bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications of Russia- Ukraine War on World Peace and Security
Authors: Fidelis Ikaade , Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

The lingering tension between Ukraine and Russia have been visible since Ukraine gained its independence in 1991 not until 20 February, 2014 following the Ukraine’s revolution of dignity, and in February 2022 Russia lunched a full scale invasion of Ukraine. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is the most violent interstate conflict in the world since the second invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan in 2003 and 2001 respectively by the United States of America. The paper examined the nature and causes of this war, and consequences of the war. The Qualitative method of data analysis through the use of Secondary sources of data was used in achieving the said objectives. The paper adopts the power theory as theoretical framework in investigating the nature of the war, remote and immediate causes of the war. The paper found out that the war is hybrid in nature and there are remote causes such as Ukraine’s sense of national identity, idiosyncrasy of the leaders’ involved and immediate causes such as Ukraine’s sovereignty, and status of Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk, international alliances, that triggered the occupation of Ukraine by Russia in February of 2022. The paper recommends that respect for a state’s sovereignty as enshrined in international law and United Nation’s charter should be a thing of national concern of both countries, that referendum should be considered especially with issues surrounding the status of Crimea.  Also the paper recommends mutual tolerance and respect for international law, to avert plunging the world into avoidable crises of unimaginable proportion
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Recruitment Process in Public Organizations: A Study of Nigeria Police Force, Ebonyi State Command
Authors: Nwokwu Paul , Abah Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

The importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the recruitment process cannot be underestimated. That explains why organizational human resources managers, the Nigeria Police Force inclusive, have integrated it into the all-important exercise. Therefore, this study examined the effect of application of ICT on recruitment process in the public sector organizations with particular reference to the Nigeria Police Force, Ebonyi State Command. The study was anchored on Technological Determinism theory espoused by Thorstein Veblen (1857-1929). The study adopted descriptive survey design with a sample size of 400. Data were generated through structured questionnaire designed in 5 Likert scale. Chi-square inferential statistics were used to test the formulated hypotheses. The study revealed among others – that the use of online recruitment platform has significantly facilitated teeming qualified citizens’ access to job openings in the Nigeria Police Force, Ebonyi State Command; that the use of online recruitment portal has significantly enhanced appointment of competent staff in the Nigeria Police Force, Ebonyi State Command. The implication of the findings is that the adoption of ICT without human manipulations is key to institutionalization of meritocracy in the exercise. The study recommended as follows among others – that the Nigeria Police Force should ensure sustenance of the use of ICT in the recruitment process so as to attract qualified candidates to the security outfit; that the use of ICT should be given free hand during the recruitment exercise in order to facilitate emergence of most competent and skillful candidates.
Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria: Implications for Quality Service Delivery at the Grassroots LevelLocal Government Autonomy in Nigeria: Implications for Quality Service Delivery at the Grassroots Level
Authors: Okorie Cornelius , Obasi Tobechi , Nwosu Chiedozie , Arua Christopher
Published: December 2023

Local government (LG) is the third tier of government that is domesticated at the grassroots level outside the State and Federal governments. LGs are established to ensure effective governance at the local level. Nigeria adopted federal system that envisages autonomy for every level of government. Contrarily, there has been the issue of LG inability to ensure the provision of quality infrastructural and developmental projects, its inability to initiate, implement and execute projects at the localities according to constitutional provisions. All these are attributed to the state government dominance of the affairs of LGs. As such, this paper intends to x-ray the implications of local government autonomy to quality service delivery on the grassroots populace, especially in the areas of political, administrative and fiscal autonomy. We considered Systems theory as apt for this paper. Methodologically, qualitative approach was used. Extant literatures were conceptually and empirically reviewed. Conclusively, we observed significant low service delivery hugely linked to lack of LGs autonomy. To this extent we recommend that LGs should be granted autonomy in order to enhance effectiveness, efficiency and quality service delivery to the people at the grassroots.
Political Violence and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria: A focus on the 2019 and 2023 General Elections
Authors: Oyewole Lambe , Hassan Seyid , Abdullahi Alabi
Published: December 2023

Overtime, election has been the most controversial aspect of Nigeria’s democracy as it includes activities for choosing amongst individuals for the leadership and representative role in the country. Leadership seats have always been a contest and a battle that most individuals pursue. The political space of Nigeria therefore has always been characterized by violence which is usually being employed for political gains, ethno-religious vices and destabilization of the democratic processes. The research studies the various reasons for the continuous violence in Nigeria’s electoral processes, its impacts on the electoral processes and largely on the democratic consolidation of the country. The paper employed the descriptive analysis method in analyzing the causes and impact level of political violence. The paper asserted that the ethnic and religious volatility plays a great role in the ensuing of violence in the last election, as the election was viewed as an election amongst individuals of ethnic groups. The researchers therefore, suggest that principle of federal character can reduce political violence and make for democratic consolidation in Nigeria.
Skill Acquisition for Youth Empowerment and Reduction of Unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Eze Ogeh
Published: December 2023

This study aims at investigating the effect of skills acquisition and youth empowerment on the reduction of youth unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The Economic Survival-Based Theory was adopted. Data for the study were gotten from both primary and secondary sources. The research was conducted in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total of 371 questionnaires were administered to respondents using purposive sampling techniques and on the spot filling and collection. The data obtained from the field were subjected to descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, particularly, using Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient, Microsoft SPSS (version 21). The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient method. A total of 30 respondents who were not part of the sample were used in testing the reliability of this instrument. The reliability coefficient stood at 0.672. The results of the Mean and Standard Deviation and the testing of the four alternative hypotheses indicate that skills acquisition and youth empowerment have the potential to create employment opportunities and reduce youth unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Findings from this study reveal that skill acquisition in the areas of carpentry, fashion design/tailoring business, barbing saloon and handset repairs have empowered the youths meaningfully to generate employment and reduce unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study also reveals that most youths accept political appointment as empowerment owing to the fact that they lack requisite skills and startup capital to be independent and self-reliant. The study show that most youths prefer skills acquisition and startup capital to start a venture of their own and be self-reliant than political appointment. The study concluded that the strategies of empowerment adopted by government through the offering of political appointment to young graduates without skills is erroneous and same does reduce unemployment per se. Based on the findings, the study recommended, amongst others that, skill acquisition should be made compulsory from secondary school to tertiary levels, such that every graduate irrespective of one’s course of study should possess one skill as a prerequisite for graduation. The centre for the skill acquisitions in each institution should certify the student before graduation. It is also recommended that technical and vocational devices, machines and tools necessary for takeoff of every graduate with a requisite skill should be made accessible and supplied free of charge. Also, that there is need for reorientation of the youths in line with the present economic realities in order to obviate self-pride and shame and avail themselves with the skills acquisition opportunities available to them.
Staff Discipline and Performance of Kogi State Civil Service Commission
Authors: Omada Joshua , Ayogu Igwebuike , Egbara Amechi
Published: December 2023

Despite the Kogi State Government efforts to reposition the State Civil Service Commission for improved performance, staff commitment to duty has not significantly improved. Staff lateness and absence from duty posts, undue delay in promotion, underserved appointment and promotion in the Service among others are common. The study assessed the effect of staff discipline on the performance of the Kogi State Civil Service Commission. The general objective of the study was to assess the effect of staff discipline on the performance of Kogi State Civil Service Commission. This research work was anchored on bureaucratic theory. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The population of the study and the sample size was 120 staff of the Commission, utilizing the census sampling technique. The sources of data collection for this study were primary and secondary. Simple percentage was used to analyze responses generated from the questionnaire while the secondary data was subjected to intense analysis. We found out among others that despite the fact that there are several training and development programmes created for her staff of all ranks, the exercise fall short of established training and development standards in choosing staff for training. Of the 110 respondents, majority 65 (59.1%) identified connection to heads of units and politicians as against length of service (16, 14.5%), specific needs of the departments/units (10, 9.1%), and staff commitment to duty (19, 17.3%). The study concluded that consequent upon the neglect of established procedures in training and development of employees of the KSCSC as well as appointment and promotion, the practices have affected negatively the commitment of staff to their duties. The study then recommended among others that the Kogi State Civil Service Commission should sublet its training and development as well as appointment and promotion exercises to professional bodies, especially those outside the state to reduce possible undue influences.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Challenges of Poverty Reduction in Nigeria
Authors: Balogun Osebi
Published: December 2023

Global continuous war against poverty facilitated the UN decision to rebrand the MDGs to SDGs. The major objective of the Sustainable Development Goals, is to combat poverty in its entirety all over the world while preserving the environment for future generations. Nigeria is one of such countries that poverty remains a major problem. Though, programmes and measures have been taken to curb it, both internationally and locally, poverty still exists. This study hopes to investigate the problems surrounding the inability for the UN’s SDG goals to be met in Nigeria. It hopes to examine those challenges the program has encountered on its journey to eradicating poverty and possibly suggest ways in which such hiccups can be delt with. The study adopted the Structural theory on poverty, which describes poverty as emanating from the opportunities given be various aspects of the society; economic, political or social to its people which limits there capabilities. Secondary qualitative sources of data were used for the study and the analytical method of data analysis was adopted in presenting the findings. The study recommends that the Nigerian government at levels need to create measures, monitor these measure that will ensure poverty is reduced to the barest minimum
The Judiciary and Presidential Democracy in Nigeria: A Synthetic Analysis
Authors: Chwkwuma Ogu
Published: December 2023

The study analyzed the roles of the judiciary in Nigeria’s presidential democracy using secondary source of data. The secondary source of data includes textbooks, magazines, Newspapers, Journals and other documentary materials relevant to the study. The judiciary as the third arm of Nigeria’s government is appointed by the Executive on the advice of the Federal and State Judicial service commission, subject to the approval of the Legislature. The role of the judiciary includes interpretation of the constitution/laws, adjudicating of cases in courts, advises the Executive and Legislature on some sensitive matters and defends the rights/liberties of the citizens. In Nigeria’s presidential democracy, the Executive arm of government implements laws. The problem of this study is delay in resolution of cases in courts. There are cases in courts that have been pending for many years. Failure of the Executive arm of government to obey court orders in some cases is also a problem. The study recommended that government should establish more courts and employ more judicial officials and the three arms of Nigeria’s government should adhere strictly to the rule of law. Strict adherence to the rule of law by the rulers and the ruled promote democracy.
Energy Diplomacy and Strategic Engagements: Nigeria's role in Shaping the Global Energy Landscape.
Authors: Chinagorom Alita , Ajaegbo Ifeanyi , Asu Anoke , Cyprian-Oga Chinyere
Published: December 2023

In an ever-evolving global energy landscape driven by climate change and technological advancements, Nigeria stands at a pivotal crossroads. Historically reliant on its abundant oil and gas reserves, the nation now confronts the imperative to diversify its energy mix while skillfully navigating the complex realm of international energy diplomacy. These challenges and opportunities demand a strategic response.The urgency to address these issues cannot be overstated, considering Nigeria's pivotal role on the African continent and its significant influence on the world's energy markets. Failing to adapt not only jeopardizes Nigeria's energy security and economic stability but also undermines global endeavours to achieve sustainable energy solutions.This study scrutinizes three critical facets of Nigeria's energy landscape: firstly, how its historically oil-centric sector adapts to the evolving energy era; secondly, the transformative impacts emerging from Nigeria's growing investments in renewable energy; and finally, how Nigeria's participation in international energy diplomacy aligns with global energy security and sustainability objectives.Drawing on Nigeria as a case study, data from diverse documentary sources such, including government policies and scholarly inputs, are analyzed within the framework of Complex Interdependence Theory.The findings underscore Nigeria's dual role—confronting challenges in its oil and gas sector while embracing opportunities in renewable energy. Recommendations include a swift transition to renewables, robust infrastructure, enhanced security measures, and strategic partnerships. These actions align with global sustainability goals and uphold the principles of complex interdependence in the global energy arena.
Igbophobia and the Quest for National Cohesion in Nigeria: The 2023 General Elections in Perspective
Authors: Nwodom Destiny , Ukah Chikaodiri , Ugochukwu Simon
Published: December 2023

The much anticipated 2023 general elections had come and gone but its effects toward nation building and national cohesion is sacrosanct. The emergence of the formal Governor of Anambra state, Peter Obi as the labour party presidential candidate, his popularity and acceptance among the youth in the country (Obedient movement) re-awakened an Igbophobic sentiment and hatred against Igbo people by the other ethnic groups. There were phobic comments that Igbos are trying to take over Nigeria and divide the country in order to create Biafra. The study examined Igbophobic sentiment during the 2023 general elections and its implications on the national cohesion. The data for the study were derived from the secondary source, while descriptive method of data analysis was used to analysed the data generated. The was study anchored on the Realist Group Conflict Theory (RGCT) which states that competition between groups for finite resources, power and fair of domination leads to inter group stereotype, antagonism and conflict. Findings reveal that, the fear of Igbo domination created the stereotype and Igbophobic attitudes among other ethnic groups. The study therefore recommends among other things; the rotation of the seat of presidency among the six geopolitical zones as this will give sense of belonging to other minority ethnic groups.
Comparative Evaluation of Community Participation in Ecotourism Development in Borgu and Zurguma Sector of Kainji Lake National Park, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Onihunwa J. O. , Akande O. A. , Wealth A. S. , Irunokhai E. A. , Mohammed N.
Published: December 2023

Generally, the problems associated with national park management in Nigeria include loss of wildlife habitats, poaching, overhunting, and illegal logging and grazing. Hence, the objective of this study is to evaluate the numerous challenges facing National Park Management in Nigeria using the Kainji Lake National Park as a case study using personal interview and administration of structural questionnaire to select one hundred and ninety four (194) respondents from the total population and data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result of demographic characteristics of respondents sampled indicates that the male respondents were dominant (75.7%) and majority of the 51.4% of the sampled populations’ falls between age group 35-44 years. The finding further revealed that majority of the respondents was married (71.0%). 59.8% of the respondents had tertiary education while 40.2% had secondary education. Also, majority of the respondents are Muslims (71.0%) while 29.0 are Christian. Majority of the respondents (52.3%) had worked between 11-20 years while ≥21 are the least with 17.8%. The major challenges confronting Kainji Lake National Park as identified by the park staffs are insufficient fund and lack/shortage of manpower.The effects of these challenges on Wildlife management are reduction in management practices, makes work difficult and reduction in wildlife population. The measures taken in managing the identified challenges in the study area are provision of incentives/bonus to the staff, adequate funding, provision of modern equipment and facilities etc. The study therefore concludes that for effective conservation of biodiversity to be achieved in this premier national park of Nigeria, the identified challenges must be addressed.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of preconception care among female National Youth Service Corps Members in Lagos State
Authors: Omunakwe PC , Odeyemi KA
Published: December 2023

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality statistics in Nigeria are poor, and the burden of deaths from preventable causes is on the increase. Preconception care has been documented to reduce maternal mortality. This study was undertaken to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of preconception care among female National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) members in Lagos State.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 female corps members without a history of pregnancy. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection, and data was analyzed with Epi-Info 7 software. The Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and the outcome variables with level of significance set at p<0.05.Results: Out of 370 respondents with mean age 21 years ± 8.5), 48.9% had fair knowledge of preconception care, 30.5% and 20.5%had poor and good knowledge respectively. The majority of aware respondents (92.5%) exhibited a positive attitude to preconception care. Good practice was reported among 47.3%, fair practice 35.1% and poor practice by 17.6% of the respondents. A statistically significant association was found between education level (p = 0.047), course of study (p < 0.001) and knowledge. Education level (p= 0.037) and course of  study (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with practice.Conclusion: Preconception care knowledge was fair among study population; attitude was positive while practice was good. Preconception care health education should be implemented to create awareness among female corps members.
Knowledge and practice of cervical cancer prevention amongst undergraduates of the Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Authors: Diedjomaho EB , Awunor NS , Okonta P , Enemuwe IM , Abedi H , Ntaji M
Published: December 2023

Background: In Nigeria, approximately 26 women die daily due to cervical cancer. About 90% of cervical cancer cases are caused by human papillomavirus infection (HPV), transmitted through sexual intercourse and can be prevented. This study assessed knowledge of cervical cancer and practice of its preventive measures, among undergraduates in a University in South-South Nigeria.Material and Methods: his study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among 479 students of the Delta State University (DELSU), Abraka, Nigeria. Respondents were selected across Faculties through a multistage sampling technique and data was collected using a pretested self-administered structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23 with statistical significance set at p<0.05.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 20.4 (±2.4) years. The majority of the respondents (85.0%) had a poor level of knowledge of cervical cancer and its prevention methods. Age (p<0.001), study level (P<0.001), and faculty (<0.001) were significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer and its prevention. About 59.0% of respondents have an overall positive attitude towards cervical cancer and its prevention. The level of uptake of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination was 0.8% and 1.3% respectively, however, more than half of the respondents were willing to get screened (63.9%) and vaccinated (50.9%).Conclusion: The institution should organize and sponsor comprehensive health education programmes about cervical cancer and its prevention. Provision of screening and vaccination at subsidized rates or at no cost will provide widespread coverage of prevention both in local communities and among students.
Identifying Misunderstandings and/or Misconceptions Among Test-Takers: An Analysis of Selected Items from a High-Stakes Mathematics Multiple-Choice Test
Authors: Williamson Corey
Published: December 2023

This study conducted an analysis of selected items from the Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate (CSEC) mathematics multiple-choice test to detect misunderstandings or misconceptions among Jamaican test-takers. The sample of the data included 7,000 CSEC test-takers’ test scores for the examination period 2010–2016. The study applied the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Item Response Theory (IRT) in the data analysis process. Results from the study showed that the CSEC mathematics multiple-choice test recorded a relatively high distractor efficiency (DE) for each exam year over the period 2010–2016; and the items were less prone to guessing, based on Jamaican test-takers’ responses. The CTT item difficulty analysis showed that Jamaican test-takers generally found topics such as measurement; and function, relations, and graphs more difficult in comparison to other topics. They displayed more of their misunderstandings or misconceptions in specific concepts tested in these areas on the test. The findings from this study have implications for the teaching and learning of mathematics in Jamaica before, at, and after the CSEC level.
Solar Operated Electric Scarecrow
Authors: R. Jadhav Anjali , M. Patil Darshana , S. Lad Devpriya , D. Magdum Pranali , S. Patil Mahadev
Published: December 2023

This research presents an innovative method for agricultural pest control using an electric scarecrow system that runs on solar power and is controlled by the YOLOv5 object detection model. Historically, traditional scarecrows have not proven very effective at keeping out pests because they are immovable and have low accuracy in intrusion detection. To address these limitations, our innovative approach makes use of solar energy for continuous operation and the YOLOv5 deep learning architecture for real time pest identification. Our system's main component is a solar powered platform that is placed in agricultural fields with motion sensors and cameras. The YOLOv5 model is used to evaluate live camera feeds and is deployed on edge devices to rapidly and correctly identify pests. The scarecrow's electric system releases deterrents when it detects something. This study provides a thorough examination of the technical details, performance indicators, and financial sustainability of the solar powered electric scarecrow. According to the research, this creative approach has the potential to completely transform crop protection techniques by providing a cost effective and environmentally friendly substitute for conventional scarecrow systems.
CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS AS MATERIALS USED IN SENSORS FOR DETERMINATION OF IMPORTANT VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN THE FIELD OF FOOD SAFETY
Authors: Torosyan Mikayel S. , Durgaryan Narine K.
Published: December 2023

In the field of food safety, sensors are widely used for the detection and determination of a wide variety of volatile compounds. This work presents the synthesis of a number of polyaniline analog polymers and the study of their properties as such sensors. In the course of the work, the design and preparation of carriers for polymers with sensor properties was carried out and, based on it, a new method for measuring and recording changes in the electrical conductivity of insoluble polymers in the presence of volatile substances was developed. The applicability of the developed method was verified.
Vascularisation of Endometrium In Primary Dysmenorrhea wsr to Kha-Vaigunya
Authors: H.L.M.G.Sajeewani  , L.P.Dei
Published: December 2023

Painful menstruation can be correlated with Udavartini Yonivyapad in Charaka Samhita or Udavarta Yonivyapad in Susruta Samhita. Deregulation of endometrial blood flow has been associated with several menstrual disorders including primary dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, inter-menstrual bleeding and endometriosis. Doppler assessment of uterine artery is essential to reflect endometrial vascularisation. It is identified that pain in primary dysmenorrhea is caused by excessive endometrial prostaglandin production leading to abnormal uterine activity and consequent changes in blood flow within the uterus. Kha vaigunya is a process with a general cause for abnormalities in the Srothas (vasculature). It is a gradually progressing chronic phenomenon which may lead to an interruption in circulation of materials causing the physiological arrest of metabolism and the elimination of metabolic wastes. Therefore excessive production of the metabolic materials leads to excessive amounts of prostaglandin. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between pain and uterine vascularity and the study suggests that primary dysmenorrheaic patients tend to have moderately positive correlation with pain intensity.
A Conceptual Study on Hridayavarnaka Karma of Gairika w.s.r to Hridroga
Authors: T N Pannaga  , B N Ashok Kumar  , P RR Geethesh  , A Ravindra  , V S Sushmitha
Published: December 2023

Hridaya is the entity in the body which acts as a central beam that supports the framework of the body system. Gairika is a Uparasa Dravya. In twenty-four Vishopakrama, Hridayavarana is said to be done daily. The primary duty of the physician is to protect the heart. Hridayavarana refers to measures used to create a protective covering around the heart. Gairika is a Hridayavarana Dravya. An effort was made to collect references pertaining to Hridaya, Hridroga Hridayavarana and Gairika across Ayurveda texts like Charaka Samhita, Rasaratna Samucchaya etc. Hridaya is an important organ characterized as Siraja Sadhyopranahara Marma as well as one among the Pranayama. Any condition which manifests as a discomfort to heart is termed Hridroga. These terms Hridya conveys the notion of something that is favourable or beneficial for the heart. Gairika is a Parthiva Dravya classified in group of Bhoumadravya, Shonitastapana Deshamani, Uparasa, Suvarnadi and Upadhatu of Loha. Gunas of Gairika include Madhura rasa, Snigdha and Laghu Guna Tapahara, Sheeta veerya, Balya, Ropana, Raktashodhaka, Pittanashaka. It is indicated for Raktapitta, Daha, Chardhi, Vishahara, Hikka, Asungdhara, Netraroga, Udarda, Kandu, Vrana, Jwara. The Subhavita Shuddha Gairika is a Prashasta Bheshaja for Hridayavarana Upakrama on its qualities of being safe, effective and abundance.
Significance of Vedhan Karma in Restricted and Painful Shoulder Joint Diagnosed as Vatarakta
Authors: Pal Subodh  , Paradkar Hemant  , Pathrikar Anaya  , Attar Sajida
Published: December 2023

Vatarakta is a disease of Avarana pathology caused by vitiated Rakta and Vata. The Vata gets vitiated by its own causes and its movement gets restricted by vitiated Rakta which leads to Vatarakta. In this disease, Vata and Rakta get vitiated by distinct etiological factors. One of the major causes of Rakta and Vata Dushti is trauma as told by Acharya Charaka in Jwar chikitsa. Severe pain is the major symptom of Vatarakta that gets relieved instantly by Raktmokshan as advised by Acharya Charak. Vedhan Karma was selected for Raktamokshan.

Vedhan Karma (piercing) is one of the eight surgical procedures (Ashtavidha Shashtra Karma) explained by Acharya Sushruta. It is very simple and cost-effective. The points of Vedhan are specific according to diseases.

After proper history taking and diagnosis, if Vedhankarma is done in the appropriate place we get instant results. It is safe, time-saving, and cost-effective. Hence a study was carried out using Vedhankarma in a case of painful, restricted movements of the left shoulder joint which was diagnosed as Vatarakta. For Vedhan, Suchee Shastra (26 no. needle) was used. The patient got instant relief from pain and improvement in restricted movement.
A Comparative Analytical Study of Krishna Musali Choorna and Krishna Musali Kshara
Authors: Nayana. N  , Suchetha Kumari  , Suchitra N. Prabhu
Published: December 2023

Krishna Musali (Curculigo orchioides) is among the Dashapushpa, a group of ten herbs which is culturally and medically important to the people of Southern India, especially in Kerala. Krishna Musali is mentioned in various context in the names of Krishna Musali, Talapatri, Talamooli etc. and it is having Madhuratikta rasa, Ushna virya and it is Vatapittahara and Rasayana properties. In classics references about this drug can be seen in the context of Dhoomapana yoga, Kshara vidhi, Ekangasopha chikitisa etc and the Acharyas were categorized in to specific Gana or Varga based on its mode of action.  Krishna Musali Choorna and Kshara prepared based on the method of preparation mentioned in Sharangadhara Samhita. Analytical study was carried out for the purpose of standardization. For the qualitative assurance of the raw material analytical study provides the objective parameters for the standardization leading to a reproducible quality. These tests were done for evaluating the anticancer activity of Krishna Musali Choorna and Kshara in cervical cancer cell lines. The preliminary phytochemical study shows high alkalinity of Krishna Musali Kshara compared to Choorna, it supports the definition of alkali of being caustic and corrosive in nature. So, it will be helpful in the treatment of early stages of Cervical carcinoma.
A Comprehensive Review on Kumkumadi Thaila
Authors: Arya P Ravi  , Varada MS  , Sanila V K  , Leena K C
Published: December 2023

Kumkumadi Thaila is a popular classical Sneha preparation indicated for external as well for Nasya purpose. It is mentioned in Kshudra Roga chikitsa but on general practice used for cosmetic purposes especially for hyperpigmentation. Cosmetics are mixtures of chemical compounds derived from either natural sources or synthetically created ones used to cleanse or protect body or skin. Hyperpigmentation is a condition in which skin patches became darker in colour than normal. Present study aimed to compile the available classical references regarding the ingredients of Kumkumadi Thaila to evaluate their similarity and differences. Total 14 drugs including Ajaksheera are the ingredients of this formulation based on reference of Ashtanga Hridayam. Kumkuma, Yashti Madhu and Thila Thailam are common ingredients in all reviewed Yogas. Generally, Kumkumadi Thaila is a purely herbal formulation. Some references contain the mineral drugs such as Gairika (Red Ochre – Ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and Manashila (Arsenic disulphide (As2S3)) as ingredients. The animal products such as Gorochana and Madhucchista are also there according to some references.
Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Naga Bhasma by Using Rasatarangini Reference
Authors: Shewalkar Kalyani Jeewanrao
Published: December 2023

Naga bhasma is one of the herbo-metallic preparations used in Ayurveda. In this study an effort has been made to establish standards for Naga bhasma prepared by using classical ref. described in Rasatarangini with classical format, Shodhana, Jarana, Bhavana & Marana. In Samanya & Vishesha ‘Shodhana’ (purification process) removes heavy metals other than lead, apart from making it soft and acquiescent for trituration. Jarana process is pre-procedure of Marana for all Puti loha. For putapka of Putiloha without Jarana process it difficult to convert the Bhasma because these metal have low melting point. Manahshila is Ariloha of Naga. Ariloha is used as Maraka Dravya for preparation of Bhasma which acts as supporting agent to help the efficacy of Bhasma. Black coloured Naga Bhasma was obtained after 10 Puta by using classical Puta. Prepared Naga bhasma subjected to tests mentioned in Ayurvedic texts Varitar, Rekhapurnatva, & Unnam, tests and physico-chemical analysis such as pH Value, Total Ash, Loss on drying and acid insoluble ash.
Forecasting Time Series AQI Using Machine learning of Haryana Cities Using Machine Learning
Authors: Gupta Reema , Singla Priti
Published: December 2023

In India and throughout the world, air pollution is becoming a severe worry day by day. Governments and the general public have grown more concerned about how air pollution affects human health. Consequently, it is crucial to forecast the air quality with accuracy. In this paper, Machine learning methods SVR and RFR were used to build the hybrid forecast model to predict the concentrations of Air Quality Index in Haryana Cities. The forecast models were built using air pollutants and meteorological parameters from 2019 to 2021 and testing and validation was conducted on the air quality data for the year 2022 of Jind and Panipat city in the State of Haryana. Further, performance of hybrid forecast model was enhanced using scalar technique and performance was evaluated using various coefficient metrics and other parameters. First, the important factors affecting air quality are extracted and irregularities from the dataset are removed. Second, for forecasting AQI various approaches have been used and evaluation is carried out using performance metrics. The experimental results showed that the proposed hybrid model had a better forecast result than the standard Random forest Regression, Support Vector Regression and Multiple Linear Regression.
Modeling of Urban Heat Island using Artificial Neural Network and Remote Sensing in Tehran
Authors: Azizi Zahra , Navid Zoghi  , Saeed Behzadi
Published: December 2023

The Urban Heat Island phenomenon happens due to the differences in the thermal behavior between urban and rural areas which many factors such as vegetated, water, impervious and built-up areas could affect this phenomenon. Urban Heat Island consists of three types: Canopy heat island, Boundary heat island, and surface heat island. In this study, the surface type of urban heat island is analyzed. In this paper, 13 TM/ETM+ images have been obtained from 1990 to 2015(an image biennially). Urban Heat Islands effects are much more severe in summer; therefore, all images have been taken in summer. NDVI, IBI, albedo, and also land surface temperature were derived from images. Various neural network topologies have been used to identify the best model for predicting the urban heat island intensity. The LST of 2016 has been considered as validation data, thus the best result from fitting structures was obtained from Cascade which the Bayesian Regularization was its training algorithm (R-squared=0.62, RMSE=1.839 K).
Vegetation Health and Forest Canopy Density Monitoring in The Sundarban Region Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Mitra Soma , Naskar Samarjit , Basu Dr. Saikat
Published: December 2023

The present study explores vegetation health and forest canopy density in the Sundarbans region using Landsat-8 images. This work analyzes changes in vegetation health using two vegetation indices, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Forest Canopy Density (FCD) values of the Sundarbans, from 2014 to 2020. NDVI, comprising two bands, Red and Near-infrared (NIR), shows a declining trend during the period. Two NDVI land cover classification maps for 2014 and 2020 are produced, and the interest area is divided into five classes: Scanty, Low, Medium, and Densely Vegetated Regions and Water Bodies. A single-band linear gradient pseudo-color is used to assess the land cover difference between 2020 and 2014, showing marked changes in densely vegetative areas. The NDVI difference marks the coastal regions with a higher depletion rate of vegetation than the regions away from the seacoasts. FCD has been taken to compare the results of NDVI with it. FCD consists of another four models: AVI (advanced vegetative index), BI (Bare soil index), SSI (scaled shadow index), and TI (thermal index). FCD is also called crown cover or canopy coverage, which refers to the portion of an area in the field covered by the crown of trees. 2014 and 2015 FCD maps are produced with a single band linear gradient pseudocolor with five land cover classifications: bare soil, Bare Soil, Shrubs, Low, Medium, and Highly vegetated regions. Both maps bear a significant resemblance to NDVI land classification maps. Further, the FCD values of the two maps are scaled between 1 and 100, and the area of each class is calculated. To check the veracity of the NDVI and FCD analysis, a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model has been developed to classify each year’s image taken from Google Earth Engine (GEE). It classifies each year’s image with 99% accuracy. The calculation of the area of each class emphasizes the rapid decline of densely wooded vegetation. Almost 80% of the highly forested zone has been diminished and has become part of the medium-forested region. Area inflation in medium-forested regions corroborates the same. The study also analyzes the migration of vegetation density, i.e., where and how many areas are unchanged, growing, or deforested.
Penerapan Metode Skoring Untuk Penilain Hasil Belajar Siswa Di SDN Pondok Kelor II
Authors: . Ryzca Siti Qomariyah , . Maulitha Yuraida Rachman , . Rizqiyanti Nur Karimah , . Muhammad Syaiful Hilal
Published: December 2023

Scoring and scoring systems are fundamental methods in the field of education, especially in Indonesia, because the results of scoring and scoring systems can measure students' abilities, learning attitudes, and learning outcomes within a certain period of time for basic considerations and to determine children's performance. . This article explains in detail about scoring and assessment systems in education.
Analisis Dan Upaya Peningkatan Penilaian Kinerja Guru Di SDN Pikatan
Authors: . Ryzca Siti Qomariyah , . Azizah Tun Nafsiyah , . Iwing Ade Miranda , . Wulan Agustin
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out how teacher performance is evaluated and how the efforts of school principals improve teacher performance at SDN Pikatan, Gending District, Probolinggo Regency. This study uses a type of qualitative research method. Data collection techniques are interview techniques, observation and documentation. Data analysis in this study is data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. We guarantee the validity of the data in this study, namely credibility, transferability, reliability and verifiability. Performance evaluation is a supervisory activity in which employee performance is evaluated and policies are decided upon. The school principal seeks to improve the performance of teaching staff and provides opportunities or opportunities for each teacher to attend training courses, workshops and seminars. to improve the professional ability of teachers. This means that the madrasa head works with superiors to guide teachers and extracurriculars are held every year to improve the performance of teachers. Improving teacher performance is not just a principle, but teachers must also have the motivation to do better in the future. Determining teacher performance evaluation and the principal's efforts to improve teacher performance begins with planning, implementing, and evaluating the realization of teacher performance in the classroom. In addition, training courses, workshops and seminars are organized by schools and extracurricular institutions every year to increase teacher effectiveness.
Kedudukan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Dalam Membangun Pendidikan Karakter Di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , . Mustika Kirana Putri , . Azizah Tun Nafsiyah , . Wiwin Wulandari , . Ilham Ibnu Firdaus
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze the position of citizenship education in building character education in the era of globalization. The research was carried out at SDN Banyuanyar Kidul with data obtained from interviews and data collection through questionnaires. This research was conducted to analyze the suitability of learning civics education in thematic learning in order to create character education for students. The results of the study show that the position of citizenship education in building educational character plays an important role for students of SDN Banyuanyar Kidul.
Kajian Kebijakan Publik Menurut Tata Pemerintahan Yang Bersih Dan Berwibawa
Authors: . Erika Fara Septia Ningrum , . Moh. Adzib Zamroni , . Urnika Ainurrohma , . Uswatun Hasanah
Published: December 2023

The National Development Program is to realize clean and authoritative governance.  For this reason, appropriate policies are needed on institutional changes and management systems, the quality of human resources for apparatus, and an effective monitoring system.  Policy studies are expected to generate and transform information about values, facts and actions.  The purpose of this writing is to study public policy towards clean and authoritative governance.  The writing method is carried out by conducting relevant literature studies both from books, journals and articles.  So the state administration policy must be directed, to: 1) Close the abuse of authority in the form of KKN practices, 2) Growing the quality of state administration and, 3) Growing community empowerment in implementing development.
Hubungan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Dengan Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: . Uswatun Hasanah , . Alfiatus Syarofah , . Halimah , . Indani Khoirun Nisak
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between learning civics education and the formation of students' character, knowing what character education is, and the role of teachers in civics education in the formation of students' character. Citizenship education is an integral part of the national education system. Character education is good or superior, a system of instilling character values ​​in school members which includes components of knowledge, awareness or will, and actions to implement these values. This research uses descriptive method and qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the learning of citizenship education in schools has a relationship with the formation of the character of students, and also the teacher has an important role in the formation of good character for students because what the teacher does will certainly be emulated by students because they consider what is done by the teacher is true especially as a civics education teacher.
Penggunaan E-Learning Sebagai Media Interaktif Dalam Pembelajaran Dalam Jaringan (Daring)
Authors: . Faisal Al Fasih , . Sulystiani , . Putri Farhani , . Ali Ikhwan
Published: December 2023

Technology was an important role in the world of education, especially in the teaching and learning process where during the spread of the Covid-19 virus, all activities were transferred to remote or online (online) including learning carried out remotely through various technological media, one of the technologies used This is E-Learning, where e-learning is considered efficient in collecting assignments and providing learning materials, but even though online learning is considered to have advantages and looks fun because it can be done from home, it is not easy to do. This study aims to find out how important the use of E-learning is in the teaching-learning process during the Covid-19 period.
Penerapan Metode Ekspresi Bebas Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Menggambar Anak Kelompok Bermain Usia 5-6 tahun
Authors: . Lara Septaria , . Retno Wulandari , . Fahmi
Published: December 2023

Kindergarten age is the age when children express themselves a lot through free expression to increase creativity in children. The focus of this research is to discuss the application of the free expression method to increase the creativity of drawing in playgroup children aged 5-6 years. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of the free expression method to increase the drawing creativity of playgroup children aged 5-6 years. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with an active research approach in the classroom. While the data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data comes from student grades Secondary data is generated from peer observations. The results of the study that can be concluded are based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the free drawing method can increase children's creative efforts. This can be seen from the results of children's creativity at the pre-session stage before carrying out the procedure. Only 20% of children had creative abilities which increased to 40% in the first cycle and the level of mastery in the second cycle became 80%. From the data above it can be concluded that the free drawing method can increase the creativity of children in student play groups