bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pédaler, freiner ou chuter : le vélo en images dans les méthodes de lecture scolaires (1880-1960)
Authors: Profillet Lucas
Published: December 2024

Les méthodes d’apprentissage de la lecture sont, depuis la fin du XIX e siècle, des manuels scolaires incontournables dans les écoles françaises. Au cours du XX e siècle, dans ces ouvrages de plus en plus illustrés, les vignettes « sportives » deviennent progressivement plus nombreuses. Dès lors, certaines activités physiques, comme le vélo, y sont particulièrement représentées. Or l’analyse d’un corpus de plus de trois cents manuels, publiés entre 1880 et 1960, montre que l’existence d’images mettant en scène cette pratique corporelle n’est pas fortuite. En effet, dans ces livrets éducatifs, textes et illustrations sont loin d’être insignifiants. Malgré leur caractère parfois distrayant, ils transmettent aux élèves, explicitement ou non, des savoirs, des valeurs, des modèles, des normes, une morale, etc. Ce faisant, pour pouvoir légitimement prendre place dans ces ouvrages pédagogiques, les représentations vélocipédiques doivent se conformer à certains critères : ne jamais gêner les apprentissages, donner constamment à voir des formes corporelles considérées comme acceptables dans le cadre scolaire, etc. Cet article vise donc à comprendre les conditions d’apparition des pratiques vélocipédiques dans les méthodes de lecture. Pour ce faire, il s’agira notamment d’analyser les contraintes pesant sur la mise en images du mouvement des personnages à vélo, mais aussi d’examiner la permanence de certains motifs, comme celui de la chute.
Rokopisna zbirka slovenskih krajevnih imen iz Metelkove zapuščine
Authors: Torkar Silvo , Trpin Drago
Published: December 2024

The historical source, the manuscript collection of Slovenian place names from Metelko’s Legacy, which is kept by the Slovenian National and University Library, has been published in two volumes. The first volume contains the transcription and translation of the German-Slovene lists of 3,178 place names from Upper Carniola, Lower Carniola and the Villach department of Carinthia from 1823, compiled by district clerks. The material is supplemented by a bilingual list of 446 place names, including towns, market towns, parishes, vicariates, local chaplaincies and the names of seigneuries, estates, small seigneuries, manors, castles and monasteries, all of which Metelko recorded in a small notebook.
Volume 2 contains the localization of places and their identification with modern name forms, as well as a linguistic commentary on the name forms attested in the clerks’ lists and Metelko’s notebook, with references to older and more recent historical records. The names are arranged by seigneuries in the same order as in the original manuscript and are presented in four parallel columns: the modern Slovenian form, the genitive form, the Slovenian form from Metelko’s material, and the historical German form. For easier orientation within the name material, the book is accompanied by a comprehensive name index. The volume also includes Metelko’s additional instructions for recording the genitive forms of Slovenian place names.
Et si nous pouvions interviewer le boson de Higgs ?
Authors: Gaddi Giulia
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution se prête à l’exercice d’une anthropologie plastique en proposant une nouvelle de science-fiction (ou de linguistique-fiction), « Un dialogue particulier », où l'autrice imagine une ethnographie du boson de Higgs : une particule élémentaire dont l’existence a été confirmée par l’Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire (CERN) en 2012 avec le plus grand accélérateur de particules au monde, le Grand collisionneur de hadrons (LHC). Cette nouvelle est suivie d’un commentaire, intitulé « Note de l’autrice : Comment dialoguer avec une particule ? », afin de révéler les thématiques anthropologiques sous-jacentes à son artifice d’écriture.
Inventer des « dispositifs génératifs » à la croisée de l’ethnographie et du design
Authors: Milliot Virginie , Paté Léna
Published: December 2024

Cet article revient sous forme dialogique sur une collaboration entre ethnographie et design. Virginie Milliot et Léna Paté ont organisé, dans le mouvement d’une enquête en cours sur les pratiques du Vieux Marché à Bruxelles, le festival « Histoires de Brol ». Elles reviennent sur la manière dont elles ont travaillé à la croisée de leurs deux disciplines pour imaginer une méthode hybride. Dans le processus collaboratif qu’elles ont conçu, les outils du design suivent au plus près les intrigues du terrain pour donner forme à un « dispositif génératif » de réflexion collective.
Dispositifs à variables inconnues
Authors: Grimaud Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

Jeux de rôle, scénarios spéculatifs d’interaction, machines décalées, plateformes expérimentales ou dispositifs d’expérience peuvent produire des effets de réinitialisation d’un problème ou d’une question, même (et surtout si) on n’en maîtrise pas toutes les variables. Plutôt qu’une anthropologie au service du design (for design), une anthropologie du design (of design) ou un design au service de l’anthropologie (design for anthropology) (Murphy, 2016), cet article propose une autre voie : expérimenter aux limites du design une foule de dispositifs à variables inconnues, échappant à l’alternative entre une conception « dure » ou « sauvage » de l’expérience. IA et cinéma sont vus dans ce contexte comme deux phases historiques d’un même programme plastique qui a commencé le jour où les modernes ont décidé que nos yeux ne nous suffisaient plus et qu’il nous fallait voir à travers « un œil aux propriétés analytiques inhumaines » (Epstein). Il s’agit de comprendre les ressorts de ce drôle de programme inachevé, de se situer par rapport à lui, d’en faire l’examen de conscience, d’en jouer plutôt que d’en être le jouet ou de le dépasser.
Un compte rendu épistolaire
Authors: Carton de Grammont Sarah
Published: December 2024

Si je ramasse le propos :– Lisez la pièce de Fabienne Wateau, elle en vaut le détour !– La métaphore du monde comme théâtre est bien sympatoche, mais mettre vraiment l’anthropologie sur une scène est un rude défi ;– Ne faut-il pas de temps à autre saboter ou décaper les genres académiques pour nous souvenir que nous sommes venu·es là par… curiosité ?– Enfin, en résumé, ce résumé ne devrait pas exister puisque l’idée même de résumé est antinomique avec le propos de cet article.
La bibliothèque de Vladimir Tukalevskij. L’exil et ses avatars, de Terijoki à Prague (1913-1936)
Authors: Cirac Stéphanie
Published: December 2024

En 1923, Vladimir Tukalevskij (1881-1936) emporta dans son exil pragois sa bibliothèque, riche de plusieurs milliers de volumes. Cette migration fut géographique, mais aussi politique et institutionnelle : une fois installée dans la capitale tchécoslovaque, la bibliothèque continua d’évoluer, passant par différentes tutelles avant de participer à la fondation de la Bibliothèque slave sous la direction du ministère des Affaires étrangères tchécoslovaques. Au gré de ses pérégrinations, confirmant sa position centrale dans la vie scientifique russe en exil et dans la slavistique européenne, elle fut le témoin de la fragilité des institutions de la Russie de l’étranger, comme l’illustre le destin tragique de Vladimir Tukalevskij.
Können frauen genies werden ?La catégorisation genrée des écrivaines dans le champ de la modernité intellectuelle et littéraire germanophone
Authors: Rosso Alexia
Published: December 2024

Dans cet article, nous mobilisons le genre comme catégorie d’analyse pour nous interroger sur l’écriture de l’histoire littéraire de la modernité germanophone à partir de deux revues culturelles allemandes publiées au tournant des xixe et xxe siècles : Die Gesellschaft et Freie Bühne für modernes Leben/Neue Deutsche Rundschau. En nous appuyant sur ces deux supports, nous évaluons dans quelle mesure la conception alors majoritairement différentialiste des rapports sociaux de sexe a pu informer la manière dont les écrivaines ont été catégorisées dans le champ littéraire et intellectuel entre 1890 et 1902. Replacées dans leur contexte historique et idéologique de publication, ces revues nous donnent en effet un aperçu des différentes visions des rapports sociaux de sexe véhiculées dans les milieux cultivés allemands (Bildungsbürgertum). Il s’agit alors de poser la question de la dimension instituante de ces visions dans les processus de catégorisation des écrivaines à cette période.
Le personnage de la Finlandaise dans le récit Parmi les falaises (1924) de Maria Boretskaïa, au prisme de la tradition littéraire
Authors: Simonova Olga A.
Published: December 2024

L’article s’intéresse à la tradition de la description des Finnoises dans la littérature russe. Elle se divise en deux sous‑types. Le premier, formé par les écrivains réalistes russes, est la Tchoukhonka, un personnage lié à la rationalité et à la volonté d’indépendance, mais doté d’un mauvais caractère. Le second, beaucoup plus éphémère, est un personnage de Finnoise associé à la nature et formé dans la poésie des romantiques et des symbolistes. Dans son récit Parmi les falaises (1924), l’écrivaine bolchevique Maria Boretskaïa a créé un personnage de Finlandaise détaché de ces connotations. Son héroïne construit une identité bolchevique et maternelle.
Le modèle de protection sociale à l’épreuve du travail protégé en France
Authors: Boudinet Mathéa
Published: December 2024

À partir d’une enquête qualitative réalisée en France entre 2018 et 2019 (entretiens et observations), cet article discute la notion de “modèle de protection sociale” théorisée par la sociologue Katharina Heyer, à partir de l’examen de la mise en œuvre des politiques de travail protégé en France. Au vu des évolutions des politiques publiques en termes d’insertion en milieu ordinaire, peut-on encore qualifier les établissements de travail protégé de voies parallèles et séparées du milieu ordinaire? L’article démontre que l’organisation du travail en milieu protégé ne saurait se penser sans ce qui est pratiqué en milieu ordinaire. Le milieu protégé peut constituer une réponse aux besoins spécifiques des personnes handicapées, au vu des dysfonctionnements du modèle des droits en milieu ordinaire de travail. Néanmoins, les pratiques d’organisation du travail en milieu ordinaire guident l’organisation des activités productives, dans leur qualification en termes d’activité de travail, mais également dans l’évaluation du rôle à jouer dans l’insertion professionnelle à l’extérieur de l’ESAT.
The future of sheltered workshops and the right to work
Authors: Heyer Katharina
Published: December 2024

What explains the continued presence of sheltered workshops in the working lives of people with disabilities? Despite global movements towards inclusion and equal access to the open labor market, sheltered workshops remain a prominent feature of disability employment policy, especially for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. This article addresses the future of segregated employment in light of disability human rights law guaranteeing a right to work, most prominently in the CRPD’s employment provisions. In addition, the article examines the UN Committee’s calls towards their gradual abolition, the Committee’s attempts to clarify what counts as segregated employment, and the linking of this segregation to the deinstitutionalization principle. In light of the limitations of human rights doctrine to address the persistence of sheltered workshops, this article then turns to critical disability scholarship on prison abolition, deinstitutionalization, and modern slavery law to suggest new frameworks for theorizing the path towards abolition of segregated disability employment.
Les mangeurs de craies
Authors: Jézéquel Jean-Hervé
Published: December 2024

L’école normale William-Ponty, ouverte au Sénégal en 1903, a été pendant plusieurs décennies le creuset de l’élite politique et intellectuelle de l’Afrique occidentale française (AOF), une fédération créée en 1895 pour gérer administrativement huit colonies françaises d’Afrique de l’Ouest (appelées alors territoires). De ses bancs sont issues des figures prestigieuses et notamment ceux qu’on appelle les « Pères » des indépendances africaines : le Malien Modibo Kéita, le Nigérien Hamani Diori, le Béninois Hubert Maga, le Sénégalais Mamadou Dia, l’Ivoirien Félix Houphouët-Boigny et bien d’autres encore. Mais au-delà de ces cas célèbres, l’école William-Ponty a aussi accueilli des centaines de diplômés anonymes : plus de 2 200 entre 1903 et 1947, une toute petite goutte pour une population de l’AOF estimée à environ 16 millions de personnes à la fin des années 1940. Appelés « Pontins », ils sont instituteurs pour la majorité mais aussi commis d’administration, médecins et vétérinaires. Ce livre propose de jeter un regard nouveau sur un pan mal exploré de la situation coloniale : comment des centaines de jeunes hommes d’Afrique de l’Ouest ont, individuellement aussi bien que collectivement, investi, embrassé, contesté, transformé la manière dont s’est forgée l’appartenance à une élite instruite formée par l’autorité coloniale en AOF.
Traduire la xéno-encyclopédie en finnois et en français : une approche pragmatique
Authors: Carayol Martin
Published: December 2024

La traduction des néologismes revêt une importance particulière dans les œuvres de science-fiction, où ils sont souvent abondants en raison de leur rôle dans l’élaboration de la « xéno-encylopédie », l’ensemble des connaissances relatives au monde fictif construit par l’œuvre. Confronté à l’inventivité lexicale de l’auteur, le traducteur peut se retrouver en difficulté face à la nécessité de trouver un équivalent aussi proche que possible de l’original. Cet article examine les traductions finnoises et françaises des nombreux termes xéno-encyclopédiques (néologismes, néosèmes et noms propres) qui se trouvent dans cinq nouvelles de Jack Vance et deux cycles de Michael Moorcock, afin de catégoriser ces traductions sur une base pragmatique, en fonction du différentiel entre l’effet sur le lecteur dans la langue originale et l’effet en traduction. Les termes xéno-encyclopédiques traduits peuvent avoir le même sens et les mêmes connotations que l’original, ou diverger par leur sens, leur registre, leur connotation, etc. Dans certains cas, le traducteur renonce à traduire les néologismes, et dans d’autres au contraire il arrive que le traducteur introduise des néologismes.
« Traduit du riddleyspeak (Anterre) par Nicolas Richard » : quand le traducteur se fait lecteur de science-fiction
Authors: Després Elaine
Published: December 2024

Riddley Walker (1980) de l’auteur britannique d’origine américaine Russell Hoban est devenu un roman de science-fiction postapocalyptique culte au fil des années, et la langue dans laquelle il est écrit, le riddleyspeak, n’y est pas étrangère. Véritable novum science-fictionnel, cette langue-fiction défamiliarisane (Sorlin, 2010) mélangeant l’anglais et le cockney, l’écrit et l’oral, le passé et l’avenir, la religion et la science a donné au roman la réputation d’être intraduisible. Or, avec Enig Marcheur (2012), Nicolas Richard réalise une véritable traduction science-fictionnelle et poétique en « parlénigm ». Cet article propose de montrer que la proposition du traducteur enrichit et complexifie la xénoencyclopédie du roman de Hoban plutôt qu’elle la remplace, l’amenant presque du côté de la transfictionnalité (Saint-Gelais, 2011) : les personnages et le récit sont reconnaissables, mais ils existent dans un monde fictionnel et linguistique différent, moins familier encore. Grâce aux outils d’analyse développés par Alice Ray (2019), il s’agit d’explorer ce novum qu’est le « parlénigm » par une analyse comparée des textes, des techniques employés par le traducteur, des effets produits, et d’autres exemples de traduction de langues-fiction.
Le cas étrange de “Moreau” devient plus étrange
Authors: Philmus Robert M.
Published: December 2024

Lorsque j’ai écrit, dans le cinquantième numéro de SFS, sur les révisions assez radicales faites par Wells après la publication originale de Moreau, j’ignorais que le texte dans lequel il les inscrivait (un exemplaire de l’édition coloniale de 1896) était lui-même la base d’une traduction française effectuée par Henry D.-Davray. La date de parution de L’Île du Docteur Moreau, traduit par Davray, prouve que cette transformation du texte par Wells prédate l’année 1900. Pour rendre notre affaire plus étrange encore, Davray déclarera plus tard que Wells souhaitait incorporer ses modifications dans de futures éditions en langue anglaise.
Insolvency Propensity in Non-Profit Organisations
Authors: Remondes Fernando , Carvalho Amélia Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Despite their social and non-profit nature, it is important to reflect on the sustainability of third sector organisations and to access data on their financial performance. The aim was therefore to carry out a survey and financial analysis to identify the financial indicators that most determine their propensity to insolvency, using the Altman z-Score model. A quantitative content analysis of the websites was carried out to verify the financial information relating to 102 non-profit organisations. After calculating the dependent variable (Z-Score), the non-linear logarithmic and exponential regression model was explored for each of the years and variables under study. The aim of this statistical procedure was to validate the influence of four indicators, namely indebtedness, financial autonomy, liquidity and dependence on the state, on the propensity to insolvency. The results showed that the use of a set of financial ratios to assess the potential insolvency of non-profit organisations demonstrated the legitimate applicability and significant relevance of the model
Meta-Analytic Review on Classification of Electronic Commerce Research
Authors: Shaikh Irfan Abdul Karim , Shanmugha Priya P. , Sivakamy V. , Vinayachandran Vidhya , Shihabudheen N. , Rajasekaran G.
Published: December 2024

The review underscores the evolving nature of consumer preferences and expectations, driven by technological advancements, urbanization, and changing lifestyles. The authors meticulously analyze existing literature, presenting a synthesis of key findings, design frameworks, and research agendas. By examining a broad spectrum of academic publications, this review identifies key trends, methodologies, and thematic areas that have shaped the evolution of e-commerce research. The study encompasses peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and other scholarly works published between 2002 and 2023. Despite the benefits, e-commerce adoption comes with challenges, such as cyber security threats, technological obsolescence, and resistance to change within the organization. To mitigate these risks, companies must adopt comprehensive cybersecurity measures, stay updated with technological advancements, and foster a culture of continuous improvement and innovation.
A Thematic Approach to Influence of Different Organization Cultures on E-Commerce Adoption Maturity
Authors: Selvan Balamurugan , Kumar Thokala Vijaya , Rawat Trishti , Soni Priyanka , Thomas Subin , Velavan P.
Published: December 2024

Adapting to e-commerce change involves multiple approaches. Strategic planning, organisational restructuring, personnel training, customer experience improvement, operations optimisation, security and compliance, and market adaptation are included. By tackling these areas thoroughly, firms can overcome e-commerce adoption obstacles and use its benefits to expand and compete in the digital age. Industry, market circumstances, and leadership vision affect e-commerce adoption across organisations. As e-commerce evolves, organisations' cultural traits reflect their digital technology adoption and integration. Leaders inspire creativity and risk-taking, allowing teams to explore digital solutions and new business models. Online business is complicated, thus the company emphasises learning and adapting. E-commerce initiatives foster agility and flexibility. Digital technologies improve processes and consumer experiences, helping companies adapt to market changes.
An Empirical Study on Internet-Based Payment Systems for Electronic Commerce and Banking
Authors: Raj K. Bhavana , Sreenivasa Murthy S. , Avadhanam Pawan Kumar , Muthulakshmi P. , Mohana Krishna I. , Elayaraja C.
Published: December 2024

The rapid evolution of the Internet and electronic commerce (e-commerce) has significantly transformed the global financial landscape, presenting challenges and opportunities for the banking industry. This abstract explores the requirements and opportunities associated with developing and implementing new payment systems leveraging the Internet—the challenges and opportunities presented by the rise of internet-based payment systems within the banking sector. The statement of the problem highlights the need for banks to adapt to the rapid growth of electronic commerce and the increasing demand for secure, efficient, and user-friendly online payment solutions. It underscores the importance of addressing security concerns, regulatory compliance, and integrating new technologies to meet customer expectations and maintain competitive advantage in a digitally transforming financial landscape.
A Study on Evaluating Brand Reputation by Measuring Sentiment and Response Rates in the Digital Age
Authors: Venkateswaran P. S. , Arun B. , Byloppilly Rameshwaran , Rameshkkumar S. R. , Reddy M. Sivakoti
Published: December 2024

The chapter shows how worldwide presence increases brand scrutiny. Online reviews, social media presence, and ethical practices influence brand reputation and purchasing decisions worldwide. Reputation builds trust and loyalty, driving repeat business and favourable word-of-mouth across varied marketplaces. A positive brand image helps organisations weather crises and minimise reputational damage. This improves the employer brand, attracting top people in a competitive worldwide market. Beyond customer benefits, a good reputation boosts investor confidence and lets brands influence positive change. Positive brand perception drives loyal customer online advocacy, increasing brand reach and influence in the digital era. Global brands may thrive in the complicated and linked global market by prioritising brand reputation management and building trust, loyalty, and advocacy. Global consumers now investigate brands online before buying.
What About Theory?
Authors: Capello Sarah , Yurkofsky Maxwell M. , Bonney Edwin Nii , Burriss Theresa L.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, EdD programs have been pulled toward programmatic, curricular, and pedagogical elements that support learning and skill development around the practical and technical elements of practitioners' work. However, incorporating theory into such programs can lead to important leadership preparation outcomes. In this paper, we highlight promising pedagogies, practices, and methods for incorporating theory into EdD programs. We then argue for the inclusion of critical and leadership theories in such programs that prepare school leaders. Lastly, we share how our EdD program has embedded and scaffolded theoretical content learning to reflect the needs of our students through coursework and selected assignments, milestone assessments, and the dissertation in practice.
Understanding the Online Aspect of Educational Leadership Programs
Authors: Mitani Hajime
Published: December 2024

The current redesign initiatives in educational leadership programs led by the Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate, the University Council for Educational Administration, the Wallace Foundation, and governments primarily focus on the content/curriculum of the programs and have not paid enough attention to how to deliver these programs effectively online. The purpose of this study is to provide new descriptive data on the online aspect of these programs and empirical evidence on the relationships between course design characteristics and instructional methods and student engagement and performance. The descriptive analysis found a wide variation in instructors' engagement efforts and student engagement and performance. The correlational analysis found that course enrollment sizes were non-linearly associated with instructional practices and student engagement. In addition, non-tenured instructors made more efforts to engage students. Finally, it found a positive relationship between instructional practices and student engagement.
A Practical Path to Realizing Pedagogical Values Through Viola Spolin's Philosphy of Improvisation
Authors: Loughridge Brian , Parsons Erik
Published: December 2024

There are inherently authoritarian and hierarchical assumptions, expectations, and processes of education embedded within our learning institutions which complicate and often confound educators' efforts to create collaborative environments for learning. Education leaders face the well-known challenge of adhering to mandated curricula and assessments while adapting to ever-changing best practices. This chapter explores the transformative potential of integrating improvisation and theatre games into educator, administrator, and school leadership training. The authors present a perspective of improvisation as an often-overlooked philosophy and practice for educators with the capacity to reconnect them with foundational values for education and learning rooted in building relationships through co-creational problem-solving and play. Drawing upon the work of Viola Spolin, this chapter presents an overview of improvisation as a philosophy and practice with direct connection and implications for realizing essential educational theories that have come to define the P-20 landscape.
Yoga and Aging
Authors: Sabharwal Dhruv , Sood Ritu
Published: December 2024

Aging is an irreversible and progressive biological and psychological process that results in changes with extensive implications for the individual's well-being. Yoga has been described as a physical, mental, and spiritual discipline that originated in India and comprises of activities such as postures, breathing, meditation, and philosophy of right conduct and is the approach that could best help people age well and live longer. This chapter examines the multiple benefits of yoga to the elderly, especially touching on physical, psychological, and social viability of the default. Yoga may benefit by enhancing the muscles strength, balance, functions and flexibility, thus decreasing the likelihood of falls among elderly. It lessens the level of cholesterol and enhances the overall, including the cardiovascular system as well as assisting in the treatment of various persistent diseases. This chapter shares accounts of successfully introducing yoga as a means of healthy aging as well as reviewing research data to consider the requirements of older people regarding yoga practice
Integrative Nutrition Strategies and Cardiovascular Therapy From Macronutrients to Micronutrients
Authors: Ekambaram Gayathiri , Sankaranarayanan Nagarajan , Nagarajan Prithiviraj , Palanisamy Prakash , Mani Thenmozhi , Raman Vinoth , Kaliaperumal Ramachandran , Port Louis Leena Rajathy , Patil Sharangouda J.
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular health remains a concern for individuals' health, and nutrition has a major influence on how this issue can be addressed and solved. This chapter provides a thorough interlocution of nutritional interventions that are supposed to improve cardiovascular health and their theoretical application in the cardiovascular management of patients. Therefore, assessing the effects of consuming different dietary components will help to form a coherent picture of how nutrition affects heart disease and contributes to the therapeutic process. To commence with the analysis of the different macronutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats were defined together with their places in cardiovascular functionality. We explored the advantages of proper macronutrient distribution, which requires prioritizing excellent protein, carbohydrate, and fat sources including whole grains, lean meats, and omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, we focused on the negative effects of refined sugars and trans fats, drawing a relationship with cardiovascular diseases.
Circular Materials from the Ocean Waste: Prototyping Additive Manufacturing Processes for 3D Printing with Regenerated Plastics
Authors: Lopes Lucas , Daruari Harish , Duarte Fernando M. , Almeida Manuela , Mendonca Paulo
Published: December 2024

Marine plastic waste, such as High-Density Polyethene (HDPE) and Polyamide, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems globally due to the incredibly large quantities found around the world. Each year, a minimum of eight million tons of plastic escapes into the oceans, contributing to a staggering 150 million tons of plastic waste currently present in the marine environment . If no substantial measures are taken, it is estimated that by 2050, the weight of plastic in the oceans may surpass that of fish, highlighting the critical need for intervention . Fishing lines and mooring cables are the largest precursors for the discarded materials in the ocean and are produced by fishing and maritime activities. These types of plastics put marine life and the overall ecosystem in danger. This research paper focuses on developing circular materials using regenerated HDPE and polyamide, with a specific focus on customizing them for 3D printing processes. The research paper delves deep into the circular process that these plastics undergo at the end of their life cycle, up to the stage of manufacturing to reinvent these materials back into communities as regenerated materials. This paper outlines the processing of waste, material engineering, rapid prototyping, and digital fabrication. The primary goal is to address the urgent issue of marine plastic pollution by devising sustainable and innovative methods to effectively repurpose these materials.
Transforming Textile Wastes: Innovative Design of Sustainable Composite Materials for Thermal Insulation in Buildings
Authors: Ozdemir Suzan , Oztemur Janset , Sezgin Hande , Yalçın Eniş Ipek
Published: December 2024

The growing amount of textile waste presents a significant environmental challenge, requiring creative and sustainable methods for management and repurposing. Recycled and reused textiles are increasingly being utilized in the building industry, particularly as thermal and sound insulators. Effective thermal insulation is crucial for creating comfortable and energy-efficient buildings, especially in light of climate crisis and increasing energy expenses. In this study, the production of thermal insulation panels is achieved using textile waste through sustainable and innovative techniques. Cotton denim and polyester label selvedge waste are first converted into fibers and carded, then arranged into sandwich structures and formed into panels using a hot press method. The study involves experimental evaluations to determine the thermal performance of panels, with the aim of developing insulation panels that improve energy efficiency and reduce heat loss in buildings. The research also emphasizes the environmental and economic benefits of using textile waste for insulation, highlighting the thermal properties of these panels. The results show that double-layer cotton panels have the lowest thermal conductivity ranges between 0.026 and 0.028 W/mK among tested configurations, suggesting a superior insulation capability that could lead to significant energy savings in buildings.
Optimization Study of Single Junction Structures Utilizing 1.12 eV Cs2AuBiCl6 Double Perovskite: A Lead-Free Inorganic Absorber for Single and Tandem Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Arbouz Hayat
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the modeling and optimization of a single solar cell structure, utilizing the inorganic double perovskite Cs₂AuBiCl₆. This material features an A₂BB'X₆ composition and possesses a bandgap energy of 1.12 eV. The fundamental structure of the solar cell has been described, and the physical parameters of its primary layers have been outlined. A simulation model was developed to calculate the current-voltage characteristics and photovoltaic parameters, taking into account recombination rates due to defects within the absorber and at the interfaces with the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). The influence of various parameters was analyzed, including bulk and interface density of defects, layer thicknesses, back contact work function and operating temperature. Additionally, the performance of structures with alternative transport materials for the ETL and HTL layers was evaluated. The impact of energy bandgap offsets with the absorbing perovskite layer was considered to identify materials that enhance the collection of photogenerated carriers and ultimately improve efficiency. The simulations revealed an optimized structure that demonstrated enhanced performance compared to the initial design. The optimized solar cell achieved a yield of 18.4 %, representing an increase of 5.4 % over the basic structure, with key performance metrics including, short-circuit current density Jsc = 36.75 mA/cm², fill factor FF = 76.76 %, open-circuit voltage Voc = 0.5879 V. Given its narrow bandgap value, the optimized structure was further examined in a tandem cell configuration, showcasing its potential for high-efficiency devices with a yield reaching 33 %. This work significantly contributes to the development of efficient, stable, and non-toxic perovskite solar cells for photovoltaic applications, paving the way for advancements in sustainable energy technologies.
Enhancing the Optoelectronic Properties of Copper Sulphide Nanoparticles for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Shahid Abuzar , Ali Nisar , Bahajjaj Aboud Ahmed Awadh , Khesro Amir
Published: December 2024

In this work, the co-precipitation method is used for the synthesis of copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles for use in solar cells. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to analyse the synthesized CuS nanoparticles. CuS nanoparticles with hexagonal phases and crystallite sizes ranging from 19 nm to 24 nm are identified by X-ray. The morphology of the SEM images changes from being asymmetrical to spherical. UV-Vis spectroscopy was carried out for the optical analysis of the synthesized powder. The band gap of the samples is determined using a tauc plot, and it is found to be decreasing with an increase in sulfur concentration, going from 2.01 eV to 1.88 eV. Surface imperfections and green emission bands related to electro-hole recombination are visible in PL spectra. Cu-S stretching vibrations are present at 618 cm-1, according to FTIR spectra.
Machinability Indices of some Metallic Materials in Abrasive Waterjet Machining
Authors: El-Hofy Mohamed H. , El-Hofy Hassan A. , Abd-Alrazzaq Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Abrasive Waterjet Machining (AWJM) has significant advantages, such as being environmentally friendly, used for machining hard-to-cut materials, and do not cause a heat-affected zone. More machining tests are needed to understand the concept of material machinability in AWJM to increase process flexibility and produce parts with higher productivity, better accuracy, and surface quality. This paper presents drilling and slotting experiments through different metallic materials at fixed machining conditions to evaluate their machinability using AWJM. It introduces new machinability indices that arrange the tested materials concerning their machinability rating. Drilling indices include volumetric removal rate (VRR), penetration rate (PR), specific removal rate (SRR), and taper angle (TA). The paper correlates VRR, PR, drilling power, and Young’s modulus of the tested materials. In the case of slotting, VRR, kerf taper angle (TA), and the average surface roughness, Ra, were measured and used as indices of machinability. Cost analysis was also performed to introduce an economical index of machinability for both AWJ drilling and slotting AWJM operations.
Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Fe-18Cr Ferritic Steels Reinforced with Nano-Alumina
Authors: Nilprapa Ratchapon , Chaleawlert-Umpon Saowaluk , Kunmin Thitaporn , Phanchalermchai Nattavipa , Deedphueng Panpech , Tungtrongpairoj Jennarong
Published: December 2024

Oxide dispersion strengthening steel (ODS) is widely used in high-severity environments in supercritical water gasification (SCWG) due to its high-temperature corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. Nano-oxide can be used as reinforcement for ODS steel to enhance the mechanical properties by retarding dislocation at grain boundaries. This work aims to study the fabrication of Fe-18Cr ODS steels reinforced with 0.5-3.0 wt% nano-Al2O3 contents. The microstructure of ODS steels before and after sintering processes was observed by an optical microscope, and the hardness test was conducted by a Micro-Vickers hardness tester. The results showed the mass gain increased by 49.18±10.75 mg cm-2 due to the formation of Fe2O3 during the sintering process. The average porosity of ODS steels after sintering decreased by about 60% due to thermal contraction, resulting in their average densities increased by around 7 %. Moreover, the hardness of Fe-18Cr ODS steels increased up to 120 HV with the increase in nano-Al2O3 percentage.
Industrial Asset Recovery Procedure Based on the Circular Economy - Case Study: Sliding Bearing Shoe of Tubular Ball Mill
Authors: Fajardo Jorge I. , Carrasquero Rodríguez Edwuin J. , Andrade Carlos A. , Paltan César A.
Published: December 2024

This paper integrates reverse engineering and circular economy concepts in the remanufacturing of shoe plain bearings for a tubular ball mill used in the mining industry. The developed procedure covers a range of steps including diverse bearing cleaning methods, the definition of various inspection techniques, and the selection of the ideal sacrificial material through spectrometry tests and bibliographic references. It also encompasses the determination of deformation and stress on the shoe plain bearings during normal operation, followed by the remanufacturing process, which involves adding sacrificial material to the substrate and machining it using a CNC machine. Quality control testing of the remanufactured bearings was conducted according to international standards. A comparative financial cost-benefit analysis was also performed between new and remanufactured shoe plain bearings. The results of this analysis provide the company with a solid foundation for decision-making in both the economic and logistical aspects of shoe plain bearings, thereby promoting a more sustainable and efficient management of industrial assets.
Dengue and COVID-19 co-infections; a study from a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka
Authors: Matthias A. T. , Mahbooba S. A. K. S. A. N. , Fernando I.
Published: December 2024

Background: Dengue and COVID-19 co-infection has been reported with complicated patient management. The objective of this study was to analyze the resonation and clinical outcome of co-infection of dengue and COVID.Methodology: This study was conducted at the Colombo South Teaching Hospital (CSTH), Sri Lanka. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed by using patients’ records.Results: Out of the total of 32 cases, 20 (62.5%) were males, 12 (37.5%) were females. Four (12.5%) patients developed dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) with sonographically confirmed dengue critical phase. All the patients recovered and there were no deaths or multi-organ failure seen among the co-infected patients. To identify the markers of severity in co-infections and significance of co-infections, a random forest classification method was implemented. Low neutrophil count, high WBC count, and low platelet count had the highest accuracy in predicting severe co-infections of dengue and COVID-19.Conclusion: Co-infection patients showed good clinical outcomes in the present study.
A kaleidoscope of antibiotic use in Sri Lanka: are we doing it right?
Authors: Wanigatunge C. A.
Published: December 2024

Effective antibiotics are essential for both prevention and treatment of infections, and to reduce mortality associated with severe infections. The association between antibiotic use and the development of antibacterial resistance (ABR) is well documented and results in longer illnesses, prolonged hospital stay, increased overall costs and higher mortality. Alert to this crisis, the World Health Assembly adopted a global action plan to combat anti-microbial resistance.The development of ABR is dependent on prescribing and dispensing practices, the use and misuse of antibiotics by patients, and issues related to the availability and quality of medicines which may drive the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics.The factors affecting the correct use of antibiotics by different stakeholders are the focus of this oration. The research spans a decade of work in this area and explores the perceptions of the public regarding antibiotics and their use to identify the gaps in perceptions and practices and analyses prescriber practices when treating common infections in patients with and without cancers and the appropriateness of prescribed antibiotics to these patients, especially when prescribed in accordance with National Guidelines. The findings of the first national survey on antibiotic consumption (ABC) are also presented and the work highlights the issues that affect the correct estimation of antibiotic consumption. A low-cost method that can be applied to compare the quality of parenteral antibiotics in vivo is also described.This information will help identify the areas that need to be addressed to combat the ever increasing threat of antibiotic resistance.
Syringomyelia due to cervical spondylosis with an atypical sensory deficit – A rare and unusual presentation
Authors: Silva F. H. D. S. , Waduge L.
Published: December 2024

Syringomyelia is a rare neurological disorder that is progressive and characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled cavity in the spinal cord. Causes of this condition may be congenital or acquired, however, the latter can rarely occur due to cervical spondylosis. Here we report a presentation of syringomyelia in a 59-year-old man with gradual onset weakness and muscle wasting along with atypical sensory deficit of affected temperature but intact pain modalities in upper limbs. The MRI of the cervical spine confirmed the presence of a syrinx from C2 to D2/D3 levels associated with degenerative cervical spinal disease with canal stenosis. Surgery remains the primary treatment modality for symptomatic disease although this patient opted for complementary medicine. This case underscores the importance of considering degenerative spinal disease as an aetiology for syringomyelia and to embark on early diagnosis and individualized management strategies to prevent irreversible neurological damage.
Obesity: a potential cause of varicocele leading to male infertility
Authors: Ul-Hasan Zain , Gilani Syed Amir , Hanif Asif , Bacha Raham , Fatima Zareen
Published: December 2024

Male infertility is the root cause of social, psychological, economic, and medical problems. Obesity, culminating in varicocele, is one of the leading causes of male infertility. Veins of the lower abdomen are compressed by excessive subcutaneous fat, and the return of blood from the scrotum is compromised. This increases the intratesticular temperature, which decreases sperm quality. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of obesity on male infertility, particularly varicocele development. This cross-sectional study was conducted for 18 months with 172 men. The participants were categorized into obese and nonobese groups. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed to detect varicocele and related conditions. A chi-square test was applied to determine the associations between obesity and infertility with respect to varicocele. A significant association of varicocele with obesity was noted (p<0.05). The odds of the development of varicocele in obese individuals was 2.4 and the relative risk was 2.12 compared to nonobese individuals. In the nonobese group, 22 (25.5%) and 41 (47.67%) patients in the obese group were infertile. Compared with 25.5% of nonobese and infertile subjects, 47.6% of obese and infertile subjects concluded that a greater percentage of obese and infertile subjects were diagnosed with varicocele than nonobese and infertile subjects.
L’etica clinica tra teoria e prassi
Authors: Galvagni Lucia
Published: December 2024

L’etica clinica rappresenta un importante ambito della bioetica che accosta da vicino i casi e le situazioni cliniche eticamente complessi. A partire da una breve ricostruzione storica, l’articolo presenta le caratteristiche della disciplina e la pratica delle consulenze etiche, riflettendo sulle metodologie e sull’apporto dell’etica nella clinica, alla luce di alcune esperienze formative, centrate sulla revisione dei casi a posteriori, per mettere in evidenza come accostare linguaggi differenti possa aiutare anche ad avanzare letture ed interpretazioni diverse in situazioni e scenari di cura complessi.
Fatti e valori nell’Health Technology Assessment (HTA): gli obiettivi dell’analisi etica nei processi di valutazione delle tecnologie sanitarie
Authors: Refolo Pietro , Sacchini Dario , Raimondi Costanza , Spagnolo Antonio G.
Published: December 2024

Anche in vista del ruolo che il domain etico dovrà assumere prossimamente in riferimento al “format” stabilito dal Regolamento europeo sull’Health Technology Assessment (HTA) (2021/2282), il presente contributo mira a meglio specificare gli obiettivi e il significato della valutazione etica nell’HTA. Sfruttando i risultati di un progetto europeo a cui gli autori del contributo hanno partecipato, ossia VALIDATE-HTA (VAlues in Doing Assessments of healthcare Technologies) e sulla base di un caso studio relativo all’uso degli impianti cocleari per i bambini nati sordi che non hanno mai acquisito il linguaggio parlato in modo naturale (bambini sordi prelinguali), il contributo argomenterà, in particolare, in favore dell’impossibilità di concepire l’HTA stessa senza il riferimento a valori, mostrando come una loro scorporazione condurrebbe questa disciplina a rispondere in modo corretto a domande sbagliate e, dunque, all’irrilevanza.