bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
浅谈建筑设计中节能建筑设计探讨
Authors: 刘 兴恒
Published: April 2017

本文对节能建筑的含义以及建筑设计中节能设计的原则进行了论述，并提出了节能建筑设计中的具体措施，以供大家交流探讨。
建筑智能化在医院建设中的应用
Authors: 李 焰
Published: April 2017

新时代的发展对于医院提出了新的要求，其需要医院在保证其原有职能的作用下，不断提升其智能化，通过建筑智能化的构建，提升医院智能化的建设水平，让医患关系更加和谐，让病患人员能够获得更加人性化的感受。基于此，首先对智能化医院的概念进行了分析研究，并就建筑智能化在医院建设中的应用进行了分析，以供参考。
公路工程造价管理之我见
Authors: 王 衍学
Published: April 2017

本文作者结合实际工作经验，对公路工程造价管理工作进行了分析探讨，提出了自己的见解。
对城市配电网规划的一点探究
Authors: 聂 涛
Published: April 2017

在城市建设过程中，其配电网规划程度的高低直接关系着城市供电的可靠性以及供电的能力，为了确保供电的质量，促使电网提供更为大众且全面的服务，下面文章就城市配电网的规划进行研究和分析，基于笔者多年的工作经验，提出一些自己的看法与建议。
浅析继电保护技术
Authors: 胡 连贵
Published: April 2017

在科技高速发展的现代社会，电力已跃居为当今社会的主要能源，直接影响着国民经济的发展和人民生活水平。当代电力系统是一个由电能产生、输送、分配和用电环节组成的大系统。电力系统的飞速发展迫使继电保护技术不断提升。怎样合理的应用继电保护技术来减少电气故障，是提高电力系统的运行效率和质量的关键技术。
浅析供电企业工会管理存在的问题及其措施
Authors: 薄 海旺
Published: April 2017

工会管理是供电企业管理中的一项重要组成部分，加强工会的规范化管理，有利于供电企业的和谐发展与稳定。本文简述了加强供电企业工会管理的作用，对供电企业工会管理中存在的问题及其措施进行了探讨分析。
小流域水土保持植物措施对位配置研究
Authors: 贾 丽娜
Published: April 2017

现阶段我国小流域水土保持植物措施的设计与实施并不理想，大部分项目中，可以利用的植物资源非常有限，并且植物配置形式过于单一，造成植被比较容易退化，进而综合效益非常低，因此小流域水土保持植物方法对位配置的研究是非常重要的。本文主要通过对水土保持植物方法对位配置的理念与实践根源分析，总结出小流域水土保持植物方法对位配置的根本理论和方法。
浅析环境保护问题的原因及其措施
Authors: 贾 玉鹏
Published: April 2017

当前环境问题已经成为了人们广泛关注的问题之一。环境问题给人们的生活以及工作带来了很大的影响。环境是人类生存和发展的基本条件，关系到社会和经济的持续发展。环境保护是一项惠及子孙的伟大工程，搞好环境保护是社会经济健康持续发展的必要条件。本文对当前我国环境保护存在的问题以及环境保护问题的原因进行了探讨分析，并提出了现阶段加强环境保护的措施，以供借鉴参考。
浅析园林管理的几个思路
Authors: 赵 海霞
Published: April 2017

由于园林工程有多项内容，在施工过程中往往由多个施工单位建造，因此，若在施工组织、施工配合、成本控制上出现问题则会影响施工进度，拖延工期，影响工程质量。因此，施工管理中应注意以下几方面问题。
水利工程中的不良地基处理技术和应用
Authors: 陈 文夫
Published: April 2017

随着水利工程项目不断增加，其施工所面临的地基问题越发突出。不良地基基础处理质量直接影响着水利工程施工安全性与运行效益。为实现水利工程建筑质量，确保水利水电运行安全性与可靠性，要求对不良地基进行有效处理。
简析GPS定位测量新技术在工程测量中的应用
Authors: 邓 建宁
Published: April 2017

工程测量作为工程建设中的关键技术,影响着整个工程建设的质量。GPS技术是美国研制开发的卫星定位系统，GPS系统有着全球性、全天候和连续性的定位功能，能够为用户提供精密的坐标。GPS技术为全球信息化的发展提供了有力的技术支持，特别是在工程测绘领域，GPS定位测量新技术更是发挥了重要作用。 本文阐述了GPS定位测量新技术的工作原理及其在工程测量应用中的特征，对GPS定位测量新技术在工程测量中的具体应用及重要作用进行了分析。
园林工程施工管理之浅析
Authors: 滕 彩娟 , 黄 玲琍 , 周 艳平 , 吴 旭芸
Published: April 2017

随着我国经济的快速发展，人们越来越注重生活环境的提高，提出了很多关于环保的理念，例如低碳、绿色生态等。为了丰富人们的生活，我可以在城市中建造风景园林，为了提高风景园林的工程质量，我们必须严格的对待工程建设中的施工管理，特别是施工现场的管理。
关于电力系统自动化的分析
Authors: 曾 平
Published: April 2017

本文阐述了电力调度自动化的工作原理和基本功能，介绍了电力系统调度自动化的开放性，对电力系统自动化进行了分析探讨，供大家参考。
建筑施工组织设计方法的改革
Authors: 徐 响玉
Published: April 2017

本文主要阐述了在建筑发展中，适应建筑市场和新型施工管理体制的需要，对我国现在的建筑施工组织设计的方法进行了改革，供同行鉴赏。
关于电力调度自动化监控报警系统的探讨
Authors: 李 烽
Published: April 2017

本文通过分析目前电力系统调度自动化过程中存在的问题，提出了设置三个层次电力调度自动化监控报警系统的基本原则，文章最后又提出了发展智能监控报警系统发展的必要性以及一些综合监控系统的总体设想。
党群工作视野下提升电力企业综合竞争力的思考
Authors: 柴 仁勇
Published: April 2017

电力事业不断发展，电力企业改革不断深化，电力企业的政治工作面临着新的挑战，员工的思想也会相应的发生变化，对电力企业的改革造成影响。加强电力企业党群活动，创先争优，做好员工的思想政治工作，提高电力企业的综合竞争力。
浅析电力调度自动化应用
Authors: 祝 海生
Published: April 2017

本文作者就自动化技术在店里调度中的应用进行了分析介绍，供同行参考。
电力系统经济运行分析及措施分析
Authors: 罗 剑波
Published: April 2017

众所周知，电力行业直接关系着国计民生。提高电力系统经济运行管理水平是电力系统运行质量的关键。本人结合多年在电力系统经济运行工作中积累的经验，分析了目前电力系统经济运行的现状。针对其运行特点，简单的谈了一些自己的看法，并且提出了一些改善电力系统经济运行水平的防范措施，为今后电力电力系统高效可靠的电能质量取得有效的保障。
钢管混凝土拱桥施工监控浅探
Authors: 黄 少群
Published: April 2017

钢管混凝土拱桥具有较强的承载力，其自重轻，造型美观，施工较为便捷，都让其在应用中呈现出诸多优点。正是因为其优点所在，钢管混凝土拱桥施工优化措施就显得非常重要，做好相应施工监控，才能够让其予以更好的特点展现，才能够让其在搭建过程中保证其质量和效率的可靠性。基于此，本文结合贵港市环城公路东环郁江特大桥项目对钢管混凝土拱桥施工监控进行分析，以供参考。
浅析电力企业人力资源管理工作
Authors: 龚 伟
Published: April 2017

本文作者对电力企业人力资源管理存在的问题进行了分析，并提出了加强电力企业人力资源管理的建议。
探析配网电力工程技术的可靠性
Authors: 龚 文
Published: April 2017

随着我国经济的飞速发展，各领域中的建设要求也日趋完善，对各种资源的需要量也逐步增大，其中用电需求越来越多，电力工程技术不断提高.因此提高电网的可靠性，确保配网工程能够按照预定的计划展开，保证电网的安全有效运行，加强电力工程技术的可靠性，也成为了一项非常重要的工作。文章中阐述了配网系统技术特点，探讨分析了电力配网的现状和配网可靠性管理，提出了提高配电系统可靠性的技术措施，以供参考。
越南富叻风电场EPC总承包项目土木工程施工质量控制
Authors: 吴 政 , 郝 敏 , 陈 靖 , 李 涛 , 付 小波
Published: April 2017

介绍了越南风电场项目土木工程的主要内容包括管理体系文件的建立、EPC总承包商在风电场土建施工质量控制特别是尤为重要的风机基础施工质量控制方面所做的主要工作等，探讨了厂家锚笼的产品在设计方面待完善之处，总结了EPC总承包商在国外风电场工程中起到的主要的作用。
浅谈建筑工程管理
Authors: 周 艳平 , 滕 彩娟 , 黄 玲琍 , 吴 旭芸
Published: April 2017

在现代化的全面建设下，各地区都兴建了大量的建筑工程，同时各大企业也将建筑工程管理进行了深入的研究，其目的在于提升建筑工程管理的水平，降低建设中不必要的开支，保障建筑工程的质量。但是从目前的建设现状来看，依然存在些许的不足，需要相关的工作人员不断的进行改进。
探析市政燃气工程建设施工的安全管理
Authors: 王 海波 , 徐 永富 , 李 辰航
Published: April 2017

燃气工程建设发展关系着人们日常生活的便捷性，并且燃气能源使用方便无污染，如果市政燃气工程出现爆炸等事件将会严重影响人们的安全，因此必须加强市政燃气工程建设施工的安全管理。本文阐述了市政燃气工程建设施工的要求，对市政燃气工程施工安全管理存在的主要问题及其策略进行了探讨分析。
Accumulation of Content Validation Evidence for the Critical Thinking Self-Assessment Scale
Authors: Nair Girija Gopinathan , Hellsten Laurie-Ann M. , Stamler Lynnette Leeseberg
Published: April 2017

Background/Purpose: Critical thinking skills (CTS) are essential for nurses; assessing students’ acquisition of these skills is a mandate of nursing curricula. This study aimed to develop a self-assessment instrument of critical thinking skills (Critical Thinking Self-Assessment Scale [CTSAS]) for students’ self-monitoring. Methods: An initial pool of 196 items across 6 core cognitive skills and 16 subskills were generated using the American Philosophical Association definition of CTS. Experts’ content review of the items and their ratings provided evidence of content relevance using the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and Aiken’s content validity coefficient (VIk). Results: 115 items were retained (range of I-CVI values = .70 to .94 and range of VIkvalues = .69–.95; significant atp< .05). Conclusion: The CTSAS is the first CTS instrument designed specifically for self-assessment purposes.
Reliability and Validity of the Self-Efficacy for Exercise in Epilepsy and the Outcome Expectations for Exercise in Epilepsy Scales
Authors: Dustin Irene , Resnick Barbara , Galik Elizabeth , Klinedinst N. Jennifer , Michael Kathleen , Wiggs Edythe
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the revised Self-Efficacy for Exercise With Epilepsy (SEE-E) and Outcome Expectations for Exercise with Epilepsy (OEE-E) when used with people with epilepsy. Methods: The SEE-E and OEE-E were given in face-to-face interviews to 26 persons with epilepsy in an epilepsy clinic. Results: There was some evidence of validity based on Rasch analysis INFIT and OUTFIT statistics. There was some evidence of reliability for the SEE-E and OEE-E based on person and item separation reliability indexes. Conclusions: These measures can be used to identify persons with epilepsy who have low self-efficacy and outcome expectations for exercise and guide design of interventions to strengthen these expectations and thereby improve exercise behavior.
Psychometric Testing of the Pap Smear Belief Questionnaire: Measuring Women’s Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Ackerson Kelly , Doane Lisa Stines
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose: Some women avoid routine Pap testing because of negative attitudes and beliefs. The ability to measure these factors is limited by lack of valid and reliable tools. Therefore, this article describes steps taken to test a measure. Methods: Validity and reliability testing of psychometric scales was conducted. Results: Sample consisted of 344 women. Using principal component analysis resulted in 4 components: Exam-Related Factors, Benefits, Vulnerability, and Risks and Barriers. Revised scale included 28 items explaining 46% variance, with good internal consistency (α = .84). Women who did not routinely screen exhibited significantly more negativity. Conclusions: The measure demonstrates validity and reliability across different groups of women and can be used to inform the design of individualized interventions to promote repeat screening.
Definitions of health and disease among physicians and Społem PSS employees
Authors: Domaradzki Jan , Kordel Piotr
Published: April 2017

Aim. Definitions of health and disease play an important role in the organization and functioning of a health care system. The meanings attached to both phenomena also shape individual’s health behaviours and may be more important for their understanding that one’s social status. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine how the educational status and kind of work influence the concepts of health and disease. It also aimed to determine what criteria do physicians and Społem PSS employees use while talking about health and disease and whether lay concepts of health differ from their professional counterparts.Material and Methods. The research was carried out between May and August 2013 among one hundred physicians and one hundred Społem PSS employees. Thus, the results refer to people who are professionally active. Respondents were questioned via a structured questionnaire which contained questions on their self-definitions of health and disease and the criteria of their evaluation.Results. The research has revealed important differences in definitions of health and disease between physicians and clerks from Społem PSS. While physicians used a medical criterion to define health more often, Społem PSS employees defined it according to mixed and subjective criteria. As for disease, while respondents from both groups defined it mainly in medical criteria, all Społem PSS employees described it in pathological terms; physicians, however, defined it mainly as an abstract lack of well-being. On the other hand, many respondents understood both phenomena as multidimensional which proves that both terms contain many contradicting meanings and are difficult to articulate. Also among physicians, high tendency to overmedicalization of many phenomena was observed.Conclusions. It has been proven that educational status and kind of work influence the way people understand health and disease. Thus, this research may be useful for health education and in planning health promotion and preventive actions.
Quality of life patients after surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer
Authors: Bączyk Grażyna , Kwapisz Urszula , Karpińska Katarzyna
Published: April 2017

Introduction. The assessment of the quality of life in cancer patients requires a multidisciplinary approach and an evaluation of emotional, social and physical conditions. Objectives. The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of life patients after surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer but before the next stage of therapy, i.e. radiotherapy.Material and Methods. The study group comprised 60 patients aged 44–82 years, with laryngeal cancer treated at the Radiotherapy Wards of Wielkopolskie Centrum Onkologii, Poznań, Poland. The Polish versions of the QLQ C-30 and the cancer-specific EORTC QLQ H&N35 questionnaires were used.Results. Mean score for the general health status (QLQ C-30) was 56.81. Mean values for the physical, role, cognitive, social and emotional functioning were 81.11, 80.83, 75.28, 70.00 and 54.72, respectively. The following constituted the main problems for laryngectomees: difficulty gaining weight (75.00), necessity to take nutritional supplements (58.33), sense of smell and taste problems (57.78), weight loss (56.67), articulation problems (56.67). A statistically significant difference (p = 0.002) was observed with regard to emotional functioning, with mean values of 28.83 and 60.51 for women and men, respectively. Also, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) was observed with regard to social functioning, with mean values of 45.53 and 75.51 for women and men, respectively. Conclusions. There exists a definite need to investigate the quality of life by means of patient self-evaluation of the symptoms in order to monitor patient status and establish an individual therapeutic, care and psychological approach.
Risks of nutritional supplements consumption by pregnant women
Authors: Niznik Bartłomiej , Regulski Miłosz , Regulska Katarzyna , Stanisz Beata J.
Published: April 2017

During pregnancy the demand for nutrients, energy, vitamins and minerals increases. The diet used during pregnancy and before conception should provide the best conditions for the development of young, but often it is insufficient to cover the demands for both a pregnant woman and the fetus. Therefore pregnant woman, in the case of nutritional deficiencies and inability to cover them as the part of the daily diet, is often obliged to supplement the nutrition that she and the baby need. Moreover, the deficit of the nutritional elements during this period may increase the risk of various types of disorders complicating the pregnancy and affecting the development and the health of the baby. The working scheme of medicines may be changed due to nutritional supplements through the increase of their excretion, decrease in their absorption and/or disruption of metabolism. Many adverse events can occur due to the simultaneous application of both nutrition supplements and medicinal products. Therefore, the decision of including a supplementary diet should be made very carefully and individually for every patient. The use of nutrition supplements for expectant mothers should always be consulted with a physician or a pharmacist.
Sustained Reduction in HIV Diagnoses in Massachusetts, 2000–2014
Authors: Cranston Kevin , John Betsey , Fukuda H. Dawn , Randall Liisa M. , Mermin Jonathan , Mayer Kenneth H. , DeMaria Alfred
Published: April 2017

Objectives. To describe secular trends in reported HIV diagnoses in Massachusetts concurrent with treatment access expansion.

Methods. We characterized cases of HIV infection reported to the Massachusetts HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program between 2000 and 2014 by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and exposure mode. We used Poisson regression to test the statistical significance of trends in diagnoses.

Results. Between 2000 and 2014, annual new HIV infections diagnosed in Massachusetts decreased by 47% (P < .001 for trend). We observed significant reductions in diagnoses among women (58% when comparing 2000 with 2014), men (42%), Whites (54%), Blacks (51%), and Hispanics (35%; P < .001 for trend). New diagnoses decreased significantly among men who have sex with men (19%), persons who inject drugs (91%), and heterosexuals (86%; P < .001 for trend). We saw statistically significant downward trends among all men by race/ethnicity, but the trend among Black men who have sex with men was nonsignificant.

Conclusions. Sustained reduction in new HIV diagnoses was concurrent with Massachusetts’s Medicaid expansion, state health care reform, and public health strategies to improve care access. A contributory effect of expanded HIV treatment and population-level viral suppression is hypothesized for future research.
Enhanced treatment of secondary municipal wastewater effluent: comparing (biological) filtration and ozonation in view of micropollutant removal, unselective effluent toxicity, and the potential for real-time control
Authors: Chys Michael , Demeestere Kristof , Ingabire Ange Sabine , Dries Jan , Van Langenhove Herman , Van Hulle Stijn W. H.
Published: April 2017

Ozonation and three (biological) filtration techniques (trickling filtration (TF), slow sand filtration (SSF) and biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration) have been evaluated in different combinations as tertiary treatment for municipal wastewater effluent. The removal of 18 multi-class pharmaceuticals, as model trace organic contaminants (TrOCs), has been studied. (Biological) activated carbon filtration could reduce the amount of TrOCs significantly (>99%) but is cost-intensive for full-scale applications. Filtration techniques mainly depending on biodegradation mechanisms (TF and SSF) are found to be inefficient for TrOCs removal as a stand alone technique. Ozonation resulted in 90% removal of the total amount of quantified TrOCs, but a post-ozonation step is needed to cope with an increased unselective toxicity. SSF following ozonation showed to be the only technique able to reduce the unselective toxicity to the same level as before ozonation. In view of process control, innovative correlation models developed for the monitoring and control of TrOC removal during ozonation, are verified for their applicability during ozonation in combination with TF, SSF or BAC. Particularly for the poorly ozone reactive TrOCs, statistically significant models were obtained that correlate TrOC removal and reduction in UVA254 as an online measured surrogate parameter.
KNOWLEDGE CITIES: EXAMINING THE DISCOURSE SMART VILLAGES, INTERNET CITIES OR CREATIVITY ENGINES
Authors: A. Alraout Ali
Published: April 2017

The world's growing cities are a critical fact of the 21st Century, and represent one of the greatest challenges to the future. By the year 2050 cities with populations over three million will be more than double; from 70 today to over 150. When knowledge is perhaps the most important factor in the future of city's economy, there is a growing interest in the concept of the "knowledge city". An acceptable definition of knowledge city might be it is not just a regular city. It is a growing space of exchange and optimism in which each and everyone can devote himself to personal and collective projects and aspirations in a climate of dynamism, hannony, and creativity. A world examination of the status of Knowledge Cities will reveal a tangible development in collective efforts of declaring and developing such cities around the globe. On the contrary, Arab cities are building technological isolated projects thinking that they are promoting the same concept. An examination of projects like Egypt' Smart Village and Dubai's Internet City and Knowledge Village will be helpful in evaluating the knowledge status of contemporary Arab Cities.The purpose of this paper is to explore the knowledge city concept in depth. It will discuss the principles of a knowledge city, and portrays its distinguishing characteristics and processes. I'll argue in this paper that the concept of 'Knowledge Cities' is rooted in the urban, cultural structure of traditional Arab cities. Therefore an attempt to foster this concept in today's Arab cities would not be possible by building isolated technologicalstatement scattered around the city. Alternatively, the rise of the network society, global networks, linked cities and existence of smart communities should construct the basis for shaping Arab Knowledge Cities.In addition, the paper will introduce the concept of Urban Creativity Engines , and examples of various types will be presented. I II argue that this is a more comprehensive concept for constructing and evaluating knowledge cities. Although this concept and its terminology is new, the paper will prove that there are many historical examples, regionally and internationally, of knowledge cities and Innovation/Creativity Engines. A focus on the traditional built environment of the Middle Eastern cities will be included to examine the main hypothesis of the paper.
A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF A MODEL ON THE DECISION TO IMPLEMENT TELEWORKING IN THE JAPANESE BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Kadar Hamsa Abdul Azeez , Miura Masao
Published: April 2017

Teleworking, an alternative form of work arrangement, has gained very little significance in the present information era, as otherwise expected, in modem Japan. Existence of many factors would be directly responsible for the slow growth of teleworking in Japan. This paper highlights few significant factors responsible for the decision to accept teleworking as an alternate work arrangement as expressed by the managers of different business organizations in the Greater Tokyo Metropolitan Area (GTMA). These factors include but not limited to: organizational values, advantages of teleworking, performance evaluation, strategically measures and information technology requirements. A logistic regression model was developed to test the significance of these factors against the decision to implement teleworking. Finally, conclusions were also drawn.
AN INTEGRATION OF MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS WITH GIS IN THE MALAYSIAN NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN
Authors: Kassim Nor Sallehi , Islam Rafikul
Published: April 2017

Plan preparation process has evolved from the usage of traditional approaches of brainstorming to an advanced application of sophisticated analytical techniques coupled with powerful decision support software systems. The rationale of applying analytical techniques is to ensure that the analysis is thorough and logical and minimize the uncertainties in the decisions made. The National Physical Plan (NPP) of Malaysia is prepared on the basis of the Town and Country Planning Act 1976 (Al 129). It contains a written statement that pertains to formulation of strategic policies in determining the general directions and trends of the physical development of the country. The NPP is needed to strengthen the existing national planning system so that it is 1nore systematic, effective, and efficient. The NPP also coordinates the country's various planning agencies and authorities at the national, state and local levels and acts as the basis for preparation of lower tier physical development plans, e.g., structure and local plans. The present paper presents a case study on the NPP using a combined application of GIS and a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique. While GIS has provided its capability in data storage, retrieval and analysis of data, MCDM technique has reflected its capability as the tool for aggregating the geographical data and decision maker's preferences. It is expected that the study will stimulate further applications in various planning activities in Malaysia.
Multimorbidity Clusters: Clustering Binary Data From Multimorbidity Clusters: Clustering Binary Data From a Large Administrative Medical Database
Authors: Cornell John E. , Pugh Jacqueline A. , Williams, Jr John W. , Kazis Lewis , Lee Austin F.S. , Parchman Michael L. , Zeber John , Pederson Thomas , Montgomery Kelly A. , Hitchcock Noël Polly
Published: April 2017

Our purpose in this article is to describe and illustrate the application of cluster analysis to identify clinically relevant multimorbidity groups. Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of 2 or more illnesses within a single person, which raises the question whether consistent, clinically useful multimorbidity groups exist among sets of chronic illnesses. Our purpose in this article is to describe and illustrate the application of cluster analysis to identify clinically relevant multimorbidity groups. Application of cluster analysis involves a sequence of critical methodological and analytic decisions that influence the quality and meaning of the clusters produced. We illustrate the application of cluster analysis to identify multimorbidity clusters in a set of 45 chronic illnesses in primary care patients (N = 1,327,328), with 2 or more chronic conditions, served by the Veterans Health Administration. Six clinically useful multimorbidity clusters were identified: a Metabolic Cluster, an Obesity Cluster, a Liver Cluster, a Neurovascular Cluster, a Stress Cluster and a Dual Diagnosis Cluster. Cluster analysis appears to be a useful technique for identifying multiple disease clusters and patterns of multimorbidity.
Three-way Hierarchical Classes: A Comparison of the Indclas and Tucker3-Hiclas Models
Authors: Leenen Iwin , Ceulemans Eva
Published: April 2017

Hierarchical classes (HICLAS) models for multi-way multi-mode data constitute a unique family of classification models in that (a) they simultaneously induce a hierarchical classification (of the elements) of each mode and (b) they link the hierarchical classifications together by an association relation that yieldsa predicted (or reconstructed) value for each cell in the data array. For the case of three-way three-mode binary data, the most prominent HICLAS models include INDCLAS and Tucker3-HICLAS. In this paper, we compare the latter two models, introducing the underlying theory of both in substantive terms and showing how a Tucker3-HICLAS analysis may result in a simpler model than that yielded by INDCLAS, although the former is mathematically more complex than the latter (which it includes as a special case). We illustrate by two applications: astudy on anger responses in frustrating situations and a case-study on emotions in interpersonal relations.
Analyzing Structural Relations in Multivariate Dyadic Binary Data
Authors: González Jorge , Tuerlinckx Francis , De Boeck Paul
Published: April 2017

In social network studies, most often only a single relation (or link) between the actors is investigated. When more than one link has been recorded, the two-way sociomatrix becomes a three-way array with the set of links being the third way. In this paper, we present a model which simultaneously accounts for the three ways in the data. Random effects are used to model the between-actor variability, both on senders and receivers side. In addition, structural relations between the linking variables are investigated. The model is applied to a study of popularity and strength in a class of students. It is shown that popularity can be seen as a linear function of strength on the receivers’ side, but not on the senders’ side.
The Effects Of Estimator Choice And Weighting Strategies On Confirmatory Factor Analysis With Stratified Samples
Authors: Brummel Bradley J. , Drasgow Fritz
Published: April 2017

Survey researchers often design stratified sampling strategies to target specific subpopulations within the larger population. This stratification can influence the population parameter estimates from these samples because they are not simple random samples of the population. There are three typical estimation options that account for the effects of this stratification in latent variable models: unweighted maximum likelihood, weighted maximum likelihood, and pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation. This paper examines the effects of these procedures on parameter estimates, standard errors, and fit statistics in Lisrel 8.7 (Jöreskog & Sörbom, 2004) and Mplus 3.0 (Muthén & Muthén, 2004). Options using several estimation methods will be compared to pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation. Results indicated the choice of estimation technique does not have a substantial effect on confirmatory factor analysis parameter estimates in large samples. However, standard errors of those parameter estimates and RMSEA values for assessing of model fit can be substantially affected by estimation technique.
An Item Response Theory Analysis Of The Self-Monitoring Scale
Authors: Burkley Edward
Published: April 2017

The Self-Monitoring Scale (SMS) was investigated utilizing item response theory (IRT). First, IRT models that constrained each of the subscale items to have equal discrimination were fitted to the three subscales of the SMS (Acting, Extraversion, and Other-Directedness). These models were then contrasted with separate models that allowed the discriminations to be estimated freely. For all three subscales, model comparison tests of significance indicated that the unconstrained models were a better fit. Thus, the items of each subscale are differentially related to their respective underlying construct. Implications and recommendations are offered for future psychometric development and implementation of the SMS.
An Interpersonal Circumplex/Five-Factor Model Analysis Of The Eating Disorders Inventory-3
Authors: Brooklings Jeffrey B. , Beilstein Corey D.
Published: April 2017

A combined interpersonal circumplex/five-factor model approach was used to investigate personality correlates of Eating Disorders Inventory-3 (EDI-3; Garner, 2004) scales for a non-clinical sample of 234 college women. EDI-3 non-symptom scales and composites had appreciable loadings in the two-dimensional interpersonal circumplex space, with angular locations ranging mainly from Cold (180°) to Submissive (270°). In the five-factor analyses, Neuroticism made significant positive contributions to all of the EDI-3 scales and composites; Conscientiousness made contributions (all negative, save one) to 11 of the 18 scales. The results affirm the centrality of negative affect (i.e., Neuroticism) in disordered eating, but highlight also the importance of assessing interpersonal deficits, which in previous studies have been associated both with the etiology of eating-related problems and increased risk of dropout from treatment. Finally, collapsing or “weighting” EDI-3 item scores may compromise unnecessarily the psychometric properties of the scales—particularly in non-clinical populations—and we recommend derivation of additional EDI-3 norms, based on unweighted item scores.
Teacher Candidates’ Involvement with Reading Interventions in High Needs Schools: Wrestling with the Everyday
Authors: Sider Steve , Belcher Christina
Published: April 2017

The demands on new teachers as they enter the teaching profession are extensive and deep-rooted. This article provides insight into how faculty within a teacher education program in Ontario, Canada considered one service program emphasis and how it shed light into the everyday world of teacher candidates as they wrestled with the everyday activity of trying to support struggling readers. We identify this process of forging relationships and developing professional skills as we examine the experiences and reflections of teacher candidates as they journey through their involvement with the program. As such, we take Dorothy Smith’s (2005) perspective that the everyday world is problematic. Those things which we take for granted, and assume to be obvious, or have been assumed by reading research to be normative, are not necessarily so.
Differential Enunciation, Mainstream Language and the Education of Immigrant Minority Students: Implications for Policy and Practice
Authors: Egbo Benedicta
Published: April 2017

This article is intended to guide policy and practice that are geared towards improving the education of immigrant minority students whose ever growing presence in Canadian schools (and indeed, much of the Western world) will only increase in the foreseeable future. Drawing on existing literature, the paper addresses the difficulties and prejudices faced by immigrant minority students who speak standard varieties of mainstream language with differential accents. While this issue is problematic for immigrant children, there is no sustained dialogue or research among scholars in related educational discourse. The overarching aim of the article is to make the issue an integral part of the language debate in teaching and learning.
Supervisory Conversations: A Key to Reflective Experimentation
Authors: Gwyn-Paquette Caroline
Published: April 2017

Using a qualitative approach, in this article, the author explores the conversations which take place between preservice teachers and their university supervisor, analysing sequences which serve as support for experimentation of a ‘new’ teaching approach and situations of knowledge construction by preservice teachers. They were asked to use cooperative learning activities during student teaching although such strategies were not necessarily modelled by their cooperating teachers or familiar to the students. As their researcher/supervisor, the author provided support in planning conferences and coaching through post-observation conferences. It is suggested that there is more to supervisory conversations than simply providing moral support for the preservice teachers or evaluation of their performance. They are occasions for knowledge construction, notably, through problem-solving and solution finding, stimulation of reflection and discussion of theory.
Promoting Inclusive School-Community Relationships: Administrator Strategies for Empowering and Enabling Parents in Diverse Contexts
Authors: Ryan James
Published: April 2017

Much has been written about the challenges that accompany increasing diversity in educational institutions in many Western societies. To deal with these challenges, the idea and practice of inclusion has figured prominently in educational reform initiatives over the past few decades. One major development has been the trend towards stronger school community partnerships that are geared towards empowering and enabling all parents to participate more actively in school. Research to date suggests that principals have a very important role in nurturing these relationships. Based on the findings of a study among principals, this article explores how school leaders promote inclusive community involvement in diverse contexts.
Getting the Correct Answer
Authors: Sterenberg Gladys
Published: April 2017

This paper investigates the question: What does it mean to experience correctness in school mathematics? Drawing on interviews and observations of classroom interaction, the author describes possible experiences of students when they get an answer, when they cannot get the correct answer, and when they get the right answer but do not understand how they got it. Questions surrounding student perseverance in getting the correct answer and the relationship between power and the possession of a correct answer are considered. Emerging issues of schools as correctional institutions, teachers and textbooks as sole authorities, and mathematical truth and rightness as absolutes are discussed. Through a phenomenological consideration of the embodied experiences of students, the author challenges the prevalent preoccupation with correctness and offers an alternative pedagogy that is informed by a sense of ethics rather than correctness. As students begin to view correctness as embedded in incorrectness, maybe their experiences of ambiguity and uncertainty can be welcomed. Perhaps school mathematics can embrace human experiences.
“No text is innocent”: Canadian children’s books in the classroom
Authors: Bainbridge Joyce , Oberg Diane , Carbonaro Mike
Published: April 2017

This case study of one school district explored elementary teachers’ use of, and beliefs about, Canadian children’s books in the classroom. It also examined the supports that facilitate elementary teachers’ use of Canadian books, including services provided by teacher-librarians, school district personnel and others; availability of funding; and opportunities for professional development. The case study district had a teacher-librarian in every school and was committed to supporting the work of teachers through the school library. The participants had clear

ideas about what it meant to them to be Canadian and about the values that were important to them as Canadians. They believed it was important to incorporate Canadian books into classroom activities. However, they often felt a need to justify their use of Canadian books, whereas they unquestioningly used American books in their teaching across the curriculum. Overall, they were more knowledgeable about Canadian books and Canadian authors and illustrators than teachers in earlier studies. However, the findings of the study raise an interesting paradox; the teachers supported the use of Canadian books but they did not appear to connect “Canadian values” to Canadian books. They seemed unaware that all books, Canadian or not, convey an ideology; “no text is innocent” (Stephens & Watson, 1994, p. 14).
Army, Navy, Air Force and Research? The Vocation of Scholarship as an Applied Discipline in the Canadian Forces
Authors: Bates Catherine
Published: April 2017

This article is a personal and professional reflection on scholarship and research as applied to a very large and mechanistic organization – the Canadian Forces. A specialist cadre of officers within the Canadian Forces is dedicated to the applied discipline of Training Development. Training Development is the practical application of adult education theory and, in an academic institution, would normally provide ample scope for research. However, the shortage of professional Training Development Officers in the Canadian Forces leaves little time for research given the urgent requirement to train and deploy ever-increasing numbers of Army, Navy and Air Force personnel to theatres of operations abroad. Those officers who practice scholarship through research pursuits often do so to satisfy personal rather than professional goals. The engagement in professional research projects is filled with challenges that include identification of key stakeholders, selection of a topic, and the ethics of rationalizing personal areas of academic interest with military areas of need. The result is a focus on applied rather than academic research. To ethically conduct applied research using Canadian Forces subjects requires the active participation of unrelated departments and the use of both personal and work time to complete the research task. The greatest gains in efficiency can be achieved through position related research. Although there are challenges associated with the pursuit of scholarship in a military setting, there is also ample scope for examination of topic areas not previously addressed through research. The article concludes with recommendations for research into institutional effectiveness, leader experiences and future requirements through a combination of position related and personal interest generated research.
Some Thoughts on Qallunaat Teacher Caring in Nunavut
Authors: Berger Paul
Published: April 2017

Qallunaat (non-Inuit) teaching Inuit students in Nunavut risk being agents of the continuing colonialism of EuroCanadian schooling. I argue that for a Qallunaat teacher to be a caring teacher this, and related issues, must be faced. I claim that an extraordinary commitment, expressed in actions, is required from individual teachers, and discuss the near impossibility of truly caring in the absence of change in the very Western way schooling is conducted in Nunavut.
Making it Real: Promoting Novice Teachers’ Critical Perspectives on Educational Issues Through Structured Debates
Authors: Amobi Funmi
Published: April 2017

There is a sense of ambivalence with regard to the place of the knowledge of the foundations of education in the makeup of an effective teacher in today’s lexicon of the term. The reason for the marginalization of the field often points to the perspective that the discourse that comprises the scope of educational foundations is too abstract to provide guidance to the everyday concerns of practitioners. In this interpretive and self-exploratory study, the author triangulated a) literature on the place of educational foundations of education in teacher education, b) description of a critical issues course that used structured debate to promote novice teachers’ critical perspectives on educational issues, and c) interpretive analysis of 21 preservice teachers’ reflections on implemented debates to answer the questions that guided the study. The questions were 1.) What is the place of the study of the foundations of education in the preparation of teachers for the 21st century? 2.) Did the use of structured debate provoke novice teachers’ critical perspectives on educational issues? The findings of the study showed that the use of structured debate elicited critical insight into the meaning and nature of educational issues from most of the participating novice teachers. The conclusion from the study supported the idea that the ability to exercise critical perspectives on educational policy and practice issues is a quintessential element that separates self-renewing and ever-maturing educators from teaching technicians.
Promoting Positive Behaviours using Sociodrama
Authors: McLennan Deanna , Smith Kara
Published: April 2017

This study investigates whether the use of sociodramatic activities created by Augusto Boal can promote self-expression, a commitment to learning, and positive behaviour in grade eight students. Twenty-four ‘at-risk’ students were identified by the school principal, and participated in 10 weekly 45-minute drama sessions. Initially, participants exhibited behavioural problems such as a lack of motivation, multiple social problems, and a demonstrated lack of respect toward peers and teaching staff. Data from the sessions were collected through participant journals, field notes, questionnaires and member checks. Gender differences were observed in participation levels during activities and discussions. Student responses indicated that the use of sociodramatic techniques provided multiple opportunities for self-expression. Most girls in the study were involved in the dramatic activities and discussions on a consistent basis from the beginning, whereas most boys were inactive participants at the beginning, but increased their commitment, and even assumed leadership roles by the conclusion. While changes in self-expression and commitment to learning may have been the result of students engaging in routinely scheduled drama activities, the study found that sociodrama activities based on Boal, when implemented in the classroom, might have the potential to encourage positive behaviour in at-risk students.
Teacher-Initiated, Student-Centered Global Education in a K to 8 School
Authors: O'Sullivan Michael , Vetter Diane
Published: April 2017

Despite a growing recognition that established notions of democracy, nationhood, citizenship, and ethnicity are giving way to emerging notions of democratic, multicultural, global citizenship, there are few curricular guidelines to achieve this expectation. This is especially the case at the elementary level where there isn’t even a consensus that such an approach is appropriate. Faced with this lack of consensus and the resulting lack of curricular leadership and driven by the need to respond to the needs and interests of their students, elementary teachers, influenced by the particularities of their local circumstances, follow their instincts and rely on each other with respect to how to teach what is variously called global education, global citizenship education, or education from a global perspective. Elementary teachers are reshaping the practice of what is referred to in this paper as global (citizenship) education at the classroom level. While such innovations can frequently lead to creative results, they can also result in highly idiosyncratic interpretations of what constitutes the most effective approach to teaching from a global perspective or what constitutes global citizenship. This paper is a case study of the efforts of the staff of one small-town Ontario elementary school to infuse a global perspective throughout the grades from K to 8 and across the curriculum.
Teaching practices that promote student learning: Five experiential approaches
Authors: Wurdinger Scott Donald , Bezon Jennifer Louise
Published: April 2017

University students are disengaged with learning. One reason is because educators continue to overuse the lecture format, which creates a situation where students engage in other tasks, such as sending text messages to their friends, instead to listening to the information being given by the instructor. If institutions and educators want to improve learning environments and increase retention rates, it is argued that they should consider embracing more active methods of learning that inspire and motivate students to learn. Five innovative teaching approaches discussed in this article include: project-based learning, problem based learning, service learning, place-based education, and active learning. Practical considerations are provided to help educators understand how to use and apply these approaches. It is contended that using these five innovative practices at the university level will help inspire and motivate students to learn, resulting in more exciting classrooms and a better-educated society.
Socrates Seen in Ontario Highschools (And He Has Not Left the Building!)
Authors: McDonough Graham , Boyd Dwight
Published: April 2017

Philosophy is a relatively new subject in Ontario Highschools, and the teacher education programs that serve this subject area are even newer. It is laudable that high school students have this opportunity, especially since the intellectual habits of critical thinking and healthy skepticism that philosophy promotes run counter to the traditional educational experiences that students have in many other subjects. However, very little is known about how teachers imagine their role and the “proper outcomes” of this course. We examine interview data concerning how high school philosophy teachers conceptualize their ideal pedagogical aims. This question goes to the heart of why these courses are so important because curriculum is always filtered through teachers’ interpretations of it and the aims of education. Teachers look to Socratic questioning and critical thinking as the paragon of philosophical habits, but their responses reveal that “institutional constraints” and “sources of bias” pose two major impediments to this ideal. We focus on these impediments to underscore the importance of the teacher’s role and efforts in philosophy classes, and to encourage those in teacher education to take them seriously in designing courses in the new “teachable subject area” of philosophy in Ontario faculties of education.
Room for Fear: Using Our Own Personal Stories in Teacher Education
Authors: Harkins Mary Jane , Forrest Michelle , Keener Terrah
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we explore how stories can serve as a pedagogical strategy in pre-service teacher education. Sharing concerns for students facing the complexities of today’s classrooms evoked memories of moments from our own early years as teachers. Making sense of our fears many years later, led to the recognition that our students are facing similar situations. Through the exploration of our stories we demonstrate how we have gained insights into teaching and begun to make meaning from our experiences. Key to these stories is a sense of beliefs being disrupted by a fear of teaching.
Using Design Research for Studies on ICT in Classrooms
Authors: Park Hyeran , Zhang Zuochen
Published: April 2017

In recent years, as Information and communication technologies (ICT) are getting more and more widely used in classrooms, researchers have been trying to identify effective ways for ICT to be utilized in school classrooms to enhance teaching and learning. However, it is argued that traditional scientific research methodologies are not really applicable for studies on ICT integration in classrooms, as these research approaches, more often than not, fail to reflect the dynamics and complexity of the school classroom. Some researchers who adopted design research in their research projects advocate the employment of this research methodology as an alternative to overcome the limitations of traditional scientific research in the domain of ICT integration in classrooms. Based on a review of literature, this paper first examines the advantages and problems of adopting ICT in classrooms, and then discusses the use of design research as an alternative research methodology for studies on ICT in classrooms.
Not Only the Sorcerer's Apprentice: Re-Conjuring the PhD
Authors: Buccieri Kristy , McDermid Campbell , Mannette Joy
Published: April 2017

Without a magic mirror on the wall, Ph.D. students have to look elsewhere for answers. In this paper, we pose the question, “What does it mean to be a Ph.D. in the 21st century?” We explore this issue through our respective social locations, as two first year Ph.D. students from differing backgrounds and as a tenured professor in a Faculty of Education. Our interest lies beyond a critique of the current model and a dualistic consideration of what should or should not be. Instead, we engage auto-ethnography with an analytic-induction approach to consider what postmodern doctoral studies might entail. The discussion is informed by a range of theorists, allowing us to consider multiple voices in the process of inculcation within the canon. Central to our discussion is the motivation of doctoral students and the means by which we can find our place within existing research communities. We examine the responsibility of students in animating knowledge and disseminating it outside the walls of the established academy. With a Ph.D. comes considerable power. The time has come for us to re-think the way we pass the wand from sorcerer to apprentice, and perhaps, even what is the wand.