bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linear and nonlinear dielectric response of vdf60/tr40 copolymer in the vicinity of ferroelectric phase transition
Authors: Verkhovskaya K. A. , Pankova M. A. , Popov I. I. , Korotkov L. N.
Published: December 2024

The effect of the bias electric field E= (0–10 kV/cm) on the dielectric properties of the VDF60/Tr40 copolymer was studied within the temperature range of 20–110°C. It was found that the dielectric nonlinearity De, is negative in the polar phase and becomes positive above the Curie temperature (TC). The increase in TC under the field E= is not uniform. At E= Ec (Ec is the threshold field), the Curie temperature is practically independent of E=. At E= Ec, the increase of TC is observed. The presence of the threshold field indicates the presence of sources of random electric fields in the material under study. It is assumed that they are responsible for the smearing of the ferroelectric phase transition.
Plasmon polaritons of the TE and TM types in a metal film bordering a superlattice I. Properties of impedances of half-infinite media and films
Authors: Darinskii A. N.
Published: December 2024

A theoretical investigation is conducted into the behaviour of TE and TM-polarised surface plasmon polaritons in a metal film situated between a periodic superlattice and a homogeneous dielectric, or alternatively, between two periodic superlattices. The dispersion equations are derived in the form of the determinant of a real symmetric matrix equalling zero. The matrix is constituted by the surface impedances of the media and the film. A number of general properties of the impedances and eigenvalues of the matrices entering the dispersion equations are established.
Effect of environmental factors on recombinant activity of root nodule bacteria
Authors: Baymiev An. Kh. , Koryakov I. S. , Akimova Е. S. , Vladimirova А. А. , Baymiev Al. Kh.
Published: December 2024

The legume-rhizobia symbiosis is a unique natural phenomenon, which supplies the plant with the necessary mineral nitrogen via fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen. This interaction involves two partners: the legume plant and root nodule bacteria (rhizobia). In the wild, members of the Fabaceae family enter into symbiosis with a polymorphic group of rhizobia specific to them; the mechanism and reasons for the formation of heterogeneity of rhizobia are currently the subject of active research. In the present work, a Rhizobium leguminosarum strain strictly specific to Phaseolus vulgaris L. was used to show that within 30 days upon its introduction into soil, genetic rearrangements occurred in the cells, as was revealed by changes in the pattern of its genetic profile. It was also found that recombination activity of thecells was also affected by the root exudates produced during seed germination, which may indicate involvement of the plant in the formation of polymorphism of its microsymbionts. These findings suggest interpretation of this process not as a spontaneous event, but rather as the event controlled by the plant.
Connection between Hexuronate Metabolism and the Ability of Escherichia coli to Adhesion and Biofilm Formation
Authors: Bessonova T. A. , Kuznetsova U. D. , Magkaev A. T. , Gelfand M. S. , Ozoline O. N. , Tutukina M. N.
Published: December 2024

The formation of bacterial biofilms is an important factor of the chronic infection development, which requires the search for effective ways to prevent it. Here, it was found that hexuronates did not affect the biofilm formation by the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and its adhesive properties but reduced the efficiency of biofilm formation by the E. coli K-12 MG1655 strain, enhancing its adhesion to human intestinal carcinoma cells. It was shown that the regulators of hexuronate metabolism, UxuR and YjjM, are involved, along with cAMP-CRP, in the control of motility, adhesion and biofilm formation of E. coli K-12 MG1655. In addition, untranslated RNAs encoded in the uxuR gene play an important role inhibiting the main sigma factor of motility.
Effect of Probiotic Lactobacteria on the Intestinal Microbiota and Morphological and Physiological Indicators of Quail
Authors: Gavrilova E. A. , Karaseva O. S. , Monir Y. M. , Ezhkova A. M. , Ezhkov V. O. , Volkov R. A. , Senina A. M. , Khusnutdinova D. R. , Nikitina E. V. , Yarullina D. R. , Kayumov A. R.
Published: December 2024

The work shows the effect of adding Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AG10 biomass to quail feed. Quails that received a probiotic feed additive for seven weeks showed a significant improvement in such economic indicators as the dynamics of live weight, gutted carcass weight and feed consumption per 1 kg of gain. Using the analysis of libraries of 16S rRNA gene sequences sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform, shifts in the microbiota of the cecum were discovered, which can help improve the morphological and physiological parameters of quails.
Synthesis of peptide fragments spike glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 and studying their binding with human blood cells
Authors: Gribovskaya О. V. , Yanchenko V. V. , Tsygankov A. M. , Martinovich V. P.
Published: December 2024

A new method was tested that allows to evaluate activation of the Spike surface protein of SARS-CoV-2 blood leukocytes by synthetic peptides, fragments Lys-Ile-Ala-Asp-Tyr-Asn-Tyr-Lys-Leu (417–425 аа) and Val-Arg-Gln-Ala-Pro-Asn-Gly-Gln-Thr (407–415 аа). It was found that these peptides, regardless of the HLA-A phenotype of the subjects, could bind to leukocytes, which indicates the universality of reactions to peptides, especially in innate immune cells. It was shown that the Lys-Ile-Ala-Asp-Tyr-Asn-Tyr-Lys-Leu peptide contacted the blood leukocytes of the subjects, activated the lymphocytes and basophils of the subjects (statistically significant), which was confirmed by an increase in gamma interferon compared to the Val-Arg-Gln-Ala-Pro-Asn-Gly-Gln-Thr. Thus, this work demonstrates an approach to creating a new peptide vaccine against COVID-19 at the stage of in vitro research.
Obtaining of active amino groups on a surface of a polyethylene terephthalate films and their quantitative evaluation
Authors: Shtylev G. F. , Shishkin I. Y. , Lapa S. A. , Shershov V. E. , Barsky V. E. , Polyakov S. A. , Vasiliskov V. A. , Zasedateleva O. A. , Kuznetsova V. E. , Chudinov A. V.
Published: December 2024

A method has been developed for obtaining active amino groups on the surface of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. A method has been developed to quantify the concentration and distribution of chemically accessible amino groups on the surface of a PET substrate using the cyanine dye Cy5 and digital fluorescence microscopy. Amino groups can be used for further chemical modification of the PET surface, grafting of various functional groups and covalent binding with biomolecules, which opens up prospects for widespread use of inexpensive PET as functional substrates in biochips, biosensors, “laboratory-on-a-chip” devices and other biotechnological applications.
Recreation needs of personality as the basis of the functioning of recreation geography
Authors: Braslavska Oksana , Ozerova Liudmyla
Published: December 2024

The importance of the research problem lies in the attempt to solve an important task of modern recreational geography, which involves a clear formulation of its functions and the disclosure of possible ways to form and meet the recreational needs of the individual. New in the work is the idea of expanding the structural units of recreational geography, which will make it possible to improve recreational activities in terms of their relation to certain territories. The practicality of the article as a factual material will allow the use of various views of scientists on the problem in the study of recreational geography by higher education students and the promotion of their views on the need for recreational activities of the individual as an important element in the restoration of personal strength. The study used generally accepted methods: analysis of literary sources on the outlined topic, their processing, description and generalization.

The main result of the work was the confirmation of the idea of recreational needs as the basis for the functioning of recreational geography (medical and biological, socio-cultural, economic, and political functions of recreational geography).

Keywords: recreational geography, recreational needs, physical strength, spiritual health, functionality of recreational geography, recreational activities, territorial organization of recreation, recreational resource potential, recreational and tourist infrastructure.
Analysis of the condition of coastal strips along the Sovytsia Stavchanska and Sovytsia Kitsmanska rivers and their role in preserving the quality of water bodies
Authors: Vudvud Maryna , Pasichnyk Mykola , Yushchenko Yurii
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the problem of implementation of the regulatory provision established by the Water and Land Codes of Ukraine regarding coastal protection strips. This problem has several aspects: practical, legal, scientific and hydrological. The problem is analysed by comparing the actual free protective strips with potential coastal protective strips, the position of which was determined taking into account the location of the indigenous shores. The research objects are the Stavchanska and Kitsmanska rivers. The analysis was carried out using GIS technologies and technologies for analysing remote sensing data. It was found that in the Sovytsia Kitsmanska basin, only 39.5 % of the ponds met the legal requirements for a coastal protection zone, while in the Sovytsia Stavchanska basin, this compliance was 44.5 %. Between 2018 and 2024, the condition of the area around the ponds changed significantly. In the Sowytsia Kitsmanska river basin, only 24 % of the ponds were found to meet the requirements of the riparian protection zone legislation, while in the Sowytsia Stawczanska river basin, the figure was 39.5 %. This indicates a progressive decrease in the compliance of the riparian protection zone of ponds in both basins.

The analysis of spectral images of the ponds using Sentinel-2 confirmed the problems with the ecological condition. In particular, the images showed siltation and eutrophication of the ponds, which can have a serious impact on the water resources and biodiversity of the region.

Keywords: geoecology, river hydroecology, GIS, remote sensing, coastal protection zones.
АНАЛІЗ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ ІЗ ЛОГІСТИКИ
Authors: ПАВЛЮК Оксана , ОПАНАСЮК Олександр , ЛИХОГОД Олександр
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу підходів до визначення «підготовки», яку визначають як діяльність, запас знань та готовність. Також проаналізовано трактування різними науковцями «професійної підготовки». В різних наукових джерелах професійна підготовка розглядається як багатовимірне явище, що поєднує процеси навчання, формування готовності та розвитку ключових компетентностей, необхідних для виконання професійних завдань. У роботі досліджено трактування поняття «професійна підготовка» у педагогічному, психологічному, соціологічному, економічному, технологічному та культурологічному аспектах. В нашому науковому пошуку було проаналізовано сучасні підходи до формування професійної готовності логістів, зокрема визначають комунікаційні, соціокультурні, професійні, управлінські, технологічні, креативні та етичні компетентності. Проаналізовано підходи до трактування професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців із логістики, зокрема її дефініції в контексті формування компетентностей, необхідних для виконання логістичних функцій. Визначено ключові компоненти професійної підготовки, такі як формування спеціальних знань, практичних умінь і навичок, соціокультурних і технологічних компетентностей, а також професійної відповідальності. Результати дослідження вказують на необхідність інтеграції міждисциплінарних підходів до професійної підготовки, що забезпечить якісну підготовку фахівців для сучасних викликів у сфері логістики.
PENGARUH ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING, PROFIT SHARING RATIO DAN EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION RATIO TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Latifani Saniya , Fadjar Achmad
Published: December 2024

Profitabilitas yang diukur oleh return on assets pada bank umum syariah di ASEAN masih terjadi fluktuasi ratio dari bank-bank tersebut sehingga tidak memenuhi tujuan yang diharapkan dimana profitabilitas dapat meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh islamic social reporting, profit sharing ratio, dan eqiutable distribution ratio terhadap profitabilitas yang diukur oleh return on assets pada bank umum syariah di Asia Tenggara periode 2018 sampai 2022. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 33 bank umum syariah di Asia Tenggara. Dari populasi tersebut diambil sampel terpilih sebanyak 30 bank umum syariah di Asia Tenggara menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan e-views. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa islamic social reporting dan profit sharing ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan equitable distribution ratio berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas pada bank umum syariah di Asia Tenggara.
OPTIMALISASI PAJAK DAERAH UNTUK FASILITAS PUBLIK STUDI EFISIENSI ALOKASI DAN DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL
Authors: Aryansah Januar Eko , Budiyanto M Nur , Ismail Rizky Ghoffar
Published: December 2024

Pengelolaan pajak daerah memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung pembangunan fasilitas publik yang berdampak langsung pada kesejahteraan masyarakat. Namun, ketidakefisienan dalam alokasi pajak sering kali menyebabkan ketimpangan dalam pembangunan infrastruktur, terutama di daerah tertinggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana optimalisasi alokasi pajak daerah dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pembangunan fasilitas publik dan mengurangi ketimpangan antarwilayah. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-eksploratif, data dikumpulkan dari wawancara mendalam dan diskus i kelompok terarah dengan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, termasuk masyarakat, pembayar pajak, akademisi, dan pemerintah daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tata kelola fiskal yang baik dan alokasi pajak yang efisien berkontribusi signifikan pada pembangunan fasilitas publik yang berkualitas dan merata. Sebaliknya, ketidakefisienan dalam pengelolaan pajak menyebabkan kesenjangan sosial dan ekonomi yang lebih dalam di daerah tertinggal. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya peningkatan kapasitas administrasi fiskal daerah untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan pajak. Selain itu, temuan ini memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan yang aplikatif untuk memastikan pemerataan pembangunan infrastruktur di seluruh wilayah. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan data longitudinal guna mengevaluasi dampak jangka panjang dari kebijakan fiskal yang lebih efisien.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN METODE ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) DAN FINANCIAL VALUE ADDED (FVA)
Authors: Gani Tharisa , Sumatriani Sumatriani , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The company's performance could be assessed through the profit it earned, but profit did not always reflect positive financial performance. This study was motivated by a decrease in profit experienced by one of the largest cement producers in Eastern Indonesia, which was PT Semen Tonasa. The purpose of this study was to measure the financial performance of PT Semen Tonasa from 2018 to 2022 using the Economic Value Added (EVA) and Financial Value Added (FVA) methods. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach. Data collection techniques involved document studies and interviews. The results showed that in 2018, the company recorded negative EVA and FVA values, indicating poor financial performance. This reflected that operational activities during that period were unable to create value for the company. In contrast, from 2019 to 2022, the company obtained positive EVA and FVA values, indicating good financial performance. This reflected that operational activities during this period were able to create value for the company.Keywords: Financial Performance, EVA, FVA
Earnings Management by Firms in the SEC’s Pilot Program
Authors: Hua Meiying , Skomra Justyna , Alam Pervaiz
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Using a sample of firms selected in a pilot program of the SEC Regulation SHO, we investigate whether managers make trade-off decisions between accrual-based earnings management and real activities manipulation over the period 2000-2015.Design/methodology/approach: Real activities manipulation is computed based on Roychowdhury (2006), and discretionary accruals are measured by modified Jones (1991) model. To examine trade-off decisions, we follow models developed by Zang (2012). Findings: We find that managers of pilot firms do not make strong sequential decisions about the use of accrual-based earnings management (ABEM) versus real activities earnings management (RAEM) and their decisions are not fully dependent on the relative costliness of earnings management.Originality: While prior studies provide evidence on short-selling firms and accrual management, no prior study has examined trade-off decisions between RAEM and ABEM for pilot firms, particularly during the pilot program.
The Impact of Distributive Justice Perceptions on Alternative Work Arrangement Participation Intentions in Public Accounting
Authors: McGowan Josh , Knight Margaret , Frazier M. Lance
Published: December 2024

Turnover and staffing issues are consistently ranked among public accounting firms' most critical issues, but the post-COVID-19 work environment adds new and unique challenges. Now that employees have experienced remote work, many do not want to return to the office. However, if employees do not believe they can be successful using a flexible work arrangement at their current firm, they may go elsewhere. The need for successful flexible work programs is exacerbated by the declining interest in the accounting profession, which is increasing the accounting labor shortage and making competition for talent even greater. Accounting firms need to understand what factors impact an employee’s decision to participate in an alternative work arrangement (AWA). This study explores factors that impact AWA participation intentions using organizational justice perceptions. Using a sample of 135 public accountants, distributive justice perceptions surrounding AWAs were found to be positively related to AWA participation intentions. This finding extends the current AWA literature and provides valuable information to public accounting firms. This result informs firm leaders about the importance of equitable career outcomes when employees are considering AWAs. Firms can leverage this insight to ensure performance evaluation metrics focus on specific, measurable employee outputs, which should help ensure that work-related outcomes are consistent between employees regardless of their work arrangement.
JENIS DAN PERSEBARAN ANGGREK DI BEBERAPA LOKASI DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG CIREMAI
Authors: Sri Wahjuningsih
Published: December 2024

Saat ini diperkirakan keberadaan dan kekayaan jenis anggrek di alam sudah mengalami perubahan. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui kekayaan atau keberadaan jenis-jenis anggrek di suatu kawasan yaitu dengan cara menidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi jenis di habitat alamnya. Pulau Jawa merupakan salah satu kawasan yang memiliki tingkat endemisitas jenis-jenis anggrek yang cukup tinggi termasuk di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). TNGC merupakan lahan bekas alih fungsi kawasan dari hutan produksi sehingga ada kemungkinan flora dan fauna yang ada di kawasan Gunung Ciremai telah berkurang termasuk tumbuhan anggrek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi jenis-jenis anggrek yang ada di hutan alam TNGC dan melakukan pengecekan keberadaan dan persebaran jenis anggrek di beberapa Blok di TNGC yaitu : Blok Kopi Cilaja, Gunung Putri dan Cigorowong. Pada kegiatan ini, didapatkan 13 jenis anggrek dimana keanekaragaman anggrek yang tertinggi terdapat di Kopi Cilaja sebanyak 11 jenis, Gunung Putri sebanyak 9 jenis dan Blok Cigorowong hanya 1 jenis. Setelah dilakukan diidentifikasi, dari 15 jenis angrek yang ditemukan ternyata 9 jenis termasuk ke dalam jenis anggrek epifit dan 6 jenis anggrek terrestrial atau tanah. Apabila diklasifikasi berdasarkan nilai jual, dari 15 jenis yang ditemukan hanya 8 jenis anggrek yang mempunyai nilai jual. Berdasarkan hal ini, ke-8 jenis anggrek ini sangat cocok untuk dikembangkan dan dibudidaya terutama dalam rangka pemberdayaan masyarakat di sekitar kawasan TN Gunung Ciremai.
Self‐reported alcohol use among pregnant women in the center of Israel
Authors: Weiss S. , Sharan H. , Merlob P.
Published: December 2024

The article describes a study among all 2,477 pregnant women, who gave birth in Rabin Medical Center during November 1999–April 2000. Its purposes were to identify the scope of alcohol use during pregnancy, and check children prenatally exposed to alcohol (daily drinking/binge drinking) for possible alcohol effects. Upon arrival, the women were given the hospital non‐anonymous admission questionnaire, which included socio‐demographic and obstetric variables. Three questions related to cigarette smoking during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy and alcohol use in the family were added. Those who drank were given another questionnaire, which included a question concerning the preferred type of alcoholic beverage, the TWEAK questionnaire, and three questions related to the frequency of drinking, the typical amounts consumed and the highest consumption level in each trimester. Relatively high rates of amnio centesis (26.52%), maternal‐serum alpha‐feto protein examination (72.22%), screening ultrasound (98.34%) and targeted ultrasound (27.77%) were found, and 8.8% reported smoking. However, in the light of the results of self‐report maternal alcohol use studies in various countries, and the fact that half of the Israeli women 18–40‐year‐old drink alcohol, the article tries to explain the reasons for the results obtained in the current study: abstinence among pregnant women (1.13% reported alcohol drinking during pregnancy) and nonexistence of alcohol drinking in the family (0.84% reported drinking by a family member), and suggests recommendations for future research.
The role of drug donations on hospital use of antibiotics during the war and postwar period
Authors: Škrbić Ranko , Babić‐Djurić Dragana , Stojisavljević‐Šatara Svjetlana , Stojaković Nataša , Nežić Lana
Published: December 2024

Using ATC/DDD methodology, we analyzed antibiotic utilization in the Clinical Centre of Banja Luka, one of the largest clinical centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the war and postwar period (1994–2000), as well as the role of drug donations on doctors' prescribing decisions.

The retrospective analysis of antibiotic utilization (group J according to the Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical – ATC classification) was based upon the data provided from the hospital computer centre and calculated as the number of defined daily doses (DDD) per 100 bed days.

The pharmacoepidemiological analysis showed that the total use of antibiotics changed markedly; in the war year of 1994, as well as in 1998, antibiotics were the second most frequently used group of drugs (19.7% and 14.1% of total drug utilization respectively), while in the following years antibiotics were considerably less used. These dynamics were significantly influenced by drug donations, the percentage of which in the overall antibiotic supply in 1996 was 91.5%, while in 1999 and in 2000 it decreased considerably to 46.8% and 45.6%, respectively. The most widely prescribed antibiotics were penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides and tetracyclines. Among these, the aminopenicillins, co‐trimoxazole, gentamicin and tetracyclines were mainly (70–100%) supplied as a drug donations. However, macrolides, cephalosporins and quinolones were less used due to fact that they were considerably less often delivered through drug donations.

It can be concluded that the drug donations had a significant impact on prescribing practice and the rational use of antibiotics in the Clinical Centre studied.
Optimizing Multi-GPU Training with Data Parallelism and Batch Size Selection
Authors: Kuziv Oleksii , Nazarkevych Mariia
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the optimization of deep learning model training in multi-GPU environments, focusing on the impact of batch size on computational efficiency and model performance. The authors conducted experiments using the MobileNetV2 architecture on a large-scale image dataset, employing single-GPU and multi-GPU setups. It was found that multi-GPU setups significantly reduced training times and mitigated memory constraints. Batch size configurations of 16, 32, 64, and 128 were analyzed to determine their influence on validation accuracy and convergence rates. The study established that a batch size of 64 provided the best balance between training efficiency and model generalization. The research highlights the benefits of data parallelism and multi-GPU systems while addressing the trade-offs between computational speed and accuracy. Suggestions for future work include developing adaptive batch size techniques and extending the analysis to other architectures and datasets.
Racionalizar la acumulación en una zona de sacrificio urbano-industrial: Nearshoring y otras contradicciones de ‘revivir’ el río Santiago, México.
Authors: McCulligh Cindy
Published: December 2024

La Cuenca Alta del río Santiago alberga el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, uno de los principales corredores industriales del país y uno de sus ríos más contaminados, el Santiago. La contaminación de este río ha desatado un conflicto socioambiental donde organizaciones de las comunidades ribereñas de El Salto y Juanacatlán denuncian la expansión urbana e industrial descontrolada que ha convertido a este territorio en una zona de sacrificio. En este artículo exploro las contradicciones y ausencias de una estrategia de nivel estatal iniciada en 2018 para el río Santiago, y el papel del Estado en términos más generales en la gestión y el aprovechamiento de una crisis ambiental para facilitar los procesos de acumulación capitalista en la cuenca fluvial. La actividad industrial se ha expandido en la región desde que se lanzó la estrategia del río y durante el período de la pandemia de covid-19. Al mismo tiempo, la estrategia de recuperación del río no sólo ha sido deficiente en acciones para controlar o reducir las fuentes industriales de contaminación.
Una visión cortada y utilitaria de los recursos hídricos margina los temas de la fragmentación del río a través de represas y desvíos, y de la extracción no controlada de aguas subterráneas. En este artículo, enfoco el análisis en el papel del Estado como una institución “creadora del ambiente” (environment-making) (Parenti, 2016), al adoptar una narrativa de crisis ambiental para justificar inversiones en infraestructura de tratamiento de aguas residuales al mismo tiempo que políticas de atracción de inversiones y la escasa fiscalización ambiental agudizan las causas de la crisis socioambiental en la cuenca.
Habitar zonas de sacrificio: experiencias de comunidades afectadas por rellenos sanitarios en Costa Rica
Authors: Mora Solano Sindy
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del artículo es analizar las experiencias de habitar en zonas de sacrificio vinculadas a los rellenos sanitarios de La Carpio y El Huazo, en Costa Rica. Se utiliza un método de estudio de casos, con la revisión de fuentes periodísticas, leyes, resoluciones a los recursos de amparo presentados ante la Sala Constitucional y entrevistas a habitantes de comunidades afectadas. En el artículo se plantea que habitar en zonas de sacrificio (Lerner, 2010) consiste no sólo en vivir la degradación ambiental que afecta a los territorios y los cuerpos, ya que proyectos de este tipo potencian el deterioro en los vínculos comunitarios y el debilitamiento de la relación con las instituciones estatales y municipales. A partir de la obra de Ahmed, se concluye que la constante interposición de denuncias, sin obtener respuesta, conlleva a un desgaste comunitario e institucional (Ahmed, 2022). La limitación del artículo reside en que no es posible acceder a todas las denuncias interpuestas por quienes habitan en las zonas de sacrificio, debido a que estas no son públicas. La originalidad consiste en que en el artículo se estudia cómo en dos comunidades trazadas por la desigualdad se configuraron zonas de sacrificio en donde se deposita la basura de la Gran Área Metropolitana.
Domestic Effects of the Pandemic-Induced Container Freight Disruption in a Globalized World
Authors: Pulido José
Published: December 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic severely disrupted the maritime transportation industry, leading to historic surge in container freight rates, which only returned to normal in 2023. In this paper I examine the welfare effects on a particular country, Colombia, of the observed disruption in international freight rates during the 2020-2023 period. For this, I use a quantitative model of international trade with out-of-steady-state transitional dynamics and a global production network, along with an instrumental variable approach to estimate a trade elasticity to freight. I quantify both the direct effects of freight increases on goods transported to and from Colombia, as well as the indirect impact of heightened rates on routes across the rest of the world. The freight disruption caused a welfare loss of 0.4%, attributable solely to the direct effects, as the indirect impact simultaneously enhances Colombia’s relative trade openness, thereby compensating for the increased shipping costs globally.
Enhancing Driver Factors of Rice Productivity and Farm Profitability
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Cahyati Nia , Noer Irmayani ,   Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Kurniawan Henry ,   Politeknik Negeri Lampung
Published: December 2024

The research aimed to analyze the external factors influencing the production and income of lowland rice farmers in South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study followed four stages: data collection, input, analysis, and interpretation. The research involved 50 farmers from the Sidomulyo District, with data gathered through questionnaires and interviews. The study identified key external factors affecting production, including land area (X1), seeds (X2), fertilizer (X3), pesticides (X4), and labor (X5). The production function was modeled as Ln Y = Ln 9.111 + 1.010 Ln X1 + 0.072 Ln X2 – 0.137 Ln X3 + 0.023 Ln X4 + 0.012 Ln X5, showing an increasing return to scale with a significance value > 0.05. This suggests that greater use of these production factors enhances rice production. The analysis revealed a good income of IDR 10,592,864.74, with R/C and B/C cash ratios exceeding 1, confirming that lowland rice farming in South Lampung Regency remains profitable. The study concludes that external factors significantly impact rice production and income, with potential for increased profitability through optimized resource use
Green synthesized seaweeds-based metal nanoparticles: therapeutic prospective for anticancer activity
Authors: Zeytünlüoğlu Ali
Published: December 2024

Nanoparticles containing metals such as silver, gold, copper, zinc, iron and magnesium are prepared via green synthesis by numerous prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms used in medical and various industrial applications. Nanoparticles in medical applications play an important role in the diagnosis of diseases by bioimaging, and in the treatment of diseases by gene and drug delivery, tissue engineering and implant applications. In the last ten years, numerous studies reported on the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and their effect on cancer cell lines utilizing seaweed extracts. Seaweeds is preferred because it has more advantages over other bio-sources in production via green synthesis of nanoparticles. Our findings clearly show that metal nanoparticles prepared by green synthesis using different seaweed species extracts damage cancer cells at the concentration range of 0.40-344 ug/mL and cause their deaths in laboratory experiments carried out in vivo. In this work, we provide details on the use of seaweed in metal nanoparticle synthesis, characterization methods, its advantages, and the applications of synthesised nanoparticles in cancer treatments.
Signature Verification using SVM Classifier
Authors: Advait Joshi  , Arjun G  , Divyam Arora  , Dr. Keerti Kulkarni
Published: December 2024

This review examines the use of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification for automated handwritten signature verification, a vital aspect of biometric authentication and fraud detection. Addressing challenges like intra-class variations and inter-class similarities, the system leverages MATLAB's SVM framework with image preprocessing techniques, including dimensional standardization (100x100 pixels), grayscale conversion, and vector transformation for feature extraction. Using a linear kernel, the SVM effectively constructs optimal hyperplanes to distinguish genuine signatures from forgeries with high accuracy and computational efficiency. The system excels in handling variations in signature styles and writing pressure, demonstrating robust performance through empirical testing and comparisons with recent studies. Future improvements could explore advanced feature extraction, alternative kernel functions, and deep learning integration to enhance reliability in real-world applications. This review underscores SVM's effectiveness as a reliable tool for biometric authentication.
Empathy Expression in Beauty Teaching Short Videos from Bilibili during Group Communication Era from the Perspective of Role Theory
Authors: Pei Pei
Published: December 2024

In the era of group communication, beauty teaching, as a kind of network interaction narrative, presents the empathetic expression of beauty bloggers through practical, transactional and common aesthetic methods: The cognition of the needs of themselves and the audiences, the understanding and empathy of the audience’s appearance anxiety, and the timely solution to the foreseen problems through various makeup techniques, strategies and products, are used to construct the audience’s desire for beauty and guide them to follow and imitate. The purpose is to attract the audience and arouse their emotions with the help of empathy expression used in the role play, so as to obtain attention and support. With this driving force, beauty teaching videos have gradually developed into a delayed interactive communication mode jointly constructed by beauty bloggers and audiences, in which bloggers seek attention by creating makeup, while audiences satisfy aesthetic needs by imitating bloggers.
The Privileges of Medieval Universities in Europe
Authors: Ma Fang , Fu Yuanyuan
Published: December 2024

Medieval universities are one of the legacies of the European Middle Ages that have lasted for more than a thousand years, and they enjoy many privileges, including civil rights such as the right of safe residence, independent judicial rights, tax exemption and exemption from servitude, and academic privileges such as the right to strike and relocate, and the issuance of teaching licenses. These privileges were obtained on the one hand because of the special status of the university and its teachers, and on the other hand, by the university taking advantage of the special relationship between the king and the pope. With the establishment of the nation-state, some of the privileges granted to medieval universities were either revoked by those in power or intervened by those in power and gradually declined.
The Role of the Communist Youth League in the Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities under the Background of the New Era
Authors: Hou Qiuping
Published: December 2024

Under the background of globalization and informatization, the Communist Youth League, as the CPC's assistant and reserve army, plays an increasingly prominent role in ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Through analysis, this paper expounds the guidance of values and ideological and political education, practical activities and voluntary service, the cultivation and management of student associations, the strengthening of mental health education, etc., and also highlights the Communist Youth League's innovative ideological and political education methods, practical education and ability improvement, organization construction and platform construction, collaborative education and resource sharing. Promoting campus culture construction and strengthening moral education play a key role. It reveals how the Communist Youth League not only promotes students 'all-round development effectively, but also cultivates students' social responsibility and moral sentiment through its diversified activities and ideological and political education mode, and contributes to the prosperity of campus culture and the construction of harmonious campus.
Analysis of the Government-led Function of Local Vocational Education
Authors: Chang Yuanyuan
Published: December 2024

In the development of vocational education in China, the leading role of the government is indispensable, but there are also some problems, mainly in: the concept of vocational education, unable to adapt to the requirements of economic development and industrial structure adjustment; insufficient investment of vocational education funds, lagging infrastructure construction; the development of vocational education and local economic construction; the government management system is not perfect. In view of these problems, the government should play a leading role in macro-control, supervision and management, funding input, social services and other aspects. Through the analysis of the problems existing in the development of local vocational education, we should further increase the investment in local vocational education, accelerate the pace of local vocational education reform, increase the policy support, and promote the sound and rapid development of local vocational education.
The Impact of Social Media Language on Modern English Rhetorical Techniques
Authors: Yu Han
Published: December 2024

The rise of social media has significantly influenced modern English rhetorical techniques, reshaping the ways in which people communicate, persuade, and construct meaning. This paper explores how the language used on social media platforms has affected English rhetoric, focusing on the use of brevity, informality, multimodal elements, and interactivity. The study analyzes how these changes reflect broader shifts in communication practices and their implications for rhetorical theory and practice. By examining specific examples from various platforms, the paper provides insight into how social media is transforming the landscape of modern English rhetoric, impacting both personal and professional communication.
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective School Leadership: Perceptions of Teachers and Principals
Authors: Su Yuhao , Zeng Xiaoxia , Zhao Shubin
Published: December 2024

School management is an organizational activity in which school administrators, under certain social and historical conditions, lead and guide teachers and staff through certain organizational structures and systems and by certain methods and means, give full play to the optimal overall functioning of the school's resources such as people, money, materials, time, space and information, and fruitfully achieve the goals of the school's work. In short, school management is the activity of managers to achieve the educational goals of the school through certain organizational forms and working methods. In cooperation with teachers, principals observe, understand and solve educational and teaching problems from the perspective of emotional intelligence, and promote teachers' professional development while realizing students' comprehensive and individualized development.
The Emotional Experiences of Fantasy Sports Participants
Authors: Wilkins Luke , Dowsett Ross , Zaborski Zoella , Scoles Laura , Kinrade Noel , Huynh Minh , Allen Peter
Published: December 2024

The growth of fantasy soccer has been rapid over the last decade. Yet, surprisingly, very little is understood about the emotional experiences associated with playing the game. The present study utilized the Multidimensional Emotion Questionnaire to measure the emotions of 1,932 fantasy soccer players categorized as having either low, low-to-moderate, moderate-to-high, or high engagement with the game. Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Dunn’s post-hoc tests found a very consistent pattern of emotional response characteristics (frequency, intensity, duration, and regulation) increasing in line with level of engagement (i.e., from fewest in low engagement players to most in high engagement players). Across the sample as a whole, paired-samples t-tests found positive emotions to be greater than negative emotions for frequency, intensity, and duration, but not regulation. These results can be used by stakeholders to optimize the playing experience and tailor the marketing of fantasy sports games.
ПРАКТИЧНІ КЕЙСИ РОЗРОБКИ СИСТЕМИ ВІДЕОСПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ РОБОТОТЕХНІЧНОЇ ПЛАТФОРМИ
Authors: Педченко Н. М. , Лактіонов О. І. , Янко А. С. , Боряк Б. Р.
Published: December 2024

Метою дослідження є підвищення ефективності відеоспостереження робототехнічної платформи за рахунок створення відповідної системи. Дослідження включає аналіз існуючих рішень щодо відеоспостереження на роботизованих платформах та дронах. Об’єктом дослідження є процес підвищення ефективності відеоспостереження на роботизованих платформах за допомогою кастомізації механізмів фіксації камер. Предметом дослідження є покращення конструкції кріплення камер, за рахунок використання механізмів переміщення по вертикалі й горизонталі. Запропоновано практичні кейси реалізації системи відеоспостереження на робото- технічній платформі. Для її імплементації створено тривимірну модель й конструкцію робототехнічної платформи, виготовлену засобами 3D-друку. Розглянуто кілька рішень щодо камер відеоспостереження, котрі фіксувалися на робототехнічній платформі різними способами. Перший спосіб, де використовувалася зафіксована у корпусі камера нічного бачення. Недоліком камери є її фіксація у корпусі робототехнічної платформи, що робить камеру не рухомою. Перевагою такої камери є можливість виконувати завдання у темряві. Другий спосіб – використання спеціального поворотного механізму камери. Він забезпечує рух камери по горизонталі й вертикалі, що утворює більший кут огляду для оператора. Перевагою вказаного механізму є можливість кріплення камер різних типів як камер для FPV, так і камер з функцією нічного бачення. На відміну від існуючих ідей, запропоноване рішення відрізняється унікальністю конструкції робототехнічної платформи. Це потребує додаткового налаштування додаткових механізмів кріплення камер відеоспостереження й спеціалізованого обладнання керування для керування. Запропоновані конструкції можуть бути використані на наземних роботизованих платформах як на підприємствах, так і силами спеціальних операцій.
РОЗПІЗНАВАННЯ ЕМОЦІЙ УЧАСНИКІВ ВІДЕОКОНФЕРЕНЦІЙ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МУЛЬТИМОДАЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Савчук Т. О. , Пастух І. П.
Published: December 2024

У роботі описано актуальність задачі аналізу емоцій у відеокомунікаціях, підкреслено важливість розуміння настроїв учасників для поліпшення якості взаємодії у сучасному світі, де відеозустрічі стають нормою у бізнесі, освіті та особистих контактах. Ефективне розуміння емоцій сприяє адаптації комунікації, вирішенню конфліктів на ранніх стадіях та покращенню загального сприйняття взаємодії. Незважаючи на наявність потужних інструментів для розпізнавання емоцій, як FaceReader та Microsoft Oxford Project, їхня ефективність обмежена через фокусування виключно на аналізі виразів облич. Точність таких систем часто поступається через недоліки в розпізнаванні емоцій, що вимагає удосконалення методів аналізу. Робота пропонує новітній підхід до розпізнавання емоцій учасників відеоконференцій через мультимодальний аналіз, що поєднує обробку фізичних характеристик голосу та виразів облич. Використання згорткових нейронних мереж дозволяє з високою точністю ідентифікувати емоційні стани, враховуючи різноманітні спотворення вхідних даних. Методика передбачає аналіз голосових даних, їх нормалізацію та перетворення у спектрограми для подальшої обробки нейронною мережею. Особлива увага приділяється процесу навчання мережі, що базується на методі градієнтного спуску, для підвищення точності розпізнавання емоцій. Результати експериментів демонструють перевагу запропонованого методу над існуючими програмними засобами, з підвищенням точності розпізнавання емоцій до 79%, що є значним поліпшення. Запропонований мультимодальний аналіз, що включає в себе комплексний підхід до аналізу звукових та візуальних характеристик, відкриває нові можливості для розвитку інструментів відеокомунікації та покращення міжособистісного спілкування. Висновки роботи підкреслюють значення інтегрованого підходу до розпізнавання емоцій, наголошуючи на потенціалі застосування згорткових нейронних мереж для ефективної обробки емоційних станів у реальному часі, що є ключовим для розширення можливостей відеокомунікацій.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ КОМПРЕСІЙНО-ФІЛЬТРАЦІЙНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ КАЗЕЇНУ-СИРЦЮ
Authors: Кравець О. І. , Шинкарик М. М. , Кравець В. І. , Стадницький М. А.
Published: December 2024

Складність зниження енергоємності сушіння та його інтенсифікації обумовлюється тим, що незважаючи на значне поширення даний процес є найменш дослідженим, у зв’язку із труднощами з якими зіштовхуються вчені при створенні математичної моделі одночасного перенесення теплових потоків, сухих речовин та вологи. Перспективним напрямком підвищення ефективності процесу сушіння є збільшення площі поверхні контакту фаз (матеріалу та сушильного агенту) для теплопередачі та масообміну. Досягти збільшення поверхні контакту можна використовуючи компресійно-фільтраційне метод сушіння замість звичайних конвективних способів. Однак компресійно-фільтраційне сушіння доцільно застосовувати лише по відношенню до матеріалів, що поєднують пористу структуру та пружні властивості. При цьому для визначення параметрів процесу сушіння важливими є компресійно-фільтраційні властивості матеріалу. До таких матеріалів зокрема відноситься казеїн. Метою досліджень було визначення компресійно-фільтраційних властивостей казеїну для оцінки можливості практичного застосування компресійно-фільтраційного сушіння по відношенні до казеїну. Результати досліджень компресійно-фільтраційних властивостей казеїну-сирцю свідчать, що останній володіє пружно-пластичними властивостями, які перебувають в однозначній залежність від значення тиску, що діє на шар казеїну. Після припинення дії тиску на шар казеїну його висота відновлюється на 88% у порівнянні із висотою шару до деформації. Тому можна стверджувати про можливість застосування компресійно-фільтраційного сушіння по відношенню до казеїну-сирцю. Результати дослідження пористості казеїну дозволили встановити, що об’єм сушильного агенту, який буде поглинатися шаром казеїну в процесі сушіння становитиме 66% від його об’єму. Це дозволить значно збільшити площу поверхні контакту фаз у порівнянні із іншими видами сушіння.