bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Discussion in Soviet Medieval Studies 1951–1953: the Struggle for Objectivity
Authors:   Independent researcher, Moscow, Russia, Afanasiev Anton
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the discussion about theoretical works of Boris Porshnev in 1951–1953. The aim of this study was to explain a tremendous shift from the classbased ideological approach to periodization of European history (Porshnev) to an economic-oriented approach (Evgeny Kosminsky, Sergey Skazkin, etc.) while the paradigm of Short Course and marxist methodology have remained unchanged since the 1930s. Defeating Porshnev wasn’t Kosminsky’s party only piece of struggle for academic freedom. The main results of this discussion was, firstly, the reconfiguration of a convention about what is the objectivity and “scientific statement” in the medievists’ academic community, and, secondly, the final definition of a disciplinary boundaries. The author further stresses that theoretical issues, actively discussed in soviet historiography in the late 1950–1960s, was, in part, initiated by scholars themselves before the death of Stalin, and were not directly related to a political liberalization during the Khrushchev Thaw.
Entering a Risky Territory: Space in the Age of Digital Navigation
Authors:   Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), November Valérie ,   Ecole des Ponts, Université Paris-Est, France, Camacho-Hübner Eduardo ,   École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland, Latour Bruno
Published: September 2024

Relying on the fecund interface of three fieldsöstudies in science, risk geography, and knowledge managementöthis paper notes first that the lack of understanding of the relationships between maps and territory and risks is an unfortunate consequence of the way the mapping impulse has been interpreted during the modernist period. Then, taking into account the advent of digital navigation, the paper discusses a very different interpretation of the mapping enterprise that allows a mimetic use of maps to be distinguished from a navigational one. Consequently, we suggest maps should be considered as dashboards of a calculation interface that allows one to pinpoint successive signposts while moving through the world, the famous multiverse of William James. This distinction, we argue, might, on the one hand, help geography to grasp the very idea of risks and, on the other, help to free geography from its fascination with the base map by allowing a whole set of new features, such as anticipation, participation, reflexivity, and feedback, now being included in the navigational definition of maps.
Georg Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit
Authors:   University of Pittsburgh, USA, Brandom Robert
Published: September 2024

In his retrospective review of The Phenomenology of Spirit Robert Brandom tries to re-actualize Hegel’s ideas, linking his speculative dialectics to the twentieth-century linguistic philosophy and pragmatism. The German philosopher, Brandom argues, definitely concurs with the Wittgensteinian tradition in emphasizing social practices (“uses, customs, institutions”) as providing the framework for our understanding of normatively significant contents. But where Wittgenstein is suspicious in principle of philosophical theorizing, Hegel is an ambitious metaphysical system-builder. Coeval with modal realism, Hegel’s “idealism” claims that not only our linguistic practices and subjectively entertained thoughts, but objective states of affairs as well are conceptually articulated (as John McDowell put it, “the conceptual has no outer boundary”). The “normative statuses” (Hegel’s “being-in-itself ” translated into Brandom’s slang) are instituted by reciprocal recognition of individual subjects participating in a collective “game of giving and asking for reasons.” Recognition — that is what is required for what Hegel calls “actual self-consciousness:” to be what one takes oneself to be. Traditional (pre-modern) society understood normative statuses as objective, written into the non-, pre-, or super-human world as it objectively is independently of any subjective attitudes (“being-for-itself ”). Brandom’s Hegel condemns this view as essentialist. Norms are made, not found; they are products of our recognitive practices. Still the collapse of the traditional order generates “alienation” (Entfremdung) by which Brandom means a characteristically modern process of relativization of the human’s moral and political consciousness. What is needed, he thinks (with Hegel), is some way of reconciling what the ancients knew, that our normative attitudes are responsible to our actual normative statuses, with what the moderns learned, that statuses are nothing apart from the attitudes. He accordingly envisages the next stage of human history in which this lesson is explicitly embraced, and the stance of modernity is reconciled with Sittlichkeit, so that alienation of the modern (individual) consciousness is overcome. This post-modern form of self-consciousness Hegel calls “Absolute Knowing.”
GOVERNANÇA NA UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA: BENCHMARKING COM UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Silva Fernanda Leite Ferreira da , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de , Ribaski Nayara Guetten
Published: September 2024

A Universidade de Brasília – UnB gastou, segundo seu Relatório de Gestão de 2018, 84% dos seus recursos com despesas de pessoal. Assim, diante de um crescimento das aposentadorias dos servidores da universidade e as restrições orçamentárias, a governança da UnB torna-se um desafio. Por meio de orientações do Ministério do Planejamento, de bases de dados do Tribunal de Contas da União foi possível comparar a UnB às demais universidades federais. Constatou-se que a UnB, em relação às demais universidades, encontra-se bem estruturada em termos de planejamentos e normatizações, isto é, nos aspectos estratégicos. Contudo, em relação aos aspectos operacionais, ou seja, na implementação de medidas concretas que visem mitigar os riscos organizacionais, a UnB está muito incipiente, pior do que a média nacional das universidades federais brasileiras.
Study protocol: can viral load predict a symptomatic congenital CMV infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis v1
Authors: Salomè Serena , Gammella Roberta , Coppola Clara , Dolce Pasquale , Capasso Letizia , Blasquez-Gamero Daniel
Published: September 2024

CMV is the most common cause of congenital infection.Although only approximately 10% of infected newborns are symptomatic at birth,a clinical disease may develop later in infancy. An early diagnosis ofsymptomatic cCMV is important for successful treatment. Our objective was toevaluate if a higher viral load in different biological fluids correlates withsymptomatic disease. We will perform a systematic searches of Medline, Embase,and SCOPUS from 1976 to December 2023. Methods will follow the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines andit has been registered with theInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 03/05/24(Registration number CRD42024537242). Our primary outcome will be to evaluateif great CMV load in blood and urine may predict newborns at risk of symptoms. Assecondary outcome, we will search if higher CMV may influence long termprognosis and if there is a specific threshold
Diálogos artísticos entre la escuela rural y la universidad
Authors: Arias Ortega Sara
Published: September 2024

This article presents an educational artistic action that links two educational centers: the Francisco Ibáñez Rural School and the Education of the University from Alcalá. Both located in the province of Guadalajara. One of the most unpopulated territories at national and even European level, with regions that have an average of less than 2 habitants/km². Through this case study we aim to find and share images that expose other forms, systems and cultures that can reconstruct in a real, complete and diverse way the collective imagination that we have of both rural environments (and therefore their schools) as well as as well as Art Education in teacher training schools. Through active, artistic and intergenerational methodologies that recover and reactivate the links between teachers and students of different levels and educational spaces.
Interventions carried out in a collective, cooperative and participatory manner, to produce a living, accessible and common culture that has stimulated inter and intrapersonal relationships and has fostered the feeling of roots and identity, both individual and community.
Bashu en la poesía de la dinastía Tang: análisis comparativo de la traducción de culturemas
Authors: Ma Xinjie , Ma Rui
Published: September 2024

The transfer of cultural elements constitutes one of the major obstacles in the process of intercultural translation. In this article, under the categorization of culturemes and translation techniques proposed by Molina (2006), we locate in the poetry of Tang dynasty the cultural references of Bashu. The aim of this article is to analyze the different strategies in which these references have been translated and propose alternatives to overcome the cultural barriers in Chinese-Spanish translation, as well as to spread the literature and culture of Bashu in the Hispanic world.
The EU De‐Risking of Energy Dependencies: Towards a New Clean Energy Geopolitical Order?
Authors: Jerzyniak Tomasz
Published: September 2024

The mounting geopolitical tensions and rivalries between the world’s major economies transform the goals and instruments of domestic and external policies. Industrial strategies of leading global powers call for technological decoupling, strategic autonomy, and the de-risking of dependencies in critical value chains. Economic interdependencies become a liability and de-globalisation tendencies come to the fore. The energy sector is not exempted from these trends, leading even to the weaponisation of energy in some cases. In that vein, this article explores the character and directions of EU international energy engagement through the geoeconomic lens. Taking inspiration from literature on energy security and the geopolitics of energy transition, the article theorises the concept of de-risking in energy to investigate how the EU is positioning itself as a power while ensuring security and competitiveness. Looking at three illustrative examples of the energy transition—supply of natural gas, access to energy-critical minerals, and international hydrogen markets—the article shows that EU de-risking means not only diversifying suppliers but, most notably, constructing new economic, sustainable, and potentially long-lasting international relations. As a result, despite the deep geopoliticisation of energy and the new global “disorder,” the EU’s de-risking has the potential to reshape international relations by forging new partnerships or reconfiguring existing ones, thus establishing a new economic order driven by clean energy while offering new economic opportunities to create local value chains and decarbonise economies in third countries.
Understanding by Design (UbD) Ünite Planı Değerlendirmeye ve Geri Bildirim Sağlamaya Yönelik Analitik Rubrik Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: Güneş Savul Emel , Doğan Selçuk , Yazıcılar Nalbantoğlu Ümran
Published: September 2024

Çalışmada Understanding by Design (UbD) (Anlamaya Dayalı Tasarım) ünite planlarını değerlendirmek ve planı geliştiren kişilere etkili geri bildirim sağlama amacıyla analitik bir rubrik geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Geliştirilen rubriğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları tamamlanmıştır. Uzman görüşleri ve literatür taraması ile belirlenen ölçütlere UbD’yle uyumlu olacak şekilde üç kategoride göstergeler yazılmıştır. Hazırlanan ölçütler ve kategoriler uzman görüşleri alınarak düzenlenmiştir. Farklı sınıf seviyeleri ve farklı dersler kapsamında hazırlanmış dört UbD ünite planı, UbD uzmanları/değerlendiricileri tarafından rubrik yardımıyla değerlendirmesi istenmiştir. Değerlendiriciler arasında iç tutarlığa bakmak amacıyla hesaplanan Fleiss Kappa tutarlılık katsayısı planlar için sırasıyla .42, .41, .39 ve .36 çıkmıştır. Bu hesaplamalar orta derecede tutarlılığı işaret etmektedir. Bu amaçla uyuşmanın yaşanmadığı ölçütler değerlendirici görüşleri ile birlikte tekrar revize edilerek iç tutarlık çalışmaları yenilenmiştir. Yeniden hesaplanan Fleiss Kappa tutarlılık katsayısı sırasıyla .71, .72, .75 ve .73 çıkmıştır. Bu hesaplamalar önemli derecede uyuşmaya işaret etmektedir. Geliştirilen analitik rubrik, farklı ders, seviye ve nitelikteki UbD ünite planlarını değerlendirmede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak sunulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Türkçe literatürde ilk kez ortaya çıkan bir analitik rubrik ile UbD ünite planlarının etkili bir şekilde değerlendirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.
100 Years of the Development of Cultural-Historical Psychology: Milestones and Directions
Authors: Rubtsov V.V. , Zaretsky V.K. , Maidansky A.D.
Published: September 2024

The article gives a brief overview of the emergence and development of the cultural-historical theory of higher psychological functions over the century after it was created. Lev Vygotsky began the development of his theory with the study of the instrumental function of “cultural signs” (primarily words) and therefore he gave it the name “instrumental psychology”. The formation of human personality was understood by Vygotsky as the “ingrowing” of social relations into the individual mind and the conscious “mastery of the self”, its psychological functions and affects, by means of signs and basing on concepts. The authors of the article point out the main milestones in the development of cultural-historical psychology, briefly characterise its key concepts, methods and the most important tendencies of its development, up to its most recent trends in Russia, which have already emerged in the 20th century.
Means Problem in Cultural-Historical Theory
Authors: Veraksa N.E.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a dialectical analysis of psychological means as one of the problems within cultural-historical psychology. The author raises the question of what properties psychological means must have in order to serve as a tool for influencing the actor's behavior. As means are considered those presented in L.Vygotsky's works: sign, symbol, visual diagram, concept of opposition. This study offers a solution to a number of theoretical problems: it gives a description of the primary and ideal forms’ structure as well as explains the possibility of their interaction (including in the process of mediation). The key properties of symbolic means are determined: the presence of material and ideal components, as well as experiences that presuppose the unity of affect and intellect. These qualities allow the sign to mediate the interaction of the primary and ideal form. The product of sign mediation is the formation of higher psychological functions in the child. The hypothesis is substantiated that it is advisable to consider relations of opposition as cultural means, and their mastering is necessary for the dialectical thinking formation as the highest psychological function. The study shows that one of the fundamental properties of opposite relations is their two-level nature. This property is demonstrated in the use of opposites in cycles as it involves a transition from content analysis to structure analysis and back. The theoretical research carried out is aimed at developing the cultural-historical concept, including the problem of psychological means. The work done has practical significance, because it provides a detailed description of the means’ transformations that arise in the process of social interaction between an adult and a child.
Genesis and Current State of Joint Activities in Educational Conditions
Authors: Tereschenko V.V.
Published: September 2024

In the article we carried out a historical and psychological analysis of psychological and pedagogical research of joint activities (its genesis) from the 60s of the XX century to the present time. Research reference points have been identified/ The first one is the beginning of the 60s of the XX century with a primary study of the genesis of the subject of joint activity in groups of children of preschool and primary school age. The secon is the end of the 80s of the XX, early XXI centuries within the framework of the development of the theory of developmental education (V.V. Davydov, V.V. Rubtsov, D.B. Elkonin, etc.) based on the positions of cultural-historical psychology L.S. Vygotsky, who emphasizes joint activity as the most important sociocultural mechanism of development. The third point takes place in the second decade - the beginning of the third decade of the XXI century, it’s the study of the issues of promoting the ideas of sociogenesis in the traditions of cultural-historical psychology and activity theory, and an attempt to look differently at the key problems of joint activities in a modern school environment. The space of possibilities for modern children is analyzed. Current research shows that educational organizations today form and develop not only the abilities of students, but also their activities (from joint games, educational activities, to role-playing experimentation and project activities).
Diagnostic Problems of the Agency in a Project Group
Authors: Glazunova O.I. , Glebova M.M.
Published: September 2024

A child-adult group building an educational project is an effective environment for the formation of adolescent agency. Agency is аn important parameter of professionalism and maturity in any work. However, so far, the diagnostics of agency has not been sufficiently developed; conceptually grounded indicators of agency in activity have not been formulated. The aim of our research is to develop indicators of agency and create diagnostic techniques based on the thinking-activity approach. Agency is not an ability, but a certain level of mastery of activity, allowing grasping it as a whole, managing it and developing it. Either an individual person or a community-group or a community consisting of individual groups can be an agent. There are two main phases in the process of the agency formation: agency initiation and agency action. From the point of view of project agency formation, we can distinguish three activities which form it: game, educational and project activities. The types of agency corresponding to them form a hierarchy.
Preservation of pelvic organ functions after surgical treatment of tumors in the caudal section of the spinal cord: role of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring
Authors: Malyshok Dar’ya Е. , Bisaga Gennadiy N. , Оrlov Аndrei Yu. , Aleksandrov Mikhail V.
Published: September 2024

The effectiveness of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of the segmental apparatus for the regulation of pelvic functions during surgical treatment of tumors in the caudal spinal cord was assessed. In this study, 99 patients with extramedullary and intramedullary spinal cord tumors at the Th11–S5 vertebral levels who received neurosurgical treatment were examined. Based on the extent of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, patients were divided into two groups: group 1 underwent standard monitoring of the pyramidal system, and group 2 underwent extended monitoring of pelvic organ functions, which was based on the recording of the bulbocavernosus reflex. Neurological examinations were conducted for all patients before surgery and in the early postoperative period (10–14 days). Twelve months after the surgery, a telephone survey of the complaints of pelvic organ dysfunction was conducted. The surgical outcomes of both groups were compared. Pelvic organ dysfunctions in the preoperative period were identified in 25%–30% of the patients in each group. In the examination 10–14 days after surgery, pelvic organ dysfunctions were found in 20 (48.8%) patients in group 1 and in 16 (27.6%) in group 2. At 12 months after surgery, the dysfunction rate increased from 56.1% (n = 23) in group 1 to 29.3% (n = 17) in group 2. Non-monitoring increased the risk of pelvic organ dysfunctions by 2.5 times in the early postoperative period (odds ratio, 2.50 (1.07–5.79)) and 3.08 times after 1 year (odds ratio, 3.08 (1.35–7.11)). Monitoring of pelvic functions reduced the risk of pelvic organ dysfunctions first identified in the early postoperative period by 5.2 times (odds ratio, 0.192 (0.04–0.80)). Thus, intraoperative continuous monitoring of the state of the segmental apparatus for regulating pelvic functions helps minimize the risk of postoperative development of pelvic disorders in patients with tumor lesions of the caudal parts of the spinal cord. Pelvic monitoring increases the functional permissibility of the operation, maintaining or improving the quality of life of the patients.
Long-term clinical outcomes and development of degenerative diseases of the adjacent proximal segment during personalized lumbar transforaminal fusion: A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Spiridonov Alexey V. , Pestryakov Yuri Ya. , Kalinin Andrei A. , Byvaltsev Vadim A.
Published: September 2024

Long-term clinical outcomes and incidence of degenerative diseases of the adjacent proximal segment during personalized lumbar transforaminal fusion were prospectively assessed. According to the created register, the observational prospective multicenter study included 209 patients who underwent primary open transforaminal lumbar fusion according to generally accepted indications at the LIV–SI vertebral level between 2015 and 2019, and in these patients, adjacent vertebral motion segment had initial degeneration of the adjacent segment in varying severity levels. The risk of developing degenerative adjacent segment disease on the proximal spinal motion segment was assessed using an original method (Patent 2762496 of the Russian Federation, December 21, 2021, Bulletin No. 36). The surgical technique in relation to the adjacent spinal motion segment was determined according to the algorithm for personalized implementation of open transforaminal lumbar fusion. Instrumental parameters were studied in the preoperative period, and development of degenerative adjacent segment disease in the long-term postoperative follow-up was examined at 65 (60–74) months. After a comprehensive assessment of the risk of developing a degenerative adjacent segment disease, monosegmental open transforaminal lumbar fusion was performed in 75 patients, open transforaminal lumbar fusion with interspinous stabilization of the adjacent vertebral motion segment in 69, and involvement of the adjacent vertebral motion segment in rigid stabilization in 65. The incidence of degenerative adjacent segment disease was 4.9% (n = 10). Thus, a comprehensive assessment of the risk of developing degenerative adjacent segment disease and a personalized algorithmic approach to performing open transforaminal lumbar fusion can significantly improve long-term clinical results and reduce the incidence of this degenerative disease in a minimum 5-year follow-up period.
Bayesian meta-analysis of the binary outcomes of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Sapozhnikov Kirill V. , Parfenov Sergei A. , Lazarev Andrei A. , Kirichek Ruslan V. , Tolkacheva Daria G. , Mironenko Olga N. , Klishkova Natalia V. , Kulishenko Valeriy V.
Published: September 2024

The study presented the main aspects of conducting Bayesian network meta-analysis as a method of indirect comparisons using mathematical models. To describe the performance of the Bayesian network meta-analysis, codes for the random-effects and fixed-effects models were included. The models were written in Component Pascal and run in the JAGS program. To allow cross-reference of results, data used for modeling purposes were generated data from the article by D. Hu, A.M. O'Connor, S. Wang et al. [6]. The R language and rjags package were used to load data into the model and run the program. To determine the best model, model adequacy indicators were used, such as total residual deviation, and leverage and deviation information criterion were calculated using the original R code. A graphical method was also used to determine the adequacy of the models using the ggplot2 package. An example of constructing a network of evidence based on available results on the effectiveness of drugs from clinical trials was considered, taking into account the assumptions of transitivity and heterogeneity. Indirect and direct comparisons to determine the true estimates of drugs were possible. The elements of Bayesian statistics, such as prior and posterior probabilities and likelihood, and the advantages of using them in meta-analysis were explained. The mathematical apparatus of the generalized linear model was presented in both general and specific forms, using binomial output data to obtain relative estimates of the effects of therapies. An explanation of how the models work is presented. The random-effects model showed superiority over the fixed-effects model in the comparison of adequacy metrics. To achieve better adequacy, data must be carefully downloaded from publications, and informative priors selected. In general, Bayesian synthesis is a distinct and important type of network meta-analysis. It is unique because it uses a probabilistic approach to data analysis. Understanding the basic principles of Bayesian statistics is also an important aspect of the successful use of this method in various research fields. However, for effective application of this method, attention must be paid to careful data preparation and the choice of priors. With informative prior distributions and proper implementation, Bayesian synthesis can produce more accurate and reliable results than other meta-analysis methods. Bayesian synthesis is a method of statistical data analysis recognized worldwide and in the Russian Federation..
Professor Igor M. Samokhvalov: scientist, teacher, worker and military field surgeon (on the 70th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Badalov Vadim I. , Tynyankin Nikolay A. , Lyashedko Pyotr P. , Bechik Sergey L.
Published: September 2024

July 5, 2024 marked the 70th anniversary of the famous military surgeon, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, former Chief Surgeon of the Ministry of Defense and head of the Department of Military Field Surgery of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, corresponding member and honorary Doctor of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, retired Colonel of the medical service Igor M. Samokhvalov. After graduating from the Academy, I.M. Samokhvalov served in the Airborne Troops as a military doctor, then as a surgeon of a separate medical battalion. In 1981, I.M. Samokhvalov entered the adjunct course at the Department of Military Field Surgery and successfully defended his thesis for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences on traumatic disease in limb injuries. I.M. Samokhvalov — a participant in combat operations in Afghanistan (1980, 1987–1988) and in the North Caucasus (1994–1995). He provided assistance to victims of the earthquake in Armenia in 1988. The generalization of the experience gained was framed in the form of a doctoral dissertation on combat trauma of blood vessels. In 2007, I.M. Samokhvalov was appointed head of the Department of Military Field Surgery, then from 2010 to 2022 he was elected head of this department. As Chief Surgeon of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, in the difficult conditions of the reduction of the Armed Forces, he carried out work to improve the quality of surgical care. Professor I.M. Samokhvalov is one of the country’s leading specialists in military field surgery, polytrauma surgery, and angiotraumatology. He developed the concept of optimizing the provision of surgical care to the wounded and the tactics of “damage control” in a hybrid war, on the basis of which the current guidelines for military field surgery were prepared. He led the creation of a line of modern domestic individual means of providing assistance to the wounded. He proposed the concept of temporary intracavitary hemostasis in abdominal injuries with ongoing intra-abdominal bleeding. Professor I.M. Samokhvalov has established a school of military field surgeons, 11 doctors and 26 candidates of medical sciences have been trained. Since 2022, Igor M. continues to work at his native department as a professor and is (concurrently) a leading researcher at the Department of Combined Injuries of the St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I.I. Janelidze.
Symmetrizing operations using endoprostheses in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Orlov Andrey E. , Kaganov Oleg I. , Tkachev Maksim V. , Karetnikova Nelly V.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Improving the strategy of surgical treatment of breast cancer is an important and urgent task for a physician at the present stage.
АIM: To evaluate the immediate results and quality of life indicators of patients using the two-stage reconstruction technique with symmetrizing operations.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective study included the results of treatment of 126 patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer in the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary in the period 2018–2022. Patients of the comparison group (n=72) underwent two-stage reconstruction with an expander, 54 patients of the main group — two-stage reconstruction with the performance of a symmetrizing operation. Patients from the comparison group and the main group were comparable in age, disease stage, biological subtypes of the tumor. Before the operation, at an appointment with an oncologist, the quality of life indicators’ assessment of patients of both groups was performed using the SF-36 questionnaire (which did not differ statistically significantly), then these parameters were assessed 6 months after the operation. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using parametric (Student's t-test) and nonparametric (Mann–Whitney test, χ2 test and Fisher's exact test) methods. The significance criterion in the study was p 0.05.
RESULTS: The immediate results of surgical treatment in the compared groups did not differ statistically significantly: the average operation time in the control and main groups was 125±25 and 153±33 min, respectively (p=0.874); intraoperative blood loss reached 50±17 and 65±21 ml (p=0.347); the duration of postoperative lymphorrhea was 12±4 and 14±3 days (p=0.621); postoperative bed-day was 12±2 and 13±3 days (p=0.541), respectively. According to the scale of physical condition, social functioning, psychological health and vital activity, assessed by patients using the SF-36 questionnaire by means of a survey, after 6 months, women who underwent two-stage reconstruction with symmetry surgery had a statistically significant advantage: in the control group, according to the scale of physical condition — 47.51±10.72 points, in the main group — 72.34±12.63 points (p=0.041); according to the scale of social functioning — 42.42±19.81 and 78.12±14.23 points (p=0.003); according to the scale of mental health — 44.31±21.32 and 81.42±8.81 points (p=0.008); according to the vital activity scale — 59.12±13.57 and 65.21±18.24 points (p=0.026), respectively.
CONCLUSION: Patients of the main group 6 months after the symmetrizing operation have better quality of life indicators compared to the comparison group.
The Evaluation of Socio-Economic Impacts of Port Development and Operation - Focusing on the Firms in Busan New Port Neighborhood Areas -
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Seo Young-Joon , Choi Jeong-Won , Ha Min-Ho
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the socio-economic impact of port development and operation based on perspectives of firms in Busan New Port neighborhood areas. To conduct the research goal, 62 socio-economic factors were identified through expert interviews and a comprehensive literature review. Then, the total number of 500 questionnaires from the same number of companies in Busan New Port neighboring areas were used to employ IPA method based on the importance and performance scores. The findings from this work suggest that the factors for the convenience of public transportation in the city, the reduction of commuting costs, and convenience of transportation to the major cities required the top priority improvement for the port-related companies. This result provides the policy priorities to improve the satisfaction of socio-economic factors for Busan New Port neighboring areas.
An Empirical Analysis of National Logistics Competitiveness through the Implementation of the Tonnage Tax System
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Ahn Young-Gyun , Hue Jae-Young , Kim Kyung-Hoon
Published: September 2024

The tonnage tax system classifies the business income of shipping and logistics companies that comply with certain requirements as shipping income and non-transport income, and in terms of shipping income, corporate tax is paid on the standard profit of ships calculated based on the net tonnage of ships and the number of operating days, regardless of actual income. Looking at the introduction of the tonnage tax system in countries around the world, Greece first introduced it in 1973, and since the tonnage tax system was implemented in the Netherlands in 1996, major shipping countries in more than 20 countries, including Norway, Denmark, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, and Taiwan, have introduced and implemented tonnage tax to enhance the international competitiveness of the shipping industry. The tonnage tax system improves the predictability of the detailed burden on shipping companies, facilitates mid- to long-term business promotion, reduces the detailed burden compared to general corporate tax, and improves the international competitiveness of the shipping and logistics industry due to its relatively simple tax calculation. In order to apply the tonnage tax system with such positive ripple effects even after the sunset deadline of 2024, it is necessary to quantitatively determine how much the tonnage tax system strengthens its logistics competitiveness. This study attempted to conduct a time series analysis and to find out that the logistics competitiveness of shipping and logistics companies subject to the tonnage tax system is higher than that of ones not subject to the tonnage tax system.
¿Qué es el terrorismo? ¿Qué es un acto terrorista? La distopía extendida del terrorismo
Authors: Torres-Vásquez Henry , Torres-Henao Henry Hernán
Published: September 2024

Despite the lack of social, political or legal concreteness regarding its concept, modern and contemporary society considers that the greatest enemy is terrorism. Although terrorist actions contain unusual cruelty and cause a social impact impregnated with a high dose of media spectacularity, this represents a huge problem for the security of contemporary society. This article collects certain definitions of terrorism and terrorist act and highlights that since there is no precise definition, the concept is unfinished, so there is an instrumentalization of terror and terrorism that allows it to be used by individuals, groups or governments, all with different purposes, in which the political purpose stands out. The results presented propose some measured characteristics of terrorist action and terrorism, delving into the common factor to these concepts such as terror. It is concluded that to fight from the prevention or reaction to terrorism it is necessary to determine its precise contours, since, although terrorism produces terror, not everything that produces fear in society is terrorism. And this ultimately forces us to think about eradicating all forms of terrorism, regardless of the motivations or purposes.
Consideraciones y análisis dogmático del delito de maltrato animal en Colombia a la luz de la ley 1774 de 2016 y el replanteamiento de los elementos estructurales del tipo
Authors: Beetar-Bechara Brajim , Sandoval-Meléndez David , De-León-Vargas Georgina Isabel
Published: September 2024

In this context, the object of this work is to carry out an analysis of the different theories proposed by the doctrine when determining the legal and social advances regarding the status of the animal, identifying the legal asset to be protected through the classification of the conduct punishable by animal abuse, as well as the criticism that these approaches have generated from doctrinal sectors contrary to them. To this end, the hypotheses raised by different authors with an impact on the matter will be analyzed, as well as some statements by national courts through their rulings.
Racial Disparities in Obstetrical Outcomes: A Single Institution Study
Authors: Whitehead Katie , Maxwell Rose , McKenna David
Published: September 2024

Background: Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality is a prevalent and pressing issue in our health care system that is disproportionately affecting minority populations at increasing rates. This study's objective is to analyze data from a single institution in southwest Ohio to determine if racial disparities are present and to what extent different measures of labor outcomes are influenced.
Methods: We analyzed retrospective data utilizing the electronic medical records system from a multicenter hospital system in southwest Ohio, dating January 2019 to July 2021. The dataset included demographic, obstetrical, and labor outcomes of patients who gave birth to singleton pregnancies at 37 weeks gestation or greater during the time period. Using the patients’ self-identified race, chi-square tests and Student t tests were used to identify disparities in obstetrical outcomes.
Results: Of the 13 666 patients in the cohort, non-Caucasian patients experienced higher rates of cesarean delivery than Caucasian patients and were more likely to have higher maternal composite scores, indicating a higher rate of adverse effects during and after labor. The nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex (NTSV) rate was 5% higher among non-Caucasian patients than Caucasian patients. Significant differences in the length of time between induction and delivery were also found between race groups.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest the presence of unmeasured clinical and nonclinical factors that are affecting the care of minority patients, similar to the findings of current and past literature. This data can be utilized as a baseline for future interventions aimed at reducing the disparities in Ohio and across the country.
Do investing in information technology and intellectual capital improve firm value in the financial technology era?
Authors: Maghfiroh Ariny , Saraswati Erwin , Mardiati Endang
Published: September 2024

Research aims: This research aims to prove the impact of information technology investments and intellectual capital on firm value (Tobin’s Q) in the financial technology era.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study’s population was banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (ISE) during 2017–2022. Purposive sampling was utilized to choose a sample of 46 banks, resulting in a total of 112 observations during six years. This research employed GMM regression for empirical analysis, considering endogeneity. Research findings: The study revealed that while investments in information technology exerted a favorable influence on firm value, intellectual capital had a beneficial impact on firm value. Human Capital Efficiency (HCE) and Capital Employed Efficiency (CEE) positively impacted firm value. However, the variables Structural Capital Efficiency (SCE) and Relational Capital Efficiency (RCE) did not have any effect on firm value. The variables being controlled for in this study comprised corporate level, industry level, and banking type. The financial success of a corporation could be influenced by the corporate level, determined by the organization's size. The influence of industrial level and bank type on company firm value was limited due to the dynamic nature of market conditions and the intensifying competition within the banking system.Theoretical contribution/ Originality: This research contributes theoretically to the field of signaling theory by presenting an advantageous analytical framework to examine the effects of IT investments in the dynamic financial sector.Practitioner/Policy implication: This research contributes to investors in determining investment decisions and the council of commissioners to enhance supervision of IT investments, encourage banking to innovate in leveraging information technology, and introduce new products that can meet customer needs.Research limitation/Implication: The research focuses exclusively on banks listed on ISE and exclusively employs the MVAIC methodology for research purposes. Since this research was limited to the financial statements presented by the company, so some necessary data were not available, requiring an interview or spreading the questionnaire to the sample used. This research was also limited to banking in Indonesia, so the samples used were also limited, and there needs to be a comparison.
Achieving predictable contacts and contours: A review
Authors: Tyagi Shivali , Rathi Shravan , Nikhil Vineeta
Published: September 2024

Restoring surface cavities and replacing the lost tooth structure from caries, trauma, decay, damage and other causes to their natural anatomy is one of the main objective of restorative dentist. Enhanced comprehension of the interproximal relationship enables clinicians to more effectively preserve or restore these structures. To preserve the natural form of the tooth while restoring, the shape and contour of restoration can be given by various matrix systems. This paper is an attempt not only to make the reader understand about the normal anatomic contacts and contours and various matrix system available recently but also it helps the clinician to select the best matrix system for the specific clinical situation to achieve predictable contacts and contour to enhance longevity of dental restorations.

Importance of use of matrix band in clinical dentistry for obtaining ideal contacts and contours.
Non-surgical management of mandibular first premolar with vertucci type v root canal configuration: A case report
Authors: Azeez Mohd Faisal , Mittal Neelam , Sharma Shelly
Published: September 2024

Mandibular premolars are known for having a complex anatomy, often considered as enigma to endodontist. Thorough knowledge of the root canal morphology, appropriate assessment of the pulp chamber floor and proper interpretation of radiograph is a prerequisite for successful root canal therapy.

The complex anatomy and morphology of root canals can be classified according to VERTUCCI root canal classification system. VERTUCCI type V is a characterization given to a root where a canal is divided into two separate root canals with two separate apical foramina.

Such type of cases with complex anatomy of the root canal can be successfully managed if the clinician has thorough knowledge of root canals.
Aprendizagem e retenção em programação: um estudo no ensino médio técnico do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, campus Parelhas, Brasil
Authors: Araújo Ana Lívia Dos Santos , Oliveira João Gabriel De Araújo , Souza Ilane Alícia Fernandes de , Azevedo Giovanna Silva de , Batista Cybelly Francisca Silva , Pereira Rafael Peixoto De Moraes
Published: September 2024

Apesar das inovações acadêmicas proporcionadas pela educação profissionalizante disponibilizada pelos Institutos Federais, o ensino de programação ainda apresenta muitas lacunas. Este estudo investiga as dificuldades enfrentadas no ensino de programação do Curso Técnico Integrado em Informática (CTII) do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), câmpus Parelhas. O objetivo é analisar o desempenho dos alunos ao longo dos anos do curso, com foco nas disciplinas de Fundamentos de Lógica e Algoritmos (FLA) e Programação Orientada a Objetos (POO). A metodologia adotada consiste em um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo, que incluiu a aplicação de questionários, entrevistas e uma análise de dados sobre as taxas de reprovação nessas disciplinas nos últimos cinco anos. A pesquisa envolveu 162 discentes, compreendendo 90% da totalidade matriculada no curso. Os testes aplicados abordaram tarefas com diferentes níveis de competência exigidos pela programação. Os resultados revelam um desempenho baixo, com a média de pontuação dos alunos abaixo dos 50% em todas as turmas participantes. Dentre as principais dificuldades citadas pelos estudantes, destacam-se a interpretação deficiente, o esquecimento de conceitos básicos e problemas na resolução de tarefas simples. Esses desafios são corroborados pela taxa de reprovação significativa na disciplina de Fundamentos de Lógica e Algoritmos (FLA), atingindo 17,5% ao ano, a mais alta entre as matérias analisadas. As entrevistas educacionais diagnosticaram as principais estratégias, recursos e experiências profissionais associadas aos discentes com alta retenção das habilidades. Os dados obtidos contribuem para a compreensão das dinâmicas de aprendizagem e para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino mais engajadoras.
Exploring Speech Acts In "Heidi": An Analysis of Direct and Indirect Communication in Cinematic Dialogue
Authors: Rahayu Emsa Anggy Puji , Degaf Agwin , Anggrisia Nur Fitria
Published: September 2024

This research analyzes the use of speech acts in the movie Heidi, selected for its rich content and depiction of effective communication and moral values, particularly the importance of adaptation in a new environment. The character Heidi, a talkative young girl, provides valuable examples of how communication is established and maintained through her interactions. The study aims to identify the forms and meanings of speech acts used by the characters and to understand the interpretation of dialogues between speakers and hearers. The descriptive qualitative analysis method is employed to examine all utterances in Heidi that contain speech acts and speech strategies. The data are classified based on the forms of speech acts according to Wijana's theories and the meanings of speech acts using Searle's theory. The findings reveal the presence of various types of speech acts, including direct literal, direct nonliteral, indirect literal, and indirect nonliteral speech acts. Specifically, 133 utterances were analyzed and categorized into Representative (27), Directive (50), Expressive (31), Commissive (25), and Declarative (1). The study also shows that characters in the movie predominantly use directive speech acts. This research enhances the understanding of speech act theory and its application in film dialogues, emphasizing the importance of context and intention in interpreting communication.