bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O leku roślinnym: krótka historia pojęcia i związanych z nim regulacjach prawnych
Authors: Księżopolski Robert
Published: September 2024

In Antiquity, the term “medicine” meant a substance used for medicinal purposes, of plant, mineral or animal origin. Nowadays, in addition to the term “medicine”, the legal term “medicinal product” is used more and more often. According to the tradition of galenic pharmacy, the term plant medicine (or medicinal product of plant origin) meant whole medicinal plants, their specific parts (herb, flowers, leaf, inflorescences, roots, tubers, rhizomes, etc.) used for medicinal purposes, or their various formulations obtained from fresh or dried plants. Nowadays, the term medicinal product is reserved for substances with documented effects, confirmed by safety studies and clinical trials. Among products of plant origin, there are many other categories of products that do not constitute medicinal products, i.e. do not have “the ability to prevent or treat diseases occurring in humans or animals, or are administered for the purpose of making a diagnosis or for the purpose of restoring, improving or modifying physiological functions of the body through pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action”, according to the definition of a medicinal product defined in the Pharmaceutical Law in Poland. The differentiation of plant-based products is based on their properties and the purpose of their use, not on the source of origin.
Szafran i Crocus jako surowiec leczniczy i przyprawa w polskich renesansowych zielnikach
Authors: Trojanowska Anna
Published: September 2024

Since ancient times, saffron – Crocus sativus L. has been used in Europe as a medicinal raw material, spice and dye. It was called crocus and saffron and various medicinal properties were attributed to it. It was believed, for example, that it revitalized the brain and heart, stimulated the senses, and protected against poisons. Saffron was a component of many medicines, including popular anti-plague remedies, such as theriac, and was also a characteristic spice of Old Polish cuisine. Saffron was mentioned in Polish Renaissance herbariums and in old cookbooks. The aim of the work is to indicate what properties of saffron were mentioned by Polish herbarium authors as important for medicinal use, and what properties were important for its use as a spice.
Składniki żywiczne w preparatach leczniczych (XVI–XIX w.) na podstawie napisów aptecznych na naczyniach z kolekcji Mateusza B. Grabowskiego w Muzeum Farmacji Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego – Collegium Medicum
Authors: Dymarczyk Iwona , Capecka Ewa
Published: September 2024

The work presents some ingredients of complex medicines available in European pharmacies in the 16th–19th centuries, selected on the basis of studies of the collection of pharmacy vessels by Mateusz B. Grabowski, Museum of Pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University – Medical College. The plant resin raw materials included in these medicines, their ancient and contemporary significance, were discussed.
Kilka refleksji na temat roślin leczniczych stosowanych w wojsku na przestrzeni wieków
Authors: Daszkiewicz Piotr
Published: September 2024

Plants, including medicinal plants, have been associated with armies and wars for centuries. The written history of military phytotherapy dates back at least to the time of Dioscorides, which is already 2,000 years old. Medicinal plants associated with the military belong to a specific ethnobotanical category of “war plants”, called in French “plantes obdisionales”, a category created by French botanists after the French-Prussian waśr in 1870. The article reminds the army’s relationship with the cinchona tree, the search for quinine substitutes, as well as the search for these trees in Peru during World War II, Richard Schultes’ research. The abovementioned coca is used by the Peruvian army during the War of Independence. The role of the botanical gardens of the French Navy and the front gardens of soldiers during World War I were presented. Military botanicals expeditions in North Africa in the 19th century were mentioned. In conclusion, the author states the important role of the army in the history of medicinal plants and the need to continue research on this issue.
Róża (Rosa L.) w polskim ziołolecznictwie ludowym od drugiej połowy XIX do początków XXI wieku
Authors: Gruszecki Robert , Walasek-Janusz Magdalena
Published: September 2024

The rose is a versatile plant, it provides “jam and wine”, surrounds us with beauty and a pleasant scent, which in the form of essential oil is also a valuable cosmetic. The flowers, fruits, leaves, roots and galls, and even the soil in which it grew, were used in traditional herbal medicine in rural communities. These raw materials were used to prepare infusions, decoctions, jams, juices, water and alcohol extracts, ointments and smoke, which were used to fumigate the sick person or diseased places. They were used to treat eye diseases, dermatological diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, consumption, fever, cough, ulcers, wounds, bone, tooth, head and eye pain, and even to treat madness. Most often, however, rose was used to treat erysipelas, in Polish the name of the disease and the plant was identical, according to the principle “like cures like”. The multitude of obtained “medicines” and the variety of ways of preparing and using these raw materials indicate the ability of traditional communities to observe, draw conclusions, and also cope with situations when access to medical care was very limited. These observations, often supported by long practice, can inspire us to conduct further research on the medicinal properties of this valuable plant.
Nadbajkalski targ zielarski – na styku wpływów miejscowego ziołolecznictwa i tradycyjnych systemów medycznych Azji
Authors: Makowska-Wąs Justyna , Galanty Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

Lake Baikal, located in the southern part of Siberia, separates the Irkutsk Oblast from the current Republic of Buryatia. From the southwestern end of the lake, the Sayan mountain range stretches towards Altai. In Buryatia, at the foot of the Eastern Sayan and on the border of the Tunkin Valley, lies the village of Arshan, known for its mineral waters. In this region, located at the junction of high mountains and the vast Irkut valley, many species of plants that are growing in nature are used in traditional medicine. An important context is the ethnic and religious diversity of the inhabitants of Buryatia, hence in this area we can also encounter traditional Tibetan or Mongolian medicine, and even shamanic practices.

The work is a summary of the visit to the Arshan herbal market, the description is based on interviews with sellers and our own observations. The medicinal raw materials offered on the market are mainly dried plants, their secretions (e.g. resJustyna ins), and mushrooms. You can also buy portioned herbs and ready-made herbal mixtures. Some products have different labels describing their healing effects and use
Proving Properties of $\varphi$-Representations with the Walnut Theorem-Prover
Authors: Shallit Jeffrey
Published: September 2024

We revisit a classic theorem of Frougny and Sakarovitch concerning automata
for $\varphi$-representations, and show how to obtain it in a different and
more computationally direct way. Using it, we can find simple, induction-free
proofs of existing results in the literature about these representations, in a
uniform and straightforward manner. In particular, we can easily and
"automatically'' recover many of the results of recent papers of Dekking and
Van Loon. We also obtain a number of new results on $\varphi$-representations.
Valdimar Jóhannsson’ın Kuzu (2021) filminde farklılığın yitimi ve kurban bunalımı
Authors: Aşılıoğlu Emre , Özcan Şefik
Published: September 2024

Bu makale, Valdimar Jóhannsson’un yönetmenliğini ve senaristliğini yaptığı Kuzu (2021) filmini, Fransız antropolog ve filozof René Girard’ın Şiddet ve Kutsal adlı eserindeki kavramlardan yola çıkarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İzlanda’da izole bir çiftlikte yaşayan Maria ve Ingvar çiftinin bir kuzuyu evlat edinmelerini konu alan film, doğa ve insan ilişkilerini, cinsiyet rollerini ve kayıp temalarını işler. Folk horror türünde değer-lendirilebilecek unsurlar barındıran film, pastoral ve karanlık atmosferiyle izleyiciye estetik ve duygusal bir deneyim sunar. Girard’ın kuramlarına göre, filmdeki şiddet ve kutsal arasındaki ilişki belirgindir; filmde Ada isimli kuzu, masumiyetin sembolü olarak belli noktalarda teolojik anlamlar barındırırken aynı zamanda bir yer değiştirmecenin nesne-nedeni olarak, yani bir arzu-nesnesi olarak da işlev görür. Ada’nın doğaüstü bir gücün sembolü oluşu, Pan’ın ortaya çıkışıyla açığa çıkar. Makale, Kuzu filmini Girard’ın şiddet ve kutsal kuramları bağlamında analiz ederken, aynı zamanda folk horror türünün özelliklerini ve filmin Freudyen ve Lacancı psikanalitik açıdan incelenebilir yönlerini de ortaya koymaktadır.
NATIONAL DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE: DETERMINING THE OWN- ERSHIP OF ADMINISTRATIVE ARCHIVES AND MANUSCRIPT LI- BRARY COLLECTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONCLUSION OF THE RIGA PEACE TREATY OF 1921 BETWEEN RUSSIA, UKRAINE, AND POLAND
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Hiarnovich Tatsiana
Published: September 2024

The article examines the issue of Poland’s restitution of cultural valuables in accordance with the Peace Treaty of 1921. It is emphasized that Belarusians and Ukrainians were effectively excluded from the discussion of the treaty text; their national interests were represented by the RSFSR, significantly influencing the final formulations of the treaty text and approaches to attributing objects to Poland’s national heritage. The legacy of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1772 did not distinguish parts related to the national culture of Ukraine and Belarus, both of which were constituents of the Commonwealth during that period. In the course of discussions on the treaty provisions and its subsequent implementation in scholarly circles, there is a theoretical elaboration of the principle linking archival holdings to the territory of their creation and the formulation of basic principles for attributing documentary heritage to the national heritage of a state. Due to the unfavorable formulations of the treaty text for the Soviet side, the implementation of its provisions was accompanied by secret directives of the Soviet government to allocate from the funds and collections those parts that were concealed from transfer. This secrecy further complicated the process and added a layer of complexity to the historical context of the cultural restitution.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
Authors:   Archives of Vojvodina, Serbia, Baroš Zorica
Published: September 2024

The matter of human rights and freedoms viewed through a historical prism is rich in ideas, starting from ancient thought, through class freedoms in the Middle Ages, and up to the concept of natural rights that belong to man by birth, not as acquired rights. The idea of natural rights represented an introduction to the adoption of the first civil declarations, while in the process of formulating individual rights and freedoms at the end of the 17 th and 18 th centuries, an answer was sought to the question of the relationship of government to the individual, with an emphasis on the fact that government must be limited in order to protect rights and freedoms of the individual. Over time, the “topic” of human rights has become more important and current. We can say that the topic of human rights and freedoms is extremely important, especially because their evolution in the past few decades has led to a significant enrichment of the catalog of human rights through the introduction of new rights and the expansion of the content of existing ones. However, the establishment of the modern concept of human rights and their international standardization was a long and difficult process. Therefore, for the sake of a comprehensive analysis and a better understanding of hu- man rights and freedoms, it is of great importance to know their evolution, which is the subject of the analysis of this paper.
Exploring Cultural Transformation Through Design: Implications of Indonesia-China Relations on National Identity
Authors: Paramitha Jessica , Wei Fang
Published: September 2024

This research highlights the crucial role of design in tracing cultural transformation and its implications for national identity, particularly in the context of Indonesia-China bilateral relations. Design, as a reflection of culture, embodies the values, beliefs, and aesthetics of a nation. The objectives of this research are to (1) explore the role of design in cultural transformation, (2) analyze the influence of bilateral relations on design, (3) assess national identity in design, (4) identify design innovations for cultural diplomacy, and (5) investigate cultural dissemination through design. This study employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through literature review, document analysis, and in-depth interviews with design experts, cultural scholars, and government officials from Indonesia and China. The results reveal that bilateral relations between Indonesia and China have led to significant cultural transformations in design. Cultural exchange and design collaboration have produced innovative works that incorporate elements from both countries. This transformation has influenced the national identities of both countries by strengthening the sense of unity, increasing tolerance and intercultural understanding, and creating new opportunities for cultural diplomacy and bilateral cooperation. The conclusion of this research is that design is not only a tool to reflect culture but also a bridge to strengthen cooperation and understanding between cultures. In the context of Indonesia-China relations, design holds great potential to build a more harmonious and inclusive future for both nations.
El quehacer del docente en instituciones educativas
Authors: Aragón Patricia Valencia
Published: September 2024

El quehacer docente, es muy amplio e importante en una institución, ya que tanto el docente como el estudiante son pilares importantes de esta, y por medio de ellos se realiza el proyecto educativo institucional o la malla curricular, con base en los modelos pedagógicos implementados anteriormente. Los docentes al ser parte primordial de la institución también lo son de los estudiantes, ya que ellos coadyuvan en la realización y formación de las futuras generaciones y tienen diferentes roles en el aula de clase no solo como docentes sino como consejeros o guías para los estudiantes. Es muy importante que las instituciones educativas y la sociedad, valoren y ayuden a los docentes en su trabajo, aportándoles o brindándoles la ayuda necesaria al momento de brindarles las herramientas suficientes para poder desempeñar su magnifica labor. Ya que es importante garantizar la calidad de la educación impartida.
Hubungan Status Gizi dan Mobilisasi Dini Terhadap Involusi Uteri
Authors: Novfrida Yizri , Lawarni Rosi , Pusmaika Rangga
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Segera setelah persalinan, berat rahim sekitar 1000 gram dan selanjutnya mengalami masa proteolitik, sehingga otot rahim menjadi kecil ke bentuknya semula. Pada beberapa keadaan, terjadinya proses involusi rahim tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, sehingga proses pengecilannya terlambat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan status gizi dan mobilisasi dini terhadap involusi uteri pada ibu nifas di Puskesmas Sepatan Kabupaten Tangerang. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional menggunakan chi square. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan accidental sampling yang berjumlah  38 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat.  Hasil: Responden dengan status gizi normal mengalami involusi uteri normal sebesar 81,8% dengan nilai P 0,084 ≥ alpha (0,05) berarti tidak adanya hubungan antara status gizi dengan involusi uteri pada ibu nifas. Responden dengan mobilisasi dini baik mengalami involusi uteri normal sebesar 88% dengan nilai P 0,001 ≤ alpha (0,05) berarti adanya hubungan antara mobilisasi dini dengan involusi uteri pada ibu nifas. Kesimpulan: Mobilisasi dini sangatlah penting untuk memperlancar sirkulasi darah dan mengeluarkan cairan vagina (lochea) serta sebagai upaya mempercepat involusi uteri pada ibu nifas.
Background: Immediately after delivery, the uterus weighs about 1000 grams and then undergoes a proteolytic period, so that the uterine muscles become small to their original shape. In some circumstances, the uterine involution process does not work as it should, so that the reduction process is delayed. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and early mobilization on uterine involution in postpartum women at the Sepatan Health Center, Tangerang Regency. Methods: This research is analytic in nature with a cross-sectional approach using chi square. The sample used accidental sampling which amounted to 38 respondents. This study uses univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: Respondents with normal nutritional status experienced normal uterine involution of 81.8% with P-value of 0.084 ≥ alpha (0.05) meaning that there was no relationship between nutritional status and uterine involution in postpartum women. Respondents with good early mobilization experienced normal uterine involution of 88% with P-value of 0.001 ≤ alpha (0.05) meaning that there was a relationship between early mobilization and uterine involution in postpartum mothers.
Conclusion: Early mobilization is very important to improve blood circulation and expel vaginal discharge (lochea) and as an effort to accelerate uterine involution in postpartum women.
Atemgastests zur Diagnose einer Dünndarmfehlbesiedelung: Wasserstoff, Methan und Co.
Authors: Mekonnen Tessema Fenta , Singh Stuti , Voigt Wieland
Published: September 2024

Beim Dünndarmfehlbesiedelungssyndrom kommt es durch Einwanderung von Mikroorganismen aus dem Kolon zu gastrointestinalen Beschwerden, die sich von einem Reizdarmsyndrom nur schwer abgrenzen lassen. Kombiniert mit der klinischen Präsentation stützt sich die Diagnose auf Atemtests oder die Kultur von Dünndarmaspiraten. Sensorbasierte oder gaschromatographische Atemtests weisen die Bildung von Wasserstoff und Methan als Produkte der Fermentierung von Testsubstraten wie Glukose oder Laktulose nach.
Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring (TDM) von Psychopharmaka: Ein Leitfaden
Authors: Schoretsanitis Georgios , Paulzen Michael
Published: September 2024

Bei der Einstellung von Patient:innen auf ein Psychopharmakon kann nicht sicher vorhergesagt werden, ob sie wirklich eine wirksame Medikamentenkonzentration aufbauen oder nicht. Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring kann im Sinne der personalisierten Medizin dabei helfen, individuelle Eigenschaften der Patient:innen zu berücksichtigen und so die Dosierung der angeordneten Psychopharmaka zu optimieren.
Roboter im Krankenhauslabor: Neuer Kollege mit Potenzial
Authors: Kleinspehn Edgar
Published: September 2024

In Zeiten des Fachkräftemangels stehen vor allem kleinere Labore, für die große Automationskonzepte wie Laborstraßen nicht infrage kommen, vor einer Herausforderung. Laborroboter können als präzise Helfer repetitive Prozesse übernehmen und das Laborpersonal Tag und Nacht entlasten. In zwei Krankenhauslaboren des LADR Laborverbundes Dr. Kramer & Kollegen ist seit Kurzem ein solcher Roboter im Einsatz. Eines der beiden Projekte wird hier vorgestellt.
Study on Pond Culture Water Quality Based On Several Physical and Chemical Parameters in Tambak Oso Village, Sidoarjo Regency
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, 60294, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Ni'mah Nur Laelatun , Siswanto Siswanto ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, 60294, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Arifin Moch. ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, 60294, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

Sidoarjo Regency holds significant potential for pond culture, particularly in Tambak Oso Village, Waru District. Despite this, there has been a decline in pond production in recent years, possibly caused by deteriorating pond culture water quality. Consequently, a study was undertaken to assess the quality of pond culture water and the source water in Tambak Oso Village. The study was conducted at six ponds and two rivers. The irrigation source of ponds 1, 2, and 3 are supplied by the Tambak Oso River, while ponds 4, 5, and 6 are supplied by the Buntung River. Parameters examined included water temperature, water brightness, pH, nitrate (NO3), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and Total Organic Matter (TOM). The results indicated that all six ponds met the required quality standards, except for water temperature. The Buntung River met the quality standards for pond source water, whereas the Tambak Oso River fell short only in terms of pH. The t-test results revealed differences in water quality between pond 3 and the Tambak Oso River, as well as pond 6 and the Buntung River.
The Influence of the Coach's Leadership Type on the Mental Toughness of Soccer Players
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Kurniawan M. Sahrul , . Fauzi ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Arianto Afeb Chesa ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: September 2024

The objectives to be achieved in this study are in accordance with the existing problems, namely to determine the effect of the coach's leadership type on the mental toughness of soccer players. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative with correlation. The population in the study were 128 soccer players. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The criteria are (1) willing to be a sample, (2) at least 16 years old, (3) have participated in matches, (4) still actively practicing. Based on these criteria, there were 62 players who met. The data analysis technique uses the product moment correlation test. Based on the results of data analysis, description, testing of research results, and discussion, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the coach's leadership type and mental toughness in soccer players, with rcount 0.850. For athletes, it is recommended to do more training and increase flight hours by participating in competitions and also be able to establish a positive bond with the coach to overcome the problems encountered in the field while practicing or when playing a match. It is hoped that research data can be obtained before the athlete competes and after the match. Then increase the research variables and the number of samples in the next research, and can monitor the effects that occur when athletes want and before competing.
Intensification of Islamic Wasaṭiyyah in Developing the Character of Muslim Employees at Pt. Telkom Company in Central Sulawesi
Authors:   Department of Education, Postgraduate school, State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu,Indonesia, Yusuf Khaeruddin , Nurdin Nurdin ,   Department of Education, Postgraduate school, State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu,Indonesia, Harun Ubay ,   Department of Education, Postgraduate school, State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu,Indonesia
Published: September 2024

This research aims to discuss the intensification of moderate Islamic values or wasathiyah in developing the character of employees of a telecommunications company in Central Sulawesi. This research was conducted using a qualitative case study method. Data was collected through direct observation in the field and in-depth interviews with company leaders and employees. Data was also collected by analyzing written documents related to employee mental and spiritual development activities in the company. The results of this research show that the form of intensification of Islamic wasaṭiyyah in developing the character of Muslim employees at Telkom Private Limited Company Central Sulawesi uses three forms, namely first, intensification of Islamic wasaṭiyyah utilizing the perspective of the Islamic trilogy, namely aqidah, sharia, and morals. Aqidah includes three (3) studies, sharia contains two (2) study themes, and morals includes four (4) study themes. Second, Intensification of Islamic wasaṭiyyah using the perspective of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia with indicators: national commitment covering five (5) study themes, tolerance covering six (6) study themes, anti-violence covering (5) study themes and accommodating to local culture includes three (3) study themes. Third, intensification of Islamic wasaṭiyyah using the perspective AKHLAK core values of Telkom Private Limited Company includes six central values: Trustworthy, Competent, Harmonious, Loyal, Adaptive, and Collaborative.
Pattern of Economic Education in the Family in the Indonesian-Malaysian Border Community
Authors:   Tanjungpura University & Pontianak City, Indonesia, Budiman Jumardi , Kuswanti Heni ,   Tanjungpura University & Pontianak City, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

This research is based on an interesting phenomenon related to the pattern of economic education in the community in Entikong Village, Entikong District, Sanggau Regency. This village is one of the outermost regions because it is directly adjacent to the State of Malaysia. The socio-economic heterogeneity of the community and the flow of people and goods between countries, make Entikong Village have a leading role in international trade flows. The purpose of this study is to identify the pattern of economic education in the family and its constituent factors in the people of Entikong Village. The research method used is a qualitative approach in descriptive form. The research data was obtained by interviewing informants, namely the people of Entikong Village. Data processing techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions drawn. Based on the study results, the pattern of economic education in the family in the people of Entikong Village can be reviewed from the aspect of the internalization process related to economic values, the element of exemplary parents, and the aspect of habituation of good economic behavior. The factors that shape the pattern of economic education in the people of Entikong Village include demographic characteristics, formal education factors, and socio-economic factors.
ANALISA JUMLAH KLOROFIL DAUN TERHADAP PRODUKSI BUAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) PADA DATARAN TINGGI DI KEBUN BAH BIRUNG ULU PTPN IV SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Aulia Juanda Djs  , Eka Bobby Febrianto  , Binsar Mangatur Tua Sinambela
Published: September 2024

Ketinggian salah satu faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi produksi. Klorofil merupakan salah satu faktor dalam yang dapat mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit. Terdapat beberapa faktor lain yang mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit, yaitu iklim, bentuk wilayah, kondisi tanah, bahan tanam, dan teknik budidaya. Ketinggian tempat (altitude) merupakan salah satu faktor dari luar yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi. Perbedaan ketinggian tempat menyebabkan perbedaan produktivitas sehingga data produksi perlu dianalisa dan dilakukan perbandingan. Perbedaan ketinggian menyebabkan perbedaan produktivitas sehingga data produksi perlu dianalisis dan dibandingkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun Bah Birung Ulu PTPN IV pada bulan April-Juni 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketinggian tempat di daerah dataran tinggi pengaruh jumlah klorofil daun terhadap produksi buah kelapa sawit laeis guineensisJacq.). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analitik deskriptif dengan mengolah data sekunder (LM 76) dan mengambil sampel daun dan mengukur kadar klorofil menggunakan klorofil meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di daerah dataran tinggi (Kebuna Bah Birung Ulu) memiliki produksi tertinggi pada tahun 2006 yaitu sebesar 22,976 Ton/Ha/ Tahun. Jumlah klorofil daun kelapa sawit tertinggi ditemukan pada tahun tanam 2005 yaitu 80,5 CCI. Produksi tanaman kelapa sawit terbesar adalah pada tahun tanam 2006 sebesar 22,976 Ton/ha/tahun dengan curah hujan 3.148 mm/tahun.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE TIME OF LIGHT TRAP APPLICATION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CAPTURINGMetisa Plana BAGWORM AT PABATU PLANTATION PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IV
Authors: Hasibuan Henry Budi , Rey Naldi Lesmana , Sulthon Parinduri , Maisarah
Published: September 2024

Light traps are a way to detect early pest attacks in the field. A light trap is a device used to catch or attractinsects. Functions to determine the presence or number of insect populations on plantation land. The use oflight traps as an environmentally friendly alternative for pest control, insect attraction to color is one way ofadapting insects in nature. Insect adaptations aim to protect themselves from predators. This research wasconducted at PT. X Kebun Afdeling 4, North Sumatra. This research aims to determine the time and lightintensity in the light trap application that is most effective in controlling bagworm imago. The method used isthe descriptive method, consisting of 3 different times, namely 19.00-21.00 WIB, 23.00-01.00 WIB, and 04.00-06.00 WIB. The parameter observed was the number of trapped bagworm (Metisa plana) imago. From theresearch results, the time for applying light traps at 04.00-06.00 WIB is the time for applying light traps thatis effective in controlling imago of bagworms (Metisa plana) with a total catch of 242 individuals during 10days of research at PT. X Afdeling Gardens 4
ANALISIS ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DAN NILAI DOBI PADA MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) SETELAH PROSES APLIKASI KOMBINASI BENTONIT DAN MAGNESIUM OKSIDA (MgO)
Authors: Raja Pada Mulia , Adlyansyah Adlyansyah
Published: September 2024

Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are adsorbents that can be combined applied in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) to reduce its free fatty acids (FFA) content. The quality standard of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in SNI 01-2901-2006 is the content of FFA, water and impurities, respectively, a maximum of 5%, 0.25% and 0.25%. Another parameter which determines the quality of CPO is the deterioration of bleachability index (DOBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the combination of bentonite and magnesium oxide (MgO) to reduce levels of FFA and increase the value of DOBI. The stages of this research are: 1). Natural bentonite preparation and activation 2). The variations in the combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are Bentonite: MgO (1: 1), Bentonite: MgO (3: 1), and Bentonite: MgO (1: 3) 3). Application of combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) on CPO and 4). Analysis of free fatty acid levels and the value of DOBI in CPO. The results showed that the best FFA reduction is on the combination of Bentonite: Mg O (3: 1) was 2.95% (according to SNI 01-2901-2006) while the highest DOBI value was shown in the Bentonite: MgO treatment (1:3) namely 2.79 (according to SNI 01-2901-2006). The combination of Bentonite: MgO can reduce the value of free fatty acids where the initial value of FFA = 5.2 after treatment, the value of FFA is 2.95% and increase the value of DOBI in CPO where the initial DOBI value is 1.65 and after treatment becomes 2.79.
(Re)insurance and Diversification Inside P&C Insurers
Authors: Bressan Silvia , Du Sabrina
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We show that the combination of reinsurance and diversification strategies can improve the financial conditions of group-affiliated insurers. Analyzing P&C insurance companies in the United States, we find that firms purchasing huge reinsurance from affiliates while having a largely diversified business, do exhibit low expense ratios, are more profitable and financially solid. Moreover, we show that increasing external reinsurance (i.e. reinsurance from non- affiliates) together with wide geographical diversification decreases expense ratios too. These findings are in line with the hypothesis that “real service efficiencies” from reinsurance Mayers and Smith Jr (1990) would be more substantial if insurers are able to concentrate less of their risk within only a few lines of business or geographical areas. These insights are important to develop managerial strategies to face economic phases characterized by increasing reinsurance costs like we are currently experiencing.

JEL classification numbers: G22, G30, G32.
Keywords: Insurance, Reinsurance, Diversification, Performance.
Seleção de linhagens de trigo em ensaios multi-ambientes: envirotipagem, adaptabilidade e estabilidade e modelagem de (co)variâncias
Authors:   , Casagrande Cleiton Renato
Published: September 2024

A produção de trigo no Cerrado brasileiro é um dos maiores desafios do país para alcançar a autossuficiência nacional na produção e consumo desse cereal. Nosso estudo focou em identificar linhagens de trigo altamente produtivas e estáveis em ambientes do Cerrado brasileiro. Para isso, avaliamos 36 genótipos ao longo de oito experimentos durante os anos agrícolas de 2018, 2019 e 2020. As análises conduzidas integraram técnicas de ambiente, adaptabilidade, estabilidade e modelagem de diferentes estruturas de matrizes de co(variâncias) genotípicas e residuais para a recomendação de genótipos. Para tal, foi realizado o estudo de 14 variáveis climatológicas no entendimento do comportamento diferencial produtivo através dos métodos de estabilidade e adaptabilidade por modelos mistos e GGE Biplot. Além disso, oito diferentes estruturas de co(variâncias) foram modeladas com o objetivo de realizar uma seleção com maior acurácia e com maiores ganhos preditivos. O modelo de melhor ajuste de co(variâncias) apontou para correlação heterogênea para os efeitos genotípicos e diagonal para os efeitos residuais. Os genótipos VI 14127, VI 14197, VI 14026 e BRS 264 destacaram-se como os mais promissores. Essas descobertas são essenciais para avançar na seleção de linhagens adaptadas ao Cerrado e resultam em benefícios para os programas de melhoramento de trigo no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum L.. Modelos mistos. Produtividade de grãos. GGE Biplot.
OxTube and Combined Water Clarification
Authors:   Professor, Chief Engineer, Sans Ox Ltd., Switzerland, Pylkkanen Juhani
Published: September 2024

Water is a pure substance that carries a huge load during its natural cycle on the earth, in the bio systems, in washing and cleaning, as well as in agricultural and industrial processes. Water gets rid of the load by evaporation caused by solar heat, and leaves it in the ponds, lakes and seas. In spite of modern waste water treatment these dumps of the water cycle become worse, and energy and chemicals consumption of the treatment has increased steadily. The waters and eco systems suffer increasing amount of drug and pharmaceutical residues, nutrients, various poisons, many other chemicals and micro plastics. Further, the natural water cycle functions as a major climate cooling element together with the photosynthesis. A lot of evaporation cool has lost by extension of civilization, open area building and construction, and underground sewerage systems. A new integrated water clarification method and device named OxTube for various water matrices and recycling is presented here. The clarification is hermetic and consists of four seamless phases; (1) separation of dissolved ingredients, (2) molecular activation, (3) clarification reactions, and (4) replacement dissolving. It separates dissolved gases like radon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and hydrocarbon, and dissolved solids like iron, manganese, calcium, fluorine and phosphorus. The molecules are activated and clarification reactions happen immediately by suction or feed of clean air, oxygen or ozone. The clarified water is aerated or oxygenated right after the clarification. All this happens within a second or few seconds depending on water volumes to be clarified. The integrated clarification is based on the fact that water itself is pure, it just picks up and transfers’ easily heavy load. The treated water can be recycled and discharged in to nature with full nature respect. The treated water can be led to the natural water cycle by spraying it on ground and plants for solar vaporization which means climate cooling, and load of the oceans can be reduced significantly. Health and wellness impacts of clean air can be dissolved in to the water such a way that exchange of slag and air gas between bio systems and the water initiates immediately in wet contact. Comparable iron gets rusted right away in this treated water but it could take years in dry air.
Effect of Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration Combined with Hem Perfusion on NLRP3 Levels and Prognosis in Children with Severe Sepsis
Authors:   First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China, Shen Peng , Liu Xue ,   First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China, Wang Zhiyuan ,   First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China, Li Shujun ,   First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To explore the effect of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) + hemoperfusion (HP) on the level of nucleotide-binding oligomerization receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and prognosis in children with severe sepsis.
Assessment of Mental Health, Post-COVID 19 Period, in the 15-24 Age Group
Authors:   Nursing Department, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan Aleksander Xhuvani, Ramasaco Liljana , Gaxhja Elona ,   Nursing Department, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan Aleksander Xhuvani, Rahmani Algida ,   Department of Psychiatry, Bicocca University, Faculty of Medicine, Milano
Published: September 2024

Childhood is a vulnerable stage of life which emphasizes the importance of psychological interventions for children in crisis situations to prevent the development of mental health problems. The mental health problems that some authors have warned about may not be immediately apparent but may take time to unfold.
Guía general de estudio para la asignatura de: Plan de Marketing II
Authors: Velasteguí Peñafiel Mariella
Published: September 2024

Estimados estudiantes:
Nos complace enormemente darles la más cordial bienvenida al curso de Plan de Marketing II, el cual, constituye una etapa avanzada en el IV Nivel de su formación académica. Este curso está diseñado para profundizar y expandir su comprensión y habilidad en la formulación y ejecución de estrategias de marketing efectivas dentro del ámbito empresarial.
El contenido del curso está organizado en cuatro unidades temáticas que abordan aspectos significativos del marketing moderno:
Unidad 1. Identificación de Oportunidades de Marketing: Esta unidad se centra en el reconocimiento y análisis de las oportunidades de mercado que pueden ser aprovechadas para el crecimiento y la innovación empresarial.
Unidad 2. Elaboración del Plan de Marketing: Abordaremos la estructura fundamental de un plan de marketing, incluyendo la definición de objetivos, la segmentación de mercado, y la asignación de recursos. Discutiremos cómo las estrategias bien fundamentadas pueden guiar las decisiones empresariales hacia resultados exitosos.
Unidad 3. Estrategias de Producto y/o Servicio: Profundizaremos en el desarrollo y la implementación de estrategias orientadas a productos y servicios. Este módulo cubrirá desde la concepción del producto hasta su posicionamiento en el mercado, incluyendo la gestión de ciclo de vida del producto y las tácticas de diferenciación.
Es de destacar que, a lo largo del curso, se fomentará el desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico y estratégico, esencial para los profesionales del marketing en el dinámico entorno empresarial actual.
Con la esperanza de que encuentren este curso tanto desafiante como enriquecedor, les deseamos el mayor de los éxitos en sus estudios y futuras iniciativas de marketing.
Cordialmente,
Msc. Mariella Velasteguí Tecnológico Universitario de Formación -UF-
Pengaruh Person Job Fit dan Person Organization Fit Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional dan Organization Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Ananda Dhea Nickita , Nasution Aulia Arief , Syafi'i Indra
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melihat pengaruh person job fit terhadap komitmen organisasional dan organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), serta melihat pengaruh person organization fit terhadap komitmen organisasional dan organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Peneliti melakukan reserch pada Kementerian PUPR Direktorat Jenderal Sumber Daya Air Balai Wilayah Sungai Sumatera II. Banyaknya jumlah populasi diperusahaan sekitar 400 orang, sedangkan sampel yang dipakai oleh peneliti sebanyak 200 orang dengan menggunakan metode rumus slovin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menyebar kuesioner. Hasil dari pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa person job fit memiliki hubungan yang  positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional dan organization citizenship behavior (OCB), sedangkan person organization fit tidak memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasionla dan organization citizenship behavior (OCB). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu organisasi merekrut, menyaring serta penempatan para pekerja yang ingin bergabung di dalam organisasi secara teliti, agar organisasi memiliki sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan utama suatu organisasi.
Pengembangan Kewirausahaan Berbasis Potensi Lokal dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Terhadap Peningkatan Literasi Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Strategi ABG-C (Academic, Business, Government, and Community) Di PKBM AL-MANAR Medan Sumatera Utara
Authors: Wildawati Meidina , Tahura T. Lyza , Pentana Sopi
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurship development on increasing household economic literacy, to determine the effect of community empowerment on increasing household economic literacy, to find out whether the ABG-C strategy moderates the effect of entrepreneurship development on increasing household economic literacy and to determine whether the ABG-C strategy moderates the effect of community empowerment on increasing household economic literacy. The total population in the study was 110 people, so the saturated sampling technique was used. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression and MRA.The results showed that the development of entrepreneurship has a positive and significant effect on increasing household economic literacy, community empowerment has a positive and significant effect on increasing household economic literacy, the ABG-C strategy does not moderate the effect of entrepreneurship development on increasing household economic literacy, the ABG-C strategy does not moderate the effect of entrepreneurship development on increasing household economic literacy. ABG-C strategy does not moderates the effect of community empowerment on increasing household economic literacy.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship Development, Community Empowerment, ABG-C Strategy, Improving Household Economic Literacy
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan kewirausahaan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga, untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga, untuk mengetahui apakah strategi ABG-C memoderasi pengaruh pengembangan kewirausahaan terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga dan untuk mengetahui apakah strategi ABG-C memoderasi pengaruh pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga.Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian sebanyak 110 orang, sehingga digunakan teknik sampling jenuh.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dan MRA.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga, pemberdayaan masyarakat tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga, strategi ABG-C tidak memoderasi pengaruh pengembangan kewirausahaan terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga, strategi ABG-C tidak memoderasi pengaruh pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga.
Kata kunci : Pengembangan Kewirausahaan, Pemberdayaan masyarakat, Strategi ABG-C, Peningkatan literasi ekonomi rumah tangga
Pengaruh Kompetensi, Budaya Organisasi, Soft Skill dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di PT. Bank Sumut Pusat Medan
Authors: Ayu Nila
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the significant influence of competence, organizational culture, soft skill and career development on employee performance of PT. Central Sumatera Bank Medan. The total population in this study amounted to 531 employee and use 84 employee as a sample. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that competence, organizational culture, soft skill and career development had a significant effect on employee performance at PT. Central Sumatera Bank Medan. As simultan effect the competence, organizational culture, soft skill and career development had a significant effect on employee performance at PT. Central Sumatera Bank.
Abstraksi: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh signifikan kompetensi, budaya organisasi, soft skill dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja pegawai pada PT. Bank Sumut Kantor Pusat Medan. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 531 pegawai dan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 84 pegawai PT.Bank Sumut Kantor Pusat. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi, budaya organisasi, soft skill dan pengembangan karir berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada PT. Bank Sumut Kantor Pusat Medan. Secara simultan kompetensi, budaya organisasi, soft skill dan pengembangan karir berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada PT. Bank Sumut Kantor Pusat Medan.
Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Pembelajaran, dan Inovasi Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Melalui Orientasi Kewirausahaan Pada UKM Sektor Makanan di Desa kolam
Authors: Anggraini Dewi
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah orientasi pasar, orientasi pembelajaran dan inovasi berpengaruh terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan secara parsial, untuk mengetahui apakah orientasi pasar, orientasi pembelajaran, inovasi dan orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja bisnis secara parsial. Untuk mengetahui apakah orientasi kewirausahaan memediasi pengaruh orientasi pasar, orientasi pembelajaran dan inovasi terhadap kinerja bisnis secara parsial. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 116 UKM Sektor Makanan di Desa Kolam Medan, dan semuanya dijadikan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik penarikan sampling jenuh. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah path analysis. 
 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi pasar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan, orientasi pembelajaran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan, inovasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan. Orientasi pasar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja bisnis, orientasi pembelajaran tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja bisnis, inovasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja bisnis, orientasi kewirausahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja bisnis. Orientasi kewirausahaan tidak memediasi pengaruh orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja bisnis, orientasi kewirausahaan tidak memediasi pengaruh orientasi pembelajaran terhadap kinerja bisnis, dan orientasi kewirausahaan tidak memediasi pengaruh inovasi terhadap kinerja bisnis pada UKM Sektor Makanan di Desa Kolam.
Kata kunci : Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Pembelajaran, Inovasi, Kinerja Bisnis, Orientasi Kewirausahaan