bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bearing surface defect detection based on improved convolutional neural network
Authors: Fu Xian , Yang Xiao , Zhang Ningning , Zhang RuoGu , Zhang Zhuzhu , Jin Aoqun , Ye Ruiwen , Zhang Huiling
Published: May 2023

This paper addresses the issue of artificial visual inspection being overly reliant on subjective experience and the difficulty for the human eye to accurately identify dense and non-significant defects. To solve this problem, we have implemented an automatic object detection algorithm based on an improved version of YOLOv5.First, we use the K-means++ clustering algorithm to automatically calculate the Anchor of the model to reduce the effect of the close location of the initial clustering centers on the clustering of the sample data.Second, we add the Coordinate Attention (CA) attention mechanism to the model to allow the model to better capture and understand important features in the images. Then, we add a new detection layer with a downsampling multiplier of 4 to the Neck network to improve the precision of the model. Finally, we use the lightweight network MobileNetV3 instead of YOLOv5's backbone network to reduce the model detection time overhead.Our model achieves 85.87% mAP, which is 6.44% better than the YOLOv5 network, and the detection time for a single image is only 54ms, which is 50% faster than the YOLOv5 network. After testing, we have proven that our proposed algorithm can quickly and accurately detect the condition of bearing appearance defects, improving detection efficiency and reducing costs.
Government bond market risk-return trade-off
Authors: Christiansen Charlotte , Savva Christos S.
Published: May 2023

We analyze the risk-return trade-off for international (France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, UK, and US) government bond markets and the US stock market. We measure risk by the higher order moments (volatility, skewness, and excess kurtosis) as they are defined in Savva and Theodossiou (2018). There is no risk-return trade-off when considering a linear relationship between returns and risk. We consider good and bad volatility separately as defined by threshold regressions and find non-linear risk-return trade-off, that is negative for large lagged returns.
Development of an Integrated Library Management System (ILMS)
Authors: Ayo Eliza B. , Jotic Rommel N. , Raqueño Avelina , Loresca John Vincent G. , Mendoza Irene F. , Baroña Princess Vanessa M.
Published: May 2023

Abstract— This document presents the design and development of an integrated library management system based on the needs assessment conducted in response to technology, infrastructure, existing condition, facilities, technology readiness of human resources, automation sufficiency level, and support of technical staff among ninety-eight (98) respondents using the descriptive developmental method.  
Developing a system based on research is crucial in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the system. This approach addresses specific problems or challenges by incorporating evidence-based practices and the latest advancements in the field.
The findings include the need to mentor the respondents on how to use technology and the influence of others as a factor in using technology. There is a difficulty encountered in navigating schools’ virtual libraries, unavailability of materials, and visiting it is not enticing anymore since information is available from the internet. The rarity of introducing new technology and the absence of 3D printers are common pain points. However, improvements on the library website, email/chat with a librarian, online research guides, online book reservations, and book delivery service were noticed. Research gaps and recommendations from the selected Library Management System were also employed as additional input in the development of the system. A deeper understanding of the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Robotics, and Embedded Systems through training, webinars, and workshops are necessary for the librarian. These technologies could be applied in library operations and transactions. Procurement of the latest equipment which includes 3D printers and the development of integrated library systems are steps to take to improve the library's services and operation. By combining the results of assessments and incorporating new knowledge derived from research gaps and recommendations, provided a stronger foundation for the system. It also provides validation and grounding in scientific principles, ensuring that the system is well-informed and effective in its implementation. Ultimately, developing a system based on research leads to more informed and effective solutions to pain points and challenges.
Design of a Mobile App to Monitor and Control in Real Time Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Peru
Authors: Ocares-Cunyarachi Lilian , Andrade-Arenas Laberiano
Published: May 2023

Diabetes in the world is a big problem. In addition, in Peru there are high cases of diabetes mellitus type 2, this happens due to insulin resistance, which causes damage to muscle, liver. In addition to the fact that the fat cells do not generate insulin correctly is because the body needs to generate more insulin so that glucose can enter the cells. Due to the problem that exists, a solution to the problem was sought with the objective of developing the design of a mobile application to monitor in real time, in such a way that it helps patients with diabetes to have a good monitoring plan. The methodology developed in the research is Design Thinking as it fits perfectly to the solution of the problems of society which was successfully developed using the phases of empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping and finally testing. As a result, the design of the mobile application to monitor and control in real time patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in Peru was obtained. In addition, obtained data on diabetes in Peru verified by the Ministry of Health, such as the results of registered cases of diabetes in Peru 2022, type of diabetes that develop in Peru on a large scale, type of diabetes in men and women. The complications that arise in the progression of the disease in addition to the cases of records according to sex and period of the year 2020 to 2022. Also, the cases presented diabetes throughout Peru therefore a survey was conducted where professors of the Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades were conducted to qualify the prototypes for development which returned favorable results for implementation.
Parental Involvement in Digital Learning: Mother’s Experiences of Elementary School Students
Authors: Amelia Rizky , Zamzani  , Mustadi Ali , Ghufron Anik , Suriansyah Ahmad , Aslamiah
Published: May 2023

After the implementation of the school closure policy, parents are acclimating to studying with their children due to the effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study thoroughly discusses the involvement of parents in a child’s digital education, especially the experience of the mothers with elementary school students. The survey approach and qualitative methods are used to obtain 277 respondents from the population of parents in Berau, Indonesia. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Square (PLS) are the data analysis technique used with the help of SmartPLS software version 3. The results shows that the direction of the relationship between the use of gadgets and maternal involvement is positive, hence the hypothesis decision is accepted. The digital learning of children includes letter and number recognition, reading, learning to count, coloring, drawing, playing educational games, and studying. Some of the mothers’ involvement includes explaining websites accessible by children to communicate politely on social media. These results are valuable insights for parents in providing involvement in digital learning for elementary school students.
A Comprehensive Study on Student Academic Performance Predictions Using Graph Neural Network
Authors: Neha Kandula , Kumar Ram , Sankat Monica
Published: May 2023

Predicting student performance becomes tougher thanks to the big volume of information in educational databases. Currently, in many regions, the shortage of existing system to investigate and monitor the coded progress and performance isn't being addressed. First, the study on existing prediction methods remains insufficient to spot the foremost suitable methods for predicting the performance of scholars in many institutions. Second is because of the shortage of investigations on the factors affecting student achievements particularly courses within specified context. Therefore, a systematic literature review on predicting student performance by using data processing techniques is proposed to enhance student achievements. The objective of this work is to supply an outline on the info techniques to predict student performance. Previous studies have extensively reported on optimizing performance predictions to highlight risky students and promote the achievement of good students. There are also contributions that overlap with various research fields.
Challenges and Opportunities to the Media and Entertainment Industry in Metaverse
Authors: Kour Manjit , Rani Kavita
Published: May 2023

Metaverse is the buzz word in the entertainment and media industry. Metaverse is a virtual world that offers another dimension for interacting with other users. It acts as a tool to complement the actual world by means of holograms and avatars. It has developed as an updated and embodied version of the internet. It is expected to be a highly immersive experience that is prodigious, new, and a successor to the mobile internet. In this chapter, the main study focus will be on the emerging opportunities and challenges to the metaverse in media and entertainment industry and will provide more detailed scoping review of the concept. The findings from the literature conceptualize the prevailing opportunities and upcoming challenges for metaverse in media and entertainment industry and offer guidance in the form of future research directions.
Pedagogy for Implementation of TVET Curriculum for the Digital World
Authors: George Williams Kennedy , Ekong Mfon Okon , Pandey Digvijay , Pandey Binay Kumar
Published: May 2023

Education is a process of updating the knowledge and skills of the individual that will be useful to himself or herself and to the community. Teaching and learning are products of education that gradually metamorphosed from the initial rote learning through a system that employed the use of writing to the use of highly sophisticated digital technology in facilitating the development of human skills and knowledge-bank. The present educational system in Nigeria with its emphasis on technical vocational education and training (TVET), if firmly rooted in its curriculum implementation, can be perceived as the most potent instrument that can be used to bring about desirable change or development of a viable educational system in this ever-growing world.
Impact of Neuromarketing on Consumer Psychology in Digitally Connected Networks
Authors: Swapna H. R.  , Bigirimana Emmanuel , Madaan Geetika , Hasan Asif , Pandey Binay Kumar , Pandey Digvijay
Published: May 2023

This study aims to explore and explain the history of neuromarketing, techniques, examples, pros and cons of neuromarketing, major limitations, as well as its major findings and draw conclusions for its future development. This is a theoretical chapter. An extensive literature research was done for its goals. Additionally, to provide more clarity on the influence of neuromarketing, researchers employing neuromarketing technologies combined existing information from multiple literatures. In this study, the authors realized that the consumer's psychology has been and is still being affected by the digital world where neuromarketers manipulate consumer's choosing capacities towards a product through digital network advertising. However, it has been discovered that researchers are still working on it, to figure out a significant scientific solution to the existing problems, such as privacy and price of equipment(tools) to be used. This chapter might be useful for neuroeconomics theorists and practitioners who wish to learn more about neuromarketing technology.
The Potential of Influencer Marketing in the Emerging Metaverse
Authors: Kouchih Abdelouahid , Mataa Hanane
Published: May 2023

This chapter explores the emergence of the metaverse, a virtual space that simulates the physical world and allows users to interact with each other. With the metaverse rapidly gaining popularity, influencer marketing has become a new opportunity for brands to increase their reach, create immersive brand experiences, and collect valuable data and insights. However, there are also challenges associated with influencer marketing in the metaverse, such as lack of data privacy and ensuring influencer authenticity. This chapter aims to answer the research question of how businesses can effectively leverage influencer marketing in the metaverse to achieve their marketing objectives. The study examines the characteristics of the metaverse, different types of influencer marketing that can be applied, and the challenges and opportunities that brands face when implementing influencer marketing in the metaverse. The chapter aims to provide valuable insights for companies looking to take advantage of this new environment.
Power of Social Media Influencer Credibility on the Influence of Brand Attitude
Authors: Saini Shweta , Bansal Rohit
Published: May 2023

In the past few years, brands have been spending exponentially on social media influencers. Because of influencers' large following and the content, they post on social media platforms, and nowadays, this has become one of the most emerging marketing strategies. The current study aims to explore the components and importance of influencers' credibility and its influence on brand attitude. The present study is based on secondary data. Data were gathered from various secondary sources like articles and books from several databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, etc. and the internet (websites of relevant disciplines). The findings reveal the power of influencers' credibility and how it helps brands. This study has implications for academicians, marketers, and future researchers to have an idea about influencers and existing studies related to them.
Desarrollo agrícola y artesanal en la Hacienda Calera de Tango de los Jesuitas: Siglos XVII y XVIII
Authors: Caiceo Escudero Jaime
Published: May 2023

Entre 1593 y 1767, los jesuitas promovieron el desarrollo agrícola e industrial en el Chile central; para ello adquirieron la Hacienda Calera de Tango en 1685. Esta hacienda tenía unas minas de cal en el cerro Lonquén, lo cual le interesó a los nuevos propietarios por la explotación minera. En 1748 llegaron jesuitas alemanes, quienes instalaron talleres de artes manuales, transformando el lugar en un importante centro artístico e industrial. Instalaron, además, una viña y una bodega con avanzada tecnología en 1750. Para regar construyeron canales para sacar agua desde el río Maipo; ello ayudó a diversificar la producción agrícola.
Percepção de segurança de frequentadores de academias: uma perspectiva pós 3º pico de infecção por covid-19
Authors: Talina Paula , Ribeiro Nayana , Franchini Emerson , Marques Marcelo
Published: May 2023

Em 2020, o vírus da COVID-19 chegou no Brasil e atingiu uma grande parte do território nacional. Dentre as medidas de segurança para evitar a disseminação, ocorreu o fechamento de comércios não essenciais, como as academias de ginástica. Contudo, afirma-se que a prática de exercício físico auxilia na prevenção da COVID-19. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de segurança de frequentadores de academias climatizadas da cidade de Manaus-AM quanto ao contágio da COVID-19 nesses ambientes. Para a pesquisa foi elaborado um questionário autoaplicado abordando aspectos psicossociais, de saúde e comportamentais. Análises descritivas foram adotadas para as variáveis ​​categóricas e ​​numéricas. A associação foi testada aplicando o Teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o teste Exato de Fisher. A significância foi estabelecida em 5%. Para 151 respondentes, a percepção de ocupação do espaço, a satisfação com a academia, o medo de morrer, a auto percepção de saúde e ser portador de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis foram variáveis que apresentaram associação com a percepção de segurança (p < 0,05 para todas as variáveis). Apesar de as academias cumprirem com as recomendações dos órgãos reguladores, aspectos pessoais influenciaram mais na percepção de segurança ao frequentar academias climatizadas de Manaus.
Risk factors for dating violence among undergraduates in selected state universities in the Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando H. , Balasuriya A. , Jayawardana P.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Dating violence (DV) is an important public health concern globally, although it has been given a low level of recognition in Sri Lanka.
Objectives: To determine risk factors for DV among undergraduates in selected universities in Western Province, Sri Lanka
Methods: A case control study (Phase II) was conducted as part of a large study (Phase I). Cases and controls were those with and without DV among those who reported heterosexual relationships for a duration of six months or more before the survey. Computed sample size was 200 in each group. Cases and controls were randomly selected from Phase I. Data were collected using a validated, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were determined using multiple logistic regression.
Results: Risk factors identified were female sex (AOR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 6.1; p=0.03), father's low educational level (AOR=3.1; 95% CI: 1.2, 7.6; p=0.02), presence of community violence (AOR=8.5; 95% CI: 3.2, 22.2; p<0.01), watching pornography (AOR=19.8; 95% CI: 7.7, 50.8; p<0.01) and sexual abuse in childhood (AOR=22; 95% CI: 3.1, 154.8; p<0.01). Spending time with friends (AOR=0.1; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.3; p<0.01) was a protective factor. Presence of family conflicts (p=0.4), monthly income below Rs. 25000/= (p=0.4), non-engagement in extracurricular activities (p=0.4) and substance abuse of the respondents (p=0.8) were not significantly associated with dating violence.
Conclusions & Recommendations: Sex, paternal education, community violence, pornography and childhood sexual abuse were the risk factors identified of DV. It is recommended to help undergraduates to handle exposure to factors in the surrounding environment which promotes development of violent ideas.
Cancer Cells Promote Immune Regulatory Function of Macrophages by Upregulating Scavenger Receptor MARCO Expression
Authors: Gu Chao , Wiest Matthew , Zhang Wei , Halder Kuntal , Zurawski Sandy , Zurawski Gerard , Joo HyeMee , Oh SangKon
Published: May 2023

Expression of macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) by tumor-associated macrophages is associated with poor prognosis of multiple types of cancer. In this article, we report that cancer cells (e.g., breast cancer and glioblastoma cell lines) can upregulate surface MARCO expression on human macrophages not only via IL-6–induced STAT3 activation but also via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR)-mediated IL-6 and IL-10 expression followed by STAT3 activation. We further found that MARCO ligation induces activation of the MEK/ERK/p90RSK/CREB signaling cascade, leading to IL-10 expression followed by STAT3-dependent PD-L1 upregulation. Such MARCO-induced macrophage polarization is accompanied by increased expression of PPARG, IRF4, IDO1, CCL17, and CCL22. Ligation of surface MARCO can thus result in decreased T cell responses mainly by reduction of their proliferation. Taken together, cancer cell–induced MARCO expression and its intrinsic regulatory function within macrophages are, to our knowledge, new aspects of cancer immune evasion mechanisms that need to be further studied in the future.
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT evaluation in men enrolled in prostate cancer Active Surveillance
Authors: Pepe Pietro , Pepe Ludovica , Tamburo Marinella , Marletta Giulia , Pennisi Michele , Fraggetta Filippo
Published: May 2023

Introduction: To evaluate the accuracy of 68Ga-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa: Grade Group ≥ 2) in men enrolled in Active Surveillance (AS) protocol. Materials and methods: From May 2013 to December 2021 200 men aged between 52 and 74 years (median age 63) with very low risk PCa were enrolled in an AS protocol study. During the follow up 48/200 (24%) men were upgraded and 10/200 (5%) decided to leave the AS protocol. After five years from confirmatory biopsy (range: 48-60 months) 40/142 (28.2%) consecutive patients were submitted to mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging examinations before scheduled repeated biopsy. All the mpMRI (PI-RADS ≥ 3) and 68Ga-PET/TC standardized uptake value (SUVmax) ≥ 5 index lesions underwent targeted cores (mpMRI-TPBx and PSMA-TPBx) combined with transperineal saturation prostate biopsy (SPBx: median 20 cores). Results: Multiparametric MRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed 18/40 (45%) and 9/40 (22.5%) lesions suspicious for PCa. In 3/40 (7.5%) men a csPCa (GG2) was found; 68Ga-PSMA-TPBx vs. mpMRI-TPBx vs. SPBx diagnosed 2/3 (66.6%) vs. 2/3 (66.6%) vs. 3/3 (100%) csPCa, respectively. In detail, mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET/TC demonstrated 16/40 (40%) vs. 7/40 (17.5%) false positive and 1 (33.3%) vs. 1 (33.3%) false negative results. Conclusion: Although 68PSMA PET/CT did not improve the detection for csPCa of SPBx (1 false negative result equal to 33.3% of the cases), at the same time, would have spared 31/40 (77.5%) scheduled biopsies showing a better diagnostic accuracy in comparison with mpMRI (83.3% vs. 70.2%).
Association between Possible Sarcopenia and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2018
Authors: Lee Jae-Dong , Lee Jae-Ho
Published: May 2023

Background: Despite increased clinical and research interest in sarcopenia, even in Asia, not much is known about the association between sarcopenia and depressive symptoms. Sarcopenia and depressive symptoms are associated with several health problems in older adults; therefore, we investigated the association between sarcopenia and depression in Korean older adults.Methods: The study sample included 1,929 participants aged over 60 years (44.6% men; mean age, 69.7 years) from nationally representative data of the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. Possible sarcopenia was defined according to the diagnostic algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019; however, we measured only hand-grip strength (kg) in this study. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used for screening for symptoms of depression. A cross-sectional analysis was used to examine the relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms.Results: Possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms were identified in 538 (27.9%) and 97 (5.0%) participants, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and other potential covariates, possible sarcopenia was positively associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.36–3.11; P<0.001).Conclusion: Possible sarcopenia was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in Korean older adults. Early interventions for possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in routine clinical practice could help Korean older adults to have healthy aging. Future studies are required to explore any causal relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in Korean older adults.
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in human health in Tanzania: 2016–2021
Authors: Camara Neema , Moremi Nyambura , Mghamba Janneth , Eliakimu Eliudi , Shumba Edwin , Ondoa Pascale , Egyir Beverly
Published: May 2023

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance plays an important role in early detection of resistant strains of pathogens and informs treatments decisions at local, regional and national levels. In 2017, Tanzania developed a One Health AMR Surveillance Framework to guide establishment of AMR surveillance systems in the human and animal sectors.Aim: We reviewed AMR surveillance studies in Tanzania to document progress towards establishing an AMR surveillance system and determine effective strengthening strategies.Methods: We conducted a literature review on AMR studies conducted in Tanzania by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, and the websites of the Tanzania Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization for articles written in English and published from January 2012 to March 2021 using relevant search terms. Additionally, we reviewed applicable guidelines, plans, and reports from the Tanzanian Ministry of Health.Results: We reviewed 10 articles on AMR in Tanzania, where studies were conducted at hospitals in seven of Tanzania’s 26 regions between 2012 and 2019. Nine AMR sentinel sites had been established, and there was suitable and clear coordination under ‘One Health’. However, sharing of surveillance data between sectors had yet to be strengthened. Most studies documented high resistance rates of Gram-negative bacteria to third-generation cephalosporins. There were few laboratory staff who were well trained on AMR.Conclusion: Important progress has been made in establishing a useful, reliable AMR surveillance system. Challenges include a need to develop, implement and build investment case studies for the sustainability of AMR surveillance in Tanzania and ensure proper use of third-generation cephalosporins.What this study adds: This article adds to the knowledge base of AMR trends in Tanzania and progress made in the implementation of AMR surveillance in human health sector as a contribution to the global AMR initiatives to reduce AMR burden worldwide. It has highlighted key gaps that need policy and implementation level attention.
The performative function of turmoil, trauma and tenacity in Judith 9–16: A speech act analysis
Authors: Hobyane Risimati S.
Published: May 2023

This article forms part of a larger project on the apocryphal Book of Judith. It explores the performative nature of turmoil, trauma and tenacity as found in the second half of the book (9–16). The impetus for this investigation is the work done by same author on chapters 1–8 of Judith while focusing on a similar theme. The present article suggests that the exploration of the turmoil, trauma and tenacity to be found in chapters 1–8 does not comprehensively represent all aspects that this topic has to offer to the reader of Judith. The contention here is that the theme of turmoil, trauma and the resultant tenacity in the second half of Judith needs further scholarly exploration as it reveals contrasting developments regarding two rivalling camps, that is, the Israelites and the Assyrians. From a speech act interpretive angle, the article asserts that turmoil, trauma and tenacity are intentionally utilised as a literary tool for indicating honour (Israelites) and shame (Assyrians). This has the potential to persuade the reader to make choices and/or decisions as they read the story.Contribution: The article is a continuation of my work on the first part of Judith (chapters 1–8), as indicated. Its main contribution rests on its unique approach to investigating the performative nature of trauma, turmoil and tenacity in the second part of the book, namely, chapters 9–16. The study of the theme of trauma, turmoil and tenacity in Judith is insightful and thought-provoking and does advance research around this fascinating book.
Erratum: Conducting clinical research in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and lessons for Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology research
Authors: Khoza-Shangase Katijah , Moroe Nomfundo , Sebothoma Ben
Published: May 2023

No abstract available.
How to Conduct a Medical Quiz
Authors: Moleyar Vishnu Sharma
Published: May 2023

A properly conducted medical quiz generates enthusiasm among participants and audience. However, there are no set guidelines in literature on how to conduct a medical quiz. We have made an attempt to compile a guideline based on our experience as quizmaster since last two decades. Most of the statements made here are the author’s personal opinion. Basic objective of medical quiz is assessment. Hence, quizmaster holds the key role. Quizmaster should be a good teacher with ample experience, proficient in setting up the various types of quiz questions. Quizmaster should be familiar with various type of quiz formats. Quizmaster should be impartial, should set questions with specific learning objectives and give proper explanation and discuss the answers. A written preliminary round and a final stage round can be conducted. For the stage round, 4 teams with two participants in each team is ideal. Four rounds can be conducted in the finals as general round, rapid fire round, buzzer round and audio-visual round. Fifth round may be required in case of tie. The number of questions should depend on the time allotted. One hour is the ideal time required for final stage round.
Male Infertility in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A. B. M. , Aalpona Fatema Tuz Zahura , Bhat Sowrabha , Mondal Sunetra , Dasgupta Arundhati , Selim Shahjada
Published: May 2023

Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and male infertility are widely prevalent, and their prevalence has increasing trends. Diabetes is known to have negative impacts on almost all aspects of male reproductive functions. Such pathophysiology is more widely studied in animal models, and in men with type 2 DM (T2DM), similar reproductive dysfunctions are also described in type 1 DM (T1DM). T1DM and T2DM may have different underlying mechanisms contributing to the changes seen in their sperm parameters. At the pretesticular level, DM causes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DM affects many aspects of testicular function. Increased oxidative stress and inflammation, increased reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, advanced glycation end products, disrupted energy metabolism, and nuclear and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid damage alter sperm count and quality. The structure and function of the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate are also affected, changing sperm quality and viability. Genitourinary infections are common in DM and might alter reproductive homeostasis. Erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction frequently affects men with DM. Retrograde ejaculation and anejaculation may lead to infertility. Glucose-lowering drugs may also influence the male reproductive process; insulin, metformin, pioglitazone, sodium-glucose cotransporters, and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist drugs may have favorable impacts. The pathophysiology of reproductive dysfunction and fertility in men with DM is yet to be completely elucidated. Many factors, including duration of diabetes, glycemic control, and associated comorbidities, may obscure the real impact of DM-related male infertility. The ongoing molecular studies generating new insights are expected to better clarify DM-induced alterations in male reproductive function.
Stereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR)
Authors: Boindala Nanditha Sesikeran
Published: May 2023

Ventricular tachycardia(VT) is a wide complex tachyarrhythmia which could be potentially life-threatening. Standard treatment options include catheter ablation, anti-arrhythmic drugs and ICDs (Implantable cardioverter defibrillator). In patients refractory to the above treatments, limited options are available. Stereotactic arrhythmia radio-ablation (STAR) is a novel non-invasive method of ablating the arrhythmogenic substrate using high dose of highly focused radiotherapy. This technique requires a multi-disciplinary team consisting of Cardiologist, Electrophysiologist, Radiation oncologist and Radiologist to integrate pre-treatment imaging and electro-physiological data to generate a target that can be radiated. Studies show excellent control of VT, 6–12 weeks post-treatment with no major toxicities. This article attempts to provide a practical step by step approach to stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation.
Comparison of central corneal thickness using anterior segment optical coherence tomography, ultrasound pachymetry, and orbscan
Authors: Khalil Nahla R. , Nagy Khaled A. , Sabry Moataz M. , Nasef Mohamed H.
Published: May 2023

Background

The thickness of the cornea is a sensitive and important indicator for the health of the cornea. It is beneficial for evaluating endothelial pump function and corneal barrier, monitoring the disorders of the cornea such as keratoconus and corneal edema, and choosing patients for refractive surgery.

Aim

The aim of this work was to compare central corneal thickness (CCT) using orbscan, ultrasound pachymetry (USP), and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Patients and methods

This prospective study was carried out on 60 eyes of 30 individuals aged from 18 to 40 years old and with clinically normal cornea who attended the outpatient clinic of Tanta University Hospital and Nour El Ein Hospital from April 2018 till March 2019.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference in mean minimal measurement of the thickness of the central cornea as measured by the three devices. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean maximal measurement of the CCT as detected by the three devices. The average CCT was statistically significantly different across the three devices.

Conclusions

OCT, USP, and orbscan were reliable for CCT measurement. Orbscan and USP were more reproducible, but OCT and ultrasound were more technically dependent. The average CCT was the highest by orbscan.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with or without previous open nephrolithotomy from the same side
Authors: Qohaf Nader Abdel-Maksoud Elsaed , Hagres Ayman Mohammed , Taha Mohammed Rashid , Omer Mohammed Adel
Published: May 2023

Background

Reintervention is typically difficult owing to perinephric anatomical changes in individuals with a history of open stone surgery.

Aim

The aim of the current study was to see what effect open renal surgery may have on the effectiveness and morbidity of later percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients and methods

PCNL was performed on 100 patients between March 2017 and March 2018. Overall, 20 of these patients were eliminated (tubeless or bilateral simultaneous PCNL). The remaining 80 patients were divided into two groups: 40 primary patients and the rest (history of open nephrolithotomy). Before intervention, a standard preoperative assessment was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 20 with the χ
2 test and the independent samples t-test. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

In terms of demographics and stone load, both groups were comparable. Group 1 had fewer attempts to access the pelvicalyceal system than group 2 (1.2 ± 0.5 vs. 2.7 ± 0.9, respectively), which was statistically significant (P=0.001*). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean operational time between the two groups (85.24 ± 19.47 vs. 128.39 ± 17.45 min, respectively), with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001*). The rate of blood transfusion was similar in both groups (P=0.396). The remaining problems in both groups were similar.

Conclusion

Patients with renal stone surgery might require additional attempts to reach the pelvicalyceal system and may have difficulties with tract dilatation owing to retroperitoneal fibrosis. However, the overall morbidity and efficacy are the same in both groups.
Effect of adenoidal enlargement on development of otitis media with effusion
Authors: Metwally Ahmed S.M. , Amer Mohamed A.R. , Hagras Mahmoud A.G. , ElSherif Hossam S.
Published: May 2023

Background

Adenoid hypertrophy has a major effect on development of middle ear effusion not due to the large volume but through combination of factors including local immune regulation, biofilm, and immunoglobulin E allergic reaction.

Aim

To assess the correlation between adenoid tissue volume and development of middle ear effusion.

Patients and methods

This was a sequential analysis study including a sample size of 195 patients from 4 to 12 years. They were diagnosed with adenoid hypertrophy, confirmed by flexible nasopharyngeal endoscopy (FNE) and lateral neck radiographs. They were evaluated by tympanometry to assess otitis media with effusion.

Results

We found that 59 (29.2%) patients had FNE grade 1, 68 (35.4%) patients had FNE grade 2, 68 (35.4%) patients had FNE grade 3, and no patients had grade 4. A total of 101 (52.6%) patients had a tympanogram type A and 94 (47.4%) patients had a tympanogram type B. There was no statistically significant correlation between tympanogram groups in relation to the FNE (P=0.762).

Conclusion

We suggested that there was no valuable correlation between change in size or volume of adenoid tissue and development of middle ear effusion.
Stable finiteness of twisted group rings and noisy linear cellular automata
Authors: Phung Xuan Kien
Published: May 2023

For linear nonuniform cellular automata (NUCA) which are local perturbations of linear CA over a group universe G and a finite-dimensional vector space alphabet V over an arbitrary field k, we investigate their Dedekind finiteness property, also known as the direct finiteness property, i.e., left or right invertibility implies invertibility. We say that the group G is
$L^1$
-surjunctive, resp. finitely
$L^1$
-surjunctive, if all such linear NUCA are automatically surjective whenever they are stably injective, resp. when in addition k is finite. In parallel, we introduce the ring
$D^1(k[G])$
which is the Cartesian product
$k[G] \times (k[G])[G]$
as an additive group but the multiplication is twisted in the second component. The ring
$D^1(k[G])$
contains naturally the group ring
$k[G]$
and we obtain a dynamical characterization of its stable finiteness for every field k in terms of the finite
$L^1$
-surjunctivity of the group G, which holds, for example, when G is residually finite or initially subamenable. Our results extend known results in the case of CA.
Comparison of a Urine Antigen Assay and Multiple Examinations with the Formalin-Ethyl Acetate Concentration Technique for Diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis
Authors: Worasith Chanika , Techasen Anchalee , Duenngai Kunyarat , Intuyod Kitti , Kopolrat Kulthida Y. , Sithithaworn Jiraporn , Loilome Watcharin , Crellen Thomas , Haswell Melissa R. , Sithithaworn Paiboon
Published: May 2023

Detection of worm antigen in urine is a sensitive diagnostic method for opisthorchiasis, particularly for light-intensity infections; however, the presence of eggs in feces is essential for validating results from the antigen assay. To address the issue of low sensitivity of fecal examination, we modified the protocol for the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) and compared it against urine antigen measurements for detection of the parasite Opisthorchis viverrini. First, we optimized the FECT protocol by increasing the number of drops for examinations from the standard two drops to a maximum of eight. We were able to detect additional cases after examination of ≥ 3 drops, and the prevalence of O. viverrini saturated after examination of ≥ 5 drops. We then compared the optimized FECT protocol (examining five drops of suspension) against urine antigen detection for the diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in field-collected samples. The optimized FECT protocol detected O. viverrini eggs in 25 of 82 individuals (30.5%) who had positive urine antigen tests but were fecal egg negative by the standard FECT protocol. The optimized protocol also retrieved O. viverrini eggs in 2 of 80 antigen-negative cases (2.5%). In comparison with the composite reference standard (combined FECT and urine antigen detection), the diagnostic sensitivity of examining two and five drops of FECT and the urine assay was 58.2, 67, and 98.8%, respectively. Our results show that multiple examinations of fecal sediment increase the diagnostic sensitivity of FECT and thus provide further support for the reliability and utility of the antigen assay for diagnosis and screening of opisthorchiasis.
Utilization of methane from municipal solid waste landfills
Authors: Tadesse Abiy , Lee Jechan
Published: May 2023

Here, we analyzed the utilization efficiency of methane (CH4) gas from landfill sites associated with its power generation potential in different systems; in addition, we analyzed the reduction in the amount of CH4 emitted from landfills of untreated waste, proposed an effective method for site selection, and investigated the environmental issues caused by landfilling solid waste. Furthermore, we evaluated the geographical and chemical characteristics, iteration variables of landfill operations, application of CH4, efficiencies of energy-converting systems, and reduction in the CO2 emissions from other energy sources, with the landfill gas (LFG) being considered as the fuel. For efficient and quality extraction of CH4 from LFG, we investigated the ideal landfill conditions (e.g., construction, geometry, weather, temperature, moisture, pH, and biodegradable matter) and hydrogeological parameters that influence the generation of LFG and landfill leachate. The first order decay equation was used to predict the CH4 generation from a single bulk municipal solid waste stream for various characteristic interims of geography and CH4 generation capacity and potential. More CH4 is generated in the conventional clean air act condition than wet and arid conditions. Based on the analysis, we suggest efficient and economical power generation systems for using the CH4 emissions from landfills.
Clinical significance of indicators of energy metabolism in muscles involved in dystonic hyperkinesis in patients with idiopathic muscular dystonia
Authors: Bushueva Olga O. , Antipenko Elena A. , Deryugina Anna V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Dystonia is a syndrome with location of pathological mechanisms in the central nervous system. The clinical manifestation of the syndrome is dystonic hyperkinesis with the formation of increased muscle tone, which may be associated with changes in cellular metabolism. Aim is to evaluate the indicators of energy metabolism in the muscles involved in dystonic hyperkinesis and compare with the severity of dystonia in patients with idiopathic muscular dystonia.
Materials and methods. There were examined eighty four patients diagnosed with idiopathic muscular dystonia, including 17 men (20.2%) and 67 women (79.8%). In 38 cases there was cervical muscular dystonia, 36 and 10 cases showed segmental and generalized forms of dystonia with predominance of cervical dystonia syndrome, respectively. The average age of patients was 46 ± 11 among men and 52 ± 11 among women. The control group included 10 conditionally healthy individuals with an average age of 53.0 ± 13.4 years. The severity of cervical dystonia was assessed by the TWSTRS and Tsui scales. All participants of the study underwent biopsy sampling from the trapezius muscle, followed by determination of the level of ATP (adenosine triphosphoric acid), lactate and 2,3 DPH (2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid).
Results. The results of the study revealed changes in the bioenergetics of muscle tissue in the form of a decrease in ATP and 2,3-DPH and an increase in lactate levels that did not correlate with the severity of dystonia on the TWSTRS and Tsui scales.
Conclusion. Thus, bioenergetic changes in muscle tissue are not associated with the severity of dystonia and probably reflect general changes in the organization of intracellular energy metabolism in muscles in a hypertonic state.
Adaptive skills in children with mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Osipova Liliya A. , Kuzenkova Ludmila M. , Podkletnova Tatyana V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare lethal lysosomal storage disoders. The progress in pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment, achieved in the last two decades, has resulted in increased life expectancy of patients. Assessment of functional abilities of patients is necessary for optimization of medical, psychological, and pedagogical support.
The aim of the study. To study the adaptive skills, measured with Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and the impact of enzyme-replacement therapy on adaptive skills in MPS children.
Materials and methods. A semi-structured interview for Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales filling was carried out with one of the parents of 59 children with MPS. 41 patients had neuronopathic disease: 20 children received pathogenetic еnzyme replacement therapy (ERT), 21 patients didn’t receive ERT. 18 patients exhibited non-neuronopathic disease: 8 children received ERT, 10 — didn’t receive pathogenetic therapy. Dynamical changes in adaptive skills were investigated in 11 patients with neuronopathic MPS.
Results. Low level of adaptive motor, communication, daily living and socialization skills and their dynamical regress, stagnation or decele­ration are characteristic for children with neuronopathic MPS. More than 75% of non-neuronopathic MPS patients have moderately low and low levels of adaptive behavior composite. ERT hasn’t demonstrated significant impact on adaptive skills in MPS patients. Non-significant tendency toward better level of communication skills has been noticed in children, receiving pathogenetic therapy. Necessity of weekly infusion may have a negative influence on patients’ socialization.
Conclusion. Elaboration of motor, pedagogical, and social rehabilitation programs is needed for correction of deficiency in adaptive skills and achieving adequate social adaptation in MPS children with preserved cognitive abilities.
Navigating Disruptive Events to Strengthen Global Managerial Resilience
Authors: Moeller Miriam , Maley Jane F. , Wechtler Heidi , Bai Tao , Zheng Linglin
Published: May 2023

The proliferation of global crises has sparked MNCs’ interest in developing global managerial resilience to withstand economic, health, and climate crises. While resilient employees are more adept at recovering from unexpected or disruptive events, guidelines on how to develop global managerial resilience remain obscure. Drawing from practitioner and academic sources, we speak to international human resource and mobility leaders in MNCs offering recommendations on how to anticipate and manage disruptive events across individual, family, organizational, and exogenous layers across the expatriation experience. Doing so nurtures a pipeline of globally mobile talent able to thrive in complex international work environments.
Exploring Educational Approaches for Enhancing Historical Thinking Skills Through the 'Seogyeong Cheondo Movement' in Middle School Textbooks
Authors:   Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University, Kim Wootaek
Published: May 2023

Myocheong's “Seogyeong Cheondo Movement” is featured in all middle school history textbooks. The textbook prioritizes efficient information delivery to students, but it is insufficient to develop their historical thinking skills. To achieve this, students must first comprehend the historical context of the time, where Myocheong's argument gained support as Goryeo dynasty faced various disasters and changes in the international political situation. Second, students must learn why the movement failed as the promised positive effects did not materialize, and Myocheong failed to offer appropriate solutions, leading to exile and rebellion. Guiding students to understand the historical development process will significantly contribute to their historical thinking skills