bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Kinematic Nature of Apparent Disks at High Redshifts: Local Counterparts are Not Dominated by Ordered Rotation but by Tangentially Anisotropic Random Motion
Authors: Wang Bitao , Peng Yingjie , Cappellari Michele , Gao Hua , Mo Houjun
Published: September 2024

It is not straightforward to physically interpret the apparent morphology of galaxies. Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) revealed a dominant galaxy population at high redshifts (z > 2) that were visually classified as disks for their flattened shapes and/or exponential light profiles. The extensively accepted interpretation is that they are dynamically cold disks supported by bulk rotation. However, it is long known that flattened shapes and exponential profiles are not exclusive for rotating disk structure. To break degeneracy and assess the rotational support of typical high-z galaxies in the JWST samples, those with active star formation and stellar masses

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, we study the kinematics of their equal-mass counterparts at z = 0. While these local star-forming low-mass galaxies are photometrically similar to real dynamically cold disks, they are not supported by ordered rotation but primarily by random motion, and their flattened shapes result largely from tangential orbital anisotropy. Given the empirical and theoretical evidence that young galaxies are dynamically hotter at higher redshifts, our results suggest that the high-z JWST galaxies may not be cold disks but are dynamically warm/hot galaxies with flattened shapes driven by anisotropy. While both have low rotational support, local low-mass galaxies possess oblate shapes, contrasting the prolate shapes (i.e., cigar like) of low-mass systems at high redshifts. Such shape transition (prolate ⇒ oblate) indicates an associated change in orbital anisotropy (radial ⇒ tangential), with roots likely in the assembly of their host dark matter halos.
Population genetics analysis of Diospyros mun A.Chev. ex Lecomte (Ebenaceae) based on EST-SSR markers derived from a novel transcriptome
Authors: Bui Xuan , Vu Duy
Published: September 2024

Diospyros mun A.Chev. ex Lecomte (Ebenaceae), a native evergreen tree in Vietnam, has important economic and ecological values. The absence of effective and reliable molecular markers has hampered the study of D. mun’s genetic diversity and population structure, even though it is an endemic and endangered species. Therefore, significant enrichment of genomic resources is urgently needed to uncover and better understand the genetic architecture of D. mun. This study aims to demonstrate an efficient and reliable tool to explore the polymorphism within D. mun germplasm. It provides a valuable platform for the breeding and conservation of this species and other endangered species worldwide. The Illumina HiSeq™ 4000 sequencing technology was applied for the transcriptomic analysis, genetic differentiation and population structure of D. mun in Vietnam. In this study, the transcriptomes of D. mun were analysed using the Illumina HiSeqTM 4000 sequencing system and a total of 5,588,615,700 base pairs were generated. De novo assembly indicated that 91,134 unigenes were generated (average length = 645.55 bp, N50 = 957 bp, Q20 = 98.08% and Q30 = 94.51%). A total of 92,798 and 21,134 unigenes had significant similarities amongst Nr and Swiss-Prot, respectively. In the GO database, 19,929 unigenes were annotated and these genes were divided into three major categories and 50 subcategories. In the KOG analysis, 18,499 unigenes were annotated and divided into 25 gene function categories. In the KEGG analysis, 12,017 unigenes were annotated. According to the related pathways involved, they could be classified into 56 subclasses. In this study, we have identified a total of 9,391 EST-SSR markers. Ten microsatellite loci were employed to assess the genetic diversity and structure of 82 adult D. mun trees across three populations in Vietnam. The results indicated moderate levels of genetic diversity with PIC = 0.77, NA = 3.9, NE = 2.8, Ho = 0.56 and HE = 0.58 and the fixation index value was recorded as positive for three populations (NS, NH and CP). Genetic differentiation among populations was low (FST = 0.045), suggesting limited gene flow (Nm = 5.34). This result indicates gene exchange between the populations of ancient D. mun from different geographical areas and regions. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that high genetic variation existed within individuals (91%) compared to amongst populations (4%). Genetic structure analysis, DAPC and the NJ tree indicated that the three populations were divided into three main clusters. With this study, we provide a molecular resoureces for the breeding and conservation of D. mun.
Interactions between invasive pests and pathogens in a native chestnut forest
Authors: Romay-Río María Flora , Castedo-Dorado Fernando , Ayres Matthew P. , Prado Alba Noelia , Lombardero María J.
Published: September 2024

The introduction in the same area of different invasive species can result in novel interactions, with unpredictable consequences. We carried out a study in Galicia (northwestern Iberian Peninsula) with the aim of clarifying the interactions between two invasive species Cryphonectria parasitica and Dryocosmus kuriphilus. In 2018, we selected five chestnut plots affected by both species. We compared trees affected only by the insect and trees affected by both the insect and the fungus with respect to attack level, gall characteristics, female size and fecundity, and concentrations of nitrogen, water and secondary metabolites. We also evaluated female preferences in a greenhouse assay. There were higher levels of attack in trees affected by both invaders. However, the greenhouse assay showed that ovipositing females do not preferentially choose trees attacked by the fungus. The presence of the fungus had no effect on the size, wall thickness, or hardness of D. kuriphilus galls, but larvae were smaller in trees also affected by the fungus. The fecundity of females was strongly related to the presence of chestnut blight; the number of eggs per female was almost double in trees affected by the fungus. There were no relations between blight and the nitrogen or water content in the galls, where the insects feed. There were also no effects of chestnut blight on the concentration of terpenes or phenols, but condensed tannins were higher in trees with chestnut blight. The higher tannins induced by chestnut blight may directly or indirectly benefit gall wasps. Positive relationships between condensed tannin concentration and reproductive performance of other gall makers were previously reported. Tannins can also improve the negative effects of environmental conditions inside the gall. Our results indicate that the presence of chestnut blight can increase the suitability of chestnut trees for the invasive insect, D. kuriphilus, through the increase in tannins due to the presence of the fungus.
Description of a new species of Chrysonotomyia Ashmead from Houston, Texas, USA (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)
Authors: O’Loughlin Brendan , Brandão-Dias Pedro F. P. , Gates Michael W. , Egan Scott P.
Published: September 2024

A new species of the genus Chrysonotomyia Ashmead, Chrysonotomyia susbellisp. nov., is described from the Rice University campus in Houston, Texas, USA. The species is a parasitoid emerging from Neuroterus nr. bussae galls in leaves of the southern live oak (Quercus virginiana). This represents the 6th species described from North America north of Mexico and the first in the world known to parasitize cynipid gall wasps. This discovery hints at an entire undiscovered niche between Chrysonotomyia parasitoids, cynipid gall wasps, and oaks in the Nearctic, which is a global biodiversity hotspot for oaks and cynipids. This new species description is complemented by mtDNA-COI-barcode data and information on the natural history of this species. We record host association, phenology, and report a leaf-scanning behavior performed by females, presumably to search for host galls. Modifications to the key of New World members of the genus (Hansson 2004) are included to integrate this new species.
L’intelligence artificielle, nouvelle interface utilisateur ?
Authors: Georget Yan
Published: September 2024

Depuis quelques années, l’internet tel que nous commencions à bien le connaître subit une profonde révolution certes technique (avec les progrès de l’intelligence artificielle), mais aussi et avant tout d’usage avec l’émergence des messageries, des agents conversationnels et assistants vocaux. Le traitement automatique du langage naturel apparu dans les années 1950 a connu ces dernières années une très forte accélération portée par les progrès de l’intelligence artificielle – en particulier par ceux de l’apprentissage profond ( deep learning ) : faute de réellement comprendre, les ordinateurs peuvent désormais voir, entendre et parler ! Nous pensons que la conjonction de ces deux phénomènes va profondément et durablement bouleverser une interaction entre l’homme et la machine qui va vers toujours plus de dématérialisation.
Comprendre les habitudes des consommateurs grâce à l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Ollion Charles
Published: September 2024

Les avancées de l’intelligence artificielle (IA), en particulier l’apprentissage profond, permettent de créer de nouvelles applications dans le secteur du commerce. En particulier, l’IA permet l’analyse de gros volumes de données de nature très hétérogène, telles que du texte, des images, des comportements utilisateurs, des séries temporelles… Nous entrons dans une ère où l’analyse de ces données de consommation par l’intelligence artificielle va devenir primordiale. Cette approche a déjà permis à la recommandation et la publicité ultra-ciblée de se développer. Une partie de ces approches va cependant être limitée par des réglementations sur les données personnelles. Demain, l’IA va permettre d’analyser des millions de données pour doter les marques d’une capacité d’analyse systématique et data-driven des tendances de leur marché. Ce processus, qui n’implique pas de stocker ou de vendre la donnée personnelle, sera inclus dans chacune des décisions de la marque. Tout en veillant aux enjeux éthiques liés à l’utilisation des données personnelles, les industries et marques vont devoir inclure l’intelligence artificielle dans leurs processus de décision, d’achat, de vente et de marketing pour rester compétitives.
La dynamique stratégique des plateformes digitales : analyse du marché de la formation en ligne
Authors: Acquatella François
Published: September 2024

Les plateformes sont de nouvelles organisations singulières qui jouent un rôle central dans l’architecture des différents marchés auxquels elles s’adressent, le marché de la formation en est un exemple caractéristique. Ces organisations relèvent d’un nouveau paradigme de développement économique fondé sur des stratégies de captation et de création de valeur spécifiques au numérique. Ainsi, les récents modèles d’affaires observés sur le marché de la formation se développent autour d’un modèle de plateforme « à deux versants » leur permettant d’offrir simultanément un intérêt d’usage pour deux catégories d’agents « faces », représentant autant de versants d’un marché biface. Toutefois, le développement croissant du nombre de plateformes digitales dans la sphère éducative renvoie à une pluralité de stratégies au levier de l’exploitation des données recueillies et de leur médiation algorithmique. Cet article vise à en analyser les spécificités, à travers l’identification de leurs attributs techno-stratégiques différenciateurs.
Gallica, mine d’or et source de culture
Authors: Beaufort Arnaud
Published: September 2024

La bibliothèque numérique Gallica, nourrie par les ressources de la Bibliothèque nationale de France et de plus de 400 partenaires, donne librement accès à plus de 6 millions de documents. Sa mise en ligne en 1997 a contribué à un renouvellement des rapports aux contenus, en particulier pour le grand public (dont les accès au patrimoine se sont diversifiés) et, bien sûr, pour les chercheurs. Afin de toujours mieux s’inscrire au cœur du Web, sur la route des internautes, Gallica se recompose sans cesse. Il s’agit à la fois de référencer les documents en parlant le langage des moteurs, de construire des communautés d’utilisateurs – et de bâtisseurs à travers le dispositif des marques blanches – qui fonctionneront autant comme des relais que comme des catalyseurs, et d’éclairer la collection en mobilisant l’intelligence humaine. Le service public qui se dessine ainsi constitue un terreau pour le patrimoine numérique à venir, tant en matière de contenus qu’en termes d’exploration et d’appropriation.
L’archivage du Web ou le Web comme mémoire des sociétés contemporaines
Authors: Chautemps Alexandre
Published: September 2024

De plus en plus, nous vivons sur le Web. Une part croissante des discussions, de la production d’idées, de l’activité artistique se déroule sur le Web et ne fait plus l’objet de publications imprimées. Pourtant, la pérennité des ressources disponibles sur le Web n’est pas garantie. Une page accessible aujourd’hui sur le Web pourra, dans quelques années, être devenue introuvable. D’où la nécessité de préserver le Web dans des archives fiables, capables de reproduire un comportement le plus proche possible de celui du Web vivant. Ces archives constitueront des sources essentielles pour les chercheurs qui, demain ou après-demain, travailleront sur notre époque. Les chercheurs d’aujourd’hui ont d’ailleurs déjà commencé… Dans cet article, nous proposons un bref historique de l’activité d’archivage du Web, tout en évoquant les diverses questions et problématiques soulevées par cette activité. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons à divers projets de recherche prenant pour matériau privilégié les archives Web et tentons d’esquisser quelques pistes pour l’avenir.
Qualité, équité, transparence, vérification et explicabilité des décisions algorithmiques
Authors: Abiteboul Serge
Published: September 2024

Nous considérons des aspects, surtout techniques, de la qualité, l’équité, la transparence, et l’explicabilité des décisions algorithmiques.
La numérisation à marche forcée du système de santé face à la Covid-19
Authors: Ronai Maurice
Published: September 2024

La pandémie de Covid-19 est la première crise sanitaire gérée numériquement. De bout en bout. Enfin presque. Et souvent, dans la douleur. Pour désengorger le 15, le SAMU et les hôpitaux, pour gérer les ressources (lits, médicaments, renforts, tests…), pour partager (localement, régionalement) ou remonter nationalement les données, les hôpitaux, les services d’urgence, les agences, les médecins de ville ont basculé, à marche forcée, dans le numérique. Et, à leur suite, les patients. Tel un crash test , cette crise a mis en relief la tentation de traiter chaque enjeu par un système d’information spécifique, des manques cruels d’interopérabilité et l’importance des chantiers, comme l’identifiant national de santé (INS) ou celui d’espace numérique de santé (ENS), prévus dans la feuille de route du numérique en santé « Accélérer le virage numérique ». Une feuille de route dont la crise sanitaire n’a pas ralenti le déploiement.
La construction accélérée d’un système d’information épidémiologique
Authors: Ronai Maurice
Published: September 2024

L’émergence du SARS-CoV-2 a pris de court le système de surveillance épidémiologique. Il a fallu, en quelques semaines, adapter des systèmes d’information déjà existants, les faire converger, mais aussi en créer de nouveaux, de toutes pièces, et en urgence. Autant de systèmes d’information, d’applications, de questionnaires et d’enquêtes qui ont, progressivement, permis de rendre visibles les tensions hospitalières, la mortalité, la circulation virale, sa cinétique et sa répartition géographique, les clusters , le déploiement des campagnes de tests, puis celui de la campagne vaccinale, l’émergence ou la propagation des variants. Même si des zones d’ombre subsistent, même si des bugs surviennent fréquemment, ces données et ces indicateurs permettent désormais, tant bien que mal, aux responsables nationaux et locaux de prendre des décisions informées, de répondre à la demande du public, de la communauté scientifique, des médias, et des professionnels de santé. Et de nourrir le débat public.
Des visières à haut débit : un regard sociologique sur la mobilisation des makers face à la crise sanitaire
Authors: Chalet Léo , Dutilleul Maxence , Fages Volny , Gayoso Émile
Published: September 2024

Au printemps 2020, peu après l’annonce du premier confinement, un large mouvement de solidarité a mobilisé la communauté des makers qui s’est rapidement auto-organisée pour produire du matériel médical. Leur action la plus spectaculaire fut la production et la distribution gratuite, en quelques semaines, de centaines de milliers de visières de protection aux populations les plus exposées. Ce texte retrace l’émergence du mouvement en soulignant le rôle central joué par les dispositifs numériques dans l’organisation de l’action, dans la nature des échanges qui ont accompagné celle-ci, et dans la construction d’un espace public numérique convivial malgré la situation de confinement qui empêche les rencontres en face-à-face. Par des usages détournés de plateformes préexistantes, les makers se sont approprié des outils numériques, adaptant leur utilisation aux besoins et aux contraintes émergeant au fil de la crise.
L’intégration des équipements numériques dans les systèmes électriques : quelques enjeux de politique publique pour l’Europe
Authors: Geoffron Patrice
Published: September 2024

Les TIC (technologies de l’information et de la communication) constituent un levier de la lutte contre le changement climatique, à la condition que les gains induits ne soient pas annulés par les impacts environnementaux du numérique. Cette problématique fait l’objet d’un débat nourri pour déterminer si la relative stabilité de la consommation électrique des équipements TIC, observée durant les années 2010, peut être prolongée durant la décennie qui s’ouvre. Ces interrogations trouvent un point de focalisation sur le secteur des data centers qui, en Europe, constituent la seule activité électro-intensive à forte croissance. Nous analysons ici les déterminants de l’efficacité énergétique des centres de données, à la fois au niveau des équipements et en fonction des conditions de leur intégration dans les systèmes locaux d’énergie (électricité, mais aussi réseaux de chaleur) et de télécommunications (fibre, en particulier). Nous soulignons enfin l’objectif européen de neutralité carbone des data centers en 2030, et la complexité d’une telle ambition.
Le numérique, facteur de succès de la mobilité électrique
Authors: Gad Jean-Rémy , Moreau Marc
Published: September 2024

Les ventes de véhicules électriques ont fortement progressé, mais leur usage généralisé se heurte encore à des freins, pour l’essentiel du côté de l’infrastructure de charge. Le numérique et la donnée jouent un rôle-clé pour mieux concevoir et mieux opérer ces infrastructures en cohérence avec le reste du système électrique, et pour simplifier l’expérience client.
La formation en réalité augmentée et mondes virtuels
Authors: Lavallard Jean-Michel
Published: September 2024

La formation en réalité augmentée et en mondes virtuels (RA / MV) est une approche innovante de l’apprentissage, qui utilise des technologies de pointe pour créer des environnements virtuels dans lesquels les apprenants peuvent acquérir des compétences et des connaissances dans des situations simulées. Cette technologie offre des avantages significatifs, notamment l’immersion, la répétabilité, la sécurité et la personnalisation. Cependant, la mise en place de ces simulations peut être coûteuse et complexe, nécessitant des équipements technologiques avancés. Des études scientifiques ont montré que la formation en RA / MV peut améliorer la compréhension des concepts techniques chez les étudiants en ingénierie, améliorer la performance des étudiants en médecine dans la reconnaissance des maladies, améliorer la motivation des apprenants, et améliorer les compétences de collaboration et de communication des étudiants en ingénierie. Cependant, certains problèmes potentiels, tels que les nausées et les maux de tête, ont également été signalés.
L’adoption du métavers : les mondes virtuels et l’industrie du luxe
Authors: Mensah Nelly
Published: September 2024

LVMH explore le potentiel des mondes virtuels pour se connecter avec les clients et augmenter la désirabilité de ses marques. LVMH considère les mondes virtuels comme un moyen d’attirer les jeunes générations adeptes de la technologie, ainsi que d’établir des connexions plus émotionnelles avec les clients, le marché du métavers étant prédit à plus de 1 billion de dollars de revenus annuels d’ici la prochaine décennie. LVMH explore trois domaines clés dans son approche des mondes virtuels : impliquer la prochaine génération sur des plateformes de métavers établies et émergentes ; rendre ses propres plateformes plus immersives ; et l’utilisation de “digital twins”. Cependant, les défis comprennent la navigation dans le paysage réglementaire des mondes virtuels, la nécessité de reproduire l’artisanat et l’art de la version physique au virtuel, et l’adoption limitée de la réalité virtuelle.
Effet des mondes virtuels sur l’enquête judiciaire
Authors: Caron Noémie
Published: September 2024

Les mondes virtuels amènent avec eux de nouvelles formes d’infractions et de cybermenaces spécifiques. Ils accentuent le déséquilibre entre la toute-puissance des géants du numérique, et la nécessité d’adapter la justice et ses institutions. Afin d’assurer la souveraineté numérique française, le cadre légal doit s’adapter à ces nouveaux enjeux.
La lamentation funèbre et les origines des spectacles tragiques
Authors: Reina Li Crapi Vincenzo
Published: September 2024

Cette étude vise à mettre en exergue l’importance matricielle des pleurs rituels à l’égard de la tragédie grecque et du théâtre médiéval de la Passion . D’abord, le lien entre la tragédie grecque et le thrène nous permet de renvoyer à une tradition théâtrale qui porte les marques d’un rituel lié auparavant aux lamentations funèbres relatives à une passion végétale. Ensuite, on essayera de montrer que les différentes nuances de la douleur exprimées par Marie dans le théâtre de la Passion sont surtout débitrices des manifestations populaires du deuil.
Trois romans de la persécution : La Plaisanterie de Kundera, La Tache de Roth et Disgrâce de Coetzee
Authors: Fougère Éric
Published: September 2024

Le rapprochement de Kundera, Roth et Coetzee s’impose en raison de la façon que leur écriture a de présenter des situations de vie conditionnées par l’Histoire et les questions de société mais dont les personnages ont une individualité qui n’entend pas se faire enfermer dans une identité. C’est au nom de cette identité qu’ils sont persécutés mais c’est au nom d’une certaine idée de la littérature et de l’humanité qu’ils deviennent eux-mêmes en se dépassant dans l’acceptation d’un destin.
Construire un corpus comparatiste extra-européen : un essai ( Les Carnets du sous-sol de Fédor Dostoïevski, La Chouette aveugle de Sadegh Hedayat, Vatandas de Tahsin Yücel, La Clef de Junichirô Tanizaki)
Authors: Duclos Élise
Published: September 2024

Identifiant le temps présent comme un kairos comparatiste, lié à la constitution d’une « Weltliteratur enfin complète » et à la réhabilitation du texte traduit, cet article propose un essai de comparatisme extra-européen ou « intra-asiatique », à partir d’un corpus constitué des Carnets du sous-sol de Dostoïevski, de La Chouette aveugle de Sadegh Hedayat, de La Clef de Tanizaki et de Vatandas de Tahsin Yücel. Le « jeu d’échelles » nous permettra de « construire des comparables », du macro- de l’histoire comparée à l’échelle textuelle des scénographies énonciatives, jusqu’à la microlecture de lexèmes. Cette expérience comparatiste présente un double bénéfice heuristique : celui de faire ressortir des comparables entre littératures extra-européennes, et de nous faire pénétrer dans la fabrique historique et poétique des modernités non occidentales.
Respect des mesures sanitaires contre le COVID-19 : n’oublions pas le principe de précaution
Authors: Duchêne Sébastien , Boyer-Kassem Thomas , Rafaï Ismaël
Published: September 2024

Quels facteurs peuvent prédire qu’une personne respectera les mesures sanitaires liées au COVID-19, comme le port du masque ou le confinement ? Cet article examine la précaution des individus, en mesurant leur degré d’adhésion déclaré au principe de précaution. Ce dernier est particulièrement pertinent pour les situations liées au COVID-19, car il stipule que, face à un risque potentiellement important, des mesures devraient être prises quand bien même les relations de causalité n’auraient pas été scientifiquement totalement établies. Nous avons réalisé une enquête en ligne auprès d’un échantillon représentatif (N = 1 154) de la population française en mai 2020. Les résultats montrent, même après avoir contrôlé l’aversion au risque, que l’adhésion au principe de précaution est positivement corrélée au respect de chacune des six mesures sanitaires considérées.
Quand trouble de l’attachement et isomorphismes s’entremêlent, les équipes se désaccordent. Analyse d’une situation clinique
Authors: Meynckens-Fourez Muriel , Maquoi Carole
Published: September 2024

Les auteures dressent le portrait d’un enfant de 6 ans, placé en institution pour maltraitance, et de sa famille. Elles décrivent les enjeux révélés ou déclenchés par son placement en famille d’accueil d’urgence à la sortie du service résidentiel général (SRG) dans lequel il vivait. Elles se questionnent sur les dynamiques en jeu et sur ce qui peut, dans des situations semblables, guider les positionnements et les prises de décision. Comment adopter une juste distance ? Comment penser les enjeux familiaux mais aussi entre professionnels ? Comment penser les rivalités déployées autour de cet enfant ? Quelles balises pouvons-nous utiliser dans ces situations qui viennent nous percuter sur le plan émotionnel ? Comment prendre en compte les enjeux de filiation dans des situations de maltraitance ?
Guoquan Shihui
Authors: Wang Yiru
Published: September 2024

This case study examines Guo Quan Shi Hui, a prominent player in China's new retail and prepared food market. Founded by Mingchao Yang, Guo Quan Shi Hui revolutionized the hotpot industry through innovative supply chain management and digital integration. Yang's journey from a night market entrepreneur to a billionaire showcases his strategic vision for building a robust logistics system, collaborating with over 266 ODM plants, and implementing cold chain technology for freshness. The case details Guo Quan Shi Hui's expansion from a small retail outlet to a nationwide network of 10,000 stores, leveraging multi-platform marketing strategies, including TikTok, for consumer engagement. It explores the company's franchise model success, online-offline integration, and plans for global expansion. Guo Quan Shi Hui's story underscores its leadership for blending traditional cuisine with modern business practices, setting a benchmark for industry transformation and consumer-centric innovation.
Jiuxian
Authors: Li Ziyi
Published: September 2024

This case study examines Jiuxian's transformative journey within China's competitive liquor distribution industry, focusing on its innovative strategies and evolution into an omnichannel powerhouse. Founded in 2009 by Hao Hongfeng, Jiuxian capitalised on the burgeoning e-commerce landscape, pioneering online liquor retailing in a market traditionally dominated by offline channels. Through strategic partnerships and aggressive expansion, Jiuxian established itself as a leader, leveraging its online platform and a nationwide network of offline stores branded as “Jiuxian International Wine & Spirit Centre.” The case explores Jiuxian's adaptation to market shifts, including its embrace of new retail concepts and integration of live-streaming commerce to engage a younger consumer base. Despite challenges like financial setbacks and IPO delays, Jiuxian's resilience and strategic vision have positioned it at the forefront of China's liquor retail sector, setting a benchmark for omnichannel excellence and market innovation.
Wenheyou
Authors: Chen Ke
Published: September 2024

This case study explores Wenheyou, a pioneering culinary brand in Changsha, China, founded by Wen Bin. Positioned at the intersection of nostalgia-driven consumption and urban cultural preservation, Wenheyou exemplifies a strategic blend of culinary innovation and emotional engagement. Targeting young consumers, particularly post-80s and post-90s, Wenheyou revives Changsha's cultural memories through themed dining complexes like Super Wenheyou, integrating local specialties and immersive historical settings. The case delves into Wen Bin's entrepreneurial journey, from humble beginnings with a skewer stall to establishing Asia's largest lobster restaurant and expanding into multi-floor cultural hubs. Through detailed analysis of Wenheyou's market positioning, operational strategies, and community engagement initiatives, the study illustrates how Wenheyou has transformed into a symbol of Changsha's cultural identity, fostering deep consumer connections and contributing to local cultural revitalization efforts.
Weride
Authors: Feng Shuyi
Published: September 2024

The case study explores WeRide, a leading innovator in autonomous driving technology, tracing its journey from inception to becoming a global powerhouse in the autonomous vehicle industry. Founded by Xu Han, WeRide has strategically positioned itself through significant investments, strategic partnerships with global giants like Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance, and continuous technological advancements. The case examines WeRide's growth strategies, including product diversification into Robotaxis, Robobuses, and Robovans, as well as its expansion into international markets with operations spanning 26 cities globally. Highlighting key figures such as Xu Han and Hua Zhong, the study delves into their pivotal roles in driving WeRide's technological evolution and market dominance. It discusses prospects, including upcoming technologies like WeRide Sensor Suite 5.2 and strategic alliances with major travel platforms. WeRide's journey highlights their dedication to revolutionizing transportation through advanced self-driving technology and valuable international collaborations.
Zuoyebang
Authors: Zhou Sijing
Published: September 2024

This case study examines Zuoyebang's strategic evolution from an online education platform to a leader in intelligent education hardware amidst transformative industry shifts and regulatory challenges in China. Founded by Hou Jianbin in 2015 as a spinoff from Baidu, Zuoyebang initially focused on providing K12 students with homework assistance. Overcoming industry crises and regulatory changes, the company pivoted towards developing AI-powered learning devices, leveraging its extensive data resources and market insights. The case details Zuoyebang's strategic decisions, including extensive financing rounds, workforce expansion to over 30,000 employees, and the launch of successful intelligent hardware products. It also explores future directions, such as expanding offline sales channels and continuous product innovation, highlighting Zuoyebang's adaptation to market demands and technological advancements in the education sector.
Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Lightweight Concrete Reinforced by Metalized Plastic Waste Fibers
Authors: Chakhari Maher , Salem Nawel , Idir Rachida , Neji Jamel
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the impact of adding metalized plastic waste (MPW) fibers to lightweight concrete that is used as a filler material in building slopes and bridge ramps. The goal is to open up new opportunities for recycling plastic waste and promote a more sustainable and productive construction industry. This study examined the mechanical behavior of lightweight concrete (LC) at 3, 28, and 90 days, both with and without MPW fiber (1%, 2%, and 3%). Compression tests, 3-point bending tests, and pull-out tests were used to measure the fibers' compressive strength, flexural strength, and maximum load-bearing capacity, respectively. According to the results, the compressive strength (CS) and elasticity modulus (MOE) decreased with increasing fiber content when MPW fiber was added. In the long term, the CS and MOE decrease for the LC containing 3% MPW fiber was 8% and 7%, respectively, lower than for the control concrete. At 90 days, the flexural strength of the LC with 1% MPW fiber was marginally higher than that of the control concrete, rising by 2.40%. After this initial rise, however, the flexural strength declined as the fiber concentration increased, eventually reaching an 8% reduction for LC with 3% MPW fiber.The optimum method for determining maximal load-bearing and comprehending the deformation mechanism is hence the fiber pull-out test. The microstructure study of the LC examined how the pull-out test affected the quality of bonding at fiber-matrix interfaces. The tensile and flexural strength of lightweight concrete are enhanced by MPW fiber's ability to bear significant pulling stress.
Cross Cultural Adaptation of the ‘Comprehensive Evaluation of Use of Technology in Education’ Instrument for Use Among the Sinhala Speaking Nursing Students in Sri Lanka
Authors: Sampath P. A. U. , Warnakulasuriya S. S. P.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, several educational technologies were introduced in nursing schools in Sri Lanka without evaluating their effectiveness. However, there was a paucity of tools to assess nursing students’ perceptions of these technologies. Therefore, this study aimed to translate and adapt the ‘Comprehensive Evaluation of Use of Technology in Education (CEUTIE) instrument, developed in a previous study, into Sinhala culture for use among the Sinhala-speaking nursing students in Sri Lanka, with the permission of its’ developers.Methods: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Sinhala version of the CEUTIE instrument was done, following the phases according to the model, developed in a previous study. The content validity ratio and the content validity index were calculated before the pre-testing phase. As suggested by Beaton at el. (2000), pre-testing was done at the School of Nursing, Galle, by randomly selecting 31 nursing students. During the pretesting process, 31 students, were asked to categorize each questionnaire item on a dichotomous scale as ‘clear’ or ‘unclear’. Both meanings of items and responses were explored. The distribution of responses was evaluated for a high proportion of missing items and the repetition of single responses. Thereafter psychometric properties of the translated instrument were assessed by randomly selected another 200 nursing students from the School of Nursing, Galle, from June 2023 to July 2024. Only 152 (76%) nursing students responded and those responses were used for assessing the psychometric properties of the instrument. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha value) and item correlations for each questionnaire item score with the total score were calculated for all responses of the respondents.Results: Pre-final Sinhala version of the CEUTIE instrument received a maximum content validity ratio of 1.0 for all the items and a maximum content validity index for all individual items of 1.0. Cronbach's Alpha value for all 28 items in the instrument was 0.98. Correlations for each questionnaire item score with the total score were higher than the r table product moment of 0.16 (p < 0.001).Conclusions: The cross-culturally adapted Sinhala version of the CEUTIE instrument was reliable and valid to use, for Sinhala-speaking nursing students in Sri Lanka.
Predicting the Intention to Adapt Non-Financial Reporting in Sri Lankan Companies: A Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Sujenthini Y. , Jayawardhana J. R. N. N.
Published: September 2024

The current society is more concerned about the environment and society due to several issues that arise in these areas. Therefore, they expect more information from organizations other than the information given through their traditional financial reporting. Most organizations around the world adapt to non-financial reporting as a response. However, the true determinants of non-financial reporting in Sri Lankan companies remain unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to answer, “Do attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral control influence the intention to adopt non-financial reporting in Sri Lankan companies?”. The study was designed as a quantitative study and data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was developed based on the theory of planned behaviour. The managers, and accountants of publicly listed companies, private companies, and state-owned companies were considered as the respondents of the study. The study used 190 responses for the analysis The results of the regression analysis indicated that, even though all three factors positively affect the intention to adapt to non-financial reporting, only subjective norms are the factor that has a significant impact on adaptation to non-financial reporting in the Sri Lankan context. This may be due to the novelty of the practice of non-financial reporting in the Sri Lankan context. Managers and accountants might still be forming their own attitudes that have less impact but feel strong pressure from external forces to adopt them. Therefore, the direction of future studies should align with exploring the reasons for less impact of attitudes and behavioral control on the intention of adaptation to non-financial reporting in Sri Lanka.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Crowdfunding as a Source of Funding Among SMEs in Colombo Region in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando S. P. , Pretheeba P.
Published: September 2024

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are regarded as the backbone of economies, whether it is just for a single state or country or if considered for the globe as a whole. There are many challenges that SMEs face one of which is the financial aspect such as insufficient access to financial resources and investment capital can be a significant barrier to the growth of these SMEs. There is a suitable new way funding for this problem that is emerging in the modern world known as crowd-funding. This method mostly involves using the internet to collect money in small and medium amounts from several individuals thereby collecting the needed capital. Therefore, this study focuses on the factors affecting adoption of crowdfunding as a source of funding among SMEs in Colombo region.
Impact of occurrence of Amblyseius andersoni (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two native phytoseiid (Mesostigmata) mites in a Japanese apple (Rosacaea) orchard
Authors: Funayama Ken
Published: September 2024

In 2014, Amblyseius andersoni (Acari: Phytoseiidae), was newly discovered in apple (Rosacaea) orchards in central Japan. In 2022, I found A. andersoni on leaves in an apple orchard in northern Japan. Amblyseius andersoni had been not observed in the orchard until at least 2018; only Neoseiulus womersleyi and Typhlodromus vulgaris (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), both of which are native to Japan, had been observed on apple leaves. To understand the impact of A. andersoni on the two phytoseiid mite species, I compared the seasonal occurrences of the phytoseiid species and of Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in the orchard in 2018 and 2022. In both years, T. urticae numbers increased from mid-July to early August and then rapidly decreased with increasing N. womersleyi numbers. Mean total occurrence numbers of N. womersleyi and of T. urticae did not differ significantly between the two years. Amblyseius andersoni occurrence therefore likely had little impact on seasonal N. womersleyi occurrence. In contrast, in 2018, many T. vulgaris individuals were observed from August onwards, when T. urticae numbers had decreased, but T. vulgaris was seldom observed in 2022, although many A. andersoni were, suggesting that A. andersoni likely displaced T. vulgaris in the apple orchard.
An Experimental Study of Stacked Rotor Tip Vortex Interaction in Hover
Authors: Johnson Chloe , Sirohi Jayant
Published: September 2024

Measurements were made using flow visualization to track the blade tip vortices of a 1.108−m radius stacked rotor in hover. Vortex measurements of an isolated, two‐bladed rotor were also made and correlated with the Landgrebe wake model. When a second rotor was introduced to the
system, the interaction between the upper and lower rotor vortices resulted in deviations from the Landgrebe wake model. Changing the azimuthal spacing revealed large changes in the trajectory of the upper and lower rotor vortices, particularly at small, negative azimuthal spacings. The miss
distance, or distance between a rotor blade and vortex, was measured. Positive miss distances where the lower rotor blade passed below the upper rotor tip vortex were associated with greater noise between 1 and 5 kHz, possibly from turbulent boundary layer noise or blade vortex interaction
noise. The greatest performance and lowest broadband noise corresponded with large miss distance and minimal vortex‐vortex interaction, which occurred at an azimuthal spacing of −45°. The tip vortex trajectory, and thus miss distance, could be modified by utilizing differential
collective. This resulted in a 4.5−dB reduction in broadband noise at negative differential collectives by allowing the lower rotor blade to pass above the upper rotor vortex and achieving negative miss distances. At azimuthal spacings where the miss distance was always negative, the
airfoil self-noise dictated the broadband noise level.
A tale of A1298C mutation and recurrent Pulmonary Embolism: a rare association
Authors: Vij Harsh , Mehdi Rizvi Syed Haider
Published: September 2024

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) and Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) represent critical manifestations within the spectrum of Venous Thromboembolic Disease (VTE). The MTHFR A1298C gene mutation occurs in approximately 7% to 12% of individuals in North America, Europe, and Australia. It is less prevalent among Hispanic populations, with a frequency of 4% to 5%, and even lower in Chinese and Asian populations, where it ranges from 1% to 4%.
A 50-year-old male with a history of recurrent PE and long-term anticoagulation, despite effective anticoagulation, was not getting relieved. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous MTHFR A1298C mutation which is very rare and elevated serum homocysteine levels, contributing to a hypercoagulable state. Comprehensive evaluation and management are essential to prevent further thromboembolic events in such patients.
Advancing SDGs and performance management strategies for security personnel in higher education
Authors: Shankar Nikkita G. , Ramsaroop Anisha
Published: September 2024

Orientation: Performance management aligns individual and organisational goals, enhancing employee motivation, sustaining organisational success.Research purpose: The study aimed to investigate challenges experienced by security managers with performance management systems in a tertiary institution in Durban, South Africa.Motivation for the study: Understanding challenges delivers insights to advance organisational effectiveness, support sustainable development, and enhance human resources (HR) practices in the higher education security sector.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative approach was used. Twelve security managers were purposively selected for semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and NVivo software.Main findings: The study identified three challenges, namely inadequate training, education, development and communication, technological barriers and low computer literacy, limited resource allocation, inconsistent rewards, and a lack of transparency. These challenges were found to hinder performance management system application, reducing employee engagement and productivity.Practical/managerial implications: The study recommends the institution increase adult basic education and training in technological skills and literacy. Enhancing feedback mechanisms, conducting performance needs assessments, and implementing fair reward strategies may improve sustainable development of performance management practices.Contribution/value-add: The study advocates for practical strategies in response to the challenges faced by security managers to enhance performance aligned with sustainable development goals 4 (quality education), 8 (decent work and economic growth), 10 (reduced inequalities) and 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions), contributing to sustainable HR, embracing contextualised performance management application in developing countries.
Reorientation of Basic Medical Education Curriculum to Primary Healthcare: University of Southeastern Philippines School of Medicine
Authors: Guillano Franklin Britan , Guillano Victoria PatiÑo
Published: September 2024

The University of Southeastern Philippines School of Medicine is reorienting its curriculum to emphasize primary health care (PHC), in response to the Universal Health Care Act (RA 11223) and the Department of Health-Commission on Higher Education (CHED)-Professional Regulation Commission Joint Administrative Order 2021-0001. This initiative includes embedding PHC principles across all educational levels through new modules, extensive faculty training workshops, and the development of a primary care facility for hands-on training. Educational strategies, such as case-based collaborative learning, promote active, learner-centered education and practical PHC concept application. The curriculum emphasizes community-based education, interdisciplinary collaboration, and preventive medicine. Faculty development features regular training and mentorship programs to ensure educators are well-equipped to teach PHC principles. Success is assessed through academic evaluations, student self-assessments, and stakeholder feedback. Future success can also be measured by the students’ performance in the physician’s licensure examinations and the number of graduates who eventually decide to practice in the community. Despite challenges such as resistance to change and resource limitations, strategic planning and stakeholder engagement support successful integration. The project began in 2022 and will span several years for full implementation and evaluation.
Maternal Care of Preterm Infants after Discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Rapid Review
Authors: Opoto Elvorah W. , Ogaji Daprim S. , Ugege Elsie O. , Eleke Chinemerem , Samuel Joy C.
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The maternal care of infants poses a unique challenge for mothers, especially after discharge from the hospital. This review focused on the literature on maternal care of preterm infants at home after discharge from the hospital’s Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). A comprehensive literature search was conducted using keywords relevant to the topic. PubMed and EBSCO essential databases were searched for studies published between 2017 and 2023 (six years). Out of the 2903 retrieved studies, 7 were eligible and included in the review. The quality of available evidence was assessed using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence Appraisal Tool (JHNEAT) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. This review found that exclusive breastfeeding rates for preterm infants at home varied from 27% to 76% (Pooled prevalence of 48%) in data extracted from the studies conducted in Ethiopia (Africa), Brazil (South America), USA (North America), Denmark, and Italy (Europe). The practice of kangaroo mother care (KMC) for temperature regulation ranged from 41% to 83% (Pooled prevalence of 63%) in data extracted from studies conducted in Ethiopia (Africa) and Denmark (Europe). The review concluded that the care provided by mothers at home after discharge from the NICU was inadequate. Maternal and child health services providers should develop social media platforms to educate and encourage mothers to sustain exclusive breastfeeding and KMC practices after leaving the NICU.