bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on teachers' two-fold recognition of students from multicultural family
Authors: Baik Mok-won , Ha Myung-jin
Published: July 2016

The present study aims to examine teachers' perception on the students from Multicultural family. For this objective, the present study designed questions based on Pierre Bourdieu's Cultural Capital Theory and observed three elementary school teachers and two middle school teachers who were teaching Korean language. Those teachers interviewed the students from Multicultural family with the questions which were later to be interpreted critically. Based upon the qualitative data analysis, “Thebluebird 2.0” was to derive meaning through the process of data entry, coding, generated topics. The results of the observation showed that it superficially seemed that the teachers carried out the interviews with the students from Multicultural family as equally as they did with ‘Korean culture-based students.’ In fact, however, the teachers used a double standard for the students from Multicultural family in the interviewing process. With the results of observation, this study categorized the teachers' problematic mind into the dimensions of ‘concealment’, ‘substance’, and ‘introspection’. The analysis showed that the teachers were under conscious pressure that they have to treat every student on equal base. It was expressed into ‘the concealment of recognition’ which is an psychological orientation that the peculiarity of the students from Multicultural background should be generalized and they should not be discriminated from Korean culture-based students. However, they had such ‘conscious substance’ due to difference in appearance, acknowledgement of socio-economic environment of their families, circulation of the acquiescence and indifference of others, and their low achievement caused by their recognition of the students from Multicultural background. Furthermore, the teachers went through ‘introspection of one's recognition’ of the students from Multicultural families by looking back their background. This study revealed another aspect of teachers' perception of the students from Multicultural background.
Incorporating meaningful gamification in a blended learning research methods class: Examining student learning, engagement, and affective outcomes
Authors: Tan Meng , Hew Khe Foon
Published: July 2016

In this study, we investigated how the use of meaningful gamification affects student learning, engagement, and affective outcomes in a short, 3-day blended learning research methods class using a combination of experimental and qualitative research methods. Twenty-two postgraduates were randomly split into two groups taught by the same instructor. The experimental group attended a course that incorporated the notion of meaningful gamification – that is, utilising the game mechanics of points, badges, and a leader board, as well as activities based on self-determination theory. The control group attended the same course and activities taught by the same instructor but without the game mechanics. Data sources included students’ pre-and post-tests scores, group artefact scores, discussion forum posts, students’ questionnaire survey, students’ interviews, and the teacher’s self-reflections. Results suggest that students in the experimental group posted more messages in the discussion forums than the control group. Furthermore, the quality of group artefacts produced by the participants in the experimental group was overall higher than those in the control group. All students in the experimental group strongly agreed or agreed that they found the course motivating. However, only about half the participants in the control group found the course motivating.
Possible role of hydrolytic enzymes (Sap, Kex2) in Candida albicans response to aromatic compounds bearing a sulfone moiety
Authors: Bondaryk Małgorzata , Grabowska-Jadach Ilona , Ochal Zbigniew , Sygitowicz Grażyna , Staniszewska Monika
Published: July 2016

Hydrolytic enzymes e.g., Saps and
Cloud point extraction of disulfiram for its HPLC-MS/MS determination in synthetic urine
Authors: Doroschuk Volodymyr O. , Grogul Anastasiya B. , Mandzyuk Yevhen S. , Makukha Oksana G. , Grytsyk Nataliya O.
Published: July 2016

A new simple cloud point extraction/preconcentration method was developed for the HPLC-MS/MS determination of disulfiram in synthetic urine. Some parameters with an effect on the extraction, such as the concentration of Triton X-114, pH influence, incubation time, equilibration temperature and centrifuging parameters, were studied and optimised. The method proposed for the HPLC-MS/MS determination of disulfiram in synthetic urine with preliminary cloud point extraction was validated. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.025-15.4 ng mL
Fashion or Technology? A Fashnology Perspective on the Perception and Adoption of Augmented Reality Smart Glasses
Authors: Rauschnabel Philipp A. , Hein Daniel W. E. , He Jun , Ro Young K. , Rawashdeh Samir , Krulikowski Bryan
Published: July 2016

Smart glasses are a new family of technological devices that share several characteristics with conventional eyeglasses. Yet, little is known about how individuals process them. Drawing upon categorization theories and prior research on technology acceptance, the authors conduct two empirical studies to show that (a) smart glasses are perceived as technology but vary in their degree of fashion, (b) the perception of smart glasses determines the factors that explain adoption intention, and (c) a majority of consumers process smart glasses as a combination of fashion and technology (“fashnology”), whereas a smaller number of consumers perceive them exclusively as technology or fashion, respectively.
Parallel D–D type domain decomposition algorithm for optimal control problem governed by parabolic partial differential equation
Authors: Zhang Bo , Chen Jixin , Yang Danping
Published: July 2016

A parallel domain decomposition algorithm for solving an optimal control problem governed by a parabolic partial differential equation is proposed. This algorithm is based upon non-overlapping domain decomposition. In every iteration, the global problem is reduced to solve simultaneously some implicit subproblems on many sub-domains by using explicit flux approximations near inner-boundaries at each time-step. Both a priori error bounds of optimal orders and optimal rates of convergence for the iterative schemes are presented. Numerical experiments are also performed to verified the theoretical analysis.
A connection between coupled and penalty projection timestepping schemes with FE spatial discretization for the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Linke Alexander , Neilan Michael , Rebholz Leo G. , Wilson Nicholas E.
Published: July 2016

We prove that for several inf-sup stable mixed finite elements, the solution of the Chorin/Temam projection methods for Navier–Stokes equations equipped with grad–div stabilization with parameter γ converge to the associated coupled method solution with rate γ
Effect of pH and annealing temperature on the structural and magnetic properties of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet powders produced by the sol-gel method
Authors: Yarici I. , Erol M. , Celik E. , Ozturk Y.
Published: July 2016

Cerium substituted yttrium iron garnet (Ce0.2Y2.8Fe5O12; Ce-YIG) nanoparticles were produced via the sol-gel method from solutions of Ce-, Y- and Fe-based precursors, a solvent and a chelating agent. The solutions were dried at 200°C and heat treated at temperatures between 800 °C and 1400°C for 3 h in air. The effects of pH and annealing temperature on the structure, phase formation, magnetic properties and crystallite size were investigated. A cubic YIG phase was obtained for the sample annealed at 1400 °C. The presented results showed that the pH value of the starting solution affects the crystal size and consequently, the saturation magnetization.
Experimental investigation on heat transfer rate of Co–Mn ferrofluids in external magnetic field
Authors: Margabandhu M. , Sendhilnathan S. , Senthilkumar S. , Hirthna K.
Published: July 2016

Manganese substituted cobalt ferrite (Co1–xMnxFe2O4with x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1) nanopowders were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation method. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were investigated by various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The XRD results confirmed the presence of cubic spinel structure of the prepared powders and the average crystallite size of magnetic particles ranging from 23 to 45 nm. The VSM results showed that the magnetic properties varied with an increase in substituted manganese while SEM analysis showed the change in the morphology of obtained magnetic nanoparticles. The TG/DTA analysis indicated the formation of crystalline structure of the synthesized samples. The heat transfer rate was measured in specially prepared magnetic nanofluids (nanoparticles dispersed in carrier fluid transformer oil) as a function of time and temperature in presence of external magnetic fields. The experimental analysis indicated enhanced heat transfer rate of the magnetic nanofluids which depended upon the strength of external magnetic field and chemical composition.
Optical and electrical characterization of BixSe1−x thin films
Authors: Ibrahim M.M. , Fayek S.A. , Amin G.A.M. , Elnagar D.M.
Published: July 2016

Bulk samples of the BixSe1-x system with (x = 0, 5, and 10) were prepared using conventional melt quenching technique. Thin films were then deposited by thermal evaporation technique under high vacuum conditions from the prepared bulk samples. Effect of Bi substitution on surface morphology, electrical and optical properties of BixSe1-x thin films was studied. X-ray diffraction studies showed the formation of nanocrystalline clusters at Bi concentration x = 10. Formation of these clusters resulted in a rough surface which was confirmed by AFM measurements. The film surface was smooth, with RMS roughness of 0.0124 nm for Bi5Se95. For Bi10Se90, the RMS roughness increased to 3.93 nm indicating the formation of Bi2Se3 clusters. A simple hot probe technique showed a transition from p-type to n-type due to Bi incorporation. Charge transport mechanisms were investigated by temperature dependent DC electrical conductivity measurements in the temperature range of 209 K to 313 K. Electrical activation energy (ΔE) of the films with different Bi concentrations was found to exhibit a notable change at the p to n transition. At low temperature, the conduction was in reasonable agreement with Mott’s condition of variable range hopping. Mott parameters and the density of localized states near Fermi level were evaluated and correlated with the structural changes resulting from Bi addition. In addition, a red shift of the optical absorption edge of the films under study caused by Bi-Se substitution was observed. Slight changes in the optical parameters were observed with the γ-irradiation. Addition of Bi atoms could be used to tailor the structural, electrical and optical properties of chalcogenide materials such as junctionless photovoltaic devices.
An Experimental Study on Engineering Characteristics of Improved Weathered Granite Soil for a High-Speed Railway Subgrade in South China
Authors: Yi Wen , Wang Yonghe
Published: July 2016

Samples of weathered granite soil from job sites of a high-speed railway project in south China were tested in the laboratory. The results suggested that the soil could not meet the subgrade requirement of the high-speed railway in China. To address this issue, chemical treatment approach was examined in this study. The weathered granite was treated with two types of agents, lime and cement. A series of scenarios with varying dosages were investigated. The engineering characteristics of the treated soil including strength, deformation, moisture stability, and others were evaluated comprehensively through in-depth laboratory testing. As a result, it was revealed that the 5 % cement treatment scenario was most preferred. Furthermore, to verify the effectiveness of the treatment, settlement was monitored on a test road. The cumulative settlement curves indicated that the settlement in the treated subgrade reached a stable state since approximately 250 days from the completion of construction. This was sufficiently earlier than the installation of railway tracks. It was also found the settlement could sufficiently meet the Chinese Specification requirement. In summary, the proposed approach based on rigorous engineering testing and evaluation successfully improved the weathered granite for it to serve as a high-speed railway subgrade material in China.
Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures Using Dynamic Modulus
Authors: Lee Jaejun , Moon Sung-Je , Im Jeonghyuk , Yang Sunglin
Published: July 2016

A pothole is one of the distresses in asphalt pavement caused by the presence of water in the asphalt pavement and the presence of traffic passing over the affected area. Recently, lots of potholes were observed due to heavy rain in Korea. Thus, the indirect tensile strength ratio (TSR) is commonly used based on the AASHTO T 283 procedure to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of an asphalt mixture; however, TSR cannot be used as a representative index for the mechanical behavior of the moisture-conditioned asphalt mixture. In this study, the dynamic modulus │E*│ laboratory test is applied as a replacement test for the TSR in order to assess the moisture susceptibility of four different asphalt mixtures. The dynamic modulus test is used to determine the % of retained stiffness, a term that was referred to as the dynamic modulus ratio (DMR). The results of both TSR and DMR conducted on the same mixtures are compared and statistically analyzed. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between TSR and DMR. The correlation between TSR and DMR at 20°C is significant. However, there was no relation between TSR and DMR at other temperature ranges (5°C, 40°C, 54.4°C) because there was different viscoelastic behavior at different temperature.
Standard Processes for Calculating Uncertainty for Metallic Material Rotating Bar Bending Fatigue Properties
Authors: Yifei Gao , Xinbang Liang
Published: July 2016

ISO 1143:2010 and ISO 12107:2003 provide the three typical fatigue results used in uncertainty evaluation. These are (i) fatigue life at a predetermined stress, (ii) fatigue strength at a predetermined life, and (iii) the S-N curve. In this paper, the evaluation methods employed were for type A (those which are evaluated by the statistical method) and type B (those which are evaluated by other means). The application for the evaluation method was displayed by the example with testing data.
Assessing S-Type Process Quality of Data Involving Batch-to-Batch Variation
Authors: Liao M.-Y. , Wu C.-W. , Wen S.-H.
Published: July 2016

Process-capability analysis is considered one of the most important engineering decision tools among various quality-assurance activities. For processes with an S-type quality characteristic, the index Cpu can provide an exact measure for process yield, and properly reflects the process quality. In real applications, variation between batches often exists in the manufacturing process. Therefore, this study describes data by the one-way random-effect model, and provides the generalized confidence interval for assessing Cpu. Simulations show that our proposed method is not affected by the increasing batch effect, and performs well when the total sample size is large enough.
Comfort Fitting Using Shape Memory Polymeric Foam
Authors: Wang T. X. , Huang W. M. , Aw J. E. , He L. W. , Vettorello M.
Published: July 2016

Nowadays, more and more people are keen on investing in their own personal fitness. In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of using ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foam for comfort fitting, with a special reference to shoes applications. Based on the experimental results obtained, it was concluded that the EVA foam examined in this study could satisfy most of the requirements for comfort fitting shoes in terms of shape fixity, shape recovery, and elasticity. The two problems spotted in this study may be easily solved by reducing the porosity ratio of the EVA foam and slightly decreasing the glass transition temperature of the foam.
Specifications—What They Are, Why We Have Them, and How They Are Used
Authors: Jennings Randy F. , Smith N. David , Hayes Ronald G. , Benjamin Stephen D.
Published: July 2016

This chapter defines specifications, explains their value, and describes how specifications are used by government bodies, material producers, and material users to successfully manage their operations. It focuses on fuel standards that are most commonly adopted by U.S. state and federal regulatory agencies, how those standards are used to establish performance limits, and the most common properties that are routinely enforced by regulatory agencies.
Discussion on Uses of the Specification for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (ASTM D1835)
Authors: Van Orsdol Fred
Published: July 2016

This section primarily covers ASTM D1835 and other key ASTM standards that are commonly referred to by ASTM D1835. This standard defines critical properties of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) that must be evaluated. It recommends limits on the LPG's physical and chemical properties to ensure the product is marketable and that it will perform satisfactorily in the diverse applications and distribution systems for which it is intended. The other ASTM standards discussed in this section and referred to by ASTM D1835 provide the detailed systems and procedures required to actually determine the properties specified and the typical uncertainties associated with each of the referenced methods.
Discussion on Uses of the Specifications for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock B100 (ASTM D6751) and Biodiesel Blends B6 to B20 (ASTM D7467)
Authors: Howell Steven A.
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to provide users of the ASTM standards for biodiesel with a summary of the importance of the ASTM biodiesel standards, practical information about how they help to ensure performance of biodiesel and biodiesel blends in equipment or applications for which the standards were developed, and how the standards are being used by buyers, sellers, equipment companies, and regulatory authorities. This chapter will provide a short background on biodiesel and the biodiesel industry in the United States and general reasons why consumers are incorporating increasing amounts of biodiesel in conventional middle distillate type fuels such as on- and off-road diesel and home heating fuel. The chapter will also summarize how and why the standards were developed, how the standards address equipment and user needs, and some details regarding how the standards are being used in the commercial marketplace in the United States.
Discussion on Uses of the Specifications for Diesel Fuels (ASTM D975) and Fuel Oils (ASTM D396)
Authors: Westbrook Steven R.
Published: July 2016

In the United States and around the world, the increased demand for diesel fuel, the increased use of non-petroleum-based fuels, changing diesel engine technology, and tighter regulations all combine to emphasize the importance of high quality diesel fuel specifications. This chapter presents selected properties from ASTM Specification D975 on diesel fuels and provides a discussion regarding their importance to the industry.
Discussion on Uses of the Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends (ASTM D5798)
Authors: Moore Kristin A.
Published: July 2016

Ethanol debuted as the primary component in certain motor fuel blends in the early 1990s. These high-ethanol content fuel blends are restricted for use in flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs), sometimes referred to as “dual-fueled vehicles” or “variable fuel vehicles.” A FFV is one that can operate on gasoline containing no ethanol, fuel blends of 85 % by volume denatured fuel ethanol, or any combination of the two. Describing the performance and compositional characteristics for a predominantly ethanol motor fuel is the goal of ASTM D5798, Standard Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines (Specification D5798 or more simply D5798). Specification D5798 contains the necessary details to blend a fit-for-purpose motor fuel for FFVs while providing guidance on regulatory requirements for alternative fuels and identification of key considerations to ensure acceptable performance for consumers.
ID4 controls luminal lineage commitment in normal mammary epithelium and inhibits BRCA1 function in basal-like breast cancer
Authors: Baker Laura A , Holliday Holly , Swarbrick Alexander
Published: July 2016

Inhibitor of differentiation (ID) proteins are key regulators of development and tumorigenesis. One member of this family, ID4, controls lineage commitment during mammary gland development by acting upstream of key developmental pathways. Recent evidence suggests an emerging role forID4as a lineage-dependent proto-oncogene that is overexpressed and amplified in a subset of basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs), conferring poor prognosis. Several lines of evidence suggest ID4 may suppressBRCA1function in BLBC and in doing so, define a subset of BLBC patients who may respond to therapies traditionally used inBRCA1-mutant cancers. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the requirement for ID4 in mammary lineage commitment and the role for ID4 in BLBC. We address current shortfalls in this field and identify important areas of future research.
Genetic Architecture of Domestication-Related Traits in Maize
Authors: Xue Shang , Bradbury Peter J , Casstevens Terry , Holland James B
Published: July 2016

Strong directional selection occurred during the domestication of maize from its wild ancestor teosinte, reducing its genetic diversity, particularly at genes controlling domestication-related traits. Nevertheless, variability for some domestication-related traits is maintained in maize. The genetic basis of this could be sequence variation at the same key genes controlling maize–teosinte differentiation (due to lack of fixation or arising as new mutations after domestication), distinct loci with large effects, or polygenic background variation. Previous studies permit annotation of maize genome regions associated with the major differences between maize and teosinte or that exhibit population genetic signals of selection during either domestication or postdomestication improvement. Genome-wide association studies and genetic variance partitioning analyses were performed in two diverse maize inbred line panels to compare the phenotypic effects and variances of sequence polymorphisms in regions involved in domestication and improvement to the rest of the genome. Additive polygenic models explained most of the genotypic variation for domestication-related traits; no large-effect loci were detected for any trait. Most trait variance was associated with background genomic regions lacking previous evidence for involvement in domestication. Improvement sweep regions were associated with more trait variation than expected based on the proportion of the genome they represent. Selection during domestication eliminated large-effect genetic variants that would revert maize toward a teosinte type. Small-effect polygenic variants (enriched in the improvement sweep regions of the genome) are responsible for most of the standing variation for domestication-related traits in maize.
Factores de riesgos psicosociales extralaborales en personal administrativo universitario
Authors: Romero-Díaz Carmen Helena , Beleño Navarro Rosana , Ucros Campo María , Echeverría González Ana , Lasprilla Fawcett Silvana
Published: July 2016

Introducción. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los factores de riesgo psicosociales extralaborales del personal administrativo de la Corporación Universidad de la Costa – CUC y la determinación de su nivel de estrés.Método. A partir de un censo se determinó la población, formada por 227 trabajadores. Es una investigación de campo, descriptiva, transaccional, de diseño no experimental. En la recolección de información se aplicó los instrumentos para la evaluación de factores de riesgos psicosociales, emitida reglamentariamente por el Ministerio de Protección Social de Colombia.Resultados. Se evidenciaron los principales factores de este tipo de riesgo, así como su nivel de estrés, presentes en los trabajadores administrativos de la institución, que demuestran que 68 trabajadores sumaron los niveles de estrés en las categorías muy alto y alto, 76 sujetos agruparon a los niveles medio y bajo, mientras que los 83 restantes, presentaron riesgo muy bajo.Conclusión. En primer lugar, prevalece el factor de riesgo “desplazamiento vivienda-trabajo-vivienda”, en segundo la “situación económica del grupo familiar” y, en tercer lugar, las “características de la vivienda y su entorno”. Existe una considerable alarma para el sostenimiento de la buena salud laboral del personal administrativo de la universidad, cuando los estamentos nacionales estiman que a partir de la categoría de nivel de estrés bajo, se deben acometer intervenciones especiales y cuando se elevan a partir del nivel medio se comprometen valores epidemiológicos de la salud pública de la nación.
Prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout académico en el estudiantado de Enfermería de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Bolaños  Reyes Natalia , Rodríguez Blanco Nazareth
Published: July 2016

Introducción. El síndrome de Burnout se suele investigar más en el área laboral, sin embargo quienes trabajan no son los únicos individuos que sufren de este síndrome, también muchos estudiantes se encuentran inmersos en esta situación, debido a la carga tanto académica como personal que requiere cumplir con todos los requisitos universitarios.Metodología. La población está formada por el estudiantado de la carrera de Licenciatura en Enfermería, de Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El diseño metodológico es cuantitativo, no experimental, con alcance descriptivo transeccional.Resultado.  el 18,8% de la población estudiada presenta el sindromé de Burnout académicoConclusión. la mayoría de la población presenta síntomas físicos como dolores de cabeza, trastornos del sueño y problemas osteomusculares. Además de síntomas conductuales como irritabilidad, nerviosismo, sentimientos de vacío y soledad, y síntomas cognoscitivos, como dificultad para concentrarse y mayor sensibilidad a la crítica que a la larga pueden ser  el camino abierto a otros padecimientos tanto físicos como psiquiátricos.
Outcome following Surgical Interventions for Micrognathia in Infants with Pierre Robin Sequence: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Almajed Athari , Viezel-Mathieu Alex , Gilardino Mirko S. , Flores Roberto L. , Tholpady Sunil S. , Côté Aurore
Published: July 2016

Background

Tongue-lip adhesion (TLA), mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), and subperiosteal release of the floor of the mouth (SPRFM) are the most commonly performed surgical procedures to treat severe airway obstruction in infants born with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS).

Objectives

To determine the rate of failure of each type of procedure, in terms of mortality and the need for tracheostomy, and to determine what proportion of infants have significant airway obstruction postoperatively as determined by polysomnography (PSG) and compare the data by procedure type.

Method

A comprehensive literature search (1981 through June 2015) was done of the National Library of Medicine database using PubMed. Extracted data included diagnosis, type of surgery, and outcome including mortality, need for postoperative tracheostomy and details of PSG. Persistence of significant airway obstruction was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index > 15 events/h on PSG.

Results

Both mortality rate and need for tracheostomy were low for all procedures. Many studies lacked sufficient detail to identify significant airway obstruction postoperatively. In studies with sufficient data, MDO was associated with the lowest percentage of significant airway obstruction postprocedure (3.6%) compared to 50% for infants who underwent TLA. Insufficient PSG data was available for patients who were treated with SPRFM.

Conclusions

There is a paucity of objective PSG data to definitively assess postoperative airway outcomes for PRS. MDO appears to be the most effective technique based on the available PSG data. Standardized use of PSG may lead to better identification and treatment of patients at risk for suboptimal airway outcomes postoperatively.
Chemotherapy for Endometrial Cancer in Adjuvant and Advanced Disease Settings
Authors: Bestvina Christine M. , Fleming Gini F.
Published: July 2016

Level I evidence exists for use of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IIIC endometrial cancer (positive lymph nodes), although results of randomized trials have varied. Chemotherapy is also often recommended for high-risk subsets of stage I disease, such as serous carcinomas, although prospective trial data to validate this practice are lacking. Carboplatin plus paclitaxel is the current standard regimen, based on extrapolation of data from the metastatic setting. Several clinical trials have compared adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy alone to a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with mixed results. One of the largest of these trials, Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Endometrial Carcinoma 3 (PORTEC-3), has completed accrual and is awaiting data maturation. Metastatic disease is not curable. For tumors of low-grade endometrioid histology with a prolonged time to recurrence, endocrine therapy with a progestin-based regimen is appropriate. Chemotherapy will be used in most other cases, and the standard first-line regimen is carboplatin and paclitaxel. Few chemotherapy agents have been shown to produce meaningful response rates in the second-line setting. Molecularly targeted therapies such as mTOR inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents including bevacizumab have been studied but their role in the armamentarium remains uncertain.
The Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Low Muscle Mass in Cancer Patients: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Rier Hánah N. , Jager Agnes , Sleijfer Stefan , Maier Andrea B. , Levin Mark-David
Published: July 2016

In several diseases, low muscle mass has been revealed as an unfavorable prognostic factor for outcome. Whether this holds true in patients with solid malignancies as well has increasingly been explored recently. However, this research field is severely hampered by a lack of consensus on how to determine muscle mass in cancer patients and on the definition of low muscle mass. Consequently, the prevalence of low muscle mass varies widely across several studies. Nevertheless, most studies show that, in patients with solid malignancies, low muscle mass is associated with a poor outcome. In the future, more research is needed to get better insight into the best method to determine muscle mass, the exact prognostic value of low muscle mass in diverse tumor types and stages, pathophysiology of low muscle mass in patients with cancer, and ways to intervene and improve muscle mass in patients. This review addresses the current literature on the importance of muscle mass in cancer patients and the methods of muscle measurement.
Impact of Oncologists’ Attitudes Toward End-of-Life Care on Patients’ Access to Palliative Care
Authors: Hui David , Cerana Maria Agustina , Park Minjeong , Hess Kenneth , Bruera Eduardo
Published: July 2016

Background.

It is unclear how oncologists’ attitudes toward end-of-life (EOL) care affect the delivery of care. The present study examined the association between oncologists’ EOL care attitudes and (a) timely specialist palliative care referral, (b) provision of supportive care, and (c) EOL cancer treatment decisions.

Methods.

We randomly surveyed 240 oncology specialists at our tertiary care cancer center to assess their attitudes toward EOL care using a score derived from the Jackson et al. qualitative conceptual framework (0 = uncomfortable and 8 = highly comfortable with EOL care). We determined the association between this score and clinicians’ report of specialist palliative care referral, provision of supportive care, and EOL cancer treatment decisions.

Results.

Of the 182 respondents (response rate of 76%), the median composite EOL care score was 6 (interquartile range, 5–7). A higher EOL score was significantly associated with solid tumor oncology (median 7 vs. 6 for hematologic oncology; p = .003), a greater willingness to refer patients with newly diagnosed cancer to specialist palliative care (median, 7 vs. 6; p = .01), greater comfort with symptom management (median, 6 vs. 5; p = .01), and provision of counseling (median, 7 vs. 4; p < .001) but not with cancer treatment decisions. We observed a gradient effect, with higher scores associated with a greater proportion of patients referred to palliative care (score 0–4, 27%; 5, 31%; 6, 32%; 7, 35%; and 8, 45%; p = .007).

Conclusion.

Greater comfort with EOL care was associated with higher rates of specialist palliative care referral and self-reported primary palliative care delivery. More support and education are needed for oncologists who are less comfortable with EOL care.
Urbanisation and landslides: hazard drivers and better practices
Authors: Holcombe Elizabeth A. , Beesley Mair E. W. , Vardanega Paul J. , Sorbie Rachel
Published: July 2016

Rapid unplanned urbanisation is driving increasing rainfall-triggered landslide risk in low-income communities in tropical developing countries. Conventional slope stabilisation techniques are often unaffordable and most disaster-risk-reduction funding is currently spent post-disaster. However, experience in the Caribbean has changed local engineering practice and World Bank policy, demonstrating that community-based surface water drainage is affordable and effective in mitigating urban landslides. New evidence presented in this paper identifies specific informal construction practices generating further landslide hazards and bioengineering schemes most effective for landslide mitigation. A dynamic hydrology–slope stability model is used to simulate the factor of safety response of nine slope classes (angle and soil strength) to progressive vegetation removal, slope cutting and loading, for six design storms. The effectiveness of 76 bioengineering schemes for improving stability is modelled. Key recommendations are that deforestation should be limited and slope cutting avoided as cutting is most detrimental to stability. Site-specific modelling is needed to identify where deep-rooting, lightweight trees might add stability, whereas grasses are beneficial in all locations.
Launching of Leigh Road Bridge, Slough, UK
Authors: O’Connor Mike , Attrill Malcolm , Gibb Iain , Oh Soon Hee
Published: July 2016

Leigh Road Bridge, a road-over-rail bridge crossing the Great Western route in Slough, UK, is believed to be only the second bridge in the country to have been launched across a railway using trailers. It is also one of the largest structures constructed by this method anywhere in the world. During the sliding stage of the launch a significant unforeseen incident occurred when the launch structure nose suddenly slid laterally, damaging some of the key temporary works. The project team worked collaboratively to restore the position and complete the launch without disruption to rail traffic and open the scheme to road traffic on time. Both the methodology and the successful realignment operation led to important conclusions and learning points for future launches of this type.
Premature T Cell Senescence in Pediatric CKD
Authors: George Roshan P. , Mehta Aneesh K. , Perez Sebastian D. , Winterberg Pamela , Cheeseman Jennifer , Johnson Brandi , Kwun Jean , Monday Stephanie , Stempora Linda , Warshaw Barry , Kirk Allan D.
Published: July 2016

An individual’s immune function, susceptibility to infection, and response to immunosuppressive therapy are influenced in part by his/her T cell maturation state. Although childhood is the most dynamic period of immune maturation, scant information regarding the variability of T cell maturation in children with renal disease is available. In this study, we compared the T cell phenotype in children with renal failure (n=80) with that in healthy children (n=20) using multiparameter flow cytometry to detect markers of T cell maturation, exhaustion, and senescence known to influence immune function. We correlated data with the degree of renal failure (dialysis or nondialysis), prior immunosuppression use, and markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines) to assess the influence of these factors on T cell phenotype. Children with renal disease had highly variable and often markedly skewed maturation phenotypes, including CD4/CD8 ratio reversal, increased terminal effector differentiation in CD8+ T cells, reduction in the proportion of naïve T cells, evidence of T cell exhaustion and senescence, and variable loss of T cell CD28 expression. These findings were most significant in patients who had experienced major immune insults, particularly prior immunosuppressive drug exposure. In conclusion, children with renal disease have exceptional heterogeneity in the T cell repertoire. Cognizance of this heterogeneity might inform risk stratification with regard to the balance between infectious risk and response to immunosuppressive therapy, such as that required for autoimmune disease and transplantation.
“There Will Still Be Television but I Don’t Know What It Will Be Called!”: Narrating the End of Television in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Given Jock
Published: July 2016

Australia and New Zealand, like other countries, have unique TV systems and practices that shape the possibilities enabled by emerging technologies, enterprises, behaviors and ideas. This article explores two recent articulations of the concept of television that have motivated ‘end of television’ narratives in the two countries. One is future-oriented – the introduction of online subscription video services from local providers like Fetch TV, Presto, Stan and from March 2015, the international giant Netflix. It draws on a survey of senior people in TV, technology, advertising, production, audience measurement and social media conducted in late 2014 and early 2015. The other is recent history – the switchover from analogue to digital terrestrial television, completed in both countries in December 2013. Digital TV switchover was a global policy implemented in markedly different ways. Television was transformed, though not in the precise ways anticipated. Rather than being in the center of the digital revolution, as the digital TV industry and policy pioneers enthused, broadcast television was, to some extent, overrun by it. The most successful online subscription video service in Australia and New Zealand so far, Netflix, talks up the end of television but serves up a very specific form of it. The article poses a slightly different question to whether or not television is ending: that is, whether, in the post-broadcast, digital era, distinctions between unique TV systems and practices will endure, narrow, dissolve, or morph into new forms of difference.
The Real Reinvestment Rate Assumption as a Hidden Pitfall
Authors: Illés Mária
Published: July 2016

The paper explores a few hidden problems of the reinvestment rate assumption. The automatism of net present value method creates and applies a very special reinvestment rate assumption. This assumption does not disturb the evaluation of investment projects with orthodox cash flow patterns. However, in the case of unorthodox cash flow patterns, automatism constructs a serious mistake in the calculations. In this case, the net present value provides wrong information about the economic efficiency. However, according to the general academic opinion, the net present value method is suitable for evaluation in the case of unorthodox cash flow patterns as well, as there can be only one net present value as opposed to the opportunity of several internal rates of return. The paper sets out to prove that this way of evaluation is wrong, and works out a solution based on the real economic basis.
Multiplicidades da imagem: a arte e os afetos
Authors: Honorato Aurélia Regina de Souza
Published: July 2016

Este texto é um recorte de meu estudo para doutoramento que teve como problema de pesquisa a seguinte questão: é possível, por meio do sensível, promover uma formação de professores e professoras de Artes com potencial crítico e político? Uma formação para um novo professor e professora que a partir da experiência cria modos de vida e assim cria uma nova aula de Artes? Nele trago reflexões acerca da imagem, especialmente a imagem na arte como exercício do olhar, buscando avançar os limites da cronologia para alcançar a imagem em sua multiplicidade. A partir de autores como Georges Didi-Huberman, Jacques Rancière, Emanuelle Coccia, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, o texto tem também como objetivo pensar a mobilização que a arte promove como afeto que, de modo reflexivo, promove um novo olhar, um novo ouvir, um novo sentir sobre as coisas do mundo.
Brejeirices, Patacoadas e Mixórdias: História de Vida, Produção Cultural e Atualidade de Cornélio Pires
Authors: Lopes Gustavo Esteves
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo tem como escopo visitar a história de vida, analisar a produção cultural e examinar o legado e a atualidade da obra do Poeta Caipira, Cornélio Pires (1884-1958). Não somente sua estrutura de criação e funcionamento inseridos/vinculados a sistemas de produção cultural são importantes para compreender o processo de implantação da indústria cultural no Brasil, como também sua obra é fonte para compreender oralidades, literariedades, formas de expressão, saberes e fazeres que ainda subsistem graças a comunidades/grupos/indivíduos detentores/produtores de bens/referências de culturas caipiras, e populares em geral.
ABANDONO SOCIAL E MIDIÁTICO: as representações da criança de rua nas páginas da revista Veja São Paulo
Authors: Martinez Doris Evalyb , Almeida Jr. Guy Pinto de
Published: July 2016

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a representação da criança carente e/ou em situação de rua da cidade de São Paulo na revista Veja São Paulo. Para atingir o objetivo realizamos uma análise do discurso jornalístico nos textos da revista, entre os anos de 2005 e 2012, relacionando-os aos conceitos de biopolítica, cunhado por Michel Foucault, às teorias sociocognitivas sobre o discurso de Teun Van Dijk e às metáforas como ferramentas sociocognitivas de George Lakoff e Mark Johnson. Como resultados, identificamos que a representação das crianças na revista é regida por dinâmicas de exclusão e marginalização, por meio de um discurso baseado em moralização, ideologia do consenso (FOWLER, 1991), criminalização e exclusão.
Comunicação de Dilma Rousseff: crise e mídias sociais
Authors: HERMONT ARABIE BEZRI , PENNINI ANICE BEZRI
Published: July 2016

A ideia que motiva este artigo é refletir sobre a comunicação política do segundo mandato da presidenta Dilma, no contexto de um Brasil em crescente processo de midiatização. As interações que se dão nas sociedades em processo de midiatização são por vezes surpreendentes. Após o fenômeno que ficou conhecido como “panelaço”, em sua fala no Dia das Mulheres (8 de março de 2015), a Presidência da República mudou meio e formato de comunicação, chegando à decisão de comunicar sua mensagem no dia 1o de maio, Dia do Trabalho, somente nas mídias sociais, e não pela televisão e pelo rádio, como em anos anteriores.
¿Qué mueve a los estudiantes exitosos? Metas y motivaciones de universitarios en las modalidades presencial y distancia.
Authors: Chiecher Analía Claudia , Ficco Cecilia Rita , Paoloni Paola Verónica , García Gabriela Analía
Published: July 2016

El inicio de la vida universitaria es un periodo difícil de transitar para los estudiantes, tanto en los estudios presenciales como a distancia. No obstante, muchos logran el rendimiento académico esperado. El objetivo de este artículo reside en analizar las metas y motivaciones de un grupo de estudiantes que logró regularizar las asignaturas previstas por el plan de estudios de las carreras que estaban cursando. Participaron del estudio 85 estudiantes de carreras de Ciencias Económicas dictadas en modalidad presencial y 14 sujetos que cursaban en la modalidad virtual. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante la administración de un cuestionario de autoinforme. Los resultados muestran prevalencia de metas de aprendizaje entre los sujetos del grupo presencial en tanto que entre los estudiantes de distancia la meta más destacada es la de evitar el fracaso. La discusión destaca la dimensión contextual de la motivación, sugiriendo acciones capaces de promover la motivación por el aprendizaje.
A Contribuição da Educomunicação para o Ensino Superior
Authors: Pinheiro Rose Mara
Published: July 2016

O interesse desse trabalho volta-se para o ensino superior e sobre o curso de Jornalismo, onde os estudantes aprendem desde cedo a lidar com os meios de comunicação e as novas tecnologias. Como fruto do meu estágio de pós-doutoramento na Faculdade Cásper Líbero, a pesquisa pretende refletir sobre a relação Comunicação e Educação nos próprios cursos de comunicação, ou seja, se a apropriação das tecnologias da informação forma cidadãos críticos e conscientes de sua participação na sociedade. Quero chamar a atenção para a contribuição da Educomunicação para o Ensino Superior.
Realization of Maxwell’s Hypothesis: A Heat-Electric Conversion in Contradiction to the Kelvin Statement
Authors: Fu Xinyong , Fu Zitao
Published: July 2016

In a vacuum tube, two identical and parallel Ag-O-Cs surfaces, with a work function of approximately 0.8eV, ceaselessly emit thermal electrons at room temperature. The thermal electrons are so controlled by a static uniform magnetic field that they can fly only from one Ag-O-Cs surface to the other, resulting in a potential difference and an electric current, and transferring a power to a resistance outside the tube. The ambient air is a single heat reservoir in the experiment, and all the heat extracted by the tube from the air is converted into electric energy without producing any other effect. The authors maintain that the experiment is in contradiction to the Kelvin statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
Modeling Categorical Random Fields via Linear Bayesian Updating
Authors: Huang Xiang , Wang Zhizhong
Published: July 2016

Categorical variables are common in spatial data analysis. Traditional analytical methods for deriving probabilities of class occurrence, such as kriging-family algorithms, have been hindered by the discrete characteristics of categorical fields. This study introduces the theoretical backgrounds of linear Bayesian updating (LBU) approach for spatial classification through expert system. Transition probabilities are interpreted as expert opinions for updating the prior marginal probabilities of categorical response variables. The main objective of this paper is to present the solid theoretical foundations of LBU and provide a categorical random field prediction method which yields relatively higher classification accuracy compared with conventional Markov chain random field (MCRF) approach. A real-world case study has also been carried out to demonstrate the superiority of our method. Since the LBU idea is originated from aggregating expert opinions and not restricted to conditional independent assumption (CIA), it may prove to be reasonably adequate for analyzing complex geospatial data sets, like remote sensing images or area-class maps.