bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Η συμβολή των Ηνωμένων Εθνών στην επανασύνδεση της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης με την προστασία του περιβάλλοντος
Authors: Δικαίος Γιώργος
Published: September 2018

Τα Ηνωμένα Έθνη στην προσπάθειά τους να καταπολεμήσουν τα βασικά προβλήματα που αντιμετωπίζει η διεθνής κοινότητα, δημιούργησαν τους Στόχους Βιώσιμης Ανάπτυξης. Οι Στόχοι αυτοί περιλαμβάνουν ένα ευρύτατο πεδίο δράσεων με στόχο την προώθηση τόσο της διακρατικής όσο και της συνεργασίας δημόσιου και ιδιωτικού τομέα για τη βελτίωση της ποιότητας ζωής όλων των ανθρώπων του κόσμου. Πέρα από την παρουσίαση των Στόχων και των τρόπων εφαρμογής τους, στο παρόν άρθρο γίνεται και συζήτηση για τη συμβολή των Ηνωμένων Εθνών στην προσπάθεια να διασυνδεθεί η ανάπτυξη με την προστασία του περιβάλλοντος (και δη με την αντιμετώπιση της κλιματικής αλλαγής), καθώς η τελευταία πλέον θεωρείται ως ένα από τα σημαντικότερα βήματα για τη βελτίωση της ανθρώπινης διαβίωσης στον πλανήτη.
Conspiracy theories before and after the Greek crisis: Discursive patterns and political use of the “enemy” theme
Authors: Skoulariki Athena
Published: September 2018

Conspiracy theories have been associated to a paranoid way of thinking; however they are not always marginal and utterly irrational. Conspiracist narratives reflect rival strategies of interpretation, and can have a real impact on the social and political praxis. More than factual accuracy, I suggest that what distinguishes a conspiracy theory is a type of discourse, its key features being: suspicion, intentionality, personification, speculation and denunciation.This paper examines conspiracy theories that dominated Greek public discourse before and after the economic crisis of the years 2010s, particularly those introduced by political actors as a means of political persuasion and mobilisation. Greek political culture and the discredit of the political system since 2010 led to frequent expressions of distrust towards political elites and foreign “powers”. My analysis focuses on the acceptability of conspiracy theories in relation with social representations, dominant stereotypes and widely shared interpretative schemata.The following cases of conspiracy theories are discussed: a) the wildfires that ravaged large parts of Greece in 2007, supposedly set by “foreign agents”; b) the alleged assassination plot in 2008-2009 against the PM Karamanlis by Western / US secret services; c) the conspiracy theories attributing the economic crisis to a deliberate foreign plot against Greece. The paper examines in particular the attribution of blame to presumed “enemies”, in line with nationalist discursive themes and stereotypes.
Optimizing the Geometry of Wildlife Corridors in Conservation Reserve Design
Authors: St John Rachel , Tóth Sándor F. , Zabinsky Zelda B.
Published: September 2018

Wildlife corridors are often used to connect critical habitat for species protection. Mixed integer programming models have been used in the past to create wildlife corridors, but they lack the capacity to control corridor geometry. We propose an approach that employs path planning techniques from artificial intelligence to account for and control corridor geometry, such as width and length. By combining path planning with network optimization, our approach allows the user to control and optimize the geometric characteristics of wildlife corridors. We illustrate our approach on two realistic landscapes and present numerical results on several computer-generated landscapes. The computational results indicate that this approach is efficient and can address problems controlling corridor geometry that were previously thought intractable. The approach has potential applications in such areas as the selection of routes or barrier construction problems, an example of which is firebreak design.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2018.1758 .
Os movimentos populares e o sindicalismo brasileiros face aos processos de integração regional na América do Sul | Popular movements and trade unions due to South American regional integration processes
Authors: De Assumpção Tatiana Berringer
Published: September 2018

Este artigo analisa a ação dos movimentos populares e do sindicalismo brasileiros face aos processos de integração regional durante os governos PT (2003-2016). Buscamos entender como atuaram o sindicalismo e os movimentos populares que participaram da Campanha contra a Área de livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA) nos dez anos seguintes ao arquivamento da proposta. Acreditamos que apesar de uma diferença estratégica não existe uma contradição no seio das classes populares uma vez que as iniciativas se complementam. Há formas e vias diferentes de construção dos processos de integração regional: de um lado, o sindicalismo aposta mais nos espaços institucionais do Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) e da União das Nações Sul-americanas (Unasul), e de outro lado, os movimentos populares jogam mais força na articulação dos Movimentos Sociais da Aliança Bolivariana para a Nossa América (ALBA).ABSTRACTThis article does an analysis of popular movements and trade unions actions due to the regional integration process on PT´s governments (2003-2016). We have tried to understand how the organizations that have been participating in the fighting against FTAA have done during the next ten years after that death of that project. We sustain that despite a difference there is no strategic contradiction inside Brazilian popular classes, it is because the initiatives are complementary. There are different ways on the regional integration process: on the one side, the trade unions have a focus on institutional spaces inside Southern Comum Market (Mercosur) and South America Union Nations (Unasur), and on the other side, the popular movements play an important role on the Social Movements Articulation of Bolivarian Alliance of Americas (ALBA).Palavras-chave: integração regional; ALCA; Mercosul; sindicalismo; movimentos populares.Keywords: regional integration; FTAA; Mercosur; trade unions; popular movements.Recebido em 08 de Abril de 2018 | Received on April 08, 2018Aceito em 11 de Setembro de 2018 | Accepted on September 11, 2018DOI
Innovations in Public Diplomacy | Inovações em Diplomacia Pública
Authors: Kumar Abhay
Published: September 2018

From the author´s professional experience, the article discusses alternative ways to think about cultural diplomacy, with a focus not only in the spread of the culture of the native country of the diplomat, but also of the nation where he is serving.RESUMOA partir da experiência profissional do autor, o artigo discute maneiras alternativas de pensar a diplomacia cultural, tendo como concentração não apenas a divulgação da cultura do país de origem do diplomata, mas também a do país onde está servindo.Keywords: diplomacy, culture and artPalavras-chave: diplomacia, cultura, arteRecebido em 13 de Agosto de 2018 | Received on August 13, 2018DOI
Skeletal muscle regeneration by extracellular matrix biological scaffold: a case report
Authors: Zhao Jane Y. , Bass Kathryn D.
Published: September 2018

A case report of a 17-year-old female with a complex, non-healing, two-month-old wound, wherein exposed fibula was evident. On assessment, the wound measured 35cm in length, 3cm in width, and was 1cm deep, along the lateral aspect of the left lower leg. A rim of granulation tissue was visible along the wound edge. The exposed bone measured 20cm in length, and was 3cm wide.

Porcine-derived, extracellular matrix (ECM) biological scaffold was placed on the wound bed to facilitate regeneration of the patient's skeletal muscle. The patient healed without incident postoperatively and was able to regain her ambulatory ability.

This technique has, in the authors' experience, proved successful and without complication in complex non-healing wound cases, particularly in patients who have lost a large volume of skeletal muscle.

The authors believe that patients and surgeons would benefit from early consideration of ECM biological scaffolds in similar types of large, open, and complex wounds.
Itchy rashes in adults
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: September 2018

Rashes are common and often share similarities in presentation and symptoms. This article provides an overview of some of the more common rashes and hopes to give nurses more confidence for diagnosis and treatment when they present in clinic
The enigma of atypical femoral fractures
Authors: Larsen Morten Schultz , Schmal Hagen
Published: September 2018

Atypical femoral fractures (AFF) are stress or ‘insufficiency’ fractures, often complicated by the use of bisphosphonates or other bone turnover inhibitors. While these drugs are beneficial for the intact osteoporotic bone, they probably prevent a stress fracture from healing which thus progresses to a complete fracture. Key features of atypical femoral fractures, essential for the diagnosis, are: location in the subtrochanteric region and diaphysis; lack of trauma history and comminution; and a transverse or short oblique configuration. The relative risk of patients developing an atypical femoral fracture when taking bisphosphonates is high; however, the absolute risk of these fractures in patients on bisphosphonates is low, ranging from 3.2 to 50 cases per 100,000 person-years. Treatment strategy in patients with AFF involves: radiograph of the contralateral side (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging should also be considered); dietary calcium and vitamin D supplementation should be prescribed following assessment; bisphosphonates or other potent antiresorptive agents should be discontinued; prophylactic surgical treatment of incomplete AFF with cephalomedullary nail, unless pain free; cephalomedullary nailing for surgical fixation of complete fractures; avoidance of gaps in the lateral and anterior cortex; avoidance of varus malreduction.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:494-500. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170070.
Tempo, Trânsito, Subjetividade em En Construcción (José Luis Guerín, 2000) e El Cielo Gira (Mercedes Álvarez, 2004)
Authors: Teixeira Rafael Tassi
Published: September 2018

Pensados sobre os processos de transformação dos significados do pertencimento e da descoberta de uma estrangeiridade absoluta, o cinema-documentário dos anos 2000 na Espanha vertebra-se a partir de uma dupla emergência: a paisagem cênica é imediatamente conduzida a ser real, enquanto que a realidade é inscrita em uma personificação (desafiante) das formas fílmicas. O artigo discute as metáforas da desterritorialização na escavação do tempo, do silêncio, do vazio e seus restos em dois filmes fundamentais do cinema documentário espanhol dos 2000: En Construcción (José Luis Guerín, 2000) e El Cielo Gira (Mercedes Álvarez, 2004).
The Cinematic Quest for the Sculptural
Authors: Chinita Fátima
Published: September 2018

Book Review of "Screening Statues: Sculpture and Cinema", by Steven Jacobs, Susan Felleman, Vito Adriaensens, Lisa Colpaert (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017).
Viagem pelo filme turístico
Authors: Penafria Manuela
Published: September 2018

Recensão crítica do livro Viagens, olhares e imagens: Portugal 1910-1980, de Sofia Sampaio (Coord.), 2016.
"Offer it all up, our madness that will be crushed on this land that has come to be called chaos unzipped"
Authors: Maglioni Silvia , Thomson Graeme
Published: September 2018

A conversation between filmmakers Silvia Maglioni & Graeme Thomson around Ogawa Pro, on the occasion of the Shinsuke Ogawa & Ogawa Pro retrospective at Cinéma du Réel and Jeu de Paume (Paris, March-April 2018).
As passagens de Tata Amaral: Entrevista com Tata Amaral
Authors: Nagib Lúcia , Paiva Samuel
Published: September 2018

Tata Amaral é uma das mais importantes cineastas do cinema da retomada, período de florescimento do cinema brasileiro, que arranca em meados da década de 90. No contexto de um filme, Passagens - que se foca num conjunto de obras que abordam dispositivos intermediais como passagens para a realidade história, social e política do país -, os seus realizadores, Lúcia Nagib e Samuel Pimenta, entrevistaram a realizadora focando-se em 3 das seus obras. Mais concretamente, a utilização da fotografia em Um céu de estrelas (1997), o papel da música em Antônia (2006), e a importância estratégica do teatro em Trago comigo (2016).
Czesko-łużyckie kontakty językowe od X/XI do XXI wieku
Authors: Lewaszkiewicz Tadeusz
Published: September 2018

Wpływy języka czeskiego dotyczą średniowiecznej i późniejszej łużyckiej terminologii chrześcijańskiej oraz piśmiennictwa religijno-biblijnego do XIX w. Od lat czterdziestych XIX w. język czeski oddziaływał intensywnie na system leksykalny i odmiany stylistyczne górnołużyckiego języka literackiego. Słownik Pfula (1866) i piśmiennictwo górnołużyckie XIX w. (głównie prasa) dokumentują ponad tysiąc jednostek leksykalnych czeskiego pochodzenia, z których tylko część zadomowiła się w górnołużyckim na stałe lub na pewien czas. Bohemizmów jest znacznie mniej w języku dolnołużyckim, do którego w większości przeniknęły one z górnołużyckiego.
Aktualizacja, fragmentaryzacja, trwanie – próba opisu perspektyw czasowych współczesnego dokumentu
Authors: Boratyn Katarzyna
Published: September 2018

The article describes certain changes that have taken place over the last several years in the temporal perspective found in documentary films. Humanity’s current technological and media environment are influencing the documentary’s content and means of expression. They express a “universal present”, as Mirosław Przylipiak has pointed out, under the influence of television, and the former dominance of statements addressed to the camera gave way to looks into the past. At present, the documentary is once again shifting its orientation toward a strictly defined and changing form of the present. Time in the temporally non-linear works commonly found among contemporary documentaries has become fragmented and individualized. There is also a tendency in non-fiction works to strive for immersion – focusing on the experience of time rather than the telling of a story.
Semiotyczne aspekty virtual reality
Authors: Hendrykowski Marek
Published: September 2018

The dynamic development of virtual reality technics opened new possibilities of creating visual, audial and audiovisual moving pictures. VR is coming and invaiding XXIst century cinema. There is a grand challenge for filmmakers imagination: show delivering vision of reality or so-called reality made without using real physical objects. Are we really prepared for this technological revolution? Hendrykowski’s paper poses certain crucial questions connected with that change in making movies. Among them: ambigous nature of digital sign, possible regions of spectator’s new experiences, symbolic function of digital images and deep transformation of category od aesthetics in expanding world of multimedia.
A checklist of the benthic marine algae of the Northern Arabian Sea coast of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Wynne Michael J.
Published: September 2018

An updated checklist of the benthic marine algae (seaweeds) of the Northern Arabian Sea coast of the Sultanate of Oman is presented, with a total of 402 taxa, consisting of 75 taxa of brown algae (Phaeophyceae), 238 taxa of red algae (Rhodophyta), and 89 taxa of green algae (Chlorophyta). Obsolete names and taxonomic synonyms as well as information on mis-identified names are provided. The classification in many instances reflects new ideas derived from the results of molecular-based phylogenetics. A total of 18 taxa of benthic marine algae are newly reported for Oman.
More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Royer Charlotte J. , Blouin Nicolas A. , Brawley Susan H.
Published: September 2018

Completion of the Porphyra umbilicalis genome and ongoing research on this species by many investigators suggest the need for wider appreciation of regional specialisation of the P. umbilicalis blade. Here we use light and electron microscopy to describe four distinct regions of the blade: rhizoid cells with abundant floridean starch, vegetative cells, differentiating neutral sporangia, and mature neutral spores. The holdfast, densely covered by microorganisms, presents an intriguing biomechanical structure: thousands of very thin, long rhizoid tips course through the thick, secreted polysaccharide to the substratum. Wild blades in culture have more microorganisms than when collected, including filamentous cyanobacteria.
Poly(N-octyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide) copolymers in aqueous solutions: potentiometric and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Tennouga Lahcene , Bensalah Wassila , Mansri Ali
Published: September 2018

In this work, the P4VP was synthesized by radical polymerization. The quaternization of this polymer by octyl bromide leads to the two copolymers [poly(N-octyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide] named P4VPC8Br 48.8% and P4VPC8Br 72%. The thermodynamic behavior associated with the potentiometric titration of the copolymers, was reported in the temperature range (293.16–333.16 K) and as a function of the concentrations (0.25×10−4 mmol/dm3 12.3×10−4 mmol/dm3). The free energy of dissociation ΔGdiss variation versus the neutralization degree shows the negative value due to the steric and electrostatic effect of the alkyl chains. The positive values of ΔH and ΔS confirmed the spontaneity and disorder of the reaction. The critical concentration C* of the two copolymers was determined from the enthalpy ΔH0 and entropy ΔS0 changes. The transition in conformation of the copolymer chains was influenced by the presence of hydrophobic-hydrophilic and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions.
Deposition of xylan isolated from Pennisetum purpureum on fibres of Eucalyptus globulus and characterisation of the composition of the surface xylans by immunolabelling and enzymatic peeling
Authors: Tamminen Tarja , Mikkelson Atte , Siika-aho Matti , Kruus Kristiina , Pere Jaakko , Borges Gomes Fernando José , Colodette Jorge Luiz
Published: September 2018

Adsorption of xylan on pulp is a potential method to improve its properties, especially refinability for high quality printing and writing (P&W) paper grades. In this study, elephant grass [Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach.)] xylan was used for this purpose. The xylan was extracted using cold caustic extraction (CCE) from P. purpureum brown pulp, produced by the Soda-AQ process (kappa 20). Xylan resorption was accomplished during the oxygen delignification phase of eucalypt [Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.)] pulp to avoid problems induced by the colour of the lignin-contaminated deposited xylan. Immunolabelling and enzymatic peeling methodologies were compared for the analysis of the spatial distribution of xylan in the fibre wall. The labelling appeared unevenly as faint and brighter patches on fibre surfaces. Increased labelling of xylan was detected on the samples with precipitated P. purpureum xylan. The enzymatic peeling method using a total hydrolysis enzyme mixture yielded a composition gradient as a function of time, showing clear xylose (Xyl) enrichment in the very beginning of the reaction, reflecting hydrolysis of fibre surfaces. Pure xylanase and endoglucanase hydrolyses yielded different product patterns and kinetics compared to total hydrolysis, but interpretation of those results in terms of xylan localisation was not straightforward.
Brønsted base mediated one-pot synthesis of catechol-ended amphiphilic polysarcosine-b-poly(N-butyl glycine) diblock copolypeptoids
Authors: Gebru Hailemariam , Wang Xin , Li Zhenjiang , Liu Jingjing , Xu Jiaxi , Wang Haixin , Xu Songquan , Wei Fulan , Zhu Hui , Guo Kai
Published: September 2018

Catechol moiety offers a versatile platform in the preparation of functionalized polymers, but it is not usually compatible with catalysis in polymerizations. To address these challenges, we suggest employment of one Brønsted base in masking the activity of catechol moiety and to modulate the polymerization. Based on this strategy, the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of sarcosine N-carboxyanhydrides (Sar-NCA) was carried out using dopamine hydrochloride as an initiator and triethylamine as a Brønsted base. PSar with predicted molecular weights (M
n,NMR=3.7 kg mol−1) and narrow dispersities (Đ<1.13) was prepared. Catechol initiator was successfully linked to PSar end as confirmed by MALDI-ToF MS. Subsequently, copolymerization of N-butyl glycine N-carboxyanhydrides (Bu-Gly-NCA) from the PSar in one-pot produced catechol end-functionalized amphiphilic polysarcosine-block-poly(N-butyl glycine) diblock copolypeptoids (cat-PSar-b-PGlyBu). Further, cat-PSar-b-PGlyBu enabled the aqueous dispersion of manganese oxide nanoparticles which was attributable to the anchor of the diblock copolymers onto the surface of the nanoparticles. The strategy for catechol masking and polymerization mediating by one Brønsted base offered a new avenue into the synthesis of catechol-ended block copolymers.
The Ideological Malleability of Corruption. A Comparative Analysis of Official Corruption Discourses in Albania and Colombia, 2010-2017
Authors: Kajsiu Blendi
Published: September 2018

Corruption literature has paid little attention to the way corruption discourses reflect specific ideological agendas. This paper aims to address such shortcoming by comparing official corruption discourses in Albania and Colombia during the last seven years. The paper shows that despite similar levels of corruption, the leaders of the two countries articulate corruption in slightly different ways. While the prime minster of Albania Edi Rama articulates corruption narrowly as bribery, a phenomenon that pertains almost exclusively to the public sector, president Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia articulates it more broadly as a phenomenon that has moral, ethical and cultural dimensions, which can also originate in the private sector although more pervasive in the public one. Based on the findings of this paper, these divergent articulations reflect ideological variations between the two leaders more than different corruption ‘realities’ on the ground.
Turkeys Do Not Vote for Christmas. The Brazilian Anti-Vote-Buying Law
Authors: Carmo Andreia reis do
Published: September 2018

The research to date shows conflicting results about the effect of perceived corruption on political participation by the public. Corruption perception can mobilize, demobilize, or show no impact on political participation. The Brazilian Anti-Vote-Buying Law of 1999, one of the fastest laws ever to be approved in the country, is an example of how perceived corruption can increase public engagement. Using process tracing, the author tells this story identifying two sets of factors ranked according to their causal power (distal and proximal conditions) and further test the theory. The Brazilian population, who perceived corruption as high, learned about the antidemocratic aspects of vote buying and how to curb it. This ‘informed’ perception of corruption led people to politically participate by signing the popular initiative.
The Authorship of the Refutatio omnium haeresium
Authors: Cosentino Augusto
Published: September 2018

The Refutation of all heresies is a work that the manuscripts attributed to Origen. In the nineteenth century the attribution to Hippolytus was imposed, which was later called into question by several scholars since the mid-twentieth century. As yet there is no alternative attribution. This article attempts to focus on the status quaestionis, advancing some working hypotheses.
Morpho-syntactic variations in English and Spanish clipped words: a contrastive study
Authors: Rodríguez González Félix , Sánchez Fajardo José A.
Published: September 2018

Clipping and linguistic variation are inexorably interconnected. Shortened or elliptical words reflect a great deal of variability of the language, especially in the morphological and phonological levels. The object of this study is precisely to explore the phono-graphemic and grammatical variations occurred in the visible changes undergone by clipped words in Spanish and English. A contrastive analysis of this type reveals both expectedly different correspondences in terms of gender and number, and surprisingly parallel lexico-syntactic features. This suggests that clipped or elliptical units are not only necessarily dependent on intrinsic morpho-grammatical and phonological traits, but they are also characterized by regularities and universal patterns that might show disruptive or “corrupted” constructs. This analysis confirms the peculiarities of clipping and linguistic variations in both languages, in an attempt to comprehend the interconnection between functional motivations, and morphological and phonological changes.
«Por voloir castoier li coarz et li van»: lettura dell’Entrée d’Espagne
Authors: Galbiati Roberto
Published: September 2018

The anonymous Padovano, author of the Entrée d’Espagne, writes to admonish and educate the knights and the rulers of his time: his explicit aim is to «castoier li coarz et li van». Therefore, it is not surprising that the story of the chanson is provided with a moral intent. The knights of the Entrée often disobey Charlemagne’s orders because of their pride and wrath. Also Roland, the best Christian knight, is affected by these vices, as the episode of the conquest of Nobles shows. His adventure in the Orient can be read as a penitential route, at the end of which he learns the high value of humility. Given the moral goal of the text, the author proposes to date the Entrée in the early decades of the fourteenth century (between 1312 and 1328), when the Paduan commune and the Trevisan March were upset by civil wars, determined by the violence and the vicious ambitions of the local nobility.
La nave di Folco
Authors: Gambino Francesca
Published: September 2018

Foucon de Candie is an epic poem dating to the last two decades of the twelfth century. In the first part, it tells the story of Foucon, one of Charlemagne’s nephews, acquiring the Saracen city of Candie. The still unpublished Franco-Italian version of this chanson de geste contains some laisses that are not in the rest of the French tradition. In this article I publish and comment on two of them which describe the galley of Foucon (La nef Folcho mult est bien atorné e Per gran maistrixie hont afermé un doion).
La Producción Científica en Ciencias de la Salud ¿Un asunto de cantidad o calidad?
Authors: Borré-Ortiz Yeis Miguel
Published: September 2018

El fenómeno de la globalización ha sido un proceso de grandes cambios y profundas transformaciones en todos los sectores a nivel mundial, dichas transformaciones han permeado el ámbito de la educación superior de forma vertiginosa, y su impacto ha sido evidente. Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), además de asumir el reto de formar recurso humano profesional, idóneo y competente para la sociedad. Considerando el panorama mundial, es inevitable saber que el área de las ciencias de la salud no es ajena a esta situación, debido a que cada vez más se vislumbra un cúmulo de publicaciones de diversa índole; desde algunas profesiones más que en otras, pero el fenómeno es evidente. Sin embargo, en los países en vías de desarrollo, se suele observar una paradoja que es importante resaltar, y es que mientras en las instituciones de educación superior existe un esmero por la producción de nuevo conocimiento, las instituciones de salud han sido lentas en su utilización y aprovechamiento para el mejoramiento de los procesos y resultados asistenciales.  La actual situación con relación al esmerado interés en la producción científica a grandes cantidades ha generado muchos sesgos en la calidad de las mismas.
A comparative study of blood glucose and serum calcium levels in term IUGR neonates and normal neonates: a cross sectional study
Authors: Konded Kavitha , Koppad Bhavana
Published: September 2018

Background: Hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia are common metabolic problems occurring in the newborn and have direct consequences in the early neonatal period, prompt identification and treatment prevents severe neurodevelopmental outcomes. The primary objective was to compare blood glucose and serum calcium levels in term Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) babies with term appropriate for age (AGA) babies and secondarily to compute number of term IUGR babies with hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia.Methods: Fifty term IUGR and 50 term AGA babies delivered at SDMCMSH, Dharwad during the study period of one year were included as cases and controls respectively after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two ml of peripheral venous blood was analyzed at 3 hours and 24 hours of life. Serum calcium was measured by calorimetric test method and blood glucose by auto analyzer. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-17.Results: At 3 hours of birth, 24% of term IUGR and 4% of AGA neonates had hypoglycemia. The mean RBS of cases at 3rd hour was 61.36±23.56 mg/dl, significantly lower than control group (75.90±22.57mg/dl). The mean RBS among cases at 24 hours of life was 70.42±16.14 mg/dl compared to 78.84±15.90 mg/dl among controls. Both correlations were statistically significant. 8% cases had hypocalcemia at 3 hours and 6% had at 24 hours. The mean serum calcium level was lower in cases (8.50±1.40 mg/dl) than controls (8.63±1.14 mg/dl) at the 3rd hour of life and 24 hours of life [cases (8.42±1.07 mg/dl) versus controls (8.64±0.91 mg/dl)].Conclusions: Significantly lower blood glucose levels were identified in term IUGR neonates. This association was apparent at 3 hours of life. The measurement of serum calcium & glucose in IUGR babies could predict a poorer outcome in these patients. Identifying and treating these biochemical abnormalities can avoid short term as well as long term sequelae.
Toksik Liderliğin Çalışanların Tükenmişlik Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: UZUNBACAK Hasan Hüseyin , YILDIZ Aslıhan , UZUN Sercan
Published: September 2018

Liderlik,
işletmelerin amaçlarını gerçekleştirmek için oldukça önemlidir. Liderlerin
sergiledikleri davranışlar çalışanlar üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Bu etkilerden
en önemlilerinden birisi de çalışanların tükenmişlik düzeyleri üzerinde
olmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalarda, genellikle liderliğin olumlu türleri ele
alınmış ve liderlik tarzıyla çalışanların tükenmişlik düzeyi arasında güçlü
ilişkilerin olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu araştırma da ise, olumsuz etkilere
sebep olan Toksik Liderlik ile Tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişki ele alınmaktadır.
Araştırmaya Denizli ilinde faaliyet gösteren üç tekstil firmasında çalışan 241
mavi yakalı çalışan dâhil edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler, SPSS ve Lisrel paket
programlarıyla yapısal eşitlik modeline göre test edilmiştir. Toksik liderliğin
doğrudan davranış tarzıyla ilgili olduğu değerlendirilen kötü davranan lider ve
otokratik liderlik boyutu ile tükenmişlik algıları arasında ilişki bulunmuştur.
Buna göre, çalışanların liderlerinin kötü davrandığını ve otokratik tarzda
yönetim sergilediğini yüksek düzeyde algılamaları durumunda tükenmişlik
düzeyleri de yükselmektedir. Kişilik özelliği olarak değerlendirilebilecek
diğer toksik liderlik boyutları ile çalışanların tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasında
ilişki bulunamamıştır.
Síndrome de Burnout em equipe de enfermagem que atua na urgência e emergência.
Authors: Oliveira de Sousa Hellen Raquel
Published: September 2018

Objetivo. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo Investigar a presença de sinais e sintomas de exaustão física e psicológica que possam indicar a ocorrência de síndrome de Burnout em profissionais da equipe de enfermagem da unidade de pronto socorro do Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás (HC/UFG) Métodos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com abordagem predominantemente qualitativa, no qual, os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semi-estruturada com a equipe de enfermagem. Resultados. O estudo evidenciou que os sinais e sintomas mais freqüentes que a equipe de enfermagem apresentou foram as manifestações psicológicas, seguidas de outras manifestações, tais como sentimentos negativos e positivos.Conclusão. Outros aspecto relevantes foram encontrados como a necessidade de oficinas, atividades laborais e interações com o grupo gerando coleguismo e melhor interação da equipe, o gestor da unidade deve programar ações que gerem condições para que os sujeitos consigam exercer suas funções minimizando os fatores que levam ao esgotamento profissional e à síndrome.
The Improvement of Students’ Activities and Outcomes on English Language Subject on Writing Descriptive Material Through Discovery Learning Model at The Eleventh Science 3 Grade State Islamic Senior High School 1 Banjarmasin Academic Year 2016/2017
Authors: Mariani Mariani Mariani
Published: September 2018

This research aims to know the activities and learning outcomes of students on writing descriptive text material through the model Discovery Learning in class XI MIA 3 MAN 1 Banjarmasin Lesson 2016/2017. This research used Action research method. Subjects were 36 students consisting of 21 female students and 15 male students. Discovery Learning has a positive impact in improving students’ learning achievement which is marked by the improvement of students’ learning completeness in every cycle, improving student learning outcomes marked by the improvement of students’ learning mastery in each cycle, that is, there are 14 students (42.4 %) of completed students increased in cycle II to 29 students (87,9%).
TINJAUAN HUKUM KONTRAK SYARIAH TERHADAP KETENTUAN FORCE MAJEURE DALAM HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Hidayat Rifqi , Komarudin Parman
Published: September 2018

Salah satu perbedaan utama antara bank konvensional dengan bank syariah terletak pada akadnya, bahwa bank konvensional memakai kontrak hutang dengan bunga yang diharamkan sedangkan bank syariah hanya menggunakan akad-akad yang diperbolehkan oleh Islam. Dalam setiap akad tersebut, terdapat berbagai klausul yang mengatur hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan akad, salah satunya adalah klausul force majeure, yaitu klausul tanggap bencana atau musibah yang bersifat preventif untuk mengantisipasi hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan. Sayangnya, saat ini klausul force majeure tersebut sepenuhnya mengacu kepada hukum perdata dan kontrak konvensional, dan belum ada aturan spesifiknya dalam Islam. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada kajian khusus untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap klausul force majeure tersebut.Kata Kunci : Force Majeure, Hukum Perdata
Model Hukum Islam: Suatu Konsep Metode Penemuan Hukum melalui Pendekatan Ushuliyyah
Authors: Zaidah Yusna
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai metode penemuan hukum islam melalui pendekatan ushul. Dalam upaya menemukan hukum yang digali dari sumbernya, para pengali hukum Islam seyogianya bertitik tolak dari prinsip kemaslahatan dengan metode yang telah ditawarkan oleh para pendahulu yang ahli dibidangnya. Maka ditemukan metode maslahah, istihsan, pendekatan linguistik, dan metode kausasi.
Maqasid Al Syari’ah: Melacak Gagasan Awal
Authors: Rahmi Nispan
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini membahas tentang melacak gagasan awal maqasid syariah. Berdasarkan data-data otentik dan valid mengenai beberapa kebijakan Umar bin Khatthab r.a yang didasarkan atas pertimbangan al maslahah al ‘ammah, roh/ embrio kajian-kajian teori maqasid al syariah telah ada sejak awal perkembangan Islam, yakni masa sahabat khususnya pada era al khulafa’ al rasyidun. Era berikutnya studi terkait maqasid al syariah dilanjutkan oleh Al Tirmizi al Hakim (w. 296 H/ 908 M), Abu Zayd al Balkhi (w. 322 H/ 933M), Al Qaffal al Kabir Syayhi (w. 365 H/ 975 M), al Amiri al Faylasuf (w. 381 H/ 991 M). Masa- masa berikutnya kajian maqasid al syariah sudah semakin fokus yang ditandai dengan muncul dan seringnya menggunakan istilah maqasid al syariah dan substansinya sekaligus.
Premedication for Endotracheal Intubation in the Neonate
Authors: McPherson Christopher
Published: September 2018

Endotracheal intubation, a common procedure in neonatal intensive care, results in distress and disturbs physiologic homeostasis in the newborn. Analgesics, sedatives, vagolytics, and/or muscle relaxants have the potential to blunt these adverse effects, reduce the duration of the procedure, and minimize the number of attempts necessary to intubate the neonate. The medical care team must understand efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic data for individual medications to select the optimal cocktail for each clinical situation. Although many units utilize morphine for analgesia, remifentanil has a superior pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy data. Because of hypotensive effects in preterm neonates, sedation with midazolam should be restricted to near-term and term neonates. A vagolytic, generally atropine, blunts bradycardia induced by vagal stimulation. A muscle relaxant improves procedural success when utilized by experienced practitioners; succinylcholine has an optimal pharmacokinetic profile, but potentially concerning adverse effects; rocuronium may be the agent of choice based on more robust safety data despite a relatively prolonged duration of action. In the absence of an absolute contraindication, neonates should receive analgesia with consideration of sedation, a vagolytic, and a muscle relaxant before endotracheal intubation. Neonatal units must develop protocols for premedication and optimize logistics to ensure safe and timely administration of appropriate agents.
Behavioral Organization in Infants with Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Characteristics and Clinical Implications
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Maziero , Powlesland Jean
Published: September 2018

Purpose

This study examined the neurobehavioral functioning in preterm infants diagnosed with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) grades III and IV, using the Assessment of Preterm Infants’ Behavior (APIB).

Design and Sample

The APIB was completed on nine infants with IVH III/IV at 36 and 40weeks postmenstrual age to determine the effects of IVH on the neurobehavioral functioning and maturation over time. The APIB neurobehavioral scores (i.e., physiologic, motor, state, attention/interaction, regulatory, and examiner facilitation subsystem scores) were examined in relation to the two different testing times and to infants without lesion.

Results

APIB scores at 36weeks suggested easily disorganized and poorly modulated behavioral regulation and low threshold of disorganization and stress. At 40 weeks, poor overall behavioral regulation persisted; only motor differences statistically improved between the two ages. Neurobehavior was significantly poor in all but state subsystems when tested at both ages in infants with a brain lesion.
Mortgage Usage and Mortgage Payments as Share of Income in China: Comparing Residential Homeowners and Housing Investors
Authors: Chen Xue , Pu Xiaoling , Chen Danni
Published: September 2018

The study investigates factors associated with mortgage usage and the share of income that Chinese use for mortgage payments. Using data from the 2010 China Family Panel Study, we found mortgage usage shows a hump-shaped income effect. Workers in government-controlled nonprofit institutions are more likely to use a mortgage to purchase a house because banks treat them favorably. Notably, government employees borrow less to purchase a residence because they have advantages by way of subsidies. Individuals who have attained higher education are more likely to use a mortgage and have a larger share of their monthly income devoted to mortgage payments. For housing investors, risk tolerance is positively associated with mortgage use but not with the share of mortgage payments in the household’s monthly expenditure.
Informal Bankruptcy: Health Expenditure Shocks and Financial Distress Avoidance
Authors: Dong Gang Nathan
Published: September 2018

This article studies the financial decision-making behavior of U.S. families that have difficulties paying for their medical bills and investigate what alternatives they have to avoid filing for formal bankruptcy and what influence their motivation to do so. Using household financial and demographic information from the Health Tracking Household Survey in 2007 and 2010, this article finds that families with younger age members, minority ethnic background, more doctor visits, and without insurance made more diverse and severe choices to finance the payments before resorting to personal bankruptcy. Interestingly, households with better education seek more diverse but easier financing methods, suggesting that financial literacy may play a dual role in undertaking financial planning—strategic default and bankruptcy avoiding.
Towards a Working Profile of Medical Bankruptcy
Authors: Hackney Donald D. , Friesner Daniel L. , Johnson Erica H.
Published: September 2018

Medical bankruptcy refers to individuals with serious medical conditions who feel compelled to file for bankruptcy to seek relief from their medical debts. Noticeably lacking in the literature is a consistent, evidence-based criterion to define who may be classified as medically bankrupt. A more concrete definition would allow policy makers to understand the magnitude of the problem and allow financial counselors to better inform certain households about seeking bankruptcy protection when faced with medical bills. This study uses data drawn from the U.S. Bankruptcy Court’s Eastern Washington District to create an empirical profile of bankruptcy petitioners with medical debt. We then identify those characteristics statistically associated with being “at-risk” of a medical bankruptcy to better understand and define medical bankruptcy.
Transforming Maternity Care in the United States
Authors: Lothian Judith A.
Published: September 2018

In this column, the associate editor of The Journal of Perinatal Education provides a snapshot of the current state of maternity care in the United States and highlights the efforts of researchers, childbirth educators, and professional organizations to transform maternity care practices and, in doing so, to improve outcomes for mothers and babies. The associate editor also describes the contents of this issue, which offer a broad range of resources, research, and inspiration for childbirth educators in their efforts to promote, support, and protect natural, safe, and healthy birth.
Psychometric Properties of the Authentic Leadership Inventory in the Nursing Profession
Authors: Davidson Elizabeth Sloan , Mitchell Anita , Beverly Claudia , Brown Lana M. , Rettiganti Mallikarjuna , Walden Marlene , Wright Patricia
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose:

A valid and reliable Authentic Leadership (AL) measurement instrument is paramount as nursing leadership research grows. The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and construct validity of the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI) among nurses.

Methods:

This study was a cross-sectional, prospective design that explored the relationship between registered nurses’ (RNs) perceptions of AL qualities in nurse managers in a random sample of RNs working in an acute care setting.

Results:

A Cronbach α 0.96 confirmed reliability. Exploratory factor analysis determined a one-factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis utilized the one-factor structure for a final best-fit model (χ2= 107.3,df= 70,p= .003; TLI = 0.95, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08).

Conclusions:

This study gives support to using the ALI with the nursing profession.
The Effect of Watson’s Human Caring Model on Meaning of Life and Symptom Management in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Aktürk Ümmühan , Erci Behice
Published: September 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Watson’s Human Caring Model on the meaning of life and symptom management in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Design:

The study was conducted using a real test model featuring a pretest and posttest and a control group.

Methods:

The sample consisted of 158 adult cancer patients (79 in both the experimental and control groups). The sample size was determined and the participants were allocated to groups using power analysis and a random sampling method. For the pretest, both groups completed an introductory questionnaire, the Life Attitude Profile, and the General Symptom Inventory. Then, the experimenter visited the experimental group patients’ homes three times, at 2-week intervals, to provide nursing care based on Watson’s model. Finally, after 8 weeks, a posttest was conducted by having both groups complete the Life Attitude Profile and General Symptom Inventory once again.

Results:

In the experimental group, the mean total posttest score for the Life Attitude Profile was determined to be 164.21 ± 36.5, and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 55.06 ± 13.19; however, in the control group, the mean total Life Attitude Profile score was 127.31 ± 10.61 and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 136.91 ± 16.20. The mean differences between the groups were statistically significant (p < .001).

Implications for Practice:

Care based on Watson’s model increases the sense of meaning in life and decreases symptom levels for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
The Effects of the EMDR Group Traumatic Episode Protocol With Cancer Survivors
Authors: Roberts Amanda Karen Patricia
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this pre-experimental case study was to explore the efficacy and safety of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Group Traumatic Episode Protocol (G-TEP) in the psychological treatment of cancer survivors and its potential effects on posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Participants (N = 35) were patients with various types of cancer, in different stages, initial or recurring, with diagnosis or oncology treatment received within the past year. Following an individual psychoeducational intake session, participants received two 90-minute EMDR G-TEP sessions, administered on consecutive days. They were randomly assigned to a treatment group or a delayed treatment group. Assessments were administered at pre, post, and follow-up using the Short PostTraumatic Stress Disorder Interview (SPRINT), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Repeated measures comparisons of PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and depression revealed significant differences between pretest and posttest, with most results maintained at follow-up. Pre-follow-up effect sizes showed medium effects. These promising results suggest the value in providing a lengthier course of treatment. They support the need for research with large sample, randomized clinical trials to examine the viability of providing EMDR G-TEP in the psychological treatment of cancer survivors. No serious adverse effects were reported and we conclude that the EMDR G-TEP may be effective and safe in the psychological treatment of an oncology population.
EMDR in Older Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Gielkens Ellen , Vink Marja , Sobczak Sjacko , Rosowsky Erlene , Van Alphen Bas
Published: September 2018

Recognition of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in older adults is often difficult due to its complicated presentation. Once recognized, trauma symptoms can, in accordance with (inter)national guidelines, be successfully treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. However, limited empirical research has been done on the expression and treatment of PTSD in older adults. This article explains trauma and age in the context of psychotherapy. It discusses the interaction between age and pathology and summarizes the cognitive issues related to age, PTSD, and anxiety. It provides practical suggestions for how these can be addressed in treatment. Age-related challenges related to motivation are identified with practical suggestions for addressing them. The case illustrates the necessary additions and subtractions for older adults, with clear explanations and instructions. This article points the way for future research.