bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Licitação do “GÁS DE XISTO”: Carta aberta à Excelentíssima Senhora Presidenta Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Rocha Gerôncio Albuquerque , Hirata Ricardo César Aoki , Scheibe Luiz Fernando
Published: July 2017

A Agência Nacional do Petróleo – ANP - anunciou a decisão de incluir o chamado gás de xisto na próxima licitação, em outubro, de campos de gás natural em bacias sedimentares brasileiras. Com todo o respeito e admiração, vimos recorrer a Vossa Excelência no sentido de excluir do edital esse tipo especial de jazida, dando um prazo de governo, da ordem de cinco anos, após o qual seja tomada uma decisão estratégica sobre a conveniência de explorar gás de xisto no Brasil. Os motivos e justificativas para isto podem ser assim resumidos: O anúncio da ANP da intenção de explorar gás de xisto é intempestivo e não foi antecedido de qualquerconsulta pública, discussão ou diálogo com a comunidade técnica e científica do País. Está na contramão da transparência administrativa e dos princípios democráticos do próprio Governo.
A brief history of scientific ocean drilling programs / Breve história dos programas científicos
Authors: Passow Michael , Pereira Hélder , Peart Leslie
Published: July 2017

Recentemente, o Brasil aderiu ao Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, que realiza expedições científicas em todo o mundo. Isso permitiu que cientistas brasileiros pudessem participar na exploração do fundo do oceano nas imediações de uma fossa oceânica ao largo da Costa Rica. A perfuração do fundo do oceano para fins científicos foi proposta pela primeira vez em 1957 e começou na década de 60 do século XX. Em 1968, naquela que foi apenas a sua terceira expedição, o “Glomar Challenger” recuperou amostras de rochas e sedimentos dos dois lados da dorsal média-oceânica no Atlântico Sul, e revelou a expansão dos fundos oceânicos. Antes da capacidade de perfurar o fundo do oceano a grandes profundidades, os cientistas apenas tinham à sua disposição testemunhos obtidos com amostradores de tipo “pistão”. Os microfósseis obtidos a partir desses testemunhos têm permitido fazer muitas descobertas sobre as oscilações climáticas da Terra. Nas expedições realizadas atualmente pelo “JOIDES Resolution”, pelo “Chikyu”, e pelas plataformas de perfuração das missões específicas, continuam a surgir descobertas impressionantes que têm contribuído para melhorar a compreensão da história geológica do nosso planeta. Nos últimos anos, vários educadores têm acompanhado os cientistas durante as expedições, e criaram vários materiais educativos e de divulgação destinadas a estudantes e ao público em geral.
A contribuição do cotidiano escolar para a prática de atividades investigativas no ensino de solos
Authors: Falconi Simone , Toledo Maria Cristina Motta de , Cazetta Valéria
Published: July 2017

Estudos na área de ensino de ciências revelam que as atividades investigativas exercem papel significativo na aprendizagem, tanto de alunos, quanto de professores. Este trabalho avalia atividades investigativas na formação continuada de professores nas escolas de São Paulo, a partir de dois pressupostos: (1) o ensino de solos é dificultado em área urbana, onde ele está normalmente encoberto; (2) atividades investigativas são essenciais para ensino de solos. Durante trabalho prévio com professores, constatamos que eles modificam as atividades sugeridas pelos pesquisadores de Educação, ao implementá-las em sala de aula. Para entender melhor como tais saberes se mesclam cotidianamente nas escolas, realizamos novo estudo com professores da 4ª série (atual 5º ano) do Ensino Fundamental em escola pública paulista. Os resultados mostram que as atividades investigativas favoreceram a aprendizagem dos alunos sobre o conteúdo solos, tanto na aquisição de habilidades científicas, como no desenvolvimento de oralidade e capacidade de redação. Transformou-se a relação com o conhecimento acerca do solo, que se tornou elemento formativo para alunos e professores. Além disso, as atividades desencadearam o ensino por temáticas, rompendo a fragmentação do conhecimento e tecendo conhecimento em rede.
A água nos processos modeladores do relevo no domínio tropical: um mapa conceitual
Authors: Aranha Luciana Serelli Macedo , Souza Carla Juscélia de Oliveira
Published: July 2017

O mapa conceitual é um recurso didático favorável ao ensino e a aprendizagem, pois sua estrutura e organização permitem representar a rede de conexão estabelecida entre processos, condições e formas de relevo. O trabalho apresenta, por meio de um mapa conceitual, processos geomorfológicos relacionados à ação da água em ambiente tropical. O mapa foi elaborado para alunos de geografia, em formação acadêmica, dadas as dificuldades por eles apresentadas na compreensão de alguns conceitos e na elaboração de raciocínios comuns à Geomorfologia. Apesar de simplificado, se comparado com a complexidade do real, o mapa conceitual proposto possibilita a compreensão da noção de processo e sistema; permite identificar o papel da água no ambiente tropical, a noção de erosão, de intemperismo, de recurso hídrico e de formas de relevo. Cada aluno ou leitor interessado no tema apresentado pode elaborar seu próprio mapa conceitual, ao modificar, reduzir ou ampliar o modelo apresentado.
Percepções de extensionistas rurais sobre educação alimentar e nutricional
Authors: Oliveira Nádia Rosana Fernandes , Jaime Patricia Constante
Published: July 2017

Trata-se de estudo com abordagem qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi analisar a percepção de extensionistas rurais sobre a educação alimentar e nutricional (EAN) em sua prática de trabalho. A compreensão e a estrutura de significações da EAN foram visualizadas sob três eixos: reconhecimento e não reconhecimento da EAN; a EAN como um dos temas da dimensão “social”; a EAN como sinônimo de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional.
Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology
Authors: Mcgonigle Andrew J.S. , Pering Tom D. , Wilkes Thomas C. , Tamburello Giancarlo , D’Aleo Roberto , Bitetto Marcello , Aiuppa Alessandro
Published: July 2017

Ultraviolet imaging has been applied in volcanology over the last ten years or so. This provides considerably higher temporal and spatial resolution volcanic gas emission rate data than available previously, enabling the volcanology community to investigate a range of far faster plume degassing processes, than achievable hitherto. To date this has covered rapid oscillations in passive degassing through conduits and lava lakes, as well as puffing and explosions, facilitating exciting connections to be made for the first time between previously rather separate sub disciplines of volcanology. Firstly, there has been corroboration between geophysical and degassing datasets at ≈ 1 Hz expediting more holistic investigations of volcanic source-process behaviour. Secondly, there has been the combination of surface observations of gas release, with fluid dynamic models (numerical, mathematical and laboratory) for gas flow in conduits, in attempts to link subterranean driving flow processes to surface activity types. There has also been considerable research and development concerning the technique itself, covering error analysis and most recently adaptation of smartphone sensors for this application, to deliver gas fluxes at a significantly lower instrumental price point than possible previously. At this decadal juncture in the application of UV imaging in volcanology, this article provides an overview of what has been achieved to date as well as a forward look to potential future research directions, in particular covering the first use of UV cameras to generate volcanic gas composition ratio imagery.
Role of MOSFETs Transconductance Parameters and Threshold Voltage in CMOS Inverter Behavior in DC Mode
Authors: Zabeli Milaim , Caka Nebi , Limani Myzafere , Kabashi Qamil
Published: July 2017

The objective of this paper is to research the impact of electrical and physical parameters that characterize the complementary MOSFET transistors (NMOS and PMOS transistors) in the CMOS inverter for static mode of operation. In addition to this, the paper also aims at exploring the directives that are to be followed during the design phase of the CMOS inverters that enable designers to design the CMOS inverters with the best possible performance, depending on operation conditions. The CMOS inverter designed with the best possible features also enables the designing of the CMOS logic circuits with the best possible performance, according to the operation conditions and designers’ requirements.
Special Issue on Resilience Science and Resilience Engineering to Enhance Resilience in Shikoku Region of Japan
Authors: Kaneda Yoshiyuki , Isouchi Chikako
Published: July 2017

Japan has one of the highest levels of seismicity in the world. In the last few decades, Japan has been the site of many destructive earthquakes, such as the 1995 Kobe earthquake, 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake, 2004 Chuetsu earthquake, 2007 Chuetsu-oki earthquake, and 2016 Kumamoto earthquake/Tottori-chubu earthquakes.

Furthermore, we need to take disaster mitigation countermeasures in preparation for the next Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake, Tokyo earthquake, etc. Disaster countermeasures against these earthquakes will be of vital importance to Japanese society in the future. As a specific example, if and when the next Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake strikes, it will cause widespread and compound disasters on the island of Shikoku and in southwestern Japan in general. The prefectures of Kagawa, Tokushima, Kochi, and Ehime are all on the island of Shikoku, yet the damages that a future Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake will cause are predicted to be quite different in each prefecture. Therefore, in preparing disaster mitigation strategies for the coming Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake, these four prefectures and the distinguished universities involved in disaster mitigation research and education in them must be united in collaboration while making the best use of the individual characteristics of the prefectures and universities. Specifically, in terms of disaster mitigation preparations, universities on Shikoku have to develop and advance resilience science as it relates to upcoming disasters from a Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake, inland earthquakes, typhoons, floods, etc. In this special issue, many significant research papers from the fields of engineering, geoscience, and the social sciences by researchers from distinguished universities on the island of Shikoku focus on resilience science. We must apply their findings to society, putting them into practice to mitigate potential damages from any future natural events.
District Continuity Plans for Large-Scale Disaster Coordination: Case Study in Kagawa District
Authors: Isouchi Chikako ,   Institute of Education, Research and Regional Cooperation for Crisis Management Shikoku (IECMS), Kagawa University 1-1 Saiwai-cho, Takamatsu 760-8521, Japan
Published: July 2017

To deal with large-scale disasters, it is necessary to maintain important community functions. One way to achieve this goal is through strategic collaboration with local organizations to ensure district continuity in the aftermath of disaster. It is therefore necessary for local organizations to form a consensus in order to draft measures for the reduction of disaster damage, enabling each organization to act strategically in a post-disaster situation. These measures taken together are called a district continuity plan (DCP).

In this paper, the concept of district continuity is defined as a BCP method. The utility of this method is clarified through two case studies. The Kagawa DCP focuses on a possible future Nankai Trough earthquake, and the Basin DCP against large-scale flooding is based on the DCP concept.
Resilience Efforts in the Kochi Prefecture in Preparation for the Nankai Trough Earthquake
Authors: Hara Tadashi ,   Center for Disaster Prevention Promotion, Kochi University Otsu 200, Monobe, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
Published: July 2017

For the purposes of disaster prevention and disaster mitigation against the upcoming Nankai Trough Earthquake, various efforts are being carried out. The undertaking is on the basis of lessons learned from the experience of the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku and other disasters. In the Kochi Prefecture, where serious damage is expected, significant effort is being directed towards preparing social infrastructure countermeasures for the earthquake and, particularly, the tsunami. This paper focuses on the efforts towards local resilience being made in the Kochi Prefecture and discusses new disaster-prevention countermeasures with respect to sea dikes, liquefaction, and tsunami fires.
A Study on Flood Forecasting in the Upper Indus Basin Considering Snow and Glacier Meltwater
Authors: Liu Tong , Tsuda Morimasa , Iwami Yoichi ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) under the auspices of UNESCO, Public Works Research Institute 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan,   Public Works Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Government, Nakagaki, Japan
Published: July 2017

This study considered glacier and snow meltwater by using the degree–day method with ground-based air temperature and fractional glacier/snow cover to simulate discharge at Skardu, Partab Bridge (P. Bridge), and Tarbela Dam in the Upper Indus Basin during the monsoon season, from the middle of June to the end of September. The optimum parameter set was determined and validated in 2010 and 2012. The simulated discharge with glaciermelt and snowmelt could capture the variations of the observed discharge in terms of peak volume and timing, particularly in the early monsoon season. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily and eight-day snow cover products were applied and recommended with proper settings for application. This study also investigated the simulations with snow packs instead of daily snow cover, which was found to approach the maximum magnitude of observed discharge even from the uppermost station, Skardu.

This study estimated the glacier and snow meltwater contribution at Skardu, Partab Bridge, and Tarbela as 43.2–65.2%, 22.0–29.3%, and 6.3–19.9% of average daily discharge during the monsoon season, respectively. In addition, this study evaluated the main source of simulation discrepancies and concluded that the methodology proposed in the study worked well with proper precipitation.
Crude Oil Properties Elucidation Using Fingerprinting Technique
Authors: Ibemere Uche , Mmata Bella , Onyekonwu Mike
Published: July 2017

Crude oil fingerprint analysis is an investigative technique which can be employed during exploration and production to yield useful geochemical parameters, needed by the geologist, production engineer and oil spill management specialist. This analysis can give clues on depositional environment, thermal maturity, oil biodegradation and even aid production allocation.

In this work ten crude oil samples from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria were analyzed. The analysis was done with Gas Chromatographic instrument equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and HP-PONA capillary column. The standard method used was based on ASTM D2887. In-house developed mathematical tools, such as star diagrams and production allocation graph were used to estimate the required geochemical parameters.

The results of the analysis suggest that 50% of the analyzed samples were from oxic paleoenvironment which their ratios (above unitary (1)) indicated; 70% of them have predominance of odd carbon in their make-up, with carbon preference index (CPI) value above 1, while 60% of the analyzed crude oil samples were thermally immature. The outcome of this work can be used to estimate production allocation quota, identify culprit sample in time of spill incident and dispute between operators in a cluster area. Furthermore, it is an economical means of crude oil characterization when compared to other techniques.
EVALUATION OF INFORMATION CULTURE LEVELS FORMATION OF YOUNG TEENAGERS UNDER CONDITIONS OF A SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Trifanina Liubоv
Published: July 2017

Today the mastering of information culture by the young generation is an important necessity, connected with information progress that takes place in the modern society. The process of information culture formation of young teenagers provides, first of all, the study and evaluation of information culture formation of pupils of this age. Thus on the base of secondary educational institutions was realized the ascertaining stage of our experimental study as to the state of information culture levels formation in young teenagers. The ascertaining experiment took place in few stages. At the first stage the content-analysis of annual plans of the upbringing work of secondary educational institutions and annual plans of the upbringing work of form-masters was realized. At the second stage the author’s questionnaire was realized for young teenagers, their parents and teachers, and the results were analyzed. The involvement of parents and teachers at this stage allowed us to evaluate more objectively and precisely the parameters of information culture formation of young teenagers (knowledge about information culture bases, a desire to receive information and to master it, a striving for share information with other people and ability to interest them in information), today state of information culture in a secondary educational institution and to receive advices as to its formation among pupils of this age category. For the more essential confirmation of the veracity and exactness of the received results of optants questionnaire the methods of mathematical statistics were used (mode, median, mean value and Fisher parametric criterion). At the third stage the pedagogical evaluation of parameters of information culture formation was realized using diagnostic methods, methods of observation and expert evaluation. The fourth stage provided the results processing and the determination of information culture formation levels of young teenagers. The received results of information culture formation levels of young teenagers allowed us to confirm the necessity of technological support introduction as to the improvement of the information culture level of young teenagers under conditions of a secondary educational institution.
BLOCKCHAIN, LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT: BUSINESS AS USUAL OR RADICAL DISRUPTION?
Authors: Chartier-Rueg Theodore C. , Zweifel Thomas D.
Published: July 2017

The Internet provided the world with interconnection. However, it did not provide it with trust. Trust is lacking everywhere in our society and is the reason for the existence of powerful intermediaries aggregating power. Trust is what prevents the digital world to take over. This has consequences for organisations: they are inefficient because time, energy, money and passion are wasted on verifying everything happens as decided. Managers play the role of intermediaries in such case: they connect experts with each others and instruct them of what to do. As a result, in our expert society, people’s engagement is low because no one is there to inspire and empower them. In other words, our society faces an unprecedented lack of leadership. Provided all those shortcomings, the study imagines the potential repercussions, especially in the context of management, of implementing a blockchain infrastructure in any type of organisation. Indeed, the blockchain technology seems to be able to remedy to those issues, for this distributed and immutable ledger provides security, decentralisation and transparency. In the context of a blockchain economy, the findings show that value creation will be rearranged, with experts directly collaborating with each others, and hierarchy being eliminated. This could, in turn, render managers obsolete, as a blockchain infrastructure will automate most of the tasks. As a result, only a strong, action-oriented, leadership would maintain the organisation together. This leadership-in-action would consist in igniting people to take action; coach members of the organisations so that their contribution makes sense in the greater context of life.
SYSTEMATIZATION OF TAX STRATEGIES FOR SHADOW ECONOMY PREVENTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Romanyuta Eduard
Published: July 2017

The article studies main theoretical and practical aspects of the shadow economy functioning in the national and international environment. Levels of economic processes shadowing in European Union countries were grounded. A shadow sector volume in developed countries of the world was studied, and the international practice of economy de-shadowing was systematized. In the process of the study the essential attention was paid to fiscal instruments of shadow schemes prevention. Tax strategies of a fight against factors and motives that generate and intensify the shadow economy level in Ukraine were generalized on this base. It was proved, that there is practically no distinct panacea for the Ukrainian economy in the context of its de-shadowing. But the state is completely able to diminish shadow schemes diffusion in the economy using tax mechanisms. According to the results of the study the offers as to the shadow economy prevention in Ukraine were formulated on the base of the international experience and tax instruments.
PROBLEMS OF ENSURING COMPETITIVENESS FOR UKRAINIAN EXPORT ON THE WORLD FERROUS METALS MARKET
Authors: Dovgan Dmytro
Published: July 2017

The author has analyzed theoretical and methodological foundations for international interaction between countries, namely the gravity models of J. Tinbergen and H. Linnemann.
The export competitiveness levels are divided into three levels: national, corporate and industrial. The author proposed to add the existing list of competitive export criteria by another - perspective. Since this criterion allows assessing the effectiveness of the national export development model, the availability and the possibility of maximizing the export potential, the effective use of available export potential.
The author has analyzed the development trends of the world ferrous metals market. In the framework of the above-mentioned analysis, the current state of domestic metallurgy was analyzed in the conditions of global market penetration and possible strategic prospects were identified.
Within the framework of gravity model improvement for ferrous metals market, the author offers to use as an indicator of the economy size - real GDP of partner countries; as the competitiveness factor - the Global Competitiveness Index of the country, and as the logistics costs factor - the average distance between the main ports of the partner countries and the index of economic freedom, which takes into account the volume of tariffs and non-tariffs barriers. Estimated model parameters allow identifying the most promising markets for the export of ferrous metals in order to be competitive in selected countries.
Learning the major players experience on the world ferrous metals market allowed concluding that diversification is one of the possible measures to overcome the economic problems of metallurgical enterprises by expanding market maneuver and increasing competitiveness.
It will provide more stable results, minimize losses in core business during crises and cyclical recessions. As competitive advantages are shifted to the new products, where the positions of Ukrainian manufacturers are shaky, it is essential to implement innovative development into the production process by adapting the experience and technologies of world leaders.
POSSIBILITIES TO IMPROVE THE THERAPY OF THE PATIENTS WITH URETERAL CONCRETIONS
Authors: Sabadash Maksym , Shulyak Alexandr , Chabanov Pavel
Published: July 2017

The aim of the given study was to improve the results of treatment of patients with concretions of the upper third of the ureter.

Materials and methods. The clinical trial was carried out as a non-interventional open, controlled, in two groups of patients with baseline control. The inclusion criteria concerned the patients with concretions of the upper third of the ureter 0.7-0.9 mm in size, which had one session of an extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and after the procedure the size of the concretions fragments was up to3 mm. The study involved 60 patients, all patients in the main group (n = 30) were treated using phytotherapy, within 1 month starting with basic therapy under hospital conditions and continuing with preventative treatment in an outpatient setting. The control group (n = 30) received baseline therapy (up to 10 days) at the stationary stage.

Results and discussion. In patients of the main group, fragments of concretions came out significantly faster, namely: in the main group, the fragments came out in 21 patients (70.0 %), while in the control group in 15 patients (50.0 %) (p1- p2, p <0.05) to the 7th day, and in the main group, the fragments came out in one patient more than 14 days, and in the control group – in 5 patients, p <0.05. The "stone path" in the bottom third of the ureter was in 1 patient (3.3 %) of the main group and in 3 patients (10.0 %) in the control group (p1-p2, p <0.05). The "stone path" departure time in patients of the main group was 2 days, and in patients of the control group it was 4.1 days from the time of its formation (p1-p2, p <0.05). Bacteriuria was observed in the main group on the 10th day 6.6 % less relative to the control group.

Conclusion. At comparing the obtained results in patients of both groups in 1 month it was noted that high efficacy of the treatment was registered in 6 (20 %) patients of the main group and in 3 patients (10 %) of the control group (p <0.05), moderate efficiency was registered in 23 (76.7 %) patients of the main group and in 22 (73.3 %) patients of the control group respectively, low efficacy was registered in 1 (3.33 %) patient in the main group and 5 (16.7 %) patients of the control group (p <0,05), which points to the effectiveness of Urolesan capsules use in complex therapy of patients with concretions of the one third of ureter.
CONTROL LEVEL AND ASSESSMENT OF THE CLINICAL COURSE IN PATIENTS WITH THE ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND COPD
Authors: Feshchenko Yurii , Nazarenko Ksenia
Published: July 2017

The notion “asthma-COPD cross” (ACC) for patients with clinical signs of bronchial asthma and COPD was introduced. From 15 to 45 % of population with bronchial obstructive diseases suffer from ACC and its prevalence increases with age.

According to the data of epidemiological studies, in average a half of patients with BA in the world cannot reach a control of BA or keep it for a long time.

The aim of our research was the determination of the control level and also assessment of symptoms of the disease of patients with BA and COPD.

Patients. The study included patients with ACC, older than 30 years. The control included patients with the bronchial asthma and COPD without any signs of these pathologies combination.

Methods. All patients underwent the spirography with the analysis of the curve “flow-volume” of a force exhalation and also bodypletizmography (“MasterScreenPneumo”, "CardinalHealth" (Germany)). Al patients were interrogated by the questionnaires: questionnaire for BA symptoms control (ACQ-7), test for BA control (ACT), test for COPD assessment CAT).

Results. At comparing parameters of BA control was revealed the reliably worse control in the group of patients with the associated pathology by data of the questionnaire ACQ-7 comparing with patients with BA. The influence of COPD symptoms was also more essential in patients with ACC comparing with one with COPD.

At the more expressed degree of the bronchial obstruction, BA control was reliably weaker, whereas the influence of COPD symptoms was more essential.

In patients with ACC with the unsatisfactory control of BA (АСQ-7 ≥1,5 points) the mortality prognosis, expressed by BODE index, grows almost in 3 times; inpatients with the severe and very severe influence of the disease effect (САТ > 20 points), the mortality prognosis grows more than in 2 times.

The reliable positive correlation was revealed between the results of CAT and ratio of the internal thoracic volume of gases to the total capacity of lungs (ITGV/TLС), that reflects the degree of lungs hyperinflation - (r=0,35; p<0,05).

Conclusions. At BA and COPD combination the indices of the disease control are worse than at the bronchial asthma and a bit similar to ones at COPD.

Indices of BA control and influence of COPD symptoms on the condition of patients with the associated pathology were mainly negatively changed at the increase of the bronchial obstruction degree.

The essential negative influence of the insufficient BA control and the high influence of COPD symptoms on the disease prognosis in patients with associated pathology (BA+COPD) were revealed.
RESULTS OF RADICAL SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA
Authors: Boyko Valeriy , Avdosyev Yuriy , Sochnieva Anastasiia
Published: July 2017

Radical operations of cholangiocarcinomas are connected with the great number of post-operative complications, and lethality reaches 15-30 %. The most debatable questions remain the choice of the operation type depending on localization and spreading of a tumor and also the expedience of using mini-invasive technologies as a preoperational preparation to the radical surgical treatment. We would like to share the little experience of the radical surgical treatment of cholangiocarcinomas.

The research aim is to analyze results of radical surgical treatment of patients with cholangiocarcinoma.

Matherials and methods. We have analyzed the outcomes of surgical treatment in 18 patients with cholangiocarcinomas. Tumor localization was determined according to the Bismuth-Corlett classification. Type 1 tumors were found in 2 (11.1 %), type 2 in 4 (22.2 %), type 3А in 5 (27.8 %), type 3B in 4 (22.2 %), type 4 in 1 (5.6 %), and distal localization in 2 (11.1 %) patients. As biliary decompression, 9 (50 %) patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary duct drainage (PTBD), and another 9 (50 %) patients were operated without preoperative biliary decompression Pre-operative embolization of portal vein branches with the aim to increase the low volume of liver after anticipated resection was performed in 4 (22.2 %) patients.

Results. After the embolization of portal vein branches, the estimated residual volume of hepatic parenchyma increased from 33.4 % to 45.7 %. Patients with cholagiocarcinomas of different localization performed the radical operations: isolated hepaticocholedochus resection in 5 (27.8 %) patients, hepaticocholedochus resection combined with Taj Mahal hepatic resection in 1 (5.6 %), right hemihepatectomy in 5 (27.8 %), left hemihepatectomy in 4 (22.2 %), extended right hemihepatectomy in 1 (5.6 %), and pancreoduodenal resection in 2 (11.1 %) patients. Complications of radical surgeries were observed in 4 (22.2 %) patients. Lethal outcomes occurred in 3 (16.7 %) patients.

Conclusions. Radical operations are attended with complications in 22,2 % and lethality in 16,7 %. As a preoperative preparation it is possible to use mini-invasive interventions for the biliary decompression and increase of hepatic parenchyma volume.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TEMPERATURE LEVEL ON THE BILATERAL MEAT FRYING PROCESS
Authors: Skrypnyk Vyacheslav , Bychkov Yaroslav , Molchanova Natalyia , Farisieiev Andrii
Published: July 2017

The elaboration and introduction of the new high-energetic and resource effective equipment in the activity of food industrial enterprises, including restaurant economy is an urgent scientific problem. The most important role at that is played by the unit energetic consumption of energetic processes, which decrease allows to receive an economic effect. The rise of the energetic effectiveness of technological processes of fried meat products manufacturing is possible at the expanse of combining traditional and non-traditional (physical and electrophysical) processing methods. The use of combined thermal processing methods allows to raise the effectiveness of heat conduction from heating environments to a product.

The aim of the research was the determination of the frying surfaces temperature at the bilateral heat supply for a value of the mean integral temperature pressure and frying process duration, ready product output and unit energy consumption.

The change of the initial temperature level of the frying process has an essential influence on the mean integral temperature pressure between a frying surface and product surface layer. The temperature decrease of frying surfaces from 423 К to 393 К leads to the decrease of the mean integral temperature pressure between a frying surface temperature and product surface one by 4 К by the nonlinear law, and allows to raise the coefficient of heat conduction through steam layers. It was proved, that the bilateral frying of natural products of meat at the surfaces temperature 393 К allows to decrease the process duration by 6 s, to raise the ready product output by 3,3% and to decrease the unit electric energy consumption by 0,023 kW·hour/kg comparing with the bilateral frying at the surfaces temperature 423 К.
LEUKOCYTE PROFILE OF BLOOD OF COWS AT USING “LEUCOZAV” AGAINST LEUCOSIS OF CATTLE
Authors: Zaviriyha Ganna , Vishchur Oleg , Vasileva Tetyana , Balabuha Lydmila , Balaban Oleksandr
Published: July 2017

The development of specific medical forms for fighting against the tumor disease (cancer) of people and animals has the extremely important value. The preparation «ZG-2011» («Leucozav») was invented in 2000-2006 by research associates of SSI “State center of innovative biotechnologies” that forms in inoculated animals the specific anti-viral immunity that protects cattle from being infected by the leucosis causative agent. Analogues of this preparation in Ukraine are absent.

The main aim of the study is the determination of “Leucozav” influence on morphologic parameters of blood (leukocyte profile) of clinically healthy cows and ones, infected by leucosis.

The object of the study was blood of cattle (milk herd), considered as unfavorable as to leucosis.

Blood samples were studied before administering “Leucozav” and after that. Serological and immunological research methods were used.

At the experiment it was studied, that «Leucozav» administration to infected animals normalizes leukocytes number and the ratio of their separate forms in blood of cows. In blood samples, taken of healthy cows, the preparation administration doesn’t influence the leukocyte profile.

This experiment gives grounds to recommend the newly created preparation«Leucozav» to cows with leucosis, because it normalizes the number of leukocytes and their ration in separate forms in blood of RID-positive cows that react positively at the immune diffusion reaction in the agar gel at the study of leucosis of cattle.
A conservative discontinuous target volatility strategy
Authors: Cirelli Simone , Vitali Sebastiano , Ortobelli Lozza Sergio , Moriggia Vittorio
Published: July 2017

The asset management sector is constantly looking for a reliable investment strategy, which is able to keep its promises. One of the most used approaches is the target volatility strategy that combines a risky asset with a risk-free trying to maintain the portfolio volatility constant over time. Several analyses highlight that such target is fulfilled on average, but in periods of crisis, the portfolio still suffers market’s turmoils. In this paper, the authors introduce an innovative target volatility strategy: the discontinuous target volatility. Such approach turns out to be more conservative in high volatility periods. Moreover, the authors compare the adoption of the VIX Index as a risk measure instead of the classical standard deviation and show whether the former is better than the latter. In the last section, the authors also extend the analysis to remove the risk-free assumption and to include the correlation structure between two risky assets. Empirical results on a wide time span show the capability of the new proposed strategy to enhance the portfolio performance in terms of standard measures and according to stochastic dominance theory.
Financing losses from natural and man-made disasters by use of crowdfunding
Authors: Sholoiko Antonina
Published: July 2017

The level of insured losses from natural and man-made disasters occurred in the world from 2012 to 2016 did not exceed 30-45%. Therefore, it is necessary to study another perspective source of financing losses refunding from natural and man-made disasters. The objective of this research is to consider financing losses from natural and man-made disasters by use of crowdfunding, especially in emerging countries. It was defined that the most appropriate model of crowdfunding for financing losses from natural and man-made disasters is donation model with reward-based and donation-based business models. Stimulus for individuals to take part in crowdfunding for financing losses from natural and man-made disasters can be different depending on their location and business model. Sets of assessments based on four categories of questions and method of results visualization were used to examine a country’s readiness for crowdfunding on the example of Ukraine. Complete level of Ukraine’s readiness for crowdfunding was defined. It shows that reward-based crowdfunding is the first stage towards crowdfunding implementation and development. Further research should be done to investigate the mechanism of using a tax discount in case of implementation of the reward-based crowdfunding for financing losses from natural and man-made disasters.
Ukraine-EU cooperation for realization of innovative projects and programs aimed at public financial management modernization
Authors: Lysiak Liubov , Kachula Svitlana , Kulichenko Veronika
Published: July 2017

At the present stage of economic development Ukrainian public sector is faced with multiple new and complex challenges. In order to implement strategic reforms in the public financial management, the public authorities were given the opportunity to use external sources of finance for the implementation of relevant innovative projects and programs. Accordingly, Ukraine assumes certain international obligations towards the organizational and institutional aspects, as well as transparent and effective targeted use of financial resources. This study examined the main issues of projects and programs at each stage of the project cycle management. The main purpose of this paper is to find the best basic areas for further cooperation between Ukraine and the EU on the implementation of project management in the context of the need to modernize the budget management system. Methodological and theoretical basis of the research consists of the works of foreign and Ukrainian scholars that allowed realizing conceptual integrity of the study. Methods of generalization and comparison allowed to assess the existing projects of modernization of public financial management financed by international organizations. The authors defined the possible forms of financing of government innovative projects and programs in Ukraine. For this purpose, methods of analysis and synthesis were used. As a result, it is recommended to follow the directions of further cooperation between Ukraine and the EU on the development of project management along with performance-based budgeting.
Valoración de las competencias tecnológicas del profesorado universitario: Un estudio en la Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria de Carazo (UNAN-Managua)
Authors: Mendieta-Baltodano Concepción de María , Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Cobos-Sanchiz David
Published: July 2017

Este artículo pretende identificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre TIC que tienen los docentes de la Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria de Carazo (UNAN-Managua) y priorizar las necesidades formativas en el ámbito tecnológico más relevantes para los docentes. El estudio se afronta desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo; se aplica una adaptación del cuestionario derivado de la investigación sobre Competencias TIC para la docencia en la universidad pública española. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado requiere y demanda mayor formación en tres dimensiones: fortalecer conocimientos asociados a las TIC y su rol en el nuevo contexto de la educación superior, arbitrar mecanismos de búsquedas avanzadas y selección de información en la Web y un mayor conocimiento y uso de las aplicaciones educativas de la Web 2.0.
(in vivo Gastrocnemius Muscle) Tendon Ratio in Patients with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Choudhry Muhammad Naghman , Naseem Haris , Mahmood Ihsan , Aqil Adeel , Khan Tahir
Published: July 2017

Background:

The position of the gastrocnemius tendon in relation to the leg length may be different in children with cerebral palsy as compared to normal children. The palpation of muscle bellies or previous experience of the operating surgeon is employed to place the surgical incision for lengthening of the gastrocnemius aponeurosis. Inaccurate localisation may cause incorrect incisions and a risk of iatrogenic damage to the vital structures (i.e. sural nerve).

Objectives:

The aim of our study is to compare gastrocnemius length in-vivo between paretic and unaffected children and create a formula to localise the muscle–tendon junction accurately.

Methods:

10 children with di/hemiplegia (range 2-14y) were recruited. None of them had received any conventional medical treatment. An equal number of age/sex matched, typically developing children (range 4-14y) were recruited. Ultrasound scanning of the gastrocnemius muscle at rest was performed to measure the length of gastrocnemius bellies. We also measured the heights and leg lengths in all the children.

Results:

The gastrocnemius medial muscles were shorter in Cerebral Palsy children when compared to similar aged normal children. In cerebral palsy children, the gastrocnemius muscle and leg ratio ranged between 35 to 50% (average ratio of 45%).

Conclusion:

Using these figures, we created an average percentage for gastrocnemius muscle length that may be used clinically to identify the tendon for open/endoscopic lengthening and also to make simple and accurate localisation of gastrocnemius muscle-tendon junction for surgical access. This decreases the length of the surgical incision and may reduce the risk of iatrogenic injuries.
PEMAKNAAN KECANTIKAN SEBAGAI PUTIH JEPANG DALAM IKLAN SHINZUI BODY CLEANSER
Authors: Windasari Anggry , Yusriana Amida , Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi
Published: July 2017

The Beauty Concept is changing from time to time, from the classic beauty that walksin harmony with the nature to the subjectivity of postmodern beauty. Nevertheless,the beauty standard is often constructed by the media by using certain type of models.The problem is this one standard is applied into all over the world. Indonesia is noexception. The Shinzui Body Cleanser’s advertisement is one of the advertisementthat construct this standard into consumer’s mind. This advertisement claims to bemade by Japanese nature’s extracts and identified beauty as Japanese woman’s whiteskin. Thus, this research aims to know how the consumer’s reseption analysis towardsthe concept of beauty in the Shinzui advertisement are. This research uses receptionanalysis method by interviewing particular respondents. It uses the Encoding DecodingModel by Stuart Hall. Based on the theory, the result shows there are three categoriesin this advertisement. One person in the category of Dominant Hegemonic, one personin the category of Negotiated Reading and two persons in the category of OppositionalReading.AbstrakKonsep kecantikan terus mengalami perubahan, dari kecantikan klasik yang senadadengan alam hingga kecantikan postmodern yang begitu subyektif. Meskipun demikian,standar kecantikan seringkali dikonstruksi oleh media melalui penggunaan model– model perempuan dengan tipe tertentu. Yang menjadi persoalan adalah saat satustandar kemudian digunakan di seluruh dunia. Tak terkecuali Indonesia yang mengalamipergeseran standar kecantikan. Iklan Shinzui Body Cleanser merupakan salah satuiklan yang membangun konstruksi tersebut kepada target konsumen Indonesia. Iklanini menggunakan bahan – bahan alami Jepang dan berupaya mengidentikan kecantikansebagai kulit putih wanita Jepang. Maka penelitian ini berusaha mengetahui bagaimanaanalisis resepsi konsumen terhadap konsep kecantikan iklan Shinzui. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode analisis resepsi dengan melakukan wawancara kepada respondenyang telah memenuhi kriteria tertentu. Teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Interpretasidan Negosiasi Makna oleh Stuart Hall. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 kategoriresepsi dalam iklan Shinzui pada penonton. Satu orang dalam kategori DominantHegemonic, satu orang dalam kategori Negotiated Reading dan dua orang dalamkategori Oppositional Reading.
POLA KOMUNIKASI INTERNAL BRAJAMUSTI MENJELANG PILKADA KOTAMADYA YOGYAKARTA 2017
Authors: Fadillah Dani
Published: July 2017

This study attempts to do an examination of communication dynamics occurring ininternal Brajamusti as a pro football team PSIM Jogja during the election of a candidatemayor and municipal deputy mayor Yogyakarta.This study was conducted usingdescriptive qualitative approach.Type of research is doing check deeply the dynamicsof what happens ranging from communication activities which is a formal culturallyto eventually become Brajamusti the agreement.Some activity carried out such as bycollecting and assess case, floated issues, even, and so on. Do the interview with themembers and Brajamusti’s lead, an analysis of interviews, mapped problems faced, andformulated conclusion.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengamatan terhadap dinamika komunikasiyang terjadi dalam internal Brajamusti sebagai wadah pendukung tim sepak bola PSIMJogja semasa pemilihan calon Walikota dan Wakil Walikota Kotamadya Yogyakarta.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Tipedari penelitian ini adalah melakukan penelaahan secara mendalam terhadap dinamikayang terjadi mulai dari aktifitas komunikasi yang bersifat kultural hingga formal yangpada akhirnya menjadi kesepakatan Brajamusti sebagai organisasi.Beberapa aktivitasdilaksanakan seperti mengumpulkan dan mengkaji kasus-kasus, isu yang dilontarkan,even, dan sebagainya. Melakukan interview dengan para anggota dan pimpinanBrajamusti, melakukan analisis terhadap hasil wawancara, memetakan permasalahanpermasalahanyang dihadapi, dan merumuskan kesimpulan.