bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of treatment and prognosis of acute and chronic eczema in patients with manifestations of intestinal dysbiosis
Authors: Fominа L.V. , Dashchuk A.M. , Dobrzhanska E.I.
Published: July 2021

Objective — the purpose of the work is to increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with acute and chronic eczema by developing effective comprehensive corrective therapy based on the study of the immune defense system.

Materials and methods. 47 patients with acute and chronic eczema before and after treatment were selected for the study. To assess the effectiveness of therapy in these patients, we evaluated the data of biochemical studies, indicators of cellular and humoral immunity, as well as the degree of changes in indicators of the microbiota of the colon cavity.

Results and discussion. The most informative indicators of cellular and humoral immunity of patients with acute and chronic eczema in the acute stage, accompanied by manifestations of intestinal dysbiosis are determined: CD3+-lympho­cytes, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6 and IgA. The monitoring of these indicators is necessary and sufficient for controlling the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of this group of patients.According to the results of bacteriological examination of feces in all patients, the presence of dysbiosis of the colon of I—IV degrees was established. Patients with eczema also had a significantly lower content of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the colon cavity (by 2.09 and 2.58 times, respectively), bacteroids (by 1.96 times) and the total number of Escherichia coli (by 2.56 times) against the background of a larger number of Escherichia coli with enzymatic properties, opportunistic enterobacteria, enterococci and fungi of the genus Candida (by 1.87, 14.4, 4.20 and 3.22 times, respectively). After the treatment with the addition of pro- and prebiotics of the patients of the main group, the manifestations of dysbiosis of the colon were eliminated, while in the patients of the control group, the manifestations of dysbiosis persisted: lower content of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the colon cavity (by 1.82 and 2.32 times, respectively), bacteroids (by 1.2 times) and the total number of Escherichia coli (by 1.48 times) against the background of a bigger number of Escherichia coli with enzymatic properties, opportunistic enterobacteria, enterococci and fungi of genus Candida (by 1.32, 12.3, 3.24 and 2.85 times, respectively).

Conclusions. The treatment aimed at normalizing the gastrointestinal tract and increasing the patient’s immunity, has an activating and stimulating effect on the therapeutic treatment complex of a patient with eczema. The addition of pro and prebiotics contributed to a significant reduction in the duration of treatment in patients compared with the indicator in individuals who received only conventional pathogenetic therapy.
Polymorphism of exanthema, caused by SARS­Cov­2 virus (clinical case)
Authors: Svyatenko T.V. , Mavrutenkov V.V. , Haiduk T.A. , Haiduk O.I. , Mavrutenkova T.V.
Published: July 2021

Objective — to improve the clinical diagnosis and management of the new coronavirus disease by describing a clinical case of viral exanthema as a result of infection with a new strain of SARS-CoV-2.

Materials and methods. A description is presented of the clinical symptoms and features of skin lesions in the new coronavirus disease in a patient with probable Grover’s disease diagnosed during a pathological examination of a biopsy specimen of the affected skin.

Results and discussion. The clinical diversity of the strain of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is due to the fact that coronavirus infection is a systemic viral infection that can affect any organ and system. The pathogenesis of these lesions is due to two mechanisms: direct virus damage to the body’s cells and the emergence of an immunopathological process that resembles systemic vasculitis. The ambivalence of immunopathogenesis is reflected in this clinical case.Several factors of the occurrence of dermatological lesions in a patient with a polymorphic rash with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been identified: chemical (sensitization due to working with chemical compounds), physical (mechanical pressure during the performance of professional duties), immunopathological (tendency to hyperergic reactions of the dermis) and thermal, which could provoke the appearance of signs of Grover’s disease. At the same time, the systemic viral infection with SARS-CoV-2 was a trigger for the immunopathological processes, manifested by skin lesions.

Conclusions. Currently, there are no significant predictors of the course of coronavirus disease and the occurrence of complications. Therefore, a patient who has had a coronavirus infection should be advised a follow up (communication with a doctor) for 12 weeks. A patient with any dermatological pathology should be examined for specific markers of COVID-19. In the differential diagnosis discourse of the dermatological disease, COVID-19 should always be considered as a possible cause until proven otherwise. During therapy, vitamins, immunomodulators, antibiotics that do not have an evidence base should not be routinely prescribed to all patients, especially those who are at risk of developing immunopathological reactions due to occupational or toxicological anamnesis.
Interspecies communication: Theoretical and methodological aspects
Authors:   Eastern Washington University, Klyukanov Igor E.
Published: July 2021

The subject of the article is a process of interaction between the human and the natural world, whose boundaries are open. The use of intermediate languages in this interspecies communication is touched upon, as well as the possibility of applying the activity theory to its study. It is especially noted the role of gestures as expressive movements that can be both verbal and non-verbal, and which make the basis for interspecies communication taking the character of a play. Conversion analysis is considered as the main method for the direct and systematic study of such communicative interactions, conversation conceptualized as the order which is naturally created and recreated in a particular situation. Examples of this order are given, such as the turn-taking of interaction participants, adjacent pairs, and alignment. The article discusses why communication between the human and natural world cannot be perfect, as well as the optimal strategy for their interaction.
On the Genesis of the Child’s Concepts and Lexical Meanings
Authors:   LRC Publishing House, Koshelev Alexey D.
Published: July 2021

The article shows that the primary cognitive units of infants, thanks to which they begin to understand individual fragments of the visible world, are integral situations (‘a boy is eating porridge’, ‘Mother is reading a book’, etc.), since they satisfy the initial children’s needs and desires. In the process of child’s development, these situations are divided into specific participants (BOY, PORRIDGE, SPOON, PLATE) and relationships (‘plate – porridge’, ‘porridge portion – spoon’, ‘spoon – boy’s mouth’). The separated participants, i.e., the functional parts of situations, become the first children’s concepts. Later, in the same way (by dividing new situations into participants), more special and complex concepts are formed: ‘motor’, ‘carburetor’, ‘trombone’, etc. As a result, the article concludes that human concepts are not innate, as J. Fodor and early Chomsky believe, or are combinations of the simplest innate concepts, according to A. Wierzbicka, I. Mel’čuk and S. Pinker. All concepts rather arise as products of the decomposition of holistic situations that the child has previously learned.Simultaneously with the formation of concepts, a thematic classification arises in children: when sorting triads of objects (dog-cat-bone; plate-cup-spoon), the child combines into one group objects that jointly participate in a typical situation (e.g., the dog and the bone, the plate and the spoon), rather than objects that perform similar functions in the situation: the dog and the cat or the plate and the cup (taxonomic classification). It is shown that the source of the thematic classification is not encyclopedic knowledge, as it is commonly believed (G. Murphy, E. Markman), but the primary integral situations and the binary relations arising from their decomposition.In the final part of the article, the role of language in the formation of children’s classifications is analyzed, the genesis of metaphorical and metonymic meanings is discussed, and refined definitions of these meanings are given.
Reading Is a Very Fascinating Business, or a Continuation of the Research of Yu. A. Sorokin
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, National Research University, Bazylev Vladimir N. , Krasilnikova Varvara G. ,   Sechenov University
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the memory of Professor Yu. A. Sorokin, his research on the problems of reading in the context of the development of Russian psycholinguistics at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. The article deals with the problem of the mechanism of continuity of scientific ideas in modern Russian society and the need to update the works devoted to the study of the book as a semantic object, bibliopsychology, and the actual psycholinguistic aspects of the study of the text. The article discusses strategically important directions in the study of reading as a type of speech activity in relation to the generation of millennial students: identifying the real state of affairs with the understanding of the text by generation Z students, studying the psychology of interaction between the student-addressee of the educational scientific text and the author of the textbook; embedding the techniques of understanding the text in university textbooks. The conclusions of the author’s experimental research are presented: comprehension of the educational scientific text by first-year medical students. Prospective research tasks are formulated: the possibility of assessment of the impact of speech difficulties associated with understanding the text on the success (failure) of teaching students of the 1st year; the advisability of monitoring of the effectiveness of teaching of a particular subject, focused mainly on extracting information from the text; the possibility of performing a predictive function of learning success (learning ability) in general on the basis of information about reading strategies.
Functional-Cultural Illiteracy: Another “Civilizational Risk”? (Continuing the Conversation with Yu.A.Sorokin)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Krasnykh Victoria V.
Published: July 2021

This article is dedicated to the memory of the famous psycholinguist, philosopher, poet Yuri Alexandrovich Sorokin. The article represents the widest range of scientific interests of the researcher: text psycholinguistics, bibliopsychology, creolized texts, linguistic consciousness, the phenomenon of precedentness, lacunarity, (ethno)confictology, etc. On the basis of this, the author suggests that the problems that nowadays are defined by specialists as “civilizational risks”, i.e., functional and cultural illiteracy, would cause Yu.A.Sorokin’s undoubted interest. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the author of the article considers the concepts of functional and cultural illiteracy, gives their definition and indicates the main forms of their manifestation. The author substantiates the need to introduce another concept – functional-cultural illiteracy which is understood as inability to encode and decode cultural meanings behind the signs of language, and therefore inability to understand and generate texts of different targeting, types, genres and volume. The reasons and the forms of manifestation of functional-cultural illiteracy are, at least, the inability to generate and understand texts (even the simplest ones) and the lack of knowledge necessary for understanding. At the end of the article, the author concludes that in many works by Yu.A.Sorokin, one can find not only evidence of foresight, but also ideas about possible ways to study, prevent and overcome the problems facing human and humanity today.
Current aspects in automation of scientific researches of machinery surface quality using machine learning methods
Authors: Bezyazychnyy Vyacheslav , Palamar' Irina
Published: July 2021

A procedure is shown for the analysis of material structure in the parts surface layer manufactured through ion-plasma sputtering allowing the allocation and estimate automatically layers according to dislocation uniformity. A procedure is offered for the assessment of surface roughness on the basis of probabilistic-statistic classification of Talyrond trace allowing the definition and estimate automatically the peculiarities of a surface profile.
Relevance of Educational Research: An Ontological Conceptualization
Authors: Akkerman Sanne F. , Bakker Arthur , Penuel William R.
Published: July 2021

Educational research is repeatedly confronted with the question of its relevance. Current interpretations of relevance narrowly focus on outcomes and impact of research. In this essay, we propose an alternative, ontological conceptualization of relevance, arguing that more is at stake than outcomes and impact. We characterize the ontology of education and learning in terms of people’s meaningful movements in an always changing world and propose that relevance of educational research resides in what we call “ontological synchronization”—continuous attunement to what is happening and matters at hand, and what future is being generated, including what values and judgments researchers themselves perpetuate in society. Such synchronization, we conclude, hinges on a disciplinary and ethical commitment to principles of actuality and generativity. We discuss what such conceptualization of relevance implies for educational research.
Analisis Kebutuhan Keamanan Informasi Menggunakan Metode SQUARE Pada Aplikasi HRIS Studi Kasus : PT. XYZ
Authors: Arta Yudhi , Ilhan Muhammad , Hanafiah Anggi
Published: July 2021

Keamanan dalam suatu sistem tentunya sangat dibutuhkan untuk menjaga integritas data penting yang tersimpan dalam sistem tersebut. Oleh sebab itu untuk menjaga integritas data ini bermula setelah sistem tersebut terkoneksi dengan jaringan internet. Integritas data tersebut digunakan oleh dua perspektif yaitu penyelenggara dan pengguna. Salah satu sistem yang digunakan oleh perspektif tersebut yaitu Human Resources Information System (HRIS) atau sistem penginputan data karyawan pada perusahaan PT. XYZ . Ada beberapa metode yang dapat menganalisa keamanan informasi sistem ini, tetapi di dalam penelitian ini hanya menggunakan metode SQUARE yang akan di gunakan untuk mencari celah kemanan system. Dengan adanya masalah tersebut dengan menggunakan metode SQUARE dapat mengetahui celah keamanan sistem dan melihat seberapa aman sistem terhadap serangan yang kemungkinan terjadi dan memberikan rekomendasi yang dapat mengatasi kelemahan sistem dengan melakukan pengujian dan melakukan beberapa observasi terhadap system. Hasil analisis yang telah di lakukan dengan metode SQUARE, sangat membantu dalam menganalisa dan mengetahui celah atau kelemahan sistem yang dapat merusak sistem sekaligus memberikan rekomendasi terhadap kebutuhan keamanan sistem yang bertujuan untuk menjaga availibilitas dan kerahasiaan serta integritas sistem.Kata kunci — Keamanan, SQUARE, HRIS
Information Retrieval System in the Bible
Authors: Angdresey Apriandy , Lamongi Miguel Angelo , Munir Rinaldi
Published: July 2021

Information retrieval is used to search for relevant documents so that they can be obtained quickly and precisely. There are many Christians who want to study the gospel. However, often experience problems in finding the Gospel verse and topics dealing with the need to search by the user. Therefore, have to search individually, each verse in the four Gospels to find the topic or verse that the user wants to find out. In this study, the authors used the Bible verses in the Gospels as documents, so that these verses could be searched for the level of relevance or similarity to the entered keywords. Furthermore, to determine the level of relevance between documents and keywords is calculated using the Vector Space Model. Based on the application that has been successfully built, the application can be show 10 documents related to the keywords that are searched and sorted from the most relevant, with the highest similarity value, namely 78.65%.Keywords - Information Retrieval, Vector Space Model, Bible.
Hubungan Antara Lingkungan Kelas Dalam Jaringan dan Motivasi Belajar Bahasa Inggris Peserta Didik
Authors: Lasut Elizabeth Meiske Maythy
Published: July 2021

Di masa pandemi Covid19, sekolah diharapkan untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara online atau dalam jaringan lewat pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Namun, dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya ditemukan bahwa tidak semua peserta didik dapat merasakan manfaat dari pembelajaran melalui kelas daring ini.  Itu sebabnya penting untuk diketahui faktor apa saja dari lingkungan kelas daring yang berkaitan dengan motivasi belajar peserta didik, lebih khusus saat mengikuti pelajaran bahasa Inggris.  Penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori Community of Inquiry tentang faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi pada motivasi belajar peserta didik dalam kelas daring.  Responden penelitian ini terdiri dari 64 orang peserta didik kelas VI SD Advent Airmadidi yang tengah mengikuti pembelajaran secara daring.  Dengan menggunakan perangkat analisa statistik berupa Mean, Standar Deviasi, dan Pearson Correlation diperoleh hasil bahwa kondisi lingkungan kelas daring berhubungan secara signifikan dengan motivasi belajar mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris peserta didik, dengan nilai signifikansi p>0,05.  Itu sebabnya disarankan agar para guru untuk tetap menjaga dan mempertahankan kondisi lingkungan kelas daring yang memungkinkan peserta didik dapat merasakan adanya kehadiran guru, terjadinya proses berpikir dan interaksi sosial yang maksimal guna memotivasi mereka mempelajari Bahasa Inggris.Kata kunci—lingkungan kelas daring, motivasi belajar bahasa Inggris
Jurnal HTN_Selpi Yunianti_138_HTN D
Authors: yunianti selpi
Published: July 2021

Margarito Kami selaku Ahli yang dalam keterangannya mengatakan UUD1945 hanya akan memberikan hak kepadawarganegaranya untuk memilih dan melaksanakan penyelenggara kekuasaan negara. Dalam keterangan ini, Margarito mengemukakan dalam konsep citizen atau kewarganegaraan tidakpernah tidak dipertalikan dengan orang-orang yang ada di satu daerah yang sejak awal bersepakat menjadi suatu komunitas dalam suatu tatanan sosial yang diakui sebagai pribadi yang merdeka dan memiliki hak serta kewajiban yang sama. Artinya, citizena dalah mereka yang tinggal dalam kota dan memiliki hak serta bebas untuk berpartisipasi dalam pemerintahan. Oleh karenanya, Margarito menegaskan bahwa hal ini harus pula dipertalikan dengan posisi orang didalam komunitas itu dan menunjuk adanya hak menjalankan partisipasi dalampenyelenggaraan kehidupan kemasyarakatan.
Can a brief interaction with online, digital art improve wellbeing?: A comparative study of the impact of online art and culture presentations on mood, state-anxiety, subjective wellbeing, and loneliness
Authors: Trupp mackenzie D , Bignardi Giacomo , Chana Kirren , Specker Eva , Pelowski Matthew
Published: July 2021

When experienced in-person, engagement with art has been associated—in a growing body of evidence—with positive outcomes in wellbeing and mental health. This represents an exciting new field for psychology, curation, and health interventions, suggesting a widely-accessible, cost-effective, and non-pharmaceutical means of regulating factors such as mood or anxiety. However, can similar impacts be found with online presentations? If so, this would open up positive outcomes to an even-wider population—a trend becoming accelerated due to the current Covid-19 pandemic. Despite its promise, this question, and the underlying mechanisms of art interventions and impacts, has largely not been explored. Participants (N = 84) were asked to engage one of two online exhibitions from Google Arts and Culture (a Monet painting or a similarly-formatted display of Japanese culinary traditions). With just 1-2 minutes’ exposure, both improved negative mood, state-anxiety, loneliness, and wellbeing. Stepdown analysis suggested the changes can be explained primarily via negative mood, while improvements in mood correlated with aesthetic appraisals and cognitive-emotional experience of the exhibition. However, no difference was found between exhibitions. We discuss the findings in terms of applications and targets for future research.
The effect of momentary mood on appraisal of facial affect and distrust: An experimental approach using ambulatory assessment
Authors: Schmitz Sara Elena , Hepp Johanna , Lane Sean Patrick , Niedtfeld Inga
Published: July 2021

article in press, Cognition & Emotion. ABSTRACT: Previous laboratory studies have demonstrated that an observer’s current mood can influence their processing of facial stimuli, for instance the appraisal of facial affect. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between current mood and face processing in participants’ daily lives, thereby making use of naturally occurring affective states. We employed Ambulatory Assessment (AA) and included two experimental tasks to test whether current mood predicts how participants evaluate (i) the valence of emotional faces and (ii) facial trustworthiness. We hypothesized a mood congruent processing, such that individuals would rate pictures of faces more negatively and less trustworthy, the more negative their current mood was. We recruited 42 participants who completed a 7-day AA study with six random prompts per day. At each prompt, participants provided self-reports on momentary mood and completed an emotion rating task and a hypothetical distrust game. Results show that negative momentary mood was significantly associated with higher levels of distrust, but was not significantly associated with more negative emotion ratings. We discuss the incremental value and feasibility of implementing experimental tasks in AA contexts and the opportunities this opens for assessing affective and cognitive processes in natural environments.
The Mother-offspring Conflict: The Association between Maternal Sleep, Postpartum Depression, and Interbirth Interval Length
Authors: Gunst Annika , Sjöström Elin , Sundén My , Antfolk Jan
Published: July 2021

To test the hypothesis that infant night waking is an adaptation to increase interbirth intervals (i.e., the time between a mother’s consecutive births) by exhausting the mother, we made an initial attempt at investigating whether maternal sleep disturbance is associated with longer interbirth intervals. We also explored whether postpartum depression symptoms mediated the association between maternal sleep disturbance and interbirth intervals. We used retrospective self-reports from 729 mothers living in Finland. We conducted structural regressions separately for the mother’s two first children at two different age intervals (0–1 and 1–3 years). Infant night waking was associated with maternal sleep disturbance (β = .78–.84) and maternal sleep disturbance was associated with postpartum depression symptoms (β = .69–.81). Postpartum depression symptoms were also associated with longer interbirth intervals for the first child (β = .23–.28). This result supports the notion that postpartum depression in and of itself could be viewed as adaptive for the offspring’s fitness, and not just as an unintentional byproduct of the mother’s sleep disturbance. Contrary to our prediction, maternal sleep disturbance was, however, associated with shorter interbirth intervals for the first child (β = -.22– -.30) when including postpartum depression symptoms in the model. We discuss the potential role of social support as an explanation for this unexpected result.
TOWARDS A HISTORY OF EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE FIRST RUSSIAN WOMEN HISTORIANS OF THE LATE 19TH — BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY: LEISURE AND RECREATION
Authors:   Women & Gender Studies Department, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sekenova Olga , Pushkareva Natalia ,   Women & Gender Studies Department, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2021

The article focuses on the study of the anthropology of everyday life of persons of intellectual labor. The subject of the study are the leisure peculiarities of the everyday life and home life of the first Russian women historians of the pre-revolutionary period, the variety of forms of free time available to the first women scientists among professional historians, as well as the budget and the ratio of their working and free time. Reflecting on the peculiarities in the study of the everyday life of the academic and teaching communities and describing the main forms of leisure of “learned ladies”, the authors give examples of how they organize and attend intellectual “evenings”, reading professional and fictional literature, forms of public engagement, including charitable activities. Various documents of personal origin—memoirs, diaries, personal correspondences of the first Russian women historians—made it possible to draw conclusions about the complex interweaving of free and working time in the life of women scientists, the flow of work into leisure and vice versa. The authors also demonstrate that the gradual entry of women into the male academic environment significantly influenced the practice of leisure: the contamination of work and rest was sometimes forced, and the adaptation to an academic career went, among other things, through the assimilation of appropriate leisure practices, which became an integral part of the lifestyle of women scientists. The marginalized position of the first Russian women historians forced them to try to keep being involved in social interactions. For this purpose, they sought to consolidate professional acquaintances at informal evenings, where it was possible to understand the unwritten rules of conduct and corporate norms of the academic environment. That said, the real joy for women was the presence of personal space in which they could devote themselves to the scientific process—engaging in fruitful research work.
SPIRITUAL VERSES ABOUT TSAREVICH JOASAPH: PLOTS AND METRICAL MODELS
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrov Alexander
Published: July 2021

The article considers the problem of the development of metrical forms of the cycle of folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph. Spiritual verses related to the literary tradition are used as supplementary material. The aim of the research is to trace the evolution of the metrics of folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph in the context of the history of Russian versification. The tasks of the research are the formation of a database of texts, differentiation of the texts into thematic groups, selection of method of work, and the analysis of folk and literary variants. The research methodology is determined by its complex nature, being at the intersection of folklore, linguistics, and literary studies. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the material, special methods are used for texts created within the framework of different systems of versification: syllabic, accentual, and syllabic-accentual. The entire corpus of texts consists of seven types of plots and can be divided into metrical groups depending on the time and the environment of their creation. The earliest known text dates from the 16th century; it is a free, non-rhymed accentual verse. A significant corpus of texts was created in the 17th century, in line with the literary syllabic system of versification; these are spiritual verses with 8 or 13 syllables per line. Some of these were assimilated by folk culture and subsequently lost their syllabic equality of lines, becoming close to the accentual system. Literary texts of the 18th–19th centuries are closer to the syllabic-accentual system; sometimes they include polymetric poetic forms. Folklore texts collected in the 19th–20th centuries are based mainly on the accentual system of versification (dolnik, taktovik, accentual verse); however, as we move towards the 20th century, syllabic-accentual tendencies also intensify in this area. In the 20th century, the tradition of spiritual poetry was based on syllabic-accentual models borrowed from the works of Russian classics. The long history of the existence of this poetic cycle is, in general, in line with the evolution of Russian versification. At the same time, if the syllabic-accentual verse has been formed since the 18th century in the literary tradition of spiritual poetry, then in folklore it spread relatively late. Reliable examples of syllabic-accentual versification are found in folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph from the second half of the 19th century.
Perceived psychological stress among undergraduate students: role of academic factors of a medical college of Kathmandu
Authors: Tuladhar Jyoti Badan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Stress refers to a dynamic interaction between the individual and the environment, which described as external demands (physical or mental) on an individual’s physical and psychological well-being. The objective of this study was to assess the perceived psychological stress and perception of academic stress among undergraduate students.

Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire- based survey was carried out among 853 undergraduate students (medical, dental and nursing) of Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu Nepal during August 2017 to July 2018. Perceived stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale-14 and perception of academic stress 18-item questionnaire was used to assess the academic factors of stress using self-administered technique.

Result: The overall mean perceived stress score was 45.23 ±4.96, 99.6% of participants were in the group of more stressed and overall mean score of perception of academic stress was 54.68 ±9.10, and 56.3% of participants were in the group of academic stress. The correlation between perceived psychological stress and academic stress was 0.070 with P value of 0.040.

Conclusion: Higher level of perceived stress and academic stress were reported by the students and there was weak significantly positive correlation between perceived psychological stress and academic stress.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ СТУПІНЧАТИХ ЗУБЧАСТИХ ПЕРЕДАЧ ПО КРИТЕРІЯМ МІЦНОСТІ
Authors: Романюк Олександр
Published: July 2021

В даній роботі розглянуто задачу проектування ступінчастих зубчастих передач ступені яких повинні задовольняти умові рівноміцності, що забезпечить рівномірний термін їх довговічності та рівень надійності. Введений коефіцієнт співвідношення передаточних чисел ступенів редуктора дає можливість на етапі попереднього проектування підбирати передаточні числа для відповідних ступенів редуктора таким чином, що забезпечує умову оптимізації ступінчастих зубчастих передач по критеріям міцності.
Diagnóstico y manejo multidisciplinario de endometriosis vesical: reporte de caso
Authors: Albinagorta Olórtegui Roberto , Ramos Barrientos Vicente Paul , Alva Pinto Alexis
Published: July 2021

La endometriosis vesical es una entidad médica poco frecuente, que se diagnostica mediante procedimientos clínicos y de imágenes. La ecografía transvaginal es la técnica de primera línea para el diagnóstico. Su tratamiento es laparoscópico, con buenos resultados. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con esta patología, con abordaje quirúrgico multidisciplinario y evolución satisfactoria en el control de la enfermedad.
Tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein en una niña. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Urbina Álvarez Claudia , Corimanya Paredes Jorge , Aquino Cabrera Noemí , Paz Carrillo Edith
Published: July 2021

El tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein es un condiloma acuminado gigante, benigno, cuyas lesiones clínicas son mayores de 10 cm, por lo que el tratamiento de elección debería ser siempre quirúrgico. Se presenta el caso de una niña de un año con condiloma gigante en la vulva, tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein de rápida evolución, a quien se le practicó resección quirúrgica satisfactoria. Se revisó la literatura respecto a su diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Meningitis por criptococo
Authors: Chaves Loaiza Estefanía , Solís Solís Johynny Bernarda
Published: July 2021

La meningitis criptocócica se trata de una grave infección del sistema nervioso central causada principalmente por las especias de Cryptococcus neoformans y Cryptococcus gatti que ocurre principalmente en pacientes inmunosuprimidos, en especial en pacientes portadores de VIH. Causante de muchas de las muertes relacionadas al SIDA a nivel mundial. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante el aislamiento del hongo en cultivo en líquido cefalorraquídeo o identificación del antígeno criptocócica en análisis de sangre. Es necesario una detección e intervención terapéutica temprana, para mejorar de forma significativa la supervivencia y calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Pd(II) extraction from acid solutions by bis-(2-hidroxyl-5-alkylbenzyl)amine
Authors:   Naghiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Mammadova S.R.
Published: July 2021

It isknown that a series oforganiccompoundscontained in the molecule SH, NH qroups have theabilityto formtheintracomplex compounds under certain conditions. These compounds allowto carryoutthe extraction in acidic mediumandthereforepreventthehydrolysis process. They are not dissolved in water but are soluble in various solvents and form colored solutions and so may be used in extraction chemistry. The main purpose of this paper was to study the ability to extract palladium by bis-(2-hidroxyl-5-alkylbenzyl)amine, synthesized in the laboratory on the basis of industrial alkylphenols. Ammonium acetate with various pH wasused as a buffer to extract palladiumfromPdCl2·2H2O0.1 mkg/ml solution. The main task for theuse of inert organic compound in extraction is the selection of a reagent which dissolves it but does not form any compound. For this purpose the influence of different solvents on this reagent was researched. The experiments show that bis-(2-hidroxyl-5-alkylbenzyl)amine is dissolved well in organic solvents. Itssolution, for examplein kerosene, is light-resistant, does not hydrolyze in water, alkalis and acids.Thus bis-(2-hidroxyl-5-alkylbenzyl)amine may be recomended for palladium extraction.
Congratulations on the anniversary of Professor S.E.Kudaibergenov
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Tazhbayev Ye.M. , Burkeyev M.Zh. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

The article is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Sarkyt Elekenovich Kudaibergenov, a prominentKazakh scientist-chemist.His career and the most significant events of his scientific life are briefly described here.The contribution of Professor S.E. Kudaibergenov to the development of physical chemistry of polymers and his participation in the internationalization of the polymer scientific school are shown
Investigation of the process of latex coagulation by cationic surfactants
Authors:   Russian Air Force Military Educational and Scientific Center “Air Force Academy named after professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin”, Nikulin S. ,   Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Verezhnikov V. ,   Voronezh State University, Bulatetskaya T. ,   Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Nikulina N. ,   Voronezh Institute of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia,
Published: July 2021

In the articlethe estimation of coagulating ability using cationic electrolytes is shown.It was found that in the case of using low molecular weight cationic electrolyte, the completeness of the release of rubber from latex is achieved at their consumption of 20–30 kg/t of rubber. A feature of the behavior of cationic surfactants in the latex coagulation has been established. It is shown that the consumption of cationic surfactants corresponds to the consumption of polymer cationic electrolytes. Also, a hypothesis was put forwardthatcationic surfactants violate the aggregate stability of latex systems and the mechanism of action, which is basedon the interaction of cationic surfactant micelles with latex globules carrying anionic surfactants on the surfaceis proposed.The use of cationic surfactants can eliminate the use of sodium chloride in the industry of separating emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber from latex, as well as solve some environmental problems.The final stage of theinvestigationwas to determinethe parametersof rubber compounds and vulcanizates based on the rubber. These rubbers, rubber compounds and vulcanizates correspond to standard parameters.
Surface identification of undermined spaces with the use of soil radon emanometry
Authors: ANDRÁSSY Erik , MOJZEŠ Andrej , NOGOVÁ Ema , ČANGEL Ondrej
Published: July 2021

Several surface geophysical methods were used to study the displays of undermined spaces in their physical fields and to try to distinguish undermined from non-undermined parts of underground mining area. The studied area of the Čáry lignite mine in the Western Slovakia represents an actively subsided place with high risk to the population. Despite very low radioactivity and relatively high gas permeability of building geological formations, the results of soil radon emanometry show the possibility of radon gas accumulation inside the undermined spaces, but their permanent subsidence causes loosing of overlying material and escape of radon gas. The boundaries (edges) of undermined and sunken areas were identified as the only places with increased values of 222Rn activity, probably due to the presence of vertical supporting mine walls allowing radon gas accumulation and upward movement. Thus, the soil radon emanometry clearly indicates the borders between undermined or sunken and non-undermined parts.
Ecological Restoration in “Liquid Societies”
Authors: Dorondel Ștefan , Şerban Stelu , Tudor Marian
Published: July 2021

This article tells the story of possibly the first ecological restoration project in the postsocialist world (1994), which is an example of a broader set of ecological restorations carried out in Eastern Europe. By exploring the two intertwined processes of the ecological restoration of an island in the Danube Delta and the advancement of neoliberal economic ideas through land reform, decollectivization, and land privatization, we contribute to the understanding of ecological restoration in societies in turmoil. We engage a social sciences perspective in order to show the entanglement between ecological restoration processes and institutions, political arrangements, and various forms of land tenure. This theoretical perspective also shows a model all too often present in ecological restoration projects: a proclivity for adopting a neoliberal approach toward administrating natural resources at the expense of local ecological knowledge and the local administration of natural resources.
How Does the Use of the Augmented Reality Technology in Mathematics Education Affect Learning Processes?: A Systematic Review
Authors: Palancı Abdulkadir , Turan Zeynep
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to examine the methodological trends of studies using the Augmented Reality (AR) technology in mathematics education and reveal basic findings obtained from the studies. In this context, a systematic review process was conducted in the Web of Science database and 86 studies obtained as a consequence were reviewed. In this systematic review study, the content analysis method has been used to analyze the data. As a result of analyzing the studies reviewed, it was observed that related studies increased as from 2010, and the qualitative method was the most frequently used. It was determined that materials in the studies were usually designed using the Unity3D and Vuforia platforms. In the studies reviewed, it was seen that the most frequently faced advantages of AR in mathematics education were that it supported learning and motivation and enhanced the spatial abilities of students. Additionally, the most frequent disadvantages of AR in mathematics education were that it caused technical inconveniences and it is difficult to develop materials through AR. Students show resistance against new technology, and it causes health problems in extended use. Finally, recommendations for researchers and practitioners have been presented based on the findings obtained from this systematic review.
The Comparison of Turkish and Chinese Primary Math Teacher Education Programs
Authors: Özkan Elgün İmgehan , Uysal Funda
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to compare Turkey and China in terms of admission to primary math teacher education programs, the content of primary math teacher training programs and appointment to teaching post. Within the scope of this aim, document analysis method was used in the study. As data sources the websites of Ministry of Education, OECD, National Center on Education and Economy and articles on primary Mathematics teacher education systems and teacher education systems in general were used. The documents were examined in terms of conditions of admission to teacher education programs, the content of curriculum and the appointment to teaching post in Turkey and China. While choosing the countries, 2018 PISA Math results of China and Turkey were considered. According to the findings of the study it was concluded that although Turkey and China have some similarities in terms of conditions of admission to teacher education programs, the content of curriculum and the appointment to teaching post, there are also big differences between two countries. Accordingly, some suggestions are proposed especially for the Turkish teacher education system. Some of the suggestions are increasing the hours of practicum, having an interview before they are accepted to education programs, having an interview and a written exam in every five years after they are appointed to a teaching post.
Benefit of spinal cord stimulation for patients with central poststroke pain: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Hosomi Koichi , Yamamoto Takamitsu , Agari Takashi , Takeshita Shinichiro , Tanei Takafumi , Imoto Hirochika , Mori Nobuhiko , Oshino Satoru , Kurisu Kaoru , Kishima Haruhiko , Saitoh Youichi
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered an ineffective procedure for patients with central poststroke pain (CPSP). However, recent case series that included small numbers of patients reported the possible efficacy of SCS as a treatment of CPSP. This multicenter retrospective study aimed to examine the outcomes of using SCS to treat patients with CPSP and to explore factors related to outcomes.

METHODS

The authors reviewed the medical records of patients with CPSP who underwent SCS to collect data regarding their background, surgical information, and outcomes of SCS at trial stimulation and last follow-up after long-term implantation in six study centers. Outcomes were evaluated with a pain score for intensity (range 0–10) and the Patient Global Impression of Changes (PGIC) scale. Factors associated with outcomes were explored with univariable and multivariable analyses.

RESULTS

The authors collected data from a total of 166 patients (mean age 63.4 years; mean pain score at baseline 8.2). Of these patients, 163 underwent trial stimulation. The mean pain score decreased by 42.0%, 104 (64%) patients had ≥ 30% decrease in pain score, and 96 (59%) reported much or very much improved condition on the PGIC scale at trial stimulation. Moreover, 106 (64%) patients underwent long-term implantation of SCS devices. The mean decrease in pain score was 41.4%, 63 (59%) patients continued to show ≥ 30% decrease in pain score at last follow-up, and 60 (56%) reported much or very much improved condition on the PGIC scale at last follow-up (median [range] follow-up period 24 [24–63] months). Eleven device-related complications and 10 permanent explantations were observed. Univariable and multivariable analyses suggested that young age, less sensory disturbance, implantation of cervical leads, treatment of upper-limb pain, and extensive treated regions were associated with satisfactory outcomes at last follow-up after long-term implantation.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings indicate that SCS may modestly benefit patients with CPSP. SCS has therapeutic potential for patients with intractable CPSP owing to the lower invasiveness of the SCS procedure and refractory nature of CPSP. Nevertheless, trial stimulation is necessary because of the high initial failure rate.
Evaluation of a patient-specific algorithm for predicting distribution for convection-enhanced drug delivery into the brainstem of patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Authors: Wembacher-Schroeder Eva , Kerstein Nicole , Bander Evan D. , Pandit-Taskar Neeta , Thomson Rowena , Souweidane Mark M.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

With increasing use of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of drugs, the need for software that can predict infusion distribution has grown. In the context of a phase I clinical trial for pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), CED was used to administer an anti-B7H3 radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, iodine-124–labeled omburtamab. In this study, the authors retrospectively evaluated a software algorithm (iPlan Flow) for the estimation of infusate distribution based on the planned catheter trajectory, infusion parameters, and patient-specific MRI. The actual infusate distribution, as determined on MRI and PET imaging, was compared to the distribution estimated by the software algorithm. Similarity metrics were used to quantify the agreement between predicted and actual distributions.

METHODS

Ten pediatric patients treated at the same dose level in the NCT01502917 trial conducted at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were considered for this retrospective analysis. T2-weighted MRI in combination with PET imaging was used to determine the distribution of infusate in this study. The software algorithm was applied for the generation of estimated fluid distribution maps. Similarity measures included object volumes, intersection volume, union volume, Dice coefficient, volume difference, and the center and average surface distances. Acceptable similarity was defined as a simulated distribution volume (Vd Sim) object that had a Dice coefficient higher than or equal to 0.7, a false-negative rate (FNR) lower than 50%, and a positive predictive value (PPV) higher than 50% compared to the actual Vd (Vd PET).

RESULTS

Data for 10 patients with a mean infusion volume of 4.29 ml (range 3.84–4.48 ml) were available for software evaluation. The mean Vd Sim found to be covered by the actual PET distribution (PPV) was 77% ± 8%. The mean percentage of PET volume found to be outside the simulated volume (FNR) was 34% ± 10%. The mean Dice coefficient was 0.7 ± 0.05. In 8 out of 10 patients, the simulation algorithm fulfilled the combined acceptance criteria for similarity.

CONCLUSIONS

iPlan Flow software can be useful to support planning of trajectories that produce intraparenchymal convection. The simulation algorithm is able to model the likely infusate distribution for a CED treatment in DIPG patients. The combination of trajectory planning guidelines and infusion simulation in the software can be used prospectively to optimize personalized CED treatment.