bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Content Validity of a New Patient-Reported Measure of Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence for Electronic Administration in Routine HIV Care: Proposal for a Web-Based Delphi Study
Authors: Engler Kim , Ahmed Sara , Lessard David , Vicente Serge , Lebouché Bertrand
Published: May 2019

Background

Adherence to lifesaving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection remains a challenge for many patients. Routine screening for barriers to ART adherence could help make HIV care more patient-centered and prevent virologic rebound or failure. Our team is currently developing a new HIV-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) of these barriers for use in Canada and France along with a digital app for its electronic administration. In our previous work, we developed the PROM’s multidimensional conceptual framework and generated 100 English items, which have been translated to French.

Objective

This study aims to use a Web-based Delphi to help validate and select the content of this new HIV-specific PROM, based on the perspective of anglophone and francophone patients and providers in Canada and France. Here, we present the proposal for this Delphi.

Methods

This modified Delphi will involve a diverse panel of patients (n=32) and providers (n=52) recruited especially from the 9 sites of the PROM development study (site locations in Canada: Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver; in France: Paris, Nantes, Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Martin, Cayenne). Overall, 2 rounds of Web-based questionnaires will be conducted. The threshold for consensus is set at 60% and will determine which items are carried forward to the second round. Per item, 3 aspects will be rated: importance as a barrier to ART adherence, relevance for HIV care, and clarity. In both rounds, space will be available for free text comments. Overall comprehensiveness will be assessed in the second round.

Results

This study has undergone a methodological review by experts in patient-oriented research. It has received approval from a research ethics board of the McGill University Health Centre. It is financially supported, in part, by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research’s Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research-Quebec Support Unit (M006). As of May 21, 2019, 15 people living with HIV and 25 providers completed the first round of the Delphi (24 from Canada and 16 from France).

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first Delphi to seek consensus on the most relevant and clinically actionable barriers to ART adherence, collecting opinions on an extensive list of barriers. Drawing on a relatively large and diverse panel of HIV patients and providers, it essentially engages key stakeholders in decision making about the PROM’s final content, helping to ensure its utility and adoption.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/12836
Pediatric Speech-Language Pathologists’ Use of Mobile Health Technology: Qualitative Questionnaire Study
Authors: Thompson Kelsey , Zimmerman Emily
Published: May 2019

Background

While technology use in pediatric therapies is increasing, there is so far no research available focusing on how pediatric speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the United States use technology.

Objective

This paper sought to determine if, and to what extent, pediatric SLPs are using mobile apps, to determine what purpose they are using them for, and to identify gaps in available technology to provide guidance for future technological development.

Methods

Pediatric SLPs completed an online survey containing five sections: demographics, overall use, use in assessment, use in intervention, barriers, and future directions.

Results

Mobile app use by 485 pediatric SLPs in the clinical setting was analyzed. Most (364/438; 83.1%) pediatric SLPs reported using technology ≤50% of the time in their clinical work, with no differences evident by age group (<35 years and ≥35 years; P=.97). Pediatric SLPs are currently using apps for intervention (399/1105; 36.1%), clinical information (241/1105; 21.8%), parent education (151/1105; 13.7%), assessment (132/1105; 12%), client education (108/1105; 9.8%), and other uses (55/1105; 5.0%). Cost (46/135; 34.1%) and lack of an evidence base (36/135; 26.7%) were the most frequently reported barriers. Most SLPs (268/380; 70.7%) desired more technology use, with no difference evident by age group (P=.81).

Conclusions

A majority of pediatric SLPs are using mobile apps less than 50% of the time in a pediatric setting and they use them more during intervention compared to assessment. While pediatric SLPs are hesitant to add to their client’s screen time, they would like more apps to be developed that are supported by research and are less expensive. Implications for future research and app development are also discussed.
Pengaruh Impulsivitas dan Media Komunikasi terhadap Perbedaan Partisipasi Diskusi Online
Authors: Suhartini Irma , Himam Fathul
Published: May 2019

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of impulsivity and computer-mediated communication on differences in online participation. This research is an experimental research with Posttest only design. Participants involved in this study were students with an age range of 17-22 years, totaling 30 participants. Participants will be divided into two groups namely using the computer-mediated communication real name (CMR) and computer-mediated communication anonymously (CMA), each group consists of 15 participants. This study used Barrat Impulsive Scale (BIS) 11 to determine participants' impulsivity. Data analysis in this study used Two-way analysis of variance. Based on the result of the interaction model analysis between impulsivity and computer-mediated communication to online participation, it is known that the value of F = 1,587 with significance equal to 0,219 (p> 0,05). This research found that there is no significant difference in online participation based on computer-mediated communication of CMR and CMA, both at low, medium and high levels of impulsivity. Keywords: computer-mediated communication; impulsivity; online participation
The Difference of Mathematics Learning Achievement between Ipad For Learning Multimedia Learning and Conventional Learning Media in Junior High School Students
Authors: Zain Tsurayya Syarif , Azwar Saifuddin
Published: May 2019

Abstract.  This research includes gender as moderator as well as the intelligence and motivation of learning as the covariance of learning achievement. This research design is causal-comparative by comparing mathematics learning achievement between learning with iPad and conventional media. The overall research’s subjects are 128 students. The result shows that there are differences in learning achievement between multimedia learning iPad for Learning and conventional learning media (F=48,698, p<0,05). Students who use iPad media have an average mathematics learning achievement higher than a student in conventional learning media. In this research, the interaction between genders and learning media on mathematics learning achievement proved to be low (F=0,318, p>0,05). Keywords: iPad for Learning; digital learning; mathematics academic achievement
Thermal and Dynamics Mechanical Analysis of Polypropylene Blown Films with Crude Palm Oil as Plasticizer
Authors: Kamarudin Siti Hasnah , Jusoh Emiliana Rose , Abdullah Luqman Chuah , Ismail Mohd Halim Shah , Aung Min Min , Ratnam Chantara Thevy
Published: May 2019

This research aims to investigate the effect of crude palm oil (CPO) as a plasticizer in polypropylene blown film on thermal and dynamic mechanical properties. Polypropylene (PP) was blended with 1, 3, and 5% of CPO using a twin screw extruder. The extruded samples were blown using the blown thin film technique. The samples were analyzed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). From the dynamic mechanical analysis, the storage modulus and loss modulus for PP presented decreasing pattern about 3–5% due to the action of CPO as plasticizer which introduced free volume and enabled the polyolefins chains to deform more easily. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PP were found being shifted to lower temperature from 10 to 1 °C with the increasing CPO content. The fraction of crystallization was determined using DSC. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the incorporation of CPO as plasticizer showed a small increased effect in the thermal stability for PP. These findings have contributed new knowledge to the additives area and give important implications for designing and manufacturing polymer packaging materials.
Synthesis and Characterization of Molybdenum Phthalocyanine as Target Material for High Specific Activity Molybdenum-99 Production
Authors: Febrian Muhamad Basit , Setiawan Duyeh , Hidayati Hilda
Published: May 2019

High specific activity is a necessity in the fabrication of 99Mo/99mTc radioisotope generators. Recoil reaction, or the Szilard-Chalmers effect, is a method that could be used as an alternative method for increasing specific activity in radioisotope production in light of tightening regulation of highly enriched uranium (HEU) irradiation. Phthalocyanine compounds are usually used as the target material in recoil reactions for the production of high specific radioisotope activity via the (n,γ) reaction. Molybdenum phthalocyanine (Mo-Pc) could be a promising target material in recoil reactions for producing high specific activity of 99Mo. Mo-Pc was synthesized via solid-state reaction between ammonium heptamolybdate and phthalonitrile in a reflux system at 300 °C for 3 h. This optimum condition was identified after performing several variations of temperature and time of reaction, considering FTIR spectra, the yield of product and melting point of the product. XRD measurement showed that Mo-Pc synthesized at optimum condition was free from MoO2, phthalimide and unreacted molybdenum. Mo-Pc has UV-vis properties of Q-band absorption between 600 and 750 nm when dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide and trifluoroacetic acid. Splitting at absorption peak in tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide solution indicated that protonation had occurred. This split peak did not appear in a trifluoroacetic acid solution. In the preliminary study of irradiation of 1 g Mo-Pc at 3.5x1012 n cm–2 s–1 neutron flux, followed by dissolution in tetrahydrofuran and extraction of Mo-99 into NaOH, we obtained Mo-99 solution with a specific activity of 682.35 mCi/g Mo, this being 254.61 times higher than in the regular MoO3 target.
Development and Validation of a Four-Tier Diagnostic Instrument for Chemical Kinetics (FTDICK)
Authors: Habiddin Habiddin , Page Elizabeth Mary
Published: May 2019

The present study outlines the development and validation of a four-tier diagnostic instrument to explore first year undergraduate students’ understanding of chemical kinetics (FTDICK). The four-tier instrument is a recent format and has been applied only sparsely in a limited number of subject areas, not including chemical kinetics. This study confirms the importance of a four-tier approach in fully investigating students’ poor knowledge and understanding. The FTDICK described here involves 20 questions with a confidence level linked to both the question tier and the reason tier. The development of the instrument followed the procedure used for the two-tier instrument developed by Treagust and involves (1) testing & interviewing, (2) identifying & collecting students’ unscientific ideas, (3) developing the prototype FTDICK, (4) validating the prototype FTDICK, and (5) developing the final FTDICK. The initial steps revealed a number of areas of misconceptions to be explored in the final instrument. The instrument has been developed and the prototype tested using international cohorts of students from the University of Reading, UK and two Indonesian Universities. Comprehensive item analysis on the results showed the instrument to be valid and reliable and suitable for identifying students’ understanding of chemical kinetics. This study confirms the importance of a four-tier approach for investigating students’ prior knowledge and understanding.
Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel Using Palm Oil Leaves Extract
Authors: Salleh Nor Insyirah Hairul , Abdullah Arman
Published: May 2019

Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) leaves extract was investigated on its potential to inhibit carbon steel corrosion via weight loss and potentiodynamic polarisation methods. Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel using palm oil leaves extract was determined at various temperatures, salinities, and concentrations. The inhibition efficiency increased with the increasing of inhibitor concentration but decreased with the rise in temperature. The highest inhibitor efficiency was 83.70% with a corrosion rate of 0.44 mm/yr which was obtained at zero salinity (in distilled water) with 25% of inhibitor concentration at 303 K. The results obtained proved that the extract solution from palm oil leaves can be used as an effective inhibitor of carbon steel in seawater.
Effect of Immobilization Method on the Growth of Chlorella vulgaris and Fatty Acid Profile for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Rushan Nur Hanani , Mat Yasin Nur Hidayah , Sepian Noor Raihana Abu , Said Farhan Mohd , Shafei Nurafifah Izzati
Published: May 2019

The aim of this research is to study the immobilization effect on growth cell of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The comparison of lipid production between immobilized microalgae and free cell culture was also studied and the fatty acid methyl ester for biodiesel production was identified in this research. Four important steps were done in this research which included microalgae cultivation, harvesting method by immobilization, lipid extraction and transesterification of oil. In the immobilization method, the combination of matrix system of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SA and CMC) gave the highest number of cells of microalgae after the 9th day of the cultivation process. However, the immobilized microalgae matrix system of SA at volumetric ratio of 0.3:1 showed better results for extraction of oil, attaining an oil yield percentage of 46% compared with other matrix systems studied; SA + CA + CMC (43.00%), SA + CA (41.19%), SA + CMC (40.38%) and free cell culture (42.57%). Furthermore, the fatty acids methyl ester profile of the extracted oil showed high potential for biodiesel production. The results proved that the immobilization of microalgae had improved the oil yield and fatty acid composition as compared to the free cell culture, which may have useful application for the biofuel industry.
Inhibitive Determination of Hg(II) in Aqueous Solution Using Urease Amperometric Biosensor
Authors: Hermanto Dhony , Kuswandi Bambang , Siswanta Dwi , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: May 2019

An amperometric biosensor for the indirect determination of Hg(II) has been developed based on inhibition of urease (EC 3.5.1.5) immobilized into alginate–chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes membrane. The biosensor response was monitored by following the reduction peak of hydrolyzed urea at around -0.15 V. The amperometric biosensor has a dynamic range 40–90 ppb Hg(II) with limit of detection of 66.45 ppb toward Hg(II) ions, repeatability (CV) value of 0.86% and only Ag(I) as the main potential interference. The sensor shows a stable and reproducible response for more than 2 weeks when it stored dry at 4 °C. The analytical results of Hg(II)-spiked water sample showed a good agreement with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry method, suggesting that the developed method may be applied in the determination of Hg(II) in the water samples.
Extraction of Phytosterol Concentration in Different Legume Pods by Using Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation
Authors: Noormazlinah Noormazlinah , Hashim Norlaili , Nour Abdurahman Hamid , Abdul Munaim Mimi Sakinah , Almajano Maria Pilar , Bahirah Nurul
Published: May 2019

The traditional ways in the extraction of bioactive compounds using conventional methods are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this, the potential of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation conditions for extraction of phytosterol from legume pods was investigated. Salkowski test performed on the legume pod has shown the reddish brown in all sample which confirmed the presence of phytosterol qualitatively. Liebermann-Burchard procedure and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) apparatus were used to study the concentration of phytosterol at different extraction parameters which are temperature (25–80 °C), solvent concentration (50–100% v/v), irradiation time (1–10 min) and microwave power (400–800 W). The optimal conditions for highest yield of extract (0.219 mg/L) were obtained at a microwave power of 600 W, the irradiation time of 6 min, and ethanol concentration of 75% v/v. Results obtained in this study have shown the capability of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation in the extraction of phytosterol from legume pod. Further works are nevertheless required to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of an optimum system applicable to the industry.
Statistical Modelling of Ultrasonic-Aided Extraction of Elaeis guineensis Leaves for Better-Quality Yield and Total Phenolic Content
Authors: Romes Nissha Bharrathi , Hamid Mariani Abdul , Hashim Siti Ernieyanti , Wahab Roswanira Abdul
Published: May 2019

The present study highlighted the statistical modeling of an ultrasonic-aided extraction (UAE) of Elaeis guineensis leaves extract for maximal extraction yield (EY) and total phenolic content (TPC). A Box-Behnken design investigated the effects of ethanol concentration (X1: 0−100%), extraction time (X2: 5−55 min), the solvent-to-solid ratio (X3: 15:1−35:1 mL/g) and sonification amplitude (X4: 20−100 %). Under optimized conditions, the highest EY of 14.38% was attained using 50% (v/v) ethanol:water ratio, 55 min, 35 mL/g solvent-to-solid ratio, 60% sonication amplitude, whereas maximum TPC was 209.70 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g [50% (v/v) ethanol:water ratio, 30 min, 25 mL/g solvent-to-solid ratio, 60% sonication amplitude]. Second-order polynomial models of EY and TPC showed the R2 value corresponding to 0.9303 and 0.9500, respectively, indicating their significance (p < 0.05) to predict the responses. HPLC chromatograms revealed gallic acid and catechin were present in the UAE extracts. UAE technique afforded better EY (14.38%) and TPC (209.70 mg GAE/g) than maceration (3.73%, 85.23 mg GAE/g) and Soxhlet (6.86%, 102.13 mg GAE/g) extractions, as based on scanning electron micrographs of untreated, UAE, macerated and Soxhlet treated samples. Cell walls of ultrasonic-treated E. guineensis leaves were visibly disrupted to facilitate the higher release of bioactive plant materials, thus justifying the higher EY and TPC. The application of ultrasound appeared to remarkably increase the extraction efficiency of E. guineensis leaves to extract as compared to the conventional methods.
Compatibility Between Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Neem Extract against Brown Plant-Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)
Authors: Wisuda Nova Laili , Harjaka Tri , Prasetyaningrum Indah Dwi
Published: May 2019

Beauveria bassiana fungi and neem extract as botanical insecticide can be combined to get the synergizing effect to control brown planthopper (BPH). This study was conducted to determine the best combination between the spore density of B. bassiana and concentration of neem extract to control BPH effectively. The two factorial treatment consisted concentration of B. bassiana (106  Colony Forming Unit (CFU) and 107 CFU) and concentration of neem extract (5%, 10%, 15%), and control.  The treatments were assigned in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and  LSD at 5%. The test was conducted in vitro and bio assay of testing insects, BPH, was conducted using dipping method.  B. bassiana was suitable with neem extract with T value ranged from 78.58- 90.38. The mortality of BPH occurred on day 5 after application. The highest mortality (91.67%) occurred on the treatment with B. bassiana 107 CFU + neem extract 10%. The shortest LT50 was found at the treatment of B. bassiana 106 CFU+  neem extract 15%  (2.74 days) but not significantly different from B. bassiana 107 CFU + neem extract 15% (2.76 days). B. bassiana spores combined with neem extract are assumed to speed up the mortality of BPH by increasing the concentration.
Translation Studies Research Development in Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Haru Deliana
Published: May 2019

This paper is an overview on the development of Translation Studies (TS) research in Indonesia from 2008 to 2018. The study aims to discover whether the TS research conducted by the students of ten Indonesian universities has followed the present trends of TS research in the world. The data were obtained from the final papers (undergraduate theses, Master’s degree theses, and doctoral theses) of the universities having translation programs in Indonesia, particularly on Java and Bali Islands. The titles of the final papers were analyzed to obtain a general idea of what topics of TS research are usually investigated by Indonesian university students. The results show that most of the topics are categorized into text analysis and translation (product-oriented research), and very few belong to the process-oriented research, participant-oriented research, and other themes. This leads to the conclusion that TS research in Indonesia has not yet developed well and has not varied according to the international TS research progress.
The Inclusive Education for Deaf Children in Primary, Secondary and Preparatory Schools in Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: Tedla Tadesse , Negassa Dawit
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current experiences of deaf children in upper primary, secondary and preparatory schools in Gondar City Administration, Ethiopia. A phenomenological study design with qualitative inquiry approach was used. The main tool used for the study was a semi-structured interview guide, which was developed out of comprehensive review of literature for data collection. Out of the thirty deaf children in the study (26 children from grades 5 to 8 and four children from grades 9 to 12), nine were selected through purposive and available sampling techniques from upper primary, secondary and preparatory schools respectively. The data collected were thematically analyzed though the academic dimension points. Results indicated that the deaf children were not academically included at par with the other students, though they were able to receive support from their peers and were active participants in extra-curricular activities. The deaf children were found suffering from communication barrier, unsuitable and non-varied teaching methodologies and lower expectations on the ability of the deaf children from side of teachers. And, the children were also challenged with the absence of sig language interpreters in their classes and the current text books which they deaf children used to study are lacking the incorporations of adequate pictures. Recommendations such as sign language training for teachers and peers, recruitment of sign language interpreters, acquisition of suitable teaching-learning materials along with adequate training of teachers in using effective and varied methodologies for deaf children have been forwarded.
Maíz, etanol y bienestar en el marco de las políticas (inter)nacionales
Authors: Pérez Peña Rafael , Peláez Herreros Oscar
Published: May 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación es mostrar en qué medida la decisión unilateral de los EE. UU. de fomentar la producción de etanol contribuyó a elevar el precio del maíz (Zea mays), redundando en ganancias de bienestar para los agentes de ese país en perjuicio de los mexicanos. Para ello se estima un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas mediante la técnica de mínimos cuadrados en tres etapas que permite conocer la determinación del precio del maíz en el mercado estadounidense durante el periodo 2000-2014. Los resultados muestran que ante un aumento de 1 % en la producción de etanol, el precio del maíz se incrementó en 0.61 %. Este impacto positivo implicó que en Estados Unidos (superavitario en maíz) la ganancia de excedente de los productores superara la pérdida de los consumidores. Lo contrario ocurrió en México (deficitario en maíz), que registró una pérdida neta de bienestar. Asimismo, se advierte que, con el alza del precio, a partir de 2005 surgieron oportunidades para los productores de ambos países. En Estados Unidos se incrementó la producción de maíz, tanto por el aumento de hectáreas sembradas como de la producción por hectárea. En México solo se explotó el margen intensivo.
ANALISIS BUTIR SOAL ISMUBA (AL-ISLAM KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN DAN BAHASA ARAB) KELAS IV SD MUHAMMADIYAH 5 JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Lismawati Lismawati , Fahmi Ari Khairurrijal
Published: May 2019

Learning ISMUBA (al-Islam, Kemuhammadiyahan and Arabic) is the hallmark of an Education Institution in all Muhammadiyah schools. An institution that holds realization of learning al-Islam, Kemuhammadiyahan and Arabic language is SD Muhammadiyah 5 South Jakarta is one of the Muhammadiyah elementary school located in Jalan Limau Kebayoran Baru South Jakarta. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative with qualitative descriptive interpretation. Place conducted research In SD Muhammadiyah 5 Jakarta Selatan While the time of research from September to Novermber 2017. Population research is all students In SD Muhammadiyah 5 South Jakarta class IV. Sample used in this research is saturated population that is all student of Class IV. The data collected includes primary data. Primary data obtained from the answer sheet of students of SD Muhammadiyah 5 Jakarta Selatan on the subjects of alIslam, Kemuhammadiyahan and Arabic. Analysis of items by using IRT (Item Response Theory) by using item software to see the level of difficulty problem, distinguishing power. The results obtained from the ITEMAN application will be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of different problem power and problem level.
Los baldíos y el problema agrario en la costa Caribe de Colombia (1830-1900)
Authors: Tovar Pinzón Hermes
Published: May 2019

La ocupación de los espacios baldíos de la República de Colombia durante el siglo XIX no fue un fenómeno circunscrito a la llamada región Antioqueña. Prácticamente todo el territorio nacional se vio congestionado con demandas de titulación y apropiación de terrenos y globos baldíos, tanto por parte de grandes empresarios, como de pequeños y modestos colonos.El significado social y económico que el desplazamiento de gentes tuvo en el conjunto de cada región, otorgó a la cuestión agraria rasgos diferenciados en la incorporación de nuevos baldíos y en las disputas por la titulación de las tierras. Del mismo modo, la ubicación geográfica y la fertilidad de los suelos contribuyeron a que la frontera fuera variada e indistinta, así como la presencia o la ausencia de comunidades humanas hizo de la frontera un lugar vacío o semi-vacío. Es decir, que los derechos adquiridos o pretendidos por los pobladores contribuyeron a definir el carácter de las colonizaciones y de las regiones.
Ironías del federalismo en la provincia del Socorro, 1810-1870
Authors: Stoller Richard
Published: May 2019

La cuestión centralista/federalista ocupa un sitio inestable dentro de la historiografía reciente sobre el siglo XIX. latinoamericano. La organización estatal va se perfila como un tema instrumentalizado en vez de primordial, frente a temas como el régimen económico, cuyos "intereses" (por múltiples y confusos que sean) presumiblemente existen y son analizables; o quizás la cuestión religiosa, que se presta a cierta "irreductibilidad" para quienes no sean marxistas vulgarísimos.' En la mayoría de los estudios recientes sobre la pugna liberal/conservadora (usualmente con énfasis en el lado liberal), se nota la relativa ausencia del tema centralista/federalista, siempre con algunas excepciones notables
Raíces hispánicas de El Salvador
Authors: Escalante Pedro Antonio
Published: May 2019

El 15 de septiembre de 1821, el antiguo reino de Guatemala se declaró independiente de su metrópoli, una metrópoli cansada que veía con frustración cómo se le escapaba su propia América española. En la Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, los signatarios reunidos estampaban su firma en un documento que las circunstancias habían apurado. Las noticias de México eran alarmantes y esperanzadoras al mismo tiempo, y la atmósfera del momento estaba imbuida de aires imperiales y anexionistas en su gran mayoría, excepto por el empecinamiento de un par de ciudades que hasta el final no cederán en su reticencia al emperador Agustín de Iturbide.
Redes personales y capitales institucionales: la Real Hacienda y el cabildo de Quito a mediados del siglo XVIII
Authors: Herzog Tamar
Published: May 2019

Las relaciones entre redes personales y capitales institucionales, están en el centro de reflexión de este artículo. Tomando como ejemplo el papel de quien fuera tesorero de la Real Hacienda de Quito en las décadas de 1730 y 1740, quisiera argumentar a favor de la imposibilidad de entender el establecimiento de relaciones sociales, sin la mediación de las instituciones y viceversa. Por un lado, el éxito obtenido en un terreno, se reflejaba en la ampliación de posibilidades en el otro. Por otro, los individuos, que a veces se definían por un medio, en ocasiones distintas se identificaban con el otro, convirtiendo lo social y lo institucional en dos facetas del mismo problema, el de la constante reconfiguración del poder.
Historiografía anglosajona e historia de España: percepción de judíos y conversos
Authors: Contreras Jaime
Published: May 2019

Desde entonces, desde el mismo origen del mito fue necesario el signo que lo sacralizara. En la larga y compleja cuestión de la identidad judía, la circuncisión fue la señal más significada de dicha identidad. No es necesario acudir a todo el enorme y complejo estrato de la tradición rabínica para argumentarlo. Baruch Spinoza, conocedor preciso de dicha tradición, en su Tratado Teológico-Político escribía con firmeza: "Por mi parte pienso que el signo de la circuncisión tiene, a este respecto, tanto poder que estoy convencido que él sólo basta para conservar eternamente esta nación".
Aesthetics of Sustainability: A Transdisciplinary Sensibility for Transformative Practices
Authors: Kagan Sacha
Published: May 2019

Contemporary western societies are marked by symptoms of a culture of unsustainability, rooted in problematic modes of knowing the reality, across social systems, whether in the sciences, arts or other fields. Transdisciplinary researchers across the world are already aware of these issues and working on resolving them. To contribute to these efforts and focus on a perspective which potential may have been receiving too little attention so far, this article is introducing how a sensibility to transdisciplinarity and complexity can inform aesthetics of sustainability, and why this matters for a global (environ)mental transformation process. The relevance of this approach is discussed with the field of ecological art and the practice of walking.
Deal with Complexity and Risk in Professional Relationship: The Transdisciplinary Logic
Authors: Desbois Luc
Published: May 2019

If the individual is a black box, an encounter is a risk that has to be managed. In everyday life, no one stops to think about relationships. Unless they serve an intention that “is not self-evident”, that makes an unusual emotion emerge. Do we think about the way we say hello to a colleague, unless we intend to get something from this “hello”? The transposition of the human relationship in the professional environment leads to a change in the reality level: putting on the clothes of a character and playing his part in a logical context that serves the aim and the plan of the organization, that itself is under the pressure of a demand that is quantitatively insatiable, and technically extremely demanding. Since the creation of wealth does not rely on an open-ended honey pot, de facto, the performance requirement becomes both an individual and group concern. The organization performance cannot suffer from the excessive variableness of the professional character’s reactions. Paradox among the paradoxes, getting the best out of the relational potential of a system that is organized, focused, constrained, would then consist in establish- ing an evolutionary relational framework to control, without killing it, what, out of the professional environment, comes within what is uncontrollable and spontaneous. How then, can we deal with the complexity and the risk in relationship, leveraging the transdisciplinary logic?
Shaping Education and Training to Advance Transdisciplinary Health Research
Authors: Gehlert Sarah
Published: May 2019

Despite at least two decades of effort, the United States has made little progress in addressing the health disparities experienced by its most vulnerable residents. For many diseases, the gaps in health between groups continue to grow. In this paper, we first build a case for the importance of a transdisciplinary approach to eliminating health disparities, based on the premise that executing successful disparities research depends on the ability to visualize the multiple influences on health and health disparities and understand the complex ways in which they interact with one another to produce worse outcomes for some groups than others. We argue that our failure to prepare investigators to conduct transdisciplinary research has greatly impeded our progress toward eliminating the nation’s disparities. Finally, we articulate the challenges of implementing transdisciplinary education and training and recommend elements of a successful transdisciplinary educational program in health.
Comunicação e ativismo social na internet: perspectivas para atuação dos movimentos sociais nas redes on-line”
Authors: Gomes Pedro Pereira , De Camargo Elias Pedro Eduardo , Dos Santos Celeste Leite
Published: May 2019

Resumo. O presente texto analisa a interrelação da comunicação com as transformações sociais ocorridas. Analisa-se como o ambiente virtual tornou-se espaço de reinvindicação de direitos de minorias e na formação da opinião pública.
Ação civil ex delicto e as excludentes de ilicitude previsto no art. 23 do Código Penal
Authors: Passos Pedro Henrique Santos
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo aborda as hipóteses de aplicação da ação civil ex delicto, bem como, suas especificações. Serão estudados os institutos que excluem a responsabilidade civil como também as suas exceções e possibilidades de regresso.
Classificação Indicativa na Publicidade Virtual e Televisiva destinada ao Público Infantil
Authors: Curvo Leite Rita De Cassia
Published: May 2019

Inegavelmente relevante, a classificação indicativa representa importante mecanismo garantidor do respeito ao direito à prevenção especial da criança, tal como cunhado no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (artigos 74 usque 80). Nesse sentido, cabe ao Poder Público, às famílias e à sociedade em geral não só reconhecer a importância da classificação indicativa, como, ainda, aplicá-la e disseminá-la para ambientes nos quais se exponha a hipervulnerabilidade infantil. Reconhecer que o ambiente publicitário, assim como o televisivo, é atraente e sedutor a influenciar os consumidores mirins é o ponto de partida para pretender ver o sistema classificatório aplicado também nas propagandas veiculadas por meio de imagens e sons propalados tanto pela Internet quanto pelas emissoras de televisão. Esse o mote do presente ensaio.
EUPHEMISM IN DAVID CAMERON’S POLITICAL SPEECH IN ISIS ATTACKS
Authors: Purba Nuzulianda Ferina , Meisuri Meisuri , Bahri Syamsul
Published: May 2019

This study deals with euphemism in political speech of David Cameron about ISIS attacks. The objectives of the study were to find out the types of euphemsim used in DavidCameron’s speech on ISIS attacks and the reason why the most dominant types was choosen. The study was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative method.The data for this study were David Cameron political speech transcript in 20 July 2015, 14 November 2015, 2 December 2015, 5 february 2016. The source of the data was from United Kingdom govermentwebsite .The data were analyzedusing the theory of Allan and Burridge (1991). The findings of the study showed that the types of euphemism used in David Camerons political speech about ISIS attacks were: figurative expression(28,8%) ,circomlocution (15,5%), ommision (13,3%), ommision (13,3%) , hyperbole (11,1%), understatement (8,8%) ,flippancy(8,8%), abbreviation (8,8%),  borrowing (2,2%) and clipping (2,2%)  . Figurative expression as the most dominant type used by David Cameron because it make words in speech more organized as a nice thing to be spoken in public in order to convince people.Keywords: euphemism, euphemism types, speech, politic
OVERLAPS USED IN TV PROGRAM “INI TALKSHOW NET TV”
Authors: Manurung Melinda , Meisuri Meisuri , Nasution Rafika Dewi
Published: May 2019

This study deals with overlaps used in TV program Ini Talk Show on Net TV. The objectives of this study were to find out the types of overlap and describe the effects of overlap in TV program. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The data were dialogues in Ini Talk Show special episode on October, 16th 2016 which was taken from YouTube. The findings indicated that there were two types of overlap in ‘Ini Talk Show’ and they were competitive (39,39%) and non competitive (60,60%). The competitive overlap contributes the effects such as provoke laughter and create new ideas. Keywords : overlaps, competitive, non-competitive, talk show, net TV
PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE OF COMMERCIAL ADVERTISEMENTS ON BILLBOARD IN MEDAN
Authors: Busmin Gurning Reza Saputra Rambe And
Published: May 2019

This study deals with Persuasive Technique of Commercial Advertisement on Billboard in Medan. This study is aimed at analyzing: (1) persuasive technique applied in the commercial advertisement on billboard in Medan, and (2) the reason of using the persuasive technique in the billboard commercial advertisement. It employs descriptive qualitative research method to conduct this study with. The data of this study are pictures and writings in 33 the commercial advertisements which were displayed at Jl. Gatot Subroto and Jl. Gadjah Mada, Medan. The data is analyzed by using the theories from Keraf (1991) about the persuasive techniques. There are seven techniques were applied in the billboard commercial advertisements, they are Rationalization (10 of 33 advertisements), Identification (13 of 33 advertisements), Suggestion (20 of 33 advertisements), Conformity (7 of 33 advertisements), Compensation (9 of 33 advertisements),  Displacement (1 of 33 advertisements), and Projection (7 of 33 advertisements). One advertisement could use more than one persuasive techniques. Furthermore, the reason why the persuaders applied the persuasive techniques is to make their readers believed what they said and wanted to buy and consume the products.
Acessibilidade às pessoas com deficiência visual no transporte público urbano: o caso do metrô de Bruxelas (Bélgica) | Accessibility to blind people in urban public transport: The Brussels (Belgium) subway case
Authors: Silveira Carolina Stolf , Dischinger Marta
Published: May 2019

Compreender e utilizar um sistema de transporte publico urbano, por vezes, nao e tarefa facil, principalmente quando se tem alguma deficiencia e o meio nao oferece acessibilidade. Para os usuarios que nao conseguem ou tem dificuldade em enxergar, pode tornar‑se uma atividade impraticavel, de forma independente, quando as informacoes nao visuais sao escassas ou inexistentes. Pensando nessas questoes, estudos foram realizados no metro de Bruxelas, na Belgica, para apos 10 anos de esenvolvimento, disponibilizar um sistema de orientacao para que pessoas com cegueira fossem capazes de viajar com independencia pela cidade. O presente artigo expoe esse estudo de caso, avaliado atraves de metodos e tecnicas como aporte documental, observacoes assistematicas in loco, entrevistas e aplicacao metodologica do “Passeio Acompanhado”, refletindo acerca da importancia da acessibilidade no transporte para garantir o direito de ir e vir dos cidadaos.
A extinta pureza: a igreja da Pampulha e as capelas de Ouro Preto (Brasil) | The extinct purity: The church of Pampulha and the chapels of Ouro Preto (Brazil)
Authors: Benoit Alexandre , Frajndlich Rafael Urano
Published: May 2019

A Igreja da Pampulha, feita em Belo Horizonte em 1943, por Oscar Niemeyer, e reconhecida como marco das vanguardas arquitetonicas brasileiras. Seu programa religioso colocava‑se como desafio para o arquiteto, pelo primado de simbolos e significados que remontavam ao passado colonial das catedrais e capelas valorizadas pelos intelectuais modernistas, como Drummond de Andrade, Lucio Costa, Mario de Andrade. Entre os anos 1920 e 1930, e intenso o debate intelectual acerca da heranca do barroco mineiro como portadora de uma forca de atualizacao do presente que sintetizaria modernidade e identidade nacional. As capelas e arquiteturas de autoria nao definida sao contrapostas as monumentais criacoes de artifices notaveis, como Aleijadinho. Niemeyer nao era alheio a este debate sobre como o passado colonial seria referenciado nas obras de vanguarda, preferindo na sua igreja construir correspondencias tipologicas com as capelas de Ouro Preto e arredores construidas no seculo XVIII, problematizando, na arquitetura, questoes da ordem do dia dos modernistas, no que tange a relacao com o passado no presente.
Forma e espaço: da relação entre composição arquitetônica e configuração espacial à luz da “Lei de Amorim” | Form and space: On the relat ionship between architectural composition and spatial configuration in light of the “Amorim’s Law”
Authors: Amorim Luiz
Published: May 2019

A relacao entre composicao arquitetonica e configuracao espacial e explorada por meio da analise do Edificio Barao do Rio Branco, obra emblematica da arquitetura moderna brasileira de autoria dos arquitetos Delfim Amorim e Heitor Maia Neto. Discute‑se a interdependencia entre os atributos da forma e da estrutura espacial segundo a ocorrencia de padroes associativos entre as funcoes genericas do espaco — ocupacao e movimento, ar e luz, a setorizacao socio‑espacial e as propriedades de adjacencia, permeabilidade e transparencia. Demonstra‑se que o principio compositivo concebido por Delfim Amorim, incorporado a normativa municipal, vulgarmente identificada como a “Lei de Amorim”, concorre para definir uma maneira peculiar de atender as funcoes genericas e, com isso associar aspectos compositivos e configuracionais.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Peradilan Gampong
Authors: Sururi Lailan , Ali Dahlan , Muttaqin Mansur Teuku
Published: May 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkapkan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa melalui peradilan gampong. Idealnya keberadaan peradilan gampong untuk memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat agar dapat menyelesaikan perselisihan dengan jalan yang lebih mudah, sesuai dengan asas peradilan cepat, sederhana dan biaya murah. Namun praktiknya, masyarakat justru lebih memilih menyelesaikan perselisihan melalui mekanisme peardilan pidana. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris dan bersifat deskriptif analitis, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa mekanisme penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan belum berjalan secara optimal. Penyelesaian perselisihan dengan peradilan gampong masih memperlihatkan lemahnya peran lembaga adat di gampong, akibat sejumlah kesepakatan lembaga penegak hukum tidak sampai hingga ke bawah. Dispute Settlement Through Gampong Court This article aims to reveal the mechanism of dispute resolution through village courts. Ideally the existence of the village court to provide facility for community to be able to resolve disputes in an easier way, in accordance with the principle of justice which is fast, simple and inexpensive. However, in practice, community prefers to resolve disputes through a criminal justice mechanism. By using an empirical juridical research method and descriptive analytical method, this study founds that the mechanism for resolving minor criminal offenses has not run optimally. Dispute resolutions through village court is still shows weaknesses particularly the role of traditional institutions, due to a number of agreements by law enforcement agencies did not reach to the lower levels.
O artista e a paisagem
Authors: Ruggeri Maria Carolina Duprat
Published: May 2019

A partir de uma perspectiva fenomenológica e tendo como foco a relação entre o artista e a paisagem, este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a correspondência entre a natureza e a natureza do artista, que se manifesta entre o espírito e a matéria, inerentes ao artista, à pintura e à natureza. Parte-se do princípio de que o artista se identifica com as paisagens eleitas e é atravessado, afetado e interrogado pela natureza em si, para transformá-la em pintura. Claude Monet foi o artista escolhido para este estudo. Para investigar a transformação que ocorre em seu processo de criação, conforme ele se desloca no espaço geográfico, me propus a estudar sua vida e obra e percorrer os diferentes lugares em que realizou as suas pinturas. Tendo a paleta como objeto de análise, pude perceber a relação entre a eleição das cores de sua pintura e as cores que se manifestam nas paisagens: cor que se desdobra em cor luz e cor matéria.
Modelos de Modernidade
Authors: Dazzi Camila
Published: May 2019

No século XIX o artista precisava se diferenciar para se destacar. Mas a imagem pessoal que construíam para si, por mais inovadora que fosse, era o resultado de um processo que tinha como referencial artistas já bem sucedidos. Nosso propósito com esse artigo é analisar alguns dos possíveis modelos de modernidade que os artistas brasileiros possuíram no século XIX, e o modo como, pautados nesses modelos, construíram as suas imagens públicas de artistas modernos. Para realizarmos essa análise, lançamos mão da fortuna crítica sobre o tema, de escritos redigidos no século XIX e de (auto)retratos dos artistas contemplados no artigo. Foi possível verificarmos que os artistas, instintivamente, ou conscientemente, entendiam a necessidade de projetar publicamente uma imagem pessoal convincente, para se diferenciarem e garantirem a atenção pública necessária para adquirir uma vantagem competitiva. A (auto)construção da imagem pública do artista era estruturada em função das circunstâncias, do país onde se encontrava, dos modelos e representações em voga, da opinião dos críticos e do mercado de arte.