bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific echocardiographic reference values: the women's point of view
Authors: Petitto Marta , Esposito Roberta , Sorrentino Regina , Lembo Maria , Luciano Federica , De Roberto Anna Maria , La Mura Lucia , Pezzullo Enrica , Maffei Silvia , Galderisi Maurizio , Lancellotti Patrizio
Published: July 2018

Clinical presentation, diagnosis and outcomes of cardiac diseases are influenced by the activity of sex steroid hormones. These hormonal differences explain the later development of heart diseases in women in comparison with men and the different clinical picture, management and prognosis. Echocardiography is a noninvasive and easily available technique for the analysis of cardiac structure and function. The aim of the present review is to underline the most important echocardiographic differences between sexes. Several echocardiographic studies have found differences in healthy populations between women and men. Sex-specific difference of some of these parameters, such as left ventricular (LV) linear dimensions and left atrial volume, can be explained on the grounds of smaller body size of women, but other parameters (LV volumes, stroke volume and ejection fraction, right ventricular size and systolic function) are specifically lower in women, even after adjusting for body size and age. Sex-specific differences of standard Doppler and Tissue Doppler diastolic indices remain controversial, but it is likely for aging to affect LV diastolic function more in women than in men. Global longitudinal strain appears to be higher in women during the childbearing age – a finding that also highlights a possible hormonal influence in women. All these findings have practical implications, and sex-specific reference values are necessary for the majority of echocardiographic parameters in order to distinguish normalcy from disease. Careful attention on specific cut-off points in women could avoid misinterpretation, inappropriate management and delayed treatment of cardiac diseases such as valvular disease and heart failure.
Well-Being and Participation: Views on Policy Measures in Sparsely Populated Rural Municipalities in Finland
Authors: Halonen Maija , Kattilakoski Mari
Published: July 2018

This article examines how do municipalities aim to promote well-being in sparsely populated rural villages, and how are villagers involved in the measures of well-being undertaken in their municipality. The main analysis is based on the interviews of municipal representatives in the case study of North Karelia, Finland. The analysis of well-being and participation, and their relation to the social inclusion of rural inhabitants is executed under the themes of mobility, services, democratic involvement and civic action. The policy measures seek to improve liveability of the environment and the villagers’ quality of life. Participation, as a means and an end of well-being and inclusion, involves the dimensions of structural inclusion, as well as genuine participation and citizen engagement.
УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВНУТРИКЛЕТОЧНЫХ ОРГАНЕЛЛ ПРИ АПОПТОЗЕ
Authors: Снигиревская Е.С. , Комиссарчик Я.Ю.
Published: July 2018

Гибель клеток в результате генетически запрограммированных процессов апоптоза принимает участие не только в эмбриогенезе и гистогенезе, но также является фактором патогенеза многих заболеваний, в том числе вызываемых факторами окружающей среды, и может индуцироваться ими. В последнее время на первый план вышли исследования молекулярных механизмов апоптоза. В настоящем обзоре основное внимание уделено современным данным об ультраструктурных особенностях основных клеточных органелл и об их изменениях в процессе апоптоза, в том числе перестройкам компонентов интерхроматинового пространства ядра, а также участию убиквитин-протеасомной системы в апоптозе.
Effect of Polyamine on Pigmentation, Reactive Oxidative Species and Antioxidant under Drought in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Akter Sharmin , Rasul Md. Golam , Zakaria Mohammad , Sarker Md. Mahathir , Nila Irin Sultana , Dutta Sudipta , Haque Md. Masudul , Rohman Md. Motiar
Published: July 2018

To examine polyamines (PAs) effect in modulating the drought induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings (variety Khoibhutta, 8 day seedlings grown in petri dish in incubator) were subjected to 20% PEG (polyethylene glycol) followed by 20 Âµmol PAs, Putrescine (Put), Spermidine (Spd) and Spermine (Spm) with PEG solution for 48 hours. Sharp decrease in Relative Water Content (RWC), Chl a, Chl b, carotenoid (Car) and total pigment content was observed under drought compared to control condition, while PAs application reversed their decreasing trends. PEG significantly increased Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) [superoxide (O2•âˆ’) and H2O2], Methyl Glyoxal (MG), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Lipoxigenase (LOX) activity, while Pas decreased the contents considerably (except MG) as compared to those under drought. Drought increased proline content, which was further augmented in PA treatments. PAs failed to incline glyoxalase‘s (Gly-I and Gly-II) activities, reduced under PEG. The activity and western blot confirmed the accumulation of Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) under drought, but PAs failed to augment the activity. Ascorbic Acid (AsA) and Glutathione (GSH) got oxidized into Dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) under drought but PAs effectively maintained homeostasis. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR), Dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR), and Glutathione Reductase (GR) inclined in drought stressed seedlings, while Catalase (CAT) activity decreased under drought. PAs addition increased SOD, POD, GPX, CAT, MDHAR, and GR activities, but declined DHAR activity. These findings suggested important role of PAs in increasing tolerance under short term drought by modulating antioxidant effect.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA HẠN HÁN ĐẾN SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT TRỒNG LÚA TẠI HUYỆN HÒA VANG, THÀNH PHỐ ĐÀ NẴNG
Authors: Phượng Trần Thị , Chương Huỳnh Văn
Published: July 2018

Tóm tắt: Sản xuất nông nghiệp là một trong những lĩnh vực dễ bị tổn thương nhất do hạn hán. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của hạn hán đến sử dụng đất trồng lúa tại huyện Hòa Vang, thành phố Đà Nẵng. Các phương pháp nghiên cứu được sử dụng bao gồm thu thập số liệu thứ cấp và sơ cấp, đánh giá hạn hán sử dụng chỉ số SPI. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hạn hán không xảy ra liên tục mà xen kẽ nhau, khô hạn nặng xuất hiện nhiều hơn từ năm 2005 đến 2016. SPI trong vụ Hè Thu có xu hướng giảm từ 1997 đến 2016, dẫn đến thiếu nước tưới nghiêm trọng cho cây lúa, đặc biệt là vào tháng 6 và 7. Trung bình diện tích đất canh tác lúa/hộ trong vụ Hè Thu thấp hơn so với vụ Đông Xuân 23,3 %. Kết quả tính toán cho thấy có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa về mặt thống kê của trung bình diện tích đất lúa canh tác và bị hạn giữa hai vụ (p < 0,05). Diện tích lúa của các xã vùng núi chỉ bị ảnh hưởng bởi hạn hán vào vụ Hè Thu, trong khi các xã vùng đồng bằng và trung du bị ảnh hưởng bởi hạn hán ở cả hai vụ.Từ khóa:  đất trồng lúa, hạn hán, huyện Hòa Vang, SPI
SỬ DỤNG ẢNH VỆ TINH ĐỂ XÁC ĐỊNH TRỮ LƯỢNG CACBON CỦA CÂY LÂU NĂM Ở HUYỆN BỐ TRẠCH, TỈNH QUẢNG BÌNH
Authors: Quốc Trung Phạm , Hoàng Khánh Linh Nguyễn , Chương Huỳnh Văn , Văn Tiến Nguyễn
Published: July 2018

Tóm tắt: Hiện nay, phần lớn các nghiên cứu về đánh giá khả năng hấp thụ cacbon chủ yếu trên đất rừng, trong khi các nghiên cứu về xác định trữ lượng cacbon của đất sản xuất nông nghiệp còn rất ít. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm mục đích đánh giá khả năng tích lũy cacbon của loại hình sử dụng đất trồng cây lâu năm tại huyện Bố Trạch, tỉnh Quảng Bình. Để thực hiện mục tiêu đó, nghiên cứu đã phối hợp kết quả phân loại ảnh viễn thám Landsat với số liệu điều tra thực địa để xác định sinh khối, trữ lượng cacbon tích lũy của cây lâu năm ở huyện Bố Trạch. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, diện tích trồng cây lâu năm chiếm 11.362,62 ha, chủ yếu là cây cao su. Trữ lượng sinh khối và cacbon trên ảnh của cây cao su tại các ô tiêu chuẩn có giá trị sinh khối trung bình là 40,53 tấn/ha, giá trị cacbon trung bình là 20,28 tấn/ha. Việc xác định sinh khối và trữ lượng cacbon của cây lâu năm cung cấp cơ sở khoa học và tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho việc điều chỉnh quy hoạch sử dụng đất trong thời gian tới nhằm nâng cao khả năng tích lũy cacbon trong đất hướng đến hạn chế biến đổi khí hậu.Từ khóa: cacbon, cây lâu năm, cao su, viễn thám, Bố Trạch, Quảng Bình
Aproximación a una metodología para la construcción de una línea jurisprudencial que apoye a la sdis en la garantía de derechos sociales y el fortalecimiento de las redes de partipación social en el Distrito Capital
Authors: Derechos humanos Grupo de estudios políticos, Normativos y de
Published: July 2018

La docente e investigadora del área de Derecho penal y derechos humanos, Dídima Rico Chavarro, presenta aquí un extracto de los informes que el equipo de trabajo entregó en desarrollo del proyecto objeto del Convenio de Asociación No. 3385 de 19/12/08, celebrado entre el Distrito Capital de Bogotá (Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social) y la Fundación Universidad Autónoma de Colombia. El objeto del proyecto, por consiguiente, es el desarrollo de una metodología que oriente a la Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social (sdis) en la aplicación de los instrumentos jurisprudenciales sobre garantías constitucionales en materia de derechos sociales y le permita hacer pedagogía al respecto entre la población más vulnerable del Distrito Capital, fortalecer las redes de participación social y orientar la exigibilidad y garantía vía derechos de participación, alimentación y nutrición.
El control disciplinario, clave en la construcción de un Estado constitucional, social y democrático de derecho
Authors: Forero Salcedo José Rory
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se presenta una serie de reflexiones sobre la construcción de unEstado constitucional, social y democrático de derecho desde la óptica del derechocomparado, propiciadas en el ámbito académico y laboral.
“La esencia de la democracia es la alternación en el poder”
Authors: María Paula Saffon Sanín César Rodríguez Garavito
Published: July 2018

El famoso constitucionalista estadounidense Stephen Holmes estuvo en Colombia y sus planteamientos cuestionan la posibilidad de que Álvaro Uribe aspire a una segunda reelección.
Veinte años de la Convención de los Derechos del Niño: reflexiones sobre el desarrollo jurídico en Colombia
Authors: Quiroz Monsalvo Aroldo
Published: July 2018

Tengo que señalar que la Convención de los Derechos del Niño, acompañada por las Reglas Mínimas de las Naciones Unidas para la Administración de Justicia de Menores (Reglas de Beijing), las Directrices de las Naciones Unidas para la prevención de la delincuencia de menores (Directrices de RIAD), entre otros instrumentos internacionales, con la teoría de la doctrina de la protección integral, consumaron el surgimiento a finales del siglo XX del Derecho de Infancia y Adolescencia en Colombia como una nueva rama jurídica que ha contribuido a la adopción del Código de la Infancia y la Adolescencia, el cual ha consolidado este nuevo derecho, que considero un derecho autónomo, regido por sus propios principios, reglas y procedimientos, y aplicado por sus respectivas autoridades administrativas y judiciales
Desafíos de los ordenamientos territoriales en Colombia: guerra, narcotráfico, minería y agronegocios en los territorios de comunidades campesinas, negras e indígenas del sur del país
Authors: Garcés Hidalgo Álvaro
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo intenta contribuir al debate sobre las dife- rentes formas de ordenación territorial, que a manera de ejer- cicios de poder están impactando los territorios étnicos en el suroccidente colombiano. En ese orden, se da una mirada crí- tica a diferentes factores que tienen efectos nefastos sobre los territorios y las territorialidades étnicas, entre ellos: el conflicto armado; el narcotráfico y la producción de cultivos de uso ilícito; las propuestas estatales de desarrollo minero, forestal y la puesta en marcha de modelos económicos y territoriales erigidos sobre la lógica de los agronegocios. Lo que se propone es que todos los aspectos anteriores deben ser asumidos como parte fundamental de un análisis sistémico encaminado a comprender el conflicto territorial en esta región; ello, porque históricamente en esta misma área, las minorías étnicas también vienen adelantando sus propios “ordenamientos del territorio”, amparadas, por su- puesto, en las facultades legales establecidas en la Constitución Política, en sus propios usos y costumbres, y en las demás legis- laciones especiales que los cobijan. En resumen, el texto plantea elementos de discusión que buscan generar un acercamiento crí- tico a lo que acontece en esta región de Colombia.

The following article intends to contribute to the discussion of the different forms of territorial organization which, evidenc- ing power, are impacting the ethnical territories of Colombian southwest. In this sense, a critical view is presented about the different factors with disastrous effects for the territories and ethnical territorialities. Some of these are the armed conflict, drug trafficking, the production of illicit crops, the State pro- posals for mining and forest development, and the setting up of territorial and economic models based on the logic of agri- businesses. The proposal consists in considering all the previ- ous factors as a fundamental part of a systemic analysis aimed at understanding the territorial conflict in this region because, historically speaking, in this same area, ethnical minorities have been carrying out their own “territorial organizations” and these decisions are supported, of course, by the legal faculties established in the Political Constitution, by their own uses and costumes and by the other special laws that uphold their rights. To sum up, the text sets out some discussion factors that intend to generate a critical approach on what is happening in this re- gion of Colombia.
Desaparición forzada y violencia sexual contra mujeres en Putumayo, Colombia
Authors: Guatame Garcia Ana , Delgado Mahecha Ovidio
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se describen las generalidades del contexto socioespacial y territorial del departamento de Putumayo y se enuncian algunas de sus relaciones con el conflicto social arma- do en el que se inscribe la desaparición forzada y la violencia sexual contra las mujeres. Se presenta una reseña analítica del marco normativo referente a la desaparición forzada y la violen- cia sexual, que reconoce y regula la tipificación de dichos delitos. Con base en informes de varias instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, y con información primaria recogida en trabajo de campo, se documenta y analiza la desaparición forzada y la violencia sexual contra las mujeres en Putumayo, se evalúan sus consecuencias y las respuestas institucionales a las familias de las víctimas. This article describes the basic concepts of the socio-spatial and territorial context of the Colombian department Of Pu- tumayo and states its relationships with the Colombian social armed conflict that involves enforced disappearance and sexual violence against women. An analytical review of the regula- tory framework referring to the enforced disappearance and sexual violence is presented and it recognizes and regulates the categorization of these crimes. Based on reports from several governmental and non-governmental institutions and with the primary information collected by fieldwork, the enforced disap- pearance and sexual violence against women coming from the Colombian department of Putumayo are documented and ana- lyzed. Its consequences and institutional responses to the vic- tims’ families are assessed.
El laicismo en Rafael Uribe Uribe
Authors: Díaz Gamboa Luis Bernardo
Published: July 2018

En el artículo se hace una defensa del laicismo en el pensa- miento y la conducta esgrimida por el general Rafael Uri- be Uribe, pues corresponde a una impronta en su discurrir como conductor político, en una época donde el oscuran- tismo conservador imponía su hegemonía en Colombia. El autor destaca el valor del caudillo liberal que sentó las bases de un Estado doctrinariamente aconfesional que solo hasta la Constitución de 1991 se consagrara. The defense of secularism in thinking and behavior put forward by General Rafael Uribe Uribe, it corresponds to a mark in their discourse as political leader, at a time when the conservative obscurantism imposed its hegemo- ny in Colombia. The author emphasizes the value of the liberal leader who laid the foundations of a secular state doctrinally only to the Constitution of 1991 consecrated.
Protocolo de Minnesota. ¿Tiene carácter vinculante para el Estado colombiano?
Authors: Palencia Fernandez Rafael , Murillo Herrera Martha
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo examina que, no teniendo la naturaleza ju- rídica de una convención o tratado, el Protocolo de Minnesota tiene para Colombia carácter vinculante. El fundamento jurídico es el mandato expreso del artículo 93 de la Constitución Política de 1991, la cual no solo incorpora los convenios y tratados so- bre derechos humanos ratificados, sino que ordena interpretar los derechos contenidos en ella a la luz de dichos acuerdos. El debido proceso establecido en el artículo 29 de nuestra Carta está integrado a los artículos 8 y 25 de la Convención America- na sobre Derechos Humanos. La Corte idh ha establecido que, en la investigación de muertes sospechosas de ser ejecuciones extrajudiciales, los principios y procedimientos contenidos en el Protocolo de Minnesota son diligencias sustanciales al debido proceso y por tanto obligan a los Estados; por consiguiente, su aplicación tiene carácter vinculante para el Estado colombiano en las investigaciones por desaparición forzada, delito que gene- ralmente termina con la ejecución de las víctimas.
A potência política dos territórios periféricos na metrópole de São Paulo
Authors: Do Amaral e Silva Fabiana Felix , De Oliveira Dennis
Published: July 2018

Este artigo de reflexão pretende contribuir para o debate sobre movimentos sociais latino-americanos, ao tratar das novas territorialidades construídas no cotidiano de lutas e enfrentamento dos movimentos sociais da periferia da metrópole de São Paulo. O território é compreendido como espaço de conflito e construção de significados a partir das contradições entre as perspectivas dos movimentos sociais ali inseridos e os interesses dos segmentos hegemônicos. A legitimidade das lutas destes movimentos sociais está no rompimento com processos de opressão e expropriação, nos vínculos territoriais e comunitários, formação identitária, política e crítica de suas bases, no fortalecimento de seus processos comunicacionais, o que produz um conhecimento
próprio que traz à tona a discussão de uma potência política dos territórios periféricos.
Pedagógicas emancipadoras y nuevos sentidos de comunidad en América Latina
Authors: Torres Carrillo Alfonso
Published: July 2018

Pendiente
La etnoeducación bilingüe: norma y términos constitucionales y desafío para las etnias
Authors: Pulido Aguirre Yeny Alexandra
Published: July 2018

Los grupos indígenas de Colombia lograron ser reconocidos como grupos con cultura y lengua propia por parte del Estado a través de la Constitución Política de Colombia de 1991. Esta carta magna contiene un conjunto de normas que hacen referencia a la presencia de grupos étnicos en el territorio nacional, la existencia de una diversidad lingüística, la educación étnica y bilingüe, la responsabilidad del Estado frente a la vivencia de la cultura y la garantía de la educación para estos grupos, entre otros que la apoyan. Este logro fue producto de la lucha que estás etnias llevaron a cabo durante las últimas décadas. No obstante, la norma constitucional no refleja la realidad étnica y lingüística del país lo cual dificulta el emprendimiento de acciones que permitan el goce de los derechos étnicos. Pese a que la norma constitucional resulte incompleta, los grupos étnicos deben reclamar su derecho a la educación étnica y bilingüe, ya que se trata de un logro alcanzado por las etnias, aunque ello no quiera decir que la lucha por la exigencia de sus derechos se detenga. En este sentido, las etnias deben asumir el reto de la etnoeducación bilingüe respondiendo a su proyecto socio-histórico y su derecho constitucional para emprenderla.
The Effects of Good Corporate Governance and Audit Quality on Earnings Management
Authors: Laily Nujmatul
Published: July 2018

A number of previous empirical studies have attempted to reveal the existence of earnings management. However, a research that focuses on how to alleviate the earnings management practices committed by managers is still insufficiently available. This study is aimed to examine the effects of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and audit quality on earnings management. The presence of Board of Commisioner and Audit Commitee in Indonesian Manufacturing Public Listed Companies serves as the proxy of GCG. On the other hand, KAP (public accounting firm) size, dichotomous variables and an assumption that big four auditors perform higher audit quality compared to non-big four auditor serve as the proxy of the audit quality. To echo the prior research, earnings management is measured by employing discretionary accruals modified by Jone (1995). 151 manufacturing listed companies were determined as the population and 86 public listed companies were eventually opted for the sample. Purposive sampling method was employed and regression was performed to analyze the data. The results showed that (1) accounting firms size does not yield significant effects on earnings management. It indicates that neither big four nor non-big four can significantly detect the existence of earnings management undertaken by manager through the audit they administer; (2) Board of Commisioner and Audit Commitee also do not generate significant effects on earnings management. It indicates that good corporate governance proxied by the existence of Board Commisioner and Audit Commitee do not necessarily alleviate the earnings management practices.

 

Keywords: Earnings management, audit quality, good corporate governance
The Effect of Budget Participation to Budgetary Slack With External Pressure as Moderating Variable
Authors: Rifqi Robith Abdullah , Subekti Imam , Rahman Aulia Fuad
Published: July 2018

This study aims to examine empirically the effect of budget participation on budgetary slack and the influence of external pressure as a moderating of the relationship between budget participation and budgetary slack in Probolinggo Municipal Government. The sample was 105 employees participated in the budgeting process at 40 Local Government Units (LGU) in Probolinggo Municipal Government. This study was using multiple linear regression. The outcomes indicated that the greater level of employee participation in the preparation of the budget, the budgetary slack will be reduced. Unfortunately, this study was not able to prove that the interaction between budget participation and external pressure strengthen the relationship between budget participation and budgetary slack. Yet, external pressure can reduce budgetary slack.

Keywords: budget participation, budgetary slack, external pressure.
The Determinant of Banking Efficiency in Indonesia (DEA Approach)
Authors: Sari Putri Zanufa , Saraswati Erwin
Published: July 2018

This research is aimed to analyze efficiency performance in banking industries in Indonesia within 2012-2014 period. Data Envelopment Analysis method was used to find determinant in Tobit regression model. Purposive sampling was used to determine samples with the number of companies up to 89 banks consist of 5 different groups. Those are 26 state and local government own enterprises, 6 foreign banks, 11 mixed banks, 19 BUSN Devisa, 27 BUSN non Devisa. Based on analysis result, obtained that the foreign banks has the efficiency the highest compared to a group of banks BUMN/BUMD ( the government banks), BUSN non-foreign exchange , BUSN foreign exchange , and a group of banks a mixture. Efficiency in banking influenced by return on assets (ROA). The higher roa will be able to improve the efficiency banks in indonesia .
Keywords: DEA, Tobit, ROA, CAR, NPL
Financial Performance Analysis of Location, Rental Rate and Parking Revenue on Shopping Centers
Authors: Magdalena Rita
Published: July 2018

This study aims to determine the influence of location, rental rates, as well as parking revenues to the shopping center's financial performance as measured by proxy Return on Investment (ROI) in the city of Surabaya and Sidoarjo. In theory, this study aims to obtain empirical evidence over bid rent theory first proposed by Thünen (1826) and the central location theory proposed by Christaller (1933) so as to benefit the investors, managers, and academics. This study uses secondary data sources. The analysis tool used is regression. Hypothesis testing results show that the strategic location of the shopping center increased financial performance, measured by using a proxy ROI (Return on Investment), while the price of rental and parking revenues shopping center does not have a significant impact on the financial performance. This supported the theory of transaction cost that every financial transaction must consider the cost factor that can lead to lower financial ratios, in addition to the queuing theory, which considers that any value of investment made to reduce queues should consider the return on investment along with factors of customer satisfaction and reducing the volume of the queue. The test results cluster analysis showed that the shopping centers located in residential centers have higher rental rates and earn higher parking revenues when compared with the shopping center located in the downtown area.
Keywords: shopping centers, locations, rental rates, parking income, return on investment, financial performance
The Boxdot Conjecture and the Generalized McKinsey Axiom
Authors: Steinsvold Christopher
Published: July 2018

The Boxdot Conjecture is shown to hold for a novel class of modal systems. Each system in this class is K plus an instance of a natural generalization of the McKinsey axiom. [Note from the editors: This paper was accepted for publication in 2011. It should have been published in 2014. The lateness of the appearance of the article is due entirely to an editorial oversight.]
THE USE OF THE ECOLOGICAL CALENDAR IN THE PROCESS OF ACQUAINTANCE OF OVER-FIVE PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SEASONAL CHANGES IN NATURE
Authors: Khanova T. G. , Byvsheva M. V. , Demidova E. E.
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The article examines the important problem of the formation of pre-schoolers' views on the change of seasons, patterns and features of seasonal changes in nature. The approaches to solving this problem existing in science are stated briefly, the specificity of pre-schoolers' learning of temporary and seasonal ideas is revealed. Theoretically, the effectiveness of the application of the ecological calendar in the work on the environmental education of pupils of 5-6 years is proved experimentally.

Materials and methods: The results of an experimental study of the effectiveness of the application of the ecological calendar for the familiarization of children of over-five  preschool age with seasonal changes in nature, obtained on the basis of the use of diagnostic tools, are presented on the basis of  S.N. Nikolaeva and OA Solomennikova on revealing the level of the formation of knowledge about the seasons.

Results:Based on the research of M.M. Ushakova, S.N. Nikolaeva and other authors the main content of the ecological calendar adapted for over-five preschoolers is presented, the main ecological dates (dates of solstices), events and holidays of ecological orientation, state holidays identified, taking into account the climatic and geographical conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the requirements of the GEF preschool education, the interests of children. Some of the most effective forms and methods of working with children on acquaintance with environmental dates are described.

Discussion and conclusions: On a concrete factual material, the expediency of using the calendar of ecological dates as an orderly system of annual events in nature in the work on making familiar 5-6 years preschoolers with seasonal changes in nature is shown. The obtained data convince that children of the senior preschool age are able to assimilate complex knowledge about the rhythm and cyclic nature of processes.
RATING PLAN AS A MECHANISM OF EVALUATING THE DEGREE FORMATION OF COMPETENCES
Authors: Perevoshikova E. N.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:the article is devoted to the identification of the specifics of the construction of a rating plan for the academic discipline. It is shown that the rating system, implemented in the university, is not a stable developing system.  One of the reasons is the discrepancy between the three documents: the program on discipline, the rating-plan and the fund of evaluation tools for the academic discipline. The article reveals the author's approach to the development of a rating-plan, evaluation criteria and a fund of valuation means as component parts of  methodical support for students in the study of the academic discipline.

Materials and methods:in the article the key components of the rating system of evaluation are identified, the place of the rating-plan in the rating system of evaluation is determined, its role in establishing the connection between the program on discipline    and the fund of valuation means is determined.

The results of the research: the article establishes the specificity of the rating-plan construction, describes the evaluation tools and the form of their presentation in the rating plan and the fund of valuation means , and shows how to determine the rating scale. Examples are given of the construction of the rating- plan, criteria and scales of assessment, the decomposition of competences in the passport of the fund of valuation means. Recommendations are formulated on the development of the passport of the fund of valuation means, which ensure the coordination of the discipline program, of a rating- plan  and the fund of valuation means.

Discussion and conclusion: the article discusses the existing difficulties in the construction of a rating-plan and a fund of valuation means , analyzes typical errors in the selection of valuation tools, in the description of criteria and scales of assessment. The conclusion formulated in the article is that the rating-plan should be built as a mechanism for assessing the degree of competences formation, which clearly indicated the evaluation criteria and relevant indicators, scale of assessment. This mechanism should be disclosed in the fund of valuation means.
THE USING OF POLYPRENOL-CONTAINING DRUG IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Tsoi E. I. , Vyshlov E. V. , Trusov V. B.
Published: July 2018

The article shows the results of the study using drug Ropren in the patients with acute coronary syndrome. Ropren is  a plant drug containing polyprenols — dolichol precursors which take part in dolichol phosphate pathway. The pathology in this pathway leads to disbalance and glycoprotein deficiency. This is the reason of large group of diseases. This study is randomized double blind placebo controlled (No. NCT03122340 at ClinicalTrials.gov). Patients (n=68) with ACS taking standard therapy including atorvastatin 40 mg/day were randomized into to 2 groups: group 1 (n=34) took Ropren  8 drops 3 times per day for 3 week, then 5 drops 3 times per day for 5 weeks; group 2 (n=34) took placebo in the same dose regimen. After two — month therapy there was a positive dynamic (decreasing) in the level of interleukin-6 in the study group whereas in the control group there was no statistically significant change: 4.36 (2.61, 8.95) and 5.5 (3.3; 8.4) pg/ml, respectively (p<0.05). In the group of patients taking Ropren the reduction or cessation of statin was required significantly less than in the placebo group: 3 (8.8%) vs 9 (26.5%), respectively. One patient from the first group had a side effect in the form of gravity in the right hypochondrium. That is why the administration of Ropren in addition to standard therapy is reasonable in patients with ACS.
ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF THE METHYLATION LEVELS OF MIR10B AND MIR21 GENES IN BLOOD LEUKOCYTES WITH ADVANCED CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Koroleva Iu. A. , Zarubin A. A. , Markov A. V. , Kazancev A. N. , Barbarash O. L. , Nazarenko M. S.
Published: July 2018

Complications of atherosclerosis remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. MiRNAs are short regulatory molecules that are involved in all processes of pathogenesis. Expression of miRNAs is regulated by DNA methylation. Methylation and/or expression of MIR10B and MIR21 genes are known to vary in atherosclerotic tissues of the arteries, but there is no data about the changes in the methylation levels of these genes in blood leukocytes and their association with atherosclerosis risk factors.

Objective.To evaluate the association of methylation levels of MIR10B and MIR21 genes in the blood leukocytes with risk factors and pathogenetically significant traits of carotid atherosclerosis.

Material and Methods. DNA for the study was extracted from the samples of blood leukocytes of 122 patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis as well as from blood leukocytes of 135 individuals in the control group. The DNA methylation level was analyzed by bisulfite pyrosequencing.

Results.The methylation level of the MIR10B and MIR21 genes in leukocytes of patients with atherosclerosis is higher than in the leukocytes of the control group. In leukocytes of patients with carotid atherosclerosis the methylation level of the MIR21 gene promoter was correlated with type 2 diabetes and serum cholesterol level, and the methylation level of the coding region of the MIR10B gene was correlated with smoking.

Conclusions.The level of DNA methylation in the regions of MIR10B and MIR21 genes in blood leukocytes is associated with the risk of advanced atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries.
EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND NUTRITION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Kazimov M. A. , Aliyevа R. Kh. , Kazimova V. M.
Published: July 2018

Aim. Identification of the relationship between the state of physical development and the peculiarity of nutrition of students of theAzerbaijanMedicalUniversity.

Material and Methods. Measurement of anthropometric indicators of the students of the 2nd and 5th courses was carried out by the currently known methods. Calculation methods were used to determine sigma deviation, Broca index, body mass index, vital index. The features of student nutrition are studied using the questionnaire-method. Based on the collected questionnaires, the number of macronutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) in the daily ration and its energy value are calculated from the table of the chemical composition of the products.

Results. The gender difference in the actual indicators of physical development and the number of macronutrients used in the diets is stated. The largest number of students with normal mass-scale indicators are defined among the girls of the 2nd year and boys of the 5th year. The content of macronutrients in the diets of these students corresponded to the standards and was confirmed by the values of the body mass index.Comparison of the physical development and the chemical composition of the daily ration indicates that the nutritional status of students, in particular, for young men of the 2nd year (25%) and girls of the 5th year (more than 30%), is inefficient. Excessive fat content in the daily ration and the scarce supply of other macronutrients to the body of students gives grounds for developing recommendations on dietary nutrition.
Post-conflict Policies in Colombia. An approach of the potentiality of South-South Cooperation (SSC) in the peace process
Authors: Jima Gonzalez Alexandra , Paradela López Miguel , Serrano Ávila Ana María
Published: July 2018

The agreement between the Colombian government and FARC-EP insurgency is an important milestone towards the resolution of one of the longest civil conflicts in history. However, there are several issues that have not been completely addressed: disarmament, reinsertion of former combatants, political participation and justice. Taking into account these needs, South-South Cooperation (SSC) becomes relevant, especially as it targets technical and participatory assistance rather than just direct money transfers. In this context, the article has three purposes: firstly, it analyzes the post-conflict policies implemented up-to-date. Secondly, it investigates specific policies coming from SSC sources. And finally, it extrapolates SSC initiatives from other Latin American countries that have endured similar conflicts. It is concluded that, though SSC is inspiring post-conflict policies in Colombia, there are some other unexplored prospects that could be useful.
Escalamiento y desescalamiento del conflicto armado urbano en Medellín durante el periodo 2001-2008
Authors: Duarte Herrea Lisbeth Katerine , Pedraza Beleño Jose Adolfo
Published: July 2018

La violencia y el conflicto armado urbano de Medellín constituyen una problemática que ha estado presente en la ciudad, cobrando su propia especificidad y dinamismo frente al conflicto nacional. En esta investigación se estudió la violencia urbana desatada durante el periodo 2001-2008 por parte de tres actores armados ilegales, con el fin de identificar la hegemonía y periodos de escalamiento y desescalamiento del conflicto. Se recopiló información sistemática a partir del trabajo de archivo hemerográfico e información secundaria especializada para la serie de tiempo objeto de estudio. Los hallazgos encontrados señalan la desaparición de las milicias guerrilleras del territorio, la mutación de los grupos paramilitares hacia las bandas criminales y la persistencia del narcotráfico como catalizador y reproductor del conflicto
Política exterior y poder internacional de Argentina durante los gobiernos kirchneristas
Authors: Miranda Roberto
Published: July 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el poder internacional de Argentina a través de la política exterior de los gobiernos kirchneristas (2003-2015), enfocando los conceptos de autonomía e influencia. El estudio considera, por un lado, las relaciones bilaterales de Argentina con Brasil, China y Estados Unidos y, por otro lado, su participación en las cumbres del G-20 y su papel frente a las crisis institucionales y diplomáticas de países latinoamericanos. Se observa que los citados gobiernos tuvieron independencia decisional y tendieron a adaptar al país a los condicionantes de la dinámica internacional. Sin embargo, del análisis se desprende que las acciones de política exterior no materializaron la autonomía sostenida desde la retórica (construyendo poder para recortar dependencias), ni tampoco desplegaron influencia a través de la persuasión para proyectar poder.
Metarrelatos políticos: los preámbulos constitucionales latinoamericanos
Authors: Pardo Martínez Orlando
Published: July 2018

Se analizan los contenidos de los preámbulos de las Constituciones Políticas de los Estados latinoamericanos, con el de fin de comprenderlos, clasificarlos, exponerlos de manera comparada. Con base en ello, se establece su relación con el actual modelo de Estado de derecho y su papel como insumos ideológicos tanto para la producción de normas jurídicas, como para la respectiva hermenéutica constitucional, específicamente, en los juicios de control o de defensa constitucional. Se describe, además, la evolución de su concepto y significado, sus contenidos, funciones y fines, a partir del examen de las proclamas asumidas como metarrelatos que compendian afirmaciones políticas cohesivas de diferente naturaleza (axiológica, filosófica, mítica, histórica y cultural) y que tienen la pretensión de legitimar un nuevo proyecto de orden sociopolítico o de relegitimar uno existente. Estas son tomadas de los textos de las Cartas Políticas de los Estados latinoamericanos mediante una metodología de análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo.
Enfoque diferencial étnico de la Red de Protección Social contra la Extrema Pobreza en Colombia
Authors: Bonilla Ovallos Maria Eugenia , Torres Torres Maria Fernanda
Published: July 2018

La reducción de la pobreza es una apuesta pública en Colombia que ha generado logros significativos, al tiempo que ha ampliado las asimetrías sociales de la población rural y las poblaciones étnicas del país. Este artículo analiza la forma en que se ha implementado el enfoque diferencial de la Red de Protección Social contra la Extrema Pobreza, Estrategia UNIDOS, en las poblaciones indígenas de Colombia. Esto, mediante la realización de un análisis documental y la aplicación de entrevistas a funcionarios de las entidades que integran la Red UNIDOS y la Estrategia UNIDOS, así como a beneficiarios pertenecientes a seis comunidades indígenas del país.
Lozano, M. (2017): Memoria de la prensa política y cultural durante las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX en Tunja.
Authors: Carreño Tarazona Clara Ines
Published: July 2018

Libro: Lozano, Mario (2017). Memoria de la prensa política y cultural durante las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX en Tunja. Tunja: Editorial Universidad de Boyacá. ISBN/ISSN: 978-958-8642-77-2
Authors: ABDALLAH ZACHARI
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai tukar rupiah terhadap return saham dengan roa sebagai variabel intervening. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data sekunder yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan Manufaktur pada sub sektor Industri Rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011-2015. Analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur dengan populasi sebanyak 4 perusahaan dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 3 perusahaan dari populasi. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini adalah nilai tukar rupiah tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap return saham, namun apabila menggunakan ROA sebagai variabel Intervening maka adanya pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung antara nilai tukar rupiah terhadap return saham. 

 

Kata Kunci : Nilai Tukar Rupiah, Return Saham, Return On Asset (ROA).
CASH POSITION, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, RETURN ON ASSET DAN FIRM SIZE TERHADAP DIVIDENT PAYOUT RATIO
Authors: Setiawan Edi , Zamzani Faizal Ridwan , Amelia Nur Fitri
Published: July 2018

This research is aimed to knowing and analyzing the effect of the cash position, debt to equity ratio, return on asset and firm size to divident payout ratio. The type of data used in this study is pool data which is a combination time series, and cross section. panel data regression anlaysis test, election panel data reression estimation techniques, heteroscedasticity test, regression model analysis, and regression model testin and regression coefficients. The result showed that the partial debt to equity ratio and firm size no significantly influence the divident payout ratio, while the cash position, return on asset significantly influence the divident payout ratio. Simultaneously, cash position, debt to equity ratio, return on asset and firm size variable have a significant to divident payout ratio.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENCIPTAAN BRAND IMAGE DAN AKTIFITAS WORD OF MOUTH (WOM) PADA PENGUATAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK FASHION
Authors: Nurcahyo Bagus , Riskayanto Riskayanto
Published: July 2018

Di Indonesia banyak produsen maupun penjual produk fashion, karena adanya persaingan antar produsen maupun penjual produk fashion, maka terjadi persaingan tidak sehat dengan membuat replika dengan kualitas yang jauh berbeda tetapi memiliki fisik yang mirip dengan aselinya, sehingga merugikan produsen aselinya, karena rata rata orang di Indonesia lebih memilih produk replika dibandingkan dengan membeli yang original karena harga jauh lebih murah dibandingkan dengan yang original oleh karena itu banyak produsen yang mengalami kerugian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur penilaian pelanggan terhadap variabel brand image, word of mouth, keputusan pembelian.

Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penlitian ini adalah dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui pendekatan non probability sampling dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling. Pada tahap analisis dilakukan uji validitas dan reabilitas, uji normalitas, uji regresi linear berganda, uji hipotesis, dan uji koefisien determinasi.

Hasil uji t menunjukan bahwa brand image yang tercipta dan aktifitas word of mouth memiliki dampak positif pada penguatan keputusan pembelian produk fashion. Hasil uji F menunjukan bahwa penciptaan brand image dan word of mouth yang dilakukan secara benar memiliki dampak positif pada penguatan keputusan pembelian produk fashion.
Statistical Estimation of the Demand for Jute Goods in
Pakistan
Authors: Hasan Imam K. A. T. M.
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study is to derive a demand function for
jute goods in Pakistan. Such an exercise is necessary for several
reasons; to provide a systematic analysis of the forces that govern the
demand for jute goods in Pakistan and to make it possible to provide
(assuming no serious structural changes within the economy) a reasonably
probable basis for planning future production targets in jute goods,
since internal demand together with export demand would determine such a
target. At this date it is difficult to discern any significant
time-trend for jute demand; there have been large year-to-year
fluctuations. To indicate the nature of such fluctuations: the figure
for internal demand in 1960-61 was 16.87 per cent lower than that of
1956-57 while the figure for 1961-62 was 0.11 per cent lower than the
level of 1956-57 and 20.16 per cent above the level of 1960-61 (see,
Appendix Table A-l). However, since demand for jute goods is a derived
demand, such fluctuations could not have been primarily random, nor
could they have been due to any odd factor such as the enigma of taste
changes. Such fluctuations can then be sought to be traced to the
fluctuations in the levels of its determinants and the purpose here,
essentially, is to find whether these demand fluctuations can be
systematically explained as being caused by changes in some of these
determining variables.
The Relation of Indirect Tax Changes to Price Changes in
Pakistan
Authors: Radhu Ghulam Mohammad
Published: July 2018

This study examines the effects of indirect taxes on prices in
Pakistan. It is not a thorough study of the incidence of indirect taxes.
It is an attempt to determine the relationship between changes in
indirect tax rates and price changes. There have been several changes in
the rates of sales and excise taxes in Pakistan in the past few years.
The standard rate of sales tax was increased from 10 per cent to 12.5
per cent in 1960, and to 15 per cent in 1963. The rates of excises have
been modified from time to time. It should be of great practical
interest to see whether these taxes have been shifted to consumers or
borne by producers and sellers. Since one study of the effect of import
duties on domestic prices of imports has been done recently in the
Pakistan Institute of Development Economics |4], and further study of
that aspect of the matter is going on, this study covers only sales and
excise taxes.