bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Survey of the Sponge Community of a Semi-Submerged Marine Cave along the Adriatic Apulian Coast
Authors: Schiavo Antonella , Oddenino Muriel , Giménez Guadalupe , Longo Caterina
Published: April 2024

Mediterranean marine caves have been categorized as both biodiversity reservoirs and vulnerable habitats. However, only a few studies have focused on Porifera assemblages within marine caves along the Adriatic Apulian coast (southern Italy). In this study, the sponge fauna of the Rondinella cave, a semi-submerged marine cave along the coast of Bari (Southern Adriatic Sea), was investigated for the first time. The use of advanced image analysis in combination with targeted sampling has made it possible to determine the spatial distribution and diversity of Porifera along a transect from the entrance to the end of the cave. Data analysis clustered the stations into two groups, separated according to the distance from the entrance and corresponding to the cave entrance and the semi-dark zone. Sponges were found at all stations covering a considerable part of the substrate, with the highest cover values occurring in the semi-dark zone. A total of 54 sponge taxa were identified: 49 Demospongiae, 3 Homoscleromorpha, and 2 Calcarea. Six species are new records for the Apulian marine caves, one species represents a new record for marine caves, and two species are new findings for the southern Adriatic Sea.
Genomics Analysis Reveals the Potential Biocontrol Mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa QY43 against Fusarium pseudograminearum
Authors: Meng Jiaxing , Zan Feifei , Liu Zheran , Zhang Yuan , Qin Cancan , Hao Lingjun , Wang Zhifang , Wang Limin , Liu Dongmei , Liang Shen , Li Honglian , Li Haiyang , Ding Shengli
Published: April 2024

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) in wheat is a prevalent soil-borne disease worldwide and poses a significant threat to the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in China, with F. pseudograminearum being the dominant pathogen. Currently, there is a shortage of biocontrol resources to control FCR induced by F. pseudograminearum, along with biocontrol mechanisms. In this study, we have identified 37 strains of biocontrol bacteria displaying antagonistic effects against F. pseudograminearum from over 8000 single colonies isolated from soil samples with a high incidence of FCR. Among them, QY43 exhibited remarkable efficacy in controlling FCR. Further analysis identified the isolate QY43 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, based on its colony morphology and molecular biology. In vitro, QY43 significantly inhibited the growth, conidial germination, and the pathogenicity of F. pseudograminearum. In addition, QY43 exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities against several plant pathogens. The genomics analysis revealed that there are genes encoding potential biocontrol factors in the genome of QY43. The experimental results confirmed that QY43 secretes biocontrol factor siderophores and pyocyanin. In summary, QY43 exhibits a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities and the capacity to produce diverse biocontrol factors, thereby showing substantial potential for biocontrol applications to plant disease.
Variation Analysis in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Cases
Authors: Erdogdu Ibrahim Halil , Orenay-Boyacioglu Seda , Boyacioglu Olcay , Gurel Duygu , Akdeniz Nurten , Meteoglu Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Menopausal status affects the prognoses and consequences of breast cancer. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to reveal the molecular variation profile differences in breast cancer patients according to their menopausal status, with the hypothesis that the molecular variation profiles will be different at premenopausal and postmenopausal ages. Breast cancer patients (n = 254) who underwent molecular subtyping and QIAseq Human Breast Cancer NGS Panel screening between 2018 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Their menopausal status was defined by age, and those aged 50 years and above were considered postmenopausal. Of the subjects, 58.66% (n = 149) were premenopausal and 41.34% (n = 105) were postmenopausal. The mean age at the time of diagnosis for all patients was 49.31 ± 11.19 years, with respective values of 42.11 ± 5.51 and 59.54 ± 9.01 years for the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups, respectively (p = 0.000). Among premenopausal patients, the percentages of patients in BCa subtypes (luminal A, luminal B-HER2(−), luminal B-HER2(+), HER2 positive, and triple-negative) were determined to be 34.90%, 8.05%, 26.17%, 10.74%, and 20.13%, respectively, while in the postmenopausal group, these values were 39.05%, 16.19%, 24.76%, 6.67%, and 13.33%, respectively (p > 0.05). Considering menopausal status, the distribution of hormone receptors in premenopausal patients was ER(+)/PgR(+) 63.76%, ER(−)/PgR(−) 23.49%, ER(+)/PgR(−) 10.74%, and ER(−)/PgR(+) 2.01%, respectively, while in postmenopausal women, this distribution was observed to be 74.29%, 23.81%, 1.90% and 0.00% in the same order (p = 0.008). The most frequently mutated gene was TP53 in 130 patients (51.18%), followed by PIK3CA in 85 patients (33.46%), BRCA2 and NF1 in 56 patients (22.05%), PTEN in 54 patients (21.26%), and ATR and CHEK2 in 53 patients (20.87%). TP53, PIK3CA, NF1, BRCA2, PTEN, and CHEK2 mutations were more frequently observed in premenopausal patients, while TP53, PIK3CA, BRCA2, BRCA1, and ATR mutations in postmenopausal patients. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying causes of breast cancer with respect to menopausal status. This study is the first from Turkey that reflects the molecular subtyping and somatic mutation profiles of breast cancer patients according to menopausal status.
Autoimmunity in Syndromes of Orthostatic Intolerance: An Updated Review
Authors: Pena Clarissa , Moustafa Abdelmoniem , Mohamed Abdel-Rhman , Grubb Blair
Published: April 2024

Orthostatic intolerance is a broad term that represents a spectrum of dysautonomic disorders, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and orthostatic hypotension (OH), as manifestations of severe autonomic failure. While the etiology of orthostatic intolerance has not yet fully been uncovered, it has been associated with multiple underlying pathological processes, including peripheral neuropathy, altered renin–aldosterone levels, hypovolemia, and autoimmune processes. Studies have implicated adrenergic, cholinergic, and angiotensin II type I autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of orthostatic intolerance. Several case series have demonstrated that immunomodulation therapy resulted in favorable outcomes, improving autonomic symptoms in POTS and OH. In this review, we highlight the contemporary literature detailing the association of autoimmunity with POTS and OH.
Do ESG Factors Prove Significant Predictors of Systematic and Downside Risks in the Russian Market after Controlling for Stock Liquidity?
Authors: Teplova Tamara , Sokolova Tatiana , Gurov Sergei
Published: April 2024

This paper reveals the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores on systematic and downside risks in the Russian stock market. We analyze the influence of a broad set of ESG factors controlling for stock liquidity, financial indicators of companies, and macroeconomic indicators. The period under consideration is from 2013 to 2021. The methodology of our research is based on regression analysis with multiplicative variables to reveal the changes induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. We obtain several novel results. Social responsibility is one of the most significant non-fundamental factors influencing both systematic and downside risks. The most important environment-related component is the measure of a company’s propensity to environmental innovations. Some dimensions of stock liquidity are also significant. For some factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and debt burden, we find an unexpected direction of influence on liquidity.
Modeling Funding for Industrial Projects Using Machine Learning: Evidence from Morocco
Authors: Laaouina Soukaina , Benali Mimoun
Published: April 2024

Moroccan manufacturing companies investing in the metallurgical, mechanical, and electromechanical industries sector are among the contributors to the growth of the national economy. The projects they are awarded do not have the same specific features as those of operating activities within other companies. They share several common features, making them particularly complex to fund. In such circumstances, supervised machine learning seems to be a suitable instrument to help such enterprises in their funding decisions, especially given that linear regression methods are inadequate for predicting human decision making as human thinking is a complicated system and not linear. Based on 5198 industrial projects of 53 firms operating in the said sector, four machine learning models are used to predict the funding method for some industrial projects, including are decision tree, random forest, gradient boosting, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN). Among the four machine learning methods, the gradient boosting method appears to be most effective overall, with an accuracy of 99%.
Role of Algorithm Awareness in Privacy Decision-Making Process: A Dual Calculus Lens
Authors: Tian Sujun , Zhang Bin , He Hongyang
Published: April 2024

In the context of AI, as algorithms rapidly penetrate e-commerce platforms, it is timely to investigate the role of algorithm awareness (AA) in privacy decisions because it can shape consumers’ information-disclosure behaviors. Focusing on the role of AA in the privacy decision-making process, this study investigated consumers’ personal information disclosures when using an e-commerce platform with personalized algorithms. By integrating the dual calculus model and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), we constructed a privacy decision-making model for consumers. Sample data from 581 online-shopping consumers were collected by a questionnaire survey, and SmartPLS 4.0 software was used to conduct a structural equation path analysis and a mediating effects test on the sample data. The findings suggest that AA is a potential antecedent to the privacy decision-making process through which consumers seek to evaluate privacy risks and make self-disclosure decisions. The privacy decision process goes through two interrelated trade-offs—that threat appraisals and coping appraisals weigh each other to determine the (net) perceived risk and, then, the (net) perceived risk and the perceived benefit weigh each other to decide privacy attitudes. By applying the TPB to the model, the findings further show that privacy attitudes and subjective norms jointly affect information-disclosure intention whereas perceived behavioral control has no significant impact on information-disclosure intention. The results of this study give actionable insights into how to utilize the privacy decision-making process to promote algorithm adoption and decisions regarding information disclosure, serving as a point of reference for the development of a human-centered algorithm based on AA in reference to FEAT.
Evolution Process of Urban Industrial Land Redevelopment in China: A Perspective of Original Land Users
Authors: He Fang , Yi Yuan , Si Yuxuan
Published: April 2024

The crucial role of urban industrial land redevelopment in sustainable urban renewal has garnered widespread attention. While some scholars have explored the interest game among stakeholders in industrial land redevelopment, they primarily focus on the government-led model. Moreover, there remains a research gap concerning the impact of government intervention on the redevelopment of industrial land. This article utilizes evolutionary game theory to investigate the interest game between local governments and original land users in the model of urban industrial land redevelopment dominated by original land users. We establish evolutionary game models considering incentives and the combination of incentives and regulations, explore the interest balance strategy, and examine the impact of positive incentives and mandatory regulations on industrial land redevelopment. Furthermore, we employ a numerical simulation to unveil the impact of initial strategies and parameter adjustments on game strategy. The research results are as follows: (1) Under the original land user-led redevelopment model, only two evolutionary stability strategies exist: either the original land users implement industrial land redevelopment with positive responses from local governments, or neither party advances the process. (2) Government intervention is pivotal in facilitating the redevelopment of inefficient industrial land as economic subsidies and punitive measures motivate more participants to adopt proactive strategies. (3) The increase in government support positively correlates with the likelihood of industrial land redevelopment implementation by original land users. (4) The interests and costs of original land users emerge as crucial parameters influencing strategic decisions. This study enriches the understanding of the interests of core participants in industrial land redevelopment and provides valuable insights for sustainable urban renewal.
Measuring Deprivation and Micro-Segregation in Greek Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategies: Time to Apply a Common Method?
Authors: Karadimitriou Nikos , Spyrellis Stavros
Published: April 2024

During the Programming Period 2014–2020, dozens of Greek cities drafted Integrated Territorial Investment programmes, based on Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategies (ITI SUDs). The Strategies justified the selection of intervention and activity areas using socio-economic analysis. The parameters of that analysis, as specified by the National Coordination Authority, reflected the socio-economic and functional parameters highlighted in the relevant EU regulations. This paper uses a recently published methodology in order to estimate and map deprivation in Greek cities with over 100,000 inhabitants, and compares the results with the activity areas identified in the ITI SUDs of those cities. The paper also makes an estimation of the potential for micro-segregation in deprived areas, in an effort to uncover the links between deprivation, built form and social composition at the micro-scale. The analysis shows that deprivation is comparatively more pronounced in Athens and Thessaloniki, and that the use of a common methodology to measuring deprivation, but with customized measurement scales, could support a more targeted allocation of urban policy resources. On the other hand, micro-segregation seems to be a factor worth exploring only in Athens and Thessaloniki, and not in Patra, Larissa, Volos and Heraklion, where the building stock in areas of deprivation is mostly low-rise.
Gestural Alignment in Spoken Simultaneous Interpreting: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Olza Inés
Published: April 2024

Cognitive and behavioral alignment plays a major role in simultaneous interpreting, the interpreter centrally monitoring and accommodating his/her behavior to that of the speaker-source. In parallel, the place of gesture in the interpreters’ practice, as well as its degree of convergence with respect to the gestures of the speaker-source, has been scarcely analyzed until very recently. The multimodal data for this study were collected under (quasi-)experimental conditions in a real court interpreting setting during spoken training exercises performed by two novice interpreters. In this exploratory study, the gestural performance of the interpreters, including their degree of gestural alignment towards the speaker-source, is analyzed and compared using a mixed-methods approach to a randomized sample of the recorded data. The analysis combines a basic descriptive quantification of body movements and a qualitative and comparative analysis of the gesture types performed by the speaker-source and the interpreters. The results show that, in spite of individual differences in interpreting fluency and gestural styles, both interpreters tend to align with the speaker-source’s gestural behavior in several ways, and thus a basic taxonomy of gestural convergence between the speaker-source and the interpreters is defined according to several criteria (mainly, gesture presence and gesture type). Our conclusions also allow us to formulate new research questions and hypotheses to be tested in future studies (e.g., types of gestures by the speaker-source that prompt a higher degree of alignment).
Botulinum Toxin in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis, from Tendon to Muscle Approach—A Review
Authors: Poenaru Daniela , Sandulescu Miruna Ioana , Potcovaru Claudia-Gabriela , Cinteza Delia
Published: April 2024

Background: Chronic lateral epicondylitis challenges the therapeutical approach; underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood; neuropathic pain and central and peripheral sensitization may explain the fact that botulinum toxin has been found to play a role in pain and function management. Methods: We searched the literature for MeSH terms: lateral epicondylitis or synonyms and botulinum toxin. Results: We found 14 papers containing trials on botulinum toxin injection into the tendon or into the extensor muscles (specifically, extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor communis digitorum). We followed the administration pathways, doses, timing, and side effects. Conclusions: With a chronic course, the focus of the therapy shifts from the afflicted tendon to the inserting muscles, as muscle contracture may create a vicious loop to perpetuate and aggravate the disease. Doses, timing, and side effects are discussed.
Optimal Dietary Intake of Riboflavin Associated with Lower Risk of Cervical Cancer in Korea: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2021
Authors: Lee Seon-Mi , Seol Aeran , Cho Hyun-Woong , Min Kyung-Jin , Lee Sanghoon , Hong Jin-Hwa , Song Jae-Yun , Lee Jae-Kwan , Lee Nak-Woo
Published: April 2024

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of vitamin B complex (thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin) and cervical cancer in Korea. Methods: The data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2010 to 2021 were analyzed, which included 28,306 participants who were categorized into non-cervical cancer and cervical cancer groups. The following dietary intake threshold levels of thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin were identified based on the recommended daily allowances (RDAs): thiamine, 1.1 mg/day; riboflavin, 1.2 mg/day; and niacin, 14 mg/day. Results: Among 28,306 participants, 27,976 were in the non-cervical cancer group and 330 were in the cervical cancer group. Riboflavin intakes of more than 1.2 mg/day but less than 2.4 mg/day were associated with a significantly reduced risk of cervical cancer, whereas intakes of above 2.4 mg/day were not associated with cervical cancer. Thiamine and niacin intakes were not significantly related to the risk of cervical cancer. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that an intake of riboflavin of 1.2–2.4 mg/day may contribute to a lower risk of cervical cancer.
DNA Methylation Machinery in Gastropod Mollusks
Authors: Haidar Laura , Georgescu Marius , Drăghici George Andrei , Bănățean-Dunea Ioan , Nica Dragoș Vasile , Șerb Alina-Florina
Published: April 2024

The role of DNA methylation in mollusks is just beginning to be understood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on this potent molecular hallmark of epigenetic control in gastropods—the largest class of mollusks and ubiquitous inhabitants of diverse habitats. Their DNA methylation machinery shows a high degree of conservation in CG maintenance methylation mechanisms, driven mainly by DNMT1 homologues, and the presence of MBD2 and MBD2/3 proteins as DNA methylation readers. The mosaic-like DNA methylation landscape occurs mainly in a CG context and is primarily confined to gene bodies and housekeeping genes. DNA methylation emerges as a critical regulator of reproduction, development, and adaptation, with tissue-specific patterns being observed in gonadal structures. Its dynamics also serve as an important regulatory mechanism underlying learning and memory processes. DNA methylation can be affected by various environmental stimuli, including as pathogens and abiotic stresses, potentially impacting phenotypic variation and population diversity. Overall, the features of DNA methylation in gastropods are complex, being an essential part of their epigenome. However, comprehensive studies integrating developmental stages, tissues, and environmental conditions, functional annotation of methylated regions, and integrated genomic-epigenomic analyses are lacking. Addressing these knowledge gaps will advance our understanding of gastropod biology, ecology, and evolution.
Research on Dynamic Characteristic Coefficients of Integral Squeeze Film Damper
Authors: Yan Wei , Lu Jinlong , Pan Jiabao , Liu Jinduo , Fuyang Chengming , Ye Dongdong
Published: April 2024

Integral squeeze film damper (ISFD) is a new type of structure that appeared on the basis of traditional squeeze film damper (SFD). Since the oil film in ISFD is a segmented structure without annular flow, the nonlinearity of the oil film force has been improved to a great extent. The dynamic characteristic coefficients of ISFD have a close relationship with its damping performance. This work investigates and studies the dynamic characteristic parameters of ISFD by means of numerical analysis and experimental validation techniques in order to examine the dynamic features and unveil the damping mechanism. The ISFD solid and fluid analysis models are created, and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and mechanical performance analyses are completed. The force acting on the ISFD’s S-type elastomer under excitation conditions is revealed in the mechanical property analysis, and the flow characteristics of the internal oil film are investigated in the CFD analysis. It is discovered that the ISFD has good linear damping and stiffness characteristics, and numerical analytical values for the ISFD’s damping and stiffness coefficients are obtained. By constructing a bi-directional excitation test rig, the experimental values of the ISFD stiffness coefficient and damping coefficient are determined. These values are in close agreement with the results of the numerical analysis, confirming the accuracy of the ISFD’s numerical analysis conclusions.
Anti-Offset Multicoil Underwater Wireless Power Transfer Based on a BP Neural Network
Authors: Fu You , Tang Haodong , Luo Jianan , Peng Zhouhua
Published: April 2024

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are now widely used in both civilian and military applications; however, wireless charging underwater often faces difficulties such as disturbances from ocean currents and errors in device positioning, making proper alignment of the charging devices challenging. Misalignment between the primary and secondary coils can significantly impact the efficiency and power of the wireless charging system energy transfer. To address the issue of misalignment in wireless charging systems, this paper proposes a multiple transfer coil wireless power transfer (MTCWPT) system based on backpropagation (BP) neural network control combined with nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) to enhance further the system robustness and efficiency. To achieve WPT in the ocean, a coil shielding case structure was equipped. In displacement experiments, the proposed multi-transmitting coil system could achieve stable power transfer of 40 W and efficiency of over 78.5% within a displacement range of 8 cm. The system robustness was also validated. This paper presents a new AUV energy supply solution based on MTCWPT. The proposed MTCWPT system can significantly improve the navigation performance of AUVs.
Validation Challenges in Data for Different Diesel Engine Performance Regimes Utilising HVO Fuel: A Study on the Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Emissions Prediction
Authors: Matijošius Jonas , Rimkus Alfredas , Gruodis Alytis
Published: April 2024

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) provide supervised learning via input pattern assessment and effective resource management, thereby improving energy efficiency and predicting environmental fluctuations. The advanced technique of ANNs forecasts diesel engine emissions by collecting measurements during trial sessions. This study included experimental sessions to establish technical and ecological indicators for a diesel engine across several operational scenarios. VALLUM01, a novel tool, has been created with a user-friendly interface for data input/output, intended for the purposes of testing and prediction. There was a comprehensive collection of 12 input parameters and 10 output parameters that were identified as relevant and sufficient for the objectives of training, validation, and prediction. The proper value ranges for transforming into fuzzy sets for input/output to an ANN were found. Given that the ANN’s training session comprises 1,000,000 epochs and 1000 perceptrons within a single-hidden layer, its effectiveness can be considered high. Many statistical distributions, including Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall, validate the prediction accuracy. The accuracy ranges from 96% on average, and in some instances, it may go up to 99%.
Comparison of MOEAs in an Optimization-Decision Methodology for a Joint Order Batching and Picking System
Authors: Miguel Fabio Maximiliano , Frutos Mariano , Méndez Máximo , Tohmé Fernando , González Begoña
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the performance of a two-stage multi-criteria decision-making procedure for order scheduling problems. These problems are represented by a novel nonlinear mixed integer program. Hybridizations of three Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) based on dominance relations are studied and compared to solve small, medium, and large instances of the joint order batching and picking problem in storage systems with multiple blocks of two and three dimensions. The performance of these methods is compared using a set of well-known metrics and running an extensive battery of simulations based on a methodology widely used in the literature. The main contributions of this paper are (1) the hybridization of MOEAs to deal efficiently with the combination of orders in one or several picking tours, scheduling them for each picker, and (2) a multi-criteria approach to scheduling multiple picking teams for each wave of orders. Based on the experimental results obtained, it can be stated that, in environments with a large number of different items and orders with high variability in volume, the proposed approach can significantly reduce operating costs while allowing the decision-maker to anticipate the positioning of orders in the dispatch area.
A Probabilistic Structural Damage Identification Method with a Generic Non-Convex Penalty
Authors: Li Rongpeng , Yi Wen , Wang Fengdan , Xiao Yuzhu , Deng Qingtian , Li Xinbo , Song Xueli
Published: April 2024

Due to the advantage that the non-convex penalty accurately characterizes the sparsity of structural damage, various models based on non-convex penalties have been effectively utilized to the field of structural damage identification. However, these models generally ignore the influence of the uncertainty on the damage identification, which inevitably reduces the accuracy of damage identification. To improve the damage identification accuracy, a probabilistic structural damage identification method with a generic non-convex penalty is proposed, where the uncertainty corresponding to each mode is quantified using the separate Gaussian distribution. The proposed model is estimated via the iteratively reweighted least squares optimization algorithm according to the maximum likelihood principle. The numerical and experimental results illustrate that the proposed method improves the damage identification accuracy by 3.98% and 7.25% compared to the original model, respectively.
Functional Solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: van den Berg Imme
Published: April 2024

We present an integration condition ensuring that a stochastic differential equation dXt=μ(t,Xt)dt+σ(t,Xt)dBt, where μ and σ are sufficiently regular, has a solution of the form Xt=Z(t,Bt). By generalizing the integration condition we obtain a class of stochastic differential equations that again have a functional solution, now of the form Xt=Z(t,Yt), with Yt an Ito process. These integration conditions, which seem to be new, provide an a priori test for the existence of functional solutions. Then path-independence holds for the trajectories of the process. By Green’s Theorem, it holds also when integrating along any piece-wise differentiable path in the plane. To determine Z at any point (t,x), we may start at the initial condition and follow a path that is first horizontal and then vertical. Then the value of Z can be determined by successively solving two ordinary differential equations. Due to a Lipschitz condition, this value is unique. The differential equations relate to an earlier path-dependent approach by H. Doss, which enables the expression of a stochastic integral in terms of a differential process.
Computational Characterization of the Multiplication Operation of Octonions via Algebraic Approaches
Authors: Chen Ray-Ming
Published: April 2024

A succinct and systematic form of multiplication for any arbitrary pairs of octonions is devised. A typical expression of multiplication for any pair of octonions involves 64 terms, which, from the computational and theoretical aspect, is too cumbersome. In addition, its internal relation could not be directly visualized via the expression per se. In this article, we study the internal structures of the indexes between imaginary unit octonions. It is then revealed by various copies of isomorphic structures for the multiplication. We isolate one copy and define a multiplicative structure on this. By doing so, we could keep track of all relations between indexes and the signs for cyclic permutations. The final form of our device is expressed in the form of a series of determinants, which shall offer some direct intuition about octonion multiplication and facilitate the further computational aspect of applications.
Multidimensional Model of Information Struggle with Impulse Perturbation in Terms of Levy Approximation
Authors: Nikitin Anatolii , Bekešienė Svajonė , Hošková-Mayerová Šárka , Krasiuk Bohdan
Published: April 2024

The focus of this research was on building a decision support system for a model that characterizes the conflict interaction of n-dimensional complex systems with non-trivial internal structures. The interpretation of the new model was focused on information warfare as the impact of rare events that quickly change certain perceptions of a large number of people. Consequently, the support for various ideas experiences stochastic jumps, a phenomenon observable through a non-classical Levy approximation scheme. The essence of our decision support system lies in its ability to navigate the complex dynamics of conflict interaction among multifaceted systems. Through the utilization of advanced modeling techniques, our aim is to illuminate the complicated interplay of factors influencing information warfare and its cascading effects on societal perceptions and behaviors. Key components of our decision support system encompass model development, simulation capabilities, data integration, and visualization tools. The significance of our work lies in its potential to inform policy formulation, conflict resolution strategies, and societal resilience in the face of information warfare. By providing decision-makers with actionable intelligence and foresight into emerging threats and opportunities, our decision support system serves as a valuable tool for navigating the complexities of modern conflict dynamics. In conclusion, developing a decision support system for modeling conflict interaction in complex systems represents an essential step toward enhancing our understanding of information warfare and its consequences. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative modeling techniques, we aim to provide stakeholders with the insights and capabilities needed to navigate the developing landscape of conflict and ensure the stability and resilience of society.
New Results on the Solvability of Abstract Sequential Caputo Fractional Differential Equations with a Resolvent-Operator Approach and Applications
Authors: Mohammed Djaouti Abdelhamid , Ould Melha Khellaf , Latif Muhammad Amer
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to establish the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to abstract sequential fractional differential equations. The approach employed involves the utilization of resolvent operators and the fixed-point theorem. Additionally, we investigate a specific example concerning a partial differential equation incorporating the Caputo fractional derivative.
The Effect of Recruitment Maneuver on Static Lung Compliance in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Single-Centre Prospective Clinical Intervention Study
Authors: Anđelić Nada , Uvelin Arsen , Stokić Edita , Popović Radmila , Zdravković Ranko , Preveden Andrej , Zornić Nenad
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether the use of an alveolar recruitment maneuver (RM) leads to a significant increase in static lung compliance (Cstat) and an improvement in gas exchange in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods: A clinical prospective intervention study was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups according to their body mass index (BMI): normal-weight (group I) and pre-obese and obese grade I (group II). Lung mechanics were monitored (Cstat, dynamic compliance—Cdin, peak pressure—Ppeak, plateau pressure—Pplat, driving pressure—DP) alongside gas exchange, and hemodynamic changes (heart rate—HR, mean arterial pressure—MAP) at six time points: T1 (induction of anesthesia), T2 (formation of pneumoperitoneum), T3 (RM with a PEEP of 5 cm H2O), T4 (RM with a PEEP of 7 cm H2O), T5 (desufflation), and T6 (RM at the end). The RM was performed by increasing the peak pressure by +5 cm of H2O at an equal inspiration-to-expiration ratio (I/E = 1:1) and applying a PEEP of 5 and 7 cm of H2O. Results: Out of 96 patients, 33 belonged to group I and 63 to group II. An increase in Cstat values occurred after all three RMs. At each time point, the Cstat value was measured higher in group I than in group II. A higher increase in Cstat was observed in group II after the second and third RM. Cstat values were higher at the end of the surgical procedure compared to values after the induction of anesthesia. The RM led to a significant increase in PaO2 in both groups without changes in HR or MAP. Conclusions: During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the application of RM leads to a significant increase in Cstat and an improvement in gas exchange. The prevention of atelectasis during anesthesia should be initiated immediately after the induction of anesthesia, using protective mechanical ventilation and RM.
The Effects of Six Weeks Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Functional and Psychological Outcomes in Long-COVID Patients: Preliminary Results from Serbian Single Center Study
Authors: Mujovic Natasa , Nikolic Dejan , Markovic Filip , Stjepanovic Mihailo , Zekovic Milica , Ali Hussain Saleh H. , Zivanovic Dubravka , Savic Milan , Laban Marija
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of six weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation on functional and psychological outcomes in long-COVID patients. Material and Methods: The prospective clinical study included 46 patients that were diagnosed with COVID-19. A respiratory rehabilitation program was implemented for six weeks. Further valuables were tested before the beginning of the rehabilitation program (admission) and six weeks after (discharge): SpO2, heart rate, respiratory rate, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Borg score, Sit-to-Stand (StS) test number of repetition, distance of 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9 score and Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) anxiety score. These parameters were tested before the rehabilitation program on admission and at discharge and after the rehabilitation program on admission and at discharge. The results were presented with standard descriptive and analytical methods. Differences between the continuous variables before and after physical rehabilitation intervention were tested using the Wilcoxon test. Graphical analysis is presented with a box plot. Results: On discharge, in comparison with admission, the values of SpO2 were significantly lower (p = 0.007) before the 6MWT, and VAS scores were significantly higher (p = 0.036), while after the 6MWT, VAS scores were significantly lower (p < 0.001) as were Borg scores (p = 0.016). On discharge, in comparison with admission, the respiratory rate was significantly higher (p = 0.005) before the StS test, and Borg scores were significantly lower (p = 0.001), while after the StS test, SpO2 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.036) and VAS scores were significantly lower (p < 0.001), as were Borg scores (p = 0.008). After discharge, the values of the StS test were significantly higher (p = 0.011), PHQ9 scores were significantly lower (p < 0.001) and GAD anxiety scores were significantly lower as well (p = 0.005), while the distances measured in meters on the 6MWT were significantly increased (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A structured rehabilitation program in our study was shown to have beneficial effects on physiological, psychological and functional improvements in patients with long-COVID, and therefore it is advisable for these patients.
Study on the Optimization of Investment Casting Process of Exhaust Elbow for High-Power Engine
Authors: Xie Shiyu , Lv Zhaozhao , Dong Shengquan
Published: April 2024

The high-power engine exhaust elbow has a complex construction, which makes it susceptible to casting flaws that could negatively impact its functionality. Therefore, the investment casting scheme was established and optimized in this study in order to cast structurally complete exhaust elbows for high-horsepower engines. ProCAST software was used to simulate and optimize the casting and solidification processes. The optimal process parameters were determined as follows: pouring temperature of 1650 °C, pouring speed of 1.5 kg/s, and shell preheating temperature of 1050 °C. The optimization of the primary parameters of the casting process, along with the results of dimensional accuracy analysis, shape and positional deviation, and defect detection, were validated through testing. The results indicated that the optimized castings had no casting defects and complied with the design specifications.
Widely Targeted Metabolomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Effect of Rootstocks on Citrus Fruit Quality
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Yang , Li Shuang , Yu Jianjun , Yang Lei , Hong Lin
Published: April 2024

The use of different rootstocks has a significant effect on the content of flavor components and overall fruit quality. However, little information is available about the metabolic basis of the nutritional value of citrus plants. In this study, UPLC-MS/MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) was performed to analyze the metabolites of three late-maturing hybrid mandarin varieties (‘Gold Nugget’, ‘Tango’ and ‘Orah’) grafted on four rootstocks (‘Trifoliate orange’, ‘Carrizo citrange’, ‘Red tangerine’ and ‘Ziyang Xiangcheng’). A total of 1006 metabolites were identified through OPLS-DA (Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis) analysis. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis revealed the most critical pathways among the different pathways associated with genes grafted on the four rootstocks that were differentially activated, including tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism in ‘Gold Nugget’; tryptophan metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism in ‘Tango’; and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis- and photosynthesis-related biosynthesis in ‘Orah’. A considerable difference between the different rootstocks was also observed in the accumulation of lipids, phenolic acids and flavonoids; further analysis revealed that the rootstocks regulated specific metabolites, including deacetylnomylinic acid, sudachinoid A, amoenin evodol, rutaevin, cyclo (phenylalanine-glutamic acid), cyclo (proline-phenylalanine), 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, and 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid. The results of this study provide a useful foundation for further investigation of rootstock selection for late-maturation hybrid mandarin varieties.
Secure ECDSA SRAM-PUF Based on Universal Single/Double Scalar Multiplication Architecture
Authors: Zhang Jingqi , Chen Zhiming , He Xiang , Liu Kuanhao , Hao Yue , Ma Mingzhi , Wang Weijiang , Dang Hua , Li Xiangnan
Published: April 2024

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are crucial for enhancing cybersecurity by providing unique, intrinsic identifiers for electronic devices, thus ensuring their authenticity and preventing unauthorized cloning. The SRAM-PUF, characterized by its simple structure and ease of implementation in various scenarios, has gained widespread usage. The soft-decision Reed–Muller (RM) code, an error correction code, is commonly employed in these designs. This paper introduces the design of an RM code soft-decision attack algorithm to reveal its potential security risks. To address this problem, we propose a soft-decision SRAM-PUF structure based on the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA). To improve the processing speed of the proposed secure SRAM-PUF, we propose a custom ECDSA scheme. Further, we also propose a universal architecture for the critical operations in ECDSA, elliptic curve scalar multiplication (ECSM), and elliptic curve double scalar multiplication (ECDSM) based on the differential addition chain (DAC). For ECSMs, iterations can be performed directly; for ECDSMs, a two-dimensional DAC is constructed through precomputation, followed by iterations. Moreover, due to the high similarity of ECSM and ECDSM data paths, this universal architecture saves hardware resources. Our design is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) using a Xilinx Virtex-7 and an TSMC 40 nm process. Compared to existing research, our design exhibits a lower bit error rate (2.7×10−10) and better area–time performance (3902 slices, 6.615 μs ECDSM latency).
Robust Orientation Estimation from MEMS Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity (MARG) Modules for Human–Computer Interaction
Authors: Sonchan Pontakorn , Ratchatanantakit Neeranut , O-Larnnithipong Nonnarit , Adjouadi Malek , Barreto Armando
Published: April 2024

While the availability of low-cost micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers initially seemed to promise the possibility of using them to easily track the position and orientation of virtually any object that they could be attached to, this promise has not yet been fulfilled. Navigation-grade accelerometers and gyroscopes have long been the basis for tracking ships and aircraft, but the signals from low-cost MEMS accelerometers and gyroscopes are still orders of magnitude poorer in quality (e.g., bias stability). Therefore, the applications of MEMS inertial measurement units (IMUs), containing tri-axial accelerometers and gyroscopes, are currently not as extensive as they were expected to be. Even the addition of MEMS tri-axial magnetometers, to conform magnetic, angular rate, and gravity (MARG) sensor modules, has not fully overcome the challenges involved in using these modules for long-term orientation estimation, which would be of great benefit for the tracking of human–computer hand-held controllers or tracking of Internet-Of-Things (IoT) devices. Here, we present an algorithm, GMVDμK (or simply GMVDK), that aims at taking full advantage of all the signals available from a MARG module to robustly estimate its orientation, while preventing damaging overcorrections, within the context of a human–computer interaction application. Through experimental comparison, we show that GMVDK is more robust to magnetic disturbances than three other MARG orientation estimation algorithms in representative trials.
Evaluation of Probiotic Properties and Safety of Lactobacillus helveticus LH10 Derived from Vinegar through Comprehensive Analysis of Genotype and Phenotype
Authors: Du Yang , Xu Jingru , Li Jinquan , Wu Renwei
Published: April 2024

The probiotic potential of Lactobacillus helveticus LH10, derived from vinegar Pei, a brewing mixture, was assessed through genotype and phenotype analyses. The assembled genome was comprised of 1,810,276 bp and predicted a total of 2044 coding sequences (CDSs). Based on the whole genome sequence analysis, two bacteriocin gene clusters were identified, while no pathogenic genes were detected. In in vitro experiments, L. helveticus LH10 exhibited excellent tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluid, a positive hydrophobic interaction with xylene, and good auto-aggregation properties. Additionally, this strain demonstrated varying degrees of resistance to five antibiotics, strong antagonistic activity against four tested pathogens, and no hemolytic activity. Therefore, L. helveticus LH10 holds great promise as a potential probiotic candidate deserving further investigation for its beneficial effects on human health.
Growth and Cell Size of Microalga Auxenochlorella protothecoides AS-1 under Different Trophic Modes
Authors: Chen Haoyu , Sosa Ana , Chen Feng
Published: April 2024

Certain microalgal species can grow with different trophic strategies depending on the availability of nutrient resources. They can use the energy from light or an organic substrate, or both, and can therefore be called autotrophs, heterotrophs, or mixotrophs. We recently isolated a microalgal strain from the microplastic biofilm, which was identified as Auxenochlorella protothecoides, AS-1. Strain AS-1 grew rapidly in bacterial culture media and exhibited different growth rates and cell sizes under different trophic conditions. We compared the growth performance of AS-1 under the three different trophic modes. AS-1 reached a high biomass (>4 g/L) in 6 days under mixotrophic growth conditions with a few organic carbons as a substrate. In contrast, poor autotrophic growth was observed for AS-1. Different cell sizes, including daughter and mother cells, were observed under the different growth modes. We applied a Coulter Counter to measure the size distribution patterns of AS-1 under different trophic modes. We showed that the cell size distribution of AS-1 was affected by different growth modes. Compared to the auto-, hetero- and mixotrophic modes, AS-1 achieved higher biomass productivity by increasing cell number and cell size in the presence of organic substrate. The mechanisms and advantages of having more mother cells with organic substrates are still unclear and warrant further investigations. The work here provides the growth information of a newly isolated A. protothecoides AS-1 which will be beneficial to future downstream applications.