bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Reasons and Complications of Caesarean Sections: Section Study
Authors: Al-Ardi Musafer H.
Published: August 2023

We can improve our knowledge of the factors influencing women's decisions to have a
caesarean section rather than a vaginal delivery, slow the rise in the caesarean section
rate, encourage mothers to have vaginal delivery, and provide practical solutions to
health system planners through statistical analysis of the proportion of women who
prefer caesarean sections.
This investigation is cross-sectional. It involved gathering information from 60 women
(20–42 years old) who had given birth via caesarean section over four months,
beginning in October 2022 and ending in January 2023.
The main reasons of a caesarean section were presence of a fibrous node (caused by
previous caesarean sections that were repeated) at 16.67%, intrauterine foetal death at
15%, cervical stenosis at 8.33% , 8.33% of births were repeated due to obstructed
labour; 6.66% of caesareans were carried out because the mother contracted or had her
uterus removed in order to prevent having children.
This study found that there were a lot of complications. The bleeding or anaemia cases
accounted for the highest percentage of complications (20%), followed by high blood
pressure (16.67%), high fever (10%), and either shortness of breath, blood clotting,
urinary tract infection, or wound inflammation (10%).
The results of the current study indicated that the level of education, the employment
of mothers, and the age of the pregnant were the most important social and demographic
factors for increasing the rate of caesarean sections
Patent Parasites: Non-Inventors Patenting Existing Open-Source Inventions in the 3-D Printing Technology Space
Authors: Kulkarni Apoorv , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: August 2023

Open-source 3-D printing has played a pivotal role in revolutionizing the additive manufacturing (AM) landscape, by making distributed manufacturing economic, democratizing access, and fostering far more rapid innovation than antiquated proprietary systems. Unfortunately, some 3-D printing manufacturing companies began deviating from open-source principles and violating licenses for the detriment of the community. To determine if a pattern has emerged of companies patenting clearly open-source innovations, this study presents three case studies from the three primary regions of open-source 3-D printing development (EU, U.S. and China) as well as three aspects of 3-D printing technology (AM materials, an open-source 3-D printer, and core open-source 3-D printing concepts used in most 3-D printers). The results of this review have shown that non-inventing entities called patent parasites are patenting open-source inventions already well-established in the open source community and in the most egregious cases commercialized by one (or several) firms at the time of the patent filing. Patent parasites are able to patent open-source innovations by using a different language, vague patent titles and broad claims that encompass enormous swaths of widely diffused open-source innovation space. This practice poses a severe threat to innovation and several approaches to irradicate the threat are discussed.
Effect of Graphene Oxide on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Cement Mortar
Authors: Djenaoucine Lounis , Picazo Álvaro , Rubia Miguel A. , Moragues Amparo , Gálvez Jaime C.
Published: August 2023

The effect of graphene oxide (GO) on mechanical strengths and durability of cement composites has been studied by preparing GO-modified cement mortars. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si MAS-NMR) were performed on the cement paste to research the influence of GO on the hydration process and chain structure of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gels. In addition, mechanical strength test, such as compressive and flexural, were performed on cement mortars. The addition of GO at 0.05 wt.% (by weight of cement) increased the compressive strength by 9.02% after 28 days. Furthermore, the flexural strength of cement mortars with 0.05 wt.% GO and superplasticizer (SP) after 7 and 28 days increased by 12.26% and 21.86%, respectively, compared with reference mortar. At the same time, the effect of GO proved to be more significant and effective in the durability tests, suggesting that GO can enhance the microstructure through hydration products to create a highly cross-linked micro structure.
Aqueous Binary Mixtures of Stearic Acid and Its Hydroxylated Counterpart 12-Hydroxystearic Acid: Fine Tuning of the Lamellar/Micelle Threshold Temperature Transition and of the Micelle Shape
Authors: Almeida Maëva , Dudzinski Daniel , Rousseau Bastien , Amiel Catherine , Prévost Sylvain , Cousin Fabrice , Le Coeur Clémence
Published: August 2023

This study examines the behavior of stearic acid (SA) and 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) aqueous mixtures as a function of temperature and 12-HSA/SA molar ratio (R). Whatever R, the system exhibits a morphological transition at a given threshold temperature, from multilamellar self-assemblies at low temperature towards small micelles at high temperature, as shown by a combination of transmittance measurements, Wide Angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments. Such transition originates from the melting of the crystallized fatty acids within the lamellar phase. The precise determination of the threshold temperature, which ranges between 20°C and 50°C depending on R, allows for the construction of the whole phase diagram of the system as a function of R. At high temperature the micelles that are formed are oblate for pure SA solutions (R = 0) and prolate for pure 12-HSA solution (R = 1). In the case of mixtures, there is a progressive continuous transition from oblate to prolate shape when increasing R, with micelles that are almost purely spherical for R = 0.33.
Redox Chemistry of Pt(II) Complex with Non-Innocent NHC Bis(phenolate) Pincer Ligand: Electrochemical, Spectroscopic and Computational Aspects
Authors: Mikhailov Ilya K. , Gafurov Zufar N. , Kagilev Alexey A. , Morozov Vladimir I. , Kantyukov Artyom O. , Zueva Ekaterina , Ganeev Gumar R. , Sakhapov Ilyas F. , Toropchina Asiya V. , Litvinov Igor A. , Gurina Galina A. , Trifonov Alexander A. , Sinyashin Oleg G. , Yakhvarov Dmitry G.
Published: August 2023

A Pt(II) complex featuring chelating tridentate bis-aryloxide tetrahydropyrimidinium based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) was synthesized and characterized by using different techniques. The electrochemical properties of the complex were investigated by cyclic voltammetry as well as differential pulse voltammetry, which revealed two reversible one-electron oxidation processes. The chemical generation and isolation of one-electron-oxidized species were performed oxidizing the initial complex by means of AgBF4. The combined UV-Vis/NIR- and EPR-spectroscopy studies supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest the formation of Pt(II)-phenoxyl radical complex. The latter open-shell derivative was structurally characterized by means of X-ray diffraction analysis. Finally, the neutral platinum complex was tested as a mediator in the process of electrocatalytic oxidation of 2-(methylamino)ethanol (MEA).
Pediatric Epilepsy: Time For New Research Goals
Authors: Ettienne Earl B , Russo Emilio , Striano Pasquale , Grant-Kels Jane , Rose Klaus
Published: August 2023

Modern drugs have changed epilepsy, which affects people of all ages. But for young people with epilepsy, the framework of drug development has stalled. In the wake of the thalidomide catastrophe, the misconception emerged that for people <18y antiseizure medications (ASMs) need separate proof of efficacy and safety (E&S), overall called “pediatric drug development.” This has been corrected to some extent. Authorities accept that ASMs are effective in <18y as well, but they still require "extrapolation of efficacy," as if minors were another species. In our view, the real problem is less that relevant parts of pediatric clinical epilepsy research over the past decades were useless, but that this has hampered research on meaningful challenges. We do not need to show that ASMs work also before the 18th birthday. But we need to learn how to best use ASMs to prevent brain damage in young patients and optimize ASMs use considering a broader range of aspects
A More Flexible Extension of the Fréchet Distribution Based on the Incomplete Gamma Function and Applications
Authors: Castillo Jaime S. , Rojas Mario A. , Reyes Jimmy
Published: August 2023

In this paper a more flexible extension of the Fréchet distribution is introduced. The new distribution is defined by means of the stochastic representation as the quotient of two independent random variables, a Fréchet distribution and the power of a random variable with uniform distribution in the interval (0,1). We will call this new extension the Slash Fréchet distribution and one of its main characteristics is that its tails are heavier than the Fréchet distribution. The general density of this distribution and some basic properties are determined. Its moments, skewness coefficients and kurtosis are calculated. In addition, the estimation of the model parameters is obtained by the method of moments and maximum likelihood. Finally, two applications with real data are performed by fitting the new model and comparing it with the Fréchet distribution.
Emerging Luminescent Materials for Information Encryption and Anti-Counterfeiting: Stimulus-Response AIEgens and Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials
Authors: Li Yan Jie , Gao Peng Fei
Published: August 2023

Information encryption and anti-counterfeiting play an important role in many aspects of daily life, such as in minimizing economic losses, protecting secure communication and public security, and so on. Owing to the high information capacity and ease of operation, luminescent materials for advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting are essential to meet the increasing demand on encryption security. Herein, we summarize two emerging luminescent materials for information encryption and anti-counterfeiting, the AIE materials and room-temperature phosphorescent materials. At last, we discuss the opportunities and anticipations of these two information encryption and anti-counterfeiting materials.
Pengaruh sistem zonasi sekolah terhadap pemanfaatan fasilitas pendukung di sekitar SMAN 1 dan SMAN 2 Surakarta
Authors: Agustiana Mega Eka Maharani , Rahayu Murtanti Jani , Rini Erma Fitria
Published: August 2023

Sistem zonasi sekolah memiliki tujuan antara lain menghapuskan
eksklusivitas dan diskriminasi antar sekolah serta mengurangi pergerakan siswa
seiring mengecilnya jarak sekolah dengan tempat tinggal. Perubahan sebaran tempat
tinggal siswa dapat mempengaruhi tingkat pemanfaatan fasilitas pendukung
pendidikan yang berada di sekitar sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengungkap apakah sistem zonasi sekolah berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan
fasilitas pendukung pendidikan oleh siswa SMA Negeri 1 dan 2 Surakarta dengan
menggunakan analisis non-parametrik Uji Kruskal Wallis. Pada sistem zonasi ini
terdapat variabel independen (X) yaitu jarak tempat tinggal siswa dengan sekolah.
Pemanfaatan fasilitas pendukung merupakan variabel dependen yang terdiri dari
fasilitas indekos (Y1), fasilitas transportasi umum (Y2), fasilitas ruang terbuka, taman,
lapangan olahraga (Y3), serta fasilitas perdagangan dan jasa (Y4). Data pemanfaatan
fasilitas pendukung di sekitar sekolah diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan 95 siswa
sebagai responden. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa sistem zonasi
sekolah yang memperhatikan jarak tempat tinggal siswa dengan sekolah
berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan fasilitas indekos (Y1) dan fasilitas perdagangan
dan jasa (Y4).
Pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 terhadap perubahan lingkup pelayanan pasar tradisional di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Santoso Firman Hadi , Aliyah Istijabatul , Putri Rufia Andisetyana
Published: August 2023

Pasar tradisional merupakan pusat kegiatan perekonomian yang sangat penting dalam mendukung aktivitas kota. Selama pandemi Covid-19, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan kesehatan untuk mencegah penularan virus, seperti pembatasan aktivitas dan pergerakan terutama pergerakan penduduk dari luar kota yang menyebabkan penurunan jumlah pengunjung pasar tradisional. Adanya perkembangan teknologi dapat dimanfaatkan pedagang untuk memasarkan barang dagangannya karena mempermudah pembeli melakukan transaksi tanpa harus datang langsung ke pasar yang mendorong perubahan lingkup pelayanan pasar tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 terhadap perubahan lingkup pelayanan pasar tradisional di Kota Surakarta dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi mengubah level jangkauan pelayanan pada pasar dengan lingkup internasional menjadi lingkup nasional karena pembatasan perjalanan selama pandemi. Pandemi juga menyebabkan perubahan saluran distribusi barang dari pedagang di pasar tradisional ke pembeli. Sebelum masa pandemi, pembeli dari lingkup lokal hingga lingkup internasional dapat bebas datang ke pasar tradisional untuk membeli barang secara langsung. Karena kebijakan kesehatan seperti pembatasan aktivitas dan pergerakan,  pembeli yang berada di luar lingkup regional membeli barang menggunakan platform online dan menggunakan saluran distribusi tidak langsung.
Jejak karbon mahasiswa: perbandingan sebelum dan saat diberlakukan kebijakan belajar dari rumah
Authors: Rahayu Paramita , Andini Isti , Mukaromah Hakimatul , Rahayu Murtanti Jani , Astuti Winny , Putri Rufia Andisetyana , Rini Erma Fitria
Published: August 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah pola mobilitas masyarakat. Pembatasan pergerakan harian diperkirakan akan mengubah banyak aspek dalam kehidupan manusia, termasuk diantaranya persepsi pada interaksi dan aktivitas secara daring, penggunaan kendaraan umum, maupun pola konsumsi. Penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa secara umum terjadi reduksi jejak karbon setelah pandemi Covid-19 menyerang. Penelitian ini fokus pada kelompok mahasiswa yang mengalami perubahan karakteristik aktivitas perkuliahan semenjak pandemi. Data tentang frekuensi pergerakan, penggunaan peralatan listrik, dan konsumsi makanan dikumpulkan dari populasi mahasiswa Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota Universitas Sebelas Maret sebagai dasar perhitungan perubahan jejak karbon mahasiswa sebelum dan saat implementasi kebijakan belajar dari rumah. Analisis dengan metode kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa jejak karbon mahasiswa berkurang, baik pada aspek kegiatan harian, aktivitas akademik maupun transportasi. Persentase terbesar pada aspek akademik ditunjukkan dengan lebih dari 80% pengurangan penggunaan kertas. Perubahan lingkungan tinggal mahasiswa menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa yang kembali ke rumah mencatat penurunan jejak karbon yang lebih besar ketimbang mahasiswa yang masih bertahan untuk tinggal di kost di sekitar kampus UNS. Perubahan kebiasaan dalam aktivitas harian mahasiswa selama pandemi menunjukkan bahwa pandemi membawa efek positif dalam pengurangan jejak karbon. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kolaborasi pembelajaran dalam jaringan dengan luar jaringan pada saat pandemi berakhir untuk mengurangi jejak karbon mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama.
Efektivitas pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan menggunakan dana desa di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat (studi kasus di nagari maju dan nagari berkembang)
Authors: Pratama Wulan Bedi , Syarfi Ira Wahyuni , Hasnah Hasnah
Published: August 2023

Kebermanfaatan dana desa bagi masyarakat dapat dilihat dari efektifitas penggunaan dana desa terutama untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap proses pemberdayaan masyarakat serta menganalisis pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui dana desa. Metode yang digunakan adalah multi-kasus. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pemberdayaan masyarakat, dan analisis kuantitatif untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pemberdayaan masyarakat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proses pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan menggunakan dana desa pada kedua nagari belum menunjukkan proses yang baik, dan efektivitas pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan masih belum efektif. Terdapat perbedaan tingkat efektivitas pemberdayaan masyarakat di antara kedua nagari yang diteliti yaitu nagari maju termasuk dalam kategori kurang efektif (37,4) dan nagari berkembang termasuk dalam kategori tidak efektif (31,6). Oleh karena itu, seluruh proses pemberdayaan harus melibatkan masyarakat serta peran pendamping desa juga harus ditingkatkan untuk memberi masyarakat nagari pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang tujuan dan pentingnya kegiatan pemberdayaan tersebut.
BUKU AJAR MATA KULIAH AKIDAH (Dari Akar Hingga Daun)
Authors: Nisak Nur Maslikhatun
Published: August 2023

Dalam bahasa Arab akidah berasal dari kata al-'aqdu (الْعَقْدُ) yang berarti ikatan, at-tautsiiqu (التَّوْثِيْقُ) yang berarti kepercayaan atau keyakinan yang kuat, al-ihkaamu (اْلإِحْكَامُ) yang artinya mengokohkan (menetapkan), dan ar-rabthu biquw-wah (الرَّبْطُبِقُوَّةٍ) yang berarti mengikat dengan kuat.Sedangkan menurut istilah (terminologi), akidah adalah iman yang teguh dan pasti, yang tidak ada keraguan sedikit pun bagi orang yang meyakininya.
Effect of Banana Stem Liquid Organic Fertilizer On Shallot Growth And Production (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Novianto Wahyu , Prihatiningrum Andriani Eko
Published: August 2023

The study-aims-to-determine-the-effect-of POC (liquid-organic-fertilizer) concentration of-banana-stems and-the interval of-application-of POC (liquid-organic-fertilizer) banana-stems on-the growth-and yield of onion plants. Conducted on private land, Tamanan Hamlet, Kepulungan Village, Gempol District, Pasuruan Regency from December 2022 to March 2023. Using factorial Group Randomized Design (RAK) and further tests using BNJ. The first-factor is-the concentration-of POC Banana Stems which-consists of-3 levels,-namely 100ml / L, 200ml / L, 300ml / L. while the-second-factor-is-the-interval-of-fertilizer-application-consisting of-3 levels,-namely-once-every-5-days,-once-every-10-days,-every-15-days, The-results-of variety analysis-show that-there is no-interaction between-the concentration of banana stem POC fertilizer and the time interval of POC fertilizer application. POC fertilizer concentration treatment has-a real-effect on observing plant-height, number-of bulbs and number-of POC fertilizer concentration treatment has-a real-effect on observing plant-height, number-of bulbs and number-of onion saplings, from banana stem POC fertilizer concentration treatment which can-produce-the-best wet weight-of shallots,-namely with a-concentration of 200ml/L.
Government or Donor: The Budget for HIV/AIDS Control and Financial Commitment in Bandung City, Indonesia
Authors: Mambea Indra Yudha , Prawiranegara Rozar , Maharani Febrina , Vadra Jorghi , Siregar Adiatma Y M , Bijlmakers Pande Leon
Published: August 2023

The number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia has steadily increased since 1987. West Java Province, especially Bandung City, had the highest HIV/AIDS cases among other districts/cities in 2016. Some stakeholders' interventions overlap with others, leading to inefficient use of the limited government budget and flattening international donor funding. This study aimed to estimate the HIV/AIDS budget in Bandung City and then segregate the share of the budget by funding source and objectives. This study was a part of the Priority Setting Involving Stakeholder Using Multiple Criteria (PRISMA) project in 2017 to prioritize HIV/AIDS interventions knowing that Bandung City had the highest HIV/AIDS cases. Data from several institutions and relevant budget allocations were obtained before (2016) and after (2018-2019) the PRISMA project. HIV/AIDS control programs in Bandung City largely depend on international funding: 49% in 2016 (~USD208,898), 85% in 2018 (~USD386,132), and 71% in 2019 (~USD389,943) for a total of ~USD1,433,216. The largest budget was allocated to core interventions, with prevention dominating the budget since 2018. The budget allocated for prevention increased significantly from 2016-2019, most likely under the influence of the PRISMA project.
Dietary Changes Among Normal and High Blood Pressure Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Victoria Bernadette , Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi , Putri Rizti Millva
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted adolescents' unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles, leading to an increase in blood pressure and obesity rate. High blood pressure among adolescents is an early indicator of adult hypertension, but this condition has received less attention recently. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the differences in dietary changes among high school students with normal and high blood pressure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in West Lampung District, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design was used, and the sample population consisted of 167 students aged 14-19 years. The results showed that 43 participants had elevated blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension, accounting for 25.7% of the total population. Among these participants, 14 (32.6%) were found to be overweight and obese. Based on the results, students with high blood pressure were less likely to improve their dietary choices during the COVID-19 pandemic than those with normal blood pressure.
COVID-19 Prevention in People Living with HIV/AIDS: Entering the Endemic Phase
Authors: Manurung Imelda F E , Takaeb Afrona E L , Cruz Jermias Da
Published: August 2023

The mortality and severity risks due to COVID-19 infection are higher in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) than those with no such condition. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between health literacy, social support, and the health belief model in PLWHA in preventing COVID-19 from entering the endemic phase. An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in October 2021 among 94 PLWHA selected by purposive sampling in Kupang City, Indonesia. The bivariate data analysis used the Chi-square, and the multivariate data analysis used the binomial logistic regression test. The results showed that 88.3% of the participants had poor COVID-19 literacy, 67% had low emotional support, and 71.3% had poor COVID-19 prevention behavior. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the factors with the strongest association, COVID-19 literacy (95% CI = 1.71–108.55; PR = 4.15)and emotional support (95% CI= 1.01–53.81; PR = 2.35), improve COVID-19 prevention behavior. Implementing communication, information, education, and policy strategies is important to improve literacy and emotional support to prevent COVID-19 from entering the endemic phase among PLWHA.
Rapid Utilizing Molecular Tests (RMT/RIF) in Tuberculosis Drug-Sensitive/Resistant Discovery in Indonesia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Herawati Maria Holly , Dasuki Dasuki , Lolong Dina Bisara , Widiyanti Mirna , Roosihermiatie Betty , Permata Ria Yuda , Raflizar Raflizar , Ahmadi Ferry , Supratikta Hadi , Veruswati Meita
Published: August 2023

The underdiagnosis and underreporting of tuberculosis (TB) indicators are unresolved problems. The rapid molecular test (RMT) is one of the breakthroughs for TB case finding by using safer and more sensitive equipment; it is even believed to help find drug-resistant TB. The results of several webinars held regularly by a TB program as well as its evaluation and the use of RMT formed the basis of this study. This initial pilot study aimed to provide an overview of case finding for both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB using RMT. A cross-sectional study was conducted on samples in several provinces in Indonesia that have used RMT, both in remote or non-remote island borders areas and fiscal capacity. Regarding the use of RMT for drug-sensitive TB case finding, the largest contributors were males aged above 15 years, while in the drug-resistant TB case finding group, the biggest contributor was the use of RMT in 2017 and 2018. Overall, the findings could only describe the situation in the study area. The use of RMT in drug-sensitive TB case finding would be maximized if the detected cases are males aged above 15 years, while RMT can help find cases of drug-resistant TB.
The Climate Effect on COVID-19: Lessons Learned from the Pandemic in Jakarta
Authors: Saki Vernonia Yora , Deniati Ema Novita , Saputra Yoerdy Agusmal , Susanna Dewi , Efendi Efendi
Published: August 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic has presented humanity with difficult and unforeseeable hurdles. Among these challenges is understanding how climate-related aspects impact the survival of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall, and the spread of COVID-19 cases in different regions. A time-and-place-based ecological study design was adopted, integrating geographic information systems and statistical techniques. Statistical testing revealed a significant association between humidity (p-value = 0.000; r = -0.777) and rainfall (p-value = 0.001; r = -0.561) with COVID-19 instances. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between temperature variables and COVID-19 cases. Due to the impact of changing weather conditions, governments may become concerned about developing tailored preventive and control measures, considering the varying risk levels associated with different locations.
Access to Social Media, Knowledge, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Post-Vaccination Health Protocols: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Armini Ni Luh Gde , Lubis Dinar Saurmauli , Widarini Ni Putu
Published: August 2023

The health protocols recommended by the health authorities still need to be practiced after having the COVID-19 vaccine. Education on the prevention of COVID-19 infection needs to continue to protect people from the disease. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with adhering to COVID-19post-vaccination health protocols in people aged 18 years and over in the South Denpasar Subdistrict. This cross-sectional study comprised a sample of 147 people who were selected by incidental sampling. The data were obtained using questionnaires from July to August 2022 and examined with bivariate and multivariate analysis. Most participants were female, private employees, went to senior high school, accessed social media, had high knowledge of COVID-19, and properly followed health protocols post-vaccination. However, only 34.7% of participants accepted the government’s policy for preventing COVID-19. Multivariate analysis showed that good social media access (aOR = 11.9; 95% CI = 3.6–39.8; p-value<0.001), high knowledge of COVID-19 infection (aOR= 2.6; 95% CI = 1.0–7.4; p-value = 0.044) and high acceptance of government policies (aOR = 4.1; 95% CI = 1.5–11.6; p-value = 0.006) were associated with the application of health protocols post-vaccination in people aged 18 years and over. In the studied group, having access to trusted social media, knowledge, and public acceptance of government policies led to adhering to the recommended health protocols post-vaccination.
Indonesia’s COVID-19 Trend After the End of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern: Preparation for an Endemic
Authors: Novarisa Nessa , Helda Helda , Mulyadi Rahmad
Published: August 2023

Three years into the pandemic, the World Health Organization revoked the COVID-19 public health emergency of international concern on May 5, 2023. This decision sparked debate, notably around the possibility of a surge in cases due to the SARS-CoV-2 mutations. To manage this transition, the Indonesian government enacted stringent controls on case numbers. This case series study provided an overview of COVID-19 case trends in Indonesia following the revocation of public health emergency of international concern status by the World Health Organization. Data were collected for 5 weeks after the statement (May 6–June 10, 2023) from the COVID-19 Task Force’s official online platform of the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The trends were monitored in daily confirmed, active, recovered, and death cases, and analyzed the data using Microsoft Excel and Stata 16. The findings indicated a positive trend for Indonesia, with decreased daily confirmed cases (89.42%) and active cases (44.16%). Recovered cases accounted for 97.47%, higher than the global average (96%). Unfortunately, the death rate (2.38%) exceeded the global statistic (1%). These results highlighted the need for sustained vigilance, enhancement of the 3T strategy (testing, tracing, and treatment), and wider vaccination coverage. It remains critical to uphold the 3M protocols—mask-wearing, physical distancing, and hand hygiene—to prevent a potential rebound in cases, even without the previously designated public health emergency of international concern status,as the situation transitions toward endemic COVID-19.
Rehabilitation Management to Improve Respiratory Function in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Survivors: A Literature Review
Authors: Wijaya Sergio Aldira , Nazir Arnengsih , Nusjirwan Rama
Published: August 2023

Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended. This study explored the implementation, outcomes, and barriers of such programs for severe and critical COVID-19 survivors, focusing on improving respiratory function. Articles search was conducted from October to November 2021 through Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs in severe and critical cases of COVID-19 survivors have a similar purpose in other respiratory cases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, including breathing, resistance, stretching, cardiorespiratory endurance exercises, respiratory physiotherapy, relaxation techniques, and education, significantly improved lung function and reduced symptoms. No studies exploring barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation were found. In conclusion, pulmonary rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 survivors with severe and critical cases have improved respiratory functions.
Infodemic, Health Promotion Efforts, and Preventive Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Quantitative Analysis Study
Authors: Kurniati Desak Putu Y , Indrayathi Putu Ayu , Pradnyani Putu Erma , Ulandari Luh Putu S , Januraga Pande Putu , Yuliarti Monika Sri , Santosa Karina Samaria
Published: August 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the first pandemic in history where technologies and social media are used on a large scale to make people safe, informed, productive, and connected. At the same time, these technologies enabled the rise of the infodemic, which endangered pandemic control. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 information exposure in the community, the efforts to find related information in online media, and COVID-19 preventive behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 909 participants in Indonesia using the consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed through social media (WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook) and analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis (Chi-square test), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The results showed that about 838 (92.2%) participants said they often or always obtain information about COVID-19 online, 662 (72.8%) participants stated that information from online sources increased their knowledge of the disease, and 728 (80.1%) said that online information enabled them to make preventive efforts. Marital status (AOR: 1.81, p-value = 0.002) and perceived susceptibility (AOR: 1.42, p-value= 0.011) were the most influential factors for COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Information sources and channels frequently accessed by the community must be professionally managed by the government as valuable tools for mitigating an epidemic or pandemic.
The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Growth and Personal Hygiene of Adolescents
Authors: Halifu Ruslan , Amiruddin Ahmad , Samrida Wa Ode Nesya J , Justin Wa Ode Sitti , Sari Selvi Mayang , Pabokori Sudirman
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the community's lifestyle, including adolescents’ behavior. One aspect majorly affected was physical growth, which encompasses several areas, including nutritional status and personal hygiene. Maintaining the quality of physical growth is very important, even beyond the pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents' nutritional status and personal hygiene. A literature review method was used through a bibliometric and content analysis of publications obtained from databases such as Google Scholar. The articles obtained were classified by publication year, study location, keywords, and journal titles. Based on the literature search, 11 articles were found on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nutritional status of adolescents, and 10 articles discussed the effect on personal hygiene. After reviewing the articles, it was concluded that the pandemic influenced adolescents' nutritional status and personal hygiene.
Improving Adolescent Mental Health Through Experiential Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yulinda Yulinda , Hufad Ahmad , Permana Elih Sudia , Robandi Babang , Wahyudin Uyu , Kamil Mustofa
Published: August 2023

Good adolescent mental health is a good investment for a country. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many adolescents did not carry out productive activities, possibly changing their mental health. Experiential learning facilitates metacognition, shapes adolescent cognitive processes, improves performance and problem-solving, and makes learning more meaningful and authentic. This study aimed to explore adolescents' mental health conditions and how experiential learning affects adolescents' mental health. Using a qualitative approach, the data collection through Google Forms questionnaire, FGDs, and interviews using the HEADSS instrument was conducted in September 2022 in Kebon Gedang Village, Batununggal Subdistrict, Bandung City, West Java Province, Indonesia. This study involved 73 adolescents aged 10-19 years as population. Still, only 59 participants were valid as a sample and willing to participate in making oil-based soap as a change for the monthly activity held by Integrated Health Care. The results showed that experiential learning by making oil-based soap at home improved adolescents' mental health by 80%. Following the learning objectives, this activity developed adolescents into healthy and economically successful individuals while significantly contributing to their community.
Assembly and optimization of an infared quantitative phase-contrast microscope for semiconductor inspection
Authors: Rossillion Guillaume , Grojo David
Published: August 2023

Laser-induced permanent modification inside silicon has been demonstrated by using tightly focused short pulses in the infared domain of the sepctrum, and has a broad field of applications. These include the fabrication of devices in Silicon Photonics with for instance the writing of monolytic waveguides by changing the local refractive index with silicon modifications. In order to characterize very precisely and quantitatively the accessible refractive index variations, we designed and assembled a microscope associated with an interferometer to apply the so-called phase-shifting measurement method with an infared wavelength. An interferometer close to a Mach-Zenhder configuration is first set. An arrangement of imaging lenses are then installed to operate the interferometer while imaging samples in transmission mode. The sample is placed on the way of one arm of the interferometer, meanwhile the second one is the reference path. The presence of modifications induces an optical path difference relative to the surrounding non-modified zone which can be quantitatively measured.
The safe ultimate antedisplacemental distance of the thoracic vertebrae in thoracic column antedisplacement and fixation: goat in vivo experiment
Authors: Shuang Zhang , Zou Xiaobao , Yang Haozhi , Deng Chenfu , Chen Junlin , Ma Rencai , Chen Yuyue , Xie Ningling , Li Hengrui , Wang Jianhua , Ma Xiangyang
Published: August 2023

Objective To investigate the safe ultimate antedisplacemental distance of the thoracic vertebrae in the new surgical technique of thoracic column antedisplacement and fixation (TCAF) in living goat model.
Methods A total of ten healthy goats were obtained, the T12, T13 and L1 were selected as the antedispalcemental vertebrae while T10, T11, L2 and L3 were chosen as fixed vertebrae. The X-ray was taken before surgery to measure the anteroposterior diameter of spinal canal and the width of the vertebrae of T12, T13 and L1. The TCAF was performed by using pedicle screw system to antedisplacethe vertebrae according to the adjustment of the length of the reserved thread under the somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring. The SSEP measured after the T11/12 and L1/2 discs were resected was set as the baseline, and the SSEP decreased by 50% from the baseline amplitude and/or delayed by 10% relative to the baseline peak latency were set as positive results, which indicated spinal cord injury (SCI). The vertebrae were gradually antedisplaced until the SSEP monitoring just did not show a positive result, then the length of the reserved thread (T12, T13 and L1) were recorded, and the antedisplacemental distance measured by postoperative imaging was regard as the ultimate distance. Exploring whether there was a correlation and linear relationship between the ultimate antedisplacemental distance and the related parameters of the vertebrae. Hindlimb function was evaluated by the Tarlov scores on day 2 postoperatively.
Results The ultimate antedisplacemental distance for TCAF was 8.0±0.2mm, and Pearson correlation test showed that there was a good correlation with the average anteroposterior diameter of spinal canal of the antedisplacemental segment and the average width of the vertebrae of the antedisplacemental segment. Linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the ultimate antedisplacemental distance (Y) and the average anteroposterior diameter of spinal canal of the antedisplacemental segment (X)and the linear equation was Y=-7.769+1.648X.
Conclusions In goat animal experiment, the ultimate antedisplacement distance for TCAF was 8.0 ± 0.2mm and there was a linear relationship between the ultimate antedisplacemental distance and the average anteroposterior diameter of spinal canal of the antedisplacemental segment. When the current displacement distance is less than this value, it will not cause spinal cord injury, that is, intraoperative real-time SSEP has no positive results. Thus, TCAF is a safe operation method.
Selective bioorthogonal probe for N-glycan hybrid structures
Authors: Hanover John , Mukherjee Mana , Abramowitz Lara , Kumar Bhoj , Azadi Parastoo
Published: August 2023

Metabolic incorporation of chemically tagged monosaccharides is a facile means of labelling cellular glycoprotein and glycolipids. Yet, since the monosaccharide precursors are often shared by several pathways, selectivity has been difficult to attain. For example, N-linked glycosylation is a chemically complex, and ubiquitous post translational modification with three distinct classes of GlcNAc-containing N-glycan structures: oligomannose, hybrid, and complex. Here we describe synthesis of 1,3-Pr2-6-OTs GlcNAlk as a next generation metabolic chemical reporter (MCR) for the specific labeling of hybrid N-glycan structures. We first developed a general strategy for defining the selectivity of labelling with chemically tagged monosaccharides. We then applied this approach to establish that 1,3-Pr2-6-OTs GlcNAlk is specifically incorporated into hybrid N-glycans. Using this MCR as a detection tool, we carried out imaging experiments to define the intracellular localization and trafficking of target proteins bearing hybrid N-glycan structures.
Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome with profound abdominal lymphangiohemangioma in a three-day- old newborn: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wei Shih Yang , Liu Yu Peng , Lin Dao Chen , Tsai Pei Shan
Published: August 2023

Background: The congenital limb-length-discrepancy disorders, such as Parkes Weber syndrome and Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome are commonly associated with a variety of vascular anomalies.Case presentation: We present the case of a three-day-old newborn with a profound abdominal mass lesion during prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)examination. After delivery, physical examination revealed mild hemihypertrophy of the left lower extremity and red spots on the left thigh. MRI of the abdomen showed a cyst-like lesion measuring 6.3 × 2.7 × 5.5 cm in the upper abdomen. Within the mass, there were also some possible calcified spots exhibiting high T1WI signals and low T2WI signals. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was consistent with an ill-defined cystic tumor with small calcifications and encasement of mesenteric vessels. A MRI of the left lower extremity showed a tubular structure with a signal void and homogeneous strong enhancement located in the anterior subcutis of the left lower limb. The CT scan confirmed that the tubular structure was consistent with a venous malformation. This patient had features of Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome, including port-wine stains, a profound abdominal mass, and vascular malformations of the left lower extremity.Conclusions: Early distinction between Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome and Parkes Weber syndrome was essential based on the identification of significant hemodynamic arteriovenous fistulas. The rare presence of an abdominal lymphangiohemangioma served as an important clue for early diagnosis of Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome.
Assessing the Efficacy of Virtual Reality Trauma Surgery Training as Compared to Cadaveric Training
Authors: Groves Heather , Fuller Kristina , Mahon Vondel , Butkus Steven , Varshney Amitabh , Brawn Barbara , Heagerty Jonathan , Li Sida , Lee Eric , Murthi Sarah B. , Puche Adam C.
Published: August 2023

Background
In traditional surgical educational settings multiple trainees share a cadaver, often due to logistical and fiscal limitations precluding routine one-to-one trainee to cadaver ratios. Thus, some procedures are learned via observation of a fellow trainee performance rather than hands on performance. Cadaveric training opportunities are rarer for those practicing in low resource environments such as rural communities yielding training inequity and in military combat zones. This pilot study assessed feasibility of virtual reality surgical educational training (VR-SET) in open trauma surgery procedures compared to in person cadaver-based training (CBT).
Methods
Medical students (4th year, n = 10) who completed VR-SET training were compared to a control group (residents, n = 22) who completed an in-person Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma (ASSET) course. Participants were evaluated on performance of a lower extremity fasciotomy on a cadaver.
Results
VR-SET study participants decompressed an average of 2.45 ± 1.09 (range 1 to 4) compartments compared to the control group decompressed had an average of 2.06 ± 0.93 (range 0.5 to 4), statistically indistinguishable between the groups (p = 0.35). Numerical scores for anatomic knowledge, surgical management, and procedure performance were also not significantly different between groups. Control subjects had significantly higher pathophysiology knowledge and surgical technique scores.
Conclusions
Overall, VR-SET participants were indistinguishable from the in-person CBT cohort in number of compartments successfully decompressed. This pilot study suggests utilization of VR technologies in trauma educational settings may be effective and considered as a cost-effective solution for training to supplement cadaveric based courses.
Monitoring of the flow velocities and directions of fissure water in bedrock： based on colloidal particle motion, south-central China
Authors: Huang Chang-Sheng , Hu Fei , Han Ji-Hong , Huang Wei , Hou Bao-Quan , Akram Waseem , Li Long , Liu Xue-Hao , Li Xuan , Li Xiao-Zhe , Han Wen-Jing , Yin Zhi-Bin , Chen Wei , Xu Lian-Shan , Shan Hua , Zhao Zi-Liang
Published: August 2023

The colloidal borescope, using colloidal particle motion, is used to monitor the flow velocities and directions of groundwater. It integrates advanced techniques such as microscopy, high-speed photography, and big data computing and enjoys high sensitivity at the micron level. Data analyses have revealed that colloidal borescope monitoring results are significantly higher than conventional hydrogeological monitoring results and calculations. This study analyzed the monitoring data of the flow velocities and directions of bedrock fissure groundwater from five wells in the mountains, hills, inland plains and coastal plains of south-central China and plotted the motion trajectories of colloidal particles in the groundwater. Based on these results, it proposed a concept of cumulative flow velocity, before summarizing four types of cumulative flow velocity vs. monitoring time curves. Using curve-fitting equations, the limits of cumulative flow velocities as the monitoring time tends to infinity were then calculated as the actual flow velocities of the groundwater. This procedure is referred to as the limit equation method. The results of this study were as follows: (1) the fissure water in bedrock in south-central China has an instantaneous velocity of 415.42‒635.17 µm/s, a mean 10 min velocity of 339.25‒432.16 µm/s, a cumulative flow velocity of 188.30‒412.92 µm/s, and an actual flow velocity of 186.82‒412.95 µm/s; (2) the flow velocity of the bedrock fissure groundwater is related to factors such as aquifer lithology, fracturing degree, the filling conditions of fractures, and the homogeneity of structural surfaces; and (3) overall, the actual and cumulative flow velocities of the groundwater in aquifers of different lithologies can be sequenced as: fissure water in vesicular basalts > fissure water in the solution-enlarged fractures in limestones > fissure water in schists > fissure water in granites.
Accumulation of F-actin drives brain aging and limits healthspan in Drosophila
Authors: Walker David , Schmid Edward , Schinaman Joseph , Williams Kylie
Published: August 2023

The actin cytoskeleton is a key determinant of cell and tissue homeostasis. However, tissue-specific roles for actin dynamics in aging, notably brain aging, are not understood. Here, we show that there is an age-related increase in filamentous actin (F-actin) in Drosophila brains, which is counteracted by prolongevity interventions. Critically, modulating F-actin levels in aging neurons prevents age-onset cognitive decline and extends organismal healthspan. Mechanistically, we show that autophagy, a recycling process required for neuronal homeostasis, is disabled upon actin dysregulation in the aged brain. Remarkably, disrupting actin polymerization in aged animals with cytoskeletal drugs restores brain autophagy to youthful levels and reverses cellular hallmarks of brain aging. Finally, reducing F-actin levels in aging neurons slows brain aging and promotes healthspan in an autophagy-dependent manner. Our data identify excess actin polymerization as a hallmark of brain aging, which can be targeted to reverse brain aging phenotypes and prolong healthspan.