bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Operational First Aid Training Course in Preschool Children
Authors:   Department of Disaster and Emergency Health, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Mohajervatan Ali , Raeisi Ahmad Reza ,   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Atighechian Golrokh ,   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Tavakoli Nahid ,   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Muosavi Hossein ,   Department of Disaster and Emergency Health, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: All parents of a child know that keeping their child at home is difficult enough, but when the child goes to school, there are new challenges and very dangerous situation. Preparing children for such situations is one of the tasks of the education system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of operational first aid training course in preschool children. Methods: This study is a baseline of single-group experiences. The sample size included 150 children who were randomly selected from kindergarten. They underwent a course of first aid training and the results were evaluated 3 weeks after training. Results: Both quantitative and qualitative improvements were observed in the childrenchr('39')s efficacy in giving first aid. For example, the assessment of consciousness status increased from 51.3% before training to 64% after training or nasal bleeding control increased from 34% before training to 89.3% after training. Conclusion: First aid training courses help children get immediate and adequate help in situations emergencies. The children can learn the basic aspects of first aid and these skills increasing self-care in children. So the first aid teaching program should include the transfer of knowledge and should also motivate children to perform first aid and develop their helping aptitude.
Investigating the Effect of Safety Training on the Safety Climate of Employees Working in Kermanshah Province, Iran Oil Refining Company
Authors:   epartment of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Omidi Mohammad Reza , Jafari Eskandari Meysam ,   epartment of Industrial Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran., Omidi Nabi ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: To achieve a safe and healthy environment for human beings and the dynamic industry as a critical factor in sustainable development, it is necessary to deal with accidents and eliminate their underlying causes radically. Safety climate shows the attitude and general perception of an organization and its management towards safety. This study aimed to investigate the effect of safety training on the safety climate of employees working in Kermanshah Province (Iran) Oil Refining Company. Materials and Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental interventional research conducted in 2019 in Kermanshah Province, Iran Oil Refining Company, with a pre-test, post-test design. The study population included all employees working in different departments of Kermanshah Oil Refining Company. Sampling was done randomly with 240 people. The questionnaire used in the present study had the demographic information questionnaire. To assess the workers’ climate safety, the safety climate questionnaire of the British Safety Organization was used. The level of reliability was 0.84. Information coding was performed in SPSS v. 23, and the Mean±SD of demographic information and atmosphere scores were determined. To investigate the effect of interventions on the safety climate before and one month after educational and technical interventions, a pairwise comparison was used. Results: The comparison of the mean scores of the safety climate components before the intervention was equal to 2.61 and after the educational intervention reached 3.72. All components of the safety climate increased after the intervention. The highest mean increase was related to the component of “safety communications” with 1.74 units. The lowest increase was associated with the component of “employee intervention in safety” with 0.68 units. Before and after the intervention, “safety enhancement” had the highest score among the safety climate components. Before the intervention, the lowest mean score was related to the “safety violations” component, which after the intervention, the “licensing system” had the lowest mean score. Conclusion: The educational intervention improved the safety climate in Kermanshah Oil Refining Company. Therefore, safety training plays an essential role in increasing the oil and gas industry’s safety climate.
The Effect of Low Friction in Pavement Due to Floods and High-speed Vehicles in Increasing the Number of Rescue Vehicles' Driving Accidents
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Technolgy, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran., Khabiri Mohammad Mehdi , Ghaforifard Zohrah ,   Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Technolgy, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: The rescue operation is dangerous during floods when the street surface is wet and the rescue vehicles moving fast. Rural roads are known with a high percentage of run-off-the-road crashes and accidents, mostly affected by the unsuitable and inappropriate speed of the car and failure to keep a safe side distance from the highway alignment. Determining the length of the vertical curve and the stopping distance depends on the speed parameter in the geometric design. This parameter depends on the traffic flow and the vehicle driver. Materials and Methods: The calculation of distance visibility, especially in the vertical and horizontal curves, has a significant role in the geometric design of roads and the safety of roads and drivers. This study investigates changes in two critical parameters of friction surface of pavement and vehicles’ speed on the probability of accidents. In the present study, by changing the speed parameter, namely, increasing speed and decreasing friction, and reducing the distance of vision, the required vertical curve is calculated and compared with the existing curve length. Thus, when the curve length does not match the required arch length, the accident’s probability increases. Results: One of the study’s findings indicates that with a 5% decrease in the friction coefficient of the vertical curve, the probability of accident increases by about 20%. The results show that an approximately 10% increase in speed can raise the likelihood of a crash by 25% on average. Conclusion: The use of accident reduction-related strategies for rescue vehicles and ambulances will help the victims affected by natural disasters. The results showed that choosing the right speed is very important in flooded wet streets. Driving fast to speed up the relief operation not only increases the risk of traffic accidents but also slows down the relief of natural disasters. The results indicate the proper performance of the model created by the probabilistic method. Besides, this model’s use has the advantage of correctly identifying the factors affecting the increase in risk. Also, it helps to take the right measures to increase safety in the relief of natural disasters, especially floods.
The Effect of Educational Intervention on Health Care Providers' Preparedness in the Natural Disasters: A Case Study of Health Care Providers in Shahreza City, Iran
Authors:   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Sahebzadeh Mandana , Gherekhloo Abdol Hossein ,   Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Management and Medical Information, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Atighechian Golrokh ,   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: Every year, numerous natural disasters occur around Iran, with many casualties and financial losses. In these crises, the demand for health care suddenly and uncontrollably increases. In such circumstances, the readiness of health centers and their staff is critical in reducing injuries and mortality. This study aimed to determine the effect of disaster preparedness intervention on the attitude, knowledge, and practice of health care providers in Shahreza City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This one-group quasi-experimental study was conducted on 55 health care providers in Shahreza health centers selected by the census method. The participants completed a researcher-made questionnaire in two stages before and two months after attending a disaster preparedness workshop, a top-table maneuver, and an operational maneuver. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS v. 23 using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: Data analysis showed a significant difference between the mean scores of pretraining and posttraining regarding the rate of knowledge, attitude, and preparedness (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the mean scores of performance (P>0.05). Conclusion: The intervention significantly improved awareness and developed a positive attitude about disaster preparedness. Although it slightly increased performance, it was not significant. Nonetheless, it appears that the continuation of training along with other operational methods can improve individual performance. It is recommended that disaster preparedness programs be considered as one of the topics of in-service education of health care providers and also as the subject of educational courses in different academic periods.
Assessing the Status of Yazd Province Medical Emergency and Accident Management Center in Terms of Necessary Standards for Air Emergencies
Authors:   Department of Health Care Management, Health Policy and Management Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Jafari Hassan , Ranjbar Mohammad ,   Department of Health Care Management, Health Policy and Management Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Mozaffari Ali Reza ,   Department of Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Sadeghi Ahmad ,   Department of Public Health, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran., Fallah Aliabadi Saeed ,   Department of Health in Disaster and Emergencies, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: Air emergency medical services provide advanced medical care to patients and critically injured as soon as possible to reduce injuries and casualties. In this study, the status of the Medical Emergency and Accident Management Center in Yazd Province in terms of the necessary standards for air emergencies was investigated and compared with existing standards. Materials and Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Using a researcher-made checklist, the required data, such as human resource requirements, physical and environmental space, time, communication equipment, medical equipment, equipment for traffic detection and management, and equipment for technical and safety services, were collected by asking relevant officials and experts. Finally, data analysis was performed using tables and descriptive statistics. Results: The study findings showed that in total, 2 items in the field of human resource requirements, 7 items in physical space and environmental requirements, 2 items regarding time requirements, 4 items regarding communication equipment requirements, 43 items regarding equipment and medicine requirements, including patient cabin equipment, emergency resuscitation kit and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), medicine and jump bag equipment, delivery set, triage bag, dressing equipment and technical and safety service equipment requirements were in accordance with the existing standards. Conclusion: Based on the existing standards, the air emergency in Yazd Province in most areas was satisfactory. Because of the importance of the issue, authorities must take the necessary measures to address the deficiencies and limitations so that the emergency missions be carried out in the best conditions.
Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Mortality Rate Caused by Severe Stroke
Authors:   Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Hosseininezhad Mozaffar , Moadabi Yaser ,   Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mohseni Nastaran ,   Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Saadat Sajjad ,   Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Kazemnezhad Leyli Ehsan ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Nasiri Paria ,   Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: Stroke is one of the most important causes of disability-adjusted life years lost. Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased stroke-related morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aimed to investigate in-hospital mortality rate caused by severe cases of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and its relationship with patients’ socioeconomic status. Materials and Methods: This comparative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from April 2018 to March 2019 on 384 patients diagnosed with severe stroke admitted to the neurology department of Poursina Hospital in Rasht, Iran, who were selected using a purposive sampling method. They completed a demographic checklist and the Socio-Economic Status Questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS V. 21 software. Results: It was reported a stroke death rate of 59.9%, of which 75.7% occurred in the hospital. Stroke-related mortality rate had a significant relationship with age (P=0.021), gender (P=0.047), not owning a home (P<0.001) and socioeconomic status (P<0.001). Conclusion: Some demographic factors including old age, male gender, not owning a home, and low socioeconomic status increase the risk of stroke-related mortality.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Compassion-based Therapy and Acceptance-based Therapy and Commitment to Self-care Behavior and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors:   Deparment of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Khalatbari Ameneh , Ghorbanshiroudi Shohreh ,   Deparment of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Zarbakhsh Mohammad Reza ,   Deparment of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Tizdast Taher ,   Deparment of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases affecting peoplechr('39')s mental health and the body. Therefore, psychological interventions seem necessary to solve the problems caused by this disease. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Compassion-focused Therapy (CFT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and commitment to self-care behavior and glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes at Tonekabon City Hospital. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was a one-step cluster sampling study, including 200 patients who were randomly selected from all patients with type 2 diabetes in Tonekabon City Hospital and, at the same time, the scale of self-care behavior of Tobert, Glasgow, and Hamspon (2002). A total of 45 people were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15 people, including two intervention groups and one control group, 12 compassionate therapy sessions, and 12 admission-based treatment sessions, each lasting 45 minutes. Meetings for each intervention were performed twice a week with an interval of 3 days. At the end of treatment, all three groups were retested. Results: Due to the comparison of the mean differences between the two treatment groups for self-care and glycosylated hemoglobin (5.012) (-2.145), respectively, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy was more effective than compassion-focused therapy. Conclusion: The results owed a positive trend and increased self-care behavior and balanced glycosylated hemoglobin level in the follow-up and effectiveness of both approaches and the superiority of the acceptance and commitment-based treatment approach. Therefore, this treatment can be used in different conditions to improve the lives of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Software Programming with Lumbar Spine Cadaveric Specimens for Computational Biomedical Applications
Authors: Vinodhini Francisco
Published: February 2021

This contribution deals with demonstration of software-computational methods (CAD) to digitalize, simulate, and fit mathematically the anterior vertebral body morphometry of cadaveric lumbar spines. From previous research publications, computational techniques are developed and explained. Based on anatomical-cadaveric spinal specimens, experimental data was implemented to obtain practical surgical applications. With these anatomical samples, large sets of surface digital points were generated. Complete anterior vertebral body morphologies were visualized and analyzed with designed software-engineering. Selection method for extraction of Regions of Interest (ROIs) is presented. Applications of Lumbar anterior, vertebras, and intervertebral disks surfaces, are explained. Further biomedical anatomical analysis applications are included. Results comprise realistic anatomical representations of lumbar spine. Important applications in computational design, surgical robotics, and optimization of surgery tools and techniques are presented.
Disease Prediction by Machine Learning Over Big Data Lung Cancer
Authors: Priya T. Shanmuga , Meyyappan T.
Published: February 2021

Lung Cancer is one of the deadly diseases in the world today. Lung Cancer is caused because of some genetic factors and/or environmental factors and/or today’s modern lifestyle. Lung cancer has become the primary reason of death in developed countries. The majority effective way to decrease lung cancer death is to detect it earlier. The in advance detection of cancer is not easier method but if it is detecte it is curable. Various works have been done in predicting lung cancer different data mining approach and algorithm were adopt by different people. All work has some limits such as lack of intelligent prediction, and incompetent in structure that forced to take up this problem and to implement the Data mining based cancer prediction System (DMBCPS). This has proposed the Lung cancer prediction system based on data mining. This system is validated by comparing its predicted results with patient’s prior medical information and it was analyzed by using weka tool system. We analyzed the lung cancer prediction using classification algorithm such as Naive Bayes, SVM and Random forest algorithm. The dataset have 782 instances and 31 attributes. The main aim of this paper is to provide the earlier warning to the users and the performance analysis of the classification algorithms.
Development of a novel approach for the second-tier estimation of homocysteine in dried blood spot using tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Bijo Varughese  , Dnyanoba Madrewar  , Sunil Kumar Polipalli  , Siddharth Ramji  , Alpana Saxena  , Seema Kapoor
Published: February 2021

Tandem mass spectrometry (TMS) -based screening for homocystinuria in the routine newborn screening (NBS) primarily relies on the elevated levels of methionine (Met) in the dried blood spot (DBS) of affected neonates. However, due to the lack of required specificity of Met as a marker for homocystinuria, an additional re-sampling and follow-up analytical testing for a definitive diagnosis, emphasis us to develop second-tier testing for a more specific marker, that is homocysteine (HCY) in the same residual blood spot without any new sample. Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a novel approach for the second-tier estimation of total HCY in residual blood spot using TMS. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of DBS from all neonates with deranged levels of Met and Met to phenylalanine in primary NBS was included in the study. The study duration was for a period of 24 months (November 2015-October 2017). Heel prick samples were collected within 24–72 h of birth and after the first feed. Further, the samples with abnormal Met was analyzed for total HCY by isotopic dilution approach using multiple reaction monitoring modes for mass transition m/z 136?90 for HCY, m/z 140?94 for d4-homocysteine, and m/z 269.2?134.4 for d8-HCY. Results: The newly developed methodology demonstrated a sensitive method for the quantification of total HCY over a linear range of 2 ?mol/L–100 ?mol/L. Assay validation parameters such as intraday and interday assay precision, accuracy, and recovery were also within an acceptable range. Conclusion: In the present study, an in-house tandem mass spectrometric-based assay for the quantification of total HCY was developed which can be employed as an important strategy for the differential diagnosis of homocystinuria in neonates.
About competition in the area scientiﬁc activity, criteria for its success, incentives and ratings
Authors: Lopatin V. N.
Published: February 2021

Тhe purpose of this article is to highlight and study the problems that are when designing and implementing the goals and objects of building the digital Economy,laws of development of the intellectual property market in the context of competitiveness of the Russian economy, science and scientists. The author conducts a study on the basis of the comparative legal and economic analysis, statistical Surveys, methods analogy, scientiﬁc forecasting and modeling. It is concluded that today the Russian state actually ﬁnances innovative development of foreign countries from the taxpayer's pocket, often to the detriment of its own national interests. Forecast of consequences of development of the economy based on export of knowledge and import of technologies, and recommendations on replacement of information indicators of scientiﬁc activity with indicators of economy of intellectual property are given. The author substantiates the proposals to extend the legislative ban on unfair competition associated with the use of the results of intellectual activity (RID) in the introduction of such goods (works, services), as well as on the circulation of intellectual property and introduce into the practice of Antimonopoly regulation and evaluation of the integrity of intellectual property market subjects competition index (the ratio of the number of patents and the share of patent sales).
Overview of latest amendmentsto the competition law of Germany
Authors: Chukurov D. .. , Kobadze N. ..
Published: February 2021

Over the past 20 years, the Act against Restraints of Competition in Germany has been repeatedly adapted to changing market conditions. In particular, the guidance from the European Union has led to extensive reforms. This article is dedicated to the ninth and most recent amendment dated 09.03.2017, which was accompanied by a vivid politi- cal debate. The amendment is primarily a response to the progressive digitalization of markets. Thus, the competition law of Germany becomes the ﬁrst regime in the world to provide rules for the digital economy.In addition, the amendment provides for signiﬁcant changes regarding the imposition of antitrust penalties, actions for damages and ministerial approval of mergers. In the case of damages claims, the reason for the amendment was the transposition of European Direc- tive No. 2014/104/EU. Generally, the legislator addressed the shortcomings, which arose during the practical application of the law. This article provides an overview of the signiﬁ- cant modiﬁcations to the Act against Restraints of Competition in Germany, in view of its latest amendment, and considers the legal consequences of those modiﬁcations.
Prospective directions tariff regulation in the ﬁeld of commu
Authors: Klimova O. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to promising areas of tariff regulation in the sphere of communications, taking into account the current level of competition. The tendencies of competition development in the market of telecommunications of the Russian Federation underline the need to improve the mechanisms of tariff regulation. The article considers the core principles of pro-competitive tariff regulation, which served as the basis for the Procedure for calculating tariffs using the marginal pricing method. The pros and cons of this method, as well as possible ways of lessening the disadvantages are listed in this article.
The problems of appealing the acts of territorial antimonopoly bodies in administrative and judicial order
Authors: Moskvitin O. A. , Tsembelev D. S.
Published: February 2021

The current article presents the issues related to the work of the collegial bodies of Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia (FAS of Russia)on examination of appeals brought by the parties of antimonopoly disputes against decisions (orders) of territorial bodies and further appeal of such collegial bodies' decisions. The relevance of these issues is connected with the relative recency of this legal institute, as well as the absence of its detailed regulation and established regulatory enforcement practice. The institute for administrative appeals against decisions and (or) orders of the territorial bodies of FAS of Russia territorial bodies is widely used by business entities, since it allows to significantly shorten the time for resolution of a dispute without resorting to judicial review, which usually takes a long time. This article is a kind of supplement to the previously published "Comments on issues arising from the review by the FAS Russia's collegial bodies of the decisions and orders of the territorial bodies of the FAS Russia", prepared jointly by the experts of the FAS Russia and the Association of Antimonopoly Experts, and considers certain issues unaffected by these comments (standpoint of the authors of the article).
Specific characteristics of the market of services and peculiarities of definition of relevant commodity for the objectives of antimonopoly human application
Authors: Knyazeva I. V.
Published: February 2021

This article is devoted to the consideration of the main features of the service as a commodity, the identification and identification of commodity boundaries of services under various economic and legal relations. When considering service markets, it is necessary to pay attention to their specific characteristics, ignorance of which or misinterpretation lead to research misconceptions. Specific examples of market definition, methodological approaches and specifics of determining the relevant service market for antitrust enforcement purposes are given.
Criteries of an estimationof competitiveness the timberindustry complex of Russia
Authors: Bylgakova M. A.
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the leading concepts of assessing the competitiveness of countries, various industries and management, as well as existing methodological approaches to the criteria for assessing the competitiveness of the Russian timber industry. On the basis of statistical data, the analysis of criminalization of the industry is carried out, taking into account which proposals are given to improve the methodological tools for assessing the competitiveness of the Russian timber industry.
Novels of the Criminal Code on responsibility for abusesin public procurement: background and problems of qualiﬁcation
Authors: Asnis A. Ya.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the criminological grounds and background of the adoption of the Federal law of April 23, 2018 № 99-FZ, which introduced criminal liability for abuse in the procurement of goods, works and services for state or municipal needs (Art. 2004 of Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and for bribery of employees of contract service, contract managers, members of the Commission on the implementation of the procurement of persons engaged in the acceptance of the delivered goods, performed works or rendered services, other authorized persons, representing interests of customer in the scope of the relevant procurement (Art. 2005 of the Criminal Code).The author formulates private rules of qualiﬁcation of the corresponding crimes and differentiation of their structures from structures of adjacent crimes and administrative offenses. The necessity of changing the position of the legislator regarding generic and direct objects of these crimes, the adoption of a special resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation to explain the practice of applying the relevant innovations.
Competitive environment as a strategic factor in the region’s entrepreneurial climate
Authors: Bondarenko I. V.
Published: February 2021

This article considers the economic category “competitive environment” as a factor in forming the entrepreneurial climate, presents theoretical approaches to the deﬁnition of this category, assesses the state of the competitive environment in the Novosibirsk region based on the competition intensity rating and survey of entrepreneurs, identiﬁes some problems in the implementation of state competition policy in the Novosibirsk region and proposed a mechanism to improve the performance of measures of regional authorities to create high-quality competitive environment.
Competitive advantages of wood products and risks of its placing on the consumer market in Russia
Authors: Bylgakova M. A.
Published: February 2021

The article includes a brief empirical analysis of “marketing’, “competition”, “competi- tiveness” and “competitive advantages” deﬁnitions, it also provides characteristic of com- petitive advantages of the Russian timber industry, including the production dynamics of wood products, poly wood, paper, cardboard and wood pulp. In addition, it gives the evaluation of key payers in furniture and paper production on the basis of factors having impact on volume changes in production and competition development. It makes analy- sis of the turnover of examined timber in-dustry production on the consumer market in Russia within the context of the producer country.
Eﬀects of mechanical translation science in educational institutions
Authors: Kleeva L. P.
Published: February 2021

The article identiﬁed the basics of scientiﬁc and educational activity-scientiﬁc and educational environment and a key requirement for all change of science and education is the following: the preservation, support and development of scientiﬁc and educational environment. With this position assesses change in science and education, in particular, different forms of translation science in educational institutions.
Sociological approaches to the study of external competitive environment in education
Authors: Baranovskiy E. A.
Published: February 2021

The results of modern research in the ﬁeld of sociology of a competitive external educational environment are considered. The concept of the competitive environment of the educational organization is deﬁned and the behavioral, functional and institutional components are singled out.
Theoretical bases of state antimonopoly policy: questions of philosophical and economic doctrines
Authors: Golomolzin A. N.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the issues of scientiﬁc validity of the state Antimonopoly policy from the standpoint of philosophy and economic theory of competition. The necessity of harmonious use in the formation and implementation of such a policy of values and philosophy of "living" life, fundamental economic doctrines, new trends and ideas of state regulation of the economy, including the use of legal mechanisms.The author proceeds from the fact that the division of labor is the essence of society. Awareness of this fact makes it possible to overcome contradictions in the interests of the individual and society. It is noted that in the modern industrial world digital transformation blurs the boundaries between international, wholesale and retail markets, online and ofﬂine trade. Building a business on the basis of digital platforms, intellectual property rights pools, targeted marketing technologies on the one hand, and the transformation of consumer psychology on the other, create fundamentally new conditions for balancing supply and demand. The digital economy creates qualitatively new opportunities for economic development, but should not turn into a "digital hand of the market". States and companies are able to move beyond "data processing" to "reality processing", which poses a potential threat to the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens.In this regard, the role of scientiﬁc validity of the state Antimonopoly policy in the formation and implementation of errors, which can be too expensive for society, is signiﬁcantly increasing.
Unitary enterprises: objective need or past remnant?
Authors: Kuznetcova O. N.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the legal issues of reforming unitary enterprises, examines the models of such reform. Based on the analysis of the negative impact of unitary enterprises on the state of economic competition of economic entities and in general on the state of the Russian economy, author concludes that it is necessary to introduce a legal ban on the activity by unitary enterprises on the commodity markets.
The problem of access of antitrust authorities to secrecy of communication
Authors: Rego A. V. , Matskevich A. Yu.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the issues of legislative definition and interpretation of the concept of “secret communications” by law enforcement. The authors criticize the broad approach to the interpretation of the concept of “secret communications”. The necessity of introducing into article 25 of the Federal Law of July 26, 2006 No. 135-ФЗ “On Protection of Competition” amended by which the antimonopoly authority will be granted the right to receive information about connections between subscribers and (or) users of communication services, as well as to supplement the new law with a new law an article governing the procedure for the communication operator to submit such information to the antimonopoly authority. According to the authors the receipt by the antimonopoly authority of information on compounds should be carried out only on the basis of a judicial decision based on the results of consideration of a motivated application of such an authority.
General mathematical model of the roadmap fight against cartels
Authors: Vasin Yu. G. , Rudaya T. Yu.
Published: February 2021

The article offers a description of the general algorithm for the formation of a mathematical (stochastic) model of countering cartels as a massive negative social and legal phenomenon. The specified model allows to realize (calculate) the forecast function is a necessary element of state programs (“road maps”) to counter illegal manifestations. The formation of a mathematical model should be preceded by a stage of theoretical modeling, which establishes the constituent elements and relationships of the subject of study. It is proved that the prognostic model of the social-legal phenomenon should be based on the provisions of probability theory. A specific technique is proposed for calculating a system of stochastic indicators (mathematical expectation and standard deviation) of the corresponding model on a single methodological basis. Proposals were made for forecasting methods in relation to quantitative probabilistic models of fighting cartels. The importance of the constant (periodic) verification of the initial statistical data and the correct interpretation of the results of prediction calculations is substantiated. The directions of the practical use of the proposed model for the creation of a comparative monitoring system for the cartelization of the EAEU product markets are proposed.
Violation of competition by online tourism platforms (in terms of price parity requirements): experience of foreign countries
Authors: Milchakova O. V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the approaches of the competition protection authorities of foreign countries to the definition of the product and geographical boundaries of the commodity market on which digital platforms in the tourism industry operate. The practice of antimonopoly regulatory authorities ‘ application to the policy of online platforms for the establishment of “wide” and “narrow” price parity is studied. A comparison of comparable foreign and Russian Antimonopoly regulation is made.
Application of the principle of good faith in proving cartel agreements аt tenders
Authors: Tymoshenko A. S.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the issues of interpretation and applicability in competition law and in antitrust law enforcement practice of the civil law principle of good faith. The theoretical view of the concept of good faith as incompatible with the nature of public law is criticized.

The law enforcement practice in cases of violation of antitrust laws by participants of anticompetitive agreements was studied, which influenced the formation of key judicial positions related to assessing compliance with the principle of good faith by bidders. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the civil law principle of good faith is at the same time a general principle of competition law as an integrated branch of law combining public and private principles of legal regulation.

It is noted that the use of this principle for legal assessment of the actions of participants in cartel agreements at tenders is not only an important tool to counteract cartelization of state and municipal procurements, but also a means of creating a business ethics of entrepreneurial relations in the public interest.
New approaches to antitrust regulation in the digital economy
Authors: Djioeva L. S.
Published: February 2021

The article describes the main development trends of antitrust regulation in the digital economy. The particularity of a digital economy era product is manifested in the value of information in the modern market, which has a direct impact on the cost of almost all goods (production processes, services). The owner of the information (the owner of the digital platform) does not have to occupy a share of the market for the production of tangible goods in order to control it, in fact, through having certain information he can control almost any tangible product market. Changing the product itself or the manner in which it is circulated necessitates the formulation of new approaches to antitrust regulation that will take these features into account for purposes of choosing the best way to protect and at the same time develop competition.
Factors of regional competitiveness formation
Authors: Shikhsaidov Sh. M.
Published: February 2021

А country's сompetitiveness cannot be achieved if the competitiveness of its constituent regions is low. Thus, the regions actually determine the socio-economic processes carried out in the state, and the state, in turn, adjusts the factors that determine the development of the region. The article identifies the factors that influence the development of regional competitiveness and the mechanisms for regulating these factors.

Scientific novelty: the content of the concept of competitiveness of the region is revealed, factors preventing the full and homogeneous development of competitive potential of the regions are identified, a set of measures aimed at improving the regional, in particular, and national competitiveness of the Russian economy is defined.
The improvement of the pharmaceuticals’ sales allowances (margins) to pricesregulatory system on medicine included in The Vital and Essential Drugs List
Authors: Staryh D. A. , Latyntsev A. V.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses and supports alternatives to improve the Russian regulatory system of sales allowances to pricing on pharmaceuticals , included in the Vital and Essential Drugs List; which were developed by means of analytical research in order to encourage sales of cheaper pharmaceuticals and price decreases on expensive ones. In addition, based on the world practice, possible ways of the state regulation of pharmaceutical maximum margins are highlighted and suggested the most appropriate for domestic pharmaceuticals distribution system.
Practice of the Appeal Board of the Federal Criminal Service of Russia (scientific review of the most significant cases considered in the first quarter of 2020)
Authors: Moskvitin O. A. , Bochinin I. P.
Published: February 2021

In this review of the decisions of the Appeals Board of the Federal Criminal Service of Russia, the authors consider cases for the first quarter of 2020, containing legal positions important for maintaining uniformity of the law enforcement practice of antitrust authorities. Thus, the first of the cases considered shows the importance of observing the procedure for considering cases of violation of antitrust legislation, in particular, the procedure for forming a commission, the violation of which will lead to the annulment of acts of the territorial antitrust authority. In the second case, the Appeal Board of the Federal Civil Service of Russia addresses the question of the validity of concluding a state contract with a single supplier. The third solution considered addresses the always pressing problem of proving unfair competition.
Public-private partnership and some of the problems of competition in science and technology
Authors: Chernykh S. I.
Published: February 2021

In the article in theory examines the problems of the development of public-private partnership in the scientific and technological sphere in the competitive aspect and taking into account the provisions of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. The need to use economic and ideological instruments to encourage business to increase investment in science is shown. The ways to further improve the legal and institutional framework for successful scientific and technological development challenges within the framework of public-private partnership in the competitive area are shown.
Regional problems of applying the standard regulation of tariffs for utilities (on the example of Yakutia)
Authors: Belyaev S. G. , Kapitonov I. A. , Antonov D. S.
Published: February 2021

On the example of Yakutia, the territorial features and problems of applying the reference approach to the regulation of tariffs for utilities, in particular, to the regulation of tariffs for thermal energy, are considered. A number of conclusions and practical recommendations on improving tariff regulation at the regional level have been formed.
Hukum Kriminalisasi Penyebaran Berita Hoax dalam Tinjauan: Refleksi atas Hoax Covid-19 dan Penolakan Omnibus Law
Authors: Devina Cindy Bella , Iswari Dissa Chandra , Goni Go Christian Bryan , Lirungan Devi Kimberly
Published: February 2021

Keberadaan hoax di Indonesia ada sejak lama. Perkembangan pesat penggunaan media sosial dan kemudahan pertukaran informasi mempercepat persebaran informasi hoax tersebut. Bahkan, dalam pandemi COVID-19 sekalipun, berita hoax mengenai virus corona dan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengannya tersebar luas di masyarakat. Berikutnya, ketika massa banyak menolak Omnibus Law, pemerintah Indonesia menyatakan bahwa penolakan tersebut disebabkan oleh hoax. Alhasil, ada beberapa orang yang ditangkap dengan menggunakan UU ITE sebagai landasan. Berbagai praktisi dan akademisi hukum mendukung pembuat dan penyebar berita hoax dapat dikriminalisasi, tapi tidak tanpa catatan. Artikel ini melakukan tinjauan hukum secara normatif mengenai kriminalisasi berita hoax. Tinjauan dilakukan memakai teori demokrasi deliberatif. Menggunakan kerangka teori ini, peneliti menemukan bahwa aspek-aspek demokrasi seperti substansi dialog dengan informasi yang akurat tidak terpenuhi akibat berita hoax. Hal ini sejalan dengan kehendak konstitusi Indonesia.  Hanya saja, kriminalisasi hoax ini perlu dipastikan tidak disalahgunakan penguasa atau pihak yang lebih lemah untuk mengekang kebebasan berpendapat. Cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegahnya adalah dengan menambahkan aturan baru untuk melibatkan pihak ketiga independen dalam sengketa berita hoax yang melibatkan pihak pemerintah atau pejabat pemerintah.
Reformulasi‘Illat dalam Taklif sebagai Pembaharuan Hukum Islam: Studi atas makna safar
Authors: Rahim Martunus , Fadil Marjan
Published: February 2021

Manusia dibebankan untuk melakukan atau meninggalkan perintah dari Allah swt (taklif) dan dalam keadaan tertentu tidak mampu melakukan perintah tersebut karena adanya halangan (masyaqqah). Safar adalah salah satu keadaan yang terdapat masyaqqah di dalamnya dan diperlukan upaya untuk mengangkat kesulitan tersebut. Ulama Ushul fiqh konvensional cenderung meyakini bahwa illat hukum pada safar adalah waktu dan jarak dengan prinsip bahwa‘illat harus “jelas, tetap dan tidak berubah” sejalan dengan pendapat ulama Al-Baidawi, Ibn Al-Hajib, Abd Al-Wahab Khallaf, Al-Amidi dan lainnya. Illat yang dipahami oleh ulama dahulu tidak berlaku lagi pada saat ini karena terdapat masyaqqah yang berbeda. Safar pada zaman dahulu dihadapkan pada kondisi geografis, mobilitas serta tingkat kriminalitas yang berbeda dengan konteks saat ini, sehingga prinsip illat pada saat ini tidak harus “jelas dan tetap” seperti yang dipahami umum dalam hukum Islam klasik melainkan terdapat pada hikmah dan maslahah di dalamnya.
A plastic device fixed around trees can deter snakes from predating bird nest boxes
Authors: Navalpotro H. , Mazzoni D. , Senar J. C.
Published: February 2021

Several devices have been designed to prevent predation in nest boxes by mammals and birds. Although snakes are one of the most common predators in cavity–nesters, they have always been difficult to deter. Here we tested a method originally designed to avoid predation by tree–climbing mammals. To prevent snakes from climbing trees and predating on nest boxes, we wrapped a transparent acetate sheet of 80 cm high around tree trunks below a sample of 40 nest boxes used by tits. The acetate sheets were secured with duct tape. The remaining nest boxes (N = 74) in the study area were left as controls. The predation rate in the experimental nest boxes was 20 % and 2 % in control boxes. This method can be useful to increase bird breeding success, improving both the effectiveness of resources to obtain scientific data and the breeding success of endangered species.
Checklist of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) of the birds of Peru
Authors: Minaya D. , Príncipe F. , Iannacone J.
Published: February 2021

Peru is one of the countries with the highest diversity of birds worldwide, having about 1,876 species in its territory. However, studies focused on chewing lice (Phthiraptera) have been carried out on only a minority of bird species. The available data are distributed in 87 publications in the national and international literature. In this checklist we summarize all the records to date of chewing lice on wild and domestic birds in Peru. Among the 301 species of birds studied, 266 species of chewing lice were recorded. The localities with the highest records were the Departments of Cusco, Junín, Lima and Madre de Dios. No records of birds parasitized by these lice have been found in seven departments of Peru. Studies related to lice have only been reported in 16 % of bird species in the country, indicating that research concerning chewing lice has not yet been performed for the the majority of birds in Peru.

Dataset published through GBIF (Doi: 10.15470/u1jtiu)