bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformation of degree programmes for the hospitality industry: experience of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Authors: Bunakov Oleg Aleksandrovich , Semenova Liudmila Valerievna , Kuksa Irina Yuryevna , Eidelman Boris Mojshevich
Published: December 2020

This article presents the main theoretical approaches to the problem of training a competitive specialist for the hospitality industry. The authors reflect on the competences and skills to be formed. The analysis of the main international programmes showed that professional community and academic community have a different vision of how education programmes in hospitality are to be designed and implemented. The study demonstrates the need to incorporate more practice-oriented elements in the degree programmes thus ensuring better preparedness of graduates for their future professional activity. Educational institutions are to collaborate with the professional community, thereby contributing to the formation of a competitive specialist who meets the requirements and expectations of the hospitality industry. The authors present a model for the formation of a competitive specialist for the hospitality industry, which has been elaborated, introduced and tested by the Institute of Recreation, Tourism and Sports of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.
What the ancient greeks would say about cyborgs and artificial intelligence: a thought experiment
Authors: Sergeev Sergey , Sergeeva Zulfia , Avzalova Elmira
Published: December 2020

How can technologies affect human nature? If the nature of human beings changes, one wonders: in which direction? These problems are actively discussed today by philosophers, sociologists and political scientists, representatives of religious denominations, etc. One of the points of view, which can be conditionally called “anthropomorphic”, boils down to the fact that the combination of man and machine is unacceptable, as this leads to anti-humanism, and one must follow the path of improving the Human Body. "Transhumanists" or "post-humanists", on the other hand, say that everything that can be done must be done and progress cannot be stopped. The point of compromise is to comply with the “red line”: to prohibit reproductive cloning, but to allow the use of biotechnologies, for example, to treat people. The article also tried to implement a kind of mental experiment and to evaluate the technological trends indicated from the position of the ancient philosophers, mainly Socrates and Plato. The authors suggest that ancient philosophers could give ambiguous assessments.
Evaluative connotation of the component “right” in phraseological units of english and russian
Authors: Gaibova Leysan Saifidinovna , Safina Rimma Abelkhaerovna , Knachukova Alina Faritovna
Published: December 2020

The article describes the results of research work on the evaluative properties of the component “right / правый” in the phraseological units of English and Russian. The lexico-semantic analysis has shown that in the composition of phraseological phrases, when interacting with other linguistic units, an intensification of  the evaluativity of the component “right / правый” can occur, as a result of which the expressive-evaluative properties of the whole utterance are intensified. The intensification of evaluative connotation of the component can be actualized by using the stylistic devices and lexical repetition. The somatism components are used most frequently as the linguistic units that are part of the lexical environment of the component “right / правый”.  The combination of the component “right / правый” with somatisms is of concern from the point of view of the formation of holistic concepts, collective visions that accumulate positive or negative evaluativity. The significance of the evaluative semantics of the component “right / правый” lies in the fact that when interacting with other components of a phraseological unit, it is filled with ideological content.
Crime detection – russian and foreign experience
Authors: Mazurenko Pavel Nikolaevich , Rahmatullin Ramil Rashitovich , Fayzrakhmanov Nail Failevich
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the issues of crime detection as one of the criteria for the effectiveness of the law enforcement agencies. Every year the number of undetected crimes remains at a consistently high level. This confirms the relevance of the problem under consideration and indicates the need for further developments in this direction. The authors managed to conclude that the full definition of the term “crime detection” is not presented in any legislative act, i.e. this scientific category has actually always been outside the legal field, which led to its arbitrary interpretation by individual scientists and practitioners. Also, the authors concluded that there is a close relationship between the concepts of "crime detection" and "countering detection", which was the basis of this article. The article was prepared considering foreign experience. In general, this approach allows using the effective means and methods in the fight against crime, as well as modern technologies in crime detection.
Legal facts in civil law
Authors: Shpagonov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Ivanishin Pavel Zenovievich , Rodionova Olga Mikhailovna , Kolodub Gregory Vyacheslavovich
Published: December 2020

The proposed article provides a comprehensive examination of such a scientific concept of civil law as a "legal fact”. The science of civil law has a quite stable idea about legal facts, their structure, and types. At the same time, it should be stipulated that some of the circumstances determined by law do not become independent legal acts but act as their integral part, such as, for example, voting by an authorized person in the framework of a decision by a collective body of a legal entity, an offer and an acceptance concluding a contract, etc. Similar considerations have already been expressed but remained unaccepted in science, as they do not correspond to the understanding of a legal fact as an integral circumstance that entails the emergence, change or termination of civil rights and obligations. Independent legal facts can entail legal consequences both in themselves and in conjunction with other circumstances, forming a legal structure. The law also mentions such events and actions that give rise to rights and obligations exclusively in conjunction with other circumstances.
Random walks and market efficiency tests: evidence on US, Chinese and European capital markets within the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Dias Rui , Teixeira Nuno , Machova Veronika , Pardal Pedro , Horak Jakub , Vochozka Marek
Published: December 2020

Research background: Covid-19 has affected the global economy and has had an inevitable impact on capital markets. In the week of February 24?28, 2020, stock markets crashed. The index FTSE 100 decreased 13%, while the indices DJIA and S&P 500 fell 11?12%, the biggest drop since the 2007?2008 financial and economic crisis. It is therefore of interest to test the random walk hypothesis in developed capital markets, European and also non-European, in order to understand the different predictabilities between them.
Purpose of the article: The aim is to analyze capital market efficiency, in its weak form, through the stock market indices of Belgium (index BEL 20), France (index CAC 40), Germany (index DAX 30), USA (index DOW JONES), Greece (index FTSE Athex 20), Spain (index IBEX 35), Ireland (index ISEQ), Portugal (index PSI 20) and China (index SSE) for the period from December 2019 to May 2020.
Methods: Panel unit root tests of Breitung (2000), Levin et al. (2002) and Hadri (2002) were used to assess the time series stationarity. The test of Clemente et al. (1998) is used to detect structural breaks. The tests for the random walk hypothesis follows the variance ratio methodology proposed by Lo and MacKinlay (1988).
Findings & Value added: In general, we found mixed confirmation about the EMH (efficient market hypothesis). Taking into account the conclusions of the rank variance test, the random walk hypothesis was rejected in the case of stock indices: Dow Jones, SSE and PSI 20, partially rejected in the case indices: BEL 20, CAC 40, FTSTE Athex 20 and DEX 30, but accepted for indices: IBEX 35 and ISEQ. The results also show that prices do not fully reflect the information available and that changes in prices are not independent and identically distributed. This situation has consequences for investors, since some returns can be expected, creating opportunities for arbitrage and for abnormal returns, contrary to the assumptions of random walk and information efficiency.
A new method for calculating mirror data asymmetry in international trade
Authors: Markowicz Iwona , Baran Paweł
Published: December 2020

Research background: Some statistics are of a bilateral nature. This is how foreign trade data is organized. They are recorded both in the supplier and recipient countries, hence they are called mirror data. The data recorded at both trading partner countries are not the same for different reasons. Such differences between data on the same groups of transactions are often referred to as the asymmetry of mirror data. The information about the value of the flows of goods are of great importance in economic analyses and therefore their quality is particularly important.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present a new measure of data asymmetry ? the aggregated quantity index with value-based weights.
Methods: The proposed measure combines the quantity and the value of turn-over in individual trade relations. Such a measure makes it possible to eliminate basic deficiencies in value-based measures, while considering the specificity of trade in individual countries. The proposed measure of data asymmetry was confronted with several measures present in the literature and previously used by the Authors. The numerical example uses Comext data on intra-Community trade in 2017 provided by Eurostat.
Findings & Value added: The proposed measure performs better than all the previously used data asymmetry indices. It is to some extent immune to exchange rate differences and inconsistencies resulting from the inclusion of transport and insurance costs in the value of goods. In addition, it gives lower weights to unimportant trade directions than other data asymmetry indices. Since the new index has proved to be better than the measures previously used, it is worth applying to those trade relations where the data are not de-rived from customs documents, but from declarations made by businesses, as in the case of intra-Community trade.
Study of legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Authors: Gavurova Beata , Belas Jaroslav , Bilan Yuriy , Horak Jakub
Published: December 2020

Research background: SMEs represent an integral part of the economy environment in a majority of the countries all over the world. They signify the most efficient, progressive, and important part of the advanced economies. The long-term effort of the EU countries, as well as other advanced economies is to create quality and stable conditions for their development in order to be able to respond to all the possible changes in the business environment that is being changed to more and more comprehensive in the recent time.
Purpose of the article: The objective of the contribution is to examine administrative and legislative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the quantification of the differences in perceiving legislative and administrative obstacles to business by entrepreneurs in both countries.
Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted within SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019. The research sample included 641 SMEs, 312 from the Czech Republic and 329 from Slovakia. We focused on 5 dimensions related to legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business within which selected statements were examined. Contingency tables were used to analyze the ratios of the examined variables.
Findings & Value added: The differences detected in both countries in the respondents´ perception and assessment are evidence of the changes in the business environment of both countries, giving rise to the questions about the extent to which the legislative and administrative obstacles, as well as the obstacles related to law enforcement and bureaucracy are acceptable and by which groups of entrepreneurs. The results of the research provide valuable findings for the creators of regional and national policies, and represent a valuable basis for the creation of the concepts focused on the SMEs´ development in both countries.  The results of the study also support the implementation of follow-up research in this area that will reveal other determinants affecting the development of SMEs. They also create a valuable platform for the construction of national and international benchmarking indicators in this area and the implementation of comparative analyses. This will also support the methodological area necessary for a creation of high-quality concepts and strategies.
On generic complexity of the subset sum problem in monoids and groups of integer matrix of order two
Authors: Rybalov Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: December 2020

Generic-case approach to algorithmic problems was suggested by A. Miasnikov, I. Kapovich, P. Schupp and V. Shpilrain in 2003. This approach studies behavior of an algo-rithm on typical (almost all) inputs and ignores the rest of inputs. In this paper, we prove that the subset sum problems for the monoid of integer positive unimodular matrices of the second order, the special linear group of the second order, and the modular group are generically solvable in polynomial time.
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation as a subject of constitutional responsibility
Authors: Bobrova Natalia A.
Published: December 2020

The subject of the article is justification of the main elements of the constitutional responsibility of the Russian Constitutional Court in the context of constitutional reform. The purpose of the article is confirmation or refutation of the hypothesis that the Constitutional Court must be subject to constitutional responsibility. The methodology. The author uses methods of complex analysis of legislation, synthesis, as well as formal-logical and formal-legal methods. The main results, scope of application. Russia as a democratic state excludes the existence of legally irresponsible subjects of state power. It concerns the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Legal irresponsibility characterizes only the absolute monarchy. The article comprehensively examines the problem of responsibility of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the reasons for the poor development of this institution in legislation and academic literature are also considered. The reasons for the Constitutional Court's dependence on the President of the Russian Federation as a "guarantor of the Constitution of the Russian Federation" have been systemized. The author considers duumvirate of guarantors of constitutional legitimacy as a nonsense. The reasons for the Constitutional Court's peculiar use of the law of the legislative initiative are considered. This initiative was used only in the direction of increasing the term of the powers of judges of the Constitutional Court from 65 up to 70 years. The life-long status of the President of the Court is seen as a violation of the principle of equality of judges, which is the most important guarantee of the independence of the Constitutional Court. Constitutional reform-2020 completed the process of dependence of the Constitutional Court on the President of the Russian Federation and the "second government" - the Administration of the Russian President. Some constitutional and legal torts of the Constitutional Court of the Russia are considered also. The author comes to the conclusion that judges of the constitutional court have a special responsibility - political, moral and historical. The main questions are need to be resolved: who has the right to state the torts of the constitutional court and what are the consequences of this statement?
Ensuring the protection of historical truth as a new principle of contemporary Russian constitutional law
Authors: Astafichev Pavel A.
Published: December 2020

The subject of the article is the content of the constitutional amendment of 2020 on the need to ensure the protection of historical truth. The purpose of the research is confirmation or confutation of the hypothesis that protection of historical truth should not be provided by measures of constitutional and legal regulation, since this would conflict with other constitutional principles. The methodology of research includes analysis of academic researches concerning the essence of historical truth, interpretation of Russian Constitution. The main results, scope of application. The author proves that "historical truth" in the constitutional and legal sense is the goal of an objectively and conscientiously minded researcher, guaranteed in a free democratic society by the constitutional right to freedom of thought, scientific creativity and expression. Goal-setting in cognition is a matter of mental activity that is difficult for the democratic control of the state and law. From a normative point of view the moral aspect exists here only (the search for historical truth is a virtue, its distortion is a vice). Constitutional democracy is based on the will and needs of today's generation of people. The past, of course, has a certain significance, but it cannot be considered decisive. An excessive preoccupation with traditions and the historical past is fraught with stagnation, stagnation or even degradation of the state mechanism. Constitutional regulation of historical truth leads to unnecessary sacralization of the history of the state, which is profoundly alien to the true legal essence of the constitutional system of a modern democratic society and the objectivity of historical and legal science. State-legal influence in this area is difficult and entails risks of legally binding ideology, which is prohibited by the first chapter of the "Fundamentals of the constitutional order" of the Constitution of the Russian Federation (part 2 of article 13) and the current acts of the Russian Constitutional Court. Conclusions. The legal obligation to "ensure the protection of historical truth" deserves a critical assessment, since it is difficult to combine with the constitutional rights to freedom of scientific creativity, freedom of thought and speech, the principle of ideological diversity and the democratic nature of the Russian state. The right of citizens to their own position on historical issues and search for their "historical truth" followed from the constitutional regulation before the constitutional amendments of 2020 and continues to operate today due to the immutability of chapters 1, 2 and 9 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Taxation of cross-border digital transactions: development of approaches to income classification
Authors: Milogolov Nikolay S. , Berberov Azamat B.
Published: December 2020

The subject. The developing approaches towards the classification of various types of income received as a result of electronic transactions for the purposes of domestic tax legislation and double tax treaties at the level of international tax governance and at the level of Russian tax legislation and practice. The aim of this paper is to test the hypothesis that the legal approach and criteria developed in the course of work of global tax governance institutions (OECD and UN) towards income classification from cross-border transactions in electronic form can be used as a basis for legal approach towards this issue in Russia. The authors use the methods of comparative legal analysis and logical-analytical method. In particular authors perform the detailed review of the related provisions of OECD and UN Model Tax Conventions, commentaries to them and global tax governance expert group’s position and contrast it against the Russian legal practice relating to the subject. The main results, scope of application. Uncertainty in the income classification may arise for almost any type of digital transactions, since income received can fall under at least three different categories. Incorrect legal classification may result in double taxation, non-taxation and distortion of neutrality. There is still ambiguity in the development of international consensus approach towards the issue. There are developing approaches to the characterization of income in the comments to the OECD and UN Model Tax Conventions, however, they can hardly be called fully elaborated due to the specific nature of the digital transactions. The similar situation can be observed in Russian tax legislation where the issue of digital transactions creates a lot of uncertainty. The analysis of domestic court practice indicates the absence of the national approach to the classification of income due to the small number of court cases. On this basis, an attempt was made to form a theoretical and methodological model of classification of digital payments for the purpose of applying the corporate income tax, based on the provisions of domestic law and recommendations of OECD and the UN. Conclusions. The authors find that despite of the presence of some guidance towards characterization of income from digital transactions at the level of OECD and UN a stable legal framework is strongly needed in the domestic tax law. The approach towards classification proposed in this article can be used as a reference point for further academic and practical discussion.
The freedom of speech and right of access to information in the
emerging system of international information security
Authors: Ivanova Ksenia A. , Myltykbaev Madi Zh.
Published: December 2020

The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the freedom of speech and access to information in the context of the emerging system of international information security. The purpose of the article is to try to predict the positive and negative consequences of changing international relations in the digital age, to determine the role of freedom of speech and access to information in the context of confrontation between Russia and the United States. The research presented in this article was carried out by combining different disciplinary approaches, including comparative law, comparative politics and international relations, political theory and sociology. Moreover, study includes methods of dialectical logic, analysis and synthesis, as well as formal legal analysis of international legal acts of the UN. The main results and scope of their application. The rights of freedom of speech and access to information is undoubtedly one of the main in the global digital communication context. Degree of implementation of human and citizen rights to freedom of expression and access to information are indicators of political processes, the pace of building a civil society and legal state in current country. These rights are the foundation of modern democracy. The authors carry out a systematic analysis of the categories “freedom of speech” and “the right to access information”, identify the features of implementation of these rights in cyberspace, analyze international practice of legal regulation of these rights and assess the place and role of these rights in the emerging system of international information security. A legal analysis of international legal acts shows that the positions of the United States and the Russian Federation in the field of international information security are gradually converging, and the convergence is going in the direction of the Russian position Conclusions. The limits on the exercise of freedom of speech and access to information do not correspond to the level of development of public relations, because there are no effective legal tools to prevent defamation in the mass media, which in turn can lead to conflict between countries. It is concluded that there is a need for active international cooperation and consistent unification of the legislation of various countries, taking into account that freedom of speech and access to information in cyberspace should have the same level of protection as in the physical world.
Problems of development of state control and supervision in the context of legislative reform
Authors: Masalab Anna F.
Published: December 2020

The subject. The system of state control and supervision in the Russian Federation was chosen as the subject of research. The relevance of the article is due to the need to find a balance between improving the level of law and security in various areas of business and reducing administrative pressure on business entities during control and supervisory activities. The purpose of the article is the goal is to substantiate the scientific hypothesis that the existing system of state control and supervision in Russia needs further improvement despite the performing legislative reform. The methodological basis for the study: general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, description) as well as legal interpretation of legislative acts and drafts. Results, scope of application. The correlation of the terms "control" and "supervision" is defined, the stages of development of these institutions are highlighted, and he directions for improving the control and supervision activities of the state are outlined. Analysis of the features of legislative regulation of state control and supervision allowed us to identify three stages of its formation. Currently, the third stage of the control and supervision reform is being implemented in Russia. Analysis of the new Federal law "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation" made it possible to note that this act has some obvious advantages in comparison to Law No. 294-FZ: the extension of the scope of the risk-based approach, clear regulation of all control activities, avoiding monopoly inspections as the main tool of control and supervision, use of preventive approach rather than punitive approach. Conclusions. It is concluded that the new Federal law "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation" provides for the development of a risk-based approach in the implementation of control and supervision activities, as well as a number of other innovations that can, if being properly implemented, reduce the administrative burden on economic entities, change the punitive direction of the control activities to a preventive one. At the same time, the problem of unification of the conceptual apparatus in this area remains unresolved.
Literasi informasi generasi x, y, dan z dalam penyusunan karya tulis ilmiah Universitas Diponegoro
Authors: Fitri Rizki Nursistian , Prasetyawan Yanuar Yoga
Published: December 2020

Diponegoro University (UNDIP)’s vision is “Diponegoro University Becoming a Superior Research University," which implies that every academician at UNDIP requires improving research through scientific papers. Scientific writing is a work that the author must account for morally or intellectually. Consequently, it needs to conduct observation, planning, directed search, finding information, using information, and evaluating information through information literacy. This study aimed to determine the information literacy generation x, y, and z in the preparation of scientific papers at UNDIP. The research used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection technique used deep interview and observation. The analysis showed that information literacy had an essential role for generation x, y, and z in the preparation of scientific papers. Information literacy activities are a form of one's accountability when dealing with information for the needs of scientific writing. The three generations conducted information literacy activities during the scientific paper preparation. This can be seen from the activities carried out, namely the identification of scientific information needs, scientific information retrieval, scientific information utilization, and scientific information communication. In the current era of technological development, generation x, y, and z, which have unique characteristics in the preparation of scientific papers. Hence, information literacy is used as a standard. Each generation have skill information literacy so must account scientific writing have been written.
Preferensi penggunaan sumber informasi oleh mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan tugas kuliah
Authors: Heriyanto Heriyanto
Published: December 2020

A wide range of information sources is available to students in various forms providing opportunities for students to utilize these information sources for study purposes. However, studies on the extent to which students know and use it to complete lecture assignments are still rare. This study aimed to identify undergraduate students' experience at one faculty in a university in Semarang when exploring various kinds of information resources to do their assignments. This qualitative study used interviews as the only technique in obtaining data. By employing purposive sampling method, eleven undergraduate students who met the specific criteria participated in this study. All the participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The data were then analyzed by using thematic analysis, to uncover the undergraduate students’ information sources preference and how they used them. The findings revealed students’ selections of information sources for conducting their information retrieval process. They also identified the complexity of student information retrieval activities that were heavily affected by external factors such as the type of assignment, and internal from the students themselves, for example, knowledge of available information sources and motivation to use them. The findings provided evidence to inform the development of library services and information literacy responses to enhance undergraduate students learning.
Konstruksi makna pegiat Kelompok Dongeng Bengkimut
Authors: Putri Nadia Dwi , Rizal Edwin , Kurniasih Nuning
Published: December 2020

Every activist’s introduce stories to children through storytelling. This study discusses the construction of meanings, motives, and experiences of ‘Kelompok Dongeng Bengkimut’ (Bengkimut Fairytale Group) activists. This research purpose was to discover the meaning, motives, and experiences of storytellers as activists. The research method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach, used were observation, interview, and literature study. Informants were seven active members in the ‘Kelompok Dongeng Bengkimut’, who had at least four years' experience in joining the group. Study results found that three meanings and two motives could be obtained from the ‘Kelompok Dongeng Bengkimut’ activists. The meaning possessed is a bearer of happiness, something pleasant, and a messenger. The 'Kelompok Dongeng Bengkimut' owned two motives, namely the motive of reason and purpose. The activist's first motive was a motive for a reason because (s)he was often told tales when (s)he was small, was also comfortable, and was not burdened. Whereas the motive for the purpose was to become an activist, bring up the culture of storytelling, challenge oneself, and introduce books to children. The activist's experience was storytelling in the Children's Ward at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, telling about his work, and storytelling to young and adult listeners. The constraints ever experienced were listeners who did not pay attention to fairy tales, storytelling in groups, and nervousness when storytelling. The conclusion the research that storytelling is meaningful for activist a bearer of happiness, something pleasant, and a messenger, the motive of reason and purpose.
Praktik signifikasi atas transformasi pelayanan referensi di Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia
Authors: Irawati Indira
Published: December 2020

The transformation of reference services in academic libraries in the era of information technology has a significant impact on librarians. Librarians need to address transformation properly to design the right services. The University of Indonesia (UI) library has undergone this transformation since a decade ago and continues to adapt to existing developments. Various service concepts were developed to suit users' demands, including by providing online-based services and utilizing social media to communicate with users. This study aimed to explore how reference librarians interpreted this transformation and what they should do. The research method used qualitative methods with the phenomenological method narrated descriptively. The research informants consisted of 13 librarians and seven reference librarians. Data analysis showed that librarians'significance for transforming reference services resulted in 4 important themes that were interpreted as influencing their work as reference librarians. The four themes were digital-based library services, expansion of access, policy, and promotion. This research concludes that users and librarians' practice of significance for the transformation of reference services results in the digital libraries' concept, which requires expansion of access, relevant policies, and social media optimization for service promotion. The practice of significance related to communication patterns with reference users in the digital era effectively uses email and chatting on the WhatsApp application.
Child Health Problems in Agricultural Setting
Authors: Sulistyorini Lantin , Juliningrum Peni Perdani , Rahmawati Ira , Afdi Eka
Published: December 2020

Besuki Residency well known at agricultural feld. Child and infant mortality in this area is high. Child healthproblems of agricultural-oriented at Besuki Residency no one has research yet. This research uses quantitativemethods that are retrospectives that include child health problems since 2017 until 2018. Quantitative methodis used to collect data on patient characteristics (gender, disease, nursing problems, and age criteria) and illnessto the children’s disease based on agricultural that arise due to activities or agricultural climate. The sampleincluded 807 children at seven hospital scattered in several residency areas using quota sampling technic. Dataanalysis uses confrmatory factor analyze (CFA), with parameter data estimation uses analysis of momentstructures. The result of p-values for health problems to gender = 0.033 (p<0.05), health problems to disease= 0.008 (p<0.05), health problems to nursing problems = 0.000 (p<0.05), health problems to age criteria =0.000 (p<0.05). Fit model value indicates that the model is perfect ft. Child health problems, especially such aspneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria in the agricultural area with an agricultural perspective in the Besuki Residencycan aﬀect gender, disease, nursing problems, and age criteria. So that these health problems require specifchealth interventions or programs according to the characteristics of gender, disease, nursing problems, and agecriteria. The nurse should have a mapping of nursing problems and special agriculture-oriented interventions.
PERSEPSI DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP KELEKATAN IBU DAN JANIN
Authors: Sjariati Nida Tsaura , Primana Linda
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan metode korelasional. Fenomena Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) yang tinggi di Indonesia, khususnya di Purwakarta, menjadi dasar dilakukannya penelitian dimana adanya kelekatan ibu dan janin merupakan salah satu variabel yang dapat mencegah angka kematian ibu hamil. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dukungan keluarga (perceived family support) terhadap kelekatan ibu dan janin. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Purwakarta dengan mengadaptasi alat ukur Maternal Fetal Attachment dan Perceived Social Support from Family yang kemudian diberikan pada 120 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik regresi linear dengan program SPSS versi 16.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat terdapat korelasi yang signifikan pada persepsi dukungan keluarga terhadap kelekatan ibu dan janin (p<0,01) dengan kontribusi sebesar 9 persen. Selain itu, terdapat pula temuan tambahan dari analisis statistik lintas tabulasi data demografi responden terhadap kelekatan ibu dan janin yaitu terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan terhadap kelekatan ibu dan janin. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa persepsi dukungan keluarga berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kelekatan ibu dan janin, serta pengaruh variabel pendidikan terhadap kelekatan ibu-jann perlu dikaji lebih lanjut.
Los microorganismos que habitan los bañados de desborde fluvial como indicadores de los efectos de la urbanización y la actividad agropecuaria
Authors: Alvarez María Fernanda , Benítez Hernán Hugo , Garcia de Souza Javier Ricardo , Bauer Delia Elena , Tarda Santiago , Nicolosi Gelis María Mercedes , Díaz Analía , Nazareno Saparrat Mario Carlos , Gómez Nora
Published: December 2020

Los bañados de desborde fluvial (BDF) desempeñan un papel integral en la ecología de las cuencas fluviales y en su capacidad de autodepuración. La demanda antrópica de espacio y agua pone en riesgo su biota y los beneficios ecosistémicos que brindan. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron analizar los ensambles de microorganismos que habitan en BDF, relacionar sus variaciones al impacto antrópico y evaluar cómo la microbiota puede ser indicadora de estos cambios ambientales. Se estudiaron los ensambles de diatomeas bentónicas, fitoplancton, zooplancton, ostrácodos y hongos de cuatro BDF: dos de ubicación periurbana con uso del suelo agrícola y hortícola (Del Gato y Carnaval), y dos de ubicación rural y uso ganadero (Cajaravillas y Chubichaminí). En la mayoría de los grupos las diferencias vinculadas a la ubicación geográfica se expresaron claramente, resultando en una agrupación de ensambles en: BDF rurales (con un número de especies sensibles a la contaminación y a la eutrofización comparativamente mayor) y BDF periurbanos (donde fueron más importantes las especies muy tolerantes a la contaminación y a la eutrofización). En estos últimos, tanto la participación de los grandes grupos taxonómicos como los niveles tróficos estuvieron más restringidos y relacionados a la vía detritívora por sobre la fotosintética, y allí también se acentuaron las estrategias para afrontar el estrés hídrico. Los resultados evidencian los efectos de la presión humana, la importancia que adquieren los microorganismos y la necesidad de una planificación adecuada del uso del territorio para evitar la pérdida de funciones y beneficios en estos ambientes.
Caracterización de la avifauna e ictiofauna asociada a los bañados de desborde fluvial de cuatro arroyos pampeanos con uso de suelo contrastante (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Paredes del Puerto Juan Martin , García Ignacio Daniel , Jensen Roberto Francisco , Maiztegui Tomás , Paracampo Ariel Hernán , Garcia de Souza Javier Ricardo , Maroñas Miriam Edith , Colautti Darío César
Published: December 2020

Las actividades humanas en los sistemas naturales promueven cambios que ponen en peligro a las comunidades acuáticas por pérdida de nichos ecológicos generando disminución de la riqueza y diversidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los ensambles de aves y peces asociados a cuatro bañados de arroyos pampeanos con usos del suelo periurbano y rural en sus cuencas. Los resultados evidenciaron que existen importantes diferencias en la composición y estructura de dichos ensambles según la cuenca de pertenencia. Los valores más bajos de riqueza y de diversidad se registraron en los sitios periurbanos, donde además se observó la dominancia de las especies más tolerantes de ambos grupos de vertebrados. El estudio en simultáneo de estos ambientes nos permitió registrar de qué manera, en una misma región, los cambios inducidos por el hombre condicionan la configuración de los ensambles de aves y peces. En consecuencia, el análisis multi-taxa realizado no solo resulta de carácter diagnóstico, sino que también puede utilizarse como herramienta para el monitoreo, diseño e implementación de medidas de remediación.
Vínculos, complejidad y desempeño innovador en Argentina
Authors: Pasciaroni Carolina , Andrea Barbero
Published: December 2020

La innovación es reconocida como un proceso interactivo de generación, difusión y aplicación de conocimiento. El trabajo propuesto explora el impacto de los vínculos por distintos objetivos (I+D, diseño e ingeniería industrial, capacitación, entre otros) sobre el desempeño innovador de firmas industriales en Argentina. Los vínculos son agrupados según su grado de complejidad. Se identifican diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el desempeño innovador a favor de las empresas que participan tanto de vínculos de mayor como de menor complejidad. Sin embargo, estas diferencias se explican principalmente por las características propias de las firmas, no así por el impacto diferencial de los vínculos.
Don't Put All Your Eggs in Foreign Baskets
Authors: Camara Santiago
Published: December 2020

I analyze the sluggish response of exports during and after financial crises using firm level data for two countries-episodes: Argentina 2001 and Peru 1998 crises. I find that both incumbent exporting firms do not expand and that there’s no significant entry of new exporting firms. Furthermore, I present evidence that suggests that the export elasticity to the real exchange rate is asymmetric, smaller for depreciations than for appreciations. I build and estimate a DSGE model for a small open economy where exporting entrepreneurs are subject to financial frictions and balance sheet effects in order to try and explain these stylized facts. Although these frictions decrease the response of exports to movements in the exchange rate, I use computational exercises to show that they are not enough to explain the empirical results.
Estrategias empresariales en el territorio: el caso del mueble Valenciano
Authors: Jabbaz Churba Marcela Isabel
Published: December 2020

El territorio y las aglomeraciones de empresas son factores que cada vez suscitan mayor interés en las teorías de la organización. En el estudio que aquí se presenta se aborda el análisis de un conglomerado específico: el del mueble valenciano, su expansión a lo largo del siglo XX y su declive tras las crisis de la globalización y del consumo. Se evidencian las conexiones y complementariedades entre empresas y cómo la cooperación puede ser más importante que la rivalidad en un mercado competitivo. Los factores de contingencia y las crisis tienen una incidencia diferencial en las empresas según el segmento en que se encuentren, pero también, en función de las estrategias que adopten. Por ello, se trata de analizar las vulnerabilidades y potencialidades, ya no de una empresa aislada, sino de todo un sistema productivo local interconectado.
Covid-19 Salgınının Yayılmasını Önleyici Hijyen Uygulamaları
Authors: ÖZÇAKMAK Sibel , VAR Işıl
Published: December 2020

Tüm dünya ve ülkemizi de etkisi altına alan pandemi sürecinde güvenilir gıda arzı ve faaliyetleri ilk akla gelen süreçlerden biridir. Bu sancılı dönemde gıdaların ambalajlama, depolama, taşıma aşamalarında ürünlerin temas ve hijyen kurallarına uygun olarak tüketicilere sunulması beklenmektedir. Covid-19 salgınından korunmak ve yayılmasını engellemek için rutin hijyen uygulamaları yanında 1593 Sayılı Umumi Hıfzıssıhha Kanunun 23. maddesine istinaden belirlenen ilave tedbirler konulmuştur. Şimdiye dek Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından Covid-19 tedbirlerine ilişkin toplam 13 rehber yayınlamış olup, işyerlerinde alınması gereken önlemler internet sitesi üzerinden açıklanmıştır. Yapılan resmi denetim ve kontrollerde salgınla mücadelede devletin öngördüğü kurallara aykırılığın tespiti halinde suçun niteliğine göre idari yaptırımlar uygulanmaktadır. Eylül ayı itibari ile vaka sayılarının beklenen düzeyde olmayışı ne yazık ki yasal zorunlulukların uyulmasında problemler yaşandığını veya yetersiz kalındığını göstermektedir. Diğer yandan Salgın Tedbir Planlarının hazırlanması ve uygulanması konularında, işletme yetkililerinin güncel bilgilere erişimi ve uygulama konusunda güçlük yaşadığı da görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile 5996 sayılı Veteriner Hizmetleri, Bitki Sağlığı, Gıda ve Yem kanunun gerektirdiği hijyen uygulamaları yanında Covid-19 ile mücadele kapsamında alınması gereken ek tedbirler birleştirilerek salgın yönetiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar ortaya konmuştur.
Respon Plantlet In Vitro dan Induksi Ketahanan Bibit Phalaenopsis amabilis terhadap Dickeya dadantii Menggunakan Asam Salisilat
Authors: Uchti Nuzul Qhinanti Lubis  , Sukma Dewi , Sudarsono
Published: December 2020

Phalaenopsis merupakan salah satu anggrek yang terkenal karena keindahan bunganya dengan variasi warna yang tinggi dan periode pembungaan yang lama. Salah satu masalah dalam budidaya anggrek adalah Penyakit Busuk Lunak (PBL) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Dickeya dadantii. Induksi resistensi dengan Asam Salisilat (AS) merupakan metode alternatif dalam mengendalikan PBL pada Phalaenopsis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2018 sampai Maret 2019, di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB. Penelitian terdiri dari dua percobaan. Percobaan 1 bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman respon planlet in vitro asal biji hasil penyerbukan sendiri P. amabilis terhadap D. dadanti dengan inokulasi pada daun terpisah dan menentukan tingkat ketahanannya. Sebanyak 7 dari 158 planlet yang diuji, memiliki respon agak tahan terhadap D. dadantii, sedangkan sisanya rentan atau sangat rentan. Percobaan 2 bertujuan untuk membandingkan respon bibit P. amabilis terhadap D. dadantii pada 1 hari setelah perlakuan asam salisilat (AS) pada konsentrasi 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, dan 90 ppm menggunakan metode inokulasi daun pada bibit yang masih menempel di tanaman. Percobaan 2 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan AS 75 ppm paling baik dalam menginduksi ketahanan bibit P. amabilis terhadap patogen penyebab busuk lunak D. dadantii. Tanaman pada perlakuan tersebut menghasilkan nilai CFU dan AUPDC lebih rendah dan aktivitas peroksidase lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya.

Kata kunci: daun terpisah, daun pada tanaman, keparahan penyakit, metode inokulasi, penyakit busuk lunak