bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criatividade científica: pesquisadores e métodos criativos
Authors: Nakamura-Gonino Camila Thiemi , Araújo Gustavo Medeiros de
Published: July 2022

O desenvolvimento de pesquisa sobre criatividade é essencial para que haja avanços e inovações em diferentes contextos e domínios, em especial, o científico, auxiliando na identificação de oportunidades e problemas variados, bem como na geração de novas abordagens e soluções. Enquanto importante ferramenta para resolução de problemas, o pensamento criativo pode ser muito proveitoso para ciência em geral, no entanto, há muitas lacunas a respeito dessa interação. A compreensão detalhada da criatividade em todas as suas dimensões torna-se fundamentalmente importante diante de problemas cada vez mais complexos. Com base nisso, este estudo objetivou identificar possíveis contribuições da criatividade no escopo da produção científica, e para tanto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos científicos para definição dos conceitos de criatividade e criatividade científica, assim como para o levantamento das principais características concernentes aos temas: criatividade; criatividade científica; pessoa criativa; processo criativo; pesquisador/cientista; e método científico. Os resultados demonstraram que os cientistas podem ser considerados como pessoas criativas e que técnicas e ferramentas de estímulo à criatividade podem ser implementadas nas atividades científicas, a fim de que os pesquisadores sejam incentivados a explorar e investigar caminhos inovadores.
Formação profissional em Biblioteconomia e Sistemas de Informação: as interfaces dos cursos da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Authors: Martins Sabrina , Karpinski Cezar
Published: July 2022

A pesquisa aborda o tema da Interdisciplinaridade no escopo do ensino de graduação. O tema foi desenvolvido a partir de análise comparativa entre os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de Biblioteconomia e Sistemas de Informação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Buscando fazer a aproximação de duas formações distintas, se questionou se existem evidências de interfaces referentes à formação em Biblioteconomia e Sistemas de Informação, uma vez que ambos apresentam ênfase em conteúdos relacionados à informação e à tecnologia. Como objetivo, o presente trabalho buscou analisar aspectos interdisciplinares presentes nos projetos pedagógicos dos Cursos de Biblioteconomia e Sistemas de Informação. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e descritiva, de abordagem qualiquantitativa, com procedimentos técnicos de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Como resultados apresenta-se um panorama da formação profissional a partir dos objetivos gerais, específicos e do perfil do egresso constantes nos referidos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos. Os resultados apontam que a interface interdisciplinar dos cursos se dá nos aspectos da gestão da informação, do tratamento da informação e em projetos de sistemas de informação. Conclui-se que os dois cursos podem buscar apoio/cooperação um do outro, tanto na automatização de sistemas, dado pelo profissional de Sistemas de Informação, quanto na organização/gestão das demandas por Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, expertise que faz parte do perfil profissional do bibliotecário.
KÖLE KIZ DİYA’NIN SATIŞ BELGESİ ÜZERİNDEN KAHİRE GENİZA KOLEKSİYONU
Authors: GÜNGÖR Zeynep
Published: July 2022

Kahire’de Ben Ezra Sinagogunda bulunan Geniza belgeleri Ortaçağ’ın en önemli merkezlerinden biri olan şehrin, 950-1250 yılları arasındaki dönemine ışık tutması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Koleksiyon içerisinde Yahudilerin özellikle Eyyubi Devleti’nin hakimiyeti altında yaşadıkları dönemde sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik durumları ile ilgili çok sayıda belge mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kahire Geniza koleksiyonundan alınan bir belgeden yola çıkılarak Yahudilerin ticaret usullerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmamızda 1226 yılında Diya adında bir köle kızın satılmasını gösteren söz konusu belge incelenmiştir. Belgenin dili, tarihlendirilmesi, köle olarak satılan Diya’nın fiyatı, kinyan uygulaması ve satış işlemlerinde vekil tayin etme geleneği gibi detaylar çalışmamızın muhteviyatını oluşturmaktadır.
The Ecological Sustainability of Plato’s Republic
Authors: Erck Susan
Published: July 2022

The Republic’s political discussion begins with the construction of two contrasting cities: a ‘healthy’ city and a ‘city with a fever’; one defined by environmentally sustainable subsistence practices and the other by ‘luxurious’ over consumption that exceeds the carrying capacity of its land. Plato’s characters proceed to cure the inflamed city of its fever, resulting in the delineation of the ideal political constitution, the Kallipolis, which recovers the virtues of the original, healthy city in an altered form. This paper develops an ecological reading of the Republic, highlighting Plato’s optimism regarding humans’ ability to limit their material consumption in accordance with the limits of the natural world. The conventional interpretation of the Republic’s first city, known as ‘the city of pigs’, is reconsidered in light of new socio-ecological research on traditional resource management systems.
Automation, Slavery, and Work in Aristotle’s Politics Book I
Authors: Bhorat Ziyaad
Published: July 2022

Engaging Aristotle’s broader corpus, this paper offers an exegesis of his counterfactual statement in the Politics regarding self-weaving shuttles and self-playing lyres. It argues that Aristotle imagines and offers his own theory of automation – if by automation we understand the conditions, limits, and consequences of substituting human work with artificial tools capable of acting themselves to complete the relevant task. Because such automated tools are impossible in Aristotle’s time, his political thought is never positively released from its foundational dependence on living tools and the extremity of natural slavery. By analysing what it means for these workers to be considered tools, the perceptual requirements of the work they are to perform – as understood through the disjunctive conditions under which automated tools could replace them – and the consequences to masters and master-craftsmen of employing such tools, Aristotle’s disparagement of slave and craft subordinate work is thus also re-emphasized.
The Double Life of Ibn Bajja: A Platonic Philosopher among the Potentates of His Time
Authors: Orwin Alexander
Published: July 2022

Ibn Bajja both lavishly praises Plato, and quietly alters his teaching. He develops a novel version of the Platonic city, taken partly from Alfarabi, which completely excludes non-philosophers from it, arguing that the gap between purely intellectual philosophy and mostly corporeal politics is simply too great. This allows Ibn Bajja to escape many of the problems associated with the exposition and implementation of the city of the Republic and Political Regime, but raises a new difficulty, namely, the relationship of the small, weak city of the philosophers to the stronger, larger cities of human beings more generally, in the midst of which it must somehow flourish. Ibn Bajja’s solution, ironically, points to the frenetic political engagement for which his biography is known, and which he himself may eventually have come to regret.
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers Associated with Multiple Peripheral Artery Occlusions in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Zhou Wenhang , Hu Youdong , Zhou Hualan , Chen Ying
Published: July 2022

Background: Pro-oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses can influence each other in the development of atherosclerosis. This study evaluated the relationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and multiple peripheral artery occlusions in elderly patients (age mean 71.2 ± 8.1 years). Methods: A total of 723 participants were enrolled: 67 healthy subjects, 214 patients with common iliac artery occlusions, 224 patients with popliteal artery occlusions, and 218 patients with femoral artery occlusions. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], F2-isoprostane [F2-isoP], total oxidant status [TOS], and ischemia-modified albumin [IMA]) and the expressions of molecules in mimecan (MIME)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/P53/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in older patients with multiple peripheral artery occlusions. Results: The levels of MDA, F2-isoP, TOS, IMA, MIME, NF-κB, P53, and TLR4 were increased in the single-site peripheral artery occlusive group when compared with healthy controls ( P < .001) and were further increased in the multiple-site peripheral artery occlusive group compared with the single-site peripheral artery occlusive group ( P < .001). Conclusion: Oxidative stress may promote inflammatory signaling pathways and lead to multiple peripheral artery occlusions in elderly patients.
Peace Negotiations in Civil Conflicts: A New Dataset
Authors: Arı Barış
Published: July 2022

This article introduces the Peace Negotiations in Civil Conflicts (PNCC) dataset, which identifies whether a state-party and rival non-state armed group is in the formal negotiation phase of a peace process. The PNCC goes beyond recording instances of peace talks by offering a conceptual framework to identify when a government-rebel group dyad is at risk of formal negotiations. It explicitly considers issues central in event-history modelling, including censoring and the observation period. The PNCC also provides detailed information on negotiations, including the date and location of peace talks, and whether negotiations were bilateral or through mediation. The PNCC is the first source to distinguish mediated and non-mediated civil conflict negotiations under a single framework. Structured over the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset with global coverage for 1975-2013, the PNCC is integrable to commonly used civil war datasets.
State breakdown and Army-Splinter Rebellions
Authors: McLauchlin Theodore
Published: July 2022

In Afghanistan, Libya, Liberia and beyond, armed rebellions have begun when armies fell apart. When does this occur? This paper conducts a large-N analysis of these army-splinter rebellions, distinct from both non-military rebellions from below and from coups, using new data. It finds that they follow a logic of state breakdown focusing on regime characteristics (personalist regimes and the loss of superpower support at the end of the Cold War) rather than drivers of mass mobilization from below. In contrast, these regime-level factors matter much less for the non-military rebellions from below that dominate theorizing about civil war origins. This paper also shows that one option for military rebels lies in not attempting a coup but instead heading straight into a rebellion. This paper thus distinguishes highly different paths to armed conflict, validates the state breakdown approach to why armies fall apart, and extends the well-known tradeoff between coups and civil wars.
Palliative Care Utilisation Among Non-Western Migrants in Denmark: A Qualitative Study Of the Experiences of Patients, Family Caregivers and Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Shabnam Jahan , Timm Helle Ussing , Nielsen Dorthe Susanne , Raunkiær Mette
Published: July 2022

This study explores care experiences while utilising palliative care services of non-western migrant families from the perspectives of patients, family caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Denmark. Twenty-three semi-structured individual and group interviews were conducted among eight patients with a life-threatening disease, 11 family caregivers, and ten healthcare professionals. Thematic analysis revealed three themes: 1) Communication between families and healthcare professionals; 2) Building and lack of trusting relations, and feeling safe, and 3) Access to information and navigating in the healthcare system. Moreover, ‘‘language and culture’’ emerged as transaction themes that are not mutually exclusive, however, interconnect across the mentioned three themes. Non-western migrant families can be supported by healthcare professionals’ cultural competency training, negotiating on providing services concerning information, patient preferences, family involvement, and palliative care setting. This study findings urge inter-sectoral collaboration to ensure needs-oriented and linguistically and culturally appropriate palliative care services for non-western migrant families in Denmark.
Situating class in workplace and community environmentalism: Working-class environmentalism and deindustrialisation in Porto Marghera, Venice
Authors: Feltrin Lorenzo
Published: July 2022

This article explores the challenges faced by working-class environmentalism through the case study of the industrial decline of Porto Marghera’s petrochemical complex, in Venice, Italy. It argues that there is a class dimension in environmentalist struggles in both workplaces and communities. Workplace-centred struggles are conflicts over the conditions under which workers produce commodities or reproduce labour-power, while community-centred struggles are conflicts over the conditions of workers’ own reproduction. The distinction between workplace-centred and community-centred struggles is based on three theoretical expansions: (1) a conception of working-class based on dispossession rather than exploitation; (2) a conception of work including both production and reproduction; (3) a conception of working-class interests encompassing both the workplace and the community. The article thus contributes to environmental labour studies with an original analysis of the interplay between workplace-centred and community-centred working-class environmentalist struggles. In Porto Marghera, in the 1990s and 2000s, the community-centred and workplace-centred working-class environmentalist camps diverged over chlorine-based production, with the former demanding a just transition away from chlorine and the latter a just transition within it. While the rival mobilisations limited damage to health and the environment on the one hand, and to chlorine workers’ livelihoods on the other hand, chlorine-based production was closed without full environmental remediation and without the relocation of all its workers to comparable jobs. The article concludes that the convergence between workplace and community organising is a critical step in the construction of alternatives to the jobs versus environment dilemma.
Niche Sociality: Approaching Adversity in Everyday Life
Authors: Manning Nick , Birk Rasmus , Rose Nikolas
Published: July 2022

How should sociologists understand the everyday lives of those living in adversity, coping with the experience of structural violence? In this article, focusing on the urban experience, we suggest a perspective on ‘everyday life’ that can encompass corporeal, mental, relational and social dimensions, which we term ‘niche sociality’. First, we use Gibson’s niches and affordances to enrich the post-representationalist understanding of human beings as embodied/cultural/environmentally embedded organisms. Second, we enrich Gibson’s niches and affordances with theories for ‘small-scale’ sociality drawn from social practice theory and interaction ritual chains. Third, we illustrate the productivity of these ideas throughout the article, by grounding our conceptual work in empirical examples that analyse the everyday lives and mental life of migrant workers in Shanghai. Niche sociality, we argue, is a way of framing the experience of the everyday, a perspective that could – perhaps should – provoke novel ecosocial studies of adversity.
Spatial Mismatch and the Share of Black, Hispanic, and White Students Enrolled in Charter Schools
Authors: Denice Patrick
Published: July 2022

How are patterns of segregation related to families’ engagement in public-school choice policies across U.S. metropolitan areas? This article examines how segregation in urban public schools and the spatial mismatch between school-age children and relatively high-performing schools relate to the shares of Black, Hispanic, and White students enrolled in charter schools, one particular school choice mechanism. Drawing on Core-Based Statistical Area–level data, I find that charter-school enrollment among Black students is positively associated with spatial mismatch. As the degree of geographic imbalance between Black and, to a lesser extent, Hispanic school-age children and high-performing schools increases, so too does the share of Black and Hispanic students who enroll in charter schools. There is no such relationship for White students, whose enrollment in charter schools is higher when school segregation is relatively low—that is, when they would be more likely to attend neighborhood public schools with Black children.
Temple, sex, gender and society
Authors: Graham Elaine
Published: July 2022

This article gives an overview of the main economic, legal and cultural changes around the role of women, debates about gender identity and patterns of marriage and the family that have taken place over the past 80 years since Christianity and Social Order was first published.
‘The land question’: William Temple and environmentalism
Authors: Carrette Jeremy
Published: July 2022

This article explores Temple’s understanding of the ethics of land in Christianity and Social Order. It explores Temple’s engagement with contemporary issues of land in relation to profit, ownership and invasion. It is relevant to the contemporary invasion of Ukraine and environmentalism.
Temple and Tutu: speaking truth to power
Authors: Gill Robin
Published: July 2022

A comparison of attempts by Archbishops William Temple and Desmond Tutu to shape values within a pluralist society, with a particular focus on Temple’s Christianity and Social Order.
Geographical distribution and molecular survey of freshwater snail intermediate hosts of Schistosoma haematobium by DraI/Sh73 PCR in eliminated foci of Morocco
Authors: Amarir Fatima , Balahbib Abedelaali , Bouhout Souad , Adlaoui El Bachir , Sadak Abederrahim , Sebti Faiza
Published: July 2022

Morocco had reached the level of schistosomiasis elimination 16 years ago. However the spread of freshwater snails in several breeding sites, and imported schistosome infection, still exist. Therefore, snail survey is a crucial component to sustain elimination progress. This study aimed to evaluate and to incorporate DraI/Sh73 PCR, for detecting early prepatent Schistosoma haematobium infection in snail host, into epidemiologic surveillance for schistosomiasis, particularly in reportedly eliminated foci where S.bovis overlaps with S. haematobium. The geographical distribution and the density of Bulinus truncatus and Planorbarius metidjensis were monitored for six years (2014–2019) and snail sampling were conducted in Fkih Ben Saleh province. All snails were analyzed in pools by DraI/Sh73 PCR. Results showed absence of Planorbarius metidjensi and none of the collected Bulinus truncatus snails were infected by S. haematobium. DraI/Sh73 PCR using pooled snail extracts is specific, feasible and suitable in routine malacological survey in the post elimination phase of schistosomiasis in Morocco.
A rare case of acute abdomen in a child with scrub typhus
Authors: Sahu Sanjay Kumar , Behera Chinmay Kumar , Pradhan Sarbeswar
Published: July 2022

Acalculous cholecystitis and pancreatitis are rare complications of scrub typhus in children. In febrile patients from an endemic area with multisystem involvement, scrub typhus should be a differential diagnosis. Scrub typhus patients who develop abdominal pain, acute cholecystitis or pancreatitis should be suspected.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia for primary care: Review of components and application for residents in primary care
Authors: Traupman Emily K , Dixon Mark A
Published: July 2022

Healthy sleep patterns are a significant component of good physical and mental health. Quality sleep can be affected by such things as stress, age, pregnancy, physical health problems, and shift work. Behaviors related to sleep problems can be one of three types: predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating. Additionally, cognitive processes related to sleep quality tend to be predominated by sleep thinking or insomnia thinking. Multiple medical organizations promote Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia as a best practice for clinical management of sleep problems and disorders. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia consists of five components aimed at addressing both the behavioral and cognitive impediments to high quality sleep. These components are sleep hygiene, relaxation, sleep restriction, stimulus control, and cognitive therapy. This paper will address each component, as well as provide a patient education pattern well suited for primary care settings.
Not Quite on the Same Page: Comparing Key Terms in Introductory Psychology Textbooks
Authors: Slade Joseph J. , Gurung Regan A. R.
Published: July 2022

Background

Textbooks shape the content and structure of most introductory psychology courses. It is important to compare the content of textbooks to assist educators in making the best textbook choice.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to conduct an analysis of five commonly used introductory psychology textbooks and examine the extent of overlap in their content coverage.

Method

Two trained readers identified 3878 key terms after performing a page-by-page content analysis. Commonality among texts was assessed by determining how many textbooks included each term.

Results

Coverage of psychology topics differed significantly across textbooks with 2766 terms (71%) unique to a single textbook. There were 494 terms (13%), 263 terms (7%), and 201 terms (5%) appearing in two, three, and four books, respectively. Only 154 terms (4%) were common to all five.

Conclusion

Given our results and how reliant course instructors are on textbooks, it appears introductory psychology students may not be exposed to similar vocabulary.

Teaching Implications

Introductory psychology textbooks may be similar at a chapter and topic level but do not share as much specific content as may be commonly believed. Instructors should take the time to check if the content matches course goals and expectations.
Coblation-assisted transoral supraglottic laryngectomy
Authors: Zhao Jing , Li Jinrang
Published: July 2022

Background

Transoral supraglottic laryngectomy (TSL) has been widely applied in the treatment of supraglottic cancers. The aim of this study is to evaluate a simplified technique for excising properly selected supraglottic tumors with a transoral coblation-assisted system.

Methods

Eight patients with T1-3N2M0 supraglottic cancer were treated with TSL with the coblation-assisted system.

Results

Tumors in all patients were en bloc resected with negative surgical margins and the selective neck dissection was also performed. The mean operation time for TSL was 39 minutes (25–65 minutes). The average time for the removal of the nasogastric tube was 8.6 days (1–28 days). All patients were extubated and shifted to the ward after operation. None of the patients required tracheotomy.

Conclusion

Coblation-assisted TSL is a relatively simple, easy approach with low risk. It could be a feasible and safe procedure for patients with properly selected supraglottic cancer.
Getting Outdoors After the Workday: The Affective and Cognitive Effects of Evening Nature Contact
Authors: Klotz Anthony C. , McClean Shawn T. , Yim Junhyok , Koopman Joel , Tang Pok Man
Published: July 2022

A growing body of research indicates that contact with nature at work has beneficial effects on employee well-being. However, employees often spend most of their workdays indoors, largely separate from natural elements. For these employees, the bulk of their contact with nature occurs outside of work, after the workday. The extent to which this contact with nature during nonwork time helps employees recover from the workday and affects them at work the next day, if at all, is not clear, leaving an incomplete picture of the potential for employees to access the work-related benefits of nature in their personal time. In this paper, we draw from stress recovery theory and attention restoration theory to examine the effects of evening nature contact on work effort the following day via two paths: increased positive affect and reduced depletion. Our results, based on three studies employing different methodologies (i.e., an experience sampling study, an experiment, and a recall study), indicate that evening nature contact positively relates to beginning of workday positive affect and subsequent work effort. However, this effect emerged only for employees with high levels of nature connectedness—an individual difference reflecting individuals’ innate connection to the natural world. Concerning the depletion-based link between evening nature contact and employee effort at work the next day, our results offered only limited support for this path. These findings extend our understanding of the effects of contact with nature on employees, particularly across work and home boundaries.
From Activism to Organizing, From Caring to Care Work
Authors: Kahn Seth , Lynch-Biniek Amy
Published: July 2022

U.S. higher ed exploits precarity (the intersection of racism, misogyny, ableism, heteronormativity, classism, and job status) to position campus equity work as both essential and dangerous, inclusive and individual. Often left to the faculty who are already most threatened and “activists” who join out of “passion,” successes happen, laudably given the hegemonic regimes that call for the work and then threaten people who do it. Recasting equity efforts as care-work, that is, fundamental aspects of our labor as faculty, and recasting activism as organizing clarifies the labor of solidarity-building. Winning this argument helps constitute equity work as both a professional practice (i.e., mutually supported) and a mutual professional responsibility.
Plastic Waste Mitigation Strategies: A Review of Lessons from Developing Countries
Authors: Hira Anil , Pacini Henrique , Attafuah-Wadee Kweku , Vivas-Eugui David , Saltzberg Michael , Yeoh Tze Ni
Published: July 2022

Global plastics waste is an issue of ever-increasing urgency. Estimates suggest some 79% of plastic waste is dumped into the environment, where it is likely to have devastating effects on ecosystems and human health. Marine plastic pollution is a particularly challenging issue, as plastics take decades to break down, and do so into micro- and nanoparticles that affect marine ecosystems and the food web. The plastics pollution problem is magnified in the Global South, where rising production and consumption coexist with underdeveloped waste treatment systems and large volumes of imported plastic waste.

This article examines the reasons for the failure to curb plastic waste in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA), target regions of the Sustainable Manufacturing and Environmental Pollution (SMEP) program funded to address such issues. The article examines the challenges in shifting manufacturing processes and natural materials substitution for reducing plastics waste. It recommends greater external financial and technical support for waste treatment, stakeholder consensus and awareness-building, regulatory policies that reduce the price and convenience differentials between plastics and substitute materials, and a push towards enforcement of environmental regulations.
Progressive Social Movements and the Creation of European Public Spheres
Authors: Della Porta Donatella
Published: July 2022

While the normative debate on European integration has addressed the importance of the construction of truly democratic institutions as well as the establishment of social rights at EU level, the role of progressive social movements has not been much debated. Building upon theorization and research in social movement studies, I argue that progressive social movements are indeed already contributing to the construction of European public spheres. Not one liberal (or bourgeois), public sphere but the proliferation of subaltern counterpublics could allow for the participation of the excluded, giving them the possibility to make their political voice heard. Through different paths of Europeanization (in particular, domestication, externalization and transnationalization), progressive social movements have played an important role in the creation of a critical public sphere as, by contesting European institutions, they have contributed to make them (more) accountable, but have also developed collective identities at EU level and, with them, European public spheres. A main challenge is now to connect an emancipatory critical public to public institutions.
Postures Toward Postcolonial Peace: Repentance, Forgiveness, and Lament
Authors: Tizon Al
Published: July 2022

Each party in any given conflict has a role to play in the process of reconciliation. However, these respective roles are different depending on the power differential within the conflict. The role of the gospel peacemaker is to be aware of the power differential and to call each party to do their part toward reconciliation with one another. For those who have abused their power for self-gain at the expense of others need to repent. For those who have been victimized by this power abuse need to forgive. And both abuser and abused need to lament.
ICT-enabled agricultural extension: How to promote and sustain?
Authors: Alam Md Mahbubul , Shaba Sharjana Akter
Published: July 2022

Governments in developing countries have invested in and digitalized various citizen services to obtain significant economic and societal benefits. However, academic and practice literature documented that the success rate of ICT-led development projects has been less than satisfactory. Therefore, this study aimed to find the priority areas where ICTs-based agricultural projects could be successful and propose measurable indicators to consider while designing and developing such initiatives. This study adopted a qualitative research methodology and interviewed eleven (11) top-ranked professionals from ten (10) organizations involved in carrying out several ICT-based projects in agriculture. Responses were analyzed qualitatively using ‘Thematic Analysis’. The analysis revealed a total of forty codes and nine thematic areas (e.g. creating agricultural knowledge hub, providing extension services, developing farmers’ database, initiating capacity building programs, developing Decision Support Systems (DSS) for different segments, developing farming alert systems, agricultural market information system, ICT-based community building, and formulating ICT strategies for agriculture) and proposed five (5) sets of measuring indicators (e.g. economic, quality of life, community development, service quality, technology acceptance) that would be useful in designing and measuring the success of ICT interventions. The findings of this study might help policymakers and Information Systems (IS) developers to identify priority areas for ICT-led interventions along with its success indicators. This study provides further evidence of the importance of considering economic and non-economic drivers of ICT adoption for development. It conveys important insights concerning the success dimensions of ICT-based agricultural projects certainly critical for resource management and livelihoods improvement.
Determinants of survival in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy due to severe covid-19
Authors: Natanov Ruslan , Kunkel Elena R. , Wiesner Olaf , Haverich Axel , Wiegmann Bettina , Rümke Stefan , Kühn Christian
Published: July 2022

Background

Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality. Although survival on mechanical circulatory support has improved, determinants for better prognosis are still unclear. Here, we report on the outcome of our patient population with the need for mechanical circulatory support due to severe COVID-19 (sCOVID-19) induced ARDS.

Methods

All patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe ARDS due to sCOVID-19 were analysed. Patients > 18 years of age at the time of initiation of ECMO were included. Pre-existing comorbidities, complications during ECMO implantation, and ECMO runtime were reviewed. The latency to intubation, proning, tracheotomy, and ECMO implantation was analysed. Furthermore, the survival and non-survival population were compared to determine factors in favour of a better outcome.

Results

In total, 85 patients were treated with veno-venous membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) for severe ARDS in our medical centre. The patient population was predominantly male (83.5%) with a mean patient age of 54.9 years. A history of cardiovascular disease ( p = .01), smoking ( p < .05), need for vasopressor- ( p < .05), and renal replacement therapy ( p < .001) was associated with a worse prognosis. Overall survival was 50%. The survival population was significantly younger ( p = .004), had a significantly higher body weight ( p = .02) and body mass index (BMI) ( p = .01). Furthermore, survival was significantly better when vv-ECMO was initiated within 48 h after admission ( p < .001).

Conclusions

Pre-existing cardiovascular disease, higher age, history of nicotine abuse, and development of renal failure are associated with poor outcome. Early start of vv-ECMO therapy may lead to better survival in sCOVID-19 patients, although complications during ECMO therapy are associated with a worse prognosis.
Regulation of data-driven market power in the digital economy: Business value creation and competitive advantages from big data
Authors: Fast Victoria , Schnurr Daniel , Wohlfarth Michael
Published: July 2022

Recent high-profile antitrust cases and policy proposals have put a spotlight on the relationship between firms’ access to big data and sustained competitive advantages in digital markets. In Europe, concerns about data-driven market power have led policymakers to propose far-reaching regulations of information technology (IT) in these markets. Despite the global policy relevance, the regulation of big data and its competitive effects has so far received little attention in information systems (IS) research. This article addresses this research gap by developing an overarching framework for future IS research on the role of IT for the regulation of data-driven market power. The proposed research framework builds upon a three-part analysis: First, we review the academic literature and show that there is extensive, although nuanced, empirical evidence for business value creation from big (user) data. Second, we draw on the resource-based view of the firm and recent policy reports to derive six facilitating factors that enable firms to establish market power based on sustained data-driven competitive advantages. Third, we characterize three regulatory approaches to govern market power and competition in data-driven digital markets: (i) empowering consumers, (ii) data openness, and (iii) limiting data scale. For each of these approaches, we highlight the key role of IT artifacts in mediating the effect of regulatory rules on actual practice.
To regulate or not to regulate: unravelling institutional tussles around the regulation of algorithmic control of digital platforms
Authors: Kokshagina Olga , Reinecke Pauline C , Karanasios Stan
Published: July 2022

Regulating how digital platforms use algorithms to determine and control content displayed to their users is both a controversial topic and an important societal challenge. Existing research acknowledges institutional tussles around regulating how digital platforms use algorithms to determine and control content. However, we lack research showing how the development of regulation unfolds. We build on data from a longitudinal discourse analysis of 410 media articles and 483 policy and industry documents to study two cases of algorithmic control regulation in Australia. The first involves algorithmic control for content display, the second for content moderation. We develop a process model of institutional work towards regulation of algorithmic control. It captures the institutional tussles between governments, digital platforms and third parties as each expresses their perspective on legitimate forms of algorithmic control and shapes the process and outcome of regulation. Building on our model, we discuss the dynamics of regulation development in light of the constellation of actors and their power position in the process. We further consider the regulatory outcome and highlight future research questions that build on our findings.
Effectiveness of custom-made functional foot orthoses versus flat cushioning insoles on pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Palomo-Toucedo Inmaculada C , Domínguez-Maldonado Gabriel , Reina-Bueno María , Vázquez-Bautista María del Carmen , Castillo-López José Manuel , Ramos-Ortega Javier , Munuera-Martínez Pedro V
Published: July 2022

Objective

To determine the effect of foot orthoses on pain, disability and foot functionality in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Design

Randomized clinical trial.

Setting

University Podiatric Clinical Area.

Subjects

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Interventions

Patients were randomly assigned to either group A, which received custom-made functional foot orthoses, or group B, which received flat cushioning insoles, for three months.

Main measures

The primary outcome was foot pain, measured by 11-point numeric pain rating scale. Foot functionality and foot-related disability were evaluated using the foot function index, the Manchester foot pain and disability, at the beginning and at days 90.

Results

Sixty-six participants (age 47.3 ± 11.9 years) suffering from foot pain, received either the custom-made foot orthoses ( N = 33) or the flat cushioning insoles ( N = 33). For the analysis of the data, only participants who had finished the follow-up period (90 days) were included. None statistically significant difference between groups were found. In group A, all variables showed statistically significant differences when comparing the initial and final measurements. Pain showed 6.8 ± 1.6 and 4.2 ± 2.9 in group A, at baseline and at 90 days, respectively, group B showed 6.5 ± 1.5 and 4.7 ± 3.0 at baseline and at 90 days, respectively.

Conclusion

Both groups showed a reduction in foot pain. This study suggests that not only controlling the foot function, but providing cushioning to the foot, may have positive effects to manage foot pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
High-resolution 3D demonstration of regional heterogeneity in the glymphatic system
Authors: He Xu-Zhong , Li Xin , Li Zhen-Hua , Meng Jing-Cai , Mao Rui-Ting , Zhang Xue-Ke , Zhang Rong-Ting , Huang Huai-Liang , Gui Qian , Xu Guang-Yin , Wang Lin-Hui
Published: July 2022

Accumulating evidence indicates that the glymphatic system has a critical role in maintaining brain homeostasis. However, the detailed anatomy of the glymphatic pathway is not well understood, mostly due to a lack of high spatial resolution 3D visualization. In this study, a fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) was used to characterize the glymphatic architecture in the mouse brain. At 30 and 120 min after intracisternal infusion with fluorescent dextran (Dex-3), lectin was injected to stain the cerebral vasculature. Using fMOST, a high-resolution 3D dataset of the brain-wide distribution of Dex-3 was acquired. Combined with fluorescence microscopy and microplate array, the heterogeneous glymphatic flow and the preferential irrigated regions were identified. These cerebral regions containing large-caliber penetrating arteries and/or adjacent to the subarachnoid space had more robust CSF flow compared to other regions. Moreover, the major glymphatic vessels for CSF influx and fluid efflux in the entire brain were shown in 3D. This study demonstrates the regional heterogeneity in the glymphatic system and provides an anatomical resource for further investigation of the glymphatic function.
Influenza A virus infection and pathology in nasal and periocular tissues after ocular inoculation in ferrets
Authors: Gary Joy M. , Ritter Jana M. , Sun Xiangjie , Maines Taronna R. , Belser Jessica A.
Published: July 2022

Influenza A viruses (IAV) cause mammalian infections following several transmission routes. Considering the anatomic proximity and connection between the nasopharynx and periocular tissues, there is a need to understand the dynamics of virus spread between these sites following both respiratory and nonrespiratory viral transmission. We examined virus distribution and associated inflammation within nasal and periocular tissues during the acute phase of H1N1 IAV infection in ferrets following intranasal or ocular inoculation. Ocular and intranasal inoculations with IAV caused comparable viral antigen distribution and inflammation in the nasal passages, though infection kinetics and magnitude differed by inoculation route. Ocular inoculation was associated with inflammation in the conjunctiva and lacrimal glands. Although intranasal inoculation was also associated with periocular inflammation, the onset was delayed relative to ocular inoculation. This work underscores the importance of investigating extrapulmonary tissues following mammalian infection with respiratory pathogens, even after intranasal inoculation.
Community-driven care of Lanna palm-leaf manuscripts
Authors: Jarusawat Piyapat , Cox Andrew M
Published: July 2022

Palm-leaf manuscripts are an important part of the heritage of the Lanna culture of northern Thailand. The purpose of this article is to explore the practices and attitudes towards managing palm-leaf manuscripts in three communities in northern Thailand with a view to developing a community-centric understanding of sustainable care for palm-leaf manuscripts. The study was based on interviews, which were analysed thematically. It was found that Buddhist beliefs in earning merit and the cultural value of palm-leaf manuscripts underlie community involvement. Leadership was also important, although models of leadership were different in each case. External organizations such as universities play a key role in cataloguing, preserving and using palm-leaf manuscripts. Digitization, although central to the value to external organizations, does not really promote community access. Reflecting on the drivers and challenges in the three villages, a model of community-driven care for palm-leaf manuscripts is proposed.
Alliance Thérapeutique Entre Les Patients Hospitalisés En Psychiatrie De Secteur Et Les Infirmier(e)s Et Aide-Soignant(e)s: Une Etude Prospective, Observationnelle Et Transversale
Authors: Morvillers Jean-Manuel , Roy Carine , Laouénan Cédric , Goutté Nathalie
Published: July 2022

Contexte

L’alliance thérapeutique représente un objet très peu étudié quand il concerne les infirmiers et les soins prodigués par une équipe infirmière et dans le cadre de l’hospitalisation en soins aigus.

Objectif

L’objectif était d’étudier l’influence de facteurs sur l’alliance thérapeutique construite entre les infirmier(e)s et les aides-soignant(e)s et les patients adultes hospitalisés dans un service de soins aigus en psychiatrie générale de secteur.

Méthode

Il s’agit d’une étude prospective, observationnelle et transversale utilisant une échelle de mesure de l’alliance thérapeutique. Le score d’alliance thérapeutique (AT) a été mesuré à l’aide de l’échelle STAR-P sur un échantillon de 240 patients.

Résultats

Le score moyen obtenu est de 33,4 (±7,8) sur un score maximum théorique de 48. Le score global d’AT des patients âgés de 60 ans ou plus, est significativement plus élevé que celui des patients ayant entre 18 et 29 ans ( p = 0,021). L’absence de suivi ambulatoire au cours des trois mois suivant la sortie d’hospitalisation n’est pas associée au score global d’AT ( p = 0,73). Si les patients hospitalisés, quelques soit leurs troubles et les différentes formes de soins, sous obligation légale ou non, jugent plutôt bonne l’AT à l’issue de leur hospitalisation. Seuls des facteurs sociaux-démographiques comme, l’âge, les conditions d’hébergement (précaire ou durable), avoir ou non un emploi, vivre seul ou avec un partenaire influent sur l’AT et le suivi.

Conclusion

Les résultats convoquent les concepts d’anomie et d’attachement, qui semblent jouer un rôle important dans l’absence de suivi post-hospitalisation, ce qui indiquent la nécessaire approche globale des soins et une implication des professionnels de santé mais aussi du social où l’empathie doit trouver sa place.
The Emotional Toll of the COVID-19 Crisis on Local Government Workers
Authors: Barboza-Wilkes Cynthia , Gonzalez Esther , Resh William , Wong Stephanie
Published: July 2022

Despite the emotional intensity that accompanies crises, rarely is emotional labor explicitly discussed as a required aspect of crisis response work. We explore the emotional toll of COVID-19 crisis on local government employees. We introduce a dynamic mixed-methods approach to the study of emotional labor during times of crisis and highlight the utility of diary research designs in public human resource management scholarship. By combining waves of survey data, semi-structured interviews, and daily diary prompts, we provide evidence of how changes in workload, exogenously imposed fears, and emotional spillover blur the work-home boundaries of local government officials during the pandemic. We also show how isolation from peers and the public can lead to conflict and search for social support from both external and internal sources. We highlight how the application of the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory gives insight to the burnout and disengagement faced by local government employees during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order.
Vaping and Sleep as Predictors of Adolescent Suicidality
Authors: Welty Cody W. , Gerald Lynn B. , Nair Uma S. , Haynes Patricia L.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

To investigate sleep quantity as a moderator of vaping and self-reported suicidality among adolescents.

Design

Cross-sectional. Setting: United States high schools.

Sample

10,520 high-school students with complete data on the primary outcome of suicide attempt in the past year (76.9% response rate).

Measures

2019 Youth Risk Behaviors Survey.

Analysis

Logistic regression to examine main effects and potential moderation.

Results

Students with under seven sleep hours on school nights (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 2.1-3.3) and who vaped in the past month (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 2.1-3.9) had higher odds of attempting suicide in the last year. Sleep quantity moderated the relationship between vaping and suicidal thoughts in the past year (P = .01) but did not moderate the relationship between vaping and a suicide plan ( P = .15) or suicide attempts ( P = .06). Specifically, vaping had a smaller effect on suicidal thoughts among students who slept under seven hours on school nights (OR = 1.8) compared to the descriptively larger effect among participants with more sleep (OR = 2.5).

Conclusions

Students who vape or report low sleep quantity would be ideal participants in suicide prevention interventions as they may be at higher risk for suicidality. Organizations implementing sleep or vaping interventions should incorporate information regarding the higher odds of suicide among students with low sleep quantity or vaping habits.