bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penegakan Hukum Oleh Kepolisian Resor Tanjung Jabung Barat terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penadahan
Authors: Wardani Retno Kusumawardani , Yuneida Setly Selva
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, there are many criminal acts committed by humans to achieve the desired goals, including committing criminal acts of holding goods resulting from criminal acts. The research method used in this study is empirical juridical so that it examines first related to the occurrence of criminal acts of detention in Tanjung Jabung Barat, then linked to the legal rules regarding detention, namely Article 480 of the Criminal Code (KUHP) is descriptive and the source is library research (liberty research) and field research (field research). In this study, the approach used is socio-legal research and the data analysis is qualitative analysis. The results of this study explain that law enforcement by the Tanjung Jabung Barat Resort Police against perpetrators of criminal acts of detention is not maximally carried out in accordance with the provisions/procedures of law enforcement officers, both at the level of investigation, prosecution and at the level of court judge decisions. Because it involves actors with a well-organized network. The obstacle faced is the provisions of Article 12 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code which only regulates the general maximum law and the general minimum law which causes the judge's decision to be weak (depending on the judge only) so that the possibility of a sense of deterrence for the perpetrators of detention is very far away and due to factors it is difficult to find and identify places of detention, the detention is carried out because it has a hidden or hidden network and has a very neat cooperation, making it difficult to uncover and trace it and the efforts made to overcome the obstacles are to take strict action by law who is proven to have held detention, by seek to provide a more severe punishment, conduct raids in places/shops suspected of buying stolen goods, pawnshops and so on, approaches through religion, counseling in the field of law and so on.
Pertimbangan Hakim Menjatuhkan Hukuman Pidana Bersyarat terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Jumadi Jumadi , Indrajaya Indrajaya
Published: November 2022

Abstract One of the goals of criminal law is as a social institution that includes several things, namely as part of a social reaction when there is a violation of applicable norms. When the judge's decision by imposing a conditional criminal sentence on narcotics, it often invites debate and dissatisfaction from various parties. The problem of this journal is what is the basis for the judge's consideration of imposing a conditional criminal sentence and what are the inhibiting factors for the application of the judge's decision. This research is an empirical legal research that prioritizes field data using the analytical descriptive specification method. The results of the study that the judge's consideration of imposing a conditional sentence in a narcotics crime case at the Palembang Class IA District Court was based on juridical considerations (legal certainty), namely Article 14a to Article 14f of the Criminal Code, Article 127 paragraph (1) letter c of the Narcotics Law and sociological considerations and philosophical considerations. The inhibiting factors for applying conditional criminal penalties at the Class IA Palembang District Court are the law factor, law enforcement officers, infrastructure, and the cultural factor of the community itself.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Nelayan Pelaku Pengeboman Ikan Diwilayah Perairan Labuhan Bajo Berdasarkan UU No 31 Tahun 2004 Hukum Lingkungan (Studi Kasus Putusan No.02/Pid.Sus/2013/Pn.Lbj)
Authors: Rahmadani Tito , Fadlian Aryo
Published: November 2022

The existence of laws in the life of people in a country, basically can not only be said to be an effort to regulate activities in people's lives, but can also be an effort that can change behavior and thinking in an individual or community group. Indonesia as a country surrounded by the ocean, has a lot of fishery resources that are still not explored and exploited optimally. This fishery regulation is regulated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries. This research is a means for humans to discover facts, existence and develop science. Meanwhile, in this research, which is legal research, it is one of the activities based on certain systematics, methods and thoughts with the aim of being able to study and gain an understanding of the symptoms of the law, and also the path and analysis in depth regarding facts with the law which are then solved with problems derived from the symptoms of the law. The results of this study show that the criminal act of bombing fish is in accordance with what has been considered by the Judge. Fisheries crimes are caused by economic factors, weak morality, weak morals and creeds. The use of explosives used by the defendant is regulated in Ri Law No. 45 of 2009 concerning amendments to RI Law No. 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries.
Intralaboratory testing of the PCR protocol for molecular genetic identification of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus spp
Authors: Shevchenko M. , Tyshkivska N. , Andriychuk A. , Martynenko O. , Tsarenko T.
Published: November 2022

The results of optimization of the Staphylococcus spp. identification protocol by polymerase chain reaction with agarose gel detection and approbation of the protocol with wild strains selected from dogs are presented. Determination of the parameters of specificity and sensitivity of the method was performed on museum strains of cocci S. epidermidis ATCC 14990, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus subsp. aureus UKM B-918, S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 and E. faecalis ATCC 194433. DNA extraction was performed using the IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. The ready PCR mix NEB OneTaq® 2X Master Mix with Standard Buffer was used to prepare the reaction mixture. Primers targeted to the tuf gene region using an amplification product of 370 bp were used for the study. The reaction results were recorded in a 2% agronomic gel with the addition of ethidium bromide at a concentration of 0.5%. The optimal annealing temperature was determined by the temperature gradient method. In a study of the specificity of the method, three museum strains of staphylococci were identified as positive, while strains of other cocci did not give reaction products. The sensitivity study of the method was to detect the amplification product in seven dilutions of bacterial suspension that meet McFarland turbidity standards, the lowest concentration was further diluted 10, 100 and 1,000 times. The last dilution, which showed the presence of the amplification product corresponds to 2×106 CFU in 200 μl of saline used for DNA isolation. PCR protocol was tested on wild staphylococcal strains. Ear and nasal swabs of dogs, as well as washes from the transfer cage were selected for the study. The primary inoculation of the material was carried out on mannitol salt agar, on this medium only the growth of halophilic microorganisms is possible. Growth was found on 17 Petri dishes. The PCR washings of these cups indicated the presence of staphylococci in the test materials. The results of in-laboratory PCR testing indicate that the primer we used gives high indicators of specificity and sensitivity. Our tested technique can be used to confirm the presence of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria in the primary culture of smears taken from dogs.
Key words: PCR, tuf gene, approbation of primers, optimization of primers, dog microflora, Staphylococcus spp.
La evaluación formativa mediada por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
Authors: Avila María Georgina
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo analiza la experiencia educomunicativa de la evaluación entendida como un «proceso formativo» para valorar los aprendizajes del alumnado, durante el cursado virtual de una asignatura de nivel superior de la carrera Tecnicatura Superior en Recursos Humanos de una institución educativa de gestión privada, que funciona en la provincia de Córdoba, República Argentina.
Debido al aislamiento social obligatorio impuesto por la pandemia COVID-19, durante el año lectivo 2020 y 2021, los encuentros presenciales de la asignatura fueron reemplazado por el uso de videoconferencias sincrónicas, desarrollándose actividades de aprendizajes y evaluativas planificadas sobre una estructura procesual (Kaplún, 1998) para incrementar la dificultad y avance en los contenidos. 
Los alumnos demostraron sus aprendizajes en forma gradual mediante la puesta en común de las actividades pautadas. La escucha, la participación y el compromiso del grupo en la videoconferencia resultó fundamental. El docente -tutor-, acompañó, apoyó, facilitó el análisis y la reflexión, para luego construir y compartir, entre todos, el producto social del aprendizaje.
Se observó, que el contacto directo con la situación y el mundo que los rodea, «aprendizaje situado» (Molas Castell, 2018), motivó a los alumnos en sus aprendizajes y compromiso con la tarea, actuando los estudiantes como verdaderos protagonistas, apareciendo el docente y el grupo clase como compañeros-colaboradores en el análisis correspondiente.
De este modo, la evaluación se apartó de la lógica reproductora, midiéndose cualitativamente los aprendizajes, a lo largo del proceso, a partir de sucesivas intervenciones individuales y/o grupales de estudiantes y docente según las actividades pautadas en contextos reales o cercanos al alumnado.
Finalmente, se interpretó que la dinámica del grupo, generó un contexto particular de uso de las TIC Coll (2008), las que fueron el medio que tuvo el grupo y el docente para pensar y compartir sus ideas, sus sentires y sus experiencias.
Fecha de recepción: 23/4/2022Fecha de aceptación: 23/8/2022
Gestión Administrativa y su impacto en el Plan Anual de Compras de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo en 2021
Authors: López Aguilar Washington Patricio , Pérez Arévalo Mario Alejandro
Published: November 2022

Uno de los principales problemas que surgen al llevar a cabo procesos de contratación en entidades públicas en el Ecuador y especialmente en universidades es la inadecuada gestión administrativa, factores que han afectado los niveles de eficiencia en las adquisiciones que se realizan para el normal y correcto funcionamiento de la institución educativa.  En la presente investigación el objetivo principal es analizar la incidencia de la gestión administrativa y su impacto en el plan anual de compras públicas de la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Babahoyo, Para ello se utilizaron métodos analíticos y descriptivos, las técnicas realizadas fueron entrevistas y revisión documental. El resultado de esta información sirvió para identificar la eficiencia y eficacia dentro de los procesos administrativos y especialmente en el área de compras, en la gestión gerencial y en los equipos de trabajo que intervienen en las compras. De acuerdo a los indicadores podemos concluir que la investigación logra un porcentaje alto de eficacia, información que sustenta la incidencia de la gestión administrativa   y su impacto en el plan anual de compras es altamente efectivo, se localiza en la escala  de  Likert  entre bueno  y  excelente, existe relación directa de la gestión administrativa con el grado de cumplimiento del plan anual de compras, el nivel de conocimiento del personal para cumplir con los procesos de compras es alto.
History of the Department of English (1921-2021): An Academic Overview
Authors: Farida Nevin , Chowdhury Qumrul Hasan , Sinha Begum Shahnaz , Bashir Ahmed , Basu Bijoy Lal
Published: November 2022

As the Department of English, University of Dhaka celebrates its centenary in the year 2021, it is vital to look back and take stock of its achievements as well as the challenges it has faced over the years on the way to becoming a premier department for English studies and for English language education in the region. In this paper, we explore the academic history of the department using archival resources and interviews with senior academics who have not only witnessed but also played key roles in the evolution of the department. Based on the available data, we highlight the original motivations of the founders for establishing the department, the key changes in the curriculum and the forces that drove those changes, the academic and administrative structures, the major achievements of its teachers as well as its alumni, and the challenges facing the department today. Overall, the paper provides a few insights which may be useful for those involved in English studies in Bangladesh and other similar historical and social contexts.
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 3-23
Our Lost Seasons of Literary Delight
Authors: Ahsan Syed Badrul
Published: November 2022

Abstract not available
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 104-107
Mother-blaming Tradition and Middle-class Families of Post-war British Society in Peter Shaffer’s Equus
Authors: Hossain Sanjeeda
Published: November 2022

Peter Shaffer in his play Equus, portrays Dora Strang, a mother who allegedly provokes her son Alan to commit the crime of blinding six horses. Critics have labelled her the prime agent culpable for Alan’s misdeed. However, a proper analysis and investigation of the playtext reveals Dora as a victim of social pressures. The socio-economic environment of Shaffer’s Post-war British society relied heavily on Sigmund Freud and his theories on family relationships. The mother-blaming tradition flourished in literature when authors and literary experts misinterpreted Freud’s ideologies and employed them to degrade the mother’s maternal commitments and efforts. They held her responsible for her child’s misconducts. Early critics contended that Peter Shaffer was also following this tradition. However, this paper will show that he somewhat differs from it. Dora was frustrated because she adopted ‘motherhood’ as a full-time job like the majority of British middle class women, according to the contemporary social demands. She invested all her skills and energy in child care by discarding her intellectual and professional growth. Consequently, she became disappointed, and she infused her frustrations in Alan. This eventually showcased delinquency in him. In addition, her husband Frank is equally responsible for their son’s misconduct. In light of Freudian psychoanalysis, this paper studies how Dora’s frustration with her limited life provokes Alan’s misdemeanors. Also, by analyzing Freud’s concept of the Father, it shows how Frank as a father drives Dora towards frustration and Alan towards delinquency.
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 159-172
“I wouldn’t forget a thing like that. Would I?”: Trauma, Testimony, and the Possibility of Healing in Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif”
Authors: Ahsan Rezaul
Published: November 2022

Trauma studies as a discipline came to prominence in the 1990’s. Though Sigmund Freud’s theories constitute its foundation, the eclectic nature of it provides scope for including post-structural, postcolonial, narrative, and sociocultural theories to analyze texts. It analyses the influence of trauma in culture and society and the ways through which trauma is represented. American author Toni Morrison has always been pivotal in representing the subjugation, torture and trauma inflicted upon her African-American community through her works. Apart from that, her works intend to retrieve the forgotten and discredited history of African-Americans in her writings. In “Recitatif,” she explores the institution of racism in an innovative way: her protagonists, Twyla and Roberta, belong to two different ethnicities but she keeps their racial identities concealed by not attaching any racial codes to anyone. While identifying the characters’ ethnicities, the readers come to face their own biases. Simultaneously, they also register the traumatic nature of the narrative. This paper intends to explore “Recitatif” in the light of trauma studies. By doing so, it will delineate Morrison’s view regarding the different modes of trauma that afflict the lives of African-American people.
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 230-243
Multiple Myeloma: Personalised Medicine Based on Pathogenesis
Authors: Yang Wen-Chi , Lin Sheng-Fung , Su Yu-Chieh
Published: November 2022

Multiple myeloma is increasingly being recognised as more than one disease, characterised by marked cytogenetic, molecular, and proliferative heterogeneity. The prognosis is widely varied, ranging from low to very high-risk, based on cytogenetic and molecular studies. Although novel agents, such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators, have been developed, which have improved treatment responses and disease prognosis, multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease. Based on highly sensitive detection tools, such as gene expression profiling and next generation sequence analysis, and the understanding of the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma, many potential agents, including monoclonal antibodies, drug-conjugated antibodies, drugs targeted to molecular abnormalities, microRNA inhibitors or mimics, and immune therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptors T cells and anti-PD1 agents, can be considered personalised therapies. In this paper, multiple myeloma pathogenesis and potential molecular and immunotherapies are reviewed.
Management of Multiply Relapsed Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: New Perspectives
Authors: Yee Karen
Published: November 2022

Patients with refractory/relapsed (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) make up a very heterogeneous population with a poor life expectancy. The objective of this symposium was to provide an overview of the current treatment landscape for aggressive NHL, as well as the future research on new treatments. Transplant-eligible patients receive salvage chemotherapy, followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients who fail transplant or are transplant-ineligible generally receive palliative treatment or enter clinical trials; there is no standard of care and thus there is a high unmet clinical need. Pixantrone is currently indicated for adult patients with multiply R/R aggressive B-cell NHL, thereby filling the unmet clinical need in this field. The symposium started with a brief overview of the meeting objectives. This was followed by an overview of the current and future treatment landscape for aggressive NHL, including a case study of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with multiple relapses receiving pixantrone as monotherapy. The results and post hoc analysis of the CORAL and the SCHOLAR1 studies were reviewed, including the relative merits of combination therapy versus monotherapy for patients with relapsed DLBCL who had failed second-line salvage therapy. The symposium ended with an outline of the profile and mechanism of action of pixantrone, and evidence from the PIX301 study that provided the basis for regulatory approval for the use of pixantrone in third and fourth-line treatment of R/R aggressive B-cell NHL. The clinical efficacy and safety of pixantrone were reviewed, together with a future perspective on the ongoing PIX306 trial. The symposium concluded with the presentation of two clinical cases of patients treated with pixantrone, a ‘Question and Answer’ session, and a panel discussion.
Effectiveness of Rehabilitation on Functional Changes of the Respiratory System in Persons with Severe and Critical Form of Covid-19 Disease
Authors: Butkienė Eglė , Aleknavičiūtė-Ablonskė Vaida
Published: November 2022

Background. It has been established that the disease of Covid-19 negatively affects the functions of the respiratory system of individuals. Since the disease appeared relatively recently, there are not many studies examining the functional state of the respiratory system of individuals after Covid-19 infection, but it is known that individuals who have suffered from a severe or critical form of the Covid-19 disease are diagnosed with many different complications.
The aim. To assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation for functional changes in the respiratory system of persons suffering from a severe and critical form of the Covid-19 disease.
Methods. 20 persons (11 men and nine women) aged 54.95±5.02 years who suffered from a severe or critical form of the Covid-19 disease participated in the study. Testing was done twice, before and after rehabilitation. During the study, the subjects’ respiratory system function was evaluated (Stange-Hench sample, respiratory rate, chest excursion, spirometry (VC, FEV, FEV1).
Results. After rehabilitation, the parameters of the Stange and Hench functional tests, respiratory rate, chest excursion and Vital Capacity improved.
Conclusion. It was established that after 20 days of rehabilitation, the respiratory system function of persons suffering from a severe or critical form of the Covid-19 disease improved.
Keywords: Covid-19, Stange and Hench sample, respiratory rate, chest excursion, spirometry.
Do 5-6-Year-Old Girls Who Attend Gymnastics Achieve Better Motor Skills’ Assessment Results Compared to those Who Do Not Attend Gymnastics
Authors: Čičirkaitė Florinta
Published: November 2022

Background. Children become less involved in various activities, and physical inactivity may negatively affect motor development. Motor skills are important for a child’s development, so it is very important to know and track motor skills development. One of the methods for assessing motor skills is Bruininks – Oseretsky (BOT-2) test.
The aim. to determine and compare the motor skills of 5–6-year-old girls who attend and do not attend gymnastics classes.
Methods. 5-6 years girls participated in the study. We collected 15 who attended gymnastics classes and 15 age-matched controls. Gross motor skills were assessed using Bruininks-Oseretsky (BOT-2) test kit.
Results. Bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, upper-limb coordination, and strength of girls attending gymnastics classes were significantly higher (p <0.05) compared to girls not attending gymnastics.
Conclusions. Attending gymnastics classes significantly improved motor skills of 5–6-year-old girls.
Keywords: motor skills, preschool children, BOT-2.
Comparative Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Neck Massage and Self-Massage on Tension Type Headache
Authors: Rockina Viktorija
Published: November 2022

Background. Tension-type headache is a common complaint in modern society. Self-massage or massage can be prescribed to reduce it, but it is still unclear which of these techniques is more effective in reducing tension-type headaches.
The aim of the study is to determine the short-term and long-term effects of neck massage and self-massage in tension-type headache.
Methods. 30 people participated in the study, who were randomly divided into two groups: massage and self-massage, 15 people in each group. Outcome measures were subjects’ headache intensity, active head range of motion, fatigue, and functional and emotional disability index pre and post the nine-week interventions and long-term effect – one month after the interventions.
Results. Both massage and self-massage after the 9-week interventions significantly reduced pain-related indicators. One month after the interventions, the headache intensity, fatigue, functional and emotional disability of subjects in the self-massage group were significantly (p < 0.05) lower, and the active amplitudes of neck movements were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the massage group.
Conclusions. Both massage and self-massage significantly reduced subjects’ headaches, increased head range of motion, reduced fatigue, and functional and emotional disability. However, one month after the interventions, the long-lasting effect of self-massage was significantly superior to the massage group.
Keywords: pain, functional disability, emotional disability, fatigue.
Physiotherapy on the Biodex Balance System Device is More Effective Than Wobble Board Exercises for Regaining Balance, but not the Lower Limb Muscle Strength, in Stroke Patients
Authors: Lendraitienė Eglė , Urbonienė Laura , Petruševičienė Daiva , Šakalienė Rasa
Published: November 2022

Background. Balance control and restoration of movements are among the most important rehabilitation goals for stroke survivors. There are many techniques used to restore lost function, but there is little research demonstrating the effectiveness of specific equipment in improving balance.
The aim. To compare balance and lower limb muscle strength in stroke patients when applying different methods of physiotherapy.
Methods. The study included 40 stroke patients with hemiparesis and impaired balance. The subjects were divided into two groups: the first group (n=20) underwent physiotherapy on the Biodex balance system device (with visual feedback), the second group (n=20) – wobble board exercises. Both groups underwent 45-minute physiotherapy sessions 5 times a week (in total, 20 procedures). The subjects were tested at baseline and after physiotherapy. Balance was evaluated by applying the Best Evaluation Systems Test (BEST), and lower limb muscle strength – by using the Oxford muscle strength scale.
Results. Physiotherapy on the Biodex balance system device as well as wobble board exercises improved balance and muscle strength in stroke patients. Furthermore, the balance results of the first group (Biodex) was significantly greater than those of the second group (wobble board). No difference in muscle strength parameters was found between the groups.
Conclusion. Physiotherapy using the Biodex balance system device (with visual feedback) was superior to wobble board exercises for improving the balance abilities, but not the lower limb muscle strength, in stroke patients.
Keywords: stroke, physiotherapy, Biodex, balance, muscle strength, lower limb.
Effect of a Self-directed and Supervised Pulmonary Rehabilitation Approach on Cough and Sputum Expectoration in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Balqias Huma , Hussain Syed Alamdar , Farooq Usman , Ahmad Umair , Babar Rohail Amir
Published: November 2022

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial, progressive chronic lung disease. COPD was rated as the third largest cause of death by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016. Cough and sputum are present in about 60% of COPD patients. For persons with COPD who are unable to attend the standard centre-based program, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation offers a cost-effective option.
The aim. To compare the effects of supervised and self-directed pulmonary rehabilitation on cough and sputum expectoration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Methods. Forty COPD-diagnosed subjects with ages between 40 to 60 years were recruited for this randomized clinical trial. The participants were randomly distributed into self-managed (n=18) and supervised (n=19) groups. Data was collected using a 6-minute walk test, the Leicester Cough Questionnaire and a cough and sputum assessment questionnaire at baseline after 6 weeks post treatment.
Results. There was a significant difference found between self-managed and supervised groups for six-minute walk test with P value to be P > 0.005. While analysing LCQ, overall no significant difference was observed demonstrating between two groups with P > 0.05; besides, physical factors showed a significant difference during the pre-session which showed P = 0.004. No significant difference was found while analysing values from Cough and sputum assessment questionnaire with P > 0.05
Conclusion. Supervised exercise program and self-managed group show equal improvement in COPD patients. Self-management exercise should be encouraged for active involvement of patient during the treatment and to promote self-preventive behavior.
Keywords: sputum, cough, self-management, pulmonary rehabilitation.
Muscle Cramping Condition of a Muscular Tissue. Etiology and Pathogenes, Development, Prevention, Biophysical Mechanisms and the Theory
Authors: Volobuev A. , Romanchuk N. , Krasnov S. , Romanov D.
Published: November 2022

On the basis of the muscular contraction theory analyses the problem of the ‘benign cramp’ skeletal muscles occurrence is investigated. It is shown that existing biophysical theory of the muscles contraction, ‘the theory of sliding threads’ allows explain occurrence of cramps if to use the standard positions: contraction of a muscle occurs passively, without expenses of ATP energy; undocking actin-myosin complex in the cellular power mechanism is carried out with use of energy of ATP hydrolysis. The cramp arises at a delay of ATP arrival in area of actin-myosin complex that slows down undocking myosin bridges from actin threads. It is marked, that use of preparations of magnesium, which ions in part replace ions of calcium similar on chemical properties, reduces an opportunity of a cramp occurrence. In article the biophysical bases of muscular contraction are considered: a conclusion of the Hill’s equation, power developed by a muscle, etc. which confirm a role of speed of the calcium ions supply in area of the actin-myosin power mechanism at occurrence of cramps. If part of the calcium ions is replaced by magnesium ions, then the strength of muscle contraction decreases, and convulsions do not occur. Calcium ions are universal intracellular intermediaries capable of regulating a huge variety of intracellular processes: exocytosis, insertion of receptors into the membrane, triggering protein synthesis, influence on learning and memory processes.
The Number of Fall of Separable Parts of Launch Vehicles and the Prevalence of Diseases Among Residents of the Territories of the Altai Territory Adjacent to the Areas of the Fall
Authors: Kolyado I. , Plugin S. , Gorbachev V.
Published: November 2022

Part of the territory of the Altai Region is used as fall areas for separating parts of launch vehicles launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The areas of the fall, adjacent territories and the population of adjacent territories are negatively affected as a result of rocket and space activities. The aim of the study is to identify a possible correlation between the prevalence of certain diseases among residents of the Altai Region living in the area of rocket and space activities and the number of falls of separable parts of launch vehicles. For most of the classes of diseases, a direct strong and medium correlation was revealed. The results were obtained based on the results of a survey of residents of the Charyshsky district of the Altai Region in 1999, 2006, 2011 and 2015.
Recommender System Based on Knowledges
Authors: Kurennykh A. , Sudakov V.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the actual scientific and technical task of developing a recommender system that uses knowledge about the subject area for a more complete and accurate analysis of the problem situation. In the approach proposed by the authors, knowledge about the subject area is expressed by a computer model, which, under certain parameters, returns a vector of the simulation results. Both vectors of values are significant criteria on the basis of which recommendations are made. A special approach to the architecture of the information space, in which the interaction of recommender and modeling systems is implemented, provides ample opportunities for applying this approach in a wide class of problems.
Approach to Hybrid Recommender Systems Development
Authors: Kurennykh A. , Sudakov V.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the actual scientific and technical task of developing the architecture of a hybrid recommender system that uses domain knowledge, elements of a collaborative approach, as well as content data for a more complete and accurate analysis of the problem situation. Groups of criteria that implement each of these approaches were formulated and described. The main novelty in the approach proposed by the authors is the rejection of the initial focus on a specific subject area in favor of invariance. This approach provides a wider application of the development, reduces the cost of developing, debugging and implementing the system for the user.
التأثيرات المترتبة لإثنين من تدخلات الطفولة المبكرة على المخرجات التنموية للأطفال في نيبال بعد الزلزال
Authors: Seiden Jonathan , Kunz Valeria , Dang Sara , Sharma Matrika , Gyawali Sagar
Published: November 2022

تخلق الكوارث الطبيعية تحديات هائلة أمام الأطفال الصغار إذ تعرضهم لدرجة عالية من المحن. ربما تساعد التدخلات المُصمَّمَة لإكساب القدرة على التأقلم في أعقاب أي كارثة طبيعية على التخفيف من التبعات السلبية لهذه التجارب الأليمة. نستعرض في هذا المقال نتائج تقييماتنا شبه التجريبية لاثنين من التدخلات المصممين بواسطة مؤسسة إنقاذ الطفل لتحسين النتائج التنموية للأطفال ومشاركة الأبوين في الأوقات الحرجة. وفر هذان التدخلان موارد من مستويات البيئة التنموية للصغار الناجين من الزلزال الذي ضرب منطقة سيندوبالشوك في نيبال سنة 2015 عن طريق استهداف أسر الأطفال ومدرسيهم ومجتمعاتهم. ركز التدخل الأول على مقدمي الرعاية، واستهدف رفع قدرة الآباء ومقدمي الرعاية على توفير رعاية إيجابية مُحفِّزَة ومتجاوبة للأطفال من سن 0 إلى 3، بينما ركز التدخل الثاني على المدربين في أحد مراكز تنمية الطفولة المبكرة، واستهدف رفع جودة البيئات التعليمية ومشاركة الأسرة والدعم النفسي للأطفال من سن 3 إلى 6. هذا، وقد اكتشفنا أن للتدخلين أثر مختلط؛ فلم يكن ثمة أثر ملحوظ للعناصر من 0 إلى 3 على النتائج التنموية، بينما كان للعناصر من سن 3 إلى 6 أثر إيجابي على التعلم والتنمية المبكرة لدى الأطفال، ولا سيما على مهاراتهم قبل سن الدراسة. غير أنَّ أيًّا من التدخلين لم يؤدي إلى تحسين مشاركة الآباء. نبرز التحديات التي تواجه تنفيذ تدخلات تركز على الأسرة في سياقات الطوارئ، وأهمية وكلاء التقديم في برامج تنمية الطفولة المبكرة. رغم الآثار المنعدمة للمجموعة من 0 إلى 3، إلا أن هذه التقييمات توضح أن دعم جودة بيئات التعلم المبكر ومهارات مدربي تنمية الطفولة المبكرة يمكن أن يكون له أثر جاد على النتائج على مستوى الطفل، حتى في سياقات الطوارئ وبعد الكوارث.
Intervensi Media Gambar Bungkus Rokok dan Perilaku Merokok pada Siswa SMK Negeri di Kota Jambi
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad , Indah Lestari , Sari Puspita
Published: November 2022

Perilaku merokok dikalangan remaja dibuktikan dengan hasil survey awal di SMK Negeri Kota Jambi terdapat 1020 siswa yang pernah merokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intervensi media gambar bungkus rokok dan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMK Negeri di Kota Jambi Tahun 2021. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Quasi Experiment menggunakan rancangan one group pre test post test design dan chi square. Sampel penelitian  adalah 102 orang, teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian menggunakan proportional random sampling. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada responden perokok aktif 22 responden sedangkan perokok pasif  71 , skor pre- test tingkat pengetahuan tinggi 5, sedang 28, rendah 60  dan skor post-test tingkat pengetahuan kategori tinggi 54, sedang 38, rendah 1 responden. Sedangkan pada variabel sikap, pre-test tingkat sikap kategori baik sebanyak 9 , cukup 59 , kurang 25 responden  sedangkan pada skor post-test sikap kategori baik 92  dan cukup 1 responden. perilaku orang tua yang kurang baik 42, yang baik 51 responden, perilaku negatif dari teman sebaya 43, positif 50 responden. Media gambar bungkus rokok mempunyai pengaruh dengan pengetahuan, sikap dengan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMK dan mempunyai hubungan orang tua dan teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok siswa.
Zeolites: A series of promising biomaterials in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Li Yue , Cai Yanting , Chen Tianyan , Bao Xingfu
Published: November 2022

As an important worldwide medical issue, bone defect exhibits a variety of physical and psychological consequences on sufferers. Some features of clinical treatments including bone grafting and limb shortening are not satisfactory. Recently, bone tissue engineering has been considered as the most effective approach to dealing with the issue of bone deformities. Meanwhile, a variety of biomaterials have been rationally designed and created for the bone regeneration and tissue repairing. Among all these admirable biomaterials for bone remodeling, zeolite-based materials can serve as efficient scaffold candidates with excellent osteo-inductivity. In addition, the porous nature and high biocompatibility of zeolites endow them with the ability as ideal substrates for cell adhesion and proliferation. More importantly, zeolites are investigated as potential coating materials for implants because they have been proven to increase osteo-conductivity and aid in local elastic modeling. Last but not least, zeolites can also be used to treat bone disorders and act as dietary supplements during the practical applications. Accordingly, numerous benefits of zeolite prompt us to summarize their recent biomedical progress including but not limited to the distinguishing characteristics, broad classifications, as well as promising usages in bone tissue engineering.
Roles of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis and treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Seimiya Takahiro , Otsuka Motoyuki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: November 2022

Circular RNAs are single-stranded RNAs with a covalently closed structure formed by the process of back-splicing. Aberrant expression of circular RNAs contributes to the pathogenesis of a wide range of cancers. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers due to diagnostic difficulties and limited therapeutic options. Circular RNAs are emerging as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. Moreover, recent advances in the therapeutic application of engineered circular RNAs have provided a promising approach to overcoming pancreatic cancer. This review discusses the roles of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer and in potential treatment applications and their usefulness as diagnostic biomarkers.
Mechanosensing in macrophages and dendritic cells in steady-state and disease
Authors: Lee Megan , Du Huixun , Winer Daniel A. , Clemente-Casares Xavier , Tsai Sue
Published: November 2022

Macrophages and dendritic cells are myeloid cells that play critical roles in immune responses. Macrophages help to maintain homeostasis through tissue regeneration and the clearance of dead cells, but also mediate inflammatory processes against invading pathogens. As the most potent antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells are important in connecting innate to adaptive immune responses via activation of T cells, and inducing tolerance under physiological conditions. While it is known that macrophages and dendritic cells respond to biochemical cues in the microenvironment, the role of extracellular mechanical stimuli is becoming increasingly apparent. Immune cell mechanotransduction is an emerging field, where accumulating evidence suggests a role for extracellular physical cues coming from tissue stiffness in promoting immune cell recruitment, activation, metabolism and inflammatory function. Additionally, many diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cirrhosis are associated with changes to the tissue biophysical environment. This review will discuss current knowledge about the effects of biophysical cues including matrix stiffness, topography, and mechanical forces on macrophage and dendritic cell behavior under steady-state and pathophysiological conditions. In addition, we will also provide insight on molecular mediators and signaling pathways important in macrophage and dendritic cell mechanotransduction.
Identification of tumor antigens and immune subtypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for mRNA vaccine development
Authors: Chen Yan , Jiang Ning , Chen Meihua , Sui Baiyan , Liu Xin
Published: November 2022

The mRNA vaccines have been considered effective for combating cancer. However, the core components of the mRNA vaccines against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the effects remain unclear. Our study aims to identify effective antigens in HNSCC to develop mRNA vaccines for corresponding potential patients. Here, we analyzed alternative splicing and mutation of genes in TCGA-HNSCC samples and identified seven potential tumor antigens, including SREBF1, LUC7L3, LAMA5, PCGF3, HNRNPH1, KLC4, and OFD1, which were associated with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factor expression, overall survival prognosis and the infiltration of antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, to select suitable patients for vaccination, immune subtypes related to HNSCC were identified by consensus clustering analysis, and visualization of the HNSCC immune landscape was performed by graph-learning-based dimensionality reduction. To address the heterogeneity of the population that is suitable for vaccination, plot cell trajectory and WGCNA were also utilized. HNSCC patients were classified into three prognostically relevant immune subtypes (Cluster 1, Cluster 2, and Cluster 3) possessing different molecular and cellular characteristics, immune modulators, and mutation statuses. Cluster 1 had an immune-activated phenotype and was associated with better survival, while Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 were immunologically cold and linked to increased tumor mutation burden. Therefore, HNSCC patients with immune subtypes Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 are potentially suitable for mRNA vaccination. Moreover, the prognostic module hub genes screened seven genes, including IGKC, IGHV3-15, IGLV1-40, IGLV1-51, IGLC3, IGLC2, and CD79A, which could be potential biomarkers to predict prognosis and identify suitable patients for mRNA vaccines. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for further research and the development of anti-HNSCC mRNA vaccines and the selection of suitable patients for vaccination.
Single-branched stent-graft with on-table fenestration for endovascular repair of primary retrograde type A aortic dissection: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Heng , Feng Jiaxuan , Zhu Hongqiao , Xiao Shun , Liu Mingyuan , Xu Yili , Yang Dongshan , Liu Junjun , Guo Mingjin
Published: November 2022

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a single-branched stent-graft with on-table fenestration for primary retrograde type A aortic dissection (RTAD) during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).

Materials and methods

From January 2019 to December 2021, 36 patients with primary RTAD from five tertiary hospitals received medical management in the acute phase. They underwent TEVAR with a proximal zone 1 landing for aortic arch reconstruction in the subacute phase, using a fenestration technique on a single-branched stent-graft. Nearly 2 weeks after admission, computed tomography angiography (CTA) was re-examined to evaluate the thrombosis status of retrograde false lumen (FL). The primary outcomes were technical success, patency of the target branch arteries, and absence of type Ia endoleaks. The second outcomes were stent-graft-related complications and all-cause mortality.

Results

The mean age was 56.2 ± 11.3 years, and 29 (80.6%) were male. After a median interval of 18.0 [interquartile range (IQR), 17.0–20.3] days of medical treatment, the partial and complete thrombosis of proximal FL rates increased to 52.8% and 47.2%, respectively. One patient (2.8%) experienced postoperative type Ia endoleaks, and was successfully re-treated using coli and Onyx glue. The median hospital stay was 20.5 (IQR, 18.0–23.0) days. The overall technical success rate was 100%. The median follow-up time was 31.5 (IQR, 29.8–34.0) months. There was one death (2.8%) due to gastrointestinal bleeding. Distal aortic segmental enlargement (DASE) occurred in two (5.6%) patients. No major complications or recurrent dissections in the proximal landing zone were recorded during follow up.

Conclusion

The retrograde FL in primary RTAD could realize partial or complete thrombosis after medical management in the acute phase, and it might be regarded as a valid proximal landing zone for endovascular repair. The single-branched stent graft with on-table fenestration performed in the subacute phase may be feasible strategy in selective primary RTAD patients.
Case report: Severe dry cough associated with superior vena cava syndrome—Caused recurrent chylothorax
Authors: Wan Ziming
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Symptomatic pleural effusion is occasionally caused by superior vena cava syndrome. Dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain are common symptoms of pleural effusion. However, the current literature has not reported a causal linkage between chylous pleural effusion and dry cough.

Case presentation

A patient with uremia suffered from an unexplained severe dry cough, which could be triggered by postural changes. Medical examinations ruled out the possibility of chronic bronchitis, gastroesophageal reflux, chest tumor, tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and allergy history. Examinations showed that the patient had chylous pleural effusion. The cough symptoms were relieved after extraction of the pleural effusion but soon reappeared with the recurrence of chylothorax. Enhanced computed tomography showed that the patient had superior vena cava occlusion. After recanalization of the superior vena cava by percutaneous balloon dilatation, the patient no longer had chylothorax, and the severe cough was eliminated.

Conclusion

Super vena cava syndrome can cause chylothorax and further stimulate severe dry cough. Cough is not a specific symptom. Chest imaging and pleural fluid analysis can help narrow down the diagnosis.
Eocene-Oligocene southwest Pacific Ocean paleoceanography new insights from foraminifera chemistry (DSDP site 277, Campbell Plateau)
Authors: Hodel F. , Fériot C. , Dera G. , De Rafélis M. , Lezin C. , Nardin E. , Rouby D. , Aretz M. , Antonio P. , Buatier M. , Steinmann M. , Lacan F. , Jeandel C. , Chavagnac V.
Published: November 2022

Despite its major role in the Earth’s climate regulation, the evolution of high-latitude ocean dynamics through geological time remains unclear. Around Antarctica, changes in the Southern Ocean (SO) circulation are inferred to be responsible for cooling from the late Eocene and glaciation in the early Oligocene. Here, we present a geochemical study of foraminifera from DSDP Site 277 (Campbell Plateau), to better constrain thermal and redox evolution of the high latitude southwest Pacific Ocean during this time interval. From 56 to 48 Ma, Mg/Ca- and δ18O-paleothermometers indicate high surface and bottom water temperatures (24–26°C and 12–14°C, respectively), while weak negative Ce anomalies indicate poorly oxygenated bottom waters. This is followed by a cooling of ∼4° between 48 and 42 Ma, possibly resulting from a weakening of a proto-EAC (East Australian Current) and concomitant strengthening of a proto-Ross gyre. This paleoceanographic change is associated with better ventilation at Site 277, recorded by an increasing negative Ce anomaly. Once this proto-Ross gyre was fully active, increasing biogenic sedimentation rates and decreasing Subbotina sp. δ13C values indicate enhanced productivity. This resulted in a shoaling of the oxygen penetration in the sediment pile recorded by increasing the foraminiferal U/Ca ratio. The negative Ce anomaly sharply increased two times at ∼35 and ∼31 Ma, indicating enhanced seawater ventilation synchronously with the opening of the Tasmanian and Drake Passage gateways, respectively. The Oligocene glaciation is recorded by a major increase of bottom seawater δ18O during the EOT (Eocene-Oligocene Transition) while Mg/Ca-temperatures remain rather constant. This indicates a significant ice control on the δ18O record.