bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KESADARAN DIRI DAN KEDISIPLINAN BELAJAR PADA SISWA SMA
Authors: Saroji  , Widyayanti Neni , Ama Roy Gustaf Tupen
Published: August 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kesadaran diri dengan kedisiplinan belajar pada siswa SMK “X”  Magelang. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelas XI SMK   “X” Magelang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 119 subjek. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala kedisiplin belajar dan skala kesadaran diri. Instrumen penelitian skala disiplin belajar (?) = 0,942 dengan 41 item valid dan kesadaran diri (?) = 0,921 dengan 41 item valid. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian  menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kesadaran diri dengan kedisiplinan belajar pada siswa SMK “X” Magelang dengan nilai (rxy) sebesar 0,760 , taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05). Sumbangan efektif  kesadaran diri terhadap kedisiplinan belajar adalah sebesar 57,7%. Sampel penelitian memiliki kesadaran diri dengan kategori sedang sebesar 70,6% dan kedisiplinan belaja dengan kategori sedang sebesar 63,9%.
STUDI KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA MASA PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Soputan Shania Dea Menany , Mulawarman Mulawarman
Published: August 2021

Kesejahteraan psikologis berakibat pada keadaan fisik dan mental remaja di masa pandemi Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesejahteraan psikologis remaja pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain survei. Melalui teknik proportionate stratified random sampling, maka diperoleh 306 sampel remaja sebagai sumber data penelitian yang mewakili populasi yaitu SMA Negeri Kecamatan Semarang Tengah. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan rumus statistik deskriptif sehingga diperoleh hasil bahwa kesejahteraan psikologis remaja berada pada kategori sedang (M = 72,09; SD = 8,64). Terkait hal ini guru BK perlu memberikan intervensi kepada remaja sekolah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis.
Women Agents in the East German State Security
Authors: Wegener Friis Thomas , Müller-Enbergs Helmut
Published: August 2021

In the communist camp during the Cold War, exercising
power was a male domain. The Ministry of State Security (MfS) of the former
German Democratic Republic (GDR) was no exception. Within the organization,
women were employed but they rarely made a career. In the bottom of the State
Security hierarchy were the agents. This article examines who were the women
agents in the rank of the MfS. Based on statistical materials, it gives an
overview of women’s role and the character of their covert work. Inspired by
Andrea Petö’s introduction of the concept of controlling images to intelligence
studies, particular focus is devoted to the question whether the MfS agents
complied to the stereotypes of women in intelligence work.
Detection of Phospholipase and Asparty1 Protaines gens in Candida Species Isolated From Mammary Candidiasis in Lactating Women
Authors: Abrar Mohammed Qneed Al-Dafay  , Khairi Jameel AL-Ruaby  , Alwan Abed Hamadi AlQushawi
Published: August 2021

Breast and nipple thrush (BNT) is a yeast infection of the nipple and breast caused by a fungal organism knownas Candida albicans, a common cause of all thrush infections. It occurs most commonly in breastfeedingmothers. The infection may lead to severe nipple and breast pain, especially during breastfeeding. Thecurrent study was conducted at Al-Kut hospital for Gynecology, obstetrics and pediatrics, and TaibaSpecialist Centerin Wasit province. (162) milk samples were collected from lactating wommen suspected tohave mammary candidiasis infections according to the clinical manifestations diagnosed by the examiningphysician and patient with symptom , then, the samples were examined by optical microscopy and celldetection which show evidence of the presence of pathogenic yeast. Samples were cultured in sabouraudagar and then in chrom agar to classify the organisms, and they were held for further conformation and todetect the most common virulence factor gen by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Molecular identificationof Candida spp in this study, done by conventional PCR by partial amplification gene encoding for largesubunit of 18S rRNA gene by specific primer sequences. The yield of the detection C. albicans and C.parapsilosis, was 37/37(100%) (100%) and 15/15 (100%), respectively. The results of PCR amplificationof( SAP1-8)genes in Candida isolates (61) were SAP1 gen was present in 61/61(100%) , SAP2 gen was54/61(96%), SAP3 gen was 45/61(86%), SAP4 gen was 35/61(76%), SAP5 gen was 32/61(66%), SAP6 genwas 45/61(60%), SAP7 gen was 35/61(30%) and SAP8 gen was 21/61(34%). By molecular technique usingPCR (PLB1-2 gene) and sequencing, it was seen that Seventeen isolates belong C. albicans were positivefor PLB1 gene 17/61 (91.6%). Fourteen isolates belong C. albicans were positive for PLB1 gene 14/61.
Civilian Missile Injuries in Iraq after 2003, Misan as an Example
Authors: Haithem Abd Al-Khazrajee
Published: August 2021

A retrospective study analyzing data of patients admitted because of missile injuries over more than onedecade in Misan, Iraq.4098 patients were involved in the study, 3550 patients sustained bullet injuries and 548patients sustained explosive injuries. Urban young male patients were mainly affected. Periods of politicalinstability and civilian unrest were associated with increasing numbers of affected patients especially theyears (2003-2007) and (2014-2015). Fatal injuries were due to bullet injuries rather than explosive injuries.In conclusions effective legislations regulating the use of weapon in the civilian life, political stability, andinternational supports are important factors that help the country to reduce the effect of this problem.
Detection of Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-31 among Patients with Uremic Pruritus
Authors: Hiba Mohammed Jasim  , Ismail Ibrahim Latif  , Nabeel Khalid Al Wandi
Published: August 2021

Uremic pruritus is a form of chronic itching that affects patients with advanced end-stage renal disease. Itis one of the most common symptoms in patients with end-stage renal disease, with approximately 60–90percent of patients on hemodialysis (HD) experiencing it. The study aims to assess the role of interleukin-31and Interleukin-2 in the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus among hemodialysis patients attending the EbnSina Dialysis Center in Diyala, and Correlation between Interleukin 31 and Interleukin-2 with severityof uremic pruritus. A study was performed from 1 Sep 2020 to 20 Jan 2021 in Ebn Sina Dialysis center,Diyala Governorate. the study was conducted on 150 patients with CKD divided to two groups, 75 patientswith uremic pruritus and 75 patients without uremic pruritus, the control groups was 26 healthy persons.Itch intensity was scored by VAS as mild, moderate and severe. Serum IL-31 levels and serum IL-2 levelswere determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methodology. The various characteristics pfpruritus was assessed using an interview questionnaire. MS excel package and SPSS 20 software was usedfor analysis. Among 226 HD patient excluded under 20 age and hepatitis C and Hepatitis B HD patients,33.8% had uremic pruritus. The patients with pruritus had higher serum IL-31 levels and IL-2 than thosewithout uremic pruritus and control groups, it was statically significant. As well as the IL-31 and IL-2showed no significant differences among patients with mild, moderate, and severe itch. IL-31 and IL-2 playimportant role in the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus. Further studies to confirm the role of cytokines in thepathogenesis of UP.
A Survey of the Sand Fly Species and Comparing them with the Rates of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Baghdad Boil) in Different Habitats of Kut City- Wasit Province
Authors: Rhadi Mahran Mohsan  , Khais Muri Laabusi AL-Aaidi
Published: August 2021

The study was carried out in different habitats of Kut city (the center of Wasit governorate) during the periodfrom 1 January to the end of December 2020. It was included a survey of sand fly species that carry theparasites that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis. The results were showed to three types of sand flies (Phlebotomuspapatasi, Sergentomiya sintoni and Phlebotomus sergenti), (67.1, 21.4 and 11.3%), respectively. The studyshowed to find 214 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, as the Al-Kut District Center recorded the highestrate of infection, reached 30% (65 cases). While regions of Al-Battar village, Al-Karimiyyah and Al-Jamaaneighborhood recorded 9% (2 cases) for each, which is the lowest rate. The infection rate in Novemberreached 24.7% (53 cases), which is the highest rate, while July was 1.40 % (3 cases), which is the lowest rateof infection. The study was indicated that males are more susceptible to sand fly bites, with rate 55.6%, whilethe rate of targeting of females is 44.3%. The study showed that the rate of sand fly infestation for childrenage of (1-5) years was 25.2%, which is the highest, while its injury rate in age (61-65) years reached 0.46%,which is the lowest rate.
Creditability of Cardiac Biomarkers in Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Tamara Ablahad Hanna  , Muataz A. AL-Qazzaz
Published: August 2021

Background: Natural deaths constitute a significant portion of total deaths cases received for autopsy ingeneral. Cardiovascular system occupies the vast majority of natural death causes. Sudden cardiac deathis a catastrophic complication of a number of cardiovascular diseases and affect all ages. Death is mostlyunexpected and has a devastating impact on both the surviving family and community. Clinicians use cardiacmarkers, highly sensitive and specific for detection of myocardial damage to screen living patients for acutemyocardial infarction (AMI), however to that point, the utility of those markers for diagnosis of cardiacdeath in autopsy setting has not been fully established. Materials and Methods: A prospective postmortemcase control study was carried out on 103 medico-legal cases referred to the Medico-Legal directorate inBaghdad during 6 months period in 2020. The cases under study were classified in to two groups, those dieddue to cardiac causes (53) as cases group, and those died due to traumatic causes (50) as control group. Bloodsamples were collected using disposable syringes to withdraw 3-5ml of blood then immediately centrifugedto separate the serum and stored at -20°C till biochemical analysis for cardiac biomarkers (High sensitivetroponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenase). Results: Males constituted 77%from the total number while females constituted 23%. The mean age of the total study group was 42.57±15.125 years with a range between 11-72 years. The total number of cases group were 53 case( 77% maleand 23% female) with a mean age of 48.89±12.566, compared with 50 cases as controls group from the totalnumber(76%male and 24% female) with mean age of 35.88±14.825. Sensitivity of High sensitive troponinI was 96.2% which was acceptable and it’s specificity for diagnosis of sudden cardiac causes of death was22% which was very low. While Sensitivities of MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenasewere 96.2% and 94.3% respectively and their specificities were 6% and 14% respectively. There were nocorrelations between post mortem interval and all three biochemical parameters levels. Conclusion: Highsensitive troponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenase were not reliable as diagnosticbiomarkers for sudden cardiac deaths without gross postmortem and histopathological examination. Therewere no correlations between the three biomarkers (High sensitive troponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinaseand Lactate dehydrogenase) and the post mortem interval .
The formation of zinc coatings in nanocrystallised zinc powders
Authors: Galin Rashit , Khina Boris , Shaburova Natalia , Wassilkowska Anna
Published: August 2021

The kinetics of and mechanism for galvanising low-carbon steel (0.2% C)
were examined in powder media which were pre-treated to obtain a fine
nanostructured ZnO layer on the surface of zinc powder particles. The effective
diffusion coefficient of Zn atoms through the ZnO shell was estimated to be in the
order of 1·10-10 m2·s-1. The contribution of the Zn-gas evaporation/condensation
microprocesses, which could occur in relation to the above diffusion through
a nanostructured surface layer, was evaluated with numerical calculations in the
temperature range of 550–950 K and for an average particle size of ZnO up to
100 nm. Our results suggest that the outward diffusion of metallic zinc takes
place from the core of powder microparticles across the nano-grain boundaries
of their modified surface layer, and can be further intensified by the presence of
other inter-phase defects, such as nano-porosity.
Inequalities for complex rational functions
Authors: Bidkham M. , Khojastehnezhad E.
Published: August 2021

UDC 517.5
For the rational function having all its zeros in it is known thatwhere is a positive integer, and In this paper, we improve the above mentioned inequality for the rational function with all zeros in and a zero of order at the origin. Our main results refine and generalize some known rational inequalities.
Фредгольмові крайові задачі в просторах Соболєва – Слободецького
Authors: Mikhailets V. A. , Skorobodach T. B.
Published: August 2021

УДК 517.927Дослiджено найбiльш широкий клас одновимiрних лiнiйних крайових задач, розв’язки яких пробiгають заданий простiр Соболєва-Слободецького. Знайдено необхiднi i достатнi умови однозначної розв’язностi таких задач. Доведено критерiй неперервностi їх розв’язкiв за параметром у цьому просторi.
The COVID-19 pandemic, remittances and financial inclusion in the Philippines
Authors: Yamada Eiji , Shimizutani Satoshi , Murakami Enerelt
Published: August 2021

Recent literature has revealed that financial inclusion enhances economic opportunities and security in developing countries. Moreover, a greater inflow of remittances can promote inclusiveness. In this paper, we explore the potential impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on financial inclusion by focusing on its detrimental effect on remittance flows to developing countries. Using a household-level dataset collected in rural regions of the Philippines prior to the outbreak, we confirm that remittances are associated with financial inclusion, particularly for women. We discuss the potential impacts of the pandemic on financial inclusion through the change in the flow of remittances. We show that a substantial decline in remittances caused by the COVID-19 crisis may have an adverse effect on financial inclusion in the Philippines.
COLOR DESIGNATIONS IN THE CHUVASH AND CHINESE LANGUAGES: ON THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY
Authors: Калинина Екатерина Евгеньевна
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена вопросам изучения цветообозначений в чувашском и китайском языках. Цель работы - рассмотреть и систематизировать накопленный в изучении чувашских и китайских цветообозначений опыт. Основой для исследования послужили научные работы по данной теме. Выявлено, что сохраняется устойчивый интерес лингвистов к изучению цвета в самых различных аспектах и направлениях.Актуальность исследования определяется пристальным вниманием к изучению взаимодействия языка, культуры и этноса, где семантическое поле цветообозначения рассматривается как компонент культурного кода. В чувашском языкознании лексика цветообозначений пока не получила должного освещения. Встречаются работы фрагментарного характера, в которых затрагиваются вопросы этноспецифических особенностей символики цвета. Категория цвета в китайском языке широко исследовалась как зарубежными, так и отечественными языковедами.На основе сопоставительного обзора научных работ автор приходит к выводу, что в чувашском и китайском языках исследователи уделяют внимание изучению семантических особенностей слов-цветообозначений, их употреблению в художественных произведениях, анализу в аспекте языковой картины мира, в частности на примере фразеологических и паремиологических единиц. Предпочтение отдается сопоставительным исследованиям цветообозначений в основном с русским и английским языками.

This article is devoted to the color designations in the Chuvash and Chinese languages. The purpose of the work is to consider and systematize the accumulated experience in the study of the Chuvash and Chinese color designations. The study is based on the research works devoted to the subject under consideration. It was revealed that linguists are still interested in the study of color in various aspects and focus areas .The relevance of the work is determined by a very close attention to the study of the interaction of language, culture and ethnicity, which semantic field of color designation is considered as a component of the cultural code. In Chuvash linguistics , the vocabulary of color designations has not been studied properly yet.. There are some works of a fragmentary nature, in which the issues of ethnic specific features of color symbolism are raised. However, the color category in the Chinese language has been widely studied by both foreign and domestic linguists.Based on the comparative review of scientific works, the author comes to the conclusion that in the Chuvash and Chinese languages, researchers pay attention to the study of the semantic features of words of color designations, their use in literary works, analysis in the aspect of the world linguistic picture, in particular, exemplified by phraseological and paremiological units. The preference is given to comparative studies of color designations mainly in the Russian and English languages.
CAPÍTULO 2 - Assistência social
Authors: Mesquita Ana Cleusa Serra , Paiva Andrea Barreto de , Campos Filho Antonio Claret , Licio Elaine Cristina , Ribeiro Igo Gabriel dos Santos , Silva Letícia Bartholo de Oliveira e , Jaccoud Luciana de Barros , Souza Luana Passos de , Castro Mayara Gouveia de , Oliveira Raissa Menezes de
Published: August 2021

Sinaliza a continuidade das principais ações desenvolvidas na proteção social básica e especial, mas destaca, em particular, o lançamento de um novo programa voltado para a primeira infância: Criança Feliz. Não obstante a complexidade do tema primeira infância, a estratégia está centrada na realização de visitas domiciliares a famílias com crianças na primeira infância em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Desde o seu lançamento, o Criança Feliz suscita incertezas nos principais atores envolvidos na Política de Assistência Social, não só pela sua forma de concepção e lançamento ser estranha à institucionalidade construída nesta política, mas também por sua eventual inadequação em relação aos objetivos protetivos consolidados da área na última década. Considerando a existência de outras ações na política direcionadas ao acompanhamento familiar (por exemplo, Proteção e Atendimento Integral à Família – Paif), incertezas se colocam sobre a novidade da estratégia e principalmente quanto à sua relação com outros serviços desenvolvidos no Suas. Por fim, é analisada a execução orçamentária do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (MDS), no período entre 2014 e 2016, sinalizando que a Política de Assistência Social sofreu perdas importantes, e estas poderão ser ainda maiores diante do novo teto de gastos estabelecido pela EC no 95/2016, como aponta o orçamento de 2017.
Evaluación educativa en educación parvularia: análisis de un modelo durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje
Authors: Toro Galaz Francisca Marina
Published: August 2021

Durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en los niveles de educación parvularia es fundamental llevar a cabo una evaluación educativa sistemática, real, objetiva y en equipo, entendiéndola como una guía para el proceso. Es necesario comprenderla, además, como una instancia que favorece la observación, la identificación, el seguimiento y la toma de decisiones tanto para la mejora de la práctica educativa como para enriquecer el aprendizaje de los párvulos. La siguiente investigación-acción se llevó a cabo junto con los niños/as y el equipo de aula de un Nivel de Transición 2, y tuvo como objetivo mejorar las prácticas evaluativas, analizando el efecto de la evaluación en la construcción del aprendizaje de los párvulos. Para ello se ejecutaron y analizaron diversas intervenciones, las cuales demostraron, en los resultados, los efectos positivos de llevar a cabo una evaluación sistemática, no dicotómica y que se complementó con la autoevaluación de los niños/as.
Diversidad cultural: análisis de su atención pedagógica en la práctica educativa en la primera infancia
Authors: Aracena Lobos Carmen Andrea
Published: August 2021

En la actualidad se busca incorporar estrategias que atiendan a la diversidad cultural en la educación inicial. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue comprender la atención pedagógica a la diversidad cultural en un nivel de sala cuna. La metodología utilizada fue la investigación-acción, con recolección de datos a partir de las técnicas de observación participante y entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados sobre las acciones implementadas dieron cuenta de un reconocimiento y valoración de la diversidad cultural, así como también la necesidad de dar continuidad a las acciones realizadas. La investigación permitió concluir que las acciones implementadas lograron atender pedagógicamente a la diversidad cultural del aula y la evaluación realizada sirvió para iniciar un nuevo proceso de investigación-acción.
Közszolgálati minták, modellek és trendek az Európai Unió tagállamaiban
Authors: Hazafi Zoltán
Published: August 2021

This paper examines various public service models with special regard to their evolution defining characteristics and patterns. It displays the dynamics between trendsetter and follower countries and reviews the trends of the HR development of EU Member States. Regarding the latter, it analyses the transition from career-based system to position-based ones as well as the deregulation of public law. The basis for categorization is direction of progress and current stage of transition. The paper builds on the findings of the Public Service Law and HR Research Centre of the Hungarian University of Public Service (2018).
Személyügyi döntéstámogatás informatikai rendszerének bevezetése a magyar közszolgálatban
Authors: Hazafi Zoltán , Szekér Enikő
Published: August 2021

For a long time, the most significant development project of the government’s HR policy after 2010 has been the project titled ’Strategic support for the supply of competitive public service personnel.’ The name of the project is a good expression for the focus of development, which is directed on increasing competitiveness and sustainable supply of personnel in the long run. Whatever it is, neither of them can be implemented without data- and fact-based workforce planning, so the development of an IT system supporting government personnel decisions is of high priority in the project. The aim of the study is to address the issue of optimal staff in national and international contexts, the importance of strategic workforce planning and its results abroad. Further goals are to analyze the attempts to establish a public service personnel register, together with its failures and lessons learned, and to present in details the IT system implemented within the framework of the project. The authors are convinced that the new personnel IT system will make Hungary to one of the leading countries in the field of both public service HRM and administrative digitalization.
Az új rendvédelmi tehetségmenedzsment-rendszer tudományos megalapozása II. A munkahelyi tehetségmenedzsment pszichológiai alapjai
Authors: Fodor Szilvia , Olajos Tímea
Published: August 2021

The goal of this study is to give an overview of the concept of talent management and its recent topics, on the basis of which a general organizational talent management system could be set up. Presenting the definitions and some models of talent management is followed by the introduction of competency models, which can serve as useful framework for talent support at work. The findings of empirical researches and good practices in the field shed light on the challenges and the importance of the topic, and mark the principles of talent support. At theend of the study a Complex Organizational Talent Management Model and the first practical steps towards it are introduced, which promote the development of a consensual and stable talent management system in organizations.
АНАЛИЗ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ
ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ СЕТЕВОГО ТРАФИКА
Authors: Лапкин К. М. , Данилова Е. В.
Published: August 2021

В статье представлен обзор таких нейронных сетей, как: полносвязная, сверточная, рекуррентная с моделью долгой кратковременной памяти и рекуррентная с моделью долгой кратковременной памяти и обратной авторегрессионной связью. Нейронные сети применены на реальных данных подключений к веб-серверу Nginx.
HaloSat Observation of the Virgo Intracluster Medium
Authors: Hewitt Nathan H. , Kaaret Philip , Fuller Chase A.
Published: August 2021

Contained within a galaxy cluster, the Intracluster Medium is comprised of hot, X-ray emitting material between member galaxies. The nearest (∼16.1 Mpc) large galaxy cluster is Virgo. Virgo covers an approximately 12° diameter field, making it challenging to observe in its entirety. The HaloSat satellite utilized a 7° radius field of view to obtain the first full cluster observations since 1994. We then fit the cluster spectra with a plasma emission model of fixed metallicity. Our best fit temperature is kT = 1.39 ± 0.11 keV. We report a cluster luminosity of 5.8 ± 0.7 × 1043 erg s−1 and an emission measure of 5.8 ± 0.6 × 1066 cm−3.
Stability with general decay rate of hybrid neutral stochastic pantograph differential equations driven by Lévy noise
Authors: Zhang Tian , Gao Chuanhou
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on the \begin{document}$ p $\end{document}th moment and almost sure stability with general decay rate (including exponential decay, polynomial decay, and logarithmic decay) of highly nonlinear hybrid neutral stochastic pantograph differential equations driven by L\begin{document}$ \acute{e} $\end{document}vy noise (NSPDEs-LN). The crucial techniques used are the Lyapunov functions and the nonnegative semi-martingale convergence theorem. Simultaneously, the diffusion operators are permitted to be controlled by several additional functions with time-varying coefficients, which can be applied to a broad class of the non-autonomous hybrid NSPDEs-LN with highly nonlinear coefficients. Besides, \begin{document}$ H_\infty $\end{document} stability and the almost sure asymptotic stability are also concerned. Finally, two examples are offered to illustrate the validity of the obtained theory.
A unified derivative-free projection method model for large-scale nonlinear equations with convex constraints
Authors: Ou Yigui , Xu Wenjie
Published: August 2021

Motivated by recent derivative-free projection methods proposed in the literature for solving nonlinear constrained equations, in this paper we propose a unified derivative-free projection method model for large-scale nonlinear equations with convex constraints. Under mild conditions, the global convergence and convergence rate of the proposed method are established. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model, a practical algorithm is devised and the corresponding numerical experiments are reported, which show that the proposed practical method is efficient and can be applied to solve large-scale nonsmooth equations. Moreover, the proposed practical algorithm is also extended to solve the obstacle problem.
Optimization of the product service supply chain under the influence of presale services
Authors: Ren Xiaohui , Chang Daofang , Shen Jin
Published: August 2021

For some high-value and technology-intensive products, customers first ask service integrators to provide presales consulting services for products with potential demand. Improving the service level of presales service will increase service costs and reduce profits, but it can also increase the demand for products. The change in market demand under the influence of services will result in a series of chain reactions, such as changes in supply chain inventory costs and distribution costs. Thus, this paper considers the changes in the product service supply chain (PSSC) network caused by changes in presale service levels and service prices from the overall perspective of the supply chain and chooses a reasonable service level and price so that service integrators and product suppliers in PSSCs can achieve a win-win situation while meeting customer needs. First, a PSSC network optimization model is established considering the presale service level and price. Then, a double-layer nested genetic algorithm with constraint reasoning is proposed to solve this problem. Finally, by calculating the PSSC case of a building material company that produces a water mist spray system for ships, the feasibility and practicability of the algorithm was verified.
Relaxation schemes for the joint linear chance constraint based on probability inequalities
Authors: Wang Yanjun , Liu Shisen
Published: August 2021

This paper is concerned with the joint chance constraint for a system of linear inequalities. We discuss computationally tractble relaxations of this constraint based on various probability inequalities, including Chebyshev inequality, Petrov exponential inequalities, and others. Under the linear decision rule and additional assumptions about first and second order moments of the random vector, we establish several upper bounds for a single chance constraint. This approach is then extended to handle the joint linear constraint. It is shown that the relaxed constraints are second-order cone representable. Numerical test results are presented and the problem of how to choose proper probability inequalities is discussed.
A class of explicit implicit alternating difference schemes for generalized time fractional Fisher equation
Authors: Qin Xiao ,   School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, Yang Xiaozhong , Lyu Peng
Published: August 2021

The generalized time fractional Fisher equation is one of the significant models to describe the dynamics of the system. The study of effective numerical techniques for the equation has important scientific significance and application value. Based on the alternating technique, this article combines the classical explicit difference scheme and the implicit difference scheme to construct a class of explicit implicit alternating difference schemes for the generalized time fractional Fisher equation. The unconditional stability and convergence with order $ O\left({\tau }^{2-\alpha }+{h}^{2}\right) $ of the proposed schemes are analyzed. Numerical examples are performed to verify the theoretical analysis. Compared with the classical implicit difference scheme, the calculation cost of the explicit implicit alternating difference schemes is reduced by almost $ 60 $%. Numerical experiments show that the explicit implicit alternating difference schemes are also suitable for solving the time fractional Fisher equation with initial weak singularity and have an accuracy of order $ O\left({\tau }^{\alpha }+{h}^{2}\right) $, which verify that the methods proposed in this paper are efficient for solving the generalized time fractional Fisher equation.
The Digital Economy Readiness Study
Authors: Liska Radek
Published: August 2021

The Czech Republic has experienced tremendous growth over the last three decades. However, as the previously exploited competitive advantages (e.g., low labour cost) lose growth potential, the country has to address the digital economy sector. The digital economy readiness study analyses and merges findings from the European and OECD databases, outlining the current situation in the country. Also, the study compares the skill set supplied by the Czech workforce with the global market situation. Research areas cover analysis of diverse factors such as age, education, gender, and nationality. Study results show that the Czech Republic has a substantial competitive advantage both within the EU and across OECD thanks to its highly skilled workforce. Hence, ongoing digital transformation gives a positive outlook for further development of the Czech digital economy.
Financial Technology Ecosystem in Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Anshari Muhammad , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil , Masri Masairol
Published: August 2021

Financial technology (FinTech) is new innovation to create a better financial ecosystem for both consumers and business. The research proposes a modeling framework on how to connect public and business to promote social work activities and at the same time financially reward through a FinTech as a platform. The study deployed a mixed methods to assess public perspectives on FinTech's ecosystem in promoting a healthy lifestyle. It is expected to encourage people who are physically active to participate in raising funds for social work activities and at the same time generate income for the participants. The ecosystem provides people more meaning to collect their distance in kilometers by either walking, running, or cycling that will impact physically, socially, and financially to promote a healthy society.
Plant Disease Detection Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Ghosh Sukanta , Arya Shubhanshu , Singh Amar
Published: August 2021

Agricultural production is one of the main factors affecting a country's domestic market situation. Many problems are the reasons for estimating crop yields, which vary in different parts of the world. Overuse of chemical fertilizers, uneven distribution of rainfall, and uneven soil fertility lead to plant diseases. This forces us to focus on effective methods for detecting plant diseases. It is important to find an effective plant disease detection technique. Plants need to be monitored from the beginning of their life cycle to avoid such diseases. Observation is a kind of visual observation, which is time-consuming, costly, and requires a lot of experience. For speeding up this process, it is necessary to automate the disease detection system. A lot of researchers have developed plant leaf detection systems based on various technologies. In this chapter, the authors discuss the potential of methods for detecting plant leaf diseases. It includes various steps such as image acquisition, image segmentation, feature extraction, and classification.
The Impact of Digital Transformation and Virtual Reality in Tourism Marketing
Authors: Yuce Ali
Published: August 2021

The study is trying to build and present a body of knowledge about the relationship between growing digital transformation and the tourism industry from the marketing perspective. As information communication technologies became more sophisticated and affordable with their size, price, and functionalities, more innovative marketing approaches are emerged to influence the consumers' behaviours and perceptions that ultimately influence intention to visit a tourism product or service. Integration of smartphones with virtual reality has revolutionized digital marketing and the tourism industry by influencing consumers' attitudes and behaviours more than other technologies. Moreover, discovering the crucial features of VR technology can help to increase customer satisfaction and improve business growth in the tourism industry. Therefore, this chapter strives to expand our understanding by exploring the functionalities and unique features of VR technology for productivity growth, consumer engagement, and creating alternative digitalized tourism opportunities.
The Degree of SMEs Digitalization in the Context of the European Digital United Market
Authors: Iuga Iulia Cristina
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate, based on official statistical data, Romania's situation on SME marketing adaptation to the digital economy compared to 25 other European countries. The chapter will consist of three parts: Part 1, “Digital Economy”; Part 2, “Marketing of SMEs in the Context of the Digital Age”; Part 3, “The Analysis of the Degree of Digitisation of SMEs and the Creation of Favourable Conditions for this Process in the EU: Application - Hellwig's Classic Taxonomic Method.” The situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic will also be included. The author presents the main aspects of SME marketing and the new characteristics and trends of their marketing in the 'digital age'. This paper aims at the following objectives: 1) to show how the economy is influenced by new technologies and 2) to highlight Romania's position among other European countries in the application of electronic marketing techniques among SMEs.
Digital Transformation of Luxury Brands
Authors: Polat Volkan
Published: August 2021

Competition among brands has become quite severe due to recent technological developments. These developments can bring some companies to an end, while for some companies they can turn into an opportunity, or the innovations brought by technology can open new ways for companies to work. While capturing these technological developments, companies have begun to transform these innovations into strategies. In addition to the classical marketing strategies and implementations, there are now also companies that use digital transformation in their marketing plans and actions, and they try to integrate the customer with these new types of marketing. Luxury brands have a lot of distinction from other categories with their marketing approaches and tools. Therefore, it is obvious that luxury brands must adapt to this digital transformation. This study aimed to draw a framework for their omnichannel strategies and implementations considering the characteristics of luxury brands and customers.
E-Commerce and Its Role in the Development of India's Indigenous Product Base
Authors: Bhat Javaid Ahmad , Dhar Sushmita
Published: August 2021

This work aims to fathom how the traditional and the indigenous product base of India will change if it rides the supersonic flight of the booming e-commerce sector. E-commerce has registered unprecedented growth in the developed world, and in the developing world, the transition is more visible and is garnering a foothold in a multitude of ways. Propelled by rising smartphone penetration, 4G networks, and increasing consumer wealth, the Indian e-commerce market is expected to grow significantly. Addendum to this will be the initiatives taken to indicate the transition. One such prospective sector that will ensure this is India's traditionally produced/manufactured or exclusive homegrown products. Linking these locally vibrant products or goods in states per se with e-commerce will ensure the growth and development of the said products and will stretch their outreach both in the country and worldwide. This in turn will ensure the development of the particular regions and the country as a whole apart from carving an undaunted place in the export portfolio of the country.
Shielding Members of Parliament Against Court Summons
Authors: Asante Mark , Botchway Thomas Prehi
Published: August 2021

Immunities, though part of the law of the land, are to a certain extent an exemption from the general law. Certain rights and immunities such as freedom of speech belong primarily to individual members of parliament and exist because the House cannot perform its functions without unimpeded use of the services of its members. Ostensibly, the degree to which members of parliament are immune from legal inquiry may presumably accord them greater probability to abuse their mandate. In general, a court summons is the beginning of a legal case. It signals the issue that needs to be adjudicated. However, the introduction of immunity invalidates some tenets of modern democracy such as a court summons. The authors seek to examine some of the uncertainties and ambiguities that might have arisen out of the court decision in the case Republic v Mahama Ayariga with much consideration of other cases. The chapter provides a thorough picture of the systems of parliamentary immunity and recommends ways of curbing observed challenges with the practice.
A Thorough Presentation of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2)
Authors: Papaefstathiou Elpis
Published: August 2021

ADOS-2 is considered the gold standard observational instrument for use in the diagnosis and/or classification of autism and ASD. In this chapter, the process of assessment will be described, which involves direct observation and engagement of children and adults for whom an ASD is suspected. Specifically, an emphasis will be put on ADOS structure, namely the five different modules for the assessment. Then, the advantages of ADOS-2 will be elaborated as a diagnostic tool and a brief review of studies concerning its psychometric properties will be reported.
Robotics Applications in the Training of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Gkiolnta Eleni
Published: August 2021

Children with autism spectrum disorders encounter many difficulties in their social interactions with other people. Impairments in verbal and non-verbal communication, as well as repetitive and stereotypical behaviors, are some of the most common characteristics of this disorder. Along with other treatments and methods, the use of robotics is a relatively new and promising field, which can be implemented in most classrooms. Socially assistive robotics (SAR) is a subcategory of robotic technology that emanated from social robotics and assistive robotics. SAR can be used to enhance literacy skills, social communication, adaptive behaviors, and emotion recognition. In this chapter, the authors discuss some of the most popular robotic tools used in autism interventions for school-aged children, as well as ways to implement robotic partners in inclusive settings.
Digital Leadership Competencies in the Malaysian Context
Authors: Maruthuvellu Sree Gayithri , Salamzadeh Yashar , Richardson Christopher
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the most important digital leadership competencies for managers in Malaysia and to develop the profile of digital leadership competencies among managers in Malaysia. This study adopted quantitative research method and cross-sectional study. In order to provide a better understanding of the digital leadership competencies in Malaysia, the researcher uses exploratory factor analysis and fuzzy topsis method in interpreting results. The importance of each dimension was determined and compared with current performance. Hence, importance-performance charts were provided to elaborate the research results. This study will inspire managers to embrace change and to develop new competencies needed in order to guide their organizations into the uncertain future of the digital age. This study being the first in its kind will extend the knowledge of digital leadership competencies particularly in Malaysian context. Further, it enhances the literature by provided empirical evidence on the importance and how to develop the profile among managers.
Application of Fuzzy Topsis and Taguchi Methods for Optimization Problems With Disruptive Risk
Authors: Aksoy Tamer , Karakaya Gencay , Ghorbani Shahryar
Published: August 2021

Ranking and choosing research projects and analyzing experiments are usually difficult and complex responsibilities for professional research councils at universities and research centers. Its complexity stems from having more than one variable in each project, and the participation of many decision-makers in the ranking process and selection of research projects based on many variables. The fuzzy set theory provides the required flexibility to show the uncertainty about the lack of knowledge, and also it can manage the uncertainty in the real world that the values of criteria are not defined properly. For this purpose, in the environment where the criteria of research projects are vaguely defined, the ranking methods such as Taguchi, which can reduce the number of experiments and making process more efficient, can be used for quality design in designing and processing product. In this work, first of all, the authors review fuzzy TOPSIS technique and the Taguchi method as well; then they approach research efficiency and optimization of the level of effective parameters in an experiment.
The Impact of Environmental Concern on Consumers' Attitude and Intention Toward Electric Vehicles
Authors: Tunçel Niray , Buğday Esna Betül
Published: August 2021

This research aims to analyze the impact of environmental concerns on Turkish consumers' attitudes toward and intention to purchase EVs. It is also aimed to investigate the role of demographical characteristics—gender, age, income, and education—on those impacts. Given the purpose, a descriptive study was conducted through an online survey with a sample of 334 consumers. The research findings indicate that environmental concern plays a significantly influential role in the attitude toward and intention to purchase EVs. The study also confirms that environmental concern impacts on the attitude and intention toward EVs differs in terms of gender, age, and income. Only women show a positive influence of environmental concern on the attitude toward EVs. There is no difference in the direct or indirect link between EV purchase intention and environmental concern for age groups. Environmental concern's indirect influence on the intention to buy EVs is the highest and significantly different for the consumers with 7500-9999 TL income.
Adoption of Wearable Technology Devices
Authors: Benderlioğlu Bengi Meriç , Ata U. Zeynep
Published: August 2021

With rapid change in technology worldwide, innovative products such as wearable technology devices tend to have an uprising trend. Consumers, however, are not necessarily adaptive in their nature and their perception is shaped by many factors. The aim of this research is to investigate the consumer acceptance of wearable technology devices, specifically smartwatches. The study extends the widely used technology acceptance model with the introduction of new variables. For the purpose of the study, survey data was collected from German and Turkish university students. The overall results provide validation to previous literature while introducing new factors for consumer acceptance of technology products, wearable technology devices, and smartwatches. Importance of this research comes from the innovative and promising nature of the wearable technology devices concept, the lack of work on smartwatches in literature, as well as the cross-cultural nature of the study. The study also has managerial implications for technology companies who chase after growth in their businesses.
Comparative Analysis of MCDM Methods for the Evaluation of Optimum Green Energy Sources
Authors: Bhowmik Chiranjib , Dhar Sreerupa , Ray Amitava
Published: August 2021

The aim of this article is to select the optimum green energy sources for sustainable planning from a given set of energy alternatives. This study examines the combined behavior of multi-criteria decision-making approaches-TOPSIS, MOOSRA and COPRAS are used to evaluate the green energy sources–solar, hydro, biogas and biomass and to identify the optimum source by appraising its functioning features based on entropy probability technique. An illustrative case study is presented in order to demonstrate the application feasibility of the combined approaches for the ranking of optimum green energy sources. The analyzed results show that biogas is the optimum green energy source having the highest score value obtained by combined approaches. The sensitivity analysis shows the robustness of the combined approaches with the highest effectiveness. The study not only considers the various cost criteria but other actors like power generation, implementation period and useful life are also considered to select the optimum green energy sources for future project investment.