bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Improved Simulated Annealing Technique for Enhanced Mobility in Smart Cities
Authors: Amer Hayder , Salman Naveed , Hawes Matthew , Chaqfeh Moumena , Mihaylova Lyudmila , Mayfield Martin
Published: June 2016

Vehicular traffic congestion is a significant problem that arises in many cities. This is due to the increasing number of vehicles that are driving on city roads of limited capacity. The vehicular congestion significantly impacts travel distance, travel time, fuel consumption and air pollution. Avoidance of traffic congestion and providing drivers with optimal paths are not trivial tasks. The key contribution of this work consists of the developed approach for dynamic calculation of optimal traffic routes. Two attributes (the average travel speed of the traffic and the roads’ length) are utilized by the proposed method to find the optimal paths. The average travel speed values can be obtained from the sensors deployed in smart cities and communicated to vehicles via the Internet of Vehicles and roadside communication units. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared to three other algorithms: the simulated annealing weighted sum, the simulated annealing technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution and the Dijkstra algorithm. The weighted sum and technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution methods are used to formulate different attributes in the simulated annealing cost function. According to the Sheffield scenario, simulation results show that the improved simulated annealing technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution method improves the traffic performance in the presence of congestion by an overall average of 19.22% in terms of travel time, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions as compared to other algorithms; also, similar performance patterns were achieved for the Birmingham test scenario.
Joint Parameter Estimation for the Two-Wave with Diffuse Power Fading Model
Authors: Lopez-Fernandez Jesus , Moreno-Pozas Laureano , Lopez-Martinez Francisco , Martos-Naya Eduardo
Published: June 2016

Wireless sensor networks deployed within metallic cavities are known to suffer from a very severe fading, even in strong line-of-sight propagation conditions. This behavior is well-captured by the Two-Wave with Diffuse Power (TWDP) fading distribution, which shows great fit to field measurements in such scenarios. In this paper, we address the joint estimation of the parameters K and Δ that characterize the TWDP fading model, based on the observation of the received signal envelope. We use a moment-based approach to derive closed-form expressions for the estimators of K and Δ, as well as closed-form expressions for their asymptotic variance. Results show that the estimation error is close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound for a wide range of values of the parameters K and Δ. The performance degradation due to a finite number of observations is also analyzed.
LED Lighting for Indoor Sports Facilities: Can Its Use Be Considered as Sustainable Solution from a Techno-Economic Standpoint?
Authors: Fantozzi Fabio , Leccese Francesco , Salvadori Giacomo , Rocca Michele , Garofalo Marco
Published: June 2016

In this paper, the authors propose a techno-economic comparative analysis between different lighting solutions, using, respectively, floodlight with metal halide lamps, luminaires with fluorescent lamps and LED floodlights. The comparison is aimed to identify general criteria for assessing the techno-economic sustainability of the use of LED lighting for indoor sports facilities, since this solution is very often proposed to achieve a reduction of the electrical power for lighting. From a technical standpoint, the analysis takes into particular consideration the aspects related to the satisfaction of lighting requirements, safety and energy efficiency. From an economic standpoint the investment, the operating and the maintenance costs are evaluated. To make comparisons on an economic basis, specific indicators are used. From the obtained results it is possible to highlight as the solution that uses the LED floodlights is characterized by highest energy efficiency. This solution requires a smaller number of luminaires and it has limited maintenance costs compared to the other solutions, but it has high investment costs, which involve reasonable payback times only when the sports facility is used intensively and for competitions of high level.
Intermittent Domestic Water Supply: A Critical Review and Analysis of Causal-Consequential Pathways
Authors: Galaitsi S. , Russell Robert , Bishara Amahl , Durant John , Bogle Jennifer , Huber-Lee Annette
Published: June 2016

Communities in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, face obstacles in supplying continuous water to household consumers. Authorities often cite water scarcity as the cause, but we demonstrate that environmental constraints constitute only one aspect of a multi-dimensional problem. By asking what causes intermittent domestic water supply, this literature review (129 articles) identifies 47 conditions of intermittent systems and the causal-consequential pathways between them that can reinforce intermittency. These pathways span several disciplines including engineering, government administration and anthropology, and when viewed together they (1) emphasize the human drivers of intermittency; (2) suggest generalized interventions; and (3) reveal a gap in the literature in terms of meaningful categorizations of the reliability of intermittent supplies. Based on the reliability of consumers’ water access, we propose three categories of intermittency—predictable, irregular, and unreliable—to facilitate comparisons between case studies and transfers of solutions.
Application of Cu(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition for the design and synthesis of sequence specific probes targeting double-stranded DNA
Authors: Vasilyeva Svetlana V , Filichev Vyacheslav V , Boutorine Alexandre S
Published: June 2016

Efficient protocols based on Cu(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition were developed for the synthesis of conjugates of pyrrole–imidazole polyamide minor groove binders (MGB) with fluorophores and with triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs). Diverse bifunctional linkers were synthesized and used for the insertion of terminal azides or alkynes into TFOs and MGBs. The formation of stable triple helices by TFO-MGB conjugates was evaluated by gel-shift experiments. The presence of MGB in these conjugates did not affect the binding parameters (affinity and triplex stability) of the parent TFOs.
AN ENHANCED RATE OF TIDAL DISRUPTIONS IN THE CENTRALLY OVERDENSE E+A GALAXY NGC 3156
Authors: Stone Nicholas C. , Velzen Sjoert van
Published: June 2016

Time domain optical surveys have discovered roughly a dozen candidate stellar tidal disruption flares in the last five years, and future surveys like the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will likely find hundreds to thousands more. These tidal disruption events (TDEs) present an interesting puzzle: a majority of the current TDE sample is hosted by rare post-starburst galaxies, and tens of percents of the galaxies are hosted in even rarer E+A galaxies, which make up

of all galaxies in the local universe. E+As are therefore overrepresented among TDE hosts by 1–2 orders of magnitude, a discrepancy unlikely to be accounted for by selection effects. We analyze Hubble Space Telescope photometry of one of the nearest E+A galaxies, NGC 3156, to estimate the rate of stellar tidal disruption produced as two-body relaxation diffuses stars onto orbits in the loss cone of the central supermassive black hole. The rate of TDEs produced by two-body relaxation in NGC 3156 is large when compared to other galaxies with similar black hole mass:

. This suggests that the preference of TDEs for E+A hosts may be due to central stellar overdensities produced in recent starbursts.
PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN THE HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT OF CARINA
Authors: Mesa-Delgado A. , Zapata L. , Henney W. J. , Puzia T. H. , Tsamis Y. G.
Published: June 2016

We report the first direct imaging of protoplanetary disks in the star-forming region of Carina, the most distant massive cluster in which disks have been imaged. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA), the disks are observed around two young stellar objects (YSOs) that are embedded inside evaporating gaseous globules and exhibit jet activity. The disks have an average radius of 60 au and total masses of 30 and 50

. Given the measured masses, the minimum timescale required for planet formation (∼1–2 Myr) and the average age of the Carina population (∼1–4 Myr), it is plausible that young planets are present or their formation is currently ongoing in these disks. The non-detection of millimeter emission above the 4σ threshold (

) in the core of the massive cluster Trumpler 14, an area containing previously identified proplyd candidates, suggests evidence for rapid photo-evaporative disk destruction in the cluster’s harsh radiation field. This would prevent the formation of giant gas planets in disks located in the cores of Carina’s dense subclusters, whereas the majority of YSO disks in the wider Carina region remain unaffected by external photoevaporation.
ACR/EULAR Definitions of Remission Are Associated with Lower Residual Inflammatory Activity Compared with DAS28 Remission on Hand MRI in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lisbona Maria Pilar , Solano Albert , Ares Jesús , Almirall Miriam , Salman-Monte Tarek Carlos , Maymó Joan
Published: July 2016

Objective.

To determine the level of residual inflammation [synovitis, bone marrow edema (BME), tenosynovitis, and total inflammation] quantified by hand magnetic resonance imaging (h-MRI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in remission according to 3 different definitions of clinical remission, and to compare these remission definitions.

Methods.

A cross-sectional study. To assess the level of residual MRI inflammation in remission, cutoff levels associated to remission and median scores of MRI residual inflammatory lesions were calculated. Data from an MRI register of patients with RA who have various levels of disease activity were used. These were used for the analyses: synovitis, BME according to the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring system, tenosynovitis, total inflammation, and disease activity composite measures recorded at the time of MRI. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was used to identify the best cutoffs associated with remission for each inflammatory lesion on h-MRI. Median values of each inflammatory lesion for each definition of remission were also calculated.

Results.

A total of 388 h-MRI sets of patients with RA with different levels of disease activity, 130 in remission, were included. Cutoff values associated with remission according to the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) ≤ 3.3 and the Boolean American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) definitions for BME and tenosynovitis (1 and 3, respectively) were lower than BME and tenosynovitis (2 and 5, respectively) for the Disease Activity Score on 28 joints (DAS28) ≤ 2.6. Median scores for synovitis, BME, and total inflammation were also lower for the SDAI and Boolean ACR/EULAR remission criteria compared with DAS28.

Conclusion.

Patients with RA in remission according to the SDAI and Boolean ACR/EULAR definitions showed lower levels of MRI-detected residual inflammation compared with DAS28.
L’apparence du religieux
Authors: Da Lage Olivier
Published: June 2016

Du point de vue de l’Arabie saoudite, l’Iran a entrepris d’étendre son influence par l’intermédiaire de mouvements chiites dans son voisinage immédiat : au Yémen, au Bahreïn, en Irak, en Syrie ou au Liban. Face à la complaisance supposée des Etats-Unis à l’égard de la République islamique, le royaume saoudien a pris la tête d’une coalition militaire de pays sunnites pour intervenir au Yémen contre les Houthis, que soutient Téhéran tout en appuyant en Syrie la rébellion jihadiste contre le régime de Bachar al-Assad. L’exécution en janvier 2016 du cheikh Nimr al Nimr, un religieux influent au sein de la minorité chiite du royaume accusé de subversion, a suscité des réactions hostiles à l’Arabie en Iran, provoquant quelques jours plus tard la rupture des relations entre Riyad et Téhéran. Cet affrontement entre l’Iran chiite et l’Arabie saoudite sunnite contraint les pays de la région à choisir leur camp et à s’aligner, mais leur rivalité est en réalité davantage de nature géopolitique que religieuse.
L’Arabie saoudite dans le contexte du retour en grâce de l’Iran
Authors: Dazi-Héni Fatiha
Published: June 2016

Riyad considère que la politique d’influence de l’Iran au Moyen-Orient est à l’origine de la déstabilisation et de la menace régionale car elle a vocation à promouvoir son projet hégémonique sur le monde arabe en jouant sur divers registres de son identité selon les contextes : perse, chiite ou même révolutionnaire. Nous verrons comment ce narratif est utilisé par le régime Al Saoud pour mobiliser son opinion et justifier sa politique interventionniste dont la vocation est d’affirmer l’identité arabo-sunnite du royaume comme la dynamique de référence au Moyen-Orient, par opposition à l’Iran chiite. Cependant, les raisons profondes de ce tournant diplomatique sont également largement inspirées par les craintes et les effets de domino que font peser les révoltes arabes de 2011 sur le royaume et plus largement la péninsule arabique.
Un modèle multi-agent du marché du travail français, outil d’évaluation des politiques de l’emploi : l’exemple du contrat de génération
Authors: Ballot Gérard , Kant Jean-Daniel , Goudet Olivier
Published: June 2016

Cet article présente un modèle multi-agent du marché du travail français et l’utilise pour une simulation ex ante des effets du contrat de génération. Le modèle simule les décisions et les interactions des individus et des entreprises (10 000 agents dans nos simulations), dans le cadre d’un environnement économique et juridique spécifié. Les décisions consistent pour les entreprises à créer ou supprimer des emplois de type CDD et CDI, ainsi qu’à embaucher, promouvoir et licencier leurs salariés. Les individus candidatent aux emplois et peuvent démissionner. Les interactions engendrent les flux bruts entre les états de salarié, chômeur et inactif, formant une comptabilité stock-flux complète. Un algorithme de calibrage permet de reproduire les principales caractéristiques du marché du travail français en 2011, fortement structuré par la coexistence des CDI et des CDD. Tel que simulé par le modèle, le contrat de génération a bien diminué le chômage des jeunes, mais cet effet est modeste en raison d’effets d’aubaine très importants ainsi que d’effets d’éviction modérés. Les trajectoires simulées des jeunes qui ont bénéficié du contrat de génération montrent un effet positif sur leur taux d’emploi à long terme. Des variantes montrent qu’il n’est pas aisé d’améliorer le dispositif.
Réformes économiques et pauvreté monétaire en outre-mer : les apports d’un modèle EGC microsimulé
Authors: Mathouraparsad Sébastien
Published: June 2016

Les départements d’outre-mer bénéficient de tout un ensemble de dispositifs fiscaux et budgétaires spécifiques ayant pour but de favoriser leur développement. Nous nous proposons d’évaluer les impacts de la réforme de quelques-uns d’entre eux en combinant un modèle d’équilibre général calculable et un module de microsimulation, ce qui permet de prendre en compte les effets rétroactifs des comportements des ménages et leur hétérogénéité. Le modèle est appliqué au cas de la Guadeloupe à l’aide d’une matrice de comptabilité sociale de 2005 et d’une enquête Budget des familles effectuée pour l’année 2006. Nous montrons que les deux politiques de réforme considérées (suppression des majorations de salaire des fonctionnaires et suppression du différentiel de taxation de l’octroi de mer) peuvent avoir des impacts macroéconomiques négatifs. Mais la politique peut s’avérer favorable aux plus pauvres si l’effet prix est plus avantageux que l’effet revenu. Ou réciproquement, elle peut s’avérer favorable aux plus aisés si l’effet revenu l’emporte sur l’effet prix.
Les logiques professionnelles et politiques du contrôle
Authors: de Maillard Jacques , Hunold Daniela , Roché Sébastian , Oberwittler Dietrich , Zagrodzki Mathieu
Published: July 2016

À partir d’une combinaison d’observations directes, entretiens et questionnaire auprès du public, cet article propose de comparer les décisions de contrôle des policiers français et allemands, en rapportant ces pratiques à des styles d’action policière. Si les objectifs sont similaires (lutte contre la criminalité, affirmation de l’autorité, collecte d’information), les modalités diffèrent. Les policiers français contrôlent plus souvent que leurs collègues allemands. Les minorités visibles constituent une cible bien plus récurrente des initiatives policières de contrôle en France qu’en Allemagne. Les logiques d’action qui sous-tendent ces pratiques reposent sur la formation, l’ ethos professionnel (plus ou moins tournée vers le citoyen), la politique policière nationale (et de la définition de la performance) et l’organisation policière locale.
Propos introductifs
Authors: Eeckhoudt Marjorie
Published: July 2016

À la suite de la dernière crise économique globale, les législateurs français et européen ont été contraints de repenser un droit qui n’était plus adapté aux grandes entreprises de la finance. Dans ce contexte de lutte contre la délinquance financière, la législation européenne des agences de notation illustre le retour à la réglementation et la fin de l’autorégulation. Elle s’inspire de la législation américaine et vise à dépasser les nombreux obstacles propres aux grandes entreprises liés à la taille, la complexité organisationnelle ou encore la multiplication des services proposés. Aux États-Unis, le législateur tente de juguler ces obstacles en imposant aux grandes entreprises un système de compliance visant à adopter des règles de conformité, puis à collaborer avec la justice pénale en cas d’infraction. Ainsi, sous la pression des décisions américaines, les grandes entreprises françaises et européennes sont contraintes d’adopter des codes de bonne conduite. Se dessine progressivement un droit global inspiré des États-Unis exportant les règles de gouvernance d’entreprise et dont on peut interroger l’efficacité.
Gouvernance et conflits d’intérêts dans les agences de notation financière
Authors: Krall Markus
Published: July 2016

Les agences de notation ont joué le rôle d’un catalyseur lors de la crise financière en contribuant à l’inflation de la bulle hypothécaire ; c’est pourquoi, depuis la crise de 2007, le législateur européen a tenté de réguler les agences de notation, mais s’est-il attaqué avec succès aux problèmes de gouvernance et aux conflits d’intérêts ? Les conflits d’intérêts ont-ils été réduits par la réglementation prudentielle ou par la concurrence ? Nous démontrerons que la nouvelle réglementation a largement échoué, voire empiré la situation oligopolistique, en ajoutant de nouvelles barrières à l’entrée. Par ailleurs, les seuils de participations croisées mis en place pour éviter les conflits d’intérêts ont été choisis de façon à n’avoir strictement aucun impact. Ainsi peut-on regretter que la réglementation n’ait pas modifié le modèle de paiement des agences, car d’autres modèles sont possibles. Des solutions contraignantes peuvent être suggérées afin d’éviter les conflits d’intérêts et renforcer la responsabilité juridique des agences.
L’abandon de l’évaluation annuelle de performance : mode passagère ou approche novatrice ?
Authors: Doucet Olivier
Published: June 2016

Quelques cas d’entreprises ayant complètement repensé, voire aboli leurs évaluations annuelles de performance des employés ont fait la manchette au cours des dernières années. Bien que cette avenue puisse avoir plusieurs effets positifs pour les employés et les entreprises qui l’adoptent, elle n’est pas nécessairement à privilégier dans toutes les organisations. L’abandon de l’évaluation annuelle de rendement peut se faire dans certains contextes particuliers mais requiert au préalable une réflexion minutieuse, sans quoi elle risque de causer bien des torts.
La structuration différente de son travail pour mieux décider
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: June 2016

Chaque jour, il nous faut décider de petites choses (courrier ou courriel ?) ou faire de grands choix (accepter ou refuser ce mandat ?). Plus la situation est complexe, l’environnement incertain ou l’enjeu élevé, et plus les erreurs de jugement sont susceptibles de survenir. Bonne nouvelle : mieux structurer son travail favoriserait les bons choix. Observations et conseils de John Beshears et Francesca Gino, auteurs de l’article « Leaders : devenez des architectes décisionnels » dans l’édition avril-mai 2016 de la Harvard Business Review.
The CEO as an Investor: The Capital Allocation Officer
Authors: Marco Izquierdo José Antonio
Published: June 2016

A CEO may have never tackled a capital allocation job in previous jobs, while now, on his top position, he is responsible for the capital deployment of 50% of the firm market cap over a 3 to 5 year period. CEOs' experiences usually come from the industry and not from capital allocation. Furthermore, boards focus more on loyalty and prudence than on value creation, the laser-focus of private equities and value investors. The Capital Allocation Officer role has also had limited coverage in media and corporations. CEOs need to recognize that proper capital allocation is a strong value driver, that need to be involved in such process regardless of their preferences and knowledge, and even learn from or hire excellent capital allocators. CEOs need to design an investor-based capital allocation framework that guides their decisions and facilitates board's long term value creation.
Biological Therapies for Cartilage Lesions in the Hip: A New Horizon
Authors: Chahla Jorge , LaPrade Robert F. , Mardones Rodrigo , Huard Johnny , Philippon Marc J. , Nho Shane , Mei-Dan Omer , Pascual-Garrido Cecilia
Published: June 2016

Treatment of hip cartilage disease is challenging, and there is no clear algorithm to address this entity. Biomarkers are arising as promising diagnostic tools because they could play a role in the early assessment of the prearthritic joint and as a prognostic factor before and after treatment. The potential effect of biomarkers may be used to categorize individuals at risk of evolving to severe osteoarthritis, to develop new measures for clinical progression of the disease, and to develop new treatment options for the prevention of osteoarthritis progression. A trend toward a less invasive biological treatment will usher in a new treatment era. With the growth of surgical skills in hip arthroscopy, cartilage restoration techniques are evolving in a fast and exponential manner. Biological and surgical treatments have been proposed to treat these pathologies. Biological treatments include platelet-rich plasma, stem cells or bone marrow aspirate concentration, hyaluronic acid, losartan, and fish oil. Surgical treatments include microfracture alone or augmented, direct repair, autologous chondrocyte implantation, matrix-induced chondrocyte implantation, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, mosaicplasty, osteochondral allograft transplantation, and stem cells implanted in matrix (stem cells in membranes/expanded stem cells). This article reviews new evidence available on treatment options for chondral lesions and early osteoarthritis of the hip. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(4):e715–e723.]
Risk Adjustment for Medicare Total Knee Arthroplasty Bundled Payments
Authors: Clement R. Carter , Derman Peter B. , Kheir Michael M. , Soo Adrianne E. , Flynn David N. , Levin L. Scott , Fleisher Lee
Published: June 2016

The use of bundled payments is growing because of their potential to align providers and hospitals on the goal of cost reduction. However, such gain sharing could incentivize providers to “cherry-pick” more profitable patients. Risk adjustment can prevent this unintended consequence, yet most bundling programs include minimal adjustment techniques. This study was conducted to determine how bundled payments for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) should be adjusted for risk. The authors collected financial data for all Medicare patients (age≥65 years) undergoing primary unilateral TKA at an academic center over a period of 2 years (n=941). Multivariate regression was performed to assess the effect of patient factors on the costs of acute inpatient care, including unplanned 30-day readmissions. This analysis mirrors a bundling model used in the Medicare Bundled Payments for Care Improvement initiative. Increased age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, and the presence of a Medicare Major Complications/Comorbid Conditions (MCC) modifier (typically representing major complications) were associated with increased costs (regression coefficients, $57 per year; $729 per ASA class beyond I; and $3122 for patients meeting MCC criteria;
P
=.003,
P
=.001, and
P
<.001, respectively). Differences in costs were not associated with body mass index, sex, or race. If the results are generalizable, Medicare bundled payments for TKA encompassing acute inpatient care should be adjusted upward by the stated amounts for older patients, those with elevated ASA class, and patients meeting MCC criteria. This is likely an underestimate for many bundling models, including the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement program, incorporating varying degrees of postacute care. Failure to adjust for factors that affect costs may create adverse incentives, creating barriers to care for certain patient populations. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(5):e911–e916.]
Frequency of Recidivism in Patients With Orthopedic Trauma
Authors: Koleszar Juliann C. , Childs Benjamin R. , Vallier Heather A.
Published: June 2016

The goals of this study were to determine the frequency of trauma recidivism and to identify risk factors. The authors hypothesized that substance abuse and mental illness would be associated with recidivism. They performed a retrospective review of 879 patients who were treated surgically for high-energy fractures over a period of 4 years. Recidivism was defined as presentation to the trauma center for a new, unrelated injury. A recurrent recidivist was a repeat patient who returned for more than 1 additional injury. The study identified 164 (18.7%) patients who returned with a new injury. Mean age of recidivists was 37.1 years vs 40.7 years for nonrecidivists (
P
=.025). Of the recidivists, 80% were male, and this group was more likely to be unmarried (76.2% vs 67.2%,
P
=.044) and unemployed (40.4% vs 19.6%,
P
<.0001). Recidivists were also more likely to be uninsured (33.5% vs 17.8%,
P
<.0001) or to have Medicaid coverage (33.5% vs 23.2%,
P
<.0001). Recidivists were more likely to have used alcohol (47.2% vs 32.0%,
P
=.0007) or to be intoxicated (32.4% vs 21.2%,
P
=.005) and to use tobacco (66.2% vs 50.2%,
P
=.0003) or recreational drugs (59.1% vs 43.2%,
P
=.0004) at baseline. The rate of documented mental illness was also higher in repeat patients than in nonrepeat patients (28.1% vs 20.0%,
P
=.03). These findings showed that recidivism is common, occurring overall in 18.7% of the study sample within a mean of 2.9 years. Factors associated with recidivism included age younger than 40 years, unmarried status, substance use, unemployment, and lack of insurance coverage. The greatest independent risk factors for recidivism were Medicaid insurance or no insurance and a history of a gunshot wound or assault. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(5):300–306.]
Advocating for the Use of Pharmacogenomics: One Nurse's Story
Authors: Pestka Elizabeth L. , Shea Catherine E.
Published: June 2016

The current article describes the experiences of a motivated nurse who gained an understanding of pharmacogenomics and advocated for the use cytochrome P450 testing for patients in her clinical practice, her family members, herself, and for changing the health care delivery system to more readily recognize and address drug-metabolizing-enzyme abnormalities. Recommendations for nurses interested in promoting the use of pharmacogenomics include learning as much as possible about testing and implications, networking with other providers, identifying a knowledgeable pharmacist, assessing for a family history of problems with medication side effects or lack of efficacy, and keeping records of relevant medical and medication information to share with providers. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54
(7), 38–42.]
El cordón y la piña. Signos emblemáticos y devociones religiosas de Enrique III y Catalina de Lancaster (1390-1418)
Authors: Fernández de Córdova Miralles Álvaro
Published: June 2016

A fines del siglo XIV y principios del XV las divisas de la dinastía Trastámara adquirieron un particular protago - nismo en el proceso de consolidación política de la monarquía castellana. Este artículo explora los emblemas personales que adoptaron Enrique III y su esposa Catalina de Lancaster –el cordón de San Francisco y la piña– en un período alterado por la agitación aristocrática y los anhelos de renovación religiosa. Además de esclarecer su significado político y devocional, analizamos su uso cortesano, sus representaciones artísticas, sus innovaciones gráficas y la influencia que ejercieron en el desarrollo de la emblemática y las formas visuales del poder real.
Dos nuevos dibujos del pintor Pedro Ruiz González
Authors: Agüero Carnerero Cristina
Published: June 2016

En el presente artículo se atribuyen al pintor Pedro Ruiz González (h.1640-1706), discípulo de Escalante y de Carreño, dos dibujos de la Biblioteca Nacional de España antes considerados obra de Francisco Rizi.
Nuevas esculturas de Pedro de Mena en Córdoba y Estepa
Authors: García Luque Manuel
Published: June 2016

En este trabajo incorporamos dos nuevas obras al catálogo del escultor granadino Pedro de Mena: una Santa Teresa, conservada en la iglesia de San Pedro Alcántara de Córdoba, y un San Pedro arrepentido, en la ermita de la Asunción de Estepa (Sevilla). Se le atribuyen por razones de técnica, formato y estilo y se analizan en comparación con otras obras seguras y firmadas, lo que permite estrechar su datación en el contexto de las décadas de 1670 y 1680.
(Im)politesse, coopération et principes d’inférence
Authors: Simonin Olivier
Published: June 2016

Cet article constitue une exploration théorique de la notion de politesse, en ce qu’elle interagit avec le Principe de Coopération de Grice, et le Principe de Pertinence de Sperber et Wilson. Nous soutenons l’idée que la politesse, tout comme ces deux principes d’inférence, sont sous-tendus par une aspiration générale à l’harmonie interpersonnelle, et que les mécanismes pragmatiques auxquels ils correspondent appartiennent à deux niveaux distincts de l’analyse.
Argumentation et impolitesse dans les débats politiques à caractère polémique
Authors: Lahiani Nadia
Published: June 2016

L’argumentation a très souvent été appréhendée comme un moyen de régulation des désaccords. Nous tenterons de démontrer dans cet article que, dans les débats politiques à caractère polémique, l’argumentation peut expliciter le désaccord entre les interactants, voire, dans certains cas, trahir une impolitesse linguistique.
A Comparative Analysis of Politeness in First Encounter Conversations in British English Film and Peninsular Spanish Film
Authors: Sinkevičiūtė Valerija
Published: June 2016

This paper aims at analysing the phenomenon of politeness in British English and Peninsular Spanish in the first encounter conversations between strangers taking into consideration power and distance, where relevant. I attempted to demonstrate the differences in two cultures as Spaniards are thought to be more direct, while the British seem to be deeply concerned about non-imposition. The data for the analysis were taken from to films: Love Actually (British English) and Va a ser que nadie es perfecto (Peninsular Spanish), which were analysed applying Brown and Levinson’s framework. The results supported my hypotheses that most of the strategies used by Spaniards were those of positive politeness, while the British employed negative politeness strategies. However, the number of positive politeness examples found in British English conversations and negative politeness strategies as well as many instances of bald on record technique (which were claimed to be inappropriate and almost absent) used by Spaniards revealed new tendencies in the use of politeness in Peninsular Spanish and British English cultures.
A morphophonological approach to clipping in English
Authors: Jamet Denis
Published: June 2016

In this paper, I will endeavor to define clipping, and see if there are any semantic differences between the multiplicity of terms: “shortening”, “clipping”, “truncations”, etc. I will examine the semantic role of clipping, and try to answer the following question: is clipping a word-formation device? I will mainly focus on the consequences and phonological realizations of clipping in English to show that the phonological regularities in the formation of clipping make it a potential word-formation device, by shedding new light on the tendencies formalizing the study of clipping.
Graphie, phonie et encodage dialectal : le Cockney de Somerset Maugham dans Liza of Lambeth
Authors: Jobert Manuel
Published: June 2016

L’objet de cet article est d’établir un lien entre l’écriture phonétique (pronunciation spelling) et encodage dialectal. On se rend compte en effet que l’on retrouve en littérature des fonctionnements déjà présents en langue. En se fondant sur Liza of Lambeth, il apparaît que trois manipulations grapho-phonologiques (ajout, effacement, substitution) seulement sont nécessaires pour encoder le dialecte Cockney.
The Power of Words
Authors: Bigi Sarah , Lamiani Giulia
Published: June 2016

The concept of patient engagement is attracting growing attention from scholars working on doctor-patient interactions. It refers to the condition in which patients are fully aware of their medical condition and willing to be active both in the relationship with their caregivers and towards the health care institutions. However, the operative steps necessary to achieve patient engagement have not yet been fully described. This chapter focuses on the communicative dimension of engagement. Communication is shown to be a pivotal means to improve patient self-efficacy and commitment, both fundamental components of engagement. In particular, the authors take a closer look at the process of decision making in chronic care settings, and propose a normative model to analyze and evaluate the quality of decision making in consultations. It is argued that the model can also be used as a blueprint to create training materials for clinicians.
Patient and Family Engagement in THE Conversation
Authors: Freytag Jennifer , Street Jr. Richard L.
Published: June 2016

This chapter uses a patient-centered communication framework to examine observational studies of patient and family engagement in communication about end-of-life care. It analyzes how the literature has connected communication with health outcomes in end-of-life care. Within this analysis, it brings together three main ideas. First, family plays an important and overlooked role in communication about end-of-life care. Second, the literature describes communication that serves multiple functions, and it describes the special challenges presented by end-of-life care communication. Finally, it links these communicative functions with health outcomes and outlines directions for future research.
Engaging Patients and Lowering Costs
Authors: Zordich Tony , Menichetti Julia
Published: June 2016

Societies need solutions to achieve the “triple aim” of improved health outcomes, better patient care, and lower costs; and engaging patients in their care by using technological solutions is claimed as a possible strategy to achieve this vital goal. On this basis, the chapter focuses on reviewing, categorizing and synthesizing technological tools currently available in the market today designed to engage patients in their own care process. In particular, the goals of medication adherence, reduced hospital readmission, behavior modification, and health literacy - with related technologies - are assessed, since they are considered todays most expensive health care burdens. The advantages, shortcomings, and potential economic impact of such tools are finally discussed.
Using the Communication AssessmenT Checklist in Health to Assess the Communication Quality of Web Based Resources for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Genova Juliana , Olson Curtis A. , Bender Jackie
Published: June 2016

Introduction: The communication quality of web resources for patients is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess prostate cancer websites using the Communication AssessmenT Checklist in Health (CATCH). Methods: CATCH is a theory-based tool consisting of 50 elements nested in 12 concepts. Two raters independently applied it to 35 HON certified websites containing information on prostate cancer treatment. Results: Websites contained a mean 24.1 (SD= 3.6) CATCH items. The concepts Language, Readability, Layout, Typography and Appearance were present in over 80% of sites. Content, Risk Communication, Usefulness, and Scientific Value were present in 50% or less. Discussion: The prostate cancer websites evaluated in this study did not present treatment information in a useful, informative or credible way for patients. The communication quality of these resources could be improved with a clear strategic intent focused on decision-making, using CATCH as a guiding framework.
Parametric Optimization in Drilling Operation Using Response Surface Approach
Authors: Boparai Kamaljit Singh , Singh Sandeep , Singh Amritpal
Published: June 2016

Modeling and optimization of machining parameters are the indispensable elements in modern metal cutting processes. The present study realize the interaction of drilling input process parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate and number of holes and their influence on the surface roughness, diameter and position of hole obtained in drilling of mild steel. The contour plots were generated to highlights the interaction of process parameters as well as their effect on responses. An empirical model of surface roughness, diameter and position of hole was developed using response surface methodology (RSM). The model fitted and measured values were quite close, which indicates that the developed models can be effectively used to predict the respective response. The process parameters are optimized using desirability-based approach response surface methodology.
Ultrasonic Machining: A Review
Authors: Kataria Ravinder , Kumar Jatinder
Published: June 2016

Ultrasonic machining is a contemporary manufacturing method usually employed for processing materials with higher hardness/brittleness such as quartz, semiconductor materials, ceramics etc. The machined surface produced by ultrasonic machining is found to be free from any surface defects (heat affected zone, cracks, recast layer, etc.) in contrast to the thermal based machining processes like; electric discharge machining, laser beam machining etc. In this article, a review has been reported on the fundamental principle of ultrasonic machining, effect of operating parameters on material removal rate, tool wear rate, surface roughness and hole quality. It also presents a brief review on micro-USM, rotary USM and hybrid methods with other processes.
Performance of 75Cr3C2-25NiCr Coating Produced by HVOF Process in a Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Chatha Sukhpal Singh , Sidhu Hazoor S. , Sidhu Buta Singh
Published: June 2016

In the present investigation, 75Cr3C2-25NiCr coating was deposited on T91 boiler tube steel substrate by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) process to enhance high-temperature corrosion resistance. High-temperature performance of bare, as well as HVOF-coated steel specimens was evaluated for 1500 h under cyclic conditions in the platen superheater zone coal-fired boiler, where the temperature was around 900 °C. Experiments were carried out for 15 cycles each of 100 h duration followed by 1 h cooling at ambient temperature. The performance of the bare and coated specimens was assessed via metal thickness loss corresponding to the corrosion scale formation and the depth of internal corrosion attack. The uncoated boiler steel suffered from a catastrophic degradation in the form of internal oxidation attack and thickness loss. The 75Cr3C2-25NiCr coating showed good adherence to the boiler steel during the exposures with no tendency for internal oxidation.
Four new species of Paravelia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from Brazil, with notes on previously described species
Authors: Rodrigues Higor D. D. , Moreira Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
Published: June 2016

Four new species of Paravelia Breddin (Hemiptera: Veliidae) from Brazil are described and illustrated: Paravelia bachmanninew species and P. bromelicolanew species from the states of São Paulo and Santa Catarina; P. luederwaldtinew species from the state of São Paulo; and P. digitatanew species from the states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte; totalling 61 valid species for the genus. Two of the new species (P. bachmanni and P. bromelicola) are bromeliad inhabitants, and a key to the eight bromeliadicolus species of the genus is provided. In addition, based on type material, P. amoena (Drake), P. kahli (Drake and Harris), P. nexa (Drake and Harris), and P. parilis (Drake and Harris) are re-described and illustrated. Lastly, taxonomic and distributional notes for the following species are also presented: P. basalis (Spinola), P. boliviana Breddin, P. capillata (Drake and Harris), P. cognata (Drake and Harris), P. dilatata Polhemus and Polhemus, P. foveata Polhemus and Polhemus, P. itatiayana (Drake), P. nieseri Moreira and Barbosa, P. manausana Polhemus and Polhemus, P. platensis (Berg), P. recens (Drake and Harris), and P. splendoris (Drake and Harris).
ERAAP Shapes the Peptidome Associated with Classical and Nonclassical MHC Class I Molecules
Authors: Nagarajan Niranjana A. , de Verteuil Danielle A. , Sriranganadane Dev , Yahyaoui Wafaa , Thibault Pierre , Perreault Claude , Shastri Nilabh
Published: July 2016

The peptide repertoire presented by classical as well as nonclassical MHC class I (MHC I) molecules is altered in the absence of the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase associated with Ag processing (ERAAP). To characterize the extent of these changes, peptides from cells lacking ERAAP were eluted from the cell surface and analyzed by high-throughput mass spectrometry. We found that most peptides found in wild-type (WT) cells were retained in the absence of ERAAP. In contrast, a subset of “ERAAP-edited” peptides was lost in WT cells, and ERAAP-deficient cells presented a unique “unedited” repertoire. A substantial fraction of MHC-associated peptides from ERAAP-deficient cells contained N-terminal extensions and had a different molecular composition than did those from WT cells. We found that the number and immunogenicity of peptides associated with nonclassical MHC I was increased in the absence of ERAAP. Conversely, only peptides presented by classical MHC I were immunogenic in ERAAP-sufficient cells. Finally, MHC I peptides were also derived from different intracellular sources in ERAAP-deficient cells.
Inhibition of Phagocytic Killing of Escherichia coli in Drosophila Hemocytes by RNA Chaperone Hfq
Authors: Shiratsuchi Akiko , Nitta Mao , Kuroda Ayumi , Komiyama Chiharu , Gawasawa Mitsuko , Shimamoto Naoto , Tuan Tran Quoc , Morita Teppei , Aiba Hiroji , Nakanishi Yoshinobu
Published: June 2016

An RNA chaperone of Escherichia coli, called host factor required for phage Qβ RNA replication (Hfq), forms a complex with small noncoding RNAs to facilitate their binding to target mRNA for the alteration of translation efficiency and stability. Although the role of Hfq in the virulence and drug resistance of bacteria has been suggested, how this RNA chaperone controls the infectious state remains unknown. In the present study, we addressed this issue using Drosophila melanogaster as a host for bacterial infection. In an assay for abdominal infection using adult flies, an E. coli strain with mutation in hfq was eliminated earlier, whereas flies survived longer compared with infection with a parental strain. The same was true with flies deficient in humoral responses, but the mutant phenotypes were not observed when a fly line with impaired hemocyte phagocytosis was infected. The results from an assay for phagocytosis in vitro revealed that Hfq inhibits the killing of E. coli by Drosophila phagocytes after engulfment. Furthermore, Hfq seemed to exert this action partly through enhancing the expression of σ38, a stress-responsive σ factor that was previously shown to be involved in the inhibition of phagocytic killing of E. coli, by a posttranscriptional mechanism. Our study indicates that the RNA chaperone Hfq contributes to the persistent infection of E. coli by maintaining the expression of bacterial genes, including one coding for σ38, that help bacteria evade host immunity.
NK Cell Activation in the Antitumor Response Induced by IFN-α Dendritic Cells Loaded with Apoptotic Cells from Follicular Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Lapenta Caterina , Donati Simona , Spadaro Francesca , Castaldo Paolo , Belardelli Filippo , Cox Maria C. , Santini Stefano M.
Published: June 2016

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common form of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This malignancy is considered virtually incurable, with high response rates to therapy but frequent relapses. We investigated the ability of monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated in the presence of IFN-α and GM-CSF (IFN-DC) and loaded with apoptotic lymphoma cells to activate immune responses against FL cells, with the ultimate goal of designing novel patient-specific vaccination strategies for the treatment of FL. In this article, we show that apoptotic tumor cell–loaded IFN-DC from FL patients, which were cultured for 2 wk with autologous lymphocytes, led to Th1 response skewing, based on significantly higher levels of IFN-γ production and a remarkable increase in CD8+ and NK cell frequency, consistent with the detection of enhanced cytotoxic effector function toward autologous FL cells. IFN-DC were found to promote efficient NK cell activation, increased expression of cytotoxicity receptors, and extensive IFN-γ production in the virtual absence of IL-10. Moreover, direct recognition and killing of primary autologous lymphoma cells by activated NK cells from FL patients was also demonstrated. A critical role was demonstrated for MHC class I–related chain A and B and membrane-bound IL-15 in IFN-DC–mediated NK cell activation and early IFN-γ production. The overall results indicate that IFN-DC loaded with autologous apoptotic FL cells represent a valuable tool for improving the potency of therapeutic cancer vaccines through the efficient induction of NK cell activation and promotion of CD8+ T cell antitumor immunity.