bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi PJBL-Inventor Guna Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru di Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Rahman Rifki Zainur , Budiarto Wahyu
Published: April 2022

Guru yang memiliki kompetensi yang baik berdampak pada kualitas pendidikan. Tugas guru dalam mendidik, mengajar, membimbing, mengarahkan, melatih serta mengevaluasi harus dikembangkan dengan baik agar hasil yang tercapai dapat berkontribusi dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Sebab guru yang berkualitas dapat mewujudkan pendidikan yang bermutu. Untuk itu perlu diperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempunyai nilai determinan dalam membentuk guru yang berkualitas. Peningkatan kompetensi guru dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara antara lain melalui pelatihan guru. Pelatihan guru bertujuan untuk memperdalam kompetensi guru khususnya guru Teknik Permesinan sehingga memenuhi standart yang ditentukan. Model pelatihan yang di desain pada paper ini adalah pelatihan inventor menggunakan model Project Based-Learning. Harapan penyususn dari paper ini dapat menjadikan konsep pelatihan guru dengan model Project Based-Learning dapat diterapkan di dalam lembaga pelatihan sehingga dapat membantu untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru.
Persepsi Petani terhadap Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) (Studi Kasus; Dusun Nanasan, Desa Balesari, Kecamatan Ngajum, Kabupaten Malang)
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Cahyani Dwi Nirnia Ari , Pratiwi Anggraeni Hadi , Paramitha Astrid Ika , Saepuddin Ahmad , Ishak Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perspepsi petani terhadap pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) dan memberikan ketrampilan kepada petani mengenai pembuatan POC yang ramah dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di dusun Nanasan, Desa Balesari, Kecamatan Ngajum, Kabupaten Malang. Sebagian penduduk bermata pencaharian sebagai petani jahe, sayur, kopi, selama ini penggunaan pupuk hanya mengandalkan pupuk kimia sintesis. Pada saat ini ketersediaan pupuk kimia bersubsidi sangat dibatasi, ini menjadikan masalah bagi petani di dusun Nanasan. Petani yang mengikuti pelatihan sebanyak 25 orang. Pelatihan ini didampingi oleh bapak Basiri ketua Bengkel Mimpi P4S (Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian Perdesaan Swadaya) Desa Kanigoro, Kademangan. Kegiatan ini meliputi pemberian materi secara offline (langsung) dan kemudian dilanjutkan praktik pembuatan POC yang dilakukan oleh para petani. Persepsi petani dusun Nanasan yang mengikuti pelatihan mulai terbuka dan aktif untuk mempraktikkan sendiri pembuatan POC. Luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu para petani mampu dengan mandiri membuat POC dan tidak ketergantungan dengan pupuk kimia sintesis bersubsidi. Pada hakikatnya dengan menerapkan sistem bertani secara organik maka akan mendapatkan hasil panen yang sehat, berkualitas, dan nilai ekomonis yang tinggi.
Model Pembelajaran Materi Matematika secara daring di SMA
Authors: Lumbantoruan Jitu Halomoan , Simbolon Kerdid , Manalu Risma Uly , Natalia Stevi
Published: April 2022

PkM bertujuan untuk pemodelan matematika. Saat online banyak yang tidak sesuai antara perencanaan dan pelaksanaan. Surve kementerian pendidikan dan lembanga UNICEF 2020 diperoleh 58% kurang efektif saat online. Surve juga dilakukan di SMA dan mendapati, 38% kurang motivasi, 35% alat komunikasi buruk, dan 62% membutuhkan internet gratis, 92% kesulitan konsep matematika secara online. Metode pelaksanaan PkM berbentuk studi kasus, dengan mengembangkan materi matematik. PkM dilaksanakan siswa IPA 1, 2 dan 3 kelas XI SMA Yadikan 11 Jatirangga Bekasi, tanggal 25-28 Mei 2021. Hasil PkM: 1) Bentuk materi yang dapat diiplementasikan secara daring 2) Strategi mengajar dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran secara daring, dengan respon sangat baik yaitu 90.50%, 3) Bentuk penilaian hasil belajar peserta didik menunjukan 87% sangat baik, 10% baik dan 3% cukup baik. Ada peningkatan peserta didik pasca PkM dilakukan, hal ini terlihat dari hasil belajar dan surve kepuasan peserta didik 89% menyatakan puas. Tindak lanjud dari PkM adalah memonitoring hasil belajar peserta didik dan mengadakan monev dengan guru matematika, membahas masalah, kesulitan peserta dan solusi yang harus dilakukan. Kesimpulan dari hasil PkM adalah adanya peningkatan minat peserta untuk belajar matematika berbantuan materi yang disusun pelaksana PkM. Materi yang disusun meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam mengatasi kesulitan.
Pelatihan Jarak Jauh Tentang Pemberian Makan Bayi dan Anak Kepada Kader Kesehatan Puskesmas Kototinggi dengan Pendekatan Emotional Demonstration
Authors: Auliya Rahmy Hafifatul , Dewi Risti Kurnia , Firdaus Firdaus , Symond Denas
Published: April 2022

Puskesmas Kototinggi, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota merupakan salah satu puskesmas yang memiliki tiga desa untuk pencepatan pengetasan balita pendek/ stunting yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah pada tahun 2020. Masalah kekurangan gizi dapat disebabkan karena pola asuh baik pola asuh makan, pola asuh psikososial, pola asuh ke pelayanan kesehatan dan pola asuh kebersihan yang tidak optimal. Kader merupakan salah satu ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan di tingkat yang paling bawah. Sehingga sangat diperlukan penguatan kapasitas kader dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada ibu balita. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pelatihan kepada kader kesehatan tentang pola asuh makan bayi dan anak dengan pendekatan Emotional Demonstration (Emo Demo). Pada kondisi pandemi COVID-19 ini penulis menginisiasi pelatihan yang dilakukan melalui jarak jauh dengan menggunakan zoom meeting selama dua hari. Tahapan pelaksanaan kegiatan dimulai dengan koordinasi dengan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, koordinasi tim dengan trainer emodemo dari Non Goverment Organization Global Alliances Improvement Nutrition (GAIN), koordinasi dengan Puskesmas Kototinggi, training of trainer tenaga kesehatan dan pelatihan kader. Hasil dari pelatihan yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kader tentang pola asuh makan. Setelah pelatihan ini diharapkan kegiatan penyuluhan dapat dilakukan kader kepada ibu balita dengan menggunakan emodemo sehingga ibu anak usia bawah lima tahun dapat memberikan pola asuh makan yang tepat serta dapat berdampak status gizi dan kesehatan anak balita.
The Role of Stimuli Complexity and Handedness on Visual Symmetry and Asymmetry Preference
Authors: Tamás Borbála , Barta Andrea , Szamosközi István
Published: April 2022

Previous research results indicate visual information processing asymmetry in case of visual verbal stimuli. However, other studies that investigate nonverbal stimuli processing show inconsistent effect of laterality. Although differences between left- and right-handers can be found in tasks that involve letters, spatial attention stimuli and visuomotor control performance, the differences between the two groups almost disappear in several directional preference tasks, suggesting that direction preference is influenced mainly by writing and reading habits. Perceiving visual art involves visual attention, that is driven by the bottom-up aspects of the visual stimuli, therefore perception of nonverbal images, that contain geometrical forms might be influenced by handedness. To assess the possible differences in visual symmetry- asymmetry preference, university students (N = 65) were divided into two groups based on handedness, and as a measurement we used simple- complex- symmetrical and asymmetrical geometrical forms. Our main result shows a significant effect of stimuli complexity on symmetry-asymmetry preference. The interaction effect between handedness and symmetry-asymmetry type was not significant. After conducting a pairwise comparison our results show that right-handers evaluate simple and complex symmetrical forms as more preferable than simple and complex asymmetrical forms. We also found that there is a preference for symmetry over asymmetry in both groups, however these differences are significant only in the right-handed group. We conclude that preference for symmetrical geometrical forms is not influenced by handedness, however preference for complexity is affected by right-handedness. To extend these results, further investigations are needed.
KURSUS BIMBINGAN BELAJAR MENYENANGKAN DAN GRATIS DI SEKOLAH DASAR YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN BEERSEBA
Authors: Simanjuntak Hotmaida , Parsaoran Manurun Junifer , Sihombing Desi Era , Warni Tambunan Lasma , Hutasoit Febriyanti , Aurelia Situmorang Ribka , Ongsina Ongsina
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This study will explain about Community service is the implementation of the practice of science, technology and cultural arts directly on the community institutionally through scientific methodologies as the spread of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education and noble responsibility in an effort to develop community capabilities, so as to accelerate the rate of growth achievement of national development goals. The objectives to be achieved through community service activities are as follows: a) Increasing the speed of the process of increasing the capacity of human resources in accordance with the rate of development growth; b) Increasing the speed of community development efforts towards the establishment of a harmonious and dynamic society that is ready to take changes towards improvement and progress in accordance with socio-cultural values and norms in the life of a developing community in the life of the prevailing society; c) Increasing the speed of efforts to foster community institutions and professions in accordance with the growth rate of the modernization process in people's lives themselves; and d) To obtain feedback and input for the faculty in order to increase the relevance of education, it is necessary to have experts who have interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary abilities. It is hoped that the PKM that has been implemented can be beneficial to the community, especially to: a) Beerseba Elementary School Foundation, and especially for Beerseba Elementary School students; b) The surrounding community where students serve are residents of JL. Kaswari; c) HKBP Nommensen University; and d) Students who carry out PKM.Keywords: Course, Tutoring, Fun, Free, Elementary School.
PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TEKANAN DARAH LANJUT USIA HIPERTENSI DIKELURAHAN TANGKERANG TENGAH
Authors: Ovari Isna , Nora Anggreini Silvia , Hamdan Moh
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The second most common disease experienced by patients in Riau Province is hypertension with 2,160,932 people, the highest prevalence in Riau is Pekanbaru, as many as 422,443 people (Dinkes Riau, 2020). If someone who has hypertension does not get treatment and control regularly, it will bring the patient into more serious cases and can even cause death (Nurul, 2020). Efforts to prevent complications in hypertension need to be carried out with proper hypertension management, one of which is non-pharmacological management. One of the non-pharmacological management is relaxation techniques, including progressive relaxation. This study aims to determine the effect of progressive relaxation on changes in blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension in RW 08 Tangkerang Tengah Village, this study was carried out on 16 May to 10 June 2021. The design of this study used a pre-experimental design with a one group pre-post test design. . The number of samples was 15 hypertension patients in RW 08 using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the average difference in systolic blood pressure before and after progressive relaxation was 7,133 and the average diastolic difference before and after being given progressive relaxation was 7,200. There is a significant difference before and after progressive relaxation on changes in blood pressure in the elderly where the p value (0.000) means that there is an effect of progressive relaxation on changes in blood pressure in the elderly in RW 08 Tangkerang Tengah Village. The recommendation from this research is for nurses to do progressive relaxation to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients, as well as input in the selection of nursing interventions.Keywords: Hypertension, Progressive relaxation, Elderly
EVALUASI REGULASI PERMAINAN INTERAKTIF ELEKTRONIK DI INDONESIA (STUDI TERHADAP TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK ATAS BENDA VIRTUAL)
Authors: Saleh Hasibuan Anwar
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Transactions through internet media, especially transactions for goods, are interesting things to do a study, especially if the goods being transacted are intangible goods or also known as virtual objects.  The problem in this study is related to the legality of electronic transactions on virtual objects in the regulation of electronic interactive games in Indonesia and the legality of electronic transactions on ideal virtual objects in the regulation of electronic interactive games in Indonesia. This type of research is normative legal research. Judging from its nature, the nature of this research is descriptive analytical which is a study to describe and analyze existing problems and is included in the type of library research. Electronic transactions for virtual objects in the regulation of electronic interactive games in Indonesia, such as Mobile Legends: Bang Bang, Player Unknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG), and Call of Duty, are declared valid if the subjective and objective conditions of the electronic contract are met, namely there is an agreement between the parties. The legality of electronic transactions for virtual objects that are ideal in the regulation of electronic interactive games in Indonesia is that online games that are legal and not illegal to be played and prohibition of any illegal transaction patterns in legal online games, such as gambling simulations (roulette) in the game or other gambling simulations that have an economic advantage for online game owners. Keywords: Electronic Transactions, Virtual Objects, Electronic Interactive Games
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS USAHA EKONOMI KELURAHAN SIMPAN PINJAM (UEK-SP) AMANAH MANDIRI KELURAHAN SIDOMULYO TIMUR KECAMATAN MARPOYAN DAMAI PEKANBARU
Authors: Pahlawan Ryan
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The Savings and Loans Village Economic Business (UEK-SP) plays a very important role in supporting the economic development of the community at the village level. Therefore, good processing of UEK SP is needed, in order to survive and continue to serve the needs of the community. The purpose of this study was to analyze the profitability of the Savings and Loans (UEK-SP) Amanah Mandiri Village, East Sidomulyo Village, Marpoyan Damai District, Pekanbaru. In this study using descriptive analysis by analyzing financial ratios such as working capital turnover ratios and profitability ratios. The results showed that the management of working capital in the savings and loan unit was better than that of the sub-district economic enterprise (UEK). However, the limited working capital of the savings and loan business unit requires the sub-district government to increase the working capital of the savings and loan unit, for example by setting aside profits from the UEK to increase the working capital of the savings and loan unit. Thus, the savings and loan unit can increase its profitability.Keywords: Profitability, Economic Business Of Save And Loan Sub-District (UK-SP)
ADMINISTRASI PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENGHADAPI KARAKTERISTIK DARI PARADIGMA PENDIDIKAN POLITIK
Authors: Nurharpani Nurharpani
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This study will explain the importance of the Political Education Administration Paradigm, which directs education to reflect on the dominant ideology towards socio-political transformation. Political education is education that seeks to create space to identify and analyze all the potential possessed by students freely and critically to realize the process of social transformation. The quality of education administration resulting from educational output is largely determined by the processes that occur in educational interactions. The whole process and method in education is based on the objectives to be achieved from the education. While the goals of education are determined based on the choice of paradigm that is used as the basis for education. From these assumptions, it can be seen how the paradigm in education is something that is fundamental and determines the results of education. Good and bad output from education is largely determined by the educational paradigm adopted.Keywords: Educational Administration, Characteristics, Paradigm, Political Education.
THE PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION OF MINANGKABAU TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN MUATAN LOKAL CURRICULUM OF WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Mayuasti Mayuasti , Prahara Surya
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Permasalahan dalam  penelitian ini adalah tidak ditemukannya kandungan perlindungan dan pelestarian budaya Minangkabau dalam Kurikulum Muatan Lokal yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Sebenarnya kurikulum harus memuat kajian tentang perlindungan dan pelestarian budaya dan pengetahuan tradisional sebagaimana diakui oleh Deklarasi PBB tentang Hak-Hak Masyarakat Adat, Pasal 31. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model Kurikulum Muatan Lokal yang mewujudkan unsur perlindungan dan pelestarian budaya pada konten pembelajaran. Metode penelitian ini adalah Kualitatif dengan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Instrumen yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi yang melibatkan pemerintah daerah dan pejabat adat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah model Kurikulum Muatan Lokal Sumatera Barat yang mengintegrasikan isi perlindungan dan pelestarian budaya dengan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang budaya itu sendiri.Kata kunci: Perlindungan, Pelestarian, Pengetahuan Adat Minangkabau, Kurikulum Muatan Lokal.
Sustainability of Introduced Lonicera L. Species to Absheron Conditions
Authors: Mammadov T. , Gulmammadova Sh. , Seyidli A.
Published: April 2022

The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the results of the introduction of 13 species of the genus Lonicera L. in the conditions of Absheron. Information was obtained on the developmental biology of the introduced species Lonicera L., vegetation features, growth of shoots were studied. The results of many studies of the relationship between winter hardiness and the duration of the growing season are given. It was found that the vegetation can be divided into 6 phenological groups according to the start and end times of the vegetation, and the plants were selected for their sustainability to adverse conditions. The analysis of the collected material shows the distribution of plants by phenogroups and their winter hardiness.
SEVERE ASYMMETRICAL ATROPHY OF THE MAXILLA, COMBINED TRANS-ZYGOMATIC IMPLANT PROTOCOL. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Put V. , Kononov I. , Mamedov S. , Gladyshev M.
Published: April 2022

Angular and trans-zygomatic implantation is an alternative to most maxillary augmentations with severe deformations and extreme atrophy. The usage of the frontal section of the maxilla for implantation surgery after tooth extraction provides effective stability for implants and prostheses. This is the most frequently used protocol for intraoperative direct replacement with traditional and trans-zygomatic implants after extraction of the frontal teeth. Immediate functional loading with provisional restorations is always guaranteed. This saves a considerable amount of treatment time. Augmentations on the maxilla are not necessary. We present a clinical case of implant prosthetic rehabilitation using conventional and trans-zygomatic implants in extreme atrophy and deformations of the maxillary frontal region.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE TRANS-ZYGOMATIC AND PTERYGOID IMPLANT SURGERY TECHNIQUE IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE MAXILLARY ATROPHY
Authors: Gladyshev M. , Put V. , Dolgaev A. , Gladysheva A. , Kalashnikova O. , Kononov I.
Published: April 2022

Angular and trans-zygomatic implants are an alternative to most augmentation procedures on the upper jaw. Priority application of trans-zygomatic, pterygoid and traditional implants on the upper jaw in different techniques and combinations. Extensive possibilities for rehabilitation of patients with severe and extreme atrophy and post-traumatic changes of the upper jaw. Trans-zygomatic implants provide immediate functional loading with prosthetic constructions according to the protocol of intraoperative direct prosthetics. Treatment time, cost and the need for augmentation procedures are reduced. Specialists strive to reduce the risks and invasiveness of techniques by optimising surgical access techniques.
SINUS LIFTING SURGERY WITH SIMULTANEOUS SANATION OF THE LOWER SECTIONS OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS
Authors: Yamurkova N. , Ivanov S. , Mukhametshin R. , Trubushkina E. , Kutsenko A.
Published: April 2022

This article presents a new method of reconstruction of the atrophied distal alveolar process of the maxilla in patients with chronic polyposis sinusitis that we have developed and introduced into clinical practice. The method provides for bone grafting using open sinus inlay technique with simultaneous removal of polyps from the maxillary sinus and immediate or delayed placement of dental implants. Previously, the presence of extranasal sinus polyps was a contraindication to sinus lifting surgery. Treatment required an additional stage of the sinus sanation, which is possible only in the in-patient department, prolongs the rehabilitation time for patients with tooth loss, and extends the prosthetics period for dental implants. Moreover, it is not always possible to predict the exact time of the in-patient stage of treatment because of the individual characteristics of the body and the risk of possible complications, which in turn can increase the total period of surgical treatment. The developed method makes it possible to exclude the stage of in-patient treatment involving sanation of the maxillary sinus in this category of patients and thus reduces the duration of surgical treatment by 3–4 months.
POST-STROKE MOTOR IMPAIRMENTS: THE POSSIBILITIES OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND THE RESULTS OF THE OWN RESEARCH
Authors: Kostenko E. V. , Petrova L. V. , Rylsky A. V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction.The article presents an overview of innovative technologies based on methods sensomotor retraining of the patient using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NFES) and biofeedback (BFB) as the most promising in the medical rehabilitation (MR) of motor impairment in patients with brain stroke (BS). The results of our own study are also presented.

The aim of the study - an assessment of the effectiveness of a comprehensive rehabilitation program with the inclusion of NFES and stabilometric postural control using the BFB method in patients with after-stroke motor disfunction in the chronic ischemic stroke (IS).

Material and methods. We examined 87 patients (41 women and 46 men) in the chronic IS, mean age 58.4±6.4 years. The stroke duration was 228.59±31.9 days. The main group included 52 patients who, along with the standard treatment regimen, underwent NFES and BFB-stabilometric training. The comparison group consisted of 35 patients whose rehabilitation complex did not include the above methods.

Results and conclusion. Due to comlex rehabilitation with NFES and BFB stabilometric postural training it has been improved the function of walking. The clinical effect was noted 3 weeks after the start of rehabilitation, reaching a maximum by the 5th week. The inclusion of BFB-based methods in the medical rehabilitation leads to earlier motor and social adaptation of the after-stroke patient, restoration of the impairment balance function, which is associated with an increase in neuroplasticity.
Å tilrettelegge for elevenes yrkesinteresser: En surveystudie av yrkesfaglærernes kompetanse i yrkesdifferensiert opplæring
Authors: Lyckander Rønnaug H.
Published: April 2022

In Norway there exist two different educational pathways for vocational teachers, a bachelor programme and a postgraduate programme in education. This article reports on a comparison of teacher preparation in these two programmes that qualify vocational teachers for work in schools. The purpose is to explore the competence vocational teachers develop during teacher education that is particularly relevant for the broad introductory courses in vocational education and training (VET). Previous research has found that teachers should choose authentic learning activities relevant for working life, as well as developing students’ interests in a vocation. Cross-sectional survey data were collected among vocational teacher graduates (n = 279). Tests of mean differences indicated that the bachelor sample reported being significantly better prepared for teaching in broad courses than the postgraduate sample. However, the same difference could not be found in teachers’ report of different learning activities in school. The discussion points to how differences and similarities between content and practice arenas in teacher education can explain teachers' experiences and whether both teacher programmes develop the competence needed to teach in the broad structure of Norwegian VET.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays for Tuberculous Meningitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wen An , Leng Er-Ling , Liu Shi-Min , Zhou Yong-Liang , Cao Wen-Feng , Yao Dong-Yuan , Hu Fan
Published: April 2022

Background

In this study, we evaluated and compared the accuracy of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interferon release tests [interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs)] in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) by a meta-analysis of the relevant literature.

Methods

We searched for studies published before 2021 in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane database, and Chinese databases. All studies used the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and/or T-SPOT.TB method. Blood and/or CSF tests that met the guidelines for the quality assessment of studies with diagnostic accuracy were included. We used the revised diagnostic accuracy study quality assessment to assess the quality of the included studies. Begg’s funnel plots were used to assess publication bias in the meta-analysis of the diagnostic studies, and statistical analyses were performed by using Stata (Version 12) software.

Results

A total of 12 blood and/or CSF IGRA studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 376 patients and 493 controls. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) of the blood IGRAs in the pooled data from 12 studies were 74% (95% CI: 0.65-0.82), 78% (95% CI: 0.68-0.86), 3.38 (95% CI 2.26-5.06), 0.33 (95% CI: 0.23-0.46), 10.25 (95% CI: 5.46-19.25), and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86), respectively. For CSF IGRAs, these values for the pooled data from the 10 studies included were 79% (95% CI: 0.71-0.85), 95% (95% CI: 0.88-0.98), 16.30 (95% CI 6.5-40.83), 0.22 (95% CI: 0.16-0.31), 57.93 (95% CI: 22.56-148.78), and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.93), respectively.

Conclusion

CSF IGRAs exhibited a better diagnostic accuracy than blood IGRAs in diagnosing TBM.
Raman Spectroscopy—A Novel Method for Identification and Characterization of Microbes on a Single-Cell Level in Clinical Settings
Authors: Rebrosova Katarina , Samek Ota , Kizovsky Martin , Bernatova Silvie , Hola Veronika , Ruzicka Filip
Published: April 2022

Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens causing infections is one of the biggest challenges in medicine. Timely identification of causative agents and their antimicrobial resistance profile can significantly improve the management of infection, lower costs for healthcare, mitigate ever-growing antimicrobial resistance and in many cases, save lives. Raman spectroscopy was shown to be a useful—quick, non-invasive, and non-destructive —tool for identifying microbes from solid and liquid media. Modifications of Raman spectroscopy and/or pretreatment of samples allow single-cell analyses and identification of microbes from various samples. It was shown that those non-culture-based approaches could also detect antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, recent studies suggest that a combination of Raman spectroscopy with optical tweezers has the potential to identify microbes directly from human body fluids. This review aims to summarize recent advances in non-culture-based approaches of identification of microbes and their virulence factors, including antimicrobial resistance, using methods based on Raman spectroscopy in the context of possible use in the future point-of-care diagnostic process.
Association of Light-Intensity Physical Activity With Mortality in the Older Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Juntae , Yang Pil-Sung , Park Byoung-Eun , Kang Tae Soo , Lim Seong-Hoon , Cho Sungsoo , Lee Su-Yeon , Chung Young Hak , Lee Myung-Yong , Kim Dongmin , Joung Boyoung
Published: April 2022

Background

There is a paucity of information about mortality related to light-intensity physical activity (LPA) in the older population. We examine the associations between physical activity and mortality, focusing on the effect of light-intensity physical activity and the dose-response relationship between physical activity and mortality.

Methods

We analyzed a total of 58,537 participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age, 73.9 ± 5.8 years; male, 36.0%) in the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2009 and 2012. The Date of the end of follow-up was December 31, 2013. Individuals were divided into four categories according to physical activity intensity: totally sedentary (43.3%), LPA only (35.8%), LPA and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) (16.3%), MVPA only (4.5%). Physical activity was quantified using standardized self-reported questionnaires which composed of the duration and frequency of physical activity.

Results

During a mean follow-up of 39.6 ± 14.0 months, 5,651 (9.7%) deaths occurred. Compared with totally sedentary individuals, those in the LPA only, LPA and MVPA, and MVPA only groups showed 26% [hazard ratio (HR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.82], 27% (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.84), and 34% (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54–0.79) lower all-cause mortality risk, showing an inverse relationship between physical activity intensity and mortality risk. In contrast, the LPA only, LPA and MVPA, and MVPA only groups represented a stronger inverse association with CV mortality (LPA: HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.62–0.92; LPA with MVPA: HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–0.999; MVPA, HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.87). Among participants performing LPA alone, participants performing less than the recommended dose of physical activity had lower all-cause mortality than those with sedentary activity (1–249 MET-min/week: HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.82, 250–499 MET-min/week: HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.59–0.72).

Conclusion

Physical activity, even low doses of LPA, was associated with reduced mortality risk in the elderly population. This study may motivate sedentary individuals to engage in any physical activity for mortality benefits.
Novel Therapeutics for Anthracycline Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Vuong Jacqueline T. , Stein-Merlob Ashley F. , Cheng Richard K. , Yang Eric H.
Published: April 2022

Anthracyclines remain an essential component of the treatment of many hematologic and solid organ malignancies, but has important implications on cardiovascular disease. Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) ranges from asymptomatic LV dysfunction to highly morbid end- stage heart failure. As cancer survivorship improves, the detection and treatment of AIC becomes more crucial to improve patient outcomes. Current treatment modalities for AIC have been largely extrapolated from treatment of conventional heart failure, but developing effective therapies specific to AIC is an area of growing research interest. This review summarizes the current evidence behind the use of neurohormonal agents, dexrazoxane, and resynchronization therapy in AIC, evaluates the clinical outcomes of advanced therapy and heart transplantation in AIC, and explores future horizons for treatment utilizing gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and mechanism-specific targets.
No Differences in Value-Based Decision-Making Due to Use of Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Lewis Carolin A. , Kimmig Ann-Christin S. , Kroemer Nils B. , Pooseh Shakoor , Smolka Michael N. , Sacher Julia , Derntl Birgit
Published: April 2022

Fluctuating ovarian hormones have been shown to affect decision-making processes in women. While emerging evidence suggests effects of endogenous ovarian hormones such as estradiol and progesterone on value-based decision-making in women, the impact of exogenous synthetic hormones, as in most oral contraceptives, is not clear. In a between-subjects design, we assessed measures of value-based decision-making in three groups of women aged 18 to 29 years, during (1) active oral contraceptive intake (N = 22), (2) the early follicular phase of the natural menstrual cycle (N = 20), and (3) the periovulatory phase of the natural menstrual cycle (N = 20). Estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and sex-hormone binding globulin levels were assessed in all groups via blood samples. We used a test battery which measured different facets of value-based decision-making: delay discounting, risk-aversion, risk-seeking, and loss aversion. While hormonal levels did show the expected patterns for the three groups, there were no differences in value-based decision-making parameters. Consequently, Bayes factors showed conclusive evidence in support of the null hypothesis. We conclude that women on oral contraceptives show no differences in value-based decision-making compared to the early follicular and periovulatory natural menstrual cycle phases.
Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Glycemic Measurement and Poor HbA1c Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes: The Global DISCOVER Study
Authors: Gomes Marília B. , Tang Fengming , Chen Hungta , Cid-Ruzafa Javier , Fenici Peter , Khunti Kamlesh , Rathmann Wolfgang , Shestakova Marina V. , Surmont Filip , Watada Hirotaka , Medina Jesús , Shimomura Iichiro , Saraiva Gabriela Luporini , Cooper Andrew , Nicolucci Antonio
Published: April 2022

DISCOVER is a 3-year observational study program of 15,983 people with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy in 38 countries. We investigated the association between socioeconomic status and both the availability of a baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and poor glycemic control (HbA1c level ≥ 9.0%) in participants enrolled in DISCOVER. Factors associated with a lack of baseline HbA1c measurement or an HbA1c level ≥ 9.0% were assessed using three-level hierarchical logistic models. Overall, 19.1% of participants did not have a baseline HbA1c measurement recorded. Lower-middle country income (vs. high) and primary/no formal education (vs. university education) were independently associated with a reduced likelihood of having a baseline HbA1c measurement (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.11 [0.03–0.49] and 0.81 [0.66–0.98], respectively. Of the participants with an available HbA1c measurement, 26.9% had an HbA1c level ≥ 9.0%; 68.7% of these individuals were from lower- or upper-middle-income countries. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of poor glycemic control included low country income, treatment at a site with public and/or governmental funding (vs. private funding) and having public or no health insurance (vs. private). A substantial proportion of DISCOVER participants did not have an HbA1c measurement; more than one-quarter of these participants had poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Both individual- and country-level socioeconomic factors are associated with the quality of care regarding glycemic control. Awareness of these factors could help improve the management of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Inhibition of Human Sulfotransferases by Phthalate Monoesters
Authors: Huang Hui , Lan Bei-Di , Zhang Yu-Jing , Fan Xiao-Juan , Hu Min-Cui , Qin Guo-Qiang , Wang Fei-Ge , Wu Yue , Zheng Tao , Liu Jun-Hui
Published: April 2022

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the inhibition of human important phase II metabolic enzyme sulfotransferases (SULTs) by phthalate monoesters, which are important metabolites of phthalate esters (PAEs).

Method

Recombinant SULT-catalyzed metabolism of p-nitrophenol (PNP) was employed as the probe reactions of SULTs to investigate the inhibition of 8 kinds of phthalate monoesters towards SULT isoforms. An in vitro incubation system was utilized for preliminary screening, and 100 μM of phthalate monoesters was used. Inhibition kinetics were carried out to determine the inhibition of SULTs by phthalate monoesters.

Result

Multiple phthalate monoesters have been demonstrated to exert strong inhibition potential towards SULT1A1, SULT1B1, and SULT1E1, and no significant inhibition of phthalate monoesters towards SULT1A3 was found. The activity of SULT1A1 was strongly inhibited by mono-hexyl phthalate (MHP), mono-octyl phthalate (MOP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBZP), and mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP). Monobutyl phthalate (MBP), MHP, MOP, mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP), and MEHP significantly inhibited the activity of SULT1B1. MHP, MOP, and MEHP significantly inhibited the activity of SULT1E1. MOP was chosen as the representative phthalate monoester to determine the inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) towards SULT1B1 and SULT1E1. The inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were calculated to be 2.23 μM for MOP-SULT1B1 and 5.54 μM for MOP-SULT1E1. In silico docking method was utilized to understand the inhibition mechanism of SULT1B1 by phthalate monoesters.

Conclusions

All these information will be beneficial for understanding the risk of phthalate monoester exposure from a new perspective.
Radiomic Model for Determining the Value of Elasticity and Grayscale Ultrasound Diagnoses for Predicting BRAFV600E Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yu-guo , Xu Fei-ju , Agyekum Enock Adjei , Xiang Hong , Wang Yuan-dong , Zhang Jin , Sun Hui , Zhang Guo-liang , Bo Xiang-shu , Lv Wen-zhi , Wang Xian , Hu Shu-dong , Qian Xiao-qin
Published: April 2022

BRAFV600E is the most common mutated gene in thyroid cancer and is most closely related to papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). We investigated the value of elasticity and grayscale ultrasonography for predicting BRAFV600E mutations in PTC.

Methods

138 patients with PTC who underwent preoperative ultrasound between January 2014 and 2021 were retrospectively examined. Patients were divided into BRAFV600E mutation-free group (n=75) and BRAFV600E mutation group (n=63). Patients were randomly divided into training (n=96) and test (n=42) groups. A total of 479 radiomic features were extracted from the grayscale and elasticity ultra-sonograms. Regression analysis was done to select the features that provided the most information. Then, 10-fold cross-validation was used to compare the performance of different classification algorithms. Logistic regression was used to predict BRAFV600E mutations.

Results

Eight radiomics features were extracted from the grayscale ultrasonogram, and five radiomics features were extracted from the elasticity ultrasonogram. Three models were developed using these radiomic features. The models were derived from elasticity ultrasound, grayscale ultrasound, and a combination of grayscale and elasticity ultrasound, with areas under the curve (AUC) 0.952 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.914−0.990], AUC 0.792 [95% CI, 0.703−0.882], and AUC 0.985 [95% CI, 0.965−1.000] in the training dataset, AUC 0.931 [95% CI, 0.841−1.000], AUC 0. 725 [95% CI, 0.569−0.880], and AUC 0.938 [95% CI, 0.851−1.000] in the test dataset, respectively.

Conclusion

The radiomic model based on grayscale and elasticity ultrasound had a good predictive value for BRAFV600E gene mutations in patients with PTC.
Predicting Durable Responses to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using a Multi-Feature Model
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Hongbing , Pan Chaohu , Yi Jian , Cui Xiaoli , Li Na , Wang Jiaqian , Gao Zhibo , Wu Dongfang , Chen Jun , Jiang Jizong , Chu Qian
Published: April 2022

Due to the complex mechanisms affecting anti-tumor immune response, a single biomarker is insufficient to identify patients who will benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive predictive model is urgently required to predict the response to ICIs. A total of 162 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing ICIs treatment from three independent cohorts were enrolled and used as training and test cohorts (training cohort = 69, test cohort1 = 72, test cohort2 = 21). Eight genomic markers were extracted or calculated for each patient. Ten machine learning classifiers, such as the gaussian process classifier, random forest, and support vector machine (SVM), were evaluated. Three genomic biomarkers, namely tumor mutation burden, intratumoral heterogeneity, and loss of heterozygosity in human leukocyte antigen were screened out, and the SVM_poly method was adopted to construct a durable clinical benefit (DCB) prediction model. Compared with a single biomarker, the DCB multi-feature model exhibits better predictive value with the area under the curve values equal to 0.77 and 0.78 for test cohort1 and cohort2, respectively. The patients predicted to have DCB showed improved median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) than those predicted to have non-durable clinical benefit.
Memory CD4+ T-Cell Lymphocytic Angiopathy in Fatal Forms of COVID-19 Pulmonary Infection
Authors: Guihot Amélie , Plu Isabelle , Soulié Cathia , Rousseau Alice , Nakid-Cordero Cecilia , Dorgham Karim , Parizot Christophe , Litvinova Elena , Mayaux Julien , Malet Isabelle , Quentric Paul , Combadière Béhazine , Combadière Christophe , Bonduelle Olivia , Adam Lucille , Rosenbaum Pierre , Beurton Alexandra , Hémon Patrice , Debré Patrice , Vieillard Vincent , Autran Brigitte , Seilhean Danielle , Charlotte Frédéric , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Gorochov Guy , Luyt Charles-Edouard
Published: April 2022

The immunopathological pulmonary mechanisms leading to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-related death in adults remain poorly understood. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood sampling were performed in 74 steroid and non-steroid-treated intensive care unit (ICU) patients (23–75 years; 44 survivors). Peripheral effector SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected in 34/58 cases, mainly directed against the S1 portion of the spike protein. The BAL lymphocytosis consisted of T cells, while the mean CD4/CD8 ratio was 1.80 in non-steroid- treated patients and 1.14 in steroid-treated patients. Moreover, strong BAL SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses were detected in 4/4 surviving and 3/3 non-surviving patients. Serum IFN-γ and IL-6 levels were decreased in steroid-treated patients when compared to non-steroid treated patients. In the lung samples from 3 (1 non-ICU and 2 ICU) additional deceased cases, a lymphocytic memory CD4 T-cell angiopathy colocalizing with SARS-CoV-2 was also observed. Taken together, these data show that disease severity occurs despite strong antiviral CD4 T cell-specific responses migrating to the lung, which could suggest a pathogenic role for perivascular memory CD4 T cells upon fatal COVID-19 pneumonia.
Role of Dendritic Cells in Viral Brain Infections
Authors: Constant Orianne , Maarifi Ghizlane , Blanchet Fabien P. , Van de Perre Philippe , Simonin Yannick , Salinas Sara
Published: April 2022

To gain access to the brain, a so-called immune-privileged organ due to its physical separation from the blood stream, pathogens and particularly viruses have been selected throughout evolution for their use of specific mechanisms. They can enter the central nervous system through direct infection of nerves or cerebral barriers or through cell-mediated transport. Indeed, peripheral lymphoid and myeloid immune cells can interact with the blood–brain and the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers and allow viral brain access using the “Trojan horse” mechanism. Among immune cells, at the frontier between innate and adaptive immune responses, dendritic cells (DCs) can be pathogen carriers, regulate or exacerbate antiviral responses and neuroinflammation, and therefore be involved in viral transmission and spread. In this review, we highlight an important contribution of DCs in the development and the consequences of viral brain infections.
Inversed Ratio of CD39/CD73 Expression on γδ T Cells in HIV Versus Healthy Controls Correlates With Immune Activation and Disease Progression
Authors: Kolbe Katharina , Wittner Melanie , Hartjen Philip , Hüfner Anja-Dorothee , Degen Olaf , Ackermann Christin , Cords Leon , Stellbrink Hans-Jürgen , Haag Friedrich , Schulze zur Wiesch Julian
Published: April 2022

Background

γδ T cells are unconventional T cells that have been demonstrated to be crucial for the pathogenesis and potentially for the cure of HIV-1 infection. The ectonucleotidase CD39 is part of the purinergic pathway that regulates immune responses by degradation of pro-inflammatory ATP in concert with CD73. Few studies on the expression of the ectoenzymes CD73 and CD39 on human γδ T cells in HIV have been performed to date.

Methods

PBMC of n=86 HIV-1-infected patients were compared to PBMC of n=26 healthy individuals using 16-color flow cytometry determining the surface expression of CD39 and CD73 on Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells in association with differentiation (CD45RA, CD28, CD27), activation and exhaustion (TIGIT, PD-1, CD38, and HLA-DR), and assessing the intracellular production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, TGF-ß, TNF-α, Granzyme B, IL-10, IFN-γ) afterin vitrostimulation with PMA/ionomycin.

Results

CD39 and CD73 expression on γδ T cells were inversed in HIV infection which correlated with HIV disease progression and immune activation. CD39, but not CD73 expression on γδ T cells of ART-treated patients returned to levels comparable with those of healthy individuals. Only a small subset (<1%) of γδ T cells co-expressed CD39 and CD73 in healthy or HIV-infected individuals. There were significantly more exhausted and terminally differentiated CD39+ Vδ1 T cells regardless of the disease status. Functionally, IL-10 was only detectable in CD39+ γδ T cells afterin vitrostimulation in all groups studied. Viremic HIV-infected patients showed the highest levels of IL-10 production. The highest percentage of IL-10+ cells was found in the small CD39/CD73 co-expressing γδ T-cell population, both in healthy and HIV-infected individuals. Also, CD39+ Vδ2 T cells produced IL-10 more frequently than their CD39+ Vδ1 counterparts in all individuals regardless of the HIV status.

Conclusions

Our results point towards a potential immunomodulatory role of CD39+ and CD73+ γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of chronic HIV infection that needs further investigation.
Characterization of Two TNF-Related Subtypes Predicting Infliximab Therapy Responses in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Ye Chenglin , Zhu Sizhe , Yuan Jingping
Published: April 2022

Background

Anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is widely used to treat Crohn’s disease (CD). Unfortunately, 10%–40% of patients have primary non-response to anti-TNF therapy. TNF family genes play crucial roles in inflammation and immune regulation; however, the effects of TNF family genes on CD remain unclear.

Methods

CD expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Unsupervised clustering was then used to identify the gene subtypes in CD based on the expressions of TNF family genes. The features of the gene subtypes were characterized using functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses, and biomarkers of the gene subtypes were identified.

Results

Patients with CD were divided on the basis of unsupervised clustering into two gene subtypes: immune and metabolic. Gene subtype A was significantly correlated with leukocyte migration and cytokine interactions, whereas gene subtype B was associated with metabolic pathways. Whereas 89.5% of the patients in gene subtype B responded to infliximab, only 16.7% of patients in gene subtype A responded. In addition, a combination of interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), interleukin 6 (IL6), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can effectively distinguish between gene subtypes A and B.

Conclusion

Comprehensive analyses of the TNF family genes may reveal the underlying pathogenesis of CD. The classification of subtypes may provide new ideas for the personalized treatment of patients with CD.