bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances and future perspectives of sol–gel derived porous bioactive glasses: a review
Authors: Deshmukh Kalim , Kovářík Tomáš , Křenek Tomáš , Docheva Denitsa , Stich Theresia , Pola Josef
Published: September 2020

Sol–gel derived bioactive glasses have been extensively explored as a promising and highly porous scaffold materials for bone tissue regeneration applications owing to their exceptional osteoconductivity, osteostimulation and degradation rates.
PLS and N-PLS based MIA-QSPR modeling of the photodegradation half-lives for polychlorinated biphenyl congeners
Authors: Jalili-Jahani Nasser , Fatehi Azadeh , Zeraatkar Ehsan
Published: September 2020

Multivariate image analysis as a useful tool in environmental risk assessment studies.
Equivalence of difluorodichloromethane (CFC-12) hydrolysis catalyzed by solid acid(base) MoO3(MgO)/ZrO2
Authors: Li Zhiqian , Tan Xiaofang , Ren Guoqin , Chang Yu , Jia Lijuan , Duan Kaijiao , Liu Tiancheng
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a solid acid(base) MoO3(MgO)/ZrO2 was prepared for the catalytic hydrolysis of difluorodichloromethane (CFC-12).
Recent advances and prospects in the palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides
Authors: Neetha Mohan , Afsina C. M. A. , Aneeja Thaipparambil , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: September 2020

Aryl nitriles are an inevitable part of synthetic organic chemistry. This review summarizes the recent developments in palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides from 2012–2020.
Exploring the molecular reorientations in amorphous rosuvastatin calcium
Authors: Belozerova N. M. , Bilski P. , Jarek M. , Jenczyk J. , Kichanov S. E. , Kozlenko D. P. , Mielcarek J. , Pajzderska A. , Wąsicki J.
Published: September 2020

Molecular reorientations in rosuvastatin calcium, a drug that is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease, were explored thoroughly by means of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C NMR) combined with calculations of steric hindrances.
Nanostructured cobalt antimonate: a fast responsive and highly stable sensing material for liquefied petroleum gas detection at room temperature
Authors: Singh Satyendra , Singh Archana , Singh Ajendra , Rathore Sanjeev , Yadav B. C. , Tandon Poonam
Published: September 2020

Modulation in electrical resistance of the sensing layer due to interaction (adsorption and reactions) with LPG.
Near-infrared-IIb probe affords ultrahigh contrast inflammation imaging
Authors: Hua Cong , Huang Biao , Jiang Yingying , Zhu Shoujun , Cui Ran
Published: September 2020

The NIR-IIb probe (over 1500 nm) with multilayer surface coating has improved biocompatibility and affords long-term visualization of blood vessels and inflammation sites.
A strategy towards the synthesis of superhydrophobic/superoleophilic non-fluorinated polypyrrole nanotubes for oil–water separation
Authors: Jha Purushottam , Koiry Shankar P. , Sridevi C. , Putta Veerender , Gupta Deeksha , Chauhan Anil K.
Published: September 2020

Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic polypyrrole nanotubes for oil–water separation.
The synthesis of polyaspartic acid derivative PASP-Im and investigation of its scale inhibition performance and mechanism in industrial circulating water
Authors: Guo Xinyu , Zhao Xiaowei , Xu Yanhua , Zhang Panpan , Cheng Yamin , Xu Ying
Published: September 2020

A polyaspartic acid derivative (PASP-Im) as a novel scale inhibitor was synthesized by a simple green synthesis route with polysuccinimide and iminodiacetic acid as the starting materials.
Fluorescent probe based on N-doped carbon dots for the detection of intracellular pH and glutathione
Authors: Lin Meihua , Ma Xin , Lin Shijun , Zhang Xiaojin , Dai Yu , Xia Fan
Published: September 2020

N-doped carbon dots used as a fluorescence probe can distinguish cancer cells from normal cells by pH and evaluate intracellular GSH.
Crystal structure and metallization mechanism of the π-radical metal TED
Authors: Kobayashi Yuka , Hirata Kazuto , Hood Samantha N. , Yang Hui , Walsh Aron , Matsushita Yoshitaka , Ishioka Kunie
Published: September 2020

The molecular arrangement that enables metallic conduction in a single-component pure organic crystal is revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Direct electrochemical defluorinative carboxylation of α-CF3 alkenes with carbon dioxide
Authors: Gao Xiao-Tong , Zhang Zheng , Wang Xin , Tian Jun-Song , Xie Shi-Liang , Zhou Feng , Zhou Jian
Published: September 2020

A γ-carboxylation of α-CF3 alkenes with CO2 using platinum plate as both working cathode and nonsacrificial anode has been developed.
An experimental approach for controlling confinement effects at catalyst interfaces
Authors: Slot Thierry K. , Riley Nathan , Shiju N. Raveendran , Medlin J. Will , Rothenberg Gadi
Published: September 2020

Designable materials help pinpoint the role of steric confinement in catalysis.
How size ratio and segregation affect the packing of binary granular mixtures
Authors: Pillitteri Salvatore , Opsomer Eric , Lumay Geoffroy , Vandewalle Nicolas
Published: September 2020

For reaching high packing fractions, grains of various sizes are often mixed together allowing the small grains to fill the voids created by the large ones. However, in most cases, granular segregation occurs leading to lower packing fractions. We show how a layered packing or a gradient segregation affects the global packing fraction.
Quantifying the impact of disorder on Li-ion and Na-ion transport in perovskite titanate solid electrolytes for solid-state batteries
Authors: Symington Adam R. , Purton John , Statham Joel , Molinari Marco , Islam M. Saiful , Parker Stephen C.
Published: September 2020

Solid electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries are generating considerable research interest as a means to improving their safety, stability and performance.
Biomass in situ conversion to Fe single atomic sites coupled with Fe2O3 clusters embedded in porous carbons for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Lei Ying , Yang Fuwen , Xie Huaming , Lei Yongpeng , Liu Xingyong , Si Yujun , Wang Honghui
Published: September 2020

Small metal clusters have received increasing attention due to their attractive and superior performance in electrocatalytic energy conversion.
The influence of ruthenium substitution in LaCoO3 towards bi-functional electrocatalytic activity for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Chandrappa Shivaraju Guddehalli , Moni Prabu , Chen Dehong , Karkera Guruprakash , Prakasha Kunkanadu R. , Caruso Rachel A. , Prakash Annigere S.
Published: September 2020

The rechargeable zinc–air battery is a clean technology for energy storage applications but is impeded by the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during its cycling.
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based membranes for advanced separation
Authors: Wang Yang , Gao Baoyu , Yue Qinyan , Wang Zhining
Published: September 2020

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), which is composed of replicate tri-s-triazine units, has received tremendous attention in the area of membrane-based technologies.
Achieving over 4% efficiency for SnS/CdS thin-film solar cells by improving the heterojunction interface quality
Authors: Cho Jae Yu , Kim SeongYeon , Nandi Raju , Jang Junsung , Yun Hee-Sun , Enkhbayar Enkhjargal , Kim Jin Hyeok , Lee Doh-Kwon , Chung Choong-Heui , Kim JunHo , Heo Jaeyeong
Published: September 2020

The highest efficiency of 4.225% for vapor-transport-deposited SnS absorber/CdS heterojunction solar cells with good long-term stability over two years is achieved.
Bandgap engineering of novel peryleno[1,12-bcd]thiophene sulfone-based conjugated co-polymers for significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution without co-catalyst
Authors: Ye Haonan , Wang Zhiqiang , Yang Zhicheng , Zhang Shicong , Gong Xueqing , Hua Jianli
Published: September 2020

A peryleno[1,12-bcd]thiophene sulfone based conjugated co-polymer PS-5 achieved so far highest HERs of 7.5 mmol h−1 g−1 without Pt-loading.
Multi-channel exciton dissociation in D18/Y6 complexes for high-efficiency organic photovoltaics
Authors: Cao Zhixing , Yang Shu , Wang Bo , Shen Xingxing , Han Guangchao , Yi Yuanping
Published: September 2020

Excitons in D18/Y16 solar cells can be efficiently dissociated under small hole-transfer driving forces via multiple channels.
From bulk to nano-delivery of essential phytochemicals: recent progress and strategies for antibacterial resistance
Authors: Gafur Alidha , Sukamdani Gerry Yusuf , Kristi Natalia , Maruf Ali , Xu Jing , Chen Xue , Wang Guixue , Ye Zhiyi
Published: September 2020

Nano-delivery helps to improve the solubility, stability, and efficacy of essential phytochemicals for the inhibition of bacterial resistance.
High-density polyethylene—an inert additive with stabilizing effects on organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Scaccabarozzi Alberto D. , Basham James I. , Yu Liyang , Westacott Paul , Zhang Weimin , Amassian Aram , McCulloch Iain , Caironi Mario , Gundlach David J. , Stingelin Natalie
Published: September 2020

The employment of binary blends comprising the insulating polymer HDPE in combination with hole- and electron-transporting organic semiconductors enables fabrication of OTFTs of notably improved device stability and performance.
High fluorescence LaOBr/coumarin organic–inorganic composite nanomaterials for ultra-sensitive Fe3+ sensing, fluorescence imaging and water-based ink anti-counterfeiting applications
Authors: Sun Liheng , Liu Jingshi , Xu Shihan , Dong Biao , Lv Jiekai , Hu Songtao , Zhou Bingshuai , Shen Bo , Wang Yuqi , Xu Lin , Xu Wen , Bai Xue , Song Hongwei
Published: September 2020

Organic–inorganic composite materials have a wide range of applications in ion detection, fluorescence imaging, and ink anti-counterfeiting.
Synthesis, crystal structure, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and electroluminescence properties of a novel emitting material based on pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole
Authors: Wang Hongbo , Huo Jinnan , Tong Hongbo , Wei Xuehong , Zhang Ying , Li Yanbo , Chen Shuming , Shi Heping , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: September 2020

A novel electroluminescent material based on pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole as skeleton and donor group and dimesitylborons as accept groups has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.
Quantitative measurements of the somatic cell count of fat-free milk based on droplet microfluidics
Authors: Zeng Wen , Fu Hai
Published: September 2020

Based on droplet microfluidics, we demonstrate a new method that can quantitatively measure the somatic cell count (SCC) of fat-free milk.
Aerodynamic and Acoustic Voice Measures Before and After an Acute Public Speaking Stressor
Authors: Perrine Brittany L. , Scherer Ronald C.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The goal of this study was to determine if differences in stress system activation lead to changes in speaking fundamental frequency, average oral airflow, and estimated subglottal pressure before and after an acute, psychosocial stressor.

Method

Eighteen vocally healthy adult females experienced the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to activate the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. The TSST includes public speaking and performing mental arithmetic in front of an audience. At seven time points, three before the stressor and four after the stressor, the participants produced /pa/ repetitions, read the Rainbow Passage, and provided a saliva sample. Measures included (a) salivary cortisol level, (b) oral airflow, (c) estimated subglottal pressure, and (d) speaking fundamental frequency from the second sentence of the Rainbow Passage.

Results

Ten of the 18 participants experienced a hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to stress as indicated by a 2.5-nmol/L increase in salivary cortisol from before the TSST to after the TSST. Those who experienced a response to stress had a significantly higher speaking fundamental frequency before and immediately after the stressor than later after the stressor. No other variable varied significantly due to the stressor.

Conclusions

This study suggests that the idiosyncratic and inconsistent voice changes reported in the literature may be explained by differences in stress system activation. In addition, laryngeal aerodynamic measures appear resilient to changes due to acute stress. Further work is needed to examine the influence of other stress systems and if these findings hold for dysphonic individuals.
Narrative Language Markers of Arabic Language Development and Impairment
Authors: Rakhlin Natalia V. , Li Nan , Aljughaiman Abdullah , Grigorenko Elena L.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

We examined indices of narrative microstructure as metrics of language development and impairment in Arabic-speaking children. We examined their age sensitivity, correlations with standardized measures, and ability to differentiate children with average language and language impairment.

Method

We collected story narratives from 177 children (54.2% boys) between 3.08 and 10.92 years old (
M
= 6.25,
SD
= 1.67) divided into six age bands. Each child also received standardized measures of spoken language (Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary, Sentence Imitation, and Pseudoword Repetition). Several narrative indices of microstructure were examined in each age band. Children were divided into (suspected) developmental language disorder and typical language groups using the standardized test scores and compared on the narrative indicators. Sensitivity and specificity of the narrative indicators that showed group differences were calculated.

Results

The measures that showed age sensitivity included subject omission error rate, number of object clitics, correct use of subject–verb agreement, and mean length of utterance in words. The developmental language disorder group scored higher on subject omission errors (Cohen's
d
= 0.55) and lower on correct use of subject–verb agreement (Cohen's
d
= 0.48) than the typical language group. The threshold for impaired performance with the highest combination of specificity and sensitivity was 35th percentile.

Conclusions

Several indices of narrative microstructure appear to be valid metrics for documenting language development in children acquiring Gulf Arabic. Subject omission errors and correct use of subject–verb agreement differentiate children with typical and atypical levels of language development.
Social Communication and Structural Language of Girls With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Burton Jenny M. , Creaghead Nancy A. , Silbert Noah , Breit-Smith Allison , Duncan Amie W. , Grether Sandra M.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to characterize social communication and structural language of school-age girls with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) compared to a matched group of girls who are typically developing (TD).

Method

Participants were 37 girls between 7;5 and 15;2 (years;months)—18 HF-ASD and 19 TD. Children completed the Test of Pragmatic Language–Second Edition (TOPL-2) and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition. Parents completed the Children's Communication Checklist–2 United States Edition (CCC-2) and Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition.

Results

In the area of social communication, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2. However, 28% and 33% earned average scores on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2, respectively. In the area of structural language, no significant differences were found between groups on Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition indexes. In contrast, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition. Sixty-one percent and 83% scored below average on the Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains, respectively.

Conclusions

It has been argued that girls with HF-ASD, when compared to boys with HF-ASD, may have advantages for social communication and structural language that mask their impairments. However, when compared to girls who are TD, girls with HF-ASD demonstrated impaired social communication and structural language. Clinicians should include and carefully examine multiple sources of information when assessing girls with HF-ASD.
Source-region characteristics of anemone active regions in the ascending phase of solar cycle 24
Authors: Sharma R. , Cid C.
Published: September 2020

Context. Active regions in close proximity to coronal holes, also known as anemone regions, are the best candidates for studying the interaction between closed and open magnetic field topologies at the Sun. Statistical investigation of their source-region characteristics can provide vital clues regarding their possible association with energetic events, relevant from space weather perspectives.

Aims. The main goal of our study is to understand the distinct properties of flaring and non-flaring anemone active regions and their host coronal holes, by examining spatial and magnetic field distributions during the rise phase of the solar cycle, in the years 2011–2014.

Methods. Anemone regions were identified from the minimum-distance threshold, estimated using the data available in the online catalogs for on-disk active regions and coronal holes. Along with the source-region area and magnetic field characteristics, associated filament and flare cases were also located. Regions with and without flare events were further selected for a detailed statistical examination to understand the major properties of the energetic events, both eruptive and confined, at the anemone-type active regions.

Results. Identified anemone regions showed weak asymmetry in their spatial distribution over the solar disk, with yearly average independent from mean sunspot number trend, during the rise phase of solar cycle 24. With the progression in solar cycle, the area and minimum-distance parameters indicated a decreasing trend in their magnitudes, while the magnetic field characteristics indicated an increase in their estimated magnitudes. More than half of the regions in our database had an association with a filament structure, and nearly a third were linked with a magnetic reconnection (flare) event. Anemone regions with and without flares had clear distinctions in their source-region characteristics evident from the distribution of their properties and density analysis. The key differences included larger area and magnetic field magnitudes for flaring anemone regions, along with smaller distances between the centers of the active region and its host coronal hole.
New insights on the massive interacting binary UU Cassiopeiae
Authors: Mennickent R. E. , Djurašević G. , Vince I. , Garcés J. , Hadrava P. , Cabezas M. , Petrović J. , Jurkovic M. I. , Korčáková D. , Markov H.
Published: September 2020

We present the results of our study of the close binary UU Cassiopeiae based on previously published multiwavelength photometric and spectroscopic data. Based on eclipse timings from the last 117 years, we find an improved orbital period of Po = 8.d519296(8). In addition, we find a long cycle of length T ∼ 270 d in the Ic-band data. There is no evidence for orbital period change over the last century, suggesting that the rate of mass loss from the system or mass exchange between the stars is small. Sporadic and rapid brightness drops of up to ΔV = 0.3 mag are detected throughout the orbital cycle, and infrared photometry clearly suggests the presence of circumstellar matter. We model the orbital light curve of 11 published datasets, fixing the mass ratio and cooler star temperature from previous spectroscopic work: q = 0.52 and Tc = 22 700 K. We find a system seen at an angle of 74° with a stellar separation of 52 R⊙, a temperature for the hotter star of Th = 30 200 K and, for the hotter and cooler stars, respectively, stellar masses of 17.4 and 9 M⊙, radii of 7.0 and 16.9 R⊙, and surface gravities log g = 3.98 and 2.94. We find an accretion disk surrounding the more massive star that has a radius of 21 R⊙ and a vertical thickness at its outer edge of 6.5 R⊙; the disk nearly occults the hotter star. Two active regions hotter than the surrounding disk are found, one located roughly in the expected position where the stream impacts the disk and the other on the opposite side of the disk. Changes are observed in parameters of the disk and spots in different datasets.
Direct confirmation of the radial-velocity planetβPictoris c
Authors: Nowak M. , Lacour S. , Lagrange A.-M. , Rubini P. , Wang J. , Stolker T. , Abuter R. , Amorim A. , Asensio-Torres R. , Bauböck M. , Benisty M. , Berger J. P. , Beust H. , Blunt S. , Boccaletti A. , Bonnefoy M. , Bonnet H. , Brandner W. , Cantalloube F. , Charnay B. , Choquet E. , Christiaens V. , Clénet Y. , Coudé du Foresto V. , Cridland A. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Dembet R. , Dexter J. , Drescher A. , Duvert G. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Gao F. , Garcia P. , Garcia Lopez R. , Gardner T. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Girard J. , Grandjean A. , Haubois X. , Heißel G. , Henning T. , Hinkley S. , Hippler S. , Horrobin M. , Houllé M. , Hubert Z. , Jiménez-Rosales A. , Jocou L. , Kammerer J. , Kervella P. , Keppler M. , Kreidberg L. , Kulikauskas M. , Lapeyrère V. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Mérand A. , Maire A.-L. , Mollière P. , Monnier J. D. , Mouillet D. , Müller A. , Nasedkin E. , Ott T. , Otten G. , Paumard T. , Paladini C. , Perraut K. , Perrin G. , Pueyo L. , Pfuhl O. , Rameau J. , Rodet L. , Rodríguez-Coira G. , Rousset G. , Scheithauer S. , Shangguan J. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Tacconi L. J. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Vigan A. , Vincent F. , von Fellenberg S. D. , Ward-Duong K. , Widmann F. , Wieprecht E. , Wiezorrek E. , Woillez J. ,   the GRAVITY Collaboration
Published: September 2020

Context.Methods used to detect giant exoplanets can be broadly divided into two categories: indirect and direct. Indirect methods are more sensitive to planets with a small orbital period, whereas direct detection is more sensitive to planets orbiting at a large distance from their host star. This dichotomy makes it difficult to combine the two techniques on a single target at once.

Aims.Simultaneous measurements made by direct and indirect techniques offer the possibility of determining the mass and luminosity of planets and a method of testing formation models. Here, we aim to show how long-baseline interferometric observations guided by radial-velocity can be used in such a way.

Methods.We observed the recently-discovered giant planetβPictoris c with GRAVITY, mounted on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer.

Results.This study constitutes the first direct confirmation of a planet discovered through radial velocity. We find that the planet has a temperature ofT = 1250 ± 50 K and a dynamical mass ofM = 8.2 ± 0.8 MJup. At 18.5 ± 2.5 Myr, this putsβPic c close to a ‘hot start’ track, which is usually associated with formation via disk instability. Conversely, the planet orbits at a distance of 2.7 au, which is too close for disk instability to occur. The low apparent magnitude (MK = 14.3 ± 0.1) favours a core accretion scenario.

Conclusions.We suggest that this apparent contradiction is a sign of hot core accretion, for example, due to the mass of the planetary core or the existence of a high-temperature accretion shock during formation.
Investigating the influence of seating area design and enclosure on the seat-dip effect using scale model measurements
Authors: Tahvanainen Henna , Lokki Tapio , Jang Hyung-Suk , Jeon Jin-Yong
Published: September 2020

The low-frequency attenuation in the direct sound due to the concert hall seats, i.e., the seat-dip effect, is studied with the help of a scale model comprising an adjustable seating area and an enclosed box. More particularly, different seat underpass sizes and floor raking angles are studied, and the results are averaged over multiple source positions. With the measurements on the seating area only, the main seat-dip frequency is found to depend on the seat back rest height, and on the degree of obstruction of the seat underpass. The attenuation bandwidth is found to depend mainly on the floor raking. The differences become less clear when seating area is enclosed by concert hall walls and ceiling because the early reflections from the concert hall geometry compensate the low-frequency attenuation in the direct sound. In addition, the low frequencies below the main seat-dip frequency are found to increase in the presence of unobstructed seat underpasses, and such seats are recommended for the maximal bass response in a concert hall.
Generation of correlation and covariance matrices for the recommended temporal DN parameters in 6- and 8-group models
Authors: Piksaikin Vladimir M. , Egorov Andrey S. , Gremyachkin Dmitrii E. , Mitrofanov Konstantin V. , Mitrofanov Vjacheslav F.
Published: September 2020

In the present work the new data on correlation and covariance matrices have been calculated for all recommended data on temporal parameters of delayed neutrons in 6- and 8-group models. The method for producing the correlation and covariance data for the temporal DN parameters is described. The table of changes is listed in the text. Some examples of the data generated on basis of experimental DN decay curves (for IPPE data) and data generated on the basis of decay curves restored using temporal parameters (for works of another authors) are listed too.
Evaluation ofEucalyptus trianthaTimber for Structural Applications
Authors: Nogueira Marta C.J.A. , de Araujo Victor A. , Vasconcelos Juliano S. , Christoforo André L. , Lahr Francisco A.R.
Published: September 2020

Eucalypt wood is an important raw material with multiple uses applied for furniture, pulp and paper, charcoal, biomass, and construction. Sixteen tests were performed to evaluate physical and mechanical properties ofEucalyptus triantha,which could estimate the possibility of utilization of this woody material in construction. In all, about 267 repeats were realized. Two moisture contents were regarded according to the Brazilian and American standard documents: fiber saturation point (30%) and standard dried point (12%). Results were statistically treated with t-test and demonstrated increases in six mechanical properties fromEucalyptus trianthawood species: rupture moduli in perpendicular and parallel compressions and static bending; elasticity moduli in parallel tensile, perpendicular compression, and static bending. Volumetric mass and bulk densities were practically stable. Physical and mechanical properties estimation evinced thatEucalyptus trianthawood can be used in structural elements.
A Case Report of Dendritic Fibromyxolipoma in the Back of Pediatric Patient
Authors: Jin Yanling , Zhang Lizhi
Published: September 2020

Objective To investigate the pathologic features and differential diagnosis of a pediatric dendritic fibromyxolipoma (DFML).

Methods We collected one case of dendritic fibromyxolipoma in the back of a pediatric patient (6 years old, female) diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. The case of DFML was studied by H&E and MaxVision immunohistochemical staining. The clinical and pathological features were analyzed with review of the literatures

Results The tumor was round or ovoid in shape and appeared in the surface of back. Microscopically, the tumor was mainly consisted of stellate to spindle cells, rope-like collagen fibers and varying amount of mature lipocytes embedded in myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that spindle cells and stellate cells were positive for vimentin, CD34 and BCL-2.

Conclusion DFML is a rare special variant of lipoma. It is benign, and it seems to be misdiagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma prior to the admission to our hospital. The pathological histomorphology and immunohistochemistry phenotypes are helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Given that DFML mainly occurs in the elderly, this case is rare and worthy to be reported since it occurs in children.
Empfehlungen zur Implementierung eines Beratungsangebots bei
exzessivem Medienkonsum und internetbezogenen Störungen
Authors: Laskowski Nora M. , Meyer Viktoria , Trillmich Tobias , Ernst Alexandra , Müller Astrid
Published: September 2020

Ziel Häufig sind Suchtberatungsstellen erster Anlaufpunkt
für Betroffene mit exzessivem Medienkonsum und internetbezogenen
Störungen (IBS) sowie deren Angehörige. Aktuell ist das
Suchthilfenetzwerk bezogen auf IBS weder flächendeckend, noch sind alle
Fachstellen ausreichend auf diese Klientel vorbereitet. Das Projekt
„re:set! – Beratung bei exzessivem Medienkonsum“ sollte
dazu beitragen, diese Versorgungslücke in Niedersachsen zu
schließen. Zudem wurden Empfehlungen zur Implementierung eines
Beratungsangebots bei exzessivem Medienkonsum und IBS erarbeitet.

Methodik Für die Erstellung der Empfehlungen wurde ein
Mixed-Methods-Vorgehen gewählt. Zunächst wurden
halbstrukturierte Interviews mit 8 Themenblöcken durchgeführt
und inhaltsanalytisch anhand deduktiver Kategorienbildung ausgewertet. Die
Kategorien wurden in einem ExpertInnenworkshop diskutiert. Anschließend
wurden Aussagen zur Beratung bei exzessivem Medienkonsum generiert. Die am
Projekt beteiligten Fachkräfte sowie deren Fachstellenleitungen wurden
in einem Online-Survey gebeten, das Ausmaß an Zustimmung zu jeder
Aussage anzugeben.

Ergebnisse Den 8 Themenblöcken des halb-strukturierten Interviews
konnten 26 deduktive Kategorien zugeordnet werden. Für den Online-Survey
wurden 99 Aussagen generiert. Davon richteten sich 50 an sowohl
Fachkräfte als auch deren Vorgesetzte. Weitere 49 Aussagen waren
ausschließlich für die Fachkräfte relevant. Basierend
auf den Ergebnissen wurden in einem iterativen Prozess 13
Implementierungsempfehlungen erarbeitet.

Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der unzureichenden Versorgung von Menschen
mit exzessivem Medienkonsum und IBS sind Projekte wie re:set! notwendig, um
Fachkräfte der Suchthilfe zu unterstützen, notwendige
Kompetenzen zu vermitteln sowie ein flächendeckendes professionelles
Netzwerk aufzubauen. Die Empfehlungen zur Implementierung können beim
Etablieren und Verstetigen eines entsprechenden Beratungsangebots hilfreich
sein.
Does Non-Neurologic Multiorgan Dysfunction After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest among Children Admitted in Coma Predict Outcome 1 Year Later?
Authors: Corbett Kelly L. , Presson Angela P. , Zhang Chong , Xu Yizhe , Bratton Susan L. , Dixon Rebecca R.
Published: September 2020

In this article, we investigated whether non-neurologic multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) predicts poor 12-month survival. We conducted a secondary data analysis of therapeutic hypothermia after pediatric cardiac arrest out-of-hospital randomized trial involving children who remained unconscious and intubated after OHCA (n = 237). Associations between MODS and 12-month outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Non-neurologic MODS was present in 95% of patients and sensitive (97%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 93–99%) for 12-month survival but had poor specificity (10%; 95% CI: 4–21%). Development of non-neurologic MODS is not helpful to predict long-term neurologic outcome or survival after OHCA.
Management and Challenges of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Rakhit Shayan , Nordness Mina F. , Lombardo Sarah R. , Cook Madison , Smith Laney , Patel Mayur B.
Published: September 2020

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in trauma patients, and can be classified into mild, moderate, and severe by the Glasgow coma scale (GCS). Prehospital, initial emergency department, and subsequent intensive care unit (ICU) management of severe TBI should focus on avoiding secondary brain injury from hypotension and hypoxia, with appropriate reversal of anticoagulation and surgical evacuation of mass lesions as indicated. Utilizing principles based on the Monro–Kellie doctrine and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), a surrogate for cerebral blood flow (CBF) should be maintained by optimizing mean arterial pressure (MAP), through fluids and vasopressors, and/or decreasing intracranial pressure (ICP), through bedside maneuvers, sedation, hyperosmolar therapy, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage, and, in refractory cases, barbiturate coma or decompressive craniectomy (DC). While controversial, direct ICP monitoring, in conjunction with clinical examination and imaging as indicated, should help guide severe TBI therapy, although new modalities, such as brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) monitoring, show great promise in providing strategies to optimize CBF. Optimization of the acute care of severe TBI should include recognition and treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), early seizure prophylaxis, venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis, and nutrition optimization. Despite this, severe TBI remains a devastating injury and palliative care principles should be applied early. To better affect the challenging long-term outcomes of severe TBI, more and continued high quality research is required.
Burden-of-Illness Associated with Bleeding-Related Hospitalizations in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Findings from the Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Miao Benjamin , Miller Monique , Lovelace Belinda , Beaubrun Anne , McNeil-Posey Kelly , Alberts Mark J. , Peacock William Frank , Costa Olivia S. , White Charles Michael , Coleman Craig I.
Published: September 2020

Introduction A paucity of contemporary data examining bleeding-related hospitalization outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients exists.

Methods Adults in the Nationwide Readmissions Database (January 2016–November 2016) with AF and hospitalized for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or other bleeding were identified. Association between bleed types and outcomes were assessed using multivariable regression (gastrointestinal defined as referent) and reported as crude incidences and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results In total, 196,878 index bleeding-related hospitalizations were identified in this AF cohort (CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 in 95.1%), with 70.8% classified as gastrointestinal. The overall incidences of in-hospital mortality, need for post-discharge out-of-home care, and 30-day readmission were 4.9, 50.8, and 18.2%, respectively. Multivariable regression suggested traumatic and nontraumatic ICHs were associated with higher odds of in-hospital mortality (OR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.79, 4.19; OR = 13.09, 95% CI = 12.24, 13.99) and need for post-discharge out-of-home care (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 2.83, 3.01; OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 2.59, 2.90), and increases in mean index hospitalization length-of-stay (8.31 days, 95% CI = 8.03, 8.60, 6.27 days, 95% CI = 5.97, 6.57) versus gastrointestinal bleeding. Genitourinary and other bleeds were associated with lower mortality (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.25, 0.55; OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.64) and reduced length-of-stays (−2.84 days, 95% CI =  − 2.91, −2.76; −2.06 days, 95% CI =  − 2.11, −2.01) versus gastrointestinal bleeding. Genitourinary bleeds were also associated with a reduced need for post-discharge out-of-home care (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.77, 0.97).

Conclusion The burden of bleeding-related hospitalizations was notably driven by relatively rare but severe and life-threatening ICH, and less morbid but more frequent gastrointestinal bleeding. There is need for continued research on bleeding risk factors and mitigation techniques to avoid bleeding-related patient hospitalizations.
A Study of Acute Kidney Injury in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Parikh Akanksha C. , Tullu Milind S.
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to calculate the incidence, severity, and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Also, to assess the impact of AKI and its varying severity on mortality and length of hospital and PICU stays. A prospective observational study was performed in children between 1 month and 12 years of age admitted to the PICU between July 1, 2013, and July 31, 2014 (13 months). The change in creatinine clearance was considered to diagnose and stage AKI according to pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage renal disease criteria. The risk factors for AKI and its impact on PICU stay, hospital stay, and mortality were evaluated. Of the total 220 patients enrolled in the study, 161 (73.2%) developed AKI, and 59 cases without AKI served as the “no AKI” (control) group. Majority (57.1%) of children with AKI had Failure grade of AKI, whereas 26.1% had Risk grade and 16.8% had Injury grade of AKI. Infancy (p = 0.000), hypovolemia (p = 0.005), shock (p = 0.008), and sepsis (p = 0.022) were found to be significant risk factors for AKI. Mortality, PICU stay, and hospital stay were comparable in children with and without AKI as well as between the various grades of renal injury (i.e., Failure, Risk, and Injury). An exceedingly high incidence of AKI, especially of the severe Failure grade was observed in critically ill children. Infancy and frequent PICU occurrences such as sepsis, hypovolemia, and shock predisposed to AKI.
Effective attenuation lengths for different X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy applications
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: September 2020

Researchers provide a review of how effective attenuation lengths (EAL) can be used in XPS and give guidance on how EAL values can be obtained for specific applications.
Device reveals mechanical behavior of 3D multicellular tissue samples
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: September 2020

A microfabricated vacuum actuated stretcher helped study how 3D microtissues strain and relax.
COVID-19 cases fit power-law distribution during initial phase of pandemic
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: September 2020

The power-law distribution of COVID-19 cases worldwide explains the disparity of cases in epicenters compared to less-affected areas during the initial phase of the pandemic.
Time dependent stress relaxation and recovery in mechanically strained 3D microtissues
Authors: Walker Matthew , Godin Michel , Harden James L. , Pelling Andrew E.
Published: September 2020

Characterizing the time-dependent mechanical properties of cells is not only necessary to determine how they deform but also to understand how external forces trigger biochemical-signaling cascades to govern their behavior. At present, mechanical properties are largely assessed by applying local shear or compressive forces on single cells grown in isolation on non-physiological 2D surfaces. In comparison, we developed the microfabricated vacuum actuated stretcher to measure tensile loading of 3D multicellular “microtissue” cultures. Using this approach, we here assessed the time-dependent stress relaxation and recovery responses of microtissues and quantified the spatial viscoelastic deformation following step length changes. Unlike previous results, stress relaxation and recovery in microtissues measured over a range of step amplitudes and pharmacological treatments followed an augmented stretched exponential behavior describing a broad distribution of inter-related timescales. Furthermore, despite the variety of experimental conditions, all responses led to a single linear relationship between the residual elastic stress and the degree of stress relaxation, suggesting that these mechanical properties are coupled through interactions between structural elements and the association of cells with their matrix. Finally, although stress relaxation could be quantitatively and spatially linked to recovery, they differed greatly in their dynamics; while stress recovery acted as a linear process, relaxation time constants changed with an inverse power law with the step size. This assessment of microtissues offers insights into how the collective behavior of cells in a 3D collagen matrix generates the dynamic mechanical properties of tissues, which is necessary to understand how cells deform and sense mechanical forces in vivo.
Effect of variable pitch on flow around a helically twisted elliptic cylinder
Authors: Moon Jahoon , Yoon Hyun Sik
Published: September 2020

We propose a new geometric disturbance called a variable pitch helically twisted elliptical (VPHTE) cylinder that was obtained by combining helically twisted elliptic (HTE) and asymmetric geometries for passive flow control. We confirmed that the new geometric disturbance reduces the drag and lift fluctuations compared with the smooth and HTE cylinders at the Reynolds number (Re) of 3000. Large eddy simulation was used for the evaluation of the flow control performance of the VPHTE cylinder at Re = 3000, which corresponds to the subcritical regime. A parametric study was conducted on the variable pitch ratio (VP). The smallest value of the time-averaged drag coefficient of the VPHTE cylinder is lower by about 16.7% and 4.1% than those of the smooth and HTE cylinders, respectively. Furthermore, a VPHTE cylinder reduces the root-mean-square value of the lift coefficient by 96.2% compared with a smooth cylinder. The vortex formation length related to the stabilization of the shear layer of the VPHTE cylinders is longer than those of the smooth and HTE cylinders, and it is consistently elongated as the VP increases. In addition, time-averaged pressure coefficients for different cylinders were compared to analyze the reason for the drag reduction. We systematically investigated the additional flow control performance of the VPHTE cylinders and VP effects by analyzing physical values such as the swirl strength, turbulent kinetic energy, and vorticity components around the VPHTE cylinders.
Large magnetoresistance in topological insulator candidate TaSe3
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhu Tongshuai , Bu Haijun , Cai Zixiu , Xi Chuanying , Chen Bo , Wei Boyuan , Lin Dongjing , Xie Hangkai , Naveed Muhammad , Xi Xiaoxiang , Fei Fucong , Zhang Haijun , Song Fengqi
Published: September 2020

Large unsaturated magnetoresistance (XMR) with magnitude ∼103% is observed in topological insulator candidate TaSe3 from our high field (up to 38 T) measurements. Two oscillation modes, associated with one hole pocket and two electron pockets in the bulk, respectively, are detected from our Shubnikov-de Hass measurements, consistent with our first-principles calculations. With the detailed Hall measurements performed, our two-band model analysis exhibits an imperfect density ratio nh/ne ≈ 0.9 at T < 20 K, which suggests that the carrier compensations account for the XMR in TaSe3.
Interaction of 4-nitrothiophenol with low energy electrons: Implications for plasmon mediated reactions
Authors: Schürmann Robin , Luxford Thomas F. M. , Vinklárek Ivo S. , Kočišek Jaroslav , Zawadzki Mateusz , Bald Ilko
Published: September 2020

The reduction of 4-nitrothiophenol (NTP) to 4-4′-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) on laser illuminated noble metal nanoparticles is one of the most widely studied plasmon mediated reactions. The reaction is most likely triggered by a transfer of low energy electrons from the nanoparticle to the adsorbed molecules. Besides the formation of DMAB, dissociative side reactions of NTP have also been observed. Here, we present a crossed electron-molecular beam study of free electron attachment to isolated NTP in the gas-phase. Negative ion yields are recorded as a function of the electron energy, which helps to assess the accessibility of single electron reduction pathways after photon induced electron transfer from nanoparticles. The dominant process observed with isolated NTP is associative electron attachment leading to the formation of the parent anion of NTP. Dissociative electron attachment pathways could be revealed with much lower intensities, leading mainly to the loss of functional groups. The energy gained by one electron reduction of NTP may also enhance the desorption of NTP from nanoparticles. Our supporting experiments with small clusters, then, show that further reaction steps are necessary after electron attachment to produce DMAB on the surfaces.
Microsolvation of myrtenal studied by microwave spectroscopy highlights the role of quasi-hydrogen bonds in the stabilization of its hydrates
Authors: Chrayteh Mhamad , Huet Thérèse R. , Dréan Pascal
Published: September 2020

Hydrates of myrtenal (C10H14O) · (H2O)n (n = 1, 2, 3) were experimentally investigated in a molecular jet using a cavity-based Fourier transform microwave spectrometer in the 2.6 GHz–15 GHz frequency range. The assignment of the spectra was made possible, thanks to computationally optimized structures at the B3LYP-D3BJ/def2-TZVP and MP2/6-311++G(d,p) levels using the Gaussian 16 software. The spectra of two mono- and two dihydrates and those of the lowest energy conformer among the two expected trihydrates could be assigned. A similar study replacing normal water by 18O labeled water allowed the identification of the spectra of all possible isotopomers, leading to the calculation of the substitution coordinates of water oxygen atoms and that of the effective structure of the water molecule arrangements around myrtenal, except for the trihydrate. The structure of the latter species was nevertheless confirmed by the analysis of the spectrum of the isotopomer with three H218O molecules. The computational rotational constants and structural parameters were found quite close to the experimental ones at the density functional theory B3LYP-GD3BJ/def2-TZVP and ab initio MP2/6-311++G(d,p) levels. Symmetry adapted perturbation theory calculations reveal that the aldehyde hydrogen atom strongly interacts with water oxygen atoms in the case of di- and trihydrates.
Effects of fullerene nanoparticles and fullerite nanoparticles on the charge injection mechanism of methyl red dye based organic device
Authors: Sen Sudipta , Manik N. B.
Published: September 2020

The present work studies the injection of current at the metal–organic contact of a methyl red organic device. The poor charge injection mechanism of these organic devices is due to the high energy barrier at the contact. Our main aim is energy barrier lowering to ameliorate the current flow of the device. The estimation of the energy barrier and the influence of both fullerene and fullerite nanoparticles on it have been observed. We have sandwiched the blend of the organic dye and nanoparticles by the spin coating method in between two electrodes. We have analyzed the dark current–voltage plots of the organic device to calculate the energy barrier and turn-on voltage. Lowering of the energy barrier from 0.87 eV to 0.39 eV with fullerene nanoparticles and to 0.37 eV with fullerite nanoparticles has been observed. The turn-on voltage also reduces from 2.52 V to 2.32 V in the presence of fullerene nanoparticles and to 2.00 V in the presence of fullerite nanoparticles. To check the consistency of the obtained results from I–V plots of the device, the energy barrier has been estimated by the Norde function. This function also shows a decrease in the value of the energy barrier from 0.85 eV to 0.35 eV with fullerene nanoparticles and to 0.32 eV with fullerite nanoparticles. It has been found out that the fullerite nanoparticles show better performance in terms of the charge injection process in these organic dye based devices than the fullerene nanoparticles.