bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface organic modification of titanium dioxide fine particles through photo polymerization
Authors: Gao Jun , Yang Mao , Lei Jingxin
Published: December 2011

CC unsaturated groups were chemically inserted onto TiO2 particles surfaces through chemical reaction of hydroxyl group on the TiO2 fine particle surface with 2,4‐diidocyanatotoluene (TDI) first, and then with 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). Finally, TiO2 fine particles with surface organic modification were made through the free radical copolymerization reaction with n‐butyl acrylate (BA) monomer under UV irradiation. The structure and properties of unmodified and modified TiO2 were studied by FT‐IR, XPS, TGA, TEM, lipophilic rates, and adhesion properties tests. The results show that the surface of TiO2 has been successfully introduced with the organic chains through chemical bonding linkage; the surface lipophilic rates of TiO2 particles are increased. The dispersion and compatibility of the modified TiO2 particles in a commercial ink 508C resin greatly improve as compared with that of unmodified TiO2, and agglomeration of particles obviously reduces. The adhesion strength between the white printing ink made from the modified TiO2 particles and BOPP is much better than that from the unmodified TiO2. When the organic rate reached 24.93%, the adhesion strength reaches Grade I. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Characterizations on the amidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes grafted with polyaniline via in situ polymerization
Authors: Wu Yi‐Jhen , Chao Liang , Ho Ko‐Shan , Huang Ying‐Jie , Huang Yu‐Lan , Yang Chi‐Shiang , Tseng Bo‐Hao
Published: December 2011

A multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were carboxylated after refluxing with sulfuric and nitric acids. These attached carboxylic acid groups were further condensated with o‐phenylene diamine into amide catalyzed by dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC). The obtained amidized MWCNTs were in situ‐polymerized with aniline monomers to graft a conducting polyaniline (PANI) onto MWCNT (ES‐g‐MWCNTs) through the polymerization occurring in the ortho‐ and meta‐positions. The reduced conductivity of the MWCNT after carboxylation can be recovered after grafting with PANI, which owns a strong λmax at the near infrared region due to the extended conjugation from MWCNTs to PANI. Transmission electronic microscopic pictures show a gradual broadening of the MWCNT diameter after carboxylation, amidization, and polymerization. The weight loss from the thermogravimetric thermograms due to the carboxylations of MWCNTs, amidized MWCNTs, and the PANI grafted MWCNTs into CO2 can be used to estimate the degree of carboxylation, amidization, and grafting of PANI. The degree of carboxylation of MWCNT calculated from ESCA spectrum is around 23% close to that estimated from TGA thermogram. The doping level of redoped PANI‐grafted MWCNT is found to be 27.78% much less than the maximum 50% of neat PANI. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Enantioselective Zinc‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Ketones using Pybox or Pybim Ligands
Authors: Junge Kathrin , Möller Konstanze , Wendt Bianca , Das Shoubhik , Gördes Dirk , Thurow Kerstin , Beller Matthias
Published: December 2011

The combination of ZnEt2 and chiral pyridinebisoxazoline (pybox) or pyridinebisimidazoline (pybim) ligands catalyzed the asymmetric hydrosilylation of aryl, alkyl, cyclic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic ketones. Under mild conditions, high yields and good enantioselectivities were achieved. ESI measurements allowed for the characterization of the active catalyst.
Histone crotonylation specifically marks the haploid male germ cell gene expression program
Authors: Montellier Emilie , Rousseaux Sophie , Zhao Yingming , Khochbin Saadi
Published: December 2011

The haploid male germ cell differentiation program controls essential steps of male gametogenesis and relies partly on a significant number of sex chromosome‐linked genes. These genes need to escape chromosome‐wide transcriptional repression of sex chromosomes, which occurs during meiosis and is largely maintained in post‐meiotic cells. A newly discovered histone lysine modification, crotonylation (Kcr), marks X/Y‐linked genes that are active in post‐meiotic male germ cells. Histone Kcr, by conferring resistance to transcriptional repressors, could be a dominant element in maintaining these genes active in the globally repressive environment of haploid cell sex chromosomes. Furthermore, the same mark was found associated with post‐meiotically activated genes on autosomes. Histone Kcr therefore appears to be an indicator of the male haploid cell gene expression program and a notable element of genome programming in the post‐meiotic phases of spermatogenesis.
Phosphorylation as a Tool To Modulate Aggregation Propensity and To Predict Fibril Architecture
Authors: Valette Nathalie M. , Radford Sheena E. , Harris Sarah A. , Warriner Stuart L.
Published: December 2011

Despite the importance of post‐translational modifications in controlling the solubility and conformational properties of proteins and peptides, precisely how the aggregation propensity of different peptide sequences is modulated by chemical modification remains unclear. Here we have investigated the effect of phosphorylation on the aggregation propensity of a 13‐residue synthetic peptide incorporating one or more phosphate groups at seven different sites at various pH values. Fibril formation was shown to be inhibited when a single phosphate group was introduced at all seven locations in the peptide sequence at pH 7.5, when the phosphate group is fully charged. By contrast, when the same peptides were analysed at pH 1.1, when the phosphate is fully protonated, fibrils from all seven peptide sequences form rapidly. At intermediate pH values (pH 3.6) when the phosphate group is mono‐anionic, the aggregation propensity of the peptides was found to be highly dependent on the position of the phosphate group in the peptide sequence. Using this information, combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the peptide sequence, we provide evidence consistent with the peptide forming amyloid fibrils with a class 7 architecture. The results highlight the potential utility of phosphorylation as a method of reversibly controlling the aggregation kinetics of peptide sequences both during and after synthesis. Moreover, by exploiting the ability of the phosphate group to adopt different charge states as a function of pH, and combining experimental insights with atomistic information calculated from MD simulations as pH is varied, we show how the resulting information can be used to predict fibril structures consistent with both datasets, and use these to rationalise their sensitivity of fibrillation kinetics both to the location of the phosphate group and its charge state.
Design Criteria for Oilfield Separators Improved by Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Pourahmadi Laleh A. , Svrcek W. Y. , Monnery W. D.
Published: December 2011

Oilfield separator data ranging from light‐oil conditions to heavy‐oil conditions were incorporated into suitable two‐phase and three‐phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to provide improved design criteria for separator design methods. The CFD simulation results revealed that the most important affecting parameters are vapor density and oil viscosity. In contrast with the classic design methods, noticeable residence times were required for liquid droplets to penetrate through the fluid interfaces. Moreover, it was indicated that the Abraham equation should be used instead of the Stokes' law in the liquid‐liquid separation calculations. The velocity constraints caused by re‐entrainment in horizontal separators were also studied and led to novel correlations.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Metal‐Centered Monocyclic Boron Rings: Co@B‐8 and Ru@B‐9.
Authors: Romanescu Constantin , Galeev Timur R. , Li Wei‐Li , Boldyrev Alexander I. , Wang Lai‐Sheng
Published: December 2011

Co@B‐8, Ru@B‐9, Co@B8, and Ru@B9 clusters are characterized by photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Phosphorescence Properties of Mn4+, La3+ and Ho3+ in MgAl2Si2O8.
Authors: Kalaycioglu Nilgun Ozpozan , Circir Esra
Published: December 2011

Undoped MgAl2Si2O8 red phosphor, and doped (Mg0.90Mn0.10) Al2Si2O8, (Mg0.88Mn0.10La0.02) Al2Si2O8, and (Mg0.88Mn0.10Ho0.02) Al2Si2O8 fuchsia‐pink phosphors are prepared by solid state reactions of 4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·5H2O, Al2O3, SiO2, MnO2, La2O3, and Ho2O3 in the presence of small quantities of H3BO3 as a flux (1300 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: New Mixed Palladium—Lead and Palladium—Tin Tellurides of the NiAs Type.
Authors: Zakharova E. Yu. , Isaeva A. A. , Kuznetsov A. N. , Olenev A. V.
Published: December 2011

New phases of the Pd—Pb—Te and Pd—Sn—Te systems belonging to the NiAs structure type are synthesized from the elements (750 °C, 8—10 h) and characterized by powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Co2P: A Facile Solid State Synthesis and Its Applications in Alkaline Rechargeable Batteries.
Authors: Jiao Lifang , et al. et al.
Published: December 2011

Crystals of Co2P are synthesized by evaporation of an aqueous solution of NaH2PO2 and CoCl2 (90 °C, 24 h) followed by calcination at 873 K for 6 h.
ChemInform Abstract: AlB3O6(OH)·0.5 (C2H10N2): An Organically Templated Aluminoborate with hnb‐Layer Structure.
Authors: Liu Guang‐Zhen , Xin Ling‐Xin , Wang Li‐Ya
Published: December 2011

The title compound is solvothermally synthesized from a mixture of Al(OPr)3, H3BO3, and diethylenetriamine in the presence of HF as mineralizer and H2O/pyridine as medium (autoclave, 180 °C, 7 d, 35% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Oleum and Sulfuric Acid as Reaction Media: Structural Features and Thermal Behavior of Ln2[W2O3(SO4)6] (Ln: Sm—Gd, Ho), Ln2Nb2O2(SO4)3‐ [H(SO4)2]2 (Ln: Y, Ce—Nd, Sm—Er), Sm2Nb2O2(SO4)5 (S2O7), and M2Nb4O5(SO4)8 (M: Bi, Eu).
Authors: Betke Ulf , Wickleder Mathias S.
Published: December 2011

The title compounds are solvothermally prepared and structurally characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: A Basic Bismuth(III) Dodecahydro‐closo‐dodecaborate Hydrate: [Bi6O4(OH)4] [B12H12]3·10H2O.
Authors: Zimmermann Lucas W. , Schleid Thomas
Published: December 2011

Colorless, hexagonally plate‐shaped single crystals of the new title compound are prepared from an aqueous solution of (H3O)2[B12H12] (obtained by passing a solution of Cs2[B12H12] in water through a strongly acidic ion‐exchange column) and Bi2O3 (20 °C, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: A Mixed‐Valence Manganese Cubane Trapped by Inequivalent Trilacunary Polyoxometalate Ligands.
Authors: Cronin Leroy , et al. et al.
Published: December 2011

K18 [MnIII2MnII4 (μ3‐O)2(H2O)4 (SiW8O31)(SiW9O34 )(SiW10O36)]·40H2O is synthesized from an aqueous solution of K8[γ‐SiW10O36], MnCl2, and K2CO3 (pH 8.40—8.50, precise pH control by dropwise addition of K2CO3 over 40 min, 40 °C, 4 h; 35% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Catalysis in Micellar Systems.
Authors: Minkler Stefan R. K. , Lipshutz Bruce H. , Krause Norbert
Published: December 2011

The first examples are established for gold‐catalyzed cycloisomerizations at room temperature in micellar systems using PTS or TPGS‐750‐M as the amphiphile.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Carbonyl Ylide Reactions: Selective Synthesis of Dihydrofurans and Dihydrobenzoxepines.
Authors: Zhou Jiao‐Long , Liang Yong , Deng Chao , Zhou Haolai , Wang Zheng , Sun Xiu‐Li , Zheng Jun‐Cheng , Yu Zhi‐Xiang , Tang Yong
Published: December 2011

DFT calculations show, that the bulkiness of the ligand controls the reaction between α‐benzylidene‐β‐dicarbonyl compounds (I) and diazoacetate (II) to give either the five‐ or seven‐membered products (III)/(V) or (VI)/(VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of SH‐Heterocycles with Diethyl Phosphite Using Tetrachloroethylene as an Efficient Solvent.
Authors: Quan Zheng‐Jun , Ren Rong‐Guo , Da Xu‐Xia , Zhang Zhang , Wang Xi‐Cun
Published: December 2011

Chemoselective S‐alkylation of a variety of mercapto‐substituted N‐heterocycles is achieved with diethyl phosphite in the presence of DMAP and tetrachloroethylene as solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Mannich Reaction of a Highly Reactive Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons Reagent with Imines Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Thiourea.
Authors: Zhao Depeng , Yang Dongxu , Wang Yijie , Wang Yuan , Wang Linqing , Mao Lijuan , Wang Rui
Published: December 2011

N‐Acyl pyrrole phosphonates (II) are highly reactive nucleophiles for the asymmetric Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Room Temperature Nickel(II) Complexes [(4‐MeOC6H4)Ni‐(PCy3)2OTs and Ni(PCy3)2X2]‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl/Alkenyl Sulfonates with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Xing Chun‐Hui , Lee Jeng‐Ru , Tang Zhen‐Yu , Zheng Jin Rong , Hu Qiao‐Sheng
Published: December 2011

Air‐stable Ni‐catalysts are used for the room‐temperature cross‐coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Decarboxylative Three‐Component Coupling of a 2‐Oxoacetic Acid, an Amine, and an Alkyne
Authors: Feng Huangdi , Ermolatev Denis S. , Song Gonghua , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: December 2011

as a new and efficient method to prepare polysubstituted propargylamines
ChemInform Abstract: Double Nucleophilic Addition to Acrolein with Ketene Silyl Acetals and Allylborolanes Catalyzed by Proline.
Authors: Shimizu Makoto , Kawanishi Mami , Itoh Akinori , Mizota Isao , Hachiya Iwao
Published: December 2011

An efficient system is developed and optimized for the double nucleophilic addition to acrolein using L‐proline as catalyst and silica gel as promoter.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation: Facile Synthetic Access to Highly Optically Active Trifluoromethylated Amines.
Authors: Henseler Alexander , Kato Masanori , Mori Keiji , Akiyama Takahiko
Published: December 2011

The desired products can be prepared from trifluoromethyl imines or trifluoromethyl ketones in the presence of organocatalyst BPA.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐Benzyl Isothiouronium Chloride as a Recoverable Organocatalyst for the Direct Reductive Amination of Aldehydes.
Authors: Nguyen Quynh Pham Bao , Kim Taek Hyeon
Published: December 2011

A broad spectrum of amines can be prepared from either aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes and various functionalities are tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethanol as a New Alcohol Equivalent for Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Iodides.
Authors: Dibakar Mullick , Prakash Anjanappa , Selvakumar Kumaravel , Ruckmani Kandasamy , Sivakumar Manickam
Published: December 2011

Coupling of aryl iodides bearing various functionalities including sensitive ones with alcohol (II) and subsequent silane cleavage allows the synthesis of substituted phenols under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Phenylacetylene to Aldehydes Catalyzed by a D‐Glucosamine‐Derived Sulfonamide—Titanium Complex.
Authors: Bauer Tomasz , Smolinski Slawomir , Gawel Przemyslaw , Jurczak Janusz
Published: December 2011

The reaction can be carried out with aliphatic and aromatic substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydroformylation of Aniline Derivatives.
Authors: Joe Candice L. , Tan Kian L.
Published: December 2011

The outcome is dependent on the electronic nature of the aryl substituent.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐(Trifluoromethyl)vinyl Sulfonium Salts: Preparation and Reactions with Active Methylene and Methenyl Compounds.
Authors: Lin Hao , Shen Qilong , Lu Long
Published: December 2011

Starting from the salt (VIb), 1,2,3‐trisubstituted cyclopropanes are selectively formed.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III)‐Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Naphthylamines: Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigations.
Authors: Li Xin‐Le , Huang Jin‐Hua , Yang Lian‐Ming
Published: December 2011

In the presence of FeCl3, a number of 1‐ and 2‐naphthylamines undergoes facile dimerization to afford 1,1‐binaphthyl‐2,2‐diamines and 1,1‐binaphthyl‐4,4‐diamines.
ChemInform Abstract: An Indenone Synthesis Involving a New Aminotransfer Reaction and Its Application to Dibenzopentalene Synthesis.
Authors: Katsumoto Kenta , Kitamura Chitoshi , Kawase Takeshi
Published: December 2011

The three‐step procedure to synthesize indenone derivatives (III) tolerates several functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: New Branching Inhibitors and their Potential as Strigolactone Mimics in Rice.
Authors: Fukui Kosuke , Ito Shinsaku , Ueno Kotomi , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Kyozuka Junko , Asami Tadao
Published: December 2011

A one‐pot coupling reaction between brominated methylfuranone and phenols yields ethers like (III) possessing a common substructure with strigolactones.
ChemInform Abstract: Ir(III)‐Catalyzed Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Multisubstituted Benzofurans Initiated by C—H Activation of α‐Aryloxy Ketones.
Authors: Shibata Takanori , Hashimoto Yu‐ki , Otsuka Maiko , Tsuchikama Kyoji , Endo Kohei
Published: December 2011

Optimized conditions A) allow the preparation of various title compounds and only in the case of educts (Ia) and (Ib), additional formation of benzofuranols is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminofluorination of Activated Allenes.
Authors: Xu Tao , Mu Xin , Peng Haihui , Liu Guosheng
Published: December 2011

A novel protocol A) is developed for the title reaction to give 4‐fluoro‐2,5‐dihydropyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 37. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction of Oxindoles under High Pressure.
Authors: Mori Kaori , Yamauchi Tomoyuki , Maddaluno Jacques , Nakano Keiji , Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo
Published: December 2011

The method affords spirocyclic adducts bearing a dihydropyran moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Olefins and CO2 Catalyzed by a MoO2(acac)2‐Quaternary Ammonium Salt System.
Authors: Chen Fawang , Dong Tao , Xu Tiegang , Li Xiaofang , Hu Changwen
Published: December 2011

An efficient, simple, and cheap one‐pot process for the title synthesis is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Isothiazoles Through Cu Catalysis: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Allyl Cyanide to α,β‐Unsaturated Thioamides.
Authors: Yanagida Yuka , Yazaki Ryo , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: December 2011

The conjugate addition of allyl cyanide (II) to α,β‐unsaturated thioamides (I) is catalyzed by soft Lewis acid/hard Broensted base/hard Lewis base cooperation to give the adducts (III) or (VI), which undergo cyclization into isothiazoles such as (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Procedure‐Controlled Selective Synthesis of 5‐Acyl‐2‐iminothiazolines and Their Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives by Convergent Tandem Annulation.
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Wang Zitao , Xi Zhenfeng
Published: December 2011

A selective synthesis of 5‐acyl‐2‐iminothiazoles (IV) and their analogues (VI) is achieved via reaction of carbodiimides with carboxylic acid chlorides followed by treatment with lithiated chalcogenoalkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Unmodified Nano‐Powder Magnetite or Iron(III) Oxide Catalyze the Easy and Fast Synthesis of 4‐Substituted‐4H‐pyrans.
Authors: Cano Rafael , Ramon Diego J. , Yus Miguel
Published: December 2011

Mild conditions allow the preparation of various pyran derivatives with similar yields using either Fe3O4 or Fe2O3.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Construction of Spirocyclic Chromanone—Pyrrolidines via Cu(I)/TF—BiphamPhos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Liu Tang‐Lin , He Zhao‐Lin , Wang Chun‐Jiang
Published: December 2011

The catalytic system under investigation exhibits high reactivity, excellent diastereoselectivity, good enantioselectivity and a broad substrate scope under mild conditions allowing direct access to spirocyclic chromanones with a quaternary and three tertiary stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: An Oxidant‐Free Single‐Step Synthesis of Tetra‐ or Disubstituted Symmetrical Pyridine Derivatives by a Hf(OTf)4‐Catalyzed Annulation.
Authors: Sasada Toshiaki , Kobayashi Fuminori , Moriuchi Masato , Sakai Norio , Konakahara Takeo
Published: December 2011

An unprecedented annulation of enamines with triethyl orthoformate allows the preparation of tetrasubstituted pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Rearrangement of 2‐(N‐Alkyl‐N‐aryl)aminochromone‐3‐carbaldehyde to N‐Alkyl‐3‐salicyloyl‐2‐quinolone — An Antileishmanial Agent
Authors: Maiti Sourav , Mallick Suvadip , Panja Suman Kalyan , Pal Chiranjib , Bandyopadhyay Chandrakanta
Published: December 2011

Substrates of type (I) rearrange on heating in wet acetic acid to yield quinolones (II) (15 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Sulfonic Acid Group‐Functionalized Nano‐ and Microsilica Structures.
Authors: Torkian Laleh , Salehi Peyman , Dabiri Minoo , Kharrazi Sharmin
Published: December 2011

Sulfonic acid group‐functionalized silica nanospheres and microtubes are synthesized, which efficiently catalyze the synthesis of dihydropyrimidines (IV) via the Biginelli reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Synthesis of 2‐(4‐Benzoyl‐piperazin‐1‐ylmethyl)‐5,6‐dimethoxy‐3‐methyl‐ [1,4]benzoquinone.
Authors: Wang Jin , Yang Jian , Zhou Rong‐Guang , Yang Bo , Wu Yuan‐Shuang
Published: December 2011

The method described provides good yields of the heterocyclic coenzyme Q analogue (IV) and is suitable for the synthesis of related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Route to Synthesize Libraries of Quinoxalines via Petasis Methodology in Two Synthetic Operations.
Authors: Ayaz Muhammad , Dietrich Justin , Hulme Christopher
Published: December 2011

Optimized reaction conditions are developed for the microwave‐assisted reaction of phenylenediamines, glyoxaldehydes and boronic acids followed by a deprotection—cyclodehydration—oxidation sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Elaboration of Peptidomimetics Derived from a PADAM Approach: Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized 2(1H)‐Pyrazinones via an Unexpected Aromatization.
Authors: Basso Andrea , Banfi Luca , Guanti Giuseppe , Riva Renata , Tosatti Paolo
Published: December 2011

A three‐component Passerini reaction affords amides of type (IV) which are transformed to ketoamides (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 3‐Arylmethylidene‐3H‐furan‐2‐ones with 3‐Amino‐1,2,4‐triazole as a Convenient Technique to Synthesize Condensed Diazepinones.
Authors: Anis'kova T. V. , Chadina V. V. , Yegorova A. Y.
Published: December 2011

The outcome of the title reaction depends on both reagent ratios and reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Borylation of Sterically Demanding Aryl Halides with a Silica‐Supported Compact Phosphane Ligand.
Authors: Kawamorita Soichiro , Ohmiya Hirohisa , Iwai Tomohiro , Sawamura Masaya
Published: December 2011

Slightly modified conditions A)‐C) allow the borylation of sterically challenging aryl halides with bis(pinacolato)diborane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Arbuzov Reactions of Aryl Triflates with Triethyl Phosphite.
Authors: Yang Guoqiang , Shen Chaoren , Zhang Liang , Zhang Wanbin
Published: December 2011

KBr is used as highly efficient additive to produce the synthetically important phosphorus compounds in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzotriazole Reagents for the Syntheses of Fmoc‐, Boc‐, and Alloc‐Protected Amino Acids.
Authors: Ibrahim Tarek S. , Tala Srinivasa R. , El‐Feky Said A. , Abdel‐Samii Zakaria K. , Katritzky Alan R.
Published: December 2011

The process is highly efficient and can also be applied to OH‐unprotected amino acids serine and tyrosine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antioxidant Capacity of 5‐Selenopyranose Derivatives.
Authors: Storkey Corin , Davies Michael J. , White Jonathan M. , Schiesser Carl H.
Published: December 2011

A convenient method for the synthesis of sulfur and selenium containing derivatives of L‐gulodeoxynojirimycin and D‐mannodeoxynojirimycin is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of the Glycosidase Inhibitor 1,6‐Dideoxy‐6,6‐difluoronojirimycin (VII)
Authors: Csuk Rene , Prell Erik , Korb Claudia
Published: December 2011

[involving the difluorination reaction [→ (II)] and the reductive amination [→ (V)] as the key steps].
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma kwangsiensis and Their Inhibitory Activity on Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide‐Activated Macrophages.
Authors: Li Jun , Liao Chun‐Ru , Wei Jun‐Qi , Chen Li‐Xia , Zhao Feng , Qiu Feng
Published: December 2011

Eleven new diarylheptanoids (I)—(IV) are isolated from rhizomes of C.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Materials for Chemical Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Zhai Yunpu , Dou Yuqian , Zhao Dongyuan , Fulvio Pasquale F. , Mayes Richard T. , Dai Sheng
Published: December 2011

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highlights in Low‐Coordinate Group 14 Organometallic Chemistry
Authors: Layfield Richard A.
Published: December 2011

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Azetidine and Its Derivatives in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Yoda Hidemi , Takahashi Masaki , Sengoku Tetsuya
Published: December 2011

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Beyond Ugi and Passerini Reactions. Multicomponent Approaches Based on Isocyanides and Alkynes as an Efficient Tool for Diversity Oriented Synthesis
Authors: De Moliner Fabio , Banfi Luca , Riva Renata , Basso Andrea
Published: December 2011

Review: 164 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Halodiazoacetates as Useful Tools for Selective Halofunctionalization
Authors: Bonge Hanne Therese , Hansen Tore
Published: December 2011

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments on Bismuth(III) in Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation Chemistry
Authors: Sandhu Suresh , Sandhu Jagir S.
Published: December 2011

Review: 163 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: What′s New in Olefin Metathesis Catalyzed by Molybdenum and Tungsten Complexes?
Authors: Schrock Richard R.
Published: December 2011

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Specific Conjugate Addition to α,β‐Acetylenic Ketones
Authors: Sengee Myagmarsuren , Sydnes Leiv K.
Published: December 2011

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Broensted Acids in Enantioselective Carbonyl Activations — Activation Modes and Applications
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Kuenkel Alexander , Atodiresei Iuliana
Published: December 2011

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Deficient 1‐ and 2‐Azabuta‐1,3‐dienes: A Comprehensive Survey of Their Synthesis and Reactivity
Authors: Monbaliu Jean‐Christophe M. , Masschelein Kurt G. R. , Stevens Christian V.
Published: December 2011

Review: 190 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycosynthases in Biocatalysis.
Authors: Cobucci‐Ponzano Beatrice , Strazzulli Andrea , Rossi Mose , Moracci Marco
Published: December 2011

Review: ca. 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorothioate Nucleotides and Oligonucleotides — Recent Progress in Synthesis and Application
Authors: Guga Piotr , Koziolkiewicz Maria
Published: December 2011

Review: 217 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3,4‐Trisubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene “Click” Carbene Ligands: Synthesis, Catalysis and Self‐Assembly
Authors: Crowley James D. , Lee Ai‐Lan , Kilpin Kelly J.
Published: December 2011

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparations of Selenium‐Containing Heterocycles Based on an Intramolecular Cyclization of Selenols and Relatives
Authors: Sashida Haruki
Published: December 2011

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of 2,3‐Dihydroisoxazole Derivatives
Authors: Chukanov N. V. , Reznikov V. A.
Published: December 2011

Review: methods for the synthesis and transformations; 106 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Role for Ring‐Closing Metathesis in Medicinal Chemistry: Mimicking Secondary Architectures in Bioactive Peptides
Authors: Perez de Vega Maria Jesus , Garcia‐Aranda Maria Isabel , Gonzalez‐Muniz Rosario
Published: December 2011

Review: 141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coupling Chemical Modification and Immobilization to Improve the Catalytic Performance of Enzymes.
Authors: Rodrigues Rafael C. , Berenguer‐Murcia Angel , Fernandez‐Lafuente Roberto
Published: December 2011

Review: ca. 220 refs.
Hydroaminomethylation of Isoprene: Recycling of the Homogeneous Rhodium Catalyst in Aqueous Biphasic Systems
Authors: Behr Arno , Reyer Sebastian , Manz Vanessa
Published: December 2011

Die zweiphasige Hydroaminomethylierung des Isoprens mit Morpholin in Gegenwart eines wasserlöslichen homogenen Rhodiumkatalysators wurde erstmals untersucht. Ein starker Einfluss des pH‐Wertes auf die n/iso‐Selektivität der Reaktion konnte beobachtet werden. Neben der Parameteroptimierung lag ein besonderer Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit auf dem Katalysatorrecycling.
SPARC‐like 1 (SC1) is a diversely expressed and developmentally regulated matricellular protein that does not compensate for the absence of SPARC in the CNS
Authors: Lloyd‐Burton Samantha , Roskams A. Jane
Published: December 2011

SPARC‐like 1 (SC1) is a member of the SPARC family of matricellular proteins that has been implicated in the regulation of processes such as cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Here we show that SC1 exhibits remarkably diverse and dynamic expression in the developing and adult nervous system. During development, SC1 localizes to radial glia and pial‐derived structures, including the vasculature, choroid plexus, and pial membranes. SC1 is not downregulated in postnatal development, but its expression shifts to distinct time windows in subtypes of glia and neurons, including astrocytes, large projection neurons, Bergmann glia, Schwann cells, and ganglionic satellite cells. In addition, SC1 expression levels and patterns are not altered in the SPARC null mouse, suggesting that SC1 does not compensate for the absence of SPARC. We conclude that SC1 and SPARC may share significant homology, but are likely to have distinct but complementary roles in nervous system development. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2575–2590, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Immunohistochemical study of the distribution of calcium binding proteins in the brain of a chondrostean (Acipenser baeri)
Authors: Graña Patricia , Huesa Gema , Anadón Ramón , Yáñez Julián
Published: December 2011

Chondrosteans represent an ancient lineage in ray‐finned bony fishes and hence in jawed vertebrates. This immunohistochemical study in the brain of the Siberian sturgeon reports the neuronal distribution of three cytosolic calcium‐binding proteins: calbindin‐D28k (CB), calretinin (CR), and parvalbumin (PV). CB and CR are widely expressed in different neuron subsets distributed throughout the sturgeon brain. Studies using double immunofluorescence reveal a wide co‐distribution of CB and CR in the brain nuclei but scarce co‐localization at cellular level. In the forebrain, CR‐ and CB‐immunoreactive (ir) populations were observed in the olfactory bulbs, in pallial and subpallial telencephalic areas, and in some diencephalic nuclei. CR‐ir cells were also observed in the posterior tubercle and CB‐ir cells in the preglomerular complex. At midbrain and hindbrain basal levels, CB‐ir and CR‐ir cell bodies were mainly distributed in periventricular areas. In the cerebellum, CB and CR cells were co‐localized in some granular cell subsets in laterodorsal and dorsolateral regions, and in some Purkinje‐like cells. CB‐ir and CR‐ir fibers were mainly observed in the olfactory bulbs, hypothalamus, and habenula, and in fiber tracts that coursed in the optic tectum and through the mesencephalic and rhombencephalic basal areas. With regard to PV, the sturgeon brain showed a rather limited distribution of PV‐ir perikarya and fibers. Thus, CR, CB, and PV allowed the identification of subpopulations of neurons not distinguished on the basis of cytoarchitecture alone, which provided a better understanding of the anatomical organization of the sturgeon brain. These results reveal numerous shared features with teleosts, but also important differences. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2086–2122, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuronal clustering and fasciculation phenotype in Dscam‐ and Bax‐deficient mouse retinas
Authors: Keeley Patrick W. , Sliff Buranee J. , Lee Sammy C.S. , Fuerst Peter G. , Burgess Robert W. , Eglen Stephen J. , Reese Benjamin E.
Published: December 2011

Individual types of retinal neurons are distributed to minimize proximity to neighboring cells. Many of these same cell types extend dendrites to provide coverage of the retinal surface. These two cardinal features of retinal mosaics are disrupted, for certain cell types, in mice deficient for the Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, Dscam, exhibiting an aberrant clustering of somata and fasciculation of dendrites. The Dscam mutant mouse retina also exhibits excess numbers of these same cell types. The present study compared these two features in Dscam mutant retinas with the Bax knockout retina, in which excess numbers of two of these cell types, the melanopsin‐positive retinal ganglion cells (MRGCs) and the dopaminergic amacrine cells (DACs), are also present. Whole retinas were immunolabeled for both populations, and every labeled soma was plotted. For the MRGCs, we found a gene dosage effect for Dscam, with the Dscam+/− retinas showing smaller increases in cell number, clustering, and fasciculation. Curiously, Bax−/− retinas, showing numbers of MRGCs intermediate to those found in the Dscam−/− and Dscam+/− retinas, also had clustering and fasciculation phenotypes that were intermediate to retinas with those genotypes. DACs, by comparison, showed changes in both the Dscam−/− and the Bax−/− retinas that did not correlate with their increases in DAC number. The fasciculation phenotype in the Dscam−/− retina was particularly prominent despite only modest clustering. These results demonstrate that the somal clustering and fasciculation observed in the Dscam mutant retina are not unique to Dscam deficiency and are manifested distinctively by different retinal cell types. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:1349–1364, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermally oxidized zirconium nanostructured films grown on Si substrates
Authors: Larijani M. M. , Hasani E. , Fathollahi V. , Safa S.
Published: December 2011

Zirconium thin films grown on Si substrates by a planar magnetron sputtering system were thermally oxidized at oxygen ambient within 523‐823 K resulting in zirconium oxide films with various stoichiometries. XRD analysis of the ex situ oxidized films revealed the phases at different oxidation temperatures. To achieve a reasonable fit between the experimental and SIMNRA simulated RBS spectra of the prepared samples; it was required to introduce a SiO2buffer layer in the simulated target between Si substrate and ZrO2 film. The presence of this intermediate SiO2 layer was confirmed by observation of SiO2 phase in the XRD patterns of all the thermally oxidized samples. Using RBS analysis data, the effect of oxidation temperature on the stoichiometry of zirconium oxide films and thickness of ZrOxand SiO2 films were investigated. XRD patterns of thermally oxidized Zr films also revealed that crystallization of zirconium oxide films was initiated at about 673 K and was almost completed at 823 K. Diffusion of oxygen atoms through surface layer was investigated and the effective activation energy for oxygen mass transport was estimated to be 1.75 eV using RBS data and Arrhenius relation. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Process design for the shape control of crystals grown by Kyropoulos or SAPMAC method
Authors: Zhang Lunyong , Zuo Hongbo , Cao Fuyang , Xing Dawei , Sun Jianfei , Wang Xiaohong , Han Jiecai
Published: December 2011

A mathematical model has been proposed to design the process for growing a shaped crystals by Kyropoulos method or SAPMAC method. Crystal shape evolution behaviours under various processes were analysed. The results show that the crystal would go through a transitory shoulder‐expanding stage after which the crystal diameter rapidly decreases under a constant pulling rate and a constant heater temperature. Reducing pulling rate and heater temperature could depress the decrease of crystal diameter after the shoulder‐expanding stage so that enhance the length of crystal. However, the crystal diameter is more sensitive to pulling rate than to heater temperature, and an equal‐diameter crystal can not be grown in non‐undercooled melt by soley reducing the heater temperature. That means that adjusting the pulling rate is the most effective and convenient approach for controlling crystal diameter evolution and simultaneously decreasing both the pulling rate and the heater temperature is the optimal process for growing an equal‐diameter crystal. Moreover, a numerical approach for quantifactional designing crystal shape and corresponding growth processes was proposed according to the model, an example of crystal shape design was given out. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetocaloric effect in GdCu intermetallic compound
Authors: Oboz M. , Talik E. , Winiarski A.
Published: December 2011

A single crystal of GdCu of FeB‐type was grown by the Czochralski method from a levitating melt and characterized using X‐ray diffraction, dc ‐magnetization M(T) and ac ‐magnetic susceptibility (ac‐χ). From ac and dc magnetic susceptibility a transition to the antiferromagnetic state has been found below TN = 37 K. The paramagnetic Curie temperature θp and the effective magnetic moment μeffwere estimated assuming the Curie‐Weiss law in the 100 to 300 K range and were found to be θp = –37 K and μeff = 8.5 μB. The last value is enhanced relatively to the free ion value of 7.94 μB for Gd3+. The calculated entropy changes ΔSm for the examined compound amount to −1.22 J/K·kg, –0.6 J/K·kg and –0.09 J/K·kg at 7, 5 and 2 T respectively. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Homoepitaxial growth and photoluminescence of self‐assembled In‐doped ZnS nanowire bundles
Authors: Guo Taibo , Chen Yiqing , Liu Lizhu , Cheng Yinfen , Zhang Xinhua , Ma Baojiao , Wei Meiqin
Published: December 2011

Self‐assembled In (Indium)‐doped ZnS nanowire bundles were synthesized via a thermal evaporation method without using any template. Vapor ‐ solid homoepitaxial growth was found to be the key reason for the formation of close‐packed nanowire bundles grown on the surface of microscale sphere‐shaped ZnS crystal. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrate that the In‐doped ZnS nanowires have the cubic structure, and there are numerous stacking faults along the <111> direction. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum shows that the spectrum mainly includes two parts: a weak violet emission band centering at about 380 nm and a strong green emission band centering at about 510 nm. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural, thermal, mechanical and z‐scan studies on 4‐nitrophenol single crystals
Authors: Gandhimathi R. , Dhanasekaran R.
Published: December 2011

4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) single crystals have been grown by using slow evaporation and slow cooling techniques. A single crystal with size in the range of 7x3.4x1.8cm3 has been obtained by slow cooling method. The grown crystals have been subjected to various characterization studies. The powder XRD spectrum of 4‐NP reveals the good crystalline nature of the grown crystal. Single crystal XRD studies show that the crystal belongs to monoclinic system with cell parameters of a=6.09 Å, b=8.79 Å, c=11.61 Å, α=γ=90°, β=103.15°. The resultant FTIR spectrum confirms the various functional groups present in 4‐NP. Thermal analysis has been performed on the material to study the thermal stability of 4‐NP. The grown crystals belong to the category of soft materials as confirmed by Vickers Hardness tests. The optical transmiitance of 4‐NP single crystals has been measured from Vis‐IR spectroscopy study. The nonlinear optical properties have been analyzed by z‐scan technique and 4‐NP is found to be self defocusing because of its negative nonlinear refractive index. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Hydrothermal synthesis and formation of 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O whiskers via a new route
Authors: Liu Xin , Li Wu , Nai Xueying , Bian Shaoju , Meng Qingfen , Gao Dandan , Wei Ming
Published: December 2011

4ZnO·B2O3·H2O whiskers were prepared from 2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O under hydrothermal process at 160 °C for 10 h. The synthesized product was characterized by XRD, SEM, TG‐DSC and FT‐IR. SEM results showed that the synthesized 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O whiskers' length was about 3–10 μm and the diameter was 0.2–0.3 μm. Further study on the whiskers' growth process and mechanism showed that the formation of the whiskers went through three stages and the morphology of 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O changed from irregular particles to rod‐like structures and finally to whiskers. The variation of the morphology of the 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O whisker with the concentration of the starting material was investigated. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling of Silicon CVD into Agglomerates of Sub‐micrometer‐size Particles in a Fluidized Bed
Authors: Reuge Nicolas , Caussat Brigitte
Published: December 2011

The aim of the present study is to better understand the mechanisms involved during silicon deposition from silane, SiH4, into agglomerates of sub‐micrometer‐size particles treated by fluidized bed (FB)CVD. Two models of silicon deposition into agglomerates assumed either stable, or in permanent formation/desegregation, are developed. In the first case, classical equations of diffusion/reaction in a porous medium are solved, whereas in the second case, the multifluid Eulerian code, MFIX, is used. By comparison with experimental energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) data, modeling results show that the limiting step is not gaseous diffusion into the agglomerates. Very high local deposition rates near the silane entrance probably explain their formation. These results allow us to propose original deposition conditions involving much lower local deposition rates, which should limit agglomeration due to CVD.
Rational therapy for diabetes: early recognition of adverse effects and avoidance of disruptive false alarms
Authors: Raz Itamar , Eldor Roy
Published: December 2011

Corresponding to the uncontrolled diabetes pandemic, significant effort has been invested in developing new therapeutic options. Nevertheless, all medicines have possible adverse effects. Recently, a trend of ‘scrutinizing’ novel hypoglycaemic drug side effects based on scant scientific data has emerged. With recent publications highlighting possible dangers of rosiglitazone, insulin glargine, sitagliptin, exenatide and, most recently, pioglitazone, it seems that all means are valid and that every database is suitable, even if specifically defined as inadequate for the purpose of data analysis. The use of such data may lead authors to draw erroneous conclusions that may be granted unwarranted impact upon publication in leading scientific journals and eventually lead patients and misinformed physicians to wrongly change beneficial medication regimes. Adherence to strict scientific methodology, ongoing large clinical trials and creating adjudicated patient databases may facilitate early recognition of adverse effects while avoiding disruptive false alarms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Building an ommatidium one cell at a time
Authors: Kumar Justin P.
Published: December 2011

Since the discovery of a single white‐eyed male in a population of red eyed flies over 100 years ago (Morgan, 1910), the compound eye of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been a favorite experimental system for identifying genes that regulate various aspects of development. For example, a fair amount of what we know today about enzymatic pathways and vesicular transport is due to the discovery and subsequent characterization of eye color mutants such as white. Likewise, our present day understanding of organogenesis has been aided considerably by studies of mutations, such as eyeless, that either reduce or eliminate the compound eyes. But by far the phenotype that has provided levers into the greatest number of experimental fields has been the humble “rough” eye. The fly eye is composed of several hundred unit‐eyes that are also called ommatidia. These unit eyes are packed into a hexagonal array of remarkable precision. The structure of the eye is so precise that it has been compared with that of a crystal (Ready et al., 1976). Even the slightest perturbations to the structure of the ommatidium can be visually detected by light or electron microscopy. The cause for this is two‐fold: (1) any defect that affects the hexagonal geometry of a single ommatidium can and will disrupt the positioning of surrounding unit eyes thereby propagating structural flaws and (2) disruptions in genes that govern the development of even a single cell within an ommatidium will affect all unit eyes. In both cases, the effect is the visual magnification of even the smallest imperfection. Studies of rough eye mutants have provided key insights into the areas of cell fate specification, lateral inhibition, signal transduction, transcription factor networks, planar cell polarity, cell proliferation, and programmed cell death just to name a few. This review will attempt to summarize the key steps that are required to assemble each ommatidium. Developmental Dynamics 241:136–149, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Notch pathway regulation of neural crest cell development in vivo
Authors: Mead Timothy J. , Yutzey Katherine E.
Published: December 2011

Background: The function of Notch signaling in murine neural crest–derived cell lineages in vivo was examined. Results: Conditional gain (Wnt1Cre;RosaNotch) or loss (Wnt1Cre;RBP‐Jf/f) of Notch signaling in neural crest cells (NCCs) in vivo results in craniofacial, cardiac, and trunk abnormalities. Severe craniofacial malformations are apparent in Wnt1Cre;RosaNotch embryos, while less severe skull abnormalities are evident in Wnt1Cre;RBP‐Jf/f mice. Deficient cardiac neural crest migration, resulting in cardiac outflow tract malformations, occurs with increased or decreased Notch signaling in NCCs. Smooth muscle cell differentiation also is impaired in pharyngeal NCC derivatives in both Wnt1Cre;RosaNotch and Wnt1Cre;RBP‐Jf/f embryos. Neurogenesis is absent and gliogenesis is increased in the dorsal root ganglia of Wnt1Cre;RosaNotch embryos, while neurogenesis is increased and gliogenesis is decreased in Wnt1Cre;RBP‐Jf/f embryos. Conclusions: Together, these studies demonstrate essential cell‐autonomous roles for appropriate levels of Notch signaling during NCC migration, proliferation, and differentiation with critical implications in craniofacial, cardiac, and neurogenic development and disease. Developmental Dynamics 241:376–389, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.