bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The unification of gravity data for Ireland-Northern Ireland
Authors: Sajjadi Sajjad , Martinec Zdeněk , Prendergast Patrick , Hagedoorn Jan , Šachl Libor , Readman Peter , Edwards Robin , O'Reilly Brian , Horan Clare
Published: February 2020

The systematic biases and errors associated with gravity data in Ireland and Northern Ireland and the conversion of gravity to a consistent and unified system are analyzed. The gravity data in Ireland and Northern Ireland are given in different coordinate systems (Irish Grid and Irish Transverse Mercator), different gravity base stations (Dunsink and Cambridge), and different vertical datums (Malin Head and Belfast tide gauge). The conversion of the gravity data to a consistent system, which refers to unified coordinates, base station, and vertical datum, is essential in geophysics and geodesy, especially in geoid determination. A new standardized and unified data format is computed and proposed for the supply of gravity data for Ireland and Northern Ireland to minimize the potential of misinterpreting the data. As part of this study, simple Bouguer and free-air gravity anomaly maps are produced for Ireland and Northern Ireland to give an example of how to integrate the data.
Full Spectrum
Authors: Martin Tina , Schwalenberg Katrin
Published: February 2020

The German Geophysical Society (Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft, DGG) was founded in 1922 in Leipzig, Germany, on the initiative of the famous German seismologist Emil Wiechert (1861–1928), known for his fundamental work to record earthquake waves to study the earth's interior. Facing the German historical background of the early 20th century, the 24 founding members wanted to lead German geophysicists out of isolation and toward outreaching activities. DGG always understood and defined geophysics as a discipline beyond political borders, religious belief, or race, and promoted the scientific exchange between geophysicists in the Federal Republic of Germany, the former German Democratic Republic, and internationally.
Rational and irrational suicide in Plato and modern psychiatry
Authors: Dinkelaar Bianca M.
Published: February 2020

Suicide is a complex issue that is sparking increasingly more debate in contemporary society. There is need for an open discussion on the concept of rational suicide, specifically in relation to psychiatric disorders, so as to resolve the conflict between the duty of care of psychiatrists and the autonomy of patients. To be able to conduct such a discussion in an objective manner, we must first be made aware of the potential prejudices that we harbour on the topic of suicide as a result of our societal and historical background. A historical and philosophical approach to the topic, through careful examination of the topic of suicide in the texts of Plato, helps create such an awareness.
Planning and Anarchy
Authors: Bernes Jasper
Published: February 2020

Debates about planning on both the left and the right tend to misconstrue as problems of calculation what are, in fact, problems of control. The new powers of computing and communication developed in the twenty-first century do not, therefore, render the central planning of the twentieth century newly feasible. Rather, they merely make it possible to see as properly political problems that were once thought to be entirely technical. Restoring missing historical context to the socialist calculation debate, “Planning and Anarchy” discloses the blind spots in contemporary discussions of planning and offers an alternate vision of emancipation and planning, no longer dependent upon the tools of coercion inherited from capitalism.
Light flavour hadron and inclusive charged particle pT-spectra measured with the ALICE experiment at CERN
Authors: Ganoti P.
Published: February 2020

Light flavor hadron and inclusive charged particle spectra provide an interesting probe of the particle production mechanisms and the transport properties of QCD matter. Charged particle and neutral meson inclusive pT-differential cross sections in pp, p-Pb, Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions have been measured by ALICE. Charged particles are studied in different multiplicity (for pp and p-Pb where available) and centrality classes (for A-A). The comparison of spectra at similar〈dNch/dη〉, the nuclear modification factors, the mean pTand particle ratios will also be presented considering those are observables important to get information on the properties of the medium formed in the collisions. Comparisons with model calculations will also be discussed.
Differential Cross Sections of 9Be(d,p0)10Be, 9Be(d,p1)10Be, 9Be(d,α0)7Li and 9Be(d,α1)7Li reactions
Authors: Tsavalas P. , Lagoyannis A. , Mergia K. , Ntemou E. , Lungu C. P.
Published: February 2020

In the present work, the cross sections of the 9Be(d,p0)10Be, 9Be(d,p1)10Be,9Be(d,α0)7Li and 9Be(d,α1)7Li in the deuteron energy range Elab= 1 – 2.2 MeV with an energy step of 20 keV and at detection angles between 120o and 170o were measured, suitable for nuclear reaction analysis. A Si3N4film coated with a thin Be layer was used and the cross sections are determined relatively to the cross section of the natSi(d,d)natSi elastic scattering. Additionally, proton and oxygen beam measurements were carried out in order to determine the atomic areal density which is required to determine the cross sections.
A systematic analysis of nuclear charge radii data
Authors: Mamaloukas Patroklos-Miltiadis , Mertzimekis Theo J.
Published: February 2020

Driven by the need to describe strong nuclear interactions between hadrons in a nucleus, we take a closer look at evaluated experimental data of nuclear charge radii acquired mainly with laser spectroscopy methods. Understanding the range at which the components of the nucleus interact with each other shall lead to even more accurate models of nuclear potentials, and even understanding limitations of fundamental symmetries. The present work takes advantage of the existing IAEA database by Angeli & Marinova, and an additional set of recently surveyed measurements, specifically between 2013–2018. Statistical treatment includes different polynomial fits for the entirety of the data set with the intention of confirming or improving the well-established empirical formula, R=roA1/3. Various trends of observed deviations from this formula are investigated in terms of structure effects spanning major shells and near magic numbers.
Rare Isotope Production in peripheral heavy-ion collisions at beam energy of 15 MeV/nucleon
Authors: Fasoula O. , Souliotis G. A. , Tshoo K. , Jeong S. C. , Kang B. H. , Kwon Y. K. , Veselsky M. , Bonasera A.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents our recent study on the production of neutron-rich rare isotopes with heavy-ion beams in the energy region of 15 MeV/nucleon. We present calculated production cross sections of neutron-rich nuclides from collisions of a 86Kr (15 MeV/nucleon) beam with 238U targets. Our calculations are based on a two-step approach: the dynamical stage of the collision is described with either the phenomenological Deep-Inelastic Transfer model (DIT), or with the microscopic Constrained Molecular Dynamics model (CoMD). The de-excitation of the hot heavy projectile fragments is performed with the Statistical Multifragmentation Model (SMM). We also performed calculations with a radioactive beam of 92Kr (15 MeV/nucleon) with a target of 238U and observed that the multinucleon transfer mechanism leads to very neutron-rich nuclides toward and beyond the astrophysical r-process path. In the future, we plan to experimentally investigate such reactions in the KOBRA spectrometer at the RISP facility in Korea. We conclude that the reaction mechanism at beam energies below the Fermi energy involving periph- eral nucleon exchange, constitutes a novel and effective route to access extremely neutron-rich isotopes toward the r-process path and the neutron drip-line.
Radiation exposure of aircrews due to Space Radiation
Authors: Tezari A. , Paschalis P. , Gerontidou M. , Mavromichalaki H. , Karaiskos P.
Published: February 2020

Space radiation mainly consists of trapped particles inside the Earth’s magnetosphere, galactic and solar cosmic rays. Cosmic rays propagating in the interplanetary medium, reach the top of the Earth’s atmosphere and collide with the molecules of the atmospheric layers creating showers of secondary particles that can be recorded by ground-based neutron monitors or muon detectors. Due to these cascades, the radiation environment in various atmospheric altitudes is entirely different than the one experienced on the Earth’s surface. Space radiation is ionizing (trapped particles, galactic and solar cosmic rays) as well as non-ionizing (ultra-violet radiation).  It is known that ionizing radiation is very dangerous for all biological systems, causing a variety of acute and chronic effects. The determination of the occupational exposure of aircrews to space radiation is of great importance. DYnamic Atmospheric Shower Tracking Interactive Model Application (DYASTIMA), as well as its extension DYASTIMA-R, is a standalone application, based on the toolkit Geant4, that simulates the propagation of cosmic radiation into the atmosphere. DYASTIMA provides all the necessary information about the study of the cascade in different atmospheric altitudes, while DYASTIMA-R, as a dosimetry application, calculates radiobiological quantities, such as dose rate and equivalent dose rate for the determination of the exposure, based on the output provided by DYASTIMA. These quantities are calculated for solar minimum and solar maximum conditions. DYASTIMA can be accessed through the portals ofthe European Space Agency (ESA) (http://swe.ssa.esa.int/spaceradiation) and the Athens Neutron Monitor Station (A.Ne.Mo.S) (http://cosray.phys.uoa.gr/index.php/dyastima).
Variation of both tritium (3H) and beryllium (7Be) concentrations in air, rain and humidity samples collected at Ioannina, North-western Greece
Authors: Stamoulis K. C. , Tsiligou Z. , Aslanoglou X. , Ioannides K. G.
Published: February 2020

Studies concerning hydrologicalcycle, the movement of water through the atmosphere, surface and underground but also the ocean circulation, often use radioactive isotopes  with short or long half lives to evaluate the time scales of these processes. The study of the temporal and spatial distribution of such radioactive isotopes help to understand the water movement. Usually these isotopes are produced in the upper  atmosphere from the interaction of cosmic rays with nuclei of atmospheric gases. Among these isotopes, tritium (3H) and beryllium (7Be) are very important due to their comparatively short half lives, 12.33 y for 3H and 53.12 d for 7Be. Observed annual fluctuations of the production and consequently the transportation and precipitation of the isotopes on the earth surface, can be attributed to the climate conditions of the troposphere and stratosphere and to the seasonal changes of the boundaries between them.In the present work results of a study of the variations of 3H and 7Be concentrations in air, liquefied air humidity and precipitation are presented.  Tritium in precipitation and humidity  were measured using liquid scintillation counting, while 7Be in air and rain samples with gamma spectroscopy. An overall trend of decreasing concentrations of 7Be during the winter months is observed showing a reversed behavior during the first spring months. Concentrations of 7Be in rain samples were for the majority of the cases, below the limit of detection. Tritium concentrations in rain similarly to those measured in humidity, tend to increase during the winter months and decrease during spring.
Development of a pulse reconstruction routine for Transistor-Reset Preamplifiers for (n,xn) measurements using HPGe detectors at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Authors: Stamatopoulos A. , Kokkoris M. , Vlastou R. , Patronis N. , Tassan-Got L. , Bosnar D. , Tsinganis A. , Diakaki M. , Zugec P. , Glodariu T. , Negret A. , NTOF collaboration The
Published: February 2020

The knowledge of neutron induced cross-sections is essential both for applications as well as for the refinement of nuclear model parameters. Amongst other reactions, (n,xn) are equally important, however the determination of such cross-sections could be limited by current experimental techniques. In this respect, feasibility studies have been performed at the n_TOF facility at CERN concerning the study of (n,xn) reactions by detecting the prompt γ radiation emitted from the residual nuclei an experimental technique which required the use of a Transistor Reset Preamplifier (TRP) set-up. The digital acquisition system at n_TOF is accompanied by a pulse shape analysis framework which lacked the capability of dealing with TRP, therefore a new reconstruction routine had to be developed. A brief description and the first preliminary results are presented.
Study of the high energy neutron flux (15-20 MeV) using a BC501A liquid scintillator
Authors: Mitsi E. , Chasapoglou S. , Kalamara A. , Kokkoris M. , Michalopoulou V. , Stamatopoulos A. , Vlastou R. , Lagoyannis A. , Eleme Z. , Patronis N.
Published: February 2020

An experiment was conducted in order to characterize the neutron beam between ~15-20 MeV, at the 5.5 MeV tandem T11/25 Accelerator of NCSR ‘‘Demokritos’’. A liquid scintillator, BC501A, was used due to its n-γ discrimination capability and a versatile pulse shape analysis was applied. Offline, the discrimination circuit was tested for tolerance in high counting rates and sensitivity in lowering the limit of the neutron energy monitored through the threshold of the processed signal. The employed circuit proved to be very sensitive to changes in the latter. Neutron spectra at the energies of 14.8, 16.6, 19.2 and 20 MeV were acquired and the unfolding process using the DIFBAS code is currently in progress. Their deconvolution is expected to reveal the extent of the presence of low-energy parasitic neutrons.
Individual occupational radiation monitoring in Greece: where do we stand?
Authors: Kalef-Ezra J.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Study of the 162Er(n,2n)161Er reaction from the reaction threshold up to 19 MeV neutron energy
Authors: Georgali G. , Eleme Z. , Patronis N. , Aslanoglou X. , Axiotis M. , Al. Et
Published: February 2020

N/A
Developing a Monte-Carlo solver for the simulation of the reactor core dynamics
Authors: Mylonakis A. G. , Varvayanni M. , Catsaros N. , Clouvas A.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Systematic study of proton-induced spallation reactions with microscopic and phenomenological models
Authors: Assimakopoulou A. , Souliotis G. A. , Nicolis N. , Veselsky M. , Bonasera A.
Published: February 2020

Proton induced spallation reactions on 238U, 208Pb, 181Ta and 197Au targets at high energies were investigated using the microscopic Contrained Molecular Dynamics (CoMD) model and the phenomenological models INC and SMM. We have calculated the total fission cross sections, the ratio fission cross section to residue cross section, the mass yield curves and the excitation energy after the intranuclear cascade using the CoMD model and the INC/SMM phenomenological models. We made a comparison between the models and the experimental data from the liter- ature. Our calculations showed satisfactory agreement with available experimental data and suggest further improvements in the models. Our study with the CoMD code represents the first complete dynamical description of the spallation process with a microscopic code based on an effective nucleon-nucleon interaction.
Neutron-rich rare isotope production with stable and radioactive beams in the mass range A~40-60 at 15 MeV/u
Authors: Papageorgiou A. , Souliotis G. A. , Kwon Y. K. , Tshoo K. , Bonasera A. , Veselsky M.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Measurement and theoretical calculations for the cross section of the 197Au(n,2n)196Au reaction
Authors: Kalamara A. , Vlastou R. , Kokkoris M. , Michalopoulou V. , Nicolis N. G. , Serris M. , Stamatopoulos A. , Patronis N. , Lagoyannis A. , Harissopulos S.
Published: February 2020

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Study of the differential cross section of the 25Mg(p,p'γ)25Mg reaction for PIGE purposes
Authors: Preketes-Sigalas K. , Lagoyannis A. , Axiotis M. , Becker H. W. , Foteinou V. , Harissopulos S. , Kokkoris M. , Provatas G.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Measurement of the differential cross sections of 6,7Li(d,d0)6,7Li for Ion Beam Analysis purposes
Authors: Ntemou E. , Aslanoglou X. , Axiotis M. , Foteinou V. , Kokkoris M. , Lagoyannis A. , Misaelides P. , Patronis N. , Preketes-Sigalas K. , Provatas G. , Vlastou R.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Study and Detection of Solar Neutrons at ground level with the Spherical Proportional Counter
Authors: Kyratzis D. , Savvidis G. , Savvidis I.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Measurement and spectroscopic analysis of background radiation of UoA campus using the AMESOS mobile specrometer
Authors: Andrikopoulos C. , Fakiola C. , Kotsovolou A. , Mertzimekis T. J.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Activation cross section measurement of the (n,2n) reactions on natural Ir isotopes
Authors: Chasapoglou S. , Kalamara A. , Krokidi K. , Michalopoulou V. , Michalopoulou V. , Stamatopoulos A. , Vlastou R. , Axiotis M. , Lagoyannis A. , Harissopulos S. , Patronis N.
Published: February 2020

N/A
Resistivity Recovery Stages of Proton Irradiated EUROFER97 Steel
Authors: Theodorou A. , Kotsina Z. , Apostolopoulos G. , Axiotis M. , Lagoyannis A. , Harissopulos S.
Published: February 2020

N/A
A systematic review of the agreement of recall, home-based records, facility records, BCG scar, and serology for ascertaining vaccination status in low and middle-income countries
Authors: Dansereau Emily , Brown David , Stashko Lena , Danovaro-Holliday M. Carolina
Published: February 2020

Background: Household survey data are frequently used to estimate vaccination coverage - a key indicator for monitoring and guiding immunization programs - in low and middle-income countries. Surveys typically rely on documented evidence from home-based records (HBR) and/or maternal recall to determine a child’s vaccination history, and may also include health facility sources, BCG scars, and/or serological data. However, there is no gold standard source for vaccination history and the accuracy of existing sources has been called into question.

Methods and Findings: We conducted a systematic review of literature published January 1, 1975 through December 11, 2017 that compared vaccination status at the child-level from at least two sources of vaccination history. 27 articles met inclusion criteria. The percentage point difference in coverage estimates varied substantially when comparing caregiver recall to HBRs (median: +1, range: -43 to +17), to health facility records (median: +5, range: -29 to +34) and to serology (median: -20, range: -32 to +2). Ranges were also wide comparing HBRs to facility-based records (median: +17, range: -61 to +21) and to serology (median: +2, range: -38 to +36). Across 10 studies comparing recall to HBRs, Kappa values exceeded 0.60 in 45% of comparisons; across 7 studies comparing recall to facility-based records, Kappa never reached 0.60. Agreement varied depending on study setting, coverage level, antigen type, number of doses, and child age.

Conclusions: Recall and HBR provide relatively concordant vaccination histories in some settings, but both have poor agreement with facility-based records and serology. Long-term, improving clinical decision making and vaccination coverage estimates will depend on strengthening administrative systems and record keeping practices. Short-term, there must be greater recognition of imperfections across available vaccination history sources and explicit clarity regarding survey goals and the level of precision, potential biases, and associated resources needed to achieve these goals.
Changing perspectives of public health in India: the growing role of health economics
Authors: Tigga Nutan Shashi , Keshri Vikash R.
Published: February 2020

Health economics is a sub-discipline of economics that has significant relevance to public health. The academic discipline of health economics has not evolved in India till now. Since India became independent country, the public health practice in India has revolved largely around public health systems; the private health system has functioned in parallel with negligible regulatory control by the government. The recent launch of a large health insurance program by the Indian government has opened the door of public resources for the private sector in health. It is envisaged that a substantial portion of public money will be diverted to the private sector with little regulation. This situation will potentially change the landscape of public health care delivery in the country.  With this change, the role of health economists is bound to increase, given the increased demand for economic evaluation. Ironically, there is a complete dearth of educational institutions offering specialised training in health economics in India. To fulfil this demand-supply gap, there is an urgent need to introduce the discipline of health economics at master’s level within existing university economics departments and schools of public health. Building on this foundation, academic research degrees in health economics can be evolved to fulfil future research gaps.
The genome sequence of the Eurasian red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris Linnaeus 1758
Authors: Mead Daniel , Fingland Kathryn , Cripps Rachel , Portela Miguez Roberto , Smith Michelle , Corton Craig , Oliver Karen , Skelton Jason , Betteridge Emma , Dolucan Jale , Dudchenko Olga , Omer Arina D. , Weisz David , Lieberman Aiden Erez , Fedrigo Olivier , Mountcastle Jacquelyn , Jarvis Erich , McCarthy Shane A. , Sims Ying , Torrance James , Tracey Alan , Howe Kerstin , Challis Richard , Durbin Richard , Blaxter Mark
Published: February 2020

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Sciurus vulgaris (the Eurasian red squirrel; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Eutheria; Rodentia; Sciuridae). The genome sequence is 2.88 gigabases in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 21 chromosomal-level scaffolds, with both X and Y sex chromosomes assembled.
The transmissibility of novel Coronavirus in the early stages of the 2019-20 outbreak in Wuhan: Exploring initial point-source exposure sizes and durations using scenario analysis
Authors: Abbott Sam , Hellewell Joel , Munday James ,   CMMID nCoV working group, Funk Sebastian
Published: February 2020

Background: The current novel coronavirus outbreak appears to have originated from a point-source exposure event at Huanan seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. There is still uncertainty around the scale and duration of this exposure event. This has implications for the estimated transmissibility of the coronavirus and as such, these potential scenarios should be explored.

 Methods: We used a stochastic branching process model, parameterised with available data where possible and otherwise informed by the 2002-2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak, to simulate the Wuhan outbreak. We evaluated scenarios for the following parameters: the size, and duration of the initial transmission event, the serial interval, and the reproduction number (R0). We restricted model simulations based on the number of observed cases on the 25th of January, accepting samples that were within a 5% interval on either side of this estimate.

Results: Using a pre-intervention SARS-like serial interval suggested a larger initial transmission event and a higher R0 estimate. Using a SARs-like serial interval we found that the most likely scenario produced an R0 estimate between 2-2.7 (90% credible interval (CrI)). A pre-intervention SARS-like serial interval resulted in an R0 estimate between 2-3 (90% CrI). There were other plausible scenarios with smaller events sizes and longer duration that had comparable R0 estimates. There were very few simulations that were able to reproduce the observed data when R0 was less than 1.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that an R0 of less than 1 was highly unlikely unless the size of the initial exposure event was much greater than currently reported. We found that R0 estimates were comparable across scenarios with decreasing event size and increasing duration. Scenarios with a pre-intervention SARS-like serial interval resulted in a higher R0 and were equally plausible to scenarios with SARs-like serial intervals.
Territorialidades en la ciudad-región Eje Cafetero, Colombia
Authors: Gaviria Ríos Mario Alberto
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se exploran las territorialidades que hacen presencia en la ciudad-región Eje Cafetero, sistema urbano localizado en el centro occidente colombiano. Estas territorialidades se expresan en las relaciones de apropiación e identidad que manifiestan sus habitantes con dicha forma espacial. Por medio de la entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a actores sociales se evidenció la existencia de una pertenencia territorial anclada en el pasado (colonización, cultura cafetera), pero que se renueva con los fenómenos actuales y se redefine a partir de estos. La ciudad-región como territorio para el desarrollo cobra importancia en el discurso de los actores.
AS DOENÇAS NEGLIGENCIADAS NAS MÍDIAS DIGITAIS: O PROCESSO SOCIAL SAÚDE-DOENÇA, IMAGINÁRIO E EFEITOS-SENTIDOS
Authors: Oliveira Lucineia , Oliveira Cortes Gerenice Ribeiro
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar, à luz da Análise de Discurso, fundada por Pêcheux (1969, 1975, 1983), a discursivização das Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas (DTNs) na mídia digital, com foco no processo social saúde-doença. O corpus foi constituído de dez sequências discursivas (SD) coletadas a partir de duas publicações dos sites UOL e G1. Nesta análise foram mobilizadas, além do conceito de discurso, as noções de sujeito, memória discursiva, projeções imaginárias e silenciamento; ademais, também mobilizamos algumas contribuições teóricas do campo das ciências sociais. Os resultados apontam que as DTNs tanto são sintomas como efeitos da desigualdade social existente no país; os efeitos de descaso e silenciamento para com as DTNs já se inscrevem no próprio nome dessas doenças, pelo viés dos sentidos de negligência; além disso, há silenciamento de sentidos no discurso oficial do poder público, pelo não enfrentamento dessa grave questão, como também no discurso das indústrias farmacêuticas, tendo em vista o jogo de interesses econômicos, pois as DTNs são discursivizadas pelo imaginário de doenças de pobres.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Doenças Negligenciadas. Mídia jornalística Digital. Imaginário e silenciamento.
AKTUELLE EINFÜHRUNGEN IN DAS FACH DEUTSCH ALS FREMDSPRACHE: didaktisch-metodische Wissensordnungen im Umbruch
Authors: Uphoff Dörthe
Published: February 2020

In diesem Artikel möchte ich untersuchen, wie die Methodengeschichte und die aktuelle didaktisch-methodische Diskussion in fünf Einführungswerken für Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF) dargestellt werden, die zwischen 2012 und 2018 veröffentlicht wurden (RÖSLER, 2012; HUNEKE & STEINIG, 2013; ROCHE, 2013; BRINITZER et al., 2016; GEHRING, 2018). Ich gehe dabei von der Annahme aus, dass in der Geschichte des Fremdsprachenunterrichts im 20. Jahrhundert die Suche nach der besten Methode im Vordergrund steht, während sich zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts ein Paradigmenwechsel hin zu einer Post-Methoden-Pädagogik abzeichnet (vgl. KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006). Um zu erforschen, wie dieser Moment des Übergangs von ExpertInnen aus dem DaF-Bereich erzählt wird, mobilisiere ichdie in Brasilien noch wenig bekannte Wissenssoziologische Diskursanalyse (KELLER 2011a, 2011b), welche die Konstruktion, Legitimation und Transformation von Wissensordnungen aus einem Blickwinkel beleuchtet, der die Foucaultsche Diskursperspektive mit der Wissenssoziologie von Berger&Luckmann(1966) verbindet. Die Analyse belegt die Existenz unterschiedlicher diskursiver Strategien in den Einführungswerken, sowohl im Hinblick auf die Darstellung der Methodengeschichte als auch auf die Einschätzung der aktuellen didaktisch-methodischen Situation, was auf Wissensordnungenim Umbruch in der aktuellen akademischen Diskussion schließen lässt.
Políticas criminais, direito à cidade e capital social. Reflexões sobre a sustentabilidade de políticas públicas de tratamento da criminalidade e da violência
Authors: Santos André Leonardo Copetti
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho objetiva refletir acerca da necessidade de uma mudança no diagnóstico da criminalidade e das políticas públicas voltadas ao seu tratamento, de uma visão macrocósmica para outra de caráter microcósmico, com foco centrado na cidade, mais especificamente em bairros cuja desvantagem socioeconômica em relação a outros, pela corrosão do capital social, tem sido um fator determinante na criminogênese. O artigo busca estabelecer uma conexão entre a inefetivação do direito à cidade e a ocorrência da criminalidade e da violência e, em sentido prospectivo, a necessária ligação entre políticas públicas urbanas voltadas à concretização desse direito, em suas múltiplas facetas, e a eficácia das ações estatais locais no enfrentamento da questão da segurança pública. O método utilizado foi o hermenêutico, pois foi a partir da interpretação do próprio fenômeno da criminalidade no Brasil e das políticas de tratamento repressivas implementadas nos últimos anos que foram feitas as construções teóricas aqui expostas. Os resultados obtidos no trabalho apontam para a total ineficácia das atuais políticas repressivas e encarceradoras de abrangência federal e estadual e, também, a importância da adoção de novas políticas públicas criminais, de caráter social, com fundamento na potencialização do capital social no âmbito local das cidades e seus bairros críticos.
O encarceramento em massa e o aumento da violência nos estados da Amazônia Ocidental, 2005-2017: Análise e perspectivas
Authors: Jacarandá Rodolfo , Flores Lucas Niero , Feitoza Mateus
Published: February 2020

Nas últimas duas décadas o encarceramento e a violência cresceram acentuadamente nos estados da Amazônia Ocidental brasileira, composta por Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas e Roraima. Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o aumento desses números, entre 2005 e 2017. A pesquisa utiliza análise de dados estatísticos e compara as variações desses dados ao longo do período, em busca de associações significativas que ajudem a entender por que, ao mesmo tempo em que os estados da região se tornaram os maiores encarceradores em massa do país, a criminalidade não parou de aumentar. Os resultados mostram que o aumento do encarceramento não diminuiu o crime e que sem uma revisão urgente da política penal imposta por todas as instituições do sistema de justiça a violência deve continuar aumentando, nas prisões e nas ruas.
Liderança ambiental brasileira? O hiato entre os recursos naturais e as ações do Brasil na política ambiental global | Brazilian environmental leadership? The gap between natural resources and in Brazil's policies in global environmental politics
Authors: Ribeiro Thais Lemos , Inoue Cristina Y.A.
Published: February 2020

O trabalho debate o potencial de liderança brasileira na política ambiental global a partir dos recursos naturais. Utiliza os conceitos de governança global, estruturalismo temático, processo político, peso absoluto e estratégia e, juntamente com elementos contextuais, argumenta que recursos naturais não são suficientes para exercer liderança plena na política ambiental, sendo necessária estratégia clara que considere as dimensões doméstica e internacional.Palavras-chave: Brasil, interdependência, liderança potencial.ABSTRACTThis paper presents the Brazilian potential leadership in environmental politics based on natural resources. It uses the concepts of global governance, thematic structuralism, political process, sheer weight and strategy and, together with contextual elements, presents the hypothesis that natural resources are not enough to exercise full leadership in environmental politics, requiring a clear strategy that considers domestic and international dimensions.Keywords: Brazil, interdependence, potential leadership. Recebido em 08 jul. 2019 | Aceito em 16 dez. 2019.
Aspectos polêmicos das medidas atípicas do art. 139, inciso IV, do Código de Processo Civil
Authors: Coelho Alexs Gonçalves , Marques Vinicius Pinheiro
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho tem o propósito de estudar alguns dos principais aspectos polêmicos que têm surgido em razão da aplicação das medidas atípicas previstas no art. 139, inciso IV, do Código de Processo Civil (CPC), e que são cominadas com o propósito de se conferir efetividade à tutela jurisdicional. Para tanto, são feitas considerações gerais acerca do direito fundamental à tutela jurisdicional adequada, efetiva e tempestiva. Ainda, são analisadas as medidas atípicas previstas no art. 139, inciso IV, do CPC e, na oportunidade, são estudados alguns dos principais aspectos polêmicos decorrentes de sua aplicação, a exemplo da suspensão da carteira nacional de habilitação e do passaporte. Ademais, também é abordada a necessidade de estabelecimento do contraditório (ainda que diferido) quando da decretação das medidas atípicas, sempre mediante decisão judicial necessariamente fundamentada. O presente trabalho tem como base o método dedutivo e, para a sua consecução, se vale de pesquisa exploratória (bibliográfica e documental).
As Considerações de Habermas à Justiça como Equidade Rawlsiana
Authors: Lemos Fabrício José Rodrigues de , Pinto Gerson Neves
Published: February 2020

O artigo, tendo como plano de fundo a teoria da justiça como equidade de John Rawls, apresenta as considerações e apontamentos feitos por Jürgen Habermas ao projeto rawlsiano de justiça, principalmente em relação a como as concepções individuais e doutrinas razoáveis abrangentes podem ser teorizadas em sociedades pluralistas, no contexto atual. Em um primeiro momento, apresenta os principais pontos da teoria de Rawls, e, após, o artigo opta por, quando cabível, continuar a discussão desvelando as críticas de Habermas ao mesmo passo em que disserta sobre pontos fundamentais da teoria rawlsiana, como os conceitos-chave de consenso sobreposto e razão pública. O artigo, utilizando método de pesquisa bibliográfico, foca-se principalmente nas críticas de Habermas – sem adentrar, portanto, em razão do espaço disponível, na teoria habermasiana -, e tem como objetivo o esclarecimento de alguns pontos controversos que, no pensamento do filósofo alemão, merecem atenção e reposicionamentos por parte de Rawls.
O direito à identidade sexual no contexto dos direitos da personalidade: a mudança do registro civil dos transexuais na jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
Authors: Hoffmam Fernando , Silveira Laureani Pazzini
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo trata dos paradigmas encontrados no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, que exigem firmeza em relação à proteção dos direitos dos indivíduos, onde é cada vez mais necessário que seja repensado o conteúdo das normas que são oferecidas aos cidadãos constituintes de uma sociedade livre, justa e igualitária. A identidade ganha o centro das discussões e assim, passa a fazer parte de um ambiente diverso e complexo, acerca da problemática que gira entorno da mesma e a sua percepção no meio jurídico, desconectando do indivíduo sua condição morfológico-biológica, possibilitando que este possa ter uma vivência de identidades sexuais que estejam desprendidas de seu nascimento. O escopo inicial, é o de tratar da proteção da identidade sexual sob o prisma da proteção dos direitos da personalidade, na ótica da proteção ao nome, enfocando no transexualismo e a problemática relacionada à mudança de sexo, analisando o direito à identidade sexual e a modificação do registro civil dos transexuais na jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
Zenon Bańkowski, leitor de Luhmann?
Authors: Barros Marco Antonio Loschiavo Leme de
Published: February 2020

O texto discute a influência e o impacto da teoria social de Niklas Luhmann na teoria do direito de Zenon Bańkowski, em especial a partir da sua obra Vivendo Plenamente a Lei que defende uma eticidade do direito. Tal como a visão sistêmica, Bańkowski trabalha com a racionalidade dos paradoxos, ou com a racionalidade parabólica, que permite observar o direito a partir da diferença. Tal como na visão luhmanniana em que o sistema jurídico se diferencia do ambiente para fixar sua identidade, a parábola permite compreender a tensão entre o amor e a lei, sobretudo a partir da argumentação jurídica e que possibilita transcender o legalismo ao mesmo tempo em que se aceita a legalidade. Subjacente à racionalidade das parábolas, é sustentado que Bańkowski, em alguma medida, incorpora a ideia da autofundação do direito, bem como a teoria da complexidade pressuposta por Luhmann. O teórico polonês, radicado na Escócia, concordaria na caracterização de um sistema aberto e fechado, além de compartilhar que o direito convive com a dúvida a respeito das diferentes possibilidades de decisão e que permanecem disponíveis para futuras seleções. O principal exemplo nesta caracterização é o tema da contingência, que aparece com frequência na obra de Bańkowski e se desdobra como o momento da ansiedade na tomada de decisão, fato que indica que nunca a autoridade saberá se a decisão é a efetivamente correta. Ainda que o direito possua o desejo de controlar a contingência da vida – eliminar o risco –, ele mesmo é algo criativamente arriscado. Além disso, é possível notar uma extensa referência à mobilização do instrumental sistêmico para compreender as operações de reciprocidade entre o direito comunitário e os sistemas nacionais da União Europeia, bem como a ideia de integração entre sistema e ambiente para discutir os casos do tribunal do júri e do sistema de justiça leiga (lay justice) na Escócia. No final, o texto sustenta que Bańkowski possui mais semelhanças com visão sistêmica do que propriamente divergências, e indica como a teoria social de Luhmann pode ser incorporada e desenvolvida no plano teórico do direito – um produto da autodescrição do sistema jurídico –, permitindo, inclusive, conjecturar se não é o caso de um acoplamento estrutural entre teoria do direito e teoria social.
A questão desenvolvimentista na segunda metade do século XX: um olhar desde as TWAIL (Third World Approaches to International Law)
Authors: Afonso Henrique Weil
Published: February 2020

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a tradição crítica do Direito Internacional no contexto da segunda metade do século XX no tocante aos desafios da inserção dos novos países à sociedade internacional de Estados. Para tanto, foi empreendido estudo qualitativo, amparado em bibliografia técnica e análise documental, nos contornos do recorte temporal assinalado. As Abordagens do Terceiro Mundo para o Direito Internacional (TWAIL, na sigla em inglês) consistem em movimento teórico de variadas influências, mas cujo propósito central é investigar as causas históricas, econômicas, políticas e culturais da perpetuação do subdesenvolvimento e da injustiça globais. São contempladas duas gerações de teóricos do movimento, a primeira compreendendo os desafios da emancipação política e desenvolvimento das décadas de 1960 e 1970, e a segunda, as dificuldades de proposição de alternativas institucionais e normativas favoráveis aos interesses do designado Terceiro Mundo no pós Guerra Fria. Constatou-se, após o exame das contribuições destas gerações, o que se denominou de armadilhas à emancipação dos países em desenvolvimento, que hoje precisam integrar a agenda do movimento.
Razão prática, direito e bem comum na teoria da lei natural de John Finnis
Authors: Pinheiro Victor Sales , Neiva Horácio Lopes Mousinho
Published: February 2020

Baseado no método hipotético-dedutivo, investiga os conceitos centrais da teoria de justiça de John Finnis, bem comum e direito, a partir da sua teoria da razão prática substantiva, voltada ao florescimento humano pela realização de bens humanos básicos. Para tanto, na primeira seção, contextualiza a inserção de Finnis no debate liberal-comunitário, sobretudo pela sua crítica ao conceito restritivo e excludente de razão pública de Rawls. Em seguida, na segunda seção, analisam-se os pressupostos metodológicos da sua teoria social reflexiva, pautada na normatividade da razão prática. Na terceira seção, estudam-se os fundamentos metaéticos da razão prática, sua distinção com a razão teórica e sua dimensão teleológica. Na quarta seção, verifica-se como o bem comum desponta da ética dos bens humanos básicos e da razoabilidade prática, numa articulação de ética e direito. Na quinta seção, articula-se o conceito de bem comum na sua dimensão instrumental e substancial, a fim de sublinhar a relação de liberdade e integração social, pela unidade da razão prática e seu alcance público. Por fim, na conclusão, ressalta-se o mérito da fundamentação filosófica da teoria da justiça de Finnis, por relacionar, a contento, a ética dos bens humanos básicos com a autoridade jurídico-político do bem comum.
O REMODELAMENTO BIOPOLÍTICO DA POLÍTICA CRIMINAL NA SOCIEDADE DE RISCO: SOBRE MEDOS, INSEGURANÇAS E EXPANSIONISMO
Authors: Wermuth Maiquel Ângelo Dezordi , De Aguiar Jeannine Tonetto
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo perspectiva o remodelamento das políticas criminais contemporâneas em face dos medos, inseguranças e incertezas que são próprios do modelo de sociedade alicerçado sobre a lógica do risco – segundo a léxica de Ulrich Beck. Procura-se responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: em que medida o modelo de sociedade orientado pela lógica do risco impacta as políticas criminais contemporâneas, alavancando o fenômeno da expansão do Direito Penal? Objetiva-se demonstrar como a lógica correcional da pena – típica da modernidade, evidenciada no presente trabalho a partir da estreita relação estabelecida nos séculos XVIII e XIX entre cárcere e fábrica – vem sendo suplantada por uma perspectiva meramente retributiva e neutralizadora, que transforma a prisão em depósito de excedentes. A biopolítica é utilizada como ferramenta conceitual para uma (possível) explicação deste fenômeno. O método de pesquisa empregado na investigação é o fenomenológico.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL À LUZ DO PRINCÍPIO JURÍDICO-CONSTITUCIONAL DA SOLIDARIEDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Lavôr Amanda Rodrigues , Girão de Castro Pinto Eduardo Régis
Published: February 2020

O objetivo da pesquisa é entender o instituto da responsabilidade  civil quanto à aplicação do princípio constitucional da solidariedade social e identificar se esse princípio é utilizado como argumento nas decisões para concessão de indenização. A pesquisa bibliográfica se baseia nos estudos de Emile Durkein, Léon Duguit e Nelson Rosenvald, para o embasamento teórico que orbita o tema ora em análise. No plano da pesquisa empírica, a abordagem utilizada foi de caráter quali-quanti, mediante o uso do Método de Análise das Decisões desenvolvidos pelo professor Roberto Freitas Filho. Evidencia-se a importância do desenvolvimento deste estudo para a obtenção de uma ampla visão  sobre o campo da responsabilidade civil sob a luz do princípio da solidariedade o qual é inerente. Concluiu-se que o princípio da solidariedade social é utilizado como argumento nas decisões para concessão de indenização quando está ligado a ideia da responsabilidade objetiva do estado, contudo, não é um conceito absoluto que fundamenta todas as indenizações, podendo ser sopesado por outros interesses.
Interdisciplinary management for chronic pain in central neurological disorders: a retrospective study
Authors: Young Jamie , Mantopoulos Steven , Blanchard Megan , Tardif Hilarie , Hogg Malcolm , Khan Fary , Galea Mary P
Published: February 2020

Background/aims

Chronic pain in central neurological disorders is common and the current management of chronic pain is through an interdisciplinary approach. The aim of this study was to compare outpatient interdisciplinary-based treatment for chronic pain in patients with central neurological disorders to those without central neurological disorders.

Methods

This was a retrospective study and pain-related outcome measures were collected from a clinical outcomes registry (electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration). This registry contained data on people who attended a pain management service who, for the purpose of this study, were categorised into those with a central neurological disorder and those without a central neurological disorder. The two sample t-test was used to determine the significance of the difference between the groups and statistical significance was defined as P<0.05. Outcome measures compared included the Brief Pain Inventory, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21, Patient Self-efficacy Questionnaire and Patient Catastrophisation Scale.

Results

There was a total of 1924 participants with a central neurological disorder. The electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration registry shows that after engagement with an interdisciplinary pain management service, there was a reduction in pain severity scores, interference, mean depression, anxiety and stress in both groups at end of an episode of care compared to referral. There was a significant difference in mean changes for pain catastrophising between those with a central neurological disorder (−10.3) and those without (−7.8).

Conclusions

This study shows that people with central neurological disorders can also benefit from interdisciplinary management and have similar results to those without these conditions.
Research Roundup
Authors: McGloin Claudia
Published: February 2020

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
Blockchains and Transaction Costs
Authors: Henten Anders , Windekilde Iwona
Published: February 2020

This paper examines current business applications of blockchain technology and discusses blockchain implications for transaction costs. Blockchains are a relatively new set of technologies that can be used for various business purposes, primarily activities related to contracting. Transaction costs comprise the operational costs of contacting (searching and communicating) as well as the costs of contracting (writing and enforcing contracts), and blockchains can be used to lower, first and foremost, the costs of writing and enforcing contracts. Other technology applications that have been investigated to a larger extent, such as multi-sided platforms, primarily help in lowering the costs of searching and communicating, while blockchains can contribute to lowering the costs of contracting.
Connected Stores, Connected Brands, Connected Consumers, Connected Goods: On Business Model Ecosystems in Internet of Packaging
Authors: Lydekaityte Justina , Tambo Torben
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates and discusses roles, initiatives, and potentials for the business model ecosystem to enter business model innovation triggered by digital wireless technologies and capabilities of the Internet of Packaging-enabled smart interactive packaging. This paper develops an overview of the Internet of Packaging technology, wireless digital capabilities, business model innovation, and business model ecosystem in connection to the investigated phenomenon. In this paper, the digital transformation from passive to network-connected enhanced packaging is considered as an accelerator for business model innovation that creates and delivers the value proposition to a wide-ranging business model ecosystem including internal and external participants. Therefore, the governance of the overall business model ecosystem should efficiently reinforce each separate business model, as well as ensure safe and reliable data mobility in the IoP digital infrastructure regarding unique secure digital identifiers.