bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DENGAN APLIKASI BERBASIS ANDROID PADA PENINGKATAN PERANAN WANITA MENUJU KELUARGA SEHAT SEJAHTERA (P2WKSS) DI DUSUN JOMBOR, SRIMULYO, PIYUNGAN, BANTUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Cahyaningsih Devi Maryati , Subandi Yeyen
Published: November 2023

Eranya Revolusi Industri 4.0 dan eranya media digitalisasi yang semakin menuju taraf internasional menjadikan pertumbuhan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia semakin meningkat, tentunya merupakan angin segar bagi perekonomian Indonesia yang berdampak pada perluasan lapangan kerja. Namun, pertumbuhannya yang semakin meningkat tentunya bukan tanpa masalah. Berbagai permasalahan UMKM yang ada justru membuatnya kalah bersaing, jalan di tempat, hingga gulung tikar. Para pengusaha UMKM di Dusun Jombor, Srimulyo, Piyungan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, belum mengetahui pentingnya membuat laporan keuangan. Para pelaku UMKM tidak pernah mencatat jumlah uang masuk dan uang keluar, hutang dan piutang, serta mereka tidak memisahkan antara uang pribadi dengan uang kegiatan usaha mereka. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, kegiatan penyuluhan bagi pelaku UMKM untuk mengelola keuangan dengan Aplikasi berbasis Android adalah hal yang tepat. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ditujukan bagi pelaku UMKM yang dilakukan pada 27 Juni 2022 dengan sasaran 20 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyampaian materi dengan cara demonstrasi aplikasi berbasis Android. Aplikasi berbasis Android yang digunakan adalah aplikasi “BukuKas”. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi sebanyak 50% dari peserta penyuluhan menyetujui penggunaan aplikasi “BukuKas” untuk pengelolaan keuangan, dan para peserta segera beralih dari pencatatan manual ke aplikasi “BukuKas” pada usahanya untuk memudahkan dalam pengelolaan keuangan.
RANCANG BANGUN WEBSITE SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI DAN SUMBER BELAJAR UNTUK RUMAH TAHFIDZ QUR’AN AL HASAN BANJARARU
Authors: Yadiannur Mitra , Alamsyah Prima Yudhi , Rahmah Rahmah , Ningsih Rahma Pitria , Sulaiman Sulaiman , Irawan Joni
Published: November 2023

Pada era digitalisasi saat ini, penggunaan teknologi informasi menjadi salah satu yang sangat penting dan penunjang kebutuhan kebutuhan dan kehidupan manusia. Adanya bantuan teknologi informasi, penyampaian informasi dan kegiatan pemasaran lebih mudah dilakukan, tanpa terbatas waktu ataupun tempat, termasuk didalamnya dalam hal penghematan biaya. Salah satu pemanfaatan teknologi yang penting untuk lembaga adalah website. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan mitra Yayasan Islam Baderi Hasan Pada Rumah Tahfidz Qur’an Al-Hasan di Banjarbaru. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra adalah bahwa rumah tahfidz Qur’an belum memiliki website, dan saat ini hanya memiliki Instagram sebagai media promosi dan media penyebar informasi. Adapun metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini meliputi membangun komunikasi dengan mitra, merancang website, memberikan pendampingan dan pelatihan penggunaan website, dan implementasi website rumah tahfidz. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini direncanakan maksimal selama 6 bulan. kegiatan pengabdian berjalan dengan baik dan lancar, hal ini dikarenakan antusiasme peserta pengabdian dan support dari yayasan rumah tahfidz qur’an al-hasan.
WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN DATA GENDER DI LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Fatkhuri Fatkhuri
Published: November 2023

Penyediaan data gender terpilah berdasarkan jenis kelamin telah menjadi salah satu kendala bagi pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Tangerang dalam mengintegrasikan isu-isu gender dalam perencanaan dan penganggaran pembangunan responsif gender. Workshop penyusunan data gender menjadi salah satu solusi yang ditempuh oleh pemerintah daerah Tangerang untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Metode kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan diskusi kelompok dan praktik disertai penyelesaian masalah. Hasil kegiatan ini memperlihatkan peningkatan sensitifitas dan pola fikir (mindset) para perencana program pembangunan daerah di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten Tangerang. Para perencana program melalui kegiatan ini terbantu dan terfasilitasi dalam menentukan program prioritas daerah yang didasarkan pada data gender untuk mengurangi kesenjangan gender di berbagai bidang pembangunan daerah di Kabupaten Tangerang.
As principais doenças oculares em crianças e como preveni-las: uma overview
Authors: De Almeida Rudinei Lima , Almeida Bruna Rennara Feitoza , Martins Felipe Miranda dos Santos , Queiroz Henrique Rodrigues Castro , Zucco Karoline Gomes , De Morais Lorrana Rossi , De Vasconcellos Clara Almeida Sarti , Polizeli Leticia Batista , Madeiro Mariana Lima
Published: November 2023

A oftalmologia pediátrica desempenha um papel crucial na identificação e tratamento de doenças oftalmológicas em crianças. Este trabalho se concentra em explorar as principais condições que afetam a saúde ocular infantil e as estratégias preventivas associadas. Para construir essa revisão abrangente, foram utilizados dados de pesquisas científicas, revisões de literatura e informações de pesquisas epidemiológicas. Para desenvolver este trabalho, usamos uma abordagem que envolveu uma revisão da literatura científica, análise de pesquisas epidemiológicas e consulta a fontes especializadas em oftalmologia pediátrica. Fizemos uma extensa revisão da literatura científica, pesquisando informações sobre doenças oftalmológicas em crianças. Foram consultadas as bases de dados consideradas relevantes na medicina, como o PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Posteriormente, extraímos e analisamos dados relevantes, incluindo informações sobre as doenças oftalmológicas em crianças, suas causas, sintomas, tratamentos e estratégias de prevenção. A análise de dados dessas fontes ressaltou a importância de estratégias preventivas, como o teste do olhinho, triagem visual infantil e cuidados oculares adequados em crianças. Os resultados demonstram que a detecção precoce e o tratamento oportuno são fundamentais para prevenir complicações e deficiências visuais permanentes. Os resultados obtidos e posteriormente apresentados reforçam a importância de detectar precocemente, tratar prontamente e implementar medidas preventivas adequadas para garantir a saúde ocular das crianças e prevenir complicações visuais a longo prazo. A oftalmologia pediátrica desempenha um papel vital na promoção de um desenvolvimento visual saudável desde a infância. Conclui-se que a conscientização, colaboração entre profissionais de saúde e a promoção de estratégias preventivas são cruciais para garantir uma vida com visão clara e saudável para as gerações futuras. A oftalmologia pediátrica desempenha um papel essencial nesse processo, visando o melhor desenvolvimento visual e a qualidade de vida das crianças.
A brief history of the oil and gas potential of the Volga-Ural basin. A View from the 21st Century
Authors: Kozhanov Dmitriy D. , Bolshakova Mariya A.
Published: November 2023

The article presents data on the history of the discovery of oil and gas deposits within the central and northern parts of the Volga-Ural oil and gas basin. On the basis of published scientific and stock literature, the evolution of geological thought on the issue of identifying oil sources is traced. A special role is assigned to the history of studying the geological structure and oil and gas potential of the Riphean-Vendian (Precambrian) complex. The work contains data on scientific schools of the past and present.
Experimental data on organic matter maturation investigation in one sample of the Bazhenov shale formations (Western Siberia)
Authors: Savostin Grigoriy G. , Kalmykov Anton G. , Ivanova Darya A. , Kalmykov Georgiy A.
Published: November 2023

The paper presents the results of the closed system hydrous pyrolysis isothermal kinetic experiment on a source rock sample from the Bazhenov shale formation. After 48 hours of thermal exposure at a temperature of 350 °С 80% of the kerogen generation potential relative to the original sample was transformed into hydrocarbons. Organic matter changes during laboratory modeling of maturation, controlled by pyrolytic parameters, follow the same trends as in natural source rocks. The kinetic spectra of kerogen activation energy destruction show a heterogeneity of organic matter inside the rock. At the constant frequency factor, a decrease in low-energy bonds and an increase in the release of hydrocarbon compounds from 53 to 54 kcal/mol are observed. Calculated changes in hydrocarbon compounds formation at different activation energies depending on maturity level are different from experimental ones, which indicates the influence of maceral composition and necessity to take into account a variability of individual components in basin modeling.
Koszty świadczeń z tytułu wypadków przy pracy i chorób zawodowych. Prewencja jako element zarządzania tymi kosztami
Authors: Dobrowolska Elżbieta , Gaca Bartosz
Published: November 2023

Wstęp: Niniejszy artykuł wpisuje się w dyskusję na temat biznesowego znaczenia inwestycji w bezpieczeństwo i zdrowie w pracy. W artykule przedstawiono perspektywę ubezpieczyciela społecznego na tle kosztów, jakie generują świadczenia wypłacane w związku ze zmaterializowaniem się ryzyka wypadku przy pracy i choroby zawodowej oraz działań profilaktycznych i minimalizujących to ryzyko przewidzianych w powszechnym systemie ubezpieczeń społecznych.Cel: Analiza kosztów wypadków przy pracy i chorób zawodowych jako kosztów uczestników powszechnego systemu ubezpieczeń społecznych, a zatem kosztów nie tylko indywidualnych (ubezpieczonych, płatników składek), ale także całego społeczeństwa. Autorzy podejmują próbę oceny działań prewencyjnych Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych jako elementu zarządzania ryzykiem ubezpieczeniowym, który wpisuje się także do szerszego systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem i zdrowiem w pracy.Materiał i metody: W toku prac badawczych wykorzystano analizę danych dotyczących świadczeń wypłacanych przez Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych z funduszu wypadkowego Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych. Analizie poddano głównie dane statystyczne oraz akty prawne. Przy formułowaniu wniosków wykorzystano także wiedzę ekspercką wynikającą z zajmowanych przez autorów stanowisk. Wnioski: Działania prewencyjne, które minimalizują ryzyko wypadku przy pracy i choroby zawodowej, stanowią istotny element zarządzania systemem ubezpieczeń społecznych oraz wpisują się w szeroko rozumiane systemowe podejście do zarządzania bezpieczeństwem i zdrowiem w pracy. Prewencja jako instrument zarządzania ryzykiem ubezpieczeniowym pozwala ograniczać koszty wypadków przy pracy i chorób zawodowych. O skuteczności podejmowanych działań prewencyjnych świadczy kondycja funduszu wypadkowego, w którym wpływy dwukrotnie przewyższają wydatki. Zmniejszanie wydatków związanych z funkcją kompensacyjną systemu ubezpieczeń społecznych daje szersze możliwości rozwoju funkcji prewencyjnej tego systemu, wykraczającej poza profilaktykę w obszarze wypadków przy pracy i chorób zawodowych. Prewencja dotyczy tu również utrzymywania zdolności do pracy ubezpieczonych, co w dobie starzejącego się społeczeństwa odgrywa niezwykle ważną rolę.
Complaints in the police as a guarantor of security
Authors: Dudek Zygmunt
Published: November 2023

The Police is one of the services established by society to ensure security and public order, equipped with specific competences including the right to use force. Therefore, representatives of this formation should avoid behaviour that could deprive it of its credibility and undermine its authority in the eyes of the public opinion, especially since many powers granted to the Police allow it to interfere with the sphere of civic freedoms and rights. The right of citizens to submit complaints about actions of the Police officers is primarily aimed at enabling them to exercise specific control over those decisions of the Police officers which, in the opinion of the public, require verification.The aim of the article is to present the topics related to the procedure of submitting and examining complaints against decisions of the Police officers.In order to discuss the issue of complaints, applicable legal provisions, official guidelines and scientific literature were analysed.Citizens place high demands on the Police in taking action aimed at ensuring their safety. By enforcing the implementation of this obligation, they impose on the Police the need for a thorough analysis of all aspects of this issue. The most important thing is for the activities of the Police officers to be consistent with the expectations of the society.
EU cultural heritage protection actions in post conflict countries
Authors: Lipka Mirosław
Published: November 2023

This article provides an overview of EU policy in the field of cultural heritage protection with particular emphasis on post conflict countries. The analysis describes and evaluates the overall EU’s approach in all areas of EU engagement in this domain, towards the subject of effective mandate implementation of civilian CSDP Missions with the protection of cultural assets in their field of operation. The concluding remarks compare achievements and shortcomings of ongoing missions against their mandates and objectives, outlining some selected EU initiatives which aim at improving the EU’s performance and propose further steps in the protection of cultural heritage.The EU has contributed to reconstruction, restauration or revitalisation of cultural heritage affected by recent conflicts and crises in Libya, Iraq, Yemen, promoting at the same time social cohesion, new job creation and reconciliation. Part of recovery processes, the projects in Cameroon, Somalia, Israel, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Kosovo, Republic of Moldova, etc. have contributed to improved inter-community trust through cultural heritage protection. Resent Russian invasion of Ukraine, which has caused thousands of deaths and major economic damages, brought destruction of civilian infrastructure and considerably affected cultural heritage. Monuments, museums, archaeological sides and archives, etc. were fully destroyed or brutally damaged. This triggered EUto recognise the importance of ensuring synergies and coordination between the EU and its Member States for maximization of the impact of our actions in support for cultural heritage in conflicts and crises, and in line with the EU Integrated Approach to External Conflicts and Crises.
MULHERES NEGRAS, TRABALHOS DO CUIDADO E A PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO NA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Da Silva Pauline Aparecida Ildefonso Ferreira , Amaral Shirlena Campos de Souza
Published: November 2023

A divisão sexual do trabalho transformou os trabalhos do cuidado em marca histórica das atividades femininas e maior campo de absorção de mão de obra de mulheres oriundas das camadas mais empobrecidas em todo mundo. Apresentarmos um debate sobre a precarização estrutural do trabalho feminino e as intersecções de classe, raça e gênero inseridas nesse mercado em face da crise sanitária provocada pelo Covid-19. Para dar conta do debate, optamos pelo movimento teóricometodológico pautado em revisão bibliográfica e análise de dados oficiais, a fim de trazer para o centro deste debate a importância do trabalho do cuidado na produção e reprodução da vida na ordem capitalista e dialogar sobre as particularidades das relações de trabalho em tempos de pandemia.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO STAND POINT INTERSECCIONAL PARA O SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Da Silva Pauline Aparecida Ildefonso Ferreira , Amaral Shirlena Campos de Souza
Published: November 2023

A partir da década de 1970 e 80, tendo em vista a acumulação teórica operada pelo Serviço Social é notável a incorporação de matrizes teóricas e metodológicas compatíveis com a ruptura com o conservadorismo profissional, destacadamente as inspiradas na tradição marxista. Isso significa dizer que, tanto no plano da produção do conhecimento estala-se um pluralismo que permitiu ao Serviço Social construir novo arcabouço teórico-metodológico comprometido com a luta da classe trabalhadora, em defesa da emancipação humana, com a liberdade como valor ético central, posicionamento em favor da equidade e justiça social, entre outros princípios[1] norteadores da profissão. Neste ensejo, propomos neste artigo um diálogo entre marxismo e teoria feminista negra como forma de enriquecer o debate do Serviço Social acerca das complexificações das manifestações das desigualdades a partir do recorte interseccional que visualiza as categorias estruturais de desigualdades de classe, raça e gênero em movimento contínuo nos processos de produção e reprodução da vida.
RECOMENDAÇÕES PARA O USO DE TECNOLOGIA NA INFÂNCIA: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOGRÁFICO
Authors: De Lacerda Mirela Borba
Published: November 2023

Atualmente, o uso de aparelhos eletrônicos vem crescendo nas famílias, principalmente nas famílias em que tem crianças. O mundo digital tem sido oferecido para as crianças desde muito cedo e elas costumam fazer uso dos gadgets até a vida adulta. Contudo, esse uso dos aparelhos eletrônicos não é tão inofensivo quanto pode parecer para algumas pessoas. Existem cartilhas de recomendação para o uso desses aparelhos na infância. Esse artigo traz as principais informações que se deve ter para um uso mais saudável.
Determinants of users’ engagement with official military Instagram accounts
Authors: López-Rodríguez Guillermo
Published: November 2023

Los ejércitos modernos buscan incrementar sus audicencias empleando métricas como la interacción para determinar el éxito y popularidad de sus publicaciones. Este artículo continúa con investigaciones previas sobre el contenido de las cuentas oficiales de los ejércitos en Instagram, estudiando los principales condicionantes de la interacción de los usuarios con las cuentas militares. Siguiendo este propósito, se ha seleccionado una muestra procedente de los ejércitos de Francia, Israel, España, Australia y EEUU en 2021 (n=1922). Los resultados proporcionan pruebas de una correlación estadística entre los niveles de interacción y la estructura y temas de la publicación. Aquellas publicaciones referentes a las consecuencias de la práctica militar, como víctimas mortales o la participación en conflictos, generan altos niveles de interacción. Sin embargo, los usuarios tienden a interactuar menos con aquellas publicaciones informativas o relativas a actividades no militares. La conclusión señala algunas recomendaciones para mejorar la comunicación pública en Instagram y plantea futuras líneas de investigación con la diplomacia pública de los militares.
La intervención rusa en el conflicto sirio. Análisis crítico del discurso a través de la Agencia Árabe Siria de noticias
Authors: Alamo Herrera Belén
Published: November 2023

El presente estudio examina la justificación de la intervención militar rusa en Siria en la prensa progubernamental del régimen de Bashar al-Assad. A través del análisis crítico del discurso, el estudio analiza cómo la Agencia Árabe Siria de Noticias construyó un relato mediante estrategias discursivas ejerciendo el poder del discurso con el apoyo de construcciones lingüísticas y la programación de esquemas mentales en la cobertura de noticias durante la intervención entre septiembre de 2015 y febrero de 2016. El análisis de las noticias sugiere que el discurso está vinculado a la manipulación como técnica discursiva y como táctica de guerra en un marco multidisciplinario enmarcado por un triple enfoque: social, cognitivo y discursivo. La temática principal que se encuentra en la cobertura de la intervención rusa son el terrorismo, la alianza entre actores internacionales y la deslegitimación de las potencias occidentales y regionales. Los resultados muestran que las noticias de SANA son producto de los diferentes procesos elaborados por las élites de poder deformando la realidad con el fin de manipular a los lectores reforzando la idea de que la intervención rusa es conveniente, oportuna y necesaria.
“Tooth fairy" educational strategy for infants in the fifth year of life
Authors: Montano-Silva Rosa María , Fernández-Breffe Thalía , Abraham-Millán Yoneisy , Céspedes-Proenza Iraida , Pantoja-García Eridania
Published: November 2023

Introduction: caries in early childhood is one of the most frequent diseases and can influence the development of the infant. Childhood is a stage characterized by intense learning processes and fundamental in the formation of habits and behaviors in the process of education and human development. It depends on the joint action of teachers, health personnel and legal guardians that infants have access and opportunity to transform health information into knowledge, attitudes and adequate practices that allow them to take care of and protect their health. Objective: to implement the educational strategy "The Tooth Fairy" in infants in the fifth year of life. Methods: a quasi-experimental before-and-after study with a control group was carried out. The sample consisted of 34 infants in the fifth year of life in the Juan Delio Chacón neighborhood, obtained by simple random sampling. Results: before the intervention, a poor level of knowledge about oral health predominated in the infants, representing 70,6 % of the experimental group, as well as in the legal guardians and educators for 56,7 %, raising it to good after the intervention in 88,2 % and 86,66 % respectively.Conclusions: the implementation of the strategy in the educational context, involving families, educators and community proved to be effective since it modified lifestyles and lifestyles, also increasing the level of knowledge about oral health of infants, educators and legal guardians
Telaah Deskriptif Pembelajaran Peserta Didik pada Program Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Liyalisvita Delli
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan situasi peserta didik dalam program  Merdeka  Belajar  Jika  dihubungkan  dengan  Program  Merdeka  Belajar  gagasan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, ini merupakan pilihan bebas yang dapat  diberikan  kepada  peserta didik agar  sesuai  dengan  minat  dan  karakter  mereka. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan telaah kepustakaan. Telaah kepustakaan dimaksudkan untuk memahami beragam literatur yang terkait dengan program dan penerapan merdeka belajar di sekolah. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa esensi dari Program Merdeka Belajar bermaksud untuk memberikan keleluasan bagi peserta didik untuk memilih pelajaran sesuai minat mereka. Program Merdeka Belajar dalam makna keleluasaan, bisa dimengerti bahwa dalam satu lingkungan belajar ada dua peserta didik, yang satu anak tertarik dengan sastra dan seni, sedangkan peserta didik yang lainnya tertarik dengan teknologi dan komputer. Orang tua dan guru tentu tidak bisa memaksakan anak kita yang menyukai seni untuk belajar secara mendalam. Sebaliknya, setiap anak pada dasarnya punya rasa ingin tahu, punya keinginan untuk belajar.
Upaya Mengatasi Rendahnya Minat Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas VII Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn di SMP Negeri 2 Silau Laut
Authors: Daulay Melisa
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam upaya untuk mengatasi rendahnya minat belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn). Lokus penelitian ada di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 2 Silau Laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan USG (Urgency, Seriousness, dan Growth). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan memetakan masalah yang didasarkan pada data di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa adanya kegiatan kreatif dengan pertama, membuat video pembelajaran yang menarik. Hal ini menjadi komitmen mutu dengan indikator memberikan pelayanan yang kreatif dan inovatif. Kedua, melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran picture and   picture. Ketiga, ice breaking “Tepuk Pancasila”. Kegiatan ice breaking membangun suasana belajar yang dinamis penuh semangat dan antusias serta menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan, serius tapi santai.  Keempat, melaksanakan evaluasi pembelajaran dengan TTS “Eclipse Crossword”. Evaluasi pembelajaran dapat diihat sejauh mana ketercapaian siswa dalam proses kegiatan mengajar melalui hasil belajar siswa. Kelima, membuat reward “Crown”.
Vitamin A deficiency retinopathy related to medical interventions in a Swiss cohort: a case series
Authors: Gunzinger Jeanne M. , Muth Daniel R. , Hanson James V. M. , Al-Sheikh Mayss , Fasler Katrin , Barthelmes Daniel , Zweifel Sandrine A.
Published: November 2023

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Vitamin A deficiency retinopathy is a potentially blinding disease. In developed countries, vitamin A deficiency due to malnutrition is rare. However, vitamin A deficiency can be caused by malabsorption resulting from bowel resection or medication. In this retrospective study, we present five cases of vitamin A deficiency retinopathy related to malabsorption secondary to medical interventions.

METHODS: Electronic charts over a ten-year period (2012–2022) were screened for vitamin A deficiency retinopathy. Only patients with vitamin A deficiency confirmed by laboratory tests were included. Symptoms, medical history, visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, electrophysiological examination, and vitamin A levels were reviewed.

RESULTS: Five eligible cases were identified. Median age was 44.7 years (range 22.2–88.9), median duration of ocular symptoms prior to diagnosis was 14 months, and median visual acuity was 1.0 (range 0.5–1.0, Snellen, decimal). Three patients had a history of bariatric surgery, one patient had a small bowel resection and was on octreotide treatment, and one patient suffered from cystic fibrosis and had a history of small bowel resection and severe hepatopathy. Optical coherence tomography showed various abnormalities, including a reduced interdigitation zone, subretinal drusenoid deposits, and a thinned outer nuclear layer. Electroretinogram findings ranged from abnormal oscillatory potentials to non-recordable rod responses.

CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin A deficiency retinopathy can occur following medical interventions associated with malabsorption. In cases of night blindness, vitamin A levels should be measured.
Locating Failure, Interrogating Method
Authors: Kenzie Daniel
Published: November 2023

Though persistent failure of clinical trials poses a challenge for multiple conditions, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is especially difficult to study because of its heterogeneity, complexity, unpredictable outcomes, and resistance to definition and classification. This article analyzes published discourse among researchers about the failure of two large trials for progesterone as a traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment. The analysis specifically examines how researchers respond to trial failure and how TBI functions as a diagnostic construct. I draw on theories of kairos and multiple ontologies to argue that, while evidence-based medicine constructs TBI as a coherent entity in order to study it through randomized controlled trials, this entity breaks down in practice into multiple temporalities and spaces that are not sufficiently coordinated.
Dilemmas of Sustainability. On Relevance and Critical Reflection in Sustainability Research
Authors: Henkel Anna , Berg Sophie , Mader D. Isabell , Müller Ann-Kristin , Bergmann Matthias , Gruber Holli , Siebenhüner Bernd , Speck Karsten
Published: November 2023

The concept of sustainability is increasingly losing its contours. This study reflects on the understanding of sustainability used in research and science. Its authors thus enable us to concisely determine not only concrete contributions to sustainability, but also its limits. Based on an analytical understanding of sustainability and the basic structure of practical dilemmas, the book identifies typical conflicts as causes of dilemmas. Meta-criteria of sustainability allow us to identify dilemmas and to clarify and deal with them practically at an early stage. Finally, the study applies these meta-criteria in concrete project contexts by means of guiding questions for reflection.
Companion animals as models for human mammary cancer research
Authors: Cruz Pamela
Published: November 2023

In both humans and companion animals, cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Given the increasing incidence in humans and dogs, there is an urgent need to find or improve strategies for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Hence, the importance of having very similar study models. Both canine and feline models have advantages over their murine counterparts in the study of breast cancer and cancer in general. Among other things, at the molecular and genetic levels, in terms of risk factors, spontaneous disease onset and tumour heterogeneity, domestic animals share greater similarities with the human species than the murine model. In addition, they share environmental and socioeconomic factors. Another advantage is their similar response to chemotherapy treatment, and rapid imaging results can be obtained with the same screening techniques used in humans. Finally, this chapter discusses the main features that make the canine and feline model the main source for the study of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Categorization and Normalization of the (In)Formal Settlements in the Contested Greenbelts of the Greater Durban Area (South Africa)
Authors: S. Nhlabathi Sibonakaliso
Published: November 2023

The South African housing and human settlements policy prescribes and categorizes housing standards for urban areas. Thus, the EThekwini (Durban) metropolitan municipality provides housing to its residents, in terms of the mandate and guidelines of the housing and human settlements policy. But, owing to rapid urbanization, the municipality has not been able to keep abreast of the housing demands. Hence, the (in)formal housing movements and activists have mobilized access to housing of their standards, in the highly contested green belts in the Greater Durban area. This pressure of (in)formal housing has resulted in the municipality relaxing the standards and categories of suitable housing. So, (in)formal settlements have mushroomed in Durban. Hence, this paper explored the processes of categorization and normalization of the (in)formal settlements in the contested greenbelts of the Greater Durban area. The results established that the development of (in)formal settlement in the Ethekwini municipality represented a nexus of actors with highly conflicting interests. Therefore, dealing with the (in)formal settlements in the Ethekwini municipality requires genuine, innovative, and ingenious leadership.
Perspective Chapter: Mitigation of Power System Harmonics with the Incorporation of Active Filter for a Radial Distribution System
Authors: Ramrao Nagaraj , Hemanth Kumar Busireddy , Sandhya Ponguleti , Seshu Kumar Rangu , Singh Arvind
Published: November 2023

Harmonics in power systems can cause various problems, including equipment damage, power quality degradation, and increased losses. Active filters have been proven to be an effective solution for mitigating harmonics in power systems. In this research work, the effectiveness of active filters in reducing harmonics is evaluated in MATLAB environment by implementing sparrow search optimization technique. To carry out the simulation results a standard IEEE 13 bus test system and unbalanced power system is considered to meet the IEEE 519 standards. The obtained simulation results demonstrate the significant reduction of harmonics with incorporation of active filters. The obtained simulation results show that hybrid active filter provides the best harmonic mitigation performance. The analysis shows that the use of active filters is economically feasible for reducing harmonics in power systems. Finally, this book chapter provides valuable insights into the application of active filters for power system harmonics mitigation and can help power system engineers and operators to improve the quality and reliability of their systems by implementing Sparrow search optimization technique.
Determination of Injuries on the Bone: A Nigerian Study
Authors: Ebele Chris-Ozoko Lilian , Jennifer Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Efe
Published: November 2023

Background: Determining injuries in relation to death have been highly imperative to forensic anthropologist since they provide clues on the norms, cultures and pattern of death of an individual. Aim: The study aimed at determining injuries among skeletal elements in the Anatomy Musuem of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. Methodology: The study was crosssectional and a total of 150 bones which included the skulls, calvarium and pelvis were examined for the presence of ante, peri and postmortem injuries. Other injuries such as blunt force, sharp force and ballistic injuries were also studied. Chisquare test was used to evaluate an association between the bones and the time of injuries. Statistical assessment was done using SPSS 21 Software Version. Significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Result: The study showed that postmortem injuries was the most predominant (98%) among the bones. This was followed by perimortem and antemortem injuries (11.3, 10%). The percentages of blunt force, ballistic and sharp force were 98, 1.3 and 0.7% respectively. Further findings showed that there was no association between the bones and the nature of injuries that were observed (p = 0.837; 0.713). Conclusion: The study had shown that there are so many hidden facts from skeletal remains which can be of vital importance to forensic science.
Use and management of herbicides in agricultural crops in the central area of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Navarrete-Rodríguez Gabycarmen , del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez María , Lango-Reynoso Fabiola , Gil-Díaz David
Published: November 2023

Herbicides, like in many other regions, are a critical aspect of modern agriculture. They are essential tools for weed control, which is very important for crop health and yield optimization. However, their use must be carefully managed to minimize environmental impact and ensure the safety of both farmers and consumers. The primary aim of this study was to assess the utilization of herbicides in the agricultural regions of the central Gulf of Mexico. The research employed a survey-based methodology, utilizing a structured questionnaire as the primary tool for gathering insights into the application and management of herbicides within the region. The surveyed producers displayed an average age of 61 years, and their educational background averaged 4.4 years of schooling. The research uncovered the utilization of 14 different active ingredients spanning 18 commercial brands, all readily available in the municipalities within the study area. One prominent observation emerging from this analysis is the notable absence of technical training among the producers in herbicide use and management. Their approach to pesticide application, particularly herbicides, relies heavily on empirical knowledge. This analysis highlights the need for improved technical training and the promotion of best practices in herbicide management within this agricultural community.
Hydrogen Onboard Storage Technologies for Vehicles
Authors: Flekiewicz Marek , Kubica Grzegorz
Published: November 2023

Over the past few years, significant progress has been made in hydrogen-powered vehicles. Most of the development work focused on the powertrain and its integration into the vehicle. Currently, one of the key technologies that determines the development of the automotive industry are on-board hydrogen storage systems. Without efficient storage systems, the using of hydrogen to drive motor vehicles will be difficult to achieve. The physical storage density limits of compressed and liquid hydrogen have been more or less reached, whilst there is still potential in the development of various hydrogen storage materials. This chapter presents methods and problems related to hydrogen storage. Some of discussed technologies are immature, however this does not rule out for them future use therefore, their opportunities and foreseen potential were also presented.
Traditional Leadership, Indigenous Knowledge, and Local Governance: Implications for Good Governance and Sustainable Development Agenda
Authors: R. Olaopa Olawale , Ogundare Saheed
Published: November 2023

The traditional leadership institution had far-reaching and overall commitment to protect the local people within and outside their jurisdiction. It controls the allocation of community land held in their custody and trust; preserves law and order; collects taxes; provides social services; promotes education; adjudicates and makes pronouncement on conflicts through utilization of native intelligence defined by local/indigenous knowledge (IK). This guarantees effective local administration and control are facilitated by faithful adherence to the dictates of traditions, socio-cultural values, and norms entrenched in traditional institutions. Unfortunately, these traditional institution and leadership were neglected by colonialism. This chapter, using qualitative historical data and thematic analysis coupled with twin theories of dependency and cultural revivalism, tries to explore, and determine whether the institution of traditional leadership has any relevance in the modern governmental system and sustainable development in Africa. It found and concluded that fundamental to good governance and sustainable development agenda is the acknowledgement of the traditional institution, IK, and leadership as the custodian of society’s values and norms, the neglect of which good governance and sustainable development will be a dream. The work is significant in its contribution to research on traditional leadership, IK, and their impacts on development.
Head and neck lymphadenopathy in oral cancer
Authors: Tandon Ankita , Sandhya Kumari , Nath Singh Narendra
Published: November 2023

Ranging from localised to generalised, infectious to neoplastic, autoimmune, or miscellaneous aetiology; lymphadenopathies have a wide array of clinical presentations. Assessment of the true pathobiology of lymphadenopathies is a challenging process specially cases with lymphadenopathy due to malignancies in the head and neck region. A multitude of masking signs and symptoms make it even more complicated. However, a correct diagnostic workflow facilitates easy evaluation of such lymphadenopathies. Although, the correct clinical examination may help to achieve correct diagnosis in some lymphadenopathy cases, some suspicious and unexplained lymphadenopathies warrant further investigations. This chapter clearly focuses on the clinical, diagnostic, and histopathologic spectrum of head and neck lymphadenopathies arising in oral cancer and stressing upon the pathways of lymphatic spread of malignancy along with a multitude of lymph node characteristics which play a key role in diagnosis.
A Review of COVID-19 Vaccines, Immunogenicity, Safety, and Efficacy Toward Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy, Inequity, and Future Epidemic Preparedness
Authors: Puth Sao , Loeurng Vandara
Published: November 2023

This chapter provides an update on COVID-19 vaccines, emphasizing their immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, and potential impact on vaccine hesitancy, inequity, and future epidemic preparedness. Various vaccine types, such as mRNA-based, DNA-based, viral vector, inactivated, and protein subunit vaccines, are explored, evaluating their mechanisms and advantages in eliciting robust immune responses. Safety is thoroughly assessed using clinical trials and real-world data to address hesitancy concerns. Strategies for equitable distribution are discussed to achieve widespread coverage and overcome barriers. Lessons drawn from the pandemic serve as a roadmap for proactive measures aimed at bolstering epidemic preparedness, highlighting the critical role of global cooperation and equitable vaccine distribution in safeguarding public health worldwide.
Perspective Chapter: Online Sex Trafficking of Minors – Exploring Effective Interventions and Prevention
Authors: Spowart Sara
Published: November 2023

Sex trafficking of minors has been increasing in many countries worldwide and for those victims that survive, they are left with significant trauma and mental health concerns due to the abuse they have lived through. Trafficking inordinately impacts vulnerable populations worldwide, with an estimated 80% of trafficking victims being women. The commercial sexual exploitation of minors creates almost irreparable negative outcomes for victims. One of the best prevention tools is the ability to identity child risk factors before any degree of sex trafficking even occurs. Education on sexual abuse awareness and the potential approaches abusers take, while addressing low self-esteem, unmet needs and psychosocial support, are significant considerations in a prevention intervention. This chapter reveals that identifying children who are at risk for online commercial sexual exploitation is critical for preventing its occurrence. Interventions such as screenings through the school system, self-esteem and self-compassion promotion, animal-assisted interventions, physical exercise programs to improve self-esteem, and psychoeducation programs for minors and parents are some suggestions that may have a strong prevention impact. Taking a multi-pronged, holistic approach while addressing the most significant elements is likely most impactful for prevention.
Growth and Interfacial Emergent Properties of Complex Oxide Thin Film Heterostructures
Authors: Mandal Snehal
Published: November 2023

Non-trivial/chiral spin textures like skyrmions originate from inversion symmetry breaking. Moreover, inversion symmetry breaking combined with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can lead to a large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Electrically, these phenomena can be detected through what is called the topological Hall effect (THE). In artificially layered complex oxide thin film heterostructures composed of ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic layers, this THE appears as an emergent property at the interfaces because it is not intrinsic to the bulk layer of such oxides. Thus these heterostructures provide a playground for the competition among DMI, exchange interaction, and magnetic anisotropy to produce novel non-coplanar spin textures and THE in a designable way due to inversion symmetry breaking at the interfaces. With the advancement in modern fabrication techniques, these properties can be tuned at will by engineering the interfaces of the heterostructures, especially due to crystal structure compatibility of these materials. In this chapter, growth, detection and manipulation of interfacial emergent phenomena in complex oxide heterostructures will be discussed.
Monitoring Organic Synthesis via Density Functional Theory
Authors: Nordin Nurdiana
Published: November 2023

A preliminary molecular structure for a system, which may or may not be known, is the first step in a typical investigation using ab initio techniques. A stable system is generated by a geometry search using an energy minimization method (usually a local minimum or transition state). Subsequently, it is easy to obtain any energetic properties (such as atomization energies, formation temperatures, binding energies) or expectation values or quantifiable quantities from the wave function of the molecular system and its fragments. The stability of such a system can be determined by considering the second derivative of the energy with respect to the spatial coordinates (also known as the Hessian matrix). It could be a goal to find out how the system interacts with other systems and eventually to decipher the synthesis pathways. Therefore, this chapter presents a recent application of approaches based on density functional theory (DFT) to study chemical processes at the catalytic sites of enzymes. The focus is on the interaction of small organic molecules with the ability to inhibit a catalytic cysteine of the malaria parasite, in the area of drug design.
Functional Role of MicroRNAs in Embryogenesis
Authors: Babar Khawar Muhammad , Rasheed Huma , Afzal Ali , Hassan Abbasi Muddasir , Sheikh Nadeem
Published: November 2023

This book chapter will provide an overview of the functional role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in embryogenesis. A brief introduction to embryogenesis and emphasis on the importance of miRNAs in gene regulation will be provided. The biogenesis and mechanism of action of miRNAs will be discussed in detail with a focus on the importance of miRNA-mRNA interaction in gene regulation. The chapter will then delve into the role of miRNAs in early embryonic development, including their importance in the establishment of the three germ layers, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during embryogenesis. The role of miRNAs in organogenesis and tissue differentiation, specifically the formation of specific organs such as the heart, lung, liver, and brain, will also be discussed. The chapter will conclude by examining the dysregulation of miRNAs in embryonic development and disease, including teratogenicity, developmental disorders, and developmental cancer. The chapter will summarize the functional roles of miRNAs in embryogenesis and will offer future perspectives and potential therapeutic applications of miRNAs in embryonic development and disease.
The Use of Static Magnetic Field on Irrigation Water and Its Effect on Mineral and Nutrient Content in Solanum lycopersicum L.
Authors: Esther Ferrer Dubois Albys , Fung Boix Yilan , Martínez Manrique Clara , Gómez Luna Liliana , Isaac Aleman Elizabeth , Hendrix Sophie , Beenaerts Natalie , Cuypers Ann
Published: November 2023

Solanum lycopersicum L. is a nutraceutical plant. Tomato yield and morphological features have been improved by irrigation with water treated with static magnetic field (SMF). The effect of magnetically treated water with SMF (20–200 mT) on mineral and nutritional contents in Solanum lycopersicum L. was investigated. Bromatological analyses and minerals contents were determined in tomato fruits harvested after the application of two irrigation protocols (water treated with SMF between 20 and 200 mT and water without SMF treatment as control). Fruits were selected for analysis according to a completely randomized design. Although no significant differences were observed between both groups with regard to bromatological analyses (moisture, total ash, total solids, proteins), an increasing trend was determined for these components in fruits of plants irrigated with SMF-treated water. An increase was detected for potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and cupper (Cu) concentrations in these conditions as compared to fruits of control plants. The SMF treatment of irrigation water improves the nutrient uptake and the water use efficiency in tomato. The nutraceutical value of these fruits was increase and can be considered as an important strategy for future crop production to improve food quality.
New Advances in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Hami Karima
Published: November 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an indispensable second-line tool, next to CT (computed tomography), in the evaluation and follow-up of congenital heart disease in adults and children, as a complement to echocardiography, without the inconvenience of X-rays. This imaging requires a long examination time and good cooperation from the patient to achieve good apnea, or the use of general anesthesia in children under 8 years of age. In this chapter, we summarize the recent advances in CMR sequences, notably the four-dimensional (4D) flow, in software and hardware technologies that allow a wider use, thanks to the simplification of the examination protocols and the decrease of the acquisition time.