bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajectory classification to support effective and efficient field-road classification
Authors: Chen Ying , Kuang Kaiming , Wu Caicong
Published: March 2024

Field-road classification, which automatically identifies in-field activities and out-of-field activities in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) recordings, is an important step for the performance evaluation of agricultural machinery. Although several field-road classification methods based only on GNSS recordings have been proposed, there is a trade-off between time consumption and accuracy performance for such methods. To obtain an optimal balance, it is important to choose a suitable field-road classification method for each trajectory based on its GNSS trajectory quality. In this article, a trajectory classification task was proposed, which classifies the quality of GNSS trajectories into three categories (high-quality, medium-quality, or low-quality). Then, a trajectory classification (TC) model was developed to automatically assign a quality category to each input trajectory, utilizing global and local features specific to agricultural machinery. Finally, a novel field-road classification method is proposed, wherein the selection of field-road classification methods depends on the trajectory quality category predicted by the TC model. The comprehensive experiments show that the proposed trajectory classification method achieved 86.84% accuracy, which consistently outperformed current trajectory classification methods by about 2.6%, and the proposed field-road classification method has obtained a balance between efficiency and effectiveness, i.e., sufficient efficiency with a tolerable accuracy loss. This is the first attempt to examine the balance problem between efficiency and effectiveness in existing field-road classification methods and to propose a trajectory classification specific to these methods.
Genome-wide identification of the CYP82 gene family in cucumber and functional characterization of CsCYP82D102 in regulating resistance to powdery mildew
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Li Pengfei , Wang Yu , Chi Chunyu , Ding Guohua
Published: March 2024

The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene family plays a vital role in basic metabolism, hormone signaling, and enhances plant resistance to stress. Among them, the CYP82 gene family is primarily found in dicots, and they are typically activated in response to various specific environmental stresses. Nevertheless, their roles remain considerably obscure, particularly within the context of cucumber. In the present study, 12 CYP82 subfamily genes were identified in the cucumber genome. Bioinformatics analysis included gene structure, conserved motif, cis-acting promoter element, and so on. Subcellular localization predicted that all CYP82 genes were located in the endoplasmic reticulum. The results of cis element analysis showed that CYP82s may significantly affect the response to stress, hormones, and light exposure. Expression patterns of the CYP82 genes were characterized by mining available RNA-seq data followed by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) analysis. Members of CYP82 genes display specific expression profiles in different tissues, and in response to PM and abiotic stresses in this study, the role of CsCYP82D102, a member of the CYP82 gene family, was investigated. The upregulation of CsCYP82D102 expression in response to powdery mildew (PM) infection and treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or salicylic acid (SA) was demonstrated. Further research found that transgenic cucumber plants overexpressing CsCYP82D102 display heightened resistance against PM. Wild-type (WT) leaves exhibited average lesion areas of approximately 29.7% at 7 dpi upon powdery mildew inoculation. In contrast, the two independent CsCYP82D102 overexpression lines (OE#1 and OE#3) displayed significantly reduced necrotic areas, with average lesion areas of approximately 13.4% and 5.7%. Additionally, this enhanced resistance is associated with elevated expression of genes related to the SA/MeJA signaling pathway in transgenic cucumber plants. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the biological functions of the P450 gene in cucumber plants.
Analysis of Social Networks as Forums for Political Debates in Tanzania: A Case of Chama Cha Mapinduzi and Chadema Tanzania Twitter Platforms
Authors: Gamaliel Jane , Ng’atigwa Francis
Published: March 2024

The rise of social media platforms has transformed the way political debates are conducted in Tanzania. Among the social media platforms, Twitter is the most popular social network in Tanzania, and it has become an important tool for political communication and debates. Currently, political parties, including CCM and CHADEMA, have an active Twitter account, which they use to engage with their supporters and the general public. The paper presents part of the findings of the study on Assessment of Social Networks as Forums for Political Debates in Tanzania, A Case of Chama Cha Mapinduzi and Chadema Tanzania Twitter Platforms. This paper examines types of issues discussed on social media platforms, specifically focusing on Twitter accounts of Chadema Tanzania and Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). It analyses the content of their posts, engagement levels, and the extent to which various issues are addressed. By studying these two prominent Tanzanian political parties, the paper aims to provide insights into the key political issues that garner attention and attraction on social media in the Tanzanian context. The paper uses Habermas’ theory of public sphere to analyse political discussions on the two Twitter accounts. The paper used the qualitative content analysis technique to explore the two Twitter accounts from January to March 2023. The study found that the two Twitter accounts have become a significant avenue for public discourse, enabling individuals to engage with political issues, express opinions, and connect with others. The discussions cover a wide range of topics, from local to global matters, and often include debates on policies, elections, governance, social justice, and more. The paper further found that there is freedom to obtain information that is not limited, and interaction in social media also encourages young voters to participate in political debates. The paper recommends that political parties invest more in social media to allow their members to engage in political discussions and debates to widen the horizon of democracy.
Isolation, Purification of Scopulariopsis fimicola and Effect of Cropping Period on Calocybe indica
Authors: Kumar Akhil , Singh S.K. , Singh Gaurav Ayodhya , Tiwari Shambhavi , Shiwangi  , Singh Gajendra Pratap , Pundir Siddhant Kr
Published: March 2024

The Calocybe indica (Milky Mushroom) affected by large number of biotic and abiotic factors during cultivation. Among them, white plaster mould caused by Scopulariopsis fimicola encounter the compost and casing soil during cultivation and adversely affect the spawn run, growth and yield of C. indica. The present research work on various aspects of milky mushroom cultivation was conducted during 2019-21. June and August months (29.20- 35.80C temperature and 73.00- 85%relative humidity) are most suitable for milky mushroom cultivation. The associated mycoflora was isolated from infected casing soil, collected from farmers cultivating milky mushroom house/field. Eleven associated mycoflora viz., Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. flavus parasiticus, Penicillium citreonigrum, Acremonium sp., Alternaria alternata, Curvularia Iunata, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Rhizopus stolonifera and Scopulariopsis fimicola were isolated and identified. The cropping period during April 2020 to October 2020 the moisture content, temperature and relative humidity varied from 74 to 75%, 26.9 to 36.6 °C and 73 to 88%and the spawn run during the rest of the month varied from 19 to 21 days. The maximum time of spawn run was recorded at 21 days in the month of October 2020 and minimum time of spawn run was recorded at 20 days in the month of July and August 2020.
Exploring the Value and Potential to Commercialize Underutilized Leafy Vegetables Found in Karbi Anglong District, Assam, India
Authors: Terangpi Hunmili , Maibangsa M. , Baruah N. , Bathari M. , Bharadwaj K.
Published: March 2024

The present paper deals with the identification, documentation and exploration of diverse underutilized leafy vegetables consumed by the Karbi tribes of Karbi Anglong District, Assam. The NE region of India is the Gateway to India’s richest biodiversity zones important for the genetic resources’ world over. Genetic diversity of such underutilized leafy vegetables is concentrated or common in Northeast India more particularly in Karbi Anglong Hill District of Assam, which is considered to be one of the hotspots of the biodiversity in the world. The Indigenous and underutilized leafy vegetables are a source of livelihood for the local/ethnic communities of the district.  In addition to food security these are also a part of culture and tradition for most of the hill tribes. These underutilized leafy vegetables are mostly found in wild forms as non-timber forest products and other natural habitats though some are domesticated and cultivated. The richness of plant diversity is largely due to ecological diversity superimposed with tribal and ethnic diversification, plant usage and religious rituals. The present paper deals with some of the common underutilized leafy vegetables used by the karbi communities. From the survey conducted in different local markets/weekly markets altogether 30 species belonging to 23 families were reported from the study area. These plant species were found to be morphologically different from each other and were found to important in the Karbi Anglong District of Assam because of their medicinal values and provide economic benefit for the rural poor people. Tabulation has been done according to their Scientific name with families, vernacular name(karbi), plant parts used, common uses, mode of propagation, ITK’s. etc. These plant species are used as vegetables which are having higher nutritional properties than commonly cultivated vegetables. Underutilized leafy vegetables and wild edible plants constitute an essential part in variation of diet and bring nutritional security and act as cheap source of healthcare component among ethnic communities. Therefore, there is a need for conducting systematic studies and research-based information on these plant species so as to establish them as economically viable crop. Domestication and bringing into cultivation is the need of the hour for promotion of these herbs beyond their confined locality. Studies on adaptability of these plant species in different environment are also important for their promotion as commercial crop.
Modern Agro Techniques for Carbon Sequestration to Mitigate Climate Change
Authors: Elavarasi P. , Doruk Kasinam , Bose K. Subash Chandra , Ramamoorthy P. , Manojkumar  , Venu Nakeertha
Published: March 2024

The review discusses both abiotic and biotic technologies and describes the mechanics involved in sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2). In an attempt to reduce the net rate of rise in atmospheric CO2, carbon sequestration entails transporting or storing CO2 into various long-lived global reservoirs, such as biotic, geological, pedologic, and marine layers. Carbon sequestration is the process of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by biological or geological mechanisms. The method of keeping carbon in a stable, solid state is known as sequestration. Technologies are being developed which is explained in the main body of review to reduce the rate at which land-use change, energy, process industries, and the process of cultivating soil in raising the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide.
Evaluation of Local Types of Bird’s Eye Chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) of Plant and Fruit Morphological Characters
Authors: Ashok Priyadarshan, A. M.  , Shyamalamma, S.  , Nagesha, S. N.  , Anil Veena S , Nirmala, K. S.  , Shravya K. J.
Published: March 2024

Chilli is an important commercial crop grown for its pungency. Capsicum frutescens L. is one of the five cultivated species in the genus Capsicum. These are widely used as spice throughout the world due to characteristic pungency and also have applications in pharmaceutical industry. Capsicum frutescens L. exhibits large variation in plant and fruit characters. The present study was conducted to evaluate bird’s eye chilli genotypes and identify the variation for some plant physical characters and fruit morphological traits (qualitative and quantitative). A total of thirty-three genotypes including a check variety viz., Vellayani Samruddhi (C. frutescens L.) were used in the study. Field evaluation was carried out and observations such as leaf shape, leaf pubescence, flowers per axil, fruit orientation (plant physical traits) and fruit shape, fruit curvature, fruit colour, fruit glossiness and seed colour (fruit morphological characters) were recorded. The results on morphological evaluation revealed that most of the genotypes (26) possess ovate shaped leaves with pubescence. Flowers were erect being one to three per axil. All the genotypes had moderately triangular fruit shape with no curvature. The colour of seeds varied among the genotypes including light yellow (UASBCF-19, UASBCF-29 and Vellayani Samruddhi) and rest of the genotypes being orange yellow. The average values for quantitative traits such as fruit length, width, number of locules, pericarp thickness and fruit stalk length were observed to be 1.99 cm, 0.66 cm, 2.00, 0.29 mm and 2.23 cm respectively. This variations in qualitative characters of the fruit can be utilized in crop improvement programme.
Path and Genetic Divergence Analysis of Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.] Genotypes
Authors: Gupta Rishabh , Gupta Ajeet Kumar , Yaduvanshi Niharika , Srivastava Aman , Singh Jay , Vimal S.C. , Singh Piyusha
Published: March 2024

The present investigation consisting of seeds of 72 genotypes with 3 check varieties (Varuna, Kranti, NDR-8501) were used for experimentation under Augmented Block Design in Indian mustard germplasm/genotypes was carried out during 2019-20 on the Student Instructional Farm Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology Kumarganj Ayodhya (U.P.) India. The characters studies were Days to 50 % flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm), Number of primary branches/plants, Number of secondary branches/plants, Length of main raceme (cm), Number of silique in main raceme, Number of seeds/siliquae, 1000-seed weight (g) and Seed yield/plant (g). The highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant exhibited by 1000 seed weight (0.2512) followed by length of main raceme (0.2189), the highest positive indirect effect on seed yield per plant was exhibited length on main raceme (0.0477) via seed pre-silique fallowed by the number of siliquae on main raceme (0.0332) via secondary branches per plant. The maximum intra-cluster distance was estimated in case of Cluster VI (2.652) followed by cluster I (2.520), Cluster IV (2.352), cluster III (2.329), cluster VIII (2.148). The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VI (4.417) followed by cluster III and VI (4.270), VI and VIII (4.251), cluster I and VII (4.156). The maximum cluster mean was found in cluster I (9.21) for seed yield per plant followed by cluster III (8.67) and cluster VII (8.50).
Export competitiveness of Non- basmati Rice in Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Ghidode Sarita , Joshi Sanjay Kumar
Published: March 2024

The present study is to analysed the export competitiveness of non-basmati rice in Chhattisgarh based on secondary data. All of the secondary sources engaged in collection and curation of export data were utilised. The Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCIS), the Indiastat website, and the Agricultural and Processed Food Product Export Development Authority (APEDA) statistical export reports was used to gather the secondary data needed to meet the objectives over 10 years (2014 to 2023). Nominal protection coefficient, Revealed comparative advantage techniques were used to analyse the data. As NPC and RCA was less than unity, respectively, the competitiveness revealed that Chhattisgarh had a comparative disadvantage in the export of non- basmati rice. Thus the share of non-basmati rice in total agriculture export is medium.
Correlation between Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) as a Prognostic Biomarker for Diabetic Nephropathy Patients in a South Indian Hospital
Authors: Anandhasayanam A. , Kannan S. , Hemanandhini H. , Rajamurugan R. , Ranjith R. , Rajamani S.
Published: March 2024

Context: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, capable of leading to end-stage renal disease. Diabetic nephropathy could only be identified through renal biopsy testing, which is expensive and can impose a financial burden on patients. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop a cost-effective method for identifying diabetic nephropathy.
Aim: To evaluate the correlation between RBC parameters, such as RDW and MCV values, as prognostic biomarkers for patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Methods and Material:
Study Design: Prospective comparative study.
Study Site: Sudha Institute of Medical Science, Erode.
Study Duration: Study was carried out over six-months.
Sample Size: 101 diabetic nephropathy patients and 101 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Statistical Analysis: Pearson correlation.
Results: The majority of diabetic nephropathy patients were 40 years old or older, and most of them were males. Among the study participants, a significant number of male participants had habits of smoking and alcohol consumption. The duration of diabetes and BMI exhibited a strong correlation with the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, there were notable increases in urea, creatinine, FBS, RBS, PPBS, and HbA1C, alongside a decrease in MCV and eGFR as diabetic nephropathy progressed.
Conclusions: Our research indicates a positive correlation between RDW and HbA1c, FBS, RBS, PPBS, urea, and creatinine. In contrast, negative correlation of RDW with MCV and eGFR. MCV is negatively correlated with HbA1c, FBS, RBS, PPBS, urea, creatinine. In contrast, positive correlation between MCV and eGFR.
Turning Trash into Treasure: Utilizing Sericultural Wastes in Mushroom Cultivation
Authors: Nath Indrani , Dutta Pankaj Lushan , Narzary Prety Rekha , Niranjan M. Ashwin
Published: March 2024

Sericulture, an agro- based industry, generates substantial biodegradable waste, which, when repurposed, can significantly enhance mushroom production. This study explores the innovative transformation of sericultural waste into nutrient- rich substrates for mushroom cultivation, addressing global food insecurity and waste management challenges. The study also highlights the versatility of mushrooms, particularly oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.), in utilizing diverse lignocellulosic wastes. It delves into the nutritional superiority of sericultural by-products over conventional substrates and their potential to reduce environmental pollution. The review underscores the economic and ecological benefits of integrating sericultural waste into mushroom cultivation, contributing to sustainable agriculture and a circular economy. Future directions emphasize the need for optimizing substrate composition and further research to maximize the yield and quality of mushrooms cultivation on sericultural waste, paving the way for a sustainable and profitable synergy between sericulture and mushroom farming.
Size and Shape Dependence of Organo‐Interconnected Silsesquioxanes through Hydrolysis‐Condensation Reaction Conditions: Nanotubes, Spheres and Films
Authors: Pichon B. P. , Wong Chi Man M. , Dieudonné P. , Bantignies J.‐L. , Bied C. , Sauvajol J.‐L. , Moreau J. J. E.
Published: August 2007

A tris‐silylated urea‐based compound, 1,3,5‐tris(triethoxysilylpropylureido)benzene has been synthesized. Hybrids materials with different shapes (films, spheres and tubes) are obtained upon base‐catalyzed hydrolytic condensation of this compound. A self‐templating process is demonstrated using electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (SAXS and WAXS) techniques. We show the formation of nanometer size hollow tubes according to the size of the self‐templating crystalline precursor. The possibility for this self‐templating to occur is due to a favored dissolution of the self‐assembled molecules of the precursor in a preferential direction parallel to the cross‐section of the crystals.
Blue Electroluminescence Enhancement of Poly{2,7‐(9,9′‐dioctylfluorene)‐co‐4‐diphenylamino‐4′‐bipenylmethylsulfide} Incorporating Side‐Chain‐Tethered Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Hsu S.‐L. , Chou C.‐H. , Chen C.‐P. , Wei K.‐H.
Published: August 2007

Through in situ reduction of a gold precursor, we have tethered gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to the side chains of poly{2,7‐(9,9′‐dioctylfluorene)‐co‐4‐diphenylamino‐4′‐bipenylmethylsulfide} (PF‐DBMS) through its ArSCH3 anchor groups. The presence of 1 wt % of the tethered Au NPs led to a reduction in the degree of aggregation of the polymer chains, resulting in a 50 % increase in its quantum yield. The electroluminescence of a 1 wt % Au/PF‐DBMS device was almost four times higher in terms of its maximum brightness and its full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum emission peak was much narrower than that of a pure PF‐DBMS device; the presence of a small amount of Au NPs significantly enhances the electron injection and transport and suppresses the photo‐oxidation of PF‐DBMS.
Novel Solid Acid Catalysts: Sulfonic Acid Group‐Functionalized Mesostructured Polymers
Authors: Xing R. , Liu N. , Liu Y. , Wu H. , Jiang Y. , Chen L. , He M. , Wu P.
Published: August 2007

Novel solid acid catalysts have been prepared from Fudan University (FDU)‐type mesoporous polymers with the Ia

d and P6mm mesostructures through a carefully controlled sulfonation procedure. Various techniques have been adopted to characterize throughout their structures, porosity, acidity as well as the information related to the sulfonic acid groups. The sulfonic acid group‐functionalized mesopolymers prove to be efficient heterogeneous catalysts in the reactions such as liquid‐phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime and condensation of ethylene glycol with the aldehydes having different molecular sizes.
Re‐endothelialization of Human Umbilical Arteries Treated with Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: A Tool for Damaged Vessel Replacement
Authors: Kerdjoudj H. , Boura C. , Moby V. , Montagne K. , Schaaf P. , Voegel J.‐C. , Stoltz J.‐F. , Menu P.
Published: August 2007

The use of cryopreserved arteries for vascular tissue engineering provides a promising way for vessel replacement. Unfortunately cryopreservation induces structural changes that strongly modify the mechanical properties and alter the thrombogenicity of the vessel after implantation. We present here a new procedure to treat the inner coating of cryopreserved arteries with poly(sodium‐4‐styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polyelectrolyte multilayers. We show that this treatment improves the mechanical properties of the cryopreserved vessel. It also allows the adhesion and spreading of endothelial cells so that the internal structure of the vessel closely resembles that of fresh arteries. Finally, we verify by PECAM‐1 and von‐Willebrand‐factor (vWF) expression that this treatment preserves the phenotype of the endothelial cells. This study should open new routes towards the development of future, new biocompatible tissue substitutes allowing long‐term functionality after implantation.
Transparent Zeolite–Polymer Hybrid Materials with Adaptable Properties
Authors: Suárez S. , Devaux A. , Bañuelos J. , Bossart O. , Kunzmann A. , Calzaferri G.
Published: August 2007

We report here on a simple preparation procedure for highly transparent zeolite‐polymer hybrid materials and polymer covered zeolite L monolayers. Wrapping up zeolites containing, e.g., dye molecules as guest species with alkoxysilane derivatives results in an efficient dispersion of the nano particles into the organic liquid monomer. The following copolymerisation process leads to a hard, insoluble and transparent material containing zeolites. Optical properties such as colour, luminescence, refractive index or photochromism can be adapted by simply changing the type and amount of the guest in the zeolite crystals, while transparency is maintained.
Phase II evaluation of an intensified induction therapy with standard daunomycin and cytarabine followed by high dose cytarabine for adults with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia: A southwest oncology group study (SWOG‐9500)
Authors: Petersdorf Stephen H. , Rankin Cathryn , Head David R. , Terebelo Howard R. , Willman Cheryl L. , Balcerzak Stanley P. , Karnad Anand B. , Dakhil Shaker R. , Appelbaum Frederick R.
Published: August 2007

Induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) usually consists of 7 days of cytarabine at 100–200 mg/m2/day and an anthracycline. Such combinations produce complete response (CR) rates of 60–80% in patients with de novo AML. On the basis of a previous report, suggesting a higher CR rate using a regimen of standard daunomycin and cytarabine followed by 3 days of high‐dose cytarabine (HDAC), 101 eligible patients received this regimen in a phase II trial. Sixty patients [59%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 49–69%] achieved a CR, and 10 patients died of infection during induction. Although cytogenetic risk group affected overall survival (P = 0.0016) and relapse‐free survival (P = 0.0043), it had no impact on CR rate (P = 0.63). Patients received postremission therapy with repetitive courses of alternate day high‐dose cytarabine; this was associated with considerable toxicity and the majority of patients could not receive all of the scheduled postremission therapy. The estimated median survival was 23 months (95% CI 15–34 months), and the estimated probability of surviving 5 years was 34% (95% CI 24–43%). The results of this intensive induction regimen were similar to that seen in previous trials and were not as promising as reported in the previous pilot study. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post‐transplant outcomes of induction therapy for myeloma: Thalidomide and dexamethasone versus doxorubicin, vincristine, and dexamethasone prior to high‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell support
Authors: Vogl Dan T. , Liu Stephen V. , Chong Elise A. , Luger Selina M. , Porter David L. , Schuster Stephen J. , Tsai Donald E. , Perl Alexander , Loren Alison W. , Goldstein Steven C. , Nasta Sunita D. , Andreadis Charalambos , Mangan Patricia A. , Hummel Kimberly , Siegel Don L. , Glatstein Eli , Stadtmauer Edward A.
Published: August 2007

High‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell support improves survival as part of initial therapy for myeloma. Previous studies of pre‐transplant induction regimens have compared paraprotein response rates but not long‐term outcomes after transplant. We reviewed the records of all patients with multiple myeloma who received an autologous stem cell transplant at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. We compared outcomes for 69 patients who received high‐dose melphalan conditioning after January 1, 2003 as part of initial therapy for myeloma, including 41 patients who received anthracycline‐based induction (VAD or DVD) and 28 patients who received thalidomide and dexamethasone induction. Baseline characteristics in these two groups were not different, though potentially clinically important differences were apparent in assignment to post‐transplant consolidation and maintenance therapy. Despite similar response rates during induction therapy, thalidomide and dexamethasone induction was associated with better progression‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.18, P = 0.011) after transplant. This effect persisted in multivariable regression models including baseline characteristics and post‐transplant treatment. Overall survival was not different between the two groups. These results suggest that the use of thalidomide during induction therapy may lead to improved long‐term outcomes after transplant. Future trials comparing induction therapies should examine progression‐free and overall survival after transplant to confirm this benefit. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) copolymers and its potential as a compatibilizer for amorphous polyamide blends
Authors: Becker D. , Hage E. , Pessan L. A.
Published: August 2007

Poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) copolymers (MMA‐MA) have been synthesized by solution method, using toluene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The MMA‐MA copolymers were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and titration. It was found that the modified polymerization procedure used in this work was more effective in controlling the molecular weight when adding different amounts of maleic anhydride (MA) than procedures previously used. In spite of the significant difference in reactivity ratios between MMA and MA, up to 50% of the MA added to the reactor was incorporated into the copolymer. The evidences for reactions of the MA groups of the MMA‐MA copolymer with the amine end groups of the amorphous polyamide (aPA) during melt blending was obtained by rheological measurements. In this work, the molecular weight and the content of MA reactive functional groups in the MMA‐MA copolymer were varied independently and its effects on the interaction with aPA were studied. It was observed that a compromise between molecular weight and the level of reactive functional group of the compatibilizer should be sought to improve the compatibilization of the polymer systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Life-saving therapy for haemorrhaging liver adenomas using selective arterial embolization
Authors: Stoot J H M B , van der Linden E , Terpstra O T , Schaapherder A F M
Published: August 2007

Background

Emergency treatment for patients with a ruptured hepatocellular adenoma is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate management with selective arterial embolization.

Methods

The study included 11 consecutive patients treated for ruptured hepatocellular adenomas between 2001 and 2006. After initial haemodynamic support, all patients received selective embolization of branches of the hepatic artery. The primary outcome was effectiveness in stopping the bleeding. Secondary outcomes were complications and changes in tumour size after embolization.

Results

A single embolization brought haemorrhaging under control in ten patients; one patient needed three embolizations. None of the patients required emergency surgery. In the follow-up of 19 (range 7–49) months, no general or hepatobiliary complications were observed. All 25 adenomas, including those without signs of haemorrhaging in the same liver lobe, were either smaller or not detectable on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging after embolization, with the median diameter decreasing from 7·0 to 2·5 cm (P < 0·001).

Conclusion

Selective embolization of the hepatic artery is a safe and adequate first approach in the management of patients with haemorrhaging hepatocellular adenomas. Furthermore, arterial embolization reduces the size of adenomas in the liver.
A New Class of “All‐Metal” Aromatic Hydrido‐Bridged Binary Coinage Metal Heterocycles. A DFT Study
Authors: Tsipis Athanassios C. , Stalikas Alexandros V.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electronic Structure and Thermoelectric Power of CeNi4Si.
Authors: Kowalczyk A. , Falkowski M. , Tran V. H. , Pugaczowa‐Michalska M.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
“Covalent Magnetism” and Invar‐Like Behavior within Ternary Nitrides: An ab initio Study
Authors: Matar Samir F. , Houari Abdesalem , Belkhir Mohamed A. , Zakhour Mirvat
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure Determination of Novel Orthoborate NaMgBO3: A Promising Birefringent Crystal.
Authors: Wu L. , Zhang Y. , Kong Y. F. , Sun T. Q. , Xu J. J. , Chen X. L.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aluminacyclopentanes in the Synthesis of Ethyl 1‐Hydroxycyclopentanecarboxylates.
Authors: Dzhemilev U. M. , Ibragimov A. G. , Khafizova L. O. , Gilyazev R. R. , Makhamatkhanova A. L.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Ferrocene‐Based C2‐Symmetric Diphosphine Ligands: Application to the Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of α‐Substituted Cinnamic Acids.
Authors: Chen Weiping , McCormack Peter J. , Mohammed Karim , Mbafor William , Roberts Stanley M. , Whittall John
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel and Efficient Cyanofluoromethylation Promoted by Samarium(II) Species.
Authors: Asano Yusuke , Suzuki Shoko , Aoyama Tadashi , Shimizu Kosuke , Kajitani Masatsugu , Yokoyama Yasuo
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Biaryls via Decarboxylative Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Becht Jean‐Michel , Catala Cedric , Le Drian Claude , Wagner Alain
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unified, Radical‐Based Approach for the Synthesis of Spiroketals.
Authors: de Greef Michiel , Zard Samir Z.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Reaction of Arylvinylidenecyclopropanes with Ethyl (Arylimino)acetates: A Facile Synthetic Protocol for Pyrrolidine and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Lu Jian‐Mei , Shi Min
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New Partially Hydrogenated Carbazoles.
Authors: Gataullin R. R. , Likhacheva N. A. , Abdrakhmanov I. B.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Imidazolines and Bisimidazolines under Microwave and Ultrasonic Irradiation.
Authors: Moghadam Majid , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Mirkhani Valiollah , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Abdollahi‐Alibeik Mohammad , Yousefi Behrooz H. , Kargar Hadi
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Aryl Heterocycles with Strained Alkenes.
Authors: Hulcoop David G. , Lautens Mark
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction of Hexahydropyrimidine‐2,4,6‐trione with Naphthalen‐2‐amine and Benzaldehydes.
Authors: Kozlov N. G. , Basalaeva L. I.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Green Synthesis for Pyrimido[4,5‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Singhal Kavita , Kukreja Shuchi
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sequential Silylcarbocyclization/Silicon‐Based Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Liu Jack Hung‐Chang
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Four Novel Metabolites from Microbial Transformation of Curcumol by Cunninghamella blakesleana.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Kang Ning , Qiu Feng , Qu Ge‐Xia , Yao Xin‐Sheng
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effect of ω‐Substituents in the Hydrazones of Conjugated Pregnane 20‐Ketosteroids on Their Ability to Cyclize to Pyrazolines.
Authors: Kamernitskii A. V. , Chernoburova E. I. , Chertkova V. V. , Yarovenko V. N. , Zavarzin I. V. , Krayushkin M. M.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cimicifugadine from Cimicifuga foetida, a New Class of Triterpene Alkaloids with Novel Reactivity.
Authors: Dan Chun , Zhou Yan , Ye Deng , Peng Shulin , Ding Lisheng , Gross Michael L. , Qiu Samuel X.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of a Novel Bicyclic Nucleoside with a 3,7‐Anhydrooctofuranosyl Skeleton.
Authors: Kim Myong Jung , Chun Moon Woo
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benzimidazol‐2‐yl or Benzimidazol‐2‐ylthiomethyl Benzoylguanidines as Novel Na+/H+ Exchanger Inhibitors, Synthesis and Protection Against Ischemic‐Reperfusion Injury.
Authors: Zhang Rui , Lei Lin , Xu Yun‐Gen , Hua Wei‐Yi , Gong Guo‐Qing
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Characterization of the Oxidation States of Supported Gold Species by IR Spectroscopy of Adsorbed CO.
Authors: Mihaylov Mihail , Knoezinger Helmut , Hadjiivanov Konstantin , Gates Bruce C.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2,6‐Diaminopimelic Acid (DAP) and Its Analogues
Authors: Dzierzbicka K.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Cleavage of Lactones and Thiolactones. Applications in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Paryzek Zdzislaw , Skiera Iwona
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Metallocanes of Group 14 Elements. Part 1. Derivatives of Silicon and Germanium
Authors: Selina A. A. , Karlov S. S. , Zaitseva G. S.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benzo‐1,4‐quinones Substituted with Carbon Having Two Bonds to Heteroatoms
Authors: Balci M. , Celik M. , Gultekin M. S.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Human Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment: A Challenge to Green Chemistry
Authors: Khetan Sushil K. , Collins Terrence J.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals
Authors: Corma Avelino , Iborra Sara , Velty Alexandra
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Variations on a (T)heme — Novel Mechanisms, Redox Partners and Catalytic Functions in the Cytochrome P450 Superfamily
Authors: Munro Andrew W. , Girvan Hazel M. , McLean Kirsty J.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
CBr4: A Useful and Efficient Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of 4‐Substituted‐1,4,5,6,7,8‐Hexahydroquinolin‐5‐ones Via Hantzsch Reaction
Authors: Wu Jie , Wang Wei‐Zi , Sun Wei
Published: August 2007

A carbon tetrabromide (CBr4) catalyzed one‐pot synthesis of 4‐substituted‐1,4,5,6,7,8‐hexahydroquinolin‐5‐one derivatives via a Hantzsch reaction under mild conditions was described.
Novel Photocycloaddition Reactions of N‐Methyl‐2, 3‐naphthalenedicarboximide with Phenylacetylene
Authors: Liu Qing‐Jian
Published: August 2007

UV irradiation of N‐methyl‐2,3‐naphthalenedicarboximide with phenylacetylene in benzene solution afforded a novel hexacyclic adduct 2 confirmed unambiguously by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
A Flow‐Tube and PERCA Study of Radical Yields in the Ozonolysis of Ethene
Authors: Qi Bin , Yang Hong‐Yan , Wang Zhu‐Qing
Published: August 2007

The production of radicals in the ozonolysis of ethene in air in a flow tube was monitored directly by a chemical amplification instrument at room temperature (298±2) K and 1×105 Pa. The radical yield is 0.50±0.08 (() and found to be independent of CO. The result shows that the indirectly measured radical yields for the ozonolysis of ethene may be underestimated by a factor of 2.
Studies on Thermodynamics Features of the Interaction between Imidacloprid and Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Yan Cheng‐Nong , Mei Ping , Guan Zhong‐Jie , Liu Yi
Published: August 2007

At different temperatures, the interactions between imidacloprid (IMI) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated with a fluorescence quenching spectrum, a synchronous fluorescence spectrum, a three‐dimensional fluorescence spectrum and an ultraviolet‐visible spectrum. The average values of bonding constants (KLB: 3.424×104 L·mol−1), thermodynamic parameters (ΔH: 5.188 kJ·mol−1, ΔG(:−26.36 kJ·mol−1, ΔS: 103.9 J·K−1·mol−1) and the numbers of bonding sites (n: 1.156) could be obtained through Stern‐Volmer, Lineweaver‐Burk and thermodynamic equations. It was shown that the fluorescence of BSA could be quenched for its reactions with IMI to form a certain kind of new compound. The quenching belonged to a static fluorescence quenching, with a non‐radiation energy transfer happening within a single molecule. The thermodynamic parameters agree with ΔH>0, ΔS>0 and ΔGσ<0, suggesting that the binding power between IMI and BSA should be mainly a hydrophobic interaction.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Binding Interaction between Hormone Glucagon Protein and Self‐Assembled Monolayer Molecules
Authors: Wang Yeng‐Tseng , Cheng Cheng‐Lung , Shih Yu‐Ching , Kan Heng‐Chuan , Chen Chang‐Hung , Hu Jeu‐Jiun , Su Zhi‐Yuan
Published: August 2007

Restrained molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the binding affinity of the peptide with alkanethiols of different tail‐groups, S(CH2)7CH3, S(CH2)7OH and S(CH2)7COOH, which self‐assembled on Au(111) surface in the presence of water molecules. The curves of binding affinity were calculated by fixing the center of mass of the peptide at various distances from the assembling surface. Simulation results show that the binding affinity is in the order as COOH‐SAMs>OH‐SAMs>CH3‐SAMs, while 100% COOH‐SAMs>5% COOH‐SAMs in concentration. The effects on binding affinity by different tail‐groups were also studied. Results show that the binding affinity between COOH‐SAMs and the peptide is bigger than those of the others and increasing the acidity of COOH‐SAMs will result in stronger attractive power.
Theoretical Study on the Reaction Mechanism of Ketene CH2CO with Isocyanate NCO Radical
Authors: Zhao Li‐Wei , Kan Wei , Yu Hai‐Tao , Fu Hong‐Gang , Sun Jia‐Zhong
Published: August 2007

The bimolecular single collision reaction potential energy surface of an isocyanate NCO radical with a ketene CH2CO molecule was investigated by means of B3LYP and QCISD(T) methods. The computed results indicate that two possible reaction channels exist on the surface. One is an addition‐elimination reaction process, in which the CH2CO molecule is attacked by the nitrogen atom at its methylene carbon atom to lead to the formation of the intermediate OCNCH2CO followed by a C–C rupture channel to the products CH2NCO+CO. The other is a direct hydrogen abstraction channel from CH2CO by the NCO radical to afford the products HCCO+HNCO. Because of a higher barrier in the hydrogen abstraction reaction than in the addition‐elimination reaction, the direct hydrogen abstraction pathway can only be considered as a secondary reaction channel in the reaction kinetics of NCO+CH2CO. The predicted results are in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical investigations.