bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental verification of pedagogical conditions for preparing future educators to foster sociocultural competence in older preschoolers
Authors: Tsapliuk Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article examines the process of formulating and experimentally verifying the pedagogical conditions necessary for preparing future educators to develop sociocultural competence in older preschool children. The pedagogical conditions were formulated based on the results of factor analysis, which identified four primary factors: organizational, personal, theoretical-subject, and practicalsubject. The pedagogical conditions included ensuring the integrative nature of the educational process based on modern pedagogical and technological solutions, fostering a stable motivation to build a theoretical-methodological foundation for educators, enhancing the content and subject richness of educational materials, and emphasizing an environmental focus within the practical component of the educational process. To verify the effectiveness of these conditions, a model and an experimental methodology for its implementation were developed. The model encompassed five criteria: subject knowledge, pedagogical skills, personal readiness, communication skills, and methodological readiness, and was implemented across three stages: a continuous motivational stage, a cognitive stage, and a practical-evaluation stage. Based on this model, an experimental methodology was devised, which included enriching the content of standard courses with topics on multicultural education, worldview development, and the formation of social norms; introducing three elective courses and extending the tasks within teaching and practical training. The motivational component of the experimental methodology was supported by the extensive use of interactive and problem-based methods, modern technical solutions, unconventional educational environment design, and content-rich learning materials that maintained student engagement throughout the research stages.
Components of the structure of professional competence of mastersoligophrenopedagogues in the professional training system
Authors: Kapustina Olena
Published: December 2024

The article emphasizes the need for future specialists to possess competencies that meet the requirements of the modern labor market and allow for effective professional activity. The author associates a high level of competence development with the ability to work independently, navigate complex situations, produce new ideas, and build relationships based on mutual understanding and cooperation. Attention is focused on the importance of professional competence, which depends on the success of professional activity, the effectiveness of the performance of duties in a specific field. According to the results of the scientific search, it was established that the question of the structure of competence of future specialists is reflected in the works of modern scientists, but the components of the structure of the professional competence of masters-oligophrenopedagogues in the system of professional training require a more in-depth study. On the basis of theoretical analysis and generalizations, the following components of the professional competence structure of masters-oligophrenopedagogues in the system of professional training, such as social-motivational, professional-ethical, cognitive, functional, reflective, were defined and substantiated. In the article, the motivational and social component is considered as key in the structure of the studied phenomenon. The author states that taking into account the professional and ethical component in the structure of the professional competence of masters-oligophrenopedagogues in the system of professional training will allow to carry out successful activities taking into account generally accepted social principles, norms of ethics of a special teacher in the field of special pedagogy and psychology. The determination of the cognitive component will contribute to the mastery of professional knowledge and practical skills related to correctional and developmental work, the formation of a conscious and responsible personality. The inclusion of a functional component will ensure the effective performance of professional duties by master oligophrenopedagogues and the success of corrective and developmental activities. The development of the reflective component will allow analyzing, predicting and forecasting the results of diagnostic, corrective and advisory activities.
Atrial fibrillation – what the primary care nurse needs to know
Authors: Collins Adeleye , Buelu Samantha , Warriner David
Published: December 2024

This article explains what nurses should consider when a patient presents with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
How to plan your career progression
Authors: Oxtoby Kathy
Published: December 2024

Career planning can be done at any point in your career, and you don't have to stick to a set path or have a promotion to progress, reports Kathy Oxtoby
Career profile
Authors: Llewellyn Corrie
Published: December 2024

Corrie Llewellyn, Quality Assurance Lead/Strategic Clinical Lead for Lancashire and South Cumbria Primary Care Training Hub and Morecambe Bay Primary Care Collective
WOMEN'S CLOTHING COLLECTION THAT COMES TO LIFE IN THE VIRTUAL WORLD
Authors: İşgören Nuriye , Bükme Esma , Cankaya Şeyma
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Today, sportswear trends have become an important part of the fashion world. Nowadays, women also attach importance to sportswear trends in order to express their style and combine elegance with comfort in their daily lives. When elegance in sportswear is combined with freedom of movement and comfort, a person’s self-confidence increases and his mood is positively affected. The women’s sportswear collection prepared in this study aims to make women stylish along with comfort and ergonomics in their daily lives. Elegance and comfort in sportswear have an important place in every aspect of women’s lives. Sportswear is considered not only for an activity but also as a lifestyle and form of personal expression. Therefore, various daily sportswear options are offered in this project for women who want to reflect their style by keeping up with sportswear trends. With the developing technology, the textile industry also brings innovations every day. VStitcher (Browzwear) design program, one of the 3D programs developed by software companies, is a 3D CAD software used in the fashion and textile industries. This program offers designers and textile manufacturers opportunities to design products, create prototypes and visualize their collections in a virtual environment. VStitcher (Browzwear) also offers a virtual fitting experience that allows designers to see and improve the models they design in real time. In this study, it is aimed to revive women’s sportswear designs on the digital platform by combining traditional design processes with the VStitcher (Browzwear) program, one of the modern technologies. With this digital transformation, the collection is displayed on the website, providing the end consumer with a unique shopping experience. Moreover, this digital transformation represents an important step not only for the design process but also for sustainability and efficiency in the fashion industry. Thanks to the possibilities offered by technology, the textile industry can turn to more environmentally friendly and efficient production methods. This not only supports an environmentally friendly production process but also shapes the future of the fashion industry.
YASEMİNLER TÜTER Mİ, HÂLÂ? ROMANINDAN KIBRIS TÜRK AĞIZ ÖZELLİKLERİNE DAİR YANSIMALAR
Authors: Yıldız Osman
Published: December 2024

Alev Alatlı’nın Yaseminler Tüter mi, Hâlâ? adlı romanı, Kıbrıs’ın yerel ağız özelliklerine dair birçok malzemeyi içinde barındırmaktadır. Romanın özellikle İkinci Bölüm’ündeki olaylar Kıbrıs Türklerinin yoğun yaşadığı Lefkoşa ve Magosa’da geçer. Buradaki diyalogların tamamı Kıbrıs Türk ağzıyla yazılırken Birinci Bölümdeki birçok diyalog da aynıdır. Bu diyaloglardan bazısı Rumcadır. Romanın Üçüncü Bölüm’ü Yunanistan’da geçtiği için Kıbrıs ağzına rastlanmaz. Kıbrıs Türk Edebiyatında yüzlerce hikâye ve roman yazılmıştır. Bu eserlerin içeririsinde kısmen de olsa Kıbrıs Türk ağzına ait kelimeler ve diyaloglar geçer. Ancak Yaseminler Tüter mi, Hâlâ?’da olduğu gibi diyalogların Kıbrıs Türk ağzıyla yazılması yoktur. Kıbrıs’a dair yazılmış romanlarda da durum değişmez. Dolayısıyla eser, bu yönüyle bir ilktir. Romanda arkaik kelimelere de rastlanmaktadır. 1571’de Anadolu’dan Kıbrıs’a getirilen Türkler, 16. yüz yıla ait Türkiye Türkçesinden farklı koşullar altında gelişimini sürdürür. Özellikle Rumca ile etkileşim içerisine girer. Anadolu’dan getirdiği arkaik kelimeleri de söylenişleriyle birlikte muhafaza eder. Romanla ilgili birçok akademik çalışma yapıldığı hâlde eserden yansıyan ağız özelliklerine temas edilmediği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, romandan yansıyan yerel ağız örnekleri tahkiyeli eser yorumlama esasları dahilinde incelenecektir.
GEVAŞ TÜRK İSLAM MEZARLIĞI’NDA SÜRDÜRÜLEN RESTORASYON ÇALIŞMALARI (2022-2023 DÖNEMLERİ)
Authors: Çalış Ercan
Published: December 2024

ÖZ: Anadolu’nun kadim bir bölgesi olan Gevaş bölgesinin tarihi Neolitik döneme kadar gitmektedir. Son dönemde Van Gölü Havzası’nda yapılan arkeolojik ve yüzey araştırmalardan bölgenin yerleşim tarihinin antik dönemlere kadar gittiğini göstermiştir. Tarihi dokusuyla dikkatleri üzerine çeken Gevaş, Van Gölü kıyısında kurulmuş olmasıyla da önemli bir çekim merkezi konumundadır. Bünyesinde barındırdığı kültür varlıkları ile doğal çekiciliği sayesinde turizm potansiyeli açısından önemli bir destinasyon yeridir. Bunlar arasında Gevaş’ta bulunan Gevaş Selçuklu Mezarlığı, pek çok açıdan dikkatleri üzerine çekmektedir. Türk-İslam dönemine ait mezar taşlarında belirgin Selçuklu üslubu hâkimdir. Van Gölü ve çevresi ile birlikte Gevaş bölgesi de XI. yüzyılla beraber Selçukluların egemenliği altına girmiştir. Bölgede ve Anadolu’da etkisi günümüze kadar gelen Selçukluların üslup özellikleri, Gevaş Türk-İslam Mezarlığı’ndaki taşlarda da önemli ölçüde hissedilmektedir. Dolayısıyla mezarlığa Selçuklu isminin de verilmesi, Selçukluların mezar taşlarına kazınan sanatsal esintisinden kaynaklanmıştır. Ağırlıklı olarak XIV. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına tarihlenen mezar taşlarının yapıldığı bu dönemde, İlhanlı devletinin yanı sıra, Karakoyunlu ve Akkoyunlu gibi Türkmen devletlerinin izleri sürülmektedir. XIII. yüzyılın ilk yarısında başlayan Moğol istilası gerek Van Gölü çevresinde gerekse de Anadolu’da ciddi sarsıntılara neden olmuştur. Moğolların gücünü kaybetmesiyle beraber varlık göstermeye başlayan Hakkâri Beyliği, bu dönemde bölgede güçlü bir şekilde varlık göstermiştir. Tarihi mezarlıkta yer alan Halime Hatun Kümbeti de Hakkâri Beyliği’nin kurucusu olarak düşünülen Melik İzzeddin tarafından H. 736/ M. 1335 yılında yaptırılmıştır.
Understanding visual perception skills in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
Authors:   SRM College of Occupational Therapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu- India., Simran Sandeep Redkar , Sankar Umaiorubagam Ganapathy ,   SRM College of Occupational Therapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu- India., Vignesh Raj S Deepak ,   SRM College of Occupational Therapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu- India.
Published: December 2024

Background: Visual perception in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can vary, often showcasing both strengths and challenges. Many individuals with ASD excel in detail-oriented processing, allowing them to focus on fine details rather than the overall picture, which can be advantageous in tasks requiring attention to small details, such as visual search and pattern recognition. Understanding these unique aspects of visual perception in ASD is crucial for developing tailored interventions and support strategies to enhance visual processing abilities and overall social functioning.

Objective: To understand the visual perception skills in autism spectrum disorder.

Materials and methods: The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO and followed the guidelines of PRISMA. A comprehensive search was conducted through the databases (Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and OTseeker) and printed journals. Studies were included if they focused on visual perception skills in children with autism aged 3-12 years, were peer-reviewed, published between January 2014 and February 2024, and were available in full-text in English. The AXIS Tool for Cross Sectional Studies was used to conduct the critical appraisal.

Results: 19141 studies were derived for database search and 932 from printed journals. A total of sixteen (N=16) studies were identified within the scope of our study. AXIS Tool for Cross-sectional studies was used to evaluate the quality of the sixteen studies. Visual perception skills in ASD have yielded diverse findings, such as perceptual bias, enhanced visual processing, enhanced visual search, and differences in visual processing speed. The review suggested that visual perception impairments are commonly seen in ASD, impacting their functional independence. The review also highlights the importance of understanding the basis of visual perception impairments in this population.

Conclusion: The systematic review concludes that visual perception deficits are one of the primary deficits in autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, the review reflects on the complex and diverse nature of visual perception skills exhibited by individuals with autism spectrum disorder. These deficits impact overall performance in everyday functioning, especially self-care, academics, and socialization.
Efficiency in surgery: the Northumbria way
Authors: McCallum I
Published: December 2024

Discover how Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust is redefining surgical care through innovation, high-volume robotic surgery, and a focus on staff wellbeing and team culture.
An interview with neurosurgeon Mr Paul Grundy
Authors: Bandyopadhyay S
Published: December 2024

Mr Paul Grundy discusses his involvement in shaping NHS policy, his commitment to innovation and the importance of encouraging surgeons to become leaders.
Stress and surgical performance
Authors: Cooper Lilli
Published: December 2024

Our new column explores the impact of stress on surgical performance and looks at methods to manage stress and improve efficiency.
A surgeon's wartime memories
Authors: Thompson Georgina
Published: December 2024

We look at wartime memorabilia of surgeon Robert Allen Fitzsimons and the history behind them.
10-year health plan for England
Authors: Holloway Victoria
Published: December 2024

Our Political Editor looks at the government’s plan for the NHS and our own recommendations.
Legal regulation of labour relations in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine
Authors: Vasylivna Vyshnovetska Svitlana , Mychailovych Vyshnovetskyi Vadym , Petrovych Dyban Maksym , Volodymyrivna Kmetyk Khrystyna , Mykolayivna Chernous Svitlana
Published: December 2024

This article explores the transformation of Ukraine’s labour market in the context of war. It analyses the impact of the military conflict on labour relations and employment, considering key changes in the labour sector: declining employment, rising unemployment, migration and worsening working conditions. The authors examine government initiatives to support the labour market, including entrepreneurship programmes, business relocation strategies and employment opportunities for internally displaced persons (IDPs). The study identifies a significant shortage of skilled personnel due to emigration and human losses. It analyses statistical data and survey results, proposing measures to revitalise the labour market through a systematic approach that considers demographic, economic, educational and other factors.
The Radiant-Strange Faces of the Dead
Authors: Amoozegar Farzad
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines how for seven Iranian paraplegic veterans of the 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War, the faces of their friends killed during combat evoke awe-inspiring and sorrowful feelings. For them, the faces of the dead are not simply the physical features, but represent infinite possibilities to be with the deceased. The "face" denotes a moral event, where the living recognize and welcome the inexhaustible dead. Imagining the "face" is no longer just a vision but an encounter with the departed, a site where the living respond to the dead. These veterans speak about the faces of their dead friends using concepts filled with Islamic significance: the "radiant" (nūrani) and the "strange" ('jeib). This in-between space fathoms death as both blissful and appalling. The Islamic concept of barzakh ("obstacle" or "separation") is used to examine the radiant-strange feelings the veterans have toward their dead friends. The use of an Islamic perspective contributes to the decolonizing efforts in understanding how these veterans "see," (re)engage and live with the dead based on their Shi'ā and mystical worldviews.
The Good Seed: Bt Cotton, Braided Time, and Agricultural Biotechnology in India
Authors: Chaudhuri Ashawari
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The introduction of genetically modified (GM) Bt cotton in India in 2002 invoked fierce debates and discussions about the future of agriculture in the country. At the beginning of its cultivation, some farmers received higher yields. However, over the years, concerns over the cost of cultivating GM cotton, pests developing resistance to the technology, environmental impacts, and corporate control over agriculture have taken center stage in discussions around agricultural biotechnology. Although most of these discussions have been centered on GM seeds, the seed itself remains unexplored. Based on ethnographic and archival research among communities that are on opposite ends of the agrarian political economy like farmers and breeders/biotechnologists, I explore the meaning of Bt cotton for these communities. In opening up the GM seed through practice, time emerges as a powerful yet understudied phenomenon. Different registers of time, like breeding time, generational time, seasonal time, and market time, are braided in ways that determine the meaning of the seed for these communities. I use braided time to critique GM seed as a commodity. I also suggest that recognizing the significance of time further enables responsibility towards human, agrarian lives as well as non-human ecological formations.
Ricardo’s Law of Comparative Advantage in Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Early Historic Mainland Southeast Asian Metallurgy: Copper-base Metal Production, Exchange, and Consumption Behaviours at Khao Sai On, Nil Kham Haeng, Non Pa Wai, Phromthin Tai, Sab Champa, and Tha Kae in Central Thailand
Authors: Pryce T. O. , Cadet Mélissa , Tomczyk Céline , Venunan Pira , Lertcharnrit Thanik , Ciarla Roberto , Rispoli Fiorella
Published: December 2024

abstract: Since its late 1970s to early 1980s discovery, the Khao Wong Prachan Valley (KWPV) of central Thailand has been assumed to have been a major supplier of copper in Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Early Historic Southeast Asia. KWPV was the first regional metal production system to be characterised by lead isotope (LI) analysis in the late 2000s, revealing a coherent signature easily distinguished from subsequent analyses of production systems at Phu Lon (northern Thailand) and the Vilabouly Complex (central Laos). Despite KWPV’s scale of production, its LI signature has scarcely been detected at Bronze Age metal consumption sites in nearby northeast Thailand and not at all in Iron Age assemblages. We study copper production and copper/bronze consumption behaviours of Iron Age and Early Historic sites in KWPV’s immediate vicinity: Khao Sai On, Phromthin Tai, Tha Kae, and Sab Champa. Khao Sai On and Phromthin Tai production signatures are highly consistent with those previously established, whilst the uranogenic tendency at Tha Kae explains outliers from Bronze Age Non Pa Wai and Nil Kham Haeng. Analysis of consumption assemblages reveals little to no consistency with local production signatures. This tendency was tested with LI Iron Age and Early Historic datasets for Ban Khu Muang, Ban Mai Chaimongkol, Ban Pong Manao, and Ban Pong Takhob. The pattern is clear: central Thai populations imported copper/bronze, potentially from the Vilabouly Complex or production loci with closely comparable signatures. We examine this counterintuitive behaviour inductively using Ricardo’s Law of Comparative Advantage combined with a technological appreciation of the relatively low productivity of central Thai primary copper production. This suggests central Thailand’s unattached copper producers freely exchanged copper for exotic goods (bronze, glass, semi-precious stone), with potentially poor terms of exchange, from their desire to participate in wider regional trends in conspicuous consumption.
Returning to Makekur: Re-evaluating the Occupational Sequence of the Early-Middle Lapita Site of Makekur (FOH), Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Hogg Nicholas W. S.
Published: December 2024

abstract: The site of Makekur, located in the Arawe Islands of Papua New Guinea, has for some years been considered unique amongst the sites of the Lapita distribution. Representing one of the earliest Lapita sites in the region to have evidence of long-term continuing occupation from the Early through to at least the Middle Periods, the radiocarbon and pottery records of Makekur form a key foundation for understanding not just the lives of the Lapita people that called it home, but also the emergence of the Lapita Cultural Complex and the changes it underwent over time and space. However, a new chronology proposed by Specht and Gosden (2019) has raised doubts as to the validity of these original interpretations. This study uses Bayesian statistical analysis and stylistic analysis to re-assess the radiocarbon chronology, form and decoration of pottery assemblages from Makekur. It looks to understand whether a multi-phase occupation spanning the Early to Middle Periods can be identified within both the radiocarbon and ceramic records, and in so doing evaluates the reliability of the stylistic attributes used to differentiate deposits of differing ages. The study concludes that Makekur was occupied during the Early Period between 3274 and 2803 cal. B.P. and continued into the Middle Period starting between 3059 and 2889 cal. B.P., followed by slightly later occupational events in the same period between 2998 and 2855 cal. B.P. and approximately 2709–1402 cal. B.P. Finally, it further concludes that pottery of the Early and Middle Periods was stylistically unique, and clearly delineated between deposits of differing ages.
Maritime Linkages between the Han Dynasty and Parthian Empire: Evidence from Unearthed Persian Pottery
Authors: Zhaoming Xiong , Yaqing Liu , Guirong Kuang , Cherian P. J. , Qinghui Li
Published: December 2024

abstract: This study describes a Persian pottery jug unearthed from Hepu, a well-known port for foreign trade in China during the Han Dynasty. The jug is the earliest and only Persian object dated to the Han Dynasty discovered in China. It thus serves as one of the most significant physical pieces of evidence for the investigation of trade between the Han Dynasty and Southeast Asia, South Asia, and even West Asia. This article takes the Persian jug as its starting point, and combines archaeological data from the same period unearthed from other port sites in Southeast Asia and South Asia, as well as Chinese and foreign historical documents, to recover the sea route via which the Persian jug moved from West Asia through South and Southeast Asia to Hepu, to confirm that the Han Dynasty had established indirect or direct maritime links with the Parthian Empire by the second century A.D. at the latest. This conclusion is supported with the discovery of glass and bronze cymbals from Western Asian and Mediterranean regions in Hepu and Panyu, the latter of which served as the largest foreign goods distribution center in the southern coastal area of China.
Use of haul-out sites by grey and harbour seals in Dublin Bay and adjacent coastal waters
Authors: Berrow Simon , Farrell Ellen , Price Brendan , Woodlock Johnny , Russell Clodagh
Published: December 2024

abstract: Haul-out sites enable seals to carry out essential functions such as resting, pupping and moulting. Knowledge of the location and use of these sites is important for conservation management to ensure they remain available and undisturbed during key times of the year. This survey recorded the use of haul-out sites close to Dublin Port during a time of increased construction activity to assess whether infrastructural development impacted on seals during pupping and moulting seasons. A total of 10 seal haul-out sites in Dublin Bay and adjacent coastal waters were surveyed on 16 days between 30 June 2023 and 18 January 2024. Most sites were surveyed with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Overall, grey seals were more abundant than harbour seals, with maximum counts of 326 in October and 300 in July and a minimum of 167 in November. Harbour seal numbers ranged from 117 to 5, with a peak in July. Most grey seals were recorded on Dalkey Island, Lambay Island and St Patrick's Island and on Ireland's Eye, while most harbour seals were observed at Rush Head and on Lambay Island and North Bull Island, with small numbers recorded at Sandycove. The same haul-out sites were used consistently throughout the survey period and are consistent with previous studies suggesting no changes in the use of haul-out sites. The count totals presented here are consistent with the results of the most recent national monitoring programme for seals in this area. A total of 88 grey seal pups were recorded in October on Lambay Island and St Patrick's Island and on Ireland's Eye and 33 harbour seal pups in July. In January concentrations of grey seals were recorded on Lambay Island (88) and St Patrick's Island (85) off Skerries during the moult period. The efficient use of UAVs for surveys of haul-out sites, with minimal disturbance to seals, is demonstrated and recommended as a cost-effective tool for regular monitoring seals at haul out sites in the future.
The Japanese House
Authors: Robbins Andrea , Becher Max
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Photographs taken by Andrea Robbins and Max Becher of Bunkio Matsuki’s house in Salem, Massachusetts.
The Matsuki Con-struction
Authors: Robbins Andrea , Becher Max
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This essay focuses on a house built in 1894 in Salem, Massachusetts, the disparities between descriptions of it versus its actual appearance, and the unruly entries in archives and the public record planted by its original owner, Bunkio Matsuki.
How Indigenous and Settler Time Shape Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Braith Melanie
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This essay analyzes understandings of time in the context of Indigenous resurgence and decolonization, specifically in the context of the asiniskaw īthiniwak (Rocky Cree) in Manitoba, Canada. In order to do so, it focuses on the Six Seasons of the Asiniskaw Īthiniwak: Reclamation, Regeneration, Resurgence project as a case study.
A Q&A with Melanie Braith
Authors: Braith Melanie
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The following exchange took place during the Question and Answer period of Melanie Braith’s (MB) talk, “Learning from the Six Seasons: Research with the Asiniskaw Īthiniwak.” The talk was given digitally on 5 February 2022 as part of Relative Time/Little Time, a speaker series designed collaboratively by Dutch artist duo Bik Van der Pol and Mosaic. The Question and Answer session was moderated by Mosaic editor Shepherd Steiner (SS).
Towards an Anthropology of Astonishment
Authors: Matharoo Sean Singh
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This essay synthesizes shared features of the philosophies of Jacques Derrida, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Denise Ferreira da Silva, and Eleanor Kaufman through Cartesian astonishment. I demonstrate that this synthesis may lead to the cultivation of an ethico-political structuralist anthropology that finds its energy in an abstraction coinciding with the act of reading literature.
Real-time deconvolution of light fields through pixel selection in the point-spread-function and direct inversion of the image formation process
Authors: Eckstein Viktor , Schmid-Schirling Tobias , Carl Daniel , Wallrabe Ulrike
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the optimization of light field deconvolution, a key process in image processing that reconstructs a 3D object space or a 2D refocus plane from a light field. Despite the critical role of deconvolution in light field technology, existing methods are often slow, computationally intensive, and unsuitable for real-time processing. Existing algorithms, such as the Richardson-Lucy approach, while groundbreaking, still suffer performance limitations due to their iterative nature and high computational costs. Central to our approach is the strategic selection of influential pixels within the point-spread-function, reducing redundant computations by focusing only on pixels contributing to a significant portion of the point-spread-function’s total intensity. In addition, we explore the potential to directly invert the image formation model, bypass iterative computations, and further accelerate the deconvolution process. Our findings reveal notable improvements in computational efficiency, with some of our methods achieving real-time performance. The reconstruction quality, measured using metrics such as the mean squared error, remained comparable to existing approaches, indicating a favorable balance between speed and reconstruction quality.
Frequency of mismatching surface colors in the wild
Authors: Foster David H.
Published: December 2024

Colored surfaces may appear to match in one viewing condition but not in another, usually because of a change in illumination. The aim of this computational study was to estimate the frequency of mismatching outdoors under natural, uncontrolled, illumination changes, unlike the purely spectral changes in studies of illuminant metamerism. Data were taken from hyperspectral radiance images acquired at intervals of 1 min to more than 4 h. For pairs of randomly chosen surfaces in a scene, the relative frequency of their appearing initially the same and different later was around 10−4 to 10−3, depending on color difference. However, if they already appeared the same, the relative frequency was higher, around 6% to over 60%, much higher than for illuminant metamerism, suggesting that real-world lighting changes may well impair surface identification by color.
Impacts of atmospheric turbulence on optic measurements over heterogeneous flat terrain: insights from large eddy simulations
Authors: Kermarrec Gaël , Sühring Matthias , Al-Younis Wardeh
Published: December 2024

Atmospheric refraction imposes a fundamental limitation on the accuracy and precision of geodetic measurements that utilize electromagnetic waves. For terrestrial observations at optical wavelengths recorded over flat terrain, the vertical temperature gradient controls the bending of the rays thus affecting mostly the vertical angle measurement. The rules of thumb for mitigating these effects (variation ranges and short-term fluctuations) are based on intuition and practitioner experience. To address the challenge of understanding the impact of refractive index inhomogeneities on the refraction angle without additional instruments, we introduce large eddy simulations (LES) in geodesy. We use the PALM software to simulate realistic atmospheric conditions and investigate first- and second-order variations of the refraction angle using virtual measurements over a flat terrain with surface heterogeneities. We analyze the optimal measurement times to minimize refraction effects, highlighting the potential of LES to help plan measurement campaigns. Additionally, the correlating influence of atmospheric turbulence on the measurements is quantified. We propose a correction model based on the variance inflation factor as a practical tool for incorporating turbulence into a geodetic uncertainty model.
Nonlinear Schröodinger Equation (NLSE) Approximation using Split-Step Fourier (SSF)
Authors: Sutantyo Trengginas Eka Putra , Riskillah Muhammad Ananda
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE) through a combination of analytical and numerical approaches to understand soliton dynamics in nonlinear media. The analytical methods involve the use of the Ansatz technique to derive exact solutions of the NLSE, emphasizing the role of nonlinearity in modulating wave propagation. These solutions illustrate the interplay between dispersive and nonlinear effects essential for soliton formation and stability. Numerical simulations are conducted using the Split Step Fourier method, which effectively handles the temporal evolution of solitons under various initial conditions. The numerical results highlight the stability and robustness of solitons, confirming the analytical predictions. Additionally, the error analysis between analytical and numerical solutions underscores the importance of accurate initial conditions, revealing consistent error patterns attributable to initial guess discrepancies. The comprehensive analysis provided by both methods demonstrates the NLSE's capability to model intricate wave phenomena, making it applicable to diverse physical systems, including optical fibers and Bose-Einstein condensates. This combined approach offers valuable insights into the fundamental characteristics of solitons and their stability criteria, enhancing our understanding of nonlinear wave dynamics.
Behavioural activation activities for employees in the Chinese culture: A workshop
Authors: Sun Sijin , Xiao Yao , Zhang Zheyuan , Mougenot Celine , Glozier Nick , Calvo Rafael A.
Published: December 2024

Behavioral Activation Therapy (BAT) is widely used in Western countries, and digital interventions based on BAT are also increasingly common. This study explored how BAT can be adapted for Chinese employees. Through twelve co-design workshops conducted online, a total of 46 Chinese employees actively participated in the process of defining positive activities for behavioural activation therapy. Using Hofstede’s cultural dimensional theory as a framework and considering the traditional influence of Confucianism and the dynamic nature of China’s contemporary socio-cultural transformation, we identified and examined culturally sensitive and controversial activities that emerged during the study. Our findings indicate that Chinese participants, when compared to their western counterparts, generally displayed less favourable attitudes towards activities such as extreme sports, religion, charitable work, family or after-work social activities. Additionally, they demonstrated less willingness to express emotions openly, provide constructive upward feedback, or seek assistance from mental health experts. Our research indicates that the implementation of behavioural activation activities, as validated in Western literature and classified into three layers in our study—general, workplace-related, and mental health-related—needs to be carefully adapted to align with the current Chinese cultural and societal context, this includes recommending leisure activities that are lighter and less risky, provide cultural sensitive advisory that facilitate effective workplace communication, and consider offering mental health self-help knowledge toolkits.
Effects of lysine and methionine on mRNA expression of candidate transcription factors by primary bovine mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Li Boning , Edick Ashlin M. , Fox Madison K. , Doelman John , Burgos Sergio A. , Cant John P.
Published: December 2024

It has been established that essential amino acids (EAA) regulate protein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells by rapidly altering the phosphorylation state of translation factors. However, the long-term transcriptional response to EAA supply has been investigated much less. Eight transcription factors were selected as candidate mediators of EAA effects on mammary cell function via the amino acid response (ATF4, ATF6), mitogen-activated protein kinase (JUN, FOS, EGR1), and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (MYC, HIF1A, SREBF1). The objective was to determine if and when expression of these candidate genes was affected in primary cultures of bovine mammary epithelial cells more than 24 h after imposing an EAA deficiency, and to evaluate effects of EAA deficiency on protein synthesis, endoplasmic reticulum size, cell proliferation, and lipogenesis. Differentiated cells were cultured in 1 of 3 treatment media representing normal physiological concentrations of all amino acids (CTL), low lysine (LK), or low methionine (LM) for 24, 40, 48, or 60 h. Both LK and LM suppressed protein synthesis and activated ATF4 expression, indicating the classic amino acid response pathway had been triggered. However, there was no effect of LK or LM on endoplasmic reticulum size, possibly related to elevated ATF6 expression on LM. Expression of early response genes JUN, FOS, EGR1 and MYC was not elevated by EAA deficiency but LM decreased EGR1 expression. LM also increased expression of HIF1A. The EGR1 and HIF1A expression results are consistent with the decrease in cell proliferation rate observed. Variable responses in SREBF1 expression to LK and LM at different timepoints may have contributed to a lack of effect on lipogenesis rates. These findings indicate that EAA deficiency may inhibit mammary protein synthesis and cell proliferation through transcription factors.
Development of Timolol Maleate-Loaded Poloxamer-co-Poly (acrylic acid) based hydrogel for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Mansoor Raneem , Barkat Kashif , Anjum Irfan , Aamir Muhammad , Badshah Syed Faisal , Ullah Riaz , Iqbal Zafar , Raza Muhammad Ahmer
Published: December 2024

Free radical polymerization technique was used to formulate Poloxamer-188 based hydrogels for controlled delivery. A total of seven formulations were formulated with varying concentrations of polymer, monomer ad cross linker. In order to assess the structural properties of the formulated hydrogels, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out. To assess the effect of pH on the release of the drug from the polymeric system, drug release studies were carried in pH 1.2 and 7.4 and it was found that release of the drug was significant in pH 7.4 as compared to that of pH 1.2 which confirmed the pH responsiveness of the system. Different kinetic models were also applied to the drug release to evaluate the mechanism of the drug release from the system. To determine the safety and biocompatibility of the system, toxicity study was also carried out for which healthy rabbits were selected and formulated hydrogels were orally administered to the rabbits. The results obtained suggested that the formulated poloxamer-188 hydrogels are biocompatible with biological system and have the potential to serve as controlled drug delivery vehicles.
Fasciclin 2 functions as an expression-level switch on EGFR to control organ shape and size in Drosophila
Authors: Garcia-Alonso Luis
Published: December 2024

Fasciclin 2 (Drosophila NCAM) is a homophilic Cell Adhesion Molecule expressed at moderate levels in the proliferating epithelial cells of imaginal discs, where it engages EGFR in a cell autonomous auto-stimulatory loop that promotes growth along larval development. In addition, Fasciclin 2 is expressed at high levels in the pre-differentiating cells of imaginal discs. Gain-of-function genetic analysis shows that Fasciclin 2 acts as a non-cell autonomous repressor of EGFR when high expression levels are induced during imaginal disc growth. Loss-of-function genetic analysis shows that this Fasciclin 2 functional facet is required at the end of larval development and it is mediated by interaction with IgCAMs CG15630 (Fipi) and CG33543 (Elff). Thus, Fasciclin 2 bears two complementary functional roles which correspond with different levels of expression. The combined results from loss- and gain-of-function analyses suggest a scenario where the Fasciclin 2/EGFR cell autonomous auto-stimulatory loop promotes cell proliferation until reaching a Fasciclin 2 expression threshold where its non-cell autonomous function stops growth. Thus, cellular integration of Fasciclin 2 autonomous and non-cell autonomous signaling from neighbor cells may be a key regulator component to orchestrate the rate of intercalary cell proliferation and the final size and shape of an organ.
Study on the mechanical properties of unloaded damage sandstone under dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycling conditions
Authors: Wang Wenrui , Chen Xingzhou , Chen Lili , Gong Sheng , Su Zhenkun
Published: December 2024

Understanding he impact of dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of unloaded damaged rock masses in reservoir bank slopes is crucial for revealing the deformation and failure mechanisms in artificially excavated slope rock masses within fluctuation zones. To address, the study focuses on unloaded damaged samples subjected to excavation disturbances, conducting various cycles of dry-wet and freeze-thaw treatment along with uniaxial and triaxial re-loading tests. A damage statistical constitutive model was established based on the experimental results and validated using numerical simulation methods. The results indicate: (1) The mechanical properties of sandstone, which has incurred damage and is not under load, are significantly impacted by cycles of drying-wetting and freezing-thawing. As the number of these environmental cycles increases, a descending trend becomes apparent in the stress-strain curve profile. This shift coincides with an increase in pore compaction strain as well as plastic strain values; meanwhile, peak strength experiences a sharp decline initially but subsequently moderates to more gradual reductions.; (2) The elastic modulus, cohesion, and friction angle all show a similar trend of attenuation, with the most severe degradation occurring after the first cycle and then gradually diminishing, particularly with the elastic modulus; (3) The uniaxial failure of the unloaded damaged samples is primarily brittle, with spalling and buckling becoming more pronounced with increasing cycles, while triaxial failure exhibits certain plastic characteristics that develop more with further cycling. As the frequency of dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles rises, there is a corresponding increase in the number of fractures observed at the point of sample failure.
Effects on maternal and pregnancy outcomes of first-trimester malaria infection among nulliparous women from Kenya, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Leuba Sequoia I. , Westreich Daniel , Bose Carl L. , Olshan Andrew F. , Taylor Steve M. , Tshefu Antoinette , Lokangaka Adrien , Carlo Waldemar A. , Chomba Elwyn , Mwenechanya Musaku , Liechty Edward A. , Bucher Sherri L. , Ekhaguere Osayame A. , Esamai Fabian , Nyongesa Paul , Jessani Saleem , Saleem Sarah , Goldenberg Robert L. , Moore Janet L. , Nolen Tracy L. , Hemingway-Foday Jennifer , McClure Elizabeth M. , Koso-Thomas Marion , Derman Richard J. , Hoffman Matthew , Meshnick Steven R. , Bauserman Melissa
Published: December 2024

Background

Few studies have assessed the impact of first-trimester malaria infection during pregnancy. We estimated this impact on adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

In a convenience sample of women from the ASPIRIN (Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated risk Reduction In Nulliparas) trial in Kenya, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we tested for first-trimester Plasmodium falciparum infection using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We estimated site-specific effects on pregnancy outcomes using parametric g-computation.

Results

Compared to uninfected women, we observed the adjusted site-specific prevalence differences (PDs) among women with first-trimester malaria of the following pregnancy outcomes: preterm birth among Congolese (aPD = 0.06 [99% CI: -0.04, 0.16]), Kenyan (0.03 [-0.04, 0.09]), and Zambian (0.00 [-0.10, 0.20]) women; low birth weight among Congolese (0.07 [-0.03, 0.16]), Kenyan (0.01 [-0.04, 0.06]) and Zambian (-0.04 [-0.13, 0.16]) women; spontaneous abortion among Congolese (0.00 [-0.05, 0.04]), Kenyan (0.00 [-0.04, 0.04]), and Zambian (0.02 [-0.07, 0.24]) women, and anemia later in pregnancy among Congolese (0.04 [-0.09, 0.16]), Kenyan (0.05 [-0.06, 0.17]), and Zambian (0.07 [-0.12, 0.36]) women. The pooled PD for anemia later in pregnancy (26–30 weeks) was 0.08 [99% CI: 0.00, 0.16].

Conclusions

First-trimester malaria was associated with increased prevalence of anemia later in pregnancy. We identified areas for further investigation including effects of first-trimester malaria on preterm birth and low birth weight.
Analysis of associated malformations by computed tomography in adults with polysplenia syndrome: A pilot study
Authors: Gu Xinru , Xu Shuangshuang , Chen Jinghua , Jiang Xiaoqin , Xie Ping , Fang Xiang , Gao Yan , Huang Jian , Liu Kefu
Published: December 2024

Objective

To analytically depict the associated malformations of polysplenia syndrome (PS) in adults via computed tomography (CT).

Materials and methods

The incidence of malformations associated with PS in twelve adult patients was retrospectively analyzed via CT imaging.

Results

The number of splenic nodules ranged from three to twelve; the splenic nodules were located in the left upper quadrant in nine patients and in the right upper quadrant in three patients. A short pancreas was present in all twelve patients. Midgut malrotation was present in eight patients. Situs inversus totalis was present in two patients. Nine patients presented the absence of hepatic segmental inferior vena cava (IVC), with the hepatic vein directly converging into the right atrium and the continuation of the azygos vein. The preduodenal portal vein was present in six patients. Left lung heterotaxy was found in nine patients. The inferior vena cava was bilateral in one patient. Aberrant right subclavian arteries, bilateral common carotid arteries sharing trunks, abnormal renal vein branching and routing, and abdominal portal vein branching were also found in individual patients.

Conclusions

PS is a complex malformation syndrome involving multiple systems. The most common malformation is short pancreas, and other malformations, such as left lung heterogeneity, hepatic segmental IVC agenesis with continuation of the azygos vein, midgut malrotation, preduodenal portal vein, and left atrial heterotaxy, have relatively high prevalence rates.