bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les relations politiques entre ville et campagne dans la seconde moitié du xiv e siècle : les élites urbaines de Béziers et la communauté villageoise de Sérignan (Hérault)
Authors: Mukai Shinya
Published: January 2019

À partir du milieu du xx e  siècle, les médiévistes français se sont intéressés aux relations économiques entre la ville et la campagne. En revanche, l’historiographie française a négligé les relations ville-campagne de nature politique. En profitant des riches archives de la ville de Béziers et du village de Sérignan (Hérault), cet article a pour objectif d’éclairer les relations politiques ville-campagne dans la seconde moitié du xiv e  siècle. À cette époque, les élites de Béziers – le groupe dirigeant de la ville, c’est-à-dire les citoyens qui occupent les fonctions municipales –, montrent des visages variés à l’égard des villageois de Sérignan. Ils peuvent être : 1. des officiers royaux de Béziers ; 2. ceux qui assument une fonction judiciaire ou administrative ad hoc  ; 3. des receveurs du subside royal ou de la taxe du pays dans le Biterrois ; 4. des consuls de Béziers ; 5. des prêteurs d’argent, changeurs de monnaie, acheteurs de blé ou du droit de lever l’impôt sur les revenus ; 6. ceux qui donnent personnellement une aide ou un conseil ; 7. des avocats consultants ; 8. des agents seigneuriaux ou ecclésiastiques à Sérignan. Les élites de Béziers sont supérieures aux dirigeants de Sérignan, du point de vue du capital économique, intellectuel et politique. Utilisant ces divers capitaux, elles commandent ou protègent la communauté de Sérignan, selon la situation. Pour survivre à un environnement guerrier difficile, lié à la guerre de Cent Ans, la communauté villageoise de Sérignan renforce sa compétence d’autodéfense, mais elle a surtout besoin de la protection des dirigeants de Béziers. Le régime gouvernemental passant graduellement de la seigneurie à l’État royal, le rôle de protecteur du village n’est plus joué par le seigneur, pas encore par le prince, mais alors par les élites urbaines.
Des carrières pastorales à Bischwiller (1618-1663). Politique et discipline dans une communauté de réfugiés
Authors: Léonard Julien
Published: January 2019

La question des carrières pastorales dans le monde réformé au xvii e  siècle est encore relativement mal connue dans le monde francophone. Au sein des Églises qui appartiennent aux structures synodales du royaume de France, ces carrières sont surtout détérminées par les institutions consistoriales et synodales. Pourtant, il existe en marge de ce modèle français d’autres communautés francophones, mais fonctionnant selon un modèle contrôlé par un prince calviniste. C’est le cas dans le duché de Deux-Ponts, et l’étude du village de Bischwiller nous permet de l’observer. Au sein d’un milieu alsacien germanophone et luthérien, Jean II de Deux-Ponts octroie des privilèges à des réfugiés réformés francophones et leur garantit un pasteur. Le recrutement de ce dernier, largement contrarié par la guerre de Trente Ans, pose divers problèmes et permet d’observer les rapports de forces entre le pouvoir civil et les laïcs de l’Église locale, deux sphères qui sont loin d’être hermétiques, mais aussi des influences allemandes, suisses, alsaciennes, lorraines et françaises. Entre 1618 et 1663, plusieurs pasteurs se succèdent, dans des conditions politiques variables (notamment après que les Birkenfeld sont devenus seigneurs locaux) et surtout dans conditions disciplinaires parfois confuses. Cette Église, qui se nomme toujours « française » dans les sources, peut mobiliser différents modèles qui questionnent eux aussi la place du pasteur. Grâce à la documentation disponible sur ce cas de communauté en marge et à la croisée de diverses influences, l’historien peut analyser à l’échelle locale des problèmes que les sources laissent parfois dans l’implicite ailleurs.
Les vies du « trésor de Ségou »
Authors: Foliard Daniel
Published: January 2019

Lors de la prise de Ségou (Mali actuel) en avril 1890, le corps expéditionnaire dirigé par Louis Archinard (1850-1932) saisit une grande quantité d’objets précieux et de livres appartenant à ce que l’on appelle alors le « trésor d’Ahmadou ». Assez rapidement, une commission fut mise en place pour décider du destin à donner aux différentes pièces collectées durant la campagne. Plusieurs caisses d’objets variés furent expertisées à l’époque, d’abord sur place. Artefacts et livres furent alors catégorisés, dispersés et classés en fonction de leur valeur artistique et ethnographique supposée. La collection fut exposée dans différentes institutions françaises en fonction des significations successives qu’on lui assigna, jusqu’à disparaître dans les réserves du Musée des Arts d’Afrique et d’Océanie. Cet article analyse ce que la collecte, le tri puis l’exposition de ces objets révèlent des pratiques coloniales et muséales à l’époque. Le rôle des différentes institutions impliquées dans la conservation et l’exposition de ces artefacts est ainsi révélateur des multiples impératifs, critères et cloisonnements qui structurèrent les usages de ces objets en métropole. Ce travail ne se limite pas à une approche du seul moment colonial de la biographie sociale de ce « trésor ». Il vise aussi à reconstruire son élaboration avant 1890 et ses significations vernaculaires, à la lumière des documentations locales et de ce que l’on peut dire des objets en tant que tel aujourd’hui. Ses réappropriations au fil des dernières décennies au Sénégal et au Mali sont aussi observées pour retrouver les histoires multiples et connectées que reflètent les parcours heurtés du « trésor de Ségou ». Ce faisant, cette étude illustre la nécessité de redonner leur histoire aux objets capturés lors des conquêtes coloniales car elle défie souvent les simplifications hâtives.
POTS, PANS, and PEARLs: The Nursing Profession's Rich History With Distance Education for a New Century of Nursing
Authors: Armstrong Myrna L , Gessner Barbara A , Cooper Signe Skott
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Continuing education via distance education is expanding. A review of the media used to deliver classes in the past as well as future possibilities are presented.

Method: The personal experience of the authors using these methods to present continuing nursing education is the basis for this article.

Results: There is evidence that people learn via distance education as well as they do with traditional formats such as conferences and seminars. Although learners are enrolling in these types of courses for convenience, they enjoy the classes more when there is active involvement and participation.

Conclusions: Continuing education using distance education strategies will expand, especially because computers are available in the homes of learners. A larger number of offerings will be available, and more learners will use these media to remain current professionally.
Addressing Sexuality-Related Needs in Practice: Perspectives of Maternal/Child and Women's Health Nurses
Authors: Propst Maureen G , Phillips Billie Rhea , Andrew Michael E
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

A quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted using Waterhouse's instrument. Survey of Sexuality-Related Nursing Practice. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which maternal/child and women's health nurses address sexuality in their practice and to assess the influence of select variables on that practice. A sample of maternal/child and women's health registered nurses (n = 130) was systematically selected from the 1995 Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses' (AWHONN) District VII mailing list. Findings reveal incongruities in maternal/child and women's health nurses' perspectives and the incorporation of sexuality-related nursing interventions into practice.
Nurses' Beliefs About Their Abilities to Delegate Within Changing Models of Care
Authors: Anthony Mary K , Standing Theresa S , Hertz Judith E
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Changing models of nursing care have resulted in a more diverse work force composition. Nurses (RNs and licensed practical and vocational nurses) have greater responsibilities for delegation and supervision of unlicensed assistive personnel providing direct nursing care. This study describes nurses' belief s about their abilities to delegate and supervise direct nursing activities and explores differences based on professional and job-related factors. A national sample of 148 licensed nurses working in three practice settings was surveyed. In general, nurses reported a high level of comfort, frequency, preparedness, confidence, competence, and control. Differences found in nurses' beliefs were based on education, practice setting, and type of work responsibilities.
Representing Gavrilo Princip: Tourism, Politics and Alternative Engagements with the Memory of the Sarajevo Assassination in Post-war Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Bartulović Alenka
Published: January 2019

This article follows the transformation of memories on Sarajevo assassination, reflected during the Assassination Centennial in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The author focuses mostly on touristic representations of Gavrilo Princip and new discourses framed in the Federation BH, in particular counter-discourses that challenge the simplified understanding of memorialisation practices in post-conflict societies as simple battles of antagonistic nationalised versions of the past.
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V članku so analizirane transformacije spomina na sarajevski atentat ob stoletnici dogodka v Bosni in Hercegovini. Osredinjen je zlasti na turistične reprezentacije Gavrila Principa in nove diskurze v Federaciji Bosne in Hercegovine, med njimi tudi kontradiskurze, ki zavračajo poenostavljeno razumevanje spominjanja kot preprostega boja med antagonističnimi, nacionaliziranimi različicami preteklosti v post-konfliktnih družbah.
¿Son compatibles la conservación de plantas y las guerras? El papel de las áreas en disputa, las áreas militares y las reliquias militares como reservas naturales
Authors: Massó S. , Blanché C. , Sáez L. , López Pujol J.
Published: January 2019

Las guerras y las actividades militares en general tienen un gran impacto en los humanos y en la biodiversidad, que se resume aquí brevemente. Algunos efectos adversos, aunque no éticamente aceptables en principio, producen sin embargo algunas oportunidades que, en última instancia, dieron lugar a acciones beneficiosas para la conservación de las plantas. Una breve revisión de diferentes casos de estudio alrededor del mundo y en diferentes períodos históricos muestran cómo las zonas y actividades militares pueden actuar de reservas naturales si se toman las decisiones administrativas apropiadas (con base científica) en un marco más amplio de conservación coordinada con otras áreas de la intervención humana en la biosfera.
Hanzi: A Key to Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zheng Anwen
Published: January 2019

Owing to a similar way of thinking, visualized thought, a close link between Hanzi and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been set up at the very beginning of the ancient Chinese culture. Both Hanzi and TCM had undergone many ups and downs before they were firmly established in Chinese lives. Instead of being phased out, Hanzi and TCM have been successfully reinvigorated and can meet the challenge of the information technology-dependent modern society.
Brief History of Chinese Medicine in France
Authors: Mezard Marc
Published: January 2019

In the 17th century, Chinese medicine appeared in France; since then, it never stopped evolving and is applied by French practitioners. Today, acupuncture is widely used in clinic treatment in France.
Cupping, the Past and Present Application
Authors: Lin Xun , Wong Hon F , Ng Shih Chau
Published: January 2019

Cupping is a therapy in which a cup is applied to the skin surface to cause local congestion through negative pressure. It has a long history in many places such as China, Greece, Egypt, and the Middle East. The ancient Chinese used animal horns as their cupping instrument, whereas in modern days there are a wide variety of choices ranging from bamboo cup to glass cup. Cupping is simple, inexpensive and yet has wide indications. Research has shown that it can promote blood circulation, stimulate nerve and muscle functions. In terms of application methods, fire cupping, liquid cupping and vaccum cupping were discussed. The five application techniques (flashing, retaining, moving, needle retention and bleeding) and precautions of cupping are also discussed in detail. Lastly, pathological reactions observed during the cupping process can be used to support Chinese Medicine diagnosis.
Frankincense, a Special Spice Walking Along the Silk Road
Authors: Yao Tianwen , Yang Baican
Published: January 2019

Frankincense is also called “Fumigated land,” “Horsetail spice,” and “Godsend spice.” The alias “Fumigated land” shows its strong fragrance that can cover the whole land. The name of “Horsetail spice” implies its morphologic characteristics and mild effects, and another name of “Godsend spice” indicates its functions of relieving swelling and pain, healing sore, and growing muscle, as if it is the grace donated by God. The name of “Frankincense” displays its complex productive progress. With thick quality and strong fragrance, frankincense acts as daily supplies for religious activities and folk activities due to its low price and a wide range of uses in medicine and daily life. Frankincense shows the infinite charm of spice culture along the Silk Road from the distant Western Regions to the East. At the same time, it enriches the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and becomes one of the most popular spices in both eastern and western, nobility and common.
The Cream Formula on Winter Solstice
Authors: Ruqing Zhang
Published: January 2019

This study introduces the application of cream formula in Traditional Chinese medicine. When the phase of Yin extremity comes, yang qi starts to generate itself. Winter solstice is the optimum period for the application of cream formula. Formula refers to the thick liquid further simmered from medical decoction to benefit and nourish the human body and rectify imbalance to cure diseases, which can achieve excellent effect on not only health preservation, body strengthening, and sub-optimal conditioning but also recuperative care of chronic diseases.
Li Shizhen and the Spirit of Investigation of Things and the Extension of Knowledge
Authors: Zhang Ruixian
Published: January 2019

Li Shizhen was a Ming Dynasty physician and was greatly influenced by the New-Confucian beliefs of the time. Although Ben Cao Gang Mu (《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica) is a monograph on medicine, its purpose is “to investigate things.” The best way to get to know historical figures is to restore facts.
Series of Interpretation on Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic (III): Unity of Spirit and Body: Views from Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》 Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic)
Authors: Wang Qingqi
Published: January 2019

Human life activities are inevitably affected by the surrounding environment, such as natural and social environment. It is the basic principle of TCM to set a series of medical practice activities. TCM believes that the social environment has an inestimable influence on the mind and body of human beings. This study introduces the unity of spirit and body in traditional Chinese medicine.
Historical Figures Promoting the Communication of Ben Cao Gang Mu (《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica) in Japan
Authors: Zhou Min
Published: January 2019

Ben Cao Gang Mu (《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica) written by Li Shizhen (李时珍) was first introduced to Japan in the early 17th century and played an important role in the development of Japanese Material Medica and natural history in the Edo period. Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康), a shogun general, and Hayashi Razan (林罗山), a famous Confucianist in the Edo period, first recommended Ben Cao Gang Mu in Japan. Then, there emerged more scholars at herbal medicine in Japan who studied and taught Ben Cao Gang Mu through family teaching and master-apprenticeship training. Among them, the work of scholars such as Kaibara Ekiken (贝原益轩), Okamoto Ippou (冈本一抱), Matsuoka Gentatsu (松冈玄达), Ono Ranzan (小野蘭山), Iwasaki Kan-en (岩崎灌园), and Maeda Toshiyasu (前田利保) is of great significance to promote the wide communication and acceptance of Ben Cao Gang Mu in the Edo period in Japan. The rise of the Ben Cao Gang Mu in Japan fueled the development of Japanese herbal science and natural history to a new level.
Wake-Up Sleepyhead: Unilateral Diencephalic Stroke Presenting with Excessive Sleepiness
Authors: Pradeep R. , Gupta Dhananjay , Mehta Anish , Srinivasa R. , Javali Mahendra , Acharya P. T.
Published: January 2019

Altered sleep architecture and stroke share a reciprocal relationship. More than half of the stroke patients display sleep abnormalities including hypersomnia, insomnia, parasomnia, periodic limb movements, or sleep-disordered breathing. Conversely, one of the major causes of severe organic hypersomnia is acute brainstem strokes, involving thalamic infarctions, which may be reversible over 6–12 months. Here, we report a patient with increased lethargy and drowsiness who was diagnosed to have a right thalamic and hypothalamic ischemic stroke.
Case Report: Bacillus pumilus–Caused Bacteremia in a Patient with Food Poisoning
Authors: Shah Mohammad Monir , Miringu Gabriel , Wada Akihiro , Kaneko Satoshi , Ichinose Yoshio
Published: January 2019

Bacillus pumilus has rarely been reported as a cause of human infections. We report a case of a B. pumilus causing food poisoning in an adult male. A 51-year-old Japanese man complained of severe abdominal cramps, fever with chills, diarrhea, dizziness, and loss of appetite after eating reheated rice with stewed minced meat purchased from a Kenyan restaurant. Bacillus pumilus was isolated from blood culture and was identified using a biochemical test and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The patient was treated with probiotics and ciprofloxacin and recovered after 3 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the potential role of B. pumilus as a foodborne pathogen in Kenya and highlights the importance of good hygiene and food preparation practices.
Case Report: Birth Outcome and Neurodevelopment in Placental Malaria Discordant Twins
Authors: Conroy Andrea L. , Bangirana Paul , Muhindo Mary K. , Kakuru Abel , Jagannathan Prasanna , Opoka Robert O. , Liechty Edward A. , Nakalembe Miriam , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , John Chandy C.
Published: January 2019

Maternal infection during pregnancy can have lasting effects on neurodevelopment, but the impact of malaria in pregnancy on child neurodevelopment is unknown. We present a case of a 24-year-old gravida three woman enrolled at 14 weeks 6 days of gestation in a clinical trial evaluating malaria prevention strategies in pregnancy. She had two blood samples test positive for Plasmodium falciparum using loop-mediated isothermal amplification before 20 weeks of gestation. At 31 weeks 4 days of gestation, the woman presented with preterm premature rupture of membranes, and the twins were delivered by cesarean section. Twin A was 1,920 g and Twin B was 1,320 g. Both placentas tested negative for malaria by microscopy, but the placenta of Twin B had evidence of past malaria by histology. The twins’ development was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition. At 1 year chronologic age, Twin B had lower scores across all domains (composite scores: cognitive, Twin A [100], Twin B [70]; motor, Twin A [88], Twin B [73]; language, Twin A [109], Twin B [86]). This effect persisted at 2 years chronologic age (composite scores: cognitive, Twin A [80], Twin B [60]; motor, Twin A [76], Twin B [67]; language, Twin A [77], Twin B [59]). Infant health was similar over the first 2 years of life. We report differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes in placental malaria-discordant dizygotic twins. Additional research is needed to evaluate the impact of placental malaria on neurodevelopmental complications. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02163447. Registered: June 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02163447.
Deflagar o zero: observador e linguagem em Inserções em Circuitos Ideológicos
Authors: Pena Victor Hermann Mendes
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo discute a obra Inserções em Circuitos Ideológicos, de Cildo Meireles, sob o ponto de vista do ato criativo, com enfoque na questão do espectador, e da linguagem, com destaque à teoria da fala mítica, de Roland Barthes. A partir dessa perspectiva, pretende-se uma análise pormenorizada da obra, discutindo as diferenças entre o Projeto Cédula e o Projeto Coca-Cola, no que diz respeito ao papel do observador, a noção de “circuito”, e o modo de combate à alienação ideológica.
Experiência como mercado: rastro e aura na obra de Marina Abramović
Authors: Goulart José Ricardo
Published: January 2019

A arte da performance surge, como tal, no entrecruzar das décadas de 60 e 70 do século XX no âmbito de um movimento que buscava romper e transgredir o sistema artístico mercantil vigente, propondo uma arte efêmera que não pudesse ser vendida. Aproximadamente 30 anos depois, a artista sérvia Marina Abramović cunha o termo reperformance, prática que consiste na reapresentação daquele tipo de trabalho, seja pelo próprio autor da obra, ou por outros artistas. No entanto, tal prática vem acompanhada de regras e de um método, que devem ser observados e seguidos pelos artistas interessados em “reperformar”. Neste artigo pretendo refletir sobre as relações que emergem entre as noções de aura, elaborada pelo filósofo alemão Walter Benjamin, e reperformance, esta última pensada paralelamente a um jogo entre a presença física e a ausência do artista que criou a primeira versão da obra reapresentada. A noção benjaminiana de rastro, que remete ao ausente que é tornado presente, será usada para embasar a suposição de que Abramović transpôs a aura de suas obras para seu nome, para sua assinatura.
Usos e lugares da fotografia nos museus de arte
Authors: Tosetto Guilherme Marcondes
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e compreender o momento em que a fotografia passa de instrumento utilitário a serviço da arte para se tornar obra de arte, quando assume valor de culto e, consequentemente, desperta o interesse museológico. O período histórico da virada nos usos da fotografia é marcado pela sua relação com a emergente arte conceitual dos anos 1960 e 1970 e pela crescente crítica e teoria, que deram origem a textos e autores ainda citados em pesquisas sobre fotografia. Recentemente, com a entrada dos museus e coleções no ambiente digital, sua função utilitária torna-se cada vez mais complexa, e o seu lugar como obra de arte, cada vez mais diluído na contemporaneidade.
O “futuro Vigor” e o contemporâneo: aspectos da energia em Nathalie Quintane
Authors: Glenadel Paula
Published: January 2019

A tradicional função da arte como mediadora no círculo hermenêutico ou no círculo da dialética especulativa, descrita por Jacques Derrida em La vérité en peinture, pode ser contrastada com uma abordagem diferente, de que a poesia francesa da modernidade já dá notícias em suas representações acerca da ideia de energia. A partir dessa perspectiva, pode-se situar a escrita de Nathalie Quintane na tensão entre parergon e obra, na ênfase dada à performatividade da linguagem poética como força política, que encenam a produção de uma energia revolucionária e deslizam a fórmula rimbaldiana do “futuro Vigor” na direção das questões colocadas pela contemporaneidade.
Sobre a Crítica da Psicanálise às Políticas Xenofóbicas e seus Dispositivos de Poder: Segregação e Genocídio
Authors: Fuks Betty Bernardo
Published: January 2019

A finalidade deste ensaio é retornar à incursão de Freud no campo da política, refletir sobre o conjunto de conceitos metapsicológicos que sustentou sua análise em relação à ideologia nazista de identidade racial e avaliar a pertinência desse conjunto para a crítica atual da psicanálise em relação aos fenômenos sociopolíticos. Para tanto, recorremos também aos aportes teóricos de Lacan, que permitem mostrar o ponto em que a ética da psicanálise é fundamental à teoria da política.
Intolerância: Fronteiras e Psicanálise
Authors: Debieux Rosa Miriam , Amaral Penha Diego , Do Prado Ferreira Patrícia
Published: January 2019

Vivemos em um tempo em que o mal-estar se radicaliza e se expressa em manifestações de intolerância. Buscamos sustentar a intolerância como fruto do mal-estar presente na constituição das fronteiras nos campos social e subjetivo e nos modos de circulação entre territórios. Há na intolerância uma posição do sujeito pautada pela ignorância consentida das complexidades em jogo - sociais, políticas, históricas, culturais, linguísticas ou psíquicas. Nessa operação, há um tripé: a paranoia como matriz do conhecimento da lógica liberal, que mantem o imaginário de uma sociedade sob ameaça e incita o medo da alteridade como afeto político central e o ódio como coadjuvante. Em uma lógica identitária, que se presta a certa ‘obturação’ da aventura do desejo, o outro se torna sinônimo de inimigo ou objeto de uma indiferença radical que preconiza o seu desaparecimento. A ignorância obscurece a ambivalência que está no cerne do sujeito e da agressividade que habita cada um. Mas, se de um lado, o ódio ou o desejo de destruição são constitutivos; de outro, é de escolha e responsabilidade do sujeito colocá-lo em ato.
Tijd voor pedagogiek
Authors: Biesta Gert
Published: January 2019

Time for ‘pedagogiek’: On the importance of ‘pedagogiek’ for teaching and education

In this slightly edited version of my inaugural lecture, I try to show in three steps what the unique and distinctive contribution of ‘pedagogiek’ to the theory and practice of education consists of. I do this, firstly, by characterising ‘pedagogiek’ as an interested science of action, and by emphasising that the central interest of ‘pedagogiek’ has to do with emancipation, that is, with grown-up ways of leading one’s life. I use this, secondly, to debunk a rather common misunderstanding about the role of education in the formation of the person, by showing that this is not about the formation of individuals according to certain images or ideals, but rather is orientated towards the question of what it means to exist as (a) person. This reveals that ‘pedagogiek’ is concerned with existential questions: question about what it means to live one’s life, individually and together with others. In the third and final step, I show what this means for schooling, making a case for subjectifying education and a flipped curriculum, and outlining the connection with the question of democracy. I conclude by highlighting two areas for further research. Firstly, in order to counter a strong emphasis in education on observable behaviour, I make a case for the importance of interiority. Secondly, I suggest that we should not see education as a field in which we can apply humanistic values, but that we should rather raise the question what the fact that we are beings who teach and can be taught reveals about our humanity and human-ness.
The HadCM3 contribution to PlioMIP Phase 2 Part 1: Core and Tier 1 experiments
Authors: Hunter Stephen J. , Haywood Alan M. , Dolan Aisling M. , Tindall Julia C.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We present the UK's input into the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) using the HadCM3 climate model. We outline the process of setting up HadCM3 with the enhanced PRISM4 boundary conditions and discuss in detail the assumptions and choices made. We then present the HadCM3 spin-up process from an initial arbitrary atmosphere, zero-momentum ocean state through to a well-equilibriated climatic state. We present data from the spin-up and final climatological mean state of the pre-industrial and Pliocene experiments. We focus on large-scale climatic and oceanic features. Comparing the control Pliocene experiment to pre-industrial the change in palaeogeography and CO2 combined account for a warming in globally integrated air temperature (sea surface temperature) of 1.4 °C (0.8 °C) and 1.5 °C (1.0 °C). For the pre-industrial and Pliocene we see climate sensitivities (for 2 × CO2) of 3.5 °C and 2.9 °C. We derive an approximation of Earth System Sensitivity of ~ 5.5 °C leading to an ESS / CS ratio ~ 1.90. Precipitation change is more complex, with geographic and land surface changes primarily modifying the geographical extent, and increasing CO2 leading to a general wet-get-wetter response. We see a reduction in summer and winter sea ice extent driven by both geographical – land surface changes and CO2 increase. In our model, the Atlantic Meridional overturning is relatively insensitive to CO2 but is strengthened in the Pliocene (from 15.7 to 19.6 Sv) due to the change in palaeogeography. Understanding the change in Antarctic Circumglobal Current within the Pliocene is problematic given an overly intense modern ACC and palaeogeography-driven changes in barotropic model set-up within the Pliocene. We confirm that the modern orbit used throughout PlioMIP2, is a satisfactory substitute for the Pliocene 3.205 Myr KM5c orbit in terms of large-scale climate and a number of important climatic indices. We also quantify the impact of the total solar irradiance choice (1361 versus 1365 W m−2) on the Pliocene – pre-industrial anomaly and absolute climatic state and highlight climatic systems which may present non-linear responses.
Long-term records of glacier surface velocities in the Ötztal Alps (Austria)
Authors: Stocker-Waldhuber Martin , Fischer Andrea , Helfricht Kay , Kuhn Michael
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Climatic forcing affects glacier mass balance and ice flow dynamics on different time scales, resulting in length changes. Mass Balance and length changes are operationally used for glacier monitoring, whereas only a few time series of glacier dynamics have been recorded. With more than 100 years of measurements of ice flow velocities at stakes and stone lines on Hintereisferner and more than 50 years on Kesselwandferner, annual velocity and glacier fluctuation records have similar lengths. Subseasonal variations of ice flow velocities have been measured on Gepatschferner and Taschachferner for nearly a decade. The ice flow velocities on Hintereisferner and especially on Kesselwandferner show great variations between advancing and retreating periods, with magnitudes increasing from the highest to the lowest stakes, making ice flow records at ablation stakes a very sensitive indicator of glacier state. Since the end of the latest glacier advances from the 1970s to the 1980s, the ice flow velocities have decreased continuously, a strong indicator of the negative mass balances of the glaciers in recent decades. The velocity data sets of the four glaciers are available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.896741.
On a remarkable new species of Tharsis, a Late Jurassic teleostean fish from southern Germany: its morphology and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Arratia Gloria , Schultze Hans-Peter , Tischlinger Helmut
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A complete morphological description, as preservation permits, is provided for a new Late Jurassic fish species (Tharsis elleri) together with a revision and comparison of some morphological features of Tharsis dubius, one of the most common species from the Solnhofen limestone, southern Germany. An emended diagnosis of the genus Tharsis – now including two species – is presented. The new species is characterized by a combination of morphological characters, such as the presence of a complete sclerotic ring formed by two bones placed anterior and posterior to the eye, a moderately short lower jaw with quadrate-mandibular articulation below the anterior half of the orbit, caudal vertebrae with neural and haemal arches fused to their respective vertebral centrum, and parapophyses fused to their respective centrum. A phylogenetic analysis based on 198 characters and 43 taxa is performed. Following the phylogenetic hypothesis, the sister-group relationship Ascalaboidae plus more advanced teleosts stands above the node of Leptolepis coryphaenoides. Both nodes have strong support among teleosts. The results confirm the inclusion of Ascalabos, Ebertichthys and Tharsis as members of this extinct family. Tharsis elleri n. sp. (LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6434E6F5-2DDD-48CF-A2B1-827495FE46E6, date: 13 December 2018) is so far restricted to one Upper Jurassic German locality – Wegscheid Quarry near Schernfeld, Eichstätt – whereas Tharsis dubius is known not only from Wegscheid Quarry, but also from different localities in the Upper Jurassic of Bavaria, Germany, and Cerin in France.
Flexible piezoresistive sensor matrix based on a carbon nanotube PDMS composite for dynamic pressure distribution measurement
Authors: Ramalingame Rajarajan , Hu Zheng , Gerlach Carina , Rajendran Dhivakar , Zubkova Tatiana , Baumann Reinhard , Kanoun Olfa
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A highly flexible, piezoresistive sensor matrix based on a carbon nanotube
(CNT) polymer composite is developed for pressure distribution measurement
applications. With an overall height of about 400 µm, the sensors can
measure pressure directly, without any deformation elements, such as a
cantilever or a deformation membrane. The measurement range is from 2.5 to
640 kPa. Both the position and the pressure of the applied load can be
measured and visualized as a resistance change. The relative resistance
measurement deviation of the data acquisition system is lower than 3 % for
the resistance range of 610Ω to 380 kΩ. This corresponds to
a systematic deviation of pressure measurement of less than 3 % in the
measurement range. Besides the measurement of pressure, different sizes of
loads can be detected as well. The developed fast and compact measurement
system allows dynamic pressure measurement, such as gait analysis when used
in an insole application.
Humanae vitae, ideología de género y futuro biotecnológico
Authors: Murcia Lora José María
Published: January 2019

Este artículo tiene como finalidad hacer un comentario breve alusivo a la influencia de la Humanae vitae, cincuenta años después de haber sido publicada. En este contexto se comentan algunos aspectos alusivos a la influencia positiva que confiere esta encíclica al entorno afectivo de la sexualidad, tanto en la edad adulta como en edades temprana de la juventud, ante la influencia de la ideología LGTBI. La visión antropológica de la sexualidad confiere un entorno de respeto por la dignidad de la persona, ante las desviaciones que pueden llegar a presentarse debidas a la influencia de la ideología de género. Finalmente, se citan algunos artículos científicos de índole internacional, que ilustran positivamente la posibilidad de compatibilizar la ciencia con el carácter unitivo y procreativo de la Humanae vitae, en un entorno globalizado.
Long Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in Pakistan
Authors: Batool Zahira
Published: January 2019

This study is aimed to analyze long run performance of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Pakistan by taking the sample of 15 firms for the period of 2006 to 2011. We took secondary data for our research from KSE, SBP, and Brecorder. Stock returns of IPO firms are considered as dependent variables and firm size, firm age, profitability and leverage ratios are considered as explanatory variables for the long run performance of IPOs. Previous literature on IPOs indicates that IPOs underperform in the long run. Firm’s size and profitability have some significant positive correlation with the IPOs long run performance. All the findings of this research paper depend upon the background of the different industry sectors, the perspective of the study and sample distribution. And the Leverage ratio and Age of the firms are negatively correlated with the long run performance of the IPOs.
Simplified Machine Diagnosis Techniques with Absolute Deterioration Factor by Utilizing the Second Order Autocorrelation Function
Authors: Takeyasu Kazuhiro
Published: January 2019

Among many amplitude parameters, Kurtosis and Bicoherence are recognized to be the sensitive good parameters for machine diagnosis. In this paper, simplified calculation method of coefficient of autocorrelation function of 1st order lag is introduced, and new deterioration factor of correlation of four variables is introduced consecutively. New deterioration factor is an absolute index of deterioration factor. Three cases in which the rolling elements number is nine, twelve and sixteen are examined and compared. Varying N, the number of data, its characteristics are examined. When N is smaller, sensitivity is better. Therefore this parameter can be used as an index for the machine diagnosis of early failure stage especially.
Serviço Social, Questão Social e Políticas Sociais em tempos de degradação do trabalho humano, sob o domínio do capital financeiro.
Authors: Yazbek Maria Carmelita
Published: January 2019

Este artigo objetiva analisar o Serviço Social brasileiro em suas orgânicas relações com a “Questão Social ” e a desigualdade fundante que a constitui no atual contexto de transformações estruturais e conjunturais que se processam sob a dominância do capital financeiro. Nessa direção, este texto privilegia a análise da profissão, frente às manifestações da questão social brasileira, questão que, nos contraditórios tempos presentes assume novas configurações e expressões que condensam múltiplas desigualdades mediadas por disparidades nas relações de gênero, características étnico-raciais, mobilidades espaciais, formações regionais e disputas ambientais, colocando em causa amplos segmentos da sociedade civil no acesso aos bens da civilização. Desse modo é fundamental não esquecer que o caráter predatório das relações coloniais e do escravismo deixou, sem dúvida suas marcas na história do país e implantou bases importantes na construção da lógica que vem presidindo a expansão do capitalismo dependente na periferia em tempos mais recentes, bem como as características próprias da Questão Social brasileira.
Serviço Social e questão agrária: um debate necessário ao fortalecimento da direção crítica do projeto ético-político-profissional
Authors: Santos Sant’Ana Raquel , Abrahão Masson Gabriela
Published: January 2019

Este texto problematiza o surgimento do Serviço Social como profissão atrelada ao modo de produção capitalista em seu estágio monopólico e, discute o objeto de intervenção profissional, a questão social, como inerente à produção e reprodução desta sociabilidade calcada na lei geral de acumulação do capital. A partir da realidade brasileira aponta a construção histórica da direção crítica do Projeto Ético Político do Serviço Social, bem como a questão agrária como particularidade da questão social cujas manifestações se expressam pelo embate e contradições advindos do atual modelo de desenvolvimento agrário, o qual prioriza o agronegócio em detrimento da agricultura camponesa e/ou de outros sujeitos políticos que lutam por terra ou trabalho em meio rural. Finaliza a reflexão apontando à necessidade da apreensão da questão agrária no cotidiano do trabalho profissional do assistente social por meio de suas diversas manifestações; destaca que esse debate é parte da qualificação necessária para a apreensão da realidade na perspectiva de totalidade e, de uma formação crítica alinhada ao Projeto Ético Político profissional do Serviço Social e sua direção crítica e dialética.
Fotoetnografia: Uso e Possibilidades como Método de Pesquisa em Administração
Authors: Da Fonseca Stêvenis Moacir Moura , Da Silva Andréa Pereira , Leite Emanuel Ferreira
Published: January 2019

A fotoetnografia é um método que utiliza a fotografia como narrativa imagética capaz de preservar o dado e convergir para o leitor uma informação cultural a respeito do grupo estudado. O objetivo deste ensaio é discutir o método fotoetnográfico no âmbito da pesquisa em Administração, apresentando conceitos, sua operação e uma reflexão sobre como pode ser utilizado na área. Os parâmetros adotados na realização deste artigo seguiram a linha da antropologia visual, bem como foram utilizados os passos da etnografia, tendo em vista a ausência de protocolo para operação do método específico na literatura. Dessa maneira, concluiu-se que a fotoetnografia pode representar uma extensão eficaz da etnografia para a consecução de pesquisas em Administração com determinados sujeitos em diferentes locais de interação social.
Monitoring of Teachers’ Views on Both CLIL and the Development of Pluriliteracies: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Isidro Xabier San , Lasagabaster David
Published: January 2019

In Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), the design of a language policy at school level is not only bound up with the number of languages used for learning and the number of hours devoted to teaching those languages, but also with the fact that language becomes specialised in relation to the subject, which impacts on the methodology used. These are the reasons for both language teachers and subject teachers to work together in design and implementation; and for the teachers’ use of a translanguaging-based approach to language learning (San Isidro, 2018).

Previous research has dealt with teachers’ opinions (Calvo & San Isidro, 2012; Coonan, 2007; Infante et al., 2009; Pladevall-Ballester, 2015) on the difficulties of curriculum integration and its effects on both the different languages of instruction and the learning of content; or on the difficulties of language and content integration. However, methodology-oriented research on teachers’ views and work in specific contexts is direly needed so as to gain a deep insight into the methodological commonalities that make CLIL what it is.

Our qualitative study is focused on a two-year monitoring of teachers’ (N=6) views on CLIL implementation in a rural multilingual setting in Galicia. The teachers were monitored by means of interviews held between 2012 and 2014. After being trained, they took part in a CLIL project based on curriculum integration with two different groups of students. The findings reported showed that 1) teachers’ initial views on CLIL implementation turned more positive over the two years; 2) teachers believed that CLIL provides a very good framework for the development of pluriliteracies; 3) their views regarding content learning in CLIL turned more neutral in the course of the two years; and 4) teachers stressed the need for methodology-oriented training.
Genre Analysis: Studying Authorial Stance in the Pakistani Research Articles of Business and Management Sciences
Authors: Bilal Arjamand , Shehzad Wasima
Published: January 2019

The notion of authorial stance has received much attention internationally in recent years which has increased its complexity in terms of its relationship with genre-pedagogy and genre-awareness. Metadiscourse markers are used by academic writers in order to build and maintain relationship with their readers. This is done by use of appropriate language either to influence them or show a certain degree of agreement or disagreement. The present study investigated the stance features as they appeared in the genre of research article introduction section written by seasoned authors. 50 papers from the field of Business and Management Sciences were studied in order to explore the language features projecting authorial stance or author’s voice used by authors. Hyland’s (2005b) Model of Academic Interaction was used to study the authorial stance. The findings showed that the authors used a considerable degree of stance features in their research articles. The study may provide some useful insights regarding teaching the writing of research article, understanding the concepts of genre-competence and genre-production.
Experimental Investigation of the Relationship Between the Yarn Tension and Bobbin Diameter in the Warping Process
Authors: Celik Ozge , Eren Recep
Published: January 2019

Yarns of different types are unwound from bobbins in different processes like warping, weaving, doubling and re-winding. A change in yarn tension from a full to empty bobbin causes serious product quality and machine efficiency problems in processes like weaving and winding. This paper investigates experimentally the relationship between yarn tension and bobbin diameter in the warping process. For this purpose, an experimental set up was built with a laser sensor measuring the bobbin diameter, a tension sensor for measuring yarn tension, a bobbin winding unit, PC, and DAQ card. A software program was developed in the C programming language to read and record the tension and bobbin diameter simultaneously. The unwinding speed and yarn number both had a significant effect on the relationship between the yarn tension and bobbin diameter. The effect of the unwinding speed became more pronounced with yarns getting thicker.
Fabric Defect Detection and Classifier via Multi-Scale Dictionary Learning and an Adaptive Differential Evolution Optimized Regularization Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Wang Chao , Gao Xu , Zhu Zefei , Hu Xudong , Zheng Xiao , Jiang Likai
Published: January 2019

To develop an automatic detection and classifier model for fabric defects, a novel detection and classifier technique based on multi-scale dictionary learning and the adaptive differential evolution algorithm optimised regularisation extreme learning machine (ADE-RELM) is proposed. Firstly in order to speed up dictionary updating under the condition of guaranteeing dictionary sparseness, k-means singular value decomposition (KSVD) dictionary learning is used. Then multi-scale KSVD dictionary learning is presented to extract texture features of textile images more accurately. Finally a unique ADE-RELM is designed to build a defect classifier model. In the training ADE-RELM classifier stage, a self-adaptive mutation operator is used to solve the parameter setting problem of the original differential evolution algorithm, then the adaptive differential evolution algorithm is utilised to calculate the optimal input weights and hidden bias of RELM. The method proposed is committed to detecting common defects like broken warp, broken weft, oil, and the declining warp of grey-level and pure colour fabrics. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional Gabor filter method, morphological operation and local binary pattern, the method proposed in this paper can locate defects precisely and achieve high detection efficiency.
Textile Cover Effect on Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Paraglider Wing
Authors: Maślanka Paulina , Korycki Ryszard
Published: January 2019

Defined herein are the two PA-fabrics covering a paraglider wing, with the comparative object being permeable clothing material. The material parameters of textiles are applied in numerical simulations of aerodynamic characteristics using the program ANSYS. The state variable is the pressure within the airfoil profile. The space model of a paraglider wing and plane model of its cross-section in the symmetry plane are analysed. The model was approximated by the coordinates of crucial points and smoothed by the spline-curves. The visualisation of stream filaments shows that it is advisable to cover the wing with the impermeable fabric.