formas escritas podem tomar-se um suporte privilegiado quando se busca conhecer o oral.---Artigo em Francês
A cantiga como armadura de guerra - um estudo sobre a pluralidade de sentidos presente em uma cantiga medieval-ibérica
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: March 2021

O objeto deste artigo é discutir as relações entre Poesia e Poder, examinando as tensões políticas e sociais das sociedades medievais ibéricas através da prática e poesia dos trovadores galego-portugueses. Depois de uma apresentação inicial do contexto histórico e das fontes examinadas, o texto analisa uma cantiga galego-portuguesa na qual pode ser vista uma pluralidade de sentidos de acordo com os deslocamentos da cantiga no contexto social e político. O acontecimento examinado através da análise da cantiga é a centralização monárquica a que assistimos em Portugal do século XIII.
A arte de vestir africanamente brancos manequins
Authors: Padilha Laura Cavalcante
Published: March 2021

O artigo analisa o processo de atravessamento de formas de representação dos textos orais no corpo letrado de romances angolanos e moçambicanos contemporâneos, processo pelo qual o referido corpo acaba por cobrir-se de uma outra roupagem distinta daquela com que a ocidentalidade sempre o vestira, como se faz com um manequim. Por outro lado, a leitura tenta surpreender, no traçado diegético de tais produções, de que modo o imaginário dos romancistas reforça seus referentes simbólico-culturais, sem, no entanto, deixar de lado a herança branco-ocidental. Os romances O manequim e o piano de Manuel Rui (2005) e O sétimo juramento de Paulina Chiziane (2000) servem de base paradigmática para a leitura.
Seis olhares sobre um estranho em Goa
Authors: Domingues Evandro Luis Von Sydow
Published: March 2021

Este texto lança alguns olhares sobre o romance Um Estranho em Goa, do escritor angolano José Eduardo Agualusa. Discute-se como o texto, tanto por sua forma - um misto de ficção e relato de viagem - corno por seu conteúdo - o território de Goa, na Índia, antiga colônia portuguesa - insere-se no que denominamos urna poética mestiça.
Os escritores africanos e o Prêmio Nobel
Authors: Reis Eliana Lourenço de Lima
Published: March 2021

A atribuição do Prêmio Nobel a escritores africanos, como Wole Soyinka e Nadine Gordimer, contribui para dar maior visibilidade a sua obra e a seu papel de intelectuais. Discute-se nesse trabalho como esses dois autores se comportam frente às novas exigências advindas dessa legitimação literária, em especial com relação a aparições públicas e na mídia.
Posições, competências e funções da tradução literária
Authors: Olmi Alba
Published: March 2021

Este artigo se propõe a considerar algumas posições teóricas da tradução literária que situam a processo tradutório dentro de um conjunto de competências, objetivos e funções, desmistificando assim a caráter meramente reprodutivo que lhe foi atribuído no passado. Ao mesmo tempo, destaca-se a autonomia da tradução literária e seu papel histórico, político e cultural que propicia o questionamento do cânone ocidental num contexto pós-colonial. Outro aspecto considerado foi a papel relevante da visibilidade do tradutor como mediador cultural.
O CORPO E A CIDADE: AOS CUIDADOS DE AFRODITE
Authors: Costa Vilma
Published: March 2021

O corpo e a cidade: aos cuidados de Afrodite discute como se dá e que papel desempenha, no imaginário contemporâneo, a tensão estabelecida entre a necessidade de construção de sentidos para a existência humana e a vivência em um universo urbano de aparente não-senso da sociedade do espetáculo e do consumo, a partir da leitura do romance A fúria do corpo (1981), de João Gilberto Noll e do filme Os amantes da Pont Neuf (1986), de Leos Carax. Investiga-se em que medida as experiências erótica e estética tem sido impulsionadoras de leituras e escritas de uma nova sensibilidade.
Arquivos pessoais e as fronteiras da arquivologia
Authors: Lopez André Porto Ancona
Published: March 2021

O artigo discute algumas das especificidades dos arquivos pessoais, tendo em vista os princípios teóricos da arquivologia como um todo. Os arquivos pessoais, por estarem mais sujeitos a terem a custódia interrompida pelos herdeiros e por se constituírem de materiais ligados aos interesses pessoais do titular, portanto, não passíveis de generalizações, demandam a adequação aos princípios teóricos da arquivologia. A perda dos dados contextuais da produção arquivística pode comprometer a extração de significados.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE LINGUAGEM POÉTICA E VISUAL: NOTAS SOBRE A POESIA DE ROBERTO ECHAVARREN
Authors: Andrade Antonio
Published: March 2021

Este ensaio é um exercício de leitura da poesia do uruguaio Roberto Echavarren, a partir do qual busco observar algumas relações entre linguagem poética e visual. Investigando tais relações, pretendo compreender como a poesia dialoga criticamente com a vida cultural contemporânea, marcada por um processo de alienação que se intensifica cada vez mais através da proliferação de imagens midiáticas. Por isso também me parece interessante, através dessa leitura, a possibilidade de aprofundar aspectos da poesia neobarroca hispano-americana, vista que ela configura uma forma de visualidade convulsionada que evidencia tensões características da saciedade atual. Desse modo, meu trabalho é uma tentativa de estimular o debate sobre a obra desse poeta, assim como sabre outras vozes da produção poética latino-americana, cuja circulação em nosso meio literário e cultural ainda é bastante pequena.
FICÇÃO E REALIDADE NA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA CONTEMPORÂNEA: FRONTEIRAS
Authors: Viegas Ana Cláudia
Published: March 2021

O ensaio se propõe refletir sobre as interações entre a literatura brasileira contemporânea e as tecnologias audiovisuais e digitais, discutindo possíveis novas relações entre ficção e realidade a partir de três romances de Bernardo Carvalho: Teatro (1998), Nove noites (2002) e Mongólia (2003).
El entre-lugar brasilero en el museo latinoamericano
Authors: Bravo Alvaro Fernández
Published: March 2021

La posición del Brasil en la historiografia literaria hispanoamericana ocupa un lugar inestable. Comparando las obras de Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, Martín García Mérou y Pedro Henríquez Ureña, el artículo reconstruye distintas miradas sobre la literatura brasilera y su relación con la tradición hispánica. Por momentos incluido y por momentos expulsado de la totalidad latinoamericana, el lugar del Brasil permite interrogar la cambiante autoimágen de América Latina construida por la crítica literaria.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------O entre-lugar brasileiro no museu latino-americanoA posição do Brasil na historiografia literária latino-americana ocupa um lugar instável. Comparando-se as obras de Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, Martin Garcia e Pedro Henriquez Urena Mérou, o artigo reconstrói visões diferentes sobre literatura brasileira e sua relação com a tradição hispânica. Às vezes incluídos e, por vezes, expulsos da totalidade latino-americana, o lugar do Brasil permite examinar a auto-imagem cambiante da América Latina construída pela crítica literária. ---Artigo em espanhol.
Descompassos entre sociedade iletrada e cultura erudita no Brasil
Authors: Portolomeos Andréa
Published: March 2021

Este ensaio pretende discutir o dualismo entre literatura popular e erudita no Brasil. Partindo do contexto carioca modernizador, no início do século XX, analisa-se como a industrialização da imprensa, com a contratação de escritores pelos jornais e a popularização de sua produção, foi fundamental para deslanchar o processo de autonomização do literário entre nós. Apesar desses textos amenos, produzidos nas folhas diárias, serem fundamentais na história da nossa cultura, não constituíram sistema na literatura brasileira. Com base em Alfredo Bosi e Silviano Santiago, abordam-se alguns aspectos ideológicos inerentes a tal marginalização.
Product differentiation and brand building: a hedonic analysis of yogurt price in China
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhang Xiaoheng , Zhou Qingjie
Published: March 2021

The Chinese yogurt market has seen strong growth in recent years. To meet consumers’ diverse demand, yogurt manufacturers have invested substantially in product and brand strategies – they not only introduce new attributes to yogurt, but also create sub-brands with distinct product positioning. However, little is known regarding the effectiveness of these strategies. We fill this research gap by estimating the price premiums associated with main yogurt attributes and brands using a hedonic analysis framework. Our main findings are that plain flavored yogurt and yogurt with sugar are associated with negative price premiums while having fat, having probiotics, ambient and being designed for kids are associated with positive price premiums. Moreover, sub-brand effect plays an important role in consumer’s valuation of yogurt due to their distinct product positioning, and sub-brands that position themselves as natural, ambient, European-style, traditional style, fruits and grains, and for children have high price premium.
Consumers’ willingness to pay for organic, clean label, and processed with a new food technology: an application to ready meals
Authors: Uddin Azhar , Gallardo R. Karina
Published: March 2021

Agri-food companies face the challenge that clean labels and organic are not possible for some processed foods – such as shelf-stable ready meals – with existing processing technologies. This study uses data collected via an online survey and estimates consumers’ willingness to pay for the attributes organic, clean label, and processed with a new food technology in a ready meal. Based on previous literature, one would expect that consumers who prefer a clean label would also prefer a product that is certified organic. However, it was found that consumers who frequently purchase ready meals, prefer a clean label over the organic certification. Results from a latent class analysis identified three classes of consumers within the sample of respondents, the pro-organic and clean label consumer, the pro-clean label and new technology, and the indifferent consumer. The classes of consumers identified in this study, showed heterogeneous preferences towards the organic and clean label attributions, which emphasizes the need to complement the consumer preference assessment with a segmentation analysis. Our findings highlight the importance of technological innovations and the need of presenting consumers with complete information on the new food technologies to mitigate potential neophobias due to unfamiliarity.
Export guarantees and firm performance in the context of corporate governance
Authors: Arora Kashika , Siddiqui Areej Aftab
Published: March 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) the forerunners of the Indian economy equipped with the greatest potential of growth and employment opportunities are the focus of this paper. By examining firm-level data for years 2007-2008 and 2017-2018, this paper captures the simultaneous expenditure on insurance premium and export earnings on the technical efficiency of firms. On applying stochastic frontier production function, results reveal that Indian MSMEs although being labour intensive have high average technical efficiency in the two comparative years. Results also indicate that factors such as firm size, age, ownership, technological imports both embodied and disembodied, expenditure on R&D, and export guarantees contribute to the technical efficiency of MSMEs. The top 25 percent of efficient MSMEs in 2017-2018 rely more on exports, have higher forex earnings with higher expenditure on marketing & advertising, and expenditure on export guarantees. This thus warrants a further improvement in technical efficiency through access to financial services, skilled labour, training of labour, enhancing and attracting foreign investment for operational collaborations, and incentives for easier and risk-free penetration in the world market
City flood disaster scenario simulation based on 1D-2D coupled rain-flood model: A case study in Luoyang, China.
Authors: Liu Chengshuai , Yang Fan , hu caihong , Yao Yichen , Sun Yue , Zha Bin
Published: March 2021

In order to realize the reproduction and simulation of urban rainstorm
and waterlogging scenarios with complex underlying surfaces. Based on
the Mike series models, we constructed an urban storm-flood coupling
model considering one-dimensional river channels, two-dimensional ground
and underground pipe networks. Luoyang City was used as a pilot to
realize the construction of a one-dimensional and two-dimensional
coupled urban flood model and flood simulation. where is located in the
western part of Henan Province, China. The coupled model was calibrated
and verified by the submerged water depths of 16 survey points in two
historical storms flood events. The average relative error of the
calibration simulated water depth was 22.65%, and the average absolute
error was 13.93cm; the average relative error of the verified simulated
water depth was 15.27%, The average absolute error is 7.54cm, and the
simulation result is good. Finally, 28 rains with different return
periods and different durations were designed to simulate and analyze
the rainstorm inundation in the downtown area of Luoyang. The result
shows that the R2 of rainfall and urban rainstorm inundation is 0.8776,
and the R2 of rainfall duration and urban rainstorm inundation is
0.8141. Therefore, rainfall is the decisive factor in the formation of
urban waterlogging disasters, which is actually the rainfall duration.
The study results have important practical significance for urban flood
prevention, disaster reduction and traffic emergency management.
Land use changes and their impact on Soil and vegetation properties over Kanshi watershed, Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Sohail , Jabeen Shehla
Published: March 2021

Large scale changes in land use pattern such as deforestation and
machine-intensive farming process have increased carbon concentrations
in atmosphere which negatively affects agricultural sector.
Cross-disciplinary approaches were applied to investigate the land use
changes and their impacts on the soil properties over Kanshi watershed.
The results revealed that vegetation cover has been declined over the
Kanshi catchment area during the last two decades. The deforestation and
urbanization are the basic reasons for the fall of water tables in the
Kanshi catchment area. Furthermore, the decreasing trend of rainfall and
increasing trend of temperature was estimated during the last two
decades. While the water discharge was decreased by 44.15 % during the
last two decades in the Kanshi watershed. This substantial and
significant change resultant due to climate change or increased
intercession of anthropogenic activities on the earth surface. The
highest stream flow was found in 1992 in the Kanshi catchment due to
heavy rainfall. But in 2019, flow was on its peak value. Such variations
in flow of stream increase due to fluctuations in rainfall pattern and
vegetation cover resulted land degradation. 85% of local community is
agreed that extensive agricultural practices, population growth,
settlement patterns and brick industry have significant negative impact
on vegetative cover and water discharge.
Postpartum Shortness of Breath: A challenging case to manage and diagnose in the era of the COVID 19 pandemic.
Authors: Jamshaid Muhammad , Munir Huma , Suliman Shireen
Published: March 2021

Shortness of breath after childbirth is not an uncommon presentation to
Emergency Department. Differentials can be divided broadly into cardiac
and non-cardiac causes. We encountered a case with postpartum shortness
of breath, she was managed as a case of iatrogenic pulmonary edema with
diuretics.
Combustion performance of bio-gasoline produced by waste fish oil pyrolysis
Authors: Goldbach Andrei , Meier Henry , Wiggers Vinicyus , Chiarello Luana , Barros António
Published: March 2021

Pyrolysis of triglycerides based on biomass was used at a large scale for fuel supply during the world wars. For this study, the bio-oil produced from waste fish oil pyrolysis was fractioned in a distillation column to produce a light fraction cut in the range of gasoline. This biofuel was tested in a motorcycle engine to measure its performance in terms of torque and to analyse its exhaust gas composition. The emissions were assessed by exploring the combustion of a fossil gasoline without additives and with blends of bio-gasoline, BG20 and BG30 fuels, meaning 20 and 30% of bio-gasoline in fossil gasoline, respectively. Results allowed for the identification of the torque and emission gases combinations for each fuel type and the determination that as the percentage of bio-gasoline in the gasoline was increased, the concentration of CO2, CH4, C2H6, C3H8 decreased in direct relation to the engine rotation. The results show that bio-gasoline can be used as an additive of fossil gasoline with gains of performance in terms of torque and lower concentration of CO2 in the emissions. The torque increased from 3.5 to 3.7 N m and from 4.0 to 5.0 N m in fifth gear and at 2000 and 4000 rpm, respectively.
Awareness of patient’s orthodontic problems and referral practices among general dental practitioners and non-orthodontic specialists
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Saddah Rawan , Alasmari Afnan , Almoammar Salem , Alnazeh Abdullah , Alshahrani Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

Background/Aim. Dentists and particularly general dental practitioners (GDPs) should be able to identify problems such as malocclusions and refer patients with such problems to orthodontics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of orthodontic problems and referral practices among GDPs and non-orthodontic specialists practicing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods. A cross-sectional prospective study included GDP and specialists/consultants of both genders, aged between 22?60 years, practicing general dentistry and specialists other than orthodontics who had worked in their field for two or more years. Non-practicing dentists and nonregistered dentists were excluded. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.00. Results. Among the respondents, 55.5% were men, and 44% were GDPs. Out of the total number of respondents, 107 (53.5%) GDPs and 66 (33%) non-orthodontic specialists practiced orthodontic referral in their practices. By using the ?2 test, statistical analysis of different variables depending on the participants? gender and specialty was performed. It revealed that variables with significant p-value were: orthodontist referral, the recommendation of orthodontic treatment only after the eruption of all permanent teeth, awareness of tooth extraction for alignment of irregular teeth, and awareness regarding worsening of temporomandibular joint problems by orthodontic treatment. Conclusion. The referral practices of dentists practicing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia concerning orthodontic patients were satisfactory, although awareness regarding orthodontic problems requires continuous learning and considerate positive progression toward basic orthodontics.
Investor Relations, Engagement, and Shareholder Activism
Authors: Chapman Kimball L. , Miller Gregory S. , Neilson Jed J. , White Hal D.
Published: March 2021

A dedicated investor relations (IR) function facilitates direct and ongoing dialog between management and shareholders. This paper examines whether this form of engagement mitigates activism that relies upon support from other shareholders. We find that IR engagement is associated with increased investor confidence in management and the board, as well as a lower likelihood of activism, with this deterrent effect becoming stronger when there are fewer frictions surrounding the development of mutual understanding and trust with investors. We also find that when firms do experience an activist campaign, firms with IR engagement have less costly and contentious campaigns, including a lower likelihood of CEO turnover, than those without such a commitment. Taken together, our findings suggest that direct and ongoing IR engagement is an important factor in achieving mutual understanding and trust between the firm and its shareholders, which deters activist investors and mitigates the costly escalation of initiated campaigns.

JEL Classifications: G10; G32; G34; M40; M41.
METODE PENGEMASAN TAUGE KACANG HIJAU MENGGUNAKAN PLASTIK POLIETILIN DAN POLIPROPILIN PADA PENYIMPANAN SUHU RENDAH
Authors: Ansar Ansar , Sukmawaty Sukmawaty , Murad Murad , Arini Isna Hilda
Published: March 2021

Green bean sprouts are a type of vegetable that has a short shelf life. To extend the shelf life of these vegetables, they need to be stored by appropriate packaging methods. The aim of this study was to apply polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) plastic packaging to increase the shelf life of mung bean sprouts. The research was conducted by packing mung bean sprouts in PE and PP plastic at storage temperatures of 10 and 29 °C for 9 days. The parameters observed were weight loss, respiration rate, color, moisture content, and aroma. The results showed that mung bean sprouts stored in PE packaging had a longer shelf life than PP packaging. The shelf life of mung bean sprouts using PE packaging is 5 days, while PP packaging can only last 3 days at 10 °C. The shelf life of mung bean sprouts using PE packaging is 4 days, while the PP packaging can only last 2 days at 29 °C. Keywords: green bean sprouts, packaging, PE plastic, storage, temperature
EVALUASI DATA CLIMATE HAZARDS GROUP INFRARED PRECIPITATION WITH STATION (CHIRPS) DENGAN DATA PEMBANDING AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONS (AWS) DALAM MENGESTIMASI CURAH HUJAN HARIAN DI PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Budiyono Budiyono , Faisol Arif
Published: March 2021

This research aims to evaluate the CHIRPS data in estimating daily rainfall in West Papua compared with automatic weather stations (AWS) data recording. The data used in this research are daily CHIRPS data and AWS daily data recording 1996 to 2020 from AWS Rendani–Manokwari, AWS Jefman–Raja Ampat, AWS Torea–Fakfak, and AWS Kaimana–Kaimana. CHIRPS data were evaluated using the Point to Pixel method based on numerical and categorical parameters i.e., root mean square error (RMSE), mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), Pearson correlation (r), probability of detection (POD), critical success index (CSI), and T-test. The research showed that CHIRPS had a significant difference to AWS data in estimating daily rainfall in West Papua based on a T-test. However CHIRPS has a moderate accuracy in estimating daily rainfall in West Papua with RMSE = 8.59 mm, ME=2.75 mm, and MAE = 5.15 mm and had a moderate positive correlation with AWS data with r= 0.43. Besides, CHIRPS has good accuracy in detecting rain events in West Papua indicated by a POD = 0.72 and CSI = 0.43. Therefore, CHIRPS data can be used as an alternative solution for providing rainfall data in West Papua.   Keywords:  satellite observation, rainfall predictor, point to pixel
PENGARUH KEMIRINGAN TALANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DUA VARIETAS PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.) DENGAN SISTEM HIDROPONIK NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE
Authors: Suprayogi Syahtian , Suprihati Suprihati
Published: March 2021

The slope of the gutter affects the dissolved oxygen content in the hydroponic nutrient flow. Dissolved oxygen is one of the factors that can affect plant growth and yield. This study aims to determine the effect of gutter slope on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. The research was conducted at Jl. Pundak Sari, Kutowinangun Kidul, Salatiga, Central Java from March to May 2019 in the greenhouse. Treatment of a combination of green and white pakcoy varieties with a chamfer slope of 6%, 9% and 12%. Each was repeated four times to get 24 experimental units. This study used a randomized block design. The parameters observed were dissolved oxygen, plant height, number of leaves, crown diameter, plant fresh weight. Data were analyzed using variants. To find out the differences between treatments, the DMRT test was used with a 95% confidence interval. Based on the results of the study,bhi the combination of varieties and the slope of the gutter had a significant effect on the number of leaves, crown diameter, and plant fresh weight. The combination of green pakcoy variety with 12% gutter slope gave the best results including plant height 25.32 cm, number of leaves 18.83, crown diameter 33.36 cm and fresh weight of 161.4 g plant-1. Keywords: NFT, varieties, slope gutters, dissolved oxygen
Motivational aspects in junior competitive swimmers as a function of relative age
Authors: Nagy Nikoletta , Szájer Péter , Sós Csaba
Published: March 2021

It is widely known that motivation plays a critical role in getting athletes to achieve their full potential. However, little is known with regards to motivation as a function of relative age in junior competitive swimmers. The aim of the present research was to investigate associations between motivation, perceived motivational climate, and relative age among junior competitive swimmers (N = 235; 117 females; Mean age = 11.44, SD = 0.57 years). Although we expected relatively younger athletes to present lower motivation than their older peers, findings showed that swimmers in our study had similar motivation orientation, irrespective of their birth period (i.e., first, second, third, fourth quarter). Findings suggest professionals should aim to build intrinsic motivation regardless of birth period, as the shaping of a stabilized intrinsic motivation at junior age can increase the chances of success for the most talented swimmers.
Evaluating the outcomes of "Resilient left-behind children" – A social-emotional learning and mindfulness group counseling program
Authors: Tripa Laura , Sava Florin Alin , Paloș Ramona , Măgurean Silvia , Macsinga Irina
Published: March 2021

International migration has a powerful impact on both the sending and receiving countries, especially for adults migrating for better working conditions and leaving family members, including children, behind. Increasing numbers of left-behind children in Romania (Save the Children Romania, 2019) require attention and support through specific policies and school-based programs. The purpose of this empirical study is to develop and assess a school-based prevention/intervention group counseling program for left-behind children. The program is based on previous social-emotional learning curricula and it incorporates mindfulness technics (Sibinga, Webb, Ghazarian, & Ellen, 2016). It is designed to increase resilience and self-regulatory abilities in children, thus improving their school adjustment in terms of emotional, social, behavioral and attitudinal outcomes. Using a sample of 62 children, aged 12-15 (M = 12.71, SD = .868), we conducted a quasi-randomized trial with a control and an intervention group to investigate the efficacy of the program. Children in the intervention group reported improved self-regulation and resilience and reduced loneliness and social dissatisfaction. Teachers reported significantly fewer emotional and behavioral difficulties for the children following the intervention. This study emphasizes the role of the evidence-based approach to counseling services in schools, by capitalizing on the latest findings in the field and addressing the specific needs of left-behind children.
Parental mentalization: A critical literature review of mind-mindedness, parental insightfulness and parental reflective functioning
Authors: Medrea Flavia L , Benga Oana
Published: March 2021

Parental mentalization captures the parent’s abilities to represent his/her child as a psychological agent and the parent’s proclivity to understand and interpret child’s behavior in terms of mental states. Under this label, the literature emphasizes three different constructs: mind-mindedness, parental reflective functioning and insightfulness. Presently, there is no integrative review addressing all three constructs comprehensively through a comparative analysis. Furthermore, there is some confusion as to where the concepts overlap and differ, how they are distinctively operationalized and which measures are used to tap into each one of them. To address this issue, this article aims to synthesize the literature in a critical manner, reviewing mind-mindedness, parental reflective functioning and insightfulness. This study identifies key theoretical and methodological aspects of parental mentalization constructs (e.g., definition and conceptualization, measurements, parental and child correlates, strengths and weaknesses). Moreover, the constructs are compared based on their similarities and differences regarding definition, conceptualization and measurements. Finally, the paper offers some directions for further research. This review informs research in the field by providing an integrative and comprehensive understanding of parental mentalization.
Ekspresi Annexin A2 pada Kanker Ginekologi
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana/ RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar Bali, Setiawan William Alexander
Published: March 2021

Tujuan: Untuk menentukan adanya hubungan antara ekspresi ANXA2 dan berbagai aspek kanker ginekologi. Metode: Pencarian terstruktur untuk penelitian yang menyelidiki hubungan ekspresi ANXA2 dan kanker serviks, kanker endometrium dan kanker ovarium menggunakan PubMed. Pencarian terbatas pada 10 tahun terakhir dan dilakukan penyaringan dengan kriteria inklusi serta eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil: Dari 52 penelitian didapatkan 9 penelitian yang kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis. ANXA2 diekspresikan berlebih dalam jaringan karsinoma dibandingkan dengan jaringan normal. Kesimpulan: Peningkatan ekspresi ANXA2 berperan dalam proliferasi sel kanker. Ekspresi ANXA2 berkorelasi dengan stadium lanjut dan penyakit metastasis. ANXA2 dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi progresivitas, angka kelangsungan hidup, dan resistensi terhadap rejimen pengobatan.
Perbandingan Nilai Prediktif antara Risk-of-Malignancy Index (RMI) dan Klasifikasi IOTA Simple Rules dalam Prediksi Keganasan pada Kasus Tumor Ovarium di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran  Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Toriq Huda , Mulyana Hidayat Yudi
Published: March 2021

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan membandingkan penerapan dua metode diagnostik yang telah digunakan di RSHS, yaitu skor RMI dan Klasifikasi IOTA Rules untuk memprediksi keganasan suatu tumor ovarium selama periode 2017−2018 Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian komparatif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Sumber data diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien yang menjalani operasi pengangkatan dan pemeriksaan histopalogis tumor ovarium. Dilakukan pengumpulan informasi mengenai data USG, kadar CA125, skor RMI, klasifikasi IOTA Simple Rules, dan membandingkannya dengan luaran histopatologis. Hasil: 190 kasus tumor ovarium diteliti. 156 kasus (82,1%) memiliki luaran histopatologis ganas dan 34 kasus lainnya (17.9%) jinak. 178 kasus (93,68%) memiliki skor RMI ≥200 dan 12 kasus (6,32%) <200. sebanyak 78 kasus diklasifikasikan sebagai Malignant, 42 kasus Benign, dan 70 kasus lainnya Inconclusive dengan kriteria IOTA Simple Rules. Distribusi CA125 dan Skor RMI pada kedua kelompok luaran histopatologis berbeda secara bermakna (P<0,05). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas klasifikasi IOTA Simple Rules di RSHS masing-masing 94,23% dan 97,06%, dengan menggabungkan kelompok IOTA inkonklusif dengan kelompok ganas. Penghitungan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas skor RMI memberikan nilai 95,51% dan 14,71% dengan menggunakan cut-off-point skor RMI 200. Kesimpulan: Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas klasifikasi IOTA Simple Rules lebih baik dibandingkan dengan skor RMI dalam memprediksi keganasan suatu tumor ovarium.
Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Perilaku Keikutsertaan Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks pada Paramedis Perempuan
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran  Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Carolina Johanna Sharon , Tobing Maringan D. L , Sasotya R. M. Sonny , Hinduan Zahrotur Rusyda ,   Departemen Psikologi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung
Published: March 2021

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap paramedis terhadap perilaku partisipatif dalam deteksi dini kanker serviks. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Observasional Analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer yang berasal dari hasil wawancara dan kuesioner tervalidasi. Jumlah minimal sampel adalah 206. Hasil: Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 220 wanita dengan tingkat pengetahuan pap smear 75,5% dan tes IVA 85,0%. Untuk responden yang melakukan pap smear 6,4%, dan tes IVA 16,8%. Hasil didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara variabel tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku partisipatif dalam deteksi dini kanker serviks pada paramedis wanita (P>0,05). Diskusi: Menurut teori IBM, perilaku yang terjadi dipengaruhi oleh lima faktor, yaitu pengetahuan dan keterampilan, kecenderungan berperilaku, minat berperilaku, kendala lingkungan, dan kebiasaan berperilaku. Penelitian ini memberikan pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku paramedis. Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap paramedik perempuan tidak berpengaruh terhadap keikutsertaan tes IVA dan Pap smear. Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku, Deteksi dini kanker serviks
Correlation of Serum Vitamin D and Metabolic Disturbances in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran  Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Santoso Shasya Aniza , Madjid Tita Husnitawati , Rachmawati Anita
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Method: This study was correlational analytic with cross-sectional approach to 34 women diagnosed with PCOS based on ultrasonography. Waist circumference and fasting blood glucose (FBG) represented insulin resistance. Women with hormonal therapy and vitamin D supplementation were not included to this study. This study used consecutive sampling method. Result: The average of age was 25.6±6.1 years old. Waist circumference and fasting blood glucose (FBG) represented insulin resistance. The average of waist circumference and FBG were 87.6±12.4 cm and 86.2±27.9 mg/dl, respectively. The mean of vitamin D levels was 11,5±3,6 ng/ml. According to Spearman’s correlation, vitamin D levels were weak negative correlated with waist circumference (r=-0.2; p>0.05) and FBG (r= -0,1; p>0,05), it statistically was not significant. Conclusion: There is weak negative correlation between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome in PCOS patients.