bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preventive Measures for Society – a KGB Psychological Impact Tool
Authors: Okuličiūtė Lina
Published: November 2024

In Soviet times, Lithuanian Society suffered both spiritual and psychological terror. The KGB attempted by one means or another to rehabilitate people who did not reconcile with the Soviet regime. Preventive measures were applied against people whose political opinions were contrary to the Communist ideology, who became involved in public activities, the defence of human rights, and other activities that posed risk to the party nomenclature.
At the request of the Communist Party of Lithuania, the prosecutor’s office strengthened measures to prevent public manifestations of anti-Soviet propaganda. Overall control of society was supplemented with the so-called preventive measures. They usually took the form of manipulative conversations, public condemnations “with the help of society”, administrative measures, measures involving agents and “trusted individuals”, at people’s workplaces, social organisations, and official reprimands. The radio, press, and lectures, as well as debates at workplaces where such “unreliable” people worked or studied were used.
Personal (individual) preventive measures were one of the main forms of KGB activity used to prevent the hostile actions of citizens. The use of such measures was intended to change the political views of citizens by making them publicly renounce their beliefs, and forcing them to repent for their actions. It was not only individuals who experienced moral terror; their family members were also subject to preventive measures. The “guilty” people had to admit their guilt and promise that in the future no such actions would be repeated, and that they would pay for their transgressions with exemplary work and behaviour. Thus it can be said that the preventive measure was “an opportunity” for a Soviet citizen to correct himself, i. e. to be rehabilitated in the eyes of the Soviet power by condemning his “unacceptable” actions and promising not to repeat them again.
After the preventive measures of the KGB, people lived under constant pressure and menace. These intimidating preventive conversations and public discussions of behaviour had a significant impact. They strongly affected people who had carried out anti-Soviet actions and temporarily or permanently frightened them away from these activities. People felt they did not belong to various areas of life. Only the most courageous people did not renounce their beliefs.
In order to control people or exclude them from public life, the Soviet regime, with the aid of the KGB, applied preventive measures. They violated people’s human rights and demeaned their individuality.
Policy Implementation Analysis: Examining the Effectiveness of Jambi's Teacher Certification Program
Authors: Haesdhona  , Mukti Diapepin  , Donna Ikranova Febrina  , Mardiansyah  , Hamirul
Published: November 2024

Teacher quality is crucial for improving education outcomes. Indonesia introduced the Teacher Certification Program (Sertifikasi Guru) in 2005 to enhance teacher professionalism. This study investigates the program's effectiveness in Jambi Province by analyzing its impact on teacher competencies, teaching practices, and student learning outcomes. This mixed-methods study involved 300 certified and 300 non-certified teachers in Jambi Province. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires and student achievement records, analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. Qualitative data were gathered through interviews with 30 teachers, 10 school principals, and 5 education officials, and analyzed thematically. Certified teachers exhibited significantly higher pedagogical knowledge, subject matter knowledge, and classroom management skills than non-certified teachers. They were also more likely to employ active learning and student-centered approaches. However, the impact on student learning outcomes was modest. In conclusion, Jambi's Teacher Certification Program successfully improved teacher competencies and teaching practices. However, further efforts are needed to enhance its impact on student learning outcomes. Recommendations include strengthening the program's focus on practical application, providing ongoing professional development, and increasing school-level support for effective teaching.
Plurality in Literary Reading: A Comparative Study of the ‘Goodreads’ Reviews of Moustache and Mama Africa
Authors:   The English and Foreign Languages University, Rafid C.
Published: November 2024

The paper tries to address the plurality of ‘literary reading’ through a comparative analysis of the Goodreads reviews of Mous-tache. Inspired by Derek Attridge's idea of the 'event of literature', the paper considers a literary 'work' as an event performed in a reader's relation with the 'text'. The same 'text' can be read as diffe-rent 'works', and each review is about a particular reading which is a 'work'. The differences among these works attest to the plurality of literary reading. Additionally, the paper refers to Attridge's type/ token distinction to elaborate on the plurality of the reviews. Also, Maurice Natanson's idea of the 'temporal horizon' of reading helps to explain the commonalities and differences among the reviews. Similarly, each reading is singular as it happens through the 'com-plicity of a background' (Merleau-Ponty). Apart from the reviews, the paper also analyses the interviews of the author and the trans-lator to see how the understandings about the same 'text' can vary considerably according to the differences in the 'works'. The larger scope of the paper is to present the platform of Goodreads as a nostalgic space that reminds the academics in literary studies about the 'joy of reading literature' which stands in contrast to the 'pleasu-re of analysing literature'. The openness to pluralities embodies the joy of reading, and then the reader transcends the theoretical en-deavours to decode 'a fixed meaning'.
Delineation of Inner Spaces and Angst: A Comparative Study of Amrita Pritam’s Pinjar and Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice – Candy – Man
Authors:   Magadh University, Kumari Urwashi
Published: November 2024

The recent women writers from India, Pakistan, SriLanka and Bangladesh exemplify the issue of gendered self-representation and feminist concern. Their works realize not only the diversity of wo-men but the diversity within each woman. They are incorporating their experiences to make a new, empowering image for women, instead of limiting the lives of women to one ideal; they push the ideal towards the full expression of each woman’s potential. Indian land is known for its unity and diversity. It has been a witness to the most horrific as well as terrible atrocities that have ever been committed in the history of humanity. The harrowing situation of women during partition has been quite popular among the literary writers. The present study tries to delineate the wounded souls of women during the partition of India in 1947. It has described the condition of women as delineated by Amrita Pritamin Pinjar and Bapsi Sidhwa in Ice– Candy Man. It will also aim at presenting a comparative study as to how both the writers share different pers-pectives of women during partition in their masterpieces-Pinjar and Ice-Candy-Man respectively. In both the novels we get a clear glim-pse of the atrocities of partition and the ultimate tragedy shattering the lives of women across the boundaries. Both the novelists have described the pangs of women’s suffering in a realistic way. Amrita Pritam has tried to present an Indian identity in her description of Pooro’s journey of transformation from Pooro to Hamida, her loss of identity and agony while on the contrary Bapsi Sidhwa has given her own description through the character of Ayah, who was kidnapped by the Ice-Candy-Man. Though both the novels centre around the theme of partition and the plight of women, their struggle and suffering due to the perpetrators of violence either in the name of culture, religion or societal norms during partition, the writers have tried to analyse the situation in their own way. Of course, in presenting the condition of women during and after the partition both the writers have the same views. However, Sidhwa has delved deeper by depicting the trauma in a more realistic way through her feminist lens. The pre-sent paper intends to present a comparative stance of both the cha-racters –Pooro on the one hand and Ayah on the other in terms of pangs and trauma they suffer in the hands of their near and dear ones against the background of partition.
Translation and Transnationalism: A Study of Memory, Migration and Spirit Translation
Authors:   Central University of Kerala, Parvathy V Gouri
Published: November 2024

Translation is often understood as a transfer of a text in a language into another. But is it the only type of translation that exists? What of something that can be described as a spirit trans-lation. A translation where the language does not change, but the spirit of one language is drawn into the corporeal self of another language. Quite often transnationalism becomes difficult to identify when only the conventional idea of translation is considered. What remains unexplored is the veritable treasure trove of transnational elements in works that are only translated in spirit. Such spirit translations can be found in several of the works of the early poets in India. Taking into consideration such poets who at the turn of the century are immigrants to a foreign land. A strong yearning for their motherland generates these spirit translated works. These po-ets now transplanted in a different clime and land write in alien languages acquired secondarily. This study will primarily attempt to understand the nuances of such works that have the spirit of a language but the body of another. It will further explore the role that such works play in creating and fostering transnationalism. With special emphasis on the poetry of Toru Dutt, the study will juxtapose transnationalism and translation. The major aim of the paper will be to try to esta-blish the role of such spirit translations in fostering transnationalism in the Global South.
Euro NCAP Safety Tests: Trials Road Cars go through before they Receive a Star Rating
Authors: Neamțu Gheorghe , Ință Marinela
Published: November 2024

Road safety is an issue of major importance in European Union policies, with the main objectives of reducing/eliminating road accidents, reducing/eliminating road casualties and fatalities, and increasing the level of safety and comfort for all road users. The scientific paper presents a concrete research carried out by the authors in order to implement some technical concepts, so that those interested in this field can become acquainted with a certain way of presenting the problems of the safety tests carried out by the European organization for road safety assessment Euro NCAP, established in 1996, based in Louvain, Belgium, the first results of the tests carried out on road vehicles were published in February 1997. In this way, readers can learn about how European organizations interpret the number of stars in road vehicle safety tests, the scales of results for awarding safety stars, the evidence of Euro Ncap tests and levels of protection for adult and child road users, the protection of vulnerable road users (motorcyclists, cyclists, pedestrians) and the conditions for testing the effectiveness of safety systems fitted by manufacturers on road vehicles. It is then presented, the Euro NCAP assisted driving of road vehicles, quadricycle ratings of road vehicles, Euro NCAP tests for trucks and a case study on Euro NCAP tests for the Romanian off-road car, Dacia Duster 3rd generation. The conclusions of the scientific research are presented at the end of the paper.
Некоторые аспекты цифровизации образования
Authors: А.А. Гусев
Published: November 2024

статья посвящена характеристике некоторых аспектов цифровизации образования. Раскрывается актуальность цифровизации образования, которая предусматривает применение цифровых технологий в образовательной среде. В задачи цифровизации образования входят формирование цифровых умений и компетенций, повышение уровня грамотности применения цифровых средств массовой информации и коммуникации и др. Раскрывается сущность проекта «Цифровое образование», одного из проектов Стратегии цифровой трансформации отрасли науки и высшего образования. Характеризуется представляющий теоретический и практический интерес опыт информатизации и цифровизации образования, накопленный ФГБОУ ВО «Пятигорский государственный университет». Указана цель деятельности функционирующего в университете Управления информатизации. Перечислены ключевые приоритеты и направления развития вуза в области цифровой трансформации, сформулированные в Программе развития ФГБОУ ВО «Пятигорский государственный университет на 2023-2032 годы», раскрыта политика университета в области цифровой трансформации. Выявлено, что в рамках цифровизации образовательные учреждения оснащаются программным обеспечением и информационными системами, дающим доступ к образовательным ресурсам; меняют требования к участникам образовательного процесса; изменяют формы и методы, подходы к обучению и воспитанию и др., что способствует совершенствованию обучения и воспитания, повышает качество высшего образования.

the article is devoted to the characterization of some aspects of digitalization of education. The relevance of digitalization of education, which provides for the use of digital technologies in the educational environment, is revealed. The tasks of digitalization of education include the formation of digital skills and competencies, increasing the level of literacy in the use of digital media and communication, etc. The essence of the Digital Education project, one of the projects of the Digital Transformation Strategy of the science and higher education industry, is revealed. The experience of informatization and digitalization of education, accumulated by the Pyatigorsk State University, which is of theoretical and practical interest, is characterized. The purpose of the activity of the Informatization Department functioning at the University is indicated. The key priorities and directions of the university's development in the field of digital transformation, formulated in the Development Program of the Pyatigorsk State University for 2023-2032, are listed, and the university's policy in the field of digital transformation is disclosed. It has been revealed that within the framework of digitalization, educational institutions are equipped with software and information systems that give access to educational resources; they change the requirements for participants in the educational process; they change forms and methods, approaches to teaching and upbringing, etc., which contributes to the improvement of education and upbringing, improves the quality of higher education.
Развитие креативности обучающихся средствами цифровых образовательных ресурсов
Authors: Е.А. Гафарова
Published: November 2024

цель публикации: представление анализа цифровых образовательных ресурсов для выявления в их содержании творческих задач конкретных типов; опубликование результатов вычислительного эксперимента по прогнозированию организационно-педагогических условий для развития креативности на основе системы творческих задач. Метод: классификация цифровых образовательных ресурсов, анализ их методического содержания, вычислительный эксперимент, интерпретация результатов. Результаты. Описаны подходы практической реализации задачного подхода для целей развития индивидуальной креативности обучающихся посредством применения цифровых образовательных ресурсов с опорой на модель оценки креативности. Научная новизна состоит в экспериментальной (вычислительной) проверке действенности системы творческих задач, адаптированной для развития креативности обучающихся средствами цифровых образовательных ресурсов. Выводы: Развитие креативности в условиях цифровизации образовательного процесса возможно, поскольку цифровые образовательные ресурсы содержат соответствующие методические компоненты – творческие задачи. Соотношение типов творческих задач и трудоемкость учебных дисциплин, на материале которых происходит предъявление творческих задач, являются значимыми организационно-педагогическими условиями и определяются экспериментально.

the purpose of the publication: to present an analysis of digital educational resources to identify specific types of creative tasks in their content; to publish the results of a computational experiment to predict organizational and pedagogical conditions for the development of creativity based on a system of creative tasks. Method: classification of digital educational resources, analysis of their methodological content, computational experiment, interpretation of the results. Results. The approaches to the practical implementation of the task approach for the development of individual creativity of students through the use of digital educational resources based on the model of creativity assessment are described. The scientific novelty consists in an experimental (computational) verification of the effectiveness of a system of creative tasks adapted for the development of students' creativity by means of digital educational resources. Conclusions: The development of creativity in the context of digitalization of the educational process is possible, since digital educational resources contain appropriate methodological components – creative tasks. The ratio of the types of creative tasks and the complexity of academic disciplines, on the basis of which creative tasks are presented, are significant organizational and pedagogical conditions and are determined experimentally.
Педагогические аспекты развития социальной активности людей пожилого возраста
Authors: А.Л. Помалейко
Published: November 2024

в статье рассматриваются педагогические аспекты развития социальной активности людей пожилого возраста. Обосновывается идея неразрывной связи педагогической составляющей развития социальной активности пожилых людей, содействующей их успешной самореализации, сдерживающей негативные воздействия возрастного кризиса. Саморегуляция пожилого человека, в процессе проявления социальной активности, проходит в комплексе с направленным педагогическим воздействием, обусловленным ценностными ориентирами, при участии специалистов социально-культурной сферы. Выделяются основные педагогические аспекты развития социальной активности людей пожилого возраста (психофизиологический, социопсихологический, организационный).

the article examines the pedagogical aspects of the development of social activity of elderly people. The idea of an inextricable connection of the pedagogical component of the development of social activity of elderly people, promoting their successful self-realization, restraining the negative effects of the age crisis is substantiated. Self-regulation of an elderly person, in the process of manifestation of social activity, occurs in conjunction with targeted pedagogical influence, conditioned by value guidelines, with the participation of specialists in the socio-cultural sphere. The main pedagogical aspects of the development of social activity of elderly people (psychophysiological, socio-psychological, organizational) are highlighted.
О замкнутом цикле элементов дидактического обеспечения курса физики
Authors: Д.К. Веретимус , Н.К. Веретимус
Published: November 2024

в статье анализируется возможность повышения качества знаний студентов использованием созданного преподавателем курса лекций в электронном виде и учебных пособий по данному курсу, более подробно рассматривающих прочитанный материал. Курс лекций имеет своей целью дать возможность студенту освежить в памяти весь материал семестра в считанные дни. Учебные пособия, написанные самим лектором по изучаемому курсу, позволяют как получить дополнительный материал, так и понять неясные моменты лекции. Такое обеспечение курса позволяет эффективно работать и со слабослышащими студентами, которые могут находиться в обычной группе. В отличие от основной массы студентов, они получают максимум информации от зрительных органов, поэтому им более удобны лекции, читаемые с компьютера, а не классически. В состав русскоязычной студенческой группы часто бывают включены несколько иностранных студентов, у которых кроме проблем с усвоением пройденного материала присутствует и языковой барьер. В этом случае студенты имеют возможность в своем, более медленном темпе, конспектировать лекционно-практический материал, при необходимости пользуясь словарем или автопереводчиком. Таким образом, дидактическое обеспечение курса, состоящее из курса лекций в электронном виде и учебных пособий по данному курсу, повышает доступность материала и позволяет студенту получать более полную информацию о предмете.

the article analyzes the possibility of improving the quality of students' knowledge using the course of lectures created by the teacher in electronic form and training manuals for this course, which consider the material read in more detail. The course of lectures aims to enable the student to refresh the memory of all the material of the semester in a matter of days. Training manuals written by the lecturer himself on the course being read allow both to get additional material and to understand what was unclear in the lecture. In addition, such course support allows you to work effectively with hard of hearing students who may be in a regular group. Unlike the majority of students, they receive maximum information from the visual organs, so they are more comfortable with lectures that are read from a computer, rather than classically. The Russian-speaking student group often includes foreign students who, in addition to problems with mastering the material they have studied, also have a language barrier. In this case, students have the opportunity to take notes on lecture and practical material at their own slower pace, using a dictionary or an auto-translator if necessary. Thus, the didactic provision of the course, consisting of a course of lectures in electronic form and training manuals on this course, allows the student to receive more complete information about the subject.
Hubungan Kontrol Diri Dengan Perilaku Cyberloafing Pada Personil Polri Polda Sumatera Barat
Authors: HADI MUHAMMAD HADI PERMANA , Mario Pratama
Published: November 2024

The presence of the convenience of technology and the internet actually aims to provide convenience for those who need to maintain rhythm and consistency in carrying out their work. The behavior of using the internet for matters that are not for work purposes or personal use is known as cyberloafing behavior. This act of Cyberloafing has a negative influence which results in impacts such as reducing employee fertility, a low sense of compliance and discipline, breaching confidentiality, the Company's credibility fading, and increasing internet financing. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The subjects used in this research were police officers from the West Sumatra Regional Police. The proportional sampling technique is the choice for sampling. This research uses two scales, namely the cyberloafing behavior scale and the self-control scale. The data analysis method used in this research is simple linear regression analysis. The research results show a correlation coefficient value of -0.157 and a p value of 0.008. From the research results, it can be concluded that there is a significant negative relationship between Cyberloafing Behavior and Self-Control in West Sumatra Regional Police Personnel.
HYPERCONTENT DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOR RICH AND RENEWABLE LEARNING RESOURCES AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 DRIYOREJO, GRESIK
Authors: Gunawan Wawan , Atiqoh Atiqoh , Fatirul Achmad Noor , Rahmawati Retno Danu , Sabariah Sabariah , Rufii Rufii , Sitompul Nurmida Catherine , Kurniawan Andri
Published: November 2024

This community service activity aims to provide Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources. at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik as a good researcher for teachers. Specifically, this activity aims to Bind Interaction in Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik smoothly and in accordance with the even semester period of the 2023-2024 academic year. The methods used in this PPM activity include lectures or counseling containing the delivery of information for general and theoretical materials, in this case the material (1) Application of Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources, (2) Excavation Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources. The PPM activities that have been implemented have run smoothly in accordance with the expected goals of this program, and have obtained good results. The lecturers who presented received knowledge sharing on how to practice Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik. The high school teachers received additional knowledge about Hypercontent Development Training for Learning Resources. The Hypercontent Development Training Program for Learning Resources in addition to receiving positive responses from teachers of SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik, also received responses from supervisors in the Driyorejo District Education Office Branch, Gresik Regency. The training participants hope that the Hypercontent Development Training for Learning Resources can be continued in the future considering the benefits of this program. Furthermore, the institutional cooperation that has been well established between UNIPA Postgraduate School, especially the Department of Educational Technology with the Driyorejo District Education Office Branch, Gresik Regency is expected to continue in the future as part of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Argumentasi Siswa Fase F SMAN 1 Koto XI Tarusan
Authors: Yusda Dolly Riyanti , Morelent Yetty , Syofiani Syofiani
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi pada kesulitan siswa dalam menulis teks argumentasi karena guru tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh model problem based learning dan motivasi belajar terhadap keterampilan menulis teks argumentasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Instrumen penelitian ini, yaitu tes unjuk kerja dan angket. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini, yaitu angket diberikan kepada siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Selanjutnya, guru memberikan pretest untuk melihat kemampuan awal siswa. Guru kemudian melaksanakan pembelajaran menggunakan model problem based learning di kelas eksperimen dan model konvensional di kelas kontrol lalu melakukan postest untuk mengukur kemampuan akhir siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil tes keterampilan menulis teks argumentasi siswa dengan motivasi belajar menggunakan model problem based learning dengan hasil tes keterampilan menulis teks argumentasi siswa dengan motivasi belajar menggunakan model konvensional. Selain itu, tidak terdapat interaksi antara model problem based learning dan motivasi belajar siswa dalam mempengaruhi keterampilan menulis teks argumentasi.
The effects of muscle factors irisin on lipid metabolism in breast cancer: A possible mechanism anti-tumor mechanism of physical activity
Authors: Zhu Jiaxin , Li Chengxiang , Tian Siyu , Ding Meng
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the female population and is a significant cause of global cancer deaths in this group. Obesity increases a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer and has a negative impact on prognosis. Metabolic alterations are an important part of the process of cancer migration; invasion and proliferation, with lipids being a major metabolic substrate for rapid cancer progression, capable of influencing the metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells and other cells in the tumor microenvironment. Physical activity-induced irisin affects the progression of obesity-associated breast cancer and is a new indicator for breast cancer diagnosis. Existing evidence suggests a potential inhibitory effect of physical activity-induced irisin on the progression of breast cancer. A strong association exists between obesity and breast cancer progression and outcomes. This paper discusses how physical activity-induced irisin may achieve cancer suppression by affecting lipid metabolic processes between breast cancer cells and cancer-associated adipocytes, and elucidates the molecular pathways involved in the effects of irisin on cancer lipid reprogramming, thereby helping to prevent the metastatic progression of breast cancer, and ultimately improving the survival rate of this patient group.
Innovative machine learning approach for analysing biomechanical factors in running-related injuries
Authors: Han Rui , Qi Feng , Wang Hong , Yi Mingnong
Published: November 2024

Running-related injuries are a significant concern for recreational and competitive athletes, often resulting from complex biomechanical interactions. Traditional injury assessment methods are limited in their ability to capture dynamic, real-time data, necessitating the need for more advanced predictive tools. This study proposes an innovative machine-learning approach to predict running-related injuries by analyzing biomechanical data collected from 84 active runners. The data included joint angles, ground reaction forces, stride length, muscle activation, and foot pressure, captured through wearable sensors during laboratory-controlled and outdoor running sessions. An ensemble model combining Gradient-Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, and Support Vector Machines (SVM) was developed to predict injury risk. The results indicate that ground reaction force, foot pressure, and stride length were the most significant predictors of injury. The proposed ensemble model achieved an accuracy of 88.37%, outperforming individual models such as GBDT (83.74%) and LSTM (81.29%). The findings suggest that integrating machine learning techniques with biomechanical analysis can significantly enhance the prediction and prevention of running-related injuries. This research offers valuable insights into developing personalized injury prevention strategies, potentially reducing injury occurrence among athletes.
Integrating gesture and posture analysis in enhancing English language teaching effectiveness
Authors: Yang Zhenqiu , Yang Hongying
Published: November 2024

Non-verbal communication, particularly gestures and posture, is vital in enhancing student engagement, comprehension, and retention in language learning. This study investigates the impact of integrating deliberate gestures and posture into English language teaching, focusing on student learning outcomes. A controlled experiment was conducted with 58 participants (8 teachers and 50 students) divided into Experimental Groups (EG) and Control Groups (CG). Teachers in the EG received training on the effective use of iconic, deictic, metaphoric, and beat gestures and posture awareness techniques, while the CG followed traditional teaching practices. Data were collected through pre-and post-tests, student surveys, classroom observations, and retention assessments. The results demonstrated significant improvements in the EG compared to the CG across all measures. Comprehension scores in the EG increased by 6.62 points, compared to 2.96 points in the CG (T-statistic = 3.27, P-value = 0.002). Student engagement levels were also higher in the EG, with more frequent participation, higher motivation, and a more substantial influence of gestures and posture on learning (F-statistic for engagement = 18.27, P-value = 0.002). Additionally, retention of language concepts two weeks after the intervention was significantly higher in the EG, with an 8.50% improvement over the CG (Cohen’s d = 2.01, large effect size). Regression analysis further confirmed that gesture frequency and type strongly predicted comprehension, engagement, and retention improvements.
Intensive start of therapy in modern strategies for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ushanova F.O. , Demidova T.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Chasovskaya Yu.S.
Published: November 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to be one of the global medical and social problems. Early administration of combination therapy with hypoglycemic drugs acting on various pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes development allows prolonging the duration of the therapeutic effect and achieving more stable control of blood glucose levels. Currently, a combination of metformin with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors is recommended as an initial therapy that meets these requirements. This combination has a synergistic effect on various links in the pathogenesis of the disease. The addition of gliptins to metformin enhances insulin secretion by beta cells of the pancreas and increases insulin sensitivity, which ultimately contributes to a longer preservation of the therapeutic effect. The only representative of the DPP-4 inhibitors class recommended as part of the initial combination therapy with metformin, taking into account the results of the VERIFY study, is vildagliptin. The use of a fixed combination of metformin and vildagliptin in one tablet increases patients' compliance with the treatment regimen, which, in turn, reduces the risk of complications and mortality.
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome within the framework of multiple neoplasia syndrome type 1: Description of the clinical case
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Akhmedova A.A. , Rasulov M.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ushanova F.O. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Published: November 2024

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN-1, Vermeer syndrome) is an autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome characterized by mutations in the MEN1 gene. The manifestation of the syndrome is associated with hyperplasia and tumor transformation of several endocrine glands: tumors of the parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands. Within the framework of MEN-1, Zollinger–Ellison syndrome may develop – a clinical syndrome caused by hypergastrinemia, the source of which is gastrin-producing tumors of the pancreas and other localizations, resulting in hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid. This leads to the appearance of peptic ulcers of the duodenum and stomach, refractory to treatment and complicated by bleeding and stenosis. The article describes a clinical case of a young patient with the classic triad of components of MEN-1 syndrome, including multiple gastrinomas with frequent recurrences of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
GCK-MODY: Clinical case report
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, Malievskaya R.I. , Malievskiy O.A. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Morugova T.V. ,   Bashkir State Medical University
Published: November 2024

Currently, monogenic forms of diabetes mellitus account for up to 6.5% of all cases of diabetes in children and adolescents. Among the 14 currently identified types of MODY diabetes, the most common are HNF4a-, GCK-, and HNF1a-MODY. Among the latter, GCK-MODY has the mildest course, often not requiring drug therapy, with a favorable prognosis in terms of micro- and macrovascular complications. The development of molecular genetics makes it possible to more accurately verify various types of diabetes mellitus, predict the course of the disease, determine treatment tactics, and conduct medical genetic counseling for families. The aim of the article: to present follow-up data from a family with GCK-MODY diabetes
Using Artificial Intelligence for Personalized Cancer Treatment
Authors: Terzi Tuğra Alp
Published: November 2024

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence and the tools it has created gives rise to significant opportunities for precision oncology and promises a brighter future for the development of the sector. Precision oncology is a modern and advancing branch of cancer treatment and it is a renovated approach which specializes on specific treatment plans rather than “one-size-fits”; with advanced technology including but not limited to genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics, precision oncology focuses on optimizing therapeutic efficacy by targeting the specific molecular and cellular characteristics of a patient's cancer. This review paper explores the sophisticated and complex potential roles of artificial intelligence in cancer treatment, emphasizing on its impact in personalized treatment plans, immunotherapy and diagnostic accuracy. The immense database that AI has access to enables medical professionals to analyze imaging results and detect similarities of symptoms, genetic patterns, offering enhanced prognostic and diagnostic capabilities by eliminating human error and increasing cost effectiveness. This paper also dives into applications such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, digital pathology and demonstrations of the remarkable capability of artificial intelligence in multi-omics integration. Nonetheless, the advent of such advanced artificial intelligence tools, although promising, have not yet become the “gold standard” in oncology due to many rising agitations regarding reliability, since treatment decisions made by opaque AI algorithms are prone to error due to potential biases in AI systems and design errors. By critically examining these points, this paper evaluates both the advantages and disadvantages of the future implementation of artificial intelligence in the field of precision oncology, aiming to devise optimal integration in clinical practice.
Research on the development bottlenecks and countermeasures of leisure football sports
Authors: Xu Ruoxuan , Li Peishan , Lin Yijun
Published: November 2024

To better promote the development of leisure football in China, this study employs research methods such as literature review and logical analysis, combined with the analysis of the national environment, to summarize the social and cultural value conflicts, insufficient exploration of humanistic connotations, low per capita resource possession, and high barriers to sports participation as the main constraints on the development of leisure football. It also identifies the prominent problems resulting from these constraints, such as the low ability to meet the needs of participants. The study proposes two major strategies to break through the bottlenecks in the development of leisure football and to address the prominent issues it faces: promoting school and social education and training to guide changes in social culture and demand; and improving educational training concepts and methods to adapt to the actual national conditions and social needs. It is suggested that the most effective way to guide changes in social culture and demand is through education and training, which includes school education and training led by government administrative operations and social education and training led by corporate market operations. The study points out that the key to improving educational training concepts lies in grasping two main points: improving the teaching methods of tactics and techniques, and strengthening the exploration of cultural connotations. The core of improving educational training methods is to introduce and promote modern educational technologies represented by audio-visual teaching.
GC-MS Analysis of Diospyros montana (Roxb.) Leaves: A Medicinal and Poisonous Plant
Authors: Poonam Yadav  , Swati Dubey Mishra  , Kesar Singh  , M.P. Goutam
Published: November 2024

Diospyros montana (Roxb.) is a plant that contains significant levels of flavonoids, phenol, reducing sugars, terpenoids and other phytochemicals. This plant is belonging to the Ebenaceae family. This plant is known as Bistendu (Poisonous tendu) due to its dual medicinal and poisonous characteristics; hence, it was considered essential to understand its whole phytochemical profile. In the current investigation, metabolites in the methanolic extract of leaves from the D. montana (Roxb.) plant were thoroughly screened phytochemically using the GC-MS technique with an emphasis on forensics. The plant's fresh leaves methanolic extract contained 13major compounds and identified are Phenol, 4-ethenyl-2,6- dimethoxy- Sucrose, (E)-4-(3-Hydroxyprop-1- en-1-yl) -2-methoxyphenol, 4-((1E)-3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2- methoxyphenol, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Phytol, Linoelaidic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, Octadecanoic acid, 2-(2- hydroxyethoxy)ethyl ester, Glycerol 1-palmitate, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)-, 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,4-diol, 2- (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3, 4-dihyd.Therefore, a thorough phytochemical evaluation of metabolites may be helpful to forensic toxicologists investigating cases of plant poisoning. Moreover, because of the existence of phytochemicals and bioactive substances leaves can be utilized as a novel potential source of pharmaceutical drugs. The plant’s leaves were chemically profiled using the GC-MS method
Rethinking Attention Weights as Bidirectional Coefficients
Authors: Huang Yuxiang , Yang Hanfang , Wang Xingrui
Published: November 2024

Attention mechanism has become an almost ubiquitous model architecture in deep learning. One of its distinctive features is to compute non-negative probabilistic distribution to re-weight input representations. This work reconsiders attention weights as bidirectional coefficients instead of probabilistic measures for potential benefits in interpretability and representational capacity. After analyzing the iteration process of attention scores through backwards gradient propagation, we proposed a novel activation function, TanhMax, which possesses several favorable properties to satisfy the requirements of bidirectional attention. We conduct a battery of experiments to validate our analyses and advantages of proposed method on both text and image datasets. The results show that bidirectional attention is effective in revealing input unit’s semantics, presenting more interpretable explanations and increasing the expressive power of attention-based model.
Mixed Model and Gaussian Process to Investigate the External Influence on the Propagation Time of Ultrasonic Waves on Masonry Walls
Authors: Paz Rosineide Fernando da , Zuanetti Daiane Aparecida , Rodrigues Renan Vinicius , Mesquita Esequiel
Published: November 2024

The ultrasonic testing has been considered a promising method for diagnosing and characterizing masonry walls. As ultrasonic waves tend to travel faster in denser materials, their use is common in evaluating the conditions of various materials. Presence of internal voids, e.g., would alter the wave path, and this distinct behavior could be employed to identify unknown conditions within the material, allowing for the assessment of its condition. Therefore, we applied mixed models and Gaussian processes to analyze the behavior of ultrasonic waves on masonry walls and identify relevant factors impacting their propagation. We observed that the average propagation time behavior differs depending on the material for both models. Additionally, the condition of the wall influences the propagation time. Gaussian process and mixed model performances are compared, and we conclude that these models can be useful in a classification model to automatically identify anomalies within masonry walls.
Bridging the Gap: Exploring Mobile Ownership Disparities among Vulnerable Population
Authors: Shair Waqas , Hassan Rizwan Ul , Khatoon Javeria , Amjad Kanza , Nawaz Sumaira
Published: November 2024

The study explores the digital divide in vulnerable groups in Pakistan, assessing the impact of different vulnerabilities and analyzing the effect of various vulnerabilities on this divide. The study identifies key vulnerable groups, including women, economically disadvantaged individuals, and persons with disabilities. The study uses Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurements (PSLM), 2019-20. The Logit model's aftermath suggests that females are 65.1% less likely to own a mobile phone than males. Poor individuals are 44.4% less likely to own a phone, and disabled individuals have 61.4% lower odds. The study shows that individuals with one vulnerability are 44% less likely to own a mobile phone vis-à-vis a person without vulnerability, with two vulnerabilities 70.1% less likely, and with three vulnerabilities 84.8% less likely. As vulnerabilities like poverty, disability, or marginalization increase, compounded barriers—financial, accessibility, and social—reduce mobile phone ownership. The research reveals that females who are simultaneously poor and disabled, as well as those who are either poor or disabled, are particularly susceptible to the digital divide. The findings emphasize compounded disadvantages, showing an intersectionality effect in mobile phone ownership. The conclusions of this research are crucial for formulating strategies to address and mitigate the digital divide within and among vulnerable communities.
La organización eficiente de las empresas familiares. ¿Por qué lo llaman holding cuando quieren decir grupo?
Authors: Molero Prieto Rafael , Polo Garrido Fernando , Rico Llopis Manuel
Published: November 2024

El libro que aquí presentamos se corresponde con los trabajos de investigación, en forma de comunicaciones, que fueron presentadas y defendidas por sus autoras/es en el II Congreso internacional «Derecho, Economía, Empresa e Innovación Docente», celebrado en la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, en su Campus de Alcoy (Alicante), los días 15 y 16 de noviembre de 2024. El éxito de esta iniciativa académica fue patente: 61 comunicaciones aceptadas que entre libro se presentan en forma de capítulos, defendidas/presentadas por un total de 75 autores, de diferentes nacionalidades, provenientes del mundo universitario y/o profesional. Derecho, Economía, Empresa e Innovación Docente gira en torno a seis ejes temáticos, que dan acogida a estos diferentes trabajos de investigación en materia de planificación y organización de la empresa, marketing comercial y comunicación, planificación jurídica internacional de la empresa, e innovación docente y educación. Dentro de cada eje temático los lectores van a encontrar grandes reflexiones sobre «Tecnología, Persona y Derecho», «La importancia del marketing digital en entornos internacionales», «Los efectos del cambio climático y la protección de los derechos humanos de los migrantes», «Transformaciones en el Sector Bancario y sus implicaciones para la inclusión financiera en España», o «La eficacia de los simuladores en las enseñanzas superiores: un estudio comparativo», entre otros; garantizándoles así que el debate científico en el que se convirtió esta segunda edición del Congreso se reproduzca con la lectura de esta obra.