bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive flexibility improves memory for delayed intentions
Authors: Koslov Seth R. , Mukerji Arjun , Hedgpeth Katlyn Rose , Lewis-Peacock Jarrod
Published: October 2018

Cognitive control involves the allocation of cognitive resources in order to successfully navigate and interact with the world. Oftentimes, control involves balancing the demands brought on by performing immediately relevant tasks and those required in order to perform future intended actions. For example, directing attention towards navigating through traffic on a highway while also needing to remember to exit the freeway at a particular street. This ability to delay execution of a goal until the appropriate time in the future is referred to as prospective memory (PM). The dual mechanisms of cognitive control (DMC) framework posits that individuals can use two different strategies to remember an intended action: a proactive control strategy involving working memory maintenance of the goal and monitoring of the environment, or a reactive control strategy relying on timely retrieval of goal information from episodic memory. Previous research on prospective memory has demonstrated that performance improves when individuals engage these control strategies in accordance with the demands of the task environment. However, it is unclear how people select a control strategy, particularly in situations with dynamic task demands. We hypothesized that if people flexibly adapt their strategy in response to changes in the environment, this should facilitate prospective memory. Across two experiments, we asked participants to identify the reappearance of a picture target (a prospective memory intention) while at the same time performing an ongoing visual search task. The attentional demands of the ongoing task were manipulated to monotonically increase or decrease on a moment to moment basis. The selection of control strategies was identified using reaction time costs and neural measures of intention maintenance. Results showed that people fluidly modified control strategies, shifting towards proactive control when the attentional demands decreased, and shifting towards reactive control when attentional demands increased. Critically, these adaptive shifts in control strategy were associated with better prospective memory performance. These results demonstrate that fine-grained control of attention and memory resources serves an adaptive role for remembering to carry out future plans.
Attributing human-likeness to an avatar: the role of time and space in the perception of biological motion
Authors: Ghiglino Davide , De Tommaso Davide , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

Despite well-developed cognitive control mechanisms in most adult healthy humans, attention can still be captured by irrelevant distracting stimuli occurring in the environment. However, when it comes to artificial agents, such as humanoid robots, one might assume that its attention is “programmed” to fol-low a task, thus, being distracted by attention-capturing stimuli would not be ex-pected. We were interested in whether a behavior that reflects attentional capture in a humanoid robot would increase its perception as human-like. We imple-mented human behaviors in a virtual version of iCub robot. Twenty participants’ head movements were recorded, through an inertial sensor, during a solitaire card game, while a series of distracting videos were presented on a screen in their peripheral field of view. Eight participants were selected, and their behavioral reactions (i.e. inertial sensor coordinates, etc.) were extracted and implemented in the simulator. In Experiment 2, twenty-four new participants were asked to rate the human-likeness of the avatar movements. We examined whether move-ment parameters (i.e. angle amplitude, overall time spent on a distractor) influ-enced participants’ ratings of human-likeness, and if there was any correlation with sociodemographic factors (i.e. gender, age). Results showed a gender effect on human-likeness ratings. Thus, we computed a GLM analysis including gender as a covariate. A main effect of the time of movement was found. We conclude that humans rely more on temporal then on spatial information when evaluating properties (specifically, human-likeness) of biological motion of humanoid-shaped avatars.
Cognitive Control in Semantic Memory
Authors: Geller Jason , Mirman Daniel , Landrigan Jon-Frederick
Published: October 2018

Semantic cognition includes taxonomic and thematic relationships, as well as control systems to retrieve and manipulate semantic knowledge to suit specific tasks or contexts. A recent report (Thompson et al., 2017) suggested that retrieving thematic relationships (i.e., relations based on participation in the same event or scenarios) requires more effort or cognitive control, especially when the relevant relations are weak, than retrieving identity relations that are based on sensory-motor features. It is not clear whether the same contrast applies to the broader set of taxonomic relations, which are also based on shared sensory-motor features. In this study we tested cognitive control requirements of retrieving taxonomic and thematic knowledge using a physiological measure of cognitive effort: pupil dilation. Participants completed a semantic relatedness judgement task that manipulated semantic type (thematic vs. taxonomic) and relatedness strength (high vs. low) of word pairs. Cognitive control in the similarity task was examined using task-evoked pupillary responses (TEPRs), as well as standard behavioral measures (reaction times and accuracy). Compared with high-strength relations, low-strength semantic relations elicited larger TERPs, slower reaction times, and lower accuracy, consistent with higher control demands. Compared to thematic relations, taxonomic relations also elicited larger TERPs and slower reaction times, suggesting that retrieving taxonomic relations required more cognitive effort. Critically, our pupillometric data indicated that controlled processing was particularly important for low-strength taxonomic pairs rather than low-strength thematic pairs. These findings indicate that semantic control demands are primarily determined by relatedness strength, not whether the relationship is taxonomic or thematic.
Dysfunctional Default Mode Network during high speed discrimination in the elderly. Neuropsychological and driving simulator correlations.
Authors: Eudave Luis
Published: October 2018

Numerous daily tasks, including car driving, require fine visuospatial tuning. Onesuch visuospatial ability, speed discrimination, declines with aging but its neuralunderpinnings remain unknown. In this study, we use fMRI to explore the effect ofaging during a high speed discrimination task, along with a completeneuropsychological assessment and a simulated driving evaluation in order toexamine how they interact with each other. Beyond confirming that high speeddiscrimination performance is dimished in the elderly, we found that this deficit mightbe partly due to a lack of modulation in the activity and connectivity of the defaultmode network (DMN) in this age group, as well as an over-recruitment of frontal,basal ganglia and cerebellar regions, possibly as a compensatory mecanism. Thisneural pattern could also be translated to our participants’ cognitive and drivingsimulator performance, such that in young adults, a proper DMN modulationcorrelated with better neuropsychological scores and a driving profile, an effect thatseems to be lost in the elderly. These findings contribute to highlight the role of thedefault mode network on visuospatial tasks, how it is age-related and its impact on cognitive functioning and driving performance in a simulator.
The Healthy Personality from a Basic Trait Perspective
Authors: Bleidorn Wiebke , Hopwood Christopher James , Ackerman Robert A. , Witt Edward A. , Kandler Christian , Riemann Rainer , Samuel Douglas B , Donnellan Brent
Published: October 2018

We adopted an expert-rating approach to generate a consensus Five Factor Model (FFM) profile of the psychologically healthy person. In addition, we collected ratings from scholars with expertise in positive psychology and two samples of undergraduate psychology students to examine the agreement within and between different groups of raters. We then examined the reliability, heritability, rank-order stability, external validity, and normativeness of this expert-generated FFM profile of the healthy personality using data from seven different samples (N > 3,000). To do this, we computed a healthy FFM score for each participant by using intraclass q-correlation to match individual FFM profiles to the healthy personality prototype. Through these analyses, we aim to provide an initial but nonetheless comprehensive description of the nature and correlates of the healthy personality from a contemporary basic trait perspective.
Motor sequence learning in the elderly: Differential activity patterns as a function of hand modality
Authors: Eudave Luis
Published: October 2018

Previous research on motor sequence learning (MSL) in the elderly has focused mainly on unilateral tasks, even though bilateral coordination might be impaired in this age group. In this fMRI study, 28 right-handed elderly subjects were recruited. The paradigm consisted of a Novel and a simple Control sequence executed with the right (R), left (L) and both hands (B). Behavioral performance (Accuracy[AC], Inter-tap Interval[ITI]) and associated brain activity were assessed during early learning. Behavioral performance in the Novel task was similar between unilateral conditions whereas in the bimanual condition more errors and slower motor execution were observed. Brain activity increases during learning showed differences between Conditions: R showed increased activity in pre-SMA, basal ganglia and left hippocampus while B showed activity increments mainly in posterior parietal cortex and cerebellum. L did not show any activity modulation during learning. Performance correlates for AC (related to spatial success) and ITI (related to accurate timing) shared a cortico-basal-cerebellar network. However, it was found that the ITI regressor presented additional significant correlations with activity in SMA and basal ganglia in R. The AC regressor showed additional significant correlations with activity in more extended thalamic and cerebellar areas in B. The present findings suggest that, behaviorally, the spatial and temporal components of MSL are impaired in elderly subjects when using both hands. Additionally, differential brain activity patterns were found across hand modalities. The results obtained reveal the existence of a highly specialized network in the dominant hand and identify areas specifically involved in bimanual coordination.
Toward a replication culture: Speech production research in the classroom
Authors: Roettger Timo Benjamin , Baer-Henney Dinah
Published: October 2018

Our understanding of human sound systems is increasingly shaped by experimental studies. What we can learn from a single study, however, is limited. It is of critical importance to evaluate and substantiate existing findings in the literature by directly replicating published studies. Our publication system, however, does not reward direct replications in the same way as it rewards novel discoveries. Consequently, there is a lack of incentives for researchers to spend resources on conducting replication studies, a situation that is particularly true for speech production experiments, which often require resourceful data collection procedures and recording environments. In order to sidestep this issue, we propose to run direct replication studies with our students in the classroom. This proposal offers an easy and inexpensive way to conduct large-scale replication studies and has valuable pedagogical advantages for our students. To illustrate the feasibility of this approach, we report on two classroom-based replication studies on incomplete neutralization, a speech phenomenon that has sparked many methodological debates in the past. We show that in our classroom studies, we not only replicated incomplete neutralization effects, but our studies yielded effect magnitudes comparable to laboratory experiments and meta analytical estimates. We discuss potential challenges to this approach and outline possible ways to help us substantiate our scientific record.
A Review of Embodied Cognition Approaches to Prejudice
Authors: Sherrin Steven L.
Published: October 2018

Embodied approaches to social cognition—typically presented under the terms of embodied social cognition or social embodiment—have been outlined in recent reviews (e.g. Smith & Semin, 2004; Niedenthal et al, 2005; Meier, Schnall, Schwarz, & Bargh, 2012). These reviews provide readers with a broad and highly useful introduction to theories and findings within the area. While these reviews have clearly generated strong take-home messages for researchers (based on the popularity of the papers), comprehensive reviews of specific areas of research are sometimes lacking. This manuscript provides a brief review of recent embodied approaches to the study of prejudice.
Правление как разновидность выборного органа управления речной компанией Обь-Иртышского водного бассейна (конец XIX- начало XX вв.)
Authors: Задорожняя Ольга Анатольевна
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматривается общие тенденции формирования руководящего органа самой крупной речной компании Обь-Иртышского водного бассейна в период активного развития товаро-денежных отношений, прослеживается состав и численность выборных управленцев. В ходе исследования выяснилось, что традиции семейных компаний часть руководителей стремились перенести в новую организацию – это обеспечивало безграничную власть над объединенным капиталом. Сотрудничество с банковским капиталом способствовало как получению новых инвестиций, так и включения представителей финансово-кредитных организаций в состав правления.The article discusses the General trends in the formation of the governing body of the largest river company of the Ob-Irtysh water basin in the period of active development of commodity-money relations, traces the composition and number of elected managers. The study found that the traditions of family companies of the leaders sought to move to a new organization – it provides unlimited power over the combined capital. Cooperation with Bank capital contributed to both the receipt of new investments and the inclusion of representatives of financial and credit institutions in the Board
The Happiness Gap in Eastern Europe
Authors: Zilinsky Jan , Nikolova Elena , Djankov Simeon
Published: October 2018

Citizens in Eastern Europe are less satisfied with life than their peers in other countries. This happiness gap has persisted over time, despite predictions to the contrary by earlier scholars. It holds after controlling for a variety of covariates, such as the standard of living, life expectancy and Eastern Orthodox religion. Armed with a battery of surveys from the early 1990s to 2014, we argue that the happiness gap is explained by how citizens in post-communist countries perceive their governments. Eastern Europeans link their life satisfaction to higher perceived corruption and weaker government performance. Our results suggest that the transition from central planning is still incomplete, at least in the psychology of people.
Sex trafficking in Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Bishnu
Published: October 2018

Extreme poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, poor law enforcement, and open border between India and Nepal are major factors for human trafficking. Due to the devastating earthquake that hit Nepal on April 25, 2015, which was followed by more than 400 aftershocks, about 3 million people were victimized. The earthquake victims- women and children, were more vulnerable to trafficking than before. Hence, it is vital to understand human trafficking, its form, factors, effects, and motives. The objective of this paper is to make intellectuals aware of the issue of sex trafficking, problems, and possible solutions in Nepal.Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies Vol.1(1) 2018 28-31
Despite Being “Known, Highly Promiscuous and Active”: Presumed Heterosexuality in the USPHS’s STD Inoculation Study, 1946–48
Authors: Gallagher-Cohoon Erin
Published: October 2018

The Sexually Transmitted Disease Inoculation Study of the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) was a short-term deliberate exposure experiment into the prevention of venereal diseases. Between 1946 and 1948, over 1,300 Guatemalan prisoners, psychiatric patients, soldiers, and sex workers were exposed to syphilis, gonorrhoea, and chancroid. USPHS researchers initially proposed hiring sex workers to “naturally” transmit venereal diseases to male subjects who would then be given various prophylaxes. The researchers were interested in studying the effectiveness of new preventative measures. In other words, the USPHS study was designed to transmit venereal diseases heterosexually from an “infected” female body to the men who, it was assumed, were sexually isolated subjects. However, the researchers did record instances of male-to-male disease transmission among their subject populations, instances that challenged the presumption of heterosexuality on which the study was based.
From Improving Egos to Perfecting Smiles: Orthodontics and Psychology, 1945–2000
Authors: Micu Melissa , Carstairs Catherine
Published: October 2018

From World War II to the end of 20th century, the types of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and their reasons for doing so changed significantly. In the 1950s and 1960s, Canadian parents were told that orthodontics would “cure” inferiority complexes and protect children with crooked teeth, especially girls, from a life of delinquency and missed opportunities. By the last two decades of the 20th century, the consumer health movement and rising incomes empowered patients to decide which treatments were right for them, and an increasing number of adult patients sought orthodontic treatment to improve their appearance. Orthodontists never abandoned their claim that orthodontic treatment could improve psychological health, as while health psychologists and other researchers increasingly called this into question. But orthodontists did begin to place greater emphasis on aesthetics as a reason for treatment, and orthodontics became part of a much larger explosion in “cosmetic dentistry” procedures that came to include tooth whitening and veneers.
Reactor safety research within the Helmholtz Association
Authors: Kliem S. , Tromm W. , Reinecke E.-A.
Published: October 2018

The reactor safety research of the Helmholtz Association is an integral part of the national provident research. It focuses on the safety of nuclear power plants in Germany and abroad as well as on safety aspects of internationally developed innovative reactor concepts. The research in the three involved Helmholtz centers Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology covers important areas of design basis and beyond design basis accidents. A unique combination of code and model development supported by own large-scale experiments ensures the active preservation of the reactor safety competences. The research that is embedded in a strong international co-operation will be continued after the completion of the national phase-out from the use of nuclear energy for electricity production in 2022.
Analysis of operating characteristics of IPWR under natural circulation
Authors: Zhu H. , Zhang S. , Xia G. , Peng M.
Published: October 2018

Many integrated pressurized water reactor (IPWR) designs using natural circulation operation mainly to enhance their inherent safety. The operating characteristics of primary coolant are completely different without mechanical pumps. The designs and safety analysis of forced circulation reactors are widely researched, but the natural circulation characteristics of IPWR have not been well studied by literatures. The present work discussed the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of IPWR under natural circulation conditions by using the best estimate codes RELAP5. And the effect of system parameters on natural circulation characteristics of IPWR is also studied. The results show that, the primary coolant average temperature and steam pressure are two key parameters that affect the natural circulation stable operating load. The set value of primary coolant average temperature effects the core outlet temperature and the steam temperature, but the primary coolant flow is basically the same under different primary coolant average temperature but same load conditions. The smaller steam pressure is more conducive to produce superheated steam, but there is risk of two phase flow instability in OTSG secondary side. The rapid load change process under natural circulation indicating that the reactor has a good load tracking characteristics under natural circulation, but the rapid change of primary coolant temperature will cause oscillations in system parameters.
Impact of spacer on inter sub-channel mixing of coolant in nuclear fuel bundle: a survey and future patterns of research and advances
Authors: Verma S. K.
Published: October 2018

Broad efforts have been ended in the last decade for the development of spacer and its effect on droplets that present in the vapour core. The spacers operate as droplet collectors and accumulate considerable amount of the droplet flux in an emblematic spacer section. This development paved the way for engineers and researchers to come up with spacer that exhibit better inter subchannel mixing in the reactor. The review is based on the correlation developed by different researchers for the spacer modelling, grey areas and challenges for further improvement in the prediction and some of the good models have been recommended. The effect of spacer on liquid films and droplet depositions before spacer and near spacer have been studied and finally based on this investigation a proposed LDV measurement techniques have been applied on 1/12th segment of Advanced Heavy Water Reactor for further analysis of spacer effect on annular flow. Efforts are made to uncover the investigated gaps from the precedent literatures, as an effect of which it is concluded that there is extremely inadequate work published in the field of thermal-hydraulics incorporating spacer effect such as turbulent mixing, droplet deposition and liquid film thickness in the case of AHWR.
The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Product, Process and Administration Innovation in the SMEs Context.
Authors: Khan Yasmin Kamall , Marzuki Sharifah Zannierah Syed , Arshad Azlin Shafinaz Mohd
Published: October 2018

There are insufficient studies that investigate the connection between human, structural and relational capital and organizational innovation in Australian SMEs in the literature. Various SMEs industries, in Australia were adapted from Business Longitudinal Database (BLD) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). This cross-sectional study shows that relational and human capitals are positive and significant towards process innovation while relational capital is the only predictor for product innovation. The results also show that human, structural and relational capitals were the most significant predictor for administration innovation. The findings show that relational capital has the most significant relationship between the three components of intellectual capital towards innovation in Australia SMEs. SME managers acknowledged the importance in collaboration towards achieving innovation performance in their firm. In order for SMEs to be a competitive advantage, managers should focus to improve their networking and collaboration with external parties, so that the whole innovation (product, process and administration innovation) can be achieve.
The Rhetorical-Critical Analysis of the Epistle to the Galatians (II)
Authors: Čatić Ivica , Rajić Marko
Published: October 2018

This article is a continuation of the rhetorical-critical analysis of the Epistle to the Galatians started previously. The first article discussed the method of rhetorical criticism, its relationship with epistolography and the question of the partition of the rhetorical act. Then we started the analysis of the Epistle which is, due to the limited space, continued in this article with a demonstrative section (Gal 2:15 — 4:31). Here Paul argues for the correct understanding of the history of salvation, the relationship between the Law and faith, and the true identity of the faithful. Then, in the parenetic section (Gal 5:1 — 6:10), he sets the standard by which the faithful must live their newly found freedom in Christ. The Epistle ends with a hand-written conclusion in which Paul summarizes its key theological themes and controversies.
Liturgijski temelj zajedništva prezbitera s biskupom
Authors: Žižić Ivica
Published: October 2018

Starting from the change and development in the understanding of the presbyterate and the episcopate at the Second Vatican Council, the author introduces the liturgical understanding of ministerial priesthood based on a comparative analysis of the ceremonial rite for the ordination of priests. The ministry of presbyters and bishops must always be understood from their ministerial, that is, their communal relationship with one another as well as with God’s people. The author develops the given topic in three units: the discovery of the liturgical foundation of ministerial priesthood; the bishop and priest as ecclesial subjects in the light of the ordination of bishops and priests; according to the liturgical theology of communion: some indications for lex vivendi. Through the contextual and comparative analysis of ordination and with a special emphasis on the original euchological context, the author concludes the reflection by reading the distinctiveness of the correlation of priestly and bishop’s ministry, whose identity and communion is given and formed by the worship of the Church.
Incidencia de abdomen agudo quirúrgico en pacientes infectados con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en el Hospital Abel Gilbert Ponton de enero a diciembre del 2015
Authors: Moran Robalino Gladys , Muñoz Arambulo William , Orrala Merejildo Javier
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo permitió identificar la incidencia de abdomen agudo quirúrgico en pacientes infectados con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en el hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón de enero a diciembre del 2015. El objetivo fue determinar la incidencia del Abdomen Agudo Quirúrgico (AAQ) y sus causas, en pacientes con diagnóstico de infección por el virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH). Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos con diagnóstico de ingreso de dolor abdominal agudo e infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), durante el periodo de Enero a Diciembre del 2015. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 1531 pacientes que ingresaron por el área de Emergencia del HAGP, de los cuales 82 se presentaron con diagnóstico clínico de dolor abdominal agudo más infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Los casos de AAQ fueron más representativos en los hombres, lo que establece una relación hombre/mujer 2 a 1. La neumonía fue la complicación postoperatoria más relevante, seguida de la infección de herida quirúrgica.
Pewarnaan Gram Buffy Coat untuk Deteksi Awal Pasien Bakteremia
Authors: Lutpiatina Leka
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Bacteremia is one public health problem. Bacteremia was ranked as the tenth leading cause of death in the United States. Gram staining of buffy coat can be used for early detection of patients with bacteremia. Rapid diagnostic tests with these Gram staining can be interpreted within an hour and the research that has been conducted Richmond et al. 2002, have a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 79%. This study aimed to study the sensitivity and specificity of Gram buffy coat with the gold standard blood culture media biphasic fever suspected patients. This study was an observational study with cross sectional study. The study population was suspected fever patients in hospitals Ratu Zalecha Martapura months from March to May 2013. The samples were suspect fever patients in hospitals Queen Zalecha Martapura March-May 2013 were taken by purposive with the inclusion criteria: Patients District General Hospital Ratu Zalecha Martapura, aged ≥10 years, had fever ≥ 5 days, had symptoms of abdominal pain, willing to follow the study. Gram staining microscopic results were analyzed by application epicalc. Microscopic results buffy coat Gram staining Gram-negative rods are found as many as seven (26%) and were not found Gram-negative rods as many as 20 (74%). Culture results of this study are Gram negative bacterial growth as much as 6 (22%) and no growth as many as 21 (78%). Conclusion The results of microscopic Gram stain buffy coat has a value of 67% sensitivity and 86% specificity.
Kandungan Iodium pada Garam Dapur di Pasar Batuah Martapura Maret 2014
Authors: Haitami Haitami
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Research on the content of iodine in salt Kitchen in the Market Martapura March 2014 aims to determine the iodine content in the salt that is sold in the market Batuah Martapura and look for compliance with quality standards ISO 01-3556.2-1994 / Rev 2000. The method used in this study is a descriptive survey. The sample used in this study is a salt-branded and not branded, with a total sampling technique sampling. The research found 67% salt containing KIO3, and 33% of salt that does not contain KIO3, KIO3 in salt levels ranged from 8.68 ppm - 79.94 ppm, 53% salt that does not qualify SNI and only 47% were eligible, 100% salt not branded ineligible SNI and 42% SALT branded ineligible SNI. The public to be cautious in buying salt consumption for everyday purposes, and to the relevant agencies to conduct outreach and firm action against violations that exist in society against the marketing of salt that does not comply with permitted.

Keywords: salt branded and not branded, Kadar KIO3

Abstrak: Penelitian tentang Kandungan Iodium pada Garam Dapur di Pasar Martapura Maret 2014 bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan iodium yang ada pada garam dapur yang dijual di Pasar Batuah Martapura serta melihat kesesuaiannya dengan baku mutu SNI 01-3556.2-1994/Rev 2000. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Survey Deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah garam bermerk dan tidak bermerk, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 67% garam yang mengandung KIO3, dan 33% garam yang tidak mengandung KIO3, Kadar KIO3 dalam garam berkisar antara 8.68 ppm – 79.94 ppm, 53% garam yang tidak memenuhi syarat SNI dan hanya 47% yang memenuhi syarat, 100% garam tidak bermerk tidak memenuhi syarat SNI dan 42% GARAM bermerk tidak memenuhi syarat SNI. Masyarakat agar berhati-hati dalam membeli garam konsumsi untuk keperluan sehari-hari, dan kepada instansi terkait agar melakukan penyuluhan dan tindakan yang tegas terhadap pelanggaran yang ada di masyarakat terhadap pemasaran garam yang tidak sesuai dengan yang diizinkan.

Kata kunci: Garam bermerk dan tidak bermerk, Kadar KIO3
Pengaruh Kalsium Klorida (CaCl2) dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Kadar Vitamin C Anggur (Vitisvinifera)
Authors: Thuraidah Anny , Haitami Haitami , Dairobi Akhmad
Published: October 2018

Vitisvinifera is one of the perishable fruit and not durable when stored at room temperature. To maintain the levels of vitamin C wine then used treatment using calcium chloride (CaCl2). This study aims to determine the effect of treatment Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and duration of storage of the vitamin C content of Vitisvinifera This type of research uses experimental methods actual (true experiment) in the form of draft posttest only control group design. Wine and CaCl2 research materials. Data were obtained by performing assays using titration iodometry vitamin C in grapes. Results of statistical analysis to test multiple linear regression R2 values ​​obtained showed no effect of treatment 0.578 Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and storage time for blood levels of vitamin C Vitisvinifera. From Duncan statistical test obtained significant value for all subsets of the 2 treatment groups of more than 0.05, the most optimal levels of vitamin C in maintaining the Vitisvinifera is a CaCl2 concentration of 0.05 M for 4 days of storage. Therefore, this study suggested as alternative preservation for merchants and producers / grape growers in order to maintain the vitamin C content of wine so as to improve the quality and the quality of the fruit.
Risiko Infeksi Kecacingan pada Penambang Intan Tradisional di Kecamatan Cempaka Kota Banjarbaru
Authors: Roebiakto Erfan , Supriyadi Yohanes Joko
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The Potential danger from mining activities is a worm infection. worm infection is often found in the community and are often considered harmless. This condition if left unchecked will lead to malnutrition, decreased endurance and work productivity. The aim of research to determine the risk factors and the incidence of worm infection on a traditional diamond miners in the district Cempaka Banjarbaru. This research is an analytic study with cross sectional design with a sample size of 60 people. The variables studied were the risk factors and the incidence of worm infection. The results of the study of risk factors normal nutritional status of respondents (46.7%), lack of knowledge level (63.3%); using Rescue Tool in work (63.3%); Good personal hygiene (51.7%), bowel habits are not eligible (60.0%) and worm infection (33.3%). The statistical test result with Che-Square test (X2), there was a significant relationship between risk factors and the incidence of worm disease in miners (p ˂ 0.05). Expected workers use personal protective equipment, health checked regularly and get a clean and healthy living behavior.
Mutu Bakteriologis Saus Tomat Pentol di Banjarbaru
Authors: Dwiyanti Ratih Dewi , Lutpiatina Leka
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The food was used as a complementary flavor sauces include snacks bulb. Dressing materials according to SNI 01-7388-2009 must comply with the requirements of the parameter Staphylococcus aureus, MPN (Most probable number) Coliform, TPC (total plate count) and molds. This study aims to determine the percentage of tomato sauce snacks bulb in the area around the intersection of four Banjarbaru who do not qualify SNI 01-7388-2009 of parameters MPN Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed MPN Coliform tomato sauce ranges from 0-240 and Staphylococcus aureus 5 x 101 to 6.5 x 103. Concluded percentage tomato sauce snacks bulb that does not qualify SNI 01-7388-2009 parameter is 60% MPN Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus 80%. Suggestions to determine the value of TPC (total plate count) and molds and other chemical parameters of tomato sauce.
Analisis Kadar Siklamat pada Es Krim di Kota Banjarbaru
Authors: Nurlailah Nurlailah , Alma Nurhayati Aslami , Oktiyani Neni
Published: October 2018

Sweeteners are one of the components which are often added to foodstuffs. Synthetic sweeteners are widely circulated in the community is cyclamate. Consumption of cyclamate that exceeds the dose will lead to bladder cancer. It will also cause lung, liver, and lymph tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of cyclamate in ice cream that exceeded the required threshold. The type of this research is the descriptive survey. The sample of this research is ice cream that produced by household companies from all ice cream traders in North Banjarbaru with 11 ice cream sellers. The variables in this study were cyclamate content found in ice cream. The results showed that 11 samples of ice cream were examined, 9 samples containing cyclamate with the highest level of 7.37 g / kg as cyclamic acid. The conclusion of this study is ice cream containing cyclamate found as much as 82% (9 samples), while 18% (2 samples) others negative, from 9 samples containing cyclamate positive, 89% did not qualify the requirements of PERMENKES Number 208 in 1985 that exceeds 2 gr/Kg as cyclamate acid. More specific checks are required for the analysis of cyclamate levels by other methods such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography.
Akurasi Hitung Jumlah Eritrosit Metode Manual dan Metode Otomatis
Authors: Oktiyani Neni , Fahriyan Fahriyan , Muhlisin Akhmad
Published: October 2018

In a laboratory, an erythrocyte is done by using hemocytometer and microscope. The task is to measure and assess the size and shape of the erythrocyte. But this procedure is time consuming, complex and tedious. As a solution to this problem, to provide an automated, cost-effective and efficient alternative to detection and counting of erythrocyte, hematology analyzers are used. However, false results related either to erythrocyte or other parameters from complete blood count may be observed in several instances. The objective study was to compare the accuracy of erythrocyte count results of automatic hematological analysis by the manual method. The study is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional design. Erythrocyte counting is done by using three types of control blood, namely high, normal and low, with 9 repetitions. In high control blood, the mean erythrocytes count by the manual method was 7.08 million/μl with a bias value of 1.4%, while that by the automated method was 7.03 million/μl with a bias value of 0.7%. The mean erythrocyte count in normal control blood by the manual method was 4.50 million/μl with a bias value of 0.9%, while that by the automated method was 4.4 million/μl with a bias value of 2.4%. And in low control blood, the mean erythrocyte count by the manual method was 1.72 million/μl with 4.4% bias value, while that the automated method was 1.67 million/μl with 1.2% bias value. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in accuracy between the erythrocyte count of manual methods with automated methods.
Kadar Logam Timbal (Pb) dalam Darah Penjual Klepon
Authors: Kustiningsih Yayuk , Fitriyanti Noni , Nurlailah Nurlailah
Published: October 2018

A kelepon seller is one of the groups susceptible to metal pollution from motor vehicle emissions from the tetraethyl-Pb and tetramethyl-Pb combustion products that are always added to motor vehicle fuel. Lead metal has a negative impact on the environment including human health. The first effect of chronic Pb poisoning before reaching the target organ is the presence of hemoglobin synthesis disorder so that the hemoglobin level decreases.The effect of lead poisoning in the blood can occur if the Pb content is more 70 ug/dl or 0.7 ppm which will lead to anemia. This study aims to determine a level of lead metal in the blood of kelepon seller that exceeds the threshold. Descriptive survey research method with cross-sectional design on the sample from 15 respondents. The lead metal (Pb) in the blood is measured using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA) device. The result of the research shows that there are 13 respondents (86,7%) whose Pb metal content exceeds the blood lead threshold that is 20 ug / dL or 0,20 ppm. The highest level of lead in the blood of the respondents was 0.73 ppm and the lowest was 0.10 ppm. Two respondents with lead in blood less than 0.20 ppm are known to always use personal protective equipment while working, even though the working time is 6-10 hours/day. It is advisable to conduct further research by examining Hb levels and abnormalities of erythrocytes in the blood of the kelepon seller and conducting similar research
Logam Merkuri pada Masker Pemutih Wajah di Pasar Martapura
Authors: Rakhmina Dinna , Lisa Lisa , Kartiko Jasmadi Joko
Published: October 2018

Currently, many brands and types of skin whitening cosmetics can be found on the market. Not all products are safe for consumers. Illegal or non-licensed cosmetics from BPOM are suspect because unlisted cosmetics tend to contain harmful chemicals such as mercury (Hg). Mercury (Hg) was including harmful heavy metals. The use of mercury has been banned since 1998 through PERMENKES RI No. 445 of 1998, where mercury in small concentrations can be toxic. Negative effects of mercury such as allergies, skin irritation and permanent damage to the nervous system, kidney, brain and disrupt the development of the fetus, especially when used in high doses. The aim of this study was to know whether there is mercury content on bleach mask that sold in Martapura market in March 2017. This study used a descriptive method and the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. There were 10 samples of face bleach mask that cost around Rp5.000,00 - Rp20.000,00. Based on the results of 10 samples taken at Martapura market, 3 samples contained mercury of face bleach mask. The conclusion of this study is that mercury still used as bleach on the facial in the Martapura market. Therefore, BPOM needs more supervision and intensive counseling about the risk of bleaching cosmetics containing mercury, so the consumer can be careful in choosing cosmetics.
„Keine Zeit!?“ – Über den Umgang mit einer kostbaren Ressource
Authors: Raacke Georg
Published: October 2018

Zeit ist eine wichtige Ressource. Viele Menschen haben oft das Gefühl, die Zeit renne ihnen davon. Dabei ist Zeit auch immer eingebunden in gesellschaftliche Praxis. Während in der Vormoderne die Natur maßgeblich für die Bestimmung der Zeit war, brachte die Erfindung der Uhr ein völlig anderes Verständnis von Zeit und entsprechend von Zeithandeln. Zeit wurde nicht mehr als zyklisch verstanden, sondern als linearer Ablauf von Ereignissen. Heute gilt nicht mehr ausschließlich die Zeit der Uhr, Menschen sollen vielmehr flexibel ihre Zeit nutzen. Das hat nicht zuletzt eine unmittelbare Bedeutung für die alltägliche Lebensführung.
Increased Surgical Complications in Smokers Undergoing Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Sathianathen Niranjan J. , Weight Christopher J. , Jarosek Stephanie L. , Konety Badrinath R.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Not only is smoking a risk factor for the development of bladder cancer, it has also been implicated in increasing surgical morbidity and mortality. In general, the demographic and clinical characteristics of smokers are different to non-smokers which can bias the results of the impact of smoking.

Objective:

To evaluate the impact of smoking on radical cystectomy outcomes.

Methods:

Radical cystectomy cases were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2007–2015. Smokers were matched with non-smokers using propensity scores in a 1:1 ratio. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the overall incidence of Clavien III-V complications. Secondary analysis was performed for the incidence of each complication recorded in NSQIP.

Results:

A total of 850 smokers undergoing radical cystectomy were matched to 850 non-smokers. The matching process improved the balance of covariates between smokers and non-smokers. The overall incidence of Clavien III-V complications was higher in smokers (13.1% vs 7.4%, p < 0.001). This corresponded to an adjusted odds ratio of 1.9 [95% CI 1.4–2.6, p = 0.028]. Other comorbid conditions worsened post-operative complications amongst smokers. When evaluating each complication recorded in the database, smokers had a higher incidence of wound dehiscence, pneumonia and myocardial infarction.

Conclusion:

Current smokers have a greater risk of morbidity following radical cystectomy. This should be considered when evaluating safety of surgery and patients should be counselled accordingly. Furthermore, even a short period of pre-operative smoking cessation can improve surgical outcomes.
Effects of timing of food intake and fat/carbohydrate ratio on insulin sensitivity and preconditioning against renal ischemia reperfusion injury by calorie restriction
Authors: Reynolds Justin S. , Peng Wei , Chu Timothy , Mitchell James R.
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:

Dietary restriction (DR) improves lifespan, metabolic fitness and resilience in many organisms, but the role of dietary macronutrient composition and timing of food intake in specific benefits remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

We sought to compare the effects of two isocaloric DR regimes differing in the timing of food intake - every other day (EOD) fasting/feeding vs. daily calorie restriction (CR) – at two different fat/carbohydrate ratios on two well-established DR benefits, improved glucose homeostasis and protection from renal ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. We hypothesized that both EOD fasting and isocaloric CR would result in similar improvements in glucose homeostasis and stress resistance independent of macronutrient composition.

METHODS:

Six groups of mice were fed either semi-purified low-fat diet (LFD, 10% calories from fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 60% calories from fat) and randomized into one of three dietary regimens: 1) ad libitum (AL), 2) EOD feeding/fasting, or 3) pair-fed daily to the average daily EOD intake within LFD or HFD feeding group resulting in daily CR. After 6 weeks, the following assessments were made: fasting blood glucose, glucose and insulin tolerance, and resistance to bilateral renal ischemia reperfusion injury using serum urea as a marker of renal function. Within the EOD group, the effects of prior day feeding (EODfed vs. EODfast) were also assessed.

RESULTS:

EOD mice ate ∼20–25% less food over time than AL mice on the corresponding LFD or HFD. EOD and CR mice displayed changes in body weight, fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance commensurate with total calorie intake. No significant differences were observed in circulating IGF-1 levels. Insulin sensitivity improved independent of fat/carbohydrate ratio on daily CR and EODfast regimens, but not EODfed. HFD increased susceptibility to renal ischemia reperfusion in AL mice, while CR and EOD regimens gave significant protection independent of dietary fat content or fed or fasted day in the EOD group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Reduced food intake protects mice against renal ischemia reperfusion injury within 6 weeks independent of timing of food intake (CR, EODfast, EODfed) or fat content of diet (10% vs. 60%). Neither circulating IGF-1 levels (unchanged) nor whole-body insulin sensitivity (improved upon daily CR and EODfast but not EODfed) correlated with protection, so are unlikely to be involved mechanistically.
Innovative Wellness Programs
Authors: Pomputius Ariel , Ansell Margaret
Published: October 2018

The Health Science Center Library staff and faculty have a record of innovative programming and outreach to new potential users through subject-specific projects.
Making in the Library
Authors: Gonzalez Sara
Published: October 2018

A merging of collaboration space and technology has fostered a culture of making that welcomes all students, no matter their skill level, to explore and create.
Coming to Life: Movable Books Delight Children for Centuries
Authors: Alteri Suzan
Published: October 2018

One of the gems of the Baldwin Library of Historical Children's Literature is its large collection of old movable books and toys created to delight thousands of people, young and old alike.
SASARAN PEMBENAHAN MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Rosidin Mohamad
Published: October 2018

Manajemen pendidikan Islam ikut bertanggung jawab dalam membenahi aneka problematika yang mendera pendidikan Islam melalui solusi yang sistematis, terutama menggunakan skema POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling). Tulisan ini membahas enam sasaran pokok pembenahan manajemen pendidikan Islam, mengingat problem tidak pernah absen dari keenamnya. Secara garis besar, keenam sasaran tersebut dipilah menjadi dua komponen, yaitu insani dan non-insani. Pada komponen insani, manajemen pendidikan Islam bertugas mengkreasi pendidik yang mampu memfungsikan dirinya sebagai leader sekaligus manager; serta mengkreasi peserta didik yang mampu membina dirinya sebagai orang pandai, bukan orang bodoh. Terkait komponen non-insani, manajemen pendidikan Islam menyasar tujuan pendidikan agar memadukan antara tujuan pragmatis dan idealis secara harmonis; mengusahakan realisasi kurikulum aktual yang mendekati bahkan melampaui kurikulum ideal; menciptakan metode pendidikan yang memadukan pendekatan student-oriented dengan teacher-oriented secara proporsional; serta menyelenggarakan evaluasi pendidikan yang ditujukan pada bakat maupun prestasi peserta didik.