bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constitutional appeal – human rights protection procedure - with particular reference to the constitutional complaint in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Saveski Dejan
Published: November 2018

In this text, the author examines the historical aspects of the constitutional complaint, analyzes the genesis of its implementation in the legal systems, first of all, the states representing Western democracies. Furthermore, it seeks to answer the question whether the constitutional complaint is properly detected as a legal remedy or a remedy. It should be borne in mind that the definitive definition arises and is ultimately determined by the position of the constitutional court in the system of state power. Special attention is paid to the attempt to implement the constitutional complaint and the legal order of the Republic of Macedonia. The author through a brief review carries out a critical analysis of the constituent elements of the constitutional complaint that the new one predicts Draft amendment to amend the Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia. Particular attention is drawn to paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Draft Amendment XXXIX from the aspect of the negative impact they perform on the position of the Constitutional Court, displacing it from the primary base with the implementation and the regular appeal.
The legal regulation of arbitration in Kosovo, with special emphasis on the insurance policy
Authors: Qehaja Rustem , Ahmeti Armend
Published: November 2018

The subject around which this study is conducted relates to arbitration, as a method or alternative way of resolving disputes from the insurance policy. The topic discussed in this paper is of particular importance because industry respectively insurance activity represents a rather delicate activity, which wakes up considerably the interest of citizens, because through insurance they secure the most basic goods such as life, wealth, and so on. During the course of this study, I have focused on the provisions of various laws covering the insurance sector such as the Law no. 04/L-077 on Obligations, Law no. 05/L-045 on Insurance, etc., as well as in the legislation, which covers the field of arbitration, respectively in the Law no. 02/L-75 on Arbitration of the Republic of Kosovo. The settlement of disputes by the insurance policy between the parties through arbitration, gives this subject a specific character, because the use of arbitration in this field, is not studied and analyzed as much as is necessary. The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with general knowledge on arbitration as an alternative way of resolving disputes between the parties to the insurance.
Role action embeddings: scalable representation of network positions
Authors: Berry George
Published: November 2018

We consider the question of embedding nodes with similar local neighborhoods together in embedding space, commonly referred to as "role embeddings." We propose RAE, an unsupervised framework that learns role embeddings. It combines a within-node loss function and a graph neural network (GNN) architecture to place nodes with similar local neighborhoods close in embedding space. We also propose a faster way of generating negative examples called neighbor shuffling, which quickly creates negative examples directly within batches. These techniques can be easily combined with existing GNN methods to create unsupervised role embeddings at scale. We then explore role action embeddings, which summarize the non-structural features in a node’s neighborhood, leading to better performance on node classification tasks. We find that the model architecture proposed here provides strong performance on both graph and node classification tasks, in some cases competitive with semi-supervised methods.
Identification of dropout predictors to a community-based physical activity programme that uses motivational interviewing
Authors: Wade Matthew , Brown Nicola , Dancy Bernadette , Mann Steven , Gissane Conor , Majumdar Anne
Published: November 2018

Background: Participant dropout reduces intervention effectiveness. Predicting dropout has been investigated for Exercise Referral Schemes, but not physical activity (PA) interventions with Motivational Interviewing (MI). Methods: Data from attendees (n=619) to a community-based PA programme utilising MI techniques were analysed using a chi-squared test to determine dropout and attendance group differences. Binary logistic regression investigated the likelihood of dropout before 12-weeks. Results: 44.7% of participants dropped out, with statistical (P<0.05) differences between groups for age, PA, and disability. Regression for each variable showed participants aged 61-70 years (OR=0.28, CI=0.09 to 0.79; P=0.018), >70 years (OR=0.30, CI=0.09 to 0.90; P=0.036), and high PA (OR=0.40, CI=0.20 to 0.75; P=0.006) reduced dropout likelihood. Endocrine system disorders (OR=4.24, CI=1.19 to 19.43; P=0.036) and musculoskeletal disorders (OR=3.14, CI=1.84 to 5.45; P<0.001) increased dropout likelihood. Significant variables were combined in a single regression model. Dropout significantly reduced for 61-70 year olds (OR=0.31, CI=0.10 to 0.90; P=0.035), and high PA (OR=0.39, CI=0.19 to 0.76; P=0.008). Musculoskeletal disorders increased dropout (OR=2.67, CI=1.53 to 4.75; P<0.001). Conclusions: Age, PA, and disability type significantly influence dropout at 12-weeks. These are the first results specific to MI based programmes indicating the inclusion of MI and highlighting the need for further research.
SPECTRUM OF PERFORATION PERITONITIS IN WESTERN NEPAL
Authors: Poudel Rajesh , Shah Santosh , Chandra Kailash , Pradhan Saroj , Joshi Pravin
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Despite advances in surgical technique, antimicrobial therapy and perioperative care morbidity and mortality in perforated peritonitis is still high.   Aim of this study was to highlight the clinical presentation, intra operative findings and postoperative complications and mortality among patient who has undergone emergency surgery for perforated peritonitis in tertiary care center in western Nepal.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairawha, Nepal. All patients who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy for perforated peritonitis in one year period (from April 2014 to March 2015) were included in the study.Results: Total 90 cases met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Most common presenting symptom was pain abdomen. Pneumoperitoneum was seen in 86 (95.6%) patients. Most common site of perforation was prepyloric perforation followed by duodenum. Most common cause of perforation was Acid peptic disease. Most common surgical procedure performed was Omentopexy. There were total of 11 (12.2%)mortality.Conclusion: The spectrum of perforation peritonitis in our study differs from western countries whereas it is similar to that of other research from Indian subcontinent. Majority of perforations are noticed in the duodenum and stomach due to acid-peptic disease and small bowel typhoid followed by trauma. Overall mortality was seen in 12.2%.Journal of Universal College of Medical ScienceVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 11-13
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA AMONG NURSES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL, RUPANDEHI, NEPAL
Authors: Ghimire Sulochana , Neupane Srijana
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent and severe infection acquired in the intensive care unit, leading to prolonged mechanical ventilation and excess mortality. This study has been conducted to find out the knowledge regarding prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among nurses.Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the knowledge regarding prevention of VAP among nurses. Fifty one respondents working in different intensive care areas (ICU, CCU, NICU and PICU) of Universal College of Medical Sciences - Teaching Hospital were selected as the study sample by using census method.  Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data and collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software version 16.Results: The findings of the study revealed that 41.2% and 86.2% of the respondents had knowledge regarding meaning and causative agent of VAP respectively. The mean percentage of risk factors of VAP and VAP bundle were 86.2 and 61.3 respectively. About 37% of the respondents had knowledge regarding oral care with chlorhexidine, 86.3% had knowledge that ventilator circuit should be changed for every new patient and 39.2% of the respondents had knowledge that closed suction system prevents VAP. The findings of the study revealed that 49.1% of the respondents had high knowledge and 7.8% had average knowledge. There was no statistically significant association between respondents' level of knowledge regarding prevention of VAP with respondents' working experience (p=O.493) and qualification (p=O.459).Conclusion: Based on the study findings, it is concluded that almost half of the respondents have high knowledge regarding prevention of VAP. Besides this, respondents have high knowledge regarding VAP (meaning, causative agent, risk factors, principles and complications) and VAP prevention by positioning, airway humidification and suctioning and low knowledge is found on component of VAP bundle, oral care to reduce   VAP and ideal cuff pressure of endotracheal tube.Journal of Universal College of Medical SciencesVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 27-31
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME: THE CURRENT STATUS
Authors: Shrestha Manisha , Kumar Anand
Published: November 2018

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a frequent and serious problem faced by clinicians in day to day practice and is a major factor of intensive care morbidity and mortality. The American College of Chest Physicians and the American Society of Critical Care Medicine in 1991 published definitions and criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome.  Since then many researches have been undertaken  to better understand the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and to determine the accuracy of its diagnostic criteria. The criteria set by the 1991 consensus  is still popularly  used  today. However,  with  the current  knowledge   on this matter many researchers have put forward the need of refinement in the criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome defined by 1991 consensus. This article aims to review  the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis,  treatment and the current views regarding SIRS.Journal of Universal College of Medical SciencesVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 56-61
PEDIATRIC PYOGENIC SACROILIITIS: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Shrestha Bipan , Shrestha Kishor Man , Pandey Alok
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Pyogenic sacroiliitis accounts for 12% of all cases of septic arthritis with less than 200 cases reported in the English literature since the beginning of the twentieth century. Considerable delay between presentation and diagnosis is seen because of unusual presentation and diagnostic dilemma. Cultures of joint fluid usually grow Staphylococcus aureus. Magnetic resonance imaging has been found to be the most useful imaging modality in diagnosis. Being very uncommon disease in children, the key to successful management is early diagnosis in which computed tomography (CT), bone scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings play a crucial role. If the diagnosis is established promptly, most patients can be managed successfully with antimicrobial therapy with excellent prognosis. Most reported cases required prolonged antimicrobial therapy of six to nine weeks. Presented here is a child with pyogenic sacroiliitis managed at our hospital (Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital-UCMSTH) and review of the literature on this relatively rare diagnosis. Journal of Universal College of Medical SciencesVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 62-65
Patterns of Macular Edema in Uveitis as Diagnosed by Optical Coherence Tomography in Tertiary Eye Center
Authors: Gupta Sharad , Shah Dev Narayan , Joshi Sagun Narayan , Aryal Manoj , Puri Lila Raj
Published: November 2018

Aim: The aim of the study is to classify the patterns of uveitic macular edema using Optical Coherence Tomography as a diagnostic tool.Methodology: It is the Descriptive, cross-sectional study. All patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria with Optical coherence tomography diagnosed macular edema were enrolled from 1 January 2012 to 30 June 2013. Patterns of uveitic macular edema were classified.Results: A total of 65 eyes of 47 patients were included. Twenty eight (59.57%) were male. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean age was 38 years (SD 14.68). Twenty nine patients (61.71%) had unilateral involvement and 18 (38.29%) had bilateral involvement. Forty five eyes of 33 cases (69.23%, 70.21%) had intermediate uveitis, followed by 10 eyes of 7 cases (15.38, 14.9%) of posterior uveitis, 6 eyes of 5 cases (9.23%, 10.63 %) of anterior uveitis and 4 eyes of 2 cases (6.16%,4.2%) of pan-uveitis. Patterns of macular edema were classified: diff use macular edema (DME), cystoid macular edema (CME) and serous retinal detachment (SRD) of which 35 (53.84%) eyes had CME. The etiological diagnosis was found in 7(14.90 %) out of 47 patients.Conclusion: A significant percentage of cases were idiopathic. Macular edema may go unnoticed unless OCT is performed. Macular detachment is an important feature of macular edema that affects visual acuity and is not readily detected by Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is safe and non-invasive technique and has the potential for measuring changes in retinal thickness and axial extent of edema.
Clinical characteristics and visual outcome, prognostic factor, visual acuity and globe survival in posterior segment intraocular foreign body at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology
Authors: Sharma Sanjita , Thapa Raba , Bajimaya Sanyam , Pradhan Eli , Poudyal Govinda
Published: November 2018

Purpose: To evaluate clinical characteristics, visual outcomes and globe survival after intraocular foreign body removal from posterior segment via pars plana approach. Methods: A hospital based retrospective study. All the patients of penetrating eye injury with intraocular foreign body in posterior segment as detected by computed tomography were enrolled from 2012 to 2014.Results: Thirty patients of 30 eyes were included. The mean age was 27.7 years. (2-52). Twenty-four (80%) were male. Out of 30 eyes 19 (63.3%) eyes had injury at Zone 1 and 11 (36.7%) eyes had injury at Zone 2. The mean time spent between primary repair following surgery and intra ocular foreign body removal, was 15.47 days. Retinal detachment and endophthalmitis prior to intraocular foreign body removal was present in 9/30 of eyes. We looked for correlation between post operative Phthisis bulbi with zone of injury and pre operative endophthalmitis and preoperative retinal detachment. However, p value for the above correlation was more than 0.552 and 0.815 respectively, which was statistically not significant.Conclusions: The eyes with posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies showing clinical features of preoperative endophthalmitis, retinal detachment and the zone of injury also did not have any direct significance with globe survival.
Cysticercosis Masquerading as Lipo–Dermoid
Authors: Sekar Mridhula , Shanbhag Nita Umesh , Sahana N
Published: November 2018

Cysticercosis is caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium (Pork tape worm). Humans are the definitive hosts where the life cycle is completed and pig is the intermediate host. Incidence in India varies from 2-38% based on the consumption of pork, general hygiene and socio-economic status of the population. The parasite on reaching the small intestine encysts itself in various tissues. Most commonly Brain, Eyes, subcutaneous tissue. Intravitreal cyst is the commonest intra ocular presentation. Death of the parasite and release of the contents of the cyst causes an intense inflammatory reaction that can be devastating. We report the condition in a nine-year-old boy who presented with mild right upper lid swelling wherein cysticercus cellulosae cyst was found within the mass of the right lateral rectus muscle. It becomes important to report this case because of the unusual site of the cyst which masqueraded as a lipo-dermoid.
Scleral Buckling and Corneal Topography in a Rare Case of Keratoconus with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in an Indian Patient
Authors: Kalpana B N , Shilpa Y D , Prabhakar Sneha Priya , Prakash S M Ram , Hemalatha B C , Ravi B , Devaru Sheetal
Published: November 2018

Background: Management of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) in keratoconus could be challenging in various aspects. Visualisation of fundus due to altered reflex along with axial myopia could pose difficulty while performing pars plana vitrectomy. Our patient underwent Scleral Buckling with good anatomical results. We came across an isolated case of Keratoconus with Retinal detachment without any pre existing comorbidities unlike earlier reports where patients with history of atopic dermatitis had Keratoconus associated with RRD. The main purpose was to know the outcome of scleral buckling and its effect on corneal topography in a case of keratoconus with RRD.Case: A 35 year old female presented with diminution of vision in both eyes since childhood, but more so in the right eye (RE) since last 6 months. She was aphakic with VA of 1/60 and 2/60 in the right and left eye respectively. She was diagnosed as both eyes keratoconus with RE near total rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with sub retinal gliosis. She gave no history of vigorous eye rubbing or atopic dermatitis. For RE she underwent uneventful scleral buckling surgery.Observation: In post operative follow up, the retina was attached. Placido based corneal topography was done pre operatively with keratometry reading of RE – K1 62.79@96º, K2 – 55.92@6˚ and repeated at the end of three months follow up with readings of RE – K1-61.45@98˚, K2- 54.50@ 8˚. There were minimal changes in the keratometry values post operatively with flattening of vertical meridian and horizontal meridian.Conclusion: In keratoconus, RD can occur without any predisposed or preceding condition. Although majority of cases are associated with atopic dermatitis and eye rubbing. Scleral buckling (SB) was successful with good functional and anatomical outcome., however it has minimal effect on corneal topography.
Social and Political Theatre in 21st-Century Britain: Staging Crisis
Authors: Harvie Jen
Published: November 2018

This book analyses twenty-first-century plays by nine influential British writers – Caryl Churchill, Mike Bartlett, Dennis Kelly, Duncan Macmillan, Nick Payne, Martin Crimp, Simon Stephens, debbie tucker green, and Lucy Prebble – in the context of contemporary social crises, particularly economic crises – and finds reasons to be hopeful.
Aesthetic Citizenship: Immigration and Theater in Twenty-First-Century Paris
Authors: Sahakian Emily
Published: November 2018

A meticulously contextualized ethnography of theatre, addressing and intervening in political struggles surrounding immigration in Paris, beginning in the 1970s and focused on the early twenty-first century. For French artists, theatre offers humanitarian witnessing and a path to French national belonging. The book’s analyses reveal the idealism and ambivalence of French republicanism.
Performing the Intercultural City
Authors: Magnat Virginie
Published: November 2018

Performing the Intercultural City explores how contemporary intercultural performance in Toronto exemplifies creative forms of resistance to state-prescribed versions of cultural diversity within the context of Canada’s official policy of multiculturalism. Target audiences include theatre/performance studies scholars, students, and practitioners as well as researchers working across the arts, humanities, and social sciences.
La atención primaria de salud y la salud materno infantil
Authors: Tavera Salazar Mario
Published: November 2018

La estrategia Atención Primaria de la Salud introdujo conceptos que buscaron revolucionar la forma como se aspiraba lograr la Salud para Todos a nivel global. La declaración de Alma Ata fue un preludio de iniciativas y planes globales que buscaron comprometer a los Estados y a la sociedad en alcanzar el acceso a la salud con equidad. La Cumbre de Acción por la Infancia y la Reunión del Milenio, en la que se acordó las metas de salud a lograr el año 2015, estuvieron inspiradas en los conceptos incluidos en la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Si bien es cierto, los propósitos que subyacían a los postulados recogidos en Alma Ata no fueron alcanzados, sí hubo notables progresos en aspectos relacionados con la salud Materno Infantil. La Atención Primaria Selectiva de la Salud, inspiró la llamada ‘Revolución por la Supervivencia Infantil’, que identificó las principales causas de las 15 millones muertes en niños, que se registraban a nivel global a inicios de la década de los años 80 del siglo pasado, así como las intervenciones sencillas, de bajo costo y basadas en la evidencia que habían mostrado ser efectivas en la prevención de esta ‘emergencia silenciosa’ que representaban las muertes infantiles evitables. Producto de estas intervenciones relacionadas con la salud infantil y la posterior inclusión de intervenciones para la prevención de las 500 000 muertes maternas evitables que registraba el mundo a inicios del presente siglo, se ha logrado notables progresos a nivel global en estos propósitos. El Perú fue uno de los países de las Américas que mostró mayores progresos en la reducción de la mortalidad materna y en la niñez. El presente artículo busca encontrar una explicación de las intervenciones y procesos que permitieron estos logros a nivel global y en el Perú, inspirados en los postulados propuestos por la estrategia de la Atención Primaria de la Salud.
Laparoscopia en cáncer de endometrio
Authors: Zevallos Albert
Published: November 2018

El estadiaje quirúrgico es esencial en el manejo de las pacientes con cáncer de endometrio aparentemente confinado al útero. La cirugía mínimamente invasiva (CMI) con su enfoque laparoscópico convencional o más recientemente mediante robótica asistida por laparoscopia se han convertido en el estándar de manejo gracias a sus ventajas en cuanto a pérdida sanguínea, estancia hospitalaria y calidad de vida en comparación a la laparotomía. La linfadenectomía pélvica y paraaórtica como parte del estadiaje quirúrgico es determinante del pronóstico y marca la pauta del tratamiento adyuvante; y aunque aún es controversial en cuanto a su valor terapéutico, es factible mediante CMI. La realización del ganglio centinela con menores compliaciones intraoperatorias y morbilidad postoperatoria puede ser considerada como una alternativa a la linfadenectomía, sobretodo teniendo en cuenta el valor agregado de permitir detectar enfermedad ganglionar metastásica de bajo volumen mediante inmunohistoquimica.
Trombosis venosa profunda de miembro inferior en gestante del primer trimestre. Reporte de caso
Authors: Ramírez-Calderón Fanny , Vásquez-Alva Rolando , Lazo-Gordillo Denys E. , Zamora-Chávez Sara C.
Published: November 2018

El tromboembolismo venoso representa una causa importante de morbimortalidad materna con incidencia de 0,5 a 2,2 de 1 000 embarazos. Las mujeres embarazadas presentan un riesgo incrementado en 5 veces respecto de las no embarazadas, siendo la segunda causa de muerte en dicha población. Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 27 años, gestante de 11 semanas, sin antecedentes de importancia, quien ingresó a Emergencia por presentar 24 horas dolor e incremento de volumen de extremidad inferior, además de impotencia funcional a la marcha. Se realizó ecografía Doppler venosa de extremidades inferiores, encontrándose trombosis venosa profunda de miembro inferior izquierdo. Se discute el diagnóstico y manejo de la trombosis venosa profunda durante la gestación, la necesidad del reconocimiento oportuno que puede no ser clara.
Micosis fungoide en vulva. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Monzón Castillo Eli Pedro , Tejada Martínez Gabriel , Oliva García Ana Belen
Published: November 2018

La micosis fungoide es una neoplasia maligna originada en los linfocitos T. Usualmente inicia con la aparición de manchas planas o estadio de mancha. Con el correr de los años, las lesiones van siendo infiltrantes, apareciendo las placas o estadio de placas. Presentamos a un paciente de sexo femenino de 50 años con hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos de micosis fungoide en estadio eritematoso o manchas a nivel de vulva.
¿Qué se conoce sobre el futuro de la madre y el niño en el parto prematuro?
Authors: Pacheco-Romero José
Published: November 2018

En el ambiente médico se conoce que algunas complicaciones de la gestación traen consigo futuras enfermedades metabólicas, endoteliales, renales y neoplásicas en la madre y en el niño. Este es el caso del parto pretérmino, en el que predominan los riesgos de enfermedad cardiovascular y cerebrovascular, hipertensión, diabetes mellitus y muerte prematura, entre otros, que deben ser considerados cuando se atiende un parto adelantado en el tiempo –espontáneo o indicado-, el que debe llevarnos a sugerir a la madre y su hijo que en su vida futura deberán tener un manejo preventivo en su salud por médicos especialistas en las enfermedades crónicas mencionadas.
SCIENTIA SANCTITATI SUBALTERNATA. ŚWIĘTOŚĆ W TEOLOGII JAKO KULTURZE WIARY WEDŁUG JOSEPHA RATZINGERA/BENEDYKTA XVI
Authors: Szymik Jerzy
Published: November 2018

Tożsamość teologii jako scientiae fidei konstytuuje – poza ściśle naukowym instrumentarium – doświadczenie duchowe, które z kolei implikuje ścisłe, wieloaspektowe powiązanie teologii ze świętością. W teologii współczesnej relację teologia–świętość akcentował w sposób szczególny H.U. von Balthasar. Podobnie J. Ratzinger/Benedykt XVI z eklezjalnego doświadczenia świętości wyciąga konsekwencje metodologiczne i postrzega świętość jako zasadniczą kategorię metateologiczną oraz hermeneutyczną. Jedynie świętość, rozumiana jako przebywanie w orbicie Bożej miłości, umożliwia teologiczne poznanie. Dlatego doświadczenie świętych jest koniecznym punktem odniesienia i kryterium poprawności wszelkiej teologicznej refleksji. W tym sensie teologia jest podporządkowana (podrzędna) świętości – sanctitati subalternata, zarówno w wymiarze indywidualnym (postawa teologa), jak i eklezjalnym (teologia jako nauka zakorzeniona w Kościele). Tak rozumiana i uprawiana teologia staje się zarazem doksologią, nauką oddającą chwałę Bogu.
KOŚCIÓŁ NA ZACHODZIE A SZACHY, CZYLI SACRUM I PROFANUM W GRZE KRÓLEWSKIEJ
Authors: Kowalczyk Dariusz
Published: November 2018

Gry są elementem kultury, a zarazem jednym z jej źródeł. Wśród gier szczególne miejsce zajmują szachy, zwane grą królewską. Ich długa historia splotła się z historią Kościoła zachodniego, szczególnie w okresie od XI do XVI w. Z jednej strony nie brakuje kościelnych orzeczeń potępiających grę w szachy, jako że łączyła się ona niekiedy z hazardem, a ponadto zabierała czas, odwodząc od obowiązków. Z drugiej strony duchowni, w tym biskupi i papieże, z pasją w szachy grywali, widząc w nich nie tylko szlachetną rozrywkę, ale także metaforę losu jednostek i społecznego ładu. W XI w. kardynał Piotr Damiani surowo ocenił grę w szachy w liście do papieża Aleksandra II. Potępiali spędzanie czasu na grach, w tym na grze w szachy, wybitni kaznodzieje, jak Bernardyn ze Sieny i Hieronim Savonarola. W tym samym jednak okresie powstało wiele moralitetów szachowych, w których królewska gra została uznana za godną poważnych filozoficzno-teologicznych rozważań. Dziełem, które zdobyło największy rozgłos, był traktat De ludo scachorum, autorstwa włoskiego dominikanina Jakuba Cessolisa (zm. ok. 1322). Można przyjąć, że ostateczna rehabilitacja szachów nastąpiła za pontyfikatu papieża Leona X, który sam był zapalonym szachistą. Teresa z Avila, ogłoszona patronką szachistów, w Drodze doskonałości robi analogie pomiędzy grą w szachy a życiem duchowym. Także dziś, choć szachy się „zsekularyzowały” (profanum), bywają one punktem wyjścia do rozważań o człowieku i Bogu (sacrum).
TEMATYKA HAGIOGRAFICZNA I IDEA ŚWIĘTOŚCI STARORUSKIEJ W TWÓRCZOŚCI BORYSA ZAJCEWA
Authors: Kuca Zoja
Published: November 2018

Ideę świętości w twórczości Borysa Zajcewa można rozpatrywać na czterech płaszczyznach semantycznych: 1) świętość jako świętość, tzn. właściwość cechująca Boga i Jego wybrańców, której osiągnięcie jest dla nich możliwe w procesie theosisu (ubóstwienia); 2) świętość jako numinosum, czyli szczególny wymiar transcendencji, wywołujący w psychice ludzkiej określone przeżycia; 3) świętość jako sacrum, czyli wyższa sfera bytu, ontologiczna rzeczywistość, pierwotne realia objawiające się w hierofaniach; 4) świętość jako doskonałość, cnota moralna osiągana przez człowieka w trakcie osobistego rozwoju.Wszystkie te semantyczne płaszczyzny idei świętości obecne są w utworach B. Zajcewa w mniejszym lub większym stopniu. Świętość jako transcendentna właściwość Boga, dostępna w sakramencie theosisu, pojawia się u bohaterów, którzy przechodzą transformację świadomości religijnej. Świętość jako sacrum, w bardziej uogólnionym znaczeniu, również zajmuje istotne miejsce w analizowanych tekstach literackich. Chodzi tu zwłaszcza o sakralizację Rosji przez pryzmat idei Świętej Rusi, ponowne przemyślenie jej podstaw moralnych, przegląd duchowych tradycji. Świętość jako doskonałość człowieka jest obecna w każdym utworze emigracyjnym B. Zajcewa.
HISTORIA SACRA A HISTORIA PROFANA. SZKIC Z TEOLOGII HISTORII
Authors: Rabczyński Paweł
Published: November 2018

Dwudziesty wiek przyniósł niezwykłe ożywienie zainteresowań historią. Widoczne jest zjawisko odnowienia zmysłu historycznego w różnych dziedzinach nauki i kultury. Historia zbawienia (historia sacra) koincyduje z historią świecką, uniwersalną, powszechną (historia profana). Fakt koekstensywności historia sacra i historia profana jest konsekwencją porządku Wcielenia. Nie znaczy to, że należy utożsamiać historię zbawienia z historią czysto ludzką, uniwersalną. Bóg wykorzystuje splot konkretnych wydarzeń historii ogólnej dla objawienia siebie, swej woli i swych planów. Historia uniwersalna jest nie tylko płaszczyzną, na której dokonuje się Objawienie i zbawienie, ale stanowi także medium demonstrationis Objawienia. Bóg bowiem objawił się w historiii przez historię, przez konkretne wydarzenia i słowa. Wykorzystał zwyczajny bieg historii powszechnej dla nadania jej faktom ściśle określonego znaczenia. W ten sposób zamanifestował również swą obecność w świecie. Jezus Chrystus – Wcielony Bóg jest nie tylko początkiem, centrumi wypełnieniem historia sacra, ale również historia profana.
ÖKOLOGISCHE ERZIEHUNG IN DER ENZYKLIKA LAUDATO SI’: KATECHETISCHE IMPLIKATIONEN
Authors: Borda Michał , Ceglarek Roman
Published: November 2018

Die Enzyklika Laudato si’ von Papst Franziskus ist ein wertvolles Dokument, das den aktuellen Wissensstand über die Ökologie widerspiegelt und die Positionen der Kirche zu verschiedenen Aspekten dieser Frage thematisiert. Nach Auffassung des Papstes ist die Katechese ein wichtiger Ort, an dem diese Kenntnisse vermittelt werden sollten. Die Rolle der Katechese hat jedoch über die bloße Weitergabe des Wissens hinauszugehen. Große Bedeutung kommt auch der ökologischen Erziehung der Schüler zu, durch die sich ein angemessener christlicher Lebensstil entwickeln kann, der sich in der Sorge um die natürliche Umwelt und in der Wertschätzung der Welt und ihres Schöpfers ausdrückt. Aus diesem Grund muss die gegenwärtige Katechese die päpstliche Perspektive der so verstandenen Ökologie berücksichtigen und sie in den erzieherischen Prozess integrieren, um reife Persönlichkeiten zu formen, die zum Zusammenleben mit anderen Menschen und mit der Welt der Natur fähig sind und Gott für sein Werk der Schöpfung Dankbarkeit erweisen.
Grzegorz Jacek Pelica, Lampady naszych ścieżek. Bibliograficzny katalog świętych, Lublin 2016, ss. 191
Authors: Sakowicz Eugeniusz
Published: November 2018

Omówienie ksiązki
Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej pt. Życie codzienne na dawnych ziemiach pruskich. Sąsiedztwo (Olsztynek, 15 listopada 2016 r.)
Authors: Jodkowski Marek
Published: November 2018

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej
Nalaz bakterije Escherichia coli u mesnim pripravcima
Authors: Robina Ana , Jurina Kornelija
Published: November 2018

La presenza del batterio Escherichia coli nelle preparazioni di carne

Le preparazioni di carne possono contenere uno o più tipi di carne macinata, oltre ad altri ingredienti, e sono commercializzate più frequentemente con nome di: ćevapčići, pljeskavica o hamburger. Nelle condizioni di produzione e distribuzione di questo genere di prodotti, la contaminazione con il batterio Escherichia coli è sempre possibile. Per accertare la presenza del batterio Escherichia coli, che rappresenta un indicatore comune di contaminazione fecale del cibo, il presente studio ha esaminato 50 campioni di preparazioni di carne. La presenza del batterio è stata accertata in un numero inferiore a 500 cfu/g soltanto nell’8% dei campioni di preparazioni di carne, il che significa che tutti i campioni analizzati nell’ambito di questa ricerca hanno dato risultati che soddisfano i criteri microbiologici prescritti per il cibo.
Evolution of Political Culture in the Balkans States
Authors: Burdiak Vira
Published: November 2018

The author argues that 12 states of the Balkans have a completely different political culture and political processes. First and foremost, these processes are historically predetermined. Even within the Ottoman Empire, the policy of these regions was aimed at "breaking off" from the Ottoman political culture, reducing its impact on the subjects that were part of the empire. Although the Balkans form a single whole, but time has had a different effect on the various participants in the political process. Thus, some modern states are experiencing a crisis typical of the period of the development of national states (Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), others are in the process of creating a modern democratic state, and the third ones are trying to ‘comprehend’ the integration processes. Furthermore, an attractive model of political status can be Bulgaria, which has a stable democratic regime (besides some problems) and the peaceful coexistence of minorities and ethnic communities. The leverage for this should be focused on joint initiatives in the region, on enhancing political cooperation and accelerating the integration mechanisms.

Keywords: The Balkans States, political culture, Bulgaria, integration
The Habsburg Empire at the Liberalization Stage: The Progress of Civil Society
Authors: Zaitseva Zinaida
Published: November 2018

In the article the author determines the formation of a functional correlation between the institutions of civil society and ethnic nationalism in Austria-Hungary. It is established that civil society in the Austro-Hungarian Empire began to form clearly after the democratic reforms of the sixties of the XIX century. It is proved that civil society has undergone stratification in various national and linguistic spaces in the form of educational, scientific, economic, and creative organizations. Civil society on the periphery of the empire has acquired a stable ethno-cultural character.The findings indicate that the acute crisis of identity in Austro-Hungary developed on the basis of two actively functioning sources: the old conflict environment of local historical and state identities and new formations that arose as a result of the cultural and political expansion of ethnic groups belonging to nations that were treated as young and stateless. The problems of economic, social, mental autonomy and cultural coexistence could not receive an authentic representation only in terms of administrative and political decentralization or integration, since in each national-ethnic event they had a spiritual and cultural content and socio-humanitarian content. In the early twentieth century. in Austria-Hungary there was a situation of unstable equilibrium of the composite society, which was characterized by the asynchrony of historical development.The ethnic factor played a dissonant role in the social life of Austria-Hungary. Most ethno-national groups were in different segments of the formation of political nations, in different socio-cultural contexts, which led to difficulties in the formation of classical institutions of civil societies and its formation as homogeneous. The period of modernization of the Austrian empire proved that liberalism and nationalism are historically linked precisely with the principle of people's sovereignty.

Keywords: Austro-Hungarian Empire, multiethnicity, liberalization, civil society, national movements
Concept of Power Decentralization in Political Science and Approaches to its Methodological Study
Authors: Kuzub Halyna
Published: November 2018

The problem of power decentralization is up to date in a modern political science. We can trace its historical genesis first in European and further in the USA political ideas. Decentralization of power was considered along with the study of a perfect state system, civil society and local self-government. It is argued that the major part of successful process of power decentralization in the Western Europe was due to the idea nature for their political culture.

The article attempts to retrace the history of the idea of power decentralization. As a background of the investigations of such thinkers as J. Bodin, J. Althusius, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, C.-L. Montesquieu, R. Owen, C. Fourier, J. S.Mill, T. Jefferson, A. de Tocqueville and M. Dragomanov were thoroughly investigated. The paper also considers the modern definitions of power decentralization. Likewise the value of structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism and constructivism are argued in terms of further surveys of power decentralization.

To conclude, the author opines that civil servants training, their theoretical teaching and moral education have to become the main objectives in perspective investigations. Furthermore, the success of power decentralization depends not only on devoting authority by central government, but also on capacity of its implementation by deputies on the local level.

Keywords: Decentralization of power, deconcentration of power, administrative and political decentralization, classical and non-classical philosophy, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, construc-tivism
Strategic Partnership of the Post-Soviet Countries (Asian Dimension of the Balancing Partnership)
Authors: Ostapiak Vasyl
Published: November 2018

An attempt has been made to analyze the implementation of the strategic partnership in a number of countries in the post-Soviet space, including the countries of the Asian region. The influence of historical, political, and economic imperatives, in particular, the influence of the breakup of the Soviet Union on the formation and implementation of the partnership through deepening of relations with Western countries, China, and Russian Federation, is analyzed. The necessity of further analysis of the strategic partnership of the countries of the Asian space in its geopolitical dimensions is proved. The author noted the need for further analysis of the study of the transformation processes of the post-Soviet countries of Asian space through their, without exaggeration, key influence on the geopolitical processes of the Eurasian region. It is noted that the Asian region is crucial in the process of further transformation of the political processes, which will be implemented taking into account the growth of China's economic indicators.

Keywords: Strategic partnership, post-Soviet countries, Asian region, globalization, the USA, the Russian Federation
Causes of Global Climate Change
Authors: Shevchenko Olena
Published: November 2018

The article deals with modern approaches related to the definition of the global climate change causes. Noteworthy, there are two scientific approaches concerning this issue: some, who believe that global climate change was caused by anthropogenic factors and others, who believe that the cause of this phenomenoncaused by natural factors. It indicates the lack of consensus on the causes of climate change on the planet. The author’s focus also revolves around the existing manifestations of climate change and the global risks that aggravate this process. It has been determined that today, to prevent these risks, it is necessary to develop adaptation programs and mitigate the effects of global climate change on the global, national, local and corporate levels. The practical measures taken by the United Nations, other international organizations, governments, cities and corporations indicate the existence of political will and understanding of the inevitability of changes. To conclude, the author states that the problem of global climate change, being scientific to a great extend, has largely increased in becoming the subject of international political dialogue.

Keywords: Global climate change, global risks, adaptation, mitigation
Russia Media Policy As An Instrumentality Of Political Pressure In Central-Eastern European Countries
Authors: Katerynchuk Pavlo
Published: November 2018

The usage of information as a weapon in foreign and domestic policies of Russia is not a new phenomenon. Still sophistication and intensity of it grows with each passing year. Recently the EU and USA have realized this powerful latent influence of Russian media and propaganda, including electoral processes and activities of State administration. They realized that Russian misinformation poses a serious threat to United States and its European allies, first and foremost with regard to Poland, Baltic States and Ukraine. Moreover, unlike Soviet propaganda, the modern methods of the Russian information war do not rudely promote the agenda of the Kremlin. Instead, they aim to confuse, daze and divert citizens from the EU and Ukraine support. Russia seeks to undermine the support of European values, producing disarray among European allies in order to increase its influence. Ethnic, linguistic, regional, social and historical contradictions and stereotypes are used for this purpose.

As current experience shows, Russian advocacy efforts in Europe make an important part of their hybrid approach to the projection of force. Despite the fact that the crisis in Ukraine for the first time drew the attention of the West to the importance and real meaning of the information campaign in Russia, the Kremlin's use of misinformation was launched long before the crisis. Russia carefully and purposefully prepared an information war against Ukraine. It has been increasing their presence in the information space, and also recruiting and sponsoring (corrupting) a range of politicians, civil servants and public figures in line with its strategic goals.

Keywords: Russian media, media policy, CEE countries, cyber security, Ukraine
Models of Formation of National Countries in Europe: Case-Study of Czechoslovakia
Authors: Fedorchak Tetiana
Published: November 2018

The author is inclined to think, that the process of formation of new type states directly depended on the previous existence in one or another territory halves of the future pair ‘state – standardized culture’, where they were formed before the beginning of industrialization. The process of the emergence of national states was quick and painless, without the adoption of special political decisions and the passage of various stages of cultural homogenization.The in-depth analysis of the peculiarities of the political development of Czechoslovakia indicates that it differs from other CEE states. In the course of the political process, Czechoslovakia ‘out of order’ habitual for many trampled by internal disputes and dismembered among themselves states of this region. But its model can be used in many respects, if not for imitation, then as a dominant paradigm for contemporary or future development in the third millennium.

Keywords: National states, ‘state – standardized culture’, Czechoslovakia, political process, political crises
International relations of the UAR and the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: Fylypovych Liudmyla O.
Published: November 2018

1995 became decisive for Ukrainian religious studies in its breakthrough in the world arena. About the Ukrainian Association of Religious Studies (UAR) learned in many countries. She has been in contact with well-known international religious scholarships, for example, the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion (SSSR), the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief (IAFRB), the International Association of History the International Association for the History of Religions (IAHR), the New York Academy of Sciences, and others.
Tenth Anniversary of the History of Religion in Ukraine
Authors: Kolodnyi Anatolii  M.
Published: November 2018

The Ukrainian Association of Religious Studies together with the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine began writing this fundamental work. This will not only be the history of the church or denominations, but the religious process in our native lands. Thematic content of the ten-volume is as follows: 1. Religions of the pre-Christian age; 2. Ukrainian Orthodoxy; 3. Orthodoxy in Ukraine; 4. Catholicism in the Ukrainian lands; 5. Ukrainian Greek Catholicism; 6-7. Protestantism in Ukraine; 8. Religions of national minorities and indigenous peoples of Ukraine; 9. Non-religion in Ukraine; 10. Religion and church in independent Ukraine.
Specialized doctoral council D 01.25.05 From the specialty 09.00.11 - Religious studies
Authors: Golovaschenko S.
Published: November 2018

The work of the Specialized Academic Council for the defense of theses for the degree of the doctor (candidate) of philosophical, historical and sociological sciences on religious studies continues. The creation of which in the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has been to inform readers on the first issue of this bulletin. During April-September of this year, 6 theses have been defended: five candidates and one doctor's degree.
An expert analysis of the statutes of certain religious organizations operating in Ukraine
Authors: Babiy Mykhailo
Published: November 2018

Ukraine is a multi-confessional state with a wide pluralistic structure of faiths. Over the past five years, the number of religious organizations has grown by one third and now stands at about 18,000 religious communities in more than 70 religious communities.
Materials for the history of the gospel-Baptist movement in Ukraine
Authors: Golovaschenko S. , Kosuha Petro
Published: November 2018

The report is based on the first results of the study "The History of the Evangelical Christians-Baptists in Ukraine", carried out in 1994-1996 by the joint efforts of the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Odessa Theological Seminary of Evangelical Christian Baptists. A large-scale description and research of archival sources on the history of evangelical movements in our country gave the first experience of fruitful cooperation between secular and church researchers.
Christian editions for children in Ukraine (1917 - 1929)
Authors: Marchenko N.
Published: November 2018

The Ukrainian book for children of this period and date remains little investigated link of domestic book science. Somewhere she is actually excluded from the scientific circle. In particular, in the realm of religious studies studios. And here it is indicated a number of promising areas of scientific research.