bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access for neurointerventional procedures: a double-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhu Deyuan , Wang Chuanchuan , Ma Peipei , Qi Dayong , Cao Wei , Li Suya , Du Meng , He Juanling , Ye Shifei , Song Tonghui , Hu Rongguo , Li Peng , Zheng Tianheng , Liu Jianmin , Fang Yibin
Published: September 2023

Objective

This study aims to share our experience with the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access approach for neurointerventional procedures and evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Methods

The arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access approach was performed using the right/bilateral proximal radial arteries and the right forearm superficial vein system, guided by ultrasonic guidance. Arterial access closure was achieved using a transradial band radial compression device, while manual compression was utilized for venous approach closure.

Results

Thirteen procedures were successfully performed using the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access approach, yielding favorable outcomes. The procedures included dural arteriovenous fistula embolization (seven cases), cerebral arteriovenous malformation embolization (four cases), venous sinus thrombosis catheter-directed thrombolysis and intravenous thrombectomy (one case), and cerebral venous sinus stenosis manometry (one case). All procedures were uneventful, allowing patients to ambulate on the same day. At discharge, all patients exhibited modified Rankin scores of 0–2, without any access site or perioperative complications.

Conclusion

This double-center study preliminarily demonstrates the feasibility and safety of arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access applied in neurointerventional procedures for complicated cerebrovascular diseases. The proximal radial artery and forearm superficial vein are recommended as the primary access sites. Unobstructed compression is strongly recommended for radial approach closure.

Advances in knowledge

This study aimed to add evidence and experience on the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access, as a new approach, for neurointerventional treatment that required arteriovenous approaches.
How to 19F MRI: applications, technique, and getting started
Authors: Maxouri Olga , Bodalal Zuhir , Daal Mariah , Rostami Sajjad , Rodriguez Ivonne , Akkari Leila , Srinivas Mangala , Bernards René , Beets-Tan Regina
Published: September 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in the routine imaging workflow, providing both anatomical and functional information. 19F MRI is an evolving imaging modality where instead of 1H, 19F nuclei are excited. As the signal from endogenous 19F in the body is negligible, exogenous 19F signals obtained by 19F radiofrequency coils are exceptionally specific. Highly fluorinated agents targeting particular biological processes (i.e., the presence of immune cells) have been visualised using 19F MRI, highlighting its potential for non-invasive and longitudinal molecular imaging. This article aims to provide both a broad overview of the various applications of 19F MRI, with cancer imaging as a focus, as well as a practical guide to 19F imaging. We will discuss the essential elements of a 19F system and address common pitfalls during acquisition. Last but not least, we will highlight future perspectives that will enhance the role of this modality. While not an exhaustive exploration of all 19F literature, we endeavour to encapsulate the broad themes of the field and introduce the world of 19F molecular imaging to newcomers. 19F MRI bridges several domains, imaging, physics, chemistry, and biology, necessitating multidisciplinary teams to be able to harness this technology effectively. As further technical developments allow for greater sensitivity, we envision that 19F MRI can help unlock insight into biological processes non-invasively and longitudinally.
MATURIDADE EM GERENCIAMENTO DE PROJETOS: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL BRASILEIRA COM APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO PRADO-MMGP
Authors: Gomes Kathiane Galdino Maia , Raposo Carolina Guimarães , Ceolin Alessandra Carla , Cabral Romilson Marques , Paulo Felipe Luiz Lima de
Published: September 2023

O Gerenciamento de Projetos (GP) é um elemento indispensável para o sucesso das organizações na atualidade. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o nível de maturidade em GP em um instituto de pesquisa e inovação de uma universidade federal brasileira, utilizando o Modelo de Maturidade em Gerenciamento de Projetos (Prado-MMGP). O modelo propõe 40 questões que permitem verificar o desempenho de um setor em diferentes níveis e dimensões de maturidade. A pesquisa dá-se por meio de um estudo de caso de natureza quantitativa, com aplicação de questionário aos cinco gestores do instituto, dos quais dois foram respondentes. As pontuações de Avaliação Final da Maturidade (AFM) obtidas pelos dois segmentos do instituto analisado revelam maturidade regular e boa, estando acima da média verificada entre organizações públicas brasileiras em geral e organizações ligadas à educação. Os resultados quanto à aderência aos níveis e às dimensões de maturidade também foram considerados satisfatórios.
First steps towards a holistic impact assessment methodology for connected and automated vehicles
Authors: Cleij Diane , Weijermars Wendy , Elvik Rune
Published: September 2023

Connected and automated vehicles have become more common in recent years, increasing the need to assess their societal level impacts. In this paper a methodology is presented to explore and define these impacts as a starting point for quantitative impact assessment. The many interrelations between impacts increases the complexity of obtaining a complete overview. Therefore, a structured approach is used, which shows many similarities with the modelling of causal-loop-diagrams. Feedback loops between impacts are taken into account at an early stage and both literature review and expert interviews are used to produce a holistic overview of impacts. The methodology was developed and applied in the European H2020 project LEVITATE. The impact taxonomy and interrelations between impacts resulting from this project are presented and further steps needed to perform a quantitative evaluation of the impacts are discussed.
Enhancing research culture through PhD training: a systems approach to identifying leverage points for policy formation
Authors: Martin Rebecca , Nasir Nazia , Carusi Annamaria
Published: September 2023

This article examines the role of PhD training programmes in identifying and implementing positive interventions in research culture in the biosciences. Using a data set consisting of transcripts from interviews and group discussions with 179 participants from 18 of the current 23 (78%) UK-based Wellcome-funded PhD programmes, we apply a systems theory methodology to the system of higher education and PhD training. Using system mapping as an investigative tool, this approach identifies points of leverage within the system where policy interventions might be best targeted to affect changes to research culture in the global higher education sector. The results of this investigation highlight the student-supervisor relationship as a nexus for these interventions and recommends the programme structure as a global policy for PhD training.
Analysis of the Hopf bifurcation in a Diffusive Gierer-Meinhardt Model
Authors: Asheghi Rasoul
Published: September 2023

In this work, we consider an activator-inhibitor system, known as the Gierer-Meinhardt model.
Using the linear stability analysis at the unique positive equilibrium, we derive the conditions of the Hopf bifurcation.
We compute the normal form of this bifurcation up to the third degree and obtain the direction of the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, we provide numerical simulations to illustrate the theoretical results of this paper.
In this study, we will use the technique of normal form and center manifold theorem.
A note on positive solutions of Lichnerowicz equations involving the $\Delta_\lambda$-Laplacian
Authors: Duong Anh Tuan , Nguyen Thi Quynh
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we are concerned with the parabolic Lichnerowicz equation involving the $\Delta_\lambda$-Laplacian
$$
v_t-\Delta_\lambda v=v^{-p-2}-v^p,\quad v> 0, \quad
\mbox{ in }\mathbb R^N\times\mathbb R,
$$
where $p> 0$ and $\Delta_\lambda$ is a sub-elliptic operator of the form
$$
\Delta_\lambda=\sum_{i=1}^N\partial_{x_i}\big(\lambda_i^2\partial_{x_i}\big).
$$
Under some general assumptions of $\lambda_i$ introduced by A.E. Kogoj
and E. Lanconelli in Nonlinear Anal. {\bf 75} (2012), no.\ 12, 4637-4649,
we shall prove a uniform lower bound of positive
solutions of the equation provided that $p> 0$. Moreover, in the case $p> 1$,
we shall show that the equation has only the trivial solution $v=1$.
As a consequence, when $v$ is independent of the time variable, we obtain the similar results for the elliptic Lichnerowicz equation involving
the $\Delta_\lambda$-Laplacian
$$
-\Delta_\lambda u=u^{-p-2}-u^p,\quad u> 0,\quad \mbox{in }\mathbb R^N.
$$
Temporal Bin Packing with Half-Capacity Jobs
Authors: Muir Christopher , Marshall Luke , Toriello Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Motivated by applications in cloud computing, we study a temporal bin packing problem with jobs that occupy half of a bin’s capacity. An instance is given by a set of jobs, each with a start and end time during which it must be processed (i.e., assigned to a bin). A bin can accommodate two jobs simultaneously, and the objective is an assignment that minimizes the time-averaged number of open or active bins over the horizon; this problem is known to be NP hard. We demonstrate that a well-known “static” lower bound may have a significant gap even in relatively simple instances, which motivates us to introduce a novel combinatorial lower bound and an integer programming formulation, both based on an interpretation of the model as a series of connected matching problems. We theoretically compare the static bound, the new matching-based bounds, and various linear programming bounds. We perform a computational study using both synthetic and application-based instances and show that our bounds offer significant improvement over existing methods, particularly for sparse instances.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grants CMMI-1552479 and NSF GRFP].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoo.2023.0002 .
Hospital-Wide Inpatient Flow Optimization
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , Pauphilet Jean
Published: September 2023

An ideal that supports quality and delivery of care is to have hospital operations that are coordinated and optimized across all services in real time. As a step toward this goal, we propose a multistage adaptive robust optimization approach combined with machine learning techniques. Informed by data and predictions, our framework unifies the bed assignment process across the entire hospital and accounts for present and future inpatient flows, discharges, and bed requests from the emergency department, scheduled surgeries and admissions, and outside transfers. We evaluate our approach through simulations calibrated on historical data from a large academic medical center. For the 600-bed institution, our optimization model was solved in seconds and reduced off-service placement by 24% on average and boarding delays in the emergency department and postanesthesia units by 35% and 18%, respectively. We also illustrate the benefit of using adaptive linear decision rules instead of static assignment decisions.

This paper was accepted by Carri Chan, healthcare management.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4933 .
Relationships between supermarkets and food charities in reducing food insecurity: lessons learned
Authors: Kennedy Kelli , Snell Carolyn
Published: September 2023

Over the past decade there has been a growth of UK food charity and in turn the growth of supermarkets’ partnerships with food charities; this policy and practice paper explores these relationships, based on our findings from the 2021 project, ‘Supermarket corporate social responsibility schemes: working towards ethical schemes promoting food security’. We review the project’s findings, present practical recommendations, and identify lessons that can be applied to the current cost of living crisis.
Coherent control of the photonic spin Hall effect by Er3+ ion concentration in an Er3+-doped YAG crystal
Authors: Chen Tong-Zhen , He Yu-Qian , Shi Zhen-Yu , Ai Le , Shui Tao , Yang Wen-Xing , uddin Zia
Published: September 2023

We theoretically investigate the effect of doped Er3+ ion concentration on the spin Hall effect (SHE) of light reflected from a Kretschmann-Raether (K-R) structure. In such a structure, an Er3+-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal acts as the substrate. The excitation of surface plasmon resonance(SPR) leads to the enhancement of the spin splitting of the reflected beam in the resonance reflection dip. Due to the variation of electric dipole moment and energy level lifetime induced by Er3+ ion concentration, the spin-dependent transverse shift is sensitively dependent upon Er3+ ion concentration. Furthermore, under different concentrations of Er3+ ion, the intensity and detuning of the control field have different effects on the magnitude, sign and position of the transverse shift. More importantly, the photonic SHE can be significantly enhanced via choosing the suitable values of the control intensity and detuning at 15% Er3+ ion concentration. Therefore, our scheme may provide a basis for selecting suitable Er3+ ion concentration to enhance the SHE of light in future integrated systems.
Enhanced hole injection in Ga-polar 290 nm AlGaN-based DUV LEDs with a p-n junction hole accelerator
Authors: Tian Wentao , Liu Mengran , Li Shuti , Liu Chao
Published: September 2023

The limited kinetic energy of holes in AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet
light-emitting diodes (DUV LEDs) poses a challenge in their
transportation into the active region across the Al-rich electron
blocking layer (EBL) and significantly restricts the electrical and
optical performance of DUV LEDs. In this work, we propose a hole
accelerator structure composing a
p-AlxGa1-xN/n-AlxGa1-xN
junction to improve the hole injection efficiency and explore the
mechanism behind the enhanced performance with the Advanced Physical
Models of Semiconductor Devices software (APSYS). The built-in
electric field of the p-n junction distributes along the [000-1]
direction, which can enhance the hole drift velocity and improve the
hole injection into the active region. Moreover, with an optimum Al
composition of 50%, [000-1] oriented polarization-induced
electric field can be generated at the vicinity of both the
p-EBL/accelerator and accelerator/hole supplier interfaces, which
further boosts the holes into the active region. Besides, the original
steep barrier for holes at the EBL/hole supplier interface can be
splited into a two-step barrier which is more favorable for hole
transportation. As a result, an enhanced optical power by 49.4%
and alleviated efficiency droop by 76.3% can be achieved with
the proposed p-n junction-based hole accelerator. The results can pave
the way for AlGaN-based DUV LEDs towards high-power and
high-efficiency applications.
Integrating multimodal and multiscale connectivity blueprints of the human cerebral cortex in health and disease
Authors: Hansen Justine Y. , Shafiei Golia , Voigt Katharina , Liang Emma X. , Cox Sylvia M. L. , Leyton Marco , Jamadar Sharna D. , Misic Bratislav
Published: September 2023

The brain is composed of disparate neural populations that communicate and interact with one another. Although fiber bundles, similarities in molecular architecture, and synchronized neural activity all reflect how brain regions potentially interact with one another, a comprehensive study of how all these interregional relationships jointly reflect brain structure and function remains missing. Here, we systematically integrate 7 multimodal, multiscale types of interregional similarity (“connectivity modes”) derived from gene expression, neurotransmitter receptor density, cellular morphology, glucose metabolism, haemodynamic activity, and electrophysiology in humans. We first show that for all connectivity modes, feature similarity decreases with distance and increases when regions are structurally connected. Next, we show that connectivity modes exhibit unique and diverse connection patterns, hub profiles, spatial gradients, and modular organization. Throughout, we observe a consistent primacy of molecular connectivity modes—namely correlated gene expression and receptor similarity—that map onto multiple phenomena, including the rich club and patterns of abnormal cortical thickness across 13 neurological, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, to construct a single multimodal wiring map of the human cortex, we fuse all 7 connectivity modes and show that the fused network maps onto major organizational features of the cortex including structural connectivity, intrinsic functional networks, and cytoarchitectonic classes. Altogether, this work contributes to the integrative study of interregional relationships in the human cerebral cortex.
Measuring uncertainty in human visual segmentation
Authors: Vacher Jonathan , Launay Claire , Mamassian Pascal , Coen-Cagli Ruben
Published: September 2023

Segmenting visual stimuli into distinct groups of features and visual objects is central to visual function. Classical psychophysical methods have helped uncover many rules of human perceptual segmentation, and recent progress in machine learning has produced successful algorithms. Yet, the computational logic of human segmentation remains unclear, partially because we lack well-controlled paradigms to measure perceptual segmentation maps and compare models quantitatively. Here we propose a new, integrated approach: given an image, we measure multiple pixel-based same–different judgments and perform model–based reconstruction of the underlying segmentation map. The reconstruction is robust to several experimental manipulations and captures the variability of individual participants. We demonstrate the validity of the approach on human segmentation of natural images and composite textures. We show that image uncertainty affects measured human variability, and it influences how participants weigh different visual features. Because any putative segmentation algorithm can be inserted to perform the reconstruction, our paradigm affords quantitative tests of theories of perception as well as new benchmarks for segmentation algorithms.
Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing
Authors: Dillman Carpentier Francesca R. , Stoltze Fernanda Mediano , Popkin Barry M.
Published: September 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) have released a new guideline, “Policies to protect children from the harmful impact of food marketing” [1] which recommends the development of comprehensive laws to reduce children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing. This new guideline extends previous recommendations [2] to limit the adverse effects of unhealthy food marketing on the health of the world’s children. We consider here whether these new recommendations go far enough.
Pumping machine fault diagnosis based on fused RDC-RBF
Authors: Li Bowen , Raja S. Selvakumar , Li Jiajun , Yao Zejun , Song Wenguang , Li Haoyuan
Published: September 2023

At present, the fault diagnosis of pumping units in major oil fields in China is time-consuming and inefficient, and there is no universal problem for high requirements of hardware resources. In this study, a fault fusion diagnosis method of pumping unit based on improved Fourier descriptor (IDF) and rapid density clustering RBF (RDC-RBF) neural network is proposed. Firstly, the minimum inertia axis of the center of gravity of the indicator diagram is obtained. The farthest point of the intersection of the inertial axis and the contour is determined as the starting point. Then Fourier transform is performed on the contour boundary of the graph to obtain the feature vector. Then, combining with the idea of fast density clustering algorithm, the number of hidden layer neurons of RBF is determined by finding the point with the highest density and using it as the hidden layer neuron. At the same time, the characteristics of Gaussian function are introduced to ensure the activity of hidden layer neurons. Finally, through dynamic adaptive cuckoo search (DACS), the step size is automatically adjusted according to the convergence speed of the objective function of RBF, and the efficiency and accuracy of RBF in different search stages are balanced. The optimal parameters such as the width and weight of RBF are determined, and the optimal RDC-RBF fault diagnosis model is established. The model is applied to the diagnosis of different fault types of pumping units, and compared with the current mainstream models. The average detection accuracy of the fusion RDC-RBF fault diagnosis method proposed in this paper reaches 96.3%. The measured results have high accuracy and short time. At the same time, this method is currently applied to oil production sites such as Shengli Oilfield in China, which greatly reduces the human resources required for fault diagnosis of pumping units in the past.
Mito e drama: Teatro clássico no seu tempo e no nosso
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima , Pereira Susana Marques , Faria Rui Tavares de
Published: September 2023

Este título reúne um conjunto de textos, agrupados em duas secções: uma Parte 1, focada ainda nos velhos mitos e na sua expressão no teatro antigo, trágico e cómico, e uma Parte 2, que percorre uma variedade de reescritas, dispersas pelas várias literaturas em debate. Além de regressar à análise específica de alguns mitos e temas clássicos, expande um conjunto de estudos sobre reescritas sobretudo contemporâneas, dispersas por diferentes literaturas do mundo latino, enquadradas em contextos históricos específicos que as explicam e justificam.
Serological survey of immunoglobulin G from Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy goats in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fatmawati Mira , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Mufasirin Mufasirin , Fong Sulinawati , Valinata Sisca , Subekti Didik Tulus , Ekawasti Fitrine , Awad Hana A. Ali
Published: September 2023

Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii infection is a significant issue of veterinary public health because it is potentially transmitted through goat milk. Therefore, the use of control measures and routine monitoring of toxoplasmosis in dairy goats is necessary. Serological analysis using antibodies can detect T. gondii infection. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of T. gondii in dairy goats using antibody detection and risk factor identification.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We performed a serological analysis of T. gondii infection in dairy goats to evaluate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis. Random sampling was performed, including 132 lactating dairy goats. Toxoplasma-modified agglutination test was used as a serological test for immunoglobulin G with a sensitivity of 98.55%, specificity of 86.21%, and accuracy of 94.9%. A structured questionnaire was used to collect risk factor data, which were analyzed using the Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. The statistical package for the social sciences v. 21 was used for statistical analyses.

Results: The seroprevalence of T. gondii in Malang and Lumajang Regency was 100% and 90.7%, respectively. A significant difference in prevalence of T. gondii was observed between the two districts. Livestock management practices that significantly influenced T. gondii seroprevalence included water sources (p < 0.05; relative risk [RR] = 1.151; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.044-1.269). Farmers’ characteristics that significantly influenced T. gondii seroprevalence included education (p < 0.05; RR = 1.125; 95% CI: 1.037-1.221), main occupation (p < 0.05; RR = 1.118; 95% CI: 1.035- 1.207), and position in the organization of dairy goats farmers (p < 0.05; RR = 1.141; 95% CI: 1.022-1.274).

Conclusion: In East Java, the prevalence of T. gondii in dairy goats is high. This study provides detailed information regarding risk factors associated with T. gondii seroprevalence in dairy goats in East Java, Indonesia.

Keywords: dairy goats, risk factor, seroprevalence, toxoplasma modified agglutination test.
Tinidazole versus Ornidazole in Amebic Dysentery in Children (a double blind trial)
Authors: Panggabean Amer , Sutjipto Adi , Aldy Dachrul , Sutanto A. H. , Siregar Helena
Published: September 2023

Between January and June 1978, a double blind trial was conducted in 3.5 children, suffering from  Amebic Dysentery in the OPD of the General Hospital Medan.

The children were treated ambulatory, either with Tinidazole or Ornidazole, with a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight/day for 3 consecutive days, under close supervision. All the children, except on in the Tinidazole group (case no. 20), gave excellent responses.

Disappearance of ameba's blood and mucus from the stools occurred in all of the patients after 2 days of treatment. There was no significant difference in the results of treatment with Tinidazole and Ornidazole (p>0.05). Side effects were minimal. Marked vomiting occurred in one patirnt of the Ornidazole group.
Quantitative Comparison of Vertebral Structural Changes After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Between Unilateral Extrapedicular Approach and Bilateral Transpedicular Approach Using Voxel-Based Morphometry
Authors: Kim Tae , Park Jinah , Cho Jihoon , Yi Jin Seok , Lee Hong-Jae
Published: September 2023

Objective: To compare unilateral extrapedicular vertebroplasty (UEV) and bilateral transpedicular vertebroplasty (BTV) by quantitatively calculating the structural changes of fractured vertebral body after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) using 3-dimensional voxel-based morphometry (VBM).Methods: We calculated bone cement volume (BCV); vertebral body volume (VBV); leaked intradiscal BCV; and spatial, symmetric, and even bone cement distribution (BCD) in and out of 222 vertebral bodies treated with 2 different PVPs using VBM and evaluated the incidence of subsequent vertebral compression fracture (SVCF). Statistical analyses were conducted to compare values between the 2 different PVPs.Results: Relative BCV, which is a potential risk factor for SVCF, was higher in the BTV group based on the data using VBM (0.22±0.03 vs. 0.29±0.03; p<0.001, t-test); however, the SVCF incidence between the 2 surgeries was not significantly different (UEV, 24.7%; BTV, 31%; p=0.046, chi-square test). Spatial, even, and symmetric BCD along the 3 axes was not significantly different between UEV and BTV using VBM (x, y, z-axis, p=0.893, p= 0.590, p=0.908 respectively, chi-square test).Conclusion: Contrary to intuitive concerns, UEV can inject a sufficient and more optimal BCV than BTV. Additionally, it can inject bone cement spatially, symmetrically, and evenly well-distributed without an increased rate of intradiscal leakage and SVCF compared with BTV based on VBM. Therefore, UEV could be a superior alternative surgical method with similar clinical effectiveness and safety, considering the above results and the consensus that UEV is less invasive.
Access to Justice for Illiterate Women in the Southern Char Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Md Emran
Published: September 2023

This ground-breaking study reveals the formidable challenges that illiterate women face in accessing justice in Bangladesh's southern char areas. This study identified vital impediments to justice access through focused discussions in Char Montaj, Char Biswas, and Char Kajal: illiteracy, legal ignorance, perplexing court procedures, economic hardships, communication issues, superstitions, religious influences, and unclear complaint processes. This research emphasizes the critical need for focused interventions, calling for customized legal literacy programs, streamlined court procedures, economic assistance, enhanced infrastructure, and community awareness campaigns. These findings point to equal justice for a disadvantaged community, which aligns with SDG 16.
From Traditional Trade to E-Commerce: Case Analysis on Empowerment of Conventional Market Traders in Yogyakarta
Authors: Muslim Aziz
Published: September 2023

Conventional markets have increasingly marginalized in the modernization era from consumers, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and have affected the decreasing traders' income. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the efforts to empower conventional market traders in increasing their income through the development of an e-commerce transaction system. A qualitative approach was used with data collection techniques, such as interviews and observations, while the data were analyzed by interactive technique. According to the results, the development of an e-commerce transaction system in conventional markets was conducted with a strategy of assessing market potential, socializing e-commerce concepts, and training on website management. At the implementation level, two factors behind the success of this program were the role of universities and financial support from the local government. Furthermore, the inhibiting factors include the social motivation of consumers in shopping and the cost of shipping goods. The efforts to develop an e-commerce transaction system was ineffective in increasing traders' income, while the loyalty of consumers who continue to shop at the market can contribute to the increase in income.
Opportunities for Russian-Chinese Cooperation in the Far Eastern Forest Complex in the Current Crisis Conditions
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Antonova Natalia
Published: September 2023

The material was prepared on the basis of the author’s speech at the XII International Conference «Forest Resources Protection and Rational Use», held in Heihe (Heilongjiang Province, China), organized jointly by the Far Eastern State Agrarian University (Blagoveshchensk, Russia) and Chinese partners – the People’s Government of Heihe City District, Heilongjiang Provincial Forestry and Steppe Department, Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Science and Technology. The situation in the forest complex of the Russian Far East, under the influence of internal and external shocks, as well as the measures of its state support, has been studied. The place and role of China in timber exports of the Far Eastern Federal District are analyzed, the forms of Russian-Chinese trade and investment cooperation and their impact on the future development of the forest complex are considered
Temporal Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Authors: Padmini Yenda , Rao M Sreenivasa , Gara Raja Rao
Published: September 2023

Land use and land cover change (LULCC) has become a significant global concern due to its wide-ranging environmental, social and economic impacts. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key ideas, drivers, consequences and approaches to studying LULCC. By synthesizing various research articles, this review offers insights into the causes and impacts of LULCC, as well as the methods used to analyze and monitor these changes. The review also highlights the importance of understanding LULCC dynamics for sustainable land management and policy making. Between 2017 and 2022, the LULC categories underwent several changes. Data acquisition process for satellite imagery combining Sentinel-2 digital remote sensing data digital remote sensing data through the Copernicus Open Access Hub. The spectral resolution is 10, 20, and 30 meters respectively, while the spatial resolution is 10 meters which was used for the LULC analysis of the study area. This analysis underscores the importance of LULCC monitoring to inform sustainable land management practices and conservation efforts. The trends identified provide a basis for further investigation into the underlying drivers of these changes and their potential impacts on ecosystems, water resources and human well-being. Continued monitoring and proactive measures are essential to mitigate adverse impacts and promote sustainable land use in the future.
Demokrasi ve Popülizm Uyuşmazlığı Bakımından Militan Demokrasi Kavramı
Authors: Karadut İsmail Cem
Published: September 2023

Meşruiyet kaynağını halktan alan ve klasik Lincoln formülünde özetlendiği üzere “halkın, halk
tarafından, halk için yönetimi” olan demokrasi, kuşkusuz en istenir ve ‘popüler’ yönetim biçimidir.
Keza halkı öne çıkaran popülizm ise, demokratik yolları ve araçları kullanmakla birlikte, antidemokratikliği kabul edilen bir siyaset tarzı, bir ideoloji ya da siyasal bir stratejidir. Popülizmin ne
olduğu ya da nasıl tanımlanması gerektiği hakkında çokça tartışma ve yaklaşım varken, onun ne
olmadığı konusunda böylesi bir tartışma bulunmamaktadır zira popülizm kendisini halkın tek ve
gerçek temsilcisi görmesi nedeniyle demokrasinin en önemli varlık koşullarından olan çoğulculuğa
açıkça karşıdır. Temsili siyaseti fazlasıyla karmaşık ve akıl bulandırıcı, kendisini basit ve dolaysız
gören popülizm(ler) yine de “gönülsüz bir biçimde siyasaldır” ve demokratik düzen(ler)in getirdiği
olanaklardan faydalanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilkin demokrasi ve popülizm arasındaki sorunlu ilişki,
ikinci olarak faşizm ve popülizm arasındaki soykütüksel bağ(lantı)lar ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü olarak
ise, 1930’ların faşizmine karşı bir önlem olarak ortaya atılan militan demokrasinin “ıslah edilmiş
faşizm” ve “yozlaşmış demokrasi” şeklinde de ‘teşhis’ edilen güncel popülizme karşı bir kuramsal ve
kılgısal bir tedbir olarak düşünülüp düşünülemeyeceği ilgili literatürün taranması yöntemiyle ve güçlü
demokrasi, anti-popülizm ve sağ popülizme karşı sol popülizm gibi kavramsallaştırmalar da dikkate
alınarak tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, popülizmin nasıl kavrandığı ve tanımlandığı onun demokrasi
karşısındaki duruşuyla beraber demokratik kurallar içerisinde ona karşı kullanılan demokratik araçları
ve mücadeleyi de biçimlendirmektedir. Ek olarak, bu iki kavram arasındaki ilişkileri ve etkileşimleri
belirleyen diğer bir faktör, içinde bulunulan tarihsel çağdaki siyasal toplu durumdur. Denilebilir ki,
21. yüzyılın dünyası, 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra ortaya çıkan, demokrasiye ve demokratik
rejimlere yönelik duyulan iyimserliğe sahip değildir; bu yüzden demokrasiyi anti demokratik ve aşırılık
yanlısı hareketlere karşı, demokratik sınırlar dahilinde ve yine demokrasi adına koruma hassasiyeti
artmaktadır.
Teknolojik Soğuk Savaş: ABD-Çin Rekabetinin Dijital Merkantilizm Üzerinden Analizi
Authors: Kalkan Küçüksolak Övgü
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma dijital standartların belirlenmesi sürecinde yaşanan Çin-ABD rekabetini tarafların uyguladıkları dijital merkantilist politikalar üzerinden incelemektedir. Teknoloji unsuru uluslararası ilişkiler literatüründe sıklıkla dışsal bir faktör olarak ele alınmaktaysa da sistemik teknolojilerin güç dağılımında ciddi bir rol oynadıkları görülmektedir. Sistemik teknolojiler yalnızca teknolojiye sahip olunması anlamında değil standartların belirlenmesi sürecinde de büyük güçlerin mücadelesine sahne olmaktadır. Günümüzün güçler mücadelesi çerçevesinde hem Çin'in hem de ABD'nin dijital politikalarını merkantilist bir anlayışla şekillendirdikleri ve bu doğrultuda ulusal dijital endüstrileri ile korumacı politikalara birincil rol atfettikleri görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, her iki gücün dijital politika unsurları ortaya koydukları stratejileri, tekno-politik güç unsurları, korumacı önlemleri ve uluslararası girişimleri kapsamında incelenmektedir. ABD'nin uluslararası sistemdeki liderlik rolünü koruma, Çin'in de etki alanını genişletme saikleriyle standartların şekillendirilmesi sürecindeki politikalarına yön verdikleri gözlenmektedir. Paydaşlık anlayışına dayanan bir küresel yönetişime ihtiyaç duyulan süreçte dijital merkantilist politika uygulamalarının ve paktların ortaya çıkması, söz konusu politikaların teknolojik bir soğuk savaşa yol açıp açmayacağı sorularını sordurmaktadır. Devletlerarası ilişkilerin ötesine geçen ve küresel toplumu yakından ilgilendiren bu konuda Çin-ABD rekabetinin incelenmesi uluslararası sistemin geleceğinin anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Access structures determined by uniform polymatroids
Authors: Kawa Renata , Kula Mieczysław
Published: September 2023

In this article, all multipartite access structures obtained from uniform integer polymatroids were investigated using the method developed by Farràs, Martí-Farré, and Padró. They are matroid ports, i.e., they satisfy the necessary condition to be ideal. Moreover, each uniform integer polymatroid defines some ideal access structures. Some objects in this family can be useful for the applications of secret sharing. The method presented in this article is universal and can be continued with other classes of polymatroids in further similar studies. Here, we are especially interested in hierarchy of participants determined by the access structure, and we distinguish two main classes: they are compartmented and hierarchical access structures. The main results obtained for access structures determined by uniform integer polymatroids and a monotone increasing family

Δ

\Delta

can be summarized as follows. If the increment sequence of the polymatroid is non-constant, then the access structure is connected. If

Δ

\Delta

does not contain any singletons or the height of the polymatroid is maximal and its increment sequence is not constant starting from the second element, then the access structure is compartmented. If

Δ

\Delta

is generated by a singleton or the increment sequence of the polymatroid is constant starting from the second element, then the obtained access structures are hierarchical. They are proven to be ideal, and their hierarchical orders are completely determined. Moreover, if the increment sequence of the polymatroid is constant and

∣
Δ
∣
>
1

| \Delta | \gt 1

, then the hierarchical order is not antisymmetric, i.e., some different blocks are equivalent. The hierarchical order of access structures obtained from uniform integer polymatroids is always flat, that is, every hierarchy chain has at most two elements.
Assessment of pubertal onset and disorders of puberty in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes
Authors: Oza Chirantap , Antani Misha , More Chidvilas , Mondkar Shruti , Khadilkar Vaman , Gondhalekar Ketan , Khadilkar Anuradha
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Disorders of pubertal development are enlisted as associated conditions in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes (T1D). We conducted this study with objective (1) To estimate the median age at onset of puberty and luteinizing hormone (LH) and sex-steroid concentrations in Indian adolescents with T1D and (2) To assess the impact of puberty on glycemic control and insulin resistance (IR).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 399 children and youth aged 6–23 years with T1D. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and pelvic ultrasound data were collected using standard protocols. IR was calculated using estimated glucose disposal rate and puberty was assessed using Tanner staging.

Results

Median age at onset of thelarche, pubarche and menarche were 11.3, 11.4 and 12.8 years in girls and that of gonadarche and pubarche were 10.6 and 12.7 years for boys. The mean LH and sex-steroid concentrations of subjects with T1D were similar to healthy subjects at each stage of puberty. The cut-offs of LH and sex-steroids derived from healthy Indian children yielded high sensitivity and specificity in determining pubertal onset. The prevalence of precocity, delayed puberty, ovarian cysts and polycystic ovaries was 0.9 , 5.1, 5.1 and 8.6 %, respectively. Glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity was poor in pubertal subjects.

Conclusions

The age at onset of puberty, LH, and sex-steroid concentrations in subjects with T1D were like otherwise healthy Indian children with poor glycemic control and IR in pubertal subjects. Although most complications of T1D are associated with poor glycemic control, pubertal disorders were significantly low despite the less-than-optimal glycemic control.
Wavelength multiplexing infrared metasurfaces for protein recognition and trace detection
Authors: Dong Shiqing , Dong Chao , Shen Kesheng , Zheng Yun , Sun Jie , Zhen Cheng , Hu Haiyang , Zhang Feng , Zhang Zhe , Liu Hongchao , Lu Hai
Published: September 2023

Infrared metasurfaces have exhibited exceptional optical properties that differ from naturally occurring metallic and dielectric nanostructure, enabling non-destructive and label-free sensing in a broadband region. However, implementing wavelength multiplexing sensors in broadband infrared has faced significant challenges. These challenges arise from the difficulty in efficiently exciting high Q resonances at specific wavelengths and the inability to individually tune each resonance. Herein, we present a dual resonant metasurface that utilizes a metal–dielectric–metal plasmonic grating and a dielectric–metal channel. By adjusting the vertical and horizontal structures of metasurface, we can independently modify the spectrum of the metasurface in the near-infrared and mid-infrared regions. This broadband infrared metasurface exhibits robust spectral regulation, enabling a polarization-dependent strategy for the dual-resonance. It offers a competitive advantage over traditional metallic nanostructure in refractive index sensing at the second near-infrared window and ultrasensitive vibrational spectroscopy in mid-infrared. Specifically, our proposed metasurface achieves protein concentration sensing and dynamic monitoring of protein concentration in the infrared two-zone. Additionally, it enhances the mid-infrared absorption of amide II with a high Q resonance. The metasurface which combines wavelength multiplexing and polarization dependent switch for protein recognition and trace detection, presents a novel approach for developing high-performance sensors and Integrated photonics sensors in the broadband infrared region.
Using guaiacol as a capping agent in the hydrothermal depolymerisation of kraft lignin
Authors: Ahlbom Anders , Maschietti Marco , Nielsen Rudi , Hasani Merima , Theliander Hans
Published: September 2023

The depolymerisation of softwood kraft lignin was investigated, under hydrothermal conditions at 290 °C and 250 bar, with guaiacol in the reactor feed to evaluate its impact on the formation of char and on the molecular weights of the products. The effect of residence time was investigated in the time span 1–12 min. Lignin is depolymerised during the process and guaiacol is both formed and consumed during the reaction, with clearly noticeable changes as early as in the first minute of reaction. Although the addition of guaiacol in the reactor feed causes a reduction in the weight average molecular weight of the products, the yield of char increases. Longer residence times result in repolymerisation of the reaction products as well as a further increase in the yield of monoaromatic components and char.
A múzeumok változó szerepei a felnőtt tanulók készségeinek formálásában – Trendek és kérdések a készségek európai évében (European Year of Skills 2023)
Authors: Németh Balázs
Published: September 2023

Ez a rövid írás azt mutatja be, hogy a felnőttek tanulásának aktuális trendje és kérdései rámutatnak a felnőttek tanulását ösztönző múzeumi szerepek változásaira, különös tekintettel a készségek fejlesztésére irányuló tanulási programok és szolgáltatások szerepére.

Noha a Készségek Európai Éve programjait főleg a foglalkoztatási célú készségfejlesztés szemlélete uralja, mégis a Szociális Jogok Európai Pillérének üzenetei alapján a felnőttek tanulását fejlesztő szakembereknek fel kell hívniuk a figyelmet arra, hogy a társadalmi integráció és beilleszkedés abban az esetben lehet sikeres az egyén számára, amennyiben a folyamatos, tehát életen át tartó tanulás révén erősödhetnek és megújulhatnak úgy az alapkészségek, mint az ún. soft skill-ek, melyek fejlesztésében a múzeumok lényeges szerepet játszanak. E folyamat sikere pedig attól függ, hogy a tanulási részvételt támogató hatékony módszerek milyen módon járulnak hozzá a transzformatív, a megtapasztalásra és együttműködésre építő tanuláshoz reflektív környezetben.

A múzeumi lifelong learning sokfélesége érzékelteti, hogy a felnőttek tanulásának hatékonysága és szükséglet-orientáltsága összefügg intergenerációs és interkulturális összefüggésekkel, melyek kiegészülnek a digitális és technológiai kihívások, a COVID-pandémia, valamint a globalizáció és a válságok okozta nehézségekkel. Mindezek alapján jelezzük, hogy a múzeumok négy irányban formálják szerepüket:

felelős a társadalmi és közösségi véleményformálóként folyamatokban részt vesz a befogadás, aktív és demokratikus állampolgárság és a méltányos magatartás megjelenítésében;

karakteres kulturális szereplőként és véleményformálóként hozzájárul a kreatív, a sokféleségre épülő, ugyanakkor az identitásra és a kritikus gondolkodásra egyaránt építő felfogások formálásához;

oktatási szereplőkként erősítik a hatékony tudás- és készség-megosztást a múzeumi lifelong learning sokféleségével akár személyes részvételre, akár virtuális együttműködésekre építve;

a fenntarthatóságot szem előtt tartó és azt képviselő tudatos véleményformálóként rámutatnak a környezeti érzékenyítés, a szolidaritás témájára orientáló és a felnőtteket cselekvéssel jobb helyzetbe hozó tanulások szerepére;

Ezen felelősséget is magában hordozó irányok erősíthetik azt a célt, hogy a múzeumok, melyek egyébként is összekapcsolják a felnőttek tanulásában a részvétel és a teljesítmény kérdéseit a kollaboratív és a párbeszédre, dialógusra építő tanuló-központú felfogással, eredményesen járulhassanak hozzá a felnőttek készségeinek, továbbá aktív állampolgárként felelősségeik gyakorlásának igényéhez. Ennek alapján a múzeumok értékes közösségi felnőtt-tanulási térként részt vehetnek a társadalom és a környezet tudatos, fenntartható formálásában.
Racismo estrutural e carreiras jurídicas públicas no Brasil
Authors: Eremites de Oliveira Jorge , Oumar Diallo Alfa
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo consta um estudo sobre as relações entre o racismo estrutural, especialmente o racismo institucional, e as carreiras jurídicas públicas no Brasil, particularmente no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. A análise apresentada é feita a partir da contextualização histórica do racismo na constituição da sociedade nacional. As barreiras e os obstáculos raciais são criticamente pensados e discutidos para compreender, no tempo presente, as carreiras de magistratura, ministério público, advocacia pública e defensoria pública. As reflexões dos autores apontam que o Judiciário (re) produz a estrutura racista e assimétrica presente nas instituições do Estado e na sociedade brasileira em geral.
As pedras e eu
Authors: Prous André
Published: September 2023

Apresenta-se uma síntese da trajetória do autor em suas pesquisas sobre indústrias líticas: formação na França num momento em que, paralelamente aos estudos tipológicos tradicionais se desenvolviam os estudos tecnológicos. Ao vir para o Brasil, o autor precisou se adaptar às matérias-primas que dominam nas indústrias do país. Resumem-se sucessivamente os estudos realizados sobre as indústrias de quartzo e a técnica bipolar (debitagem sobre bigorna); o estudo sobre suportes de pedra utilizados brutos; os estudos de esculturas do Brasil meridional; a introdução dos estudos de micro traceologia, etc. O artigo termina com reflexões sobre a variabilidade das indústrias e a necessidade de os pesquisadores considerar os contextos locais, se adaptar modelos exteriores quando estes não são adaptados à realidade local.