bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modular Casing Drilling Bits Design
Authors: Gómez Pedro José , Lafont Alejandro Federico
Published: October 2023

Absract

The average drilling activity for the operator is between 150 and 200 wells per year in the Gulf of San Jorge Basin (Muzzio, J (2017)). The majority of these wells are vertical and target oil and gas production, as well as injection wells for the development of the Cerro Dragón mature field. The first casing drilling tests were conducted in 2008. Initially, BHAs combining casing with recoverable components were used. Due to the geological characteristics of the field, such as dips, fault presence, and rock geomechanical properties, complete casing assemblies with premium connections and specific bottom hole assembly configurations were developed. The shoe track, as well as the designs of the drill bits and pup joints, have played a crucial role in achieving high penetration rates (ROP) and, more importantly, meeting directional drilling targets.

The objective of this paper is to present how the operator applied a methodology of continuous tool development, evaluating and mitigating risks, which aims to provide greater agility for design iteration, challenging the status quo through collaboration with our suppliers.

The casing drilling method used, for the most part the wells, falls under the classification of Casing Drilling Level 2 (M. Makri, (2016)), which involves drilling a well with a non-retrievable bottom hole assembly. Within the development of drill bit designs for this methodology, major suppliers primarily focused on the development of drill bits with drillable materials in the bit head and integral connections. As the methodology and associated technological improvements progressed, the need for connections that included internal check valves and ports for auxiliary cementing arose, and the use of drillable materials in the drill bit head was deemed unnecessary. Additionally, the operation and progress in results required the use of more than one type of connection, both in terms of diameters and thread types.
FPSO Longitudinal Cargo Tank Arrangement
Authors: Costa Filho Fernando Homem
Published: October 2023

The use of floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessels for offshore oil production has been deemed the most effective solution, mainly for deep waters applications where they eliminate the need to lay an expensive long-distance pipeline to an onshore terminal. Another advantage is its storage capacity of up to fourteen days of total oil production. The cargo tanks are arranged below the ship deck in the hull to store this production. So far, the arrangement of the tanks is the same as used in oil tankers from which the FPSO design came. This paper presents a longitudinal cargo tank arrangement that aims to reduce the amount of equipment and piping on the FPSO deck. This longitudinal arrangement saves topside weight and space and reduces FPSO construction and commission time. Further benefits are achieved by reducing the cost of operating and maintaining the storage and offloading systems due to reducing the number of cargo pumps and piping.
FPSO Guanabara: How we Overtake and Manage Complex and Unpredictable Scenarios to Reach the FPSO TOP in 9 Months
Authors: Rocha V. T. da S. , Garcia F. C. , Almeida E. C. , Joao L. V.
Published: October 2023

Shipbuilding industry had been impacted by COVID pandemic on the last years. In order to keep project schedule, some innovative actions were implemented. The objective of this project is present how FPSO Guanabara found an alternative highly efficient way to follow-up the construction and commissioning completeness, as well as operational start-up readiness on Mero, pre-salt of Santos Basin, off coast Brazil.

FPSO construction, in normal conditions, is recognized as a very traditional activity, where stakeholders (Owner, Shipyards, Operator, Class Societies, etc) control the main issues, that means it is possible to predict delivery date and associated commissioning completion/carry over list. The COVID pandemic has changed the scenario bringing a lot of uncertainties to the project such as: government restrictions for foreigner entry countries - lack of owner and operator survey on constructions sites; slow manpower ramp-up; need to perform site remote inspections, class society changing inspections mode, etc. FPSO Guanabara construction has implemented some actions to overcome restrictions imposed by the pandemic scenario: change location of construction site to country with more flexible control rules regard to covid; use of Chinese Partners as Surveyors of Petrobras, with remote post analysis by experts; reprioritization of activities in order to enable systems offshore commissioning, take the Unit straight to location in order to mitigate Covid contamination at anchorage point in Brazil sheltered waters.

FPSO Guanabara started oil production on April/2022, three months after arrival on Mero Field, directly from Dubai Shipyard. Six months later, the FPSO production ramped up to 150,000 BPD. The top of production (180,000 BPD) was achieved on Jan/2023, after 9 months of starting production, with a trajectory of high efficiency (more than 95% of average) and environmental sustainability (low flaring).

The actions taken establish a successful guide on how to manage adverse situations on shipbuilding industry.
Design of Subsea Jumpers with Preliminary Field Layout
Authors: Barros P. , Porto T. , Valer C. I.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this work is to present a new methodology (called: ‘SafeOP’) for the design of subsea Rigid Jumpers (RJ) to assist the development of EPCI (Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Installation) projects for submarine interconnection in Brazilian fields based on preliminary field layouts.

The new methodology is based on a more complete parametric study based on the layout of the field where there are limits given by the capacities of the pipes, connectors, or by the resistance of the well XT (Christmas Tree). The proposed flexibility of the arrangement is to analyze all possible configurations of a wellhead Rigid Jumper, between a first end PLET (Pipeline End Termination) and a XT, varying the angle between the Jumper and PLET heading, that is aligned with the Flowline. To be able to cover the spectrum of all connection possibilities between Jumper and Flowline and thus find an envelope for the positioning of the target boxes, which limits this angle according to the proposed geometry.

The results obtained with this methodology demonstrated to be very satisfactory, with great economy in the engineering executed on this type of design package.

The application of the methodology defines the angular limits where the arrangement works for the proposed field layout and thus, it will be possible to give greater flexibility due to the understanding of these limits and maximum angles where the design continues to be valid, even after changing the layout. This performed by simply checking the angle between the structures and updating the arrangement for the new angle and new lengths found.

This methodology is very important considering the detailed design of jumpers in an EPCI project is strongly linked to the geometry of the subsea field layout which may not be available at the early project stage. In addition, the design of the jumper involves interfaces with different project teams for activities, including preparation of specifications, procurement, fabrication, testing, assembly, loading, offshore transport, subsea installation, and commissioning of equipment. At the same time, due to schedule constraints, the design of jumpers cannot be carried out too late in the project, without delaying the interfacing activities.

As part of pre-salt developments offshore Brazil, the field layout may change significantly through the course of the project execution phase, to minimize the associated planning and financial risk for the project, the proposed approach allows decoupling of the rigid jumper design from the local field layout potential changes by defining beforehand associated working envelops for a full range of possible local field layout.
Long Tie Back Developments for Pre Salt
Authors: Laffray G. , Palermo T. , Fidel-Dufour A. , Pire M. , Snoussi W.
Published: October 2023

A study entitled "Long Subsea Tie-back Solutions for Pre-salt fields" was launched to compare different architectures concerning the hydrate and wax risks. In general, it aims the development of technical solutions and technologies applied to long subsea tie-back on pre-salt fields as a technically feasible and profitable solution. A fictive pre-salt field of two production wells located at 2,500m water depth tied back to a FPSO with a production flowline of around 30 km is considered.

This study started with a screening study to assess the technical feasibility of different "single line" concepts. A cost estimate study has been done in parallel to support the most cost-effective solution. Five architectures have been investigated: Two architectures without subsea processing: 1 trunkline;2 single lines.Two architectures with Subsea Separation Unit (SSU): SSU close to wells.SSU at riser base.One architecture with Multi Phase Pump (MPP) MPP close to wells.

At the end of this phase, only three architectures Trunkline, Riser Base SSU and MPP architectures have been retained as the most attractive ones in terms of operability and costs (as indicated in the Fig 1). The concept Subsea Separation Unit (SSU) located close to wells even if inducing low costs was not kept as difficult to operate within the production field life. The two single lines concept was not competitive compared to the trunkline one. Moreover, in terms of costs, a strong incentive has been demonstrated for "lighter" architecture concepts (i.e. a flowline thermal insulation of a wet insulated flowline compared to a Pipe in Pipe (PIP) flowline and without flowline heating system such as electrical trace heating with pipe in pipe insulation (ETH-PIP) technology).
State of the Art Pipeline Engineering Adopted for the BM-C-33 Offshore Export Pipeline
Authors: Nystrøm P. R. , Kristiansen N. Ø. , Gilbu E. J. , Lyngsaunet O. M. , Ilstad H. , Valeriano I. A.
Published: October 2023

The BM-C-33 gas export pipeline, with its dimension of 22/24"OD, is one of the deepest large-OD pipelines under development. The pipeline design at such water depth is pushing the boundaries of current design codes, line pipe manufacturing capabilities and available installation vessels in the market.

The purpose of this paper is to mainly focus on the key challenges and opportunities related to design, installation, and commissioning of the ultra-deep section of the BM-C-33 gas export pipeline route. Furthermore, it will outline associated mitigations that will be captured in the project development and execution phases.

Key challenges to be discussed in this paper are related to the ultra-deep end of the pipeline route includes high installation loads; wall thickness design considerations for high external pressure; large and complex pre-commissioning scope involving exploring using the REPLACE JIP methodology; PLEM design considerations; free span and thermal buckling mitigation strategies and route challenges.
Real-Time Monitoring and Diagnostics Applied to False Kick Detection
Authors: Oliveira L. A. , da Silva F. R. G. , Fonseca T. U. , Donatti C. N. , Carriço V. H. R. , Fasolin K. , Martins A. L.
Published: October 2023

Kicks are one of the main safety concerns in drilling operations, especially offshore, since they could lead to a blowout if not detected as soon it starts. Sometimes kick indicators can be smoothed and it might be difficult to determine if there is a real kick or another physical event taking place within the well. The fluid temperature effect might be misinterpreted as a kick migration, generates a false alarm, and stop operations until there is enough evidence that it is not a kick, due to the severe consequences that it can lead in a real occurrence. These thermal effects can be considered inherent to the operation, given that it is natural to deep wells reach higher temperatures in the subsurface and thus the fluid could experiment an expansion associated with an increase in pressure. The proposed calculation presented in this work acts in a way to reduce the time used to evaluate these specific situations in real-time and allows a safety operation resume. After development tests, the new false-kick module was included in a drilling digital twin software, currently in use by a drilling engineers’ team, on a 24×7 service inside the client Real-Time Operation Center (RTOC). While performing tests at the homologation server/database, the results were in agreement with the expectations, proving that around 40 minutes of rig time could be saved for each false kick detection. These results add value to the operations as it provides more sensitive information to be taken into account while evaluating a kick scenario and shortens the time frame reaction to deal with an inconclusive pressure/flow check. The novelty is the usage of a drilling digital twin to include a false kick analysis, enabling it to detect whether just a thermal effect occurred instead of a real kick. The numerical simulation already runs robust data monitoring, evaluating a big amount of data in real-time, and the new feature helps reducing operation risks to resume operations faster.
NADAH - New Approach of Design Against Hydrates
Authors: Candelier C. , Lesage N. , Saint Pierre T.
Published: October 2023

Hydrates, solid crystals looking like compact snow (gas system) or slurry (oil system), are formed of water and gas at high pressure and low temperature (Figure 1) [1]. These conditions are usually encountered during shutdowns and restart operations in deepwater environment.

Considering the associated production shortfalls and the cost of offshore remediation means, line blockage due to hydrates formation must be avoided [2]. And as a consequence, one of the main constraints in the design and operation of deepwater subsea developments has often been the management of hydrates in the production flowlines.
Using External Automated Ultrasonic Inspection (C-Scan) for Mapping Internal Corrosion on Offshore Caissons
Authors: Silva Arilson R. , Araujo Mauro D.
Published: October 2023

Caissons are typical large diameter and long length piping installed on FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading) and oil platforms. Basically, the components of a Caisson system are a centralized pump inside a cylinder (shell) and generally operates with sea water. These Caissons are susceptible to wall thickness thinning caused by abrasion and corrosion [3] on the internal surfaces. This corrosion occurs due to internal coating damages caused by internal shell impacts of the decentralized pump parts, during the operating condition.

Detecting Caisson internal thinning is not a simple task once the thinned areas are localized, which can occur at any place on the internal surface, and it is a huge area to inspect since a Caisson can have tens of meters and a large diameter. For this reason, punctual/spot ultrasonic thickness (UT) measurements are not effective, as it requires a complete surface scan using an NDT technique sensitive enough, such as an UT C-Scan. Another benefit of this application is the unnecessity of scaffolding or rope access, reducing human exposition risks and costs.

The mapping and sizing accuracy was achieved using a robotic remote-controlled magnetic wheel automated robotic scanner. The scanner adhered to the pipe's external surface following X, Y coordinates defined by the NDT instruction and adjusted during the field inspection. The robotic system is a high-resolution equipment, achieving up to 1x1 mm resolution. Another important system characteristic is the maneuverability that allows reaching even the most difficult access areas.

The objective of this paper is to present the results of an external inspections on Caissons using Robotic Automated Ultrasonic (C-Scan) corrosion mapping for detecting and sizing internal thinning. This NDT was done without scaffolding and coating removal. Many localized thinned areas were found, mapped, and sized. These localized thinned areas would not have been detected using punctual thickness measurement.

The results of 20 Caisson walls inspection showed outstanding results locating all corroded areas and high precision defect sizing. All robotic inspections were faster and provided lower costs and less human exposition risks, when compared to the traditional thickness measurement method used before.
Implementation of a Multi-Technology Approach for Flexible Risers' Inspection - Improving Effectiveness and Efficiency
Authors: Vagata A.
Published: October 2023

Flexible risers are an important component of offshore production systems of oil and gas. They are used to link subsea pipelines to floating installations, such as FPSOs. Flexible risers have been one of the preferred deepwater riser solutions in many regions of the world due to their good dynamic behavior and reliability.

Flexible risers are multi-layered pipes typically comprising of an inner flexible metal carcass surrounded by polymer layers and spiral wound steel layers, also referred to as armor wires. The most common integrity issues relating to flexible risers are mechanical damage to the outer sheath or a venting system's failure. These can lead to a pressure breach of the out sheath and flooding of the riser annulus, ultimately weakening the riser integrity through corrosion of the internal wire. This paper discusses the motivation and business driver for developing and implementing new and cost-effective flexible risers' inspection methodologies based on a multi-technology approach that allows the assessment of the flooding status of the riser and the corrosion status of the internal steel layers. The paper is based upon worldwide flexible risers' inspection campaigns. The complex multi-layered structure which characterizes the flexible risers is not favorable for inspection with most non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques, which makes structural integrity evaluation difficult. Initial industry efforts concentrated on the search for a single technique which would ensure reliable detection of armor failure, but recent experiences have shown that the safest approach may be to take advantage of a Multi-Technology Approach obtained when different instruments are combined. Backbone of the new multi-technology approach presented is the use of a MEC (Magnetic Eddy Current) based subsea crawler that has the key advantage to rapidly scan large surfaces with or without coating and detect reliably internal wire defects. MEC is complemented by a frequency-based ultrasonic measurements system to assess the flooding status of the riser. For the assessment of specific issues, a CT (Computed Tomography) scanner is used to support the inspection. The inspection data are processed in real time for an immediate assessment of the integrity of the asset. The crawler is equipped also with an advanced cleaning and high-definition video system. Examples are presented, and comparison is made between traditional and new inspection methodologies based on recent flexible risers' inspection campaigns to demonstrate the improvement of inspection effectiveness and efficiency.
Implementing Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Image Processing in Post-Stack Seismic Data to Delineated Structural Geological Features
Authors: Aqrawi A. A. , Aqrawi A. A.
Published: October 2023

Seismic attribute calculations have been traditionally used for measuring specific traits in seismic data for further interpretation (Chopra and Marfurt 2007). These calculations tend to have a fixed operator or window size from one sample to the other during the computation. They also tend to focus on single measurements and rely heavily on user input for parameterization. This tends to make it hard to reproduce results between users or even understand the certain choices made by various experts as they do their measurements and calculations on the seismic data. This can also be very limiting given the varied nature of the seismic signal and aspects such as seismic attenuation. One will tend to easily over sample or under sample at any given state in the seismic data as the signal changes, ultimately yielding results that need to be tweaked repetitively to get the perfect fit for the given depth/time the features of interest are in. We have looked at how we can calculate signal decomposition features for typical fluvial system detection in an adaptive fashion to overcome some of these challenges (Aqrawi and Aqrawi 2014).

In the past few decades, the concept of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to develop Machine Learning (ML) models to solve challenging issues in the various industrial sectors and in academia has skyrocketed, and for a good reason as well. As time has gone on, it has become clear that the "fourth industrial revolution" is the digital transformation, which is characterized by the convergence of technologies like robotics, artificial intelligence, and autonomous vehicles that blur the lines between the physical, digital, and biological realms (Sircar, et al. 2021) (See Figure 1, which represents the various fields of AI and ML).

Machine learning, which is a subset of AI, is defined as a computing paradigm in which the ability to solve the presented problem is developed by referring to similar prior cases called training examples. It reasons the problem by "learning" from the training examples. There are several tasks to which we can apply ML methods to. These include:
Systematic Modelling and Laboratory Testing to Allow the Potential for Economic Inorganic Scale Control in the Brazilian Pre-Salt Fields
Authors: Littlehales Ian , Simões Neto Saul , Dias Neto Jose Mateus , Lee Ji-young , Ko Saebom , Mendes Marcello , Graham Gordon , Dyer Sarah , Peat Stephnie
Published: October 2023

Pre-salt oil fields such as those produced in the Offshore market in Brazil, offer a unique set of challenges related to the control of inorganic scale deposits. Scale deposition has the potential to negatively impact production rates and profitability of the operations.

Often laboratory testing studies examine the performance of scale inhibitors using so called industry standard techniques like the Dynamic Scale Loop (DSL) but can sometimes be conducted under unrealistic scaling conditions considered by the operators or laboratory scientist to be "worst case". This however can severely limit the number of products that can be successfully qualified for application in the field and lead to recommendations of very high dose rates, which may not be achievable as water cuts increase. To successfully test chemicals in the laboratory prior to field application, the conditions of the tests must closely represent the field. This includes the brine chemistry of the well, the CO2 concentration and pH of the fluids.

This paper will detail the results of a new modelling and laboratory study which shows an extremely severe scaling regime that could be expected under the pre-assigned worst case field conditions leading to the failure of chemicals to economically prevent scale. However, when all parameters are considered, laboratory conditions were optimized to represent field conditions more closely, resulting in a more representative (milder) in-situ scaling regime such that chemical performance was significantly improved.

Ultimately when the laboratory conditions were tuned to the newly modelled in-situ field conditions, there was a significant reduction in the minimum effective dose (MED) determined in the lab for all conditions, offering the potential for effective treatments to be achieved even at increased water cuts.

This work shows that only focusing on one system parameter like maximum field pH results in an overly severe testing regime, limiting the number of products available to the Operating Company. The "worst case" approach also results in the dose rates of those chemicals which are selected being unrealistically high for field application at high water cuts. When more representative in-situ conditions are modelled and then utilised in the laboratory, a wide range of scale inhibitor chemistries would potentially be available for field applications allowing the operator to realize significant OPEX savings. The paper also highlights how careful modelling and optimisation of test conditions is a critical aspect associated with scale inhibitor qualification and highlights the best practice approach to selecting and optimising test conditions in the laboratory to ensure they remain representative of the field conditions.
FPSO Compressed Air System Optimization
Authors: Costa Fernando Homem
Published: October 2023

Offshore facilities typically use compressed air to operate their instrumentation, control valves, and auxiliary services, mainly in classified areas. Depending on the characteristics of the offshore facility, compressed air can even participate in the industrial process. To meet this demand for compressed air, offshore facilities use a specific system to generate the required compressed air reliably. Generally, the systems that generate compressed air are made up of motorized air compressors, filters, air dryers, and tanks for storage. Considering an FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading), the compressed air system supplies air to the plant and ship for instrumentation and service, and several other moto compressors feed air accumulators to start up diesel motors mainly for emergency electric generators and firefighting pumps. This paper presents a proposal for FPSOs using compressed air in a gas turbine to feed all the systems that require compressed air. This feed is carried out through the bleeding part of the compressed air in the gas turbine compressor before it enters the combustor of the gas turbine to supply the compressed air systems. The supply is made through piping, valves, and heat exchangers designed to connect the gas turbine compressor to the FPSO air compressor systems. Besides increasing the compressed air system efficiency and reliability, a reduction in moto compressors is also expected.
Brass, Naval, Bars and Rods, 60.5Cu - 38.5Zn - 0.75Sn, Hard Temper (H04)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: October 2023

This specification covers a copper alloy (naval brass) in the form of bars and rods.
Reformation of the Iraqi legal system by the Coalition Provisional Authority after 2003 as an attempt towards WTO affiliation
Authors: Toughramachi Ali Taha Akrem , Akın Özlem Canbeldek
Published: October 2023

The World Trade Organization (WTO) plays an important role in the establishment of trade relations between its member nations through multilateral international trade agreements, which are considered an important source of international law that regulate commercial transactions, and reduce impediments to international trade among its members. Therefore, countries that are yet to join this organization continually attempt to do so. Thus, it is not in Iraq’s interest to remain outside the scope of the organization. This analytical study investigates the role of the Coalition Provisional Authority after 2003 and the fall of the Baath regime in the reformation of the Iraqi law system, especially with regard to commercial laws and Iraq’s integration with the international economic system following its accession to the WTO. The article concludes that these Coalition-led amendments to Iraqi laws laid the legal foundations for the opening of the Iraqi market. It argues that despite the continuation of this approach and the amendment of laws by the Iraqi parliament and government, there remain some legal obstacles to Iraq’s accession to the WTO. The study also suggests the existence of laws that are yet to be passed or amended.
Psychologia Arystotelesa, a w szczególności jego teoria nous poiêtikos
Authors: Brentano Franz
Published: October 2023

„Brentano opublikował swoją pracę o psychologii Arystotelesa pierwotnie w 1867 roku w języku niemieckim. Zalicza się ją do pierwszego okresu kształtowania się myśli tego filozofa, gdy skupiał się on na uważnej lekturze i interpretacji pism Stagiryty. To stadium rozpoczęło się w 1862 roku wraz z publikacją tekstu o znaczeniach bytu w pismach Arystotelesa i trwało ponad dekadę (Brentano powrócił do tego tematu w tzw. okresie florenckim). Lektury Stagiryty nie pozostają bez znaczenia dla koncepcji psychologii empirycznej, wyłożonej w Psychologii z empirycznego punktu widzenia z 1874 roku. Przekład książki pt. Psychologia Arystotelesa, a w szczególności jego teoria nous poiêtikos, dokonany i opracowany przez Sonię Kamińską-Tarkowską we współpracy z Łukaszem Kozakiem (redakcja merytoryczna i językowa) oraz Grzegorzem Słowińskim (przekład, konsultacje oraz redakcja greki i łaciny), pozwala na pełniejsze zrozumienie rozwoju filozoficznego Brentana. Wartość tomu dostrzegam przede wszystkim w tym, że może pomóc polskiemu czytelnikowi zgłębić podstawy idei przedstawionych w książce z 1874 roku, na przykład teorii części i całości czy też zakresu stosowania metody opisowej w psychologii (empirycznej). Biorąc pod uwagę rosnące w specjalistycznej literaturze światowej zainteresowanie filozofią Brentana, można stwierdzić, że publikacja niniejszego przekładu wpisuje się w ten nurt i bez wątpienia będzie stanowiła ważny i trwały wkład do polskich studiów nad Brentanem, Arystotelesem i historią filozofii XIX wieku”. Z recenzji dr. hab. Witolda Płotki, prof. UKSW
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI SAINS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI KELAS X
Authors: Dewi Rianti Adisti Puspa , Akbar Budhi , Meitiani Meitiani
Published: October 2023

This study aim to determine the ability of this type of communication science process skills of students in learning biology. This study was conducted in 2014-2015 school year from May to August 2015 in SMAN 12 Bekasi. The population in this study were students of class X of SMAN 12 Bekasi 2014-2015 school year, and the sample is graders totaling X.1 40 students taken using simple random sampling technique. The method used is descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the science process skills mastered type of communication skills of students considered good, with a percentage of 66%. Controlled communication skills of students in explaining the results of the experiment the percentage of 75%. Communication skills in creating graphics, and preparation of the report have a percentage of 65% and 64%, while communications capabilities make diagrams have a percentage of 59%. Debriefing history experienced by students is the habit of practicing create charts, graphs and tables, assessment reference in making charts, graphs, and tables, methods and model featuring charts, graphs, and tables, and preparations of report that create charts, graphs, and tables.Keywords: communication skills, learningbiology, high school student
Program MBKM: Meningkatkan Soft Skills Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi
Authors: Rahman Novita , Erwing Erwing , Adiansyah Romi , Amin Astuti Muh.
Published: October 2023

Independent campus is the Merdeka Learning Campus Merdeka (MBKM) program organized by the Ministry of Education and Culture. This study aims to determine whether through MBKM the soft-skills of biology education study program students have increased. this research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires distributed to biology education study program students who take part in the MBKM program. The results showed that the existence of MBKM activities had a good impact on improving the hard-skills and soft-skills of students, which could be seen from a number of respondents' answers, namely: 1) the ability to follow the MBKM program online; 2) the ability to adapt to new friends; 3) the ability to discuss, collaborate, provide advice in teams/groups; 4) the ability to use technological media; 5) the ability to analyze problems and solve problems in teams/groups; 6) the ability to make decisions with consideration of comparing opinions with one another; 7) the ability to follow the rules in MBKM activities as an attitude to improve learning discipline, besides that the improvement of hard-skills and soft-skills through the MBKM program can be seen in the Student Report obtained after the MBKM program is completed which lists the competency scores of hard-skills and soft-skills. Keywords: Biology Education Study Program Students, Merdeka Learning Merdeka Campus (MBKM), Soft Skills
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamahigobula
Authors: Ummah Marwatul , Tabaika Rosita , Karmila Fitriyah
Published: October 2023

Education plays an important role in building a country. The better the education in a country, the more developed the country will be. This is because good education will create good Human Resources (HR), and good Human Resources (HR) will certainly be more optimal in developing and advancing the country. Regarding the importance of education for a citizen in an effort to realize a virtuous nation's civilization, the Indonesian government provides a concrete formulation of national education goals. The learning outcomes are not only in the form of mastery of knowledge, but also skills and skills in seeing, analyzing and solving problems, making plans and making distributions. work, thus the activities and products resulting from these learning activities get an assessment. Assessment is not only done in writing, but also orally and performance appraisal. This study aims to analyze the effect of the cooperative script learning model on student learning outcomes at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamah Igobula.The type of research used in this study was quasi-experimental The design used in this study was the Two group pretest-posttest design. In this design, two groups were selected, then given a pretest to find out early whether there were differences between the experimental groups. and control group. The experimental group is the group that is treated with the Cooperative Script learning model and the control group is the group that is not treated with the conventional learning model. The results of student activities during the learning process are quite good, as well as the activities of a researcher who is observed by the teacher in question is in accordance with the lesson plan that has been set. Based on the results of the analysis carried out with the t test, the t value obtained = 1.733 at a significant level of 0.05 which states that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This means that there is a significant influence between the influence of the Cooperative Script learning model on the learning outcomes of students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamah Igobula. Keywords: Cooperative script learning ourcome
Pengaruh Bahan Pencemar (Deterjen) Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: J. Pelu Nurfina , Tabaika Rosita , Umagap Wirda Az
Published: October 2023

Detergent is a clothing cleanser that contains surfactants. Surfactants are active substances that are in the composition of detergents and are able to remove dirt on clothes. The effect of excessive use of detergents can damage the gills of fish, causing the survival of fish contained in water bodies cannot survive. If the water is polluted by high enough detergent, it can cause the tilapia icon to not be able to adapt until it finally collapses and dies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pollutant (detergent) on the survival of tilapia and the concentration of the detergent that had the most effect and at what time the tilapia was lethal. The method in this study is a laboratory experiment. This research was conducted in the MIPA laboratory at IAIN Ternate with a room temperature of 29◦C, which was designed for 2 repetitions. The sample of tilapia used was 40 fish with a length of 9-10cm totaling 20 fish in 2 replications. Quantitative data analysis using the Survival Rate (SR) formula or survival. The results of the study found that higher levels of detergent could cause tilapia to be unable to survive more than four days because tilapia were only able to adapt to the lowest detergent concentration range. Tilapia will die if they are not able to adapt to the presence of detergent doses in water bodies and decreased dissolved oxygen.Keywords: Pollution Materials (Detergent), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus),     Survival.
Pemanfaatan Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Sikkam (Bischofia javanica Blume) Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Dayon Nabinatur
Authors: Panjaitan Elida Octavia
Published: October 2023

Utilization of sikkam bark (Bischofia javanica Blume), has benefits as a mixed ingredient in the manufacture of Dayok Nabinatur. There are plants used to make the food, namely: Sikkam wood, grated coconut, galangal, ginger, lemongrass, shallots, garlic, bay leaves, peppercorns, red chilies. Sikkam also has benefits as herbal medicines. Seikkam is also a tree that has a height of 40m, a trunk diameter of 95-150cm, the trunk is straight, usually hard and strong. The leaves are green in color, 4-8 inches long and 7-22 mm thick, the leaf shape is oval, three-lobed and tapers to the tip of the leaf. The location of the leaves is spiral/circular, has long petioles (3-8 inches) edges serrated to finely serrated, leaf pinnate, glossy upper side. The fruit does not break down, is round, gummy, 1.2-1.5 cm in diameter, bluish-black when ripe, with 1-2 seeds in each chamber, oval brown seeds, 5 mm long. Keywords: Sikkam, Traditional Food, Dayok Nabinatur
Etnobotani: Pengetahuan Masyarakat Desa Tabangame dalam Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat
Authors: Sahil Isran , Juniartin Juniartin
Published: October 2023

Traditional knowledge of rural communities about medicinal plants should be documented by academics ar researchers and even local people as a legend from their ancestors that should be protected and preserved. The method used in this study is using descriptive qualitative method, data collection techniques through free interviews purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this study consisted of village heads who represented the community and had knowledge of medicinal plants, a healer as a person who often treated sick people and one patient who shared his experiences when using medicinal plants to treat his illness. The research method above can be explained as follows: (1) Interviews were conducted with the people of Tabangame Village to find out the types of plants, their processing and use as traditional medicine, (2) The local name, its characteristics, the parts used, how to use it and how it is used are recorded, (3) Documentation of each plant used by the community as a treatment.  There are four types of plants used for traditional medicine, namely jatropha or balacai (Jatropha curcas L) can treat shortness of breath, poison and internal medicine, betel nut or siri (Piper betle) can treat hives , Matoa or motoa (Pometia Pinnata) can treat ulcers and itching and cashew or yakis fruit (Anacardium occidentale) can treat cough. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Tabangame Village, Tradisional Knowledge
Letramento em Saúde Bucal Entre Adolescentes
Authors: Oliveira Fabíola Belkiss Santos de , Diogo Ana Tereza Silva , Antunes Eldson Lopes , Lima Camila Meuri Amorim , Barbosa Leonildo Marques , Oliveira Michelle Pimenta , Sales Marinilza Soares Mota , Leite Agda Silene , Silva Moreira Kelly Maria , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise descritiva do Letramento em Saúde Bucal (LSB) de adolescentes de uma cidade do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um Recorte do projeto “Levantamento epidemiológico das condições de saúde bucal e qualidade da assistência odontológica entre escolares de Montes Claros Minas Gerais - Brasil 2018”, realizado em 2019/2020. Estudo epidemiológico, quantitativo, transversal, descritivo com aplicação de questionário por meio de entrevistas. Amostra probabilística aleatória simples, nível de confiança de 95% (Z=1,96); erro amostral de 5%; taxa de não resposta de 10% foram incluídos escolares matriculados em escolas públicas da zona urbana nas idades índice de 12 e 15 anos. Os dados foram coletados por acadêmicos treinados, que usaram um software para esse fim. Resultados: A maioria dos adolescentes tem os pais (79,0%) e cirurgião-dentista(70,2%) como fontes de informação relacionadas à saúde bucal, principalmente por meio da internet (71,5 %) e vídeo educativo (62,0%); sobre escovação (94,6 %), uso de fio dental (90,4%) e alimentação (74,5%). A total compreensão (40,9%) e a avaliação (48,8%) das informações, bem como a aplicação sempre (27,4%) / frequentemente (23,6) foi registrada entre a maior parte dos adolescentes. Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes apresentou bons níveis de LSB, mas, necessitam melhorar a compreensão, a avaliação e a aplicação prática destas informações.
Labour migration in the United Kingdom post Brexit: its policies and reforms
Authors: Carby-Hall Joseph
Published: October 2023

This chapter analyses the British labour migration laws post Brexit inclusive of the European Union Settlement Scheme. The intricacies of the migration rules are explored and explained, leading the reader to understand the complex points-based system. An evaluation follows of the various employment routes’ visas with a mention of safe and legal routes. Its critical and theoretical conclusion accentuates the strengths and weaknesses of the contemporary British migration system.
Empowered Women in a Rural Community: A Case Study in Sarapiquí, Costa Rica
Authors: Lopez Estrada Patricia , Fernández-Mora Lady , Pérez-Hidalgo Estefanía
Published: October 2023

Community empowerment plays a key role in the working of society. Providing support and training opportunities to communities and promoting socioeconomic growth can be of fundamental importance to the progress of any region but is particularly important in rural areas. Women in rural communities frequently have been confined to playing roles in the home, despite recent literature suggesting that empowering them can boost the development of their communities. Drawing on inductive qualitative research, this case study describes the perceptions of five rural women from Sarapiquí in the Northern Region of Costa Rica after undergoing training in tourism entrepreneurship in the period 2015-2018. It also explores how their experiences and empowerment processes have contributed to their community. Centered on feminist theory, the study presents the women’s perspectives by employing content and thematic analysis, using WebQDA software to digitally categorize semantic relationships. Data were collected and triangulated through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and document gathering. Results show the participants’ active involvement in the community, exploring the implications of their gender roles and of family influence (mostly that of immediate family), along with the women’s individual perceptions of empowerment and their reflections on what it feels like to be empowered women. They experienced empowerment to be a driving force that favors their personal lives and that further influences community development, yet they note that the path to becoming empowered is challenging and time consuming. They also stated that their training and professional development processes were keys to consolidating their sense of empowerment in the community. This study seeks to better apprehend the experiences of women and the role they play in rural communities.
Evaluasi Usability Aplikasi Android Dharmadana Menggunakan Metode End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS)
Authors: Sugi Ardana I Made
Published: October 2023

Dharma Dana is an obligation of Hindus of 5% of income in accordance with the Bhisama Sabha Pandita Parisada concerning the fund. The amount of the Dharma Fund that is deposited to the Badan Dharma Dana Nasional (BDDN) is 2.5% of income. Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia Pusat as the supreme assembly for Indonesian Hinduism has the goal of creating a Hindu society with high belief, commitment and loyalty to the teachings of Hinduism towards physical and spiritual well-being. To make it easier for people to make funds (donations), an android-based application was created with the name Dharmadana application. Android applications are currently developing very quickly and have become an alternative media that can be used to convey the information needed by customers without any time or place limitations. One model for evaluating this android application is End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS). EUCS is a method for measuring the level of satisfaction of users of an application system by comparing the expectations and reality of an application. The EUCS evaluation model was developed by Doll & Torkzadeh. Evaluation using this model places more emphasis on end user satisfaction with technological aspects based on 5 (five) dimensions, namely content dimensions, accuracy dimensions, format dimensions, ease of use dimensions, and dimension of timeliness. The results showed that most of the Dharmadana applications (68.42%) were installed by generation X (born 1960 to 1980). The quality of the application on a scale of 5 for the content dimension is very good (average score 4.14) while for other dimensions the quality is good. The dimensions of accuracy score 3.82, format score 3.87, ease of use score 3.91, and timeliness score 4.00. Quality needs to be improved for application features on dimensions with score good.
STUDY OF HYBRIDIZATION OF COMPLEMENTARY SINGLE-STRANDED POLYNUCLEOTIDES POLY(rA) AND POLY(rU)
Authors: Movsisyan Zvart H.
Published: October 2023

The study of the interaction of intercalators ethidium bromide (EtBr), methylene blue (MB) and groove binding compound Hoechst 33258 (H33258) with single-stranded synthetic polyribonucleotides poly(rA) and poly(rU) has been carried out by the method of UV-melting, at ionic strengths of the solution 0.04 M and 0.1 M. Stirring of poly(rA) and poly(rU) by equal-molar concentrations was shown to result in hybridization with formation of double-stranded (ds-) structure poly(rA)-poly(rU). It was revealed that EtBr, with higher degree in comparison with MB, stimulates hybridization and stabilizes the formed ds-structure poly(rA)-poly(rU). It was also found out that the hybridization process and affinity of EtBr and MB depend on the ionic strength of the solution and these processes occur much more effectively at the ionic strength 0.04 M. On the other hand, it was shown that the groove binding ligand H33258 practically does not affect the stabilization of the formed ds-structure poly(rA)-poly(rU).
Tinjauan Historis dan Sejarah Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Putri Ayilzi , Al Fattah Muhammad Mahdi , Daulay Aslamiyah Abda
Published: October 2023

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai hakikat pendidikan Islam (istilah Tarbiyah, Ta’lim dan Ta’dib). Jenis penelitian dalam tulisan ini ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun Teknik dalam pengumpulan data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan studi pustaka. Dengan rumusan masalah bagaimana hakikat pendidikan islam? Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pada hakikatnya pendidikan adalah metode pendidikan yang berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai Islam, yakni Al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Di dalam kerangka keislaman, terdapat 3 istilah yang dipakai untuk menunjukkan pendidikan. Ketiga term tersebut berasal dari bahasa Arab, yaitu tarbiyah, ta’lim dan ta’dib.