bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development, characterization and solubility enhancement of BCS class II drug phenytoin by solid phospholipid dispersion technique
Authors: Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy Karri  , Sathish Ananthan  , Lavanya Mude
Published: January 2020

The poor aqueous solubility acts as a core challenge in oral dosage form development for BCS class II drugs. Phenytoin is taking as a model drug; the present study adopted an innovative solid phospholipid nanoparticle (SPLN) line of attack, and it is parallelly equated with the industrialized methods (freeze-drying) which are used for the boosting of solubility and dissolution of Phenytoin. Phenytoin was articulated along with phospholipid and mannitol at a diverse ratio of phenytoin, PL, mannitol, in which 1:12:18 was the correct ratio for ideal preparation. Freeze-drying helps to prepare SPLNs in orbicular shape, which is amorphous in nature with ≤ 1µm diameter on average. While the amorphous matrix-like structure of solid phospholipid dispersion with larger particle size is obtained by freeze-drying technique. Formulating the formulation from this method improved the dissolution rate in a remarkable way. Tris buffer with pH 7.4acts as an apparent solubility dissolved concentration of phenytoin. The poor aqueous solubility acts as a core challenge in oral dosage form development for BCS class II drugs. The decrease in the particle size or cumulating the drug surface area is the widely used practices to proliferate the solubility. The target of the present work was improvisation in solubility, dissolution of a poorly water-soluble drug, and its release by using solid phospholipid nanoparticles. Phenytoin is taking as a model drug. The solid phospholipid nanoparticles were primed by freeze-drying technique along with phospholipid and mannitol in diverse drug to excipients ratios (1:1, 1:2w: w). These preparations were assessed for compatibility study using FTIR, solubility enhancement study by XRD, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology by SEM, and in-vitro release study. As per the results, there is no influence of the excipients on the drug used. The solubility was increased by folds compared to in house prepared formulation.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial studies of Schiff bases of acyclovir
Authors: Abood S Huda  , Abdullah S. Asia  , Wrewish S Zainab
Published: January 2020

There is a crucial medical need for the progress of new antibacterial agents with new and more efficient mechanisms. Schiff bases are stated to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, which are largely due to the distinguishing C=N group. Furthermore, heterocyclic compounds containing acyclic hydroxylated side chains, for example, acyclovir (ACV), are an essential class of antiviral acyclonucleosides. Therefore, this work was to synthesize and evaluate a new series of acyclovir analogues bearing a Schiff base moiety. Some of Schiff's bases synthesis in an ethanolic solution of drug, aldehydes, and glacial acetic acid as a catalyst followed in the synthesis of substituted acyclovir drug compounds. In this work, two new series of acyclovir analogues bearing a Schiff base moiety were Synthesised, characterized, and confirmed by various spectral techniques like FTIR, CHN, and 1HNMR spectra, in addition to melting point and retardation factor (Rf.). The biological activity of synthesized Schiff base compounds measured against a panel of various bacteria. The results revealed that these compounds showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as bacillus and Gram-negative bacteria such as proteus, E-coli, pseudomonas, and klebsiella. It concluded that synthesized Schiff base compounds showed higher antibacterial activity than acyclovir that they derived from it.
Biological Effective of organic solvent extracts of Datura innoxia Leaves in the Cumulative and Non-cumulative for mortality of Immature insect Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera : Culicidae)
Authors: Wassen Ali Adday  , Mohammed Ridha Annon
Published: January 2020

The present research included the evaluation of the efficiency of organic solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol) separately using ppm (100, 250, 5001500, 1000, 2000) concentrations of Datura innoxia leaves. In the non- cumulative and cumulative mortality of the immature stage of Culex quinquefaciatus Say mosquitoes where LC50 and LC90 by probit analysis were estimated. The hexane extract of the leaves D.innoxia plant was the most affected hexane extract was the most effective of ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol in the non-cumulative mortality of the immature instar where LC50 for egg mortality was (1495.8, 1727.2, 2199.9) ppm for hexane extract, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol respectively  For the four larva linstar, the first larval instar were the most sensitive of the larval instar of all extracts The hexan extract was LC50(245.8, 301.1, 418.4, 1128.6) PPM The ethyl acetate extract was LC50 (246.9, 375.3, 622.6, 1188.2) ppm for the four larvae instar respectively. The LC50 for ethyl alcohol extract (332.4, 568.5 1004.7, 1446.6) ppm. In instar pupa, the value of LC50 (1146.5, 1179.6, 1249.6) ppm for hexane extract, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol, respectively. As for the cumulative depreciation, the cumulative mortality rate of the immature stage reached 100% at the concentration of 2000ppm and for all organic solvents compared to the control, which was limited to (8-17) %.
CARDIAC MYXOMA IN A DOG
Authors: Šimundić Metka , Domanjko Petrič Aleksandra , Pavlin Darja , Zemljič Tadej , Firm Igor , Gombač Mitja , Srečnik Špela , Stojov Mateja , Šimenc Laura , Švara Tanja
Published: January 2020

Cardiac tumours occur very rarely in domesticated animals and humans. The most common cardiac tumours in dogs are hemangiosarcoma and chemodectoma. Myxoma, on the other hand, occurs extremely rarely. In this report, we present a case of an 11-year-old, spayed, mixed-breed dog with a myxoma arising from the tricuspid valve. The dog presented with syncope, tachypnea, tachycardia, exercise intolerance and progressive ascites. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a polypoid intracavitary mass in the right heart. At necropsy, a polypoid, red mass was observed arising from the tricuspid valve. Histologically, the mass was composed of spindle-shaped and stellate cells with small hyperchromatic nuclei surrounded with myxoid matrix. After performing immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells were found to be strongly positive for vimentin. Based on gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical staining features, the neoplasm was diagnosed as a cardiac myxoma. Key words: myxoma; heart; dog; two-dimensional echocardiography; histopathology; immunohistochemistry MIKSOM SRCA PRI PSUPovzetek: Tumorji srca so pri živalih in ljudeh redki. Pri psih se v srcu najbolj pogosto pojavljata hemangiosarkom in kemodektom, pojavnost miksomov pa je izjemno nizka. V prispevku predstavljamo primer miksoma triksupidalne zaklopke pri psički mešanki, stari 11 let. Psička je prišla na pregled zaradi enkratne sinkope in ker je bila bolj mirna in utrujena. Ugotovili smo tahikardijo, tahipnejo in progresivni ascites. Z dvodimenzionalno ultrazvočno preiskavo smo v desnem delu srca ugotovili polipoidno intrakavitarno maso. Pri raztelesbi smo ugotovili, da je polipoidna, temno rdeča novotvorba izraščala iz parietalnega lista triksupidalne zaklopke. Mikroskopsko je bila novotvorba zgrajena iz vretenastih in zvezdastih celic, z majhnimi, hiperkromatičnimi jedri, ki jih je obdajal miksoidni matriks. Z imunohistokemičnim barvanjem smo potrdili, da so novotvorbne celice izražale vimentin. Novotvorbo smo na osnovi makroskopskih in mikroskopskih značilnosti diagnosticirali kot miksom srca.Ključne besede: miksom; srce; pes; dvodimenzionalna ultrazvočna preiskava; histopatologija; imunohistokemija
Ohiko eta ezohiko maratoien erronka. Irabaziko ahal dugu!
Authors: Esnal Amundarain Haritz , Sarriegi Gorrotxategi Nerea , Rodríguez Rivera Maria Reyes , Palenzuela Arocena Ricardo , Urcelay Olabarria Maite , Zubia Olascoaga Felix
Published: January 2020

Ultramaratoia maratoia baino luzeagoa den lasterketari deitzen zaio. Gaur egun lasterketa mota hauek gorakada handia izan dutenez, osasunean izan ditzaketen ondorioak aztertzeko helburuarekin artikulu hau idaztea pentsatu dugu, alde batetik, bibliografiak zer dioen ikusiz, eta, bestetik, 2017. urtean antolatu zen Ehunmilak lasterketa-multzoan egindako artatzeak aztertuz. Uptodate erabiliz, bilaketa egin dugu kirolaren inguruan dauden gaixotasunei buruz eta multzoka aztertu eta ondo xehatu ditugu. Datu-bilketa 2017. urteko uztailaren 7tik 9ra egin zen Ehunmilak lasterketa multzoan Gurutze Gorriak bildutako artatze-datuetatik egin dugu. Bibliografia eta datuak aztertuz, garbi ikusten da gaitz ohikoenak arinak diren azaleko asaldurak direla (babak gehiengoetan), zaintiratu eta lesio muskularrak ere ohikoak izanik. Dena den, badira ere larriagoak diren gertaerak eta horien aurrean prest egotea gomendagarria da, maila egokiko antolakuntza-sistema bat eraikiz.
Поправка к статье: Представление о водородной связи, следующее из теории обобщенных зарядов. Журнал структурной химии. Т. 60, № 11, с. 1765
Authors: Долгоносов А.М.
Published: January 2020

В оригинале на стр. 1770 в формуле (23) допущена опечатка. Вместо αH…X ≈ 2αHX следует читать: rH…X ≈ 2rHX.
The KGB and Anti-Israel Propaganda Operations
Authors: Cohen Eli , (Betty) Boyd Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

Aim/Purpose: The paper explores the success of KGB Operation SIG to incite hatred and create chaos against a democracy

Background: About 50 years ago, the KGB created the means to create upheaval in the Mid-dle East. This paper explores one such campaign and its successor campaign, revealing some disinformation techniques in use today.

Methodology: The paper brings together literature from many fields in its exploration of Op-eration SIG.

Contribution: The paper reveals the role of the KGB in the PLO’s campaign to replace Israel with an Arab Muslim state and the PLO and Hamas’s successor disinformation mechanisms

Findings: Operation SIG is an early and extremely successful example of the Sovi-et/Russian campaign to disrupt democracy.

Recommendation for Researchers: The recurrence of antisemitism, particularly on campus, can be attributed to Operation SIG.
Performance Appraisal of Non-governmental Organizations: A Discussion on Pakistan 2010 Floods Response and Recovery
Authors: Ali A. , Baig N. , Khan A.
Published: January 2020

The paper examines in detail the role of NGOs (Non-governmental Organizations) in response and recovery phase of a disaster. Donors, INGOs (International Non-governmental Organizations) and NGOs work for the betterment of affected community but due to certain shortfalls, the community did not benefit as much as intended. In this research those gray areas are highlighted in detail through field visits and interaction with the community devastated by 2010 floods. Lack of inter-agency cooperation, partnership with inexperienced local NGOs and lack of transparency and accountability mechanisms are those areas which reduce the effectiveness of response and recovery efforts. These gray areas cause loss of precious resources and duplication of efforts which results in increased vulnerability of that particular community.
Physical Fitness and Metabolic Profile among Malay Undergraduates of a Public University in Selangor Malaysia
Authors: Emad M. , Kandiah M. , Lim W. K. , Barakatun-Nisak M. Y. , Rahmat A. , Norasruddin S. , Appukutty M.
Published: January 2020

This study investigated health-related components of physical fitness consisting of morphological fitness (body fat % or BF %; Body Mass Index or BMI; and waist circumference or WC), metabolic fitness (blood glucose, lipid profiles and haemoglobin) and aerobic capacity (VO2max). This crosssectional study involved 324 undergraduates recruited voluntarily by systematic random sampling from a public university in the city Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia. The respondents’ aerobic capacity was measured by field fitness tests and anthropometric measurements using standard protocols. The mean BMI of respondents was 22.51 ± 4.18 kg/m2, and majority of the respondents (93%) are within normal range of WC. The prevalence of underweight was 13.5% and overweight/obese was 20.2%. The blood glucose levels of respondents were within the normal range (94.4%) and about 5% of female respondents had moderate anaemia. More than 70% of the males and 25% of the females had poor VO2max levels (aerobic capacity). In summary, the present results suggest the necessity of health promotion programme focusing on physical activity and nutrition for university students.
PENGARUH ZEOLIT DALAM PUPUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN BADUNG PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Jufri Akhmad , Rosjidi Mochamad
Published: January 2020

Many efforts are conducted to increase the fertilising efficiency, especially nitrogen in rice cultivation practices. This field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of zeolite on growth and production of lowland rice during rainy season in Badung, Bali. The experiment showed that fertilizer mixed with zeolite resulted in the same growth and productivity, although the fertilising doses was reduced. This means that zeolite incread fertilising efficiency in rice cultivation.
MEKANISME PELEPASAN HORMON GONADOTROPIN (GtH-II) IKAN LELE (Clarias sp) SETELAH DI INDUKSI LASERPUNKTUR PADA TITIK REPRODUKSI
Authors: P.S.W Kusuma , Marhendra Agung P.W. , Aulanni’am Aulanni’am
Published: January 2020

Induction laserpuncture effectively stimulates gonad maturation and spawning, but the associated gonadotropin releasing hormone (LH / GtH-II) mechanism is still unknown. So the purpose of this study demonstrate the mechanism of the release of GTH-II on catfish (Clarias sp.) after induction laserpuncture at the reproduction acupoint. The test fish consisted of 54 males and 54 females aged 8-9 months from the F1 hybrid Sangkuriang type female and Paiton type male parents. Ourstudy employed an experimental method with completely randomized design. The treatment comprised 6 levels with 9 repetitions. We were to observe gonadotropin hormone (GtH-II) concentrations pre-spawn, spawn, post-spawning in the laserpuncture exposed. As a comparison investigations were also conducted to untreated (control). Blood sampling performed at 6 h after induction laserpuncture. Hormone levels using the Elisa test kits Fish Luteinizing Hormone (LH) BIOTECH CO. CUSABIO., LTD. by Catalog No.. CSB-E15791Fh. The test results significant effect (P<0.05) increased levels of GtH-II profiles between laserpuncture inductionwith control, which profiles GTH-II levels pre-spawn conditions higher 2.2468, as well as the higher spawn condition 1,5409 in comparison with controls. However, the condition post-spawning in induction laserpuncture lower value 1.1131 compared with controls. This suggests that induction laserpuncture at the reproduction acupoint can stimulate of GABA release from GABAergic neurons pre-spawn and spawn condition. GABA stimulates the hypothalamus to release GnRH neurons. GnRH neurons stimulates the pituitary to GtH-II release. GtH-II will affect the acceleration of gonad maturation and spawning.
PERTUMBUHAN, KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS RIMPANG JAHE (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) PADA CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN DI BAWAH NAUNGAN
Authors: Devy Lukita , Nawfetrias Winda
Published: January 2020

This research studied the growth, quantity and quality of ginger rhizome under drought stress condition. The drought stress condition was 60% of soil field capacity. This experiment was arranged in randomized complete block designed. The treatments were drought stress periods (6, 4, 2 and 0 week before harvesting) with six replications. The result showed that drought stress period affected the quantity (rhizome dry weight) and quality (gingerol content) of ginger. Rhizome dry weight was decreased with the increase of drought stress period, while gingerol content showed opposite trend.
Examining barriers for establishing a national data service
Authors: Štebe Janez
Published: January 2020

A system for monitoring the current situation of Data Archive Services (DAS) maturity in European countries was developed during the CESSDA Strengthening and Widening in (SaW 2016 and 2017) and further adapted in CESSDA Widening Activities 2018 (WA 2018) projects for continuous monitoring. An assessment of the existing national data sharing culture, the development of the social science sector and its production of high-quality research data, the funders’ research data policy requirements, and the capacity and skills of national grassroots initiatives, provide a framework for understanding the current situation in different countries. Methods used in the projects, included desk research of  existing documents and a survey, combined with extensive interviews focused on the area of expertise of the informants (individuals from data services, research and decision makers’ representatives from each country). The focus of the paper is the situation in 20 non-member CESSDA European countries with emerging and immature DAS initiatives. Results show that countries are slowly but persistently removing the key obstacles in establishing a DAS initiative in their respective countries. The remaining obstacles reside mainly outside the control of the data professional community – namely research funders slowly adopt data sharing policies and incentives for data sharing, including the provision of a sustainable DAS infrastructure, capable of supporting researchers with publishing and accessing research data. The results show that the lack of expertise and skills of DAS initiatives, their understanding of tools and services or organizational settings are not such an issue, as more mature DAS are organising training and mentorship activities. Detailed guidance in the DAS advocacy and planning was prepared in the framework of the above-mentioned pan-European and some past regional projects. The tools and framework of those activities will be referred to in the discussions as a resource that can be used in other countries and continents.
A Responsabilidade Tributária dos Sócios na Sociedade Limitada: Uma Análise Contábil
Authors: De Souza Thais Vilanova , Miranda Marcela Cavalini , Lopes Juliano De Jesus
Published: January 2020

Este artigo analisa a responsabilidade tributária dos sócios na sociedade limitada, com o intuito de transmitir esclarecimentos da limitação dessa responsabilidade, conforme as orientações do artigo 1.052 do Código Civil. Considerando que esse assunto é pouco explorado sob a perspectiva contábil, este trabalho tem como objetivo do estudo analisar a responsabilidade tributária dos participantes do quadro societário da limitada. Para apresentar através da análise contábil, a responsabilidade tributária dos sócios, e também a contribuição da conduta ética do contador em fazer valer essa responsabilidade, utilizando o balanço patrimonial para fins de demonstração. A caracterização de limitação da responsabilidade tributária dos sócios está relacionado ao limite das quotas subscritas do capital social. Posteriormente, confrontou-se o referencial teórico desenvolvido por meio da revisão da literatura, sobre os conceitos que respaldam o tema, com um estudo de caso que comprova através do contrato social e um balanço patrimonial, pelo método qualitativo, o cumprimento da integralização do capital social. Desse modo, pode-se concluir, de acordo com os resultados obtidos, uma vez integralizado o montante negociado, conforme exposto no contrato social, os sócios estão isentos das responsabilidades por dívidas que a sociedade contrair.
Da Internet para as Ruas: O Ativismo Virtual como Movimento Modificador da Participação Popular no Cenário Brasileiro
Authors: Mendonça Lôbo de Carvalho Marina Rúbia , Sirqueira Márcio Costa
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo teve por finalidade analisar as modificações geradas pelo ativismo oriundo da internet e sua influência na construção da participação popular, sobretudo as implementações geradas no Brasil. A pesquisa baseou-se no tipo bibliográfico e foi utilizado o método dedutivo para que, inicialmente, se explanasse sobre a origem da democracia e a participação popular, apresentado o modelo brasileiro. Em seguida, passou-se a analisar os efeitos do ativismo na internet, explicando o movimento do ciberativismo e, depois, deu-se especial ênfase na modificação do cenário brasileiro, à luz das manifestações de junho de 2013 no país. Por fim, buscou-se demonstrar o impacto do ciberativismo e as implementações geradas por ele no Brasil.
A Inaplicabilidade do Princípio da Insignificância em Crimes Ambientais
Authors: Xavier Assis Ana Laura , Borges Reis Gabriel De Castro
Published: January 2020

O trabalho sobre a inaplicabilidade do princípio da insignificância em matéria ambiental, são abordados os principais pontos do direito ambiental, bem como as diferentes responsabilidades ambientais, as consequências ambientais acerca do tratamento da insignificância em crimes contra o meio ambiente e, a existência ou não de crimes ambientais de menor potencial ofensivo, analisando a relevância dos crimes ambientais, os quais não devem oferecer risco às sociedades presentes e futuras. Dessa forma, utiliza-se, para a pesquisa, análise da legislação ambiental e a Constituição Federal, as quais serão tratadas à luz do ordenamento jurídico, da hermenêutica jurídica e dos entendimentos jurisprudenciais acerca da aplicação do referido princípio. Para tanto, o método traduzido a análise de um caso fictício dotado de verossimilhança teórica, com o objetivo de explicar questões práticas e teóricas existentes no tema. O artigo, ainda discute, sobre o conceito de dano ambiental e as dimensões deste.
As Consequências Punitivas do Tráfico de Semoventes na Legislação Ambiental
Authors: De Lima Francisco Edmilso , Ferreira Rildo Mourão
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem o escopo de abordar a matéria ambiental relacionada ao tráfico de animais silvestres, bem como, demonstrar como esta atividade ilícita contribui para a extinção da fauna brasileira. O tráfico só ocorre se existir consumidores para fomentar tal oferta, então a conscientização da população é peça fundamental para evitar que este crime ocorra. A legislação que protege a fauna, que é a Lei dos Crimes Ambientais, não é suficiente para prevenir e impedir os crimes contra animais silvestres. Explana também acerca dos crimes contra a fauna na Lei nº 9605/98 e no direito penal e ambiental. A metodologia adotada foi leis e doutrinas a respeito do tema. O resultado é que o poder público precisa cumprir as leis em relação a fiscalização e punição das informações do tráfico de semoventes.
Habeas Corpus – À Contradição Entre o Proclamado Acesso à Justiça e as Políticas Restritivas do Judiciário
Authors: Leal Rogério Pereira , Leão Tolini José Cristiano
Published: January 2020

O uso dos direitos e das garantias fundamentais do habeas corpus, estabelecendo uma linha entre a Constituição Federal de 1988 e a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. A possibilidade de um Estado Parte suspender a utilização do habeas corpus mesmo em tempo de ameaça a paz social e a política, em detrimento de uma pessoa ameaçada de prisão. Trata-se de estudo comparativo acerca de uma possível proibição da impetração de habeas corpus durante o estado de sítio conforme os artigos 138 e 139 da Carta Magna, ocorrido durante a vigência do AI-5.
Os Novos Paradigmas do Negócio Jurídico Após a Convenção de Nova York
Authors: Stival Mariane Morato , Da Silva Paz Katia Rúbia , De Souza Peixoto Caio Abner
Published: January 2020

A Convenção de Nova York, ratificada em 2008 pelo Brasil, ampliou o conceito da capacidade civil, de modo que agora alcança todas as pessoas com deficiência. O presente artigo versa sobre os efeitos do postulado pela Convenção de Nova York no negócio jurídico celebrado por pessoas com deficiência intelectual, eis que agora, independente do grau de deficiência, todos os atos praticados por tais pessoas alcançam a validade plena, o que pode significar prejuízos. O trabalho tem como desafio apresentar soluções para as lacunas deixadas pelo Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência, lei que regulamentou a Convenção de Nova York. Para isto, aborda-se de início o Tratado Internacional, bem como seu impacto no direito brasileiro; estuda os conceitos fundamentais de capacidade e de negócio jurídico; e, por fim, debruça-se a apontar as possíveis soluções práticas. A metodologia utilizada foi bibliográfica, com utilização da teoria nacional e internacional.
Efek Hipoglikemik Ekstrak Biji Buah Wali (Brucea Javanica L. Merr) Pada Tikus Wistar Yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Manuaba Ida Bagus Putra , Faturrahman Faturrahman , Hamdin Candra Dwipayana
Published: January 2020

Buah wali (Brucea javanica L. Merr) telah lama digunakan sebagai obat penyakit diabetes oleh masyarakat di daerah Sesaot. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek hipoglikemik ekstrak biji buah wali terhadap kadar gula darah puasa (GDP) tikus wistar yang mengalami diabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode experimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Terdapat delapan kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol positif (K+) dengan terapi glibenklamid 0.5 mg/kgBB, kelompok kontrol negatif (K-) yaitu hewan diabetes dengan pemberian cmc na 0.5%, kelompok N adalah hewan tidak diabetes danÃÂ  kelompok pemberian variasi dosis ekstrak biji buah wali (D1, D2, D3, D4, dan D5). Pembuatan hewan model diabetes dilakukan dengan cara induksi aloksan (125 mg/kgBB) secara intravena pada setiap kelompok kecuali pada kelompok N. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Anova dan LSD. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan persentase penurunan rata-rata gula darah selama 15 hari pengamatan sebesar 4% (D1), 10% (D2), 22% (D3), 6% (D4), 6% (D5), 14% (K+), 4% (K-), dan 2% pada kelompok N. Hasil uji Anova menunjukan bahwa p <0,05 yang berarti ada pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji buah wali terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah tikus. Uji LSD menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terjadi pada kelompok K+ dan kelompok variasi dosis ekstrak terhadap kelompok K- dengan nilai LSD p <0.05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, esktrak biji buah wali dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa pada hewan uji diabetes dengan penurunan terbesar (22%) pada kelompok D3 dengan dosis 25 mg/kgBB
Efektivitas Penggunaan Video Pembelajaran Materi Usaha Dan Energi Berbasis Permainan Tradisional
Authors: Yelensi Yeyen , Wiyono Ketang , Andriani Nely
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan video pembelajaran materi usaha dan energi berbasis permainan tradisional kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Indralaya Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-experimental dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test post-test design dengan sampel penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X MIPA 1 yang berjumlah 28 orang. Proses pembelajaran di kelas X MIPA 1 menggunakan video pembelajaran berbasis permainan tradisional materi usaha dan energi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes essay sebanyak 5 soal. Dari hasil penelitian didapat rata-rata pretest sebesar 35,11. Setelah treatment, hasil rata-rata posttest sebesar 66,28. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik mengunakan wilcoxon signed ranks dapat diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansinya adalah 0,000 karena signifikansi yaitu 0,000 < 0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik dengan mengggunakan video pembelajaran berbasis permainan tradisional. Berdasarkan hasil rata-rata analisis N-gain diperoleh nilai 0,48 yang termasuk pada kategori sedang, sehingga video pembelajaran berbasis permainan tradisional dikatakan efektif. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa video pembelajaran berbasis permainan tradisional efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika kelas XÃÂ  SMA Negeri 1 Indralaya Utara.ÃÂ
Pengaruh Penggunaan Bahan Ajar IPA Materi Sistem Ekskresi Berbasis Inkuiri Terhadap Peningkatan Literasi Sains
Authors: Fidiantara Fidiani , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Merta I Wayan
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan literasi sains pada materi Sistem Ekskresi siswa kelas VIII di MTsN 1 Mataram. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen semu (Quasi Experiment) dengan menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis inkuiri. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Mataram pada tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 8 kelas. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji gain ternormalisasi dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat literasi sains siswa pada kelas VIIIÃ¢â¬â¢1 sebagai kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari pada kelas VIIIÃ¢â¬â¢2 sebagai kelas kontrol yaitu pada kelas VIIIÃ¢â¬â¢1 memiliki skor gain ternormalisasi sebesar 0,70 sedangkan kelas VIIIÃ¢â¬â¢2 memiliki skor gain ternormalisasi sebesar 0,56, dan penigkatan literasi sains siswa masuk dalam kategori sedang. Hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji-t menyatakan nilai thitung (3,26) > ttabel (1,67), yang berarti Ha diterima, sehingga penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis inkuiri dapat meningkatkan literasi sains siswa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis inkuiri dapat meningkatkan literasi sains siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Mataram.
Validitas Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis CCM-CCA Pada Materi Dinamika Partikel
Authors: Makhrus Muh , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Taufik Muhammad , Zuhdi Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Kesalahan konsep sering didasarkan pada pengalaman pribadi dan sulit untuk berubah ke pemahaman konten ilmiahnya, bahkan setelah pembelajaran dirancang untuk menangani konten ilmiah di mana kesalahan konsep terjadi, banyak mahasiswa tidak merekonstruksi pemikirannya. Mahasiswa yang mampu merekonstruksi pengetahuan (perubahan konseptual) adalah yang menggunakan pemikiran kritis dan penalaran logis. ÃÂ Konflik kognitif memiliki peran penting dalam terjadinya perubahan konseptual. Seorang pendidik yang dapat meyakinkan peserta didik bahwa konsepsi-konsepsi fisika yang dimiliki merupakan konsepsi yang salah (miskonsepsi), maka mahasiswa akan yakin bahwa dia membutuhkan perubahan konseptual. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis model pembelajaran CCM CCA (Concetual Change Model with Cognitive Conflict Approach) sebagai suatu produk yang valid beserta instrumennya yang akan dapat memfasilitasi terjadinya perubahan konseptual pada mahasiswa. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan mencakup materi dinamika partikel yang terdiri dari hukum Newton dan Usaha-Energi dengan masing-masing materi memiliki 3 SAP dan 3 LKM. Validasi perangkat pembelajaran secara isi dan konstruk dilakukan dengan teknik FGD (Focused Group Discussions) oleh ahli (expert) di bidang pendidikan fisika. Hasil validasi perangkat pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran CCM-CCA yang dikembangkan layak (valid) digunakan pada pembelajaran fisika dasar dengan melakukan sedikit revisi berdasarkan saran/masukan dari peserta FGD.ÃÂ
Inovasi Pembelajaran IPA (Fisika) di SD dengan Pemanfaatan Kit Alternatif dan Alat Sederhana yang Berasal dari Lingkungan
Authors: Ayub Syahrial , Makhrus Muh , Sutrio Sutrio , Gunada I Wayan , Taufik Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Telah dibuat Kit IPA Alternatif untuk inovasi pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar (SD). Kit IPA ini dibuat dengan memanfaatkan bahan-bahan dari lingkungan sekitar dan sangat mudah mendapatkan. Kit IPA ini dapat menjadi pilihan bila di suatu sekolah tidak mempunyai Kit-Kit yang dari pabrik (Kit INPRES dan Kit SEQIP) sehingga tidak ada alasan bagi guru untuk tidak mengajar dengan variatif. Ada beberapa manfaat yang didapat dengan dibuat dan diterapkannya Kit IPA alternatf ini dalam pembelajaran di sekolah, yaitu: (1) Kegiatan belajar mengajar akan lebih bermakna jika melibatkan seluruh indera. Dengan melihat, mendengar, merasakan, mengamati dan mengalami atau mempraktekkan sendiri, siswa akan mengalami internalisasi konsep pemebalajaran IPA secara mendalam, (2) Akan lebih menyenangkan dan mengesankan bagi siswa jika alat yang ada di Kit ini dikemas oleh guru dalam bentuk permainan, dan suasana kompetisi yang sehat untuk maju bersama, (3) percobaan-percobaan IPA yang didesain dengan menggunakan Kit ini diharapkan dapat menumbuhkembangkan dan melatih sikap ilmiah siswa dan menemukan konsep IPA seperti: proses letusan gunungapi, pembentukan batuan beku, kapal selam sederhana, aliran air, kalorimeter sederhana, lampu stopan sederhana, pembangkit listrik tenaga angin, tekanan hidrostatis, dan lainnya. Kit IPA Alternatif ini juga dilengkapi dengan buku petunjuk yang berisi: Kelas/Semester, Indikator, Tujuan Pembelajaran, Saran penerapan dalam pembelajaran, Alat dan bahan, Prosedur, Pertanyaan dan Penjelasan. Respon peserta didik terhadap inovasi pembelajaran IPA dengan Kit IPA alternatif sangat baik (78,06%).
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar dan LKPD IPA untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Literasi Sains Bagi Guru Anggota MGMP IPA SMP di Kota Mataram
Authors: Setiadi Dadi , Jufri A Wahab , Ramdani Agus , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Bachtiar Imam
Published: January 2020

Pengembangan kompetensi literasi sains merupakan hal yang penting dalam membekali peserta didik  di tingkat satuan pendidikan menengah pertama/SMP. Kompetensi tersebut  merupakan dasar untuk pengembangan tagihan kompetensi  kurikulum 2013 SMP termasuk didalamnya adalah  proses dan evaluasi hasil belajar. Selain itu kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran IPA SMP 2013 menagih peserta didik untuk bisa memiliki keterampilan berpikir tinggi dan kreatif dimana didalamnya termasuk kemampuan literasi sains. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut perlu didukung adanya bahan ajar dan LKPD yang dapat mengarahkan peserta didik memiliki kemampuan literaisi sains. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian yang akan dilakukan  adalah  Mengembangkan pemahaman guru an Hasil menunjukan bahwa peserta workshop guru-guru SMP mata pelajaran IPA memiliki pemahaman sangat baik dan komprehensif terkait dengan pemahaman bagaimana menysusun bahan ajar dan LKPD  yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik SMP dalam pelajaran IPA. Selain itu para peserta telah memiliki keterampilan dalam menyusun bahan ajar dan LKPD yang dapat keningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik. Tetapi tim pengabdian harus terus mendampingi para guru tersebut sampai betul betul terampil dalam menyusun bahan ajar LKPD sampai dengan merevisi ketika digunakan dan mengembangkannya agarn hasil tersebut bisa memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik.Kemampuan para peserta workshop yang cukup baik dalam menyusun bahan ajar dan LKPD mata pelajaran IPA bisa memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran IPA di SMP di Kota Mataram khususnya dalam mengembangkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik. Selain itu bahan ajar dan LKPD perlu tetap dikembangkan disesuaikan dengan kondisi peserta didik dan tagihan hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPA di SMP di masa sekarang dan akan dating sehingga kompetensi  peserta didik sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan dan kondisi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.ggota MGMP IPA Kota Mataram dalam menyusun bahan ajar dan LKPD yang dapat meningkatkan kemamapuan literasi sains; Mengembangkan keterampilan guru guru anggota MGMP IPA Kota Mataram dalam menyusun LKPD yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah melalui workshop yang lebih berbasis pada praktek langsung menyusun dan mendisain bahan ajar dan LKPD yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains.  Kata-Kata Kunci :  literasi sains. bahan ajar LKPD
Pelatihan Ekowisata Berbasis Potensi Flora Fauna pada Masyarakat di TWA Gunung Tunak
Authors: Hadiprayitno Gito , Setiadi Dadi
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat  yang bertujuan untuk (1) mengenalkan potensi flora fauna pada masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar TWA Gunung Tunak, (2) melatih masyarakat untuk melakukan proses identifikasi dan inventarisasi flora fauna dengan mudah, praktis dan bisa digunakan dalam pengembangan ekowisata di TWA Gunung Tunak, dan (3) membuat dan mengembangkan leaflet ekowisata berbasis potensi flora fauna yang ada di TWA Gunung Tunak. Kegiatan pengabdian ini telah dilakukan bersama dengan masyarakat lokal yang tinggal di sekitar TWA Gunung Tunak. Teknik kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan dalam bentuk sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Kegiatan sosialisasi dilakukan secara klasikal dengan memberikan informasi yang terkait dengan potensi flora fauna yang ada di TWA Gunung Tunak. Sementara itu  kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan dengan melakukan survei dan obervasi lapang dalam bentuk  identifikasi dan inventarisasi flora fauna yang ada di TWA Gunung Tunak. Hasil pengabdian yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan beberapa point penting di antaranya ialah (1) potensi flora dan fauna yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi ekowisata di TWA Gunung Tunak terdiri dari 32 spesies burung dan 52 spesies kupu, (2) hasil observasi bersama dengan Forum Komunikasi Masyarakat Tunak Besopoq memberikan rekomendasi untuk menggunakan spesies burung target dalam pengembangan ekowisata lebih lanjut di antaranya ialah Caloenas nicobarica, Pitta elegans, Megapodius reinwardt, dan Philemon buceroides, sedangkan spesies kupu-kupu terdiri dari Troides helena dan Pachilopta aristolochiae, dan (3) sosialisasi lebih lanjut potensi flora dan fauna yang ada di TWA Gunung Tunak akan dilakukan oleh Forum Komunikasi Masyarakat Tunak Besopoq dengan membagikan leaflet hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini kepada para wisatawan pada saat berkunjung ke TWA Gunung Tunak dan akan dilakukan secara online melalui webnya Forum Komunikasi Masyarakat Tunak Besopoq.
DEVELOPING MOLLUCAN CONTENT LISTENING MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS SMA ADVENT GRADE XI
Authors: & Queen Stella Lelong Marcy  Ferdinandus
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this research is to develop Mollucan content material for students at Grade XI SMA Advent in Ambon through Research and development design. In collecting the data, the researchers used theoretical try-out, main field try-out and operational field tryout. The results of research showed that the materials were effective for teaching listening to improve students’ ability through introducing Mollucan wisdom for students. The results of theoretical try-out is a score 78% which can be categorized as good. The result of main field try-out showed that the students felt confidence in working on exercise and enjoy them. The result of operational field try-out (testing) showed that from 20 students the average score is 87, which can be categorized as excellent
Sistem Peradilan Pidana Berkeadilan melalui Pendekatan Kontrol dalam Proses Penegakan Hukum
Authors: Hasuri Hasuri
Published: January 2020

Justice in the criminal justice system is a static and dynamic in accordance with the space, time and conditions of criminal acts, justice has legal aspects in criminal justice. Understanding justice in the criminal justice system will be found differences in justice that are relatively in accordance with criminal acts and the consequences of these criminal acts. The clean and authoritative administration of justice is the ideals of the judiciary in Indonesia and the hope of seeking justice, the face of the judiciary forms a fair criminal justice system if under ideal conditions, sometimes the criminal justice system does not escape the pressures of the interests of those who want to polarize the law in accordance with a sense of justice constructed by law enforcement as a sub-system of the judiciary body. Normative law enforcement is a series of actions to maintain material law that has been violated by legal subjects in general, law enforcement in the criminal justice system has unique characteristics and procedures in accordance with the legal system adopted and continuously shifts in balance through a renewed legal system . Relevant issues to be examined are: What is the basic idea of a fair trial, How to approach the control of the criminal justice system as an alternative to distributing justice. This study uses a constructivist paradigm with Non-Doctrinal Approach Method or socio-legal research with Qualitative methods, the research specifications are using analytical descriptive, the main data types in this study are field data and are supported by library data, data analysis methods are using Juridical-Qualitative data. For field data validation using interview and observation techniques. The results of the research and discussion in this study are in accordance with the problems that were the focus of the study found the following matters: First, the lack of harmony between the legal system and the criminal law enforcement system has an impact on the basic idea of the criminal justice system. Second, control in the criminal justice system is part of the transformation and reform of the legal system in the criminal justice system.
Stabilitas Pemerintahan Pasca Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia antara Checks and Balances dan Demokrasi Transaksional
Authors: Fuqoha Fuqoha , Nugroho Arif , Firdausi Indrianti Azhar
Published: January 2020

Realizing of implementation a democratic State, in Indonesian constitutional system is prepared by principles of constitutional democracy. The principle of constitutional democracy is carried out with the intention of implementing a democratic system with limited by constitution. Among the principles of democracy are the electoral system to elect State leaders and people's representatives. Good government will creation a government stability and political stability in realizing the goals and ideals of the State through the concept of checks and balances. The conception of checks and balances in a democratic frame can be realized with the principles of transformative democracy and / or transactional democracy. In the constitution of Indonesia, the principle of transactional democracy can occur before and after the general election of the President and Vice President. Transactional democracy can threaten government and / or political stability if group / coalition solidity is not created in carrying out checks and balances.
SCREENING OF POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANT BARLEY ACCESSIONS FROM ETHIOPIA FOR TOLERANCE TO ABIOTIC STRESSORS
Authors: Abdullaev R. A. , Yakovleva O. V. , Kosareva I. A. , Radchenko E. E. , Batasheva B. A.
Published: January 2020

Background. Analyzing the adaptive potential of cultivated barley with the aim of using new genotypes selected and developed in the process of work is a priority trend in scientific research. The Ethiopian barleys adapted to a variety of soil and climate conditions are characterized by many valuable biological and agronomic traits. Of particular value are genotypes that combine resistance to harmful organisms and environmental stressors.

Materials and methods. The collection accessions of Ethiopian barley possessing powdery mildew resistance were studied for tolerance to adverse edaphic factors (chloride salinity and high content of toxic aluminum ions in the soil). Resistance to abiotic stressors was assessed in laboratory experiments. In the study of salt tolerance, a ‘roll-based’ assessment technique was used, which takes into account the inhibition of root growth under salt (NaCl) stress conditions, compared with the reference conditions without salinization. Aluminum sensitivity of barley accessions was diagnosed in the early stages of plant development using the root test.

Results and conclusions. A polymorphism of Ethiopian barleys for resistance to adverse edaphic factors was revealed. Twentyone new sources of barley resistance to toxic aluminum ions were identified, of which accessions k-8552 and k-22933 were classified as highly resistant. Accessions k-17554, k-19975, k-20029, k-20048, k-22752, k-23450 and k-25009 proved resistant to soil salinization. Barley accessions k-17554, k-22752 and k-25009 were characterized by complex resistance to powdery mildew, toxic aluminum ions, and chloride soil salinity.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE STUDY AND MAINTENANCE OF A POTATO COLLECTION THREATENED BY VIRUSES AND VIRUS¬LIKE DISEASES
Authors: Truskinov E. V. , Sitnikov M. N.
Published: January 2020

Background. The article deals with the problems faced while studying and maintaining a collection of plant genetic resources against a strong virus infection background.

Materials and methods. The data obtained during 8 years of monitoring over 1000 potato accessions for the incidence of virus diseases are presented. The work was carried out at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR and at the Polar Experiment Station of VIR (Khibiny, Arctic Circle). Visual control of the symptoms of the infection was combined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for potato mosaic viruses Х, S, M and Y.

Results and conclusions. For many years, the global collection of VIR has been studied and maintained under a threat of strong virus infections. Among the viruses that have the widest distribution and cause significant damage to potato, there are viruses M and Y in Pushkin, and Х in Khibiny. Among the infected plant material, accessions with a latent virus infection, manifesting tolerance to the pathogens, have constantly been observed. The conventional point-based principle of scoring field resistance of potato cultivars and hybrids to viruses requires a significant revision. A new alternative approach is proposed for virus resistance assessment, when the clonal reproduction type of the tested accessions is taken into account.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF TULIPA SUAVEOLENS ROTH POPULATIONS IN VOLGOGRAD PROVINCE
Authors: Kritskaya T. A. , Kashin A. S.
Published: January 2020

Background. The current natural habitat of Tulipa suaveolens Roth rapidly decreases. In order to work out the strategy of the species’ preservation, evaluation of its intraand interpopulation polymorphism is required.

Materials and methods. Molecular-genetic ISSR markers were used to analyze 125 samples from 10 populations of T. suaveolens occurring in Volgograd Province and 4 populations from Saratov Province.

Results. ISSR analysis revealed high intrapopulation polymorphism (73–89%) in T. suaveolens populations form Volgograd Province. AMOVA attributed the largest proportion of variability (74.3%) to intrapopulation polymorphism. Interpopulation differences account for 25.7%. Total subdivision of populations (FST) was 0.257; total gene flow (Nm) between populations was 0.723. According to Bayesian analysis and clustering with both UPGMA and Neighbor Joining methods, all the studied T. suaveolens samples from Volgograd Province make up a large genetic group: within that group none of the potential subgroups may be associated with a particular place of collecting. The NewHybrids software was applied, and the results pointed to the hybrid nature of most samples. Samples of three populations from Saratov Province made up a separate genetic group; those samples fell under the category of parent forms.

Conclusion. Considering that genetic subdivision of T. suaveolens populations within the administrative borders of Volgograd Province is insignificant, while all the province’s natural parks and a number of protected natural areas undertake measures to preserve the species, the existing conservation strategy may be recognized as effective and sufficient.