bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENYULUHAN TENTANG TANDA AWAL DAN DETEKSI DINI TUMOR GANAS PAYUDARA PADA WARGA DI PUSKESMAS SEMEMI KECAMATAN BENOWO KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Nila Kurniasari  , Gondo Mastutik  , Dyah Fauziah  , Etty Hary Kusumastuti  , Alphania Rahniayu  , Anny Setijo Rahaju
Published: October 2022

Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan paling sering dan penyebab kematian tertinggi. Di Indonesia, kanker payudara juga merupakan kanker paling sering dan penyebab kematian kedua setelah kanker paru. Hal ini tejadi karena kanker payudara sering terdiagnosis pada stadium lanjut sehingga menyebabkan kegagalan pengobatan dan kematian. Kejadian kanker payudara stadium lanjut ini dapat dicegah dengan deteksi dini, namun masyarakat masih mempunyai pengetahuan yang rendah tentang tanda awal kanker payudara. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan penyuluhan tentang tanda awal dan deteksi dini tumor ganas di payudara. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 11 November 2020, diikuti oleh 91 orang ibu PKK di wilayah kerja Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat (Puskesmas) Sememi, Kecamatan Benowo Kota Surabaya. Kegiatan diawali pre-test dan pengisian kuisioner faktor risiko, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian penyuluhan melalui aplikasi zoom meeting dan diakhiri dengan post-test. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil pre-test dan post-test. Hasil
kuisioner menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman tentang tanda awal dan deteksi dini kanker payudara sebesar 6,96%. Faktor risiko  peserta menderita kanker payudara menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta penyuluhan tidak berisiko menderita kanker payudara karena tidak merokok (100%), tidak mempunyai riwayat benjolan pada payudara (97,14%), menyusui lebih dari 6 bulan (88,57%), tidak terpapar radiasi sinar X (88,57%),  mempunyai anak (85,71%), tidak mempunyai riwayat keluarga yang pernah menderita tumor atau kanker (71,43%), rutin berolah raga (60%), namun terdapat 97,14% yang berusia lebih dari 25 tahun sehingga masih mempunyai faktor risiko menderita kanker payudara. Kesimpulan. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 6.96% dan sebagain besar peserta penyuluhan tidak memiliki faktor risiko untuk terjadi kanker payudara.
AKSELERASI PENERAPAN DIGITAL GOVERNANCE DALAM MENINGKATKAN RESILIENCE (KETAHANAN) MASYARAKAT DESA DI ERA COVID-19 DI KECAMATAN RENGEL, TUBAN
Authors: Sulikah Asmorowati  , Jusuf Irianto  , Kristina Bella  , Dwi Retno Ayu Novianti
Published: October 2022

Kasus pandemi Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) hingga saat ini terus meningkat, COVID-19 di Indonesia khususnya telah menimbulkan dampak yang sangat signifikan tidak hanya pada sektor kesehatan, namun juga terhadap berbagai sektor yang bersifat multidimensional, terutama sektor perekonomian. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah berbagai kebijakan yang dibuat untuk mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia yaitu dengan adanya kebijakan pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB) dan yang saat ini sedang berjalan pemberlakukan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat (PPKM). Kebijakan ini lebih lanjut telah berdampak pada semakin lemahnya aktivitas ekonomi masyarakat, termasuk banyaknya pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) dan banyaknya masyarakat rentan yang terancam dan mudah jatuh ke dalam perangkat kemiskinan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, upaya-upaya penguatan ketahanan (resilience) masyarakat sangat diperlukan, termasuk yang berkaitan dengan membangun ketahanan ekonomi masyarakat desa yang juga terdampak pandemi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mengakselerasikan digital governance untuk memaksimalkan beberapa produk unggulan di BUMDes Sumber Makmur Abadi dan BUMDes Bulurejo Bangkit, Kecamatan Rengel, Tuban. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah ceramah, pemberian modul, pendampingan, serta pemberian fasilitas platform digital sebagai media pemasaran produk. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya ketahanan ekonomi dan kapasitas masyarakat desa. Serta produk unggulan desa dapat dikenal oleh khalayak umum.
PENDAMPINGAN DAN PELATIHAN KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN AKUNTANSI & KEUANGAN LEMBAGA MENGGUNAKAN MICROSOFT ACCESS
Authors: Rudi Santoso  , Martinus Sony Erstiawan
Published: October 2022

Pendampingan dan pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk membekali siswa/i SMK meningkatkan kompetensi keahlian akuntansi & keuangan lembaga menggunakan Microsoft Access. Kompetensi ini menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan daya saing lulusan SMK menghadapi dunia kerja. Pelatihan terbagi menjadi 3 (tiga) sesi yang terdiri atas peningkatan motivasi belajar; pengenalan dasar Microsoft Access; dan Microsoft Access for Accounting. Peserta pelatihan terdiri atas 100 siswa/i SKM Negeri 1 Grati, Pasuruan jurusan Akuntansi & Keuangan Lembaga (AKL). Evaluasi penilaian menggunakan skala 1 sampai dengan 10. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan dasar sebesar rata-rata 20% sampai dengan 40%. Pelatihan ini juga memberikan rekomendasi pelatihan lanjutan berdasarkan hasil evaluasi. Pelatihan lanjutan hasil rekomendasi dari kegiatan ini adalah Pelaporan Keuangan; Teknis Pelaporan pajak; Analisa Kebangkrutan; dan Analisa Arus Kas. Pada akhirnya, pelatihan ini membawa manfaat lanjutan bagi siswa/i SMK Negeri Grati, Pasuruan beserta jajarannya.
DIET KANTONG PLASTIK SEBAGAI BENTUK KEPEDULIAN TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Tubagus Achmad Faqih  , Fatiatun
Published: October 2022

Sampah plastik merupakan masalah yang sangat besar dan terjadi hampir di seluruh daerah Indonesia. Salah satu pencemaran lingkungan terjadi karena banyaknya sampah plastik yang sangat susah hingga memerlukan waktu sekitar 500-1000 tahun untuk bisa sacara sempurna terurai oleh mikroorganisme tanah. Di desa Bojongnangka sendiri penggunaan kantong plastik masih sangat sering dipakai dalam keseharian dan bagaimana cara yang baik dalam mengolah sampah masih sangat kurang, selain itu sampah-sampah rumah tangga masih banyak yang dibuang di sungai. Perancangan program “Diet Kantong Plastik” termasuk salah satu program sebagai bentuk kepedulian terhadap lingkungan dan menghimbau masyarakat untuk bijak dalam menggunakan kantong plastik.  Tujuan program ini adalah untuk mengajak dan menghimbau masyarakat agar lebih bijak dalam menggunakan kantong plastik. Kata diet disini memiliki makna “bijak dalam mengkonsumsi”. Program ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi penggunaan kantong plastik yang berlebihan. Strategi yang digunakan adalah edukasi dan pengarahan. Metode kegiatan yang digunakan yaitu dengan memberikan edukasi yang dilakukan secara bertahap seperti sharing permasalahan lingkungan dengan masyarakat terutama ibu-ibu yang berjumlah sekitar 100 orang. Pemberian contoh alternatif dari penggantian penggunaan kantong plastik yaitu dengan tas jinjing, dan goodie bag. Pengarahan yang dilakukan adalah rutin pertemuan untuk sharing-sharing dari program tersebut serta memantau dan mengevaluasi bagaimana program ini berjalan. Kegiatan evaluasi dilakukan dengan mengadakan pertemuan dengan responden yaitu ibu-ibu pada pertemuan selanjutnya setelah diadakan pengarahan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu penggunaan kantong plastik berkurang dan ibu-bu sudah banyak yang beralih menggunakan tas jiniing dan goodie bag.
Pembinaan dan Peningkatan Kapasitas Pelayanan bagi Para Pelayan Jemaat GPM Kayeli-Nusaniwe di Era Covid-19
Authors: Sipora B. Warella  , Belly I. Kristyowidi  , Flora Maunary  , Febrillien Matresya Matulatuwa  , Selvone Pattiserlihun  , Lendris Lekatompessy
Published: October 2022

Pandemi Covid 19 yang juga melanda kota Ambon turut memberikan dampak bagi kehidupan masyarakatnya. Berbagai dampak telah dirasakan oleh masyarakat, khususnya di wilayah Kayeli – Nusaniwe. Hal ini yang menjadi dasar bagi kelompok Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dengan memberikan pembinaan hingga pendampingan bagi mitra yaitu Jemaat Gereja Protestan Maluku (GPM) Kayeli – Nusaniwe. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah melalui pelatihan dan pembinaan, sedangkan tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini agar Jemaat memiliki kesadaran akan pentingnya hidup sehat baik secara jasmani dan rohani agar mampu bertahan (survive) di tengah kondisi pandemi covid 19 sehingga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas pelayanan dalam diri pelayan baik dalam keluarga, gereja maupun ditengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat.
PERAN KAMPUS MENGAJAR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI PADA SISWA SDN KLEPU 02, SEMARANG, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Yusida Lusiana  , Wisnu Widjanarko  , Wahyu Candra Dewi
Published: October 2022

Kampus Mengajar (KM-2) merupakan bagian dari program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) yang diusung pemerintah guna membantu para tenaga pendidik SMP dan SD dalam proses pembelajaran.  Kegiatan ini salah satunya dilangsungkan di SDN 02 Klepu, Semarang, Jawa Tengah yang diikuti oleh siswa kelas 2.  Oleh karena target treatment adalah anak kelas rendah sehingga metode pembelajaran literasi yang digunakan yakni melalui sarana permainan yakni kartu huruf, permainan kata (word game), dan baca cepat.  Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran metode belajar sambil bermain terhadap peningkatan kemampuan literasi siswa kelas 2 SDN 02 Klepu. Sudut pandang yang digunakan yakni psikologi kognitif berdasarkan teori Gestalt.  Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan studi literatur. Metode permainan tersebut berperan untuk membentuk persepsi awal pada anak dalam hal ini terkait huruf serta kata. Permainan yang diberikan kepada para siswa kelas 2 dilakukan secara bertahap.  Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa cara tersebut cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa.
Total Plate Count of Broiler Meat at Various Market in Bekasi City in March 2021
Authors: Firdausyi Aulia Amatul , Estoepangestie Agnes Theresia Soelih , Wibawati Prima Ayu , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Solikhah Tridiganita Intan , Prastiya Ragil Angga
Published: October 2022

Food-safety of broiler meat is important because broiler meat is a foodstuff that can be easily contaminated by biological hazard such as bacteria. This study aimed to determine the total plate count of broiler meat at various market in Bekasi City in March 2021. Amount of samples in this study were 40 samples of broiler meat from 10 markets, samples were taken purposively and each sample used 25 grams from Musculus pectoralis of broiler meat. Samples were examined using pour plate method of total plate count. The result showed that 80% (32 of 40 samples) were exceeded the TPC’s limit. The highest value of TPC result was 3,7 × 107 CFU/g from “H” market.
Difference Time Effect of Equilibration Before Freezing on The Quality of Spermatozoa Sapera Goats using Egg Yellow Tris
Authors: Prayogo Danu , Susilowati Suherni , Prastiya Ragil Angga , Safitri Erma , Agustono Bodhi
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to examine the effect of time differences on motility, viability, abnormality, and intact plasma membrane of spermatozoa of Sapera goats before freezing. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three settings, namely the equilibration time P1 (1 h), P2 (3 h), and P3 (4 h), each of six replications. The results of motility using One Way Anova statistical analysis through the Duncan Test were (P1) 71.50 ± 3.94, (P2) 66.00 ± 2.60, and (P3) 60.33 ± 2.42. The results of viability was (P1) 83.00 ± 6.16, (P2) 75.17 ± 4.70, and (P3) 69.00 ± 3.40. Abnormal results was (P1) 2.50 ± 0.55, (P2) 3.33 ± 1.18, and (P3) 6.50 ± 2.88. While the results of intact plasma membranes were (P1) 79.50 ± 8.50, (P2) 72.67 ± 5.28, and (P3) 65.67 ± 3.78. The conclusion of the study showed significant significant results (p<0,05) between the equilibration time and spermatozoa quality of Sapera goats before freezing. The highest presentation of motility, viability and overall plasma membrane was at an equilibration time of 1 h, while the lowest abnormality presentation was at equilibration time of 1 h.
Maggot Black Soldier Fly Supplementation on Feed to Production Performance and Business Analysis Super Native Chicken Finisher Period
Authors: Fuddin Muhammad Nazar , Lamid Mirni , Al Arif Mohammad Anam , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Hidanah Sri , Sarmanu Sarmanu
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to determine the analysis of super native chicken farm business with Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot supplementation on feed on the production performance of super native chickens, including feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion. This study used 50 super male native chickens aged 4 weeks and adapted for 1 week then randomized into five treatments, including P0 (basal feed without BSF maggot), P1 (basal feed + 2.5% BSF maggot), P2 (basal feed + 5% BSF maggot), P3 (basal feed + 7.5% BSF maggot), and P4 (basal feed + 10% BSF maggot). Statistical data analysis was processed using One Way ANOVA and followed by post hoc Duncan. The results showed that the level of feed consumption was high in treatment P4, the highest body weight gain was in P4, the lowest feed conversion was in P1. Contribution margin analysis (CM) was used to determine the benefits of the treatment in this study. 2.5% BSF (P1) maggot supplementation is recommended to increase profits.
Cancer Screening and Treatment Delays During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Role of Health Literacy in Care Re-Engagement: Findings from an NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center Sample
Authors: Keim-Malpass Jessica , Vavolizza Rick D. , Cohn Wendy F. , Kennedy Erin M. , Showalter Shayna L.
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous delays in cancer-related care and cancer-specific screening, but the extent is not fully understood. For those that experience a delay or disruption in care, health related self-management is required to re-engage in care pathways and the role of health literacy in this pathway has not been explored. The purpose of this analysis is to (1) report the frequency of self-reported delays in cancer treatment and preventative screening services at an academic, NCI-designated center during the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) investigate cancer-related care and screening delays among those with adequate and limited health literacy. A cross-sectional survey was administered from an NCI-designated Cancer Center with a rural catchment area during November 2020 through March 2021. Nearly 19 percent of participants were categorized as having limited health literacy. Twenty percent of those with a cancer diagnosis reported a delay in cancer-related care; and 23-30% of the sample reported a delay in cancer screening. In general, the proportions of delays among those with adequate and limited health literacy were similar with the exception of colorectal cacner screening. There was also a notable difference in the ability to re-engage in cervical cancer screening among those with adequate and limited health literacy. Thus, there is a role for those engaged in cancer-related education and outreach to offer additional navigation resources for those at risk to cancer-related care and screening disruptions. Future study is warranted to investigate the role of health literacy on cancer care engagement.
Pioneering Organelle Structural Biology: Golgi Apparatus Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and Cancer
Authors: Gómez-Santos Daniel Joseph
Published: October 2022

The Golgi complex (GC) dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), cancer, and organelle structural biology (OSB) can provide insights into therapeutic targets, gene therapy, and drug design. Primary defects and fragmentation within the GC are implicated in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. GC defects typically result in mislocation of proteins, accumulation of undegraded proteins, and impaired glycosylation of proteins. Inhibition of vesicular trafficking by α-synuclein (aSyn) may affect the dopamine-producing neurons and neuromodulators. GC regulates apoptosis during pathological mechanisms of neurological diseases and could provide new avenues in treatments through translation research. PD patients bearing the hereditary E46K disease mutation manifest the clinical picture of parkinsonism. How do we provide high resolution nanoimages of the GC during disease to capture dysfunction? Could we visualize the aSyn traffic jam between vesicles in the organelles ER and GC? OSB is emerging as a field as more technology advances and is more accessible. Structural studies of the GC will advance the field of neurological disease forward with an in depth understanding of dysfunction, fragmentation, and defects. Discoveries of the GC in PD, NDDs, and cancer would break new ground and provide translational medicine data of these diseases. Future research could be visualizing high angle annular dark field-STEM (HAADF-STEM) tomograms, cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET), multiplex correlative light and electron microscopy (cryo-CLEM), nanobody-assisted tissue immunostaining for volumetric EM (NATIVE) and using soft X-ray tomography (SXT) and computational reconstruction of the GC.
Omicron BA.2.75 Sublineage Follows the Expectations of the Evolution Theory: Less Negative Gibbs Energy of Biosynthesis Indicates Decreased Pathogenicity
Authors: Popovic Marko
Published: October 2022

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the group of RNA viruses with a pronounced tendency to mutate. Omicron BA.2.75 is a subvariant believed to be able to suppress the currently dominant BA.5. Omicron BA.2.75 is characterized by a greater infectivity compared to earlier Omicron variants. However, Gibbs energy of biosynthesis of virus particles is slightly less negative compared to those of other variants. Thus, the multiplication rate of Omicron BA.2.75 is lower than that of other variants. This leads to slower accumulation of newly formed virions and less damage to host cells, indicating evolution of SARS-CoV-2 towards decreasing pathogenicity.
Application of Computational Intelligence Methods in Agricultural Soil-Machine Interaction : A Review
Authors: Badgujar Chetan , Figueroa Dania Martinez , Das Sanjoy , Flippo Daniel
Published: October 2022

Soil working tools, implements, and machines are inevitable in mechanized agriculture. The soil-tool/machine interaction is a multivariate, dynamic, and intricate process. The accurate interpretation, description, and modeling of a soil-machine interaction is key to providing a solution to sustainable crop production by reducing energy input, excessive soil pulverization, and compaction. The traditional method provides insight into soil-machine interaction but often provides inadequate solutions and lacks broad applicability. Computational intelligence (CI) is a comprehensive class of approaches that rely on approximate information to solve complex problems. The CI method has been extensively studied and applied in soil tillage and traction domain in recent decades. The study critically reviews the CI techniques implemented in soil-machine interactions, especially in the context of tillage, traction, and compaction. The traditional methods and their limitation are discussed. The fundamental of CI methods and a detailed overview of the most popular methods are provided. The study reviews and summarizes the 50 selected articles on soil-machine interaction studies where CI methods were employed. It discusses the strength and limitations of employed CI methods. It also suggests the emergent CI methods and future applications are discussed. The outlined study would serve as a concise reference and a quick and systematic way to understand the applicable CI methods that allow crucial farm management decision-making.
Systematic Review of Socio-Economic Assessments of Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal Areas
Authors: Riera-Spiegelhalder Mar , Campos-Rodrigues Luís , Enseñado Elena Marie , Dekker-Arlain Janneke den , Papadopoulou Olympia , Arampatzis Stratos , Vervoort Koen
Published: October 2022

Coastal areas are highly vulnerable to climate change hazards (e.g., sea-level rise, flooding, coastal erosion), which can lead to significant impacts at the ecosystem and societal level. Interest in Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) is gaining importance due to its potential multiple benefits, including social and environmental aspects, when compared to more traditional approaches such as hard engineering interventions. When assessing EbA strategies, further understanding of the nature-society functions, processes, values, and benefits is needed to increase its application. This study contributes to a better knowledge of EbA by developing a systematic literature review of studies performing socio-economic assessments of climate change adaptation in coastal areas. The analysis of 54 publications revealed that most of the studies assessed adaptation solutions through cost-benefit analysis, followed by multi-criteria analysis, and other techniques. Hybrid adaptation strategies based on different combinations of hard, soft and EbA interventions were considered as potential optimal solutions in a significant part of the assessments. This study suggests the potential co-benefits of EbA in the form of ecosystem services, livelihood diversification or biodiversity conservation, but also stresses the need for further research on this topic, as well as on evaluating how EbA perform in the long-term under climate changing conditions scenarios.
A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Cysteine-Based Perfluorinated Derivatives
Authors: Chalán-Gualán Sisa , Ramos-Tomillero Iván , Terencio Thibault , De Lima Lola , Navas-León Daniela G. , Santiago Vispo Nelson , Albericio Fernando , Rodriguez Hortensia HR
Published: October 2022

A series of cysteine-based perfluoroaromatic (hexafluorobenzene (I) and decafluorobiphenyl (II) were synthesized and established as a chemoselective and available core to simple or more complex systems since small molecules to biomolecules with interesting properties. As proof of concept of the potential application of perfluorinated derivatives as non-cleavable linkers, some antibody-perfluorinated conjugates were prepared via thiol, demonstrating that the bioconjugation process doesn’t affect to the macromolecular entity. Besides, some molecular properties of synthesized compounds are evaluated using a combination of spectroscopic characterization (FT-IR and 19F-NMR chemical shifts) and theoretical calculations. Moreover, molecular Docking was also developed to predict cysteine-based hexafluorobenzene and decafluorobiphenyl derivatives’ affinity against topoisomerase Il and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The results suggested that mainly cysteine-based decafluorobiphenyl derivatives could be potential topoisomerase II α and COX-2 inhibitors, becoming potential anticancer agents and candidates for anti-inflammatory treatment.
Bayesian Molecular Dating Analyses Combined with Mutational Profiling Suggest an Independent Origin and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Sub-lineages
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Kaushik Rahul , Singh Ashutosh , Uversky Vladimir N. , Zhang Kam Y. J. , Sahu Upasana , Bhatia Sandeep , Sanyal Aniket
Published: October 2022

The ongoing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the recent emergence of a highly divergent variant of concern (VOC) defined as Omicron or B.1.1.529. This VOC is of particular concern because it has the potential to evade most therapeutic antibodies and has undergone a sustained genetic evolution, resulting in the emergence of five distinct sub-lineages. However, the evolutionary dynamics of initially identified Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages remain poorly understood. Herein, we combined Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, mutational profiling, and selection pressure analysis to track virus genetic changes that drive the early evolutionary dynamics of the Omicron. Based on the Omicron dataset chosen for the improved temporal signals and sampled globally between November 2021 and January 2022, most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and substitution rates for BA.1 were estimated to be 18 September 2021 (95% highest posterior density (HPD) 04 August – 22 October 2021) and 1.435×10-3 (95% HPD = 1.021×10-3 – 1.869×10-3) substitution/site/year, respectively, whereas 03 November 2021 (95% highest posterior density (HPD) 26 September – 28 November 2021) and 1.074×10-3 (95% HPD = 6.444×10-4 – 1.586×10-3) substitution/site/year for BA.2 sub-lineage. The findings of this study suggest that the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages originated independently and evolved over time. Furthermore, we identified multiple sites in spike protein undergoing continued diversifying selection that may alter the neutralization profile of BA.1. This study shed light on the ongoing global genomic surveillance and Bayesian molecular dating analyses to better understand the evolutionary dynamics the virus and, as a result, mitigate the impact of emerging variants on public health.
The impact of practitioners’ personality traits on their level of systems-thinking skills preferences
Authors: Nagahi Morteza , Jaradat Raed , Goerger Simon , Hamilton Michael , Buchanan Randy , Abutabenjeh Sawsan , Ma Junfeng
Published: October 2022

In this study, we used a structural equation modeling method to investigate the relationship between systems engineers and engineering managers’ Systems-Thinking (ST) skills preferences and their Personality Traits (PTs) in the domain of complex system problems. As organizations operate in more and more turbulent and complex environments, it has become increasingly important to assess the ST skills preferences and PTs of engineers. The current literature lacks studies related to the impact of systems engineers and engineering managers’ PTs on their ST skills preferences, and this study aims to address this gap. A total of 99 engineering managers and 104 systems engineers provided the data to test four hypotheses posed in this study. The results show that the PTs of systems engineers and engineering managers have a positive impact on their level of ST skills preferences and that the education level, the current occupation type, and the managerial experience of the systems engineers and engineering managers moderate the main relationship in the study.
Petrology, Physical Properties, and Diagenetic Characteristics of Glutenite Reservoir: An Example from the Upper Urho Formation in Zhongguai Salient, Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Zhao Kang , Zhang Changming , Huang Liliang , He Wenjun , Feng Youlun , Shuang Qi , Pan Jin
Published: October 2022

The Upper Urho Formation on the northwest margin of the Junggar Basin is a key formation for oil and gas exploration. Based on the core observation, combined with the analysis of cast thin section, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrum, X-ray diffraction, fluid inclusion, and porosity-permeability test, the petrological characteristics, physical properties, diagenesis types, and their effects on the physical properties of the glutenite reservoir of Upper Urho Formation were studied systematically. The results show that the lithology of reservoir of the Upper Urho Formation in Zhongguai Salient is mainly conglomerate with a small amount of sandstone. The permeability of conglomerate is generally higher than that of sandstone, and the physical properties of granule conglomerate and fine pebble conglomerate are relatively better. The reservoir experienced complicated diagenesis, mainly including compaction, cementation, and dissolution, also including filler shrink seam and metasomatism. At present, the reservoir of Upper Urho Formation in Zhongguai Salient is mainly at the middle diagenetic stage A period and partly at the middle diagenetic stage B period. The original porosity lost by compaction is the largest, which is the fundamental reason for low porosity and low permeability of reservoir. The influence of cementation on reservoir physical properties has two sides. On the one hand, the development of cementation is the main reason for low porosity and low permeability of reservoir. On the other hand, the early cementation resists compaction to a certain extent and provides a material basis for the later dissolution. The reservoir of Upper Urho Formation in Zhongguai Salient is deeply buried and has experienced strong compaction and cementation, and the reservoir properties are poor, but the secondary pore space formed by dissolution improves the reservoir properties to some extent. The study concluded that the dense glutenite reservoirs of the Upper Urho Formation can develop relatively high-quality reservoirs on a local scale, which is of guiding significance for the exploration of the Upper Urho Formation.
Tectono-Thermal History of the Neoarchean Balehonnur Shear Zone, Western Dharwar Craton (Southern India)
Authors: Tarun Kumar B. , Jayananda M. , Nasipuri P. , Guitreau Martin , Aadhiseshan K. R. , Rao S. V. Balaji Manasa , Thomas T. Tarun , Satyanarayanan M.
Published: October 2022

A widely spaced Neoarchean shear zone network traverses the granite-greenstone terrains of the Western Dharwar craton (WDC). The NNW-SSE trending Balehonnur shear zone traverses the largest part of the preserved tilted Archean crustal ensemble in the Western Dharwar craton (WDC) from the amphibolite-granulite transition in the south to greenschist facies in the north and eventually concealed under Deccan lava flows. Published tectonic fabrics data and kinematic analysis, with our data reveal a sinistral sense of shearing that effectuate greenstone sequences, Tonalite-Trondhjemite-Granodiorite Gneisses (TTG), and Koppa granite as reflected in variable deformation and strain localization. A profound increase of strain towards the core of the shear zone in the ca. 2610 Ma Koppa granite is marked by a transition from weak foliation outside the shear zone through the development of C-S structures and C-prime fabrics, mylonite to ultramylonite. The mineral assemblages in the Koppa granite and adjoining greenstone indicate near peak P-T conditions of 1.2 Gpa, 775-800°C following a slow cooling path of 1.0 GPa and 650°C. Field-based tectonic fabrics data together with U-Pb zircon ages reveal that the Koppa granite emplaced along the contact zone of Shimoga-Bababudan basin ca. 2610 Ma, coinciding with the emplacement of ca. 2600 Ma Arsikere-Banavara, Pandavpura, and Chitradurga granites further east which mark the stabilization of WDC. Significant variation in major element oxide (SiO2 = 56-69 wt.%) together with high content of incompatible elements (REE, Nb, Zr, and Y) and high zircon crystallization temperatures (~1000°C) of Koppa granite suggests derivation by partial melting of composite sources involving enriched uppermost mantle and lower crust. The development of widely spaced shear zones is probably linked to the assembly of eastern and western blocks through westward convergence of hot oceanic lithosphere against already cratonized thick colder western block leading to the development of strain heterogeneities between greenstone and TTGs due to their different mineral assemblages leading to rheological contrast in the cratonic lithologies.
Deep Electrical Structure of the Qilian Orogenic Belt with Dynamic Implications for the Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Revealed by 3D Magnetotelluric Inversion Using Unstructured Tetrahedral Elements
Authors: Kang Jianqiang , Han Jiangtao , Gao Rui , Xin Zhonghua , Liu Lijia , Meng Fanwen
Published: October 2022

We present the results of a magnetotelluric (MT) array across the Qilian orogenic belt to elucidate the uplift mechanism of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (Qinghai-Tibet Plateau). The array extends from the Qaidam basin in the south to the southern edge of the Alxa block in the north. Using the three-dimensional (3D) inversion of MT data based on unstructured tetrahedral elements, the electrical structure 100 km below the orogenic belt is obtained. The results show that there are high-resistivity bodies in the lithospheric mantle of the North Qilian and Hexi Corridor, which may represent the trace of southward subduction of the Asian lithosphere. Besides, there are partially molten bodies with low resistivity in the middle and lower crust below the Qilian orogenic belt, which may be caused by tectonic heat. The melt fraction of low-resistivity bodies is 2-5%, which indicates that the crustal flow from the Qiangtang and Songpan-Ganzi blocks is unable to penetrate beneath the Qilian orogenic belt. The low-resistivity bodies beneath the Qilian orogenic belt decouples the upper crust from the middle-lower crust. Owing to the continuous compression, the decoupled middle-lower crust has subsequently driven the northward movement of the upper crust, resulting in the uplift of the Qilian orogenic belt.
Fine-Scale Three-Dimensional Characterization of a Reservoir Comprising Braided River Sand Bodies with a Complex Stacking Pattern in a Cratonic Basin
Authors: Lou Jingyao , Zhao Zhongxiang , Shao Yanlin , Li Yang , Xu Xiaohong , He Youbin
Published: October 2022

The complex stacking pattern of braided river sand bodies in the cratonic basins results in a multilevel and multistage spatial distribution of reservoir units, which increases the difficulty of characterizing the spatial distribution pattern of reservoir parameters. Therefore, when characterizing the spatial regularity of this type of reservoir, it is necessary to consider the stacking pattern of the sand bodies to select the constraints. In this paper, the He 8 section of the Sulige 120 area in the Ordos Basin, China, is taken as an example. First, based on analysis of the development scale and genetic type of sand bodies in the area, four sand body stacking patterns and plan-view distribution patterns are identified. Second, a study on how to improve the accuracy of braided river sand body models is carried out, and a sand body model is established. Finally, a three-dimensional model of reservoir properties is established by using the sequential Gaussian simulation method under the constraint of the phase control model. The model results show that the three-dimensional model of the sand bodies established by the multipoint geostatistical method has better connectivity and is more suitable for constructing sand body models under complex sand body stacking conditions. The training images established by the target body method can clearly identify the boundary of the main channel of the braided river and solve the discontinuity of the sand body distribution. The reservoir model established under the constraint of the sand body model can effectively simulate the nonhomogeneity in the reservoir parameters, which can play a crucial role in accurately predicting the porosity and permeability distribution patterns of reservoirs with complex sand body stacking pattern. The present study provides a new idea for characterizing complexly stacked sand body reservoirs in a cratonic basin.
Improving Run Life in PCP Wells with CO2 and H2S Concentrations Using Tungsten-Alloy-Coated Rods and Couplings
Authors: Al Asmi Azzan , Landgraf Christian , Al Abri Hilal , Montilla Benigno , Caridad Jose , Perez Pedro , Wyninegar William
Published: October 2022

The company Petrogas E&P was established in 1999 by acquiring onshore block 7 in Oman. Over 23 years, Petrogas E&P has continuously grown by acquiring several blocks in Oman, India, Mozambique, Egypt, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark and in the United Kingdom.

The main operations are in Oman, Netherlands and in the UK. Since 2007, Petrogas is the operator of Rima Cluster small fields in southern Oman. Artificial lift, mainly rod driven Progressive Cavity Pumps (PCPs) and Beam Pumps (BPs), is required to produce oil with an average specific gravity of 21 °API to surface. Parted rods are the main reasons of well failures and rods present the weakest part of the completion. Some of the wells in Petrogas Rima show high angles of inclination, complex trajectories and certain levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) & carbon dioxide (CO2). Completion failures due to parted rods lead to production deferment and workover interventions because of required rod string replacement. In general, sucker rods are made of a certain grade of steel and these steels are prone to corrosion in an aggressive environment due to the presence of carbon dioxide and sulfide in the crude oil.

A coating solution for sucker rods and couplings was implemented to reduce the influence of corrosive environment in some wells. The lower coefficient of friction resulting from the coating reduces the abrasion between the coupling and the tubing. In that way, the risk of tubing holes can be reduced. After a coating solution was implemented in selected problematic wells, the rod run life could in average been tripled with no failures observed as of this writing.
Dopamine error signal to actively cope with lack of expected reward
Authors: Ishino Seiya , Kamada Taisuke , Sarpong Gideon , Kitano Julia , Tsukasa Reo , Mukohira Hisa , Sun Fangmiao , Li Yulong , Kobayashi Kenta , Honda Naoki , Oishi Naoya , Ogawa Masaaki
Published: October 2022

To obtain more of a particular uncertain reward, animals must learn to actively overcome the lack of reward and adjust behaviour to obtain it again. The neural mechanisms underlying such coping with reward omission remain unclear. Here we developed a task in rats to monitor active behavioural switch toward the next reward after no-reward. We discovered that some dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area exhibited increased responses to unexpected reward omission and decreased responses to unexpected reward, following the opposite responses of the well-known dopamine neurons that signal reward prediction error (RPE). The dopamine increase reflected in the nucleus accumbens correlated with behavioural adjustment to actively overcome unexpected no-reward. We propose that these responses signal error to actively cope with lack of expected reward. The dopamine error signal thus cooperates with the RPE signal, enabling adaptive and robust pursuit of uncertain reward to ultimately obtain more reward.
T cell activation, immune synapse formation, and organ infiltration by leukemic T cells require cortactin
Authors: Castellanos-Martínez Ramón , León-Vega Iliana I. , Guerrero-Fonseca Idaira M. , Vargas-Robles Hilda , Jiménez-Camacho Karina E. , Hernández-Galicia Gabriela , Ortiz-Navarrete Vianney F. , Rottner Klemens , Medina-Contreras Oscar , Schnoor Michael
Published: October 2022

T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that is still fatal in many cases. T cell blasts are characterized by hyperactivation and strong proliferative and migratory capacities. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in mediating malignant T cell properties and cortactin has been shown to control CXCR4 surface localization in T-ALL cells. We have previously shown that cortactin overexpression is correlated with organ infiltration and relapse in B-ALL. However, the role of cortactin in T cell biology and T-ALL remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the functional relevance of cortactin for T cell activation and migration and the implications for T-ALL development. We found that cortactin is upregulated in response to TCR engagement and recruited to the immune synapse in normal T cells. Loss of cortactin caused reduced IL-2 production and proliferation. Cortactin-depleted T cells showed defects in immune synapse formation and migrated less due to impaired actin polymerization in response to TCR and CXCR4 stimulation. Leukemic T cells expressed much higher levels of cortactin compared to normal T cells that correlated with greater migratory capacity. Xenotransplantation assays in NSG mice revealed that cortactin-depleted human leukemic T cells colonized the bone marrow significantly less and failed to infiltrate the central nervous system suggesting that cortactin overexpression drives organ infiltration, which is a major complication of T-ALL relapse. Thus, cortactin could serve as a potential therapeutic target for T-ALL and other pathologies involving aberrant T cell responses.
Characterization of a unique Sikkimese yak population of India: A Multivariate approach
Authors: AGGARWAL RAK , Kour Aneet , GANDHI R.S. , NIRANJAN SAKET , PAUL VIJAY , BHUTIA TENZING LOBSANG , BHUTIA KARMA DOMA
Published: October 2022

Native Sikkimese yak in Sikkim state of India is a pastoral treasure being raised through centuries-old transhumance practices and has evolved in response to natural and man-made selection. Currently, the population of Sikkimese yak is at risk with about five thousand total headcounts. Characterization is essential for taking appropriate decisions for conservation of any endangered population. In an attempt to characterize the Sikkimese yaks, this study recorded phenotypic morphometric traits information viz. body length (LG), Height at withers (HT), Heart Girth (HG), Paunch Girth (PG), Horn Length (HL), Horn Circumference (HC), Distance between Horns (DbH), Ear Length (EL), Face Length (FL), Face Width (FW) and Tail Length with Switch (TL) on 2154 yaks of both sexes. Multivariate approach used to analyze the recorded data revealed high positive correlations between HG and PG in both the sexes and three principal components (PCs) were found to explain more than 70 percent of the population variance cumulatively. Subsequently, discriminant analysis indicated an overall genetic uniformity within Sikkimese yak population. Phenotypic characterization of Sikkimese yaks can further pave the way for preparing future conservation strategy.
Effectiveness of Antenatal Dexamethasone in Reducing Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Mortality in Preterm Neonates: a Nested Case Control Study
Authors: Kibanga Wema , Mutagonda Ritah F. , Moshiro Robert , Mareale Alphonce , Kilonzi Manase , JMlyuka Hamu , Mikomangwa Wigilya P , Kunambi Peter P. , Kamuhabwa Appolinary , Minzi Omary Mashiku
Published: October 2022

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of preterm neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. Measures like the use of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) and immediate resuscitation of the newborn after birth are taken to abate preterm related complications. Most studies that evidenced the benefit of ACS were done in high resource settings. However, some studies in low resource settings reported no benefit of ACS in improving preterm neonatal outcomes. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ACS in reducing RDS and neonatal mortality in preterm neonates in resource-limited settings.
Methods: A three months nested case-control study (1:2 unmatched) was conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital and Amana regional referral hospital in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. Neonates delivered at 28 to 34 gestational weeks were enrolled and followed up until discharge. Cases were neonates with RDS and controls were those without. Data analysis was done using the statistical package of social sciences version 23. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of RDS among preterm neonates. All tests were considered statistically significant at p <0.05.
Results: Out of 330 preterm neonates enrolled, 110 were cases and 220 were controls. The median gestational age at delivery was 30 weeks and 6 days (28-34) among cases and 33 weeks (28-34) among controls. One-minute APGAR score of less than 7 (AOR: 3.11; 95% CI 1.54-6.30), and neonatal birth weight (AOR: 0.998; 95% CI 0.997-0.999) were significantly associated with RDS. No significant association was observed between ACS exposure and RDS occurrence (AOR: 0.81; 95% CI 0.69-0.94). The overall mortality rate was 9 per 1000 neonates. Neonatal mortality occurred only among cases whereby, a unit increase in gestational age was associated with a 30% reduction in neonatal mortality (Adjusted hazard ratio, AHR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.5-0.92, p=0.011).
Conclusion: Decrease in gestational age, one minute APGAR score of < 7 and low birth weight were associated with RDS among preterm neonates. ACS was not associated with reduced RDS occurrence and neonatal mortality rates. Moreover, increase in gestation age was the only factor found to be protective against preterm neonatal mortality.
Eye2Gene: prediction of causal inherited retinal disease gene from multimodal imaging using deep-learning
Authors: Pontikos Nikolas , Woof William , Veturi Advaith , Javanmardi Behnam , Ibarra-Arellano Miguel , Hustinx Alexander , Moghul Ismail , Liu Yichen , Heß Kristina , Georgiou Michalis , Pfau Maximilian , Shah Mital , Yu Jing , Al-Khuzaei Saoud , Wagner Siegfried , Varela Malena Daich , de Guimarães Thales Cabral , Sen Sagnik , Kabiri Nathaniel , Nguyen Quang , Furman Jennifer , Liefers Bart , Lee Aaron , De Silva Samantha , Texeira Caio , Motta Fabiana , Fujinami-Yokokawa Yu , Arno Gavin , Fujinami Kaoru , Sallum Juliana , Madhusudhan Savita , Downes Susan , Holz Frank , Balaskas Konstantinos , Webster Andrew , Mahroo Omar , Krawitz Peter , Michaelides Michel
Published: October 2022

Rare eye diseases such as inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are challenging to diagnose genetically. IRDs are typically monogenic disorders and represent a leading cause of blindness in children and working-age adults worldwide. A growing number are now being targeted in clinical trials, with approved treatments increasingly available. However, access requires a genetic diagnosis to be established sufficiently early. Critically, the timely identification of a genetic cause remains challenging. We demonstrate that a deep-learning algorithm, Eye2Gene, trained on the largest imaging dataset of patients with IRDs currently available, provides expert-level accuracy for genetic diagnosis for the 36 most common molecular causes (top-5 accuracy = 85.6%). This algorithm has been deployed online (app.eye2gene.com) and externally validated on data provided by four different clinical centers. Eye2Gene can facilitate access to diagnostic expertise, only currently available in a limited number of specialist centers globally, and thereby dramatically accelerate the genetic diagnostic odyssey.
Too many dogs in the park I: Comparing four methods for estimating the abundance of open populations of free-ranging dogs in the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Biosphere Reserve, Mexico.
Authors: Reina-Ponce Orlando , Weber Manuel , Perez-Jimenez Juan Carlos , Zapata-Rios Galo
Published: October 2022

The Tehuacan Cuicatlan Biosphere Reserve (TCBR), encompasses several human settlements, in addition to a garbage dump that serves as the main subsidy to maintain populations of free-ranging dogs (FRD) and feral dogs (FD), Canis lupus familiaris. Little is known about the best monitoring methods to estimate population indicators of FRD. Four monitoring methods were applied: one method applied exclusively for the garbage dump, and three different methods in two sampling sites, over the same spatial scale, to estimate the population indicators that guide decision-making on mitigation measures in the presence of FRD in protected natural areas (PNA). FRD monitoring is an essential activity for the management and control of their free-living populations, mainly in PNA, where they can become harmful to the environment. Through the application of four different monitoring methods to estimate FRD population indicators, we determined which of these are best adapted to varied sampling efforts. Traditional monitoring methods and, specifically, the capture-mark-recapture method applied to FRD are mainly designed for closed populations. Due to the complexity of free-living monitoring, and since FRD are reclusive in the presence of humans, we adapted a method for an open population at a landfill, mainly based on a study conducted in India. The four methods used in FRD monitoring in open populations show advantages and disadvantages, but we consider that in some situations (e.g., costs, execution time, materials, etc.) the capture-mark-recapture (C-M-R) model based on photographs and individual identification best fits most sampling models in relation to sampling effort, analysis, and expected outcomes.