ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL PROBLEMS OF BANK LENDING TO AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Poliatykina Larysa , Samoshkina Iryna , Borisova Victoria 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the problems of implementing the credit mechanism in the agrarian sector, the rationale for the need to increase the amount of lending to the agro-industrial complex and the analysis of existing studies of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. The issue of solving the problems of lending to the agro-industrial sector in the modern scientific literature is not addressed enough. In light of this, the above-mentioned issues require further comprehensive research in order to identify effective ways to solve the existing problems. Problem statement. The task of the research is to: study the current state of bank lending in the country, analyze the state of accounting and financial support for lending to agro-industrial enterprises and determine the prospects for the development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine; analyze the shortcomings and formulate the main trends of these enterprises. As a result of the research to investigate the accounting and financial problems of lending to agricultural enterprises, to highlight in detail their main problems and features. Methodology. The analysis of the activities of agricultural enterprises and the peculiarities of its management. The issues of formation and functioning of farms, as well as document management and business administration in these farms are debatable. Results. According to the research, accounting and financial problems and possible prospects for lending in the agricultural sector of Ukraine were analyzed. As a result of the study, we have analyzed the state, problems and possible prospects of lending in the agrarian sphere of Ukraine. The features of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, the state and trends of development, as well as the modern conditions of bank lending to agricultural enterprises are analyzed. The need for the state support in providing this industry with affordable long-term lending resources and the introduction of preferential credit mechanisms for agricultural commodity producers is determined. Practical implications. Peculiarities of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, their state and development tendencies are analyzed, as well as modern conditions of bank crediting of agrarian enterprises. They develop the real economy, expand employment opportunities and promote competition. The necessity of intensifying the development of agro-industrial enterprises, which is an important task of the state, has been proved. The solution of accounting and financial problems of bank lending to agro-industrial enterprises in Ukraine should be based on the introduction of European experience, which will contribute to the creation of a modern market economy with social justice. Lending to agricultural enterprises by commercial banks is currently quite complicated, and sometimes even impossible. The reasons are low profitability, return on capital employed and liquidity of the property. At present, farmers are considering alternative options for the replenishment of working capital. Therefore, the avalisation of bills and agrarian receipts may be used as an alternative to bank lending to meet the needs for the crop protection agents, fertilizers and planting material. These methods make it possible to obtain a delay in payment for the acquired resources or financial resources for the acquisition of working capital in the provision of agricultural enterprises with future harvest. The formation of strategic directions of creditor activity of banking institutions of Ukraine is considered on the example of activity of JSB "UKRGASBANK". The article pays attention to the issues of credit insurance in order to protect the interests of banking institutions and improve the formation of directions for solving the problems of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. Value/originality. The need for state support in providing agricultural enterprises with affordable long-term loans and the introduction of mechanisms for targeted lending to agricultural producers, which is possible only through a balanced government policy of comprehensive support for this sector of the economy. The directions of the decision of problems of bank crediting of the agricultural enterprises are offered. The improvement of legislation on the agrarian policy, the regulation of lending operations, the rational distribution of funds, their effective use and timely repayment of debt, and the corresponding policy of the state could remedy the situation.