bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Which LDL Value Should Clinicians Look at?
Authors: Malve Harshad , Asalkar Amit
Published: May 2021

Objectives LDL cholesterol is routinely estimated by the Friedewald formula to guide the treatment of dyslipidemia. However, Friedewald equation has certain limitations, especially with high triglyceride levels. Direct methods are available for LDL estimation but have received relatively little scrutiny in the Indian setting. This study was aimed at comparing the calculative and direct methods of LDL estimation in Indian hyperlipidemic patients.

Materials and Methods In this observational study, data from 380 consecutive lipid profiles of patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai were analyzed retrospectively. CHOD PAP method was used to estimate total cholesterol. Enzymatic colorimetric method was used to estimate triglycerides. Enzyme selective protection method was used to estimate HDL. Direct LDL was estimated by homogenous enzymatic colorimetric assay and very low-density lipoprotein was calculated, whereas Friedewald’s formula was used to derive calculated LDL.

Results Total cholesterol values correlated positively with the LDL values measured by both methods. However, a statistically significant difference was noted between the correlation coefficients of both the methods. Triglyceride values correlated weakly with the LDL levels measured by both the methods. A weak negative correlation was observed with LDL by the calculated method, whereas a weak positive correlation existed between TG and LDL by the direct method. The difference between the correlation coefficients was statistically significant.

Conclusion Both direct and calculated methods of LDL estimation have their limitations. A robust study with a larger sample size is needed to further investigate whether the differences in the different LDL estimation methods can translate to “clinical relevance” in the Indian setting.
On the noise reduction of a porous trailing edge applied to an airfoil at lifting condition
Authors: Teruna Christopher , Avallone Francesco , Ragni Daniele , Casalino Damiano
Published: May 2021

Numerical simulations, using a lattice-Boltzmann technique, have been carried out to study the effect of aerodynamic loading and Reynolds number on the aeroacoustics of a porous trailing-edge insert. The airfoil is a National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 0018 with the last 20% of its chord being replaceable with porous insert based on a Ni-Cr-Al metal foam with a mean pore diameter of 0.8 mm. The porous insert is modeled as an equivalent fluid region governed by the Darcy's law. The angle-of-attack is set to 7.8°, and the freestream Reynolds numbers based on the airfoil chord are 2.7 × 105 and 5.4 × 105. The amount of noise reduction produced by the porous insert generally decreases as the angle-of-attack or Reynolds number is increased, although the far-field noise directivity remains similar to that of the solid insert case. Unlike for a solid insert, in which noise sources are concentrated at the trailing edge, those on the porous insert are distributed across the porous medium surface, and they promote phase interference effect that causes noise attenuation. This mechanism is realized by the pressure release process, which refers to the interaction between surface pressure fluctuations on both sides of the trailing edge through the porous medium. It is found that the pressure release process is strongly present at the last 25% of the porous insert extent, and thus the upstream segment plays a relatively limited role in noise attenuation. The porous insert also causes velocity deficit, enhanced Reynolds shear stress, and lower convection velocity in the turbulent boundary layer. Nevertheless, since only the flow field surrounding the porous insert is affected, the overall aerodynamic penalty is relatively minor. It has also been found that the effect of mean cross-flow inside the porous medium is almost negligible in the present investigation due to the small surface pressure difference between the two sides of the porous insert.
An interpretable framework of data-driven turbulence modeling using deep neural networks
Authors: Jiang Chao , Vinuesa Ricardo , Chen Ruilin , Mi Junyi , Laima Shujin , Li Hui
Published: May 2021

Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations represent a cost-effective option for practical engineering applications, but are facing ever-growing demands for more accurate turbulence models. Recently, emerging machine learning techniques have had a promising impact on turbulence modeling, but are still in their infancy regarding widespread industrial adoption. Toward their extensive uptake, this paper presents a universally interpretable machine learning (UIML) framework for turbulence modeling, which consists of two parallel machine learning-based modules to directly infer the structural and parametric representations of turbulence physics, respectively. At each phase of model development, data reflecting the evolution dynamics of turbulence and domain knowledge representing prior physical considerations are converted into modeling knowledge. The data- and knowledge-driven UIML is investigated with a deep residual network. The following three aspects are demonstrated in detail: (i) a compact input feature parameterizing a new turbulent timescale is introduced to prevent nonunique mappings between conventional input arguments and output Reynolds stress; (ii) a realizability limiter is developed to overcome the under-constrained state of modeled stress; and (iii) fairness and noise-insensitivity constraints are included in the training procedure. Consequently, an invariant, realizable, unbiased, and robust data-driven turbulence model is achieved. The influences of the training dataset size, activation function, and network hyperparameter on the performance are also investigated. The resulting model exhibits good generalization across two- and three-dimensional flows, and captures the effects of the Reynolds number and aspect ratio. Finally, the underlying rationale behind prediction is explored.
Implications of elevated threonine plasma concentrations in the development of reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens
Authors: Macelline Shemil P. , Chrystal Peter V. , Liu Sonia Yun , Selle Peter H.
Published: May 2021

There is a real quest to develop reduced-crude protein diets to facilitate sustainable chicken-meat production. However, pronounced elevations in threonine plasma concentrations in systemic plasma have consistently been observed pursuant to crude protein reductions in diets for broiler chickens. The aim of the present Perspective was to consider the genesis and consequences of these elevated threonine concentrations. A series of five reduced-crude protein feeding studies with maize-based diets completed on the Camden Campus of Sydney University was the basis of the present Perspective. Collectively, an average reduction in dietary crude protein from 212 to 167 g/kg generated a mean increase of 64.8% (867 versus 526 μmol/L) in threonine plasma concentrations. This was attributed to the downregulation of hepatic threonine dehydrogenase activity, which catalyses threonine to acetyl-CoA and glycine and a mechanism for this inhibition is proposed. Tangible reductions in dietary crude protein usually impair feed conversion efficiency and increase fat deposition. Threonine plasma concentrations are elevated by these reductions and the likelihood is that threonine concentrations may be an indicative biomarker of the precision with which efficient reduced-CP broiler diets are formulated and, if so, would facilitate their successful development.
Creating a soil parent material map digitally using a combination of interpretation and statistical techniques
Authors: Jang Ho Jun , Dobarco Mercedes Roman , Minasny Budiman , McBratney Alex
Published: May 2021

In this study, a map of soil parent material is created to support the delineation of soil properties and classes of the Narrabri Shire, NSW. Currently, available information in this study area is geological and lithological maps at a scale of 1:250 000 to 1:1 000 000. These maps are not detailed, and the description in some areas is not accurate. Thus, this study created a new parent material map using information from the geological and lithology information, barest earth satellite imagery, gamma radiometric, topography, prior soil map and digital soil texture maps (clay and sand content). Based on interpretation and parent material observations, 18 parent material classes were delineated in the area. The 18 classes were then modelled using Linear Discriminant Analysis using Digital Elevation Model, slope, topographic wetness index, Gamma potassium (K) and thorium (Th), Ratio K to Th and soil visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance (created using RGB and NIR bands) as covariates. This modelling process was iterated 50 times, and the most frequently predicted class was assigned to each of the 90 m × 90 m pixels throughout the study area. A map of the frequency of the predicted classes was also created to assess modelling uncertainty. The new parent material map consists of sedimentary residuals (sandstone), volcanic materials (basalt), alluvium and colluvium. The alluvium can be distinguished into six classes according to slope, soil information from satellite images and soil texture. The colluvium consists of three classes with a characteristic of high clay content (smectitic) and brown in colour (kaolinitic). Using similar approaches, such soil parent material or substrate maps could be developed for different regions in Australia. This method generated unique soil parent material classes combining stratigraphy, lithology and geomorphology.
Theoretical studies of the THz compression of low-to-medium energy electron pulses and the single-shot stamping of electron–THz timing jitter
Authors: Qi Yingpeng , Yang Lele , Yue Luye , Li Jingjun , Wang Xuan , Sun Zhenrong , Cao Jianming
Published: May 2021

The recent development of optical control of electron pulses brings new opportunities and methodologies in the fields of light–electron interaction and ultrafast electron diffraction (UED)/microscopy. Here, by a comprehensive theoretical study, we present a scheme to compress the longitudinal duration of low (⩽1 keV) to medium energy (1–70 keV) electron pulses by the electric field of a THz wave, together with a novel shot-by-shot jitter correction approach by using the magnetic field from the same wave. Our theoretical simulations suggest the compression of the electron pulse duration to a few femtoseconds and even sub-femtosecond. A comprehensive analysis based on typical UED patterns indicates a sub-femtosecond precision of the jitter correction approach. We stress that the energy independence of Coulomb interaction in the compression and the compact structure of THz device lay the foundation of the compression of low energy electron pulses. The combination of the THz compression of the electron pulse and the electron–THz jitter correction opens a way to improve the overall temporal resolution to attosecond for ultrafast electron probes with low to medium energies and high charge number per pulse, and therefore, it will boost the ultrafast detection of transient structural dynamics in surface science and atomically thin film systems.
Effect of Foliar Spraying with Ascorbic Acid and Dry Yeast Extract on Some Vegetative Growth Traits and Chemical Content of Bitter Almond (Prunus Amygdalus Var. Amara) Seedlings
Authors: Al-Douri E. F. S. , Basheer R. A.
Published: May 2021

Bitter almond seedlings are an important rootstock of sweet almond and other stone fruit species. The suitable stem diameter of rootstock for budding and grafting is the aim of nurseries. Thus, the seedlings are treated with nutrients, hormones and organic materials to enhance the vegetative growth and produce healthy and typical rootstocks. In this study, the emerged bitter almond seedlings were sprayed with three concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) (150, 300 and 450 mg. L−1), two concentration of dry yeast extract (DY) (4 and 8 g. L−1) and their interactions, as well as the control treatment (Tap water). The treatments were applied three times throughout the 2017 growing season. The results showed that the ascorbic acid spraying especially 300 mg.L−1 significantly increased leaf area, total leaves area per plant, seedling height, stem diameter, branches length and leaves’ content of phosphorus and ascorbic acid. Meanwhile the effect of dry yeast extract treatments when separately sprayed were less than expected, but the interaction treatments affected positively on some studied measurements. The foliar spray with 150 mg.L−1 AsA + 4.0 g.L−1 DY gave the highest values of stem diameter, branch length and carbohydrate concentration in leaves of bitter almond seedlings. Finally, the foliar spray with 300 mg. L−1 AsA alone or 150 mg.L−1 AsA + 4.0 g.L−1 DY are the recommended to obtain rootstocks of suitable diameter to budding or grafting during one growing season.
Estimation of Combining Ability and Gene Action for Yield and Yield Components in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Fayyad H. F. , Hammadi H. J.
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was carried out in one of the farms in the AL- Sufi area of Anbar Governorate. Six Inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) (Pio-36, Sy-52, Am-63, Zm-69, ART-B17, NAdh-26) were used in this study. These lines were introduced into program Half dillael in the spring season 2019 15 hybrids were obtained. These crosses and their parents were in the full season using a randomized complete block design with three replications in the autumn season, to analyze the general and specific combining ability and estimate their effects, hybridization and some genetic parameters. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were high significant differences between the genotypes (parents + hybrids) for all the studied traits, and the (Pio-36) was the best in plant height and leaf area as it reached 163.67 cm and 536.3 cm 2 respectively. In the ear diameter, the (ART-B17) was the highest and it reached 5.49cm, and in the Weight 300 grains (NAdh-26) was the highest, and it reached 78.33g, while the yield plant high value with line (Pio-36) was 203 g. In hybrids, the hybrid 3x5 gave the highest average for the number of grains per row, and it was 36.4 grains per row, and at 300 grains, the Add this word (hybrid 4x5) gave the highest hybrids and it reached 84.67 g, and the 4x5 hybrid gave the highest individual plant yield, as it reached 285.2 g. plant−1. The of heritability in the narrow sense was low in all the studied traits, and the value of the average degree of dominance was greater than one in all the studied traits, which indicates the importance of the effect of the over dominance of genes. It is concluded from the study the possibility of using some superior Inbred lines in their speculations to derive individual hybrids.
Estimation of Heterosis and Combining Ability for Yield, Yield Component Using Line × Tester Methods in Maize (Zea Mays L.)
Authors: Abdulazeez Sebar D. , Kakarash Sakar A. , Ismael Namam B.
Published: May 2021

This study was initiated with the objective of estimating heterosis, combing ability of selected conventional maize genotypes, comparison between hybrids, parents, and testers. Ten maize genotypes were selected (three testers and seven lines). The crosses were done in a Line × Tester mating design to produce 21 F1 single spring hybrids during 2018. The experiment was conducted. At fall season 2019; thirty-one genotypes (21 crosses + 3 tester + 7 lines) were sown in Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with three replications at Gerdarash research station/College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University, Erbil. The analysis of variance confirmed that the mean squares due to genotypes were highly significant for all studied characters, the tester parent (Talar) showed maximum value for tasseling number, while the parent Mst4279 recorded the maximum value for no. of days to 50% tasseling and silking and no. of ears/plant. The hybrid 232Dss × Talar showed maximum positive heterosis for plant height and ear length. The general combining ability variance was higher than specific combining ability for the plant height, ear height, 300 grain weight (g) and tassel branch number. These characters were identified to be under the control of additive-gene. Generally, the superior maize F1 hybrid L1×T2 is recommended to be taken to large-scale multilocational trials prior to commercial cultivation in Kurdistan region.
Detection of Tetracycline tet(k) Gene in Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates
Authors: Aziz K. E. , Abdulrahman Z. F. A.
Published: May 2021

This paper concerned with the identification of S .aureus and detection of tet (k) gene using PCR technique .A total of fifty samples were collected from different clinical sources: 20 from burns, (10) surgical wounds, (10) dental carries, and (10) urine samples from patients who were admitted to West Erbil Emergency and Rizgary teaching Hospitals during 1 October to 17december 2020. Isolates were identified using conventional method and confirmed by VITEK2 compact system. Twenty out of Fifty isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. Disk diffusion method was done for antibiotic resistance, all S. aureus isolates were showed resistance to antibiotic in different percentage: 100% for AMC, AP, AX, and PG, 90% for ME, 65% for CAZ, 65% for TM, 60% for T, 60% for E, 50% for CRO, 45% for CTX, and S, 45% for L, 40% for RA, 40% for DA, 35% for CIP, 35% for C%15, for KF and 10% for GM while all isolates were sensitive to vancomycin . PCR technique results of partial fragments of tet (K) gene using 360bp primer were shown that 7 (35%) of isolates were tetk positive, while 13 (65%) of the isolates were tetk negative.
Estimation of Technical Efficiency (TE) for Watermelon Crop in Karma District Using Stochastic Frontier Approach
Authors: Hamza M A , Mahmood Q N
Published: May 2021

Agricultural production, in both parts of the plant and animal, is the main nerve of the national economy, as the economics of plant production is an important tributary to achieving the economic surplus that the world seeks, regardless of the different systems and inputs to achieve economic growth. Targeting the research: Estimating Technical Efficiency for Watermelon in Anbar province, Karma district, the random sample consisting of (67) farmers of the study population of 381 farmers for the productive year 2020, the results of estimating technical efficiency using the method of random boundaries analysis and using the trans-logarithmic function (Trans Loge), The average efficiency is about 81%, so it is required that these farms use only 81% or less of the inputs to produce the same quantity or more of the cereal crop in order to be described as technically efficient. It gave a modest estimate for the intercept part B0, as it reached a value of 8.95 it is less than the estimated values according to the corrected least squares method (COLS) and the method of Maximum Likelihood (ML), as it reached 9.12, 9.24. The estimations of the function parameters by the OLS showed a positive relationship between the quantity of the crop produced and the inputs (Seeds, pesticides, size of holding) while the relationship was negative with inputs (labor, fertilizer).
Research on Flood Disaster Simulation of Hongqi River Basin Based on HEC-RAS
Authors: Sun Mengmeng , Quan Hechun , Lin Zhehao
Published: May 2021

At present, flood disasters are one of the main natural disasters in the world, and the research on flood disasters in current geography is also a research hotspot in recent years. Floods pose a serious threat to people’s lives and properties such as farmland and urban areas. Research on flood simulation can help reduce such losses to a certain extent. This paper takes the Hongqi River Basin in the upper reaches of the Tumen River as the research area, applies the Terrain Digital Elevation Model (DEM), uses the HEC-RAS model, and combines the HEC-GeoRAS module under the ArcGIS platform to build on the Tumen River as the terrain is more complicated. The hydrodynamic simulation of flood water flow when flood disaster occurs in the river basin, the rough visual analysis of the flood situation in the Hongqi River Basin, and the comparison and analysis with the measured data, will be used for future flood control early warning, disaster assessment, and Project site selection and other work provide reference data. The simulation analysis shows that HEC-RAS has a good simulation effect in this area and can provide decision support for flood prevention and control.
Sensitivity Analysis of Factors Affecting down Deflection of Long-span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Ma Yurong , Chen Haibo , Han Qianwen
Published: May 2021

In order to deeply analyze the factors affecting the excessive mid-span deflection of the long-span continuous rigid frame bridge in service, this paper uses the Shaanxi A Bridge as the supporting project and uses the finite element analysis software Midas Civil to establish the bridge model. Put forward the factors that may affect the deflection, adopt a sensitivity analysis method that controls the value of a single factor while other factors remain unchanged, and repeatedly adjust the model parameters to obtain the deflection calculation results. According to the results, determine whether the factor is the main influencing factor of deflection. The research results show that structural stiffness, prestress loss, environmental temperature, and concrete shrinkage and creep are the main factors affecting the deflection of rigid frame bridges. The degree and direction of their influence on deflection are different. The research results can provide reference and guidance for actual engineering.
Analysis of Cement Sheath Stress in Horizontal Well Fracturing
Authors: Zhu Jianjun , Zhang Jingfu , Shen Baoming , Pan Rongshan , Li Yan , Zhao Yingnan
Published: May 2021

The research of cement sheath stress in horizontal well fracturing plays an important role in horizontal well fracturing analysis, and is also related to the work of horizontal wells to a certain extent. The core work of the shaft is also affected by its cement sheath, so we should pay attention to the actual control of the cement sheath pressure in the actual work process to ensure that the cement sheath analysis is more effective. In this paper, the stress distribution model of casing-cement sheath-formation system is established. Through the model analysis, the whole stress analysis is completed, which is of great significance to the subsequent wellbore integrity control.
Simulation and Experimental Research on Transverse Random Vibration of Typical Valve for Launch Vehicle
Authors: Song Jing , Guo Zhen , Xia Chao , Zhao Jiamin , Gao Hanjun
Published: May 2021

In order to effectively suppress the transverse random vibration of a class of irregular shape and structure valve for launch vehicle in the ground test, adopting the method of combining finite element simulation and experiment, the influence of different structure tools on the transverse vibration of the valve is investigated. Moreover, the impact of arrangement position of valve and semi-circular tool assembly on transverse vibration of valve is studied. Based on the analysis of the influence of tooling of different structures on the transverse random vibration of the valve, it is proposed that semi-circular fixture can effectively reduce the transverse vibration for this kind of valve. Furthermore, when placed in the center of vibration table or near the vibration source, can decrease transverse vibration of the valve remarkably.
Exploration and practice of stress-strain evolution law of hydraulic fracturing in coal mine
Authors: Hao Cao , Ying Zhu , Jintao Zhang
Published: May 2021

In order to explore the evolution law of stress and strain in the process of hydraulic fracturing, a hollow inclusions stress-strain gauge was used for monitoring. The results show that the influence range of high-pressure water spreads to the monitoring borehole at 47m after 2 hours of hydraulic fracturing, and its influence on the stress-strain monitoring point reaches the maximum, and the strain tends to be stable in the later stage. After 6 days of hydraulic fracturing, the strain returns to a stable state without any change, but it is still larger than the state before hydraulic fracturing. During hydraulic fracturing, the increment of principal stress increases, but the amplitude is different. Hydraulic fracturing mainly affects the increment of vertical stress, which is related to the stress-strain monitoring point and the space location of the hydraulic fracturing borehole. After hydraulic fracturing, the stress increment decreases gradually and tends to return to the original stable state due to the gradual pressure relief of fracturing fluid, but it is still larger than the state without hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing has little effect on the azimuth and dip angle of coal and rock mass. The stress-strain law can provide reference for the exploration of the coal seam permeability increasing mechanism of hydraulic fracturing.
Study on Drainage Technology of Hydraulic Fracturing plus Aggregate Anti-reflection
Authors: Yu Yan , Ma Lei
Published: May 2021

For hydraulic fracturing in the deep geological conditions, crack closure, the present situation of the extraction effect is poor, developed including mixed bone bunker and together with bin, hydraulic fracturing and aggregate equipment, formed the construction technological process, in a typical low permeability coal seam pan three mine of huainan mining area for the practical application, has made significant technical effect: after fracturing of coal seam permeability coefficient increased by 13.31 times, anti-reflection regional standard extraction time is not anti-reflection reduce 26d.
Study on Secondary Grouting Slurry of Closed Cell Perlite for Shield
Authors: Wen Yongxiang , Shang Ningning , Cui Cancan , Kang Shaowei , Zhou Wei , Han Zhongzhi , Guo Xiaojun
Published: May 2021

With high belite cement, sulphoaluminate cement and portland cement cement as cementing materials, closed pore perlite as aggregate and anti-washout admixtures of underwater concrete as additive, the secondary grouting slurry test of expanded perlite suitable for shield grouting was carried out. The test results show that the setting time of secondary grouting slurry of expanded perlite prepared by high belite cement is moderate, which is suitable for secondary grouting slurry preparation; the initial fluidity of slurry prepared by expanded perlite with higher bulk density and the same ratio of cementitious material to aggregate is better, and the fluidity loss is lower; when the ratio of cementitious material to aggregate is between 5:2 And 5:3, the secondary grouting slurry of expanded perlite has better secondary filling effect.
Research on the Application of Environmentally Friendly Packaging Materials in the Sustainable Development of Logistics
Authors: Wang Yingchun , Wang Yuming
Published: May 2021

With the quickening of environmental pollution control in China, the concrete measures of “plastic limit” and “plastic ban” were put forward one after another. At the same time, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste will be formally revised and implemented in September 2020. This fully demonstrates the importance we attach to ecological protection and sustainable development of the environment and our determination to control environmental pollution. At present, with the popularization of e-commerce, the fragmentation of consumption, the penetration of online shopping in rural areas is getting bigger and bigger, and the express delivery industry is showing explosive growth. Especially under the epidemic, consumers’ consumption behaviors and consumption patterns have changed greatly. Network consumption behavior increased significantly, carton, plastic bags and other packaging products demand increased significantly. It consumes a lot of resources, such as paper and plastic products, and also produces a lot of packaging waste. Through the analysis and comparison of several disposable plastic packaging materials in green logistics, the importance of green packaging in green logistics is discussed, which has a strong inspiration for environmental protection and the development of green logistics.
Study on rural domestic sewage treatment scheme
Authors: Wang Tianxiang
Published: May 2021

Under the background of building a beautiful China, rural domestic sewage treatment has attracted much attention. At present, the backward status of rural domestic sewage treatment has become an important factor hindering the sustainable development of agriculture, destroying the rural ecological environment and threatening the health of the masses. In order to promote the construction of ecological civilization, rural domestic sewage treatment needs to be improved. Based on the current situation of rural domestic sewage in China, aiming at the prominent problems existing in the sewage treatment process, this paper explores the treatment scheme, hoping to provide some theoretical support for the related work.
Vulnerability Assessment and Empirical Study of Urban Drainage Network Based on Coupling Analysis
Authors: Yan Chaohua , Chen Weike , Ding Yu
Published: May 2021

The implementation of vulnerability assessment of urban drainage network is of great significance to improve the efficiency of urban waterlogging control. Based on the coupling perspective, the vulnerability assessment index system of urban drainage network is constructed from three dimensions of “exposure-sensitivity-adaptability”. Taking Tianjin as an example, the vulnerability of urban drainage network is empirically analyzed. The results show that reducing the exposure index and improving the sensitivity index and strain capacity of urban drainage network can effectively reduce the vulnerability of urban drainage network; According to the vulnerability of urban drainage networks, targeted prevention and control measures are taken.
Analysis of Environmental Impact Assessment Indexes of Oil and Gas Resources
Authors: Zhang Xingyuan
Published: May 2021

Environmental impact assessment is one of the important tasks that oil companies need to complete in the exploration and development of oil and gas resources. In order to explore the related issues of the environmental impact assessment of oil and gas resources exploration, based on the analytic hierarchy process, the index weights of the environmental impact of oil and gas resources exploration and development are determined, and triangular fuzzy is used. Calculate the environmental impact index value of onshore oil and gas resource exploration and development with the number of language variables, and finally conduct an evaluation analysis through a comprehensive evaluation model, which is conducive to identifying and evaluating the environmental impact of oil and gas resources.
Research on the Status Quo and Optimization Strategy of Indoor Air Quality in Gyms
Authors: Gu Wei , Dong Shihou , Zhang JianYu
Published: May 2021

In order to study the status quo and optimization strategy of indoor air quality in gyms, this paper adopts literature method, expert investigation method, measurement and evaluation method, mathematical statistics method and other methods, and comprehensively uses environmental detection technology to test environmental parameters such as CO2 content, particulate matter and formaldehyde. The research shows that: CO2 concentration, pm10 as the extension of time to change, change of 5 gym indexes were no significant differences (p > 0.05), carbon dioxide concentrations with increased with the extension of the gym business hours, spinning room, three oxygen gym, running room space, carbon dioxide concentrations after using spinning room is 3 times more than before use; Indoor formaldehyde, inhalable particulate matter and other indexes of the five gyms tested met the national standards. The highest formaldehyde concentration was 0.0441%, and the lowest formaldehyde concentration was 0.0233%. The concentration of particulate matter increased with the extension of exercise time, and the value-added rate increased from 75.06 - 97.86 per hour.
Exploration on water environment control scheme of black and odorous water body in Houhai River Basin
Authors: Cheng Zhihua , Zhang Qiong
Published: May 2021

Black smelly water around the economy, society and people’s livelihood development has a very bad influence, seriously affects people’s production and life style, in order to further remove black smelly water bodies, this article takes the water environment treatment scheme of Houhai River in Nanshan District of Shenzhen as an example, this paper considers the treatment of water environment as a whole with systematic thinking. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the sources of pollutants in the basin, the quantitative analysis method of current pollutants in the present situation was established, and a technical route of “pollution control and interception, endogenous treatment, ecological restoration and raising quality of living water” was established according to the quantitative analysis of pollutants. In the process of treatment, the concept of sponge city should be implemented simultaneously; the river ecosystem should be improved by revetment ecological promotion, drainage outlet landscape treatment and so on. The implementation effect evaluated by model showed that all indicators could reach the design goal. The purpose of this paper could provide reference for water environment treatment schemes in other similar areas.
Application of Water Quality Evaluation in the Cotai City Ecological Reserve in Macau: Taking the Single Factor Index Evaluation Method as an Example
Authors: Zhang Junsen
Published: May 2021

This paper uses a single-factor index evaluation method to evaluate the water quality of the Cotai Ecological Reserve in Macau. Water quality evaluation is a necessary way to rationally renovate the water environment. In this paper, the average dissolved oxygen, average total nitrogen, average total phosphorus and BOD5 in the water environment of the ecological protection zone are used as the evaluation indicators of water quality. The analysis results show that the average dissolved oxygen index can maintain the requirements of water function zoning throughout the year. The average total nitrogen and BOD5 index exceeded the standard seriously. Therefore, the water quality index of the ecological zone needs to be improved.
Load forecasting method for park integrated energy system considering process industrial production process
Authors: Feng Yibin , Ni Chouwei , Ma Yuhan , Wang Haojia
Published: May 2021

Aiming at the problem that the current integrated energy load forecasting method does not consider the actual production process and the coupling characteristics between multiple energy carriers, this paper proposes a load forecasting method for park integrated energy system considering process industrial production process. Firstly, taking the battery factory as an example, the production process of typical battery factories is detailed. Secondly, the composition of electricity, heat and cooling load in the battery factory is analyzed respectively, and the corresponding load forecasting model is established. Finally, the applicability and accuracy of the forecasting method proposed in this paper in different situations are analyzed by actual cases. The load forecasting method proposed in this paper fully considers the production process of typical process industry, which can provide an accurate load forecasting basis for energy management and planning of related industries.
Optimal scheduling of multi-park integrated energy system under renewable energy quota considering demand side response
Authors: Wang Wanlong , Liu Tianyu
Published: May 2021

The integrated energy system (RIs) is composed of electricity/gas/cold/heat and other energy sources, which can realize the coordinated utilization of different forms of energy. RIs is conducive to promoting the rational utilization of clean energy, and the mutual coupling between different energy sources can effectively improve the overall energy utilization efficiency and operation economy of the system. The diversity of energy supply and demand makes the system operation complex and diverse, so it is indispensable to optimize the system operation scheduling. Demand response is an effective means to optimize the multi-objective scheduling of regional comprehensive energy system. RPS and green certificate trading mechanism are new methods to promote the consumption of renewable energy. In the process of green certificate trading, considering the load side demand response is conducive to realizing the maximum utilization of renewable energy power generation and improving the absorption rate of renewable energy power generation.
The modal analysis of the GIS pipe shell
Authors: Zhang Huakai , Jian Mingjian , Deng Hualing , Zhang Guangcheng , Zhang Zhongwen , Du Baoshuai , Hao Ya’nan , Chen Yang
Published: May 2021

With the help of modeling by ANSYS and application of finite element method, 3D static analysis of GIS pipe shell, the self-vibration analysis of the whole structure are carried out in this thesis. The basic principles of modal analysis in ANSYS are introduced. After establishing the integral finite element modal considering the self-weight of GIS pipe shell in ANSYS, the structural model analysis is carried, the top 30 order models are obtained, and the former five-order vibration mode are listed in this thesis. The analysis about the free vibration characters of the GIS pipe shell structure shows that the lateral stiffness in two direction of the structure is relatively uniform, and the structure is comparatively regular, with small torsional rigidity. Also it suggests that the stiffness of side force resistance and torsion resisting stiffness should be improved during the design process.
Application of Semi-dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers
Authors: Zhao Quanzhong , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: May 2021

The application of semi dry desulphurization technology in a circulating fluidized bed boiler is introduced in the paper. The principle and technical characteristics of semi dry desulphurization process are described in detail. The semi dry desulfurization process has certain reference value in the application of circulating fluidized bed boilers.
Analysis of power distribution network operation without power cut based on actual engineering data
Authors: Zhang Geli , Wang Hongjin , Zhang Heng , Zheng Yan , Liu Yaqiong
Published: May 2021

Distribution Network operation without power cut has gradually become the trend of the future distribution network construction, the investment in distribution network has increased year by year, carrying out the study on the analysis of distribution network operation without power cut, analyzing the benefit of distribution network operation without power cut, it is of great significance to provide suggestions for the future distribution network operation cost lean management. Based on the technical analysis of non-outage operation in distribution network, combined with the social benefits of non-outage operation, this paper gives some suggestions on strengthening the management of non-outage operation.
Study on the application of solar power generation in gymnasiums
Authors: Gu Wei , Zhang JianPing , Zhang JianYu
Published: May 2021

To accelerate the promotion of green and low-carbon development, the development of green buildings, new energy development into the “14th Five-Year” planning recommendations, in the global climate change, energy shortage situation, solar power generation as a clean and renewable energy, in today’s society has received more and more attention. Drived by China’s successful hosting of the 29th Summer Olympic Games in 2008 and its bid for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games in 2015, there has been a boom in the construction of sports venues and facilities across the country. Study on the present situation of the application of solar power in the stadium hall has carried on the system analysis and research.
Exploration of the Ability of Fungi for Decomposing Natural Resources Based on Multiple Regression Equation and Cellular Automata
Authors: Shi Yufei , Guan Yijiang , Zhang Dingye
Published: May 2021

With the development of society, carbon emissions are increasing. The key organisms to maintain the stability of the carbon cycle are fungi that can be easily seen and ignored. In this paper, we selected several fungi to establish the model of decomposition and reproduction so that we can understand the role they played. First of all, we studied several physiological indexes of fungi, and established the degradation model through multiple regression analysis, and multiple linear regression equation for the relationship between decomposition rate, growth rate, unit volume density of mycelium, temperature and humidity tolerance. Next, we established the competitive growth model based on logistic model, simulated the competitive growth process of strains with different growth rates, humidity tolerance, and the total decomposition rate. In order to be closer to the real situation, we set up the competitive growth model among four species. By arranging fungal communities randomly to simulate different biodiversity, we analyzed the effects on the decomposition rate in the case of that the environmental temperature and humidity changed by 10% respectively. After that, we established a growth prediction model based on ARIMA. By querying the climate data of five typical climates, we established the competitive growth model with 4 combinations, and we obtained a short-term model, a medium-term trend and a long-tern forecast to describe growth, reproduction and decomposition rate. In order to refine the strains of the pressure of competition and the influence of the distance between the strains of competition, we have established improved competition evolution model based on the cellular automata theory of population. The model helped us comprehend the competition between species on a micro level. All these analyses showed us the significance of biodiversity and the great role decomposers play in Earth.
Borders: An International Comparative Analysis of Social Work’s Response
Authors: Collins Mary Elizabeth , Duffy Joe , Kim Sook Hyun
Published: May 2021

Borders play a profound role in human life. In many settings, land borders are highly permeable and provide little barrier to movement, communication and interaction. In other circumstances, borders are highly rigid, difficult to cross and can demarcate vast economic and social disparities. The widely differing circumstances related to border creation and maintenance have deep effects that are worthy of social work attention and engagement. There has been serious attention to issues of globalisation, immigration and human rights in the social work literature. Our focus on borders is related to, but distinct from these issues, and therefore, has something unique to offer. Increased globalisation has led to a major reconceptualisation in our understanding of borders. The COVID-19 epidemic demonstrates the limited relevance of borders in some circumstances (spreading of the virus) but the heightened relevance of borders in other circumstances (travel restrictions). Social work practitioners have a role in framing the understanding of borders and resulting policies. Our focus is to address the question: How has social work engaged with border issues? We examine three international cases and conduct a comparative analysis to examine similarities and differences. From the analysis, we draw conclusions to further understanding for social work.
Topical odour management in burn patients
Authors: Hayashida Kenji , Yamakawa Sho
Published: May 2021

Preventing microbial colonization or infections that cause offensive smells may lead to odor reduction. As both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria cause the release of malodor from wounds, the most direct way of avoiding or eliminating wound odor is to prevent or eradicate the responsible infection through the debridement of necrotic tissues. However, some burn patients with malodorous wounds are unable to undergo debridement due to systemic conditions, especially in the acute stage. Moreover, the optimal drug doses and dressings to ensure the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of odorous burn wound management is unclear. The purpose of this commentary is to outline the odor management options available for burn patients, focusing on topical strategies. Numerous potential therapies for treating odorous wounds after burn injuries are suggested.
New Cortical Neurodegenerative Pathways in the Hypertensive Rat Brain
Authors: Moti Ben Shabat , Oz Eliya , Olga Azrilin , Bella Gross , Shifra Sela , Eilam Palzur
Published: May 2021

Hypertension is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. We hypothesized that chronic hypertension underlies neurodegeneration. In this study, we examined the expression of brain cortical proteins involved in homeostasis, apoptosis, and brain functions in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) compared with normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats. We used paraffin-embedded brain sections of 8-month-old SHR and WKY rats, immunohistochemically stained and analyzed by image processing. In SHR, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A increased, indicative of hypoxia; heat shock protein 40, the chaperon for refolding proteins, decreased, leading to accumulation of misfolded proteins; the levels of both voltage-gated sodium channels, Na1.2, 1.6, decreased, reflecting attenuation of the action potential, causing axonal injury; autophagy-related protein 4A (Atg4a), an essential protein of autophagy, decreased, reducing the removal of misfolded proteins; demyelination, the hallmark of neurodegeneration, was shown; modulation of both histone deacetylases 2 and histone acetyltransferase 1 was shown, indicative of altered regulation of gene transcription; increased activated (cleaved) caspase-3, indicative of apoptosis. These new findings suggest that chronic hypertension induces hypoxia and oxidative stress, axonal injury, accelerates the accumulation of misfolded proteins and apoptosis, pathways preceding neurodegeneration.