bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxoid profile in endophytic fungi isolated from Corylus avellana, introduces potential source for the production of Taxol in semi-synthetic approaches
Authors: Mohammadi Ballakuti Narjes , Ghanati Faezeh , Zare-Maivan Hassan , Alipour Mozhgan , Moghaddam Mahtab , Abdolmaleki Parviz
Published: June 2022

Taxol (Paclitaxel) and its derivative taxanes are widely used in chemotherapy and treatment of different types of cancer. Although the extracted taxanes from Taxus sp. are currently used in semi-synthetic production of Taxol, providing alternative always available sources is still a main concern. Due to availability and fast growth rate, microorganisms are much potent alternative sources for taxanes. In the present study, 249 endophytic fungi were isolated from Corylus avellana at six different locations of Iran, among which 18 species were capable to produce taxanes. Genotyping analysis indicated that 17 genera were ascomycetes but only one basidiomycete. Seven taxanes were detected and quantified in solid and suspension cultures by HPLC and their structures were confirmed by LC-Mass analysis. Among endophytes, CA7 had all 7 taxoids and CA1 had the highest Taxol yield. In 78% of endophytes transferring to liquid media was accompanied by increase of taxanes yield and increased taxan production and its release to media up to 90%. Evaluation of cytotoxicity indicated that extracts of all isolated fungi were lethal to MCF7 cells. Since endophytes produced remarkable amounts of taxanes, they can be suggested as alternative inexpensive and easily available resources for Taxol production in semi-synthesis plans.
Asynchronous division at 4–8-cell stage of preimplantation embryos affects live birth through ICM/TE differentiation
Authors: Mashiko Daisuke , Ikeda Zenki , Tokoro Mikiko , Hatano Yu , Yao Tatsuma , Kobayashi Tetsuya J. , Fukunaga Noritaka , Asada Yoshimasa , Yamagata Kazuo
Published: June 2022

To improve the performance of assisted reproductive technology, it is necessary to find an indicator that can identify and select embryos that will be born or be aborted. We searched for indicators of embryo selection by comparing born/abort mouse embryos. We found that asynchronous embryos during the 4–8-cell stage were predisposed to be aborted. In asynchronous mouse embryos, the nuclear translocation of YAP1 in some blastomeres and compaction were delayed, and the number of ICMs was reduced. Hence, it is possible that asynchronous embryos have abnormal differentiation. When the synchrony of human embryos was observed, it was confirmed that embryos that did not reach clinical pregnancy had asynchrony as in mice. This could make synchrony a universal indicator common to all animal species.
Patient-level proteomic network prediction by explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Keyl Philipp , Bockmayr Michael , Heim Daniel , Dernbach Gabriel , Montavon Grégoire , Müller Klaus-Robert , Klauschen Frederick
Published: June 2022

Understanding the pathological properties of dysregulated protein networks in individual patients’ tumors is the basis for precision therapy. Functional experiments are commonly used, but cover only parts of the oncogenic signaling networks, whereas methods that reconstruct networks from omics data usually only predict average network features across tumors. Here, we show that the explainable AI method layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) can infer protein interaction networks for individual patients from proteomic profiling data. LRP reconstructs average and individual interaction networks with an AUC of 0.99 and 0.93, respectively, and outperforms state-of-the-art network prediction methods for individual tumors. Using data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas, we identify known and potentially novel oncogenic network features, among which some are cancer-type specific and show only minor variation among patients, while others are present across certain tumor types but differ among individual patients. Our approach may therefore support predictive diagnostics in precision oncology by inferring “patient-level” oncogenic mechanisms.
Quantitative proteomics and in-cell cross-linking reveal cellular reorganisation during early neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Barth Marie , Toto Nienguesso Alicia , Navarrete Santos Anne , Schmidt Carla
Published: June 2022

The neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y is commonly employed to study neuronal function and disease. This includes cells grown under standard conditions or differentiated to neuron-like cells by administration of chemical reagents such as retinoic acid (RA) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Even though SH-SY5Y cells are widely explored, a complete description of the resulting proteomes and cellular reorganisation during differentiation is still missing. Here, we relatively quantify the proteomes of cells grown under standard conditions and obtained from two differentiation protocols employing RA or a combination of RA and PMA. Relative quantification and KEGG pathway analysis of the proteins reveals the presence of early differentiating cells and provides a list of marker proteins for undifferentiated and differentiated cells. For characterisation of neuronal sub-types, we analyse expression of marker genes and find that RA-differentiated cells are acetylcholinergic and cholinergic, while RA/PMA-differentiated cells show high expression of acetylcholinergic and dopaminergic marker genes. In-cell cross-linking further allows capturing protein interactions in different cellular organelles. Specifically, we observe structural reorganisation upon differentiation involving regulating protein factors of the actin cytoskeleton.
Bioarchaeological evidence of one of the earliest Islamic burials in the Levant
Authors: Srigyan Megha , Bolívar Héctor , Ureña Irene , Santana Jonathan , Petersen Andrew , Iriarte Eneko , Kırdök Emrah , Bergfeldt Nora , Mora Alice , Jakobsson Mattias , Abdo Khaled , Braemer Frank , Smith Colin , Ibañez Juan José , Götherström Anders , Günther Torsten , Valdiosera Cristina
Published: June 2022

The Middle East plays a central role in human history harbouring a vast diversity of ethnic, cultural and religious groups. However, much remains to be understood about past and present genomic diversity in this region. Here we present a multidisciplinary bioarchaeological analysis of two individuals dated to the late 7th and early 8th centuries, the Umayyad Era, from Tell Qarassa, an open-air site in modern-day Syria. Radiocarbon dates and burial type are consistent with one of the earliest Islamic Arab burials in the Levant. Interestingly, we found genomic similarity to a genotyped group of modern-day Bedouins and Saudi rather than to most neighbouring Levantine groups. This study represents the genomic analysis of a secondary use site with characteristics consistent with an early Islamic burial in the Levant. We discuss our findings and possible historic scenarios in the light of forces such as genetic drift and their possible interaction with religious and cultural processes (including diet and subsistence practices).
Hybrid computational–experimental data-driven design of self-assembling π-conjugated peptides
Authors: Shmilovich Kirill , Panda Sayak Subhra , Stouffer Anna , Tovar John D. , Ferguson Andrew L.
Published: June 2022

A hybrid computational–experimental active learning workflow efficiently discovers π-conjugated peptides with superior capabilities for programmed self-assembly into pseudo-1D nanofibers.
Smartphone-based photochemical sensor for multiplex determination of glucose, uric acid, and total cholesterol in fingertip blood
Authors: Duan Wenfang , Cheng Jie , Guo Jinhong
Published: June 2022

The physical picture of the proposed system, which consists of a photochemical dongle, a cloud-enabled smartphone, and disposable test strips.
Uranium chelating ability of decorporation agents in serum evaluated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Uehara Akihiro , Matsumura Daiju , Tsuji Takuya , Yakumaru Haruko , Tanaka Izumi , Shiro Ayumi , Saitoh Hiroyuki , Ishihara Hiroshi , Homma-Takeda Shino
Published: June 2022

Internal exposure to actinides such as uranium and plutonium has been reduced using chelating agents for decorporation because of their potential to induce both radiological and chemical toxicities.
Etching process enhanced H2O2 sensing performance of SnO2/Zn2SnO4 with reliable anti-humidity ability
Authors: Li Shiqing , Li ZhenJiang , Zhang Min , Wu Zhaofeng , Kong DeZheng , Qian HongJun , Su BaoXue
Published: June 2022

In this work, sol–gel and chemical etching methods are adopted to synthesize zinc hydroxystannate materials.
Rapid and sensitive detection of amphetamine by SERS-based competitive immunoassay coupled with magnetic separation
Authors: Geng Pengfei , Sun Shijiao , Wang Xiaomei , Ma Li , Guo Chang , Li Jiutong , Guan Ming
Published: June 2022

A simple, sensitive, and specific method for the rapid detection of AMP was developed by combining surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with magnetic bead technology.
Electrochemical selenium–π–acid promoted hydration of alkynyl phosphonates
Authors: Li Bo , Zhou Yunhao , Sun Yanan , Xiong Feng , Gu Linghui , Ma Wenbo , Mei Ruhuai
Published: June 2022

Unprecedented electrochemical selenium–π–acid promoted hydration of alkynes bearing a phosphonate auxiliary was described. Thus, valuable (hetero)aryl and alkyl ketones could be accessed under mild, metal- and external oxidant-free conditions.
Terminal-fluoride-coordinated air-stable chiral dysprosium single-molecule magnets
Authors: Wu Jinjiang , Wang Guo-Lu , Zhu Zhenhua , Zhao Chen , Li Xiao-Lei , Zhang Yi-Quan , Tang Jinkui
Published: June 2022

Air-stable chiral Dy(iii) SMMs with terminal fluoride ligands and supported by a bulky equatorial macrocycle were synthesized.
A viologen-functionalized metal–organic framework for efficient CO2 photoreduction reaction
Authors: Wang Tong , Zhang Lei , Liu Jiang , Li Xiao-Xin , Yuan Lin , Li Shun-Li , Lan Ya-Qian
Published: June 2022

A viologen-functionalized metal–organic framework (MIL-125-RV2+) achieved CO2 reduction under visible light, which provided a strategy for the construction of novel CO2RR photocatalysts by combining color-tunable organics with framework materials.
CATCH: high specific transcriptome-focused fusion gene variants discrimination
Authors: Yuan Rui , Bai Xiaopeng , Hu Xiaolin , Zhang Hong , Hou Changjun , Long Quanxin , Luo Yang
Published: June 2022

A CRISPR-Cas13a triggered catalytic hairpin assembly (CATCH) approach for accurate and impartial identification of fusion gene variants.
Engineering of a kinetically driven phase of phenoxazine by surface crystallisation
Authors: Kaltenegger Martin , Hofer Sebastian , Resel Roland , Werzer Oliver , Riegler Hans , Simbrunner Josef , Winkler Christian , Geerts Yves , Liu Jie
Published: June 2022

Surface crystallisation yields an unknown polymorph of the phenoxazine molecule. Tuning the crystallisation conditions causes a defined crystal growth of either the thermodynamically stable phase or the kinetic phase observed exclusively within thin films.
Epitaxies of Ca-sulfates on calcite (CaCO3) I. Gypsum {010} on the calcite {10.4} form: epi-twins of gypsum induced by the calcite substrate
Authors: Aquilano D. , Bruno M. , Cotellucci A. , Pastero L. , Ghignone S.
Published: June 2022

3D-epitaxy of the {010} pinacoid of deposited gypsum on {10.4} calcite rhombohedron is described, in order to give a theoretical background to the replacement of calcite with gypsum both in the laboratory and by weathering in nature.
Impacts of targeting different hydration free energy references on the development of ion potentials
Authors: Fan Kun , Zhang Yongguang , Qiu Yejie , Zhang Haiyang
Published: June 2022

The choice of targeted hydration free energy in ion model development affects the ion–water, ion–ion, and ion–amino acid interactions in gas, liquid, and solid phases.
Internal conversion and intersystem crossing dynamics based on coupled potential energy surfaces with full geometry-dependent spin–orbit and derivative couplings. Nonadiabatic photodissociation dynamics of NH3(A) leading to the NH(X3Σ−, a1Δ) + H2 channel
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Guo Hua , Yarkony David R.
Published: June 2022

Intersystem crossing trajectory in ammonia photodissociation modeled with geometry-dependent spin–orbit couplings.
Computational descriptor analysis on excited state behaviours of a series of TADF and non-TADF compounds
Authors: Ulukan Pelin , Bas Ekin Esme , Ozek Rengin Busra , Dal Kaynak Cansul , Monari Antonio , Aviyente Viktorya , Catak Saron
Published: June 2022

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) behaviours of 17 organic TADF emitters and two non-TADF chromophores bearing various donor and acceptor moieties were investigated, focusing on torsion angle, singlet–triplet gap (ΔEST), spin orbit coupling (SOC) and topological ΦS index.
An accurate vibrational signature in halogen bonded molecular crystals
Authors: Kalout Hanine , Boubegtiten-Fezoua Zahia , Maurel François , Hellwig Petra , Ferlay Sylvie
Published: June 2022

A unique fingerprint of the halogen bond in two halogen bonded networks has been evidenced in the low frequency region, using both far infrared and Raman spectroscopy, together with DFT calculations.
Anomalous diffusion, aging, and nonergodicity of scaled Brownian motion with fractional Gaussian noise: overview of related experimental observations and models
Authors: Wang Wei , Metzler Ralf , Cherstvy Andrey G.
Published: June 2022

How does a systematic time-dependence of the diffusion coefficient D(t) affect the ergodic and statistical characteristics of fractional Brownian motion (FBM)?
High-performance Ruddlesden–Popper two-dimensional perovskite solar cells via solution processed inorganic charge transport layers
Authors: Liu Zhihai , Wang Lei , Xie Xiaoyin , Xu Chongyang , Tang Jianfeng , Li Wei
Published: June 2022

Long-term stability and suppressed power-conversion efficiency degradation achieved with inorganic charge transport layers.
Efficient and selective removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution by using an O− functionalized metal–organic framework
Authors: Jiang Wen , Yu Cai-Xia , Yu Ming-Xuan , Ding Jing , Song Jian-Guo , Sun Xue-Qin , Liu Lei-Lei
Published: June 2022

A novel Pr(iii)-MOF decorated with O− groups was elaborately constructed and showed good performance in removing Pb2+.
Cooperative catalysis in a metal–organic framework via post-synthetic immobilisation
Authors: Takashima Yohei , Suwaki Yuya , Tsuruoka Takaaki , Akamatsu Kensuke
Published: June 2022

A Co-salen complex and a MOF were successfully hybridized by post-synthetic immobilization for a cooperative catalytic system.
Emerging investigator series: surfactants, films, and coatings on atmospheric aerosol particles: a review
Authors: Wokosin Kevin A. , Schell Emma L. , Faust Jennifer A.
Published: June 2022

Surfactants alter the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles.
Spiers Memorial Lecture: From optical to THz control of materials
Authors: Johnson Steven L.
Published: June 2022

The concept of using appropriately shaped pulses of light to control the properties of materials has a range of potential applications, and relies on an understanding of intricate couplings within the material.
Parallel multistep digital analysis SlipChip demonstrated with the quantification of nucleic acid by digital LAMP-CRISPR
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Xu Lei , Lyu Weiyuan , Shen Feng
Published: June 2022

A parallel multistep digital analysis SlipChip for the parallel manipulation of a large number of droplets for digital biological analysis.
Grow with the flow – observing the formation of rheotactically patterned bacterial cellulose networks
Authors: Klotz Moritz , Bajrami Dardan , Van Opdenbosch Daniel
Published: June 2022

Rheotactic structures: hierarchically and anisotropically structured textiles obtained by the growth of bacterial cellulose under flow, constituting porous substrates for potential applications as e.g. adsorbents or mineralization templates.
Tunable physical properties in Bi-based layered supercell multiferroics embedded with Au nanoparticles
Authors: Shen Jianan , He Zihao , Zhang Di , Lu Ping , Deitz Julia , Shang Zhongxia , Kalaswad Matias , Wang Haohan , Xu Xiaoshan , Wang Haiyan
Published: June 2022

An Aurivillius-phase multiferroic material Bi1.25AlMnO3.25embedded with Au NPs displays tunable functionalities at various deposition temperatures.
Atom-economical, catalyst-free hydrosulfonation of densely functionalized alkenes: access to oxindole-containing sulfones
Authors: Dabaria Kamlesh Kumar , Bai Rekha , Jat Pooja Kumari , Badsara Satpal Singh
Published: June 2022

A facile, atom-economical, catalyst-free protocol for the hydrosulfonation of densely functionalized alkenes with sulfinic acids in an environmentally benign solvent system at ambient temperature is described.
Cobalt vanadium chalcogenide microspheres decorated with dendrite-like fiber nanostructures for flexible wire-typed energy conversion and storage microdevices
Authors: Naderi Leila , Shahrokhian Saeed
Published: June 2022

The increasing energy demand for next-generation portable and miniaturized electronics has drawn tremendous attention to develop microscale energy storage and conversion devices with light weight and flexible characteristics.
A lignin-derived flexible porous carbon material for highly efficient polyselenide and sodium regulation
Authors: Zeng Linchao , Zhu Jianhui , Wang Jiahong , Huang Licong , Liu Xiaowu , Lu Wei , Yu Xuefeng
Published: June 2022

A lignin-derived flexible porous carbon matrix loaded with atomic Fe is prepared for the regulation of Se cathodes and Na anodes.
Silver-catalysed three-component reactions of alkynyl aryl ketones, element selenium, and boronic acids leading to 3-organoselenylchromones
Authors: Lai Jin-Rong , Yin Fu-Dan , Guo Qing-Song , Yuan Fei , Nian Bei-Fang , Zhang Ming , Wu Zhi-Bang , Zhang Hong-Bin , Tang E
Published: June 2022

An Ag-catalysed three-component reaction of alkynyl aryl ketones bearing an ortho-methoxy group, element selenium, and arylboronic acid, providing a facile route to selenofunctionalized chromone products has been investigated.
Morphological transitions of cationic PISA particles by salt, triflate ions and temperature; comparison of three polycations
Authors: Baddam Vikram , Välinen Lauri , Kuckling Linus , Tenhu Heikki
Published: June 2022

Three strong polycations have been used as macro chain transfer agents in PISA polymerizations. The sensitivity of the polycations towards added salts varies, and under saline conditions the morphologies of the particles vary as well.
Dual-stimuli response of spiropyran derivative modified by long-chains: high-contrast photochromism and mechanochromism
Authors: Yang Yuhui , Wang Zhaohui , Wu Han , Li Yuqing , Chen Yilong , Hu Leilei , Wu Wei
Published: June 2022

A spiropyran derivative combines high-contrast solid-state photochromism and reversible mechanochromism is reported.
Thermally stable mesoporous tetragonal zirconia through surfactant-controlled synthesis and Si-stabilization
Authors: Abel Ken L. , Weber Sebastian , Poppitz David , Titus Juliane , Sheppard Thomas L. , Gläser Roger
Published: June 2022

Schematic representation of ZrO2 crystallites; (a) monoclinic ZrO2, (b) tetragonal ZrO2 following Si-stabilization, (c) mesoporous t-ZrO2 following Si-stabilization and use of surfactant dodecylamine.
Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-incorporated Pebax composite membrane for improved permselectivity in organic solvent nanofiltration
Authors: Jia Mengmeng , Liang Yucang , Liu Ziyang , Liu Yue , Zhang Xuehong , Guo Hongxia
Published: June 2022

The OSN membrane was prepared via crosslinking HP-β-CD in Pebax layer with TDI. The as-prepared membrane exhibited high methanol permeability and good dye rejections, as well as longer running stability.
Improved performance of self-reactivated Pt–ThO2/C catalysts in a direct ethanol fuel cell
Authors: Xue Yubing , Pan Dashu , Zuo Feng , Xiao Songtao , Li Xiang , Lou Fuyan , Li Mingming , Ouyang Yinggen
Published: June 2022

Self-reactivation of Pt–ThO2/C achieved by introducing radioactive material ThO2improves the performance of the original Pt/C catalyst.
Supramolecular encapsulation of redox-active monomers to enable free-radical polymerisation
Authors: Mommer Stefan , Sokołowski Kamil , Olesińska Magdalena , Huang Zehuan , Scherman Oren A.
Published: June 2022

Extended polymeric structures based on redox-active species are of great interest in emerging technologies related to energy conversion and storage.
NHC induced radical formationviahomolytic cleavage of B–B bonds and its role in organic reactions
Authors: Kuehn Laura , Zapf Ludwig , Werner Luis , Stang Martin , Würtemberger-Pietsch Sabrina , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger , Lacôte Emmanuel , Marder Todd B. , Radius Udo
Published: June 2022

Bis-NHC adducts of the type (NHC)2·B2(OR)4are sources of boryl radicals of the type NHC–BR2˙, which are formed by homolytic B–B bond cleavage.
Casein proteins as building blocks for making ion-conductive bioplastics
Authors: Foqara Mohammad , Nandi Ramesh , Amdursky Nadav
Published: June 2022

Raw casein proteins can be used for polymerization into flexible and strong bioplastics, whereas the sulfonation of the casein backbone results in the making of ion-conductive bioplastics.
Understanding the stability origins of ambient stable CsPbI2Br inorganic halide perovskites
Authors: Zhu Congtan , Lin Feiyu , Zhang Lin , Xiao Si , Ma Shupeng , Liu Sheng , Tai Qidong , Zhu Liu , Dai Qilin , Guo Xueyi , Yang Ying
Published: June 2022

Pb–O bonds formed by O2 before annealing which block the phase transition of CsPbI2Br from α to δ-phase. Moisture can promote the formation of Pb–O bonds, which enhance the phase stability of CsPbI2Br in ambient conditions.
Scalable preparation of a CuO nanosheet arrayviacorrosion engineering for selective C–C coupling in CO2electroreduction
Authors: Wang Mang , Wan Lili , Cheng Jinshui , Luo Jingshan
Published: June 2022

A CuO nanosheet array electrode was preparedviaa facile corrosion strategy for the electrochemical CO2reduction reaction. In order to produce C2+products efficiently, both abundant defect sites and moderate surface roughness are required.
Perovskite nanocrystals stabilized in metal–organic frameworks for light emission devices
Authors: Nie Wanyi , Tsai Hsinhan
Published: June 2022

Perovskite nanocrystals embedded in metal–organic frameworks (PeMOF) are a new nanoscale heterostructure for stable photonic sources. This perspective discusses the properties of PeMOF structures and their current progress in photonic devices.
The impact of audio effects processing on the perception of hardness of Bass Drum
Authors: Wang Yu , Wu Jie , He Hanfu , Wang Shuaishuai
Published: June 2022

In the music mixing, mixers and music producers often use hardness to describe the feeling of percussion instruments, such as the drum instruments. When dealing with the hardness of drums, the mixer often mixes the sound in terms of frequency and dynamics. One important issue is that it is difficult to define the contribution of adjusting the frequency or dynamics of the drum to the perception of drum tone hardness, and this perception is difficult to be quantified. A subjective user study on the hardness of drum sound is proposed. Taking the audio of the Bass Drum as an example, different audio effects are applied to process the Bass Drum. Twenty‐three participants were recruited to participate the auditory perception test. The result indicates that compression, equalisation, high‐frequency excitation and low‐frequency excitation all have varying degrees of impact on the hardness of the Bass Drum. The high‐frequency excitation and low‐frequency excitation have a statistically significant substantial influence on the sound hardness of the Bass Drum. Taking together, for the first time, the authors’ study comprehensively investigate the impact of audio effect processing on the perception of the hardness of Bass Drum, providing useful guidance for the application of various audio effects on percussion instruments.
Watchstrap integrated wideband circularly polarized antenna design for smartwatch applications
Authors: Rabhi Rania , Gahgouh Salem , Gharsallah Ali
Published: June 2022

A circularly polarized antenna suitable for integration into the framework of smartwatches is reported in this manuscript. The proposed antenna operates in the industrial, scientific and medical band of 5.8 GHz with a footprint of about 45 × 15 × 1.6 mm3 (0.8 λ × 0.2 λ × 0.03 λ) and is excited by a coplanar waveguide line loaded with an L‐shaped radiator patch. The antenna prototype was studied in free space and then adapted to on‐body scenarios using computer hand models. The performance of the antenna was validated in measurement in a realistic human hand, and the antenna achieves satisfactory on‐body performance; measured and simulated results are in good agreement. Furthermore, for health risk concerns related to exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis for the smartwatch on wrist‐worn has also been presented which is far below the normal SAR criteria according to IEEE C95.1 guidelines. The simple structure of the proposed antenna and its high performance make it an ideal candidate for smartwatch applications in health care monitoring purpose.
Ocean signatures in the total flux and polarization spectra of Earth-like exoplanets
Authors: Trees V. J. H. , Stam D. M.
Published: June 2022

Context.Numerical simulations of starlight that is reflected by Earth-like exoplanets predict habitability signatures that can be searched for with future telescopes.

Aims.We explore signatures of water oceans in the flux and polarization spectra of this reflected light.

Methods.With an adding-doubling algorithm, we computed the total fluxF, polarized fluxQ, and degree of polarizationPsof starlight reflected by dry and ocean model planets with Earth-like atmospheres and patchy clouds. The oceans consist of Fresnel reflecting surfaces with wind-ruffled waves, foam, and wave shadows, above natural blue seawater. Our results are presented as functions of wavelength (from 300 to 2500 nm with 1 nm resolution) and as functions of the planetary phase angle from 90° to 170°.

Results.The ocean glint increasesF, |Q|, andPswith increasing phase angle at nonabsorbing wavelengths, and causes the spectra ofFand |Q| for the various phase angles to intersect. In the near-infrared,Qis negative, that is, the direction of polarization is perpendicular to the plane through the star, planet, and observer. In thePsspectra, the glint leaves dips (instead of peaks) in gaseous absorption bands. All those signatures are missing in the spectra of dry planets.

Conclusions.The dips inPsand the negativeQin the near-infrared can be searched for at a phase angle of 90°, where the planet-star separation is largest. Those ocean signatures in polarized light do not suffer from false positive glint signals that could be due to clouds or reflecting dry surfaces. For heavily cloudy planets, ocean detection is possible when the glint is (partially) cloud-free. When modeling signals of planets with oceans, using horizontally inhomogeneous cloud covers is thus crucial. Observations spread over time would increase the probability of catching a cloud-free glint and detecting an ocean.
Rational choice of modelling assumptions for simulation of blood vessel end-to-side anastomosis
Authors: Tagiltsev Igor I. , Parshin Daniil V. , Shutov Alexey V.
Published: June 2022

Blood vessels exhibit highly nonlinear, anisotropic behaviour with numerous mechanical interactions. Since exact modelling of all involved effects would yield a computationally prohibitive procedure, a practical clinical simulation tool needs to account for a minimum threshold of relevant factors. In this study, we analyse needed modelling assumptions for a reliable simulation of the end-to-side anastomosis. The artery wall is modelled in a geometrically exact setting as a pre-stressed fibre-reinforced composite. The study focuses on the sensitivity analysis of post-anastomosis stress fields concerning the modelling assumptions. Toward that end, a set of full-scale finite element simulations is carried out for three sensitivity cases: (i) The post-operational stresses are estimated with and without taking the residual stresses into account, (ii) Different geometries of the cut in the recipient vessel are examined, (iii) The influence of errors in material stiffness identification on the post-operational stress field is estimated. The studied cases (i)–(iii) have shown a substantial impact of the considered modelling assumptions on the predictive capabilities of the simulation. Approaches to more accurate predictions of post-operational stress distribution are outlined, and a quest for more accurate experimental procedures is made. As a by-product, the occurrence of the pseudo-aneurysm is explained.
Homogenization of a microscopic pedestrians model on a convergent junction
Authors: El Khatib N. , Forcadel N. , Zaydan M.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we establish a rigorous connection between a microscopic and a macroscopic pedestrians model on a convergent junction. At the microscopic level, we consider a “follow the leader” model far from the junction point and we assume that a rule to enter the junction point is imposed. At the macroscopic level, we obtain the Hamilton-Jacobi equation with a flux limiter condition at x = 0 introduced in Imbert and Monneau [Ann. Sci. l’École Normale Supér. 50 (2017) 357-414], To obtain our result, we inject using the “cumulative distribution functions” the microscopic model into a non-local PDE. Then, we show that the viscosity solution of the non-local PDE converges locally uniformly towards the solution of the macroscopic one.
Intervallfasten in der Sporternährung
Authors: Wagner Günter , Keller Carolin , Schröder Uwe
Published: June 2022

Intervallfasten (IF), also die zeitlich beschränkte Nahrungsaufnahme mit
markanten Zeitphasen ohne Mahlzeiten, ist gesundheitsförderlich und hat
sich bewährt zur Gewichtsreduktion und in der Therapie und
Prävention von Diabetes mellitus vom Typ 2. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt
die positiven Effekte, die das Intervallfasten auf die sportliche
Leistungsfähigkeit haben kann – ohne das Risiko einer
verringerten Mikronährstoffzufuhr.
In memoriam Lester Packer: Die 4 Meilensteine der
Vitamin-E-Forschung
Authors: Obermüller-Jević Ute , Schmidt Karlheinz
Published: June 2022

Lester Packer (1929–2018) war ein Pionier der Vitamin-E-Forschung. Er hat
als Erster erkannt, dass bei der Redox-Regulation von Zellen und Geweben und
insbesondere deren Anpassung an oxidativen Stress ein ganzes System von
Komponenten zusammenwirken muss, und dass Vitamin E dabei eine zentrale Rolle
einnimmt. Einer der Meilensteine in der Vitamin-E-Forschung!
KARLOTTA (Kids + Adolescents Research Learning On Tablet Teaching Aachen) – randomisierte kontrollierte Pilotstudie zur Anwendung eines digitalen Lernspiels für pädiatrische Patienten mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Menze Lukas , Wenzl Tobias G. , Pappa Angeliki
Published: June 2022

Ziele Verbesserung von krankheitsspezifischem Wissen bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED) mittels digitaler App und individualisiertem Teaching von Arzt zu Patient.

Methoden Wir entwickelten die KARLOTTA-App (Kids + Adolescents Research Learning On Tablet Teaching Aachen) für Android-Software mit Geschicklichkeitsspiel und CED-Fragenkatalog mit visuellem Feedback und High-Scores. Randomisierte kontrollierte Studie als Pilotprojekt mit 30 CED-Patienten, 10–18 Jahre. Die Interventionsgruppe nutzte die KARLOTTA-App auf einem Tablet bei jedem Sprechstundenbesuch im Zeitraum von 12 Monaten. Outcome-Parameter waren Wissenszuwachs, Veränderungen in der Lebensqualität und Analyse der Feedbackbögen für Patient und Arzt. Die statistische Analyse erfolgte mit X2
-Test, Mann-Whitney-U-Test und deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse KARLOTTA wurde 55 Mal gespielt durch 14 Patienten. Bei allen Patienten (100%) konnten Wissenslücken aufgedeckt werden und es fand spezifisches Teaching statt. In der KARLOTTA-Gruppe hatten 11 von 14 Patienten (79%) einen Wissenszuwachs, in der Kontrollgruppe 7 von 15 Patienten (47%), p-Wert von 0,08 mit X2
-Test. Es zeigten sich keine Unterschiede in der Lebensqualität. In 87% der Termine konnte die App ohne Probleme genutzt werden.

Schlussfolgerungen Die KARLOTTA-App deckt individuelle Wissenslücken auf, sorgt für maßgeschneidertes Arzt-Patienten-Teaching und lässt sich gut in den Sprechstundenalltag implementieren.
Weibliche Lust im 21. Jahrhundert: Alles ist anders, alles bleibt gleich …?
Authors: Döring Nicola
Published: June 2022

Ein halbes Jahrhundert ist es her, dass die Sexualaufklärerin und Mitbegründerin des sexpositiven Feminismus Betty Dodson in den 1970er-Jahren begann, öffentlich über weibliche Genitalien und Selbstbefriedigung zu sprechen. In Bettys Bodysex-Workshops erkundeten Frauen* gemeinsam ihre Lust, nackt im Kreis auf dem Boden sitzend. Ihr Buch „Liberating Masturbation: A Meditation in Selflove“ (1974) machte international Furore, es erschien auch auf Deutsch. Und nicht nur schwang Betty Dodson zu Zeiten der sexuellen Revolution und zweiten Frauenbewegung öffentlich den Vibrator, sie machte mit ihren realistischen Fotos und Zeichnungen von Vulven, die u. a. auf Konferenzen präsentiert wurden, auf die Schönheit und Vielfalt der äußeren weiblichen Genitalien aufmerksam (https://dodsonandross.com/vulva).
Sexuelle Lust bei Mädchen: Perspektiven einer Schülerin und einer Studentin
Authors: Gadea Harder Elena , Gadea Harder Nuria
Published: June 2022

Wie ist es um die sexuelle Lust bestellt bei den heutigen jugendlichen Mädchen und jungen Frauen? Eine Schülerin und eine Studentin teilen ihre Beobachtungen und Einschätzungen zu einer Generation, die zwischen „Jungenfrauen-Shaming“ und „Slut-Shaming“ navigiert und sich im Zweifelsfall lieber an die US-amerikanische „Drei-Dates-Regel“ hält.
Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma – a case report of diagnosis, treatment, histological findings and follow-up
Authors: Schonhart Luisa , Kaiser René , Schmidt Roland , Sailer Adrian , Steinestel Konrad , Schneider-Kappus Wolfgang , Beltzer Christian
Published: June 2022

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) of the stomach is a rare oncologic disease with a reported incidence of only 0.04%. Therefore, there are no evidence-based recommendations for treatment. We present the case of a 73-year-old patient with PSSC. Multivisceral resection had to be performed to achieve tumor-free resection margins. Preoperative investigations, surgical treatment, histologic criteria and findings, and follow-up are presented.
Manuelle Medizin bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Krankheiten
Authors: Emmerich Jan
Published: June 2022

Funktionsstörungen des Bewegungssystems wie Gelenkblockierungen, Muskelverspannungen und myofasziale Dysbalancen treten auch bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen auf. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig und können in der Entzündung selbst, deren strukturellen Folgen oder unabhängig davon liegen. Entsprechend ist die Entscheidung zu einer manualmedizinischen Behandlung einerseits davon abhängig, ob die entzündliche Krankheitsaktivität die Behandlung zulässt und andererseits davon, ob Strukturveränderungen bestimmten Behandlungstechniken entgegenstehen.
Der Gender Orgasm Gap. Ein kritischer Forschungsüberblick zu Geschlechterdifferenzen in der Orgasmus-Häufigkeit beim Heterosex
Authors: Döring Nicola , Mohseni M. Rohangis
Published: June 2022

Einleitung Seit den 1960er-Jahren wird in Wissenschaft, Frauenbewegung und breiter Öffentlichkeit darüber diskutiert, dass und warum Frauen beim Heterosex seltener Orgasmen erleben als Männer und ob und wie man diesen Gender Orgasm Gap schließen kann. Im Rahmen eines bio-psycho-sozialen Verständnisses von Sexualität werden Gender Orgasm Gaps theoretisch sehr unterschiedlich erklärt.

Forschungsziele Ziel des vorliegenden Forschungsüberblicks ist es, die bisherigen empirischen Befunde zur Größe des Gender Orgasm Gap zu berichten sowie die vorgeschlagenen Praxismaßnahmen zu seiner Überwindung zu präsentieren und kritisch zu diskutieren.

Methoden Im Zuge einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden n = 20 empirische Publikationen zum Gender Orgasm Gap und zusätzlich n = 16 wissenschaftliche Originalarbeiten zu seinem Abbau identifiziert und kodiert (1982–2021).

Ergebnisse Die eingeschlossenen Umfragen basieren auf Angaben von N = 49 940 Frauen und N = 48 329 Männern und zeigen, dass typischerweise 30 % bis 60 % der befragten Frauen berichten, beim Heterosex zum Orgasmus zu kommen, im Unterschied zu 70 % bis 100 % der Männer. Je nach Rahmenbedingungen des Heterosex schwankt die Größe des Gender Orgasm Gap zwischen –20 % und –72 % zuungunsten der Frauen. Die vorliegenden zehn bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Umfragen ergeben einen gewichteten mittleren Gender Orgasm Gap von –30 % [95 %iges Konfidenzintervall: –31 %; –30 %]. Die in der bisherigen Fachliteratur vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen zum Schließen dieser Orgasmus-Lücke beziehen sich auf personale Faktoren, Beziehungsfaktoren, sexuelle Interaktionsfaktoren und gesellschaftliche Faktoren: Frauen wird empfohlen, den eigenen Orgasmus bewusster anzustreben und in der Beziehung offener über sexuelle Wünsche zu sprechen. Zudem wird Frauen und Männern geraten, mehr direkte klitorale Stimulation in den Heterosex zu integrieren und Orgasmen von Frauen gesellschaftlich zu demarginalisieren.

Schlussfolgerung Aus dem bisherigen Forschungsstand leitet sich die Notwendigkeit ab, Fragen rund um den Gender Orgasm Gap weiterhin in Wissenschaft und Praxis zu bearbeiten. Angesichts der begrenzten Erfolge der letzten Dekaden scheint es jedoch auch geboten, die bisher verfolgten Ansätze im „Kampf um Orgasmus-Gerechtigkeit“ kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Dermatophytes from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Kumar Mani Bhushan , Gulati Neelam , Chander Jagdish , Singla Nidhi , Bhalla Mala , Nayyar Charu , Sharma Swati , Kaur Manharpreet
Published: June 2022

Objective Dermatophytoses, one of the most ancient diseases, is becoming a menace in recent times. This has made the knowledge of antifungal susceptibility a priority in today's times.

Material and Methods This is a prospective study conducted over 18 months including all dermatophytes isolated during the period. Dermatophytes were identified by routine phenotypic methods. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed for griseofulvin, terbinafine, and itraconazole as per the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute M38 A2, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were read after 5 days.

Results Patient details and associated risk factors were recorded. Fixed dose combinations with steroids were associated with 79.3% (46 out of 58) of patients with dermatophytosis of skin. Among the 72 dermatophytes isolated during the study period, 58 (80.5%) were isolated from skin scrapings and 14 (19.4%) from nail samples. Tinea corporis with cruris was the most common presentation. The most common dermatophyte isolated from skin scrapings was Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex (70.6%, 41 out of 58), while from nail samples it was Trichophyton rubrum complex (78.57%, 11 out of 14). Based on the MIC50 and MIC90 results, itraconazole showed the lowest MICs, followed by terbinafine and then griseofulvin.

Conclusion With the changing epidemiology of species distribution and antifungal resistance, there is a need for continuous surveillance of these parameters of dermatophytes.
Evaluation of Paraspinal Musculature in Small Breed Dogs with and without Atlantoaxial Instability Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Müller Annina , Forterre Franck , Vidondo Beatriz , Stoffel Michael H. , Hernández-Guerra Ángel , Plessas Ioannis N. , Schmidt Martin J. , Precht Christina
Published: June 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in paraspinal musculature between dogs with and without atlantoaxial instability (AAI) using computed tomography scans.

Study Design Retrospective multicentre study evaluating transverse reconstructed computed tomography scans of 83 small breed dogs (34 with and 49 without AAI) for the cross-sectional paraspinal musculature area at three levels (Occiput/C1, mid-C1, mid-C2). Ratio of moments, dorsal-to-ventral muscle-area ratios (d-v-ratio) and ratios of the dorsal and ventral musculature to C2 height (d-C2-ratio and v-C2-ratio) were evaluated for differences between groups using multivariate analysis of variance (p < 0.05) taking the head-neck position into account.

Results Dogs with AAI showed a significantly lower d-v-ratio at levels 2 and 3, d-C2-ratio at level 2 and ratio of moments at all levels. When head-neck positions were analysed separately, ratio of moments was significantly lower in affected dogs at level 1 and 2. Also lower was d-C2-ratio at level 2, but only in flexed positioning. The head-neck position had a significant influence on ratio of moments and d-v-ratio at all three levels and on d-C2-ratio at level 1.

Conclusion Significant changes in muscle area were observed only for the hypaxial muscles at the C1 level, indicating a limited role of muscular adaption in AAI patients. Our results confirm an altered ratio of moments in dogs with AAI. The head-neck position has a significant impact and should be taken into account when evaluating spinal musculature.
Effects of social influence on crowdfunding performance: implications of the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zribi Sirine
Published: June 2022

By analyzing a comprehensive dataset of 467 crowdfunding campaigns from the Spanish platform Goteo over the period 2019–2020, our article empirically examines the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the crowdfunding projects performance. In light of the close link between social networks and crowdfunding, we provide evidence that the strength of the social influence on the crowdfunding campaign’s performance has changed in this pandemic period. Our results show that the founder’s dynamism and the number of comments exchanged between stakeholders had a stronger impact on the crowdfunding performance during the COVID-19 crisis. We also find that investors, during this period, are more inclined to contribute to social projects with small amounts. The study findings can serve as an interesting guide for entrepreneurs, policy makers and platform managers to improve the crowdfunding performance.
Existence of normalized solutions for semilinear elliptic systems with potential
Authors: Liu Chuangye , Yang Xiaolong
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we consider the existence of normalized solutions to the following system: −Δu + V1(x)u + λu = μ1u3 + βv2u and −Δv + V2(x)v + λv = μ2v3 + βu2v in R3, under the mass constraint ∫R3u2+v2=ρ2, where ρ is prescribed, μi, β > 0 (i = 1, 2), and λ∈R appears as a Lagrange multiplier. Then, by a min–max argument, we show the existence of fully nontrivial normalized solutions under various conditions on the potential Vi:R3→R(i=1,2).
The impact of strain on growth mode in chemical vapor deposited mono- and few-layer MoS2
Authors: Rommelfangen Jonathan , Reichardt Sven , Ben Chu Van , Wirtz Ludger , Dale Phillip J. , Redinger Alex
Published: June 2022

-The development of high-quality chemical vapor-deposited mono- and few-layer MoS2 is of high relevance for future applications in functional devices. Consequently, a detailed understanding of the growth mode and the parameters affecting it is important. Here, we show for the case of mono- and few-layer MoS2 grown on Muscovite mica, how strain and temperature impact the growth mode. We show how misleading the determination of the number of MoS2 layers is, solely based on Raman spectroscopy due to the occurrence of strain and changes in the growth mode. A combination of atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations reveal that that the growth at 500 °C synthesis temperature exhibits a strained layer-by-layer growth of up to three mono-layers, whereas at 700 °C, a strain release occurs and layer-by-layer growth is confined to the first mono-layer only. We relate the occurrence of strain to the formation of gas bubbles below the MoS2 film, escaping the mica sheets during high temperature synthesis. Our analysis shows that mica substrates can be used to study strain in 2D materials without the need to apply external stress and that a detailed knowledge of the MoS2 morphology is necessary to correctly interpret the Raman results.
Resistive switching behavior of the memristor based on WS2 nanosheets and polyvinylpyrrolidone nanocomposites
Authors: Cao Qing , Xiong Limiao , Yuan Xudong , Li Pengcheng , Wu Jun , Bi Hailin , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2022

Ag/tungsten disulfide (WS2)–polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/Cu memristors based on monolayer WS2 nanosheets and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposites were fabricated, and the influence of PVP content on the switching behaviors was investigated. The results indicate that the WS2–PVP based memristors show write-once read-many times (WORM) memory behavior. Remarkable resistive switching results such as a low operating voltage (VSET < 1 V), a high switching ratio (>103), good endurance (>100 cycles), and data retention time (>200 s) are obtained. With the increase in the PVP content, the device VSET gradually increases, and the switching ratio first slightly increases and then remarkably decreases. The double logarithm I–V curves verify that the switching mechanism of the devices is the trap-controlled space charge limited current mechanism, which is explained with the energy band diagram.
Toward machine learning for microscopic mechanisms: A formula search for crystal structure stability based on atomic properties
Authors: Gajera Udaykumar , Storchi Loriano , Amoroso Danila , Delodovici Francesco , Picozzi Silvia
Published: June 2022

Machine-learning techniques are revolutionizing the way to perform efficient materials modeling. We here propose a combinatorial machine-learning approach to obtain physical formulas based on simple and easily accessible ingredients, such as atomic properties. The latter are used to build materials features that are finally employed, through linear regression, to predict the energetic stability of semiconducting binary compounds with respect to zinc blende and rocksalt crystal structures. The adopted models are trained using a dataset built from first-principles calculations. Our results show that already one-dimensional (1D) formulas well describe the energetics; a simple grid-search optimization of the automatically obtained 1D-formulas enhances the prediction performance at a very small computational cost. In addition, our approach allows one to highlight the role of the different atomic properties involved in the formulas. The computed formulas clearly indicate that “spatial” atomic properties (i.e., radii indicating maximum probability densities for s,p,d electronic shells) drive the stabilization of one crystal structure with respect to the other, suggesting the major relevance of the radius associated with the p-shell of the cation species.