bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histeroskopi IVF-ICSI/ET öncesi mi, sonrası mı yapılmalıdır?
Authors: SOYSAL Cenk , ÜRÜNSAK İbrahim , ÇETİN M.turan
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Çalışmada İn-Vitro Fertilizasyon - İnstrastoplazmik Sperm İnjeksiyonu/Embriyo Transferi (IVF-ICSI/ET) yapılmış ancak başarısız olunmuş ve ilk kez IVF-ICSI/ET planlanmış olan iki ayrı hasta grubuna histeroskopi uygulanarak, intrauterin patolojilerin saptanması, patoloji saptanan grupta cerrahi düzeltme yapılarak, bundan sonraki IVF-ICSI/ET sürecinde canlı doğum oranlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Prospektif yapılan bu çalışmada, Mayıs 2014 – Ocak 2016 yılları arasında arasında infertilite polikliniğine başvuran, rutin değerlendirme sonucunda, ilk kez kontrollü ovaryan stimülasyon için rekombinant FSH kullanılıp sonrasında IVF-ICSI/ET kararı alınan hastalara, histeroskopi ile intrauterin patolojilerin saptanarak düzeltilmesi halinde gebeliğe olası katkıları hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verilerek onamı alınan hasta Grup I (n=65) olarak belirlendi. Aynı süreçte daha önce IVF-ICSI/ET uygulanmış olan ancak histeroskopi uygulanmayan hastalar kontrol grubu Grup II (n=133) olarak belirlendi. Ayrıca histeroskopi uygulanan ve normal uterin kavite saptananlar Grup Ia (n=47), intrauterin patoloji saptananlar ise Grup Ib (n=18) olarak ikiye ayrılarak kontrol grubu ile canlı doğum oranları karşılaştırıldıBulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş, infertilite süresi, infertilite etyolojisi, bazal Folikül stimülan hormon (FSH), Lüteinizan hormon (LH), Östradiol (E2) değerleri ve transfer edilen embriyo sayıları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Grup Ia ve Grup Ib canlı doğumlar açısından kıyaslandığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı . Sonuç: IVF-ICSI/ET öncesi yapılan histeroskopi ve aynı seansta histeroskopi ile saptanan patolojilerin düzeltilmesi IVF-ICSI/ET başarısı ve canlı doğumu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde arttırmadığını belirledik.
Dev aterosklerotik çıkan aort anevrizmasının cerrahi tamiri
Authors: COŞKUN SUNGUR Elif , ALTINAY Levent , TEKİN Anıl , TÜTÜN Ufuk
Published: March 2020

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Surface-Wave Tomography of Eastern and Central Tibet from Two-Plane-Wave Inversion: Rayleigh-Wave and Love-Wave Phase Velocity Maps
Authors: Li Lun , Fu Yuanyuan V.
Published: March 2020

An understanding of mantle dynamics occurring beneath the Tibetan plateau requires a detailed image of its seismic velocity and anisotropic structure. Surface waves at long periods (>50  s) could provide such critical information. Though Rayleigh-wave phase velocity maps have been constructed in the Tibetan regions using ambient-noise tomography (ANT) and regional earthquake surface-wave tomography, Love-wave phase velocity maps, especially those at longer periods (>50  s), are rare. In this study, two-plane-wave teleseismic surface-wave tomography is applied to develop 2D Rayleigh-wave and Love-wave phase velocity maps at periods between 20 and 143 s across eastern and central Tibet and its surroundings using four temporary broadband seismic experiments. These phase velocity maps share similar patterns and show high consistency with those previously obtained from ANT at overlapping periods (20–50 s), whereas our phase velocity maps carry useful information at longer periods (50–143 s). Prominent slow velocity is imaged at periods of 20–143 s beneath the interior of the Tibetan plateau (i.e., the Songpan–Ganzi terrane, the Qiangtang terrane, and the Lhasa terrane), implying the existence of thick Tibetan crust along with warm and weak Tibetan lithosphere. In contrast, the dispersal of fast velocity anomalies coincides with mechanically strong, cold tectonic blocks, such as the Sichuan basin and the Qaidam basin. These phase velocity maps could be used to construct 3D shear-wave velocity and radial seismic anisotropy models of the crust and upper mantle down to 250 km across the eastern and central Tibetan plateau.
Toward Simultaneous Determination of Bulk Crustal Properties Using Virtual Deep Seismic Sounding
Authors: Chen Qing , Chen Wang-Ping
Published: March 2020

We augment the method of virtual deep seismic sounding (VDSS) by adding the phases Sp, the SV-P conversion across the Moho, to determine the average speed of the S wave (VS) in the crust. VDSS uses the strong SV-P conversion below the free surface from teleseismic earthquakes as a virtual source for wide-angle reflections of the P wave. The large signal generated by the virtual source is the strongest aspect of VDSS in which no stacking is necessary to build up the signal. Previous work used the large moveout of the wide-angle reflection, phase SsPmp, relative to the direct S-wave arrival, phase Ss, to minimize the trade-off between bulk P-wave speed (VP) and thickness of the crust (H). It is then straightforward to use the timing of the phase Sp to constrain VS. As examples, we show that this method works for data from both temporary and permanent seismic deployments in contrasting tectonic settings. Specifically, VS under station FORT in western Australia and H1620 in central Tibet are 3.77±0.08 and 3.42±0.11  km/s, respectively. This development complements the undertaking of using information from only the S-wave train to extract all three seismic parameters of the bulk crust, VP, VS, and H. These parameters are important for constraining overall silica content of the crust.
Retailer Compliance with State and Local Policies on Tobacco Advertising
Authors: Usidame Bukola , Miller Edward A. , Cohen Joanna E.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: In this study, we assessed factors associated with retailer compliance with state and local government policies targeted at tobacco retail advertising in Massachusetts. Methods: Primary data collection was from 419 retail stores across 42 selected municipalities.
Multi-level Bayesian logistic regression models assessed the relationship between retailer compliance and the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies; we also examined the number of tobacco ads, retail store type, and municipality-level socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results:
Retail stores were fully compliant with state laws. At 92%, compliance with local tobacco advertising regulations was also high; a few retail stores advertised and sold flavored tobacco products and discounted tobacco products below the listed price. Retail stores with more tobacco ads and
lower municipality-level smoking prevalence were less likely to be compliant with local tobacco advertising regulations relative to retail stores in other municipalities. Conclusions: Findings reveal a high degree of compliance with state and local tobacco advertising regulations in
Massachusetts. State law in Massachusetts does not preempt local ordinances adopting more stringent tobacco control policies. Other states may exhibit similar levels of compliance should they follow Massachusetts example in allowing municipalities to adopt and enforce regulations that improve
retail store compliance, hence limiting tobacco retail advertising.
Comparison of Biological and Antioxidant Activities of Above and Below-Ground Extracts of Endemic Heliotropium samolifolium subsp. erzurumicum
Authors: SAĞLAM Galip , KANDEMİR Nezahat
Published: March 2020

In this study, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and effects on DNA damage of above and below-ground extracts of Heliotropium samolifolium subsp. erzurumicum were determined. This subspecies distributes only in the vicinity of Olur (Erzurum) in Turkey and is known as Erzurum Bambulu by the people. Heliotropium L. species include secondary metabolities such as; pyrrolizidine alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, tannis, and steroids. The above and below-ground extracts of the subspecies were prepared using different organic solvents. For the antioxidant studies, DPPH and total phenolic content calculation methods were applied. The antimicrobial activity tests of the extracts were performed using four different standard strains, a yeast and MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) method. The effects on DNA damage of plant extracts were explained using pBR322 plasmid DNA. The below-ground ethanol extract of the subspecies was seen to have stronger antimicrobial activity. According to antioxidant data, the highest activity was found in above-ground ethanol+aqueous, chloroform and below-ground ethanol extracts. Also, the below-ground aqueous and chloroform extracts hada greater effect on the open ring form of pBR322 plasmid DNA. It was determined that the below ground extracts of the subspecies were more effective than the above ground extracts. It was suggested that the extracts obtained from this subspecies may be used in medicine industry and folk medicine.
Reducing the risk of heart failure in diabetes mellitus: review of new therapeutics
Authors: Godbole Shreeharsh , Godbole Shreerang
Published: March 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure (HF) are closely related: patients with diabetes have an increased risk of developing HF and those with HF are at higher risk of developing diabetes. When the two diseases are considered individually, HF has a much poorer prognosis than diabetes mellitus; therefore, treatment of HF is a priority in these group of patients. There are many drugs now available to achieve glycemic control in individuals with DM. However, as we enter an era of personalization in the management of DM, the next challenge will be the identification of therapeutic strategies that will not only achieve and maintain glycemic control, but that will also reverse existing complications. Given the high prevalence of HF in DM, there is a strong imperative to advance this field, with the view of identifying robust strategies that will not only improve long-term outcomes in subjects with DM and HF but also limit the likelihood of developing HF in the first place. Newer therapies like sodium- glucose transport protein- 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 I) and sacubitril or valsartan have shown potential benefit for reducing the risk of heart failure in diabetic population. This review will summarize the new therapeutics to reduce the risk of HF in patients with DM.
Socio demographic profile of glaucoma patients and barriers to treatment compliance
Authors: Singh Luxmi , Sharma Akansha , Chaturvedi Ashutosh
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to assess the economic burden of long term glaucoma therapy on chronic glaucoma patients with the objectives to inquire regarding socio-economic status of the glaucoma patients; the number, cost and duration of use of glaucoma medications by these patients and compliance to treatment.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted at our tertiary care centre where 100 consecutive patients on medical therapy, following up at our glaucoma service for atleast 6 months were recruited. The patients had been diagnosed as glaucoma, following slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination using +90 D lens, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, and perimetry (Humphrey Field Analyzer).

A total of 55 (55%) patients were compliant to glaucoma medication. On evaluating the association of compliance with different sociodemographic factors higher cost of medication (>Rs 1000), Lower Middle/Lower socioeconomic status and Hindus were found to be significantly associated with low compliance.

Simplification of the treatment regimen and tailoring it to the patient’s routine are a must. Follow-up visit reminders with proper tracking of patients must be taken care of.
Association of risk factors with the severity of primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Tadwalkar Archana , Karandikar Sumita , Mehta Pooja , Arora Sandeep
Published: March 2020

To study the associations of risk factors with the severity of primary open angle glaucoma.

A total of 98 patients were enrolled in the study as per the inclusion criteria. A complete ophthalmologic examination including a medical history review, best-corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination and visual field assessment with Carl Zeiss Perimeter was done.

98 patients were studied. The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 10.3 years. There were 49% males and 51% females. Out of the participants, 22% had mild glaucoma, 37% had moderate glaucoma and 41% had severe glaucoma. Age was associated with 56% increase in likelihood of severe glaucoma per decade compared to mild disease. Myopia was seen in 60% of patients from the severe glaucoma group. Hypertension was seen in 49% of the participants. Diabetes was seen in 27%. Family history of 7% was noted. Hypothyroid was seen in 6% of the patients.

In out study, we found that advancing age; myopia; hypertension and hypothyroid had a correlation with POAG. However, the association of diabetes with POAG did not have a reliable conclusion.
Comparative study of meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye in post-cataract surgery patients treated with topical dexamethasone-moxifloxacin versus topical prednisolone-moxifloxacin combination eye drops
Authors: Bhargav Sonia , Arora Tarun
Published: March 2020

Postoperative dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is common cause of morbidity. Its cause is still elusive and probably multifactorial. Various studies in the past have thrown some light on its mechanism but still we are not able to prevent its occurrence. Till date no study has analyzed the role of topical steroid as one of the factors influencing postoperative MGD and dry eye.

The aim of this study was to compare the symptoms and signs of MGD and dry eye in post-cataract surgery patients treated with topical dexamethasone-moxifloxacin versus topical prednisolone-moxifloxacin combination eye drops.

Seventy eyes of seventy patients of senile cataract who had no dry eye signs preoperatively, and had undergone uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery were selected. The patients were divided randomly into two study groups – Group 1 patients were started on dexamethasone sodium phosphate -moxifloxacin hydrochloride and Group 2 patients were started on prednisolone acetate – moxifloxacin hydrochloride combination eye drops postoperatively in a tapering dose for 6 weeks. The data collected by scoring of clinical dry eye signs (corneal staining, TBUT, Schirmer test I and meibomian gland dysfunction assessed by meibum expressibility and meibum quality score) and symptoms scoring by SPEED II questionnaire. The study was done in both the groups preoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks postoperatively. Both the groups were compared using independent paired t- test and Mann – Whitney test.

The mean values of SPEED II, TBUT, corneal staining, meibomian gland expressibility, meibum quality were statistically significantly higher in all followup visits (at 1week, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks) in group 2 as compared to group 1.(p<.001).

Post cataract surgery patients treated with dexamethasone – moxifloxacin eye drops had statistically significantly lesser symptoms and signs of dry eye and MGD as compared to patients treated with prednisolone-moxifloxacin combination eye drops.
Topical 1% voriconazole ophthalmic solution in the treatment of mycotic corneal ulcer
Authors: Chaurasia Shreya , Kumar Sunil , Imam Sheezan
Published: March 2020

Fungal keratitis is a major cause of ocular morbidity and unilateral blindness worldwide. In India it contributes to 50% of culture positive cases. Despite the emergence of many new drugs, a cure remains difficult in many cases. Compared to anti- bacterial, anti-fungal have lower efficacy, lower tissue penetration and indolent nature of the infection.

This article aims to study effectiveness of topical 1% voriconazole as first line of treatment in 50 patients of mycotic corneal ulcer.
Phacolytic glaucoma mimicking Endophthalmitis
Authors: Sharma Manu , Jinagal Jitender , Ram Jagat
Published: March 2020

Phacolytic glaucoma is one of the varieties of various lens induced glaucoma, also known as lens protein glaucoma is a sequelae of hypermature cataract. In our case 60 years old male presented with lid edema, pain, redness, loss of vision of right eye with exudates or fluffy deposits in the anterior chamber mimicking endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis is infection of eye involving aqueous and vitreous humors with exudates in vitreous cavity. Here we report a cytology proven case of lens induced glaucoma managed with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation followed by good visual outcome. This case highlights the importance of right and early diagnosis.
Indicadores de desenvolvimento rural sustentável em propriedades rurais premiadas em Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná
Authors: Hein André Fernando , Silva Nardel Luiz Soares da
Published: March 2020

A agricultura familiar não é um bloco homogêneo de produtores rurais, pois é composto por diferentes perfis de agricultores, em função do tamanho da propriedade, acesso à tecnologia, rentabilidade, capitalização, entre outros. Pode ser classificada em Agricultura Familiar de Subsistência (AFS), de Transição (AFT), e Consolidada (AFC). Diante disto, objetivou-se avaliar o Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável (DRS) na AFC, tendo como amostra produtores rurais premiados no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná. Identificou-se que tais produtores possuem bons indicadores de DRS e que os indicadores: assistência técnica, rentabilidade, sucessão familiar e dependência de recursos de outras atividades mostraram-se discrepantes dos resultados de estudos com a AFS.
Genótipos de alface folha lisa para a região Agreste de Sergipe
Authors: Souza Juliana Lopes , Silva Susi Alves da , Silva-Mann Renata , Gonçalves Gláucia Barretto , Gomes Luiz Antônio Augusto , Carvalho Filho José Luiz Sandes de
Published: March 2020

Dentre as hortaliças folhosas, a alface é uma hortaliça folhosa bastante consumida no Brasil, sendo recomendado o uso de cultivares adaptadas às diferentes condições climáticas. Com isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar genótipos de alface de folhas lisas e tolerantes ao florescimento precoce. O experimento foi implantado no município de Itabaiana, Estado de Sergipe em blocos casualizados com três repetições, sendo testados 12 genótipos, os quais foram avaliados quanto à massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, massa fresca e seca da raiz, massa de folhas comerciais e não comerciais, número de folhas comerciais e não comerciais, diâmetro da cabeça e comprimento do caule. O genótipo AFX005B-121-02, que possui folhas lisas e é tolerante ao florescimento precoce, apresentou melhor desempenho comercial e agronômico, sendo promissor para plantio nas condições do Agreste.
Adubação nitrogenada para a cana-de-açúcar colhida crua, em rotação com leguminosas, cultivada em solo de tabuleiro costeiro
Authors: Silva Paulo Albuquerque , Pereira de Mello Ivo Walane Maria , Santiago Antonio Dias
Published: March 2020

A incorporação de material de elevada relação Carbono/Nitrogênio originário da colheita sem despalha a fogo e os novos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar podem determinar recomendações mais elevadas de adubação nitrogenada para a cultura. Como a adubação nitrogenada tem importante papel nas emissões de gases de efeito estufa, uma forma de diminuir essas emissões pode ser a substituição parcial dos fertilizantes por leguminosas, em rotação com a cana. O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer a recomendação de adubação nitrogenada para a cana-de-açúcar colhida crua e cultivada em rotação com leguminosas. Os tratamentos avaliados são: variedades de cana (RB 92579 e RB 867515), rotação com Crotalaria spectabilis, e doses de N (0 e 60 kg ha-1 para cana planta e, nas duas socarias, 0, 60, 120 e 180 kg de N ha-1). A resposta da cana planta à rotação com crotalaria e à aplicação de 60 kg de N ha-1 é expressiva, com a indicação de que a cana só responde ao N fertilizante na ausência da leguminosa. O nitrogênio da fertilização nitrogenada resulta em resposta quadrática na produtividade de colmos da socaria da cana, estabelecendo recomendação de doses de 124 a 146 kg ha-1 de N, para materiais de alto rendimento.
Crescimento inicial e biomassa de espécies utilizadas como adubação verde em sistema de aleias
Authors: Freitas Bruna Bandeira de , Pauletto Daniela , Sousa Iara Rayana Leal de
Published: March 2020

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento inicial de espécies perenes como gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium) e ingá-xixica (Inga heteraphylla) e o desempenho da produção de biomassa de espécies herbáceas, como a crotalária juncea (Crotalaria juncea L.) e feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis DC.), utilizadas para adubação verde. O monitoramento do crescimento das espécies foi acompanhado por seis meses. Para avaliar a biomassa, as plantas foram podadas rente ao solo, onde foi obtido o material vegetal total para determinar o peso de massa verde, e retiraram-se quatro amostras de cada parcela para obter o peso da massa seca. O crescimento em altura final para o ingá-xixica foi de 0,77 m e de 1,81 m para a gliricídia. As taxas de crescimento absoluto (TCA) para altura total (Ht) diferem entre ambas as espécies, onde a média da gliricídia apresenta maior valor, de 5,06 cm mes-1 em Ht, e a de ingá-xixica é de 2,68 cm mês-1. Na avaliação de biomassa total observou-se diferença entre as duas espécies, tanto para massa verde como para a seca, destacando-se o feijão de porco nas duas avaliações com maior produtividade de biomassa fresca de 8,6 t ha-1 e seca 1,6 t ha-1. Para indicação no uso como adubação verde, a espécie perene gliricídia, apresentou os melhores parâmetros dendrometricos e, a espécie herbácea feijão de porco, a maior produção de biomassa.
Hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers as a correlate of protection against influenza disease in the 2018/2019 epidemic season in Poland
Authors: Hallmann-Szelińska Ewelina , Szymański Karol , Łuniewska Katarzyna , Kondratiuk Katarzyna , Brydak Lidia Bernadeta
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the level of antibodies against hemagglutinin of influenza viruses in the sera of people in the seven age groups in the epidemic season 2018/2019 in Poland. The level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was determined by hemagglutination inhibition test (HAI). 1050 clinical samples from all over the country were tested. The level of antibodies against influenza viruses was highest in the 10–14 age group for A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage antigens. These results confirm the circulation of four antigenically different influenza virus strains, two subtypes of influenza A virus – A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1)pdm09 and A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and two lineages of influenza B virus – B/Colorado/06/2017 – Victoria lineage and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage.
THE DETERMINANTS OF INDIA’S FDI INFLOWS: THE BOUND TEST ANALYSIS
Authors: Qaiser Alam Md. , Shabbir Alam Md.
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to empirically examine the determinants of FDI inflows which include policy factors along with macroeconomic aggregates prevailing in India that serve as an important factor for attracting FDI in the country.

Methodology: This paper has applied the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling technique to empirically examine the co-integration relationship among FDI inflows and various macroeconomic aggregates prevailing in India to determine the factors affecting the flow of FDI in India.

Main Findings: The study finds that there exists a co-integration relationship between the variables in the model. The estimated coefficient reveals that FDI inflows in India are positively influenced by trade openness, domestic investment, moderate domestic prices and exchange rate in the long-run. The outcomes also reveal that FDI inflows are positively influenced by the past level of FDI inflows, the past year of GDP per capita, past level of trade openness and currency exchange rate in the country in the short-run.

Applications of the study: The study will be helpful in the formulation of suitable policies towards foreign investment inflows and to optimize its role in the host country. The study will be also helpful to the government for the enrichment of socioeconomic overheads in the host country to maximize the gains from FDI inflows.

The novelty of the Study: The outcome of the study with an addition to the existing literature by incorporating the new variables in the model provides a new variable specific influence on FDI inflows in the country. This will also provide a scope for further study by establishing backward and forward spill over effects of FDI inflows in enhancing income, output, and employment in the country.
ADAPTIVE ESTIMATION AND CONTROL:PREVIOUS ACHIEVEMENTS AND OPEN PROBLEMS
Authors:   IEEE, MemberInformation Technology, Ulyanovsk State University, Semushin I.V.
Published: March 2020

Engineering systems’ adaptability to the unknown and unexpectedly changing equip-ment condition and environmental data is provided artificially by equipping the main loop of control with the adaptor loop. The paper characterizes the current status of re-search and practical studies in the field. As shown for estimation and control systems, the adaptor’s task is to ensure the efficient and conforming solution of the following three problems. Problem 1 is the quickest change point detection in the acting model relative to the previous model. Problem 2 is the unbiased and adequately quick identification of the acting model. Problem 3 is the computationally efficient modifying the feedback in the main loop of control. The paper characterizes the current status of research and prac-tical studies in the field over many publications and some author’s developments. Among the latter, there is the active principle of adaptation for model identification in the class of linear time-invariant control systems.
Optimization of Novel Follicle Culture System to Generate Developmentally Competent Oocytes
Authors: Kim Jongwon , Kyu Choi Jung
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to develop a novel culture system for porcine ovarian follicles that yields developmentally competent oocytes. We mechanically isolated ovarian follicles of various sizes 325–500 mm and treated them with ovine follicle stimulating hormone OFSH at different concentrations 0–400 mIU. Follicle diameter, antrum formation and cumulus oocyte complex COC recovery rate were significantly higher p andlt; 0.05 under the 0 and 50 mIU OFSH treatments compared with the remaining concentrations 100, 200 and 400 mIU. Additionally, follicles cultured for 3 and 4 d differed significantly p andlt; 0.05 in follicle diameter, antrum formation rate and COC recovery from those cultured for 5 and 6 d. Follicle characteristics did not differ across diameter: those at 250–300, 301–400 and 401–500 mm in vitro had antrum formation rates of 90%, 92% and 90%, along with COC recovery of 78%, 82% and 85%, respectively. Furthermore, nuclear maturation percentages for oocytes that experienced germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) were 10%, 13% and 14%, depending on the size of the originating follicle (250–300, 301–400 and 401–500 mm). Nuclear maturation for metaphase II (MII) oocytes derived from follicles of those three sizes were 1%, 2% and 1%, respectively. After 3 d of culture, the 250–300 mm group differed significantly from other size groups in follicle diameter and COC recovery. This study provides insight into establishing effective protocols of ovarian follicle culture, thus improving efforts to preserve large-mammal fertility.
Preparation of Cowslips from Rubber Wastes to Protect the Hoof of Animals - An Innovative Approach
Authors: Dhoolappa M , Prasad R V , Lakshmishree K T , Sundareshanp S , Umesh B U , Sampathkumar M
Published: March 2020

In dairy animals, lameness due to hoof and leg ailments is one of the major managemental problems which often results due to improper shoeing. It causes economic losses to the farmer and is also an important animal welfare issue. The main objective of the study was to design and develop affordable and durable Cowslips (rubberized shoes) for dairy animals to protect the hoof from injuries. The size range of the hooves was determined by measuring different hoof parameters on 46 dairy cows maintained at the institutional dairy farm. Based on the size-range data obtained, we designed and developed Cowslip of different sizes (small, medium and large) by using used rubber tyre wastes with the aim of withstanding an average body weight of the dairy animal (400-550 kg). Rubberized Cowslips prepared in the present study were evaluated for their retention periods and compared with the imported Cowslip devices. Rubberised Cowslip was found to be equally comparable with the commercial Cowslip in its efficiency and high affordability. These Cowslips will be helpful for the dairy farmers as a preventive device in the effective management of lame animals under field conditions. The data generated on morphometry of hoof would serve as a baseline data for designing indigenous Cowslips. Thus, effectively utilizing rubber obtained from scrap automobile tyre is not only beneficial in terms of cost reduction but has also the less ecological impact in keeping the environment clean and to achieve the better balance of natural resources.
Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) from Subclinical Caprine Paratuberculosis Cases of Odisha
Authors: Biswal Sangram , Rath Adya Prakash , Singh Shoor Vir , Sahoo Niranjana , Gupta Saurabh , Singh Manju , Chaubey Kundan Kumar
Published: March 2020

Paratuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) and is a chronic, intestinal tract infection in the ruminant sector globally. A total of 122 EDTA mixed blood samples, 121 serum and 16 pooled faecal samples were collected from farms of 4 different districts i.e. Nayagarh, Cuttack, Khordha and Angul and a blind review was conducted at the Animal Health Division, CIRG, Mathura. Microscopic examination of 16 pooled faecal samples revealed +2 reactivity to Acid-Fast Bacilli. All the serum samples were subjected to indirect ELISA. Out of them, 23 (19.01%), 85 (70.25%), shows strongly positive, positive, antibody titre respectively. EDTA blood samples of 23 ELISA-strongly positive were subjected to 413 bp IS900 PCR and 11 (9%) of them were found positive for Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). MAP isolates were further subjected to genotyping using 608 bpIS1311 PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis (IS1311 PCR-REA) and 2 (1.64%) of them matched with “Indian Bison Type”. Genotyping of the isolates using IS1311 PCR-REA revealed that goat population of Odisha are primarily infected with “Indian Bison Type” strains.
Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Water Quality Parameters in Ramsar Site-Kolleru Lake
Authors: Shivakrishna A , Ramteke Karankumar , Dhanya M , Charitha R , Aktar Sahina , . Ramsingh , Abidi Zeba Jaffer
Published: March 2020

Kolleru lake is one of Asia’s largest freshwater lakes, which has undergone tremendous changes in the water quality due to the sewage, pollution and development of aquaculture in its surrounding area. This study is undertaken to evaluate the present water quality scenario existing in Kolleru lake, which has been affected seriously due to the anthropogenic disturbances since long. Water samples were collected from ten sampling locations within the lake during pre and post-monsoon seasons of 2017-18. A total of 11 water quality parameters were analysed such as pH, temperature, EC, TDS, TSS, total alkalinity, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, salinity, COD, and nitrates. Parameters were estimated by using a standard protocol of APHA 2012. The spatial distribution maps of water quality were generated from pre and post monsoon data using Arc GIS software. Spatio-temporal variation of all parameters indicated that the water quality found was unsatisfactory within the Kolleru lake. The present study shows the better water quality in the post-monsoon season. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation spatial mapping was also used for water quality mapping to observe the environmental variation for protecting the important freshwater ecosystem-Kolleru lake. The outcome of GIS analysis demonstrated the spatial visualization of the lodging evolution and geographical distribution trends of water quality parameters within the study area.
Liver Fluke Infestation in Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
Authors: Manjunatha V , Rout M , Roopa S , Muniyellappa H K , Sripad K , Byregowda S M
Published: March 2020

The present study reports pathological conditions associated with liver fluke infestation in a Purple heron (Ardea purpurea) at Wild Animals Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre, Bengaluru. Purple herons are commonly seen in the lakes around Bengaluru and feed on the fish, snails and other fauna. One Purple heron was rescued and housed at Wild Animal Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre at Bannerghatta Biological Park. After death, the Purple heron was submitted to Wild Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for necropsy and systematically examined. Faecal samples were collected and examined; where golden yellow colored eggs of Fasciola sp. were found. On gross examination, liver was found to be enlarged with whitish necrotic spots on the surface. Kidneys were pale with enlarged ureters. Histopathologically, kidney revealed diffuse degeneration of tubular structures and accumulation of uric acid crystals in the tubules.Liver showed proliferation of bile ducts along with degenerating flukes, areas of ossification, desquamation of epithelium and periductular fibrous tissue proliferation
Evaluation of Physico-Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Dairy Cow, Goat and Buffalo Urine in Two Different Seasons in A Sub-Tropical Region of India
Authors: . Khushboo , Kumari Mamta , Kalotra Neha , Giri Arup
Published: March 2020

The present study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and anti-oxidative properties of cow, buffalo and goat urine samples in two different successive seasons (summer and winter). For the physicochemical study, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) was measured and for the antioxidant properties, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS level was evaluated by standard methods. The data set were executed through the independent ‘t’ test by using IBM SPSS software version 22.0. The results showed that the EC level in all the (except cow) was significantly pandlt;0.5 lower in the winter season than in the summer season. TDS level in buffalo was significantly pandlt;0.5 lower in the winter season than the summer season but significantly higher in the winter season of the goat urine sample. In the case of antioxidant markers, FRAP and DPPH levels were significantly pandlt;0.5 higher in the summer season in all the animals, but there were no significant changes in the case of ABTS in all the animal’s urine samples. From these results, it is concluded that in the study area, the stress in the summer season as heat stress prevails in dairy cows, buffalo and goats. From the overall findings, it may be concluded that urine could be a good biomarker to evaluate the status of livestock health.
AGE PECULIARITIES OF HERPES ZOSTER CLINIC
Authors: Polyakova D. M. , Nikiforov V. V. , Shakhmardanov Murad Z.
Published: March 2020

Herpes zoster is a viral disease that occurs as a result of reactivation of Varicella zoster virus and is characterized by damage to the skin, nervous tissue. This disease develops as a secondary endogenous infection in individuals who have previously had chickenpox. Potential risk factors for herpes zoster are old age, the presence in patients of cancer and / or hematological diseases, diabetes, HIV infection, drug immunosuppression. Changes in socio-economic conditions are accompanied by pathomorphosis of diseases. This fully applies to the infection caused by Varicella zoster virus. Diagnosis of herpes zoster in the prodromal period is difficult, since there are no characteristic bubble rashes. Late diagnosis leads to delayed medical care. The clinical differences of herpes zoster in 78 patients of different age categories were studied: up to 60 years, and after 60 years. The terms of diagnosis, duration of prehospital and hospital stages, clinical symptoms, presence of concomitant pathology and complications were studied. It was shown that the diagnosis of herpes zoster at the prehospital stage was established only in half of the patients, which led to late hospitalization and may have contributed to the development of complications. Among the features of the clinical course, a lower incidence of concomitant pathology and adequate immunoreactivity were noted in persons under the age of 60 years, compared with patients over the age of 60 years. It is assumed that the reactivation of Varicella zoster virus, which is associated in the elderly with immunosuppression against the background of combined chronic somatic pathology, in young people may be due to other reasons, among which may be, including the features of the pathogen.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURE OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC INFECTIONS CAUSED BY HALOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS IN THE PRIMORYE TERRITORY
Authors: Khunkheeva Zh. Yu , Mironova L. V , Fortunatova A. V , Allenov A. V , Borzov V. P , Khomenko T. V , Solodkaya N. S , Abbasova E. I , Tarasenko T. T , Kosenok E. V , Balakhonov S. V
Published: March 2020

A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of acute enteric infections caused by halophilic microorganisms (V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus) since 1997 up to 2017 year was carried out in the Primorye Territory. Uneven morbidity levels were established for years of observation with increase in the summer-autumn period, the food-borne transmission was dominant for the acute enteric infection; and mainly people in the 20-30 age group were involved in the epidemic process. Halophilic vibrios are found in surface watercourse of the Vladivostok, Nakhodka, Partizansky and Khasansky districts in recreation zones, which creates an additional risk of the infection process development, infections caused by halophilic vibrios among the local population.
BIOSAFETY OF THE FAR EAST REGION OF RUSSIA: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND EPIZOOTIC TRENDS
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalya A. , Andryukov B. G
Published: March 2020

Biological safety acquires a national scale, affecting a wide range of issues, including the fundamentals of the sustainable economic development of the state and, in particular, of the Russian Far East. This study was conducted as part of the implementation of the Integrated Basic Research Program «Far East», adopted by the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) for 2018-2020. Objective: analysis of the main epidemiological and epizootic trends in the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and the assessment of the concept of biological safety as the basis for the sustainable development of the Far Eastern region of the Russian Federation. Increasing the level of biosafety and protection from the threats of dangerous infectious diseases in the DFO can be achieved, among other things, by forming regional programs of basic and applied research on current problems of epidemiology, medical microbiology, genetics and molecular biology of bacteria.
LABORATORY BIOMARKERS OF SEPSIS
Authors: Saifullin Ruslan F. , Sinyavkin D. O
Published: March 2020

Sepsis - one of the leading cause of death on the planet, mortality rate in septic shock can be up to 50%. Timely treatment start and outcomes of disease are directly depend from early and precise diagnostics of sepsis. For the present, the “golden standart” in diagnosing sepsis is growing blood culture from patient’s’ samples. However, taking into account necessarity of fast descision making about starting intensive threatment, speed of blood culture test for quick descision about starting theratment is insufficient. At the same time, modern laboratory medicine have wide spectre of different biomarkers, which can be applied in diagnosing sepsis. In literature review discussed main biomarkers, used in sepsis diagnostics.
Convincing EFL students to practice writing: Assigning collaborative writing tasks as extra credit pop quizzes
Authors: Ennis Michael Joseph
Published: March 2020

This paper reports the results of a replication experiment on the effectiveness of extra credit pop quizzes within the context of English for specific academic purposes course. In the original experiment, multiple-choice pop quizzes assigned as extra credit were found to be effective at increasing student attendance rates, classroom participation, the pass rate and student satisfaction, without undermining learning objectives or causing grade inflation. This replication sought to maintain these positive results, while mitigating the loss of instructional hours available for formative tasks. This was attempted by converting collaborative writing into unannounced extra credit assignments as substitutes for multiple-choice quizzes. In addition to maintaining the increased level of student effort, awarding extra credit for formative tasks was found to be a more efficient allocation of class time, resulting in a significant increase in student submission of collaborative writing assignments.

Keywords: Extra credit, ESAP, collaborative writing, continuous assessment, higher education.
Incorporating systemic functional linguistics in the unlock course book: English intermediate level at Birzeit University
Authors: Ishnaiwer Mohamed
Published: March 2020

This research attempts to develop a supplementary writing teaching method that is compatible with the Unlock intermediate level students at Birzeit University. To achieve this goal, the study identifies four general writing needs and purposes for such students: understanding purpose and genre; using clause and sentence structure for these purposes and text types; developing a sense of audience and writing coherently. This review includes an overview of genre and the three register dimensions: ideational, interpersonal and textual. Writing instruction is provided through two teaching methodologies: Joint Construction and the Logical Tree which will be discussed thoroughly under the Methodology section. The sample of this study is 54 intermediate level students of Unlock English program; 27 of which were the control group and the other 27 were the experimental group. The overall results showed more use of the measured variables in the experimental group than in the control one.

Keywords: Systemic functional linguistics, unlock course book, metafunctions, ideational, interpersonal, textual.
Pragmatic potential of onomatopoeia in animated movies for children
Authors: Lukyanova Valentina , Koloskova Olga
Published: March 2020

This paper reflects the results of the investigation into pragmatic potential of onomatopoeia as a part of childrenâ€™s movies. The enquiry into this subject was conducted within the framework of the project devoted to the evolution and functioning of language within films for children. The paper includes the analysis of onomatopoeia through language development aspects, stylistic and pragmatic analysis. In this regard our attention is focused on the semantic, pragmatic and linguistic characteristics of onomatopoeia. It has been suggested that the onomatopoeia performs different functions within the childrenâ€™s movies acting as a strong expressive component, reflecting the level of speech development, conveying emotions, describing nature, supporting musical mood in songs, attracts childâ€™s attention to the most important character or event, forming new hybrid words to convey extra connotations, participating in wordplay such as pun or parody, developing mental activity, linguistic intuition and social communicative skills.

Keywords: Onomatopoeia, language development, pragmatic potential, semantic and functional feature, animated movies for children.
Il linfoma di Hodgkin nei soggetti con infezione da HIV.
Authors: M Franzetti , al. et
Published: March 2020

L’avvento della terapia antiretrovirale combinata (cART) ha ridotto in maniera significativa l’incidenza degli eventi AIDS, inclusi i tumori maligni AIDS-definenti. Ciononostante, diversi studi di coorte condotti nel periodo post cART hanno riportato un aumento del rischio di tumori non AIDS-definenti. Nei pazienti immunosoppressi, il linfome di Hodgkin (HL) si verifica più frequentemente che nella popolazione generale. HL è associato con il virus di Epstein-Barr nella maggior parte dei pazienti con HIV, ma le osservazioni cliniche sull’effetto dell’immuno-ricostituzione sul suo sviluppo sono contrastanti. Il ruolo della cART concomitante è stato chiaramente dimostrato nel contesto della chemioterapia per HL, con un aumento significativo dei tassi di risposta completa, sopravvivenza complessiva e libera da eventi, quando cART e chemioterapia venivano usate insieme. Nella popolazione HIV, a confronto con la popolazione generale, negli ultimi decenni si è osservato un miglioramento, dovuto soprattutto alla disponibilità di adeguati trattamenti, che ha condotto a tassi di risposta comparabili.
I pazienti naive delle coorti SCOLTA: motivi di interruzione durante il primo anno di trattamento.
Authors: E Ricci , al. et
Published: March 2020

Il progetto SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-term Toxicity Antiretrovirals) è un sistema di sorveglianza online degli eventi avversi dei farmaci antiretrovirali di recente commercializzazione. È uno studio di farmacovigilanza prospettico, multicentrico, che prevede una coorte di pazienti per ciascun nuovo farmaco. In questa analisi, sono stati inclusi tutti i pazienti naïve che hanno iniziato un trattamento di prima linea con lopinavir (LPV), atazanavir (ATZ), raltegravir (RTG), darunavir (DRV), rilpivirina (RPV), elvitegravir (EVG), e dolutegravir (DTG). Dal 2002, abbiamo incluso 697 pazienti naïve. Le caratteristiche basali dei pazienti erano diverse nelle diverse coorti, in termini sia epidemiologici che di variabili relative all’infezione. Utilizzando DTG come gruppo di riferimento, i pazienti in LPV avevano una probabilità maggiore di interrompere il trattamento durante il primo anno (HR 2.89, 95% CI 1.68-4.98, p=0.0001) e quelli in RPV una probabilità inferiore (HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.83, p=0.02). In tutte le coorti, i pazienti presentavano meno interruzioni rispetto a LPV, con differenza significativa per DRV, RPV, EVG e DTG. Colesterolo totale e HDL aumentavano in LPV, EVG e DTG, mentre in DRV oltre al colesterolo totale anche i trigliceridi presentavano un aumento significativo. La variazione del peso era positiva in tutte le coorti. I CD4 aumentavano significativamente in tutti i farmaci in studio, ma la soppressione virale a 6 mesi era meno frequente nelle coorti più vecchie. Questa analisi riflette la storia della terapia antiretrovirale di prima linea degli ultimi 20 anni. Nelle nostre coorti, abbiamo osservato che la durability aumenta nel tempo, in concomitanza con l’inizio del trattamento in pazienti con infezione meno avanzata e con la disponibilità di terapie antiretrovirali in combinazione più tollerabili.