bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legionella in drinking water: the detection method matters
Authors: Zacharias Nicole , Waßer Felix , Freier Lia , Spies Kirsten , Koch Christoph , Pleischl Stefan , Mutters Nico T. , Kistemann Thomas
Published: June 2023

Legionella concentrations in drinking water have been regulated for decades and are evaluated with regard to their concentrations in drinking water plumbing systems (DWPS). The respective action levels differ at the international level. In Germany, the Federal Environment Agency (UBA) specifies the application of ISO 11731 for the detection of legionella in drinking water and gives a binding recommendation for the methods to be used for culturing and evaluation. Effective from 01 March 2019, the UBA recommendation was revised. The utilized culture media in the culture approach were altered, consequently affecting the spectrum of legionella colonies detected in drinking water. Using data from a routine legionella monitoring of a large laboratory, over a period of 6 years and 17,270 individual drinking water samples, allowed us to assess the impact of the alteration on the assessment of DWPS. By comparing the amount of action level exceedances before and after the method change, it could be demonstrated that exceedances are reported significantly more often under the new method. Consequently, the corresponding action level for evaluation of legionella contamination and the resulting risk to human health needs to be revised to avoid the misleading impression of increased health risk.
A internacionalização do currículo na perspectiva de professores de línguas no Brasil
Authors: Machado Pereira Lauro Sérgio , Santclair Dllubia , Da Silva Kléber Aparecido
Published: June 2023

A internacionalização do currículo busca incorporar uma dimensão intercultural e global nas atividades de ensino, a fim de contribuir para a formação de cidadãos e profissionais engajados na diversidade cultural e linguística do mundo globalizado. Neste artigo, discutimos a internacionalização do currículo, destacando as reflexões dos professores de línguas como agentes da internacionalização da educação. Em seguida, analisamos os dados qualitativos gerados mediante um questionário estruturado, aplicado aos professores brasileiros de línguas que são membros do Grupo de Estudos Críticos e Avançados em Linguagens (GECAL-UnB), com o objetivo de compreender suas concepções sobre a internacionalização do currículo. A análise dos dados, à luz da Linguística Aplicada Crítica, indicou que a internacionalização das instituições educacionais brasileiras pode ser viabilizada pela internacionalização do currículo, exigindo discussões sobre interculturalidade, multilinguismo e plurilinguismo. Assim, a partir das perspectivas dos professores, é possível vislumbrar abordagens alternativas para a internacionalização da educação.
Design and Evaluation of SLNs Encapsulated Curcumin-based Topical Formulation
for the Management of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Singhai Manu , Pandey Vikas , Ashique Sumel , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Arora Daisy , Haider Tanweer , Mishra Neeraj
Published: June 2023

Objective:

Curcumin has the propensity to inhibit cancer growth, slow cancer development, increase chemotherapy
effectiveness, and shield healthy cells from radiation treatment harm. As a result of curcumin's ability to block
several signaling pathways, cervical cancer cells can once again proliferate normally. To optimize topically applied
curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) for the treatment of cervical cancer, this study set out to establish
the relationship between design variables and experimental data. It also performed in vitro characterizations to determine
the formulation's efficacy and safety.

Methods:

Curcumin-loaded SLNPs were constructed and optimized using a systematic design of experiment (DoE)
technique. SLNPs that were loaded with curcumin were produced utilizing a cold emulsification ultrasonication process.
Using the Box Behnken Design, it was determined how independent variables (factors) like the quantity of lipid
(A), the quantity of phospholipid (B), and the concentration of surfactant (C) affected the responses of the dependent
variables (responses), such as particle size (Y1), polydispersity index (PDI) (Y2), and entrapment efficiency (EE) (Y3)
(BBD).

Results:

The ideal formulation (SLN9) was chosen using the desirability technique based on 3-D surface response
graphs. Using polynomial equations and three-dimensional surface plots, the influence of independent factors on the
dependent variables was evaluated. The observed responses were almost equal to the levels that the optimal formulation
expected. The improved SLNP gel's shape and other physicochemical characteristics were also assessed, and they
were determined to be ideal. The sustained release profile of the produced formulations was validated by in vitro release
tests. Studies on hemolysis, immunogenic response, and in vitro cell cytotoxicity demonstrate the efficacy and
safety of the formulations.

Conclusion:

To improve the treatment effect, chitosan-coated SLNPs may carry encapsulated curcumin to the desired
location and facilitate its localization and deposition in the desired vaginal tissue.
Cytotoxic Activity Methods
Authors: Emerce Esra , Taban Akça Kevser
Published: June 2023

Natural products have formed the basis of traditional medicine systems
throughout human history. Today, drug discovery studies from natural origins continue
rapidly and efficiently with modern methods. Among the many activities, cytotoxic
activity is related to the behaviour of test material on cell viability and cellular growth.
Cytotoxicity methods, used as a screening test or initial test for guiding other activities,
provide useful information for biocompatibility studies for medical devices or
materials, drug discovery and development processes, toxicity evaluation of cosmetics,
research of disease mechanisms and treatments, and determination of chemopreventive
agents. In vitro cytotoxicity analyses have emerged as an alternative to in vivo studies
and have become preferable due to their ease of application, standardization, rapid, low
cost, and compatibility with data from in vivo studies. With cell-based cytotoxicity
studies, basic information about the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of the tested
substance is obtained. In studies dealing with natural products, the most appropriate
cytotoxic method should be selected according to the properties and chemical
structures of natural compounds, the ultimate goal of the study, cell types, etc.
Although there are many cytotoxicity methods, this chapter is an introductory overview
of the most commonly used assay methods to estimate the cytotoxic activity in natural
products.
Bioremediation using Genetically Engineered Microorganisms
Authors: Hassan Amal I. , Saleh Hosam M.
Published: June 2023

The applications of biotechnology, especially genetic modification, are
varied and concern multiple fields, as they can provide appropriate and radical
solutions to many problems of agriculture, the environment, and human and animal
health. The promoters of these technologies present them as the best and only solution
to the problems of famine in the world in the twenty-first century, especially in
underdeveloped and developing countries. The astonishing development of crops in
developed countries is mainly due to the introduction of massive genetic improvement
programs with intensive agricultural systems (irrigation, fertilizers, health care) until
the matter in these countries reach genetically modified products.
In this chapter, we will present the importance of the techniques of genetic mutation of
micro-organisms and the negative effects of genetically modified species and products
for experts, decision-makers, and decision-makers to protect human, animal, and plant
health. We will also shed light on the future of these genetically modified organism -
based treatments.
Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics in Groundwater. Impact to the Public Health
Authors: Kanmani S. , Singh Niharika , Kumar S. Selva , Gandhimathi R.
Published: June 2023

Antibiotics are defined as medicines used for the prevention and treatment
of bacterial infections. They act as growth inhibitors or destroy the bacteria by
destructing the bacterial cell wall or inhibiting energy generation from glucose within
the cell. When bacteria adapt to resistance or develop the ability to resist the factors &
survive after being exposed to antibiotics, they become resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance occurs due to several changes (physical, chemical, environmental)
or undergoing mutation in bacterial DNA. There are many ways through which
antibiotics may reach groundwater. The increased use of antibiotics leads them to
transfer from one place to another. They can be transferred from hospitals to humans
and from human waste to groundwater. Agriculture practices, poultry farming, and
industrial techniques also allow antibiotics to reach groundwater, which further affects
aquatic lives and also causes antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Model Pemberdayaan Kewirausahaan Mandiri Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Authors: Pratama Andika , Akhyadi Ade Sadikin , Saripah Iip
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 tidak hanya berdampak serius bagi sektor kesehatan tetapi juga membuat sektor ekonomi sangat terpuruk. Banyak masyarakat kehilangan pekerjaan bahkan tidak sedikit yang akhirnya menutup usahanya. Salah satu solusi dari permasalahan ini adalah dengan adanya program pemberdayaan kewirausahaan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas solusi dalam membangun kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat serta berbagai model pemberdayaan kewirausahaan masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan menghimpun dari berbagai artikel yang relevan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dengan menganalisis berbagai artikel yang membahas mengenai pemberdayaan ekonomi rakyat di masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat berbagai solusi dalam membantu memulihkan ekonomi masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan memanfaatkan bantuan stimulus dari pemerintah (top down) maupun program pemberdayaan kewirausahaan yang lahir dari masyarakat itu sendiri (bottom up). Selain itu berbagai model pemberdayaan kewirausahaan mandiri masyarakat yang dilaksanakan dengan memanfaatkan berbagai potensi yang ada sangat membantu mendorong perekonomian masyarakat. Implikasi temuan yaitu model pemberdayaan kewirausahaan sangat menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian selanjutnya agar dapat menjadi landasan maupun inspirasi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat di masa Pandemi Covid-19. Community Entrepreneurship Empowerment Model during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Literature ReviewAbstract: The Covid-19 pandemic not only had a serious impact on the health sector but also made the economic sector very badly affected. Many people lost their jobs, and even a few ended up closing their businesses. One solution to this problem is the existence of an entrepreneurial empowerment program. This article aims to discuss solutions in building community economic independence as well as various models of community entrepreneurial empowerment during the Covid-19 pandemic by compiling various relevant articles. This research method used literature studies by analyzing various articles that discuss the economic empowerment of the people during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that there are various solutions to help the community's economic recovery during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely by utilizing stimulus from the government (top down) and entrepreneurial empowerment programs created by the community itself (bottom up). In addition, various models of community-driven entrepreneurial empowerment that are implemented by utilizing various existing potentials are very helpful in encouraging the community's economy. The implication of these findings is that the entrepreneurial empowerment model is very interesting for further research to be carried out so that it can be a foundation and inspiration to improve the community's economy during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Upaya Penyuluhan Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) dengan Pendekatan Andragogi di UPTD PPKB Pondok Gede
Authors: Arfianisa Anggi , Sutarjo Sutarjo , Danugiri Dadang
Published: June 2023

Abstrak:Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) upaya penyuluhan program keluarga berencana (KB) dengan pendekatan andragogi di UPTD PPKB Pondok Gede, (2) bentuk-bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya penyuluhan program keluarga berencana (KB). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah upaya penyuluhan program keluarga berencana (KB) di UPTD PPKB Pondok Gede cukup efektif, menggunakan bentuk penyuluhan secara kelompok, adanya macam-macam kb memudahkan masyarakat dalam memilih kb yang akan digunakan, bentuk partisipasi kader membantu pihak plkb dalam kegiatan penyuluhan program kb, media yang diberikan plkb memudahkan kader dalam melakukan penyuluhan program kb kepada masyarakat, dengan dukungan dari pihak luar, pembagian tugas sesuai dengan masing-masing  sub nya.Counseling Efforts of Family Planning Program with Andragogy Approach In UPTD PPKB Pondok GedeAbstract: The purpose of this research was to describe: (1) counseling efforts of family planning  program (KB) with andragogy approach in UPTD PPKB Pondok Gede, (2) the forms of community participation in counseling efforts  family planning program. The method used this research is a qualitative descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this research are the counseling efforts of family planning  program (KB) in UPTD PPKB Pondok Gede are quite effective, using the form of group counseling, there are various types of family planning that makes it easier for people to choose which family planning program to use, the form of cadre participation helps PLKB in counseling activities for the family planning program, The media provided by PLKB makes it easier for cadres to conduct family planning program counseling to the community, with support from outside parties, the division of tasks according to each sub.
Dukungan Sosial dan Resiliensi pada Anak di Wilayah Perbukitan Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta
Authors: Muthmainah Muthmainah
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Kurangnya dukungan sosial dapat menghambat penyesuaian diri seseorang saat menghadapi masalah. Penyebabnya diantaranya keterbatasan individu, baik dari kualitas pendidikan, kesadaran individu, ketersediaan waktu, serta keterbatasan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk dukungan sosial dan resiliensi pada anak di wilayah perbukitan Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah etnografi. Subjek penelitian adalah anak yang berusia 5-8 tahun yang tinggal di wilayah perbukitan. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial dapat membentuk resiliensi pada sebagian anak di wilayah perbukitan. Adapun bentuk dukungan sosial meliputi dukungan dukungan emosional, instrumental, informasi, dan penghargaan yang diberikan orang tua, guru, tokoh masyarakat, dan komunitas. Dukungan sosial diberikan oleh orang tua, guru, tokoh masyarakat, dan komunitas. Resiliensi terbentuk melalui interaksi yang intens, berkesinambungan, didukung dengan kondisi geografis, dan budaya setempat. Interaksi yang terbuka dan penuh perhatian menjadikan resiliensi semakin kuat. Pengasuhan dan penguatan lingkungan mampu membentuk mental seseorang agar mampu beradaptasi dengan kondisi apapun. Social Support and Resilience for Children in the Hills of Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta Abstract: Insufficient social support could hamper someone’s adaptation when face problems. The causes include individual limitations, both from the quality of education, individual awareness, availability of time, and economic limitations. The objective of this research was to describe the form of social support and resilience among children in hills area. The method of the research used is ethnography. The subjects of the research are adolescents between 5-8 years old who live in hills areas. Data collection methods are by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that social support can form resilience in some children in hilly areas. The forms of social support include emotional support, instrumental support, information, and awards given by parents, teachers, community leaders, and the community. Social support is provided by parents, teachers, community leaders, and the community. Resilience is formed through intense, continuous interaction, supported by geographical conditions and local culture. An open and caring interaction makes resilience stronger. Parenting and strengthening the environment can shape a person's mentality to be able to adapt to any conditions.
Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas Mental Melalui Pelatihan Membatik di Yayasan Jiwa Layang
Authors: S Caecilia Tridjata , Oetopo Ataswarin , Hazmi Fariz Al
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penyandang disabilitas mental (PDM) seperti halnya individu normal yang menaruh perhatian dan ketertarikan pada aktivitas belajar berkesenian. Faktor ketunaan yang disandangnya mempengaruhi kemampuan perseptual dan kemampuan sosial menjalin relasi dengan masyarakat. Realitas tersebut menghendaki dikembangkannya solusi kreatif dengan pendekatan integratif berbeda untuk mengembangkan pelatihan keterampilan. Pelatihan membatik dengan alat cap berbahan kertas dapat menjadi solusi masalah yang dihadapi oleh PDM dan membantu program pengembangan keterampilan di Yayasan Jiwa Layang. Pendekatan craft therapy dapat menciptakan suasana pelatihan yang lebih atraktif dan menyenangkan, sehingga PDM lebih termotivasi untuk lebih produktif dalam membuat beragam jenis karya Batik Cap. Dampak dari aktivitas yang kreatif dan produktif ini dapat meminimalisir kekambuhan PDM dan dapat belajar mandiri dan menjalani kehidupan yang lebih baik. Hasil dari pelatihan menunjukkan peserta berada pada kategori “terampil” dengan persentase nilai rata-rata  2,9, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa peserta dapat membuat karya batik sesuai dengan keterampilan yang diberikan. Empowerment of People with Mental Disabilities through Batik Training at the Jiwa Layang FoundationAbstract: People with mental disabilities (PDM) are like normal individuals who pay attention and are interested in art learning activities. The disability factor that he has affects his perception ability and social ability in building relationships with the community. This reality requires the development of creative solutions with different integrative approaches to developing skills training. Batik training using a paper stamp tool can be a solution to the problems faced by PDM and help the skills development program at the Jiwa Layang Foundation. The craft therapy approach can create a more interesting and enjoyable training atmosphere, so that PDM is more motivated to be more productive in making various types of Batik Cap works. The impact of these creative and productive activities can minimize the recurrence of PDM and be able to learn independently and live a better life. The results of the training showed that participants were in the "skilled" category with an average score of 2.9, so it was concluded that participants could make batik works according to the skills given.
The Efforts of Lifelong Education through Life Skills for Early Childhood in Play Groups
Authors: Loretha All Fine , Arbarini Mintarsih , Felestin Felestin , Desmawati Liliek
Published: June 2023

Education has a vital role in stimulating the growth and development of children. Currently, education is only focused on achieving cognitive outcomes, even though children need to be able to help themselves and become empowered for their lives in lifelong through life skills. This study described efforts to implement lifelong education by training life skills in early childhood in playgroups and its impacts. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were six teachers, four parents, and two students involving two playgroups. The stages of analysis data include data collection, reduction, and conclusion. The implementation of lifelong education in playgroups is carried out by providing stimulus regarding activities that trigger the growth of life skills for early childhood. Life skills in playgroups are applied through life skills centers. Life skills include social life, responsibility, self-awareness, gender awareness, decision-making, survival, and self-care. Activities related to life skills stimulate children’s lifelong learning. This research can be a reference for early childhood teachers to facilitate children learning through life skills for lifelong education.
Community Empowerment Through Making Iboni Craft to Improve Community Welfare and The Economic Impact
Authors: Setyowati Ari Dwi , Yusuf Amin , Malik Abdul , Wang Jingduo
Published: June 2023

The people of Rowoboni Village have not optimized the potential of water hyacinths in Lake Rawapening. People only work as laborers picking water hyacinths and selling raw to collectors. It does not improve the community’s economy because the selling price of water hyacinths is still lower than that of water hyacinths processed into handicraft products. This study aims to describe the process of water hyacinth Iboni craft community empowerment to improve community welfare and economy. This qualitative approach used in-depth interview techniques with 14 participants consisting of one manager, seven workers, four devices village, one farmer, and one hyacinth collector who are considered to have precise information related to the focus of the research. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity applied source triangulation techniques, and the data were analyzed through data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study show that the empowerment process of Iboni craft consists of 3 stages, namely 1) awareness and behavior formation, 2) knowledge and skills transformation, and 3) intellectual and skills enrichment or improvement. The economic impact of this empowerment program is increasing people’s income and welfare. The conclusion is that the empowerment process of Iboni Craft consists of 3 stages:  1) awareness and behavior formation through Dialogical communication or word of mouth to the public, 2) knowledge and skills transformation through group training, and independent training with the manager of Iboni Craft, 3) intellectual and skills enrichment or improvement where the workforce begins to produce independently following consumer demand. The economic impact of this empowerment program is an increase in family income, which can provide the family with a second source of income.
The Contribution of Green Social Workers in Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change in Indonesia
Authors: Ramdani Jaka , Gunawan Budhi , Darwis Rudi Saprudin
Published: June 2023

Climate change is part of natural disasters accompanied by the process of environmental degradation and harms human life holistically. The impact of climate change has become a serious problem experienced by various society levels, without any exception. Numerous scientific studies explain that climate change triggers various environmental changes that threaten the survival and welfare of society. Climate change adaptation and mitigation become the preventive and repressive strategies for controlling climate change. A continously developed programis the Climate Village Program (Proklim). The main basis of the program is community empowerment to be able to run sustainably. The present research focused on the study of roles, referring to the theory of Green Social Work by Lena Dominelli. The data were analyzed descriptively regarding the role of Green Social Workers concerning the suitability between the theory and practice. The application of the qualitative approach employed in this research was in the form of a case study. The researchers decided to employ the case study method because the what was investigated in this study was considered unique regarding the role of Green Social Workers in the Climate Village Program, which has been developed and implemented by the government. The roles of Green Social Workers were, first, helping to analyze and solve problems and respond to opportunities and challenges faced by farmers in managing their businesses; second, facilitating the learning process of farmers or Forest Farmer Group (KTH) in implementing good and sustainable business governance; third, assisting farmers, Forest Farmer Group (KTH), or community groups in developing institutions to be competitive and productive; fourth, improving the leadership, managerial, and entrepreneurial skills of farmers, Forest Farmer Group (KTH), or community groups;fifth, ensuring farmers' access to information, technology, and other resources in business development, and assisting as well as supervising farmers in improving production and productivity; sixth, being a safeguard of state assets in the form of forests, inviting the community to know, want, and participate in maintaining and protecting forest resources from various forest; seventh, encouraging the community to sustainably adapt and mitigate climate change; eighth, initiating the establishment of the Climate Village Program. Green Social Workers were indispensable in community empowerment, especially in encouraging environmental improvement to remain sustainable for the community's prosperity.
The Implementation of Training Programs to Make Tumpeng for the Community
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Lukman A Ismail , Singal Albert Richart , Mustangin Mustangin , Winarti Hepy Tri , Alisalman Muhammad
Published: June 2023

The background of this research is the Empowerment of Citizens Learning through a Training Program to make Tumpeng in Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar (SKB) Samarinda give an influence on Knowledge, Attitudes and Skills. The purpose of this study is how the process of implementing the training program makes Tumpeng rice, as well as reviewing factors that inhibit and support the factors and impacts of the Training Program to make Tumpeng in SKB Samarinda City. The type of research used is the Type of Qualitative Research Method. The data sources in this study are the Head of Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar (SKB) Samarinda, Tutors and Learners. Data Collection techniques using Observation, Interviews and Documentation. Data Analysis techniques include Data Collection, Data Reduction, Data Display and Conclusion Drawing. The results of this research are (1) program planning is carried out through the identification of needs to the community (2) the implementation of the program is related to the learning process using methods of delivering material and practice to improve knowledge and skills and (3) evaluation is implemented to see the success of the program. Supporting Factors for Training Programs make Tumpeng is an excellent Learners Response, The Presence of Competent and Experienced Speakers. Factor The existence of other jobs such as gardening.
Application of Family Function in Dealing with Fujoshi and Fudanshi Teenagers in Bandar Selamat Village
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Nasution Adinda Yulfina , Rosramadhana Rosramadhana
Published: June 2023

Teenagers as fans of homosexual love stories are considered as a form of deviation that occurs. Teenagers' hobbies violate religious and social values in society. Teenagers like things that are considered deviant. As a result, there is a change in adolescent behavior, adolescents become closed, addicted to homosexual content, apathetic and emotional. The purpose of this study was to describe the existence of fujoshi and fudanshi adolescents based on their characteristics (self-closing, addiction, apathy, and emotionality) and to determine the application of family functions in tackling the character of fujoshi and fudanshi adolescents in Bandar Selamat Village. This research was conducted using a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection in this qualitative research uses interactive techniques including participant observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique is done by reducing the data, displaying the data and drawing conclusions. The validity of this research uses credibility, dependability, and confirmability tests. The results showed a description of the existence of fujoshi and fudanshi teenagers based on their characteristics. Fujoshi and fudanshi teenagers who consume homosexual stories can be overcome by implementing family functions. The application of family functions in dealing with fujoshi adolescents includes the application of the functions of religion, love, protection, reproduction as well as socialization and education. The five functions implemented by parents can overcome the behavior of children who are fans of homosexual love stories. For this reason, as parents, they should be able to balance themselves with technological developments today so that they can monitor all children's activities on social media.
DISASTER RESILIENCE RURAL COMMUNITY (DRRC) COMMUNITY CAPITALS: CASE STUDIES IN THE RURAL AREA OF EAST COAST, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors: Omar Chong Noraini , Kamarudin Khairul Hisyam
Published: June 2023

According to scholars in disaster and resilient-related studies, the focus in building a resilient community in disaster is the need to understand three capitals particularly economic, social, and environmental. This study aims to identify the capitals of internal and external resilience factors for the flood-related disasters experienced by three rural communities in Malaysia. A total of 43 resilience factors were identified from the three key capitals. Field research was carried out to identify the internal and external factors that had contributed to the resilience of the rural communities to floods in Malaysia. Case studies and a questionnaire survey were conducted in the following households: (1) Lubok Setol village in Kelantan state; (2) Teladas village in Terengganu state; and (3) Gajah Mati village in Pahang state. A total of 90 respondents participated in the survey that was carried out from January 2018 (right after the major flood occurred in December 2017) to mid-February 2018. Data analysis was carried out using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method mainly for prioritising and categorising answer key components of community resilience. Responses that received higher RII scores were ranked higher or given a higher priority compared to factors with a lower RII score. Findings indicate that the respondents agreed that all three community capitals strongly influence DRRC.
GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE LIVING RESIDENTIAL SITE SUITABILITY USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Mokhtar Ernieza Suhana , Md Sharin Nur Aqilah Balqis , Idrees Mohammed Oludare , Md Saad Nurhafiza , Astuti Puji , Mohd Sidek Noor Zahirah , Mohd Yusoff Zaharah , Abdul Wahab Siti Maryam
Published: June 2023

The demand for sustainable housing is rising because of the rapid increase in Malaysia's population. Housing areas with sufficient amenities, services, and accessibility contribute to people's having a higher quality of life since those amenities might satisfy their desire for a particular location. This study intends to identify significant parameters, weightage, and sustainable residential areas based on selected parameters. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographical Information System (GIS) platform were used to assess the appropriate parameters and locations with adequate facility supply. To determine the suitability of residential areas in Ipoh, Perak, the weighted overlay approach was performed using the computed value and scale of the parameters. A site suitability map is created using three separate levels with low, medium, and high suitability areas. The most important parameters were found to be health and social care, while industrial areas, social amenities, and recreational places were found to be less important. With this outcome, purchasers could discover the most important regions that fulfil their demands by making the decision to invest in the right residential property.
TRANSMISSION SUITABILITY ROUTE MAP USING THE LEAST COST PATH ANALYSIS (LCPA)
Authors: Lin Saharuddin , Mathew Sebastian , Abdul Rasam Abdul Rauf
Published: June 2023

This study uses a Least Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) to create a transmission suitability route map. Environmental issues including electromagnetic pollution, habitat fragmentation, forest clearing, and the sight of pylons and power lines, and electromagnetic pollution are just a few that may come up during the planning and construction phases. The study's objectives are to define the criteria for a suitable transmission route, map the current transmission from Kidurong to Kemena in Bintulu, Sarawak, and suggest a new, LCPA-based transmission route that meets these criteria. It is necessary to determine the criteria that influence the construction of the route. There are three main categories for the proposed routes. There are technical, human health, and natural environments.  The road layer and slope layer are combined for the technical group. The residential layer is part of the human health group, and land use is associated with the natural environment. During the planning of a potential power line route, weight was assigned to the criterion maps. The outcome demonstrates that the suggested route was built based on most flat sections, with only a little portion passing through the sharpest sector because there is no other way to depart from the path to avoid it. The output route is nearly straight from the source location to the destination point. The route also curves in a couple of places to go around the step area. The proposed transmission line is inside the buffer zone, and there are no other routes in the area that are more than 1 km from the road. Class 1 has a low dwelling density; therefore, the route passes through it for the residential evaluation. Additionally, there are a few places where the route passes through class 2 because only class 2 has a lower housing density.
THE ELDERLY QUALITY OF LIFE (E-QoL) AND RETIREMENT VILLAGE PREFERRED FEATURES BY MALAYSIAN GENERATIONS
Authors: Ismail Hafiszah , Nordin Muhamad Saiful Alizan , Halil Faridah Muhamad , Abdul Khalid Nur Hidayah
Published: June 2023

Along with the continuous growth of the elderly population, Malaysia projected to become an ageing nation by 2030. The Retirement Villages are a Restricted Ageing Community that offers a complete range of services supplying the diverse housing demand of the elderly (seniors) generation. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified four broad domains universally relevant to the Quality of Life: physical and psychological health, social relationships, and environment. This study aims to provide an in-depth overview of the Retirement Villages in Malaysia. The objectives of this study are sets as follows: (i) To define the Elderly Quality of Life (QoL), and (ii) To determine the generational preferences features of Retirement Village in Malaysia. The Malaysian housing generations involved in this study are the Baby Boomers, Generation X (Gen-X), Generation Y (Gen-Y), and Generation Z (Gen-Z). With a mixed-methods approach, the derived findings revealed that preferred generational features of Retirement Villages are diverse for each main feature; (i) Location; (ii) Services; (iii) Design Criteria; (iv) Physical Environment; and (v) Social Activities. This study contributes more understanding of the main actors of property development and the real estate industry players on the preferred features for Retirement Villages in the Malaysian context.
Structure studies of graded amorphous carbon obtained by liquid carbon quenching
Authors: Dozhdikov V. S.  , Basharin A. Y.  , Levashov P. R.
Published: June 2023

A new method for obtaining graded amorphous carbon using quenching of a graphite melt on a diamond substrate is proposed. Using molecular dynamics modeling of liquid carbon quenching on a cold diamond substrate, it is shown that the amorphous carbon obtained in the experiment is a material with a strongly gradient structure and properties along the depth of the sample. This is due to the quenching rate decrease with the distance from the substrate in the range of 1014-1012 K/s. In this case, the density of amorphous carbon varies from 1.50 g/cm3 to 1.93 g/cm3. The spatial change in the structural characteristics of the obtained amorphous carbon was studied: the distribution of carbon atoms according to the degree of chemical bond hybridization (sp1-, sp2-, sp3-), the radial distribution function, the angular distribution function, and a statistical analysis of carbon rings were carried out. It is shown that at a pressure in liquid of 1 GPa, the carbon structure within the quenched zone changes from a highly porous structure with a large number of sp1 chains of carbon atoms near the substrate to an amorphous graphene structure at the periphery. Keywords: amorphous carbon, liquid carbon, quenching, molecular dynamics, radial distribution function.
Influence of artificial notch length in composite material on damage indicator values
Authors: Dzuba A.S.  , Eleonsky S.I.  , Pisarev V.S.  , Yashutin A.G.
Published: June 2023

Novel experimental method, which provides visualization of interference fringe patterns caused by inserting of artificial notch of prefixed length in composite material, is developed. Deformation response to local material removing is measured by electronic speckle-pattern interferometry. Interferogram interpretation in terms of in-plane displacement components produces determination of two deformation parameters. These parameters represent current damage indicators, which are essential for quantitative description of damage accumulation inherent in fatigue loading of specimens with stress concentrators. Both damage indicators are derived on a base of direct physical measurements by fringe order counting. Analysis of uncertainties in damage indicators determination, which are connected with incorrect prescribing of artificial notch length, is presented. Keywords: composite materials, speckle-pattern interferometry, artificial notch, damage indicators.
Current-voltage characteristic of the thermal ion emission of Na from the Na-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Au surface
Authors: Knatko M.V.  , Lapushkin M.N.
Published: June 2023

In a high-vacuum diode, the volt-ampere characteristic of the thermionic emission of Na+ with surface of NaxAu intermetallide. Its hysteresis was found, which is associated with changes in the surface NaxAu caused by the action of an external electric field. In accordance with the Schottky effect, analysis of the current-voltage characteristic and the value of the work function of the NaxAu surface was estimated. Suggested mechanism of thermionic emission of Na+ from the surface of NaxAu. Keywords: intermetallic compound, thermal ionization, Schottky effect.
Low-emission carbon coatings for control grids of high power vacuum devices
Authors: Yafarov R.K.  , Shabunin N. O.
Published: June 2023

The influence of the dipole polarization of carbon film coatings on their secondary electron emission has been studied. It is shown that plasma fluorination of carbon coatings with low specific surface resistance obtained in microwave plasma of low-pressure ethanol vapor increases the electron work function by 0.6 eV and reduces the secondary electron emission by more than a factor of two. The results can be used to obtain collectors and anti-emission coatings on grid electrodes of high-power electrovacuum devices in the microwave and sub-terahertz ranges. Keywords: microwave plasma, carbon film, plasma fluorination, work function, secondary electron emission.
The luminescence photostability of carbon nanodots synthesized by the plasma method from a glucose solution after UV radiation
Authors: Tyutrin A.A.  , Rakevich A. L.  , Martynovich E.F.
Published: June 2023

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) were synthesized by the microplasma method using a glucose solution as a precursor. The photoluminescence of CNDs before and after UV irradiation was studied. The spectral and kinetic properties of the synthesized CNDs were studied using a MicroTime 200 confocal scanning luminescence microscope. It was experimentally demonstrated that the short component (tau1) of luminescence refers to C=O bonds on the CND surface. A significant decrease in the luminescence intensity of CNDs after UV irradiation due to a decrease in oxygen-containing groups on the surface of carbon dots was found. Keywords: Luminescence, carbon nanodots, photostability, time-correlated photon counting.
Discharge of heavy noble gases induced by pulsed gyrotron radiation with 1 THz frequency
Authors: Veselov A. P.  , Sidorov A. V.  , Kalynov Yu. K.  , Vodopyanov A. V.
Published: June 2023

In this work, gas discharge ignited by girotron radiation with frequency 1 THz was carried out. Breakdown curves were calculated both for selfignited and initiated discharges. There was shown that in a case of breakdown by the pulse radiation with duration longer than several microseconds electric field threshold is the same as in a case of continuous wave breakdown. Also, the possibility of using a terahertz gyrotron as a radiation source for discharge in gas targets on installations for extreme ultraviolet photolithography was assessed. Keywords: girotron, terahertz breakdown, extreme ultraviolet lithography.
Study of cavitation noise without subharmonics
Authors: Kotukhov A. V  , Efremov D. V.  , Bannikova I. A.  , Bayandin Yu. V.  , Uvarov S. V.  , Naimark O. B.  , Zharko N. A.  , Dezhkunov N. V.
Published: June 2023

The evolution of the cavitation noise (CN) spectra in the field of a focusing emitter with an increase in the intensity of ultrasound (US) was studied. Spectra without subharmonics f0/2 were recorded for the first time, where f0 is the frequency of the ultrasound generating cavitation,. Such a spectrum is observed in partially degassed water at a high duty cycle of ultrasonic pulses. The threshold for the appearance of sonoluminescence (SL) coincides with the threshold for the appearance of the frequency f0/2 in the CR spectrum. In a pulsed field at an ultrasonic intensity much higher than the cavitation threshold, the SL intensity increases with an increase in the duty cycle of the pulses, while the intensity of the f0/2 line in the CS spectrum decreases. Keywords: sonoluminescence, subharmonics.
Public Opinions About Palliative and End-of-Life Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Twitter-Based Content Analysis
Authors: Wang Yijun , Chukwusa Emeka , Koffman Jonathan , Curcin Vasa
Published: June 2023

Background

Palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC) played a critical role in relieving distress and providing grief support in response to the heavy toll caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about public opinions concerning PEoLC during the pandemic. Given that social media have the potential to collect real-time public opinions, an analysis of this evidence is vital to guide future policy-making.

Objective

This study aimed to use social media data to investigate real-time public opinions regarding PEoLC during the COVID-19 crisis and explore the impact of vaccination programs on public opinions about PEoLC.

Methods

This Twitter-based study explored tweets across 3 English-speaking countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. From October 2020 to March 2021, a total of 7951 PEoLC-related tweets with geographic tags were retrieved and identified from a large-scale COVID-19 Twitter data set through the Twitter application programming interface. Topic modeling realized through a pointwise mutual information–based co-occurrence network and Louvain modularity was used to examine latent topics across the 3 countries and across 2 time periods (pre- and postvaccination program periods).

Results

Commonalities and regional differences among PEoLC topics in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada were identified specifically: cancer care and care facilities were of common interest to the public across the 3 countries during the pandemic; the public expressed positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine and highlighted the protection it affords to PEoLC professionals; and although Twitter users shared their personal experiences about PEoLC in the web-based community during the pandemic, this was more prominent in the United States and Canada. The implementation of the vaccination programs raised the profile of the vaccine discussion; however, this did not influence public opinions about PEoLC.

Conclusions

Public opinions on Twitter reflected a need for enhanced PEoLC services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The insignificant impact of the vaccination program on public discussion on social media indicated that public concerns regarding PEoLC continued to persist even after the vaccination efforts. Insights gleaned from public opinions regarding PEoLC could provide some clues for policy makers on how to ensure high-quality PEoLC during public health emergencies. In this post–COVID-19 era, PEoLC professionals may wish to continue to examine social media and learn from web-based public discussion how to ease the long-lasting trauma caused by this crisis and prepare for public health emergencies in the future. Besides, our results showed social media’s potential in acting as an effective tool to reflect public opinions in the context of PEoLC.
Antibacterial Activity of Bioactive Compound Produces by Endophtic Fungi Isolated from Mangifera casturi Kosterm Endemic Plant from South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Nuraini Fatia Rizki
Published: June 2023

One of promising bio-prospect as producer of an antibacterial compound is endophytic fungi that live in endemic plants. This research is aimed to evaluate the endophytic fungi antibacterial compound from Mangifera casturi, an South Kalimantan endemic plant that has ethnobotanical utilisation in the pharmaceutical field. The bioactive compounds of 13 endophytic fungi were extracted using ethyl acetate and evaluated for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured by the serial broth dilution method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to examine cell damage due to the effect of the extract. The antibacterial compounds then were detected using GC-MS analysis. The endophytic fungi were identified morphologically and molecularly based on ITS rDNA sequence. Among 13 isolates, endophytic fungi identified as Botryosphaeria rhodina AK32 able to produce antibacterial compounds that exhibited the highest activity and have a broad spectrum, moreover capable against resistant bacteria (MRSA) with 1.56% of MIC value for all of the test bacteria. AK32 ethyl acetate extract was inhibiting the cell wall synthesis and penetrate the outer membrane of bacteria. Based on GC-MS, antibacterial compounds of AK32 ethyl acetate extract were di-n-octylphthalate, phenol, 2-methyl-, 4-pentadecyne, 15-chloro-, benzeneacetonitrile, and benztriazole.
Reductive Leaching of Low-Grade Manganese Ores from Way Kanan Using Corncob As Reductant
Authors: Putri Yolanda Dwika , Astuti Widi , Lesmana Donny , Br Ginting Simparmin , Sujoto Vincent Sutresno Hadi
Published: June 2023

The processing of mining products in indonesia has not been utilized optimally. One of them is manganese ore. Way kanan is one of indonesia's potential manganese ore sites. The manganese leaching study used a -200 mesh way kanan manganese ore that was reacted with sulfuric acid at concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.5 M, and 1 M, as well as corncob as a reductant. To separate the dissolved iron in the leaching process, the manganese sulfate solution was purified with sodium hydroxide and then filtered to have a manganese sulfate solution free of iron. Manganese was precipitated using oxalic acid. The manganese oxalate precipitation was calcined at a temperature of 350 °c for two hours. The best manganese extraction obtained at 92.3% was at a sulfuric acid concentration of 1 M, a temperature of 80 °c, and a solution volume of 400 ml. Calcination of manganese oxalate converted the material into hausmannite (Mn3O4).