bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiencia de coordinación interdepartamental y aprendizaje colaborativo en la realización del TFG (2012-2017)
Authors: Martín Castejón P.J. , Lafuente-Lechuga M. , Faura-Martínez U. , Puigcerver Peñalver M.C. , Bote M.
Published: December 2018

Las experiencias de aprendizaje colaborativo en escasas ocasiones se enmarcan en el caso de la educación superior y mucho menos en la realización del Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG). En este trabajo se presentan la puesta en marcha y los resultados obtenidos por un proyecto de innovación docente consistente en la coordinación horizontal entre distintas áreas de conocimiento para la tutela del TFG de un grupo de estudiantes y el aprendizaje colaborativo desarrollado con ellos en la Facultad de Economía y Empresa de la Universidad de Murcia. Para ello, se ha creado una Línea Transversal, denominada “Iniciativas y proyectos comerciales”, en la que cada tutelado debe realizar su TFG a través de la creación de un Plan de Empresa, siendo orientados a través de sesiones de tutorías grupales presenciales y trabajando de forma colaborativa con sus compañeros. Los resultados obtenidos en los últimos cinco cursos académicos (2012-2017), muestran que hay una diferencia significativa entre las calificaciones de los estudiantes de dicha Línea Transversal con el resto de las más de 50 líneas ofertadas en la Facultad de Economía y Empresa, ya que son superiores en casi un punto. A modo de conclusión, se realizan una serie de reflexiones y sugerencias con el fin de facilitar la implantación de dicha innovación de coordinación interdepartamental apoyada en el aprendizaje colaborativo desarrollado por los estudiantes.
Biografía de la implantación de los Trabajos de Fin de Grado en una Facultad de Sociología: incertidumbres, triangulación metodológica e implicaciones prácticas
Authors: Otero Enríquez Raimundo , Rodríguez Teijeiro Ariadna , Santiago Gómez Elvira
Published: December 2018

En este artículo se retrata la evolución como asignatura, desde su implantación en el curso 2008-09, de los Trabajos de Fin de Grado (TFG) en la Titulación de Sociología de la Universidade da Coruña. Por tanto, su objetivo analítico principal es el de narrar cómo en estos diez años se han ido identificando las barreras percibidas por el alumnado a la hora de confeccionar los TFG. A través de una triangulación metodológica en la que se combinan técnicas de investigación social cualitativas y cuantitativas, se analizan y contrastan en profundidad indicadores de esta particular asignatura, así como los discursos críticos que el estudiantado y el profesorado han construido sobre la misma. En concreto, el presente texto es un relato estructurado alrededor de tres hitos temporales de la implementación de los TFG en nuestro Centro: su inicial puesta en marcha y detección de primeras problemáticas didácticas y docentes; la implantación de un nuevo procedimiento regulador de la materia que incorpora una rúbrica de evaluación; y la persistencia de “incertidumbres” que requieren próximas medidas de mejora -y que se detallan en el texto-.
Iniciar al alumnado de Estudios Ingleses en la investigación científica a partir de TFGs centrados en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura
Authors: Berns Anke , Duarte Manuel Palomo , Márquez Andrea Calderón , Dodero Juan Manuel
Published: December 2018

A diferencia de otras áreas, que cuentan con una larga tradición en la realización de TFGs, en España las áreas de Humanidades empezaron hace solo unos años, a raíz de la adaptación al plan Bolonia, a incluir en sus titulaciones la realización obligatoria de TFGs. Con el objetivo de compartir y debatir nuestra propia experiencia con otros docentes presentaremos los resultados de diversas tutorizaciones de trabajos basados revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura, llevadas a cabo en el Grado de Estudios Ingleses. La realización de estas no solo ayuda al estudiante a madurar, sino además a familiarizarse con motores de búsqueda, los cuales se muestran como una de las herramientas fundamentales para hacer un trabajo de investigación sólido y de interés para la comunidad científica. Aspectos claves en la tutela de los trabajos fueron, entre otros, la orientación del estudiante para identificar temas relevantes de investigación; la estructuración del trabajo de investigación a partir de una o varias hipótesis; el uso de una metodología científica apropiada para hacer un trabajo que permitiese contrastar las hipótesis establecidas y, por último, la presentación de los resultados obtenidos en un formato open-science a fin de que otros investigadores pudieran acceder a ellos y así maximizar su difusión.
Identidad Profesional Docente
Authors: De Lucas Elena Ferrero
Published: December 2018

Reseña del libro Identidad profesional docente. En resumen, este libro pretende responder a la pregunta: ¿Qué es un profesor hoy en día?, en relación a la experiencia, las expectativas y las competencias de los docentes sobre su identidad profesional. Para darle respuesta se plantea desde sistemas escolares y sociales dentro del marco internacional; ya que estamos ante un proceso complejo que requiere volver a definir las tareas docentes y su autorreflexión
Análisis gráfico-sonoro como fuente de conocimiento de la obra musical en estudiantes de la Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR)
Authors: Vela González Marta
Published: December 2018

 

En el arte de la interpretación y su enseñanza, el análisis musical resulta una herramienta imprescindible como fuente de conocimiento intelectual de la obra. A través de la enseñanza de la metodología de análisis-gráfico sonoro, los estudiantes pueden obtener, simultáneamente, una visión global de la obra y otra fragmentada en distintos parámetros analíticos. De esta forma, pueden obtener una herramienta que les permita apreciar con claridad las relaciones internas de la obra musical. En el presente estudio, con una muestra de alumnos matriculados en la asignatura Análisis de la música de los siglos XX y XXI (Análisis III) del Grado de Música de la Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), se ha estudiado, entre otras relaciones de variables, el grado de aprendizaje por parámetros y la satisfacción por la metodología utilizada. Mediante técnicas estadísticas como la correlación de variables, la regresión lineal y la consistencia de datos, se ha elaborado un diseño ex-post-facto retrospectivo y de corte transversal. Los parámetros analíticos en que los estudiantes basaron el grueso de su aprendizaje en las asignaturas de Análisis I, Análisis II y Análisis III –impartidas en tres cursos escolares consecutivos– fueron estructura formal, textura, forma de la frase y rasgos de estilo. Los resultados de las pruebas estadísticas muestran una mayor sensación de aprendizaje en función de la valoración de las asignaturas cursadas, frente a la calificación obtenida.
Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje (EVA) como herramienta didáctica para la docencia de Sociología de la Educación con metodología CLIL
Authors: Roblizo Colmenero Manuel , Cózar Gutiérrez Ramón
Published: December 2018

En la práctica docente inspirada por la metodología CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) suelen aparecer dificultades en la comunicación derivadas tanto de las diferencias en competencias lingüísticas existentes entre docentes y alumnos como de la complejidad del lenguaje propio de cada una de las materias.  En este artículo recogemos una experiencia de uso  de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA) como elemento facilitador en la docencia de Sociología de la Educación orientada a la formación de maestros en Educación Primaria. En esta práctica docente, que se desarrolla en un país de habla hispana, el inglés es usado como lengua vehicular. Hemos utilizado los datos de encuestas que recogimos de alumnos matriculados en la misma asignatura y centro en dos cursos académicos distintos. Mientras en uno de los grupos de alumnos la docencia se basó en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, en el segundo de ellos solo se utilizaron de manera complementaria. Hemos observado que los alumnos otorgaban una mejor valoración a la metodología CLIL cuando se desarrollaba con el primero de los enfoques citados, lo que, a su vez, propiciaba una percepción menos problemática del uso del inglés como lengua vehicular –con lo que ello implica a efectos de mejora en todo el proceso formativo-. De esta manera, hemos apreciado que los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje son unos medios eficaces para la implementación de una formación del profesorado activa y de corte inductivo, que conjugue adecuadamente el aprendizaje de Sociología de la Educación con la práctica de un segundo idioma.
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of costs of rheumatoid arthritis therapy with selected biological treatment
Authors: Kowalik Krzysztof , Węgierska Małgorzata , Barczyńska Tacjana , Jeka Sławomir
Published: December 2018

Objectives

Among autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the joints. Its pathogenesis is still not fully understood, but the gained knowledge has contributed to the development of modern treatment. The introduction of biological therapy for RA has been a breakthrough in the standard approach to the treatment of this disease.

Material and methods

The study material was retrospectively collected in the Rheumatology and Systemic Tissue Diseases Clinic and Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic in dr. Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz. Patients were divided into 3 groups: patients receiving infliximab – 43 patients, etanercept – 27 patients and adalimumab – 34 patients. In the study, the pharmacoeconomic analysis included direct and indirect medical costs. Direct medical costs analyzed in the study included costs for the purchase of medications, diagnostic and imaging costs, and medical consultations and hospitalization costs. The analysis included all direct medical costs incurred by the hospital and the patient, as well as indirect costs outside the healthcare sector – that is, the Polish Social Insurance Institution benefits (disability benefits, rehabilitation benefits, sickness absences). Direct medical costs are also presented from the perspective of the payer – The Polish National Health Fund – taking into account the cost and percentage share of medical expenses.

Results

The analysis concerned resources used since the beginning of treatment with a given biological medication for 24 months or earlier if disease remission occurred.
A cost-benefit analysis was carried out in the study using biosimilar medications present on the market in relation to the treatment regimens. Considering the total cost, if only Inflectra were used in therapy, PLN 18 151.98 per patient could be saved, and in the case of Remsima, PLN 16 385.14. In less than 19 months, to use infliximab for 43 patients, PLN 780 475.80 more would have to be spent than in the case of the biosimilar medication Inflectra, and PLN 704 561 in the case of Remsima.
The highest total cost is generated by treatment with adalimumab, followed by etanercept, and infliximab. Of the costs analyzed, a significant majority was for biological treatment.

Conclusions

Given the Polish financial conditions, the best solution now is to reduce the prices of biological medications. This is possible through the introduction of biosimilar medications that, when placed on the market, reduce the price of the original medication, as is currently the case with Remicade and Enbrel. The introduction of Inflectra and Remsima, as well as Benepali and Erelzi, has reduced the price base of original medications to similar levels of treatment with biosimilar medications. The wider use of biological treatment would also reduce indirect costs.
Benefits of wrist splinting in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sadura-Sieklucka Teresa , Sokołowska Beata , Prusinowska Agnieszka , Trzaska Anna , Księżopolska-Orłowska Krystyna
Published: December 2018

Objectives

The goal was to present the use of a functional wrist splint and its impact on hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Material and methods

The study group comprised 104 women aged 18–65 and diagnosed with RA, who were treated in the Rheumatology Clinic and Outpatient Department of the National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation in Warsaw. The control group consisted of 40 healthy women in the same age group. Assessment of the hand function was the research method.

Results

Our results revealed substantially deteriorated function of the rheumatoid hand in relation to the healthy hand. The use of a wrist stabiliser is justified in patients with RA due to its beneficial impact, such as improved hand strength and dexterity and reduced pain. Based on the results obtained, it may be assumed that it is mainly patients with moderate and high disease activity who require stabilisation. The small number of patients in remission and with low disease activity was a limitation of the study. Hands with RA require an individual approach, and the most effective methods slowing down development of deformation should be sought. The results presented in this article may provide a starting point for further research on the most favourable wrist stabilisation in order to improve hand function in RA.

Conclusions

Our study showed that the hand function of women with RA is limited due to deteriorated grip quality and manual dexterity in comparison to healthy persons. Wrist stabilisation improves hand function in patients with RA.
Evaluation of coping with chronic rheumatic disease, in the context of socio-demographic factors and disease duration, based on the example of patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Piekutin Anna , Sierakowska Matylda , Doroszkiewicz Halina , Krajewska-Kułak Elżbieta
Published: December 2018

Objectives

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) impairs patients’ functioning, reducing their quality of life. The author of salutogenesis, Antonovsky, claims that maintaining an inner balance in a chronic disease is possible through a high sense of coherence. The aim of the current study was to identify socio-demographic factors and disease duration related to the feeling of coherence of patients with AS, acceptance of disease and risk of depression.

Material and methods

The study was conducted on 82 patients with diagnosed AS. The research method was a diagnostic survey using the Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-29), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS).

Results

In the study, the majority of the patients were male (89%), aged 42 (±11.3). The average duration of AS is 13 (±7.8) years. It was reported that with age, illness acceptance got worse (rp = –0.567, p < 0.0001), and the risk of depressive disorders increased (rp = 0.648, p < 0.0001). The longer the patient suffered from AS, the weaker was their illness acceptance (rp = –0.446, p < 0.0001) and sense of coherence (rp = –0.448, p < 0.001) whereas the risk of depressive disorder increased (rp = 0.479, p < 0.0001). A high linear correlation between illness acceptance and sense of coherence (rp = 0.638, p < 0.0001) and a very high negative correlation between overall sense of coherence and risk of depression (rp = –0.857, p < 0.0001) were observed.

Conclusions

Patients with low sense of coherence demonstrated poorer adaptation to the illness and a greater risk of depressive disorders. Factors lowering the sense of coherence and illness acceptance and increasing risk of depression in the studied patients with AS were progressing illness, older age and lower education level.
Vitamin D serum concentration is not related to the activity of spondyloarthritis – preliminary study
Authors: Guła Zofia , Kopczyńska Anna , Hańska Karolina , Słomski Maciej , Nowakowski Jarosław , Kwaśny-Krochin Beata , Gąsowski Jerzy , Korkosz Mariusz
Published: December 2018

Objective

Vitamin D plays an important role in mineral turnover and bone remodeling and there are increasing data about its immunomodulatory potential in different rheumatologic disorders. Deficiency of vitamin D is frequent in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and some data suggest its association with increased disease activity and structural damage. However, its exact role in the pathogenesis of SpA and its association with disease activity are still a matter of debate.

Material and methods

A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and peripheral spondyloarthritis (perSpA) according to Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society classification criteria was performed. The correlation between concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D – 25(OH)D – and disease activity scores (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index – BASDAI, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score – ASDAS), inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein – CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate – ESR) and clinical symptoms (arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis) was performed.

Results

We included 40 patients with axSpA and 23 patients with perSpA. The mean concentration of 25(OH)D was 24.9 ng/ml (SD 12.49). Forty-seven (74.6%) patients had 25(OH)D below the recommended threshold (< 30 ng/ml). We found no statistically significant negative correlation between the level of 25(OH)D and disease activity of axSpA and perSpA in terms of clinical symptoms (arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis), inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP) and disease activity scores (BASDAI, ASDAS). These results did not change after adjustment for supplementation of vitamin D and seasonal variation.

Conclusions

Our data show no correlation between the concentration of 25(OH)D in the serum and disease activity in two subgroups of SpA. However, this does not exclude the potential role of vitamin D in pathogenesis of SpA. Further studies are required to evaluate the optimal range of 25(OH)D serum concentration in axSpA and perSpA patients with its possible immunomodulatory potential and influence on disease activity.
Comment on the article “Tofacitinib in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: position statement of experts of the Polish Society for Rheumatology”
Authors: Żuber Zbigniew
Published: December 2018

Extensive team work is in my opinion an excellent presentation of current knowledge about the new drug, actually a new group of small-molecule targeted DMARDs in rheumatology. This group of drugs is not only another excellent therapeutic option, but also the opening of a new chapter in the history of rheumatology, which is a bridge between classical DMARDs and a growing spectrum of more biological medicines. Inhibitors of Janus kinases open up possibilities both for new applications of the proposed group of drugs and for various therapeutic variants that will only be developed in everyday clinical practice, The new therapeutic option raises hopes not only for the treatment of ill adults, but also for children who may become the great beneficiaries of introducing this group of drugs - Janus kinase inhibitors.
The Secrets and Future of Global Cities A Book Review and Reflections on “Global City Makers”, Economic Actors and Practices in the World City Network – by Michael Hoyler, Christof Parnreiter and Allan Watson, Elgar 2018
Authors: Buheji Mohamed , Ahmed Dunya
Published: December 2018

The rapid increase of global cities in the 1990s would count now to reach more than 100 cities. Many of these global cities are trying to influence the global economy by differentiated or similar advanced instruments. The capacities and the details of these instruments have not been scientifically investigated in detail, despite the delicate role of the global cities makers and their capacity to influence the socio-economies as powerful economic actors. These intermediary economic actors are very influential in the making and un-making global cities. The “Global City Makers” economic actors and practices in the world city network by Hoyler et. al. (2018) is been reviewed from this perspective mainly. As this book help to identify the influence of certain economic planning on the socio-economic fate of millions of peoples today. Engaging critically and constructively with global urban studies from a relational economic geography perspective, the book outlines a renewed agenda for global cities research.
Expansion of Particle Multi-Swarm Optimization
Authors: Sho Hiroshi
Published: December 2018

For improving the search ability and performance of elementary multiple particle swarm optimizers, we, in this paper, propose a series of multiple particle swarm optimizers with information sharing by introducing a special strategy,called multi-swarm information sharing. The key idea, here, is to add a special confidence term into the updating rule of the particle's velocity by the best solution found out by the particle multi-swarm search. This is a new type approach for the technical development and evolution of particle multi-swarm optimization itself. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the information sharing strategy in the proposed particle multi-swarm search, several computer experiments of dealing with a suite of benchmark problems are carried out. For investigating the performance and efficiency of these proposed methods, we compare their search ability and performance, respectively. The obtained experimental results show that the proposed methods have better search ability and performance than those methods without the strategy. And we still decide the best value of adding the new confidence coefficient to the multi-swarm for dealing with the given optimization problems.
Current behavioral, socioeconomic and demographic determinants of lifetime HIV testing among African Americans in the deep south
Authors: Ogunsina Kemi , Padilla Luz A. , Simmons Jazmyne V. , McGwin Gerald
Published: December 2018

Objective: The Southern region of the United States (US) experiences higher HIV related disparities, majority of new HIV infections are transmitted by individuals who are unaware of their status. African Americans constitute 44% of HIV diagnosis in the US, and African American gay and bisexual men accounted for the largest number of new HIV diagnosis in 2016. Methods: Data from nine southern states in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2016 was analyzed using logistic regression.Results: We found Individuals less likely to test for HIV included: heterosexuals, married individuals, living in a nonMetropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), others (retirees, students and homemakers), older than 65 years and/or with less than high school education.Conclusion: Amid finite resources, interventions for HIV testing among African Americans should focus more on theseindividuals who are less likely to be aware of their HIV status, further contributing to new HIV infections.
Predictors of nurses considering leaving the profession due to work-related stress in a large pediatric and women’s hospital in the United States
Authors: Hagan Joseph L. , Tyer-Viola Lynda , Graves Krisanne
Published: December 2018

Nurse retention is of extreme importance in modern healthcare given the ever increasing nursing shortage and the high cost of training newly hired nurses. Research has repeatedly demonstrated that stress is strongly correlated with nursing staff turnover. This study examines the relationship of Secondary Traumatic Stress, Burnout, Compassion Satisfaction, personal life stress and nurse demographic characteristics with having considered leaving the nursing profession due to work-related stress. A survey was administered to nurses at a large pediatric and women’s hospital in the southern United States. Bivariate analyses (n = 496) indicated being Caucasian (p < .001), working fewer hours per week (p = .009), experiencing more personal life stress (p < .001), having higher Burnout (p < .001), or Secondary Traumatic Stress (p < .001) scores or lower Compassion Satisfaction (p = .015) scores were significantly associated with increased likelihood of having considered leaving the nursing profession. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, after variable selection, higher levels of Burnout (p < .001), more life stress (p = .010), being Caucasian (p < .001) and working fewer hours (p = .004) were all significantly associated with higher odds of considering leaving the nursing profession. Interventions to reduce work-related Burnout and help nurses cope with stressful life events are needed to increase retention of nurses in the profession.
The effect of scenario based teaching for critical care nurses and physicians on their knowledge of fluid creep
Authors: Khalaf Mahran Ghada Shalaby , Mahgoub Asmaa Ali , Abass Mostafa Samy
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Fluid resuscitation is a major component of the acute management of critically ill patients. The phenomenon of providing excessive fluid resuscitation volumes has been termed “fluid creep”. Today, the science of nursing becomes more complex. Accurate fluid balance assessment and recording is important component of nursing care that assures patient’s safety especially in critically ill patients. The aim of the work is to examine the effect of scenario based teaching for critical care nurses and physicians on their knowledge of fluid balance & fluid creep.Methods: The study design: pre & posttest research design. Setting: This study was implemented in general, trauma, obstetric and burn intensive care units (ICUs) at Assiut university Hospital-Assiut-Egypt. Subjects: 35 critical care nurses and 29 intensive care physicians were drawn from the previously mentioned ICUs. Methodology: A pre & posttest questionnaire of nurses’ and physicians’ knowledge, perception and satisfaction regarding fluid creep and fluid balance was adapted from the articles and was used in data collection before and after the application of scenario based teaching. This questionnaire was implemented on two phases (pre and after the teaching program). The data was collected from January 2018 to July 2018.Results: There is a considerable improvement in participants’ knowledge and perception concerning fluid balance and fluid creep after applying the scenario based teaching (p value < .001).Conclusions: Nowadays, nurses and physicians need advanced level of knowledge to be able to deal with the physiological changes that occur in critically ill.
Opinions of Prospective Primary School Teachers about Methods and Techniques Suitable for Teaching Science: A Case Study from Turkey
Authors: Hamurcu Hülya
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to determine opinions of a group of prospective Turkish primary school teachers aboutwhat teaching methods and techniques are more suitable to teach science. In addition, their perceived competence inselection of teaching methods and techniques was explored. In Turkey, primary school teachers offer various coursesin the first four years of primary education. Their ability to benefit from teaching methods and techniques suitable forsubjects and courses is considered important in terms of realization of learning. The study was also directed towardsexamining whether third-year university students having taken courses for methods and techniques used to teachdifferent subjects felt competent about selection of suitable methods and techniques.This is a case study using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative data were gathered withPerceived Competence Scale for Selection of Teaching Methods and Techniques for Prospective Teachers,developed by Durdukoca et al. (2017). Qualitative data were collected through an open-ended question “Whatteaching methods and techniques do you think you want to use in the future”. All the participants answered thisopen-ended question and completed the scale. Data obtained through the open ended-question were analyzed withcontent analysis.The study sample included 96 third-year students studying in the Department of Primary Education in BucaEducation Faculty of Dokuz Eylül University in the spring term of the 2017-2018 academic year. Quantitative datawere analyzed with SPSS v. 22 and t-test.The prospective primary school teachers were found to plan to use student-centered methods and techniques and tohave high perceived competence concerning selection of teaching methods and techniques. Their perceivedcompetence did not differ between genders and students with different academic performance. Only having apositive perception of competence significantly differed between branches of students.
If I Feel Ticklish, I Will Keep My Distance, but If I Feel Itchy, I Will Approach You: Ticklish and Itchy Sensations Influence the Interpersonal Distance
Authors: Okamura Yasuto , Ura Mitsuhiro
Published: December 2018

Studies have found metaphor-consistent effects for certain cutaneous sensations. However, no research to date has investigated the influence of ticklish and itchy sensations on social proximity. This study examined possible metaphor-consistent effects between these sensations and social proximity. Participants looked at a photograph inducing a ticklish or an itchy sensation and responded to a questionnaire inquiring about interpersonal distances. Results indicated that participants in the tickling condition desired to maintain more distance to medium-intimate others, whereas those in the itchy condition desired to maintain less distance. These findings confirmed the metaphor-consistent effects of these sensations on social proximity. Theoretical implications of this finding are discussed.
Proximate Composition and Micronutrient Contents of Callianassa turnerana from the Wouri Estuary, Cameroon
Authors: Njinkoué Jean Michel , Foumedzo Rodrigue , Leng Marlyse Solange , Djopnang Justin Djimbie , Mawamba Adélaïde Démassé , Kana Marie Modestine , Schweigert Florian J. , Gouado Inocent , Tchoumbougnang François
Published: December 2018

Callianassa turnerana, called Cameroon ghost shrimps is shrimp with a great sociocultural interest in Cameroon. This study assessed proximate composition and micronutrients contents of Callianassa turnerana from the Wouri estuary in Cameroon. Adult shrimps were collected. The proximate composition, mineral, carotenoids and vitamin E contents were determined in edible parts (male and female) and in eggs of C. turnerana using official analytical methods. One way ANOVA and Fisher’s post hoc PLS test was used to analyze the data. The moisture content were 66±1.5%, 62 ±2.85%, 49.0 ±1.60% in edible parts of male, female and in eggs respectively. Protein contents were high in all the samples ranging from 10.49±0.92% in male edible parts to 30.06±0.89% in eggs. Lipid contents were more than 12% in all samples. Carbohydrate were absent in eggs while the contents were 9.92±0.99% in male and 12.23±0.81% in female edible parts. C. turnerana is a good source of minerals. Sodium (0.983±0.001%- 1.656±0.005%) and Phosphorus (0.974±0.002%-1.321±0.002%) were the main macro elements in all samples. Zn was the major microelement in edible parts with the value ranged from 6.43±0.49mg/100g (male) to 7.62±0.35mg/100g (female) while Cu was the major microelement (10.15±3.57mg/100g) in eggs. High levels of total carotenoids (7.9-15.45µg/g) and vitamin E (12.53-24.03µg/g) were recorded. The main carotenoids were β-caroten (0.637-1.337µg/g) followed by α-caroten (0.216-0.437µg/g). C. turnerana is a good source of many major nutrients and micronutrients and could be used to combat malnutrition and improve health.
Presentació. Les primeres fortificacions medievals: dades arqueològiques i tècniques constructives
Authors: Martí Castelló Ramon , Viladrich M. Mercè
Published: December 2018

Presentació de la monografia
Apunts per una arqueologia dels castells i fortificacions pre-feudals a l'Alt Pirineu (Urgell, Pallars i Ribagorça), segles VI-X
Authors: Sancho Marta
Published: December 2018

A partir de les dades procedents de la documentació escrita i l’arqueologia, hem georeferenciat els elements fortificats dels que tenim coneixement pels segles vi-x i hem establert algunes pautes a seguir per millorar el nostre coneixement sobre aquesta tipologia de jaciments arqueològics. Hem procurat entendre la lògica de la seva ubicació a partir de les vies de comunicació, les activitats productives i el creixement d’un nou model d’organització de la societat i del poder. Finalment hem plantejat la problemàtica de donar continuïtat i avançar en el coneixement d’aquestes fortificacions prefeudals.
El castell de Vilademàger (La Llacuna, l’Anoia): arqueologia d’una fortificació comtal (Segles X-XV)
Authors: Sabaté Mireia , Folch Cristian
Published: December 2018

Amb aquest text es presenten els primers resultats de la intervenció arqueològica duta a terme al castell de Vilademàger durant la primavera de l’any 2017. Les excavacions al sector més septentrional de la fortificació han permès documentar i datar amb una certa precisió tot un conjunt d’estructures localitzades en aquesta zona, que corresponen al primer castell documentat al segle X, i estudiar la seva evolució durant tota l’Edat Mitjana fins que s’abandona al segle XV.
Drug resistance in topoisomerase-targeting therapy
Authors: Wtorek Karol , Długosz Angelika , Janecka Anna
Published: December 2018

Drug resistance is a well-known phenomenon that occurs when initially responsive to chemotherapy cancer cells become tolerant and elude further effectiveness of anticancer drugs. Based on their mechanism of action, anticancer drugs can be divided into cytotoxic-based agents and target-based agents. An important role among the therapeutics of the second group is played by drugs targeting topoisomerases, nuclear enzymes critical to DNA function and cell survival. These enzymes are cellular targets of several groups of anticancer agents which generate DNA damage in rapidly proliferating cancer cells. Drugs targeting topoisomerase I are mostly analogs of camtothecin, a natural compound isolated from the bark of a tree growing in China. Drugs targeting topoisomerase II are divided into poisons, such as anthracycline antibiotics, whose action is based on intercalation between DNA bases, and catalytic inhibitors that block topoisomerase II at different stages of the catalytic cycle. Unfortunately, chemotherapy is often limited by the induction of drug resistance. Identifying mechanisms that promote drug resistance is critical for the improvement of patient prognosis. Cancer drug resistance is a complex phenomenon that may be influenced by many factors. Here we discuss various mechanisms by which cancer cells can develop resistance to topoisomerase-directed drugs, which include enhanced drug efflux, mutations in topoisomerase genes, hypophosphorylation of topoisomerase II catalytic domain, activation of NF-κB transcription factor and drug inactivation. All these events may lead to the ineffective induction of cancer cell death. Attempts at circumventing drug resistance through the inhibition of cellular efflux pumps, use of silencing RNAs or inhibition of some important mechanisms, which can allow cancer cells to survive therapy, are also presented.
La coopétition, une nouvelle approche stratégique pour mieux gérer les relations entre PME et distributeurs
Authors: Ambroise Laure , Fleck Nathalie , Lefebvre Clarinda
Published: December 2018

Cet article analyse les éléments constitutifs de la relation entre un fabricant et ses distributeurs et se propose d’envisager la coopétition comme cadre d’analyse permettant aux managers de PME de définir simultanément des stratégies de relations et de coopération différenciées selon les distributeurs. Une étude longitudinale menée sur 5 ans auprès d’une PME alimentaire bio met en évidence le réseau de relations ainsi que les niveaux de conflit, concurrence et de coopération vis-à-vis de ses distributeurs, généralistes et spécialisés. Les résultats confirment que l’approche coopétitive permet d’identifier une modalité hybride des relations verticales à différents niveaux de la chaine d’activité du canal de distribution. Ils mettent également en évidence comment des dirigeants de PME peuvent gérer leur offre produits (choix d’assortiment, produits exclusifs, etc.) et leur portefeuille de marques (marques exclusives, marques de distributeurs, etc.) selon les distributeurs de façon à appréhender cette situation de façon agile et assurer la pérennité de leur entreprise, en fonction de critères économiques mais également liés au partage de valeurs et à une vision du marché.
Mieux comprendre les difficultés de développement du doggy bag en France : une analyse par l’approche des représentations sociales
Authors: Achabou Mohamed Akli , Dekhili Sihem , Tagbata Didier
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’attache à comprendre les représentations liées au doggy bag et la manière dont elles déterminent l’adoption de cette pratique comme un moyen de lutte contre le gaspillage alimentaire. À l’aide d’une double approche reposant sur des entretiens individuels auprès de consommateurs et de restaurateurs français, cette recherche identifie les freins à l’adoption de cette pratique. Ceux-ci se regroupent autour de deux volets : 1) des freins « matériels » qui se rapportent à la faible praticité du doggy bag pour le client, au risque sanitaire, au manque d’efficacité perçue de cette pratique sur le plan environnemental, et au coût supplémentaire de l’emballage ; et 2) des freins liés à la culture et aux normes sociales. Les résultats permettent également de préciser des leviers pour encourager la mise en place d’une telle pratique dans le contexte français.
A Methodological Framework for the Comparative Analysis of the Environmental Performance of Roadway and Railway Transport
Authors: Mintzia Diamanto , Kehagia Fotini , Tsakalidis Anastasios , Zervas Efthimios
Published: December 2018

Low-carbon transport is a priority in addressing climate change. Transport is still almost totally dependent on fossil fuels (96%) and accounts for almost 60% of global oil use. Sustainable transport systems, both passenger and freight, should be economically and technically feasible, but also low-carbon and environmentally friendly. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions in transport projects is becoming a primary target of transport companies as a part of an endeavor for low-carbon strategies to reduce the energy demand and environmental impact. This paper investigates the CO2 impact of construction and operation of the main highway and railway line infrastructure in Greece, which connects Athens and Thessaloniki, the capital and the second biggest city in Greece respectively and provides a comparative analysis in roadway and railway transport.
Discharge Flow Rate Change Under Rainy Conditions on Urban Motorways
Authors: Aksoy Göker , Öğüt Kemal Selçuk
Published: December 2018

Queue discharge flow is the most frequently observed phenomenon on urban motorways when demand exceeds capacity. Once a queue is formed, congestion arises, and the number of vehicles that can pass from downstream reduces. This reduction phenomenon is defined as the capacity drop and calculated by taking the difference between capacity and discharge flow at a road section. Obviously, this capacity drop exists after an onset of congestion and may increase in relation to weather conditions, such as rain, snow, or fog, which cause longer queues and delays. In this paper, the effect of rain on discharge flows is investigated and compared with sunny days on Istanbul urban motorways. Besides, rain precipitation during congestion is considered and related to discharge flow. Four different motorway sections were analyzed, and up to 37% discharge flow reduction was determined between sunny and rainy conditions. Motorway sections with higher free flow speed (FFS) were found to be more affected by rain, and discharge flow reduction was bigger compared to the section with the lowest FFS. For 1 mm/m2/h of precipitation, the discharge flow is estimated as 1,719 pcu/h/lane when FFS is 84 km/h, and as 1,560 pcu/h/lane if FFS is 104 km/h.
Cisplatin-induced DNA double-strand breaks promote meiotic chromosome synapsis in PRDM9-controlled mouse hybrid sterility
Authors: Wang Liu , Valiskova Barbora , Forejt Jiri
Published: December 2018

PR domain containing 9 (Prdm9) is specifying hotspots of meiotic recombination but in hybrids between two mouse subspecies Prdm9 controls failure of meiotic chromosome synapsis and hybrid male sterility. We have previously reported that Prdm9-controlled asynapsis and meiotic arrest are conditioned by the inter-subspecific heterozygosity of the hybrid genome and we presumed that the insufficient number of properly repaired PRDM9-dependent DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) causes asynapsis of chromosomes and meiotic arrest (Gregorova et al., 2018). We now extend the evidence for the lack of properly processed DSBs by improving meiotic chromosome synapsis with exogenous DSBs. A single injection of chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin increased frequency of RPA and DMC1 foci at the zygotene stage of sterile hybrids, enhanced homolog recognition and increased the proportion of spermatocytes with fully synapsed homologs at pachytene. The results bring a new evidence for a DSB-dependent mechanism of synapsis failure and infertility of intersubspecific hybrids.
Regorafenib reverses HGF‐induced sorafenib resistance by inhibiting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Weibo , Yang Junsheng , Zhang Yue , Cai Huihua , Chen Xuemin , Sun Donglin
Published: December 2018

Sorafenib resistance is one of the major obstacles towards achieving a better outcome in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which aberrant activation of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/mesenchymal‐epithelial transition pathway is frequently observed. Here, we report that HCC cells develop sorafenib resistance following HGF stimulation. Furthermore, HGF activates the downstream extracellular signal‐related kinase (ERK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway and induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by up‐regulating Snail in HCC cells. Inhibition of ERK and STAT3 abolished the rescue effect of HGF by down‐regulating Snail and EMT. Moreover, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/Akt was also activated in HGF‐treated HCC cells, although it had no effect on Snail expression. Notably, we also found that regorafenib reversed HGF‐induced sorafenib resistance by inhibiting ERK and STAT3, and subsequently down‐regulating Snail and EMT. Taken together, our results indicate that HGF induces sorafenib resistance by activating phosporylated (P)‐ERK/Snail/EMT and P‐STAT3/Snail/EMT pathways. Inhibition of P‐ERK and P‐STAT3 by regorafenib can block HGF‐induced EMT, thereby reversing HGF‐induced sorafenib resistance.
Renal mineralocorticoid receptor expression is reduced in lipoatrophy
Authors: Toffoli Barbara , Bernardi Stella , Winkler Carine , Carrascosa Coralie , Gilardi Federica , Desvergne Béatrice
Published: December 2018

Obesity is a condition characterized by adipose tissue hypertrophy; it is estimated that the obesity epidemic accounted for 4 million deaths in 2015 and that 70% of these were due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). One of the mechanisms linking obesity to CVD is the ability of adipose tissue to secrete circulating factors. We hypothesized that adipose tissue and its secretory products may influence mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression. Here, we showed that expression of MR and its downstream targets (Cnksr3, Scnn1b, and Sgk1) were significantly reduced in the kidneys of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ null (PpargΔ/Δ) and A‐ZIP/F‐1 (AZIPtg/+) lipoatrophic mice with respect to their controls. Intriguingly, MR expression was also found to be significantly reduced in the kidneys of genetically obese ob/ob mice. Our data suggest that adipose tissue contributes to the regulation of MR expression. Given that leptin deficiency seems to be the major feature shared by PpargΔ/Δ, AZIPtg/+, and ob/ob mice, we speculate that adipose tissue modulates MR expression through the leptin system.
Coenzyme Q10 protects against burn‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired insulin signaling in mouse skeletal muscle
Authors: Nakazawa Harumasa , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Shinozaki Shohei , Yasuhara Shingo , Yu Yong‐Ming , Martyn J.A. Jeevendra , Tompkins Ronald G. , Yorozu Tomoko , Inoue Satoshi , Kaneki Masao
Published: December 2018

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with metabolic alterations in various disease states, including major trauma (e.g., burn injury). Metabolic derangements, including muscle insulin resistance and hyperlactatemia, are a clinically significant complication of major trauma. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor for mitochondrial electron transport, and its reduced form acts as a lipophilic antioxidant. Here, we report that burn injury induces impaired muscle insulin signaling, hyperlactatemia, mitochondrial dysfunction (as indicated by suppressed mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates), morphological alterations of the mitochondria (e. g., enlargement, and loss of cristae structure), mitochondrial oxidative stress, and disruption of mitochondrial integrity (as reflected by increased mitochondrial DNA levels in the cytosol and circulation). All of these alterations were significantly alleviated by CoQ10 treatment compared with vehicle alone. These findings indicate that CoQ10 treatment is efficacious in protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of burned mice. Our data highlight CoQ10 as a potential new strategy to prevent mitochondrial damage and metabolic dysfunction in burn patients.
Theory of the Lamb Shift in Hydrogen and Light Hydrogen‐Like Ions
Authors: Yerokhin Vladimir A. , Pachucki Krzysztof , Patkóš Vojtěch
Published: December 2018

Theoretical calculations of the Lamb shift provide the basis required for the determination of the Rydberg constant from spectroscopic measurements in hydrogen. The recent high‐precision determination of the proton charge radius drastically reduces the uncertainty in the hydrogen Lamb shift originating from the proton size. As a result, the dominant theoretical uncertainty now comes from the two‐ and three‐loop QED effects, which calls for further advances in their calculations. The present status of theoretical calculations of the Lamb shift in hydrogen and light hydrogen‐like ions with the nuclear charge number up to is reviewed. Theoretical errors due to various effects are critically examined and estimated.
The Role of History and Ethics of Anatomy in Medical Education
Authors: Hildebrandt Sabine
Published: December 2018

While time spent on anatomical education in medical school curricula has been diminishing over the last decades, the recognized role of anatomical dissection has expanded. It is perceived by many students and faculty not only as the means of learning the structure and function of the human body, but also as an opportunity for the acquisition of professional competencies such as team work, patient–doctor interaction, medical epistemology, self‐awareness, and an understanding of medical ethics. This viewpoint article proposes that this learning process can be supported effectively through studying examples from the history of anatomy, as insights from this history can help illuminate contemporary ethical issues in anatomy and medicine. Anatomical education can thus provide not only the opportunity of gaining awareness of ethical questions, but also a chance to practice these new insights within the protected environment of the laboratories, in interaction with the dead and the living. Consequently, a new role has developed for anatomists, which includes the interweaving of the scholarly exploration of the history and ethics of anatomy with the practical application of research results into a reframed concept of anatomical education. Anatomy, as a foundational discipline in the medical curriculum, can thus provide a first step on the educational path of empathetic and humane medical caregivers.