bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust Model-Free Control for Robot Manipulator under Actuator Dynamics
Authors: Elleuch Dorsaf , Damak Tarak
Published: August 2020

An intelligent proportional-derivative sliding mode controller (i-PDSMC) is presented to overcome the unmodeled complexity of the robot manipulator under an actuator. i-PDSMC is a free model intelligent control based on the ultralocal, sliding mode, and PD control structure. A stability condition is determined by the Lyapunov theory. A comparative study between a classical PD, an intelligent PD control, and i-PDSMC is done through a robot manipulator under actuators. The simulation results prove that the proposed controller is more robust to trajectory tracking under parameter variations and external disturbances.
Virtual Machine Consolidation with Minimization of Migration Thrashing for Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Liu Xialin , Wu Junsheng , Sha Gang , Liu Shuqin
Published: August 2020

Cloud data centers consume huge amount of electrical energy bringing about in high operating costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Virtual machine (VM) consolidation utilizes live migration of virtual machines (VMs) to transfer a VM among physical servers in order to improve the utilization of resources and energy efficiency in cloud data centers. Most of the current VM consolidation approaches tend to aggressive-migrate for some types of applications such as large capacity application such as speech recognition, image processing, and decision support systems. These approaches generate a high migration thrashing because VMs are consolidated to servers according to VM’s instant resource usage without considering their overall and long-term utilization. The proposed approach, dynamic consolidation with minimization of migration thrashing (DCMMT) which prioritizes VM with high capacity, significantly reduces migration thrashing and the number of migrations to ensure service-level agreement (SLA) since it keeps VMs likely to suffer from migration thrashing in the same physical servers instead of migrating. We have performed experiments using real workload traces compared to existing aggressive-migration-based solutions; through simulations, we show that our approach improves migration thrashing metric by about 28%, number of migrations metric by about 21%, and SLAV metric by about 19%.
Common Protective Strategies in Neurodegenerative Disease: Focusing on Risk Factors to Target the Cellular Redox System
Authors: Hrelia Patrizia , Sita Giulia , Ziche Marina , Ristori Emma , Marino Angela , Cordaro Marika , Molteni Raffaella , Spero Vittoria , Malaguti Marco , Morroni Fabiana , Hrelia Silvana
Published: August 2020

Neurodegenerative disease is an umbrella term for different conditions which primarily affect the neurons in the human brain. In the last century, significant research has been focused on mechanisms and risk factors relevant to the multifaceted etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, neurodegenerative diseases are incurable, and the treatments available only control the symptoms or delay the progression of the disease. This review is aimed at characterizing the complex network of molecular mechanisms underpinning acute and chronic neurodegeneration, focusing on the disturbance in redox homeostasis, as a common mechanism behind five pivotal risk factors: aging, oxidative stress, inflammation, glycation, and vascular injury. Considering the complex multifactorial nature of neurodegenerative diseases, a preventive strategy able to simultaneously target multiple risk factors and disease mechanisms at an early stage is most likely to be effective to slow/halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Removal of Mercury from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Its Sulfur Tolerance Characteristics by Mn, Ce Modified γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: He Zhong , Xie Yating , Wang Yuan , Xu Jingjie , Hu Jiangjun
Published: August 2020

Mercury pollution in the atmospheric environment is a matter of international concern. Mercury in coal-fired flue gas is the first human mercury emission source and has become the focus of national mercury pollution control. The catalytic performance of zerovalent mercury (Hg0) in coal-fired flue gas was studied by using manganese-cerium-aluminum oxide as catalyst. The effects of metal loading ratio, reaction temperature, calcination temperature, and O2 and SO2 concentration on the efficiency of Hg0 catalytic removal were investigated, and the Mn-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalysts before and after the reaction were characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, and XPS to analyze the physicochemical properties of the samples. The results show that the mercury removal efficiency of the composite catalyst with Mn, Ce, and Al as the active component is higher than that of the single metal catalyst. The catalytic activity of Mn0.1Ce0.02Al is the best, the optimum reaction temperature is 150°C, the optimum calcination temperature is 400°C, and the O2 concentration in the conventional flue gas condition satisfies the effective oxidation of Hg0; SO2 in the flue gas can seriously inhibit the oxidation of Hg0.
Digestive Enzyme Inhibition of Different Phenolic Fractions and Main Phenolic Compounds of Ultra-High-Pressure-Treated Palm Fruits: Interaction and Molecular Docking Analyses
Authors: Zhou Qingfeng , Zhou Jiexin , Liu Xiaojing , Zhang Yan-Bing , Cai Shengbao
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of different phenolic extracts from non- and ultra-high-pressure- (UHP-) treated palm fruits and their main phenolic compounds against pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase and to further analyze the interaction and inhibitory mechanisms of two main phenolics (caffeic acid and catechin). Results showed that the free, esterified, and insoluble-bound phenolic fractions from the non- and UHP-treated fruits demonstrated good inhibitory effects towards two enzymes. The insoluble-bound phenolic fraction, regardless of UHP treatment, presented the strongest inhibitory capacities, and UHP treatment significantly upgraded the inhibitory effects of these phenolic fractions (lipase IC50 : 78.01 vs. 72.50 μg/mL; α-glucosidase IC50 : 76.42 vs. 64.51 μg/mL). Catechin and caffeic acid, main phenolic compounds detected in all phenolic fractions of the fruits, showed similar efficiencies on inhibiting the two enzymes, which were consistent with the findings observed by molecular docking analysis. Moreover, these two phenolic compounds exhibited a synergy effect on inhibiting pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase at a relatively high combination concentration with the ratio of 1 : 1. Therefore, the present work may be helpful for further application of palm fruits as food supplements or nutraceuticals to control energy intake to improving some chronic metabolic diseases.
Enhancing the Activity and Stability of CuO/OMS-2 Catalyst for CO Oxidation at Low Temperature by Modification with Metal Oxides
Authors: Nguyen Nhat Huy , Nguyen Thi Bich Thao , Nguyen Le Thao Giang , Nguyen Thi Quynh Anh , Phan Phuoc Toan , Bach Long Giang , Nguyen Trung Thanh
Published: August 2020

In this study, mixed oxides of Mn-Cu and Fe-Cu on OMS-2 support having an octahedral structure were synthesized by the refluxing and impregnation methods. The characteristics of the materials were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and H2-TPR. In the CO oxidation test, CuFeOx/OMS-2 had slightly higher catalytic activity but is significantly more stable than CuMnOx/OMS-2 and CuO/OMS-2. Due to its lower reduction temperature in H2-TPR analysis, the Mars-Van-Krevelen mechanism for CuFeOx/OMS-2 (Cu2+–O–Fe3+ ↔ Cu+–□–Fe2+) could take place more energetically than CuO/OMS-2 and CuMnOx/OMS-2 (Cu2+–O2−–Mn4+ ↔ Cu+–□–Mn3+). In addition, the interaction between Fe and Cu in the catalyst could improve the durability of the surface oxides structure in comparison with that between Mn and Cu. With the high specific rate and TOF of 28.6 mmol/h.g and 0.508, respectively, CuFeOx/OMS-2 has a great potential as an effective catalyst for low-temperature oxidation application in CO and possible VOCs removal.
Repair of Proximal Hamstring Tear Utilizing a Suture Bridge Knotless Construct
Authors: Sanderson Brent , Stumetz Kyle , Jazayeri Reza
Published: August 2020

Proximal hamstring tendon injuries occur frequently in the athletic population resulting in varying degrees of functional disability depending on severity of injury. The purpose of our case vignette is to describe a surgical technique and clinical outcome for open proximal hamstring tendon repair with a confirmed biomechanically sound construct. We also describe and summarize the current literature recommendations for proximal hamstring injuries. We present a case and surgical technique report on a 27-year-old male who suffered a proximal hamstring tendon rupture. Utilizing a double row all-knotless suture bridge construct with a total of four anchors and six suture limbs allowed for anatomic footprint coverage and strength. Two years of clinical follow-up was obtained evaluating hip and knee range of motion, strength, and functional ability. Our patient underwent uncomplicated open surgical repair and returned to all activity at four months following surgery. Range of motion and strength returned to preoperative levels at the four-month postoperative mark. The use of a reproducible double row all-knotless suture bridge technique provided adequate strength and stability in the setting of a proximal hamstring tendon rupture. Open and endoscopic surgical techniques performed acutely both show positive postoperative subjective outcomes as well as a high likelihood of returning to sport. Controversy remains present in regard to the repair technique as well as postoperative bracing and physical therapy recommendations.
A Multifault Diagnosis Method of Gear Box Running on Edge Equipment
Authors: Zhao Xiao-ping , Zhang Yong-hong , Shao Fan
Published: August 2020

In recent years, a large number of edge computing devices have been used to monitor the operating state of industrial equipment and perform fault diagnosis analysis. Therefore, the fault diagnosis algorithm in the edge computing device is particularly important. With the increase in the number of device detection points and the sampling frequency, mechanical health monitoring has entered the era of big data. Edge computing can process and analyze data in real time or faster, making data processing closer to the source, rather than the external data center or cloud, which can shorten the delay time. After using 8 bits and 16 bits to quantify the deep measurement learning model, there is no obvious loss of accuracy compared with the original floating-point model, which shows that the model can be deployed and reasoned on the edge device, while ensuring real time. Compared with using servers for deployment, using edge devices not only reduces costs but also makes deployment more flexible.
Analysis of the Impact of Interest Rate Liberalization on Financial Services Management in Chinese Commercial Banks
Authors: Meng Tian , Sun Mengnan , Zhao Yixuan , Zhu Bo
Published: August 2020

With the advancement of China's interest rate marketization reform, commercial banks' net interest margin has narrowed. This paper selects 16 representative listed banks as the research object and conducts an empirical analysis from the two dimensions: profit level and profit structure. The study finds that the marketization of interest rates promoted the narrowing of net interest margins caused by the narrowing of net interest margins, and the profitability of commercial banks was suppressed. The narrowing of net interest spreads forced commercial banks to actively expand their intermediate business activities and adjust business structure correspondingly. The narrowing of net interest spreads has different impacts on the profitability of commercial banks of different sizes.
Effect of Marginal Designs on Fracture Strength of High Translucency Monolithic Zirconia Crowns
Authors: Juntavee Niwut , Kornrum Sasiprapa
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Monolithic zirconia is able to achieve certain aesthetic, but its durability in resisting fracture has been questioned, as fractures often originate from margins of restoration. This study determined fracture resistance of highly translucent monolithic zirconia crowns with different margin designs in terms of marginal thickness and collar height.Materials and Methods. Zirconia blanks (Ceramill® Zolid HT+) were selected for the fabrication of zirconia crowns according to different designs, including varying margin thicknesses (light chamfer, CL; heavy chamfer, CH) and collar heights (no collar, NC; low collar, LC; high collar, HC), which resulted in CLNC, CLLC, CLHC, CHNC, CHLC, and CHHCgroups (15 crowns each). The crowns were seated on a metal die and loaded vertically through round end punch (θ = 10 mm), contacting with inclined planes of cusp in a testing machine with crosshead speed of 0.2 mm/min until fracture. Videos with a rate of 50 frames/second were used to record fracture. Fracture load (N) and durable period (s) were compared for significant differences using ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α = 0.05).Results. The mean ± sd of fracture load (N) and durable time (s) were 3211 ± 778 and 212 ± 47 for CLNC; 3041 ± 1370 and 188 ± 53 for CLLC; 2913 ± 828 and 192 ± 27 for CLHC; 4226 ± 905 and 245 ± 35 for CHNC; 4486 ± 807 and 228 ± 29 for CHLC; and 4376 ± 1043 and 227 ± 37 for CHHC. This indicated that marginal thickness had a significant influence on load-bearing capacity and durable time (p<0.05). No significant impact of collar height was shown, either on load-bearing capacity or durable time (p>0.05). No interaction between two factors was presented (p>0.05).Conclusions. Heavy chamfer margin provided stronger zirconia crown than light chamfer, but both were capable of withstanding fracture load higher than maximum masticatory force. Neither presence nor absence of collar indicated any impact on strength. Fabrication of zirconia crowns with either heavy or light chamfer margin and either presence or absence of collar, with the consideration of emergence profile, should be considered.
Analysis of Selected Body Composition Parameters and Ergonomic Safety among Professionally Active Nurses in Poland: A Preliminary Prospective Monocentric and Observational Study
Authors: Kołcz Anna , Baran Martyna , Walewicz Karolina , Paprocka-Borowicz Małgorzata , Rosińczuk Joanna
Published: August 2020

Nurses consist of an occupational group that is particularly exposed to harmful work‐related factors such as prolonged working hours, severe stress, fatigue, and excessive strain on the musculoskeletal system. According to nurses, the limitation of the application of ergonomic principles of work may contribute to the occurrence of numerous dangerous behaviors, improper eating habits, or deficiency of systematic physical activity. The most common consequences are nutritional disorders and musculoskeletal system dysfunctions. This prospective observational study was aimed at evaluating selected parameters of the body composition of professionally active nurses and at determining work‐related risks during nursing activities. The study group consisted of 37 active nurses (38.38 ± 11.33 years). The research tool was a device for bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). A questionnaire designed by the authors was also implemented, which covered ergonomic principles, musculoskeletal injuries, and nutritional habits. In the present study, it was shown that all average values of the tested nurses’ body composition parameters were within the normal range. The majority of respondents (97.3%) reached a high level of body water. A statistically significant correlation was found between the knowledge of the workplace ergonomic principles and body mass index. In conclusion, musculoskeletal pain and lack of implementation of ergonomic behaviors are a significant problem among nurses, which may be the cause of overweight or obesity in this occupational group.
Class 3 Obesity in a Multidisciplinary Metabolic Weight Management Program: The Effect of Preexisting Type 2 Diabetes on 6-Month Weight Loss
Authors: Medveczky David M. , Kodsi Raymond , Skelsey Kathryn , Grudzinskas Kathy , Bueno Flavia , Ho Vincent , Kormas Nic , Piya Milan K.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Class 3 obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m2) is a growing health problem worldwide associated with considerable comorbidity including Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The multidisciplinary medical management of obesity can be difficult in T2DM due to potential weight gain from medications including sulphonylureas and insulin. However, newer weight-neutral/losing diabetes medications can aid additional weight loss. The aim of this study was to compare weight loss outcomes of patients with and without T2DM, and in patients with T2DM, to compare diabetes outcomes and change in medications at 6 months.Methods. All patients entering a multidisciplinary weight management metabolic program in a publicly funded hospital clinic in Sydney between March 2018 and March 2019, withBMI≥40 kg/m2and aged ≥18 years were included. Data was collected from patient clinical and electronic notes at baseline and 6 months.Results. Of the 180 patients who entered the program, 53.3% had T2DM at baseline. There was no difference in percentage weight loss in those with or without T2DM (4.2±4.9%vs.3.6±4.7%,p=0.35). Additionally, T2DM patients benefited from a 0.47% reduction in HbA1c (p<0.01) and a reduction in the number of medications from baseline to 6 months (1.8±1.0/patient vs.1.0±1.2/patient,p<0.001). T2DM patients who started on weigh-neutral/losing medications in the program lost more weight than those started on weight-gaining medications (7.7±5.3%vs.2.4±3.8%,p=0.015).Conclusions. Patients with class 3 obesity had significant weight loss at 6 months in this program. Patients with T2DM at baseline had comparable weight loss at 6 months, a significant improvement in glycaemic control, and a reduction in diabetes medication load. Additionally, patients with T2DM who were started on weight-neutral/losing medications lost significantly more weight than those started on weight-gaining medications, and these medications should be preferentially used in class 3 obesity and comorbid T2DM.
Predicting Gram‐Positive Bacterial Protein Subcellular Location by Using Combined Features
Authors: Li Feng-Min , Gao Xiao-Wei
Published: August 2020

There are a lot of bacteria in the environment, and Gram‐positive bacteria are the most common ones. Some Gram‐positive bacteria are very harmful to the human body, so it is significant to predict Gram‐positive bacterial protein subcellular location. And identification of Gram‐positive bacterial protein subcellular location is important for developing effective drugs. In this paper, a new Gram‐positive bacterial protein subcellular location dataset was established. The amino acid composition, the gene ontology annotation information, the hydropathy dipeptide composition information, the amino acid dipeptide composition information, and the autocovariance average chemical shift information were selected as characteristic parameters, then these parameters were combined. The locations of Gram‐positive bacterial proteins were predicted by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, and the overall accuracy (OA) reached 86.1% under the Jackknife test. The overall accuracy (OA) in our predictive model was higher than those in existing methods. This improved method may be helpful for protein function prediction.
Endothelin-1–Mediated Drug Resistance in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Pulido Inés , Ollosi Stephen , Aparisi Salvador , Becker Jeffrey H. , Aliena-Valero Alicia , Benet Marta , Rodríguez María L. , López Adrián , Tamayo-Torres Eva , Chuliá-Peris Lourdes , García-Cañaveras Juan Carlos , Soucheray Margaret , Dalheim Annika V. , Salom Juan B. , Qiu Wei , Kaja Simon , Fernández-Coronado Javier Alcácer , Alandes Sandra , Alcácer Javier , Al-Shahrour Fátima , Borgia Jeffrey A. , Juan Oscar , Nishimura Michael I. , Lahoz Agustín , Carretero Julián , Shimamura Takeshi
Published: August 2020

Progression on therapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is often evaluated radiographically, however, image-based evaluation of said therapies may not distinguish disease progression due to intrinsic tumor drug resistance or inefficient tumor penetration of the drugs. Here we report that the inhibition of mutated EGFR promotes the secretion of a potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (EDN1), which continues to increase as the cells become resistant with a mesenchymal phenotype. As EDN1 and its receptor (EDNR) is linked to cancer progression, EDNR-antagonists have been evaluated in several clinical trials with disappointing results. These trials were based on a hypothesis that the EDN1-EDNR axis activates the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway that is vital to the cancer cell survival; the trials were not designed to evaluate the impact of tumor-derived EDN1 in modifying tumor microenvironment or contributing to drug resistance. Ectopic overexpression of EDN1 in cells with mutated EGFR resulted in poor drug delivery and retarded growth in vivo but not in vitro. Intratumoral injection of recombinant EDN significantly reduced blood flow and subsequent gefitinib accumulation in xenografted EGFR-mutant tumors. Furthermore, depletion of EDN1 or the use of endothelin receptor inhibitors bosentan and ambrisentan improved drug penetration into tumors and restored blood flow in tumor-associated vasculature. Correlatively, these results describe a simplistic endogenous yet previously unrealized resistance mechanism inherent to a subset of EGFR-mutant NSCLC to attenuate tyrosine kinase inhibitor delivery to the tumors by limiting drug-carrying blood flow and the drug concentration in tumors.

Significance:

EDNR antagonists can be repurposed to improve drug delivery in VEGFA–secreting tumors, which normally respond to TKI treatment by secreting EDN1, promoting vasoconstriction, and limiting blood and drug delivery.
High Tumor Mutational Burden Correlates with Longer Survival in Immunotherapy-Naïve Patients with Diverse Cancers
Authors: Riviere Paul , Goodman Aaron M. , Okamura Ryosuke , Barkauskas Donald A. , Whitchurch Theresa J. , Lee Suzanna , Khalid Noor , Collier Rachel , Mareboina Manvita , Frampton Garrett M. , Fabrizio David , Sharabi Andrew B. , Kato Shumei , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: August 2020

Higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) has been correlated with response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. However, it is unclear whether TMB independently serves as a prognostic biomarker for outcomes in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Here, we evaluated the relationship between TMB and overall survival in 1,415 immunotherapy-naïve patients with diverse advanced malignancies. TMB was studied both as a tiered variable (low ≤5 mutations/Mb, intermediate >5 and <20, high ≥20 and <50, and very high ≥50) and as a continuous variable. Interestingly, we observed a parabolic correlation between TMB and overall survival, in which intermediate-range TMB correlated with decreased survival, whereas low and very high TMB correlated with improved outcomes (median survival: 238, 174, 195, and 350 weeks for low, intermediate, high, and very high TMB, respectively; multivariate P < 0.01). This corresponded to an HR of 1.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.54; P < 0.01) for intermediate-range TMB on multivariable survival analysis correcting for known confounders, including primary tumor of origin. These results demonstrate that TMB may have utility as a prognostic biomarker in immunotherapy-naïve patients, with a protective effect at higher TMBs, and that studies of survival in immunotherapy-treated patients may need to stratify or randomize by TMB in a nonlinear fashion to account for this confounding.
Gender Inequalities in Academic Achievement among Internally Displaced children in Colombia
Authors: Silva-Arias Adriana Carolina , Sarmiento-Espinel Jaime Andrés , González-Cogollos Laura Victoria
Published: August 2020

Using 2015 data of the Colombia Demographic and Health Survey, we investigated the incidence of belonging to a household with an Internally Displaced Person (IDP) on the likelihood of grade retention by sex. Particularly, a bivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlation between families with IDP and children’s gender on the probability of repeating a school year. Boys’ were negatively affected when they live in an IDP household. Also, boys had a higher likelihood of repeating a grade. We need to know how to act upon the social determinants that create social gaps and disadvantages across IDP, but also, to align with Sustainable Development Goals to eliminate gender inequalities.
Ações coletivas de mães em luto da Zona Leste de São Paulo
Authors: Calado Maria Da Glória
Published: August 2020

O trabalho tem o objetivo de verificar o papel da rede social digital Facebook  na ressignificação do luto de mães que perderam seus filhos - em sua maioria, jovens - em decorrência de homicídios em regiões periféricas da Zona Leste de São Paulo (SP). Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo (KRIPPENDORF, 1990) em publicações feitas entre 03 de maio de 2016 e 20 de outubro de 2018 da página “Mães em Luto da Zona Leste”, no Facebook, criada por integrantes de um movimento social de mesmo nome. O levantamento revelou que a rede social é usada para compartilhar angústias, dores e indignações face à violência do Estado. Infere-se que as publicações contribuem para humanizar as mortes, mobilizar outras pessoas na luta e construir reivindicações pela garantia dos direitos humanos.
Educação ambiental e patrimonial
Authors: Costa Maurício José Morasi , Duailibe Rafael De Oliveira , Cutrim Kláutenys Dellene Guedes , Feitosa Antonio Cordeiro
Published: August 2020

Estudo acerca das perspectivas e contribuições do diálogo entre educação patrimonial e educação ambiental para a preservação do patrimônio natural e o desenvolvimento da área Itaqui-Bacanga em São Luís do Maranhão. Aborda o patrimônio natural e a educação ambiental a partir de breve contextualização histórica e conceituação. Disserta sobre patrimônio cultural e educação patrimonial para esclarecer a relação que tais categorias estabelecem com a educação ambiental. Discute a relação necessária entre educação patrimonial, ambiental e patrimônio natural, bem como as contribuições desse diálogo para a preservação do patrimônio ambiental da área Itaqui-Bacanga. Caracteriza a área e, em seguida, aponta as perspectivas e estratégias de educação ambiental e patrimonial para preservação do patrimônio natural na região. Reforça que trabalhar a educação patrimonial e ambiental na área Itaqui-Bacanga deve ser algo conjunto, com vistas à preservação dos patrimônios culturais e naturais.
Viés de confirmação na tomada de decisão gerencial: um estudo experimental com gestores e contadores
Authors: Costa Daniel Fonseca , Carvalho Francisval de Melo , Moreira Bruno César de Melo , Silva Washington Santos
Published: August 2020

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a presença do viés de confirmação em gestores e contadores em um processo de tomada de decisão gerencial, bem como analisar se a forma com que as informações econômico-financeiras são apresentadas influencia o viés de confirmação desses indivíduos em suas decisões. Para atender ao objetivo da pesquisa, utilizou-se a metodologia experimental, aplicada a uma amostra de 86 contadores, 68 gestores e de 118 pessoas com atividades diversas (grupo controle). Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos gestores e dos contadores apresentaram viés de confirmação em processos de tomada de decisões gerenciais, que os fatores tipo (positiva ou negativa) e nível (simples ou complexa) não influenciam o viés de confirmação na tomada da decisão gerencial e que a informação negativa pode atenuar o viés de confirmação na escolha da informação mais importante.
Bela, recatada e do bar
Authors: Sarmento Rayza , Chagas Viktor
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, a partir da observação das reações nos sites de redes sociais à reportagem publicada pela Veja, em 18 de abril de 2016, intitulada “Bela, recatada e do lar”, interessa-nos compreender como as internautas operacionalizaram crítica ironizando os adjetivos empregados para qualificar Marcela Temer. As cenas discursivas, construídas pelas mulheres que acionam a tríade de palavras da manchete, mobilizam questões caras ao feminismo, como o debate sobre a relação público/ privado e horizontes em que a autonomia e autodeterminação das mulheres se constroem. Para testar essa hipótese, foram coletadas e analisadas imagens publicadas no Tumblr.
Respostas das geleiras do Monte Melimoyu, Chile, às tendências mais secas e quentes da Patagônia Norte nas últimas décadas
Authors: Idalino Filipe Daros , Rosa Kátia Kellem da , Simões Jefferson Cardia
Published: August 2020

Neste trabalho foram investigadas variações de área nas geleiras no Monte Melimoyu (44ºS, 72ºO) no período de 1970-2017, e as possíveis relações com a variabilidade climática entre 1950 e 2017. Dados ópticos do Sentinel-2A, de elevação do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) ASTER-GDEM v.2, e de área das geleiras do inventário GLIMS foram utilizados na análise em SIG. As séries temporais de precipitação do Explorador Climático - Chile, e dados de reanálise de temperatura da universidade de Delaware foram utilizados para a análise climática. A área das geleiras diminuiu de 80,97 km² em 1970 para 52,14 km² em 2017, representando 35,6% de área, com destaques para a retração de geleiras no Oeste, Sudoeste, Norte e Nordeste, com perdas entre 65% e 44% de área total, e variações de elevação da linha de frente entre 74 m e 570 m. A precipitação anual média aproximada foi de 2.359 mm no período de 1950 a 2017 e mostra tendência de diminuição de aproximadamente -18 mm/ano, enquanto que os dados de temperatura mostram média anual de 9,87°C e uma tendência contínua de aumento na região, de 0,04ºC entre 1948 e 2017. Os contrastes entre as geleiras em perda de área e variação de elevação da linha de frente estão relacionados às diferenças de área e geomorfometria de cada geleira. Essas geleiras são semelhantes em tamanho, altitude e declividade do setor frontal, e as variações identificadas podem estar relacionadas às tendências mais quentes e secas para o período analisado.
A Reforma agrária como elemento base para um relevante movimento territorial em Feira de Santana-Ba
Authors: Souza José Roberto Silva de , Lima José Raimundo de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho pretende analisar a situação sócio jurídica das famílias acampadas em uma fazenda pertencente ao Estado da Bahia. A propriedade era utilizada por uma empresa pública conhecida pelo nome de Empresa Baiana de Desenvolvimento Rural – EBDA, como uma estação experimental, para desenvolvimento de assistência técnica, pesquisa e extensão agrícola. Utilizamos para observação o estudo de legislação, bem como, documentos que estão diretamente relacionados com a propriedade. Buscaremos dados na titulação da propriedade, informações na legislação urbana de Feira de Santana e, no plano diretor do município, enriquecendo o texto com elementos importantes da realidade feirense, principalmente no que se refere a localização. Trata-se de uma área de terra onde está localizado um acampamento do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra – MST, essas pessoas reivindicam o assentamento delas sobre a área. Por ser terra pública, transformar a fazenda em assentamento torna-se um desafio complexo, uma vez que os bens públicos se submete a leis mais rígidas. Observaremos a proposta de reforma agrária oferecida pelo MST, que propõe um programa de reforma agrária diverso do implantado pelo Estado brasileiro. Sendo a proposta uma ferramenta de uso coletivo, uma vez que não só o MST seria o único defensor da ideia proposta, mas a sociedade, levantando essa bandeira como objetivo de ver a reforma agrária ser realizada.
 
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Terra Públicas; Reforma Agrária; Assentamento
A narratividade da cantora-atriz Martha Herr em Cantos de Tim Rescala
Authors: Borém Fausto , Nogueira Ilza
Published: August 2020

Primeiro de uma série de três estudos de caso sobre a narratividade na performance da cantora-atriz Martha Herr (1952-2015), o presente trabalho analisa Cantos (1994), para voz sem acompanhamento, de Tim Rescala, recorrendo ao mAAVm (Método de Análise de Áudios e Vídeos de Música) de Fausto Borém (2016) e a conceitos da narratividade em música (ALMÉN, 2003; MAUS, 1991). Inicialmente, analisamos o binômio texto-música na partitura. Posteriormente, na condição de espectadores informados, observamos o trinômio (con)texto-som-imagem em um vídeo profissional (HERR, 2008), que fez parte do 42º Festival de Música Nova (2007, São Paulo). Finalmente, analisamos as interrelações entre composição e performance.  Observamos que Martha Herr transcende a interpretação musical stricto sensu da partitura ao planejar e construir meticulosamente um discurso narrativo hipertextual, representando distintas personagens (que incluem sua própria persona). A construção da interpretação narrativa realiza-se através de: (1) personalização de alguns motivos musicais identificáveis na peça, (2) adição de novo efeito vocal, (3) interação com objetos de cena e iluminação de palco, (4) trasladação, contração e ampliação de sua cinesfera pelo palco, e (5) criação de um contexto cênico no qual incorpora personagens. Essas contribuições resultam de um meticuloso planejamento e construção de uma performance cênica carregada de expressões faciais, gestos e significados subliminares. Assim, ela transcende o conteúdo composicional de Cantos, revelando uma peculiar habilidade de narrar e  instigar ideias vertiginosamente, fruto de imaginação, versatilidade e integração entre os estratos do (con)texto, do som e da imagem.
O cantor-ator
Authors: Guse Cristine Bello
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do artigo é estabelecer uma discussão sobre os livros norte-americanos publicados entre a segunda metade do século XX e início do século XXI sobre a atuação cênica do cantor lírico, expondo brevemente determinadas reflexões e princípios encontrados nessa literatura. As reflexões dos autores sobre aspectos da preparação e desenvolvimento cênico são organizadas em três eixos temáticos: 1) A preparação cênica e as vias de dentro para fora e de fora para dentro; 2) Desenvolvimento e uso dos recursos expressivos; e 3) Desafios inerentes à atuação cênica do cantor lírico. O conteúdo do artigo foi desenvolvido como parte da revisão da literatura realizada na pesquisa de doutorado da autora.
Rurals, The Experiment
Authors: Souza Bartira De Sena e
Published: August 2020

The Rurals Experiment was a sound intervention developed and conducted by me and it took place in the city of Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil on May 21 and 23, 2014. In this paper, I analyze the intervention as an opportunity to disrupt the established soundscape of the city and give space for fresh engagements of the population with their soundscape to temporarily occur and reflect on the reasons why this approach would particularly impact that city's reality. Making use of field recordings captured at the city's countryside, they were presented in contrast, in the commercial urban center of the city in order to instigate reflection about the quick changes their sound environment has experienced in a short period of time. Thus, I review the history of Cruz das Almas, identify some of its soundmarks I considered relevant to demonstrate the hardcore and sometimes oppressive nature of this city's sound reality which has a strong influence in this community's disposition to perceive sound and provides essential tools for engagement with the experiment.
Eu e o Outro, Dentro e Fora
Authors: Iazzetta Fernando , Donato Davi , Souza Lima Henrique , Bonafé Valéria
Published: August 2020

Texto de apresentação dos organizadores do Dossiê Sonologia, coordenado pelo Prof. Dr. Fernando Iazzetta.
Dapagliflozin and Cardiac, Kidney, and Limb Outcomes in Patients With and Without Peripheral Artery Disease in DECLARE-TIMI 58
Authors: Bonaca Marc P. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Zelniker Thomas A. , Mosenzon Ofri , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , McGuire Darren K. , Goodrich Erica L. , De Mendonca Furtado Remo Holanda , Wilding John P.H. , Cahn Avivit , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Johanson Per , Fredriksson Martin , Johansson Peter A. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Raz Itamar , Sabatine Marc S.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are at heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk for hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and kidney events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. An increased risk of amputation has been observed with canagliflozin in 1 previous trial. We examined cardiovascular and kidney efficacy and the risk of limb-related events in patients with and without PAD in an exploratory analysis.

Methods:

A total of 17 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including 1025 (6%) with PAD, were randomized. Key efficacy outcomes were MACE (cardiovascular [CV] death, myocardial infarction, stroke), CV death/HHF, and progression of kidney disease. Amputations, peripheral revascularization, and limb ischemic adverse events were site-reported and categorized by a blinded reviewer.

Results:

Patients in the placebo arm with PAD versus those without tended to have higher adjusted risk of CV death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.23 [95% CI, 0.97–1.56],
P
=0.094) and significantly higher adjusted risk of CV death/HHF (adjusted HR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.21–2.12],
P
=0.0010) and progression of kidney disease (adjusted HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.13 – 2.03],
P
=0.0058), and limb adverse events (adjusted HR, 8.37,
P
<0.001). The relative risk reductions with dapagliflozin for CV death/HHF (HR, 0.86, PAD; HR, 0.82, no-PAD;
P
-interaction=0.79) and progression of kidney disease (HR, 0.78, PAD; HR, 0.76, no-PAD;
P
-interaction=0.84) were consistent regardless of PAD. There were 560 patients who had at least 1 limb ischemic event, 454 patients with at least 1 peripheral revascularization, and 236 patients with at least 1 amputation, with a total of 407 amputations reported. Overall, there were no significant differences in any limb outcome with dapagliflozin versus placebo including limb ischemic adverse events (HR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.90–1.26]) and amputation (HR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.84–1.40]), with no significant interactions by a history of PAD versus not (
P
-interactions=0.30 and 0.093, respectively).

Conclusions:

Patients with versus without PAD are at a higher risk of CV death of CV death, HHF, and kidney outcomes, and have a consistent benefits for CV death/HHF and progression of kidney disease with dapagliflozin. Patients with PAD had a higher risk of limb events, with no consistent pattern of incremental risk observed with dapagliflozin.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01730534.
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Khan Safi U. , Singh Maninder , Valavoor Shahul , Khan Muhammad U. , Lone Ahmad N. , Khan Muhammad Zia , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Mani Preethi , Kapadia Samir R. , Michos Erin D. , Stone Gregg W. , Kalra Ankur , Bhatt Deepak L.
Published: August 2020

Background:

The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents remains uncertain. We compared short-term (<6-month) DAPT followed by aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy; midterm (6-month) DAPT; 12-month DAPT; and extended-term (>12-month) DAPT after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents.

Methods:

Twenty-four randomized, controlled trials were selected using Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, and online databases through September 2019. The coprimary end points were myocardial infarction and major bleeding, which constituted the net clinical benefit. A frequentist network meta-analysis was conducted with a random-effects model.

Results:

In 79 073 patients, at a median follow-up of 18 months, extended-term DAPT was associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction in comparison with 12-month DAPT (absolute risk difference, –3.8 incident cases per 1000 person-years; relative risk, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.54–0.87]), midterm DAPT (absolute risk difference, –4.6 incident cases per 1000 person-years; relative risk, 0.61 [0.45–0.83]), and short-term DAPT followed by aspirin monotherapy (absolute risk difference, –6.1 incident cases per 1000 person-years; relative risk, 0.55 [0.37–0.83]), or P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy (absolute risk difference, –3.7 incident cases per 1000 person-years; relative risk, 0.69 [0.51–0.95]). Conversely, extended-term DAPT was associated with a higher risk of major bleeding than all other DAPT groups. In comparison with 12-month DAPT, no significant differences in the risks of ischemic end points or major bleeding were observed with midterm or short-term DAPT followed by aspirin monotherapy, with the exception that short-term DAPT followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was associated with a reduced risk of major bleeding. There were no significant differences with respect to mortality between the different DAPT strategies. In acute coronary syndrome, extended-term in comparison with 12-month DAPT was associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction without a significant increase in the risk of major bleeding.

Conclusions:

The present network meta-analysis suggests that, in comparison with 12-month DAPT, short-term DAPT followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy reduces major bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents, whereas extended-term DAPT reduces myocardial infarction at the expense of more bleeding events.
US Mortality Attributable to Congenital Heart Disease Across the Lifespan From 1999 Through 2017 Exposes Persistent Racial/Ethnic Disparities
Authors: Lopez Keila N. , Morris Shaine A. , Sexson Tejtel S. Kristen , Espaillat Andre , Salemi Jason L.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Congenital heart disease (CHD) accounts for ≈40% of deaths in US children with birth defects. Previous US data from 1999 to 2006 demonstrated an overall decrease in CHD mortality. Our study aimed to assess current trends in US mortality related to CHD from infancy to adulthood over the past 19 years and determine differences by sex and race/ethnicity.

Methods:

We conducted an analysis of death certificates from 1999 to 2017 to calculate annual CHD mortality by age at death, race/ethnicity, and sex. Population estimates used as denominators in mortality rate calculations for infants were based on National Center for Health Statistics live birth data. Mortality rates in individuals ≥1 year of age used US Census Bureau bridged-race population estimates as denominators. We used joinpoint regression to characterize temporal trends in all-cause mortality, mortality resulting directly attributable to and related to CHD by age, race/ethnicity, and sex.

Results:

There were 47.7 million deaths with 1 in 814 deaths attributable to CHD (n=58 599). Although all-cause mortality decreased 16.4% across all ages, mortality resulting from CHD declined 39.4% overall. The mean annual decrease in CHD mortality was 2.6%, with the largest decrease for those >65 years of age. The age-adjusted mortality rate decreased from 1.37 to 0.83 per 100 000. Males had higher mortality attributable to CHD than females throughout the study, although both sexes declined at a similar rate (≈40% overall), with a 3% to 4% annual decrease between 1999 and 2009, followed by a slower annual decrease of 1.4% through 2017. Mortality resulting from CHD significantly declined among all races/ethnicities studied, although disparities in mortality persisted for non-Hispanic Blacks versus non-Hispanic Whites (mean annual decrease 2.3% versus 2.6%, respectively; age-adjusted mortality rate 1.67 to 1.05 versus 1.35 to 0.80 per 100 000, respectively).

Conclusions:

Although overall US mortality attributable to CHD has decreased over the past 19 years, disparities in mortality persist for males in comparison with females and for non-Hispanic Blacks in comparison with non-Hispanic Whites. Determining factors that contribute to these disparities such as access to quality care, timely diagnosis, and maintenance of insurance will be important moving into the next decade.
Renal Perfusion Pressure Determines Infiltration of Leukocytes in the Kidney of Rats With Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension
Authors: Shimada Satoshi , Abais-Battad Justine M. , Alsheikh Ammar J. , Yang Chun , Stumpf Megan , Kurth Theresa , Mattson David L. , Cowley Allen W.
Published: August 2020

The present study examined the extent to which leukocyte infiltration into the kidneys in Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertension is determined by elevation of renal perfusion pressure (RPP). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were instrumented with carotid and femoral arterial catheters for continuous monitoring of blood pressure and a femoral venous catheter for infusion. An inflatable aortic occluder cuff placed between the renal arteries with computer-driven servo-controller maintained RPP to the left kidney at control levels during 7 days of intravenous Ang II (50 ng/kg per minute) or vehicle (saline) infusion. Rats were fed a 0.4% NaCl diet throughout the study. Ang II–infused rats exhibited nearly a 50 mm Hg increase of RPP (carotid catheter) to the right kidney while RPP to the left kidney (femoral catheter) was controlled at baseline pressure throughout the study. As determined at the end of the studies by flow cytometry, right kidneys exhibited significantly greater numbers of T cells, B cells, and monocytes/macrophages compared with the servo-controlled left kidneys and compared with vehicle treated rats. No difference was found between Ang II servo-controlled left kidneys and vehicle treated kidneys. Immunostaining found that the density of glomeruli, cortical, and outer medullary capillaries were significantly reduced in the right kidney of Ang II–infused rats compared with servo-controlled left kidney. We conclude that in this model of hypertension the elevation of RPP, not Ang II nor dietary salt, leads to leukocyte infiltration in the kidney and to capillary rarefaction.
Office and Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Changes Over a Quarter of Century
Authors: Cuspidi Cesare , Facchetti Rita , Dell’Oro Raffaella , Quarti-Trevano Fosca , Tadic Marijana , Mancia Giuseppe , Grassi Guido
Published: August 2020

Findings regarding long-terms variations in blood pressure (BP) taken in different setting (ie, office, home, and ambulatory BP) in the community are scanty. We sought to assess this issue in members of the general population enrolled in the PAMELA (Pressioni Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) study. The study included 562 participants who attended the second and third survey of the PAMELA study performed after 10 and 25 years from the initial evaluation. Data collection included medical history, anthropometric parameters, office, home, ambulatory BP, and standard blood examinations. Office, home, and 24-hour systolic BP over the 25-year interval between the first and third survey increased in a parallel way (ie, 12%, 10%, and 15.5%). The increments in office, home, and 24-hour diastolic BP were lower than the systolic BP ones (ie, 3.3%, 5.6%, and 6.1%). Thus, the combined changes in systolic BP and diastolic BP from the first to the third data collection resulted in a marked increase in pulse pressure (ie, 29%, 19%, and 30%). The prevalence of hypertension assessed at office visits and out-of-office either by self-BP measurements at home and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring increased ≈3 to 4× (3.1 office, 3.3 home, 3.9 ABPM, respectively). This trend was associated with adiposity indexes and worsening of the glucose profile. This community-based longitudinal study suggests that the progressive and marked increase in hypertension with age, consistently documented with different BP measurement methods, represents an epochal challenge for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, due to the rapid growth the elderly population worldwide.