bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Associations of Phosphorylated Tau 181 and Tau 231 Levels in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Zhirui , Fan Zixuan , Zhang Qian
Published: February 2024

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood biomarkers like phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau) are used to detect Alzheimer’s disease (AD) early. Increasing studies on cognitive function and blood or CSF p-tau levels are controversial. Objective: Our study examined the potential of p-tau as a biomarker of cognitive status in normal control (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant material through 12 January 2023. 5,017 participants from 20 studies—1,033 AD, 2,077 MCI, and 1,907 NC—were evaluated. Quantitative analysis provided continuous outcomes as SMDs with 95% CIs. Begg tested publication bias. Results: MCI patients had lower CSF p-tau181 levels than AD patients (SMD =−0.60, 95% CI (−0.85, −0.36)) but higher than healthy controls (SMD = 0.67). AD/MCI patients had greater plasma p-tau181 levels than healthy people (SMD =−0.73, 95% CI (−1.04, −0.43)). MCI patients had significantly lower p-tau231 levels than AD patients in plasma and CSF (SMD =−0.90, 95% CI (−0.82, −0.45)). MCI patients showed greater CSF and plasma p-tau231 than healthy controls (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI (0.89, 1.79) and 0.43, (0.23, 0.64)). Plasma p-tau181/231 levels also distinguished the three categories. MCI patients had higher levels than healthy people, while AD patients had higher levels than MCI patients. Conclusions: CSF p-tau181 and p-tau231 biomarkers distinguished AD, MCI, and healthy populations. Plasma-based p-tau181 and p-tau231 biomarkers for AD and MCI need further study.
Preliminary application of real-time shear wave elastography to evaluate endometrial receptivity and predict pregnancy outcome
Authors: Yu Cai-Cha , Jiao Yan , Wang Jia-Jia , Zhao Xiao-Si , Chen Lei
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Endometrial receptivity is crucial for the establishment of a healthy pregnancy outcome. Previous research on endometrial receptivity primarily examined endometrial thickness, endometrial echo types, and endometrial blood supply. OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences in the elastic modulus of the endometrium in women with various pregnancy outcomes by real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) and to investigate its application value in evaluation of endometrial receptivity. METHODS: A total of 205 pregnant women who were admitted at Wenzhou People’s Hospital between January 2021 and December 2022 were selected. Three-dimensional transvaginal sonography and real-time shear wave elastography were performed in the proliferative phase and receptive phase of the endometrium, and the average elastic modulus of the endometrium in the two phases was obtained and compared. According to whether the pregnancy was successful or not, the participants were divided into the pregnancy group (n= 72) and non-pregnancy group (n= 133), and the differences in intimal thickness, 3D blood flow parameters, and average elastic modulus of intima were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The average elastic modulus of the endometrium in the proliferative phase and receptive phase was (23.92 ± 2.31) kPa and (11.82 ± 2.24) kPa, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant P< 0.05. The average elastic modulus of the endometrium in the pregnancy group and non-pregnancy group was (9.97 ± 1.08) kPa and (12.82 ± 2.06) kPa, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant P< 0.05. The area under the curve of predicting pregnancy by the average elastic modulus of the endometrium in the receptive phase was 0.888 (0.841∼0.934), with corresponding P value < 0.05. The critical value was 11.15, with a corresponding sensitivity of 81.7% and specificity of 78.2%. CONCLUSION: Real-time shear wave elastography can quantitatively evaluate endometrial elasticity, indirectly reflect the endometrial phase, and provide a new diagnostic concept for evaluating endometrial receptivity and predicting pregnancy outcome in infertile patients.
Detection of anemic condition in patients from clinical markers and explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Darshan B.S. Dhruva , Sampathila Niranjana , Bairy Muralidhar G. , Belurkar Sushma , Prabhu Srikanth , Chadaga Krishnaraj
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Anaemia is a commonly known blood illness worldwide. Red blood cell (RBC) count or oxygen carrying capability being insufficient are two ways to describe anaemia. This disorder has an impact on the quality of life. If anaemia is detected in the initial stage, appropriate care can be taken to prevent further harm. OBJECTIVE: This study proposes a machine learning approach to identify anaemia from clinical markers, which will help further in clinical practice. METHODS: The models are designed with a dataset of 364 samples and 12 blood test attributes. The developed algorithm is expected to provide decision support to the clinicians based on blood markers. Each model is trained and validated on several performance metrics. RESULTS: The accuracy obtained by the random forest, K nearest neighbour, support vector machine, Naive Bayes, xgboost, and catboost are 97%, 98%, 95%, 95%, 98% and 97% respectively. Four explainers such as Shapley Additive Values (SHAP), QLattice, Eli5 and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) are explored for interpreting the model predictions. CONCLUSION: The study provides insights into the potential of machine learning algorithms for classification and may help in the development of automated and accurate diagnostic tools for anaemia.
The commercially available oral rinse vs. curcumin photosensitizers in an artificial mouth model mimicking their use after meals on early colonizers single species biofilm: An in vitro study
Authors: Zeeshan Tayyaba , Qamar Zeeshan , Abdul Nishath Sayed , Soman Cristalle , Bamousa Badr , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Commercially available oral rinses contain active ingredients with concentration that is claimed by manufacturers to be effective as antiplaque agent. To date there has been no mention of the effect of oral rinse on the adherence of early plaque colonizers in plaque formation and the concentration to be used before/after meals. OBJECTIVE: The chief aim of the study was to evaluate microbial retention on the salivary pellicle on treatment with oral rinses (CHX & EO)/PS (mimicking after meals use of mouth wash/PS). METHODS: Noordini’s Artifical Mouth model was used for developing the single species biofilm with early microbial colonizers of oral biofilm (A. viscosus, Strep. mitis and Strep. sanguinis respectively). The microbial retention on use of oral rinses comprising of CHX and EO as an active ingredients respectively was compared with Curcumin PS. For evaluating the microbial retention, the pellicle with microbial inoculation was developed on the glass beads in the mouth model. Subsequently the respective single specie biofilm was exposed to the mouth wash and PS after inoculation. It mimicked as use of mouth wash/PS after meals. The bacterial count in the dental biofilm was evaluated on serial dilution (CFU/ml). Sterile deionized water was used as a negative control. For qualitative analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the microbial count. RESULTS: From the data it was observed that for the treatment of single species experimental biofilm with commercially available mouth rinses (CHX & EO) and PS (curcumin), there was significant retention for S.mitis, S.sanguinis and A.viscosus. There was no significant difference observed between PS and CHX treated single species biofilm. Whereas a significant difference was observed between EO treated biofilms and CHX/PS treated biofilms (p⩽ 0.05). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded from the results that curcumin PS and CHX should not be used after meals whereas EO containing mouth rinse can be used to maintain the oral mocroflora.
To Publish Scientific Journals: For Some, the Big Business of the Century
Authors: Domingo Jose L
Published: February 2024

This brief commentary addresses the escalating issues within the scientific publishing industry. The author highlights the proliferation of predatory journals and the adoption of similar profit-driven models by established publishers. He points out the ethical dilemma posed by Gold Open Access (OA) journals, which charge significant Article Publishing Charges (APC) to authors while not compensating peer reviewers. The commentary underscores the resulting strain on the peer-review process, with a decline in the availability and quality of reviewers. The author observes a shift from the traditional reciprocal peer-review system to one burdened by challenges, including shortened review deadlines, reliance on less experienced reviewers, and instances of manuscripts being unreviewed. He advocates for compensating reviewers if authors are charged for publication, warning that the current system risks the integrity of peer-reviewed research. Finally, the commentary applauds initiatives like the resignation of editorial board members from Elsevier journals to start non-profit journals, urging scientific communities to regain control of scholarly publishing.
Perkawinan Beda Agama Pada Penghayat Kepercayaan Sunda Wiwitan Ditinjau Dari Hukum Islam Dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan
Authors: Drajat Muhammad Rifqi Rafi , Utami Vidya Khairina
Published: February 2024

Ikatan lahir dan batin yang dilakukan oleh sepasang perempuan dan laki-laki dengan adanya tujuan mempunyai keturunan disebut perkawinan. Undang-Undang Perkawinan mengatur bahwasanya Sah nya perkawinan mesti diadakan berdasarkan aturan kepercayaan atau agama yang dianut. Sunda Wiwitan sebagai sebuah kepercayaanÂ  mempunyai iman untuk tidak melarang terjadinya perkawinan bagi pasangan yang berlainan keyakinan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah guna melihat aktualisasi dari sahnya perkawinan beda agama antara agama Islam dengan penghayat kepercayaan Sunda Wiwitan dan akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai ialah metode analisis yuridis kualitatif, yakni menggabungkan data sekunder berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan dan data primer hasil wawancara di daerah asli kepercayaan Sunda Wiwitan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pertama, status keabsahan perkawinan beda agama pada penganut Islam dengan Sunda Wiwitan ialah tidak sah secara hukum agama Islam, tetapi sah menurut aturan kepercayaan Sunda Wiwitan dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan sebagai hukum negara. Kedua, mengenai akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan adalah hukum Islam sudut pandangnya berbeda dengan Undang-Undang Perkawinan, yang dimana secara kedudukan anak menjadi anak hasil Zina danÂ  pewarisan yang dilakukan juga akan berdasarkan dari garis keturunan ibu, sedangkan dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan memandang bahwasanya anak yang dihasilkan ialah anak yang berada di luar perkawinan di mata negara dan sebagai ahli waris akan mengikuti garis ibu.
Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro kecil Menengah Gipang Magelaran Cilik Kota Serang Berbasis Pelestarian Resep Turun Temurun Dalam Menunjang Perekonomian
Authors: Purwaningsih Endang , Basrowi Basrowi
Published: February 2024

Magelaran Cilik merupakan suatu kampung terletak di Kota Serang, dengan keunikan nama kelurahannya yakni kelurahan Masjid Priyayi. Banyak pelaku UMKM makanan tradisional layaknya home industry, dan mengolah makanan dengan cara konvensional, begitu pula dengan manajemen dan pemasarannya. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian normatif terapan yakni menggabungkan data sekunder dengan hasil pengamatan dan wawancara dengan narasumber yang berhubungan dengan objek penelitianÂ  serta mencarikan solusi hukumnya, dalam hal ini pemerintah kelurahan Masjid Priyayi, Tetua UMKM Magelaran Cilik sekaligus sebagai Ketua Koperasi, serta pelaku UMKM sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan pelaku UMKM Magelaran Cilik yang dilakukan adalah meningkatkan peran koperasi dalam membantu memperoleh bahan baku, dan dinas terkait yang selama ini berbentuk bantuan fasilitasi program pelatihan dan beberapa perolehan legalitas. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah permodalan, digital marketing dan inovasi produk. Perlindungan resep turun temurun dilakukan guna melestarikan warisan nenek moyang, menjadi kunci dalam setiap memproduksi. Inovasi produk belum banyak dilakukan, termasuk varian rasa, resep baru maupun desain.
Evolution of family relationship in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Osmonova Dinara , Talgarbekova Elnura , Tashtanbekova Marzhan , Moldoshova Assol , Anastassiadi Anna
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the observed changes in the structure, role models, and functions of the family in Kyrgyzstan over the last decade. Consequently, there is a need to form beliefs and values that may qualitatively differ from previous ones and influence the socialisation of the younger generation in the process of creating new family institutions. The purpose of the study is to clarify the role and conduct a deep analysis of various aspects, such as psychological, biological, religious studies, and others, to identify patterns and problems that people face in marriage, and to provide recommendations for improving individual well-being. Among the methods used, statistical, analytical, comparative, and others are noteworthy. The study on the evolution of family relations, covering various aspects, provides important conclusions about changes in this context. It presents an increase in the diversity of family structures, with some remaining more traditional and others being more adaptive to modern changes. It was found that education and migration play a key role in shaping family relations, influencing partner choices and family decisions. Religious and philosophical beliefs remain important factors shaping family values. The study highlights the impact of biological factors, such as health and genetics, on family decisions, especially in the context of childbirth and child-rearing. All aspects collectively provide a deep understanding of how family relationships evolve in contemporary Kyrgyzstan. The practical value of the study lies in the development of adaptive family policies, educational programs, support for family counselling, and psychological assistance to strengthen families
Criminalistic support of combating iatrogenic criminal offenses: Information system prospects
Authors: Shevchuk Viktor , Kapustina Mariietta , Zatenatskyi Dmytro , Kostenko Maryna , Kolesnikova Inna
Published: February 2024

The research relevance is stipulated by the negative dynamics of the increase in the number of iatrogenic offences in Ukraine and the need to update the criminalistic support tools to effectively counteract these types of acts. Given this, the study aims to explore the prospects for developing an information system for recording cases of defects in the provision of medical care in Ukraine to promptly detect and investigate criminal offences in the field of medical practice. Various research methods were used, including analysis, synthesis, comparison, structural and functional, statistical, formal, and legal, and deduction. The study identifies the factors that necessitate the development of an information system for registering and studying cases of inadequate medical care to patients. In addition, the author examines the experience of Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, France, and other European countries in ensuring the operation of mechanisms for recording and reporting on adverse effects caused by defects in the provision of medical care. The advantages of information systems in the context of combating iatrogenic criminal offences are also revealed and proposals for the implementation of such mechanisms in Ukraine are developed. The study pays special attention to establishing the essence of iatrogenic criminal offences and identifying their specific features which create difficulties for the investigation of criminal offences in the field of medical activity since they are latent. The results obtained in the course of the study should be used to improve the competence of criminal justice officials whose activities are aimed at conducting pre-trial investigations of iatrogenic criminal offences through the use of innovative criminalistic tools
Prospects for the legalization of cryptocurrency in Ukraine, based on the experience of other countries
Authors: Spytska Liana
Published: February 2024

Presently, legal circles, both among theorists and practitioners, are particularly concerned about the legalisation of cryptocurrencies and transactions with them according to the current legislation. For this reason, the purpose of this work was to study approaches and methods to legalisation of income derived from cryptocurrency speculation based on the provisions of the tax legislation of Ukraine. A theoretical analysis of the general concepts under study was conducted, which in turn formed the object of this study. The common and distinctive features of the researched concepts were identified, thus establishing the relationship and dependence between them. As for the practical aspects, the study revealed them in the analysis of particular regulations, namely, the specific features of their implementation. Positions and opinions of various scholars on it were compared, which allowed for a qualitative coverage of ways to legalise the income that citizens receive from cryptocurrency speculation. On the basis of the analyzed scientific publications, the most successful and suitable for implementation in Ukraine, the experience of other countries, in particular the USA and Canada, has been determined. It has been proven that the legalization of citizens’ incomes received from cryptocurrency transactions is a necessary process for the economic development of the state.The practical value of the study lies in the fact that it can be used both by scholars, in the context of the primary source for further study of this issue, and by lawyers whose activities are related to cryptocurrencies. The scientific value of this study was covered in the description of effective approaches to transactions with income generated by cryptocurrencies, which have not yet been studied to the required level
FAKTOR RISIKO INTRAPERSONAL NYERI PINGGANG BAWAH PADA PERAWAT DI TEMPAT KERJA: SYSTEMATICAL REVIEW
Authors: Astuti Martha Sri
Published: February 2024

Prevalensi nyeri punggung (NPB) bawah dari tahun 2008-2019 tetap berkisar 14% hingga 90%.  Penyebab utamanya adalah posisi yang tidak ergonomis.  Posisi kerja professional perawat yang tidak ergonomis menyebabkannya mempunyai risiko tinggi.  Sebagian NPB berlangsung lebih lama dan kronis.  Nyeri kronis secara individu dipengaruhi faktor psikologis, lingkungan dan lainnya.  Diperlukan penelitian untuk mendapatkan faktor risiko NPB pada perawat di tempat kerja.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikan faktor risiko intrapersonal nyeri pinggang bawah pada perawat di tempat kerja.  Metode penelitian adalah systematic review. Penelitian menggunakan checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA).  Pencarian sistematis dengan kata kunci pencarian low back pain, ners, RCT, Quasi-experimental, Qualitative analysis dan Prospective longitudinal study dalam kurun waktu tahun 2013-2022 dicari di Science Direct, Medline, Pubmed, dan Proquest.  Hasil penelitian dari 24 penelitian yang terjaring didapatkan 13 faktor risiko intrapersonal, terdiri dari 2 yang tidak bisa diubah (usia dan jenis kelamin) dan 11 yang bisa diubah (BMI, pengetahuan ergonomic, pengetahuan NPB, NPB sebelumnya, Riwayat operasi, keyakinan kerja yang menyebabkan sakit, stress, kelelahan, insomnia, kepuasan kerja, dan pengalaman kerja).  Kesimpulan penelitian didapatkan 13 faktor risiko intrapersonal pada perawat di tempat kerja.  Hasil ini bisa dijadikan dasar program promotive NPB pada perawat untuk menurunkan prevalensi NPB pada perawat.
ОЦІНКА ВМІСТУ ДЕЯКИХ БІОЛОГІЧНО АКТИВНИХ РЕЧОВИН У ШИШКОЯГОДАХ РОСЛИН JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS ІЗ ПРИРОДНИХ ПОПУЛЯЦІЙ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ КАРПАТ
Authors: Клепач Галина Миколаївна , Новіченко Іванна Володимирівна , Волошанська Світлана Ярославівна
Published: February 2024

Анотація. Шишкоягоди Juniperus сommunis є важливою лікарською рослинною сировиною завдяки високому вмісту біологічно важливих речовин, які зумовлюють її терапевтичний ефект, а також фармакологічну активність препаратів, екстрактів, біологічно активних добавок (БАДів), фіточаїв, виготовлених на її основі. Якісний і кількісний склад лікарської сировини може змінюватись залежно від генетичної структури популяції та ґрунтово-кліматичних умов зростання рослин, через що вміст біологічно важливих речовин у кожному зборі потрібно постійно контролювати. Оцінено вміст деяких біологічно-активних речовин у шишкоягодах рослин J. сommunis, які зростають на території Львівської області у п’яти різних локаціях нижнього гірського поясу Українських Карпат. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз загального вмісту поліфенолів, аскорбінової кислоти та каротину в шишкоягодах J. сommunis 2019–2023 років збору. Виявлено, що сумарний вміст поліфенолів і аскорбінової кислоти в шишкоягодах J. сommunis має сезонну варіативність. Визначено, що сумарний вміст поліфенолів (метод Фоліна – Чокальтеу, у перерахунку на галову кислоту (GA)), екстрагованих 70% етанолом із подрібнених шишкоягід, варіює в широкому діапазоні – від 200 ± 10 до 340 ± 20 мг GA/г абсолютно сухої маси (АСМ). Вміст аскорбінової кислоти в шишкоягодах ялівцю варіює у вужчому діапазоні значень – від 1,11 ± 0,05 до 1,48 ± 0,07 мг/г АСМ. Вміст каротину у зборах шишкоягід J. сommunis 2019–2023 років є незначним, у середньому становить 2,36 ± 0,11 мкг/г АСМ, сезонна та популяційна мінливість не спостерігається. З’ясовано, що шишкоягоди рослин J. сommunis, які зростають на території Львівської області в різних локаціях Українських Карпат, різняться вмістом поліфенолів в 1,25–1,7 рази й аскорбіновою кислотою – в 1,33 рази, але не каротином.
The costs and benefits of publicising species discoveries.
Authors: Ryan Gerard , Nicholson Emily , Baker Christopher , McCarthy Michael
Published: February 2024

Public information about where species are found can influence what happens to them – from building support to protect their habitat, to telling poachers where to find a target. Recent heated scientific debate about whether to release information about species’ locations when new species or populations are found have highlighted the trade-off between the risk of damage or loss versus the benefits of funding and public support. But no research so far has considered how such decisions are actually made, and no decision tools easily compare a range of decision-making scenarios. Here we present a simple decision tool to compare the costs and benefits of decisions about the disclosure of information about newly-discovered species and populations. We implement our method for seven ongoing conservation projects, where information about a species is currently completely or partially secret. We ask decision-makers to estimate the costs and benefits associated these case studies, and apply our method to them. The method is a structured but flexible approach to making decisions about whether to publicised the discovery of species, and one that can allow the process of decision-making to be transparent and easily communicated if needs be.
Pelatihan Packaging Teh Herbal dari Bahan Alam Desa Namo Sialang Kabupaten Langkat Sumatera Utara
Authors: Julianti Elisa , Irni Julaili , Zuliyanti Ameilia , Batubara Ridwanti , Pinem Laura Juita , Pratomo Bayu
Published: February 2024

This community service program aims to increase the knowledge and skills of Women in Namo Sialang Village, packaging herbal tea products produced by processing natural ingredients like rose, tawar and sembur (made from special spices and herbs from the community). The method for implementing this service used participatory training with activities including socialization and assistance with product packaging. The number of participants involved was 20, consisting of a Women Group named "NandeTa". The evaluation instrument used in this activity was a questionnaire, which was analyzed descriptively. The results of the service showed that there had been an increase in the knowledge and skills of "NandeTa" in packaging the herbal tea that had been produced. Apart from that, "NandeTa" also became aware that packaging was one attraction that stimulates consumer buying interest, especially in tourist areas.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KAS UNTUK MENCEGAH KEGAGALAN KEUANGAN RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Badria Nuril , Hasanah Naimatul , Rohmah Dikri Minatur , Riqi Hawi , Alan Tri Setyo Budi
Published: February 2024

Household financial management is the family's efforts to plan, implement, monitor and control the acquisition and use of family economic resources. Household financial management through simple bookkeeping is an important approach in managing family finances wisely. By recording income, identifying expenses, and planning a budget, families can control spending, increase savings, and achieve financial goals more efficiently. This service activity was carried out in Kalipare Village, Pitrang Hamlet. The majority of mothers in Kalipare village work as housewives so their income only comes from one source, namely their husband's salary. On the other hand, housewives never do simple bookkeeping in managing their finances, so their expenses are often greater than their income. Based on this problem, community service was carried out to the Kalipare village community to assist and provide outreach and education regarding cash management. This service aims to increase people's insight into the importance of financial management in the household so that failure in managing household finances does not occur. The methods used in socializing household finances are socialization methods, counseling methods, training and discussion methods, and evaluation. The results of household cash management outreach activities for the people of Pitrang hamlet are reducing problems in managing household finances and being able to help the community in preparing simple bookkeeping.
Regulasi Hukum Terhadap Pemidanaan Orang Yang Melakukan Kohabitasi (Kumpul Kebo)
Authors: Sholikah Ana , Hidayati Rahmatul , Parmono Budi , Muhibbin Muh , Ilmania Nurika Falah
Published: February 2024

Kohabitasi (kumpul kebo) merupakan perbuatan yang melanggar secara yuridis dan norma-norma sosial hukum pidana yang dijalankan di Negara Indonesia. Penelitian disusun untuk mengetahui aturan hukum bagi pelaku kohabitasi dan perbandingan kohabitasi Menurut KUHP Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Darurat 1951 tentang Tindakan-tindakan Sementara Untuk Menyelenggarakan Kesatuan Susunan Kekuasaan dan Acara Pengadilan Sipil. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan teknik pendekatan terhadap undang-undang. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa di dalam pengaturan tidak dijumpai kebijakan formulasi eksplisit tentang kohabitasi dalam KUHP/WvS. Pengaturan hukum terhadap pelaku kohabitasi tertuang pada Pasal 412 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tetapi belum diberlakukan. Sehingga pengaturan hukum bagi pelaku kohabitasi menggunakan Yurisprudensi, akan tetapi hanya daerah tertentu saja yang menggunakannya.
Kata Kunci : Pengaturan; Akibat Hukum; Kohabitasi.
Criminal Conflict Analysis: Factors Causing Criminal Acts in TIPIKOR and TPPUU Cases (Decision Number 06/Pid.Sus-TPK/2022/PN.Bjm)
Authors: Syahilla Vabiola , Widowaty Yeni
Published: February 2024

The compounding of criminal acts of TIPIKOR and TPPU is not a new thing, there are several previous studies that discuss this matter but in mining cases there has been no deeper discussion, this makes the author interested in researching related to the compounding of criminal acts in TIPIKOR and TPPU in the mining sector. This research aims to obtain knowledge related to the factors of concurrent criminal acts in TIPIKOR and TPPU in the mining sector. This research is a normative juridical research. The results of the research are: the factors causing concurrent criminal acts, namely TIPIKOR and TPPU in the mining sector based on the author's analysis in verdict number 06/pid.sus-tpk/2022/pn.bjm, namely the factors of power and opportunity possessed by the perpetrator, which made the perpetrator commit concurrent criminal acts, namely TIPIKOR and TPPU.
Keywords: Conjunction of Criminal Acts; TIPIKOR; TPPU.
HAK ATAS INFORMASITERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN HUKUMBAGI KONSUMEN DALAM JUAL BELIONLINE MELALUI LAZADA
Authors: Wardiono Kelik , Firmansyah Ifan
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konsumen atas hak informasi dalam tranksaksi jual beli online pada E-Commerce Lazada, penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan secara library research dan statute approach. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder yang terdiri dari informasi barang yang diperjualbelikan oleh pelaku usaha pada E-Commerce Lazada.  Data yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan tersebut, setelah diolah, dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode logika deduktif. Berdasarkan dari pembahasan yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa informasi yang terdapat di E-Commerce Lazada belum memberikan perlindungan konsumen, hal ini dikarenakan masih banyak pelaku usaha yang memberikan informasi bertentangan dengan peraturan perlindungan konsumen seperti informasi yang tidak benar, tidak ada jaminan ganti rugi kepada konsumen, fisik barang yang tidak sesuai informasi, serta informasi yang diberikan tidak lengkap.
Sengketa Kewenangan dalam Proses Likuidasi Boedel Pailit antara Kurator dengan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia
Authors: Andrian Andrian
Published: February 2024

The dispute over execution authority between general confiscation in bankruptcy law and criminal confiscation in criminal law is a classic problem that until now has not found a solution because each of these legal dimensions has its own legal certainty. On the criminal law side, criminal confiscation is a natural thing considering the procedural law regulates this matter. Likewise on the side of bankruptcy law, where general confiscation is a juridical consequence of the debtor's bankruptcy determination. This problem then becomes an irony because both general confiscation and criminal confiscation applied in a case are efforts that both uphold the interests of creditors or victims. This study will concentrate on the issue of protecting creditors from the problem of overlapping authorities to liquidate estates in bankruptcy. Both normative legal research approaches and qualitative analytical techniques will be used in this study. It is intended that this research will not only increase readers' understanding but also serve as a legal construction solution for associated parties to address authority conflicts throughout the liquidation process. estate insolvent.
Keywords: General Confiscation; Criminal Confiscation; Creditor Protection.
Application of Sharing Risk in Musharakah Contracts
Authors: Abdi Muhammad Nur , Hamzah Nasir
Published: February 2024

This study provides new empirical evidence regarding the application of sharing risk in Islamic banking in Indonesia. The focus of this research is to analyze the application of sharing risk in musyarakah financing, formulating sharing risk in musyarakah financing. The research method used is descriptive research which is analyzed qualitatively. Data sources were obtained from employees of Bank Syariah Indonesia account maintenance unit, Risk unit and collection unit, as well as documentation. Data analysis was done by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: 1) the implementation of risk sharing in musharakah financing at Bank Syariah Indonesia has not been fully fulfilled; 2) The risk sharing formulation can be implemented by proposing several improvements including the existence of a communication room where every customer's business development will be reported per period with the concept of joint business, then if a risk occurs it should be included in the communication room so that it can be discussed with both parties to formulate the best steps; Our evidence suggests that regulators further strengthen the Islamic banking system through musharakah contract reform and focus on the risk sharing system, especially the contracting parties.
The Happy Healthy Cow
Authors:   , Scheurwater Josje
Published: February 2024

This thesis is about the use of sensor data to get more insight into the welfare and health of dairy cows. Sensors could provide information about the behaviour of each individual animal 24/7, not only when housed in a stable but also outside in the field. In Chapters 2 and 3, commercially available sensors around the leg and neck are used to measure the time a cow spent eating, ruminating, lying, walking and standing. Chapter 2 demonstrates that in the temperate maritime climate of the Netherlands, a climatic temperature above 12°C leads to heat stress and a change in behaviour of cows. In Chapter 3, it is shown that cow introductions in dairy herds negatively affect milk production and the behaviour of the other animals already in the herd. Chapters 4 and 5, focus on the development of a sensor measuring pressure and temperature inside the stomach of a cow. A properly contracting forestomach complex is very important for the health of dairy cows. With such a sensor, behaviours such as rumination can be detected, based on the contraction patterns of the stomach. The sensor provides a reliable instrument to measure drinking and changes in drinking patterns in detail as well. Sensors can be valuable tools to monitor cows continuously on a large scale during their normal behaviour and generate data that can be used to learn more about the health and happiness of dairy cows.
Hippocampus-dependent retrieval and hippocampus-independent extinction of place avoidance navigation, and stress-induced out-of-context activation of a memory revealed by reversible lesion experiments in rats.
Authors: Ježek K , Wesierska M , Fenton AA
Published: February 2024

The use of reversible lesion techniques in memory research was pioneered in the laboratory of Jan Bureš and Olga Burešova. We use the occasion of Jan’s 75th birthday to briefly review the experimental utility of this approach. Two experiments from our current research are reported in which reversible lesioning methods are used to ask otherwise experimentally untenable questions about memory retrieval. The first experiment used intra-hippocampal injections of tetrodotoxin to temporarily inactivate the hippocampus during retrieval of a well-learned place avoidance navigation memory. This revealed that the hippocampus is necessary for place avoidance retrieval but that the extinction of place avoidance can occur independently of retrieving the memory and intact hippocampal function. The second experiment used KCl-induced cortical spreading depression in an interhippocampal transfer paradigm to demonstrate that a Y-maze memory that is learned by only one cortical hemisphere can be made to transfer to the other hemisphere by forcing the rat to swim, a unique stressful experience that occurred in a different apparatus, different behavioral context, and involved different behaviors than the Y-maze training. This demonstrates, we believe for the first time behaviorally, that memories can be activated outside of the behavioral context of their acquisition and expression in rats.
Changes in extracellular space volume and geometry induced by cortical spreading depression in immature and adult rats.
Authors: Mazel T , Richter F , Vargová L , Syková E
Published: February 2024

Changes in extracellular space (ECS) diffusion parameters, DC potentials and extracellular potassium concentration were studied during single and repeated cortical spreading depressions (SD) in 13-15 (P13-15), 21 (P21) and 90-day-old (adult) Wistar rats. The real-time iontophoretic method using tetramethylammonium (TMA+)-selective microelectrodes was employed to measure three ECS parameters in the somatosensory cortex: the ECS volume fraction  ( = ECS volume/total tissue volume), ECS tortuosity  (increase in diffusion path length) and the nonspecific TMA+ uptake k’. SD was elicited by needle prick. SD was significantly longer at P13-15 than at P21 and in adults. During SD,  in all age groups decreased from 0.21-0.23 to 0.05-0.09;  increased from 1.55-1.65 to 1.95-2.07. Ten minutes after SD,  (in adults) and  (all age groups) increased compared to controls. This increase persisted even 1 hour after SD. When SD was repeated at 1 hour intervals, both  and  showed a gradual cumulative increase with SD repetition. Our study also shows that cortical SD is, as early as P13, accompanied by severe ECS shrinkage and increased diffusion path length (tortuosity) with values similar to adults, followed by a long-lasting increase in ECS volume and tortuosity when compared to pre-SD values.
Variability of mammary carcinogenesis induction in female Sprague-Dawley and Wistar:Han rats: the effect of season and age.
Authors: Kubatka P , Ahlersová E , Ahlers I , Bojková B , Kalická K , Adámeková E , Marková M , Chamilová M , Čermáková M
Published: February 2024

It is important to determine and clarify the variability of mammary carcinogenesis induction in animal experimental studies particularly in connection with chemoprevention projects. The circannual seasonal rhythms of hormone levels or various parameters within the immune system may involve factors participating in mammary gland carcinogenesis. In our study, 19 experiments were conducted and all of them lasted for about 25 weeks after chemical carcinogen administration (DMBA or NMU) under standard laboratory conditions. Females of two rat strains - a medium susceptible Sprague-Dawley strain and a very low susceptible Wistar:Han were used. We observed not only the effect of seasonal changes but also the effect of age after single or repeated carcinogen administration. The seasonal dependence of mammary carcinogenesis with higher tumor incidence during long days in comparison with winter short days has been demonstrated in Sprague-Dawley rats. In experiments on the Wistar:Han strain, certain features of seasonal character were recorded, although the very low susceptibility of this strain to mammary carcinogenesis might have influenced the results. A limited period of carcinogen administration in early puberty around postnatal days 43-46 (higher susceptibility), when compared to the period after postnatal day 50, is the factor significantly increasing incidence and frequency of mammary carcinogenesis in the Sprague-Dawley strain. Our results indicate the need to consider the effect of season and age of animals at the time of carcinogen administration on rat mammary carcinogenesis induction. However, the application of the results obtained in one strain of experimental animals may only lead to misleading conclusions.
A perspective on FAIR quality control in multiplexed imaging data processing
Authors: Vierdag Wouter-Michiel A. M. , Saka Sinem K.
Published: February 2024

Multiplexed imaging approaches are getting increasingly adopted for imaging of large tissue areas, yielding big imaging datasets both in terms of the number of samples and the size of image data per sample. The processing and analysis of these datasets is complex owing to frequent technical artifacts and heterogeneous profiles from a high number of stained targets To streamline the analysis of multiplexed images, automated pipelines making use of state-of-the-art algorithms have been developed. In these pipelines, the output quality of one processing step is typically dependent on the output of the previous step and errors from each step, even when they appear minor, can propagate and confound the results. Thus, rigorous quality control (QC) at each of these different steps of the image processing pipeline is of paramount importance both for the proper analysis and interpretation of the analysis results and for ensuring the reusability of the data. Ideally, QC should become an integral and easily retrievable part of the imaging datasets and the analysis process. Yet, limitations of the currently available frameworks make integration of interactive QC difficult for large multiplexed imaging data. Given the increasing size and complexity of multiplexed imaging datasets, we present the different challenges for integrating QC in image analysis pipelines as well as suggest possible solutions that build on top of recent advances in bioimage analysis.
RE:SLAB—a load bearing system for open-ended component reuse in building structures
Authors: Estrella Xavier , Muresan Alex , Brütting Jan , Redaelli Dario , Fivet Corentin
Published: February 2024

The construction industry plays a major role in the high levels of greenhouse gas emissions, resource consumption, and waste generation observed nowadays. Key to the circular economy, structural component reuse arises as a promising solution to divert construction waste from landfilling and avoid the production of new components. In this context, this paper presents the conceptual design of a new slab-and-column system called “Re:Slab”, optimized for disassembly and open-ended reassembly over multiple building lifespans. Beyond conventional considerations of modular sizing and reversible connections, the proposed system provides designers with a minimum kit of parts that is capable of exceptionally diverse building layouts–e.g., related to floor geometry, span between supports, applied loads, and spatial transformations. Attention is given to easily operable assembly and disassembly techniques, embodied environmental impacts, and manufacturing costs. As a result, the proposed system reaches unprecedented high levels of versatility, making it capable of adapting to future functional design requirements that are hard to predict over long-term social developments. Options for increased economic viability are identified, which are necessary to promote widespread adoption of the system.
The significance of gut microbiota in the etiology of autoimmune hepatitis: a narrative review
Authors: Sun Chen , Zhu Dongzi , Zhu Qi , He Zeping , Lou Yichao , Chen Desheng
Published: February 2024

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver that is mediated by autoimmunity and has complex pathogenesis. Its prevalence has increased globally. Since the liver is the first organ to be exposed to harmful substances, such as gut-derived intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, gut health is closely related to liver health, and the “liver-gut axis” allows abnormalities in the gut microbiota to influence the development of liver-related diseases such as AIH. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its resultant disruption of the intestinal barrier and microbial transport are involved in multiple ways in the disruption of immune homeostasis and inflammation, thereby influencing the development of AIH. In terms of the mechanisms involved in immune, the gut microbiota or its metabolites, which is decreased in secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and polyamines, and increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), tryptophan metabolite, amino acid, and bile acid, can disrupt immune homeostasis by activating various immune cells and immune-related signaling pathways, resulting in aberrant activation of the immune system. Clarifying this mechanism has significant clinical implications for the treatment of AIH with drugs that target intestinal microbiota and related signaling pathways. Therefore, this narrative review summarizes the progress in exploring the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of AIH, with the aim of helping to improve the precise targeting of therapeutic treatments against AIH for the benefit of clinical AIH treatment.
Exploring the relationship between intestinal microbiota and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: insights from the “lung and large intestine stand in exterior-interior relationship” theory
Authors: Li Luwei , Zhong Hongmei , Wang Yajie , Pan Zongying , Xu Shumei , Li Shuai , Zeng Guilin , Zhang Weiwei , Li Jie , He Lang
Published: February 2024

Objective

This study is aim to discern the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome classifications relevant to immunotherapy sensitive in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to delineate intestinal microbiota biomarkers and impact that wield influence over the efficacy of NSCLC immunotherapy, grounded in the TCM theory of “lung and large intestine stand in exterior-interior relationship.”

Methods

The study cohort consisted of patients with advanced NSCLC who received treatment at the Oncology Department of Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital. These patients were categorized into distinct TCM syndrome types and subsequently administered immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), specifically PD-1 inhibitors. Stool specimens were collected from patients both prior to and following treatment. To scrutinize the differences in microbial gene sequences and species of the intestinal microbiota, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology was employed. Additionally, peripheral blood samples were collected, and the analysis encompassed the assessment of T lymphocyte subsets and myeloid suppressor cell subsets via flow cytometry. Subsequently, alterations in the immune microenvironment pre- and post-treatment were thoroughly analyzed.

Results

The predominant clinical manifestations of advanced NSCLC patients encompassed spleen-lung Qi deficiency syndrome and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome. Notably, the latter exhibited enhanced responsiveness to ICIs with a discernible amelioration of the immune microenvironment. Following ICIs treatment, significant variations in microbial abundance were identified among the three strains: Clostridia, Lachnospiraceae, and Lachnospirales, with a mutual dependency relationship. In the subset of patients manifesting positive PD-L1 expression and enduring therapeutic benefits, the study recorded marked increases in the ratios of CD3+%, CD4+%, and CD4+/CD8+ within the T lymphocyte subsets. Conversely, reductions were observed in the ratios of CD8%, Treg/CD4+, M-MDSC/MDSC, and G-MDSC/MDSC.

Conclusion

The strains Clostridia, Lachnospiraceae, and Lachnospirales emerge as potential biomarkers denoting the composition of the intestinal microbiota in the NSCLC therapy. The immunotherapy efficacy of ICIs markedly accentuates in patients displaying durable treatment benefits and those expressing positive PD-L1.