bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with pulmonary complications in childhood: a retrospective study.
Authors: Luo Xue qin , Luo Jian , Wang Chong jie , Luo Zhengxiu , Zou Lin , Liu Enmei , Xie Xiao hong
Published: August 2019

Background Incidence of severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) reported in China was increasing in the last decade. We aimed to evaluate clinical features in pediatric SMPP with pulmonary complications according to laboratory test and chest radiographic resolution patterns.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 93 SMPP patients between January 2016 and December 2018, and they were grouped by pneumonia pattern: pulmonary complication group (63 patients) and extensive lung lesion without pulmonary complication group (30 patients).Results SMPP patients of pleural effusion and necrotizing pneumonia showed longer fever duration, high serum value of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer and LDH to albumin ratio (LAR). LAR and D-dimer were associated with moderate and massive pleural effusion,and D-dimer was associated with lung necrosis. The average time of radiographic resolution in pulmonary complication group was 12 weeks, and those with elevated D-dimer were significantly more likely to have longer time to radiographic clearance.Conclusions M. pneumoniae pneumonia patients with pleural effusion or lung necrosis were more severe than those without pulmonary complication, LAR and D-dimer might be used as parameters to identify susceptible children of pleural effusion or lung necrosis and longer time to radiographic clearance among patients with SMPP.
Percentage fat fraction in magnetic resonance imaging: Upgrading the osteoporosis-detecting parameter
Authors: Chang Rong , Ma Xiaowen , Jiang Yonghong , Huang Dageng , Chen Xiujin , Zhang Ming , Hao Dingjun
Published: August 2019

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a common metabolic bone disorder and orthopedic imaging approaches were commonly used with some limitations. The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance 1-H MRS and m-Dixon-Quant in the evaluation of osteoporosis Methods: We enrolled 76 subjects and used a quantitative computed tomography (QCT) technique to determine the subjects’ bone mineral density (BMD). Those with a BMD >120 mg/cm 3 were categorized as the normal control; those with a BMD ranging from 80–120 mg/cm 3 were classified as having osteopenia; and those with a BMD <80 mg/cm 3 were diagnosed as having OP. The following parameters were recorded for each patient: sex, age, body height, body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Simultaneously, the FF% values from 1-H MRS examinations and m-Dixon-Quant scans were acquired. Results: In both 1-H MRS and m-Dixon-Quant MRI, the FF% exhibited a negative correlation with BMD. Among the different groups, the OP patients had a significantly higher FF% compared to healthy subjects. In addition, the FF% in the m-Dixon scans exhibited a positive correlation with age, while BMD showed a negative linear relationship with age. Further, females had a higher FF% compared to males, and body height was correlated with BMD but not with FF%. Conclusions: MRI investigations (especially FF% in the m-Dixon-Quant imaging system) are useful in OP assessments. Also, parameters such as sex, age, and height are important factors for predicting and diagnosing OP.
Factors associated with delays in the search for care in neonatal and child deaths in Yucatan, Mexico, 2015–2016
Authors: Hernandez Bernardo , Angulo Elsa Rodríguez , Palmisano Erin B , Ojeda Ricardo , Ojeda Rafael , Andueza Maria Guadalupe , Johnson Louisa M , Chen Alan , Johanns Casey , Neal Marquez , Kamath Aruna M , Camarda Joseph , Flaxman Abraham
Published: August 2019

Background Reducing neonatal and child mortality is a top priority for global health agendas and relies in part on the degree to which the population can access quality health services in a timely manner. This study explores the delays faced during the search for care by caregivers of children under the age of 5 who died in the State of Yucatan, Mexico, during 2015–2016 using the three delays framework as a way to identify bottlenecks and areas susceptible to intervention to reduce these deaths.Methods Cross-sectional study of all children under 5 years of age who died in the State of Yucatan, Mexico, during 2015 – 2016. Information on delays was obtained through household interviews with the caregiver of the child.Results Among 298 cases of children who experienced a health problem and searched for care, 252 had complete information for the study. Over 61% of those children visited more than one facility to seek care and had long times to start seeking care. The beginning of the search for care process was shorter when mothers or caregivers sought care initially at a public facility, and when some symptoms like coughing, lethargy, or rash were detected in the child. The second delay, travel time to facilities, was longer in children enrolled in Seguro Popular as compared to children covered by other forms of social security. Finally, the third delay, waiting time to be seen in the facility, was more common in public facilities that are not hospitals, and more common among children who also experienced a long travel time.Conclusions The results suggest that health promotion actions to reduce the time to search for care when facing a health problem and providing resources to mothers and caregivers to access health services in a timely manner may reduce these delays. This information can help in the planning of health services and improve their impact on population health.
Does health insurance matters to the use of health service for elderly in urban China? A nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Mao Wenhui , Zhang Yaoguang , Xu Ling , Miao Zhiwen , Dong Di , Tang Shenglan
Published: August 2019

Background China’s rapidly aging population is raising many challenges for the delivery and financing of health care. The Urban Residents Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) has provided financial protection for the urban elderly population not covered by other health insurance schemes since 2007. We conducted a national level assessment to measure on the perceived health needs of this population as well as their use of health services. Methods Data on individuals over the age of 60 were extracted from two National Health Service Surveys conducted in 2008 and 2013. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate associations of socioeconomic factors and perceived health needs with the use of health services while controlling for demographic characteristics and year of survey. Findings Perceived health needs increased significantly between 2008 and 2013, regardless of insurance enrollment, age group or income level. In 2013, over 75% of individuals reported having at least one Non-communicable disease (NCD). Outpatient services decreased for those without insurance but increased for those with insurance. Middle- and high-income groups with insurance experienced a faster growth in outpatient visits and hospital admissions than the low-income group. Proportion of forgone hospital admissions, and proportion of forgone hospital admissions due to financial difficulties decreased. Yet there were still over 20% elderly forgone necessary hospital admissions, among which more than 40% were caused by financial barriers in 2013. Multivariate regression models found an increase of outpatient visits and hospital admissions from 2008 to 2013 when controlling for socioeconomic and health need factors. Conclusion Perceived health needs among the elderly increased at an alarming rate, and results showed a high prevalence of NCDs. Use of overall services increased and forgone necessary admissions decreased after the implementation of URBMI, indicating the improvement of access to health services. However, high-income groups had the highest increase in service use calling for further attention to issues related to equity. The service benefit packages offered by health insurance schemes should provide more support to the care of NCD patients.
Estimating the Students’ Skill in Reciting and Writing Alqur’an at Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo
Authors: Otaya Lian G. , Anwar Herson , Husain Rahmin Talib
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to estimate the instrument of reading and writing capability of the Qur’an  in the practicum program students of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. This type of research is quantitative with an analysis approach to the generalization theory variance through the G-Study concept with a multifacet design p x r x I three facet variations. The results of the study prove the instrument of reading and reading ability of the Koran was tested, namely the estimated coefficient of reliability of the combined scores of the reading and writing assessment of the Koran from 20 students who were rated by 4 rater of 10 items which were judged by the magnitude of generalizability coefficient value of 0.82749 . The magnitude of this value indicates that the true score of the assessment results is quite high compared to the minimum reliability criteria, which is 0.70 fulfilling the reliable criteria.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengestimasi instrument kemampuan baca tulis alqur’an  pada program praktikum baca tulis Alqur’an mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis varians teori generalisibilitas melalui konsep G-Study dengan desain multifacet p x r x I tiga variasi facet. Hasil penelitian membuktikan instrumen penilaian kemampuan baca tulis al-Qur’an teruji, yakni estimasi koefisien reliabilitas skor gabungan penilaian kemampuan baca tulis Alqur’an dari 20 mahasiswa yang dinilai oleh 4 rater terhadap 10 item yang dinilai diperoleh besarnya nilai koefisien generalizabilitas sebesar 0,82749. Besaran nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa true score hasil penilaian cukup tinggi  dibandingkan kriteria reliabilitas minimal yaitu 0,70 memenuhi kriteria reliabel.
Basic Theory of Islamic Education Management
Authors: Danusiri Danusiri
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to find the principles  science about the management of Islamic education. The realization of this principles are collection of various concepts, propositions, and theoretical theory (basic  theory) on tahlili interpretation of a number of verses of the Qur'an or the syarah hadith tahlili to find the compound between the interpretation of verses or syarah hadiths with nomenclatures in concept, proposition, and theory of science of management of Islamic education. The result found 13 main principles of content and basic  theory of Islamic education management namely : first, Islamic Education Planning is long-term planning until hereafter; Second, Manager responsibility that each action is asked accountability ; ThirdThe organizing principle is every functionary in an institution must be loyal to the top leader in the implementation of the task, etc.

Abstrak
 Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan prinsip sains tentang manajemen pendidikan Islam. Realisasi prinsip-prinsip ini adalah kumpulan berbagai konsep, dalil, dan teori teoritis (teori dasar) tentang tafsir tahlili sejumlah ayat Al-Qur'an atau hadits syarah tahlili untuk menemukan senyawa antara tafsir ayat atau hadis syarah. dengan nomenklatur dalam konsep, proposisi, dan teori sains manajemen pendidikan Islam. Hasilnya menemukan 13 prinsip utama isi dan teori dasar manajemen pendidikan Islam yaitu: pertama, Perencanaan Pendidikan Islam adalah perencanaan jangka panjang sampai akhirat; Kedua, tanggung jawab Manajer bahwa setiap tindakan diminta pertanggungjawaban; Ketiga. Prinsip pengorganisasian adalah setiap pejabat dalam suatu institusi harus loyal kepada pemimpin puncak dalam pelaksanaan tugas, dll.
Uma utilidade para o reconhecimento de topónimos em documentos medievais
Authors: Canosa Xavier , Gamallo Pablo , Varela Xavier , Taboada José Ángel , Martínez Lema Paulo , Garcia Marcos
Published: August 2019

Este artigo apresenta o método de construção duma ferramenta para a anotação de entidades geográficas mencionadas em textos medievais. A nova ferramenta foi desenvolvida a partir dos módulos de língua contemporânea do LinguaKit, pacote multilingue de ferramentas de PLN. Uma coleção de corpora anotados manualmente serviu de recurso para elaborar uma lista de topónimos medievais (gazetteers) e observar padrões para a melhora e implementação de novas regras de reconhecimento dos nomes de lugar. Depois da lista de entidades geográficas, os ativadores contextuais (triggers) foram o recurso determinante na melhora da abrangência. Para o produto final, fizeram-se também ajustes menores na procura de recolher os elementos mais comuns do léxico e os contextos gramaticais das entidades geográficas mencionadas. Ainda que muito trabalho fica por fazer na elaboração de listas para entidades não geográficas, na construção dum modelo de língua medieval e um lexicon específico, o novo módulo pode ser utilizado para anotar textos e mostra uma melhora significativa a respeito dos módulos previamente existentes.
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CONNECTING ALKALINE ACTIVATION USING CEMENT DUST
Authors: Aliev S. A. , Murtazayevа R. S.-A. , Salamanova M. Sh.
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesIn the process of firing Portland cement clinker in electrostatic precipitators, in rotary kilns, a large amount of harmful substances, both clinker and aspiration, accumulates, therefore rational use of these products leads to certain shares of a full-fledged river resource, which are derived from industrial cement. It should be noted that the reuse of dust electrostatic precipitators is impossible.

MethodThe basis for obtaining durable and more resource-efficient composites is based on modern technological methods that contribute to the improvement of technical and physicomechanical properties, with the integrated application of technogenic raw materials and liquid sodium binder.

ResultThe basis for obtaining durable and more resource-efficient composites is based on modern technological methods that contribute to the improvement of technical and physicomechanical properties, with the integrated application of technogenic raw materials and liquid sodium binder.

ConclusionThe developed clinker-free binder formulations using the cement industry wastes and sodium-based sludge glass will make it possible to produce less expensive, durable, and durable composites that will partially replace traditional concrete with expensive portland cement.
CALCULATION MODEL OF SOLID PARTICLES MOTION IN NATURAL TURBULENT FLOWS
Authors: Magomedova M. R.
Published: August 2019

Objectives Improving the model of movement of solid particles in natural turbulent flows.

Method The improvement of knowledge about the structure of water flows and the nature of channel processes has led to the development of views on sediment movement as a stochastic process due to the random nature of the factors causing it: natural-climatic and hydrological conditions, variability of the physical and mechanical properties of soils, and turbulence of water streams. In this regard, the methods of probability theory and the theory of random processes were used to construct the model of sediment movement.

Result Based on the studies, a mathematical model of the reformation of natural channels was established by an unsteady flow, which provides a more complete, in comparison with existing domestic and foreign counterparts, consideration of factors affecting the flow of channel-forming sediments. The analysis of mathematical models of the movement of solid particles in the water stream showed that the physical nature of the transport of channel-forming sediments is more consistent with the model based on the parameters of the trajectories of solid particles, namely, lengths, heights and transport time (jumps) of bottom and suspended sediments and their concentration in the stream. Such a model is implemented by integrating averaged equations and vortex formations using a mathematical apparatus.

Conclusion The calculated model of the movement of solid particles is implemented in the algorithmic language Fortran Power Station and tested on the basis of field and experimental studies in a wide range of hydraulic flow characteristics and physical and mechanical characteristics of channel soils.
Comparación bajo pastoreo con bovinos machos de ceba de cuatro especies de gramíneas del género Brachiaria
Authors: Cuadrado C. Hugo , Torregroza S. Lino , Jiménez M. Nora
Published: August 2019

En una finca localizada en el municipio de Montería, departamento de Córdoba, se evaluó el comportamiento animal en cuatro ecotipos de especies del género Brachiaria : B. brizantha CIAT 26110, B. brizantha CIAT 16322, B. brizantha cv Marandú y B. decumbens . Se utilizó semilla sexual para sembrar una hectárea de cada material, dividiéndose en dos potreros para ser manejados en sistema de pastoreo alterno de 24 días de descanso y 24 días de ocupación. En cada accesión se estimo el rendimiento de materia seca y la relación hoja/tallo a la entrada de los animales. En muestras de cada ecotipo fueron analizadas el contenido de proteína bruta, fibra en detergente neutro (FDN), fibra en detergente ácido (FDA) y la digestibilidad In Situ por 48 horas. En la época de lluvias, a los 24 días de rebrote, la producción de materia seca fue de 3534 kg/ha, 3192 kg/ha, 2684 kg/ha y 1916 kg/ha, respectivamente para B. brizantha CIAT 26110, B. decumbens , B. brizantha CIAT 16322 y B. brizantha cv Marandú, en este mismo orden, durante la época seca, a los 24 días de rebrote, los rendimientos fueron 1184 kg/ha, 950 kg/ha, 710 kg/ha y 1400kg/ha. La calidad nutritiva de los diferentes ecotipos estuvo dentro del rango de esta especies, según revisión hecha por Lascano y Euclides (1998). La ganancia de peso por animal, en una primera evaluación de 168 días (octubre a marzo), con 2 animales de carga por hectárea, fue de 1.255 kg/animal/día, 1.07 kg/animal/día, 071 kg/animal/día y 1.0 kg/animal/día, respectivamente para CIAT 16322, CIAT 26110, cv Marandú y B. decumbens . En una segunda evaluación con duración de 120 días (julio a noviembre) la ganancia de peso por animal fue de 0.51 kg/animal/día, 0.610 kg/animal/día, 0.57 kg/animal/día y 0.700 kg/animal/día, para los ecotipos CIAT 16322, CIAT 26110, cv Marandú y B. decumbens , respectivamente con una carga de 3, 5, 2 y 3 animales por hectárea.
Sincronización de la ovulación e inseminación artificial en búfalas a tiempo fijo
Authors: Angulo Alex , Muñoz Luz , González Marco , Álvarez Luz Dary
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficiencia en la inducción y sincronización de la ovulación en búfalas frente al uso de dos tratamientos, teniendo en cuenta para ello la tasa de preñez (TP). Se conformaron dos grupos homogéneos de 18 animales cada uno. Posteriormente, se le asignó al azar a cada grupo uno de los siguientes tratamientos: Grupo I: Inyección intramuscular de 150 mg de PGF2a (día –12). Grupo II: inyección intramuscular de 2 ml de solución salina (día –12). Después de esto los animales de los 2 grupos recibieron tratamiento por el método «Ovsynch» (GnRH/PGF2a/GnRH): Inyección intramuscular de 50 mg de GnRH sintética (día 0). Inyección intramuscular de PGF2a, (día 7). Inyección intramuscular de 50 mg de GnRH sintética (día 9). Todos los animales recibieron inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF) a las 16 horas después de la última inyección de GnRH. El diagnostico de preñez por palpación rectal se realizó a los 50 días después de la IATF. La TP total en las búfalas fue de 55.6%. La TP para los animales del Grupo II fue de 44.4% y para los animales del Grupo I fue de 66.7%. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las tasas de preñez obtenidas con los dos tratamientos (p > 0.05). No obstante, se observó una diferencia numérica de 22 puntos porcentuales que equivalen al 50% de diferencia entre los dos tratamientos a favor del protocolo Ovsynch modificado.
Modelo de producción de dos toneladas de carne por hectárea año en el valle del sinú.
Authors: Torregroza Lino , Palomino Miguel , González Marco , Salgado Roger , Gómez Uriel
Published: August 2019

En una finca localizada en el municipio de Cereté, departamento de Córdoba, se evaluó técnica y económicamente un modelo de producción proyectado para producir dos toneladas de carne por hectárea año. Para el efecto, en una pradera sembrada con pasto estrella ( Cynodon nlemfuensis ) de dos hectáreas se estableció un sistema rotacional de 4 potreros, manejados con 15 días de descanso y 5 de ocupación con una carga de 7 animales/ hectárea, con peso inicial de 131 kilos, suplementados durante la época de lluvias con 0.5 kilos/animal/día de semilla de algodón y en el período seco con ensilaje de maíz o de sorgo sudax, balanceado con 0.3% de urea más 1.0 ó 1.5 kilos de semilla de algodón con salvado de arroz. La evaluación tuvo una duración de 365 días (31-05-02 al 31-05-03). Durante la época de lluvias (224 días) los animales obtuvieron una ganancia diaria promedia de 0.912 kilos/animal/día, mientras que en la época seca (141 días) alcanzaron un promedio de 0.567 kilos/animal/día, para un promedio diario durante los 365 días de 0.777 kilos/animal/día. La ganancia promedia diaria por hectárea fue de 5.45 kilos lo que resultó en una ganancia de 1.988 kilos por hectárea año, muy próximo al objetivo planteado. El análisis económico, incluyendo en el rubro de gastos el alquiler de la tierra y los intereses al capital, arrojó una utilidad líquida por hectárea / año de $1.541.176. Se concluyó que es posible la producción de dos toneladas de carne por hectárea año bajo las condiciones del valle del Sinú y que además, el modelo propuesto es susceptible de ser mejorado en las estrategias alimenticias durante la época seca y la disponibilidad de pasto en el período de lluvias a fin de incrementar la rentabilidad.
Incidencia del período de manejo de la primera alimentación con nauplios de Artemia sp. en el desempeño de la larvicultura del bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae Steindeachner, 1878).
Authors: Wadnipar C. Lina , Narváez Ll. Ana , Atencio G. Víctor
Published: August 2019

Con el propósito de determinar el período mínimo necesario de manejo de la primera alimentación del bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae ) se realizó un experimento evaluando diferentes períodos de alimentación con nauplios de Artemia sp. (Instar I por 1 (T1), 3 (T2), 5 (T3) y 7 días (T4) a partir del
inicio de su alimentación exògena, en el Centro de Investigación Piscícola de la Universidad de Córdoba (CINPIC), entre el 18 de agosto y el 30 de septiembre de 2001. Se determinaron la sobrevivencia, el crecimiento y la calidad de la postlarva al final de cada período. Esta última variable se evaluó mediante una prueba de resistencia al estrés. No se observó diferencias significativas en la sobrevivencia final entre los diferentes tratamientos; la cual osciló entre 86.0 ± 9.8% (T1) y 91.1 ± 7.7% (T2). Las postlarvas alimentadas por 7 días presentaron la mejor ganancia en peso (5.3 ± 3.8 mg) y ganancia en longitud (2.8 ± 1.6 mm). Las postlarvas alimentadas entre 3 y 5 días no presentaron diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso (P>0.05), mientras que la tasa de crecimiento específico (G) osciló entre 17.1 (T3) y 22.3%/día (T2), sin observarse diferencias significativas (P>0.05). Las postlarvas alimentadas durante 3, 5 y 7 días presentaron las mejores sobrevivencias (T2 = 92 ± 6.2; T3 = 93.3 ± 4.3; T4 = 95.6 ± 3.9, respectivamente) cuando fueron sometidas a la prueba de resistencia al estrés. Las postlarvas alimentadas por un solo día mostraron la menor sobrevivencia al ser sometidas a esta prueba (T1, 87 ± 1%). Los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que el bocachico debe alimentarse por lo menos durante tres días con Nauplios de Artemisa sp . en condiciones controladas, debido a los adecuados valores de sobrevivencia, crecimiento y viabilidad de la misma logrados durante este período.
Reduction of Medicine of PD’s Patients to Reduce Side Effects of Medicine and Brain Disorder Effects Using Crashing of Precedence Relationship Process of Operational Research (Preprint)
Authors: Hussain Mohammad Rashid
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Case of a Parkinson’s disease (PD’s). PD’s is caused by a decreased production of dopamine. It is progressive which means it develops gradually over a long period of time. It’s a neurodegenerative condition that’s caused by a loss of nerve cells in a certain part of the brain. People suffering from Parkinson’s disease can try something new, make a list of small tasks and complete them can help their body produce the dopamine it needs, and that reduce some symptoms of PD’s. There is no cure, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms. So while eating the right food and considering a lifestyle certainly cannot offset the effects of Parkinson’s disease entirely, a recommended diet and lifestyle can support their body’s ability to produce dopamine and combat symptoms of the disease.

OBJECTIVE

This study was undertaken with aim to investigate the effects of Crashing. The objective of study is to reduce the quantity of medicine while minimizing effect of neurodegenerative brain disorder.

METHODS

The concept of crashing is the method for minimizing the side effects by reducing one or more critical order of medicine to decrease their normal quantity of medicine. Critical order of medicine is an order of medicine in which the sequence of order of medicine which add up to longest overall quantity of medicine. This determines the less quantity of medicine possible to reduce the neurodegenerative disorder effect.

RESULTS

A medicine consists of interrelated relationship which is to be related in a certain order before the entire order of medicine is completed. The medicine is represented in a form of interrelated logical sequence which is known as precedence relationship diagram for the purpose of analytical treatment to get the solution for reducing the amount of medicine and controlling the side effects of distinct medicine. When we speedup the activity, the crash effect of medicine will be higher when compare to normal effect of medicine to find the optimal crashed quantity of medicine to reduce movement disorder.

CONCLUSIONS

When speedup the activity, the normal quantity of medicine can be reduced to crash quantity of medicine. People suffering from Parkinson’s disease can do the following activity to increase their dopamine levels: Try something new, Make a list of small tasks and complete them, Avoid foods with excess fat and sugar, try to maintain a balanced diet that contains adequate protein, vitamins and minerals, Listen to music you enjoy, get enough sleep , do yoga and Exercise regularly can help their body produce the dopamine it needs, and that reduce some symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. No food or diet can serve as a cure for Parkinson’s disease. But eating certain foods can help to minimize symptoms and help them to get the most out of their medication.
Clinical Annotation Research Kit (CLARK): Computable Phenotyping Using Machine Learning (Preprint)
Authors: Pfaff Emily R , Crosskey Miles , Morton Kenneth , Krishnamurthy Ashok
Published: August 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

Computable phenotypes are algorithms that translate clinical features into code that can be run against electronic health record (EHR) data to define patient cohorts. However, computable phenotypes that only make use of structured EHR data do not capture the full richness of a patient’s medical record. While natural language processing (NLP) methods have shown success in extracting clinical features from text, the use of such tools has generally been limited to research groups with substantial NLP expertise. Our goal was to develop an open-source phenotyping software, Clinical Annotation Research Kit (CLARK), that would enable clinical and translational researchers to use machine learning–based NLP for computable phenotyping without requiring deep informatics expertise. CLARK enables nonexpert users to mine text using machine learning classifiers by specifying features for the software to match in clinical notes. Once the features are defined, the user-friendly CLARK interface allows the user to choose from a variety of standard machine learning algorithms (linear support vector machine, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, decision tree, and random forest), cross-validation methods, and the number of folds (cross-validation splits) to be used in evaluation of the classifier. Example phenotypes where CLARK has been applied include pediatric diabetes (sensitivity=0.91; specificity=0.98), symptomatic uterine fibroids (positive predictive value=0.81; negative predictive value=0.54), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (sensitivity=0.90; specificity=0.94), and primary ciliary dyskinesia (sensitivity=0.88; specificity=1.0). In each of these use cases, CLARK allowed investigators to incorporate variables into their phenotype algorithm that would not be available as structured data. Moreover, the fact that nonexpert users can get started with machine learning–based NLP with limited informatics involvement is a significant improvement over the status quo. We hope to disseminate CLARK to other organizations that may not have NLP or machine learning specialists available, enabling wider use of these methods.
Las cuatro etapas discursivas que dan cuenta de una evolución en la ideología oficial respecto al tema energético en México
Authors: Velázquez Yáñez Axel
Published: August 2019

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Geostrategic Visions on the South Atlantic: Brazil and Colombia, a Comparative Approach
Authors: Da Silva Guevara Gisela
Published: August 2019

[Visiones geoestratégicas del Atlántico Sur: Brasil y Colombia, un enfoque comparativo]

ABSTRACT

This article seeks to analyze the different approaches that Brazil and Colombia have had to date on the geostrategic importance of the South Atlantic, emphasizing the differences that the ocean has had for their respective conceptions of nation and their insertion in the South American region. It argues and concludes that while Brazil seeks leadership in South America by emphasizing its role as promoter of an integral autonomizing2 conception that articulates development, defense and regional security, Colombia prioritizes its role as a reference in the fight against transnational crime, positioning itself as a Middle Oceanic Power.

RESUMEN

Este artículo busca analizar los diferentes enfoques que Brasil y Colombia han tenido hasta la fecha sobre la importancia geoestratégica del Atlántico Sur, destacando las diferencias que ha tenido el océano para su respectiva concepción del país y su inserción en la región de América del Sur. Se argumenta y concluye que mientras Brasil busca el liderazgo en esta zona a través de un énfasis en su papel como promotor de una concepción autónoma integral para el Atlántico Sur que articula el desarrollo, la defensa y la seguridad regional, Colombia a su vez prioriza su papel en la región como referencia en la lucha contra la delincuencia transnacional, posicionándose como una potencia oceánica media.
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP: MILLENNIAL LEADERSHIP STYLE IN INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Suyanto Umar Yeni , Mu’ah Mu’ah , Purwanti Ika , Sayyid Mokhtar
Published: August 2019

This article analyzes how transformational leadership roles reflect the character of the millennial generation in the fourth industrial revolution. As the development of technology advances rapidly, people take advantages of it not only for education and research development but also for need fulfillment. In industry 4.0, technological competition seems to have great impact on company performance. The data obtained from the Ministry of Communication and Information show that the growth of online retail business in Indonesia was relatively high (36%) from year 2010 to 2013. The rate was twice higher than that of The Phillipine’s and Malaysia’s, even 3.5 times higher than Singapore’s. The number of Internet users in 2014 was 83.6 millions, which showed approximately 33% growth rate in Internet penetration. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) reports that 50% of workers in Indonesia are less than 30 years old. In other words, the millennials are mostly active workers who have constant access to information and technology. This is a library research gathering and analyzing information from related references and theories, which have become the basic foundation and sources in analyzing problems in this research. The results revealed that transformational leadership can be improved and optimized by implementing the four primary factors, namely idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, inspirational stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Impertinências entre trabalho, formação docente e o referencial de competências
Authors: Da Silva Monica Ribeiro
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo nos propomos a problematizar o referencial com base em competências na definição dos currículos da formação de professores. Fazemos, inicialmente, uma análise dessa abordagem situando sua origem no campo do trabalho em geral. Em seguida, discutimos a relação entre BNCC, formação de professores e o modelo de competências, considerando a experiência brasileira e sua retomada nos documentos atuais de políticas curriculares. Concluímos pela impertinência desse referencial, considerando, sobretudo, seu caráter economicista e reducionista.
Optimal management of vegetation maintenance and the associated costs of its implementation in overhead power distribution systems
Authors: Correa-Tamayo Johan S. , Arias Londoño Andrés , Granada-Echeverri Mauricio
Published: August 2019

Network operators work constantly to maintain an appropriate level of reliability in their power supply and to preserve the integrity of the vegetation growing underneath overhead power distribution systems. Accordingly, this article proposes and adopts different approaches to optimally manage vegetation maintenance in such field. Mathematical modeling is used to represent the problem in terms of several aspects involved in vegetation management, based on the technical capacity of the utility company and the reliability goals established by governmental regulatory entities. The solution is a vegetation maintenance schedule in terms of when, where, and which crews must perform the pruning activities along the distribution network. As a result, the Non-Served Energy Level NSEL is minimized and the financial resources earmarked for this type of maintenance tasks are optimized.
Classification of Hass avocado (persea americana mill) in terms of its ripening via hyperspectral images
Authors: Pinto Jhon , Rueda-Chacón Hoover , Arguello Henry
Published: August 2019

The use of non-invasive and low-cost methodologies allows the monitoring of fruit ripening and quality control, without affecting the product under study. In particular, the Hass avocado is of high importance for the agricultural sector in Colombia because the country is strongly promoting its export, which has generated an expansion in the number of acres cultivated with this fruit. Therefore, this paper aims to study and analyze the ripening state of Hass avocados through non-invasive hyperspectral images, using principal component analysis (PCA) along with spectral vegetation indices, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), photochemical reflectance index (PRI), colorimetry analysis in the CIE L*a*b* color space, and color index triangular greenness index (TGI). In particular, this work conducts a quantitative analysis of the ripening process of a population of 7 Hass avocados over 10 days. The avocados under study were classified into three categories: unripe, close-to-ripe, and ripe. The obtained results show that it is possible to characterize the ripening state of avocados through hyperspectral images using a non-invasive acquisition system. Further, it is possible to know the post-harvest ripening state of the avocado at any given day.
clero de la Puna de Jujuy a fines del período colonial
Authors: Cruz Enrique
Published: August 2019

Los clérigos de la Puna de Jujuy (Intendencia de Salta del Tucumán), son los responsables de adoctrinar y evangelizar curatos rurales de composición mayoritaria indígena. En el artículo se analiza la tarea eclesiástica desarrollada a fines del siglo XVIII por algunos de estos personajes, para establecer el grado de responsabilidad que tienen en relación a los encomenderos y curacas, en la construcción, mantenimiento de iglesias, y fomento y desarrollo de las cofradías y fiestas religiosas.
Fundamentalismo y relaciones de género
Authors: Tarducci Monica
Published: August 2019

En este articulo nos interesa mostrar uno de los aspectos centrales de la retórica y la práctica fundamentalista, presente en la mayoría de las religiones actuales: el énfasis puesto en las relaciones de género. En todos estos movimientos, más allá de sus diferencias, comparten la preocupación por la esfera doméstica, por los cambios que afectan a la familia, por la educación de los niños, por los roles sexuales, etc, y proponen programas para reestructurar la vida familiar de acuerdo a sus valores religiosos. En ese sentido, se puede hablar, como lo hace Hardacre, de un “modelo o diseño identificable” en diferentes tradiciones. Aquí revisaremos el fundamentalismo protestante, el islámico y el judío, en ese “aire de familia” que comparten.
Milenarismo, nativismo y neotradicionalismo en el México actual
Authors: De la Peña Francisco
Published: August 2019

Este ensayo analiza el fenómeno del mexicanismo, un movimiento nativista, milenarista y neo-tradicionalista que aspira a la revitalización de la cultura prehispánica. El movimiento mexicanista esta integrado en su mayor parte por mexicanos de clase media, habitantes de las ciudades, mestizos y no indígenas, pero con una fuerte deseo de adherir a una identidad nativa. El mexicanismo se inscribe en el ámbito de los nuevos movimientos identitarios y religiosos, y no puede entenderse al margen de los efectos que la sobremodernidad tiene en el resurgimiento de las identidades primarias.
evangelismo Wichí de uno y otro lado del límite étnico
Authors: García Miguel
Published: August 2019

A principios de la década de 1980, varios grupos de aborígenes wichí de Argentina adoptaron una religión de raíz pentecostal, conocida como “evangelismo” o “movimiento evangélico”, que cuatro décadas antes se había iniciado entre los toba como consecuencia de la instalación de varias iglesias norteamericanas pentecostales en la provincia de Chaco. En el marco del surgimiento de la nueva religión, los wichí ensayaron un proceso de transformación identitaria que se caracterizó, en términos generales, por una profundización del rechazo de varios aspectos de su propia cultura que ya se había iniciado en el contexto del proyecto evangelizador que a principios del siglo XX puso en marcha la Iglesia Anglicana, y de un tenaz apego a los preceptos de la moral cristiana. El evangelismo proveyó los elementos necesarios para una nueva presentación de los sujetos en la vida cotidiana y para una significativa modificación del escenario político-religioso. Pero no sólo permitió la elaboración de una nueva identidad hacia el endogrupo, sino también estimuló el intento por exhibir a la sociedad envolvente un modelo de sujeto que aspira a evadir el estigma de “indio”.
Gênero, religião e política
Authors: Machado Maria das Dores Campos , Figueiredo Fabiana Melo de
Published: August 2019

Trata-se de uma análise da participação das mulheres evangélicas nas eleições de 2000 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Capital de um estado onde o Governador e a vice-governadora têm identidade evangélica, Rio de Janeiro tem sido um laboratório para os estudos das novas tendências e alianças entre os grupos religiosos e facções. Com vinte e três candidaturas femininas à Câmara dos Vereadores e uma representante na disputa pela Prefeitura Municipal, os evangélicos parecem também afinados com a preocupação de estimular a presença das mulheres no jogo da política. E mais, quando comparamos a participação feminina na disputa da vereança percebemos que, enquanto no conjunto geral as mulheres representavam 22,9% das candidaturas, entre os evangélicos, o índice das candidaturas femininas foi de 25%. Esses índices sugerem que não existem diferenças significativas entre os evangélicos e a sociedade inclusiva no que se refere participação das mulheres no debate e nas disputas políticas. Quem são, o que propõem para a sociedade e o significado de suas candidaturas para a população feminina carioca são algumas das questões trabalhadas nesse artigo.
diversidad católica vista desde los nuevos rostros de Dios
Authors: De la Torre Renée
Published: August 2019

Este artículo trata sobre la subjetivación de la creencia, que apunta a la diversificación de formas de ser, representarse y actuar de los católicos que participan en los nuevos movimientos eclesiales laicos. Para seleccionar los casos se diseñaron tipos ideales que responden a los siguientes criterios de contraste cualitativos: a) los procesos de conversión; b) la forma en que los laicos se perciben y se relacionan con la estructura eclesial desde su grupo de adscripción religiosa; c) la forma en que perciben y se enfrentan a la transformación de los ambientes sociales, y d) la forma en que conciben el ser y el deber ser del laico católico en el mundo desde su propia historia de vida (conversión, militancia, logros y obstáculos). Se analizan comparativamente los estudios de caso sobre líderes de diferentes movimientos laicales: las Comunidades Eclesiales de Base; Barrios Unidos en Cristo, Renovación Carismática y de un grupo esotérico católico llamado Misioneros Azules. Estos casos fueron seleccionados como tipos ideales para representar la amplia gama de interpretaciones teológicas y doctrinales, los distintos grados de compromiso y las maneras desniveladas de relacionarse con la jerarquía institucional, y por ultimo, las diversas pastorales que promuevenpara resacralizar el mundo secular.
Poder e política na Congregação Cristã no Brasil
Authors: Christoph Foerster Norbert Hans
Published: August 2019

Como nos seus tempos primordiais, a Congregação Cristã no Brasil continua se propagando pelas redes sociais pessoais e pelo culto como únicas estratégias de marketing. Ela mantém a regra que lideranças não podem ser candidatos políticos, e que nos cultos não se pode fazer propaganda por nenhum candidato ou partido. Estes fatos demonstram que a CCB se mantém fora de algumas dinâmicas religiosas, culturais e sociais que atingiram praticamente todos os grupos religiosos contemporâneos e têm na sua ponta outros grupos pentecostais. A CCB continua sendo, portanto, o que os primeiros pesquisadores já afirmaram a seu respeito: um pentecostalismo sui generis. O presente trabalho analisa as relações de poder no interior deste grupo religioso, suas estratégias concorrenciais, sua falta de inserção na política partidária, e indaga quais dispositivos na sua memória e representações coletivas não permitem as mudanças que se operam nos outros grupos religiosos.
pentecostalismo em contextos de violência
Authors: Teixeira Cesar Pinheiro
Published: August 2019

Nas periferias urbanas do Rio de Janeiro é notável a presença de dois grupos distintos: as igrejas pentecostais e os grupos de narcotraficantes. Todavia, embora os pentecostais demonizem os grupos de traficantes, a relação entre eles não se caracteriza por uma relação de conflito. Os pentecostais gozam de respeito e prestígio em relação aos traficantes: seja quando pregam dentro das bocas-de-fumo ou quando resgatam pessoas “condenadas à morte” pelos traficantes. Como compreender a autoridade moral da qual gozam os pentecostais em relação a interlocutores autoritários e violentos como os narcotraficantes? Como hipótese principal, dizemos que ao utilizarem com rigor regras de dom e contra-dom e, além disso, orientando-se pela lógica da Batalha Espiritual, os pentecostais conseguem um posicionamento privilegiado frente às questões postas por um contexto que envolve autoritarismo e violência.
hombres también lloran
Authors: Viotti Nicolás
Published: August 2019

Con base en una etnografía en espacios católicos emocionales en un horizonte de clase media porteño, se discute el papel que juega el llanto masculino en rituales que buscan el bienestar. Se describen las técnicas corporales, las nociones nativas y su marco cosmológico. Finalmente se indaga en la posibilidad de una etnografía de las emociones discutiendo la idea de experiencia corporal del llanto a partir de su inscripción implícita en la cosmología occidental moderna. La relación empática entre investigador y nativos es matizada a partir de un ejercicio de contraste entre modos de articulación diferenciada dentro de un mundo individualista.
Ciclos sistêmicos do capitalismo, Estado e dinâmica federativa: uma discussão teórica
Authors: Papi Luciana Pazini , Medeiros Klei Pando
Published: August 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma discussão sobre a relação entre os ciclos sistêmicos do capitalismo e as dinâmicas federativas dos Estados periféricos. Parte-se do pressuposto que as federações não são forjadas unicamente por suas rotas institucionais internas, como sustentam as teorias institucionalistas, mas sofrem influências dos ciclos sistêmicos do capitalismo. Dessa maneira, processos de centralização e descentralização dos Estados responderiam ao movimento cíclico capitalista que impõe modelos descentralizadores e liberais alternados por modelos de Estados ativos e coordenadores, impondo mudanças no funcionamento de federações. Nos anos 1980, se difundiu a visão de que a descentralização significaria um instrumento de eficiência administrativa, accountability e democratização. Aqui argumenta-se que a descentralização não carrega consigo um valor intrínseco e seus efeitos dependem do Estado que se quer reformar e dos contextos sócio históricos que lhes atribuem sentido.
EL PRINCIPIO DE POLIEDRICIDAD: LA ARTICULACIÓN DE LO DISCURSIVO, LO COGNITIVO Y LO LINGÜÍSTICO EN TERMINOLOGÍA
Authors: Cabré Maria Teresa
Published: August 2019

A Terminologia é um campo interdisciplinar que distingue distintos planos ou dimensões: un plano referencial, que compreende o âmbito dos objetos e da formação declasses de objetos; um plano cognitivo, que inclui a formação de conceitos e sua localização namente, e um plano linguístico amplamente semiótico, que compreende a realização de cadaconceito em uma ou mais unidades terminológicas da língua natural, que podem ser estendidasa outras unidades de criação artificial. Este texto apresenta, em primeiro lugar, diferentesconcepções do termo ou unidade terminológica e discute sua posição central ou periférica naTerminologia como campo de conheciment;, em seguida, aborda a polêmica relação entre arealidade e sua representação mental na forma de conceitos de especialidade e justifica acompexidade da relação entre conceito e termo a partir do princípio de poliedricidade.
OS DISCURSOS DE TRABALHADORES AUTOGESTIONÁRIOS
Authors: Webber Darlene Arlete
Published: August 2019

The analysis of the discourse practices of workers who constitute and enable cooperatives organizations of auto management belonging to the Solidary Economy in Rio Grande do Sul appears with the main objective in this approach. It is about undertaking of industrial production in the auto management model, created from the bankruptcy of capitalist management enterprises. The study deals with the observation of the discourse process of the practices of auto managing subjects, of auto management supporters and of working class intellectuals, in this process ideas and beliefs are “disarranged”, “rearranged” and “transformed” of non linear way. This new social and discourse practices of the auto managing organization of workers can be found in different moments of the humanity history, which leads us to think about the discourse resonances and interdiscourse connections.