bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the occurrence of disseminated peritonitis and the effect of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Bilyayeva O.O. , Karol I.V. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv,   Brovary Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital, Ukraine, Ziablitzev S.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

It is relevant in modern surgery to clarify the risk factors of widespread peritonitis and to improve the treatment and diagnostic algorithms for the management of such patients. Aim - to establish the features of the occurrence of widespread peritonitis and the influence of MTHFR gene polymorphisms on the risk of its occurrence. Materials and methods. The study included 100 patients who underwent surgical interventions for acute abdominal diseases complicated by peritonitis: acute appendicitis (48%), acute cholecystitis (32%), perforated ulcer of the stomach or duodenum (8%), tumor perforation (3%), injuries of the abdominal cavity (3%), pinched hernia (2%) and intestinal obstruction (4%). Genotypes of MTHFR gene polymorphisms rs1801131 and rs1801133 were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Mathematical processing of the research results was carried out using the Statistica 10 program. Results. The risk of disseminated peritonitis was increased with perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer, tumor perforation, abdominal trauma, herniated hernia, or intestinal obstruction compared with acute appendicitis and cholecystitis. The risk of disseminated peritonitis was lower in II blood group carriers compared and was associated with temperature at hospitalization and pulse rate. Conclusions. The factors determining the risk of disseminated peritonitis in the multivariate regression model were the diagnosis, heart rate, and the rs1801131 genotype of the MTHFR gene. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Alagille syndrome in the clinical practice of a paediatric surgeon
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Kurylo H.V. ,   Communal non-profit enterprise "Lviv Territorial Medical Association "Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital of Intensive Treatment Methods and Emergency Medical Care", Children's Surgery Center of the Separate Unit "Saint Nicholas Hospital", Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is one of the most problematic for the diagnosis of hereditary, multisystem, cholestatic liver diseases in combination with other congenital defects. Timely diagnosis and treatment (including liver transplantation - LT) improves the quality of life (QoL), prevents irreversible liver changes, multiple organ failure and mortality. Aim – to study the possibilities and features of the differential diagnosis of AGS, the impact of complex treatment, surgical correction (including LT) on the course of the disease, the dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators, physical development (FD) and neuropsychological development (NPD), QoL. Materials and methods. Verification of the diagnosis of AGS included clinical, biochemical, instrumental examinations, genetic markers of AGS. Quality of life was evaluated: assessment of skin itching (on a categorical scale, according to the visual analogue scale of pruritus; the level of anxiety was determined according to the Hamilton scale (modified). FD and NPD were evaluated by pediatricians and pediatric neurologists before and after treatment. The assessment of FD according to centile tables was carried out in accordance with WHO standards. The assessment of NPD was carried out: development delay for one, two, three epicrisis terms; degree of NPD delay. Results. Against the background of treatment, biochemical and clinical indicators improved. Itching of the skin (according to the categorical scale of itching, visual analogue scale of pruritus), decreased the anxiety index. The dynamics of the FD and NPD were positive. Conclusions. Modern possibilities of diagnosis of AGS include genetic and histological methods, which makes it possible to start pathogenetic therapy early, to decide the time and ways of surgical intervention (including LT). The presence of concomitant congenital defects of other organs and systems, the characteristic appearance of children with AGS require a multidisciplinary examination with the involvement of multidisciplinary specialists. Complex and timely treatment of AGS contributes to the normalization of clinical and biochemical indicators, FD, NPD, quality of life. Radical treatment of AGS by means of LT should be considered before the period of irreversible multiorgan changes, taking into account the preservation of FD and NPD. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of the child and child's parents was obtained for the research. The author declares no conflict of interest.
Long-term results of radical surgical interventions for malignant neoplasms of the pancreatoduodenal zone, complicated by the syndrome of mechanical jaundice
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Muravіov P.T. ,   MUI «Odessa Regional Clinical Medical Center» of the Odessa Regional Council, Ukraine, Zaporozhchenko B.S. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine,   MUI «Odessa Regional Clinical Medical Center» of the Odessa Regional Council, Ukraine, Borodaiev І.Ye. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine,   MUI «Odessa Regional Clinical Medical Center» of the Odessa Regional Council, Ukraine, Kolodiy V.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine,   MUI «Odessa Regional Clinical Medical Center» of the Odessa Regional Council, Ukraine, Shevchenko V.H. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine,   MUI «Odessa Regional Clinical Medical Center» of the Odessa Regional Council, Ukraine, Muravіov F.T. ,   ME "Hospital No. 1" of the Zhytomyr City Council, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

One of the priority tasks of modern oncopancreatology is the involvement of new strategies to improve patient’s survival rates. Aim - to analyze and compare the course of the long-term period after pancreatoduodenal resection in patients with malignant tumors of the pancreatoduodenal zone, complicated by the syndrome of mechanical jaundice. Materials and methods. The long-term results of surgical treatment of 101 patients with malignant neoplasms of the pancreatobiliary area, complicated by the syndrome of mechanical jaundice, were analyzed. The main group included 33 (32.7%) patients in whom pancreatoduodenal resection was combined with extended lymphodissection; the comparison group included 68 (67.3%) patients who underwent a similar operation, but lymphodissection was performed in the standard volume.Variational and non-parametric statistics methods were used. Results. The overall 1-year survival rates of patients in the main group and the comparison group were not significantly different and amounted to 71.3% and 69.2%. Median survival after standard PDR was 15.8 months, after extended - 20.2 months. The overall disease-free 1-year survival rates of patients in the main group and the comparison group did not differ significantly and amounted to 54.1% and 48.3%. Median disease-free survival in the main group was 15 months, and in the comparison group - 12 months. Conclusions. According to the results of the comparative analysis of long-term results, the use of pancreaticoduodenal resection of different lymph node dissection volume in patients of the compared groups did not reveal statistically significant differences in survival. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Experience of treating calculi of the urinary tract in children
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Shevchuk D.V. ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Ukraine,   First Lviv Territorial Medical Union, «Saint Nicholas Hospital», Ukraine, Nakonechnyy R.A. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine,   First Lviv Territorial Medical Union, «Saint Nicholas Hospital», Ukraine, Nakonechnyi A.Y. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine,   First Lviv Territorial Medical Union, «Saint Nicholas Hospital», Ukraine, Kyslova I.А. ,   First Lviv Territorial Medical Union, «Saint Nicholas Hospital», Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Aim - to analyze the treatment of children with urolithiasis (urolithiasis), taking into account the location of stones in the urinary tract, their size and density, to select further individual patient management tactics. Materials and methods. The study included 48 patients with single urinary tract stones aged 6 months to 18 years. X-ray structural analysis and determination of the chemical composition was carried out with 39 stone fragments. Results. In 5 (10.4%) patients with calculi in the distal part of the ureter up to 5 mm in size, medical expulsive therapy was started. 17 (35.4%) patients with kidney and ureter calculi measuring 6-14 mm and density up to 900 HU underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. In 3 (6.3%) patients with kidney and ureter calculi 6-14 mm in size and with a density of more than 900 HU, ureterorenoscopy (URS) and extraction using a Dormia basket or forceps to capture fragments were performed. 20 (41.7%) children with kidney stones larger than 15 mm or density greater than 1200 HU underwent contact lithotripsy. Contact endovesical lithotripsy was performed in 2 (4.2%) patients with massive calculi in the urinary bladder who underwent cystoplasty for an exstrophy-epispadias malformation. Results of X-ray structural stones analysis: calcium oxalate (wevelite, wedelite) - 31 (79.5%), calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) - 5 (12.8%), brushite - 2 (5.1%), cystine - 1 (2.6%). Conclusions. Modern minimally invasive technologies make it possible to remove calculi of any density and localization from the urinary system in a minimally traumatic, effective and sufficiently safe manner, regardless of the age of the child. In the treatment of urolithiasis in children, it is advisable to follow a personalized approach with the step-by-step use of the optimal arsenal of means to remove the stone. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of the listed institution. Informed consent of children and their parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Surgical complications of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children
Authors:   Communal Noncommercial Enterprise of Lviv Regional Council clinical Centre of children’s healthcare, Ukraine, Lapshyn K.V. , Pereyaslov A.A. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Hyzha B.I. ,   Communal Noncommercial Enterprise of Lviv Regional Council clinical Centre of children’s healthcare, Ukraine, Hyzha L.Y. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Opikan N.M. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Henoch-Schönlein purpura is the systemic pathology that affected the small vessels of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and joints. Typical clinical manifestation of Henoch-Schönlein purpura include palpable purpura, abdominal pain syndrome, arthralgia, renal involvement, and, in some children, externa genitalia involvement. The aim of this study was to present the own experience in the management of three children with the surgical complications of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. The own experience includes three children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura, particularly two children with ileum intussusception (both of 3 years old) and one patient of 4 years old with the syndrome “acute scrotum”. Gastrointestinal involvement may appear in most of patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura and intussusception is the most common complication, which require the urgent treatment. Appearance of typical palpable purpura followed the abdominal pain syndrome and ultrasonography is the main method of diagnostic in this group of patients. Ileum and ileocolic are the common types of intussusception in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura. The main method of treatment in case of ileum intussusception is surgical reduction, while in case of ileocolic intussusception non-surgical reduction can be applied. Besides the typical manifestation of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, in some children could be the scrotal involvement, which developing after appearance of palpable purpura, and rare caused by inflammation or torsion of testis or hydatid. It is believed that patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura and scrotal involvement have more severe clinical course when compared with patients with abdominal manifestation, which agreed with our observation. Conclusions. In children older than one year, with the abdominal pain, with or without bloody stools, and ultrasonographic signs of intussusception, it is necessary consider about possibility the presence of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in these patients. In children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura despite the corticosteroids’ treatment, could be developed the syndrome of “acute scrotum”, which required emergent surgery. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the patients was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Wdrażanie budżetu zadaniowego na przykładzie administracji celnej
Authors: Strojny Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Implementing a budget task force is part of a new approach to administering public finance.  Its essence is the management of public funds by objectives. Budgeting prompts a more efficient and transparent management of public funds and allows for efficient long-term economic planning. The article presents solutions for the budget task force in selected EU countries and discusses the implementation of a budget task force in Poland as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using a task force as opposed to sticking with classic budgeting. The practical section of the work shows a solution proposed for the customs administration. It shows those tasks the customs administration is charged with performing, the objectives, and the measures. The summary examines the problems that arose in the context of the performance budget in government administration.
Wykorzystanie metody manualnej i instrumentalnej w ilościowej ocenie bakterii przeżywających w tkaninach po procesie prania
Authors: Syguła-Cholewińska Justyna , Szostak-Kot Jadwiga , Błyskal Barbara , Sawoszczuk Tomasz , Lech Tomasz
Published: September 2024

The evaluation of the laundering process requires microbiological cleanness testing. There are no clearly established methods for determining the number of microorganisms surviving in fabrics after washing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the number of bacteria surviving the laundry process in textiles stained with blood. Cotton textile samples were infected with three species of bacteria and subjected to model laundering. Following this process, microorganisms were extracted, cultivated and counted. Two colony counting methods - manual and instrumental - were applied. The results show that laundering infected textiles reduces the number of all the bacteria tested. Nevertheless, two species, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus survived in large numbers when a wash bath was used, which may potentially lead to cross-contamination. The instrumental method proved to be better when there are up to 500 colonies to be measured. It also shortens the total time needed to perform the analysis.
Selected Problems of Security Control in Civil Aviation Based on Own Empirical Research
Authors:   Military University of Technology, Nowacki Gabriel , Paszukow Bohdan ,   Aviation Security and CBRN, EDD, EU COM Working Group
Published: September 2024

The paper refers to the evolution of methods, new technologies, and devices in security control processes in light of civil aviation requirements, procedures, and increased flow of passengers. The research problem has been defined as follows: How shall the international airport security controls function in the context of regulatory and operational conditions and current and future threats? In reference to the problem, the research hypothesis was defined as follows: Security control in civil aviation consists of screening persons and detecting prohibited articles and mainly depends on the professional competence of security staff and the proper selection and maintenance of electronic assistive devices. Professional competences refer to personnel’s knowledge, experience, qualification, monitoring, operational supervision, and quality control as part of their tasks. The development of new technologies requires the appropriate selection, commensurate with risk analysis, of electronic assistive devices, including equipment, methods, technical means, and their maintenance in a proper technical condition. The paper presents the results of empirical research conducted amongst experienced aviation security forums. Because of its complexity and unpredictability, this problem still leaves a wide margin for improvement and efficiency. The following research methods were used to solve the research problem: theoretical methods and empirical methods: diagnostic survey and expert interview.
The Forecasting of Military Expenditure in Saudi Arabia in Terms of Military Security
Authors:   Military University of Technology, Kozicki Bartosz , Zelkowski Jarosław ,   Military University of Technology, Mitkow Szymon ,   Military University of Technology, Gontarczyk Mariusz ,   Military University of Technology
Published: September 2024

The study attempts to forecast military expenditure in Saudi Arabia for 2020. The research began with a comparative analysis of military expenditure in Saudi Arabia and Russia between 2000–2019. For this purpose, bar charts were used on which the calculated values of the dynamics indices with a fixed (2000) and movable (previous year) base of the considered primary data were outlined. The study was preceded by constructing a multiple regression model to evaluate the impact of the increase in military expenditure in Russia on Saudi Arabia. This model shows that as military spending in Russia increases by one million dollars, military spending in Saudi Arabia increases by $ 0.085 million. Then, data on the expenditure incurred by both analyzed countries in 2020, obtained from various internet sources, was outlined. Their analysis made it possible to select only qualitative methods in the form of expert opinions for the forecast. Saudi Arabia's military expenditure forecast was $ 57 500 million.
Banking on Housing: Credit Foncier Loans and The State Savings Bank of Victoria, 1890–1941
Authors: Koehler Maren , Ludewig Jasper
Published: September 2024

Following the collapse of the Australian property boom in the 1880s, public trust in the volatile colonial land market — largely fuelled by overseas speculation — was exceptionally low. Colonial governments and financial institutions attempted to stabilise the economy in part by making ownership of property more accessible to greater portions of the domestic population. In the colony of Victoria, this led to the introduction of a transformative financial instrument: the credit foncier loan. Credit foncier loans are fixed-term loans, secured against the value of land and backed by the government, in which principal and interest are repaid on a regular basis. The State Savings Bank of Victoria (SSBV) established its first credit foncier scheme in the 1890s. Loans covered the cost of land, construction and connection to utilities, as well as one of the many designs preapproved by the bank under the scheme. These designs prescribed suitable materials, methods of construction, fixings and appliances. By the 1920s, around 1,300 so-called bank houses were being constructed in Victoria annually and the SSBV had established a dedicated Building Department to ‘design and supervise the erection of low-cost housing’ for the people of Victoria. 
This essay explores the ways in which the credit foncier scheme effectively transformed a Protestant-inspired savings bank into a real estate developer. It examines how the architecture of the bank houses was designed to meet the commercial imperatives of the SSBV: by mitigating risk, acting as collateral, attracting insurance premiums and through the sale of architectural plans produced for the scheme. At the same time, the paper examines how the terms of the credit foncier loan also facilitated homeownership for a financially indebted — and thereby ‘settled’ — 20th-century population, propelling the settler colonial project in Victoria towards a pervasive paradigm of ‘residential capitalism’ based on the commodification of dispossessed Aboriginal land.
ENEIAS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM HERÓI
Authors: De Albertim Alcione Lucena
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo propõe analisar o perfil do herói épico, especificamente Eneias, a partir, sobretudo, da pietas, valor que o caracteriza e o torna mito fundador, escolhido para edificar as bases da futura Roma. Em contrapondo com a Ilíada e a Odisseia, em que há um sentido de glória individual, o herói guerreiro e o herói humanizado, respectivamente, Eneias vincula-se à cidade. O sentido religioso existente desde a sua fundação, que também é característico do herói, homologa a sua posição de pai da pátria, ligando-o aos fundamentos dela.herói, Eneias, mito fundador, pietas, virtus, Roma.
O AMOR GREGO NA INGLATERRA TARDO-VITORIANA E EDUARDIANA
Authors: Martins Esteves Anderson
Published: September 2024

Eufemismo para designar o homoerotismo masculino na Grécia antiga, o “amor grego” e as reflexões a que deu origem foram decisivos na formação do movimento de defesa dos direitos dos homossexuais no final do século XIX e início XX. Na Inglaterra vitoriana tardia e no período eduardiano, algumas vozes se levantaram para se contrapor ao fundamentalismo religioso e ao rígido moralismo social e sexual, a exemplo de John Addington Symonds, Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson e Edward Morgan Forster, que tomamos como exemplos neste artigo. Nosso objetivo é estudar como pederastia grega, entendida como prática sexual ou como objeto do discurso filosófico, foi ressignificada por esses autores ingleses, de maneira a usarem o “Greek love” como alternativa à  patologização da homossexualidade por parte da medicina. Para isso, utilizamos a teoria foucaultiana, com o aporte de David Halperin e Didier Eribon.
"SESİMİ DUYAN VAR MI!": TÜRKİYE'DEKİ DEPREMLERİN ÇOCUKLAR ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNE YÖNELİK BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: COŞKUN Adnan Batuhan , ELMAOĞLU Erhan , YÜZER ALSAÇ Selda , GÜL Huriye , ELİTAŞ Çağrı , ÇABUCAK Aybüke
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Hem doğal hem de insan kaynaklı olayları kapsayan afetlerin derin etkileri vardır. Bu afetler arasında, ülkemizde fiziksel, ekonomik ve sosyal kayıplara neden olan en önemli doğal afetler olarak depremler öne çıkmaktadır. Çocuklar, depremlerin psikolojik sonuçlarına karşı özellikle savunmasızdır. Kapsam: Bu çalışma, 1996 ve 2023 yılları arasında Türkiye’de yapılan araştırmaların bibliyometrik analizini kullanarak depremlerin çocuklar üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Analizde Google Scholar, Yök-Tez, Dergipark ve PubMed gibi veritabanları kullanılmış olup, Web of Science veritabanında indekslenen uluslararası çalışmalar da dikkate alınmıştır. Toplamda 115 makale incelenmiş ve yazarlar, yayın yılı, kurumlar, ülkeler, kaynaklar ve anahtar kelimeler gibi faktörler değerlendirilmiştir. VOSviewer bibliyometrik analiz programı kullanılarak “ortak yazarlık”, “birlikte anılma”, “atıf”, “bibliyografik eşleşme” ve “birlikte atıf” gibi analizler yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Türkiye’de çocuklar üzerinde depremlerin önemli olumsuz etkilerini vurgulamakta ve bu konuda uluslararası çalışmalara kıyasla daha yüksek hacimli araştırmaların yapıldığını göstermektedir. Sonuç: Çalışma, depremlerin çocuklar üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerine yönelik sürekli araştırma ve dikkat gerekliliğini vurgulamakta olup, bu konunun Türk akademik çevrelerinde uluslararası topluma kıyasla güçlü bir şekilde odaklandığını ortaya koymaktadır.
CERRAHİ HEMŞİRELERİNDEKİ İŞ YÜKÜNÜN MALPRAKTİS EĞİLİMİ VE MEMNUNİYET DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: İPEK Gamze , KUTLU Adalet
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma cerrahi hemşirelerinde iş yükünün malpraktis eğilimi ve memnuniyet düzeylerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Araştırma 15 Ekim – 15 Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında İzmir Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde yürütüldü. Araştırmanın örneklemini; hastanenin cerrahi kliniklerinde çalışan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 230 hemşire oluşturdu. Veri toplama araçları olarak; Bilgi Formu, İş yükü Ölçeği (İYÖ), Malpraktis Eğilim Ölçeği (MEÖ) ve Memnuniyet için 0-10 puanlama indeksi kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, ortanca, T testi, one way Anova, Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskall Wallis Testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: Malpraktis eğilim ölçeği alt boyutlarının ortalamaları; ilaç uygulamaları ve transfüzyon 86,00±7,12, düşmeler 22,06±3,33, hastane enfeksiyonları 55,53±6,04, hasta izlemi/ malzeme güvenliği 40,34±5,25 ve iletişim 23,35±2,43’dir. Hemşirelerin meslekten, kurumdan ve birimden memnun olma durumları sırasıyla; 5,84±2,77, 5,20±2,47, 6,20±2,67 olarak bulundu. Hemşirelerin iş yükü ölçeği ortalama puanı 3,30±0,71’dir. Hemşirelerin iş yükü puan ortalamaları ve malpraktis eğilim ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (p>0,05). Hemşirelerin iş yükü toplam puanı ile meslekten ve kurumdan memnun olma düzeyi puanları arasında negatif yönde ve zayıf, iş yükü toplam puanı ile birimden memnun olma düzeyi puanı arasında ise anlamlı, negatif yönde ve orta düzeyde bir ilişki bulundu. Sonuç: Hemşirelerin iş yükü ve Malpraktis Eğilimi Ölçeği puanları arasında bir ilişki bulunmadı.
PİYASADA SATILAN BAZI ENGİNAR YAPRAK VE ENGİNAR EKSTRESİ İÇEREN ÖRNEKLERİN KALİTE KONTROL ANALİZLERİ
Authors: PEKACAR Sultan , ATABEK KATIRCIOĞLU Aylin , DELİORMAN ORHAN Didem
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Son yıllarda ülkemizde ve dünyada fitoterapi uygulamaları giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Enginar ismi ile bilinen Cynara scolymus L. Akdeniz bölgesinde yaygın olarak kültürü yapılan bir bitkidir. Enginar yaprakları fitoterapide karaciğer problemlerinde, hiperlipidemi ve dispepside kullanılır ve Avrupa Farmakopesi’nde kayıtlı bir drogdur. Türkiye'de bitkinin yapraklarından üretilen çaylar ve gıda takviyeleri eczanelerde, aktarlarda ve internette yaygın olarak satılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada aktar ve internet üzerinden temin edilen bu ürünlerin Avrupa Farmakopesi’ne uygunluğu araştırılarak kalite kontrollerinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Enginar örneklerinin standartlara uygunluğunu belirlemek için Avrupa Farmakopesi’nde yer alan “Cynarae folium’’ ve “Cynarae folii extractum siccum“ monografları kullanılmıştır. Aktardan satın alınan dört adet yaprak örneğinin mikroskobik analizleri, ince tabaka kromatografisi analizleri, total kül miktar tayini ve kurutmada kayıp testleri ve beş adet enginar ekstresi içeren ürün de ise ince tabaka kromatografisi (İTK) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Yapılan tüm analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde (mikroskobik, kurutmada kayıp, total kül miktarı, İTK analizleri) örnek 3 ve 4’ün, enginar ekstresi içeren örnek 5, 7, 8 ve 9’un İTK analizi yönünden Avrupa Farmakopesi'ne uygun olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Analiz sonuçlarına göre aktar ve internet sitelerinde enginar yaprağı olarak satılan bitkilerin ve enginar ekstresi içeren ürünlerin bir kısmının Avrupa Farmakope'sine uygun olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak tıbbi amaçlı ve fitoterapide kullanılan bu tür bitkisel ürünlerin kalite kontrol analizleri yapıldıktan sonra eczanelerde satılması ve sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından kullanılması önerilmeli, ilgili bakanlıklar bu noktada gerekli denetim ve düzenlemeleri yapmalıdır.
AN IN-DEPTH EVALUATION OF URBAN SOUNDSCAPE PERCEPTION: IZMIR KONAK SQUARE
Authors: YANIK Bahar , KALAYCI ÖNAÇ Ayşe
Published: September 2024

In urban design, another concept that gains importance as visual perception is auditory perception. To provide acoustic comfort in cities, these subjective perceptions should be investigated and known in depth. Soundscape has been used as a key method to improve sound quality in urban open spaces in recent years. Aim: The aim of the study is to show the importance of soundscape design in public spaces by investigating the perceptions of the soundscape and sound preferences of Konak Square users and the effects of demographic factors. Method: Within the scope of the study, the sounds in the field were examined by literature review and on-site observation, and survey scales were prepared accordingly. After the survey data were collected, frequency analyses and pairwise comparison tests were conducted. In addition, the equivalent continuous sound level (Leq) measurement was made in the field by using the smart mobile phone application together with the questionnaire. Results: It has been determined that all of the sound levels measured in the square are considerably higher than the sound limit values determined for a healthy environment. Conclusion: The results of this research confirm that the most preferred sounds in the square are natural sounds. Otherwise, the most disturbing sounds are the sounds originating from the traffic.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MODERN DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND EMOTIONAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: DÜZ Ozan , KARABAŞ Ozan , YALÇINKAYA Senai , YAMAN Zeynep
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the effects of modern design principles on emotional communication and to understand the relationship between these two fields. Design is an important way for people to interact with products and their environment, and integrating emotional effects into design enhances the user experience. Scope: The research will be conducted in different design fields (graphic design, industrial design, interior design, etc.), and the effects of design on emotional communication will be examined. By including the perspectives of designers and users, the emotional effects of modern design principles are comprehensively evaluated. Methodology: Methodologies such as literature review, observation, and questionnaires were used to conduct the study. Different design examples were examined, designers and users were interviewed, and the effects of design on emotional communication were evaluated. Results: The results show that modern design principles positively impact emotional communication. Well-designed products and environments can cause positive emotional responses in users, increasing the preference for the product or environment. It was also observed that colors, forms, and material choices are important in determining emotional effects. Conclusion: The study concluded that modern design principles impact emotional communication. Considering emotional effects and aesthetic and functional design values enriches the user experience. Therefore, the most important conclusion is that design professionals and industrial designers should focus on integrating emotional communication into design processes.
THE USE OF DESIGN-BASED RESEARCH MODEL IN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN DISCIPLINE
Authors: ÖZTEKE AYSAL İlke , ÇALGÜNER Alper
Published: September 2024

Design-based research is an approach that integrates theoretical research and design to enhance educational and learning practices. Although it originated in the field of education, its ability to bridge theory and practice extends its benefits to other disciplines. Objective: This study explores how design-based research can be utilized within the discipline of industrial design. By addressing design-based research from a participatory design perspective, it introduces innovations to the field. This approach is anticipated to enrich the design process and encourage active user involvement. Method: The study focuses on a model for designing a mobile application that exemplifies the advantages of this approach. The initial design process incorporated information from the literature and surveys with designers. User testing of the designed mobile application prototype was conducted with both designers and users using methods like think-aloud and interviews. Data were coded through content analysis, organized into themes, and interpreted. Results: Literature and survey findings guided the creation of the initial prototype. The iterative process of design-based research included two main field studies. The data from the first study were inductively analyzed and coded, resulting in four themes: interface, content, operations, and cognitive state. These themes guided the redesign of the prototype for another study. The findings from this process were used to complete the application design. Conclusion: Design-based research serves as a bridge between theory and practice, centers participants, and offers continuous improvement, showing its applicability in many disciplines, including industrial design.
SOCIAL IMPACT BONDS AS AN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT FOR PUBLIC BUSINESS-PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pidvysotskyi Yan
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the mechanism of creation and functioning of social impact bonds. In the process of implementing social programs with the participation of the state, there is an urgent need to find and attract capital assets. However, not all financial instruments that exist on the market are able to provide the set goals precisely in the long-term perspective of achieving social effects. For this purpose, such a new financial instrument as a social impact bond is proposed. Due to its simplicity and convenience, this type of bond provides benefits both for socially vulnerable segments of the population and for investors who aim to be socially significant and responsible in society. At the same time, the effectiveness of the use of investment capital in this case will depend on the level of social effect, which must be measured and evaluated. The use of social impact bonds and their results have been confirmed by the experience of many countries around the world.
LEADING RISKS OF GEOPOLITICA AND GEOECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR
Authors:   State Organization “Institute of the Economy and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Redziuk Yevhenii
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the current leading risks of geopolitics and geo-economics for business activity in Ukraine. Research has shown that domestic business activity largely depends on the level of intensity and success of military operations in the east and south of Ukraine, in the protection of infrastructure, and the rapid restructuring of the economy for military needs. In addition, the risks lie in the NBU’s low-incentive financial and investment policy; inconsistency on military-technical assistance; failure of sanctions measures against the aggressor country; political uncertainty in many countries that actively support Ukraine in the war against the aggressor. There is also global defragmentation, as well as the emergence of new conflict zones in the world, which significantly reduces the growth rate of the global economy and trade, and complicate financial and investment processes in the world. All this requires Ukraine to strengthen its leadership, flexibility, prompt response to challenges and the formation of its own strategic vision for solving problems both at the international level, with regional cooperation and with internal mobilization of resources. This approach determines the strengthening and intellectualization of foreign policy institutions of Ukraine with the formation of optimal strategies, the selection of appropriate available external and internal resources in countering existing geopolitical and geo-economic risks.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE GLOBAL LABOUR MARKET
Authors: Sikorskyi Yurii
Published: September 2024

At the present stage, the labour market is significantly influenced by the development of technologies, in particular, artificial intelligence. The article analyses current developments in the field of artificial intelligence and their impact on the global labour market. According to Goldman Sachs, global GDP is expected to increase by 7% and labour productivity by 1.5 percentage points over the next decade. Analysts predict that changes in workflows caused by artificial intelligence could affect 300 million jobs worldwide. It is emphasised that historical analysis shows that jobs lost due to automation were compensated by the creation of new ones. It is emphasised that the knowledge and ability to work with artificial intelligence significantly increase the competitiveness of employees in the labour market, which is reflected in higher material motivation. According to the CEPR, specialists with AI skills can earn 8-17% more than the average in the labour market. It is emphasised that the introduction of new technologies requires the adaptation of jobs and the development of new professions, which will contribute to long-term growth and productivity. The proposed strategies for employee adaptation include professional reorientation, continuous training and flexibility. It is reserched that it is important for enterprises to invest in innovation, retraining and flexible organisational structures to remain competitive in the face of rapid changes in the labour market. Further research will include an analysis of state policy in the labour market under the influence of artificial intelligence.
A conceptual model of the distinctive behavior of a personality
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", GAVAZA Lesya ,   Kyiv Polytechnic Institute",   Igor Sikorsky, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . Modern society is characterized by a variety of individual characteristics manifested in a person's behavior. Distinctiveness is a type of behavior described by non-stereotypical actions, a person's tendency to manifest individuality, and the desire to be socially visible, aiming to create an impression and gain the attention of others. Objective. To develop and disclose a conceptual model of the distinctive behavior of personality. M e t h o d s . Euler-Venn diagrams were used to graphically represent the relationship between distinctive behavior and norms in a particular subject area. R e s u l t s . Two functional dependencies for social and personal factors influencing distinctive behavior are proposed. The concept of "norms", defined from the "angle of view" of the subject area in which a particular norm was formed, is introduced. Two functional dependencies for social and personal factors influencing distinctive behavior are formulated. The concept of norms defined from the "angle of view" of the subject area R is introduced. At the social system level, the forms of distinctiveness manifestation are hypothetically divided. The theory of optimal distinctiveness is considered. The proposed classification of behavioral signs of individual distinctiveness as an element of the social system is divided into three groups, and the main components of each group are highlighted. C o n c l u s i o n s . Through theoretical analysis of the scientific literature, it was determined that distinctive behavior can be described as a type of personality behavior based on the desire to express identity while overcoming the social norms that have developed in a certain reference group in the current period.
Value component in the structure of the motivational sphere of a serviceman's personality
Authors:   National Defence University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, HULIAK Uliana , LISNEVSKYI Vladlen ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . The article presents an analysis of modern theories and studies of the motivational sphere of personality, its structure, psychological features of functioning, and, in particular, in the context of combat activity, with the aim of outlining the value component in the structure of the motivational sphere of a serviceman's personality, defining it, and clarifying how values influence the motivation of a serviceman to combat activity. M e t h o d s . To solve the tasks set in this paper, theoretical research methods were used: analysis of scientific sources on the research topic, system analysis, synthesis, generalisation of scientific approaches, classification and specification of the system of values that determine the combat motivation of military personnel. R e s u l t s . The results indicate the key role of values in shaping the motivation of servicemen to fight, perform daily combat tasks and the desire to return to the battlefield. The analysis of scientific works shows that the motivational and value sphere is unique for each individual and a complex structure that inspires a person, encourages and gives strength to overcome life՚s difficulties. The analysed studies have also made it possible to state that the motivational and value sphere of personality as an integral psychological formation is currently represented through the phenomena of the value-sense sphere, personal values, goals of life, personal, social, and professional significance. In order to determine the motivational and value determinants of military personnel's combat activity, the characteristic features of such activity are analysed. The key definitions reflecting the relationship between values and motivation and their influence on the activity of the serviceman's personality in combat conditions are formulated. С o n c l u s i o n s . The motivational and value sphere enables the serviceman՚s personality to compare his own needs and motives with the values and social norms he has learned and understood, and regulates his activity. At the same time, it not only determines the ways and conditions for achieving goals, but also becomes a source of goals. In addition, the motivational and value sphere reflects the subjective attitude of a serviceman՚s personality to social reality, which manifests itself as a motivation for combat activity, behaviour in different situations and spheres of life. In the structure of a serviceman's personality, the motivational and value sphere characterises the internal readiness for combat activity and determines the direction of behavioural activity.
Impact of AI & AR on Consumer Perceptions of Various Firms: An Analysis
Authors: Shah Deep
Published: September 2024

The influence that Augmented Reality (AR) & Artificial Intelligence (AI) has had on the retail industry is the subject of this research. More specifically, the research focuses on how AR & AI has improved the shopping experience by including aspects of excitement and mystery. Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that enhances a user's experience of the real world by superimposing digital content on top of it. This results in interactions between customers and shops with the help of AI that are more customised and engaging. Enhanced shopping experiences for customers are being achieved by retailers through the implementation of augmented reality (AR) & AI through the utilisation of smart devices and developments in internet technology. This is accomplished through the use of features such as virtual fitting rooms and presentations of products in real time. In spite of the positive promises, there are additional problems that need to be handled. These challenges include high costs associated with technology, limited numbers of devices being used, and issues around privacy. A comprehensive literature review investigates a number of studies, such as Mussa's (2022) investigation into the connection between augmented reality (AR), consumer experience, and purchase intention during the post pandemic era, and Xue, Parker, and Hart's (2022) investigation into the application of AR & AI in the retail industry's consumer experience design. The themes that are being discussed include current developments in technology, real-world examples, and upcoming trends such as the incorporation of social media and the customisation of shopping experiences. Augmented reality (AR) & Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to boost customer confidence and raise the likelihood that they will make a purchase. The successful completion of integration is contingent upon overcoming technical obstacles and achieving commercial acceptability.
TOZ METALURJİSİYLE ÜRETİLEN NiTi’NİN MİKROSERTLİK VE MİKROYAPI DAVRANIŞI
Authors: Tosun Gül , Kaymak Tuncay , Tosun Nihat
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, biyomalzeme olan NiTi alaşımının toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretimi yapılmıştır. Üretim parametreleri 200, 400 MPa presleme basıncı, 800, 1100ºC sinterleme sıcaklığı ve 60, 90, 120 dakika sinterleme süresidir. Gözenekli yapıya sahip NiTi’nin üretim parametrelerine bağlı olarak mikrosertlik ve mikroyapı karekterizasyonu incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, üretim parametrelerinin değiştirilmesiyle birlikte hem mikrosertlikte hem de mikroyapıda önemli değişimlerin olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek sertlik 811,33 HV olarak ölçülürken en düşük sertlik ise 232 HV olarak ölçülmüştür.
GELENEKSEL VİTRAYIN LAZER TEKNOLOJİSİ İLE İNOVASYONU VE CAM MOBİLYA KAPAĞI TASARIMINA UYGULANMASI
Authors: Açık Cebrail
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada mimari geleneksel cam vitray süslemelerinden kumlama vitray ve boyama vitray tekniklerinin bilgisayar kontrollü lazer teknolojisi ile üretilebilirliği ve camlı mobilya elamanlarında kullanılması durumunda avantaj ve dezavantajları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada 4 mm kalınlığında cam kullanılmıştır. Cam yüzeyini işlemede 130 watt güç çıkışlı, karbondioksit gazlı tüp, 2 inch (50.8 mm) odak mesafeli lens donanımına sahip, su soğutmalı, 1,5 mm nozul çaplı ve 10,6 µm dalga boyunda lazer ışığına sahip CNC (Bilgisayarlı sayısal kontrol) lazer makinesi kullanılmıştır. İlk aşamada cam yüzeyinin işlenmesinde lazer gücü ve lazer hızının etkisini belirlemek için CNC lazer makinesinde, % 30, % 60 ve % 90 oranında cam deney örneği üzerine, farklı oranlarda lazer işlem hızı ve lazer işlem gücü parametreleri uygulanarak deney yapılmıştır. Deney sonuçlarından elde edilen bulgulara göre bir mobilya kapağına lazer kazıma vitray ve lazer boyama vitray uygulaması yapılarak elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Mobilya cam aksesuar aksamındaki lazer vitraylarda, düşük lazer gücünde ve yüksek lazer hızlarında işlenmiş vitrayların, başarıyla kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca lazerle işlenmiş cam yüzeylerine boyama vitray uygulaması yapılabileceği, ancak bu uygulamanın geleneksel boyama vitraya göre mobilya elamanlarına daha mat görüntünün dışında estetik anlamda fazla katkısı olmadığı sonucu elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda endüstriyel lazer kullanıcılarına, mobilya üretim ve tasarımcılarına önerilerde bulunulmuştur.