bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agorafobia en la infancia: A propósito de un caso.
Authors: Fiestas-Teque Luis , Núñez del Prado Pamela , Vivar Roxana
Published: March 2016

Se presenta un caso de agorafobia en un niño de 10 años de edad, que presenta temor y evitación a las aglomeraciones,a los lugares públicos como mercados, hospitales y escuelas, así como temor a viajar solo en autobús y ausentarsesolo de casa, de inicio en la edad preescolar y con deterioro de su vida social y académica. (Rev Neuropsiquiatr2011;74:213-218).
Acoso escolar.
Authors: Castro-Morales Jorge
Published: March 2016

Bullying as a particular form of social violence is studied, taking into account a psycho-pedagogic point of view, but including its psychopathological correlates as well. After an explorative approach to the issues involved is established, some epidemiological figures from the current Peruvian research on the subject are summarized. Not having a single explanatory cause for these phenomena, various levels of contextualized conflicts are explored, including a typology of aggressors and victims, family functionality, school atmosphere and the way the media and internet facilitate such a thing as the so called cyberbullying. Counseling for children and adolescents, parents and teachers is provided as means either to prevention or conflict resolution, considering the myriad of problems derived from this kind of violence in Perú.
Psicosis persistente luego de cirugía y radioterapia por tumor cerebral: reporte de un caso.
Authors: Stucchi-Portocarrero Santiago
Published: March 2016

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 31 años que fue diagnosticada de astrocitoma frontal hace 10 años. Luego dela resección quirúrgica del tumor y del inicio de la radioterapia, la paciente comenzó a presentar síntomas psicóticos,para los cuales ha sido necesario utilizar diferentes medicamentos antipsicóticos en forma sucesiva y por tiempoprolongado, debido a la escasa respuesta inicial y a la recurrencia de los síntomas.
Factores asociados con la conducta suicida en adolescentes
Authors: Vargas Horacio B. , Saavedra Javier E.
Published: March 2016

La conducta suicida podría considerarse una continuidad que va desde aspectos cognitivos como la ideación suicida, hasta los conductuales, como el intento suicida o el suicidio. El suicidio en la adolescencia se ha convertido en un importante problema de salud pública. Según las estimaciones de la OMS, uno de los hallazgos más preocupantes a nivel mundial es el aumento de las tasas de suicidio que se está produciendo entre los jóvenes (15-24 años), que se sitúa como una de las tres causas de muerte más frecuentes en este grupo de edad. Un gran número de factores que podrían contribuir con la ocurrencia de la conducta suicida han sido identificados, los cuales incluyen factores individuales, familiares y sociales. El modelo diátesis-estrés ha sido propuesto para dar un sentido causal del amplio rango de factores que contribuyen con la conducta suicida. La diátesis refleja un incremento de la vulnerabilidad a lo largo del tiempo para la conducta suicida, por ejemplo, ser más impulsivo o agresivo y por lo tanto más posibilidades de actuar sobre sentimientos suicidas. El estrés puede incluir factores, tales como, un divorcio parental y otros eventos de vida adversos y factores ambientales. Se pueden identificar varios factores que contribuyen con la vulnerabilidad (diátesis) para fenómenos suicidas en adolescentes y otros que actuarían como factores estresantes.En adición, hay varios factores que podrían actuar en ambas vías, dependiendo de su asociación temporal con fenómenos suicidas.
Tumor del ángulo pontocerebeloso: a propósito de un caso pediátrico.
Authors: Milla Luis M. , Zapata Elmer H. , Aedo Sandra M. , Vila Judith R. , Espinoza Iván O. , León Carla , Guillén-Pinto Daniel
Published: March 2016

Se reporta el caso de una niña de 6 años de edad que se presentó con tres meses de enfermedad caracterizada porvómitos recurrentes, cefalea frontal progresiva y vértigo intenso al adoptar el decúbito. El examen clínico demostróhemiparesia derecha, paresia del VI y del VII nervio craneal derecho y paresia del VII nervio craneal izquierdo. LaResonancia Magnética evidenció un tumor ocupando el ángulo pontocerebeloso izquierdo originándose en el IVventrículo.
Temperature and Probe‐to‐Probe Variability Effects on the Performance of Capacitance Soil Moisture Sensors in an Oxisol
Authors: Fares Ali , Safeeq Mohammad , Awal Ripendra , Fares Samira , Dogan Ahmet
Published: March 2016

Core Ideas

Temperature variability and hysteresis and probe variability affect sensor measurements.

Probe‐to‐probe variability is significant but random.

Temperature variability is the major source of error in sensor performance.

Magnitude of temperature‐induced error is a function of water content and sensor type.

Dependent calibration functions could improve sensor measurement performance.

Reliable and accurate monitoring of soil water content (θ) across the landscape is indispensable for many water resources applications. Capacitance‐based in situ soil water content measuring devices are extensively used despite their sensitivity to soil properties besides water content, e.g., temperature and organic matter content. The main goals of this study were to: (i) examine the effects of temperature, hysteresis of the temperature response, and probe‐to‐probe variability on the performance of three (5TE, EC‐5, and EC‐TM) single capacitance sensors (SCS) in a Hawaiian Oxisol; and (ii) develop empirical calibration equations to correct for temperature and improve measurement accuracy. The SCS raw output and thermocouple temperature measurements were recorded at 1‐min intervals during heating and cooling cycles between 1 and 45°C. The three SCS and thermocouples were inserted in uniformly packed soils with θ varying from 0 to 0.55 m3 m−3. We used three probes for each SCS, and the entire experiment was replicated with two heating and cooling cycles. Temperature, hysteresis, and the probe‐to‐probe variability effects were highly significant (p < 0.05) for all three SCS. Estimated θ using soil‐specific calibrations at 25°C significantly increased with increasing temperature for all SCS. The 5TE sensor showed increasing temperature sensitivity with increasing water content. However, the EC‐5 and EC‐TM sensors exhibited a bidirectional response to temperature, with the highest sensitivity at ∼0.10 m3 m−3 water content. An empirically derived temperature‐dependent calibration equation substantially reduced the variability (>90% reduction in interquartile range) in measured water content due to changing soil temperature. Applying differing temperature corrections for heating and cooling did not improve the calibration any further.
Experimental Evaluation of Earthworm and Plant Root Soil Penetration–Cavity Expansion Models Using Cone Penetrometer Analogs
Authors: Ruiz Siul , Straub Isabelle , Schymanski Stanislaus J. , Or Dani
Published: March 2016

Core Ideas

Analytic model for penetration–expansion forces closely agrees with measurements.

Measurements used cones with size geometry similar to earthworms and roots.

Soil parameters and constraints for root and earthworm bioturbation are estimated.

To form new burrows, earthworms need to consume 0.3 kg C m−2 yr−1.

Recent mechanical models of soil penetration by earthworms and plant roots based on penetration‐cavity expansion were tested using cone penetration measurements at scales compatible with the sizes of earthworms and plant roots. Measurements using different cone radii (1.0–2.5 mm) and cone semi‐apex angles (15–30°) were obtained for a range of soils and water contents at highly resolved penetration forces and constant insertion rates. The cone penetration measurements were interpreted using independently determined soil mechanical parameters and yielded good agreement with predictions from an analytical mechanical model. Experimental confirmation of penetration force predictions supports estimates of energy costs associated with soil bioturbation that vary with soil hydration status and mechanical characteristics. Effects of soil friction and axial compaction were assessed by comparing the results from conventional and recessed cones (to eliminate soil–shaft friction). The study provides new insights into quantitative soil bioturbation processes and expands predictive capabilities of the mechanics and energetics of earthworm activity and root zone dynamics related to soil structure development.
Pb(II) adsorption by biomass from chemically modified aquatic macrophytes, Salvinia sp. and Pistia stratiotes
Authors: de Moraes Ferreira Rachel , de Souza Michael Douglas Peçanha , Takase Iracema , de Araujo Stapelfeldt Danielle Marques
Published: March 2016

This study used two biosorbents obtained from the aquatic plants Salvinia sp. and Pistia stratiotes to establish a sustainable and alternative treatment for industrial wastewater and other water bodies that contain Pb(II). The biosorbent named Salvinia with NaOH (SOH) was obtained from Salvinia sp., and Salvinia and Pistia mixture with NaOH (SPOH) was obtained from a mixture of the two plants in a 1:1 ratio. The biosorbents were characterized by zeta potential, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy and Boehm titration. The results of Boehm titration and IR analysis indicated the presence of basic functional groups, whereas those of SEM analysis indicated that the biosorbents have a structure conducive to adsorption. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to observe the effects of pH, contact time, initial lead concentration and temperature on the metal removal process. The results revealed that the biosorbents efficiently removed Pb(II) from aqueous solutions, with a maximum observed adsorption capacity (saturation limits, qmax) of 202 mg g−1 and 210.1 mg g−1 for SPOH and SOH, respectively. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich models were applied to the data; these biosorbent studies did not satisfactorily adjust to either of the models, but the information obtained helped us understand the adsorption mechanism.
Utilization of artificial recharged effluent as makeup water for industrial cooling system: corrosion and scaling
Authors: Wei Liangliang , Qin Kena , Zhao Qingliang , Noguera Daniel R. , Xin Ming , Liu Chengcai , Keene Natalie , Wang Kun , Cui Fuyi
Published: March 2016

The secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants was reused for industrial cooling water after pre-treatment with a laboratory-scale soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system. Up to a 95.3% removal efficiency for suspended solids (SS), 51.4% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 32.1% for Cl− and 30.0% SO42− were observed for the recharged secondary effluent after the SAT operation, which is essential for controlling scaling and corrosion during the cooling process. As compared to the secondary effluent, the reuse of the 1.5 m depth SAT effluent decreased the corrosion by 75.0%, in addition to a 55.1% decline of the scales/biofouling formation (with a compacted structure). The experimental results can satisfy the Chinese criterion of Design Criterion of the Industrial Circulating Cooling Water Treatment (GB 50050-95), and was more efficient than tertiary effluent which coagulated with ferric chloride. In addition, chemical structure of the scales/biofouling obtained from the cooling system was analyzed.
Reflections on the Indonesian Massacres in Cold War Historiography and Political Economy
Authors: Henry Adam Hughes
Published: March 2016

In a previous article for Genocide Studies International (8.2), entitled “Polluting the Waters,” an examination of the anti-communist propaganda campaigns and their relationship to the Indonesian massacres was offered. This follow up article presents provocative reflections on the manner in which the massacres have been treated within the anti-communist Cold War canon. The treatment of the massacres is an example of how ideological factors have not only shaped perceptions of this event, it has also falsified and diminished important elements of this history. The result has been to effectively excuse the perpetrators of the Indonesian massacres on ideological grounds leaving the victims to be forgotten.
State Strength, Non-State Actors, and the Guatemalan Genocide: Comparative Lessons
Authors: Shepherd Frederick M.
Published: March 2016

This article focuses on the Guatemalan genocide—which has been labeled “acts of genocide” by the United Nations—in the context of the Guatemalan state’s weakness in mobilizing people and resources for its genocidal project. State planners were able to brutalize the indigenous population, especially during the early 1980s. But at the same time, the state showed extraordinary weakness in basic state functions such as taxing and military mobilization. The article links these failures to a more general state absence of “infrastructural capacity,” and to the strength of powerful non-state forces originating inside and outside of Guatemalan national borders. The article concludes with comparative lessons from other genocides—notably the Holocaust and Rwanda—marked by state strength in the areas of mobilizing people and resources.
Effect of Ligustrum lucidum polysaccharide on immunity of immunosuppressed mice
Authors: Jing Shi Jing , Bo Shi , Mingsan Miao , Qingya Li
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of Ligustrum lucidum polysaccharide on immune functions of hydrocortisone-induced immuno-suppressed mouse model. There were phagocytic function of mouse perito-neal macrophage, condition of formation of hemolysin and hemolytic plague as well as condition of mouse lymphocyte transformation. The results indicate that through comparison between high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose L. lucidum polysaccharide groups, lentinan group and model group, phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophage obviously improved, thus obviously enhancing formation of hemolysin and hemolytic plague, and obviously improving the transformation rate of peripheral blood lymphocyte. Therefore, L. lucidum polysaccharide could markedly improve the immune functions of hydrocortisone-induced immunosuppressed model mouse.
Dictis non armis, Lucrecio y el código épico
Authors: Florio Rubén
Published: March 2016

En este trabajo intentaremos revisar la doble tradición épica de la que el poema de Lucrecio sobre la naturaleza es epígono en el siglo I a. C. Es nuestro objetivo analizar las modificaciones sustanciales que el poeta romano intenta introducir en el género al que adscribe su De Rerum Natura para transmitir el mensaje de Epicuro con una lengua, en un contexto histórico y con una tradición profundamente disímiles de los de Homero y Hesíodo. Creemos que, con los términos aparentemente excluyentes del sintagma dictis non armis, Lucrecio intenta resolver el hiato abierto en el código épico desde las creaciones griegas.
Ἄμφοδα in Hellenistic Times: Urban Planning and Philological Interpretation
Authors: Saba Sara
Published: March 2016

This article aims to provide an overview of the epigraphical data on amphoda in Hellenistic continental Greece and Asia Minor, following J. Bousquet’s presentation in 2004 of a comprehensive philological study of the literary evidence. This preliminary study serves to reassess the administrative role and function of amphoda as attested in the well-known Astynomoi Law from Pergamon. In this text, the meaning of amphodon is still debated. Indeed a few scholars, in the past and still today, interpret local amphoda as streets. Through the analysis of the available comparanda, along with the relevant literary sources, and internal data in the Astynomoi Law, I formulate the hypothesis that, in Pergamon, the term amphodon

describes an urban space, which does not correspond exactly to either our blocks or streets. Rather, I return to the original meaning of the term, which had been translated previously as ‘ group of houses’. This is one possible interpretation. However, I firmly believe that, in Pergamon, amphoda, whatever they were, were not streets.
The Reference to Archaic Roman Tragedy in Persius’ First Satire
Authors: Tzounakas Spyridon
Published: March 2016

The parody of Accius and Pacuvius in Persius’ first satire (1, 76-78) is spoken by the satirist’s interlocutor, who attacks the roughness of the archaic diction in favour of the smoothness that dominates the neoteric poetry of Persius’ day. However, the poet does not defend archaic tragedy. Besides, frequent targets of Persius’ literary criticism, such as the high style, the search for divine and artificial inspiration, the motif of the deplorable heroine, the adherence to mythological themes and the slavish mimesis of Greek models, do exist even in archaic tragedy. Consequently, despite its stylistic differences, the particular genre shares remarkable similarities with the neo-Callimachean poetry of the Neronian period. Persius formulates the question of his aduersarius in such a way that these similarities are revealed implicitly and thus the satirist’s condemnation of the poetic model of Accius and Pacuvius appears in harmony with the rest of his literary programme.
Le parcours intellectuel de Socrate
Authors: Donnay Guy
Published: March 2016

According to Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates was very fond of physics in his young days, but later on, disappointed, he “ turned towards words” and eventually became converted to pythagorizing beliefs. This is confirmed by Xenophon, and, in some way, by Aristophanes. What Socrates is teaching in the Clouds is indeed very close to the physical, rhetorical and musical theories of his masters Archelaos, Prodicos and Damon, and can therefore be considered as reflecting what he actually taught in 423 BC. But he is also shown as the “ guru” of a pythagorizing cenacle, which seems to indicate that he was still involved in physics at that time, while already professing a kind of pythagoreanism. This intellectual progress went hand in hand with a political one towards the ultraconservatism of his pupils Critias and Charmides, for which he was condemned in 399.
Claudian: The Last Great Pagan Poet
Authors: Christiansen Peter G. , Christiansen David
Published: March 2016

This paper argues that, contrary to current consensus, Claudain’s contemporaries portray him as a poet rooted in Latin tradition. Both Augustine and Orosius invoke him as a hostile pagan witness testifying to God’s support in battle for the Christian Emperor Theodosius. Latin chroniclers identify him as a distinguished poet who gained fame in 395, when he celebrated the reconciliation of Theodosiuis and the goddess Roma. Claudian was subsequently honored with a statue as a Roman Senator and immortal poet who deserved recognition for his political judgment. His career can now be divided into an earlier phase, as a pagan poet, and a later phase, as a publicist for Theodosius’ successors in the West.
Pour en finir avec le christianisme d’Achille Tatius et d’Héliodore d’Émèse : La lecture des Passions de Galaction et d’Épistèmè
Authors: Robiano Patrick
Published: March 2016

Les Passions de Galaction et d’Épistèmè contiennent des allusions claires aux romans d’Achille Tatius et d’Héliodore d’Émèse, Leucippé et Clitophon et Les Éthiopiques ; elles donnent ainsi une légitimation chrétienne à des oeuvres admirées dont les auteurs, en dépit de ce qu’affirment les sources antiques chrétiennes, sont bien païens. En unissant les deux romans à travers la généalogie de Leucippé, la mère convertie du futur saint (elle est la fille d’un Memnon d’Émèse), et en affirmant une parenté avec ces romans dans un rapport d’intertextualité, les Passions d’une part révèlent le lien problématique entre littérature chrétienne et littérature païenne, d’autre part invitent à placer, dans l’histoire du roman, Héliodore avant Achille, dans la seconde moitié du IIe siècle. Une telle hypothèse – Héliodore précédant Achille Tatius – apporte une confirmation à des remarques de Photius et de Michel Psellos, et rend possible l’identification d’Héliodore d’Émèse avec Héliodore l’Arabe.
Analysis of activity and emotions: a case study based investigation of an evolving method
Authors: Ribert-Van De Weerdt Corinne , Baratta René
Published: March 2016

L’analyse de l’activité, qui constitue l’un des fondements de l’ergonomie, poursuit son évolution vers la recherche continuelle d’une meilleure adaptation des méthodes aux situations de travail, présentes et futures. En effet, les conditions de travail évoluant à grand pas, les méthodes d’analyse de l’activité sont souvent revues et ajustées pour pouvoir répondre au mieux à cette réalité évolutive, prenant des formes variées. C’est ainsi que parallèlement à l’activité, les émotions au travail font de plus en plus souvent l’objet d’analyses. A l’heure où les risques psychosociaux sont préoccupants, la prise en compte de cette dimension émotionnelle est d’autant plus d’actualité. Cet article expose une recherche-intervention menée dans une entreprise du secteur du soin à domicile. Basée sur une approche psycho-ergonomique, la démarche a fait appel à une méthode d’analyse de l’activité et des émotions, avec l’utilisation d’auto-confrontation collective. A travers cette étude de cas, nous détaillons la méthode utilisée et les résultats qu’elle a produits, ainsi qu’une réflexion méthodologique autour de la question de l’adaptation des méthodes d’analyse et d’intervention. Nous montrons que dans une perspective d’amélioration des situations de travail, et plus précisément, de prévention des risques psychosociaux, les méthodes d’analyse de l’activité et des émotions, avec l’application d’auto-confrontations collectives, ont une place à part entière. Nous montrons en quoi la méthode a cherché à saisir les évolutions du monde du travail en s’adaptant, tout en respectant les fondements même des méthodes d’analyse de l’activité. Un regard particulier est porté sur cette progression méthodologique vis-à-vis de la prévention des risques psychosociaux.
Control of the Physical and Antimicrobial Skin Barrier by an IL-31–IL-1 Signaling Network
Authors: Hänel Kai H. , Pfaff Carolina M. , Cornelissen Christian , Amann Philipp M. , Marquardt Yvonne , Czaja Katharina , Kim Arianna , Lüscher Bernhard , Baron Jens M.
Published: March 2016

Atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease with increasing prevalence, is closely associated with skin barrier defects. A cytokine related to disease severity and inhibition of keratinocyte differentiation is IL-31. To identify its molecular targets, IL-31–dependent gene expression was determined in three-dimensional organotypic skin models. IL-31–regulated genes are involved in the formation of an intact physical skin barrier. Many of these genes were poorly induced during differentiation as a consequence of IL-31 treatment, resulting in increased penetrability to allergens and irritants. Furthermore, studies employing cell-sorted skin equivalents in SCID/NOD mice demonstrated enhanced transepidermal water loss following s.c. administration of IL-31. We identified the IL-1 cytokine network as a downstream effector of IL-31 signaling. Anakinra, an IL-1R antagonist, blocked the IL-31 effects on skin differentiation. In addition to the effects on the physical barrier, IL-31 stimulated the expression of antimicrobial peptides, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth on the three-dimensional organotypic skin models. This was evident already at low doses of IL-31, insufficient to interfere with the physical barrier. Together, these findings demonstrate that IL-31 affects keratinocyte differentiation in multiple ways and that the IL-1 cytokine network is a major downstream effector of IL-31 signaling in deregulating the physical skin barrier. Moreover, by interfering with IL-31, a currently evaluated drug target, we will have to consider that low doses of IL-31 promote the antimicrobial barrier, and thus a complete inhibition of IL-31 signaling may be undesirable.
Structuration Analysis of the Transition of St. Paul University Tuguegarao, Philippines from College to University
Authors: Evardone Salvador
Published: March 2016

The school established by the Congregation of the Sisters St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) in Tuguegarao had grown from its school opening in 1907 up to its expansion to college in 1949. It gave the town a Catholic education imbued with Paulinian charism. Their missions and objectives responded effectively to the needs of the time. The purpose of this study is to write the history of the transition of St. Paul school in Tuguegarao from college to university. It will attempt to recount the significant transformation of this academic institution by utilizing the Structuration Theory of Anthony Giddens as its theoretical framework. It also employed the method of oral history through interviews supplemented and corroborated by the data retrieved in the archives. The time-space element in this study is the transition of St. Paul University Tuguegarao from 1949 to 1982. From the onset, St. Paul College Tuguegarao (SPCT) had established constant communication among the administrators, faculty, staff, and students for stability, alignment to vision-mission and relevance to society. Since its attainment of college status in 1949, more courses were offered, and facilities were added. Such endeavors necessitated numerous meetings, deliberations, and assessments that led the school to a transition from college to university in 1982.
Effect of Different Levels of Paclobutrazol on the Yield of Asha and Farmers' Variety of Peanut
Authors: Gatan Mary Grace , Gonzales Virgilio
Published: March 2016

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)  is commonly grown during the dry season and most farmers used the native variety. Growth retardants such as paclobutrazol (PBZ) was found to increase yield of some important crops. A study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of paclobutrazol on the peanut yield of Asha and Farmers' variety during the wet season. The experimental area was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) factorial. Treatments were replicated thrice. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test was used to compare treatment means. The increasing level of PBZ increased the number of pods of Asha by 29.97% while the most number of seeds was obtained from farmers' variety. Applied PBZ Asha at 150mg/L recorded the highest shelling percentage that is 16.19% higher when compared to the untreated. Paclobutrazol application significantly increased seed yield of Asha and farmers' variety by 43.34% and 20.86% at 150mg/L and 75mg/L, respectively. The increase in yield was due to the observed reduction in plant height and stem growth which possibly enhanced assimilate partitioning to pods. Asha applied with PBZ at 150mg/L obtained the highest seed yield of 4.2 tons/ha.
Knowledge, Skills and Work Attitude as Correlates to Job Performance in Exploratory Adtech Program of Grade 8 Students
Authors: Bisenio Richard , Bajet Nelson
Published: March 2016

The enhanced K-12 Basic Education Program seeks to provide a quality 12-year basic education program that each Filipino is entitled and in consistent with Article XIV, Section 2 (I) of the Philippine Constitution which states that the state shall establish, maintain, and support a complete adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society.The study aimed to determine the level of performance of the Grade 8 Adtech students of the Philippine Science High School Ilocos Region Campus, San Ildefonso, Ilocos Sur in S.Y. 2013-2014. The study made use of descriptive correlational research design. Results showed that the overall grade exhibited a "very good" level of performance in the curricular subjects. Knowledge test of the student obtained an "Excellent" grade, and students' work attitude is highly important. The student performance along knowledge (0.284), skills (0.301); attitude (0.272) in the Exploratory AdTech Program resulted that no significant relationship. The correlation coefficients between the level of performance of the students in Exploratory AdTech Program and the students' performance along attitudes, manifested a significant relationship. Matching of competency requirements and standards of the 12-year basic education are necessary to acquire skills and match the College Readiness Standards for further education and future employment of students.
Teacher Education Graduates' Performance as Predictor of Licensure Examination for Teachers Results
Authors: Esmeralda Aileen , Perez-Espinosa Janet
Published: March 2016

High percentage of passers in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) indicates the competence of the Teacher Education Program (TEP) graduates of State Colleges and Universities. Licensure tests are usually one of the several criteria necessary to qualify an entry into the teaching profession. This government examination is designed to identify professionals who have the desired level of competency to teach basic education. The study determined the extent of implementation of the TEP of Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) in relation to the academic achievement and performance of graduates in the LET. The descriptive correlational method specifically documentary analysis, with the mean, Pearson Product Moment (PPM) and ANOVA were used in this study. Findings revealed that the Teacher Education Program of CHMSC was well implemented. This concludes that the Bachelor in Elementary Education (BEED) group showed greater confidence in academics, indicating the need to enhance the level of academic preparation of the BSED group underscoring general education and major subjects during pre-service years. It further revealed that a significant relationship existed between the LET performance and the academic achievement of the BEED graduates. This means that the teacher graduates' academic performance is a significant predictor in the LET.
Enantioselective Reductive
Syn
‐Aldol Reactions of 4‐Acryloylmorpholine: Preparation of (2
R
, 3
S
)‐3‐Hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐morpholino‐5‐phenylpentan‐1‐one
Authors: Abbott Jason R. , Allais Christophe , Roush* William R.
Published: March 2016

The article discusses the preparation of (2
R
, 3
S
)‐3‐Hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐morpholino‐5‐phenylpentan‐1‐one. Enantioselective reductive aldol reactions that have been developed to date use chiral transition metal catalysts, turnover numbers are modest (typically <50) and the reagents (both the metal catalysts as well as the chiral ligands) used in these experiments are expensive or require multi‐step syntheses if not commercially available.
Preparation of 3,5‐Dibromo‐2‐Pyrone From Coumalic Acid
Authors: Cho Hyun‐Kyu , Cho* Cheon‐Gyu
Published: March 2016

The article discusses the synthesis of 3,5‐dibromo‐2‐pyrone was first reported by Pirkle and coworkers in 1969. It was prepared from 2‐pyrone by following either a three‐step sequence that involved two successive brominations and HBr elimination or a fourstep sequence that involved a bromination, HBr elimination, and photochemical bromination, followed by another HBr elimination. This complex and even cumbersome process would the best alternative yet as there is no other method available in the literature. In this reaction, coumalic acid underwent an electrophilic aromatic bromination at C3 and bromo‐decarboxylation at C5. 3,5‐Dibromo‐2‐pyrone is a potent neutral diene that can react with both electron‐poor and ‐rich dienophiles via either normal‐ or inverse‐demand Diels‐Alder cycloaddition reactions in good to excellent chemical yield and diastereoselectivity.
(
S
)‐1,1‐Diphenylprolinol Trimethylsilyl Ether
Authors: Boeckman, Jr.* Robert K. , Tusch Douglas J. , Biegasiewicz Kyle F.
Published: March 2016

(
S
)‐1,1‐Diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether is readily prepared by the silylation of (
S
)‐1,1 diphenylprolinol. Commercial sources of diphenylprolinol can be expensive, and current methods for the synthesis of diphenylprolinol and its derivatives are low yielding, practically challenging on scale, or include hazardous reagents such as phosgene. The method reported provides access to diphenylprolinol in two steps from the Boc‐protected methyl ester of proline, and the trimethylsilylether of diphenylprolinol via a single transformation from diphenyl prolinol.
4‐Methyl‐1‐(2‐(Phenylsulfonyl)Ethyl)‐2,6,7‐Trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]Octane
Authors: Di Maso Michael J. , St. Peter Michael A. , Shaw* Jared T.
Published: March 2016

This article reports the synthesis of 4‐methyl‐1‐(2‐(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl)‐2,6,7‐trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. Ghosez reagent functions as a useful d
3
‐synthon or homoenolate equivalent as well as a masked electrophilic carbonyl in the acid oxidation state. The reagent has found special use with enantiomerically pure epoxides and aziridines to form enantiomerically pure lactones and lactams, respectively. This reagent is useful in many natural product syntheses.
An experimental approach to submarine canyon evolution
Authors: Lai Steven Y. J. , Gerber Thomas P. , Amblas David
Published: March 2016

We present results from a sandbox experiment designed to investigate how sediment gravity flows form and shape submarine canyons. In the experiment, unconfined saline gravity flows were released onto an inclined sand bed bounded on the downstream end by a movable floor that was used to increase relief during the experiment. In areas unaffected by the flows, we observed featureless, angle‐of‐repose submarine slopes formed by retrogressive breaching processes. In contrast, areas influenced by gravity flows cascading across the shelf break were deeply incised by submarine canyons with well‐developed channel networks. Normalized canyon long profiles extracted from successive high‐resolution digital elevation models collapse to a single profile when referenced to the migrating shelf‐slope break, indicating self‐similar growth in the relief defined by the canyon and intercanyon profiles. Although our experimental approach is simple, the resulting canyon morphology and behavior appear similar in several important respects to that observed in the field.
Geochemistry of the lunar highlands as revealed by measurements of thermal neutrons
Authors: Peplowski Patrick N. , Beck Andrew W. , Lawrence David J.
Published: March 2016

Thermal neutron emissions from the lunar surface provide a direct measure of bulk elemental composition that can be used to constrain the chemical properties of near‐surface (depth <1 m) lunar materials. We present a new calibration of the Lunar Prospector thermal neutron map, providing a direct link between measured count rates and bulk elemental composition. The data are used to examine the chemical and mineralogical composition of the lunar surface, with an emphasis on constraining the plagioclase concentration across the highlands. We observe that the regions of lowest neutron absorption, which correspond to estimated plagioclase concentrations of >85%, are generally associated with large impact basins and are colocated with clusters of nearly pure plagioclase identified with spectral reflectance data.
Robust online algorithm for adaptive linear regression parameter estimation and prediction
Authors: Sharma Shekhar , Khare Swanand , Huang Biao
Published: March 2016

In this article, we focus on adaptive linear regression methods and propose a new technique. The article begins with a review of the online passive aggressive algorithm (OPAA), an adaptive linear regression algorithm from the machine learning literature. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of OPAA and compare it with other popular adaptive regression techniques such as moving window and recursive least squares, recursive partial least squares, and just‐in‐time or locally weighted regression. Modifications to OPAA are proposed to make it more robust and better suited for industrial soft‐sensor applications. The new algorithm is called smoothed passive aggressive algorithm (SPAA), and like OPAA, it follows a cautious parameter update strategy but is more robust. The trade‐off between SPAA's computation complexity and accuracy can be easily controlled by manipulating just two tuning parameters. We also demonstrate that the SPAA framework is quite flexible and a number of variants are easily formulated. Application of SPAA to estimate the time‐varying parameters of a numerically simulated autoregressive with exogenous terms (ARX) model and to predict the Reid vapor pressure of the bottoms flow from an industrial column demonstrates its superior performance over OPAA and comparable performance with the other popular algorithms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: KALORIMETRISCHE UNTERSUCHUNGEN IN DEN SYST. HALOGENID‐CHLORWASSERSTOFF
Authors: BENOIT R. L. , RINFRET M. , DOMAIN R.
Published: March 2016

Freie Energien und Enthalpien der Reaktionen A in Sulfolan, einem sehr schwach basischen dipolaren aprotischen Lösungsmittel, wurden bei 30°C kalorimetrisch bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: UNTERSUCHUNG VON IONENTRANSPORTZAHLEN IN KRYOLITH‐ALUMINIUMOXID‐MISCHUNGEN NACH DEM PRINZIP DER HITTORFSCHEN METHODE 1. MITT. METHODE
Authors: TUAL A. , ROLIN M.
Published: March 2016

Es wird eine Bornitridzelle beschrieben, welche die direkte Anwendung der Hittorfschen Methode zur Bestimmung von ionischen Überführungszahlen in geschmolzenen Kryolith‐Tonerde‐Mischungen ermöglicht.
ChemInform Abstract: NIEDRIGERE OXIDATIONSZUSTAENDE VON TELLUR 3. MITT. DITELLUR(2+) IN CHLOROALUMINAT‐SCHMELZEN
Authors: BJERRUM NIELS J.
Published: March 2016

Solvatisiertes T6? bildet sich als zweite Form nach Te" durch Reduktion von TeCl4 mit Te in KAlCl4‐Schmelzen, die mit KCl‐ZnC12 gepuffert sind.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. DES AQUOPENTAMMINRUTHENIUM(II)‐KATIONS MIT STICKSTOFFWASSERSTOFFSAEURE
Authors: SHERIDAN PETER S. , BASOLO FRED
Published: March 2016

Bei der Reaktion von HN3 mit [Ru(NH3)5H2O]2 wird N2 entwickelt, und es entstehen die Ru(III)‐Komplexkationen [Ru(NH3)6]3+ und [Ru(NH3)5H2O]3+.
ChemInform Abstract: ELEKTROPHILE SUBSTITUTION VON THIENO(2,3‐B)‐ UND THIENO(3,2‐B)THIOPHEN, QUANTITATIVE UNTERSUCHUNG
Authors: BUGGE ANDREAS
Published: March 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (Ia) bzw. (IIa) sind in bezug auf Chlorierung und Formylierung um das ca. 25 bis 40fache und auch gegenüber Acetylierung und Deuterierung um das Mehrfache reaktiver als Thiophen, wobei die α‐Positionen stärker reaktiv sind als die β‐Positionen.
ChemInform Abstract: UMLAGERUNG VON DIPHENYLAMIN‐DERIVATEN 3. MITT. REILLY‐HICKINBOTTOM‐UMLAGERUNG
Authors: BIRCHALL J. M. , CLARK M. T. , GOLDWHITE H. , THORPE D. H.
Published: March 2016

Die Diphenylamine (Ia) bzw. (Ib) lagern sich in Gegenwart von CoCl2 bei 34 zu den entsprechenden N‐Alkylphenyl‐anilinen (II) und (III) um.
ChemInform Abstract: KARZINOGENE STICKSTOFFVERBINDUNGEN 82. MITT. DARST. POLYCYCLISCHER INDOLE DURCH ANWENDUNG DER MOEHLAU‐BISCHLER‐SYNTH.
Authors: BIGOT P. , SAINT‐RUF G. , BUU‐HOI N. P.
Published: March 2016

Die Aminoketone (III) werden aus den Aminen (I) und dem Brom‐keton (II) dargestellt und in Gegenwart von 2 Val der Ausgangsamine (I) und 0,05 Val ihrer Hydrobromide zu den Indolen (IV) cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON 2,3,10,11‐TETRAALKOXY‐SUBSTITUIERTEN TETRAHYDROBENZO(A)NAPHTHO(1,2‐G)CHINOLIZINEN
Authors: ZEE‐CHENG K. Y. , NYBERG W. H. , CHENG C. C.
Published: March 2016

Die aus den freien Säuren (Ia) und (Ib) erhaltenen Säurechloride (IIa) und (IIb) reagieren mit den Phenäthylaminen (IIIa) und (IIIb) zu den Amiden (IV), die nach B1schler‐Napieralski zu den Dihydro‐isochinolinen (V) kondensiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRAZIN‐CHEMIE 4. MITT. THERMISCHE (1,4)‐ELIMINIERUNGSRK. VON 3,6‐DIHYDRO‐PYRAZINEN
Authors: BLAKE K. W. , PORTER A. E. A. , SAMMES P. G.
Published: March 2016

Die Piperazindione (I) reagieren mit Triäthyloxonium‐fluoroborat zu cis/trans‐ Gemischen der Dihydropyrazine (II), die sich mit Dichlordicyanbenzochinon zu den Pyrazinen (III) oxidieren lassen.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIMETHYLSILYLESTER VON PHOSPHORSAEUREN 2. MITT. RK. VON FLUOR‐ UND TRIFLUORMETHYLPHOSPHINOXIDEN UND ‐SULFIDEN MIT HEXAMETHYLDISILOXAN UND ‐DISILTHIAN UND SYNTH. EINES NEUEN PHOSPHORANS
Authors: CAVELL R. G. , LEARY R. D. , TOMLINSON A. J.
Published: March 2016

Die Reaktionen der Phosphoryl‐ und Thiophosphorylverbindungen (I) mit dem Disiloxan bzw. Disilthian (II), die im allgemeinen zu den Estern (IV) bz (V) führen, werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,1‐DIBENZYL‐2‐PHENYL‐1‐PHOSPHANAPHTHALIN
Authors: MAERKL GOTTFRIED , HEIER KARL‐HEINZ
Published: March 2016

Die Darstellung der Titelverbindung (IV) erfolgt ausgehend von dem Phosphoniumsalz (Ia), das aus Tribenzylphosphin und 2‐(2‐Brom‐phenyl)‐äthyl‐methyl‐ äther in Methanol in Gegenwart von Ni(II)‐bromid dargestellt und als Perchlorat isoliert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON BERYLLIUMALKYLEN MIT BENZONITRIL
Authors: GIACOMELLI G. P. , LARDICCI L.
Published: March 2016

Berylliumdialkyls (I) mit Benzonitril (II) bei 47°C und Hydrolyse des Reaktionsgemisches gelangt man zu den Carbonylverbindunge (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: UEBERGANGSMETALL‐KOMPLEXE DES TELLUROPHENS
Authors: OEFELE K. , DOTZAUER E.
Published: March 2016

Das unsubstituierte Tellurophen (I) reagiert bei 50‐60°C in Diisobutyläthe mit Tris‐acetonitril‐chromtricarbonyl (II) mit 80% Ausbeute zu einer purpurroten kristallinen Verbindung C7H4CrO3Te, IR‐, UV‐ und NMR‐Spektrum deuten auf die n‐gebundene Struktur (III) hin.
ChemInform Abstract: AMMIN‐KOMPLEXE VON OSMIUM(II)
Authors: ALLEN A. D. , STEVENS J. R.
Published: March 2016

Hexachloroosmat reagiert mit Hydrazinhydrat in wäßriger Lösung zu dem Distickstoffkomplex (Ia), aus dem das entsprechende Bromid und Jodid durch me tathetische Umsetzungen erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PARMON, EINE PHANTOMVERBINDUNG IM VEILCHENBLUETENOEL
Authors: UHDE G. , OHLOFF G.
Published: March 2016

86% der flüchtigen Fraktion eines Extraktes aus Veilchenblütenöl bestehen aus einem Gemisch aus 12 Verbindungen, von denen 10, unter ihnen (Ia)‐( als neue Komponenten erkannt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMIE DES D‐SECO‐STEROIDS DOISYNOLINSAEURE
Authors: IRIARTE J. , CRABBE P.
Published: March 2016

Das Östron (I) wird in das Enol‐acetat (II) umgewandelt, das mit Osmium‐ tetroxid zu dem Hydroxy‐keton (IIIa) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: ELEKTRISCHE RELAXATION IN NA2O.3SIO2‐GLAS
Authors: PROVENZANO V. , BOESCH L. P. , VOLTERRA V. , MOYNIHAN C. T. , MACEDO P. B.
Published: March 2016

Die elektrische Relaxation in Na2O·3 SiO2 diffusion verbunden ist, wird von 0,2 Hz bis zu 700 kHz bei ‐1° bis 163° untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PRAEZISIERUNG DES ZUSTANDSDIAGRAMMS DES SYST. ANTIMON‐SELEN
Authors: GOSPODINOV G. G. , PASHINKIN A. S.
Published: March 2016

Das Zustandsdiagramm Sb‐Se im Bereich 15‐60 Atom‐% Se wird durch DTA exakt bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHASENGLEICHGEWICHTE IM SYST. CAO‐BAO‐WO3
Authors: KREIDLER ERIC R.
Published: March 2016

Der isotherme Schnitt bei 1200°C im Titelsystem wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDUKTE VON XENONDIFLUORID MIT LEWISSAEURE‐FLUORIDEN
Authors: RUEDIGER STEPHAN , MEINERT HASSO
Published: March 2016

Um die Verwendbarkeit der HMO ‐Methode zur Berechnung der in den Addukten auftretenden Xe ‐haltigen Spezies zu erproben, wird die HMO‐Methode am Beispiel des in der Literatur bindungstheoretisch ausführlich behandelten XeF2 getestet.
ChemInform Abstract: ZUR CYCLISIERUNG LINEARER, POLYMERER PHOSPHORNITRIDCHLORIDE
Authors: SCHADOW HERBERT , TROJNA GUNTER , SCHELER HERMANN
Published: March 2016

Die Cyclisierung wird an den linearen P‐nitridchloriden mit einer durchschnittlichen Kettenlänge von x = 4 bis 5 (Ia) bzw. mit x = 25 (Ib) durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: NICHTSTOECHIOMETRIE VON BATIO3
Authors: CONGER G. J. , ANDERSON H. U.
Published: March 2016

Die Nichtstöchiometrie von 99,95%igem BaTiO3‐Pulver von einer mittleren Korngröße von 800 Å wird bei 900°C und einem O2‐Druck von 10‐6 bis 1 atm gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON CHROMMOLYBDAT MIT ALKALIMETALLMOLYBDATEN
Authors: MOKHOSOEV M. V. , BUTUKHANOV V. L. , GET'MAN E. I.
Published: March 2016

Durch Reaktion von M2MoO4 (M: Alkalimetalle) mit Cr2(MoO4)3 wurden die Molybdate (I)‐(V) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PROTONENRESONANZ‐SPEKTROSKOPIE UNGESAETTIGTER RINGSYST. 17. MITT. DER BENZOLKERN ALS SONDE FUER DIE PI‐ELEKTRONEN‐STRUKTUR VON ANNULENEN 1. MITT. THEORETISCHE GRUNDLAGEN
Authors: CREMER DIETER , GUENTHER HARALD
Published: March 2016

Mit Hilfe der HMO‐Methode und der SCF‐PPP‐Näherung werden die n‐Bindungs‐ Ordnungen für die benachbarten Zentren in Benzo[n]annulenen n = 2m; m = 4 bis 12 berechnet.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDRIDUEBERTRAGUNGSRK. SUBSTITUIERTER ADAMANTYLKATIONEN
Authors: CUDDY B. D. , GRANT D. , KARIM A. , MCKERVEY M. A. , REA E. J. F.
Published: March 2016

Die Behandlung des Adamantanols (I) mit nach 5 Min. hauptsächlich das Adamantan der Adamantanole (IIb) und syn‐ und anti‐ (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DITHIOCARBAMAT‐REIHE 4. MITT. PHOTOLYSE VON 4‐HYDROXY‐BENZYL‐DITHIOCARBAMATEN
Authors: FITTON A. O. , HILL J. , OUTOB M. , THOMPSON A.
Published: March 2016

Bei der UV‐Bestrahlung des Dithiocarbamats (Ia) in wasserfreiem Methanol werden das Thiuramdisulfid (II) (32% Ausbeute) und das Diphenyläthan (IIIa) (60%) gebildet; in Gegenwart von Wasser wird jedoch neben (II) (35%) und (IIIa) (25%) außerdem der Aldehyd (IVa) (8%) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON PHTHALIMIDONITREN MIT FURANEN
Authors: JONES D. W.
Published: March 2016

Die Furane (I) reagieren mit dem aus N‐Amino‐phthalimid und Pb‐tetraacetat Ringspaltung zu den cis‐Olefinen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: KONKURRENZ ZWISCHEN NUCLEOPHILEN KOHLENSTOFF‐, STICKSTOFF‐ UND SAUERSTOFFZENTREN BEIM ANGRIFF AM SCHWEFEL(VI) IN N,N′‐DISUBSTITUIERTEN SULFAMIDEN
Authors: SCOTT F. L. , BARRY J. A. , SPILLANE W. J.
Published: March 2016

Die Sulfamide (I) liefern bei der Umsetzung mit dem Anilin (II) bei 85°C in Gegenwart von Wasser nach 0,5 Std. durch partielle Hydrolyse die Ammoniumsulfate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: RADIKALISCHE ALKYLIERUNG VON CHINONEN, ERZEUGUNG VON RADIKALEN IN REDOXRK.
Authors: JACOBSEN NIELS , TORSSELL KURT
Published: March 2016

Aus den Äthern (I) bzw. Tetrahydrofuran und Benzochinon (II) entstehen in Gegenwart von Fentons Reagenz die alkylierten Produkte (III) und (IV) (Ausbeute 9%) bzw. (V) (14%) und (VI) (23%).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLIERUNG VON 4‐AMINO‐CHINOLINEN IN NEUTRALEM MEDIUM, EINFLUSS VON ALKYLIERUNGSMITTEL UND STERISCHER HINDERUNG AM STICKSTOFFATOM DES CHINOLINS
Authors: BERLOT JEAN , RENAULT JEAN
Published: March 2016

Die Alkylierung der Chinoline und Chinaldine (Ia) und (Ib) führt ausschließlich zu den 1‐Alkylderivaten (IVa) und (IVb).
ChemInform Abstract: CARBONYLIERUNG VON OLEFINEN UND ALKOHOLEN IN GEGENWART EINIGER BORTRIFLUORID‐KOMPLEXE
Authors: EIDUS YA. T. , PUZITSKII K. V. , YAN YUN BIN YAN YUN BIN
Published: March 2016

Die Carbonylierung des Pentens (I) [optimal in Gegenwart von BF3 ‐ 2,5 H2O (Molverhältnis wie l : 1,5) bei 100°C (100 at)] liefert überwiegend die ogoc‐Dimethyl‐buttersäure (II) (Ausbeute bis zu 92%); die Säure (II) (73%)erhältmanauch aus dem Pentanol (III) in Gegenwart von BF3°C H2O (Molverhältnis wie 1:2) unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐AETHOXY‐VINYLLITHIUM ALS REAGENS ZUR NUCLEOPHILEN ACETYLIERUNG
Authors: SCHOELLKOPF ULRICH , HAENSSLE PETER
Published: March 2016

Die Titelverbindung (III) wird aus Äther (I) und tert.‐Butyllithium (II) in Gegenwart von Tetramethyläthylendiamin (TMÄDA) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON JODPENTAFLUORID MIT TRIMETHYLMETHOXYSILAN UND VERWANDTEN VERBINDUNGEN
Authors: OATES G. , WINFIELD J. M.
Published: March 2016

Durch Reaktion von Jodpentafluorid (II) mit den Silanen (I) im Molverhältnis 1:1 bei 20°C im Vakuum entstehen neben dem Silan (IV) die Substitutionsprodukte (III), die durch ihre NMR‐, IR‐ und Massenspektren charakterisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: DARST. UND KONFIGURATION DER 5‐METHYL‐ADAMANTANOLE‐(2) UND DER 2,5‐DIMETHYL‐ADAMANTANOLE‐(2)
Authors: BONE J. A. , PRITT J. R. , WHITING M. C. , CLOKE C.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Oxidation von 1‐Methyl‐adamantan, 3‐Methyl‐adamantanol‐(1) oder 2‐Methyl‐adamantanol‐(2) mit 96%iger H2SO4 wird als Hauptprodukt das Adamantanon (I) erhalten, das bei Reduktion ein 1:1‐Gemisch der isomeren Alkohole (II) ergibt.