bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Cholecystoduodenal Fistula with Gastric Outlet Obstruction—Bouveret's Syndrome
Authors: Vasin Dragan , Sadović Sabina , Trajković Katarina , Plojović Tarik , Marković Danilo , Micić Dušan , Mijović Ksenija , Pavlovic Aleksandar , Masulovic Dragan
Published: May 2024

The migration of gallstones from the gallbladder into the gastrointestinal tract has been recognized for over 100 years. The most common way gallstone reaches the digestive tract is through a fistula between the gallbladder and the duodenum. Large stones become impacted in the duodenum and result in gastric outlet obstruction (Bouveret's syndrome). In this report, we present a 81-years old patient with the cholecystoduodenal fistula, which was diagnosed by ultrasound and computed tomography and effectively surgically managed. Even Bouveret syndrome is rare, with a timely diagnosis followed with an appropriate treatment maybe we could decrease morbidity and mortality rates of this complication.
Repair Effect of UC‐MSCs Embedded in Hydrogel on MIN‐6 Cells Injured by STZ
Authors: Yang Jia , Liu Yang , Wang Minghui , Chen Shengqin , Miao Qingya , Liu Zhicong , Zhang Bin , Deng Guodong
Published: May 2024

To investigate the repair mechanism of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in hydrogel on pancreatic β-cells in diabetes, MIN-6 damaged by streptozotocin (STZ) in vitro was used in co-culture with UC-MSCs in hydrogel (UC-MSCs + hydrogel). It was found that UC-MSCs + hydrogel had a significant repair effect on injured MIN-6 cells, which was better than the use of UC-MSCs alone (without hydrogel). After repair, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the repaired MIN-6 cells were increased, effectively reducing the oxidative stress caused by STZ. In addition, UC-MSCs + hydrogel were able to curb the inflammatory response by promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and reducing inflammatory factor IL-1β. In addition, the expression of both nuclear antigen Ki67 for cell proliferation and insulin-related genes such as Pdx1 and MafA was increased in the repaired MIN-6 cells by UC-MSCs + hydrogel, suggesting that the repair effect promotes the proliferation of the injured MIN-6 cells. Compared with the use of UC-MSCs alone, UC-MSCs + hydrogel exhibited longer survival time of UC-MSCs, because the porous structure and hydrophilic properties of the hydrogel could affect the growth of cells and slow down their metabolic activities, resulting in a better repair effect on the injured MIN-6 cells.
Fostering Intrinsic Motivation and Mental Well-being in Today’s Systems
Authors: Qureshi Fayyaz , Khawaja Sarwar , Sokić Katarina , Pejić Bach Mirjana , Meško Maja
Published: May 2024

In the realm of digital transformation, effective leadership and motivation are pivotal for organisations navigating the complexities of today’s systems. This study explores the intersection of intrinsic motivation and mental well-being among mature students—an analogy that sheds light on strategies applicable to organisational contexts. In developed nations like the UK, mental health for mature students is increasingly recognised as a crucial component of their educational journey. Mature students, who typically enrol in higher education after an educational gap and upon turning 21, often face specific challenges that can impact their mental well-being while pursuing academic goals. The primary objective of our study was to assess the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the mental well-being of mature students. Our research revealed a significant positive correlation between these two variables. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results supported a one-factor solution for the sample data from mature students. Additionally, we found that intrinsic motivation is a significant predictor of the mental well-being of mature students. Recognising and addressing the unique difficulties individuals encounter and providing appropriate support can enhance their well-being and contribute to the overall success of the higher education community.
Development of Epidemiological Research Guidelines for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Canada
Authors: Chuluunbaatar-Lussier Enkhzaya , Boulter Travis , Munoz Carola , Vohra Sunita , Shetty Rahul , Houle Sharon , Bray Riina , Kerr Kathleen , Nacul Luis
Published: May 2024

The Interdisciplinary Canadian Collaborative ME Research Network (ICanCME), established in 2019, aims to foster research in Canada and contribute to finding the causes and possible treatments for myalgic encephalomyelitis /chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), thereby reducing the impact of ME/CFS on the health of Canadians. The main objectives of this paper are to suggest standards for ME/CFS research for the collection of data from participants (Recommended Data Elements) and to consider other factors, such as design, language, cultural issues, equity, and diversity. Consensus of the relevant contents of this research guideline was reached during the ICanCME working group meetings and were based on existing guidelines. Members of the working group contributed to guideline development based on their respective expertise. The proposed research guidelines could improve research quality and advance knowledge in the field of ME/CFS, and ultimately benefit ME/CFS patients.
Green Synthesis Photoluminescent of Carbon Dots Extracted from Black Mulberry Fruits for Photocatalytic Degradation of Pollutant
Authors: Etefa H.F. , Dejene FB
Published: May 2024

Biosynthesis of C-dots using black mulberry fruit as a precursor for C-dot synthesis is a novel approach. We successfully synthesized C-dots from the fruit extract by employing a hydrothermal autoclave. This green synthesis method offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly route for C-dot production. Our results demonstrate the efficient degradation of pollutants under visible light irradiation, indicating the strong photocatalytic activity of the C-dots. This finding has implications for environmental remediation and the elimination of harmful substances, showcasing the potential practical applications of C-dots in addressing water contamination issues. We made an effort to identify the optimum doping concentration of C-dots and found that 0.2 mol% was the sweet spot. At this concentration, the photodegradation of pollutants reached an impressive 95.8%. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to increased electron trapping due to more surface sites and different absorption wavelengths. This work contributes to the synthesis of carbon dots using black mulberry fruits as a sustainable precursor, as well as the comprehensive analysis of their optical and photocatalytic properties.
An Overview of the Arguments in Literature, For and Against the Use of Green Hydrogen for the Production of Direct Reduced Iron
Authors: Roos Göran
Published: May 2024

The global steel industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and the adoption of green hydrogen in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) production has the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and support climate targets. This review explores the environmental, economic, technological, and social implications of using green hydrogen in DRI processes. The findings suggest that green hydrogen can reduce emissions by up to 90% compared to traditional methods, enhance energy security, and stimulate local economic development. However, high initial costs, energy efficiency concerns, and social acceptance issues remain significant barriers. The review also highlights the importance of integrating carbon capture and storage technologies, addressing logistical challenges, and considering the geopolitical implications of a shift towards green hydrogen. Green hydrogen presents a promising solution for decarbonising the steel industry but continued research, investment in infrastructure, and strategic planning are essential to overcome the challenges and drive widespread adoption.
Back to the Village: Assessing the Effects of Naturalness, Landscape Types, and Landscape Elements on the Restorative Potential of Rural Landscapes
Authors: Shen Hanbin , He Xuecong , He Jing , Li Danming , Liang Mingjie , Xie Xubin
Published: May 2024

Rural landscapes are acknowledged for their potential to restore human health due to their natural characteristics. However, few studies have systematically analysed the impact of naturalness, landscape types, and combinations of landscape elements on restorativeness using both subjective and objective measurements. This study investigated the restorative effects of various rural landscapes in Guangzhou, employing electroencephalography and eye-tracking technologies to record physiological responses and using the Restorative Components Scale and the Perceived Restorativeness and Naturalness Scale to evaluate psychological responses. The results indicated the following: (1) There was a significant positive correlation between perceived naturalness and restorativeness, surpassing the impact of actual naturalness. (2) Different landscape types had a varying impact on mental health at the equal perceived naturalness. Natural forest landscapes and artificial forest landscapes exhibited the most substantial restorative effects among the natural and semi-natural landscapes examined, respectively, while settlement landscapes showed the highest restorative potential among the artificial landscapes. (3) Restorative properties varied across landscape elements, with identical elements yielding different benefits in different environments. Trees and water significantly enhanced restorativeness, whereas constructed elements such as roads and infrastructure reduced it. This study provides a scientific basis for restorative rural landscape design to enhance mental health and well-being.
The Role of Ecology on Urban Landscape: The Case of Antalya-Muratpaşa
Authors: Şahin Mehmet Tahsin , Hadimli Halil , Çakır Çağlar , Yasak Üzeyir , Genişyürek Furkan
Published: May 2024

Urban ecology is a factor that significantly affects the urban landscape. Proper management and sustainable planning of ecosystems in cities can help urban landscapes to increase biodiversity and contribute to the efficient use of natural resources. In this framework, the integration of green spaces and ecosystem services can improve the quality of urban landscapes by increasing the health and resilience of urban ecosystems. This paper, which examines the effects of ecological factors on urban landscape in Antalya-Muratpaşa, presents a detailed analysis using various data sets. Within the scope of the research, the number of vehicles, carbon emissions by years, the ratio of green areas to population, CORINE data and land surface temperatures were analyzed. In addition, the change in land use from 1990 to 2018 and the land surface temperature forecast for 2040 and 2041 shed light on the evolutionary processes in the city. In an effort to understand the ecological status of Antalya-Muratpaşa, the paper highlights the potential impacts on the sustainability of the urban landscape. In particular, predicting the possible impacts of future land use on the urban landscape with population growth offers a strategic approach in planning processes. This study can be an important resource for urban planners, researchers and local governments because the data in the Antalya-Muratpaşa case provides a comprehensive overview that can guide those who want to consider sustainability and environmental factors in urban landscape planning. In line with this perspective, it is recommended to encourage green roof and green facade practices, rainwater harvesting, gray water recycling, etc. in new constructions.
Reading between the Lines: Process Mining on OPC UA Network Data
Authors: Hornsteiner Markus , Empl Philip , Bunghardt Timo , Schönig Stefan
Published: May 2024

The introduction of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has led to major changes in the industry. Thanks to machine data, business process management methods and techniques could also be applied to them. However, one data source has so far remained untouched: The network data of the machines. In the business environment, process mining, for example, has already been carried out based on network data, but the IIoT, with its particular protocols such as OPC UA, has yet to be investigated. With the help of design science research and on the shoulders of CRISP-DM, we first develop a framework for process mining in the IIoT in this paper. We then apply the framework to real-world IIoT network traffic data and evaluate the outcome and performance of our approach in detail. We find tremendous potential in network traffic data but also limitations. Among other things, due to the dependence on process experts and the existence of case IDs.
“Exercise….to Me, It’s Freedom”: Motivation, Support, and Self-Management to Keep Physically Active with Parkinson’s Disease: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ahern Leanne , Timmons Suzanne , Lamb Sarah E , McCullagh Ruth
Published: May 2024

Objective: To explore motivation to exercise, support, and self-management needs among people with Parkinson’s (PwP), family-members and physiotherapists. Methods: Purposeful and maximum difference sampling methods (age, sex, geographical setting, and disease severity) were employed. PwP and family-members were recruited through physiotherapy services and local support groups. Semi-structured interviews with 12 PwP, focus groups with four family-members, and five physiotherapists were conducted. Interview guides were informed by patient-public input, and a recent systematic review. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four common themes emerged: 1) The value of an intrinsic connection with exercise: but there are challenges. A greater connection to exercise led to long-term compliance. 2) Tailoring exercise is essential. Preferred exercises and environments were mixed, with differences emerging between sexes. 3) Physiotherapists’ aim to only maintain physical function led to frustration. Limited self-management opportunities, stigma and dehumanisation were discussed. 4) Non-motor symptoms, stigma, fear, and determination. Apathy, pain, and low mood were discussed. Conclusion: Exercise provided physical, emotional, and social rewards. Supports are necessary; however, challenges arise when PwP’s motivation are mismatched to family-members’ and physiotherapists’ goals. Co-created goals, tailored to their preferences, and exercise plans with supported self-management are recommended.
Determining the Urgency of Greening by Estimating the Amount of Greenery Resources in the Place of Residence
Authors: Bielecki Adam , Będkowski Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Areas covered with vegetation play a key role for life on Earth and should be inventoried in a clear and complete manner in order to improve the process of its protection and development. Data showing the amount of greenery in areas most deformed by humans, i.e. urbanized areas, are particularly important. Local governments need to know how to invest theirs limited sources in the quality of life of residents by supplementing the urban fabric with additional vegetation. The article presents a proposal for how to calculate the degree of greenness of cities based on remote sensing data. Additionally, a novel method was proposed to help in planning the development of areas covered with vegetation, taking into account the spatial distribution of the local population. The result was a comprehensive method presenting the actual natural situation in a specific city.
Pleth Variability Index as a Guide to Fluid Therapy in Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Vicenti Caterina , Romagnoli Noemi , Stabile Marzia , Lambertini Carlotta , Piemontese Claudia , Spaccini Francesca , Foglia Armando , Lacitignola Luca , Crovace Antonio , Staffieri Francesco
Published: May 2024

The aim of this prospective, randomized, clinical study was to evaluate the use of the pleth variability index (PVi) to guide the rate of intra-operative fluid therapy as compared with a traditional fixed fluid rate approach in ASA 1-2 dogs undergoing surgery. Twenty-seven dogs meet the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to conventional fluid management group (CFM, n = 12) or PVi-guided group (PVi, n = 15). The CFM group received a fixed rate of 5 ml kg-1 h-1 of crystalloid solution, while in the PVi group the rate was continuously adjusted based on PVi: PVi < 14% = 3 ml kg-1 h-1; 14% ≤ PVi ≥ 20% = ml kg-1 h-1; PVi > 20% = 15 ml kg-1 h-1. Hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg) was managed in CFM with maximum two fluid boluses (5 ml kg-1 in 10 minutes) and in case of no response dobutamine (1-3 mcg kg-1 min-1) was administered. In the PVi group treatment of hypotension was similar except when PVi > 14% when dobutamine was directly initiated. The total fluid amount was significantly lower in PVI group (0.056 ± 0.027 ml kg-1 min-1) vs. CFM group (0.132 ± 0.115 ml kg-1 min-1), and hypotension incidence was lower (p = 0.023) in PVi group (0%) vs. CFM group (41%). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly higher during surgery in the PVi group. Dobutamine was never administered in both groups. Preliminary data suggest that PVi may be considered a potential target to guide fluid therapy in dogs; larger studies are needed, especially in cases of cardiovascular instability.
Pt/CB-Catalyzed Chemoselective Hydrogenation Using in situ-Generated Hydrogen by Microwave Mediated Dehydrogenation of Methylcyclohexane under Continuous-Flow Conditions
Authors: Sakurada Naoya , Kitazono Takanori , Ikawa Takashi , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Sajiki Hironao
Published: May 2024

Hydrogen gas (H2) has attracted attention as a next-generation clean energy source. Its efficient and safe preparation and utilization are crucial in both industry and organic chemistry. In this study, a Pt/CB-catalyzed MW-mediated continuous-flow hydrogenation reaction was developed using methylcyclohexane (MCH) as the reducing agent (hydrogen carrier). Alkynes, alkenes, nitro groups, benzyl esters, and aromatic chlorides were chemoselectively hydrogenated using Pt/CB under MW-assisted continuous-flow conditions. This methodology represents a safe and energy-efficient hydrogenation process, as it eliminates the need for an external hydrogen gas supply or heating jackets as a heat medium. Further application of MW-mediated continuous-flow hydrogenation reactions is a viable method for the efficient generation and utilization of sustainable energy.
Like a Stone in a Pond: Chemistry as a Trigger Point for an Ever-Increasing Concentric Knowledge towards Global Citizenship and Sustainability Education
Authors: Celestino Teresa , Gentili Pier Luigi
Published: May 2024

The principal function of science education is to introduce students to core scientific concepts and practices; nevertheless, it is now impossible, in such a complex world, to neglect the ethical issues involved. Placing school science in a broader context motivates students and equips them with valuable critical skills. A meaningful example was from palm oil production and pervasive use worldwide: plantations result in major deforestation occurring in species-rich tropical regions, making the palm oil issue global in scope and highly critical for several aspects related to sustainability. This paper reports a sequence of didactic activities starting from palm oil chemistry, gradually extended initially by a multidisciplinary approach, then by interdisciplinary-systemic maps and, ultimately, through a holistic vision - involving anthropological and cultural considerations about indigenous people of deforested territories. This progressive broadening corresponds to an ever-greater penetration into the personal sphere, a condition for a real ethical consciousness. The increased students’ awareness was tested by qualitative considerations, supporting the teaching dimension more than the learning one. Contrary to disciplinary contents, the emergence of moral feelings cannot be measured but only perceived. Therefore, chemistry provides key concepts essential for global competences development in order to deal with sustainability issues with an increased ethical awareness.
Effect of Multi-mode Divergent Ultrasound Pretreatment on Hardness, Microstructure and Digestion of Acid-Induced Whey Protein Gels
Authors: Cheng Yu , Shi Xiaolong , Yeboah Georgina Benewaa , Chen Lihong , Wu Juan
Published: May 2024

Whey protein was pretreated with multi-frequency ultrasound in mono, dual, and tri-frequency modes. The effect of multi-frequency ultrasound pretreatment on the hardness, chemical forces, and microstructure of acid-induced whey protein gel was investigated. Whey protein gels pretreated with dual and tri-frequency ultrasound showed higher hardness (p3.35 mm) in those samples were resisted to gastric digestion. Moreover, the tri-frequency ultrasound pretreatment of whey protein gel released the least free amino group during gastric digestion. In contrast, whey protein gel with the mono-frequency ultrasound pretreatment released the highest amount of free amino acid group during intestinal digestion. Findings from this study suggested that gel hardness and network density could modulate the digestion behaviors of protein gels.
VLC Applications for Market Penetration: Prospect, Challenges and the Future
Authors: Bera Krishnendu , Faruki Jahid , Karmakar Nemai
Published: May 2024

Visible light communication (VLC) has attracted much attention in recent years among industrial and academic researchers. The large scale use of energy efficient light emitting diodes (LEDs) in lighting applications offers a unique opportunity to use license free visible light as the carrier in wireless communications. It has many potentials to complement radio frequency (RF) based communication systems. Researchers working on VLC have mainly concentrated on improving the communication speeds to match with Wi-Fi though the latest generation Wi-Fi standards offer significantly higher capacity at longer communication distances. Thus, market penetration is challenging for VLC as Wi-Fi is already quite mature and ubiquitous. Commercialization of VLC can only be successful if VLC can offer applications where VLC is more advantageous over the existing RF-based solutions. Once VLC enters the market through specific applications and becomes more mature in the process, the ecosystem may gradually adopt VLC in broader applications. In this article, the state of the art of the three promising VLC applications, their issues, and possible solutions have been discussed.
Study of the Leakage Current Transport Mechanisms in Pseudo-Vertical GaN-on-Silicon Schottky Diode Grown by Localized Epitaxy
Authors: EL AMRANI Mohammed , Buckley Julien , Kaltsounis Thomas , Arguello David Plaza , El Rammouz Hala , Alquier Daniel , Charles Matthew
Published: May 2024

In this work, a GaN-on-Si quasi-vertical Schottky diode was demonstrated on a locally grown n-GaN drift layer. The diode achieves a high current density of 2.5 kA/cm², a specific on-resistance RON,sp of 1.9 mΩ.cm² despite the crowding effect in quasi-vertical device and on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff) of 1010. Temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics have been measured in the range of 300-433 K to investigate the mechanisms of leakage conduction in the device. At near zero bias, thermionic emission (TE) was found to dominate. At voltage range from -1 to -10 V, electrons gain enough energy to excite into trap states, leading to the dominance of Frenkel-Poole emission (FPE). For a higher voltage range (-10V to -40V), the increased electric field promotes electron hopping along the threading dislocations in the “bulk” GaN layers, and thus, Variable Range Hopping becomes the main mechanism for the whole temperature range. This work provides an in-depth insight into the leakage conduction mechanisms on vertical GaN-on-Si Schottky barrier Diodes (SBDs) grown by localized epitaxy.
High Mechanical Property and Texture Degree of Hot-Extruded Bi0.905Sb0.095
Authors: Zhao Linghao , Zhang Hongcheng , Zhao Degang , Wang Dawei , Liu Ruiheng , Feng Jianghe
Published: May 2024

Bi1-xSbx crystal is one of the best n-type thermoelectric materials below 200 K, but its weak mechanical strength hinders practical applications for deep refrigeration. Herein, we adopted the mechanical enhancement method of hot extrusion to investigate the comprehensive mechanical and thermoelectric properties of Bi0.905Sb0.095. It revealed that reducing the grain size of the matrix and increasing the extrusion ratio can improve the gain size uniformity and mechanical properties. While the thermoelectric performance depends on the texture, grain size, and local composition. The extruded sample prepared by ingot with the high extrusion ratio of 9:1 generated a high texture degree of (001) plane and small grain sizes between ~4-40 mm, which resulted in the high bending strength of Bi1-xSbx ~130 Mpa and a high-power factor of ~ 68 μW·cm-1·K-2@173 K, as well as the relative high figure of merit of 0.25@173K. This work highlights the importance of the uniform distribution of the grain size and the compositions for Bi1-xSbx, as well as the required universal key parameter for the hot-extrusion method.
Towards Frugal Innovation Capability in Emerging Markets within the Digitalization Epoch: Exploring the Role of Strategic Orientation and Organizational Ambidexterity
Authors: Mu Renyan , Sengura Josephat Deusidedith , Zhang Jingshu
Published: May 2024

Digitalization have force emerging markets (EMs) firms operating in resource-constrained environment to adopt market-driven strategies, particularly frugal innovation, to provide affordable, optimize processes and high-value solutions. However, understanding the mechanisms behind developing frugal innovation capability (FIC) at the firm level in diverse EMs remains limited. From the perspective of the Resource-based View, this study added to the existing body of knowledge by exploring how strategic orientation (entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and market orientation (MO)) and organizational ambidexterity (OA) impact the development of FIC in EMs. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey in data collection with 386 valid respondents from Tanzanian manufacturing firms to empirically validate our theoretical predictions. The results show that both EO and MO have strong and positive association with OA and the development of FIC in EMs. In addition, OA partially mediate the relationship of both EO and MO with the development of FIC. Furthermore, our results indicate that MO exerts a more significant impact on the development of FIC than EO in EMs. Managers of manufacturing firms in EMs can use these findings to review their strategic decisions and their exploitative and exploratory approaches to enhance supply chains, develop cost-effective technologies, and produce affordable offerings that cater to the preferences of price-conscious consumers in the digitalization age.
Application of Aquifer Delineation and Hydrogeophysical Techniques in Estimating Groundwater Recharge to Enhance Water Allocation in Groundwater-Dependent Areas, Northern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Baloyi Lucky , Kanyerere Thokozani , Muchingami Innocent , Pienaar Harrison
Published: May 2024

The aquifer delineation using a hydrogeophysical survey was carried out in De Aar, a small town in the eastern part of the Karoo supergroup, Northern Cape, South Africa. In this re-gion, the current approach for estimating recharge, water allocation plans, and water monitoring does not consider the existence of different types of aquifers. Instead, it assumes there is one aquifer system and therefore the area might have one value of recharge. This study aimed to delineate aquifers into unconfined and confined aquifers for estimating recharge and demonstrate the use of geophysics techniques in delineating aquifer systems. Six VES stations and seven profile lines were measured using a Wenner array configuration and ground magnetotelluric method, respectively. VES data was processed using IPI2win software while electric potential difference curve was in-terpreted together with lithological data. Four significant layers of low (0.9-8.1 Ωm), moderate (22.4-125 Ωm), and high 68-177 Ωm) resistivity values were delineated suggestive of the different lithological formations. The subsurface profile mapping using ground magentotelluric methods did not suggest groundwater accumulations below 50 m, instead supported shallow groundwater potentials boreholes. These results have provided a double layer aquifer system thereby suggesting that recharge estimation need to be carried out in two different aquifer systems to enhance water allocation plans, and water monitoring in groundwater-dependent areas similar to prevailing conditions in the current study area.
Eye Tracking Based on Event Camera and Spiking Neural Network
Authors: Jiang Yizhou , Wang Wenwei , Yu Lei , He Chu
Published: May 2024

The event camera generates an event stream based on changes in brightness, retaining only the characteristics of moving objects, addresses the high power consumption associated with using high-frame-rate cameras for high-speed eye tracking tasks. However, the asynchronous incremental nature of event camera output has not been fully utilized, and there are also issues related to missing event datasets. Combining the temporal information encoding and state-preserving properties of spiking neural network (SNN) with event camera, a near-range eye tracking algorithm is proposed as well as a novel event-based dataset for validation and evaluation. According to experimental results, the proposed solution outperforms artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms, while computational time remains only 12.5\% of that of traditional SNN algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm allows for self-adjustment of time resolution, with a maximum achievable resolution of 0.081ms, enhancing tracking stability while maintaining accuracy.
Analysis of Aviation Risks Due to Adverse Weather Conditions. Case Study: Pucallpa Accident 08/23/2005
Authors: Vicente Dante , Moggiano Nabilt , Wang Yuchen , Wong Chan-Seng
Published: May 2024

Weather-related risks in aviation are one of the main causes of accidents worldwide. This article aims to analyze aviation risks resulting from adverse weather conditions, using the case study of the Pucallpa accident that occurred on August 23, 2005, in eastern Peru. In this analysis, we have determined the relationship between meteorological information and aviation risks, presented a matrix of risks associated with the most predominant meteorological variables at Pucallpa airport, and drawn up three maps of meteorological risks indicating the month of the year in which their incidence is most relevant. Finally, we conclude that it is essential to emphasize the importance of considering the prevailing weather conditions at Pucallpa airport to help mitigate the potential risks that may occur during different phases of the flight.
Origin of the Dark Energy
Authors: Flores Hector Gerardo , Jain Harshit , Gonçalves de Souza Maria Isabel
Published: May 2024

We are going to demonstrate the origin of dark energy, using a Hardwire similarity, a test that is carried out in terrestrial seismic with vibroseis in the search for gas and oil. In the first instance, we are going to analyse the mathematical function of Dirac's delta and compare it with the detonation of an explosive that is carried out in the search for gas and oil. Let's understand that in both cases a frequency spectrum is produced. We will also explain the meaning of a non-causal, zero-phase system; a causal system, of minimum phase, in order to determine the mathematical behaviour that corresponds to the Big Bang. Next, following the line of seismic, we will analyse a Hardwire Similarity to demonstrate that a vibroseis source, which generates a sweep, produces, in addition to the ideal sweep of fundamental frequencies, spurious harmonic frequencies and additional noise. We will show that this additional energy generated by the spurious harmonic frequencies and additional noise adds to the energy of the fundamental frequency sweep in analogy as dark energy does.
Evaluation of feeding table optimizations in Pacific white shrimp nursery biofloc systems
Authors: Padilla Alfredo Mori , Martins Mateus Aranha , Carneiro Ramon Felipe Siqueira , Franch Francisco de Castro Lima , De Lorenzo Marco Antônio , Vieira Felipe do Nascimento
Published: May 2024

A 45-day experiment was conducted to optimize feeding rates in the nursery phase of Pacific white shrimp reared in biofloc systems (BFT). Four treatments were evaluated in quadruplicate, according to the Van Wyk table: maximum feeding rate; minimum feeding rate; minimum feeding rate minus 10%; and maximum feeding rate plus 10%. Post-larvae (0.08 ± 0.00 g) were cultured at the density of 2,000 shrimp·m-3, and water quality, solids production, and productive performance were all monitored. No significant difference was observed in final mean weight (1.47 ± 0.17 g), productivity (2.34 ± 0.20 kg·m-3) and survival (85.29 ± 5.44%) among treatments, but feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the minimum feeding rate and minimum feeding rate minus 10% treatments, indicating efficient feed conversion without compromising growth. These treatments also resulted in lower values of toxic nitrogen compounds and total suspended solids, suggesting a positive impact on water quality. Although these rates proved suitable, continuous adjustments are needed owing to variations in the BFT system. This study provides guidelines for optimizing feeding management in superintensive BFT nursery systems.
The Influence of Brand Reputation, Quality of Information, and Word of Mouth on Brand Reputation in Environmentally Friendly Body Care Products
Authors: Salwa Salsabila Julia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of brand reputation, quality of information, and word of mouth on brand reputation in environmentally friendly body care products. This quantitative research method collects data through questionnaires. A total of 254 respondents were sampled using purposive sampling technique. The objects taken in this research were respondents who had purchased environmentally friendly body care products at least 3 times in DKI Jakarta and were at least 18 years old. This research uses SPSS version 26 software and SEM (Structural Equation Model) from AMOS software to carry out the analysis and processing of research data. The results obtained in this research show that brand reputation, quality of information, and word of mouth have a positive and significant effect on brand trust. Apart from that, brand reputation and brand trust have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty.
First Metatarsal Headphones-Like Lesion
Authors: Mazzotti A. , Cassanelli E. , Artioli E. , Zielli S.O. , Arceri A. , Di Liddo M. , Faldini C.
Published: May 2024

Case:

A 34-year-old woman sustained a direct trauma to the left hallux during a fall. Radiographs showed a dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and a wide separation of sesamoid complex. Closed reduction was tried: postreduction radiographs displayed reduction of first metatarsophalangeal joint and a complete sesamoid complex dislocation. The patient was scheduled for surgery. Through a medial approach, open reduction together with plantar structures release and repair were performed. Functional and radiographic outcomes were satisfactory at the last follow-up.

Conclusion:

In case of a “headphones-like lesion” surgery is required, together with plantar structures repair.
Enhancing the Dorsal Side of Fingers Using An Image Enhancement Technique with FPGA Output Comparison
Authors: Han Tan Shu , Riaz Imran , Ali Ahmad Nazri
Published: May 2024

يعرض  هذا البحث عملاً على تقنية تحسين تسمى معادلة الرسم البياني، HE لصور مفصل الإصبع. وينقسم هذا المشروع إلى ثلاث مراحل، وهي الحصول على الصور، وتحسين الصورة، والتقييم. للحصول على الصور، يتم إعداد كاميرا ويب USB كجهاز الحصول على صورة الأصابع. لتحسين الصورة، يتم اختيار طريقة معادلة الرسم البياني (HE) بسبب الخوارزمية الأقل تعقيدًا، خاصة عند تقييم الأداء على منصة FPGA. تم اعتبار منصتي معالجة لإكمال الدراسة، وهما أجهزة الكمبيوتر المكتبية التي تستخدم برمجة MATLAB ومنصة FPGA DE1-SoC. تم إجراء مقارنة النتائج بين منصتي المعالجة هاتين، حيث وجد أن النتائج لكلا المنصتين أظهرت مخرجات متطابقة من حيث PSNR، والتي حققت قيمة 13.43 ديسيبل وMSE بقيمة 0.0454.
Long-Term Survival of Liver Transplant Recipients Remains Stagnant; a cohort study on the evolution of cause-specific mortality.
Authors: Zhao Xun , Xu Chaoqun (Cherry) , Bera Chinmay , Arisar Fakhar Ali Qazi ,   Maryam Naghibzadeh1, Azhie Amirhossein , Chen Shiyi , Xu Wei , Selzner Nazia , Tsien Cynthia , Lilly Leslie , Jaeckel Elmar , Bhat Mamatha
Published: May 2024

Objective
Recent U.S. registry publications showed no improvement in long term survival post-liver transplant in the last three decades. This observation urged us to assess the trend in long-term survival of liver transplant recipients (LTR) in a publically funded healthcare system, and importantly examine trends in cause-specific mortality.
Methods
Consecutive adult subjects seen at the liver transplant centre between September 1984 to December 2020 at the University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto, Canada, were reviewed. The study period was divided into seven 5-year eras. Comparisons between eras were made to assess trend over time. Cause specific mortality were studied up to 10 years post-transplant.
Results
In total, 2,972 subjects were included. Overall, no significant improvement in long-term survival was observed over the seven eras. No significant difference in the risk of cardiovascular, malignancy, or infection-related mortality was observed across the eras. Significant improvements were observed in graft-failure related mortality. Compared to the age and sex matched general population, LTRs demonstrated a significantly higher mortality and shorter life expectancy.
Conclusion
Advances in transplant medicine over the last 35 years translated into a decrease in graft-related mortality. However, overall, there was no significant change in long-term survival considering all causes. Despite advances in post-transplant management, it has not led to a decrease in cardiovascular, malignancy or infection-related mortality in transplant recipients. Further research is warranted on the cause of stagnation in these areas and improving long-term post-transplant outcomes.
Hidden RNA profiles of cells in the tumor microenvironment accurately revealed by malignant cell fraction-informed deconvolution
Authors: Kim Yongsoo , Janssen Jurriaan , Radonic Teodora , Steketee Mischa , Asten Saskia van , Eijk Paul , Maldegem Febe van , Noske David , Bahce Idris , Vallejo Juan Garcia , de Wiel Mark van , Ylstra Bauke
Published: May 2024

Deconvolution of bulk RNA profiles can identify hidden cell fractions and functional states in the tumor microenvironment. The malignant cells however, are commonly the most abundant cell type and impair deconvolution by profound interpatient heterogeneity. We developed a malignant cell fraction-informed RNA deconvolution method by Bayesian integration of DNA-derived malignant fraction estimates, OncoBLADE. We evaluated OncoBLADE experimentally using bulk RNA profiles with 19 CyTOF determined cell fractions from blood of 46 individuals, and in silico using 180,177 single-cell RNA profiles from 73 lung tumors. Using malignant cell fractions, OncoBLADE achieved improved accuracy in cell fraction and cell type-specific RNA profile estimation. We tested OncoBLADE on real bulk profiles of 50 adeno- and 50 squamous lung cancer samples, revealing hidden RNA profiles of malignant cells and fibroblasts that distinguished two histological subtypes. In conclusion, multimodal deconvolution utilizing bulk DNA and RNA data accurately unveils hidden RNA profiles within the tumor microenvironment.
A Method for Comparing and Generating Candidate Scalings
Authors: Truman Spencer , Henao Ricardo , Truscott Tadd
Published: May 2024

Scalings are the basis for relating and comparing quantities from scientific data. The current approach to discovering scalings from data is overly reliant on human researchers, which means that the pace of discovery in engineering and scientific fields is dependent on human speed. We propose a combined objective for quantitatively comparing scalings which will quicken the pace of discovery by harnessing computational speed. The combined objective allows for automated methods to be used to generate a large number (thousands or more) of candidates which can be computationally scored based on metrics of correlation, simplicity, sparsity, and having simple rational numbers. This method allows a researcher to explore pools of scaling candidates more efficiently to find scalings of interest.
Enhancing the Stress Resistance of Nitrile Hydratase from Rhodococcus ruber via SpyTag/SpyCatcher-mediated α- and β- subunits ligation
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Yu Huimin
Published: May 2024

Nitrile Hydratase (NHase) is one of the most important industrial enzyme widely used in the petroleum exploitation field. The enzyme, composed of two unrelated α- and β-subunits, catalyzes the conversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide, releasing a significant amount of heat and generating the organic solvent product, acrylamide. Both the heat and acrylamide solvent have an impact on the structural stability of NHase and its catalytic activity. To improve the thermostability and acrylamide tolerance of NHase, the two subunits were fused in vivo using SpyTag and SpyCatcher, which were attached to the termini of each subunit in various combinations. Analysis of the engineered strains showed that the C-terminus of β-NHase is a better fusion site than the N-terminus, while the C-terminus of α-NHase is the most suitable site for fusion with a larger protein. Fusion of SpyTag and SpyCatcher to the C-terminus of β-NHase and α-NHase, respectively, led to improved acrylamide tolerance and a slight enhancement in the thermostability of one of the engineered strains, NBSt. These results indicate that in vivo ligation of different subunits using SpyTag/SpyCatcher is a valuable strategy for enhancing subunit interaction and improving stress tolerance.
Comparison of curing methods for bulk electrical conductivity testing on cement pastes
Authors: BERNARD Thomas , Wilson William
Published: May 2024

Predicting the service life of concrete is one of the main problems faced by civil engineers. Measuring the electrical conductivity of concrete is a promising method to quickly get a qualitative idea of its durability. However, a drawback of bulk conductivity that prevents a quantitative measurement is the effect of the curing method on the measurement. The main phenomenon that occurs during curing and affects the conductivity is the leaching of alkalis from the pore solution into the curing solution. The gradient of alkali concentration between these two solutions creates a driving force for alkali diffusion. The pore solution is therefore less concentrated in alkalis and the pore solution conductivity and the bulk conductivity is reduced. However, previous work has shown that leaching is not the only possible effect of the curing solution on the bulk conductivity. To avoid these effects, the curing solution must simulate the pore solution at each moment of hydration and for each cementitious mix. For this purpose, different curing solutions based on a sacrificial powder, a reduced volume of curing solution and a simulated pore solution are proposed. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of these curing solutions and to determine the most suitable one. The results show that a small volume of curing solution is the most promising solution to prevent leaching without affecting the hydration rate.
Restriction Enzyme-Free Method for Generating PCR Product Sticky Ends in Recombinant Vector Construction for Cloning
Authors: Hashemabadi Mohammad , Amandadi Mojdeh , Shaban Mojtaba , Sasan Hossein Ali
Published: May 2024

In biological research, particularly in genetics, one crucial aspect is the transfer of gene fragments or their derivatives into living organisms. These fragments are typically carried by plasmids to ensure stability and observable effects. Conventional cloning methods rely on restriction enzymes to create sticky ends for introducing these fragments into biological vectors. However, due to the limitations of these enzymes in efficiently cutting DNA insert fragments, as well as their associated costs and time-consuming nature, alternative methods for creating sticky ends and transferring DNA into plasmids have been explored. This study proposes a method for conducting cloning processes with minimal reliance on restriction enzymes. The approach involves separately amplifying each Watson and Crick strand in PCR tubes using primers with specific sticky end sequences at their 5' ends. During the high cycles of the PCR process, numerous Watson or Crick single strands are generated in each tube, which are then combined to produce a double-stranded product containing sticky sites for easy insertion into the plasmid. To validate this method, the creation of a plasmid containing the microRNA hsa-miR-21 precursor was examined. Upon its transfer into HEK 293 cells, a significant 12.5-fold increase in microRNA hsa-miR-21 concentration compared to the control was observed using real-time PCR. This novel, cost-effective, and time-saving method holds potential for various applications in genetics, biotechnology, and biology.
A Drop in an Overflowing Bucket: Trauma Training for Preschool Educators; A phenomenological Case Study
Authors: Bond Rachel
Published: May 2024

This qualitative phenomenological case study examined the State Change trauma training program and how it supported preschool teachers through the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through observational data from a teacher training and three semi-structured interviews (two State Change facilitators and one preschool teacher participant) a variety of categories were created examining: Initial changes in COVID, Continued Absence of Support, Training in the Private Sphere, and Making Trainings Accessible. Overall, the training was concluded to be beneficial for participants in helping them understand what trauma behaviors might look like in their students and discuss some behavioral scenarios they were experiencing. Larger systemic issues (low staff attrition, high burnout rates, etc.) and other concerns (over pathologizing) which influenced the training effectiveness were analyzed. Recommendations for future trainings and research were also discussed.