bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holism in Dealing with Global Problems
Authors: Fowler Charles W. , Hobbs Larry , Rodden Megan
Published: January 2024

To the extent that we humans believe that we can solve our species-level problems with technology, we remain on the path to self-destruction. But there is an alternative; we can see other species like ours as empirical examples of how to be a species—how to participate in ultimate reality. This article exemplifies how holistic information provided systemically by other species can be used. Such information reveals the magnitude of humanity’s challenges and what is needed to address the myriad interrelated global problems, including climate change. Such systemic thinking involves a shift from conceptually extracting things from their context to seeing everything embedded in its context.
Seeing other species as role models for how to participate in ecosystems requires a paradigm different from that prevailing in today’s world. Words often attributed to Albert Einstein put it succinctly: “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.” Following the leads of Gregory Bateson, Thomas Berry, Fritjof Capra, and Albert Einstein, this article implements systemic thinking by using other species as role models. Replacing conventional thinking with systemic thinking leads to holistic approaches to global problems. The solutions to many of these problems, however, may very well have to be accomplished by the forces of nature; such solutions would be both natural and normal.
Population changes in Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) vary spatially in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Bed Bahadur , Bashyal Ashish , Griffith Phoebe
Published: January 2024

Gharials, large crocodilians found only in South Asia, are widely seen as a flagship species for river conservationin Nepal, especially in Chitwan National Park, where a headstart program has supplemented the populationsince 1981. The population has shown signs of recovery only in the last decade, so continued monitoring of populationtrends is vital for conservation. We conducted annual winter population surveys for gharial in Chitwan between 2017and 2022, during which we also characterized riverbank substrate availability and basking preferences. We documentedpotential threats to the species in Chitwan throughout the year. Overall, we counted an increasing number of Gharialsin Chitwan; however mixed-effects modelling of Gharial encounter rate showed that increasing encounters rates are notevenly distributed throughout available habitat, with some river stretches having stable or decreasing trends. Encounterrates on the Rapti River increased in all transects, compared to more variable results on the Narayani River, likelyattributable to higher levels of human disturbance and the impact of captivity on habitat selection. Fewer Gharials wereseen in transects with high levels of disturbance due to sand mining and the extraction of river substrates, highlightingthis threat as a major concern. Regular reports of bycatch in illegal gillnets was the major observed source of mortality.A lack of an increasing population trend in the stretch above a large barrage suggests that recruitment is minimal inthis area, and the dam likely has a negative impact on upstream Gharial recruitment. We cautiously suggest that theChitwan population is recovering, but that recovery is hampered by threats, especially substrate extraction, illegal gillnetfishing, and river fragmentation by a dam.
Análise da abordagem da Educação Ambiental no Programa Município VerdeAzul
Authors: Duarte João Paulo Pereira , Ribas Luiz César
Published: January 2024

A conscientização sobre a importância do meio ambiente na vida das pessoas é efetivamente promovida por meio da Educação Ambiental. Dessa maneira, é crucial que o Estado desempenhe um papel ativo ao oferecer recursos que proporcionem experiências relacionadas a esse campo, visando ampliar a compreensão da população acerca das interconexões ambientais e suas implicações. Nesse contexto, busca-se realizar uma análise qualitativa da diretriz do Programa Município VerdeAzul (PMVA) relacionada à Educação Ambiental. Tal análise se baseia nos principais documentos estaduais e nacionais voltados para essa área, incluindo a Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental (PNEA), o Programa Nacional de Educação Ambiental (ProNEA), o Programa Estadual de Educação Ambiental (PEEA-SP), os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN - 1ª a 4ª séries) e os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN - 5ª a 8ª séries). Conclui-se, de maneira geral, que os critérios estabelecidos pelo PMVA na diretriz referente à Educação Ambiental estão alinhados com os principais programas e políticas ambientais existentes no país. Esse alinhamento representa um avanço significativo e contribui para a padronização das práticas de promoção da Educação Ambiental de maneira legal. Entretanto, é imperativo que o PMVA se mantenha atualizado, acompanhando as demandas contemporâneas. Inicialmente concebido em 2007, o programa respondia aos desafios da época. No entanto, considerando que novas questões e perspectivas surgiram, é fundamental que o programa se adapte a essa realidade em constante evolução. Essa atualização proporcionará um planejamento mais eficaz para os municípios na gestão da Educação Ambiental, promovendo uma abordagem mais condizente com as necessidades e desafios atuais.
Hydrogels in the Treatment of Degenerative Tendinopathy
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Subervier Ortiz Laura , Villanueva-Ibáñez Maricela ,   Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Jaramillo Loranca Blanca Estela ,   Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Bojalil Parra Rafael ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Published: January 2024

Degenerative tendinopathy is a significant health problem, and its incidence increases yearly. This condition causes functional deficits in young and adult patients and sedentary or active individuals, resulting in health, social, and economic consequences. Due to limited blood supply, drug administration is complex for tendon diseases, such as degenerative tendinopathy. Biomaterials, such as hydrogels, have gained significant attention in designing drug delivery systems to treat musculoskeletal pathologies due to their attractive characteristics and the challenges posed by conventional drug delivery routes. This paper provides an overview of tendon pathology and discusses the use of hydrogels as drug carriers and release agents in emerging treatments.
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING IN THE CATEGORICAL FIELD OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Plakhotnik Olga
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the problems of teaching methods in the categorical field of professional training of higher education teachers which testify to the multifaceted scientific directions of the studied concept in the theory and methods of professional pedagogical training of higher education teachers. The dynamics of development of such concepts as "science", "subject", "teaching method", "methodical competence" are directly proportional to the individual content and quality characteristics and opportunities for their use by a high school teacher who is able to ensure the general direction of learning in a particular methodological system. In the methodological system, methods are ways to achieve goals and content, the embodiment of psychological mechanisms of education and training. Focusing on the implementation of various methodological systems opens up the possibility of simplifying the procedure for selecting specific methods and making them more coherent, harmonious and interactive. Methodological systems do not exist in its pure form in real conditions. These are abstract models that are needed to clarify the structure, nature and capabilities of each type of learning. In real learning systems, the selected types and corresponding teaching methods are used in certain combinations and complement each other. There is no and obviously cannot be any universal method or methodical system of teaching. Training is always based on a certain composition of methods taking into account the specific goals, conditions and circumstances of training. The article pays appropriate attention to the issue of methodological competence, the formation of which is embodied through the purposeful development of pedagogical science, methodological literacy, methodological thinking, methodological reflection and methodological culture. A high school teacher can implement his/her own methodological competence, see the degree of its formation and ability to use the acquired competencies, choosing adequate training methods in the process of training during his or her first independent steps in professional activity, during pedagogical practice and in the process of direct participation in educational process of higher educational institutions.
PLANNING AND MONITORING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Poliak Olga
Published: January 2024

The issues of education planning and monitoring in Ukraine during the full-scale invasion of the Russian federation in Ukraine are investigated. The relevance of the research based on the analysis of previous scientific studies, which were mainly focused on terminological and methodological issues of organization and implementation of monitoring, but a broader vision of the role of this procedure in the activities of the educational system as an important part of modern societies and economies has actually not been met. An analysis of the evolution of changes in planning and monitoring in the education system, in particular in the choice of models of planning in the education system, which is based on an in-depth study of the socio-political atmosphere, the identification of the main currents and trends in the field of ideas about the requirements for education and primary professional training, finally the quality of education in the planning has been carried out. It is noted that the nomenclature of planning methods has expanded since the beginning of the XXI century, adding the so-called "heuristic" version, which can claim to be far in time, satisfactory accuracy in predicting not only the linear progress of existing, but also taking the most anticipated discoveries and technological advances in the educational and scientific planning. Proposals to contribute to the effectiveness of both the monitoring itself and the use of the data obtained for the planning and implementation of innovative changes in the higher education sector and the entire national educational-scientific complex in Ukraine have been considered. Namely, it is emphasized that the effectiveness of modern reforms in the quality of education should occur solely on the basis of coherent legislation, the involvement of the public and all administrative structures in the planning and implementation. The success of their application can be seen in many European countries. It is emphasised that the current status of reforms, planning and monitoring in Ukraine's education quality system is directly affected by the martial law after a full-scale invasion by Russia. As a result, forward-looking directions for education reform should take into account the particularly unfavourable conditions in which the whole Ukrainian education system has found itself.
Optimization of the Removal of Hexavalent Chromium Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution by Moringa oleifera Bark-Derived Activated Carbon (MOBAC) Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Acut Evon , Anorico Nova Fe , Acut Dharel
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the removal of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) ions in an aqueous solution using Moringa oleifera bark-derived activated carbon (MOBAC). The adsorption removal of Cr(VI) was systematically investigated as a function of four experimental factors: pH (1-5), contact time (10-90 min), adsorbent dosage (0.020-0.100 g L-1), and temperature (25-45°C) by following a statistical experimental design. A response surface methodology (RSM)-based central composite experimental design was used to establish an empirical model that assessed factors' effects on Cr(VI) ions adsorptive removal. The model was verified and validated and used to predict optimal adsorption removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. At optimized conditions, 99.612 % of 1.5 mg L-1 Cr(VI) ions are removed from the aqueous solution. These optimum condition values include a pH of 2.1, contact time of 62.72 min, adsorbent dosage of 0.065 g L-1, and temperature of 39.8°C. The adsorptive mechanism was assessed by conducting isotherm and kinetic studies. The adsorption process of Cr(VI) ions by MOBAC is described by Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption, and the reaction kinetics is described by pseudo-second order kinetics model. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) adsorption on MOBAC was found to be 4.577 mg g-1 for Cr(VI) ions. The findings support the use of MOBAC in the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous systems.
Learners’ Language Learning Style Preferences, Class Level, Gender, and Using Mobile Apps for EFL Learning Among Tunisian University Students
Authors: Bouzayenne Amani
Published: January 2024

Currently, the utilization of mobile devices and more specifically mobile language applications is a current ongoing tendency. In line with this trend, this study investigated the linkage between language learning style preferences, class level, and gender on the one hand and the use of mobile applications for EFL learning among university students in Tunisia on the other hand. The considered variables were gauged using a Likert-scale response format questionnaire. The subjects were 180 Tunisian university students at the Higher Institute of Management of Gabes aged 19 to 28. Two data analysis procedures were used: namely, the Spearman Rho correlation giving insight into the correlations among the study variables, and the alpha internal consistency coefficient informing about the reliability of its instrument. Based on the study findings, students’ language learning style preferences proved to have a direct bearing on the use of mobile applications for EFL learning. Concerning the link between class level and mobile applications for EFL learning use, no meaningful relationships were registered between these two variables. As regards the correlation between gender and the use of mobile applications for EFL learning, no significant difference was detected between male students and their female counterparts. Through the achieved results, it is recommended that the interrelationship between students' differences and the use of mobile applications for EFL learning is a field of research that merits further scientific exploration to shed more light on the existing literature regarding the use of mobile applications for EFL learning.
Thyroxine replacement by colonic route and absorption kinetics: case report
Authors: Peña-González Ricardo-Raziel , Quiroz-Alvarez Jonathan , Sánchez-Paredes Jocelyn , Juárez-Vanegas Juan-Carlos , Aguilera-Callejas Daniel-Eduardo , Segovia Antonio , Etchegaray-Dondé Agustín , Higuera-Hidalgo Francisco
Published: January 2024

In the literature there are only 2 reports of replacement of thyroid hormones by colonic route. The objective of this study is to present a clinical case where thyroid hormone replacement was performed through the application of enemas with levothyroxine. 78-year-old patient with hypothyroidism is presented who attended to the emergency room with intestinal occlusion, which presented refractory hypothyroidism secondary to intestinal occlusion and she underwent hormone replacement with enemas with levothyroxine. The kinetics of colonic absorption of thyroid hormones takes twice as long to reach the plateau of serum levels with respect to absorption in jejunum and ileum.
Guillermina del Valle Pavón (coord.) (2023). Contrabando y redes de negocios: Hispanoamérica en el comercio global, 1610-1814.
Authors: Reichert Rafał
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen.
La mujer a la moda en la película Bajo el cielo antioqueño (1925): el vestuario como marcador de la distinción social
Authors: Salazar Carreño Robinson
Published: January 2024

Este artículo evidencia las prendas de vestir femeninas de los años veinte en Medellín (Colombia), describiéndolas en la película colombiana Bajo el cielo antioqueño, filme dirigido por Arturo Acevedo en 1925, en la que actuaron y participaron miembros de la elite de la ciudad. El objetivo es estudiar la moda femenina como mecanismo de distinción social a partir de la película seleccionada, en la cual hay una intención de representar a los sectores privilegiados como modernos, capitalistas, urbanos y cosmopolitas, aunque respetuosos de las tradiciones imperantes. Se muestra que la moda es expresión de riqueza y poder de aquellos sectores pudientes y modernos, que mediante el vestido revelaban y legitimaban su posición social frente a los demás, a través de la calidad de los trajes y “el estar a la moda”; siguiendo los cánones de la moda francesa comunicaban la superioridad de clase.
What Are the Gaps in Health and Education That Women Face Throughout Their Lives?
Authors: Bustelo Monserrat , Frisancho Verónica , Viollaz Mariana
Published: January 2024

In recent years, significant progress has been made toward implementing policies and programs to support gender equity in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, large disparities continue to exist between men and women in educational and health outcomes. In the region, girls perform better than boys in soft skills and language at an early age and the school attendance gaps favor women at all levels. However, once in school, male students tend to perform better in mathematics in standardized tests compared to their female peers at age 15, with important implications for womens decisions on their future educational and career paths. At the same time, a large proportion of women in the region still lack access to reproductive technology. The maternal mortality rate remains high and tends to correlate with both low income levels and lack of prenatal care. Also, the rate of teen motherhood (1519 years old) is very high.
Potenciar las habilidades digitales de las microemprendedoras: lecciones del piloto Emprender Conectadas en Chile
Authors: Alarcón Valente , Suaya Agustina , Bustelo Monserrat , Alaimo Veronica , Diestra Diego , Alfaro Claudia
Published: January 2024

En respuesta a la aceleración de la digitalización impulsada por la pandemia de COVID-19, el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, el Ministerio de la Mujer y Equidad de Género de Chile y Laboratoria/Kaudal lanzaron Emprender Conectadas entre 2020 y 2022. Este programa piloto, diseñado para fortalecer las habilidades digitales de las microemprendedoras en Chile, se convirtió en una respuesta esencial al desafío global.
La innovación en agua y saneamiento en América Latina y el Caribe: resultados del Taller de Innovaciones en Agua y Saneamiento en América Latina y el Caribe de la VI Conferencia Latinoamericana de Saneamiento, Cochabamba, Bolivia 2022
Authors: Barreto-Dillon Leonellha
Published: January 2024

Los representantes del sector de agua y saneamiento de los países de América Latina y el Caribe reconocen que las estrategias, las tecnologías y los modelos convencionales no son suficientes para alcanzar las metas y cerrar las brechas en la región, por lo que el desarrollo, la adopción y el escalamiento de innovaciones aparecen como elementos clave para acelerar el acceso y mejorar estos servicios básicos en la región. En efecto, para promover el acceso universal al servicio de abastecimiento de agua y saneamiento asequible, eficiente, de calidad y sostenible en los países latinoamericanos, impulsar la transformación del sector y contribuir al logro del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 6, la innovación se posiciona como una herramienta crucial, ya que permite, entre otras funcionalidades, la co-creación de soluciones sostenibles, útiles y creativas para desafíos concretos. La innovación aporta soluciones en áreas donde existen las mayores brechas de acceso a servicios, y contribuye también a generar empleo y nuevas oportunidades de negocio. En el marco de la VI Conferencia Latinoamericana de Saneamiento (LATINOSAN Bolivia, 2022), que tuvo lugar en Cochabamba, Bolivia, del 12 al 13 de octubre de 2022, se realizó el Taller de Innovaciones en Agua y Saneamiento en América Latina y el Caribe, y la sesión de presentación de resultados, con el propósito de contribuir al posicionamiento de la innovación como herramienta para la transformación del sector de agua y saneamiento. A tal fin, se aportaron evidencias y brindaron recomendaciones sobre cómo activar la innovación en los países de la región, lo que incluyó un rico y participativo proceso preparatorio de varios meses, previo al evento.
Mujeres líderes en el sector público de América Latina y el Caribe: brechas y oportunidades: datos por país
Authors: Naranjo Bautista Sandra , Chudnovsky Mariana , Strazza Luciano , Mosqueira Edgardo , Castañeda Carmen
Published: January 2024

Si bien la presencia de las mujeres en las administraciones públicas de América Latina y el Caribe ha crecido y en ciertos países es alta, han surgido dudas respecto a su presencia en los niveles más altos de la función ejecutiva. Este resumen de un nuevo estudio, basado en amplios datos novedosos, indica que esta presencia sigue siendo limitada y que se concentra en sectores específicos. Resulta fundamental contar con un mayor número de mujeres en posiciones de liderazgo en el sector público, tanto por razones de equidad como por los múltiples beneficios que esto implica para la sociedad. Sin embargo, en los 15 países analizados, solamente un 23,6% de los puestos de nivel 1 de jerarquía, equivalente a un ministro, son ocupados por mujeres frente a un 44,2% de los puestos en el nivel 4, equivalente a director. Adicionalmente, la presencia de las mujeres sigue siendo mayoritaria en sectores asociados a los estereotipos tradicionales de género, como Educación y Salud (45,9%); y, es menor en sectores tradicionalmente liderados por hombres, como en Finanzas y Defensa (38%). Incluso en países donde la participación femenina es más alta, persiste la segregación vertical y horizontal. La mayoría de los países cuentan con normativas, organizaciones y políticas públicas para transversalizar políticas de género, pero su efecto aún es incierto. En este documento se presenta un resumen de los hallazgos para cada uno de los 15 países.
La eliminación de la inmunidad parlamentaria y el equilibrio de poderes en el Perú
Authors: Gómez Híjar Beltrán
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar de qué manera la inmunidad parlamentaria permite mantener el equilibrio de poderes en el Perú, condición de suma importancia para la consolidación de todo sistema democrático. Respecto a los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados en este trabajo, el tipo de investigación es básica, aplicando un enfoque cuantitativo y con un alcance correlacional, con la finalidad de contar con datos confiables. Respecto al diseño de investigación, este fue el no experimental. Para el levantamiento de información primaria, se aplicó la técnica de encuesta, a través del instrumento cuestionario, a profesionales del Derecho. Los resultados arrojaron que la prerrogativa constitucional analizada, la inmunidad parlamentaria, permitiría mantener el equilibrio de poderes en el Perú. Así, se concluye que esta importante figura de nuestra historia constitucional contribuye al equilibrio de poderes en el Perú y que su eliminación podría provocar un desequilibrio de poderes, con el potencial peligro que ello supone para el normal desenvolvimiento de la democracia.
Viabilidad de los Contratos Legales Inteligentes en el Derecho Civil Peruano
Authors: Hernández Mendoza Alex
Published: January 2024

En el contexto peruano, los contratos inteligentes, facilitados por la tecnología blockchain, enfrentan un vacío normativo específico, ya que la legislación actual no aborda directamente su validez y ejecución. La adaptabilidad del marco legal podría permitir su implementación, pero se requiere una regulación más clara para garantizar su reconocimiento jurídico. En cuanto al Tratado de Roma I, que regula la ley aplicable a los contratos inteligentes, no aborda específicamente la tecnología blockchain, dejando un vacío respecto a su tratamiento legal. La necesidad de actualizar los marcos legales para abordar estos avances tecnológicos es crucial para garantizar la seguridad jurídica y fomentar la adopción de estas innovaciones en el ámbito contractual. Cabe mencionar que factores económicos, tecnológicos y la aceptación cultural de la tecnología blockchain, en torno a la madurez del entorno empresarial y la evolución tecnológica impactan en la formación de marcos legales. La adaptación normativa a estos contratos es crucial para aprovechar beneficios económicos y fomentar la confianza en su implementación, equilibrando la innovación con la protección jurídica.
Retos y desafíos para mejorar la enseñanza de la educación superior postpandemia
Authors: Villarreal Castañeda Erika Janeth , Estrada Torres Alicia
Published: January 2024

El cierre de las escuelas por la pandemia del coronavirus del 2019 trajo consigo que de la noche a la mañana 1,570 millones de estudiantes de 191 países se vieran afectados de acuerdo con datos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, Ciencia y Cultura (por sus siglas en inglés UNESCO, 2020). Analizar el impacto de este fenómeno mundial es indispensable para establecer líneas de acción que ayuden a disminuir la desigualdad educativa y la deserción escolar, así como a mejorar la educación superior en cuanto a sus perfiles de egreso y puedan contribuir e ingresar exitosamente en el mercado laboral. En México, como muchos otros países, no se tenía la formación pedagógica y tecnológica para enfrentar esta disrupción educativa. Sin embargo, a pesar de ello se aseguró la continuidad en los ciclos 2020 y parte del 2021, evidenciando una serie de retos y desafíos que marcaron un precedente en la vida académica del estudiante y del profesor en cuanto a la transformación obligada del proceso enseñanza- aprendizaje y la manera de ver la escuela en la “nueva normalidad”.
La realidad virtual en la promoción del turismo
Authors: Patiño Machuca Claudia
Published: January 2024

La realidad virtual está transformando el sector turístico, permitiendo a los usuarios experimentar destinos de todo el mundo desde la comodidad de sus hogares. Esta tecnología, permite a los usuarios explorar los lugares más populares, pero también los menos conocidos, lo que hace que el turismo sea más accesible y emocionante. Además, los viajeros pueden personalizar sus experiencias y vivir aventuras que normalmente no serían posibles debido a limitaciones físicas o económicas. La pandemia ha acelerado la adopción de la realidad virtual en la industria del turismo, ya que muchos turistas no pudieron viajar debido a las restricciones propias de la contingencia. Por eso, las empresas turísticas están utilizando esta herramienta para promocionar destinos y atraer a más clientes, adicional a esto, el uso de difusión y promoción cultural también es importante. Pese a que, la realidad virtual todavía tiene limitaciones, sigue siendo una herramienta emocionante e innovadora en la industria del turismo y de la cultura, y es probable que su crecimiento continúe en popularidad y uso en los próximos años.
Geografia em videoteca
Authors: Guedes Maria Zélia Batista
Published: January 2024

A comunicação que se segue enfoca o início do resultado de uma experiência, ora desenvolvida, a partir de um projeto intitulado: "Geografia em videoteca", que tem como base uma melhor aplicação metodológica de ensino de geografia [...].
Avaliação: uma questão só de notas?
Authors: Queiroga Ana Lúcia Ferreira de
Published: January 2024

Este texto suscita algumas reflexões em torno da prática avaliativa, fundamentada nas concepções de avaliação, visando um redimensionamento de posturas pedagógicas.
Announcement of “The Ninth International Conference on Science and Technology of Agricultural Sciences, Natural Resources and Environment of Iran” Held in Iran
Authors: .
Published: January 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Amuniacum Gum Based Edible Films Enriched with Clove Essential Oil: Optimization Formulation Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Homayouni Rad A. , Arab K. , Berri A. , Fazelioskouei T. , Ebrahimi B.
Published: January 2024

Backgraound: Polysaccharides, particularly Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) and Ammoniacum Gum (AMG), are considered valuable due to their thermal stability and non-toxicity. CMC has good film-forming ability but weak mechanical properties, while AMG shows promise with its unique chemical composition. Additionally, essential oils, such as Clove Essential Oil (CEO), are being used to enhance the antimicrobial properties of edible films, offering a natural way to extend the shelf life of food products.
Methods: This study investigated the combined effect of CMC: 0.5-1.5 wt %, AMG: 1-5 wt %, as well as CEO: 0-30 v/v % on the physical characteristics of the CMC-AMG films by Response Surface Methodology. The optimization was performed with the aim of maximizing Whiteness Index, Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), and Strain at Break (SB) and minimizing total color difference (ΔE) values. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, film microstructure, Differential Scanning Calorimeter analysis, and antibacterial activity were investigated. The analysis was conducted using Design Expert software version 10.00 (STAT-EASE Inc., Minneapolis, USA).
Result: The films with the highest UTS have been obtained through a composition of 5 g CMC, 1.5 g AMG, and 15% CEO. On the contrary, using a composition of 5 g CMC, 1 g AMG, and 30% CEO revealed the highest SB (115.41%). The highest UTS value of 13.17 MPa was obtained with a formulation consisting of 5% AMG, 1.5% CMC, and 15% CEO. Nevertheless, the maximum SB value of 115.41% was achieved with a formulation containing 5% AMG, 1% CMC, and 30% CEO. Moreover, heterogeneous microstructure and more opaque films were obtained as identified by the higher ΔE. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter results demonstrated that incorporating a CEO did not impinge on thermal stability. Furthermore, the addition of CEO led to a rise in antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes.
Conclusion: In conclusion, combination of CMC and AMG in optimum levels, led to the production of a film with acceptable mechanical properties. Also, these films showed significant antimicrobial activity.
Microbial Quality of Halawet Eljibn, an Arabic Sweet Sold in the Retail Market in Jordan
Authors: AL-Hmoud M.B. , Yamani M.I.
Published: January 2024

Background: Halawet eljibn is a popular Ready-to-Eat sweet in the Levant region. However, its non-machinery preparation and lack of final heating increase the risk of contamination by microorganisms that can cause food-borne illnesses. The study aimed to investigate the numbers of microorganisms present in commercially produced halawet eljibn in Jordan.
Methods: Sixty samples of halawet eljibn were collected from 15 sweet shops in Amman, Jordan at two intervals. Two sample units were taken from each sweet shop, and two reference samples were prepared under hygienic conditions for comparison purposes. The study evaluated the chemical properties of the samples, including moisture content, pH, and titratable acidity, and also assessed their microbiological quality through Aerobic Plate Count, Coliform Count, Lactic Acid Bacteria count, Staphylococcus aureus count, and yeast and mold count analyses.
Results: In this study, the samples exhibited a moisture content ranging from 40.9 to 49.8%, a pH range of 5.7 to 6.7, and acidity levels varying between 0.14 and 0.45%. The average Aerobic Plate Count and the counts of coliforms, Lactic Acid Bacteria, yeast and mold and S. aureus for halawet eljibn market samples were 6.6, 4.1, 6.8, 3.2, and 2.0 log Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g, respectively. Counts of interval I (10th October-12th December) samples were significantly higher than those of interval II (19th December-10th January). The same average counts of the reference samples were significantly lower (2.3, <10, 1.6, 1.4, and <10 log CFU/g, respectively).
Conclusion: The study findings indicate that halawet eljibn provides an appropriate environment for microbial growth. The observed non-adherence to optimal hygienic practices during the production and handling of halawet eljibn underscores the need for more rigorous regulations to ensure its microbiological quality and safety.
Financial Technology: An Overview on Shariah and Legal Implication
Authors: Izzat Amsyar Mohd Arif Mohd , Hakimah binti Ab Halim Asma , `Afifi bin Ab Halim Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Technological progress affects many things and practices in today’s life. In addition to the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, it leads to a more open and almost comprehensive use of technology. This effect also occurs in the financial aspect. The emergence of various forms of technology-based transactions also has implications for legislation and sharia. This study was conducted qualitatively through the analysis of literature and legal sources from selected countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. The study found that there is a law that has been drafted to regulate this aspect as well as a fatwa issued to lay the foundation for this transaction from a contractual point of view according to the Syariah perspective. However, further research still needs to be done considering that various forms of innovation involve transactions that have taken place and each of them requires clarification from a legal point of view as well as jurisprudence adaptation.
Keywords: financial technology, Shariah, legal, implication
Análisis de inversión y reducción de costos en un contexto de lean accounting
Authors: Colazo Jerónimo Alberto , Porporato Marcela
Published: January 2024

En la presente investigación, se desarrolla y explica paso a paso cómo identificar el ahorro de costos en una empresa que usa lean accounting, y cómo esos ahorros se integran para evaluar un proyecto de inversión. Actualmente, no hay mucha información sobre el uso de herramientas de lean accounting en pequeñas y medianas empresas de economías regionales de América Latina; por ello, este estudio busca seguir expandiendo el conocimiento sobre el tema. Se usó la herramienta value stream mapping, que permite identificar el ahorro de costos. Esta es la primera etapa para calcular los flujos de fondos recurrentes para luego aplicar las herramientas tradicionales de evaluación de proyectos. Este estudio, basado en un caso real, vincula aspectos del método de producción y mejoras aplicando lean manufacturing e indicadores financieros del proyecto. El desarrollo del proyecto de inversión permitió que la empresa que fue objeto de estudio mejore los tiempos de entrega, la seguridad de la operación, la estabilidad productiva, la automatización del proceso y el aumento de la capacidad de procesamiento de la planta a nivel global. También hizo visibles focos de ineficiencia del proceso actual que impactaban en el manipuleo de piezas, los costos de operación, los retrabajos y la mano de obra directa.
Prevalensi Virus Demam Babi Afrika pada Produk Daging Babi yang Diuji di Laboratorium Balai Besar Uji Standar Karantina Pertanian
Authors: Agistiana Seruni , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh , Setiyaningsih Surachmi , Mayasari Ni Luh Putu Ika , Nuradji Harimurti , Sriyanto Sriyanto , Sitohang Risma JP
Published: January 2024

Demam babi afrika atau African swine fever (ASF) adalah penyakit viral lintas batas yang sangat menular pada babi domestik dan babi liar yang disebabkan oleh virus ASF (ASFV). Virus ini memiliki daya tahan hidup dan stabilitas yang tinggi di lingkungan, mampu bertahan lama pada benda mati seperti peralatan dan pakaian yang tercemar atau pada produk daging dari babi yang terinfeksi ASFV. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi ASFV pada produk daging babi dan olahannya di Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2019, Balai Besar Uji Standar Karantina Pertanian (BBUSKP) yang merupakan salah satu laboratorium rujukan milik pemerintah di bawah naungan Badan Karantina Pertanian (Barantan), memiliki tugas untuk melakukan pengujian deteksi ASFV salah satunya adalah menguji sampel produk daging babi. Prevalensi dihitung berdasarkan data sekunder hasil pengujian qualitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR) dalam deteksi ASFV pada produk daging babi yang dilakukan di laboratorium BBUSKP, Jakarta Timur tahun 2020-2022. Terdeteksinya ASFV pada produk daging babi sebanyak 8.2% di tahun 2020, 24.8% di tahun 2021 dan 11.6% pada tahun 2022 memperkuat bahwa produk daging babi berpotensi menjadi media pembawa ASF di Indonesia.
Closed-loop precision farming technologies to optimize resource use
Authors:   Agricultural University of Athens, Greece, Maraveas C. , Bartzanas T. ,   Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
Published: January 2024

Agriculture continues to play an integral role in the growth of the economy of any country, not only as a means of livelihood for the population but also as their main source of food. Therefore, identifying strategies that can promote the productivity of agriculture is a key priority as it enhances economic wellbeing. However, as statistics reveal, the largest proportion of food production in the world is mainly attributed to small-scale farmers who are limited by a lack of resources to enhance the productivity of their farms. As a result, the farmers are often unable to purchase needed fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides to boost production. A further finding is that, where the farmers have access to these agricultural inputs, they are still challenged in applying them appropriately as they either underutilize or overutilize the inputs. Therefore, precision agriculture and closed-loop farming are important concepts that can guarantee increased productivity of both small-scale and large farms as they ensure that resources are used effectively to support crop growth, and waste is also minimized. The aim of this chapter was to examine how advanced technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) could be used to enhance precision agriculture and closed-loop farming in modern large-scale and small-scale agriculture. The data was collected from the review of case studies where findings showed that coupling IoT with big data analytics and artificial intelligence enhances resource usage in farms and promotes increased productivity. The findings also showed that the technologies allowed farmers to access important information regarding soil conditions and resource usage.
Optimizing slurry management
Authors:   LEAF-Instituto Superior de Agronomia-ULisboa, Portugal, Fangueiro David , Elmahdi Jihane ,   Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands, Nyang'au Jared ,   Aarhus University, Denmark, Chrysanthopoulos Stamatis ,   LEAF-Instituto Superior de Agronomia-ULisboa, Portugal, De Vries Jerke ,   Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands, Sørensen Peter ,   Aarhus University, Denmark
Published: January 2024

This chapter discusses optimizing slurry management in agricultural practices. It begins by first highlighting current decision tools for optimizing manure management, then goes on to review modifying animal slurry pH to enhance its value as a biobased fertilizer through methods such as bio acidification and alkalinization. A section on improving manure management systems to minimize trade-offs is also provided, followed by an overview of combining manure management with anaerobic digestion. The chapter also reviews pre- and post-treatment for anaerobic digestion as well as the optimization of anaerobic digestion operations to optimize digestate quality.
A Radikalisme dan Ekstremisme dalam Pemikiran Sayyid Qutb: Tinjauan Kritis atas Tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an
Authors: Sani Azwar
Published: January 2024

Abstrak 

Penelitian ini mengkaji masalah radikalisme dan ekstremisme dalam pemikiran Sayyid Qutb, khususnya dalam tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi pandangan radikal dan ekstrem Sayyid Qutb, serta menganalisis manifestasi radikalisme dan ekstremisme dalam Tafsir tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konteks sosial, politik, dan sejarah terhadap pandangan radikal dan ekstrem dalam Tafsir tersebut, serta mencari alternatif pemikiran moderat dalam Tafsir Al-Qur'an. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis teks. Data penelitian diperoleh dari Tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an dan sumber-sumber lain yang relevan dengan kajian radikalisme dan ekstremisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandangan radikal dan ekstrem Sayyid Qutb dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti politik, sosial, dan ekonomi di negaranya pada saat itu. Pandangan tersebut tercermin dalam tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an, yang mengandung ajakan untuk melakukan perlawanan dengan kekerasan terhadap pemerintahan yang dianggap zalim. Pengaruh konteks sosial dan politik yang terjadi di negara Sayyid Qutb juga menjadi faktor penting dalam pandangan radikal dan ekstrem yang dilontarkan olehnya dalam Tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an. Oleh karena itu, alternatif pemikiran moderat dalam tafsir Al-Qur'an perlu dipertimbangkan sebagai jalan keluar untuk mengatasi fenomena radikalisme dan ekstremisme dalam masyarakat Islam.

Kata kunci: Radikalisme, Ekstremisme, Sayyid Qutb, Tafsir Fi-Zilalil Qur’an, Moderat.
Islamic Cyber Youth: Qur'an On Social Media
Authors: Aulia Qithrotun Nida , Al Ayubi Sholahuddin
Published: January 2024

In this digital era, social media has become an effective communication tool to make it easier for the public to find information and also as a tool to convey ideas and educate the younger generation. By utilizing the role of social media to educate the public about understanding the principles of the Qur'an. This article aims to explore the role of Islamic Cyber Youth in the publication of the Al-Quran through social media. With the development of information technology and the use of social media platforms as a means to share

the understanding of Al-Quran verses, and interpretations, to the younger generation. Through content analysis and literature search, this study describes how Islamic Cyber Youth uses social media to present and disseminate the Koran to a wider audience, both within the Muslim community and among non-Muslims. The results of this study indicate that Islamic Cyber Youth often publishes quotes, and personal views on Al-Quran verses on social media sites such as Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. They actively discussed, commented, and exchanged ideas and personal experiences about the Qur'an which affects everyday life. Islamic Cyber Youth acts as an advocate and educational media as well as interpreter of Islamic principles contained in the Al-Quran into a context and language that is more relatable and easily understood by the younger generation.
NKRI Harga Mati: Tinjauan Al-Qur’an Terhadap Urgensi Persatuan di Tengah Kebinekaan
Authors: Zulfikar Eko , Kher Abdul , Hakim Lukman Nul , Hidayat Rahmat , Muhajirin Muhajirin
Published: January 2024

This article attempts to review the Qur'anic review of the urgency of unity in the midst of diversity by reflecting on the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the price of death for the Indonesian people. By using descriptive analytical qualitative methods, it can be concluded that diversity and diversity in Indonesia is a necessity. Therefore, Islam has encouraged its adherents to love and tolerate each other, to knit the ties of ukhuwah basyariyah and to build harmonious relations between human beings despite different religions, races, ethnicities, and others. In the view of the Qur'an, diversity and diversity can actually be a rope of unity and not be a way of division that can bring down each other and cause war in a country. The expression of the Qur'an is closely related to diversity and diversity in line with the slogan of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia Price Mati, because it has become the foundation of unity in the midst of diversity in Indonesia
Rituales nocturnos involuntarios en la nave de Licas (Petr., Sat. 99-115)
Authors: San Vicente Jose Ignacio
Published: January 2024

Un episodio del Satiricón recoge el rapado de las cabelleras de Encolpio y Gitón en la nave de Licas a la luz de la luna. Licas interpretó el evento como un sacrilegio asociado al ultimum votum de los marineros en caso de naufragio. Se examina el ritual y la lectura que hace el capitán del buque y se llega a la conclusión de que el proceso se basa en el protocolo seguido en Roma en el caso de acontecer un prodigio. Hasta que este no había sido reconocido como tal por el Senado, no se consideraba un fenómeno extraordinario. Se atribuye el ahogamiento de Licas en el mar a no haber llevado a cabo la purificación que él había prescrito. Su castigo se debería a la venganza de los démones asociados a los actos de purificación, aunque el instrumento debió ser Neptuno.
Con los muertos entre tinieblas
Authors: Chapinal-Heras Diego
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es una revisión del debate en torno a la identificación del yacimiento de Mesopotamon, en la costa del Epiro, como el famoso Nekyomanteion del Aqueronte. Mediante la comparación y examen de los argumentos de cada hipótesis se tratará de mostrar una visión razonada sobre aquellos aspectos que nos permitan decantarnos por una teoría u otra.
Entre el self-world y la ritualidad en abrigos naturales
Authors: Alvar Ezquerra Jaime
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se ofrece una nueva interpretación sobre el extraordinario conjunto de textos de la Cueva Negra, como producto inicial de una agencia individual y su posterior resonancia en una communitas casualmente compuesta por los visitantes de la cueva. En ese contexto se debilita la idea de un santuario, pero no que se trata de un espacio recreacional y de devociones personales.
Developing an e-module to improve the seventh-grade student's bump pass skills in volleyball
Authors: Yoda I Ketut , Kasih Indra , Ilra Taqi
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study is to develop e-modules for bump pass learning for seventh-grade students. This study identified the problems and needs of students in learning bump pass skills, e-module eligibility and the effect of the e-module on students' bump pass skills. Two groups of seventh grades, two teachers serving as content experts and two media experts participated in this study at State Junior High School 1 Talawi.  Five steps were used in conducting this research: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The researchers collected data through questionnaires, interviews, observation, documentation, expert testing and tests. The questionnaire, interview, observation and documentation results were analyzed using an interactive data analysis model. Expert test data were analyzed using the inter-rater agreement model and test result data were analyzed using an independent t-test. There are three findings in this research. First, the reason for the students' difficulties in learning bump passes is their lack of interest in the content found in their textbooks. They need learning media that are interesting and can be accessed through smartphones. Thus, e-modules are a suitable learning medium to solve problems and meet their needs. Second, the developed e-module was confirmed to have high content validity and meet the criteria for good learning materials and media based on the feasibility test results.  Third, the e-module has positively and significantly affected students' understanding and bump pass skills. Thus, it is suggested that the module be used for teaching bump pass skills at other schools.