bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermochemical investigation of phenyl and benzyl benzoates as lignin-based models for hydrogen storage
Authors: Verevkin Sergey P. , Samarov Artemiy A. , Vostrikov Sergey V.
Published: December 2024

The thermochemical properties of phenyl and benzyl benzoates, including vapour pressures, enthalpies of vaporisation and enthalpies of formation, were the subject of this study. The datasets for each thermodynamic property were evaluated using quantum chemical calculations and structure–property correlations and recommended for engineering calculations. The energetics of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions relevant to hydrogen storage were calculated and compared with the enthalpies of reactions of conventional liquid organic hydrogen carriers.

Graphical Abstract
Characterizing global work-conserving scheduling tardiness with uniform instances on multiprocessors
Authors: Buzzega Giovanni , Montangero Manuela
Published: December 2024

Soft real-time multiprocessor systems need scheduling policies introducing small overheads and for which it is possible to give guarantees on tardiness (i.e., the maximum delay that might arise with respect to job deadlines) in order to assess their feasibility in specific applications. For these reasons, lightweight policies such as Global Earliest Deadline First, and First-in First-out are preferred. Much effort has been spent in literature to provide efficiently computable tardiness bounds for periodic task systems scheduled on multiprocessors, but still, no exact bounds are known and results are given for specific classes of instances. In this paper, we use a work-conserving policy to schedule uniform instances, namely synchronous and periodic task systems in which tasks have the same period length and the same job length. We analytically derive a tight bound on the maximum tardiness and we give the exact length of the schedule hyper-period, showing that the latter can be computed in time linear in the number of processors. This result provides a lower bound to tardiness for the more general class of instances and is intended to close the gap with the upper bound from below.
Brick Walls and Broken Hearts: Physicians Draw how they Feel About Treating Pain and Addiction
Authors: Villarroel Lisa R. , Mardian Aram S. , Townsend Cynthia O. , Brown Steven R.
Published: December 2024

As part of a continuing medical education activity, primary care physicians in Arizona were asked to draw how they feel about treating patients with chronic pain and addiction. Their drawings, complete with cliffs, walls, torn-out hair, and connected hearts, make for a harrowing look at burnout, angst, and empathy among physicians who treat this subset of patients. Public health and exercise facilitators were troubled, leading them to publish this essay along with a selection of the drawings that depict the feelings of the physicians who feel ill-prepared to treat this patient population, which is only growing in number and needs.
Relaxation Dynamics of (6,5) Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Under Xylyl Functionalization
Authors: Lin Chia-Hung , Shih Wen-Kai , Konno Yui , Zhao Pei , Maeda Yutaka , Ehara Masahiro , Kobayashi Takayoshi , Yabushita Atsushi
Published: December 2024

Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been reported to tune the photoluminescence (PL) properties of SWNTs. In bioimaging applications, a PL signal excited by near-infrared (NIR) light is preferred because of the high transparency of biological tissues. Although it is missing in dispersed SWNT, chemical functionalization of SWNT using $$\alpha ,\alpha^ {\prime}$$

α
,

α
′

-dibromo-o-xylene (SWNT-xylyl) has been reported to have a new PL peak at 1231 nm, with intense emission upon NIR excitation. In this work, an ultrashort laser pulse was used to investigate the electronic and vibrational dynamics for two samples of SWNT and SWNT-xylyl. Global fitting analysis of the transient absorption spectroscopy data showed that electronic decay dynamics were comparable between the two samples. The transient absorption spectroscopy data measured with the ultrashort laser pulse whose duration is much shorter than the molecular vibration period enabled us to observe the vibration-induced modulation signal in the time domain. A difference between the two samples was found for the dynamics of the G-mode: alkylation by o-xylyl caused a frequency downshift that was not observed in the dispersed SWNTs. It is believed that the G-mode in SWNT-xylyl is initially localized on SWNT, followed by intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution with a time constant of $$239\pm 29$$

239
±
29

 fs.
Fast and Nondestructive Mechanical Characterization of Thermally Sprayed and Laser Cladded Coatings: Automated Surface Acoustic Wave Spectroscopy as a New Tool for Quality Control and Research
Authors: Zawischa Martin , Makowski Stefan , Toma Filofteia-Laura
Published: December 2024

Laser-induced surface acoustic wave spectroscopy (LISAWS) allows quick and nondestructive evaluation of the elastic properties such as the Young’s modulus of coatings, surfaces and surface-near bulk materials. Furthermore, the mechanical weakening due to cracks and pores can be evaluated, as they influence the propagation of surface waves as well. This makes the method a fast, accurate and versatile tool for surface characterization, and it is increasingly used in research and development, and quality control. The short measurement time of the LISAWS method allows the time-efficient distribution of the effective Young's modulus over the coated surface to be determined. For this purpose, an industrial LAwave measurement system was automated to allow for processing of a larger number of samples and fast mappings. The investigated coating materials were thermally sprayed Al2O3 insulation coatings and WC-reinforced 316L steel coatings on brake disks produced by laser cladding, respectively. For the Al2O3 coatings, the correlation between the Young's modulus and its areal distribution is shown for different process parameters, such as spray gun movement direction or spray distance, and compared with results from pull-off tests. For the WC/316L-coated brake disks, the distribution of the wave velocity over the coated surfaces or the two coated sides of different disks with varying coating qualities is used to assess the coating quality and homogeneity.
Quality of life in long-term breast cancer survivors in Sub-Saharan Africa: the African Breast Cancer–Disparities in Outcomes study
Authors: Boucheron Pauline , McCormack Valerie , Naamala Allen , Oyamienlen Chris Sule , Pontac Johanna , Kaggwa Agnes , Nakazibwe Teopista , Nteziryayo Ann , Ezeigbo Esther , Iwuoha Kingsley , Elishi Selma , Galukande Moses , Anele Angelica , Zietsman Annelle , Foerster Milena , Schüz Joachim , dos-Santos-Silva Isabel
Published: December 2024

Purpose

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), breast cancer survivors’ (BCS) quality of life (QoL) remains understudied. We compared QoL in BCS to cancer-free (CF) women across SSA settings with different levels of development, healthcare systems, ethnic compositions, and HIV prevalence.

Methods

In 2022–2023, all 5 + year BCS from the African Breast Cancer–Disparities in Outcomes study and age-matched CF women from the community setting answered the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire in Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda. For each WHOQOL-BREF domain and general item, we estimated BCS-CF adjusted mean differences (AMD) in scores in absolute percentage points (p.p.).

Results

Overall, 862 women (BCS 357 vs. CF 505) (mean age ± SD, 57.5 ± 12.5 vs. 55.1 ± 11.2; tertiary education, 30% vs. 20%) were included. BCS reported higher/better overall QoL (AMD (95% CI) 10.65 p.p. (7.56, 13.74), i.e., ~ 40% of a change in QoL category), general health (5.84 (2.71, 8.98)), psychological (3.46 (1.43, 5.49)), social relationships (3.94 (1.25, 6.63)), and environment scores (4.27 (1.88, 6.67)) than CF women. There was no BCS-CF difference for physical health in all settings (1.52 (− 0.82, 3.87)), psychological health in Namibian Black women (0.58 (− 2.90, 4.06)), and social relationships in Nigeria (− 0.33 (− 5.81, 5.14)). BCS reported both lower energy and sexual life satisfaction than CF women.

Conclusions

In SSA, long-term BCS have slightly better QoL than CF women except for physical health. Areas for which BCS scored lower or similar than CF women may indicate BCS’ QoL issues.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

BCS-only studies using cancer-specific QoL questionnaires are needed to better characterize BCS’ QoL in SSA.
Site-specific weathering of coatings: I. Accelerated protocol for temperate climate in Central Europe and numerical simulations
Authors: Wanner Matthias , Oehler Harald , Neumann Alexander , Lellinger Dirk , Alig Ingo
Published: December 2024

Inspired by an improved accelerated weathering protocol to anticipate Florida exposure behavior of coatings, designated as new protocol (NP),1 which is implemented in the ASTM D7869-13 standard, a weathering protocol is proposed to replicate the exposure in the temperate climate in Stuttgart (Germany). This protocol, designated as ZykStuttgart, has been developed by adapting the steps proposed by the NP to the climate in Stuttgart. Therefore, weather data from Homestead (Florida/USA) and Stuttgart has been analyzed and compared. Numerical simulations of water uptake and hygro-thermal stresses for model coatings were performed for varying cycle designs and using time-resolved outdoor weather data to support protocol development.
In vitro and in silico study on glucosylation of caprylyl glycol
Authors: Zakaria Morshed Md , Upadhyaya Siddha Raj , Parajuli Niranjan , Thapa Samir Bahadur , Amoah Obed Jackson , Sohng Jae Kyung
Published: December 2024

Caprylyl glycol is commonly used in the cosmetic industry due to its good antimicrobial and skin-dehydrating properties. It has numerous applications in the pharmaceutical industry in drug formulations. However, its utility is diminished due to its insoluble nature which restricts its applicability in various cosmetic formulations and industrial products. This study introduces a cost-effective method for glycosylating caprylyl glycol by using sucrose as an inexpensive alternative to uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) catalyzed by Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS). This system offers numerous advantages including swiftness, directness of product formation from the substrate, efficacy, thermal stability, and regiostability in vitro at 40 °C. This study demonstrated an impressive conversion of approximately 95% in vitro and produced a novel caprylyl glycol 2-O-glucoside, which HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry characterized. Molecular docking of DgAS with caprylyl glycol and its glycoside supported the proposed mechanism for enzymatic synthesis of caprylyl glycol 2-O-glucoside in vitro. Furthermore, density functional theory-based analysis also precluded the acidic nature of the secondary hydroxyl group (susceptible nucleophilic center) of caprylyl glycol where glucosylation was confirmed. The outcomes of this work will be beneficial for synthesizing similar glycosides for industrial applications.
Influencer marketing on Instagram—The optimal disclosure strategy from influencers’ and marketers’ perspectives
Authors: Saternus Zofia , Mihale-Wilson Cristina , Hinz Oliver
Published: December 2024

This article explores the impact of different advertising disclosure strategies (i.e., explicit sponsorship disclosure, concealing disclosure, impartiality disclosure, and no disclosure) in influencer marketing on influencer-related outcomes (user engagement, user sentiment, and influencer credibility) and marketer-related outcomes (user attitude towards the brand and users’ intention to purchase). We conducted two field experiments and an online survey with an experimental design in collaboration with an active micro-influencer on Instagram. The results of the studies indicate that from a marketers’ perspective, it is best when influencers promote products as genuine recommendations and use impartiality disclosure. From an influencer’s perspective, the optimal disclosure strategy depends on whether the influencer seeks to improve engagement with their content or their levels of credibility. When influencers’ primary focus is to increase engagement, if they provide information on sponsorship or non-sponsorship, they do not have to worry about decreasing engagement rates due to the employed disclosure strategy. Suppose influencers’ goal is to increase their credibility. In that case, it depends on their content (whether it is rich in genuine recommendations or sponsored content) and the group they want to target—i.e., if they seek to target followers versus non-followers.
Optimizing crowd evacuation: evaluation of strategies for safety and efficiency
Authors: Oliveira Hugo S.
Published: December 2024

Predicting and controlling crowd dynamics in emergencies is one of the main objectives of simulated emergency exercises. However, during emergency exercises, there is often a lack of sense of danger by the actors involved and concerns about exposing real people to potentially dangerous environments. These problems impose limitations in running an emergency drill, harming the collection of valuable information for posterior analysis and decision-making. This work aims to mitigate these problems by using Agent Based Modelling (ABM) simulator to deepen the comprehension of human actions when exposed to a sudden variation in extensive crowded environmental conditions and how evacuation strategies affect evacuation performance. To assess the impact of the evacuation strategy employed, we propose a modified informed leader-flowing approach and compare it with common evacuation strategies in a simulated environment, replicating stadium benches with narrow corridors leading to different exit points. The objective is to determine the impact of each set of configurations and evacuation strategies and compare them against other established ones. Our experiments determined that agents following the crowd generally lead to a higher number of victims due to the rise of herding phenomena near the exits, which was significantly reduced when agents were guided towards the exit via knowing the exit beforehand or following leader agent with real-time information regarding exit location and exit current state, proving that relevant and controlled information in combination with Follow Leader strategies can be crucial in an emergency evacuation scenario with limited evacuation exit capabi and distribution.
Blinder Fleck Beckenboden – wenn die Blase in die Jahre kommt
Authors: Müller Katharina , Najjari Laila
Published: December 2024

Beim urogenitalen Menopausensyndrom („genitourinary syndrome of menopause“ [GSM]) handelt es sich um ein häufiges Problem, welches die Lebensqualität der postmenopausalen Frauen deutlich verschlechtert. Es ist entscheidend, dass man das kleine Becken dabei als Ganzheit sieht, um die mit dem Syndrom einhergehenden Symptome effektiv und multimodal behandeln zu können. Jeder Arzt sollte Frauen rechtzeitig über das Syndrom aufklären und frühzeitig mit einer Behandlung anfangen. Bei allen Formen des GSM ist die erste Therapie der Wahl die lokale Östrogenisierung (2 ×/Woche). Wichtig ist zu beachten, dass eine systemische Anwendung zu einer Beschwerdezunahme führen kann. Weitere konservative Therapieoptionen sind Beckenbodentraining mit Biofeedback und die Anwendung von Pessaren. Bei der Pulsationszystozele besteht ein zentraler Fasziendefekt, der durch eine vordere Kolporrhaphie behoben werden kann. Tension-free-vaginal-tape(TVT)-Einlagen, ob transobturatorisch oder retrosymphysär, sind der Goldstandard bei den Inkontinenzoperationen und zeigen hohe Kontinenzraten. Bei der überaktiven Blase (OAB) gilt eine Stufentherapie. Wenn die verschiedenen medikamentösen Optionen keine Linderung verschaffen, kann Botulinumtoxin A („off label“) injiziert werden. Bei fortbestehenden Beschwerden kann die Einlage eines Blasenschrittmachers erwogen werden.
Der Effekt von Yoga auf kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren bei Frauen
Authors: Re Rebecca
Published: December 2024

Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen verursachen eine hohe Mortalität und Morbidität bei Frauen. Nach der Menopause steigt das Risiko für eine koronare Herzerkrankung bei Frauen an. Zahlreiche Risikofaktoren, die zur Entstehung der Erkrankung beitragen können, sind modifizierbar. Dieser Übersichtsartikel zeigt den Effekt von Yoga auf verschiedene kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren bei Frauen. Entscheidende Risikofaktoren bei Frauen sind Adipositas, Diabetes mellitus Typ II, Hypertonie, Dyslipidämie, Nikotinkonsum, Bewegungsmangel und ungesunde Ernährung. Aber auch Stress, Ängste und Depressionen gehören dazu. Stress scheint viele Risikofaktoren zentral zu beeinflussen. Risikofaktoren zu reduzieren, würde zur Senkung der Inzidenz führen und damit auch die Prävalenz von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen senken. Ein neuer Ansatz ist die Integration von Yoga in die Empfehlungen zur Prävention und somit in den Alltag von Frauen. Yoga ist ein sicheres, kostengünstiges und vor allem bei Frauen akzeptiertes, sogar willkommenes Mittel, um das Wohlbefinden und die Gesundheit zu fördern. Yoga hat unter anderem dank Stressreduktion und günstiger Beeinflussung des autonomen Nervensystems sowie der zusätzlichen Bewegungskomponente einen positiven Einfluss auf den Glukosestoffwechsel, das Gesamt-Cholesterin, sowie den systolischen Blutdruck. Alles in allem, insbesondere durch den kumulativen Effekt und die risikoarme Anwendungsweise, ist Yoga durchaus empfehlenswert zur Reduktion von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen bei Frauen.
Turtle species extinction across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary
Authors: Vlachos Evangelos
Published: December 2024

The last mass extinction event some 66 million years ago at the Late Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary caused the extinction of many clades, including the non-avian dinosaurs. Turtles, as well as several other vertebrate clades, survived. However, the debate about whether the diversity of turtles was affected during this event is still ongoing. Here, I calculate a global turtle diversity curve at the species level that shows that the diversity of turtle species was already in decline since the Campanian, before the extinction event, and was further reduced during the Danian. The sample coverage of turtle occurrences at the stage level is also calculated and discussed.
Bias and Debiasing Strategies in Qualitative Data Collection
Authors: Zahle Julie
Published: December 2024

A widespread view has it that qualitative research in the social sciences is of poor quality because it lacks effective debiasing methods. In this paper, I zoom in on researcher bias in qualitative data collection. First, I provide a brief outline of qualitative data collection and develop a suitable account of bias. On that basis, I argue that qualitative researchers may mitigate researcher bias through the combined use of two strategies that capitalize on main characteristics of qualitative data collection. Lastly, I defend the two debiasing strategies against possible objections to their effectiveness.
Legitimize or Delegitimize? Mainstream Party Strategy toward (Former) Pariah Parties and How Voters Respond
Authors: DAUR VALENTIN
Published: December 2024

Mainstream parties have often shifted from initially portraying new competitors as undemocratic pariahs (i.e., a delegitimizing strategy) to portraying the same parties later as democratic (i.e., a legitimizing strategy). I argue that voters follow mainstream parties’ legitimizing strategies in their legitimacy evaluations of these parties. I investigate this argument with two independent survey experiments and a quantitative media content analysis in two countries that differ sharply in the nature of party competition—from mainstream parties delegitimizing a far-right party (i.e., Germany) to mainstream parties legitimizing it (i.e., Sweden). I find strong evidence that (a) mainstream parties can effectively legitimize pariah parties in the eyes of voters, (b) turning back to delegitimization has little effect, (c) legitimization is no less effective in the face of a third party’s delegitimizing strategy, and (d) legitimization resonates beyond co-partisans. The results suggest that mainstream party legitimization of pariah parties has far-reaching consequences.
What Can We Learn about the Effects of Democracy Using Cross-National Data?
Authors: DOUCETTE JONATHAN STAVNSKÆR
Published: December 2024

More than 1,100 studies have been published that examine the effects of democracy using cross-national data since 2000. This article examines whether these analyses have sufficient statistical power to detect an effect of democracy. Using Monte Carlo simulation and examining consensus effects previously reported in the literature, the article finds that studies are only powered to detect very strong effects of democracy when examining countries over time. This raises questions about what sort of relationships can be analyzed using cross-national data.
Graph theory approaches for molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Patel Amun C. , Sinha Souvik , Palermo Giulia
Published: December 2024

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics that focuses on the study of graphs (networks of nodes and edges), provides a robust framework for analysing the structural and functional properties of biomolecules. By leveraging molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, atoms or groups of atoms can be represented as nodes, while their dynamic interactions are depicted as edges. This network-based approach facilitates the characterization of properties such as connectivity, centrality, and modularity, which are essential for understanding the behaviour of molecular systems. This review details the application and development of graph theory-based models in studying biomolecular systems. We introduce key concepts in graph theory and demonstrate their practical applications, illustrating how innovative graph theory approaches can be employed to design biomolecular systems with enhanced functionality. Specifically, we explore the integration of graph theoretical methods with MD simulations to gain deeper insights into complex biological phenomena, such as allosteric regulation, conformational dynamics, and catalytic functions. Ultimately, graph theory has proven to be a powerful tool in the field of molecular dynamics, offering valuable insights into the structural properties, dynamics, and interactions of molecular systems. This review establishes a foundation for using graph theory in molecular design and engineering, highlighting its potential to transform the field and drive advancements in the understanding and manipulation of biomolecular systems.
How should policymakers, funders, and research teams mobilize to build the evidence base on universal early years services?
Authors: Harron Katie , Kendall Sally , Bunting Catherine , Cassidy Rebecca , Atkins Julie , Clery Amanda , Saloniki Eirini-Christina , Cavallaro Francesca , Bedford Helen , Mc Grath-Lone Louise , Liu Mengyun , Woodman Jenny
Published: December 2024

Health visiting in England is a universal service that aims to promote the healthy development of children aged under five years and safeguard their welfare. We consulted stakeholders about their priorities for research into health visiting and also used these consultations and a literature review to generate a logic model. Parents wanted research to explore how health visiting teams can provide a caring, responsive, accessible service (the mechanisms of change). Policymakers, commissioners, and clinical service leads wanted descriptions and evaluations of currently implemented and ‘gold standard’ health visiting. The challenges to evaluating health visiting (data quality, defining the intervention, measuring appropriate outcomes, and estimating causal effects) mean that quasi-experimental studies that rely on administrative data will likely underestimate impact or even fail to detect impact where it exists. Prospective and experimental studies are needed to understand how health visiting influences infant–parent attachments, breastfeeding, childhood accidents, family nutrition, school readiness, and mental health and well-being.
Hidden in Plain Sight – Staff Exposure to Suicide and Responses to a New, Systemic Model of Workplace Postvention
Authors: Clements Alison , Ennals Priscilla , Young Susan , Andriessen Karl
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Background: Exposure to suicide is associated with a range of psychosocial harms which Australian employers have a legislated responsibility to mitigate. Aims: Examine the impact of suicide on staff, current workplace responses and the efficacy of a new, systemic model of workplace postvention. Method: Interviews and focus groups with 54 staff in 22 workplaces from the commercial, government, and not-for-profit sectors. Results: Every participant had experienced the suicide of a client or colleague and reported a range of short- and long-term negative impacts, including suicidal ideation. This contrasted with the overall lack of workplace postvention, which increased the risks of psychosocial harms to staff. The new model was effective in tailoring a systemic approach to workplace postvention. Limitations: The small size of the sample limits generalizability; however, the prevalence of exposure to suicide and lack of workplace preparedness were strikingly consistent. Conclusion: The impact of suicide on staff is significant and current workplace responses are ineffective and potentially harmful. The new model improves staff and workplace preparedness through tailored and co-designed training, governance and supports.
Continuously superior-strong carbon nanofibers by additive nanostructuring and carbonization of polyacrylonitrile jetting
Authors: Deng Jufeng , Liu Chong , Madou Marc
Published: December 2024

Carbon nanofibers show the advantages of scale effects on electrical and mechanical properties for applications such as aerospace1,2, automotive3,4, and energy5,6, but have to confront the challenge of maximizing the role of scale effects. Here, a method of additive nanostructuring and carbonization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) jetting for the nano-forming of carbon fibers is developed by understanding the electrostatic submicro-initiation of a PAN jetting, altering the microstructure of PAN-based jetting fibers at the nanoscale and implementing subsequent carbonization of PAN jetting nanofiber. Using this method of additive nanostructuring and carbonization in combination with the radial distribution pattern of shear stress, we find that the conformation of some molecular chains inside the PAN nanofibers is transformed into the zigzag conformation. The ability to materialize and carbonize such PAN nanofibers with various conformational structures in the form of arrays on diverse micro-structures and macro-substrates enables the forming of continuous carbon nanofibers with a diameter of ~20 nm and allows the tensile strength of carbon fibers to be enhanced to 212 GPa through the combination of zigzag conformation and nanoscale effects. These advantages create opportunities for the application of maximizing nanoscale effects that have not previously been technically possible.
AgOTf-catalyzed cascade annulation of 5-hexyn-1-ols and aldehydes: enabling the diastereoselective synthesis of [6,6,6]-trioxa-fused ketals and hexahydro-2H-chromenes
Authors: Vinodkumar Ramavath , Nakate Ashwini K. , Krishna Gamidi Rama , Kontham Ravindar
Published: December 2024

We report the unprecedented diastereoselective synthesis of novel [6,6,6]-trioxa-fused ketals via AgOTf-catalyzed cascade annulation of 5-hexyn-1-ols (with primary or secondary hydroxyl groups) and aldehydes through a [2+2+1+1] pathway.
A sandwich-like heterometallic Fe7Sn6 oxo cluster constructed by tessellation of an Anderson-like {Fe7} wheel for near-infrared photothermal conversion
Authors: Tian Xiu-Juan , Lu Qian , Li Shi-Li , Zhang Xian-Ming
Published: December 2024

By adopting the coordination-driven assembly strategy, we have synthesized a heterometallic Fe7Sn6 oxo cluster with a sandwich-like configuration of Sn3–Fe7–Sn3, which exhibits excellent photothermal conversion properties.
Development of ROS-triggered masked liposomes for activated cellular delivery using a charge balance strategy
Authors: Mustafa Mayesha B. , Lou Jinchao , Phillips Miranda A. , Turner Robert F. , Baccile Joshua A. , Best Michael D.
Published: December 2024

We report a charge balance strategy for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered activation of liposome cell delivery by unmasking cationic membranes.
Pure spin currents induced by asymmetric H-passivation in B3C2P3 nanoribbons
Authors: He Jing-Jing , Dong Jia-Bei , Liu Ling-Xiao , Cao Qin-Yue , Gu Jun-Yi , Zhang Ying , Hua Min , Yuan Jia-Ren , Yan Xiao-Hong
Published: December 2024

Electronic and magnetic properties of B3C2P3 nanoribbons are modulated by various H-passivation schemes, among which an asymmetric H-passivation scheme enables bipolar magnetic semiconductors resulting in pure spin currents.
Exploring buoyancy-driven effects in chemo-hydrodynamic oscillations sustained by bimolecular reactions
Authors: Bigaj Adam , Budroni Marcello A. , Rongy Laurence
Published: December 2024

Oscillatory dynamics are known to arise from an antagonistic coupling between chemically-driven buoyancy and Marangoni convective flows. In a cooperative situation, the buoyancy-driven effect dampens spatio-temporal oscillations of concentration.
Elucidation of the Co4+ state with strong charge-transfer effects in charged LiCoO2 by resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy at the Co L3 edge
Authors: Asakura Daisuke , Sudayama Takaaki , Nanba Yusuke , Hosono Eiji , Kiuchi Hisao , Yamazoe Kosuke , Miyawaki Jun , Harada Yoshihisa , Yamada Atsuo , Wang Ru-Pan , de Groot Frank M. F.
Published: December 2024

To understand the electronic-structure change of LiCoO2 during charge–discharge, we performed ex situ resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy of the Co L3 edge in combination with charge-transfer multiplet calculations.
Assignment of IR spectra of ethanol at Brønsted sites of H-ZSM-5 to monomer adsorption using a Fermi resonance model
Authors: Kumar Dipanshu , Sauer Joachim , Airi Alessia , Bordiga Silvia , Galimberti Daria Ruth
Published: December 2024

The theoretical B3LYP+D2 spectrum of a single adsorbed ethanol molecule at H-ZSM-5 described using the Fermi resonance model allows us to assign all the vibrational bands in the experimentally measured spectrum.
Polyoxometalates as advanced-performance anions for ∼D5h Dy(iii) single-ion magnets
Authors: Lowe Ethan , Wilson Claire , Canaj Angelos B. , Murrie Mark
Published: December 2024

Enhancing single-ion magnet (SIM) magnetisation reversal barriers using a bulky polyoxometalate (POM) trianion to engineer the second coordination sphere.
Scalable depolymerizing transesterification and amidation of (poly)lactic acid (PLA) enabled by resonant acoustic mixing (RAM)
Authors: Makarov Anton S. , Rueping Magnus
Published: December 2024

Efficient, operationally simple, and scalable conversion of post-consumer (poly)lactic acid into lactate esters and lactamides.
Efficient production of citric acid from lignocellulose hydrolysate by metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Lu Minrui , Sha Yuanyuan , Zhang Yuwei , Ge Mianshen , Xu Zhaoxian , Jin Mingjie
Published: December 2024

Engineering Yarrowia lipolytica for sustainably synthesizing citric acid from undetoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysate.
High-throughput microfluidic spheroid technology for early detection of colistin-induced nephrotoxicity with gradient-based analysis
Authors: Lee Yugyeong , Choi Yunsang , Chun Ju Lan , Kim Hong Bin , Kim Sejoong , Kim Eu Suk , Park Sungsu
Published: December 2024

A Spheroid Nephrotoxicity Assessing Platform (SNAP) is a microfluidic device designed to detect colistin-induced toxicity in RPTEC spheroids within 48 hours. It operates with 200 μL of patient plasma, making it suitable for limited clinical samples.
Probing non-peptide agonists binding at the human nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor: a molecular modelling study
Authors: Gozzi Matteo , Malfacini Davide , Albanese Valentina , Pacifico Salvatore , Preti Delia , Guerrini Remo , Calò Girolamo , Ciancetta Antonella
Published: December 2024

Short MD simulations help identify the putative bioactive conformation of small molecule agonists at the NOP receptor providing useful information for the structure-based design of novel analgesic drugs.
Preparation of magnetic ZIF-8/reduced graphene oxide composite aerogels for efficient removal of ofloxacin
Authors: Chen Zhangxu , Meng Fanli , Cai Qihong , Fu Minglian , Zhu Danchen
Published: December 2024

Fe3O4/ZIF-8/rGO composite aerogels were prepared and an orthogonal test was used to explore the optimal removal condition for ofloxacin.
Strain hysteresis and Mullins effect of rubber vulcanizates with a reversible sacrificial network
Authors: Hu Rongyan , Jiang Xin , Chen Yaxin , Wang Jinlong , Guo Yuhao , Zheng Qiang , Shangguan Yonggang
Published: December 2024

Compared with the conventional rubber nanocomposites, the sacrificial bond enhanced the energy dissipation, reversible hysteresis energy and its proportion, revealing the origin of better self-healing and damping properties.
Self-diffusion in isotropic and liquid crystalline phases of fd virus colloidal rods: a combined single particle tracking and differential dynamic microscopy study
Authors: Grelet Eric , Martinez Vincent A. , Arlt Jochen
Published: December 2024

Investigation of the dynamics of self-organised suspensions formed by rod-like fd virus colloids.
Peeking into the future: inferring mechanics in dynamical tissues
Authors: Borges Augusto , Chara Osvaldo
Published: December 2024

Cells exert forces on each other and their environment, shaping the tissue. The resulting mechanical stresses can be determined experimentally or estimated computationally using stress inference methods. Over the years, mechanical stress inference has become a non-invasive, low-cost computational method for estimating the relative intercellular stresses and intracellular pressures of tissues. This mini-review introduces and compares the static and dynamic modalities of stress inference, considering their advantages and limitations. To date, most software has focused on static inference, which requires only a single microscopy image as input. Although applicable in quasi-equilibrium states, this approach neglects the influence that cell rearrangements might have on the inference. In contrast, dynamic stress inference relies on a time series of microscopy images to estimate stresses and pressures. Here, we discuss both static and dynamic mechanical stress inference in terms of their physical, mathematical, and computational foundations and then outline what we believe are promising avenues for in silico inference of the mechanical states of tissues.
Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Reslane Itidal , Watson Gabrielle F. , Handke Luke D. , Fey Paul D.
Published: December 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is a highly significant pathogen with several well studied and defined virulence factors. However, the metabolic pathways that are required to facilitate infection are not well described. Previous data have documented that S. aureus requires glucose catabolism during initial stages of infection. Therefore, certain nutrients whose biosynthetic pathway is under carbon catabolite repression and CcpA, including arginine, must be acquired from the host. However, even though S. aureus encodes pathways to synthesize arginine, biosynthesis of arginine is repressed even in the absence of glucose. Why is S. aureus a functional arginine auxotroph? This review discusses recently described regulatory mechanisms that are linked to repression of arginine biosynthesis using either proline or glutamate as substrates. In addition, recent studies are discussed that shed insight into the ultimate mechanisms linking arginine auxotrophy and infection persistence.
Long-term radio variability of active galactic nuclei at 37 GHz
Authors: Kankkunen S. , Tornikoski M. , Hovatta T. , Lähteenmäki A.
Published: December 2024

Aims. We present the results of analysing the long-term radio variability of active galactic nuclei at 37 GHz using data of 123 sources observed in the Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory. Our aim was to constrain the characteristic timescales of the studied sources and to analyse whether up to 42 years of monitoring was enough to describe their variability behaviour.

Methods. We used a periodogram to estimate the power spectral density of each source. The power spectral density is used to analyse the power content of a time series in the frequency domain, and it is a powerful tool in describing the variability of active galactic nuclei. We were interested in finding a bend frequency in the power spectrum, that is, a frequency at which the slope β of the spectrum changes from a non-zero value to zero. We fitted two models to the periodograms of each source, namely the bending power law and the simple power law. The bend frequency in the bending power law corresponds to a characteristic timescale.

Results. We were able to constrain a timescale for 11 out of 123 sources, with an average characteristic timescale xb = 1300 days and an average power-law slope β = 2.3. The results suggest that up to 42 years of observations may not always be enough for obtaining a characteristic timescale in the radio domain. This is likely caused by a combination of both slow variability as well as sampling-induced effects. We also compared the obtained timescales to 43 GHz very long baseline interferometry images. The maximum length of time a knot was visible was often close to the obtained characteristic timescale. This suggests a connection between the characteristic timescale and the jet structure.
Precision measurements with kaon and pion decays at CERN
Authors: Bizzeti Andrea
Published: December 2024

The NA62 measurement of the branching ratio and the di-photon mass spectrum of the K+ → π+γγ decay is presented, together with a preliminary result on the branching fraction of the rare decay π0 → e+e−.

The first observation of the decay K±→π0π0 μ±v(K00μ4) by the NA48/2 experiment at the CERN is also reported, together with the measurement of the branching ratio.
Study of charmonium decays to KS0Kπ in the B → (KS0Kπ)K channels
Authors: Palano Antimo
Published: December 2024

A study of the B → KS0K+K-π+ and B → KS0K+K+π- decays is performed using proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV at the LHCb experiment. The KS0K±π± invariant mass spectra from both decay modes reveal a rich content of charmonium resonances, such as ηc, J/ψ, ηc(2S) and χc1. Precise measurements of their parameters and branching fractions are obtained. Dalitz plot analyses of ηc → KS0K±π± and ηc(2S) → KS0K±π± decays are performed.
Effects of atomic electron momentum distribution on resonant dark sector production*
Authors: Arias-Aragón Fernando , Darmè Luc , Grilli di Cortona Giovanni , Nardi Enrico
Published: December 2024

Exploring resonant positron annihilation on atomic electrons offers a promising method for detecting light dark sector particles that interact with e+e− pairs. However, to accurately estimate production rates, a thorough understanding of atomic electron momentum distributions is essential. We introduce a comprehensive approach using the Compton profile of target materials to accurately incorporate electron velocity effects into resonant annihilation cross-sections. We show that taking into account the finite motion of atomic electrons not only can improve the search for new physics, but can also allow to enhance the accuracy of hadronic cross-section measurements.
Renormalized Entanglement Entropy and general entropic c−function
Authors: Fujita Mitsutoshi , He Song , Sun Yuan , Zhang Jun
Published: December 2024

Holographic entanglement entropy (EE) and its renormalized form in AdS solitons with gauge potential are computed across a range of dimensions. The renormalized EE is identified as a cutoff-independent universal component of EE. By taking into account Kaluza-Klein reduction and the constraints of the low-energy limit, the (d − 1)-dimensional renormalized EE is deduced from the odd-dimensional counterpart. The region associated with the shrinking circle, which is examined at large values of l is indicative of this relationship. Transitions of the minimal surface are from a disk-shaped to a cylindrical configuration as l increases. A quantum phase transition occurs at a critical subregion size, with the renormalized EE exhibiting non-monotonic behavior in the vicinity of this size. In all dimensions, massive modes become decoupled at the low energy limit, whereas degrees of freedom that include Wilson lines influence the behavior at smaller energy scales.
Thermal field fluctuations in a chiral lagrangian with broken scale invariance
Authors: Passarella L. , Lavagno A. , Drago A.
Published: December 2024

We study the finite temperature equation of state by using an effective lagrangian in which a dilaton field reproduces the breaking of scale symmetry in QCD. We start by extending a previous investigation in the pure gauge sector, where the dynamics of the gluon condensate, expressed in terms of a dilaton lagrangian, is dominated below the critical phase transition temperature, while at greater temperatures the condensate evaporates in the form of quasi-free gluons. In this context, we study the role of the inclusion of thermal fluctuations of the dilaton field and compare our results with the lattice QCD data. Moreover, we take into account of the meson sector at zero chemical potential by means of an effective lagrangian which incorporates broken scale in addition to spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. Beyond the mean-field approximation, the relevance of the thermal fluctuations of the scalar glueball, other than the contribution of the σ and π meson fields is considering by following a general technique. In this framework, we investigate the thermodynamic nature of the phase transition.
Marketing strategy based on personality types of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Authors: Feng Qingyu , Zhang Yuhan
Published: December 2024

This study explores the relationship between personality types, specifically Extraversion (E) and Introversion (I) as classified by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Marketing strategy based on personality types of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and their implications for designing targeted marketing strategies based on personality types. By analyzing the distinct characteristics of extroverts, who thrive in social environments and seek stimulating interactions, against Introverts, who prefer reflective engagement and deeper connections, the research identifies specific preferences and behaviors that inform effective marketing approaches. Through word frequency analysis of social media language, the study highlights how Extraverts are more likely to engage with dynamic, interactive content, while Introverts favor meaningful, emotionally resonant narratives. The findings emphasize the importance of tailoring marketing messages and channels to align with these personality-driven preferences, ultimately guiding marketers toward creating more personalized and impactful campaigns that resonate authentically with diverse consumer segments. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of personality-driven marketing and underscores the necessity for businesses to adapt their strategies to the distinct needs of different personality types.
Apple’s Journey: The strategic evolution from startup to tech Giant
Authors: Jiang Baoyi
Published: December 2024

The evolution of Apple into a leading global technology entity until nowadays, qua testify of the company’s superior capacity to innovate, adjust, and transform within the various competitive landscapes. This essay dives deep into the history and growth of one of today’s largest technological firms. From company policy to economic expansion, it emphasizes how its unique and special business strategies, pioneering product innovations, and corporate culture have shaped its success. From its humble origins in a small garage to its current position as a technological giant, the analysis underscore’s themes of innovation, resilience, and a deep understanding of consumer needs. Apple’s commercial mode was researched by it. For example, design advantages, customer loyalty concerns and cohesive ecosystem, at the same time, it considers the challenges and setbacks that have shaped his journey as well. Through a comprehensive review of pertinent literature, coupled with insightful discussion and analysis, this paper aims to deepen the understanding of the consideration that have contributed to Apple’s enduring success and put forward some business suggestions for the future strategic direction.
Comparative Study on Finance and Business of E-commerce Industry Companies
Authors: Du Ruofei
Published: December 2024

As an important part of the global economy, e-commerce has taken deep changes over the past two decades. Nowadays, the global e-commerce market has transitioned from the germination and rapid development period to the maturity and diversification stage, featuring wide application of advanced technology and the emergence of innovative business models. Pinduoduo, JD.com, and Alibaba, three giant companies in China’s e-commerce industry, represent successful examples in the current market. Considering solvency, profitability, operation, and development capability, they present unique strengths and face certain challenges in financial performance. Their different choices in the business model reflect their market positioning, competitive advantages, and future development trends. The current e-commerce industry faces challenges including increasing market competition and growth in personalized demand. Analyzing successful cases of Pinduoduo, JD.com, and Alibaba provides valuable references for e-commerce market participants. It emphasizes the importance of continuous innovation, optimized financial management, and enhanced core competitiveness in a dynamic market environment.
Analyzing TikTok’s information dissemination and public relations role in global conflicts
Authors: Jing Honghao
Published: December 2024

This study dives into the impact of TikTok on information dissemination and public opinion during major international conflicts, and it focuses on the platform’s coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Through a comprehensive analysis of user-generated content and media coverage, the study evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of TikTok as a news dissemination platform. In addition, this study evaluates TikTok’s current public relations strategies to address data privacy and security issues, especially in the United States, and provides suggestions for improvement. The study identifies trends and differences in content consumption through quantitative methods, including data collection and analysis of TikTok videos and user surveys. The findings highlight TikTok’s unique role in shaping global narratives, the challenges of regulatory scrutiny, and the need for more robust data protection measures. Finally, this study provides constructive suggestions for enhancing TikTok’s data protection policies and improving its public relation efforts, and future development as a global information dissemination platform.