bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of statin therapy with reduced intracranial aneurysm recurrence after endovascular coiling: a post hoc propensity score–matched analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Patra Devi P. , Abi-Aad Karl R. , Turcotte Evelyn L. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Veznedaroglu Erol , Batjer H. Hunt , Bendok Bernard R.
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

Endovascular intracranial aneurysm (IA) management has significantly evolved over the last 2 decades. Despite these advancements, the aneurysm recanalization rate after coil embolization remains a concern. Statins have been found to affect vascular repair and remodeling; therefore, the authors hypothesized that patients receiving statin therapy at the time of coil embolization would have lower aneurysm recurrence and retreatment rates compared with patients not receiving statin therapy.

METHODS

A post hoc analysis was conducted of the primary data from patients enrolled in the Hydrogel Endovascular Aneurysm Treatment Trial focusing on the impact of statin use on the recurrence rates of 3- to 14-mm IAs after endovascular coiling. The primary outcome measured included aneurysm recurrence over 18–24 months using the Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification. Secondary outcomes included major and minor recurrence rates and retreatment rates. Propensity score matching based on patient and aneurysm characteristics was performed to mitigate selection bias.

RESULTS

A total of 577 patients with data on statin use were eligible for this analysis. Of these, 178 (30.8%) patients were using statins and 399 (69.2%) were not. After propensity score matching, 156 (39.2%) patients were included in the statin group and 242 (60.8%) in the nonstatin group. The recurrence rate was 3.8% (6/156) in the statin group and 10.7% (26/242) in the nonstatin group (p = 0.013). In a subgroup analysis, statin use significantly reduced recurrence in patients with unruptured aneurysms (1.6% vs 9.7%, p = 0.005), but not in those with ruptured aneurysms (12.5% vs 13.6%, p = 0.876).

CONCLUSIONS

Statin use was associated with a reduced rate of aneurysm recurrence in patients who underwent endovascular coiling for IAs with a decreased rate of retreatment during the follow-up period. Statins are a relatively low-risk treatment and may be an effective therapy to reduce recanalization of IAs, although further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Presentation, management, and outcome of traumatic spine injuries in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Darko Kwadwo , Shukla Ishav , Hassan Taimur , Mirahmadi Eraghi Mohammad , Haider Muhammad Ammar , Guirguis Mina , Farid Michael , Odiase Peace , Barrie Umaru , Aoun Salah G. , Banson Mabel , Totimeh Teddy
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) involves diverse etiologies, posing different risks among patient populations worldwide. Discrepancies in TSI treatment and outcomes between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries highlight the critical necessity for tailored management approaches for this global challenge. This study delves into the presentation, management, and outcomes of TSI in Africa.

METHODS

A systematic review of the literature using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science electronic databases was completed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify articles describing spine trauma in Africa.

RESULTS

In total, 105 articles comprising 74 retrospective/prospective studies and 31 case reports/series with 11,639 patients from 16 African countries were included. Among retrospective/prospective studies, most patients were male (8543/10,538 [81.1%]) with an estimated mean (95% CI) age of 34.5 (32.6–36.3) years. Mechanism of injury included road traffic accidents (RTAs) (mean [95% CI] 49.5% [42.9%–56.0%]) followed by falls (23.2% [18.21%–28.3%]), with most injuries occurring at the cervical spine level (51.6% [44.3%–58.9%]). Regionally, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar injuries were predominant in West (mean [95% CI] 58.6% [45.3%–70.9%]), Southern (54.4% [44.3%–63.9%]), and East (23.0% [11.9%–34.8%]) Africa, respectively. Mean (95% CI) time from injury to presentation was 60.8 (23.0–98.6) hours, and the mean distance to a healthcare facility was 272.6 (220.8–324.4) km (5 articles). Of the 48 articles detailing management approaches, approximately 31.9% (95% CI 21.7%–42.2%) opted for surgery, whereas 64.1% (53.7%–74.4%) pursued conservative treatment. Overall, clinical improvement was reported in 34.1% (95% CI 26.6%–41.6%) (44 articles) of patients at last follow-up, with an estimated mortality rate of 12.1% (9.3%–15.0%) (55 articles). Regionally, clinical improvement in patients was highest in Southern Africa (39.1% [95% CI] 23.2%–55.0%), whereas West Africa had the highest mortality rate (16.9% [10.7%–23.1%]).

CONCLUSIONS

The authors’ review reveals that TSI in Africa is primarily caused by RTA. Significant challenges exist such as delays in access to care and surgical capacity. Regional differences in injury mechanisms, management, and outcomes exist and addressing these disparities through targeted interventions is pivotal to enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the burden of TSI in Africa.
The extreme lateral transodontoid approach for large tumors in children in the ventral craniocervical junction
Authors: Laxpati Nealen , Ramaswamy Uma , Lin Frank , Whitehead William E. , Weiner Howard L. , Bauer David F. , Aldave Guillermo
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

Tumors in the ventral craniocervical junction (CCJ) pose unique challenges, particularly in children. The potential constraints with endoscopic approaches to tumors extending inferiorly and laterally and the risk of CSF leakage can be exacerbated in the pediatric population. Here, the authors present their experience with the extreme lateral transodontoid (ELTO) approach in children with large ventral CCJ tumors as an alternative or complement to anterior approaches.

METHODS

This is a retrospective, single-center study of patients who underwent the ELTO approach from January 2021 to January 2024. Patients with at least 3 months of postoperative follow-up and postoperative MR images were included. Primary outcomes included extent of resection, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and neurological outcome.

RESULTS

Six children underwent 8 ELTO approaches (2 children underwent bilateral ELTO). The median age was 8 years (range 3–17 years), with a mean follow-up of 15.8 months. Diagnoses included classic chordoma (n = 3), poorly differentiated chordoma (n = 2), and high-grade undifferentiated sarcoma (n = 1). Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in all cases. One patient developed thrombosis of the third segment of the vertebral artery without symptoms or signs of ischemia. One patient with hydrocephalus and significant dysphagia due to bilateral cranial nerve XII palsy at diagnosis and worsening left vocal cord paralysis after the resection required ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement as well as a tracheostomy and gastrostomy after tumor resection. One patient required revision of the occipitocervical fixation due to new onset of dysphagia 4 months after tumor resection, without additional consequences.

CONCLUSIONS

The ELTO approach is safe and feasible in children with large tumors of the ventral craniocervical junction. GTR was achieved in all the patients, and there were no significant complications or new neurological deficits due to the approach.
On the Average Field Intensity and Individual Modes of a Low Frequency Sound Signal in a Shallow Waveguide with a Statistically Irregular Bottom Boundary
Authors: Gulin O. E. , Yaroshchuk I. O. , Korotchenko R. A.
Published: December 2024

For a low-frequency sound signal propagating in a horizontally inhomogeneous waveguide of a shallow sea, the influence of a fluctuating interface between the water layer and liquid bottom sediments was studied based on statistical modeling within the framework of the cross-sectional method. The modeling was carried out for hydrological conditions, in many situations corresponding to the shallow shelf zones of the Russian Arctic seas. A feature of these water areas is the presence of an almost homogeneous water layer lying on weakly consolidated bottom sediments with various characteristics, including a high degree of gas saturation. The dependence of the average intensity of the sound signal and its individual modes on the parameters of the problem has been studied: the characteristic scale of fluctuations of the interface and the impedance of this interface, which determines its transmitting properties. It is shown that the influence of bathymetry fluctuations on the average intensity of acoustic modes has its own characteristics in comparison with the influence of random volumetric inhomogeneities of sound speed in the water layer and sediments, established earlier. Thus, bottom roughness of a relatively small-scale lead, on average, to increased attenuation of a sound signal when propagating in a waveguide, and this can occur at relatively short distances from the source. An increase in the reflectivity of an irregular bottom boundary weakens the effect of increased sound attenuation so that for typical values of sound speed in the bottom, the attenuation at distances of 10–20 km from the source differs little from that for an undisturbed horizontal boundary.
Academician E.M. Sergeev as the leader of regional engineering geology (to the 110-th anniversary of birthday)
Authors: Osipov V. I. , Gerasimova A. S. , Shaumyan L. V. , Eremina O. N. , Rumyantseva N. A.
Published: December 2024

The paper is prepared to commemorate the 110th anniversary of birthday of academician Evgenii Mikhailovich Sergeev, and it shows his contribution to the development of one of the main branches of the modern engineering geology, i. e., regional engineering geological investigations. The brief review of the works in regional engineering geology is given that were performed by the staff of the department of soil and rock engineering and engineering geology at the Lomonosov Moscow State University under the leadership by E.M. Sergeev during 30 years (1950–1980).
The reasons for the inheritance of the composition and properties of red-colored soils of the modern weathering crust within the western part of the Sichuan Basin of China
Authors: Peng Yizhou , Grigorieva I. Y.
Published: December 2024

In this work, we conducted an experimental evaluation and analysis of the characteristics and makeup of red-colored rocks from four representative Cretaceous and Jurassic sedimentary sequences in the western Sichuan Basin of China, as well as their weathering products. To determine the direction of weathering processes and the cause-and-effect link between the characteristics and composition of the parent rocks and the excess chemical components in the weathered soils, the chemical index of alteration was calculated. The findings demonstrated that, with regard to features like color, density of solid component, organic carbon content, granulometric composition, pH, mineral composition, and content of main chemical elements, all samples of weathered (dispersed) soils are quite comparable to the parent rocks. All samples of weathered soils and parent rocks exhibit similar chemical weathering characteristics and an index, according to the results of the CIAcorr calculation and the examination of the A–CN–K triangle diagrams. Furthermore, all of them have attained a moderate level of chemical weathering, with samples from Jurassic rocks (J3p, J3s, and J2s) having far lower weathering intensities than those from Cretaceous rocks (K1c). The red-colored rocks are characterized by weak chemical weathering and rapid development of physical weathering. This weathering characteristic can be attributed to the parent rock’s uniform texture and mostly clayey composition, which break down readily in environments with high humidity and plenty of heat. The low level of chemical weathering is due to the fact that the parent rock itself has undergone a significant change in chemical composition during sedimentation and subsequent diagenesis, and has acquired a high degree of resistance to subsequent transformation under modern conditions. Therefore, the characteristics and makeup of purple soil are mostly determined by the parent rock.
Embryogenesis defects in women living in oil production areas
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, TETELYUTINA F. K. , IVANOVA M. K. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, BAKSHAEVA A. N. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, KUZNETSOVA E. P. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, MIKHAILOVA E. V. ,   First Republican Clinical Hospital
Published: December 2024

In the Russian Federation, despite the efforts made, the level of female infertility has remained high over the past decades, aggravating a decrease in the birth rate. Among the many causes of infertility, the environmental factor remains insufficiently studied, in particular, the influence of oil production factors on early embryogenesis in women living in oil production areas.

The purpose — to assess the features of embryo development during the first five days in women living in an oil production area.

Material and methods. We analyzed 186 embryological protocols of women who received infertility treatment using ART methods at the IVF and Reproduction Center of the First Republican Clinical Hospital of Udmurt Republic from 2014 to 2023. The main group (n = 129) consisted of women living in the oil production area, the comparison group (n = 57) consisted of women living in the area without oil production. The groups were comparable in the proportion of mature oocytes, fertilization, cleavage, compaction, and blastulation.

Results. Female infertility of tubal origin dominated in both groups. Infertile women living in the oil production area more often had no oocytes. When assessing the quality of embryos on the fifth day of development, it was found that the proportion of low-quality embryos women in the main group was 1.8 times higher than in the comparison group. The frequency of pregnancy and childbirth in both groups did not have a statistically significant difference.

Conclusions. The analysis proved the negative impact of oil production processes on the early stages of embryogenesis.
Artificial intelligence in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, KURSHINA M. V. , MAZUR L. I. ,   Samara State Medical University, ZHIRNOV V. A. ,   Samara State Medical University
Published: December 2024

Over the past decade, research on the use of digital technologies in medical rehabilitation has increased. The review systematizes current data on the implementation of artificial intelligence in pediatric rehabilitation. The article presents current information on the use of virtual reality, immersive learning programs, video games, and robots in the rehabilitation process for children with disabilities. It is concluded that artificial intelligence makes it possible to develop and apply new methods that significantly improve the efficiency of the rehabilitation process, and helps doctors and specialists adapt rehabilitation programs for each patient individually.
Satisfaction with therapeutic education as an important component in managing diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy, KOMPANIETS O. V. , BOLOTOVA N. V. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy, FILINA N. YU. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy, MYASNIKOVA A. S. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy, POLYAKOV V. K. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy, SHAGIROV A. A. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovskiy
Published: December 2024

The purpose — to evaluate the effectiveness and satisfaction with the quality of therapeutic education for patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1.

Materials and methods. The study group (n = 30, group 1) consisted of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1 who, together with their parents, completed a full course of education at the diabetes school; comparison group (n = 15, group 2) were patients, who attended 1-2 classes or did not attend classes at the diabetes onset. Subjective assessment of the education was carried out by interviewing parents of group 1 patients using an authors’ questionnaire on the Google platform. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), frequency of hypoglycemic and ketoacidotic conditions were assessed after 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months in patients of both groups. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using variation statistics methods.

Results. 85% of respondents adequately assessed the relationship between glycemic indicators and insulin therapy at the end of the training course. Absolutely all parents are aware of the concept of “bread units” and count them correctly; they were able to correctly describe their actions in case of hypoglycemia in their children. Dynamics of HbA1c in group 1: 8.0–8.8–7.7–7.0–7.0%. In group 2 over the same period (15 months), HbA1c fluctuations amounted to 8.9–9.4%. In group 1 the number of hypoglycemia episodes was 30% less than in group 2: 1.7 episodes/person/week and 2.4 episodes/person/week, respectively (p = 0.027). Patients were able to achieve stabilization in an outpatient setting in 2 out of 4 cases of ketoacidosis using the algorithm discussed in class.

Conclusion. Patients recognize the value of therapeutic education provided and are highly satisfied with the format of the classes. Satisfaction with the quality of the classes provided contributes to achieving disease control in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1.
Effect of interval normobaric hypoxytherapy on the quality of life of adolescents with hypertension
Authors:   Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, IGNATENKO G. A. , DUBOVAYA A. V. ,   Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, NAUMENKO YU. V. ,   Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, KAMENEVA YU. V. ,   Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, TUMANOVA M. V. ,   Gorky Donetsk State Medical University
Published: December 2024

The purpose is to assess the quality of life (QоL) of adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH) and their healthy peers according to the international validated questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0).

Material and methods. QоL was assessed in 44 adolescents (21 patients in subgroup 1 and 23 in subgroup 2) with essential labile arterial hypertension before treatment and 45 healthy peers using the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire. Patients in subgroup 1 received non-drug methods of hypertension correction along with a 10-day course of interval normobaric hypoxytherapy (INGT). Adolescents from subgroup 2 received only non-drug correction of hypertension. After six months of rehabilitation, the QоL of the subjects was re-evaluated.

Results. Before rehabilitation, adolescents of both subgroups showed a statistically significant decrease in the physical, psycho-emotional and general components of QоL (p < 0.0001) in comparison with the control group. After non-drug treatment and a 10-day course of INGT, subgroup 1 showed higher statistically significant (p < 0.0001) indicators of QоL levels than in patients from subgroup 2 (only non-drug treatment, without a course of INGT).

Conclusions. Patients of the main group who received a course of INGT showed a statistically significant increase in all the studied components of QоL, which indicates the positive effect and safety of hypoxytherapy in combination with other methods of non-drug correction of hypertension.
Papulo-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome associated with parvovirus B19
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KHALIULLINA S. V. , ANOKHIN V. A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, DOLOVSKOVA D. E. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases
Published: December 2024

Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection is widespread; the seropositivity rate among the population increases with age and in people over 70 years of age it is 80–85% or more. There are several clinical variants of the course, which depend on the age, hematological and immune status of the patients. Children most often experience infectious erythema (fifth disease, «slapped cheek disease») with predominant skin lesions in the form of erythematous rashes on the cheeks and «lace-like» rash on the body and limbs. Other variants of exanthema associated with parvovirus B19 have also been described. Skin manifestations can be measles- and rubella-like in nature, the rash can be punctate, vesicular, but more often hemorrhagic. One of the variants of PVB19 infection, occurring with a hemorrhagic rash, is the so-called papular-purpuric «gloves-and-socks» syndrome (PPGSS). PPGSS is described as a self-limited acrodermatosis, manifested by painful itchy symmetrical erythema on the extremities. The skin process is usually accompanied by edema, mucous membrane lesions, lymphadenopathy (in 20%), subfebrile temperature (in more than 50%), anorexia (in 15%) and arthralgia (in 10%). Treatment of a patient with PPGSS does not involve etiotropic therapy. In most cases, a patient recover within 1–2 weeks, without consequences for health. It is necessary to take into account that a patient with PPGSS at the time of the rash, unlike a patient with infectious erythema, continues to remain contagious to others.
Urinary system infections — opportunities and prospects for treatment under antibiotic resistance
Authors:   RMACPE MOH Russia, Maltsev S. V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents modern data on urinary system infections and the role of micro- and macroorganisms in the development of diseases. The author outlines the causes and clinical signs of antibiotic resistance, as well as the role of individual pathogens that determine the nature of the course, progression and degree of kidney damage. The groups of patients who are particularly difficult for therapy are singled out. Traditionally, a combination of antibiotics has been used to treat multidrug-resistant infections. Currently, a number of new antibiotics and their combinations are being developed. It has been noted that effective drugs directed against each specific pathogen must be used to treat urinary infections. The article presents strategies implemented to combat microbial drug resistance, as well as promising agents with antimicrobial activity against uropathogens (bacteriophages, vaccines, antimicrobial peptides, dendrimers, nanomaterials and alternative medicine agents).
Dissomnic disorders in multiple sclerosis
Authors:   KSMA — branch campus of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, BELOV S. A. , KHABIROV F. A. ,   KSMA — branch campus of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, KHAIBULLIN T. I. ,   KSMA — branch campus of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, SHARAFUTDINOVA G. M. ,   KSMA — branch campus of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia
Published: December 2024

The article presents and summarizes the literature data on sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Sleep disorders are four times more common in patients with multiple sclerosis than in the general population. However, in some cases it can be difficult to determine whether fatigue is related to sleep disorders or directly to the pathogenesis of MS. Some dissomnia are significantly associated with MS: for example, the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis is higher than in the general population, and some patients with MS have symptoms similar to narcolepsy. In various foreign studies, sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis range from 25 to 74% of MS patients, with the highest prevalence observed in women. In addition, sleep disorders in MS can also exacerbate pain, contribute to the progression of depression and fatigue, can negatively affect the process of remyelination and disrupt cognitive functions, especially attention, working memory, visual memory, verbal memory and information processing speed.
An Information Geometry Approach to Analyzing Topic Evolution in Scientific Networks: From Physics to International Relations
Authors: Chumachenko Artem
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a novel methodology for analyzing the evolution of scientific topics through the lens of information geometry. Using mutual entropy-based distance metrics, the approach captures dynamic relationships between scientific concepts over time, offering insights beyond traditional keyword-based analyses. The proposed framework quantifies the influence of publications, institutions, and countries on topic dynamics using normalized velocity matrices and geometric compression measures of knowledge networks. Applying the methodology to data sets from ArXiv and JSTOR, we identify patterns in topic evolution, agent impact, and interdisciplinary influences, emphasizing the utility of entropy-based information-theoretical metrics in understanding the complex dynamics of scientific discourse. The findings highlight applications in strategic planning for academic journals, funding agencies, and research institutions, enabling data-driven decision-making to foster emerging research trends and interdisciplinary collaborations.
Atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission determination of iron and manganese in medicinal salt mixtures
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Yurchenko O.I. , Chernozhuk T.V. , Nikolenko M.V. , Baklanov O.M. , Kravchenko O.A.
Published: December 2024

Complete extraction of analytes from samples and the homogeneity of analyzed solutions were achieved using ultrasonic treatment (20 minutes). The sensitivity, precision, and accuracy of atomic absorption determination of analytes were improved by using Triton X-100 (4%) and calibration solutions based on iron and manganese acetylacetonates. It was demonstrated that sensitivity increased by 1.7 times for manganese and 1.5 times for iron. The iron and manganese content in medicinal salt mixtures was determined using both atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission methods. The results obtained by these two independent methods were compared, showing that the dispersions are homogeneous and the variation in results is minor, attributed to random error. The accuracy of the atomic absorption results was verified using the standard addition method and by varying the sample weight, confirming that systematic error is negligible. The detection limits established by the atomic absorption method were Cmin=0.009 g/mL for iron (Cmin, lit=0.015 g/mL) and Cmin=0.003 g/mL for manganese (Cmin, lit=0.004 g/mL).
Investigating the effect of reagents used in the transportation of hydrocarbons
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Gurbanov Abdulaga N. , Sardarova Ijabika Z. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: December 2024

The use of chemical reagents, such as paraffin inhibitors, viscosity regulators, anti-turbulence, and depressant additives, has recently been shown to significantly impact the rheological properties of oil flow. These additives function by forming asphaltene colloids through adsorption on aggregates, thereby reducing the energy of their interactions. This article describes the development, laboratory testing, and potential application in pipeline transport of the ANA-10 complex-action reagent, which combines the effects of an inhibitor of asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits and an oil viscosity regulator. One component of the developed reagent is a synthetic carboxylic acid ester, while another group of active components includes imides of synthetic fatty acids, used as anti-wear additives for oils. The cold rod method was used to study the ability of the developed reagents to inhibit paraffin precipitation in oil. Rheological properties were analyzed at a low shear rate of 3.75 s–1, corresponding to the starting loads at oil pumping stations, as well as across a range of shear rates and temperatures typical for oil collection, in-field, and main transportation processes. When the newly developed reagent was applied to a specific section of the oil pipeline without additional supply branches, it reduced pressure losses at the pump by an average of 7% and decreased the frequency of pipe cleaning operations by 2.5 times.
Optimization of the ratio of adjacent aggregate fractions for slag-alkali binder concrete
Authors:   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Shabanova H.N. , Logvinkov S.M. , Shumeyko V.N. , Korohodska A.N. , Sviderskіi V.A. , Lisachuk G.V. , Sakhnenko M.D. , Voloshchuk V.V. , Kudii D.A.
Published: December 2024

The results of determining the rational content of granite gravel and sand fractions for concrete products subjected to vibration pressing, aimed at achieving a high degree of compaction, are presented. The analysis of experimental data consecutively narrowed the concentration range of mixture compositions with high values of bulk density and compaction coefficients, identifying the optimal composition of charge fractions (wt.%): 37.5 – 5–10 mm granite gravel; 25 – 2–5 mm granite gravel; and 37.5 – 0–0.3 mm sand. The simplex-lattice method was used for mathematical processing of the experimental results. Based on the analysis of regression equations and "composition vs. property" diagrams, the regularities of changes in bulk density under loading and the compaction coefficient of three-fraction mixtures, depending on their composition, were established. Deviations between experimental and calculated data were 1.5–2.8% and 2.1–3.2% for bulk density under loading and compaction factor, respectively, confirming a high degree of accuracy in predicting the specified properties of three-fraction mixtures and the relevance of the obtained mathematical models.
Thermodynamics in the system "refractory clay–glass cullet–quartz sand" when predicting the phase composition of engobe coatings on ceramic bricks
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Khomenko О.
Published: December 2024

A thermodynamic analysis of the reactions involved in the formation of the phase composition of engobe coatings in the system "refractory clay–glass cullet–quartz sand" on ceramic bricks during firing has been performed. The study highlights the features of glass crystallization during prolonged exposure within the temperature range of 690–7700C, characteristic of the slow firing process in industrial ceramic brick production. Devitrite and -cristobalite are identified as the primary crystalline phases formed in the cullet, playing an active role in solid-phase reactions that shape the structure of the engobe coatings. The phase composition of the coatings depends on the maximum firing temperature and is influenced by the thermal transformation products of the raw materials (metakaolin, mullite, devitrite, -wollastonite) as well as the crystalline phases generated through chemical interactions between the engobe components. Among the significant phases formed, anorthite and -cristobalite are particularly notable for contributing to the strength and hardness of the brick's covering layer. The findings of this work provide a foundation for designing engobe compositions and selecting technological parameters to achieve coatings with superior performance characteristics.
Synthesis, spectral characteristics and molecular docking studies of N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-(2-(phenylcarbamothioyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamido)ethyl)cinnamamide as a potential analog of Salubrinal
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Pavlova V.V. , Zadorozhnii P.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Kiselev V.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Okhtina O.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Kharchenko A.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies
Published: December 2024

In this work, we synthesized N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-(2-(phenylcarbamothioyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamido)ethyl)cinnamamide, which is a new potential inhibitor of the GADD34:PP1 holoenzyme. This compound was obtained by reacting equimolar amounts of N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-isothiocyanatoethyl)cinnamamide with N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide in acetonitrile. The reaction was carried out at reflux for two minutes. The yield of the product after recrystallization from acetonitrile was 79%, and 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy reliably proved its structure. The ability of the obtained compound to inhibit the activity of the GADD34:PP1 holoenzyme was assessed using molecular docking. We selected a known GADD34:PP1 inhibitor Salubrinal as a standard. According to the results obtained, the synthesized compound can effectively interact with the active site of the target. It was shown that its molecule, like the Salubrinal molecule, formed an intermolecular hydrogen bond with the Tyr 272 amino acid. The compound we obtained was almost as good as the standard in terms of the energy value of the complex with GADD34:PP1.
Eine aktuelle Verhältnisbestimmung von Kinder- und Jugendarbeit und Jugendsozialarbeit. Perspektiven von Fachkräften und Jugendlichen auf Entgrenzungen und Angebote
Authors: Voigts Gunda
Published: December 2024

Mit Entgrenzungen der Offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit (OKJA) beschäftigt sich Gunda Voigts im dritten Beitrag. Dabei geht es ihr besonders um eine aktuelle Neubestimmung des Verhältnisses von OKJA und Jugendsozialarbeit im öffentlichen Raum. Sie bezieht sich in ihrer Darstellung auf Interviews mit Fachkräften im Praxisfeld und mit Jugendlichen. Einerseits halten Leistungen, die klassischerweise als Jugendsozialarbeit zu verstehen sind, insbesondere in Einrichtungen Offener Kinder- und Jugendarbeit Einzug. Andererseits bedient sich Jugendsozialarbeit zunehmend der Methoden der OKJA. Die Autorin erörtert mehrere Kontexte solcher Entgrenzungen und präsentiert eine Reihe von O-Tönen zu dieser Entwicklung aus dem Praxisfeld.
Editorial
Authors: Weber Monika , Freigang Werner
Published: December 2024

Editorial
Haasenburg – der Skandal bleibt
Authors: Häbel Hannelore
Published: December 2024

Kommentar
Portrait: Stefan Wedermann
Authors: Struck Norbert
Published: December 2024

Das Portrait
Auf dem Weg zu einem Kinder- und Jugendhilfeinklusionsgesetz (IKJHG)
Authors: Koch Josef
Published: December 2024

Rechtsfragen
Gesundheitskompetente Organisationen – eine explorative Analyse der Umsetzungsbedingungen in der ambulanten Pflege
Authors: Schaeffer Doris , Vogt Dominique , Haarmann Alexander , Griese Lennert
Published: December 2024

Hintergrund: Die Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) stellt eine zunehmend wichtige Aufgabe dar. Dem relationalen Verständnis von GK folgend können Gesundheitskompetente Organisationen (GkOs) dazu einen bedeutenden Beitrag leisten, indem sie den Zugang zu und die Nutzung von Gesundheitsinformationen vereinfachen. Die mittlerweile vorliegenden Konzepte und Arbeitshilfen wurden vornehmlich für das Krankenhaus entwickelt. In diesem Artikel wird gefragt, wie sich die Umsetzungsbedingungen in der ambulanten Pflege in Deutschland darstellen. Methode: Dazu wurden 10 explorative Interviews mit Expert_innen aus der ambulanten Pflege nach ihrer Perspektive auf die Konzepte GK und GkO, die aktuelle Situation der Pflege sowie die dortigen Umsetzungsbedingungen für GkOs durchgeführt und ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Interviews zeigen, dass Pflegende Information und Kommunikation als Kernaufgabe ansehen. Durch die Einbindung in den Alltag von Patient_innen und Angehörigen haben sie zudem gute Voraussetzungen für die Umsetzung von GK und GkOs. Dem entgegen steht, dass beide Konzepte bislang wenig in der ambulanten Pflege bekannt sind. Weitere hemmende Faktoren sind Zeit- und Fachkräftemangel bei gleichzeitigem Aufgabenzuwachs, ebenso mangelnde Qualifikation für die Förderung von GK und damit einhergehende Überforderung. Diskussion: In der ambulanten Pflege besteht einerseits einiges Potential für die Verbesserung von GK und die Umsetzung des GkO-Konzepts. Die gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen bedürfen dazu jedoch der Veränderung. Ebenso bedarf es einer Anpassung des Konzepts an die besonderen Bedingungen in diesem Versorgungbereich.
Unterstützung von Fachkräften in Mutter-Kind-Einrichtungen bei der Bewältigung ihrer ethischen Herausforderungen
Authors: Scholz Natascha , Tietmeyer Jan
Published: December 2024

Aus der Theorie
Editorial
Authors: Greve Eyke
Published: December 2024

Editorial zur Schwerpunktausgabe "Grundpositionen"
Unbewusste Vorurteile
Authors: Breitbart Mike , Golob Sven
Published: December 2024

Der Artikel untersucht die transaktionsanalytische Grundhaltung »Ich bin OK – du bist OK« diskriminierungskritisch. Ursprünglich von Eric Berne als Grundposition der Gleichwertigkeit entwickelt, kann diese Haltung in der Praxis zu blinden Flecken bezüglich Diskriminierung und unterdrückenden Machtstrukturen führen. Es wird argumentiert, dass eine unreflektierte Anwendung dieser Haltung reale Ungleichheiten und Vorurteile verharmlosen kann. »Ich bin OK – du bist OK« muss immer im Kontext sozialer Machtverhältnisse gesehen werden. Eine erweiterte Perspektive, die auch kollektive Dimensionen wie »Wir sind OK« und »Es ist OK« einbezieht, wird vorgeschlagen. Der Artikel fordert eine stärkere Berücksichtigung von Rassismus, Sexismus und anderen Diskriminierungsformen sowie eine kritische Reflexion und aktive Auseinandersetzung mit Macht- und Unterdrückungsdynamiken.
Von der Gnadenlosigkeit und dem Politischen des OKness-Konzepts und einigen Konsequenzen daraus
Authors: Rudolph Peter
Published: December 2024

Im Artikel werden ausgehend von einer Fallvignette philosophische, historische und politische Aspekte des OK-Konzepts reflektiert. Auf dieser Basis geht es um die Weiterentwicklung des im Kern psychotherapeutisch-dyadischen Konzepts zu einem Konzept universaler OKness. Die Entwicklung dieses Prozesses, der in vielgestaltiger Form von vielen unterschiedlichen Personen und Gruppen vorangetrieben wird, wird dargestellt und Konsequenzen und Optionen für die Weiterentwicklung der Transaktionsanalyse werden diskutiert.
Die gelebte TA-Grundhaltung als wirksamste Intervention
Authors: Hallstein Günter , Schuldt Karl-Heinz
Published: December 2024

Die Autoren fokussieren vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Lehrtätigkeiten und ihrer Praxiserfahrungen in den Feldern Beratung und Psychotherapie auf den Kern der Wirksamkeit von Interventionen: Wenn in Theorie und gelebter Praxis die »Grundhaltungen/OK-Haltungen – authentisch« integrativ verbunden werden mit einem humanistischen Menschenbild, dann ist die gelebte Grundhaltung die wirksamste Intervention. Die Autoren entfalten in Theorie- und Praxisbezug den steinigen Weg, die Hürden und die Chancen für professionelles Wachstum. Die Grundlagen transaktionsanalytischer Werte werden als entscheidender Kern der Begegnung erweitert und mit den humanistischen Wurzeln verbunden.
Mobilisierung von Werten
Authors: Kühl Stefan
Published: December 2024

Die Forschungen über Bewegungen haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten verstärkt auf politische Bewegungen eingeengt. Grund dafür ist, dass aus verschiedenen Theorierichtungen Protest als konstituierendes Merkmal von Bewegungen bestimmt wurde. In Abgrenzung zu der auf Protest eingeengten Bewegungsforschung werden in diesem Artikel Werte als Katalysator von Bewegungen begriffen. Dies ermöglicht auch Bewegungen in gesellschaftlichen Feldern – wie Religion, Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft, Sport oder Kunst – in den Blick zu nehmen und neue Forschungsperspektiven für die Bewegungsforschung zu erschließen.
Using stories for teaching primary social studies
Authors: Sim Hwee Hwang
Published: December 2024

Stories are often used by teachers to transmit knowledge, values and dispositions, deepen understanding and develop critical thinking in children. The power of stories and storytelling is highlighted in this article which focuses on why and how stories can be used for teaching primary social studies concepts and generalisations, how to choose suitable story books for children, and how to use some of them in the classroom. Three teaching approaches, namely, the shared book approach, the integrated biographical inquiry and storytelling are featured along with ideas of how these may be applied during lessons.
How does formative, written feedback help students improve their geographical writing
Authors: Zainab Banu Hassan , Toh Hui Han David
Published: December 2024

Written communication is an essential performance of understanding and critical thought for the Geography student, especially given the assessment objectives of the current national curriculum. The literature affirms that iterative pedagogies that involve formative feedback, such as drafting and process writing, can be effective for developing writing competency. This article discusses the findings of an action research project on the effectiveness of formative written feedback to help upper secondary students improve their geographical writing. The article frames formative written feedback as a constructivist pedagogical approach, and highlights that effective formative feedback should help students improve by meeting their needs for scaffolding, modeling and affirmation. More broadly, formative written feedback is a means for teachers to model for their students a reflective attitude towards learning.
Exploring Controversial Issues in the Primary Social Studies Classroom
Authors: Wang Yao Chang Melvin
Published: December 2024

In order to better prepare students to handle the complexities of the 21st century world, it is imperative that primary Social Studies educators in Singapore grow to become comfortable with the uncomfortable – carving out space for children to critically and meaningfully engage in educative controversial discussions. This article explores the merits of introducing controversy in the classroom and demonstrates how an affective instructional approach in the controversial issues literature, known as constructive conflict talk, can be used to prepare young learners to display respect, imagination and inventiveness when addressing actual conflicts in their lives.
Ziya Gökalp’in Modernleşme Düşüncesindeki Örtük Gündemi: Seçkin Kültür-Halk Kültürü İkiliği ve Sentezi Tartışması
Authors: Dalfidan Fazilet
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma Gökalp’in modernleşme düşüncesindeki örtük gündeminin seçkin kültür ile halk kültürü arasındaki toplumsal ikilik olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Amacım, Gökalp’in Osmanlı-Türk modernleşmesine ilişkin analizlerini -erken dönem Batılılaşma eleştirilerini ve alternatif modernleşme modelini- seçkin kültür-halk kültürü ikiliği temelinde tartışmaya açmaktır. Bu makalenin temel sorusu Gökalp’in Osmanlı-Türk modernleşmesi ile seçkin kültür ve halk kültürü arasındaki toplumsal ikilik arasında nasıl bir ilişki kurduğudur. Bu bağlamda, Gökalp’in Tanzimat aydınlarına yönelik eleştirileri, Gökalp’in modernleşme modelinde aydınların rolü ve Türkçülüğün esaslarından biri olan “halka doğru” ilkesinin ödevleri hars, tehzib ve medeniyet kavramları aracılığıyla analiz edilmektedir. Bu analize göre, Gökalp düşüncesindeki seçkin kültür-halk kültürü ikiliği ve sentezi, kültür-medeniyet ikiliği ve sentezinin izlerini taşımaktadır. Gökalp, halk kültürü-seçkin kültür kopukluğu olarak somutlaşan toplumsal ikiliğin, erken dönem Osmanlı-Türk modernleşmesinin sorunsallaşmasında önemli bir dinamik olduğunu ve bu kopukluğun karşılıklı olarak inşa edildiğini düşünmektedir. Gökalp’in modernleşme modeline ilişkin programı aslında seçkin kültür ile halk kültürü arasındaki kopukluğu aşma çabası ve girişimidir; böylece o, tehzib kavramı temelinde ve ‘halka doğru’ ilkesi aracılığıyla ilişkisel bir modernleşme modeli kurma idealini benimsemiştir. Gökalp, seçkin kültür-halk kültürü arasındaki sentezi Osmanlı-Türk toplumunda toplumsal dayanışma ve bütünleşmenin bir mekanizması olarak görmüştür. Gökalp, seçkin kültür-halk kültürü ikiliğinde ve sentezinde eğitimin ve aydınların rolünü ön plana çıkarmıştır.
Ziya Gökalp'in Türkçe ve Sadeleşmecilik Anlayışı
Authors: Afacaner Mustafa Eren
Published: December 2024

Türk dilinin sadeleşmesi; önce Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun modernleşme devresinin, sonra yeni kurulmuş Cumhuriyet’in en tartışmalı mevzularından biri olagelmiştir. Türk dili tartışmalarının, Türk intelijansiyasının gündemine oturması Tanzimat dönemine tekabül eder. Bu dönemi bir başlangıç olarak kabul edersek, 20. yüzyılın başında tartışmaların çok daha şiddetlendiği, fikir tohumlarının filizlendiği ve akabinde dallandığı görülür. Bu dönemin önde gelen fikir adamlarından biri olan Ziya Gökalp de bu tartışmalara katılmıştır.
Ziya Gökalp, bir dil mütehassısı olmamakla beraber, yayın hayatı boyunca Türk dilinin sadeleşmesi mevzuunu en öncelikli meselelerden biri olarak görmüş; bu hususta çok cepheli fikirler üretmiştir. Dil ve millet ilişkisi, Türkçenin mevcut konumu, Türkçenin grameri, kelime türetme yolları, ıstılahların sınıflandırılması, imla kuralları, alfabe tercihi gibi çok sayıda meseleye temas etmiştir. En kaba tasnifle tasfiyecilik, fesahatçilik ve sadeleşmecilik anlayışlarından sonuncusunu savunan ve Yeni Lisan Hareketi’nin bir mensubu olan Gökalp’in dile yönelik fikirleri sabit kalmamış seneler içinde tekâmül etmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, 1909-1924 tarihleri arasında Ziya Gökalp’in Türkçenin sadeleşmesi hususundaki konumuna odaklanılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda fikirlerinin tekâmülü, sadeleşmeci grup içindeki yeri ve kendi içindeki tutarlılığı tahlil edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Tahlilin kapsamı dahilinde Gökalp’in okuyuculara sunduğu bilgilerin sıhhati de tartışmaya açılmaktadır. Bütün bunlar için Peyman gazetesindeki yazılarından hayatının sonuna kadar olan neşriyatının yanı sıra Ali Canip, Ömer Seyfettin gibi dönemin diğer aydınlarının yayınlarına da müracaat edilmektedir.
Ziya Gökalp ve Türk Modernleşmesinde Yol Ayrımı
Authors: Şan Mustafa Kemal
Published: December 2024

Ziya Gökalp Osmanlı Devletinin son dönemecine işaret eden kritik bir dönem ile Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devletinin kuruluş aşamasında fikir ve düşünceleri ile etkili olmuş nadir düşünürlerimiz arasında en ön sırada yer almaktadır. Onun özellikle 1908 sonrası İttihat ve Terakki Partisinde ideolog düzeyinde olan etkisi ile paralel götürdüğü sosyoloji çalışmalarının belli bir hedef dahilinde kurgulandığını görmekteyiz. Gökalp’in akademik ve ideolojik yaşamına yön yeren temel motivasyon kaynağı Devletin nasıl kurtarılabileceğine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan modernleşme/çağdaşlaşma hadisesidir. O, ideolojik düzlemin daha çok Türkçü kanadında yer alarak modernleşme hadisesine yön verse de temelde dönemin diğer ideolojik kesimleri tarafından da saygı duyulan bir figür olmayı başarmış düşünür ve sosyolog kimliğine sahiptir. Bu durum, Ziya Gökalp’in mümkün olduğunca tüm toplum kesimlerinin konsensüsüne yakın bir çözüm önerisi peşinde olan bir çoğulcu modernlik anlayışından neşet etmektedir. Bu tebliğde Ziya Gökalp’in modernleşmede izlemiş olduğu yolun nasıl bir çözüme bizi ulaştırdığını bu konuda düşünürün ne derece muvaffak olabildiğine yoğunlaşılacaktır. Ziya Gökalp’in ölümünün üzerinden yüz yıl geçmesine rağmen ele aldığı konuların Türkiye’de hala gündem olması Gökalp’in fikir ve arayışlarının önemine işaret etmektedir.