bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HAMSTER: Hyperspectral Albedo Maps dataset with high Spatial and TEmporal Resolution
Authors: Roccetti Giulia , Bugliaro Luca , Gödde Felix , Emde Claudia , Hamann Ulrich , Manev Mihail , Sterzik Michael Fritz , Wehrum Cedric
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Surface albedo is an important parameter in radiative-transfer simulations of the Earth's system as it is fundamental for correctly calculating the energy budget of the planet. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments on NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites continuously monitor daily and yearly changes in reflection at the planetary surface. The MODIS Surface Reflectance Black-Sky Albedo dataset (version 6.1 of MCD43D) provides detailed albedo maps for seven spectral bands in the visible and near-infrared range. These albedo maps allow us to classify different Lambertian surface types and their seasonal and yearly variability and change, albeit only into seven spectral bands. However, a complete set of albedo maps covering the entire wavelength range is required to simulate radiance spectra and correctly retrieve atmospheric and cloud properties from remote sensing observations of the Earth. We use a principal component analysis (PCA) regression algorithm to generate hyperspectral albedo maps of the Earth. By combining different datasets containing laboratory measurements of hyperspectral reflectance for various dry soils, vegetation surfaces, and mixtures of both, we reconstruct albedo maps across the entire wavelength range from 400 to 2500 nm. The PCA method is trained with a 10-year average of MODIS data for each day of the year. We obtain hyperspectral albedo maps with a spatial resolution of 0.05° in latitude and longitude, a spectral resolution of 10 nm, and a temporal resolution of 1 d (day). Using the hyperspectral albedo maps, we estimate the spectral profiles of different land surfaces, such as forests, deserts, cities, and icy surfaces, and study their seasonal variability. These albedo maps will enable us to refine calculations of the Earth's energy budget and its seasonal variability and improve climate simulations.
Implications of Reduced-Complexity Aerosol Thermodynamics on Organic Aerosol Mass Concentration and Composition over North America
Authors: Serrano Damha Camilo , Gorkowski Kyle , Zuend Andreas
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) mass concentrations can be affected by water uptake through its impact on the gas–particle partitioning of semivolatile compounds. Current chemical transport models (CTMs) neglect this process. We have implemented the Binary Activity Thermodynamics model coupled to a volatility basis set partitioning scheme in the GEOS-Chem CTM, providing an efficient reduced-complexity OA model that predicts relative-humidity-dependent mixing and partitioning thermodynamics while limiting the impact on computational efficiency. We provide a quantitative assessment of this water-sensitive OA treatment, focusing on a subdomain over North America. The updated OA scheme predicts a spatiotemporal mean enhancement in surface-level OA mass concentration of 145 % for January 2019 and 76 % for July 2019 compared to GEOS-Chem's most advanced OA scheme. The temporal mean surface-level OA organic mass concentration can increase by up to ∼ 590 % for January 2019 and ∼ 280 % for July 2019, with the greatest enhancements occurring over the ocean. The updated OA scheme also quantifies the OA-associated water content. The simulations show how different OA precursors and related OA surrogates contribute and respond to water uptake, including due to changes in temperature and relative humidity over the diurnal cycle in selected winter and summer months. These results are independent of future CTM improvements involving updates to chemical reaction schemes and emission inventories. Our water-sensitive OA scheme allows for a better representation of the seasonal and regional variations of OA mass concentration in CTMs.
Managing Soil Nitrogen Surplus: The Role of Winter Cover Crops in N2O Emissions and Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Nasser Victoria , Dechow René , Helfrich Mirjam , Meijide Ana , Rummel Pauline Sophie , Koch Heinz-Josef , Ruser Reiner , Essich Lisa , Dittert Klaus
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Cover crops are acclaimed for enhancing the environmental sustainability of agricultural practices by aiding in carbon (C) sequestration and reducing losses of soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) after harvest. Yet, their influence on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions—a potent greenhouse gas—presents a complex challenge, with findings varying across different studies. This research aimed to elucidate the effects of various winter cover crops—winter rye (frost-tolerant), saia oat (frost-sensitive grass), and spring vetch (frost-sensitive legume)—against a control of bare fallow on SMN dynamics, N2O emissions and C sequestration. While cover crops efficiently lowered SMN levels during their growth, they also increased N2O emissions in comparison to bare fallow conditions. Notably, winter frost events triggered significant emissions from the frost-sensitive varieties. Moreover, the practices of residue incorporation and soil cultivation were associated with increased N2O emissions across all cover crop treatments. Winter rye, distinguished by its high biomass production and nitrogen (N) uptake, was linked to the highest cumulative N2O emissions, highlighting the impact of biomass management and cultivation techniques on N cycling and N2O emissions. Cover crop treatment lead to a slight increase in direct N2O emissions (4.5±3.0, 2.7±1.4, and 3.1±3.8 kg N2O-N ha-1 for rye, oat, and vetch, respectively) compared to the fallow (2.6±1.7 kg N2O-N ha-1) over the entire trial period (16 months). However, the potential of non-legume cover crops to reduce indirect N2O emissions compared to fallow (0.3±0.4 and 0.2±0.1 kg N2O-N ha-1 a-1 for rye and oat respectively) and their contribution to carbon sequestration (120–150 kg C ha-1 a-1 over a period of 50 years when growing cover crops every fourth year) might partially counterbalance these emissions. Thus, while cover crops offer environmental benefits, their net impact on N2O emissions necessitates further exploration into optimized cover crop selection and management strategies tailored to specific site conditions to fully leverage their ecological advantages.
Calving from horizontal forces in a revised crevasse-depth framework
Authors: Slater Donald A. , Wagner Till J. W.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Calving is a key process for the future of our ice sheets and oceans, but representing it in models remains challenging. Among numerous possible calving parameterisations, the crevasse-depth law remains attractive for its clear physical interpretation and its performance in models. In its classic form, however, it requires ad-hoc and arguably unphysical modifications to produce crevasses that are deep enough to result in calving. Here, we adopt a recent analytical approach accounting for the feedback between crevassing and the stress field and varying the density of water in basal crevasses, and show that it removes the need for such ad-hoc modifications. After accounting for ice tensile strength and basal friction, we show that the revised formulation predicts that full-thickness calving should occur at flotation when the calving front ice thickness is greater than around 400 m. It also predicts no calving for ice thinner than around 400 m, suggesting that calving at such glacier fronts is not driven purely by horizontal forces. We find good observational support for this analysis. We advance the revised crevasse-depth formulation as a step towards understanding differing calving styles and a better representation of calving in numerical models.
TROLL 4.0: representing water and carbon fluxes, leaf phenology and intraspecific trait variation in a mixed-species individual-based forest dynamics model – Part 1: Model description
Authors: Maréchaux Isabelle , Fischer Fabian Jörg , Schmitt Sylvain , Chave Jérôme
Published: October 2024

Abstract. TROLL 4.0 is an individual-based forest dynamics model that is capable of jointly simulating forest structure, diversity and ecosystem functioning, including the ecosystem water balance and productivity, leaf area dynamics and the tree community functional and taxonomic composition. It represents ecosystem flux processes in a manner similar to dynamic global vegetation models, while adopting a representation of plant community structure and diversity at a resolution consistent with that used by field ecologists. Specifically, trees are modeled as three-dimensional individuals with a metric-scale spatial representation, providing a detailed description of ecological processes such as competition for resources and tree demography. Carbon assimilation and plant water loss are explicitly represented at tree level using coupled photosynthesis and stomatal conductance models, depending on the micro-environmental conditions experienced by trees. Soil water uptake by trees is also modelled. Physiological and demographic processes are parameterized using plant functional traits measured in the field. Here we provide a detailed description and discussion of the implementation of TROLL 4.0. An evaluation of the model at two tropical forest sites is provided in a companion paper (Schmitt et al., submitted companion paper). TROLL 4.0’s representation of processes reflects the state of the art, and we discuss possible developments to improve its predictive capability and its capacity to address challenges in forest monitoring, forest dynamics and carbon cycle research.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRESS DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR LANSIA DI PEDUKUHAN CEPOKO TRIRENGGO BANTUL
Authors: Lucia Merry Wahyu Wikaningtyas  , Agustina Sri Oktri Hastuti  , Dwi Antara Nugraha
Published: October 2024

Pendahuluan. Lansia ketika mengalami masalah stress menyebabkan ketegangan otot sehingga saraf simpatif bekerja aktif sehingga menjadi gelisah dan tidak rileks sulit untuk memulai tidur dan mengakibatkan seseorang mendapatkan kualitas tidur yang buruk. Ketika mengalami stres akan terjadi peningkatan pada hormon kortisol hal itu dapat berpengaruhi pada susunan saraf tubuh manusia dan mengakibatkan ganggan pada tidur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat stress dan kualitas tidur lansia di Pedukuhan Cepoko Trirenggo Bantul. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat stress dan kualitas tidur lansia di Pedukuhan Cepoko Trirenggo Bantul. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia berusia 60-70 tahun di Pedukuhan Cepoko Trirenggo Bantul. Sample yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini 119 responden dihitung menggunakan rumus Issac & Michael dan teknik pengumpulan sampel dengan Consecutive Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk tingkat stress menggunakan DASS-42 dan untuk kuesioner kualitas tidur menggunakan PSQI. Hasil Lansia dengan tingkat stress ringan 50,4% dan 74,8% lansia memiliki kualitas tidur buruk hasil penelitian uji statistic dengan (p = 0,000 atau p<0,05) menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan anatara tingkat stress dengan kualitas tidur lansia di Pedukuhan Cepoko Trirenggo Bantul. Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stress dengan kualitas tidur lansia di Pedukuhan Cepoko Trirenggo Bantul.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN TUBERCULOSIS (TB) PADA ANAK
Authors: Wirakhmi Ikit , Iwan Purnawan  , Yuli Dwi Hartanto
Published: October 2024

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health issue both in Indonesia and internationally, making it one of the targets of sustainable health development goals (SDGs). The proportion of childhood tuberculosis cases in Central Java in 2022 was 19.5%, an increase compared to the 2021 proportion of 11.2%. This indicates that the transmission of tuberculosis cases to children is on the rise. Knowledge and attitudes are essential in promoting healthy behaviors, including efforts to prevent TB.Purpose. To determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with tuberculosis (TB) prevention behaviors in children.Methods.. This study is a quantitative correlational research. The study design is a cross-sectional study. The respondents were mothers with toddlers at Posyandu Mugi Slamet in Ledug Village, Kembaran Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency. The sample was taken using accidental sampling techniques, totaling 23 respondents. Data were collected on June 7, 2024. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The analysis used includes univariate and bivariate.Result. The majority had primary education (65.2%) and were unemployed (87%). Most respondents had good knowledge (56.5%), positive attitudes (91.3%), and positive behaviors (95.7%). The correlation between knowledge and behavior was not statistically significant (p = 0.184). A correlation value of 0.184 indicates a very weak positive correlation. The correlation between attitude and behavior was not statistically significant (p = 0.66). A correlation value of 0.752 indicates a strong positive correlation.Conclusion. There is no significant relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes with TB prevention behaviors in children.
EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI SEFT (SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE) DAN BERDZIKIR TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN MAHASISWA PRODI D3 KEPERAWATAN DALAM MENGHADAPI OSCA
Authors: Siswanto  , Aseta Pandu , Indriani Frida
Published: October 2024

Students are very easy to experiencing anxiety problems, both physical and psychological. One of which is anxiety about facing exams. Students need coping to overcome their anxiety so that it doesn’t drag on, namerly SEFT therapy (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique) and pray dzikir. To determine the effect of SEFT (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique) therapy on reducing anxiety levels in D3 Nursing Study Program Student in facing OSCA. The method used in this research is quantitative research with a Quasy Experiment design using a one group prepostest design approach. Sampling in this study used purposive sampling of 35 respondents. The results of research from a sample of 35 respondents showed that 7 respondents (20%) were male and 28 respondents (80%) were female. There were 35 respondents (100%) of Muslim students and 0 respondents (0%) of non-Muslim students. The level of student anxiety before SEFT (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique) therapy was obtained: 21 (60%) respondents experienced mild anxiety, 12 (34,3%) respondents experienced moderate anxiety, and 2 (5.7%) respondents experienced anxiety. severe. The level of student anxiety after SEFT (Spiritual
Emotional Freedom Technique) therapy showed that 14 (40%) respondents not anxious, 14 (40 % ) respondent mild anxiety, 7 (20%) moderate anxiety and 0 (0%) respondents severe anxiety Conclusion : There were changes and a decrease in anxiety levels in students after being given SEFT Therapy (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique)
«Кантианские вариации» М. Мамардашвили: специфика текста и мысли
Authors: Устименко Дмитрий Леонидович
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрена оригинальная специфика текста, в котором философия Канта продумывается на особом языке, в реестре новых понятий. Подчеркнута основательная подготовленность Мамардашвили к изложению своих «Вариаций», выраженная в твердой концептуальной позиции по многим аспектам кантовского учения. Учение Канта у Мамардашвили уверенно приводится к онтологии События, имеющей ценность в современной философии. В исследовании раскрыты основные темы «Вариаций»: личность Канта, проблема морали, интуиция свободы, теория разума, вопросы формы и синтеза опыта, проблема времени и единственности, абсолютное соответствие трансцендентального сознания и эмпирического мира. Показано, что возможность совпадения чистого и эмпирического сознания осуществляется Мамардашвили через образ ленты Мебиуса. В целом мы высоко оцениваем «Кантианские вариации» Мамардашвили, в которой осуществлена редкая попытка целостного продумывания сложной кантовской онтологии.
An Anthropocentric Approach to Christian Religion, Forest, Environmental Conservation and Climate Change in Kolo Creek
Authors: Onyagholo Azibalua
Published: October 2024

This study tries to examine anthropocentrism as an environmental ethical theory which is applied by the Christian Religion towards the treatment of the environment particularly in terms of the disvirgining of the virgin forest that adds to the survival and existence of man. The study adopted expository, textual analysis and empirical methods. The study revealed that Christian Religion with the adoption of the anthropocentric theory sees man as the center of value and that all the virgin forests which contain non-human creatures that contribute to man’s survival and existence, the ecosystem, the food chain and the interdependence of man with its environment and surrounding that leads to the improvement of the ozone layer and the improvement of climate change is destroyed and decimated by man due to the imbibing of the Christian Religion and the discarding of the African Traditional Religion by the Kolo Creek Clan people. Therefore, it concluded that there should be a balance between the Christian Religious doctrines as practiced in Africa.
Woo Forest in Kaiama: Philosophy, Security and Environmental Preservation
Authors: A. Onyagholo, , A. E. Edith,
Published: October 2024

The reliance of human beings on natural resources found in the environment, especially the overconsumption of these resources, has become a burning issue. This paper seeks to highlight major environmental problems, their causes and effects; it takes into consideration the notion of environmental preservation, and its importance. It further investigates the Woo forest that belongs to the Kaiama people of Bayelsa State, and the implication of the preserved forest on the people. The study adopted empirical, expository, and analytical methods. The study revealed that the forest areas that are preserved in Bayelsa State are only but few, which is causing more harm to the environment as the environment continues to diminish, and flora and fauna are at risk of extinction. It therefore recommends that more areas of land should be protected through preservation and people should be enlightened and educated about the importance of environmental preservation. The people and the government should take part in measures that will safeguard the environment, and avoid activities that will lead to deterioration of the natural environment. This will lead to a healthy environment for plants, animals, and humans and the improvement of the ozone layer and climate change for the survival of man.
Virus Papiloma Humano de alto riesgo y su relación con lesiones cervicales premalignas, entre los años 2020-2022, Chile.
Authors: Soto Fuentealba María Fernanda , Bustamante Saavedra Claudia , Salazar Vergara Elías , Robles Pantoja Jaime
Published: October 2024

Introducción: el Cáncer Cervicouterino es un importante problema de salud a nivel global, siendo causado principalmente por el Virus Papiloma Humano (VPH). Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de los distintos genotipos de Virus Papiloma Humano en pacientes con lesiones cervicales premalignas, en la Unidad de Patología Cervical entre los años 2020-2022, Chile. Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo observacional, con diseño transversal y alcance descriptivo, analizando datos de mujeres de 25-64 años, evaluando variables como edad, subtipo de VPH de Alto Riesgo, resultados de Papanicolau y biopsias. Resultado: Se estudió una muestra de 244 mujeres. El VPH 16 fue el subtipo más detectado, seguido de otros VPH de Alto Riesgo y el VPH 18. Aproximadamente el 22,95% presentaron más de un subtipo de virus, y el 47,95% con VPH de Alto Riesgo tuvieron alguna lesión cervical, siendo el Virus Papiloma Humano 16 el más asociado a neoplasias. Discusión: La detección de los VPH de Alto Riesgo mediante el Test Virus Papiloma Humano es un método más sensible comparado al Papanicolau, y debería preferirse como método de screening en mujeres de 30 años o más, para así mejorar las tasas de detección y evitar falsos positivos. Conclusión: El estudio confirma la asociación significativa entre VPH de Alto Riesgo con el Cáncer Cervicouterino, al igual que la superioridad del Test VPH con respecto del Papanicolau para el tamizaje de este, destacando la necesidad de mejorar las políticas públicas y continuar investigando los efectos que presentará la vacuna contra Virus Papiloma Humano en la población objetivo.
Análisis de la tasa de egreso hospitalario por trastorno delirante persistente en Chile entre los años 2019 a 2022
Authors: Flores Valenzuela Camila , Correa Santibañez Pablo , Araya Poblete Benjamín , Olivares Marchant Nicolás , Massai Montaner Paola
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El trastorno delirante persistente es una disfunción psicótica que afecta al 0,2% de la población global, caracterizado por delirios sin alucinaciones, lo que permite un cierto grado de funcionalidad. Esta patología aparece principalmente en adultos y está asociado a factores como el estrés y el consumo de sustancias. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la tasa de egreso hospitalario por TDP en Chile desde 2019 a 2022. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal sobre la TEH por TDP en Chile durante el período 2019-2022, considerando grupo etario, sexo y días de hospitalización. Los datos fueron obtenidos del Departamento de Estadísticas e Información de Salud y del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. No se requirió aprobación ética y no hay conflictos de interés. Resultado: La TEH promedio durante el período fue de 0,24 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes. Las mujeres presentaron una mayor tasa (0,26) en comparación con los hombres (0,22). El grupo etario más afectado fue el de 65-79 años con 0,60 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes. El mayor promedio de días de hospitalización ocurrió durante el 2021 con 62,35 días. Conclusión: Se hospitalizó más a mujeres y a personas mayores de 65 años, sugiriendo la influencia de enfermedades crónicas propias de la edad. Este es el primer estudio epidemiológico en Chile sobre TDP, proporcionando un perfil sociodemográfico útil para futuras investigaciones y políticas de salud enfocadas en la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de este trastorno.
Segurança do paciente em currículo integrado de medicina no Paraná-Brasil
Authors: Campos Priscilla Dal Prá , Ribeiro Edu , Pontes Gustavo Azevedo , Coelho Izabel C. M. Martins , Ribeiro Elaine Rossi
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O Guia Curricular de Segurança do Paciente (GCSP) da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) promove a cultura de segurança, abordando, em onze tópicos, princípios da Segurança do Paciente (SP) em graduações da área da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a inserção dos pressupostos da SP do CGSP em currículo integrado do curso de Medicina. Métodos: Estudo documental avaliativo realizado no curso de Medicina de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior em Curitiba-PR. Resultados: Identificação de seis tópicos na análise dos objetivos do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC). Presença de palavras-chave dos onze tópicos nas competências gerais do egresso no PPC. Os Planejamentos de Aprendizagem também foram analisados, evidenciando que os tópicos vão surgindo e ressurgindo em vários momentos no decorrer do curso, com abordagens e profundidades diferentes, oportunizando o aprendizado com múltiplos estímulos.Considerações Finais: O estudo possibilitou uma visão geral da inserção dos pressupostos da SP no currículo do curso analisado, pontuando suas fortalezas e fraquezas e uma visão geral das temáticas que estão contempladas na formação do futuro profissional. Considera-se que a segurança do paciente seja a base da qualidade do cuidado e a educação, no seu conceito latu, é requisito fundamental para alcançar e manter esta qualidade.
“Unidos sem sindicato!”: Desafios para a mobilização coletiva e possibilidades de resistência ao trabalho plataformizado de entregadores de comida no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Fernando do Amaral , Fuzyama Christian Kazuo , Lemos Ana Heloisa da Costa
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo tomou como objetivo compreender as manifestações de resistência de trabalhadores de entrega de comida ao trabalho plataformizado, bem como os desafios para a construção de uma resistência coletiva e formal desses trabalhadores precarizados. A partir dessa problematização, vinte e um (21) grupos do Facebook de entregadores foram acompanhados e analisados por meio de uma Netnografia de redes sociais, durante 13 meses. Postagens feitas pelos entregadores, bem como suas discussões e comentários compuseram um corpus analítico de 136 postagens e 9504 comentários, que foi submetido à Análise Temática para a construção de categorias de discussão. Os principais achados da pesquisa indicam o repúdio à figura do sindicato e à importância das redes sociais como local de encontro, solidariedade, resistência individual e coletiva, inclusive com uso do humor e ironia, denúncias das condições precárias de trabalho e incentivo às manifestações. Portanto, o presente trabalho contribui para o entendimento das formas de resistência no contexto de trabalho atual, marcado por forte presença das plataformas de intermediação de trabalho.
Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Barriers in English Language Learning: An Exploration of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy
Authors:   Cebu Technological University-Tuburan, Salgado Rinnah Mae , Koike Princess Shaira ,   Cebu Technological University-Tuburan, Maglasang Rizcelyn ,   Cebu Technological University-Tuburan, Minoza Joemar ,   Cebu Technological University-Tuburan
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the implementation and effectiveness of CRP in English language learning at Cebu Technological University-Tuburan Campus, addressing linguistic and cultural barriers for learners and explored diverse subcultures, including respondents’ religion, family structure, socioeconomic status, and educational attainment. Employing a mixed-methods design, the research utilized surveys and pre-post-tests with thirty-three respondents, and interviews with six informants to gather data. Findings revealed a broad age range, a predominance of female participants, and a religiously influenced demographic. The pre-post-test results demonstrated a significant improvement in overall written communication competencies, highlighting a substantial improvement in the application of morphological concepts in writing essays, coupled with sustained high proficiency in grammar. A multiple regression analysis identifies the varying influences of demographic factors on test scores. Teachers perceived CRP as a catalyst for inclusive education, emphasizing customized approaches aligned with cultural backgrounds. Thus, CRP positively impacts language learning outcomes in diverse educational settings. Recommendations include implementing an action plan to enhance language proficiency and overcome linguistic and cultural barriers in English language learning. Findings contribute to a broader understanding of CRP’s significant application in a culturally diverse educational context.
Beyond Solubility: An Uncharted Area of Bioavailability Enhancement Research for Better Therapeutics
Authors: Khan Riyaz , Ahmad Wajid , Pathan Razia , Jain Vishal , Rajput Dipali
Published: October 2024

Various systems are utilized to build the bioavailability of pharmacoactive particles in light of the fact that their low water dissolvability restricts their pharmacological potential however the solvency boundary can't be compromised. Low solvency chemically dynamic particles demonstrate a higher opportunity of medication improvement and development disappointment. Perhaps of the greatest test in the field of drug details is working on the solvency and bioavailability of prescriptions. The Arrangement of Biopharmaceutics states that medications in classes II and IV (APIs) have unfortunate solvency, lower bioavailability, and less disintegration. The Complexation of dynamic atoms, the utilization of co solvents, precious stone designing procedures, drug nanocrystals, emulsion development, micelles, miniature emulsions, nanomorph innovation, molecule size decrease advancements, drug salts, prodrug, the strong state rotation strategy, delicate gel innovation and strong scattering techniques are only a couple of the advances that are examined in this article to work on the dissolvability of inadequately water-dissolvable medications. This survey centers around various other state of the art methods for further developing solvency and bioavailability, including drug forms, cyclodextrins, strong lipid nanoparticles, micronization, strong scatterings, nanosizing, and colloidal medication conveyance frameworks. It does this by refering to various appropriate exploration reports.
Business models for sustainability: Challenges and opportunities for Africa
Authors: Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Adeoluwa Omoyemi Yekeen  , Ngodoo Joy Sam-Bulya  , Chikezie PaulMikki Ewim
Published: October 2024

In recent years, sustainability has emerged as a critical concern for businesses globally, with Africa facing unique challenges and opportunities in this domain. This paper explores various business models for sustainability in Africa, emphasizing their significance in addressing socio-economic issues and environmental challenges. The continent is rich in natural resources and has a burgeoning population, which presents both opportunities for sustainable development and challenges such as poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, limited access to financing, and regulatory hurdles that hinder the implementation of sustainable business practices. Furthermore, many African businesses lack the necessary knowledge and resources to adopt sustainable practices, leading to a reliance on traditional models that often prioritize short-term gains over long-term sustainability. This paper discusses innovative business models that can drive sustainable practices, such as circular economy initiatives, social entrepreneurship, and inclusive business strategies that prioritize community engagement and local capacity building. Opportunities for sustainability in Africa are also significant. The growing awareness of environmental issues, coupled with increasing consumer demand for sustainable products, presents a fertile ground for businesses to innovate. Leveraging technology, such as mobile applications and renewable energy solutions, can enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Additionally, public-private partnerships can facilitate knowledge transfer and resource mobilization to support sustainable business initiatives. This paper concludes that while challenges persist, Africa has the potential to lead in sustainable business practices by harnessing local resources, fostering innovation, and encouraging collaboration among stakeholders. By embracing sustainable business models, African countries can not only address pressing challenges but also create economic opportunities that contribute to the continent's growth and resilience. Ultimately, this research highlights the need for a collective effort among businesses, governments, and civil society to promote sustainable practices that benefit both the economy and the environment.
Cybersecurity and personal privacy: Protecting yourself in the digital age
Authors: Ahmed Al Zaidy
Published: October 2024

The internet has revolutionized communication, work, and life, offering unprecedented opportunities and conveniences. However, as our dependence on the digital world grows, so do the risks to our personal information, privacy, and security. Cyberattacks, online harassment, and cyberstalking are no longer rare occurrences—they have become everyday threats that anyone can face. Understanding and implementing robust cybersecurity measures is essential for protecting yourself in this increasingly connected world. This article explores effective ways to safeguard against cyberattacks, respond to online harassment, prevent cyberstalking, and remove your personal information from websites that share it without your consent.
高層建築配置與量體退縮對天空可視率與都市微氣候之影響
Authors: 鍾馨葆 鍾馨葆 , 蘇瑛敏 蘇瑛敏
Published: October 2024

隨著全球都市高度開發並朝向高層高密度化發展，土地使用方式不斷改變，建築型態逐漸朝向高層、高密度化，導致都市溫度不斷上升，影響人體舒適度與生活品質。據研究指出透過建築量體退縮設計，有助於提升都市通風與形塑良好的天空視野與都市環境，進而改善熱島效應並提升環境舒適度。本研究針對台北市高層高密度化之連棟型、雙拼型以及風車十字型等三種建築配置進行都市微氣候分析，比較不同住宅配置形式及天空可視率之量體退縮尺度，同時探討量體退縮尺度與SVF之關係，分析道路寬度（W）、退縮高度（H）、退縮深度（D）與SVF對都市微氣候之影響。結果顯示，透過概念城市模擬方案可得知為改善行人尺度微氣候環境應以底層退縮進行設計，而欲改善都市冠層微氣候環境則應以頂層退縮進行設計。更新改善方案整體以迎風側較背風側之街區建築量體退縮設計更有效改善行人尺度微氣候；不同配置形式量體退縮改善方案影響舒適度效果為風車十字型＞雙拼型＞連棟型配置，且整體以風車十字型配置之底層退縮12m設計為天空可視率及舒適度最佳方案。With the development of high-rise and high-density cities around the world, the land use pattern is changing, and the building pattern is gradually moving towards high-rise and high-density, which leads to the rising of urban temperature and affects human comfort and quality of life. In this study, the national residences of different configurations in the capital city of Taiwan-Taipei are taken as the research object, and three high-rise high-density areas, such as the Townhouse type (Zhongxiao commercial circle-Guangwu new village), the Duplex type (Shida commercial district-Taishun public housing),and the Cruciform type (Minsheng community-Pine Hill new village), using the field measurement and computational fluid dynamics software as the analysis tool, the overall micro-climate simulation analysis was performed using the data obtained from the TETO 480 multi-function environmental measuring instrument and the Sky View Factor (SVF), by comparing the volumetric retreat scale of different housing configurations and sky visibility, and exploring the relationship between volumetric retreat scale and SVF, the effects of road width (W), retraction height (H), retraction depth (D) and SVF on urban microclimate were analyzed. The results show that both the type and scale of housing configuration had an influence on the SVF and the comfort degree of the environment. The best microclimate environment is the windmill cross configuration, and the SVF index is higher with the depth of retreat Through the conceptual urban simulation scheme, it can be concluded that the design for improving the pedestrian microclimate environment should be based on the base retreat, while that for improving the urban canopy microclimate environment should be based on the top retreat. As a whole, the pedestrian-scale microclimate can be improved more effectively by the retrogression design of the building volume on the upwind side than on the leeward side. The effect of different configurations on the comfort is as follows: The Windmill Cross, double mosaic, and multi-span configurations. The overall design of 12m in the bottom of the Windmill Cross is the best one for the visibility and comfort of the sky.
可逆性腦血管收縮症候群：個案報告及文獻回顧
Authors: 林倩如 林倩如 , Chien-ju Lin 林冠佑
Published: October 2024

頭痛為家庭醫學科門診很常見的病人主訴，完整的病史詢問及理學檢查會協助我們判別危急的頭痛徵象，而其中雷擊性頭痛(thunderclap headache, TCH)就是不容忽視的警訊之一。此個案報告分享一位有偏頭痛病史的病人，新發生TCH，在排除其它鑑別診斷後，診斷為可逆性腦血管收縮症候群(reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, RCVS)。本文針對TCH常見的鑑別診斷及RCVS做簡要的文獻回顧，讓基層醫療醫師對此頭痛主訴及診斷能有所警惕，以做出適當的處置及轉診。

 

Headache is a common chief complaint in family medicine clinics. Careful history-taking and physical examination help establish critical headache diagnosis, and thunderclap headache (TCH) is one of the red flag features of headache. This article reported a female patient with a history of episodic migraine who developed new TCH and was diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) after excluding other differential diagnoses. The literature on the evaluation of TCH and diagnosis of RCVS were reviewed herein. This case report may help primary care physicians to be alert to TCH and RCVS for appropriate treatment and referral.

 
主編的話—災難對諮商專業發展的影響
Authors: 王智弘 王智弘 , Chih-Hung Wang 趙家琛 , 芳川玲子 芳川玲子
Published: October 2024

災難是人們生活中難以承受的意外事件。每次災難會帶來破壞與傷痛，可是也帶來重生與希望；災難對諮商專業帶來了許多挑戰，同時也帶來學習的課題與發展的契機。本文旨在探討災難對諮商專業發展所造成的影響，並深刻思考其中蘊含的意義與重要的議題，本文先依歷史的軌跡敘述臺灣對諮商專業發展有關的重要災難事件，其次探索其帶來的影響與意義，再探討災後心理救援經驗與通訊心理諮商應用，最後再針對其中涉及的文化與倫理考量進行討論，以期能就災難與諮商所涉及的相關議題進行深入而完整的探討。災難與諮商交織的不只是實務操作經驗的議題，其實也涉及專業發展、科技運用、文化議題與倫理考量。

Disasters, being an unexpected occurrence in people’s lives, bring destruction and pain as well as rebirth and hope. Disasters have brought several challenges to the counseling profession, such as in learning topics and development opportunities. This article aimed to explore the impact of disasters on the development of the counseling profession and to assess its implications and important issues. First, it described the important disaster events related to the development of the counseling profession in Taiwan based on historical trajectories. Second, we explored its impact and significance; then, we discussed the experience of post-disaster psychological rescue and the application of telecounseling. Finally, we discussed the cultural and ethical considerations involved, aiming to provide an in-depth and complete discussion of the issues involved in disaster counseling. Disasters and counseling are intertwined with issues in practical experience and professional development, technology use, cultural issues, and ethical considerations.

 
足球運動傷害及預防對策：文獻回顧
Authors: 李世宇 李世宇 , 徐藝洳 徐藝洳 , 張淳皓 張淳皓
Published: October 2024

目的：足球在國際上是非常大眾的運動。近年為了提升國內足球的運動風氣，政府已在基層下了許多的努力，除了增加參加人數外，提升運動傷害相關知識也非常重要。俗話說預防勝於治療，為了使選手能夠健康且長久的享受足球運動，教練跟選手皆須具備運動傷害相關的知識。方法：本文透過華藝線上圖書館與PubMed文獻資料庫搜集、統整及回顧國內外足球傷害之相關文獻，以常見的運動傷害、球員位置不同的比較、訓練及比賽負荷和傷害預防策略，藉此四項觀點進行探討以及剖析。結果：足球運動主要遭遇的傷害部位為下肢，根據球員在球場上的位置分布會引發不同類型的運動傷害，且根據訓練課表及比賽的休息間隔時間也會影響負荷程度。結論：足球的運動傷害主要成因與運動期間的運動表現有直接的關聯，教練需因應球員狀態進行調整課表外，也需增加傷害預防的訓練課表來提升運動員身體素質及降低受傷率。

 

Purpose: Football is the most popular sport among various countries. In recent years, the government has irrigated at grassroots levels to influence the whole nation. The objective of the present study was to perform a systematic review of injury risk factors in football athletes, that make up for the lack of knowledge about football injuries among players and coaches. Methods: To discuss and analyze the common injury, position injury comparison, training & competition loads and injury prevention in the article, this study collects, conducts, and reviews the studies nationally and internationally through PubMed and Airiti Library. Results: The study shows that (1) lower extremity injuries had the most prevalence in footballers. (2) Injuries are variously due to player positions. (3) The intensity in training and the break between game to game affect the level of loads. Conclusions: Injury in football is related to the performance during games and training, therefore coaches should make some adjustments and come up with some preventive programs due to players’ states, not only increasing players’ physical level but also decreasing injury rate.

 
一位70歲男性具胸痛及呼吸喘表徵之創傷性膿胸
Authors: 蔡宜靜 蔡宜靜
Published: October 2024

老年病患當同時有胸痛及呼吸喘症狀時，需要考慮到各種急症的可能性，若加上非典型的臨床表徵，更可能造成一線醫療人員鑑別診斷的困難度。案例是一位70歲男性，此次因胸痛及呼吸喘入院，初步臆測肺炎及肋膜積水，但亦不能排除其他急症之心肌梗塞、肺栓塞或主動脈剝離的可能性。經由理學及影像學檢查來排除上述急症之診斷，進而偏向肺炎及肋膜積水診斷的可能性。住院期間，病患出現發燒及白血球增高表徵，但細菌培養皆為陰性，且經驗性抗生素使用之下症狀未獲得改善，因考量入院前有創傷史，經胸腔超音波檢查併穿刺引流管放置，及胸部電腦斷層等詳檢確認膿胸診斷，最終以胸腔鏡手術介入治療，同時病理組織確認為第三期膿胸。病患住院中接受手術及抗生素輔助治療，並搭配呼吸訓練之後，症狀改善出院。因此當遇到案例有胸痛合併呼吸喘，加上其他危險因子如：老年人、長期咳嗽、慢性腎臟疾病及胸部創傷史等，必須將創傷後膿胸列為鑑別診斷，以免錯失診斷及治療先機。

 

Geriatric patients presenting simultaneously with chest pain and dyspnea require careful evaluation for potential medical emergencies. Atypical symptoms can complicate the differential diagnosis pro-cess. We present the case of a 70-year-old man who was admitted with chest pain and dyspnea. The initial differential diagnosis considered included pneumonia, pleural effusion, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and aortic dissection. During his admission, he became pyrexial with leuko-cytosis, and all his cultures (blood, sputum, pleural effusion) came back negative. He did not respond to empirical antibiotics. Due to a history of trauma, empyema was suspected. Stage III empyema was further diagnosed by imaging, thoracoscopy and pathological tissue examinations. Surgery, antibiot-ics, and breathing exercises were provided and led to a complete recovery. Taking into account other risk factors such as elderly age, chronic cough, chronic kidney disease, and a history of chest trauma, it is essential to consider empyema as a differential diagnosis for proper and instant treatments.

 
Valoración de las competencias interdisciplinares en estudiantes del Programa de Pedagogía en Educación Media Para Licenciados y Titulados Universidad Andrés Bello
Authors: Riquelme Pérez Nicole , Morales Flores Nathaly , González Orb Marcelo , Lobos-González Manuel
Published: October 2024

Estudio orientado a valorar las competencias interdisciplinares de los estudiantes de tercer semestre en el Programa de Pedagogía en Educación Media para Licenciados y Titulados de la Universidad Andrés Bello. Su diseño corresponde al cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo. La población la constituyen los 23 estudiantes universitarios del presente programa de formación. La recolección de datos fue realizada mediante el CETI, aplicado vía Google Forms. Los resultados muestran una percepción en general positiva de las CI, destacando una alta valoración de las dimensiones TCL y HI. Por otro lado, se identificaron oportunidades de mejora en MII. Los resultados recomiendan fortalecer las metodologías de investigación interdisciplinaria, el aumentar las actividades de refuerzo grupales, incorporar estudios de caso interdisciplinares, y fomentar proyectos integradores.
Exploring the Belief in Resurrection of the Me’enit Ethnic Group in Ethiopia
Authors: Moges Andualem Abate
Published: October 2024

This study examines the resurrection myth among the Me'enit ethnic group in southwestern Ethiopia. It examines their belief in a place called Mouu, which was created by the deity Tuma and where people live on after death. The study aims to deepen our understanding of the Me'enit cultural and spiritual worldview by examining the origin and persistence of their belief in resurrection. The methodology involves a combination of primary and secondary data collection and analysis. Primary data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation within the Me'enit community, while secondary sources were analyzed for additional context. The data was thoroughly analyzed using narrative theory to identify themes and patterns. The findings shed light on the unique resurrection beliefs and practices of the Me'enit, emphasizing the ongoing presence of the resurrection myth and the importance of Mouu in their belief system. This study contributes to the understanding of the Me'enit ethnic group and their myth and offers insights into their beliefs and practices related to resurrection.
Employing a positive behaviour support approach on a neuro-behavioural ward: A service evaluation
Authors: Wright Stephanie , Nucera Samuela , Irwin Richard
Published: October 2024

Background:Outcomes from neuro-behavioural wards can be overlooked due to the complex and varied presentations and difficulty in establishing the ingredients contributing to functional improvements.

Methods:A service evaluation was conducted on an adult Neuro-behavioural Rehabilitation Unit (NRU) at the Royal Hospital for Neuro-disability (RHN) (2015-2022). Primary aims were to examine demographic characteristics and assess the functional benefits of admission to a setting that utilises a positive behaviour support (PBS) approach as indicated by the Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure (FIM+FAM) and Swansea Neurobehavioural Outcome Scale (SASNOS) scores.

Results:The FIM+FAMs of 53 patients (38% female; mean age 44) were included. The majority of patients were White British (60%). Most patients were admitted to the NRU following a traumatic brain injury (TBI; 41%), and admission was, on average, seven months after their injury. The results show that the mean FIM+FAM score revealed significant statistical improvement from admission to discharge. Improvement is also seen in all domains and almost all sub-domains of the SASNOS.

Conclusion:The findings support an association between admission to a neuro-behavioural rehabilitation setting providing PBS and improvements over time. Careful selection of outcome measures and consistent completion is necessary to support successful funding applications for neuro-behavioural rehabilitation services.
Perfil de pacientes com tuberculose internados em uma unidade de saúde em São Luís, no Maranhão
Authors: Fecury Aldineyde Barros , Sousa Anny Ely Silva de , Pinto Nielson Valério Ribeiro , França Stephany Neves , Silva Flor de Maria Araújo Mendonça , Rêgo Adriana Sousa , Aliança Amanda Silva dos Santos
Published: October 2024

A Tuberculose é uma das doenças que mais matam no mundo, permanecendo como um grave problema de saúde pública. Caracterizar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes internados com tuberculose. Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa utilizando os prontuários médicos dos pacientes internados em uma unidade de referência em São Luís. Dentre os 245 prontuários avaliados, observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, entre 25 e 54 anos, solteiro, que cursaram até o ensino fundamental incompleto. A tuberculose pulmonar foi a predominante. A principal comorbidade foi o HIV/Aids e o exame mais realizado foi a Tomografia Computadorizada. Quanto ao uso de drogas, a maioria fazia uso de álcool, tabaco ou drogas ilícitas e 15,33% dos pacientes internados vivem em situação de rua. É necessário o fortalecimento de todas as ações que visam a identificação, diagnóstico e tratamento dos casos de tuberculose da comunidade, o que deve acontecer em conjunto com a Atenção Básica.
Regulación internacional de datos personales: Lecciones del Convenio 108
Authors: Espinel López Cristian , Aguilar Echeverría Marisol Verónica
Published: October 2024

El Convenio 108 del Consejo de Europa de 1981 marcó un hito en la regulación internacional de datos personales. Ratificado por 50 países, este instrumento internacional fue implementado ante la necesidad de salvaguardar la privacidad como derecho humano y regular el tratamiento de datos en la era digital. Esta breve investigación aborda temas como la automatización y transferencias internacionales de información, así como también revela vacíos como la falta de actualización para ser aplicados en mecanismos sancionatorios efectivos. Este artículo analiza sus avances, desafíos y lecciones aprendidas en la protección transfronteriza de datos personales.
From Convention to Contention: La Famille de Saltimbanques and Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
Authors: Mallen Enrique
Published: October 2024

In 1905 and 1907 Pablo Picasso worked on two large canvases for which multiple preparatory studies exist. These paintings marked quite different stages in the Spaniard's career. If the first one symbolized his final acceptance into the French modernist establishment, which is usually known as his Rose Period; the second was meant to be a radical break from those conventions, and a determined push to distance himself from established practices. More specifically, what took place between the two canvases was a transition from a fusion of realism and metaphor/allegory to a neo-primitive (and modern) perspective leading to quasi-abstraction. Not surprisingly, the first painting was auction for a record-breaking price in March of 1914, despite the growing political tensions between the great powers, particularly France and Germany, caused by colonial competition and old territorial grievances. Conversely, the second painting sold for much less in 1923, even though France was experiencing a period of rapid economic growth and social change: the so-called "Roaring 20s."