bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Survival in Türkiye as of 2020
Authors: Eser Sultan , Örün Hüseyin , Hamavioğlu Ege , Lofti Fereshteh
Published: December 2023

Background: Cancer registration is better understood with the Globocan project. In our article, we compiled the cancer incidence, mortality, and survival data of Türkiye. We presented incidence and mortality-related data from the Global Cancer Observatory, and survival-related data from CONCORD-3. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) were excluded from interpretations for all indicators. The number of new cancer cases in Türkiye with a population of more than 80 million was estimated as 227,310 people in total, 128,802 in men and 98,508 in women. In the same year, 125,788 people were estimated that died due to cancer, of which 78,633 were men and 47,155 were women. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 (ASIR, world standard population) of all cancers except for NMSC was estimated to be 225.6 (283.0 for men and 184.0 for women). The five most common cancers were breast cancer with an ASIR of 46.6, following prostate cancer (ASIR = 42.5), lung cancer (ASIR = 40.0), colorectal cancer (ASIR = 20.6), and thyroid cancer (ASIR = 14.3). The age-standardized mortality rate per 100,000 (ASMR, world standard population) of all cancers was estimated to be 119.9 (171.0 for men, 81.1 for women). The top 5 most common cancers for both sexes and all age groups were lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, and thyroid cancers, respectively. On the other hand, the top 5 most common cancer-caused deaths for both sexes and all age groups were lung, colorectal, stomach, pancreas, and breast cancers, respectively. The top 5 cancers with the worst 5-year age-standardized net survival rate for the sites of cancers in Türkiye between 2010 and 2014 were as follows: pancreas 10.4%, lung 14.9%, liver 15.9%, esophagus 19.0% and stomach 24.9%. Not only existing and increasing potential behavioral and possible environmental/occupational and metabolic risk factors over time are a public health threat for Türkiye, but also some unchangeable factors e.g. the aging population and the prolongation of life expectancy are contributing to increased cancer incidence. The prevalences of tobacco use and obesity are alarming. Policies to combat risk factors should be strengthened, especially the implementation of legal regulation regarding tobacco control in the field to achieve control of tobacco-related cancers. Incidence, mortality, and survival data are also considered, and preventive strategies with public health principles should be strengthened. In addition, population-based cancer registries and research on cancer epidemiology based on the data released from these registries should be supported.
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, report of a rare case
Authors: Darvishi Behnaz , Farhad Negin , Ramezani Mazaher
Published: December 2023

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease that is inherited autosomal dominantly and may be associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) in 10-20% of cases. Different phenotypes are related to the form of lesions in different parts of the body, including skin, brain, kidneys, lungs, and heart. The age of the patient, the location of the tumor, and associated skin or neurological lesions may guide the pathologist for a definite diagnosis. Here we report a case of SEGA in an adolescent with TSC. Neurological clues including seizure and mental retardation, facial angiofibroma, renal mass, and histopathology examination of the brain tumor culminated in the diagnosis of TSC and SEGA.
AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model
Authors: Wibowo Bogi Pratomo , Kalim Handono , Khotimah Husnul , Sujuti Hidayat , Rukmigarsari Ettie , Erwan Nabila Erina
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Salmonella infection plays a role in developing this cancer, which is chronically related to the avirulence protein A (AvrA) effector protein produced by the bacteria. This study was conducted to point out the effect of AvrA Salmonella on the occurrence of CRC through the regulation of TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β expressions in the azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) CRC model.METHODS: A randomized control group post-test-only study was conducted using male Balb/c mice with 30-gram body weight (10-12 weeks), which were divided into three groups, namely the negative control (normal mice without any treatment), positive control (AOM/DSS-treated mice), treatment 1 (T1) (AOM/DSS-treated mice + AvrA Salmonella) groups. Colon tissue was collected and then prepared for immunohistochemistry staining using TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 antibodies, whereas apoptotic cells were stained using TUNEL assay.RESULTS: The expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, Ki67, and apoptosis percentage indicated significant differences among the three groups, which statistically showed p<0.05 in all observed parameters. The mean of all parameters was far more significant in the T1 group than in the negative and positive control groups.CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that AvrA Salmonella could increase the expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 and decrease the apoptotic percentage. Thus, AvrA Salmonella influences CRC tumorigenesis through TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β and is suggested as a potential target in future preventive and curative management for CRC.KEYWORDS: AvrA Salmonella, carcinogenesis, colorectal cancer
Valores constitucionales: su relación y distinción con los derechos y principios para la resolución de casos en materia civil
Authors: Galbán Rodríguez Liuba
Published: December 2023

Durante años, en la práctica judicial mundial, particularmente en las jurisdicciones ordinarias civiles, los jueces han preferido interpretar y aplicar derechos y principios, y no valores constitucionales, en la solución de casos concretos, debido fundamentalmente a dificultades de diferenciación entre ellos. Este artículo pretende aportar a los jueces civiles algunos elementos que coad­yuven a clarificar tal estrecha relación, y a la vez, poner de presente distinciones que existen entre tales figuras jurídicas; demuestra que el empleo de los valores constitucionales para la solución de casos que versen sobre derechos de las per­sonas no es monopolio exclusivo de los jueces de la jurisdicción constitucional.
¿Sueñan las máquinas con contratar? Un estudio sobre smart contracts y consentimiento algorítmico
Authors: Cáceres Malagón Jorge Andrey
Published: December 2023

El artículo presenta al lector las características y el contexto histórico en el que surgieron los smart contracts, luego los clasifica y describe su inciden­cia en la teoría general de los contratos, para lo cual distingue entre sistemas de automatización de la ejecución contractual y contratos inteligentes en sentido estricto, afirmando que estos últimos requieren del uso de inteligencia artificial. Lo anterior conduce al abordaje del concepto de consentimiento algorítmico y, finalmente, permite ofrecer algunas conclusiones acerca de su impacto en el derecho del consumo y el mercado financiero colombiano.
Proposed Law for the European Health Data Space in Context
Authors: Křepelka Filip
Published: December 2023

Analysing electronic health records could improve medicine, but personal data protection impedes this research. The European Health Data Space shall unleash these data. The focus now shifts on how best to balance this effort while at the same time protecting patients' privacy and autonomy. Still, we need to address the reality. Research on images, laboratory results and prescriptions will be easy, as they are electronic. However, the written core of health records is not structured, and establishing summaries for all patients is challenging. Regulations instead of directives are a laudable solution to help simplify the situation. Nonetheless, new challenges emerge with the co-existence of supranational and national frameworks if the former is to have far-reaching ambitions.
Criminal and Civil Aspects Of Healthcare Worker Liability For Medical Malpractice in Croatia
Authors: Šago Dinka
Published: December 2023

A healthcare worker's liability for damage caused to patients can be criminal, civil, misdemeanour, and disciplinary, with the necessary precondition that the damage was caused as a result of medical malpractice or negligence, and not as a result of the regular course of the disease. The paper analyzes the criminal law and civil law aspects of the healthcare worker's responsibility for damage caused by medical malpractice through the provision of medical care. The imprecise definition of the legal nature of the healthcare worker's responsibility, the obligations that the law imposes on doctors, the definition of malpractice in medical treatment, as well as the legal basis of responsibility, indicate the existence of many legal dilemmas that require additional analysis to which we would like to contribute with this paper. Because of a broad concept of issues in healthcare worker's liability, this paper aims to explain the material assumptions of criminal (duty to act) and civil (negligence) liability and discusses the legal position of a medical expert in both types of proceedings.
СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МАНИПУЛЯТОРОМ НА ОСНОВЕ БИОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ СИГНАЛОВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Authors: Бошляков Андрей Анатольевич , Жарков Максим Иванович , Шилов Никита Александрович
Published: December 2023

В статье проведен обзор различных методов управления манипулятором, аргументирован выбор конкретного метода, исходя из заданных требований к условиям работы, произведен выбор аппаратных средств для реализации метода, а также рассмотрены методы фильтрации задающего сигнала и способы его преобразования в сигнал управления манипулятором.
Histological significance of various types of adipose tissue (literature review)
Authors: Sirak Alla G. , Grigorova Alina N. , Pashneva Elena I. , Zheurova Maria O. , Dolgashova Marina A. , Piskareva Evgeniya I. , Arutyunova Alina P. , Lyubanskaya Olga V.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the most significant modern aspects in the study of morphofunctional properties of various types of adipose tissue currently known (white, brown, beige).
The purpose of the work is to generalize and expand knowledge about morphofunctional features in the structure and origin of each type.
Material and methods: The analysis of data taken from 50 literary sources and the most popular scientific citation search engines of the Russian and foreign platforms (RSCI, PubMed, Web of Science) was carried out.
Results: Studies of adipose tissue are mainly devoted to the development of metabolic syndrome, adaptation of the body to low temperature, physical exertion, regulation of thermogenesis. However, the role of each type of adipose tissue and the study of its morphofunctional changes in tissue repair require a special research approach.
Conclusion: The study of secreted adiponectins as growth factors opens up new links in the regeneration and regulation of the activity of epithelial stem cells, the rate of progression of the hair growth cycle, wound regeneration and in the regulation of hematopoiesis. The study of various types of adipose tissue is a promising direction that allows us to further deepen knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic syndrome.
Digital Technologies for Train Passage through Sections and Stations — the Basis for Organizing Traffic on Moscow Central Diameters
Authors: Rozenberg Efim , Markov Aleksey , Ozerov Aleksey
Published: December 2023

train separation, automatic block system, ABTC-MSh system, moving block, interlocking, automatic cab signalling, train control system The article discusses the development of automatic block systems, which form the basis of separation systems. It also highlights the key factors limiting the capacity on open lines, and ways to solve them. A brief overview of the foreign experience of the organization of train separation using automatic block system based on track circuits is given. The article shows the capabilities and role of the computerbased automatic block signalling system with a centralized placement of equipment, audio frequency track circuits and duplicating information transmission channels as an important element of the train traffic management at the sections of Moscow Central Diameters. The significance of the implemented non-stop passage of trains along the main station tracks providing substantial section capacity increase is demonstrated. The necessity of building a digital system for train spacing is shown, which makes it possible to implement the moving block technology with-in the station ensuring the movement of trains on open lines and at stations with the same headway. The advantages of a new type of the computer-based automatic block signalling system as a basic element of a promising Russian train traffic control system and the positive effects of its implementation on the Russian railway network are indicated. The direction of development of train separation systems is outlined within the framework of further digitalization.
Pentingnya Pelayanan Kefarmasian secara Daring sebagai Konsekuensi Adanya Penerapan Physical Distancing saat Pandemi Covid-19 di Jawa Timur
Authors: Susanto Leonard , Setyoningrum Oktaviani  , Siti Rahmaniah Sekaryadi  , Vina Aulia Tri Andriana  , Nurul Usmia  , , Esti Rahayuningtyas  , Hendrayanti Haniyah Putri  , Brigitta Alvina Kumalasari  , Dyan Churniawan Syaputra  , Steven Guitomo  , Atikah Luthfiyyah Sari  , Bagus Dwi Zufar  , Nadhifa Hanunnisa  , Qonita Zulfa Rachmawati  , Wahyu Utami
Published: December 2023

Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pertama kali ditemukan pada tahun 2019 di Kota Wuhan, Tiongkok. Penyebaran virus yang masif membuat organisasi kesehatan dunia (WHO) menyatakan wabah Covid-19 sebagai pandemi. Hal tersebut membawa perubahan dalam kehidupan bersosial akibat adanya kewajiban untuk menjaga jarak termasuk dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kefarmasian. Pelayanan kefarmasian secara daring dapat menjadi solusi dari adanya pembatasan sosial yang diterapkan selama pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara komunikasi masyarakat dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kefarmasian di masa pandemi dengan menerapkan physical distancing, mengetahui pelayanan kefarmasian yang dirasakan selama penerapan physical distancing, serta memberikan edukasi dalam rangka peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat jawa timur terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian secara daring. Berdasarkan klasifikasi menurut tujuannya, penelitian ini tergolong  sebagai penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data didapatkan melalui survei menggunakan teknik random sampling. Penelitian ini melibatkan 223 responden yang merupakan masyarakat Jawa Timur dengan mayoritas usia 21 tahun. Dari hasil penelitian diketemukan bahwa responden memiliki pengetahuan terkait physical distancing yang baik (98,2%) namun kurangnya kesadaran untuk mengimplementasikannya. Dalam pelayanan kefarmasian, responden merasakan adanya perubahan akibat penerapan pembatasan sosial saat pandemi. Sebagian besar responden memiliki ketertarikan untuk menggunakan pelayanan kefarmasian secara daring (82.96%) jika tersedia. Sebanyak 29,15% dari total responden pernah menggunakan pelayanan kefarmasian secara daring. Umumnya pelayanan didapatkan melalui aplikasi kesehatan (54,95%) dan whatsapp (35,16%) dengan frekuensi pemakaian yang rendah (1-2 kali dalam 6 bulan terakhir). Responden yang pernah menggunakan pelayanan kefarmasian secara daring memiliki intensi untuk memanfaatkannya kembali di masa yang akan datang. Namun, tidak semua apotek menyediakan layanan tersebut. Sehingga edukasi pelayanan kefarmasian menjadi penting untuk dilakukan guna mendukung penerapan physical distancing di masa pandemi COVID-19 ini.
Pengaruh Media Sosial terhadap Penerapan Physical Distancing sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Remaja Jawa Timur
Authors: Saskia Faizah Maulida , Salsabila Atikah , Dwi Intansari Ayunda Pitra , Budiastutik Cica Maryuni , Qurotaayun Diah , Rahman Fakhrinnisa Wildani , Lestari Indri , Rahmawati Libna Rizqi , Ghaliyah Mahjatul , Fikr Militan Raushan , Rahayu Muga Wiji , Dwi Eradianto Muhammad Rio , Alifa Nadila , Jasmine Syifani Arihatu , - Mufarrihah
Published: December 2023

Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku remaja mengenai langkah pencegahan penularan Covid-19 di masyarakat memegang peranan yang sangat penting, termasuk physical distancing. Jumlah kasus Covid-19 di Jawa Timur hingga tanggal 18 September 2021 tercatat sebanyak 392.000 orang, dengan 12,6% kasus berasal dari kelompok usia anak-anak dan remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara media sosial dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku remaja terkait physical distancing. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik convenience sampling dengan kuesioner online melalui Google form. Responden penelitian ini adalah remaja berusia 15-19 tahun di Jawa Timur sebanyak 159 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan (92,45%), sikap (96,14%), dan perilaku (78,43%) remaja di Jawa Timur berada pada kategori baik. Intensitas paparan informasi terkait physical distancing di media sosial berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan (p=0,040), sikap (p= 0,000), dan perilaku (p= 0,020) remaja di Jawa Timur terkait physical distancing. Sedangkan intensitas penggunaan media sosial dan melihat pengguna media sosial yang tidak menerapkan physical distancing tidak berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku remaja di Jawa Timur tentang physical distancing. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa remaja di Jawa Timur yang sering mendapatkan informasi terkait physical distancing di media sosial menunjukkan bahwa mereka memiliki pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik, namun implementasinya masih kurang baik. Penelusuran lebih lanjut terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hambatan penerapan physical distancing diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan remaja dalam menerapkan physical distancing.
Keyakinan dan Motivasi Remaja Putri di Surabaya untuk Melakukan Vaksinasi HPV
Authors: Sihab Fawaz , Hafsyah Nisriena Wijdan , Arifianto Rahmat , Azizah Karisma Nor , Natalie Rachel , Edhi Narendrani Sasmitaning , Putri Azzahra Sefiansyah Nabila , Mailana Pinta Achutiara , Bazzam Gabriellatifah , Albariqy Muhammad Atras , Sukorini Anila Impian
Published: December 2023

Kanker serviks adalah penyakit menular seksual yang disebabkan oleh Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) . Kanker serviks berisiko tinggi tertular pada remaja berusia 15-16 tahun. Vaksinasi HPV dilakukan untuk pencegahan penyebaran kanker serviks. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Health Belief Model (HBM) dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keyakinan dan motivasi remaja putri di Surabaya untuk melaksanakan vaksinasi HPV. Metode pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan adalah accidental sampling dengan 103 sampel remaja putri berusia 17-25 tahun yang berdomisili di Surabaya.  Mayoritas responden berusia 20-22 tahun dengan riwayat tingkat pendidikan terakhir SMA dan sebanyak 98,1% berstatus belum menikah. Pada teori HBM, sebanyak 93,2% responden meyakini bahwa keparahan penyakit kanker serviks dapat menyebabkan kematian dan 87,3% responden berinisiatif melakukan vaksinasi HPV karena khawatir dengan akibat terkena kanker serviks. Adanya dukungan orang tua dan pemberian informasi terkait pelaksanaan vaksinasi HPV dapat mempengaruhi motivasi untuk melakukan vaksinasi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya penyebaran informasi dan peningkatan keyakinan perlu dilakukan kepada remaja putri beserta keluarganya guna meningkatkan motivasi melakukan vaksinasi HPV.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards the Appropriate Use of Anti-Acne Products amongst Youths and Adults
Authors: Shamsul Anuar Nur Qamarina , Muhammad Syawal  , Muhammad Izatul Ammar  , Muhammad Faiz  , Melissa Izzati  , Nurfarah Wahidah  , Leng Xiao Qian  , Shandhiyaa  , Zahra Aisha Hafizah  , Elida Zairina
Published: December 2023

Acne is the most common skin disorder, especially in youths and adults, regardless of gender. However, with the wide range of ages and education, people's knowledge, attitudes, and practices might be diverse. Therefore, it is essential to understand the correct treatment. This study aimed to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards the appropriate use of anti-acne in the community. The study was carried out in the neighbouring area of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, using a validated questionnaire. The data were analyzed with nonparametric correlation using Spearman Correlation. According to the data collected from 103 participants, about 62.1 % (n=64) had a moderate level of knowledge, 50.5 % had a positive attitude toward using anti-acne products, and 61.2 % (n=63) had positive responses in the practice of using anti-acne products. There was a positive correlation between the participant's knowledge and practice (p<0.001; r= 0.388). This study concludes that a health promotion program is a warranty to increase the public's level of knowledge.
Pengetahuan dan Tindakan Penyimpanan Obat pada Keluarga di Kelurahan Mulyorejo
Authors: Princesa Renata Anindya Mubarok  , Kadek Ayu Happy Calista Nova  , Renata Diva Erifiannisa  , Mar’atun Qonyta  , Miftahul Nabighoh Kuswardahningrum  , Sitya Fibriani  , Alya Az Zahro  , Nurlaili  , Agung Bagus Nugroho  , Anila Impian Sukorini
Published: December 2023

Penyimpanan obat yang tidak tepat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas obat. Di Indonesia, persentase rumah tangga yang menyimpan obat untuk swamedikasi cukup besar. Berdasarkan penelitian, masyarakat seringkali tidak memperhatikan ketentuan yang seharusnya dilakukan dalam penyimpanan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pengetahuan dan tindakan penyimpanan obat pada keluarga di kawasan Kelurahan Mulyorejo, Surabaya. Desain penelitian secara observasional dengan metode cross-sectional dan pemilihan sampel secara convenience sampling. Kriteria inklusi responden yaitu keluarga di RT 3, RW 1 Kecamatan Mulyorejo Kelurahan Mulyorejo yang sedang menyimpan obat. Sebelum pengambilan data, responden telah mengisi informed consent. Sebanyak 84 sampel memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Data diambil dengan kuesioner dan lembar observasi lalu dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif menggunakan program IBM SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 2 responden (2,4%) dengan kategori pengetahuan rendah, 41 responden (48,8%) kategori sedang, dan 41 responden (48,8%) kategori tinggi. Dilihat dari tindakan penyimpanan 278 obat, sebanyak 86 obat (30,9%)  disimpan pada kotak obat dan 192 obat (69,1%) disimpan di tempat lain. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat tidak sejalan dengan tindakan penyimpanan obat yang benar karena masyarakat masih kurang mempraktikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki terkait penyimpanan obat dengan benar yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan diri dan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu masyarakat perlu diberikan edukasi yang lebih lanjut mengenai penyimpanan obat yang benar dan juga kebijakan publik yang menekankan kepada penyimpanan obat yang benar.
Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat tentang Peredaran Obat dan Makanan secara Daring
Authors: Nabila Azzahra Putri Sujarwo  , Sevana Prabha Dewi  , Sonia Mirari Primanita  , Clairine Angelia  , Dita Salsabila Choiron  , Hasna Kurnia Dewi  , Zahra Penta Apsari Ginting  , Brahma Wisnu Kusuma Wardhana  , Savira Rizky Meisya Amalia  , Armitha Fesha Ayura  , Gesnita Nugraheni
Published: December 2023

Saat ini, masyarakat banyak melakukan pembelian obat dan makanan secara daring. Meskipun pemerintah Indonesia sudah memiliki peraturan tentang obat dan makanan yang diedarkan secara daring, tetapi masih banyak ditemukan obat dan platform yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang bertujuan mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang peredaran obat secara daring. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa aktif jenjang D3 hingga S1 yang berkuliah di perguruan tinggi yang berlokasi di Kota Surabaya. Kriteria inklusi responden adalah pernah melakukan pembelian obat secara daring selama 2 tahun terakhir, bersedia menjadi responden dan mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap. Pengambilan data dengan survei online menggunakan kuesioner. Validasi kuesioner dilakukan dengan validasi isi dan rupa. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi. Sebanyak 127 orang berpartisipasi pada survei ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 63,8% (n=81) responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kategori sedang terkait pemahaman pembelian obat secara daring. Dari 333 alasan membeli obat secara daring, aspek kepraktisan merupakan alasan yang terpopuler (69,29%). Dari 199 obat yang dibeli secara daring, obat bebas merupakan yang terbanyak dibeli oleh responden (41,73%). Halodoc merupakan platform paling banyak dipilih oleh responden (61,42%). Alasan memilih platform tersebut karena sebanyak 65,40% responden melihat tokonya sudah terverifikasi. Mayoritas pengetahuan masyarakat tentang peredaran obat pada kategori sedang. Sehingga perlu ditingkatkan lagi khususnya terkait obat-obat yang dilarang diedarkan secara online. Apoteker diharapkan terus melakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat mengenai cara peredaran obat dan makanan yang benar.
Profil Farmakoepidemiologi Suplemen Penambah Darah dan Pengukuran Kualitas Hidup pada Ibu Hamil di UPT Puskesmas Kecamatan Kongbeng Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Lujuk Herlina , Clara Ritawany Sinaga  , Wiwi Erwina
Published: December 2023

Kualitas kesehatan anak yang dikandung sangat dipengaruhi asupan gizi dan kesehatan ibunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan profil penggunaan sumplemen penambah darah (jenis dan pola konsumsi;, efek terapi dan efek sampingnya; pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan terhadap pentingnya mengkonsumsi suplemen penambah darah; dan untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kecamatan Kongbeng Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan lembar kuesioner EQ-5D-5L selama bulan Mei – Juni 2023 pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Kongbeng. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis univariat deskriptif, pola konsumsi suplemen penambah darah, pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan dalam mengkonsumsi suplemen penambah darah dan  kualitas hidup. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh 70 responden ibu hamil yang mengkonsumsi kombinasi tablet zat besi, dan asam folat sebanyak 77,4 %. Terdapat 87,14 % ibu hamil yang tidak mengalami anemia berdasarkan kadar Hb. Mayoritas ibu hamil merasakan efek samping mual atau muntah (45,71%). Terdapat  72,86 % ibu hamil yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik, 78,57 % sikap ibu hamil baik, dan 67,86 % tindakan yang kurang baik. Indeks utilitas ibu hamil yang diukur dengan kuesioner kualitas hidup EQ-5D-5L menunjukkan hasil 0,861  0,155.
Correlation Between Sleep Duration and Visual Acuity: A Single Center Study
Authors: Arianto Huda Fajar , Pasaribu Irma Andriani , Artati Indira Retno
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Students, especially at the senior high school level, are increasingly required to be able to develop according to predetermined standards. When the duration of learning increases, unconsciously, the duration of using the eyes also increases while the sleep duration decreases. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the correlation between short duration of sleep and decreased visual acuity among senior high school students. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted, in which the students filled out questionnaires and underwent visual examination. The population was all final-year students at one of Sidoarjo Senior High School in East Java, with the age range of 16-18 years. Two variables involved in this study were sleep duration and visual acuity of the left and right eye. The data will be analyzed using Spearman Rho correlation analysis to determine the cause and effect of the two variables studied. Results: The sample according to the gender was 45.5% male and 54.5% female. The sample according to the age range was 76.1% in 17 years old and 23.9 % in 18 years old. The correlation test results were 0.277 and 0.009 for the correlation coefficient and the significance value for the right eye. The results were 0.234 for the correlation coefficient and 0.028 for the significance value for the left eye. There was a significant correlation between sleep duration and the visual acuity reduction. Conclusions: This study reveals that less sleep duration of the final year students between 16-18 years old range may be associated with reduced visual acuity among students.
Public speech as a tool for nation-building: An analysis of Thabo Mbeki’s speeches
Authors: Chaka Mpho , Adanlawo Eyitayo Francis
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the discursive strategies used in major speeches in South Africa with distinct socio-political systems, which put nation-building in a central place, making the nation both the context and an analytical unit for the study of nation-building. The research question that needed to be answered was: to what extent does a presidential speech, as a tool, reflect South Africa’s nation-building objectives? This study specifically examined various discursive techniques used in the political language of former President Thabo Mbeki. Two speeches by former President Thabo Mbeki were collected from the GCIS website. A general textual description of the speeches is made in terms of lexis and syntax to uncover the underlying ideology in the speeches. Thematic content analysis was adopted. The analysis was predominantly qualitative, supported by some statistical data, on the assumption that a purely qualitative analysis would not necessarily yield reliable results. The occurrence of linguistic features was presented; each text was transcribed and marked for relevant linguistic features.  The critical discourse analysis revealed that, on a macro-level, the text of the speeches can be viewed as a manifestation of larger socio-political processes within the country. The texts illustrate a type of political speech positioned in a society in transition, as there are references to building a cohesive society, policy implementation, new programs of government, job creation, and poverty alleviation. The speeches did serve as a nation-building tool, as they conveyed the steps undertaken by the South African government to strive towards an inclusive and all-encompassing approach in an effort to achieve nation-building.
Employing online modalities in the universities within the post-Covid-19 and 4IR Era
Authors: Adekanmbi Foluso Philip , Ukpere Wilfred Isioma
Published: December 2023

The psychological, behavioral, and technological impacts of adopting online modalities in the Universities within the post-COVID-19 and 4IR era were assessed in this paper. The current researcher obtained informed consent from the 125 academic staff members from five universities in four provinces—the University of Pretoria, University of Johannesburg, Durban University of Technology, University of Western Cape, and North-West University—through a cross-sectional survey methodology. This study's researcher promoted voluntary participation and ensured ethical standards were respected. In total, 116 surveys were located and completed. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 was used to clean and analyze the data. This study illustrates how willingness to use online modalities inside universities during the post-COVID-19 and Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is highly influenced by a readiness to change, innovative work behavior, and technological competence. This study demonstrated that adopting online modalities in South African universities during the post-COVID-19 and 4IR periods was significantly influenced by technological proficiency, innovative behavior, and willingness to change.
Exports and economic growth: relationships and threshold analysis for the Southern Africa customs union
Authors: Chiwira Oscar , Muchingami Lovemore , Jambani Lawrence
Published: December 2023

This study examines the short-run and long-run relationships between exports and economic growth in the Sothern Africa Customs Union (SACU), as well as the corresponding threshold level. The study used panel data covering the period 1980 to 2021 and employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds to test for co-integration relationships, and the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) to determine the respective threshold level.  Exports positively support economic growth both in the short-run and in the long-run in SACU. There is long-run bidirectional causality between exports and economic growth. The minimum threshold for exports is 59%. That is, exports only start contributing significantly to economic growth when they are above 59% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). SACU should put in place economic policies and regulations that are skewed towards the improvement of the competitiveness of its local products on the global market and also strategically consider export-oriented industrialization strategies. Efforts should also be channeled towards the implementation of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements and harnessing the synergic benefits through the adoption of deliberate value chain mechanisms and initiatives.
E-governance as a new public administration paradigm: a rhetoric or reality?
Authors: Molobela Terrance , Uwizeyimana Dominique Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

This study was motivated by the need to shift from the illusory perception of longing for e-Governance to be declared a new paradigm of Public Administration. Public Administration is said to be static, but yet dynamic. Implying that the dynamics of Public Administration can incorporate electronic governance (e-Governance) to improve matters of governance, public service delivery, accountability and transparency in public affairs. However, even with an incongruous adoption and implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) within the South African government, this study shed light on the empirical and systematic evidence and analytical distinction between e-Governance and public administration. The analysis suggests that the complexity and implication of e-Governance via the use of ICTs may enhance government efficacy. Still, it cannot be entirely trusted in maintaining administration and government-businesses-citizens interaction partly due to its rapid technological changes and the various conditions of its implementation within different nations including South Africa. With the aid of qualitative research methods, which heavily relied on secondary data gathered from scholarly journals, academic books, trusted databases and websites, this study reveal that there is scant evidence to support research in incorporating e-Governance as a new paradigm of Public Administration due to the imbalance, network failures, inadequate ICTs infrastructure to govern in a democratic manner which include all citizens. This study concludes that e-Governance is already analysed from a public administration dynamic and complementary perspective implying that it is an analytically and structurally incomplete reform to take its full form as a new Public Administration paradigm due to its rapid technological changes.
Óleo essencial, mineral e inseticida no manejo de Duplachionaspis divergens em cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Santos Tarciana Silva dos , Ootani Márcio Akio , Silva Milena Fernandes da , Almeida Thiago Silva de , Andrade Fernanda Helena Nascimento de , Cristiane Stella Aurea , Melo James Correia de
Published: December 2023

A cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum) importante economia Brasileira foram colhidos ± 9 milhões de ha/ano, porém causa desarranjo fitossanitário. Algumas pragas têm atenção do produtor, como as cochonilhas, devido ao tamanho e hábito sedentário, causando prejuízo. Os óleos essenciais vêm como alternativa. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar atividade biológica dos óleos essenciais de três espécies vegetais (Moringa oleífera, Piper marginatum e Lippia sidoides), como também óleo mineral e um inseticida (Decis®) no manejo de Duplachionaspis divergens em mudas micro propagadas de cana-de-açúcar, variedade SP 78 4764. Os tratamentos e as avaliações foram realizados quinzenalmente. Foi verificado que a massa seca área e radicular (MSA e MSR) de todos os tratamentos não obtiveram diferença significativa. Para altura de mudas (ALT), diâmetro do limbo (LIM) e clorofila (CLO) os melhores resultados seguiram do controle de infestação (CI - plantas sadias), os tratamentos positivos (CP 1 - óleo mineral e CP 2 químico – Decis®), respectivamente em comparação com a testemunha negativa (TN - água). Em relação ao nível de população avaliada em 2 cm2 na folha, lado abaxial, foi verificado que aos 30 dias houve uma redução significativa para todos os tratamentos, exceto o tratamento negativo (TN - água), os melhores tratamentos se mantiveram estáveis até os 60 dias, como os tratamentos positivo 1 e 2 (óleo mineral e químico Decis®), e o OE-3 (Lippia sidoides) obteve resultados significativos. O óleo mineral e o controle químico obtiveram respostas importantes no desenvolvimento agronômico e na população de cochonilha, já o óleo essencial Lippia sidoides apenas na população.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS CONTRA O ASSÉDIO E VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL: ESTUDO COMPARADO ENTRE O PROTOCOLO DE BARCELONA “NO CALLAMOS” E O PROJETO DE LEI BRASILEIRO QUE CRIA O PROTOCOLO “NÃO É NÃO”
Authors: Ferraz Deise Brião , Costa Marli Marlene Moraes da
Published: December 2023

O objetivo geral deste apanhado é comparar o Protocolo “No Callamos”, de Barcelona - contra agressões e assédio sexual em espaços de ócio noturno privado e o Projeto de Lei nº 03, de 2023, brasileiro, que cria o Protocolo “Não é Não” de atendimento à mulher vítima de violência sexual ou assédio em discotecas ou estabelecimentos noturnos, eventos festivos, bares, restaurantes ou qualquer outro estabelecimento de grande circulação de pessoas – esse último inspirado no primeiro. O que se pretende com o comparativo é estabelecer tensões, sugestões e observações que possam contribuir com a estruturação da iniciativa brasileira. Como objetivos específicos pretende-se explorar a racionalidade estruturante da violência virilista que objetifica sexualmente mulheres e meninas; compreender a estrutura do Protocolo de Barcelona; analisar as diretrizes do Protocolo brasileiro e, ao final, tecer comparativos que possam instrumentalizar melhorias e críticas ao projeto. Além dos próprios textos normativos, o principal referencial teórico adotado são os estudos sobre saúde mental e dispositivos de gênero, de Valeska Zanello. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória diante da inovação e da escassez de estudos que abordem o tema. O método de abordagem utilizado é o estudo comparado. A conclusão aponta para a necessidade de que o Protocolo brasileiro foque sua atuação em função da vítima e sua dignidade, prioritariamente, e não na persecução penal, desenvolvendo fluxos de atendimento e estratégias comunicativas claras, pois só assim o projeto brasileiro poderá colaborar com a promoção de formas mais igualitárias de acesso ao ócio e lazer para as mulheres.
Benveniste’s Experiments and the So-Called “Water Memory” Phenomenon: an Example of Serendipity?
Authors: BEAUVAIS Francis
Published: December 2023

Benveniste’s experiments – known in the lay press as the “water memory” phenomenon – are generally considered to be a closed case. However, the amount of data generated by twenty years of well-conducted experiments prevents closing the file so simply. An issue, which has been little highlighted so far, merits to be emphasized. Indeed, if Benveniste failed to persuade his peers of the value of his experiments, it was mainly because of a stumbling block, namely the difficulty of convincingly proving the causal relationship between the supposed cause (“informed water”) and the experimental outcomes in different biological models. To progress in the understanding of this phenomenon, we abandon the idea of any role of water in these experiments (“water memory” and its avatars). In other words, we assume that control and test conditions that were evaluated were all physically identical; only their respective designations (labels) differentiated them. As a consequence, labels (“controls” vs. “tests”) and the corresponding states of the biological system (no change vs. change) are independent variables. We show in this article how simple considerations based on probability theory allow to build a probability model where the order of measurements matters. This model provides an alternative explanation to Benveniste’s experiments where water plays no role and where the place of the experimenter is central.
A Convergence Criterion for a Class of Stationary Inclusions in Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Sofonea Mircea , Tarzia Domingo A.
Published: December 2023

We consider a stationary inclusion in a real Hilbert space X, governed by a set of constraints K, a nonlinear operator A and an element f∈X. Under appropriate assumptions on the data the inclusion has a unique solution, denoted by u. We state and prove a covergence criterion, i.e., we provide necessary and sufficient conditions on a sequence {un}⊂X which guarantee its convergence to the solution u. We then present several applications which provide the continuous dependence of the solution with respect to the data K, A and f, on one hand, and the convergence of an associate penalty problem, on the other hand. We use these abstract results in the study of a frictional contact problem with elastic materials which, in a weak formulation, leads to a stationary inclusion for the deformation field. Finally, we apply the abstract penalty method in the anlysis of two nonlinear elastic constitutive laws.
Human Serum Enriched After Absorption of Fish Cartilage Hydrolysate Enhances the Healing of Primary Human Dermal Fibroblasts Through the Expression of Proteins with Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties
Authors: Le Faouder Julie , Gueho Aurelie , Lavigne Regis , Wauquier Fabien , Boutin-Wittrant Line , Bouvret Elodie , Com Emmanuelle , Wittrant Yohann , Pineau Charles
Published: December 2023

Our skin epidermis constitutes the most important innate defense barrier against all pathogens. Therefore, even if skin lesions are common due to infections, scarring, genetic disorders, and other diseases, skin integrity is crucial for maintaining body homeostasis. Marine collagen peptides (MCPs) and Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been described as potential wound healing (WH) agents. Recently, through an ex vivo clinical approach, we have demonstrated the nutricosmetic potential of fish cartilage hydrolysate (FCH), which presents a combination of collagen peptides and GAGs. Here, we coupled a clinical approach with in vitro experiments on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and applied a Data Independent Acquisition - Parallel Accumulation Serial Fragmentation (diaPASEF) proteomic analysis, to assess the potential benefit of FCH in WH and its mode of action. Our results show that human serum enriched with circulating metabolites resulting from FCH ingestion, improved wound closure in scratch assays. In support, some proteins with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties or prone to promote hydration and extracellular matrix (ECM) stability showed increased expression in HDFs, after exposure to FCH-enriched serum. These findings suggest that FCH appears as a promising nutrient for WH and skin regeneration.
Topside Ionospheric Structures Determined by Automatically Detected DEMETER Ion Perturbations
Authors: Li Mei , Yan Hongzhu , Zhang Yongxian
Published: December 2023

In this research, 117,718 ionospheric perturbations, with a space size (t) of 20–300 s but no limit on amplitude (A) have been automatically searched globally by a software from ion density data measured by the DEMETER satellite for more than 6 years. The influence of the solar activity on the ionosphere has been firstly examined and the results have presented that the solar activities can globally enhance ionospheric irregularities but rarely induce plasma variations more than 100%. A statistical work has been performed on ion PERs to check their dependence on local time and it is shown that there are 24.8% perturbations appeared in daytime (10:30 LT) and 75.2% ones in nighttime (22:30 LT). Ionospheric fluctuations with an absolute amplitude A < 10% tend to be background variations and the percentages of positive perturbations with small A < 20% are 64% in daytime and 26.8% in nighttime, respectively, but this number is revers for mid-large amplitude PERs. There is a demarcation point in space size t = 120 s and occurrence probabilities of day PERs are always higher than that of nighttime ones before this point while this trend is contrary after this point. Distributions of PER according to various amplitudes or space scales have been characterized by typical seasonal variations either in daytime or in nighttime. The EIA only exists in dayside equinox and winter occupying two lowlatitude crests with lower Np. The huge WSA appears in all periods except for dayside summer full of PERs with enhanced amplitude, especially in winter night. The WN-like structure can be obviously figured out in all seasons showing absolutely space large-scales. In the meanwhile, several magnetic anomalous zones of planetary scale non-dipole fields, such as the SAMA, Northern Africa anomaly, and so on, have been also successfully detected by extreme negative ion perturbations in this time.
Driving Population Health through Accountable Care Organizations, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Khattabi Ghanim. Hamid
Published: December 2023

Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are healthcare delivery systems that aim to coordinate and improve the quality of care for patients while reducing costs. ACOs bring together doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers to work as a team to care for a defined population of patients. The idea behind ACOs is to shift the focus from paying for each individual service provided to patients, known as fee-for-service, to paying for the overall care and well-being of patients.ACOs typically operate under a shared savings model and also encourages providers to use data and technology to better coordinate care and improve patient outcomes.ACOs can be physician-led organizations, hospital-led organizations, and collaborations between healthcare providers. The success of ACOs depends on many factors, including the level of cooperation and collaboration among healthcare providers, the quality of care provided, and the ability to effectively manage costs.Despite their potential benefits, ACOs also face challenges, including the difficulty of coordinating care across multiple healthcare providers, the need to invest in technology and data management systems, and the challenge of changing provider behavior.This study assessed a number of systemic reviews and journals to assess the impact of ACO’s on population health. ACO’s have shifted away from costly care patterns and thus helped many countries.