bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibility for use of RT-PCR technique in establishing presence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in sperm of breeding bulls
Authors: Petrovic Tamas , Lazic Sava , Jovicin Milovan , Djuricic Bosiljka
Published: October 2011

The bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus is a significant health-economic pathogen in cattle which can be excreted and spread also through sperm of persistently or acutely infected bulls. Native sperm of 6 bulls, found to be negative to the BVD virus by isolating the virus and using the RT-PCR method, was experimentally infected with a tenfold dilution of the non-cytopathogen 22146 strain of the BVD virus with a titer of 105,5. This way, dilutions of the BVD virus from 10-1 to 10-6 (5 x 104 TCID/50 do 0,5 TCID/50 in 0.1 ml native sperm were obtained. From sperm infected in this way, the virus was reisolated on FTB cell culture in a microtiter plate with 96 pools in which each sample of the infected sperm was set up in three samples, and each of them was titrated to a dilution of 1:2 to 1:256. The presence of the BVD virus was proven using the technique of fluorescent antibodies in a second blind passage on FTB culture cells. For cell culture an extremely toxic effect of native sperm to a dilution of 1:64 was established. The BVD virus was reisolated from sperm in all three sperm samples with 5 x 104, 5 x 103 i 5 x 102 TCID/50, and it was not reisolated from sperm with 50, with 5, and with 0.5 TCID/50 BVD virus in 0.1 ml native sperm. At the same time, the presence of the BVD viral genome was proved using the RT-PCR method in the same samples of artificially infected native sperm of bulls. A positive re suit was established in native sperm with 5 x 104, 5 x 103, 5 x 102 and 50 TCID/50 BVD virus n 0.1 ml native sperm. The experiment proved that the RT-PCR method has advantages over the isolation of the BVD virus from samples of native sperm of bulls. These are: shortterm investigations (1 to 2 days) and greater sensitivity (10 times bigger than the isolation of the virus). The isolation of the virus takes at least 10 days, and its greater sensitivity is primarily a result of the cyrotoxic effect of native sperm of bulls on cell culture.
Effect of high levels of organic selenium on glutation-peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in blood plasma of broilers
Authors: Joksimovic-Todorovic Mirjana , Jokic Zivan , Sinovec Zlatan
Published: October 2011

An experiment lasting 45 days was performed on 125 Hybro broilers divided into five groups. All compounds for broiler feed mixes used in the experiment contained 0.15 mg Se/kg, in the form of sodium selenite. The control group (K-group) of broilers was fed mixes without added organic selenium, and the experimental groups with mixes to which selenium, in the form of selenized-yeast, was added in quantities of 2, 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg. Selenized yeast (ICN - Gaienika) was obtained from beer yeast and contained 1.51, or 1.45 mg/g total, or organically bound selenium. At the beginning of the fattening period, GSH-Px plasma activity in broilers of the K-group ranged around 16.55 ?kat/L, while GSH-Px plasma activity in broilers of experimental groups was statistically significantly higher, but without any major differences among the individual groups (on the average 25.53fjkat/L). In the blood plasma of K-group, GSH-Px activity dropped already in the second week of life and was maintained at a relatively constant level (about 10 ?kat/L) until the end of the experiment. The same phenomenon was observed in the experimental groups, but the trend of declining GSH-Px activity in blood plasma was more expressed, and, contrary to the control group, was expressed also in the later phases of the experiment. In the 3rd week of the fattening period, GSH-Px plasma activity in broilers of the control and experimental groups was relatively equal, and then the plasma activity of GSH-Px in broilers of the experimental groups decreased, but there were no major differences among the individual groups.
Production-economic results in hatching eggs production for Arbor Acres laying hens
Authors: Blagojevic Miroslav , Tesic Milan , Sinovec Zlatan , Palic Todor
Published: October 2011

Investigations were carried out on Arbor Acres laying hens divided into two experimental groups, with group! having an initial mass of 2.70 kg, and group II of 2.15 kg. On entering exploitation, the laying hens were 22 weeks old and the experiment lasted 43 weeks. The production results were followed and analyzed according to the periods of exploitation: the first period was from 23-44 weeks, the second period from 45-52 weeks, and the third period from 53-65 weeks. The percent egg-laying ability and hatching egg production were statistically important in group I in the first period (p<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences between groups (p>0.05) totally in the second and in the third periods, or in feed utilization per laying hen or mortality of laying hens. Based on analytical calculations, a 6.30% higher profit was established per egg for laying hens of group I, and a critical point of production feasibility was determined in a projection of hatching egg production with laying hens of bigger initial mass in the 2.38th month of exploitation, at a production scale of 68,132 hatching eggs.
Avian anemia's
Authors: Raukar Jelena
Published: October 2011

This paper deals with avian anemia's classified by MCHC/MCV and with types of anemia's. Father hematological and immunological research is needed to secure information on hematological parameters in different avian species at their earliest age. Anemia is a common clinical finding in birds because the avian erythrocyte half - life is much shorter than the mammalian. Therefore anemia should be determined as soon as possible. Researchers should standardize hematological parameters for every single avian species.
Investigations of genotoxic potential of levamisole hydrochloride in bone marrow cells of Wistar rats
Authors: Kulic Milan , Stanimirovic Zoran , Markovic Biljana , Ristic Sinisa
Published: October 2011

An experiment was performed under in vivo conditions on bone marrow cells of Wistar rats. The following doses of levamisole hydrochloride were tested: a therapeutic dose of 2.2 mg/kg bm, a dose of 4.4 mg/kg bm, LD50 -25% mg/kg bm, and LD50 -75% mg/kg bm. We followed the effect of levamisole hydrochloride on kinetics of the cell cycle and the appearance of structural and numeric changes in chromosomes in bone marrow cells. The therapeutic dose of levamisole of 2.2 mg/kg bm exhibited a capability to increase mitotic activity in the observed cells, thus confirming knowledge of the immunostimulative effect of this dose of the medicine under in vivo conditions. The other tested doses of levamisole in this experiment, observed in comparison with the control group, had an opposite effect, namely, they caused a reduction in the mitotic activity of bone marrow cells. All the examined doses in vivo exhibited the ability to induce numeric (aneuploid and polyploid) and structural (lesions, breaks and insertions) chromosomal aberrations. It can be concluded on the grounds of these findings that the examined doses have a genotoxic effect.
Investigations of prevalence of antibodies to B.canis in stray dogs in territory of Belgrade
Authors: Radojicic Sonja , Cilerdzic Milica , Dimic Bane , Kircanski Jasmina
Published: October 2011

The paper covers investigations of stray dogs in the territory of the city of Belgrade. A total of 184 blood serum samples were examined for the presence of antibodies specific to Brucella canis. The method of slow agglutination in a test tube with 2- mercaptoethanol was used in the diagnostic procedure. Of the 184 examined serums, 49 (26.63%) had a titer of 1/50, 25 serums had a titer of 1/100 (13.58%), while 20 serums had a titer equal to or bigger than 1/200 (10.87%). Furthermore, 15 samples of full blood from serologiclly negative animals were also presented for isolation. The bacteriological finding for these samples was negative. The obtained results indicate that the number of seropositive stray dogs in the territory of Belgrade is extremely high and that 10.87% of the testes animals are definitely infected with Brucella canis.
Examinations of efficacy of Peral-S under in vitro conditions
Authors: Asanin Ruzica , Misic Dusan
Published: October 2011

The examinations covered numerous clinical and referent strain of both bacteria, as well as viruses and fungi. The paper presents only one part of the examinations in which referent strains of E. coli NTCC 8116, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 19086, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 511, Salmonella Choleraeuis ATCC 10653, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 6055 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 were used. The effect of Peral-S in concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% on the listed strain of bacteria was examined using the suspension method at exposition times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. Examinations were also performed of the antiviral effects of Peral-S in concentrations of 0.1% to 1% and at exposure times from 30 seconds to 5 minutes on the viruses Aujeszky 257/II, P13, Newcastle virus, Coxackie B6 , Herpes simplex type I. The efficacy of the antiviral effects of Peral-S was checked on tissue cultures MDBK, AUBEK and HEP-2 using the floating technique method. Examinations also covered the fungicidal effect of Peral-S in concentrations of from 0.1% to 1%, and of 3%, 4%, and 5% at exposure times of 5, 15 and 60 minutes and cultures aged 1 to 14 days. The investigations covered fungi from the following genera: Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. and Mucor spp. Peral-S showed a bactericidal effect on all the examined bacteria strains, in all the applied concentrations and at all exposure times. Peral-S in a concentration of 0.1% and at an exposure time of 30 seconds had a vurcidal effect on all examined viruses. How-ever, there was no fungicidal effect of Peral-S in concentrations of 0.1% to 1% at all expo-sure times on fungi cultures aged from one to 14 days. The preparation did exhibit a fungicidal effect in a concentration of 3% in all examined fungi cultures after 60 minutes of expo-sure, while it exhibited a fungicidal effect in a concentration of 4% after 5 minutes of expo-sure on all examined fungi cultures, regardless of their age.
Investigations of sensitivity to antibiotics of salmonella strain species originating from poultry from different epizootiological areas
Authors: Stosic Zorica , Mitric Milan , Kiskarolj Ferenc , Misic Dusan , Asanin Ruzica
Published: October 2011

A total of 1666 samples were examined, of which 512 samples of parenchymatous organs of dead or deliberately sacrtificed animals, 60 samples of non-hatched fertilized eggs, 202 samples of feces, 652 samples of cloacal smears, 221 samples of smears from walls of maintenance objects, incubator stations, and transport vehicles, 19 samples of beddings and shavings. The samples originated from poultry farms and which were taken to a laboratory immediately on sampling and sown the same day. A total of 104 strains of Salmonella were isolated: 94 strains from samples of parenchymatous organs of dead chicks, 1 strain from non-hatched eggs, 3 strains from feces samples, 1 strain from samples of cloacal smears, 4 strains from samples of surface smears of maintenance objects and transport vehicles, and 1 strain from samples of beddings and shavings. Serological typization established the presence of the following serovarieties: Salmonella Enteritidis 79 strains, Salmonella Hartford 17 strains, Salmonella Typohimurium 5 strains, Salmonella Mbandaka 2 strains, and Salmonella Glostrup 1 strain. We examined the sensitivity of Salmonella strains to ampicillin, amoxicillin, gentamycin, streptomycin, neomycin, enrofloxacine, norfloxacine, flumequin, erythromycin, lincospectin, colistin, fluorphenicol, and a combination of sulphamethoxasole and trimethoprim. In S. Enteritidis strains, no resistence was established to colistin, fluorphenicol and sulphamethoxasole+trimethoprim, in fact, the sensitivity to these antibiotics and chemotherapeutics was 100%. Prevalence resitence of 0.96%, in only one strain, was established for enrofloxacine. A high prevalence resistence of 33.6% was established for neomycin, while prevalence resistence of 3.86% was established for the related aminoglycozide antibiotic gentamycin. The highest prevalence resistance in S.Hartford strains was established for erythromycin, 15.38%, and streptomycin, 7.6%. Resistence of S. Tyohimurium was established for flumequin and erythromycin in 1.9% strains. No resistance to antibiotics was established in the strains S. Mbandaka and S. Glostrup.
Pheromone application in prevention and therapy of domestic animal behavioral disorder
Authors: Vucinic Marijana
Published: October 2011

This review-type paper presents the latest knowledge on pheromone therapy. Pheromone therapy does not imply merely the use of structural analogues of pheromones in therapy, but also in the prevention of behavioral disorders in domestic animals. Their application is induced in all cases in which the effects of stressors are expected and their negative effect on the health condition, welfare and production results of domestic animals. Structural analogues of pheromones can successfully be applied in the prevention and therapy of behavioral disorders in horses, swine, dogs, and cats. Recent investigations have confirmed that structural analogues of semiochemicals exert a positive effect also on the production results and meat quality of broilers. They realize their therapeutic and preventive effect on the behavior of domestic animals through the stabilization of the emotional state, relaxation, and calming the animals that are disturbed, or could become disturbed due to the effect of stressors.
Influence of stocking density on body conformation in broilers
Authors: Softic Almira , Gagic Abdulah , Kavazovic Aida , Crnkic Cazim , Katica Velija , Sakic Vedad
Published: October 2011

In this experiment the influence of stocking density on the body conformation of broiler carcasses was investigated. One hundred and twenty broiler chickens were divided into three groups; each group comprised 40 chickens. At the end of the first week of the fattening period 20 chickens in each group were marked by random sampling. The first testing group (P1) represented the one with a lower stocking density (12 chickens per square meter); the second one (P2) with a higher stocking density (18 chickens per square meter), while the control group (K) was set in accordance with the technological recommendations (15 chickens per square meter). Breast circumference, drumstick circumference, keel length (crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle were monitored and measured on a weekly basis. Body conformation measures were determined on the carcasses in a horizontal position with their backs placed on the table. The appropriate instruments such as millimetre tape, caliper and ZP-3 protractor were used. In addition, a weekly live weight and feed consumption were measured. Production results (live weight, gain, feed-to-gain ratio and European Production Index (EPI) were calculated. Carcass grades were calculated based on the mass ratio of the cooled carcass and the live body weight before slaughtering. The research findings have confirmed that overcrowding in production facilities is always risky in regard to the expected production results. In contrast, by fully conforming to the production technology requirements, it is possible to achieve better production results.
Healing of open fracture of shoulder bone in owl
Authors: Prokic Branislav , Lazarevic-Macanovic Mirjana , Prokic Branko
Published: October 2011

Curing and treatment of accidental injuries in birds that have the nature of complex, old and contaminated wounds demand maximum caution from the surgeon. Birds, in particular wild fowl, are sensitive to manipulation during examinations and the diagnosis of the injuries. The estimate of the complexity of an injury and the general condition of the patient are of key importance for the correct choice of diagnostic procedures, anesthesia, and the operative procedure. The implementation of ketamine and diazepam for general injection anesthesia provides possibilities for the unhindered executing of the surgical procedure. The implementation of Kischner needles and pins is a good choice for the fixation of long bones in birds. The postoperative course in the patient requires constant medical and professional supervision which must be followed to the letter.
Most important types of cattle behavior
Authors: Joksimovic-Todorovic Mirjana , Hristov Slavca , Davidovic Vesna , Relic Renata , Stankovic Branislav
Published: October 2011

Behavior of cattle is a simple and easily established indicator of their health condition, production characteristics and welfare, showing whether and how the animal has adapted to the maintenance conditions. Essentially, all forms of cattle behavior are accompanied by certain physiological changes in the organism, and the basic moving forces of behavior are congenital. The moving forces of behavior of cattle are narrowed down to a certain number of biological needs (the need for food, water, sexual and other biological needs) and congenital urges and instincts, such as the combative and maternal instincts. Cattle are grazing animals and they cannot exhibit all their congenital natural activities of behavior under intensive maintenance conditions. Different internal and external stimuli influence the types of behavior of cattle, changing the motivational activities of their organism. In the course of domestication, certain forms of behavior of cattle have sustained changes, some have adapted to the new conditions, and new ones have appeared as well. The social, reproductive, maternal, and feeding behavior of cattle in closed maintenance conditions has not changed fundamentally, but the model of its manifesting has changed. Furthermore, certain disorders in the behavior of cattle also appear as a consequence of the maintenance conditions, and they can also be of hereditary character. In order to promote welfare, cattle should be enabled to exhibit their natural behavior, but they should also be provided with an environment that has natural characteristics.
Importance of entomology in veterinary forensics
Authors: Aleksic Jelena , Jovic Slavoljub
Published: October 2011

Entomological evidence is legal evidence in the form of insects or related artropodes, and a field of their study in the aim of medicocriminal applications and veterinary-medical forensic cases is forensic entomology. The most obvious and widely present fauna on the animal and human corpse in early stages of the decomposition process are insect larvae that use the corps as an important food source. The insects found on the corpse represent a significant source of information for determining the time of death, which is an evaluation of the post-morted interval. Additionally, by comparing fauna around the body with fauna found on the body one can obtain information if the corpse was moved after death. Often, insects found on the body point out that infestation by larvae started before death. That implicates animal abuse and defines its duration. Based on these elements, a forensic doctor can deduce which level of abuse is in question. Entomology is an expanding field and the more cases are being shown and the more researchers are being taught how to use insects as a way of proving responsibility, the more it will develop. It is becoming more common for entomological evidence to be case-breaking in the determination of post mortem intervals, in both early and late decomposition phase.
Significance of salmonella in pork production chain
Authors: Karabasil Nedjeljko , Dimitrijevic Mirjana , Kilibarda Natasa , Teodorovic Vlado , Baltic Milan
Published: October 2011

Animals, feed, meat and meat products are often transported across long distances, being an important part of international trade, which enables a dissemination of salmonella, including even of some resistant strains. Pigs are animals which are difficult to manipulate because of their temperament, build, sharp teeth, irritability, good sense of smell, bad sight and their sensitivity to stress. Animals coming from different farms should be separated in stock yards to prevent both contamination with pathogens such as salmonella and their irritation and aggressiveness caused by contacts with other pigs. These animals are usually a significant reservoir of salmonella which are 'inside' the gastrointestinal tract and gut associated lymph tissue. In contrast to our country, in the EU, even countries which have always had low salmonella prevalence, e.g. Finland, have a control program. The program has to be based on a guarantee that all relevant factors will participate in the prevention of salmonella contamination.
Food allergens: Hypersensitivity to food and food constituents
Authors: Stankovic Ivan
Published: October 2011

Adverse reactions to food which occur only in susceptible individuals may result from true physical hypersensitivity to components of foods or from psychological factors. Non-allergic food hypersensitivity may be due to a metabolic defect in the affected individual, while in food allergy immune mechanism is involved. Food allergy can be further subdivided into IgE-mediated food allergy and non-IgE-mediated food allergy, depending on the underlying allergic mechanism. Most cases of confirmed food allergy involve the production of IgE antibodies and a network of interactions between various cell types and chemical mediators. This type of allergic reaction is known as an IgE-mediated allergy (or a type I hypersensitivity reaction), and it produces immediate symptoms. The most severe form of IgE-mediated allergy is systematic answer known as anaphylaxis that can be fatal in the absence of adequate medical help. Other less severe allergy manifestations are symptoms like swelling, itching, redness and heat in the mouth, gut, skin or respiratory tract. Hypersensitivity to food requires special dietary treatment, but total exclusion of some foods from the diet can be very difficult, because of the wide distribution of some foodstuffs in the diet or their presence as impurities in other foods. It is very important that producers have good systems of control, traceability and labeling of possible presence of food allergens in order to help people with food allergies to conduct their restrictive diets that are in most cases their lifelong treatment.
Estimating Achievement Gaps From Test Scores Reported in Ordinal “Proficiency” Categories
Authors: Ho Andrew D. , Reardon Sean F.
Published: October 2011

Test scores are commonly reported in a small number of ordered categories. Examples of such reporting include state accountability testing, Advanced Placement tests, and English proficiency tests. This article introduces and evaluates methods for estimating achievement gaps on a familiar standard-deviation-unit metric using data from these ordered categories alone. These methods hold two practical advantages over alternative achievement gap metrics. First, they require only categorical proficiency data, which are often available where means and standard deviations are not. Second, they result in gap estimates that are invariant to score scale transformations, providing a stronger basis for achievement gap comparisons over time and across jurisdictions. The authors find three candidate estimation methods that recover full-distribution gap estimates well when only censored data are available.
Logement social et ségrégation résidentielle des immigrés en France, 1968-1999
Authors: Verdugo Gregory
Published: October 2011

Résumé Cet article analyse l’évolution de la ségrégation résidentielle des immigrés en France entre 1968 et 1999 et ses liens avec le logement social, dans les unités urbaines de plus de 50 000 habitants et entre ces unités, à l’aide de données issues des recensements. Durant cette période, la ségrégation des immigrés européens et celle des immigrés non européens ont suivi des tendances divergentes. Au niveau macrogéographique, les résultats indiquent une baisse de la concentration des immigrés dans certaines unités urbaines, notamment pour les immigrés non européens vivant en logement social. À l’intérieur des unités urbaines, une ségrégation par origine nationale prédominait en 1968 pour tous les groupes, avant de décliner par la suite, principalement pour les immigrés européens. Quant aux immigrés non européens vivant en logement social, la diminution de la ségrégation par origine nationale a été contrebalancée par une augmentation de la ségrégation par continent ou sous-continent d’origine. La concentration des immigrés de différentes origines nationales dans les logements sociaux de certains quartiers peut en partie l’expliquer. En 1999, les immigrés habitant des logements sociaux, particulièrement les non européens, connaissaient des niveaux de ségrégation plus élevés que ceux vivant en logement privé. Toutefois, les niveaux de ségrégation des différents groupes d’immigrés ne varient pas avec l’ancienneté moyenne de séjour en France.
L'interstitiel, un lieu fécond pour penser les liens entre-deux
Authors: Bourion Christian , Barth Isabelle
Published: October 2011

Résumé Dans ce monde en émergence, on sait que la ressource essentielle ne sera plus la matière mais la pensée. Il en résulte que la qualité et l’opérationnalité d’une discipline scientifique sera inversement proportionnelle au volume de ses impensés. L’impensé est un espace vide de sens entre deux concepts. De nombreux phénomènes sociétaux font l’objet d’impensés, particulièrement au sein des organisations éducatives, commerciales ou religieuses. Toutefois, la méthodologie de repérage est spécifique : on ne peut collecter des données sur un « ensemble vide » avec les méthodes qui permettent de collecter des données sur des ensembles habités. Il est toutefois possible de procéder à ce type de recherche en s’inspirant de la sérendipité, de l’Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM), de la Grounded Theory (GT), en collectant des retours d’expérience (REX), en utilisant la puissance des moteurs de recherche et les logiciels adéquats, comme le montre l’exemple développé.
Quand on se suicide au travail
Authors: Brodier Philippe
Published: October 2011

Résumé Se suicider au travail a émergé sur la scène médiatique ces dix dernières années. En corollaire, se sont engouffrés de nombreux leaders d’opinion de toute sorte qui selon leurs intérêts ou leurs idéologies ont livré leurs interprétations obligeant à une compréhension partisane de la situation. Pour se dégager de cette contrainte, cette réflexion vise à éclairer les interstices entre le suicide et le management, d’en expliciter les liens et les dépendances au travers de différents outils et concepts psychanalytiques. La conjonction de la métapsychologie de la dépression associée à la topique narcissique semble être opérante pour expliquer le passage à l’acte suicidaire. Ainsi, il apparaît que le suicide au travail n’est pas l’aboutissement d’un stress insupportable ou l’issue dramatique de contraintes instituées par un nouveau capitalisme. Au-delà des concepts analytiques usités, ceux-ci sont nourris par les événements dramatiques qui se sont déroulés au sein de Renault et de France Télécom avec en filigrane la tentative de répondre à la question : pourquoi là et non pas dans une autre entreprise ? A l’heure de la société libérée et individualiste de masse où chacun est laissé libre de donner le sens qu’il entend à sa vie, lorsque le sens s’échappe au travail, il est parfois difficile de ne pas s’échapper avec lui.
Pour une analyse dramaturgique des rôles du conjoint dans l'expatriation
Authors: Davoine Eric , Ravasi Claudio , Cudré-Mauroux Christel
Published: October 2011

Résumé Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons au rôle social du conjoint d’expatrié dans le cadre de l’expatriation. De nombreux chercheurs soulignent l’importance du conjoint pour la réussite ou l’échec de l’expatriation. Certains experts placent même le comportement du conjoint comme premier facteur de réussite de l’expatriation. Aujourd’hui, il est de plus en plus difficile pour les multinationales d’ignorer l’importance des conjoints et de nier les attentes de rôle social et professionnel que l’organisation leur adresse. Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons, avec une approche « dramaturgique », d’inspiration « goffmanienne », à ces attentes de rôle. Nous les étudions avec un cas exemplaire, celui des conjoints du personnel diplomatique et consulaire du Ministère suisse des Affaires Étrangères. Quarante conjoints, hommes et femmes, ont été interrogés dans le cadre de notre enquête. Nous présentons de manière structurée les principaux répertoires identifiés, en détaillant les différents sous-répertoires qui peuvent être mobilisés pour interpréter le rôle de conjoint.
Document Search Images in Text Collections for Restricted Domains on Websites
Authors: Makagonov Pavel , E. Celia B.Reyes , Sidorov Grigori
Published: October 2011

The main idea of the authors’ research is to perform quantitative analysis of a text collection during the process of its preparation and transformation into a digital library for a website. They use as a case study the digital library of the website on Mixtec culture that we maintain. The authors propose using the concept of the text document search image (TDSI). For creating TDSIs they make analysis of word frequencies in the documents and distinguish between the Zipf’s distribution that is typical for meaningful words and distributions approximated by an ellipse typical for auxiliary words. The authors also describe some analogies of these distributions in architecture and in urban planning. We describe a toolkit DDL that allows for TDSI creation and show its application for the mentioned website and for the corpus of dialogs with railway office information system.
Introduction to 3D Imaging
Authors: Malik Aamir Saeed , Nisar Humaira
Published: October 2011

With the advent of 3D consumer products in the electronics market, 3D imaging is all set to take off. Last decade had seen a lot of research activity with respect to 3D imaging. It will not be wrong to say that this decade will be the decade of 3D imaging. This chapter briefly introduces 3D imaging with respect to various 3D consumer products and 3D standardization activity. It also discusses the challenges and the future of 3D imaging.
Forward Projection for Use with Iterative Reconstruction
Authors: Guedouar Raja , Zarrad Boubaker
Published: October 2011

Modelling the forward projection or reprojection, that is defined as the operation that transforms a 3D volume into series of 2D set of line integrals, is of interest in several medical imaging applications as iterative tomographic reconstruction (X-ray, Computed Tomography [CT], Positron Emission Tomography [PET], Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography [SPECT]), dose-calculation in radiotherapy and 3D-display volume-rendering. As forward projection is becoming widely used, iterative reconstruction algorithms and their characteristics may affect the reconstruction quality; its accuracy and performance needs more attention. The aim of this chapter is to show the importance of the modelling of the forward projection in the accuracy of medical tomographic data (CT, SPECT and PET) reconstructed with iterative algorithms. Therefore, we first present a brief overview on the iterative algorithms used in tomographic reconstruction in medical imaging. Second, we focus on the projection operators. Concepts and implementation of the most popular projection operators are discussed in detail. Performance of the computer implementations is shown using the well-known Shepp_Logan phantom. In order to avoid possibly confounding perspective effects implied by fan or cone-beam, this study is performed in parallel acquisition geometry.
Low-Complexity Stereo Matching and Viewpoint Interpolation in Embedded Consumer Applications
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhang Ke , Lu Jiangbo , Chang Tian-Sheuan , Lafruit Gauthier
Published: October 2011

Viewpoint interpolation is the process of synthesizing plausible in-between views - so-called virtual camera views - from a couple of surrounding fixed camera views. To make viewpoint interpolation possible for low/moderate-power consumer applications, a further quality/complexity trade-off study is required to conciliate algorithmic quality to architectural performance. In essence, the inter-dependencies between the different algorithmic steps in the processing chain are thoroughly analyzed, aiming at an overall quality-performance model that pinpoints which algorithmic functionalities can be simplified with minor global input-output quality degradation, while maximally reducing their implementation complexity w.r.t. arithmetic and line buffer requirements. Compared to state-of-the-art CPU and GPU platforms running at several GHz clock speed, our low-power 100 MHz FPGA implementation achieves speedups with one to two orders of magnitude, without impeding on the visual quality, reaching over 100 frames per second VGA high-quality, 64-disparity search range stereo matching and enabling viewpoint interpolation in low-power, embedded applications.
Multi-View Autostereoscopic Visualization using Bandwidth-Limited Channels
Authors: Zinger Svitlana , Morvan Yannick , Ruijters Daniel , Do Luat , de With Peter H. N.
Published: October 2011

The increasing popularity of stereoscopic cinema and television paves the way for more advanced stereoscopic technologies, such as high-resolution multi-view autostereoscopic displays. The amount of information conveyed by such displays surpasses, however, the bandwidth capacity of the current broadcasting infrastructure. In this chapter, we will focus on technical solutions to overcome the bandwidth bottleneck that only minimally affect the viewer experience. The presented solutions consist of (1) employing depth-based free-viewpoint interpolation with the aim to reduce the number of views that need to be transmitted, (2) the optimal compression of the depth and texture images while minimizing the resulting image artifacts, and (3) the optimal resolution considerations for a given autostereoscopic display.
3D Scene Capture and Analysis for Intelligent Robotics
Authors: Jarvis Ray
Published: October 2011

The capability of robots to function effectively in the unstructured real world is dominated by the extent to which supporting sensory and computational resources can capture and analyse the 3D working environments within which they are to carry out their tasks. Many device technologies and computational algorithms have been developed over the last 30 years to enable such capabilities. This chapter chronicles a diverse range of such developments, comparing and contrasting them and indicating their various strengths and weaknesses to support intelligent robotic functionality in various domains of application.
3D Camera Tracking for Mixed Reality using Multi-Sensors Technology
Authors: Ababsa Fakhreddine , Zendjebil Iman Maissa , Didier Jean-Yves
Published: October 2011

The concept of Mixed Reality (MR) aims at completing our perception of the real world, by adding fictitious elements that are not perceptible naturally such as: computer generated images, virtual objects, texts, symbols, graphics, sounds, smells, et cetera. One of the major challenges for efficient Mixed Reality system is to ensure the spatiotemporal coherence of the augmented scene between the virtual and the real objects. The quality of the Real/Virtual registration depends mainly on the accuracy of the 3D camera pose estimation. The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview on the recent multi-sensor fusion approaches used in Mixed Reality systems for the 3D camera tracking. We describe the main sensors used in those approaches and we detail the issues surrounding their use (calibration process, fusion strategies, etc.). We include the description of some Mixed Reality techniques developed these last years and which use multi-sensor technology. Finally, we highlight new directions and open problems in this research field.
Cloning and Characterization of a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase from Artemisia Annua L
Authors: Liu Shuo Qian , Tian Na , Liu Zhong Hua , Huang Jia Nan , Li Juan
Published: October 2011

In order to discover the formation mechanism of carotenoid derived aroma, which has been wildly used on protection of crop against insect attacks, the full-length cDNA of an Artemisia annua carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (AaCCD1) was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The function of AaCCD1 was characterized by expression of AaCCD1 in a strain of E. coli accumulating carotenoids and enzyme assay in vitro. The completed open read frame of AaCCD1 was 1629 bp and it encoded a 542-amino acid protein with a 77% amino acid identity to Arabidopsis thaliana CCD1, a predicted molecular mass of 61.04 kDa and a pI of 5.8. AaCCD1 efficiently cleaves carotenoids and regulate the formation of terpenoid compounds. This is the first time to report the cloning and identification of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from Atemisia annua, which will play a great role on understanding the regulation of volatile compounds.
A Image Segmentation Scheme
Authors: Zhang Shi Lin , Li He Ping , Zhang Shu Wu
Published: October 2011

A BS process involves building a model of the background and extracting regions of the foreground (moving objects) with the assumptions that the camera remains stationary and there exist no movements in the background. Video object extraction is a critical task in multimedia analysis and editing. Normally, the user provides some hints of foreground and background, and then the target object is extracted from the video sequence. In this paper, we propose a object segmentation system that integrates a clustering model with Markov random field-based contour tracking and graph-cut image segmentation. The contour tracking propagates the shape of the target object, whereas the graph-cut refines the shape and improves the accuracy of video segmentation. Experimental results show that our segmentation system is efficient.
Aerodynamic Investigation of Hypersonic Vehicle with Forward-Facing Cavity
Authors: Lu Hai Bo , Liu Wei Qiang
Published: October 2011

Forward-facing cavity mounted on the blunt nose of hypersonic vehicle is a good choice to reduce the stagnation heating. Presently, the study on hypersonic vehicles nose tip with forward-facing cavity mainly focus on its thermology characteristic, and little work can be found investigating the effect of cavity on aerodynamic force for a holistic vehicle. The CFD method is developed to investigate the effect of cavity geometry on aerodynamic performance of hypersonic vehicle with a forward-facing cavity on the nose-tip. Drag coefficient, lift coefficient and pitching moment coefficient of the vehicle for different attack angle are calculated. It is found that the cavity length to diameter (L/D) can not be a characteristic parameter in aerodynamic research, though it was used as a main characteristic parameter in investigation on the thermal protection. The length of the cavity L has little effect on aerodynamic characteristic of the vehicle, and the cavity diameter D has a crucial influence on the aerodynamic performance and the aerodynamic performance decrease with the D increasing. With the attack angle increasing, the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, pitching moment coefficient and lift-drag ratio of the hypersonic vehicle all increase.
The Compensation Research of Contactless Electrical Energy Transmission System
Authors: Huang Ke , Liang Zhi Yong , Zhang Li Ping , Lu Le
Published: October 2011

Contactless electrical energy transmission (CEET) system realizes power transmission with no electrical or physical connection by the perfect combination of inductive coupling technique and electronics. This paper studies the characteristics of the CEET system based on the loosely coupled transformer mathematical model, then analyses the power transmission performance and its changing rules in different compensation topologies. We can get the parameter requirements when the load obtains the maximum transmission power from these studies. This work can provide reference to optimize the circuit design and promote the power transmission ability for the CEET system.
Buckling Analysis of Multilayered Functionally Graded Composite Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Kargarnovin Mohammad Hossein , Hashemi Mehdi
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the buckling analysis of a multilayered composite cylindrical shell which volume fraction of its fiber varies according to power law in longitudinal direction, due to applied compressive axial load is studied. Rule of mixture model and reverse of that are employed to represent elastic properties of this fiber reinforced functionally graded composite. Strain displacement relations employed are based on Reissner-Naghdi-Berry’s shell theory. The displacement finite element model of the equilibrium equations is derived by employing weak form formulation. The Lagrangian shape function for in-plane displacements and Hermitian shape function for displacement in normal direction to the surface of mid-plane are used. Then, finite element code is written in MATLAB based on stated method to obtain the critical axial buckling load. Numerical results show that despite having the same layout and average volume fraction of fibers, the critical axial buckling load of functionally graded composite cylindrical shell is more than that of traditional composite in which the volume fraction of its fiber is constant throughout the shell.
Coupled Dynamic Analysis of Magnetic Bearing-Rotor System under the Influences of Base Motion
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei
Published: October 2011

To investigate the active magnetic bearing-rotor system which is influenced by the base motion, coupled dynamic model is developed in this paper. The effects of base motion, electrical differential equations of control system and the mounting of sensors at different positions on the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic bearing-rotor system were discussed. The feasibility of the dynamic model is illustrated. This dynamic model can be used for the coupled electromechanical dynamics analysis of rotor system equipped with magnetic bearings.
Simulating the Fracture Wave Field Characteristics Using Finite Element Method of the Anisotropic Elastic Wave
Authors: Yang De Yi
Published: October 2011

This paper introduced the Liner slip deformation (LSD) fracture media model theory, and this theory is applied into the two component numerical simulation in HTI(LSD) media using the finite element method of the anisotropic elastic wave. By means of the numerical simulation paper revealed the wave field characteristics of the fracture parameters. The conclusion has an important sense for the application of the LSD fracture media model theory in the field of fracture detection and detection of fracture containing fluid.
The Preparation of the Second Modification of Activated Carbon Fiber Loaded Mn
Authors: Lu Lu , Zhang Jing , Yan Ying Chun
Published: October 2011

The Mn loaded ACF (ACF-Mn), prepared by impregnation method combined with activation method under high temperature, can be second modified. The best second modifiers, modifier concentration and activation time condition for ACF-Mn was determine by orthogonal experiments. The modified ACF was characterized by XRD、SEM、EDS and other ways. The results show that the optimal conditions for the second modification was that at 700°C under the protection of N2 activation for 50 min when the modifier concentration of CuSO4 was 10%. The iodine adsorption value of the second modified ACF is 1605.36 mgg-1, and the content of basic functional groups is 119.86 mmolg-1. The granular Cu, Mn attached to the surface of ACF and significantly increased its crystallinity. This is helpful to increase the surface area and enhance its adsorption properties.
The Corrosion Behavior of 304L and 316L Stainless Steel in Food Grade Phosphoric Acid Solutions
Authors: Li Yan Li , Xiang Song , Zeng Hong Tao , Wang Jiang Ping , Wang Quan Ding
Published: October 2011

The corrosion behavior of 304L and 316L stainless steel have been investigated in 55 °C,85% food grade phosphoric acid solution by weight loss method and dynamic potential scan , the surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results showed that the number of pits in 304L was much more than that in 316L. The contents of Cr inside pits were greater than that in the smooth surface in the two stainless steels, indicating the Cr-poor are prone to corrosion. All the samples exhibited stable passive behavior which can be seen from the potentiodynamic polarization curves, 316L corrosion potential (-0.201V) was higher than that of 304L the corrosion potential (-0.357V), and under the same circumstance, 316L stainless steel was more corrosion-resistant than 304L stainless steel.
Fuzzy-Control with Gray-Predictor for Time-Varying Delay Systems
Authors: Zhang Zhi Yong , Liu Xin , Huang Cai Xia
Published: October 2011

A control structure, integrated with the virtue of high approximate capability of neural network, strong adaptability of gray prediction and strong robustness of fuzzy control, is proposed in this paper, in which the time-delay identify, varying step response predict and fuzzy control are achieved at one time. The results of computer simulation indicate that the control scheme can dramatically satisfy the desire of fast dynamic response and stability．
Synchronization of Chaotic Fractional-Order Systems via Fractional-Order Adaptive Controller
Authors: Fayazi Ali
Published: October 2011

In this paper, an adaptive fractional-order controller has been designed for synchronization of chaotic fractional-order systems. This controller is a fractional PID controller, which the coefficients will be tuned according to a proper adaptation mechanism. PID coefficients are updated using the gradient method when a proper sliding surface is chosen. To illustrate the effectiveness and performance of the controller, the proposed controller implements on a pair of topologically inequivalent chaotic fractional-order systems. The Genesio-Tessi and Coullet systems. Performance of fractional-order adaptive PID controller (PαIλDμ) on the basis of speed of synchronization, error of synchronization, and level of control signal, is compared with the conventional ones (adaptive PID controller) and sliding mod controller (SMC). The simulation results reducing the level of control signal indicate the significance of the proposed controller.
The Study on Engineering Construction Material Information Management System Based on .NET
Authors: Liang Jun Qing , Guo Shu Chao , Gao Ce , Du Zhong Guo , Li Ling , Yang Shuang Shuang
Published: October 2011

Based on background, taking the engineering construction material information management system to replace the traditional artificial management mode in recent years has caused extensive concerns in the construction enterprises. Then, this paper used .NET technology to implement the construction material information management system.
Program Design of On-Line Fault Diagnosis for ASCS of AMT in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle
Authors: Liu Hai Ou , Zeng Ai , Song Wei Qun
Published: October 2011

On the basis of discussing the construction and working principle of AMT for a heavy-duty vehicle, the paper analyzed the main causes for different kinds of faults, and presented three fault diagnostic methods. The diagnostic software was programmed and verified feasible through bench test.
The Study and Application of Knowledge Management System of Manufacture Enterprise under Collaborative Manufacturing
Authors: Tai Li Jun , Hu Ru Fu , Zhao Han
Published: October 2011

Under collaborative manufacturing the knowledge of manufacture enterprise is regard as representative knowledge resource．The knowledge class of manufacture enterprise is analyzed．In order to content to the requirement of representation of knowledge under network, a knowledge representation model，which combine the topic map with ontology, is presented．The document knowledge abstraction process is defined .An knowledge management system of farm automobile enterprise(NYKWS) is developed.