bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis peran guru dalam meningkatkan minat baca peserta didik di sekolah dasar
Authors: Rintang Kalista , Istiyati Siti , Hadiyah Hadiyah
Published: March 2024

The research was conducted to analyze the teacher’s role to increasing students reading interest. The teacher’s role is important because teacher guides, encourages, and monitors the students. Increasing students reading interest is important. Some students don’t like reading because of a lack of reading habits and affected by technological advances. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive methods and a case study approach. The research was conducted at Karangasem 3 Elementary School in 2020. The subject is the teacher. The data are obtained from the location, teachers, and students. The data are obtained from observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data validity used source and technique triangulation. Analysis using interactive analysis techniques Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the teacher's role in increasing students reading interest was applied by creating, facilitating, motivating, evaluating, and dynamizing reading activities. As a creator, the teacher makes new ideas in reading, as a facilitator the teacher provides physical facilities (infrastructure) and non-physical (services) related to reading activities, as a motivator the teacher always encourages students, as a evaluator, teacher evaluates the achievement of reading activities, and as a teacher dynamic, making reading activities continuity.
Peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan penilaian portofolio berbasis trello melalui metode pelatihan dan pendampingan di sekolah dasar
Authors: Sukarno Sukarno , Sularmi Sularmi , Suharno Suharno
Published: March 2024

In the field of education, the 21st century is known as the digital era, where all sectors, including education, must be digitized, and where technology plays a fundamental role in education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Trello application-based training and mentoring method for elementary school teachers. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a one-group pretest-posttest research design. The sample in this study were teachers in Ngawi Regency, East Java Province. The data collection technique used is a test. Data were analyzed using N-Gain. The results showed an increase in teacher knowledge about the Trello application. The pre-test showed an average score of 45.0 while the post-test showed an increase with an average score of 75.7. Therefore, it is important for teachers to improve their skills in developing Trello-based portfolio assessments
Pengaruh model pembelajaran think talk write (ttw) dan motivasi belajar terhadap keterampilan menulis pantun pada kelas IV SD
Authors: Sholihah Nurul Asmahul , Slamet St Y , Lestari Lies
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to finds out the effect of Think Talk Write (TTW) model and learning motivation on pantun writing skills. This form of research is a quasi-experimental. The population in this research is the fourth grades students of Public Elementary School in Laweyan district. Sampling techniques is using cluster random sampling. Data collection techniques are using tests and questionnaire. Data analysis technique is using two ways anova. The results revealed that the Think Talk Write (TTW) model give a positive effect on pantun writing skills (FA = 6,55 > Ftabel = 4,09), the learning motivation give a positive effect on pantun writing skills (FB = 45,74 > Ftabel = 4,09), and there is interaction between model of learning and learning motivation on pantun writing skills (FAB = 4,17 > Ftabel = 4,09). Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the Think Talk Write (TTW) model and learning motivation give a positive effect on pantun writing skills. The implication of this research is that the Think Talk Write model can be an alternative in learning to write, because it is proven to have a good influence on pantun writing skills.

Keyword : Think Talk Write (TTW), learning motivation, pantun writing skills, elementary school
Implementasi metode penugasan dalam optimalisasi motivasi belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran daring kelas IV SD
Authors: Pratiwi Dinar Mahardhika , Mulyono Hadi , Adi Fadhil Purnama
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study are to analyse and describe the effects of learning method using, factors that affect student learning motivation, and the teacher’s effort to handle student with lower learning motivation. qualitative descriptive used in this research methods. Subject for this research are the teacher of fourth grader and the student of fourth grader SD N Totosari. Observation, interview, questionnaire, and document study are used for data collection technics in this research. Data validity used in this research. Miles and Huberman’s analysis used for data analysis. This study procedure using study case model by Creswell. The results of this research are knowing that the learning method is giving assignment to the students and this learning method affect the student’s learning motivation. Then, there are internal and external factors that affect the student’s learning motivation and the level of student’s learning motivation levelled as low. The next result is teacher’s effort to handle the lower learning motivation of the student are always following up the student, asked the students if they had any question, and etc.

Kata kunci: learning method, learning motivation, online learning.   
Analisis unsur intrinsik dan nilai krakter cerita pendek dalam buku "saya senang berbahasa indonesia" kelas V sekolah dasar
Authors: Mawarni Ida , Siti Poerwanti Jenny Indrastoeti , Matsuri Matsuri
Published: March 2024

The study was intended to identify intrinsic elements and character education value in the collection of short stories found in the Indonesian textbook at the primary school, entitled Saya Senang Berbahasa Indonesia SD Jilid 5. To find out, the study therefore employs qualitative descriptive methods. The results of this study indicate that the book's collection of short stories had character education. A short story of Hadiah Istimewa has character value that values achievement, friendliness, and religion. A short story Mabuk karena Ngantuk has an inquisitive, environmental, and social value. Ani yang Pelupa short story has a character value: responsibility, preoccupation with reading, curiosity, friendships, social concern, hard work, and achievement. Abu Nawas Tidak Bisa Kehujanan short story has the value of character discipline, tolerance, religion, responsibility, respect his achievements, curiosity, creative, and hard work. Menebus Kesalahan short story has the character value of hard work, responsibility, and love of peace.
Analisis kesulitan menulis teks deskripsi pada peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar
Authors: Lutfiah Zulfa Astri , Rukayah Rukayah , Kamsiyati Siti
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to describe the difficulty of writing descriptive texts in 4D grade students of SD Djama'atul Ichwan in the 2020/2021 school year. Writing descriptive text is one of the goals to be achieved in Indonesian language learning. This study will describe the difficulty of writing students' descriptive texts based on indicators from the modification of Dalman (2016:103) and Rukayah (2013:117). The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using a case study approach. Taking research subjects using purposive sampling technique. The data source of this research was the 4D class students which consisted of six students as the research sample. The data collection technique was done by observing, interviewing, testing, and studying the documentation. The validity test of the data used in this study were technical triangulation and source triangulation. Data were analyzed using data analysis model Miles and Huberma. The results of this study indicate that students only master the title indicators in line with the theme. Students have not mastered other indicators, namely: 1) The content of ideas is in accordance with the title and involves the senses; 2) Cohesive and coherensive paragraphs; 3) Choice of words (diction); and 4) Spelling and punctuation. The results of this study provide insight into forms of difficulty in writing descriptive texts. The results of this study also encourage teachers to determine effective strategies, models, methods, and media so that they can overcome difficulties in writing descriptive texts.
Persepsi guru dan peserta didik terhadap penggunaan aplikasi berbasis web "quizizz" sebagai media pembelajaran di sekolah dasar
Authors: Sodiq Munawar , Mahfud Hasan , Adi Fadhil Purnama
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi guru dan siswa tentang penggunaan aplikasi web Quizizz sebagai media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru yang mengajar di kelas V yang berjumlah tiga orang dan sebagian siswa kelas V SDN Sondakan Surakarta yang berjumlah 26 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan wawancara. Analisis hasil angket menggunakan rumus persentase dan data wawancara dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. Dari hasil angket diketahui bahwa persepsi siswa cenderung positif terhadap penggunaan aplikasi web “Quizizz” sebagai media pembelajaran.
Analisis kesalahan penggunaan huruf kapital pada karangan narasi peserta didik kelas V sekolah dasar
Authors: Maharatri Kisma Arrum , Wahyuningsih Siti , Suharno Suharno
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the form of capital letters errors in the narrative essay of the fifth grade students of SD Negeri 3 Sempor and the underlying factor in the misuse of capital letters. This study is against the background of errors that learners often use in capital letters. The study used qualitative descriptive methods aimed at analyzing the misuse of capital letters in the country's 3 sempor class v student narrative. The subject of this study is a 24-student v-class student and cass V teacher of SD Negeri 3 Sempor. The study uses data-collection techniques of documentation, interviews, and observation. Data analysis uses interactive data analysis techniques with data gathering, data reduction, data presentation, and deduction drawing. The validity of data on this research uses technical triangulation and source triangulation. The results of this study have been found misusing capital letters in the narrative of 3rd sempor country's vice student v. The error covers six indicators of error at the beginning of the sentence as many as 59 errors, errors in the name of as many as 4 errors, errors in the name of the day as 8 errors, errors in the geography name as 21 errors, and errors in the title of 21 errors. The most common mistake was the start of a sentence of 56% and the least amount of error on a person's name of 4%. A factor behind the misus of capital letters is that learners lack an understanding of the code of capital letter writing.
Efektivitas pembelajaran matematika melalui whatsapp grup selama wabah covid-19 di kelas V SDN 1 Brujul
Authors: Amarthani Nia , Kurniawan Sandra Bayu , Rintayati Peduk
Published: March 2024

The research purpose to analyze the effectiveness of learning mathematics using whatsapp group in class V SDN 1 Brujul. The research was conducted using qualitative techqniques with a phenomenological approach. This  research data collection using observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data used was triangulation source and triangulation technique. The data in this study were processed using inductive data processing techniques according to Miles and Huberman. The result of this study resulted in six focus meanings wherw there were implementation of learning, learning facilities, presentation of material, understanding of the material and learning outcomes. The six meanings  related to each other, which can be conclude that learning mathematics using whatsapp group in class V SDN 1 Brujul is not effective. This ineffectiveness is due to the ineffective facilities, the lack of material presentation, the lack of guidance from the teacher and the obstacles that arise during the learning process.
Efektivitas penggunaan aplikasi whatsapp sebagai media belajar bahasa indonesia di rumah di kelas V sekolah dasar
Authors: Kristiningrum Dinda , Sukarno Sukarno , Sriyanto Muhammad Ismail
Published: March 2024

This researchaimsto provide an overview of the effectiveness of using the WhatsApp application as a media for learning the Indonesian language at home. This research includes qualitative research with descriptivemethods and phenomenological approaches. Teachers and students of class V SD Negeri Pajang IV Surakarta that in total 27 students, were the subject of the study. Data collection techniques were used interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data validity test technique was used triangulation techniques. The data analysis technique was based on Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis technique through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the use of the WhatsApp application as a media for learning the Indonesian language at home could be categorized as effective. Of the 11 descriptors 9 descriptors of media effectiveness have been achieved in the use of the WhatsApp application as a media for Indonesian language learning.
The Search for the Perfection of Divine Love in Herman Hesse's Novel Sidharta
Authors: Purnamasari Hetty , Amrullah Imron
Published: March 2024

This article discusses Siddharta's journey in finding a teacher through long twists and turns, joys and sorrows, praise and trials one after another does not discourage him because of his great love and love for the Divine. Siddharta who is intelligent and has a perfect physical form and attitude, gets affection from his parents and is about to be dissatisfied and satisfied. His heart still has an empty space for Divine love. The figures and the environment in Siddharta as teachers, whatever comes from them, they can always learn. The protagonists move with flexible, balanced sentences, not only in everyday discourse and textual discourse. The figures with beautiful movements, so a lot of spiritual development. The characters who get control of the environment they are in. No coincidence is coincidence, making this novel appear as a profound reflection.
EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF NITROGEN-DOPED TiO2 AS A PHOTOELECTRODE
Authors: Saptari Sitti Ahmiatri , Yuniarti Elvan , Loua Lamin Rene
Published: March 2024

TiO2 has been widely used as a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) photoelectrode, and attempts have been made to improve the performance of the photoelectrode by adding doping. This study aims to synthesize nitrogen (N) doped TiO2 as a photoelectrode. The research was carried out experimentally and computationally using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test equipment, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and quantum espresso software using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. XRD results showed that TiO2 has an anatase phase, and variations in the addition of nitrogen (doped N) of 10% w/w, 20% w/w, and 30% w/w did not produce a phase change. The FTIR results of N-doped TiO2 and TiO2 provide information on the functional groups of the samples. The wave number absorption area 1626 cm-1 indicates the presence of N-H bonds with a bending vibration mode. In addition, it can be seen that there is an N-H bond with a stretching vibration mode at wave number 3436 cm-1. Computational calculations searched the band gap energy of each variation of N doping, and each obtained was 3.2 eV; 2.54 eV; 2.35 eV; and 1.64 eV. The results of this study indicate that the N-doped TiO2 photoelectrode is expected to produce better DSSC efficiency because the addition of N-doped to TiO2 causes a decrease in the bandgap energy. The N doping effect causes a new energy level. The new energy level must be positioned close to the existing valence and conduction bands. As a result, the energy required for electrons to transition from the valence band to the conduction band is reduced, effectively reducing the energy gap between the two. This change in electronic structure facilitates more effortless movement of electrons, driving increased conductivity.
Sustainable Branding for Local Products: Empowering Rural Economic Development
Authors: Aesthetika Nur Maghfirah , Febriana Poppy , Choiriyah Ilmi Usrotin , Safitri Romadhona , Bakta Nabila Ayu
Published: March 2024

This scientific article presents a program designed to foster sustainable economic independence within Kemlagi Village, Indonesia, by harnessing the potential of small businesses. The program aims to motivate and engage the local community through effective communication schemes and empowerment initiatives, maximizing the village's resources and potential. By focusing on the branding of local honey products, the program enhances the value and marketability of these products while promoting the understanding of the significance of branding among the villagers. The training method involves short sessions covering branding strategies and media utilization, followed by interactive Q&A and discussions. The results highlight increased knowledge and skills in branding, paving the way for the village to transform into a sought-after Honey Tourism Village. The implications of this study shed light on how local communities can achieve economic sustainability through targeted empowerment programs and brand development.

Highlights:

Engaging Rural Communities: The program aims to motivate and involve local residents directly in maximizing their village's potential by harnessing the power of branding for local products.

Enhancing Marketability: Through targeted training sessions, the program seeks to equip villagers with the knowledge and skills needed to elevate the value and market appeal of their local honey products.

Towards Sustainable Development: By transforming Kemlagi Village into a Honey Tourism Village, the program sets the stage for long-term economic sustainability, leveraging the natural resources and unique offerings of the community.

Keywords: Rural Economic Sustainability, Branding, Local Products, Empowerment, Honey Tourism Village
The Game as a Teacher's Tool
Authors: Nuritdinovna Mardieva Dilrabo
Published: March 2024

This article investigates the efficacy of utilizing business games as a pedagogical tool for teaching the Russian language. The author examines the distinctive features and adaptations of business games, advocating for their utilization in group learning settings to foster collaborative problem-solving and simulate diverse scenarios. The study aims to elucidate the goals, methods, and results associated with implementing business games in language education. Findings suggest that the collaborative nature of these games enhances group dynamics and facilitates a comprehensive approach to language learning. The implications of integrating business games into language education underscore the potential for improved engagement, problem-solving skills, and adaptability among learners.
Highlights:

Enhanced Engagement: Business games offer a dynamic and interactive approach to language education, fostering increased student engagement and participation.

Collaborative Problem-Solving: The use of business games promotes collaborative learning environments, where students actively engage in solving common tasks, enhancing their teamwork and problem-solving skills.

Simulated Real-World Scenarios: Business games simulate diverse situations, providing learners with practical and realistic language contexts, thereby preparing them for real-world language use.

Keywords: Business Games, Language Education, Collaborative Learning, Pedagogical Tools, Russian Language
The Validity of Transfer of Receivables (Cessie) from the Cessioner I Buyer to the Cessioner II Buyer in Review from the Civil Code
Authors: Sriati Ning , Mediawati Noor Fatimah
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the validity of a transfer of receivables (cessie) and to find out whether there is legal protection against Cessioner II. This research was conducted by reviewing Article 613 of the Civil Code concerning the Transfer of Receivables and Article 1320 of the Engagement. Using the statute approach as the type of research. The conclusion of this study states that the validity of the cessie is valid because there was a previous credit agreement between Bank BTN (cedent) and the debtor involving Cessioners I and II in accordance with the contents of Articles 613 and 1320 of the Civil Code. The existence of this legitimacy makes Cessioner II as the creditor the latest to receive legal protection, in the event of a default from the debtor.
Impact of Campaign Regulations on Electoral Freedom
Authors: Hamjad Hamjad , Asmara M. Galang , Cahyowati Roro
Published: March 2024

This research scrutinizes Constitutional Court Decision No. 65/PUU-XXI/2023, focusing on the intersection of campaign regulations and the fundamental right to electoral choice in a democratic society. Using a normative legal research methodology, the study delves into the legal concepts, principles, and norms governing electoral campaigns, particularly regarding their conduct in educational institutions and government facilities. This approach is both descriptive and normative, relying on existing legislation, court decisions, and supplementary academic sources to construct a comprehensive understanding of the subject. The research identifies a lack of clarity in current regulations about campaigning in educational spaces, as highlighted by the absence of specific legal guidelines in this area. The analysis of the Constitutional Court's decision and related electoral laws, including Article 280 of the 2017 General Election Law, reveals a need for more precise legal provisions to regulate campaign mechanisms and concepts effectively. The findings suggest that while existing laws aim to uphold citizens' political rights to free choice, they lack detailed implementation strategies, particularly concerning youth engagement in political processes. The study advocates for policymakers and government officials to develop legal frameworks that extend campaign outreach not only to the non-educational population but also to young voters, fostering their involvement and understanding of political contests. This would contribute to the national goal of informed and active citizenship.Highlights:

Ambiguity in Campaign Regulations: The study highlights the lack of clear guidelines for conducting electoral campaigns in educational settings.

Constitutional Court's Influence: Examines the impact of Decision No. 65/PUU-XXI/2023 on the balance between free political choice and regulated campaigning.

Youth Political Involvement: Emphasizes the need for legal reforms to enhance the political engagement and education of young voters.

Keywords: Electoral Campaign Regulation, Constitutional Court Decision, Political Rights, Youth Engagement, Legal Framework
The Effect of Deferred Tax and Tax To Book Ratio on the Company's Financial Performance
Authors: Amaliyah Afik , Ernandi Herman
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Deferred Taxes and Tax to Book Ratio on Corporate Financial Performance in chemical sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) either partially or simultaneously. This study uses quantitative data with secondary data collection techniques. The population in this study is the chemical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2016. While the sample of this study was determined by purposive sampling method and obtained 10 sample companies. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of this study, the results of (1) Deferred Tax have an effect on the Company's Financial Performance, with the results of the t test amounting to 0.014. (2) Tax to Book Ratio affects the Company's Financial Performance, with the results of the t test equal to 0.008. (3) and deferred tax and tax to book ratio have a significant effect on the company's financial performance with the results of the F statistic test of 0.001.
Expert System for Diagnosing Cow Disease Using Web-Based Forward Chaining Method
Authors: Ma’ruf Mohammad Rizal , Eviyanti Ade
Published: March 2024

Media Technology and Information is currently developing quite quickly and well. Some people and even almost all of the surrounding community are familiar with technology, especially in the science of artificial intelligence. With this expert system, it can help alleviate the need when it is difficult to meet experts, especially livestock specialist diseases. The purpose and benefits of this expert system is to make it easier for researchers to identify livestock disease problems based on the symptoms suffered by cattle. The identification method used in this system is the Forward Chaining Method and collects symptom data from several sources and verified journals. The desired result of this research is the reduction of disease or outbreaks that occur in Livestock Cattle

and provide prevention and treatment solutions so as not to be attacked by diseases and outbreaks.
A Single Amino Acid Mutation Alters the Neutralization Epitopes in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Glycoprotein
Authors: Oraby Ahmed K. , Stojic Aleksandra , Elawar Farah , Bilawchuk Leanne , McClelland Ryley , Erwin Kaci , Granoski Madison , Griffiths Cameron , Arutyunova Elena , Lemieux M. Joanne , West Frederick , Ramilo Octavio , Mejias Asuncion , McLellan Jason , Marchant David
Published: March 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant hospitalization. All current available RSV therapeutics including antibody prophylaxis and adult vaccination target the RSV fusion glycoprotein (RSV-F).The seven neutralization sites on RSV-F are highlyconserved and infrequently mutated. Here, we show that asingle amino acid mutation at position 305 in RSV-F significantly alters antigenic recognition of RSV-F binding sites and changes the susceptibility of RSV to neutralizing antibodies. In an in vitro evolution assay, we show that RSV-F L305I occurs in the majority of RSV quasi-species. Computational modelingpredicted that the L305I mutation alters the epitope landscape of RSV-F, resulting in changes to neutralizing antibody sensitivity and affinity towards the RSV-F glycoprotein. Screening of published RSV-F sequences revealed that position 305 in RSV-F is a conserved leucine and isoleucine in RSV-A and RSV-B subtypes, respectively. Our study suggests that select amino acids in RSV-F may act asconformational switches for RSV to evade host serum antibodies. This work has important implications in understanding RSV evolution and resistance as it suggests that mutational resistance to neutralizing antibodies can also occur at sites distal to antigenic epitopes, significantly altering antibody sensitivity to viral infection. These unique antigenic landscape changes should be considered in the context of vaccine and therapeutic development in order to better understand viral mechanisms of evasion and resistance.
Incidence, Causes, and Determinants of Maternal Near-Miss among Women Attending Public Hospitals in Borena Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Kamangira Boboh , Ayele Gudeta , Melaku Kaleb , Abdulkadir Abdulbari , Dube Polite , Vushoma Eubert
Published: March 2024

Background: Maternal near-miss refers to an event where a woman who nearly died but survived complications that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. Survivors of near-miss events share several characteristics with mothers who would have died. Thus, up-to-date information on the magnitude and causes of maternal near-miss is vital to improve the quality of maternal care.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women attending public hospitals in Borena zone from August 15 to November 15, 2022. All women admitted to participating hospitals during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days following termination of pregnancy who met the WHO near-miss criteria were enrolled into the study.
Result: Out of the total 1421 deliveries during the study period, we were able to identify 117 women that developed potentially life-threatening conditions, with 61 of these women experiencing severe maternal outcomes (55 near-misses and 6 maternal deaths). The maternal near-miss incidence ratios was estimated to be 38.7 per 1000 live births and a mortality index of 9.8%. Hypertensive disorders, 61.8% (CI: 48% - 74%), and obstetric hemorrhage, 29.1% (CI: 18% - 42%) were the leading underlying causes of maternal near-misses.
Conclusion: The incidence of maternal near-miss was remarkably high when compared to previous studies. Giving special emphasis to life-saving interventions, critical care, reducing delays and improving the referral system are critical to improve quality of care.
Effect of lung volume preservation during spontaneous breathing trial on successful extubation among patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Study protocol for a multi-center clinical trial.
Authors: Subira Carles , Rognoni Gina , Baquerizo Herbert , García Carolina , Cabañes Sara , Torre Maria de la , Quevedo Beatriz , Pedrós Cristina , Tizón Ana I. , Murillo Natalia , Parro Laura , Eiras Fernando , Rialp Gemma , Altaba Susana , González-Castro Alejandro , Pacheco Andrés F. , Bayoumi Pablo , Medrano Norma , Vallverdú Imma , Higón Áurea , Navarro María D. , Falcón Alirio , Keough Elena , Arizo David , Martínez Juan F. , Durán Núria , Rodríguez Raquel , Popoviciu-Koborzan Melinda R. , Guerrero Isabel , Concha Pablo , Barral Patricia , Batlle Montserrat , Cano Sílvia , Garcia-Castrillon Silvia , Andorrà Xavier , Tua Yenifher , Arnau Anna , Fernández Rafael
Published: March 2024

Background: the best spontaneous breathing test (SBT) during weaning from mechanical ventilation is a 30-min test with pressure support ventilation (PSV) 8 cmH2O without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). There is a debate about the possible collapse of some alveolar units during such SBT and during extubation with continuous suctioning. A few experiences showed extubation without suctioning as feasible and safe. Lung ultrasound is an excellent tool to determine the level of lung aeration. We hypothesize that preserving lung volume during SBT and extubation can yield higher rates of successful extubation.
Methods:
Primary objective: To determine the rates of successful extubation in two extubation approaches aiming at different levels of lung volume preservation: standard SBT (30-min PSV8 without PEEP followed by extubation with continuous suctioning) versus experimental SBT (30-min PSV8 + PEEP5 followed by extubation without suctioning).
Secondary objectives: To determine reintubation rate, ICU and hospital stays, the lung volume aeration using modified lung ultrasound score (LUS) before and after successful or failed SBT, diaphragm and intercostal thickness and thickening fraction by ultrasound (US) before and after successful or failed SBT.
Design: Multi-center, randomized clinical trial. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to a two opposing extubation strategies. The follow-up period will be 90-days after randomization.
Discussion: A representative group of mechanically ventilated patients ready to be liberated from the ventilator will be studied in order to provide comprehensive data on the potential impact of preserving lung volume during weaning.
Ethics and registration: The study has been approved by the Board Research Committee (CEIm) of the Fundació Unió Catalana d'Hospitals with the code CEI 22/67 and 23/26. Already registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05526053 on August 2023.
Validation of Interpersonal relationship scale inventory: Confirmatory factor analysis modelling approach using AMOS.
Authors: Debnath Sumit Kumar , Khatri Puja
Published: March 2024

Interpersonal relationships are crucial for the growth and development of the organization as it directly or indirectly impacts employee performance. The present study aimed to develop an interpersonal relationship scale inventory for nurses, identifying the various dimensions of interpersonal relationships and validating the developed scale using EFA and CFA approaches. A methodological cross-sectional study design consisting of two phases was used. The study was conducted in government and private-sector hospitals. In the first phase, 250 nurses participated in the study, and 4 factors with 16 items were identified using EFA. In the second phase, confirmatory factor analysis was performed with a sample size of 766 nurses. Information related to factor loading (EFA), descriptive statistic, correlation matrix, standardized estimation in the CFA model, and discriminant validity were presented in tabular form. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 23.0. The result indicated that the CFA model was ascertained by the following indices: CFI =0.973; GFI= 0.958; RMSEA= 0.048; TLI= 0.967; SRMR= 0.033. The results were within the acceptable range, indicating that the four factors obtained from EFA were validated, also the reliability and the discriminant validity of the model were established. Moreover, the study shows that the four factors identified were regarded as crucial element that supports the interpersonal relationship scale developed in the study. The four-factor scale can be used by nursing managers, and educators to understand the competencies of nurses towards people management, which have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Also, the scale would be helpful in assessing the effectiveness of the training program to measure the social skills and competencies of the nurses, hence there exist a significant implication of this study. The study concludes with the validation of the four-factor interpersonal relationship scale inventory which can be a useful tool to assess workplace relationships for healthcare professionals. As a future scope, the researcher can validate the scale using different sample frames.
Study of mediating effect of Emotional Coping Ability in the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Wellness of Nursing Professionals
Authors: Debnath Sumit Kumar , Khatri Puja , Nanda Shweta
Published: March 2024

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of emotional coping ability in the relationship between EI and wellness. The study was conducted in public and private hospitals and 766 valid responses were considered for the analysis. Information related to the demographic, correlation coefficient, direct and indirect effects, and the path coefficient of the model was presented in tabular form. Data were analysed using SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 3. Findings show that the path between EI and wellness was mediated by emotional coping ability and the effect was found to be statistically significant. The R2 for the model was found to be 41.5%. Moreover, the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.527–0.601. The present study was able to establish the mediating effect of emotional coping ability and proposes a model of wellness, which is of great significance for the psychological intervention of nursing professionals in the future.
The Flame Retardant Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Composites with Boric Acid Modified ZSM-5 Synergists
Authors: Zhai Xiaokun , Gu Jiajia , Ma Qin , Jin Yuwei , Zhang Ruiyan , Luo Faliang
Published: March 2024

Cyclic olefin copolymer exhibits promising alternative of thermal insulation foam in building fields. However, it is challenging to improve COC flame retardant behavior due to macromolecular chain with carbon and hydrogen elements. Herein, we utilize boric acid modified ZSM-5 (BZ5) as synergist in order to achieve the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) COC composite. The surface morphology, distribution of flame retardants, flame retardancy and morphology and structure of carbon residue of the composite were studied by SEM, EDS, LOI, CCT and FTIR characterizations. With adding BZ5 as a synergist, the LOI value can reach up to 28.5%, which is much higher than that of 15.3% for neat COC. Char residue content increased from 0.97% to 19.7% with BZ5 as a synergist in the COC composite. According to SEM and FTIR results, dense microscopic carbon residue structure after boric acid modification. The study shows that the modification of boric acid with appropriate content can improve the flame retardancy of COC.
Comparing the Prognostic Value of Lactate to the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Among Sepsis Patients: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chebl Ralph Bou , Haidar Saadeddine , Kattouf Nadim , Assaf Mohamad , Alwan Joudie Sahar , Khamis Mohamed , Abdeldaem Karim , Makki Maha , Tamim Hani , Dagher Gilbert Abou
Published: March 2024

Background
The prognostic role of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was studied in several disease conditions such as appendicitis, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and sepsis. Lactate is a commonly used prognostic biomarker in sepsis. The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of lactate to the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio among septic patients.
Methods
This was a prospective cohort study including adult septic or septic shock patients presenting to the Emergency Department of a tertiary care center, between September 2018 and February 2021. The primary outcome was to compare the prognostic value of the NLR to lactate with regard to in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was to compare the prognostic value of the NLR to lactate in different septic patient subgroups with regard to in-hospital mortality.
Results
The number of septic patients included in this study was 874. In the stepwise logistic regression, NLR was not associated with in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.003, 95% CI = 0.994–1.012, p = 0.544), whereas lactate was associated with in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.188, 95% CI = 1.086–1.299, p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between the AUC of NLR and lactate (0.552 95% CI = 0.504–0.599 vs 0.591 95% CI = 0.544–0.637, p = 0.22). Lactate outperformed NLR in the following subgroups: albumin < 30, patients less than 65 years of age and patients with sepsis due to a urinary tract infection. There was no statistically significant difference in the AUCs between lactate and NLR in patients with septic shock, Lactate < 2, Lactate ≥ 2, diabetes, malignancy, chronic kidney diseases, other sources of infection, albumin ≥ 30 and age ≥ 65.
Conclusion
In this study, lactate but not NLR was associated with in-hospital mortality. There was no significant difference in the AUCs between lactate and NLR among sepsis patients and among the majority of the subgroups in this study (including septic shock patients). However, lactate outperformed NLR in the following subgroups: albumin < 30 g/L, patients less than 65 years of age and patients with sepsis due to a urinary tract infection. Our results advocate for the continued use of serum lactate rather than NLR, despite its limitations, as a predictor of mortality among septic patients and the different subgroups in this study.
Vardenafil Versus Tamsulosin Efficacy in Relieving Ureteral Stent-Related Symptoms : A Randomized Single Center Study
Authors: Abdelbary Ahmed , Mohammed Ahmed Ahmed , Massoud Amr Medhat , Elmarakbi Akram A. , Abdellatif Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Background: Urinary symptoms are common side effects following ureteral DJ insertion, different solutions are applied to overcome these symptoms like alpha-adrenergic blockers and phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
Aim of the work: To compare the effect of Vardenafil 10 mg once daily versus Tamsulosin 0.4mg once daily on stent-related symptoms (SRSs).
Patients and methods: A single center prospective randomized trial was conducted from November 2020 to November 2022 on patients presented with SRSs, randomized to receive either Vardenafil or Tamsulosin for subsequent 4 to 6 weeks. The efficacy of drugs to relieve SRSs was measured by the Ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ score).
Outcomes: The main outcome measure used was the Ureteral stent symptom questionnaire scores, with sexual score analysis regarding gender and age.
Results: Of 208 patients, the mean age was 45.07±9.5 years, ranging from 21 to 65 years. There was an improvement regarding urinary symptoms, sexual health, body pain, general health, and work performance after the administration of Vardenafil, p= 0.001. On the other hand, Tamsulosin achieved improvement in most categories except sexual health, p=0.5. Univariate and multivariate analysis of sexual health score in the USSQ showed statistically significant differences toward females and males over 50 years, p= 0.003 and 0.02 respectively.
Clinical Implications: both drugs were safe for the patients who were involved in the study, and minimal side effects were reported.
Limitations: Vardenafil has a limited half-life, and it was sometimes necessary to add Tamsulosin to enhance its efficacy.
Conclusion: Vardenafil is a valid option for SRS relief with favorability toward improving sexual functions in females and elder males.
Fibrotic Phenotype in CRISPR knockout p53 of Hepatic Organoids within a Pro-Carcinogenic Microenvironment
Authors: ERDAL Esra , Karabicici Mustafa , Akbari Soheil , Calıskan Ceyda , Celiker Canan , Oz Ozden , Binokay Leman , Karakulah Gokhan , Senturk Serif
Published: March 2024

Hepatic fibrogenesis is a pathological outcome of chronic liver injury, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the lack of reliable models that mimic precancerous fibrogenesis in the early stage of the disease remains a significant obstacle. Here, we utilized human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic organoids (eHEPO) to replicate the early stages of human liver fibrosis, focusing on CRISPR/Cas9 system-mediated TP53 loss within a pro-carcinogenic microenvironment (pc-ME) comprising the secretome of activated hepatic stellate (LX2) and M2-polarized macrophages. We confirmed that our model represents an enrichment score across various signaling pathways according to transcriptome analysis, including inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) modification, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. The model also displayed altered proliferation and differentiation properties depending on medium-derived stimulations, alongside noticeable alterations in key regulators of HIF1A, IFNA, STAT3, and Wnt/TGF-b signaling pathways. Importantly, our TP53KO-eHEPO model exhibited an enhanced fibrotic morphology with atypical cells, pseudo-glandular-tubular rosettes, steatohepatitis-like inflammatory areas, and ballooning-like hepatocytes. Additionally, we confirmed the augmentation of myofibroblast and fibrosis marker expression, including PDGFRB, COL1A1, COL3A1, and COL11A1, as well as early pro-carcinogenic markers GPC3 and MUC1. Overall, this model stands as a significant advancement in the study of liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis, offering a valuable tool for investigating the impact of first-hit genes like TP53 and inflammatory conditions on hepatic progenitor cell transformation in diverse microenvironments, and providing a potential platform for early-stage drug development and candidate identification.
Revolutionizing Plant Disease Detection in Agriculture: a Comparative Study of Yolov5 and Yolov8 Deep Learning Models
Authors: Hawaldar Vaibhav , Jain Rishabh , Mengde Mihir , Agrawal Supriya
Published: March 2024

Object detection stands as a pivotal task within computer vision, finding extensive use across various domains. Recent years have witnessed a transformative shift in object detection thanks to deep learning methodologies, with You Only Look Once(YOLO) emerging as a prominent algorithm in this field. In this research paper, our focus lies in conducting an in-depth comparative analysis between two advanced deep learning models, You Only Look Once Version 5(YOLOv5) and You Only Look Once Version 8 (YOLOv8), to assess their applicability in the context of plant leaf disease detection within the agricultural sector. Our results unequivocally establish YOLOv8 as the superior performer, exhibiting exceptional precision, recall, and class differentiation, and notably, outperforming YOLOv5 by approximately 3% in mean average precision (mAP). This study demonstrates the prowess of YOLOv8 as a state-of-the-art object detection algorithm, offering implications for diverse applications beyond agriculture.
A geospatial analysis of local intermediate snail host distributions provides insight into schistosomiasis risk within under-sampled areas of southern Lake Malawi
Authors: Reed Amber Lydia , Al-Harbi Mohammad H , Makaulai Peter , Condemine Charlotte , Hesketh Josie , Archer John , Jones Sam , Kayuni Sekeleghe A , Musaya Janelisa , Stanton Michelle C , Stothard J Russell , Fronterre Claudio , Jewell Christopher
Published: March 2024

Background: Along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi, the incidence of schistosomiasis is increasing with snails of the genera Bulinus and Biomphalaria transmitting urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis, respectively. Since the underlying distribution of snails is partially known, often being focal, developing pragmatic spatial models that interpolate snail information across under-sampled regions is required to understand and assess current and future risk of schistosomiasis.
Methods: A secondary geospatial analysis of recently collected malacological and environmental survey data was undertaken. Using a Bayesian Poisson latent Gaussian process model abundance data were fitted for Bulinus and Biomphalaria. Interpolating the abundance of snails along the shoreline (given their relative distance along the shoreline ∼ x km) was achieved by smoothing, using extracted environmental rainfall, land surface temperature (LST), evapotranspiration, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil type covariate data for all predicted locations. Our adopted model used a combination of two-dimensional (2D) and one dimensional (1D) mapping.
Results: A significant association between normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and abundance of Bulinus spp. was detected [log risk ratio -0.83, 95% CI: -1.57, -0.09]. A qualitatively similar association was found between NDVI and Biomphalaria spp. but was not statistically significant [log risk ratio -1.42, 95% CI:-3.09, 0.10]. All other environmental data considered were non-significant.
Conclusions: The spatial range in which interpolation of snail distributions is possible appears less than y km, owing to fine-scale biotic and abiotic heterogeneities. The forthcoming challenge is to refine geospatial sampling frameworks with future opportunities to map schistosomiasis within actual or predicted snail distributions which might better reveal the environmental transmission possibilities.