bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational structure as a predictor of the supply chain management efficiency
Authors: Mijušković Veljko , Todorović-Spasenić Ana
Published: November 2020

The organizational structure elements are an important predictor of developing an efficient supply chain management, which is the subject of analysis in this paper. The empirical study that was conducted included a sample of 51 companies in the territory of Western Serbia. Their business practices identified the existence of a statistically significant and strong correlation between organizational structure and the determinants of supply chain management efficiency. Within the conducted research, specialization and decentralization stand out as the elements with the greatest impact on improving the quality of products/services, shortening delivery times, resolving complaints more efficiently and reducing costs of the supply chain. The results of the study indicate that delegating competencies and responsibilities within a company, along with motivating staff to become more committed to and influence the activities they perform, is a key organizational prerequisite for establishing an efficient supply chain management, which is one of the key qualitative indicators of any company's market and business success.
Abdominal migraine in a pediatric patient
Authors: Simić Dušica , Vlajković Ana , Budić Ivana , Milenović Miodrag , Stević Marija
Published: November 2020

Abdominal migraine (AM) is a syndrome usually diagnosed in childhood. The AM syndrome comprises episodic attacks of severe, recurrent, and chronic abdominal pain localized in the periumbilical area, followed by symptoms like headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or pallor. Between the abdominal migraine episodes the child felt good and continued to develop well. The pathophysiological process is presumed to be similar to that of other functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and cephalic migraine. It is vital to assess anamnesis, dietary and social history, detailed physical examination, and symptom-based guidelines. Evaluation of the patient for the presence of any potential alarming symptoms or signs, to exclude an organic disease, is essential. The major problem is the lack of knowledge regarding its unclear pathophysiology. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment alternatives vary. Although thorough diagnostic criteria under Rome IV classification of FGIDs and International Classification of Headache Disorders are available, AM persists to be an underdiagnosed entity. A definite diagnosis of abdominal migraine allows appropriate management and avoids unnecessary investigations and incorrect treatments.
Radiological diagnostics of rare benign bone tumor intraosseous lipoma: Intraosseous lipoma
Authors: Rančić Nemanja , Golubović Jelena , Pešić Jasna , Stamatović Ratko , Mišović Miroslav , Vukomanović-Đurđević Biserka , Vasić-Vilić Jasenka
Published: November 2020

Introduction/Aim: Lipomas are frequent benign tumors; however, they are rarely localized in bone tissue. Osseous lipomas are categorized according to their location into parosteal, intraosseous, and intracortical. The incidence of intraosseous lipomas is 0.1% of all bone tumors. The most frequent location is in the long tubular bones and calcaneus. This case report aims to present the radiological diagnostics of intraosseous lipoma. Case report: 43-year-old patient with Achilles tendon rupture was admitted to the orthopedic clinic. Radiography of left ankle joint detected a radiolucent, well-circumscribed lesion in the anterior aspect of the calcaneus with a sclerotic board. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bone lesion dimension anteroposterior, craniocaudal, and laterolateral 38 x 22 x 37 mm, composed of peripheral adipose tissue and central calcified nidus, which indicate intraosseous lipoma. Based on histopathological findings, necrotic and viable bone tissue with components of mature and necrotic fatty tissue confirmed the diagnose of intraosseous lipoma. Conclusion: Standard radiographs of bone structures, as the first diagnostic procedure, can make suspects of intraosseous lipoma. MRI and multidimensional computerized tomography can further verify and with more details completely characterize, while histopathological verification is the final step in the diagnose of intraosseous lipoma.
Where is the Boundary Between Sociology and Not-Sociology?
Authors: Platt Jennifer
Published: November 2020

In work on the history of sociology, how may the boundaries of study be defined, and what requires explanation as part of sociology? Becker’s concept of the „art world’ suggests thinking in terms of the „sociology world’ which is needed to produce the sociological object. Three very different examples – Young and Willmott’s Family and Kinship in East London, a cross-disciplinary quantitative sociology study group, and Hodson’s use of amateur descriptions of workplaces as data – are discussed, and it is concluded that the practical methodological answer depends on the particular research topic and the resources available.
Solovey and Cravens: Cold War Social Science
Authors: Bortolini Matteo
Published: November 2020

Book Review of:

Mark Solovey and Hamilton Cravens (eds.), Cold War Social Science: Knowledge Production, Liberal Democracy, and Human NatureNew York: Palgrave Macmillan 2014First paperback ed., xvii + 270 pp.ISBN 978-1-137-38835-3Price: € 31
An Operation Called Comparison - Some Critical Observations
Authors: Hess Andreas
Published: November 2020

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Democracy, Totalitarianism, and Dead Ends in Sociology
Authors: Sackmann Reinhold
Published: November 2020

The 20th century did not only see the rise of academic sociology, but highlighted also strife within societies that resulted in specific forms of totalitarianism. Literature on the relationship of sociology and these totalitarianisms is controversial. Some authors state that sociology is not a natural antipode to dictatorships: Some sociologists like Sombart and Michels were active proponents of totalitarian ideology, and most totalitarian regimes quite liked the technical expertise of social research. Other authors propose that a flourishing sociology needs a certain form of society characterized by openness and tolerance to find a constructive climate for theoretical reflection, empirical research and practical relevance.From this position one could state that there is a “Wahlverwandtschaft”, a structural affinity, between sociology and democracy.The article uses empirical material from a case study on the development of sociology at the University of Halle between 1900 and 1990. The University of Halle is an interesting case in so far as in this East German university the societal context varies between monarchy, democracy, fascism and communism. The empirical material focuses on published and unpublished work of Friedrich Hertz and Rudhard Stollberg, as well as archive material to their activities and conflicts. Specific dead ends of forms of historical sociology and empirical sociology are analysed with regard to the guiding question, whether there is a structural tension between forms of totalitarianism and sociology.
Kropp: Danish Sociology
Authors: Scott John
Published: November 2020

Book Review of:

Kristoffer Kropp, A Historical Account of Danish Sociology. A Troubled SociologyHoundmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015ISBN 978-1-137-40341-4Price: $67,50 (Hardcover)
FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS ON THE ABNORMAL PHENOMENA OBSERVED IN THE LIGHT TRANSMITTED BY α-LiIO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS UNDER THE ACTION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD
Authors: GU BEN-YUAN  , MAO ZHEN-DAO  , CHENG XI-MIN  , XIE AN-YUN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The abnormal phenomena in the transmitted light passing through α-LiIO3 single crystals under the application of a DC field parallel to the c-axis have been further investigated by means of the direct projection method, the optical Fourier transfor-mation method and the Schlieren method. The change in the spacial frequency spectrum of a z-cut crystal plate with the increase of the applied field intensity was examined. It was observed that the diffraction efficiency of the transmitted light shows a linear dependence on the applied voltage, but is independent of the polariza-tion of the incident light. It was also found that the light polarization is not changed by the action of the DC field and the effect of absorption is negligible. The relaxa-tion process of the change in diffraction efficiency with time was recorded quantita-tively. A tentative explanation of these phenomena has been given.
PHYSICAL METHODS OF GROUP REPRESENTATION THEORY (Ⅰ)——A NEW APPROACH TO THE THEORY OF FINITE GROUP REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: CHEN JIN-QUAN  , WANG FAN  , GAO MEI-JUAN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

This paper advocates a new approach to the theory of finite group representa-tions by applying exclusively the method of commuting operators in quantum me-chanics. The basic problems of group representation theory such as the labeling of irreducible representations, the finding of characters, irreducible bases and matrix ele-ments and the CG coefficients et al are all simplified to the solving of the eigenfunc-tions of a certain complete set of commuting operators. This method has the advan-tage of being concise in theory and easily manageable in practice.
SOLUTION TO ANTENNA RADIATION FIELD AS AN INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM
Authors: ANTENNA GROUP  ,   中国科学院物理研究所,计算技术研究所
Published: November 2020

On the basis of physical considerations and computational experience, it is poin-ted out that the initial value problem of the Maxwell equations as a set of first order hyperbolic differential equations could become an effective numerical method for the solution of antenna radiation fields. An alternating direction implicit difference scheme is proposed in combination with extrapolated treatment of the conditions on the outer boundary. To demonstrate the potentialities of the proposed method, nu-merical results for a cylindrical antenna are discussed.
SEMI-LEPTONIC DECAYS OF THE BARYONS AND HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINO REACTIONS IN THE STRATON MODEL
Authors: RUAN TONG-ZE  , LI BING-AN  ,   中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

On the basis of the structural model of stratons, we discuss semi-leptonic decays of (1/2)+ baryons and elastic and quasi-elastic neutrino reactions, using the effective Ha-miltonian of weak interaction for stratons and leptons in [1] and the (1/2)+ baryon wave functions in [2] and the parameters determined by electromagnetic processes in [3]. The theoretical results of the semi-leptonic decays are in good agreement with the experimental results. The axial-vector form factor of △S = 0 processes and the total cross-sections of νμ+n→p+μ- agree with experiments within reasonable error. The axial-vector form factor of △S = 1 processes and the total cross-sections of νμ+p→Λ+μ+ also agree with the rough experimental data available.In particular, it is of interest to point out that, in our discussion, all the parame-ters involved were determined in [3], no new parameter has been introduced.
MULTICENTRE VARIATIONAL MODEL FOR STUDYING THE CLUSTER FORMATION OF Be8 AND Li6
Authors: WU GUANG-HAN  , LU ZHAO-QI  ,   中国科学院原子能研究所
Published: November 2020

A multicentre variational model is proposed for the study of nuclear cluster forma-tion. The binding energies of Be8 and Li6 have been calculated and found to be in agreement with experiment.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION AND DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR OF α-LiIO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: LI TIE-CHENG  , XU ZHENG-YI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

By using the Debye-Hückel equation and the Poisson equation, the almost one-dimensional ionic conductive behaviors of α-LiIO3 have been analysed theoretically. The current across the boundaries between the crystal and metallic electrodes is con-sidered to be limited by rate processes. The asymmetry of the ± c-directions due to spontaneous polarization of the crystal has been taken into consideration. The explicit expression derived for the apparent DC conductivity is satisfactory in explaining the characteristic behavior of α-LiIO3, e.g., the dependence of conductivity on applied voltage, as shown experimentally in [1]. The functional relationship between the AC dielectric constant and the bias field (cf. [1]) is interpreted partially by following the approach given in [2]. It is also pointed out that the weak current constantly flowing through the wire connecting the end surfaces of opposite polarity of an α-LiIO3 single crystal (cf. [3]), as well as similar phenomena observed in our own laboratory on poled ferroelectrics such as BaxSr1-xNb2O6(x～1/3), are caused by the crystal-line polarity EMF. This EMF coexists with the spontaneous, polarization Ps.
OPTICAL DETECTION OF ACOUSTIC WAVES IN QUARTZ SUBSTRATE EXCITED BY INTERDIGITAL TRANSDUCERS
Authors: ZHANG SHU-YI  , GAO XUE-KUI  ,   南京大学声学研究室
Published: November 2020

Utilizing the method of optical diffraction produced by acousto-optical interac-tion, we have studied both surface and bulk acoustic waves from the optical diffraction patterns or the inverse phase velocity surfaces excited by interdigital transducers in quartz, with special emphasis on these waves produced in the z-cut crystal. A SAW different from normal Rayleigh waves has been found. On the ground of a brief discussion, we conclude that in many aspects the nature of this wave and/or similar wave disturbances is worthy for further investigations.
INVESTIGATION ON THE EXPONENTIAL FACTOR OF Ic-VBE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSISTOR AT LOW INJECTION LEVEL
Authors: CHEN XING-BI  , YI MING-GUANG
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we discuss the various factors affecting the Ic-VBE characteristics of a transistor in the low injection level, i.e. the factors to change n*≡ d(VBE/VT)/dlnIc to departe from 1. It is described also an accurate differential method of measuring n* for integrated transistor-pair. We show that the quasi-Fermi potential drop in emitter junction is an important factor in the explaination on the case n*< 1 observed in some transistors.
AN X-RAY DOUBLE-CRYSTAL SPECTROMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF α-LiIO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS UNDER THE ACTION OF ELECTROSTATIC FIELD
Authors: LIANG JING-KUI  , YI SUn-SHENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The changes of maximum reflection coefficient, half maximum line breadth and integrated reflection power of double-crystal reflection curves in some planes of the α-LiIO3 single crystal have been investigated under the action of the electrostatic field along the z-axis and x-axis.Based upon the Experimental fact that kB(0) is dependent on the applied voltage and the charging time and there exists a maximun value, a possible explanation is suggested by supposing the displacement and rotation of the IO3- group along and around the z-axis under the action of the electrostatic field.
REDUCED CELLS AND THE INDEXING OF ELECTRON DIFFRACTION PATTERNS
Authors: GUO KE-XIN  ,   金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Corresponding to the 14 Bravais lattices there are 44 different types of reduced cells whose base vectors are unique, therefore it is possible to deduce the Bravaislattice type from the scalar products of reduced cell vectors(a·a b·b c·c b·c c·a a·b). If the crystal lattice is already known, the plane reduced cells in the reciprocal space are first calculated from the lattice parameters and then the electron diffraction patterns can be indexed by comparing them with the calculated plane reduced cells. If the crystal lattice is unkown, three diffraction spots are selected from two electron diffraction patterns taken one before and the other after tilting the crystal through an angle ψ, the spots being chosen so that they lie close to the center, corresponding to three reciprocal lattice vectors with low indices. These vectors constitute a primitive cell in reciprocal space which is first transformed to a primitive cell then further to a reduced cell in the crystal space. The lattice type and parameters of the Bravais lattice are then deduced and the indices of diffraction spots fixed. Computer pro-grams of the above indexing procedures have been written in Fortran for the purpose of phase analysis and the direct determination of the Bravais lattice of unknown crystals.
PHYSICAL METHOD OF GROUP REPRESENTATION THEORY (IV)——THE IRREDUCIBLE BASES OF SUmn?SUm×SUn AND SUm+n?SUm?SUn
Authors: CHEN JIN-QUAN  , WANG FAN  , GAO MEI-JUAN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

It is proved that the CG coefficient of the permutation group and the outer-product reduction coefficient are just the coupling coefficient which couple the irreduci-ble basis of any SU(m) and SU(n), to those of SU(mn)?SU(m)× SU(n) and SU(m+n)?SU(m)?SU(n) respectively. Several simple methods are given for the calculation of the irreducible bases of SU(mn)?SU(m) × SU(n) and SU(m+n) ?SU(m)?SU(n) when using the Gelfand representation of SU(mn) and SU(m+n). The SU(6)?SU(3) × SU(2) and SU(8)?SU(4) × SU(2) baryon wave functions commonly used in elementary particle models are given in detail.
PHYSICAL METHOD OF GROUP REPRESENTATION THEORY (V)——THE IRREDUCIBLE BASES OF SU(3)?SO(3) AND SU(4)?SU(2)×SU(2)
Authors: CHEN JIN-CHUAN  , GAO MEI-JUAN  , WANG FAN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The expansion coefficients of the SU(3)?SO(3) and SU(4)?SU(2)×SU(2) wave functions in the Gelfand bases are given for particle number f = 1-6 and f = 1-4 respectively.
A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF THE GROWTH OF GRAIN-BOUNDARY CRACK AND AN ESTIMATION OF CREEP RUPTURE TIME
Authors: FAN TIAN-YOU  , LIANG ZHEN-YA  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)北京工业学院二系
Published: November 2020

After a careful study of the article by Hull and Rimmer, we found that there existed some contradictions between the facts and theory put forward. Basing on the experimental data from related references and those obtained in our own laboratory, and retaining the rational basis of the above mentioned work, we suggest a new mechanism of creep rupture and derive a formula for the rupture time. The theoretical values agree fairly well with those measured. From these results, it seems that our treatment has improved some what the theory of Hull and Rimmer.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPURITY PROFILE OF THE 4mm BAND SILICON AVALANCHE DIODE BY MEANS OF THE SCHOTTKY BARRIER CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: LIN HONG-YI  ,   中国科学院半导体研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the impurity profile of the 4 mm band silicon avalanche diode is studied by means of the characteristics of the Schottky barrier. The characteristics of the impurity profile of the epitaxial layers, the impurity profile of the device and its effects on device performance are measured and discussed.
MEASUREMENTS OF ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OF LUMINOUS INTENSITY AND TOTAL LIGHT FLUX OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Authors: HU KAI-SHENG  , FU DE-HUI  , WANG YONG-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院吉林物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we report the design and performance of a rotational type lumious intensity distribution measuring device and an integration sphere. They can be used to measure the angular distribution of luminons intensity and total light flux of LED's. Geometry of the experimental arrangement is described in detail. Measure-ments have been carried out on red emitting GaAsxPx-1, yellow and green emitting GaP and up-conversion GaAs diodes.
THE STATISTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SUPERPOSITION OF A SPECKLE PATTERN AND A COHERENT BACKGROUND
Authors: ZHAN DA-SAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article we consider the statistical properties of the superposition of a partially polarized speckle pattern and a coherent background in an arbitrary polariza-tion state.
THE ELIMINATION AND REGULATION OF ASTIGMATISM IN SPHERICAL MIRROR FOLDED CAVITIES
Authors: ZHANG GUANG-YIN  ,   南开大学物理系
Published: November 2020

By selecting appropriate cavity configurations, the astigmatism of optical mode in spherical mirror folded cavities can be partially eliminated and regulated. The codi-tion of anastigmatism elimination for output branch of spherical mirror folded cavities is calculated by means of the transformation circle diagram.
THE BANDWIDTH AND SCANNING LINEARITY OF PARATELLURITE ACOUSTO-OPTICAL DEFLECTORS
Authors: XU JIE-PING
Published: November 2020

According to the actual practical condition of acousto-optical deflectors, by solving Dixon equations of abnormal Bragg diffraction under the condition of fixed incident light direction ?1, the functional dependences of the ultrasonic wave direction ?a. which gave rise the acousto-optical interaction and the diffraction light direction ?2 on the frequency f are obtained. From the ?a-f relationship, the important design parameters, i.e., the Bragg bandwidth and the transducer length, can be determined accurately. The ?2-f relationship shows good linearity, hence the previously proposed corrections on scanning linearity appear to be unnecessary.
THE EXTERNAL SOLUTIONS OF THE EQUILIBRIUM OF PLASMA WITH QUASI-ELLIPTICAL CROSS SECTION IN A TOROIDAL AXIAL-SYMMETRIC SYSTEM
Authors: LUO ZHENG-MING  ,   中国科学院西南物理研究所
Published: November 2020

By using two kinds of wangerin transformations, the external analytical solutions for a set of important conventional configurations with quasi-elliptical cross sections (including such configurations, as elliptical, tear drop, fingerring, etc.) are obtained. These solutions are not subject to the limitation of small aspect ratio. In the vaccum region near the plasma boundary, a simple approximate solution is found.
ON THE LINEAR ACOUSTIC RESISTANCE OF AN ORIFICE IN AN INFINITE THIN PLATE
Authors: ZHAO SONG-LING  , LU YUAN-WEI  ,   同济大学
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a theory is presented for the linear acoustic resistance of an orifice in an infinite thin plate. For high frequency and/or great orifice, an approximating formula is derived, while the limiting value is obtained in opposite case. Theoretical calculations are in consistency with experimental data. Finally, an approximating formula which is applicable for the whole frequency range is given.
A CLOSED-FORM APPROXIMATION FOR THE 3-DIMENSIONAL ISING MODEL
Authors: SHI HE  , XU YI-CHAO  , HAO BAI-LIN  ,   中国科学院
Published: November 2020

An analytical expression for the partition function of the 3-dimensional Ising Model is obtained (see formula (32)). It is approximate, but has several rational features: (1) It is valid on the whole temperature range from zero to infinity and has only one singular point at uc = 0.2612 in comparision to 0.22 from the series expan-sion; (2) It leads to a nonlogarithmic singularity for the specific heat; (3) It can be reduced into the exact Onsager 2-dimensional solution for planar rectangle lattice in the anisotropic case (see formula (34)) ; (4) It has a high temperature expansion, the first two coefficients are correct and the higher ones diminish systematically but remain positive.
UNITARY TRANSFORMATION AND GENERAL LINEAR TRANSFORMATION BY AN OPTICAL METHOD (Ⅲ)——THE OPTIMIZATION METHOD AND RELATED PEOBLEMS
Authors: HUO YU-PING  ,   中国科学院
Published: November 2020

The possibility of using the optimization methods in realizing a given linear transformation of patterns by optical system is discussed. Furthermore, we have developed a method for characteristic expansion with discrete spectrum and also analyzed some problems pelated to concrete calculations.
A UNIVERSAL REAL-TIME SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM——RTSRS(01)
Authors: YU TIE-CHENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper a universal real-time speech recognition system-RTSRS(01) is described. On the basis of the previous work[1], the parameters of a spoken command are normalized in the time domain. Using the binary spectrum as the final recognition parameters, which can largely reduce the amount of memory necessary for each reference command, and adapting a new method for calculating the separation between two spoken commands to be compared, it is possible to make the system RTSRS(01) capable of identifying single entities in a vocabulary of 200 items in real-time. The results of recognition for a specific speaker are as follows: 10 spoken Chinese digits-99.7%; 20 sentences (7 syllables for each)-99.7%; 100 phrases (4 syllables for each)-99.5%; 150 phrases (4 syllables for each)-99.3%; 200 phrases (4 syllables for each)-98.8%; 400 phrases (4 syllables for each)-97.7%. It has been shown by informal experiments that the system RTSRS(01) can be used to identify the vocabularies which include items with different numbes of syllables; furthermore, for the first 20 English digits and the names of BASIC statements, the correct recognition rate is also high.
ON THE THEORY OF SCATTERING BY A SPHERICAL MIRROR
Authors: SHEN HAO-MING
Published: November 2020

In the present paper, a method of calculating scattering field by a spherical mirror is introduced. Three coordinate surfaces of the spherical coordinate system are used to surround the mirror and separate the space into three regions, in each of which the general solution have been worked out, respectively. Then by making use of the boundary-condition, we obtain a group of equations, by which the coefficients are determined. This equations are used for calculating the radiating field of spherical antennas. The analytic solutions are obtained.
SOLVING CRYSTAL SUPERSTRUCTURES BY THE DIRECT METHOD
Authors: FAN HAI-FU  , HE LUO  , QIAN JIN-ZI  , LIU SHI-XIANG
Published: November 2020

Superstructures are often observed in inorganic crystals, including many minerals and certain important solid state materials. In diffraction patterns of such crystals, superstructure reflections, which carry information of the structure details, are generally very weak. The common practice in structure determination is, therefore, to ignore the superstructure reflections at first, making use only of the strong pseudos-tructure reflections to find a pseudostructure to account for the essential structural features. The precise superstructure is then derived on its basis. However, this approach is complicated in consequence of the impossibility to derive the latter directly from the former by means of ordinary techniques of structure refinement. To overcome this difficulty, it is proposed in this paper that the phases of superstructure reflections can be derived directly from those of the pseudostructure reflections. This considerably simplifies the procedure of superstructure determination. Applications to practical structures confirmed the effectiveness of the method.
MAGNETIC COATED SMALL DIPOLE ANTENNA
Authors: BEIJING ANTENNA GROUP
Published: November 2020

Theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the basic parameters of coated small dipole antenna were carried out in the short wave range. It was concluded that the resonance frequency of the dipole could be lowered and the radiative resistance could be improved by magnetic coating at the price of some loss in band width and efficiency. The radii ratio of the coating and the inner conductor played a primary role as compared to the absolute size of the magnetic material. In addition, the characteristics of the magnetic coated antenna was explained within the framework of an approximate theory based on surface wave transmission line concepts. The design procedure of such antennas was also discussed.
THEORY OF MULTI-PHOTON PHOTO-DISSOCIATION OF POLYATOMIC MOLECULES IN AN INTENSE INFRARED LASER FIELD
Authors: GAN ZI-ZHAO  , YANG GUO-ZHENG  , FENG KE-AN  , HUANG XI-YI  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Based on the theory of non-linear vibration and conception of uni-molecular reaction, we suggest in this article a physical model to describe the phenomena of instantaneous dissociation of polyatomic molecules interacting with an intense ir laser field. It is shown that there exists close and internal relationship between the dissociation threshold usually observed and the "jumping" processes occured inherently in nonlinear vibration. Taking the SF6 molecule as an example, the dissociation threshold, frequency "red shift" and the rotational compansation etc. are analyzed and evaluated. Good quantitative agreement between theoretical results and experimental observations is found.
CALCULATION OF LUMINOUS EFFICACY,AND BOTH POWER AND QUANTUM EFFICIENC IES OF LED BY DIRECT INTEGRATION OF GAUSSIAN FUNCTIONS
Authors: HU KAI-SHENG  ,   中国科学院吉林物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The visibility aurve and the spectral energy distribution curve of light emitted by semiconductor diodes are approximated by Gaussian functions with appropriate parameters. The buminous efficiency and both power and quantum efficiencies of luminescence of LED can then be evaluated by direct integration when the total luminous flux was measured. Comparison of the calculated values with those obtained by means of planimeter shows fairly good agreement for three kinds of LED: GaP. GaAs0.62P0.38 and Ga0.68Al0.32As.
THE STRUCTURE AND PHASE TRANSITIONS OF MAGNESIUM IODATE CRYSTALS
Authors: LIANG JING-KUI  , YU YU-DE  , DING SHI-LING  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学,1977年毕业生; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The phase transitions of Mg(IO3)2·4H2O crystals in the heating process have been investigated by means of thermal analyses and X-ray diffraction at high and room temperatures. The results may be exhibited in the following diagram:no thermal effect observed on beating or coolingThe crystal structure of Mg(IO3)2·4H2O has been determined by means of the method of single crystal diffraction, it has been found that the space group of Mg(IO3)2·4H2O is P2 or Pm. There are two formula units per unit cell. Lattice parameters are: a=8.307?, b=6.627?, c=8.541?, β=100°5′. The crystal structure of α-Mg(IO3)2 has been determined by X-ray powder method. The unit cell of α-Mg(IO3)2 is hexagonal, with a=5.4777?, c=5.1282?, c/a= 0.9362 at 14℃. There is one formula unit per unit cell. The space group is P63. 60II are situated at the 6(c) positions, 2IV are situated at 2(b) positions, and Mg++-ion is disorderly distributed at half of 2(a) positions, the atomic parameters being Xc=0.096, Yc=0.344, Zc=0.162, Zb=0, Za=0.981. The crystal structure of α-Mg(IO3)2 is isomorphic with a-LiIO3. α-Mg(IO3)2 is different from a-LiIO3 only in that the Mg++-ion is disorderly distributed at one-half of 2(a) positions and the other half is vacant.
A NEW METHOD OF COLOR HOLOGRAPHY
Authors: CHEN YAN-SONG  , WANG YU-TANG  , DONG BI-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article, a hew method of color holography is suggested. Only a single wavelength laser is needed as light source, and any monochromatic holographic plate for photographic recording. The hologram obtained is then reconstructed by means of white light transmission. Experiments have been carried out using flower and three color circles as objects, the reconstructed pictures are presented here.
ROLE OF SILVER COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN Ag-O-Cs PHOTOCATHODE
Authors: WU QUAN-DE  ,   北京大学
Published: November 2020

Since the discovery of Ag-O-Cs photocathode, its mechanism of photoemission has remained enigmatic. The role of silver colloidal particles is important for the explana-tion of photoemission in long wavelength region. This paper presents a general review of the role of silver colloidal particles in the literatures, such as experiments by Лахомов et al. We come to a conclusion that the photoelectric emission of Ag-O-Cs photocathode above 4000? comes from small silver colloidal particles in the film of Cs2O.
A STUDY ON GROWTH CONDITION OF FeOOH (Ⅰ)
Authors: DU YOU-WEI  , LI ZHENG-YU  , LU HUAI-XIAN  , GU BEN-XI  , WANG GUI-QIN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

This paper describes the growth condition of PeOOH in the solution of ferrous sulphate with NaOH or NH4OH as precipitant. The crystal forms were observed with electron microscope. The phase composition and phase boundaries were determined by X-ray diffraction. When the precipitant is NH4OH or NaOH, the two phase diagrams of the FeOOH growth in the acid region are similar, but in the alkaline region they are different.
MAGNETIC FIELD DESIGN FOR A LARGE TOKAMAK
Authors: YU GUO-YANG  , CHEN JUN-BENG  , HUO YU-PING  ,   中国科学院等离子体物理研究所
Published: November 2020

This artiele is the summary of the methods of the magnetic field design of the CT-8 Takamak. We analized the influence of all kinds of stray field on the equilibrium of the plasma tour, and discussed the requirement which should be satisfied by the magnetic field (especially, stray field) and developed a optimization method. We also analized the possibility to maintain the equilibrium in the process of temperature raising.
ON THE ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION OF STATIC ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MULTIPOLE FIELDS
Authors: XIMEN JI-YE  , CHEN WEN-XIONG  ,   北京大学无线电电子学系
Published: November 2020

The multipole fields are widely used in electron-optical devices and instruments. The multipole fields are generated by several azimuthaly-arranged electrodes or pole-pieces and, are thereby not rotational symmetric. They generally possess some planes of symmetry or anti-symmetry.The Fourier-transform method is used to decompose the three dimensional potential distribution into a series of independent two dimensional potentials, which can be calculated easily by the relaxation method. For this purpose, the three dimensional boundary values must be expressed in Fourier-series with respect to the azimuth θ in eylindrical coordinates. After these treatments, the corresponding two dimensional potentials can be calculated and superimposed.A computer program has been worked out for calculation of the properties of the multipole fields and its fringe fields. Some examples of importance such as quadrupole lens or doublet, and a toroidal deflection coil have been treated in detail. The numerieal results show that the Fourier-transform method for multipole field is a useful means for analysis and design of electron-optical devices.
SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH OF STRONTIUM SODIUM LITHIUM NIOBATE
Authors: NIOBATES RESEARCH GROUP  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Strontium sodium lithium niobate (SNLN) single crystal possesses good electro-optical properties, but at room temperature only its metastable phase can be obtained. An eutectoidal decomposition will take place when the grown crystal is cooled slowly across the eutectoid horizontal which is about 1200℃. Single crystal up to 10 mm diameter and 15 mm in length were grown by the Czochralski method. Large temperature gradient is adopted during the growth period. The grown crystal is cooled at a higher cooling rate acress the eutectoid horizontal to avoid decomposition. The major problems in the process of growth and cause of crystal cracking are discussed.
THE GROWTH OF FACETS AND VICINAL INTERFACES ON CZOCHRALSKI-GROWN YAG SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: MING NAI-BEN  , YANG YONG-SHUN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we studied the macro-morphology and micro-structure of crystal-molt interfaces, which was exposed by rapid separating the growing crystal from the melt. We have determined the indices of the facets revealed on the interface of Czochralski-pulled YAG single crystals with various orientations. The facets have been discovered on the concave interface as well as on convex interface of -oriented grown YAG single crystals. We have observed the micro-structure of vicinal interface, which is composed of sections of singular surface dispersed with steps. The experimental evidence for the step movement as well as the interaction of steps with inclusions on these interfaces is presented.The micro-structure of the interfaces and the correspondence between the facets and the core for concave interface growth are discussed, and it is implied that the macro-shapes of interface influence the micro-mechanism of growth. The growth mechanism for concave and convex interfaces based on these considerations is then developed.
CELLULAR INTERFACE AND CELLULAR STRUCTURE DUE TO CONSTITUTIONAL SUPERCOOLING IN CZOCHRALSKI-GROWN LiNbO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: MING NAI-BEN  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we studied the morphology of the cellular interface and cellular structure due to constitutional supercooling in Czochralski-Caxis grown LiNbO3 single crystals which were unintentionally doped with Al impurities.The cellular interface consists of a crowd of trigonal-shaped pyramids and the indices of three pyramidal planes are {0112}, between these pyramids there are solute (Al)-rich grooves. The cellular structure in the grown crystal appears as a bundle of prism-shaped cells parallel to the growth direction [0001] divided by {0112} cell walls relatively rich in solute (Al), or as many forks of three solute-rich {0112} walls. These experimental results establish that the white-stripes, veils and solute trails are the manifestations of cellular structure and that the intermittent cellular structure has originated from the temperature fluctuation. The morphology of cellular interface and cellular structure of oxide materials has been compared with metals and their morphological differences are correlated with their entropy of fusion.
MEASUREMENT OF CARRIER LIFETIME OF GaAs DIODES WITH p-n AND M-S JUNCTIONS BY STEP RECOVERY METHOD
Authors: WANG WEI-YUAN  ,   中国科学院上海冶金研究所
Published: November 2020

This paper presents some preliminary results on the measurement of carrier lifetime of GaAs diodes by the step recovery method. The lifetime of Si recovery diodes with Boron diffused p-n junction has been measured by the reverse recovery and step recovery methods.The results obtained are fairly consistent, indicating that it meets the requirement of the step recovery method sufficiently well. Therefore, it is suggested that the diode lifetime so obtained is equal to the minority carrier lifetime. In this way, the minority carrier lifetime of GaAs diodes with p-n junction has been determined. The lifetime of GaAs diodes with M-S schottry barrier has also been measured. In this case, however, it is suggested from a preliminary analysis that the measured value is not the minority carrier lifetime.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF LASER IMPLOSIVE COMPRESSION OF A D T TARGET AND ANALYTIC SOLUTIONS ON THE SHOCK WAVES AND THERMAL WAVES
Authors: TAN WEI-HAN  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

On the basis of analysing the results of a computer simulation of one-dimensional double-temperature laser implosive compression of a DT target, the author has found the analytic solutions on the shock waves and thermal waves which are in good agreement with the computer results.
INFLUENCE OF THE TERMINAL LEVEL LIFETIME ON Nd-GLASS LASER AMPLIFIERS
Authors: DENG HE  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, influence of the terminal level lifetime on Nd-glass laser amplifiers has been investigated by using a computer. Results show that, for a Nd-glass laser amplifier with dimension of φ20×480 mm, when the Nd-glass terminal level lifetime is decreased from 100 ns to 1 ns, the influences on an input pulse with a 20 ns width and 2.0 J/cm2 energy density are as follows: the gain increases by～20%; the distortion of the pulse peak decreases by～20%; and the amplifier's saturation length decreases by～30%.
THE DIFFRACTION AT A STRAIGHT EDGE IN OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH ABERRATION UNDER PARTIALLY COHERENT ILLUMINATION
Authors: ZHUANG SONG-LIN  , CHEN XIANG-ZHEN  ,   上海光学仪器研究所
Published: November 2020

This paper deals theoretically with the influences of various kinds of mutual co-herence function and the degree of coherence on the distribution of straight-edge generated image field. Indicating the close connections between the illuminating con-dition and image formation, we thus obtain the reliable method to select the optimal illuminating condition. Based on our theoretical calculation on optical system with aberration, it is shown that the radial intensity distribution of the straight-edge generated imagery can reflect sensitively the quality of the optical system. This can be adopted as the quality criterion for practical optical system under partially cohe-rent illumination.
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF TENACISS IGENIN
Authors: TENACISS IGENIN STRUCTURE GROUP  ,   中国科学院生物物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The crystal of Tenaciss igenin with component C21H32O5 belongs to mono-clinic system. The space group is C22—P21. The crystal parameters are as follows: α=10.437?,b=12.467?,c=7.548?,β=109°57′, and of molecules number in an unit cell Z=2. The diffraction data were collected using pw-1100 four-circle diffractometer, the number of independent diffraction data amounts to 1770. The crystal structure was determined by direct method. Refinement of structure parameters was acheived by least-squares method, R= 0.098.The tenaciss igenin is steroid. B-ring and C-ring, C-ring and D-ring all exhibit cisforms. Between the molecules there exist bi-orientation hydrogen-bonds.
THE GEOMETRY OF LATTICE PLANES
Authors: YANG QI-BING  , YE HENG-QIANG  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

An analytical method to find correspondence matrix for basic vector transformation is given by using elementary theory of numbers. Methods for drawing of a lattice plane and of a composite lattice plane of two place lattices as well as their applications are discussed.
CALCULATIONS OF THE EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR SOME SIMPLE METALS WITH PSEUDOPOTENTIAL METHOD
Authors: LI SHU-SHAN  , LIN GUANG-HAI  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

A new method for the determination of the parameter in the pseudopotential of the simplified Heine-Abarenkov model is proposed. In the present method the values of the parameter γc in the pseudopotential and the correction coefficient H for the average value of electron-ion interaction energy are determined from the experimental data of the bulk modulus and the lattice constant of the crystal at 0 K and 0 kbar. The equations of state for eleven simple metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Al, Mg, Zn, Si and Ge) are calculated by means of this model potential and the second order perturbation theory. The calculated pressure-volume relations at 293K are compared with the experimental data. The agreement for all metals is fairly good except Zn for which the discrepancy between the different experimental data is relatively large.
THE FREE BOUNDARY SOLUTION TO THE EQUATION OF PLASMA MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM WITH AXISYMMETRY AND NON-CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION
Authors: QING CHENG-RUI  , ZHOU YU-MEI  ,   (1)中国科学院理论物理研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A generized method of iteration is developed for solving the equation of plasma MHD equilibrium with free boundary in axial-symmetric tori with non-circular cross-section and conducting shell. The plasma current distributions may be peaked at the center of the plasma or have various forms of skin distributions. The conditions under which this method can effectively be used are also discussed.
FURTHER TEST FOR THE "AN EMPIRICAL RULE FOR SUPERCONDUCTING A-15 TYPE COMPOUNDS"
Authors: LUO QI-GUANG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The author discusses recent experimental results which agree well with predictions given by his previous paper.
HOLOGRAPHIC CONCAVE GRATING MONOCHROMATOR
Authors: JIANG YA-GUANG  , SONG CONG-LONG  ,   江苏师范学院
Published: November 2020

This monochromator is specially designed for the F/3 holographic concave grating. Having taken into first consideration the simplicity of mechanical structure, a new kind of optical path has been designed to increase the focussing precision as much as possible. Based on Seya-Namioka Mounting and Johnson Mounting, the new design is characterized by choosing a more suitable position of the rotation axis and selecting two wavelengths for spectrum correction. The method employed is similar to that of the three point ganged tuning. The new mounting is named JS-Ⅱ Concave Grating Monochromator. So far, the results obtained have proved that the new mounting is an improvement over the Seya-Namioka and Johnson mountings. The monochromator functions within the range of 2500?→ 10000?, the loss of resolution due to defocussing being less than 1? within the range of 3500? → 6500?.
FLUX GROWTH OF GGG CRYSTALS AND DETERMINATION OF THE NUCLEATION TEMPERATURE
Authors: LIU JI-ZHE  , JIN TONG-ZHENG  , LIU GONG-QIANG  ,   南京大学固体物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Flux-growth of the GGG crystal has been investigated. Experiments showed that in PbO -PbF2 flux system the composition range of the solution for the crystallization of GGG is quite wide, the growth is quite stable, and the density of dislocations is relatively low. The nucleation temperature of crystallization was determined by the technique of induced striations.
THE PROBLEM OF THE CONVERGENCE RADIUS OF THE Tc SERIES SOLUTION
Authors: ZHOU ZI-FANG  , WU HANG-SHENG  , MAO DE-QIANG  , GU YI-MING  ,   中国科学技术大学
Published: November 2020

Based on the Eliashberg equation, a formula for calculating the convergence radius Λ-1 of the Tc series solution is proved. Practically, it is identical with that which was conjectured in a previous paper by one of the authors and his co-workers. Therefore, the method for calculating Λ suggested by them is justified.
TORSIONAL PENDULUM ——A POSSIBLE ANTENNA FOR DETECTING LOW FREQUENCY GRAVI-TATIONAL WAVES
Authors: ZHENG QING-ZHANG  , CUI SHI-ZHI  ,   中山大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this article, we have studied the response and the cross section o:E a torsional pendulum to gravitational waves, and discussed some related problems. This article shows that the pendulum can be taken as a mechanical resonance antenna for detecting low frequency gravitational waves.
A STUDY OF Sr FERRITE BY MOSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: ZHANG YU-CHANG  , LI ZHENG-YU  , JIAO HONG-ZHEN  , ZHAI HONG-RU  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The phase transition and super-paramagnetism in sintering process of Sr ferrite powders prepared by chemical co-precipitation were examined by Mbssbauer spectroscopy. The influence of particle size on phase transition was analyzed. The parameters of 5 hyperfine sub-spectra of Sr ferrite were determined.
ELLIPSOMETRIC STUDY OF DAMAGE AND ANNEALING IN ARSENIC ION IMPLANTED SILICON
Authors: MO DANG  , LU YIN-CHENG  , LI DAN-HUI  , LIU SHANG-HE  , LU WU-XING  ,   (1)北京半导体器件研究所; (2)北京师范大学; (3)中山大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The ellipsometric method has been developed to investigate the radiation damage and annealing effect in As ion implanted silicon. For 1×1016 cm-2, 150 keV As ion implantation, the refractive index-depth profile exhibits a plateau form, indicating the existence of an amorphous layer. The annealing temperature used to remove amorphous layer must be about 700℃ or higher. The experimental results show that the ellipso-meter is one of the useful tools for radiation damage determinations.
DIFFRACTION GEOMETRY OF MONOCHROMATIC X RAY QUADRUPLE FOCUSING CAMERA
Authors: GUO CHANG-LIN  ,   中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所
Published: November 2020

The diffraction geometries of asymmetric Johann crystal monochromator and asymmetric logarithmic-spiral crystal monochromator are analysed in detail. The formulas for calculating the distance L1 between focus of X-ray source and monochromator, the dispersion width b1, b2 of cross section of source and focusing line are given. According to the result of theoretical analysis, the adjustable elastically bent quartz crystal monochromator which is the approximate asymmetric Johann type is used in the construction of X-ray focusing camera.
A HVEM OBSERVATION OF THE Nb/Nb3Sn COMPOSITE SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS
Authors: WU ZI-QIN  , GAO QIAO-JUN  , LI YONG-HONG  , TANG XIAN-DE  ,   (1)宝鸡有色金属研究所; (2)北京大学物理系; (3)冶金工业部有色金属研究总院
Published: November 2020

The microstructure of the single core and multifilamentary Nb/Nb3Sn composite materials has been observed using a 1000 kV HVEM. Two types of moire patterns, formed by overlapping Nb3Sn/Nb3Sn and Nb/Nb3Sn crystals respectively, have been found.
AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF CONFOCAL UNSTABLE OPTICAL RESONATOR
Authors: LIU JIAN-BANG  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

The Kirchhoff-Fresnel integral equation is transformed into Fourier space and the analytical eigenfunctions, eigenvalus, resonance conditions and far field distributions are obtained. The form of eigenfunctions obtained in the Fourier space are very simple, this result might be used as a convenient start point for further investigation of the unstable optical resonator.