bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Justo García Soriano, Los dos "don Quijotes". Investigaciones acerca de la génesis de "El ingenioso hidalgo" y de quién pudo ser Avellaneda. Toledo, 1944, 292 págs. numeradas.
Authors: Avalle-Arce Juan Bautista
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Los dos "don Quijotes". Investigaciones acerca de la génesis de "El ingenioso hidalgo" y de quién pudo ser Avellaneda.
Pedro Laín Entralgo, La Generación del Noventa y Ocho. Madrid, 1945, 460 págs.
Authors: Gilman Stephen
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La Generación del Noventa y Ocho.
¿Don Quijote asceta?
Authors: Hatzfeld Helmut Anthony
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
La "Numancia"
Authors: Casalduero Joaquín
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Sobre el carácter histórico del "Cantar de mio Cid"
Authors: Spitzer Leo
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Hans Janner, La glosa en el siglo de oro. Una antología. Colección "Ene", Madrid, 1946, 95 págs.
Authors: Gili Gaya Samuel
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La glosa en el siglo de oro. Una antología.
Francisco Imperial y las violencias sevillanas de 1391
Authors: Place Edwin B.
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Sobre la difusión de la leyenda del purgatorio de San Patricio en España
Authors: Avalle-Arce Juan Bautista
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Henri François Muller, L'époque mérovingienne. Essai de synthese de phílologie et d'histoire. New York, S. F. Vanni, 1945, 304 págs.
Authors: Furman Sas Louis
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: L'époque mérovingienne. Essai de synthese de phílologie et d'histoire.
Libro de Buen Amor, 699c: "estas viejas troyas"
Authors: Clavería Carlos
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Tirso y El romance de Angélica y Medoro
Authors: Avalle-Arce Juan Bautista
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Formas de insipidum en latín y sus derivados españoles
Authors: Bénichou Paul
Published: September 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Augusto Magne, A Demanda do Santo Graal. Rio de Janeiro, Imprensa Nacional, 1944, 3 vols.
Authors: Rodrigues Lapa Manuel
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó: A Demanda do Santo Graal.
Jorge de Montemayor, Los siete libros de la Diana. Prólogo, edición y notas de Francisco López Estrada. Colección Clásicos castellanos; Madrid, 1946, xcvi + 304 págs.
Authors: Gilí Gaya Samuel
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Los siete libros de la Diana.
Small RNA sequencing and differential expression of miRNAs in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lye Kwan-Liang , Sidik Shiran Mohd , Rahman Sabariah Abdul , Cheah Yoke-Kqueen
Published: September 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that are involved in various cellular processes. Many studies have shown that miRNAs are dysregulated in various types of cancer. In Malaysia, there are no published studies on miRNA expression profile for colorectal cancer, which is among the most common cancer here and other parts of the world. Next-generation sequencing platform was introduced in recent years and has revolutionized the biomedical research settings. In this study, we performed small RNA sequencing on Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform and found that 22 miRNAs were significantly differential expressed between cancer and normal tissues. Further validation on qRT-PCR on 5 of the miRNAs selected showed 3 of them were up-regulated (hsa-miR-106a, hsa-miR-135b, hsa-miR-21) while 2 were down-regulated (hsa-miR1, hsa-miR-504). These findings may lead to a simple profiling method to distinguish the risk of imdividuals in developing colorectal cancer.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Simarouba amara Aubl. Fruit Extract and their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Dugganaboyana Guru Kumar , Eranna Chaitra Kyasandra
Published: September 2017

The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a cost-effective and environmentally benign technique for therapeutic applications. Nanomedicine utilizes biocompatible nanomaterials for diagnostic and therapeutic potential for various biomedical applications. Different biological methods are gaining recognition over the physical and chemical methods of synthesis for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to their multiple applications. The present study describes the synthesis of AgNPs using the fruit extract of Simaroubaamara (S. amara)followed by characterization of AgNPswas done using different methods, which include; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) wherein it shows absorption peak at 410 nm confirming the AgNPs, from dynamic light scattering (DLS) the average particle size is 80nm with crystalline structure confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and zeta potential analysis shows the positive polarity of the particle favoring the drug targeting. The powder X-ray diffraction study (PXRD) revealed crystalline nature with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were also tested for antioxidant therein the particles could scavenge the stable free radical 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) of about 80% to that of positive control butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and antimicrobial studies indicated its microbicidal efficacy against both Gram positive and negative clinical pathogens. It could be concluded that Simaroubaamara fruit extract can be used efficiently in the production of potential antioxidant and antimicrobial AgNPs for commercial application.
Comparative Study of Mucoadhesive Vaginal Film and Tablet of Curcumin
Authors: K. Kawathe N. , D. Nanadgude T. , S. Poddar S.
Published: September 2017

Vaginal candidiasis is a common condition and up to 75% of women suffer at least one episode of this infection during their life time. Candida albicans is the most important cause of this, accounting for over 80% of the infections.Curcumin is a phytochemical, a component of folklore medicine since ages. Ithas been investigated as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antifungal.Mucoadhesion has been propose for a variety of local as well as systemic purposes. Systems like tablets, films, gels, liquids and multiparticulates have been employed successfully. The objective of the present work was to formulate mucoadhesive vaginal film and tablet of Curcumin for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis is, and compare their performance. Film was cast by solvent evaporation method while tablet was prepared by direct compression. Both formulations were designed by using Xanthan gum and HPMC K15M. Evaluation and comparison was accomplished through parameters like mucoadhesion, drug release and zone of inhibition. Mucoadhesive strength of film was better at0.37mJ.Drug release found was 90-95% for film while 80-85% for tablet in 12 h.Antimicrobial study of film showed better performance than tablet against Candida albicans. The study reflected mucoadhesive curcumin films would be a better choice than tablets for vaginal candidiasis.
Adverse Drug Reactions Viewpoints, and Reporting Status in Selected Ten Selected Developing Countries: A Brief Commentary
Authors: Haque Mainul
Published: September 2017

The World Health Organisation defines in 1972 an Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) as a response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in humans for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modification of physiological function. Edwards and Aronson in 2000 recommend the subsequent definition an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product, which predicts hazard from future administration and warrants prevention or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product. Very restricted number (500-3000) of people or patient with cautiously, judiciously, and carefully chosen during medicine development stage for testing efficacy and safety of every medicine. There are no pharmacological agents or medicines that are effective to cure or prevent or control any disease is free of adverse effects. The thalidomide tragedy becomes visible in the late 1950s and early 1960s highlighted the inevitability generate the necessity and idea of a national and international program for post-marketing surveillance schemes to monitor the safety of medicines. The countries selected from Asia and conveniently. The articles were selected on basis of browsing in google and google scholar. This review has identified that these developing countries have achieved somewhat improvement but long way to go attain a high standard like of developed countries. Almost all studies reported that diverse educational interventions among varied health care professionals were the sole remedy for reporting ADRs.
Immunization Status of Children in Abbottabad, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Raza Moshin , Azhar Saira , Murtaza Ghulam , Syed Akash , Khan Anam , Saleem Fahad
Published: September 2017

Objective: Recent studies and surveys are detecting an ambiguous trend of routine immunization coverage and fully immunized children in KPK. Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to access immunization status among children of age group 12-23 months visiting fixed EPI centers in primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities in rural and urban areas. Methods: The study covered 436 children in five health facilities. Five fixed EPI centers are visited as per office order: BBS teaching hospital Abbottabad. (DHQ), Women and children hospital Abbottabad. (THQ), Type D hospital Havelain, Basic Heath Unit (BHU) Mangal and Ayub teaching hospital Abbottabad (AMI). A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Analysis was performed on SPSS version 23 for frequencies, cross tabulation and percentages. Results: Estimation recorded fully immunized children as 275 (63.1%), partially immunized as 155 (35.6%), and unimmunized as 6 (1.3%). Only 157 (36.1%) children in rural area were fully immunized compared to 118 (27.1%) in urban. Primary respondents were mothers 320 (73.4%) whereas, father and other respondents are almost 13%. Vaccination cards were available with 386 (88.5%) respondents. High proportion of partially immunized children 77% in BHU. However, unimmunized 1.96% and 4.4% children in AMI and Type D hospital were present. Moreover 67% partially immunized are from rural origin. The coverage of various vaccines was BCG 421 (96.6%), Pentavalent 403 (96.6%): Penta-1 60 (13.8%), Penta-2 38 (8.7%), Penta-3 305 (70.0%), and Measles 375 (86.0%): Measles-1 127 (29.1%), Measles-2 248 (56.9%), and Polio 430 (98.6%): Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV-0) 51 (11.7%), OPV-1 32 (7.3%), OPV-2 44 (10.1%), OPV-3 165 (37.8%), Injectable polio vaccine (IPV) 138 (31.7%), Pneumococcal 409 (93.8%): Pneumo-1 75 (17.2%), Pneumo-2 46 (10.1%), Pneumo-3 288 (66.1%). No Sex-wise discrimination was found. Conclusion: Hard work in policy making is needed to strengthen routine immunization programme in marginalized areas like rural areas (83.12% of KPK and 62.5% of Pakistan) with special emphasis on BHUs and groups such as those living in mountainous terrain. Inaccessibility, inconvenience and unavailability of timely EPI services at BHUs are among various reasons of unimmunized and partially immunized children. Targeted intervention are needed with special emphasis on people in slum and rural areas with low educational and socioeconomic status.
Design, Development and Invivo Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Cardiovascular Drug Loaded Nano Structured Lipid Carrier System
Authors: Raj Selvaraj Brito , Chandrasekhar KothapalliBonnoth , Reddy KesavanBhaskar
Published: September 2017

The Present investigation is to design, develop and optimize the Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) containing cardiovascular drug by various independent variables like formulation variables (concentration of phospholipids, surfactants, co-surfactant) and process variables (homogenization time and ultrasonication time). The objective of this research is to choose the suitable and reproducible technique for the formulation of NLC based on dependent variables like Particle Size (PS) in nm, Polydispersity Index (PDI), Zeta potential (ZP) in mV and Entrapment efficiency (EE%) by applying Box Behnken design utilizing - Multiple linear regression method (Design expert 9 software, stat-ease, Inc. USA) and another objective is to prove the enhancement of bioavailability of drug in developed NLC. Comparative invivo pharmacokinetic studies was carried out to determine AUC, Cmax, Tmax , Ke, Vd between drug loaded NLC and commercially available dosage form to prove the enhancement of bioavailability in NLC. From the results obtained, it was concluded that hot homogenization was an optimized technique for the preparation of NLC containing carvedilol and NLC shows better bioavailability when compare to commercial formulation. This data was related to the research project sanctioned by Department of science and technology (DST) entitled “Development of Lipid Nanoparticles Enriched Hydrogels for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Formulation, In vitro Characterization and Pharmacodynamic studies in Animals”
Design, Development and Optimization of Pulsatile Core in Cup Tablets of Naproxen
Authors: Patel Rutu H. , Hameed ImadHadi , Patel Kunal N. , Patel Madhabhai M.
Published: September 2017

The aim of the present study to prepare Pulsatile release tablet of naproxen for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The drug delivery system was designed to deliver the drug at a time when it could be most needful for the patient. Drug excipient compatibility studies were carried out using DSC and found to be compatible with each other. Pulsatile tablet was prepared by direct compression method using different type and amount of superdisintegrants and coating polymers and evaluated for pre and post compression parameters. Box Behnken design was applied to optimize responses. Concentrations of Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) (X1), Ethyl cellulose (EC) (X2), and HPMC K100M (X3) were selected as independent variables while Lag time (Y1) and % drug release at 8 hrs (Y2) were selected as dependent variables. The prepared tablets were evaluated for post compression parameters and results indicated that concentration of SSG has major effect on in vitro drug release while concentration of EC and HPMC K100M has major effect on Lag time. Batch BE13 prepared with SSG 35mg, EC 175mg, and HPMC K100M 75 mg was found to be best batch as it achieves predetermined lag time of 5 hr 02 min and 99.32% of drug release. There was no significant variation in formulation at the end of six month accelerated stability study.
Development and Validation of Stability Indicating HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of LevocloperastineFendizoate and Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Patel Sankalp , Tandel Jinal , Shah Samir
Published: September 2017

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate stability indicating HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of LevocloperastineFendizoate (LCP) and Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM). HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of both drugs was developed and validated according to ICH guideline. Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on ODS column C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using the optimized mobile phase. Stability indicating assay method was carried out by different stress degradation conditions.
In HPLC method, the Retention time for LCP and CPM was 3.173 min and 5.060 min using optimized mobile phase Phosphate buffer (pH-3.5): Methanol (60:40 %v/v) and UV detection at 273 nm. The degradation of LCP, CPM and Formulation was shown to be highest in alkaline condition. Linearity was observed in concentration range of 20-80 μg/ml for LCP and 4-16 μg/ml for CPM. The correlation coefficient of LCP and CPM were respectively 0.9992 and 0.9994. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range. The LOD and LOQ values for HPLC method were found to be 0.146 μg/ml and 0.444 μg/ml for LCP and 0.0113 μg/ml and 0.0344 μg/ml for CPM respectively. The Method validation parameters showed %RSD value less than 2.
Critical Literature Review: Preparation Strategies
Authors: Hassan Syed Tajuddin Bin Syed , Mehrdad Jalalian , Elias Saliza Mohd
Published: September 2017

The imperative needs for, and characteristics of an effective critical literature review, provide the foreground baseline deliberation. A visual model depicting synthesized major modular components of a research project delineate impact points of literature review inputs. The three major modules represent preparation, data capture, and data rendering-analysis-interpretation phases of research. Within each module, the literature review elements to be incorporated are elaborated. Steps and optimal articulation-action strategies are highlighted and embedded with examples from literature and theses. Development of competency and efficacy in critiquing and evaluating, which comprised mandatory skills to acquire, is especially focussed.
Bots políticos en Twitter en la campaña presidencial #Ecuador2017
Authors: Puyosa Iria
Published: September 2017

Estudiamos el comportamiento de las etiquetas de campaña en Twitter en la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales Ecuador 2017. En el estudio se analizan 10 etiquetas de ataque a los adversarios que fueron trending topics. Los datos fueron capturados y analizados con NodeXL, aplicación para análisis de redes sociales. El análisis verifica el rol central en el posicionamiento de las etiquetas que tuvieron las cuentas automatizadas o botnets. Se registra mayor eficacia en la campaña contra el binomio opositor, que combinó cuentas reales de activistas del partido de gobierno con botnets, frente a la campaña menos coordinada de la oposición contra el candidato Lenín Moreno. También se verifica el uso de botnets localizados, principalmente en Argentina y Venezuela.
The Optimum-efficiency Beam Multiplier for an Arbitrary Number of Output Beams and Power Distribution
Authors: Frezza Fabrizio , Marciniak Marian , Pajewski Lara
Published: September 2017

This paper deals with phase gratings working in the paraxial domain. The profile of the optimum-efficiency beam multiplier with an arbitrary number of output diffraction orders is derived in an analytic form by exploiting methods from the calculus of variation. The output beams may be equi-intense or with arbitrary distribution of power. Numerical examples are given for different values of the number of output beams.
Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays with Phase-only Control in the Presence of Near-field Nulls
Authors: Buttazzoni Giulia , Vescovo Roberto
Published: September 2017

In this paper an effective iterative method is presented for the power synthesis of reconfigurable antenna arrays. The algorithm is suitable for arrays of arbitrary geometry, including the case where a large number of elements is involved. The reconfigurability is achieved by phase-only control, so that the excitation amplitude of each array element remains constant during the reconfiguration process. Such amplitudes may be different from one array element to the others, and they are not assigned a priori, but are optimized. Furthermore, the electric field is imposed to vanish in a number of prescribed points of the near-field region, so that a strong field reduction is obtained in a neighborhood of them.
Analytical Investigation on a New Approach for Achieving Deep Penetration in a Lossy Medium: The Lossy Prism
Authors: Frezza Fabrizio , Simeoni Patrizio , Tedeschi Nicola
Published: September 2017

Recent studies highlighted deep-penetration prop-erties of inhomogeneous waves at the interface between a loss-less and a lossy medium. Such waves can be generated bymeans of radiating structures known as Leaky-Wave Anten-nas (LWAs). Here, a different approach is proposed basedon the use of a lossy prism capable to generate an inhomo-geneous wave when illuminated by a homogeneous wave. Thelossy prism is conceived and designed thinking of Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR). The results achieved by the lossyprism will be compared with those obtained by means of a pre-viously designed LWA that was created with the identical ob-jective. The approach of this paper is purely theoretical, andit aims at providing basic ideas and preliminary results usefulfor an innovative LWA design.
Influence of Chirped DBR Reflector on the Absorption Efficiency of Multi-nanolayer Photovoltaic Structures: Wavelength-scale Analysis by the Method of Single Expression
Authors: Baghdasaryan Hovik , Knyazyan Tamara , Hovhannisyan Tamara , Mardoyan Gurgen , Marciniak Marian , Benson Trevor
Published: September 2017

An electromagnetic wavelength-scale analysis of the optical characteristics of multi-nanolayer photovoltaic (PV) structures: without an antireflection coating, with an antireflection coating on the top of the structure, and with both the antireflection coating on the top and a broadband non-periodic (chirped) distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) on the bottom of the structure is performed. All the PV structures studied are based on a Si p-i-n type absorber supported by a metallic layer (Cu) and SiO2 substrate. The top-to-bottom electromagnetic analysis is performed numerically by the method of single expression (MSE). Absorbing and reflecting characteristics of the multi-nanolayer PV structures are obtained. The influence of the thicknesses and permittivities of the layers of the PV structures on the absorbing characteristics of the structures is analyzed to reveal favourable configurations for enhancement of their absorption efficiency. The localizations of the electric component of the optical field and the power flow distribution within all the PV structures considered are obtained to confirm an enhancement of the absorption efficiency in the favorable configuration. The results of the electromagnetic wavelength-scale analysis undertaken will have scientific and practical importance for optimizing the operation of thin-filmmulti-nanolayer PV structures incorporating a chirped DBR reflector with regards to enhancing their efficiency.
Multiple-ring Circular Array for Ground-Penetrating Radar Applications: Basic Ideas and Preliminary Results
Authors: Vescovo Roberto , Pajewski Lara
Published: September 2017

In this paper, the possibility of using a multiple-ring circular array as an antenna array for Ground-Pene-trating Radar systems is investigated. The theory behind theproposed idea is presented. The preliminary numerical re-sults that are obtained suggest that the proposed congura-tion is promising. It allows achieving a wide frequency bandand low dynamic range ratio of excitations, thus simplifyingthe feeding network. Further interesting requirements maybe satised by exploiting a combination of deterministic andstochastic synthesis techniques to design the array.
Crowdsourced Urban Package Delivery
Authors: Miller John , Nie Yu (Marco) , Stathopoulos Amanda
Published: September 2017

Crowdsourced shipping presents an innovative shipping alternative that is expected to improve shipping efficiency, increase service, and decrease cost to the customer, and such shipping promises to enhance the sustainability of the transportation system. This study collected data on behavioral responses to choose from available crowdsourced shipping jobs. The goal of the study was to measure the potential willingness of individuals to change status from pure commuters to traveler–shippers. In particular, the study quantified potential crowdsourced shippers’ value of free time, or willingness to work (WTW) in a hypothetical scenario in which crowdsourced shipping jobs were available in a variety of settings. This WTW calculation is unique compared with the traditional willingness to pay (WTP) in that it measured the trade-off of making a profit and giving up time instead of spending money to save time. This work provides a foundation to analyze the application and effectiveness of crowdsourced shipping by exploring the WTW propensity of ordinary travelers. The analysis was based on a newly developed stated preference survey and analyzed choice across three potential shipping jobs and the option to choose none of the three (i.e., the status quo). Results showed that the experiment was successful in recovering reasonable WTW values that are higher than the normal WTP metrics. The results also identified many significant sociodemographic variables that could help crowdsourced shipping companies better target potential part-time drivers.
Copula-Based Joint Discrete–Continuous Model of Road Vehicle Type and Shipment Size
Authors: Irannezhad Elnaz , Prato Carlo G. , Hickman Mark , Mohaymany Afshin Shariat
Published: September 2017

A major issue in freight modeling is the interrelationship between logistics choices that can be seen as a learning process that shippers or carriers undertake to optimize their logistics process, with the aim of minimizing their cost, maximizing their level of service, or both. This study looked at the interrelated decisions of vehicle type choice and shipment size in urban freight transportation by formulating a model that considered ( a) the nature of these two dependent variables via a joint discrete–continuous model, ( b) the correlation between the two decisions via a copula-based approach, ( c) the differences in decision making between carriers and shippers via the estimation of two models, and ( d) the relaxation of the assumption of pure utility maximization via a hybrid utility–regret specification. Results show differences between shippers’ and carriers’ preferences. These differences were logical because many urban shippers owned an efficient fleet of commercial vehicles, whereas carriers evaluated alternatives to maximize their aggregated utility and minimize their direct costs. Results also show the importance of considering jointly the two decisions as well as the relevance of using a hybrid utility–regret formulation for the cost. Practical findings emerge from the model: ( a) when faced with night delivery and intercity trips, carriers were more likely to use heavier vehicles and more voluminous shipments, whereas smaller shipments were preferred during the afternoon peak hour; ( b) urban shippers tended to deliver larger shipments during night by light trucks but preferred trailers for longer distances; and ( c) commodity types played a role in these joint decisions because some commodities were more likely to be transported by for-hire carriers and others were more likely to be transported by shippers.
Truck Activity Monitoring System for Freight Transportation Analysis
Authors: Tok Andre , Hyun Kyung (Kate) , Hernandez Sarah , Jeong Kyungsoo , Sun Yue (Ethan) , Rindt Craig , Ritchie Stephen G.
Published: September 2017

Understanding truck activity is an essential component of strategic freight planning and programming. However, recent studies have revealed a significant void in the availability of detailed truck activity data. Although some existing detectors are capable of providing truck counts by axle configuration, higher-resolution data that indicate truck body configuration, industry served, and commodity carried cannot be obtained from existing sensors. This paper presents the newly developed Truck Activity Monitoring System, which leverages existing in-pavement traffic sensors to provide truck activity data in California. Existing inductive loop detector sites were updated with inductive signature technology and advanced truck classification models were implemented to provide detailed truck count data with more than 40 truck body configurations. The system has been deployed to more than 90 detector locations in California to provide coverage at state borders, regional cordons, and significant metropolitan truck corridors. An interactive geographic information system website provides users with advanced visual analytics and access to archived data across all deployed locations. The case studies presented in this paper demonstrate the potential of the data obtained from this system in analyzing and understanding current and historical industry-specific truck activity.
Calibrating Vissim to Analyze Delay at Signalized Intersections
Authors: Buck H. Sebastian , Mallig Nicolai , Vortisch Peter
Published: September 2017

The level of service of an intersection is determined principally by control delay. Accordingly, control delay must be reproduced correctly when microscopic traffic simulation is used to evaluate intersections. This study demonstrated how Vissim could be calibrated for that purpose. Vissim models of four signalized intersections for which data had been collected were built. From these data, information that was extracted on headways, time to pass the intersection, and arrival distribution was used for calibration. Calibration of the headways resulted in car-following parameters for these intersections that differed substantially from the Vissim default values. An adjustment in the vehicle arrival distribution to the observed distribution was also necessary to reproduce the measured delay in the simulation.
Modeling Pedestrian Delays at Signalized Intersections as a Function of Crossing Directions and Moving Paths
Authors: Zhao Jing , Liu Yue
Published: September 2017

Pedestrian delay is a key performance indicator for evaluating the level of service for pedestrians at signalized intersections. Although much is known about the pedestrian delay of a signalized crosswalk, the existing model in the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 cannot provide the necessary accuracy for estimating the pedestrian delay of the diagonal crossing (crossing to the diagonally opposite corner of the intersection in two stages) and the entire intersection. In this paper, a new pedestrian control delay model is proposed: the model considers the diagonal crossing and moving paths. The proposed model is validated on the basis of field measurements. The main factors affecting the pedestrian control delay during diagonal crossing are discussed. Results reveal that the proposed model is promising in increasing the estimation accuracy of the pedestrian control delay of the diagonal crossing and the entire intersection (approximately 20%). The delay of the diagonal crossing increases with an increase in the time gap of the green light between the two adjacent crosswalks and an increase in the green time length of the crosswalk.
Relationship Between Cycle Overflow Probability and Capacity at Signalized Intersections: Application for Delay Estimation
Authors: Wu Ning , Giuliani Stefan , Geistefeldt Justin
Published: September 2017

A model for estimating the capacity and the delay at signalized intersections is presented. With the modeling of a signalized intersection as a queuing system, the capacity can be estimated by the measuring of the cycle overflow probability at stop line detectors. On the basis of a given queuing model, the stochastic characteristics, that is, the randomness of the queuing system at a signalized intersection, can be estimated as well. Then, the delays and the queuing lengths can be obtained with the estimated parameters. The results of the presented model are underlined by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, a Vissim simulation study was conducted to demonstrate the capability of the model, and the model was tested on the basis of field measurement data.
Proposed Framework for Evaluating Spillback in the Highway Capacity Manual
Authors: Zheng Yinan , Armstrong Michael , de Andrade Gustavo , Elefteriadou Lily
Published: September 2017

Procedures detailed in the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM 2010) estimate capacity and several operational measures dictating level of service for freeway facilities and surface streets. However, these methods do not consider cases in which spillback occurs from one facility type to another. The queuing effects in oversaturated conditions as they propagate upstream onto a freeway main line or a surface street intersection are not accounted for. The objective of this paper is to propose a series of modifications to enhance the HCM 2010 methods to address spillback conditions. These modifications consider lane utilization and lane blockage under spillback conditions and consist of restructuring existing equations and reference tables as well as developing new procedures. A four-regime method is proposed for evaluating spillback effects from urban streets to diverge and weaving segments. In addition, a method is proposed to account for the spillback effects from freeway on-ramps by reducing the effective green time as a proportion of the percent of time that the queue is expected to block the upstream signalized intersection. The framework developed uses assumptions that should be further explored through an extensive, nationwide data collection effort.
Registration of Sugar Beet Germplasm R21 and R40 with Resistance to Rhizomania from Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima
Authors: Richardson Kelley L.
Published: September 2017

Rhizomania causes significant losses in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) growing areas worldwide. Since 2003, isolates of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the causal agent of rhizomania, have been identified in the United States, Europe, and Asia that cause disease symptoms in germplasm with the Rz1 source of resistance. Durable resistance genes must be identified to protect sugar beet against current and evolving strains of the virus. This manuscript details the release and registration of sugar beet germplasm R21 (Reg No. GP‐291, PI 682085) and R40 (Reg. No. GP‐292, PI 682086) with high levels of rhizomania resistance developed and released by the USDA‐ARS at Salinas, CA, in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation in Denver, CO. R21 and R40 are multigerm (MM), self‐sterile (Ss), open‐pollinated lines that maintain sugar and root yields under both the wild‐type (Type A) and Rz1 resistance‐breaking (Type‐A, IV) strains of BNYVV. They are products of repeated rounds of recurrent selection on enhanced, broadly based populations of >120 B. vulgaris subsp. maritima accessions (selected for rhizomania resistance) crossed with sugar beet. Allelic relationships between R21 and R40 are unknown. Each was derived from a different set of donor accessions, making it unlikely that they are the same gene. These broadly based germplasms provide useful genetic variability for continued sugar beet improvement.
The Two Screens: FIDO, RFDA and Film vs. Television in Post-Second World War Britain
Authors: Ayres John D.
Published: September 2017

This article will consider some of the key factors at play in the medium-term post-Second World War relationship between the burgeoning format of television and the steadily declining commerciality of cinema. This work charts, in detail via archival materials, the impact of the 1953 coronation on television ownership and Ealing Studios supremo Sir Michael Balcon's understanding of, and openness to, the potentialities offered by the rival media. The work also considers the establishment of the Film Industry Defence Organisation (FIDO) and Rank Organisation Chief Executive John Davis's formation of Rank Film Distributors of America (RFDA) in the late 1950s as a means of developing not only projects with international appeal (targeting particularly the North American marketplace), but also combating on the domestic front the relentlessly growing popularity and charms of the small screen.
Geostatistical Determination of Soil Noise and Soil Phosphorus Spatial Variability
Authors: Kaul Therese , Grafton Miles
Published: September 2017

This research studies the effect of stratifying soil samples to try and find a suitable depth to establish a geospatial relationship for a practical soil sampling grid in New Zealand hill country. Cores were collected from 200 predetermined sites in grids at two trial sites at “Patitapu” hill country farm in the Wairarapa, New Zealand. Trial 1 was a 200 m × 100 m grid located in a gently undulating paddock. Trial 2 was a 220 m × 80 m grid located on a moderately sloped paddock. Each grid had cores taken at intervals of 5 m, 10 m, or 20 m. Core sites were mapped out prior to going into the field; these points were found using a Leica Geo Systems GS15 (real time kinematic GPS) and marked with pigtail pegs and spray-paint on the ground. Cores were taken using a 50 mm-diameter soil core sampler. Cores were cut into three sections according to depth: A—0–30 mm, B—30–75 mm, and C—75–150 mm. Olsen P lab results were obtained for half of the total 1400 samples due to financial constraints. The results indicate that there was a significant decrease in variability from Section A to Section B for both trials. Section B and C for Trial 1 had similar variability, whereas there was another significant drop in variability from Section B to C in Trial 2. Measuring samples below the top 3 cm appeared to effectively reduce noise when sampled from 3 to 15 cm. However, measuring from 7.5 cm to 15 cm on the slope in Trial 2 reduced variability so much that all results were almost identical, which may mean that there is no measurable representation of plant available P. The reduction in noise by removing the top 3 cm of soil samples is significant for improving current soil nutrient testing methods by allowing better geospatial predictions for whole paddock soil nutrient variability mapping.
Brazilian Citizens’ Opinions and Attitudes about Farm Animal Production Systems
Authors: Yunes Maria , Von Keyserlingk Marina , Hötzel Maria
Published: September 2017

The inclusion of societal input is needed for food animal production industries to retain their “social license to operate”; failure to engage with the public on this topic risks the long-term sustainability of these industries. The primary aim of this study was to explore the beliefs and attitudes of Brazilians citizens not associated with livestock production towards farm animal production. A related secondary aim was to identify the specific beliefs and attitudes towards systems that are associated with restriction of movement. Each participant was shown pictures representing two of five possible major food animal industries (laying hens, beef cattle, pregnant sows, lactating sows, and poultry meat). Participants were presented a six pages survey that included demographic questions plus two sets of two pictures and a series of questions pertaining to the pictures. Each set of pictures represented a particular industry where one picture represented a housing type that is associated with behavioural restrictions and the other picture represented a system that allowed for a greater degree of movement. Participants were asked their perceptions on the prevalence of each system in Brazil, then their preference of one picture vs. the other, and the reasons justifying their preference. Immediately following, the participant repeated the same exercise with the second set of two pictures representing another industry followed by the same series of questions as described above. Quantitative data were analysed with mixed effects logistic regression, and qualitative responses were coded into themes. The proportion of participants that believed animals are reared in confinement varied by animal production type: 23% (beef cattle), 82% (poultry), 81% (laying hens), and 60% (swine). A large majority (79%) stated that farm animals are not well-treated in Brazil. Overall, participants preferred systems that were not associated with behavioural restriction. The preference for free-range or cage-free systems was justified based on the following reasons: naturalness, animals’ freedom to move, and ethics. A minority of participants indicated a preference for more restrictive systems, citing reasons associated with food security and food safety, increased productivity and hygiene. Our results suggest that the majority of our participants, preferred farm animal production systems that provide greater freedom of movement, which aligned with their perception that these systems are better for the animal. Our results provide some evidence that the current farm animal housing practices that are associated with restriction of movement, which are gaining traction in Brazil, may not align with societal expectations.
Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using the Data Mining Models Artificial Neural Network and Boosted Tree
Authors: Oh Hyun-Joo , Lee Saro
Published: September 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to present some potential applications of sophisticated data mining techniques, such as artificial neural network (ANN) and boosted tree (BT), for landslide susceptibility modeling in the Yongin area, Korea. Initially, landslide inventory was detected from visual interpretation using digital aerial photographic maps with a high resolution of 50 cm taken before and after the occurrence of landslides. The debris flows were randomly divided into two groups: training and validation sets with a 50:50 proportion. Additionally, 18 environmental factors related to landslide occurrence were derived from the topography, soil, and forest maps. Subsequently, the data mining techniques were applied to identify the influence of environmental factors on landslide occurrence of the training set and assess landslide susceptibility. Finally, the landslide susceptibility indexes from ANN and BT were compared with a validation set using a receiver operating characteristics curve. The slope gradient, topographic wetness index, and timber age appear to be important factors in landslide occurrence from both models. The validation result of ANN and BT showed 82.25% and 90.79%, which had reasonably good performance. The study shows the benefit of selecting optimal data mining techniques in landslide susceptibility modeling. This approach could be used as a guideline for choosing environmental factors on landslide occurrence and add influencing factors into landslide monitoring systems. Furthermore, this method can rank landslide susceptibility in urban areas, thus providing helpful information when selecting a landslide monitoring site and planning land-use.
Comparative Research on RC Equivalent Circuit Models for Lithium-Ion Batteries of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Peng Hui , Ning Zhansheng , Mu Zhongqiang , Sun Changyan
Published: September 2017

Equivalent circuit models are a hot research topic in the field of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, and scholars have proposed a variety of equivalent circuit models, from simple to complex. On one hand, a simple model cannot simulate the dynamic characteristics of batteries; on the other hand, it is difficult to apply a complex model to a real-time system. At present, there are few systematic comparative studies on equivalent circuit models of lithium-ion batteries. The representative first-order resistor-capacitor (RC) model and second-order RC model commonly used in the literature are studied comparatively in this paper. Firstly, the parameters of the two models are identified experimentally; secondly, the simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink environment, and finally the output precision of these two models is verified by the actual data. The results show that in the constant current condition, the maximum error of the first-order RC model is 1.65% and the maximum error for the second-order RC model is 1.22%. In urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) condition, the maximum error of the first-order RC model is 1.88%, and for the second-order RC model the maximum error is 1.69%. This is of great instructional significance to the application in practical battery management systems for the equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles.
Line Shape Modeling for the Diagnostic of the Electron Density in a Corona Discharge
Authors: Rosato Joël , Bonifaci Nelly , Li Zhiling , Stamm Roland
Published: September 2017

We present an analysis of spectra observed in a corona discharge designed for the study of dielectrics in electrical engineering. The medium is a gas of helium and the discharge was performed at the vicinity of a tip electrode under high voltage. The shape of helium lines is dominated by the Stark broadening due to the plasma microfield. Using a computer simulation method, we examine the sensitivity of the He 492 nm line shape to the electron density. Our results indicate the possibility of a density diagnostic based on passive spectroscopy. The influence of collisional broadening due to interactions between the emitters and neutrals is discussed.
Regulation of mTOR, Metabolic Fitness, and Effector Functions by Cytokines in Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Viel Sébastien , Besson Laurie , Marotel Marie , Walzer Thierry , Marçais Antoine
Published: September 2017

The control of cellular metabolism is now recognized as key to regulate functional properties of immune effectors such as T or Natural Killer (NK) cells. During persistent infections or in the tumor microenvironment, multiple metabolic changes have been highlighted in T cells that contribute to their dysfunctional state or exhaustion. NK cells may also undergo major phenotypic and functional modifications when infiltrating tumors that could be linked to metabolic alterations. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a central regulator of cellular metabolism. mTOR integrates various extrinsic growth or immune signals and modulates metabolic pathways to fulfill cellular bioenergetics needs. mTOR also regulates transcription and translation thereby adapting cellular pathways to the growth or activation signals that are received. Here, we review the role and regulation of mTOR in NK cells, with a special focus on cytokines that target mTOR such as IL-15 and TGF-β. We also discuss how NK cell metabolic activity could be enhanced or modulated to improve their effector anti-tumor functions in clinical settings.
Multiresolution Modeling of Semidilute Polymer Solutions: Coarse-Graining Using Wavelet-Accelerated Monte Carlo
Authors: Agarwal Animesh , Rabideau Brooks , Ismail Ahmed
Published: September 2017

We present a hierarchical coarse-graining framework for modeling semidilute polymer solutions, based on the wavelet-accelerated Monte Carlo (WAMC) method. This framework forms a hierarchy of resolutions to model polymers at length scales that cannot be reached via atomistic or even standard coarse-grained simulations. Previously, it was applied to simulations examining the structure of individual polymer chains in solution using up to four levels of coarse-graining (Ismail et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 122, 234901 and Ismail et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 122, 234902), recovering the correct scaling behavior in the coarse-grained representation. In the present work, we extend this method to the study of polymer solutions, deriving the bonded and non-bonded potentials between coarse-grained superatoms from the single chain statistics. A universal scaling function is obtained, which does not require recalculation of the potentials as the scale of the system is changed. To model semi-dilute polymer solutions, we assume the intermolecular potential between the coarse-grained beads to be equal to the non-bonded potential, which is a reasonable approximation in the case of semidilute systems. Thus, a minimal input of microscopic data is required for simulating the systems at the mesoscopic scale. We show that coarse-grained polymer solutions can reproduce results obtained from the more detailed atomistic system without a significant loss of accuracy.