bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Varieties of Euroscepticism: The Case of the European Extreme Right
Authors: Vasilopoulou Sofia
Published: January 2022

The European extreme right has been understood as a monolithic entity regarding its Euroscepticism. Contrary to this, it is demonstrated in this article that in fact the extreme right adopts varying positions on Europe. Theoretically, party positions on Europe are conceptualised as a three-fold dimension, namely positions on first the principle, second the practice, and third the future of EU cooperation. From this, three types of Euroscepticism are identified. First, the ‘rejecting’ type comprising parties against all abovementioned dimensions. Second, the ‘conditional’ type containing parties not against the principle of EU cooperation but against its practice and its future. Third, the ‘compromising’ type including parties accepting both the principle and the practice of EU cooperation but opposing further integration. In accounting for this diversity, the article concludes that first, the parties displaying strong authoritarian values reject Europe regardless of their economic policy. Second, the parties refraining from ‘rejecting’ Euroscepticism support centrist and capitalist economic policies displaying comparatively less authoritarian values.
ЄВГЕН КОНОВАЛЕЦЬ І УКРАЇНСЬКА СТРІЛЕЦЬКА БРИГАДА В НІМЕЦЬКОМУ ЯБЛОННОМУ
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, KHOMA Ivan
Published: January 2022

До маловідомої сторінки діяльности полковника Є. Коновальця належить остання формальна посада в армії УНР – командир Української стрілецької бригади в Німецькому Яблонному. Це припадає на березень – липень 1920 р. Цей період є визначальним на етапі переходу від військової до політичної діяльности. Адже завдання, які були поставлені в умовах становища армії УНР на весну 1920 р., можна було виконати тільки політичним шляхом. Однак через дуже складні взаємини між політичним керівництвом УНР та ЗУНР Є. Коновальцю не вдалося організувати військову частину з інтернованих.
АКАДЕМІЧНА ГІМНАЗІЯ У ЛЬВОВІ В КОНТЕКСТІ АВСТРІЙСЬКОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА 1849–1909 РР.
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, KOTSIUMBAS Oresta
Published: January 2022

Охарактеризовано засади функціонування Академічної гімназії у Львові відповідно до шкільного законодавства 1849 і 1909 рр. Проаналізовано освітнє законодавство, яке регулювало розвиток гімназійної освіти. Основну увагу зосереджено на змісті освіти, навчальних дисциплінах, їх статусу, забезпеченості підручниками та наочним обладнанням. Також охарактеризовано організацію навчального часу, канікулярного періоду. Звернено увагу на контроль за організацією діяльности навчального закладу з боку гімназійних інспекторів.
Control of obesity-associated bronchial asthma depending on an age of debut and Arg16Gly polymorphism of the β2-adrenoreceptor gene
Authors: Kachkovska V. V.
Published: January 2022

Objective — to analyze the control level of obesity‑associated bronchial asthma (BA) with early or late onset depending on Arg16Gly polymorphism of the b2‑adrenoreceptor gene (b2‑AP).
Materials and methods. The study involved 553 BA patients and 95 apparently healthy individuals. They were divided into 2 groups: group I included 282 patients with late‑onset asthma (late‑onset asthma phenotype) and group II included 271 patients with early‑onset asthma (early‑onset asthma phenotype). The study has been approved by the Bioethics Committee of Medical Institute of Sumy State University. Arg16Gly polymorphism in the b2‑adrenoceptor gene (rs1042713) was determined using polymerase chain reaction‑restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. ACQ‑5 questionnaire was used to assess the level of BA control. Statistical analysis of obtained results was performed using SPSS‑17 program.
Results. The total BA control was reveled in 189 patients (34.2 %), partial — in 162 (29.3 %), and absence of control in 202 (36.5 %) subjects. Among the examined BA patients, 152 (27.5 %) subjects had normal body weight, 206 (37.3 %) were overweight and 195 (35.2 %) suffered from obesity. The visceral type of obesity was verified in all patients. The results of the analysis of control depending on the body mass index (BMI) showed significantly lower levels in BA patients with obesity as compared with patients with normal weight and overweight (all p = 0.001). At the same time, the level of control was lower in patients with early BA with obesity as compared with those with late BA, but did not differ significantly (p = 0.33). The dependence of the control level on the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the b2‑AR gene in obese patients with early BA was established. In the presence of the Gly/Gly genotype of the Arg16Gly b2‑AR gene polymorphism, the control level in patients with early‑onset BA was significantly lower than that in carriers of the Arg/Gly and Arg/Arg genotypes. The control of late‑onset BA did not depend on the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the b2‑AR gene.
Conclusions. A lower level of control was revealed in obese BA patients compared to overweight patients and subjects with normal body weight. The control score was lower in obese patients with early onset asthma compared to asthma with late BA onset. The level of control depended on the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the b2‑AR gene only in obese patients with early BA onset. The Gly/Gly genotype of the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the b2‑AR gene was associated with a lower level of control in patients with early onset BA.
String Quartets, Opp. 29 and 45
Authors: Spohr Louis
Published: January 2022

Louis Spohr's string quartets span his career as a composer and engage with the main trends in quartet writing of the time. There are virtuoso quartets, which are intended to showcase the first violinist; concertante quartets, which are suitable for performance in the home by amateurs; and connoisseur quartets, which show compositional skill and challenge the listener. Spohr's quartets not only span all three categories but also frequently blend these types of quartet in ways that contemporary performers and listeners found artful and appealing. This is especially true of the quartets that Spohr composed in the middle of his career. This volume includes two such sets, each of three quartets: op. 29, composed 1813–15 (first published ca.1815); and op. 45, from 1818 (first published 1819).
The Moralia of 1596, Part 1
Authors: Handl Jacob
Published: January 2022

Jacob Handl (1550–91), also known as Jacobus Gallus, has long been considered one of the most outstanding and prolific composers of the late sixteenth century. Although his masses and the motets of his monumental Opus musicum are widely familiar, his three volumes of Moralia—polyphonic settings of secular Latin poetry, for five and more parts—are considerably less well known. This is the first complete modern edition of Handl's Moralia.
PARTICIPAÇÃO EFETIVA DA COMUNIDADE ESCOLAR COMO CONDIÇÃO FUNDAMENTAL À IMPLANTAÇÃO DA AUTONOMIA FINANCEIRA NA ESCOLA
Authors: Nunes Romão Edgar
Published: January 2022

A apresentação deste artigo busca, como objetivos principais, analisar a aplicação dos princípios norteadores da gestão participativa e a execução dos programas financeiros desenvolvidos em uma Unidade Escolar e orientar a comunidade escolar e fora dela, como forma de enriquecer as discussões, para que possam promover de forma mais ampla a autonomia financeira. Para tanto, a pesquisa bibliográfica será utilizada como instrumento de análise teórica, a partir de análise de dados e outras informações colhidas em uma unidade escolar de Ariquemes, em Rondônia. Contará também com a análise dos objetivos contemplados com os programas financeiros que a Unidade Escolar executa, frutos da Descentralização, ainda que muito regrada, que foi implantada recentemente no Brasil: PROAFI — Programa de Apoio Financeiro, Estadual, PNAE - Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, Federal e do PEALE – Programa Estadual de Alimentação Escolar. O que nos leva à elaboração desse artigo não é tão-somente produzir munição no campo de proposta para reivindicar a autonomia financeira tão necessária às unidades escolares, já que inúmeros artigos reivindicando tal implantação foram produzidos no país, mas busca-se produzir uma análise sobre a falta de participação efetiva da comunidade escolar e externa aos muros da escola como sendo um problema que efetivamente se reflete na escola, não sendo unicamente o que ocorre nesta unidade escolar. Não se pretende essa autonomia financeira como forma de saciar desejos de aquisições de produtos, de estabelecer projetos, de poder construir ou de exibir-se como escola modelo, mas de ser capaz, enquanto uma unidade escolar consolidada, de construir projetos (necessários) voltados à sua clientela, escolhidos, discutidos e aprovados pela comunidade escolar como um todo. Implica dizer que da organização social surge uma força constituída, capaz e disposta a lutar e buscar novas conquistas e não simplesmente aceitar autonomias consentidas como há décadas são impostas, como um favor. A gestão democrática, mas sobretudo participativa, é fundamental dizer, é um princípio legal, é um direito, mas como direito, ele deve ser buscado, para não se tornar apenas um registro escrito. A organização da comunidade escolar, interna e externa, suas equipes e seu Conselho Escolar, é instrumento organizador para a ampliação da autonomia financeira necessária.
Inventions of personalness in Hungarian documentary filmmaking
Authors: Török Ervin
Published: January 2022

The study examines the “personalness” of Hungarian creative documentary films, and compares this new kind of personalness to the one characteristic of Hungarian documentaries from the 1970s. Three traditions of Hungarian documentaries are distinguished: vérité-films, avant-guard experimental films, and tabloid cinema, adapting the heritage of direct cinéma. The argument offers a discussion of diverse interpretive conditions of personalness for each of the three trends. Films in the tabloid cinema tradition make up the decisive trend of Hungarian documentaries, offering a specific attempt at “novelification”, the introduction of a sociological sensitivity, an attempt at representing social relationships in an objective way, as well as an ambiguous flirting with forms of fiction films. With the rhetorical structuring of the theme, the countrapuntal and dialogical representation and diverse stylization techniques, contemporary documentaries shift the sociological perspective of the documentaries from the 1970s, and point to its frequently limiting nature. They change the point of departure of films close to or continuing the tradition of verité-films: the “singularity of the witness” in these films takes over the fiction of neutral/objective observation dominant in the films of the 1970s. As a result, the documentary nature of the film image is fundamentally rethought in these films.
A kortárs litván dokumentumfilm fő irányainak kritikai áttekintése
Authors: Šukaitytė Renata
Published: January 2022

Ennek a cikknek a célja a kortárs litván dokumentumfilm fő irányainak áttekintése, különös tekintettel azokra a nemzedékekre, amelyek az 1990-es években, valamint az Európai Unióhoz való 2004-es csatlakozás előtti időszakban debütáltak, vagy a 2011-2012-es filmpolitikai reform utáni időszakban kezdtek el alkotni, amikor fokozatosan növekedett a filmek anyagi támogatása és a dokumentumfilmgyártás. Cikkemben ennek a kis iparágnak a legnagyobb kihívásait és kockázatait vázolom fel, és kiemelem a legjelentősebb litván dokumentumfilmeket. Célom annak vizsgálata, hogy a filmrendezők különböző generációi hogyan működnek a nemzeti filmgyártás és a dokumentumfilm globális műfaji keretei között, milyen retorikai és stíluseszközökkel mutatnak be nemzeti, regionális és nemzetközi érdeklődésre számot tartó témákat.
PERAN GANDA IBU RUMAH TANGGA (STUDI KASUS PADA TUKANG CUCI MOBIL/MOTOR)
Authors: Sari Riski Purnama , Agustang Andi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) beban kerja ganda yang dihadapi ibu rumah tangga sebagai tukang cuci mobil/motor, 2) strategi wanita dalam membagi waktu sebagai ibu rumah tangga dan tukang cuci mobil/motor. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 6 orang yang ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) beban kerja ganda yang dihadapi ibu rumah tangga sebagai tukang cuci mobil/motor ialah dalam melakukan dua peran yaitu ketika harus bekerja dan mengurus anak sekaligus dalam waktu yang bersamaan membuat mereka seringkali merasa kelelahan. 2) strategi wanita dalam membagi waktu sebagai ibu rumah tangga dan tukang cuci mobil/motor antara lain a) mengurus rumah dahulu kemudian berangkat kerja, b) berangkat kerja kemudian mengurus rumah setelah pulang dari kerja, c) berangkat kerja kemudian kembali lagi kerumah saat jam istirahat setelah itu kembali lagi ketempat kerja, dan d) membawa anak ketempat kerja.
TUHAN YANG ESA DAN ALLAH TRITUNGGAL
Authors: Pasaribu Ferdinan
Published: January 2022

Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Pribadi Mahakuasa dan Esa, Pencipta dan Pemelihara alam semesta, yang diakui oleh bangsa Indonesia sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Sila Pertama Pancasila, Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Manusia Indonesia adalah manusia yang percaya adanya Tuhan apapun agama dan kepercayaan mereka.Allah Tritunggal, Allah Bapa, Allah Putra yaitu Yesus Kristus, daSn Allah Roh Kudus. Alkitab mengajarkan bahwa Allah itu Esa dan Esa dalam kejamakan yaitu Bapa, Putra dan Roh Kudus. Ketiga yang Esa setara, sehakikat, kekal, kudus, mulia, mahabesar, mahatahu (Ul. 6:4-5; Mat. 3:17; 28:19; 2 Kor .13:13; 1 Yoh. 5:7,8)Allah Bapa. Alkitab mengajarkan bahwa Tuhan Yang Maha Esa itu adalah Allah yang memperkenalkan diri-Nya mula-mula sebagai Bapa. Dia adalah Allah Pencipta alam semesta dan manusia. Umat Israel memanggil-Nya Bapa, sebagai pemilik bangsa itu. Bila kita menyapa Allah itu Bapa maka kita dekat dengan-Nya, Dia pemilik hidup kita.Allah Anak, Allah Putra yaitu Yesus Kristus. Dia datang melalui kelahiran. Dia bertumbuh menjadi dewasa (Luk. 2:42,52). Dia adalah Allah yang diutus oleh Sang Bapa untuk mengerjakan pendamaian manusia kepada-Nya melalui karya-Nya di salib. Dia menyerahkan nyawa-Nya menjadi tebusa dosa banyak orang (Mrk. 10:45). Dia bangkit dan kembali ke sorga dan akan datang kembali sebagai Raja dan Hakim atas umat manusia.Allah Roh Kudus, Allah yang diutus Sang Bapa dan Sang Putra untuk melanjutkan karya Yesus Kristus bagi manusia (Yoh. 16:25-26). Dia bersaksi tentang siapa Yesus Kristus. Dia menuntun orang mengenal Sang Juruselamat (Yoh. 16:6- 8). Dia mendiami hidup orang percaya dan menguatkan iman mereka di tengah krisis dan tekanan.
Climate anxiety, pro-environmental action and wellbeing: antecedents and outcomes of negative emotional responses to climate change in 28 countries
Authors: Ogunbode Charles Adedayo
Published: January 2022

This study explored the antecedents and outcomes of negative emotional responses to climate change among people from a diverse range of cultural and national contexts. We analysed cross-sectional data gathered in 28 countries (N = 10,963). Our results show that negative emotional responses to climate change are positively related to the amount of attention people pay to climate change information, rates of exposure to information about climate change impacts, and perceived social expectations regarding emotional responding to climate change. Negative climate-related emotions were also positively related to pro-environmental behaviours and inversely associated with mental wellbeing. Notably, while negative climate-related emotions had a significant inverse association with mental wellbeing in all 28 countries, they only had a significant positive association with pro-environmental behaviour (46%) and environmental activism (25%) in a minority of countries. Our findings highlight the broad international significance of negative climate-related emotions as a plausible threat to mental wellbeing.
On Strictly Enforced Mass Conservation Constraints for Modeling the Rainfall-Runoff Process
Authors: Frame Jonathan , Ullrich Paul , Nearing Grey , Gupta Hoshin , Kratzert Frederik
Published: January 2022

It has been proposed that conservation laws might not be beneficial for accurate hydrological modeling due to errors in input (precipitation) and target (streamflow) data (particularly at the event time scale), and this might explain why deep learning models (which are not based on enforcing closure) can out-perform catchment-scale conceptual and process-based models at predicting streamflow. We test this hypothesis at the event and multi-year time scale using physics-informed (mass conserving) machine learning and find that: (1) enforcing closure in the rainfall-runoff mass balance does appear to harm the overall skill of hydrological models, (2) deep learning models learn to account for spatiotemporally variable biases in data (3) however this “closure” effect accounts for only a small fraction of the difference in predictive skill between deep learning and conceptual models.
The Undergraduate Feedback Loop: Summarizing, Analyzing, and Acting On Qualitative Student Feedback in Special Collections and Archives Education Programs
Authors: Strandmark Matthew
Published: January 2022

This article discusses opportunities for archivists to learn pedagogy skills and the current state of education and instruction programs in special collections libraries and archives. It finds a lack of broad access to pedagogical training in archival graduate programs and continuing education. An alternative approach at the University of Kentucky Special Collections Research Center is presented, including the strategy and impact of soliciting and acting on qualitative student feedback. University of Kentucky’s archival assessment program provides a model for analyzing, summarizing, and acting on qualitative undergraduate student feedback to improve the pedagogy of archivists tasked with instruction.
Telling Stories: A Case Study in Podcasting with Archival Resources
Authors: Rander Jacklyn , Rupinski Leigh
Published: January 2022

This article is a direct result of the authors’ experiences creating a podcast called To The Letter that seeks to engage audiences with archival materials in a unique way. It discusses the goals behind the creation of the podcast, the selection of appropriate content, as well as the logistics of finding collaborators and marketing outlets. Podcasting has grown in popularity in recent years, but little has been studied about the intersection of this popular medium with historical and educational resources. The authors address what worked well, challenges faced, necessary pivots in direction, and subsequent lessons learned throughout the process.
Making Sound Decisions: Institutional Responses to the Crisis in Audio Preservation
Authors: Lewis David R.
Published: January 2022

Some archives have been quick to respond to the crisis in audio preservation brought on by the combined forces of obsolescence and degradation inherent in legacy audio formats and their playback equipment. These archives have undertaken digitization projects for particular collections or, in a few cases, have digitized the bulk of their audio holdings for preservation. Based on an examination of the literature on audio preservation, however, the responses of some institutions—particularly small and midsized institutions—have been stymied by roadblocks related to cost and expertise. Given the limited time available for archives to migrate audio content, this uneven response threatens to leave an incomplete audio legacy, weighted toward grant-worthy collections with few copyright restrictions at larger, better-resourced institutions. After a review of relevant literature, this article suggests interventions institutions of all sizes can undertake to respond to the crisis in audio preservation including stringent selection and reappraisal projects, strategies for tiered audio digitization using a combination of in-house and vendor-based services, and suggestions for increasing access to high-quality digitization for worthy audio materials.
Value-added tax and its place in the indirect tax system
Authors: Sliusar Svitlana
Published: January 2022

The  subject  of  research is value added tax. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is the mechanism of VAT functioning in Ukraine and development of proposals for its administration taking into account integration processes in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study is general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge: systematic approach, structuring, analysis and synthesis. Results of work. Today, one of the main economic problems in Ukraine is the improvement of the tax system in general and the tax system in particular. Improving taxation with value-added tax as a component of the taxation system is an important practical task and one of the pressing general economic problems that needs to be addressed. Issues of improving VAT reimbursement, increasing its level of efficiency, repayment of compensation arrears and prevention of its occurrence in the future are priority issues in the development of scientists and in the practical activities of the State Tax Service of Ukraine. Value-added tax is one of the most controversial taxes, so because of significant problems in its collection, it can turn from budget-forming to budget-forming. The relevance of the issue of VAT payment requires further in-depth analysis, taking into account the economic situation of the country, the current state and specifics of the tax system. Field  of  application  of  results: Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, local self-government bodies, territorial communities. Conclusions. The value added tax is one of the largest sources of revenue of the state budget of the country. The main problem of VAT administration was the further implementation of the experiment with changes in tax legislation. Ukraine at the present stage of development requires the adoption of additional legislative and administrative measures aimed at improving the collection of the tax.
Implementation of "Intellectual networks" – direction of ensuring the energy efficiency of the national economy of Ukraine
Authors: Kucherenko Svitlana , Levaieva Liudmyla
Published: January 2022

At the present stage of development of the world economy and almost all countries’ national economies, the problem of energy saving and energy efficiency rises. In developed countries, the solution to this problem depends not only on reducing energy consumption but also on the introduction of new innovative processes in power supply systems and energy systems. In particular, there is a growing interest in the modernization of energy systems in the world in recent years based on a new concept called Smart Grid ("intelligent power system").  The problem of energy efficiency is especially relevant for Ukraine, which has the highest value of energy intensity of gross domestic product, and the country's energy system is characterized by extremely high losses of electricity in the grid. The largest consumers of electricity in Ukraine are large industrial enterprises, where the high energy intensity of production is caused by the depreciation of fixed assets; lack of incentives to implement energy efficiency measures and of a systematic approach to energy consumption; lack of financial resources for the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Issues of identifying the problems of energy efficiency of the economy and ways to solve them are set out in the scientific works of such researchers as S. M. Baliuta, O. S. Bykonia, A. Yu. Danilkova, Ya. V. Krutohorskyi, O. O. Liakhova, Yu. T. Matvieieva, H. H. Pivniak, S. V. Sapozhnikov, O. V. Fedirets, V. O. Shvedun. Without diminishing the results of the previous research, it should be noted that a number of problematic issues on this topic are still studied insufficiently, which determines the relevance of the research topic. The aim of this research is to assess energy efficiency as a factor of the competitiveness of Ukraine's industrial products, justify the main reasons for the high energy intensity of GDP in Ukraine, and the necessity of innovative direction for the future development of energy through the implementation of "smart grids". Analysis of the energy sector’s current state and development has shown that the problems in the power industry today can not be solved only by extensive capacity-building of grids and increasing the number of electrical equipment. A new direction in the future development of energy is the implementation of smart grids ("Smart Grid"). The domestic national economy has problems with energy efficiency and energy saving. The solution to these problems lies in the field of implementing energy management and audit, studying and using foreign experience in the development of intelligent energy.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik Dan Standar Operasional Prosedur Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. BPR Majalengka Jabar
Authors: Kusumadewi R. Neny
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the physical work environment and standard operating procedures on the work productivity of employees at PT. BPR Majalengka Jabar partially.

The object of this research is PT. BPR Majalengka Jabar. The method used in this study is a survey method using a descriptive analysis approach and verification. The population in this study are employees of PT. BPR Majalengka Jabar with a sample of 55 respondents. The sampling technique used is the saturated sampling technique. The data collection technique is by using a questionnaire. The measurement scale of this study uses a Likert scale. Testing of data instruments is done by testing the validity and reliability. While the data analysis used is the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination analysis and model feasibility test. Hypothesis testing in this study uses partial hypothesis testing.

The results of respondents' responses indicate that the physical work environment and standard operating procedures are in the good category, while work productivity is in the high category. The results of partial hypothesis testing of this study indicate that the physical work  environment  has  a  significant  effect  on  work  productivity.  Standard  operating procedures have a significant effect on work productivity.
How does Intensity of Writing Practices Correlate with Argumentative Writing Ability among Indonesian freshmen Students?
Authors: Yerni Yerni
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to find the correlation between intensity practice and the result of students' argumentative writing performance. This descriptive quantitative study involved 41 students in the first semester of the English Language Teaching department at an Islamic state university in Lampung province, Indonesia. The data were taken from the argumentative writing tests and questionnaires. The test indicators were the content, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics of students' texts. The questionnaires were distributed to measure the students' intensity of writing practices. This research showed a positive correlation between the power of writing practice and the students' argumentative writing performance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.734 or 53.9%. The role of teachers' feedback in students' writings and how practice makes perfect in the context of learning to write are explained. This study implies that writing practice should gain more emphasis and priority to improve students' writing skills.
Extraterrestrial Extrapolations of Earthly Organismality
Authors: Dumonceaux Tim
Published: January 2022

It has long been known that the microbial component of terrestrial ecosystems provides the capacity for nutrient and elemental cycling and other key ecosystem services. Advances in DNA sequencing technology and analytical capacity continue to reveal novel insights into the structure and dynamics of these microbial ecosystems. These insights have led to an increasing appreciation of the importance of the microbial species that associate with multicellular organisms, including plants. The relationship between the multicellular host and its microbiota is sufficiently interdependent that the plant has come to be understood as a “holobiont” that encompasses a multitude of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. This expands the traditional view of what constitutes an independent organism to include a collectivity of species that coexist for mutual benefit. The concept of organismality presented by Queller and Strassman goes even further than that, arguing that organisms can be defined as collectivities of cells or species that share a common purpose, regardless of genetic identity. As applied to plants, the ideas elaborated by Simard and others that plant communities and their associated mycorrhizal networks form an interconnected collectivity with cognitive functions also fits into this theme. Stephen Jay Gould discussed ideas of what constitutes an organism in the 1990s. But the ideas themselves are even older than that, dating all the way back to Charles Darwin himself. Incredibly, the connections among these philosophical concepts were anticipated in a science fiction story written by Isaac Asimov over 70 years ago.
Rancang Bangun Simulasi Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) Berbasis Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Authors: Mayzar Deby Krisla , Dwiyanti Diah , Ananda Fitri Elvira
Published: January 2022

Modulasi QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) adalah teknik modulasi digital yang merupakan pengembangan dari modulasi PSK (Phase Shift Keying) dengan memanfaatkan perubahan fasa dari sinyal pembawa.Modulasi PSK dapat mengkodekan dua bit per simbol yang ditujukan untuk meminimalkan bit eror rate (BER). Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi sederhana menggunakan matlab berbasis GUI untuk memodulasi sinyal biner QPSK. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pembuatan aplikasi dimulai dari tahap perancangan system, tahap coding, desain interface dan tahap pengujian. Aplikasi sederhana yang dirancang sudah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan teori yang ada dengan beberapa fitur didalamnya yaitu terdapat tombol random berfungsi untuk mengacak angka biner secara otomatis. Kemudian tombol start berfungsi untuk menampilkan sinyal modulator, demodulator, dan sinyal termodulasi atau sinyal QPSK dan sebaran konstelasi diagramnya.Kata kunci:  Demodulator, Modulator, GUI, QPSK, Simulasi
REASONABLE TIME LIMIT FOR OBTAINING AN EXPERT OPINION AT THE STAGE OF INITIATING CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: ПОДОЛЬНЫЙ Николай Александрович
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the reasonableness of the time limit for obtaining an expert opinion in the course of verifying a crime report at the stage of initiating criminal proceedings. The study is based on the provisions of the current legislation on criminal procedure as well as on the by-laws governing the appointment and conduct of forensic examinations. Moreover, the findings of the article are based on investigative and judicial practice. The study employs a variety of scientific methods: information analysis and synthesis, empirical-critical, comparative-legal, systemic. These methods make it possible to identify the status of the problem of determining the reasonable time limit for conducting forensic examinations and ways to overcome difficulties arising in investigative practice. The result of the study is the interpretation of the norm of Art. 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation and the consequent proposal to establish a system of by-laws in which the question of time limits would be decided according to the type of relevant forensic examination.
IS THERE ANY CONTRAST BETWEEN FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT AND PUBLIC INTERESTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS AND INVESTOR-STATE ARBITRATIONS?
Authors: АБАДИХА Мостафа , ЛАТЫПОВА Наталия Сергеевна
Published: January 2022

Today, more than 3,200 international investment agreements (IIAs) have been concluded, and most of them address substantive and procedural protection mechanisms. One of the essential substantive standards is the standard of fair and equitable treatment and one of the procedural mechanisms is Investor-state Arbitration. Usually, when an investor investing in the host state, there can be no denying that there may be a conflict between the public interest and the investor protection mechanisms. The mechanism of fair and equitable treatment is one of the essential standards that may be harmed by the public interests, especially the protection of the environment. On the one hand, in accordance with this standard, the host states are obliged to create stable, fair, favorable and transparent conditions for investors. On the other hand, the states have a duty to the public interests of their countries and at a larger level the international community. Purpose: In this paper, we want to show whether there is a discrepancy between the substantive standard of fair and equitable treatment and public interest in the text of the IIAs or in the arbitration procedure? Methods: general scientific methods of theoretical knowledge, as well as general logical methods and research techniques are used in analyzing existing investment agreements and Arbitration awards. Results: Examining the text of many of the IIAs, we came to the conclusion that there is no difference in the text of the agreements, in other words, the agreement encourages governments to strike a balance between investor protection standards and the protection of the public interest. However, in the implementation of agreements by the states, there is a difference between the two areas of protection of public interest and the standard of fair and equitable treatment, and here the arbitral tribunals must resolve the differences.
Comprehensive genomic analysis of refractory multiple myeloma reveals a complex mutational landscape associated with drug resistance and novel therapeutic vulnerabilities
Authors: Giesen Nicola , Paramasivam Nagarajan , Toprak Umut H. , Huebschmann Daniel , Xu Jing , Uhrig Sebastian , Samur Mehmet , Bähr Stella , Fröhlich Martina , Mughal Sadaf S. , Mai Elias K. , Jauch Anna , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Brors Benedikt , Munshi Nikhil , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Weinhold Niels , Schlesner Matthias , Raab Marc S.
Published: January 2022

The outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) refractory to immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) remain poor. In this study, we performed whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of 39 heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) patients to identify mechanisms of resistance and potential therapeutic targets. We observed a high mutational load and indications of increased genomic instability. Recurrently mutated genes in RRMM, which had not been previously reported or only observed at a lower frequency in newly diagnosed MM, included NRAS, BRAF, TP53, SLC4A7, MLLT4, EWSR1, HCFC2, and COPS3. We found multiple genomic regions with bi-allelic events affecting tumor suppressor genes and demonstrated a significant adverse impact of bi-allelic TP53 alterations on survival. With regard to potentially resistance conferring mutations, recurrently mutated gene networks included genes with relevance for PI and IMiD activity; the latter particularly affecting members of the Cereblon and the COP9 signalosome complex. We observed a major impact of signatures associated with exposure to melphalan or impaired DNA double-strand break homologous recombination repair in RRMM. The latter coincided with mutations in genes associated with PARP inhibitor sensitivity in 49% of RRMM patients; a finding with potential therapeutic implications. In conclusion, this comprehensive genomic characterization revealed a complex mutational and structural landscape in RRMM and highlights potential implications for therapeutic strategies.
Análise da efetividade constitucional do direito à educação em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Gadelha Hugo Sarmento , Castro Filho Hiran Mendes , Marques Agílio Tomaz , Santos Suzana Araújo dos , Oliveira Michael Jhonatas Calado de , Silva Matheus Matos Ferreira , Nóbrega José Cândido da Silva , Fernandes Hellita do Nascimento , Gomes Francilene Ferreira
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo abordará questões relacionadas ao direito constitucional no que tange a educação em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil, nesse contexto, esse direito é previsto como um direito social fundamental, onde o Estado, a família e a sociedade têm a incumbência de incentivar e promover a educação, visando o pleno desenvolvimento do cidadão. Em face dessa perspectiva, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo fazer uma análise sobre os principais problemas ocasionados pela situação pandêmica que interferem na garantia do direito à educação no território brasileiro, tendo por base as dificuldades pelas quais perpassam a parcela da população mais vulnerável para ter acesso à educação e utilizar a modalidade de ensino remoto, que se tornou uma opção destinada a assegurar o cumprimento do ano letivo escolar de 2020. Metodologicamente para a realização dessa pesquisa, foi adotado o método dedutivo, o qual foi realizado através de análise de dados bibliográficos de natureza qualitativa e documental. A partir dos resultados encontrados, considera-se que a efetivação constitucional do direito a educação, foi mitigada para a parcela da população que não apresenta as condições necessárias para que sejam utilizadas as tecnologias para se ter acesso ao ensino remoto. Dessa forma, devido a acentuada desigualdade social e econômica que existe no país, os estudantes mais pobres são os mais afetados no quesito do acesso à educação no período da pandemia, principalmente pelo fato dessa grande parcela não dispor de internet e de tecnologias de acesso para seu uso.
O uso do NDVI derivado das imagens Pléiades na análise na estrutura da vegetação em dois fragmentos florestais
Authors: Costa Anderson da Silva , Lameira Osmar Alves
Published: January 2022

O índice de vegetação gerado através de imagens de satélites é um dos dados mais utilizados no monitoramento dos parâmetros estruturais da vegetação dos diferentes ecossistemas existente no Brasil. Neste trabalho foi realizada a caracterização do NDVI através das imagens Pléiades com resolução espacial de 2 metros com quatros bandas espectrais, em duas áreas florestais  correspondente ao município de Moju-PA cuja localização é 3º03`14,85409” de latitude sul e 48º59`36,15357" longitude oeste e outra na cidade de Belém-PA localizada a 1°26’30” S de latitude e 48°27’0” W de longitude. O processamento das imagens se deu através do software Global Mapper. O máximo valor do NDVI referente à vegetação mais densa alcançou 0,654 enquanto o valor médio foi de 0,500 para área florestal manejada localizada em Moju-PA. No outro fragmento florestal localizado dentro da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, o valor máximo do NDVI apontou um valor de 0,849 de refletância, sendo que o valor médio alcançou aproximadamente 0,790. O perfil da curva da vegetação gerada através das imagens Pléiades apontou um comportamento positivo para os dois fragmentos florestais, sendo no intervalo de (0,401 a 0,654) para floresta manejada de Moju-Pa e de (0,736 a 0,849) para a floresta secundária de Belém-PA. Diante dos resultados observados, pode-se concluir que o NDVI, derivado das imagens do satélite Pléiades podem ser usados de maneira confiável na análise e determinação do NDVI.
Experiências individuais, raciais e sociais com ações afirmativas: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Vieira Kênia Eliber , Albino Laura Aparecida Martins , Dell’Agli Betânia Alves Veiga , Caetano Luciana Maria
Published: January 2022

Ações afirmativas nas universidades públicas brasileiras têm possibilitado a convivência de diferentes grupos sociais e étnico-raciais no ensino superior. Uma das principais preocupações desta política é a promoção da igualdade social. Embora existam alguns estudos empíricos sobre o tema, não há uma revisão de escopo sobre as experiências dos alunos nesta nova realidade. Nosso objetivo é identificar, analisar e sintetizar a literatura existente sobre as experiências individuais, sociais e raciais dos sujeitos envolvidos com as ações afirmativas no ensino superior brasileiro. Este protocolo de revisão de escopo segue o método Joanna Briggs Institute e as diretrizes dos itens de relatório preferidos para revisões sistemáticas e extensão de meta-análises para revisões de escopo (PRISMA-ScR). A estratégia PICo (população, intervenção e contexto) sistematizou a busca que realizaremos nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2022, nas bases de dados Scielo, BVS - saúde, LILACS, BVS-PSI, EBSCO, APA / PsycNet, MEDLINE / PubMed, ProQuest -ERIC, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase (Elsevier). Analisaremos os resultados quantitativamente em termos de frequência absoluta e relativa e qualitativamente por meio de síntese e categorias temáticas. Esta análise de escopo sintetizará a literatura atual e identificará lacunas na pesquisa e maneiras de avançar no desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias que contribuam para o sucesso da política e promoção da saúde mental dos estudantes.
Estudos químicos e atividades farmacológicas de espécies pertencentes ao gênero Byrsonima: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pedrosa-Silva Iago Kaue Simbah , Silva Hannah Mariah , Nunes Lucas dos Santos , Tomaz Jéssica Melissa de Oliveira , Dolabela Maria Fani
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo integrar os resultados de diferentes estudos químicos e farmacológicos de espécies pertencentes ao gênero Byrsonima. A busca dos artigos foi realizada por meio de três bases de dados (SCOPUS, MEDLINE, PUBMED), onde se utilizou as strings “Byrsonima AND medicine pharmaceutical” nos últimos 5 anos. Além disso, foi pesquisado nos periódicos Capes, sem limitação do período. Foram encontrados 65 artigos em que foram submetidos a leitura de títulos e resumos. Na etapa seguinte, 30 artigos foram lidos por completo, excluindo-se os que não tinham nenhuma relação com o tema. As seguintes informações foram coletadas nos artigos: caracterização química, substâncias isoladas, resultados dos estudos farmacológicos. Ao final, 24 artigos puderam ser incluídos nesta revisão e tratavam de estudos químicos e/ou farmacológicos. A atividade antioxidante foi relatada para diferentes espécies de Byrsonima, utilizando diferentes métodos de análises. Também, mostraram-se promissoras para as atividades anti-inflamatória e antinoceptivo. As atividades antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e analgésica, das espécies pertencentes a este gênero, têm sido relacionadas aos compostos fenólicos, em especial aos flavonoides. Além destas atividades, espécies de Byrsonima parecem promissoras como gastroprotetora, antituberculose e antiparasitária. Os estudos que avaliaram a toxicidade são escassos, sendo incluído apenas 2 artigos que demonstraram que as diferentes espécies possuem potencial citotóxico. Desse modo, é possível identificar e sintetizar as atividades presentes nas espécies do gênero, de maneira a facilitar estudos futuros.
Repercussões da infecção por Covid-19 em idosos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cruz Nayara Alves Oliveira da , Andriani Marcele Torres , Pimenta Talita Saraiva , Fernandes Antônio Ramos Nogueira , Pereira Rachel Cavalcanti Fonseca
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura a respeito das repercussões da infecção de Covid-19 em idosos. Para isso, utilizou-se artigos publicados entre os anos de 2020 a 2021 disponíveis nas seguintes bases de dados: ScienceDirect, Scielo, Lilacs, PubMED e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). A pesquisa foi realizada durante os meses de outubro e novembro. Selecionou-se artigos publicados em português e inglês, que resultou em 3.146, destes foram incluídos apenas artigos que apresentassem no título a temática em estudo.  Foram excluídos artigos duplicados e que não se enquadraram no objetivo da pesquisa. Após isso, elegeram-se 12 artigos para compor o universo da análise. Observa-se que o processo de envelhecimento natural inclui mudanças a nível celular, de tecidos e órgãos que contribuem para a morbidade, fragilidade e mortalidade na população idosa. Assim, os pacientes idosos infectados pelo Sars-Cov-2 possuem maior risco de desenvolver sintomas mais graves devido a redução do tamanho dos telômeros e ao número de linfócitos. Os estudos demonstraram que as repercussões mentais correlacionadas com o surto da Covid-19 incluem o estresse, sintomas de depressão, ansiedade, insônia, indignação e o medo do desconhecido, incluindo risco aumentado de suicídio. Concluiu-se que a infecção por Covid-19 ainda é muito recente e algumas das suas repercussões e fisiopatologia ainda são desconhecidas. Os artigos selecionados não avaliaram as complicações após ao avanço da cobertura vacinal sobre esta população. Assim, sugere-se mais estudos voltados para a temática a partir deste ano de 2021.
Indicadores de boas práticas durante a assistência à mulher no trabalho de parto e nascimento
Authors: Silveira Nara Beatriz , Silva Vanessa Machado da , Rodrigues Francisca Alice Cunha , Schaun Sibele , Silveira Rosemary Silva da
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: avaliar os indicadores de boas práticas durante a assistência à mulher em trabalho de parto e nascimento. Método: estudo quantitativo, documental, descritivo, com delineamento transversal. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se uma pesquisa documental, no período de abril a setembro de 2019, avaliando os indicadores de boas práticas prestadas as gestantes em trabalho de parto. A amostra constitui-se de 100% dos partos ocorridos no período estudado, independentemente de ser parto natural ou cesárea. Para a análise dos dados, realizou-se a estatística descritiva, com frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: constatou-se que apesar das boas práticas, prevalecem altos índices de intervenções não recomendadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Pode-se constatar que, apesar da recente inclusão das enfermeiras obstétricas neste serviço, o índice de boas práticas desenvolvidas por essas profissionais foi de 100%. Conclusão: percebe-se que existe um grande desafio na busca da transformação da assistência às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos pautada nas boas práticas preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde.
COVID-19 and social vulnerability in the state of Sergipe, Brazil: an ecological study
Authors: Cavalcante Filho João Batista , Chagas Rynat Dasaev de Oliveira , Góes Marco Aurelio de Oliveira , Peixoto Marcus Valerius da Silva , Nunes Marco Antonio Prado
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 was characterized by the WHO as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, the first case was diagnosed on March 14, 2020. This study is part of analyzes on the first year of the pandemic of COVID-19 in Sergipe and aims to analyze, through an ecological study, deaths from the disease in its 75 municipalities, statistically correlating the crude and age-standardized mortality rates with indicators of social vulnerability and human development used in the country; and with the demographic density of the municipalities in the state. Mortality data were obtained by dividing the absolute number of deaths by the number of inhabitants in each municipality. Direct standardization of mortality rates and Spearman correlation ( ρ ) were performed to test the described correlation. The study demonstrated a different correlation from that found in the literature between the Municipal Human Development Index and deaths by COVID-19: the greater the development, the more deaths by COVID-19 were identified. The effects of these indicators may be being offset by factors such as the greater demographic density of the cities with greater development, which could favor the transmission of the disease.