bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE GLOBAL PREVALENCE AND DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Aminah Bee Binti Mohd Kassim  , Noor Hassline Binti Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) refers to a group of developmental disorders. Although the global prevalence of ASD is reported to be between 3-6 children per 1000, there is difficulty in comparing the prevalence of ASD across countries because of the variation in methodology, age group of population and the sample size studied. The prevalence of ASD shows an increasing trend and factors attributing to the rise in prevalence include the increase in awareness on the signs and symptoms of ASD, the increase in access to services, the changes in the definition of autism over time and the broadening of the diagnostic criteria. Among the administrative factors also linked to the increase in prevalence were changed in reporting practices and availability of records. Before1990’s diagnosis of ASD was more often after the entrance to the school. Currently, there are diagnostic tools available and the diagnosis can be made among toddlers. However, for those on the milder end of the spectrum with average or above-average language and cognitive abilities, the diagnosis is still made after school entry. Early detection, diagnosis, and intervention are important in promoting better long-term outcomes and as such screening programs need to be in place. Sustainability of the program requires training of primary care providers, the use of specially designed tools for screening and protocols for referral, and a multidisciplinary diagnostic team. This paper shares the Malaysian experience in implementing a screening program since 2011 and the outcomes of the screening program for ASD in primary care.
HARAPAN IBU BAPA TERHADAP ANAK BERKEPERLUAN KHAS DI SARAWAK
Authors: Dayang Dayana Abg Abd Nasir, & Ahmad Zamri Mansor
Published: July 2024

Sejak daripada anak di diagnosis dengan keperluan khas sama ada fizikal, pendengaran, dan pembelajaran, pelbagai inisiatif telah diambil ibu bapa bagi membantu perkembangan anak mereka agar dapat membesar dengan baik bagi memenuhi harapan ibu bapa terhadap anak, terutamanya harapan agar anak boleh berdikari tanpa bantuan penuh daripada individu lain. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengenalpasti harapan ibu bapa terhadap masa depan anak berkeperluan khas dan (2) mengenalpasti faktor yang mempengaruhi harapan ibu bapa. Kajian kualitatif ini mengumpul data melalui temu bual. Informan kajian merupakan 7 orang ibu dan seorang bapa kepada anak yang terlibat dalam Program Transisi ke Kerjaya Individu Berkeperluan Khas. Anak-anak mereka terdiri daripada keperluan khas fizikal, keperluan khas pendengaran, dan keperluan khas pembelajaran. Hasil temu bual mendapati harapan ibu bapa terdiri daripada 4 tema iaitu harapan terhadap diri anak, harapan terhadap pendidikan anak, harapan terhadap kerjaya anak, dan harapan terhadap hubungan anak dengan individu sekeliling. Faktor yang mempengaruhi harapan ibu bapa pula terdiri daripada 3 tema iaitu lokaliti, sosioekonomi ibu bapa, dan pengetahuan ibu bapa tentang kemudahan yang ada untuk individu berkeperluan khas. Melalui dapatan kajian ini, adalah dicadangkan agar ibu bapa berkolaborasi dengan ahli profesional pelbagai disiplin dalam merancang masa hadapan anak yang realistik bersesuaian dengan keadaan anak dan keperluan pasaran kerja semasa.
Se puede derivar responsabilidad subsidiaria aunque no se hayan agotado todas las posibilidades teóricas de responsabilidad solidaria previa
Authors: Banacloche Palao Carmen
Published: July 2024

El Tribunal Supremo interpreta que la declaración de responsabilidad subsidiaria no exige agotar previamente todas las posibilidades de declaración de responsabilidad solidaria, de tal forma que si la Administración, analizada la realidad que determina el nacimiento de la obligación tributaria y los indicios que pudieran existir sobre la existencia de posibles responsables solidarios, llega a la conclusión de que no procede declarar ninguna responsabilidad solidaria, puede, sin necesidad de exteriorizar el fundamento de su decisión, declarar sin más trámites la responsabilidad subsidiaria que aprecie.
Racismo, colonialidade e (des)democracia na história da educação latino-americana
Authors: Greive Veiga Cynthia
Published: July 2024

O artigo discute, numa longa duração histórica e priorizando-se alguns países da América Latina, as relações entre os contextos de elaboração e difusão do racismo, os processos de exclusões e opressão sociorracial, mesmo nos períodos pós-independências de organização dos governos constitucionais, enquanto colonialidade do poder, e os processos democratizantes/desdemocratizantes presentes nessas interconexões. Por meio da abordagem da história global e da perspectiva decolonial, o objetivo principal é refletir sobre a prática da divisão racial da educação e demonstrar como, desde as suas origens, o processo de difusão da escola foi desdemocratizante. Como procedimentos metodológicos, destaca-se a investigação documental em obras de época, e a realização de diálogos conceituais com autores como Quijano (2005) e Pacheco (2017), além da interlocução com historiadores da educação.
El proyecto del Núcleo Escolar Experimental del maestro René James Sotelo (Colonia Aborigen Chaco, 1958-1964)
Authors: Ramírez María José
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo, se analiza el proyecto del Núcleo Escolar Experimental en Colonia Aborigen, localizada en la región central del Chaco en Argentina, que fue presentado por René James Sotelo, reconocido maestro e indigenista chaqueño. El proyecto se basó en la Educación Fundamental, enfoque difundido por la UNESCO durante la década del 50, y planteó una educación integral para el indígena, orientada a su formación como campesino/a, con el fin de “integrarlo/a” a la economía regional capitalista. Entre las fuentes, se consideran dos versiones del proyecto (la primera data de 1958 y la segunda de 1964), correspondencia del autor, notas periodísticas y documentación oficial del Consejo General de Educación del Chaco. En el artículo se plantean respuestas iniciales a interrogantes que guían el análisis: ¿Por qué se planteó esta propuesta educativa para la población indígena de Colonia Aborigen Chaco? ¿Cuáles fueron sus objetivos? ¿Qué características tuvo la nuclearización escolar proyectada?
Cuadros y carteles para enseñar a leer: materialidad, disputas político-pedagógicas y prácticas de enseñanza en las escuelas de la ciudad de Buenos Aires a fines del siglo XIX
Authors: Spregelburd Roberta Paula
Published: July 2024

La práctica de exponer carteles con letras y sílabas en las paredes de las aulas estaba presente desde sus primeras configuraciones, sin embargo, hacia fines del siglo XIX, se produjo una renovación en los soportes materiales destinados en la enseñanza inicial de la lectura que innovaba en cuanto a su diseño, sus fundamentos pedagógicos y los métodos de enseñanza. 
El artículo analiza tres colecciones de carteles aprobados por el Consejo Nacional de Educación para uso en la jurisdicción nacional: 
- Los Carteles de lectura y logografía, de Francisco Berra. 
- Los carteles El Nene, de Andrés Ferreyra. 
- Los carteles El Alfa, de Eleodoro Suárez.
Las tres colecciones coinciden en la imposición de la enseñanza simultánea de la lectura y la escritura, el sustento en el concepto pestalozziano de intuición (en algunos aspectos, articulado con elementos positivistas) y la primacía del concepto de “lectura inteligente” sobre la “lectura mecánica”. La combinación de estos componentes nos lleva a plantear que se trata de soportes materiales modernos. Por otra parte, a pesar de que los autores coincidían en la importancia del método de “palabra generadora” diferían en cuanto a los procedimientos más efectivos para implementarlo.
Como último punto de análisis, el artículo se refiere a lo que efectivamente sucedía dentro de las aulas de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, donde el uso de los carteles dependía de la interacción con otras dimensiones que afectan las prácticas pedagógicas, como por ejemplo la disponibilidad y conservación de estos materiales didácticos así como la apropiación particular que hacían los/as maestros y maestras.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI AROMATERAPI PEPPERMINT DAN LEMON UNTUK MENGURANGI MUAL MUNTAH YANG BERLEBIHAN PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER I DI PMB RONNI SIREGAR
Authors: Tarigan Suci Nanda Resti , Parapat Friska Margareth , Simanjuntak Eva Hotmaria
Published: July 2024

One of the problems that occur during pregnancy that can increase the degree of pain is the occurrence of gestosis during pregnancy or diseases that typically occur during pregnancy, and one of the gestosis in pregnancy is hyperemesis gravidarum. The impact can occur on the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the combination of Peppermint and Lemonade Aromatherapy in reducing excessive vomiting nausea in 1st trimester pregnant women. This study uses a type of quantitative research with a Quasi-Experimental design with a Non Randomized Pretest Posttest Design. This research was conducted in December 2023 at the Midwifery Room of Medan Adventist Hospital. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling with a sample of 10 people. The instrument in this study used the observation sheet PUQE-24 Scoryng System. Based on researcher data from 10 respondents before the intervention was given, 6 of them experienced severe vomiting nausea and 4 respondents experienced moderate vomiting nausea and after the intervention there was a decrease in the level of vomiting nausea, namely 6 respondents with moderate vomiting nausea and 4 respondents experienced a decrease in mild vomiting nausea. The statistical test in this study used the Paired Sample T Test. The results of statistical tests with the Paired Sample Test obtained p values of 0.000 < 0.05. The conclusion of the results of this study is that the combination of peppermint and lemonade aromatherapy is effective in reducing excessive vomiting nausea in 1st trimester pregnant women.
Enhancing digital access and inclusion for SMEs in the financial services industry through Cybersecurity GRC: A pathway to safer digital ecosystems
Authors: Adedamola Oluokun  , Courage Idemudia  , Toluwalase Vanessa Iyelolu
Published: July 2024

This research paper explores the enhancement of digital access and inclusion for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the financial services industry by implementing Cybersecurity Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance (GRC) frameworks. It begins by analyzing the current state of digital access for SMEs, highlighting the significant benefits of digital transformation, including operational efficiencies, enhanced customer experiences, and new market opportunities. The paper identifies key barriers to digital access, such as cybersecurity risks, regulatory compliance challenges, financial constraints, and the lack of digital expertise. The study then reviews existing initiatives aimed at enhancing digital access for SMEs, including government programs, industry collaborations, cybersecurity awareness and training efforts, and fintech solutions. The paper argues that while these initiatives are beneficial, they often fail without a comprehensive GRC framework to address underlying security and compliance issues. A detailed conceptual model is proposed, comprising digital strategy and planning, a robust cybersecurity framework, effective governance and compliance practices, proactive risk management, continuous training and awareness, technological innovation, and collaboration and partnerships. Each component systematically addresses the identified barriers and facilitates a safer, more inclusive digital ecosystem for SMEs. The implementation of this model is outlined in four phases: initiation, implementation, operational, and evaluation, ensuring a structured approach to digital transformation. The paper concludes with recommendations for SMEs to adopt this model, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement, resource allocation, and continuous evaluation.
Keywords: Digital Transformation, SMEs, Cybersecurity, GRC, Financial Services, Digital Access.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA TOKO SUDIMAMPIR GALANG
Authors: Ongko Cindy Sundary , Nugroho Ngajudin , Sutarno Sutarno
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh kualitas produk dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Toko SudiMampir Galang. Kualitas produk merupakan faktor penting dalam bisnis ritel yang dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan, namun harga juga merupakan aspek krusial yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada pelanggan Toko SudiMampir Galang. Sampel/jumlah responden yang diambil untuk penelitian terdiri dari 33 pelanggan yang berbelanja di toko tersebut. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode statistik, seperti regresi linear, untuk mengukur hubungan antara kualitas produk, harga, dan kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas produk yang tinggi dan harga yang sesuai dengan nilai produk dapat meningkatkan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa Toko SudiMampir Galang perlu mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kualitas produk serta menjaga strategi harga yang kompetitif agar dapat menarik dan mempertahankan pelanggan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi manajemen Toko SudiMampir Galang untuk meningkatkan strategi pemasaran mereka dengan memperhatikan kualitas produk dan harga sebagai faktor utama yang dapat memengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan.
Efficacy of Green Reward Management Practices on Workers’ Performance: Evidence from Public Universities in Western Kenya
Authors: Marumbu Charles , Egessa Robert K.W. , Simiyu Edwin J. , Otuya Willis
Published: July 2024

Few organizations in Kenya have implemented green-oriented practices, including public universities, which continue to experience internal wastage and suboptimal resource utilization amidst reduced government financial support for their operations. The role of green human resource management practices on academic staff performance in public universities remains relatively unexplored in Kenya. This study assessed the effect of green reward management practices on employee performance. Based on a positivist philosophy, and guided by the Ability, Motivation and Opportunity Theory, an explanatory research design was used to undertake the study on a target population of 438 employees holding top and middle level management positions in 11 public universities in the Western region of Kenya. From it, a sample size of 209 respondents was determined using Slovin’s sample determination method. Questionnaires were used to collect data. They were tested for reliability and validity before use. The collected Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics where correlation and multiple regression analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0. The results indicated that green reward management practices had a significant effect on the employee’s performance since the R-Square of 0.111 implied that 11.1% change in the employee’s performance was attributable to the green reward management practices which were significant on employees’ commitment to achieve set performance targets (t = 5.011, p<0.001). The study recommends that Public Universities should invest more resources towards green reward schemes to motivate staff to be sustainably productive.
A RELAÇÃO DAS TICS E OS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS
Authors: Schmidt Jocasta Regina , Helscher Luciane Seibel , Carmo Bruno Zeitone Kopke do , Draghetti Andrei Ricardo , Markus Daniete Elisa Eninger
Published: July 2024

Este estudo visa analisar a incorporação e eficácia das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) nos livros didáticos de ciências utilizados no quinto ano do ensino fundamental em Santa Helena, Paraná, durante o triênio 2023-2026. As TICs são vistas não apenas como ferramentas tecnológicas, mas como agentes transformadores capazes de promover um aprendizado mais dinâmico, interativo e inclusivo. A pesquisa qualitativa adotará uma abordagem interpretativa para compreender como as TICs estão sendo integradas e exploradas nos materiais didáticos, focando em três exemplares específicos. O estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de preencher lacunas na efetiva utilização das TICs na educação, especialmente em níveis específicos como o quinto ano do ensino fundamental. Espera-se identificar e refletir sobre a presença e abordagem das TICs nos livros didáticos, propondo reflexões sobre práticas pedagógicas que possibilitem uma utilização mais efetiva dessas tecnologias, considerando as características e necessidades específicas de cada contexto escolar. É perceptível que essas tecnologias, ao longo do tempo, não apenas revolucionaram a maneira como as informações são compartilhadas e acessadas, mas também exerceram uma influência profunda na forma como indivíduos e comunidades interagem e aprendem. Ao moldar as dinâmicas sociais e educacionais, as TICs têm se estabelecido como agentes transformadores, redefinindo os processos de ensino e aprendizagem.
ESTIMULAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA TRANSCRANIANA NO TRATAMENTO DO TRANSTORNO BIPOLAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Ribeiro Bruno Melo , Ribeiro Sara Tomazela Laurenti , Nunes Bernardo Aguiar , Soares Giovanna Brentare Vilhena , Alves Lisboa Pedro Henrique
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O Transtorno Bipolar (TB) é uma condição psiquiátrica caracterizada por mudanças extremas de humor. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o uso da Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (EMT) como intervenção terapêutica para o TB. A EMT envolve a aplicação de campos magnéticos no cérebro para normalizar atividades patológicas em áreas específicas. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa de literatura com 7 artigos originais selecionados, os quais foram consultados na base de dados Medline via Pubmed. Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) controlados e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa que compõem o Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): “Bipolar Disorder” (Transtorno Bipolar), “Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation” (Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana) e “Treatment Outcome” (Resultado do Tratamento). Resultados e Discussão: A utilização do EMT no tratamento da TB trouxe melhorias nos sintomas depressivos da condição em parte dos estudos, bem como a efeitos benéficos na dimensão cognitiva, com destaque na otimização da memória de trabalho. No entanto, resultados variáveis sugerem a necessidade de pesquisas mais aprofundadas. Considerações Finais: Os estudos revelam promissoras melhorias na depressão bipolar com EMT, porém a complexidade exige pesquisas mais abrangentes para validação.
Revisiting the evolution of downhill thunderstorms over Beijing: a new perspective from a radar wind profiler mesonet
Authors: Guo Xiaoran , Guo Jianping , Chen Tianmeng , Li Ning , Zhang Fan , Sun Yuping
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Downhill thunderstorms frequently occur in Beijing during the rainy seasons, leading to substantial precipitation. The accurate intensity prediction of these events remains a challenge, partly attributed to insufficient observational studies that unveil the thermodynamic and dynamic structures along the vertical direction. This study provides a comprehensive methodology for identifying both enhanced and dissipated downhill thunderstorms. In addition, a radar wind profiler (RWP) mesonet has been built in Beijing to characterize the pre-storm environment downstream of the thunderstorms at the foothill. This involves deriving vertical distributions of high-resolution horizontal divergence and vertical motion from the horizontal wind profiles measured by the RWP mesonet. A case study of an enhanced downhill thunderstorm on 28 September 2018 is carried out for comparison with a dissipated downhill thunderstorm on 23 June 2018, supporting the notion that a deep convergence layer detected by the RWP mesonet, combined with the enhanced southerly flow, favors the intensification of thunderstorms. Statistical analyses based on radar reflectivity from April to September 2018–2021 have shown that a total of 63 thunderstorm events tend to be enhanced when entering the plain, accounting for about 66 % of the total number of downhill thunderstorm events. A critical region for intensified thunderstorms lies on the downslope side of the mountains west to Beijing. The evolution of a downhill storm is associated with the dynamic conditions over the plain compared to its initial morphology. Strong westerly winds and divergence in the middle of troposphere exert a critical influence on the enhancement of convection, while low-level divergence may lead to dissipation. The findings underscore the significant role of an RWP mesonet in elucidating the evolution of a downhill storm.
Evaluating the representation of Arctic cirrus solar radiative effects in the Integrated Forecasting System with airborne measurements
Authors: Röttenbacher Johannes , Ehrlich André , Müller Hanno , Ewald Florian , Luebke Anna E. , Kirbus Benjamin , Hogan Robin J. , Wendisch Manfred
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In two case studies, airborne measurements of broadband solar irradiances above and below Arctic cirrus are compared to simulations of the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) operated by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) using offline runs of ECMWF's operational radiation scheme, “ecRad”. Furthermore, independent of the solar irradiances, cirrus properties are derived from collocated airborne active remote sensing observations to evaluate the optical and microphysical parameterizations in ecRad. The data were collected in the central Arctic over sea ice (81–90° N) with instrumentation installed aboard the High Altitude LOng range research aircraft (HALO) during a campaign in March and April 2022. Among others, the HALO instrumentation included upward- and downward-looking pyranometers to measure broadband solar irradiances, a cloud radar, and a multi-wavelength water vapour differential absorption lidar. Extended horizontal flight legs above and below single-layer cirrus were performed. The solar radiation measurements are used to evaluate ecRad in two case studies of optically thin and thick cirrus, with an average transmissivity of 0.9 and 0.6, respectively. Different ice optics parameterizations optionally available in ecRad are applied to test the match between simulation and measurements. Furthermore, the IFS-predicted ice water content and ice effective radius are replaced by values retrieved with the radar and lidar. The choice of ice optics parameterizations does not significantly improve the model–measurement agreement. However, introducing the retrieved ice microphysical properties brings measured and modelled irradiances in closer agreement for the optically thin cirrus, while the optically thick cirrus case is simulated as too thick. It is concluded that the ice water content simulated by the IFS is realistic and that the mismatch between observed and simulated solar irradiances mostly originates from the assumed or parameterized ice effective radius.
Variance estimations in the presence of intermittent interference and their applications to incoherent scatter radar signal processing
Authors: Zhou Qihou , Li Yanlin , Gong Yun
Published: July 2024

Abstract. We discuss robust estimations for the variance of normally distributed random variables in the presence of interference. The robust estimators are based on either ranking or the geometric mean. For the interference models used, estimators based on the geometric mean outperform the rank-based ones in both mitigating the effect of interference and reducing the statistical error when there is no interference. One reason for this is that estimators using the geometric mean do not suffer from the “heavy tail” phenomenon like the rank-based estimators do. The ratio of the standard deviation over the mean of the power random variable is sensitive to interference. It can thus be used as a criterion to combine the sample mean with a robust estimator to form a hybrid estimator. We apply the estimators to the Arecibo incoherent scatter radar signals to determine the total power and Doppler velocities in the ionospheric E-region altitudes. Although all the robust estimators selected deal with light contamination well, the hybrid estimator is most effective in all circumstances. It performs well in suppressing heavy contamination and is as efficient as the sample mean in reducing the statistical error. Accurate incoherent scatter radar measurements, especially at nighttime and at E-region altitudes, can improve studies of ionospheric dynamics and composition.
Surface equilibrium vapor pressure of organic nanoparticles measured from the dynamic-aerosol-size electrical mobility spectrometer
Authors: Häkkinen Ella , Yang Huan , Cai Runlong , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Aerosol particles undergo continuous changes in their chemical composition and physical properties throughout their lifecycles, leading to diverse climate and health impacts. In particular, organic nanoparticle’s surface equilibrium vapor pressure stands as a critical factor for gas–particle partitioning and is pivotal for understanding the evolution of aerosol properties. Herein, we present measurements of evaporation kinetics and surface equilibrium vapor pressures of a wide array of laboratory-generated organic nanoparticles, employing the dynamic-aerosol-size electrical mobility spectrometer (DEMS) methodology, a recent advancement in aerosol process characterization. The DEMS methodology is founded on the principle that the local velocity of a size-changing nanoparticle within a flow field has a one-to-one correspondence with its local size. Consequently, this approach can facilitate the in situ probing of rapid aerosol size-changing processes by analyzing the trajectories of size-changing nanoparticles within the classification region of a differential mobility analyzer (DMA). We employ the DEMS with a tandem DMA setup, where a heated sheath flow in the second DMA initiates particle evaporation in its classification region. Through analysis of the DEMS response and the underlying mechanism governing the evaporation process, we reconstruct temporal radius profiles of evaporating nanoparticles and derive their surface equilibrium vapor pressures across various temperatures. Our results demonstrate a good agreement between the vapor pressures deduced from DEMS measurements and those documented in literature. We discuss the measurable vapor pressure range achievable with DEMS and elucidate associated uncertainties. Furthermore, we outline prospective directions for refining this methodology and anticipate its potential to contribute to the characterization of aerosol-related kinetic processes with currently unknown mechanisms.
Quantifying the impact of global nitrate aerosol on tropospheric composition fields and its production from lightning NOx
Authors: Luhar Ashok K. , Jones Anthony C. , Wilkinson Jonathan M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Several global modelling studies have previously studied the effects of lightning-generated oxides of nitrogen (LNOx) on gas-phase chemistry and atmospheric radiative transfer. However, there has been limited attention on quantifying the role of LNOx production on aerosol, particularly when nitrate aerosol is included. In the present paper, we address two questions: 1) what is the impact of including nitrate aerosol on tropospheric composition fields, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and radiation, and 2) what is the dependency of these impacts on the lightning parameterisation and the amount of LNOx? For this purpose, we use the Met Office’s Unified Model (UM) – United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (UKCA) global chemistry-climate model, which now includes a nitrate scheme in its modal aerosol component, alongside two empirical lightning flash-rate parameterisations. We find that both nitrate aerosol and changes in LNOx lead to significant changes in tropospheric composition and aerosol responses. For instance, with the inclusion of nitrate aerosol, the tropospheric ozone burden decreases by approximately 4–5 %, while the tropospheric methane lifetime increases by a similar degree. For an increase of 5.2 Tg N yr-1 in LNOx from a baseline of zero, there is a global mean enhancement of 2.8 % in NH4, 4.7 % in fine NO3, 12 % in coarse NO3, and 5.8 % in SO4 aerosol mass burdens, indicating that LNOx impacts coarse aerosol the most comparatively. The inclusion of nitrate aerosol affects the aerosol size distribution too, with the most significant changes occurring in the Aitken and accumulation modes. As LNOx increases, the mean global AOD and top-of-atmosphere net downward radiative flux also increase (the latter being more influenced by tropospheric ozone increases), whereas nitrate aerosol causes a change of –0.4 W m-2 in this radiative flux in our simulations. The results presented in this paper when considered in the context of the large uncertainty in the global amount of LNOx suggest that there could be bigger variations in the values of the atmospheric parameters considered.
Increased Grounding Zone Ice Flux and Dynamic Thinning Creates Vulnerable Regions on George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Das Indrani , Barnes Jowan , Smith James , Constantino Renata , Hemming Sidney , Padman Laurie
Published: July 2024

Abstract. George VI Ice Shelf (GVIIS), on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula, is currently losing mass. Paleo observations suggest that atmospheric and oceanic warming in the early Holocene caused complete loss of the ice shelf, leading to the possibility that modern observed warming can initiate a similar loss. Ice shelf loss is assumed to be, primarily, a direct response to atmospheric and ocean warming through increased hydrofracture and basal melting. Here, however, we consider the hypothesis that increased lubrication of grounded ice is a further contributor to destabilizing the ice shelf, where the lubrication may come from processes such as increased surface meltwater percolating to the base of glaciers or changes in liquid water fluxes across the grounding line. Motivated by the differences in our observation-based strain-induced dynamic thickness change between 2013–2018 along the northern and southern sectors GVIIS which also experiences variable surface melt, we use an ice sheet model to investigate this hypothesis. We find that, as expected, reduced bed friction increases the flow of grounded ice. However, because of the unique ice flow and buttressing features of GVIIS, the increased ice flux across the grounding line also increases compression of the northern GVIIS, which makes it resistant to rifting and hydrofracture. In contrast, the southern GVIIS, which is fed by ice streams sitting on submarine beds, experiences continued divergence. We suggest that the associated strain thinning reduces buttressing of grounded ice, creating a positive feedback of accelerated ice inflow to the southern GVIIS and likely making it more vulnerable to future retreats than the northern sector.
DiuSST: A conceptual model of diurnal warm layers for idealized atmospheric simulations with interactive SST
Authors: Börner Reyk , Haerter Jan O. , Fiévet Romain
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The diurnal variability of sea surface temperature (SST) may play an important role for cloud organization above the tropical ocean, with implications for precipitation extremes, storminess, and climate sensitivity. Recent cloud-resolving simulations demonstrate how imposed diurnal SST oscillations can strongly, and delicately, impact mesoscale convective organization. In spite of this nuanced interaction, many idealized modeling studies of tropical convection either assume a constant, homogeneous SST or, in case of a responsive sea surface, represent the upper ocean by a slab with fixed thickness. Here we show that slab ocean models with constant heat capacity fail to capture the wind-dependence of observed diurnal sea surface warming. To alleviate this shortcoming, we present a simple, yet explicitly depth-resolved model of upper-ocean temperature dynamics under atmospheric forcing. Our modular scheme describes turbulent mixing as diffusion with a wind-dependent diffusivity, in addition to a bulk mixing term and heat fluxes entering as sources and sinks. Using observational data, we apply Bayesian inference to calibrate the model. In contrast with a slab model, our model captures the exponential reduction of the diurnal warming amplitude with increasing wind speed. Further, our model performs comparably to a more elaborately parameterized diurnal warm layer model. Formulated as a single partial differential equation with three key tuning parameters, the model is suitable as an interactive numerical boundary condition for idealized atmospheric simulations.
Turbulent heat flux dynamics along the Dotson and Getz ice-shelf fronts (Amundsen Sea, Antarctica)
Authors: Jacob Blandine , Queste Bastien Y. , du Plessis Marcel D.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In coastal polynyas, where sea–ice formation occurs, it is crucial to have accurate estimates of heat fluxes in order to predict future rates of sea–ice formation. The Amundsen Sea Polynya is the fourth largest coastal polynya around Antarctica, yet remains poorly observed because of its remoteness. Consequently, we rely on models and reanalysis that are unvalidated to study the effect of atmospheric forcing on polynya dynamics. We use summer ship-board data from the NBP22/02 cruise to understand the turbulent heat flux dynamics in the Amundsen Sea Polynya and evaluate our ability to represent these dynamics in ERA5. We show that cold and dry air outbreaks from Antarctica enhance air–sea temperature and humidity gradients, triggering episodic heat loss events. The heat loss is larger along the ice shelves, and it is also where the ERA5 turbulent heat flux exhibits the largest biases, underestimating the flux by up to 141 W m-2 due to its coarse resolution and misrepresentation of ice-shelf location. By reconstructing a turbulent heat flux product from ERA5 variables using a nearest neighbour approach to obtain sea surface temperature, we decrease the bias to 107 W m-2. Using a 1D-model, we show that the mean co-located ERA5 heat loss underestimation of -28 W m-2 led to an overestimation of the summer evolution of sea surface temperature (heat content) by +0.76 °C (+8.2×107 J) over 35-days. By obtaining the reconstructed flux, the reduced heat loss bias (12 W m-2) reduced the seasonal bias in sea surface temperature (heat content) to -0.17 °C (-3.30×107 J) over the 35–days. This study shows that caution should be applied when retrieving ERA5 turbulent flux along the ice shelves, and that a reconstructed flux using ERA5 variables shows better accuracy.
Methodology and uncertainty estimation for measurements of methane leakage in a manufactured house
Authors: Karion Anna , Link Michael F. , Robertson Rileigh , Boyle Tyler , Poppendieck Dustin
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Methane emissions from natural gas appliances and infrastructure within buildings have historically not been captured in greenhouse gas inventories, leading to under-estimates, especially in urban areas. Recent measurements of these post-meter emissions have indicated non-negligible emissions within residences, with impacts on both indoor air quality and climate. As a result, methane losses from residential buildings have recently been included in the latest U.S. national inventory, with emission factors determined from a single study of homes in California. To facilitate future additional studies investigating building methane emissions, we conducted a controlled experiment to document a methodology for such measurements and estimated associated uncertainties. We determined whole-house methane emission rates with a mass balance approach using near-simultaneous measurements of indoor and outdoor methane mole fractions at a manufactured house. We quantified the uncertainty in whole-house methane emission rates by varying the forced outdoor air ventilation rate of the manufactured house, measuring the outdoor air change rate using both sulfur hexafluoride and carbon dioxide tracers, and performing methane injections at prescribed rates. We found that the whole-house quiescent methane emission rate in the manufactured house averaged 0.34 g d-1 with methodological errors on the calculated emission rates to be approximately 20 % (root-mean-square-deviation). We also measured the quiescent leakage from the manufactured house over three months to find 24 % (1-sigma) variability in emissions over two seasons. Our findings can be used to inform plans for future studies quantifying indoor methane losses after residential meters using similar methods. Such quantification studies are sorely needed to better understand building methane emissions and their drivers to inform inventories and plan mitigation strategies.
Identification of operational deflection shapes of a wind turbine gearbox using fiber-optic strain sensors on a serial production end-of-line test bench
Authors: Gutierrez Santiago Unai , van Vondelen Aemilius , Fernández Sisón Alfredo , Polinder Henk , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Wind energy has witnessed a staggering development race, resulting in higher torque density demands for the drivetrain in general and the gearbox in particular. Accurate knowledge of the input torque and suitable models are essential to ensure reliability, but neither of them are currently available in commercial wind turbines. The present study explores how a subspace identification framework, using distributed fiber-optic strain sensors on a four-stage gearbox, can provide input torque measurements through the use of operational deflection shapes. Compared to conventional gear tooth root strain gauge measurements, an innovative measurement setup with 129 fiber-optic strain sensors has been installed on the outer surface of the ring gears to research the deformations caused by the gear mesh events. Consistent estimates of the deflection shapes have been found by applying the Multivariable Output-Error State-sPace (MOESP) subspace identification method to strain signals measured on a serial production end-of-line test bench. These operational deflection shapes, driven by periodic excitations, account for almost all the energy in the measured strain signals. Their contribution is controlled by the torque applied to the gearbox. From this contribution, a torque estimate has been derived for dynamic operating conditions. Accurate knowledge of the input torque throughout the entire service life allows future improvements in assessing the remaining useful life of wind turbine gearboxes. Additionally, tracking the operational deflection shapes over time is proposed to enhance condition monitoring in planetary gear stages.
Strategies for Leveraging Digital Libraries to Improve Financial Literacy among Rural Entrepreneurial Women
Authors: Prabadevi M.N. , Auxilia P.A. Mary , Subramanian Kabaly P , Rengarajan V.
Published: July 2024

The topic of women's financial inclusion has gained international attention, and prior research has shown conflicting results about the factors that influence financial inclusion among Rural Women Entrepreneurs (RWE) worldwide. Nonetheless, previous research has seldom examined how women's financial inclusion is impacted by digital financial literacy and Digital Libraries (DLs). An individual with financial literacy is equipped with the information and abilities needed to make wise business choices. The ability of business owners to get the capital they need has a beneficial impact on the expansion of the national economy. Making sure vulnerable populations, including low-income RWEs, have affordable access to suitable financial goods and services is known as financial inclusion. The geographical region under investigation was the southern part of India. The participants in the study were 499 RWE from five different states (Tamilnadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Andra Pradesh and Telangana). A total of 259 respondents who used Digital Financial Goods & Services (DFG & S) using DLs and 240 respondents who did not utilize financial services took part in the survey. The statistical analysis compares the revenue of individuals who use DFG&S through DLs and those who do not use DFG & S. The annual savings exhibit a substantial disparity, shown by a T-ratio of 2.684 and a p-value of 0.015, which suggests a noteworthy difference at a significance level of 1.5%. Results indicate that those who answer save more money each year than those who do not react. On the other hand, the wealth parameter exhibits a T-ratio of 1.987 and a p-value of 0.123, indicating no statistically significant wealth disparity between the two respondent groups.
Pedagogy in Strengthening Visual Perception: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Baldeón Claudio Percy Hurtado , Fuster-Guillén Doris , Figueroa Roger Pedro Norabuena , Lirio Rudecindo Albino Penadillo , Hernández Ronald M.
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to know the educational intervention practices that strengthen visual perception in elementary school students, for that reason we went to the review of various bibliographic sources managing to locate 44 original scientific articles plus a doctoral thesis in different languages between the years 2012 and 2022; belonging to countries such as: Ecuador, Colombia, Cuba, Spain, Peru, Argentina, Mexico, United States, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Saudi Arabia. Likewise, the bibliographic location was carried out in Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet, EDUSER, Researchgate and RCM journals; using different search strategies: keyword, topic and/or follow-up of the bibliography of a base document. After an analysis of the theories, it can be mentioned that pedagogical praxis are important to strengthen perception skills in school-age students, concluding that if they are accompanied by strategies and the use of digital resources, they overcome the deficiencies within a learning process in the classroom.
Management and Sales Forecasting of an E-commerce Information System Using Data Mining and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Praveenraj Dr.D. David Winster , Prabha Dr.T. , Ram M. Kalyan , Muthusundari Dr.S. , Madeswaran A.
Published: July 2024

The exponential development of e-commerce in recent decades has enhanced convenience for individuals. Compared to the conventional business environment, e-commerce is characterized by increased dynamism and complexity, resulting in several obstacles. Data mining assists individuals in effectively addressing these difficulties. Traditional data mining cannot efficiently use big data in the power provider industry. It heavily relies on time-consuming and labor-intensive feature engineering, and the resulting model could be more easily scalable. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can efficiently use vast amounts of data and autonomously extract valuable elements from the original input, resulting in increased effectiveness. This article utilizes a CNN to extract valuable insights from e-commerce information to forecast commodities sales accurately and proposes a CNN-based Sales Forecasting Model (CNN-SFM). The findings indicate that using data mining and CNN yields a high level of precision in forecasting forthcoming people buying capacity data. The correlation variable between actual usage information and projected usage information was 0.98, and the highest mean error was just 1.78%. Data mining can effectively extract hidden relevant information and forecast future consumption habits for e-commerce systems. CNN demonstrates proficiency in accurately predicting forthcoming consumption power and trends.
Optimization of System Performance through Ant Colony Optimization: A Novel Task Scheduling and Information Management Strategy for Time-Critical Applications
Authors: Suvarna N.A. , Bharadwaj Deepak
Published: July 2024

Optimization of task scheduling and information storage/retrieval is crucial for managing resource utilization, which enhances system performance and ultimately impacts provider productivity and customer satisfaction. Efficient task scheduling aims to optimize computing time, while efficient information management focuses on maximizing memory usage. This paper presents a novel approach to task scheduling using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to improve time-critical objectives such as makespan and network latency, while maintaining balanced load distribution across systems. By enhancing makespan, we aim to maximize CPU utilization, and by optimizing information storage/retrieval, we target minimizing network latency. Performance across these multiple objectives is achieved by modifying the heuristic and visibility functions to guide ants toward specific solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, Resource-Aware Load-Balancing for Time-Critical Applications (RALB-TCA), is demonstrated through implementation in the CloudSim simulation platform and benchmarking against existing techniques.
IDENTIFICATION OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE INTERSPECIFIC ROOTSTOCK-GRAFT COMBINATIONS OF TOMATO ACCORDING TO VALUABLE TRAITS IN
Authors: Bekkuli E.E. ,   BRB APK, greenhouse complex Kazakhstan, Almaty, Bayadilova G.O. , Dzhantasov S.K. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kazakhstan, Almaty,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: July 2024

При стремлении к максимальной эффективности в выращивании томатов в гидропонных теплицах, особое внимание уделяется выбору оптимальных комбинаций сортов и подвоев, исходя из биохимических показателей плодов в пределах 30,4-31,0 кг/м2 и общей урожайности от 63,6 до 67,8 кг/м2. Рекомендации на основе результатов исследований подчеркивают преимущества использования таких комбинаций, как Тореро F1 в сочетании с ТД-1 F1 или Эмперадор F1, Бартеза F1 с Эмперадор F1 или Максифорт F1, а также Мерлис F1 с Эмперадор F1. Эти рекомендации, сформированные с учетом опыта сельскохозяйственных производителей и результатов исследований, не только подчеркивают важность гармонии сортов и подвоев, но и показывают, как такие комбинации способствуют не только увеличению общей производительности томатов, но и повышают устойчивость культур к неблагоприятным условиям, обеспечивая стабильность и высокий уровень продуктивности. Этот комплексный подход в сельском хозяйстве включает в себя не только выбор сортов и подвоев, но и обеспечивает оптимальные условия для развития растений в гидропонных системах. Такие подробные исследования, фокусирующиеся на взаимодействии сортов и подвоев, представляют собой важный этап в разработке устойчивых и продуктивных методов выращивания.