bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin C injection improves antioxidant stress capacity through regulating blood metabolism in post-transit yak
Authors: Zhang Li , Chen Yi , Zhou Ziyao , Wang Zhiyu , Fu Lin , Zhang Lijun , Xu Changhui , Loor Juan J. , Wang Gaofu , Zhang Tao , Dong Xianwen
Published: June 2023

Transportation stress is one of the most serious issues in the management of yak. Previous studies have demonstrated that transport stress is caused by a pro-oxidant state in the animal resulting from an imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant status. In this context, vitamin C has the ability to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and alleviate oxidative stress. Although this effect of vitamin C is useful in pigs, goats and cattle, the effect of vitamin C on the mitigation of transport stress in yaks is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to better assess the metabolic changes induced by the action of vitamin C in yaks under transportation stress, and whether these changes can influence antioxidant status. After the yaks arrived at the farm, control or baseline blood samples were collected immediately through the jugular vein (VC_CON). Then, 100 mg/kg VC was injected intramuscularly, and blood samples were collected on the 10th day before feeding in the morning (VC). Relative to the control group, the VC injection group had higher levels of VC. Compared with VC_CON, VC injection significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the blood concentrations of ALT, AST, T-Bil, D-Bil, IDBIL, UREA, CRP and LDH. However, VC injection led to greater (P < 0.05) AST/ALT and CREA-S relative to VC_CON. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in GGT, ALP, TBA, TP, ALBII, GLO, A/G, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, GLU and l-lactate between VC_CON and VC. The injection of VC led to greater (P < 0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not alter (P > 0.05) the serum concentrations of LPO and ROS. The injection of VC led to greater (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of POD, CAT and GSH-PX. In contrast, lower (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of SOD, POD and TPX were observed in VC relative to VC_CON. No difference (P > 0.05) in GSH, GSH-ST and GR was observed between VC_CON and VC. Compared with the control group, metabolomics using liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry identified 156 differential metabolites with P < 0.05 and a variable importance in projection (VIP) score > 1.5 in the VC injection group. The injection of VC resulted in significant changes to the intracellular amino acid metabolism of glutathione, glutamate, cysteine, methionine, glycine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, alanine and aspartate. Overall, our study indicated that VC injections were able to modulate antioxidant levels by affecting metabolism to resist oxidative stress generated during transport.
Environmental risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case–control study
Authors: Refai Rania H. , Hussein Mohammed F. , Abdou Mamdouh H. , Abou-Raya Anna N.
Published: June 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complicated chronic autoimmune disorder. Several genetic and environmental factors were suggested to be implicated in its pathogenesis. The main objective of this study was to examine how exposure to selected environmental factors was associated with SLE risk to support the development of disease preventive strategies. A case–control study was conducted at the Rheumatology outpatient clinic of Alexandria Main University Hospital, in Alexandria, Egypt. The study sample consisted of 29 female SLE patients, and 27 healthy female controls, who matched the cases on age and parity. Data were collected by a structured interviewing questionnaire. Blood levels of lead, cadmium, and zinc of all participants were assessed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression model revealed that five factors showed significant association with SLE, namely living near agricultural areas, passive smoking, blood lead levels ≥ 0.075 mg/L, and exposure to sunlight (odds ratio (OR) 58.556, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.897–1807.759, OR 24.116, 95% CI 1.763–329.799, OR 18.981, 95% CI 1.228–293.364, OR 9.549, 95% CI 1.299–70.224, respectively). Whereas walking or doing exercise were significantly protective factors (P = 0.006). The findings of this study add to the evidence that SLE can be environmentally induced. Preventive measures should be taken to address the environmental risk factors of SLE.
2019–2020 H1N1 clade A5a.1 viruses have better in vitro fitness compared with the co-circulating A5a.2 clade
Authors: Swanson Nicholas J. , Marinho Paula , Dziedzic Amanda , Jedlicka Anne , Liu Hsuan , Fenstermacher Katherine , Rothman Richard , Pekosz Andrew
Published: June 2023

Surveillance for emerging human influenza virus clades is important for identifying changes in viral fitness and assessing antigenic similarity to vaccine strains. While fitness and antigenic structure are both important aspects of virus success, they are distinct characteristics and do not always change in a complementary manner. The 2019–2020 Northern Hemisphere influenza season saw the emergence of two H1N1 clades: A5a.1 and A5a.2. While several studies indicated that A5a.2 showed similar or even increased antigenic drift compared with A5a.1, the A5a.1 clade was still the predominant circulating clade that season. Clinical isolates of representative viruses from these clades were collected in Baltimore, Maryland during the 2019–2020 season and multiple assays were performed to compare both antigenic drift and viral fitness between clades. Neutralization assays performed on serum from healthcare workers pre- and post-vaccination during the 2019–2020 season show a comparable drop in neutralizing titers against both A5a.1 and A5a.2 viruses compared with the vaccine strain, indicating that A5a.1 did not have antigenic advantages over A5a.2 that would explain its predominance in this population. Plaque assays were performed to investigate fitness differences, and the A5a.2 virus produced significantly smaller plaques compared with viruses from A5a.1 or the parental A5a clade. To assess viral replication, low MOI growth curves were performed on both MDCK-SIAT and primary differentiated human nasal epithelial cell cultures. In both cell cultures, A5a.2 yielded significantly reduced viral titers at multiple timepoints post-infection compared with A5a.1 or A5a. Receptor binding was then investigated through glycan array experiments which showed a reduction in receptor binding diversity for A5a.2, with fewer glycans bound and a higher percentage of total binding attributable to the top three highest bound glycans. Together these data indicate that the A5a.2 clade had a reduction in viral fitness, including reductions in receptor binding, that may have contributed to the limited prevalence observed after emergence.
Resting heart rate and antisocial behaviour: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Karwatowska Lucy , Frach Leonard , Schoeler Tabea , Tielbeek Jorim J. , Murray Joseph , de Geus Eco , Viding Essi , Pingault Jean-Baptiste
Published: June 2023

Observational studies frequently report phenotypic associations between low resting heart rate (RHR) and higher levels of antisocial behaviour (ASB), although it remains unclear whether this relationship reflects causality. To triangulate evidence, we conducted two-sample univariable Mendelian randomisation (MR), multivariable MR and linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analyses. Genetic data were accessed from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for RHR (n = 458,835) and ASB (n = 85,359) for the univariable analyses, along with a third GWAS for heart rate variability (HRV; n = 53,174) for all other analyses. Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with RHR (n = 278) were selected as instrumental variables and the outcome was a composite measure of ASB. No causal association was observed between RHR and ASB (BIVW =  − 0.0004, p = 0.841). The multivariable MR analyses including RHR and HRV also suggested no causal associations (BIVW = 0.016, p = 0.914) and no genetic correlations between the heart rate measures and ASB were observed using LDSC (rg = 0.057, p = 0.169). Sensitivity analyses suggested that our results are not likely to be affected by heterogeneity, pleiotropic effects, or reverse causation. These findings suggest that individual differences in autonomic nervous system functioning indexed by RHR are not likely to directly contribute to the development of ASB. Therefore, previously observed associations between RHR and ASB may arise from confounding, reverse causation, and/or additional study characteristics. Further causally informative longitudinal research is required to confirm our findings, and caution should be applied when using measures of RHR in interventions targeting ASB.
An innovative probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set MCDM perspective for selecting flexible packaging bags after the prohibition on single-use plastics
Authors: Jeon Jeonghwan , Krishnan Suvitha , Manirathinam Thangaraj , Narayanamoorthy Samayan , Nazir Ahmad Mohammad , Ferrara Massimiliano , Ahmadian Ali
Published: June 2023

The probabilistic hesitant elements (PHFEs) are a beneficial augmentation to the hesitant fuzzy element (HFE), which is intended to give decision-makers more flexibility in expressing their biases while using hesitant fuzzy information. To extrapolate a more accurate interpretation of the decision documentation, it is sufficient to standardize the organization of the elements in PHFEs without introducing fictional elements. Several processes for unifying and arranging components in PHFEs have been proposed so far, but most of them result in various disadvantages that are critically explored in this paper. The primary objective of this research is to recommend a PHFE unification procedure that avoids the deficiencies of operational practices while maintaining the inherent properties of PHFE probabilities. The prevailing study advances the hypothesis of permutation on PHFEs by suggesting a new sort of PHFS division and subtraction compared with the existing unification procedure. Eventually, the proposed PHFE-unification process will be used in this study, an innovative PHFEs based on the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method–Analytic Hierarchy Process (WASPAS–AHP) perspective for selecting flexible packaging bags after the prohibition on single-use plastics. As a result, we have included the PHFEs-WASPAS in our selection of the most effective fuzzy environment for bio-plastic bags. The ranking results for the suggested PHFEs-MCDM techniques surpassed the existing AHP methods in the research study by providing the best solution. Our solutions offer the best bio-plastic bag alternative strategy for mitigating environmental impacts.
Facile synthesis of spongy NiCo2O4 powders for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Mahboubi H. , Masoudpanah S. M. , Alamolhoda S. , Hasheminiasari M.
Published: June 2023

Spongy NiCo2O4powders were prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method for lithium ions storage. The effects of combustion parameters including fuel type (l-lysine, glycine, and urea) and fuel amount on the lithium storage performance of NiCo2O4powders were analyzed by various characterization techniques. Single-phase NiCo2O4powders with extremely porous microstructure showed a strong drop of initial specific capacity up to 350 mAhg−1which was recovered up to 666 mAhg−1following 100 charge/discharge cycles. However, the NiCo2O4powders prepared by the urea andl-lysine fuels with the compacted microstructure showed the capacity loss without any recovery. The spongy NiCo2O4powders showed an acceptable capability rate performance (404 mAhg−1@ 400 mAg−1).
Early Cretaceous lepidosaur (sphenodontian?) burrows
Authors: Melchor Ricardo , Perez Mariano , Villegas Pablo , Espinoza Nahuel , Umazano Aldo , Cardonatto M. Cristina
Published: June 2023

Scarce fossil tetrapod burrows have been recorded in Cretaceous rocks, which is probably linked to the dominant equable climates that existed for most of this period. The occurrence of Cretaceous tetrapod burrows from Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina) dated between 118 and 115 million years ago, gives insights into their paleoecology and paleoenvironment. The rocks containing the tetrapod burrows are of pyroclastic origin and represent eolian dunes and ash-fall deposits, some reworked by fluvial currents and others showing soil development. Fossil burrow casts preserved in a paleosol are composed by a ramp with a slightly curved or straight path in plan-view and lacking bifurcation, a rounded termination with no enlargement, showing a reniform cross-section, and are assigned to the ichnospeciesReniformichnus katikatii.The strongly flattened cross-sectional shape of the burrow casts and comparison with modern lizard burrows suggest that the producers were lepidosaurs (body mass = 50–323 g). Among Cretaceous fossorial lepidosaurs from Patagonia, the best candidate is an eilenodontine sphenodontian. Sphenodontians burrowed in the fossil soils where also arthropods, earthworms and shrubby plants thrived. The rare occurrence of tetrapod burrows in Cretaceous rocks is linked to stressing conditions related to frequent arrival of volcanic ash and a semiarid seasonal climate.
Absorbance biosensors-based hybrid $$\mathbf {MoS_{2}}$$ nanosheets for Escherichia coli detection
Authors: Nguyen Son Hai , Vu Phan Kim Thi , Tran Mai Thi
Published: June 2023

Detecting Escherichia coli is essential in biomedical, environmental, and food safety applications. In this paper, we have developed a simple, rapid, sensitive, and selective E. coli DNA sensor based on the novel hybrid-type $$\text {MoS}_\text {2}$$

MoS
2

and $$\mathrm {(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24}}$$

(

NH
4

)

6

Mo
7

O
24

nanosheets. The sensor uses the absorbance measurement to distinguish among the DNA of E. coli, Vibrio proteolyticus, and Bacillus subtilis when implemented in conjunction with $$\text {NH}_\text {2}$$

NH
2

-probes. Our experiments showed that the absorbance increased when sensors detected E. coli DNA, whereas it decreased when sensors detected V. proteolyticus and B. subtilis DNA. To the best of authors’ knowledge, there are no reports using the novel hybrid-$$\mathrm {MoS_2}$$

MoS
2

and $$\mathrm {(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24}}$$

(

NH
4

)

6

Mo
7

O
24

materials for differentiating three types of DNA using cost-effective and rapid absorbance measurements. In addition, the label-free E. coli DNA biosensor exhibited a linear response in the range of 0 fM to 11.65 fM with a limit of detection of 2 fM. The effect of $$\text {NH}_\text {2}$$

NH
2

-probes on our sensors’ working performance is also investigated. Our results will facilitate further research in pathogen detection applications, which have not been fully developed yet.
Cellular senescence in white matter microglia is induced during ageing in mice and exacerbates the neuroinflammatory phenotype
Authors: Matsudaira Tatsuyuki , Nakano Sosuke , Konishi Yusuke , Kawamoto Shimpei , Uemura Ken , Kondo Tamae , Sakurai Koki , Ozawa Takaaki , Hikida Takatoshi , Komine Okiru , Yamanaka Koji , Fujita Yuki , Yamashita Toshihide , Matsumoto Tomonori , Hara Eiji
Published: June 2023

Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell-cycle arrest caused by a variety of cellular stresses, is critically involved in age-related tissue dysfunction in various organs. However, the features of cells in the central nervous system that undergo senescence and their role in neural impairment are not well understood as yet. Here, through comprehensive investigations utilising single-cell transcriptome analysis and various mouse models, we show that microglia, particularly in the white matter, undergo cellular senescence in the brain and spinal cord during ageing and in disease models involving demyelination. Microglial senescence is predominantly detected in disease-associated microglia, which appear in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. We also find that commensal bacteria promote the accumulation of senescent microglia and disease-associated microglia during ageing. Furthermore, knockout ofp16INK4a, a key senescence inducer, ameliorates the neuroinflammatory phenotype in damaged spinal cords in mice. These results advance our understanding of the role of cellular senescence in the central nervous system and open up possibilities for the treatment of age-related neural disorders.
Optical conductivity and orbital magnetization of Floquet vortex states
Authors: Ahmadabadi Iman , Dehghani Hossein , Hafezi Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Motivated by recent experimental demonstrations of Floquet topological insulators, there have been several theoretical proposals for using structured light, either spatial or spectral, to create other properties such as flat bands and vortex states. In particular, the generation of vortex states in a massive Dirac fermion insulator irradiated by light carrying nonzero orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been proposed. Here, we evaluate the orbital magnetization and optical conductivity as physical observables for such a system. We show that the OAM of light induces nonzero orbital magnetization and current density. The orbital magnetization density increases linearly as a function of the OAM degree. In certain regimes, we find that orbital magnetization density is independent of the system size, width, and Rabi frequency of light. It is shown that the orbital magnetization arising from our Floquet theory is large and can be probed by magnetometry measurements. Furthermore, we study the optical conductivity for various types of electron transitions between different states such as vortex, edge, and bulk that are present in the system. Based on the peaks in conductance, a scheme for the detection of vortex states is proposed.
Satisfaction with urban trees associates with tree canopy cover and tree visibility around the home
Authors: Ordóñez Camilo , Labib S. M. , Chung Lincoln , Conway Tenley M.
Published: June 2023

Many world cities want to expand the number of urban trees. How this expansion occurs should consider what people expect from trees based on how they experience and perceive these trees. Therefore, we need a better understanding of how people perceptually respond to urban tree abundance. This research examined whether people’s satisfaction with urban trees and satisfaction with the management of those trees were related to objective measures of greenery such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), percent tree canopy cover, and the Viewshed Greenness Visibility Index (VGVI) for trees. We used a demographically and geographically representative survey of 223 residents in Toronto, Canada, and calculated NDVI, canopy cover, and VGVI at three neighbourhood sizes. We analysed the data using generalized linear regression. We found that canopy cover and VGVI had a positive association with satisfaction with urban trees. The associations were comparatively stronger at larger neighbourhood scales than at smaller scales. There were no statistically significant associations with NDVI or satisfaction with the management of urban trees.
Dirac nodal arc in 1T-VSe2
Authors: Yilmaz Turgut , Jiang Xuance , Lu Deyu , Sheverdyaeva Polina M. , Matetskiy Andrey V. , Moras Paolo , Mazzola Federico , Vobornik Ivana , Fujii Jun , Evans-Lutterodt Kenneth , Vescovo Elio
Published: June 2023

Transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit many fascinating properties including superconductivity, magnetic orders, and charge density wave. The combination of these features with a non-trivial band topology opens the possibility of additional exotic states such as Majorana fermions and quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, we report on photon-energy and polarization dependent spin-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments on single crystal 1T-VSe2, revealing an unexpected band inversion and emergent Dirac nodal arc with spin-momentum locking. Density functional theory calculations suggest a surface lattice strain could be the driving mechanism for the topologically nontrivial electronic structure of 1T-VSe2.
Rapidly adaptable automated interpretation of point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostics
Authors: Arumugam Siddarth , Ma Jiawei , Macar Uzay , Han Guangxing , McAulay Kathrine , Ingram Darrell , Ying Alex , Chellani Harshit Harpaldas , Chern Terry , Reilly Kenta , Colburn David A. M. , Stanciu Robert , Duffy Craig , Williams Ashley , Grys Thomas , Chang Shih-Fu , Sia Samuel K.
Published: June 2023

Background

Point-of-care diagnostic devices, such as lateral-flow assays, are becoming widely used by the public. However, efforts to ensure correct assay operation and result interpretation rely on hardware that cannot be easily scaled or image processing approaches requiring large training datasets, necessitating large numbers of tests and expert labeling with validated specimens for every new test kit format.

Methods

We developed a software architecture called AutoAdapt POC that integrates automated membrane extraction, self-supervised learning, and few-shot learning to automate the interpretation of POC diagnostic tests using smartphone cameras in a scalable manner. A base model pre-trained on a single LFA kit is adapted to five different COVID-19 tests (three antigen, two antibody) using just 20 labeled images.

Results

Here we show AutoAdapt POC to yield 99% to 100% accuracy over 726 tests (350 positive, 376 negative). In a COVID-19 drive-through study with 74 untrained users self-testing, 98% found image collection easy, and the rapidly adapted models achieved classification accuracies of 100% on both COVID-19 antigen and antibody test kits. Compared with traditional visual interpretation on 105 test kit results, the algorithm correctly identified 100% of images; without a false negative as interpreted by experts. Finally, compared to a traditional convolutional neural network trained on an HIV test kit, the algorithm showed high accuracy while requiring only 1/50th of the training images.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates how rapid domain adaptation in machine learning can provide quality assurance, linkage to care, and public health tracking for untrained users across diverse POC diagnostic tests.
Glowstick-inspired smartphone-readable reporters for sensitive, multiplexed lateral flow immunoassays
Authors: Brosamer Kristen , Kourentzi Katerina , Willson Richard C. , Vu Binh V.
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased demand for point-of-care (POC) screening tests such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) and highlighted the need for sensitive and cost-effective POC diagnostic platforms. Here, we demonstrate an LFA platform using standard fluorescent nanoparticle reporters in which optical excitation is replaced by chemical excitation using the peroxyoxalate-based chemistry of inexpensive, shelf-stable glowsticks. The one-step chemi-excitation of fluorescent particles produces visible light readable by an unmodified smartphone, enhancing sensitivity while preserving simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Our Glow LFA detected the common model analyte human chorionic gonadotropin with a limit of detection (LoD) of 39 pg/mL—over ten times more sensitive than standard gold nanoparticles using the same antibodies. We also demonstrate its application to the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein at 100 pg/mL in nasal swab extract. Multiple fluorescent dyes can be chemi-excited by a single reagent, allowing for color multiplexing on a single LFA strip with a smartphone camera. The detection of three analytes on a single LFA test line was demonstrated using red, green, and blue fluorescent reporter particles, making glow LFA a promising platform for multiplexed detection.
Construction of a spheroid array culture system on a suspended permeable hydrogel membrane scaffold for improving the expression of a liver-specific drug-metabolizing enzyme of HepG2 cells
Authors: Tsuyukubo Atsushi , Morishita Kana , Kanamori Toshiyuki , Sumaru Kimio
Published: June 2023

We constructed a suspended spheroid array culture system on a flexible hydrogel membrane. This culture system enhanced the gene expression of a liver-specific drug-metabolizing enzyme of HepG2 cells compared to the conventional immobilized monolayer one.
Neural network potentials for reactive chemistry: CASPT2 quality potential energy surfaces for bond breaking
Authors: Hu Quin H. , Johannesen Andrew M. , Graham Daniel S. , Goodpaster Jason D.
Published: June 2023

Neural network potentials achieve CASPT2 accuracy for reactive chemistry and molecular simulations. Using transfer learning, these potentials require minimal CASPT2 data on small systems to accurately predict bond dissociation in larger systems.
The limit of macroscopic homogeneous ice nucleation at the nanoscale
Authors: Hayton John A. , Davies Michael B. , Whale Thomas F. , Michaelides Angelos , Cox Stephen J.
Published: June 2023

We investigate the extent to which the size of the critical nucleus and the rate at which it grows in thin films of water are affected by the thickness of the film.
Describing the adsorption of doxorubicin on a PAMAM dendrimer by ab initio calculations
Authors: de Oliveira Sobrinho Handriela Hoff , Eising Renato , Wrasse Ernesto Osvaldo
Published: June 2023

In this study we show that doxorubicin is adsorbed on PAMAM dendrimer, where the target molecule cis-aconitic improves the stability of the conjugated system.
Introducing high-valence molybdenum to stimulate lattice oxygen in a NiCo LDH cathode for chloride ion batteries
Authors: Yang Shuhan , Yin Qing , Song Zhihao , Xu Fan , Xie Zelin , Wu Yunjia , Xu Shilin , Li Yong-Zhi , Zhao Danyang , Xiao Bin , Xue Xiaolan , Qi Jiqiu , Sui Yanwei , Han Jingbin
Published: June 2023

MoNiCo-Cl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with rich oxygen vacancies are proposed as cathodes toward chloride ion batteries. Mo6+ can not only modulate the electronic properties at chloride adsorption sites, but improve the redox activity of LDHs.
Tandem oxidative and thermal cracking of polypropylene at low temperatures
Authors: Wei Xiangyue , Zhang Qiang , Shen Chengfeng , Zhao Xu , Zhang Fan , Liu Xuehui , Wu Gang , Xu Shimei , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: June 2023

Polypropylene was directly degraded to terminal functionalized chemicals at 80 °C for 5 min for potential application in surfactants or new plastics. A degradation mechanism of tandem oxidative and thermal cracking of polypropylene was proposed.
Ultra-stable silver nanoplates: efficient and versatile colorimetric reporters for dipstick assays
Authors: Retout Maurice , Gosselin Bryan , Adrović Amina , Blond Pascale , Jabin Ivan , Bruylants Gilles
Published: June 2023

Silver nanoplates exhibit fascinating plasmonic properties but are typically too unstable for use as colorimetric transducers. By utilizing a robust calixarene coating, highly sensitive multicolor multiplex assays based on these materials could be obtained.
Iodine doping induced activation of covalent organic framework cathodes for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Ren Guoying , Cai Fengshi , Wang Shoucheng , Luo Zhiqiang , Yuan Zhihao
Published: June 2023

An iodine doping flower-like DAAQ-based COF was prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal reaction. The prepared COF-I exhibited high intrinsic ion/electron transport and electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries.
Effect of pore mesostructure on the electrooxidation of glycerol on Pt mesoporous catalysts
Authors: Anil Athira , White Jai , Campos dos Santos Egon , Terekhina Irina , Johnsson Mats , Pettersson Lars G. M. , Cornell Ann , Salazar-Alvarez German
Published: June 2023

Valuable chemicals such as glycerate, in addition to hydrogen, can be obtained from the controlled electrooxidation of glycerol using suitable highly active, mesoporous platinum catalysts.
ACQ to AIE transformation of quinoline derivatives: modulating substituent electronic effects to alter excited-state reorganization energy distribution
Authors: Wang Longjie , Zhang Yuchen , Huang Xiangdi , Liu Yanxiong , Cheng Yi , Fan Wenwen , Zheng Liyan , Cao Qiue
Published: June 2023

In this manuscript, the conversion of quinoline derivatives from ACQ to AIE was achieved by modulating the quinoline substituents from EDG to EWG.
Tunable luminescence in Eu3+/Sm3+ single-doped LuNbO4 for optical thermometry and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Chen Yuqi , Xue Yu , Mao Qinan , Pei Lang , Ding Yang , Zhu Yiwen , Liu Meijiao , Zhong Jiasong
Published: June 2023

Tunable luminescence in Eu3+/Sm3+ single-doped self-activated fluorescent materials for optical thermometry and anti-counterfeiting.
A polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesised by halophilic archaeon Natrialba swarupiae
Authors: Rodge Seema Prabhudev , Dhanavade Maruti Jayram , Kajale Swapnil Chandrakant , Patil Niranjan Prakashrao
Published: June 2023

The present study focuses on investigating the ability of the haloarchaeal strain Natrialba swarupiae to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates. A homology model of PHA synthase was validated and molecular docking studies were carried out.
Automation of Language Sample Analysis
Authors: Liu Houjun , MacWhinney Brian , Fromm Davida , Lanzi Alyssa
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

A major barrier to the wider use of language sample analysis (LSA) is the fact that transcription is very time intensive. Methods that can reduce the required time and effort could help in promoting the use of LSA for clinical practice and research.

Method:

This article describes an automated pipeline, called Batchalign, that takes raw audio and creates full transcripts in Codes for the Human Analysis of Talk (CHAT) transcription format, complete with utterance- and word-level time alignments and morphosyntactic analysis. The pipeline only requires major human intervention for final checking. It combines a series of existing tools with additional novel reformatting processes. The steps in the pipeline are (a) automatic speech recognition, (b) utterance tokenization, (c) automatic corrections, (d) speaker ID assignment, (e) forced alignment, (f) user adjustments, and (g) automatic morphosyntactic and profiling analyses.

Results:

For work with recordings from adults with language disorders, six major results were obtained: (a) The word error rate was between 2.4% for controls and 3.4% for patients, (b) utterance tokenization accuracy was at the level reported for speakers without language disorders, (c) word-level diarization accuracy was at 93% for control participants and 83% for participants with language disorders, (d) utterance-level diarization accuracy based on word-level diarization was high, (e) adherence to CHAT format was fully accurate, and (f) human transcriber time was reduced by up to 75%.

Conclusion:

The pipeline dramatically shortens the time gap between data collection and data analysis and provides an output superior to that typically generated by human transcribers.
Mentoring Experiences of Faculty of Color in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Muñoz Maria L. , Horton RaMonda , Johnson Valerie E.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of faculty of color (FOC) in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) with a specific emphasis on mentoring or being mentored during doctoral training and as faculty. FOC experience a number of unique obstacles to achieve success in higher education, often as a result of engaging in predominantly white spaces at the university or broader professional levels. Mentoring is a commonly recommended strategy for the recruitment and retention of FOC; however, little is known about the mentoring experiences of FOC in CSD.

Method:

Sixteen FOC, primarily women in tenure-track positions, provided 46- to 60-min semistructured interviews related to their experiences in academia. Interviews were transcribed, and for the purposes of this study, comments related to mentoring were identified and coded. A narrative thematic analysis was used to generate themes and subthemes evident in the interviews.

Results:

Six themes emerged from the data analysis: types of mentoring, cultural dynamics of mentoring, institutional support, motivation, ineffective mentoring, and effective mentoring. While participants chose to emphasize different aspects of their experiences as FOC, the importance of mentoring was notable and there were marked similarities in their experiences with mentoring.

Conclusions:

The data in this study indicated that mentoring plays an important role in shaping one's career success and trajectory in the discipline and the academy. A number of conclusions and recommendations were drawn from the experiences shared by the FOC. Recommendations include creating an environment to talk about mentoring, formally developing mentoring programs, and providing support and structure to guide mentoring relationships.
Australia's Speech-Language Pathology Profession and Its Global Impact
Authors: McLeod Sharynne , McGill Nicole , Baldac Stacey , Mulcair Gail
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to describe the speech-language pathology profession in Australia and its global impact.

Conclusions:

Australia is known for its international collaboration in research, advocacy, leadership in practice (clinical) education and training of the workforce, innovations in technology for service delivery, and global partnerships. In Australia, speech-language pathologists are known asspeech pathologistswho have expertise in providing assessment and intervention to optimize communication and swallowing for people across the life span. Speech Pathology Australia (SPA) is the peak professional body in Australia and was founded in 1949. Speech pathology is a self-regulating profession, and SPA is recognized by the Australian government as the body that sets and maintains the standards for the profession. Members can hold Certified Practising Speech Pathologist (CPSP) status if they meet annual recency of practice and continuing professional development requirements. Not all speech pathologists are members of SPA. SPA has approximately 14,000 members; half are employed in private practices where services may be funded by government-funded schemes, private health insurance, or self-funded by service users. Most SPA members are female and the majority only speak English, with Cantonese being the most common other language spoken. TheProfessional Standards for Speech Pathologists in Australiaoutlines the knowledge, skills, and attributes for entry-level and practicing speech pathologists. SPA hosts an annual national conference and produces two journals:International Journal of Speech-Language PathologyandJournal of Clinical Practice in Speech-Language Pathology. SPA have committed to cultural responsiveness and privileging the voices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Communities, the First Peoples of Australia. SPA aspires to the provision of culturally safe speech pathology services for all people and supports the development of speech-language pathology in the Asia-Pacific region including Vietnam and Cambodia.
Physical properties of the Didymos system before and after the DART impact
Authors: Lin Zhong-Yi , Vincent Jean-Baptiste , Ip Wing-Huen
Published: June 2023

Context. On September 26, 2022, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) successfully changed the trajectory of the asteroid Dimorphos (i.e. 65803 Didymos I), a satellite circling (65803) Didymos.

Aims. We aim to characterize the consequence of this collision and derive the physical properties of the ejecta features based on ground-based observations in East Asia.

Methods. Filtered photometric observations were made between September 21 2022 (~5 days before DART impact) and January 5 2023 using the Lulin 1-m telescope to identify the taxonomy, size, and rotational period of Didymos. The Finson-Probstein dust dynamical models were used to determine the grain sizes (mm–cm) released after the DART impact and the date of the activity.

Results. We report a rapid increase in the brightness by about one order of magnitude after the impact, to be followed by a gradual 0.07 mag decrease over the first two weeks producing a relatively shallow brightness slope at the end of October. The size and rotation period at post-impact were 0.7−0.10+0.12 km and 2.27 h, respectively. The Principal Component Index (PCI), relative reflectance, and colors were all classified as S-complex. The Dydimos system became bluer after the collision before returning to its original color. The formation of a comet-like trail containing debris in the anti-sunward direction can be explained by expansion driven by the pressure of solar radiation. A Finson-Probstein modeling approach led to an estimate of the grain size in the mm-cm range. The splitting of the tail into two components is shown in the image acquired on October 12, which may possibly be interpreted as being due to the secondary impact of fallback ejecta about a week after DART.
The influence of planetesimal fragmentation on planet formation
Authors: Kaufmann Nicolas , Alibert Yann
Published: June 2023

Context. The effects of planetesimal fragmentation on planet formation have been studied via various models on single embryos, and have therefore mostly neglected concurrent effects in the outer disk. They show that planetesimal fragmentation can either hinder or aid planet formation, due to the introduction of competing effects, namely speeding up accretion and depleting the feeding zone of forming planets.

Aims. We investigate the influence of the collisional fragmentation of planetesimals on the planet formation process using a population synthesis approach. Our aim is to investigate its effects for a large set of initial conditions and also to explore the consequences on the formation of multiple embryos in the same disk.

Methods. We ran global planet formation simulations including fragmentation, drift, and an improved ice line description. To do this we used a fragmentation model in our code. The initial conditions for the simulations that are informed by observations are varied to generate synthetic exoplanet populations.

Results. Our synthetic populations show that depending on the typical size of solids generated in collisions, fragmentation in tandem with radial drift can either enhance or hinder planet formation. For larger fragments we see increased accretion throughout the populations especially beyond the ice line. However, the shorter drift timescale of smaller fragments, due to their stronger coupling to the gas, can hinder the formation process. Furthermore, beyond the ice line fragmentation promotes late growth when the damping by gas drag fades.

Conclusions. Fragmentation significantly affects the planet formation process in various ways for all types of planets and warrants further investigation.
Plastic litter in the oceans. Most of it has gone missing, but it might just be transformed… or transported
Authors: Mercier M. J. , Poulain-Zarcos M. , Ourmiéres Y. , Ghiglione J.F , ter Halle A.
Published: June 2023

The balance between the leakage and abundance of plastic in the world’s oceans remains a current topic of debate [1], which renders difficult the understanding of the cycle of plastic on Earth [2]. We discuss recent findings and their implications on the missing plastic waste paradigm.
A single ion immersed in an ultracold gas: from cold chemistry to impurity physics
Authors: Pérez-Ríos Jesús
Published: June 2023

A single ion in an ultracold gas is a versatile experimental platform to study interactions between charged and neutral particles in a controllable manner. When the gas density is large enough, a single ion can be viewed as an impurity in a sea of ultracold atoms or molecules. On the other hand, that single ion can also undergo a chemical reaction with atoms or molecules in the gas. This article discusses the dynamics of a charged impurity in an ultracold bath and the interplay between cold chemistry and impurity physics.
Valorization of apricot, melon, and watermelon by-products by extracting vegetable oils from their seeds and formulating margarine
Authors: Brahmi Fatiha , Chennit Boualem , Batrouni Houria , Benallaoua Kenza , Madani Khodir , Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila
Published: June 2023

Vegetable oils extracted from seeds and oleaginous fruits are a substantial source of bioactive compounds. In this study, oils of some fruit by-products were investigated and their composition and properties were compared. Apricot (ASO), melon (MSO), and watermelon (WSO) seed oils were extracted by cold pressing. The physico-chemical parameters and the contents of pigments were assessed using standard methods. The values of the physico-chemical parameters revealed the purity of the oils and it was recorded that the WSO has the best contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids, which were 12.43 ± 0.71 mg/kg of oil, and 1.35 ± 0.02 mg equivalent of β-carotene/g oil, respectively. In addition, the oils were analyzed by gas chromatography and their major fatty acids were linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic. The ASO revealed the highest antioxidant activity in the quenching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with inhibition percentage of 89.2 ± 2.3 after 30 minutes of contact. Likewise, the oils were explored for the fortification of margarine. The physicochemical parameters of the formulated margarines comply with the standards. The Rancimat test showed that the highest induction time (16.54 h) was assigned to margarine enriched with 150 μg/g of WSO. Hence, this oil can has numerous applications in other food industries.
Hooking the scientific community on thorny-headed worms: interesting and exciting facts, knowledge gaps and perspectives for research directions on Acanthocephala
Authors: Perrot-Minnot Marie-Jeanne , Cozzarolo Camille-Sophie , Amin Omar , Barčák Daniel , Bauer Alexandre , Filipović Marijić Vlatka , García-Varela Martín , Servando Hernández-Orts Jesús , Yen Le T.T. , Nachev Milen , Orosová Martina , Rigaud Thierry , Šariri Sara , Wattier Rémi , Reyda Florian , Sures Bernd
Published: June 2023

Although interest in Acanthocephala seems to have reached only a small community of researchers worldwide, we show in this opinion article that this group of parasites is composed of excellent model organisms for studying key questions in parasite molecular biology and cytogenetics, evolutionary ecology, and ecotoxicology. Their shared ancestry with free-living rotifers makes them an ideal group to explore the origins of the parasitic lifestyle and evolutionary drivers of host shifts and environmental transitions. They also provide useful features in the quest to decipher the proximate mechanisms of parasite-induced phenotypic alterations and better understand the evolution of behavioral manipulation. From an applied perspective, acanthocephalans’ ability to accumulate contaminants offers useful opportunities to monitor the impacts – and evaluate the possible mitigation – of anthropogenic pollutants on aquatic fauna and develop the environmental parasitology framework. However, exploring these exciting research avenues will require connecting fragmentary knowledge by enlarging the taxonomic coverage of molecular and phenotypic data. In this opinion paper, we highlight the needs and opportunities of research on Acanthocephala in three main directions: (i) integrative taxonomy (including non-molecular tools) and phylogeny-based comparative analysis; (ii) ecology and evolution of life cycles, transmission strategies and host ranges; and (iii) environmental issues related to global changes, including ecotoxicology. In each section, the most promising ideas and developments are presented based on selected case studies, with the goal that the present and future generations of parasitologists further explore and increase knowledge of Acanthocephala.
Blue prelude
Authors: Rakova-Carron Liuba
Published: June 2023

À partir de rencontres cliniques avec des patients ayant fait de très graves tentatives de suicide dans le contexte de séparation ou de mort de la personne aimée, le présent texte propose de réfléchir à différents types de travail psychique qui s’engagent face à la perte de l’objet et qui représentent des productions psychiques originales, prenant une place à part dans le continuum dessiné par Freud entre le deuil et la mélancolie. Trois ans d’observations cliniques et de travail nous amènent vers l’hypothèse selon laquelle la gravité du geste suicidaire des patients n’est pas forcément en lien avec la perte actuelle mais souvent liée à une autre perte plus ancienne que ces patients ont vécue sans parfois l’identifier en tant que telle, dans certains cas avec une dimension transgénérationnelle. À travers un réseau de souvenirs réapparus dans le transfert, ces anciennes pertes semblent donner un sens nouveau aux pertes actuelles et ouvrent un champ pour un travail élaboratif permettant de penser, rêver, associer et accéder aux conflits identificatoires inaccessibles jusqu’à présent.
Arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation (ARIF) for talar body fractures: systematic review
Authors: Cellier Nicolas , Sleth Camille , Bauzou François , Kouyoumdjian Pascal , Coulomb Remy
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically assess the available literature on the technique and results of arthroscopic reduction – internal fixation for displaced fractures of the talar body. Methods: A systematic review was made of the available literature on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database, including studies from January 1985 to July 2021. The literature search, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers. Surgical technique, perioperative management, clinical outcome scores, radiographic outcomes, and complication rates were evaluated. Results: Out of 37 articles reviewed, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies included reported on the results of 22 patients. No complications were observed in any of the patients treated. Conclusions: The included studies had too many weaknesses to allow the pooling of data or meta-analysis. However, percutaneous arthroscopic talar internal fixation appears to be a good option for uncomplicated displaced intra-articular talar fractures. Appropriately powered randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-ups are required to confirm the effectiveness of this technique. Level of Evidence: Level IV, a systematic review of Level IV studies.
Considerations for Optimal Grafting in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Dermody Sarah M. , Lindsay Robin W. , Justicz Natalie
Published: June 2023

A wide variety of grafting materials and techniques can be used to create functional and aesthetic changes in rhinoplasty. Choosing the optimal grafting approach is critical to achieving an optimal patient outcome. We present a review of autografts, allografts, and alloplasts used in primary and revision rhinoplasty and discuss factors that impact graft choice. Autologous grafts serve as the pillar for grafting material in rhinoplasty given their reliable long-term outcomes, low rates of infection, resorption, and extrusion, and ability to provide structural scaffolding as well as contour. Cadaveric allografts can be utilized as a source of grafting material in certain clinical scenarios including revision rhinoplasty and have been shown to be equally safe and effective as autologous grafts while avoiding donor-site morbidity. Alloplasts can prove useful in rhinoplasty in cases of iatrogenic nasal deformities or revision cases. Careful consideration of clinical scenario, patient factors, and outcome goals is necessary to choose the appropriate grafting approach to address functional and cosmetic outcomes.