bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Security for Sustainable Development in Nigeria: The Role of Religious Leaders
Authors: Okoh Blessing Uenosen
Published: August 2023

The scourge of insecurity in Nigeria has become a recurring decimal that threatens the protection of lives and properties. This invariably poses danger to sustainable development. It has become of great concern to us in the nation. Government effort to address the scourge which include public security awareness campaigns, equipping the security agencies, amnesty programmes, job creation to mention a few have not yielded the desired results. This could be as a result lack of political will by leaders at various levels, policy inconsistencies and the craze for wealth. Security is a necessary ingredient for sustainable development in Nigeria. This paper therefore examines the possible role religious leaders could play in addressing national security for sustainable development in Nigeria. Historical-descriptive method was employed in this enterprise. It concludes with the fact that any attempt to effect societal change with regard to national security without involving Religious Leaders is tantamount to ignoring one of the crucial catalysts for that process. The paper recommends that Religious leaders by virtue of their grass-root support and coverage should co-operate with governmental agencies to stem the tide of insecurity of lives and properties in the country. Until and unless this is done, the goal of sustainable development of the country will be difficult if not impossible to achieve.
Gasoline Generators and their Effects on Air Quality of Some Selected Business Centers in Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State
Authors: Robert James J , Dibia Victor O.
Published: August 2023

This study considered gasoline generators and their effects on air quality of some selected business centers in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Air quality monitor was positioned 1.5m above the floor to determine the concentration levels of CO, CO2 and O2. The measurements were done on a daily for a period of three weeks. At FCE (T), Omoku, the mean concentration values of CO for Business and Institution’s generators were 109.2ppm and 62.3ppm; CO2 283.6ppm and 27.4ppm and O2 185.8% and 192.1% respectively. At IAUE, Port-Harcourt, CO for Business and Institution’s generators had mean concentration values of 144.7ppm and 89.6ppm; CO2 210.9 ppm and 188.8ppm, and for O2, 225.4% and 239.2% respectively. Similarly, for RSU, Port-Harcourt, the mean concentration of CO for Business and Institution’s generators were 144.8ppm and 84.5ppm; CO2 171.1ppm and 124.ppm; and for O2, 196.8% and 164.3%. respectively. CEAP, Port-Harcourt, CO had mean concentration values of 215.3ppm and light 92.2ppm, CO2 226.2ppm and 109.2ppm, whileO2 mean concentration values of 120.1% and 198.2% respectively. The concentration levels of CO, CO2 for business generators were much higher compared to when Institutions’ generators were used. The mean values of CO concentrations for the selected institutions for the period under study were higher than OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 50ppm (55mg/m3), NIOSH recommended exposure limit (REL) of 35ppm (40 mg/m3) and ACGIH threshold limit value (TLV) of 25ppm (28.6mg/m3), while that of CO2 concentration levels were less than OSHA’s established permissible limit of 5000ppm, and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists(ACGIH) threshold limit value (TLV) of 25ppm. It was also observed that as the concentrations of CO and CO2 increase, the O2 levels also decrease. It is therefore, very important to state that tertiary institutions’ managements in Nigeria should consider the provision of regular power supply on
Prerequisites for the effectiveness of interrogation of victims of robbery attacks on citizens’ homes with the use of weapons
Authors: Bryskovska Oksana , Zilinskyi Andrii , Ahmadov Vusal
Published: August 2023

Currently, the problem of violations of property rights involving the seizure of other people’s property and breaking into people’s homes with weapons is becoming more acute. Poor investigation of these cases causes a public outcry. Victims are the ones who have the best information about the incident, so it is important to study the prerequisites for interrogating the injured party. The research aims to build a structure of consistently logical, generalised questions for interrogating victims of robberies involving the use of weapons. The methods used are analytical, generalisation, analogy, and synthesis. The general, guiding questions for the interrogation of victims during the investigation of robberies involving weapons are formulated in the study. Such questions are formulated considering the victim’s condition after a robbery attack on a home using weapons, as well as the results of studying the peculiarities of committing these crimes, establishing, and summarising their circumstances. These aspects allow the investigator to obtain holistic, logically connected information about the crime to build a system of evidence. The general, orientation questions for interrogating victims during the investigation of robbery attacks on citizens’ homes with the use of weapons are systematised, divided into types, grouped and summarised, so that it is more convenient for investigators to study and use them during the investigation of such criminal offences for a more effective reproduction of the sequence and integrity of the event, as well as for obtaining complete and reliable testimony during the interrogation of the victim. The author identifies the consequences of using incorrectly formulated questions to the victim by the investigator during interrogation, and the danger of using questions which are not prepared for the relevant criminal offence is clarified. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the results of scientific research will contribute to the improvement of interrogation of a victim of robbery with weapons
The Mannerism of Giulio Romano: Innovation and dramatic imagery
Authors: Linda Svitlana
Published: August 2023

Giulio Romano was a prominent Italian Mannerist architect from Mantua of the Late Renaissance who made a significant contribution to the development of architectural processes and proposed methods of interpreting the order system used in the modern era. The research aims to present the architect's activity as a natural step in the development of the classical order system. The methods of systematisation, comparative and synchronic analyses were used. The study analyses from the artistic point of view the most significant realised objects by Giulio Romano: Palazzo del Te, Cavalerizza in Palazzo Duccale, and the architect's house in Mantua. It is shown how the artist interpreted the order system to form an individual architectural style, full of drama and tension in composition. The study proposes a concept that explains the reason for the emergence of Mannerism, which is based on the Renaissance architects' perception of their place in the historical process. It is shown that the architects' understanding of their time as superior to the masters of antiquity and the awareness of the idea of permanent development as the basis of the historical process created a methodological and methodological prerequisite for Mannerism, which can be described by the term "stylisation". The study also proves that the methods of interpreting the order system proposed during the Late Renaissance were developed in the practice of postmodernism and have not lost their relevance in the present
Eco-innovations for sustainable development of Ukrainian enterprises
Authors: Horbal Natalia , Makarova Yulia
Published: August 2023

The successful development of enterprises is based on many factors, and today, global environmental problems, the depletion of natural resources, global warming, and overpopulation are highlighting the importance of eco-innovation for sustainable development. The purpose of the study was to investigate the essence and significance of eco-innovations for the sustainable development of Ukrainian enterprises, in particular, considering the consequences of the 2022 military aggression against Ukraine. Research is generally based on methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalisation, and explanation. Prerequisites for the introduction of eco-innovations are established by the following groups of factors that put pressure on business: economic, regulatory, market, and socio-environmental. Three key groups of effects of eco-innovations (environmental, economic, and social) are identified and the advantages and disadvantages of their implementation for business are analysed in detail. As the analysis and successful global examples have shown, eco-innovations provide an increase in customer and employee loyalty, increase sales and improve the brand image, and so on. At the same time, the following disadvantages are mentioned: significant costs; technical, technological, and regulatory difficulties; rising prices for goods, and in addition, there are additional specific obstacles in Ukraine. Although many Ukrainian companies successfully introduce innovations, in general, it is shown that they lag behind firms in developed countries in terms of technological efficiency and sales of high-tech products. Ukraine has already achieved quite significant positions in the Environment Performance Index 2022 on the way to implementing the European Green Deal. However, the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 negatively affected the state of its economy, environment, science and innovation. The practical value of the study is to provide recommendations for the sustainable development of Ukraine based on the European Green Deal and innovative global eco-approaches
RUSTY-LEAF MISTLETOE (SCURRULA FERRUGINEA), A PARASITIC PLANT ON COCOA AND ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors: CHUNG GAIT FEE
Published: August 2023

The mistletoe ( Scurrula ferruginea ), a parasitic plant, is quite widespread in Malaysia. A severe infestation of S. ferruginea was reported on mature hybrid cocoa (9-12-year-old plantings) in a cocoa estate near Merlimau, Malacca in the 1980s. The effect on crop yield was not known, but the vigour, yield and photosynthetic capability had been greatly reduced. The control measures included: (i) removal of infected trees or their infected branches by pruning or poisoning, and (ii) chemical treatments designed to kill the endophytic system. A total of 588 hectares were pruned manually to remove the mistletoes in the cocoa estate near Merlimau, in May/June 1989. The average cost of pruning was estimated at RM 34.50 per hectare. In a poisoning trial using six herbicides (fluroxypyr, triclopyr, dicamba, paraquat, glufosinate-ammonium and 2,4,5-T) the costs was as high as pruning. Manual pruning was therefore the recommended method of controlling cocoa mistletoe. Integrated Weed Management is perhaps the next step towards more effective and more efficient control of mistletoes over very large areas inclusive of cocoa estates, orchards and other agricultural/non-agricultural areas. Keywords: Scurrula ferruginea, mistletoe, parasitic plant, cocoa, management
EARLY SIGN OF DWARF STEM TRAIT INHERITANCE IN THIRD CYCLE DURA DERIVED FROM NIGERIAN PROSPECTION MATERIAL - A STUDY IN LARGE POLYBAG NURSERY
Authors:   IOI GROUP, AMIRUL A T , GOH H L , SUBRAMANIAM M , MATHEWS J
Published: August 2023

Selection for annual increment of short trunk (dwarf) is one of the objectives in this oil palm breeding programme with the expectation of prolonging the economic lifespan of a cycle of field cultivated commercial plantings. Bi-monthly vegetative measurement of seedlings in the main nursery indicates the early inheritance of low height increment trait in the third cycle of duras developed from Nigerian Prospection Material (NPM) of MPOB trial 0.150 as compared to the third cycle of inbred lines Limited Breeding Programme (LBP) dura, which is considered as the traditional Deli dura population. The main nursery measurement showed that the third cycle inbred NPM dura was shorter and the character could have been inherited from the selected second cycle parents. Other agronomical observations related to palm physiology on the uptake of magnesium recorded during the study is also discussed in this paper. Keywords: Oil palm, Nigerian prospection material, nursery growth measures.
Fodder production in Ukraine: Trends, problems and prospects
Authors: Voronetska Iryna , Yurchuk Natalia
Published: August 2023

During the years of Ukraine's independence, the provision of fodder to the livestock industry and their effective use remained a difficult and unsolved problem. The military aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, economic, geopolitical, climatic instability, global food crisis exacerbated the pre-war problems and led to the emergence of new threats and challenges in fodder production. The purpose of the study is to assess the state and main trends of the feed market of Ukraine, the problems of the feed industry in the context of modern threats and challenges. The research uses generally accepted methods of scientific economic research, in particular: bibliometric, scientific abstraction and hypothesis, systematic and economic analysis, monographic, analysis and synthesis, complex, abstract-logical, induction and deduction, comparison and logical generalization. The main problems of Ukrainian fodder production were considered: the increase in the cost of material resources, energy resources, the increase in the cost of harvesting and storage of domestically produced fodder, the shortage of labor force due to migration and mobilization, extreme climatic conditions that affect the yield of fodder crops, the quantity and quality of fodder, non-compliance with crop rotation, low feed quality, regional redistribution of feed production and consumption, shortage of working capital, problems with reimbursement of value added tax, delays in customs clearance of imported material resources, high inflation, fixed exchange rate, problematic insurance/letter of credit instruments under export contracts, destruction of the main supply chains in Ukraine, change in the geography of exports, blockade of sea ports, high cost of created logistics chains, difficult access to the market of European countries from the point of view of import and product certification, limitation of throughput capacity of European logistics centers, etc. Attention is focused on the problems of fodder production in the de-occupied and front-line territories: a shortage of resources due to the loss of funds and property due to shelling and theft by the Russian military, the destruction of crops, the inability to export products, the death of farm animals due to military actions, damage and destruction of agricultural infrastructure and equipment, the impossibility of conducting technological operations, negative consequences for the land fund as a result of mining, artillery shelling, movement of heavy equipment, etc. The main results of the research can be used for scientific developments and in the practical activities of agricultural producers, assessing the impact of risks and threats on the fodder production industry of Ukraine
Marketing communication in the context of the optimal model of the national pattern system of waste management in Ukraine
Authors: Nesterenko Volodymyr , Rosokhata Anna
Published: August 2023

The issue of rational waste management in Ukraine is quite acute. The system is in a state of decay, because about 94% of waste ends up in landfills and, at the same time, has a negative impact on the environment. That is why the issue of building a perfect management system and applying marketing communications in Ukraine is quite relevant, because proper waste management with the help of marketing measures will not only save the environment, but also attract secondary raw materials to energy or further production. The purpose of this work was to research and generalize the aspects of marketing communications in the context of the optimal model of the national pattern system of waste management in Ukraine. The research used a system method, an analysis method, and complex and integrative methods. It was determined that the level of volumes of generated and accumulated waste in Ukraine is quite high. It has been established that it is necessary to develop and improve measures for the disposal of acid, alkali or salt waste, other mineral waste, chemical waste, industrial waste sludge, ferrous metal waste and mixed and undifferentiated materials. Necessary waste disposal measures have been determined, which in turn should provide an opportunity to organize complex waste processing measures and ensure the use of their energy potential. The marketing communications established in the study will help to implement measures to stimulate recycling enterprises by the state, to establish relationships between producers and consumers of secondary products, to provide informational support for waste processing through the media, to create a marketing complex around secondary products and to reproduce the use of secondary products in energy efficiency. The recommended structure of marketing communications for running a waste management business in Ukraine will bring recycling to a new level and increase its efficiency. The practical significance of the study is that the identified waste disposal measures and accompanying marketing communications can be used in Ukraine to improve the effectiveness of the waste management system
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Cucurbita Maxima Leaf Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans Isolated from Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Jain Ravindra Kumar , Maliael Mathew Thomas , Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
Published: August 2023

Aim
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and anti-biofilm activity of Cucurbita Maxima leaf extract on Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental plaque of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Methodology
Dental plaque samples were collected from out patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. From the plaque samples Biochemical Characterisation of Streptococcus mutans then Collection of Medicinal Plants was done followed by Preparation of Solvent Extract and stock Solution. Evaluation of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the plant extract and Biofilm Inhibition Assay with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum Analysis (GCMS) was carried out.
Results
The MIC was identified to be 1.25mg/ml. The biofilm inhibition assay showed that the extract did not inhibit the formation of the biofilm. The GCMS analysis identified twenty five constituent compounds from the crude extract. 
Conclusion 
The C. maxima leaf extract showed antibacterial activity against S. mutans and the minimum inhibitory concentration was identified at 1.25mg/ml. The extract did not inhibit the formation of biofilm.
Selection of the Best Solvent Extract for Antimicrobial Activity Obtained from Marine Mollusca Shells
Authors: Thamizharasan R. , Ravichandran R.
Published: August 2023

Marine organisms are a rich source of structurally novel and biologically active metabolites. So far, many chemically unique compounds of marine origin with different biologically activity have been isolated and a number of them are under investigation and/or are being developed as new pharmaceuticals. Screening of secondary metabolites from Mollusca shell is a common approach to identify compounds of biomedical importance. The aim of the present study is to assessment of antimicrobial activity of different extracts from ten different (Anadara antiquata, Anadara rhombea, Chicoreus virgineus, Donax cuneatus, Mactra violacea, Pugilina cochlidium, Donax scortum, Turritella acutangula, Trachycardium asciaticum and Tonna dolium) Mollusca s shell. The shell powders were immersed separately in ethanol, acetone, methanol and cold steeped for overnight at -18°C. The antimicrobial effects of different (Ethanol, acetone and methanol) extracts were tested against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans strains. The extract obtained from ethanol showed a higher degree of inhibition to the both microbes. Maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited P. cochlidium against E. coli (7.00mm) and C. albicans (5.40mm) by the ethanol extract as compared to other extracts. On the basis of antimicrobial activity of different extracts, ethanol extract is used for further subsequent antimicrobial activities.
Prevención de la resistencia bacteriana en adultos con infecciones respiratorias. Chimborazo, Ecuador
Authors: Quesada Fernández Margarita , Barros Chafla Cristian Geovanny
Published: August 2023

El aumento significativo de la resistencia bacteriana constituye una amenaza potencial para los seres humanos a nivel global. Con el objetivo de identificar los factores que contribuyen al desarrollo de la resistencia bacteriana en el tratamiento de las infecciones respiratorias en adultos de la ciudad de Riobamba en la provincia Chimborazo, Ecuador; se desarrolló un estudio de tipo descriptivo donde se aplicó un diseño no experimental con enfoque cuantitativo; la muestra estuvo conformada por 55 participantes mayores de edad que presentaron una infección respiratoria en los últimos 6 meses tratada con antimicrobianos. Se determinó que entre las causas fundamentales de resistencia bacteriana presentes en el grupo de estudio estuvo la prescripción inadecuada de antibióticos, la duración incompleta del tratamiento y la recomendación empírica del uso de antibióticos para el tratamiento de infecciones respiratorias. Se recomienda como estrategias de prevención de la resistencia bacteriana en adultos con infecciones respiratorias la educación a la población y profesionales de la salud sobre el uso adecuado de antibióticos, la prevención y control de las infecciones nosocomiales, la regulación del uso de antibióticos en veterinaria y la promoción de la vacunación en la población.
Developing Tornado Climatology in the Southern Great Plains per Phases of Prominent Oceanic Oscillations
Authors:   , Fillo Nicholas
Published: August 2023

Meteorologists are continually working toward a greater understanding of which atmospheric environments are most conducive for tornado development. This Capstone project analyzed tornado occurrences across Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana during the period 1950 through 2009 to determine if any correlation exists between the location and frequency of tornado activity and the phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. While it was determined that no phase of any of the oscillations studied was significantly more dominant over the other(s) concerning frequency, this project does identify some spatial shifts in tornado activity depending on the phase. By establishing basic tornado climatology, this project also provides the basis for continued research in a number of related topics
Elucidating Genetic Variability of Brassica napus L. Progenitors and Their Crosses for Enhanced Qualitative Traits
Authors: Ali Shah Muhammad , Ahmad Haseeb , Ullah Fareed , Rehman Faiz Ur , Rasheed Syed Majid
Published: August 2023

Evaluation of the breeding population is crucial for the selection of a superior genotype. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess genetic variation among five Brassica napus L. parents and their diallel hybrids to identify the best-performing parents and crosses. Heterosis and inbreeding depression were also assessed for the qualitative traits. Among the parental genotypes, Ancestor 2702 was identified as the best general combiner for protein (1.41%) and oleic acid content (1.21%). 2702×DUNCLED was the best specific combiner for oil content (0.78%), while 2702×2722 was recognized as best cross for linoleic acid content (1.3%). Similarly, DUNCLED×2702 was the best reciprocal cross for oil content (2.4%) and linoleic acid content (0.4 %), while P1-801×2702 was considered the best cross for protein content (2.2%) and oleic acid (1.7%). All the qualitative traits revealed a broad sense of heritability and non-additive type of gene action, which indicated the later generation selection for further improvement. High oleic acid content, preferred negative mid and best parent heterosis for erucic acid, glucosinolate and moisture contents was reported for 2702×DUNCLED. The favorable cross combination for protein and oil content was 2702×2722, which also yielded the positive mid and best parent heterosis. Inbreeding depression for qualitative traits ranged from -20.8% to 22.9%. It was concluded that among all the genotypes, accession 2702 was the best general, specific and reciprocal combiner, and the best parent heterosis for all traits when crossed with genotypes DUNCLED, P1-119 and 2722. It is also suggested that the screened crosses be carried to further generations to improve the quality related traits of Brassica napus. L.
Management and functional approaches to local economic development of communities
Authors: Fedorenko Tetiana
Published: August 2023

Local economies are key factors for ensuring the sustainable development of regional economies and countries in general, so there is a need to use effective approaches to managing local economies. The purpose of the article was to analyse the use of managerial and functional approaches to manage local economies in Ukraine, Germany, the USA, Poland and China, and to make recommendations for improving the local economy in Ukraine based on this information. The research was carried out using the methods of analysis, synthesis, specification, comparison and generalisation. It was found that the use of a joint management and functional approach to determine the key functions of the local economy and create strategies for their development is the most effective approach. The importance of understanding the peculiarities of the local economy and accounting for local resources, infrastructure and potential for the development of effective development strategies was highlighted. The need to involve local communities and stakeholders in the process of developing and implementing such strategies was emphasised. It was determined that the following things will help improve the economic climate of communities: ensuring sustainable and long-term financing of local economic development programs and projects, active participation and support of local communities and business representatives, development of public-private partnership mechanisms, increasing the level of competence and qualifications local personnel, application of innovative technologies and approaches, development of the system of monitoring and evaluation of results, strengthening of international cooperation. The results of this study can be useful for participants of the local economy, and can also be the basis for future research in the field of local economic development
An economic approach to strategic vectors’ formation for strengthening the state energy security
Authors: Shchurov Igor
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the research on strengthening the country’s energy security is stipulated by modern challenges, unstable economic situation in the country and the change in strategic tasks of Ukraine’s development in the direction of strengthening its energy independence. The goal of the article was to determine the essence of the country’s energy security and strategic vectors of its development on the basis of economic approach. Methods of logical generalization and data systematization, graphic method of data visualization, comparative analysis of statistical data and performance indicators of stations to identify interdependencies between data have been applied to achieve the goal of the study. Scientific approaches to defining the notion of energy security have been analysed. The analysis of economic approach to considering the essence of energy security is presented. The economic approach provides for three tools for the successful and effective development of the energy sector: the development of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and energy diversification. Analytical data on the implementation of alternative energy sources in Ukraine, their investment attractiveness and operating costs have been studied. The costs of electricity production using various technologies have been considered and it has been discovered that wind and solar power plants are the least expensive and have the potential for effective operation on the territory of Ukraine. It was revealed that the lack of policy on the energy-efficient use of resources and its investment development strategy reduces the level of competitiveness among business representatives. Key directions for strengthening the country’s energy security have been formulated based on the obtained data of the analysis. The results of the research will enable energy companies to develop effective solutions for the successful implementation of energy efficiency policies and will serve as key aspects when searching for potential investors and partners
The shadow economy as a threat to the economic security of the state
Authors: Onyshchenko Svitlana , Hlushko Alina , Kivshyk Oleksandr , Sokolov Alexander
Published: August 2023

The relevance of scientific research is determined by the need to substantiate the specifics of the impact of the shadow economy as a polysystemic phenomenon, inherent in any national economic system, on the economic security of the state. The purpose of the work was to study the size, trends of the shadow economy in Ukraine and its impact on the economic security of the state in order to form the directions of unshadowing the economy as a necessary condition for the accelerated economic growth of Ukraine. The methodical approach used for the implementation of the specified research goal is based on a combination of an integral, indicator, graphic method and a method of comparative analysis of assessments of the shadow economy and the level of economic security of the state. It has been proven that the shadow economy is a real threat to the economic security of the state, the destructive influence of which, in the case of its excessive spread, increases in the conditions of fluctuations in the market situation and economic instability. The problems of the asymmetric influence of the shadow economy on the formation of the business environment in Ukraine are considered. A direct inverse relationship between the level of shadowing of economic activity and the level of economic security of Ukraine was revealed. It has been proven that the scale of the shadowing of the national economy of Ukraine is threatening and particularly dangerous. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop and implement the policy of unshadowing and decriminalising the economy. Recommendations are provided as to unshadowing the economy in the direction of the formation of a favourable security-oriented business environment by overcoming the deep sources of the development of shadow socio-economic processes in order to minimise threats to the economic security of Ukraine. The results of the scientific work, as well as the conclusions formulated on their basis, can be used in the improvement of the state policy of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine in conditions of the European integration and increasing influence of global challenges
Distribuição espacial da concentração de casos de Leishmaniose Tegumentar em municípios da Região de Campinas e as considerações sobre os limites espaciais das Sub-bacias Hidrográficas para construção do cenário da Vigilância Entomológica nesta Região
Authors: Rangel Osias , Mary Perpetuo Sampaio Susy
Published: August 2023

Durante vários anos de transmissão de Leishmaniose tegumentar na região deCampinas-SP, alguns municípios apresentaram elevado número de casos em relação aesta região. Os principais municípios foram estudados, considerando os limites espaciaisdas Sub-bacias Hidrográficas dos Rios Principais e a concentração de casos avaliada peloestimador de Kernel no contexto das relações ecológicas do modelo mancha-corredormatrizcomo relevantes para estabelecer o cenário para Vigilância Entomológica da doençanesta região. Os resultados demonstraram que 86% (6/7) dos principais “pontos quentes”de casos e 77,6% (38/49) das Sub-bacias Hidrográficas com ocorrência de casos, os RiosPrincipais estavam presentes. Os resultados observados neste estudo sugeriram maiorpermeabilidade da matriz para ocorrência da doença em mosaicos com a presença dosRios Principais e reforça a necessidade de considerar os limites espaciais das Sub-baciasHidrográficas dos Rios Principais para elaboração dos cenários da Vigilância Entomológicada doença nesta Região.
Nitrato em águas subterrâneas: Um alerta sobre os riscos à saúde
Authors: Maiara da Fonseca Santos Larissa , Aguilar da Silva Rosângela
Published: August 2023

A água doce é essencial para a manutenção da vida no planeta Terra. Estáintrinsecamente ligada à saúde e à dignidade humana. As demandas por água nomundo são cada vez maiores devido ao crescimento da população, às mudanças dosprocessos de produção, aos hábitos de higiene, conforto e às exigências de qualidadeambiental e de vida da espécie humana. As atividades industriais e agrícolas têmaumentado consideravelmente, resultando na geração de poluentes tóxicos. Destes,o nitrato (NO3-) é uma preocupação ambiental em escala global e, possivelmente, éo contaminante mais difundido na água subterrânea do mundo, resultando em sériaameaça para o abastecimento de água potável. O consumo de nitrato por meiodas águas de abastecimento está relacionado a riscos de agravos como a metahemoglobinemiaou “síndrome do bebê azul”, uma doença caracterizada pela falta deoxigênio na corrente sanguínea que provoca mudança na cor da pele do bebê, que setorna azul. Outro tipo de enfermidade que pode estar relacionada à ingestão de grandesquantidades de nitratos nas águas é o câncer gástrico, ocasionado pela formação denitrosaminas carcinogênicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma compilaçãode diversos estudos que investigaram a presença de nitrato em águas subterrâneas eapresentar o cenário atual da contaminação das águas subterrâneas pelo íon nitrato eo risco potencial à saúde pública. O estudo fornece um panorama da contaminação daságuas por nitrato em diferentes regiões do Brasil e do mundo e mostra a importânciada continuidade das pesquisas para ampliar o diagnóstico da contaminação por nitrato,identificar as fontes de contaminação e os impactos nas águas subterrâneas. O estudotambém ressalta a necessidade de enfrentar o problema por meio do desenvolvimentode ações preventivas e corretivas por órgãos da saúde e demais responsáveis pelosrecursos hídricos, além de medidas educativas envolvendo toda a sociedade.
Grupo de Enfrentamento à Morte Materna e Infantil: uma estratégia do Comitê Estadual de Vigilância à Morte Materna Infantil e Fetal da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo
Authors: Dias Adriana , Faria de Moura Villela Edlaine , Cardoso de Paula Regiane
Published: August 2023

O Grupo de Enfrentamento à Morte Materna Infantil da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, formado em 2018, teve suas atividades retomadas em 2019 e vem trabalhando para ampliar a qualificação dos serviços ofertados e a produção do cuidadono âmbito do Ciclo gravídico, puerperal e puericultura. O Estado de São Paulo entendendo a problemática da morte materna, infantil e fetal envolve diferentes atores que visam garantir que as políticas estaduais sejam executadas. O objetivo deste informe técnico éapresentar o Plano de Trabalho de 2022 que trata do trabalho junto aos Departamentos Regionais de Saúde e seus respectivos diretores.
HCV Phylogenetic Classification
Authors: Alao Jude Oluwapelumi , Okezie Chinonso Chinaza , Alao Oluwaseyi Joy , Olopade Elijah Oluwatosin , Komolafe Isaac Omotosho
Published: August 2023

HCV’s considerable genetic variability, which exists at various levels across viral populations in individual infected individuals at any given moment and during evolution, is a distinguishing feature of the virus. Because of this, it was discovered in 1993 through phylogenetic analysis of incomplete HCV sequences from several patient isolates worldwide that the virus could be divided into six major genotypes with significant subtypes. Based on a study of full-length ORF sequences, this categorisation was later verified. A seventh significant genotype has been identified, albeit only detected in a few people. An eight genotype has also been recently identified. The number of published ORF sequenced HCV isolates has dramatically increased because of breakthroughs in sequence analysis tools. This chapter seeks to identify the 7 main genotypes and 93 additional subtypes of HCV.
Application of Supply Chain Strategies to Improve the Performance of Syngas Networks
Authors: Zubairu Nasiru , Al Balushi Mira
Published: August 2023

Production and utilization of syngas have the benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving energy security. Renewable energy can be generated from syngas by converting problematic waste products into useful fuels and can be produced onsite to reduce transmission losses and costs. However, syngas is experiencing slow investment, production, and utilization due to bottlenecks, which are rooted in its supply chain networks. To address these challenges, this study aims to explore and evaluate supply chain strategies that drive performance in syngas networks to guide stakeholders to develop and embrace supply chain initiatives for improved competitiveness, sustainability, and energy security. Procurement, production, distribution and logistics, and end-use adoption are established as the key supply chain strategies that should be embedded in syngas supply chains to improve performance. Collaboration and technology support these strategies. These strategies will address the supply chain challenges, including feedstock availability, technology limitations and distribution infrastructure inadequacies.
National Identification Systems As Enablers of Online Identity
Authors: Obiora Nweke Livinus
Published: August 2023

This chapter examines the role of national identification systems (NIDS) as enablers of online identity in this digital age. With the rapid growth of digital services and platforms, online identity management has become increasingly crucial. NIDS are among the cornerstones shaping digital identities by providing secure authentication and access to various online services. The chapter explores the evolution of NIDS, their transition from physical to digital formats, and their integration with online identity management. It presents case studies from Estonia, India, Norway, Sweden, and Singapore to demonstrate the diverse approaches and best practices in implementing an effective integration of NIDS with online services. The chapter discusses the challenges of NIDS as enablers of online identity to highlight the areas that require attention and improvement. It also explores the impact of emerging technologies on the future of NIDS, emphasising the importance of continuous research, innovation, and international collaboration. In general, stakeholders can contribute to a more secure, connected, and inclusive digital society by understanding the significance and potential of NIDS in shaping online identities.
Recovery Monitoring of Tsunami-Damaged Paddy Fields Using MODIS NDVI
Authors: Cho Kohei
Published: August 2023

On March 11, 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake struck the Tohoku Region of Japan. A huge area along the northeast coast of Japan was seriously damaged by earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 and subsequent tsunami. The view of the coastline of the Tohoku Region was dramatically changed by the tsunami. Since then, the author and his group at Tokai University have been monitoring the recovery of the tsunami-damaged areas of Miyagi Prefecture through ground survey and satellite image data analysis. In this study, the authors have investigated how the NDVI seasonal variability of inundated paddy fields changed from year to year after the tsunami. The authors have selected two areas in Miyagi Prefecture in Japan for the test sites of the investigation. One is the paddy fields along the Kitakami River, and the other is the paddy fields in the Sennan Plain of Miyagi Prefecture. Usually, the NDVI of typical paddy fields in Miyagi Prefecture gradually increases from May to August and suddenly decreases in September due to harvesting. The NDVI trend analysis of both areas clarified how the location of paddy fields influenced recovery from the damages of the tsunami.
Predictors of Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: The Importance of Quality Early Childhood Development and Education (ECDE) Services
Authors: Kitsao-Wekulo Patricia , Mutisya Maurice , Hungi Njora , Waithanji Ngware Moses
Published: August 2023

Few studies have established the influence of different aspects of early childhood development and education (ECDE) quality on children’s outcomes in low-resourced settings in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined the impact of different aspects of ECDE quality on school readiness in a low-income context. The current study is a cross-sectional sub-study of the Tayari preschool pilot program evaluation. Baseline data were collected from public ECDE centers. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to establish predictors of school readiness, that is, 4-6-year-old children being mentally, physically, socially and emotionally ready to start and succeed in primary school. Teaching experience, availability of textbooks and school facilities were significant predictors; learners’ school readiness scores decreased with each additional year of teachers’ experience, and were higher where school facilities were better, and in schools where textbooks were available. On the other hand, school enrolment, classroom resources, head teacher support, educational attainment and teacher training did not predict school readiness. Promoting quality preschool programs has important implications for policy as it can lead to improved school readiness and later success for children in disadvantaged settings.
The University as a Scenario for the Continuity of Ethics Education
Authors: Pozo-Cabrera Enrique-Eugenio , Castellanos-Herrera Silvio-José
Published: August 2023

This work addresses three fundamental issues: First, the rescue of the ethical reflection for which civilization unknowingly cries out, starting from conceptions that, having been disdained in favor of extremely liberal approaches, left basic anchors of society without foundation. Secondly, a new conception of ethical formation—which must impact all manifestations of civil existence, with particular emphasis on the family, including the entire framework of pre-university education at its different levels—is posed as a must. Thirdly, the role played by the university in a community in which the fear of the reversal of values or the presence of anti-ethics could threaten the existence of the State. In this last aspect, and taking as an underlying theme “The New Latin American Constitutionalism,” we will show a proposal that goes beyond the simple assumption of students’ and teachers’ training in professional ethics since the problem goes far beyond a merely deontological view, becoming the impact or social transformation in the true desideratum of university education.
Ethics in the Digital Age as a Principle of Professional Conduct
Authors: Cornejo-Montoya Yan-An , García-Cornejo Sofía-Alejandra
Published: August 2023

Ethics in the digital era, as a principle of professional behaviour, has become increasingly important and is seen as a future concern with the development and technological progress in this era of digital transformation. The aim of this research was to integrate the collected studies on the evolution of ethics in the technological field as well as the implications provided in those researches where ethics applied to the field of technology and communication need a rigorous and systematic handling. The methodology used presented a qualitative, descriptive, and documentary approach, analysing the relationship between technology and the importance of ethics in the professional field. The research is supported by Kitchenham’s systematic literature review method, which allows evidence of the behaviour of professionals who use information technologies as part of their daily performance. In view of this finding, it is concluded that technology must apply a principle of responsibility with the aim of benefiting society and not just the scientific field, as a support for ethics to raise awareness among stakeholders about informed consent and professional codes of conduct, which are unknown in most of the technological fields.
Analysis and Reflections on the Current Situation of the Health Care Ethics Committees (HCECs)
Authors: Bravo-Pesantez Claudio-Esteban , Ochoa-Jiménez María-Belén , Cevallos-Loyola María-Cristina
Published: August 2023

Health Care Ethics Committees (HCECs) advise health personnel and patients in making morally difficult decisions. This work aims to analyze in a general way the current situation of the HCECs. The methodology used was a literature review. A low level of knowledge about HCECs was found, and internal and external conflicts were identified for their development. As they are beneficial organisms in hospitals, their role in facing current ethical dilemmas in health care is highlighted.
Campylobacteriosis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Okoth Olum Moses , Masila Edna , Agevi Muhoma Victor , Too Erick , Ouma Mungube Erick , Maichomo Monicah
Published: August 2023

Research and clinical works have documented various species of campylobacter in Africa. Thermophilic campylobacter has been shown to be endemic in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region, and the prevalence is suspected to be increasing. To define the geographic boundaries of SSA, the United Nations macrogeographic definition of Africa has been used in several studies https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/. According to this UN definition, sub-Saharan Africa is divided into East Africa, Central Africa, Southern Africa, and West Africa. The zoonotic potential of campylobacter has been extensively studied and documented in the SSA region. Children are the most affected by campylobacter infections, and the infections exhibit seasonal patterns. Research has shown varied sources of infection such as foods of animal and plant origins, as well as unpasteurized milk and water, but animal meat is the most common source of infection. This chapter will delve into finding more recent information on campylobacter in the region such as the species, their prevalence, virulence, and risk factors. It will also explore the options in management such as vaccines and recommended diagnosis therapeutic protocols in humans and animals.
Stability Arguments in Molecular Communication Networks
Authors: Honda Hirotada
Published: August 2023

Molecular communication has attracted ever-increasing attention in the recent years. Among its range of applications, target detection for effective drug delivery has been actively discussed both theoretically and practically. In this paper, we present a mathematical model for target detection in a cell that describes the temporal behaviors of the concentrations of bio-nanomachines, attractants, and repellents. Following our previous result guaranteeing the well-posedness of the formulation, this paper studies the stability of solution.