bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of neural stem cell transplantation on cognitive functions of mice after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Tsupykov O. , Kyryk V. , Rybachuk O. , Poberezhnyi P. , Mamchur A. , Butenko G. , Pivneva T. , Skibo G.
Published: November 2016

This study is aimed to determine the effect of transplantation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) isolated from fetal hippocampus on cognitive functions of experimental animals after short-term global cerebral ischemia. NPCs were isolated from hippocampus of FVB-Cg-Tg(GFPU)5Nagy/J mice, transgenic by the GFP. Ischemic brain injury in FVB “wild” type mice was modeled by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 20 min. GFP-positive NPCs were stereotaxically transplanted into the hippocampus of experimental animals in 24 hours after ischemia-reperfusion. Cognitive functions were evaluated using Morris water maze. Results of this study showed that global short-term cerebral ischemia resulted into cognitive impairments in mice. Stereotaxic transplantation of NPCs promoted the cognitive function recovery in experimental animals after ischemic brain injury. Thus, the data indicates that transplantation of NPCs may have a therapeutic effect in treating of ischemic stroke.
Phenotypic heterogenecity of hematopoietic progenitor cells from placental tissue: comarative analysis with umbilical cord blood and fetal liver
Authors: Kuchma M. , Shablii V. , Kyryk V. , Onishchenko A. , Shablii Yu. , Lukash L. , Lobintseva G.
Published: November 2016

The study of placental hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and comparison of their properties with other fetal and adult HPCs is necessary for assessing of their possible clinical application. It has been shown that HPCs from placenta are heterogeneous by phenotype: placental tissue contains three populations with different level of CD34 expression such as CD34+++CD45low/-, CD34++CD45low/- and CD34+/lowCD45low/-. Similar to fetal liver placenta contains both, population of CD34++CD45low/- and CD34+CD45low/-cells, suggesting hematopoiesis in placental tissue. CD34++CD45low/- population also expressed CD133, almost negative for lineage markers, and had lymphocyte-like morphology conforming the presence of primitive HPCs in this population. Additionally, we found later progenitors with phenotype CD34+/lowCD45+ in placental tissueas the majority of these cells expressed hematopoietic lineage markers. Population with phenotype CD34+++CD45low was observed in the placenta that may evidence for their generation in the placental tissue or migration from the other sites of hematopoiesis and changing phenotype under placental microenvironment.
Cryopreserved autologous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of experimental tendopathy
Authors: Volkovа N. , Yukhta M. , Вlonskiy R. , Kostrub A. , Goltsev A.
Published: November 2016

To date, stem cells application is one of the promising methods to treat pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.Material and methods. On the model of Achilles tendon degenerative injuries in rats (n = 60) we studied the effectiveness of local and systemic administration of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs). We analyzed the morphology of the tissue, collagen type I content and the presence of labeled РКН-26 cells. Also the biomechanical study was performed on the 7th, 21st and 45th day after transplantation.Results. It was shown that MMSCs contribute to the activation of regenerative processes in damaged tendons that was manifested in the recovery of histological structure, strength and type I collagen content. Local method of cell administration resulted in more pronounced tendon recovery as compared to systemic method. Using РКН-26 we confirmed the presence of injected cells in damaged area within 21 days.Conclusion. The results of the study can be used for argumentation and development of methods for the treatment of degenerative and dystrophic tendon damages in clinical practice.
Synthetic method to investigate self-loosening of suspension fasteners considering nonlinear tire characteristics at the adhesion limit
Authors: Kaatz Marcus , Meywerk Martin , Spittler Sven
Published: November 2016

A synthetic test method is described which is capable of investigating various suspension fasteners on a dynamic half-axle test rig. This test method is advantageous compared to an expensive and time-consuming driving cycle. In advance vehicle specific measured values that serve as input parameters for the test rig experiments are required. This study shows how the adhesion limit influences the interdependencies between vertical load, side slip angle and longitudinal slip. By means of multibody systems and in consideration of the determined nonlinear tire characteristics, this method can be applied to investigate suspension fasteners of vehicles without expensive and time-consuming test drives. Validation results of different vehicles are given which demonstrate that the method is appropriate to a wide range of vehicles.
Processing and characterization of graphene nano-platelet (GNP) reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Authors: Akçamlı Nazlı , Gökçe Hasan , Uzunsoy Deniz
Published: November 2016

Aluminum matrix composites containing graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) as reinforcement additive were fabricated by a two-step process consisting of mechanical alloying and pressureless sintering. The effects of graphene nano-platelets amounts and mechanical alloying duration on the microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum were investigated. The characterization studies were performed by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometry, particle size analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Archimedes' density and microhardness test method. The microhardness of composites increased gradually by the addition of 0.5 and 1 wt.-% GNP, whereas an adverse effect was observed by the increment of the GNP amount to 2 wt.-%.
Influence of welding parameters on the fracture of PE300 polyethylene friction stir spot welds
Authors: Çevik Bekir
Published: November 2016

In this study, polyethylene specimens were welded by using friction stir spot welding (FSSW) technique. Welding process was carried out by a rotation of 460 and 900 rpm. Under constant friction force, five different dwell times (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 s), four different delay times (15, 30, 45 and 60 s) and three different pin profiles (M6 × 1, M6 × 1.25 and M6 × 1.5) were used. During the welding process, temperature measurements under the welding cenetrs were performed using a four multichannel K type digital thermometer. Tensile shear tests were used to characterize the samples. Tensile performance of the samples was significantly affected by the welding parameters.
Improving the visibility of phase gratings for Talbot-Lau X-ray imaging
Authors: Shashev Yury , Kupsch Andreas , Lange Axel , Müller Bernd R. , Bruno Giovanni
Published: November 2016

Talbot-Lau interferometry provides X-ray imaging techniques with significant enhancement of the radiographic contrast of weakly absorbing objects. The grating based technique allows separation of absorption, refraction and small angle scattering effects. The different efficiency of rectangular and triangular shaped phase gratings at varying detector distances is investigated. The interference patterns (Talbot carpets) are modeled for parallel monochromatic radiation and measured by synchrotron radiation. In comparison to rectangular shapes of phase gratings much higher visibility is obtained for triangular shapes which yield enhanced contrast of a glass capillary test specimen.
Vergleich von zerstörungsfreien und zerstörenden Prüfungen dünner Strukturklebungen in der Umformtechnik
Authors: Hofmann Dennis , Rahammer Markus , Liewald Mathias , Heckel Thomas , Huppmann Michael
Published: November 2016

Kurzfassung

Der vorliegende Fachartikel stellt die wichtigsten zerstörungsfreien Prüfmethoden zur Qualitätssicherung von dünnen Strukturklebungen vor. Auf diese Weise wird ersichtlich, welche Methoden neben der zerstörenden Prüfung von dünnen Strukturklebungen eingesetzt werden können, um einen Haftfestigkeitsverlust zu detektieren. Steigende Leichtbau- und Dämpfungsanforderungen an großflächige Blechbauteile sorgen trotz erhöhter Kosten für einen zunehmenden Einsatz von modernen hybriden Schichtverbundwerkstoffen in zahlreichen Konstruktionsanwendungen. In der Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie gehören solche Werkstoffe seit geraumer Zeit zum aktuellen Stand der Technik, wohingegen diese Werkstoffkonzepte in der mobilen Großserie derzeit nur selten zum Einsatz kommen. Neben dem Materialversagen der einzelnen Schichten von Schichtverbundwerkstoffen spielt das interlaminare Versagen der Schichten untereinander eine entscheidende Rolle. In der Umformtechnik ist es möglich, dass die polymere Zwischenschicht und das Deckblech nach der Umformung noch in Kontakt stehen, obwohl die Scherfestigkeit bereits überschritten wurde. Dieser Kraftschluss der beiden Fügepartner resultiert aus den schwachen Van-der-Waals-Kräften, die eine eindeutige Detektion mit Hilfe von zerstörungsfreier Prüfung erschweren. Die vorliegende Publikation soll die Eignung diverser zerstörungsfreier Prüfverfahren auf die Detektion von sogenannten „kissing bonds“ (schwaches Anhaften der Schichten nach Versagen der Verbindung) überprüfen.
Fracture behavior of an empty hole using the digital laser dynamic caustic method under directional controlled blasting
Authors: Guo Dongming , Liu Kang , Lu Hui , Yang Renshu , Wang Chunlai , Wang Yanbing
Published: November 2016

A systematic approach for using a new digital laser dynamic caustic (DLDC) method to provide useful insights for blasting crack propagation is illustrated. Under blast loading conditions, the dynamic behavior of blasting crack propagation and stress distribution around the empty hole between two boreholes were investigated. The results show that the crack tips were gradually deflected towards the empty hole. Then, it was eventually perforated under the guiding role of empty holes. By the interaction between the blast stress waves and the empty hole, the reflected tensile waves were generated. Moreover, these waves changed the stress field and reduced the velocity of the crack tip with a greater diameter for the empty hole. It was also found that the size of the empty holes had a slight influence on the direction of the principal stress. The larger the size of the empty hole was, the smaller was the speed of the crack propagation. In general, the crack propagation velocity of the circular empty hole was the highest, followed by that of the square hole and the notched circular hole. As the blast crack extended to the vicinity of the empty hole, the stress intensity factor of the crack tip started to show an upward trend again.
Effect of ZrSiO4 on the corrosion behavior of MgO-FeAl2O4 composite refractory materials
Authors: Bahtli Tuba , Aksel Cemail , Kavas Taner
Published: November 2016

In this study, the corrosion behavior of refractory materials that were produced by incorporating ZrSiO4 (zircon) at different ratios into MgO-FeAl2O4 (hercynite) were investigated. The values of density and open porosity of those samples were also measured, and the corrosion behaviors of those materials produced were examined. After performing corrosion tests, the corrosion resistance of composite refractory materials were determined by measuring the penetration distances and spreading areas. The incorporation of ZrSiO4 into MgO-FeAl2O4 generally decreased the porosity of composite refractory materials, and consequently reduced the penetration distances and spreading area values of the corroded regions of refractories as well. In addition, the formation of new phases and the microstructural changes which occurred were determined by XRD measurements and SEM analyses. On the basis of microstructural characterization carried out in the interface of clinker-refractory, the following observations had been determined: i) Ca2+ and Zr4+ elements forming CaZrO3 were located together in the same regions, ii) forsterite phase was formed due to the reaction between SiO2, which is released after dissociation of zircon as ZrO2 and SiO2 during sintering, and MgO, iii) the formation of new CaZrO3 and forsterite (Mg2SiO4) phases made a barrier effect against clinker, and iv) the amount of CaO decreased based on the EDX analysis made from clinker to refractory in a corroded region. The penetration of clinker to refractory showed a minimum level for the composition of MgO-5 wt.-% FeAl2O4-5 wt.-% ZrSiO4 and an improvement by about 38 % as compared to MgO-5 wt.-% FeAl2O4. This improvement is associated with a long service life of MgO-FeAl2O4-ZrSiO4 refractories for industrial applications.
Qualitätssicherung von Fahrzeug-rädern aus Leichtmetallguss
Authors: Grubisic Vatroslav
Published: November 2016

Kurzfassung

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Überprüfung der Dichtheit von Felgen gegossener Leichtmetallräder behandelt. Die Bedingungen für eine zuverlässige Dichtheitsprüfung und die Forderungen in den Spezifikationen und Werknormen einzelner Fahrzeughersteller werden erörtert. Die Ergebnisse der Erfassung von undichten Rädern im Betrieb in den Jahren 2011 bis 2015 eines Radherstellers wurden vorgestellt und bewertet. Abschließend wurde ein Vorschlag unterbreitet, die vorliegenden Normen einzelner Fahrzeughersteller an die Bedürfnisse der modernen, weitgehend automatisierten Dichtheitsprüfung anzupassen.
Climate-Compatible Air Transport System—Climate Impact Mitigation Potential for Actual and Future Aircraft
Authors: Dahlmann Katrin , Koch Alexander , Linke Florian , Lührs Benjamin , Grewe Volker , Otten Tom , Seider Doreen , Gollnick Volker , Schumann Ulrich
Published: November 2016

Aviation guarantees mobility, but its emissions also contribute considerably to climate change. Therefore, climate impact mitigation strategies have to be developed based on comprehensive assessments of the different impacting factors. We quantify the climate impact mitigation potential and related costs resulting from changes in aircraft operations and design using a multi-disciplinary model workflow. We first analyze the climate impact mitigation potential and cash operating cost changes of altered cruise altitudes and speeds for all flights globally operated by the Airbus A330-200 fleet in the year 2006. We find that this globally can lead to a 42% reduction in temperature response at a 10% cash operating cost increase. Based on this analysis, new design criteria are derived for future aircraft that are optimized for cruise conditions with reduced climate impact. The newly-optimized aircraft is re-assessed with the developed model workflow. We obtain additional climate mitigation potential with small to moderate cash operating cost changes due to the aircraft design changes of, e.g., a 32% and 54% temperature response reduction for a 0% and 10% cash operating cost increase. Hence, replacing the entire A330-200 fleet by this redesigned aircraft ( M a c r = 0.72 and initial cruise altitude (ICA) = 8000 m) could reduce the climate impact by 32% without an increase of cash operating cost.
Climate Change Impacts on the Hydrological Processes of a Small Agricultural Watershed
Authors: Mehan Sushant , Kannan Narayanan , Neupane Ram , McDaniel Rachel , Kumar Sandeep
Published: November 2016

Weather extremes and climate variability directly impact the hydrological cycle influencing agricultural productivity. The issues related to climate change are of prime concern for every nation as its implications are posing negative impacts on society. In this study, we used three climate change scenarios to simulate the impact on local hydrology of a small agricultural watershed. The three emission scenarios from the Special Report on Emission Scenarios, of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2007 analyzed in this study were A2 (high emission), A1B (medium emission), and B1 (low emission). A process based hydrologic model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was calibrated and validated for the Skunk Creek Watershed located in eastern South Dakota. The model performance coefficients revealed a strong correlation between simulated and observed stream flow at both monthly and daily time step. The Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency for monthly model performace was 0.87 for the calibration period and 0.76 for validation period. The future climate scenarios were built for the mid-21st century time period ranging from 2046 to 2065. The future climate data analysis showed an increase in temperatures between 2.2 °C to 3.3 °C and a decrease in precipitation from 1.8% to 4.5% expected under three different climate change scenarios. A sharp decline in stream flow (95.92%–96.32%), run-off (83.46%–87.00%), total water yield (90.67%–91.60%), soil water storage (89.99%–92.47%), and seasonal snow melt (37.64%–43.06%) are predicted to occur by the mid-21st century. In addition, an increase in evapotranspirative losses (2%–3%) is expected to occur within the watershed when compared with the baseline period. Overall, these results indicate that the watershed is highly susceptible to hydrological and agricultural drought due to limited water availability. These results are limited to the available climate projections, and future refinement in projected climatic change data, at a finer regional scale would provide greater clarity. Nevertheless, models like SWAT are excellent means to test best management practices to mitigate the projected dry conditions in small agricultural waterhseds.
Deforestation Effects on Soil Erosion in the Lake Kivu Basin, D.R. Congo-Rwanda
Authors: Karamage Fidele , Shao Hua , Chen Xi , Ndayisaba Felix , Nahayo Lamek , Kayiranga Alphonse , Omifolaji James , Liu Tong , Zhang Chi
Published: November 2016

Deforestation and natural grassland conversion to agricultural land use constitute a major threat to soil and water conservation. This study aimed at assessing the status of land cover and land use (LCLU) in the Lake Kivu basin, and its related impacts in terms of soil erosion by water using the Universal Soil Erosion Equation (USLE) model. The results indicated that the Lake Kivu basin is exposed to soil erosion risk with a mean annual rate of 30 t·ha−1, and only 33% of the total non-water area is associated with a tolerable soil loss (≤10 t·ha−1·year−1). Due to both natural factors (abundant tropical precipitation and steep slopes) and anthropogenic activities without prior appropriate conservation practices, all land-use types—namely settlement, cropland, forestland, and grassland—are exposed to a severe mean erosion rate of 41 t·ha−1·year−1, 31 t·ha−1·year−1, 28 t·ha−1·year−1, and 20 t·ha−1·year−1, respectively. The cropland that occupied 74% of the non-water area in 2015 was the major contributor (75%) to the total annual soil loss in the Lake Kivu basin. This study showed that conservation practices in the cropland cells would result in a mean erosion rate of 7 t·ha−1·year−1, 18 t·ha−1·year−1, and 35 t·ha−1·year−1 for terracing, strip-cropping, and contouring, respectively. The adoption of terracing would be the best conservation practice, among others, that could reduce soil erosion in cropland areas up to about 23%. The erosion risk minimization in forests and grasslands implies an increase in overstorey canopy and understorey vegetation, and control of human activities such as fires, mining, soil compaction from domestic animals grazing, and so on. Soil erosion control in settled areas suggests, among other things, the revegetation of construction sites, establishment of outlet channels, rainfall water harvesting systems, and pervious paving block with grass.
The Cell Killing Mechanisms of Hydroxyurea
Authors: Singh Amanpreet , Xu Yong-Jie
Published: November 2016

Hydroxyurea is a well-established inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase that has a long history of scientific interest and clinical use for the treatment of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. It is currently the staple drug for the management of sickle cell anemia and chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Due to its reversible inhibitory effect on DNA replication in various organisms, hydroxyurea is also commonly used in laboratories for cell cycle synchronization or generating replication stress. However, incubation with high concentrations or prolonged treatment with low doses of hydroxyurea can result in cell death and the DNA damage generated at arrested replication forks is generally believed to be the direct cause. Recent studies in multiple model organisms have shown that oxidative stress and several other mechanisms may contribute to the majority of the cytotoxic effect of hydroxyurea. This review aims to summarize the progress in our understanding of the cell-killing mechanisms of hydroxyurea, which may provide new insights towards the improvement of chemotherapies that employ this agent.
Bacterial Biotransformation of Pentachlorophenol and Micropollutants Formed during Its Production Process
Authors: Lopez-Echartea Eglantina , Macek Tomas , Demnerova Katerina , Uhlik Ondrej
Published: November 2016

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a toxic and persistent wood and cellulose preservative extensively used in the past decades. The production process of PCP generates polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) as micropollutants. PCDD/Fs are also known to be very persistent and dangerous for human health and ecosystem functioning. Several physico-chemical and biological technologies have been used to remove PCP and PCDD/Fs from the environment. Bacterial degradation appears to be a cost-effective way of removing these contaminants from soil while causing little impact on the environment. Several bacteria that cometabolize or use these pollutants as their sole source of carbon have been isolated and characterized. This review summarizes current knowledge on the metabolic pathways of bacterial degradation of PCP and PCDD/Fs. PCP can be successfully degraded aerobically or anaerobically by bacteria. Highly chlorinated PCDD/Fs are more likely to be reductively dechlorinated, while less chlorinated PCDD/Fs are more prone to aerobic degradation. The biochemical and genetic basis of these pollutants’ degradation is also described. There are several documented studies of effective applications of bioremediation techniques for the removal of PCP and PCDD/Fs from soil and sediments. These findings suggest that biodegradation can occur and be applied to treat these contaminants.
The Evolution of Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities during Ripening of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Tempranillo) Grown in Semiarid Region: Effects of Cluster Thinning and Water Deficit
Authors: Garrido Inmaculada , Uriarte David , Hernández Marcos , Llerena José , Valdés María , Espinosa Francisco
Published: November 2016

A study was made of how water status (rainfed vs. irrigated) and crop load (no cluster thinning vs. cluster thinning) can together affect the grapes of Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo vines growing in a semiarid zone of Extremadura (Spain). The grapes were monitored at different stages of ripening, measuring the peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant activities and the phenolic content (flavonoids and phenylpropanoids), together with other parameters. The irrigation regime was adjusted to provide 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The findings confirmed previous results that both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle. The SOD activity remained practically constant throughout ripening in the thinned treatments and was always lower than in the unthinned treatments, an aspect which could have been the cause of the observed greater level of lipid peroxidation in the water deficit, thinned treatment. The nonspecific peroxidase activity was very low, especially in the thinned treatments. The effect of thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficit, inducing increases in phenylpropanoids and, above all, flavonoids at the harvest stage of ripening, while leaving the polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) unaffected.
Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads
Authors: Del Rey Isaac , Ayuso Jesús , Galvín Adela , Jiménez José , Barbudo Auxi
Published: November 2016

Social awareness aims to increase practical skills, such as sustainable development, which seeks to increase the use of different types of waste in construction activities. Although insufficient attention is sometimes given to these actions, it is essential to spread information regarding new studies in the field of waste recycling, which encourages and promotes waste use. Reusing and recycling construction waste in the creation of buildings and infrastructure are fundamental strategies to achieving sustainability in the construction and engineering sectors. In this context, the concept of waste would no longer exist, as waste would become a material resource. Therefore, this study analyses the behaviours of two unbound mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) in the structural layers of an unpaved rural road with low traffic (category T43). The sections were built on inappropriate soil (A-7-6) with a high degree of free swelling. The experimental road consisted of three sections: the first was made with natural aggregates (NA) that were used as a control, the second was composed of MRA in the subbase and NA in the base, and the third section was completely composed of MRA. The materials were characterised in the laboratory. The behaviours of the structural layers in the experimental road were determined by controlling compaction (“in situ” density and moisture) and measuring the deflections and load capacity (deflectometer) during the 18 months after construction. The results show that the sections made with recycled aggregates meet the technical specifications required by General Technical Specifications for Road and Bridge Works (PG-3). Therefore, the water-soluble sulphate content and Los Angeles abrasion coefficient limits can be increased for recycled aggregates without compromising the quality of this type of road with low traffic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study regarding the use of unbound MRA made from construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the construction of an unpaved rural road with low traffic on an expansive clay subgrade.
Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols
Authors: Moore Jessy , Yousef Michael , Tsiani Evangelia
Published: November 2016

Cancer cells display enhanced growth rates and a resistance to apoptosis. The ability of cancer cells to evade homeostasis and proliferate uncontrollably while avoiding programmed cell death/apoptosis is acquired through mutations to key signaling molecules, which regulate pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Compounds of plant origin, including food components, have attracted scientific attention for use as agents for cancer prevention and treatment. The exploration into natural products offers great opportunity to evaluate new anticancer agents as well as understand novel and potentially relevant mechanisms of action. Rosemary extract has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Rosemary extract contains many polyphenols with carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid found in highest concentrations. The present review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the anticancer effects of rosemary extract and the rosemary extract polyphenols carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, and their effects on key signaling molecules.
Preface: The Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) Mission: Preparing for Its Scientific Exploitation
Authors: Foerster Saskia , Carrère Véronique , Rast Michael , Staenz Karl
Published: November 2016

The imaging spectroscopy mission EnMAP aims to assess the state and evolution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, examine the multifaceted impacts of human activities, and support a sustainable use of natural resources. Once in operation (scheduled to launch in 2019), EnMAP will provide high-quality observations in the visible to near-infrared and shortwave-infrared spectral range. The scientific preparation of the mission comprises an extensive science program. This special issue presents a collection of research articles, demonstrating the potential of EnMAP for various applications along with overview articles on the mission and software tools developed within its scientific preparation.
Validation of Remote Sensing Retrieval Products using Data from a Wireless Sensor-Based Online Monitoring in Antarctica
Authors: Li Xiuhong , Cheng Xiao , Yang Rongjin , Liu Qiang , Qiu Yubao , Zhang Jialin , Cai Erli , Zhao Long
Published: November 2016

Of the modern technologies in polar-region monitoring, the remote sensing technology that can instantaneously form large-scale images has become much more important in helping acquire parameters such as the freezing and melting of ice as well as the surface temperature, which can be used in the research of global climate change, Antarctic ice sheet responses, and cap formation and evolution. However, the acquirement of those parameters is impacted remarkably by the climate and satellite transit time which makes it almost impossible to have timely and continuous observation data. In this research, a wireless sensor-based online monitoring platform (WSOOP) for the extreme polar environment is applied to obtain a long-term series of data which is site-specific and continuous in time. Those data are compared and validated with the data from a weather station at Zhongshan Station Antarctica and the result shows an obvious correlation. Then those data are used to validate the remote sensing products of the freezing and melting of ice and the surface temperature and the result also indicated a similar correlation. The experiment in Antarctica has proven that WSOOP is an effective system to validate remotely sensed data in the polar region.
Relationship between Procedural Tactical Knowledge and Specific Motor Skills in Young Soccer Players
Authors: Aquino Rodrigo , Marques Renato , Petiot Grégory , Gonçalves Luiz , Moraes Camila , Santiago Paulo , Puggina Enrico
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between offensive tactical knowledge and the soccer-specific motor skills performance. Fifteen participants were submitted to two evaluation tests, one to assess their technical and tactical analysis. The motor skills performance was measured through four tests of technical soccer skills: ball control, shooting, passing and dribbling. The tactical performance was based on a tactical assessment system called FUT-SAT (Analyses of Procedural Tactical Knowledge in Soccer). Afterwards, technical and tactical evaluation scores were ranked with and without the use of the cluster method. A positive, weak correlation was perceived in both analyses (rho = 0.39, not significant p = 0.14 (with cluster analysis); and rho = 0.35; not significant p = 0.20 (without cluster analysis)). We can conclude that there was a weak association between the technical and the offensive tactical knowledge. This shows the need to reflect on the use of such tests to assess technical skills in team sports since they do not take into account the variability and unpredictability of game actions and disregard the inherent needs to assess such skill performance in the game.
Billboards and Tourism in the Missouri Ozarks: Boon or Blight?
Authors: Morgan Mark
Published: November 2016

Billboards are a common form of roadside advertising because information can be conveyed to a target population in a timely and cost-effective manner. Although designed to increase profit, many individuals find billboards to be a source of visual pollution and argue for their removal.
The issue is divisive, pitting usefulness against aesthetics. A pilot study was conducted to (1) count the total number of billboards along a 50-mile portion of US Highway 65 between Springfield and Branson, Missouri, and (2) determine whether these messages influenced tourist behavior. Out
of 230 advertisements, 46 (20%) were for live shows and performances. Results from this study suggest that billboards played a minor role in visitors' ticket purchase behavior. Decisions regarding billboard advertising should be made by the live entertainment industry in Branson, not
using subjective arguments that focus exclusively on aesthetics.
Continuing to Bridge the Academic–Practitioner Divide: Development of the General Parsimonious Scale (GPS) for Spectator Sports
Authors: Min Sophia Deulre , Wang Tzushuo Ryan , Kwon Woong
Published: November 2016

The academic and practical sides of the sport industry have exhibited different preferences for measurement tools. Practitioners tend to adopt concise instruments that are economical to administer. However, many practice-oriented studies are often viewed by academics as deficient in
scientific rigor. These different preferences for scale development and usage have created the so-called “academic-practitioner divide.” Following the earlier initiative to bridge this division, this present study developed the General Parsimonious Scale (GPS) to assess four components
of sport events that can affect consumers' game attendance decision. An extensive literature review made it possible to select a small set of indicators measuring four dimensions of sport events without suffering theoretical rigor. The GPS indicates appropriate psychometric properties and
exhibits appropriate explanatory ability, providing both academics and practitioners with a reliable and concise instrument that can be applied to measure different components of sport events.
Critical Incidents, Emotions, and Value-Added Moments: The London 2012 Spectator Experience
Authors: Emery Paul R. , Kerr Anthony K. , Crabtree Ruth M.
Published: November 2016

In an increasingly complex and demanding sport event environment, spectators expect to fulfill their insatiable hedonistic needs through engaging in memorable customer experiences. However, experience creation and management suffer poor conceptualization and contextualization. Using
the case study of London 2012 Olympic spectator experiences and applying a range of mixed-methods tools, this exploratory study advances the emerging research agenda on understanding the nature of critical incidents and accompanying emotions, as well as the value-added moments of a memorable
hedonistic sport spectator experience. The study findings reveal the valence of critical incidents and emotions, identify when and where they occur, and suggest that spectators want to engage with a series of highly interactive and multimoments that include building, watching, being in, capturing,
and sharing the moment. Determining the value-added and value-destructive drivers of memorable consumption encounters can help event managers exceed desired levels of service expectation, and facilitate the delivery of superior customer experiences.
DEVIATION OF THE ERROR ESTIMATION FOR SECOND ORDER FREDHOLM-VOLTERRA INTEGRO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Parvaz Reza , Zarebnia Mohammad , Bagherzadeh Amir Saboor
Published: November 2016

In this paper we study the deviation of the error estimation for the second order Fredholm-Volterra integro-differential equations. We prove that for m degree piecewise polynomial collocation method, our method provides O(hm+1) as the order of the deviation of the error. Also numerical results in the final section are included to confirm the theoretical results.
INTEGRAL ERROR REPRESENTATION OF HERMITE INTERPOLATING POLYNOMIAL AND RELATED INEQUALITIES FOR QUADRATURE FORMULAE
Authors: Aras-Gazic Gorana , Pečaric Josip , Vukelic Ana
Published: November 2016

We consider integral error representation related to the Hermite interpolating polynomial and derive some new estimations of the remainder in quadrature formulae of Hermite type, using Holder’s inequality and some inequalities for the Čebyšev functional. As a special case, generalizations for the zeros of orthogonal polynomials are considered.
Pensée, âme et corps
Authors: Dufour Micheline
Published: November 2016

La connaissance de soi peut être grandement aidée par l’écriture, mais la lecture des missives que, à sa façon, le corps nous adresse est utile à nos prises de conscience.
L’analyste en écriture
Authors: Dallot Christine
Published: November 2016

À partir du Journal clinique de Férenczi, des Cahiers Noirs de Jung et de l’ouvrage dit psychanalytique de Bion Un mémoire du temps à venir , l’auteure trace quelques-uns des périples intimes qui prévalent à l’élaboration de l’analyste et à l’audace de son écriture.
Du texte à la texture de l’écriture
Authors: Marcheschi Jean-Paul
Published: November 2016

Si d’un côté, par le langage Jean-Paul Marcheschi tente de commenter les énigmes de la Beauté – celle de l’histoire de l’art –, de l’autre côté il le change organiquement en pure matière picturale.
Respiration holotropique, langage du corps et du soi
Authors: Fonseca Christiane
Published: November 2016

La respiration holotropique permet d’atteindre des états modifiés de conscience, de passer du corps physique à un corps énergétique et vibratoire, de panser des blessures et des mémoires, parfois transgénérationnelles et transpersonnelles, enfouies dans l’inconscient collectif. Le témoignage d’une participante à un groupe de respiration holotropique illustre ces différentes expériences qui engagent à la fois le corps, le cœur et l’âme.
Leibniz entre les économistes anglais et le Roi de Prusse
Authors: Luckscheiter Stefan , Pelletier Arnaud
Published: November 2016

Cet article expose l’intérêt qu’il peut y avoir pour la recherche à éditer les notes de lecture de Leibniz dans les Sämtlichen Schriften und Briefen . Il examine à titre d’exemple un mémoire sur la politique sociale et économique que Leibniz a soumis à la cour de Prusse en 1701, deux notes de lecture sur des propositions semblables faites par d’autres ainsi que deux extraits des œuvres de Charles Davenant. Leur comparaison permet entre autres de montrer d’où Leibniz tenait ses informations et comment il se rapportait à son environnement intellectuel. Dans la mesure où Leibniz formule à l’occasion de la lecture de Davenant des considérations fondamentales sur l’économie qui n’ont pas d’équivalent ailleurs dans le corpus, cet article s’emploie en même temps à saisir le rapport de Leibniz aux économistes anglais et à situer plus précisément ses conceptions dans l’histoire des idées.
Perception and Intention of Youth's Towards Online Shopping
Authors: Dash Ajitabh
Published: November 2016

This study aims to investigate youth consumer's perception and intention towards online shopping through integration of technological acceptance model (TAM). Data were collected from 263 young people residing in Bhubaneswar city of Odisha, a state in the eastern region of India through a structured questionnaire during May/June 2015. The structural Equation modeling was employed to analyze the data and validate the research model. The results of this study indicated that different perception variables have different relationships with behavioral intention of youths towards online shopping. The results from this study will be useful for e-commerce companies in formulating appropriate marketing strategies, as well as developing appropriate applications that will attract more consumers by increasing their benefit perception. This study is confined to the response of 263 young people residing in Bhubaneswar city of Odisha. In future of similar types of study may be conducted in either part of the state as well as country with a relatively larger sample size including customers from different age groups. Although past literatures have focused on technological aspects of online shopping, few studies have examined the perception and intention of youth towards online shopping. Furthermore, most studies on online shopping perception have focused on the relationships between technology adoption factors and perception of users. This study provides a basis for further refinement of TAM model to predict behavioral intentions of consumers towards online shopping.
Training Effectiveness
Authors: Mohapatra Snigdha , Mohanty Pravat Kumar
Published: November 2016

HR practitioners time and again busy in finding the worth of their training programs. Outputs of training/Training Effectiveness/ROI of training programs are taking a huge attention of any HR department in any organization. Often attention was paid to the training program itself, the training environment, the trainer and the organizational climate and culture to apply the same into work. But many a times the very important part i.e. trainees were left aside. Present research is an attempt to address this gap. Trainees though found to be an important factor in success of any training program often this factor is limited to theoretical analysis. Rarely organizations and particularly the training department dare to ponder this. The type of trainee or in other way the characteristic of a trainee is found to be influential in many of the researches earlier. Here the attempt is to measure the link between the level of engagement and the perception of training effectiveness of the same trainees. This will help the training department to be more cautious while choosing their trainees to deliver an effective training program to fetch a dream achieved.
Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Partition Matrices
Authors: Adak Amal Kumar
Published: November 2016

If in an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy matrix each element is again a smaller interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy matrix then the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy matrix is called interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy partion matrix (IVIFPMs). In this paper, the concept of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy partion matrices (IVIFPMs) are introduced and defined different types of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy partion matrices (IVIFPMs). The operations like direct sum, Kronecker sum, Kronecker product of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy matrices are presented and shown that their resultant matrices are also interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy partion matrices (IVIFPMs).
P-F Fuzzy Rings and Normal Fuzzy Ring
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2016

In 1965, Zadeh introduced the concept of fuzzy subset. Since that time many papers were introduced in different mathematical scopes of theoretical and practical applications. In 1982, Liuformulated the term of fuzzy ring and fuzzy ideal of a ring R. In 2004, Hadi and Abou-Draeb, introduced and studied P-F fuzzy rings and normal fuzzy rings and now we are complete it. In this chapter, the concepts P-F fuzzy rings and normal fuzzy rings have been investigated. Several basic results related to these concepts have given and studied. The relationship between them has also been given. Moreover, some properties of t-pure fuzzy ideal of a fuzzy ring have been given which need it later.
Multiobjective Optimization of Solar-Powered Irrigation System with Fuzzy Type-2 Noise Modelling
Authors: Ganesan T. , Vasant Pandian , Elamvazuthi I.
Published: November 2016

Design optimization has been commonly practiced for many years across various engineering disciplines. Optimization per se is becoming a crucial element in industrial applications involving sustainable alternative energy systems. During the design of such systems, the engineer/decision maker would often encounter noise factors (e.g. solar insolation and ambient temperature fluctuations) when their system interacts with the environment. Therefore, successful modelling and optimization procedures would require a framework that encompasses all these uncertainty features and solves the problem at hand with reasonable accuracy. In this chapter, the sizing and design optimization of the solar powered irrigation system was considered. This problem is multivariate, noisy, nonlinear and multiobjective. This design problem was tackled by first using the Fuzzy Type II approach to model the noise factors. Consequently, the Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) (in the context of a weighted sum framework) was employed to solve this multiobjective fuzzy design problem. This method was then used to construct the approximate Pareto frontier as well as to identify the best solution option in a fuzzy setting. Comprehensive analyses and discussions were performed on the generated numerical results with respect to the implemented solution methods.
An Efficient Method for Forecasting Using Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Singh Pritpal
Published: November 2016

Forecasting using fuzzy time series has been applied in several areas including forecasting university enrollments, sales, road accidents, financial forecasting, weather forecasting, etc. Recently, many researchers have paid attention to apply fuzzy time series in time series forecasting problems. In this paper, we present a new model to forecast the enrollments in the University of Alabama and the daily average temperature in Taipei, based on one-factor fuzzy time series. In this model, a new frequency based clustering technique is employed for partitioning the time series data sets into different intervals. For defuzzification function, two new principles are also incorporated in this model. In case of enrollments as well daily temperature forecasting, proposed model exhibits very small error rate.
Culture and Managers in a Globalised World
Authors: Giousmpasoglou Charalampos , Marinakou Evangelia
Published: November 2016

The dynamic nature of the management function in global business today and the realisation that what works effectively in one country may not be as efficient in another has led management scholars and practising managers in continuous efforts to enhance their understanding of this environment and its effects to managers. This chapter explores management across cultures. The discussion starts with the origin and definition of cross cultural management; then it is focused on the study of the International Human Resources Management (IHRM). The final part discusses the profile of the international managers and the competencies needed to cope with the multiple challenges they are faced with in overseas assignments.
Challenges Enhancing Social and Organizational Performance
Authors: Martins Ana , Martins Isabel , Pereira Orlando
Published: November 2016

A vital component in the new age organizational paradigm is evident in spiritual capital, albeit many occasions leadership overlooks its importance. Nevertheless, this spiritual dimension is gaining acceptance in contemporary organizations as sustainability is very much dependent on this capital. The aim of this chapter is to analyze the principles of spiritual capital, its applicability in the organizational context and to reflect on the importance of this construct in contributing to organizational sustainability. This study aims to gauge the perception of employees about their spiritual capital and its importance in the workplace. We distributed a questionnaire as a data collection method to a sample in higher education institutions in order to create a reference to identify the spiritual resources in the organization. This chapter also analyzes the relevance of the spiritual capital construct, with special focus on spiritual leadership in organizations which are an integral part of the higher education sector.