Hubungan Kekerapan Pelaksanaan Gaya Kepemimpinan Guru Penolong Kanan Kokurikulum Dengan Pencapaian Pasukan Olahraga Sekolah
Authors: Tang Keow Ngang , Chan Tye Hong 
Published: January 2013

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengenal pasti kekerapan pelaksanaan gaya kepemimpinan Guru Penolong Kanan Kokurikulum (GPK Koko) pelbagai dimensi; (2) mengkaji hubungan antara faktor–faktor demografi GPK Koko dengan pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah; (3) mengkaji hubungan antara kekerapan pelaksanaan setiap dimensi gaya kepemimpinan dengan pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah; (4) mengkaji peramal yang signifikan terhadap pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah. Seramai 48 orang guru GPK Koko dari 48 buah sekolah rendah yang terletak dalam zon Air Itam dan zon Kelawai telah dijadikan subjek kajian. Instrumen kajian Leadership Scale For Sports (LSS) digunakan untuk mengukur kekerapan gaya kepemimpinan yang terdiri daripada lima dimensi, iaitu latihan dan arahan, demokratik, autokratik, sokongan sosial, dan mengganjar. Manakala pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah merupakan pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah di Kejohanan Olahraga Majlis Sukan Sekolah–sekolah Pulau Pinang (MSSPP) Daerah Pulau dari tahun 2004 hingga 2006. Sementara itu, faktor–faktor demografi GPK Koko yang diambil kira ialah jantina, status perkahwinan, pengalaman berkhidmat sebagai GPK Koko, kelayakan sukan, dan pengalaman dalam bidang sukan. Kesimpulan bagi kajian ini ialah (1) kekerapan pelaksanaan kesemua dimensi gaya kepemimpinan mencecah min melebihi 3.00 kecuali dimensi autokratik yang minnya hanya 1.57. Antaranya dimensi mengganjarlah merupakan dimensi gaya kepemimpinan yang paling kerap diamalkan oleh GPK Koko. (2) Analisis korelasi menunjukkan wujudnya hubungan yang signifikan, positif, dan kuat antara faktor demografi kelayakan sukan (r = 0.819) dengan pengalaman dalam bidang sukan (r = 0.704) dengan pencapaian pasukan olahraga sekolah pada aras 0.05. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan, positif, dan kuat antara kekerapan amalan gaya kepemimpinan mengganjar dengan pencapaian olahraga sekolah. Gaya kepemimpinan mengganjar dan tiga faktor demografi, iaitu pengalaman dalam bidang sukan, kelayakan sukan serta pengalaman berkhidmat sebagai seorang pentadbir merupakan peramal yang kuat terhadap pencapaian sukan olahraga sekolah. Turut dibincangkan dalam artikel ini adalah implikasi kajian terhadap pembangunan profesionalisme dalam kalangan pentadbir sukan dalam pengasuhan atlet–atlet yang berpotensi.

Kata kunci: Gaya kepimpinan; pencapaian olahraga; guru penolong kanan kokurikulum

The aim of this research was to (1) identify the frequency of implementation of various dimensions of leadership style among Co–curricular Senior Assistants; (2) analyze relationships between demographic factors and the achievements of the school athletics team; (3) study the relationships between the frequency of implementation for each dimension of leadership style and the achievements of the school athletics team; (4) determine significant predictors which contribute to the achievements of the school athletics team. A total of 48 Co–curricular Senior Assistants from 48 primary schools located in Air Itam and Kelawai zones were selected as research subjects. Research instrument Leadership Scale For Sports (LSS) used to measure the frequency of implementation for leadership styles consists of five dimensions such as training and order, democratic, autocratic, social support and reward. While the achievements of the school athletics team were determined by the achievements during Penang Schools Sports Council Athletics Meet over a period of three years from 2004 to 2006. In addition, demographic factors of Co-curricular Senior Assistants included gender, marital status, experience in the field of sports, sports qualifications and experience serving as Sport Administrators. The conclusion of the research was (1) the mean frequency of implementation for all dimensions of leadership style was more than 3.00 except for autocratic dimension mean at only 1.57. The reward dimension was the dimension that was frequently practiced by Co-curricular Senior Assistants; (2) The correlation analysis showed that significant, positive and strong relationship exist between demographic factors, sports qualifications (r = 0.819) and experience in the field of sports (r = 0.704) and the achievements of the school athletics team at the level 0.05. Findings from this study showed significant, positive and strong relationships between the frequency of implementation of reward leadership style and sports achievement. The reward kind of leadership style and three other demographic factors which are experience in the field of sports, sports qualifications and experience serving as Sports Administrators proved to be strong predictors for the achievement of the school athletics team. Further discussion in this article is the implications towards professional development of sports administrators, in nurturing potential athletes.

Key words: Leadership style; achievement of school athletics team; co–curricular senior assistant