bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOLKLORE ARCHIVE OF BELARUS: ON THE WAY FROM TRADITIONAL TO DIGITAL
Authors:   Center for Research of Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Minsk), Hrynevich Yanina I. , Vnukovich Yury I. ,   Center for Research of Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Minsk)
Published: December 2024

The article examines the reasons and prerequisites for the creation of the
oldest and richest folklore archive of Belarus – the Collection of Folklore Records, which cur-
rently belongs to The Center for Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature Research of the
National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. It is shown how the strategic tasks facing folklore
collectors have been transformed from the stage of the archive’s formation to the present day.
The main stages in the history of the formation of archival funds are identified, their qualitative
and quantitative composition is characterized, the main principles of collecting materials are
determined. The emphasis is placed on the solution of current problems by the archive staff on
digitization and providing online access to materials
NATIONS AND NATIONALISM THROUGH HISTORY IN THE WORK OF ERNEST GELLNER
Authors:   University of Niš Faculty of Philosophy Department of History Serbia, Ranđelović Vojin N.
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the issue of the origin and development of nations and nationalism in the work of Ernest Gellner. Gellner divided human history into the age of hunting/gathering, agrarian and industrial society, and in his works he depicted the development of nations and nationalism through all three stages of human society. For the realization of this work, in addition to other literature, Gellner’s works were primarily used, such as Nations and Nationalism, Nationalism and Culture, Identity and Politics, etc. Given that many theoreticians, including Ernest Gellner, used the works of Ernest Renan as the starting point of their research, the paper looks at Renan’s lecture “What is a nation?” (Qu’est-ce qu’une nation?).
OVERCOMING POSTMODERNIST POETICS AND THE POETIC FUNCTION OF THE SHORT STORY COLLECTION DIFFERENCES BY GORAN PETROVIĆ
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology Department of Serbian Literature with South Slavic Literatures Serbia, Šarenac Slobodanka Č.
Published: December 2024

In the short storiy collection Differences by the Serbian writer Goran Petrović it is possible to observe overcoming of the patterns of postmodernist poetics, a focus on autobiographical details, giving importance to autopoetic comments as poetic instructions in the structure of narrative units, defining the poetic principle of establishing difference as a code of reading, a new approach to the processing of historical themes, a different conception the theme of art and its role in constituting the reality of the work of art, the introduction of a new theme with a religious subtext of meaning, and returning to the theme of the man of modern civilization burdened by life in virtual reality.
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRIME PREVENTION POLICY
Authors:   University of Niš Faculty of Law Serbia, Mirić Filip
Published: December 2024

Crime prevention policy reflects measures of social and legal reaction to crime. The subject of the paper is to point out the historical development of crime prevention policy. Following the historical thread of the its development, changes in the reaction to crime, which can represent a roadmap for creating a safer society and suppressing the fear of crime can be observed. The aim of the paper is to show once again that looking into the past of crime suppression actually represents a step forward in the process of fighting against modern forms of crime, as a general phenomenon and individual antisocial behavior.
Wireframe Modelling of Web Based Open Data Applications
Authors:   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Science, Serbia, Milutinović Jovan S. , Milić Petar O. ,   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Science, Serbia, Vučetić Slaviša S. ,   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Science, Serbia
Published: December 2024

An essential part of modern software development process is wireframe modeling. For such purpose, it is a crucial step in the design phase, requiring specialized tools. This paper introduces a model for the wireframe modelling, with special focus on understanding the process of wireframing. In order to achieve this, we shortly describe some of the software tools are described, along with description of the various methods and techniques used in wireframe modeling. Moreover, a model is presented for simplification of the process of wireframing. Additionally, a use case of the developed model for wireframe modelling is provided, illustrating how an open data-based web application for cultural institutions can be developed. In the final section of the paper, the work on this topic is concluded, along with recommendations for future work in this area.
Family of Occasionally Weakly Compatible Mappings with an Application in Dynamic Programming
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, India, Murthy Penumarthy P. , Kavita K. ,   Department of Mathematics, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, India, Kumar Sanjey ,   Department of Mathematics, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, India, Gilic Ersin ,   State University of Novi Pazar, Serbia
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we investigate the existence of a unique common fixed point of families of occasionally weakly compatiblemappings along with property(E.A) satisfying a generalized (psi,fi)-weak contraction condition involving cubic terms of distance function which generalize some known results. As an application, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of a common solution of certain functional equations arising in dynamic programming.
STREAM Approach from the Teachers’ Perspective: Perceived Limitations and Shortcomings
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education: Novi Sad, Serbia, Gorjanac Ranitović Marijana , Marić Mia ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education in Sombor, Serbia, Maričić Mirjana ,   Faculty of Education, University of Novi Sad: Sombor, Serbia, Gordic Snežana ,   Faculty of Education in Sombor, University of Novi Sad: Sombor, Serbia
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to explore the teachers’ perception of specific limitations and shortcomings as characteristics of the STREAM approach. Also, possible differences in the perception of limitations
and shortcomings of the STREAM approach among teachers were determined. These socio-demographic variables included gender, work environment, type of school where respondents are employed, region, level of education, current educational status and years of work experience. The sample of research consisted of 253 teachers from public and private elementary schools in all regions of the Republic of Serbia. About the perceived shortcomings and limitations, teachers mostly point out that the STREAM is more complex to implement and can represent a significant professional challenge for them. Work environment, type of school, work experience and level of education showed as socio-demographic variables that significantly influence differences in teachers’ perceptions of STREAM in the domain of its perceived limitations and shortcomings. In accordance with these findings, proper formal and informal continuous education of teachers in all areas of working, enrichment of teachers’ working environment and enhancing their experience in the context of STREAM implementation represent crucial recommendations for further development and advancement of the actual teaching practices.
Art Integration in STEAM Education – the Holistic Approach
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Vojvodić Savić Milica , Jeremić Biljana ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Milošević Jovana ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Zečević Radmila ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Published: December 2024

Creative individuals are characterized by the ability to redefine problems, connect disparate elements and search for unexpected answers. Similar traits are found in children, who intuitevely link play with knowledge and creative expression. This holistic perspective is disrupted in school due to the differentiation into distinct teaching subjects. Various educational concepts such as this holistic approach, aim to mitigate these effects. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a workshop focused on integrating artistic practice into STEAM education, emphasizing the transition from STEM to
STEAM. The goal is to analyze alternative teaching methods that prioritize the creative process over the final product. The wokshop is devided into three activities. The first acitivity emphasizes interdisciplinarity and the creativiy, integrating art with STEM disciplines. The second activity explores the role of arts in developing 21st century competencies, through active methods like brainstorming, focusing on aestethic competencies collaboration, and problem solving. The third activity examines how artistic activities enhance experiential learning and conceptual organization, linking new STEM knowledge
into real life applications. This workshop underscores the necessity of a modified teacher’s role in fostering creativity, stimulating curiosity, and enhancing intrinsic motivation, ultimately preparing students for innovative and flexible problem solving in the future.
Hands-On Experiments in STEAM Education Strategy
Authors:   Preschool Teacher Training and Businees Informatics College of Applied Studies - Sirmium, Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia, Damnjanović Jasmina , Cvjetićanin Stanko ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Maričić Mirjana ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Obadović Milica ,   Faculty of Education, Sombor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Published: December 2024

Modern education tends to increasingly implement the STEAM concept in every level of education, which is considered imperative in teaching and learning. In the available research, a small number of papers were found that aim to examine the importance and contribution of the application of “Hands-on” experiments within the STEAM strategy in different cognitive domains. Accordingly, this paper aims to present previous research examining the application of “Hands-on” experiments in the STEAM educational approach where positive educational outcomes have been observed, for a more complex understanding of this framework. The paper discusses the theoretical starting points of the STEAM model as a concept of modern education, and then gives an overview of the design of current STEAM models that are applied in the educational process. It looks at hands - n experiments in the context of STEAM, as well as the importance that hands-on experiments can provide when students learn through their own experience. In this regard, this presentation points to the importance, possibilities and additional ideas for a more complex research of this approach in order to see the contribution of the application of “Hands-on” experiments first of all to the acquisition of integrated knowledge, and then to the development of the necessary skills and abilities that the STEAM approach encourages.
PREHISTORIC AND MODERN ART: INTEGRATION BETWEEN ANIMATION AND ANIMISM OF THE ARCHIPELAGO'S VISUAL HERITAGE
Authors: Afgana Musa Pedro
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the integration of prehistoric art elements into modern Indonesian art, particularly in animation and the works of Heri Dono. The qualitative approach facilitated an in-depth exploration of symbolic and animistic aspects of art and their reinterpretation in contemporary art practices. Data collection involved three main techniques: a comprehensive literature review, semi-structured interviews, and direct observation of relevant artworks. The findings of this study reveal a deep connection between prehistoric artworks and contemporary art, with a specific focus on HeriDono's works. The analysis highlights how prehistoric motifs and concepts from Sulawesi and Kalimantan cave paintings have been reinterpreted and adapted in the context of postmodernism and animation. These findings highlight the importance of prehistory art as a foundational element for contemporary art. This study provides a new insight into the continuity of cultural practices across time and their relevance in modern art, thereby enriching discussions on cultural relevance and artistic innovation in today's art landscape.
TÜRBET-İ CÂM MUHAREBESİ’NİN SAFEVÎ HARP TARİHİ AÇISINDAN ÖNEMİ
Authors: Sarıçiçek Sertaç
Published: December 2024

Özbeklere karşı yapılan Türbet-i Câm Muharebesi, Safevî ordusunun Çaldıran Muharebesi’nde öğrendiği ateşli silahlara dayalı yeni taktik yöntemleri sahada uyguladığı ilk meydan savaşıdır. Safevî ordusu muharebede “wagenburg” düzenini ilk defa sahada uygulamış ve ateşli silahlardan elde ettiği güçle geleneksel bir orduya karşı galip gelmiştir. Bu bakımdan muharebenin Safevî harp tarihi açısından önemi yadsınamayacak düzeydedir. Safevîler savaşta rakiplerini yenilgiye uğratmış olmalarına rağmen sahada kazandıkları zaferden stratejik bir üstünlük sağlayamamışlardır. Nitekim savaştan sonra Horasan’daki Özbek tehdidini ortadan kaldırmayı uman Safevîler, Özbeklerin bölgedeki saldırılarıyla karşılaşmaya devam ettiler. Bununla beraber Özbekler savaştan sonra Safevî askeri üstünlüğünü kabul etmişler ve Safevî ordusuyla tekrardan bir meydan muharebesine girmekten kaçınmışlardır. Özbeklerin savaştan sonra rekabet tarzında değişikliğe giderek düşmanlarına karşı daha ziyade yıpratma savaşı yöntemleriyle mücadele etmeye başladıkları görülmektedir.
Bu makalede söz konusu muharebenin sebepleri, seyri ve sonuçları askeri bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmeye alınmış, bu amaçla Safevîler döneminde yazılmış birincil kaynak niteliğindeki kroniklerden olabildiğince istifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Tarihi kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler mukayeseli bir yaklaşımla ele alınarak savaşa dair her türlü konunun açıklığa kavuşturulmasına özen gösterilmiş, böylece makalenin ana amacı olan Câm Muharebesi’nin Safevî harp tarihi bakımından öneminin ortaya konulmasına gayret edilmiştir.
Millî Mücadele Dönemi'nde Denizden Verilen Lojistik Desteğin Batı Cephesi'ndeki Zaferlere Etkisi
Authors: Aytan Deniz
Published: December 2024

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nı Osmanlı Devleti için sona erdiren Mondros Mütarekesi hitamında İtilaf Devletleri antlaşmadan aldıkları yetkiyle Anadolu’nun birçok yerini işgal etmiştir. Vatanın savunması ve milletin özgürlüğü için Mustafa Kemal Paşa önderliğinde başlatılan Millî Mücadele neticesinde düşman yurttan kovulmuştur. Yaklaşık beş yıl süren ve ordu-millet dayanışmasının en iyi örneklerinden birini oluşturan Millî Mücadele süresince kara ordusunun yanı sıra denizci subay ve sivillerin gösterdiği azim ve kahramanlıklar da düşmanın yurttan çıkarılmasında büyük önem taşımaktadır. Silahlı mücadele açısından özellikle Batı Cephesi’nin lojistik desteğinin sağlanmasında deniz teşkilatı tarafından Karadeniz’de yapılan nakliyat belirleyici rol oynamıştır.
Karadeniz’deki lojistik faaliyetlere destek vermek amacıyla denizci subaylar tarafından Ankara’da Millî Müdafaa Vekâleti (Millî Savunma Bakanlığı) teşkilatı içerisinde Umur-u Bahriye Müdürlüğü teşkil edilmiştir. Müdürlük tarafından emrindeki sahil teşkilatı, az sayıdaki gemi ve sivil gemiciler ile İstanbul, Trabzon ve Batum’dan taşınan yaklaşık 300.000 ton malzeme Batı Cephesi’ne ulaştırılmıştır.
Bu makalede; Millî Mücadele’nin kazanılmasında Batı Cephesi’ne denizden sağlanan lojistik desteğin etkisi; arşiv belgeleri, Genelkurmay Başkanlığının Türk İstiklâl Harbi serisinde yer alan çalışmalar ve literatürdeki çeşitli araştırmalar ile döneme tanıklık etmiş asker ve sivil kişilerin anılarından istifade edilerek açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel, nicel ve karşılaştırmalı yöntem kullanılarak kaynaklar analiz edilmiştir.
TRAUMATIC PAST AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORY: WHAT SHOULD BE AND SHOULD NOT BE THE ARMENIAN APPROACH?
Authors: Atanesyan Arthur
Published: December 2024

Armenia has a history marked by traumatic and harrowing events. In the 20th century, it endured the Armenian Genocide, recognized as the first genocide of such magnitude committed against an ethnic group by a state government with the intention of erasing all existence and memory of it from the land where the Armenian people originated. A nation that has endured genocide must learn lessons to prevent such atrocities from happening again. Failure to draw the right conclusions and implement appropriate policies in a timely manner can result in similar threats reemerging. Every nation must remember its traumatic events in a manner that enables and encourages necessary policies and actions. If similar risks and threats reappear, it may indicate that the nation has either failed to remember its traumatic past in a way that serves it instrumentally and pragmatically or has not remembered it at all. Have Armenians adequately remembered their Genocide? If so, why is there a resurgence of the risk of another genocide affecting the Armenian population, not only in Karabakh but also in Armenia, in modern times? Do Armenians need to reconsider their politics of memory in this context, and if so, are they doing it correctly? This paper critically addresses these questions, accompanied by a brief conceptual exploration and case studies.
EXPLORING SOCIAL PROTEST POTENTIAL IN MODERN ARMENIAN SOCIETY: INSTITUTIONAL TRUST AND SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Harutyunyan Gayane
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the potential of protests in contemporary Armenian society. Considering the global rise of social protests evolving into significant social movements worldwide and the ongoing movements in Armenia, it is crucial to investigate the protest potential within modern Armenian society.
The article is based on secondary data analyses gathered using representative sampling for Armenia and implementing face-to-face interviews conducted by the Caucasus Research Resource Center Armenia (CRRC). The article aims to understand the potential of protests and the factors influencing individuals' inclination toward protest activities.
One of the article's main findings is that more than half of the respondents show a propensity for engaging in protest actions. Additionally, several key variables emerge as significant factors influencing this inclination. Among them are sex, education, and marital status play pivotal roles in the decision-making process regarding participation in anti-government protests. Furthermore, place of residence appears to be a determinant, with urban dwellers exhibiting a greater predisposition toward participation in anti-government protests compared to their rural counterparts. There are several reasons why rural inhabitants tend to participate less in protests. Geographical distance, and cultural peculiarities, such as differing social values and community dynamics, may lead to less participation. Additionally, distrust toward main state institutions contributes to the perception that individuals should participate in anti-government protests. Moreover, the study demonstrates that citizens' perceptions of state unfairness and institutional disregard are more significant drivers of potential protest activity than economic conditions.
FEATURES OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN IN REVERSE ENGINEERING OF SWITCHING DEVICES
Authors: Ivanov Ivan P. , Mikhailov Alexey V. , Moiseev Sergey A.
Published: December 2024

Industrial design is widely used to create industrial products intended mainly for direct human use. At the same time, depending on the class (type, group) of the product, different approaches to artistic design are possible.

The purpose of the study is to identify and describe the most characteristic features of industrial design in reverse engineering of high-current switching devices.

Materials and methods. When describing the aesthetic parameters of the shape, an elemental analysis of the samples was used. The artistic design of the front panel is generalized by the provisions of technical aesthetics and standards. When protecting exclusive rights, an analysis of requirements and recommendations for obtaining legal protection as an industrial design was used.

Research results. The evaluation of the shape during the reverse engineering of switching devices was performed, which practically repeats the proto-type shape, which is a combination of classical bodies in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped and a cylinder. This form organically combines the utilitarian and aesthetic qualities of the device and is characterized by both internal and external beauty. For visual perception of the design of switching devices, photographs of the general appearance and front panel of modular contactors from different manufacturers (ABB, Schneider Electric, Siemens, VNIIR-Progress) are used as an example. All devices have a single shaping style characteristic of this type of device, and differ mainly in the corporate style of the artistic design of the front panel. The features of the aesthetic indicators of the front panel (a graphic image of the company’s logo or trademark, a combination of color solutions and the configuration of the placement of elements) are visually reflected on the 3D model of the device and are given in the verbal description of this model, which together reveal the essential features of the solution of the appearance protected as an industrial design.

Conclusions. In reverse engineering, the shape of the switching devices is taken as the shape of a prototype presenting the type representative of the device of a leading electrical engineering company, and the main task of the design is reduced to the artistic design of the front panel. One of the forms of protection of the exclusive rights of the results of such creativity is to obtain legal protection as an industrial design, where the novelty and originality of essential features are determined by the corporate style of appearance.
WAVE INTERPRETATION AND NEURAL NET MONITORING OF NOISE IN VOLTAGE SIGNALS ON POWER LINES
Authors: Alyunov Dmitry Yu. , Nikandrov Maxim V. , Slavutskiy Aleksandr L.
Published: December 2024

Noise in voltage signals on power lines is determined by many factors. Therefore, at the standard sampling rate of signals in measuring instruments, it is considered, most often, to be Gaussian. At a high sampling rate, the noise is modulated, its distribution differs from the normal one. The analysis and control of its structure is of interest, for example, for damage diagnostics and determining the damage location.

The purpose of the study is to show the possibility of neural network control of heterogeneous noise in voltage signals on power lines.

Methods. Based on the wave analysis of signals in power lines, a noise model in industrial frequency voltage signals is described, which allows interpreting its modulation as a result of random spatial fluctuations in wave velocity. The control of noise heterogeneity over the harmonic signal period is carried out on the basis of a recurrent ANN in a sliding time window, the duration of which does not exceed 2 ms.

Results. The noise model in power line voltage signals is proposed as a result of wave reflection from the wave velocity spatial inhomogeneities in the line. In the Born’s scattering approximation, noise is described by the simplest analytical formulas with random parameters. A neural network algorithm based on LSTM cells was tested on model signals recordings, which is used in a sliding time window and allows one to control the noise variance in units of percent of the industrial frequency signal amplitude. Estimates of the neural network algorithm accuracy are given.

Conclusions. A comparison of the noise structure obtained using the proposed model with experimental signals recordings confirms the adequacy of the model at a qualitative level. The proposed neural network monitoring algorithm has high accuracy. The approach can be used to monitor the present state of power lines.
CONSTRUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS NESTED PIECEWISE LINEAR REGRESSION WITH LAGGING VARIABLES
Authors: Noskov Sergeу I. , Chekalova Aleksandra R.
Published: December 2024

When constructing regression models of objects of any nature, it is often necessary to use nonlinear approximating constructions, including piecewise linear ones, while the process under study can have a pronounced dynamic nature, therefore, lagging (lag) variables can be used as regressors.

The research purpose is to develop an algorithmic method of identifying the parameters of a homogeneous nested piecewise linear regression with lagging variables.

Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the methods of reducing the problems of estimating the parameters of nested piecewise linear models to linear Boolean programming problems proposed earlier by one of the authors were used. The least absolute values ​​method, known in regression analysis, was also applied. The volume of oil production in the Russian Federation was adopted as the modeling object using statistical initial data in 2013–2022.

Research results. An algorithmic method of constructing a homogeneous nested piecewise linear regression with lagging variables has been developed, which is reduced to solving a linear Boolean programming problem. It has been applied to construct a model of the possible volume of oil production in the Russian Federation. In this case, data on the volume of capital investments of Russian vertically integrated oil companies and on the commissioning of new wells have been used as independent variables.

Conclusions. The developed method of constructing a homogeneous nested piecewise linear regression with lagging variables using the least absolute values ​​method is reduced to a linear Boolean programming problem. Such models allow us to identify limiting values ​​of dependent variables, taking into account possible delays in influence at external and internal levels.
Demographic Aspects of Sustainable Development of a Territory with a Special Economic Status on the Example of the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Evseev Artem S. , Vasileva Inessa A. , Sokolova Galina N.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study is related to the need to assess the impact of environmental factors on the prospects for sustainable development of territories with a special economic status. Demographic status and development are important factors influencing the sustainable development of territories. The purpose of the study is to assess demographic trends affecting the sustainable development of a territory with a special economic status on the example of the Chuvash Republic. Materials and methods. Methods of statistical and comparative data analysis were used in the research process. The sources of information were data from the Federal State Statistics Service. Research results. Based on Rosstat data, the analysis of the demographic situation in the Chuvash Republic in 2014–2023 was carried out. The population of the Chuvash Republic was revealed to tend to decrease: over the past 10 years, the population decreased by 63.4 thousand people. In the general population structure, the rural population is declining at a higher rate than the urban population. Over the past 10 years, the birth rate has been declining. If in 2014 there were 14 births per 1,000 people, then in 2023 this number was only 8.1. Despite the fact that the death rate of the population of the Chuvash Republic has tended to decrease over the past 10 years, it is still higher than the birth rate. As a result, the birth rate in Chuvashia cannot ensure the reproduction of the population. The cost structure, as an indicator reflecting the purchasing power of the population, indicates an increase in the share of food expenditures. This confirms the decrease in the purchasing power of the population, which negatively affects the birth rate in the Chuvash Republic. The presented data indicate a migration outflow of the population. The demographic situation in the municipalities of Chuvashia is different, and when choosing demographic policy instruments, it is necessary to take this into account and specify it at the level of individual municipalities of the Chuvash Republic. Conclusions. Current demographic situation is largely influenced by economic factors. The main problems of sustainable development of the Chuvash Republic, as a territory with a special economic status, are the outflow of population from rural areas, a decrease in the purchasing power of the population, as well as migration outflow of the population. The results of the study can be used by the authorities in the development of programs and national projects aimed at solving demographic problems.
DESERTION AND THE FIGHT AGAINST IT IN THE TERRITORY OF THE MARI TERRITORY IN 1919–1920 (based on the materials of the State Archive of the Republic of Mari El)
Authors: Groznov Evgeny A. , Starikov Sergei V.
Published: December 2024

Desertion, as an element of the Russian army’s disintegration at the beginning of the 20th century, was finally formed during the First World War. Lack of motivation, depressed morale and abandoned battlefield positions became the main reasons for Russia’s military and political failures at the final stage of the war. That is why, in the conditions of the Civil War outbreak in Russia, an important task for the new Soviet government was to strengthen discipline and revive the combat capability of the army. The fight against desertion was the key to preserve and establish the Soviet power on the ground, including in the Mari Territory.

The purpose of the study is to study desertion as a phenomenon of the Civil War period in Russia in 1919–1920 in the Mari Territory, as well as to identify the main forms and methods of combating it.

Materials and methods. The research used general scientific and special historical methods and approaches. When working with archival materials on the topic of desertion in the Mari Territory, a collection of documents that had not previously appeared in scientific circulation was formed.

Research results. The authority responsible for the search and capture of deserters was the Central Commission for Combating Desertion. The Mari Territory in this matter fell under the jurisdiction of governorate commissions for combating desertion, located in the cities of Kazan and Vyatka. To carry out local tasks in each uyezd of the Mari Territory its own commission for combating desertion was formed under the uyezd military commissariat. They actively cooperated and carried out joint work with both the military commissariat and the uyezd commission for combating counterrevolution. Village councils were also supposed to provide active assistance.The Soviet government toughened penalties for desertion, but also used soft methods to combat this phenomenon.

The study conclusions. During the Russian Civil War, six forms of combating desertion operated in the Mari Territory, all of them functioned together and formed a single integrated system to eradicate and prevent this kind of crime.
ELECTIONS TO THE STATE COUNCIL OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC OF THE FIRST CONVOCATION IN THE MIRROR OF THE PRESS (based on the materials of the newspaper «Sovetskaya Chuvashiya»)
Authors: Krysin Dmitry A.
Published: December 2024

The process of transformation and formation of legislative bodies in modern times has not yet been sufficiently studied in Russian historical science. The study of the formation of the parliament of the Chuvash Republic will demonstrate the attitude of the population to the elections and to candidates for deputies. The article is devoted to the history of the formation of the State Council of the Chuvash Republic of the first convocation. The focus is on the election campaign of 1994 and its reflection on the pages of the newspaper «Sovetskaya Chuvashia».

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the newspaper «Sovetskaya Chuvashia» during the election period of the State Council of the Chuvash Republic in 1994.

Materials and methods. The materials for the study were the publications of the republican Russian-language socio-political publication – the newspaper «Sovetskaya Chuvashia» – about the preparation for the elections to the State Council of the Chuvash Republic of the first convocation and the election process itself. In the course of the study, the methods of collecting historical information, historicism, and objectivity were used.

Study results. In the course of the study, the analysis of the materials of the newspaper «Sovetskaya Chuvashia» for 1994, dedicated to the elections to the State Council of the Chuvash Republic, was carried out. About 10% of the newspaper’s publications were official documents of the Central Election Commission of the Chuvash Republic. Official orders, job announcements of people’s deputies who had already entered the parliament, letters from readers-voters were also published, which made it possible to determine the full list of registered candidates and elected deputies, their average portrait, as well as the attitude of the population to the elections and the process of forming the legislative body of the Chuvash Republic.

Conclusions. Based on the generalization of the data and a comprehensive analysis of the data presented in the work, it is possible to conclude that the sources are informative and informative, significantly supplementing the characteristics of the political situation in the Chuvash Republic during this period.
Immunomodulation by Ayurveda: A New Frontier in Modern Health Care
Authors: Archit Kumar  , Brahm Dutt Sharma  , Nisha Ojha
Published: December 2024

Immunomodulation is described as regulation and modulation of immunity that might be achieved by reducing or enhancing the immune response depending on the intended result. Since immunomodulation can be used to treat a variety of illnesses, including cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Not only does Ayurveda contain the fundamental idea of immunomodulation, but Ayurvedic specialists have been using it for centuries. Methods: The completion of this study involved consolidating information from classical Ayurvedic texts, academic research papers, guidelines, as well as searching databases such as PubMed and MedLine. Results and Discussion: Immunomodulation through Ayurveda single drugs heralds a novel and holistic approach to enhancing child health. Ayurveda, with its rich heritage of natural remedies, offers a treasure trove of single herbal drugs known for their immunomodulatory properties. Conclusion: Many of herbs have been traditionally used to bolster immunity and maintain healthy balance. Utilizing these single drugs in general care can potentially enhance the immune response in all, promoting resilience against infections and diseases. Unlike conventional pharmaceuticals, Ayurveda's natural approach aims to harmonize the body's internal environment, supporting the immune system without adverse side effects.
Antidiabetic Properties of Chandraprabha Vati
Authors: Sakshi Bhardwaj  , Shailza Bhatnagar  , Kalpana Yadav  , Pankaj Yogi  , Pooja Yadav  , Deepak Jangidh  , Ambika
Published: December 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and symptoms like polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. It arises from insufficient insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. Ayurveda mentions this disease as Prameha. Chandraprabha vati is an effective formulation widely used in its management. It is an Ayurvedic formulation available in classical Vati form. The indications of Chandraprabha vati include Prameha and its complications like Vibandha (constipation), Anaha (distension of abdomen due to obstruction to passage of urine and stools), Kustha (diseases of skin), Netra roga (eye disorder) etc. It contains 37 herbomineral ingredients which exhibit various actions. The Rasayana, Vrishya, Shothhara, Deepana paachana and Vatanulomana karma are present in this formulation which makes it a drug of choice in chronic cases of Prameha as add on therapy to regular treatment. All the ingredients possess anti-diabetic activity. The article discusses about its role in the management of Prameha in detail.
Management of Herpes Zoster in Ayurveda Through Jalaukavcharan along with other Ayurvedic Medicines
Authors: Anita Sharma  , Sapna Singh  , Dinesh Kumar Kumawat  , Tejasvi Sharma
Published: December 2024

Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus responsible for chickenpox. After a person has had chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in the nervous system. Later in life, usually when the immune system is weakened due to age, stress or other factors, the virus can reactivate and cause shingles. The main symptom of shingles is painful rash that usually appears unilaterally as a band or strip of blisters. Other symptoms may include fever, headache, fatigue and sensitivity to light. Although shingles is contagious, it cannot be transmitted through casual contact. The virus can only be transmitted through direct contact with the fluid from the blisters of an infected person. In Ayurveda Herpes zoster can be correlated with Raktpradoshaj Vikar, Kaksha, Pittaj Kshudra Rog (a Pitta predominant disease.). Clinical Findings: Here we discuss the case of a 55years old female patient came to OPD of NIA Jaipur, with symptoms of unilateral onset of blisters on the left thigh spreading to anteroposterior surface, after three days of onset of blisters, along with burning pain, itching, sleeplessness and difficulty in lying from left side. Diagnosis: According to Ayurveda, the patient was diagnosed with Kaksha, a Pittaj Kshudra Rog. Intervention: Treatment was planned on the basic principles of Pittaj Visarp, Raktmokshan with Jalauka and Ayuvedic medicines for internal use. Outcome: Relief in pain and burning sensation was observed after first sitting of Jalauka and after 28 days of Jalaukavacharan along with Ayurvedic internal medicines gave complete relief from blister formation, pain and normal skin complexion appeared. Conclusion: Application of Jalauka reduces post herpetic neuralgia and recurrence of herpes infection.
Hourglass Contractions Complicating Bipartite Placental Delivery
Authors: Pooja Dadhich  , Swati Malsariya  , B. Pushpalatha  , K. Bharathi
Published: December 2024

Bipartite retained placenta, a rare complication where the placenta remains partially attached due to abnormal separation, can pose significant risks to maternal health. Hourglass contraction, characterized by a specific uterine contraction pattern, has been suggested as a potential underlying cause. Objective: This case study aims to highlight the role of hourglass contraction in the occurrence of bipartite retained placenta, examining its presentation, management, and outcomes. Methods: A detailed case study of a patient who experienced bipartite retained placenta after a vaginal delivery at term. The patient’s clinical history, labor details, and intraoperative findings were reviewed. Hourglass contraction was observed during labor, resulting in a partial separation of the placenta. Results: She had bipartite placenta which has been removed digitally under general anaesthesia. The mother and baby recovered by appropriate treatment and care with no long-term complications reported. Conclusion: This case study underscores hourglass contraction as a contributory factor in bipartite retained placenta. Recognizing this contraction pattern can enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform targeted management strategies. Future studies are recommended to explore the frequency of hourglass contractions in retained placenta cases and develop preventive measures.
Role of Ayurveda Month Wise Treatment for Garbha Chalana w.s.r to Prevent Hemorrhage in Pregnancy
Authors: Bhavna Khandagre  , Sucheta Ray  , Priyanka Hajare  , Ekta Singh Parihar
Published: December 2024

Motherhood is beautiful reflection. It indeed encompasses a deep sense of creation, not just in the physical sense, but in nurturing life, fostering growth, and shaping futures. Abortion incidence in India it is estimated that 15.6 million abortions take place per year. Abortion either medical or criminal has distinctive physical, social, and psychological side effects. Ayurveda emphasizes the Physicians' obligations during pregnancy, from conception to postpartum care Centrality of topic: Garbha "Chalana" means "to move" or "displacement," and it also means "to indicate fetus." According to Ayurveda, Garbha Chalana is a situation in which the fetus shifts from its normal position. Ayurvedic texts recommend treating this disease on a monthly basis. This indicates that the fetus is unstable, irregularly lodged in the womb, and exhibiting quivering or other aberrant motions might occur every month. Acharya Harita mentions Garbha Chalana Chikitsa. However, the classics also describe month-by-month treatment for this condition, suggesting that it is probably a Prasramsamana Garbha condition, which means that the fetus starts to descend slightly for expulsion, and that there is pain and burning in the back and flanks, as well as excessive bleeding, abdominal distension, and urine retention. The purpose of monthly Garbha Chalana treatments and various formulations is to stabilize the fetus from the overall treatment approach is aimed at conserving energy, ensuring proper nourishment and promoting the healthy despite the complications the focus is on creating a conductive environment within the body for the fetus to thrive through up to 8th month and beyond.
Integrating Ayurveda in Chronic Kidney Disease Management
Authors: Acharya Manish Ji  , Gitika Chaudhary  , Manjeet Singh  , Richa
Published: December 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasingly common, affecting diverse age groups, including young adults. Conventional treatments like dialysis and renal transplantation are often prohibitively expensive in India, reducing access and quality of life for many patients who are ineligible for these treatments. This highlights the need for alternative therapies that support better health and manage CKD's progression. CKD involves irreversible kidney damage, frequently driven by hypertension and type 2 diabetes, both of which progress quietly until symptoms like pedal edema, appetite loss, nausea, urination issues, frothy urine, and fatigue arise. Diagnostic measures for CKD include kidney function tests, showing elevated serum urea and creatinine, and DTPA renal scans, which provide detailed insights into renal function and disease progression. Ayurvedic interventions, such as Trivrit Avleha, Chander Vati, Asthipurak Vati, Sanjeevani Vati, and Sarvatobhadra Ras, have shown promise in enhancing renal health, with improvements in DTPA scan results observed before and after treatment. A case report involving a 63-year-old male patient with CKD and new-onset hypertension illustrates this: after three months of Ayurvedic treatment at Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Derabassi, the patient experienced relief from constipation, calf pain, bilateral flank pain, and flank swelling. This case demonstrates the potential of Ayurvedic therapies in CKD management, providing a holistic approach that can improve patient outcomes and alleviate CKD symptoms effectively.
Pharmacogenomics in psychiatry: Practice recommendations from an Asian perspective (2024)
Authors: Goh Shih Ee , Jamuar Saumya Shekhar , Chua Siew Eng , Yeo Derrick Chen Kuan , Goh Jerome Hern Yee , Chin Chee Hon , Karuvetil Mohamed Zakir , Lee Ee Lian , Fung Daniel Shuen Sheng , Tan Giles Ming Yee
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Pharmacogenomic testing in psychiatry is an emerging area with potential clinical application of guiding medication choice and dosing. Interest has been fanned by commercial pharmacogenomic providers who have commonly marketed combinatorial panels that are direct-to-consumer. However, this has not been adopted widely due to a combination of barriers that include a varying evidence base, clinician and patient familiarity and acceptance, uncertainty about cost-effectiveness, and regulatory requirements. This review aims to examine recent updates in this field and provide a contextualised summary and recommendations for Asian populations in order to guide healthcare professionals in psychiatric practice.

Method: A review of recent literature about current evidence and guidelines surrounding pharmacogenomics in psychiatric practice was carried out with particular attention paid to literature evaluating Asian populations. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Evidence to Decision framework was applied. Consensus meetings comprising workgroup psychiatrists from the public and private sectors were held prior to arriving at the key recommendations.

Results: Pharmacogenomic testing should be mainly limited to drug-gene pairs with established clinical evidence, such as antidepressants and CYP2C19/CYP2D6. Direct-to-consumer pharmacogenomic panels that assay multiple genes and analyse them via proprietary algorithms, are not presently recommended in Singapore’s psychiatric setting due to inconclusive evidence on clinical outcomes.

Conclusion: Pharmacogenomic testing in psychiatry is not recommended as standard clinical practice. Exceptions may include concerns about drug concentrations or potential severe adverse drug reactions. Studies investigating newly identified drug-gene associations, and clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of utilising pharmacogenomic testing in psychiatry is encouraged.
The promise and challenges of pharmacogenomics in psychiatry
Authors: Lo Elaine Ah Gi , Wan Yi Min , Ho Cyrus Su Hui
Published: December 2024

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is an expanding field within precision medicine that is poised to play a crucial role in optimising patient outcomes, particularly in the realm of psychiatry. The remission rate for the initial antidepressant prescribed in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial was only approximately 30%, underscoring the need for more personalised approaches to prescribing.1 For psychiatric patients who may show resistance towards pharmacotherapy, PGx offers promise in reducing adverse effects and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Personalised pharmacotherapy provides reassurance and potentially mitigates the nocebo effects and somatic symptom exacerbation that are prevalent among these patients.
Differences in Short-term Memory Before and After Exposure to Dangdut Music and Classical Music
Authors: Angela Patricia , Firdaus Jauhar , Parti Dita Diana
Published: December 2024

The quality of education in Indonesia is still relatively low when compared with other countries. To improve student achievement, stimulation can be provided to improve learning abilities and memory abilities. The learning and memory process will be optimal if a person is in an alpha brain wave state (8 to 12 Hz). Music that has a tempo of around 60 beats per minute, such as classical music, has the ability to stimulate alpha brain waves. Dangdut music is more familiar to Indonesian people and there is dangdut music which can change alpha brain waves to be more dominant. This type of research is a pre-experimental design with a crossover design. This research aims to see the differences between dangdut and classical music in improving short-term memory. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 30 people. Short-term memory measurements were carried out before and after receiving music exposure for 30 minutes. Measurements were carried out using the digit span test method. The result was that there was a significant increase in short-term memory after exposure to dangdut and classical music. The conclusion of this research is that dangdut music and classical music both have an impact on improving short-term memory abilities equally well.