bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOXO3a/PI3K/Akt pathway participates in the ROS- induced apoptosis triggered by α-ZEL and β-ZEL
Authors: Habrowska-Górczyńska Dominika Ewa , Kozieł Marta Justyna , Urbanek Kinga Anna , Kowalska Karolina , Piastowska-Ciesielska Agnieszka Wanda
Published: June 2024

Zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin, is one of the most common food and feed contaminants. Also, its metabolites α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL) are considered to induce oxidative stress, however its effect in prostate cells is not known yet. Our previous observations showed that forehead box transcription factor 3a (FOXO3a) expression is modified in hormone- sensitive cells in the response to mycotoxins, similar to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Thus, this study evaluated the direct molecular effect of α-ZEL and β-ZEL in a dose of 30 µM in hormone-dependent human prostate cancer (PCa) cells with the focus of the involvement of FOXO3a and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in that effect. We observed that both active metabolites of ZEN reduced cell viability, induced oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PCa cells. Furthermore, we observed that FOXO3a as well as PI3K/Akt signaling pathway participate in ZELs induced toxicity in PCa cells, indicating that this signaling pathway might be a regulator of mycotoxin-induced toxicity generally.
Extreme coastal El Niño events are tightly linked to the development of the Pacific Meridional Modes
Authors: Martinez-Villalobos Cristian , Dewitte Boris , Garreaud René D. , Loyola Leandra
Published: June 2024

Coastal El Niño events—marine heatwaves instances in the far eastern Tropical Pacific during otherwise basin-scale neutral or cold conditions—can have severe societal impacts for countries along the west coast of South America, as exemplified by the 2017 and 2023 Peru-Ecuador floods. Due to the brevity of the observational record, it is not well understood whether these events are driven by local or large-scale processes. Here, to overcome this limitation we use a data-driven modeling approach to address their return period and forcing mechanisms. It is shown that extreme coastal El Niño events are a local manifestation in the eastern tropical Pacific of the constructive interactions of the Pacific Meridional Modes (PMM). Specifically, the North PMM yields a dipole-like anomaly SST pattern along the equator that favors its development, while the positive phase of the South PMM reinforces it. A smaller group of more moderate coastal events are remotely driven by zonal wind anomalies in the western tropical Pacific without the PMMs’ influence. The role of PMMs in the development of extreme coastal El Niño suggests that they may be more predictable than previously thought.
Transient brain activity dynamics discriminate levels of consciousness during anesthesia
Authors: Ensel Scott , Uhrig Lynn , Ozkirli Ayberk , Hoffner Guylaine , Tasserie Jordy , Dehaene Stanislas , Van De Ville Dimitri , Jarraya Béchir , Pirondini Elvira
Published: June 2024

The awake mammalian brain is functionally organized in terms of large-scale distributed networks that are constantly interacting. Loss of consciousness might disrupt this temporal organization leaving patients unresponsive. We hypothesize that characterizing brain activity in terms of transient events may provide a signature of consciousness. For this, we analyze temporal dynamics of spatiotemporally overlapping functional networks obtained from fMRI transient activity across different anesthetics and levels of anesthesia. We first show a striking homology in spatial organization of networks between monkeys and humans, indicating cross-species similarities in resting-state fMRI structure. We then track how network organization shifts under different anesthesia conditions in macaque monkeys. While the spatial aspect of the networks is preserved, their temporal dynamics are highly affected by anesthesia. Networks express for longer durations and co-activate in an anesthetic-specific configuration. Additionally, hierarchical brain organization is disrupted with a consciousness-level-signature role of the default mode network. In conclusion, large-scale brain network temporal dynamics capture differences in anesthetic-specific consciousness-level, paving the way towards a clinical translation of these cortical signature.
Super-resolution imaging of T lymphocyte activation reveals chromatin decondensation and disrupted nuclear envelope
Authors: Xu Jianquan , Sun Xuejiao , Chen Zhangguo , Ma Hongqiang , Liu Yang
Published: June 2024

T lymphocyte activation plays a pivotal role in adaptive immune response and alters the spatial organization of nuclear architecture that subsequently impacts transcription activities. Here, using stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), we observe dramatic de-condensation of chromatin and the disruption of nuclear envelope at a nanoscale resolution upon T lymphocyte activation. Super-resolution imaging reveals that such alterations in nuclear architecture are accompanied by the release of nuclear DNA into the cytoplasm, correlating with the degree of chromatin decompaction within the nucleus. The authors show that under the influence of metabolism, T lymphocyte activation de-condenses chromatin, disrupts the nuclear envelope, and releases DNA into the cytoplasm. Taken together, this result provides a direct, molecular-scale insight into the alteration in nuclear architecture. It suggests the release of nuclear DNA into the cytoplasm as a general consequence of chromatin decompaction after lymphocyte activation.
Interactive biocatalysis achieved by driving enzyme cascades inside a porous conducting material
Authors: Siritanaratkul Bhavin , Megarity Clare F. , Herold Ryan A. , Armstrong Fraser A.
Published: June 2024

An emerging concept and platform, the electrochemical Leaf (e-Leaf), offers a radical change in the way tandem (multi-step) catalysis by enzyme cascades is studied and exploited. The various enzymes are loaded into an electronically conducting porous material composed of metallic oxide nanoparticles, where they achieve high concentration and crowding – in the latter respect the environment resembles that found in living cells. By exploiting efficient electron tunneling between the nanoparticles and one of the enzymes, the e-Leaf enables the user to interact directly with complex networks, rendering simultaneous the abilities to energise, control and observe catalysis. Because dispersion of intermediates is physically suppressed, the output of the cascade – the rate of flow of chemical steps and information – is delivered in real time as electrical current. Myriad enzymes of all major classes now become effectively electroactive in a technology that offers scalability between micro-(analytical, multiplex) and macro-(synthesis) levels. This Perspective describes how the e-Leaf was discovered, the steps in its development so far, and the outlook for future research and applications.
Social and nonsocial synchrony are interrelated and romantically attractive
Authors: Cohen M. , Abargil M. , Ahissar M. , Atzil S.
Published: June 2024

The mechanisms of romantic bonding in humans are largely unknown. Recent research suggests that physiological synchrony between partners is associated with bonding. This study combines an experimental approach with a naturalistic dating setup to test whether the individual differences in social and nonsocial synchrony are interdependent, and linked to romantic attractiveness. In a preregistered online experiment with 144 participants, we discover that inducing physiological synchrony between an actor and an actress determines their attractiveness ratings by participants, indicating that synchrony can increase perceived attraction. In a lab-based naturalistic speed-dating experiment, we quantify in 48 participants the individual tendency for social physiological synchrony, nonsocial sensorimotor synchrony, and romantic attractiveness. We discover that the individual propensity to synchronize in social and nonsocial tasks is correlated. Some individuals synchronize better regardless of partners or tasks, and such Super Synchronizers are rated as more attractive. Altogether, this demonstrates that humans prefer romantic partners who can synchronize.
Multiscale perspectives for advancing sustainability in fiber reinforced ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: Wang Xing Quan , Chow Cheuk Lun , Lau Denvid
Published: June 2024

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) integrates cutting-edge nano-additives, fibers and cementitious materials, which is a representative heterogeneous material and exhibits distinctive multi-scale structural characteristics. With remarkable durability and mechanical properties, lower embodied energy and diminished carbon emissions compared to conventional concrete, the application of UHPC aligns with the principles of sustainable development. To accelerate these advances, researchers of construction materials have incorporated a multiscale perspective into UHPC studies. From the perspective of sustainability, we evaluate the latest advances in the design, application and innovation of UHPC under multiscale perspective. Based on the fundamentals of fiber-reinforced UHPC, we discuss why and how could multiscale mechanics research, including analytical and modeling methods helps the advances of its sustainability, emphasizing the ecological considerations of UHPC in the practical applications. Then we summarize the challenges and perspectives in the design, production and construction of UHPC materials and structures. Based on advances in multiscale mechanics, a bright future can be envisioned where sustainable UHPC is applied globally, led by additive manufacturing and artificial intelligence.
Diversity-oriented multi-compound synthesis optimization
Authors: Briem Hans , Gläser Lukas , Mogk Georg , Schaudt Oliver
Published: June 2024

Development of an optimization algorithm to identify comprehensive sets of compounds that effectively cover the chemical space of interest with minimal synthesis effort.
Binary split fluorescent biosensor based on lettuce DNA aptamer for label-free and enzyme-free analysis of hepatitis B viral DNA
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Mou Yue , Chen Meiyun , Lin Xinru , Zhao Yujie , Luo Xingyu
Published: June 2024

The schematic illustration for the design of binary split fluorescent DNA aptasensor for HBV DNA segment analysis.
Recent advances in biosensors for screening plant pathogens
Authors: Nguyen Hanh An , Anh Thi Nguyen Pham , Thien Trang Nguyen Pham , Ho Thanh-Tam , Trinh Thi Ngoc Diep , Tran Nguyen Khoi Song , Trinh Kieu The Loan
Published: June 2024

Worldwide, plant pathogens have been a considerably important cause of economic loss in agriculture especially in the decades of agricultural intensification. In this context, biosensors have emerged as significantly important tools which help farmers in on-field diagnosis of plant diseases.
From bone to nanoparticles: development of a novel generation of bone derived nanoparticles for image guided orthopedic regeneration
Authors: Stellpflug Austin , Walls Jacob , Hansen Christopher , Joshi Amit , Wang Bo
Published: June 2024

This study developed a new type of bone-based nanoparticle (BPs) directly from the entire decellularized porcine bone, additionally encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for an in vivo monitoring capability.
Halogen anions (F−, Cl−, Br−) modulated the localized microstructure of g-C3N4 to facilitate charge separation and transport and enhance photocatalytic activities
Authors: Liu Xiaogang , Chen Mengyu , Zhang Xin
Published: June 2024

A facile surface halide anion (F−, Cl−, Br−) modification strategy was employed to facilitate the charge separation and transport efficiency of g-C3N4, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance.
Enhanced light absorption by ambient brown carbon aerosols in the eastern Himalayas
Authors: Arun B. S. , Gogoi Mukunda M. , Deshmukh Dhananjay Kumar , Hegde Prashant , Boreddy Suresh Kumar Reddy , Borgohain Arup , Babu S. Suresh
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the light absorption properties of organic aerosols in PM10collected at a high-altitude location (2700 m a.s.l.) in the eastern Himalayas from March 2019 to February 2020.
Enhancing neutral hydrogen production by disrupting the rigid hydrogen bond network on Ru nanoclusters through Nb2O5-mediated water reorientation
Authors: Chen Xiao Hui , Li Xiao Lin , Li Ting , Jia Jia Huan , Lei Jing Lei , Li Nian Bing , Luo Hong Qun
Published: June 2024

Nb2O5 with a negative charge can disrupt the rigid H-bond network on the surface of Ru nanoclusters, making it easier for free water molecules to reach the catalyst, thus accelerating the reactivity of hydrogen reduction.
Investigation of umami peptides and taste mechanisms in Agrocybe aegerita: based on sensory evaluation and molecular docking techniques
Authors: Yang Fan , Cao Rui , Fu Anzhen , Liu Ye , Bi Shuang
Published: June 2024

In the present study, sensory orientation and instrumental analysis were employed to separate, purify, and identify umami peptides in Agrocybe aegerita hydrolysate.
A comprehensive study on rheological properties of photocrosslinkable gallol-metal complexed hyaluronic acid-based biomaterial inks
Authors: Jongprasitkul Hatai , Turunen Sanna , Kellomäki Minna , Parihar Vijay Singh
Published: June 2024

This study describes the development of bioadhesive hydrogels as biomaterial inks, which combine catechol chemistry and metal coordination using gallic acid and hyaluronic acid.
ROS-responsive hydrogels: from design and additive manufacturing to biomedical applications
Authors: Pu Minju , Cao Huan , Zhang Hengjie , Wang Tianyou , Li Yiwen , Xiao Shimeng , Gu Zhipeng
Published: June 2024

Hydrogels with intricate 3D networks and high hydrophilicity have qualities resembling those of biological tissues, making them ideal candidates for use as smart biomedical materials.
Nanofibrous chiral supramolecular assembly-derived self-healing hydrogels with polyethylene glycol
Authors: Takafuji Makoto , Kawamoto Kenji , Hano Nanami , Otsuki Mako , Ihara Hirotaka
Published: June 2024

The hybrid hydrogel of nanofibrous chiral supramolecular assemblies with sulfated polyethylene glycol exhibited self-healing property at a temperature below the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition of chiral assemblies.
Tuneable C3 product selectivity of glycerol electrooxidation on cubic and dendritic Pt nanocatalysts
Authors: Terekhina Irina , Johnsson Mats
Published: June 2024

The glycerol electrooxidation reaction's C3 product selectivity and glycerol conversion in an alkaline medium are more efficient on PtCUBE than on PtDEND, with lactate selectivity reaching up to 68%.
Hydrodeoxygenation of anisole over SBA-15-supported Ni, Pd, and Pt mono- and bimetallic catalysts: effect of the metal's nature on catalytic activity and selectivity
Authors: Pérez-Estrada Daniel E. , Vargas-Villagrán Haydee , Mendoza-Cruz Rubén , Klimova Tatiana E.
Published: June 2024

NiPt/SBA-15 and NiPd/SBA-15 catalysts were active for hydrodeoxygenation of anisole to cyclohexane, while PdPt/SBA-15 was active for hydrogenation of anisole to cyclohexyl methyl ether.
Quantitative comparison of the copolymerisation kinetics in catalyst-transfer copolymerisation to synthesise polythiophenes
Authors: He Yifei , Luscombe Christine K.
Published: June 2024

This work explores how various polythiophenes copolymers can be synthesized via Kumada catalyst transfer polymerisation, demonstrating that the accurate kinetic measurements of thiophene monomers enable reliable predictions of copolymer structures.
UV-light crosslinked photocatalytic polymer gels for batch and continuous flow reactions
Authors: Freeburne Sarah , Pester Christian W.
Published: June 2024

This article describes the synthesis and characterization of a UV-crosslinked Eosin Y-photocatalytic gel and studies its performance in the oxidation of thioanisole in batch and flow reactors.
Sustainable next-generation color converters from P. harmala seed extracts for solid-state lighting
Authors: Erdem Talha , Orenc Ali , Akcan Dilber , Duman Fatih , Soran-Erdem Zeliha
Published: June 2024

We present the extracts of Peganum harmala in solid matrices as environmentally-friendly color converters for LEDs. The extract incorporated into paper possesses a quantum yield of 44.7% and its LED achieves a luminous efficiency of 21.9 lm W−1.
Development of a needle trap device packed with modified PAF-6-MNPs for sampling and analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds in air
Authors: Hashemi Mobina , Bahrami Abdulrahman , Ghorbani-Shahna Farshid , Afkhami Abas , Farhadian Maryam , Poormohamadi Ali
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to develop a new method for sampling and analyzing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the air.
Post-hot-cast annealing deposition of perovskite films with infused multifunctional organic molecules to enhance the performance of large-area light-emitting devices
Authors: Tien Ching-Ho , Liu Jun-Qing , Chen Lung-Chien
Published: June 2024

A post-hot-cast annealing deposition scheme and the introduction of the multifunctional molecule 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (APDO) are proposed to regulate the crystallization of the perovskite film to enhance the performance of large-area PeLEDs.
Enhancement of the ammonia synthesis activity of a Cs- or Ba-promoted ruthenium catalyst supported on barium niobate
Authors: Chen Minxuan , Zhang Qiang , You Zhixiong
Published: June 2024

Ba- or Cs–Ru/Ba5Nb4O15 catalysts demonstrated a significant improvement of the ammonia synthesis rate.
Approach of a small protein to the biomimetic bis-(μ-oxo) dicopper active-site installed in MOF-808 pores with restricted access perturbs substrate selectivity of oxidase nanozyme
Authors: Morajkar Rasmi V. , Fatrekar Adarsh P. , Vernekar Amit A.
Published: June 2024

Development of substrate-selective nanozyme requires careful attention. We show that proteins with dimensions larger than the pore aperture of MOF-808, installed with a bis-(μ-oxo) dicopper active site in its adamantane pore, can compromise the substrate selectivity of oxidase nanozyme.
Designing biomimetic two-dimensional channels for uranium separation from seawater
Authors: Liang Wenbin , Zhang Xin , Wang Liqin , Wen Chuanxi , Tian Longlong , Li Zhan , Chen Ximeng , Wu Wangsuo
Published: June 2024

Design and construction of a biomimetic two-dimensional channel using biomolecules and efficient extraction of uranyl ions from seawater.
Reaction pathways and energetics of the deconstruction of lignin carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) in lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Beck Seth , Mushrif Samir H.
Published: June 2024

The present work characterizes deconstruction pathways of LCC linkages and suggests that selective LCC cleavage is a thermodynamically controlled process.
Teaching an old dog new tricks: Ti-doped ZnFe2O4 as active material in zinc ion batteries – a proof of concept
Authors: Krämer S. , Hopster J. , Windmüller A. , Eichel R.-A. , Grünebaum M. , Jüstel T. , Winter M. , Neuhaus K.
Published: June 2024

ZnFe2O4 is a well-known photocatalyst with high electronic conductivity. This study shows that both the pure and slightly Ti-doped material are also zinc-ion conductors and can be used as active materials at the positive electrode in zinc batteries.
Modernization the system of periodic control for the concrete properties
Authors: Kolokhov Viktor , Bilyk Vasyl
Published: June 2024

Periodic control of concrete properties is based on the use of nondestructive methods. Periodic monitoring of the condition of structures often is performed using ultrasonic devices. The accuracy of determining the physical and mechanical characteristics (FMC) of concrete depends on a significant number of factors affect. This reduces the accuracy of the results by standard methods. Based on previous studies, the methodology for using ultrasonic non-destructive testing devices was improved. The research and verification of the improved methodology in a real building demonstrate the low complexity of the work and sufficient reliability of the results. Improvement of the algorithm for work and data processing will allow to offer a reliable methodology for determining the technical condition of the operated structures and for periodic monitoring the concrete properties. A methodology for periodic monitoring of concrete properties in structures has been developed. It is necessary to carry out.
Constituent components of 3D printing in construction: Mixture, reinforcement and their main characteristics
Authors: Konoplianyk Oleksandr , Sopilnyak Artem , Sirenok Kyrylo , Sereda Svitlana , Yarova Tetyana
Published: June 2024

Construction 3D printing is one of the most promising areas in the construction of various structures. Thanks to the possibilities of automation, digital concrete production makes it possible to create complex structures that withstand the same forces as structures with standard geometry, but with increased structural efficiency and lower material consumption. This work is aimed at determining the main characteristics of mixtures for 3D printing and reinforcement strategies that are compatible with this technology. In addition, the article presents the results of a study of the strength characteristics of concrete used for 3D printing of building structures. The experiment was carried out by means of compression tests of concrete samples-cubes cut from the printed design with the dimensions of the rib 150, 100, 70 and 50 mm. This article can indicate the current state of affairs of 3D printing technology in construction, as well as indicate the direction of further research in this field.
Research on Ecological Restoration Evaluation Index System for Construction Projects in Qinghai Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Meiling , Diao Falin , Luo Xiaofeng , Ge Liyan
Published: June 2024

In the “Ecological Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau” released in April 2023, it is stipulated that “the state strengthens the ecological protection and restoration of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, adheres to the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasses, sands, and ice, and implements a systematic governance that focuses on natural restoration and combines natural restoration with artificial restoration.” Currently, there is relatively little research on the ecological restoration evaluation index system in high-altitude areas represented by the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in China. This article studies the climate and soil characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau region and selects ecological restoration evaluation index systems suitable for high-altitude areas, including biological and community evaluation, soil and water conservation function evaluation, soil and water physical and chemical property evaluation, and landscape pattern evaluation.
Evaluation Methodology and Establishment of Indicator System for Green and Livable Sustainable Development
Authors: Liu Kaiyuan , Jiao Xinmeng , Xie Kang
Published: June 2024

At the current stage of China’s low-carbon concept and the international community’s sustainable development trend, the construction industry as one of China’s largest carbon emission industry, emission reduction is the implementation of the “dual-carbon” strategy is an inevitable requirement, but also to promote China’s economy and society as a whole to the objective needs of the green transformation. “Green and livable” has also become a higher pursuit of the industry. While our country at this stage has insufficient understanding of the evaluation system of green livability and sustainable development, this paper analyzes and evaluates the building from multiple perspectives, such as expert questionnaire, indicator establishment, weight calculation, evaluation method, and so on. The significance of this paper is to provide a new evaluation program for the inadequacy of the national green livable building.
Research on Air Quality in the Pearl River Delta Region Based on Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Zhao Zhiqin
Published: June 2024

Based on the air quality monitoring data of the Pearl River Delta, the correlation between the impact of urban economic development and air quality influencing factors was explored through grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the main pollutants of air quality in the Pearl River Delta region are SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, CO and O3. The main influencing factors of SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and CO are forest coverage, permanent population, and industrial smoke and dust emissions. The influencing factors of CO and O3 are similar, mainly including gross domestic product, gross industrial output, and the number of motor vehicles.
The technical innovation of integrating the gold mesh sampling method into FTIR spectroscopy, along with its application in the domain of transportation-related pollution studies, signifies a noteworthy advancement in analytical capabilities
Authors: Kang Xiyuan , Gao Yuyi , Liu Pai , Zhang Yunhong
Published: June 2024

Recently, Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy (FTIR) has played a crucial role in the study of heterogeneous reactions in atmospheric chemistry. This includes research on aerosol hygroscopicity, nucleation kinetics, chemical composition analysis of aerosols, and heterogeneous chemical reactions on aerosol particle surfaces. This paper presents a novel approach that introduces a gold mesh during the sampling process, enabling the true spectrum of liquid water to be measured in transmission mode, thereby addressing spectral distortion issues at 3400 cm-1. Additionally, common inorganic components of atmospheric pollution were measured, providing a feasible method for using FTIR spectroscopy to address atmospheric pollution issues. Finally, the introduction of the gold mesh sampling method was employed to measure the heterogeneous chemical kinetics of road dust surface during traffic pollution processes, offering a viable solution for using FTIR spectroscopy to address atmospheric pollution concerns.
An Investigation of The Impact of Carbon Emission Factor Selection on Carbon Accounting of Electric Power Equipment
Authors: Dong Hongchuan , Yu Shui , Zhang Jihong
Published: June 2024

With the implementation of China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the power industry as a key industry urgently needs to carry out comprehensive carbon accounting work. Carbon accounting of electric power equipment is an important part of carbon accounting in electric power industry. In the process of carbon accounting for electric power equipment, different carbon emission factors may lead to different final accounting results. Based on this, this paper calculates the carbon emission factors of two main raw materials required for the production of electric power equipment in different regions and different years, and applies them to the carbon footprint calculation of SFPZ-240,000/330 transformer. According to the above results, the influence of carbon emission factor selection on carbon accounting of electric power equipment is analyzed.
Research on Pollution Prediction Model Based on Pollutant Knowledge Graph
Authors: Cai Xiangyu , Zhao Yawei
Published: June 2024

At present, the main conventional method to study pollution diffusion is to establish a mathematical model to analyse the relationship between pollution sources. The lack of analysis on the characteristics and attributes of pollution sources leads to unsatisfactory identification results. To solve this problem, a pollution diffusion prediction method based on pollution atlas was proposed. The pollution knowledge graph was constructed to describe the relationship between pollution source attributes and the interaction and influence between pollution source and region. The diffusion characteristics of pollution were extracted from the atlas, and DBSCAN was used to achieve clustering and deep neural network model was built to predict the pollution degree at different depths. The model is verified in a typical contaminated site. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and has good recognition effect and convergence speed.
Effects of combined application of biochar and sludge compost on seeds germination of oil sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and water retention capacity in two different soils
Authors: Peng Yue , Zhu Siao , Yuan Yanfei
Published: June 2024

Biochar (BC) and sludge compost (SC) have attracted extensive attention because of their multiple benefits in improving soil quality and functionality. However, the effects of combined application of BC and SC on plant growth and soil properties in different soils are unclear. In this study, a woody waste derived BC and a sludge compost from a commercial factory were applied into an agricultural soil and a salt-affected soil collected from the Yellow River Delta to investigate their effects on the germination of oil sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus L.) and water retention capacity in the two soils using pot experiments. The results showed that the combined application of BC and SC increased the germination potential of oil sunflower seedlings in the farmland soil and salt-affected soil by 2.00–11.00 times and 0.50–5.00 times, respectively. This is because the BC and SC can collaboratively improve soil physical and chemical properties and increased nutrient availability. Additionally, BC and SC increased the maximum water holding capacity (WHC) of two soils by 3.72–18.80%. These results will provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of biochar technology to remediate degraded and agricultural soil, thus to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture.
Study on the effect of adding nutrients on fermentation of compost tea
Authors: Fu Diya , An Qi , Li Xinru , Liu Minghui , Cui Lianhua , Feng Jian , Li Xiangzi , Li Guangchun
Published: June 2024

The study investigated the effects of additives (molasses, seaweed, and fishmeal) on compost tea's nutrient content and fermentation characteristics. Compost tea contains a lot of nutrients and can be used as a supplement for soil nutrients. Molasses, seaweed and fishmeal are common additives in compost tea, and their effects on nutrients in compost tea are the purpose of this study. In this paper, to study the compost tea with added nutrients molasses, seaweed, and fishmeal compost tea, the effects of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and bacteria on the fermentation characteristics of compost tea were investigated with different ratios (1 : 5, 1 : 6, 1 : 7, 1 : 8, 1 : 9) of fertilizer to water. The results showed with the increase of extraction ratio, molasses decreased pH value and ammonium nitrogen content, and seaweed and fishmeal promoted nitrogen mineralization. The optimal fermentation ratio was 1:5 for compost tea.
Research on Air Pollution Modeling and Emission Inventory Methodology: A Case Study of Shanghai Yangshan Port
Authors: He Wenqing
Published: June 2024

In order to effectively manage the pollution from ships in ports, it is very necessary to understand the quantity and characteristics of the emissions from port pollution sources, so that more scientific management measures can be provided.This paper mainly analyzes the three pollution emission sources of Yangshan Port, namely port machinery, transport vehicles and ships, and uses the emission factor method to estimate and establish the air pollution emission inventory of Yangshan Port in 2021.The results show:1) The emissions of pollutants SO2, PM, NOx, CO, and VOCs are 5011t, 1252t, 27,560t, 1670t, and 2150t, respectively;2) Ships are the largest source of pollution, with container ships providing the largest pollution contribution among the different ship types, accounting for 38%;3) The main engine and auxiliary engines, as the main source of pollution from ships, accounted for 40% and 42% of the total amount of pollutants, respectively; the slow-speed state accounted for the highest proportion of pollution discharged in the four operating states, at 41%.
Effects of different cathode conditions on electricity generation and removal of heavy metal pollutants in CW-MFC
Authors: Liu Shentan , Huang Yang
Published: June 2024

The effect of treating copper-containing wastewater by CW-MFC technology was discussed. The power generation and wastewater purification efficiency of CW-MFC are affected by electrode spacing, cathode electrode area and influent copper concentration. Smaller electrode spacing may destroy the anaerobic environment in the wastewater, while larger electrode spacing will increase the total internal resistance of the system, resulting in a decrease in electricity generation efficiency. With the increase of cathode area, the removal efficiency of pollutants in wastewater will be improved. However, when the cathode area is too large, it will increases the internal resistance of the system, which will affect the electric production performance. When the best electrode spacing is 10 cm and the cathode electrode area is 75 cm2, CW-MFC shows the best power generation and wastewater purification effect. When the concentration of copper in the wastewater increases, the power generation and wastewater purification efficiency of the system will also increase. When the copper concentration reaches 50 mg/L, the system shows the best effect, its open circuit voltage reaches the maximum, and the removal rate of copper and total nitrogen is also the highest. When the concentration of copper in wastewater reaches 100 mg/L, the microbial activity is inhibited, resulting in a significant decline in the performance of CW-MFC.
Bibliometric Analysis of Straw Return to Field Research on Soil Nutrients Based on CiteSpace
Authors: Chang Jian , Lv Lianghe , Cui Shuang , Gao Hang , Zhang Tao
Published: June 2024

Soil nutrients are one of the important factors affecting crop growth, and straw return to field is an effective method to improve the soil nutrient composition in agricultural ecosystems. To optimize agricultural production and enhance the resource utilization efficiency of agricultural waste, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of annual publication volume, collaborating authors, journal analysis, research institutions, and the frequency and centrality of keywords based on the research papers related to straw return to field and soil nutrients collected in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from 2004 to 2024. With the aid of CiteSpace visualization software and bibliometrics, the results show that the number of Chinese-related articles has generally shown an upward trend since 2009. The main authors include Huancheng Pang, etc. The primary publishing journals are mainly “Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,” among others. The main institutions include the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, etc. The research hotspots are unfolded from two aspects of straw return to field and soil nutrients, and related soil enzyme activity, and crop yield may become future research hotspots, which also provide reference significance for further leveraging the resource utilization of straw return to field.
Multi-physics DONJON5 reactor models for improved fuel cycle simulation with CLASS
Authors: Billiet Gabriel , Doligez Xavier , Marleau Guy , Ernoult Marc , Hébert Alain , Thiollière Nicolas
Published: June 2024

This work investigates reactor model biases and their consequences in nuclear scenario simulations. Usually, the models for Pressurized Water Reactors are based on infinite 2D assembly depletion simulations, but recent work has shown the importance of 3D complete core simulation for uncertainty reduction. The consideration of a whole core leads to new reactor parameters in the simulations that may bring additional biases. The fuel temperature distribution is one of them, and previous work considered isothermal reactors, leading to probable uncertainties in spent fuel inventory at reactor discharge. To quantify those biases and their propagation in a full scenario simulation, new advanced reactor models have been developed, based on neutronics and thermal-hydraulics couplings at the core level performed with DONJON5. Results show that the plutonium isotopic quality of spent fuel is biased for an isothermal core, with values systematically higher than for multi-physics calculations. In order to propagate those discrepancies in fuel cycle simulations that involve plutonium recycling in PWR MOX fuels, the coupling between CLASS and DONJON was renewed in order to add new fuel parameters such as the fuel temperature in the core burn-up simulation. A new methodology for data interpolation from lattice calculation has been implemented that allows acceptable computational time for DONJON5 calculations that are done within the fuel cycle simulation performed by CLASS. Comparison between isothermal and multi-physics reactor models for advanced scenario simulations performed with CLASS shows that the isothermal hypothesis leads to biases up to 10% for plutonium inventory in the UOX spent fuel stockpile, comparable with biases associated with other reactor parameters such as the loading pattern.
Snapshot of photovoltaics − February 2024
Authors: Jäger-Waldau Arnulf
Published: June 2024

In 2023 global renewable energy investments increased by 8% to USD 623 billion, with solar investments accounting for 63% or USD 393 billion (+12%). The total installed solar photovoltaic capacity exceeded 1.6 TWp at the end of 2023, with an annual newly installed capacity of more than 420 GWp. The number of countries installing 1 GWp/year or more has increased to 35. After the increases in hardware costs for solar photovoltaic systems and battery storage in 2022, prices in both markets mostly decreased in 2023. Levelised costs of electricity for non-tracking solar photovoltaic systems as well as levelised cost of battery storage decreased. However, the global benchmark of levelised cost for electricity for tracking systems increased mainly due to higher costs for labour, balance of systems and debt in the USA. The market outlook for 2024 is optimistic as electrification of heating, transport and industry creates additional demand for renewable electricity, including solar. However, a more rapid deployment of renewable energy is needed to stay on track for not more than 1.5 °C global temperature increase.
Croissance cranio-faciale
Authors: Nakkache Maxime , Soyer Yves
Published: June 2024

L’étude de la croissance cranio-faciale a toujours suscité des controverses parmi les auteurs. De nombreuses théories ont rendu compte de la croissance cranio-faciale. Son étude est d’une grande complexité et il est encore aujourd’hui difficile de l’aborder de façon exhaustive. La croissance physique correspond à l’augmentation des dimensions corporelles. Le développement correspond à la croissance et à la maturation des différentes fonctions et capacités fonctionnelles. Ces deux processus dépendent de facteurs génétiques, nutritionnels et environnementaux.

Le massif cranio-facial étant le support de fonctions essentielles, la connaissance des principes généraux et de l’évolution de la croissance physiologique est indispensable à la mise en place d’une thérapeutique efficace.
Approche biométrique : croissance faciale de l’enfant de moins de 7 ans, par le traitement d’image
Authors: Lalauze-Pol Roselyne , Jouen François
Published: June 2024

Dans la littérature internationale, le taux de croissance de la face de l’enfant 7 ans reste largement méconnu. Classiquement seules les mesures radiographiques sont utilisées. Nous avons développé un logiciel autorisant le calcul des différentes dimensions faciales, en utilisant des photographies d’enfants de moins de 7 ans, à partir de 312 photographies. Les dimensions faciales sont calculées sous forme de ratio à partir de trente-sept repères faciaux adaptés au visage des enfants sélectionnés.

Les résultats indiquent que la hauteur de l’étage supérieur facial se réduit en fonction de l’âge et qu’il reste de taille plus réduite chez la fille. L’étage moyen du visage augmente précocement avec l’âge, avec la fonction respiratoire mais il est indépendant du sexe. L’étage facial inférieur augmente en fonction de l’âge, toujours avec un effet significatif du sexe. Les étages faciaux supérieur et moyen ont précocement des rapports similaires à ceux de l’adulte, mais l’étage inférieur reste de taille réduite, cependant son développement montre une évolution plus marquée chez les garçons que chez les filles.

Cette première quantification, non iatrogène, de la croissance faciale des enfants doit être appréciée avec des techniques plus performantes en trois dimensions, telle la stéréolitographie.
Neurosurgical Management of Patients with Alpha-Gal Syndrome
Authors: Carlstrom Lucas P. , Akhter Asad , Macielak Robert J. , Callejas Claudio A. , Eickstaedt Jennifer E. , Brooks Christopher , Koevering Kyle Van , Schoo Desi , Wu Kyle C. , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: June 2024

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an immunoglobulin E–mediated hypersensitivity to galatcose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), a carbohydrate compound present in nonprimate mammalian products. Initial exposure to alpha-gal most often occurs through a tick bite, most commonly the lone star tick in the United States. Repeated exposure to alpha-gal may elicit severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. The allergy restricts dietary intake and may significantly impact perioperative risk, as many medications, anesthetics, and intraoperative surgical products utilize bovine or porcine-derived agents, including those containing magnesium stearate, glycerol, and gelatin. Here, we review the perineurosurgical care of two individuals with AGS and highlight pertinent clinical practices and perioperative management of these patients.
A Patient with Multiple System Atrophy-Parkinsonian Type Presenting with Progressive Micrographia
Authors: Onder Halil , Cetin Beyza Nur , Comoglu Selcuk
Published: June 2024

Herein, we present the case of a 57-year-old male patient who was admitted to our center due to progressive writing difficulty and slowness of his right hand over the last 3 years. In conclusion of the clinical and laboratory workup, a diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA) was established. Our report on progressive micrographia (PM) constitutes a crucial sample remarking on this intriguing manifestation in another disease subtype of MSA, which differs from Parkinson's disease in terms of the clinical and pathophysiological processes. We think that further studies are warranted to clarify the significance of this entity in movement disorder in clinical practice and to reveal the underlying neural mechanisms.
Hair Transplantation on the Baldness Region with Free Latissimus Dorsi Flap for Scalp Reconstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Han Man Wong , Moh Jaeseong , Park Ji-Ung
Published: June 2024

Scalp reconstruction, particularly with complex defects and infection risks, often favors microvascular free flaps. However, this method can result in unavoidable alopecia and undesirable aesthetics. This report describes a novel case where hair transplantation via follicular unit extraction (FUE) was applied to a free myocutaneous flap. A 44-year-old woman with Moyamoya disease suffered intracerebral hemorrhage a decade ago. Craniotomies and autologous bone cranioplasties led to wound dehiscence, with subsequent failed local flaps and skin grafts, and identification of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. The final scalp defect, measuring 13 × 9 cm, was reconstructed using a free myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap. Nine years post-surgery, a 1,500-unit FUE hair transplantation procedure was conducted. The transplanted hair exhibited robust survival with adequate blood supply, achieving a satisfactory 80 to 85% survival rate at 12 months. This resulted in a notable improvement in the patient's external alopecia, with reported high levels of satisfaction. Free flaps offer a valuable method for scalp defect reconstruction; however, they may not ensure optimal aesthetic satisfaction due to alopecia. Nonetheless, successful FUE hair transplantation on a myocutaneous free flap can yield satisfactory aesthetic results.
Induction versus Adjuvant Chemotherapy Combined with Concurrent Chemoradiation: What Is Beneficial in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A 5-Year Comparative Study at a Tertiary Care Center in North India
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Andleeb Asifa , Nasreen Shahida , Sofi Mushtaq Ahmad , Wani Ulfat Ara , Rasool Malik Tariq , Najmi Arshad Manzoor , Qamar Shaqul , Ahmad Nazir , Ryhan Rubiya
Published: June 2024

Background In locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (LANPC), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been established as the current standard of care, but recently, the addition of induction chemotherapy to CCRT has presented an attractive multidisciplinary approach.

Objectives The aim of the study was to explore the clinical outcome of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by CCRT and CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in LANPC.

Material and Methods In this propensity score–matched retrospective cohort study, we enrolled LANPC patients from October 2016 to June 2022. Study variables were evenly distributed by propensity score matching. Independent prognostic factors were identified using Cox regression analysis, and the outcome between the two chemotherapy treatment combinations was compared for patients in different subgroups.

Result A total of 80 patients were included in the study. Survival outcomes indicated that the IC followed by CCRT group (IC + CCRT) achieved a higher 5-year overall survival (OS; 90 vs. 81%, p = 0.253), failure-free survival (FFS; 80 vs. 77.50%, p = 0.17), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; 88 vs. 82.50%, p = 0.314) compared with the CCRT followed by AC group (CCRT + AC), although it was not statistically significant. The stratified analysis revealed that IC followed by CCRT (IC + CCRT) was associated with significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.212; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.014–3.16; p = 0.0026) in N2 disease. However, the superiority of CCRT followed by AC (CCRT + AC) was only observed in LRRFS (HR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.05–0.89; p = 0.036) for the T4 subgroup.

Conclusion In patients with LANPC, especially with T3 or N2 disease, IC should be strongly considered followed by CCRT.
Analyzing market basket data through sparse multivariate logit models
Authors: Hruschka Harald
Published: June 2024

Using multivariate logit models, we analyze purchases of product categories made by individual households. We introduce a sparse multivariate logit model that considers only a subset of all two-way interactions. A combined forward and backward selection procedure based on a cross-validated performance measure excludes about 74 % of the possible two-way interactions. We also specify random coefficient versions of both the non-sparse and the sparse model. The fact that the random coefficient models lead to better values of the Bayesian information criterion demonstrates the importance of latent heterogeneity. The random coefficients sparse model attains the best statistical performance if we consider model complexity and offers a better interpretability. We investigate the cross-purchase effects of household segments derived from this random coefficient model. As additional interpretation aid we cluster categories and category pairs by integer programming. We demonstrate what the best performing sparse model implies for cross-selling by product recommendations and store layout. The sparse model leads to managerial implications with respect to the effects of advertising in local newspapers and flyers that are as a rule close to those implied by its non-sparse counterpart.