bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological effects of schisandra chinensis medicines and prospects of their use in clinical medicine (literature review)
Authors: Yelyzaveta Yatsyk , Kozlov Oleksandr , Tkachenko Svitlana
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The constant action of harmful factors, increased levels of neuropsychological stress and stress-associated decline in immunity increase scientific interest for studying the therapeutic properties of phytoadaptogens. In particular, the study of preventive use of drugs based on the adaptogen of oriental traditional medicine – schisandra (Schisandra chinensis) is now gaining relevance. The aim of the study. To analyze modern scientific sources of literature on the main characteristics and use of Schisandra chinensis, to identify the dominant biological effects and prospects for the use of adaptogen in the prevention and treatment of disorders of the nervous system. Materials and methods. The analyzed literature was searched using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Medline, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Results. This review demonstrates a wide range of effects of S. chinensis chemical components on the activity of various human organ systems. Based on the available data, it was found that the antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects of chinese magnolia-vine have been actively studied. Special attention was paid to the psychophysiological properties of adaptogens, in particular S. chinensis. Experimental use of S. chinensis in mice with neurodegenerative disorders has shown an improvement in animal mental activity. Clinical trials of adaptogenic drugs with a high content of chinese magnolia-vine components have shown improved cognitive activity, speed and accuracy of movement in tired people, although in the literature there are cases when the consumption of mixtures did not show the desired results. Conclusions. The analysis of literature data confirms the prospects of using S. chinensis as a mean of prophylactic treatment in clinical medicine. However, despite the large amount of scientific research on the adaptogenic potential of chinese magnolia, the results of S. chinensis influence on human cognitive abilities are contradictory and need further study in the future.
The Generational Differences on Perceived Organizational Justice and EVLN Response before and after COVID-19
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Governance Studies, Cho Yusun , Ryu Lanhee
Published: April 2023

In order to find the reasons for great resignation among MZ generation public employees, this research aimed to analyze the generational differences on perceived organizational justice and EVLN response behavior before and after COVID-19. By conducting a comparative analysis on the 2015 and 2021 ‘Public Employees Perception Survey’ conducted by Korea Institute of Public Administration, this research found that MZ generation had lower levels of perceived distributive justice than old generation in the public sector. Furthermore, their perception on distributive justice changed lower after COVID-19. With considering the fact that the empirical analyses of this research found three types of perceived organizational justice(i.e., distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice) were significantly associated with four types of reactive organizational behaviors(i.e., exit, voice, loyalty, neglect), personnel management system for improving public employees perception on organizational justice should be introduced. Especially, the findings of this research implies that the importance of developing current performance-based incentive system of the public sector as MZ generation public employees had responded sensitively to distributive justice.
Simulating the interaction of the catcher of a raspberry harvester with stems
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Ozherelev Viktor N.
Published: April 2023

The industrial demand for raspberry harvesters is high again. The article presents domestic and foreign experience in the development and improvement of raspberry harvester catchers. The authors note the pre-dominance of non-driven plateand disk-type catchers. They list some advantages of the catcher with the arrangement of each section disks on the longitudinal beam hinged to the harvester frame in its upper part. The gravitation moment of the catcher sections arising as a result of this design solution forcibly compresses the raspberry row to an acceptable width. To obtain the information necessary for further improvement of the design, the authors studied the raspberry stem stand of the Balsam variety. As a result, they obtained a regression model of the relationship between the transverse force acting on the stem necessary for the raspberry row formation, its diameter and the required transverse limb. The pairwise correlation coeffi cient (0.617) indicates a dominant infl uence of raspberry stem diameter on the transverse force. They also determined the value of the moment of gravity of the catcher sections that is adapted to the optimal row density and equals 1085 N·m. The determined parameters are readily adjustable.
Assessment of the application rates of liquid manure sub-soil injection
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Panov Andrey I
Published: April 2023

The subsoil injection of liquid manure in large application rates (up to 100 t/ha and above) using a chisel subsoiler with a hose system increases soil fertility and is environmentally safe. A chisel subsoiler can be equipped with fi ve or six chisel tools with fl at-cut openers (small, with a working width of 325 mm and large 800 mm) with a width of tine spacing in the transverse direction of 890 and 680 mm, respectively. The depth of the chisel tools is 20 to 40 cm. The operating speed of the unit is 0.7 to 1.4 m/s. To assess the possible amount of applied liquid manure, the authors have obtained a mathematical model determining the application rate of fertilizers depending on the design and technological parameters (the geometry and installation depth of chisel tools of various widths in the tool settings, the unit speed) and soil properties. It has been established that in the range of operating speeds of 0.5 to 0.8 m/s, the maximum application rate of liquid manure for a subsoiler with fi ve working tools with openings 0.8 m wide is 80 to 90 t/ha, with six working tools - 110 to 120 t/ha. The research results show that various options for the unit settings provide for the application of liquid manure at a rate of 40 to 120 t/ha in accordance with agrotechnical requirements and environmental friendliness of the technology.
Experimental effi ciency studies of the hydrodynamic fi ltration of diesel fuel
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Ulyukina Elena A.
Published: April 2023

The existing designs of standard fuel treatment filters containing replaceable filter elements have a short service life and do not always fully meet the requirements of highly effi cient fuel filtering. Based of new technical solutions, the authors designed a hydrodynamic filter with hydrophobic screen partition. The filter element with a hydrophobic screen partition was tested at 20°C with diesel fuel DT-5 EURO, class 4, type III according to GOST Р 52368-2005 (ЕН 590:2004) under the standard test procedure of filters and fi lter-separators for ground fuel filtering facilities. The content of mechanical impurities in diesel fuel was determined according to GOST EH 12662-2016. To statistically process research results, the authors used Statgraphics software package. It has been established that in the hydrodynamic filter the separating screen partition No. 004 has optimal cell size and acceptable hydraulic characteristics. The authors conducted a full factorial experiment to estimate the partition’s infl uence on the filtering properties. According to its results, the greatest infl uence on the removal of mechanical impurities at hydrodynamic filtration belongs to the speed of fuel fl ow, the smallest - the partition inclination angle and the concentration of mechanical impurities. The presented regression model of hydrodynamic filtering is useful for forecasting the effi ciency of diesel fuel cleaning. The conducted research is helpful for determining physical operating conditions of the hydrodynamic filter with a hydrophobic screen partition at the designing stage and setting design parameters of filtering partitions to ensure the optimum functioning of the device.
Obtaining an anti-wear additive to lubricants based on fat-containing waste from meat processing enterprises
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Gaidar Sergey M.
Published: April 2023

Fat-containing waste from the meat processing industry (crude fat) is an inexpensive renewable raw material for the production of surfactants. The authors propose a technology of processing crude fat into surfactants that consists of two technological processes: demulsifi cation of a fat-containing aqueous emulsion and production of technical fat (triglyceride); technical fat processing into a surfactant (amide-fatty acids). The article presents a technological scheme of processing crude fat into technical fat. The technology of processing triglycerides has been tested in a laboratory pilot plant. Surfactants were synthetized when technical fat, monoethanolamine and boric acid were heated to a temperature of 180°C for 1.5 hours at a ratio (wt.%): technical fat - 65.3 to 72.4; monoethanolamine -14.5 to 170; boric acid - 100. The resulting surfactant was tested on a four-ball friction machine as an anti-wear additive to lubricating oils. The results of tribological tests have shown the high effi ciency of the obtained surfactant when used as an anti-wear additive in the base oil I-20 in an amount of 10%. Wear for the control sample (base oil) amounted to 207 microns, and that for a lubricant composition based on fatty acid amides - to 167 microns. The developed technology of processing crude fat into surfactants can be recommended for obtaining technical products: corrosion inhibitors, anti-wear additives, emulsifi ers, technical detergents, etc.
Changing the operating mode of the 6 kV power supply system when switching from the isolated to the resistive-grounded neutral
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Kondrateva Nadezhda P.
Published: April 2023

The existing system of the electric network 6 kV used in the greenhouse facilities “Ovoshchi Krasnodarskogo kraya” with the insulated neutral does not ensure its reliable operation. Short single-phase short circuits in the network lead to ferroresonance, multiple short circuits and failure of power line sections and electrical equipment of the network up to the complete halting of greenhouse production. To eliminate ferroresonance processes and overvoltages in the electrical network and increase the reliability of the electrical supply system of the greenhouse facilities “Ovoshchi Krasnodarskogo kraya”, the authors have analyzed the effi ciency of an electrical supply system of 6kV network at its transition from the isolated neutral to the resistive-earthed neutral. They have determined the values of the capacitive currents of the electric network sections of the greenhouse facilities to show the excess of their allowable values. Based on the results obtained, they have stated the need for the modernization of the neutral grounding system of the electric network of the greenhouse facilities by transition to the neutral grounding through the low resistors used in commercially available transformer neutral grounding cabinets with the resistors 100 ohm for the 6 kV networks. The change in operating mode of the high-voltage network of the greenhouse enterprise from the isolated neutral to the resistive-grounded neutral ensured its reliable operation without interruptions of power supply and disconnection of its consumers. The network modernization has increased the current at the point of a single-phase short circuit to ground and provided the possibility of an immediate shut down of the damaged lines, thereby avoiding repeated short circuits in power lines and damage of electric equipment caused by ferroresonance. It has also reduced the probability of intermittent short-circuits, overvoltage in the network and electric shock to personnel and bystanders.1
İslam Ahlak Filozof ve Düşünürlerinde Üzüntüyle Başa Çıkma Yöntemleri
Authors: TAŞÇİ YILDIRIM Emine , ATAR Armağan
Published: April 2023

Hüzün, dert, keder ve gamı ifade etmek üzere kullanılan üzüntü, ruhsal bir acı olarak tarif edilmektedir. Üzüntü, ruh sağlığını konu edinen İslam ahlak felsefesi içerisinde ele alınmıştır. İslam ahlak filozofları üzüntüyü, ruhsal bir hastalık ve insanın mutluğunu engelleyici bir hal olarak görmüşlerdir. Gayesi insanı mutluluğa ulaştırmak olan İslam ahlak felsefesi, insanı mutsuz eden ve ruh sağlığını bozan sorunlara çare bulmayı amaçlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla ruh sağlığını korumak için üzüntüden kurtulmak gerekmektedir. Tıbbu’r-ruhânî geleneği kapsamında üzüntüden kurtulma çareleri aranmıştır. Bu çalışmada İslam ahlak felsefesinde üzüntünün sebepleri ve üzüntüden kurtuluş çareleri incelenmiştir. Üzüntüye eserlerinde doğrudan yer veren İslam ahlak filozof ve düşünürlerin görüşleri dikkat alınmış ve ortaya koydukları çözümler değerlendirilmiştir. İlk olarak sebeplerin tespitinin doğru çözümün bulunması açısından önemine binaen üzüntünün sebepleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonrasında ise Kindî ve Râzî’nin üzüntüyle mücadelede belirledikleri iki yol dikkate alınmıştır. Bunlar, üzüntü başa gelmeden alınacak tedbirler ve geldikten sonra baş etme yöntemleri şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Genel olarak ortaya konulan çözümlerde bilişsel yolla bir mücadele ön görülmüştür. İnsanda farkındalık oluşturmak, aklını kullanmasını sağlamak ile sahip olmaktan çok olmaya odaklanmakla, sabır ve metanetle üzüntüyle baş edilebileceği vurgulanmıştır. İslam ahlak filozoflarının üzüntüyle baş etmeye yönelik önerilerinin yansımalarını yas, acı ve depresyona yönelik uygulanan bilişsel terapi, grupla terapi, kabul ve kararlılık terapilerinde görmek mümkündür.
Hafızlık Deneyiminin Psikolojik Yaklaşımla İncelenmesi
Authors: KARAGÖZ Sema
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, yüzyıllardır Müslüman-Türk kültüründe değer atfedilen hafızlık ritüelinin bireylerin yaşamındaki rolü ele alınmıştır. Hafızlığa yönelme nedenlerini, hafızlığın yaşama kattığı anlamı, eğitim sürecinde yaşananları ve hafızlığın yaşama etkilerini açığa çıkarmaya çalışan bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nitel araştırma tekniklerinden de durum çalışmasına başvurulmuştur. Yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, hafız olmaya hak kazanmış 20 kişiyle ev, iş yeri veya topluma açık alanlarda yüz yüze ya da online görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular 7 ana temada sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu temalar hafız olmaya yönelmede etkili olan faktörler, hafızlığın anlamlandırılması, yaşanan sıkıntılar, hafızlığın başa çıkmayla ilişkisi, hafızlığın yaşam tarzını şekillendirmedeki rolü, Tanrı tasavvuru ve hafızlığın bireye etkileridir. Sonuç itibariyle denilebilir ki, hafızlık eğitimi ve hafızlık kişilerin yaşamında çok boyutlu bir etki alanına sahiptir. Yaşamda amaçlar belirlemek ve yaşama anlam kazandırmakta bir referans kaynağıdır. Bunun yanında, kişilerin yaşamlarını şekillendirme fonksiyonuna sahiptir ve Tanrı tasavvurlarının oluşumunu etkilemektedir. Ayrıca hafızlık eğitimi çeşitli zorlukları barından bir süreçtir ve başa çıkmayla yakından ilişkilidir. İlerleyen süreçlerde ise hafızlık başlı başına bir başa çıkma stratejisine dönüşebilmektedir. Hafızlık eğitiminin bireyin tutum ve davranışlarında birtakım etkilere ve değişimlere yol açtığı da tespit edilen bir diğer önemli bulgudur. Hafızlık bağlamında din psikolojisi bakış açısıyla yapılacak nitel ve nicel araştırmaların önem taşıyacağı düşülmektedir.
Dark days and vomit
Authors: Hipplewith Joanne
Published: April 2023

Exegesis
The spoken word piece that follows is from a “withness” sense of us all having mental health, not just those we work with. It is raw, disturbing and provocative. A living assemblage of words, rhythms, sounds, beats, feelings and thoughts that stir. A jigsaw of personal and professional contextual living in and habitation of different and similar landscapes, hxstories and environments. This piece resonates with the near and far, steps and breaths, in settings, books, home and abroad. Relational contexts are performed from inside/outside and outside/inside knowledges. The poem was written in one sitting late in 2022. The rawness of the grammar in places and words combine and create this piece in which a rhythm is created on living substances, a heartbeat, a drum, an urge and whispers.
“NEW” POETRY OF THE 1900S AND 1910S IN T.E. HULME’S AESTHETICS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Dikun Marina M.
Published: April 2023

The English critic and poet Thomas Ernest Hulme (1883–1917) is not well known in Russia. Despite the significance of his contribution to the development of English-language poetry, the degree to which his role in the historical and literary context of the 20th century was studied in Russian literary studies seems insufficient. The lack of Russian translations of his essays and journalism, and the shortness of his literary career, narrowed the context in which Hulme is usually viewed to the Imagist movement. The article attempts to make a shift in focusing the attention from Hulme’s poetry to his literary and critical texts and to formulate the basic principles of his aesthetic theory.
PROSE OF ORTHODOX WRITERS OF THE 20TH - 21ST CENTURIES AS A NATURAL PHENOMENON IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE BOOK REVIEW: BOYKO S.S. BOOKS FOR IMMORTALS. THEOCENTRIC PROSE OF ORTHODOX WRITERS OF THE 20TH - 21ST CENTURIES. MOSCOW: RSUH, 2021. 345 P.
Authors:   Museum of the History of Obninsk, Pak Nadezhda I.
Published: April 2023

The review considers the book by S.S. Boyko “Books for immortals. Theocentric prose of Orthodox writers of the 20th – 21st centuries”. The necessity and importance of the research is noted for determining, on the one hand, the essential importance of above prose in the life of modern society, and on the other – its organic inscriptibility into the history of Russian literature
AUTOFICTION OR PSEUDO-AUTOBIOGRAPHY. GENRE SPECIFICS IN MODERN RUSSIAN LITERATURE
Authors:   Maxim Gorky Institute of Literature and Creative Writing, Belogortsev Andrei D.
Published: April 2023

The article is about the emergence of autofiction (pseudo-autobiography) as a new genre in modern Russian literature on the example of the works by Andrei Astvatsaturov, Sergei Dovlatov, Roman Senchin, Eduard Limonov, Zakhar Prilepin, Dmitry Danilov, Alexander Khristoforov, as well as the works by Sylvia Plath, Janet Winterson and Carl Ove Knausgor as modern foreign literature representatives of the autofiction genre in the Russian book market. The article discusses the history of the autofiction emergence from the point of view of the genre origin abroad, and from the standpoint of home literary criticism. It describes the representatives of modern Russian literature whose works are in the autofiction genre analyzes the specifics and unique features of autofiction like stylistic, contextual and other typical characteristics that make it possible to single out this genre as an independent one, are analyzed in the article. The author presents results of a comparative analysis of diaries and autobiographies as literary genres according to the criteria of completeness, usage purpose, attitude to publications, dating and facts reliability, and identifies the elements that determine autofiction specifics. Particular attention is paid to Andrey Astvatsaturov’ literature as he analytically proves his autofiction genre choice to create his works.
VISUAL IMAGES OF MEMORY IN THE POEMS OF YU. LEVITANSKY “SO WHAT IF I WAS THERE…” AND “MEMORY”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Malkina Victoria Ya.
Published: April 2023

The article considers two poems by Yury Levitansky, “So what if i was there...” and “Memory” (both of them are included into the book of poems, “Letters to Katerina, or A walk with Faust», 1981), from the perspective of the representation in them of the memory visual images. In both texts, memory is not a mere motif, but a structure-forming category in the lyrical poem’s imagery and plot structure. It’s so because the abstract category of memory is conveyed through sensual, primarily visual images, such as space and its various patterns (such as vertical/horizontal, widening/shrinking), colour, light, etc. Visual imagery combines with the direct and transgressive vision of the lyrical subject. Through the visual images of memory, the lyrical subject experiences and reinterprets traumatic experiences are experienced and reinterpreted. In turn, the representation of visual images of memory not only organizes the lyrical event and the lyrical plot, but also makes it possible to appeal to the reader’s imagination and his/her historical memory
BUDDHIST IMAGES IN THE PROSE AND POETIC WORKS OF E. LIMONOV. BETWEEN REJECTION AND ACCEPTANCE
Authors:   Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Dubakov Leonid V.
Published: April 2023

The aim of the work is to analyze Buddhist images, motifs, ideas present in Limonov’s novels, stories, poems and essays; as well as the features of Limonov’s perception of the Buddhist religion. E. Limonov refers to Buddhism in his work already in the early period and pays attention to it throughout the entire creative path. Buddhism for Limonov is closely connected with geographical space. It’s the religion of the East, which is ideologically opposed to the West. The same confrontation can be seen in Limonov’s stories written in the West: Buddhism is portrayed in them as a religion of peace against the backdrop of non-virtuous European fuss. Buddhism in the mature Limonov’s works is also an integral part of the large Russian world, where, being Russified, different cultures, religions and political projects are united. Buddhist motifs manifest themselves differently in Limonov’s Russian urban and communal everyday life, in the landscape – both negatively and harmoniously. Buddha Shakyamuni in Limonov’s works is not an object for veneration, but a variant of an “unearthly” superman revolutionizing the spiritual life of people. Limonov’s attitude to Buddhism ranges from acceptance to denial. Such different positions are due either to his subjective assessment of specific people who find themselves in connection with Buddhism, or to political or philosophical expediency.
ÜSTBİLİŞSEL YAZMA STRATEJİLERİNİ KULLANMA EĞİLİMİ ÖLÇEĞİ
Authors: EROL Teymur , KAVRUK Hasan
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin üstbilişsel yazma stratejilerine başvurma eğilimini belirlemek için beşli Likert biçiminde tasarlanmış bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Çalışmada korelasyonel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma verileri, Malatya ili merkez ilçelerinde bulunan ortaokul öğrencilerinden basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemiyle tek seferde toplanmış, daha sonra iki aşamalı faktör analizi için rastgele iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, kapsam ve yapı geçerliği bakımından analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda ölçek geliştirme süreçlerinde kullanılan faktör analizi tekniğine başvurularak veriler iki aşamada analiz edilmiştir. İlk aşamada birinci çalışma grubunda bulunan 443 öğrencinin verileri kullanılarak açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve 35 maddeden oluşan tek faktörlü ölçek yapısı ortaya çıkmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı 0,93 olarak hesaplanmıştır. İkinci aşamada diğer çalışma grubunda bulunan 354 öğrenciden elde edilen verilerek kullanılarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tek faktörlü olduğu belirlenen model, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılarak test edilmiş ve doğrulanmıştır. Böylece ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
CAVITATION FUSION BY ENERGY-INTENSIVE MULTIFUNCTION CAVITATION IN A STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD WITH LASER LIGHT EXCITATION
Authors: Yoshimura Toshihiko
Published: April 2023

This paper introduces an experimental apparatus capable of producing cavitation fusion based on laser-assisted high-magnetic-field energy-intensive multifunction cavitation. Combining water jet, ultrasonic and magnetic field energy sources has been shown to increase the luminescence intensity in this system such that the threshold required for deuterium-tritium fusion can be exceeded. The incorporation of a laser provides a further improvement in emission intensity based on an increase in the internal temperature of bubbles. Multiphoton excitation induced by the laser irradiation raises the pressure generated during collisions between bubbles. Consequently, the probability of achieving cavitation fusion is greatly enhanced.
Education System and International Development Cooperation in the Thailand-Myanmar Border: The Case of Karen Migrant Learning Centers
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Mun Kihong
Published: April 2023

This study examines the relationship between the education system and international development cooperation in the Thai-Myanmar border region. The uniqueness of the border region stems from the presence of refugees and migrants from Myanmar living near the border within Thai territory, whom the political and social unrest in Myanmar has displaced. Of particular interest is the use of education to cultivate and preserve their ethnicity by the Karen people, who constitute the largest group in the border region. To better understand this, the paper analyzed the overall educational history and process of the Karen people. The research conducted case studies in three representative migrant schools in Mae Sot province, offering a comprehensive curriculum from kindergarten to college preparatory courses. Data from questionnaires and in-depth interviews collected during the fieldwork revealed that migrant schools adopt somewhat different curricula based on their geographical and environmental specificities, which significantly impact their students' academic and career development. The curriculum in these schools is a mix of Karen nationalist perspectives and external (international) influences. In addition, programs to pursue academic continuity, such as taking the GED in Thailand and Myanmar and the GED in the United States, are relatively well organized. However, due to their precarious status as migrants and the lack of career and vocational programs, there are many challenges for migrant youth to find professional jobs and develop career plans accordingly. The paper proposes that International Development Cooperation projects regarding education on the border should consider supporting students in designing their career paths, developing their skills, and promoting their social participation after graduation. In addition, when designing international development cooperation projects related to education, we should not limit their social participation and entry into the workforce to employment. However, we should consider developing curricula that reflect the two countries' contrasting education systems and regional specificities through coordination between various stakeholders.
NATO’s and Russian involvement in the Libyan Crisis in a view of the Post-Cold War Realism vs. Humanitarianism
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Zmire Zeljana , Kim Sang Kyou
Published: April 2023

The study investigates NATO’s and Russian involvement in the Libyan crisis by evaluating their actions from realist and humanitarian perspectives. There have been numerous studies portraying Middle East conflicts as great power confrontations and the mere pursuit of geopolitical interests. The study counters these explanations by analyzing the actions of the US, European powers, and Russia, and demonstrates how there were specific cases during which they acted in a humanitarian manner, while at other times they acted as realist powers. The study proves that when all three powers pursued humanitarian objectives, it led to a prompt collective action. However, when one or more of them pursued realist objectives, it led to a prolongation of the conflict. Nevertheless, when NATO powers (the US and European states) acted on humanitarian motives and Russia refrained from actively pursuing realist interests, collective action was still possible. Furthermore, even when all powers pursued realist motives, collective action was possible as those motives did not collide. The study implies that the application of R2P as a newly emerging form of international law might be possible elsewhere given that certain conditions are met.
Underwater Image Enhancement Using MIRNet
Authors: Muthusamy Thamarai , Aruna S P , Sonti Kamesh , Chakravarthi P.Sudheer
Published: April 2023

In recent years, enhancement of underwater images is a challenging task, which is gaining priority since the human eye cannot perceive images under water. The significant details underwater are not clearly captured using the conventional image acquisition techniques, and also they are expensive. Hence, the quality of the image processing algorithms can be enhanced in the absence of costly and reliable acquisition techniques. Traditional algorithms have certain limitations in the case of these images with varying degrees of fuzziness and color deviation. In the proposed model, the authors used a deep learning model for underwater image enhancement. First, the original image is pre-processed by the white balance algorithm for colour correction and the contrast of the image is improved using the contrast enhancement technique. Next, the pre-processed image is given to the MIRNet for enhancement. MIRNet is a deep learning framework that can be used to enhance the low-light level images. The enhanced image quality is measured using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), root mean square error (RMSE), and structural similarity index (SSIM) parameters.
Thermal, Sound and Fire Performance Properties of Prefabricated Facade Panels with Massive, Sandwich and Frame Design Concepts
Authors: AKKAN Ayça , VURAL Nilhan
Published: April 2023

Many reasons such as the Industrial Revolution and the need for rapid building production after the Second World War have led to an acceleration of developments in the construction sector and new construction systems have emerged. These construction systems have brought forth the need for new facade designs. Prefabricated facade panels designed with the aim of quickly closing a building whose structure is completed so that it is least affected by external environmental conditions and ensuring that the facades created can exhibit good performance are also among these innovations. In this study, thermal and sound insulation, and fire resistance performance characteristics of prefabricated facade panels with wood, concrete, metal, or terracotta-based structure material, made with three different design concepts as massive, sandwich, and frame, were examined. The study is considered important because it examines the characteristics of facade elements aimed at improving the quality of the indoor environment.
Der nicht einfache Weg zum »ausreichend guten Vater«
Authors: Rass Eva
Published: April 2023

Das Thema »Vater« stellt innerhalb der empirischen Familienforschung inzwischen einen eigenständigen Forschungsgegenstand dar. Interdisziplinäre Annäherung ist notwendig, um die Entwicklung zu verantwortungsvoller Väterlichkeit aus verschiedenen Perspektiven zu erfassen. Bedeutsam ist in diesem Zusammenhang eine neurobiologisch ausgerichtete Entwicklungspsychologie, da die Forschung mit großer Klarheit zeigen kann, dass das weibliche und männliche Gehirn unterschiedlich reift und insbesondere die Reifung des männlichen Gehirns spezifische Anforderungen an die Fürsorgeumgebung stellt, damit das höchst vulnerable und langsamer reifende Gehirn des kleinen Buben stressregulierende neuronale Muster für das spätere Leben aufbauen kann. Die Reifung der sozialen und emotionalen Funktionen erfordert sowohl in den Kindheitsals auch in den Jugendjahren zuverlässige Unterstützung, was auch noch mit Eintritt in die Vaterschaft gilt. Das Aufwachsen mit einem ausreichend guten Vater ist sowohl für Mädchen als auch für Buben mit einem Entwicklungsvorteil verbunden und so gilt es – sofern notwendig –, dem Vater nachreifend diese Funktionen aufbauen zu helfen.
Sichere Bindung als Quell von Zwischenmenschlichkeit – die MVT-Gruppentherapie
Authors: Ahrend Silke
Published: April 2023

Menschen kommen in die Gruppentherapie, weil sie sich dafür entschieden haben, dass ihre zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen im Alltag zu ihrer PartnerIn, ihren Kindern, FreundInnen und KollegInnen besser gelingen sollen, anstatt dass sie in typischen Stresssituationen immer wieder in dysfunktionale emotionale Reaktionsmuster verfallen. Sie wollen ihr persönliches, bisher ungelebtes Potenzial entfalten, indem sie mit Freude den Werten folgen, die ihnen in ihrem Leben wirklich wichtig sind. Allerdings erleben sie sich aus ihrer PatientInnensicht immer wieder als zutiefst ambivalent, wenn sie mit ihrer störungsbedingten Symptomatik identifiziert sind und sich in ihren Kompetenzen als defizitär empfinden. Mit der embodimentorientierten und integrativen MVT-Gruppentherapie (Mentalisierungsfördernde Verhaltenstherapie MVT nach Serge Sulz) kann ein strategischer Persönlichkeitsentwicklungsprozess in und mit der Gruppe gestaltet werden, der den PatientInnen die noch fehlenden Kompetenzen vermittelt. Quell für die Entfaltung von Zwischenmenschlichkeit und der eigenen Potenziale ist die Verinnerlichung von sicherer Bindung in der Gruppe. Die Gruppe gestaltet gemeinsam einen zwischenmenschlichen Vertrauensund Resonanzraum für tiefe korrigierende Erfahrungen persönlicher Bindungsverletzungen, die den Ursprung der emotionalen Überlebensregel und der dysfunktionalen Beziehungsmuster bilden. Die kontinuierlich angebotenen »Antidots« ermöglichen die fortlaufende Befriedigung defizitärer Bedürfnisse und unterstützen das Bewusstwerden im Prozess von »Heilung und Wachstum der verletzten Seele« zu einem sicher gebundenen und reiferen Menschen. Der MVT-Gruppenprozess folgt sechs Stufen der Bewusstseinsentwicklung zu einem freien Menschen und fördert mit sieben MVT-Modulen insbesondere den Übergang von der egozentrischen zur empathischen Beziehungsgestaltung. Die5 PatientIn kann am Ende dieses Prozesses mit sich selbst und mit den anderen Menschen empathisch verbunden sein, so wie sie es in der Gruppe in tiefen zwischenmenschlichen Begegnungen erlebt und mentalisiert hat. In diesem Artikel wird zunächst die praktische und theoretische Vermittlung der Mentalisierungsund Entwicklungsförderung in der Gruppe anhand des persönlichen Erfahrungsberichtes einer MVT-Gruppentherapeutin vorgestellt. Der zweite Teil widmet sich Sinn und Zweck der MVT-Gruppentherapie und der dritte Teil gibt einen wesentlichen Überblick zur allgemeinen Struktur und Ablauf auf Grundlage der ersten vier Entwicklungsstufen bis zur Empathie-Stufe sowie der sieben MVT-Module2. Abschließend wird im vierten Teil auf die Entwicklung der therapeutischen Haltung und die begleitende Supervision einer MVT-Gruppentherapeutin eingegangen.
Determination of the Distribution and Sources of Inorganic Pollutants in Particular Material in the Atmosphere of Istanbul
Authors: Çelen Cemil , Çağlar Nuray , Gençer Balkıs Bircan , Aksu Abdullah
Published: April 2023

In this study, metal analyzes were made on filtered samples belonging to different periods of 2017 and 2018 at the air quality stations in Yenibosna, Aksaray and Kadıköy in Istanbul, and were evaluated together with sulfate, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and ozone parameters published by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Correlations among the metals and among gases were calculated. Considering all the data, the heavy metals with the highest correlation were Fe-Cu (0.93) and Mn-Zn (0.80). In order to determine whether the metal analysis results are at the level of pollution, the enrichment factor was calculated by taking the aluminum element as a reference. The elements that was seen enrichment in all stations are Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb. In addition, the ratios of the average enrichment factors to each other were calculated in order to determine the changes in the compared periods (summer-winter or months) at the stations. In the Aksaray station, where summer-winter comparison was made, the metals with the highest enrichment in winter were Pb and Ni. In order to see the effect of the quarantines applied periodically throughout the country due to the Covid-19 pandemic on the air pollution in Istanbul, the pollutant gas data shared by the IMM AQMC for 2019, 2020 and 2021 years were evaluated and seen that different situations at each station. In Kadıköy station, both the lowest CO and the highest NO and NOx (although they decreased significantly) emissions were determined in 2021.
Aclaramiento de lactato como factor pronóstico en pacientes con traumatismo penetrante Revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Gonzáles Mercedes , Morales Carlos  Hernando , Sanabria Álvaro
Published: April 2023

Introducción. El aclaramiento de lactato se ha propuesto como factor pronóstico para la estancia y la mortalidad hospitalaria, en casos de sepsis, reanimación cardiopulmonar, quemaduras, cirugía cardiaca y trauma. No existen análisis específicos para pacientes con trauma penetrante.

Objetivo. Determinar la utilidad del aclaramiento de lactato como factor predictor de estancia y mortalidad en pacientes con traumatismo penetrante.

Métodos. Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de estudios clínicos en los cuales se determina el papel del aclaramiento de lactato para predecir la muerte y la estancia hospitalaria en dicho grupo de pacientes.

Resultados. El valor del aclaramiento de lactato en pacientes traumatizados no está estandarizado. Existe heterogeneidad en las poblaciones incluidas en los estudios y en las intervenciones terapéuticas. El lactato persistentemente elevado parece aumentar la mortalidad y la estancia hospitalaria en esta población.

Conclusión. Es necesario hacer estudios prospectivos con definiciones y tratamientos estandarizados para evaluar la asociación entre aclaramiento de lactato, mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria en casos de trauma penetrante.
Comparación entre la citología por aspiración con aguja fina y la biopsia por congelación en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias malignas de la glándula tiroides: un estudio prospectivo
Authors: Osorio Carlos , Fernández Alberto , Ensuncho César , Redondo Katherine , Herrera Francisco
Published: April 2023

Introducción. La citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina (cACAF) y la biopsia por congelación, se consideran actualmente pilares en el diagnóstico de las enfermedades nodulares de la glándula tiroides. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar su rendimiento en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias malignas de la glándula tiroides en la E.S.E. Hospital Universitario del Caribe.

Materiales y métodos. En forma prospectiva, entre abril de 2014 y junio de 2015, se compararon los resultados de cada una de las citologías y biopsias obtenidas por un radiólogo y un cirujano de cuello con los del estudio anatomo-patológico. Se calcularon la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo, el valor predictivo negativo, la precisión diagnóstica, y la frecuencia de falsos positivos y falsos negativos. Se utilizó el índice kappa de concordancia para comparar el rendimiento de las citologías y las biopsias.

Resultados. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 85 pacientes, 92,9 % mujeres, con una edad promedio de 45,3 ± 14,7 años. Los resultados obtenidos para la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina y la biopsia por congelación, respectivamente, fueron: sensibilidad, 80,0 % y 90,0 %; especificidad, 98,7 % y 100,0 %; valor predictivo positivo, 88,9 % y 100,0 %; valor predictivo negativo, 97,4 % y 98,7 %; precisión diagnóstica, 96,5 % y 98,8 %; porcentaje de falsos positivos, 1,2 % y 0,0 %, y porcentaje de falsos negativos, 2,4 % y 1,2 %; el índice kappa de concordancia fue de 0,952.

Conclusiones. La cACAF y la biopsia por congelación mostraron un índice de concordancia de 0,952 en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias malignas de la glándula tiroides. Dichos resultados no sugieren el uso rutinario de la biopsia por congelación; sin embargo, sí sugieren su implementación en el manejo intraoperatorio de los pacientes con diagnósticos citológicos “sospechosos de malignidad”, para disminuir la frecuencia de falsos positivos.
Tricobezoar gástrico, revisión de la bibliografía y reporte de un caso
Authors: Pinilla Rafael Orlando , Vicente Maribel Lissette , González Miguel , Vicente Asbel Alfredo , Pinilla Magda Elena
Published: April 2023

Los tricobezoares son poco comunes, pueden presentarse en estómagos normales, pero la mayoría ocurre como complicación de una cirugía gástrica en casos con alteración de la función del píloro e hipoperistalsis. Se debe sospechar el tricobezoar en un paciente joven, generalmente mujer, con una masa móvil o firme en el epigastrio. Algunos pacientes permanecen asintomáticos por meses o años y otros presentan síntomas que pueden ser insidiosos o dramáticamente agudos. Aunque la entidad es diagnosticada por imágenes, la endoscopia permite su identificación de una forma más eficaz. Algunos bezoares pueden ser tratados endoscópicamente, pero se recomienda el tratamiento quirúrgico para los de mayor tamaño o con complicaciones. Una vez tratado, se debe hacer énfasis en la prevención de la recurrencia. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con un tricobezoar gástrico complicado, con antecedentes de cirugía gástrica por la misma causa en la edad pediátrica, que requiere nueva cirugía por recurrencia y sin mostrar trastornos psiquiátricos.
Heridos en combate, experiencia del Grupo de Trauma del Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá
Authors: Valencia Carlos Fernando , Suárez Jorge Andrés , Cogollos Álvaro , Uribe Ricardo Augusto , Flores Gloria Carmenza
Published: April 2023

Introducción. En un país que posee el conflicto armado más antiguo del continente, resulta importante conocer la realidad de los militares heridos en combate vista desde los resultados del Grupo de Trauma del Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Usando como fuente de información la base de datos del Grupo de Trauma del Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá, se decidió tener como universo todos los pacientes hospitalizados por primera vez en el Grupo de Trauma entre el 1º enero de 2012 y el 31 de julio del 2014, cuyas lesiones hubieran sido consecuencia del conflicto armado. Se evaluaron: total de ingresos, promedio de estancia hospitalaria, necesidad de cuidados intensivos, edad promedio, mortalidad, departamento y área de origen del evento, fuerza involucrada, número de amputados y especialidad requerida para el ingreso a la institución. Resultados. En el periodo de estudio ingresaron 3.658 pacientes al Grupo de Trauma, de los cuales 917 correspondían a militares heridos en combate que fueron atendidos por primera vez en la institución, con una edad promedio de 31 años y una estancia promedio de 13 días; 26 % requirieron amputación en la institución; el 15 % ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos en los dos primeros años y, el 21 %, en el 2014; la mortalidad fue de 1,7 %. Discusión. Es llamativo encontrar que las lesiones durante el conflicto armado se habían producido para generar discapacidad más que mortalidad, discapacidad que en la mayoría de los casos son consecuencia de amputaciones.
Tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad poliquística hepática autosómica dominante, serie de casos
Authors: Ayala Andrés , Aguilar Juan Carlos , Jiménez Fernando , Serpa Frans
Published: April 2023

En la actualidad, la cirugía hepática y la de la vía biliar son unos de los procedimientos más practicados a nivel mundial. El refinamiento en las técnicas quirúrgicas, los cuidados anestésicos y el trasplante hepático han revolucionado el tratamiento de enfermedades hepáticas que inicialmente eran incurables. La enfermedad poliquística hepática autosómica dominante es rara y puede asociarse a poliquistosis renal o presentarse de forma aislada. Su sintomatología se presenta en los estados avanzados de la enfermedad. A pesar de las múltiples modalidades de tratamiento para esta condición, el manejo quirúrgico con hepatectomía y fenestración es el que ha mostrado mejores resultados en los pacientes con saciedad temprana y hepatomegalia masiva. Se hace una revisión bibliográfica y se presenta una serie de casos atendidos con esta enfermedad en el Hospital Metropolitano de Quito, Ecuador.
Carcinoma adenoescamoso de la vesícula biliar, una rara variedad histológica
Authors: Redondo Katherine , Rivero Saúl , Ruiz Karina , Díaz José , Lozano Daniella , Luna Luisa
Published: April 2023

El carcinoma adenoescamoso primario de la vesícula biliar es una variante poco conocida e infrecuente de este tipo de neoplasias, cuya etiología y comportamiento siguen constituyendo un enigma. Se trata de una paciente de 45 años de edad con un carcinoma adenoescamoso primario de vesícula biliar; se presenta este caso por ser un reto diagnóstico debido a lo poco que se conoce sobre esta entidad, la cual es considerada más agresiva y de peor pronóstico que el adenocarcinoma en su presentación clásica
Peculiarities of tool design for physical modeling of shaving-rolling cylindrical gear-wheels
Authors: Malikov Andrey , Sidorkin Andrey , Kovalev Yuriy
Published: April 2023

Projection aspects of a combined cutting and deforming tool special design for studying the main characteristics of finish-ing gear-working of shaving-rolling cylindrical gear wheels. Large focus is given to the issues of shaping the main cutting elements of the tool and the possibility of its manufacture in the conditions of modern tool production. The necessity of using an integral tool design in the context of its operation in a manner similar to the turning process is substantiated.
Defining the “Community” in Community College: A National Overview and Implications for Racial Imbalance in Texas
Authors: Baker Dominique J. , Edwards Bethany , Lambert Spencer F. X. , Randall Grace
Published: April 2023

At least 38 states have created service areas or “districts” for each of their community colleges. However, little is known about the geographic boundaries of community college districts and the policymaking process that defines them. We studied state policy documents nationally and the actual district boundaries of Texas community colleges to investigate the larger policymaking processes of determining boundaries. We found significant variation across the United States, including in who determines the boundaries and whether the districts have associated tuition reductions. In our case study, we also found evidence that the majority of Texas’s community college districts appear to reflect their larger local environments, although a small number may exhibit evidence of racial imbalance.