bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution and Engineering of Precisely Controlled Ge Nanostructures on Scalable Array of Ordered Si Nano-pillars
Authors: Wang Shuguang , Zhou Tong , Li Dehui , Zhong Zhenyang
Published: June 2016

The scalable array of ordered nano-pillars with precisely controllable quantum nanostructures (QNs) are ideal candidates for the exploration of the fundamental features of cavity quantum electrodynamics. It also has a great potential in the applications of innovative nano-optoelectronic devices for the future quantum communication and integrated photon circuits. Here, we present a synthesis of such hybrid system in combination of the nanosphere lithography and the self-assembly during heteroepitaxy. The precise positioning and controllable evolution of self-assembled Ge QNs, including quantum dot necklace(QDN), QD molecule(QDM) and quantum ring(QR), on Si nano-pillars are readily achieved. Considering the strain relaxation and the non-uniform Ge growth due to the thickness-dependent and anisotropic surface diffusion of adatoms on the pillars, the comprehensive scenario of the Ge growth on Si pillars is discovered. It clarifies the inherent mechanism underlying the controllable growth of the QNs on the pillar. Moreover, it inspires a deliberate two-step growth procedure to engineer the controllable QNs on the pillar. Our results pave a promising avenue to the achievement of desired nano-pillar-QNs system that facilitates the strong light-matter interaction due to both spectra and spatial coupling between the QNs and the cavity modes of a single pillar and the periodic pillars.
Nitrous Oxide Production in Co- Versus Counter-Diffusion Nitrifying Biofilms
Authors: Peng Lai , Sun Jing , Liu Yiwen , Dai Xiaohu , Ni Bing-Jie
Published: June 2016

For the application of biofilm processes, a better understanding of nitrous oxide (N2O) formation within the biofilm is essential for design and operation of biofilm reactors with minimized N2O emissions. In this work, a previously established N2O model incorporating both ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) denitrification and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation pathways is applied in two structurally different biofilm systems to assess the effects of co- and counter-diffusion on N2O production. It is demonstrated that the diffusion of NH2OH and oxygen within both types of biofilms would form an anoxic layer with the presence of NH2OH and nitrite ( "Equation missing"), which would result in a high N2O production via AOB denitrification pathway. As a result, AOB denitrification pathway is dominant over NH2OH oxidation pathway within the co- and counter-diffusion biofilms. In comparison, the co-diffusion biofilm may generate substantially higher N2O than the counter-diffusion biofilm due to the higher accumulation of NH2OH in co-diffusion biofilm, especially under the condition of high-strength ammonium influent (500 mg N/L), thick biofilm depth (300 μm) and moderate oxygen loading (~1–~4 m3/d). The effect of co- and counter-diffusion on N2O production from the AOB biofilm is minimal when treating low-strength nitrogenous wastewater.
Loss of ARID1A expression predicts poor survival prognosis in gastric cancer: a systematic meta-analysis from 14 studies
Authors: Yang Lin , Wei Sheng , Zhao Rongxian , Wu Yingxing , Qiu Hong , Xiong Huihua
Published: June 2016

The chromatin remodeling gene, AT-rich interactive domain 1A gene (ARID1A), frequently mutates inactively in gastric cancer (GC). However, its prognostic value remains controversial. To address this issue, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed. Studies published until March 2016 were systematically searched. A total of 15 cohorts from 14 literatures involving 3183 patients were subjected to this meta-analysis. The pooled data showed that ARID1A expression loss predicted poor overall survival (OS) in GC (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.60; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.40–1.81; P < 0.001), with low heterogeneity among these studies (I2 = 21.5%; P = 0.214). Stratification analyses revealed that ARID1A expression loss was associated with poor OS in Asians (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.44–1.89), proportion of proximal disease ≤30% subgroup (HR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.36–2.38) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (+) > 5% subgroup (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.18–2.15). The robust results were suggested by sensitivity analyses and no evidence of significant publication bias was detected. This study demonstrated a significant relationship between deletion of ARID1A expression and poor OS in GC. Moreover, ethnicity, tumor location and EBV infection status might be potential key factors influencing this correlation.
A Broadband Terahertz Waveguide T-Junction Variable Power Splitter
Authors: Reichel Kimberly S. , Mendis Rajind , Mittleman Daniel M.
Published: June 2016

In order for the promise of terahertz (THz) wireless communications to become a reality, many new devices need to be developed, such as those for routing THz waves. We demonstrate a power splitting router based on a parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG) T-junction excited by the TE1 waveguide mode. By integrating a small triangular septum into the waveguide plate, we are able to direct the THz light down either one of the two output channels with precise control over the ratio between waveguide outputs. We find good agreement between experiment and simulation in both amplitude and phase. We show that the ratio between waveguide outputs varies exponentially with septum translation offset and that nearly 100% transmission can be achieved. The splitter operates over almost the entire range in which the waveguide is single mode, providing a sensitive and broadband method for THz power splitting.
Cargo binding promotes KDEL receptor clustering at the mammalian cell surface
Authors: Becker Björn , Shaebani M. Reza , Rammo Domenik , Bubel Tobias , Santen Ludger , Schmitt Manfred J.
Published: June 2016

Transmembrane receptor clustering is a ubiquitous phenomenon in pro- and eukaryotic cells to physically sense receptor/ligand interactions and subsequently translate an exogenous signal into a cellular response. Despite that receptor cluster formation has been described for a wide variety of receptors, ranging from chemotactic receptors in bacteria to growth factor and neurotransmitter receptors in mammalian cells, a mechanistic understanding of the underlying molecular processes is still puzzling. In an attempt to fill this gap we followed a combined experimental and theoretical approach by dissecting and modulating cargo binding, internalization and cellular response mediated by KDEL receptors (KDELRs) at the mammalian cell surface after interaction with a model cargo/ligand. Using a fluorescent variant of ricin toxin A chain as KDELR-ligand (eGFP-RTAH/KDEL), we demonstrate that cargo binding induces dose-dependent receptor cluster formation at and subsequent internalization from the membrane which is associated and counteracted by anterograde and microtubule-assisted receptor transport to preferred docking sites at the plasma membrane. By means of analytical arguments and extensive numerical simulations we show that cargo-synchronized receptor transport from and to the membrane is causative for KDELR/cargo cluster formation at the mammalian cell surface.
Identification and expression profiles of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Xu Gang , Gu Gui-Xiang , Teng Zi-Wen , Wu Shun-Fan , Huang Jia , Song Qi-Sheng , Ye Gong-Yin , Fang Qi
Published: June 2016

In insects, neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of multiple physiological processes by binding to their corresponding receptors, which are primarily G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The genes encoding neuropeptides and their associated GPCRs in the rice stem borerChilo suppressaliswere identified by a transcriptomic analysis and were used to identify potential targets for the disruption of physiological processes and the protection of crops. Forty-three candidate genes were found to encode the neuropeptide precursors for all known insect neuropeptides except for arginine-vasopressin-like peptide (AVLP), CNMamide, neuropeptide-like precursors 2-4 (NPLP2-4) and proctolin. In addition, novel alternative splicing variants of three neuropeptide genes (allatostatin CC, CCHamide 1 and short neuropeptide F) are reported for the first time and 51 putative neuropeptide GPCRs were identified. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that 44 of these GPCRs belong to the A-family (or rhodopsin-like), 5 belong to the B-family (or secretin-like) and 2 are leucine-rich repeat-containing GPCRs. These GPCRs and their likely ligands were also described. qRT-PCR analyses revealed the expression profiles of the neuropeptide precursors and GPCR genes in various tissues ofC. suppressalis. Our study provides fundamental information that may further our understanding of neuropeptidergic signaling systems in Lepidoptera and aid in the design of peptidomimetics, pseudopeptides or small molecules capable of disrupting the physiological processes regulated by these signaling molecules and their receptors.
Discovery and identification of candidate genes from the chitinase gene family for Verticillium dahliae resistance in cotton
Authors: Xu Jun , Xu Xiaoyang , Tian Liangliang , Wang Guilin , Zhang Xueying , Wang Xinyu , Guo Wangzhen
Published: June 2016

Verticillium dahliae, a destructive and soil-borne fungal pathogen, causes massive losses in cotton yields. However, the resistance mechanism to V. dahilae in cotton is still poorly understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that chitinases are crucial hydrolytic enzymes, which attack fungal pathogens by catalyzing the fungal cell wall degradation. As a large gene family, to date, the chitinase genes (Chis) have not been systematically analyzed and effectively utilized in cotton. Here, we identified 47, 49, 92 and 116 Chis from four sequenced cotton species, diploid Gossypium raimondii (D5), G. arboreum (A2), tetraploid G. hirsutum acc. TM-1 (AD1) and G. barbadense acc. 3–79 (AD2), respectively. The orthologous genes were not one-to-one correspondence in the diploid and tetraploid cotton species, implying changes in the number of Chis in different cotton species during the evolution of Gossypium. Phylogenetic classification indicated that these Chis could be classified into six groups, with distinguishable structural characteristics. The expression patterns of Chis indicated their various expressions in different organs and tissues and in the V. dahliae response. Silencing of Chi23, Chi32, or Chi47 in cotton significantly impaired the resistance to V. dahliae, suggesting these genes might act as positive regulators in disease resistance to V. dahliae.
Efficient production of multi-modified pigs for xenotransplantation by ‘combineering’, gene stacking and gene editing
Authors: Fischer Konrad , Kraner-Scheiber Simone , Petersen Björn , Rieblinger Beate , Buermann Anna , Flisikowska Tatiana , Flisikowski Krzysztof , Christan Susanne , Edlinger Marlene , Baars Wiebke , Kurome Mayuko , Zakhartchenko Valeri , Kessler Barbara , Plotzki Elena , Szczerbal Izabela , Switonski Marek , Denner Joachim , Wolf Eckhard , Schwinzer Reinhard , Niemann Heiner , Kind Alexander , Schnieke Angelika
Published: June 2016

Xenotransplantation from pigs could alleviate the shortage of human tissues and organs for transplantation. Means have been identified to overcome hyperacute rejection and acute vascular rejection mechanisms mounted by the recipient. The challenge is to combine multiple genetic modifications to enable normal animal breeding and meet the demand for transplants. We used two methods to colocate xenoprotective transgenes at one locus, sequential targeted transgene placement - ‘gene stacking’ and cointegration of multiple engineered large vectors - ‘combineering’, to generate pigs carrying modifications considered necessary to inhibit short to mid-term xenograft rejection. Pigs were generated by serial nuclear transfer and analysed at intermediate stages. Human complement inhibitors CD46, CD55 and CD59 were abundantly expressed in all tissues examined, human HO1 and human A20 were widely expressed. ZFN or CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homozygous GGTA1 and CMAH knockout abolished α-Gal and Neu5Gc epitopes. Cells from multi-transgenic piglets showed complete protection against human complement-mediated lysis, even before GGTA1 knockout. Blockade of endothelial activation reduced TNFα-induced E-selectin expression, IFNγ-induced MHC class-II upregulation and TNFα/cycloheximide caspase induction. Microbial analysis found no PERV-C, PCMV or 13 other infectious agents. These animals are a major advance towards clinical porcine xenotransplantation and demonstrate that livestock engineering has come of age.
Zonulin Regulates Intestinal Permeability and Facilitates Enteric Bacteria Permeation in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Li Chuanwei , Gao Min , Zhang Wen , Chen Caiyu , Zhou Faying , Hu Zhangxu , Zeng Chunyu
Published: June 2016

Several studies have reported an association between enteric bacteria and atherosclerosis. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene belong to Enterobacteriaceae have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques. How intestinal bacteria go into blood is not known. Zonulin reversibly modulate intestinal permeability (IP), the circulating zonulin levels were increased in diabetes, obesity, all of which are risk factors for atherosclerosis. It is unclear whether the circulating zonulin levels were changed in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and modulate IP. The 16S rRNA gene of bacteria in blood sample was checked by 454 pyrosequencing. The zonulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. The distribution of zonulin was detected by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Bacteria and Caco-2 cell surface micro-structure were checked by transmission electron microscopy. A high diversity of bacterial 16S rRNA gene can be detected in samples from CAD patients, most of them (99.4%) belong to Enterobacteriaceaes, eg. Rahnella. The plasma zonulin levels were significantly higher in CAD patients. Pseudomonas fluorescens exposure significantly increased zonulin expression and decreased IP in a time dependent manner. The elevated zonulin increase IP and may facilitate enteric translocation by disassembling the tight junctions, which might explain the observed high diversity of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in blood samples.
Computational imaging with a balanced detector
Authors: Soldevila F. , Clemente P. , Tajahuerce E. , Uribe-Patarroyo N. , Andrés P. , Lancis J.
Published: June 2016

Single-pixel cameras allow to obtain images in a wide range of challenging scenarios, including broad regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and through scattering media. However, there still exist several drawbacks that single-pixel architectures must address, such as acquisition speed and imaging in the presence of ambient light. In this work we introduce balanced detection in combination with simultaneous complementary illumination in a single-pixel camera. This approach enables to acquire information even when the power of the parasite signal is higher than the signal itself. Furthermore, this novel detection scheme increases both the frame rate and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. By means of a fast digital micromirror device together with a low numerical aperture collecting system, we are able to produce a live-feed video with a resolution of 64 × 64 pixels at 5 Hz. With advanced undersampling techniques, such as compressive sensing, we can acquire information at rates of 25 Hz. By using this strategy, we foresee real-time biological imaging with large area detectors in conditions where array sensors are unable to operate properly, such as infrared imaging and dealing with objects embedded in turbid media.
Integrated on-chip mass spectrometry reaction monitoring in microfluidic devices containing porous polymer monolithic columns
Authors: Dietze C. , Schulze S. , Ohla S. , Gilmore K. , Seeberger P. H. , Belder D.
Published: June 2016

Seamless combination of chemical reactions, electrochromatographic separation and electrospray ionization in one single microfluidic device.
Rapid detection of hydrazine in almost wholly water solution and in living cells with a new colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on probe
Authors: Zhai Qisong , Feng Weiyong , Feng Guoqiang
Published: June 2016

A new colorimetric and fluorescent probe for rapid detection of hydrazine in almost wholly water solution and in living cells was reported.
Catalytic spectrophotometric determination of trace Mo(vi) in milk-based beverages in the presence of bromophenol blue and H2O2 using SDS as a sensitizer
Authors: Temel Nuket Kartal , Gürkan Ramazan
Published: June 2016

A simple and low-cost catalytic spectrophotometric method using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a sensitivity-improving surfactant to detect low levels of Mo(vi) in beverage matrices was developed.
An ultra-fast illuminating fluorescent probe for monitoring formaldehyde in living cells, shiitake mushrooms, and indoors
Authors: He Longwei , Yang Xueling , Ren Mingguang , Kong Xiuqi , Liu Yong , Lin Weiying
Published: June 2016

An ultra-fast illuminating fluorescent formaldehyde probe (R6-FA) was engineered for tracing formaldehyde in living cells, shiitake mushrooms and indoors.
3D helical and 2D rhomboidal supramolecules: stepwise self-assembly and dynamic transformation of terpyridine-based metallo-architectures
Authors: Liu Die , Jiang Zhilong , Wang Ming , Yang Xiaoyu , Liu Haisheng , Chen Mingzhao , Moorefield Charles N. , Newkome George R. , Li Xiaopeng , Wang Pingshan
Published: June 2016

New routes to 2D and 3D rhomboids show promise for complex materials construction.
Elucidation of transport mechanism and enhanced alkali ion transference numbers in mixed alkali metal–organic ionic molten salts
Authors: Chen Fangfang , Forsyth Maria
Published: June 2016

This work reveals how structure facilitates diffusion of the Li/Na ion in ionic liquids with the high Li/Na concentration.
A review of carrier thermoelectric-transport theory in organic semiconductors
Authors: Lu Nianduan , Li Ling , Liu Ming
Published: June 2016

Carrier thermoelectric-transport theory has recently become of growing interest and numerous thermoelectric-transport models have been proposed for organic semiconductors, due to pressing current issues involving energy production and the environment.
Electrical impedance spectroscopy of a PET chip sandwiched between two disk electrodes: understanding the contribution of the polymer/electrode interface
Authors: Kechadi M. , Chaal L. , Vivier V. , Tribollet B. , Gamby J.
Published: June 2016

The results highlight that the resistivity distribution obtained using the power-law model provided an appropriate description of the PET/electrode interface behaviour.
Nanoscale magnetism and novel electronic properties of a bilayer bismuth(111) film with vacancies and chemical doping
Authors: Sahoo M. P. K. , Zhang Yajun , Wang Jie
Published: June 2016

A single Bi(111) bilayer with defects and transition metal impurities.
Electronic structure of CuTPP and CuTPP(F) complexes: a combined experimental and theoretical study II
Authors: Mangione Giulia , Sambi Mauro , Carlotto Silvia , Vittadini Andrea , Ligorio Giovanni , Timpel Melanie , Pasquali Luca , Giglia Angelo , Nardi Marco Vittorio , Casarin Maurizio
Published: June 2016

CuTPP and CuTPP(F) thick films deposited on Au(111) have been studied by coupling NEXAFS spectroscopy at the C/N/FK-edges and CuL2,3-edges and spin-unrestricted TD-DFT calculations.
One-pot high yield synthesis of Ag nanoparticle-embedded biochar hybrid materials from waste biomass for catalytic Cr(vi) reduction
Authors: Liu Wu-Jun , Ling LiLi , Wang Yuan-Ying , He Hui , He Yan-Rong , Yu Han-Qing , Jiang Hong
Published: June 2016

The Ag nanoparticle-embedded biochar hybrid material (Ag@biochar) was synthesized in one-pot by fast pyrolysis of the Ag preloaded biomass, and its catalytic effect on HCOOH-induced Cr(vi) reduction was evaluated.
Carbon Capture and Storage: introductory lecture
Authors: Smit Berend
Published: June 2016

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is the only available technology that allows us to significantly reduce our CO2emissions while keeping up with the ever-increasing global energy demand. Research in CCS focuses on reducing the costs of carbon capture and increasing our knowledge of geological storage to ensure the safe and permanent storage of CO2. This brief review will discuss progress in different capture and storage technologies.
Regioselective addition of Grignard reagents to tosylazafulleroid and derivatization to 1,2-disubstituted [60]fullerene
Authors: Ikuma Naohiko , Nakagawa Koji , Kokubo Ken , Oshima Takumi
Published: June 2016

Grignard reaction with tosylazafulleroid selectively gave tosyl aminylfullerene with the relatively rare 1,2-configuration, via [5,6] ring-closure and CN-bond scission.
Amorphous silica nanoparticle-induced perturbation of cholesterol homeostasis as a function of surface area highlights safe-by-design implementation: an integrated multi-OMICS analysis
Authors: Chatterjee Nivedita , Yang Jisu , Atluri Rambabu , Lee Wonwoong , Hong Jongki , Choi Jinhee
Published: June 2016

The systems toxicology approach revealed that the alterations of cholesterol biosynthesis were directly proportional with the surface area of amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs); the larger the surface area the higher the cholesterol level.
Facilitated transport membranes by incorporating different divalent metal ions as CO2 carriers
Authors: Peng Dongdong , Liu Ye , Wang Shaofei , Tian Zhizhang , Xin Qingping , Wu Hong , Chen Jianfeng , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: June 2016

The comparison on CO2 separation performance of facilitated transport membranes by introducing different divalent metal ions is reported.
Cation–π interaction in cofacial molecular dyads: a DFT and TDDFT study
Authors: Mahanta Sanjeev Pran , Dutta Biswajyoti , Bhattacharyaa Pradip K. , Bania Kusum K.
Published: June 2016

Cation–π interaction in molecular tweezer.
A bi-functional catalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions from used baby diapers: α-Fe2O3 wrapped in P and S dual doped graphitic carbon
Authors: Zhao Hong , Wang Jian , Chen Chi , Chen Dengjie , Gao Yang , Saccoccio Mattia , Ciucci Francesco
Published: June 2016

The development of energy conversion and storage devices and the disposal of solid waste represent two major challenges for environmental sustainability.
Catalytic performance of Co–Fe mixed oxide for NH3-SCR reaction and the promotional role of cobalt
Authors: Shao Changzhi , Liu Xiaofei , Meng Dongmei , Xu Qian , Guo Yanglong , Guo Yun , Zhan Wangcheng , Wang Li , Lu Guanzhong
Published: June 2016

Co-modified iron oxide (Co-FeOx) catalysts were prepared by a citric acid method for the low temperature NH3-SCR of NO in the presence of O2.
A highly efficient and selective coumarin based fluorescent probe for colorimetric detection of Fe3+and fluorescence dual sensing of Zn2+and Cu2+
Authors: Roy Nayan , Nath Surjatapa , Dutta Abhijit , Mondal Paritosh , Paul Pradip C. , Singh T. Sanjoy
Published: June 2016

A new coumarin based Schiff-base chemosensor was synthesized and evaluated. Based on Job’s plot,1H NMR titration, ESI-MS and B-H plot, the structure of ligand and its metal ion is 1 : 1 stoichiometry. It also exhibits a binary logic function.
Flexible and durable cellulose aerogels for highly effective oil/water separation
Authors: Liao Qian , Su Xiuping , Zhu Wenjing , Hua Wei , Qian Zhouqi , Liu Lin , Yao Juming
Published: June 2016

A facile and green method was presented to prepare flexible, ultralight, and hydrophobic CA on the chemical cross-linking of cellulose solution, lyophilization and subsequent hydrophobic modification with methyltrichlorosilane by a CVD process.
Role of LiTFSI in high Tgtriphenylamine-based hole transporting material in perovskite solar cell
Authors: Cho An-Na , Kim Hui-Seon , Bui Thanh-Tuân , Sallenave Xavier , Goubard Fabrice , Park Nam-Gyu
Published: June 2016

A perovskite solar cell employing a triphenylamine-based HTM (BT41) showed improved photovoltaic performance in the presence of a lithium salt as an additive due to the increased hole mobility by the oxidation of BT41.
From 1D to 3D lanthanide coordination polymers constructed with pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid: synthesis, crystal structures, and catalytic properties
Authors: Lin Xiao-Ming , Niu Ji-Liang , Wen Pei-Xian , Lu Yan-Na , Hu Lei , Zhang Da-Liang , Cai Yue-Peng
Published: June 2016

Three series of lanthanide coordination polymers have been synthesized. The structural difference may be derived from the lanthanide contraction. Moreover, we also discussed the size-selective catalytic activity towards cyanosilylation of aldehydes.
Hierarchical three-dimensional MnO2/carbon@TiO2 nanotube arrays for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Zicheng , Wang Yan , Shu Xia , Yu Cuiping , Zhang Jianfang , Cui Jiewu , Qin Yongqiang , Zheng Hongmei , Zhang Yong , Wu Yucheng
Published: June 2016

Highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) modified by other materials with enhanced conductivity and capacitance have been considered to be promising anode materials for supercapacitors.
Insight into mechanism and selectivity of propane dehydrogenation over the Pd-doped Cu(111) surface
Authors: Cao Xinrui
Published: June 2016

The Pd/Cu(111) surface demonstrates good balance between the activity, selectivity, thermal stability and the maximum use of the noble metal, showing great potential in the catalytic production of light olefins.
Effect of B2O3addition on optical and structural properties of TiO2as a new blocking layer for multiple dye sensitive solar cell application (DSSC)
Authors: Saidi Wassila , Hfaidh Nasreddine , Rasheed Mohammed , Girtan Mihaela , Megriche Adel , Maaoui Mohamed EL
Published: June 2016

TiO2–B2O3sol–gel thin films were prepared using titanium(iv) isopropoxide as a Ti source and boric acid (H3BO3) as B precursor.
Monolith-based 68Ga processing: a new strategy for purification to facilitate direct radiolabelling methods
Authors: He Ping , Burke Benjamin P. , Clemente Gonçalo S. , Brown Nathan , Pamme Nicole , Archibald Stephen J.
Published: June 2016

The post-processing of 68Ga generator eluate by means of a novel high capacity cation-exchange silica monolith column has been validated in this work.
Design of an offset‐tolerant voltage sense amplifier bit‐line sensing circuit for SRAM memories
Authors: Licciardo G.D. , Cappetta C. , Di Benedetto L. , Rubino A.
Published: June 2016

The design of a new bit‐line sensing scheme of SRAM memories is presented, which combines offset cancellation and compensation solutions. FCMOS inverters, brought to operate in their maximum gain region, are used to compensate the systematic offset of the sense amplifier and reduce the sensing delay. Systematic offset of the inverter amplifiers is cancelled by means of equalising feedback connections. A simulation analysis in Cadence environment and TSMC PDK demonstrates the very good potential of the proposed solution when it is compared with the recent and the established literature.
Design of wideband filtering power divider with high selectivity and good isolation
Authors: Wang Xuedao , Wang Jianpeng , Zhang Gang
Published: June 2016

A new microstrip wideband filtering power divider (FPD) is presented. By selecting proper coupling topology between a λ/4 short‐ended microstrip transmission line and two multimode resonators, a wideband FPD is initially constructed. Meanwhile, by wisely introducing an isolation resistor between the resonators, good port‐to‐port isolation of the FPD is obtained. For validation, one prototype wideband FPD operating at 2.24 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 32.1% is designed, fabricated, and measured. Results indicate that the presented FPD exhibits not only a high‐frequency selectivity performance with the help of two out‐of‐band transmission zeros, but also better than 22.5 dB isolation within the entire operation band.
Opportunistic source‐pair selection for multi‐user two‐way amplify‐and‐forward wireless relaying networks
Authors: Ozduran Volkan , Soleimani‐Nasab Ehsan , Yarman Binboga Siddik
Published: June 2016

This study investigates the opportunistic source‐pair selection (OSPS) strategy for the intercell interference (ICI) challenge in multi‐user amplify‐and‐forward‐based bi‐directional wireless relaying networks. The method relies on selection of an appropriate SP node among N available SP nodes based on each SP's maximum sum capacity (SC). According to analytical, asymptotic and Monte Carlo simulation results, the OSPS strategy, besides achieving the near‐optimal solution for the ICI challenge, if the number of the user‐pair increases, also achieves multi‐user diversity gain by selecting the maximum SC user‐pair in each time slot. Moreover, the SC‐based user‐pair selection method outperforms the simultaneous transmission model and the max–min‐based user‐pair selection method in such a system model.
Génioplastie fonctionnelle chez les patients en croissance
Authors: Chamberland Sylvain , Proffit William R. , Chamberland Pier-Eric
Published: June 2016

Objectifs – Évaluer le rôle de l’âge sur la régénération osseuse par
remodelage au niveau de la symphyse après génioplastie. Méthode –
Cinquante-quatre patients ayant bénéficié d’une génioplastie à la fin de leur traitement
orthodontique ont été divisés en trois groupes selon leur âge au moment de l’intervention
: moins de 15 ans (groupe 1), 15 à 19 ans (groupe 2) et 20 ans ou plus (groupe 3). Le
groupe contrôle est constitué de 23 patients n’ayant pas désiré de génioplastie, suivis
radiographiquement deux années après la fin de leur traitement. Les patients ont été
évalués à trois moments : juste avant l’intervention (T1), juste après l’intervention (T2)
et deux ans après l’intervention (T3). Résultats – La quantité d’avancement
mentonnier est identique pour les trois groupes, mais la quantité de remodelage osseux est
plus importante pour le groupe 1, un peu moins notable pour le groupe 2 et encore moins
pour le groupe 3 que pour le groupe 2. Pour les trois groupes, l’épaisseur de la symphyse
a considérablement augmenté dans les deux années qui ont suivi l’intervention, mais la
quantité d’os néoformé est bien plus importante dans le groupe 1 que dans le groupe 3. Le
remodelage osseux, aussi bien au-dessus que derrière la symphyse déplacée, est également
plus important chez les plus jeunes du fait de la croissance verticale des procès
alvéolaires. Il n’y a aucune preuve d’un quelconque effet délétère de la génioplastie sur
la croissance mandibulaire. Conclusion – La génioplastie avec déplacement du
segment mentonnier vers le haut et vers l’avant permet d’accroître l’épaisseur de l’os
symphysaire, par apposition osseuse au-dessus du point B, ainsi qu’au niveau du point
Gnathion. Lorsqu’elle est indiquée, la génioplastie doit être réalisée avant l’âge de 15
ans pour générer les meilleurs résultats en termes de remodelage osseux.
Intérêts de l’utilisation des mini-vis orthodontiques en tant
qu’ancrage indirect dans la correction de l’égression d’incisives mandibulaires pour un
patient présentant une classe II hypodivergente
Authors: Ishihara Yoshihito , Kuroda Shingo , Sugawara Yasuyo , Balam Tarek A. , Takano-Yamamoto Teruko , Yamashiro Takashi
Published: June 2016

Les anomalies dento-alvéolaires du sens vertical sont un problème commun chez les
patients orthodontiques, mais restent souvent difficiles à traiter avec des mécaniques
traditionnelles. Le cas décrit dans cet article illustre un traitement réalisé avec succès
permettant la correction de l’égression d’incisives mandibulaires par l’utilisation de
mini-vis en tant qu’ancrage indirect. Une femme (âgée de 22 ans et neuf mois) a consulté
parce que ses incisives supérieures étaient protrusives et encombrées. Sa courbe de Spee
excessive était causée par l’égression des incisives mandibulaires. Cette patiente
présentait une sévère classe II, division 1 et une supraclusion importante. Après
l’extraction des premières prémolaires mandibulaires et la successive phase de
nivellement, les incisives égressées ont été ingressées par une nouvelle méthode, qui est
une combinaison de l’utilisation d’arcs orthodontiques sectionnels et de mini-vis insérées
dans la région des prémolaires. Après cette procédure, les incisives mandibulaires ont été
ingressées de 6,5 mm sans effet indésirable. La durée totale du traitement actif était de
42 mois. L’occlusion obtenue et le profil facial satisfaisant ont été maintenus après 30
mois de contention. Notre nouvelle approche de l’ingression nous montre de nouvelles
potentialités quant à la correction de supraclusions importantes.
A Pilot Study into the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety in the Elderly of a Homeopathic Flu Prophylaxis and the Regular Flu Vaccination in the Netherlands
Authors: Hasselaar Gerrie , van Nijnatten Willem , Golden Isaac
Published: June 2016

A prospective observational pilot study was conducted in the Netherlands between October 12, 2013 and February 21, 2014 to measure the effectiveness and safety of three immunisation options against influenza, as well as changes in participants' well-being. It appears that vaccination against influenza may not be the most effective and safest option and that the use of homeoprophylaxis against influenza should be studied in larger cohorts.
International Educational Standards for Homeoprophylaxis
Authors: Cope Greg
Published: June 2016

Homeopathic education standards are regulated by a range of variable practices in different countries. Professional organisations commonly regulate courses without statutory support for this task. Statutory enforcement of educational standards (with/without statutory registration of practitioners) is relatively uncommon. The development of professional standards in homeopathic education has increased in recent decades; however, most systems remain voluntary and provide guidance rather enforce requirements. Educational standards include a significant degree of commonality in homeopathic knowledge and skills, with larger variations in biosciences, social sciences and research methodology. Homeopathic prophylactic techniques are an exception to this commonality, and are rarely well addressed in educational guidelines despite the attention they receive within the community. Public health and infectious disease training is similarly inadequately addressed as underpinning knowledge for prophylactic prescribing approaches in practice.
Indications for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing in Congenital Craniofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Fisher Mark , Medina Miguel , Bojovic Branko , Ahn Edward , Dorafshar Amir H.
Published: June 2016

The complex three-dimensional relationships in congenital craniofacial reconstruction uniquely lend themselves to the ability to accurately plan and model the result provided by computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). The goal of this study was to illustrate indications where CAD/CAM would be helpful in the treatment of congenital craniofacial anomalies reconstruction and to discuss the application of this technology and its outcomes. A retrospective review was performed of all congenital craniofacial cases performed by the senior author between 2010 and 2014. Cases where CAD/CAM was used were identified, and illustrative cases to demonstrate the benefits of CAD/CAM were selected. Preoperative appearance, computerized plan, intraoperative course, and final outcome were analyzed. Preoperative planning enabled efficient execution of the operative plan with predictable results. Risk factors which made these patients good candidates for CAD/CAM were identified and compiled. Several indications, including multisuture and revisional craniosynostosis, facial bipartition, four-wall box osteotomy, reduction cranioplasty, and distraction osteogenesis could benefit most from this technology. We illustrate the use of CAD/CAM for these applications and describe the decision-making process both before and during surgery. We explore why we believe that CAD/CAM is indicated in these scenarios as well as the disadvantages and risks.
Coverage-dependent adsorption and desorption of oxygen on Pd(100)
Authors: den Dunnen Angela , Jacobse Leon , Wiegman Sandra , Berg Otto T. , Juurlink Ludo B. F.
Published: June 2016

We have studied the adsorption and desorption of O2 on Pd(100) by supersonic molecular beam techniques and thermal desorption spectroscopy. Adsorption measurements on the bare surface confirm that O2 initially dissociates for all kinetic energies between 56 and 380 meV and surface temperatures between 100 and 600 K via a direct mechanism. At and below 150 K, continued adsorption leads to a combined O/O2 overlayer. Dissociation of molecularly bound O2 during a subsequent temperature ramp leads to unexpected high atomic oxygen coverages, which are also obtained at high incident energy and high surface temperature. At intermediate temperatures and energies, these high final coverages are not obtained. Our results show that kinetic energy of the gas phase reactant and reaction energy dissipated during O2 dissociation on the cold surface both enable activated nucleation of high-coverage surface structures. We suggest that excitation of local substrate phonons may play a crucial role in oxygen dissociation at any coverage.
Interpolation of property-values between electron numbers is inconsistent with ensemble averaging
Authors: Miranda-Quintana Ramón Alain , Ayers Paul W.
Published: June 2016

In this work we explore the physical foundations of models that study the variation of the ground state energy with respect to the number of electrons (E vs. N models), in terms of general grand-canonical (GC) ensemble formulations. In particular, we focus on E vs. N models that interpolate the energy between states with integer number of electrons. We show that if the interpolation of the energy corresponds to a GC ensemble, it is not differentiable. Conversely, if the interpolation is smooth, then it cannot be formulated as any GC ensemble. This proves that interpolation of electronic properties between integer electron numbers is inconsistent with any form of ensemble averaging. This emphasizes the role of derivative discontinuities and the critical role of a subsystem’s surroundings in determining its properties.
Quartz tuning fork based microwave impedance microscopy
Authors: Cui Yong-Tao , Ma Eric Yue , Shen Zhi-Xun
Published: June 2016

Microwave impedance microscopy (MIM), a near-field microwave scanning probe technique, has become a powerful tool to characterize local electrical responses in solid state samples. We present the design of a new type of MIM sensor based on quartz tuning fork and electrochemically etched thin metal wires. Due to a higher aspect ratio tip and integration with tuning fork, such design achieves comparable MIM performance and enables easy self-sensing topography feedback in situations where the conventional optical feedback mechanism is not available, thus is complementary to microfabricated shielded stripline-type probes. The new design also enables stable differential mode MIM detection and multiple-frequency MIM measurements with a single sensor.
Influence of the mixing parameter on the second order moments of velocity and concentration in Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence
Authors: Soulard Olivier , Griffond Jérôme , Gréa Benoît-Joseph
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the existence of simple algebraic expressions linking the second order moments of velocity and concentration in Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence, in the Boussinesq limit. Focusing on the concentration variance, these relations allow to underline the influence of mixing on the remaining second order correlations, as well as on the growth rate of the mixing zone.
Applicability of micro-channel plate followed by phosphor screen to charged particles
Authors: Himura H. , Nakata S. , Sanpei A.
Published: June 2016

This paper experimentally investigates the applicability of a micro-channel plate (MCP) followed by a phosphor screen to charged particles along with a calibration method for estimating the acceptable limit of input particle flux and appropriate operation parameters of a particular MCP. For the first time, plasmas consisting of only lithium ions are injected into the MCP. Despite large ion numbers (Ni) on the order of ≃107, no deterioration in the effective gain (αG) of the MCP owing to an excess amount of the extracted charge occurs in a certain range of the amplifier voltage (ΔUM) applied to the MCP. The measured αG nearly agrees with the expected value. However, once ΔUM exceeds a limit value, αG eventually begins to saturate. This is also verified in experiments using pure electron plasmas. An appropriate range of ΔUM is presented to avoid saturation and, finally, derive Ni directly from the secondary electron current outputted from the MCP only after the indispensable calibration.
Clusters of eigenvalues for the magnetic Laplacian with Robin condition
Authors: Goffeng Magnus , Kachmar Ayman , Persson Sundqvist Mikael
Published: June 2016

We study the Schrödinger operator with a constant magnetic field in the exterior of a compact domain in Euclidean space. Functions in the domain of the operator are subject to a boundary condition of the third type (a magnetic Robin condition). In addition to the Landau levels, we obtain that the spectrum of this operator consists of clusters of eigenvalues around the Landau levels and that they do accumulate to the Landau levels from below. We give a precise asymptotic formula for the rate of accumulation of eigenvalues in these clusters, which is independent of the boundary condition.
Non-resonant dynamic stark control of vibrational motion with optimized laser pulses
Authors: Thomas Esben F. , Henriksen Niels E.
Published: June 2016

The term dynamic Stark control (DSC) has been used to describe methods of quantum control related to the dynamic Stark effect, i.e., a time-dependent distortion of energy levels. Here, we employ analytical models that present clear and concise interpretations of the principles behind DSC. Within a linearly forced harmonic oscillator model of vibrational excitation, we show how the vibrational amplitude is related to the pulse envelope, and independent of the carrier frequency of the laser pulse, in the DSC regime. Furthermore, we shed light on the DSC regarding the construction of optimal pulse envelopes — from a time-domain as well as a frequency-domain perspective. Finally, in a numerical study beyond the linearly forced harmonic oscillator model, we show that a pulse envelope can be constructed such that a vibrational excitation into a specific excited vibrational eigenstate is accomplished. The pulse envelope is constructed such that high intensities are avoided in order to eliminate the process of ionization.
Glass transition and stable glass formation of tetrachloromethane
Authors: Chua Y. Z. , Tylinski M. , Tatsumi S. , Ediger M. D. , Schick C.
Published: June 2016

Physical vapor deposition (PVD) has been used to prepare organic glasses with very high kinetic stability and it has been suggested that molecular anisotropy is a prerequisite for stable glass formation. Here we use PVD to prepare glasses of tetrachloromethane, a simple organic molecule with a nearly isotropic molecular structure. In situ AC nanocalorimetry was used to characterize the vapor-deposited glasses. Glasses of high kinetic stability were produced by deposition near 0.8 Tg. The isothermal transformation of the vapor-deposited glasses into the supercooled liquid state gave further evidence that tetrachloromethane forms glasses with high kinetic stability, with the transformation time exceeding the structural relaxation time of the supercooled liquid by a factor of 103. The glass transition temperature of liquid-cooled tetrachloromethane is determined as Tg ≈ 78 K, which is different from previously reported values. The frequency dependence of the glass transition was also determined and the fragility was estimated as m ≈ 118. The successful formation of PVD glasses of tetrachloromethane which have high kinetic stability argues that molecular asymmetry is not a prerequisite for stable glass formation.
Interfacial structure designs with impedance-matching for ideal broadband antireflections
Authors: Han Lu , Zhao Hongping
Published: June 2016

This work focuses on the ideal broadband antireflection structure designs based on the impedance-matching and the effective medium theory. Graded refractive index profiles that satisfy the impedance-matching condition between two media result in zero reflection over the entire wavelength range. Our studies found that both the thickness of the graded refractive index layer and the refractive indices of the adjacent two media determine the dispersion properties of the graded refractive index profiles. Specifically, we case-studied the dispersion properties of the gradient refractive index profiles for silicon, GaN, and glass substrates. The effective medium theory was utilized to design interface structures that match the ideal graded refractive index profiles. The accuracy of this design approach was assessed by comparing the filling factor as a function of thickness by using effective medium theory with zeroth-order and second-order approximations. A novel interface structure with concaved-dome geometrical shape was studied as a new type of impedance-matching antireflection structure (concaved-dome impedance-matching II), which has the advantage of reduced effective feature size and thus can better match the ideal graded refractive index profiles by applying the effective medium theory more accurately. The interface reflection properties of the impedance-matching II structure were computed via a three-dimensional finite difference time domain method. The interface reflections were compared with that of a conventional flat surface, a previously proposed micro-dome structure, and a traditional impedance-matching structure (impedance-matching I), which revealed that the concaved-dome impedance-matching II structure has the best antireflection performance over a broad wavelength range and wide incidence angles.
Quantum Monte Carlo with variable spins
Authors: Melton Cody A. , Bennett M. Chandler , Mitas Lubos
Published: June 2016

We investigate the inclusion of variable spins in electronic structure quantum Monte Carlo, with a focus on diffusion Monte Carlo with Hamiltonians that include spin-orbit interactions. Following our previous introduction of fixed-phase spin-orbit diffusion Monte Carlo, we thoroughly discuss the details of the method and elaborate upon its technicalities. We present a proof for an upper-bound property for complex nonlocal operators, which allows for the implementation of T-moves to ensure the variational property. We discuss the time step biases associated with our particular choice of spin representation. Applications of the method are also presented for atomic and molecular systems. We calculate the binding energies and geometry of the PbH and Sn2 molecules, as well as the electron affinities of the 6p row elements in close agreement with experiments.