bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How can we mainstream mental health in research engaging the range of Sustainable Development Goals? A theory of change
Authors: Madill Anna , Bhola Poornima , Colucci Erminia , Croucher Karina , Evans Adrian , Graber Rebecca
Published: August 2022

Mental health is a leading cause of ill-health worldwide, disproportionately affects low-and-middle-income countries and, increasingly, is considered relevant across the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence, we ask: How can we mainstream mental health in research engaging the range of SDGs? We use the UK Research and Innovation Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) as a case study. In a previous scoping review, we purposefully sampled non-mental health focused GCRF grants for diversity from 2015 until May-end 2020 (N = 36). In the present study, the principal investigator of each grant in this sample was invited to interview (11 accepting). Snowballing, our networks, and returning to the funding archive secured a further 15 interviews sampled for diversity (Final sample: 13 UK researchers and 13 of their overseas collaborators). A thematic analysis of this data organised key information into a trajectory from the challenges of incorporating mental health impact, to how these challenges might be overcome and, finally, to support needs. This analysis was then organised into a Theory of Change designed to promote the mainstreaming of mental health in global challenges research. We outline the implications for global challenges researchers, mental health practitioners, and global challenge research funders. One important implication is that we provide evidence to encourage funders to engage with the desire of researchers to contribute more broadly to the wellbeing of the communities with whom they work.
Increase in coercive measures in psychiatric hospitals in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Flammer Erich , Eisele Frank , Hirsch Sophie , Steinert Tilman
Published: August 2022

Objective

To examine whether the pandemic in 2020 caused changes in psychiatric hospital cases, the percentage of patients exposed to coercive interventions, and aggressive incidents.

Methods

We used the case registry for coercive measures of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg, comprising case-related data on mechanical restraint, seclusion, physical restraint, and forced medication in each of the State’s 31 licensed hospitals treating adults, to compare data from 2019 and 2020.

Results

The number of cases in adult psychiatry decreased by 7.6% from 105,782 to 97,761. The percentage of involuntary cases increased from 12.3 to 14.1%, and the absolute number of coercive measures increased by 4.7% from 26,269 to 27,514. The percentage of cases exposed to any kind of coercive measure increased by 24.6% from 6.5 to 8.1%, and the median cumulative duration per affected case increased by 13.1% from 12.2 to 13.8 hrs, where seclusion increased more than mechanical restraint. The percentage of patients with aggressive incidents, collected in 10 hospitals, remained unchanged.

Conclusions

While voluntary cases decreased considerably during the pandemic, involuntary cases increased slightly. However, the increased percentage of patients exposed to coercion is not only due to a decreased percentage of voluntary patients, as the duration of coercive measures per case also increased. The changes that indicate deterioration in treatment quality were probably caused by the multitude of measures to manage the pandemic. The focus of attention and internal rules as well have shifted from prevention of coercion to prevention of infection.
Data-driven head motion correction for PET using time-of-flight and positron emission particle tracking techniques
Authors: Tumpa Tasmia Rahman , Acuff Shelley N. , Gregor Jens , Bradley Yong , Fu Yitong , Osborne Dustin R.
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Positron emission tomography (PET) is susceptible to patient movement during a scan. Head motion is a continuing problem for brain PET imaging and diagnostic assessments. Physical head restraints and external motion tracking systems are most commonly used to address to this issue. Data-driven methods offer substantial advantages, such as retroactive processing but typically require manual interaction for robustness. In this work, we introduce a time-of-flight (TOF) weighted positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) algorithm that facilitates fully automated, data-driven head motion detection and subsequent automated correction of the raw listmode data.

Materials methods

We used our previously published TOF-PEPT algorithm Dustin Osborne et al. (2017), Tasmia Rahman Tumpa et al., Tasmia Rahman Tumpa et al. (2021) to automatically identify frames where the patient was near-motionless. The first such static frame was used as a reference to which subsequent static frames were registered. The underlying rigid transformations were estimated using weak radioactive point sources placed on radiolucent glasses worn by the patient. Correction of raw event data were achieved by tracking the point sources in the listmode data which was then repositioned to allow reconstruction of a single image. To create a “gold standard” for comparison purposes, frame-by-frame image registration based correction was implemented. The original listmode data was used to reconstruct an image for each static frame detected by our algorithm and then applying manual landmark registration and external software to merge these into a single image.

Results

We report on five patient studies. The TOF-PEPT algorithm was configured to detect motion using a 500 ms window. Our event-based correction produced images that were visually free of motion artifacts. Comparison of our algorithm to a frame-based image registration approach produced results that were nearly indistinguishable. Quantitatively, Jaccard similarity indices were found to be in the range of 85-98% for the former and 84-98% for the latter when comparing the static frame images with the reference frame counterparts.

Discussion

We have presented a fully automated data-driven method for motion detection and correction of raw listmode data. Easy to implement, the approach achieved high temporal resolution and reliable performance for head motion correction. Our methodology provides a mechanism by which patient motion incurred during imaging can be assessed and corrected post hoc.
Patient safety error reporting program for future undergraduate nursing education: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Song Mi Ok , Yun So Young , Jang Aeri
Published: August 2022

Patient safety error reporting education is instrumental in promoting a culture of safety where health-care providers learn from errors and prevent such problems from being repeated. The proposed scoping review aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of how patient error reporting education has been implemented in undergraduate nursing education and present a direction for developing a future patient safety reporting program. The proposed scoping review protocol will be conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework, following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. It will be reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols (PRISMA-P), and a full scoping review will be reported according to PRISMA extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR). In the scoping review, studies published in any language and where the participants were undergraduate nursing students were included. In addition, the search period will not be limited, and the following databases will be used to search for relevant studies: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Excerpta Medica databases (EMBASE). Moreover, this scoping review does not include unpublished studies or gray literature. Two reviewers will independently review titles and abstracts to evaluate inclusion and exclusion criteria, and primary literature will be selected. Two reviewers will independently assess the full text of selected primary literature in detail against the study criteria.
Dynamics of aboveground phytomass in the communities of the Ob River forest-steppe and Northern Kulunda during protective regime
Authors: Zvereva G. K.
Published: August 2022

The formation of the herbage of plant communities depends on the natural and climatic features of the area and the modes of their economic use. In 2013-2021, the comparison of dynamics of aboveground phytomass in steppe and meadow communities of Western Siberia at an absolute protective regime was carried out. The state of vegetation was studied on the territory of the Novosibirsk region on the example of two communities of the steppe meadow (the right-bank part of the Ob River forest-steppe) and two communities of the solonetzic steppe (the northern part of the Kulunda steppe). The vegetation cover was described according to the standard geobotanical techniques. It is shown that at an absolute protective regime of meadow communities, along with weather conditions, the considerable impact on the condition of the herbage is significantly affected by the excessive accumulation of plant litter, which reaches up to 57-77 % of the total aboveground phytomass. This leads to decrease in the density and mass of green shoots, while the overgrowth of weed plant species is often observed. The meteorological conditions of separate years have the main impact on formation of the aboveground phytomass of solonetzic steppes. Both in dry and highly humid years, the participation of grasses in the herbage decreases and the role of salt-tolerant forbs, as well as sagebrushs and especially Halimione verrucifera, increases.
Loop-and-Let-Go: Treatment of a Large Colonic Lipoma After Unsuccessful Unroofing
Authors: Huang Cherry , Steinhauser Christina , Bush Allison , Laczek Jeffrey
Published: August 2022

Gastrointestinal lipomas are benign subepithelial tumors arising from adipose tissue. Most colonic lipomas are clinically silent and do not require intervention. However, if the lipomas are large or symptomatic, removal can be considered. Of the endoscopic techniques available, endoscopic ligation, also known as “loop-and-let-go,” provides a safe and easy alternative to other endoscopic therapies and does not require any specialized equipment or advanced training. We describe a case of a patient found to have large colonic lipoma that recurred after endoscopic unroofing but was successfully treated with “loop-and-let-go.”
Phenotypes of immune status in children with recurrent respiratory infections
Authors: Povorova O. , Titova N.
Published: August 2022

We have observed 98 children and evaluated certain laboratory parameters, including cell counts of peripheral blood, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, the concentration of the C3 and the C4 components of the complement, immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE) and circulating immune complexes of the serum. Leukocyte markers of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD19+, CD3-CD56+, CD3+CD56+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+HLA-DR were determined by flow cytometry. In the group with reccurent respiratory infections, abnormalities of the humoral aspect of immunity were determined in 53.1% of children, with depressed IgA levels being present in 37.76% and a decrease in IgG – in 13.27%, IgE hyperproduction - in 11% (p <0,05). We have identified the main phenotypes of the immune status in children with reccurent respiratory infections – allergic – in 14.3%, immunodeficient – in 27.6%, infectious - in 6.1%, infectious-allergic – in 6.1% of children. Decrease in the level of B-lymphocytes and T-helper lymphocytes was found with a frequency of 16.39% each. 17.72 and 29.1% of children, respectively, had decreased indicators of the phagocytic index and phagocytic number, the C3 complement component levels were reduced in 8.75% of children, and 8.2% of children had a lower counts of NK cells (CD3-CD16 + CD56 +).
Proinflammatory cytokines as predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Authors: Zhuravleva L. , Novikova V. , Derkach Yu.
Published: August 2022

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an actual problem in pediatrics due to significant morbidity and high disability. Currently, there is no doubt that the immune system plays a leading role in the pathogenesis, clinical course and outcome of respiratory disorders and the development of BPD in children. The aim of this study was to determine the level of inflammatory indicator (CRP), pro- [interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in blood and tracheal aspirates to predict the subsequent development of BPD in premature babies. Material and methods. The cytokine status in blood serum and tracheal aspirate (TA) was studied in 47 children with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), congenital pneumonia, and infection specific to the perinatal period with predominant lung involvement. All children with respiratory disorders were premature with a gestational age of 28–35 weeks, and weigh 890–2180 grams at birth. Of the 47 preterm infants initially enrolled in the study, 18 developed BPD and 29 did not. Results. Infants who developed BPD had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight than infants without BPD at follow-up. In newborns, there was an imbalance between the pools of cytokines in the peripheral blood and tracheal aspirate (TA). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines on the third day (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and CRP were significantly higher, and the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) were significantly lower in the BPD group compared with those who did not develop BPD. Our study also determined the threshold levels of cytokines in blood samples and TA for predicting BPD. The most significant indicators were determined for the levels of IL-6 (≥926 pg/ml) in serum and IL-6 (≥763.5 pg/ml) and TNF-α (≥195.9 pg/ml) in TA samples. We propose to use these thresholds to predict the development of BPD.
Multidrug resistance to fluconazole, amphotericin B and antiseptic miramistin in Candida spp. isolated from patients with various pathology in region of Crimea
Authors: Krivorutchenko Yu. , Kirsanova M. , Postnikova O. , Andronovskaja I. , Sheiko E.
Published: August 2022

To overcome spreading of multidrug resistance to antimycotics in yeast fungi using combination therapy, it is necessary to monitor the sensitivity of clinical fungal isolates to antifungal drugs and antiseptics. The aim of this work was to study multidrug resistance to fluconazole (FLU), amphotericin B (AMB) and antiseptic miramistin (MST) in Candida fungi isolated from patients with various pathologies in Crimea in 2010-2016. Material and methods. The sensitivity of 25 clinical isolates of fungi species C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, C. lusitaniae, C. tropicalis, C. famata, C. guillermondii, C. kefir and C. krusei to FLU, AMB and MST was determined by using disk diffusion method, serial dilution method, and quantitative suspension test according to the rate of inactivation of fungi, respectively. Results. 72% of isolates were resistant to FLU, 20% – to AMB, and 32% of isolates – to MST. 20% of fungal isolates belonging to the Non-albicans type were susceptible to all drugs tested. 40% of isolates were resistant to one drug. 40% of isolates were poly-resistant. C. albicans resistant to FLU and AMB or FLU and MST accounted for 20% of isolates. The isolates of C. dubliniensis and C. lusitaniae were resistant to FLU and MST, and one isolate of C. krusei was resistant to AMB and MST. One C. tropicalis isolate was resistant to all the drugs. Conclusion. In a significant part of the yeast fungi, circulating in Crimean patients, multidrug resistance to FLU, AMB and MST antiseptic is widespread. In 36% of fungal isolates, the poly-resistance spectra included resistance to two drugs and partially overlapped: to FLU and AMB – 2 isolates, to FLU and MST – 6 isolates, to AMB and miramistin – one isolate. One isolate of C. tropicalis showed resistance to all three drugs, which indicates the risk of further broadening the spectrum of multidrug resistance in pathogenic yeasts.
Secretory abzyme IgA, enzymes and DNA of oral fluid in chronic periodontitis
Authors: Korotina O. , Generalov I.
Published: August 2022

Catalytic abzyme activity of IgA and corresponding enzymes of oral fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis was studied. The individuals with healthy state of oral cavity were used as controls. Various kinds of proteolytic, oxidoreductase, and DNase activity were investigated; the concentarion of oral fluid DNA was evaluated as well. IgA fractions were isolated from the oral fluids by affinity chromatography on a matrix with polyclonal antibodies against human IgA, Elastase, proteolytic, cathepsin-like and amidase activities were investigated by colorimetric methods. DNase activity was assessed by the rivanol clot test. DNA concentrations in the oral fluid were determined by fluorimetric DNA test with PicoGreen fluorochrome. It has been established that certain kinds of IgA abzyme activities and oral fluid enzymes become substantially elevated following the exacerbations of chronic periodontitis in comparison with healthy controls (p<0.01-0.001). It refers to elastase, peroxidase, cathepsin, and catalase activity of oral cavity. The progression of chronic periodontitis is also characterized by high levels of patients’ DNA contents in oral fluid (p<0.001). For the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis the ROC-analysis of examined laboratory markers found the maximum diagnostic value of oral elastase testing (specificity of the test – 0,97; sensitivity – 0,85).
The cell wall as a mediator of the pathogenic activity of fungi of the genus Candida sp.
Authors: Enoktaeva O. , Nikolenko M. , Trushnikov D. , Baryshnikova N.
Published: August 2022

The study of the chemical composition of the cell wall of fungi of the genus Candida sp. is an actual trend in modern medicine, allowing the development of new methods for the treatment of candidiasis. The polysaccharides mannan, glucan, and chitin form the framework of the cell wall, inside and on the surface of which proteins and other molecules are present. The components of the cell wall perform a wide range of functions: protect the contents of the cell from external factors; provide nutrition, respiration, reproduction and formation of cells of various morphologies; mediate the pathogenic properties of fungi, including biofilm formation, spread, and the ability to modulate the host's immune response.
COVID-19 and mucormycosis
Authors: Lipnitsky A. , Polovets N. , Surkova R. , Murugova A. , Toporkov A. , Victorov D.
Published: August 2022

Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive disease caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a global emerging threat. More than 40 000 CAM cases have been reported in India. Emergense of CAM has been attributed to host, environmental and agents-related factors. Mucorales spore burden has been reported globally, however their presence is higher in tropical countries, such as India. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with diabetes mellitus, hematological malignancies, solid organ transplants, corticosteroid therapy and neutropenia were more prone to mucormycosis. In COVID-19 patients, virus-induced endothelial dysfunction, hyperglycemia, and immune dysfunction following corticosteroid use. COVID-19 infection may directly induce hyperglycaemia by damaging beta cells of the pancreas or by corticosteroid therapy. In addition, corticosteroid treatment reduces the innate immune function of phagocytic cells. Free iron acquisition from the host is an important virulence factor of Mucorales.
Comparison of methods for the diagnosis of H.pylori in gastric biopsy specimens from patients with different gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Tereshchenko V.
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a comparison of cultural and rapid urease tests for the detection of H.pylori presence with PCR in biopsy specimens from patients diagnosed with gastroduodenitis, chronic gastritis, duodenitis and reflux oesophagitis. In general, there was a trend towards more false positive results when using the rapid urease testing method and false negatives when using the cultural method is used, but this pattern was statistically significant only for the diagnoses of gastroduodenitis (for all methods) and chronic gastritis (there was no statistically significant difference between PCR and the cultural method). A prognostic model was constructed to determine the effect of the test method on the outcome.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of macrolides (literature review)
Authors: Skryabina A. , Nikiforov V. , Shakhmardanov M. , Zastrozhin M. , Sychev D.
Published: August 2022

The aim of this research is to systematize scientific data on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of macrolides. Macrolides are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat a wide range of both topical and systemic infectious diseases. Despite the fact that macrolide use is generally considered to be safe, in a number of patients it can be associated with dose-dependent adverse drug reactions (ADRs), reducing the safety of therapy in these patients. Knowledge of the peculiarities of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics of macrolides is necessary to assess the effect of genetically determined activity of cytochrome isoenzymes of the P450 system on plasma concentration, efficacy and safety of antibiotics from this group. This will make it possible to develop approaches to personalizing the selection of an effective and safe dose of macrolides based on the clinical and biological parameters of the patient. Results: it was found that genotypic variability affects both the transport of macrolides and their metabolism. It has been shown that polymorphism of a number of candidate genes can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of macrolides, which may explain the differences in the efficacy and safety of therapy in different patients.
Selection of the most immunogenic antigen for DNA vaccination against neuroblastoma
Authors: Stegantseva M. , Shinkevich V. , Tumar E. , Vashkevich E. , Meleshko A.
Published: August 2022

Evaluation of the antigen immunogenicity is one of the initial steps in selecting an effective target for antitumor vaccination. This is most relevant for tumors that have no specific markers or have a weak mutational status like neuroblastoma. The purpose of this study is to select the most immunogenic antigen for DNA vaccination against neuroblastoma and to conduct a comparative analysis of predictive programs and a mouse model. To assess the immunogenicity C57Bl/6 female mice 8-10 weeks of age (n=25) were used. The mice received two vaccinations with a DNA construct based on tyrosine hydroxylase, Birc5, and Phox2b antigens. On the 28th day, the spleens were removed and the cytotoxic activity of splenocytes and the level of production ofIFNγ were assessed. The highest levels of cytotoxic activity (18.4%) and IFNγ (60% of those responding to stimulation) were observed after vaccination with Phox2b. Thus, the most immunogenic antigen according to IEDB showed the best results in the mouse model and can be further used for DNA vaccination in neuroblastoma.
Features of the clinic and course of cutaneous and sexually transmitted diseases in HIV infected patients from the Volgograd region of Russia
Authors: Serdyukova E. , Shchava S.
Published: August 2022

HIV infection still remains an urgent problem of modern medicine. The incidence has continued to rise in recent years. The variety of clinical manifestations of the infection, not pathognomonic in the early stages, leads to misdiagnosis for an extended time period. The aim of the study was to assess the structure of skin diseases and sexually transmitted diseases in patients with HIV infections in the Volgograd region, to identify the features of the clinic and the course of these pathologies. A retrospective analysis of case histories of 306 HIV-infected patients who applied for medical care to dermatological institutions in Volgograd over the past 5 years was carried out. The authors describe the diverse features of the clinic, the course of skin diseases, syphilis and urogenital infections in patients with HIV infection. Knowledge of these signs of related specialties will allow for doctors to avoid treatment, diagnostic and tactical errors and will contribute to the early diagnosis of HIV infection and skin diseases and sexually transmitted diseases alike.
Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection in sepsis and severe bacterial comorbidity
Authors: Gorbachev V. , Dmitrachenko T. , Semenov V. , Egorov S.
Published: August 2022

Cytomegalovirus is a frequent contributor to the infectious process in critically ill patients and may contribute to the clinical outcome of the disease. This study aimed to determine the presence and frequency of HCMV reactivation and contributing factors in critically ill patients with severe bacterial comorbidity. Plasma and sputum samples were collected from 82 patients to determine the frequency of reactivation. HCMV reactivation was determined by the detection of HCMV DNA along with the presence of IgG to HCMV. HCMV reactivation was detected in 36.6% of cases. The presence of sepsis was associated with a higher probability of HCMV reactivation (p<0.01), as well as higher HCMV viral loads both in the blood and sputum of patients in these groups. An association between the presence of HCMV in biological fluids and subsequent development of sepsis in patients with severe bacterial pathology (OR=1.5) was detected.
Un debate pertinente en la pospandemia ¿sostenibilidad o sustentabilidad del desarrollo territorial?
Authors: Guardiola Ibarra Aroldo Eliecer
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se identifican las diferencias a propósito de conceptos asociados al desarrollo como lo son sostenibilidad o sustentabilidad ambiental. Se da cuenta del debate entre las concepciones sobre el crecimiento económico de los enfoques económicos-políticos neoclásicos, y las críticas a estos enfoques por parte de Georgescu-Roegen, Rene Passet, Enrique Leff, Manfred Mc Neef y Philippe Smith, al igual que las consideraciones de Edgar Morin sobre las lecciones de la pandemia. Y se Toma, como corolario, estas reflexiones en debate para abordar el tema de la sustentabilidad del desarrollo territorial, asignándole a la dimensión ambiental y a las estrategias de la educación intercultural un papel preponderante.
Prácticas de inmovilidad y movilidad en pandemia: experiencias cotidianas de habitantes de Temuco (Chile)
Authors: Riquelme Brevis Hernán , Lazo Corvalán Alejandra , Peña Axt Juan Carlos
Published: August 2022

Durante el último tiempo, las ciudades de Chile han sido afectadas por las restricciones de movilidad impuestas por las autoridades con el objetivo de frenar el avance de la COVID-19. Considerando esta problemática, el artículo se enfoca en la percepción de habitantes de Temuco, como una de las primeras ciudades del país en afrontar la cuarentena total, respecto a las transformaciones experimentadas a partir de las medidas políticas de limitación de movilidad. Desde un diseño metodológico cualitativo, se analizó la percepción de algunos habitantes en relación con los cambios generados en sus rutinas cotidianas producto de la emergencia de inmovilidades, lo cual se relaciona directamente con la comprensión de la movilidad como una práctica central de las ciudades contemporáneas. Dentro de los hallazgos, destaca la inmovilidad como una categoría que implica diversas encrucijadas cotidianas en las personas, el papel de la movilidad como categoría central para el desarrollo de la vida social, las transformaciones en los hábitos diarios de las personas y, por último, la necesidad de reflexionar el derecho a la movilidad de las personas desde los territorios.
Revisión sistemática sobre la aplicación de proyectos de responsabilidad social empresarial en salud en Colombia y Suramérica de 2011 a 2020
Authors: Páez Romero Ana María , Madera María Angélica , Betancur Rojas Liseth Yurany
Published: August 2022

En este estudio se encontrará una revisión sistemática sobre responsabilidad social empresarial centrada en el sector salud. Objetivo: Analizar la aplicación de proyectos de responsabilidad social empresarial en salud por medio de la revisión de material bibliográfico en un periodo de tiempo de 2011 a 2020 en Suramérica identificando los beneficios de esta en el ámbito de la administración. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación con enfoque cualitativo, tipo de estudio descriptivo en el cual se analizó la información documentada sobre responsabilidad social empresarial en salud y la aplicación de dichos programas. Resultados: Se realizó el análisis de la información encontrando que a nivel de Latinoamérica a pesar que desde hace mucho tiempo se ha venido hablando y abordando el tema de responsabilidad social en salud hace falta mayor aplicación de esta para que mayor cantidad poblacional se beneficie de estos proyectos. Discusión: la responsabilidad social empresarial en salud es un tema que se ha venido mencionando y aplicando desde ya hace unos años sin embargo en términos de aplicación es importante resaltar que a nivel de Colombia y Suramérica son pocas las instituciones que desarrollan dichos programas y benefician a poblaciones vulnerables. Conclusiones: A pesar de que los proyectos de responsabilidad social en salud generan beneficios positivos a nivel institucional y poblacional, es de vital importancia generar mayores procesos de sensibilización que conlleven al desarrollo, implementación y análisis de dichos programas esto con el fin de que un mayor porcentaje poblacional se vea beneficiado.
Maturation rate of sheep oocytes cultured in suboptimal environment using CO2 exhaled by human and glutathione addition
Authors: Prastowo S. , Widyastuti R.
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to identify the effect of the use of CO2 exhaled by human (CEbH) in in vitro maturation (IVM) with the addition of Glutathione also known as GSH on the oocytes maturation rate. It is known that CO2 derived from human respiration can be used as alternative support for IVM of oo-cytes. However, this method is categorized as using a suboptimal culture environment, and it results in increased production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). Thus, the addition of the antioxidant GSH is needed. In total, 273 oocytes were cultured in three groups: 5% CO2 (control) and CEbH with 0 mM and 1 mM of GSH addition, respectively. The results showed that the control group produced a better maturation rate (p < 0.05) compared to the remaining two groups (65.92% vs. 24.44% and 30.61%), which used CEbH. Statistically, 0 mM GSH vs. 1 mM GSH did not show any significant differences (p > 0.05). However, 1 mM GSH led to more mature oocytes (24.44% vs 30.61%) compared to the group without GSH. In conclusion, IVM using CEbH supports oocyte maturation, and the addition of GSH can improve the maturation rate in a suboptimal culture environment.
Adaptaciones geográficas de la casa moderna en Colombia Cuatro casos de estudio en el litoral, el valle, la montaña y el altiplano
Authors: Llanos-Chaparro Isabel , Henao-Carvajal Edison , Bárcenas-Duque Daniel
Published: August 2022

Se presenta un análisis sobre las relaciones entre la arquitectura doméstica construida durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960 y las características geográficas de Colombia. El artículo expone, a través de las obras, el vínculo orgánico entre el territorio —el tópos— y los diferentes tipos arquitectónicos que surgieron acordes con este. Particularmente, se estudian los casos de las firmas Obregón-Valenzuela y Borrero-Zamorano-Giovanelli, y de los arquitectos Gutiérrez-Arango-Sanint, quienes concibieron casas en el litoral, el valle, la montaña y el altiplano. La reflexión gira en torno a las variaciones y las invariantes de los tipos edificatorios; es decir, la estructura que comparten y aquello en lo cual se diferencian. Para eso, primero se presenta una descripción de la geografía en la que se asientan. Luego se caracteriza el modo como cada una de las casas establece relación con el sitio. Se configura, entonces, un aporte a la reflexión sobre la arquitectura moderna del siglo XX en Colombia, con una mirada a la dimensión topológica de la casa.
Urban climate adaptation: an interdisciplinary research experience empowering architecture and urbanism education
Authors: Silva Duarte Denise Helena , Teixeira Gonçalves Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves
Published: August 2022

The world’s cities are growing in size and number. At the same time, the global climate change rises global average temperatures as well as increase weather extreme events. Sao Paulo, the 5th urbanized region in the world, has currently more than 21 million inhabitants and recent studies alert for the increased frequency of extreme climate/weather events in the city. In this context, this work presents an interdisciplinary research experience, based at the Architecture and Urbanism school in partnership with the Atmospheric Sciences’ Department, approaching the interdependencies between urban morphology, green infrastructure, and microclimate in São Paulo, aiming to discuss planning, urban and building design alternatives to counterbalance urban warming effects in a subtropical changing climate. The research team, led by an architecture researcher and an associate researcher from atmospheric sciences, includes a post-doc researcher, graduate and undergraduate students, engaging architecture, urban design, planning, and meteorology dealing with the role of planning, urban and building design for climate change adaptation. This paper briefly summarizes what we have learnt with remote sensing, measurements and numerical simulation encompassing the metropolitan, the neighbourhood and the building scales and discuss the results of an interdisciplinary research empowering architectural education in different levels.
Black rice: A review from its history to chemical makeup to health advantages, nutritional properties and dietary uses
Authors: Panda Deepak Kumar , Jyotirmayee B , Mahalik Gyanranjan
Published: August 2022

Rice is the most popular food variety globally and is consumed as a staple food due to its high nutritional value. It is primarily black rice because of its rich anthocyanin levels, carbs, lipids, proteins, dietary fibres and minerals. Consumers are increasingly more aware of consuming healthy foods to maintain good health. Because of the strong demand from consumers, cultivars are now more interested in developing black rice due to its high anthocyanin content. The rice appears black because of the presence of anthocyanin in rice bran. Lysine, tryptophan and other essential amino acids are found in black rice. It also contains many antioxidants, the first line that protects against free radical damage and helps maintain good health. This rice type offers several health advantages and may reduce the risk of several ailments, including chronic ones. There are several health benefits associated with eating black rice. Atherosclerosis is lessened, the digestive system is strengthened, high blood pressure is stabilized, allergies are lessened, the body is cleansed, diabetes is better controlled, weight loss is more manageable and cancer development is slowed. It is now used in different food industries as a substitute for wheat due to its high nutritional profile, increasing protein digestion and decreasing starch digestion. This variety is also gluten-free and gluten-sensitive consumers can consume it. Black rice's history, chemical makeup and nutritional and functional qualities are all examined in this study. Black rice scientifically verified therapeutic benefits are the focus of this study paper.
Foreign language trainee teachers’ concerns and preparedness to implement inclusive instructional practices with learners with special educational needs: training induced changes
Authors: Nijakowska Joanna
Published: August 2022

The study was conducted in a group of second year university students – pre-service teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL). The aim of the study was to investigate how the trainee teachers’ participation in a compulsory SEN-dedicated course delivered online impacted their self-reported concerns and preparedness to implement inclusive teaching practices with foreign language (FL) learners with special educational needs (SEN). A semester-long course was designed and conducted as part of emergency remote instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected online via before and after course questionnaires. Principal component analysis of the preparedness and concerns scales led to a two-factor (F1 – self-efficacy beliefs and knowledge and F2 – attitudes) and a single factor solution (concerns) respectively. The pre- (N=113) and post-course (N=86) online survey responses were compared with regard to all the factors. The analysis showed that the participants’ post-course attitudes were more positive than at the beginning of the course, but the difference was not statistically significant. We observed a statistically significant increase in the trainee teachers’ post-course self-efficacy beliefs and knowledge of inclusion and SEN, with a large effect size. This change was paired with a statistically significant increase in their post-course concerns, with medium effect size for the change. A series of one-way MANOVAs showed that the effect of demographic variables (gender, teaching experience other than during practicum, experience with learners with SEN) on all factors across the two datasets was not statistically significant.
The New Orphic Fragments from Mount Sinai: A Rereading
Authors: Kayachev Boris
Published: August 2022

The article offers a rereading of recently published fragments of an Orphic poem discovered in a palimpsest from the library of St Catherine’s Monastery in Sinai (Sin. ar. NF 66). In particular, it establishes that fragments 1-2 narrate a scene from Aphrodite’s catabasis to the underworld in search for Dionysus, as well as clarifying details of the account of the Titans’ attempt to lure Dionysus out in fragments 3-4.
A List of Names and Sums of Money in Sahidic Coptic (P.Ilves Copt. 12)
Authors: Miroshnikov Ivan , Salmenkivi Erja
Published: August 2022

This article comprises the editio princeps of P.Ilves Copt. 12, a list of payments in Sahidic Coptic in which each entry indicates the name of the payer and the sum paid. The papyrus witnesses several personal names hitherto unattested in Coptic.
Exergetic and Exergo-Economical Analyses of a Gas-Steam Combined Cycle System
Authors: Gonca Guven , Guzel Bulent
Published: August 2022

In this study, the results of an investigation of the performance of a gas-steam combined cycle system (GSCCS) under exergetic and exergo-economical criteria are reported. The effective power (Pef), destroyed exergy (X), efficiency of exergy (ε), unit electric generation cost (Celec) and exergy-dependent economic worth of electrical energy (Cex,elec), which is novelly determined in this study, have been analyzed. The impacts of speed (N), pressure ratio of the gas cycle (λ), equivalence ratio (ϕ), the flow rate of the air mass (

m

˙

a

{\dot{m}_{a}}

), the flow rate of the fuel mass (

m

˙

f

{\dot{m}_{f}}

), inlet temperature of the air into the compressor (

T

1

{\mathrm{T}_{1}}

), steam temperature (

T

6

{\mathrm{T}_{6}}

) and pressure (P6) of the heat exchanger, outlet pressure (P7) of the high pressure steam turbine and condenser pressure (P9) on Pef, ε, Celec and Cex,elec have been parametrically evaluated. It was revealed that the stream and component characteristics of the system have significant influences on the performance characteristics of the GSCCS.
Fabrication and application of nanosized stannic oxide for sorption of some hazardous metal ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Eid Marwa Ahmed , Abass Mohamed Ragab , El-Kenany Wafaa Mohamed
Published: August 2022

A batch equilibrium method was utilized to evaluate the retention of Fe(III) and Pb(II) onto stannic oxide (SnO2) nanomaterial. SnO2 was prepared by a simple precipitation method and characterized by different analytical apparatuses like FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and XRD. Scherrer’s formula and Williamson-Hall (WH) analysis were utilized to detect the crystallite size and lattice strain. The XRD and TEM data revealed that SnO2 has a nanoscale and crystalline nature. The retention study for Fe(III) and Pb(II) includes the influence of shaking time, batch factor, pH, initial concentrations, capacity, and applications. The data reveal that the maximum uptake of SnO2 was achieved at pH 2.5 and 3.7 for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. SnO2 has a fast kinetic (60 min) and the reaction kinetic data obey the pseudo–second-order model. The capacity has values of 50.4 and 48.8 mg/g for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. The real sample applications proved that SnO2 is an excellent sorbent for the capture of Pb(II) and Fe(III) from industrial wastewater and low-grade monazite (LGM) respectively, in addition to the capture of 59Fe radionuclide from low-level radioactive waste (LLRW).
Utilización de redes sociales por estudiantes mexicanos
Authors: Ruvalcaba Arredondo Leonel , Ríos Rodríguez Leticia del Carmen , Alejandro Carmona Eduardo
Published: August 2022

La Covid-19 impulsó el uso cotidiano de redes sociales como espacios digitales de interacción social entre los alumnos y profesores durante el confinamiento. La presente investigación se centra en conocer el uso que los alumnos de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (UAZ), México, le dan a Facebook, Instagram y WhatsApp. Para esto, se aplicó un instrumento con relación a la utilización de redes sociales a 1131 estudiantes de la UAZ. Para procesar la información que se obtuvo se realizó un análisis multivariado de la varianza (Manova, por sus siglas en inglés) para confirmar la codependencia entre las variables investigadas. Igualmente, se elaboró un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) para observar el agrupamiento de los ítems estudiados. Se concluye que el grado de estudios y el área del conocimiento en el que se desenvuelven los estudiantes de la UAZ sí influyen para que exista un empleo diferenciado de Facebook, Instagram y WhatsApp.
Capital cultural familiar y rendimiento académico: estudio de caso en la Escuela Primaria “Benito Juárez”, San Pedro Ixtlahuaca, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Juárez González Manuel , García Jiménez Ricardo
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo aborda la relación que existe entre el llamado capital cultural familiar y el rendimiento académico en un grupo de estudiantes que cursaron sus estudios a lo largo de seis años en la Escuela Primaria “Benito Juárez”, ubicada en el municipio de San Pedro Ixtlahuaca, en el Estado de Oaxaca. Metodológicamente, se optó por un estudio de caso cuanti-cualitativo para visibilizar los componentes que definen el capital cultural familiar, término adoptado del concepto de capital cultural desarrollado por Pierre Bourdieu. La importancia de la investigación radica en analizar y relacionar cada uno de los estados del capital cultural —incorporado, objetivado e institucionalizado— en la familia de cada uno de los alumnos que transitaron por esta institución educativa, y relacionarlo con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, pues la formación del habitus, su producción y reproducción podrían ayudar a evaluar dicho éxito.
Solid acid catalyst WO3-ZrO2 for the catalytic deoxygenation of jatropha oil for the preparation of aviation paraffin
Authors: Lin Jiayu , Li Jin , Zhou Shiyun , Cao Yang , Wang Shurong , Jiang Jiao
Published: August 2022

WO3-ZrO2 solid acid catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and pyridine adsorbed IR spectroscopy (Py-IR). The catalysts were used for catalytic deoxygenation of Jatropha curcas oil. The optimal conditions for the deoxygenation of the generated oil were obtained by response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken four-factor experiments. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied while determining the optimal conditions for the Jatropha oil deoxygenation percentage. The rate was calculated based on Box-Behnken four-factor experiments, with reaction temperature, catalyst amount, reaction time, and reaction pressure as independent variables and the deoxygenation of Jatropha curcas oil as response values. The optimal reaction conditions obtained were a temperature of 370 °C, pressure of 2 MPa, time of 7 h, and catalyst amount of 0.22 g. The deoxygenation percentage of the generated oil under the optimal conditions was 95.1%, which was close to the theoretical value, indicating that the model was reliable. The generated oil contained more jet fuel components, with 68.1% C8-C16, 12.0% isoalkanes, 14.2% cycloalkanes, and 8.9% aromatic compounds under the optimum conditions. This study provides an effective and simple method for preparation of bio-aviation fuel.
Theoretical study on the interactions between cellulose and different methyltriethoxysilane hydrolysis products
Authors: Xing Tong , Dong Changqing , Hu Xiaoying , Zhang Junjiao , Zhao Ying , Xue Junjie , Wang Xiaoqiang
Published: August 2022

Silylation is an effective means of cellulose modification. However, the condensation reaction process between the hydrolysis products of the silane coupling agent and cellulose, as well as the structure of the coating, which both have a strong influence on the wettability, are still controversial. In this paper, the reactions of different methyltriethoxysilane hydrolysis products with cellulose were simulated via the density functional theory method. The reaction activity centers of the different methyltriethoxysilane hydrolysis products in an ethanol solution were analyzed via the front-line orbital theory and the Fukui function. The silylation reaction of different methyltriethoxysilane hydrolysis products in an ethanol solution on the cellulose surface were investigated via the transition state theory. The results show that although the initial hydrolysis product has the lowest grafting energy barrier, considering the whole process of grafting and condensation on the cellulose surface, the hydrolysis product with two hydroxyl groups is more favorable for the growth of organosilicon on the cellulose surface, so it is desirable to control the reaction where this product is dominant. In addition, the silylation process on the cellulose surface is more inclined to a multilayer coating mechanism.
Evaluation of glycolaldehyde as a formaldehyde substitute in urea-based wood adhesives
Authors: Sandahl Alexander , Pedersen Lars Saaby , Taarning Esben , Lindhardt Anders
Published: August 2022

Glycolaldehyde, produced from cracking of glucose, was tested as a substitute for formaldehyde in urea-based wood adhesives. Initially, different parameters (water content, aldehyde/urea-ratio, curing temperature, and time) were screened to identify the optimal curing conditions providing the highest bond strength. Afterwards, the system was reformulated as a 2-component system and compared to a urea-formaldehyde 2-component system, which showed a comparatively low strength of the resulting resin. Different hardeners were tested, and AlCl3 showed an 80% increase in bond strength for the resin compared to NH4Cl. Infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were performed to ensure formation of the desired aminal bond network, which showed that the hardener was essential for proper curing of the resin. Finally, a urea-glycolaldehyde-formaldehyde resin was tested that further indicated major differences between the reactivity of formaldehyde and glycolaldehyde.