bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Patel Hardik , Verma Yadav Narain
Published: March 2018

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic condition of which diabetic fatty liver accounts for a large proportion, with 50 to 75% of the subjects demonstrating fat in the liver on ultrasound. As a result of epidemic increase in diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia, the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing worldwide.Methods: A study was conducted on a total 100 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan. Patients with known chronic liver disease and history of alcohol intake were excluded. These patients were evaluated by abdominal ultrasonography to determine the presence of fatty liver. They were divided into fatty liver group and non-fatty liver group; and were further evaluated by measurement of body mass index, Central obesity, HbA1c and lipid profile. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Of the 100 diabetic patients enrolled in this study, 64 (64%) presented with NAFLD. The highest prevalence of NAFLD was recorded in the age group of 50-59 years at 37.5%. The prevalence rate among males (65.62%) was higher than for females (34.38%). A comprised NAFLD patients (64%) and Non-NAFLD patients (34%).Conclusions: This study revealed that the NAFLD is a vital part of cluster of abnormalities such as dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity. Age and duration of diabetes are also important contributing factors in occurrence of NAFLD.
Anatomical variations in the extra hepatic biliary system: a cross sectional study
Authors: Anandhi P. G. , Alagavenkatesan V. N.
Published: March 2018

Background: The anatomy of the biliary system has been the subject of extended research for many years. Largely because of their surgical importance in cholecystectomies and the ease with which they may be studied. Though, interest has been focused on the extrahepatic bile ducts very few studies have been carried out in the Indian subcontinent. Objectives was to study the anatomical variations in extrahepatic biliary system in sample of Indian cadaveric specimens.Methods: The study material consisted of 20 adult dissection room cadavers and 30 enbloc post-mortem specimens. Cadaver specimens were studied from dissection room. Post-mortem enbloc specimens were collected from the Department of Forensic Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai. They were studied by conventional dissection method.Results: The key abnormalities found in all bladder were Hartman's pouch shape and neck in 2 (4%) subjects each. Gallstones were present in 2 (4%) subject. The length of the common Bile duct was ranging from as short as 6.5 cm in 24% of the subjects to 9cm in 4% of the subjects. High level of the cystic duct union with the common hepatic duct was noted in16% of specimens and in remaining 2% it was low union. Abnormal arrangement of structures in hepatoduodenal duct was normal in 98% but was abnormal in 2% of subjects. A total of 14% of the specimens had accessory ducts. Double and accessory cystic artery was found in 2% of the subjects each.  In 8% of the subjects, cystic artery had abnormal course and division. The right hepatic artery was had shown abnormal course and division in 4% of the subjects. Abnormal boundaries of Calot’s triangle was found in 2% of the subjects. Abnormal contents of Calot’s triangle include Accessory hepatic ducts in 10% of subjects.Conclusions: Anatomical variations of the extrahepatic biliary system are very common and a through an understanding of them is essential for surgeons to avoid damage to vital structures during surgical procedures and better surgical outcomes.
A study on assessment of awareness on generic drugs among doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India
Authors: Gupta Rohini , Malhotra Apoorva , Malhotra Pavan
Published: March 2018

Background: The assessment of doctors’ perceptions and understanding about generic medicines may help in recognizing the key areas which may act as hurdle to mass scale use of generics. The primary objective of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of doctors toward generic medicines.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a pretested questionnaire in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Jammu (J and K). The questionnaire was designed to assess the KAP about generic medicines. The doctors working in this institute during the study period were included. Data was compiled and analysed using online website, http://www.graphpad.com. P-values of < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.Results: A 62.9% doctors agreed to the fact that generic medicines were intended to be interchangeable with a branded drug (p=0.0139). Among the doctors, 77.5% were aware that generic drug manufacturers need to conduct studies to show bioequivalence between the generic medicine and their branded counterparts (p =0.0001). 88.8% of the doctors agreed that importance of generic medicines should be taught in early part of internship. 80.9% doctors did not think that switching a patient from a brand-name to generic drug may change the outcome of the therapy (p <0.0001).Conclusion: The present study showed that a good percentage of doctors were well aware of generic medicines’ usage. However due to concerns expressed by a certain fraction of participants, further work is needed on how interventions for medical professionals and for the public can lead to increase in the awareness and acceptability of generic medicines.
A study of nutritional assessment of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital of Tripura, India
Authors: Das Somnath , Sen Sukanta , Debnath Ankita , Basuthakur Sumitra , Saha Prabir Kumar , Biswas Chinmoy
Published: March 2018

Background: Tuberculosis kills more than any infection in India. TB is a serious public health problem in India. Tuberculosis causes immense morbidity. The mortality rate of this disease is also very high. Tuberculosis causes a great distress to the patients. To control this infection is a challenge to the health care facility of India. A lot of steps are being taken at various levels to end this disease. Still a huge number of patients are dying everyday from these deadly diseases. Out of so many recognised risk factors, malnutrition is considered to be as one of the most important among them. The immunity of a malnourished patient is suppressed. When the patient’s immunity is ineffective, the conversion of latent tuberculosis to diseases happens. Malnutrition invites tuberculosis and tuberculosis again causes morbidity, so there is a complex relation between this two. Malnutrition and tuberculosis are both problems of considerable magnitude in most of the underdeveloped regions of the world.Methods: In this cross sectional hospital based study involving 400 newly diagnosed Tuberculosis cases were taken. Their nutritional status was measured by BMI.Results: It was found that 66% of the study population is having malnutrition (BMI <18.5kg/m2). Malnutrition was more in females (71%). Mean BMI is 17.9Kg/m2. Mean height of the population is 1.53 meters.Conclusions: Nutritional supplementation may represent a novel approach for fast recovery in tuberculosis patients. In addition, raising nutritional status of population may prove to be an effective measure to control tuberculosis in underdeveloped areas of world. This study has demonstrated that half of newly diagnosed adult TB patients were malnourished at the time of starting treatment, with more than a quarter having moderate to severe malnutrition.
Comparison of analgesic efficacy between TAP block and local site infiltration post operatively in caesarean section
Authors: Das Nabanita , Shukla Usha , Singh Dheer , Yadav Urvashi
Published: March 2018

Background: Patients undergoing caesarean section need to be alert, comfortable and mobile in order to take care of their babies, for which they must be pain free in post operative period. The aim of present study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of TAP block with local anaesthetic infiltration specifically in LSCS patients in reducing patient pain postoperatively, as well as to decrease the analgesic requirements.Methods: The study population consisted of 60 patients posted for elective and emergency caesarean section. They were blindly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group T received 40ml 0.25% Ropivacaine in Transverses abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia and group I received 40ml 0.25% ropivacaine as infiltration at incision site for postoperative analgesia. Patients were observed for numeric pain score NPS, analgesic requirements, total analgesic consumption and adverse effects if any.Results: There was highly significant difference in numeric pain scores at 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours (p<0.0001). Both the time for first rescue analgesic and total amount of analgesic consumed are statistically significant (p<0.0001).Conclusions: TAP block is an effective postoperative analgesic procedure for post caesarean section patients.
Análisis de la alfabetización inicial en función del tipo de familia
Authors: De-La-Peña Cristina , Parra-Bolaños Nicolás , Fernández-Medina Juliana-María
Published: March 2018

La alfabetización familiar es un tema de interés debido a su influencia en el desarrollo infantil, potenciando u obstaculizando el proceso lectoescritor. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir las prácticas educativas familiares y analizar la existencia de relación significativa entre las prácticas alfabetizadoras y el tipo de familias nucleares, extensas y monoparentales. La muestra estuvo conformada por 60 familias de distintos niveles socioeconómicos con hijos en educación infantil de la ciudad de Medellín, a las que se les administró el Inventario de Prácticas Alfabetizadoras. Los resultados muestran que existen relaciones significativas entre las prácticas alfabetizadoras y el tipo de familia que las utiliza. Consecuentemente, los profesionales de la educación tienen que diseñar programas de alfabetización infantil como una herramienta pedagógica eficaz dirigida principalmente a familias externsas y nucleares.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI BANK UMUM SYARIAH DEVISA DI INDONESIA DENGAN METODE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS STUDI PADA BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA DAN BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI
Authors: Haris Helmi , Hastuti Nuning Sri
Published: March 2018

Performance is one of the indicators of efficiency in a firm including Islamic banks. Performance measurament commonly done by Islamic banks using financial ratio. However performance measurament by using financial ratio can’t show the condition of Islamic banks truthfully. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method can overcome restrictiveness of performance measurament which able to handle many input and output. DEA method is a linier programming which aim to maximize input and output. This study aims to aware and analyze financial performance of Islamic commercial bank with DEA method in period 2008-2011. The sample of two Islamic commercial bank: Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Syariah Mandiri. This study uses input variables consist of deposits, assets, and personnel costs as well as using a variable output which comprises the amount of financing and operating income. These results indicate that Islamic commercial bank foreign exchange continue to have 100 percentefficiency is a Bank Muamalat Indonesia over a period of observation, while Bank Syariah Mandiri has 100 percent efficiency in Maret 2008, September 2008, Desember 2008, Juni 2009, September 2009, Desember 2009, September 2010, Desember 2010, Maret 2011, Juni 2011, September 2011 dan Desember 2011
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan dan Harga Saham dengan EPS sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di DES
Authors: Endraswati Hikmah , Novianti Any
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of financial ratio and stock price with Earning Per Share (EPS) as a moderating variable on manufacture companies which were listed in the Shariah Securities List. Financial ratio variables were used in this study as Price Earning Ratio (PER), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Current Ratio (CR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Size. This study based on Signaling Theory. This study used secondary data was obtained from ICMD and companies annual report. The samples of this study were 46 companies which were listed in Shariah Securities List in the period 2007-2013 and the number of observation was 322. The analysis which was used in this study Residual Test because of the existence of multicollinearity. The results showed that PER, EPS, and Size have the positive effect on stock price and PER, DER, CR, NPM, and Size have the effect on stock price jointly. Moderation testing showed that the higher EPS, the influence of NPM to stock price is getting stronger. The other variables in this study did not prove were moderated by EPS.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangandan harga saham dengan Earning Per Share(EPS) sebagai variabel moderasipada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Daftar Efek Syariah. Variabelrasio keuangan yang digunakan adalah Price Earning Ratio (PER), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Current Ratio (CR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), dan Size.Penelitian ini didasarkan pada Signaling Theory. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari ICMD dan annual report perusahaan. Sampel penelitian ini 46 perusahaan yang terdaftar pada DES dengan periode 2007-2013 dengan jumlah observasi 322.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Uji Residual karena dengan menggunakan Moderated Regression Anal ysi s(MRA) di temukan adal anya gejala multikolinearitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PER, EPS, dan Size berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham dan PER, DER, CR, NPM, dan Size secara bersamasama berpengaruh pada harga saham. Pengujian moderasi menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi EPS maka pengaruh NPM terhadap harga saham semakin kuat. Variabel lain dalam penelitian ini tidak terbukti dimoderasi oleh EPS
Analisis Pengaruh Kurs Rupiah, Laju Inﬂasi, Jumlah Uang Beredar dan Pertumbuhan Ekspor terhadap Total Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah dengan Dana Pihak Ketiga sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Rifai Syukuri Ahmad , Susanti Helmi , Setyaningrum Aisyah
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the rupiah exchange rate, inflation, money supply and the growth of exports to total Islamic banking financing by using third party funds as a moderating variable. The population in this study is all Islamic banking in Indonesia both Islamic Banks or Business Unit of Sharia in 2007-2015. The sample is the entire population with time series data as much as 108 of data. The method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study showed that simultaneous variable rupiah exchange rate, inflation, the money supply and export growth significantly influence the total financing of Islamic banking in Indonesia. Meanwhile, third-party funds moderating influences the rupiah exchange rate, inflation and export growth to the total financing of Islamic banking in IndonesiaTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kurs rupiah, inflasi, jumlah uang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah dengan menggunakan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perbankan syariah di Indonesia baik Bank Umum Syariah atau pun Unit Usaha Syariah tahun 2007-2015. Sampelnya adalah seluruh populasi dengan data time series sejumlah 108. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan variabel kurs rupiah, inflasi, jumlah uang yang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Sedangkan, dana pihak ketiga memoderasi pengaruh kurs rupiah, inflasi dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah di Indonesia
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Mahasiswa Menjadi Anggota KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Mawadah Sokhikhatul , Ratno Fernaldi Anggadha
Published: March 2018

This study aims to measure and analyze the influence of religious stimuli, knowledge, creativity and reputation towards interest of becoming a member of KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang and to see which variables are the most dominant influence in deciding to become members of KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang. This is field research. The method used to collect the data is questionnaire distributed to the whole population (KSPM board). The dependent variable or variable Y is interest and independent variable or variable X is religious stimuli, knowledge, creativity and reputation. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that first, religiousvariable of stimuli has positive and significant influence; second, knowledge variable has positive and significant influence; third, creativity variable has not positive influence; and fourth, reputation variable has positive and significant influence and it becomes the most dominant variable in influencing students’ interest to become member of KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang. Primary data was obtained directly from questionnaires distributed to KSPM Walisongo members. Secondary data is obtained from literature, journals, magazines, newspapers, or data related to this research.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisa pengaruh religius stimuli, pengetahuan, kreativitas dan reputasi berpengaruh terhadap minat menjadi anggota KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang dan melihat variabel mana yang yang paling dominan pengaruhnya dalam memutuskan menjadi anggota KSPM UINWalisongo Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan, yaitupenelitian dimana informasi dikumpulkan melalui penggunaan kuesioner, dengan melibatkan seluruh populasi (pengurus KSPM) melalui penggunaan kuesioner. Dalam penelitian ini variabel terikat (dependent variable) atau variabel Y adalah minat dan variabel bebas (independent variable) atau variabel X adalah religius stimuli, pengetahuan, kreativitas dan reputasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pertama, variabel religius stimuli terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan, kedua, variabel pengetahuan terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan, ketiga variabel kreativitas tidak terdapat pengaruh yang positif, dan keempat, variabel reputasi terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan serta menjadi variabel yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi minat mahasiswa menjadi anggota di KSPM UIN Walisongo Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan, yaitu penelitian dimana informasi dikumpulkan melalui penggunaan kuesioner, dengan melibatkan seluruh populasi. Data primer diperoleh langsung dari penyebaran kuesioner kepada anggota KSPM Walisongo. Data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur, jurnal, majalah, koran, atau data-data yang berhubungan dengan penelitian
O saneamento rural no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Resende Rachel Germiniani , Ferreira Sindynara , Fernandes Luiz Flávio Reis
Published: March 2018

A exploração de recursos naturais e o crescente aumento da geração de subprodutos trazem consequências danosas para o homem e o meio ambiente. O saneamento é uma das formas de reverter esse quadro, pois promove a salubridade ambiental por meio do abastecimento público de água potável, coleta de efluentes e de resíduos, uso correto do solo, drenagem urbana, entre outros, com a finalidade de melhorar as condições de vida urbana e rural. O meio rural é caracterizado por populações com menor acesso às medidas de saneamento, com 25 % de sua população vivendo em extrema pobreza. Ao longo dos anos foram criadas diversas políticas públicas com o objetivo de universalizar o acesso às ações de saneamento. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho pretendeu por meio de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica verificar a situação acerca do saneamento básico no Brasil, com ênfase no saneamento rural. Para isto, foram utilizados como fontes de informações relevantes os principais órgãos públicos e privados, além de documentos do meio acadêmico. Conclui-se que a tendência é que o saneamento rural seja construído mais lentamente do que nas áreas urbanas devido à baixa concentração de pessoas em uma mesma área e por isso é necessária a difusão do conhecimento sobre saneamento como direito constitucional para que se torne uma construção participativa na qual a sociedade seja atuante nas demandas, promovendo melhorias na qualidade de vida.
Capital Market Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: AJIBOLA Ayodeji
Published: March 2018

The paper examined the effect of a well developed capital market on economic growth in Nigeria. We developed a model that is able to investigate how capital market development affects business cycle volatilities, and in the long run economic growth through the use of multi-variable regression analysis. Unit root test was conducted and all our estimating variables were stationary at first difference except the Christiano-Fitzgerald filter which shows that our model interpretation would not be spurious and a true representation of the relationships that exists between the explained and explanatory variables. Error Correction Model was introduced in our estimation in order to have a parsimonious model. Insignificant variables such as Net Export were removed from our model. This can be understood from the reasoning that Nigeria remains a mono-cultural economy (oil dependent) and is seen by the export shocks being negative and significant from our earlier regression result. From our result, all our variables (market capitalization, gross fixed capital, and structural activity) all have a positive but fairly insignificant impact on economic growth. The volatility measure on the other hand had a negative but highly significant impact on economic growth which supports the endogenous growth model that developing countries (Nigeria inclusive) are highly susceptible to macroeconomic shocks such as money supply shocks, export supply shocks, productivity shocks, etc). In addition, Engle-Granger co integration test was done and showed the existence of a long run relationship between capital market development and economic growth in Nigeria. We recommend adopting a policy framework that address the weak linkages between net export and the rest of the Nigerian economy by diversification, creating conducive environment that allows domestic investors to invest in the capital market and removing all impediments to local businesses. Finally, government securities should be channelled to more productive sectors to complement those in the private sector.
Deteksi Gen Resisten Insektisida Organofosfat pada Aedes aegypti di Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur Menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Yudhana Aditya , Praja Ratih Novita , Yunita Maya Nurwartanti
Published: March 2018

Banyuwangi is still listed as areas not completely free from hemorrhagic dengue fever outbreak. Changes in the genome of Aedes aegypti mosquito as the main vector of dengue virus is estimated to be the cause of difficulty in controlling the disease. Expression of Voltage Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) genes can be used as an important indication of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes resistancy to certain groups insecticides. The purpose of this study was to detect the Voltage Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) genes coding in Aedes aegypti using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); as it is related to the mechanism of resistance to organophosphate insecticides groups. Results of resistency by susceptibility test showed that Aedes aegypti mosquito samples from three district ie. Tegaldlimo, Purwoharjo, and Banyuwangi were resistant to malathion 0.8% insecticide (organophosphates group). PCR results detected gen band with 250 bp length, which confirmed that insecticide resistance gene has been detected in the tested samples. Based on this study results, it is recommended to use alternative insecticides apart from organophosphate group for dengue vector control in Banyuwangi.

ABSTRAK

Kabupaten Banyuwangi masih tercatat sebagai daerah yang belum sepenuhnya bebas dari wabah demam berdarah dengue (DBD). Perubahan genom nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor utama virus dengue diperkirakan menjadi penyebab sulitnya pengendalian penyakit DBD. Ekspresi gen Voltage Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) dapat dijadikan indikasi penting sejauh mana perkembangan nyamuk Aedes aegypti resisten terhadap insektisida golongan tertentu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi gen penyandi VGSC pada nyamuk A. aegypti yang berkaitan dengan mekanisme resistensi terhadap insektisida golongan organofosfat menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Hasil uji resistensi susceptibility test menunjukkan sampel nyamuk A. aegypti dari tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi yaitu Kecamatan Tegaldlimo, Purwoharjo, dan Banyuwangi resisten terhadap insektisida malathion 0,8 % (kelompok organofosfat). Hasil deteksi gen melalui PCR didapatkan band yang muncul dengan panjang 250 bp. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa gen pembawa resistensi insektisida (VGSC) telah terdeteksi pada sampel yang diuji. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan untuk pengendalian vektor DBD di Kabupaten Banyuwangi dengan menggunakan alternatif insektisida selain dari golongan organofosfat.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Düşünce Hataları ve Duyguları İfade Etmelerinin Mükemmeliyetçilik Tutumlarını Yordaması
Authors: ÇARKIT Ersoy , YALÇIN Süleyman Barbaros
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin duyguları ifade etme ve bilişsel hataları ile mükemmeliyetçilikleri arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmanın verileri “Frost Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği”, “Duyguları İfade Ölçeği” ve ’‘Bilişsel Hatalar Ölçeği’ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre olumlu duygu ifadesi, aile beklentileri ve yaptığından emin olamama ile pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki içindeyken düzen boyutuyla ters yönlü anlamlı ilişki içerisindedir. Aynı zamanda yakınlık ifadesi, ailesel eleştiri ile negatif yönde anlamlı yönde ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Felaketleştirme, genelleme, kişiselleştirme ve seçici soyutlama ile mükemmeliyetçiliğin hata yapma endişesi, ailesel eleştiri ve yaptığından emin olamama boyutları pozitif yönde anlamlı yönde ilişkidir. Felaketleştirme, genelleme ve kişiselleştirme ile mükemmeliyetçiliğin aile beklentileri boyutunun pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki yönde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Felaketleştirme ve kişiselleştirme ile kişisel standartlar alt boyutu pozitif yönde manidar ilişki içerisindedir.
The Views of Health Workforce Managers on the Implementation of Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) Method in Primary Healthcare Settings in South Africa
Authors: Ravhengani Ntshengedzeni M. , Mtshali Ntombifikile G.
Published: March 2018

Background: Several African countries, including South Africa, are using the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) method, as the preferred health workforce planning and management approach. Ineffective implementation of this method can however mean that health outcomes are not improved.Objectives: This study explored the views of health workforce managers regarding potential barriers and enablers to implementation of the WISN method in South African primary healthcare (PHC) settings.Method: This study adopted a qualitative approach and Grounded Theory research design. Following ethics clearance, a total of fourteen participants, PHC nurse managers and WISN coordinators were purposefully selected to participate in the study. Data were collected through focus group interviews and document analysis. Open, axial and selective coding was conducted to analyse data, including the use of Nvivo data analysis software to assist with the analysis.Findings: Participants in this study highlighted a number of conditions necessary for the successful implementation of the WISN method. These included political will and leadership, provision of necessary support to enable implementation process, collaborative and consultative approach by stakeholders, clear, efficient and consistent communication, resources availability, continued support in implementing WISN and stability in leadership and staff in PHC settings.Conclusions: The study concludes that successful WISN implementation requires addressing implementation barriers, such as unavailability of financial and human resources, and enhancing enablers, such as normative guides implementation guideline, technical capacity and availability of continuous support to implementers. This study’s results can be used to enhance WISN implementation and health systems strengthening.
Incorporating Sustainability into Engineering Education Using e-Learning
Authors: Sanganyado Edmond
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop e-learning activities that integrated sustainability concepts and practices in process engineering education. Two blended courses were developed with two activities evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively to measure student engagement, quality of responses, and incorporation of sustainability in their arguments. Social network analysis and lexical analysis were used to assess students’ participation in discussions and peer reviews. In the online discussion, 97 comments were made averaging 120 words per comment. The participants averaged 3.88 comments, with the majority of comments exhibiting simple and complex argumentation, a deep reflection, and widespread use of terms associated with sustainability such as recycling, pollution, waste, and environment. Furthermore, evaluation of peer reviews revealed that the participants demonstrated they could identify errors and positives in an argument. Therefore, this study demonstrated that e-learning, particularly peer review and online discussion could help chemistry and engineering students understand sustainability.
A Review on Battery Charging and Discharging Control Strategies: Application to Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Banguero Edison , Correcher Antonio , Navarro Ángel , Morant Francisco , Aristizabal Andrés
Published: March 2018

Energy storage has become a fundamental component in renewable energy systems, especially those including batteries. However, during the charging and the discharging process, there are some parameters that are not controlled by the user. That uncontrolled working leads to aging of the batteries and a reduction of their life cycle. Therefore, it causes an early replacement. Different control methods have been developed with the goal of protecting the battery and extending its life expectancy, being the most used the constant current-constant voltage. However, several studies show that charging time can be reduced by using Fuzzy Logic Control or Model Predictive Control. Other benefits are; temperature control and an extension of life expectancy. For all these reasons, FLC and MPC have proven to be more efficient than traditional charge control methods.
Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Prediction of Genotypic Values in Common Beans Using Mixed Models
Authors: Delfini Jessica , Moda Cirino Vania , de Fátima Ruas Claudete , Mauricio Ruas Paulo , dos Santos Neto José , Simões Azeredo Gonçalves Leandro
Published: March 2018

In the international scenario of agriculture, Brazil stands out as the main producer and consumer of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) The increase in the productive potential of the crop is mainly due to breeding programs. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters, predict genotypic values with REML/BLUP (Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) and, based on these values, study the variability in common bean cultivars with carioca and black grain. Twenty three agromorphological descriptors were evaluated, among them grain yield. Deviance analysis detected significant differences between the cultivars in both groups. Selective accuracy (Ac) was considered high for most of the traits. Broad-sense heritability (hg2 ) ranged from 0.05 to 0.72, but it was low for the trait yield (YLD). In the carioca grain group, the hg2 values for the traits related to plant morphology were higher than in the black group. Nevertheless, the hg2 values in the black group were higher in relation to the pod and seed traits. The correlations for YLD were moderate but different in the two commercial groups studied. In the black group, variables related to the seed morphology were correlated with grain yield, and in the carioca group, traits related to seed quantity. Based on the groupings, variability among the cultivars was observed. Three distinct clusters were formed for the carioca group and four for the black group. Based on the predicted genetic values, genetic variability and the most adapted and stable cultivars were detected among the cultivars in the studied environments.
Transducer Placement Option of Lamb Wave SHM System for Hotspot Damage Monitoring
Authors: Ewald Vincentius , Groves Roger M , Benedictus Rinze
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we investigated transducer placement strategies for detecting crack in primary aircraft structures using ultrasonic Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The approach developed is for an expected damage location based on fracture mechanics, for example fatigue crack growth in a high stress location. To assess the performance of the developed approach, finite-element (FE) modelling of a damage tolerant aluminum fuselage has been performed by introducing an artificial crack at a rivet hole into the structural FE model and assessing its influence on the Lamb wave propagation, compared to a baseline measurement simulation. The efficient practical sensor position was determined from the largest change in area that is covered by reflected and missing wave scatter using an additive color model. Blob detection algorithms were employed in order to determine the boundaries of this area and to calculate the blob centroid. To demonstrate that the technique can be generalized, the results from different crack lengths and from tilted crack are also presented.
ReSOLV: Applying Cryptocurrency Blockchain Methods to Enable Global Cross-platform Software License Validation
Authors: Litchfield Alan , Herbert Jeff
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a method for a decentralised peer-to-peer software license validation system using cryptocurrency blockchain technology to ameliorate software piracy, and to provide a mechanism for software developers to protect copyrighted works. Protecting software copyright has been an issue since the late 1970's and software license validation has been a primary method employed in an attempt to minimise software piracy and protect software copyright. The method described creates an ecosystem in which the rights and privileges of participants are observed.
MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PAIKEM TERHADAP NILAI UJIAN AKHIR SEKOLAH
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Suprayekti Suprayekti
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study is to obtain information on the relationship between PAIKEM intsructional strategy and the school final examination of international standard (UASBN) in SD Islam Al-Azhar 20 Jakarta. This descriptive research conducted from April through July 2011 employed survey method and used anquette, interview, observation, and data documentation techniques. The research samples included 35 students of the sixth grade to join UASBN and the teachers of Indonesian language, math, and natural science. The findings show (a) the PAIKEM instruction strategy is implemented effectively, (b) the studentsâ€™ scores in UASBN are categorized very good, and (c) there is a ppositive relationship between the instructional strategy and the scores in UASBN.
PELAKSANAAN E-LEARNING UNTUK MATA KULIAH DASAR KEPENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rugaiyah Rugaiyah
Published: March 2018

This study aims to obtain information on the implementation of e-learning in Education Basic Courses (MKDK) at State University of Jakarta. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Education from May through November 2012. The population of the study covered lecturers and students of MKDK and the samples were selected by proportional purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using questionnaire and supported by interview guide. The results show that majority of the lecturers implement e-learning by using laptops and LCD, majority of the faculty do not use CD and OHP as teaching aids, hotspot network availability and the access very poor in almost all buildings, e-learning greatly assists students to understand the course material, almost all of the students have laptops and modems to support the lecture, most of the students use mobile phones to access the course material, and e-learning can facilitate students to access material unhindered by time and place, more efficiently, easily, quickly and effectively. The students need e-learning using blog / skype / youtube supported by professional lecturers, learning should be easily accessible and not boring.
Visualization of Fluid Flow Through Cracks and Microannuli in Cement Sheaths
Authors: Skorpa Ragnhild , Vrålstad Torbjørn
Published: March 2018

Cement-sheath integrity is important for maintaining zonal isolation in the well. The annular-cement sheath is considered to be one of the most-important well-barrier elements, both during production and after well abandonment. It is well-known, however, that cement sheaths degrade over time (e.g., from repeated temperature and pressure variations during production), but the link between leak rate and the cause of cement-sheath degradation has not yet been established.

In this paper, we have studied fluid flow through degraded cement sheaths. The degree of degradation of the cement sheaths varied from systematically connected cracks to real microannuli. The leak paths, created by thermal-cycling experiments, were imported into a computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) simulation software. The pressure drop over the cement sheath was used as a boundary condition, and the resulting pressure-driven flow was studied using methane gas as the model fluid. The Forchheimer equation was used to estimate the effective permeability of the cement sheaths with defects.

Our results show that the pressure-driven flow is complex and greatly affected by the geometry of the flow paths. A nonlinear pressure-buildup curve was observed for all experimental cases, indicating that Darcy's law was not validated. For homogeneous microannuli, the pressure-buildup curve was linear. The estimated effective permeability for all cases was observed to be orders of magnitude larger than that of a good cement sheath.
Present Research Situations And Future Prospects On Biomimetic Robot Fish
Authors: Liu Hongli , Tang Yufeng , Zhu Qixin , Xie Guangming
Published: March 2018

abstract

As mankind steps into the 21st century, the exploration of the ocean also enters a new phase. In the recent decades, the research on biomimetic robot fish has attracted scientific communities’ attention increasingly. With its character of high flexibility and intelligence, biomimetic robot fish have become one of the research focuses in the field of underwater robots in recent years. This paper mainly describes the classification of propulsion modes and the corresponding characteristics, the international research situation, the open problems and future research issues for biomimetic robot fish.
Sensor Performance Of Cantilevered Magnetostrictive Beam
Authors: Qinghua Cao , Dingfang Chen , Quanguo Lu , gang Tang , Jianwu Yan , Zhifang Zhu , Bin Xu , Ran Zhao , Xiaoxing Zhang
Published: March 2018

abstract

A nonlinear couple modeling of magnetostrictive cantilever is built by combining Gibb’s free energy formulation with the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The Gibb’s free energy corresponding to different orientations in 3D space can be expressed in terms of their direction cosines, the stress at a given point can be described by classical theory. The magnetomechanical bending experimental setup is designed. The results demonstrated magnetostrictive sensing can be performed in bending even when both tensile and compressive stresses are developed; meanwhile the sensing is primarily due to the dominating effect of compression over tension.
Development Of Smart Detachable Wireless Sensing System For Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Bhattacharjee D. , Bera R.
Published: March 2018

abstract

We present the work on development of Smart Detachable Wireless Sensing System for environment monitoring (SDWSS) complying with the IEEE 1451 standard. Barometric and alcohol two different detachable smart sensor have been developed by incorporating generic transducer, customized peripheral interface controller (PIC) 18LF2550 microcontroller and with other peripherals. Detachable smart transducer interface module (DSTIM) implemented using centralized PIC 18F4550 microcontroller based embedded platform, and wireless communication is achieved by 2.4 GHZ XBEE, and CC2500 based wireless module. Various intelligent power management protocols have been implemented on the detachable sensors. This is a flexible cost effective smart system ideal for distributed environment monitoring application.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Path Planning Based On Tlbo Algorithm
Authors: Yu Guolin , Song Hui , Gao Jie
Published: March 2018

abstract

Path planning of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an optimal problem in the complex combat field environment. Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm is presented under the inspiration of the teaching-learning behavior in a classroom. In this paper, this algorithm is applied to design a path by the search angle and distance, by which a better path at higher convergence speed and shorter route can be found. Finally experimental comparison results show that TLBO algorithm is a feasible and effective method for UAV path planning.
Frequency Processing And Temperature-Pressure Compensation Of The Vortex Flowmeter Based On Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Haining Zhang , Yonghui Ren
Published: March 2018

abstract

Aiming at a new type and multi-functional intelligent vortex flowmeter integrating system, which implicates whether it is liquid, gas, steam or the mixture of oil and gas, or in special conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, the medium can be measured intelligently. Especially for mixed media by TPF (Two-phase Flow), such as oil and gas, water vapor, firstly separates the mixed fluid through the gas-liquid separation device, and then rolls up the vortex signal, temperature and pressure of separated fluid into one, and finally a stable and accurate result is obtained by inputting the mixed signal through the integrating system. Thus, the applicability and reliability of the flowmeter can be greatly enhanced, which ensures the authenticity and stability of the measurement data about the fluid.
Pre-Processing Of Automatic Skin Cancer Detection System: Comparative Study
Authors: Hoshyar Azadeh N. , Jumaily Adel .A. , Hoshyar Afsaneh N.
Published: March 2018

abstract

Skin cancer is increasing and effect many people in different part of the world. Malignant melanoma as the deadliest type of skin cancer can be treated successfully if it detected early. Automatic detection is one of the most challenging research areas that can be used for early detection of such vital cancer. Over the last few years, many automatic diagnosis systems been suggested by different researchers targeting increasing of the diagnosis accuracy. This paper presents a quick review on the design of whole system and focus in preprocessing step of the automatic system. Preprocessing as the basis of automation system plays a vital role for accurate detection. This paper implements three techniques of contrast enhancement in the framework of three methodologies to find out the most effective one for further processing. The quality of resulted images in each methodology has been found based on testing the skin cancer images database using three image quality measurements.
Empirical Mode Decomposition And Rough Set Attribute Reduction For Ultrasonic Flaw Signal Classification
Authors: Wang Yu
Published: March 2018

abstract

Feature extraction and selection are the most important techniques for ultrasonic flaw signal classification. In this study, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is first used to obtain the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of original ultrasonic signals. Such IMFs and traditional time as well as frequency domain based statistical parameters are extracted as the initial features of flaw signal. After that, spectral clustering method is used for feature value discretization so that rough set attribute reduction (RSAR) can be applied to implement feature selection. Finally, the selected features are taken as input of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to train the decision classifier for flaw identification. Experimental results show that compared to conventional wavelet transform based schemes and principal components analysis, EMD combined with RSAR can improve the performance of feature extraction and selection. Using such hybrid scheme can effectively classify different ultrasonic flaw signals with high accuracy and low training elapsed time.
A Scene Recognition Algorithm Based On Multi-Instance Learning
Authors: Wang Tao , Chen Wenqing , Wang Bailing
Published: March 2018

In Bag of Words image presentation model, visual words are generated by unsupervised clustering, which leaves out the spatial relations between words and results in such shorting comings as limited semantic description and weak discrimination. To solve this problem, we propose to substitute visual words by visual phrases in this article. Visual phrases built according to spatial relations between words are semantic distrainable, and they can improve the accuracy of Bag of Words model. Considering the traditional classification method based on Bag of Words model is vulnerable to the background, block and scalar variance of an image, we propose in this article a multiple visual words learning method for image classification, which is based on the concept of visual phrases combined with Multiple Instance Learning. The final classification model is able to show the spatial features of image classes. Experiments performed on standard image testing sets, Caltech 101 and Scene 15, show the satisfying performance of this algorithm.
Research and Restoration Technology of Video Motion Target Detection Based on Kernel Method
Authors: Feng Pan , Xiaojun Wang , Weihong Wang
Published: March 2018

In recent years, due to the video surveillance applications more and more widely, people are not satisfied with the goal of monitoring, and the video monitoring technology of intelligent video moving object detection and tracking technology has received extensive attention. The research work in this paper is in the field, the moving target detection spatiotemporal correlation and difference contour tracking algorithm based on a fixed background. The algorithm in the background under the condition of fixed to pay a smaller time complexity, the target detection and tracking has a good effect, so it has higher application value. In this paper, the prospect of caused motion detection of occlusion background foreground correlation problem, put forward the video moving object detection method based on kernel independent component analysis, canonical correlation to minimize the component in the high dimensional feature space in order to separate the foreground nuclear background. Independent component analysis assumes that the foreground and background independent, avoid the correlation problem. The two objective functions based on Kernel Independent Component Analysis: analysis of kernel independent component analysis based on kernel canonical component (KCCA) and kernel independent component analysis (KGV) based on the generalized variance. KCCA is the application of canonical correlation analysis in the kernel method, discuss is the first canonical correlation separation component of high dimensional map, and KGV are typical correlation between the components in the high dimensional space of the whole spectrum. Both KCCA and KGV improved the accuracy of motion detection.