bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De danske udlandskirker. En religionsdemografisk model for migrantmenigheder
Authors: Warburg Margit
Published: February 2018

From the perspective of sociology of religion, the Danish churches abroad are similar to other migrant congregations, primarily by caring for broader social and cultural needs among the members of the congregation than what is usually the case in the home country. Abroad, the Danish churches are ethnic minority churches, and I analyse their demographic development on the basis of a new, general model for migrant congregations. On the basis of this model I argue that like other immigrant congregations the Danish churches abroad have to consider the issue of assimilation and the issue of proselytising. These issues are decisive for the long-term survival of the congregations and their position in the Danish model of religion.Fra et religionssociologisk perspektiv ligner de danske udlandskirker først og fremmest andre migrantmenigheder ved, at de dækker bredere sociale og kulturelle behov blandt menighedens medlemmer, end hvad der normalt er tilfældet i hjemlandet. I udlandet er de danske kirker etniske minoritetskirker, og deres demografiske udvikling bliver analyseret med udgangspunkt i en ny, generel demografisk model for migrantmenigheder. Ud fra modellen kan man argumentere for, at de danske udlandskirker er tvunget til at forholde sig til nogle helt centrale spørgsmål, som gælder alle migrantmenigheder, nemlig spørgsmålet om assimilation og spørgsmålet om mission. Svarene på disse spørgsmål er afgørende for menighedernes overlevelse på længere sigt og deres placering i den danske religionsmodel
Roskilde Domkirke. Styring af sognekirke og turistattraktion
Authors: Christoffersen Lisbet
Published: February 2018

In 1998 Roskilde Cathedral was admitted to the UNESCO world heritage list. In order to meet the challenges following from this status, the governance network around the church was reorganized in 2013 and a new foundation was established. I examine the reorganization as a token of a potentially new tendency in structuring the functions of such church buildings which are attributed particular status in the realm between the Danish model of religion and the Danish cultural heritage.I 1998 blev Roskilde Domkirke en del af UNESCOs verdensarvsliste, og som resultat af de udfordringer, der er fulgt med denne status, er governance netværket rundt om domkirken i 2013 blevet reorganiseret med tilføjelsen af en ny fond. Denne artikel undersøger denne reorganisering, da den kan være udtryk for en ny tendens i styring af kirkebygninger, der med deres særlige status i kulturarven ligger på grænsefladen mellem den danske religionsmodel og museumsvæsenet
Hvad er religion i Danmark 2014?
Authors: Reeh Niels
Published: February 2018

By an analysis of the Danish Humanist Society and the Danish Atheist Society, the aim of this contribution is to consider one aspect of the borderland of the Danish model of religion. On the basis of a relational approach to the study of religion, I conclude that the Humanist Society from an analytical point of view is a religion while the Atheist Society is not. In this manner, the Humanist Society should be regarded as part of the Danish model of religion while the Atheist Society should not. Therefore, it may be argued that the borderland of the Danish model of religion is located between these two organisations.Dette bidrag undersøger en del af den danske religionsmodels grænseflade gennem en analyse af foreningerne Dansk Humanistisk Samfund og Ateistisk Selskab. På baggrund af et relationelt religionsbegreb konkluderes det, at Humanistisk Samfund analytisk set er en religion og dermed en del af den danske religionsmodel. Med hensyn til Ateistisk Selskab konkluderer analysen, at denne forening analytisk set ikke er en religion men snarere en religionspolitisk forening. Ateistisk Selskab er dermed ikke en del af den danske religionsmodel. Den danske religionsmodels grænseflade kan dermed siges at befinde sig imellem disse to organisationer
Liste over modtagne bøger
Authors: Redaktionen Redaktionen
Published: February 2018

Mogtagne bøger
Om dejlige dage: Hiero- og teofore processioner i arkaisk religion og i Det Gamle Testamente
Authors: Lundager Jensen Hans J.
Published: February 2018

English abstract: This article, “On lovely days: hierophoric and theophoric processions in archaic religion and in the Old Testament”, provides examples of processions and their significance in archaic Near Eastern religions and of the scholarly discussions on possible processions in the Yahweh-religion. The article also proposes that the prohibition against images in the Old Testament is rooted in an effort to immunize Jews against the attractions of processions.Dansk resume: Artiklen her giver eksempler på processionernes betydning i arkaiske, nærorientalske religioner og over forskningsdebatten om hvorvidt processioner også har været en del af Jahve-religionen i Jerusalem. Afslutningsvis foreslås at det primære formål med det såkaldte ‘billedforbud’ i GT har været at immunisere Jahve-dyrkere imod processionernes fascinationskraft.
Fra Jagannātha til juggernaut: Billedkult og kristen mission ved den store vognprocession i Puri
Authors: Aktor Mikael
Published: February 2018

English abstract: The Car Festival in Puri, Odisha, is one of the world’s largest religious processions. About one million pilgrims follow the three god-siblings, Jagannātha, Subhadrā and Balabhadra, each seated in their own gigantic procession chariot pulled by hundreds of pilgrims, on their journey from the main Jagannātha temple to the Guṇḍicā temple three kilometers away. The perception of this procession festival by the British missionaries in Odisha during the first half of the 19th century was the background for the linguistic transformation whereby the name of a god, Jagannātha, became the notion of an overwhelming destructive force, ‘juggernaut’. The article examines the history of this transformation by a reading of quotes from foreign travelers to Odisha during the 14th through the 19th century. It also offers a description of the procession rituals, a reflection on the general characteristics of religious processions, and a discussion of the ‘idolatry’ discourse that lies behind the linguistic transformation from ‘Jagannātha’ to ‘juggernaut’.

Dansk resume: Vognprocessionen i Puri, Odisha, er en af verdens største religiøse processioner. Omkring en million pilgrimme følger de tre gude-søskende, Jagannātha, Subhadrā og Balabhadra, hver i deres egen gigantiske processionsvogn trukket af mange hundrede pilgrimme, på deres rejse fra det store Jagannātha-tempel til det mindre Guṇḍicā-tempel tre kilometer væk. Opfattelsen af denne pilgrimsprocession hos de britiske missionærer i Odisha i den første halvdel af det 19. århundrede var baggrunden for den sproglige transformation der forvandlede navnet på en gud, Jagannātha, til forestillingen om en overvældende kaotisk kraft, ‘juggernaut’. Artiklen undersøger historien bag denne transformation gennem en række citater fra fremmede rejsende i perioden fra det 14. til det 19. århundrede. Den beskriver vognprocessionens ritualer, foreslår nogle ideer til, hvordan vi generelt skal forstå religiøse processioner og diskuterer den diskurs om ‘afgudsdyrkelse’, som ligger bag forvandlingen fra ‘Jagannātha’ til ‘juggernaut’.
Jægerkulturer og fænomenet skyld
Authors: Luckert Karl W.
Published: February 2018

This article is a slightly edited Danish version of the opening Fulbright address given at the Department of the History of Religions, Aarhus University. The article introduces definitions of religion, guilt, and religious behaviour, and then introduces a means by which the history of religion can be applied to the evolution of humankind and culture in a timeframe of several thousand years. The theme of guilt in the history of religious humanity is then discussed in three subsections. The first subsection concerns guilt, tools and divine predators, the goal of which is to illuminate the two major forms of guilt-and reconciliation bonding in the course of hominid evolution. This is reconstructed on the basis of recent anthropological theories of cultural evolution and the reshaping of the hominid family tree, from suspected similarities at pre-hominid levels of primate behaviour, as well as from extant Stone Age hunter traditions which, to this day, still contain soteriological solutions to problems of long ago. The second subsection concerns guilt, hunting and healing, the goal of which is to fill the scholastic lacuna concerning primitive hunters’ religious practices especially in relation to the entire primitive hunter-gatherer ethos. The bitter fact of the primitive hunter life, that trickery is a hunter’s actual guilt-producing lifestyle, has never dawned on educated connoisseurs of trickster tales. Primitive folks are portrayed, in spite of what they say or do, as though they face their gods with the same indifference as do their learned visitors. Data which I collected on Navajo hunter traditions substantiate the points in this subsection; while, on the one hand, a healing ceremonial can be understood as a delayed conciliatory hunting rite, it can also be seen, on the other hand, in its restorative function, as a reconciliation ceremony or peace treaty that is performed – on account of human guilt – in accordance with divinely ordained protocol. The third subsection concerns modern versus primitive hunting, the goal of which is to bridge the misunderstanding which academic studies reveal by underlining the extreme pre-suppositional differences between the two forms of hunting.
Billedsprog - eksegese - teologi
Authors: Nielsen Kirsten
Published: February 2018

Et oplæg til samtal om videnskabelighed og engagement med Per Bilde
Le désir d’enfant et la transmission dans le projet migratoire de femmes capverdiennes
Authors: Laurent Pierre-Joseph
Published: February 2018

Ce texte repose sur un terrain ethnographique débuté en 2003 (27 séjours à ce jour) portant sur des familles capverdiennes confrontées à la migration. À partir de deux études, il sera question d’analyser la manière dont des femmes, confrontées à l’insécurité, envisagent leurs désirs d’enfants. L’histoire singulière qui a produit la famille capverdienne favorise une certaine méfiance entre les sexes, une réelle fragilité des alliances, là où les mariages officiels résultent généralement de calculs. Dès lors, le désir d’enfant concentre toutes les stratégies. Dans ce contexte, la relation mère-enfant, et plus particulièrement la relation mère-fils, devient déterminante et institue la « famille matrifocale », participant en même temps à la quête de la sécurité à long terme des mères. Dès sa conception, l’enfant à naître est déjà gros de la survie de sa mère. Son éducation est cruciale, car il convient de lui transmettre l’acceptation du projet pour lequel il a été conçu. À l’âge adulte, la question peut s’énoncer simplement : comment, pour un homme, en même temps « faire couple » avec sa mère et se tourner vers la ou les mères de ses enfants ? Dans ce contexte, la collaboration entre un homme et une femme dépend de ce que les partenaires s’apportent mutuellement.
L’infécondité volontaire
Authors: de Pierrepont Catherine , Lévy Joseph J.
Published: February 2018

Le choix d’une infécondité volontaire, qui s’inscrit dans le mouvement du Childfree by Choice (l’un des éléments de la Seconde transition démographique), fait aujourd’hui l’objet de discussions sur les forums en ligne. Consécutivement à une analyse de contenu exploratoire et descriptive d’un forum de discussion international dédié aux non parents par choix, quatre catégories de motivations ont pu être dégagées : une simple absence de désir d’enfant, une remise en question des rôles et des contraintes qu’impose un enfant, une perception négative des enfants, et des raisons « altruistes » liées à la détérioration de l’environnement et à la surpopulation. Les enjeux associés à la transmission (maladies héréditaires, qualités de la progéniture, transmission des gènes, nom de famille, héritage, etc.) sont aussi soulevés, montrant l’importance de certaines de ces préoccupations chez les tenants de l’infécondité volontaire. Cette étude permet de valider les conclusions des recherches menées sur cette population et d’élargir les analyses en tenant compte des débats entourant la transmission, une problématique qui reste encore peu explorée dans le contexte de l’infécondité volontaire.
La préférence pour les garçons dans le nord-ouest de l’Inde
Authors: Dufour Marie-Élaine
Published: February 2018

Les pratiques reproductives des femmes hindoues vivant dans le nord-ouest de l’Inde et la préférence pour les garçons sont analysées avec le concept de performativité de genre développé par Judith Butler. Les femmes rencontrées pour cette étude ont soulevé l’idée que pour être une « femme complète », la naissance d’un fils est nécessaire et permet l’accomplissement de leur féminité et la performance de genre telle qu’elle est conçue dans leur contexte social. La construction identitaire de genre se met en place dès l’enfance par des gestes actés, ritualisés, répétés dans le temps. Ce processus engendre le désir d’une progéniture mâle comme une volonté personnelle s’inscrivant dans les négociations interactionnelles avec l’entourage familial.
La réintroduction des orangs-outans
Authors: Louchart Frédéric
Published: February 2018

Cette note de recherche porte sur la réintroduction des orangs-outans à Bornéo. Il montre que la reconstitution de l’animalité par le travail humain donne corps aux savoirs éthologiques, mais aussi à une représentation de l’animalité qui intensifie certains traits. L’ensemble s’inscrit dans un collectif hybride structuré par la relation d’apprivoisement de l’orang-outan, malgré l’ambition de libérer celui-ci. Le choix de l’espèce, les caractéristiques développées et la protection constituent une emprise inédite sur des êtres alors non domestiqués qui renvoie au concept d’anthropocène. Les bénévoles de cette ONG ont-ils toutefois d’autres choix face à la disparition de la forêt primaire ?
Gestion touristique de sites culturels et relations entre parties prenantes
Authors: MONTARGOT Nathalie , BORG Xavier
Published: February 2018

La mise en tourisme d’un site culturel labellisé au patrimoine mondial de l’humanité est analysée à partir du cas du pont du Gard, en Languedoc-Roussillon. Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre la dynamique des relations de gouvernance, dans le cadre d’une gestion patrimoniale et culturelle décentralisée. Une revue de littérature portant sur la théorie des parties prenantes et leurs possibles conflits est d’abord réalisée. Des entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès des parties prenantes contractuelles et non contractuelles sont ensuite analysés en fonction de leur pouvoir, de leur légitimité et de l’urgence de leurs revendications. Les résultats révèlent des divergences de perception en matière de gouvernance, de vision relative au développement du site ainsi que des rapports de force allant jusqu’au conflit. Les résultats permettent de définir une typologie des parties prenantes et démontrent la complexité de leurs relations, dans un contexte de changement lié à la réforme territoriale. Une discussion analytique et prescriptive permet d’envisager des pistes pour évoluer vers une meilleure concertation.
La mise en tourisme de
l’archéologie sur la côte nord du Pérou
Authors: POIRIER-VANNIER Estelle
Published: February 2018

La côte nord du Pérou regorge de sites archéologiques de
l’époque préhispanique, mais cette région reste encore peu fréquentée par
les touristes internationaux. La ville de Trujillo, capitale de la région de
La Libertad, est située dans la direction opposée de Cuzco et du Machu
Picchu, à neuf heures en autobus de Lima. Les subventions et les plans de
développement se concentrent principalement dans la région centre-sud (Cuzco
et Machu Picchu), créant de fortes inégalités sociales entre le nord et le
sud du Pérou. Dans un tel contexte, de quelle façon la mise en valeur de
l’archéologie sur la côte nord du pays s’articule-t-elle ? Quel est le rôle
de l’archéologie pour les populations régionales ? De quelle façon le
développement et la mise en place de dispositifs et la programmation
d’activités culturelles et communautaires influent-ils sur la transmission
de valeurs ainsi que le développement d’une identité régionale sur la côte
nord du Pérou ? À partir de deux études de cas, Chan Chan et Huacas de
Moche, nous cherchons à faire ressortir différentes approches de mise en
valeur et d’exposition utilisées au complexe archéologique et au musée de
site. La cité de Chan Chan aurait été la capitale du royaume de
Chimor (900 à 1476 apr. J.
‑
C.) et utilisée à titre de siège du gouvernement, de
résidence, de centre administratif et de centre religieux. Le complexe de
Huaca del Sol y de la Luna aurait été la capitale de la civilisation moche
(100 av. J.
‑
C. à 700 apr. J.
‑
C.) à son apogée. Il représente l’un des plus anciens centres
cérémonials urbains de la côte nord du Pérou.
L’analyse des circuits de visites aux complexes
archéologiques et aux musées de site de Chan Chan et de Huacas de Moche vise
à mettre en parallèle deux approches d’utilisation de dispositifs et de
construction d’un discours sur l’archéologie. Le cas du musée de site de
Chan Chan présente un modèle muséographique des années 1990, tandis que
celui du musée de site de Huacas de Moche propose une approche puisant ses
concepts dans la nouvelle muséologie (2010). Par ailleurs, ces modèles de
gestion, l’un issu du secteur public (Chan Chan) et l’autre (Huacas de
Moche) émanant d’une gestion mixte, ont une influence sur la manière de
présenter l’archéologie au public. Cela nous amène à nous questionner sur le
rôle du musée de site dans la construction d’un discours sur l’archéologie,
ainsi que sur son lien avec la communauté locale.
Thinking with Stories
Authors: Shaw Jessica
Published: February 2018

As a relational epistemology and research methodology, narrative inquiry is one way that people come to know experience through story. Social workers are experienced in working with people’s stories, yet there is a dearth of literature where both social work and narrative inquiry are discussed alongside each other. This paper highlights the particular ways that a researcher commits to living and understanding a narrative view of experience as they engage in research that is relational. It explains some of the language that narrative inquirers use to describe their work, and uses examples from a social work doctoral dissertation to demonstrate the methodological touchstones of a social work narrative inquiry. It concludes with an invitation for social workers to consider narrative inquiry as a process that can guide and advance both clinical practice and social justice work.
L’idéal interculturel à l’aune des politiques publiques à l’échelle municipale au Québec
Authors: Rocher François
Published: February 2018

Au Québec, l’élaboration des orientations générales et des programmes en matière de « gestion de la diversité » ou d’interculturalisme relève des autorités provinciales et municipales. L’intégration sociale et économique des nouveaux arrivants incombe au gouvernement provincial qui, par la suite, conclut des ententes avec les municipalités pour sa mise en oeuvre à l’échelle locale. Chacun des ordres de gouvernement intervient au regard de ses compétences, mais aussi en tentant de promouvoir certaines valeurs/objectifs. En identifiant les interventions des cinq plus grandes municipalités du Québec (Montréal, Québec, Laval, Gatineau, Longueuil) et en les classant selon les trois dimensions constitutives de l’interculturalisme (instrumentale, humaniste et citoyenne), nous remarquons que les objectifs à caractère humaniste, qui cherchent à favoriser la cohésion sociale, la communication, l’ouverture à la différence et le respect des droits de la personne, sont plus nombreux que ceux s’inscrivant dans les dimensions instrumentale et citoyenne. Par contre, les actions proposées par les municipalités sont davantage de nature instrumentale et s’inscrivent dans un rapport clientéliste. La dimension citoyenne est la moins présente. Il existe néanmoins de grandes disparités entre les cinq municipalités retenues. Le présent article en rend compte.
L’expérience de la diversité dans les quartiers de classe moyenne à Montréal
Authors: Jean Sandrine
Published: February 2018

Les tensions sociales et politiques concernant la question de l’immigration qui secouent le Québec sont plus que jamais d’actualité. Alors que plusieurs travaux ont porté sur les attitudes face à l’immigration, nous proposons un regard ethnographique sur l’expérience de la diversité dans deux quartiers dits de « classe moyenne » de la grande région de Montréal. L’observation concrète des interactions interethniques dans les espaces publics ainsi que des entrevues qualitatives approfondies auprès de familles « natives » et d’origine immigrante avec de jeunes enfants nous permettent d’avancer que les espaces publics, plus particulièrement les parcs de quartier, apparaissent comme des lieux particulièrement privilégiés des familles dans l’expérience de la diversité et l’apprivoisement de la différence. Bien que la convivialité l’emporte sur l’aversion dans ces espaces publics, certains inconforts demeurent, surtout lorsqu’ils engagent des marqueurs religieux ou touchent à l’éducation des enfants. La sociabilité publique et la participation dans les réseaux communautaires, tant des « natifs » que des immigrants, permettent de dépasser certaines tensions et favorisent des rapprochements vers une cohabitation interethnique urbaine inclusive.
Une approche interculturaliste théorico-pratique
Authors: Giménez Romero Carlos , Beauclair Nicolas
Published: February 2018

Cet article présente une approche interculturaliste de base interdisciplinaire développée depuis 1994 à travers une trajectoire universitaire théorico-pratique de recherches anthropologiques, d’actions formatives, de consultation et de projets d’intervention. Cette proposition interculturaliste a été élaborée de manière dialectique à partir de la praxis et sert de fondement idéologico-scientifique à divers plans et programmes. L’interculturalisme est formulé comme projet sociopolitique et éthique ; comme utopie, méthode et processus dialogique ; et comme proposition basée sur trois principes : 1) principe d’égalité, juridique et relationnelle ; 2) principe de différence, respect et mise à profit de la diversité ; 3) principe d’interaction positive, d’unité dans la diversité, mettant l’accent sur ce qui est commun et sur la construction participative. Après avoir caractérisé le contexte espagnol et synthétisé les traits primordiaux de l’Approche interculturaliste, son application est détaillée dans le Projet d’Intervention communautaire interculturel, initié en 2010 dans 17 territoires de grande diversité de 15 villes espagnoles, et élargi en 2014 à 39 territoires de 32 municipalités.
La toponymie aux îles de la Société (Polynésie française)
Authors: Saura Bruno
Published: February 2018

Il est particulièrement fructueux de mettre en évidence et de catégoriser les logiques socioculturelles sur lesquelles reposent, en contexte polynésien traditionnel, les noms d’îles, de territoires, de parcelles de terre. Ce type d’étude rend compte de l’unité des cultures de la vaste Polynésie à partir du constat de la récurrence des toponymes, reproduits au fil des migrations, d’ouest en est. La prégnance d’une culture de la mer s’y exprime aussi dans l’assimilation de certains lieux aux parties d’une pirogue, et dans l’appréhension symbolique des îles comme des poissons. Cet article s’attache principalement aux îles de la Société, à travers la question du changement du nom des îles, des liens entre anthroponymes et toponymes, des raisons de la nomination de parcelles de terre de taille parfois très réduite. Sont aussi détaillés les résultats d’une étude de terrain à Huahine où furent recensés plus de six cents noms de terres. Souvent descriptifs (particularités géomorphologiques, végétation, sources…), ils rendent également compte de l’ancienne organisation sociopolitique de l’île, elle-même empreinte d’une vieille culture de la navigation.
Analysis of Policy Change Relating to Presidential Regulation No.19 year 2016 on Health Insurance became Presidential Regulation No.28 year 2016 on Health Insurance
Authors: Simanjuntak Julian , Sjaaf Amal Chalik
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The rapid change from presidential regulation no.19 year 2016 on health insurance into presidential regulation no.28 year 2016 on health insurance get a big attention. This research was purposed to analyze about health insurance policy which changed very quickly. It changed from presidential regulation no.19 year 2016 into presidential regulation no.28 year 2016 on health insurance. The researcher used qualitative methods. The analysis from the input processing and output showed that the change of presidential regulation is a responsive form from president when he looked public rejection response for the increase of fee. The president extended it through the department of health affairs. In terms of inputs, the resources of this policy change are still very limited, while at the stage of the process there is still a lack of cross-sector coordination with related institutions and difficulties in getting the materials needed in the discussion. Presidential Regulation No.28 of 2016 on Health Insurance that became the output in this change is considered to be able to accommodate the demand of the people but the changes are not in accordance with the actuary calculations. This change of presidential regulation not yet affected to appropriate the fee adequacy on BPJS Implementation. The department of health affairs as a leader of health sector was recommended to increase the cross-sectoral coordination which can manifest the better product of health policy and to complete the policy instrument that yet to be determined. It also used to be concern from the department of health affairs, DJSN and BPJS which explained the increase of fee must be offset by a quality improvement rather than the implementation of national health insurance. Keywords: change, policy, presidential
Level of Adherence and Its Determinants of Prolanis Attendance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Participants at Five BPJS Primary Health Care in Bekasi 2016
Authors: Asfiani Ledy Visna , Ilyas Yaslis
Published: February 2018

The continuity of the participation in Prolanis is one of the primary health care services indicators of commitment, so finding out the level of adherence and the factors influencing it is very important. The aim of the study is to investigate the adherence level of Prolanis participanst and its determinants in type 2 diabetes patients at five BPJS primary health care in Bekasi. This is a cross sectional study, using questionnare to 220 participants with type 2 diabetes by simple random sampling method proportionally. Adherence level of the participants is 3.59 out of 6 times. Length of illness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and the implementation of the program guidelines are correlated with the adherence level and the dominant factor is perceived barriers. Factors in individual and provider can be used as evaluation tools for the primary health care in facilitating the participants’ needs so that it would increase the level of adherence.
Simultaneous two-photon imaging and two-photon optogenetics of cortical circuits in three dimensions
Authors: Yang Weijian , Carrillo-Reid Luis , Bando Yuki , Peterka Darcy S , Yuste Rafael
Published: February 2018

The simultaneous imaging and manipulating of neural activity could enable the functional dissection of neural circuits. Here we have combined two-photon optogenetics with simultaneous volumetric two-photon calcium imaging to measure and manipulate neural activity in mouse neocortex in vivo in three-dimensions (3D) with cellular resolution. Using a hybrid holographic approach, we simultaneously photostimulate more than 80 neurons over 150 μm in depth in layer 2/3 of the mouse visual cortex, while simultaneously imaging the activity of the surrounding neurons. We validate the usefulness of the method by photoactivating in 3D selected groups of interneurons, suppressing the response of nearby pyramidal neurons to visual stimuli in awake animals. Our all-optical approach could be used as a general platform to read and write neuronal activity.
An Indo-Pacific damselfish (Neopomacentrus cyanomos) in the Gulf of Mexico: origin and mode of introduction
Authors: Robertson D. Ross , Dominguez-Dominguez Omar , Victor Benjamin , Simoes Nuno
Published: February 2018

The Indo-West Pacific (IWP) coral-reef damselfishNeopomacentrus cyanomosis well established across the south-west Gulf of Mexico (SwGoMx). Comparisons of mtDNA sequences of the SwGoMx population with those from conspecifics from 16 sites scattered across its native geographic range show that the SwGoMx population is derived from two of four native lineages: one from the north-west Pacific Ocean, the other from the northern Indian Ocean. Three hypotheses address how this species was introduced to the SwGoMX: (1) aquarium release; (2) borne by cargo-ship; and (3) carried by offshore petroleum platform (petro-platform). The first is unlikely because this species rarely features in the aquarium trade, and “N. cyanomos” traded to the USA from the sole IWP source we are aware of are a misidentified congener,N. taeniurus. The second hypothesis is unlikely because shipping has not been associated with the introduction of alien damselfishes, there is little international shipping between the IWP and the SwGoMx, and voyages between those areas would be lengthy and along environmentally unfavorable routes. Various lines of evidence support the third hypothesis: (i) bio-fouled petro-platforms represent artificial reefs that can sustain large and diverse populations of tropical reef-fishes, includingN. cyanomosin the SwGoMx; (ii) relocation of such platforms has been implicated in trans-oceanic introductions leading to establishment of non-native populations of such fishes; and (iii) genetic characteristics of the SwGoMx population indicate that it was established by a large and diverse group of founders drawn from the IWP regions where many petro-platforms currently in the SwGoMx and other Atlantic offshore oilfields originated.
Calpain activation and disturbance of autophagy are induced in cortical neurons in vitro by exposure to HA/β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ nanoparticles
Authors: Lei Yu , Wang Chengkun , Jiang Quan , Sun Xiaoyi , Du Yongzhong , Zhu Yaofeng , Lu Yingmei
Published: February 2018

The toxicity of engineered nanoparticles remains a concern. The knowledge of biohazards associated with particular nanoparticles is crucial to make this cutting-edge technology more beneficial and safe. Here, we evaluated the toxicity of Ga2O3 nanoparticles (NPs), which are frequently used to enhance the performance of metal catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions. The potential inflammatory signaling associated with the toxicity of HA/β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ NPs in primary cortical neurons was examined. We observed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis in neurons following various concentrations (0, 1, 5, 25, 50, 100 µg/ml) of HA/β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ NPs treatment. Consistently, constitutively active forms of calcineurin (48 kDa) were significantly elevated in cultured primary cortical neurons, which was consistent with calpain activation indicated by the breakdown products of spectrin. Moreover, HA/β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ NPs result in the elevation of LC3-II formation, SQSTM/p62, and Cathepsin B, whereas phosphorylation of CaMKII (Thr286) and Synapsin I (Ser603) were downregulated in the same context. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that calpain activation and a disturbance of autophagy signaling are evoked by exposure to HA/β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ NPs, which may contribute to neuronal injury in vitro.
Atuação do Profissional de Secretariado Executivo no Mercado de Trabalho: Uma Análise dos Egressos da Unicentro
Authors: Kobernovicz Graciele , Caldas Santos Vilmara , Crotti Katiane
Published: February 2018

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar em quais ocupações/funções encontram-se empregados os egressos do curso de Secretariado Executivo da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste – UNICENTRO. Os objetivos específicos buscaram quantificar os profissionais da área e seus locais de trabalho, bem como identificar e analisar a relação que se pode estabelecer com as assessorias. Na metodologia utilizou-se a abordagem quantitativa. Para a coleta de dados, aplicaram-se questionários a 144 egressos do curso que se formaram entre os anos de 2009 e 2014,  tais dados foram tratados por meio de análises estatísticas descritivas básicas. A pesquisa revelou que os profissionais são bem aceitos no mercado de trabalho, exercendo atribuições secretariais, porém não registrados formalmente como Secretários (as) Executivos (as), mas com outras nomenclaturas. Identifica-se também que os egressos usufruem da assessoria nas mais variadas formas em seu ambiente de trabalho, caracterizando-os como Assessores Executivos, confirmando o pressuposto teórico.
Os Grupos de Pesquisa Institucionalizados em Secretariado Executivo e Sua Contribuição Para o Fomento do Conhecimento Secretarial
Authors: Carvalho Dalila Cassagni de Mendonça , Silva Lara Lúcia
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os grupos de pesquisa em Secretariado Executivo e a sua importância para a construção de uma teoria própria. Ademais, de forma secundária, buscou-se compreender a rede social formada pelos pesquisadores da área. Para isso, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa, bem como a aplicação de um questionário e a operacionalização de um software, que auxiliou na formação das ligações da rede social existente. Os resultados obtidos revelaram a existência de 10 grupos de pesquisa na área secretarial, sendo que a maioria possui uma afinidade com a Administração. Verifica-se uma tendência em qualificação stricto-sensu, principalmente pelo fato de que a atividade fim dos grupos é a investigação científica, demandando, assim, formação acadêmica que auxilie no crescimento do grupo e da equipe. Além disso, impasses como falta de pessoal, financiamento e literatura adequada são queixas presentes. A rede social demonstrou que 61% dos pesquisadores de Secretariado Executivo formam ligações fortes entre eles, porém somente 40% se conectam. Pode-se chegar à conclusão de que os grupos de pesquisa ajudam a fazer com que aos poucos o número de produções científicas aumente, podendo assim embasar as atividades mais “técnicas” do Secretariado e contribuir com a formação de uma epistemologia. Combinados à formação de parcerias entre os autores da mesma ou de universidades diferentes, a rede social fortalece e possibilita a criação de outros grupos de estudo, atraindo cada vez mais o interesse dos estudantes.
Mudanças nas funções do profissional de contabilidade após a implementação do ERP
Authors: Alves Maria do Céu Gaspar , Matos Sergio Ivo Amaral
Published: February 2018

Os sistemas ERP têm merecido alguma atenção dos investigadores, sendo a maioria dos estudos efetuados na fase de implementação do ERP. Porém, é na fase seguinte, fase pós-implementação, que se esperam maiores mudanças na contabilidade e nas competências exigidas ao profissional de contabilidade. Assim, e pretendendo colmatar esta lacuna, esta investigação incide nas competências exigidas ao profissional de contabilidade na fase pós-implementação do ERP. Para isso, é efetuado um estudo empírico, através de um inquérito por questionário, tendo se alcançado uma taxa de resposta de 51%. Os resultados indicam, que a implementação do ERP obriga o contabilista de gestão a adquirir novas competências e que estas exigências vão aumentando à medida que o tempo vai decorrendo.
Distribution of Trace Gases and Aerosols in the Troposphere Over Siberia During Wildfires of Summer 2012
Authors: Antokhin P. N. , Arshinova V. G. , Arshinov M. Y. , Belan B. D. , Belan S. B. , Davydov D. K. , Ivlev G. A. , Fofonov A. V. , Kozlov A. V. , Paris J.‐D. , Nedelec P. , Rasskazchikova T. M. , Savkin D. E. , Simonenkov D. V. , Sklyadneva T. K. , Tolmachev G. N.
Published: February 2018

The results of sensing of the gas and aerosol composition of the atmosphere with the Optik Tu‐134 aircraft laboratory in the period from 31 July to 1 August 2012 are presented. The measurements were conducted along the flight route Novosibirsk‐Tomsk‐Mirny‐Yakutsk‐Bratsk‐Novosibirsk. A significant part of the Siberian territory during this period was covered by numerous forest fires. The synoptic situation during the measurements was characterized by the presence of low‐gradient field. This fact determined the low rate of transport and diffusion of pollutants and their accumulation in the region under study. The maximal concentrations of CO2, CH4, and CO over fire zones achieved 432 ppm, 2367 ppb, and 4036 ppb, respectively. The aerosol particle number density in emission plumes achieved 4400 cm−3. Outside emission plumes, the concentration ranged within 400–1000 cm−3depending on the region. The mass concentration of aerosol in plumes increased approximately 7 times (6.9). The enrichment of the concentration of some elements and ions in the plume with respect to the background varied from 1.3 to 9.1 times. The generation of ozone from biomass burning products was observed at plume boundaries. Two versions of this process are possible: ozone generation under and above the plume.
In Situ Time‐Dependent and Progressive Oxidation of Reduced State Functionalities at the Nanoscale of Carbon Nanoparticles for Polarity‐Driven Multiscale Near‐Infrared Imaging
Authors: Srivastava Indrajit , Misra Santosh K. , Tripathi Indu , Schwartz‐Duval Aaron , Pan Dipanjan
Published: February 2018

Surface abundant oxidize‐able functionalities at the nanoscale of carbon dots are prone to undergo sequential aerial oxidation leading to polarity‐driven wavelength tuning of their photoluminescence and consequently boost their quantum yields. With the progression of time, aerial oxidation is gradually increased from 1 to 6 h; consequently, a remarkable shift in the emission peak is observed, likely due to a gradual decrease in their respective band gaps leading to red shift of their photoluminescence. These bands are found to be dependent on the time of hydrothermal treatment of the model small molecules, i.e., benzophenone imine, and not on the size of the carbon core, as is the typical case for semiconductor quantum dots. Due to their high quantum yield (≈31%), it is demonstrated that these wavelength‐tuned carbon nanoparticles can be efficiently used for multiscale bioimaging, i.e., intracellular, deep tissue ex vivo and in vivo fluorescence bioimaging.
Counteraction ability of TMAO toward different denaturing agents
Authors: Vigorita Marilisa , Cozzolino Serena , Oliva Rosario , Graziano Giuseppe , Del Vecchio Pompea
Published: February 2018

Differential scanning calorimetry measurements performed on RNase A in aqueous binary solutions containing different concentrations of urea, tetramethylurea, guanidinium chloride, and guanidinium thiocyanate, and in aqueous ternary solutions, containing the same denaturants plus 1 M trimethylamine N‐oxide, TMAO, demonstrate that the latter has a general counteracting ability at pH 7.0, but not at pH 4.0. Experimental data rule out the idea that counteraction originates from direct interactions between TMAO molecules and denaturing agents. A rationalization is provided on the basis of a theoretical approach grounded on the solvent‐excluded volume effect, whose magnitude depends on the density of aqueous solutions.
Towards Reflexive Responsibility in a Textile Supply Chain
Authors: Börjeson Natasja , Boström Magnus
Published: February 2018

Modern industrial society has transformed the textile sector. Brand‐owning companies today seldom own the production process but instead rely on global supply chains consisting of a myriad of suppliers and sub‐suppliers. The global scope of this sector, along with the complex and uncertain health and environmental risks associated with textile production, create extensive challenges for companies striving for sustainability. This paper explores the possibilities for responsible management of high‐risk chemicals in textiles and focuses on a case study of a Swedish outdoor company. The concept of reflexive responsibility is used to understand and discuss potential possibilities and challenges. The paper describes the process and illuminates the complexity, balancing acts and avenues for upstream responsibility faced by a brand‐owning company. It contributes to an understanding of how important steps towards responsibility can be taken. It also addresses the limits of responsible supply chain management of one organization, albeit a highly committed one. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Sector, Landscape or Rural Transformations? Exploring the Limits and Potential of Agricultural Sustainability Initiatives through a Cocoa Case Study
Authors: Nelson Valerie , Phillips David
Published: February 2018

This paper analyses the changing nature of sustainability initiatives and their capacity to tackle sustainability challenges, focusing on cocoa in West Africa, and distilling lessons pertinent across agro‐export industries and regions. Using data from empirical studies, literature review and consultations with key cocoa actors, we find ‘sustainable’ cocoa at a critical juncture. Applying an existing theoretical framework that distinguishes between resilience, transition and transformation of systems, we explore and analyse previous, current and future sustainability responses. We conclude that there are important innovations and upscaling of investment occurring in the cocoa sector on sustainability, but also that current approaches risk achieving only incremental change, helping to sustain the industry under deteriorating conditions (resilience), without enabling smallholders to claim rights and greater representation (transition) or tackling more fundamental root causes of the vulnerability of smallholders (transformation). Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Arachnoid diverticulum diagnosis following treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in a dog
Authors: Galban Evelyn , Perkins Jennifer
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical Message

Successful long‐term treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in dogs is clinically challenging. In humans, there are only rare case reports of complications post‐treatment including arachnoid diverticula. Combination antifungal therapy is standard of practice in human medicine and should be considered in veterinary patients.
Multiple cerebral infarction revealing Takayasu's disease: a case report in a 32‐year‐old man from Cameroon, sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Kamdem Félicité , Kenmegne Caroline , Hamadou Ba , Mapoure Yacouba , Lekpa Fernando K. , Mouliom Sidicki , Jingi Ahmadou Musa , Luma Henry , Doualla Marie Solange
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical Message

This case suggests that young patients with few vascular risk factors, and who present with acute stroke syndrome involving more than one vascular territory should be screened for an inflammatory or infectious cause.
Logging and fire regimes alter plant communities
Authors: Bowd Elle J. , Lindenmayer David B. , Banks Sam C. , Blair David P.
Published: February 2018

Disturbances are key drivers of plant community composition, structure, and function. Plant functional traits, including life forms and reproductive strategies are critical to the resilience and resistance of plant communities in the event of disturbance. Climate change and increasing anthropogenic disturbance are altering natural disturbance regimes globally. When these regimes shift beyond the adaptive resilience of plant functional traits, local populations and ecosystem functions can become compromised. We tested the influence of multiple disturbances, of varying intensity and frequency, on the composition and abundance of vascular plant communities and their respective functional traits (life forms and reproductive strategies) in the wet sclerophyll, Mountain Ash Eucalyptus regnans forests of southeastern Australia. Specifically, we quantified the effect of the type and number of disturbances (including fires, clearcut logging, and salvage logging) on plant community composition. We found that clearcut and salvage logging and the number of fires significantly influenced plant community composition and functional traits. Specifically, multiple fires resulted in lower populations of species that depend on on‐site seeding for persistence. This includes the common tree species Eucalyptus regnans, Pomaderris aspera, and Acacia dealbata. In contrast, clearcut and salvage logged sites supported abundant on‐site seeder species. However, species that depend on resprouting by surviving individuals, such as common and keystone “tree ferns” Dicksonia antarctica and Cyathea australis, declined significantly. Our data have important implications for understanding the relationship between altered disturbance regimes and plant communities and the respective effects on ecosystem function. In a period of rapid global environmental change, with disturbances predicted to increase and intensify, it is critical to address the impact of altered disturbance regimes on biodiversity.
From Powdered Oxide to Shaped Metal: an Easy Way to Prepare a Porous Metallic Alloy for SOFC
Authors: Al‐Kattan D. , Lenormand P. , Mauvy F. , Rozier P.
Published: February 2018

This work reports a proof of concept to obtain a shaped porous metallic alloy by the reduction at low temperature of an oxide precursor shaped at high temperature. A mixed cations oxide selected for potential applications in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), is prepared using Pechini's polymer route and consolidated using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique at temperature in the 900 °C – 1,100 °C range. A pellet of pure AB2O4 spinel‐like structure with 10% of open porosity is obtained. The reduction of this pellet under H2 flow at low temperature (800 °C) allows obtaining a highly porous (48%) metallic pellet which meets all necessary characteristics to be used as mechanical support for the third generation of SOFC (3G‐SOFC). The use of oxide precursors widen the accessible temperature range allowing the possibility to stack in one step an oxide precursor of the 3G‐SOFC with full densification of the electrolyte. This proof of concept opens the way to the easy and cheap “one step” building of an oxide precursor of 3G‐SOFC which will be in situ activated during the warming up of the cell.
Copper Doped La0.8Sr1.2FeO4 Ruddlesden‐Popper SOFC Cathode: Synthesis, Characterization and Model Analysis
Authors: Cordaro G. , Donazzi A. , Pelosato R. , Cristiani C. , Dotelli G. , Sora I. Natali
Published: February 2018

Novel La0.8Sr1.2Fe0.9Cu0.1O4±δ (LSFC) oxides for application as cathodes in SOFCs were prepared with two different synthetic methods: solid‐state‐reaction (SSR) and molten citrate (MC). The XRD, ICP‐OES, SEM, laser granulometry and TG‐DTA techniques were applied for the physico‐chemical characterization. 4‐points DC conductivity measurements and EIS experiments were performed in the electrochemical characterization. Compared to SSR, the MC method allowed to obtain finer powders (∼2 μm vs. ∼5 μm) and required lower calcination temperatures (1,000 °C vs. 1,400 °C). The SSR and MC samples showed similar conductivity (30 S cm−1 at 700 °C) and polarization resistance (1.7 Ω cm2 at 700 °C). The EIS results were analyzed with the equivalent circuits method, and with a physically‐based model for the simulation of the impedance spectra, which indicated that the oxygen reduction mechanism involved the TPB. The MC method revealed preferential, thanks to the lower calcination temperature.