bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local strain rate sensitivity of α+β phases within dual-phase Ti alloys
Authors: Jun Tea-Sung
Published: January 2022

Using in-situ micropillar compression, the local strain rate sensitivity in Ti6242 and Ti6246 has been investigated to strengthen our understanding on the rate- and slip system-sensitive deformation of dual-phase Ti alloys. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to find target grains anticipating basal and primatic slip activities under compression test. Micropillars with similar α orientation and incomparable β morphology were made by a focused ion beam (FIB). Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was determined based on the constant strain rate method (CSRM). The marked difference of SRS is found in the α+β of both alloys such that in Ti6242 the SRS in the basal slip is considerably higher than that in the prism whilst both slips in Ti6246 show somewhat similar SRS, inferring that either local chemical effects or the β morphology could affect rate-sensitive deformation behaviour.
A Review of Porous Glass-Ceramic Production Process, Properties and Applications
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Hakim , Mustaffar Mohd Idham , Ismail Syarifah Aminah , Ismail Anis Nadhirah
Published: January 2022

Porous materials exist around our environment and play an important role in our daily lives to be used widely in many fields, among the fields are energy distribution and storage, vibration suppression, liquid filtration, heat insulation, and sound absorption. Porous glasses are materials that have pores structure using silica as the primary component in all types of standard and specialty glass mixture with a foaming agent and other additives. Porous glass is usually in the size of nanometre and micrometer range. Porous glass is usually prepared by using phase separation, sintering and sol-gel method [1]. This review paper will focus on the various properties of this porous material related to the production process used to their properties and possible applications such as filtering, lightweight concrete, heat resistance insulator, and biomaterials.
OP-K-Means: Optimized Algorithm for Recommendation System Based on User Preferences
Authors: Zuo Fang , Siniauski Uladzislau , Yang Haochen , Wang Guanghui
Published: January 2022

For a recommender system (RS), it is difficult to capture all the user’s interest lists simultaneously, which leads to the problem of insufficient performance of the existing joint RS based on the K-Means clustering algorithm. In this paper (1), we introduce a cluster optimization method OP -K-means for user preference data. This method starts with propagation from the center of the user preference data. By selecting relatively distant positions between each initial center, the distance between them is increased as much as possible. (2) Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our algorithm on a dataset from Facebook and compare our algorithm with original K-means. Our experimental results justify the validity of our OP -K-means algorithm.
A Method for Object Extraction from Crop Image Based on Visual Saliency
Authors: Wang Yuting , Liao Zhouyu
Published: January 2022

In order to solve the problem of accurate extraction of crop targets in natural background, an image target extraction method based on visual saliency is proposed. Firstly, an image is divided into multiple super pixels. Secondly, the significance detection method of ‘background first’ is used to calculate the significance of the whole image. Thirdly, the optimal data source is generated according to the characteristics of the high saliency region. Finally, the optimal data source is divided into target region and background region, and the crop target is extracted from the original image. Experimental results on a large number of crop images show that this method can extract targets accurately and completely.
Residual Network and Embedding Usage: New Tricks of Node Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Chi Huixuan , Wang Yuying , Hao Qinfen , Xia Hong
Published: January 2022

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and subsequent variants have been proposed to solve tasks on graphs, especially node classification tasks. In the literature, however, most tricks or techniques are either briefly mentioned as implementation details or only visible in source code. In this paper, we first summarize some existing effective tricks used in GCNs mini-batch training. Based on this, two novel tricks namedGCN_res FrameworkandEmbedding Usageare proposed by leveraging residual network and pre-trained embedding to improve baseline’s test accuracy in different datasets. Experiments on Open Graph Benchmark (OGB) show that, by combining these techniques, the test accuracy of various GCNs increases by 1.21%∼2.84%. We open source our implementation at https://github.com/ytchx1999/PyG-OGB-Tricks.
Non-Standard Clothing Detection in Electricity Scenes Based on Adaptive Training Samples Selection Neural Network
Authors: Chen Haipeng , Luo Wang , Mao Jinwei , Min Fuhon
Published: January 2022

Standard clothing in the electricity scene is so important that it can validly prevent workers from injuries. Strengthen non-standard clothing detection can help people correct the bad habits of dressing. However, there are some challenges existing in standard clothing in electricity scenes. There are few numbers in some kinds of clothing (e.g. short sleeves or not wearing helmet) in electricity scenes. The colors of some personnel clothing are similar to those of the background of workshop, such as white helmets and white frames. To handle these issues, in this paper, a novelty clothing detection method in electricity scenes is proposed based on a policy of adaptive training samples selection. The number of clothing can be expanded by rectifying mosaic augmentation, and the information loss of the top features can be compensated by residual feature augmentations. Experimental results show that the model can automatically and accurately identify non-standard clothing from complex electricity scenes, and has better detection performance (mAP=0.433) compared with the other model (mAP=0.419).
Autonomous Learning and Navigation of Mobile Robots Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Lai Zhiqiang , Jia Zhiwei , Chen Man
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problems of convergence difficulties faced by deep reinforcement learning algorithms in dynamic pedestrian environments, and insufficient reward and feedback mechanisms, a data-driven and model-driven navigation algorithm which named GRRL has been proposed. In order to enrich and perfect the reward feedback mechanism, we designed a dynamic reward function. The reward function fully considers the relationship between the robot and the pedestrian and the target position. It mainly includes three parts. The experimental results show that the autonomous learning efficiency and the average navigation success rate of the mobile robot driven by the GRRL algorithm are improved, the average navigation time is shorter. The dynamic reward function we designed has a certain improvement effect on robot navigation.
Short-term Global Horizontal Irradiance Prediction Based on Deep Echo State Network
Authors: Ma Gaohong , Li Jun
Published: January 2022

The prediction of global horizontal irradiance have a great impact on the stability and economic benefits of photovoltaic (PV) power generation. In this paper, we adopt the method of Deep Echo State Network (DESN) to predict the global horizontal irradiance in different areas one hour in advance. Under the same conditions, the results show that DESN are better than BP, SVM, ESN methods in the prediction accuracy. Experiments show that the proposed models show superior ability in predicting solar irradiance and have great application potential in power grid integration.
Compressing Deep Learning Model for Agile Moving Target Defense
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Hu Hao , Zhu Xianwei
Published: January 2022

The moving target defense achieves the effect of defending against network attacks by constantly changing the attack surface. IP hopping defense is a typical representative of network layer moving target defense technology. It has been verified to show considerable defense effect against DDoS attacks and scanning attacks. Aiming at the problems that the system resource overhead of the existing IP hopping defense technology is too large, an agile IP hopping defense technology based on compressed neural network is proposed in this paper. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is deployed to sense the attack. In the training, the CNN uses techniques of clipping and quantizing to make the trained model show low storage occupation and high processing efficiency. The lightweight CNN determines the current attack situation according to the flow table data uploaded regularly by each switch in the data plane. Then configure and trigger two different levels of IP hopping according to the judgment results. Experimental results show that compared with the current typical IP hopping defense methods, the proposed method can significantly reduce the system overhead, including storage occupation, channel occupation and so on. In terms of security, the performance of the proposed method is equivalent to the existing state-of-art method against DDoS attacks and scanning attacks.
Combining Imputation Method and Feature Weighting Algorithms to Improve the Classification Accuracy of Incomplete Data
Authors: Wang Yue , Guo Cong , Xiao Chunjing , Yang Wei
Published: January 2022

It is a common problem that datasets in pattern classification tasks contain missing values. In order to deal with missing values, the K-Nearest Neighbor Imputation method with Euclidean distance is often used to find K nearest neighbors, and then the mean of these samples is considered as the filling value. Although this method can deal with the problem of missing values well, it cannot effectively deal with the classification task with noise and redundant features because it ignores the importance of features. In order to do this, the paper proposes a novel imputation method. In our method, missing values are firstly filled by using the K-Nearest Neighbor Imputation method based on Euclidean distance, then a feature weighting vector can be obtained by using a feature weighting algorithm trained on the initially filled data, and finally the K-Nearest Neighbor Imputation with weighted Euclidean distance is used to fill missing values. The experimental results on six datasets show that the proposed method can improve the classification accuracy of incomplete data.
Road Aerial Object Detection Based on Improved YOLOv5
Authors: Li Zhenzhe
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the target detection technology based on deep learning is applied to the process of object detection in highway aerial photography. By detecting road objects such as vehicles or crosswalk, it lays the foundation for digitalization and informationization of roads. Firstly, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used to collect road images. Then based on YOLOv5 network, aiming at the problem of small detection target, attention mechanism is introduced to weigh different channels of feature graph, and SoftPool is introduced in SPP module to improve pooling operation and retain more detailed feature information. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv5 network can identify and locate objects on aerial roads more accurately and effectively.
YOLOv5-based Defect Detection Model for Hot Rolled Strip Steel
Authors: Li Shun , Wang Xiaoqiang
Published: January 2022

In the defect detection of hot-rolled strip steel, there are often problems of too small target size and unclear features that lead to wrong detection and missed detection, for which a YOLOv5-based defect detection method for hot-rolled strip steel is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the overall architecture of the method is proposed, and then the algorithm implementation process is highlighted. Experimental analysis shows that the average detection accuracy using YOLOv5 is improved by 11.9% compared to YOLOv4 improved, with stronger generalization capability, faster detection speed, and lower error and miss detection rate.
NOTAM Text Analysis and Classification Based on Attention Mechanism
Authors: Mi Baigang , Fan Yi , Sun Yu
Published: January 2022

As one of the important carriers, Notice to Air Men (NOTAM) provides key aeronautical security information during flight operation. However, a large number of NOTAM texts lack systematic utilization and organization. To improve the application of NOTAM texts, the Natural language processing can be used to classify and analyze NOTAM texts, and their effective processing attaches significance to monitor the air security. In this paper, a corpus set of NOTAM by web crawler technology has been built to generate raw data. Based on the aeronautical intelligence knowledge system, the corpus set is systematically pre-processed and analyzed, while the key information in NOTAM and corpus features are also extracted. Considering the high-dimensional and sparse of corpus set, the traditional bi-directional Recurrent Neural Network (Bi-RNN) architecture is improved by adding an attention layer which not only allows the Bi-RNN to capture hidden dependency to improve sparse features, but also allows the attention mechanism to weigh the key information base on their perceived importance to optimize text representation. Experiments show that that the Attention-based Bi-RNN network outperforms the other four models, achieving a precision of 94.17% and an F1-Score of 93.66%. The model rapidly increases the utilization of text features meanwhile reduces the loss, which demonstrates it is a useful tool for the task of NOTAM texts classification and air security surveillance.
A K-means Optimization Algorithm Suitable for Fast Clustering of WebGIS Massive Data
Authors: He Honglei , Sun Bo , Yang Yan , Chen Jun
Published: January 2022

K-means has the advantage of fast speed and is suitable for clustering large-scale data of WebGIS geographic information. However, due to the random selection of K-means initial clustering centers, the clustering results are unstable and the clustering accuracy is poor. Some current research documents have solved the problems of clustering accuracy and stability, but the clustering time has been greatly increased. The article proposes a grid-based K-means improved algorithm GBK-means, which is based on an adaptive grid method to obtain initial clustering centers. Firstly, the parameters of the grid division are obtained by judging the distribution state of the sample data; then, the interconnected areas of each dense grid are obtained and the cluster centers are obtained, and on this basis, the initial cluster centers are obtained. The experimental results on the real data set of WebGIS show that GBK-means has better clustering effect and faster clustering speed than K-means, K-means++, literature [2], and literature [3]. The average value of its F value, accuracy rate and adjusted Rand coefficient (ARI) is 10.9%, 11% and 11.2% higher than that of K-means. The average clustering time is 75.4%, 52.3%, 85.1%, 91.1% faster than K-means, K-means++, literature [2], and literature [3].
Research and Implementation of Robot Path Planning Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Ji Yalong , Liu Baichuan
Published: January 2022

Intelligent mobile objects (mobile robots) are gradually integrated into People’s Daily life, and path planning is the core of this kind of robots. In this article, ant colony algorithm is adopted to plan a global path through all points in the global space based on pheromone changes, so as to solve the practical problem that a robot needs to walk n points at a time and cannot repeat, and its distance is the shortest. Finally, the shortest path is solved based on MATLAB simulation platform.
Directed Association-based User Identification Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Qiuyan , Gong Daofu , Liu Fenlin
Published: January 2022

This paper studies the social network with directed association semantics, and proposes an unsupervised user identification algorithm (DAUM-P). The algorithm construct a user associations graph based on multiple types of directed user behaviors, and define directed associations; then, walk based on directed associations to obtain a walking sequence, and then combine the network embedding model to learn user characteristics vector representation; finally, the identification result is given based on the representation vector distance. Finally, the experiments show that the user identification effect is better than that of the baseline method.
Simulation of hydropower at subcontinental to global scales: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Turner Sean W D , Voisin Nathalie
Published: January 2022

Hydroelectric power is playing a new and often expanded role in the world’s major power grids, offering low carbon generating capacity in industrializing, dam-building economies while providing reserve and flexibility to co-manage fledgling wind and solar resources in high income countries. Driven by river flows, conventional hydropower is exposed to the vagaries of weather and climate, motivating drought and climate change hydropower impact studies at large spatial scales. Here we review methods of climate-driven hydropower simulation at large spatial scales, specifically multi-basin regions to global. We identify four types of approach based on complexity of tools and richness of data applied to the problem. Since the earliest attempts to model climate-driven hydropower at continental scale almost two decades ago, the field has transitioned from one of scientific curiosity to practical application, with studies increasingly motivated by the need to inform power grid expansion planning and operation. As the hydrological and water management models used in large-scale hydropower studies become more sophisticated, new opportunities will emerge to study the impacts of changing hydropower on power system reliability and performance at large power grid scale. To grasp these opportunities, the water resources community must continue to enhance data and models for representing river flows and anthropogenic water use and management at subcontinental to global scales.
The core zone decisive of marine conservation area in Southeast Sulawesi using marxan
Authors: Wijayanto C , Yulianda F , Imran Z
Published: January 2022

The Southeast Sulawesi Marine Conservation Area is one of the marines protected areas, namely Aquatic Tourism Park type, appointed by The Governor’s decree of Southeast Sulawesi Number 98 the Year 2016. This area is located in The Konawe Regency, Kendari City and The South Konawe Regency with 21,785.14 ha. This area was still in initiation, so it has not marine spatial planning. This study aims to formulate and determine the core zone. Marxan was used to assign the core zone and solve the marine spatial planning and utilization conflict. Three scenarios were used to analyze the critical habitat of level protection at 30%, 50%, and combinations. These results described that scenario A has 751 ha, scenario B has 1008 ha, and combinations scenario have 1498 ha. The core zone area is under 1 % of the total area conservation. So, all scenarios do not qualify the criteria required by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Besides, all scenarios have qualified the thirty percents of critical habitat protection. Managers and stakeholders could use these findings to decide the core zone, spatial planning, and sustainable developments.
Length frequency distribution and length-weight relationships of Euthynnus sp. in North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Pramesthy T D , Kelana P P , Siregar A A E
Published: January 2022

North Sumatra is one of the provinces that has a large fishery potential. The total catch of in North Sumatra reached 380,349 tons in 2016. This research to determine the growth pattern of Euthynnus sp. that caught in the waters of Nias Island, North Sumatra. Sampling was carried out in July 2020. The study was conducted by following fishing operations on purse seine vessels start from Sibolga City. Sample of 59 fish were taken randomly during the operation of the fishing gear in one trip. Length of fish was measured using a ruler (nearest: 1 mm) and weight of fish was measured using a digital scale (nearest: 1 g). The result of this research was the total length of the fish about 350–530 mm. There were 7 classes Length Distribution of fish that caught in July 2020. The highest frequency of total length was 401-427 mm. The growth pattern of Euthynnus sp. was positive allometric growth (b > 3). The Formula for Length-Weight Relationships is W = 0.06L3.2611 (r = 0.97). The length-weight relationship can describe the condition of fish population growth and the symptoms of fishing in nature. This is necessary to support the management of fishery resources.
Diversity of reef fish on Lembeh Island as an indicator of the coral reef health condition
Authors: Dwita N P M , Idris  , Widjoyo N S
Published: January 2022

Lembeh Strait in North Sulawesi is one of the areas included in the world’s coral triangle. Coral reef structures provide a habitat for reef fish. Herbivorous and invertivorous fish were essential to determine the direction of coral reef succession. This study aims to examine the health of coral reefs based on the presence of reef fish. Observations were conducted on January 16-19, 2019, with a total of 22 observation points. Observation of reef fish communities using the underwater visual census (UVCs) and belt transect method. At the observation site, it was found that there were 260 species of reef fish. The resilience of coral reefs based on the presence of reef fish has a high value on the parameters of the abundance of herbivorous fish, taxonomic diversity, and abundance of coral reef fish.
Diversity and fluctuation of cultivable Vibrio bacteria populations in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system of Holothuria scabra, Chanos chanos and Gracillaria sp
Authors: Anggorowati D A , Munandar H
Published: January 2022

Sea cucumber is one of the vital aquaculture commodities in the global market. Progressive demand and limiting the supply of sea cucumber from natural sources drove sea cucumber aquaculture development. An integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system (IMTA) was a polyculture system in aquaculture to improve production by promoting nutrient utilisation through different tropical levels. This system combined sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra), milkfish (Chanos chanos), and seaweed (Gracillaria sp.) in a rearing tank system. Several factors affect the success of IMTA processes, including microorganisms. Microorganisms in the aquaculture environment play a crucial role in elements cycling, energy flow and farmed-species health. Diseases caused by the bacteria, mainly from the Vibrionaceae family, were often chronic than acute and may cause a high mortality percentage. This study aimed to investigate the Vibrio bacterial diversity and fluctuation in the water of IMTA rearing tanks. The result indicated that the Vibrio bacterial diversity from the polyculture system (IMTA) was generally higher than the monoculture system. Vibrio bacteria populations from different culture systems have been found to consist of varied bacterial species. However, the predominant species was the same. The polyculture system is suggested as a sustainable and eco-friendly culture system.
Applying risk assessment approach to evaluate small island status in Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Ambo S W , Yonvitner  , Samosir A M
Published: January 2022

Kepulauan Seribu with all potential need to be realized in an integrated management of coastal and ocean areas for sustainable development. The process of developing small islands in an integrated manner in the three islands needs to consider the risks that will occur. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of risk in small islands and estimate the appropriate management of small islands for the Thousand Islands area. The method used in this study is a survey and observation method with an analysis of the IPCC (2014) model. The type of hazard that has the most potential to cause a disaster is a hurricane. The level of vulnerability in Harapan Island, Kelapa Island, and Kelapa Dua Island is relatively low, because there is only one hazard that has the potential to be a disaster, namely a tornado with a large enough magnitude and loss. The level of capacity owned by the three islands is quite good, so that the risk value in Harapan Island is 0.69, Kelapa Island is 0.68, and Kelapa Dua Island is 0.62 which is included in the low category.
Eight natural treasures of Aceh Jaya, Province of Aceh
Authors: Christian Y , Afandy A , Desmiwati
Published: January 2022

The coastal regency of Aceh Jaya has great potential resources in marine and fisheries, agriculture-plantation-animal farming, forestry, minerals-mining, tourism, processing industry, and renewable energy. However, significant challenges arise regarding selecting these potentials with the principle of sustainability: encouraging economic development, being accountable and socially accepted, and having an ecological perspective as a short to medium plan to accelerate economic growth. This study has identified the leading sectors with the most potential resources for the basis of development priority of Aceh Jaya nearly two decades after the 2004’s tsunami. The research was conducted in nine districts in Aceh Jaya Regency. Data is processed through Market Analysis, Gap Analysis, Stakeholder and Institutional Analysis, and Sectoral Analysis. These analyses identified eight sectors with each superior product for the development acceleration of Aceh Jaya. Those sectors and the products are agriculture (rice), capture fisheries (tuna, skipjack, mackerel tuna, and crustacean), aquaculture (giant-tiger prawn, tilapia, and lobster), animal farming (cattle, buffalo, goat, duck), forestry (agarwood, dragonblood, and rattan), tourism (Geureutee, Reusam Island), mineral (coal), industry (prawn cracker, shredded catfish, soybean, patchouli oil, and biogas).
Assessment of marine debris in seagrass beds of Pramuka Island, Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Rasyid N , Munir  , Andryan D , Bengen D G , Subhan B
Published: January 2022

Indonesia is referred as the second largest contributor of marine debris in the world after China, with an estimated 0.48-1.29 million metric tons per year. High anthropogenic activities from locals and tourists can produce large marine debris and impact the seagrass ecosystem. This research aimed to identify marine debris in the habitat of seagrass beds on Pramuka Island. Extensive surveys include observing seagrass community structures, the measurement of chemical and physical parameters of the water, and marine debris inventory at three stations in Pramuka Island. Observation results found six seagrass species, with coverage ranged from 1.67-47.32% while the density 28-112.76 stand/m2. Marine debris can be classified into six types: plastic, metal, rubber, glass, organic matter, and others. The weight of marine debris for each type ranges from 0.03–2.38 kg. In addition, microplastic found consisted of fiber, film, and fragment with a unit weight of 20–440 particles/kg. In conclusion, the seagrass conditions of each station are classified as damaged. The marine debris that has the most impact on the seagrass beds is plastic. Fiber type microplastic has the most abundance. this can interfere with respiration and the photosynthesis process of seagrass.
Nutrition of wet noodles with mangrove fruit flour during the shelf life by adding catechins as a source of antioxidants
Authors: Sumartini  , Ratrinia P W
Published: January 2022

Wet noodles are foods that are very popular with the public, but basically, noodles do not contain many important nutrients. Catechins are a class of antioxidant compounds that can be extracted from various plant sources. This goal from this research is making of noodles from mangrove fruit flour with the addition of catechins is carried out to increase the nutritional and nutritional value and improve the quality of wet noodles during the shelf life. The research method used an experimental design with a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three factors (K = Control, S = T. Mangrove fruit S. caseolaris). A (T. Mangrove fruit A.marina) and 3 test levels, namely storage time (0.3 and 5 days). The results were processed using SPSS version 22 software with one-way ANOVA. The results showed the value of water content in the range of 46.33-56.82%, protein content 3.88-6.83%, fat content 1.76-2.82%, ash content 0.04-0.18%, levels of carbohydrates 39.08-48.79%, fiber content 3.09-8.81%, antioxidant activity 5.11-47.74%. The results showed that seaweed fruit flour wet noodles with catechins as a source of antioxidants were able to improve the quality and nutrition of wet noodles during the shelf life. The results showed that the manufacture of wet noodles from mangrove fruit flour with the addition of 7% catechins as a source of antioxidants was able to significantly improve the nutritional quality and nutrition of wet noodles during the shelf life compared to control (K) wet noodles with wheat flour as raw material without 7% catechins as a source of antioxidants
Antibacterial activity of functional bioactive peptides derived from fish protein hydrolysate
Authors: Baco N , Oslan S N H , Shapawi R , Mohhtar R A M , Noordin W N M , Huda N
Published: January 2022

By-product removal in fish processing is estimated to be between 25 and 70% due to improper fish production handling and significant problems in the fish industry today. Therefore, one of the ways to manage the raw material of by-product is through protein hydrolysis. However, one of the most effective methods for managing this raw material, which includes skin, bones, heads, and viscera, is to convert their protein into peptides via hydrolysis methods, resulting in fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). FPH has been shown to have bioactive properties such as antibacterial, antihypertensive, antioxidative, anticancer, and anticoagulant properties. Bioactivity could be fully utilised in the future in both the nutraceutical and food industries. Numerous studies have been published on the acceptability of FPH in obtaining bioactive properties from various fish, particularly antibacterial activity. For example, the antibacterial peptide was identified as FPIGMGHGSRPA, consisting of 12 amino acids. Its antibacterial activity was tested against B. subtilis using 800 g/mL ampicillin. The inhibition zone increased with peptide concentration. This review discusses functional bioactive peptides derived from fish protein hydrolysate that can be used as antibacterial agents by inhibit Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial growth. It also covers fish species, parts, and hydrolysis methods to maximise yields.
The impact of Motor Tanker (MT) Alex grounding on a patch reef ‘Gosong Panjang’ in the Manggar waters, Bangka-Belitung Province
Authors: Idris  , Fakhrurrozi  , Daud J R P , Sianipar O
Published: January 2022

The ship’s ran aground on coral reefs often result in severe physical and biological damage. It is including the removal and crushing of corals reefs (dislodging), the destruction of coral skeletons (pulverization), the erosion and removal of sedimentary calcium carbonate. It is almost cause the loss of three-dimensional complexity. Moreover, this event occurred in the patch reef was far away from the nearest land, located in the waters of Manggar-Bangka-Belitung Province with a distance of ± 65 nautical miles from the city of Manggar. The ship ground has caused damage to the marine environment especially the patch reef ‘Gosong Panjang’ at the location. The Fishbone method with the transect gauge is used to measure the extent of the affected area in each zone and underwater photo transect to measure the level of coral reef damage. Total extent of the affected area of each zone taking into account the survival of corals i.e., 10.177 square meter. Hard coral cover condition in the affected area of 7.7% goes to serious damage or poor. Hard coral species was affected in location where 43 species and 21 species are listed as red IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) with vulnerable status and near threatened.
Assessment of the skin photoprotective capacities from coastal plant of Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil as a potential UV filters
Authors: Rozaini M Z H , Osman M U , Razali M H , Aziz M F A , Azhar M S
Published: January 2022

UV irradiation can cause cutaneous damage that may be specific according to the wavelength of UV rays. For example, damage from UVB irradiation manifests itself in the form of sunburn cells and enhancement of the expression of p53, while damage from UVA exposure results in an increase in the expression of vimentin. These reactions to UV irradiation were used in this work to evaluate the photoprotective capacities of two sunblock preparations that were applied to the surface of the skin. One sunblock preparation is a UVB absorber containing the coastal plant of Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil and titanium oxide (TiO2) exclusively. The other sunblock preparation is a conventional sunblock containing oxybenzone as comparison. Result obtained for UV-Vis test was observed that the new formulation derived showed good absorption and exhibit high potential to be further develop as sunscreen in cosmeceutical applications
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities of sulfate polysaccharide isolate from brown alga Sargassum policystum
Authors: Manggau M , Kasim S , Fitri N , Aulia N S , Agustiani A N , Raihan M , Nurdin W B
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the effect of sulphate polysaccharide isolate obtained from brown algae Sargassum polycistum on their biological activities. The antioxidant activity using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method showed an IC50 value of 91.306 ppm compared to vitamin C as a positive control, with an IC50 value of 4,1667 ppm sulphate polysaccharide isolate showing intense antioxidant activity. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of sulphate polysaccharide isolate from the brown algae has been done using CFA (Completed Freund’s Adjuvant). This study used 25 mice divided into five groups, namely the positive control group, negative control, the sulphate polysaccharide isolate compounds (doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg). The results showed that the sulphate polysaccharide isolate had an anti-inflammatory effect that was not signed with positive controls but it was significantly different from negative controls. In anticoagulant activity, 25 mice were divided into five treatment groups: negative control, positive control, sulphate polysaccharide isolate sample with the dosage of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. The results showed that the sulphate polysaccharide isolate dosage of 100 mg/kg has anticoagulant activity. It can be concluded that sulphate polysaccharide isolates isolate has the potency to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease.
Seagrass, dugong, and people: Lessons learned from community-based conservation in Tolitoli Regency, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
Authors: Amany C , Kamal M M , Kurniawan F , Sabila V
Published: January 2022

Dugong (Dugong dugon) is a protected mammal in Indonesia. Hunting for dugongs is still very high, so that the status of this animal is threatened, one of which is in Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi. Hence, conservation efforts need to be carried out, both species and habitat area. Based on observation and interviews, dugong conservation in Tolitoli Regency was community-based habitat management. Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas or Monitoring Community Group (Pokmaswas) was a form of community-based management in charge of maintaining, protecting, and preserving the existence of dugong and seagrass protection. From a community perspective, significant indicators in the management of dugong habitats were community awareness, seagrass percentage, and management quality. There was 11 kind of seagrass species have been identified in Tolitoli Regency. Seagrass conditions in all three villages were characterized by less than 60% of seagrass cover, especially seagrass that was close to the shoreline. The appearance of dugongs is based not only on good seagrass conditions but also on sea conditions and ship traffic.
Microplastics in fishes as seabird preys in Jakarta Bay Area
Authors: Susanti N K Y , Mardiastuti A , Hariyadi S
Published: January 2022

There has been some growing research on plastics in fishes as human food in Indonesia, but none linked to fishes as seabirds’ prey. The objective of this research was to reveal whether there were microplastics in fishes as prey of little-black cormorant. The study site was the coastal area of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary in Jakarta Bay, where the cormorants search for fish food. Fish samples (12-16.8 cm, 5 species; n=8) were collected by using fish-rod, at the usual fishing area of cormorants along the southern coast of the reserve. Gastrointestinal tracts of the samples were observed to find macro, meso and microplastic. After NaCl dilution, followed by observation using SRCC and microscope (10×10 magnification), followed by grouping based on type, color, and size. No macro or mesoplastic found. Total of 110 microplastics particles were found from all samples (range 7-26 particles/fish), with Lutjanus vitta having the highest number (15-26 particles/fish). Film (2-21 particles/fish) and fiber (1-10 particles/fish) were found, but no fragment. Transparent microplastics were found the most (57.3%), followed by blue (26.4%), black (10.0%), and red (6.4%). The size of the microplastic found were mostly (64.5%) between 100-1.000μm. A more intensive research is needed, as these sampled fishes might also consumed by human.
Detection of native peptides from Channa striata extract using de novo sequencing
Authors: Chasanah E , Martosuyono P , Budiari S , Kurnianto M A
Published: January 2022

Channa striata or Snakehead fish is well-known as medicinal fish in Asian countries, including Indonesia. It is rich in functional amino acid as well as high protein. Previous study showed the fish extract was active as an ACE inhibitor in vitro, in which 5-10 kDa fraction of 50% ethanol extract has the potential ACE inhibitory activity (4,76% inhibition of ACE g-1 protein). This study aims to identify the native peptide in the Channa striata extract using LS-MS/MS. The 5-10 kDa extract fraction was further purified using Sephadex G-50, the significant peak fraction was treated with trypsin and untreated before being analysed using LC-MS/MS. The result showed that the untreated fraction had better result than trypsin treated one, indicating the significant peak fraction contains native peptide. We identified the presence of a 25.8 kDa β-actin fragment using the Channa striata database and two peptides GQVITIGNER and VITIGNER that meet the requirement software Proteome Discoverer 2.1. De Novo sequencing resulted 319 peptides with ALC >70%. Bioinformatics study revealed that the native peptide resulting from de novo sequencing was rich in inhibitor ACE peptides. These concluded that Channa striata contain a native peptide that is potentially an ACE inhibitor or anti-hypertension.
Proximate and nutrition analysis of chocolate bar with addition of mangrove leaves powder during the shelf life
Authors: Sumartini  , Ratrinia P W , Sitorus K H
Published: January 2022

Exploration of the potential of mangrove leaves as an additive in food products has been widely carried out. Mangrove leaves contain primary and secondary metabolites that can be used to increase the nutritional value of food products, one of which is chocolate. The purpose of this part is must be done to increase the economic value of local chocolate during storage. This research aims to determine the nutritional characteristic of diversification chocolate by adding mangrove leaves powderAvicennia officinalis(AO),A. marina(AM), andRhizophora apiculata(RA) extract as a natural agent that can increase the shelf-life of the product. Chocolate is made with four different varieties of mangrove leaves powder addition (AM, AO, RA, and CO) and storage for 14 days at ambient temperature. This research method is an experimental laboratory with a randomized block design. Based on the results of this study, the addition ofAvicennia marinamangrove leaf powder was able to inhibit the decrease in the ash content of chocolate bars during 14 days of storage. In addition, the addition ofA. officinalisleaf powder can suppress the decrease in water content and protein content. While the decrease in carbohydrate levels during storage in chocolate bars can be inhibited by the application ofR. apiculatamangrove leaf powder.
Microplastic contamination extent on Strombus sp. in North Bintan Waters
Authors: Kafabihi  , Idris F , Putra R D , Nugraha A H , Apriadi T , Syakti A D
Published: January 2022

Microplastics, which are crumbled plastic waste measuring less than 5 mm, are known to have contaminated the conch snail species Strombus sp. and sediments in the waters of North Bintan. This study aims to provide a basic report on the number of stranded plastic crumbs (micro) and the contamination level in conch Snails (Strombus sp.) In North Bintan waters. The methods used in this research are survey and quantitative methods. Determination of the location point by purposive sampling. The procedure is divided into two stages: quadrant sampling in the field and analysis of microplastic particles in the laboratory with H2O2 liquid as an oxidizing agent and ZnCl2 solution as a microplastic determinant with a floating system. 16.4 ± 31.6 particles/individuals. Meanwhile, the level of contamination that occurs in Strombus sp. experienced in Pengudang Village by 88%, which means that on average each individual at the Pengudang station has the potential to be contaminated with 22 microplastic particles. The high level of contamination is a threat to the safety of seafood because there is the contamination of microplastic particle pollutants in one of the marine biota consumed by Strombus sp.
The impact of Manta Mae Phinisi ship grounding at Gili Lawa Darat Marine National Park of Komodo, West Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Johan O , Idris  , Fakhrurrozi  , Sianipar O
Published: January 2022

Coral reefs are distributed widely around Indonesia waters which has various functions as fisheries sources and tourism benefits. Coral reefs are very vulnerable to various threats, such as ship grounding in several areas in Indonesia. The measurement of damage width of coral reefs used the irregular polygon method. In contrast, the impact and the level of damage were measured using the underwater photo transect (UPT) method. The grounding of the ship has caused massive damage to coral reefs with a width area of 46.89 m2. Types of damage include physical and biological damages that make the coral split, break, and shift. The ship grounding caused the coral colonies to be uprooted and blown from the substrate, destroying coral skeletons, lifting, and sediment displacement. Coral condition at the control area was 35.13% (bad condition), whereas condition on the damaged area as the impact of ship grounding was 14% in trajectory zone. The total width to be claimed was 11.92 m2. The degradation of coral reefs can affect and reduce the functions and benefits of ecosystems both ecologically and economically. The shipowner has to do the rehabilitation and compensation of the damaged area.
Small island development based on the capture and mariculture feasibility at three islands in Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Putri M K , Yonvitner  , Imran Z
Published: January 2022

Kepulauan Seribu consists of small islands that have enormous fishery potential that can be a fisheries investment. The existence of investment in fisheries business by considering the carrying capacity is expected to ensure the results of capture fisheries or mariculture production from fishery businesses, which can affect the needs of the Kepulauan Seribu citizen. The purpose of this study is to analyse the carrying capacity of fishery business investment in Kepulauan Seribu with a business feasibility method approach so that it can be carried out sustainably. The research method was built by survey and observation with a feasibility study and multi-criteria analysis. The main potential of capture fisheries in Harapan Island, Kelapa Island, and Kelapa Dua Island are tuna, yellowtail fish, and squid, while mariculture product is grouper. Capture fishery or mariculture activity at the research location has met the investment criteria to be feasible. Capture fishery and mariculture activity in Kelapa and Harapan Islands have the better carrying capacity for investment based on ecological, economic, and social aspects. Therefore, the development of Kepulauan Seribu must be carried out based on the feasibility of development and investment by considering the community’s ecological, economic, and social aspects.
Nutritional composition and mineral analysis of the by-products from tropical marine fish, purple-spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus Richardson, 1846) and barracuda (Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829)
Authors: Jaziri A A , Hasanuddin H , Shapawi R , Mokhtar R A M , Noordin W N M , Huda N
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, macro- and micro-elements from purple-spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus) and barracuda (Sphyraena obtusata) by product which are extensively used for surimi. The proximate composition showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for all parameters. The moisture, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents of purple-spotted bigeye sample ranged from 56.22-79.26%, 12.46-31.14%, 0.24-1.29%, 1.27-22.86% and 0.42-0.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, barracuda recorded 55.76-79.86% moisture, 18.46-27.29% protein, fat 0.05-2.55% fat, 1.22-24.36% ash and 0.41-0.88% carbohydrate contents. For macro-elements analysis, both fish species contained high concentration of calcium, especially in fins, bone and skin. For other macro-elements, all samples recorded lower than 4.5 mg/g. Although the concentration of micro-element zinc and copper were dominant in all samples examined, their levels were still below the permissible limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) and the Malaysian Food Regulations (MFR). More importantly, chromium, cadmium and lead were far below the toxic levels regulated by the FAO/WHO and the MFR. Thus, the by-products used may be applied for potential food ingredients and for baseline information in the further experimentation.
Engaging multi-stakeholders’ strategy toward strengthened mangrove rehabilitation program in Tangerang Regency
Authors: Mahardika S M A H , Yulianda F , Sulistiono  , Adrianto L , Amin M A Al
Published: January 2022

The Tangerang’s coastal area faces (1) decreasing environmental quality, and (2) poverty. The government developed Gerbang Mapan Program, an integrated coastal management (ICM) program designed to accelerate the recovery of coastal ecosystems and community development. To encourage the acceleration of the program, the government invites various parties (multistakeholders) to be involved in the program. This study aims to explore the processes of involving multistakeholders in the success of the mangrove rehabilitation, which has now succeeded transforms from damage to be good and have even become centers of community socio-economic activities. The method is an explorative method with a coevolutive dynamic historical process approach from 2014 to 2020. The involvement of various parties i.e local government agencies/institutions in Tangerang Regency, the private sector, TNI/Polri, schools, universities, and coastal community groups in mangrove rehabilitation programs and awareness campaigns and public education have encouraged the acceleration of mangrove rehabilitation, where by 2020, rehabilitation has been carried out with planted 720,000 mangrove trees, with six species (Rhizophora sp, Avicennia sp, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnoriza, Ceriop tagal and Sonneratia alba), where the survival rate reached 69.22%, with the most adaptive type Avicennia sp planted in Tangerang Regency with a survival rate of 90.71%.