bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF THE COLEOPTILE’S LENGTH AND SOWING DEPTH ON SPRING TRITICAL PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Мефодьев Георгий , Mefod'ev Georgiy , Шашкаров Леонид , Shashkarov Leonid , Александрова Анастасия , Aleksandrova Anastasiya , Толстова Светлана , Tolstova Svetlana
Published: May 2019

Now triticale is referred to as a crop that is able to solve the problem of stabilizing the gross yield of cultivated feed and food grains around the world. Spring triticale in the Chuvash Republic is not cultivated in a small area and breeding for this crop is not conducted. The introduction of spring triticale in production is possible only when creating varieties that meet the soil and climatic conditions of the country. This problem can be solved only by selecting and creating the initial breeding material. The source material must be studied comprehensively. One of the important indicators in the evaluation of the source material may be the length of a coleoptile. The purpose of the research is to determine the influence of the length of the coleoptile and the depth of sowing of seeds on the yield of the source material of spring triticale. Presented studies conducted in 2017-2018. The varieties Ulyana, Rovnya, Khaykar, Saur and breeding lines 15-11-2, 15-48-11, 15-65-29 were evaluated. The short coleoptile had Rovnya and 15-11-2 line, the middle coleoptile had Ulyana, Saur and 15-65-29 line, the long coleoptile Khaykar and 15-48-11 line. The longest coleoptile was in 15-48-11 line, and the shortest - in 15-11-2 line. For forms with a short coleoptile with increasing sowing depth, field germination, plant safety, number of productive stems, productive bushiness, grain weight per spike, number of grains per spike, grain yield are significantly reduced. Their maximum manifestation in forms with an average coleoptile was found at a seeding depth of 5 cm. For forms with a long coleoptile, the seeding depth does not significantly affect the value of these indicators. For all the studied parameters with an increase in the depth of sowing, their dependence on the length of the coleoptile increases. High correlation is observed in field germination, plant safety, the number of productive stems, the mass of 1000 grains and yield.
SEED PRODUCTION OF VARIETIES OF SPRING RAPE DEPENDING ON THE DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE URALS
Authors: Мокрушина Алена , Mokrushina Alena , Богатырева Анастасия , Bogatyreva Anastasiya , Акманаев Эльмарт , Akmanaev El'mart
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of two-factor field experience on the influence of mineral fertilizers on the seed productivity of spring rape varieties Ratnik and hybrid Smilla. The studies carried out in 2016-2018 on sod-mezopodzol loam soil training and research experimental fields of the Perm GATU. The positive effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their complex application with phosphorus and potassium on the yield and elements of the yield structure was noted at both sites. Each subsequent increase in the dose of nitrogen in accordance with the scheme of experience led to a significant increase in productivity. The introduction of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers increased the yield of all options in comparison with similar options without their use. The highest yield is typical for the hybrid Smilla (2.95 t/ha), for Ratnik variety the maximum yield was 2.32 t/ha. Hybrid Smilla is more responsive to the use of high doses of mineral fertilizers, its use is preferable in a high culture of agriculture. The introduction of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers has led to increased plant safety during the growing season. The maximum number of plants to be harvested was observed when applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and nitrogen in doses of 60 kg/ha.the use of complex mineral nutrition led to an increase in the number of plants to be harvested than in similar variants with the introduction of only nitrogen. Leaf diagnostics revealed that the lack of nitrogen is typical for options without fertilizers. Nitrogen application of 120 kg/ha, as well as 90 kg/ha on the phosphorus-potassium background provided a sufficient amount of nitrogen. The maximum dose of N120P60K60 led to excessive accumulation of nitrates in the plant. According to the provision of plants with phosphorus and potassium, a similar pattern was observed: when making a phosphorus-potassium background, the need for these nutrients was absent, and without the use of these fertilizers, plants had a weak need for them. Mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the number of pods and the weight of 1000 seeds. The maximum values of these indicators are noted when the largest doses of nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied.
GRANULATION OF RAW MATERIALS DURING THE DIELECTRIC HEATING PROCESS
Authors: Крайнов Юрий , Kraynov Yuriy , Коробков Алексей , Korobkov Aleksey , Белова Марьяна , Belova Maryana , Новикова Галина , Novikova Galina
Published: May 2019

The aim of the work is to develop and justify the parameters of the installation for the granulation of non-food waste of animal and vegetable origin in the process of dielectric heating. Objectives of the study: to develop microwave installations with volumetric resonators of different configurations, providing high electric field strength and continuity of the process of granulating raw materials; calculate the parameters of the electrodynamic system of the generator (electric field strength, the intrinsic Q factor of the resonator) and visualize the distribution pattern of the electromagnetic field in the resonators of different configurations. The studies were based on the dielectric heating theory and the theory of forming granules from multicomponent raw materials. The parameters of the electrodynamic system of the microwave generator were studied in the CST Microwave Studio program. The structural performance of volume resonators is analyzed from the point of view of the implementation of the requirements imposed by microwave devices and granulators intended for use in farms. Analyzed devices with a toroidal resonator and a disk matrix and with ellipsoid resonators and gear ring matrices are analyzed. The electromagnetic field distributions are visualized in the developed design versions of resonators combined with the working chamber of granulators. The values of the self-quality of the resonators and the electric field strength in them are calculated.
New Tendency of the World Economy Development
Authors: Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena
Published: May 2019

Starting from the 21st century, a new phenomenon has discovered in the world economy - a trend has emerged to form a single world closely interconnected economic system. The formation of a closely interconnected system of the world economy is due to the proliferation of new technological structures, the structures of the new post-industrial, information economy. It is confirmed by an estimate of the average values of the coefficient of correlation of the rates of economic growth of 180 countries of the modern world over ten-year periods. The link between the economic growth rates of the countries of the world began to take shape at the beginning of the XXI century, as evidenced by the increase in the correlation coefficient of the economic growth rates of the countries of the modern world to significant values. The impact of the proliferation of new technological structures, new, post-industrial, information economy structures on the formation of a closely interconnected world economy system is confirmed by the estimates of the correlation between the economic growth rates of the USA, EU, Japan, India and China.
Analysis Factors of the Development of the Tourism and Hospitality Sector in Developing Countries (the Case of Syria)
Authors: Алхаммуд М. , Alhammud M.
Published: May 2019

This article examines the importance of the hotel industry and tourism in the world and its current trends and its important role in supporting investment and gross national product, and employment in different countries. In developing countries such as Syria, despite the presence of a climate suitable for tourism and hotel investments, this potential is not used for various reasons, such as the lack of financial support for these investments or the lack of marketing and advertising tools, the lack of qualified and trained personnel in tourism, inefficient tourism development policies, and due to security concerns. The article discusses the promotion of tourism and the hotel sector in these countries, proposals to increase investment opportunities in the tourism sector and hospitality in developing countries (for example, Syria) are considered.
Actual directions and problems of logistic coordination at strategic levels of supply chain management
Authors: Абрамова Е. , Abramova E.
Published: May 2019

The proposed article shows the main directions and problems of logistical coordination in regulating the relations of supply chain participants at strategic management levels. The author considers the advantages of forming strategic partnerships and logistics alliances, shows their role in coordinating the main logistics business processes to achieve the main goal of logistics - maximum customer orientation while maintaining the quality of goods and optimizing logistics costs in supply chains.
Transferring Tacit Know-How: Do Opportunism Safeguards Matter for Firm Boundary Decisions?
Authors: Eapen Alex , Krishnan Rekha
Published: May 2019

In recent years, scholars have demonstrated that capability theories of firm boundaries are fundamentally intertwined with contractual arguments. A productive use of capability arguments, therefore, is when they are joined with contractual ones in an integrated theory of the firm. However, contractual and capability scholars have traditionally held incommensurable views on the relevance of opportunism safeguards for a theory of the firm. Sponsors of the contractual view treat opportunism safeguards as fundamental, whereas several scholars in the knowledge-based strand of the capabilities camp consider it redundant. Moreover, in several recent integrative efforts, opportunism and safeguarding against it feature as linchpin theoretical ideas. To fully integrate contractual and capability theories, therefore, there is a need to resolve this point of incommensurability. We revisit a specific problem in the international strategy literature where the opportunism debate has been significant—the transfer of tacit know-how by multinational firms—and employ moderator-effect hypotheses to test two alternative mechanisms for why tacit know-how is transferred internally. We test whether tacit know-how is transferred internally to safeguard against opportunism or, alternatively, to avail the coordination benefits of common routines within firms. Our results indicate the former and not the latter, and thereby support a cornerstone notion in recent efforts toward an integrated theory of the firm.
Secondary and Micronutrient Management Practices in Organic Farming- An Overview
Authors: Anand M. R. , Kumar H.D Shiva , Kommireddy Poojitha , Murthy K.N.Kalyana
Published: May 2019

Modern agriculture, no doubt has paved the way for “Green Revolution”, but it has led to the application of heavy doses of chemical fertilizers and pesticides with the sole objective of maximizing the yield. The unbalanced and continuous use of chemical fertilizers in intensive cropping system is causing deterioration of soil health, multi-nutrient deficiencies, low productivity, poor quality and environmental hazards. Poor quality of food and fodder has caused serious health problems and disorders in both animals and human beings. Now, the agriculture research is focused on evolving ecologically sound, biologically sustainable and socio economically viable technologies like organic farming which includes local organic sources of nutrients without using chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Adoption of organic farming minimizes the environmental pollution and maintain long-term soil fertility by improving soil organic matter and essential plant nutrients including secondary and micronutrients. For producing quality food by sustaining the soil productivity and soil health are the challenges before us on one side and minimizing the pressure on non renewable sources or limited available sources on other hand needs immediate attention by all the stakeholders engaged in agriculture. Application of technologies available in organic farming and use of all locally available organic sources particularly on farm biomass which are rich in secondary and micronutrients will meet the twin objective of quality food production and reducing the pressure on non renewable resources.
Storage stability of encapsulated anthocyanin-rich extract from black carrot (Daucus carota ssp. Sativus) using different coating materials
Authors: Bhushan Mishra Brij , Singh Patel Avinash , Kar Abhijit
Published: May 2019

The enzymatic assisted cum hydraulic pressed extract of black carrot which has high anthocyanin content were encapsulated through spray drier using a mixture of Jack fruit seed starch, Soy protein and NBRE-15 (SET -1) and in the second set of experiment using Jack fruit seed starch, Whey protein and NBRE-15 (SET-2) as coating materials. The quality attributes of the powders which were produced at an optimum mixture of SET -1 and SET-2 were characterized by anthocyanin content, antioxidant capacity and L*, a*, b*, C and Hº value. It was reported that SET-1 was found better-encapsulating material as compared to SET-2. SET-1 had higher retention of anthocyanin content, colour, antioxidant activity during storage at 25 ºC.
Assessment of the Potential of Eco-Friendly Nematicides in the Management of Root-Knot Nematodes on French Beans in Kenya
Authors: Ogumo E. O. , Muiru W. M. , Kimenju J. W. , Mukunya D. M.
Published: May 2019

Root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp) are a serious pest causing heavy economic losses in a wide range of agricultural crops. A trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of various eco-friendly nematicides in the management of RKN affecting French bean. The field trial was carried out in two seasons with the following treatments; Rigel-G (salicylic acid), Phyto Protect (Sesame oil extract), Mytech (Paecilomyces lilacinus), Neemraj 0.3% (Azadirachtin), Vydate® (Oxamyl) as a positive control and an untreated control. Various rates; Rigel –G (2.5 ml/l), Phyto Protect (10 l/ha), Mytech (125 g/ha) Neemraj 0.3% (3L/ha) and Vydate® (6 l/ha) of treatments were administered and damage on plants was assessed based on galling indices, crop biomass and yield whereas nematode reproductive potential was assessed based on the J2 counts. There was no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in the nematode population densities and galling indices observed among the eco-friendly nematicides and the conventional nematicide (Vydate®). Eco-friendly nematicides had a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction of RKN J2 population densities compared to the negative control. The negative control had the highest mean of root-knot nematode densities (240 RKN/200 cc soil) and a galling index of 3.77 while Vydate and Neemraj had the lowest mean density (40 RKN/200 cc soil) in the first season. Similar results were observed in the second season with control having the highest RKN J2 population densities (285 RKN/200 cc soil) and a galling index of 3.89 and Vydate had the lowest (23 RKN/200 cc soil). The results of this study clearly indicate that eco-friendly nematicides can be fully adopted to suppress RKN in French beans as alternatives to conventional nematicides.
A desnecessária separação entre abordagem qualitativa ou quantitativa para a pesquisa jurídica: repensando as vantagens do pluralismo metodológico para a pesquisa em Direito Processual Civil
Authors: De Andrade Mariana Dionísio , Remígio Rodrigo Ferraz de Castro
Published: May 2019

O estudo responde à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: é possível inovar a produção científica a partir da reunião entre a abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa para a pesquisa jurídica? A abordagem qualitativa é geralmente executada sem o suporte quantitativo que poderia conferir maior robustez ao estudo do Direito Processo Civil. A metodologia tem suporte em revisão bibliográfica, abordando técnicas quantitativas mais adequadas para pesquisas jurídicas. É possível concluir que o pluralismo metodológico é fundamental para a produção do conhecimento científico de alto nível, e que a ciência jurídica, apesar de tradicionalmente qualitativa, deve se adequar à inevitável tendência da pesquisa quantitativa.
Dental care in older adults
Authors: Thomas Christine
Published: May 2019

Good oral health is an essential part of ageing well. Good mouth care enables people to eat, speak and socialise without pain or embarrassment and contributes hugely to quality of life and general health. Community-dwelling older adults may find access to dental services difficult, and increasing co-morbidities can make self-care a challenge. Older adults are at increased risk of dental disease, and general health complications can make access to dental services and treatment planning difficult. Further, they may find lengthy dental procedures overwhelming. Therefore, there is a need to prevent the decline in oral health in order to maintain general health.
Perioperative comprehensive geriatric assessment: what do we need to know?
Authors: Trundle Simon , Gooneratne Mevan , Rogerson Andrew , Dhesi Jugdeep
Published: May 2019

As a consequence of an ageing population greater numbers of elderly patients are presenting for both elective and emergency surgery. These older patients typically present with an increased burden of age-related problems and multimorbidity, which is associated with an increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes. Traditional preoperative assessment models are adept at discerning patients' suitability for anaesthesia and surgery, but there is minimal focus on improving postoperative outcomes.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment is a multidisciplinary approach used both to assess existing ‘known’ pathology and to screen for previously undiagnosed issues across medical, functional, social and/or psychological domains. This diagnostic phase then leads to the development and implementation of an individualized ‘optimization’ strategy across these domains. There is emerging evidence that comprehensive geriatric assessment and optimization in the surgical setting leads to improved outcomes, and it is reasonable to conclude that it would benefit the patient's long-term health.
What's new for trauma haemorrhage management?
Authors: Vulliamy Paul , Thaventhiran Anthony J , Davenport Ross A
Published: May 2019

Uncontrolled haemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death from injury and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. The majority of deaths resulting from bleeding occur within the first 3 hours of hospital admission, and the window for meaningful intervention is therefore extremely small. Resuscitative efforts during active bleeding should focus on maintaining haemostatic function with blood product transfusion and early administration of tranexamic acid. Achieving control of haemorrhage is the overarching treatment priority and may require temporising measures before definitive surgical or radiological intervention. This review summarizes the contemporary approaches to resuscitation of bleeding trauma patients, options for achieving haemorrhage control, and current areas of active research including organ protective resuscitation and suspended animation.
Use of work-based assessments in postgraduate medical education
Authors: Alazzawi Sulaiman , Berstock James
Published: May 2019

Work-based assessments are ubiquitous in postgraduate medical training in the UK. This article discusses the variety of these assessments and explores barriers to their use and solutions for improving the educational value of these tools for adult learners. The focus should be on feedback and learning rather than assessment, and this may promote discussion of more challenging scenarios where the opportunity for learning is greater. Mobile devices may help reduce the administrative, geographical and time constraints of completing work-based assessments.
The Struggle for Rights at Work
Authors: Taylor Jeffery
Published: May 2019

For decades Canadian trade unionists have expressed frustration with the grievance arbitration system, but this tends to be limited to criticisms of the legalistic nature of the process and the costs and delays involved in getting a judgement. There is little discussion or debate about the denial of the right to strike, which is the central feature of the system. Nor is there much discussion about approaches to contract enforcement that situate legal strategies in broader political strategies to use worker power effectively, including the withdrawal of labour. This study investigates how the United Electrical Workers (ue), a left-led union, defended workers’ rights at Canadian General Electric (cge) and Westinghouse in the early years of the new legal regime. Specifically, it charts the North American origins of grievance arbitration systems, sketches the development of personnel policies in the electrical industry, surveys the ue Canadian district’s struggle to establish contractual relations and codify workplace rights at these two corporations, reconstructs the elements of ue’s approach to contract enforcement, and reviews a number of mid-contract work stoppages at cge and Westinghouse between 1946 and 1966 to determine how the union, workers, employers, and arbitrators negotiated the ban on grievance strikes as they adjusted to new legislation and new collective agreement language.

 

Pendant des décennies, les syndicalistes canadiens ont exprimé leur frustration à l’égard du système d’arbitrage des griefs, mais cela tend à se limiter aux critiques sur la nature légaliste du processus, ainsi que sur les coûts et les retards liés à l’obtention d’un jugement. Il y a peu de discussions ou de débats sur la dénégation du droit de grève, qui est la caractéristique centrale du système. Il n’y a pas non plus beaucoup de discussions sur les méthodes d’application des contrats qui situent les stratégies juridiques dans des stratégies politiques plus larges pour utiliser efficacement le pouvoir des travailleurs, y compris le retrait du travail. Cette étude examine comment le United Electrical Workers (ue), un syndicat dirigé par la gauche, a défendu les droits des travailleurs chez Canadian General Electric (cge) et Westinghouse dans les premières années du nouveau régime juridique. Plus précisément, elle retrace les origines nord-américaines des systèmes d’arbitrage des griefs, esquisse le développement des politiques du personnel dans l’industrie électrique, passe en revue les difficultés rencontrées par le district canadien de l’ue pour établir des relations contractuelles et codifier les droits du travail dans ces deux entreprises, reconstruit les éléments de l’approche de l’ue à l’exécution des contrats et examine un certain nombre d’arrêts de travail à mi-contrat chez cge et Westinghouse entre 1946 et 1966 pour déterminer comment le syndicat, les travailleurs, les employeurs et les arbitres ont négocié l’interdiction des grèves de grief à mesure qu’elles s’adaptaient à la nouvelle législation et au nouveau libellé de la convention collective.
Le travail gestionnaire comme psychopolitique au service de la transformation sociale du Québec
Authors: Pezet Anne
Published: May 2019

Cet article porte sur un type de travail trop peu étudié : le travail gestionnaire. À la suite de Braverman, nous considérons qu’il s’agit là d’un travail à part entière. Ses caractéristiques sont cependant différentes de celles du travail ouvrier. Si ce dernier relève de la biopolitique par le travail qu’il produit sur les corps, le travail gestionnaire relève d’une psychopolitique destinée à forger un nouvel individu défini par des habiletés, techniques, cognitives et surtout psychologiques. Assumant une position éducative, le journal Les Affaires publié au Québec à partir de 1928 entreprend, entre autres projets, de définir le travail gestionnaire et de produire ainsi un discours qui permet de légitimer la transformation capitaliste.

 

This article focuses on a type of work that has been studied very little: managerial work. Following Braverman, we consider it to be work in its own right. Its characteristics, however, are different from those of labour work. If the latter is biopolitics by the work it produces on the body, managerial work is psychopolitics designed to forge a new individual defined by skills, technical and cognitive, and above all psychological. Assuming an educational position, the newspaper, Les Affaires, published in Quebec from 1928, undertook, among other projects, to define managerial work, thus producing a discourse making it possible to legitimize capitalist transformation.
Settler Colonialism and Labour Studies in Canada
Authors: Camfield David
Published: May 2019

The 21st century has seen growing attention to settler colonialism among academic researchers in Canada and internationally. In the Canadian context, interest has been fuelled above all by an ongoing resurgence of Indigenous activism and intellectual work, of which the most visible expression to most non-Indigenous people was the Idle No More movement of 2012–13. To date, however, little attention has been paid to settler colonialism within labour studies, broadly understood. As a modest contribution to remedying this deficiency, this article argues for the importance of understanding Canada as a settler-colonial society, proposes a conceptualization of settler colonialism from the perspective of a historical materialism reconstructed through engagement with Indigenous anticolonial thought, and offers some preliminary reflections on integrating analysis of settler colonialism into historical and contemporary research on labour.
 
Au 21e siècle, le colonialisme des colons a attiré de plus en plus l’attention des chercheurs universitaires canadiens et internationaux. Dans le contexte canadien, l’intérêt a été alimenté principalement par une résurgence continue du travail intellectuel et du militantisme autochtones, dont l’expression la plus visible pour la plupart des peuples non autochtones était le mouvement Idle No More de 2012–2013. À ce jour, toutefois, peu d’attention a été accordée au colonialisme des colons dans le cadre d’études sur le travail, au sens large. Cet article, qui contribue modestement à remédier à cette lacune, souligne l’importance de comprendre le Canada comme société de colonisation, propose une conceptualisation du colonialisme sous l’angle du matérialisme historique reconstruit à travers la confrontation avec la pensée anticoloniale offre des réflexions préliminaires sur l’intégration de l’analyse du colonialisme des colons dans la recherche historique et contemporaine sur le travail.
The Settler Order Framework
Authors: Burrill Fred
Published: May 2019

Canadian labour and working-class history has, to a great extent, been bedevilled in its attempts to understand national trends by the cleavages of gender, region, industry, race, language, and culture. This article argues that one possible way out of this impasse lies in foregrounding the particular relationship between colonial exploitation and class exploitation in our settler colonial economy, both in terms of class formation and in the ongoing project of social reproduction. The adoption of a “settler order framework” seeks to build on important recent works attempting to understand Indigenous peoples’ participation in the ranks of those who toil, struggle, and dream of freedom from capitalism, by integrating the fundamental reality of settler workers’ ongoing theft of Indigenous land and resources into the story of the Canadian working class.

 

Au Canada, l’histoire du travail et de la classe ouvrière a été entravée, dans une large mesure, dans ses tentatives pour comprendre les tendances nationales, par les clivages liés au sexe, à la région, à l’industrie, à la race, à la langue et à la culture. Cet article soutient qu’une solution possible pour sortir de cette impasse consiste à mettre en évidence la relation particulière entre l’exploitation coloniale et l’exploitation de classe dans notre économie coloniale, à la fois en termes de formation de classe et dans le projet permanent de reproduction sociale. L’adoption d’un « cadre réglementaire pour les colons » s’appuie sur d’importants travaux récents qui tentent de comprendre la participation des peuples autochtones dans les rangs de ceux qui peinent, luttent et rêvent de se libérer du capitalisme, en intégrant la réalité fondamentale du vol de terres et de ressources autochtones par les travailleurs colons dans l’histoire de la classe ouvrière canadienne.
Sales Force Structure: A Review
Authors: Husain Shabbir RV
Published: May 2019

This paper summarises significant developments in research in the sales force structure domain for the facilitation of impactful problem-driven research in the future. The decision-making choices in sales force structuring from the perspective of the salesperson are reviewed, and also
specialisation, coordination and control. The impact of stage of the firm and its geographical/cultural context on sales force structure is also explored. The paper culminates with hypotheses around the impact of sales force structuring choices with respect to specialisation, generalisation,
formalisation and control on organisational performance, after incorporating the moderating elements related to the growth stage of the firm and the geographical/cultural context.
News media coverage of disasters: Help and hindrance
Authors: Ewart Jacqui , McLean Hamish
Published: May 2019

Journalists play a key role in providing information to various publics affected by disasters or crises. They have important social and ethical responsibilities in relation to disseminating information during the various disaster phases. News media are important in shaping public responses to disasters and in connecting people and communities. This article explores how journalists can contribute towards communication about the management of disasters. It does so by drawing on a series of interviews with high-level emergency managers in eight countries. This article finds that there are key areas where simple changes to reporting approaches might facilitate significant change in approaches to reporting disasters.
Architecture of Exclusion: The Savujbulagh-i Mukri Garrison, Border-Making, and the Transformation of the Ottoman-Qajar Frontier
Authors: Sayadi Nader
Published: May 2019

This article investigates the emergence of the Savujbulagh (current-day Mahabad) garrison during the transformation of the Ottoman-Qajar frontier into the bordered lands in the Mukri region in southern Azerbaijan and eastern Kurdistan in the late nineteenth century. During its short life between 1883 and the second decade of the twentieth century, the garrison was a manifestation of the exclusion of the Mukris from the Qajar political power structure and the transformation of the Ottoman-Qajar frontier into bordered lands in the Mukri region. By examining a newly found architectural drawing of the garrison and images from an album of photography by ‘Ali Khan Vali, this article suggests that the Savujbulagh garrison participated in the symbolic constitution and institutionalization of the processes of border-making in the last stages of the final establishment of the Ottoman-Qajar borders.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Mostafa Heba , Kashani Deanna
Published: May 2019

THE WORLD OF THE FATIMIDS, AGA KHAN MUSEUM, TORONTO, CANADA, March 10–July 2, 2018

IN THE FIELDS OF EMPTY DAYS: THE INTERSECTION OF PAST AND PRESENT IN IRANIAN ART, LOS ANGELES COUNTY MUSEUM OF ART (LACMA), MAY 6–SEPTEMBER 9, 2018
Community radio stations sustainability model: An open-source solution
Authors: Correia Rute , Vieira Jorge , Aparicio Manuela
Published: May 2019

Community radio stations are important social-inclusion structures, empowering communities through media access and production, reinforcing their ties with the wider civil society. The free and open-source software movement has been established since the 1980s, founded on the freedom to use, to study, to share and to improve a software’s source code. It focuses on sharing knowledge, enabling action within a community towards a common goal. With millions of projects and market dominance in specific areas of IT, open source is one of the most successful community movements of our time. In this article, we argue that theoretical frameworks and other insights drawn from the open-source movement can be valuable tools for understanding and critically analysing the designated community radio sphere in terms of technology, content creation and community management to provide a sustainable broadcast practice, expanding already-existing inclusive environments and potentiating empowerment through participation.
Assessing the epigenetic risks of assisted reproductive technologies: a way forward
Authors: Zacchini Federica , Sampino Silvestre , Stankiewicz Adrian M. , Haaf Thomas , Ptak Grazyna E.
Published: May 2019

Since the birth of the first baby conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have been constantly evolving to accomodate needs of a growing number of infertile couples. Rapidly developing ART procedures are directly applied for human infertility treatment without prior long-term safety evaluation. Although the majority of ART babies are healthy at birth, a comprehensive assessment of the long-term risks associated with ART is still lacking. An increased risk of epigenetic errors has been associated with the use of ART, which may contribute to the onset of civilization disease later in adolescence/adulthood and/or in subsequent generations. Therefore, our investigations should not focus on (or be limited to) the occurrence of a few very rare imprinting disorders in ART children, which might be associated with parental age and/or the use of ART, but on the possibly increased disease susceptibilities later in life and their potential transmission to the subsequent generations. Retrospective studies do not offer exhaustive information on long-term consequences of ART. Animal models are useful tools to study long-term effects including transgenerational ones and the epigenetic risk of a given ART procedure, which could then be translated to the human context. The final goal is the establishment of common guidelines for assessing the epigenetic risk of ART in humans, which will contribute to two key objectives of the Horizon2020 programme, i.e. to improve our understanding of the causes and mechanisms underlying health and disease, and to improve our ability to monitor health and prevent/manage disease.
EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS OF THE CECAL APPENDIX
Authors: Costa Lineker Velozo , Araujo Moisés Ederlanio Tavares de , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira , Nóbrega Edgley Almeida , Araújo Anna Clara Carvalho Curvina Costa de , Araújo Cicera Yolanda Dos Santos
Published: May 2019

Cecal appendix carcinoma is characterized as an extremely rare condition and is found in only 1% of appendectomies and accounts for only 0.5% of neoplasms of the intestinal tract. The aim of the study is to discuss Appendix Carcinomatosis by presenting a case of Cecal Appendix Epithelial Neoplasm seen during the Surgery Residence. Keywords: Appendix Vermiformis, Acute Abdomen, Appendix Neoplasm.
Botulinum toxin for modulating the muscle strength of patients rehabilitated with zygomatic implants
Authors: Salvoni Alexander D'Alvia , Salvoni Talita Fakhouri , Kamezawa Leonardo Silva Gomes , Amorim José Benedito de Oliveira , Pagani Clóvis
Published: May 2019

Objective: To measure the intensity of muscle strength and electrical activity of masseter and anterior temporal muscles based on BTX-A therapy in patients rehabilitated with total prostheses on zygomatic implants. Material and Methods: The object of the study was a sample of 20 individuals subjected to zygomatic implant surgery and rehabilitated with implant-supported prostheses, in order to obtain electromyographic data using an eight-channel module (EMG System do Brasil). The data were collected for three consecutive months: prior to the application (single dose) of BTX-A (30 U/ masseter muscle; 10 U/temporal muscle) and after 30 and 90 days of therapeutic treatment. Result: All muscle groups studied showed reduction of muscle electrical activity during voluntary contraction after 30 days of treatment (around 47%) (p < 0.001), which progressively reverted after 90 days of treatment. The anterior temporal muscles presented similar motor behavior, with activity reduction of 39% (p < 0.05). There was a reduction of 17.68% (p < 0.05) in mandibular force and an increase of 14.22% (p < 0.05) in mouth opening after 30 days of BTX-A administration. Conclusions: The results suggest that BTX-A significantly reduces muscle activity, in either the recruitment of motor units or muscle tone, in the first three months of therapeutic treatment. This therapy may also be useful as a preventive method for the failure of zygomatic implant-supported prostheses.KeywordsElectromyography; Dental implants; Prostheses on implants; Botulinum toxin.Keywords: Electromyogra phy; Dental implants; Prostheses on implants; Botulinum toxin.
Effect of mentoplasty on esthetic perception of dental surgeons, dental students and lay persons
Authors: Pithon Matheus , Guedes Diego Oliveira , Leal Solane , Silva Maria Luiza , Dantas Raphaela , Pelegrini Ketly , Coqueiro Raildo da Silva
Published: May 2019

Objective: awas to evaluate the influence of mentoplasty on esthetic perception of dental surgeons, dental students and lay persons. In addition, to determine whether the outstanding chin affects the perceived desire for orthognathic surgery. Material and Methods: An image of an ideal silhouette was created. This image was manipulated to create another six images with different degrees of retrogenia and progenia in increments, advancing and receding the chin on a scale of 5 mm (from +15 to -15 mm) in the anteroposterior and vertical directions. Once the images were obtained, a questionnaire was created, which was evaluated by lay persons, dental surgeons and dental students (n = 50). The evaluators used a visual analog scale to analyze the images, establishing a score ranging from 0 to 10. Associated with the scale, the evaluators were asked whether they wished to have some surgical correction performed if the image in question were a representation of their own facial profile. Results: demonstrated that image H (0 mm) was ranked as the most attractive by the dental surgeons, while the dental students and lay persons scored B (-5 mm) as the best image. In general, images A (+15 mm) and D (-15 mm) were those that most induced a desire for corrective surgery. Conclusion: the prognathic and retrognathic facial profiles were unpleasant and perceptible to the dentist, dental student and lay person. The more projected and retracted the chin was, the greater was the desire to have orthognathic surgery performed.KeywordsEsthetics; Mentoplasty; Face.
Comparative Evaluation of The Efficacy Of Rotary file system (Kedo-S) Vs Hand K-Files In Root Canal Preparation Of Primary Teeth Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Srinivas Abhinaya , Jeevanandan LGanesh , Govindaraju Lavanya , Subramanian Erulappan Muthu Ganapathi
Published: May 2019

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of rotary Kedo-S and hand K-files in shaping ability in primary canines using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted primary maxillary and mandibular canines were selected. Using cone beam computed tomography the teeth were scanned before instrumentation. In Group I, the teeth were prepared using stainless steel K file up to the size of 40. In the Group II teeth, U1 size Kedo-S rotary file was used in crown down technique. The instrumented teeth were scanned again with cone beam computed tomography and the images were compared. Results: The canal taper was more conical for rotary Kedo-S files as compared to K-files, which was statistically significant. Conclusion:  Canal preparation with Rotary files resulted in more conical canals when compared to manual instrumentation in primary teeth that contributes to more uniform obturation.KeywordsCBCT; Hand K-files; Kedo-S file system; Primary teeth; Pulpectomy; Rotary instrumentation.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: May 2019
Authors: Shafi Mehnaz A.
Published: May 2019

To receive CME/MOC credit for this activity, please go to: http://acgjournalcme.gi.org/

Article Title: Current Status of Endoscopic Resection of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Continuing Medical Education Questions: May 2019
Authors: Pawa Swati
Published: May 2019

To receive CME/MOC credit for this activity, please go to: http://acgjournalcme.gi.org/

Article Title: An Approach to the Patient with Undiagnosed Chronic Abdominal Pain
Parathyroid glands: the normal development, anatomy and histological structure
Authors: Mokrysheva Natalia G. , Krupinova Julia A. , Voronkova Iya A.
Published: May 2019

Parathyroid glands (PG) are endocrine glands, which are the most important humoral regulators of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body. They were first described by an Englishman Richard Owen in 1849. Most of patients have four PG – upper and lower. In 13% of cases there are more than four PG. The glands arise as diverticula from the endoderm of the third and fourth branchial pouches between the fifth and twelfth week of gestation. The IV branchial pouch forms the upper gland, and III pouch forms the inferior gland.
The parathyroid hormone production has been demonstrated as early as 83/7 weeks gestational age. The formation, migration, differentiation and functioning of the PGs are determined by a number of genes and changes in them could lead to disfunction in these processes. The ectopic of PG is possible when migration violation (up to 22% of cases). The most common location of the ectopic PG is parenchyma of the thymus and thyroid gland. Each PG is richly vascularized and it is surrounded by a thin connective tissue. In adults, there are two types of parenchymal cells: the chief cells (active and inactive forms) and the oxyphil cells. During the life, the ratio of types of parenchymal cells and their activity have been changing, as well as the characteristics of the stroma.
Escuelas de educación media para ¿adultos? La juvenización de las EEMPA en la ciudad de Santa Fe
Authors: Serovich Luciana Vivian
Published: May 2019

El presente escrito aborda el proceso de juvenizaciónde los Establecimientos de Educación Mediapara Adultos (EEMPA) en la ciudad de Santa Fe, es decir,la creciente participación en estos espacios educativosde población de un rango etario que antes se incluíaen las escuelas secundarias. Se intenta pensar por quéestos estudiantes asisten a instituciones que han sidopensadas históricamente para otra población. El análisisindaga dos dimensiones principales: la renovadaconfiguración de la EEMPA en tanto oferta educativaante la presencia creciente de destinatarios de edadesjuveniles tempranas y las percepciones de los actoresde la institución sobre este proceso.
Analytical theory in terms of J2, J3, J4 with eccentric anomaly for short-term orbit predictions using uniformly regular KS canonical elements
Authors: Anand P Athira , Krishan Sharma Ram
Published: May 2019

A new non-singular analytical theory with respect to the Earthâ€™s zonal harmonic terms J2, J3, J4 has been developed for short-periodic motion, by analytically integrating the uniformly regular KS canonical equations of motion using generalized eccentric anomaly â€˜Eâ€™ as the independent variable. Only one of the eight equations need to be integrated analytically to generate the state vector, due to the symmetry in the equations of motion, and the computation for the other equations is done by changing the initial conditions. King-Heleâ€™s expression for radial distance â€˜râ€™ with J2 is also considered in generating the solution. The results obtained from the analytical expressions in a single step during half a revolution match quite well with numerically integrated values. Numerical results also indicate that the solution is reasonably accurate for a wide range of orbital elements during half a revolution and is an improvement over Sharon et al. [17] theory, which is generated in terms of KS regular elements. It can be used for studying the short-term relative motion of two or more space objects and in collision avoidance studies of space objects. It can be also useful for onboard computation in the navigation and guidance packages.Â Â
Socio-economic correlates of more than one personal account ownership in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana
Authors: Bawuah Jonas , Yusheng Kong , K. Jerry Asare Isaac , Osei Owusu Stella
Published: May 2019

Financial inclusion is seen as one of the major tools that can be used to oust poverty. Given this, several studies have been done to find out the kind of individuals who are likely to have indicators of financial inclusion such as ownership of savings accounts among others. However, it has been observed that certain individuals tend to have multiple savings accounts in which very little is known in the literature about the features of such individuals and why. This study therefore purposively sampled 200 adult respondents in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana with at least one account in any formal institution, in order to investigate the determinants of more than one or multiple personal financial accounts holding. The study employed the binary logit model as the empirical estimation technique. The study therefore found that, most respondents chose enjoyment of several benefits as the most important reason they own more than one personal account. From the regression estimates, the study revealed males, those aged 31-40 years, the employed, married, respondents with junior high school (J.H.S), senior high school (S.H.S) and tertiary levels of education to be more likely to own more than one personal account. The findings therefore fill a major gap in the financial inclusion literature and hence further reinforce the essence of socio-economic factors such as gender, age, education, employment, religion and marital status in the financial inclusion drive.Â Â Â
Naphthoquinone impairs reproductive functions in plasmodium berghei berghei-infected male swiss mice
Authors: Sunday Etukudoh Nkereuwem , Oreofe Akindele Opeyemi , Tolulope Kunle-Alabi Olufadekemi , Folashade Bolarinwa Adeyombo
Published: May 2019

Background: Various antimalarial drugs adversely affect male reproductive functions. Naphtoquinones, a class of antimalarial drugs have been shown to effectively combat malaria parasites. However, the effects of naphtoquinone on reproductive functions remain elusive. The study determined the effects of naphthoquinone on reproductive functions of Plasmodium berghei berghei-infected male Swiss miceMethods: Thirty male Swiss mice were divided into 6 groups (n = 5) namely; Control, 1 mg/kg naphthoquinone, 2 mg/kg naphthoquinone, Plasmodium berghei berghei (Pbb)-infected, Pbb-infected+1 mg/kg naphthoquinone and Pbb-infected+2 mg/kg naphthoquinone. Parasitaemia was confirmed by microscopy. Naphthoquinone (i.p.) was administered for seven days following confirmation of parasitaemia. Thereafter, they were sacrificed. Serum levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and cortisol were assayed via ELISA. Sperm characteristics were evaluated by microscopy. Data were expressed as mean Â± SEM and analysed using ANOVA at p<0.05.Results: Sperm motility reduced in the Pbb-infected compared with control. Sperm viability, motility and count reduced in naphthoquinone only groups and Pbb-infected+naphthoquinone groups compared with the control. Naphthoquinone groups and Pbb-infected alone decreased in LH and testosterone concentrations compared with the control.Conclusion: Naphthoquinone treatment impaired reproductive functions in Plasmodium berghei berghei-infected male Swiss mice.Â Â