bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da ocorrência de apoptose em células foliculares da tiróide de rato após estimulação seguida de supressão do hormônio tireotrófico endógeno
Authors: Ejzenberg Dani , Kimura Edna Teruko
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Neste estudo foram modulados os níveis de TSH hipofisário de ratos por tratamento farmacológico in vivo, para avaliação da possível perda celular por apoptose durante a involução da glândula tiróide por supressão de TSH. Métodos: Ratos Winstar machos (~220g peso corporal pc) foram tratados com metimazol (MTZ) 0,03% na água de beber por três semanas. Após este período receberam tiroxina (T4) 20 mg/100 g pc/dia intraperitonealmente por 1(T4-1d), 2 (T4-2d), 3 (T4-3d) e 5 (T4-5d) dias e o grupo controle (MTZ) sem tratamento com T4. Foi realizada a quantifição de DNA para verificação da perda celular e o valor obtido na A595 no espectofotômetro foi comparada à curva padrão de DNA de esperma de salmão. Resultados: O peso da tiróide (T)/100g de pc do animal e os valores de DNA calculados em mg/100 g de pc, Média ± SE, e a variação da quantidade de DNA (%) e m comparação ao grupoMTZ. Na análise morfológica do tecido à microscopia óptica e eletrônica (MO e ME), os folículos dos ratos tratados com MTZ apresentam tirócitos altos com lúmens fechados e se observam reaparecimento gradativo dos lúmens e redução variada da altura das células nos tecidos com tratamento com T4. E m alguns lúmens, dos grupos tratados com T4 nota-se a presença de estruturas eletrondensas contendo resíduos de organelas, sendo mais freqüente nos tratamentos prolongados. Na região basal dos folículos aparecem esporadicamente células envolvendo fragmentos densos contendo cromatina intensamente condensada e resíduos de organelas (corpos apoptóticos) ou ainda células com cromatina condensada em meia-lua (células apoptóticas) nos grupos que receberam tratamento com T4. Conclusão: Nas tiróides dos animais tratados com T4 ocorre redução de DNA e observam-se estruturasmorfológicas de apoptose à MO e ME . A perda celular por processo de apoptose contribui juntamente com a hipoplasiadas células foliculares na involução da glândula tiróide de ratos submetidos a supressão de TSH.
Manifestação intestinal rara em paciente com imunodeficiência comum variável e estrongiloidíase: relato de caso
Authors: Kobata Cristina Helena Prado , Neves Murilo Catafesta das , Dutenhefner Simone Elisa , Silva Francisco Salles Collet e , Giavina-Bianchi Junior Pedro Francisco , Kanashiro Elza Hissako
Published: March 2023

Relato de paciente com imunodeficiência rara e manifestação gastrointestinal incomum. Paciente masc, 26a., com Imunodeficiência Comum Variável (ICV), em uso de Prednisona, entre outras drogas, com diarréias recorrentes há 5a. e pesq. de S. stercoralis negativas. Há 3d., dor abd. difusa, náuseas, vômitos e parada de eliminação de gases efezes. Apresentava-se em MEG, descorado, desidratado, distensão abd., dor à palpação, DB+ e ausência de RHA. Ao RX abd., alças distendidas, edemaciadas e "empilhamento de moeda". Submetido à enterectomia do delgado médio por sinais de sofrimento, o exame da peça demonstrou estrongiloidíase transmural e necrose hemorrágica da muscularprópria, sem comprometimento da mucosa. Evoluiu com síndrome do intestino curto e choque séptico, com boa resposta a antibiótico e tiabendazol. Consideram os autores, após revisão de literatura, que a ICV é rara e estrongiloidíase associada é incomum, podendo ser mais encontrada quando em uso de corticóides. A necrose hemorrágica da muscular própria sem comprometimento da mucosa não foi detectada na literatura estudada.
Estudo anatômico do Filum Terminalis: dissecção de 31 cadáveres
Authors: Pinto Fernando C. G. , Fontes Ricardo B. de V. , Leonhardt Marcos de Camargo , Amodio Daniel Tasseto , Porro Fabrício Frutos , Machado Jorge
Published: March 2023

Descrever a anatomia intradural do filum terminalis (FT) e relacionar sua origem, comprimento e inserção com a coluna lombar e sacral em 31 cadáveres de adultos sem patologias da coluna, visando acesso cirúrgico para a porção inferior intradural do FT. Métodos: Foram realizadas 31 dissecções em cadáveres frescos no Sistema de Verificação de Óbitos da Capital de São Paulo no período de março de 2000 a janeiro de 2001. A anatomia do filum terminalis foi estudada através de ampla laminectomia tóraco-lombo-sacral, identificando o nível de origem e inserção (porção superior, média ou inferior da vértebra ou espaço intervertebral em questão), comprimento e diâmetros na sua origem e terço médio. Resultados: Treze (42,0%) FT apresentaram origem em L1, sete (22,5%) em L2, cinco (16,1%) em T12, dois (6,5%) em L1-L2, dois (6,5%) em L2-L3, um (3,2%) em T12-L1 e um (3,2%) em T11. Dezoito (58,1%) FT apresentaram inserção em S2, cinco (16,1%) em S1, cinco (16,1%) em S3, dois (6.5%) em S2-S3 e um (3,2%) S1-S2. A média dos comprimentos aferidos da origem até a inserção do filum terminalis foi 158,86 mm, variando de 112,80 a 211,10 mm. A média dos diâmetros, na sua origem e terço médio, foram 1,36 mm e 0,72 mm, variando de 0,35 a 2,50 mm e 0,10 a 1,55 mm, respectivamente. Conclusões: Em nosso estudo, a maioria dos FT apresentou origem em L1 (42,0%) e inserção dural em S2 (58,1%), 16,1% apresentaram inserção em S1; dessa forma para devida exposição cirúrgica do filum terminalis na sua porção livre não inserida na dura-máter, além de laminectomia de S1, torna-se prudente a realização adicional de laminectomia parcial ou total de L5.
Tratamento cirúrgico funcional da dor
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Haman Clement , Teixeira William Gemio Jacobsen
Published: March 2023

Vários são os procedimentos cirúrgicos funcionais destinados ao tratamento da dor resultante de afecções músculoesqueléticas. A descompressão de estruturas nervosas tronculares ou radiculares angustiadas em decorrência de afecções inflamatórias, degenerativas, oncológicas, deformidades ósseas ou fraturas do aparelho locomotor pode proporcionar alívio de dores neuropáticas. Os procedimentos neurocirúrgicos funcionais ablativos são indicados em casos de dor por nocicepção, cuja indicação é restrita a doentes que apresentem perspectivas de sobrevida prolongada. A simpatectomia é pouco eficaz em casos de síndrome complexa de dor regional do tipo II; as neurotomias dos ramos recorrentes posteriores das raízes espinais são úteis no tratamento da cervicalgia, dorsalgia elombalgia de natureza miofascial; a lesão do trato de Lissauer é indicada em casos de dor neruropática e de espasticidade; a mesencefalotomia, as talamotomias e a psicocirurgia são indicadas em casos rebeldes aos tratamentos convencionais. As cordotomias, as rizotomias e as mielopatias não são indicadas em doentes com dor músculo-esquelética. Os procedimentos endocrinológicos incluindo a hipofisectomia são úteis no tratamento da dor decorrente de metástases ósseas especialmente do carcinoma de mama, próstata ou endométrio. A estimulação elétrica do sistema nervoso central geralmente não proporciona alívio nos doentes que apresentam dormúsculo-esquelética, exceto, em casos de síndrome pós-laminectomia. A infusão de fármacos analgésicos no compartimento espinal ou no compartimento ventricular é eficaz no tratamento da maioria dos casos.
Neurocirurgia funcional
Authors: Marino Junior Raul
Published: March 2023

É realizada exposição dos objetivos principais da Neurocirurgia Funcional. O campo de ação, limites e filosofia de trabalho desta nova especialidade são revistos à luz da neurofisiologia.
Prevalência dos métodos de diagnóstico nos aneurismas de aorta abdominal
Authors: Ferreira César Biselli , Costa Daniella Ferraro Fernandes , Santos Filho Manoel Augusto Lobato dos , Wolosker Nelson , Duarte Flávio , Leão Pedro Puech
Published: March 2023

Identificar com qual freqüência diferentes métodos são responsáveis pelo diagnóstico inicial dos aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA) operados em nossa instituição no período de 2000 a 2002. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram estudados retrospectivamente, através da análise de prontuários, 200 pacientes consecutivamente submetidos à correção de AAA no período de dois anos. RESULTADOS: Oitenta e seis(43%) pacientes tiveram o AAA clinicamente detectados, 113 (56,5%) através de exames de imagem e um (0,5%) durante laparotomia. CONCLUSÃO: Exames complementares paradiagnósticos de outras doenças são mais freqüentemente responsáveis pelo diagnósticode AAA.
A case report of systemic lupus erythematosus combined with central serous chorioretinopathy treated with glucocorticoids
Authors: Rao Qingqing , Ku Ming , Wan Qijun
Published: March 2023

Glucocorticoids are generally contraindicated for use in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) because their use is considered to be an independent risk factor for CSC. There are rare reports regarding the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) combined with CSC. This current case report describes a rare case of a 24-year-old female patient with severely active SLE combined with CSC, whose vision was significantly restored after she was administered 120 mg methylprednisolone intravenously once a day for 3 days. This case report presents the clinical characteristics for the first time in terms of distinguishing between typical CSC and lupus chorioretinopathy. It also provides a review of the relevant literature. In patients with clinically severe active lupus nephritis combined with bilateral lupus chorioretinopathy, timely systemic application of appropriate doses of glucocorticoids is the preferred method to control the primary disease and serious ocular complications.
Effect on cardiac function among patients with type 2 diabetes following high-dose mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist using echocardiography; data from the MIRAD randomized clinical trial
Authors: H. Brandt-Jacobsen Niels , Johansen Marie Louise , Rasmussen Jon J. , Dalsgaard Morten , Kumler Thomas , Faber Jens , Rossignol Patrick , Schou Morten , Kistorp Caroline
Published: March 2023

Background

Early heart failure prevention is central in patients with type 2 diabetes, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have shown to improve prognosis. We investigated the effect of high-dose MRA, eplerenone, on cardiac function and structure in patients with type 2 diabetes and established or increased risk of cardiovascular disease but without heart failure.

Methods

In the current randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 140 patients with high-risk type 2 diabetes were randomized to high-dose eplerenone (100–200 mg daily) or placebo as add-on to standard care for 26 weeks. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, indexed left ventricular mass (LVMi), and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were assessed using echocardiography at baseline and after 26 weeks of treatment.

Results

Of the included patients, 138 (99%) had an echocardiography performed at least once. Baseline early diastolic in-flow velocity (E-wave) indexed by mitral annulus velocity (e’) was mean (SD) 11.1 (0.5), with 31% of patients reaching above 12. No effect of treatment on diastolic function was observed measured by E/e’ (0.0, 95%CI [-1.2 to 1.2], P = 0.992) or E/A (-0.1, 95%CI [-0.2 to 0.0], P = 0.191). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at baseline was 59.0% (8.0). No improvement in systolic function was observed when comparing groups after 26 weeks (LVEF: 0.9, 95%CI [-1.1 to 2.8], P = 0.382; GLS: -0.4%, 95%CI [-1.5 to 0.6], P = 0.422), nor in LVMi (-3.8 g/m2 95%CI [-10.2 to 2.7], P = 0.246).

Conclusion

In the present echo sub-study, no change in left ventricular function was observed following high-dose MRA therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes when evaluated by conventional echocardiography.

Trial registration

Date of registration 25/08/2015 (EudraCT number: 2015–002,519-14).
Finite element analysis of a novel anatomical locking plate for scapular neck fracture
Authors: Xiang Feifan , Xiao Yukun , Wei Daiqing , Tan Xiaoqi , He Siyuan , Luo Liang , Yang Yunkang
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Reconstruction plates (RPs) are commonly used in scapular neck fractures (SNFs): however, RPs have many defects. In this study, we evaluated a newly designed scapular neck anatomical locking compression plate (SNALCP).

Methods

An SNF finite element model (Miller-type IIB) was constructed. Plates were subsequently implanted into the scapula and fixed with screws that were grouped according to the plate used: SNALCP (A) and RP (B). Finally, loads were applied to record and analyze performance.

Results

Under lateral, anteroposterior, and vertical compression loads, the maximum von Mises stresses on the scapula and implants of group A were smaller than those of group B. There were some differences in stress distribution between the two groups.

Conclusions

SNALCP can effectively reduce the stress of the scapula and implant, making stress distribution more uniform and continuous, and has mechanical conduction advantages. Compared to RP, it provides improved stability and more reliable fixation.
Maturation state of colonization sites promotes symbiotic resiliency in the Euprymna scolopes-Vibrio fischeri partnership
Authors: Essock-Burns Tara , Lawhorn Susannah , Wu Leo , McClosky Sawyer , Moriano-Gutierrez Silvia , Ruby Edward G. , McFall-Ngai Margaret J.
Published: March 2023

Background

Many animals and plants acquire their coevolved symbiotic partners shortly post-embryonic development. Thus, during embryogenesis, cellular features must be developed that will promote both symbiont colonization of the appropriate tissues, as well as persistence at those sites. While variation in the degree of maturation occurs in newborn tissues, little is unknown about how this variation influences the establishment and persistence of host-microbe associations.

Results

The binary symbiosis model, the squid-vibrio (Euprymna scolopes-Vibrio fischeri) system, offers a way to study how an environmental gram-negative bacterium establishes a beneficial, persistent, extracellular colonization of an animal host. Here, we show that bacterial symbionts occupy six different colonization sites in the light-emitting organ of the host that have both distinct morphologies and responses to antibiotic treatment. Vibrio fischeri was most resilient to antibiotic disturbance when contained within the smallest and least mature colonization sites. We show that this variability in crypt development at the time of hatching allows the immature sites to act as a symbiont reservoir that has the potential to reseed the more mature sites in the host organ when they have been cleared by antibiotic treatment. This strategy may produce an ecologically significant resiliency to the association.

Conclusions

The data presented here provide evidence that the evolution of the squid-vibrio association has been selected for a nascent organ with a range of host tissue maturity at the onset of symbiosis. The resulting variation in physical and chemical environments results in a spectrum of host-symbiont interactions, notably, variation in susceptibility to environmental disturbance. This “insurance policy” provides resiliency to the symbiosis during the critical period of its early development. While differences in tissue maturity at birth have been documented in other animals, such as along the infant gut tract of mammals, the impact of this variation on host-microbiome interactions has not been studied. Because a wide variety of symbiosis characters are highly conserved over animal evolution, studies of the squid-vibrio association have the promise of providing insights into basic strategies that ensure successful bacterial passage between hosts in horizontally transmitted symbioses.
Developing a Data and Analytics Platform to Enable a Breast Cancer Learning Health System at a Regional Cancer Center
Authors: Petch Jeremy , Kempainnen Joel , Pettengell Christopher , Aviv Steven , Butler Bill , Pond Greg , Saha Ashirbani , Bogach Jessica , Allard-Coutu Alexandria , Sztur Peter , Ranisau Jonathan , Levine Mark
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE

This study documents the creation of automated, longitudinal, and prospective data and analytics platform for breast cancer at a regional cancer center. This platform combines principles of data warehousing with natural language processing (NLP) to provide the integrated, timely, meaningful, high-quality, and actionable data required to establish a learning health system.

METHODS

Data from six hospital information systems and one external data source were integrated on a nightly basis by automated extract/transform/load jobs. Free-text clinical documentation was processed using a commercial NLP engine.

RESULTS

The platform contains 141 data elements of 7,019 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who received care at our regional cancer center from January 1, 2014, to June 3, 2022. Daily updating of the database takes an average of 56 minutes. Evaluation of the tuning of NLP jobs found overall high performance, with an F1 of 1.0 for 19 variables, with a further 16 variables with an F1 of > 0.95.

CONCLUSION

This study describes how data warehousing combined with NLP can be used to create a prospective data and analytics platform to enable a learning health system. Although upfront time investment required to create the platform was considerable, now that it has been developed, daily data processing is completed automatically in less than an hour.
Sexuality and the Rise of China
Authors: Kong Travis S. K.
Published: March 2023

In Sexuality and the Rise of China Travis S. K. Kong examines the changing meanings of same-sex identities, communities, and cultures for young Chinese gay men in contemporary Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China. Drawing on ninety life stories, Kong’s transnational queer sociological approach shows the complex interplay between personal biography and the dramatically changing social institutions in these three societies. Kong conceptualizes coming out as relational politics and the queer/tongzhi community and commons as an affective, imaginative means of connecting, governed by homonormative masculinity. He shows how monogamy is a form of cruel optimism and envisions state and sexuality intertwining in different versions of homonationalism in each location. Tracing the alternately diverging and converging paths of being young, Chinese, gay, and male, Kong reveals how both Western and emerging inter- and intra- Asian queer cultures shape queer/tongzhi experiences. Most significantly, at this historical juncture characterized by the rise of China, Kong criticizes the globalization of sexuality by emphasizing inter-Asia modeling, referencing, and solidarities and debunks the essentializing myth of Chineseness, thereby decolonizing Western sexual knowledge and demonstrating the differential meanings of Chineseness/queerness across the Sinophone world.
Learning-through-Survey in Inflation Expectations
Authors: Kim Gwangmin , Binder Carola
Published: March 2023

When surveys rely on repeat participants, this raises the possibility that survey participation may affect future responses, perhaps by prompting information acquisition between survey waves. We show that these “learning-through-survey” effects are large for household inflation expectations. Repeat survey participants generally have lower inflation expectations and uncertainty, particularly if their initial uncertainty was high. Consequently, repeat participants may be more informed about or attentive to inflation. This has important implications: for example, inflation expectations of new participants are more influenced by oil prices, and estimates of the elasticity of intertemporal substitution are lower for new participants. (JEL C83, D84, E31, E37, E58)
State-Dependent Attention and Pricing Decisions
Authors: Turen Javier
Published: March 2023

This paper studies price-setting decisions under rational inattention. Prices are set by tracking an unobserved target whose distribution is also unknown. Information acquisition is dynamic and fully flexible since, given information acquired previously, price setters choose the amount of information they collect as well as how they want to learn about both the outcome and its distribution. We show that by allowing for imperfect information to be the unique source of rigidity, the model can reconcile stylized facts in the microeconomic evidence on price setting while simultaneously being consistent with empirical results on state-dependent attention. (JEL D21, D82, D83, E32, L11, L25)
Ethics & Governance of Research: Focus on Research Ethics Committees globally, disparities across regions and the understanding of the structures and systems in place for publicly available information
Authors: Tzermpinou Anthi
Published: March 2023

This publication presents the findings of the Research submitted for the degree of MRes in Bioeconomy Biotechnology & Law that was conducted in May 2022 at the International Hellenic university in Thessaloniki, Greece. The original research purpose was to gather information on the coherence or disparities that exist in the current environment within the established ethics committees on the country or regional level. Several elements were taken into consideration on their structural systems in place in terms of: governance, standard operating procedures, trainings, and reporting systems (internal but as well as external)] but the outcome of this research serves also as a baseline as “the outcome of a person’s understanding (author) on the current environment based on publicly available information” to reach to the desired result which is to establish a clear understanding on the current procedures of the ethics committees from a person without extensive knowledge or constant exposure to their inner environment. Therefore, there are two elements that were simultaneously under research.

This article presents the results based on the findings of this research but as well the barriers (limitations and restraints) contributing to their understanding. The author provides closing recommendations on the organizational level but as well on a fundamental level to provide alignment but as well as a request for clarity on the existing publicly available information in a manner that is easy to understand to the simple reader which contributes to transparency on research.
Lean and Six Sigma Philosophies and Organizational Performance: A Study in Portuguese Laboratories
Authors: Craveiro Andreia , Lima Vanda , Santos Gilberto , Sá José Carlos , Lopes Miguel , Carvalho José Dinis
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This research aimed to make a diagnosis of the implementation of Lean and Six Sigma philosophies in Portuguese laboratories and to evaluate the impact of these philosophies on organizational performance.
Methodology/Approach: A quantitative research methodology was used, based on the survey research strategy, and using as data collection instrument an original online questionnaire, validated and distributed to the Portuguese laboratories via email. The sample was composed by 106 laboratories. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were applied to the data, using IBM SPSS software.
Findings: It was found that most laboratories do not know the Lean Approach and/or Six Sigma philosophies, and their implementation occurred in about one tenth of the sample. The laboratories that implemented the philosophies were found to have a larger number of employees and turnover. Finally, regarding organizational performance it was found to be superior in laboratories that implemented at least one of the philosophies when compared to laboratories that did not implement any Lean and/or Six Sigma philosophy.
Research Limitation/Implication: The small sample size, which corresponds to approximately 15% of the population, is the main limitation of the study.
Originality/Value of paper: This study is the first diagnosis on the application of Lean and Six Sigma philosophies made in the Portuguese laboratory market, and may provide relevant inputs for decision-making in this context.
StableFees: A Predictable Fee Market for Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Basu Soumya , Easley David , O’Hara Maureen , Sirer Emin Gün
Published: March 2023

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies must solve the problem of assigning priorities to competing transactions. The most widely used mechanism involves each transaction offering a fee to be paid once the transaction is processed, but this discriminatory price mechanism fails to yield stable equilibria with predictable prices. We propose an alternate fee setting mechanism, StableFees, that is based on uniform price auctions. We prove that our proposed protocol is free from manipulation by users and miners as the number of users and miners increases and show empirically that gains from manipulation are small in practice. We show that StableFees reduces the fees paid by users and reduces the variance of fee income to miners. Data from December 2017 show that, if implemented, StableFees could have saved Bitcoin users $272,528,000 USD in transaction fees while reducing the variance of miner’s fee income, on average, by a factor of 7.4. We argue that our fee protocol also has important social welfare and environmental benefits.

This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, Special Section of Management Science: Blockchains and Crypto Economics.

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4735 .
Living in Pain and Stigma: A Look at Lived Experiences of Mothers with Transsexual Adult Children
Authors: Khodabakhshi-Koolaee Anahita , Kaviani Leila
Published: March 2023

Purpose: A mother whose child wants to undergo gender transitioning may have different and even challenging experiences. These challenges are much more intense in the Middle East and Muslim countries than west countries, which are very conservative towards changes. This study aimed to explore lived experiences of mothers with transsexual adult children.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 mothers with transsexual adult children in 2021 from cities of Iran. Collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results: Data analysis revealed that lived experiences of mothers could be divided into five main themes: “mother’s negative and painful feelings”, “mother’s concerns about the future of the child”, and “Frustration in the face of negative and malicious reactions from family and intimate people”, “social stigma”, and “lack of professional and government support”.
Discussion
Findings of this study suggest that unawareness and inadequate information about transsexualism and gender change could cause fear, shame, and confusion in mothers with transsexual adult children. Non-governmental organizations and support associations in countries that are religiously conservative can serve as centers for informing the public and increasing their awareness.
Effects of Gratitude Disposition, Social Support, and Occupational Stress of Clinical Nurses on Grit
Authors: Lee Ha-Na , Wee Hwee
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This is a descriptive research that aims to identify the effects of clinical nurses' gratitude disposition, social support, and occupational stress on grit and provide basic data for the development of future grit promotion among clinical nurses.Methods: The study participants were 164 nurses who had worked at three general hospitals in Jeollabuk-do, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire from May 2022 to June 2022. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 23.0.Results: The average grit score was 42.26±5.48. Grit showed a positive correlation with gratitude disposition and social support and a negative correlation with occupational stress. The factors influencing grit were gratitude disposition, clinical experience of 12~60 months, and occupational stress; social support did not have any effect on grit. The explanatory power was 25.0%.Conclusion: Results confirmed that the higher the gratitude disposition among clinical nurses, the higher the grit; and the lower the occupational stress, the higher the grit. In order to increase grit among clinical nurses, measures at the nursing organization level, including training and programs that can strengthen gratitude disposition and reduce occupational stress, are needed.
Gambling with aesthetics: the hidden challenges of illicit advertising
Authors: Knight Dawn , Cairns Kimberley
Published: March 2023

In this JCCP piece, Dawn Knight and Kimberley Cairns talk about the regulations surrounding advertising and lotteries in the aesthetic industry
The Comparison Between the Effect of Atorvastatin and Nanoparticle Atorvastatin on Rat Liver
Authors: A Shoiab Aiman , Gardouh Ahmed , khwaldeh Alia , Alsarhan Ali
Published: March 2023

Objective: Statins are one of the most effective drugs for reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which main activity includes inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase that is involved in cholesterol synthesis. However, statins are associated with several side effects; the most commonly reported ones are those related to the liver. This study was conducted to compare the impact of two formulas of Atorvastatin: Atorvastatin calcium (ATV), and Nanoparticles of Atorvastatin (NATV) on the liver. Methods: thirty Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups; control group (n=10) (standard diet), Atorvastatin group (ATV) 40 mgkg group, and Nanoparticle Atorvastatin group (NATV) 40 mgkg. After 30 days, all rat groups were sacrificed. Results: In comparison with the control group, the ATV and NATV groups had a significant increase in the activities of liver enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) (p< 0.05). Compared with the ATV group, the NATV group had a significant increase in the activities of liver enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) (p< 0.05). Furthermore, the NATV group significantly reduced LDL, VLDL, TC, and TG compared to the control and ATV groups (p< 0.05). The histopathological examination showed hepatocyte necrosis and sinusoidal vessel congestion, which was more significant in the NATS group than in the ATV group. Conclusion: NATV can cause a significant increase in the level of liver enzymes and has a more histopathological effect on the liver than ATV.
Simultaneous Estimation of Ciprofloxacin and Tinidazole by U.V Spectrophotometer using a Hydrotropic Solubilization Technique
Authors: Babita Km. , Kalra Kapil , Rajpoot Neetu , Joshi Poonam , Pokhriyal Vandana
Published: March 2023

Advanced, easy and accurate UV spectroscopy technique (I & II) was developed for estimation of Ciprofloxacin and Tinidazole in bulk and tablet dosage form and validated using hydrotropic solubilization techniques. In Method I we focused on solving the simultaneous equation on the basis of absorbance measurement at 270nm and 320nm wavelength of Ciprofloxacin and Tinidazole individually in 2M urea solution which results in enhancement of solubility of CPH and TNZ to about 15 folds as compared to distilled water.Strategy II is lay out idea of Q-analysis in which absorbance was estimated at 288nm (iso-absorptive point) 270nm (λmax of CPH) in 2M urea. Ciprofloxacin and Tinidazole display linearity at chose frequencies and comply with Beer's regulation in the focus scope of 0.2-1.2μg/mL and 10 to 60μg/mL separately. Recovery reads up for CPS and TNZ were completed and rate recuperation of the medications gotten in the scope of 99.2 - 99.6% (Method A) and 98.0-100.8% (Method B) affirming the exactness of the proposed strategy. Both the techniques showed great reproducibility and recuperation with %RSD less than 2. Factual approval of the information shows that the proposed strategies can be effectively applied for the standard examination of medications in business tablets.
Effectiveness of Collaboration in VET: Measuring Skills for Solving Complex Vocational Problems With a Multidimensional Authentic Technology-Based Assessment
Authors: Paeßens Jessica , Ma Beifang , Winther Esther
Published: March 2023

Context:Collaboration and digitization in work and production process have been of scientific interest in the research field of vocational education and training for decades. So far, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the extent to which the performance of collaborative problem-solving can outperform individual problem-solving. An appropriate instrument for measuring collaborative performance appropriately has been lacking to this point: It is challenging to (1) collect data on interaction in collaboration in a standardized way and (2) to assign the individual performances to the group performance. In a web-based office simulation, this study examined the two-dimensional construct of collaborative problem-solving ability, which consists of cognitive and social components, and explored the effectiveness of collaboration.

Methods:The test settings are systematically varied between individual and collaborative problem-solving in a domain-typical problem scenario in the economic domain. A theory-driven two-dimensional authentic instrument with a complex commercial problem in a web-based office simulation was applied to measure the performance in these two test settings. Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to test for measurement invariance across test settings, the two-dimensional RASCH-Model incorporating between-item multidimensionality with correlated dimensions was used for ability estimation. ANOVA test was conducted to determine if there is a statistically significant difference with respect to the ability between the individual and collaborative test settings.

Findings:The two-dimensional construct of collaborative problem-solving ability with correlated dimensions showed better fit than the unidimensional construct. The scalar measurement invariance was established after excluding three items. ANOVA tests confirmed that the collaborative setting enhances the problem-solving ability of learners significantly in both the cognitive component and social component, and the ability in cognitive component was more fostered.

Conclusion:The findings suggested the validation of this multidimensional authentic instrument to measure the performance in a collaborative work environment in economic domains. The results showed the effectiveness of collaboration with a computer-based agent. In the practice of vocational training and education, teachers can use this instrument for the evaluation of the effectiveness of collaboration.
The Implementation of Dual Vocational Education and Training in Spain: Analysis of Company Tutors in the Tourism Sector
Authors: Marrero-Rodríguez Josefa-Rosa , Stendardi David
Published: March 2023

Context: Vocational education and training (VET) has become a key issue in today's highly dynamic business, technological and economic environment, with a complex diversity of systems within the European Union. This paper aims to study the implementation of dual VET in Spain, focusing on the working conditions of company tutors in the tourism sector of Andalusia and the Canary Islands.Approach: Dual VET has been implemented in different ways, both between the different autonomous regions and professional areas since it was launched in 2012. In order to analyse these differences, interviews with teachers, head teachers, students and company tutors were carried out, between 2020 and 2021, in centres that had implemented dual vocational education training and centres that had not. The educational programme in dual VET implies a closer collaboration between schools and companies, as both are active training areas; the training objectives are shared between the school and the company. In this study, the company tutor is studied in his or her facet as trainer and assessor; but special emphasis is placed on the characteristics of the tourism sector, given its relevance in understanding the educational processes involved. Three dimensions underpin the analysis: the characteristics of the company tutor, the training and assessment processes implemented and the link that both maintain with the dynamics of tourism companies.Findings: In general terms, the initial assumptions put forward are confirmed. Firstly, the educational centre leads the process, taking the initiative yet without having the conditions of governance and negotiation typical of the Germanic countries from which these vocational education training systems originate. Secondly, the main characteristics of the company tutor are heterogeneity and informality. Thirdly, the contents and methodology are conditioned by the characteristics of the tourism sector. And finally, assessment also follows informal and changing procedures, generating tensions between the educational centre and company.Conclusions: These results give rise to some theoretical reflections. If the education system is an institution based on the principle of equality, it is worth asking to what extent dual VET can alter this principle, as the company adapts some of the contents and learning outcomes to its specific needs. In addition, an important differentiating factor that marks the learning dynamics has been detected: the size of the company. The difference in size may also influence the future prospects of trainees joining the workforce after completion of VET studies.
Migraciones cruzadas en Yugoslavia
Authors: Aquilué Junyent Inés , Ruiz Sánchez Javier
Published: March 2023

Las migraciones transforman el sistema social en términos que afectan al sistema espacial al que se acoplan. Los desplazamientos cruzados en el marco de la guerra de Bosnia-Herzegovina no solo han afectado a su composición social y demográfica, sino que también han modificado su paisaje, y es rastreable tanto el ejercicio de violencia ligado a la guerracomo el diseño espacial excluyente de la posguerra. Así, descubrimos cómo la reconfiguración social y espacial de Bosnia-Herzegovina y Sarajevo es el resultado de un proceso de simplificación y homogeneización a través de migraciones cruzadas.Palabras clave: guerra de Bosnia y Herzegovina, sistemas urbanos, desplazamientos forzados, violencia, biopoder.
El Regañón: una posición avanzada republicana de media montaña en el Frente Norte (San Emiliano, León)
Authors: Llamazares González Javier
Published: March 2023

En el presente artículo se describen los resultados de la prospección y excavación llevadas a cabo en las estructuras de la Guerra Civil española en el paraje de El Regañón (San Emiliano, León) durante el mes de agosto de 2020. La zona intervenida conformó una posición avanzada republicana de media montaña en el Frente Norte, jugando un papel destacado en la defensa del Puerto de Ventana, paso natural hacia el concejo de Teverga en el Principado de Asturias, entre julio de 1936 y octubre de 1937.
La II República contra las fiebres tifoideas: vertebración del territorio y agua potable. Aproximación histórica a las políticas legislativas y preventivas, 1931-1939
Authors: Monge Juárez Mariano
Published: March 2023

La fiebre tifoidea es una enfermedad infecciosa, relacionada con el acceso al agua potable, por tanto, se trata de una enfermedad de marcado carácter social e íntimamente unida a las crisis y las desigualdades económicas. La orientación social de las políticas sanitarias de la II República se ocupa de las fiebres tifoideas mediante una legislación preventiva, que, sobre todo, aborda el problema del acceso al agua potable en el mundo rural. Este artículo trata de sintetizar las respuestas del Estado republicano a un problema endémico en el ámbito de la biopolítica, y centra su principal objeto de estudio en el campo de las estrategias legislativas de carácter preventivo, que, hacia 1936, consiguen una drástica disminución de la mortalidad por fiebres tifoideas. La Guerra Civil supone un contexto crítico ante el cual el gobierno instalado en Barcelona establecerá por primera vez la vacunación obligatoria contra las fiebres tifoideas desde noviembre de 1937
La participación, factor multiplicador en las prácticas de aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Novella Ana
Published: March 2023

El aprendizaje-servicio (ApS) es una de las prácticas que favorecen la formación de una ciudadanía activa y comprometida. La participación se manifiesta en el ApS con su carácter multidimensional como principio educativo, procedimiento metodológico, proceso de cambio, contenido formativo, valor democrático, ejercicio político y elemento emocional. El artículo reflexiona alrededor de los factores multiplicadores de la participación que se pueden accionar en las prácticas de aprendizaje-servicio, amplificando su potencial formativo y favorecedor de la construcción de una ciudadanía activa. Estos factores sitúan a chicos y chicas como agentes activos en la toma de decisión de implicarse en el servicio, de su diseño y planificación, del liderazgo de la participación, del desarrollo de la acción colaborativa, y de la reflexión desde la acción, en la acción y para la acción. Por último, los factores multiplicadores favorecen la construcción de la representación del “nosotros ciudadanos” implicados y capaces de contribuir en la transformación de nuestro entorno.
El corpus ESLORA de español oral: un recurso para la investigación en ELE
Authors: Vázquez Rozas Victoria , Blanco Marta
Published: March 2023

En esta contribución se presenta el corpus ESLORA (https://eslora.usc.es/) y se describen, mediante ejemplos concretos, algunas de sus posibilidades de explotación como recurso para la investigación en español lengua extranjera (ELE). En primer lugar (§ 1.1), se contextualiza el proyecto y se resumen sus objetivos generales; en el § 1.2 se presentan las características de composición y diseño del corpus, con especial atención a aquellos aspectos directamente relacionados con sus posibilidades de explotación para la investigación lingüística; y en el § 1.3 se exponen las opciones que ofrece la interfaz de consulta para recuperar la información. La segunda parte incluye la descripción de varios casos prácticos de utilización del corpus para el estudio de fenómenos relevantes en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de ELE. El § 2.1 está dedicado a dos mecanismos derivativos, los afijos -ito/a/os/as y super-; el § 2.2 trata aspectos de la combinatoria sintáctica de los verbos ser y estar; el § 2.3 se centra en el uso y valores de las partículas discursivas; por último, en el § 2.4 se recoge un ejemplo de trabajo colaborativo entre docentes e investigadores de acuerdo con la metodología de investigación-acción, que atiende a la expresión del futuro en español.
All-optical quantum information processing via a single-step Rydberg blockade gate
Authors: Khazali Mohammadsadegh
Published: March 2023

One of the critical elements in the realization of the quantum internet are deterministic two-photon gates. This CZ photonic gate also completes a set of universal gates for all-optical quantum information processing. This article discusses an approach to realize a high fidelity CZ photonic gate by storing both control and target photons within an atomic ensemble using non-Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) followed by a fast, single-step Rydberg excitation with global lasers. The proposed scheme operates by relative intensity modulation of two lasers used in Rydberg excitation. Circumventing the conventional π-gap-π schemes, the proposed operation features continuous laser protection of the Rydberg atoms from the environment noise. The complete spatial overlap of stored photons inside the blockade radius optimizes the optical depth and simplifies the experiment. The coherent operation here is performed in the region that was dissipative in the previous Rydberg EIT schemes. Encountering the main imperfection sources, i.e., the spontaneous emission of the Rydberg and intermediate levels, population rotation errors, Doppler broadening of the transition lines, storage/retrieval efficiency, and atomic thermal motion induced decoherence, this article concludes that with realistic experimental parameters 99.7% fidelity is achievable.
The changing dynamics of ant-tree cholla mutualisms along a desert urbanization gradient
Authors: Lynch Shannon C. , Savage Amy M.
Published: March 2023

Urbanization, among the most widespread and multifaceted anthropogenic change drivers, exerts strong influences on a diversity of ecological communities worldwide. We have begun to understand how urbanization affects species diversity, yet we still have limited knowledge about the ways that species interactions are altered by urbanization. We have an especially poor understanding of how urbanization influences stress-buffering mutualisms, despite the high levels of multivariate stress that urban organisms must overcome and the importance of these interactions to the fitness of many organisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of urbanization on a mutualism between tree cholla cacti (Cylindropuntia imbricata) and visiting ants. We first examined how plant size, ant species composition, and ant activity varied on C. imbricata across an urbanization gradient (urban, suburban, wild) in and around Albuquerque, NM. Ant species composition and activity varied significantly across the urbanization gradient, with ant communities from wildlands having the highest activity and the most dissimilar species composition compared to both suburban and urban sites. In contrast, plant size remained constant regardless of site type. We then experimentally assessed how nectar levels influenced ant aggressive encounters with proxy prey (Drosophila melanogaster larvae) on C. imbricata across urban and wild sites. Ants were more likely to discover, attack, and remove proxy prey in wild sites compared to urban sites; they also performed these behaviors more quickly in wild sites. Nectar supplementation had weaker effects on ant aggression than urbanization, but consistently increased the speed at which aggressive behaviors occurred. Future studies that examine nectar quality and herbivorous arthropod abundance may help explain why this strong difference in ant composition and aggression was not associated with lower plant fitness proxies (i.e. size traits). Nevertheless, this study provides unique insight into the growing body of work demonstrating that mutualisms vary significantly across urbanization gradients.
Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in intracranial haemorrhage: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xiong Yu , Guo Xiumei , Huang Xinyue , Kang Xiaodong , Zhou Jianfeng , Chen Chunhui , Pan Zhigang , Wang Linxing , Goldbrunner Roland , Stavrinou Lampis , Stavrinou Pantelis , Lin Shu , Chen Yuping , Hu Weipeng , Zheng Feng
Published: March 2023

Background

Although some studies have shown that tranexamic acid is beneficial to patients with intracranial haemorrhage, the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid for intracranial haemorrhage remain controversial.

Method

The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Data were analyzed using the random-effects model.

Results

Twenty-five randomized controlled trials were included. Tranexamic acid significantly inhibited hematoma growth in intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. (ICH: mean difference -1.76, 95%CI -2.78 to -0.79, I2 = 0%, P < .001; TBI: MD -4.82, 95%CI -8.06 to -1.58, I2 = 0%, P = .004). For subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients, it significantly decreased the risk of hydrocephalus (OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.50, I2 = 0%, P = .04) and rebleeding (OR, 0.52, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.79, I2 = 56% P = .002). There was no significance in modified Rankin Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale 3–5, mortality, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or ischemic stroke/transient ischemic.

Conclusion

Tranexamic acid can significantly reduce the risk of intracranial haemorrhage growth in patients with ICH and TBI. Tranexamic acid can reduce the incidence of complications (hydrocephalus, rebleeding) in patients with SAH, which can indirectly improve the quality of life of patients with intracranial haemorrhage.