bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Saffron and its Active Compounds on Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Animal Studies
Authors: Mohammadi Yaser , Rezaei Farimani Azam , Beydokhti Hossein , Shetty Sameep , Riahi Seyed Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes, as a chronic metabolic disease, can induce oxidative stress, leading to severe damage to various tissues, including the kidneys, heart, and others. This study aimed to assess the influence of saffron and its active component on oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats. Methods: The databases were searched until December 24, 2021. The quality of the included articles was assessed using SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias tool. To estimate the effects of saffron and its active component, SMD with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using the Begg and Egger tests. The results were reported under the PRISMA guidelines. Results: The meta-analysis comprising 42 articles revealed that prolonged hyperglycemia leads to increased oxidative markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total oxidant status (TOS), xanthine oxidase (XO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)), and decreased antioxidant defense system, including glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant status (TAS), thiol groups (SH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Treatment of diabetic rats with saffron, crocin, and safranal decreased the oxidant markers and increased the antioxidant markers. Conclusion: Saffron, crocin, and safranal reduce oxidative stress by reinforcing the antioxidant defense system and reducing oxidant markers. Hence, we believe that saffron and its active ingredients can be favorable options for managing diabetes and its complications. However, further human studies are required to draw definite conclusions.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Risk Factors and Their Relationship with Optic Coherence Tomography: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Ebrahimi Meimand Hossein Ali , Ahmadi Shakiba , Iranmanesh Farhad , Khazanehha Mahdiyeh
Published: December 2024

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon condition with an estimated annual occurrence of five cases per million individuals. This research aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with CVT and their correlation with optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. Methods: The study involved 30 patients diagnosed with CVT confirmed through neuroimaging, alongside a control group of 30 healthy individuals. The patients underwent OCT assessments following their diagnosis. Healthy participants, randomly selected from hospital staff without any known health issues, were examined by an ophthalmologist. Those with normal eye examinations proceeded to OCT, where their macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were measured. Results: The majority of participants in the CVT group were female (80%), with a mean age of 34.98±3.78 years. Headaches were reported as the most prevalent symptom (66.7%). All patients in the CVT group were pregnant, contrasting with none in the control group, indicating a significant association with CVT (P=0.03). Notably, the inferior temporal layer thickness was greater in the CVT group compared to controls (P=0.04). Additionally, patients exhibiting papilledema had a thicker superior temporal layer than those without papilledema (P=0.02). Women in the postpartum period showed an 18.61-fold increase in the likelihood of developing CVT (P=0.03). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that while macular thickness tends to decrease in CVT patients, various layers of the RNFL show increased thickness. The clinical implications of these observations remain unclear.
Evaluation of Color Stability of a Composite Resin Using Different Instrument Lubricants After One Month of Water Storage
Authors: Elmamooz Nafiseh , Abdollahi Farnaz , Eskandarizadeh Ali , Karimi Afshar Mehrnaz , Amirinejad Mehran
Published: December 2024

Background: Clinicians use several lubricants to reduce composite sticking to instruments and facilitate composite modeling. This study evaluated the effect of instrument lubricants on the color stability of a resin composite after one month of water storage. Methods: 60 disc-shaped specimens (2×10 mm) of Tetric N-Ceram composite were prepared using four lubricants, isopropyl alcohol 70%, Adper single bond adhesive (SB), margin bond (MB) and composite wetting resin (CW) (12 samples for each group). No lubricant was used in the control group. Color measurement was done twice, 24 hours after sample preparation and after one month of water storage. Color differences were calculated, and the data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results: The use of single bond as instrument lubricant caused the most color change (ΔE=4.26), and the control group (no lubricant) showed the least color change (ΔE=1.77). Using composite wetting resin as an instrument lubricant resulted in lower color changes than other instrument lubricants (P<0.05). Conclusion: Composite Wetting Resin used as instrument lubricant had better color stability than other lubricants. Bonding agents are not recommended for composite restorations as instrument lubricants due to the higher risk of affecting color stability. Clinicians should be aware that using instrument lubricants might influence the color properties of dental composites.
Evaluation of the Effect of Demographic, Biochemical, and Lifestyle Variables on Incidence of Hypertension in the Last Five Years in Kerman: Findings From KERCADRS Cohort Study
Authors: Salarpour Elaheh , Najafipour Hamid , Mirzaee Moghaddameh
Published: December 2024

Background: Hypertension is an important cause of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of demographic, biochemical, and lifestyle variables on hypertension in the last five years in Kerman, Iran. Methods: About 2055 adults were randomly selected through single-stage cluster sampling. Demographic characteristics, biochemical variables, tobacco use, opium use, mood, and physical activity were examined. The effect of the studied variables on hypertension was also measured. COPY methods were used to estimate relative risk (RR) and create confidence intervals. All statistical analysis were done in R 4.4.1. Results: Based on the results obtained using the multivariable COPY method for hypertension, the effects of age, education, physical activity, diabetes, obesity, smoking, anxiety, and depression were significant. It was also found that people with a family history of hypertension and a history of diabetes, obesity, and smoking are at higher risk for hypertension. Conclusion: The present study showed that the results of this study can be effective in designing and implementing intervention programs for the control and prevention of hypertension in this area.
Is Nutritional Status Associated with Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index in the First Trimester of Gestation?
Authors: Atazadegan Mohammad Amin , Yazdi Maryam , Biabanaki-Goortani Azam , Goodarzi-Khoigani Masoomeh
Published: December 2024

Background: As pregnancy progresses, insulin sensitivity (SI) might slowly decrease to 50% of the average value, which could result in gestational diabetes. As weight gain is associated with reduced SI and vice versa, we evaluated the possible correlation between nutritional status and SI, especially in early pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 healthy primiparous women between 6 and 10 weeks of gestation. By using a researcher-made questionnaire, the characteristics of the participants were gathered. A digital scale was used to measure participants’ weights. Nutrient intake was estimated based on the 72-hour dietary recall by Nutritionist 4 software. We used the pregnancy physical activity scale to estimate physical activity. In addition, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin values were included in the relevant formula to calculate the quantitative index of SI. Results: After adjusting for significant maternal characteristics, the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) in the first trimester was correlated with participants’ weight and household income. Furthermore, the QUICKI index had a significant inverse relationship with saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake while total fat intake was positively correlated. Also, consuming vitamin C, glucose, fructose, sugar, and carbohydrates increased the QUICKI index, while vitamin E intake decreased it. Conclusion: The results showed that weight management may prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the first trimester. Moreover, the significant correlation between the above-mentioned nutrients and household income with the QUICKI index can be further examined in future studies.
The Relationship Between Social Network Use and Students’ Quality of Life
Authors: Aliverdi Fatemeh , Mahmoodi Zohreh , Mehdizadeh Tourzani Zahra , Amini Leila , Mohamadi Farima
Published: December 2024

Background: The availability and use of various social networks influence individuals’ lives. This survey aimed to determine students’ quality of life and its relationship with internet and social networks use in the shadow of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This descriptive survey was performed on 350 eligible students from Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using three questionnaires covering socioeconomic status, social networks, quality of life, and a sociodemographic checklist. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: In this study, the average age of participants was 22.42±2.8 years, with an average daily social network usage of 3.76±2.11 hours. The mean quality of life score was 62.9±16.9, and the mean score for social network engagement was 49.87±9.3. A significant association was found between social network scores and both the type of social network used and the average time spent on these platforms. Within the dimensions of social network use, the type of social network (B=-0.230) served as a negative predictor, while 4-5 hours of daily social network use (B=0.196) served as a positive predictor for quality of life scores. Conclusion: The study findings indicate a significant connection between the use of the Internet and social networks and students’ quality of life. Therefore, it is imperative to address the time spent on and the type of social networks that is particularly important.
Propranolol and Prazosin Have a Positive Effect on the Sexual Performance of Female Three-Spot Gourami
Authors: Monemi Marzieh , Naji Tahereh , Kheradmand Afshin
Published: December 2024

Background: Sexual function is one of the most important aspects of life and is likely to be affected by the side effects of antihypertensive drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of propranolol and prazosin on the sexual performance of female three-spot gourami. Methods: In this study, 84 female three-spot gourami were randomly divided into seven groups, including a control and six experimental groups. The experimental groups were injected with prazosin or propranolol at doses of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg for twenty days. Finally, the histological morphology of the ovaries and sex hormone levels in the experimental groups were examined. Results: Our experiments showed changes in the oocyte stages, progressing to the cortical and vitellogenesis stages in the treated groups. Additionally, sex hormone levels increased in the groups exposed to that of propranolol and prazosin compared to the controls. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) exhibited a trend similar to the hormonal changes. The weight and length of the fish remained unchanged across the different groups. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that propranolol and prazosin, at the mentioned doses and treatment duration, had a positive effect on the sexual function of female three-spot gourami.
Multifocal Gastric Granular Cell Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Saeian Samira , Lankarani Kamran B , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Ahmadi Seyed Majid
Published: December 2024

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) of the gastrointestinal tract are rare neoplasms often detected incidentally as subepithelial lesions during endoscopic examination. The occurrence of GCTs in the gastric cavity is even rarer. So far, there have been only four reports of multifocal gastric GCTs. Our study presents the fifth case involving a middle-aged lady with incidental multifocal gastric GCT. It is the first such case reported in West Asia.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE ROLE OF MODERN CORPORATE UNIFORM IN PROMOTING THE COMPANY'S MESSAGE
Authors: Denisova Olga I. , Denisov Artem R.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the trends in the formation of the design image of uniform models, related to the demand for the communicative and semantic function of this type of clothing. Despite the fact that uni-form design was used for non-verbal transmission of messages in the last century, an example of which are the developments of Soviet constructivists, the significance of this role of uniform was usually not emphasized. However, mathematical models obtained on the basis of the application of the author’s method of identifying and analyzing trends in corporate fashion allowed us to establish that the company's communication interaction through the symbolic language of uniform occupies an important place among modern trends. At the same time, as the results of the study showed, the need to promote messages through uniform design is most characteristic of companies with a high degree of “maturity” – promising developing companies focused on the corresponding progressive target audience.
STUDY OF FIRE RESISTANCE OF NATURAL TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH WATER-REPELLENT IMPREGNATION WATER-REPELLENT IMPREGNATION
Authors: Khalilova Alina A. , Tikhonova Natalia V. , Sayfutdinova Ilmira F.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the issue of the influence of water-repellent appretizers of textile materials on their fire resistance. The results of the study of fire resistance of natural textile materials treated with a solution of silane with chlorparaffin and samples of analogs with water-repellent impregnation are presented. The analysis of the obtained data showed that after treatment the fire resistance of twill samples increased 2 times in comparison with the control sample and 1.6 times in comparison with the samples-analogues. The fire resistance of tarpaulin increased by 2.2 times both in comparison with the control sample and with the analog samples.
Порівняння представлень k-мер-даних ДНК для класифікації через нейронні мережі
Authors: Терпіловський Єгор Олександрович
Published: December 2024

Ключовим завданням геноміки, яке сприяє розумінню генетичних розладів і розробці точної медицини, є класифікація послідовностей ДНК здорових та хворих людей. Потужним інструментом для його вирішення стали нейронні мережі внаслідок своєї здатності моделювати складні шаблони у великих наборах даних. Фундаментальним кроком у цьому процесі стало представлення послідовностей ДНК у вигляді наборів k-мерів, які є підпослідовностями фіксованої довжини k. У статті оцінюються та порівнюються два методи представлення k-мер-даних. Перший використовує двійкове векторне представлення ознак, де кожен можливий k-мер відповідає двійковій ознаці. Це представлення, незважаючи на свою простоту, потребує високовимірних і розріджених векторів ознак, що висуває значні вимоги до пам’яті та потенційної неефективності обчислень. Другий метод базується на структурі Конвея–Бромейджа–Ліндона Lyndon (CBL — Conway–Bromage–Lyndon), яка вводить стисле та динамічне представлення k-мер-даних. Внаслідок використання найменших циклічних обертань, або намиста, метод CBL зменшує надмірність даних і оптимізує їх зберігання. Ці методи проаналізовано за трьома ключовими показниками: пам’ять, обчислювальна ефективність і продуктивність класифікації за допомогою нейронних мереж. Метод CBL демонструє високу ефективність пам’яті шляхом значного зменшення її обсягу, необхідного для зберігання функцій k-мерів. Він також досягає швидшого часу генерації вектора ознак при вирішенні обчислювальних проблем, пов’язаних з підходом бінарного вектора ознак. З погляду точності класифікації метод CBL працює релятивно, з незначними покращеннями в деяких випадках, що підкреслює його здатність ефективно охоплювати значущі ознаки послідовності. Наведено переваги представлення k-мер-даних на основі CBL, що робить його перспективною альтернативою для великомасштабного геномного аналізу, де і пам’ять, і обчислювальні ресурси є критично обмеженими.
Очистка воды от нефтепродуктов сорбентом на основе терморасширенного графита для орошения сельскохозяйственных угодий
Authors: Войташ А.А. , Берестнева Ю.В. , Ракша Е.В. , Савоськин М.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлены исследования возможности применения терморасширенного графита (ТРГ) в качестве сорбента для удаления нерастворимых и малорастворимых нефтепродуктов с водной поверхности, а также сорбции растворенных в воде экотоксикантов. С помощью гравиметрического метода определена сорбционная емкость ТРГ относительно нефти и нефтепродуктов: бензина, керосина, дизельного топлива, машинного масла, вакуумного масла, бензола. Изучена сорбционная способность ТРГ относительно растворенного в воде бензола методом УФ-спектроскопии. Проведен сравнительный анализ сорбционной емкости полученного нами ТРГ и ряда углеродных сорбентов, описанных в отечественной и зарубежной литературе. Показано, что сорбционная способность полученного нами ТРГ сопоставима, а в некоторых случаях и превышает литературные данные. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможности применения полученного ТРГ для ликвидации аварийных разливов нефтепродуктов на поверхность водоемов, очистки сточных вод промышленных предприятий и природных источников, применяемых, в том числе, для орошения сельскохозяйственных угодий.

The article explores the possibility of thermally expanded graphite (TEG) using as a sorbent for removing insoluble and partially soluble petroleum products from water surface. The sorption capacity of TEG in relation to petroleum and petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, engine oil, vacuum oil, benzene and phenol) was determinedby the gravimetric method and UV spectroscopy. A comparative sorption capacity analysis of the TEG obtained by us and a number of carbon sorbents described in literature was carried out. It was shown that the sorption capacity of the TEG obtained by us is comparable, and in some cases even exceeds the literature data. The results indicate to the possibility of obtained TEG using for liquidation of emergency spills of petroleum products on the surface of reservoirs, treatment of industrial wastewater and natural water sources, used, inter alia, for irrigation of agricultural grounds.
Влияние возраста посадочного материала на приживаемость саженцев в саду
Authors: Никольская О.А. , Киктева Е.Н. , Солонкин А.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются результаты трехлетних наблюдений за приживаемостью саженцев косточковых культур в зависимости от возраста посадочного материала. Исследования проводились в условиях Волгоградской области на светло-каштановых почвах. Целью данной работы являлось изучение приживаемости саженцев разных возрастов в условиях сада для научного обоснования выбора возраста посадочного материала, дающего наибольший процент приживаемости растений. По результатам исследований представлены итоги приживаемости растений в саду. Определен оптимальный возраст посадочного материала, при котором зафиксирован наибольший процент прижившихся растений, а также приведены данные биометрических показателей развития саженцев в саду в первый и второй год после посадки. По итогам проведения опыта было выявлено, что однолетние саженцы имеют наиболее высокую и стабильную приживаемость.

The article deals with the three-year observations results of the stone crop seedlings survival rate depending on the age of the planting material. The research was carried in the Volgograd region on light chestnut soils. The seedlings of different ages survival rate studying in the garden conditions for scientific justification of the planting material age choice, which gives the highest percentage of plant survival was the aim of this research. Based on the researchresults, the outcomes of plant survival in the garden are presented. The optimal planting material age, at which recorded the highest percentage of plants that have taken root is determined, as well as data on seedlings development biometric indicators in the garden in the first and second year after planting are provided. Based on the experimentresults, it was found that annual seedlings have the highest and most stable survival rate.
Первый опыт проведения соревнований по полевому описанию и диагностике почв для студентов-экологов Волгоградского государственного университета
Authors: Годиенко О.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена подробному анализу за- ключительного дня полевой учебной практики по почвоведению, которая является неотъемлемой частью учебного процесса в подготовке специали- стов экологов-природопользователей. В качестве исследовательской задачи автором была опреде- лена попытка оценить новый метод активного обучения путем наблюдения и анализа. Для при- влечения интереса студентов к более глубокому изучению морфологических свойств почв впервые были проведены соревнования по полевому описа- нию почв. Использовалась методика Буйволовой А.Ю., Прокофьевой Т.В., Курбановой Ф.Г. Регламент международного соревнования был переработан и адаптирован к учебному плану практики студен- тов-экологов первого курса. Работа студентов оценивалась по 100-балльной системе. Несмотря на то, что к максимальному показателю не при- близилась ни одна команда, в целом студенты лучше справились с описанием морфологических свойств почв, чем при традиционной форме прове- дения практики. В результате анализа проведен- ного по итогам соревнований были выявлены как положительные, так и отрицательные моменты нового активного метода обучения. Так, к положи- тельным моментам можно отнести знакомство студентов с новой российской и международной классификациями почв, а также формами описа- ния почвенного профиля. Применение междуна- родной практики использования цветовой шкалы Манселла позволили минимизировать ошибки при определении цвета почвы, которые при традици- онном формате практики встречались достаточ- но часто. Самые большие трудности у студентов как в процессе применения нового метода обучения, так и при традиционном формате вызвало опреде- ление структуры почвы, поскольку в большинстве методических учебных пособий по проведению пра- ктик по почвоведению отсутствуют иллюстра- тивные примеры различных почвенных структур и отдельностей, а лишь их текстовое описание или графические рисунки. В заключении автор фиксиру- ет, что в таких соревнованиях участники проявля- ют персональную ответственность за конечный общий результат. Также автором предлагается возможность использования в учебном процессе не- имитационных методов. Полученный опыт в при- менении нового метода обучения при прохождении полевой учебной практики по почвоведению, несом- ненно, будет интересен специалистам в области педагогики, преподающим естественнонаучные дисциплины.

The article is devoted to the detailed analysis of the field training practice final day in soil science, which is an integral part of the educational process in training specialists of ecologists and nature managers. As a research task, the author has identified an attempt to evaluate a new method of active learning through observation and analysis. In order to cause students’ interest tofurthersoils morphological properties study, the first competition on field soils description was held.
The disruption of the disruptive huns
Authors: Dunn Geoffrey D.
Published: December 2024

Raphael's painting from the second decade of the sixteenth century, The Meeting between Leo the Great and Atilla in the Room of Heliodorus in the Raphael Stanze in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican, depicts Leo encountering the leader of the Huns just outside Rome. Raphael's source was the anonymous medieval Vita sancti Leonis papae. However, we know the meeting took place at the Mincio river near Mantua in 452. The presence of the Huns within the empire was a disruptive and destructive episode in the history of the late Roman empire in the West under Valentinian III, just as Alaric and the Goths had been from the end of the fourth century, and the crossing of the Rhine by Vandals, Alans, and Suebi had been at the end of 406. The Huns gained a reputation for barbarity and savagery, bringing terror and annihilation wherever they moved across Europe. While Prosper of Aquitaine attributed the success of turning back Attila to Leo I, bishop of Rome from 440-461 (ignoring Gennadius Avienus and Memmius Trygetius, the two other negotiators), other contemporary sources, like Priscus, attributed it to superstition from the Hunnic troops. The efforts of Aetius also need to be considered. Attila and the Huns has become an increasingly attractive topic for publication in recent years, both scholarly and popular. This paper will investigate and evaluate the reasons presented in our sources for the disruption to the Hunnic advance into Italy, suggesting that Attila's own success in the north of Italy in the previous year had interrupted his supply chain, making a move any further south in Italy strategically unwise.
Borrowed past: Building legitimacy of kingship in early medieval Poland
Authors: Dalewski Zbigniew
Published: December 2024

In the early eleventh century the Polish rulers of the Piast dynasty, who had accepted Christianity a few decades earlier, adopted the concepts and rituals of Christian kingship and started to use them to define their own power. This article argues that in order to legitimise their new royal dignity, the Piasts had fundamentally to reformulate ideological foundations of their rule. This meant that not only did the Piasts have to assimilate ideas and patterns of ritual behaviours that were typical of the concept of Christian kingship, and that determined the position of a king as anointed by God in the religious sphere, but also that they were required to transform the view of their own history, and to ground their power in a long line of royal successions, stretching back beyond their dynastic past.
La concepción de educación integral en la formación cognitiva del niño de 5º año y la práctica docente en la modalidad de escolaridad extendida en el caso de la Escuela Santo Antonio
Authors:   , Pereira Andreolli Leocárdia Catiucia
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación se centró en analizar las prácticas pedagógicas y los resultados obtenidos en la Escuela de Período Integral San Antonio, ubicada en Realeza, Paraná, Brasil. El estudio tuvo como objetivo principal comprender cómo se construye una concepción de Educación Integral en este tipo de escuelas y evaluar el impacto de la jornada extendida en la formación cognitiva de los estudiantes. A través de la observación de las actividades escolares y la aplicación de instrumentos de evaluación, se identificaron las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas y se analizó el papel del Plan Político Pedagógico en la orientación de las prácticas educativas. Además, se realizó un recorrido histórico por la educación en tiempo integral en Brasil, comparando las escuelas de jornada extendida con las escuelas regulares. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron evaluar la efectividad de las estrategias pedagógicas implementadas y el alcance de los objetivos propuestos. Se destacaron las contribuciones de la escuela integral y las ideas de Anisio Teixeira para el futuro de la educación.
Asociación de características fisiológicas y morfológicas de los pinos (Pinus sp.) (Pinales: Pinaceae) con el parasitismo del nematodo Deladenus (Beddingia) siricidicola Bedding (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) sobre Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) en la provincia de Neuquén
Authors:   , Venticinque Natalia Aldana
Published: December 2024

La avispa de la madera, Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), es la principal plaga en plantaciones de pinos. La estrategia de control utilizada más ampliamente es el biocontrol con el nematodo Deladenus siricidicola (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae), que parasita avispas hembras tornándolas estériles. En este estudio se analizó la asociación entre características fisiológicas y morfológicas de Pinus sp., como estado del follaje, estrato en el dosel, forma del fuste y diámetro a la altura del pecho, con un mayor parasitismo del nematodo, para orientar la selección de los árboles que deberían ser preferentemente inoculados con el nematodo sobre otros. Se calculó el parasitismo de hembras adultas en árboles inoculados y no inoculados (testigos) de las especies P. contorta, P. ponderosa, P. banksiana y P. radiata. Al analizar por separado el parasitismo con cada una de las variables, no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas para: especies de pino; año de inoculación; estado del follaje y estrato en el dosel; tampoco para árboles inoculados y testigos, lo que indica una incidencia natural de D. siricidicola en el área, a pesar de no haber sido inoculada previamente. En cambio, sí se observaron diferencias significativas para el DAP y la forma del fuste. La combinación de variables en un árbol con mayor probabilidad de obtener un parasitismo superior al 18% en un bosque con parasitismo bajo es: follaje semiseco o seco, estrato suprimido, fuste recto y DAP entre 25-30,1 cm. En contraposición, la combinación de variables de un árbol con menor probabilidad de ser parasitado es: follaje verde, estrato codominante, fuste bifurcado y DAP menor de 15 cm. El modelo utilizado fue una regresión logística binaria, que sólo explicó el 7% del parasitismo de la muestra. Analizar las relaciones entre muchas variables con pocas observaciones, como en este caso, puede ocasionar estimaciones inestables y poco precisas.
Felt earthquake on March 4, 2024, Mw=5.0, in the Kyungey-Ala-Too ridge
Authors: Sokolova I.N. , Berezina A.V. , Pershina E.V. , Gabsatarova I.P. , Aristova I.L.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the analysis of instrumental and macroseismic data of the strong Kungey earthquake on March 4, 2024, on the border of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in the Kemin-Chilik fault area. The hypocenter of the earthquake is confined to the focal zone of the catastrophic Kemin earthquake of 1911 with Mw=8.2. The earthquake of March 4, 2024 occurred under the action of submeridional near-horizontal compression, which is typical for the sources of the Northern Tien Shan. The type of motion in the source along the steeply dipping plane NP1 of southwestern strike is a reverse type of motion with a left-sided strike-slip component, along the plane of an eastern strike is a thrust with a right-sided strike-slip component. Before the Kungey earthquake, a ring-shaped seismicity structures formed by earthquakes with depths of up to 33 km, which is a prediction’s factor for strong crustal earthquakes. The earthquake was felt in Almaty (Kazakhstan) and its suburbs with an intensity of 5 points on the MSK-64 scale and had the most significant impact on the megapolis after the Baysorun earthquake of 1990. Data on the macroseismic impact of the Kungey earthquake in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan were collected. An analysis of the records of strong motion instruments based on data from Central Asian stations was carried out.
The Mazrui Dynasty
Authors: Alio Mohamed
Published: December 2024

The Islamic presence in East Africa goes back to the Umayyad Caliphate, when the Omani al-Julandi family moved from Oman to East Africa for political and economic reasons. This movement was followed by other migrations from Southern Arabia. This led to the appearance of Muslim settlements and dynasties along the East African coastal region, which played a pivotal role in preaching Islam and introducing Arabian culture to the local communities. One of the Omani dynasties that established themselves along the East African coast was the Mazrui Dynasty, which ruled East Africa between 1741 and 1837. Though a number of studies have been conducted on the history of Islam in East Africa, the Swahili people, the Mazrui Dynasty and its descendants’ prominent scholars, there is still a further need to discuss the Mazrui Dynasty in particular and their efforts on spreading Islam in East Africa. This study demonstrates the contributions of the Mazrui Dynasty to the spreading of Islam in East Africa by shedding light on the origins of Mazrui family, why they immigrated to East Africa, how the Dynasty was established in Mombasa while also examining some of the most important aspects of the promotion Islam in East Africa. The study demonstrates the significant interactions between Islamiccivilization and East African societies throughout the era of the Mazrui Dynasty, which promoted the expansion of Islam and Arabian culture across the region.
Negatywny wpływ zaangażowania w działania pomocowe na dobrostan wolontariuszy na przykładzie wolontariatu dla obywateli Ukrainy
Authors: Wieczorkowska Magdalena
Published: December 2024

Wybuch pełnoskalowej wojny w Ukrainie wywołał masowy zryw pomocowy w Polsce. Skala zaangażowania i intensywność działań pokazały ogromny potencjał tkwiący w polskim społeczeństwie. Powstało wiele badań poświęconych formom wsparcia, motywacjom wolontariuszy, czy postawom wobec narodu ukraińskiego i większość z nich skupia się na pozytywnych skutkach działań pomocowych. Głównym celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że zaangażowanie w wolontariat ukraiński – poza oczywistymi korzyściami społecznymi (dla obywatelek i obywateli Ukrainy, dla samych wolontariuszy i ogółu społeczeństwa) – może też wywoływać negatywne konsekwencje u osób podejmujących działania pomocowe. Wspieranie osób doświadczających traumy i/lub cierpienia może prowadzić do wystąpienia zmęczenia współczuciem, wypalenia, wtórnego stresu traumatycznego oraz zastępczej traumatyzacji. Celem pośrednim jest zaakcentowanie braku badań poświęconych kosztom psychologicznym i zdrowotnym związanych z aktywnością wolontariacką, nie tylko w kontekście wolontariatu ukraińskiego. W konsekwencji niewielką uwagę przywiązuje się do zdrowia fizycznego i psychicznego pomagających i brakuje w tym zakresie systemowego wsparcia, co może być przyczyną niskiego zaangażowania Polaków w wolontariat a także odchodzenia od wolontariatu tych, którzy byli weń zaangażowani.
PV SYSTEM MPPT CONTROL: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF P&O, INCCOND, SMC AND FLC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Bouguerra Khoukha , Latreche Samia , Khemlche Hamza , Khemliche Mabrouk
Published: December 2024

The importance of solar energy is manifested in the growing demand for renewable energy sources around the world, which is fueled by environmental concern and the scarcity of conventional energy. Maximum power point trackers (MPPTS) are necessary in solar energy systems due to atmospheric changes that threaten the efficiency of solar energy systems. This article compares MPPT technologies. Including traditional and modern techniques, and despite the results achieved by classical techniques in maximizing and extracting as much energy as possible, they face a big problem in reaching the bone energy point. These provide modern technologies such as FLC and SMC. They provide exceptional accuracy and excellent response in all environmental conditions but come with additional complexity and higher cost. These technologies are ideal in applications that require high performance under continuously changing conditions or in difficult environments (such as large solar power systems or systems dealing with large fluctuations in illumination). This research aims to conduct a comprehensive study and compare of classical technologies (P&O and IncCond) and modern technologies sliding mode control (SMC, Fuzzy Logic Control – FLC), taking into account factors such as efficiency, complexity and response time. Tests were conducted under different climatic conditions to understand and enhance the efficiency of MPPT technologies. Our study highlights the enhanced performance for methods based on modern technologies. This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis, and by improving the efficiency and reliability of solar energy systems, our research supports the advancement of sustainable energy solutions.
IMPROVING α-PARAMETERIZED DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORM METHOD WITH DANDELION OPTIMIZER FOR SOLVING ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Najeeb Mustafa Raed , Qasim Omar Saber
Published: December 2024

In this manuscript, we aim to address Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) by α-Parameterized Differential Transform Method (α-PDTM). Additionally, we seek to enhance the effectiveness of α-PDTM by incorporating the Dandelion Optimizer (DO). The DO plays a crucial role in optimizing the parameter α, ensuring its adjustment and modification to secure the most favorable value. This refinement results in a more accurate approximation compared to conventional methods. The proposed approach, referred to as (αDO-PDTM), demonstrates a solution distinguished by its reliability and efficiency, as determined through the computation of Maximum Absolute Error (MAE) and the Mean Square Errors (MSE).
OPTIMIZING WIND POWER PLANTS: COMPARATIVE ENHANCEMENT IN LOW WIND SPEED ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Ibrahim Mustafa Hussein , Ibrahim Muhammed A. , Khather Salam Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

The study aims to optimize wind farm efficiency in low wind speed regions using the HOMER Pro tool to examine the impact of wind turbine ratings on overall efficiency of wind farms. boosting wind farm efficiency is essential for improving economic viability and grid integration. We propose the establishment of three wind farms, each possessing equal capacities but different in individual turbine capacities 1.5 kW, 3.4 kW and 5.1 kW, then optimize their performance in simulation environment. Through employing HOMER Pro optimization algorithm, we assess all wind farms over the period of one year, taking into account wind speed, temperature and geospatial coordinates. Although all wind farms have equal total capacities, simulation results revealed disparities in their generation abilities, reaching up to 22%, favouring the farm with smaller turbines. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that as wind speed decreases, the disparity in power generation between wind farms increases, reaching 51.9% in November, the month with the lowest wind speeds. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of wind farm behaviour, particularly regarding turbine sizes, and contribute to the research community's efforts to enhance wind farm power production in low wind speed regions. They also help find solutions to enable the embrace of wind energy and decrease fossil fuel consumption in such regions, fulfilling their international sustainability commitments.
THE UTILIZATION OF MACHINE LEARNING FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS
Authors: Sanmorino Ahmad , Setiawan Herri , Coyanda John Roni
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the integration of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) architecture in Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) to strengthen cyber defences against evolving threats. The goal is to explore the potential of MLP in learning complex patterns and adapting to dynamic attack vectors, thereby improving detection accuracy. Key results from 5-fold cross-validation demonstrate model consistency, achieving an average accuracy of 0.97 with minimal standard deviation. Further evaluation across multiple nodes per layer and train-test splits demonstrate model robustness, displaying high metrics such as AUC-ROC and F1-Score. Challenges, such as the scarcity of large labelled datasets and complex model interpretability, are acknowledged. This study provides a comprehensive foundation for future investigations, suggesting potential directions such as integrating advanced neural network architectures and assessing model transferability. In conclusion, this study contributes to the evolving intersection of machine learning and cyber security, offering insights into the strengths, limitations, and future directions of MLP-based NIDS. As cyber threats evolve, continued refinement of MLP methods is critical to effective network defences against sophisticated adversaries.
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megaterium, and Pseudomonas putida in the restoration of technogenically disturbed territories of the Kuzbass
Authors: Asyakina L. K. , Borodina E. E. , Fotina N. V. , Neverova O. A. , Milentyeva I. S.
Published: December 2024

The Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbass) is the largest Russian region specializing in mining. Most mining operations in the region are carried out by the open method, which is the safest and most effective, but contributes to the formation of a significant amount of technogenically disturbed land. To form a fertile soil layer and vegetation cover, it is rational to use microorganisms together with plants. Microorganisms are known to be able to intensify plant growth by improving their nutrition, synthesis of growth-stimulating substances, and protection from phytopathogens. The greatest growth-stimulating properties were noted for representatives of the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus. In turn, some plants, in particular the granary (Agropyron cristatum L.), form stable herbage and participate in the formation of the surface horizon of soils (sod). The purpose of the work was to study the prospects for the joint use of Pseudomonas fluorescens B-4252, Bacillus megaterium B-3778, Pseudomonas putida B-2950, and granary to increase fertility and form a stable vegetation cover in the technogenically disturbed territories of the Kuznetsk Basin. It has been established that the studied strains are capable of producing prussic acid, phytohormones, as well as phosphorus solubilization and nitrogen fixation. These strains and consortia based thereon improve the growth of the granary in laboratory conditions. Seed treatment with the above microorganisms contributes to an increase in germination and the growth rate of the granary. E.g., the germination of seeds during processing by consortium No. 2 was 94%, which was 12% more compared to the control (without treatment). The average length of the sprouts in this treatment option was 56 mm, which was more than 17 mm for the control. Due to the described qualities, the consortium could become an effective agent to accelerate the restoration of the Kuzbass technozems.
Permanent growth on a stony substrate
Authors: Ashikhmina Tamara Ya. , Domracheva Lyudmila I. , Korotkikh Anastasia I. , Kondakova Liubov V. , Skugoreva Svetlana G. , Fokina Anna I.
Published: December 2024

Multispecies cyanobacterial communities (biofilms, the “blooming” phenomenon) may constantly develop and vegetate for a long time on various dense media, including soil and stony substrates. These communities are of interest both theoretically and practically. Some specific features of such biofilms are due to the fact that in addition to phototrophs (algae and cyanobacteria), they include heterotrophic bacteria, micromycetes, protozoa, rotifers. I.e., a classical trophic network is observed in such microbial cenoses, which makes it possible for such consortia to exist for a long time, primarily due to the ability of cyanobacteria to autotrophic nutrition in terms of carbon (photosynthesis) and nitrogen (nitrogen fixation), which ensures their stability not only in stable environmental conditions, but also in stressful situations. From a practical viewpoint, cyanobacterial biofilms could find application in biotechnology in such areas as biosorption and the synthesis of exometabolites of various directions. In addition, they could be useful in connection with the operation of various buildings made of a material similar to that which served as a substrate for the growth of these microorganisms in our experiment. The studied biofilms were maintained for 15 years in a model experiment on a stony substrate. Our analyzes carried out to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the phototrophic component of these biofilms, their antifusarium activity, the content of pigments and the concentration of heavy metals showed that the growths were characterized not only by morphological differences, but also by significant differences in the determined indicators depending on the nature of growth. Within this stony substrate, three different types of biofilms and specific growths on the walls of the container which the cultivation took place in were identified.
ABRAHAM DI TENGAH PLURALITAS
Authors: Tundu Surianti
Published: December 2024

Masalah penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana sikap Abraham dalam narasi Kejadian 14:17-24 dapat memberikan teladan teologis dalam menghadapi pluralitas budaya dan agama, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia yang majemuk. Obyek penelitian adalah teks Kejadian 14:17-24, yang dianalisis untuk mengungkap relevansinya terhadap upaya merawat pluralitas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyoroti narasi simpatik terhadap pluralitas dalam Perjanjian Lama dan bagaimana hal tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kritik naratif dan kritik historis. Kritik naratif digunakan untuk menganalisis struktur dan dinamika narasi, seperti karakter, simbol, dan konflik dalam teks. Sementara itu, kritik historis membantu memahami konteks sosial-historis bangsa Israel, termasuk interaksi mereka dengan budaya dan agama di Kanaan. Data dikumpulkan dari analisis teks Alkitab serta studi pustaka mengenai pluralitas di Indonesia, yang kemudian dianalisis secara interpretatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Abraham menunjukkan sikap simpatik dan akomodatif terhadap pluralitas, seperti menerima berkat dari Melkisedek, menggunakan nama El Elyon, dan tidak bersikap konfrontatif terhadap budaya lokal Kanaan. Sikap ini menunjukkan nilai-nilai toleransi dan moderasi dalam keberagaman. Kesimpulannya, narasi ini relevan untuk menjawab tantangan intoleransi di Indonesia dan memberikan inspirasi bagi gereja dan masyarakat untuk mempromosikan harmoni di tengah pluralitas.
Analisis Kapasitas Short Message Service (SMS) dan Probability Packet Loss pada Sistem Peringatan Dini Nirkabel di Tangki Fluida
Authors: Melvi Melvi , Ulvan Ardian , Aditama Aris , Batubara Mona Arif Muda
Published: December 2024

Purpose: In this research a wireless early warning system is designed and examines how to overcome communication errors or delays in information received by operators by analyzing traffic and Blocking Probability SMS (Short Massege Service) in wireless early warning systems on fluid tanks.
Methodology: System testing uses the FC 37 sensor as a fluid sensor (which includes electrolytes or can conduct electric current).
Results: This early warning system works well and works at a droplet volume of ± 0.5 ml. Based on the calculation of SMS Blocking Probability based on the increasing number of SMS subscribers, the Blocking Probability also increases. For the number of SMS 8448 subscribers the Blocking Probability SMS is 0.0093% and for the number of SMS 11520 subscribers the Blocking Probability SMS is 0.1719%. The Probability of Packet Loss is influenced by the Probability of BER. Probability BER calculation using the modulation used, namely 16-QAM (with a code rate of ½ and ¾) and 64-QAM (with a code rate of 2/3 and ¾) is influenced by the distance of the UE to the BTS. This distance has an effect because the BER Probability calculation uses the Walfish-Ikegami propagation model to calculate Pathloss. At a distance of UE and BTS 0.2 km Probability Packet Loss using 16-QAM ½ 2.55 x 10-14 modulation, 16-QAM ¾ 1.14 x 10-14 modulation, 64-QAM 2/3 3.05 x 10 modulation -9, and 64-QAM ¾ 2.94 x 10-9. The 16-QAM Packet Loss value is smaller than the 64-QAM because the bit values used are different, 16-QAM uses 4 bits while 64-QAM uses 6 bits.