bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of biomarkers to measure stress, burnout and fatigue in emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mithen Lucinda M , Weaver Natasha , Walker Frederick R , Inder Kerry J
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Retaining nurses in the workforce is an urgent concern in healthcare. Emergency nurses report high levels of stress and burnout, however, there is no gold standard of how to measure these responses. This study aims to measure stress, burnout, and fatigue in emergency nurses using biomarkers and psychometric instruments. Biomarkers will be used to better understand nurses’ levels of stress and burnout and to assess the feasibility of using biomarkers as a viable stress measurement tool in a real-world setting.

Methods and analysis

A two stage cross-sectional design to measure stress, burnout and fatigue in emergency nurses while they work is proposed. All registered and enrolled nurses working in the emergency department from four hospitals in Australia will be invited to participate. Validated psychometric tools will be used in stage 1 to measure depression, anxiety, acute stress, chronic stress, burnout and fatigue. Biomarkers comprising hair cortisol, saliva alpha amylase and heart rate variability will be collected as an objective measure of stress and burnout in stage 2 over one working shift per participant. Written consent will be sought for stage 2 where nurses will provide one hair sample, wear a heart rate sensor and be asked to collect their saliva at three different time points of one shift. Data analysis will measure the domains of acute stress, chronic stress and burnout and explore relationships and correlation between psychometric measures and biomarkers.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Hunter New England Local Health District (approval number: HREC/2020/ETH01684) and University of Newcastle HREC (H-2022-0169). Results will be reported in peer-reviewed publications using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Public dissemination will occur by presenting at conferences and to the participating local health district.
Industry payments to family medicine residents in Portugal: a descriptive analysis of the national transparency database
Authors: Ruivo Marta , Cossutta Fabrizio , Moreira Fonseca Nuno
Published: August 2023

Objective

To analyse payments made to family medicine residents by the pharmaceutical industry during their residency in Portugal, using mandatory disclosure data.

Design and participants

Cohort study of residents starting their family medicine training in 2015, using data collected from the public national transparency database (Plataforma de Comunicações Transparência e Publicidade). Payments were categorised into six groups, including scientific meetings, educational activities, travel allowances, fees, gifts and undetermined.

Main outcome measures

Number of payments and the total value received by family medicine residents during their training period; number of payments according to their nature (six categories); number of payments and total value by paying entity.

Results

We analysed data of 457 family medicine residents. A total of 2790 payments were made to 424 (92.8%) residents, amounting to €826 271.14. Thirty-three residents did not receive any payment. The median number of payments per resident was 5 and the median amount received per resident was €1309.51. Residents who ranked in the top 25%, according to value received, were subsidised more than €2500.90 over the course of their residency. This subset of residents received 59.1% of the total amount disbursed in payments. Payments were primarily for attending scientific meetings (80.9%) and educational activities (17.1%). The top 10 paying entities accounted for 69.2% of the total amount paid.

Conclusion

Pharmaceutical industry funding for family medicine residents was highly prevalent, raising concerns over industry influence on medical education, while payment distribution was heterogeneous.
Initial dosage optimisation of cyclosporine in Chinese paediatric patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation based on population pharmacokinetics: a retrospective study
Authors: Feng Huanwen , Wang Xianggui , Zheng Wei , Liu Sha , Jiang Hua , Lin Yuxian , Qiu Haojie , Chan Teng Fong , Huang Min , Li Yan , Mo Xiaolan , Li Jiali
Published: August 2023

Objective

Improved understanding of cyclosporine A (CsA) pharmacokinetics in children undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is crucial for effective prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease and medication safety. The aim of this study was to establish a population pharmacokinetic (Pop-PK) model that could be used for individualised therapy to paediatric patients undergoing allo-HSCT in China.

Design, setting and participants

A retrospective analysis of 251 paediatric HSCT patients who received CsA intravenously in the early post transplantation period at Women and Children’s Medical Center in Guangzhou was conducted.

Analysis measures

The model building dataset from 176 children was used to develop and analyse the CsA Pop-Pk model by using the nonlinear mixed effect model method. The basic information was collected by the electronic medical record system. Genotype was analysed by matrix-assisted time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The stability and predictability of the final model were verified internally, and a validation dataset of 75 children was used for external validation. Monte Carlo simulation is used to adjust and optimise the initial dose of CsA in paediatric allo-HSCT patients.

Results

The typical values for clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vd) were 14.47 L/hour and 2033.53 L, respectively. The body weight and haematocrit were identified as significant variables forV, while only body weight had an impact onCL. The simulation based on the final model suggests that paediatrics with HSCT required an appropriate intravenous dose of 5 mg/kg/day to reach the therapeutic trough concentration.

Conclusions

The CsA Pop-PK model established in this study can quantitatively describe the factors influencing pharmacokinetic parameters and precisely predict the intrinsic exposure to CsA in children. In addition, our dosage simulation results can provide evidence for the personalised medications

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2000040561
Understanding the role of allied health professional support workers with exercise qualifications in the delivery of the NHS Long Term Plan within allied health professional services in England
Authors: Singh Vincent , Pollard Katherine , Okasheh Rasha , Percival John , Cramp Fiona
Published: August 2023

Demand modelling for the allied health professionals (AHPs) workforce showed that significant expansion would be needed to successfully deliver on the National Health Service (NHS) Long Term Plan. The aim was to explore the use of AHP support workers with exercise qualifications in AHP services and to understand their current and potential role in NHS commissioned AHP services in England. The project had two phases and took place between October 2020 and January 2021. In phase one, an electronic survey was carried out to identify the scope and variation of exercise professionals working in AHP support roles in NHS commissioned services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in phase two to gain further understanding about the experiences of those involved in AHP commissioned services. Survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics and interview data were qualitatively analysed using thematic analysis. Recorded interviews were transcribed and initially coded. Coding was then refined and themes were identified. Support workers with exercise qualifications made a valued contribution to AHP services and were considered cost-effective in delivering a specialised exercise intervention. AHP support workers contributed to a range of tasks relating to clinical exercise prescription. Collated data highlighted inconsistency in the way AHP support workers with exercise qualifications identified themselves, despite similar roles. Variation existed in the level of autonomy for AHP support workers with exercise qualifications, even within the same NHS Agenda for Change band. Attempts to manage this disparity involved numerous governance processes to ensure safe, high-quality healthcare in the context of delegation to support workers. Limited training and development opportunities and the lack of career progression for support workers were consistently acknowledged as a source of frustration and hindrance to individuals fulfilling their potential. AHP support workers with exercise qualifications have potential to positively impact service delivery providing added value to the NHS workforce.
The Empress Group in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Hartman Gregory M.D. , Pawley Steven M. , Utting Daniel J. , Atkinson Nigel , Liggett Jessica E.
Published: August 2023

Basal gravel and sand mantling the bedrock floors of buried valleys throughout the Canadian Interior Plains, and conformably overlying proglacial lacustrine sediment, comprise the Empress Group. While previously conceptualized as stratigraphically equivalent deposits of preglacial rivers prior to the first and most extensive continental and montane glaciations, subsequent stratigraphic studies indicated that buried valley basal gravel must have been deposited between, or during, progressively more extensive continental glaciations and could not be stratigraphically equivalent throughout the buried valley network. However, in the general absence of formation-rank stratigraphic description of basal gravel units that might better inform the geologic history of the deposits, most workers simply consider Empress Group sediments time-transgressive. In this paper, we examine basal gravel at provincial and regional scales to understand its genesis and geologic history. At the provincial scale, we map basal gravel in three dimensions using a novel machine learning approach. At the regional scale, we formally define basal gravel formations at either end of the largest buried valley system in Alberta, which informs its glacial history and physiographic development and shows the importance of formation-rank stratigraphic description. Our results indicate that the buried valley network across Alberta is palimpsest in genesis and basal gravel units within it are chronostratigraphically intercalated between tills. We advocate that the Empress Group definition be extended across Alberta with modifications to improve its clarity and utility, and formally define the Old Fort, Unchaga, Ipiatik, and Winefred formations as part of the Empress Group.
Strong Pedersen rigidity for coactions of compact groups
Authors: Kaliszewski S. , Omland Tron , Quigg John , Turk Jonathan
Published: August 2023

We prove a version of Pedersen’s outer conjugacy theorem for coactions of compact groups, which characterizes outer conjugate coactions of a compact group in terms of properties of the dual actions. In fact, we show that every isomorphism of a dual action comes from a unique outer conjugacy of a coaction, which in this context should be called strong Pedersen rigidity. We promote this to a category equivalence.
Strongly Clean Matrix Rings over a Skew Monoid Ring
Authors: Karimimansoub Arezou , Sadeghi Mohammad-Reza (Rafsanjani)
Published: August 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring with an endomorphism [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] the free monoid generated by [Formula: see text] with 0 added, and [Formula: see text] a factor of [Formula: see text] obtained by setting certain monomials in [Formula: see text] to 0 such that [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text]. Then we can form the non-semiprime skew monoid ring [Formula: see text]. A local ring [Formula: see text] is called bleached if for any [Formula: see text] and any [Formula: see text], the abelian group endomorphisms [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] are surjective. Using [Formula: see text], we provide various classes of both bleached and non-bleached local rings. One of the main problems concerning strongly clean rings is to characterize the rings [Formula: see text] for which the matrix ring [Formula: see text] is strongly clean. We investigate the strong cleanness of the full matrix rings over the skew monoid ring [Formula: see text].
On the Inclusion Ideal Graph of Semigroups
Authors: Baloda Barkha , Kumar Jitender
Published: August 2023

The inclusion ideal graph [Formula: see text] of a semigroup [Formula: see text] is an undirected simple graph whose vertices are all the nontrivial left ideals of [Formula: see text] and two distinct left ideals [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. The purpose of this paper is to study algebraic properties of the semigroup [Formula: see text] as well as graph theoretic properties of [Formula: see text]. We investigate the connectedness of [Formula: see text] and show that the diameter of [Formula: see text] is at most 3 if it is connected. We also obtain a necessary and sufficient condition of [Formula: see text] such that the clique number of [Formula: see text] is the number of minimal left ideals of [Formula: see text]. Further, various graph invariants of [Formula: see text], viz. perfectness, planarity, girth, etc., are discussed. For a completely simple semigroup [Formula: see text], we investigate properties of [Formula: see text] including its independence number and matching number. Finally, we obtain the automorphism group of [Formula: see text].
A New Young Wall Realization of B ( λ ) and B ( ∞ )
Authors: Fan Zhaobing , Han Shaolong , Kang Seok-Jin , Kim Young Rock
Published: August 2023

Using new combinatorics of Young walls, we give a new construction of the arbitrary level highest weight crystal [Formula: see text] for the quantum affine algebras of types [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We show that the crystal consisting of reduced Young walls is isomorphic to the crystal [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we provide a new realization of the crystal [Formula: see text] in terms of reduced virtual Young walls and reduced extended Young walls.
A Comparative Study on Selecting Acoustic Modeling Units for WFST-based Mongolian Speech Recognition
Authors: Yonghe Wang , Bao Feilong , Gao Gaunglai
Published: August 2023

Traditional weighted finite-state transducer– (WFST) based Mongolian automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems use phonemes as pronunciation lexicon modeling units. However, Mongolian is an agglutinative, low-resource language, and building an ASR system based on the phoneme pronunciation lexicon remains a challenge for various reasons. First, the phoneme pronunciation lexicon manually constructed by Mongolian linguists is finite, which is usually used to build a grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (G2P) model to frequently expand new words. However, the data sparsity decreases the robustness of the G2P model and affects the performance of the final ASR system. Second, homophones and polysyllabic words are common in Mongolian, which has a certain impact on the construction of the Mongolian acoustic model. To address these problems, in this work, we first propose a grapheme-to-phoneme alignment model to obtain the mapping relationship between phonemes and subword units. Then, we construct an acoustic subword segmentation set to segment words directly instead of using the traditional G2P method to predict phoneme sequences to expand the pronunciation lexicon. Further, by analyzing the Mongolian encoding form, we also propose an acoustic subword modeling units construction method that removes control characters. Finally, we investigate various acoustic subword modeling units for pronunciation lexicon construction for the Mongolian ASR system. Experiments on a Mongolian dataset with 325 hours of training show that the pronunciation lexicon based on the acoustic subword modeling unit can effectively construct the WFST-based Mongolian ASR system. Further, removing the control characters when building the acoustic subword modeling unit can further improve the ASR system performance.
Text Classification Based on Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning in Multi-Label Corpus
Authors: Yu Haitao , Xiong Feng , Chen Zuhui
Published: August 2023

The rapid development of the Internet has led to a geometric expansion of text information resources online. Among them, corpus, as the basic data source of natural language processing based on statistical language model, its construction and application have become a hot issue in current language processing research. After consulting a large number of relevant literature and materials, it was found that many researchers have provided new ideas for multi label corpus text classification methods. However, this article adds its own understanding and takes this as the direction and basis. In the introduction, the research significance of text classification was introduced, and then academic research and analysis were carried out on the two key sentences of corpus text classification and natural language processing in multi-tag corpus text classification. This article then utilizes an algorithm model to provide a theoretical basis for the study of multi-label corpus text classification methods; At the end of this article, a simulation comparative experiment is conducted, and the experiment is summarized and discussed; In the Enterprise L corpus, the difference in recall rates before and after the use of Entrance 1 was 5.5%, the difference in recall rates before and after the use of Entrance 2 was 7.8%, the difference in recall rates before and after the use of Entrance 3 was 3.3%, and the difference in recall rates before and after the use of Entrance 4 was 4.5%. At the same time, with the continuous research of natural language processing and machine learning, the research on text classification methods of multi tag corpus is also facing new opportunities and challenges.
Microwave Properties of Ba-Substituted Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 after Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Authors: Luciano Federica , Teugels Lieve , McMitchell Sean , Talmelli Giacomo , Guerenneur Anaïs , Stheins Renzo , Caluwaerts Rudy , Conard Thierry , Vaesen Inge , Sergeant Stefanie , Van Dorpe Pol , De Gendt Stefan , Dekkers Matthijn , Swerts Johan , Ciubotaru Florin , Adelmann Christoph
Published: August 2023

We have studied the effect of chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) on the ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and microwave dielectric properties of Ba-substituted PZT (BPZT), deposited by pulsed laser deposition. CMP allowed for the reduction of the root mean square surface roughness of 600 nm thick BPZT films from 12.1 ± 0.1 nm to 0.79 ± 0.15 nm. Ammonium peroxide (SC-1) cleaning was effective to remove Si CMP residuals. Measurements of the ferroelectric hysteresis after CMP indicated that the ferroelectric properties of BPZT were only weakly affected by CMP, while the piezoelectric d33 coefficient and the microwave permittivity were reduced slightly by 10%. This can be attributed to the formation of a thin dead layer at the BPZT surface. Moreover, the intrinsic dielectric permittivity at microwave frequencies between 1 and 25 GHz was not influenced by CMP, whereas the dead layer series capacitance decreased by 10%. The results indicate that the CMP process can be used to smoothen the BPZT surface without affecting the film properties strongly.
Invariant Solutions and Conservation Laws of the Time-Fractional Telegraph Equation
Authors: Najafi Ramin , Çelik Ercan , Uyanık Neslihan
Published: August 2023

In this study, the Lie symmetry analysis is given for the time-fractional telegraph equation with the Riemann–Liouville derivative. This equation is useable to describe the physical processes of models possessing memory. By applying classical and nonclassical Lie symmetry analysis for the telegraph equation with

α
,
β

time-fractional derivatives and some technical computations, new infinitesimal generators are obtained. The actual methods give some classical symmetries while the nonclassical approach will bring back other symmetries to these equations. The similarity reduction and conservation laws to the fractional telegraph equation are found.
Crack Propagation and Fragmentation Characteristics of Single-Flawed Sandstone Samples under Different Loading Conditions
Authors: Lei Wen , Wenjie Feng , Mingye Li , Junhong Yu
Published: August 2023

Red sandstone specimens with preexisting single flaw were taken as the research object in the static and dynamic loading tests. A hydraulic press was used for the uniaxial compression experiment, and SHPB was used for the impact test. The corresponding static and dynamic stress-strain curves were obtained. The crack propagation of rock samples under different loading conditions was obtained using the camera system. The crack propagation, compressive strength, and energy characteristics of samples under quasi-static and dynamic impact loading were analyzed. The findings show that the crack initiation, development, and final fracture mode of the samples are closely related to the inclination angle of preexisting flaw and strain rate. Compared with samples under static loading, tensile and shear mixed cracks, layer separation cracks, and more far-field cracks appeared in the samples under dynamic loading. With the increase of the peak of incident wave during the SHPB test, the samples with preexisting flaw change from tensile crack to X-shaped shear failure in the range of medium strain rate. Under different loading conditions, the compressive strength of samples with 45° crack is the lowest. The energy dissipation density and energy dissipating rate of the single-flawed specimens feature a rising trend with the increasing peak of incident wave, and the influence of the inclination angle of preexisting flaw on the energy dissipation is significant for a given peak of incident wave. The strength, energy dissipation, and fractal dimension of the specimens are positively correlated with each other under different strength impact loading. As the peak of incident wave increases, the inclination angle of preexisting flaw has more significant influence on the interrelation of these three parameters.
Satisfaction of Cancer Patients Treated with Oral Anticancer Medications regarding Dispensing by Community Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Balayssac David , Pereira Bruno , Desmard Juliette , Viers Hugo , Barillon Carole , Osseili Ali , Chaleteix Carine , Bachelerie Marie , Pétorin Caroline , Rouanet Jacques , Cacheux Victoria , Bailly Sébastien , Bedhomme Sabrina , Vennat Brigitte , Bahadoor Mohun , Merle Patrick , Bay Jacques-Olivier
Published: August 2023

Purpose. The growing choice of oral anticancer medications (OAMs) delivered in pharmacies puts the patients at the center of their own therapeutic management. Patient satisfaction regarding their pharmaceutical management is particularly important for adherence to their treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the satisfaction of patients treated with OAMs regarding their dispensing in community pharmacies. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a self-questionnaire proposed to patients in hospital centers and community pharmacies. The patient’s satisfaction regarding pharmacy dispensing was assessed with a visual analogue scale. Answers to questions about the quality of information they received from health professionals were recorded. The patient’s adherence to their medication was assessed with the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Symptoms and quality of life were recorded with the QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Results. Ninety-one patients were included in the analysis. The median score of satisfaction was 89 (interquartile range: 68, 100), and 49.5% had a satisfaction score ≥90/100. Satisfaction scores were higher for patients reporting information from pharmacists for the method of administration, the management of adverse effects, and drug interactions than for patients reporting no information from pharmacists. Patient satisfaction was not related to MMAS-8 scores, symptoms, or quality of life. Multivariate analysis of patient satisfaction revealed a positive relationship with information on the administration method provided by pharmacists. Conclusions. The level of information provided on OAMs to patients should be the same between pharmacists and oncologists. Good medication dispensing practices by the pharmacist are important components of patient care and satisfaction. We encourage pharmacists to provide more medication information to their patients.
Multifeature Short-Term Power Load Forecasting Based on GCN-LSTM
Authors: Chen Houhe , Zhu Mingyang , Hu Xiao , Wang Jiarui , Sun Yong , Yang Jinduo , Li Baoju , Meng Xiangdong
Published: August 2023

With the construction of a new-type power system under the China “double carbon” target and the increasing diversification of the energy demand on the user side, the short-term load forecasting of the power system is facing new challenges. To fully exploit the massive information contained in data, based on the graph convolutional network (GCN) and long short-term memory network (LSTM), this paper presents a new short-term load forecasting method for power systems considering multiple factors. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlation between load and meteorological factors, and a model including meteorology, dates, and regions was established. Secondly, GCN and LSTM are jointly used to extract the spatial and temporal characteristics of massive data, respectively, and finally achieve short-term power load prediction. Historical electrical load data from 2020 to 2022 public data of a real industrial park in southern China were selected to verify the validity of the proposed method from the aspects of forecasting accuracy, feature dimension, and training time.
Association between Intraoperative Early Warning Score and Mortality and In-Hospital Stay in Lower Gastrointestinal Spontaneous Perforation
Authors: Takada Kazuya , Nagamine Yusuke , Ishii Akira , Shuo Yan , Seike Takumi , Horikawa Hanako , Matsumiya Kentaro , Miyashita Tetsuya , Goto Takahisa
Published: August 2023

Background. Early warning scores (EWSs) can be easily calculated from physiological indices; however, the extent to which intraoperative EWSs and the corresponding changes are associated with patient prognosis is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether EWS and the corresponding time-related changes are associated with patient outcomes during the anesthetic management of lower gastrointestinal perforation. Methods. This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary emergency care center. Adult patients who underwent surgery for spontaneous lower gastrointestinal perforations between September 1, 2012, and December 31, 2019, were included. The National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) were calculated based on the intraoperative physiological indices, and the associations with in-hospital death and length of hospital stay were investigated. Results. A total of 101 patients were analyzed. The median age was 70 years, and there were 11 cases of in-hospital death (mortality rate: 10.9%). There was a significant association between the intraoperative maximum NEWS and in-hospital death (odds ratio (OR): 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–2.32,

p
=
0.013

) and change from initial to maximum NEWS (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.07–2.40,

p
=
0.023

) in the crude analysis. However, when adjustments were made for confounding factors, no statistically significant associations were found. Other intraoperative EWS values and changes were not significantly associated with the investigated outcomes. The preoperative sepsis-related organ failure assessment score and the intraoperative base excess value were significantly associated with in-hospital death. Conclusions. No clear association was observed between EWSs and corresponding changes and in-hospital death in cases of lower gastrointestinal perforation. The preoperative sepsis-related organ failure assessment score and intraoperative base excess value were significantly associated with in-hospital death.
Sepsis as the Grand Mimic of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Serratia marcescens Bacteremia with Concomitant Decompensated Cirrhotic Liver Disease
Authors: Lim Anthony M. , Ghazaleh Jonathan R. , Cacdac Robert M. , Oberndorf Julia K. , Quizon Marrey Ruby L. , Thomas Justin M.
Published: August 2023

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an elusive entity with sequelae that may be confused with sepsis. We discuss a 45-year-old man with decompensated liver cirrhosis with sepsis treated with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. Further work-up initially supported sepsis-HLH overlap syndrome (SHLHOS) and corticosteroids were added. Ongoing refractory hypotension ensued, and the patient passed within 31 hours of presentation. Based on the patient’s overwhelming immune activation and clinical course likely unsalvageable by cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents, the patient was diagnosed with sepsis with acute end organ dysfunction. This case report illustrates both the diagnostic challenge of sepsis versus HLH, which both require very different treatments, and the potential for rapid clinical decline without swift recognition and management of the true pathology.
Impact of green-emitting CaSc2O4:Ce3+ phosphor on the illuminance and color uniformity of white-light-emitting diodes
Authors: Thi Thuy My Le , Hanh Nguyen Thi My , Le Thai Nguyen
Published: August 2023

blue light stimulation, a novel green phosphor, Ce3+-activated CaSc2O4, was created, which emits green illumination with a maximum wavelength of 515 nm. Since the brightness performance of Ce3+-activated CaSc2O4 is equivalent to that of commercial phosphors such as Y3Al5O12: Ce3+, it may be utilized as a substance for chroma transformation in white-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) that comprise one blue LED, one green phosphor, as well as one red phosphor. The Ce ion is most likely at an eight-coordinated Ca position in the base crystal for said phosphor, which posesses orthorhombic CaFe2O4 configuration. The effect of burning temperature and dopant concentration on luminous strength was examined, and it was discovered that the optimal temperature and concentration reached 1,600 °C and 1 mol % Ce replaced in the Ca site, respectively. By substituting Mg for Ca, the luminous maximum wavelength moved towards greater values. Substituting Ca using Sr, on the other hand, and yielded changes towards lesser wavelengths.
Efficient background subtraction method based on fast independent component analysis in video-surveillance
Authors: Abderrahmane Naoum , Boumehed Meriem , Alshaqaqi Belal , Keche Mokhetar
Published: August 2023

Modern video surveillance has now become an active area of research with a large set of requirements and various applications. In order to detect moving objects in video surveillance scenes, background subtraction techniques are the most used. In this paper, we developed and tested an efficient background subtraction technique in video surveillance based on the fast-independent component analysis (fast-ICA) method. The proposed technique initiated, first, on the use of a developed fast-ICA algorithm in order to estimate the de-mixing matrix and the denoising matrix parameters. Second, the estimated foreground can simply model by multiplying the data matrix with the de-mixing matrix. After that, the data matrix is multiplied by the denoising matrix for removing the noise. In addition, we propose a pre-processing and post-processing operations to effectively segment the true foreground objects and improve our results. The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available change detection datasets CDnet 2012 and CDnet 2014 using performance parameters such as recall, precision and experimental results show that our algorithm can detect effectively and accurately the moving objects in several background and foreground conditions compared to other methods in literature with real-time frame rate.
Saliency-based variational active contour model for image with intensity inhomogeneity
Authors: Mazlin Muhammad Syukri , Jumaat Abdul Kadir , Embong Rohana
Published: August 2023

Variational active contour model (ACM) is used to segment or subdivide an image into the desired object. This segmentation technique in region-based ACM can be divided into two classes: global segmentation and selective segmentation. Selective segmentation, in which only a particular desired object is segmented from an input image, is preferable to the global model because the selective segmentation model proves to be very useful, especially in medical image analysis. However, when it comes to segmenting an image with inhomogeneous intensity, these models seem to give unsatisfactory results. In this paper, we propose a new variational selective ACM mainly used for segmentation of images with inhomogeneous intensity, by incorporating saliency image map and local image fitting ideas. In addition, the euler-lagrange equation (EL) was provided to solve the proposed model. A total of thirty sets of medical images were used to test the model. Numerical results show that the suggested model outperforms other existing models, with the hausdorff distance of the proposed model being 47.78% less than the competing model, and the dice and jaccard values being around 17.54% and 33.65% higher, respectively, than the competing model.
Local image fitting-based active contour for vector-valued images
Authors: Azam Akmal Shafiq Badarul , Jumaat Abdul Kadir , Maasar Mohd Azdi , Laham Mohamed Faris , Rahman Normahirah Nek Abd
Published: August 2023

Variational active contour seeks to segment or extract desired object boundaries for further analysis. The model can be divided into global segmentation and selective segmentation. Selective segmentation, which focuses on segmenting a particular object, is preferable to the global model. Recently, a number of selective segmentation models have been developed to precisely extract an object on grayscale images. Nevertheless, if the input image is vector-valued (colour), these models merely convert it to a grayscale image, resulting in data loss owing to the reduction in image dimension. Furthermore, they may have poor segmentation performance due to the intensity inhomogeneous images. Therefore, a new model on variational selective active contour for segmenting vector-valued images has been proposed that incorporates the concepts of local image fitting and distance-based fitting terms into a variational minimization energy functional. Moreover, a Gaussian function was used as a regularizer to replace the computationally expensive Total Variation term. Then, the proposed model’s Euler Lagrange equation has been provided to solve the model. When segmenting an object in inhomogeneous intensity images, the result of the proposed model was about 30% more accurate based on the Jaccard value and about 3 times faster than other existing methods.
Tracking of Gaussian pulse release length inside mode-locked semiconductor laser amplifier
Authors: Hamad Oglah Mubarak , Ibrahim Mahmood Watban , Basheer Adday Nawras
Published: August 2023

The behavior of the optical pulse release was investigated during chirped pulses amplification, which consisted of two chirped fiber Bragg grating and one semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). This occurred when the pulse width,  << carrier lifetime , as well as the effect of the length parameter on the shape and spectrum of the electric field, intensity, and phase of amplified pulses, were taken into consideration. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of release length on the temporal electric field laser amplifier while simultaneously generating optical pulses with the help of a mode-locked laser system semiconductor. In the scenario where τp and τc are taken into account, we discovered that the length of the release has a significant impact on the modes of the phase and the electric field.
Passive mode locking erbium-doped fiber laser using V2O5 polyethylene glycol saturable absorber
Authors: Baharom Mohamad Faizal , Rahman Mohd Fauzi Ab , Latiff Anas Abdul , Ahmad Aminah , Jali Mohd Hafiz , Harun Sulaiman Wadi
Published: August 2023

An ultrashort pulse erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) in anomalous group delay dispersion (GDD) has been proven to produce a soliton wave production at 1596 nm. The mode-locking operation was generated by employing a vanadium pentoxide-polyethylene glycol (V2O5)-(PEG) film as absorber for all-fiber ring setup. Under anomalous dispersion, the soliton mode-locked laser produced a peak wavelength with 2.7 nm spectral bandwidth and Kelly sidebands. Under this condition, we obtained pulse energy of 210 nJ and pulse width of 1.40 ps. The maximum peak electrical power of 150 kW was calculated at the maximum pump power. These findings shows that the V2O5-PEG film can be a good saturable absorber (SA) device in generating stable mode-locking fiber laser at the 1.55- area.
User perception of a developed GCash cash-in and cash-out machine in the Philippines
Authors: Joseph B. Enojas Mark , E. Morgado Jane , Lois Bongao Hohn , G. Arribas Ruem , Damiles Cedithlyn , Zyra N. Talon Karil Jan , M. Turallo Lorie May
Published: August 2023

The use of cashless credits in the Philippines has grown since the pandemic has begun. However, the transitions to these changes using cashless transactions have to be addressed. Kiosks and other machines that offer cash-in have been significant, but a model that does not use transactions through banks can be possible which can offer both cash-in and cash-out transactions. In this paper, a developed machine that caters both GCash cash-in and cash-out has been evaluated based on users’ perception on functionality, acceptability, and usefulness. The machine is built with a graphical user interface (GUI) which is a programmed touch screen monitor, bill acceptor, and bills and coins dispenser. The functionality based on the 50 users’ perceptions resulted in 94% excellent in loading bills, 92% accuracy on receiving the cash-in amount less the charges, 92% in dispensing bills less the charges, and 72% faster than the usual speed of transaction. All the respondents agreed that the machine is very convenient and user-friendly, while 94% said that it is very useful and they wanted it in their area. The results suggest that the machine be deployed for public use and be reproduced.
Power quality improvement in distributed generation system using intelligent control methods
Authors: Gopal Vijayshree , Srinivasan Sumathi
Published: August 2023

Hybrid electric power generation and its integration with the grid to supply consumer demand is main focus of this paper. The use of nonlinear load and advanced power electronic equipment-based devices at the consumer end introduces power quality issues in the power system network in terms of voltage and current. This paper explains the design of a control algorithm for a unified power quality conditioner used for mitigating both voltage and current-based power quality issues. The dynamic voltage restorer of unified power quality controller (UPQC) is designed with a unit vector control algorithm and the distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) is designed with fuzzy logic and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system based instantaneous reactive power theory control algorithm. The simulation model built using the MATLAB platform includes a three-phase voltage source along with hybrid electric power generation connected to linear and non-linear loads operating under different conditions. The result is analyzed in terms of voltage and current total harmonic distortion compared with IEEE 512 power quality standards and power factor improvement. The paper shows the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS)-based control algorithm gives better results in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to the fuzzy-based control algorithm. The power factor is improved using ANFIS-based controller proving the efficiency of the controller.
Static Hilbert convex set clustering for web services aggregation
Authors: Al-Musawi Nawras A. , Al-Shammary Dhiah
Published: August 2023

Web services' high levels of duplicate textual structures have caused network bottlenecks and congestion. Clustering and then aggregating similar web services as one compressed message can potentially achieve network traffic reduction. In this paper, a static Hilbert clustering as new model for clustering web services based on convex set similarity is proposed. Mathematically, the proposed model calculates similarity among simple object access protocol (SOAP) messages and then cluster them based on higher similarity values. Next, each cluster is aggregated as a compact message. The experiments have explained the proposed model performance as it has outperformed the convention clustering strategies in both compression ratio and clustering time. The best results have been achievable by the proposed model has reached up to (15) with fixed-length and up to (21) with Huffman.
Detecting surface discharge faults in switchgear by using hybrid model
Authors: Alsumaidaee Yaseen Ahmed Mohammed , Koh Siaw Paw , Yaw Chong Tak , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Chen Chai Phing
Published: August 2023

Switchgear plays a crucial role in power systems, providing protection and control over electrical equipment. However, tracking (surface discharge) can lead to insulation degradation and switchgear failure, necessitating reliable and effective identification of tracking defects. In this paper, we propose a hybrid one-dimension convolutional neural network long short-term memory networks (1D-CNN-LSTM) model as a solution to this problem. Data from both time domain analysis (TDA) and frequency domain analysis (FDA) are utilized for model evaluation. The model achieved error-free accuracy of 100% in both TDA and FDA during the training, validation, and testing phases. The model's performance is further assessed using performance measures and the visualization of accuracy and loss curves. The results show that the hybrid 1D-CNN-LSTM model works well to accurately find and classify surface discharge tracking defects in switchgear. The model offers precise and dependable fault identification, which has the potential to significantly enhance switchgear functionality. By enabling proactive maintenance and timely intervention, the proposed model contributes to the overall reliability and performance of switchgear in power systems. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for the design and implementation of advanced fault detection systems in switchgear applications.
An effective imputation scheme for handling missing values in the heterogeneous dataset
Authors: Venkatesh Sowmya , Kumar Maragal Venkatamuni Vijay , Virupakshappa Ashoka Davanageri
Published: August 2023

A high level of data quality has always been a concern for many applications based on machine learning, including clinical decision support systems, weather forecasting, traffic predictions, and many others. A very limited amount of work is devoted to exploiting the missing values for effective imputation and better prediction. This paper introduces a unique approach to predicting and imputing missing data fields in the multivariate dataset such as numerical, categorical, and unstructured. The proposed imputation method is a multi-model scheme based on the joint approach of natural language processing (NLP) encoders, machine learning-driven feature extractors, and a sequential regression imputation technique to predict missing values.
 The proposed system is robust and scalable without requiring extensive engineering. The validation of the model is done on the benchmarked clinical dataset of heart disease obtained from UCI. The results show that the proposed methods achieve better imputation accuracy and require significantly less time than other missing data imputation methods.
Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter-based DSTATCOM with an artificial neural fuzzy inference systembased controller
Authors: Chenchireddy Kalagotla , Jegathesan Varghese
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a voltage source inverter is utilized as a distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM). The DSTATCOM is used for the elimination of harmonics caused by the nonlinear load. The reference currents of DSTATCOM were estimated with a synchronous reference frame (SRF). Conventionally, the SRF uses voltage, load current and filter current to compute the reference current to track desired source current for DSTATCOM. The sliding mode controller and feedback linearization are used to design the current controller. The feedback linearization technique and sliding mode control are used to cancel nonlinearities and offer invariant stability due to modeling uncertainties due to the DSTATCOM parameter and external load disturbance. The sliding mode controller requires a rigorous mathematical model of the system. To overcome this, an artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is devised for the control of DSTATCOM. The training data of the ANFIS controller is generated from the sliding mode controller algorithm. The overall system of DSTATCOM including the ANFIS algorithm is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink SimPower block sets. The simulated response of DSTATCOM was found to be improved and better than the sliding mode controller scheme.
Assessment of energy supply security using an analytic hierarchy process based approach
Authors: Tajani Zakariyae , Tajani Chakir , Sabbane Mohamed
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we are interested in analyzing the energy supply security using one or several indicators to measure the extent of the energy security for different countries. Given that each parameter can’t give a clear idea about the energy supply risks, a composite indicator must be developped to summarize the information, to benchmark the countries and to monitor the efforts made to improve the security of supply. At this regard, based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, we determine first the weight of a three considred parameters which reflect the supply situation in a general way. Then, we proposed a new linear composite indicator that mesures energy supply security taking into consideration the above-mentioned parameters. Afterwards, in order to verify the representativeness of this index, we calculate the new indicator for five energy supply situations and we test its sensitivity to each component.