bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politics Walking The Tightrope Of The Law: The New York Criminal Anarchy Act Of 1902
Authors: Aniel-Buchheit Claire
Published: October 2024

The Criminal Anarchy Acts of 1902 and 1903 are often seen as secondary in the history of American anarchism and legal history due to their limited use in court. This article focuses on the 1902 Criminal Anarchy Act of New York State, which was enacted following the assassination of
President William McKinley in 1901 by alleged anarchist Leon Czolgosz. The paper delves into the international, national, and local circumstances that led to the passing of the law. It provides an analysis of the Act itself, highlighting its depoliticisation of anarchism, essentially criminalising
it, and links its existence to America's legal approach to federalism. Furthermore, the article aims to uncover the repercussions of the Act: despite its limited use in court and the failed attempt to depoliticise anarchism, the Act left a significant mark on the anarchist movement in
the United States. It also sparked debates on freedom of speech and ultimately contributed to the landmark Supreme Court decision in Gitlow v. New York (1925), which initiated the incorporation doctrine.
Le semblant des semblants du sexe
Authors: Bousseyroux Michel
Published: October 2024

Cet article porte sur le dernier séminaire de Lacan, dans lequel il s’interroge, pour la traiter mathématiquement, sur la question de l’exemplarité de la chaîne borroméenne R.S.I. en tant que ses trois cercles s’équivalent mais qu’une chaîne à trois, répertoriée par le mathématicien John Milnor, semble y objecter : la métaphore borroméenne du non-rapport sexuel ne serait-elle pas dès lors abusive ? Comment Lacan relève-t-il le gant de cette objection ? En présentant un nouage borroméen à trois, dit généralisé, caractérisé par une nouvelle dimension d’exemplarité : son équivalence d’homotopie fait que la possibilité d’un troisième sexe ne tient pas.
Réflexivité et engagement : faire de la recherche sur les migrations aujourd’hui
Authors: Breda Giulia , Boyer Florence , Lima Stéphanie , Miranda Adelina
Published: October 2024

Ce dossier thématique se propose d’analyser la manière dont les chercheurs mobilisent concrètement la posture réflexive. Celle-ci consiste à examiner les conséquences de l’engagement du chercheur sur les méthodes de collecte des données (observations, entretiens, etc.) ; ce faisant, elle questionne les implications possibles du positionnement politique des acteurs de la recherche sur l’objectivité du travail académique. La recherche scientifique étant influencée par la demande de divers acteurs institutionnels, laquelle n’est pas sans incidence sur le choix des objets et des approches de recherche (par exemple, recherche-action en collaboration avec des associations, partenariats avec des médias, recherche-création avec des artistes, formes d’écritures alternatives, etc.), adopter une posture réflexive permet d’étudier les contextes de production des savoirs sur les migrations. Les contributions présentées dans le présent dossier mettent en perspective ces différentes facettes à partir de recherches sur les dynamiques migratoires internationales contemporaines. Elles questionnent les postures épistémologiques et méthodologiques à l’aune de contextes et de situations de recherche de plus en plus contraints, étant donné les obstacles pratiques et théoriques auxquels se confronte aujourd’hui le travail de recherche sur les mouvements migratoires à l’échelle mondiale.
Les jeunes musulmans face à l’approche historico-critique : vers une typologie des négociations de sens possibles
Authors: Gawad Hicham Abdel
Published: October 2024

Cet article condense les analyses ressorties d’une étude de terrain menée auprès de 32 musulmans bruxellois. L’objectif a consisté à identifier et caractériser les mécanismes qui régissent le niveau d’ouverture potentiel d’un jeune musulman, face à des discours religieux doctrinairement subversifs pour la foi. Plusieurs « types de négociation de sens » ont été mis en évidence. Une discussion sur l’état actuel des intériorisations de sens chez les jeunes musulmans ainsi que des prospectives pour de futures recherches clôturent la contribution.
Trajetórias do jovem Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1869)
Authors: Antunes Thiago Henrique Costa Simões , Paes Marco de Souza
Published: October 2024

Friedrich Ratzel, um dos geógrafos mais importantes para o desenvolvimento da geografia como ciência, ainda tem suas obras, assim como sua vida pessoal e profissional, pouco conhecidas, especialmente em relação aos seus primeiros anos. O artigo em tela constitui-se como um estudo dedicado a ampliar a compreensão dos caminhos que contribuíram para a formação do geógrafo alemão. Analisamos o período entre 1844 e 1869, isto é, os primeiros 25 anos de sua vida. O referido decurso compreende a infância idílica em Karlsruhe; seus anos escolares; o período como aprendiz de farmacêutico no vilarejo de Eichtersheim; sua fase de autoformação no primeiro círculo intelectual do qual participou, ainda na adolescência; os primeiros anos como jornalista, além da sua transição da profissão de farmacêutico para cientista. Este é um tempo fundamental para a conformação do universo de interesses, predileções metodológicas e acúmulo de experiências que culminariam na elaboração de teorias e conceitos por parte do professor de Leipzig. A investigação empreendida estrutura-se, predominantemente, a partir de memórias pessoais, documentos e cartas escritos pelo próprio Ratzel, além de textos produzidos por seus alunos e pessoas que com ele conviveram. A paixão pela natureza e pelas caminhadas exploratórias a pé pelo ambiente natural, sua curiosidade e desejo de conhecer, bem como sua atenção cuidadosa à observação, são elementos que permeiam todas as fases da vida desse pensador.
Traduction des travaux de la commission italienne sur l’établissement d’un code italien des crimes internationaux 2024
Authors: Thierry Envel , Mariat Kevin
Published: October 2024

Les travaux de la commission italienne sur l’établissement d’un code italien des crimes internationaux ont été publiés en 2022. Outre un projet de code, la commission a aussi publié un rapport rendant compte de sa réflexion et de ses choix. Cette traduction complète vise à rendre compte de l’importance de la réflexion italienne récente sur le droit des crimes internationaux.
Libertés académiques et démocratie : tout dire, mais pas n’importe quoi
Authors: Fassin Éric
Published: October 2024

La définition des libertés académiques est un enjeu politique. Ce qui les menace, ce sont les pouvoirs, tant économiques que politiques. Ce ne sont donc pas les étudiant·es, qui peuvent certes perturber un cours ou occuper un amphithéâtre, mais pas licencier les professeur·es ni les priver de financements. Depuis 1915, l’Association américaine des professeurs d’université a défini la liberté académique comme une liberté professionnelle face aux pouvoirs, et en particulier aux institutions qui les recrutent – d’où l’importance de la tenure, gage d’indépendance. En France, les libertés académiques incluent également les principes de cooptation et de collégialité. Or aujourd’hui, ces libertés, distinctes mais complémentaires, sont remises en cause. Il est vrai que la liberté d’expression aussi est menacée par l’évolution de régimes naguère réputés libéraux. Il importe toutefois de les distinguer. Certes, les deux impliquent le droit de tout dire (dans les limites de la loi). Pour la liberté d’expression, y compris n’importe quoi : chacun·e est libre de ses opinions. Pour les libertés académiques, tout dire, mais pas n’importe quoi. Elles sont fondées sur la recherche de la vérité, et donc sur le refus du bullshit. Voilà pourquoi les universités, en particulier les savoirs critiques, sont la cible des régimes autoritaires. Voilà pourquoi la défense des libertés académiques est un enjeu démocratique.
Ce que compter veut dire en situation coloniale et impériale
Authors: Touchelay Béatrice
Published: October 2024

Des chiffres comptables et statistiques sont produits dans les colonies. Ils ont un coût et impliquent des individus à tous les échelons et dans tous les territoires. Pleinement conscients de leurs imperfections, des illusions voire des erreurs inhérentes à leur manque de fiabilité, les auteurs de ce dossier font de la fabrication et des usages des chiffres les piliers de l’étude des sociétés coloniales et des situations impériales. Cinq textes et une introduction examinent les particularités de ces chiffres.
Chiffrer et déchiffrer les empires avec les Archives nationales du monde du travail (ANMT) Roubaix
Authors: Piernas Gersende
Published: October 2024

Les fonds d’entreprises conservés aux ANMT renferment des documents prouvant leurs relations industrielles, techniques, économiques et sociales avec les colonies et les protectorats français du xviiie au xxe siècle. Bien plus, ils montrent que ces entreprises sont à la fois des actrices et des témoins de l’organisation et des transformations de ces territoires. Dans bien des cas, les archives qui ont été sauvegardées et qui sont conservées aux ANMT permettent de quantifier leurs activités.
Big Data in Marketing Strategy
Authors: Vaghani Divyeshkumar
Published: October 2024

Big data has changed how businesses operate by creating digital spaces; however, marketers are having a hard time using big data to create helpful information about customers that leads to good results for their business and the market. This paper aims to show how businesses can make the most of big data for their marketing strategies. This research works adopts the qualitative methodology. The study discovers that using big data can help improve marketing results. Big data helps with marketing strategies and is really important for understanding customers, predicting what they will do, and targeting ads more accurately. Moreover, big data is difficult when trying to analyze and process it. When it comes to handling data, problems with privacy and security are posing risks to people around the world. Thus, the study recommends that businesses should hire marketing experts to handle the complexity of big data, and also enhance the analytic skills of the current management.
Adaptive Strategies in Online Marketing Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chandra Saurabh , Ghule Gauri , Bilfaqih Syeda Meraj , Thiyagarajan Akila , Sharmila J. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: October 2024

ML has gained such rapid momentum that it has now drastically shifted the strategies for online marketing toward a much more personal, efficient, and data-driven approach. In this chapter, some of the new processes of machine learning are discussed, which make online marketing more effective, with a view to major developments in areas like automated content creation, predictive analytics, and real-time customer segmentation. Armed with deep learning algorithms and natural language processing, marketers can know much more about consumer behavior to enable them to optimize ad targeting and drive better campaign outcomes. In that respect, reinforcement learning embedded in marketing automation will help drive adaptive strategies responsive to real-time data. The new chapter examines how fast-emerging trends like generative AI are changing content personalization and user engagement. These innovations, all taken together, help fine-tune strategies for marketers to eventually deliver an experience that is more relevant and impactful while maximizing their ROI.
Harnessing IoT and Geomarketing for Agile Marketing
Authors: Hung Ta Huy , Pandey Ashutosh , Mittal Shashank , Chandel Ajay
Published: October 2024

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and geomarketing is revolutionizing marketing strategies by providing real-time, location-based insights into consumer behavior. IoT devices, such as wearables and smart sensors, generate continuous streams of data that, when combined with geomarketing information, enable businesses to deliver highly targeted and personalized marketing messages. This synergy enhances decision-making and adaptability, allowing for swift adjustments to marketing tactics based on current consumer interactions and environmental conditions. However, the integration presents challenges related to data management, privacy concerns, and operational changes. Future trends, including advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), and 5G technology, promise further innovations in this field. This chapter explores the transformative impact of IoT and geomarketing on agile marketing, addressing both the opportunities and challenges while highlighting emerging trends that will shape the future of data-driven marketing strategies.
Digital Transformation in Customer Experience and Behavior
Authors: Vijay Jisha , Priyanka U.
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of digital transformation on customer experience, specifically focusing on personalization, customer support, omni-channel experience, customer analytics, and fraud detection. This study adopted a method approach that has qualitative analyses. This research aims to uncover the extent to which personalization, customer support, omni-channel experience, customer analytics, and fraud detection contribute to customer satisfaction and loyalty in the digital era. These factors are expected to play a significant role in shaping customer perceptions and behaviors in the context of digital transformation. Understanding the impact of digital transformation on the customer experience is crucial for businesses operating in today's competitive marketplaces. By investigating the factors this study aims to provide practical insights for organizations seeking to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty through the effective implementation of digital transformation strategies.
Emerging Startups in the Evolving Industry Landscape by Empowering Entrepreneur Growth
Authors: Krishnamoorthy V. , Chandra Saurabh , Rajesha S. , Bhattacharjee Somnath , Murugan G. , Sampath Boopathi
Published: October 2024

This chapter describes the dynamic marketing trends that shape the ever-growing nature of emerging startups in today's fast-evolving industrial landscape. While competition is growing, it has been witnessed that startups are trying to be one step ahead with novel approaches in marketing. Some of those key trends include personalized marketing, where AI-powered data analytics allow startups to deliver targeted campaigns at scale and drive deeper customer relationships. It also creates strong brand identities for startups through content marketing and storytelling, allowing them to connect with their target audience more effectively. Digital platforms and social media also offer a lot of opportunities for startups to take advantage of global reach with minimum investment, therefore leveling the field of competition against larger competitors. The importance of agile marketing practices, the rise of interest in influencer partnerships, and making better use of data-driven decision-making are discussed in greater detail in this chapter as ways for optimum marketing.
Introduction to Explainable AI
Authors: Mittal Deepti , Parashar Ajay Raj , Singh Pramod Kumar
Published: October 2024

This chapter will provide a high-level overview of the growing field known as explainable AI and articulate how it relates to modern systems implementing advanced artificial intelligence. Building on an initial comprehension of what AI is and the black-box problem in it, this chapter provides an explanation of the fundamental principles behind XAI (and why someone should care about XAI at all). It explains why transparency, accountability, and trust are fundamental challenges for AI applications in general, but even more so when an application involves sensitive domains like healthcare, finance, or criminal justice; the same goes with respect to autonomous systems. This chapter will attempt to discuss the significance of XAI for responsible AI within a society and provide tangible examples of critical use cases, thus stressing its importance in building beneficial futures together.
Harness the Potential of Explainable Artificial Intelligence and ML Techniques in Solar Energy Forecasting
Authors: Goel Neha , Bhatia Sandeep , Verma Sonia , Pandey Jay Kumar , Rai Mritunjay
Published: October 2024

Solar power forecasting is essential to maximizing the integration of renewable energy sources and guaranteeing effective grid management. The application of explainable artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning for solar power forecasting is covered in detail in this chapter. Artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), random forest, and gradient boosting are some of the AI models that have been investigated. These models were selected due to their capacity to recognize complex patterns and nonlinear correlations in solar energy data. The preprocessing of the data, feature selection, model training, and evaluation are the phases that make up the forecasting process. To improve performance, proposed architecture of XAI-ML-based solar energy forecasting has been discussed.
Renewable Energy Deployment and Guidelines for Responsible AI Adoption
Authors: Shahzad Tahreem , Nawaz Sajawal , Tabassum Mujahid
Published: October 2024

Renewable energy integration into the global energy grid presents many challenges and opportunities as demand for reliable, sustainable energy rises. This chapter covers renewable energy system deployment and explainable AI's responsible AI adoption. By improving AI-driven system transparency, trust, and understanding, XAI will enable renewable energy production, distribution, and grid reliability. Next, XAI principles like energy management AI model interpretability and accountability are discussed. LIME, SHAP, and essential feature importance are used in sensible AI models. The chapter provides sound advice on ethical AI adoption and deployment in renewable energy projects, regulatory compliance, stakeholder engagement, and AI system monitoring and improvement. Examples and case studies teach engineers, policymakers, and researchers. This chapter will conclude by combining cutting-edge AI methods with renewable energy applications to create ethical and responsible AI for sustainable energy system management.
Enhancing Power System Management With XAI
Authors: Naveen P. , Vinodkumar S.
Published: October 2024

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) focuses on making AI models more transparent and interpretable, addressing the “black box” nature of traditional AI, especially in critical fields like power system management. The chapter explores XAI's role in enhancing AI-driven decisions within power systems, emphasizing transparency, reliability, and interpretability. It reviews various XAI techniques, such as decision trees and SHAP, and discusses their application in tasks like load forecasting and fault detection. Despite XAI's potential, the document highlights challenges, including data quality and computational demands, underscoring the need for further research to fully integrate XAI into power systems.
Sustainable Travel Behavior
Authors: Yadav Suraj Jaywant
Published: October 2024

Sustainable travel behavior has become crucial as tourism's environmental impact grows. Digital marketing and social media play vital roles in promoting sustainable tourism. This study explores how digital marketing campaigns influence consumers' sustainable travel choices and the role of social media in shaping these behaviors. It identifies key digital marketing strategies that encourage sustainable decisions and examines the impact of user-generated content (UGC) on social media. The results indicate that high social media usage and digital marketing exposure are strong predictors of sustainable travel behaviors, with females showing higher awareness. Digital marketing's effectiveness in promoting sustainable travel is highlighted by significant relationships and logistic regression findings (χ2 = 15.34, p = 0.000). Findings revealed high social media usage (mean = 4.1) and moderate awareness of sustainable travel (mean = 3.5), and digital marketing exposure, with odds ratios of 1.73 and 3.32, respectively, highlighting their potential to promote sustainable practices.
Defining Street Food
Authors: Daorattanahong Ninnart , Hall Michael Colin , Prayag Girish , Liu Yaling
Published: October 2024

Street food is a culinary attraction and cultural representation that includes a wide range of food and beverage options sold in public areas. However, despite growing interest in street food no clear and common definition exists. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this research examines the multifaceted dimensions of street food across six main themes to provide a comprehensive understanding of the street food context: type of street food, location of sale, street food vending structure, form of business, street food characteristics, and features of street food. A scoping literature review methodology was applied to investigate journal articles published between 1984 and 2024 in Thai and English to clarify the definition of street food. Overall, the study enhanced understanding of the comprehensive role of street food in society and provides substantial insights into the culinary diversity, social and economic importance, and cultural value of street food in urban areas.
Awareness and Attitudes Towards Open Access Predatory Publications Among the Academic Staff Members of Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Authors: Janen T.
Published: October 2024

The scholarly community is now dealing with a serious issue with predatory journals. It might be difficult for authors to identify predatory publications apart from reputable ones. The purpose of this study is to investigate the academic staff members of the Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka on awareness of predatory publications and open access. The research methodology used in this study to gauge participants' knowledge of "open access" and "predatory publishing" was a questionnaire survey. Data collection involved the use of a pretested questionnaire. The permanent academic staff members affiliated with the Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, university of Jaffna comprised the study's population. A link to an online survey was shared with every one of the faculty's fifty-two academic staff members. The response rate of the study was 67.30 %. MS Excel was used for the data analysis to describe the data in frequencies, percentages and rank orders of responses.Socio demographic details shows that, highest number of respondents are female (57.14%), completed master/MPhil (51.42%), senior lecturer (57.14%) and interested in marketing (28.57%) as their research discipline. Respondents expressed their priority order for the factors considered to select journal to submit manuscript for publications, journal indexing is the highest priority. All the respondents have an idea about the open access publishing system. Respondents are expected to publish in open access journals because of high visibility, increasing citation number, prestigious journals and fast publication process in a frequency order. The result of the survey shows that, 97.15% of the respondents are knowledgeable about predatory publishing. Majority of the respondents are characterized, the predatory journals are, no insufficient peer review process, and Beall’s list of predatory journals used by the high number of respondents to differentiate legitimate journals from predatory journals. More than half of the respondents are satisfied with the services provided by the library to avoid publishing in predatory journals. Responses are summarized for each of the 8 statements about the impact of publishing in predatory journals. Almost all the statements are agreed by the respondents other than the statement of “Articles published in predatory journals are poor in quality”. Highest agreement found for the statement 3 which is “Predatory publications are not considered for any academic reward” in which 14out of 35 were strongly agreed and followed by the statement 2 “many researchers published articles due to lack of awareness about predatory publication” (13 out of 35). Finally respondents are suggested to organize more awareness session on open access publishing and journal selection to avoid predatory publishing.
Practices Pertaining to Sustainable Development Goals in University Libraries of Sri Lanka: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Krishanthy S. , Gamage R. C. G.
Published: October 2024

Sustainable development, embodied in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is a global obligation. University libraries are crucial in advancing these goals by disseminating knowledge, fostering sustainability, and promoting inclusive practices. This study uses a survey conducted through interviews to explore the practices, strategies, and challenges faced by university libraries in Sri Lanka in aligning with the SDGs. It surveyed SDG practices under five key themes. Sri Lankan university libraries strongly commit to the SDGs through their initiatives in these areas. However, compared to global practices such as seed libraries, zero-waste initiatives recycling projects, sustainable landscaping, rainwater harvesting and financial literacy programs, the scale of their activities remains more localized. Financial constraints, limited resources, and lack of awareness pose common barriers. The study demonstrates that Sri Lankan libraries are good at translating global SDG goals into actionable local initiatives, emphasizing the importance of the context. These libraries provide invaluable insights for other institutions. Future directions include expanding collaborations, enhancing public engagement, and embracing emerging technologies to further the SDG agenda.
Bibliotherapy: Tracing Its Global Evolution and Exploring the Contemporary Research Landscape in Sri Lanka
Authors: Attanayake Geethani
Published: October 2024

Bibliotherapy, the use of literature for therapeutic purposes, has gained increasing attention globally as a complementary approach to mental well-being. Bibliotherapy is a form of creative arts therapy that involves telling stories or reading specific texts and implementing personal connections to the content of books as a therapy. Mainly, there are two types of bibliotherapy as clinical bibliotherapy and developmental bibliotherapy. Clinical bibliotherapy is employed by mental health professionals to address emotional-behavioral problems and achieve therapeutic goals. Developmental bibliotherapy, used by educators, librarians and healthcare assistants and it facilitates to address milder psychological issues. The idea of bibliotherapy is not a new one and it has undergone a dynamic evolution. At early stages, bibliotherapy is developed as ‘reading therapy’. There are various anecdotes scattered through-out the ages that concerning the value of reading. It has been around for centuries, and have been referred to by different terms, depending on the time period. The objectives of this paper were to examine the global evolution of bibliotherapy from its historical roots to the present and to explore the contemporary research landscape of bibliotherapy in Sri Lanka. The methodology based on this study was literary survey. Accordingly, the paper attempts identify the contemporary research landscape in Sri Lanka while revealing global evolution of bibliotherapy. Challenges and possibilities affecting bibliotherapy researches in Sri Lanka are also discussed.
Social Media in Higher Education: A Study on Use of Social Media by New Entrants at the Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA, during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dharmarathne A.
Published: October 2024

The transition to online education prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on educational institutions globally, especially in developing countries. The absence of formal online learning management systems (LMS) in many of these institutions presented significant challenges. In response, many educators and higher educational institutions turned in to social media platforms and other digital tools to continue providing education and support the learning process. The present study attempts to understand social media behaviour of new entrants to the faculty of Dental Sciences of University of Peradeniya, more specifically for fulfilling their information need related to academic programs during the CORONA outbreak. The study was carried out at the Faculty of Dental Sciences during the library orientation program for new entrants. Although 117 undergraduates registered with the dental library for the academic year 2022/2023, only 112 students participated in the survey. An online questionnaire made with Google Forms was administered among the research sample.According to key findings, WhatsApp, Facebook, and Research Gate were the most popular social media platforms used by Dental Science new entrants for the purpose of academic information during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, 65% of them had been used these online platforms as a tool of searching scientific and academic information related to their academic programs. There were some positive impacts of using social media for academic purposes. One significant benefit was that social media helped them to maintain better relationships with their peers during the CORONA pandemic, facilitating peer support and collaboration etc. However, the students have perceived some negative impacts of social media as well i.e. students found social media to be quite time-consuming. Despite the potential of educational benefits of social media, the study indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of them for academic purposes. A significant proportion of students, about 35%, were not aware of the educational potential of social media. The majority of respondents appeared to prioritize using social media for entertainment rather than accessing educational content or utilizing academic features available on these platforms. On top of these findings, it can be recommended that educational institutions and policymakers in Sri Lanka consider strategies to harness the educational potential of social media for undergraduates. By raising awareness and encouraging the use of social media for academic purposes, they could enhance the learning experience and make better use of digital tools to support education in the context of ongoing and future disruptions.
Optimization attributes of fig (Ficus carica L.) salad dressing enrichment by Mentha pulegium L. extract and carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Nouri Marjan , Tromideh Farida
Published: October 2024

Common salad dressings led to further calories for consumers owing to high fat in their formulations. The aim of this research is to produce low-calorie salad dressing with high nutritional value and reduced fat. Box-Behnken designs were applied including figs (Ficus carica L.) (40 to 80%), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (0.25 to 1.25%) and Mentha pulegium L. (MPL) extract (0.01 to 0.05%) as independent variables. The total soluble solids (TSS), pH, viscosity, stability, peroxide index and sensory evaluations were performed; afterwards, calorie, and fatty acids (FA) were evaluated, and also scanning electron microscopy was carried out. The optimal conditions were obtained for salad dressing formulations with the highest TSS (40.3479%), viscosity (15898.75 cP), stability (94.2994%) and sensory (4.6282) and also the lowest pH (4.6032) and peroxide (0.9778 mEq/kg oil) related to fig (65.4545%), CMC (1.995%) and MPL (0.01%) concentrations, respectively. The optimal sample reduced 6-fold the calories compared to control and also demonstrated the maximum monounsaturated FAs with uniform distribution for particles. Fig salad dressing produced as a low-calorie product has the potential to be used by consumers.
Title not available
Authors: Fiori Angelo , Sgreccia Elio
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Fibrotic outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 virus interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Pinto Luigi , Schino Pietro , Bitetto Michele , Tedeschi Ersilia , Maiellari Michele , De Leo Giancarlo , Ludovico Elena , Larizza Giovanni , Mastroianni Franco
Published: October 2024

Following the onset of the new COVID-19 pandemic, particular attention is paid to the long-term outcomes, especially concerning patients affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus leading to interstitial pneumonia. The aim of this research is to evaluate the possible evolution over time of interstitial pneumonia into post-inflammatory fibrosing interstitial disease. This research included 42 patients admitted to the COVID ward for SARS-CoV-2 interstitial pneumonia, 10 patients with mild pneumonia and respiratory failure who were treated with O2 only, 32 patients with severe pneumonia in which O2 and non-invasive ventilation were used for respiratory assistance, and 4 patients treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. At 70±30 days, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after discharge, the cohort of patients carried out the evaluation of inflammation indices, high-resolution computed tomography (CT) chest scans, and functional respiratory tests. The comparative analysis showed that 83.3% of patients had residual parenchymal lung disease at 36-month follow-up, with a significantly higher rate in those with severe pneumonia and more extensive disease on initial CT. Regarding the pulmonary involvement model, patients presented ground-glass opacity or peripheral parenchymal bands, or a combination of them, peri- and intralobular interstitial thickening, which may be representative of fibrotic interstitial lung disease. There is a correlation between the severity of pneumonia, the inflammatory state, the need to increase respiratory support, and the quantity and persistence of CT-related lesions. Reductions in respiratory functions and exercise capacity were observed, the latter more pronounced in patients (24%) who had contracted severe pneumonia and required ventilatory support.Pulmonary outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections show a wide range of radiological findings, from complete recovery to stable outcomes of thickening and distortion of the interstitial architecture. From a functional point of view, there is an impairment of the alveolar-capillary diffusion capacity and, in cases who had contracted severe pneumonia, desaturation and reduced exercise tolerance in 24% of cases at a 36-month follow-up.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the use of local anaesthesia in the Emergency Department
Authors: Dickinson Diana B. , Beringer Craig , Moodley Pravani
Published: October 2024

Background: Local anaesthesia (LA) is frequently used in the Emergency Department (ED). Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a potentially fatal complication associated with its use. It is assumed that all doctors administering LA are trained in all aspects of its use including the management of LAST.Methods: A prospective, multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted at three academic EDs in Gauteng. Doctors working in the ED completed an online questionnaire designed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the use of LA as well as the recognition and management of LAST.Results: A total of 94 completed questionnaires were analysed. Of these, 44% of participants had graduated from medical school less than 5 years ago, and 72% had less than 5 years of experience working in the ED. The overall mean knowledge score percentage for the safe use of LA was 48.2%. The overall mean knowledge score percentage for recognition and management of LAST was 56.7%. A total of 78% of participants knew that intravenous intralipid emulsion (ILE) therapy is needed in managing LAST; however, only 25% of participants knew where to access ILE and only 33% knew how to use it.Conclusion: The overall level of knowledge on LA and the management of LAST among doctors working in the ED is low. There is also an apparent lack of awareness of the potential for toxicity despite frequent use of LA. Although the occurrence of LAST is rare, our findings highlight an obligation for continuous education on local anaesthesia and the management of LAST.Contribution: The result of this research indicates a gap in training regarding the potential for toxicity of local anaesthesia, recognition of systemic toxicity, and the management thereof. These findings suggest the possibility of misdiagnosis and under reporting of LAST.
The Paper Sign Test – Assessment, Evaluation, and Diagnosis Method for Reactivated Lichen Planopilaris by Physician and Patient
Authors: Abbasi Ali , Rabani Ramin , Kamyab Kambiz , Mahmoudi Hamidreza
Published: October 2024

Background:

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is an inflammatory disease that results in destruction of the hair follicle and replaces it with patchy permanent scarring alopecia; after stabilizing by treatment, reactivation is common and may be insidious. During remission, various methods are available for realizing that the disease is activated or not, but neither of them is practical for patients.

Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the paper sign test for reactivated LPP by physician and patient.

Patients and Methods:

In a prospective study, during 2 years, 83 treated LPP patients have been divided into two groups of 41 and 42. Group 1 instructed for paper sign test which is to comb their hair over a white paper sheet to catch any fallen hairs, then turn the paper upside down, if all collected hair on paper completely separated, test is considered negative, if even one hair hangs onto the paper, the test is considered positive. Group 2 trained for clinical symptoms (hair shedding, scaling, itching, pain, tenderness, and burning).

Results:

From the first group, 13 patients had positive paper sign, and from the second group, 35 patients had clinical symptoms; after clinical examination and biopsy, 13 from Group 1 and 17 from Group 2 were confirmed to have reactivated disease. Patients in the first group who had been trained for paper sign test became aware of relapse sooner and came earlier for the evaluation of disease.

Conclusion:

Paper sign test is a reliable, noninvasive, and practical test for early detection of reactivated LPP by patients during remission period.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Diffusion-weighted Imaging in the Evaluation of Supratentorial Brain Tumours with Histopathology Correlation at a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Reddy Kotireddy Pavan Kumar , Sai Rajalingam Venkat , Archana R. , Devi Sarala , Bajaj Sunitha , Vaishali Valluru Naga Lakshmi
Published: October 2024

Background:

Traditional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may face challenges in accurately discerning supratentorial malignancies. However, advanced techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of these non-invasive diagnostic methods in patients with suspected intracranial lesions.

Materials and Methods:

In this prospective observational study at Osmania General and Allied Hospitals, 40 eligible patients were enrolled. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, MRI examinations were conducted at two hospitals utilising GE 1.5T and PHILIPS 1.5T 32-channel machines. Standardised brain sequences, encompassing T1- and T2-weighted scans, DWI, gradient-recalled echo and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging, were systematically performed. In addition, post-contrast administration and contrast-enhanced MRS were employed.

Results:

In this study, a higher tumour incidence was observed in males (52%) compared to females (48%). The choline/creatine (CHO/Cr) ratio revealed more cases below 1.5 and fewer at the 3.1–3.5 level. Perilesional CHO/Cr ratio had the highest cases (21) at 1.1–2.0 and the lowest (2) at 3.1–4.0. Further analysis revealed significant differences in the mean CHO/Cr ratio amongst primary low-grade (1.8), primary high-grade (3.91) and metastatic tumours (7.23). The mean choline/N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) ratio also differed significantly amongst these tumour types, with choline/NAA and CHO/Cr ratios indicating statistical significance in distinguishing primary low-grade tumours. In addition, mean apparent diffusion coefficient values showed significant differences between primary low-grade tumours (1.1), primary high-grade tumours (0.87) and metastasis (0.855).

Conclusion:

This study underscores gender-related differences in supratentorial tumour susceptibility and highlights distinct tumour distributions based on grades. These findings emphasise the significance of considering gender, age and histopathological attributes when evaluating supratentorial tumours.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Knowledge Levels of Current Artificial Intelligence Programs on Retinal/Vitreous Diseases and Treatment Methods
Authors: Sensoy Eyupcan , Citirik Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the answers to multiple-choice questions about retina and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), Bard, and Bing artificial intelligence chatbots, examining the level of knowledge about these subjects, and investigating the existence of their superiority over each other.

Methods:

Forty-six questions related to retinal and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities were asked to ChatGPT, Bing, and Bard chatbots.

Results:

The Bing artificial intelligence chatbot correctly answered 76.1% of the questions. ChatGPT and Bard artificial intelligence chatbots correctly answered 60.9% of the questions. No statistically significant difference was observed between the rates of correct and incorrect answers to the questions on the three artificial intelligence chatbots (P = 0.206).

Conclusions:

Artificial intelligence chatbots can be used to access accurate information about retinal and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities. However, the information obtained may not always be correct, and care should be taken about its use and results.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density in Healthy, Glaucoma Suspect, and Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Belbase Umesh , Maharjan Indra Man , Subedi Anup
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate and compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) retinal vasculature measurements in healthy, glaucoma suspect (GS), and glaucoma patients.

Methods:

One hundred fourteen eyes with good quality OCTA pictures were included from 38 healthy, 38 GS, 38 and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) participants. The information on retinal vasculature was summarized as a vessel density map and as vessel density (%), which is the fraction of the flowing vessel area over the total area examined. The superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants, as well as whole vessel density (wVD) and peripapillary vessel density (ppVD) data taken from the retinal nerve fiber layer, were studied. Global indices of the visual field were correlated with vessel density measurement.

Results:

Mean vessel density was significantly lower in POAG eyes compared with GSs and healthy eyes (wVD) 45.34% ± 6.64%, 50.06% ± 1.97% and 53.06% ± 2.12%, respectively (P < 0.001), and ppVD 47.42% ± 7.73%, 47.42% ± 7.73% and 56.074% ± 2.71%, respectively (P < 0.001). A linear relationship between vessel density (wVD and ppVD) and global indices of the visual field (mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD]) shows a significant (P < 0.001) relation. R
2 is 0.35, 0.36, 0.36, and 0.33 for MD and wVD, PSD and wVD, PSD and ppVD, and MD and ppVD, respectively.

Conclusions:

For distinguishing between healthy and glaucoma eyes, OCTA vessel density demonstrated near similar diagnostic accuracy to visual field tests. These findings imply that OCTA measurements reflect damage to tissues important in the pathogenesis of POAG.
Results of Early Manipulation Under General Anesthesia in Intra-Articular Distal Femur Fractures
Authors: Singh Kunal , Panat Rohan , Chauhan Anagh Ram , Khatri Ketan , Panat Mangesh
Published: October 2024

Background:

Postoperative knee stiffness after intra-articular distal femur fracture causes significant disability affecting daily activities of the patient and causing concern for the surgeon. Although the importance of early postoperative mobilization is emphasized to all patients, many patients, especially those from rural areas, have no access to specialized physiotherapy and do not understand the importance of the same. These patients also do not visit the hospital on scheduled days of follow-up due to various socio-economic reasons. Hence, such patients can have restrictions on knee movements (flexion as well as extension) very early during the postoperative period.

We present our study protocol for early manipulation under general anesthesia (MUGA) and suture removal at 3 weeks after surgery for these fractures. At 3 weeks, the soft tissue healing of the trauma as well as the surgery have occurred to a great extent. The surgical site pain and inflammation have also reduced. All patients who are operated on will always come to hospital for suture removal. We planned to do a MUGA for the knee along with suture removal at 3 weeks for these patients.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was carried out at our institution for patients admitted and operated on for an intra-articular distal femur fracture. These patients were evaluated for knee range of motion at 3 weeks and posted for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and suture removal.

Results:

The 15 patients who were operated on for an intra-articular distal femur fracture underwent early MUA at 3 weeks. The mean pre-manipulation mean knee flexion was 60°. On manipulation, mean knee flexion of 110° was achieved. At the time of follow-up at 3 months, mean knee flexion was 123°. The average time for MUA was 15 min. No complications occurred during manipulation procedures.

Conclusion:

Early MUA is a suitable and effective noninvasive treatment modality for postoperative stiffness in cases of intra-articular distal femur fractures.
Comparison of skeletal stability with rigid and wire fixation in patients who have undergone Le Fort I and Anterior Segmental Maxillary Osteotomy
Authors: Sivaprasad K. K. , Mani Varghese , Vichattu Sankar Vinod , George Arun , Kumar P. Ranjith
Published: October 2024

Background:

Maxillary superior repositioning is widely regarded as the most stable procedure in orthognathic surgery, requiring minimal instruments for stabilization. Rigid fixation is considered the ideal method for long-term stability, leading to improved anatomic structures, enhanced recovery of bite forces, and better bite function.

Objective:

To compare the skeletal stability following Le Fort I and anterior maxillary osteotomy with wire osteosynthesis and rigid fixation.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 16 patients, including one male and 15 females, underwent Le Fort I and anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy along with fixation using either wire osteosynthesis or rigid fixation for correction of vertical and anteroposterior maxillary excess. Patients were assessed at preoperative, 1-week postoperative, and 6-month postoperative stages using a lateral cephalogram to evaluate skeletal stability.

Results:

The wire osteosynthesis group showed significant differences in posterior maxillary vertical measurements compared to the rigid fixation group. However, there was no significant difference in anterior vertical and anteroposterior skeletal measurements between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Wire osteosynthesis is a stable form of fixation for superior repositioning with segmentation of the maxilla for correction of vertical and antero-posterior excess.