bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment and Probation Practices in Combating Drug Addiction: Turkey, United States, Germany and Ireland Samples
Authors: FIRAT Sunay , ERK Mehmet Aykut
Published: June 2019

Probation in Turkey and in the world is different in giving a decision, determining the convict’s suitability to the process, content, and elements in the process, components in the content of the process and problems in the implementations. Due to these differences, treatment and probation measures in the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Ireland, which has a central administration system, and the probation system in our country have been compared. In order to contribute to the fields of education, improvement and supervision for individuals who have been treated for probation and probation measures for crimes such as drug use and possession in our country, the similarities, and differences of the practices of the countries have been examined.
The Construction of Law Neutrality of State Civil Apparatus in the Simultaneous Local Election in Indonesia
Authors: Riwanto Agus
Published: June 2019

This article will examine and explore the urgency of the state's civil apparatus to be neutral in the simultaneous local election. State civil apparatus is an apparatus that works to serve the public interest rather than serve a particular group. That is why the need for the construction of constitutional law in an effort to create regulations in order the state civil apparatus has to be neutral. The construction by progressive constitutional law is by looking for new ways or role breaking and innovative breakthroughs, if the normal way and normative unable to immediately realize the objectives of the simultaneous local elections. There are three ways: First, to revoke the right to vote of state civil apparatus in the general election. Second, models political apointee  bureaucracy in the local government. Third, change the model of career guidance state civil apparatus fom government regional autonomy to the central government by rank or class.
FDI on Tourism and the Environmental Damage: What Indonesia’s Trade and Investment Agreements Can Do?
Authors: Widiatedja I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit
Published: June 2019

The existence of FDI on tourism has provided benefits, covering job opportunities, transfer of technology, government revenue, and the partnership with small and medium enterprises. However, FDI on tourism has also contributed to environmental damage in Indonesia. This paper is aimed to analyse whether trade and investment agreements that involve Indonesia can contribute to prevent and mitigate environmental damage as a result from FDI on tourism. This article is normative research, examining the existing trade and investment agreements that involve Indonesia and compare them with other countries’ agreements. This paper argues that there is evidence to suggest that trade and investment agreements may incorporate provisions in order to ameliorate environmental harm from the existence of FDI on tourism. However, Indonesia has not incorporated any such provisions in its own agreements. Hence, this paper explains that there will be three suggestions to be considered, namely: Indonesia should start putting environmental concern under its trade schedule; Indonesia should consider opening environmental services; and Indonesia should start putting environmental concern in its investment agreements.
PASİF İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASI POLİTİKALARI: İŞSİZLİK ÖDENEĞİ VE İŞSİZLİK YARDIMI UYGULAMALARI - PASSIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES: UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS AND UNEMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE
Authors: KOCABAŞ Fatma , CANBEY - ÖZGÜLER Verda
Published: June 2019

İşsizlik çalışma ekonomisi ve endüstri ilişkileri alanında yapılan çalışmalarda en çok tartışılan kavramlardan biridir. İşsizlik içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılın en önemli sosyo ekonomik sorunlarından birisidir. İşsizlik riski, ülkelerin ekonomileri ve halkı üzerinde ciddi olumsuz sonuçlar yaratmaktadır. Halkın satın alma gücündeki düşüşe bağlı olarak ülkenin üretim kapasitesi azalmakta ve işçinin yaşam standarttı düşmekte dolayısıyla işçi psikolojik sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Bütün bunlardan toplum huzuru da olumsuz yönde etkilenmektedir. Hatta işsizlik sorununun ötesinde asıl tartışılması gereken konu işsizlikle mücadele yöntemleridir. Pasif ve aktif işgücü piyasası politikaları işsizlikle mücadelede kullanılmaktadır. İşsizlik nedeniyle uğranılan gelir kayıplarını gidermek, kişiye asgari düzeyde, ekonomik bir güvence sağlamak amacıyla uygulanan pasif işgücü piyasası politikaları denildiğinde ilk akla gelen işsizlik sigortası ve işsizlik yardımıdır. İşsizlik sigortası ve işsizlik yardımı birbiri ile benzer amaçlara sahip olmakla birlikte yararlanma koşulları ve kapsamı bakımından farklılıklar göstermektedir.Bu çalışmada genel olarak, işsizlik sigortası konusu ele alınarak Türkiye’de işsizlik sigortasından yararlanma koşulları ilgili mevzuat dikkate alınarak ortaya konularak pasif işgücü piyasası politikaları içinde yer almakla birlikte Türkiye’de uygulanmayan işsizlik yardımı konusuna değinilmiştir.
Comparison of Listening Mozart Music With Murotal Al Quran on the Pain of Hypertension Patients
Authors: Wirakhmi Ikit Netra , Utami Tin , Purnawan Iwan
Published: June 2019

Absstract

The number of people with hypertension is increasing over time. The most frequest complaint experienced by people with hypertension is pain. Complications of pain can be avoided through correct pain management. Listening to music and murotal Al Quran on some researches can provide a relaxation effect that potentially reduces pain. This study was aimed to identify differences effect in listening mozart music with murotal Al Quran in order to purifying pain of hypertensive sufferers. This research was quasi experiment with pre-test and post-test with two groups design. Data were collected using consecutive sampling technique with 15 respondents for each group. Pain measurement was taken twice before and after listening to music mozart or murotal Al Quran for 15 minutes. Statistic test using mann whitney showed that there was significant mean difference of pain before and after treatment in the murotal group of Al Quran (value p = 0,002). While in the mozart group the difference of pain before and after treatment was not significant (p = 0,051). Listening to murotal Al Quran is more effective in reducing pain in hypertensive sufferers compared to that in mozart music.

Abstrak

Jumlah penerita hipertensi terus mengalmi peningkatan. Salah satu keluhan yang sering dialami oleh penderita hipertensi adalah rasa sakit. Komplikasi dari nyeri dapat dihindari melalui manajemen nyeri yang benar. Mendengarkan musik dan murotal Al Quran pada beberapa penelitian dapat memberikan efek relaksasi yang berpotensi mengurangi rasa sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan dalam efek mendengarkan musik mozart dengan murotal Al Quran dalam memurnikan rasa sakit penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan pre test dan post test dengan dua desain kelompok. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan 15 responden untuk setiap kelompok. Data nyeri masing-masing responden diambil dua kali sebelum dan sesudah mendengarkan musik mozart atau murotal Al Quran selama 15 menit. Uji statistik menggunakan mann whitney menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan rerata nyeri sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok murotal Al Quran (nilai p = 0,002). Sedangkan pada kelompok mozart perbedaan nyeri sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan tidak signifikan (p = 0,051). Mendengarkan murotal Al Quran lebih efektif dalam mengurangi rasa sakit penderita hipertensi dibandingkan dengan musik mozart.
Fasting Blood Glucose Levels in Adult Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors
Authors: Dewi Dwi Hananta , Probandari Ari Natalia , Indarto Dono
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Indonesia has the sixth largest number of people with diabetes in the world. This study aimed to investigate association of age of menarche, duration of diabetes, vitamin c (VC) intake and psychological stress with fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in adult women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Psychological stress was measured using a STAI questionnaire, while anthropometry, duration of diabetes and age of first menarche were assessed using open questionnaires. Vitamin C intake and FBG level were measured using SQ-FFQ and the hexokinase method respectively. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rank correlation and multiple linear regression tests. A total of 188 adult women with T2DM had mean age 53±5.31 years old, Body Mass Index (BMI) 25±3.76 kg/m2, age at menarche 13.8±1.71 years old, duration of diabetes 4.4±3.38 years and VC 56.9±46.79 mg/day. Body Mass Index (r=-0.190 p=0.011) and VC intake (r=-0.153 p=0.049) were associated with FBG levels. While, age of menarche, duration of diabetes and psychological stress were not associated with FBG levels.

Abstrak

Indonesia menempati peringkat keenam terbesar jumlah penderita diabetes melitus (DM) di dunia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan usia menarche, lama menderita DM tipe 2 (DMT2), asupan vitamin c (VC) dan stres psikologis dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) pada perempuan dengan DMT2 Stres psikologis diukur menggunakan kuesioner STAI sedangkan data antropometri, lama menderita T2DM dan usia menstruasi dikaji dengan kuisioner terbuka. Asupan vitamin C ditentukan dengan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) dan kadar GDP serum diukur dengan metode hexokinase. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Korelasi Spearman dan regresi linier ganda. Sebanyak 188 subjek memiliki rata-rata usia 53+5,31 tahun, IMT 25+3,76 kg/m2, lama menderita DMT2 4,4+3,38 tahun, usia mesntruasi 13,8+1,71 tahun dan asupan VC 56,9±46,79 mg/day. Indeks Massa Tubuh (r=-0.190; p=0,011) dan asupan VC (r=-0,153; p=0,049) berhubungan dengan kadar GDP. Sementara itu usia menstruasi, lama menderita DM dan stress psikologi tidak berhubungan dengan kadar GDP.
Dakwah Virtual sebagai Banalitas Keberagamaan di Era Disrupsi
Authors: Risdiana Aris , Ramadhan Reza Bakhtiar
Published: June 2019

Media sosial memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan Dakwah Islamiyah. Perkembangan ini lantas membentuk pola baru dakwah, dan sekaligus melahirkan fenomena baru keberagamaan. Maraknya status dan postingan bernuansa dakwah keagamaan oleh para ‘ulama di media sosial, seperti facebook, twitter dan whatsapp, secara sporadis menyeret para user berlomba-lomba menyebarkannya sebagai upaya menampilkan kesalehan dalam ruang publik. Fenomena dakwah copy-paste dan share men-share semakin menjamur dan mengarah pada perilaku spam (menyampah), yang meresahkan sebagian user lain. Derasnya arus informasi dan kebebasan yang tidak terkontrol di media sosial terkait dakwah copy-paste ini lantas mencerminkan kedangkalan intelektual dan kemalasan beragama yang sangat mendalam, yang juga membentuk pola banalitas perilaku keberagamaan umat beragama. Tulisan ini menguji lebih mendalam terkait fenomena sosial berupa dakwah copy-paste yang diproduksi terus-menerus dan membentuk perilaku keberagamaan baru di era milenial dengan menggunakan pendekatan tindakan sosial. Teori Habitus Pierre Felix Bordiue membentuk tulisan ini menelusuri motif dari aktor-aktor sosial, yang dalam konteks ini adalah para user yang mencoba menampilkan kesalehan, namun yang tercipta adalah stigma kedangkalan intelektual disertai kemalasan dalam beragama.
MANAGEMEN PENGELOLAAN KELAS DI TK KARTIKA II-26 BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Fitriani Ani , Kusuma Cahniyo Wijaya , Kusuma Cahniyo Wijaya , Ahmad H , Ahmad H
Published: June 2019

This study aims to describe the application of classroom management in TK Kartika II-26 Bandar Lampung. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods used are the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the management of classroom management used by educators in TK Kartika II-26 Bandar Lampung was (1) arrangement of room facilities and infrastructure tailored to the activities to be carried out (2) grouping of tables and chairs according to children's needs so that they had space more flexible motion (3) The arrangement of table chairs can change, when participating in activities, children do not always sit in a chair, but can also sit on the floor / carpet, (4) Walls can be used to attach facilities used as learning resources and results children's activities but not too much so as not to disturb the child's attention, (5) Laying and storing playground equipment is arranged in such a way that it can train children to get used to habituation such as independence, responsibility, making decisions, customizing equipment and so on, play tools for safety activities are arranged in ruanga n, so that it can function if needed by students, (6) Classes for kindergarten children need to be designed fun. Bright and cheerful colors are loved by children. However, do not overcrowd the color because it can distract the child and (7) the sun's light can try to enter properly so the class is not dark.
PARADIGMA BARU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI BERDASARKAN KARYA MUNIF CHATIB “ORANGTUANYA MANUSIA”
Authors: Jalil Muhamad
Published: June 2019

The researchers 'interest in discussing the book by Munif Chatib's "Parents of Man" was motivated by researchers' concerns in following the development of the AUD and observing parenting in the community. The purpose of this study was to explain Munif Chatib's ideas in reconstructing a new paradigm of AUD education at home and school. This research was a library research. The results showed that there were seven (7) new paradigms in AUD parenting according to Munif Chatib, namely: (1) providing the right stimulus to boost AUD intelligence; (2) the success of AUD education, (3) generating AUD self-confidence; (4) identifying AUD talents and interests; (5) Choosing the right school; (6) help children learn at home; and (7) overcoming the influence of media and pornography.
METODE PRAKTEK DALAM MEMPERKENALKAN NILAI-NILAI KEAGAMAAN PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI PAUD MAWAR TASIKREJO PEMALANG
Authors: Fadli Failasuf -
Published: June 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian Deskriptif ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan metode praktek untuk anak usia dini di PAUD Mawar Tasikrejo dengan tujuan sebagai langkah untuk mengenalkan nilai-nilai keagamaan kepada anak pra sekolah. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan observasi lapangan dan wawancara dengan guru yang bersangkutan. Dari hasil wawancara dan data di lapangan membuktikan bahwa PAUD Mawar menerapkan metode praktek sholat maghrib dan wudhu kepada para siswa disamping adanya metode-metode lain untuk mengenalkan nilai-nilai keagamaan kepada siswanya. Dengan menggunakan metode praktek dalam pembelajaran diharapkan para siswa mampu untuk menerima materi yang disampaikan dengan baik dan dapat mempraktekan secara nyata pengetahuan yang telah disampaikan guru ketika di sekolah. Dengan diperkenalkannya anak-anak pada nilai-nilai keagamaan maka anak akan mampu mengembangkan potensi spritualitasnya dengan baik sesuai dengan tingkatan usianya. Selain itu, Juga dapat mengetahui kewajiban yang harus anak-anak lakukan sebagai makhluk Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Spiritual juga disebut bekal bagi anak untuk tetap menggunakan nurani dan karakter positifnya
Inter- and intra-breed genome-wide copy number diversity in a large cohort of European equine breeds
Authors: Solé Marina , Ablondi Michela , Binzer-Panchal Amrei , Velie Brandon D , Hollfelder Nina , Buys Nadine , Ducro Bart J , François Liesbeth , Janssens Steven , Schurink Anouk , Viklund Åsa , Eriksson Susanne , Isaksson Anders , Kultima Hanna , Mikko Sofia , Lindgren Gabriella
Published: June 2019

Background

Copy Number Variation (CNV) is a common form of genetic variation underlying animal evolution and phenotypic diversity across a wide range of species. In the mammalian genome, high frequency of CNV differentiation between breeds may be candidates for population-specific selection. However, CNV differentiation, selection and its population genetics have been poorly explored in horses.

Results

We investigated the patterns, population variation and gene annotation of CNV using the Axiom® Equine Genotyping Array (670,796 SNPs) from a large cohort of individuals (N=1,755) belonging to eight European horse breeds, varying from draught horses to several warmblood populations. After quality control, 152,640 SNP CNVs (individual markers), 18,800 segment CNVs (consecutive SNP CNVs of same gain/loss state or both) and 939 CNV regions (CNVRs; overlapping segment CNVs by at least 1bp) compared to the average signal of the reference were identified. Our analyses showed that Equus caballus chromosome 12 (ECA12) was the most enriched in segment CNV gains and losses (~3% average proportion of the genome covered), but the highest number of segment CNVs were detected on ECA1 and ECA20 (regardless of size). The Friesian horses showed high percentage of unique SNP CNV gains (>20% of the samples) on ECA1 and Exmoor ponies displayed high percentage of unique SNP CNV losses on ECA25 (>20% of the samples). The length of the CNVRs ranged from 1 kb to 21.3 Mb. A total of 10,612 genes were annotated within the CNVRs. The panther annotation of these genes showed significantly under- and overrepresented gene ontology biological terms related to cellular processes and immunity (Bonferroni P-value < 0.05). We identified 80 CNVRs overlapping with known QTL for fertility, coat colour, conformation and temperament. We also report 67 novel CNVRs which contribute to the catalogue of known CNVs in the horse genome.

Conclusions

This work revealed that CNV patterns, in the genome of some European horse breeds, occurred in specific genomic regions and were enriched on ECA1, 7, 9 and 25. The results provide support to the hypothesis that high frequency breed-specific CNVs residing in genes may potentially be responsible for the diverse phenotypes seen between horse breeds.
Falls in patients with Parkinson’s disease from China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Huang Shuqi , Li Nannan , Tu Shuangyan , Sun Xiaoyi , Yuan Pingqiao , Peng Rong , rong yang
Published: June 2019

Background

Falling is a common and devastating problem in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. However, the factors associated with fall among Chinese PD population remain unclear.

Aim

The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and potential factors independently contribute to falls in patients with PD.

Methods

This cross-sectional study recruited one hundred and ninety-seven PD patients from West China Hospital. According to patients or their caregivers’ memory divided them into two different groups: fallers and non-fallers. Demographical information, clinical features and pharmacological conditions of patients were all collected.

Results

Out of 197 patients (mean age 63.2±9.0 years) 55.3% (110/197) patients had at least one fall in the half of year. Factors associated with falls in PD including: sex, age, co-disease condition, clinical symptoms, the severity of disease, doing activities, the function of balance, cognition, and the emotional conditions. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found by binary regression in Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) stage (OR = 11.500, 95% CI = 2.801-47.214, P = 0.001), the Hamilton Depression (HAMD-24) Rating Scale (OR = 1.296, 95% CI = 1.034-1.296, P = 0.011) and the Falls Efficacy (FES) Scale (OR = 1.028, 95% CI = 1.004-1.053, P = 0.021). However, doing exercise (OR = 0.159, 95% CI = 0.046-0.555, P = 0.004) is a protective factor for PD patients.

Conclusions

Patients with severe disease, bad psychological condition will increase the risk of falling. Monitoring disease progress and pay more attention on non-motor symptoms are needed while patients in the mild stage.
Comparison of the Metabolites and Carotenoids between a Graft Chimera ‘Hongrou Huyou’ (Citrus unshiu + C. changshan-huyou) and Two Donors
Authors: Zhang Min , Jing Luyang , Wu Qun , Ke Fuzhi , Xu Jianguo , Zhao Siqing , Wang Gang , Zhang Chi
Published: June 2019

Background: Graft chimeras can be synthesized out, which is crucial to cultivar breeding. A new graft chimera named ‘Hongrou Huyou’, simply as OCC (the cell layers constitutions were ‘O’ for L1 and ‘C’ for L2 & L3, determined by ‘Owari’ satsuma mandarin and ‘Changshan Huyou’, respectively) was found at the junction where a scion C top-grafted onto a stock O, in an orchard in Changshan county, Quzhou city of Zhejiang province. This study investigated the primary metabolites, volatiles and carotenoids of OCC, aiming to figure out which substances are derived from layer source donors and which are newly generated by genetic regulation and interaction of two donors.
Results: Based on statistical similarity analysis, the main results indicated that some substances in peels of OCC, such as 4-aminobutanoic acid, and palmitic acid were derived from C, while others in juice sacs, such as 4-aminobutanoic acid and palmitic acid were produced by O. Among those identical compounds observed in three cultivars, the concentrations of 13 and 7 compounds in OCC were significantly higher and lower than those in any of the donors, respectively. Especially, Germacrene D even exceeded 6-17 times than two donors in juice sacs. Interestingly, α-ylangene was herein exclusively observed in OCC and were rarely reported in any other citrus species, this was probably due to the interactions of cell layers from different genotypic donor parents and then lead to addictive effect in chimeras; the presence and absence of some profiles, such as the disappearance of α-carotene in C, can be used for genotype differentiation and citrus breeding assessment.
Conclusion: Our results first systematically provide a chemical characterization of a citrus chimera, and found the genetic regularity of chemical substances and put forward some predictions on donor-controlled and autonomous metabolic patterns in plant chimeras. This work provide a theory guidance for synthetic chimera and diversity of certain chemical-preserved cultivars can try to be obtained in this way.
Key words: Citrus, Periclinal chimera, Metabolites, Volatiles, Carotenoids
Preoperative Risk Factors for Predicting Missed Diagnosis of Renal Vein Tumor Thrombus in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jiang Weixing , Cao Chuanzhen , Shi Hongzhe , Shou Jianzhong , Wang Dong , Wen Li , Li Changling , Ma Jianhui
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Previously, we have found some renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with renal vein tumor thrombus (RVTT) were misdiagnosed preoperatively. To improve the accuracy of diagnosis of RVTT in RCC, the clinical characteristics of RCC with missed diagnosis of RVTT were analyzed.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed RCC patients with RVTT between January 2000 and December 2015. Survival analysis was estimated using Kaplan-Meier. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to identify risk factors.
Results: Missed diagnosis rate of RVTT in RCC was 30.5%. In multivariate analysis, maximal tumor diameter (OR=1.218, p=0.034)，tumor located in the middle part (OR=1.354, p=0.003), renal vein contrast agents filling not well (OR=1.252, p=0.015) and tumor with collateral vessels (OR=1.218, p=0.037) were independent predictors of missed diagnosis of RVTT. A missed-diagnosis score presented an AUC of 0.852 (p<0.001). In addition, missed diagnosis group patients had relative favorable prognosis, and tumor with collateral vessels was an independent prognostic indicator of poor OS of RVTT (HR=1.153, p=0.025).
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this was the first study that explored clinical features as predictors of missed diagnosis of RVTT. It should be alert to the possibility of complicating tumor thrombus at once with preoperative presence of renal tumor located in the middle part, renal tumor with collateral vessels, renal vein contrast agents filling not well.
Evaluation of Quality of Life among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah
Published: June 2019

Evaluation of Quality of Life among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Urinary complications are prevalent among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and evaluating the usefulness of treatment requires a direct measurement of the health-related quality of life (QOL). Therefore, this study was carried out aiming to determine the QOL of patients with MS and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using multi-stage random cluster sampling method on 603 patients with MS who referred to the neurology clinic of Kashani and Alzahra treatment centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. The diagnosis of MS was approved among these patients based on the 2010 Revised McDonald Diagnostic Criteria by a neuroscientist. Data were collected through interviews using the questionnaire standard International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.050.
Results: The prevalence of LUTS among patients with MS was 84.2%, the prevalence rate of mixed, irritative, and obstructive urinary symptoms was 52.2%, 25.5%, and 6.5%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the combined dimensions of physical and mental health of QOL between the two groups with and without LUTS (P < 0.05). Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary tract problem among patients with MS and high EDSS score [0.67 (0.485-0.930), P = 0.02].
Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence rate of mixed LUTS among patients with MS and decrease in QOL, screening and attention to these symptoms are necessary in order to prevent secondary outcomes and improve QOL.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, urinary symptoms, quality of life
Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 gene and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhou Yanjie , Zhang Yu'e , Hu Weiguo , Wu Qiuhong , Chen Yongxing , Wang Xicheng , Zhao Hong , Liu Zhiyong , Cao Tingjie
Published: June 2019

Background

Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of heavy grain wheat showed big grain sink-potentials and strong sink activity, which was becoming an important objective during the breeding program. Rice OsGS3 gene has been identified as a major QTL for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 gene has not been characterized in wheat.

Results

Here we isolated 2445bp, 2393bp and 2409bp genomic sequences of TaGS3-4A, TaGS3-7A and TaGS3-7D genes in Changzhi 6406 with high grain weight value by homologous cloning. All TaGS3 gene showed five exon and four intron and encoding putative 170, 169 and 169 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that GS3 was a monocot-specific gene and all GS3 protein were split into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within class and nonconserved inter-class. An SNP at the fifth exon (position of 1907) of TaGS3-7A gene would lead to amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequency in two pools with different grain weight. Further association analysis indicated that TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population.

Conclusions

These results providing some useful variants and a functional marker for further marker assistant breeding.
Exploring undergraduate students achievement emotions during ward round simulation: A mixed method study
Authors: Behrens Claudia , DOLMANS DIANA H. , GORMLEY GERARD J. , Driessen Erik
Published: June 2019

Background

Simulation based learning (SBL) has increased in its use to best equip students for clinical practice. Simulations that mirror the complex realities of clinical practice have the potential to induce a range of emotions, without a clear understanding of their impact on learning and the learner. Students’ emotional states have important effects on their learning process that can be either positive or negative, and are often difficult to predict. We aimed to determine: (1) To what extent achievement emotions are experienced by medical students during a complex simulation based learning activity, i.e. a ward round simulation (WRS). (2) what their performance scores are and too which extent performance scores do correlate with emotions and 3) how these emotions are perceived to impact learning.

Methods

A mixed methods approach was used in this study. Using an Achievement Emotion Questionnaire, we explored undergraduate medical student’s emotions as they participated in a complex ward round-based simulation. Their performance was rated using an observational ward round assessment tool and correlated with emotions scores. Six focus groups were conducted to provide a deeper understanding of their emotional and learning experiences.

Results

Students experienced a range of emotions during the simulation, they felt proud, enjoyed the simulation and performed well. Students felt proud because they could show in the complex simulation what they had learned so far. Students reported moderate levels of anxiety and low levels of frustration and shame. We found non-significant correlations between achievement emotions and performance during ward round simulation.

Conclusions

Placing undergraduate students in high complex simulations that they can handle raises positive academic achievement emotions which seem to support students’ learning and motivation.
Novel mutations of POLR3A Gene caused hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type 7 (HLD7) in a Chinese family: a Case Report
Authors: Wu Shuiyan , Bai Zhenjiang , Dong Xingqiang , Yang Daoping , Chen Hongmei , Hua Jun , Zhou Libing , Lv Haitao
Published: June 2019

Background

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 7 (HLD7) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by childhood onset of progressive motor decline that manifests as spasticity, ataxia, tremor, and cerebellar symptoms, as well as mild cognitive regression and hypodontia. HLD7 belongs to the family of RNA polymerase III-related leukodystrophy, which are caused by biallelic mutations in the POLR3A or POLR3B gene.

Case presentation

In this study, we report a female child with HLD7 manifesting as cognitive decline, moderate dysarthria, intellectual disability, cerebellar syndrome, short stature, dysphagia, hypodontia, and aberrant brain imaging. Interestingly, polytrichia and bronchodysplasia were first observed in the HLD7 patient. Medical exome sequencing with high coverage depth was employed to identify potential genetic variants in the patient. Novel compound heterozygous mutations of the POLR3A gene, c.1771-6C>G and c.2611del (p.M871Cfs*8), were detected. One of them is an uncommon splice site mutation, and this is the first report of this mutation in a Chinese family. The father was determined to be a heterozygous carrier of the c.2611del (p.M871Cfs*8) mutation and the mother a heterozygous carrier of the c.1771-6C>G mutation.

Conclusion

The patient’s newly emerged clinical features and mutations provide useful information for further exploration of genotype-phenotype correlations of HLD7.
Factors predicting successful endoscopic balloon dilatation of esophageal strictures in children - a retrospective study
Authors: Dai Dongling , Liu Sixi , Yang Qinghua , Zhang Chenxi , Zou Yigui , Zhou Shaoming , Zheng Bingsheng , Wen Feiqiu
Published: June 2019

Background & Aims: Endoscopic balloon dilatation has become the first line treatment for benign esophageal strictures; It is important to know the factors predicting successful outcome to assist in selecting optimal protocol to obtain the best outcome and avoid as many complication as possible. This study aimed to assess the factors predicting outcome of endoscopic balloon dilatation treatment for esophageal stricture in children.
Methods: All the patients with benign esophageal stricture treated by endoscopic balloon dilatation from January 2010 to December 2014 were included. All procedures were performed under tracheal intubation and intravenous anesthesia using the 3rd grade controlled radial expansion balloon with the gastroscope. Outcomes were recorded and predictors for outcomes were analyzed.
Results: A total of 170 dilations were completed in 64 patients. The success rate was 96.9%. The rates of response, complication, and recurrence were 96.77%, 8.06%, and 3.33%, respectively. The number of dilatation sessions and complications were significant higher in patients with smaller diameter strictures (P = 0.013, 0.023), and in patients with multiple structures (P = 0.014, 0.004); more complication and recurrences were seen in patients with longer strictures (P = 0.001, 0.012). The longer the interval between surgery and first dilatation the more sessions and the poorer the response in the patients with anastomotic esophageal strictures (p = 0.017, 0.024).
Conclusions: The diameter, length and number of stricture were the most important risk factors for poor outcomes of endoscopic balloon dilatation treatment of esophageal stricture.
Gender Differences in Treatments and Interventions Received for Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Josenby Annika Lundkvist , Czuba Tomasz , Schmidt Ann I Alriksson
Published: June 2019

Background In the Swedish population-based follow-up program and national quality registry for individuals with cerebral palsy (CPUP), physiotherapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) treatments are regularly recorded along with functional status. By Swedish law, all citizens irrespective of personal characteristics or socioeconomic status have the right to receive medical treatments as applicable. Previous studies have shown gender differences in terms of certain treatments and interventions received among children with CP. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in PT and OT treatments and interventions by gender and place of birth in children and adolescents participating in CPUP.

Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Data from the latest PT form (n = 2695) and OT form (n = 3480) measures were extracted for individuals aged 0-17 years in CPUP. Logistic regressions were used to assess the relationships between the outcome variables and gender and place of birth (including an interaction term gender x place of birth), adjusted for age, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels and spasticity scores for PT interventions, and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for OT interventions.

Results are presented as odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] and p-values. Girls were more likely to have spinal braces than boys; 1.544 [1.073, 2.223] p<0.05, a significant interaction with place of birth indicated less spinal braces prescribed to children born outside Scandinavia; 0.204 [0.0792, 0.525] p<0.001. Boys were more likely to have undergone selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR); 0.485 [0.251, 0.939] p<0.05. Individuals born outside Scandinavia, were less likely to have received intrathecal baclofen (ITB) 0.269 [0.0737, 0.980] p<0.05.

Conclusions Of the treatments prescribed, gender differences were observed for spinal braces and having undergone SDR. A statistically significant difference based on place of birth was seen for spinal brace and having received ITB treatment. Other PT and OT treatments were associated with age, levels of spasticity, and functional severity classified with the Gross Motor Function Classification System and the Manual Ability Classification System. Increased awareness of differences based on gender and where a child is born, could be obtained by inter- and intraprofessional discussions.
Child Characteristics and Early Intervention Referral and Receipt of Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: McManus Beth , Richardson Zachary , Schenkman Margaret , Murphy Natalie , Everhart Rachel , Hambidge Simon , Morrato Elaine
Published: June 2019

Background

Early Intervention (EI) is a federally mandated, state-administered system of care for children with developmental delays and disabilities under the age of three. Gaps exist in the process of accessing EI through pediatric primary care, and low rates of EI access are well documented and disproportionately affect poor and minority children. The aims of this paper are to examine child characteristics associated with gaps in EI (1) referral, (2) access and (3) service use. To our knowledge, this is the first study to leverage linked safety net health system pediatric primary care and EI records data to follow EI-referred children longitudinally to understand EI service use gaps from EI referral to EI service utilization.

Methods

In a retrospective cohort design (14,710 children with developmental disability or delay), we linked pediatric primary care records between a large, integrated safety net health system in metro Denver and its corresponding EI program (2014-2016). Using adjusted marginal effects [ME, (95% CI)], we estimated gaps in EI referral, access, and service type (i.e., physical [PT], occupational [OT], speech therapy [ST] and developmental intervention [DI]). Analyses accounted for child characteristics including socio-demographics, diagnosis, condition severity, and baseline function.

Results

Only 18.7% of EI-eligible children (N=2,726) received a referral; 26% of those (N=722) received services for a net enrollment rate of 5% among EI-eligible children. Having the most severe developmental condition was positively associated with EI referral [ME=0.334 [0.249, 0.420]) and Individualized Family Services Plan (IFSP) receipt [ME=0.156 [0.088, 0.223]). Children less likely to be EI-referred were Black, non-Hispanic (BNH) [ME=-0.029 (-0.054, -0.004)] and had a diagnosed condition ([ME=-0.046 (-0.087, -0.005)]. Children with a diagnosis and those with higher income were more likely to receive PT or OT. Higher baseline cognitive and adaptive skills were associated with lower likelihood of PT [ME=-0.029 (-0.054, -0.004)], OT [ME=-0.029 (-0.054, -0.004)], and ST [ME=-0.029 (-0.054, -0.004)].

Conclusions

We identified and characterized gaps in EI referral, access, and service use in an urban safety-net population of children with high rates of developmental delay. Interventions are needed to improve integrated systems of care affecting primary care and EI processes and coordination.
A population-level examination of the magnitude of relationship between physical activity and academic achievement
Authors: Papasideris Mia , Leatherdale Scott , Battista Kate , Hall Peter A.
Published: June 2019

Background

Although physical activity has traditionally been thought to compete with academic activities in terms of academic performance outcomes, more recent studies have suggested that the brain health benefits of exercise could in theory compensate for this. However, to date no adequately powered prospective studies have attempted to reconcile these two competing possibilities. The objective of this study is to determine the direction and magnitude of the association between physical activity and academic performance in a large prospective sample of adolescents.

Methods

Linear regression mixed models with random intercepts and multinomial ordinal generalized estimating equations were employed to analyze the relationship between measures of physical activity and academic performance from the COMPASS study (N=9,898 linked participant data cases from year 2 (2013-2014) to year 4 (2015-2016)).

Results

The linear relationships between minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity and academic performance (English: r= -.047, p<.000; Math: r= -.026, p=0.008) as well as meeting the national physical activity guidelines and academics performance (English: est =-0.052, p=.004; Math: est = -0.052, p=.028) were negative and trivial in magnitude. Organized sport participation showed slight positive associations with academic performance, but these were also of trivial magnitude.

Conclusions

Physical activity does not predict academic achievement prospectively in this population sample; findings suggest no net cost or clear benefit in relation to academic performance. Advocacy for physical activity programming for adolescent populations may best be undertaken with reference to lack of net academic performance cost, rather than presence of benefit.
Shared Data Science Infrastructure for Genomics Data
Authors: Bagheri Hamid , Muppirala Usha , Masonbrink Rick , Severin Andrew J , Rajan Hridesh
Published: June 2019

Background: Creating a scalable computational infrastructure to analyze the wealth of information contained in data repositories is difficult due to significant barriers in organizing, extracting and analyzing relevant data. Shared data science infrastructures like Boa_g is needed to efficiently process and parse data contained in large data repositories. The main features of Boa_g are inspired from existing languages for data intensive computing and can easily integrate data from biological data repositories.

Results: As a proof of concept, Boa for genomics, Boa_g, has been implemented to analyze RefSeq’s 153,848 annotation (GFF) and assembly (FASTA) file metadata. Boa_g provides a massive improvement from existing solutions like Python and MongoDB, by utilizing a domain-specific language that uses Hadoop infrastructure for a smaller storage footprint that scales well and requires fewer lines of code. We execute scripts through Boa_g to answer questions about the genomes in RefSeq. We identify the largest and smallest genomes deposited, explore exon frequencies for assemblies after 2016, identify the most commonly used bacterial genome assembly program, and address how animal genome assemblies have improved since 2016. Boa_g databases provide a significant reduction in required storage of the raw data and a significant speed up in its ability to query large datasets due to automated parallelization and distribution of Hadoop infrastructure during computations.

Conclusions: In order to keep pace with our ability to produce biological data, innovative methods are required. The Shared Data Science Infrastructure, Boa_g, provides researchers a greater access to researchers to efficiently explore data in new ways. We demonstrate the potential of a the domain specific language Boa_g using the RefSeq database to explore how deposited genome assemblies and annotations are changing over time. This is a small example of how Boa_g could be used with large biological datasets.
Prospective study of vitrectomy for epiretinal membranes in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity
Authors: Nakashizuka Hiroyuki , Kitagawa Yorihisa , Wakatsuki Yu , Tanaka Koji , Furuya Koichi , Hattori Takayuki , Mori Ryusaburo , Shimada Hiroyuki
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of epiretinal membrane removal in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for improving visual function and quality of life (QOL).
Methods: This prospective case study compared 37 subjects with preoperative BCVA≦logMAR0.046 (Good group) to 35 patients with logMAR BCVA 0.52–0.10 (Moderate group) at 3 and 6 months. Linear mixed-effect models were used for statistical analysis. The primary outcome was the horizontal metamorphopsia score (MH) at 6 months postoperatively (post-6 M), while secondary outcomes were postoperative BCVA, vertical metamorphopsia score (MV), aniseikonia, stereopsis and central foveal thickness. In the Good group, QOL was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) at 6 and 12 months.
Results: MH was significantly improved at post-3 M and post-6 M in the both groups but there were no significant differences between the two groups. MV showed no improvement at the final observation in either group. LogMAR BCVA was significantly improved at post-6 M in the Good group, which had significantly better vision than the Moderate group. Preoperative vertical and horizontal aniseikonia scores remained unchanged in the Good group at post-6 M but worsened in the Moderate group. The NEI VFQ-25 score improved in the Good group, reflecting improved general health, general vision, and mental health.
Conclusions: Early epiretinal surgery was effective for MH, BCVA, aniseikonia, and QOL.
Thermodynamic limit of the two-spinon form factors for the zero field XXX chain
Authors: Kitanine Nikolai , Kulkarni Giridhar V.
Published: June 2019

In this paper we propose a method based on the algebraic Bethe ansatz
leading to explicit results for the form factors of quantum spin chains
in the thermodynamic limit. Starting from the determinant
representations we retrieve in particular the formula for the two-spinon
form factors for the isotropic XXX Heisenberg chain obtained initially
in the framework of the q-vertex
operator approach.
Production of bioethanol from Robusta coffee pulp (Coffea robusta L.) in Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Do Viet , Tan Quoc Le Pham , Van Tan Pham , Doan Duy Le Nguyen
Published: June 2019

Coffee pulp is the first waste product obtained during the wet processing of coffee beans. Coffee pulp makes up nearly 40% of the total weight of the coffee cherry. Coffee pulp contains 25.88% of cellulose, 3.6% of hemicel- luloses, and 20.07% of lignin. Coffee pulp is considered as an ideal substrate of lignocellulose biomass for micro- bial fermentation to produce such value-added products as ethanol. In this study, we used alkaline pre-treatment of the coffee pulp with NaOH (0.2 g/g biomass) in a microwave system at 120°C during 20 min. This method gave the best results: 71.25% of cellulose remained, and 46.11% of hemicellulose and 76.63% of lignin were removed. After that, the pre-treated biomass was hydrolyzed by Viscozyme Cassava C (enzyme loading was 19.27 FPU/g) at 50°C for 72 hours. The results showed that the highest reducing sugars and glucose concentration after hydrolysis were 38.21 g/l and 30.36 g/l, respectively. Then, the hydrolysis solution was fermented by S. cerevisiae (3.108 cells/ml) at 30°C for 72 hours. The highest concentration of ethanol obtained was 11.28 g/l. The result illustrated that, available and non- edible as it is, coffee pulp could be a potential feedstock for bioethanol production in Vietnam.
Changes in physico-chemical properties of milk under ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Kharitonov Vladimir , Sherstneva Natalia , Kharitonov Dmitriy , Yurova Elena , Kurchenko Vladimir
Published: June 2019

The use of ultraviolet radiation in the treatment of milk and other liquid foods is a very promising field of study since it reduces their bacterial load. It is rarely used to increase the vitamin D content and modify the protein and fatty acid composition of milk. The paper describes how different parameters of ultraviolet radiation influence such characteristics of raw and pasteurized milk as the mass fraction of total protein, nonprotein nitrogen content, active and titratable acidity, general bacterial load (QMA&OAMO), fatty acid composition, and vitamin D content. Low-pressure gas-discharge lamps were used to treat a 400 µm moving layer of milk with ultraviolet radiation. The radiation time, its doses, and the milk flow rate changed in the ranges of 5–25 min, 5.1–102 mJ/cm2, and 0.04453- 0.13359 m3/s, respectively. We identified optimal radiation ranges that lead to both a lower microorganism content and a higher vitamin D content. Our study also determined specific correlations in the mutual changes of the given parameters. The treatment ranges did not produce any significant changes in other physico-chemical properties of milk. We also found that vitamin D was synthesized in raw and pasteurized milk in a similar way. Moreover, there was an insignificant decrease in the vitamin D content in milk treated with ultraviolet radiation during storage for up to 48 hours. On the whole, the results indicate that the treatment of milk with ultraviolet radiation in the dosage range from 5.1 to 102 mJ/cm2 has a complex effect on the total bacterial load (QMA&OAMO) and vitamin D content,

whereas it has almost no effect on the protein and fatty acid composition.