bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extensive Surgical and Comprehensive Postoperative Medical Management for Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Virgin Frank W. , Rowe Steven M. , Wade Mary B. , Gaggar Amit , Leon Kevin J. , Young K. Randall , Woodworth Bradford A.
Published: February 2012

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis has a major impact on the quality of life of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and may contribute to progression of chronic lung disease. Despite multiple sinus surgeries, maxillary sinus involvement is a recurrent problem. The modified endoscopic medial maxillectomy (MEMM) permits debridement in the clinic, improves mucus clearance with nasal irrigations, and increases access for topical delivery of therapeutics. However, clinical outcomes of aggressive sinus surgery with regimented postoperative medical treatment have not been systematically evaluated.

Methods

CF patients completed the 22-Item Sinonasal Outcome Test questionnaires before sinus surgery (and bilateral MEMM) and at sequential postoperative visits. Objective measures included Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score and pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume at 1 second percent [FEV1%] predicted). Culture-directed antibiotic therapy, prednisone, and topical irrigations were initiated postoperatively.

Results

Twenty-two patients (mean age, 26.5 years; 4.9 prior sinus operations) underwent MEMM and sinus surgery. Symptom scores were significantly reduced at 60 days (primary outcome, 64.7 ± 18.4 presurgery versus 27.5 ± 15.3 postsurgery; p < 0.0001) and up to a year postoperatively (27.6 ± 12.6; p < 0.0001). Endoscopic scores were also reduced after surgery (10.4 ± 1.1 presurgery versus 5.7 ± 2.4 [30 days], 5.7 ± 1.4 [60 days], 5.8 ± 1.3 [120 days], and 6.0 ± 1.1 [1 year]; p < 0.0001)]. There were no differences in FEV1% predicted up to 1 year postoperatively, but hospital admissions secondary to pulmonary exacerbations significantly decreased (2.0 ± 1.4 versus 3.2 ± 2.4, respectively; p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Prospective evaluation indicates sinus surgery with MEMM is associated with marked improvement in sinus disease outcomes. Additional studies are necessary to confirm whether this treatment paradigm is associated with improved CF pulmonary disease.
Acquired Cilia Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Gudis David , Zhao Ke-Qing , Cohen Noam A.
Published: February 2012

Background

Cilia are complex and powerful cellular structures of the respiratory mucosa that play a critical role in airway defense. Respiratory epithelium is lined with cilia that perform an integrated and coordinated mechanism called mucociliary clearance. Mucociliary clearance is the process by which cilia transport the mucus blanket overlying respiratory mucosa to the gastrointestinal tract for ingestion. It is the primary means by which the airway clears pathogens, allergens, debris, and toxins. The complex structure and regulatory mechanisms that dictate the form and function of normal cilia are not entirely understood, but it is clear that ciliary dysfunction results in impaired respiratory defense.

Methods

A literature review of the current knowledge of cilia dysfunction in chronic rhinosinsusitis was conducted.

Results

Ciliary dysfunction may be primary, the result of genetic mutations resulting in abnormal cilia structure, or, more commonly, secondary, the result of environmental, infectious, or inflammatory stimuli that disrupt normal motility or coordination. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been found to have impaired mucociliary clearance. Many biochemical, environmental, and mechanical stimuli have been shown to influence ciliary beat frequency, and common microbial pathogens of respiratory mucosa such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Haemophilus influenzae have developed toxins that appear to interrupt normal mucociliary function. Furthermore, inflammatory mediators known to be present in patients with CRS appear to impair secondarily mucociliary clearance.

Conclusion

The goal of this article is to summarize the recent developments in the understanding of cilia dysfunction and mucociliary clearance in CRS.
Aspirin-Sensitive Asthma and Upper Airway Diseases
Authors: Chang Jinny E. , Chin William , Simon Ronald
Published: February 2012

Background

Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) consists of nasal polyposis, rhinosinusitis, asthma, and aspirin (ASA) sensitivity.

Objective

This article details how to diagnose and treat AERD and describes the procedures associated with ASA challenge and desensitization, benefits associated with ASA desensitization, and appropriate doses for treatment.

Methods

Criteria for diagnosis of AERD as well as desensitization protocols for oral ASA challenge and combined intranasal ketorolac and oral ASA challenge, are detailed in this article based on literature review.

Results

AERD requires a multidimensional approach to treat the disease given the multiple conditions. With successful ASA desensitization and maintenance of ASA administration, all patients are able to achieve ASA tolerance and select patients are able to achieve improvement in clinical markers such as global scores and reduction in use of topical and systemic corticosteroids.
Is there any Correlation between the Results of Skin-Prick Test and the Severity of Symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis?
Authors: Tatar Emel Çadallı , Sürenoğlu Ünzile Akpınar , Saylam Güleser , Işık Eray , Özdek Ali , Korkmaz Hakan
Published: February 2012

Background

This study was designed to determine whether there is any correlation between results of the skin-prick test and the severity of symptoms in allergic rhinitis.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 150 patients with persistent or intermittent allergic rhinitis confirmed by positive skin tests and scaled from 1 to 4 according to the size of the wheal. The symptoms including sneezing, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and nasal itching were ranked according to their severity (0 for no symptoms, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, and 3 for severe). We investigated the correlation between the skin tests’ positivity and symptoms score, rhinoconjunctivitis quality-of-life questionnaire (RQLQ), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores.

Results

Of the 150 patients, 98 had persistent and 52 had intermittent allergic rhinitis. Some patient d multiple al en senitivity. Each skin test group was compared with respect to symptom scores, RQLQ, or VAS scores. There was no statistically significant correlation between the size of the wheal and symptoms score, RQLQ, or VAS scores. There was also no correlation between the type of allergen and symptoms score.

Conclusion

The skin-prick test can be applied to support the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, but one can not predict the severity of illness by stratifying the size of the skin-prick test result.
Two Seventeenth-Century Translations of Two Dark Roman Satires: John Knyvett's Juvenal 1 and J.H.'s In Eutropium 1
Authors: Gillespie Stuart
Published: February 2012

This article consists of a transcription of the texts of two previously unprinted seventeenth-century verse translations, with accompanying editorial matter. John Knyvett's dates to 1639, at which time Knyvett, whose Juvenal was known to Sir Thomas Browne but has since disappeared from view, was an undergraduate at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. J.H.’s of 1664 is also a very early English version of his chosen author, and remains the only English attempt on In Eutropium in verse to this day. The two translations are not otherwise connected.
Poly(lactic acid)/Carbon Nanotube Fibers as Novel Platforms for Glucose Biosensors
Authors: Oliveira Juliano Elvis , Mattoso Luiz Henrique Capparelli , Medeiros Eliton Souto , Zucolotto Valtencir
Published: February 2012

The focus of this paper is the development and investigation of properties of new nanostructured architecture for biosensors applications. Highly porous nanocomposite fibers were developed for use as active materials in biosensors. The nanocomposites comprised poly(lactic acid)(PLA)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) fibers obtained via solution-blow spinning onto indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The electrocatalytic properties of nanocomposite-modified ITO electrodes were investigated toward hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection. We investigated the effect of carbon nanotube concentration and the time deposition of fibers on the sensors properties, viz., sensitivity and limit of detection. Cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed that the nanocomposite-modified electrodes displayed enhanced activity in the electrochemical reduction of H2O2, which offers a number of attractive features to be explored in development of an amperometric biosensor. Glucose oxidase (GOD) was further immobilized by drop coating on an optimized ITO electrode covered by poly(lactic acid)/carbon nanotube nanofibrous mats. The optimum biosensor response was linear up to 800 mM of glucose with a sensitivity of 358 nA·mM−1 and a Michaelis-Menten constant (KM) of 4.3 mM. These results demonstrate that the solution blow spun nanocomposite fibers have great potential for application as amperometric biosensors due to their high surface to volume ratio, high porosity and permeability of the substrate. The latter features may significantly enhance the field of glucose biosensors.
FEM Analysis on Block Vibration of Diesel Engine
Authors: Guo Pei Pei , Gao Wen Zhi
Published: February 2012

In order to evaluate the vibration history of the engine block and predict its surface vibration status, a FEM model on 4102BZQ Diesel Engine block was constructed. Based on the cylinder pressure curve of 4102BZQ, some important exciting forces applied on the block were calculated. ANSYS software was used to compute and analyze dynamic response of the block. Simultaneously the node displacement history of the block model was obtained. The results of calculation and analysis showed that the vibration of the block skirts was more intense and the skirt was the main factor to influence the reliability of the engine. Cylinder head bolt force and piston slap force had significant effect on the top area of the block, and the surface vibration of the skirt was strongly influenced by the crank shaft load.
Kinematics and Workspace Analyses of 3/3-RRRS Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Liu Meng Si , Cao Yi , Zhang Qiu Ju , Gosselin Clément , Sun Jian Chun , Li Bao Kun
Published: February 2012

It is known that two primary disadvantages of parallel manipulators are the complicated forward kinematics and limited workspace. This paper mainly addressed the kinematics and workspace analyses of a 3/3-RRRS 6-DOF parallel manipulator. After a brief introduction of the 3/3 -RRRS 6-DOF parallel manipulator, a three-dimensional model and its relevant structure diagram are constituted, the forward and inverse displacement analyses of the 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator are discussed in detail, especially, a novel geometrical method referred as equivalent mechanism is proposed for the forward displacement analysis of the manipulator under consideration. Based on the displacement analyses of the manipulator, a discretization method is proposed for the computation of the reachable position/orientation workspace of the 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator, respectively. Examples of a 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator are given to demonstrate these theoretical results.
Effect of Process Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Al-Li Alloy Butt Joints
Authors: Zhang D.D. , Qu W.Q. , Meng Q. , Chai P. , Luan G.H. , Chen J.
Published: February 2012

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a new and promising welding process that can produce low-cost and high-quality joints of Al-Li alloy. In order to demonstrate the friction stir weldability of Al-Li alloy and determine optimum welding parameters, the effect of FSW welding parameters on the tensile properties of the Al-Li alloy butt joints has been studied in this paper. The results showed that, when the heat input increased, the ultimate strength and elongation of butt joints decreased. For the Al-Li alloy butt structure with the thickness of 2mm, the optimum parameters were the rotation speed of 600 rpm, the welding speed of 400mm/min, and the ultimate strength of butt structure was the maximum strength, arrived at 413MPa, equivalent to 83% that of the base material. Furthermore, it was found from the microstructural observation that, the welding parameters had obvious effect on the grain size of welded zone. As the heat input increasing, the grains of weld nugget and heat affected zone became larger accordingly. In addition, a special layered phenomenon appeared at tensile fracture surface, the tensile cracks initiated from the surface on welded zone near the thermomechanically affected zone(TMAZ) on the advancing side and then grew along the interface between the weld nugget and the TMAZ. The overall fracture mode was ductile - brittle hybrid fracture.
Design Concept Evaluation and Selection: A Decision Making Approach
Authors: Ullah Rizwan , Zhou De Qun , Zhou Peng
Published: February 2012

This study proposes a multi-attribute decision making based approach for product design concept evaluation and selection. The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is combined with fuzzy sets and information entropy. While the fuzzy sets theory is employed to capture the associated vagueness in the expert judgment, the combination of information entropy method with multi-attribute decision making makes the approach computationally efficient. We present the results of the evaluation of design concepts which demonstrate the feasibility and practicability of the approach. The proposed approach will result in considerable time and cost saving by identifying the most promising product design concepts and short-listing for further design and development activities.
The Application of Fuzzy Theory in Automatic Checking over Subjective Examination
Authors: Gao Sheng Yu
Published: February 2012

Having already carried on on-line examination under the network environment several years of history, regardless which kind examines it is ,the problems is divided into objective and subjective. It have been very mature to Automatically grade examination papers in the objective by database technique For automatic checking over subjective examination, its procedure involves some restriction theory and technique development,such as artificial intelligence, natural language comprehension and mode identification etc., So far, there is no accepted system.This paper put forward to the research direction of the algorithm in automatic checking over subjective examination by analyzing the present condition for grading examination papers.
Braking Performance Study for Automobile with Numerical Simulation
Authors: Zhang Xiao Yan , Qu Pei Xin , Li Xiao Jing
Published: February 2012

The excellent braking characteristics is a key security measure for automobile operation. Braking system is used in modern automobiles for enhanced safety and reliability. During automobile design stage, a full model of automobile is established in ADAMS software circumstance in according to structural feature and main parameters. The article focuses on modeling and parameter settings of brake system, tire system and body system. Based on the requirement of country standard and national standard, the braking performance analysis and appraise is carried out in this study, at the same time, the braking performance is optimized.
Study on Performance Optimization of Car Diesel Engine with VNT Based on One-Dimensional Simulation and Experimental Verification
Authors: Wang Lian Xu , Qu Da Wei , Song Chang Qing , Tian Ye
Published: February 2012

To research the performance optimization of high speed car diesel engine，firstly according to the characteristic of car diesel engine with Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT)， one-dimensional cycle model of the engine was established by using simulation software BOOST and validated by experimental data in this paper. The turbine blades’ opening corresponding to different speed was determined. Therefore the problem that the VNT surges at low engine speed and the inlet air flow is insufficient at high speed was solved. Based on the above model, this paper improved the efficiency of the engine by optimizing the compression ratio and the distribution phase of camshaft and then used the experimental data to check the simulation results. Meanwhile the fuel consumption and the possibility of the engine operation roughness decreased.
Chatter Stability Modeling and Simulation for Long Slender Shaft Turning Operation
Authors: Li Shuo , Li Zhong Qun , Zheng Min
Published: February 2012

Dynamic vibration and static deformation are two main factors that affect the machining quality in a long slender shaft turning operation. By simplifying the turning system of a slender shaft into a one-section beam with a clamped-pinned constraint condition, the direct receptance at any arbitrary cutting point is derived. On the basis, the regenerative stability lobes diagram (SLD) for a long slender shaft turing operation is achieved. With the proposed modeling methodology and simulation algorithm, the effect of cutting position on the direct frequency response function (FRF) and the predicated SLD, as well as the effect of the cutting conditions on the predicated SLD are investigated. The predicated direct FRF at the cutting point is validated by hammer tests.
Research on Information Extraction in Pipe-Routing Layout Space for Complex Products
Authors: Bai Xiao Lan , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2012

The extraction of information in the layout space is a basis and key to realize automatic pipe-routing layout for complex products such as aero-engines. This paper proposes the filling-surrounding spatial information extraction method. The layout space was first divided into several regions according to the location of accessories, which resulted in the parallel extraction of information in the layout space. Then by means of the filling idea, accessories in each region were filled one by one. After accessories’ rough containing boxes were determined, each accessory and free space was represented with discrete points by using grids to divide the rough containing box. Finally, the outside-in surrounding scanning was used for the rough containing box to identify the state of spatial points. In addition, the flow of information extraction and the storage mode of the extracted information were given. The case study illustrates its feasibility and effectiveness.
Optimization of the Energy-Saving of the Urban Rail Vehicle’s Running
Authors: Hou Yue , Yang Jian , Zhang Qi
Published: February 2012

According to the traction calculation and energy saving control strategy, the energy-saving method of the urban rail vehicle’s running is optimized. The running characteristic curve and energy consumption are calculated based on the actual running conditions of the Shanghai metro line 2 by using the optimizing algorithm and the calculated results are analyzed comparatively with the actual test data of Shanghai metro line 2. The research results show that the energy¬-saving efficiency of Hybrid optimization algorithm which the rail braking for two times is higher than the braking for one time. These works will provide the important reference value for the research on the energy-saving of the urban railway vehicle.
Virtual Boundary Integral Method for Anisotropic Potential Problems
Authors: Jiang Xin Rong , Fu Xin
Published: February 2012

Heat conduction in anisotropic materials has important applications in science and engineering. In this paper the virtual boundary element method (VBEM) is applied to solve these problems. Due to the fact of a virtual boundary outside the real boundary, the VBEM does not need to treat the singular boundary integrals, and thus, is more accurate and convenient than the traditional one. Numerical examples are presented, to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this method.
Word Similarity Algorithm Based on WordNet And HowNet
Authors: Ren Wu Ling , Guo Jin Ju
Published: February 2012

To make the word similarity calculated results more reasonable and accurate, a new word similarity algorithm is proposed. It uses HowNet primitive hierarchical tree structure, and calculates the two primitives’ distance with the method computing WordNet node distance which considers the tree depth, density, path and connecting intensity, etc. Moreover, algorithm also improves the method that distance into similarity. Finally, this algorithm is compared with related algorithms through experiment. The results show that the proposed algorithm effectively improves the precision and accuracy of word similarity calculation.
The Research on Scientific Research Management System Based on Improved MVC Pattern
Authors: Chen Cai Xian , Zhang Rui
Published: February 2012

With development of internet, constructing digital campus, realizing office automation, has become the key to realize the modernization of management in institutes of higher learning, Due to the shortcomings of traditional methods in developing Web application, the MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern is introduced. This paper analyses MVC pattern. On the purpose of the unanimous solution of scientific research management and commercialization, an improved MVC pattern based on the conventional one is introduced. The practice of developing the scientific research management system proved the improved pattern is feasible.
Optimization Research for the Motion Law of Vice-Spindle of Twin-Spindle CNC Turning Center
Authors: Liu Jian Hui , Jin Hua , Niu Hai Yong
Published: February 2012

The vice-spindle of twin-spindle CNC turning center is easy to produce flexible impact in the process of griping work-piece and it will affect the accuracy of transmission system. According to the problem, an optimization method of staged acceleration-deceleration added to the vice-spindle motion law is put forward, and the optimization scheme is proposed. The results of simulation indicate that the scheme can reduce the flexible impact effectively and ensure the accuracy of transmission system.
Study of Forward Connecting Rod Combined Lifting Mechanism Based on Linear Transformation and Vector Algebra
Authors: Wu Ming Qing
Published: February 2012

By adopting the method of block analysis,the paper analyzes and calculates the forward connecting rod combined lift mechanism by broking up it into a four-bar linkage and the plane motion of an arm triangle rigid body, constructs the kinematic equations of four-bar linkage and arm triangle and the static equations of four-bar linkage based on linear transformation and vector algebra and establishes the mathematical model of lift mechanism based on linear transformation and vector algebra.
The Study of Electromechanical Brake Device Based on the Ball Screw
Authors: Guan Dong , Yang Xiao Hui , Liu Geng , Tong Rui Ting , Ma Shang Jun
Published: February 2012

To improve the car's active safety, studies on electromechanical brake (EMB) system have been taken in recent years. The principle and characteristics of EMB are investigated in this paper. An EMB system is designed, and a ballscrew/ballnut assembly is used as the transmission device. The comparison of hydraulic brake (HB) and EMB shown that EMB could regulate brake force more quickly and accurately.
Study on Axial Contact Deformation of Planetary Roller Screw
Authors: Zhang Xiao Cai , Liu Geng , Ma Shang Jun , Tong Rui Ting , Luo Hao
Published: February 2012

Based on the current study of planetary roller screw(PRS), a summary of how to match the main parameters of the PRS is obtained. A mathematic model for contact analysis is developed, where series of equivalent balls are used to replace the rounded profile of the roller. At the same time, the formula of axial contact deformation of the PRS is derived. Then a simplified finite element model of the PRS is established and the contact analysis is conducted by FEA. The FEA results and the theoretical ones agree well with each other, so the accuracy of the calculation method and the validity of the equivalent method are verified.
Relationship of Post Treatment Temperature and Tensile Strength for Selective Laser Sintering
Authors: Su Jun , Li Xiao Jing , Qu Pei Xin
Published: February 2012

Though SLS technology have got well development, the strength of the sintering prototype parts still need a lot of research. The lower strength of prototype parts mightl seriously affect the quality. The past research result shows that intensity of coated sand specimens of SLS sintering method is lower and cannot be used for metal casting, the sintered parts must be post-processed. In this study, author used the coated sand casting as the material of selective laser sintering experiment, studied the processing temperature and time on the mechanical properties of post-processing, and the influence on gas-forming property and collapsibility of the pieces. And combined with casting experimental to analyze the accuracy influence factors of precoated sand sintering parts and other performance assessment. Through the above analysis, we concluded that the influence law the post-processing of temperature on tensile strength of coated sand specimens under three different insulation temperature conditions.
Preparation of Layered Double Hydroxides Nanomaterails via the Anionic Surfactant
Authors: Sun Ling Na , Tang Wen Wen
Published: February 2012

Different Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterials had been synthesized using anion surfactant in the solution of mixed solvents. Using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as morphology-controlling agent, different morphologies of Mg-Al LDHs are obtained successfully. The concentration of the reactant and the dosage of SDBS had significant effects on the morphology of the products. The morphologies of flower-like spheres, nanospheres, and micro-particles were efficiently obtained, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize these products.
Study of Erosion on Metal Meterals for High Pressure Pipe Manifolds
Authors: Zhang Ji Xin , Fan Jian Chun , Zhan Xian Jue , Jiang Xin
Published: February 2012

The fracturing fluid with solid particles in the process of high-speed injects to high pressure pipe manifolds will cause serious erosion damage, lead to serious material loss and equipment failure. Thus the prevention of erosive wear on high pressure pipe manifolds is regarded as one of the most important problems in practical engineering. In this paper, a new type of test machine was developed to simulate the erosive wear behavior of metal materials caused by the multiphase fluid such as fracturing fluid, and study the erosion failure mechanism by various metal erosion influencing factors including the velocity of multiphase flow, solid particles of fracturing proppant and impact angles, etc. The erosion-wear experiments on 30CrMo steels used in high-pressure pipe manifolds is described in detail. Finally, the microcosmic surface testing was also used to analyze the erosion failure mechanism of metal materials for high pressure pipe manifolds.
Load Forecasting of Coal-Fired Unit Based on SVM Model
Authors: Liu Wei Liang , Ma Yong Guang , Ma Liang Yu , Lin Yong Jun , Liu Shuang Sai
Published: February 2012

In order to obtain accurate load forecasting of coal-fired unit, a new algorithm based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) method is presented. This algorithm establishes a model to reflect the complicated relation between the load of coal-fired unit and the furnace flame Images. The trained SVM model is applied to a 660MW coal-fired unit to forecast the load with two groups of test samples. The results are compared with that of BP neural network model. It is shown the SVM model is more accurate than the BP NN model. The SVM method can satisfy the demand of engineering applications with the advantages of high forecasting accuracy and more generalized performance.
Model Parameter Adaptive Sliding Mode Model-Following Position Control of PMSM
Authors: Wang Zheng Jun , Wang Jun Zheng , Wang Hao , Zhao Jiang Bo
Published: February 2012

This paper aims at improving the robustness of the PMSM position control system with the parameter variation and load disturbance. A novel control strategy utilizing sliding mode model-following control (SMMFC) with the adaptive parameters observed by dual unscented Kalman filter (DUKF) observer is proposed. The switching gain of sliding mode is designed including the observed states of the system to suppress the chattering. The experimental results show that the robustness has been improved by sliding mode control, and the chattering has been well suppressed by switching gain adaptation depending on the observed states of the system. Meanwhile, the control accuracy has been enhanced by model-following control with parameter adaptation. The position control performance of PMSM has been improved by the proposed scheme.
The Design of a Universal Infrared Remote Repeater
Authors: Nie Hong Shan , Liu Qiang , Li Miao , Li Qing Jiang , Liu Hai Jun , Sun Zhao Lin , Xu Hui
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a common infrared remote control transmitter is designed, using which, a variety of infrared remote control signal can be decoded, stored and transmitted when users need. And with this design, the problem that remote controllers can not be universally operated is solved . In the design, the algorithm of pattern clustering is used to reduce the errors caused by the instability of clock signal. Moreover, the method of vector Quantization coding and repetitive pattern recognition is used to compress he remote control signal data which achieve a good decoding efficiency and a storage efficiency. Experiments show that the design is feasible and has a good prospect in application.
Fault Diagnostic Method of High-Current Converter Using Wavelet Neural Network Based on Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Chen Te Fang , Fu Qiang , Zhu Jiao Jiao
Published: February 2012

A novel method for fault Diagnosis of High-current converter, which is constructed on the basis of Wavelet Neural Network and Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithms (IAGA), is presented here. In the proposed method, IAGA is employed to optimize the structure and the parameters of WNN and enhance the complexity, convergence and generalization ability of the network. By training and testing under MATLAB/SIMULINK, it is clearly shown that WNN based on IAGA performs better than WNN based on BP（Back-Propagation Neural Network）as well as linear adaptive GA (LAGA).
Design on Remote Intelligent Terminal Unit of Industrial Ethernet Based on STM32
Authors: Xu Lei , Guan Li Min , Bai Yun Ting
Published: February 2012

For the supervision and control on the unattended electromechanical equipments, this paper applies industrial Ethernet technology to the design of RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) in SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system. The hardware design of RTU is centered on STM32F107VC, which includes network communication interface, I/O (Input/Output) interface and local memory circuit. The software design, based on the midware of RL-ARM provided by ARM Ltd, comprises multi-task network communication, web server for remote configuration and file system for temporary data storage. The applications show that this intelligent RTU has properties of high reliability, good real-time, high EMC, small volume, low cost and simple implementation.
Research and Development of Solar Energy Automatic Bird Expeller Device
Authors: Chen Guang Jian
Published: February 2012

In respond to the national energy saving, emission reduction, and development and utilization of new energy, and with the objective of practical application, a set of solar energy automatic bird expeller device is designed with solar photovoltaic technology, singlechip technology, and digital voice technology. The paper proposes systematic integral design scheme, and focuses on the description of system hardware and software design. The bird expeller device designed is energy-saving, environmentally-friendly, convenient to use, and has good application prospects.
Flight Control Law Design via Pole Placement
Authors: Qian Zheng Zai , Zhai Xiao Hua
Published: February 2012

Modern aircraft is designed generally with static unstable configuration in order to achieve the good maneuvering performance and the good controllability. Flight control law design is very important for the modern aircraft. The most importance for the flight control law is sustained flight. This paper presents a method of the state space description static instability mathematic model of modern aircraft. A new flight control law design based on pole placement and state feedback method is given in this paper also. The flight system stability and maneuverability are greatly improved through the method of the pole placement and state feedback. The simulation results show that pole placement method is very important and feasible in modern flight control system design.
Predictive Control Based on Fuzzy Expert PID Tuning Control
Authors: Qian Zheng Zai , Xin Gong Cai , Tao Jin Niu
Published: February 2012

In decade years, several simple methods for the automatic tuning of PID controllers have been proposed. There have been different approaches to the problem of deriving a PID-like adaptive controller. All of these can be classified into two broad categories: model-based; or expert systems. In this paper a new expert adaptive controller is proposed in which the underlying control law is a PID structure. The design is based on the fuzzy logic and the generalized predictive control theory. The proposed controller can be applied to a large class of systems which is model uncertainty or strong non-linearity. Simulation results have also been illustrated. It shows that the proposed expert PID-like controller performed well than generally used PID.
Research on Equipment Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Multi-Sensor Data Fusion
Authors: Ma Bin , Hao Lin Chong , Zhang Wan Jiang , Dai Jing , Han Zhong Hua
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we presented an equipment fault diagnosis method based on multi-sensor data fusion, in order to solve the problems such as uncertainty, imprecision and low reliability caused by using a single sensor to diagnose the equipment faults. We used a variety of sensors to collect the data for diagnosed objects and fused the data by using D-S evidence theory, according to the change of confidence and uncertainty, diagnosed whether the faults happened. Experimental results show that, the D-S evidence theory algorithm can reduce the uncertainty of the results of fault diagnosis, improved diagnostic accuracy and reliability, and compared with the fault diagnosis using a single sensor, this method has a better effect.
Remote Detection of Soil Humidity Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Fan Hua Long , Zhou De Quan
Published: February 2012

Soil humidity is considered as one of important soil parameters and is already used widely in agriculture information system. The measurement of the soil humidity, characterized by accuracy and continuity, can help build useful information systems for modern agriculture. Remote detection of soil humidity can be achieved easily by using wireless sensors network (WSN). In this paper, a way to build an automatic irrigating system taking advantage of humidity measurements, which is obtained based on Wireless Sensor Network, is proposed. That how the humidity is detected and how the WSN is constructed is discussed. Furthermore, the connection of hardware devices and the programs of software is described.
Production Dynamic Scheduling among Factories Based on Multi-Agent
Authors: Qin Ling , Kan Shu Lin
Published: February 2012

To solve fluctuation problem in production plan and scheduling among factories, a logic framework of production dynamic scheduling among factories based on multi-agent technology was constructed. In this framework, the production dynamic scheduling multi-agent negotiation rules and mechanism among factories were established. Furthermore, the production dynamic scheduling multi-agent negotiation procedure among factories was investigated. Finally, the simulation system of production dynamic scheduling among factories based on multi-agent is demonstrated and validated by Flexsim software. It has shown the proposed method can improve the adaptability and stability of production plan and scheduling, and provide a support for optimal and dynamic production plan and scheduling among factories.
Investigation on Al-Cr2O3-Al2O3 Sliding Gate Performance
Authors: Zhang Jun Jie , Li Yong , Li Jin Bao , Gao Yuan , Ma Gong Dong
Published: February 2012

High performance Al-Cr2O3-Al2O3 sliding gate are made from tabular corundum, white fused corundum, aluminum powder, and chromium oxide powder. Phenolic resin is used as binder. The properties of the Al-Cr2O3-Al2O3 sliding gates with the different content of chromium oxide(mass percent 3%,6%,9%,12%,15%) which are made from different processes (dried at 200°C in air, fired at 1300°Cin N2 and fired at 1450°C in CO), are researched respectively. The results show that in different processes, the samples which contain 6% chromium oxide powder have higher cold crushing strength and hot modulus of rupture. After fired in N2, the new phases Al8Cr5 (1327°C), AlN are formed, and after fired in CO, Al8Cr5, Al2OC and Cr3C2 are formed. These materials are contributed to improve the mechanical properties of samples. The samples fired in N2 have the best performance.
Coal Macerals Response to Coal Liquefying Activity Based on SPSS - Take No.11 Coalbed in Antaibao Mine for Example
Authors: Xia Xiao Hong , Liu Ying , Qin Yong , Yang Wei Feng
Published: February 2012

Coal liquefaction is the available, adoptable method of relieving the energy crisis from crude oil supply in large scale. The coal type and react activity are hot research. In this paper, From the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) data correlation analysis and hierarchical clustering graph about the macerals respond to coal liquefaction yield, all the correlation coefficients determine the liquefying activity of submacerals. It shows that every liquefaction intendancy is agreed with the maceral inherent petrology property, and these views have been found in previous study. The results indicated that by means of SPSS method, we can take investigation when there is not proper experiment condition. Compared with painstaking seperating-maceral experiment and the impossible separation to submacerals, it may be a simple, accurate, comprehensively, completely and practically method in a sense.
Microstructures and Properties of Ni25 and Fe304 Repairing Layers Prepared by Plasma Surfacing
Authors: Wang Wen Quan , Lu Bao Sheng , Shan Chang Long
Published: February 2012

Microstructures and properties of plasma surfaced Ni25 and Fe304 layers prepared on nodular cast iron substrate were investigated. The study showed that the interface boundary existed between the layers and substrate. Compared with typical microstructures of welded joint, the similar columnar grains in the layers perpendicular to the interface line were observed, which were hardly seen in the plasma sprayed coating. The conclusion could be drawn that the bonding between the Ni25 and Fe304 layers and nodular cast iron substrate belonged to the metallurgical cohesion. The XRD analysis showed that the metal compounds such as Ni4B3，Cr7BC4，γ-(Fe, Ni) and Cr7C3were found in the layers. The study demonstrated that the layers had proper strength and hardness to repair the surface defects of the nodular cast iron.
Improved Pavement Distress Detection Based on Contourlet Transform and Multi-Direction Morphological Structuring Elements
Authors: Li Gang
Published: February 2012

Traditional methods for crack distress detection cannot capture the geometric information of images and tend to amplify noise. In order to solve this problem, an improved algorithm based on contourlet transform and multi-direction morphological structuring elements is proposed. The new algorithm decomposed image into approximation coefficients and detail coefficients. Morphological erode operations is used to distinguish noise form detail information according to dependencies of contourlet coefficients, then nonlinear mapping function is used to modify the contourlet coefficients. And the enhanced image is obtained by contourlet inverse transform. Compared with other traditional methods, the experimental results indicate that our method can effectively extract the edges of cracks and evidently decrease the influence of noises. Moreover, it can provide good image processing speed.
Winding Loss Simulation and Optimal Design of a High Frequency Coaxial Transformer
Authors: Yang Xiao Guang
Published: February 2012

A high frequency coaxial transformer (HFCT) with a split winding structure and litz wire has been developed for high frequency (HF) and high power DC/DC converter applications. A method combined numerical analysis of magnetic field and analytical calculation of litz wire winding losses, taking into account conduction losses and proximity effect losses, is proposed for the designed HFCT. The experimental results validate the winding loss calculation method. The measured results demonstrate that the voltage ratio has a good agreement with the turn ratio over the frequency range from 0.1MHz to 1MHz, indicating that the high coupling efficiency has been obtained.
Research and Design of the Combination and Limit-Based Oil Tank
Authors: Fu Lian Dong , Luo Fu Sheng , Xu Jin Yun
Published: February 2012

When the tank is rotating together with load, the hydraulic oil surface in the tank will be higher at one side than another. In this paper, the shape of oil surface will be theoretical calculated and simulated by MATLAB. In order to reduce the load imbalance, a new type of oil tank was designed to reduce gravitational torque and rotary inertia caused by the height difference of oil liquid. It also designed a new oil filter net to filter impurities.
Towards an Accurate Control of Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor
Authors: Li Shi , Hu Yan , Zong Xi Ju
Published: February 2012

Circulating fluidized bed combustion is a widely used technology because of its ability to burn a wide variety of fuels efficiently and in an environmentally acceptable manner. To guarantee optimal combustion performances, combustion stability is essential. This paper proposes a comparative approach to define a suitable control strategy for an accurate control of fuel combustion. Several control laws are therefore defined and applied on a dynamic nonlinear model, based on a pilot plant and representative of the main combustion phenomena: a conventional PID, a linear optimal control, a robust H∞ approach and a nonlinear control.
Design of New Frequency Converter Based on TMS320LF2407A
Authors: Yuan Zhan Jun , Wang Jin
Published: February 2012

In order to improve voltage utilization ratio and dynamic performance of frequency converter, this paper presents a digital frequency converter design scheme based on digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A and the theory of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology, provides its detailed design measures of software and hardware and SVPWM algorithm realization methods. The experimental results prove that this new frequency converter has simple structure, high control precision, higher voltage utilization ratio, better dynamic and static property.
Numerical Simulation of Solid-Liquid Multiphase Flow in Horizontal Flexural Pipes
Authors: Zhang Hong Bing , Pan Yi Xin , Xie Rong Hua , Liu Xing Bin , Wang Ying
Published: February 2012

We need to hold flow characteristic for water- and/or oil-sediments, with low-middle volume fraction of the particles in horizontal flexural pipes, in order to design logging tool and build interpretation methods for the producing profile. To achieve this, we built governing equations and boundary conditions for the water- and/or oil-sediments based on the mixture algebraic slip model (MASM), and gained numerical solution by the finite difference method and the successive over relaxation. 3-D simulation results in flexural horizontal pipes indicated that volume of oil is obviously greater than that of water in the downhill but opposite in upgrade. When the velocity in the entrance is small enough, “die oil” perhaps presents at top of the borehole in downhill. Moreover, this entrance velocity arisen “die oil” is increasing with height of interface. The volume of deposited particle in lowest location is reducing with increasing the entrance velocity when the entrance velocity is small and increasing with the entrance velocity when the entrance velocity is large, and slant surface of deposited particle volume is gradually emerged. This is due that deposited particles are hiked once again and carried forward when the flow velocity is greater than incipient velocity for a particle size.
Research on the Method of the Calibration of 3D Scanning Probe System Based on the Least Squares of Subsection-Variable Parameters
Authors: Wan Peng , Guo Jun Jie , Wu Pei Lin
Published: February 2012

Traditional one-dimensional, two-dimensional probe can only measure the micro displacement in one or two directions of space, therefore highly-efficient and highly-precise measurement requirements of the surface of the complex gear can’t be satisfied. Because 3D scanning probe can measure the micro-displacement in three mutually perpendicular directions of space, with it, continuous scanning motion measurement can be achieved and a large number of data points in three directions of space can be measured in a very short time, it is widely used in gear measurement industry at home and abroad. However, because of the limitations of mechanical structure of 3D scanning probe, installation errors and environmental factors, the measured three directions can’t always be strictly vertical, and in the measurement, there will be the interference and the coupling phenomenon among the three directions. The study about how to ensure the highly precise characteristics of 3D scanning probe using a reasonable calibration method has become hot and difficult. In the paper, a new calibration method is proposed, the different regions on the standard ball were continuously contacted by 3D scanning probe, and let the probe step 10 times on the each contact point of standard ball, 10 group of points data were read out. The point of subsection was determined based on the deformation of the probe in the experiment, the data of the probe collected in each segment were fitted by using of the least squares method. Several calibration matrices were so obtained, the precise calibration of 3D scanning probe can be achieved. This method is finally verified by experiment. The experimental results show that the method of calibration is feasible, and has the advantages of high-speed and high-precision, which lays a solid foundation for high-precision measurement of 3D scanning probe.
Sintering Procedure of Calcium Hexaluminate Ceramics
Authors: Li Yuan
Published: February 2012

Thermal expansion behavior of ceramic green bodies could be used to determine appropriate sintering procedure for ceramic materials. In this paper, green bodies containing alumina and calcium hydroxide was prepared by slip casting and their thermal expansion behavior was measured. Thermal expansion curve indicated that calcium aluminate (CaO•Al2O3, CA) and calcium dialuminate (CaO•2Al2O3, CA2) are yielded by reaction sintering as intermediate phase compounds in green samples at temperature about 1160°C and 1240°C-1410°C, respectively; and calcium hexaluminate (CaO•6Al2O3, CA6) is yielded as target product at 1450°C-1560°C. Controlled sintering procedure was determined according to thermal expansion curve of green samples. Analysis result to properties of sintered samples indicated that thermal expansion behavior revealed to be a very simple and powerful tool to determine reaction sintering procedure of calcium hexaluminate ceramics.