bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of reducing fearfulness and stress in horses by prophylactic methods and behavioural therapies
Authors: BUDZYŃSKA MONIKA , JAROSZ MAGDALENA , KAPUSTKA JOANNA
Published: July 2022

The aim of this review was to present the possibilities of minimizing fearfulness and stress in horses by various prophylactic and therapeutic methods. The teaching techniques mentioned in the article (imprint training, habituation, desensitization, counterconditioning) can be successfully used not only during the early development of human-horse interaction, but also during the therapeutic treatment of undesired and stereotypic behaviours. Horses’ activity in the paddock and/or stable can be increased by different types of environmental enrichment (feeding, social, sensory, occupational and physical enrichment). Such environmental variety has a positive influence on equine welfare and can prevent the development of problematic behaviour. Animals living in a highly enriched environment and properly interacting with humans react with lower intensity to environmental stimuli. All these factors have a positive effect on the quality of the human-horse relationship, making the everyday maintenance and use of horses easier and safer.
Suspensory Ligament Injuries: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation
Authors: ZIELIŃSKA PAULINA , NICPOŃ JAKUB , ŚNIEGUCKA KAROLINA
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to present the causes, clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of suspensory ligament injuries in horses. Suspensory ligament damage is a major cause of lameness in sports horses. The suspensory ligament is a very strong anatomical structure – an average force of 1338 kg is needed to damage the suspensory apparatus. The diagnosis of lameness is complex, starting with anorthopedic examination and ending with imaging diagnostics. Treatment of damage to the suspensory ligament depends on the phase of tendon healing. Controlled exercise programmes with ultrasound monitoring are the gold standard for horses to return to the pre-injury level of activity.
Association of NRAMP1 gene polymorphism with the productive traits of the Ukrainian Large White pig
Authors: VASHCHENKO PAVLO , SAIENKO ARTEM , SUKHNO VITALII , TSERENIUK OLEKSANDR , BABICZ MAREK , SHKAVRO NATALYA , SMOŁUCHA GRZEGORZ , ŁUSZCZEWSKA-SIERAKOWSKA IWONA
Published: July 2022

The study aimed to determine the influence of NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms on the pig's productive traits. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples (n=50) from pigs of the Ukrainian Large White breed. Genotyping was performed at NRAMP1 loci at positions 72 and 364 (AvaII) SNP and 176 and 334 (HinfI) SNP, counting from the beginning of the amplified fragment 536 bp. Polymorphism was found at the last two these loci. For NRAMP1HinfI 334 SNP, the frequency of the allele T was 1.9 times as high as that of the allele C. The observed genotype distribution deviated significantly from the expected one for NRAMP1HinfI 334 SNP (χ2 = 10.150; p <0.01). Pigs of the Ukrainian Large White breed showed a rather high NRAMP1HinfI 334 SNP polymorphism (PIC = 0.35). Relationships were found between the Exon2 of the NRAMP1 gene (HinfI 334 SNP) polymorphism and the productive traits of pigs (average daily gains, p <0.05; fat thickness, p <0.01). The TT genotype positively affected the growth rate of the experimental pigs from day 28 to day 120, and their average daily gains were higher by 17.7 grams or 3.2% (p<0.05). At day 180, the body weight of pigs with the TT NRAMP1HinfI 334 SNP genotype was higher by 5.04 kg (p<0.05). At the same time, they had thicker backfat (P<0.01).
Partition and its Afterlife: Tracing Home, Memory and Longing in the Imagination of the Displaced Sylhetis
Authors:   Department of English, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India, Choudhury Suranjana
Published: July 2022

As people had to choose between one nation and the other during and after the Partition of 1947, homes were lost and lives were altered forever. India’s northeast, despite continuously bearing the consequences of this historical experience, remains largely an unacknowledged area in Partition studies. Any cursory exploration of Partition scholarship would reveal that Punjab and Bengal remain the primary sites of investigation. Where does one locate specificities of Partition experience of India’s northeast? Creative writers and artists in this region have also engaged with Partition and its seminal impact on the society and culture of India’s northeast. Through a study of select Partition writings from India’s northeast, this paper will examine the different registers of public and personal memories of Partition and its afterlife in the literary imagination of the displaced Sylhetis to bring forth a better understanding of the perpetuity of dislocation, loss and anxiety in the spheres of everydayness. Drawing upon Memory Studies and discourses concerning home and identity, this paper aims to explore how literature becomes important vehicle for representing inscription and transmission of Partition memories and connected idea of a lost home.
E-commerce: opportunities and threats of modern business
Authors: Skipin Dmitry L. , Koltsova Tatyana A. , Shargina Maria V. , Shargina Anastasia V.
Published: July 2022

The information and telecommunications network Internet is a comprehensive network, which is a system that allows many people to simultaneously perform various operations around the world. A modern person, using a computer, mobile phone or any other gadget, can work, study, make purchases. E-commerce is a rapidly developing system that allows transactions to be carried out electronically and contributes to the economic development of the country. Electronic commerce, as a type of electronic commerce, is gaining momentum and developing more and more actively every year, all over the world. Offering services and goods, this area brings together governments, industries and business owners. With the help of modern Internet technologies, partners and buyers can interact effectively, which contributes to the growth of trade and the economy, which means that e-commerce is an important component of the information society and macroeconomics in general. In the process of functioning of this sphere of the digital economy, there are many security threats for business, consumers and the state, but there are also many advantages. The purpose of the study is to reveal trends in the development of e-commerce in the country, emerging threats and ways to level them, as well as possible ways to improve the efficiency of its functioning. The study was based on a phased disclosure of consumer opportunities in the e-commerce market, threats and ways to eliminate them; advantages of sellers in the process of electronic commerce, emerging threats to economic security and their prevention; advantages and disadvantages of e-commerce for the state. The study resulted in recommendations for countering the problems and potential threats hindering the development of e-commerce in Russia.
The Vision of State and Social Life in the Normative Models of Environmental Awareness
Authors: Trempała Wojciech
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to compare the normative concepts of the most influential authors on environmental awareness and their visions of the state and society. In particular, it presents their attitudes toward the political system in the face of the environmental crisis, their opinions on modern technology, and their visions of an environmentally friendly social life. While the vast majority of the authors share the conviction that it is necessary to limit consumption, combat the domination of the destructive technosphere that alienates man from the environment, and base environmental policy on the needs of local communities, they often strongly differ in their visions of social life. Traditional models of the rule of law and democracy are sometimes countered with extremely utopian and metaphysical postulates that may – at least according to their critics – pose a real threat to freedom and human rights. Some are blatantly totalitarian, citing the impotence of democracy in the face of the looming ecological disaster. As this article is descriptive and theoretical in nature, organizing knowledge in the field of the issues discussed, its author decided to refrain from formulating research hypotheses.
Geochemical and isotopic study of phreatic aquifer in an arid area, case study of El Golea region (Algerian Sahara)
Authors: Fenazi Bilal , Zeddouri Aziez , Boucenna Fatih
Published: July 2022

Shallow groundwater is a major reservoir of water in arid areas. This water is characterized by strong mineralization which represents a major quality problem for human consumption and even for its use in agriculture. For this reason, geochemical, statistical and isotopic studies were conducted to obtain an overview of the processes that control water mineralization in the oasis of El Golea (Algerian Sahara). Spatial distributions of EC in this area show that the highest concentrations are situated close to the El Golea Lake formed by evaporitic rock. Geochemical and statistical analysis and data from 28 water points in the phreatic aquifer of the El Golea oasis show a strong correlation between electrical conductivity and the majority of chemical elements, indicating the influence of the interaction between fresh water and bed rock on this mineralization. The results obtained indicate that Carbonate minerals (calcite) are oversaturated in all groundwater samples. The ionic ratios demonstrate the role of weathering, dissolving, ion exchange, and evaporation procedures in mineralization acquisition. The scatter plot of that relates δ 2 H = f (δ 18 O) reveals that all of the samples were founds to be below both the GMWL of Craig (1961) and the Sfax local meteoric boundaries (South Tunisia) indicating that groundwater samples have an old origin. This isotopic composition depletion can be explained by the presence of mixes of phreatic groundwater and Continental Intercalaire (CI) (W2).
Lithostratigraphy and structure of the Macael marbles (Betic zone, Spain)
Authors: Arend Zevenhuizen Willem
Published: July 2022

A complex stack of tectonic imbricates is mapped and studied in the Nevado-Filábride Complex of the Macael-Cóbdar area of the Sierra de los Filabres. The lithostratigraphy and geological structure are unravelled, documenting key outcrops in the heavily quarried area that is famous for its pure white marble. Four principal successive stages of deformation are recognized, based on careful field work. Initial SW-verging folding and thrusting was followed by extensional, top-to-the-NW shearing. Late N-verging folding and thrusting is also prominent. The resulting lithostratigraphic and tectonic subdivision is compared with some of the previous investigations in the area, which span over 6 decades. The findings assert the importance of using detailed local field data and the difficulty to apply a simple stratigraphic or tectonic model for this part of the Betic Zone.
LA PROTECCIÓN DE LA AUTONOMÍA DEL DEUDOR FRENTE AL INCUMPLIMIENTO CONTRACTUAL. ¿DERECHO A CAMBIAR DE OPINIÓN?
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Pino Emhart Alberto
Published: July 2022

El artículo analiza las limitaciones al ejercicio de la pretensión de cumplimiento específico por incumplimiento contractual en el derecho chileno, a la luz de la protección de la autonomía del deudor en aquellos casos en los cuales el cumplimiento del contrato decisiones que afectan dicha autonomía. Esta justificación permite releer algunas normas del derecho chileno vigente, y adecuarlas a los principales instrumentos de armonización contractual que consagran, con algunos matices y diferencias, estas restricciones.
ARTURO ALESSANDRI RODRÍGUEZ Y EL NACIMIENTO DE LA DOCTRINA CIENTÍFICA EN CHILE
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alcalde Silva Jaime
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo expone la vida de Arturo Alessandri Rodríguez mirado como un jurista. Comienza con un esbozo biográfico que permite situar el tiempo durante el cual vivió y los principales hitos de su historia personal. Después se explica la contribución que supuso el trabajo académico de Alessandri en la configuración de una nueva etapa en el desarrollo dogmático del derecho civil, separando sus publicaciones y gestión universitaria. Sin embargo, su quehacer se extendió también al ámbito forense como parte de un despacho que existe hasta hoy, de manera que corresponde referir también algunos aspectos de su ejercicio profesional y el interés gremial que demostró durante sus más de 50 años como abogado.
COMENTARIO A LA SENTENCIA RECAÍDA EN RECURSO DE PROTECCIÓN, DE LA CORTE SUPREMA, 22 DE ENERO DE 2022
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Pinto Sarmiento Yenny
Published: July 2022

La sentencia que se comenta corresponde al fallo de la Corte Suprema, de 17 de junio de 2019. En particular el fallo discute la procedencia de la sanción de nulidad de despido, tratándose del despido de trabajadores contratados a honorarios en el Municipio demandado. La sentencia es relevante, en la medida que, como analizaremos, determina una órbita de delimitación entre el desempeño de labores bajo subordinación y dependencia, o bajo otra modalidad de prestación de servicios.
Poor academic performance in mathematics of upper basic students
Authors: Mendoza-Peñarrieta Francisca Lourdes , Alcívar-Cedeño Monserrate Dalila del Roció
Published: July 2022

The research aims to study the deficiencies in the school performance in the level of learning in the students of the Upper Basic in the subject of mathematics in the Educational Unit. September 26 at the Casa Grande site in the Canuto parish, Chone canton. The application of surveys aimed at teachers and parents was used as an instrument to match criteria for the verification of situational variables that influence the teaching-learning process, in addition, the quantitative, documentary and inductive-deductive methods were used. The different assessments that determine unfavorable conditions for optimal academic development in ninth-year students in the subject of mathematics are presented. The objective was to determine what causes cause poor academic performance in students, the result was that the student's coexistence environment directly affects school performance, triggering deficiencies for poor academic performance.
Commencing Deep Seabed Mining: A Review on Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining
Authors: Tobias Evan
Published: July 2022

In 2020, the Government of Indonesia enacted Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining, which amended Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining. Under this amendment, Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining expands the definition of mining law territories, as stipulated under Article 1, number 28a. This provision covers the mining law territories of the Indonesian archipelago, seabed area, and continental shelf. This study explores the legal consequences of the term “seabed area” in Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining, to determine whether the law paves the way for deep seabed mining. Through normative and descriptive approaches, this study found that despite the broader definitions of mining territories, Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining is insufficient to initiate deep seabed mining. This is because seabed mining requires a detailed governance structure, especially on the rights and duties of every party involved. Therefore, this paper recommends that the activity be regulated by a distinctive law that specifically addresses seabed mining.
Malaysia and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Mohd Hassan Fareed , Mohd Rusli Mohd Hazmi Bin
Published: July 2022

Through its founding treaty, the Rome Statute, the establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has received support and opposition from many countries. Despite working toward universal ratification or accession to the Rome Statute, Signatories and State Parties to the Rome Statute have decided not to ratify and withdraw from being Member States due to, among other reasons, the issue of immunity and criminal responsibility of the Head of State, which are not in line with their respective Constitution, particularly by Malaysia. As such, this study analyzes the position of immunity of the Head of State as well as the criminal responsibility of a military commander under international law, particularly under the Rome Statute and the Malaysian Constitution. Based on doctrinal analysis, this study argues that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, as the Malaysian Head of State and the Commander-in-Chief of the Malaysian Armed Forces, has immunity before the national court and, thus, will be highly exposed to ICC jurisdiction because the complementary principle under the Rome Statute cannot be implemented. This study concludes that being a part of the ICC Membership is untimely for Malaysia without the reconciliation of these contradictions.
Authoritarianism and Constitutional Politics in Post-Authoritarian Indonesian Society: Reemergence or Legacy
Authors: Shimada Yuzuru
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses how the legacy of authoritarianism in Indonesia has influenced the country’s post-authoritarian constitutional politics. Because of some degree of ideological continuity from the authoritarian period, post-authoritarian Indonesia shows a unique situation of constitutional politics. Specifically, the positioning of Pancasila as an incontestable state ideology exposes the freedom of expression and association to severe risks, even in post-authoritarian Indonesia. In the discussion of post-authoritarian Indonesian society and constitutional politics, I review how the violation of Pancasila has been defined in Indonesia both during and after the authoritarian period. To explore this issue, I examine the court judgments concerning the anti-subversion law in which anti-Pancasila activities were defined to restrict opinions. I then review the social organization law amended in 2017 to argue how the law links Pancasila with the discourse of Asian values. In conclusion, this paper argues that both during and after the authoritarian period, the interpretation of Pancasila was restricted, thus subjecting Indonesia’s political freedom to risk.
Erfgoed: ankerpunt of twistpunt?
Authors: AGORA Hoofdredactie
Published: July 2022

Conflict is inherent aan erfgoed. Er zijn immers veel waarden verbonden aan erfgoed en die kunnen voor iedereen anders zijn. Zo ontstaan er debatten over het al dan niet behouden, hergebruiken of aanpassen van bepaalde gebouwen, objecten en monumenten. De vraag is dan ook hoe om te gaan met deze debatten in een wereld die dialoog steeds vaker mijdt?
Erfgoed als strijdperk
Authors: van den Broek Andries
Published: July 2022

In weerwil van slogans als ‘erfgoed verbindt’ kan erfgoed ook verdelen. Erfgoed is in het verleden doelbewust in pogingen tot verbinding ingezet. De emancipatie van het individu heeft de rol van de overheid als duider van het erfgoed ondergraven en de multiculturele samenleving heeft tegenstellingen rond erfgoed verscherpt.
Pasto brasilero (Phalaris sp.): Alternativa forrajera para el trópico altoandino
Authors: Morales Montero Sonia Patricia , Meneses Buitrago Diego Hernán , Zapata Molina Jenny Jackeline , Castro Rincón Edwin , Cardona Iglesias Juan Leonardo
Published: July 2022

En las ganaderías del trópico alto colombiano, es fundamental un sistema de alimentación de base forrajera adecuado al requerimiento de las vacas. En la mayoría de los sistemas, predomina el uso de materiales para pastoreo directo, tipo kikuyo o raigrás, los cuales son dependientes de fertilización nitrogenada y riego. Como alternativa, existen otros materiales, como el pasto brasilero, que permite realizar un manejo de corte y acarreo para suministro directo o vía ensilaje. El pasto brasilero es un material para ser incorporado en sistemas ganaderos del trópico alto, con características nutricionales que pueden garantizar producción de leche de buena calidad en épocas críticas. Esta cartilla guía a los productores y asistentes técnicos en su manejo y aplicación en fincas lecheras, respecto a la preparación del terreno, la siembra, la fertilización, la cosecha y el suministro para los animales. Se trata de una herramienta de consulta directa, con información puntual y sencilla sobre el manejo de esta especie forrajera, resultado de diferentes procesos de investigación realizados por AGROSAVIA en el departamento de Nariño.
Inducing and Recording Acute Stress Responses on a Large Scale With the Digital Stress Test (DST): Development and Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Norden Matthias , Hofmann Amin Gerard , Meier Martin , Balzer Felix , Wolf Oliver T , Böttinger Erwin , Drimalla Hanna
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Valuable insights into the pathophysiology and consequences of acute psychosocial stress have been gained using standardized stress induction experiments. However, most protocols are limited to laboratory settings, are labor-intensive, and cannot be scaled to larger cohorts or transferred to daily life scenarios.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to provide a scalable digital tool that enables the standardized induction and recording of acute stress responses in outside-the-laboratory settings without any experimenter contact.

METHODS

On the basis of well-described stress protocols, we developed the Digital Stress Test (DST) and evaluated its feasibility and stress induction potential in a large web-based study. A total of 284 participants completed either the DST (n=103; 52/103, 50.5% women; mean age 31.34, SD 9.48 years) or an adapted control version (n=181; 96/181, 53% women; mean age 31.51, SD 11.18 years) with their smartphones via a web application. We compared their affective responses using the international Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form before and after stress induction. In addition, we assessed the participants’ stress-related feelings indicated in visual analogue scales before, during, and after the procedure, and further analyzed the implemented stress-inducing elements. Finally, we compared the DST participants’ stress reactivity with the results obtained in a classic stress test paradigm using data previously collected in 4 independent Trier Social Stress Test studies including 122 participants overall.

RESULTS

Participants in the DST manifested significantly higher perceived stress indexes than the Control-DST participants at all measurements after the baseline (P<.001). Furthermore, the effect size of the increase in DST participants’ negative affect (d=0.427) lay within the range of effect sizes for the increase in negative affect in the previously conducted Trier Social Stress Test experiments (0.281-1.015).

CONCLUSIONS

We present evidence that a digital stress paradigm administered by smartphone can be used for standardized stress induction and multimodal data collection on a large scale. Further development of the DST prototype and a subsequent validation study including physiological markers are outlined.
Pandemic-Triggered Adoption of Telehealth in Underserved Communities: Descriptive Study of Pre- and Postshutdown Trends (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Pei , Hudnall Matthew , Zhao Sidi , Raja Uzma , Parton Jason , Lewis Dwight
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The adoption of telehealth services has been a challenge in rural communities. The reasons for the slow adoption of such technology-driven services have been attributed to social norms, health care policies, and a lack of infrastructure to support the delivery of services. However, the COVID-19 pandemic–related shutdown of in-person health care services resulted in the usage of telehealth services as a necessity rather than a choice. The pandemic also fast-tracked some needed legislation to allow medical cost reimbursement for remote examination and health care services. As services return to normalcy, it is important to examine whether the usage of telehealth services during the period of a shutdown has changed any of the trends in the acceptance of telehealth as a reliable alternative to traditional in-person health care services.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to explore whether the temporary shift to telehealth services has changed the attitudes toward the usage of technology-enabled health services in rural communities.

METHODS

We examined the Medicaid reimbursement data for the state of Alabama from March 2019 through June 2021. Selecting the telehealth service codes, we explored the adoption rates in 3 phases of the COVID-19 shutdown: prepandemic, pandemic before the rollout of mass vaccination, and pandemic after the rollout of mass vaccination.

RESULTS

The trend in telemedicine claims had an opposite pattern to that in nontelemedicine claims across the 3 periods. The distribution of various characteristics of patients who used telemedicine (age group, gender, race, level of rurality, and service provider type) was different across the 3 periods. Claims related to behavior and mental health had the highest rates of telemedicine usage after the onset of the pandemic. The rate of telemedicine usage remained at a high level after the rollout of mass vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

The current trends indicate that adoption of telehealth services is likely to increase postpandemic and that the consumers (patients), service providers, health care establishments, insurance companies, and state and local policies have changed their attitudes toward telehealth. An increase in the use of telehealth could help local and federal governments address the shortage of health care facilities and service providers in underserved communities, and patients can get the much-needed care in a timely and effective manner.
A Study of Dissimilarities in the Pronunciation of Same Letters/Combinations of Same Letters Initiating with Alphabet ‘S’ in Distinct English Words
Authors: Koli Dr. Uttam Balu
Published: July 2022

The present research article puts forththe dissimilarities in the pronunciation of same letters/combinations of same lettersinitiating with alphabet ‘S’ in distinct English words. The same letters/combinations of same letters initiating with alphabet ‘S’ in distinct English words, having dissimilarities in the pronunciation, are seventy-two in total which have been focussedwith four hundred and thirty-fivesamplesconsisting of words plus phonetic transcriptions whichwill stimulate the English language learnersto become supreme in the chosen fragment of presentation. This article consists of introduction, hypothesis, objectives, methodology, significance, limitations, ‘S’ alphabet and explanations with samples.The conclusion as well as references are the important parts of any researchand they have been incorporated in the final part of the article.
Методология и методика проектирования благоустройства и озеленения исторических городов. Часть 1. Научное содержание информационно-аналитической модели проектирования благоустройства и озеленения исторических городов
Authors: Беляева Елена
Published: July 2022

В статье рассматривается проблема комплексного благо­устройства исторических городов, которая неразрывно связана с задачами сохранения (обеспечения сохранности) архитектур­ных ансамблей, памятников архитектуры, природно-историче­ских ландшафтов и ценных природных комплексов и требует использования междисциплинарных подходов, расширенных научно-проектных обоснований, а значит - специализированной методики, которая должна обеспечить междисциплинарные подходы. Классифицированы наиболее распространённые виды объектов благоустройства в исторических зонах городов, характерные площади и виды работ по благоустройству.
Научные основы методологии и создания специализиро­ванной методики градостроительства разработаны на основе результатов исследований автора и экспериментального про­ектирования в ООО «ИГБИ» в 2014-2020 годы, а в 2019-2020 годы - в ЦНИИП Минстроя[1].
 
[1] В «Методических рекомендациях по разработке норм и правил по благоустройству территорий муниципальных образований» (утверждены приказом Минстроя России от 29 декабря 2021 № 1042/пр) в числе принципов и подходов, рекомендуемых к применению, требования сохранности при­родного и культурного наследия и использования средств благоустройства, не вытекающие из задач регенерации исторических территорий, не значатся.
* Исследование выполнено за счёт средств государственной программы Российской Федерации «Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации» и Программы фундаментальных научных исследований государственных академий наук на 2013-2020 годы в рамках Плана фундаментальных научных исследований Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук и Министерства стро­ительства и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства Российской Федерации на 2019 год, тема № 4.3.4 «Градоэкологические основы фор­мирования городской застройки, обеспечивающие архитектурно-эстетические показатели комфорта среды проживания населения».
Влияние ЦКАД на градостроительное развитие Московской области
Authors: Климов Дмитрий , Ткаченко Людмила
Published: July 2022

В статье представлена оценка влияния строительства Центральной кольцевой автомобильной дороги (ЦКАД) на градостроительное развитие Московской области. Анализи­руются цели, задачи и особенности проектирования ЦКАД, в том числе как транспортного проекта мирового уровня. На основании утверждённых генеральных планов город­ских округов Московской области рассчитаны основные показатели градостроительного освоения территории в 20-километровой зоне влияния ЦКАД на период до 2040 года. Планируемые градостроительные преобразования зоны влияния ЦКАД обеспечивают на перспективу её сба­лансированное развитие в целом. Подчёркивается, что ЦКАД выполняет свою основную задачу - создание условий для перемещения градостроительной активности из ближнего пояса в серединную часть Московской области и переходу к новой модели социально-экономического развития, ос­нованной на высокой мобильности населения. В условиях возрастания общей экономической неопределённости в стране и геополитических рисков показаны возможные гра­достроительные и экологические риски функционирования ЦКАД для Московского региона.

* Статья подготовлена на основании результатов исследований, выполненных в ГАУ «НИиПИ градостроительства».
Автоматизированный мониторинг конструкций аварийного энергоблока Березовской ГРЭС
Authors: Колотовичев Юрий , Шахраманьян Андрей , Гаспарянц Рубен , Сокоушин Игорь
Published: July 2022

Березовская ГРЭС, расположенная в Шарыповском районе Красноярского края, является самой мощной тепловой электростанцией региона (3 энергоблока по 800 МВт). Электростанция работает в составе объединенной энергетической системы (ОЭС) Сибири с 1987 года, вырабатывая 4,6% её установленной мощности.

1 февраля 2016 года в котельном отделении энергоблока № 3 произошел пожар, вызвавший масштабные разрушения несущих конструкций и технологического оборудования. Эксплуатация энергоблока была прервана для проведения уникальных по сложности ремонтно-восстановительных работ.

Впервые в России при разборке завалов и демонтаже поврежденных конструкций было решено организовать комплекс мероприятий по постоянному мониторингу напряжённо-деформированного состояния (НДС) несущих конструкций для обеспечения безопасности персонала, задействованного при проведении работ.

В статье приводится общая информация о проектных и организационных решениях по внедрению системы автоматизированного мониторинга НДС конструкций котельного отделения энергоблока №3 Березовской ГРЭС — филиала ПАО «Юнипро». Даны подробные сведения об архитектуре и топологии системы, описаны применяемое оборудование, методика проведения измерений, программное обеспечение и регистрируемые с его помощью параметры состояния восстанавливаемого сооружения.

Особое внимание уделено опыту валидации конечно-элементной модели несущего каркаса энергоблока по результатам инструментального мониторинга. Предложена инженерная методика оценки горизонтального смещения консольных сооружений по данным инклинометрических наблюдений. Приведены некоторые результаты неразрушающего контроля металлоконструкций, которые помогли определить оптимальную схему проведения автоматизированных измерений
Effects of Dual Task Training Versus PNF Pattern on Balance and Cognition in Geriatric Population
Authors: V Rajalaxmi , Arthi J , Kumar G.Mohan , N Muthukumaran , K Balathandayutham , K Saraswathi , Kavitha E
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Dual task training versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) training on balance and cognition in geriatric population. There is growing evidence of the involvement of executive control in the maintenance of balance in older people. Balance is considered as one of the risk factors for fall especially in older adults. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation training is one of the effective way to maintaining balance. PNF pattern exercise can activate joint sense by moving almost all joints of the body simultaneously. This is an experimental design with pre and post comparative study. This was conducted in the Physiotherapy Outpatient department in ACS Medical College and Hospital. The study duration was about 12 weeks. The subjects between the age group of 65 – 85 years of both sex those without orthopedic problems were included in this study. The subjects with severe dementia, severe cardiac problems, who had undergone recent surgery were excluded from the study. 50 Geriatric individuals were selected and divided into two groups in which Group AReceived Dual Task Training and Group B received PNF training for a period of 12 weeks. The outcome measures were Balance and cognition. The outcome tools were Berg Balance Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Brief Cognitive Rating Scale and Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment Scale. On comparing Pretest and Post test within Group A and Group B on Fall Efficacy Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment and Brief Cognitive Rating Scale shows highly significant difference in Mean values at P <0.001. Thus this study concludes that Dual Task training increases Balance and Cognition in Geriatric population
Study to Assess the Drug Consumption and Rationality in the Prescription of Outpatients Undergoing Periodontal Treatment
Authors: Chaudhary Amit , Sharma Dharmesh , Negi Rajan , Supehia Sakshi , Thakur Malvika
Published: July 2022

Drug utilisation research is essential in clinical practice because it serves as the foundation for implementing changes to drug dispensing rules at the local and national levels. The ultimate goal of such a study is to make drug usage more reasonable. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to collect data on drug utilisation among dental patients from Himachal Pradesh's Department of Periodontics to identify possible targets for improving drug prescribing habits. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were collected prospectively from a total of 849 medical records of patients. The patient's information included their OPD number, age, sex, health problem description, and prescription parameters, including medicine name, route, strength, dose form, quantity, duration, investigations, provisional diagnosis, and therapy. Prescriptions were analysed using WHO core drug indicators and WHO ATC/DDD approach to calculate drug consumption. The most prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin, separately or in combination. The number of DDD consumed and the DDD/1000 population/day was the maximum for vitamins, followed by antibacterial and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The average number of drugs per encounter was 2.2. The percentage of encounters with an antibiotic in prescription was very high i.e., 72.3%. Only 37.6% of medications were prescribed, from NLEM 2015, and 14.60% generic names were prescribed. The dental practitioners did not adhere to WHO prescribing guidelines. The lowered number of prescriptions for generic names was a subject of worry
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING: EVIDENCE FROM LOWER-MIDDLE INCOME AND HIGH-INCOME ECONOMIES
Authors: Shah Mona N , Mulliner Emma , Singh T. P. , Ahuja Arun K.
Published: July 2022

The provision of affordable housing is a pressing challenge that exists around the globe. Successful completion of affordable housing projects is, therefore, of great significance in both developed and developing countries. The primary objective of this paper is to identify the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for affordable housing projects. To achieve this a comprehensive review of international literature is conducted to identify relevant factors. Nine groups of CSFs were formed, namely: Policy and government support; Land and planning process; Role of Financial Institutions and funding aspects; Sustainability; Designing and materials selection; Approvals, procedures, and clearances; Project management and value engineering; Infrastructure development of Project; and Facility Management. Subsequently, a survey is conducted with experts in India in order to validate and rank the criticality of the identified success factors in the Indian context. Expert rankings are provided for a range of affordable housing products. The results indicate that ‘policy and government support’, ‘land and planning process’, ‘role of financial institutions and funding aspects’ and ‘approvals, procedures and clearances’ are generally the top four CSFs for affordable housing projects. However, the results also indicate that importance of the CSFs was found to vary across different housing products (social, public, and private housing and rental and ownership models). A secondary objective of this paper is to identify differences in approaches to the implementation of the established CSFs in practice. The paper presents a case study comparison between India (a lower-middle income country) and the UK (a high income developed country). Pune in India and London in the UK are compared to determine how well countries of different income levels are achieving the established CSFs. Results suggests a variation in the local contexts in the delivery of successful affordable housing and it is found that developed countries are better at government support and policies, land planning, and incentives to developers for affordable housing delivery.
THE IMPORTANCE AND USE OF KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN QUANTITY SURVEYING FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Adegbembo Taiwo
Published: July 2022

Quantity surveying firms in Nigeria are performing poorly and Knowledge Management (KM) has been identified as crucial to the survival of organisations, so measuring the KM of a firm is fundamental to the success of KM and the firm at large. Therefore, the study aims to assess the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for measuring KM in Quantity Surveying Firms (QSFs) with a view to ascertain the KPI important and used by QSFs in Nigeria. The study adopted the survey research design where quantitative data was collected through the use of a structured questionnaire on a 5 Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data collected and the result discussed. A total of 86 questionnaires were retrieved out of the 134 distributed making the response rate 64% and all were deemed fit for analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested and the Cronbach Alpha test gave a value of 0.888 which makes the data fit for analysis. Mean Item Score (MIS) was used to rank the factors while quadrant analysis was used to compare the rate of importance with the rate of use of the identified KPI. Findings indicate that both usefulness of stored knowledge and knowledge exchange that led to innovation was the most important and used performance indicators in QSFs while distributed incentives, classifications in databases, and other contributions are the least important and used by QSFs. This implies that QSFs reuse the knowledge stored in their databases as they find the knowledge stored very useful. Also, the firms make use of the knowledge they acquire from each other to develop innovations within the organisation.
The Appendices of Empire: Why Writings from the Colonial Era Need to be Read in their Entirety
Authors: A. Noor Farish
Published: July 2022

Among the many outcomes of the critique of Orientalism and the writings that emerged from the colonial era is the view that most, if not all, works that were published during the era of Empire are tainted by racial prejudice and Orientalist tropes and stereotypes of the non-Western Other. While this may be the case, this paper argues that there are still many reasons for postcolonial scholars to read such works today, from an informed and critical postcolonial perspective. This paper will look at three works by three colonial-era writers – Thomas Stamford Raffles’ The History of Java (1817); John Crawfurd’s Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-General of India to the Court of Ava (1829); and Henry Keppel’s The Expedition to Borneo of the HMS Dido for the Suppression of Piracy (1846) – and show how, through a deep and critical reading of the texts, we can see the contradictions, ironies and uncertainties of the imperial project; and by so doing debunk the notion that Western colonialism in Southeast Asia was a linear, organised and systematic process entirely determined by the colonial powers themselves.
Peranan Badan Kerajaan dalam Perusahaan dan Perniagaan Orang Melayu di Terengganu, 1900-1941
Authors: Abd Wahab Norazilawati , Mohd Noor Arba'iyah , Sulaiman Ruhaizan , Sulaiman Ruzaini
Published: July 2022

Government bodies play an important role in generating a balanced development of a state. In fact, the development of a society is also closely related to the systems and policies that have been established by a government body. This happens because the government body is one of the main agents and driving tools in changing society from a static and traditional to a more developed and progressive society. Therefore, this article aims to see the extent of the role played by government bodies such as Terengganu Town Council (Majlis Bandaran Terengganu), Terengganu Arts and Craft Society (TACS), Malayan Art and Craft Society (MACS), Malayan Agri-Horticultural Association (M.A.H.A), British Empire Exhibition (B.E.E) and the Trade and Industry's Office in helping the Malay enterprise and business activities in Terengganu from 1900 to 1941. This study used a qualitative method which had involved collecting and analysing data from primary sources obtained from the National Archives of Malaysia such as CO 840/1 (Terengganu Administration Report, 1910-1930), CO 840/2 (Terengganu Administration Report 1931-1940), Terengganu State Secretary File, and British Adviser Terengganu File. In addition, secondary sources such as journals, books, book chapters, and magazines were also utilised to further strengthen the study conducted. The results of the study found that the existence of various government bodies in Terengganu managed to play a significant role in developing Malay enterprises and businesses in Terengganu from 1900 to 1941.
Penelitian Sejarah Terhadap Kes Pembunuhan Wanita India di Tanah Melayu, 1900-1945
Authors: Katigason Karthiayini , Mohamed Dali Azharuddin
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to examine the social problems of Indian women in Malaya focusing on the murder cases of Indian women in Malaya from 1900 to 1945. This paper examines the motives of Indian women killed in Malaya. Specifically, this study is a historical study that focuses on the hardships faced by Indian women in Malaya until they became victims of murder in the pre -independence era. This study uses a qualitative method that analyzes data from the first and second sources. The findings of the study showthat Indian women had been victims of murder in which they were brutally murdered. Murder cases are often due to domestic problems such as jealousy, resentment, anger, suspicion, cheating wives or having relationships with other men and mental disorders.
The Cold War Tension in Greece and the Continuation of British Rule in Cyprus, 1945-1950
Authors: Hussain Norasmahani
Published: July 2022

Cyprus officially became a British Crown Colony in 1925. However, the Greek Cypriots had consistently fought for enosis which was a union with Greece. As the biggest population in Cyprus, the Greek Cypriots felt that Cyprus was qualified to be a part of the Greece state; hence they revolted against British rule. This paper will expound on the decision of the British to remain in Cyprus despite the Greek Cypriots’ effort for enosis. The existing literature concerning this issue illustrates that the strategic geographical location of Cyprus, being near to the British communication route to the Middle East and the Eastern Empire, is the apparent reason for the British retaining its sovereign power in Cyprus. The main objective of this paper is to examine the other reason for Britain to remain in Cyprus that is still absent from the literature. This paper has focused on the perspective of British Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin and his Foreign Office through the method of the archival research of British records such as Bevin’s Private Papers (FO800), the Cabinet Office Papers (CAB), the Foreign Office Papers (FO371), the Colonial Office files (CO), the Defence Ministry Papers (DEFE) and the House of Commons Parliamentary Debate (HANSARD). The finding shows that the Cold War tension in Greece, which was the Greek Civil War (1946-1949), had encouraged Bevin and the Foreign Office to reject any proposals or initiatives that favoured the idea of Cyprus being returned to Greece. There was a possibility of the communist insurgents took over Greece given they had successfully formed a provisional government in northern Greece. Bevin worried that Cyprus would also turn communist if it was ceded to Greece during this crucial time. This matter would also endanger the British geostrategic in Cyprus. This was the most likely event that Bevin wanted to avoid happening.
Malaysia's Trade and Economy Transition between the Era of Tunku Abdul Rahman and Tun Mahathir, 1960s -1990s
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad Akmal
Published: July 2022

This article will focus on the main factors of change and development of economic modernization in trade. Since Malaysia gained independence, the agricultural sector has been a significant contributor to the country's financial income. However, in the 1980s, the industrial sector became essential to the national economy through gas and petroleum production. This situation changed the country's economic system and policies from the agricultural industry to the industrial sector in the early 1980s. The study examines the critical factors in Malaysia's economic development and trade changes from the 1960s to the 1990s. The study will also discuss changes and developments in the country's significant financial and trade policies. This research is using qualitative method by analyzing primary documents or materials from archives and secondary sources such as journal articles related to this research. The study began in the 1960s to take the year of Malaysia's independence in 1957 and ended before the Asian economic crisis in 1997. The findings show that internal factors such as government policy approaches and the country's vital financial resources were determinants of trade sector change. In addition, external factors of changes in the world economic environment and economic blocs also affect the modernization of the world economy. Therefore, internal and external factors play an essential role in developing the modernization of the trade economy.