bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-driven nanomechanical sensing: specific information extraction from a complex system
Authors: Shiba Kota , Tamura Ryo , Imamura Gaku , Yoshikawa Genki
Published: June 2017

Smells are known to be composed of thousands of chemicals with various concentrations, and thus, the extraction of specific information from such a complex system is still challenging. Herein, we report for the first time that the nanomechanical sensing combined with machine learning realizes the specific information extraction, e.g. alcohol content quantification as a proof-of-concept, from the smells of liquors. A newly developed nanomechanical sensor platform, a Membrane-type Surface stress Sensor (MSS), was utilized. Each MSS channel was coated with functional nanoparticles, covering diverse analytes. The smells of 35 liquid samples including water, teas, liquors, and water/EtOH mixtures were measured using the functionalized MSS array. We selected characteristic features from the measured responses and kernel ridge regression was used to predict the alcohol content of the samples, resulting in successful alcohol content quantification. Moreover, the present approach provided a guideline to improve the quantification accuracy; hydrophobic coating materials worked more effectively than hydrophilic ones. On the basis of the guideline, we experimentally demonstrated that additional materials, such as hydrophobic polymers, led to much better prediction accuracy. The applicability of this data-driven nanomechanical sensing is not limited to the alcohol content quantification but to various fields including food, security, environment, and medicine.
Looking beyond the imaging plane: 3D needle tracking with a linear array ultrasound probe
Authors: Xia Wenfeng , West Simeon J. , Finlay Malcolm C. , Mari Jean-Martial , Ourselin Sebastien , David Anna L. , Desjardins Adrien E.
Published: June 2017

Ultrasound is well suited for guiding many minimally invasive procedures, but its use is often precluded by the poor visibility of medical devices. When devices are not visible, they can damage critical structures, with life-threatening complications. Here, we developed the first ultrasound probe that comprises both focused and unfocused transducer elements to provide both 2D B-mode ultrasound imaging and 3D ultrasonic needle tracking. A fibre-optic hydrophone was integrated into a needle to receive Golay-coded transmissions from the probe and these data were processed to obtain tracking images of the needle tip. The measured tracking accuracy in water was better than 0.4 mm in all dimensions. To demonstrate the clinical potential of this system, insertions were performed into the spine and the uterine cavity, in swine and pregnant ovine models in vivo. In both models, the SNR ranged from 13 to 38 at depths of 22 to 38 mm, at out-of-plane distances of 1 to 15 mm, and at insertion angles of 33 to 42 degrees relative to the probe surface normal. This novel ultrasound imaging/tracking probe has strong potential to improve procedural outcomes by providing 3D needle tip locations that are co-registered to ultrasound images, while maintaining compatibility with current clinical workflow.
Influences of temperature and salinity on physicochemical properties and toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Authors: Yung Mana M. N. , Kwok Kevin W. H. , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Giesy John P. , Leung Kenneth M. Y.
Published: June 2017

Climate change is predicted to result in rising average temperature of seawater with more extreme thermal events, and frequent rainfalls in some coastal regions. It is imperative to understand how naturally mediated changes in temperature and salinity can modulate toxicity of chemical contaminants to marine life. Thus, this study investigated combined effects of temperature and salinity on toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Because ZnO-NPs formed larger aggregations and released less zinc ions (Zn2+) at greater temperature and salinity, toxicity of ZnO-NPs to T. pseudonana was less at 25 °C than at 10 °C and less at 32 than 12 PSU. However, toxicity of ZnO-NPs was significantly greater at 30 °C, since T. pseudonana was near its upper thermal limit. Three test compounds, ZnO, ZnO-NPs and ZnSO4, displayed different toxic potencies and resulted in different profiles of expression of genes in T. pseudonana. This indicated that ZnO-NPs caused toxicity via different pathways compared to ZnSO4. Mechanisms of toxic action of the three compounds were also dependent on temperature and salinity. These results provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of the diatom to ZnO-NPs and Zn2+ under various regimes of temperature and salinity.
Insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes changes in response to variations in the larval environment
Authors: Owusu Henry F. , Chitnis Nakul , Müller Pie
Published: June 2017

Insecticide resistance threatens the success achieved through vector control in reducing the burden of malaria. An understanding of insecticide resistance mechanisms would help to develop novel tools and strategies to restore the efficacy of insecticides. Although we have substantially improved our understanding of the genetic basis of insecticide resistance over the last decade, we still know little of how environmental variations influence the mosquito phenotype. Here, we measured how variations in larval rearing conditions change the insecticide susceptibility phenotype of adult Anopheles mosquitoes. Anopheles gambiae and A. stephensi larvae were bred under different combinations of temperature, population density and nutrition, and the emerging adults were exposed to permethrin. Mosquitoes bred under different conditions showed considerable changes in mortality rates and body weight, with nutrition being the major factor. Weight is a strong predictor of insecticide susceptibility and bigger mosquitoes are more likely to survive insecticide treatment. The changes can be substantial, such that the same mosquito colony may be considered fully susceptible or highly resistant when judged by World Health Organization discriminatory concentrations. The results shown here emphasise the importance of the environmental background in developing insecticide resistance phenotypes, and caution for the interpretation of data generated by insecticide susceptibility assays.
Impact of Module-X2 and Carbohydrate Binding Module-3 on the catalytic activity of associated glycoside hydrolases towards plant biomass
Authors: Pasari Nandita , Adlakha Nidhi , Gupta Mayank , Bashir Zeenat , Rajacharya Girish H. , Verma Garima , Munde Manoj , Bhatnagar Rakesh , Yazdani Syed Shams
Published: June 2017

Cellulolytic enzymes capable of hydrolyzing plant biomass are secreted by microbial cells specifically in response to the carbon substrate present in the environment. These enzymes consist of a catalytic domain, generally appended to one or more non-catalytic Carbohydrate Binding Module (CBM), which enhances their activity towards recalcitrant biomass. In the present study, the genome of a cellulolytic microbe Paenibacillus polymyxa A18 was annotated for the presence of CBMs and analyzed their expression in response to the plant biomass and model polysaccharides Avicel, CMC and xylan using quantitative PCR. A gene that encodes X2-CBM3 was found to be maximally induced in response to the biomass and crystalline substrate Avicel. Association of X2-CBM3 with xyloglucanase and endoglucanase led to up to 4.6-fold increase in activity towards insoluble substrates. In the substrate binding study, module X2 showed a higher affinity towards biomass and phosphoric acid swollen cellulose, whereas CBM3 showed a higher affinity towards Avicel. Further structural modeling of X2 also indicated its potential role in substrate binding. Our findings highlighted the role of module X2 along with CBM3 in assisting the enzyme catalysis of agricultural residue and paved the way to engineer glycoside hydrolases for superior activity.
XtracTB Assay, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis molecular screening test with sensitivity approaching culture
Authors: Reed Jennifer L. , Basu Debby , Butzler Matthew A. , McFall Sally M.
Published: June 2017

Nucleic acid amplification tests are increasingly used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) due to their speed and sensitivity compared to sputum smear microscopy. However, these tests fail to equal culture’s sensitivity with sputum smear microscopy negative specimens and therefore cannot be used to rule out TB disease. For molecular tests to match culture’s sensitivity, they must detect ≤10 genomic copies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) DNA, the limit of detection of culture, process ≥1 ml of sputum ensuring sufficient number of MTB are in the reaction, and efficiently remove sputum associated inhibitors from this large sample. Here we report the preliminary characterization of XtracTB Assay, a MTB testing protocol designed for inclusion in either an integrated point-of-care platform or a high throughput automated central laboratory system. The test combines DNA sequence specific sample prep to reduce the co-extraction of qPCR inhibitors with the amplification of two MTB specific loci (IS6110 and senX3-regX3) to increase test sensitivity and minimize the likelihood of false negatives. The analytical sensitivity of the XtracTB Assay was 5 genomic copies/ml of sputum rivaling that of culture. Furthermore, 142 valid test results yield clinical sensitivity of 94.9% (95% CI: 90.1–99.9) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 90.0–100.0).
Diversity of endophytic mycobiota of tropical tree Tectona grandis Linn.f.: Spatiotemporal and tissue type effects
Authors: Singh Dheeraj K , Sharma Vijay K , Kumar Jitendra , Mishra Ashish , Verma Satish K , Sieber Thomas N , Kharwar Ravindra N
Published: June 2017

Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaf, bark and stem ofTectona grandisLinn.f. sampled at four geographical locations in winter, summer and monsoon seasons. The recovered 5089 isolates were assigned to 45 distinct morphotypes based on morphology. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nrDNA of some morphotypes were identical, but morphological differences were strong enough to consider these morphotypes as separate species. Forty-three morphotypes were assigned to ascomycotina and two to basidiomycotina. Ascomycotina was the predominating group with 99.7% of total isolates followed by basidiomycotina with only 0.3% of total isolates.Diaporthe(Phomopsis) species dominated the communities independently on tissue type, location or season. More than 60% of the examined tissue pieces were colonized by members of this species complex. While these endophytes are ubiquitous others were tissue or location specific. Tissue type had the strongest effect on the species evenness of the endophytic assemblage followed by geographical location and season. However, Shannon-Wiener index (H’) significantly (p ≤ 0.001) varied with all three factors i.e. season, location and tissue type. Leaves supported the highest diversity across all the seasons and locations. In conclusion, all the three factors together determined the structure of endophytic mycobiota assemblage ofT.grandis.
Identification of transcripts with short stuORFs as targets for DENR•MCTS1-dependent translation in human cells
Authors: Schleich Sibylle , Acevedo Julieta M. , Clemm von Hohenberg Katharina , Teleman Aurelio A.
Published: June 2017

The non-canonical initiation factors DENR and MCTS1 have been linked to cancer and autism. We recently showed in Drosophila that DENR and MCTS1 regulate translation re-initiation on transcripts containing upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs) with strong Kozak sequences (stuORFs). Due to the medical relevance of DENR and MCTS1, it is worthwhile identifying the transcripts in human cells that depend on DENR and MCTS1 for their translation. We show here that in humans, as in Drosophila, transcripts with short stuORFs require DENR and MCTS1 for their optimal expression. In contrast to Drosophila, however, the dependence on stuORF length in human cells is very strong, so that only transcripts with very short stuORFs coding for 1 amino acid are dependent on DENR and MCTS1. This identifies circa 100 genes as putative DENR and MCTS1 translational targets. These genes are enriched for neuronal genes and G protein-coupled receptors. The identification of DENR and MCTS1 target transcripts will serve as a basis for future studies aimed at understanding the mechanistic involvement of DENR and MCTS1 in cancer and autism.
Relation between the Co-O bond lengths and the spin state of Co in layered Cobaltates: a high-pressure study
Authors: Chin Yi-Ying , Lin Hong-Ji , Hu Zhiwei , Kuo Chang-Yang , Mikhailova Daria , Lee Jenn-Min , Haw Shu-Chih , Chen Shin-An , Schnelle Walter , Ishii Hirofumi , Hiraoka Nozomu , Liao Yen-Fa , Tsuei Ku-Ding , Tanaka Arata , Hao Tjeng Liu , Chen Chien-Te , Chen Jin-Ming
Published: June 2017

The pressure-response of the Co-O bond lengths and the spin state of Co ions in a hybrid 3d-5d solid-state oxide Sr2Co0.5Ir0.5O4 with a layered K2NiF4-type structure was studied by using hard X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies. The Co-K and the Ir-L
3
X-ray absorption spectra demonstrate that the Ir5+ and the Co3+ valence states at ambient conditions are not affected by pressure. The Co Kβ emission spectra, on the other hand, revealed a gradual spin state transition of Co3+ ions from a high-spin (S = 2) state at ambient pressure to a complete low-spin state (S = 0) at 40 GPa without crossing the intermediate spin state (S = 1). This can be well understood from our calculated phase diagram in which we consider the energies of the low spin, intermediate spin and high spin states of Co3+ ions as a function of the anisotropic distortion of the octahedral local coordination in the layered oxide. We infer that a short in-plane Co-O bond length (<1.90 Å) as well as a very large ratio of Co-Oapex/Co-Oin-plane is needed to stabilize the IS Co3+, a situation which is rarely met in reality.
C-C Chemokine Ligand-5 is critical for facilitating macrophage infiltration in the early phase of liver ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Lee Chiou-Mei , Peng Hsin-Hsin , Yang Polung , Liou Jiin-Tarng , Liao Chia-Chih , Day Yuan-Ji
Published: June 2017

CCL5/RANTES, a chemoattractant for myeloid cells, is induced by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). The roles of CCL5 in hepatic IRI were carried out by means of CCL5 immunodepletion, antagonistic competition by Met-CCL5, and treatment with recombinant murine CCL5 (rmCCL5). Depletion or inhibition of CCL5 reduced severity of hepatic IRI, whereas rmCCL5 treatment aggravated liver IRI as manifested in elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Moreover, IRI severity was reduced in CCL5-knockout (CCL5-KO) mice versus wildtype (WT) mice, with drops in serum ALT level, intrahepatic MPO activity, and histological pathology. Bone marrow transplantion (BMT) studies show that myeloid cells and tissue cells are both required for CCL5-aggravated hepatic IRI. The profile of liver-infiltrating leukocyte subsets after hepatic reperfusion identified CD11b+ cells as the only compartment significantly reduced in CCL5-KO mice versus WT controls at early reperfusion phase. The role of CCL5 recruiting CD11b+ cells in early reperfusion was validated by in vitro transwell migration assay of murine primary macrophages (broadly characterized by their CD11b expression) in response to liver lysates after early reperfusion. Taken together, our results demonstrate a sequence of early events elicited by CCL5 chemoattracting macrophage that result in inflammatory aggravation of hepatic IRI.
Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and hypoxia synergistically enhance chondrocytic phenotype and modify S100 protein profiles in human chondrosarcoma cells
Authors: Piltti Juha , Bygdell Joakim , Fernández-Echevarría Cecilia , Marcellino Daniel , Lammi Mikko J.
Published: June 2017

Articular chondrocytes are slowly dividing cells that tend to lose their cell type-specific phenotype and ability to produce structurally and functionally correct cartilage tissue when cultured. Thus, culture conditions, which enhance the maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype would be very useful for cartilage research. Here we show that Rho-kinase inhibition by Y-27632 under hypoxic conditions efficiently maintains and even enhances chondrocyte-specific extracellular matrix production by chondrocytic cells. The effects of long-term Y-27632 exposure to human chondrosarcoma 2/8 cell phenotype maintenance and extracellular matrix production were studied at normoxia and at a 5% low oxygen atmosphere. Y-27632 treatment at normoxia induced ACAN and COL2A1 gene up-regulation and a minor increase of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs), while type II collagen expression was not significantly up-regulated. A further increase in expression of ACAN and COL2A1 was achieved with Y-27632 treatment and hypoxia. The production of sGAGs increased by 65.8%, and ELISA analysis revealed a 6-fold up-regulation of type II collagen. Y-27632 also induced the up-regulation of S100-A1 and S100-B proteins and modified the expression of several other S100 protein family members, such as S100-A4, S100-A6, S100-A13 and S100-A16. The up-regulation of S100-A1 and S100-B proteins is suggested to enhance the chondrocytic phenotype of these cells.
Human bipedalism and body-mass index
Authors: Yi Su Do , Noh Jae Dong , Minnhagen Petter , Song Mi-Young , Chon Tae-Soo , Kim Beom Jun
Published: June 2017

Body-mass index, abbreviated as BMI and given by M/H2 with the mass M and the height H, has been widely used as a useful proxy to measure a general health status of a human individual. We generalise BMI in the form of M/H
p
and pursue to answer the question of the value of p for populations of animal species including human. We compare values of p for several different datasets for human populations with the ones obtained for other animal populations of fish, whales, and land mammals. All animal populations but humans analyzed in our work are shown to have p ≈ 3 unanimously. In contrast, human populations are different: As young infants grow to become toddlers and keep growing, the sudden change of p is observed at about one year after birth. Infants younger than one year old exhibit significantly larger value of p than two, while children between one and five years old show p ≈ 2, sharply different from other animal species. The observation implies the importance of the upright posture of human individuals. We also propose a simple mechanical model for a human body and suggest that standing and walking upright should put a clear division between bipedal human (p ≈ 2) and other animals (p ≈ 3).
Effect of sliding friction in harmonic oscillators
Authors: Vitorino Miguel V , Vieira Arthur , Rodrigues Mario S
Published: June 2017

Sliding friction is ubiquitous in nature as are harmonic oscillators. However, when treating harmonic oscillators the effect of sliding friction is often neglected. Here, we propose a simple analytical model to include both viscous and sliding friction in common harmonic oscillator equations, allowing to separate these different types of dissipation. To compare this model with experimental data, a nanometric vibration was imposed on a quartz tuning fork, while an atomic force microscope tip was used to disturb its motion. We analyzed tuning fork resonance and ‘ring down’ experimental curves and for each case calculated the amount of sliding friction and of viscous damping, finding an agreement between the two different experiments and the model proposed.
RUFY3 interaction with FOXK1 promotes invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xie Ruyi , Wang Jing , Liu Xuehua , Wu Liqing , Zhang Hui , Tang Weimei , Li Yueqiao , Xiang Li , Peng Ying , Huang Xiaoting , Bai Yang , Liu Guangnan , Li Aimin , Wang Yadong , Chen Ye , Ren Yuexin , Li Guoxin , Gong Wei , Liu Side , Wang Jide
Published: June 2017

RUFY3 is highly expressed in brain tissue and has a role in neuronal development. Transcriptional factor FOXK1 is involved in cell growth and metabolism. We knew that RUFY3 or FOXK1 has been correlated with the malignant of tumor cells. However, the role of these molecules in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unknown. We investigated the protein expression levels by Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analyses. The migration and invasive abilities of CRC cells were assessed using shRNA-mediated inhibition in vitro and in vivo. We showed that RUFY3 expression was up-regulated in CRC compared with its expression in a normal human colon cell line (FHC). RUFY3 suppression inhibited anchorage independent cell tumorigenesis. RUFY3 induced elevated expression of eight major oncogenes. Moreover, RUFY3 physically interacts with FOXK1 in CRC. A positive correlation was observed between the expression patterns of RUFY3 and FOXK1. Furthermore, RUFY3 and FOXK1 expression were correlated with tumor progression and represented significant predictors of overall survival in CRC patients. SiRNA-mediated repression of FOXK1 in RUFY3-overexpressing cells reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastatic phenotypes. In vivo, FOXK1 promoted RUFY3-mediated metastasis via orthotopic implantation. These findings suggest that the RUFY3-FOXK1 axis might promote the development and progression of human CRC.
Optofluidic device for the quantification of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer
Authors: Pedrol Eric , Garcia-Algar Manuel , Massons Jaume , Nazarenus Moritz , Guerrini Luca , Martínez Javier , Rodenas Airan , Fernandez-Carrascal Ana , Aguiló Magdalena , Estevez Laura G. , Calvo Isabel , Olano-Daza Ana , Garcia-Rico Eduardo , Díaz Francesc , Alvarez-Puebla Ramon A.
Published: June 2017

Metastatic cancer patients require a continuous monitoring during the sequential treatment cycles to carefully evaluate their disease evolution. Repetition of biopsies is very invasive and not always feasible. Herein, we design and demonstrate a 3D-flow focusing microfluidic device, where all optics are integrated into the chip, for the fluorescence quantification of CTCs in real samples. To test the chip performance, two cell membrane targets, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EpCAM, and the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase, HER2, are selected. The efficiency of the platform is demonstrated on cell lines and in a variety of healthy donors and metastatic-breast cancer patients.
Application of cysteamine-capped gold nanoparticles for early detection of lung cancer-specific miRNA (miR-25) in human blood plasma
Authors: Asadzadeh-Firouzabadi Amineh , Zare Hamid R.
Published: June 2017

In this study, we designed a nanogenosensor based on cysteamine-capped gold nanoparticles (Cys-AuNPs) that makes it possible to detect the miRNA (miR-25) related to lung cancer.
Multinuclear zinc bisamidinate catalyzed asymmetric alkylation of α-ketoesters and its unique chemoselectivity
Authors: Yamanaka Masahiro , Inaba Masamitsu , Gotoh Ryo , Ueki Yoshiyuki , Matsui Kenichiro
Published: June 2017

The multinuclear Zn-bisamidinate catalyst exhibited the preferential alkylation of α-ketoesters even in the presence of aldehydes.
Transition-metal-free synthesis of β-trifluoromethylated enamines with trifluoromethanesulfinate
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Huang Wei , Yu Yue , Yi Songjian , Li Jiawei , Wu Wanqing
Published: June 2017

Direct olefinic C–H trifluoromethylation of enamines is developed under transition metal-free conditions by using Langlois' reagent (NaSO2CF3).
Highly efficient electroluminescent PtII ppy-type complexes with monodentate ligands
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Dang Feifan , Feng Zhao , Liu Boao , Yang Xiaolong , Wu Yong , Zhou Guijiang , Wu Zhaoxin , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: June 2017

Functional PtII ppy-type complexes (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine anion) with pyridine and chloride monodentate ligands are prepared, which show high electroluminescence efficiencies.
A model for C–F activation by electrophilic phosphonium cations
Authors: Mallov Ian , Johnstone Timothy C. , Burns Darcy C. , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: June 2017

The electrophilic phosphonium cation (EPC) salt [C10H6(CF3)PF(C6F5)2][B(C6F5)4] 4 exhibited structural and spectroscopic features evidencing an interaction between the CF3 and fluorophosphonium units. It thus models a key step in the proposed mechanism of main group C–F activation.
From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Cheng K. , Chhor K. , Brinza O. , Vrel D. , Kanaev A.
Published: June 2017

We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids ZrxTi1−xO2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) after heat treatment.
NH3-assisted chloride flux-coating method for direct fabrication of visible-light-responsive SrNbO2N crystal layers
Authors: Kawashima Kenta , Hojamberdiev Mirabbos , Mabayoje Oluwaniyi , Wygant Bryan R. , Yubuta Kunio , Mullins C. Buddie , Domen Kazunari , Teshima Katsuya
Published: June 2017

SrNbO2N crystal layers were prepared on niobium substrates by using an NH3-assisted chloride flux-coating method.
A new computational approach to the study of epitaxy: the calcite/dolomite case
Authors: Bruno M. , Massaro F. R. , Rubbo M.
Published: June 2017

A new way to determine the adhesion and interfacial energies in epitaxial systems is presented.
Cation distribution and vacancies in nickel cobaltite
Authors: Loche Danilo , Marras Claudia , Carta Daniela , Casula Maria Francesca , Mountjoy Gavin , Corrias Anna
Published: June 2017

Nickel cobaltite can have a larger average overall oxidation state of the cobalt and nickel cations, than expected.
Gas-phase vibrational spectroscopy of triphenylamine: the effect of charge on structure and spectra
Authors: Munshi Musleh Uddin , Berden Giel , Martens Jonathan , Oomens Jos
Published: June 2017

The effect of ionization by oxidation and protonation on the structure and IR spectrum of isolated, gas-phase triphenylamine (TPA) has been investigated by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the fingerprint range from 600 cm−1 to 1800 cm−1 using an infrared free electron laser.
In situ analysis of reaction kinetics of reduction promotion of NiMn2O4under microwave H-field irradiation
Authors: Fukushima Jun , Takayama Sadatsugu , Goto Hiroshi , Sato Motoyasu , Takizawa Hirotsugu
Published: June 2017

Reaction kinetics during microwave H-field heating and electric furnace heating were investigated to verify the effect of rapid heating and the non-thermal microwave effect.
Adsorption versus aggregation of NIPAM nanogels: new insight into their behaviour at the air/water interface as a function of concentration
Authors: Zielińska Katarzyna , Campbell Richard A. , Zarbakhsh Ali , Resmini Marina
Published: June 2017

We have used neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements in combination with dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface tension and ellipsometry, to study the adsorption behaviour at the air/water interface of N-isopropylacrylamide-based nanogels as a function of concentration.
Molecular simulation of CH4/CO2/H2O competitive adsorption on low rank coal vitrinite
Authors: Yu Song , Bo Jiang , Wu Li
Published: June 2017

The competitive adsorptions of CH4/CO2/H2O on coal vitrinite (DV-8, C214H180O24N2) were computed based on density function theory (DFT) and grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC).
Experimental evidence of an electronic transition in CeP under pressure using Ce L3 XAS
Authors: Joseph B. , Torchio R. , Benndorf C. , Irifune T. , Shinmei T. , Pöttgen R. , Zerr A.
Published: June 2017

A direct compelling evidence of an electronic transition associated with the isostructural unit-cell volume discontinuity in CeP under pressure is provided using Ce L3-XAS. A DAC with a combination of a mini and a partially perforated anvils made of nanodiamonds permitted us to track the pressure induced changes in the 4f state of Ce in CeP.
Oxidized and Si-doped graphene: emerging adsorbents for removal of dioxane
Authors: Cortés-Arriagada Diego , Miranda-Rojas Sebastián , Ortega Daniela E. , Toro-Labbé Alejandro
Published: June 2017

The adsorption properties of oxidized graphene (GO) and Si-doped graphene (SiG) towards 1,4-dioxane were theoretically characterized.
A novel combined chemical kinetic and trapping method for probing the relationships between chemical reactivity and interfacial H2O, Br− and H+ ion molarities in CTAB/C12E6 mixed micelles
Authors: Dar Aijaz Ahmad , Romsted Laurence S. , Nazir Nighat , Zhang Yongliang , Gao Xiang , Gu Qing , Liu Changyao
Published: June 2017

Reaction of TBHQ and 16-ArN2+ in CTAB/C12E6 mixed micellar interfaces is strongly affected by the interfacial hydrogen ion concentration and not micelle size.
A new route to π-extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via cross-dehydrogenative coupling
Authors: Jafarpour Farnaz , Ayoubi-Chianeh Mojgan , Abbasnia Masoumeh , Azizzade Meysam
Published: June 2017

A rare example of fruitful construction of highly π-extended PAHs expressly via palladium-catalyzed CDC reaction is demonstrated.
Products of Criegee intermediate reactions with NO2: experimental measurements and tropospheric implications
Authors: Caravan Rebecca L. , Khan M. Anwar H. , Rotavera Brandon , Papajak Ewa , Antonov Ivan O. , Chen Ming-Wei , Au Kendrew , Chao Wen , Osborn David L. , Lin Jim Jr-Min , Percival Carl J. , Shallcross Dudley E. , Taatjes Craig A.
Published: June 2017

The reactions of Criegee intermediates with NO2 have been proposed as a potentially significant source of the important nighttime oxidant NO3, particularly in urban environments where concentrations of ozone, alkenes and NOx are high. However, previous efforts to characterize the yield of NO3 from these reactions have been inconclusive, with many studies failing to detect NO3. In the present work, the reactions of formaldehyde oxide (CH2OO) and acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO) with NO2 are revisited to further explore the product formation over a pressure range of 4–40 Torr. NO3 is not observed; however, temporally resolved and [NO2]-dependent signal is observed at the mass of the Criegee–NO2 adduct for both formaldehyde- and acetaldehyde-oxide systems, and the structure of this adduct is explored through ab initio calculations. The atmospheric implications of the title reaction are investigated through global modelling.
Presence and formation of fluorescence carbon dots in a grilled hamburger
Authors: Li Yao , Bi Jingran , Liu Shan , Wang Haitao , Yu Chenxu , Li Dongmei , Zhu Bei-Wei , Tan Mingqian
Published: June 2017

Carbon nanoparticles in a grilled hamburger were discovered, which showed different structures and properties at various heating temperatures.
Controlled self-assembly of alginate microgels by rapidly binding molecule pairs
Authors: Hu Yuebi , Mao Angelo S. , Desai Rajiv M. , Wang Huanan , Weitz David A. , Mooney David J.
Published: June 2017

We develop a method for self-assembly of 25- to 30 μm sized alginate microgels, and demonstrate its applicability for singly-encapsulated stem cells and multilayered spheroids.
Correction: Design, synthesis, crystal structure and fungicidal activity of (E)-5-(methoxyimino)-3,5-dihydrobenzo[e][1,2]oxazepin-4(1H)-one analogues
Authors: Yang Dongyan , Wan Chuan , He MengMeng , Che Chuanliang , Xiao Yumei , Fu Bin , Qin Zhaohai
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘Design, synthesis, crystal structure and fungicidal activity of (E)-5-(methoxyimino)-3,5-dihydrobenzo[e][1,2]oxazepin-4(1H)-one analogues’ by Dongyan Yang et al., Med. Chem. Commun., 2017, 8, 1007–1014.
Rh/Ni wet-impregnated Ia3d mesostructured aluminosilicate and r-GO catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of phenoxybenzene
Authors: Pichaikaran Sudhakar , Pandurangan Arumugam
Published: June 2017

Rh/Ni bimetallic supported bifunctional 3D porous aluminosilicate and Rh/Ni supported reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) catalysts were synthesised and their structural properties evaluated by XRD, BET-surface area, FT-IR, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, ICP-OES, HRTEM-EDAX and XPS analysis.
Synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of the PANI/δ-MnO2 electrode for high performing asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Misnon Izan Izwan , Jose Rajan
Published: June 2017

Structure–property correlation and electrochemistry of in situ polymerized PANI on MnO2 and an asymmetric supercapacitor using them are presented.
Hyper-crosslinked aromatic polymers with improved microporosity for enhanced CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivity
Authors: Chen Dongyang , Gu Shuai , Fu Yu , Fu Xianbiao , Zhang Yindong , Yu Guipeng , Pan Chunyue
Published: June 2017

Two knitting polymers derived from highly rigid contorted monomers achieve improved microporosity for CO2 storage and separation applications.
Central composite design in HPMC granulation and correlations between product properties and process parameters
Authors: De Simone Veronica , Dalmoro Annalisa , Lamberti Gaetano , d'Amore Matteo , Barba Anna Angela
Published: June 2017

Combined effects of rpm, binder volume and binder flow rate on granulation yield and flowability properties have been investigated.
A simple fluorescence sensor for the detection of nitrite (NO2−) in real samples using water-dispersible graphite-like carbon nitride (w-g-C3N4) nanomaterials
Authors: Chen Jing , Ma Qin , Wang Caihe , Hu Xiaoyan , Gao Yunjing , Wang Huan , Qin Dongdong , Lu Xiaoquan
Published: June 2017

A novel NO2− detection method based on the reaction of w-g-C3N4 with nitrite (NO2−) in an acidic medium.
Synthesis of 4-aryl-1,2,3-triazolyl appended natural coumarin-related compounds with antiproliferative and radical scavenging activities and intracellular ROS production modification
Authors: Bistrović A. , Stipaničev N. , Opačak-Bernardi T. , Jukić M. , Martinez S. , Glavaš-Obrovac Lj. , Raić-Malić S.
Published: June 2017

Diverse natural coumarin-based compounds linked to arylviaa 1,2,3-triazole spacer with antiproliferative activity against K562 cells, radical scavenging activity and a decrease of ROS production were provided.
Superior shuttling of lithium and sodium ions in manganese-doped titania @ functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube anodes
Authors: Ata-Ur-Rehman Ata-Ur-Rehman , Ali Ghulam , Badshah Amin , Chung Kyung Yoon , Nam Kyung-Wan , Jawad Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad , Abbas Syed Mustansar
Published: June 2017

The incorporation of Mn-ions and highly conductive MWCNTs in anatase TiO2 lattice play a crucial role in terms of defects and vacancy creation, increasing conduction band electrons to facilitate Li and Na-ion diffusion for superior electrochemical performance.
A PbI2−xClxseed layer for obtaining efficient planar-heterojunction perovskite solar cells via an interdiffusion process
Authors: Ko Yohan , Choi Woo Yeol , Yun Yong Ju , Jun Yongseok
Published: June 2017

Investigated were the effects of the correlation between the chlorine and PbI2contents on the perovskite solar cell performance.
Ruthenium-catalyzed site-selective C–H arylation of 2-pyridones and 1-isoquinolinones
Authors: Anil Kumar K. , Kannaboina Prakash , Das Parthasarathi
Published: June 2017

An efficient Ru(ii)-catalyzed site-selective C–H arylation of 2-pyridones and 1-isoquinolinones with boronic acids by using pyridine as a directing group has been developed.
Structure/property relationships in copolymers comprising renewable isosorbide, glucarodilactone, and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan subunits
Authors: Lillie Leon M. , Tolman William B. , Reineke Theresa M.
Published: June 2017

Carbohydrates and their derivatives have great potential as building blocks for the development of renewable materials that are cost and performance competitive with conventional petroleum-based materials.
Intramolecular aminocyanation of alkenes promoted by hypervalent iodine
Authors: Shen Hang , Deng Qingfu , Liu Ruojuan , Feng Yangyang , Zheng Congke , Xiong Yan
Published: June 2017

Hypervalent iodine-promoted aminocyanation of unactivated alkenes has been developed and the orientation of cyanation on the double bond can be controlled.
Gold(i)-catalyzed access to neomerane skeletons
Authors: Tugny Coralie , Khaled Omar , Derat Etienne , Goddard Jean-Philippe , Mouriès-Mansuy Virginie , Fensterbank Louis
Published: June 2017

The gold(i) catalyzed cycloisomerization of an enynyl propargylic ester, featuring a 1,2-acyloxy migration/intramolecular cyclopropanation sequence, opens a straightforward access to the 5,7,3-tricyclic skeleton of neomerane sesquiterpenes. The first total synthesis of 5-epi-valeneomerin B in 12 steps with an overall yield of 5.3% is reported.
Grain size reduction on nanostructured TiO2 thin films due to annealing
Authors: Khalifa Zaki S.
Published: June 2017

TiO2 thin films have been deposited at 300 °C on quartz substrates by a metal–organic chemical vapor deposition technique.
Fabrication of metal/semiconductor hybrid Ag/AgInO2 nanocomposites with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic properties
Authors: Zhang Xiangchao , Xu Difa , Jia Yanrong , Zhang Shiying
Published: June 2017

A Ag/AgInO2 hybrid photocatalyst was developed to improve the visible-light-driven degradation of methylene blue.
A mesoporous titanium glycolate with exceptional adsorption capacity to remove multiple heavy metal ions in water
Authors: Han Wei , Yang Xiulin , Zhao Fuwen , Shi Xiaofeng , Wang Taishan , Zhang Xiangdong , Jiang Li , Wang Chunru
Published: June 2017

A facile, green strategy is explored to obtain mesoporous titanium glycolate (Ti(OCH2CH2O)2) via a one-pot hydrothermal reaction.
Quantification analysis of protein and mycelium contents upon inhibition of melanin for Aspergillus niger: a study of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS)
Authors: Kumaran Sekar , Abdelhamid Hani Nasser , Wu Hui-Fen
Published: June 2017

Mass spectrometry (MS) provides a simple discrimination method for microorganisms.
Synthesis of highly substituted dihydro-2-oxopyrroles using Fe3O4@nano-cellulose–OPO3H as a novel bio-based magnetic nanocatalyst
Authors: Salehi Naeimeh , Fatameh Mirjalili Bi Bi
Published: June 2017

A green and environmentally friendly approach for the synthesis of dihydro-2-oxopyrrole derivatives was developed using Fe3O4@nano-cellulose–OPO3H as a novel bio-based magnetic nanocatalyst.
First-principles study on structural, electronic, vibrational and thermodynamic properties of Sr10(PO4)6X2(X = F, Cl, Br)
Authors: Yuan Zhihong , Gao Tao , Zheng Yuanlei , Ma Shenggui , Yang Mingli , Chen Piheng
Published: June 2017

A theoretical investigation on the structural stability, electronic, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of the strontium apatites Sr10(PO4)6X2(X = F, Cl, Br) is systematically conducted by the first-principles calculations.
Applying rheological analysis to understand the mechanism of polyacrylamide (PAM) conditioning for sewage sludge dewatering
Authors: Wang Hou-Feng , Wang Hua-Jie , Hu Hao , Zeng Raymond J.
Published: June 2017

Physic-chemical behavior and rheological property of PAM conditioned sludge are explored. Rheological analysis could act as a useful indicator to reveal the mechanism of sludge dewatering.
Catalytic formation of C(sp3)–F bonds via decarboxylative fluorination with mechanochemically-prepared Ag2O/TiO2 heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Tarantino G. , Botti L. , Dimitratos N. , Hammond C.
Published: June 2017

Mechanochemically-prepared, Ag2O-containing solid materials, are shown to be efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of C(sp3)–F bonds via decarboxylative fluorination.
Diversity-oriented synthesis of heterocycles and macrocycles by controlled reactions of oxetanes with α-iminocarbenes
Authors: Guarnieri-Ibáñez Alejandro , Medina Florian , Besnard Céline , Kidd Sarah L. , Spring David R. , Lacour Jérôme
Published: June 2017

Using N-sulfonyl triazoles and oxetanes, a large variety of heterocycles and macrocycles were prepared via formal [1 + 4], [5 + 4 + 4] and [3 + 4 + 4 + 4] condensations.
Core–shell Au/CeO2 nanoparticles supported in UiO-66 beads exhibiting full CO conversion at 100 °C
Authors: Yazdi A. , Abo Markeb A. , Garzón-Tovar L. , Patarroyo J. , Moral-Vico J. , Alonso A. , Sánchez A. , Bastus N. , Imaz I. , Font X. , Puntes V. , Maspoch D.
Published: June 2017

Hybrid core–shell Au/CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in UiO-66 shaped into microspherical beads are created using the spray-drying continuous-flow method.
Computation-predicted, stable, and inexpensive single-atom nanocatalyst Pt@Mo2C – an important advanced material for H2 production
Authors: Li Qiaohong , Ma Zuju , Sa Rongjian , Adidharma Hertanto , Gasem Khaled A. M. , Russell Armistead G. , Fan Maohong , Wu Kechen
Published: June 2017

A lower-cost single-atom nanocatalyst Pt@Mo2C for H2 production was theoretically predicted.
Hypergolic fuels based on water-stable borohydride cluster anions with ultralow ignition delay times
Authors: Jiao Nianming , Zhang Yanqiang , Liu Long , Shreeve Jean'ne M. , Zhang Suojiang
Published: June 2017

A series of [B12H12]2−, [B10H10]2− and [B6H7]− salts were prepared with excellent hydrolytic and thermal stabilities (Td > 200 °C), especially ultra-fast ignition delay times (as low as 1 ms) upon contact with white fuming nitric acid or N2O4, which is a superior ignition performance.
Novel achiral four-ring bent-shaped nematic liquid crystals with trifluoromethyl and methyl substituents in the central molecular core: an unusually large Kerr constant in blue phase III of nematic-chiral dopant mixture
Authors: Khan R. K. , Turlapati S. , Rao N. V. S. , Pratibha R. , Drzewinski W. , Dabrowski R. , Ghosh S.
Published: June 2017

Stable BPIII with unusually large Kerr constant is derived from four-ring bent-core nematic liquid crystals comprising a trifluoromethyl phenyl core.
Asymptotic g modes: Evidence for a rapid rotation of the solar core
Authors: Fossat E. , Boumier P. , Corbard T. , Provost J. , Salabert D. , Schmider F. X. , Gabriel A. H. , Grec G. , Renaud C. , Robillot J. M. , Roca-Cortés T. , Turck-Chièze S. , Ulrich R. K. , Lazrek M.
Published: June 2017

Context. Over the past 40 years, helioseismology has been enormously successful in the study of the solar interior. A shortcoming has been the lack of a convincing detection of the solar g modes, which are oscillations driven by gravity and are hidden in the deepest part of the solar body – its hydrogen-burning core. The detection of g modes is expected to dramatically improve our ability to model this core, the rotational characteristics of which have, until now, remained unknown.

Aims. We present the identification of very low frequency g modes in the asymptotic regime and two important parameters that have long been waited for: the core rotation rate, and the asymptotic equidistant period spacing of these g modes.

Methods. The GOLF instrument on board the SOHO space observatory has provided two decades of full-disk helioseismic data. The search for g modes in GOLF measurements has been extremely difficult because of solar and instrumental noise. In the present study, the p modes of the GOLF signal are analyzed differently: we search for possible collective frequency modulations that are produced by periodic changes in the deep solar structure. Such modulations provide access to only very low frequency g modes, thus allowing statistical methods to take advantage of their asymptotic properties.

Results. For oscillatory periods in the range between 9 and nearly 48 h, almost 100 g modes of spherical harmonic degree 1 and more than 100 g modes of degree 2 are predicted. They are not observed individually, but when combined, they unambiguously provide their asymptotic period equidistance and rotational splittings, in excellent agreement with the requirements of the asymptotic approximations. When the period equidistance has been measured, all of the individual frequencies of each mode can be determined. Previously, p-mode helioseismology allowed the g-mode period equidistance parameter P0 to be bracketed inside a narrow range, between approximately 34 and 35 min. Here, P0 is measured to be 34 min 01 s, with a 1 s uncertainty. The previously unknown g-mode splittings have now been measured from a non-synodic reference with very high accuracy, and they imply a mean weighted rotation of 1277 ± 10 nHz (9-day period) of their kernels, resulting in a rapid rotation frequency of 1644 ± 23 nHz (period of one week) of the solar core itself, which is a factor 3.8 ± 0.1 faster than the rotation of the radiative envelope.

Conclusions. The g modes are known to be the keys to a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the solar core. Their detection with these precise parameters will certainly stimulate a new era of research in this field.
What Is High Enough? Elevated NT-pro-BNP in Decompensated Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Womack Clayton , Lutherer L. , Todd Christopher , Pinkney Kerrie , Kasemsri Thivakorn , Reeves Shawn
Published: June 2017

Since the late 1980s, elevated atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was considered the cause of brisk diuresis in adult patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) and related molecules, e.g., N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) are known biomarkers of heart failure in adult patients from many causes with probable relevance in children. Perhaps, pro-BNP or related molecules such as NT-pro-BNP are useful in the management of PSVT in infants, thus hastening treatment in children who may otherwise significantly decompensate. Case series of one infant and two neonates presenting with cardiogenic shock and evidence of heart failure are presented. Cardiac monitoring or electrocardiogram (ECG) confirmed the presence of PSVT. Adenosine was administered resulting in successful chemical cardioversion with each case. Significantly elevated NT-pro-BNP levels correlated with heart failure prior to cardioversion. In each case, patients were discharged home with lower NT-pro-BNP levels and maintenance with a β-blocker. Due to documented relationships between elevated pro-BNP level and heart failure in adults, the authors measured the related biomarker NT-pro-BNP in each case, as the relationship could be similar in pediatric PSVT. Based on our experience with children in acute heart failure from other causes, NT-pro-BNP can increase to potentially extreme levels in infants. It appears to correlate with clinical signs of insufficient cardiac output, such as tachycardia, respiratory distress, and moribund appearance. Indeed, in the case series, extremely high NT-pro-BNP values were obtained when the patients appeared moribund from decompensated PSVT. The question arising from these observations is: At what level of elevated NT-pro-BNP, would patients be identified for cardioversion prior to appearance of other signs and symptoms? For each patient within the case series, NT-pro-BNP levels of approximately 20,000 pg/mL were indicative of decompensated heart failure, which was subsequently confirmed by examination of the patient. Further investigation is needed to determine the clinical significance of NT-pro-BNP and related peptides in pediatric patients with PSVT and intermittent PSVT. However, the possibility exists that an increase in NT-pro-BNP and related peptides could be a biomarker for cardiac decompensation after prolonged or intermittent PSVT, thereby shortening the time of diagnosis and intervention, and hence, potentially preventing morbidity, mortality, and extended hospitalization. Additional evidence-based research would help provide biomarker information during PSVT allowing practitioners to more objectively analyze risks.