bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of horizontal whole body-movements by transporting unstable objects
Authors: Diaz-Zeledon Marianela , Lin Chih-Long , Landau Kurt
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the variations of an objects' instability, on the upper body and trunk locomotion system during self-paced, 3D, and reaching and transport movements performed in a seated position. Unstable objects can be found in many industrial sectors, such as chemical industries or service areas. Due to the deficit in methods of their manipulations and investigations of the related effects has motivated the present study. 30 subjects (15 male, 15 female) participated in this experiment. The physical human responses were measured using (a) self-paced Hand Motion Time, (b) Range of Motion of the trunk, shoulder, and elbow, (c) muscular strain of selected muscle groups in the shoulder, arm, and trunk. The mental workload is measured by subjective assessment, of the unstable moved object. The results of the statistical tests prove that there is an effect of the liquid level and target position on the physical and mental level of the locomotion system. Direction of movement (motion-phase) presents a significant influence on the Range of Motion, the muscular activity and the Hand Motion Time. These results can be applied to evaluate, and develop products for workplaces, where the reduction of musculoskeletal injuries plays an important role.
Effect of simulated vessel motions on thoracolumbar and centre of pressure kinematics
Authors: Duncan Carolyn A. , MacKinnon Scott N. , Albert Wayne J. , Antle David M. , Matthews Julie
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of simulated vessel motions and load stabilities on thoracolumbar kinematics and foot centre of pressures (CoP) kinematics during the execution of common manual material handling (MMH) tasks. Nine male subjects completed a standing, holding and lifting task in three different simulator motion conditions (no motion, pitch and roll) while handling both a stable and unstable load (15 kg). Stability of load did not affect thoracolumbar kinematics, CoP or occurrence of motion induced interruptions (MIIs) while lifting or holding a load in any of the motion environments. Although no differences in thoracolumbar kinematics and CoP during the dynamic lifting task between baseline and either pitch or roll conditions were found, total anterior-posterior CoP displacements and thoracolumbar velocities were greater during motion conditions for stationary holding and standing tasks. MIIs occurred more often during the standing task than the lifting tasks. These results suggest that the rate of MII occurrence may be a function of the dynamic nature of the MMH task being performed. Tasks which restrain the movement of the individual may prevent the body from making adequate adaptations when stability is disturbed, increasing the likelihood for change-in-support strategies, potential for loss of balance and resultant injury.
Psychological and mechanical workload and musculoskeletal symptoms among female child-care workers
Authors: Larsman Pernilla , Pousette Anders , Hanse Jan Johansson
Published: May 2021

The aim was to test a structural model of the relations between psychological and mechanical workload and musculoskeletal neck/shoulder symptoms. This two-wave longitudinal cohort study was based on a questionnaire survey among Swedish female child-care workers (n=789). Two models were tested using structural equation modelling, one containing only those participants considered symptom free at baseline, thus focusing on symptom development, and one containing all participants irrespective of their baseline musculoskeletal status. The results indicate that psychological workload was related to the development of neck/shoulder symptoms, and thus highlight the importance of addressing psychosocial work environment factors in organization design and workplace interventions. However, psychological workload was not related to symptoms (when controlling for baseline mechanical workload and symptoms) in the model not distinguishing between different symptoms processes. These findings point to the importance of distinguishing between different processes such as development, maintenance and recovery from symptoms in studies of workplace factors and musculoskeletal symptoms. Mechanical workload was not related to neck/shoulder symptoms, when controlling for baseline psychological workload and symptoms, in any of the models tested. No interaction effect was found for psychological and mechanical workload on neck/shoulder symptoms.
Ergonomic evaluation of an extension screw gun to improve work postures
Authors: Hess Jennifer A. , Kincl Laurel D. , Albers Jim T. , High Robin R.
Published: May 2021

Carpenters frequently work in awkward and stooped postures. Autofeed extension screw guns (ESGs) allow certain tasks to be performed upright. This study evaluated low back and wrist motion in fifteen carpenters using a traditional screw gun (TSG) and ESG during floor level work. ESG use required a greater percentage of time in awkward wrist postures with higher velocities and accelerations, yet neither tool placed workers at risk for wrist injury. The ESG resulted in significantly less low back flexion, left-sided bending and twisting, velocity and acceleration. The probability of low back disorder group membership risk was 53% with TSG use and 47% with ESG use. Carpenters liked using ESGs and reported less exertion when using them. The ESG's autofeed feature enhanced productivity. Training may be important to further reduce back flexion and improve tool maintenance, and design changes would improve ESGs overall.
Calculation of cooling phases in warm and hot environments using the PHS-model
Authors: Gebhardt Hansjürgen , Kampmann Bernhard , Müller Bernd Hans , Bux Kersten
Published: May 2021

The present article summarizes essential results of the research project ``Testing of the application of the Predicted-Heat-Strain-(PHS-)model for the design of work-rest-cycles while working in hot environment'' which has been executed on behalf of the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA). A pragmatic proposal has been tested on the basis of laboratory experiments and model calculations using the PHS-Model according to ISO 7933. The results show, that the pragmatic proposal could be verified either by physiological measurements and also by the PHS-Model. A procedure to calculate required cooling phases is presented. Based on the results, a guideline is presented, which may be used for the design of work-rest-cycles for work in hot environments.
Intra- and inter-individual variability of strain during uncompensable heat stress determined from a longitudinal study
Authors: Kampmann Bernhard , Bresser Georg , Schütte Martin
Published: May 2021

Four mine rescue brigadesmen performed three different standardized trainings in uncompensable heat stress with different equipment, clothing and climatic stress. The strain during these trainings may be considered as typical for training and missions of firemen, mine rescue brigadesmen and subjects working under protective clothing. – During ten years the diverse trainings were repeated. Heart rates and body temperatures were recorded throughout the exposures. A significant linear trend over time only was found for body mass (increase in three of the subjects). Specific physical fitness (fitness per body mass) as well as heart rate or body temperature showed no significant trend over time for initial or final values. The variability of the physiological strain is described in good approximation by normal distributions and shows quite a high magnitude. On base of the whole data set inter-individual components of variance are estimated by a 2-factorial ANOVA (person, time of measurement) with the factor time of measurement nested under the factor person. Confidence intervals for the estimated mean values and respectively, the calculation of the required number of measurements for a given confidence interval are determined by performing a two factorial ANOVA with both factors fully crossed.
Validation of occupational estimates of cumulative low-back load
Authors: Callaghan Jack P. , Howarth Samuel J. , Beach Tyson A.C.
Published: May 2021

In most genuine industrial settings, it is not yet feasible to directly measure in vivo tissue loads, nor is it practical to estimate dynamic load-time histories using biomechanical models. Thus, data extrapolation techniques are often used for obtaining occupational estimates of shift or daily cumulative low-back load exposures. These techniques are reliant on the assumption that the observed duty cycle of apparently stereotypical work is consistent over long working durations. This investigation evaluated the validity of this assumption using a controlled laboratory-based repetitive lifting task. Nine men performed 30-minutes of sagittal plane repetitive lifting tasks. Upper body kinematics were captured during the tasks, and a two-dimensional dynamic biomechanical model was used to generate peak and cumulative estimates of low-back loads. Over the course of the 30-minute testing sessions, kinematic adaptations at the elbow were responsible for an 8% reduction in duty cycle duration while peak low-back load magnitudes remained consistent. Combining reductions in duty cycle duration with negligible changes in peak loading contributed to a small decrease (⩽ 10%) in cumulative low-back load over the final 20-minutes of lifting. However, when data extrapolation was incorporated to estimate a shift exposure it was found that these changes could overestimate occupational cumulative low-back loading exposures by 10–27% inferences made regarding the risk of low-back pain or injury reporting associated with exposure.
Occupational stress factors and musculo-skeletal disease in patients at a rehabilitation center
Authors: Landau Kurt , Brauchler Regina , Diaz-Meyer Marianela , Kiesel Johannes , Lenz Andreas , Meschke Herwig , Presl Angelika
Published: May 2021

Disorders of the musculo-skeletal system are one of the main occupational diseases occurring in industrial countries and the number of reported cases is rapidly increasing, especially among the older age groups. Musculo-skeletal diseases can be influenced by a number of stress factors arising during physical work. The aim of this study is to identify the physical work stress factors, to which persons already suffering from musculo-skeletal diseases (patients at a rehabilitation center) have been exposed in their work, and, firstly, to examine whether these data can be used to predict the probability of future musculo-skeletal disorders in workers occupying this type of job, secondly, to determine how these factors interact with each other in the development of these disorders. Trained specialists in occupational medicine using a program called Medical Job-oriented Rehabilitation (MJOR), collected data on 6668 patients by means of a standardized checklist called Bavaria Rehabilitation Assessment Method (BRA). Analysis of the recursive binary partitioning trees revealed that 19 predictor variables corresponding to age and gender, plus repetitive operations, rotation in sedentary position, degree of hand force used and forced head/neck postures were good predictors for the disorders of the hand-/arm system, the cervico-brachial syndrome and the impingement syndrome of shoulder.
ENRICHMENT OF CASING SOIL WITH FE AND SOY-FLOUR UNDER Pseudomonas INOCULATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF BUTTON MUSHROOM
Authors: Maknali Fereshteh , Kashi Abdolkarim , Salehi Mohammadi Reza , Khalighi Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Effects of casing soil enrichment with soybean flour (SF) and iron (Fe) were explored on yield and quality of edible mushrooms inoculated with plant growth-promoting bacteria in a factorial experiment with four replications. Fe from Fe chelate source was applied at two levels of 0 (Fe0) and 500 mg L-1 (Fe500), SF at three levels of 0% (SF0), 1.5% (SF1.5), and 3% (SF3) of compost dry weight, and bacteria inoculation at two levels (non-inoculation and inoculation of mycelia with P. putida). The maximum fresh yield (20.3 kg m-2), mushroom number (1041), biological efficiency (95.0%), vitamin C (3.74 mg 100 g-1 FW), and yield of protein (6.48 kg m-2) were obtained from SF1.5 + P. putida. But, the maximum tryptophan (1.37 mg g-1 DW), methionine (2.29 mg g-1 DW), and antioxidant capacity (4.25 mg mL-1) were related to SF3 inoculated with P. putida. Furthermore, the maximum carbohydrate (5.64%) was related to Fe500 + SF3. Based on the results, casing soil enrichment with Fe did not have a significant influence on quantitative and qualitative traits of mushrooms, but SF application at the rate of 1.5%, especially when accompanied by P. putida, played a more essential role. Thus, it is recommended to use 1.5% SF along with P. putida to enhance the yield and qualitative traits of edible mushrooms.
Strategi Bisnis Mikro Kecil Menengah Dalam Mempertahankan Usaha Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Latifah Nunuk , Widayani Anna , Wardani Shanti Ike , Normawati Rani , Rachmawati Ika
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic which is currently sweeping the world, including Indonesia, has an enormous impact on the economic sector. Government policy to encourage people to move at home only affects the consumption pattern of the community. As one of the affected sectors, MSMEs must be able to see this as a challenge as well as an opportunity in marketing their products. The problem experienced by MSMEs is how to maintain their existence by making various efforts, including by conducting various business innovations and strategy innovations. For this reason, it is necessary to have various efforts in developing business strategies that can be carried out to maintain the business. This is the basis for the community service implementation team to hold a Webinar "MSME Business Strategy during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period". The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge about business strategies for business people, especially for the MSME sector. Survive and be able to analyze external conditions and take advantage of existing opportunities to maintain the existence of the business. Participants in the Community Service activity are 117 people out of a total of 251 people who registered. Participants consisted of 49% of lecturers, 40% of MSME actors, and 11% of students. The results of this activity are the implementation of PKM activities and scientific publications.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Dan Penggunan Media Promosi Digital Pada PAP’A Catering
Authors: Budiprasetyo Gunawan , Wakhidah Rokhimatul , Shoumi Milyun Ni'ma , Syulistyo Arie Rachmad , Ratsanjani Muhammad Hasyim
Published: May 2021

Popularitas jejaring sosial online memberikan dampak yang luar biasa di berbagai bidang, salah satunya berdampak pada cara perusahaan melakukan pemasaran. Perusahaan kecil menengah pun secara massif menggunakan media online seperti website, e-commerce dan media sosial sebagai media promosi mereka. PAP’A (Panti Asuhan Putri ‘Aisyiyah) Catering merupakan catering yang memiliki pelanggan yang cukup banyak dan dari berbagai kalangan di kota Malang. Namun sayangnya, PAP’A Catering belum memiliki website dan akun media sosial sebagai media promosi. Saat ini promosi dilakukan dengan menyebarkan brosur dan dari mulut ke mulut. Maka dari itu diperlukan akun media sosial, salah satunya adalah Instagram untuk Bisnis dan Facebook, implementasi website dan akun media sosial yang telah dikembangkan, dan pendampingan kepada mitra selama proses pengabdian terkait pengisian konten, respon di akun media sosial, dan perkembangan web secara remote. Website dan media sosial akan digunakan untuk menampilkan produk-produk yang dibuat oleh PAP’A Catering. Produk website merupakan hasil pembuatan akun Gmail Business yang berisi profil bisnis.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Melalui Media Sosial Instagram Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Pada Online Shop Queenstreet
Authors: Lukitasari Lukitasari , Nirawati Lia
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan Online Shop Queenstreet yang merupakan salah satu sektor usaha dalam bidang fashion pakaian sebagai objek penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis strategi pemasaran melalui media sosial Instagram dalam meningkatkan penjualan pada Online Shop Queenstreet.Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis SWOT dan teknikpengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam (in dept interview), observasi dan dokumentasi yang berkaitan dengan strategi bauran pemasaran 4P meliputi product, price, place, promotion dalam mengidentifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan,peluang, dan ancaman pada Online Shop Queenstreet. Informan pada penelitian ini diantaranya owner atau pemilik, karyawan, serta konsumen Queenstreet. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hasil IFAS yang menunjukkan kekuatan dengan skor sebesar 1,94 dan kelemahan dengan skor 0,75. Sedangkan hasil EFAS menunjukkan peluang dengan skor sebesar 1,95 dan ancaman dengan skor 0,88. Berdasarkan diagram analisis SWOT, Online Shop Queenstreet. Berada pada kuadran I dengan menggunakan strategi SO yaitu perusahaan memiliki peluang dan kekuatan sehingga dapat memanfaatkan peluang yang ada sehingga strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah mendukung pertumbuhan kebijakan yang agrisif ( growth oriented strategy) untuk meningkatkan penjualan Kata Kunci : Strategi Pemasaran; Analisis SWOT
Probabilitas Konsumen Membeli Raket Li-Ning Terhadap Pesaing Raket Yonex Berdasarkan Aspek Citra Merek, Harga dan Kualitas Produk (Studi pada Toko Raket Murah Surabaya)
Authors: Nadya Maulita , Sulisyawati Lisa
Published: May 2021

Probabiltas adalah suatu ukuran tentang kemungkinan suatu peristiwa akan terjadi dimasa yang akan datang. Li-Ning dan Yonex merupakan merek raket yang terkenal di kalangan pecinta olahraga Bulutangkis, yang dibedakan oleh label. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui probabilitas marjinal raket Li-Ning dan raket Yonex, probabilitas bersama raket Li-Ning dan raket Yonex dan probabilitas bersyarat raket Li-Ning terhadap pesaing raket Yonex berdasarkan aspek citra merek, harga dan kualitas produk. Jenis metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif. Teknik sampel yaitu sampling kuota dan sampling purposive. Teknik analisis data  adalah analisa probabilitas. Ditinjau dari hasil probabilitas marjinal, disimpulkan bahwa probabilitas tertinggi adalah probabilitas konsumen membeli raket Li-Ning dan raket Yonex karena kualitas produk sebesar 0,80. Ditinjau dari probabilitas bersama konsumen raket Li-Ning disimpulkan bahwa probabilitas tertinggi adalah probabilitas konsumen yang membeli raket Li-Ning karena kualitas produk sebesar 0,96. Sedangkan konsumen raket Yonex, bahwa probabilitas tertinggi adalah probabilitas yang membeli raket Yonex karena citra merek yaitu sebesar 0,74. Jika ditinjau dari probabilitas bersyarat, disimpulkan bahwa probabilitas tertinggi adalah probabilitas raket Li-Ning terhadap pesaing raket Yonex karena kualitas produk sebesar 0,96. Keywords:  Probabilitas; Citra Merek; Harga; Kualitas Produk; Keputusan Konsumen
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi Dan Penghargaan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pusdiklat Badan Pusat Statistik Jakarta
Authors: Suntari Esti
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi tentang pengaruh iklim organisasi dan penghargaan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 56 karyawan sebagai responden yang dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling dengan part analysis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Terdapat pengaruh langsung positif iklim organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai (2) Terdapat pengaruh langsung positif penghargaan terhadap kinerja pegawai (3) Terdapat pengaruh langsung positif iklim organisasi. atas imbalan. Kata Kunci: Iklim organisasi; penghargaan; kinerja
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Volume Penjualan Pada UD. Jaya Marine Surabaya
Authors: Ceicillia Stephanie , Prabowo Budi
Published: May 2021

Tujuan peneliti melakukan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran yang digunakan oleh UD. Jaya Marine Surabaya dalam meningkatkan penjualannya.  Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskripstif. Pengumpulan informasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan juga dokumentasi. Informasi yang didapatkan diolah dan diidentifikasi menggunakan teknik Analisis SWOT.  Hasil analisis SWOT pada UD. Jaya Marine Surabaya menunjukkan bahwa usaha tersebut memiliki kekuatan yang memadai untuk bisa memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Strategi yang dapat digunakan oleh usaha ini ialah sering melakukan analisis pada kebutuhan dan juga perilaku konsumen, meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan demi kepuasan pelanggan, semakin masif melakukan kegiatan promosi pada sosial media, dan juga bisa melakukan penjualan online secara aktif melalui platform penjualan online yang telah ada. Kata Kunci: Strategi Pemasaran; Analisis SWOT; Penjualan
The Strategy, Impact, and Challenges Faced by Pos Malaysia Berhad during the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Nasser Siti Nurul Aisyah , Sany Nur Syafiqah Mohd , Azhar Tiara Iffah , Roslan Zhorifa Hazwani , Amli Najwatul Adibah
Published: May 2021

The current Covid 19 pandemic has caused many people to feel grateful for the work they still have. Millions of people have lost their jobs and livelihoods, economic problems and financial woes increase exponentially. The study aims to analyse the strategy, impact, and challenges faced by Pos Malaysia during the COVID-19 crisis. With operations scaled-down amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic, the company faced loss. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impact on the companies, resulting the decrease of revenue for the first quarter in 2020. This study used a quantitative approach. An online survey was carried using Google Forms and the respondents were Pos Malaysia employees. By using a sample of 50 employees in Pos Malaysia, the result showed that Pos Malaysia business was affected due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and the subsequent stricter lockdown measures imposed in Malaysia.
How Top Glove Becomes the Largest Glove Producer
Authors: Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Lee Jia Yee , Lee Yue Si , Lim Poh Lian , Loh Yi Min , Hoe Yhixuan
Published: May 2021

Top Glove as the world’s largest glove producer provides quality and efficient gloves for healthcare purposes. This study is conducted to investigate key success factors that lead Top Glove to become a successful company. The study also gathered information about the challenges that Top Glove is facing to examine how Top Glove took over the obstacles and used its success factors to maintain its position in this industry. The findings indicate leadership, image and reputation, organizational innovation and employee satisfaction are the main contributing factors of Top Glove success.
How Starbucks Maintain Its Competitive Edge? – The Secret of Its Success
Authors: Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Hidayah Nor , Syamilah Hayatun , Nasuhah Nik Nooratikah , Syasya Noor Husnina , Norathirah Wan
Published: May 2021

This research paper aims to investigate the secrets of how Starbucks maintains its progress to ensure the success of its brand competitive edge. The findings highlight that Starbucks focuses on selling coffee beans and utilizing high-quality equipment that helped it manage to impress the customers with its sophisticated coffee making, including a wide variety of attractive and delicious beverage menus. Starbucks puts much innovation and creativity until it thrives in the global coffee industry, presenting challenges related to ethics and responsibilities within many aspects due to its system theory. Starbucks gained worldwide market demand, and successfully remains a leading brand in the coffee industry with a globalization design from an international broader context.
Information Access for Community Through Electronic Media for Improving the Knowledge of Fish Cultivation in Rebaq Rinding Village, Muara Muntai Sub-District, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan
Authors: Sugiharto Eko
Published: May 2021

Accessing information through electronic media is unfamiliar thing for the community since it is essential in improving their insight in order to support the increase of their fish production. This research was performed in Rebaq Rinding Village, Muara Muntai Sub-District Kutai Kartanegara District. Census method was used in this research, employing 30 fish cultivators in Rebaq Rinding Village. The objective of this research is to find out the type of information media used by fish cultivator community. This research found that the electronic information accessed by the community of fish cultivator in Rebaq Rinding Village is in the form of mobile phone and television. Among the information they access includes entertainment, watching youtube, searching for recent information and watching television. In terms of information concerning fishery, they access information of how to spawn fish correctly and how to make natural feed for the fish.
PERBANDINGAN SOSOK RAHWANA PRAMBANAN DENGAN KAKAWIN RAMAYANA DAN NOVEL ANAND NEELAKANTAN
Authors: Suyono Seno Joko
Published: May 2021

Dalam penelitian tentang Ramayana di Indonesia, sudah banyak yang menyadari tentang kemungkinan adanya sumber lain selain Walmiki yang digunakan oleh pengarang dan pemahat Indonesia di zaman kuno. Malini Saran dan Vinod C. Khanna misalnya, dalam buku The Ramayana in Indonesia, mereka menganggap beberapa gambar di relief Prambanan menyimpang dari penggambaran Ramayana versi Walmiki. Malini Saran dan Vinod C. Khanna secara menarik menduga bahwa para silpin (pemahat relief) Prambanan selain memang secara umum saat memahat mengacu pada kisah mainstream Ramayana versi Walmiki, juga mereferensikan diri pada beberapa kisah minor Ramayana di India. Dalam studi ini saya bermaksud melakukan pembacaan ulang atas relief Ramayana sebagaimana ditafsir oleh Malini Saran dan Vinod C Khanna, terutama pembacaan atas Rahwana. Sebab bagi saya pembacaan Rahwana di relief Prambanan yang dilakukan kedua arkeolog India ini yang paling dekonstruktif dan berbeda dari kesepakatan umum.
PERBEDAAN ORIENTASI TATA LETAK SANGGAH DI BANJAR BEDUGUL, DESA PENATAHAN
Authors: Wasista I Putu Udiyana
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini mengangkat pola tata letak sanggah di Banjar Bedugul. Fenomena ini diangkat karena adanya perbedaan dengan pola tata letak sanggah pada umumnya. Apabila tata letak sanggah pada umumnya di arah kaja-kangin, hal berbeda terjadi di Banjar Bedugul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan emik yang disajikan deskriptif. Dalam tulisan ini, tidak ada teori khusus yang berusaha untuk dibenturkan dengan fenomena. Ini karena penelitian ini adalah awal dari penelitian sejenis. Pendekatan emik dipilih karena cara pandang warga adalah material berharga untuk pertimbangan penelitian berikutnya. Adapun literatur yang digunakan, lebih bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bukan membedah fenomena. Hasilnya, tata letak sanggah di Banjar Bedugul berada di depan pintu masuk pekarangan. Kondisi ini muncul dari representasi warga untuk meletakkan sanggah dengan hulu ke jalan umum. Hulu mengacu pada jalan dan arah kaja yaitu Pura Batur Jati. Ini menyebabkan sanggah berada di arah kaja-kangin dan kaja-kauh, bila dilihat dari hulu kaja-kelod jalan umum di Banjar Bedugul. Nilai-nilai yang didapat dari wawancara dan observasi adalah nilai yang didasarkan pada pemikiran mistis religius, kolektif, pelestarian danidentitas.
WACANA KUASA DALAM MITOS PADI DI DALAM GEGURITAN SRI SEDANA
Authors: Ngurah Ida Bagus
Published: May 2021

Secara historis, seksualitas pada awalnya merupakan strategi budaya guna pembagian kerja, misalnya, tenaga domestik dalam pengasuhan. Setelah perkembangan pesat dalam masa berikutnya beralih bersifat eksploitatif, dari terdapat penaturalan terhadap tugas-tugas jenis kelamin. Dari keiklasan dalam melaksanakan tugas menjadi keharusan dan kepatuhan. Reduksi ini juga dicatat dalam berbagai mitos yang berkembang di masyarakat salah satunya adalah mitos padi. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang wacana kuasa dalam mitos padi dalam Geguritan Sri Sedana. Setelah analisis data, ditemukan bahwa mitos munculnya padi dengan tokoh Dewi Sri dan Dewa Siwa sebagai tokoh utama memiliki suatu relasi kekuasaan yang timpang dimana terdapat asumsi ideologi gender dan ideologi seks. Ideologi gender mengungkapkan adanya suatu perbedaan sosial peran laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kehidupan sosial dimana kedudukan laki-laki lebih tinggi dalam kehidupan sosial. Sedangkan ideologi seks mengungkapkan adanya suatu tirani abadi terhadap konstruksi perempuan sebagai mahluk intuitif sedangkan laki-laki sebagai mahluk rasional.
GERAKAN MASYARAKAT HINDU MENOLAK PENGAYOMAN IDEOLOGI DAN ORGANISASI TRANSNASIONAL SAMPRADAYA DI PARISADA HINDU DHARMA INDONESIA (PHDI)
Authors: Gayatri Ida Ayu Made
Published: May 2021

Artikel ini mengidentifikasi dampak dari dinamika interaksi sosial disosiatif berupa konflik horizontal antarkelompok masyarakat sejak Agustus 2020 hingga April 2021 di Bali. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan teoritik gerakan sosial dan mobilisasi sosial. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian kualitatif ini yaitu observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dampak propaganda dan aksi dari Gema Hindu yaitu:1) ditujukan untuk mendesak PHDI mencabut surat pengayoman untuk sampradaya Hare Krishna ISKCON, Sai Baba dan sampradaya lainnya; 2) berhasil mendapat simpati secara luas dengan adanya dukungan Gubernur, DPRD, Majelis Desa Adat dan PHDI Provinsi Bali dan masyarakat Hindu secara nasional; 3) menghasilkan Surat Keputusan Bersama (SKB) PHDI Provinsi Bali dan MDA Provinsi Bali; 4) menghasilkan tindakan penegakan hukum secara pre-emtif, preventif dan represif dalam pencegahan penistaan agama dan fundamentalisme serta radikalisasi agama di PHDI dan desa adat sebagai bagian dari partisipasi masyarakat dalam pertahanan NKRI dan ideologi Pancasila.
Urgency of Marriage Regulation Between Civil State between Civil State Employees and Foreign Citizens
Authors: Masyitha Dewi
Published: May 2021

Mixed marriage has become a common thing nowadays, but the arrangement in Indonesia is still limited. Even until now there has been no regulation regarding mixed marriages between Civil Servants and Foreign Citizens, even though their status as Civil Servants has various special consequences. Thus, there is a need for a special arrangement to accommodate the rights and obligations of perpetrators of mixed marriages between civil servants and foreign citizens. This type of research uses a normative juridical approach. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the urgency of establishing a regulation on mixed marriage between civil servants and foreigners is needed as a guide for civil servants in fulfilling their rights and obligations and their implementation needs to be outlined in the revision of PP. 10 of 1983 and PP. 7 of 1977.
Enhancing Students’ Confidence in an English Language Classroom
Authors: Cadiz-Gabejan Alona Medalia
Published: May 2021

Second language learners have shown to be often passive in language classrooms and lessons. In this current era of globalization, there is a need for English instructors to improve their inactive learners' confidence so as they can be capable of participating actively in oral classroom activities. Based on this issue, the study aimed to investigate the strategies that can be put in place to improve the learner's confidence in speaking. The sample of the study involved seven (7) male students and 39 females of the Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) in Samar State University. For the sake of improving learners' confidence, thirty minutes in each learning session was set aside to interview activities which lasted for a period of eight (8) consecutive weeks. The views and perceptions of the learners' confidence development were obtained by use of quantitative analysis in line the with confidence questionnaire. The findings of the study revealed that incorporation of additional speaking activities in classrooms resulted to an increase in learners’s confidence. Encouraging learners to collaborate with their colleagues also improved their confidence.
Early Life Leadership Dimensions of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: An Exceptional Political Leadership Model
Authors: Akhtar Sharmin , KHONDAKER M SHAHIDUL ISLAM
Published: May 2021

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was an unparallel political leader of Bangladesh who gained leadership qualities from the early days of life. He is popularly known as Bangabandhu and was a great philanthropist. Mujib was the unique political personality and the creator or father of the nation of Bangladesh. His 'Historic 7 March Speech' of 1971 now is the documentary heritage in the Memory of the World Register of UNESCO-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. By his captivating leadership, the people of Bangladesh snatched the country's independence. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman captured the ideals of life, education and learning of the love and sympathy to the people, communal harmony, securing the right of the 'have not' people since his boyhood. These leadership traits made Sheikh Mujibur Rahman an exception character ever since his early days, and peoples are knowledgeable about his trademarked political career and venerated his artisanship in crafting Bangladesh. However, the concept of childhood leadership that Mujib belonged merely came to light. This article aims to examine the significant small events of domestic surroundings, dynastic background and family education, schooling, right-based activities, and the gradual involvement in the country's politics of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. These fundamental elements translated into charismatic and democratic political leadership and made him a tremendous humanitarian personality. As a method, analyzing the archival resources and related published literature as books and journal articles, this study has crafted a vivid picture of an unsophisticated but the foundation of moral learning of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from early life. The significant result of this study is that it would present an exceptional model of political leadership and fulfil the gap about the information over his early life leadership. Most importantly, the outcome will provide the leadership capability to achieve goals personally set by the Mujib through his distinguishing attributes and response to the social and environmental situation during early life that would contribute to the discourse of political leadership studies.
How Austerity Undermines School Feeding Programmes: An Analysis of Ghana’s Home-Grown School Feeding Model
Authors: Mohammed Abdul-Rahim
Published: May 2021

Starting in 2015, the government of Ghana implemented austerity as a response to economic challenges in the country. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to demonstrate how a political climate of austerity undermines the goal of linking local agricultural production to school feeding markets. The paper draws on one-on-one semi-structured in-depth interviews with 25 service providers and one expert from the international NGO SEND-Ghana to examine the implication of austerity for Ghana’s home-grown school feeding programme. The findings reveal that austerity has meant that the actions and decisions of the service providers undermine the critical goal of linking the school feeding market to local agricultural production. Specifically, due to significant delays in reimbursing service providers for services delivered, the service providers are forced to deliver the programme by relying on credit purchases from the open market, rather than purchasing 80% of their foodstuff from the local smallholder farmers as required of them. Thus, Ghana might miss out on the development policy potential of stimulating local agricultural production through its connection to school feeding markets.
Shakespearean’s Tragedy: A Descriptive Study on King Lear by William Shakespeare
Authors: Al Jawad Ahmed Sanoussi Himeda , Borgg Eman Ibrahim Idreas , Bogzaha Hadeel Naje Farg
Published: May 2021

This study concentrates on comic relief at Shakespearean’s tragedy. The problem facing EFL students at the English language department with Shakespeare's plays is the harsh language used and understanding the themes he treats. Although King Lear is thought to be one of the most challenging works of Shakespeare, the play is accessible to progressive high school students and most university students. The study aims to break down the classic language in King Lear to make it easy for students to understand the play and thus enjoy the entertainment aspects of the story. The authors used the action research- documentary research. The nature of the study demanded that we had to collect documentary evidence from reference material prescript by the University of Benghazi for the instruction of literature at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Such material was only available on the internet and course instructional material used by lecturers of the English language department at the faculty of Arts and Science Kufrah. At the end of the study, the authors offered several recommendations.
Stress Management Amidst of the Covid-19 Pandemic of Public Junior High School Teachers in Selected High School of Aborlan North District
Authors: Panis Eliza
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted from February 2021 to March 2021 to determine the stress management amidst the covid - 19 pandemics of the junior high school teachers in selected high schools of Aborlan North. The descriptive research design, specifically the survey method, was used in this study. Data were gathered through survey questionnaires. A total of 39 permanent teachers were enumerated from the selected high schools as the respondents of the study. The result showed that most of the respondents were married females in their middle age. They had been in the service for a mean of 11.3 years and almost three fourth (74.4%) of them were Secondary School Teacher I with a mean teaching load of 26.4 hours per week. The perceived sources of stress such as work, family, personal, and environmental were considered distinctly part of the respondents’ lives. The level of perceived stress of the respondents was noted to be “high stress”. The activities engaged in very often to manage stress by a majority of the respondents were walking, praying, attending church/religious service, planting, gardening, and watering plants, washing domes, cooking/baking, evaluating oneself, watching the news, watching entertainment programs, watching “teledramas”, “telenovelas”, listening to music, texting, going to the internet, and talking with a family member.
A Qualitative Study Exploring Neurodiversity Conference Themes, Representations and Evidence-Based Justifications for the Explicit Inclusion and Valuing of OCD
Authors: Mellifont Damian
Published: May 2021

The inclusivity of neurodiversity conferences is a new field of research. Utilising Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as an example, this study aims to critically investigate issues of inclusivity in the flyers advertising these conferences. This exploratory research is informed by 22 conference flyers and 14 scholarly articles retrieved from respective internet and Google Scholar enquiries. These articles offered evidence-based justifications for a greater inclusion of OCD-focused content in neurodiversity conferences. The study cautions that the lack of explicit inclusion of OCD as a topic among conferences can be harmful to persons who identify with this particular type of neurodivergence. This study offers a sound base from which future research focusing upon other forms of neurodivergence and issues of neurodiversity conference inclusivity and intersectionality can develop.
DEFINITION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF ICT INFRASTRUCTURE CO-DEPLOYMENT WITH ROAD TRANSPORT AND ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   О.S. Popov Odessa National Academy of Telecommunications, Kaptur V.A. , Kniazieva O.A.
Published: May 2021

As more of the world becomes digital, broadband access becomes more important than ever, including in rural and remote areas. National programmes to develop the information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure and reduce the digital divide are recognized as essential to the achievement of national socioeconomic development plans. However, for telecom operators, laying fibre-optic cables in sparsely populated regions is not always economically viable, and the existing telephone network in many regions is not adapted to provide broadband access to the Internet. The economic cost and resources used to deploy the ICT infrastructure could be optimized through co-deployment, which is defined as the concomitant deployment of ducts and/or fibre-optic cables during the construction of infrastructure such as new roads, highways, railways, power transmission lines and oil/gas pipelines. At the same time, the issues of assessing the economic efficiency of the co-deployment of telecommunications with other infrastructure services within the framework of one project remain insufficiently resolved. The aim of the work is formation of a method of an estimation of efficiency co-deployment with road transport and energy infrastructure. The article is comprised of the following components: overview of methodology for determining the compatibility potential of ICT infrastructure co-deployment with road transport and energy infrastructure; a parametric model of ICT infrastructure co-deployment with road transport and energy infrastructure; methodology for assessing the economic efficiency of ICT infrastructure co-deployment with road transport and energy infrastructure. The subject of the research is the process of ICT infrastructure co- deployment with road transport and energy infrastructure. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the development of methodology that is based on the principle of comparing an indicator of the speed of a specific increment in value for cases of co-deployment and separate deployment of the corresponding infrastructures.
PRECONDITIONS OF INTERNET TELEVISION DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL AND ETHICAL MARKETING
Authors:   O.S. Popov Odessa National Academy of Telecommunications, Kniazieva O.A. , Mitrov H.O.
Published: May 2021

This article explains why modern Internet television is one of the leading sources of information at a time when people are restricted from moving freely as a result of the pandemic. It has been shown that users who have switched to remote work opt for multi-screen formats to receive modern services – on smartphones, tablets, PCs, TVs, and other devices. End-users’ demand for television content and streaming services has increased considerably. This has led to growth in telecommunication services and Internet traffic. For this reason, it’s necessary to develop approaches to further the evolution of modern Internet television. This is something that has to be based on social and ethical marketing. A marketing study of television users has identified the main consumers and their needs, as well as prospects for the growth in demand for Internet television services. A criterion and factor analysis was done to evaluate the preconditions for the use of social and ethical marketing tools for the development of Internet television. It determined that the social factor is what mainly caused the development of said services. We explained the main advantages of introducing social and ethical marketing, meeting society’s needs for modern services, and ensuring businesses’ profitability during crises. The main types of consequences that can arise from these processes at different levels of economic activity are summarized. A number of promising areas for further development of Internet television have been described, among which the most important is the development of streaming services and multi-screen technologies. Approaches for providing financial support for developing Internet television through the introduction of public-private partnership tools (for large enterprises), crowdfunding, and other digital financial platforms – for small and medium-sized companies are proposed.
DEEP LEVELS IN P-N-STRUCTURES BASED ON GaAsP
Authors:   O.S. Popov Odessa National Academy of Telecommunications, Irkha V.I. , Markolenko P.Yu. , Markolenko T.D , Slobodyanyuk I.A.
Published: May 2021

Research of deep levels in p-n-structures based on a GaAsP solid solution has been done. It is shown that a significant spread in the efficiency of the studied LEDs is due to the difference in the composition of GaAsP in the active region. It has been determined that the main parameter that determines the efficiency of a light-emitting diode is its internal quantum efficiency, which is associated with the probability of radiative and nonradiative transitions. It is connected with deep levels caused by various types of defects. The ionization energies of deep levels in the depletion layer of p-n-junctions are determined using the method of thermally stimulated currents (TSC). It is shown that the presence of such levels can lead to a significant increase in the series resistance of the LED, which in turn will lead to a decrease in efficiency and additional heating of the diode. The structure and parameters the samples that investigated are described. Information about distribution of impurities in p-n-junctions of light-emitting diodes based on GaAsP was obtained by measuring the capacitance-voltage characteristics. Device that used to determine the TSС is described. The results of calculations of deep impurity levels and their concentration from the TSC curves for various LEDs based on GaAsP are presented
CODING EFFICIENCY IN RESIDUAL CLASS SYSTEMS
Authors:   О.S. Popov Odessa National Academy of Telecommunications, Zakharchenko N.V. , Hajiyev M.М. , Salmanov N.S. , Golev D.V. , Sedov К.S.
Published: May 2021

In the process of transmitting signals over channels of different data transmission systems to provide high reliability and transmission performance can use various coding methods and ways of converting transmitted data. Moreover, each of the methods has its own advantages and disadvantages in comparison with others. For example, when using timer signaling structures (TSC), it is possible to provide the transmission of significantly more information in one time interval in comparison, for example, with positional coding. Also, classical positional coding is inferior in such important parameters of data transmission as information capacity and entropy. At the same time, the used language of the transmitted text information significantly affects the results of calculating these parameters, based on which the calculations are carried out or the type of text used (literary, technical, etc.). Also, the result of the calculations can be affected by the volume of the analyzed text (the influence is likely to be noticeable in particular cases, and not in general). In these conditions, the possibility of using a certain / adapted type of coding of the transmitted data in the corresponding information transmission systems becomes especially important. Conducted theoretical studies show that timer signal coding under these conditions can be successfully applied in residual class systems, in contrast to positional coding. This possibility provides a number of advantages over the classical positional coding method in terms of reliability, performance and amount of transmitted information. To fully confirm the validity of the results obtained in the course of theoretical research, it is necessary to conduct appropriate practical research, for example, with the simulation on a software model of the application of a particular transmission system with different coding principles.