bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching about diagnostic errors through virtual patient cases: a pilot exploration
Authors: Geha Rabih , Trowbridge Robert L. , Dhaliwal Gurpreet , Olson Andrew P.J.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Diagnostic error is a major problem in health care, yet there are few medical school curricula focused on improving the diagnostic process and decreasing diagnostic errors. Effective strategies to teach medical students about diagnostic error and diagnostic safety have not been established.

Methods:

We designed, implemented and evaluated a virtual patient module featuring two linked cases involving diagnostic errors. Learning objectives developed by a consensus process among medical educators in the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine (SIDM) were utilized. The module was piloted with internal medicine clerkship students at three institutions and with clerkship faculty members recruited from listservs. Participants completed surveys on their experience using the case and a qualitative analysis was performed.

Results:

Thirty-five medical students and 25 faculty members completed the survey. Most students found the module to be relevant and instructive. Faculty also found the module valuable for students but identified insufficient curricular time as a barrier to implementation.

Conclusions:

Medical students and faculty found a prototype virtual patient module about the diagnostic process and diagnostic error to be educational.
Effective long-term temozolomide rechallenge in a macroprolactinoma
Authors: Zampetti Benedetta , Simonetti Giorgia , Attanasio Roberto , Silvani Antonio , Cozzi Renato
Published: October 2018

We describe the 20-year course of a 63-year-old male with a macroprolactinoma that acquired resistance to treatment and aggressive behavior after a 4-year successful treatment with cabergoline. He was submitted to multiple surgical resections by a skilled surgeon, fractionated radiotherapy and was eventually treated with temozolomide. After a first 6-month standard cycle, a relapse occurred and he was treated again successfully.

Learning points:

Prolactinomas are the most frequent type of pituitary adenoma.

They usually have a benign course.

In most cases dopamine-agonist drugs, mainly cabergoline, are first-line (and usually only) treatment.

Occasionally prolactinomas can have or acquire resistance to treatment and/or aggressive behavior.

Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral alkylating drug, can be effective in such aggressive tumors.

Multimodal treatment (surgery, radiation, cabergoline and TMZ) is warranted in aggressive pituitary tumors.

We describe here successful rechallenge with TMZ after relapse occurring 18 months after a first TMZ cycle.
The case for a Canadian national school food program
Authors: Hernandez Kimberley , Engler-Stringer Rachel , Kirk Sara , Wittman Hannah , McNicholl Sasha
Published: October 2018

Canada is one of the only member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) without a national school food program. Good nutrition impacts children’s health, wellbeing, and learning; and school food environments offer an important setting to promote health and other food system sustainability behaviours that can last a lifetime. We present an overview of national and international evidence, with a focus on promising practices that support the establishment of a national school food program in Canada. School food programs have been shown to benefit health and dietary behaviour and critical food literacy skills (learning, culture, and social norms) that support local agriculture and promote sustainable food systems. Finally, we make recommendations for key elements that should be included in a national school food program for Canada.
A food policy for Canada, but not just for Canadians: Reaping justice for migrant farm workers
Authors: Weiler Anelyse M.
Published: October 2018

In this policy commentary, I highlight opportunities to advance equity and dignity for racialized migrant workers from less affluent countries who are hired through low-wage agricultural streams of Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program. Core features of the program such as 'tied' work permits, non-citizenship, and workers' deportability make it risky for migrant farm workers to exercise their rights. I discuss five federal policy interventions to strengthen justice for migrant farm workers in Canada: 1) permanent resident status; 2) equal access to social protections; 3) open work permits; 4) democratic business ownership; and 5) trade policy that respects community self-determination. To realize a food system that enables health, freedom and dignity for all members of our communities, a Food Policy for Canada cannot be for Canadians alone.
Decreasing Racemic Epinephrine for Bronchiolitis in an Academic Children’s Hospital
Authors: McCoy Elisha , Chumpia Maryanne
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations in the United States. Although the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends against routine use of bronchodilators in bronchiolitis management, racemic epinephrine was persistently used for this purpose at Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital. Our aim was to decrease racemic epinephrine use for bronchiolitis by 50% within 8 months.

METHODS:

Our multidisciplinary team used the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Model for Improvement to develop an aim statement, choose metrics, and perform plan-do-study-act cycles to reduce racemic epinephrine use. We used focused education through in-person and online methods and provided direct feedback to residents, respiratory therapists, and nurses primarily caring for these children. The percentage of all patients admitted for bronchiolitis receiving at least 1 dose of racemic epinephrine was collected from the medical record and recorded on statistical process control charts for distribution to their work areas. Albuterol use and length of stay were collected as balancing measures. We used statistical process control charts to establish special cause variation and identify statistically significant differences in our measures.

RESULTS:

During our intervention period, the percentage of bronchiolitis patients receiving at least 1 dose of racemic epinephrine to treat bronchiolitis decreased from an average of 26% to 5%, and similarly, albuterol use decreased from an average of 48% to 34%. There was no clinically significant difference in length of stay.

CONCLUSIONS:

Using a multidisciplinary approach and focused education techniques may be an effective way to reduce racemic epinephrine use for children with bronchiolitis.
Radiologic Approach to the Diagnosis of Bowel Emergencies in Neonates
Authors: Ngo Anh-Vu , Phillips Grace S.
Published: October 2018

Neonatal bowel disorders represent a diverse set of congenital and acquired conditions spanning the alimentary tract. Clinical presentation is variable and reflects both the site of gastrointestinal involvement as well as the underlying pathology. Several of the neonatal bowel disorders represent true surgical emergencies and require prompt diagnosis for optimal outcomes. Radiologic studies, which may consist of radiography, upper gastrointestinal series, barium enema, and/or ultrasonography, provide essential data to achieve the correct diagnosis.
Neurology Care, Diagnostics, and Emerging Therapies of the Patient With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Leigh Fawn , Ferlini Alessandra , Biggar Doug , Bushby Katharine , Finkel Richard , Morgenroth Lauren P. , Wagner Kathryn R.
Published: October 2018

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common form of childhood muscular dystrophy. A mutation in the DMD gene disrupts dystrophin (protein) production, causing damage to muscle integrity, weakness, loss of ambulation, and cardiopulmonary compromise by the second decade of life. Life expectancy has improved from mid-teenage years to mid-20s with the use of glucocorticoids and beyond the third decade with ventilator support and multidisciplinary care. However, Duchenne muscular dystrophy is associated with comorbidities and is a fatal disease. Glucocorticoids prolong ambulation, but their side effects are significant. Emerging investigational therapies have surfaced over the past decade and have rapidly been tested in clinical trials. Gene-specific strategies include nonsense readthrough, exon skipping, gene editing, utrophin modulation, and gene replacement. Other mechanisms include muscle regeneration, antioxidants, and antifibrosis and anti-inflammatory pathways. With potential therapies emerging, early diagnosis is needed to initiate treatment early enough to minimize morbidity and mortality. Newborn screening can be used to significantly improve early diagnosis, especially for gene-specific therapeutics.
Cardiac Management of the Patient With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Buddhe Sujatha , Cripe Linda , Friedland-Little Joshua , Kertesz Naomi , Eghtesady Pirooz , Finder Jonathan , Hor Kan , Judge Daniel P. , Kinnett Kathi , McNally Elizabeth M. , Raman Subha , Thompson W. Reid , Wagner Kathryn R. , Olson Aaron K.
Published: October 2018

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) results in a progressive cardiomyopathy that produces significant morbidity and mortality. To improve the quality of life in patients with DMD, cardiac care is focused on surveillance and management, with the goal of slowing the onset and progression of heart failure complications. The current article is intended to be an expanded review on the cardiac management data used to inform the 2018 DMD Care Considerations recommendations as well as be a discussion on clinical controversies and future management directions. The new cardiac guidance includes changes regarding noninvasive imaging surveillance of cardiac function and pharmacologic therapy. Many emerging therapies lack sufficient evidence-based data to be recommended in the 2018 DMD Care Considerations. These are discussed in the present article as clinical controversies and future directions. Important emerging therapies include new heart failure medications, mechanical circulatory support with ventricular assist devices, heart transplantation, and internal cardiac defibrillators. Future research studies should be focused on the risks and benefits of these advanced therapies in patients with DMD. We conclude this review with a brief discussion on the relationship between the heart and the recently developed medications that are used to directly target the absence of dystrophin in DMD.
Integración auditiva, visual y propioceptiva como sustrato del desarrollo del lenguaje
Authors: Echeverría-Palacio Carlos Mario , Uscátegui-Daccarett Angélica , Talero-Gutiérrez Claudia
Published: October 2018

Introducción. El desarrollo del lenguaje es un proceso complejo considerado como marcador evolutivo del ser humano y puede ser comprendido a partir de la contribución de los sistemas sensoriales y de los eventos que ocurren en periodos críticos del desarrollo.Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de cómo se da la integración de la información auditiva, visual y propioceptiva y cómo se refleja en el desarrollo del lenguaje, destacando el papel de la interacción social como contexto que favorece este proceso.Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron los términos MeSH “Language Development”; “Visual Perception”; “Hearing”; y “Proprioception en las bases de datos MEDLINE y Embase, limitando la búsqueda principal a artículos escritos en inglés, español y portugués.Resultados. El punto de partida lo constituye la información auditiva, la cual, en el primer año de vida, permite la discriminación de los elementos del ambiente que corresponden al lenguaje; luego un pico en su adquisición y posteriormente una etapa de máxima discriminación lingüística. La información visual proporciona la correspondencia del lenguaje en imágenes, sustrato de nominación y comprensión de palabras, además de la interpretación e imitación del componente emocional en la gesticulación. La información propioceptiva ofrece la retroalimentación de los patrones de ejecución motora empleados en la producción del lenguaje.Conclusión. El estudio del desarrollo lenguaje desde la integración sensorial ofrece nuevas perspectivas para el abordaje e intervención de sus desviaciones.
Enzymes and cytokines disease in total hip arthroplasty: promoters of immune loosening
Authors: Pacheco-Martelo Victorino , Roldán-Vasco Sebastián
Published: October 2018

Introducción. Una de las causas más importantes de falla de la prótesis de cadera lo constituye el fenómeno de aflojamiento, el cual se relaciona con la liberación de enzimas mediada por citocinas y produce la lisis del hueso que soporta el implante.Objetivo. Describir los mecanismos de interacción biológica de las moléculas promotoras del aflojamiento de la prótesis total de cadera que con mayor frecuencia están presentes en el proceso.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos originales y casos clínicos en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus, sin límite de fecha de publicación, utilizando los términos MeSH “hip prosthesis loosening”, “aseptic loosening”, “cytokines” y “hip arthroplasty failure”. La extracción de datos se hizo mediante la lectura de 250 estudios, de los cuales se seleccionaron 66 para fines de redacción.Resultados. Los autores describen las moléculas más representativas implicadas en el aflojamiento de la prótesis de cadera, además se presentan las interacciones entre ellas.Conclusiones. Enzimas y citocinas han sido ampliamente estudiadas por cuatro décadas, aunque sus mecanismos de interacción son poco conocidos. Los autores proponen un mecanismo de interacción, proceso que podría denominarse “enfermedad de las enzimas y citocinas” o “aflojamiento inmunológico”.
Intervención en un niño con autismo mediante el juego
Authors: González-Moreno Claudia Ximena
Published: October 2018

Introducción. El autismo es una alteración en el neurodesarrollo en la que se compromete el desarrollo comunicativo, emocional y simbólico del niño, así como la capacidad de establecer relaciones con el adulto y los objetos.Objetivo. Identificar el impacto del juego en el desarrollo comunicativo, emocional y simbólico de un niño con autismo de 3 años y 6 meses.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una entrevista a los padres del niño y una observación a este en el contexto educativo y clínico. Se aplicó una evaluación del desarrollo infantil antes y después de realizar una intervención en la que se empleó el método experimental formativo propuesto por Vigotsky. La investigación fue de carácter cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. La intervención se diseñó considerando las necesidades de desarrollo psicológico del niño en lo que se refiere a la actividad rectora de juego.Resultados. El juego es un medio efectivo que contribuye con el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas, emocionales y simbólicas en casos de autismo.Conclusión. La intervención clínica desde la aproximación psicológica histórico-cultural y la teoría de la actividad tiene impacto positivo en el desarrollo psicológico del niño, se propone de manera intencional y promueve el desarrollo de habilidades de corregulación social que facilitan la interacción comunicativa en casos de autismo.
Scope of Occupational Therapy postgraduate degrees around the world
Authors: Serrata- Malfitano Ana Paula , Monzeli Gustavo Artur , Bardi Giovanna , Esquerdo-Lopes Roseli
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The production of knowledge in Occupational Therapy has been making progress worldwide.Objective: To understand how Occupational Therapy has developed as an academic discipline, particularly with respect to its areas of research at different universities.Methods: The Occupational Therapy postgraduate programs around the world (such as master’s degrees and doctoral programs), registered at World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) until 2015, were mapped and the websites of each program were visited to complete the information.Results: Data from 266 institutions that offered postgraduate programs were collected and analyzed. As of 2015, there were 348 programs in 11 countries; 225 professional master’s degrees, 69 academic master’s degrees, 30 post-professional doctorates in Occupational Therapy (PPOTD), and 24 academic doctorates (PhD). Such programs have existed since 1918 and had two major growth periods in 1940 and 1990.Conclusions: The number of postgraduate programs in occupational therapy is fairly limited. Only 16% of the countries that offer undergraduate courses also have master’s or doctoral programs. There are few postgraduate programs, especially at the doctoral level, which has limited the academic scope of this field.
Retos de la terapia ocupacional en salud pública
Authors: Arango-Soler Juan Manuel , Correa-Moreno Yerson Alí , Méndez-Castillo Jaime Alberto
Published: October 2018

En el marco de la conmemoración de los 50 años de la institucionalización de la terapia ocupacional en el país, el presente escrito pretende reflexionar sobre algunos retos que deben enfrentar los profesionales del desempeño ocupacional en el futuro próximo; se pone énfasis en elementos que pueden aportar a la salud pública para repensar el saber y la práctica, tanto académica como profesional.Al considerar la herencia del paradigma positivista y el modelo biomédico que ha inspirado el conocimiento y hacer de la terapia ocupacional alrededor de la rehabilitación, se plantea que parte de los desafíos involucran concebir la salud como algo más que el opuesto de enfermedad; estudiar y comprender el desempeño ocupacional de todos los seres humanos, no solo de aquellos con discapacidad en procesos de rehabilitación; posicionar la ocupación como determinante fundamental de la promoción de la salud y la prevención de enfermedades, tanto en individuos como en poblaciones sanas; participar de la formulación e implementación de políticas y programas de salud, y comprender la influencia que tiene la organización económica, política y social de la sociedad sobre el quehacer humano. Estas deudas pendientes se corresponden con oportunidades de una comunidad receptiva, dispuesta a crecer día a día para consolidarse socialmente.
Hierarchical Structure of the Economic Potential of a Region
Authors: Shcherbakova Ekateryna V.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. The economic potential of a region is a factor in positive trends in the development of economic systems and in the stability of the state in the inter-national arena. The mechanisms of such influence are based on internal processes taking place in the structure of the economic potential of a region. However, the lack of fundamental study of the structure of the economic potential of a region and the increased interest in this issue are topical and led to the choice of this research topic which is aimed at studying the internal structure of the economic potential of a region as well as at determining the characteristics of each of its elements.
Materials and Methods. When determining the structure of the economic potential of a region, the methods of the empirical, experimental and theoretical levels were used such as the method of comparing different types of economic potential, the hypothetical and logical methods as well as the simulation method.
Results. By comparing the types of economic potentials at different levels of func-tioning of the economy, the elements of the structure of the economic potential of a region were identified and analyzed, subordination between them was established. Presence of subordination made it possible to identify the hierarchical structure and to present it in the form of a 3 -level hierarchy. For a more accurate understanding of the links and significance of the hierarchy of types of the economic potential of a region, the meanings and components of each level of the hierarchy were described.
Discussion and Conclusions. A hierarchical structure of the economic potential of a region was revealed due to the existence of subordination between the elements of the structure. The research materials may be useful when planning economic development of a region and the state in order to strengthen market positions and competitiveness. The data obtained are of value both for economists and scientists involved in the study of regional economy.
De "lo crudo a lo cocido": Variaciones sobre el canibalismo en Pedro de Cieza
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge
Published: October 2018

Claude Lévi-Strauss plantea en su seminal libro Lo crudo y lo cocido (1ª. edición en francés de 1964) la dicotomía de lo crudo/ lo cocido para reafirmar el pasaje hacia el desarrollo cultural y el establecimiento de lo alimentario en realción con el fuego y la cocina y, con tal finalidad, parte de mitos indígenas latinomericanos en donde se establece la evolución de la ingesta de carne humana hacia la animal cocida. Pero, ¿qué sucede cuando la ingestión de la carne humana pasa por el proceso de cocción y se describe unos procedimientos de preparación de los alimentos que marcan el pasaje de lo crudo a lo cocido? Esto es lo que veremos en una de esas crónicas del periodo primitivo, la de Pedro de Cieza de León, Crónica del Perú, el señorío de los Incas (Sevilla, 1553).
"El guaro blanco es un alimento...": Revisitando textos de la polémica nacionalista en literatura
Authors: González Muñoz Irene
Published: October 2018

Todo texto literario es tributario de otro mucho más amplio: la cultura, esto justifica el abordaje de las representaciones literarias de la comida y de los alimentos, pues según lo afirma D. Bunn, desde la perspectiva sociológica, la ingesta de alimentos (líquidos o sólidos) no responde exclusivamente a una necesidad vital, sino que también implica una serie de aspectos socioculturales identificables en el texto literario. Además, siguiendo los planteamientos de M. Calvillo Jurado, la incorporación de alimentos en el discurso literario también da cuenta de la conformación de personajes-tipo. En este sentido, la siguiente propuesta analiza cómo se representa en la cuentística de Ricardo Fernández Guardia, correspondiente a la polémica nacionalista en literatura, la relación que se establece entre el consumo de licor y la identidad del concho costarricense.
La lucha (de clases) de la cocina: Los alimentos y la dialéctica de la apetencia en la novela Mamita Yunai de Carlos Luis Fallas
Authors: Muñoz Solano Néfer
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo sobre el clásico latinoamericano Mamita Yunai, novela del escritor costarricense Carlos Luis Fallas, analiza la dieta de miseria de los obreros de las plantaciones bananeras centroamericanas de comienzos del siglo XX. Este estudio propone leer a Mamita Yunai como un menú textual de cinco platillos discursivos donde subyace una “dialéctica de la apetencia”. En esta dialéctica la tesis es el gusto, la antítesis es el disgusto y la síntesis, el hambre. En esta novela, la empresa transnacional United Fruit Company, la “Mamita Yunai”, representa una “anti-madre” que explota sin escrúpulos, social y económicamente, a “sus hijos”, los trabajadores de las plantaciones, quienes subsisten con un precario menú de raciones limitadas de arroz, frijoles, conservas, jaleas, “bananos sancochados” y café negro sin dulce. Para poder tener acceso a productos como la carne y el pescado, los obreros deben recurrir, por su cuenta, a la caza y a la pesca en condiciones generalmente clandestinas y peligrosas.
Ventriloquización: Estudio del fenómeno discursivo
Authors: Portillo-Fernández Jesús
Published: October 2018

En el siguiente trabajo analizamos el fenómeno discursivo de la ventriloquización aclarando, en primer lugar, la relación y distinción entre el concepto polifonía y otros cercanos como dialogismo, heteroglosia y dialéctica. A partir de la revisión diacrónica del concepto, estudiamos las facetas del hablante y las situaciones comunicativas que intervienen en los diferentes discursos polifónicos, diferenciando cuatro tipos de emisiones polifónicas: 1) discurso referido, 2) enunciados ecoicos, 3) intertextos y 4) ventriloquización. Presentamos una descripción detallada de las principales características de la ventriloquización (mímesis, enriquecimiento semántico, posible cambio de voz –timbre y entonación–, función lingüística predominante y recontextualización). Por último, atendiendo a los dos tipos de ventriloquización (real y simulada), proponemos una clasificación de usos frecuentes a partir de cuatro factores relacionados con los agentes comunicativos.
Hedonic Valuation of Real Estate Properties in Nigeria
Authors: Abidoye Rotimi Boluwatife , Chan Albert P. C.
Published: October 2018

Despite the wide adoption of the Hedonic Pricing Model (HPM) approach in property valuation in the real estate domain, a large number of studies conducted by real estate scholars, have tended to focus on the ‘explanatory’ rather than the ‘predictive’ ability of the technique. Given this industry focus, and thus the lack of information on the predictive nature of HPM, the present study sets out to investigate the predictive accuracy of HPM in property valuation. Data on sales transaction of residential properties were collected from registered property firms practising in the Lagos metropolis property market, in Nigeria. The collected data were divided into two categories - the training set which was fitted to the HPM developed, and the testing dataset which was used for the model validation. Accuracy metrics were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the HPM developed. The analysis shows that the HPM approach produced inaccurate predicted property values in terms of a high mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE) and root means square error (RMSE) which may not be acceptable by rational real estate investors. Also, about 60% of the predicted property values produced an inaccuracy that is ± 20% of the actual values, while only 26% yielded an error of margin which is within the industry acceptable margin of between ± 0 and 10%. The HPM could not be entirely relied on to produce accurate property valuation estimates. Therefore, further studies are needed to be carried out to identify more reliable and robust property valuation approaches that can produce values that would be acceptable to all property valuation stakeholders.
Gerakan Dakwah Tarekat Qodiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah di Grobogan
Authors: Anas Ahmad , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan
Published: October 2018

This study aims to examine the proselytizing mo­ve­ment of Tarekat Qodiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) in Ngroto Village during 1984-2015. Using qualitative method and phenomenological approach, the findings have revealed that the proselytizing (da’wah) of TQN was conducted through internal and external organizations. Meanwhile, TQN’s strategy of da’wah ulitised individual and collective approach though establishing Islamic boarding school (pe­santren), social activities, center of economic activity, and or­ganization called al-Khidmah. In regard with personal ap­proach, a talqin or caliph representative acts more as a religio­us counselor. Further, the message of proselytizing of TQN attempts to comprehend tauhid, fiqh and tasawwuf (mysticism).
Design and construction of the Second Humen Bridge, China
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Fei Pengbo , Zhang Xinmin , Dong You , Melchy Okandze Danny
Published: October 2018

Completed in 2019, the Second Humen Bridge in south China has created a much-needed additional link between Guangzhou and Dongguan in the economocially thriving Pearl River Delta region. It crosses the Nizhou and Dasha waterways with suspension main spans of 1688 m and 1200 m, respectively. The Nizhou crossing is the longest steel box girder suspension bridge in the world and, at 49·7 m wide, both crossings are the widest built. This paper describes their design and construction and the innovative techniques used.
Adapting EFQM Excellence Model for Public Transport Operators: A Case of IETT, Istanbul’s Public Bus Operator
Authors: DEVECİ Muhammet , CANITEZ Fatih
Published: October 2018

There are several management approaches being utilized in public transport operators to achieve organizational performance. EFQM excellence model, promoted by the European Foundation for Quality Management, helps organizations achieve sustainable excellence with its holistic management framework. One of the most outstanding features of EFQM model is its balanced and holistic perspective for organizational performance based on continuous improvement approach to exceed the stakeholders’ expectations. In this study, we examine the way EFQM excellence model has been adapted and implemented for urban public transport operators through a case study of Istanbul’s public bus operator, IETT. The results of the case demonstrate the adaptation processes of the fundamental concepts of the model to a public transport operator’s organizational context, thus, providing an applicable management model for other public transport operators as well. EFQM excellence model has been adopted for the first time in a public transport company, therefore the results have significant implications to enhance quality initiatives in public transport operators, in particular, and urban mobility, in general.
A missing link in the Traditional Courts Bill 2017: Evidence obtained through human rights violations
Authors: Nanima Robert Doya
Published: October 2018

The issue of admission of evidence obtained through human rights violations is central to a criminal justice system as a mechanism through which to prevent overzealous prosecution by the state and ensure protection of human rights. As such, any court that deals with criminal cases has to evaluate evidence before it is admitted. This article argues that the Traditional Courts Bill (TCB)1 does not provide for a mode of dealing with evidence obtained as a result of human rights violations. To substantiate this argument, the article reviews the current Bill, and reflects on the challenges that arise with regard to evidence obtained in this way. The article contextualises section 35(5) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, and discusses the practical difficulties of applying it under the current Bill. The article concludes with recommendations for measures that can ensure that accused persons are not prejudiced when appearing before the court.
On the Record: Nicolette Naylor & Sibongile Ndashe
Authors: Moult Kelley
Published: October 2018

Recent local and global developments have turned the spotlight on the role of law in addressing sexual harassment in the workplace. Almost four decades after feminist legal scholars pushed for law that recognises that sexual harassment constitutes a form of discrimination that is legally actionable, it is important to take stock of the success and limits of the law. In a context where the law is increasingly accused of complicity in shielding abusers by (mis)applying sexual harassment policies to exonerate the perpetrators or fail to hold institutions to account where they claim that their hands are tied because complainants do not want to lay formal complaints. Nicolette Naylor (Director, Ford Foundation for Southern Africa) and Sibongile Ndashe (Executive Director: The Initiative for Strategic Litigation in Africa [ISLA]) discuss the role of the law against the backdrop of the successes of campaigns like the #MeToo movement that encourage survivors to speak out outside of the by unmasking and publicly naming perpetrators. The conversation was originally presented as an ISLA Conversation between Nicolette and Sibongile on 10 July 2018 in Johannesburg.
BAKİRE MERYEM'İN ÖLÜMÜ VE GÖĞE YÜKSELMESİ
Authors: GEDİKLİ Şule
Published: October 2018

Özet

Hiristiyan dinin önemli figürlerinden
biri olan bakire Meryem’in ölümü ve göğe yükselmesi “Altın Efsane” ve
“Transitus Mariae” olmak üzere iki temel kaynakta anlatılmıştır. Altın Efsane, Jacobus
de Voragine tarafından 13. yüzyılın üçüncü çeyreğinde kaleme alınmıştır. 6.
yüzyıla tarihlendirilen Transitus Mariae ise Meryem’in ölümünü ve göğe yükselmesine
değinen diğer önemli bir kaynaktır. Papa XII. Pius tarafından 1950 yılında
kabul edilen dogma ile Meryem’in öldükten sonra ruhu ile birlikte gökyüzüne
yükseldiği kabul edilmiş ve kilise tarafından her yıl 15 Ağustos’ta bayram
olarak kutlanmaya başlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, bakire Meryem’in
ölümü ve göğe yükselmesi, apokrif kaynaklar ışığında ele alındıktan sonra Erken
Rönesans dönemine tarihlendirilen tasvirlerle desteklenerek ikonografik açıdan
değerlendirilmiştir.
On Getting Stuck: Negotiating Stuck Places in and Beyond Gender and Sexual Diversity-Focused Educational Research
Authors: STALEY SARA
Published: October 2018

In this article, Sara Staley presents a conceptualization of “stuck” places in the field of gender and sexual diversity educational research. She argues that in the process of pursuing complex questions about preparing educators to disrupt the cis-heteronormative context of schools, the field has created a master narrative in which the same dilemmas seem to arise. She draws on patterns of repetition in the literature to point to three tools that specify how the field has tried to manage and control the problem of cis-heteronormativity and the role of teachers therein. Critically reflecting on her own experience, she considers how embracing the impossible aspects of questions about teaching and the study of oppression might open up generative possibilities for moving through the stuck places in which educational researchers find themselves.
Особенности мотивации учебной деятельности студентов вуза первого и четвертого курсов (сравнительный анализ)
Authors: Иванова Екатерина Евгеньевна , Сторожева Юлия Анатольевна
Published: October 2018

Статья посвящена исследованию особенностей мотивов учебной деятельности студентов вуза. Были выявлены мотивы учебной деятельности студентов заочной формы обучения 1-го и 4-го курсов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки «Психолого-педагогическое образование» в Московском гуманитарном университете.
Системное и критическое мышление в профессиональной деятельности педагога-психолога
Authors: Артемьев Алексей Васильевич
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматривается понятие системного и критического мышления. Произведен анализ формирования способностей к системному и критическому мышлению в профессиональной деятельности педагога-психолога.
Современное представление о нравственном воспитании студенческой молодежи
Authors: Агеева Любовь Сергеевна
Published: October 2018

В статье рассмотрены особенности нравственного воспитания студентов. Дана характеристика студенческой молодежи и нравственного воспитания данного возраста. Представлены современные особенности воспитания нравственности в России.
Nissen fundoplikasyonundan yıllar sonra fundusta divertikül gelişmesi: Geç komplikasyon mu? Eşlik eden durum mu?
Authors: ŞENATEŞ Ebubekir , ULAŞOĞLU Celal , ERKALMA ŞENATEŞ Banu , ÇOLAK Yaşar , BEYCA Hacer Hicran , TUNCER İlyas
Published: October 2018

Onsekiz yaşında kadın hasta polikliniğimize reflü yakınmaları (heartburn, ağza acı ekşi su gelmesi) ile başvurdu. Hastaya, 6 yaşındayken medikal tedaviye yanıtsız reflü yakınmaları nedeniyle Nissen fundoplikasyonu operasyonu yapılmış. Takiplerinde yakınmaları gerileyen hasta 6-16 yaşları arasında çeşitli Pediatrik Gastroenteroloji polikliniklerinde takip edilmiş. Hastanın kliniğimizde, yakınmalarının tetkiki amacıyla yapılan üst gastrointestinal endoskopide; özofajit (L.A. Evre A), fundusta divertikül (2*3*3 cm boyutlarında) ve antral gastrit saptandı. Yaklaşık 1.5 yıl önce yapılmış olan endoskopik incelemede (yazılı rapor ve resimlerin değerlendirilmesinde) fundusta patoloji saptanmamış. Literatürde Nissen fundoplikasyonuna sekonder erken ve geç komplikasyonlar bildirilmiştir. Erken komplikasyonlar arasında özofagus, mide perforasyonu (1), kısa gastrik damarların kesilmesine sekonder kanamalar (2,3), pnömotoraks (1), post-op bulantı kusma (4) bildirilmiştir. Geç komplikasyonlar arasında ise, gaz-şişkinlik sendromu (abdominal distansiyon, erken doyma, bulantı, üst karın ağrısı, flatulans, geğirememe, kusamama gibi semptomları içerir) (5), disfaji (6), diyare ve flatulans (7,8), rekürren heartburn (9), rekürren atipik semptomlar (10) bildirilmiştir. Ancak internet bazlı yaptığımız literatür araştırmasında daha önce benzer bir vakanın hiç yayınlanmadığını saptadık. Bu hastada da fundusta saptanan divertikülün Nissen fundoplikasyonuna sekonder mi geliştiği veya eşlik eden bir bulgu mu olduğu konusu net değildir. Ancak bu vaka ilginç olduğu için yayınlamak istedik.
La falta de medición y seguimiento en las MyPes colombianas: ¿Cuestión cultural o reflejo de una carencia de formación empresarial En sus directivos?
Authors: Gaviria Rincón Fabio Iván
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se realizará un análisis de las causas que están generando el cierre de un gran número de empresas enmarcadas dentro del sector de las MyPes (Micros y pequeñas empresas) en Colombia y se desarrolla en el marco del análisis de tres aspectos fundamentales sobre los cuales se soporta la causa del cierre de más del 80% de las empresas que cada año se crean en Colombia. Se analizará el problema de la improductividad y cierre definitivo de un gran número de ellas, debido a un tema básicamente cultural de informalidad y falta de formación empresarial de los directivos y jefes de área de todas estas organizaciones. 

Se reflexiona acerca de la posibilidad de que existan prácticas empresariales fundamentales como la Medición y el Seguimiento permanentes que no son manejadas con disciplina, o sencillamente han sido abandonadas y requieren de un replanteamiento e implementación de parte de los empresarios.
Perspectivas de responsabilidad social y ética en el rol del administrador y el contador público
Authors: Cruz Botache Leidy Paola
Published: October 2018

En el presente artículo se establecen cada una de las herramientas que permitan determinar la responsabilidad social y ética en el rol profesional del Administrador y Contador Público, el actuar de forma responsable frente a cada uno de los trabajos que puedan presentarse en el desarrollo de su profesión, partiendo de la percepción que tienen en la actualidad el ejercicio profesional. Además del análisis de la normatividad del Administrador y Contador Público en Colombia y el Código de Ética, los cuales determinan la responsabilidad que tienen frente a las organizaciones, la sociedad y el Estado.
EVOLUTION OF OUTSOURCING RELATIONS IN THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Stapran D. A.
Published: October 2018

Purpose:thepurposeofthisarticleistostudytheevolutionofoil&gasserviceoutsourcing,todeterminetrendsandfactorsthatdefinethesetrends.Thearticlealsoteststhemethodologyof“fiveforcesofoutsourcing”modelformulatedbytheauthor.

Methods:anumberoffactors,whichconstitutethe“fiveforcesofoutsourcing”model,proposedbytheauthor,influencesoutsourcing.Theelementsofthemodelaretransactioncosts,competitiveadvantages,trustandcommitment,levelofeconomicdevelopmentandthe“sourcingcycle”.Thearticleusesextensiveamountofcompanydataandmarketresearch,containsassessmentofthemarketvolumeandprospectsofitsgrowth.

Results:oil&gasservicesarethemostdynamictypeofoutsourcingintheoil&gasindustry.Thearticleanalysestheevolutionofoil&gasservicesoutsourcingforthepast20yearsthroughthelensesofthe“fiveforces”methodology.ThistypeofoutsourcingfirstemergedwhentheRussianeconomyturnedtomarketeconomy.Itstartedfromthe“groundzero”point,evolved,maturedandfinallybecameanindispensablepartoftheoil&gasindustrynowadays.Atthesametimetheoil&gasindustryreimagineditsvaluechain,havingconcentratedonitscompetitiveadvantagesandtransferredservicebusinessprocessestooutsourcingproviders.Themarketofoil&gasservicesoutsourcingpassedthetestwhenanattempttocreateastatemonopolyinthisfieldfailedduetothematurityofthemarket.

Conclusionsandrelevance:thetaskofincreasingeficiencyoftheoil&gasindustryinRussiaisparamountespeciallytakingintoaccountthedecreaseinoilprices.Outsourcingis,undoubtedly,oneofthemeansofachievingsucheficiency.Itsvolumeswillkeepgrowing.Yetsomecompanieswillcontinuetotesttheeffectivenessofinsourcingoperations.Theanalysisalsoconfirmesthevalidityofthe“fiveforces”methodologyaswellasthe“sourcingcycle”theory.
O retorno de Marx em tempos neoliberais: sobre a ontologia e a política
Authors: Silva Neto Jose Garajau da , Loureiro Carlos Bernardo Frederico
Published: October 2018

Os debates atuais que envolvem as crises cíclicas do capitalismo deixam claro existir uma dificuldade de aceitação a qualquer forma de crítica que aponte aos fundamentos do sistema, enquanto totalidade social historicamente determinada. Nosso objetivo, no presente ensaio teórico, é o de reafirmar o marxismo como método ontológico e teoria social de análise crítica do capital e de sua forma social. Reforçamos a tese de que é preciso retornar a Marx, na compreensão da totalidade social concreta, das múltiplas determinações que configuram a unidade do diverso em uma sociedade de classes, em suas contradições, diante da necessidade de se produzir a superação do sociometabolismo do capital.
Marxismo e Serviço Social: mediações e contradições entre teoria e prática
Authors: Wellen Henrique
Published: October 2018

A assimilação da teoria marxista pelo Serviço Social serviu para fortalecer a apreensão de seu locus operacional e revelar nuances contraditórias imanentes à profissão. Como expressão das contradições entre teoria e prática que fundamenta a profissão, destaca-se o sincretismo que se apresenta, intelectualmente, a partir de ecletismos teórico-metodológicos. Com o objetivo de aprofundar a análise desse fenômeno, buscou-se indicar a determinação imanente à reprodução do capital com base na relação de compra e uso da força de trabalho e que pressupõe uma imposição contraditória entre igualdade e desigualdade. Nesse sentido, no capitalismo, a defesa dos direitos sociais e das políticas sociais é combinada com a subsunção da força de trabalho, tanto pela necessidade de controle quanto pelo imperativo da produção e da acumulação de valor econômico.
Marx e a democracia: a apreensão da democracia nas obras da juventude
Authors: Ortiz Fátima da Silva Grave
Published: October 2018

O artigo pretende apresentar algumas considerações sobre o pensamento de Marx sobre a democracia em suas obras da juventude. Para tanto, recorre a análise de dois livros fundamentais como A Crítica à Filosofia do Direito de Hegel e Sobre a Questão Judaica. Tais obras mostram o desenvolvimento do pensamento de Marx sobre o tema da democracia, do Estado e da política, o que será importante para sua apreensão do funcionamento da sociedade burguesa explicitado nas obras da maturidade como O Capital.
Marx e a crítica às ilusões democráticas: escritos pós-1850
Authors: Barboza Douglas Ribeiro
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo parte do princípio de que, no pensamento marxiano, a reivindicação democrática é a concretização, no âmbito da política, da urgência de extinção das situações de alienação, da criação de condições que façam emergir as autênticas personalidades, da verdadeira liberdade. Neste sentido, debateremos alguns textos de Marx e Engels escritos principalmente a partir do final dos anos 1850, para afirmar que os pensadores comunistas rechaçaram todas as concepções táticas e estratégicas de transição do capitalismo para o socialismo que pudessem vir a desaguar numa perda de autonomia da práxis revolucionária do movimento operário, e que, mesmo valorizando a participação proletária nos espaços democráticos institucionais, nunca abandonaram a crítica às “ilusões democráticas” vinculadas aos interesses burgueses.
Política social e emancipação humana no capitalismo contemporâneo: reflexões marxistas
Authors: Caramuru Thais Soares
Published: October 2018

À luz do debate que atualmente inquieta estudiosos/as da política social, especialmente no âmbito do Serviço Social brasileiro, este artigo teve o objetivo geral de traçar algumas diretrizes do debate marxista sobre emancipação política e emancipação humana e, como objetivo específico, pretendeu sinalizar algumas proposições relacionadas a como a política social pode se constituir em mediação para a emancipação humana. Com base em pesquisa de tipo bibliográfica, em que se abordaram diferentes concepções de autores marxistas sobre o tema, apresentaram-se três sugestões a respeito da funcionalidade da política social nas lutas revolucionárias. Para além do juízo de valor a ser feito acerca do que foi proposto, argumenta-se que a política social faz parte do cotidiano da classe trabalhadora e, por isso, deve ser concebida como mediação para a busca pela emancipação humana.
O Manifesto Comunista, 170 anos mais tarde
Authors: Amin Samir
Published: October 2018

Trata-se de tradução do texto principal para a seção debates do v.10, n. 2 da revista Argumentum.
135 anos sem Marx: desafios para a esquerda mundial
Authors: Nakatani Paulo
Published: October 2018

Editorial da revista Argumentum.
Técnica de hall em pacientes infantis: estudo de caso e acompanhamento clínico-radiográfico
Authors: Gross Dayane Jaqueline , Samways Dannyanie Manosso , Melo Mariane Rodrigues , Wambier Denise Stander , Chibinski Ana Claudia
Published: October 2018

A técnica de Hall é um método restaurador atraumático para molares decíduos com a utilização de coroas metálicas pré-fabricadas sem necessidade de preparo e remoção de dentina cariada. O selamento da cavidade obtido por meio da boa adaptação da coroa evita a progressão da lesão cariosa e dá condições para a resposta biológica do dente. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a Técnica de Hall para restauração de molares decíduos com ampla destruição coronária, bem como avaliar clínica e radiograficamente os elementos tratados a fim de se verificar o desempenho ao longo do tempo da referida técnica. Após um período de avaliação de 2 meses à 3 anos, observou-se sucesso em todos os dentes restaurados pela técnica, sem sinais clínicos ou radiográficos de patologias pulpares. Concluiu-se que a técnica de Hall se mostrou um procedimento restaurador efetivo para dentes decíduos, mantendo a vitalidade e a função dos elementos dentários tratados nos pacientes acompanhados neste estudo. Trata-se de um procedimento atraumático, facilmente aceito pelo paciente infantil, que mostrou ser uma boa opção para uso diário na clínica de Odontopediatria.
Implicações do uso de bisfosfonatos na Endodontia
Authors: Pereira Maria Alice Diniz , Melgaço-Costa José Leonardo Barbosa
Published: October 2018

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Geographic tongue and atopy: is there an association?
Authors: Dick Thaylla Núñez Amin , Teixeira-Souza Thays , Carneiro Sueli , Moore Daniella , Ferreira Dennis De Carvalho , Pestana Simone , Boechat José Laerte , Milagres Adrianna , Picciani Bruna
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Objetivo: esta revisão sistemática da literatura teve como objetivo encontrar dados que esclarecessem a controvérsia sobre associação entre língua geográfica e doenças atópicas/atopia, enfatizando a correlação entre estas condições. Material e Métodos: os dados avaliados incluíram idade, sexo, história familiar e pessoal de atopia, prevalência de língua geográfica, níveis séricos de imunoglobulina E (IgE) e testes cutâneos. Resultados: 08 artigos foram selecionados e lidos na íntrega e as informações encontradas utilizadas neste estudo. Durante a revisão, houve dificuldade na padronização dos achados devido à falta de detalhes no diagnóstico de atopia e língua geográfica; e falta de análise individualizada das condições atópicas: asma, rinite ou dermatite atópica. Limitação: baixo número de publicações sobre o tema. Conclusão: com base na literatura, um número maior de dados são necessários para confirmação da relação entre língua geográfica, doenças atópicas/atopia, além de outros estudos com tamanho amostral maior, diagnóstico detalhado de atopia/ doenças atópicas e língua geográfica e dosagem sérica IgE determinada simultaneamente ao exame bucal e testes cutâneos.