bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transition from Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia to Gastric Cancer Involves POPDC1 and POPDC3 Downregulation
Authors: Gingold-Belfer Rachel , Kessler-Icekson Gania , Morgenstern Sara , Rath-Wolfson Lea , Zemel Romy , Boltin Doron , Levi Zohar , Herman-Edelstein Michal
Published: May 2021

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is an intermediate step in the progression from premalignant to malignant stages of gastric cancer (GC). The Popeye domain containing (POPDC) gene family encodes three transmembrane proteins, POPDC1, POPDC2, and POPDC3, initially described in muscles and later in epithelial and other cells, where they function in cell–cell interaction, and cell migration. POPDC1 and POPDC3 downregulation was described in several tumors, including colon and gastric cancers. We questioned whether IM-to-GC transition involves POPDC gene dysregulation. Gastric endoscopic biopsies of normal, IM, and GC patients were examined for expression levels of POPDC1-3 and several suggested IM biomarkers, using immunohistochemistry and qPCR. Immunostaining indicated lower POPDC1 and POPDC3 labeling in IM compared with normal tissues. Significantly lower POPDC1 and POPDC3 mRNA levels were measured in IM and GC biopsies and in GC-derived cell lines. The reduction in focal IM was smaller than in extensive IM that resembled GC tissues. POPDC1 and POPDC3 transcript levels were highly correlated with each other and inversely correlated with LGR5, OLFM4, CDX2, and several mucin transcripts. The association of POPDC1 and POPDC3 downregulation with IM-to-GC transition implicates a role in tumor suppression and highlights them as potential biomarkers for GC progression and prospective treatment targets.
Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development
Authors: Lamichhane Pradeep , Veerana Mayura , Lim Jun Sup , Mumtaz Sohail , Shrestha Bhanu , Kaushik Nagendra Kumar , Park Gyungsoon , Choi Eun Ha
Published: May 2021

Nitrogen fixation is crucial for plants as it is utilized for the biosynthesis of almost all biomolecules. Most of our atmosphere consists of nitrogen, but plants cannot straightforwardly assimilate this from the air, and natural nitrogen fixation is inadequate to meet the extreme necessities of global nutrition. In this study, nitrogen fixation in water was achieved by an AC-driven non-thermal atmospheric pressure nitrogen plasma jet. In addition, Mg, Al, or Zn was immersed in the water, which neutralized the plasma-treated water and increased the rate of nitrogen reduction to ammonia due to the additional hydrogen generated by the reaction between the plasma-generated acid and metal. The effect of the plasma-activated water, with and without metal ions, on germination and growth in corn plants (Zea Mays) was investigated. The germination rate was found to be higher with plasma-treated water and more efficient in the presence of metal ions. Stem lengths and germination rates were significantly increased with respect to those produced by DI water irrigation. The plants responded to the abundance of nitrogen by producing intensely green leaves because of their increased chlorophyll and protein contents. Based on this report, non-thermal plasma reactors could be used to substantially enhance seed germination and seedling growth.
A 3D Renal Proximal Tubule on Chip Model Phenocopies Lowe Syndrome and Dent II Disease Tubulopathy
Authors: Naik Sindhu , Wood Andrew R. , Ongenaert Maté , Saidiyan Paniz , Elstak Edo D. , Lanz Henriëtte L. , Stallen Jan , Janssen Richard , Smythe Elizabeth , Erdmann Kai S.
Published: May 2021

Lowe syndrome and Dent II disease are X-linked monogenetic diseases characterised by a renal reabsorption defect in the proximal tubules and caused by mutations in the OCRL gene, which codes for an inositol-5-phosphatase. The life expectancy of patients suffering from Lowe syndrome is largely reduced because of the development of chronic kidney disease and related complications. There is a need for physiological human in vitro models for Lowe syndrome/Dent II disease to study the underpinning disease mechanisms and to identify and characterise potential drugs and drug targets. Here, we describe a proximal tubule organ on chip model combining a 3D tubule architecture with fluid flow shear stress that phenocopies hallmarks of Lowe syndrome/Dent II disease. We demonstrate the high suitability of our in vitro model for drug target validation. Furthermore, using this model, we demonstrate that proximal tubule cells lacking OCRL expression upregulate markers typical for epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), including the transcription factor SNAI2/Slug, and show increased collagen expression and deposition, which potentially contributes to interstitial fibrosis and disease progression as observed in Lowe syndrome and Dent II disease.
Predictive Factors of Radiation-Induced Changes Following Single-Session Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Kim Myung Ji , Chang Kyung Won , Park So Hee , Chang Won Seok , Chang Jong Hee , Chang Jin Woo , Jung Hyun Ho
Published: May 2021

We evaluated for possible predictors of radiation-induced changes (RICs) after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We identified the nidal component within AVMs to analyze the correlation between the volume of brain parenchyma within the 50% isodose line (IDL) and RICs. We retrospectively reviewed patients with AVMs who underwent a single-session of GKRS at our institution between 2007 and 2017 with at least a 2-year minimum follow-up. Follow-up magnetic resonance images were evaluated for newly developed T2 signal changes and the proportions of nidus and intervening parenchyma were quantified. A total of 180 AVM patients (98 males and 82 females) with a median age of 34 years were included in the present study. The overall obliteration rate was 67.8%. The median target volume was 3.65 cc. The median nidus and parenchyma volumes within the 50% IDL were 1.54 cc and 2.41 cc, respectively. RICs were identified in 79 of the 180 patients (43.9%). AVMs associated with previous hemorrhages showed a significant inverse correlation with RICs. In a multivariate analysis, RICs were associated with a higher proportion of brain parenchyma within the 50% IDL (hazard ratio (HR) 169.033; p < 0.001) and inversely correlated with the proportion of nidus volume within the 50% IDL (HR 0.006; p < 0.001). Our study identified that a greater proportion of brain tissue between the nidus within the 50% IDL was significantly correlated with RICs. Nidus angioarchitectural complexity and the absence of a prior hemorrhage were also associated with RICs. The identification of possible predictors of RICs could facilitate radiosurgical planning and treatment decisions as well as the planning of appropriate follow-up after GKRS; this could minimize the risk of RICs, which would be particularly beneficial for the treatment of incidentally found asymptomatic AVMs.
Inquiry Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) Improves Overall Stuttering Experience among Adults Who Stutter: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Feldman Omrit , Goldstien Eran , Rolnik Benjamin , Ganz Ariel B. , Lev-Ari Shahar
Published: May 2021

Stuttering is a speech disorder that can cause disturbances in the timing and flow of speech. In addition to being a communication disorder, stuttering is often accompanied by a reduction in the quality of life and has impacts on social status, mental well-being, self-acceptance, and the chances of integration into the labor market. The Inquiry Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) program, developed in the United States by Byron Katie in 1986, is the clinical application of “The Work” method (Thework.com) and represents an emerging mindfulness and cognitive-reframing method. IBSR has been demonstrated to improve mental health and well-being in adults and may alleviate psychological and psychosocial symptoms of stuttering. The purpose of this trial was to examine the effect of a 12-week IBSR intervention on the overall stuttering experience and indicators of anxiety, psychological flexibility, and well-being among adults who stutter (AWS). This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomized to IBSR (n = 28) and control (n = 28) groups. Validated questionnaires of overall stuttering experience (OASES-A), anxiety (STAI), psychological flexibility (PFQ), and satisfaction with life (SWLS) were completed before, after, and one month after the intervention. An intention-to-treat approach was implemented for analysis. Our results show that participants in the IBSR intervention group exhibited a greater improvement in their overall stuttering experience as compared to the control group, as well as in general information on stuttering awareness and perception, reactions to stuttering, communication in daily situations, and quality of life. In addition, we found a greater reduction in anxiety levels and an increase in satisfaction-with-life scores in the IBSR group. These results indicate that IBSR can improve the overall stuttering experience.
Cardiac Rehabilitation in German Speaking Countries of Europe—Evidence-Based Guidelines from Germany, Austria and Switzerland LLKardReha-DACH—Part 1
Authors: Rauch Bernhard , Salzwedel Annett , Bjarnason-Wehrens Birna , Albus Christian , Meng Karin , Schmid Jean-Paul , Benzer Werner , Hackbusch Matthes , Jensen Katrin , Schwaab Bernhard , Altenberger Johann , Benjamin Nicola , Bestehorn Kurt , Bongarth Christa , Dörr Gesine , Eichler Sarah , Einwang Hans-Peter , Falk Johannes , Glatz Johannes , Gielen Stephan , Grilli Maurizio , Grünig Ekkehard , Guha Manju , Hermann Matthias , Hoberg Eike , Höfer Stefan , Kaemmerer Harald , Ladwig Karl-Heinz , Mayer-Berger Wolfgang , Metzendorf Maria-Inti , Nebel Roland , Neidenbach Rhoia , Niebauer Josef , Nixdorff Uwe , Oberhoffer Renate , Reibis Rona , Reiss Nils , Saure Daniel , Schlitt Axel , Völler Heinz , von Känel Roland , Weinbrenner Susanne , Westphal Ronja ,   on behalf of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Guideline Group
Published: May 2021

Background: Although cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) is well accepted in general, CR-attendance and delivery still considerably vary between the European countries. Moreover, clinical and prognostic effects of CR are not well established for a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The guidelines address all aspects of CR including indications, contents and delivery. By processing the guidelines, every step was externally supervised and moderated by independent members of the “Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany” (AWMF). Four meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic effect of CR after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), after coronary bypass grafting (CABG), in patients with severe chronic systolic heart failure (HFrEF), and to define the effect of psychological interventions during CR. All other indications for CR-delivery were based on a predefined semi-structured literature search and recommendations were established by a formal consenting process including all medical societies involved in guideline generation. Results: Multidisciplinary CR is associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality in patients after ACS and after CABG, whereas HFrEF-patients (left ventricular ejection fraction <40%) especially benefit in terms of exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Patients with other cardiovascular diseases also benefit from CR-participation, but the scientific evidence is less clear. There is increasing evidence that the beneficial effect of CR strongly depends on “treatment intensity” including medical supervision, treatment of cardiovascular risk factors, information and education, and a minimum of individually adapted exercise volume. Additional psychologic interventions should be performed on the basis of individual needs. Conclusions: These guidelines reinforce the substantial benefit of CR in specific clinical indications, but also describe remaining deficits in CR-delivery in clinical practice as well as in CR-science with respect to methodology and presentation.
Effectiveness of 0.66% Povidone-Iodine Eye Drops on Ocular Surface Flora before Cataract Surgery: A Nationwide Microbiological Study
Authors: Musumeci Rosario , Troiano Pasquale , Martinelli Marianna , Piovella Matteo , Carbonara Claudio , Rossi Scipione , Alessio Giovanni , Molteni Luisa , Molteni Claudio Giuseppe , Saderi Laura , Sotgiu Giovanni , Cocuzza Clementina Elvezia
Published: May 2021

A multicenter, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled study was conducted to evaluate, as perioperative prophylactic treatment, the anti-infective effectiveness of 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) against the bacterial flora of the conjunctival surface of patients who undergo cataract surgery. Eye drops containing 0.66% povidone-iodine were applied to the eye undergoing cataract surgery; the untreated contralateral eye was used as control. One hundred and twenty patients set to receive unilateral cataract surgery were enrolled in 5 Italian Ophthalmology Centers and pretreated for three days with 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops. The contralateral eye, used as control, was left untreated. Conjunctival swabs of both eyes were collected at the baseline visit and after three days of treatment, just before the cataract surgery. A qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of bacterial presence was evaluated by means of bacterial culture, followed by identification. Methicillin resistance determination was also performed on staphylococci isolates. Bacterial load before and after treatment of the eye candidate for cataract surgery was evaluated and compared to the untreated eye. A reduction or no regrowth on the culture media of the bacterial load was observed in 100% of the study subjects. A great heterogenicity of bacterial species was found. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops, used for three days prior to cataract surgery, were effective in reducing the conjunctival bacterial load. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) might represent a valid perioperative prophylactic antiseptic adjuvant treatment to protect the ocular surface from microbial contamination in preparation of the surgical procedure.
Biomarkers Linked with Dynamic Changes of Renal Function in Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Chang Ya-Chieh , Tsai Ping-Huang , Chou Yu-Ching , Lu Kuo-Cheng , Chang Feng-Yee , Wu Chia-Chao
Published: May 2021

The catastrophic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a critical global issue. One well-known complication of COVID-19 in severe cases is acute kidney injury, but no research has given a description of its impact on the kidney in patients with mild symptoms. We explore the renal function changes in mild COVID-19 patients. This retrospective, single-center study included 27 participants with laboratory-detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus two (SARS-CoV-2) infection who were admitted to the Tri-Service General Hospital from 4 February to 26 May 2020 and analyzed their clinical features, radiological findings, and laboratory data. Data collected upon admission and discharge showed a median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 106.7 mL/min/1.732 m2 and 112.2 mL/min/1.732 m2, respectively, with a p-value of 0.044. A correlation between renal function and the severity of infection was also found and was statistically significant upon admission. Patients with a lower lymphocyte count or higher C-reactive protein, neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio presented with a decreased eGFR during their early infection phase. The biomarkers (CRP and NLR) may be linked with dynamic changes of renal function in COVID-19 patients who are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms.
Complexity of Nurse Practitioners’ Role in Facilitating a Dignified Death for Long-Term Care Home Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vellani Shirin , Boscart Veronique , Escrig-Pinol Astrid , Cumal Alexia , Krassikova Alexandra , Sidani Souraya , Zheng Nancy , Yeung Lydia , McGilton Katherine S.
Published: May 2021

Due to the interplay of multiple complex and interrelated factors, long-term care (LTC) home residents are increasingly vulnerable to sustaining poor outcomes in crisis situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. While death is considered an unavoidable end for LTC home residents, the importance of facilitating a good death is one of the primary goals of palliative and end-of-life care. Nurse practitioners (NPs) are well-situated to optimize the palliative and end-of-life care needs of LTC home residents. This study explores the role of NPs in facilitating a dignified death for LTC home residents while also facing increased pressures related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The current exploratory qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of 14 NPs working in LTC homes was recruited. Data were generated using semi-structured interviews and examined using thematic analysis. Three categories were derived: (a) advance care planning and goals of care discussions; (b) pain and symptom management at the end-of-life; and (c) care after death. The findings suggest that further implementation of the NP role in LTC homes in collaboration with LTC home team and external partners will promote a good death and optimize the experiences of residents and their care partners during the end-of-life journey.
Arthroscopic Repair in Tibial Spine Avulsion Fractures Using Polyethylene Terephthalate Suture: Good to Excellent Results in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Russu Octav Marius , Pop Tudor Sorin , Ciorcila Emilian , Gergely István , Zuh Sándor-György , Trâmbițaș Cristian , Borodi Paul Gabriel , Incze-Bartha Zsuzsanna , Feier Andrei Marian , Georgeanu Vlad Alexandru
Published: May 2021

Background: The objective of the arthroscopic treatment in tibial spine avulsion fractures (TSAF) is to achieve firm reduction and strong internal fixation while still having the patient undergo a minimally invasive procedure. Material and methods: The study was performed on 12 young patients with avulsion fracture of the anterior tibial spine. All 12 patients had type 3 Modified Meyers and McKeever fractures. The injury mechanism was direct anterior to posterior trauma in full leg length hyperextension with sport trauma reported in all cases. The physical examination revealed decreased range of motion, extension deficit, and pain during walking. Radiology, MRI, and CT pathologic findings described complete fracture of the anterior tibial spine with no clear signs of callus formation at the time of examination. All patients underwent arthroscopic suture surgical treatment. The Tegner, the Lysholm, and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were used to evaluate subjective outcomes at three and six months after the surgery. Radiographs were used to assess callus formation and healing status of the fracture. Results: The mean IKDC score was 33.4 ± 23.3 (p = 0.032) preoperatively and 84.2 ± 14.3 at final follow-up (p = 0.0032, CI = 95%). The mean Tegner score improved from 3.8 ± 1.1 pre-operatively to 6.7 ± 2.2 at six months follow-up (p = 0.0231, CI = 95%). The Lysholm score differed significantly at baseline compared to final follow-up (53.7 ± 17.3 vs. 87.7 ± 9.9; p = 0.0066, CI = 95%). In all cases (n = 12), the radiographs taken after six months revealed the healing of the fracture in the anatomic position without secondary displacement. No functional knee instability was detected at the end of the study. Conclusions: The study provides preliminary promising results regarding fracture healing, knee stability, and functional subjective scores. Patient selection was a major factor of success prediction for this technique.
Relationships among the Characteristic Tensile Strain, Curing Age, and Strength of Reactive Powder Concrete
Authors: Guo Min , Gao Ri
Published: May 2021

The characteristic tensile strain of reactive powder concrete is a critical indicator of its resistance to cracking. In order to study its crack resistance performance, in this study, we investigated changes over time in the characteristic tensile strain patterns of reactive powder concrete. An axial tensile test was performed to obtain the stress–strain curves of reactive powder concrete after curing ages from 3 to 56 days, and then we identified changes over time in the initial and ultimate tensile strain patterns. An analysis was conducted to determine the correlation between the initial tensile strain and the ratio of tensile strength to elastic modulus. The correlations between the ultimate tensile strain and its curing age as well as that of the ultimate tensile strain with its tensile strength and its compressive strength were established, and an approach was proposed for calculating the characteristic age of reactive powder concrete.
Finite Element Analysis of Dental Implants with Zirconia Crown Restorations: Conventional Cement-Retained vs. Cementless Screw-Retained
Authors: Lee Jae-Hyun , Jang Ho Yeol , Lee Su Young
Published: May 2021

The present study was designed to compare the stress distributions in two restoration types of implants and the surrounding bone. The first restoration type was a conventional cement-retained zirconia crown, and the second was a novel cementless screw-retained zirconia crown with a base abutment. A three-dimensional finite element method was used to model the implants, restorations, and supporting bone. A comparative study of the two implants was performed under two masticatory loads: a vertical load of 100 N and a 30-degree oblique load of 100 N. Under both loading conditions, the maximum von Mises stress and strain values in the implant and supporting bone were higher in the conventional cement-retained restoration model than in the cementless screw-retained model. In terms of stress distribution, the cementless screw-retained zirconia crown with base abutment may be considered a superior restoration option compared to the conventional cement-retained zirconia crown.
Ultrasound-Assisted Water Extraction of Mastocarpus stellatus Carrageenan with Adequate Mechanical and Antiproliferative Properties
Authors: Torres Maria Dolores , Flórez-Fernández Noelia , Dominguez Herminia
Published: May 2021

Ultrasound-assisted water extraction was optimized to recover gelling biopolymers and antioxidant compounds from Mastocarpus stellatus. A set of experiments following a Box–Behnken design was proposed to study the influence of extraction time, solid liquid ratio, and ultrasound amplitude on the yield, sulfate content, and thermo-rheological properties (viscoelasticity and gelling temperature) of the carrageenan fraction, as well as the composition (protein and phenolic content) and antiradical capacity of the soluble extracts. Operating at 80 °C and 80 kHz, the models predicted a compromise optimum extraction conditions at ~35 min, solid liquid ratio of ~2 g/100 g, and ultrasound amplitude of ~79%. Under these conditions, 40.3% carrageenan yield was attained and this product presented 46% sulfate and good mechanical properties, a viscoelastic modulus of 741.4 Pa, with the lowest gelling temperatures of 39.4 °C. The carrageenans also exhibited promising antiproliferative properties on selected human cancer cellular lines, A-549, A-2780, HeLa 229, and HT-29 with EC50 under 51.9 μg/mL. The dried soluble extract contained 20.4 mg protein/g, 11.3 mg gallic acid eq/g, and the antiradical potency was equivalent to 59 mg Trolox/g.
The Glitazone Class of Drugs as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors—A Spin-Off Discovery from Fragment Screening
Authors: Mueller Sarah L. , Chrysanthopoulos Panagiotis K. , Halili Maria A. , Hepburn Caryn , Nebl Tom , Supuran Claudiu T. , Nocentini Alessio , Peat Thomas S. , Poulsen Sally-Ann
Published: May 2021

The approved drugs that target carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), a family of zinc metalloenzymes, comprise almost exclusively of primary sulfonamides (R-SO2NH2) as the zinc binding chemotype. New clinical applications for CA inhibitors, particularly for hard-to-treat cancers, has driven a growing interest in the development of novel CA inhibitors. We recently discovered that the thiazolidinedione heterocycle, where the ring nitrogen carries no substituent, is a new zinc binding group and an alternate CA inhibitor chemotype. This heterocycle is curiously also a substructure of the glitazone class of drugs used in the treatment options for type 2 diabetes. Herein, we investigate and characterise three glitazone drugs (troglitazone 11, rosiglitazone 12 and pioglitazone 13) for binding to CA using native mass spectrometry, protein X-ray crystallography and hydrogen–deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry, followed by CA enzyme inhibition studies. The glitazone drugs all displayed appreciable binding to and inhibition of CA isozymes. Given that thiazolidinediones are not credited as a zinc binding group nor known as CA inhibitors, our findings indicate that CA may be an off-target of these compounds when used clinically. Furthermore, thiazolidinediones may represent a new opportunity for the development of novel CA inhibitors as future drugs.
Copperpod Plant Synthesized AgNPs Enhance Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effect in Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Pannerselvam Balashanmugam , Thiyagarajan Devasena , Pazhani Annamalai , Thangavelu Kalaichelvan Pudupalayam , Kim Hyung Joo , Rangarajulu Senthil Kumaran
Published: May 2021

The utilization of biological resources on the manufacture of nano silver has attracted the interest of researchers to develop an eco-friendly, cost-effective technology in nanomaterials production. In the present study, plant-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous leaf extracts of the Copperpod plant, which was well characterized. The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric study showed a maximum absorbance peak at 425 nm, and the observation of transmission electron microscopic features revealed that the nanoparticles size ranged between 20 and 70 nm. The synthesized AgNPs were tested for in vitro cytotoxic effects against cancerous cells, such as HepG2, A549 and MCF-7 cells. The findings showed that the IC50 values of AgNPs against cancerous cells viz., HepG2, MCF-7 and A549 cells, were observed to be 69 µg/mL, 62 µg/mL and 53 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, the apoptosis property was analysed using propidium iodide and acridine orange-ethidium bromide via the DNA fragmentation technique. Thus, the outcomes of the current analysis presume that the plant mediated AgNPs obtained from a synthesized Copperpod plant possess significant anti-cancer properties against various cancerous cells.
S235JRC+C Steel Response Analysis Subjected to Uniaxial Stress Tests in the Area of High Temperatures and Material Fatigue
Authors: Brnic Josip , Brcic Marino , Balos Sebastian , Vukelic Goran , Krscanski Sanjin , Milutinovic Mladomir , Dramicanin Miroslav
Published: May 2021

Knowledge of the properties and behavior of materials under certain working conditions is the basis for the selection of the proper material for the design of a new structure. This paper deals with experimental investigations of the mechanical properties of unalloyed high quality steel S235JRC + C (1.0122) and its behavior under conditions of high temperatures, creep and mechanical fatigue. The response of the material at high temperatures (20–700 °C) is shown in the form of engineering stress-strain diagrams while that at creep behavior (400–600 °C) is shown in the form of creep curves. Furthermore, based on uniaxial fully reversed mechanical fatigue tests (R=−1), a stress-life (S-N) fatigue diagram has been constructed and the fatigue (endurance) limit of the material is calculated The experimentally determined value of tensile strength at room temperature is 534 MPa. The calculated value of the fatigue limit, also at room temperature, using the modified staircase method and based on the mechanical fatigue tests data, is 202 MPa. With regard to creep resistance, steel 1.0122 can be considered creep-resistant only at a temperature of 400 °C and at an applied stress not exceeding 50% of the yield strength corresponding to this temperature.
On the Application of a Design of Experiments along with an ANFIS and a Desirability Function to Model Response Variables
Authors: Luis Pérez Carmelo J.
Published: May 2021

In manufacturing engineering, it is common to use both symmetrical and asymmetrical factorial designs along with regression techniques to model technological response variables, since the in-advance prediction of their behavior is of great importance to determine the levels of variation that lead to optimal response values to be obtained. For this purpose, regression techniques based on the response surface method combined with a desirability function for multi-objective optimization are commonly employed, since it is usual to find manufacturing processes that require simultaneous optimization of several variables, which exhibit in many cases an opposite behavior. However, these regression models are sometimes not accurate enough to predict the behavior of these response variables, especially when they have significant non-linearities. To deal with this drawback, soft computing techniques are very effective in overcoming the limitations of conventional regression models. This present study is focused on the employment of a symmetrical design of experiments along with a new desirability function, which is proposed in this study, and with soft computing techniques based on fuzzy logic. It will be shown that more accurate results than those obtained from regression techniques are obtained. Moreover, this new desirability function is analyzed in this study.
Antropología de las intervenciones estatales sobre la infancia, la adolescencia y la familia
Authors: Villalta Carla
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se reseñan algunas de las características centrales y más persistentes de las acciones que se desarrollan en el campo institucional de la administración de la infancia, la adolescencia y sus familias que, de un modo u otro, han sido examinadas por las diferentes investigaciones socioantropológicas desarrolladas en nuestra región. A partir de identificar cómo en esas acciones se intersectan los procesos de familiarización y maternalización, e individualización y psicologización, se recuperan críticamente los aportes de un campo de estudios que, en los últimos años, se ha orientado a descifrar y comprender los rasgos más salientes de un tipo de intervención que conjuga, de manera tensa, la asistencia y la represión, y la ayuda y el control.
Lucha agraria y equipamiento de deseo en el contexto de la reactivación de la industria azucarera uruguaya
Authors: Martins Moraes Alex
Published: May 2021

En este artículo analizo cómo las demandas agrarias de un sindicato de trabajadores rurales del extremo norte del Uruguay han sido administradas en el marco de una política gubernamental de desarrollo que pretendió convertir a sus respectivos beneficiarios en productores eficientes de caña de azúcar. Desde una perspectiva que conjuga el pensamiento de Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari con el análisis marxiano de los sistemas de crédito, examino la convergencia conflictiva entre lucha agraria y desarrollo rural, conceptualizándola como un equipamiento inestable de captura del deseo colectivo. A través de la observación participante y en diálogo con los beneficiarios de las políticas de desarrollo en el norte uruguayo, evalúo las consecuencias económicas del “equipamiento de deseo”, señalo sus condiciones de (im)posibilidad y los caminos para su posible superación política. Finalizo reflexionando sobre la primacía creadora del deseo respecto de todo proceso de captura que apunte a encauzarlo y funcionalizarlo.
¿Cuánto tiempo me llevará salir de todo esto?
Authors: Medina Federico
Published: May 2021

En este artículo he adoptado una perspectiva antropológica para describir y analizar los

usos locales y los sentidos diversos asociados a la implementación de “medidas alterna

-

tivas” sobre jóvenes, por parte de la Oficina de Medidas Alternativas y Sustitutivas del

Poder Judicial de Santiago del Estero, provincia argentina situada en la región Noroeste.

Para ello, recurro a la reconstrucción de diversas situaciones etnográficas acontecidas

en esa dependencia judicial en el marco de una investigación de doctorado, buscando

indagar en las perspectivas tanto de los jóvenes que transitan por esa oficina como de

los actores institucionales que se relacionan con ellos durante el proceso de ejecución

de estas medidas. El argumento central del trabajo apunta a iluminar la dimensión

cotidiana del funcionamiento de esta dependencia judicial, poniendo en evidencia

que la utilización de medidas alternativas adquiere formas domésticas y usos locales

particulares que se sostienen sobre los mismos tópicos que dieron fundamento a las

medidas tutelares tradicionales
Dramas y dilemas en las intervenciones sobre la infancia “en riesgo” en un dispositivo estatal de protección de derechos
Authors: Larrea Natalia
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo se enmarca en una investigación etnográfica que busca avanzar en la comprensión de las modalidades que asume en la actualidad la protección de la infancia

considerada “en riesgo”. A partir de un trabajo de campo desarrollado en un dispositivo estatal de protección de derechos, analizo las modalidades de intervención sobre

la infancia y sus familias en una localidad de rango medio de la provincia de Buenos

Aires. El trabajo se centra en los escenarios dilemáticos que configura la traducción

del lenguaje de derechos en intervenciones concretas efectuadas por agentes de este

dispositivo. Con ello busco mostrar que los sentidos dados a la protección de la infancia, asociados principalmente a nociones como el consenso, la voluntariedad y la responsabilidad familiar, se tensionan en la práctica concreta y situada resignificando el

lenguaje de derechos en la interacción entre familias y Estado
A verdade dividida
Authors: Sousa Correa Ranna Mirthes
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em, a partir da prática do Núcleo de Promoção a

Filiação e Paternidade em Maceió-AL (NPF), apresentar estudo etnográfico sobre

as distintas moralidades, sensibilidades e noções de verdade que se articulam e se

tensionam entre as mães intimadas e as profissionais em torno dos procedimentos de

reconhecimento espontâneo da filiação paterna. A metodologia reuniu a observação

tanto da rotina de trabalho quanto das audiências de conciliação, a análise de entrevistas

e conversas guiadas por roteiro aberto na sala de espera. O artigo propõe entender,

como apontam outras investigações, a esfera legal como uma arena de moralidades em

disputa que mobilizam estratégias de resistência e agência, com ordens de normativida

de que competem muitas vezes com a legalidade oficial na busca pela filiação paterna.
Perencanaan Perhitungan AKNOP Pada Daerah Irigasi Mrican Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Irigasi
Authors: Tri Asmorowati Erna , Sarasanty Diah
Published: May 2021

Food security is one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals that must be achieved by 2030. One of the problems faced in achieving this target is the decrease in the function of irrigation infrastructure by ± 70%, resulting in the reduced water supply to agricultural land. The purpose of this research is to recalculate the operational and maintenance needs of the Mrican Irrigation Area by the applicable regulations and the current conditions of the study area for the needs of the 2021 budget year.The research was conducted in the Mrican Irrigation Area with an area of ​​30,341 ha located in 3 districts, namely Kediri, Nganjuk and, Jombang. The result of optimization calculation of personnel for operational activities and maintenance of irrigation networks in the Mrican Irrigation Area is 577 people. The length of the carrier line is 366 km and the drainage is 248 km long. The number of waterworks as many as 966 units. The results of calculations and analyzes that have been carried out, it is found that the amount of the Operational and Maintenance Real Needs of Mrican Irrigation Area for the irrigation operational management component is Rp. 6,329,767,232, the component of surface irrigation operation costs Rp. 31,490,208,724, and the maintenance component of the surface irrigation network is Rp. 22,685,844,371. The total cost of the Operational and Maintenance Real Needs of Mrican Irrigation Area is Rp. 60,505,820,327.
Las cooperativas como organizaciones inteligentes para disminuir la desigualdad social
Authors: Salazar Sergio
Published: May 2021

Las cooperativas han sido promovidas alrededor del mundo como una alternativa para la incorporación de las personas en el sistema económico y como opción para luchar contra las desigualdades sociales. La combinación de lo social y lo empresarial en una sola organización, busca alcanzar metas integrales en espacios locales y regionales. Actualmente las cooperativas son consideradas medios importantes para distribuir la riqueza y la prosperidad.

En ese contexto, en el presente artículo se desarrollan cuatro cualidades de las cooperativas buscando el desarrollo de nuevos elementos para fortalecer el modelo como organizaciones inteligentes.
Admissibilitas dan Inadmissibilitas dari Estimator Klasik dan Invers
Authors: Ekowati Christine Krisnandari
Published: May 2021

Dari data berpasangan (x1,y1), (x2,y2), … , (xn,yn) dimana xi tertentu atau terkontrol oleh pengamat, pengukuran xi akurat tetapi mahal biayanya atau dalam pengertian menghabiskan waktu, sedangkan yi kurang akurat tetapi lebih mudah diperoleh. Observasi yang akan datang yo dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi xo yang tidak terobservasi, dapat diambil beberapa observasi, katakan ada k pada xo yang tidak terobservasi. Selanjutnya rumusan masalahnya adalah bagaimana menentukan admissibilitas serta inadmissibilitas dari estimator klasik dan invers.

Metode penulisan dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah studi pustaka dengan mensitesa beberapa konsep tentang regresi terapan, estimasi titik, admissibilitas dan inadmissibilitas suatu estimator, kalibrasi linear. Kesimpulan akhir yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Estimator klasik inadmussubilitas yang ditunjukan dengan jalan menentukan suatu estimator lain yaitu estimator dari jenis Shrinkage yang mendominasi estimator klasik, (2) Estimator invers admissibilitas yang ditentukan dengan jalan menunjukan bahwa estimator tersebut adalah mean posterior dari 0 untuk fungsi kerugian galat kuadrat.
Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Berbasis ICT dalam Proses Pembelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Wangge Magdalena
Published: May 2021

For the presentation of the teachers' material more effectively and efficiently; therefore, it needs media learning that can motivate and stimulate students to morale in learning. One of them is by making use of ICT-based learning or media that we often call it TIK. This research aims to describe how the implementation of ICT-based learning media in learning mathematics in high school. This research is a research library. This research's nature is descriptive-i.e. decomposition analysis regularly, then the whole concept of giving comprehension and explanation to taste the result description. The analysis of the data used in this study analyzes the content (content analysis). The results of the research study this library is; (1) the existence of the benefits of ICT-based learning media in education; (2) the presence of the benefits of ICT-based learning media in the process of learning mathematics in high school.
Optimalisasi Antrian Dengan Algoritma Genetika di PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Unit Kelapa Lima
Authors: Rimo Imelda Hendriani Eku
Published: May 2021

One of the most disturbing problems in queuing at the bank is if the bank provides insufficient number of tellers to serve the customers. It will be obviously put the customers in an uncomfortable situation. To solve this problem the bank could increase the number of tellers but it could bring some loss on the bank side if it then turns out to be excessive although it will meet the demand of the customers. Thus, to find the most optimal solution to solve the problem in queuing system we use genetic algorithm. The main issues raised in this research are how to apply the genetic algorithm in solving the problem of queuing system in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Kupang Unit Kelapa Lima with Turbo Pascal 7.0 assistance and how to determine the most optimal queuing system by using genetic algorithm with Turbo Pascal 7.0 program assistance that can be applied in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Kupang Unit Kelapa Lima.

The purpose of genetic algorithm is to find the individuals with the highest value of fitness, thus the fitness function for the queuing system problem is the inversion of sum between how often a teller does not have customer to take care and the customer’s waiting time in a queue by using the genetic algorithm we could see that the sum of the optimal teller in busy hour is 4 tellers.
The Many-Colored Cloak
Authors: Mufti Malik
Published: May 2021

This articles argues (a) that democratic discourse has already become hegemonic among mainstream Islamist movements in Turkey and the Arab world; (b) that while this development originated in tactical calculations, it constitutes a consequential transformation in Islamist political thought; and (c) that this transformation, in turn, raises critical questions about the interaction of religion and democracy with which contemporary Islamists have not yet grappled adequately but which were anticipated by medieval philosophers such as al-Farabi and Ibn Rushd. The argument is laid out through an analysis (based on textual sources and interviews) of key decisions on electoral participation made by Turkey’s AK Party and the Muslim Brotherhoods in Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. Particular attention is focused on these movements’ gradual embrace of three key democratic principles: pluralism, the people as the source of political authority, and the legitimacy of such procedural mechanisms as multiple parties and regular elections.
A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries
Authors: Amin Ruzita Mohd.
Published: May 2021

The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the performance of merchandise trade of Muslim countries after they joined the WTO. I first analyze their participation in world merchandise trade and highlight their trade characteristics in general. This is then followed by a short discussion on the implications of WTO agreements on Muslim countries and some recommendations on how to face this challenge.
An Islamic Conceptual Framework of a Well-balanced Personality
Authors: Nik Yaakob Nik Rosila
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to highlight a conceptual framework of a well-balanced personality in the light of an Islamic point of view. The article begins with an explanation on the nature of human beings as the underlying concept on which the entire assumption of human personality is based. Further discussion will focus on the types of personality ‒ that is, nafs al-ammārah, nafs al-muţmainnah, and nafs al-lawwāmah. In this regard, the spiritual development process is about thecontinuous effort of the animal soul to subordinate itself to the power of the rational soul.1 Meanwhile, the educational process ‒ in particular, its methods and the curriculum content ‒ is discussed as an element of intervention in developing good personality traits. The exposition of this article’s writing is derived from scholarly and original sources of knowledge ‒ that is, the Holy Qur’ān and the tradition of the Prophet (ṢAAS), as well as the writings of Muslim scholars to verify and elucidate some of the relevant matters.
Action-Oriented Research in Education
Authors: Noaparast Khosrow Bagheri , Noaparast Mohammad Zoheir Bagheri
Published: May 2021

Comparative studies among cultures, particularly Western and Eastern ones, are vital and necessary. In this essay, we are presenting a comparison between Western and Islamic views. The focus of this study is on action-oriented educational research based on Charles Clark’s view as a more recent action-oriented view on educational research. The comparison between Clark’s view and the one we suggest that is inspired by the Islamic view of human action and shows that there are considerable commonalities between the two views as both of them avoid the mechanistic orientation and take human action into account. There are also differences between the two views regarding the distinction between fact and value, as well as the relation between means and ends in research.
Islamophobia, Euro-Islam, Islamism, and Post-Islamism
Authors: O’Brien Peter
Published: May 2021

Modern secularism, as theorized by such prominent liberal philosophers as John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, prescribes that the state should treat all religions equally on the condition that they and their adherents relinquish their theocratic aspirations and recognize the political sovereignty and superiority of man-made law. Convinced that the secular bargain undermines the moral virtue of society and its members, a small, fragmented, but nevertheless conspicuous number of Islamists in Europe prefer to observe Islamic law in all walks of life, private and public. Alarmed by Islamists and informed by Orientalist readings of Islam, an increasingly vehement and vociferous contingent of Islamophobes avers that Islam is inherently incompatible with democracy and urges European governments to treat neither Islam nor Muslims equally, but rather suspiciously as real or potential threats to the wellbeing of European societies. In contrast, advocates of Euro-Islam insist that Islam can be reformed, like Christianity, to meet the requirements of modern secularism. This article contends that elements of all three of these vying ideological positions have found their way into policymaking targeting Muslims in several European lands. The resulting inconsistency and contradiction – what I call policy “messiness” – corroborate the process of “mutual fragilization” theorized by Charles Taylor, in which actors facing radical value pluralism develop solicitude regarding their own principles as well as greater tolerance for ambivalence. The latter, in particular, creates what Homi Bhabha terms a “third space” from which actors confronting cultural pluralism can freely and constructively explore cross-fertilizations and hybrid combinations with the potential to yield yet unimagined approaches and solutions to the problems of “super-diversity.” I identify just such a creative hybridity among a younger generation of European Muslims whom many observers dub “post-Islamists.”
Between Identity and Difference
Authors: Aslan Ali
Published: May 2021

Amidst continuing debates whether it is a democratic or an authoritarian political actor, this study suggests a postfoundational view of Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AK Party). According to postfoundationalism, society is a contingent but necessary ground for the social, which is open-ended and overrides all social formations with its non-fixable differences. Democracy marks this stubborn character of the social and is antithetical to the idea of society, which entails the fixation of differences and a degree of social closure. On this basis, I argue that the AK Party is, in fact, a hegemonic popular political movement, as opposed to merely a political party, that subscribes to democracy and yet seeks to construct a society. Accordingly, I analyze how it strives to resolve this paradoxical situation by attempting to rearticulate and integrate democracy (and other signifiers) into its conservative/civilizational discourse.