bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Schiffbruch & Erlösung. Ein Schattenriß
Authors: Meincke Inga
Published: September 2020

Skibbrud & frelse. Et skyggeridsAf Inga MeinckeI N. F. S. Grundtvigs frelseshistoriske tænkning står »Bame-Paradiset «, symboliseret af Udby og Sjælland, b.de ved hans (tanke)verdens begyndelse og slutning; som mytologisk-psykologisk billede motiverer den såvel længslen tilbage som anelsen om, hvorledes fremtiden - og vejen dertil - skal komme til at tage sig ud.Men (tanke)paradiset trues af den gennemgående kulturkrise, som Grundtvigs samtid i hans øjne er ramt af. Skylden herfor tilkommer den Store Franske Revolution som repræsentant for oplysningstidens kritiske filosofiske tænkning, som drog »det oplyste Europas øie fra Himlen til Jorden, for at skue en ny Himmel på Jorden« (US 1:177). Revolutionen fremtræder hos nnGrundtvig i dobbel skikkelse: positiv som del af hans verdenstolkning, negativ som trussel af netop denne tolkning.Revolutionens positive integration fremgår af dens stærkt ironiserende fremstilling i Mands Minde. Læserens øjne skal åbnes for, at den franske revolution i og for sig savner al betydning og at »fomuftsdyrkelsen« samt dens lykkeløfte kun er latterlig. Betydning får den alene gennem den fremragende stilling, Grundtvig tildeler den i sin verdenstolkning, hvor revolutionen – som forstandstidens afslutning - fungerer som overgang til »en haabefuld, herlig opblomstrende Fremtid«.Alligevel er dette forsøg på at indflette revolutionen i et grundtvigsk fortolkningmønster ikke uproblematisk, fordi den filosofiske kritik fra sin side betragter Grundtvigs historie- og menneskesyn udefra. Grundtvig m. gerne påst. sin verdenstolknings absolutte status som skuet/hørt/erfaret sandhed og dermed som absolut immanens, men kritikken sætter den på plads som et tolkningsforsøg blandt andre. Dermed bliver kritikken dens åndelige modpart, som forbitret m. bekæmpes.Kampen tager skikkelse af en omvendelsesproces. Forfatteren selv havde engang været fristet af oplysningsprogrammet, men gyste tilbage for det åndelige alternativ, dette bød ham: meningsløshed og d.d. Oplysningens afkald på hinsidige forklaringsmønstre vil og kan han ikke acceptere, og s. vender han bevidst ryggen til »Oplysningsbenradet« og ’gennemskuer’ dets sande v.sen som d.dbringende komediespil. Denne ’indsigt’ fungerer som en baglæns motivering af det på forhånd trufne valg. For at (læse)verdenen kan efterligne forfatterpersonlighedens beslutnings/gennemskuelsesproces, understreger han samtidens katastrofekarakter og fremhæver oplysningens forfærdelige virkninger såvel som nødvendigheden af at træffe et eksistentielt valg. Hans samtidige kommer så til at ’vælge’ mellem lys og mærke, liv og død, den franske revolution/oplysningen og Grundtvigs verdensanskuelse.Modsat det kritiske program skal Grundtvigs læsning af »Tilværelsens Gaade« v.re præget af entydighed, vished og universalitet; det skal v.re en sand »Klippe-0 i Fortolkningshavet«. For at forsvare denne status mod kritikken, m. Grundtvig udvikle forskellige strategier, som går såvel teksten som dens ophavsmand uangribelig. PÅ denne m.de skal bameparadisets oprindelige vished på højere niveau genoprettes.
Nekrolog over Poul Borum
Authors: Jensen Jørgen I.
Published: September 2020

Poul Borum 1931-1996By Jørgen I. JensenJørgen I. Jensen has written an obituary of the Danish literary critic and poet Poul Borum, whose book The Poet Grundtvig (Digteren Grundtvig) stands out as an essential contribution to the understanding of Grundtvig with implications far beyond the borders of literary criticism.
Den livsoplysende tekst
Authors: Bugge K. E.
Published: September 2020

The Life-Enlightening TextBy K.E. BuggeOn January 30th, 1998, a Grundtvig thesis was defended at the University of Linköping in Sweden. The writer is Bosse Bergstedt, who is employed at the Institute of Pedagogics and Psychology at that university. The thesis, which runs to 368 pages, is entitled: »Den livsupplysande texten. En läsning av N.F.S. Grundtvig's pedagogiska skrifter« (The Life-Enlightening Text. A Reading of N.F.S. Grundtvig’s Educational Writings). The book is published by Carlsson’s Publishing Company in Stockholm (1998).Bosse Bergstedt’s thesis is the fourth in a series of Swedish doctoral theses on Grundtvig. With this study of the relationship between oral and written presentation in Grundtvig, Bosse Bergstedt deals with a highly central theme in his writings. With its linguistic and literary analysis of Grundtvig’s pedagogical work, the thesis represents a new approach to the study of his educational writings. Earlier, the focus of interest was primarily on the educational ideas of the texts and their origin and background.The present review begins with a detailed overview of the contents of the book, followed by a number of supplementary and critical comments. It is noted, by way of introduction, that the writer has left large parts of Grundtvig’s writings out of consideration, and some examples are given of texts that might have been profitably included. Bosse Bergstedt has made use of two unprinted texts from the Grundtvig archives, which, however, do not seem to have been quoted directly from the manuscripts. In the biographical sections there are minor errors which are primarily due to the writer’s dependence on Edvard Lehmann’s Grundtvig book, which was published in Swedish in 1927. Furthermore, the categorization used by Bosse Bergstedt in his overview of earlier research, is debatable.In spite of such critical remarks, a balanced opinion of the work must conclude on a positive note. It is an extraordinarily well-written book, and it deals with a central issue in Grundtvig’s universe. Moreover, it is greatly to the writer’s credit that his evaluations of earlier scholars and their results are cautious and well-founded. Finally, one notices his humility towards his task, as it is appears, for example, from his repeated emphasis on the enigmatic nature of the texts.
C. I. Scharling, 3. januar 1897 - 13. august 1951
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

C. I. Scharling, 3rd january 1879 - 13th august 1951
Skrifter udgivet af Grundtvig-selskabet
Authors: Lundgreen-Nielsen Flemming , Michelsen William , Pedersen Kim Arne , Schjørring Jens Holger
Published: September 2020

Works published by the Grundtvig Society
Grundtvig-Selskabets årsberetning 2002
Authors: Balslev-Clausen Peter
Published: September 2020

Report on the Grundtvig Society's companyBy Peter Balslev-Clausen
Forfatteroversigt og forkortelser
Authors: Lundgreen-Nielsen Flemming , Bradley S. A. J. , Pedersen Kim Arne , Schjørring Jens Holger
Published: September 2020

List of authors' adresses and abbreviations
Forord
Authors: Pedersen Kim Arne
Published: September 2020

PrefaceBy Kim Arne Pedersen
“To establish a free and open forum”: A memoir of the founding of the Grundtvig Society
Authors: Bradley S. A. J.
Published: September 2020

"Etablering af et frit og åbent forum": En erindringsbog for grundlæggelsen af Grundtvig-SelskabetAf S. A. J. Bradley
Nyaars-Morgen - historie, fornyelse og fællesskab
Authors: Nyegaard Marie Louise
Published: September 2020

Nyaars-Morgen - historie, fornyelse og fællesskab[New Year ’s Morning - history, renewal and community]By Marie Louise NyegaardIn the year 1824 Grundtvig’s work was focused on allowing the past to speak into the present. To him man is an essential part of the stream of history and a being that must be capable of understanding the past in order to understand himself. According to Grundtvig there was a crucial connection between history and Christianity. This point is most clearly shown with his use of a mirror as a metaphor for both the meeting of the past and the present and the heavenly and the earthly.Moreover, Christianity reflects itself in history as the sky reflects itself in the ocean. As well, historical events can be seen as types and antitypes for one another and together provide a method of understanding the heavenly.Grundtvig’s calling to lead the North to the right awareness on history in order to enable a spiritual renewal is illustrated in his poem Nyaars-Morgen (New Year's Morning) from 1824. The poem is strongly characterised by Grundtvig’s self-symbolism where he projects himself as a poet, prophet and as a revivalist of the Nordic national character under the influence of the Holy Spirit. The ten songs of the poem show the road to the dawn of renewal as a stepwise development towards a common and national awareness of the Nordic past. The plot is shaped as a voyage into the poet’s own past and as a voyage into the Nordic heritage and history where the relationship between mythology, history and Christianity is questioned. Because Nordic mythology points to a glorious Christian future for the North, it turns out to be of crucial importance to Grundtvig's typologicalawareness of history.Within the poem a universe of most detailed imagery unfolds in which metaphors connect to both one another and to other metaphors in Grundtvig's works. To Grundtvig this imagery is a way for man to speak of the spiritual and become connected to his thoughts about the “Living Word", which is fundamentally an echo of the Word of Creation and at the same time the expression of the concept that man is made in the image of God.Nyaars-Morgen reveals a connection between Grundtvig's view on history, his role as a viewer and a poet, and the word as the embodiment of the Spirit. He views the stream of history as a force that will always connect people and the word as a meeting point for God and man. These thoughts are fundamental to Grundtvig's churchly views from 1825 where he emphasised the spoken creed as the foundation of the church rather than the written Bible. The churchly view was therefore a well-prepared continuation of thoughts that Grundtvig had already unfolded through his poetry in the years before.
‘Tre store højtider’: Et strukturelement i en salme af Grundtvig
Authors: Schiøler Aage
Published: September 2020

‘De store højtider’: Et strukturelement i en salme af Grundtvig[‘The great solemnities ’: A structural element in a hymn by Grundtvig]By Aage SchiølerTwo characteristic quotations from Grundtvig serve as guidelines in an analysis of the original, unpublished form of the Pentecostal hymn Blossom now, ye fields of the Church [Opblomstrer nu Guds kirkevange] from the early 1840s, and of its development through a second form (1843) to the hymn from 1853 now in use: The sun now shines in all its splendour [I al sin glans nu stråler solen]. The first quotation, from a Whitsun sermon of 1862, mentions the three fundamental manifestations of Christian faith (proclamation of the Gospel, Baptism, and the Lord's Supper) which Grundtvig calls ‘The three great solemnities’ and links with two other triads both taken from Paul’s epistles: righteousness, peace, and joy; and faith, hope, and love. The second quotation, two stanzas from a short hymn of 1837 on Christ’s Resurrection and Ascension, states three unavoidable conditions in human life: dependencies upon time, upon place, and upon human fellowship.As a precondition for understanding the Pentecostal hymn as a statement of faith, it is also necessary to discuss Grundtvig’s acceptance of the two doctrines: Original Sin (which is expressed in terms of “natural man” suffering “an early accident” which cannot “be repaired in a natural way”) and Redemption exclusively in Christ.Each of the three unavoidable conditions is aligned with one of ‘the three great solemnities’ and their associated triads, and thus the ‘solemnities’ serve to clarify the structure of the hymn’s three successive forms. It is found that, although the hymn grows by two stanzas in two stages, the main structure is preserved because the enlargements occur as additions of, first, joy, and, secondly, love - both of which are seen by Grundtvig as aspects of the third ‘great solemnity’, the Lord’s Supper, and both of which are connected with human fellowship. In the process, the hymn’s language is changed into a more homogeneous metaphorical style, emphasising the personal, existential aspect of Christian faith in contradistinction to its institutional appearance; and the original mood of wish and expectation is altered into the hopeful conviction that a new, revived future has already taken foothold within the Danish Church.The outcome is a spectacular integration of original theological thought and convincing poetic expression that reveals the redeeming and relieving effect of a Christian view of life vis-a-vis the basic conditions of human existence; and it places the hymn as an all but prescribed part of the main service in the Danish Church on Whitsunday.
Grundtvig and Tolkien on Beowulf: A comparative analysis
Authors: Busbee M. B.
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig and Tolkien on Beowulf: A comparative analysis[En komparativ analyse a f Grundtvigs og Tolkiens syn på heltekvadet Beowulf]Af M.B. BusbeeI 1941 betegnede Kemp Malone J. R. R. Tolkiens nu berømte forelæsning Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics (1936) som Grundtvig i nutidig klædedragt. I 1975 kommenterede Andreas Haarder Malones bemærkninger og hævdede, at Tolkiens konklusioner var hans egne. I stedet for at fortsætte skellet mellem studier af Grundtvig og Tolkien, hvoraf mange henkastet underforstår Grundtvigs indflydelse på Tolkien, er det på tide at revurdere de spørgsmål, der er involveret i Malones påstand og Haarders tilbagevisning.Derfor gennemfører denne artikel en analyse af Tolkiens udkast til hans forelæsning og en sammenligning af den trykte udgave af hans forelæsning og Grundtvigs kritiske kommentarer til digtet skrevet mellem 1815 og 1820.Analyserne foretages med henblik på at genoverveje følgende grundlæggende spørgsmål: Hvad vidste Tolkien om Grundtvig og hans kritik af digtet? Hvilke ligheder er der i de to mænds kritik af Beowulf digtet! Og vigtigst af alt: Trak Tolkien på Grundtvigs kommentarer, da han formulerede sit eget syn på Beowulf eller forsøgte han måske at svare igen?
Grundtvig-Selskabet af 8. september 1947: Årsberetning 2009
Authors: Balslev-Clausen Peter
Published: September 2020

Report on the Grundtvig Society's companyBy Peter Balslev-Clausen
Easter flower! what would you here?
Authors: Balslev-Clausen Peter
Published: September 2020

Easter flower! what would you here? Anthology of songs and hymns by N.F.S.Grundtvig. Translated into English by John Irons, Selected and editedAnne-Marie Mai & Jørn Henrik Petersen, Odense, Syddansk Universitetsforlag,2013. 83 pp.
Et melopoetisk greb på Grundtvigsalmen
Authors: Wierød Lea
Published: September 2020

A Melopoetic Approach to Grundtvig’s HymnsThe church hymns written by N.F.S. Grundtvig are simultaneously poems,theological statements and music, but they have predominantly beenthe subjects of theological research and, to a lesser extent, literary research.Musicological research has avoided literary critique of the texts of hymnsand, as a result, has nearly reduced itself to a theological-literary subdiscipline.Hymn scholarship maintains an underlying logocentricsm, whichfollows conceptions of the text as the actual hymn and the melody as itssubsidiary facilitator. These conceptions are implicit in the use of the genitivein the phrase “Grundtvig’s church hymns.” However, this perspectivecan be defended neither on the basis of Grundtvig’s own hymnologicalpoetics or through contemporary aesthetic theories about how significationis produced in medially mixed utterances, like the church hymn.In this article the author seeks to question the place of church hymns inhierarchies of word-music by shifting focus from the issue of “to whatdegree does this particular melody redeem Grundtvig’s text” to “what significanceis produced from the merging of words and melody in the hymnduring its situational utterance”.
Grundtvigs Nyaars-Morgen som bibelsk “videreskrivning”
Authors: Høgenhaven Jesper
Published: September 2020

Jakob Balling har foreslået at se Grundtvigs store digt Nyaars-Morgen (1824) somet eksempel på “moderniseret helligskrift”.
Magnús Eiríksson og Grundtvig
Authors: Koch Carl Henrik
Published: September 2020

I det 19. århundredes Danmark optrådte tre reformatorer: Grundtvig, Kierkegaardog den dansk-islandske teolog Magnús Eiríksson (1806-81), hvoraf densidste var den mest radikale.
Anmeldelser: Den gode – den onde
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: September 2020

Katrine Frøkjær Baunvig og Michael Schelde (red.) (2017), Den gode den onde.Om grundtvigianister og branditter, København, Eksistensen, 221 sider, 229 kr.
Grundtvig-litteratur 1951. En bibliografisk oversigt
Authors: Johansen Steen
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig literature 1951. A bibliographical overviewBy Steen Johansen
Fra Grundtvigs korrespondance med nordmænd. Tre norske breve til Kapellanen i Udby
Authors: Albeck Gustav
Published: September 2020

From Grundtvigs Correspondence with Norwegians. Three Letters to the Curate in Udbye. By Gustav Albeck. From Grundtvig’s extensive correspondence with Norwegians this essay brings to light three letters which together form a little “Sunbeam” — the story of an oldish, stagnated Norwegian student, Johan Walsen, whom the young Grundtvig, soon after he had become his father’s curate in Udby in 1811—12, got sent home to Bergen. The first letter is from Walsen’s mother, who expresses her grief at her son’s pitiable condition, but fears that he cannot be helped. The second, hitherto unpublished, is an extract from a very important letter from Jonas Rein, dated Feb. 25th, 1812, a letter which in the edition of Grundtvig’s Letters by Georg Christensen and Stener Grundtvig, Vol. I, p. 62—63, in wrongly attributed to Nordahl Brun. Rein fears, that Bergen will not be a good place for Walsen to live. Grundtvig, however, had not waited for his answer, but seen to it that Walsen was sent home (via Sweden) in Feb., 1812. The third letter is from Walsen and is dated from Bergen on March 7th, 1812. In it he tells of his arrival home and thanks Grundtvig and his father for the good help, they gave him. In the letter Walsen confesses that during his journey he became more firmly convinced that “man without God’s guidance is nothing”, and exclaims, “Thank God . . . I am saved” . We have little information about what happened to Walsen afterwards. We know, however, that in 1838 he published a devotional book with morning and evening hymns, as well as “hymns and prayers for the day when we go to the Lord’s table” . The essay also urges that an edition of Grundtvig’s extensive correspondence with Norwegians should be published, as a companion piece to the great edition of Bjørnson’s correspondence with Danes, which has recently appeared with the support of the Fund for Danish-Norwegian Co-operation.
La révolte des « carrés jaunes » : représentations et résistances des filles dans les médias au Québec
Authors: Mercier Élisabeth
Published: September 2020

Les codes vestimentaires mis en place dans les écoles du Québec au nom de la lutte contre l’hypersexualisation des jeunes sont aujourd’hui dénoncés pour leur sexisme par nombre d’élèves. À partir d’une analyse des textes parus de 2016 à 2018 dans les médias francophones à propos du mouvement de contestation des codes vestimentaires à l’école, appelé « mouvement des carrés jaunes », l’auteure examine les enjeux de représentation et de résistance des filles qui protestent. Elle montre que ces dernières troublent les normes de genre qui, au croisement de celles de l’âge, encadrent leur agentivité non seulement sexuelle mais également politique.
Pour les protéger de quoi? À l’écoute des adolescentes qui ont visionné la série de fiction sur le suicide 13 Reasons Why
Authors: Chandonnet Pénélope , Niquette Manon
Published: September 2020

Les auteures se penchent sur la production des significations par les adolescentes à propos du contenu d’une série de fiction sur le suicide, 13 Reasons Why, diffusée en ligne sur Netflix. Les avis parus dans les médias sur les effets négatifs potentiels de la série ont instauré un climat d’inquiétude. Les auteures ont procédé à une analyse thématique des commentaires publiés par des adolescentes sur la page Facebook de la série, en vue de répondre à des questions portant sur trois dimensions de la réception : l’expérience d’écoute, l’appropriation du contenu au quotidien et le contexte de panique morale.
Les pratiques numériques des femmes fans des feuilletons télévisés turcs en Grèce : entre plaisir coupable et résistance
Authors: Larochelle Dimitra Laurence
Published: September 2020

Regarder des feuilletons télévisés turcs en Grèce est une activité « taboue » aussi bien pour des raisons liées aux relations politiques tourmentées entre les deux pays voisins que pour des raisons de légitimité culturelle. Traitées comme des femmes intellectuellement pauvres et « moins Grecques », celles qui sont des fans de ces séries sont fortement critiquées ou même encore marginalisées par leur entourage. Dans ce contexte, les communautés numériques fonctionnent comme des refuges pour ces femmes où il leur est permis de s’exprimer, d’échanger et de développer leur propre identité. Au sein des communautés numériques, non seulement leurs préoccupations sont légitimées, mais elles ont également la possibilité d’entreprendre des pratiques qui leur sont interdites par ailleurs dans la société. Ces espaces virtuels constituent des champs dans lesquels les femmes fans peuvent mener des pratiques de résistance contre le système patriarcal qui leur impose la subordination. Dans ce sens, leur participation à ces communautés constitue une « praxis » féministe.
Multi-word Lexical Items and the Advanced Foreign Language User: Awareness Raising in the Context of Oral and Written Translation Training
Authors: Mitchel-Masiejczyk Alisa
Published: September 2020

The paper has two main objectives: the first is to present an overview of the phenomenon of multi-word items in English, and discuss their prevalence in native speaker usage. The second is to discuss how proficient non-native speakers of English, and in particular those who are training to become translators, may benefit from classroom training that increases awareness of the primary role of chunks and other multiword units in native-like speech. It is argued that classroom training may tend to emphasise grammar rules and lexis over building a repertoire of multi-word items; more practise in this area may improve fluency, conserve energy, and enhance long-term language learning among adult foreign language users with nuanced foreign language performance goals.
Endocranial anatomy of the ceratopsid dinosaur Triceratops and interpretations of sensory and motor function
Authors: Sakagami Rina , Kawabe Soichiro
Published: September 2020

Triceratops is one of the well-known Cretaceous ceratopsian dinosaurs. The ecology of Triceratops has been controversial because of its unique morphological features. However, arguments based on brain and inner ear structures have been scarce. In this study, two braincases (FPDM-V-9677 and FPDM-V-9775) were analyzed with computed tomography to generate three-dimensional virtual renderings of the endocasts of the cranial cavities and bony labyrinths. Quantitative analysis, including comparison of linear measurements of the degree of development of the olfactory bulb and inner ear, was performed on these virtual endocasts to acquire detailed neuroanatomical information. When compared with other dinosaurs, the olfactory bulb of Triceratops is relatively small, indicating that Triceratops had a reduced acuity in sense of smell. The lateral semicircular canal reveals that the basicranial axis of Triceratops is approximately 45° to the ground, which is an effective angle to display their horns as well as frill, and to graze. The semicircular canals of Triceratops are relatively smaller than those of primitive ceratopsians, such as Psittacosaurus and Protoceratops, suggesting that sensory input for the reflexive stabilization of gaze and posture of Triceratops was less developed than that of primitive ceratopsians. The cochlear length of Triceratops is relatively short when compared with other dinosaurs. Because cochlear length correlates with hearing frequency, Triceratops was likely adapted to hearing low frequencies.
Development of a noninvasive photograph-based method for the evaluation of body condition in free-ranging brown bears
Authors: Shirane Yuri , Mori Fumihiko , Yamanaka Masami , Nakanishi Masanao , Ishinazaka Tsuyoshi , Mano Tsutomu , Jimbo Mina , Sashika Mariko , Tsubota Toshio , Shimozuru Michito
Published: September 2020

Body condition is an important determinant of health, and its evaluation has practical applications for the conservation and management of mammals. We developed a noninvasive method that uses photographs to assess the body condition of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. First, we weighed and measured 476 bears captured during 1998–2017 and calculated their body condition index (BCI) based on residuals from the regression of body mass against body length. BCI showed seasonal changes and was lower in spring and summer than in autumn. The torso height:body length ratio was strongly correlated with BCI, which suggests that it can be used as an indicator of body condition. Second, we examined the precision of photograph-based measurements using an identifiable bear in the Rusha area, a special wildlife protection area on the peninsula. A total of 220 lateral photographs of this bear were taken September 24–26, 2017, and classified according to bear posture. The torso height:body/torso length ratio was calculated with four measurement methods and compared among bear postures in the photographs. The results showed torso height:horizontal torso length (TH:HTL) to be the indicator that could be applied to photographs of the most diverse postures, and its coefficient of variation for measurements was <5%. In addition, when analyzing photographs of this bear taken from June to October during 2016–2018, TH:HTL was significantly higher in autumn than in spring/summer, which indicates that this ratio reflects seasonal changes in body condition in wild bears. Third, we calculated BCI from actual measurements of seven females captured in the Rusha area and TH:HTL from photographs of the same individuals. We found a significant positive relationship between TH:HTL and BCI, which suggests that the body condition of brown bears can be estimated with high accuracy based on photographs. Our simple and accurate method is useful for monitoring bear body condition repeatedly over the years and contributes to further investigation of the relationships among body condition, food habits, and reproductive success.
Вековая история одной палеоботанической идеи, "Природа"
Authors: Наугольных Сергей Владимирович
Published: September 2020

Дан обзор находок листьев родов Glossopteris и Pursongia в пермских отложениях России в историческом ключе. Кратко рассмотрены основные проблемы систематики этих растений и их значение для палеофитогеографических реконструкций. Приведены представления автора об условиях образования местонахождений листьев Pursongia в верхнепермских отложениях, обнажающихся в бассейнах рек Малая Северная Двина и Сухона.
Изопикническая адвекция в Лофотенской котловине Норвежского моря, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Новоселова Е.В. , Белоненко Т.В.
Published: September 2020

Лофотенская котловина, расположенная в Норвежском море, является мощным накопителем атлантических вод. Заглубление атлантических вод в котловине определяет не только структуру ее водных масс, но и особенности процессов взаимодействия океан-атмосфера. В работе исследуются изопикническая адвекция и диапикническое перемешивание в Лофотенской котловине. По данным океанического реанализа GLORYS12V1 построены и проанализированы четыре изостерические -поверхности, в частности, глубина их залегания. Установлено, что изостерические поверхности в Лофотенской котловине имеют наклон в направлении с запада на восток с максимальными глубинами в центре котловины, где расположен квазипостоянный Лофотенский вихрь. Рассмотрено распределение температуры на изопикнических поверхностях. Проанализирована межгодовая и сезонная изменчивость их глубины залегания. Показано, что максимум глубины изостерических поверхностей поверхности наблюдается в 2010 г., который отмечается как год аномально больших глубин верхнего квазиоднородного слоя Лофотенской котловины, подтвержденных измерениями буев ARGO. Максимумы в 2000, 2010, 2013 и 2016 гг. соответствуют годам глубокой конвекции. Выявлено, что максимальная глубина на изостерических поверхностях достигается летом. Области с наибольшими глубинами летом также имеют максимальную площадь, а зимой минимальны. Это означает, с одной стороны, определенную инерцию изменения термохалинных характеристик атлантических водных масс, а с другой - сдвиг на 1-2 сезона влияния глубокой конвекции на изостерические поверхности. Показано, что изопикническая адвекция в Лофотенской котловине дает значительный вклад в ее роль как основного теплового резервуара субарктических морей.
Экспериментальные и модельные исследования распространения вод реки Ижоры в русле реки Невы, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Кондратьев С.А. , Шмакова М.В. , Игнатьева Н.В. , Иванова Е.В. , Гузиватый В.В.
Published: September 2020

Выполнено экспериментальное исследование по оценке траекторий распространения в акватории Невы вод одного из наиболее загрязненных притоков - реки Ижоры. Идентификация воды притока в русле Невы производилась на основе оценки величины общей минерализации (TDS), а также дополнительной интегральной характеристики качества воды - окислительно-восстановительного потенциала (Eh). На основе анализа результатов проведенного натурного эксперимента показано, что воды притоков (возможно загрязненные) после поступления в русло Невы прижимаются основным потоком к берегу и распространяются вдоль него в направлении течения, при этом поперечная турбулентная диффузия, способствующая перемешиванию водных масс, крайне незначительна. Для математического описания процесса массопереноса в русле Невы использована сопряженная математическая модель движения воды, транспорта наносов и растворенных примесей в открытом русле IL_MTRiver, разработанная в Институте озероведения РАН. В модели реализован взаимосвязанный расчет переменных состояния водного потока и потока твердого вещества. Единая система расчета движения воды и взвешенных частиц с физически обоснованной аппроксимацией процесса позволяет проследить перемещение взвешенного вещества по длине русла и оценить скорость осаждения частиц в случае уменьшения транспортирующего потенциала потока в соответствии со своей гидравлической крупностью и исходной скоростью перемещения. Взаимодействие движущегося потока и подстилающей поверхности в модели представлено физически обоснованными параметрами - коэффициентом внутреннего трения грунта и параметром сцепления грунта при сдвиге. Показано, что модель адекватно оценивает вдольбереговое распространение примеси при отсутствии перемешивания по сечению основного потока. В дальнейшем модель IL_MTRiver может быть использована для решения задач оценки возможного загрязнения невской воды в районе городских водозаборов и прогноза последствий возникновения аварийных ситуаций, связанных со сбросом загрязненных стоков, на близлежащих предприятиях, в том числе и на полигоне Красный Бор.
Perceptions of Ontario chiropractors on business education in chiropractic schools
Authors: Ciolfi Michael A. , Azad Ayla , Al-Azdee Mohammed , Habib Andrew , Lalla Amanda , Moslehi Madine , Nguyen Alex , Panah Bita Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Objective

Chiropractic, as a business in the health care system, has a component of entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is important to have business education in chiropractic schools. This study examines perceptions of business education in chiropractic schools as evaluated by Ontario, Canada, practicing chiropractors.

Methods

We conducted a series of interviews with 16 chiropractors practicing in Ontario. Questions aimed at analyzing 2 levels of chiropractors' perceptions on the quality of business education they received. The questions were designed around 2 concepts: perceived level of business knowledge acquired and current level of knowledge for 6 business topics. The topics included accounting and finance, organizational behavior and human resources, legal and ethical issues, strategic management, managerial decision making, and operational management. Interview responses were analyzed by grouping significant statements into themes followed by descriptions of what and how the subjects experienced the phenomena.

Results

The interviews revealed that Ontario practicing chiropractors' requirements for education in business skills are both broad and essential, embracing most if not all major business domains. Many participants indicated that the status of business education in chiropractic schools is minimally contributing to business skills following graduation.

Conclusion

Producing chiropractors with entrepreneurship skills requires enhanced business education in chiropractic schools. Perceptions of Ontario chiropractors reveal a gap between skill-oriented business training in chiropractic education and the skills needed to practice within the profession.
The Role of Pastors in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: Analysis of 176 Ante Natal Clinic Attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Eli S. , Kalio D. G. B. , Aaron F. , Okagua K. , Briggs N. C. T. , Wichendu P.
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Pastors and religious leaders have a role to play in the prevention of diseases, in this scenario prevention of breast cancer. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death globally in women between 44 – 50 years.

Aim: The role pastors and religious leaders play in the prevention of breast cancer exemplified by the analysis of 176 antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).

Methods: It was a prospective study of ANC attendees at the RSUTH. The information was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Results: A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed and 176 questionnaires retrieved. The mean gestational age was 32.4 years. The modal parity was 1.As regards level of education, tertiary were 129 (73-3%), secondary 43 (24.4%) and primary 4 (2.3%). Those aware of breast cancer were 159 (90.3%). Means of information by the subjects for breast cancer prevention were media 96 (54.6%), hospital 39 (22.0%), religious house 3 (3.8%) and others 38 (19.6%) Antenatal mothers who carried out self breast examination for detection of breast lumps were 95 (54%). Subjects who were aware of mammogram were 42 (23.9%) while those who had mammogram in the past were 2 (1.1%). ANC attendees who had family history of breast cancer were 7 (4%). The relationship between breast cancer awareness and educational status tertiary 123 (69.9%), secondary 34 (19.3%), primary 2 (1.1%) and no information on educational status 17(9.7%).

Conclusion: Though the level of breast cancer awareness was high 90.3%, religious houses contributed to only 3%. In addition, preventive measures such as self breast examination (54%) and mammogram (1.1%) are still not encouraging.
Overloaded Curriculum, Excessive Daily Academic Activities and Students’ Learning Effectiveness
Authors: Dianabasi Eduwem, Joy , Ugochukwu Ezeonwumelu, Victor
Published: September 2020

This paper examined the relationship between overloaded curriculum, excessive daily academic activities and the learning effectiveness of Junior secondary school students (JSS). The researchers used the ex-post facto research design to carry out the study. The study sought to determine the relationship that exist between overloaded curriculum, excessive daily academic activities and the learning effectiveness of JSS 3 students in public secondary schools in Uyo Education Zone. A sample of 220 JSS 3 students was randomly selected from the 36 public secondary schools in Uyo Education Zone. Data were collected using a researcher-designed instrument titled “Overloaded Curriculum Questionnaire, OCQ” and an adapted version of Kirkpatrick’s Learning Effectiveness Scale. Cronbach alpha technique was used in calculating the reliability of the instruments. Reliability scores of .79 and .87 were yielded for the OCQ and KLES respectively. Data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation, PPMC. The findings of the study indicated that duplication of learning contents and academic overload have significant relationship with learning effectiveness of young learners. The recommendations made based on the findings include that curriculum planners should use curriculum mapping to reduce redundancies inherent in our overloaded curriculum.
Dynamic transcriptome profiling toward understanding the development of the human embryonic heart during different Carnegie stages
Authors: Meng Zhuo , Wang Jian , Peng Jiayu , Zhou Yue , Zhou Shuang , Song Wenting , Chen Sun , Wang Qingjie , Bai Kai , Sun Kun
Published: September 2020

Transcriptional regulation participates in heart development. However, the transcriptomes of human embryonic hearts during Carnegie stage (CS)10–CS16 have not been elucidated. Here, we found marked changes in the morphology and transcriptome of the human embryonic heart from CS10 to CS11. At CS12–CS14, the embryonic heart undergoes hypoxia‐to‐aerobic transformation. At CS14–CS16, transcriptome functions were related to energy metabolism, regulation of cholesterol, and processes related to inorganic substances. Moreover, the transcriptomes of cardiac progenitor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) most overlapped with those of human embryonic hearts at CS10. Cardiomyocytes derived from hESCs considerably overlapped with embryonic hearts at CS14–CS16. Overall, these results provide a new perspective into the characteristics of human embryonic heart development.
Expression of HGF, pMet, and pAkt is related to benefit of radiotherapy after breast‐conserving surgery: a long‐term follow‐up of the SweBCG91‐RT randomised trial
Authors: Sjöström Martin , Veenstra Cynthia , Holmberg Erik , Karlsson Per , Killander Fredrika , Malmström Per , Niméus Emma , Fernö Mårten , Stål Olle
Published: September 2020

Experimental studies suggest that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, Met, in part also relying on Akt kinase activity, mediate radioresistance. We investigated the importance of these biomarkers for the risk of ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) after adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in primary breast cancer. HGF, phosphorylated Met (pMet) and phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) were evaluated immunohistochemically on tissue microarrays from 1004 patients in the SweBCG91‐RT trial, which randomly assigned patients to breast‐conserving therapy, with or without adjuvant RT. HGF was evaluated in the stroma (HGFstr); pMet in the membrane (pMetmem); HGF, pMet and pAkt in the cytoplasm (HGFcyt, pMetcyt, pAktcyt); and pAkt in the nucleus (pAktnuc). The prognostic and treatment predictive effects were evaluated to primary endpoint IBTR as first event during the first 5 years. Patients with tumours expressing low levels of HGFcyt and pMetcyt and high levels of pAktnuc derived a larger benefit from RT [hazard ratio (HR): 0.11 (0.037–0.30), 0.066 (0.016–0.28) and 0.094 (0.028–0.31), respectively] compared to patients with high expression of HGFcyt and pMetcyt, and low pAktnuc [HR: 0.36 (0.19–0.67), 0.35 (0.20–0.64) and 0.47 (0.32–0.71), respectively; interaction analyses: P = 0.052, 0.035 and 0.013, respectively]. These differences remained in multivariable analysis when adjusting for patient age, tumour size, histological grade, St Gallen subtype and systemic treatment (interaction analysis, P‐values: 0.085, 0.027, and 0.023, respectively). This study suggests that patients with immunohistochemically low HGFcyt, low pMetcyt and high pAktnuc may derive an increased benefit from RT after breast‐conserving surgery concerning the risk of developing IBTR.
Solid Electrolyte Interphases on Sodium Metal Anodes
Authors: Bao Changyuan , Wang Bo , Liu Peng , Wu Hao , Zhou Yu , Wang Dianlong , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue
Published: September 2020

Sodium metal anodes have attracted significant attention due to their high specific capacity (1166 mA h g−1), low redox potential (−2.71 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode), and abundant natural resources. Nevertheless, unstable solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) and uncontrolled dendrite growth critically hinder their commercialization. Notably, SEIs play a critical role in regulating Na deposition and improving the cycling stability of rechargeable Na metal batteries. Recently, SEI research on Na metal anodes has been intensively conducted worldwide; thus, a comprehensive review is necessary. Herein, initially, the fundamentals of SEI and the related issues induced by its intrinsic instability are discussed. Thereafter, advanced characterization techniques that unveil the morphological evolution and interfacial chemistry of Na metal anodes are presented. Subsequently, efficient strategies, including liquid electrolyte engineering, artificial SEI, and solid‐state electrolyte technology, to stabilize SEI films are outlined. Finally, key aspects and prospects in the development of SEI for Na metal anodes are highlighted. It is believed that this review will serve to further advance the understanding and development of SEIs for Na metal anodes.
MXene‐Based Conductive Organohydrogels with Long‐Term Environmental Stability and Multifunctionality
Authors: Wei Yuan , Xiang Lijing , Ou Huajie , Li Fang , Zhang Yazeng , Qian Yangyang , Hao Lijing , Diao Jingjing , Zhang Mengli , Zhu Penghui , Liu Yijun , Kuang Yudi , Chen Gang
Published: September 2020

Conductive hydrogels are promising interface materials utilized in bioelectronics for human–machine interactions. However, the low‐temperature induced freezing problem and water evaporation‐induced structural failures have significantly hindered their practical applications. To address these problems, herein, an elaborately designed nanocomposite organohydrogel is fabricated by introducing highly conductive MXene nanosheets into a tannic acid‐decorated cellulose nanofibrils/polyacrylamide hybrid gel network infiltrated with glycerol (Gly)/water binary solvent. Owing to the introduction of Gly, the as‐prepared organohydrogel demonstrates an outstanding flexibility and electrical conductivity under a wide temperature spectrum (from −36 to 60 °C), and exhibits long‐term stability in an open environment (>7 days). Additionally, the dynamic catechol‐borate ester bonds, along with the readily formed hydrogen bonds between the water and Gly molecules, further endow the organohydrogel with excellent stretchability (≈1500% strain), high tissue adhesiveness, and self‐healing properties. The favorable environmental stability and broad working strain range (≈500% strain); together with high sensitivity (gauge factor of 8.21) make this organohydrogel a promising candidate for both large and subtle motion monitoring.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Responsive Cu‐Doped Cs2AgBiBr6
Authors: Ji Fuxiang , Huang Yuqing , Wang Feng , Kobera Libor , Xie Fangyan , Klarbring Johan , Abbrent Sabina , Brus Jiri , Yin Chunyang , Simak Sergei I. , Abrikosov Igor A. , Buyanova Irina A. , Chen Weimin M. , Gao Feng
Published: September 2020

Lead‐free halide double perovskites (A2BIBIIIX6) with attractive optical and electronic features are considered to be a promising candidate to overcome the toxicity and stability issues of lead halide perovskites (APbX3). However, their poor absorption profiles limit device performance. Here the absorption band edge of Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite to the near‐infrared range is significantly broadened by developing doped double perovskites, Cs2(Ag:Cu)BiBr6. The partial replacement of Ag ions by Cu ions in the crystal lattice is confirmed by the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) measurements. Cu doping barely affects the bandgap of Cs2AgBiBr6; instead it introduces subbandgap states with strong absorption to the near‐infrared range. More interestingly, the near‐infrared absorption can generate band carriers upon excitation, as indicated by the photoconductivity measurement. This work sheds new light on the absorption modulation of halide double perovskites for future efficient optoelectronic devices.
Large‐Scale and Robust Multifunctional Vertically Aligned MoS2 Photo‐Memristors
Authors: Ranganathan Kamalakannan , Fiegenbaum‐Raz Mor , Ismach Ariel
Published: September 2020

Memristive devices have drawn considerable research attention due to their potential applications in non‐volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. The combination of resistive switching devices with light‐responsive materials is considered a novel way to integrate optical information with electrical circuitry. On the other hand, 2D materials have attracted substantial consideration, thanks to their unique crystal structure, as reflected in their chemical and physical properties. Although not the major focus, van der Waals solids are proven to be potential candidates in memristive devices. In this scheme, the majority of the resistive switching devices are implemented on planar flakes, obtained by mechanical exfoliation. Here a facile and robust methodology is utilized to grow large‐scale vertically aligned MoS2 (VA‐MoS2) films on standard silicon substrates. Memristive devices with the structure silver/VA‐MoS2/Si are shown to have low set‐ON voltages (<0.5 V), large‐retention times (>2 × 104 s), and high thermal stability (up to 350 °C). The proposed memristive device also exhibits long term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD) and photo‐active memory states. The large‐scale fabrication, together with the low operating voltages, high thermal stability, light‐responsive behavior, and LTP/LTD, make this approach very appealing for real‐life non‐volatile memory applications.
Recent Progress in Functional Materials for Selective Detection and Removal of Mercury(II) Ions
Authors: Dai Dihua , Yang Jie , Wang Yan , Yang Ying‐Wei
Published: September 2020

Severe disease and environmental pollution derived from heavy metal ions has become one of the major problems in global public health. In particular, mercury(II) as one type of highly poisonous pollutant can destroy human metabolism, central nervous system, and immune system, representing a critical threat to living systems. Therefore, exploitation of new strategies for designing and synthesizing eco‐friendly, efficient, and economical materials for selective detection and removal of Hg2+ is of great importance. Among the various measures for sensing, detection, and removal of mercury ions, advanced functional systems including nanomaterials, polymers, aggregation‐induced emission luminogens, and porous materials have attracted considerable attention over the past years due to their capabilities of real‐time detection, rapid removal, great anti‐interference, quick response, high selectivity, and low limit of detection. In this review, some efficient techniques and strategies for the detection and removal of mercury in aqueous solutions using the abovementioned functional materials are overviewed and the ways in which these advanced material systems are used to tackle the problem of mercury pollution are also discussed.