bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Written corrective feedback: A comparative study of the preferences and beliefs of EFL teachers and learners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: M Albelihi Hani Hamad
Published: April 2022

Background: Corrective feedback plays the role of enabling both teachers and learners to gauge their performance and reflect on their development. It can vary in nature, amount, and focus; nevertheless, its centrality to the classroom cannot be ignored. At the same time, what makes it effective is the way it is communicated. The role of Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) is vital as both a corrective measure and durability for future reference. Foreign language classrooms are an active foreground for feedback practices, given that the bulk of correction is multifaceted and multimodal. However, teachers are left to their devices to formulate best practices in the absence of defined classroom feedback mechanisms. The purposes of this study are (i) to evaluate Saudi English as a foreign language (EFL) instructors’ real practices in supporting their students with corrective feedback; and (ii) to check the students’ beliefs about the feedback they receive from their instructors. Methods: Using the writing output of 92 EFL learners from Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, and the nature of WCF provided to them by three university instructors who were free to choose their feedback strategies in two phases of writing and correction, followed by learners’ cumulative response to the two, the study concludes that a number of difficulties surrounding the scope of feedback need to be researched. Results: The study found that the most used type of WCF is direct in regard to grammatical errors, vocabulary, syntax, and content evaluation. However, the Saudi EFL learners prefer direct corrective feedback for grammatical errors but indirect coded feedback for content correcting their writing assignments. Conclusions: The study encourages EFL teachers to focus on the different types of WCF when reverting to their learners. Furthermore, students’ preference for feedback should be the cornerstone teachers begin with while giving the WCF.
Effectiveness of pedometer-based exercise program in phase 1 and phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vasavi Vanamala Lakshmi , Khandekar Janhavi , Singh Vijay Pratap , Rajan Samuel Stephen , Cynthia D’souza Molly
Published: April 2022

Background: Physical Inactivity (PI) and sedentary behaviour are the most important and modifiable risk factors to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary program for patients who have undergone cardiac surgeries. Through CR, monitoring physical activity (PA) is possible and may reduce the rate of rehospitalization. The pedometer is a device that is useful to track the step count of the person day to day. It helps in self-monitoring of PA. The purpose of this review was to summarise the evidence about the effect of pedometer-based exercise program in phase 1 and phase 2 CR.

Methods: Databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. This search is limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), human trials, a 10-year period, and English language journals. Based on inclusion criteria of pedometer-based exercise programs in phase 1 (inpatient phase) and phase 2 (outpatient phase) of CR and exclusion criteria of studies using pedometer in maintenance phase CR. The primary outcome of the study is step count, while secondary is PA (in terms of time), heart rate, sedentary behaviour, and quality of life. This study quality was assessed by the Downs and Black’s checklist.

Results: The study includes 6 RCTs based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies show a considerable increase in step count associated with increased patient PA. Few studies have explained a significant increase of PA in the study group and maintained for longer terms. More research is needed to determine the impact of cardiovascular risk factors.
Assessment of serum testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in female patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: Nguyen Phu Cuong , Nguyen Hoang Van , Vu Van Tien , Pham Van Tran , Tran Dang Quyet , Nguyen Thanh Tung
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit with differential pathogenesis. To elucidate the roles of hormones in acne pathogenesis, we conducted a study to evaluate the serum testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in women with acne vulgaris.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, and 175 women with acne vulgaris were examined; their serum estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were analyzed by chemiluminescence technique and compared with the healthy control group.

Results: Increased serum hormone levels in women with acne vulgaris accounted for 29.7%, and hyperandrogenism accounted for 16.0% of cases. We found significant differences in testosterone levels (mean value, 55.67±25.56 versus 38.37±10.16 ng/dL, p<0.05) respectively, in the acne group and the control group. However, the estradiol level of the acne group (323.15±93.31 pmol/L) was lower than the control group (370.94±58.88 pmol/L), with p-value under 0.05. No statistically significant differences were found for progesterone (0.60±0.38 versus 0.50±0.15 ng/mL, p>0.05) levels. Moreover, we did not find the relationship between serum hormone levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.

Conclusion: This study showed that female acne vulgaris patients may have high serum testosterone levels and low serum estradiol levels compared with those of female controls. However, hormone alterations had no correlation with acne severity.
Human infection studies: Key considerations for challenge agent development and production
Authors: Balasingam Shobana , Meillon Sarah , Chui Cecilia , Mann Alex , La Carine , Weller Charlotte L. , King Deborah F. , Smith Emma
Published: April 2022

Human infection (or challenge) studies involve the intentional administration of a pathogen (challenge agent) to volunteers. The selection, isolation, development and production of the challenge agent is one of the first steps in developing a challenge study and critical for minimising the risk to volunteers. Regulatory oversight for this production differs globally. Manufacturing agents within a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) facility reduces the risk of the manufacturing process by including processes such as confirming the identity of the challenge agent and ascertaining that it’s pure and free from impurities. However, in some cases it’s not possible or feasible to manufacture to GMP standards, for example where the challenge agent requires an intermediate vector for growth. There is lack of clear guidance on what the minimum requirements for high-quality safe manufacture outside of GMP facilities should be and here we describe the development of a considerations document for the selection and production of challenge agents to meet this need.
Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula en Urbanismo 1. Aprendiendo sobre la forma y estructura de la ciudad y el urbanismo del Movimiento Moderno
Authors: Rodríguez-Lora Juan-Andrés
Published: April 2022

El presente texto aborda la mejora docente realizada sobre la asignatura Ur- banismo 1 de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Sevilla. Materia obligatoria del primer curso de Grado en Fundamentos de Arqui- tectura. El Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) se aplicaría sobre dos bloques temá- ticos de la asignatura, en concreto sobre la «Forma y estructura de la ciudad» y el «Urbanismo del Movimiento Moderno». El ciclo tendría como objetivo replan- tear el modelo habitual de las clases para reenfocarlo en el estudiantado, pa- sando de un sujeto pasivo a uno activo. Además, las actividades se han planteado de modo que se propicie que el alumnado avance en el conocimiento de manera progresiva y construyéndolo por sí mismo. En conclusión, la aplicación del CIMA ha supuesto, en general, una mejora de los resultados obtenidos respecto a los avances en el conocimiento. Palabras clave: Urbanismo, Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura, docen- cia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, Movimiento Moderno.
Mejora docente en el Grado de Biología para aprender a caracterizar ecosistemas acuáticos
Authors: Mesa Marín Jennifer
Published: April 2022

En este capítulo se describe un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) aplicado en la asignatura Ecología II del Grado en Biología de la Universidad de Sevilla. Con- cretamente, se lleva a cabo en clases prácticas donde los alumnos aprenden a caracterizar ecosistemas acuáticos. Se desarrolla en 3 sesiones, donde se toman muestras en el Parque del Alamillo y se analizan posteriormente en laboratorio. En el CIMA descrito, se trabajaron los tres aspectos fundamentales del Sistema Docente (Contenidos, Metodología y Evaluación), centrando la atención en el es- tudiante y su aprendizaje. Tras la experiencia, entre los principios didácticos que trataré de implementar en mi docencia se encuentran el trabajo en torno a pro- blemas, la contextualización de los contenidos en un ámbito laboral, dar mayor cabida a las ideas de los alumnos, el empleo de actividades de contraste y, por último, adoptar una evaluación para mejorar el aprendizaje (y no solo del apren- dizaje), del alumno, el método y el docente. Palabras clave: Ecología, Grado en Biología, laboratorio, docencia universita- ria, experimentación docente universitaria.
Ciclo de mejora en la enseñanza de la asignatura Derecho Mercantil en un Grado no jurídico
Authors: López Ortega Raquel
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo se recoge el diseño, aplicación y evaluación de un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) con el objetivo de analizar y mejorar la propia práctica docente en la enseñanza de la asignatura Derecho Mercantil en un grado no jurí- dico, y de ofrecer un Modelo Didáctico Personal y los Principios Didácticos en los que se sustenta. Palabras clave: Derecho mercantil, Grado en Administración y dirección de empresas, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, innovación docente.
Una aproximación al concepto de Derechos Fundamentales
Authors: Jiménez-Castellanos Ballesteros Inmaculada
Published: April 2022

En este Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) nos hemos propuesto indagar en los modelos mentales de los estudiantes, y atender a las nociones básicas que de- ben adquirir sobre la teoría de los derechos fundamentales, dando más impor - tancia a las aptitudes que a los contenidos conceptuales. Palabras clave: Derecho constitucional, grado en derecho y en gestión y ad- ministración pública, experimentación docente universitaria.
«Haciendo de la necesidad virtud»: Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula aplicado a la asignatura Derecho Internacional Público tras las lecciones aprendidas con la docencia virtual
Authors: García Martín Laura
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo examina las principales oportunidades y desafíos que su- pone la adaptación de un CIMA (ciclo de mejora docente) a la docencia de la asig- natura de Derecho Internacional Público del segundo curso del Doble Grado en Derecho y Gestión de la Administración Pública como continuación del CIMA apli- cado a la segunda parte del contenido de dicha asignatura y que fue objeto de publicación anterior en el curso 2020/2021. Palabras clave: Derecho internacional público, doble grado derecho y GAP, docencia universitaria, experimentación docente universitaria.
Innovación en la docencia de la asignatura completa de Fundamentos de Podología mediante un Ciclo de mejora en el Aula: Un nuevo enfoque de la metodología de aprendizaje- enseñanza tras la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Coheña Jiménez Manuel
Published: April 2022

Este Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) se desarrolla e implementa en la asig- natura de Fundamentos de Podología como proceso de consolidación de mi in- novación docente universitaria desde 2018. Supone un cambio en el modelo docente para mejorar el proceso de aprendizaje y enseñanza de los estudiantes de Grado de Podología. Se ha implementado en 54 estudiantes, durante el primer cuatrimestre del curso 2021/2022. Se han empleado cuestionarios iniciales y fi - nales para la evaluación de una metodología que se fundamenta en la creación de problemas y en una secuencia de actividades para generar el conocimiento de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que se ha producido una mejora en el aprendizaje de la asignatura junto con una mayor motivación y satisfacción tanto de los estudiantes como del docente. Palabras clave: Fundamentos de podología, grado podología, docencia uni- versitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, pie.
Un ciclo de mejora en visión binocular
Authors: Sánchez González María del Carmen
Published: April 2022

En este capítulo se describe el Ciclo de Mejora Docente en el Aula (CIMA) du- rante el curso 2020-21 en un grupo de prácticas de la asignatura Visión binocular y rehabilitación visual del Grado de Óptica y Optometría de la Universidad de Se- villa. El desarrollo del CIMA seguirá una metodología de investigación basada en problemas, casos prácticos y trabajo colaborativo. El objetivo al final de las prác- ticas es que los alumnos sepan emitir un diagnóstico, a partir del problema que se les plantea. Han de interpretar los valores de las medidas que han realizado, relacionar variables, emitir un diagnóstico, una solución y la posible prevención del caso clínico que se plantea. Las estrategias formativas durante la puesta en práctica del CIMA son: aprendizaje autónomo del estudiante, enseñanza directa, aprendizaje basado en proyectos y aprendizaje colaborativo. Palabras clave: Visión binocular y rehabilitación visual, Grado en óptica y op- tometría, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, disfunciones bi- noculares no estrábicas.
A herpetofauna de serapilheira da Reserva Ecológica da Michelin, Ituberá, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Lima Tasso Meneses , Juncá Flora Acunã
Published: April 2022

Os estudos ecológicos com a herpetofauna na Mata Atlântica são de grande importância, considerando-se os declínios populacionais de anfíbios e répteis, bem como as crescentes estimativas de desmatamento neste bioma. No sentido de acrescentar informações sobre a herpetofauna da localidade estudada, objetivou-se apresentar uma relação preliminar das espécies de anfíbios e répteis de serapilheira da Reserva Ecológica da Michelin, incluindo dados sobre abundância e distribuição espacial das espécies. Foram utilizadas armadilhas de queda para a captura dos animais nos meses de março, maio e julho de 2007. Duas espécies mostraram-se dominantes: Rhinella hoogmoedi e Coleodactylus meridionalis. A riqueza de anuros revelou tendência de crescimento em intervalos de tempo mais curtos que as serpentes, lagartos e anfisbenídeos. O padrão de distribuição espacial mostrou pouca variação quanto ao número total de espécies e quanto ao número de espécies por grupo taxonômico, sugerindo similaridade dos prováveis fatores reguladores das assembléias dos táxons na serapilheira dos fragmentos estudados.
Insectos reconocidos por estudiantes del primer semestre curricular de la carrera de Biología, Universidade de Guadalajara, México
Authors: Navarrete-Heredia José Luis , Chávez Guadalupe Labrador
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo se explora el concepto cultural de “insecto” entre estudiantes de biología del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, México, que no han cursado materias relacionadas con dichos animales: Artrópodos, Entomología General, etc. Se encuestaron 43 estudiantes inscritos en la materia de Taxonomía, asignatura que se cursa en el primer semestre de la carrera. En el presente trabajo, de carácter exploratorio, se reconocieron a varios animales pertenecientes a diferentes grupos no sistemáticamente relacionados entre si (anélidos, arácnidos, crustáceos, diplópodos, quilópodos, anfibios y pequeños mamíferos) que son reconocidos como “insectos”, junto a los propios miembros de la Clase Insecta. Se incluye además, información sobre la percepción de los “insectos” en la música y en el cine. Finalmente, al evaluar la percepción (agradable-desagradable) de algunos insectos, las mariposas, hormigas, libélulas y abejas fueron confirmadas como insectos agradables, mientras que las termitas, moscas, rodacacas, cucarachas, chinches, polillas, pulgas y avispas fueron consideradas como desagradables.
Leafcutter Bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) as Pollinators of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Fabaceae): Artificial Trap Nests as a strategy for their conservation
Authors: Udayakumar Amala , Shivalingaswamy Timalapur M
Published: April 2022

Solitary bees of the family Megachilidae are the key pollinators of pigeon pea. Artificial trap nests were used to study nesting parameters, such as occupancy rate, nest establishment time, and building pattern during the vegetative and flowering stages of the Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae). The installed traps were occupied by three different leafcutter bees (Megachile lanata, M. laticeps, M. disjuncta) and one parasitic bee Coelioxys sp. Bees occupied the nest tubes for 16.01 ± 2.82 and 10.23 ± 2.30 days in the vegetative and flowering stages. We recorded 38.33 and 72.50% trap occupancy rates during crop vegetative and flowering stages, respectively. The percent parasitization by Melittobia sp was significantly higher during the vegetative stage (53.67%). Brood cells were parasitized by Coelioxys sp (6.67%) during the flowering stage. Many female bees tend to occupy trap nests with active nest construction during the flowering stage (7.21 ± 2.28 bees). In contrast, male bees merely took shelter inside the traps during the vegetative stage. Thus, it is concluded that female bees possess more wing wear during the vegetative stage of the crop when compared to the flowering stage. We also observed a significant increase in the percent pod set, the number of seeds per pod, and 100 seed weight in the experimental plot compared to the control plot, proving the importance of leafcutter bees for the pollination of Cajanus cajan crop. The present study results confirmed the role of artificial trap nests in providing habitats for the solitary leafcutter bees, thereby increasing their activity and nest abundance, which favors the pollination and better yield in pigeon pea.
Fast and pure phase-shifting off-axis holographic microscopy with a digital micromirror device
Authors: Brodoline Alexey , Alexandre Daniel , Gross Michel
Published: April 2022

We present a phase-shifting digital holographic microscopy technique,
where a digital micromirror device enables to perform a precise
phase-only shift of the reference wave. By coupling the beam into a
monomode fiber, we obtain a laser mode with a constant phase shift,
equally acting on all pixels of the hologram. This method has the
advantage of being relatively simple and compatible with high frame
rate cameras, which makes it of great interest for the observation of
fast phenomena. We demonstrate the validity of the technique in an
off-axis configuration by imaging living paramecia caudata.
Real-time detection method for bulk bubbles in optics based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Yue , Cheng Xinglei , Qian Changde , Zhang JianPu , Hu Xiaobo , Wang Hongxia , Huang Menghui , Lu An , Sun Huanyu , Wang Shiling , Shen Zheqiang , Wu Lan , Liu Dong
Published: April 2022

The existence of bulk bubbles could decrease the laser-induced damage
threshold of optics and affect the beam quality, so the detection of
bulk bubbles is an essential step for quality assurance. Currently,
the inspection of bubbles in optics relies on manual work, which is
not recommended because of the low precision and inconsistency. To
improve the quality evaluation process, a real-time detection method
for bubbles inside the optics based on deep learning is proposed. Our
method can implement bubble detection at 67 fps with a recall of
0.836. As for retrieval of the radius, it costs 58.8 ms on each
bubble, and the absolute deviation is 3.73% on average. Our method
conducts real-time and accurate detection of the positions and radii
of the bubbles in the optics, thus, having significant potential for
the manufacturing process.
Transmission terahertz power beam splitter based on a single-layer metal metasurface
Authors: Zhang Changchang , Li Chenxia , Fang Bo , Liu Jianjun , Hong Zhi , Jing Xufeng
Published: April 2022

A periodic metasurface composed of a single layer of copper structure is proposed. The general transmission power beam splitter is composed of a multilayer structure, which is difficult to fabricate. The proposed single-layer terahertz wave power beam splitter contains only a single-layer circular hole cell structure, and it can control the transmission angle by controlling the arrangement mode of the coding cells. At the same time, we can control the transmission angle and the transmitted energy distribution of each beam based on different incident angles. A simple monolayer round-hole metasurface was prepared and its transmission characteristics were analyzed based on a terahertz time domain spectrometer. Compared with traditional splitter devices, our coding metasurface beam splitters with a single layer have the potential to promote the development of integrated optical systems.
SOLEIL: single-objective lens inclined light sheet localization microscopy
Authors: Hung Shih-Te , Cnossen Jelmer , Fan Daniel , Siemons Marijn , Jurriens Daphne , Grußmayer Kristin , Soloviev Oleg , Kapitein Lukas C. , Smith Carlas S.
Published: April 2022

High-NA light sheet illumination can improve the resolution of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) by reducing the background fluorescence. These approaches currently require custom-made sample holders or additional specialized objectives, which makes the sample mounting or the optical system complex and therefore reduces the usability of these approaches. Here, we developed a single-objective lens-inclined light sheet microscope (SOLEIL) that is capable of 2D and 3D SMLM in thick samples. SOLEIL combines oblique illumination with point spread function PSF engineering to enable dSTORM imaging in a wide variety of samples. SOLEIL is compatible with standard sample holders and off-the-shelve optics and standard high NA objectives. To accomplish optimal optical sectioning we show that there is an ideal oblique angle and sheet thickness. Furthermore, to show what optical sectioning delivers for SMLM we benchmark SOLEIL against widefield and HILO microscopy with several biological samples. SOLEIL delivers in 15 μm thick Caco2-BBE cells a 374% higher intensity to background ratio and a 54% improvement in the estimated CRLB compared to widefield illumination, and a 184% higher intensity to background ratio and a 20% improvement in the estimated CRLB compared to HILO illumination.
Real-time two-photon interference from distinct molecules on the same chip
Authors: Duquennoy Rocco , Colautti Maja , Emadi Ramin , Majumder Prosenjit , Lombardi Pietro , Toninelli Costanza
Published: April 2022

Scalability and miniaturization are hallmarks of solid-state platforms for photonic quantum technologies. Still a main challenge is two-photon interference from distinct emitters on chip. This requires local tuning, integration, and novel approaches to understand and tame noise processes. A promising platform is that of molecular single-photon sources. Thousands of molecules with optically tunable emission frequency can be easily isolated in solid matrices and triggered with pulsed excitation. We here discuss Hong–Ou–Mandel interference experiments using several couples of molecules within few tens of microns. Quantum interference is observed in real time, enabling the analysis of local environment effects at different time scales.
Prevalence and determinants of oral health conditions and treatment needs among slum and non-slum urban residents: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Osuh Mary E. , Oke Gbemisola A. , Lilford Richard J. , Owoaje Eme , Harris Bronwyn , Taiwo Olalekan John , Yeboah Godwin , Abiona Taiwo , Watson Samuel I. , Hemming Karla , Quinn Laura , Chen Yen-Fu
Published: April 2022

Oral diseases constitute a neglected epidemic in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). An understanding of its distribution and severity in different settings can aid the planning of preventive and therapeutic services. This study assessed the oral health conditions, risk factors, and treatment needs among adult residents in the slum and compared findings with non-slum urban residents in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Multistage sampling was used to select adult (≥18-years) residents from a slum and a non-slum urban sites. Information sought from participants included dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and the use of dental services. Oral examinations were performed in line with WHO guidelines. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Mediation analysis was undertaken using generalized structural equation modeling. The sample comprised 678 slum and 679 non-slum residents. Median age in slum vs non-slum was 45 (IQR:32–50) versus 38 (IQR:29–50) years. Male: female ratio was 1:2 in both sites. Prevalence of oral diseases (slum vs non-slum sites): dental caries (27% vs 23%), gingival bleeding (75% vs 53%) and periodontal pocket (23% vs 16%). The odds of having dental caries were 21% higher for the slum dwellers compared to non-slum residents (OR = 1.21, 95% CI:0.94 to 1.56); and 50% higher for periodontal pocket (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.98), after adjusting for age and sex. There was little evidence that tooth cleaning frequency mediated the relationship between place of residence and caries (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.87 to 1.03 [indirect effect], 38% mediated) or periodontal pocket (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.86 to 1.04, 15% mediated). Thirty-five percent and 27% of residents in the slum and non-slum sites respectively required the “prompt and urgent” levels of treatment need. Oral diseases prevalence in both settings are high and the prevalence was generally higher in the slum with correspondingly higher levels of prompt and urgent treatment needs. Participants may benefit from targeted therapeutic and health promotion intervention services.
Presenting a comprehensive multi-scale evaluation framework for participatory modelling programs: A scoping review
Authors: Lee Grace Yeeun , Hickie Ian Bernard , Occhipinti Jo-An , Song Yun Ju Christine , Skinner Adam , Camacho Salvador , Lawson Kenny , Hilber Adriane Martin , Freebairn Louise
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Systems modelling and simulation can improve understanding of complex systems to support decision making, better managing system challenges. Advances in technology have facilitated accessibility of modelling by diverse stakeholders, allowing them to engage with and contribute to the development of systems models (participatory modelling). However, despite its increasing applications across a range of disciplines, there is a growing need to improve evaluation efforts to effectively report on the quality, importance, and value of participatory modelling. This paper aims to identify and assess evaluation frameworks, criteria, and/or processes, as well as to synthesize the findings into a comprehensive multi-scale framework for participatory modelling programs.

Materials and methods

A scoping review approach was utilized, which involved a systematic literature search via Scopus in consultation with experts to identify and appraise records that described an evaluation framework, criteria, and/or process in the context of participatory modelling. This scoping review is registered with the Open Science Framework.

Results

The review identified 11 studies, which varied in evaluation purposes, terminologies, levels of examination, and time points. The review of studies highlighted areas of overlap and opportunities for further development, which prompted the development of a comprehensive multi-scale evaluation framework to assess participatory modelling programs across disciplines and systems modelling methods. The framework consists of four categories (Feasibility,Value,Change/Action,Sustainability) with 30 evaluation criteria, broken down across project-, individual-, group- and system-level impacts.

Discussion & conclusion

The presented novel framework brings together a significant knowledge base into a flexible, cross-sectoral evaluation effort that considers the whole participatory modelling process. Developed through the rigorous synthesis of multidisciplinary expertise from existing studies, the application of the framework can provide the opportunity to understand practical future implications such as which aspects are particularly important for policy decisions, community learning, and the ongoing improvement of participatory modelling methods.
Application of a semivariogram based on a deep neural network to Ordinary Kriging interpolation of elevation data
Authors: Li Yang , Baorong Zhong , Xiaohong Xu , Zijun Liang
Published: April 2022

The Ordinary Kriging method is a common spatial interpolation algorithm in geostatistics. Because the semivariogram required for kriging interpolation greatly influences this process, optimal fitting of the semivariogram is of major significance for improving the theoretical accuracy of spatial interpolation. A deep neural network is a machine learning algorithm that can, in principle, be applied to any function, including a semivariogram. Accordingly, a novel spatial interpolation method based on a deep neural network and Ordinary Kriging was proposed in this research, and elevation data were used as a case study. Compared with the semivariogram fitted by the traditional exponential model, spherical model, and Gaussian model, the kriging variance in the proposed method is smaller, which means that the interpolation results are closer to the theoretical results of Ordinary Kriging interpolation. At the same time, this research can simplify processes for a variety of semivariogram analyses.
Do China rural traditional Chinese medicine hospitals provide efficient healthcare to the people? Empirical study from 2013 to 2018 using data envelopment analysis
Authors: Bai Qian , Man Xiaowei , Hong Baolin , Li Bo , Shi Xuefeng , Bian Ying
Published: April 2022

Rural traditional Chinese medicine hospitals bear responsibilities of providing efficient medical services for rural residents. Efficiency assessments have previously been conducted in single province. This study aimed to investigate the technical efficiency of rural traditional Chinese medicine hospitals across China from 2013 to 2018, with the application of super slack-based measure data envelopment analysis. In total, 1219 hospitals covering 28 provinces were included as sample hospitals. Overall, hospitals performed technically less efficiently but presented with an increasing trend. Redundancy and insufficiency existed in health input and output variables, respectively. Notably, optimizing input variables was found to make more substantial improvement in hospital efficiency. Provincial and regional disparities were also observed in hospital efficiency. In conclusion, rural traditional Chinese medicine hospitals have experienced slight improvement in efficiency during the study period, however, their efficiency was still in a relatively low level with ample room for improvement. Meanwhile, regional coordinated development should also be noticed in this process.
Portal vein thrombosis is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures
Authors: Gairing Simon Johannes , Galle Peter Robert , Schattenberg Jörn Markus , Kostev Karel , Labenz Christian
Published: April 2022

Background

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but severe disease that often leads to portal hypertension-related complications. It is well-known that patients with portal hypertension associated with liver cirrhosis are at increased risk for bone fractures, however data on the impact of PVT on fracture risk are lacking.

Aims

This study aimed to explore the impact of PVT on the incidence of bone fractures in a large German primary care cohort.

Methods

Patients with PVT were extensively matched to non-PVT individuals in a 1:5 ratio. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of any bone fracture.

Results

This study included 596 patients with PVT and 2,980 non-PVT individuals. During five years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of bone fractures was significantly higher in PVT patients (n = 87, 13.6%) than in those without PVT (n = 186, 6.7%) (p<0.001). In Cox-regression analyses, PVT was positively associated with bone fractures (HR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.59–2.93). This association was stronger in women (HR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.65–3.95) than in men (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.22–2.87). The strongest association was observed in the age group 51–60 years (HR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.40–4.47). The association between PVT and bone fractures was maintained in subgroup analyses of patients with (HR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.13–3.63) and without liver cirrhosis (HR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.28–2.58).

Conclusions

PVT is independently associated with a higher incidence of bone fractures. Patients with PVT should be critically evaluated for fracture risk and preventive measures should be considered.
First study on genetic variability of bovine viral diarrhea virus isolated from Sapera dairy goats with reproductive disorders in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Retno N. , Wuryastuty H. , Wasito R. , Irianingsih S. H.
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus (BVDV) is an important viral pathogen of cattle that can infect diverse artiodactyl species. The clinical manifestations caused by BVDV in heterologous hosts, as they do in cattle, vary, although respiratory and reproductive failures are commonly reported. BVDV infections commonly result in reproductive failure in goats, with abortion being the primary clinical sign. In central Java, Indonesia, BVDV infection has been reported in two clinically healthy local goat species, and the testing indicated infection by BVDV Type 1. However, the genetic diversity of viruses has not been described in healthy or ill goats. The objectives of the present study were as follows: (1) To investigate the genetic variation of BVDV isolated from Sapera dairy goats with naturally occurring reproductive disorders in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) and (2) to study the possible correlation between reproductive disorders and the presence of BVDV in the flock.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected in October 2021 from 39 goats that had been individually reported to have reproductive disorders. The serum samples were subjected to molecular detection and genetic characterization of BVDV based on the 5' UTR of the viral genome, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Viral isolation was performed on BVDV-positive samples to analyze the viral biotypes.

Results: BVDV infection was detected in five out of 39 female goats. The clinical status of the BVDV-infected goats was abortion (n=2), metritis (n=1), and repeated breeding (n=2). All antigen-positive samples were confirmed as BVDV type 1a (BVDV-1a) and noncytopathic (NCP)-BVDV biotype.

Conclusion: The BVDV-1a and NCP biotypes are the main subtypes and biotypes present in Sapera dairy goats exhibiting reproductive failure. This result is consistent with previous results in dairy cattle in Yogyakarta. The reported results can facilitate the design of methods for the prevention and control of BVD circulating in Indonesia.
Dynamic extension for Ideal Kinematics
Authors: Appleby Matthew , Peters Richard
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a new set of equations for modelling kinematic profiles using a combination of mathematical and computational techniques. The implementation of these equations will extend the capabilities of the kinematic model to produce asymmetric and dynamic profiles. This will provide a more accurate model for standard lift systems as well as enable the modelling of more complex systems.
Der »Refugees welcome«-Sticker als gesellschaftliche Selbstbeschreibung
Authors: Püttmann Charlotte
Published: April 2022

Charlotte Püttmann entwickelt in diesem Beitrag einen kunstwissenschaftlichen Ansatz zur Migrationsforschung, welcher nach der bildlichen Darstellung von Fluchtmigration fragt. Anhand ihrer Bildanalyse des ›Refugees welcome‹-Stickers, zeigt sie auf, wie auch ein pro-migrantisches Bild von anti-migrantischen Diskursen gestalterisch geprägt sein kann. Der Aufsatz arbeitet heraus, welche gesellschaftlichen Vorstellungen von und Annahmen über Flucht sich im Prozess der Bildgebung in den Sticker eingeschrieben haben.
Subjektivierung und politische Handlungsfähigkeit
Authors: Färber Corina
Published: April 2022

Welche gesellschaftlichen und ökonomischen Bedingungen bestimmen unser individuelles Subjektsein und damit unsere Identität, Sexualität und Geschlechtlichkeit? Wie werden unsere Wahrnehmungs- und Affektmuster, unsere Körpererfahrungen, unser Denken und unsere Reflexionsmöglichkeit geformt? Corina Färber entwickelt eine integrierte Subjektivierungsanalytik im Anschluss an Louis Althusser, Michel Foucault und Judith Butler. Dies erlaubt ihr, die Subjektwerdung als ambivalenten und konkreten Prozess analysierbar zu machen und im Hinblick auf die Möglichkeiten der politischen Handlungsfähigkeit und politischen Subjektivierung zu befragen.
Psittazismus und narrative Vielstimmigkeit
Authors: Textor Sula
Published: April 2022

Warum spricht der Papagei? Weiß er, was er sagt? Und warum ist sein Sprechen, das wie menschliche Rede klingt, und doch etwas ganz anderes ist, so irritierend? Dieser Irritation folgt Sula Textor durch die komplexe Geschichte des Papageis als Figur in Kunst und Literatur und entwirft dabei den Begriff des (narrativen) Psittazismus. In ihrer komparatistisch angelegten narratologischen Studie wird Sprechen selbst zum Thema - und die Stimme (im individuellen, politischen wie narratologischen Sinn) zum Problem. Sie hinterfragt nicht nur, was Sprechen ist und wem es möglich und erlaubt ist, sondern nimmt die Komplexität des Erzählens grundsätzlich in den Blick.
Grenzjustierungen - Bildungsbiografien Zugewanderter zwischen Qualifikation und Re-Qualifizierung
Authors: Prekodravac Milena
Published: April 2022

Eine migrationsbedingte erneute Bildungsteilnahme ist in hohem Maße widersprüchlich: Das Unvermögen auf institutioneller Seite, im Ausland erworbene Kompetenznachweise in inländische zu übersetzen, zwingt Migrant*innen, trotz Fachkräftemangel und abgeschlossener beruflicher Qualifikation, erneut an Bildungsmaßnahmen teilzunehmen. Milena Prekodravac spürt diese institutionellen Schranken in Deutschland auf und nimmt dafür Bildungsbiografien über Grenzen hinweg in den Blick. Das »Re-« der Qualifizierung ist ein Zurück, ein Wieder und - im Sinne einer Bildungsteilnahme erwachsener Zugewanderter in Deutschland - auch ein Wider, eine Navigation, die quer zu vorgegebenen Bahnen liegt.
Digital Humanities in Academic Library: Creating Narratives through Spatial Data
Authors: Jankowska Maria A.
Published: April 2022

A growing trend in digital humanities has been digital scholarship and the emphasis on usage of digital tools and methods in research, teaching, and publishing. Academic libraries as laboratories for humanities scholars (Christine Borgman) need to keep up with these changes. Digital humanities (DH) have become an important area of librarianship and demand for librarians with skills and expertise in metadata creation and control, digital repository management, information organization, intellectual property rights management, research data preservation, and visualization has been on the rise. This paper focuses on the English-language literature presenting visualization of spatial and temporal data in DH projects through rich narratives involving text, interactive maps, and map-enabled spatial data services. Using the examples of digital mapping projects developed and implemented in a large academic library, the article shows a case of big academic library on how spatial and temporal data visualization can be employed to tell stories, promote, and inform about cartographic resources of relevance to DH scholars, and provide self-help tools to empower users.
Fahrsituationsabhängiger Wechsel der Kommunikationstopologie für heterogene Platoons
Authors: Miekautsch Fritz , Fay Alexander
Published: April 2022

Kommunikationsbasierte Regler für Platooning sind oft für eine homogene Fahrzeugzusammensetzung in einer nominalen Fahrsituation ausgelegt. In realen Anwendungen werden Platoons jedoch aus unterschiedlichen Fahrzeugen bestehen und somit heterogen sein, was die Anforderungen an einen sicheren Betrieb erhöht. Darüber hinaus sind Regler, die für den nominalen Fahrzustand ausgelegt sind, nicht unbedingt in der Lage, externe Störungen zu bewältigen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Konzept zum Wechsel der Kommunikationstopologie in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Fahrsituation in einem heterogenen Platoon vorgestellt. Angewandt wird das Konzept auf den kooperativen Nothalt. Für diese Situation wird gezeigt, wie eine geeignete Kommunikationstopologie gefunden werden kann und dass durch den Wechsel der Topologie Kollisionen innerhalb des Platoons vermieden werden können.
Physicochemical and bioactive properties of avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Lorena)
Authors: Bonilla-Loaiza Adriana Marcela , Váquiro-Herrera Henry Alexander , Solanilla-Duque José Fernando
Published: April 2022

Chemical compounds are of great importance in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Nutritional components, the presence of secondary metabolites with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, and physicochemical properties of pulp, seed and peel of Lorena avocado cultivars were studied. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS, DPPH and lipid peroxidation in pulp, seed and peel. 26 extracts was evaluated. The results confirmed that the fruit parts stabilize free radicals and inhibit lipid oxidation processes, with the highest values in seed and peel, due to their content of flavonoids, o-diphenols and phenols. The results of phytochemical screening, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity, showed significant bioprospective advantage for the presence of flavonoids, condensed tannins and total phenols in the seed, peel and pulp of Lorena avocado cultivars. Avocado fruits are rich in bioactive compounds that can be used in functional food applications.
Identifying the fourth generation of human rights in digital era
Authors: Song Lijue , Ma Changshan
Published: April 2022

With prominence of the typical features of digital era, particularly that people’s activities and social lives are becoming more digitalized, and humans have developed a new digital identity, the presentation and regulation of digital identity becomes an emerging theme. Based on these features of digital era, a slew of challenges have arisen, including the protection of personal privacy, preventing algorithmic bias, and balancing the imbalance between the right of public acquisition and data controlled by a few. Consequently, protecting digital rights should be embedded in public policies, to better balance rights and interests among various stakeholders. Establishing dual protection mechanisms for public and private law is therefore fitting and proper, and the future legislation may target the scenario-based protection of personal rights.
Death from the Perspective of Luhmann’s System Theory
Authors: Sariyar Murat
Published: April 2022

The aim of this article is to address the topic of death from a Luhmannian perspective. First, the article will introduce the general theory of Luhmann to provide a background for the way he is tackling sociological and philosophical problems and then will describe its application to religion and deduce various implications for the topic of death. For the discussion of death, we will refer to some of Hegel’s insights, as they motivated central parts of Luhmann’s theory, though he replaced the Hegelian notions with system theoretical ones. Even if it might seem like a further abstraction and mechanization, we assume that it significantly facilitates the combination of outside and inside perspectives on death. In contrast to philosophical existentialism, the system-oriented approach of Luhmann does not emphasize the situated character of human reason and its gaining authenticity by facing death and finitude. Instead, it points to the entanglement of society and consciousness, focusing on the former while providing hints to the otherness of consciousness. Here, authenticity is not achieved by writing about existential topics, but rather through some sort of parallax view.
Efficacy of Biobased Polyurethane on Bitumen Self-Healing
Authors: Kazemi Mohammadjavad , Goli Ahmad , Mohammadi Abbas
Published: April 2022

With inspiration from the healing of wound or fractures in living species, producing self-healable material has been investigated in the past decades. As the main component of the asphalt mixture used for road pavement, bitumen is prone to cracking under load cycles and environmental conditions. However, bitumen has the ability to heal its cracks over time inherently. Intensifying the inherent self-healing property of bitumen can significantly reduce road pavement disasters, increase users’ safety, and save a tremendous amount of money needed for the rehabilitation of pavement. To improve the self-healing of bitumen, neat bitumen was modified by polyurethanes with healable polymer networks. Also, to improve the compatibility of polyurethane with bitumen and enhance its self-healability, castor oil was used as a biomodifier in the synthesis of polyurethane. Different dosages of synthesized polyurethane produced from toluene diisocyanate and castor oil (TDI-CO) were introduced to bitumen; then the self-healing of modified blends was compared with neat bitumen using fracture-based tests at different temperatures and ages. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed proper in situ polymerization of biobased polyurethane in bitumen. It also showed a reduction in the aging of bitumen by lowering carbonyl and sulfoxide (known products of aging in bitumen) by 72 % and 50 % after long-term aging. Inherent healing and ductility tests indicated the efficiency of polyurethane modification by taking advantage of regeneration of hydrogen bonds in biomodified polyurethane, reaching 100 % healing after 30 min. It confirmed that an increase in temperature improved self-healing nonlinearly, and aging deteriorated it. Owing to the supramolecular structure of polyurethane, TDI-CO showed considerable improvement in bitumen healing even at low temperatures.
A Comparative Study of LASSO and ANN Regressions for the Prediction of the Direct Tensile Behavior of UHPFRC
Authors: Abellán-García Joaquín , Ortega-Guzmán Juan J. , Chaparro-Ruiz Diego A. , García-Castaño Eliana
Published: April 2022

Direct tensile behavior is one of the most relevant properties of ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). However, the determination of this behavior implies the realization of complex tests that must be carried out by experienced personnel because small variations could invalidate the results. This research purpose was to develop and compare two different algorithmic approaches for the direct tensile behavior of UHPFRC. Thereby, the cracking tensile strength σcc, the tensile postcracking capacity σpc and its associated strains, εcc, and εpc, were modeled by means of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and artificial neural networks (ANN). Four ANN models, one for each response, and four LASSO models were created to produce the most accurate approaches. Results showed the reliability of the developed models through statistical indices such as the root of the mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error, normalized mean bias error, the ratio of the RMSE to the standard deviation of measured data, coefficient of efficiency, and coefficient of determination (R2). Besides, the analytical research also showed that the highest accuracy belongs to ANN models, with R2 values of .922, .807, .901, and .858, in forecasting the features of direct tensile behavior of UHPFRC (σcc, εcc, σpc, and εpc).