bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Open-source Photovoltaic - Electrical Vehicle Carport Designs
Authors: Vandewetering Nicholas , Hayibo Koami Soulemane , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: September 2022

Solar powering the increasing fleet of electrical vehicles (EV) demands more surface area than may be available for photovoltaic (PV) powered buildings. Parking lot solar canopies can provide the needed area to charge EVs, but are substantially costlier than roof- or ground-mounted PV systems. To provide a lower-cost PV parking lot canopy to supply EV charging beneath them, this study provides a full mechanical and economic analysis on three novel PV canopy systems: (1) exclusively wood, single parking spot spanning system, (2) wood and aluminum double parking spot spanning system, and (3) wood and aluminum cantilevered system for curbside parking. All systems can be scalable to any amount of EV parking spots. The complete designs and bill of materials (BOM) of the canopies are provided along with basic instructions and are released with an open source license that will enable anyone to fabricate them. The results found single-span systems have cost savings of 82%-85%, double-span systems save 43%-50%, and cantilevered systems save 31%-40%. In the first operation year, the PV canopies can provide 157% of energy needed to charge the least efficient EV currently on the market if it is driven the average driving distance in London ON, Canada.
A Qualitative Assessment Among Personnel Working In Community-Led Development Programme Settings Regarding Sexualized Substance Use
Authors: Marik Binata , Mahajan Nupur , Sarkar Rohit , Mitra Rochana , Dua Rajiv , Aggarwal Sumit
Published: September 2022

Sexualized substance use (SSU) is the practice of psychotropic substance usage, before or during sexual intercourse in order to increase sexual pleasure and arousal. It has a strong association with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The present study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the community health mobilizers about SSU through qualitative approach. Methodology: In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with a total of nineteen community health mobilizers engaged in counselling of sexualized substance users. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire with socio-demographic information and probes related to SSU was administered. Informed consent was taken from each participant prior to data collection. Results: Gender-wise distribution indicated that 47% of the community mobilizers are men, followed by transgender persons (32%), and women (21%). Responses of participants highlighted that alcohol consumption was the most observed form of SSU. The findings indicated that drug administration through injection was most common, followed by sniffing and swallowing. Sources of drug procurement enlisted by participants included peddlers, peer groups, sexual parties, medical and liquor stores. Only 63% of participants had fair knowledge about STIs such as HIV, viral hepatitis, syphilis, and gonorrhoea. All were familiar with the administration of naloxone injections and the locations of nearby hospitals where patients could be transported in the event of an overdose. Conclusions: This formative research demonstrated a knowledge gap in the community mobilizers regarding the latest substances of abuse, such as designer drugs, drug procurement sources, and various health issues associated with SSU. However, they were well aware of the drug overdose-related complications and basic first-aid procedures. The findings of the current study should be validated through multi-centric community-based research across the country.
Combined Fungicide Treatment Affects Soil Microbial Community and Incidences of Fungal Diseases on Wheat
Authors: Vasilchenko Alexey S. , Poshvina Darya V. , Semenov Mikhail , Timofeev Vyacheslav , Stepanov Artyom , Pervushina Arina , Vasilchenko Anastasia V.
Published: September 2022

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture as a pest control strategy. Despite the benefits of pesticides on crop yields, the persistence of chemical residues in soil have an unintended impact on non-targeted microorganisms. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the combined fungicide (difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, and kresoxim-methyl) on fungal and bacterial communities of Phaeozem. In the fungicide-treated soil, the Shannon index of both fungal and bacterial communities was decreased, while Chao1 index did not differ compared to the control soil. Among bacterial taxa, the relative abundance of Athrobacter, Sphingomicrobium, and Sphingomonas increased in fungicide-treated soil due to their ability to utilize fungicides and other toxic compounds. Rhizopus and plant-beneficial Chaetomium were the dominant fungal genera, which increased 2-4 times in the fungicide-treated soil, while the relative abundance of Mortierella and Talaromyces decreased. Fusarium acuminatum was the most abundant phytopathogenic fungus that causes root rot disease of wheat, but applied fungicide treatment decreased their diversity in the soil 2 times, which is consistent on the observed plants.
What do the Transcriptome and Proteome of Menstrual Blood-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Tell us about Endometriosis?
Authors: Penariol Letícia B. C. , Thomé Carolina H. , Tozetti Patrícia A. , Paier Carlos R. K. , Buono Fabiana O. , Peronni Kamila C. , Orellana Maristela D. , Covas Dimas T. , Moraes Maria E. A. , Silva-Jr Wilson A. , Rosa-e-Silva Júlio C. , Ferriani Rui A. , Faça Vitor M. , Poli-Neto Omero B. , Tiezzi Daniel G. , Meola Juliana
Published: September 2022

Given the importance of menstrual blood in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and the multifunctional roles of menstrual mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) in regenerative medicine, this issue has gained prominence in the scientific community. Moreover, recent reviews highlight how robust the integrated assessment of omics data is for endometriosis. To our knowledge, no study has applied the multi-omics approaches to endometriosis MenSCs. It is a case-control study at a university-affiliated hospital. MenSCs transcriptome and proteome data were obtained by RNA-seq and UHPLC-MS/MS detection. Among the differentially expressed proteins and genes, we emphasize ATF3, ID1, ID3, FOSB, SNAI1, NR4A1, EGR1, LAMC3, and ZFP36 genes and MT2A, TYMP, COL1A1, COL6A2, and NID2 proteins that were already reported in the endometriosis. Our functional enrichment analysis reveals integrated modulating signaling pathways such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (↑) and PI3K signaling via AKT to mTORC1 (↓in proteome), mTORC1 signaling, TGF beta signaling, TNFA signaling via NFkB, and response to hypoxia via HIF1A targets (↑in transcriptome). Our findings highlight primary changes in the endometriosis MenSCs, suggesting that the chronic inflammatory endometrial microenvironment can modulate these cells, providing opportunities for endometriosis etiopathogenesis. Moreover, they identify challenges for future research leveraging knowledge for regenerative and precision medicine in endometriosis.
Methodology for Assessing the Tourist Potential of the Nature of the Fergana Valley using GIS Technologies and Experimental Methods
Authors: Odiljon Tobirov
Published: September 2022

The article describes the methodology of the experimental analysis of operational and cost-effective assessment using geographic information system (GIS) technologies, as opposed to the assessment of the tourism potential of the nature of the Fergana Valley in Uzbekistan using long term and costly classical approaches. Based on the ArcGIS (10.8) grid index approach of 20 natural geographical indicators of the valley, such as geographical location, relief, climate, hydrographic and biological, the level of tourism comfort was determined and the location of 6 tourist-recreation zones were defined. The level of accuracy of the tourist-recreational zones all situated utilizing GIS technologies was confirmed by field-expedition approaches.
On the Use of a Non-Constant Non-Affine or Slip Parameter in Polymer Rheology Constitutive Modeling
Authors: Nikiforidis Vasileios-Martin , Tsalikis Dimitrios G. , Stephanou Pavlos S.
Published: September 2022

Since its introduction, back in the late 1970s, the non-affine or slip parameter, ξ, has been routinely employed by numerous constitutive models as a constant parameter. However, the evidence seems to imply that it should be a function of polymer deformation. In the present work, we phenomenologically modify a constitutive model for the rheology of unentangled polymer melts [P. S. Stephanou et al. J. Rheol. 53, 309 (2009)] to account for a non-constant slip parameter. The revised model predictions are compared against newly accumulated rheological data for a C48 polyethylene melt obtained via direct non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations in shear. We find that the conformation tensor data are very well predicted; however, the predictions of the material functions are noted to deviate from the NEMD data, especially at large shear rates.
Machine Learning-Based Improvement of Aerosol Optical Depth from CHIMERE Simulations using MODIS Satellite Observations
Authors: Lemmouchi Farouk , Cuesta Juan , Lachatre Mathieu , Brajard Julien , Coman Adriana , Beekman Matthias , Derognat Claude
Published: September 2022

We develop a machine learning (ML) approach for improving the accuracy of the horizontal dis-tribution of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) simulated by the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model over Northern Africa using Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) AOD satellite observations. These observations are used during the training phase of the ML method for deriving a regional bias correction of AODs simulated by CHIMERE. The results are daily maps of regional bias corrected AODs with full horizontal coverage over Northern Africa. We test four types of ML models: multiple linear regression (MLR), random forests (RF), gradi-ent boosting (XGB), and multiple layer perceptron networks (NN). We perform comparisons with satellite and independent ground-based observations of AOD that are not used in the training phase. They suggest that all models have overall comparable performances with a slight advantage of the RF model which expresses less spatial artifacts. While the method slightly underestimates the very high AODs, it significantly reduces biases and absolute errors, and clearly enhances linear correlations with respect to independent observations. This im-provement for deriving the AOD is particularly relevant for high dust pollution regions like the Sahara Desert, which dramatically lack ground-based measurements for validations of chemis-try-transport modeling which currently remains challenging and imprecise.
An In-vitro Study into the Inhibitory Effects of Etlingera elatior Flower Oil on Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms
Authors: Naushad Thahiya , Türetgen Irfan , Salim Sajna , Sugathan Shiburaj
Published: September 2022

The current study investigates the antibiofilm properties of essential oil extracted from the Flower of a Zingiber plant used in traditional medicines. EO from Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M Smith tested against one of the critical nosocomial pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii. The antibiofilm studies of Flower essential oil (FEO) by crystal violet staining method exhibited maximum inhibition of 80% at a concentration of 0.7% oil. The biochemical assays and microscopic analysis showed that the FEO significantly reduced extracellular polymeric substance production. Furthermore, FEO reduced the survival rate of A. baumannii in human blood. The chemical composition of extracted FEO was analyzed by Gas chromatography- Mass spectrometry. Dodecanal, 1-dodecanol, and alpha-pinene were identified as the major compounds. Concerning previous research, our study is the first investigation of the antibiofilm property of E. elatior flower oil. More detailed studies are required to identify the compound responsible for biofilm inhibition and its mode of action against A. baumannii biofilms.
Whey Protein, Soy Protein Isolate Hydrolysate, and Amino Acid Mixture in Adaptation to Physical Stress of Rats
Authors: Pozdnyakov Nikita , Molchanov Maxim , Ponomareva Tatyana , Rykov Vladimir , Lukin Alexander , Shilov Sergey , Sogorin Evgeny
Published: September 2022

Peptides of hydrolysates of food proteins are an easily digestible source of amino acids necessary for the body to adapt to physical stress. Commercially significant hydrolysates include whey protein, casein, and other animal proteins. Hydrolysates of plant proteins are gaining popularity, but they are less common, then animal ones. Soy protein isolate is promising for obtaining the hydrolysates due to its affordable price and balanced amino acid profile. However, there are no direct studies showing an improvement in the result of physical activity when eating soy protein isolate hydrolysate (SPIH). In this work, for the first time, the study was conducted on the safety and efficacy of SPIH during physical load on model animals (rats). It was shown that the hydrolysate did not lead to pathological changes in the viscera, food intake, and weight of animals did not differ from the control group (animals consumed whey protein). Under physical load rats enteral fed SPIH showed a tendency to adapt more quickly to physical stress than the control group and the group of animals that was fed by free amino acids. The metabolites of animal blood serum were studied by NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that by the 95th minute after feeding in the group of rats receiving SPIH, the difference of proteinogenic amino acids concentrations in blood between individuals was significantly less than in the groups receiving whey protein or a mixture of amino acids. In other words, individual biochemical and physiological characteristics of individuals did not affect the assimilation of amino acids of hydrolysate.
Avoiding Glenoid Baseplate Fixation Failure by Altering Surgical Technique for Varying Bone Densities
Authors: Achors Kyle , Diaz Miguel A. , Simon Peter , Hill Brent , Christmas Kaitlyn N. , Cronin Kevin J. , Frankle Mark A.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Glenoid baseplate failure is one of the causes of revision and poor outcomes in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The objective of this study was to determine whether alterations in surgical technique can improve time-zero fixation of the baseplate in varying bone densities. A secondary objective was to identify whether preoperative radiographic glenoid sclerosis width was associated with the implementation of these techniques.

Methods:

This study included a biomechanical analysis and a retrospective radiographic review. The biomechanical portion describes 2 alterations to the standard surgical technique (under-preparation [A1] or over-preparation [A2] of the central screw pilot hole) and determined their torque-compression relationship via bone-substitute blocks with varying densities. Patients who underwent the described technical alterations were identified from a registry database of primary RSAs performed between 2007 and 2020. These patients were matched to patients who underwent the standard surgical technique, and preoperative radiographs were compared. Interrater reliability testing was performed to determine reproducibility.

Results:

With respect to the biomechanical arm, the average compressive force of the baseplate in the low-density block model when using the standard technique was 112 N compared with 300 N for the A1 technique (p = 0.01). In the high-density bone model, the standard technique resulted in failure to seat the baseplate, or screw breakage. Performing the A2 technique, the baseplate was seated without failure, with an average compressive force of 450 N. In the clinical arm, retrospective intraoperative video review for use of the alternative techniques found 20 shoulders in the “low-density” cohort and 21 in the “high-density” cohort. There was a significant difference in the glenoid sclerosis thickness between the experimental and matched control groups in our “high-density” cohort (p = 0.0014). The interrater reliability coefficient was found to be 0.69 for the “low-density” glenoid sclerosis thickness measurement and 0.92 for the “high-density” measurement.

Conclusions:

In low- and high-density bone models, alterations in surgical technique significantly improved compression and improved the ability to successfully seat the glenoid baseplate. Preoperative radiographs can assist in indicating the alternative technique in the sclerotic glenoid.

Clinical Relevance:

Utilization of these techniques intraoperatively will improve time-zero fixation of the glenoid baseplate and potentially avoid failure of fixation.
Empire of the Self
Authors: Hall Kimberly
Published: September 2022

This article explores how lifestyle blogs use life writing to establish a professional persona and an aura of authenticity that is necessary for maintaining a community of readers. Utilizing close readings of lifestyle blogs across a spectrum of personas, I argue that these two purposes often come into conflict, creating a precarious dynamic for lifestyle bloggers that they attempt to manage through their use of the diary, which is deployed in two key ways. The first is through the use of the diaristic mode, a reflexive and revelatory discourse that disrupts the façade of the self-brand and underscores the blogger’s authenticity. The diary is also used as a prescriptive disciplinary practice in order to create didactic and formulaic narratives that can be readily consumed and replicated but that often result in a sense of inauthenticity.
Exploring the diversity of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on the islands of Vietnam: A survey of Phu Quoc Island, south of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Thi
Published: September 2022

Chrysomelidae on the islands of Vietnam has been poorly known. In this study, we investigated the diversity of Chrysomelidae on Phu Quoc Island in Kien Giang province, Southern Vietnam. Specimens were collected from Phu Quoc national park and the buffer zone forest. First, all specimens were ordered into a morph-species operational taxonomic unit (OTU). We collected 52 morphological OTUs of 31 genera and 5 subfamilies, 20 of which were identified as level species. Then, all morphological OTUs were extracted, amplified, and sequenced from the 658 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. A total of 63 DNA barcode sequences of 13 species and 27 morphological OTUs were successfully sequenced and assigned to 32 Barcode Index Numbers (BIN) in Bold. In the comparison, between morphological OTUs and BINs, the number of OTUs was reduced to 20 species and 24 OTUs (a total of 44 OTUs). The number of species on Phu Quoc Island is estimated to be 1.38x –1. 96x greater. A total of 32 BINs were generated from this study, 30 of which were new to Vietnam and 28 of which were new to BOLD. The results of this study provide the first document of the leaf beetle fauna on Phu Quoc island and the first DNA Barcoding data for Chrysomelidae from this region in Vietnam, as well as additional documents of leaf beetles on islands from another world
Evaluation of the parameters in predicting single-dose Methotrexate therapy success for ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Simsek Deniz , Urun Canan , Akın Hasan Yilmaz , Ilhan Olcay , Dincgez Burcu , Gencer Fatma Ketenci
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Methotrexate is a treatment option for ectopic pregnancy. Women who have utilized Methotrexate could need repeated doses or undergo an operation during follow-up. We aimed to evaluate the parameters that could affect Methotrexate success and to determine patients who could benefit from early doses of Methotrexate.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted with 439 patients diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancy. Women treated with Methotrexate successfully and patients need a second dose of Methotrexate or who underwent an operation were evaluated. Clinical, sonographic and laboratory findings were compared between groups.
Results
A total of 259 patients were urgently operated and 37 of them were operated on after Methotrexate. The number of patients treated successfully with single dose Methotrexate was 102, on days 1 and 7 administered Methotrexate was 22, and on days 1 and 4 administered was 19. The mean admission β-hCG level and day 4 to 1 β-hCG ratio were significantly different between operation and Methotrexate groups. The overall Methotrexate success was 79%. A β-hCG value of 2255 mIU/ml predicted the success with specificity of 68.5% and sensitivity of 70.3%. Comparison of groups with single-dose, additional dose, or operation exposed that day 4 to 1 β-hCG ratio was statistically different. A ratio of 95.5% predicted the success with a specificity of 72.5% and a sensitivity of 84.7%.
Conclusion
We suggest that the determination of the β-hCG level might help decide whether the patient should be hospitalized. Moreover, day 4 to 1 β-hCG ratio could be used for early intervention to increase treatment success.
Oral Health and Metabolic Syndrome: A population-based Persian Cohort Study
Authors: Banakar Niloofar , Vali Mohebat , Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Johari Masoumeh Ghoddusi , Ghaem Haleh
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
The most prevalent oral condition is tooth decay. Prior research sometimes points to a connection between certain systemic disorders and dental health state. Nevertheless, it is still debatable whether metabolic syndrome (Mets) poses a danger? As a result, the present study was carried out to explore the connection between DMFT and the MetS and its components.
Method:
This cross-sectional study was done on 10606 people aged 40 to 70 who participated in phase I of the Persian Kharameh cohort study from 2014 to 2017. Mets was defined according to the IDF definition. Multiple logistic and Poisson regression were conducted to evaluate the relationship between DMFT and MetS (its components). Moreover, the Random Forest model was used to depict the importance of covariates on the relationship with MetS and its components.
Results:
The mean age of the participants was 51.94 ± 8.27 years. Of the 10663 participants in the Kharameh cohort study, 4719 cases were males (44.26%). After controlling of confounders, with increasing DMFT, the odds of hypertension, elevated fasting plasma glucose, and reduced HDL cholesterol increased. Additionally, the random forest model showed that DMFT was an effective factor for central obesity and high blood pressure.
Conclusion:
The findings of this research demonstrated a significant relationship between DMFT and hypertension, elevated fasting plasma glucose, and reduced HDL cholesterol. Additionally, DMFT is more effective on the main components of MetS: central obesity and blood pressure than on MetS.
The right attitude is not enough: Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary school teachers regarding food allergy in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alomran Hanan , Alhassan Mohammed , Alqahtani Abdulhakim , Aldosari Salem , Alhajri Obaid , Alrshidi Khaled
Published: September 2022

Background: Food allergy (FA) is a serious condition that can lead to anaphylaxis and even death. It is on the increase among school-aged children. Since allergic reactions may happen at school, immediate intervention is required, which must be initiated by school personnel. This study investigates the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward FA among primary school teachers in Al-Kharj Governorate, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2021. A validated 34-item questionnaire was distributed electronically among primary school teachers in Al-Kharj using a multistage random sampling method, covering four sections (socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice, and attitude). SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the collected data.
Results: The study included 370 teachers: 54.3% were females, and 83.5% were Saudi. Overall knowledge and practice mean sores were low (6.2 ± 3.6 out of 22 and 2.1± 1.5 out of 8, respectively). The mean attitude score was high (18.0 ± 2.0 out of 20). Knowledge level was significantly higher among teachers with a family history of FA (p=0.001). Practice score was significantly higher among younger (p=0.008), non-Saudi, private school teachers, and newly working teachers (p=0.001). Female teachers had a significantly more positive attitude towards FA (p=0.03).
Conclusion: The competent health and legislative authorities should set the appropriate policies to ensure teachers are trained and re-trained in recognizing and managing acute FA-related anaphylactic events. An appropriate action plan for managing food-induced reactions should be in place at every school.
Extreme Sea Level Prediction Method Research Based on Hybrid NARX Model
Authors: Li Lianbo , Wu Wenhao , Zhang Wenjun , Zhu Zhenyu , Li Zhengqian , Wang Yihan , Niu Sen
Published: September 2022

The ocean occupies 70% of the world's surface area, and extreme changes in sea level can have an even greater impact on humans. Therefore, it is necessary to make an accurate advance prediction of extreme sea level. In this paper, a model with robustness, high accuracy and universal applicability has been constructed based on Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Exogenous (NARX) Neural Network. The data-set collected from several observation stations are selected as the input factors. Moreover, a neuron pruning strategy based on sensitivity analysis is also introduced. Because of this strategy, the model structure can be adjusted accordingly. Meanwhile, a modular prediction method is introduced based on the tide harmonic analysis data so as to make the model prediction results more accurate. At last, a hybrid extreme sea level prediction model, Pruned Modular (PM)-NARX, is constructed. In this paper, the model is trained by using historical data and used for extreme sea level prediction along the southern America in 2020. The simulations on MATLAB show that the correlation between the predicted data and the observed data is stable above 0.99 at 12h in advance. The prediction speed, accuracy, and stability are higher than those of conventional models. In addition, two sets of follow-up tests show that the prediction accuracy of the model can still maintain a high level. It can even be applied to other time-series prediction problems beyond extreme sea level prediction as well.
Genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling of ATP-binding cassette transporters in oomycetes
Authors: Lei Yingxia , Zhang Yan , Chen Youjun , Yang Ruiwu
Published: September 2022

Background： ABC transporters are a special family of membrane proteins and fulfill a multitude of functions. In plants, a few research have found ABC transporters acting as virulence factors in oomycete-plant interactions. However, previous studies have only focused on phylogenetic analysis of ABC transporters in particular species, and a comprehensive analysis has not been carried out. In this study, we examined 21 species genomes of oomycetes for phylogenetic and functional analysis of ABC transporters. Aim to find potential virulence factors in the interaction of plants and oomycetes.
Result：We identified 29~151 ABC transporter proteins in 21 species of oomycetes, and 965 were filtered in a phylogenetic analysis. The number of ABC transporters in biotrophic oomycetes was significantly lower than in hemi-biotrophic and necrotrophic oomycetes, and the number in Phytophthorawas the largest. Our analysis demonstrated that most oomycete ABC transporters are highly conserved, while others show remarkable group-specific diversification. The ABCA group III and ABCB half-size II proteins clustered with bacteria, appearing to be derived from horizontal transfer events from bacterial genomes. The ABCG subfamily was the most expanded group in oomycetes. The number of ABCD subfamily members was the smallest and was highly conserved in oomycetes. The structural characteristics of ABC proteins indicate diverse structural types in each of the ABC subfamilies. A heatmap was used to analyze the expression of ABC transporters. ABC transporters were expressed in middle and late stages, which represent biotrophic and necrotrophic phases, with the exception of some ABCB transporters being highly expressed in early stage. This suggests that ABC proteins expressed in middle and late stages may participate in host disease and cause host cell death.
Conclusions: In this study, 965 proteinswere filtered in a phylogenetic analysis from 21 species of oomycete representing three different lifestyles. Meanwhile, we also analysis of oomycete ABC proteins provides insight into the diversity of the five subfamilies among the main oomycete lineages. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of the ABC transporter family, and provides an important platform for in-depth analysis of oomycete-plant interactions and a database for identifying pathogenic factors in oomycetes.
Effect of Social Support on Anxiety of Medical Staff One Year after COVID-19 Outbreak: A Moderated Mediating Model
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhong Xiao , Fu Haojie , Hu Ruilin , He Mengting , Zhang Guanzhi
Published: September 2022

One year after the outbreak of the COVID-19, medical staff are facing high anxiety due to multiple work stresses, while they are also receiving more social support than ever before. Social support has become a protective factor for health care workers' anxiety symptoms, but the exact mechanism of action is not yet known. Based on the buffering model, this study aims to explore the impact and mechanisms of action of health care workers' perception of social support (PSS) on anxiety symptoms in the context of the epidemic and to further explore how emotional sensation of risk(ESR) and resilience play their influence. To this end, this study measured 839 health care workers and 322 civil servants using an online questionnaire from 4 February to 1 March 2021. The results found that (1) PSS was significantly higher among healthcare workers than other civil servants; (2) PSS among healthcare workers negatively predicted anxiety symptoms; (3) ESR partially mediated the relationship between PSS and anxiety symptoms; (4) resilience moderated the first half of the pathway in the model of PSS through ESR on anxiety symptoms. The emotional perception of the epidemic in individuals with high resilience decreases significantly with the increase of PSS, while this change is not significant in individuals with low resilience.
Invisible gold in the Archean detrital sulphides of the Witwatersrand tailings dumps: A large and under-exploited gold resource
Authors: Chingwaru Steve , Heyden Bjorn Von der , Tadie Margreth
Published: September 2022

The tailings dumps originating from gold mining in South Africa’s Witwatersrand still contain notable gold endowments. Most tailings reprocessing operations target a native gold fraction using re-milling and carbon-in-leach extraction; however, up to 50-70% of the remaining gold is still not recoverable and instead reports to a discard stream along with abundant sulphides. The mineralogical deportment of this unrecoverable gold requires detailed investigation. Using in situ laser ablation mineral chemistry measurements, we show that this gold that is ‘invisible’ to conventional recovery is hosted preferentially in pyrite and arsenian pyrite. Importantly, complementary optical and electron microscopies reveal that the rounded detrital forms of these minerals contain the highest gold concentrations (0,01–2730 ppm), showing some similarity to values reported for sulphides from primary orogenic gold deposits found in surrounding Archean-aged granite-greenstone belt remnants. We suggest that detrital auriferous sulphides have been overlooked by historical primary and secondary beneficiation, and thus represent a large (up to 420 tons) and under-exploited Au resource currently residing in easily-mined (surficial) Witwatersrand tailings dumps. We further suggest that targeted re-mining of sulphide mineral fraction has the potential to improve gold recovery, recuperate ‘sweetener’ by-product metals (e.g., Cu, Co, Ni) and directly eliminate heavy metal pollution and acid mine drainage issues associated with surficial tailings dumps.
Investigating influencing factors and risk prediction of sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Waning Jia , Liu Yang , Wenwen He , Xulei Hao , Lu Zhang
Published: September 2022

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to investigate the factors associated with sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to make risk predictions based on this.Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, 268 ESRD patients from a tertiary hospital hemodialysis unit in Beijing were selected as the study population. Combining patients' general information and laboratory data, the sleep status and related information of hemodialysis patients were investigated according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Inventory (PSQI) and a self-administered questionnaire to scientifically assess the sleep quality of patients. SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to conduct frequency analysis of the collected data to count the composition ratio of each factor, correlation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis methods to screen and analyze the influencing factors related to patients' sleep quality.Results: 268 hemodialysis patients had a PSQI score of (9.63±5.05), of which 113 (42.16%) patients had a PSQI score ≥11. The correlation analysis revealed that age on dialysis, work status, and the presence of emergency/hospitalization in the last month were associated with sleep quality in hemodialysis patients (P < 0.05); the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age on dialysis (OR = 1.27, 95% CI (1.11, 1.46)) was a risk factor for sleep quality in MHD patients; being employed (OR = 0.56, 95% CI (0.35, 0.89)) and no emergency/inpatient experience in the last month (OR=0.41, 95% CI (0.27, 0.70)) were protective factors for sleep quality in MHD patients. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed that patients' corresponding sleep problems were, in order, difficulty falling asleep, need for sleeping medication, inefficient sleep, sleep duration not meeting their needs, poor daytime functioning, and poor self-perceived sleep quality, but the sleep disorder component was relatively low in severity in this study.
Conclusion: The longer the age of dialysis, non-employment and recent emergency/hospitalization experience have an impact on the sleep quality of hemodialysis patients, and targeted psychological care and comfort care should be taken to encourage them to take appropriate exercise and exercise according to their physical condition, adjust their psychological status, avoid risk factors in advance, and strengthen protective factors to help improve patients' negative emotions and sleep quality, thus improving hemodialysis patients' quality of life The quality of life of hemodialysis patients can be improved.
Prevalence of oral premalignant lesions in the area with the highest prevalence of gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Zokaee Haleh , Samadaei Mahdis , Zahmati Amir Hossein Akbari , Roshandel Gholamreza
Published: September 2022

Background:Cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of death worldwide today. According to the previous researches in Iran, out of 131,191 new cancer cases reported in 2020, 1139 cases were related to mouth and lip cancer. The timely and prompt diagnosis of this disease reduces mortality, increases longevity, reduces damage to adjacent structures, reduces financial costs, and unwanted side effects. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral premalignant lesions in the oral cavity and the factors related to it in Golestan province.Methods:In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 1900 Iranian subjects living in Golestan province, regardless of gender, aged 40 and above, participated voluntarily and randomly. Subjects included 719 males (37.8%) and 1181 females (62.2%). Initially, a questionnaire containing demographic information, assessment of habits and risk factors was completed for each patient in an interview form, followed by oral examination on all patients. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square test, Student t-test, (One-Way ANOVA) in SPSS 22.Results: The mean age of these individuals was 49.5 ± 10.3 years and the highest premalignant lesions were observed in the age range of 70-80 years. Of the 1900 participants, 69 (3.6%) had pre-malignant lesions. Among the pre-malignant lesions, the prevalence of lichen planus was 49.28%, leukoplakia was 14.49%, and the suspected malignancy was 18.8%. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the use of tobacco with the development of pre-malignant lesions (p <0.01). Cigarette alone showed the highest association with the development of pre-malignant lesions.Conclusions:In this study, there was a significant relationship between risk factors such as age, ethnicity and smoking with the development of premalignant lesions in people. However, risk factors such as alcohol consumption and family history did not show a significant relationship.
Curie surface of the East China Sea estimated from the spectral analysis of satellite magnetic data
Authors: LU Baoliang , GAO Xinyu , SU Ziwang
Published: September 2022

The present work aims to estimate the Curie surface depth and its relationship with seismic activities in the East China Sea using EMAG2 magnetic data. Equitable promising geological results were achieved by applying the power spectral method to the magnetic anomalies. First, the total intensity magnetic map was reduced to the north magnetic pole, so as to correct the shape and position of different magnetic anomalies over their causative bodies. Second, the short wavelength contributions were attenuated to enhance the deeper long wavelengths related to the deep magnetic sources by means of upward continuation. Spectral analysis indicates that the Curie surface depth of the area varies between 21 and 35 km, with an average of about 27.5 km. In addition, the calculated heat flow alters between 42 and 68 mW/m2, which is consistent with the available heat flow data. In accordance with the statistical data of the seismic activities of earthquakes with magnitudes above 3.0 in the study area since 2012, the distribution of the Curie surface shows significant positive correlations with the seismic activities. The epicentral position is found to generally be located near the gradient zone of the Curie surface and in the areas of the shallower Curie depth. It is speculated that this phenomenon has a close relationship with the equivalent viscosity coefficient of the lithostratigraphy of the area, which has been influenced by temperature anomalies on both sides of the gradient zone of the Curie surface.
Triptans and ergotamine decreased the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in female migraine patients in the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort.
Authors: Kim Yonghwan , Shin Sang-Jun , Lee Jae-woo , Kim Ye-Seul , You Hyo-Sun , Kim Joungyoun , Kang Hee-Taik
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Triptans and ergotamine are commonly used to treat migraine, a risk factor for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the association between migraine and ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). Further analyses were performed to examine whether symptom-relieving treatment of migraine with triptans and ergotamine reduces ischemic CCVD in migraineurs.
Methods: Participants were divided into patients reporting headache without migraine (HA), migraineurs who received at least one prescription for triptans or ergotamine (TE), and migraineurs who were prescribed neither triptans nor ergotamine (NTNE). Ischemic CCVDs comprised ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Using cox proportional hazards regression models, primary and secondary analysis for risk of ischemic CCVDs was compared.
Results: The median follow-up was 6.65 years. The overall incidence rate of CCVDs was 4,728/38,590 (12.25%) in females and 3,158/23,682 (13.33%) in males. Compared with the HA group, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) of the TE and NTNE groups for ischemic CCVDs were 1.18 (1.01–1.39) and 1.39 (1.28–1.50), respectively, in males, and 1.22 (1.09–1.37) and 1.53 (1.42–1.65), respectively, in females, after full adjustment for confounding variables. Compared with the NTNE group, the HRs (95% CIs) of the TE group for ischemic CCVDs were 0.86 (0.73–1.00) in males and 0.80 (0.72–0.88) in females.
Conclusions: Migraine increased the risk of ischemic CCVDs in both sexes, but female migraineurs treated with triptans and ergotamine were at lower risk of ischemic CCVDs than female migraineurs who did not take those medications.
A Traffic Density-based Congestion Control Method for Vehicular Communication Environment
Authors: Subramaniam Mahendrakumar , Krishnan Vanitha
Published: September 2022

This research presents a Vehicles ID-based Congestion Aware Message (CAM) for beacon signals in the vehicle environment. The MAC protocol of the vehicle environment and enhanced vehicle ID-based analysis model is given. With the automobile ID embedded in their separate CAMs, the model weights the randomized back-off numbers chosen by cars engaging in the back-off procedure. That leads to identifying a vehicle ID-based randomized back-off code, which reduces the likelihood of a collision due to the identical back-off number. A Traffic Density-Based Congestion Control Algorithm (TDCCA) is suggested in this research. The revised mathematical approach surpasses the previous work's overall packet latency because the congestion control is based on the network traffic. The study includes a congestion management method that adjusts the rate of CAM transmitted over the host controller to improve the efficiency of the model parameters. The technique considers various circumstances, from nonsaturated to substantially saturated networks (in terms of congestion probability) and sparsely dispersed and teemed networks (in the form of vehicular intensity). The technique is run across various automobile ID-based back-off values for results analysis. The simulation outcomes in terms of packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, delay, success rate, and collision ensure the effectiveness of the TDCCA method. Even at high traffic densities, the automobile ID-based CAM method outperforms the typical fixed CAM with IEEE 802.11p, according to simulation findings for all back-off figures.
Stationary distribution of a reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus infection model driven by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Liang Guizhen , Chang Kangkang
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we investigate a reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection model with mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. For the model, the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution are proved, and the sufficient conditions is given of stationary distribution of solution. Finally, the existence of the stationary distribution is verified by numerical simulation, and the influence of noise intensity on disease was given. At the same time, it can also be observed that infected cells and viruses are susceptible to stochastic factors. Therefore, in order to better control the development of the disease, external interference of viruses and infected cells can be avoided or reduced as much as possible.
Outcomes of patients with exomphalos and associated congenital heart diseases
Authors: Elhedai Huzeifa , Arul G Suren , Yong Sanfui , Nagakumar Prasad , Kanthimathinathan Hari Krishnan , Jester Ingo , Chaudhari Milind , Jones Timothy J , Stumper Oliver , Seale Anna N
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Exomphalos is an anterior abdominal wall defect resulting in herniation of contents into the umbilical cord. Severe associated chromosomal anomalies and congenital heart disease (CHD) are known to influence mortality, but it is not clear which cardiac anomalies have the greatest impact on survival. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the treatment and outcome of patients with exomphalos over a 30-year period (1990–2020), with a focus on those with the combination of exomphalos major and major CHD (EMCHD). Results: There were 123 patients with exomphalos identified, 59 (48%) had exomphalos major (ExoMaj) (defect > 5 cm or containing liver), and 64 (52%) exomphalos minor (ExoMin). In the ExoMaj group; 17% had major CHD (10/59), M: F 28:31, 29% premature (< 37 weeks, 17/59) and 14% had low birth-weight (< 2.5 kg, 8/59). The 5-year survival was 20% in the EMCHD group versus 90% in the ExoMaj with minor or no CHD [p < 0.0001]. Deaths in the EMCHD had mainly right heart anomalies and all of them required mechanical ventilation for pulmonary hypoplasia prior to cardiac intervention. In contrast, survivors did not require mechanical ventilation prior to cardiac intervention. Conclusion: EMCHD is associated with high mortality. The most significant finding was high mortality in those with right heart anomalies in combination with pulmonary hypoplasia, especially if pre-intervention mechanical ventilation is required.
Predicting postoperative delirium after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients using machine learning
Authors: Chen Daiyu , Wang Weijia , Wang Siqi , Tan Minghe , Su Song , Wu Jiali , Yang Jun , Li Qingshu , Tang Yong , Cao Jun
Published: September 2022

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and severe complication after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients. We aim to develop and validate a machine learning method that determines essential features related to postoperative delirium and predicts POD after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients.
Methods: We reviewed preoperative and intraoperative clinical data and laboratory tests of hip arthroplasty elderly patients between January 2017 and April 2021 in Orthopedics of First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) was administered to the patients in their perioperative period. Machine learning algorithms were trained to predict the POD and determine leading features. The predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score.
Results: 476 arthroplasty elderly patients (POD = 86, non-POD = 390) with general anesthesia were included in this study, and the combination of feature selection method mutual information (MI) and linear binary classifier using logistic regression (LR) achieved an encouraging performance (AUC = 0.94, ACC = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.85, specificity = 0.90, F1-score = 0.87) on a balanced test dataset.
Conclusion: The machine learning (ML) model could predict POD for arthroplasty elderly patients with satisfying accuracy and revealed the major risk factors of suffering POD such as age, Cystatin C, GFR, CHE, CRP, LDH, monocyte count (MONO), history of mental illness or psychotropic drug use and intraoperative blood loss. Proper preoperative interventions for these factors could assist clinicians in reducing the incidence of POD in arthroplasty elderly patients.