bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The sum of all victories? Reassessing a Sinopean victory catalogue (IK Sinope 105)
Authors: Wu Ching-Yuan
Published: April 2024

This study reassesses an inscribed victory catalogue from Sinope (IK Sinope 105) that is often discussed in scholarship concerning agonistic culture in the Roman world. One particularly curious element of this inscription is the empty nature of the penultimate line, which bears only the numerals rho-nu. In the existing scholarship, this is usually interpreted as the sum of all the athlete’s victories. This paper challenges the orthodox interpretation, using a combination of David French’s squeezes housed at the British Institute at Ankara, supported by autopsy and recent photographs of the stone itself. It goes on to reconsider the practice of summing athletic victories in honorific inscriptions more generally, examining a specially compiled dossier of 207 inscriptions of comparable date to IK Sinope 105, and concluding that the practice was relatively rare. Finally, this paper considers other possible interpretations of the rho-nu in IK Sinope 105, among which is the suggestion that rho-nu could be a chronographic feature. While the interpretation of the rho-nu in IK Sinope 105 remains open, the combination of a close analysis of the stone with a wider contextual consideration of the genre demonstrates how much more remains to be said about even a well-known and often cited inscription.
Effect of venlafaxine on anhedonia and amotivation in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: McIntyre Roger S. , Agid Ofer , Biesheuvel Egbert , Purushottamahanti Pradeep
Published: April 2024

Objective

Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) have been postulated to afford benefits in alleviating anhedonia and amotivation. This post hoc pooled analysis evaluated the effect of venlafaxine XR, an SNRI, on these symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods

Data was pooled from five short-term randomized, placebo-controlled studies of venlafaxine XR for the treatment of MDD, comprising 1087 (venlafaxine XR, n = 585; placebo, n = 502) adult subjects. The change from baseline score in the MADRS anhedonia factor (based on items 1 [apparent sadness], 2 [reported sadness], 6 [concentration difficulties], 7 [lassitude], and 8 [inability to feel]) for anhedonia, and in motivational deficits (based on 3 items of HAM-D17: involvement in work and activities, psychomotor retardation, and energy level [ie, general somatic symptoms]) for amotivation, were measured through 8 weeks. Mixed model repeated measures (MMRMs) were used to analyze changes over time and ANCOVA to analyze the change from baseline at week 8 with LOCF employed to handle missing data.

Results

At the end of 8 weeks, the change from baseline was significantly greater in patients on venlafaxine XR in both anhedonia (mean, 95% CI: −2.73 [−3.63, −1.82], p < 0.0001) and amotivation scores (mean, 95% CI: −0.78 [−1.04, −0.52], p < 0.0001) than those on placebo. For both measures, the between-group separation from baseline was statistically significant starting from week 2 onwards, and it increased over time.

Conclusion

This analysis demonstrates that venlafaxine XR is effective in improving symptoms of anhedonia and motivational deficits in patients with MDD.
Sexuelle Inaktivität und sexuelle Unzufriedenheit bei Paaren in der mittleren Lebensphase nach im Mittel 31 Jahren Beziehungsdauer
Authors: Job Ann-Katrin , Hahlweg Kurt , Schulz Wolfgang , Supke Max
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund. Sexuelle Aktivität und Erleben verändern sich über die Lebensspanne. Unabhängig vom Alter ist ein reduziertes bzw. fehlendes sexuelles Verlangen die am häufigsten berichtete sexuelle Problematik. Es fehlen Studien an Paaren in langjährigen stabilen Partnerschaften. Fragestellung. Ziel war, die sexuelle Inaktivität und Unzufriedenheit von Paaren in der mittleren Lebensphase zu untersuchen. Methode. Es wurden Daten des 18-Jahres Follow-Ups der Längsschnittstudie „ Zukunft Familie“ verwendet. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt lebten noch N = 150 (53 %) Paare zusammen (Frauen: M = 54.1 Jahre; Männer: M = 56.5 Jahre); mittlere Beziehungsdauer: 31 Jahre. Ergebnisse. Von den Frauen gaben 39 % sexuelle Inaktivität an (erfasst über die Häufigkeit des Geschlechtsverkehrs). Mit ihrer Sexualität waren 27 % (eher) unzufrieden. Sexuelle Zufriedenheit korrelierte bei Frauen und Männern positiv mit Partnerschaftszufriedenheit, höherer Lebensqualität und guter sozialer Unterstützung sowie negativ mit Ängstlichkeit und Depressivität. Schlussfolgerungen. Sexuelle Inaktivität im mittleren Lebensalter ist von psychosozialen Faktoren abhängig. Spezifische Interventionen für betroffene Paare sollten entwickelt und evaluiert werden.
Glutamine-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP underlies resistance to TRAIL in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kim Ji Hye , Lee Jinyoung , Im Se Seul , Kim Boyun , Kim Eun-Young , Min Hyo-Jin , Heo Jinbeom , Chang Eun-Ju , Choi Kyung-Chul , Shin Dong-Myung , Son Jaekyoung
Published: April 2024

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because it kills cancer cells while sparing normal cells. However, many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), exhibit intrinsic or acquired resistance to TRAIL, and the molecular mechanisms underlying TRAIL resistance in cancers, particularly in PDAC, remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that glutamine (Gln) endows PDAC cells with resistance to TRAIL through KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP. Inhibition of glutaminolysis significantly reduced the cFLIP level, leading to TRAIL-mediated formation of death-inducing signaling complexes. Overexpression of cFLIP dramatically rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Alpha-Ketoglutarate (aKG) supplementation significantly reversed the decrease in the cFLIP level induced by glutaminolysis inhibition and rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, which facilitates the conversion of oxaloacetate and glutamate into aspartate and aKG, decreased aKG production and the cFLIP level and activated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. AKG-mediated epigenetic regulation was necessary for maintaining a high level of cFLIP. Glutaminolysis inhibition increased the abundance of H3K9me3 in the cFLIP promoter, indicating that Gln-derived aKG production is important for Jumonji-domain histone demethylase (JHDM)-mediated cFLIP regulation. The JHDM KDM4C regulated cFLIP expression by binding to its promoter, and KDM4C knockdown sensitized PDAC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The present findings suggest that Gln-derived aKG production is required for KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP, which leads to resistance to TRAIL.
Genomic deletion of Bcl6 differentially affects conventional dendritic cell subsets and compromises Tfh/Tfr/Th17 cell responses
Authors: Xiao Hongkui , Ulmert Isabel , Bach Luisa , Huber Johanna , Narasimhan Hamsa , Kurochkin Ilia , Chang Yinshui , Holst Signe , Mörbe Urs , Zhang Lili , Schlitzer Andreas , Pereira Carlos-Filipe , Schraml Barbara U. , Baumjohann Dirk , Lahl Katharina
Published: April 2024

Conventional dendritic cells (cDC) play key roles in immune induction, but what drives their heterogeneity and functional specialization is still ill-defined. Here we show that cDC-specific deletion of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 in mice alters the phenotype and transcriptome of cDC1 and cDC2, while their lineage identity is preserved. Bcl6-deficient cDC1 are diminished in the periphery but maintain their ability to cross-present antigen to CD8+ T cells, confirming general maintenance of this subset. Surprisingly, the absence of Bcl6 in cDC causes a complete loss of Notch2-dependent cDC2 in the spleen and intestinal lamina propria. DC-targeted Bcl6-deficient mice induced fewer T follicular helper cells despite a profound impact on T follicular regulatory cells in response to immunization and mounted diminished Th17 immunity to Citrobacter rodentium in the colon. Our findings establish Bcl6 as an essential transcription factor for subsets of cDC and add to our understanding of the transcriptional landscape underlying cDC heterogeneity.
Protein mimetic 2D FAST rescues alpha synuclein aggregation mediated early and post disease Parkinson’s phenotypes
Authors: Stillman Nicholas H. , Joseph Johnson A. , Ahmed Jemil , Baysah Charles Zuwu , Dohoney Ryan A. , Ball Tyler D. , Thomas Alexandra G. , Fitch Tessa C. , Donnelly Courtney M. , Kumar Sunil
Published: April 2024

Abberent protein-protein interactions potentiate many diseases and one example is the toxic, self-assembly of α-Synuclein in the dopaminergic neurons of patients with Parkinson’s disease; therefore, a potential therapeutic strategy is the small molecule modulation of α-Synuclein aggregation. In this work, we develop an Oligopyridylamide based 2-dimensional Fragment-Assisted Structure-based Technique to identify antagonists of α-Synuclein aggregation. The technique utilizes a fragment-based screening of an extensive array of non-proteinogenic side chains in Oligopyridylamides, leading to the identification of NS132 as an antagonist of the multiple facets of α-Synuclein aggregation. We further identify a more cell permeable analog (NS163) without sacrificing activity. Oligopyridylamides rescue α-Synuclein aggregation mediated Parkinson’s disease phenotypes in dopaminergic neurons in early and post disease Caenorhabditis elegans models. We forsee tremendous potential in our technique to identify lead therapeutics for Parkinson’s disease and other diseases as it is expandable to other oligoamide scaffolds and a larger array of side chains.
Semantic integration of diverse data in materials science: Assessing Orowan strengthening
Authors: Bayerlein Bernd , Schilling Markus , von Hartrott Philipp , Waitelonis Jörg
Published: April 2024

This study applies Semantic Web technologies to advance Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) through the integration of diverse datasets. Focusing on a 2000 series age-hardenable aluminum alloy, we correlate mechanical and microstructural properties derived from tensile tests and dark-field transmission electron microscopy across varied aging times. An expandable knowledge graph, constructed using the Tensile Test and Precipitate Geometry Ontologies aligned with the PMD Core Ontology, facilitates this integration. This approach adheres to FAIR principles and enables sophisticated analysis via SPARQL queries, revealing correlations consistent with the Orowan mechanism. The study highlights the potential of semantic data integration in MSE, offering a new approach for data-centric research and enhanced analytical capabilities.
Exploring post-COVID-19 health effects and features with advanced machine learning techniques
Authors: Islam Muhammad Nazrul , Islam Md Shofiqul , Shourav Nahid Hasan , Rahman Iftiaqur , Faisal Faiz Al , Islam Md Motaharul , Sarker Iqbal H.
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease that has had a significant impact, resulting in a range of outcomes including recovery, continued health issues, and the loss of life. Among those who have recovered, many experience negative health effects, particularly influenced by demographic factors such as gender and age, as well as physiological and neurological factors like sleep patterns, emotional states, anxiety, and memory. This research aims to explore various health factors affecting different demographic profiles and establish significant correlations among physiological and neurological factors in the post-COVID-19 state. To achieve these objectives, we have identified the post-COVID-19 health factors and based on these factors survey data were collected from COVID-recovered patients in Bangladesh. Employing diverse machine learning algorithms, we utilised the best prediction model for post-COVID-19 factors. Initial findings from statistical analysis were further validated using Chi-square to demonstrate significant relationships among these elements. Additionally, Pearson’s coefficient was utilized to indicate positive or negative associations among various physiological and neurological factors in the post-COVID-19 state. Finally, we determined the most effective machine learning model and identified key features using analytical methods such as the Gini Index, Feature Coefficients, Information Gain, and SHAP Value Assessment. And found that the Decision Tree model excelled in identifying crucial features while predicting the extent of post-COVID-19 impact.
Degradation of edible mushroom waste by Hermetia illucens L. and consequent adaptation of its gut microbiota
Authors: Lai Linhui , Long Yaohang , Luo Meng , Tu Bo , Wu Zailin , Liu Jinling , Wan Zhixian , Wang Guangyin , Wang Xianyi , Liu Hongmei
Published: April 2024

The edible fungus industry is one of the pillar industries in the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, China. The expansion of the planting scale has led to the release of various mushroom residues, such as mushroom feet, and other wastes, which are not treated adequately, resulting in environmental pollution. This study investigated the ability of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae (BSFL) to degrade mushroom waste. Moreover, this study analyzed changes in the intestinal bacterial community and gene expression of BSFL after feeding on mushroom waste. Under identical feeding conditions, the remaining amount of mushroom waste in Pleurotus ostreatus treatment group was reduced by 18.66%, whereas that in Flammulina velutipes treatment group was increased by 31.08%. Regarding gut microbial diversity, compared with wheat bran-treated control group, Dysgonomonas, Providencia, Enterococcus, Pseudochrobactrum, Actinomyces, Morganella, Ochrobactrum, Raoultella, and Ignatzschineria were the most abundant bacteria in the midgut of BSFL in F. velutipes treatment group. Furthermore, Dysgonomonas, Campylobacter, Providencia, Ignatzschineria, Actinomyces, Enterococcus, Morganella, Raoultella, and Pseudochrobactrum were the most abundant bacteria in the midgut of BSFL in P. ostreatus treatment group. Compared with wheat bran-treated control group, 501 upregulated and 285 downregulated genes were identified in F. velutipes treatment group, whereas 211 upregulated and 43 downregulated genes were identified in P. ostreatus treatment group. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses, we identified 14 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism in F. velutipes treatment group, followed by 12 DEGs related to protein digestion and absorption. Moreover, in P. ostreatus treatment group, two DEGs were detected for fructose and mannose metabolism, and two were noted for fatty acid metabolism. These results indicate that feeding on edible mushroom waste can alter the intestinal microbial community structure of BSFL; moreover, the larval intestine can generate a corresponding feedback. These changes contribute to the degradation of edible mushroom waste by BSFL and provide a reference for treating edible mushroom waste using BSFL.
Effects of lethal management on gray wolf pack persistence and reproduction in Wisconsin, USA
Authors: Zubiria Perez Alejandra , Kellner Kenneth F. , MacFarland David M. , Price Tack Jennifer L. , Ruid David B. , Stauffer Glenn E. , Belant Jerrold L.
Published: April 2024

Direct human-caused mortality accounts for about half of all large mammal mortality in North America. For social species like gray wolves (Canis lupus), the death of pack members can disrupt pack structure and cause pack dissolution, and mortality of breeding adults or wolves during reproduction and pup-rearing can decrease pup recruitment. We estimated minimum and maximum probability of wolf pack persistence in Wisconsin, USA, during biological years (15 April–14 April) 2011–2019 and evaluated the influence of pack size and legal harvest mortality on pack persistence during 2012–2014. Harvests comprised 75–161 mortalities within 194 monitored packs during 2012–2014, with 56–74% of packs having no wolves harvested each year. As an index of reproduction during 2013–2019, we also estimated the proportion of packs where pups responded to howl surveys. We evaluated the influence of pack size, legal harvest, and agency removal on reproduction during 2013–2015. Annual maximum pack persistence probability was uniformly high (0.95–1.00), and annual minimum pack persistence probability ranged from 0.86–0.98 with a possible decline during years of harvest. Reproduction was similar in years following harvest and agency removal (2013–2015, pup response = 0.27–0.40), and years without harvest or agency removal the year prior (2016–2019, pup response = 0.28–0.66). Pack size had a positive effect on pack persistence and reproduction. Total number of wolf mortalities and number of adult male and females removed did not influence pack persistence or reproduction. We suggest that low per-pack mortality, timing of harvest and agency removal, and harvest characteristics during 2012–2014 supported stable pack persistence and reproduction.
Multi-functional perovskite oxide Pr0.6Sr0.4Mn0.2Fe0.7Ni0.1O3−δ as an efficient quasi-symmetric electrode for solid oxide fuel/electrolysis cells
Authors: Choi Junil , Jang Daehee , Kim Minho , Ha Jungseub , Ahn Hwichan , Kim Won Bae
Published: April 2024

Pr0.6Sr0.4Mn0.2Fe0.7Ni0.1O3−δ (PSMFN) is developed as a quasi-symmetric electrode catalyst for SOCs, which undergoes in situ exsolution of Fe–Ni alloy nanoparticles with a phase transition to a Ruddlesden–Popper structure under fuel conditions.
A cost-effective and facile technique for realizing fabric based microfluidic channels using beeswax and PVC stencils
Authors: P Lingadharini , Shirsat Aditya , Gardi Prathamesh , Kore Saurabh , Joshi Vedant , Patra Rusha , Maji Debashis
Published: April 2024

The present work highlights fabrication of a low cost, facile micro-fabric based analytical device using PVC sheets as stencils & beeswax as the walls which was successfully tested for micromixture usage as well as colorimetric assay for glucose detection.
Screening of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor activity in wheat, spelt and einkorn by high-performance thin-layer chromatography
Authors: Müller Isabel , Schmid Bianca , Bosa Loredana , Morlock Gertrud Elisabeth
Published: April 2024

The potential of HPTLC was studied to analyse the inhibitory properties of ATIs from wheat, spelt, and einkorn flours. It provided information on changes in individual saccharides or peptides and was more reliable than conventional in-vial assays.
High-performance and durable anion-exchange membrane water electrolysers with high-molecular-weight polycarbazole-based anion-conducting polymer
Authors: Kim Sungjun , Yang Seok Hwan , Shin Sang-Hun , Cho Hye Jin , Jang Jung Kyu , Kim Tae Hoon , Oh Seong-Geun , Kim Tae-Ho , Han HyukSu , Lee Jang Yong
Published: April 2024

Development of high-performance and durable anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis enabled by chain-extender derived high-molecular-weight polycarbazole-based anion-conductive polymer.
Impact of orthophosphate on the solubility and properties of lead orthophosphate nanoparticles
Authors: Formal Casey L. , Lytle Darren A. , Harmon Stephen , Wahman David G. , DeSantis Michael K. , Tang Min
Published: April 2024

Orthophosphate reduces lead solubility by forming small hydroxypyromorphite, Pb5(PO4)3OH, particles.
An insight, at the atomic level, into the structure and catalytic properties of the isomers of the Cu22 cluster
Authors: Zhou Huimin , Yang Tao , Deng Huijuan , Yun Yapei , Jin Shan , Xiong Lin , Zhu Manzhou
Published: April 2024

The structural isomers of Cu22 exhibit significant differences in the copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), which offers a valuable opportunity to investigate the structure-function relationship of copper nanoclusters.
Reactivity control of nitrate-incorporating octadecavanadates by changing the oxidation state and metal substitution
Authors: Yoshida Isshin , Kikukawa Yuji , Mitsuhashi Ryoji , Hayashi Yoshihito
Published: April 2024

Local structure change of the vanadium-oxygen cluster with nitrate at the center controls the catalytic performance in selective oxidation.
A supramolecular electrochemical probe based on a tetrazole derivative pillar[5]arene/methylene blue system
Authors: Makhmutova Lyaysan I. , Shurpik Dmitriy N. , Mostovaya Olga A. , Lachugina Natalia R. , Gerasimov Alexander V. , Guseinova Adelya , Evtugyn Gennady A. , Stoikov Ivan I.
Published: April 2024

Pillar[5]arenes containing ten tetrazole fragments were synthesized for the first time. A supramolecular electrochemical probe was assembled for the first time from the obtained macrocycles and methylene blue dye.
Cascade reactions of HDDA-benzynes with tethered cyclohexadienones: strain-driven events originating from ortho-annulated benzocyclobutenes
Authors: Chinta Bhavani Shankar , Sneddon Dorian S. , Hoye Thomas R.
Published: April 2024

Reactions between a benzyne and a tethered electron-deficient alkene are explored. Depending on the length of the tether, strain-driven reaction cascades ensue that lead to a variety of mechanistically intriguing transformations.
[(C5H6N2)2H](Sb4F13): a polyfluoroantimonite with a strong second harmonic generation effect
Authors: Wu Jia-Hang , Hu Chun-Li , Li Ya-Feng , Mao Jiang-Gao , Kong Fang
Published: April 2024

A universal synthesis method for polyfluoroantimonites has been developed. Polar [(C5H6N2)2H](Sb4F13) was achieved by polyfluoroantimonite strategy. It features a strong SHG effect, a large birefringence and a high LIDT value.
Giant oligomeric porous cage-based molecules
Authors: Cortés-Martínez Alba , von Baeckmann Cornelia , Hernández-López Laura , Carné-Sánchez Arnau , Maspoch Daniel
Published: April 2024

We present the synthesis of oligomeric molecules by linking metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) through the preparation of a 1-connected (1-c) MOP and its reaction with 1-c, 4-c, or 24-c molecules to yield dimeric, tetrameric, or satellite structures.
Stretched or wrinkled? Looking into the polymer conformation within polymersome membranes
Authors: Effenberg Christiane , Gaitzsch Jens
Published: April 2024

This meta-study discusses if the hydropbobic parts of amphiphilic block-copolymers are in a stretched or wrinkled state within polymersomes. It depends on the nature of the polymer and the amount of repeating units in the hydrophobic block.
PL-hMSC and CH-hMSC derived soluble factors inhibit proliferation but improve hGBM cell migration by activating TGF-β and inhibiting Wnt signaling
Authors: Uthanaphun Tanawat , Manochantr Sirikul , Tantrawatpan Chairat , Tantikanlayaporn Duangrat , Kheolamai Pakpoom
Published: April 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and aggressive brain tumors. GBM resists most chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in a high mortality rate in patients. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which are parts of the cancer stroma, have been shown to be involved in the development and progression of GBM. However, different sources of hMSCs might affect GBM cells differently. In the present study, we established hMSCs from placenta (PL-hMSC) and chorion (CH-hMSC) to study the effects of their released soluble factors on the proliferation, migration, invasion, gene expression, and survival of human GBM cells, U251. We found that the soluble factors derived from CH-hMSCs and PL-hMSCs suppressed the proliferation of U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, soluble factors derived from both hMSC sources increased U251 migration without affecting their invasive property. The soluble factors derived from these hMSCs decreased the expression levels of CyclinD1, E2Fs and MYC genes that promote GBM cell proliferation but increased the expression level of TWIST gene, which promotes EMT and GBM cell migration. The functional study suggests that both hMSCs might exert their effects, at least in part, by activating TGF-β and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling in U251 cells. Our study provides a better understanding of the interaction between GBM cells and gestational tissue-derived hMSCs. This knowledge might be used to develop safer and more effective stem cell therapy that improves the survival and quality of life of patients with GBM by manipulating the interaction between hMSCs and GBM cells.
Multi-wavelength pulse profiles from the force-free neutron star magnetosphere
Authors: Pétri J.
Published: April 2024

Context. The last two decades have witnessed dramatic progress in our understanding of neutron star magnetospheres thanks to force-free and particle-in-cell simulations. However, the associated particle dynamics and its emission mechanisms and locations have not been fully constrained, notably in X-rays.

Aims. In this paper, we compute a full atlas of radio, X-ray, and γ-ray pulse profiles, relying on the force-free magnetosphere model. Our goal is to use such a data bank of multi-wavelength profiles to fit a substantial number of radio-loud γ-ray pulsars that have also been detected in non-thermal X-rays to decipher the X-ray radiation mechanism and sites. Using results from the third γ-ray pulsar catalogue (3PC), we investigate the statistical properties of this population.

Methods. We assume that radio emission emanates from field lines rooted to the polar caps, at varying height above the surface, close to the surface, at an altitude about 5–10% of the light cylinder radius, r L. The X-ray photons are produced in the separatrix region within the magnetosphere; that is, the current sheet formed by the jump from closed to open magnetic field lines. We allow for substantial variations in emission height. The γ-rays are produced within the current sheet of the striped wind, outside the light cylinder.

Results. A comprehensive set of radio, X-ray, and γ-ray light curves was computed. Based on only geometric considerations about magnetic obliquity, line-of-sight inclination, and the radio beam cone opening angle, pulsars can be classified as radio-loud or quiet and as γ-ray-loud or quiet. We found that the 3PC sample is compatible with an isotropic distribution of obliquity and line of sight.

Conclusions. The atlases constructed in this work are the fundamental tools with which to explore individual pulsars and fit their multi-wavelength pulse profiles in order to constrain their magnetic topology, the emission sites, and the observer’s line of sight.
The spin, expansion, and contraction of open star clusters
Authors: Jadhav Vikrant V. , Kroupa Pavel , Wu Wenjie , Pflamm-Altenburg Jan , Thies Ingo
Published: April 2024

Context. Empirical constraints on the internal dynamics of open clusters are important for understanding their evolution and evaporation. High-precision astrometry from Gaia DR3 is thus useful to observe aspects of the cluster dynamics.

Aims. This work aims to identify dynamically peculiar clusters such as spinning and expanding clusters. We also quantify the spin frequency and expansion rate and compare them with N-body models to identify the origins of the peculiarities.

Methods. We used the latest Gaia DR3 and archival spectroscopic surveys to analyse the radial velocities and proper motions of the cluster members in 1379 open clusters. A systematic analysis of synthetic clusters was performed to demonstrate the observability of the cluster spin along with effects of observational uncertainties. N-body simulations were used to understand the evolution of cluster spin and expansion for initially non-rotating clusters.

Results. We identified spin signatures in ten clusters (and 16 candidates). Additionally, we detected expansion in 18 clusters and contraction in three clusters. The expansion rate is compatible with previous theoretical estimates based on the expulsion of residual gas. The orientation of the spin axis is independent of the orbital angular momentum.

Conclusions. The spin frequencies are much larger than what was expected from simulated, initially non-rotating clusters. This indicates that > 1% of the clusters are born rotating and/or they have undergone strong interactions. Higher precision observations are required to increase the sample of such dynamically peculiar clusters and to characterise them.
A note on algorithms for dual sourcing inventory systems with Tailored Base-Surge policies
Authors: Zhu Chenbo , Ren Zeqiong , Lei Lei , Wang Xing , Xie Yue
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes two algorithms for dual sourcing inventory systems with Tailored Base-Surge policies. The first algorithm solves a system of linear equations to calculate inventory positions, performance measures and their derivatives, and the second algorithm then uses them in the gradient-based type of method to find the optimal Tailored Base-Surge policy. Numerical experiments show that the two algorithms work well.
Management of Deep Vein Thrombosis: An Update Based on the Revised AWMF S2k Guideline
Authors: Linnemann Birgit , Beyer-Westendorf Jan , Espinola-Klein Christine , Mühlberg Katja S. , Müller Oliver J. , Klamroth Robert
Published: April 2024

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are the most common manifestations of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Most DVTs affect the lower-extremity veins. Since the symptoms of DVT are non-specific, a prompt and standardised diagnostic work-up is essential to minimise the risk of PE in the acute phase and to prevent thrombosis progression, post-thrombotic syndrome and VTE recurrence in the long-term. Only recently, the AWMF S2k guidelines on Diagnostics and Therapy of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism have been revised. In the present article, we summarize current evidence and guideline recommendations focusing on lower-extremity DVT (LEDVT). Depending on whether the diagnostic work-up is performed by a specialist in vascular medicine or by a primary care physician, different diagnostic algorithms are presented that combine clinical probability, D-dimer testing and diagnostic imaging. The diagnosis of ipsilateral recurrent DVT poses a particular challenge and is presented in a separate algorithm. Anticoagulant therapy is an essential part of therapy, with current guidelines clearly favouring regimens based on direct oral anticoagulants over the traditional sequential therapy of parenteral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists. For most DVTs, a duration of therapeutic-dose anticoagulation of at least 3 to 6 months is considered sufficient, and this raises the question of the risk of VTE recurrence after discontinuation of anticoagulation and the need for secondary prophylaxis in the long-term. Depending on the circumstances and trigger factors that have contributed to the occurrence of DVT, management strategies are presented that allow decision-making taking into account the individual bleeding risk and patient's preferences.
Preoperative Predictors of Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy
Authors: Kurkowski Sarah C. , Thimmesch Michael J. , Kuechly Henry A. , Johnson Brian , Bonamer John , Newyear Brian , Emmert A Scottie , Grawe Brian M.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of patient demographics and injury characteristics on post-arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (post-APM) patient-reported outcomes (PROs). We hypothesize that the presence of high-grade (Kellgren–Lawrence grades 3–4) arthritis at any location of the knee (medial and lateral compartments, patella, trochlea), comorbidities (psychiatric history, chronic pain, diabetes, smoking, body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30), and lower scores on preoperative patient-reported measures (36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]) would predict poor outcomes after APM. We conducted a single-center prospective study of 92 patients who underwent APM surgery for associated knee pain. General demographic information and PROs were prospectively collected using SF-12, SF-36, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) surveys presurgery and at 6-month follow-up. Postsurgery outcomes were patient-reported satisfaction (yes/no) and obtaining a patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) on IKDC. Data were analyzed with odds ratios (ORs), binomial logistic regression, and Mann–Whitney U test using IBM SPSS software. Demographic and injury characteristics that were poor prognostic indicators (had a decreased likelihood of obtaining PASS on IKDC postsurgery) included having Medicaid insurance (OR: 0.056; 0.003–1.00), chronic pain (OR: 0.106; 0.013–0.873), acute injury (OR: 0.387; 0.164–0.914), and high-grade (KL grades 3–4) medial compartment arthritis (OR: 0.412; 0.174–0.980), and preoperative SF-36 physical health score (PHS; p = 0.023) and mental health score (MHS; p = 0.006) values less than 47 and 48, respectively. Additionally, former smoking history (OR: 0.271; 0.079–0.928) showed a lower likelihood of being satisfied postsurgery. Not having psychiatric history (OR: 14.925; p < 0.001; increased likelihood of obtaining PASS on IKDC score postsurgery) and not having patellar arthritis (OR: 4.082; p = 0.025; increased likelihood of PASS on IKDC) were positive prognostic indicators. This study identifies predictive factors of poor outcomes post-APM; particularly, it highlights the usefulness of SF-36 surveys prior to APM surgery. Patients with low SF-36 score preoperatively may not find APM acceptable. Additional attention should be put on patient demographics (such as psychiatric history, chronic pain, and insurance type) and injury characteristics (presence of arthritis and acute injury) prior to performing APM.

Level of Evidence II.
Trilaciclib: A Novel Approach to Mitigate Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Kapoor Mayank , Sehrawat Amit , Sundriyal Deepak
Published: April 2024

Trilaciclib, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, has demonstrated the ability to protect bone marrow from chemotherapy toxicity, improving patients' quality of life (QoL). This review describes the mechanism of action, efficacy, and toxicity profile of trilaciclib. Trilaciclib halts retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation during the early G1 phase, preventing the transition from the G1/S phase and inducing the cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, which protects the hematopoietic cell lineages. Trilaciclib is indicated by the United States Food and Drug Administration and National Comprehensive Cancer Network to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients before a platinum/etoposide or topotecan containing regimen for extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Its ease of administration as an intravenous infusion, given before starting chemotherapy, and the favorable side effect profile make it a better-tolerated drug, improving patient QoL.
Characterization of Fat Used for the Optimization of the Soft Tissue Envelope of the Nose in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Storck Katharina , Ussar Siegfried , Kotz Sebastian , Altun Irem , Hu Fiona , Birk Amelie , Veit Johannes , Kovacevic Milos
Published: April 2024

Septorhinoplasty (SRP) is one of the most common aesthetic procedures worldwide. A thin or scarred soft tissue envelope, especially in the context of secondary SRP, can lead to unpredictable scarring, shrinkage, and discoloration of the skin. Other than the careful preparation of the soft tissue mantle, no gold standard exists to minimize the above-mentioned risks. Our aim was to create a thin “separation layer” between the nasal bridge (osseous and cartilaginous) and the skin envelope by autologous fat transfer with the addition of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to conceal small irregularities, to improve the quality of the skin soft tissue mantle, and to optimize the mobility of the skin. We report 21 patients who underwent SRP on a voluntary basis. All patients had either thin skin and/or revision SRP with scarring. Macroscopic fat harvested from the periumbilical or rib region was minced and purified. PRF was obtained by centrifugation of autologous whole blood samples and mixed with the fat to form a graft, which was then transferred to the nasal dorsum. Postoperative monitoring of graft survival included sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the nose. The harvested adipose tissue was also analyzed in vitro. In the postoperative follow-up after 1 year, survival of the adipose tissue was demonstrated in all patients by both sonography and MRI. The in vitro analysis showed interindividual differences in the quantity, size, and quality of the transplanted adipocytes. Camouflage of the nasal bridge by using adipose tissue was beneficial for the quality of the skin soft tissue mantle and hence represents a good alternative to known methods. Future aims include the ability to assess the quality of adipose tissue to be transplanted based on clinical parameters. Level of evidence: N/A.
Tandem supported, high metal-loading, non-PGM electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Matsuura Jonathan , Sheelam Anjaiah , Zhang Yingjie
Published: April 2024

Developing non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a critical effort toward low-cost fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Such catalysts require a uniform dispersion of metal atoms on a solid support, typically consisting of nitrogen doped carbon. However, the synthesis of non-PGM electrocatalysts is often complex, and metal loadings are typically below 10 wt. %, limiting the number of active sites and, therefore, the catalytic activity. In this work, we overcome these limits by synthesizing tandem supported, copper loaded electrocatalysts. Through one-pot pyrolysis, we make carbon black/Cu-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) core–shell structures to optimize the trade-off between conductivity and metal-loading capacity and achieve a Cu loading larger than 20 wt. %. By controlling the pyrolysis temperature, we systematically modulate the catalyst composition, structure, electrocatalytic activity, and stability. At a low pyrolysis temperature of only 600 °C, we achieve an onset potential of 0.90 V and a half-wave potential of 0.81 V vs RHE for alkaline ORR and negligible current loss after 10 000 potential cycles. These results demonstrate an effective approach to realize non-PGM electrocatalysts with optimum metal-loading, activity, and stability, thus unlocking their potential for real-world applications.
Performance analysis of a modified Allam cycle combined with an improved LNG cold energy utilization method
Authors: Wu Yi , Wang Zheng , Liu Yafei , Guo Qinghe , Wen Zhangquan , Chen Dan , Gong Kaigang , Zhu Peiwang , Xiao Gang
Published: April 2024

The Allam cycle is a promising power cycle that could achieve 100% carbon capture as well as high efficiency. In order to further enhance system operating performance, here we propose a modified Allam cycle with an improved liquified natural gas (LNG) cold energy utilization method. The flow rate fluctuation of LNG is suppressed by variable speed adjustment of the air compressor, and the cold energy of LNG is transferred to liquid oxygen, which could implement a stable cold energy supply. The whole process is modeled including air separation unit and LNG supply path. Furthermore, the system thermodynamic and economic performance is evaluated through parametric analysis, and the proposed system superiority is highlighted by comparing with conventional Allam-LNG cycle. The results indicate that the system could achieve 70.93% of net thermal efficiency, 65.17% of electrical efficiency, and $403.63 million of net present value, which performs 5.76% and 6.48% enhancement of efficiency and 11% improvement of economic revenue. Moreover, the system off-design operation is assessed; 87% to 100% of compressor speed adjustment range is determined that could cope with −13% to 9% of LNG flow rate fluctuation.
CCR3-dependent eosinophil recruitment is regulated by sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV
Authors: Immler Roland , Nussbaumer Katrin , Doerner Axel , El Bounkari Omar , Huber Silke , Abisch Janine , Napoli Matteo , Schmidt Sarah , Margraf Andreas , Pruenster Monika , Rohwedder Ina , Lange-Sperandio Baerbel , Mall Marcus A. , de Jong Renske , Ohnmacht Caspar , Bernhagen Juergen , Voehringer David , Marth Jamey D. , Frommhold David , Sperandio Markus
Published: April 2024

Eosinophil recruitment is a pathological hallmark of many allergic and helminthic diseases. Here, we investigated chemokine receptor CCR3-induced eosinophil recruitment in sialyltransferase

St3gal4
−/−

mice. We found a marked decrease in eosinophil extravasation into CCL11-stimulated cremaster muscles and into the inflamed peritoneal cavity of

St3gal4
−/−

mice. Ex vivo flow chamber assays uncovered reduced adhesion of
St3gal4
−/−
compared to wild type eosinophils. Using flow cytometry, we show reduced binding of CCL11 to

St3gal4
−/−

eosinophils. Further, we noted reduced binding of CCL11 to its chemokine receptor CCR3 isolated from
St3gal4
−/−
eosinophils. This was accompanied by almost absent CCR3 internalization of CCL11-stimulated
St3gal4
−/−
eosinophils. Applying an ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease model, we found a dramatic reduction in eosinophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid following intratracheal challenge with ovalbumin in
St3gal4
-deficient mice. Finally, we also investigated tissue-resident eosinophils under homeostatic conditions and found reduced resident eosinophil numbers in the thymus and adipose tissue in the absence of ST3Gal-IV. Taken together, our results demonstrate an important role of ST3Gal-IV in CCR3-induced eosinophil recruitment in vivo rendering this enzyme an attractive target in reducing unwanted eosinophil infiltration in various disorders including allergic diseases.
Myospreader improves gene editing in skeletal muscle by myonuclear propagation
Authors: Poukalov Kiril K. , Valero M. Carmen , Muscato Derek R. , Adams Leanne M. , Chun Heejae , Lee Young il , Andrade Nadja S. , Zeier Zane , Sweeney H. Lee , Wang Eric T.
Published: April 2024

Successful CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing in skeletal muscle is dependent on efficient propagation of Cas9 to all myonuclei in the myofiber. However, nuclear-targeted gene therapy cargos are strongly restricted to their myonuclear domain of origin. By screening nuclear localization signals and nuclear export signals, we identify “Myospreader,” a combination of short peptide sequences that promotes myonuclear propagation. Appending Myospreader to Cas9 enhances protein stability and myonuclear propagation in myoblasts and myofibers. AAV-delivered Myospreader dCas9 better inhibits transcription of toxic RNA in a myotonic dystrophy mouse model. Furthermore, Myospreader Cas9 achieves higher rates of gene editing in CRISPR reporter and Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse models. Myospreader reveals design principles relevant to all nuclear-targeted gene therapies and highlights the importance of the spatial dimension in therapeutic development.
A lexicalist approach to affixal rivalry and its explanatory
basis
Authors: Nagano Akiko
Published: April 2024

This chapter explores the phenomenon of affixal rivalry, namely, the competition between
synonymous affixes, using comparative data and the lexical semantic
framework (LSF), which is a lexicalist theory in the
generativist tradition. The LSF’s major goal is to explain
derivational polysemy, and it uses the conceptual tools of (i)
feature, (ii) underspecification, and (iii) merge and coindexation
to address this issue. Crucially, these tools are indispensable to
explaining why languages often have more than one derivational affix
for one derivational function, as we demonstrate using paradigms of
nominalization and adjectivization in English and Japanese. We
interpret the observation of the same mechanisms underlying
different phenomena not as a coincidence but rather as a suggestion
that derivational polysemy and affixal rivalry are in fact two sides
of the same coin, constituting a tight-knit interdependence on each
other. As a related topic, we discuss the issue of base selection
and elucidate key factors to successfully respond to the challenges
raised in language acquisition and language change.
Competition between affixation and conversion in Present-Day
English denominal verbs
Authors: Debouzie Chloé
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the competition between
conversion and affixation in forming denominal verbs (to
pixel / to
pixelate
, to
glass / to
glassify
, to
acronym / to
acronymize
) in a dataset of 588
verbs first attested since 1950 and collected from the Oxford
English Dictionary and the Corpus of
Contemporary American English. The morphophonological
analysis of the inputs reveals constraints preventing the formation
of doublets, while the semantic analysis of the outputs shows how
conversion and affixation are used for the expression of different
semantic categories, thus limiting the number of semantic
competitors. We argue that the tension between economy of expression
and transparency of meaning is resolved by each verb-forming process
specialising in distinct niches. Our analyses thus reveal some
complementary distribution between conversion and affixation: each
process tends to select different types of inputs and tends to
convey different meanings.
Dynamics of stress propagation in anharmonic crystals: MD simulations
Authors: Kozioł Zbigniew
Published: April 2024

Anharmonic inter-atomic potential

∼

|

x

|
n

, n > 1, has been used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of stress dynamics of FCC oriented crystal. The model of the chain of masses and springs is found as a convenient and accurate description of simulation results, with masses representing the crystallographic planes. The dynamics of oscillations of two planes is found analytically to be given by Euler’s beta functions, and its scaling with non-linearity parameter and amplitude of oscillations, or applied shear pressure is discussed on examples of time dependencies of displacements, velocities, and forces acting on masses (planes). The dynamics of stress penetration from the surface of the sample with multiply-planes (an anharmonic crystal) towards its interior is confirmed to be given exactly as a series of Bessel functions, when n = 2 (Schrödinger and Pater solutions). When n

≠

2 the stress dynamics (wave propagation) in bulk material remains qualitatively of the same nature as in the harmonic case. In particular, results suggest that the quasi-linear relationship between frequency and the wave number is preserved. The speed of the transverse sound component, dependent on sound wave amplitude, is found to be a strongly decreasing function of n. The results are useful in the analysis of any MD simulations under pressure, as they help to understand the dynamics of pressure retarded effects, as well as help design the proper methodology of performing MD simulations in cases such as, for instance, studies of the dynamics of dislocations.
On the Garden of Eden theorem for non-uniform cellular automata
Authors: Phung Xuan Kien
Published: April 2024

We establish several extensions of the well-known Garden of Eden theorem for non-uniform cellular automata (CA) over the full shifts and over amenable group universes. In particular, our results describe quantitatively the relations between the partial pre-injectivity and the size of the image of a non-uniform CA. A strengthened surjunctivity result is also obtained for multi-dimensional CA over strongly irreducible subshifts of finite type.