bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does congruency matter for online green demarketing campaigns? Examining the effects of retargeting display ads embedded in different browsing contexts
Authors: Yoon Hye Jin , Lee Yoon-Joo , Sun Shuoya , Joo Jinho
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Green demarketing, which promotes anti-consumption as a more extreme sustainability tactic, could help consumers and societies move toward healthier consumption patterns while building strong, long-lasting relationships with consumers. As even the most committed brands find the need to oscillate between demarketing and conventional marketing for survival, this research tests how the congruency of the campaign shown on a brand's home page (owned media) and a following retargeting ad (paid media) could impact perceived congruency and further downstream effects. In doing so, this research proposes that the media context (i.e. news or shopping browsing context) in which the retargeting ad is embedded could determine how much congruency of the demarketing campaign across owned and paid media matters.

Design/methodology/approach

An experiment with a 2 (home page content: green vs. demarketing) × 2 (retargeting ad content: product vs. demarketing) × 2 (browsing context: shopping vs. news) between-subjects factorial design was employed with an online panel of 430 participants. The participants first saw the brand's home page content, then were assigned to a website browsing context where the retargeting ad of the brand was embedded.

Findings

In a news browsing context, users perceived higher congruency when product retargeting ads (vs. demarketing) were shown after a green home page exposure and when demarketing retargeting ads (vs. products) were delivered after a demarketing home page. The elevated perceived congruency successfully led to higher ad argument and ad attitude. These differences were not present in a shopping browsing context. These results showed that the congruency between the home page and the retargeting ad for demarketing campaigns mattered more in certain media contexts (i.e. news browsing context).

Originality/value

The study closes the empirical gap in demarketing brand activism campaigns by demonstrating when and how congruency between multiple owned and paid channels for demarketing campaigns impacts consumer responses. This study provides evidence of how the match of the demarketing campaign shown on a brand's home page and a following retargeting ad could impact perceived congruency and further downstream effects of ad argument and ad attitude while considering different browsing context effects.
Network capabilities and firm performance: a meta-analytical study
Authors: Wegner Douglas , Santini Fernando De Oliveira , Toigo Taisson
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study aims to perform a meta-analysis about network capabilities (NCs) and how they influence firm performance. Previous studies present distinct results regarding this relationship due to samples, cultural and contextual differences.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 33 papers published between 2008 and 2019.

Findings

The results contribute to theory and practice by (1) synthesizing previous research, testing the relationship between NCs and firm performance; (2) confirming the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on NCs; (3) showing how contextual variables affect the relationship between NCs and firm performance; (4) suggesting that NCs moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance.

Practical implications

Furthermore, the authors also offer managerial implications. Firms should consider investing in developing NCs to foster performance. Moreover, the contextual variables we investigated show that firms in specific contexts may experience a higher relevance of their NCs for firm performance.

Originality/value

This meta-analysis contributes to the management literature by offering a set of empirical generalizations, including relationship direct, mediation and moderation effects about network capabilities.
Predicting hot wire tungsten inert gas welding parameters for joining P91 and 304HCu steel using multi-optimization techniques
Authors: Sravan Sashank , Rajakumar S. , Rajagopalan Karthikeyan , Subramanian Kavitha
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Dissimilar joining of austenitic stainless steels and ferritic steels is a challenging task and has a wide range of applications due to its excellent mechanical and thermal characteristics. They are joined mostly by using conventional modes. In the current investigation, the study and optimization of hot wire TIG welding parameters was carried out.

Design/methodology/approach

These parameters will govern the desired characteristics of the joint. Solutions were found out through multi-response optimization by using response surface methodology and single response optimization using particle swarm optimization.

Findings

Optimized input welding parameters that were achieved are electrode current 180 amps, wire feed rate 1870 mm/min and hot wire current 98 amps and the optimized UTS is 665.45 MPa. The results from PSO were compared with RSM and the optimized input welding parameters for the electrode current, hot wire current and wire feed rate exhibited maximum ultimate tensile strength which were also confirmed from response and contour plots.

Originality/value

Sensitivity analysis was also performed to understand the effect of each individual parameters on the response. Microstructure features were evaluated for the joints and was found that the characteristics are within the desired criteria.
The effect of others’ attributions in feedback
Authors: Sockbeson Caitlin E. Smith , DeNisi Angelo S.
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Research has supported both feedback’s variable effects on performance and the effect of attributions on subsequent behavior. Managers’ attributions for subordinates’ performance affect how they react to those subordinates and the feedback they give, and subordinates’ own attributions affect their subsequent behavior. It is unclear whether (or how) a manager’s attributions for subordinate behavior affect subordinate behavior. Building on research that shows emotional reactions in response to attributions in feedback, this study aims to examine how recipients’ perceptions and subsequent effort and performance are affected when others’ attributions are shared through feedback.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on attribution theory and feedback intervention theory, this study conducts a lab experiment using manipulated performance feedback to test the effects of feedback sign and attributions in the feedback. Perceptions of the attribution are also measured to test their effects. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and regression in SPSS 27.

Findings

Results show that perceptions of the attribution communicated in feedback, rather than feedback sign alone, affect perceived valence of the feedback (e.g. feedback with an attribution to luck is generally perceived as negative). These perceptions also affect feedback acceptance and impact subsequent effort and performance more than the “objective” attribution, underscoring the importance of recipient reactions and perceptions in the feedback process.

Originality/value

This paper shows that recipients’ perceptions of others’ attributions included in feedback impact feedback reactions, effort and performance. This is valuable to scholars researching feedback and to practitioners to better understand how feedback they deliver may be interpreted.
Probity or performance? 150 years of public expenditure reform, UK Defence 1850-2000
Authors: Bernardi Andrea , Hilton Brian
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This paper analyses public sector accounting and organisation reforms, focusing on the departments in charge of defence, military procurement and war between 1850 and 2000 in Britain. Over this period, three parliamentary acts, resulting from a power struggle between the Treasury and Parliament, produced the shift between two institutional logics: probity (spending properly) and performance (spending well). The purpose of this paper is to describe how the acts produced a shift between two institutional logics.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopt Quattrone’s (2015) procedural notion of institutional logics and the consequent concept of “unfolding rationality”. Using documents from the National Archives, the authors analyse three reforms: The Exchequer and Audit Departments Act 1866 (towards probity), The Exchequer and Audit Departments Act 1921 (towards performance) and the National Audit Office Act of 1983 (towards performance and probity).

Findings

For a long time, the actors narrated in this story argued and acted as if probity and performance were incompatible. The two are now treated as compatible and equally important. Before that, the “incompatibility” was a rhetorical, or “procedural”, device. The authors argue that a procedural rather than substantive notion of institutional logics is more suitable to explain the trajectory that was the result of constant negotiation among actors.

Practical implications

The study might contribute to the understanding of the increase in national defence-spending at continental level and the call for a common European Union (EU) military procurement strategy that followed the invasion of Ukraine. The war could produce changes in what is a traditional tension between two logics: sovereignty or efficiency.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper stands in highlighting the link between the institutional logic of public-administration accounting and military history. This link emerges also thanks to a very long time-horizon. Additionally, from a theoretical viewpoint, the authors have put Quattrone’s approach to the test in a context very different from the original one (the Jesuit order).
Investigating the dark side of mobile bookkeeping applications: a moderated-mediation approach
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Kumar Aman
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effect of usage, value, tradition, risk, compatibility and complexity barriers on user resistance to mobile bookkeeping applications. Furthermore, it also explores how the relationship between these barriers and user resistance is mediated by technostress. Finally, the authors analysed the moderating impact of self-efficacy on the mediating effect of technostress between barriers and user resistance.

Design/methodology/approach

Structured questionnaires were used to obtain data from 325 respondents. A structural equation modelling technique was used to investigate the hypotheses.

Findings

The findings suggest that usage, risk and tradition barrier has a significantly positive effect on user resistance intention. Also, results suggested that technostress plays an important role in framing customers’ resistance intention. Finally, the mediation effect of technostress between risk barrier and user resistance is higher for users having low levels of self-efficacy compared with users with high levels of self-efficacy.

Originality/value

The present research enriches the existing literature, especially in the field of mobile bookkeeping applications, user resistance, technostress and innovation resistance theory. It would help bookkeeping application developers design their apps, keeping the major user barriers in mind.
Weight‐based oxytocin infusion for preventing uterine atony during caesarean delivery in non‐labouring patients: A dose–response study
Authors: Tyagi Surbhi , Tyagi Asha , Rashmi Salhotra , Mohta Medha , Gupta Bindiya
Published: February 2023

Postpartum haemorrhage remains a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality with the commonest reason being uterine atony. For prevention of uterine atony during caesarean delivery, oxytocin is advocated as a first line drug. There is however no published data regarding utility of a weight‐based oxytocin infusion. The present study evaluated dose–response relationship for oxytocin infusion when used as weight‐based regimen. A total of 55 non‐labouring patients without risk factors for uterine atony and scheduled for caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. Randomization was done to receive oxytocin infusion in a dose of 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 or 0.3 IU kg−1 h−1 (n = 11 each), initiated at the time of cord clamping and continued until the end of surgery. Successful outcome was defined as attaining an adequate uterine response at 4 min of initiation of infusion and maintained till end of surgery. Oxytocin associated hypotension, tachycardia, ST‐T changes, nausea/vomiting, flushing and chest pain were also observed. A significant linear trend for adequate intraoperative uterine tone was seen with increasing dose of weight‐based oxytocin infusion (P < 0.001). The effective dose in 90% population (ED90) was 0.29 IU kg−1 h−1 (95% CI = 0.25–0.42). Amongst the oxytocin associated side effects, a significant linear trend was seen between increasing dose of oxytocin infusion and hypotension as well as nausea/vomiting (p = 0.016 and 0.023 respectively). Thus, oxytocin infusion during caesarean delivery may be used as per the patient's body weight.
“A Holy Experiment”: Medical Mission Sisters or how Women Religious within the Catholic Church became Doctors*
Authors: Jelnikar Ana
Published: February 2023

Drawing on archival sources and adopting a microhistory approach that pays attention to “hidden transcripts,” this article aims to fill a gap in the scholarship on Catholic women and medical missions by analysing the largely overlooked contribution of two women doctors, Agnes McLaren and Anna Dengel, in professionalising the healing ministry of the Catholic Church. In 1925, Dengel founded an international religious congregation, the Society of Catholic Medical Missionaries, with the goal of providing professional health care to women in British India at a time when Church law still forbade Sisters to practise the full scope of medicine. Focusing on the years leading up to the Society's foundation and its early days in India, I highlight the multilayered context of their “holy experiment,” the various hierarchies and discourses within which they operated, and the ways in which as European Catholic women religious they negotiated with the Church patriarchy. Focusing on and advancing a nuanced approach to female religious agency, I demonstrate how their complex marginal positionality vis‐à‐vis both Church hierarchy and British colonial establishment made them paradoxical players whose very terms of subordination gave them possibilities for agency and self‐determination. My analysis of their motivations, ideas, and self‐understanding challenges the standard postcolonial critique of medical missions.
Assessment of the quality of inpatient meals and nutrition and dietetics service processes in select Philippine public hospitals
Authors: Casas Lyle Daryll D. , Antonio Terence John M. , Goyena Eva A. , Desnacido Josie P. , Cajucom Maylene P. , Nokom Donna Jennifer M. , Galat Myca E. , Angeles‐Agdeppa Imelda , Guiao Josephine L. , Ulep Valerie Gilbert T. , Uy Jhanna
Published: February 2023

Aims

The nutrition and dietetics service in Philippine public hospitals was implemented by the Department of Health in 2016 to standardise the daily allowance and nutritional content of inpatient meals. Five years later, it is timely for the Department of Health to assess the quality of inpatient meals and mandated nutrition processes in areas such as staffing, food service, and outcomes monitoring.

Methods

A mixed‐method sequential explanatory design was employed using (1) quantitative assessment through a facility survey (n = 193 hospitals) and (2) qualitative exploration of quantitative results through 6 focus group discussions (n = 36 hospitals).

Results

Philippine public hospitals were unequipped with the inputs necessary to implement processes that produce high‐quality meals for patients. The hospitals were unable to comply with the required minimum meal allowance (51%), nutritional content of meals (40%), and food service standards. Moreover, they had insufficient human resources and inefficient food procurement practices.

Conclusions

The quality of nutrition care and inpatient meals in Philippine public hospitals, who serve mostly people on low incomes, is a neglected problem in the Philippines. Moving forward, a systems approach involving the Department of Health, its regional offices, and hospital management is necessary to equip Philippine public hospitals with the inputs and structures necessary to provide high‐quality nutrition care and inpatient meals that will facilitate patient recovery and overall patient health.
Consumer perception of restaurant and ready‐to‐eat cheese dips
Authors: Best Anita R. , Racette Clara M. , Drake MaryAnne
Published: February 2023

Cheese dips are an expanding category sold as ready to eat (RTE) in grocery stores or served hot in restaurants (RST). The purpose of this study was to determine key consumer attributes for cheese dips and evaluate if key drivers of purchase for cheese dips were distinct between grocery store or restaurant purchase. An online survey (n = 931) was conducted. Participants were asked two different sets of questions based on the location they most frequently purchased and consumed cheese dip in the past 6 months, at a restaurant (n = 480) or from a grocery store (n = 451). Consumers first evaluated psychographic and agree/disagree questions regarding cheese dip and then completed maximum difference exercises focused on color and other extrinsic cheese dip attributes. Finally, an adaptive choice‐based conjoint was used to determine the relative importance of cheese dip attributes. Clustering of conjoint utility scores revealed differences in preference for spiciness, but similar preferences for other attributes within both consumer groups. RTE and RST consumers indicated that their ideal cheese dip was white in color, moderately thick, and of medium spiciness with small visible pepper pieces and jalapeno pepper flavor. For both consumer groups, spiciness was the most important characteristic of cheese dips, followed by package for RTE consumers and pepper flavor and consistency for RST consumers. Regardless of consumption context, consumers have similar ideal characteristics for cheese dips.

Practical Application

The primary drivers of purchase for cheese dip consumers are similar, regardless of context. Segmentation of consumer preferences reveals opportunities for product innovation. The data collected will aid in product development of cheese dips that better meet the needs of consumers.
An unusual presentation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis involving bones of the skull
Authors: Stojkic Ivana , Rubin Eric , Lee Jay , Lee Ashley Sang Eun , Ogbu Ekemini Akan
Published: February 2023

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is a rare, multisystemic inflammatory disease that affects children and adolescents. We present the case of an African‐American adolescent male who presented with recurrent swelling of the temporal region with skull involvement on head imaging, which is atypical for chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. He had clinical and laboratory improvement after initiation of indomethacin and pamidronate.
Loss of smelling is an early marker of aging and is associated with inflammation and DNA damage in C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Dan Xiuli , Yang Beimeng , McDevitt Ross A. , Gray Samuel , Chu Xixia , Claybourne Quia , Figueroa David M. , Zhang Yongqing , Croteau Deborah L. , Bohr Vilhelm A.
Published: February 2023

Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent symptom and an early marker of age‐related neurodegenerative diseases in humans, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. However, as olfactory dysfunction is also a common symptom of normal aging, it is important to identify associated behavioral and mechanistic changes that underlie olfactory dysfunction in nonpathological aging. In the present study, we systematically investigated age‐related behavioral changes in four specific domains of olfaction and the molecular basis in C57BL/6J mice. Our results showed that selective loss of odor discrimination was the earliest smelling behavioral change with aging, followed by a decline in odor sensitivity and detection while odor habituation remained in old mice. Compared to behavioral changes related with cognitive and motor functions, smelling loss was among the earliest biomarkers of aging. During aging, metabolites related with oxidative stress, osmolytes, and infection became dysregulated in the olfactory bulb, and G protein coupled receptor‐related signaling was significantly down regulated in olfactory bulbs of aged mice. Poly ADP‐ribosylation levels, protein expression of DNA damage markers, and inflammation increased significantly in the olfactory bulb of older mice. Lower NAD+ levels were also detected. Supplementation of NAD+ through NR in water improved longevity and partially enhanced olfaction in aged mice. Our studies provide mechanistic and biological insights into the olfaction decline during aging and highlight the role of NAD+ for preserving smelling function and general health.
Physical and chemical characterization of femur during and after body development period in male and female rats
Authors: Yılmaz Sadık , Betül Baygeldi Saime , Aslan Kanmaz Yeşim , Can Güzel Barış , Yılmaz Yücehan , Karan Meryem , Güzel Fuat
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the bone structures during four developmental periods. Forty Wistar Albino rats (20 male and 20 female) were divided into four groups including prepubertal period (group I), period between adolescence and adulthood (group II) and later (young adult period as group III and old adult period as group IV). The bones were analysed by morphometric measurements, XRF (X‐ray fluorescence) analysis for mineral levels and BET analysis (Brunaurer–Emmett–Teller) for surface area and porosity. In morphometric measurements, the GL (greatest length) and the GLC (greatest length from caput femoris) values increased gradually from the first to the fourth group, and these values were higher in the males than the females. Phosphorus and calcium values were higher in the males in adult groups (third and fourth) compared to that for the females; however, they were higher in the females in groups up to adulthood (first and second). While the Ca/P ratio reached the highest value in the second group in the male, it decreased gradually afterwards. In females, the rate, which was close to each other in the first three groups, increased in the fourth group. Surface area size in the female and the male rats was the highest in the second group. In conclusion, changes in the rat bone structure during the development and adulthood periods of the body were revealed, and it was determined that the gender factor was effective in these changes.
Unfastening Israel's Future from the Occupation: Israeli Plans for Partial Annexation of West Bank Territory
Authors: Amir Merav
Published: February 2023

Israeli plans to partially annex West Bank territory have mainly been perceived as frustrating the two‐state solution, and as putting Palestine/Israel on a path leading to the one‐state alternative. This paper analyses partial annexation plans without assuming that the future of Palestine/Israel would necessarily abide by either statist resolution. It argues that by ostensibly distancing Israel's hold of the West Bank from an identifiable configuration of a belligerent occupation, partial annexation is offered to Jewish Israelis as a path for detaching the futurity of the two nations, and as a trajectory for normalising the Israeli state, without having to make what much of this public would see as painful concessions. It further explores settlers’ objections to such plans, claiming that even a partial incorporation of West Bank territory into formal Israel is expected to erode the exclusivity of Jewish domination which Israel has been upholding in its settler‐colonial frontier.
Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is associated with improved responses to CD38 monoclonal antibody therapies in multiple myeloma: A single‐centre retrospective study
Authors: Ge Alex Y. , Huang Chiung‐Yu , Banerjee Rahul , Knoche Jennifer , Chung Alfred , Arora Shagun , Martin Thomas G. , Wolf Jeffrey , Wong Sandy W. , Wiita Arun P. , Shah Nina
Published: February 2023

The CD38‐targeting monoclonal antibodies (CD38 mAbs) are well‐established therapies in multiple myeloma (MM), but responses to treatment are not always deep or durable. Natural killer (NK) cells deficient in Fc epsilon receptor gamma subunits, known as g‐NK cells, are found in higher numbers among individuals exposed to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and are able to potentiate the efficacy of daratumumab in vivo. Here, we present a single‐centre, retrospective analysis of 136 patients with MM with known CMV serostatus who received a regimen containing a CD38 mAb (93.4% daratumumab and 6.6% isatuximab). CMV seropositivity was associated with an increased overall response rate to treatment regimens containing a CD38 mAb (odds ratio 2.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–6.02). However, CMV serostatus was associated with shorter time to treatment failure in a multivariate Cox model (7.8 vs. 8.8 months in the CMV‐seropositive vs. CMV‐seronegative groups respectively, log‐rank p = 0.18, hazard ratio 1.98, 95% CI 1.25–3.12). Our data suggest that CMV seropositivity may predict better response to CD38 mAbs, although this did not correspond to longer time to treatment failure. Larger studies directly quantitating g‐NK cells are required to fully understand their effect on CD38 mAb efficacy in MM.
Standardized prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates following initial non‐malignant biopsy result
Authors: Stroomberg Hein V. , Andersen Marc C.M. , Helgstrand John Thomas , Larsen Signe Benzon , Vickers Andrew J. , Brasso Klaus , Røder Andreas
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To compare the incidence of subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis and death following an initial non‐malignant systematic transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy with that in an age‐ and calendar‐year matched population over a 20‐year period.

Subjects and Methods

This population‐based analysis compared a cohort of all men with initial non‐malignant TRUS biopsy in Denmark between 1995 and 2016 (N = 37 231) with the Danish population matched by age and calendar year, obtained from the NORDCAN 9.1 database. Age‐ and calendar year‐corrected standardized prostate cancer incidence (SIR) and prostate cancer‐specific mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated and heterogeneity among age groups was assessed with the Cochran's Q test.

Results

The median time to censoring was 11 years, and 4434 men were followed for more than 15 years. The corrected SIR was 5.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.1–5.4) and the corrected SMR was 0.74 (95% CI 0.67–0.81). Estimates differed among age groups (P < 0.001 for both), with a higher SIR and SMR among younger men.

Conclusion

Men with non‐malignant TRUS biopsy have a much higher incidence of prostate cancer but a risk of prostate cancer death below the population average. This underlines that the oncological risk of cancers missed in the initial TRUS biopsy is low. Accordingly, attempts to increase the sensitivity of initial biopsy are unjustified. Moreover, current follow‐up after non‐malignant biopsy is likely to be overaggressive, particularly in men over the age of 60 years.
Demographic effects of road mortality on mammalian populations: a systematic review
Authors: Moore Lauren J. , Petrovan Silviu O. , Bates Adam J. , Hicks Helen L. , Baker Philip J. , Perkins Sarah E. , Yarnell Richard W.
Published: February 2023

In light of rapidly expanding road networks worldwide, there is increasing global awareness of the growing amount of mammalian roadkill. However, the ways in which road mortality affects the population dynamics of different species remains largely unclear. We aimed to categorise the demographic parameters in mammalian populations around the world that are directly or indirectly affected by road mortality, as well as identify the most effective study designs for quantifying population‐level consequences of road mortality. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review to synthesise literature published between 2000 and 2021 and out of 11,238 unique studies returned, 83 studies were retained comprising 69 mammalian species and 150 populations. A bias towards research‐intensive countries and larger mammals was apparent. Although searches were conducted in five languages, all studies meeting the inclusion criteria were in English. Relatively few studies (13.3%) provided relevant demographic context to roadkill figures, hampering understanding of the impacts on population persistence. We categorised five direct demographic parameters affected by road mortality: sex‐ and age‐biased mortality, the percentage of a population killed on roads per year (values up to 50% were reported), the contribution of roadkill to total mortality rates (up to 80%), and roadkill during inter‐patch or long‐distance movements. Female‐biased mortality may be more prevalent than previously recognised and is likely to be critical to population dynamics. Roadkill was the greatest source of mortality for 28% of studied populations and both additive and compensatory mechanisms to roadkill were found to occur, bringing varied challenges to conservation around roads. In addition, intra‐specific population differences in demographic effects of road mortality were common. This highlights that the relative importance of road mortality is likely to be context specific as the road configuration and habitat quality surrounding a population can vary. Road ecology studies that collect data on key life parameters, such as age/stage/sex‐specific survival and dispersal success, and that use a combination of methods are critical in understanding long‐term impacts. Quantifying the demographic impacts of road mortality is an important yet complex consideration for proactive road management.
‘No one else understands’, ‘I wouldn't want to pity myself over something that's not really my problem’: siblings' experiences of their adolescent brothers and sisters' inpatient treatment for mental health difficulties
Authors: McGrath Lisa , Wilson Charlotte Emma , Buckmaster Ann
Published: February 2023

Background

Family life is disrupted when a child experiences mental health difficulties. This can have long‐standing effects on sibling relationships. This study explores the lived experiences of young people who have an adolescent sibling hospitalised for treatment of a mental health difficulty.

Method

Semi‐structured interviews of 45–60 min were conducted to explore the experiences of 10 siblings (6 sisters/4 brothers aged 13–22) of nine patients (5 sisters/4 brothers aged 15–17) receiving treatment for a mental health difficulty in a child and adolescent inpatient unit (IPU). Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results

Two superordinate themes were identified: ‘Who am I if I'm not supporting them?’ and ‘On the fringes: actively involved but from the outside’. The interplay of these two super‐ordinate themes was found to influence the five sub‐ordinate themes: ‘Confusion and disbelief’, ‘Don't worry about me, focus on them.’, ‘Powerless when I need to be powerful.’, ‘Helping or hindering‐ what is this place??’ and ‘Knowledge is power.’

Conclusion

Siblings described experiencing conflicting and confusing emotions which may impact their attendance in IPU and engagement in siblings' treatment. Siblings of adolescents in inpatient treatment for mental health difficulties may be at increased risk of experiencing psychological distress. The mental well‐being of siblings must be borne in mind by child and adolescent inpatient services supporting families in crisis.
Frequent PIK3CA mutation in normal endometrial gland drives spheroid formation and may be involved in stem cell propagation
Authors: Sato Seiya , Nakayama Kentaro , Kanno Kosuke , Sultana Razia , Ishikawa Masako , Ishibashi Tomoka , Yamashita Hitomi , Kyo Satoru
Published: February 2023

Recent studies reported the presence of oncogenic mutations in normal endometrial glands, but the biological significance remains unclear. The present study investigated the status of KRAS/PIK3CA driver mutations in normal endometrial glands as well as spheroids derived from single glands. The normal endometria of surgically removed uteri (n = 3) were divided into nine regions, and 40 endometrial single glands were isolated from each region. The DNAs of 10 glands in each region were extracted and subjected to Sanger sequencing for KRAS or PIK3CA driver mutations, while the remaining 30 glands were conferred to a long‐term spheroid culture, followed by Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemical analyses of stem cell (Axin2, ALDH1A1, SOX9) markers were undertaken for spheroids. Sanger sequencing successfully detected oncogenic mutations of KRAS or PIK3CA in a single gland. Twenty‐five of the 270 glands (9.3%) had mutations in either KRAS or PIK3CA, and the mutation frequency in each endometrial region varied from 0% to 50%. The droplet digital PCR showed high mutation allele frequency (MAF) of PIK3CA mutation, suggestive of clonal expansion of mutated cells within a gland. Over 60% of the collected spheroids had PIK3CA mutations, but no KRAS mutations were detected. Immunohistochemically, spheroids were mainly composed of cells with stem cell marker expressions. High MAF of PIK3CA mutation in a single gland as well as frequent PIK3CA mutation in stem cell‐rich spheroids that originated from a single gland suggest the role of PIK3CA mutation in stem cell propagation. This information could improve our understanding of endometrial physiology as well as stem cell‐oriented endometrial regeneration and carcinogenesis.
Progress on the study of Popeye domain‐containing 3 (POPDC3) in malignancies and striated muscle function and homeostasis
Authors: Sun Chen‐Chen , Zhao Zhe , Peng Xi‐Yang , Zheng Lan , Tang Chang‐Fa
Published: February 2023

The Popeye domain‐containing protein 3 (POPDC3), a transmembrane protein with a unique cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) binding site, is widely expressed in mammalian tissues, with the highest levels of expression in skeletal muscle. POPDC3 plays a key role in many physiological and pathological processes and is considered a candidate biomarker and potential therapeutic target of cancer. In addition, POPDC3 gene variants have been associated with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 26. However, there are only a few studies on the biological role of POPDC3, interacting proteins, potential downstream targets, and regulated signaling pathways. Therefore, this review focuses on the structure of POPDC3 protein, interacting molecules, and the role and mechanism in cancer, and in cardiac and skeletal muscle, and to review the current research progress of POPDC3 and propose possible future study directions.
Origins of SOPH syndrome: A study of 93 Yakut patients with review of C‐terminal phenotype
Authors: Zhozhikov Leonid , Sukhomyasova Aitalina , Gurinova Elizaveta , Nogovicina Anna , Vasilev Filipp , Maksimova Nadezhda
Published: February 2023

Since the first report of SOPH syndrome among the Yakut population in 2010, new clinical data of SOPH‐like conditions continue to appear. We expand the phenotypic spectrum of SOPH syndrome and perform a comparative analysis of Yakut SOPH patients' clinical data with SOPH‐like conditions reported in the world scientific literature to form a foundation for NBAS pathogenesis discussion. Clinical data from the genetic records of 93 patients with SOPH syndrome and global survey data on patients with pathogenic variants of the C‐terminal in the NBAS gene were collected. A detailed phenotype description of patients is presented with a total number of 111 individuals. Underweight below the fifth centile and prone to delayed bone age in Yakut SOPH patients are retrospectively observed. We outline the short stature with optic atrophy as the leading phenotyping trait for C‐terminal NBAS patients. The pathophysiology and patients management of SOPH‐like conditions are discussed.
Electrochemical decontamination of titanium dental implants. An in vitro biofilm model study
Authors: Virto Leire , Odeh Verónica , Garcia‐Quismondo Enrique , Herrera David , Palma Jesús , Tamimi Faleh , Sanz Mariano
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The objective of this study is to study the effect of electrochemical treatment on biofilms developed on titanium dental implants, using a six‐species in vitro model simulating subgingival oral biofilms.

Materials and Methods

Direct electrical current (DC) of 0.75 V, 1.5 V, and 3 V (anodic polarization, oxidation processes) and of −0.75 V, −1.5 V, and ‐3 V (cathodic polarization, reduction processes) was applied between the working and the reference electrodes for 5 min on titanium dental implants, which have been previously inoculated with a multispecies biofilm. This electrical application consisted of a three‐electrode system where the implant was the working electrode, a platinum mesh was the counter electrode, and an Ag/AgCl electrode was the reference. The effect of the electrical application on the biofilm structure and bacterial composition was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A generalized linear model was applied to study the bactericidal effect of the proposed treatment.

Results

The electrochemical construct at 3 V and −3 V settings significantly reduced total bacterial counts (p < .05) from 3.15 × 106 to 1.85 × 105 and 2.92 × 104 live bacteria/mL, respectively. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most affected species in terms of reduction in concentration. The 0.75 V and −0.75 V treatments had no effect on the biofilm.

Conclusion

Electrochemical treatments had a bactericidal effect on this multispecies subgingival in vitro biofilm model, being the reduction more effective than the oxidative treatment.
The Impact of a Public Health Emergency on the Demand for Life Insurance – An Empirical Analysis Based on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Authors: Sun Ying , Li Xiaoyan , Xie Yuantao
Published: February 2023

We examined changes in personal life insurance purchase decisions after a public health event by incorporating perceived health risk and regret into the expected utility function. The model predicts that the epidemic will create incremental insurance demand. Based on the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in China, we used a panel dataset of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2007 and applied the difference‐in‐differences method to confirm the prediction empirically. The results showed that the epidemic did not significantly impact the demand for life insurance in the short term but played a role in the long term. People increased their health‐care expenditure and premiums for new policies after the severe acute respiratory syndrome event, suggesting that the epidemic changed people's perceived risk and triggered anticipated regret, which increased life insurance demand. Some robustness checks also supported our findings.
Use of optimal medical therapy in patients with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Insights from a prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Arnold Suzanne V. , de Lemos James A. , Zheng Luke , Rosenson Robert S. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Alam Shushama , Bhatt Deepak L. , Cannon Christopher P. , Kosiborod Mikhail ,   the GOULD Investigators
Published: February 2023

Aim

To examine improvement in the use of optimal medical therapy (OMT) for secondary prevention in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and diabetes.

Materials and Methods

Patients with ASCVD (coronary, cerebrovascular, peripheral) and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol of 70 mg/dl or higher were enrolled from December 2016 to July 2018 from 107 US sites/physicians (47% cardiology, 41% primary care, 12% other) and prospectively followed for 2 years (current analysis restricted to subgroup with diabetes). OMT was defined as high‐intensity lipid‐lowering (high‐intensity statin, any statin + ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor), antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant), angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ACE‐I/ARB/ARNI) (excluding glomerular filtration rate [GFR] < 30 ml/min/1.73m2) and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)/glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1 RA) (excluding GFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 and type 1 diabetes).

Results

Among 1590 patients with ASCVD and diabetes (96% type 2 diabetes), 58% were on high‐intensity lipid‐lowering therapy at the end of follow‐up, 87% antithrombotic, 71% ACE‐I/ARB/ARNI and 17% SGLT2i/GLP‐1 RA. Overall, 11% of patients received comprehensive OMT, which modestly improved over time (vs. 8% at baseline; P = .002). Patients treated by cardiologists (vs. non‐cardiologists) were more likely to be on high‐intensity lipid lowering, but less likely to be on an SGLT2i/GLP‐1 RA, and thus had lower rates of composite OMT (7.8% vs. 13.7%, P < .001). In a hierarchical multivariable model, older age was associated with lower odds of OMT (OR 0.74 per 10 years, 95% CI 0.60‐0.90), whereas private insurance (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.32‐2.84) and coronary disease (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.01‐2.61) were associated with higher odds. The median odds ratio was 1.82 (95% CI 1.03‐7.32), indicating a moderate variability in OMT use, independent of patient factors.

Conclusions

We found suboptimal use of secondary prevention in US patients with ASCVD and diabetes, with minimal improvement over time. Further efforts are needed to improve the use of secondary prevention therapies in these patients with high residual risk.
Trade costs and tax transition reform in developing countries
Authors: Gnangnon Sèna Kimm
Published: February 2023

Developing countries are striving to reform their tax revenue structure to reduce its dependence on international trade tax revenue. The present study has investigated the effect of trade costs on this type of tax revenue structure reform (also referred in the present analysis to as ‘Tax transition Reform’—TTR) through the trade openness channel in developing countries. The analysis has used a set of 124 countries over the period from 1996 to 2019 and several econometric estimators. It shows that higher overall trade costs (notably non‐tariff costs) undermine the TTR process, notably in countries that enjoy high degrees of openness to international trade. In other words, countries that wish to pursue their TTR process, while concurrently further opening up their economies to international trade, have to reduce their trade costs.
Effects of human capital and learning rate: When organizations meet with information distortion and environmental dynamism
Authors: Dong Jiamin , Tian Min , Li Xiaomei , Crossan Mary
Published: February 2023

This study systematically evaluates the effects of human capital and learning rate under typical organizational contexts with information distortion (i.e., no distortion, individual forgetting, and information misrepresentation) and environmental conditions (i.e., personnel turnover and environmental turbulence). The multi‐agent simulation model reveals that keeping an appropriate learning rate is an efficient way to balance exploration and exploitation. Slow learning outperforms only under the contexts of both no distortion and rare personnel turnover, whereas intermediate and high learning rates are more valuable in other organizational contexts. Moreover, we find that human capital generally has a positive effect on learning performance, with an exception that when an organization faces environmental turbulence, human capital has an inverted U‐shaped relation with learning performance. This study draws implications for managing organizational learning and guiding organizations with different human capital on how to influence learning under various organizational contexts.
Whole‐genome re‐sequencing provides key genomic insights in farmed Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) populations of anadromous and landlocked origin from Scandinavia
Authors: Pappas Fotis , Kurta Khrystyna , Vanhala Tytti , Jeuthe Henrik , Hagen Ørjan , Beirão José , Palaiokostas Christos
Published: February 2023

Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is a niche‐market high‐value species for Nordic aquaculture. Similar to other salmonids, both anadromous and landlocked populations are encountered. Whole‐genome re‐sequencing (22X coverage) was performed on two farmed populations of anadromous (Sigerfjord; n = 24) and landlocked (Arctic Superior; n = 24) origin from Norway and Sweden respectively. More than 5 million SNPs were used to study their genetic diversity and to scan for selection signatures. The two populations were clearly distinguished through principal component analysis, with the mean fixation index being ~0.12. Furthermore, the levels of genomic inbreeding estimated from runs of homozygosity were 6.23% and 8.66% for the Norwegian and the Swedish population respectively. Biological processes that could be linked to selection pressure associated primarily with the anadromous background and/or secondarily with domestication were suggested. Overall, our study provided insights regarding the genetic composition of two main strains of farmed Arctic charr from Scandinavia. At the same time, ample genomic resources were produced in the magnitude of millions of SNPs that could assist the transition of Nordic Arctic charr farming in the genomics era.
Climate‐influenced shifts in a highly migratory species recreational fishery
Authors: Crear Daniel P. , Curtis Tobey H. , Hutt Cliff P. , Lee Yong‐Woo
Published: February 2023

The distribution of marine species is changing as a direct result of climate change. Large pelagic highly migratory species (HMS), like tunas, billfishes, and sharks, are particularly sensitive to environmental change due to their migratory nature and use of large‐scale ocean features. These temporal and spatial shifts are likely reflected in the Atlantic HMS recreational fishery and could have downstream effects on coastal communities. We utilized dockside intercept data from the Large Pelagics Survey (LPS) from 2002 to 2019, which conducts sampling from June to October and spans Maine to Virginia, USA. We assessed how species catch composition has changed and developed spatiotemporal models to understand latitudinal and temporal shifts in the recreational catch of 12 HMS groups. Latitudinal shifts were significantly affected by Northeast Shelf SST for 11 of the 12 HMS groups and ranged from 3 ± 1 km°C−1 for the large bluefin tuna to 40 ± 1 km°C−1 for the blue shark. In addition, the estimated day of the year when the first 25% of bigeye tuna intercepts occurred, happened over 50 days earlier in 2019 compared to 2002, suggesting the initial catch is happening earlier in recent years. These results suggest that changes in species distribution and phenology are affecting where and when HMS recreational catch occurs. Understanding these shifts would allow managers to be more responsive and flexible and also help communities prepare for changes, whether it would be a switch to a new species or shifts in the fishing season.