bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and interaction in aluminum hydrides@polydopamine composites and interfacial improvement with GAP adhesive
Authors: An Qi , Xie Wuxi , Li Yajin , Jian Xiaoxia , He Xu , Wang Li , Zhang Xiang , Han Peiyao
Published: May 2024

The reduction of interfacial interaction and the deterioration of processing properties of aluminum hydrides (AlH3) is the main challenges preventing its practical application. Here, a simple and effective core–shell structure aluminum hydrides@polydopamine (AlH3@PDA) complex was constructed through in-situ polymerization. The evolution of element states on the surface of AlH3 conducted by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the successful introduction of PDA to form the core@shell structure, the thickness of the PDA coated layer increased with the increasing PDA dosage from 0.1 to 1.6% in mass fraction, and the maximum of thickness is 50 nm in TEM testing. Py GC/MS results proved that the increase of dopamine concentration leads to higher proportions of self-assemble units, whereas lower dopamine concentrations favor higher levels of chemical bonded components. Regarding whether PDA is a covalent polymer or a noncovalent aggregate of some species, the formation of intermediates, such as dopaminechrome and 5,6-dihydroxyindole played an important role to coordination interaction with AlH3 in FTIR, Raman, and UV–Vis spectra testing. Compared with pure AlH3, the formation of organic PDA coating improved AlH3 heat resistance. The adhesion work with GAP adhesive was also improved from 107.02 J/m2 of pure AlH3 to 111.13 mJ/m2 of AlH3@PDA-5 complex. This paper provides well support for further practical application of AlH3 in solid propellants.
The effect of Ding’s screws and tension band wiring for treatment of olecranon fractures: a biomechanical study
Authors: Zhao Yong , Tian Hongbo , Yin Nuo , Du Li , Pan Mingmang , Ding Liang
Published: May 2024

Although tension band wiring (TBW) is popular and recommended by the AO group, the high rate of complications such as skin irritation and migration of the K-wires cannot be ignored. Ding’s screw tension band wiring (DSTBW) is a new TBW technique that has shown positive results in the treatment of other fracture types. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of DSTBW in the treatment of olecranon fractures by biomechanical testing. We conducted a Synbone biomechanical model by using three fixation methods: DSTBW, intramedullary screw and tension band wiring (IM-TBW), and K-wire TBW, were simulated to fix the olecranon fractures. We compared the mechanical stability of DSTBW, IM-TBW, and TBW in the Mayo Type IIA olecranon fracture Synbone model using a single cycle loading to failure protocol or pullout force. During biomechanical testing, the average fracture gap measurements were recorded at varying flexion angles in three different groups: TBW, IM-TBW, and DSTBW. The TBW group exhibited measurements of 0.982 mm, 0.380 mm, 0.613 mm, and 1.285 mm at flexion angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° respectively. The IM-TBW group displayed average fracture gap measurements of 0.953 mm, 0.366 mm, 0.588 mm, and 1.240 mm at each of the corresponding flexion angles. The DSTBW group showed average fracture gap measurements of 0.933 mm, 0.358 mm, 0.543 mm, and 1.106 mm at the same flexion angles. No specimen failed in each group during the cyclic loading phase. Compared with the IM-TBW and TBW groups, the DSTBW group showed significant differences in 60° and 90° flexion angles. The mean maximum failure load was 1229.1 ± 110.0 N in the DSTBW group, 990.3 ± 40.7 N in the IM-TBW group, and 833.1 ± 68.7 N in the TBW group. There was significant difference between each groups (p < 0.001).The average maximum pullout strength for TBW was measured at 57.6 ± 5.1 N, 480.3 ± 39.5 N for IM-TBW, and 1324.0 ± 43.8 N for DSTBW. The difference between maximum pullout strength of both methods was significant to p < 0.0001. DSTBW fixation provides more stability than IM-TBW and TBW fixation models for olecranon fractures.
Single-shot frequency offset measurement with HASTE using the selective parity approach
Authors: de Alba Alvarez Irina , Arbabi Aidin , Khlebnikov Vitaliy , Marques José P. , Norris David G.
Published: May 2024

Measurements of frequency offset are commonly required in MRI. The standard method measures the signal phase as a function of evolution time. Here we use a single shot turbo-spin-echo acquisition method to measure frequency offset at a single evolution time. After excitation the transverse magnetisation evolves during the evolution time, and is then repeatedly refocused. The phase is conjugated between alternate echoes. Using partial parallel acquisition techniques we obtain separate odd- and even- echo images. An iterative procedure ensures self-consistency between them. The difference in phase between the two images yields frequency offset maps. The technique was implemented at 3 Tesla and tested on a healthy human volunteer for a range of evolution times between 6 and 42 ms. A standard method using a similar readout train and multiple evolution times was used as a gold-standard measure. In a statistical comparison with the gold standard no evidence for bias or offset was found. There was no systematic variation in precision or accuracy as a function of evolution time. We conclude that the presented approach represents a viable method for the rapid generation of frequency offset maps with a high image quality and minimal distortion.
Biosorption of arsenic (III) from aqueous solution using calcium alginate immobilized dead biomass of Acinetobacter sp. strain Sp2b
Authors: Khandelwal Renu , Keelka Sneha , Jain Neha , Jain Prachi , Kumar Sharma Mukesh , Kaushik Pallavi
Published: May 2024

This study presents a novel biosorbent developed by immobilizing dead Sp2b bacterial biomass into calcium alginate (CASp2b) to efficiently remove arsenic (AsIII) from contaminated water. The bacterium Sp2b was isolated from arsenic-contaminated industrial soil of Punjab, a state in India. The strain was designated Acinetobacter sp. strain Sp2b as per the 16S rDNA sequencing, GenBank accession number -OP010048.The CASp2b was used for the biosorption studies after an initial screening for the biosorption capacity of Sp2b biomass with immobilized biomass in both live and dead states. The optimum biosorption conditions were examined in batch experimentations with contact time, pH, biomass, temperature, and AsIII concentration variables. The maximum biosorption capacity (qmax = 20.1 ± 0.76 mg/g of CA Sp2b) was obtained at pH9, 35 ̊ C, 20 min contact time, and 120 rpm agitation speed. The isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic modeling of the experimental data favored Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.941) and pseudo-2nd-order kinetics (R2 = 0.968) with endothermic nature (ΔH° = 27.42) and high randomness (ΔS° = 58.1).The scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) analysis indicated the As surface binding. The reusability study revealed the reasonable usage of beads up to 5 cycles. In conclusion, CASp2b is a promising, efficient, eco-friendly biosorbent for AsIII removal from contaminated water.
Radiological features of screening-detected and interval breast cancers and subsequent survival in Eastern Finnish women
Authors: Nykänen Aki , Sudah Mazen , Masarwah Amro , Vanninen Ritva , Okuma Hidemi
Published: May 2024

Interval breast cancers are diagnosed between scheduled screenings and differ in many respects from screening-detected cancers. Studies comparing the survival of patients with interval and screening-detected cancers have reported differing results. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological and histopathological features and growth rates of screening-detected and interval breast cancers and subsequent survival. This retrospective study included 942 female patients aged 50–69 years with breast cancers treated and followed-up at Kuopio University Hospital between January 2010 and December 2016. The screening-detected and interval cancers were classified as true, minimal-signs, missed, or occult. The radiological features were assessed on mammograms by one of two specialist breast radiologists with over 15 years of experience. A χ2 test was used to examine the association between radiological and pathological variables; an unpaired t test was used to compare the growth rates of missed and minimal-signs cancers; and the Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to examine survival after screening-detected and interval cancers. Sixty occult cancers were excluded, so a total of 882 women (mean age 60.4 ± 5.5 years) were included, in whom 581 had screening-detected cancers and 301 interval cancers. Disease-specific survival, overall survival and disease-free survival were all worse after interval cancer than after screening-detected cancer (p < 0.001), with a mean follow-up period of 8.2 years. There were no statistically significant differences in survival between the subgroups of screening-detected or interval cancers. Missed interval cancers had faster growth rates (0.47% ± 0.77%/day) than missed screening-detected cancers (0.21% ± 0.11%/day). Most cancers (77.2%) occurred in low-density breasts (< 25%). The most common lesion types were masses (73.9%) and calcifications (13.4%), whereas distortions (1.8%) and asymmetries (1.7%) were the least common. Survival was worse after interval cancers than after screening-detected cancers, attributed to their more-aggressive histopathological characteristics, more nodal and distant metastases, and faster growth rates.
Leadership and gender perspective in hospital physiotherapy units
Authors: Margelí Mercedes Ferrando , Sánchez Aitor Garay , Andrade-Gómez Elena , Suarez-Serrano Carmen , Marcén-Román Yolanda
Published: May 2024

Analyze the gender stereotypes present in the leaders of the Hospital Physiotherapy Units, determine the level of acceptance of female leadership and identify which factors influence these perceptions. Observational, descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study. The study subjects are the census of leaders of the Physiotherapy Units of public hospitals. The measurement instruments used are the Acceptance of Female Leadership Questionnaire (ACT-LM), and the sociodemographic and job-related variables. Most of the leaders of the hospital physiotherapy units were women (69.4%) physiotherapists. Gender stereotypes emerge in the dimension of Instrumental Characteristics, with respondents not fully agreeing that women were sufficiently competitive (18.7%) or ambitious (20.8%) to be successful in the world of work. These data were influenced by gender, showing that men have a higher regard for female leadership abilities than women themselves. In the dimension of Acceptance of Female Leadership, 17.4% of those surveyed did not fully agree that women can rise to the same extent as men. Most of the leaders of the physiotherapy units in public hospitals in Spain are women, this is reversed in favor of men in highly complex hospitals. The stereotype persists, especially among women, that they do not have enough ambition and competitiveness to succeed in the world of work.
Compact eternal diffractive neural network chip for extreme environments
Authors: Dong Yibo , Lin Dajun , Chen Long , Li Baoli , Chen Xi , Zhang Qiming , Luan Haitao , Fang Xinyuan , Gu Min
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence applications in extreme environments place high demands on hardware robustness, power consumption, and speed. Recently, diffractive neural networks have demonstrated superb advantages in high-throughput light-speed reasoning. However, the robustness and lifetime of existing diffractive neural networks cannot be guaranteed, severely limiting their compactness and long-term inference accuracy. Here, we have developed a millimeter-scale and robust bilayer-integrated diffractive neural network chip with virtually unlimited lifetime for optical inference. The two diffractive layers with binary phase modulation were engraved on both sides of a quartz wafer. Optical inference of handwritten digital recognition was demonstrated. The results showed that the chip achieved 82% recognition accuracy for ten types of digits. Moreover, the chip demonstrated high-performance stability at high temperatures. The room-temperature lifetime was estimated to be 1.84×1023 trillion years. Our chip satisfies the requirements for diffractive neural network hardware with high robustness, making it suitable for use in extreme environments.
Antibiotic resistance response of activated sludge to sulfamethoxazole: insights from the intracellular and extracellular DNA fractions
Authors: Martínez-Quintela M. , Calderón-Franco D. , van Loosdrecht M. C. M. , Suárez S. , Omil F. , Weissbrodt D. G.
Published: May 2024

In activated sludge, the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can be present either in the intracellular (iDNA) or extracellular DNA fraction (exDNA). Recent advances in the exDNA extraction methodology allow a better profiling of the pool of ARGs.
Biofuels and hydrogen production: back to the Langmuir–Blodgett approach for large-scale structuration of Bi-based photoelectrodes
Authors: Dazon Claire , Pereira Márcio César , Monteiro Douglas Santos
Published: May 2024

This perspective article highlights the good potentiality for the Langmuir Blodgett technique to produce massively BiVO4 based photoelectrodes for biomass valorization and hydrogen production in the context of Brazil's decarbonation.
Towards molecular controlled magnonics
Authors: Ruiz Alberto M. , Rivero-Carracedo Gonzalo , Rybakov Andrey , Dey Sourav , Baldoví José J.
Published: May 2024

This work provides an unprecedented approach to magnonics based on the creation of molecular/2D heterostructures using organic molecules and single-layer CrSBr.
The Influence of Students Development Strategy of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science the University of Muhammadiyah Malang on the Future of Farmers Profession in Indonesia
Authors: Bakhtiar Ary , Fitria Chairinina Rizka , Khan Waris Ali
Published: May 2024

The young generation is an important part of becoming the nation’s successor. The interest of the younger generation to the farming profession is still very minimal because the farming profession is considered less promising. This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of the student development strategy of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang on the future of the farmer profession in Indonesia. In this study, the authors used sampling with Slovin’s formula, namely a sample of 105 respondents. Respondents in this study were active students of the 2019 FPP UMM class. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with quantitative descriptive analysis approach and using SPSS Software Version 26. The results of this study can be concluded that X1, X2, X4 partially have no effect on the farmer profession, while for X3 it shows that it partially has an effect significant to the farming profession. The coefficient of determination of 0.469 means that the farmer profession variable can be explained by the student development strategy variable of 46.9 % while the remaining 53.1 % is explained by other independent variables not examined in this study.
Evaluation of Efficacy of Green Chiretta Leaf Extracts Against Anthracnose Disease
Authors: Roeswitawati Dyah , Akbar Robby Haikal , Hussain Zahid , Indratmi Dian , Adinurani Praptiningsih Gamawati , Ekawati Ida
Published: May 2024

Plant secondary metabolites are synthesized from primary metabolites and play a role in plant defense against pathogens. Several secondary metabolite compounds isolated from several types of plants have biological activities, such as being cytotoxic against fungi and bacteria. Bitter plants— green chiretta [Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees.] are plants that contain flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds can damage the fungal cell wall, which causes cell denaturation in the fungus. Anthracnose is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloesporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc is a post-harvest disease that is often found in various tropical and subtropical fruits, which can reduce production and can even lead to crop failure. The study was conducted to determine secondary metabolite compounds of green chiretta leaves to suppress the phytopathogen C. gloesporioides, which causes anthracnose disease. The research used a completely randomized design and was repeated four times with the treatment extracts of green chiretta leaf with concentrations of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 %, and 30 %. The results showed that the extract from green chiretta leaves could suppress C. gloesporioides by more than 70 % at 8 d after inoculation with a concentration of 5 % to 30 %.
Projection of Culinary Tourist Preferences for Dragon Fruit Peel Tea as an Effort to Optimize Local Herbal Business in Jambewangi Village, Indonesia
Authors: Rusti Nanda , Cardias Esa Riandy , Nur Kurniawan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

There is dragon fruit peel waste that is not being utilized, so recently Jambewangi village received socialization and training assistance from the Banyuwangi State Polytechnic service team to process this waste into products that have high selling value. One of the processed products is dragon fruit peel herbal tea. The service team from the Banyuwangi State Polytechnic together with the people of Jambewangi village succeeded in creating a new superior product from dragon fruit peel waste. The service team also assisted in testing the ingredients in dragon fruit peel herbal tea as well as training on packaging the tea products. To ensure that dragon fruit peel tea can be sold on the market, further research is needed which aims to see consumer preferences for this product. This research will look at several attributes that are tested to see which attributes are really liked by consumers, so that this new product is expected to sell massively on the market. The results found the combination of attributes that respondents most preferred for dragon fruit peel tea was dragon fruit peel tea with ginger flavor, the dipping packaging weighed 50 g, and was sold at a price of IDR 15 000.
Characteristic of Modified Tannia Flour: Study of Starter Type and Fermentation Time
Authors: Wira Wirawan , Harini Noor , Damat Damat , Ariadi Bambang Yudhi , Punjungsari Tyas Nyonita , Nisar Asma , Purwaningsih Fauziyah Eni
Published: May 2024

This research analyzes the type of microbial starter and fermentation time on the characteristics of Modified Tannia Flour (MOTIF) with randomized design— nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were F (Lactobacillus bulgaricus bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and Bimo-CF Starter) and P (fermentation time 24 h, 36 h and 48 h). Observed variables being resistant starch, swilling power and water-soluble index and color test (l, a, b). The research results showed that the best treatment was the starter type Lactobaccilus bulgaricus with 36 h of fermentation producing a content of 10.50 %, ash content of 1.64 %, resistant starch content of 24.21 % and swelling power of 35.38 %. The use of a starter type of lactic acid bacteria with a fermentation time of 36 h has characteristics of flour with a water content of 13.41 %, ash content of 1.70 %, resistant starch content of 23.93 % and swelling power of 34.99 %, while using Bimo-CF starter with a fermentation time of 36 h has characteristics of flour with a water content of 17.22 %, ash content of 1.51 %, resistant starch content of 24.36 % and swelling power of 35.44 %.
Design and economic analysis of integrated power systems with solar cell-diesel-battery-micro hydro off-grid (a case study of pinal village samosir district)
Authors: Simarmata Roganda , Bukit Ferry , Fahmi Fahmi
Published: May 2024

The need for electrical energy in remote areas in Indonesia is essential. The use of Renewable Energy in Indonesia until 2020 will only reach 2.5% or around 10.5 gigawatts of its total potential. The government is targeting % a national energy mix of 23% to be sourced from renewable energy in 2025. Pinal Village has an area of 295 Ha consisting of 48 heads of families with a population of approximately 182 people whose livelihoods are primarily farmers and servants. The Pinal village is one of the remote villages in the Sianjur Mula-mula sub-district, surrounded by mountains. There is no road access to the village, and it can only be accessed by boat, so the electricity network owned by the government (PLN) has not yet entered the Pinal village area. Therefore, efforts are needed to develop a power generation system to supply electricity in the village. Simulation with HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resource), which shows a feasible generator configuration system to be built is a Solar PV-Battery-Diesel-Microhydro configuration system where the solar panel has a capacity of 54.5 kW, batteries with a total of 240 units, Diesel with a capacity of 25 kW and the output power of the micro hydro is 5.09 kW, the payback period is 15.8 years with a lifetime of the generating system for 20 years, the electricity production cost is IDR 1,744/kWh, fuel consumption is 6.2 liters/day, the emissions generated are 4,685 kg/year with land use of ±267.25 m2.
Parameters as indicators of grounding rod corrosion in substation in port area
Authors: Hardi Surya , Harahap Tania Octavia
Published: May 2024

Grounding rods are an important component in electrical power to protect equipment from overvoltage and current disturbances. However, corrosion can cause a significant decrease in performance and reduce system efficiency. Therefore, the diagnosis of corrosion on grounding rods is important to ensure the reliability and continuity of substation operations. In this research, a corrosion structure diagnosis was done on the grounding rod in the Belawan Port area using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3 software. The element method is used to model the electrochemical corrosion phenomena that occur in grounding rods. Corrosion-causing factor parameters such as soil resistance, pH, temperature, humidity, and salt content are measured and evaluated. The analysis results show that there is significant corrosion on the grounding rod, especially in areas exposed to sea water and corrosive environments. The potential distribution shows uneven potential along the grounding rod. Based on this research, additional maintenance and protection measures can be proposed to reduce the risk of corrosion and extend the life of grounding rod equipment. Based on the analysis results, the input parameters differentiate electrolyte reactions which further determine grounding rod.
From Compliance to Innovation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pos Bloc Medan’s Tourism Infrastructure
Authors: Liyushiana Liyushiana , Rahmat Darmawan , Dewi Yanti , Putriani Br Sinamo , Cindy Khairunnisa Marpaung , Meryl Oceani Panggabean
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the spatial arrangement and landscaping considerations for Pos Bloc Medan, an artificial tourist attraction. Employing a qualitative research design, the study assesses the facility’s adherence to tourism business standards stipulated in Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Regulation No. 4/2021. Findings indicate that elements such as “Special Business Requirements,” “Business Facilities,” and “Organizational Structure and HR” fall short of the prescribed standards. Several areas requiring improvement include the absence of emergency gathering points, limited community involvement, and suboptimal waste management. Recommendations for enhancement encompass routine health check-ups for employees, aligning with established norms for the operations of the tourism sector. Furthermore, the study presents a spatial proposal focusing on emergency gathering points to address safety, accessibility, and visual appeal concerns. The proposed assembly points not only bolster safety protocols but also contribute to enhancing the aesthetic appeal of Pos Bloc Medan, aligning with the objective of establishing a sustainable, multifunctional space. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of meticulous spatial planning and strict regulatory adherence in optimizing tourist attractions, as exemplified by Pos Bloc Medan, for the betterment of the community, preservation of the environment, and sustainability of the tourism industry as a whole.
Study of Residential Transformation Models in Special Housing for Low-Income Communities; Literature Review
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisnio , Asmal Idawarni J. , Mufti Radja Abdul , Yahya M.
Published: May 2024

Housing built for low-income communities carries out residential transformation practices. This investigation was carried out based on a review study involving around 56 reputable journals. By the results of the review study, it is known that transition space transformation occurs in all types of space, namely back, side, and front transition spaces. Two (2) points are new to this research. The third novelty of the study in question is that it produces findings: 1) Factors that cause the transformation of the transitional space at the front of the house for low-income people according to indicators of ease of obtaining building materials and availability of construction workers; and 2) Transformation model of transitional space at the front of the house for low-income communities. The use of mixed methods as originality or authenticity as a differentiator in research. Using mixed methods also strengthens future research findings because previous studies have not used the paradigm in question.
Spatial Distribution of Tidal Floods Using Geographic Information System (GIS) in Medan Belawan District
Authors: Sulistiyono Nurdin , Gelbard Hasibuan Samuel , Fauzi Daulay Ahmad , Setiawan Yudi , Budi Arifanti Virni , Suyadi  , Sidik Frida , Samsu Rijal Seftiawan
Published: May 2024

Tidal floods are one of the threats that occur in coastal areas. The impact is felt for the community, as well as other impacts felt for the surrounding ecosystem, namely the mangrove population, where tidal floods that continue to occur can have a serious impact on the community and mangrove vegetation because they can threaten the sustainability of the mangroves. This research uses GIS to map tidal flood inundation areas and determine their relationship with biophysical factors. Spearman correlation is used to determine the relationship between points in tidal flood areas and biophysical factors such as elevation, slope, distance from rivers and distance from the beach. The research results show that the four variable factors are related to the point of tidal flood inundation. Distance from the river greatly influences the tidal flood point in Medan Belawan District, with a correlation coefficient value of -0.100. This is because rivers act as a medium for the entry of water from the sea without any obstacles to entering the land, so when the river flow reaches its carrying capacity, sea water immediately overflows into residential areas.
Habitat preferences of Amorphopahllus sp. Silaiya village, Sayur Matinggi District, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey Ridahati , Rahmawaty  , Suratman Mohd Nazip , Gandaseca Seca , Rauf Abdul , Nababan Esther Sorta Mauli , Delvian  , Aththorick T. Alief , Ismail Mohd Hasmadi , Saputra Muhammad Hadi
Published: May 2024

Amorphophallus is included in the understory plants, belonging to the Araceae family. Amorphophallus grows wild under agroforestry stands in North Sumatra, which in the last period of time its tubers have economic value. Amorphophalus tubers can be used as food ingredients and also medicines. This research was conducted in Silaiya Village, Sayur Matinggi District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to determine the habitat conditions of Amorphophallus sp that grow wild. This information aims as basic data in insitu conservation efforts. The method of this research is to conduct vegetation analysis activities using nested plots measuring 1 ha, where there are sub-plots. There are two species of Amorphophallus found in Silaiya Village, namely Amorphophallus gigas and Amorphophallus paeoniifolius. The number of individuals of Amorphophallus gigas was 120, and the number of individuals of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius was 148. The conservation status of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius is Least Concern, while the conservation status of Amorphophallus gigas has not been registered.
Effect of Packaging Type and Storage Time on the Quality of Wheat Flour
Authors: Bima  , Ibadurrahman Muhammad , Tambun Rondang
Published: May 2024

The wheat flour quality is influenced by several factors, including the packaging type used and the length of storage time. This research aims to determine the effect of packaging type (polypropylene and polyethylene) and storage time on the wheat flour quality at PT XYZ. The wheat flour quality described refers to SNI No. 01-3751-2018, including water content, ash content, protein content, and organoleptic properties. The research results show that the packaging type and storage time affect the wheat flour quality. The analysis results show that wheat flour produced and packaged using polypropylene and polyethylene with variations in storage time shows a real influence on the wheat flour quality. The analysis results showed that the smallest water content in polyethylene packaging was 13.28% with a storage time of 21 days, the smallest ash content in the polypropylene packaging type was 0.56% with a storage time of 9 days, and the highest protein content was 15.24% in the polypropylene packaging type with a storage time of 14 days. Meanwhile, the analysis of organoleptic properties including color tests and aroma tests did not have a significant effect on the wheat flour quality.
Resilience Of Toraja Architecture Towards Sustainability Architecture
Authors: Lindarto Dwi , Defriza Harisdani Devin
Published: May 2024

Indonesia has a cultural heritage of traditional architecture that is environmentally friendly and sensitive to sustainability issues. Toraja architecture, namely tongkonan (traditional house) and alang (traditional barn) are still widely standing. Toraja architecture is not value-free and vulnerable to social, economic, and cultural conditions, so this study aims to reveal how the Toraja people respond to adapt, transform to these influences for the sustainability of Toraja architecture in the future. This study is a type of revealing knowledge with qualitative case study method. Using the Miles and Huberman model analysis technique in the form of descriptive and pattern matching, the results of the study obtained that Toraja architecture has resilience in adapting and transforming to face current social, economic and cultural changes in the form of adaptability to current building material technology, carpentry skills, curved roof shape as Toraja identity, customary rules and adaptive-responsive abilities, social status symbols, low costs, customary preservation, are elements of resilience for the sustainability of alang architecture. The resilience of Toraja architecture is a model for sustainable development of Indonesian traditional architecture.
An analysis of vibration signals is conducted to monitor the condition of the clutch of a centrifugal pump, employing ISO 10816 standards
Authors: Martianis Erwen , Syam Bustami , Isranuri Ikhwansyah , Sabri Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Vibration in the shaft of a centrifugal pump arises from various factors, including the spacing between clutches, belt thickness, width, and their positioning within the clutch assembly. Vibration serves as a vital diagnostic tool for assessing machinery, offering insights into both motion and translation. Understanding vibrations and analyzing corresponding data are essential for effective maintenance and troubleshooting protocols. By leveraging this knowledge, companies can mitigate downtime, enhance productivity, and extend the operational lifespan of their machinery. Vibration stems from cyclic forces acting upon machine components, triggering energy release within the structure and resulting in oscillations. Excessive vibration not only generates noise but also compromises pump performance and jeopardizes critical components, notably the shaft and bearings. The objective of this study is to monitor and analyze vibration in centrifugal pumps equipped with modified belt connections. Various configurations of belt thickness, width, distance, and positioning were explored. Real-time data was gathered using accelerometer sensors to capture X, Y, and Z-axis values, subsequently converted from analog to digital format. Among the configurations tested, the Outside-Inside belt positioning, with belt dimensions of 6.5mm thickness, 150mm width, and a 40mm distance, exhibited the lowest average vibration value at 8.72mm/s. However, according to ISO 10816 standards, this measurement falls within the unsatisfactory category, indicating the need for further refinement in pump design and maintenance practices.
Ammonia Adsorption Process using Sarulla Natural Zeolite from North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Husin Amir , Hotmauli Aruan Friday , Huda Adri , Herlina Netti , Patumona Manalu Sarah
Published: May 2024

Sarulla natural zeolite has potential as an adsorbent for removing ammonia from wastewater. The adsorption capacity of Sarulla natural zeolite as an adsorbent is influenced by the pre-treatment process. In the present study, Sarulla natural zeolite was prepared using physical and chemical activation methods. Adsorbent Z1 is dried at 120°C. Adsorbent Z2, Z3 and Z4 are dried at 120°C and mixed with 2M HCl solution. Z2 and Z3 and then calcined at 400°C for one and two hours after washed with aquades until pH 7. And Z4 calcined at 400°C for two hours without washing process. Sarulla natural zeolite were characterised using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) to identify the material and the as-prepared adsorbents tested to adsorb the synthetic ammonia using batch adsorption process. The FTIR result confirms that Sarulla natural zeolite is similar with other natural zeolites with specific functional group frameworks such [SiO4]-4, [AlO4]-5, and [OH]-clearly appearing in the FTIR spectrum. The adsorption process successfully shows the adsorption of ammonium using Sarulla natural zeolite where the pre-treatment differentiates the adsorption performance. The kinetics analysis confirmed the experimental data fit with pseudo second order with the highest adsorption capacities (Qe) values is 400 mg/g performed by adsorbent Z1.
Study of the Use of Aluminum (Al) Electrodes in the Electrocoagulation Method for Reducing COD and BOD in Leachate Water
Authors: Nurfahasdi Meutia , Husin Amir , Adi Rahayu Silda , Faisal Muhammad , Sabrina Seby , Citra Nadhira Ade , Azzahra Putri Adinda , Davirov Alisher , Tukhtaeva Rano
Published: May 2024

Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical method that uses sacrificial electrodes to remove wastewater. The most common electrode material is aluminum, which serves as both the cathode and the anode. The electrodes are connected in bipolar mode and a power source is used to provide alternating current. Various operating parameters that can influence removal efficiency were investigated, including spacing between the electrodes, applied voltage, electrolysis time, initial BOD and COD concentrations. This study examined the efficacy of employing aluminum (Al) electrodes in the electrocoagulation procedure to lower the concentration of chemical and biological oxygen demand in leachate. This research was carried out by varying the voltage (8, 10, and 12 Volts), time (10, 20, and 30 min), and distance between the electrodes (1, 2, and 3 cm). The results showed that the combination of 12 Volt voltage, 30 min, and the greatest COD reduction percentage of 80.8% was obtained with a 2 cm gap between the electrodes, while the BOD reduction reached 82.3%. This research provides important insights into the leachate pollution treatment potential of electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes. The optimal results can be used as a basis for further development of efficient and environmentally friendly leachate treatment.
Utilizing Of Wood Sawdust Ash in Eco-Friendly Interlocking Bricks: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Karolina Rahmi , Tamiami Fachrudin Hilma , Agung Putra Handana Muhammad , Farhan A. , Irvina Ritonga Sally
Published: May 2024

This study evaluates the possible effects of sawdust from scrap wood on the mechanical and microstructure characteristics of interlocking bricks when used as an additive in construction materials. Bricks with increased porosity levels were manufactured by adding more recycled wood sawdust ash (WSA) additive at larger sizes. The findings demonstrated that while sound insulation and water absorption increased with the addition of WSA, compressive strength decreased. WSA is added to aid increase unit weight and compressive strength. A higher WSA results in improved sound absorption. WSA are therefore intriguing raw materials for the creation of construction materials that use less energy.
Evaluation of oil palm shells and mask fiber on the flexural strength of pre- and post-corrosion concrete
Authors: Zaki Ahmad , Mahpuzah Nida , Nisa Saadatun , Yadi Seplika , Nindhita Kharisma Wira
Published: May 2024

One of the innovations in concrete technology that is also in line with reducing industrial and community waste is making mask fiber concrete mixed with oil palm shells as an aggregate substitute. In this research, 10% oil palm shells were used with mask fiber added at 0.2% of the specimen volume to increase the flexural strength value of corroded concrete. Tests include corrosion acceleration tests and concrete mechanical properties such as flexural strength, density, and ductility. There are two specimens, namely pre- and post-corrosion concrete. With the acceleration process, pre-corrosion specimens are carried out on the reinforcement before the concrete molding process, while post-corrosion specimens are accelerated by corrosion after the concrete is 28 days old. Tests on pre- and post-corrosion specimens show differences in the properties and characteristics of the concrete mechanical properties test results. The flexural strength value of post-corrosion concrete tends to increase with increasing corrosion. Meanwhile, the flexural strength value of pre-corrosion concrete experienced a decreasing trend along with increasing levels of corrosion.
Removal of H2S from Rich Solution in Absorption Process by Utilizing Thiobacillus.sp
Authors: Trisakti Bambang , Irvan  , Sidabutar Rivaldi , Azis Abdul , Akmal Nasution Juan , Sri Kristina Pasaribu Della
Published: May 2024

The content of hydrogen sulphide in the rich solution from absorption process is a contaminant type toxic and hazardous waste which has negative impact on the environment. This study aims to reduce H2S in rich solution by utilizing Thiobacillus sp. The utilization of Thiobacillus sp was carried out at ambient temperature, pH ranging from 8.5 to 9.3, facultative aeration with variations in initial H2S concentrations (1,000, 2,000 and 3,000 ppm) and an initial microbial to H2S solution (1:5, 1:3 and 1:1). H2S concentration analysis was performed to determine the efficiency of H2S reduction by using iodometric titration method. Analysis of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, and M-Alkalinity were performed to determine water quality resulted from the reduction by Thiobacillus sp. The highest H2S reduction efficiency by Thiobacillus sp at 70% was obtained by initial H2S concentrations of 3,000 ppm and the initial microbial ratio of H2 at 1: 3 solution with TS, VS, TSS, VSS, COD, pH and Alkalinity values were 5,040 mg/L, 2.420 mg/L, 1.030 mg/L, 690 mg/L, 126 mg/L, 8.1 - 9.6, and 750 mg/L respectively.
Price Transparency in the Management of Skull Base Tumors—The Price to Operate
Authors: Patel Shrey , Mastropierro Julianna , Spagnuolo Genevieve , Kosarchuk Jacob , O'Brien Monica , Wu Julian , Heilman Carl , Noonan Kathryn
Published: May 2024

Background Due to the escalating health care costs in the United States, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented a cost transparency initiative on January 1, 2021. Hospitals lack functional cost estimators or fail to provide pricing information for common skull base procedures.

Methods A list of the top 70 neurosurgery and otolaryngology hospital systems according to the US News and World Report rankings was made. Google searches for each hospital's cost estimator tool were conducted, recording its presence and accessibility time. Using the cost estimator tool, specific skull base procedure prices, Current Procedural Terminology codes, and contact information for personalized estimates were searched.

Results Fifty-seven hospitals (81%) were privately funded. The majority were urban teaching hospitals (n = 68; 97%). Geographical locations included 19 (27%) in the Northeast, 21 (30%) in the Midwest, 20 (29%) in the South, and 10 (14%) in the West. Of the 70 hospitals, 4 (5.7%) did not have a cost estimation website. Of the 66 hospitals that did, the average time to locate the cost of the skull-based procedures was 17.8 seconds (range 12–28 seconds). Only two (2.9%) hospitals had information for skull base procedures; both were radiosurgery procedures. The most common stereotactic radiosurgery offered was gamma knife radiosurgery (n = 50; 71%). A total of 19 hospitals (27%) did not include contact information for personalized cost estimation.

Conclusion The CMS price transparency guidelines are not designed to encompass skull base procedures. Due to this ambiguity, patients are unable to make informed financial decisions when selecting treatment options.
Resident-Driven Clinical Decision Support Governance to Improve the Utility of Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Sheehan Kristin N. , Cioci Anthony L. , Lucioni Tomas M. , Hernandez Sean M.
Published: May 2024

Objectives This resident-driven quality improvement project aimed to better understand the known problem of a misaligned clinical decision support (CDS) strategy and improve CDS utilization.

Methods An internal survey was sent to all internal medicine (IM) residents to identify the most bothersome CDS alerts. Survey results were supported by electronic health record (EHR) data of CDS firing rates and response rates which were collected for each of the three most bothersome CDS tools. Changes to firing criteria were created to increase utilization and to better align with the five rights of CDS. Findings and proposed changes were presented to our institution's CDS Governance Committee. Changes were approved and implemented. Postintervention firing rates were then collected for 1 week.

Results Twenty nine residents participated in the CDS survey and identified sepsis alerts, lipid profile reminders, and telemetry renewals to be the most bothersome alerts. EHR data showed action rates for these CDS as low as 1%. We implemented changes to focus emergency department (ED)-based sepsis alerts to the right provider, better address the right information for lipid profile reminders, and select the right time in workflow for telemetry renewals to be most effective. With these changes we successfully eliminated ED-based sepsis CDS reminders for IM providers, saw a 97% reduction in firing rates for the lipid profile CDS, and noted a 55% reduction in firing rates for telemetry CDS.

Conclusion This project highlighted that alert improvements spearheaded by resident teams can be completed successfully using robust CDS governance strategies and can effectively optimize interruptive alerts.
The association between criminal legal attitudes and healthcare utilization among adolescents: differences by gender and race
Authors: Miller Chelsea R. , Crockett Kaylee B. , Cropsey Karen L. , Gajos Jamie M.
Published: May 2024

System avoidance is a concept that individual contact with the criminal legal system causes avoidance of other social institutions. Negative attitudes about the criminal legal system and subsequent mistrust in healthcare systems or providers have only been studied in adults. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the association between healthcare utilization and youth-reported negative criminal legal attitudes stratified by gender and race in adolescents. Adolescents from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study self-reported attitudes involving legal cynicism, police legitimacy, and healthcare utilization. Logistic regressions were estimated to examine the associations between youth-reported criminal legal attitudes involving legal cynicism and police legitimacy, healthcare utilization, and sociodemographics. Only among non-white girls were negative criminal legal attitudes significantly associated with reduced likelihood of healthcare utilization during the previous 12 months (aOR = 0.55, p ≤ 0.01). Negative criminal legal attitudes in non-white girls reduced the odds of healthcare utilization, which supports the concept of system avoidance of institutions. This has implications for policymakers as they enact laws on crime and surveillance, especially in minority communities, as views on the criminal legal institution can impact other facets of life. More research is needed to directly explore this relationship beyond cross-sectional studies.
A shocking beginning to star formation
Authors: Ceccarelli Cecilia , Codella Claudio
Published: May 2024

The birth of stars is tightly entangled with interstellar shocks, which makes shocked regions a paradise for astrochemistry.
Dietary chromium-methionine supplementation and broiler (22–43 days) responses during heat stress. 2 - Physiological variables, and heat shock protein 70 and insulin-like growth factor-1 gene expression
Authors: Dalólio Felipe Santos , Albino Luiz Fernando Teixeira , de Oliveira Haniel Cedraz , Fireman Alba Kyonara Barbosa Alves Tenorio , Burin Junior Alvaro , Busanello Marcos , Rohloff Junior Nilton , Silva Tesser Guilherme Luis , Nunes Ricardo Vianna
Published: May 2024

Context Dietary supplementation with trace mineral chromium (Cr) has been shown to enhance the physiological responses of broilers subjected to heat stress (HS), modulate gene expression, and improve performance. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the impact of chromium–methionine (CrMet) supplementation on growth performance, body temperatures, lymphoid organ weights, hormones, blood parameters, and the expression of heat-shock protein-70 (HSP-70) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) genes in broilers under HS conditions (33°C for 12 h/day). Methods In the first experiment, 336 22-day-old male broilers were randomly distributed into four blocks with six treatments (0, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.80, and 1.20 mg/kg CrMet) and eight replicates with seven birds per cage. These broilers were subjected to HS from 22 to 43 days of age. In the second experiment, 24 male broilers, in total, at 43 days of age, previously exposed to HS, were randomly distributed to the same six treatments from the first experiment, with four replicates. Breast samples were collected for the analysis of HSP-70 and IGF-1 expression. Results A quadratic effect (P < 0.05) was observed on bodyweight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The supplementation of 0.71 and 0.68 mg/kg improved BWG and FCR, respectively. At 28 days of age, cloacal and mean body temperatures, corticosterone, and thyroid hormones were quadratically affected (P < 0.05), while at 43 days of age, a linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed on haemoglobin concentration. There was a reduction (P < 0.05) in the expression of HSP-70 and an increase in IGF-1 (P < 0.05) in the breast tissue of broilers supplemented with CrMet. Conclusions The supplementation with 0.71 mg/kg and 0.68 mg/kg of CrMet improved BWG and FCR, respectively. Additionally, the supplementation with 0.80 mg/kg improved hormones, reduced HSP-70 and increased the expression of IGF-1 in broilers during HS. Implications These findings suggest that CrMet can be included in the diet of broiler chickens subjected to HS to enhance physiological responses and performance.