bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Response of Shallow-Buried Tunnels under Asymmetrical Pressure Distributions
Authors: Jiang X. L. , Wang F. F. , Yang H. , Lian P. Y. , Chen J. , Niu J. Y. , Sun G. C.
Published: March 2018

Based on the similarity theory, two physical testing models (double-hole tunnel and single-hole tunnel) with a scale of 1:10 were designed and manufactured. A series of shaking table tests followed by numerical simulations was carried out to obtain the dynamic response characteristics of shallow-buried tunnels with asymmetrical pressure distributions. The similarities and differences in the dynamic response laws between double-hole tunnel and single-hole tunnel were studied. The effects of types of seismic wave (Wenchuan wave, Darui artificial wave, and Kobe wave), peaks acceleration excitation (0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.4 g, and 0.6 g), excitation directions (horizontal and vertical directions), and excitation modes (unidirection and bidirection) on dynamic response laws of the tunnels were studied. The results show that the variation of acceleration multiplying factor (AMF) shows a nonlinear trend. The AMFs are different at different monitoring points. The type of seismic wave has a significant effect on the acceleration response, with Kobe wave being the most serious, followed by the Darui artificial wave and the Wenchuan wave. In bidirectional excitation, the AMFs are relatively larger than those of unidirectional excitation. A comparison between the numerical simulation and the shaking table tests in both acceleration time history and peaks acceleration shows that the results of the shaking table tests and numerical simulations are credible. The acceleration response of monitoring points near the existing slope is generally magnified. The residual strains are generated at the monitoring points. The variation trends of both tensile strain and compressive strain are opposite. The tensile strains are generally larger than the compressive strains. Many factors, such as the type of seismic wave, peaks of acceleration excitation, excitation direction, and excitation mode, have a significant influence on the dynamic strain response and acceleration response of the tunnels. The research results could promote the understanding of dynamic response characteristics of the tunnels.
Behavioral Characteristics of Group Batter Piles According to Pile Inclination and Action Direction under Statically Lateral Loads
Authors: Kang Gi-Chun , Kim Jiseong
Published: March 2018

Pile foundations are designed by vertical piles; however, sometimes batter piles are considered because of their bending rigidity. In general, batter piles are known to have more lateral resistance than the vertical piles, but limited research has been conducted on them because of application limitations and the fact that interpreting construction equipment is difficult. Additionally, field application cases are rarely used for off-shore plants in which lateral loads have a great effect on the foundations of wind power structures. In a single pile, the interaction behavior of a subgrade-pile is so complicated that accurate predictions are impossible. This study is designed to aid in understanding the behavioral characteristics of group batter piles on which a lateral load acts through a model test. The experiments were conducted with 22 single batter piles and 48 group batter piles, and the results showed that the lateral resistance increased as the tilt angle rose. Furthermore, the lateral resistance was at its peak when the lateral loading angle was 60°, and the resistance of the front pile was greater than that of the rear pile. The bending moment, according to the angle of tilt, changed as the group of piles generally increased and as the angle of tilt rose for both the front and rear piles. The action position of the maximum bending moment tends to go up toward the upper part of the piles as the angle of tilt rises for the front and rear piles.
A Novel Approach to Evaluating the Performance of Physical Fitness by Combining Statistical Inference with the Radar Chart
Authors: Lin Yun-Tsan , Chang Tsang-Chuan , Chen Kuen-Suan
Published: March 2018

Physical fitness is a measure of an individual’s ability to perform physical tasks and has a significant influence on health. Thus, improving a person’s fitness level has become a vital issue in preventive medicine in many developed countries today. However, a considerable amount of research employs secondary data or random samples for the assessment of physical fitness performance. Thus, the means of efficiently and objectively evaluating physical fitness performance has become a topic of concern. Thus, this study employed the physical fitness index (PFI) established by Lin, Chang, and Chen [1] as an evaluation tool and used it as a naive estimator to estimate specific domains of fitness. Because of the uncertainty in performance assessments associated with sampling error, we derived the 100(1−α)% confidence interval of the PFI by statistical inference to serve as the assessment criteria. Furthermore, to effectively increase management efficiency, we further integrated the confidence interval into a radar chart with a pentagon shape to evaluate the performance of each fitness component simultaneously. Finally, we present an illustrative example demonstrating the applicability of the proposed assessment approach.
Kinematic Errors on a C-Type Gear with a Parabolic Surface
Authors: Yang Hsueh-Cheng , Chang Ching-Sheng
Published: March 2018

An asymmetric tooth is used to develop a mathematical model of an imaginary skewed rack cutter. Using this imaginary skewed rack cutter and the theory of gearing, a pair of helical gears with asymmetric, straight teeth and a parabolic surface is created. Using tooth contact analysis, this mathematical model of a pair of helical gears with a parabolic surface is used to study the kinematic errors that occur because of assembly errors. Using a computer-aided software package to simulate the scenario, the kinematic errors for the gear set when it is ideally assembled and inaccurately assembled are presented. The contact pattern between the pair of helical gears is obtained. A pair of helical gears is created by rapid prototype machining and is used to observe the actual contact conditions of the gears.
Rapid Method for Determining the Distribution of Residual Stresses in Pipes
Authors: Shimov G. V.
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the method of longitudinal residual stress measurement on inner and outer pipe surface layers, which is used for calculation of the distribution of all residual stresses over the wall thickness. The method proposed is applicable in cases of stresses that are opposite in sign and exist inside and outside the pipe. Moreover, in accordance with the hypothesis of a parabolic circumferential and longitudinal distribution of residual stresses, this paper proposes the calculation method of stress distribution by measured ultimate stresses of the same sign inside and outside the pipe. The method is suitable for use in the express laboratory of a workshop that produces cold-formed seamless pipes.
Clinical diagnosis of Graves’ or non-Graves’ hyperthyroidism compared to TSH receptor antibody test
Authors: Bell Lauren , Hunter Ann Louise , Kyriacou Angelos , Mukherjee Annice , Syed Akheel A
Published: March 2018

Background

TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) is considered the gold standard diagnostic test for the autoimmunity of Graves’ disease (GD), which is commonly diagnosed clinically.

Aim

To evaluate the true positive (sensitivity) and true negative (specificity) rates of clinical diagnosis of GD or non-GD hyperthyroidism compared to the TRAb test.

Setting

University teaching hospital in North West England.

Participants

Patients in the Endocrinology service who had a TRAb measurement between December 2009 and October 2015.

Methods

Electronic patient records were studied retrospectively for a pre-TRAb clinical diagnosis of GD or non-GD hyperthyroidism. We examined descriptive statistics and binary classification tests; Fisher exact test was used to analyse contingency tables.

Results

We identified 316 patients with a mean age of 45 (range, 17–89) years; 247 (78%) were women. Compared to the TRAb result, clinical diagnosis had a sensitivity of 88%, specificity 66%, positive predictive value 72%, negative predictive value 84%, false negative rate 12%, false positive rate 34%, positive likelihood ratio 2.6 and negative likelihood ratio 0.2 (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Clinicians were liable to both over- and under-diagnose GD. The TRAb test can help reduce the number of incorrect or unknown diagnoses in the initial clinical assessment of patients presenting with hyperthyroidism.
Testicular adrenal rest tumors in boys with 21-hydroxylase deficiency, timely diagnosis and follow-up
Authors: Kocova Mirjana , Janevska Vesna , Anastasovska Violeta
Published: March 2018

Background

Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are found in 30–94% of adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We sought to explore TART appearance through yearly ultrasound examination of testes in young boys with CAH, and its association with metabolic control and genetic mutations.

Methods

Twenty-five boys with 21-hydroxylase deficiency in the age group 4–18 years diagnosed during the period 2001–2016 were included in the study. ACTH, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone were measured at 4-month intervals. Growth and BMI were assessed at the time of evaluation. PCR/ACRS method was used for CYP21A2 gene analysis. Testicular ultrasound examination was performed yearly.

Results

TARTs were detected by ultrasound in 8 children at the age of 6–16 years (13.2 years average). Five had salt-wasting form, two had simple virilizing form and one had non-classic form of CAH. Significant differences in the17OHP and androstenedione levels were detected between the boys, adherent and non-adherent to therapy. Inadequate metabolic control was not different in boys with and without TART (11/17 and 5/8 respectively). No significant difference was detected in the distribution of genetic mutations or adherence to therapy between patients with and without TARTs. One patient had a mutation not reported thus far in TART and another developed leukemia.

Conclusion

TART is not rare in young boys with CAH, irrespective of the specific mutation or metabolic control. Ultrasound screening helps timely diagnosis and adjustment of therapy.
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs multiple daily injections in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies
Authors: Rys Przemyslaw M , Ludwig-Slomczynska Agnieszka H , Cyganek Katarzyna , Malecki Maciej T
Published: March 2018

Background

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown an advantage of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) over multiple daily injections (MDI) in the general type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) population. RCT data on T1DM management in pregnancy remain limited.

Objective

We performed a systematic review of both RCTs and non-RCTs evaluating CSII vs MDI in T1DM-complicated pregnancy.

Study design

Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing CSII with MDI in T1DM-complicated pregnancy.

Methods

A meta-analysis provided point estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Continuous outcomes were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) or standardised mean differences (SMD), and dichotomous data as relative risk (RR).

Results

The search identified 47 studies, including 43 non-RCTs, reporting on 7824 pregnancies. The meta-analysis showed a lower HbA1c level with CSII vs MDI in the first trimester (WMD: −0.45%; 95%CI: −0.62, −0.27). This difference decreased in subsequent trimesters. Compared to MDI, therapy with CSII resulted in higher gestational weight gain (GWG) (WMD: 1.02 kg; 95%CI: 0.41, 1.62), and lower daily insulin dose requirements in the first (SMD: −0.46; 95%CI: −0.68, −0.24) and subsequent trimesters. Moreover, infants from the CSII group were more likely to be large for gestational age (LGA) (RR: 1.16; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.24) and less likely to be small for gestational age (SGA) (RR: 0.66; 95%CI: 0.45; 0.97).

Conclusions

In T1DM-complicated pregnancy, CSII compared to MDI therapy resulted in better first trimester glycaemic control; this difference decreased in subsequent trimesters. CSII therapy was associated with lower insulin requirements, higher GWG and altered risk for infants being LGA and SGA.
DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE EKİP ÇALIŞMASI ETKİNLİĞİNİN İŞ TATMİNİ VE HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ KÜLTÜRÜ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DANIŞMAN Ferhat , TANIŞ Caner , GÜRSEL Mihtikar
Published: March 2018

Amaç: Araştırmanın temel amacı diş hekimlerinin ekip çalışması etkinliğinin iş
tatmini ve hasta güvenliği kültürü üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler:Bir üniversitenin diş hekimliği fakültesi hastanesinde çalışan 50 diş
hekimine anket uygulayarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amaçlarına
ulaşmak için istatistiksel yöntemlerden yararlanılmıştır. Ölçeklere
ilişkin anket güvenilirliği Cronbach
Alpha testi ile kontrol edilmiştir. Ölçeklerin demografik özelliklere göre
değişim gösterip göstermediği Bağımsız
Örneklemler t Testi ve Tek Yönlü
Varyans Analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Ölçeklerin kendi aralarındaki
ilişkileri Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı
ile incelenmiştir. Ekip çalışması etkinliğinin iş tatmini ve iş görenlerin hasta güvenliği kültürü üzerine
etkisi Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi ve İkili Lojistik Regresyon Analizi ile tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular:Araştırma yapılan hastanede görev yapan diş hekimleri arasındaki ekip
çalışması etkinliğinin iş tatmini ve hasta güvenliği kültürü üzerinde
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ekip
çalışması etkinliği ile iş tatmini ve hasta güvenliği kültürü arasında pozitif
bir ilişki vardır. Araştırma amaçlarından biri olan ölçek değerlerinin
demografik özelliklere göre farklılığının belirlenmesi konusunda ekip çalışması
etkinliğinde Ortodonti ve Restoratif Diş Tedavisi anabilim dalları arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Çalışanların
çalıştığı kurumdaki hizmet süreleri açısından hasta güvenliği kültürleri
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar:Araştırma
sonuçlarına göre diş hekimleri arasındaki ekip çalışması etkinliğinin çalışılan
işten memnun olma ve hasta güvenliği kültürüne sahip olma üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin
olduğu belirlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler:Diş hekimliği, Ekip
Çalışması Etkinliği,  İş Tatmini,  Hasta Güvenliği Kültürü
Особливості деструктивного впливу засобів масової інформації і творів художньої літератури на формування агресивної поведінки старшокласників
Authors: Zozuliak-Sluchyk Roksoliana , Kovbas Bohdan
Published: March 2018

У статі проаналізовано засоби масової інформації як чинник формування агресивної поведінки та схильності до насильства старшокласників. Розкрито особливості впливу творів художньої літератури на агресивність і ворожість у середовищі старшокласників.
Форми взаємодії вихователя дітей дошкільного віку з родинами учасників бойових дій
Authors: Onyshchuk Viktorija
Published: March 2018

У статті розкрито сутність поняття “взаємодія з родинами учасників бойових дій” та характеризовано його як процес двосторонньої діяльності, взаємної (спільної) діяльності вихователів дітей дошкільного віку та членів їх родин, котрі є учасниками бойових дій з метою гармонійного розвитку особистості вихованця. Визначено основні проблеми, розкриття яких передбачає дослідження процесу взаємодії вихователя з родинами учасників бойових дій. Описано основні форми роботи вихователя дітей дошкільного віку з родинами учасників бойових дій.
Формування громадянської культури школярів : результати констатувального етапу дослідно-експериментальної роботи
Authors: Kostiv Volodymyr
Published: March 2018

У статті представлено результати дослідно-експериментальної роботи з виявлення рівня сформованості громадянської культури учнів 7–11 класів загальноосвітньої школи. Охарактеризовано організацію та методику дослідження. Наведено результати сформованості громадянської спрямова¬ності підлітків/старшокласників, їхніх окремих інтегративних громадян¬ських якостей та загальні рівні сформованості громадянської культури досліджуваних школярів. Подано характеристику представників кожної з виокремлених типологічних груп (із високим, середнім, низьким та найниж¬чим рівнем сформованості окремих інтегративних громадянських якостей). Підсумовано загальний профіль громадянської культури особистості одного з учнів та окреслено перспективи корегування сфери його подальшої громадянської поведінки.
Підготовка майбутніх соціальних педагогів до роботи з патронатною сім’єю
Authors: Kostiv Volodymyr , Vavryshchuk Ludmyla
Published: March 2018

У статті обгрунтовано доцільність спеціальної підготовки майбутніх соціальних педагогів до роботи з патронатною сім’єю як одного з типів сімей із порушеною структурою. Зазначається можливість запровадження інституту патронатної сім’ї як альтернативної форми сімейного виховання дітей-сиріт та дітей, позбавлених батьківського піклування. Виділяються складові готовності соціального педагога до організації соціально-педагогічної діяльності з патронатною сім'єю: професійно-гуманістична спрямованість особистості фахівця, інтелектуально-пізнавальний компонент, представлений професійно-педагогічними знаннями та уміннями, діяльнісно-практичний компонент, що характеризується наявністю особистого досвіду взаємодії студента з патронатними сім’ями, з іншими формами сімейного влаштування дітей-сиріт та дітей, позбавлених батьківського піклування, батьками, прийомними дітьми, фахівцями, які проводять соціальний супровід цих сімей, представниками державних органів, які сприяють становленню сімейних форм виховання.
Використання педагогічно доцільних методів взаємодії у вихованні дитини в перехідні періоди утворення різних типів сімей із порушеною структурою
Authors: Halushchak Halyna
Published: March 2018

У статті розкрито сутність сім’ї з порушеною структурою. Актуалізується значення виховного потенціалу різних типів сімей із порушеною структурою (неповної, повної зміненої, адопційної, опікунської, патронатної), доцільність налагодження взаємодії батька (матері) з дитиною у ситуації розпаду та утворення іншого з типів сімей. Окреслено педагогічно доцільні напрями і методи взаємодії батьків із дитиною (дітьми).
Методика виявлення готовності майбутніх соціальних педагогів до статевого виховання старшокласників
Authors: Golovach Lyudmila
Published: March 2018

У статті охарактеризовано значення підготовки майбутніх соціальних педагогів до статевого виховання зростаючої особистості, зокрема, дітей старшого шкільного віку. На основі культурологічно-синергетичного підходу представлено структуру статевої культури особи. Обгрунтовано методику діагностування готовності майбутніх соціальних педагогів до статевого виховання старшокласників, у тому числі розроблено авторські методики.
Особливості формування професійної компетентності студентів медичного коледжу: реалії та перспективи
Authors: Kharashchuk Irina
Published: March 2018

У статті розкрито концепт поняття “професійна компетентність”, виокремлено основні аспекти процесу формування професійної компетентності майбутніх фахівців медичної галузі; проаналізовано стан означеної проблеми на сучасному етапі; визначено шляхи підвищення якості підготовки студентів.Автор наголошує на потребі перегляду основних шляхів підготовки компе¬тентного медичного працівника, акцентує увагу на основних напрямах розвитку вищої освіти країн Європейського Союзу, накреслює орієнтири теоретичної та практичної роботи з майбутніми фахівцями.
Виховання політичної культури у майбутніх офіцерів збройних сил України – імператив часу
Authors: Vasyanovych Hryhoriy
Published: March 2018

У статті обґрунтовано ідею необхідності виховання політичної культури у майбутніх офіцерів Збройних Сил України. Охарактеризовано основні симптомо¬комплекси якостей політичної культури – політична компетентність; політична ідентичність; політична активність та ініціативність; політична позиційність; окреслено шляхи реалізації політичної культури майбутнього офіцера на практиці.
Патронат як компонент сімейних взаємовідносин
Authors: Halushchak Halyna
Published: March 2018

У статті на основі вітчизняних досліджень проаналізовано компоненти сімейних взаємовідносин: об’єкти відносин, відносини цих об’єктів, основа відносин, матері¬альний фон відносин, результат відносин. В основі сімейних відносин (за В. Костівим) виокремлено: шлюб, кровну спорідненість, усиновлення, опіку, свояцтво. Подається визначення поняття сім’я та наводиться типологія нуклеарних сімей (за В. Костівим). Обгрунтовується необхідність включення в основу сімейних відносин такого її компоненту, як патронат.
Суспільний, педагогічний і синергетичний закони соціального розвитку особистості у процесі формування її громадянської культури
Authors: Kostiv Volodymyr
Published: March 2018

У статті охарактеризовано суспільний, педагогічний та синергетичний закони соціального розвитку особистості; обгрунтовано структуру громадянської кукльтури особи, окреслено динаміку функціонування механізму внтурішньої ціннісно-смислової регуляції громадянської поведінки особистості.
Наступність ігрових форм навчальної діяльності в умовах навчально-виховного комплексу “Школа – дошкільний заклад”
Authors: Zlotnitska Yuliia , Zakharasevych Nataliia
Published: March 2018

У статті проаналізовано проблему реалізації наступності ігрових форм навчальної діяльності в умовах навчально-виховного комплексу “Школа – дошкільний заклад”. Авторами наголошується на реалізації наступності ігрових форм навчальної діяльності в переході з дошкільного закладу до початкової школи. Проаналізовано питання наступності ігрових форм навчальної діяльності між дошкільним закладом і школою в історичному розрізі їх становлення і розвитку.
Мотивація процесу формування інтересу молодших школярів до іншомовної комунікативної діяльності
Authors: Marchii-Dmytrash Tamara
Published: March 2018

У статті обґрунтовано місце мотивації у формуванні інтересу молодших школярів до іншомовної комунікативної діяльності. Визначено, що одним із ефективних засобів формування мотивації та організації іншомовної діяльності в початковій школі є дидактична гра. Конкретизовано зміст поняття “іншомовна комунікативна діяльність”. Наведено зразки психокорекційних і комунікативно-ігрових вправ, які сприяли б формуванню інтересу до комунікативної іншомовної діяльності.
Удосконалення самостійної роботи студентів-перекладачів з урахуванням досвіду закладів вищої освіти США
Authors: Bidyuk Natalya , Nakonechna Alyona
Published: March 2018

У статті розглянуто напрями удосконалення організації самостійної роботи студентів-перекладачів на основі вивчення американського досвіду. У процесі дослідження проаналізовано різні моделі професійної компетентності перекладача. Ознайомились з веденням перекладацького бізнесу у США та програмами для його здійснення з допомогою комп’ютера, а саме так звані САТ технології. Не менш важливим складником навчального середовища для студентів є кадрові ресурси, тобто викладач як педагог, помічник, що супроводжує студента у процесі його самостійної роботи. Саме тому, доцільним при організації самостійної роботи студентів-перекладачів потрібно акцентування уваги на формуванні самостійності студентів та здатності до самоосвіти протягом усього професійного життя.
Корпоративне управління закладами вищої освіти в умовах її модернізації
Authors: Kondur Oksana
Published: March 2018

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність переходу до корпоративної моделі управління закладами вищої освіти.Розглянуто основні соціально-економічні проблеми корпоративного управління для закладів, які виникають в умовах сучасної модернізації освіти. Виокремлено фундамен-тальні елементи моделі ефективного корпоративного управління навчальними закладами. Визначено роль корпоративної культури в управлінні. Розвиток корпоративної культури є одним з найкращих показників, які сприяють досягненню високого рівня освіти та її якості.Відзначено, що демократизація управління підвищить конкурентоздатність вищих навчальних закладів.
Mitochondrial Recombination Reveals Mito–Mito Epistasis in Yeast
Authors: Wolters John F , Charron Guillaume , Gaspary Alec , Landry Christian R , Fiumera Anthony C , Fiumera Heather L
Published: March 2018

Genetic variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) provides adaptive potential although the underlying genetic architecture of fitness components within mtDNAs is not known. To dissect functional variation within mtDNAs, we first identified naturally occurring mtDNAs that conferred high or low fitness in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by comparing growth in strains containing identical nuclear genotypes but different mtDNAs. During respiratory growth under temperature and oxidative stress conditions, mitotype effects were largely independent of nuclear genotypes even in the presence of mito–nuclear interactions. Recombinant mtDNAs were generated to determine fitness components within high- and low-fitness mtDNAs. Based on phenotypic distributions of isogenic strains containing recombinant mtDNAs, we found that multiple loci contributed to mitotype fitness differences. These mitochondrial loci interacted in epistatic, nonadditive ways in certain environmental conditions. Mito–mito epistasis (i.e., nonadditive interactions between mitochondrial loci) influenced fitness in progeny from four different crosses, suggesting that mito–mito epistasis is a widespread phenomenon in yeast and other systems with recombining mtDNAs. Furthermore, we found that interruption of coadapted mito–mito interactions produced recombinant mtDNAs with lower fitness. Our results demonstrate that mito–mito epistasis results in functional variation through mitochondrial recombination in fungi, providing modes for adaptive evolution and the generation of mito–mito incompatibilities.
Bir Kur’ân Öğretim Modeli Olarak “3 Günde Kur’ân Öğreten Program”
Authors: Kaya Umut
Published: March 2018

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, hem Allah’ın vahyi olmasından hem de okunması ibadet kabul edildiğinden, İslâm’ın doğuşundan itibaren Müslümanlar tarafından öğretimine büyük önem verilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın temel konusu, bir Kur’ân-ı Kerîm öğretim faaliyeti olarak “3 Günde Kur’ân Öğreten Program”ıdır. Araştırma bu program hakkındaki anket verilerine ve gözlem sonuçlarına dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda program başlangıcından bitimine kadar gözlemlenmiş ve katılımcılara 27 sorudan oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, “3 Günde Kur’ân Öğreten Program” katılımcıların yaş, cinsiyet, öğretim seviyesi, sosyo-ekonomik durum, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm okuma seviyesi ve program hakkındaki düşünceleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Program sürecinde yapılan gözlemlere ve SPSS programında değerlendirilen anket sonuçlarına ve program sürecinde yapılan gözlemlere göre, “3 Günde Kur’ân Öğreten Program”ın Kur’ân-ı Kerîm öğretimi konusunda başarılı bir örnek olduğu söylenebilir. 
Oesophageal Injury During AF Ablation: Techniques for Prevention
Authors: Romero Jorge ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA, Avendano Ricardo ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA, Grushko Michael ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA, Diaz Juan Carlos ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA, Du Xianfeng ,   Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Zhejiang Sheng, China, Gianni Carola ,   Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St David’s Medical Center, Austin, USA, Natale Andrea ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA,   Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St David’s Medical Center, Austin, USA, Biase Luigi Di ,   Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA,   Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St David’s Medical Center, Austin, USA
Published: March 2018

Atrial fibrillation remains the most common arrhythmia worldwide, with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) being an essential component in the treatment of this arrhythmia. In view of the close proximity of the oesophagus with the posterior wall of the left atrium, oesophageal injury prevention has become a major concern during PVI procedures. Oesophageal changes varying from erythema to fistulas have been reported, with atrio-oesophageal fistulas being the most feared as they are associated with major morbidity and mortality. This review article provides a detailed description of the risk factors associated with oesophageal injury during ablation, along with an overview of the currently available techniques to prevent oesophageal injury. We expect that this state of the art review will deliver the tools to help electrophysiologists prevent potential oesophageal injuries, as well as increase the focus on research areas in which evidence is lacking.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Small Anatomy: Patient Selection and Technical Challenges
Authors: Nakashima Makoto ,   Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, Watanabe Yusuke ,   Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Published: March 2018

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a standard treatment for severe aortic stenosis. Although this technique has reached relative maturity, further optimisation of patient selection and device implantation is essential to improve prognosis. Smaller body size is a predictor of a challenging TAVI procedure due to specific anatomical difficulty and adverse events including annulus rupture, acute coronary obstruction and vascular complications. A newer generation, lower profile TAVI system is useful for patients with smaller anatomy. Moreover, TAVI is superior to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with a narrowing annulus because this treatement has a low incidence of prosthesis�patient mismatch.
Diabetes Drugs and Cardiovascular Event Reduction: A Paradigm Shift
Authors: Kelly Erik M , Cutlip Donald E
Published: March 2018

This review article summarizes the recent cardiovascular outcome data for sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues, which have been found to reduce cardiovascular events. We also detail the implications these new medications will have on clinical practice through a review of recent diabetes guidelines and cost-effectiveness data.
Information field for historical research
Authors: Sviatets Yurii Anatoliiovych
Published: March 2018

The article analyzes the main information collision of historical knowledge, which consists in physical inaccessibility of events and phenomena of the past as an object of historical science for a historian as an investigator. The aim of the research is to formulate and discuss a working hypothesis about the information field of historical science. The article provides an analytical background on the main ideas and approaches in the field of modern information field theory. The author carries out the projection of the main provisions of the information field theory on historical research. It is shown that the information field is a really existing information carrier that provides its acquisition, transportation, storage and visualization, as well as provides information and knowledge recorded in various forms, realizes cultural communications. One of the manifestations of such a culture is the sign systems, which determine certain contexts. Signs are characterized by polysemy. Despite artificial origin, semiotic reality is objective. Simultaneously, signs provide intellectual activity of people. Mental signs in the historical process of use by society acquire additional meanings, generating new symbols. Polysemy shapes the problem of epistemological uncertainty of two stages – identifying the problem and solving it. Historians as researchers resort to cognitive models, which, thanks to the translational function, ensure the transfer of information from the known to the unknown. One of the explanations of polysemy is the theory of conceptual integration, according to which the structures of the original mental spaces are projected onto a new, constructed, mental space – blend. This is the result of a personʼs intellectual ability to create new meanings on the basis of the available ones. Since signs and symbols are multi-valued, they form a multiplicity of retrospective scenarios of historical research at the stage of problem formulation. At the stage of its solution, the historian interacts actively with the information field, which consists in verifying empirical data of available scientific hypotheses. At this stage, the historian conducts heuristic, axiological and selection work, which results in the authorʼs version of the historiography.
Patronesses of the Orthodox Church from the prince's families of the Ukrainian lands of the Jagiellonian state in the 1st half of the 16th century
Authors: Bulanyi Mykola Yuriiovych
Published: March 2018

The article contains the evolution of the right of patronage using for example women-patronesses from princely families and using them patronage in presenting church lands and giving church positions at the first half of the 16th century at the reign of the Jagiellonian dynasty. Important position for building the image of patroness in Early Modern time was acted in interaction masculine and feminine natures, which were continued traditional community around of some important Church problems in that time. Beside this research was described whole developing of womenʼs patronage though of prism of family relatoins. That's why at women patronage the most ponderable was influence death of relatives or marriages. Also in the article was displayed the development of relationships between different kinds of patrons and described the role of women on the uses of patronage for improvement of Orthodox Church.
Between the imperial identity and national vocation: a generalized image of the Habsburg state official in Galicia (1848−1919)
Authors: Malanii Zinovii Mykhailovych
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the problem of the social status of the Habsburg state officials in Galicia in the time of 1848−1918. The author analyzes the main key-points of the imperial-class officials functions in the public space of the province. Further, the collaboration between the central authority and local political community is described in the context of absolutist reforms since the end of XVIIІ century. Significant emphasis was placed on the interpretation of management reforms of Joseph II and Franz Joseph. The «discourse» of the Galician officials – a faithful servant of the Emperor, and a supporter of his local nationality and interests, is singled out. Special attention was given to "personal" style of government in Galicia, its structure and constituent elements at the local level, describes the public status of the personality (stadtholder and bezirk governor on a background of legal competence and public expectations). Particular consideration is paid to significance of rituals (audience and official inspection) as a means of strengthening the power, support and encourage public authority among the population. Ethos of state officials analyzed according to official regulations and perceptions of provincial society as construction of peculiar behavior of ordinary officials, solved the role of education and public manners.
The processes of "re-education" of the scientific and historical environment of the Ukrainian SSR in the 1920s
Authors: Dubinska Kateryna Oleksandrivna
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the problem of total transformation of the scientific and historical environment of the Ukrainian SSR in the 1920s. The key issue of the article is establishment maximum control of ruling regime over the scientific environment of the Soviet Ukraine during the 1920s and the beginning of the transformation of this environment through the establishment of the Marxist ideological basis of the scientific system. The article also focuses on the "re-education" of scientific and pedagogical personnel and the ambiguous relationship between the "bourgeois" and the "red" professors. It is mentioned that the confrontation between the "bourgeois" professors and Marxist ideology was the consequence of the discovery of the so-called cultural front. The main stages of the relationship between the Bolsheviks and the Ukrainian intelligentsia are scrutinized in this article. Peculiarities of the conquest by the Bolsheviks of the scientific and historical environment of the NEP period are represented also. Teaching and supervising staff of the party-supported Ukrainian Institute of Marxism-Leninism and the Artem Communist University in Kharkiv are analyzed.
Leisure and holidays of participants of the movement of the OUN and UIA in Zakerzonnia 1943−1947
Authors: Prokopov Vadym Yuriiovych
Published: March 2018

The article deals with holidays and free time of participants of the movement of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the territory of Zakerzonnia (1943-1947). A brief review of historiography and historical sources are represented also. The author starts with telling about few theoretical remarks about leisure and holiday as phenomena of people's and societyʼs life. It is stressed that Ukrainian insurgents had small choice of free time. But even in wartime they were able to rest. It is emphasized that underground soldiers most of all enjoy to celebrate religious holidays, which reminded them the charm of childhood and family feasts. Main account of holidays and description of features of rebelʼs celebration are scrutinized too in this article. Certain attention is paid to the studying of patriotic holidays within the nationalist community. The author emphasizes that patriotic holidays in most cases have features of official ceremonies. In conclusion author says that holiday and leisure performed several important functions in the insurgents' life.
Institute of the Soviet Advisors in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Authors: Kovalkov Oleksandr Leonidovych
Published: March 2018

А role and place of soldiery and civil advisers as an important instrument of soviet politics in the Democratic republic of Afghanistan are investigated in the article. It is well-proven that on a quantity, scales of activity and sphere of plenary powers the institute of soviet advisers in Afghanistan did not have analogues in history of the "cold war". The attempt of determination of degree of efficiency of realization of orders of soviet guidance by advisers is realizable. Factors that influenced on their activity are found out. Question about responsibility of soviet advisers for the failure of socialistic experiment in the Democratic republic of Afghanistan discussed in the article. Also heaved up the problem of interpretation of institute of the soviet advisers as an important instrument of the soviet occupation Afghanistan in 1979–1989. The researches based foremost on the memoirs of the soviet advisers. Like research is at first carried out in Ukrainian historiography.
Aum Shinrikyo – a religious sect or a modern terrorist organization?
Authors: Diachenko Olha Volodymyrivna , Shaparenko Roman Leonidovych
Published: March 2018

This article examines the history of the Japanese totalitarian sect Aum Shinrikyo. Characteristics of the biography of its founder is given. The main aspects of religious teaching, based on the expectations of the Judgment Day and the salvation of mankind thanks to Aum, were clarified and determined. The activity of the organization in Russia has been analyzed and the terrorist actions of Aum Shinrikyo members themselves have been covered.
M. S. Hrushevsky as an Old East Slavic chronicles researcher
Authors: Voronov Viktor Ivanovych
Published: March 2018

The author analyzes scientific studies of M. S. Hrushevsky, which directly or indirectly are connected with Old East Slavic chronicles characteristics as specific historical sources. The article determines famous scientistʼs conceptual approaches to such topics as chronicles texts' attribution, determination of the content authenticity, information capabilities to investigate the history of the Kievan Rus'. It is ascertained, what are the main problematic issues, discrepancies, thematic and conceptual lacunae according to the M. Hrushevsky were the obstacle while researching Old East Slavic chronicles as a sources complex in the Ukrainian historiography of 20th century. The most weighty contribution was made by M. S. Hrushevsky to the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle studies. He reconstructed in depth the chronology of Galician-Volhynian Chronicle, and proved that this chronicle was firstly composed as a narrative ignoring dates. Only later some-one filled out the dates while editing the text, but "in a very random and false way". The author of the article makes a conclusion that in general M. Hrushevsky has described Old East Slavic chronicles as a "golden age of Kievan Rus' culture". However, only poor fragments of the chronicleʼs tradition remained by the turn of 20th century, being interrupted by the Mongol invasion. That's why the scientist warned historians against attributing the Old East Slavic chronicles with irrelevant "significant forms", since as reported in his researches there werenʼt enough sources to make such conclusions. The article demonstrates that the most typical features of the chronicles according to M. Hrushevsky were: significant impact of the Christian ideology, symptomatic loyalty to "knyaz-druzhina" system (governing classes in Kievan Rus'), content originality and stylistic ingenuousness, predominating collectivity and anonymity of the authorship. It is stated that Ukrainian historian has also defined main challenges for future researchers of Old East Slavic chronicles as historical sources. These challenges are aimed at the reconstruction of chronicles initial look (deprived of following supplements) through the comparison study of different collections and fragments.
The cause of Arseniy Matseevich as an "indicator" of the ideology of the church conservatism at the Catherinian age: historiographical aspect
Authors: Rudnev Mykhailo Albertovych
Published: March 2018

On the materials of the historico-biographical treatises and furthermore the generalizing and monographic works in history of the Russian Orthodox Church and the social and political thought the historiographical appraisals and treatments of the ideological content and motivation of the church opposition to the Catherine's II policy led by metropolitan of Rostov Arseniy Matseevich is examined. This problematico-historiographical review is realized in the context of the Russian conservatismʼs origins and development from its initial oppositional version to the posterior incarnation. The Russian Pre-October and émigré "secular" historians (V. S. Ikonnikov, A. V. Kartashev) appraised Arseniy Matseevichʼs struggle against the secularization church estates decreed by Catherine II as the manifestation of the class economical egoism of the highest clergy only. These authors denied any "ideal" (spiritual and ideological) motives of his opposition to the Catherinian policy. Contrary to this viewpoint in the apologistical treatise about Arseniy Matseevich published in 1912 the priest M. S. Popov represented him as the principal ideological fighter for the Church's independence of the Catherinian absolutist regime. The Soviet historiography and the majority of the contemporary Russian historians assertes the "class egoistical" economical motivation of Arseniy Matseevichʼs opposition to the Catherinian politics and confronted his oppositional church conservatism with its "system" version personified by the metropolitan of Moscow Platon (Levshin).
Carta editorial
Authors: Ocampo Álvarez Ángel
Published: March 2018

Se presenta el segundo número del octavo volumen de la Revista humanidades. En este se incluyen diez trabajos, los cuales integran dos secciones.
Diversidad y distribución de peces y su relación con variables ambientales, en el sur del Golfo de México
Authors: Torrruco Daniel , González Alicia , González Ángel Torruco
Published: March 2018

The Campeche Sound has a high heterogeneity of habitats, great fish species diversity, and a strong presence of oil and fishing industries. Even though some information of bento-demersal fish of the area is available, this has been focused on some economically important species. This way, our objective of this study was to obtain the ichthyofaunal spatial distribution and its relationship with this study were were to obtain updated information on a complete local fish species spatial distribution and their relationship with environmental elements, this will improve the baseline to evaluate the potential impact of future oil and fishing developments. For this, our approach used a database obtained in 2010, with a capture made in 54 sites with standard shrimp fishing trawls (60 feet long x 1¼ in. mesh size; towing time 30 min, 2 knots; 19 to 600 m depth) in the Campeche Sound. Our data analysis included: dominance, diversity, equity, assemblies, spatial management and a landscape representation of the area. We collected a total of 33 315 fish, of 80 families, 138 genera and 193 species, that corresponded to 2 502 438 kg. The fish classes Chondrichthyes and Actinopterygii predominated. A total of 17 were dominant, associated to sandy and muddy bottoms, although were species of estuarine environments, reef and pelagic habitats. Averaged diversity (H') was of 3.2 bits/individuals. In decreasing diversity order, the common fish belong to Perciformes (84 species), Pleuronectiformes (23), Scorpaeniformes (15) and Tetraodontiformes (14); in the same way, the higher richness families were Sciaenidae (15 species), Paralichthyidae (12), Carangidae (10), and Triglidae and Synodontidae (7). Most common genuses were Prionotus (6 species), Citharichthys and Sphoeroides (4 each). Per each station, richness varied between 3 and 56 species, with an average weight of 46 kg. Fish assemblage composition was different among habitats and areas, with divergent management strategies. Landscape analysis defines nodules of high density and diversity that corresponded to river mouths, lagoons and reef areas fish assemblages. Of the relation between variables and community descriptors, only the organic carbon was significant for both abundance and biomass, the REDOX for the species richness and the other variables were not important.