bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento local e a construção de uma nova territorialidade: a implantação do Programa Territórios da Cidadania no Norte Pioneiro do Paraná
Authors: Lopes Eliana B. M. , Kerbauy Maria Teresa Miceli
Published: July 2015

A abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento assumiu lugar de destaque nas políticas públicas estatais, norteando também ações origináarias de distintas organizações da sociedade. O enfoque territorial, infl uenciado pelas análises relacionadas aos distritos industriais, destaca-se como uma forma específi ca de tratar processos e situações delimitadas espacialmente. No Brasil, a Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Territorial, vinculada ao Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário, desde 2003, o adota-o estrategicamente por meio do Programa Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais (PRONAT). Em 2008, ocorreu a implantação do Programa Territórios da Cidadania, um desdobramento do PRONAT e das políticas de desenvolvimento rural direcionadas à dinamização de territórios deprimidos, constituídos por pequenos municípios e que, compreendem áreas e atividades rurais e urbanas, superando a ênfase setorial do mundo rural. A análise dos pressupostos subjacentes à adoção dessa estratégia nas políticas de desenvolvimento rural no Brasil, realizada por meio do estudo da constituição do Território Integração Norte Pioneiro (PR), indica que a ênfase dessa política recai mais sobre a efetividade da descentralização do que a concretização da gestão social. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: territórios, abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento, PRONAT, Programa Territórios da Cidadania, Território Integração Norte Pioneiro.
AS AUDITORIAS DA CGU E A TRANSPARÊNCIA LICITATÓRIA DOS MUNICÍPIOS PAULISTAS
Authors: Casalecchi Alessandro Ribeiro de Carvalho , Oliveira Euripedes Magalhães de
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia de análise da relação entre a transparência dos procedimentos de licitação utilizados pelas admi­nistrações municipais e as irregularidades apontadas nestes municípios nos relatórios da Controladoria Geral da União (CGU). Para tanto, enfoca-se a aplicação local de recursos públicos federais nas áreas de saúde e de educação. Para este trabalho foram aplicadas estatísticas descritivas como um primeiro critério de avaliação da relação entre transparência e irregularidades encontradas pela CGU. Os resultados iniciais mostraram que a relação é ambígua, o que pede por estudos mais profundos sobre ela. A preocupação deste estudo foi propor uma metodologia de análise da relação entre transparência e qualidade da aplicação de recursos públicos, abrindo a possibilidade de novos debates no estudo de governos locais, e não produzir conclusões robustas e definitivas sobre o tema.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Accountability, licitações, transparência, Controladoria Geral da União, governos locais.ABSTRACT This paper proposes a methodology to analyze the relationship between the transparency of public bidding procedures used by municipalities and the irregularities found in these municipalities in the reports of the Controladoria Geral da União (CGU). To this purpose, it focuses on local allocation of federal public resources in health and education. Descriptive statistics were used as a first evaluation criterion of the relation between transparency and irregularities found by the CGU. Initial results showed that the relationship is ambiguous, calling for further studies on it. The main objective of this study was to propose a methodology to analyze the relationship between transparency and quality of public spending, opening the possibility of new discussions in the study of local governments, and not to produce robust and final conclusions on this theme.KEYWORDS: Accountability, public bidding process, transparency, Controladoria Geral da União, local government.
Editorial
Authors: Martes Ana Cristina Braga , Farah Marta Ferreira Santos
Published: July 2015

Expediente e Editorial
Balanço Editorial
Authors: Prado Otavio
Published: July 2015

Balanço editorial de 2013
Gestão em Saúde: um estudo sobre Comunicação e Participação Popular no contexto de uma Organização Pública
Authors: Bretas Paula Fernandes Furbino , Ferreira Úrsula Fuscaldi , Furtado Raquel Alves
Published: July 2015

RESUMOEste artigo discute a comunicação dialógica para a criação de vínculos na relação entre organização pública e usuários. Pretende-se compreender como ocorrem os processos de comunicação, enfatizando a participação popular, diferentemente da simples adaptação mercadológica na gestão pública. A pesquisa foi feita em um Centro de Saúde de Belo Horizonte. Observou-se que a comunicação é desenvolvida a partir do modelo emissor-receptor e que há necessidade de se realizar uma comunicação dialógica, com base na troca e negociação.Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Dialógica. Participação. Gestão pública. Saúde. AbstractThis article discusses the dialogic communication that creates bonds between a public organization and its users. The aim is to understand how communication processes occur, emphasizing popular participation, which is different from the simple adaptation of business practices to public management. The research was developed at a health-care center in the city of Belo Horizonte. It was observed that the communication process there is based on the emitter-receiver model. However, dialogic communication based on exchange and negotiation should be developed. Keywords: Communication. Dialogic. Participation. Public Management. Health.
Public Administration and Corporate Social Responsibility: How the State Can Promote Better Social Bonds
Authors: Theuer Daniela
Published: July 2015

AbstractAs already formulated in the Agenda 21 in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, the development of an inclusive municipality demands joined actions between citizens, social organizations, politicians, public administration and enterprises. This paper describes the experience of the municipal administration of Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany, to promote Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). After a short presentation of the debate on CSR it shows how it is possible to create a win-win situation with business-social partnerships. The article illustrates how public administration can and should play an active role in creating, managing and coordinating CSR projects and makes suggestions on how to implement such projects at the local level in Brazil or elsewhere. The success of such a venture relies, among others, on a professional project management with both financial and political support, and a strong and participating civil society.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Public Administration, Civil Society, Social Projects, Management  Resumo Como já estabelecido na Agenda 21 da conferência Eco-92, no Rio de Janeiro, a criação de municípios inclusivos requer ações conjuntas e coordenadas entre cidadãos, organizações sociais, políticos, Administração Pública e empresas. Este artigo apresenta a experiência da Administração Pública da cidade de Rottenburg am Neckar, na Alemanha, em promover a Responsabilidade Social Empresarial (RSE). Após uma breve introdução sobre o debate em torno da RSE, demonstra-se como é possível criar uma situação favorável para ambas as partes com parcerias empresariais-sociais. O artigo mostra como a Administração Pública pode e deve ter um papel ativo em criar, administrar e coordenar projetos de RSE. Ao longo do texto, apresentam-se sugestões de como implementar projetos dessa natureza na prática em municípios, seja no Brasil ou em outras localidades. O sucesso depende, entre outros fatores, de uma gestão profissionalizada com apoio político e financeiro, assim como de uma sociedade civil fortalecida e participativa. Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, Administração Pública, Sociedade Civil, Projetos Sociais, Gestão Pública.
Reformas Territoriales en España y Portugal. ¿Necesidad o Imposición?
Authors: Pineda Nebot Carmen
Published: July 2015

ResumoDesde o início do período democrático, e inclusive dantes, tanto em Portugal como em Espanha tem existido um forte debate sobre a necessidade de reformas territoriais; reformas que, em general, têm tido um sucesso muito parcial. A diferença é que agora são vistas como uma medida "necessária" para superar a grave crise econômica que vivem os países europeus, aparecendo como contrapartida exigida por "Europa" às ajudas econômicas que se realizam aos Estados Membros em dificuldades (Grécia, Irlanda, Portugal, Itália e Espanha) e que têm devido ser "resgatados" ou "vigiados".Neste artigo analisam-se a cada um das medidas tomadas pelos governos de Portugal e Espanha para reformar o mundo local, desde uma metodologia comparativa e com a vantagem de sua fundamentación no duplo enfoque politológico e jurídico que a formação da autora permite contribuir.Palavras-chaves: Reformas territoriais, crise econômica, governos locais, concorrências, democracia.
Certificações públicas concedidas às organizações da sociedade civil no Brasil. Entre dimensões normativas e complexidades contextuais
Authors: Fagundes Luíza Ribeiro , Silva Victor Augusto Araújo , Silva Carlos Eduardo Guerra
Published: July 2015

RESUMOEste estudo analisa as dimensões normativas das certificações concedidas pelo Estado às organizações da sociedade civil que atuam em prol do interesse público, assim como explora concisamente as complexidades contextuais que as permeiam na contemporaneidade. São abordadas as seguintes certificações em âmbito federal: Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (Oscip), Utilidade Pública Federal (UPF) e Certificado de Entidade Beneficente de Assistência Social (Cebas). Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e documental, com base, principalmente, na análise de legislações e de relatórios científicos e governamentais sobre o tema. Ao prover um panorama normativo-contextual sobre as certificações, o estudo encontra aplicação prático-reflexiva para estudiosos, profissionais e outros interessados nas organizações da sociedade civil. Tendo em vista que o projeto de lei que trata de um alternativo instrumento legal nas relações entre Estado e organizações da sociedade civil – o Termo de Fomento e Colaboração – está próximo de ser aprovado sob a égide de um novo marco regulatório, consequências são esperadas para o atual sistema de certificações, foco deste estudo.Palavras-chave: Organizações da sociedade civil, Estado, Certificações públicas.
O direito nas políticas públicas urbanas e habitacionais: o uso de instrumentos urbanísticos no município de Santo André, São Paulo
Authors: Coutinho Diogo R. , Marques Juliana N. , Moretti Julia Azevedo , Pacheco Marcelo G. , Rozo Fernanda F.G.
Published: July 2015

ResumoAdotando categorias de análise pelas quais o direito pode ser entendido como objetivo, ferramenta ou arranjo institucional de políticas públicas, o trabalho descreve as experiências de implementação de instrumentos urbanísticos no município paulista de Santo André durante o período de 1988-2010. De acordo com as diferentes "visões de cidade" adotadas pelos gestores locais, três fases distintas são analisadas com o objetivo de identificar percalços, rupturas, continuidades, gargalos e inovações e, do ponto de vista metodológico, explorar a dimensão aplicada do arcabouço jurídico no cotidiano da gestão pública.Palavras-chave: política pública urbana, direito urbanístico, políticas habitacionais, instrumentos urbanísticos, Estatuto da Cidade.
Agentes de implementação: uma forma de análise de políticas públicas
Authors: Lotta Gabriela Spanghero
Published: July 2015

ResumoEste artigo tem como foco a análise da implementação das políticas públicas e dos burocratas implementadores. Considerando que a forma como as políticas são implementadas altera os resultados, o objetivo aqui é apresentar uma nova perspectiva analítica sobre essa questão. Para tanto, são observadas as formas de execução adotadas pelos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, que são os implementadores do Programa Saúde da Família. O levantamento delas é construído a partir do olhar das práticas adotadas, do exercício da discricionariedade e das formas de interação que os burocratas adotam com usuários e outros profissionais dessas políticas. Por fim, avançamos na discussão de como ampliar os estudos de implementação, incorporando novos olhares que permitam compreender a complexidade desse processo.Palavras-chave: Políticas públicas, Implementação, Burocratas, Política de saúde, Burocracia de nível de rua.
Participação, deliberação e políticas públicas: a dinâmica das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde Mental.
Authors: Moreira Tábata
Published: July 2015

O artigo analisa a dinâmica das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde Mental com o intuito de compreender o papel da participação da sociedade civil no processo de formação de agenda do Poder Legislativo. A luz do arcabouço teórico sobre participação social e governança buscou-se analisar as conferências enquanto instituições participativas.  O artigo também explorou a importância das conferências nacionais na redefinição das relações entre sociedade civil e Estado e, na formulação de diretrizes para as políticas públicas em âmbito federal.
Case Report: Severe acute respiratory distress by tracheal obstruction due to a congenital thyroid teratoma.
Authors: Colleti Junior Jose , Tannuri Uenis , Monti Lora Felipe , Armelin Benites Eliana Carla , Koga Walter , Honda Imamura Janete , Rute Moutinho Patricia , Brunow de Carvalho Werther
Published: July 2015

Congenital teratoma is a rare condition and is a germ cell tumor composed of elements from one or more of the embryonic germ layers and contain tissues usually foreign to the anatomic site of origin. We report a case of a neck tumor diagnosed during pregnancy, initially thought to be a goiter. After birth the neck mass kept growing until it compressed the trachea and produced respiratory failure. The infant had a difficult tracheal intubation because of the compressing mass. The staff decided to surgically remove the neck mass. After that, the infant became eupneic. The histological analysis showed a mature teratoma with no atypias.
A case of forming chaotic attractors in cutting dynamic system
Authors: Zakovorotny Vilor Lavrentyevich , Gubanova Alexandra Anatolyevna , Khristoforova Veronika Vladimirovna
Published: July 2015

The conditions under which the chaotic dynamics is formed during the materials processing by cutting are analyzed. In the previous studies, in case of loss of sta-bility of the cutting process, limit cycles or invariant tori are generated in the neighborhood of the equilibrium system. Contrastingly to these studies, the case when the tool properties are such that a nonlinear positive feed-back is formed by flexural deformations is considered. A mathematical system model is provided for this case. On the basis of the numerical simulation, using the MATLAB application program package, the dynamic model parameters effect is explored under the conditions of the chaotic dynamics formation. The research results show that with increasing the parameters characterizing the formation of a positive feedback, the system undergoes a series of period-doubling bifurcations in the system of strange attractors. They are located in the vicinity of the equilibrium points and have a limited area. It is shown that the tool chaotic oscillations lead to the chaotic work surface forming, therefore, in the application sector, it is necessary to choose the parameters under which the chaotic dynamics is not formed. Although the considered examples relate to the cutting process, the obtained results are of general validity for the dynamic systems interacting with various environments, for example, with a tribological environment.
Effect of copper nanoclusters on the tribological properties of steel-steel friction pair in alcohol aqueous solutions
Authors: Burlakova Victoria Eduardovna , Kosogova Yulia Pavlovna , Drogan Ekaterina Gennadyevna
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the alcohol atomicity on the self-organizing control capability in order to achieve the wearlessness effect in the friction pair of steel-steel. The copper-containing lubricant compositions are prepared in the electrolysis of the aqueous solutions of polyatomic alcohols with a copper anode in the ultrasonic field (complex processing). The laboratory testing of the tribological behavior of the lubricating compositions is carried out on four-ball machine using balls of SH-15 steel according to GOST 9490-75. Tribological properties of steel-steel friction pair are studied on the front friction machine AE-5. The copper particle size is defined by the sedimentation analysis method using the disk centrifuge of CPS Disc Centrifuge Model DC 24000 brand in the aqueous solutions of polyatomic alcohols. The topographic studies of the nanocluster metal structures are performed with the scanning probe microscope (SPM) Solver P 47 H in the semi-contact mode of the atomic force microscopy (AFM). The topographic investigations of a servovit film are conducted with the use of the scanning atomic force and power microscope of Compact AFM PHYWE . It is shown that the time increment of the integrated processing of a water-alcohol mixture leads to the strengthening of the antiwear properties of lubricant compositions. Increasing alcohol atomicity facilitates the implementation of the selective transfer, thus reducing wear and the transition time in the wearlessness mode. The resulting molecular ligand copper clusters with an average size of 25 nm are characterized by high uniformity. Thus, the friction track represents rather ironed surface with low roughness.
The estimation of fuzzy boundary of multioperational machine tool life
Authors: Tugengold Andrey Kirillovich , Shuchev Konstantin Grigoryevich , Izyumov Andrey Igorevich , Terekhov Dmitry Yuryevich
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this paper is to present the basic principles of the construction and operation of monitoring systems of the tool condition, and the machine tooling backup man-agement in the computer-aided manufacturing. The proposed approach is focused on creating conditions for the effective tool state management. For this, the application of the intelligent host control module on the basis of the interactive electronic technical documentation of the mechatronic technological object is proposed. Valuation principles of the tool life fuzzy boundary are fully considered on the basis of the of fuzzy knowledge theory. Three methods for estimating the parameters of the resistance fuzzy boundary are presented. A neural network which operates on the basis of the developed fuzzy prediction rule base of the cutting tool wear depending on the instrument status and its impact on the part cutting accuracy is built. The results obtained are applicable in the sphere of the industrial engineering.
Simulation of wheel angular movement dynamic impact on vehicle bouncing
Authors: Lapshin Victor Petrovich , Kravets Vitaly Sergeyevich , Konev Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: July 2015

As the subject of work, are mathematical mod-els that reflect the dynamics of vertical move-ment of the vehicle, taking into account the nonlinear transformation of the angular motion of the wheel in the forward movement of the center of mass of the wheel, the contact wheel and the road. The article provides a synthesis of models, reflecting the dynamics of vertical os-cillations of the vehicle. The difference of the present model from existing consists in taking into account the dynamics of angular motion, resulting in a model associated with the state coordinates the angular motion of the wheel. The aim of this work was to increase the effec-tiveness of the management of modern vehi-cles, so in addition to the synthesis model, the example analysis of the dynamics of a specific vehicle which was organized by the contempo-rary pas-passenger electric locomotive EP. The output of the analysis phase portraits reflecting the dynamics of the vertical motion of the cen-ter of mass of the wheel and the phase portrait, reflecting the dynamics of vertical oscillations of the body. In General, the obtained results allow to make infer-ence about the connectivity of the dynamics of vertical and angular move-ment in the TRANS-tailor the tool and, as a consequence, the effect of the rate of angular movement in the area of wheel contact with the road (rail). As the field of application of the results, see the synthesis of control systems of vehicles, taking into account the revealed relat-edness.
Water rise in the xylem of plants with tracheidal conductance
Authors: Kipnis Iosif Anshelevich , Vernigorov Yury Mikhaylovich
Published: July 2015

The work objective is a water movement modeling in the plant xylem allowing for the hydraulic loss on a single bordered pit torus, as well as on the pore population. However, as it follows from a number of publications, root pressure is not a mechanism providing water rising in plants. A model representation is based on the assumption that the main reason for rising water in plants is the surface tension in the meniscus of the xylem capillary. At this, it is necessary to take into account the xylem structure features of the needle-leaved and broadleaved trees. The equation to calculate the water rise in the xylem capillary of plants with tracheidal conductance is derived with account for the anatomy structure of the tracheids and bordered pores. The equation allows determining the change in the hydraulic losses in the movement of water through a single bordered pore and through the pore population taking into account the orientation of the latter. The model allows calculating the height of the water rise in the xylem capillary. It is shown that an increase in the diameter of the tracheid cavity and in the diameters of the bordered pore and torus, ceteris paribus leads to the rising of the hydraulic losses.
Carton-Mix Optimization for Walmart.com Distribution Centers
Authors: Ahire Sanjay L. , Malhotra Manoj K. , Jensen John B.
Published: July 2015

Walmart’s Internet shopping business has grown considerably since 2006. To effectively and efficiently serve this business model, Walmart launched distribution centers (DCs) in the United States; these DCs focus on fulfilling orders placed online at the Walmart.com website. The Carrollton, Georgia distribution center (CDC) handles a significant portion of the volume of products shipped directly to customers and stores for customer pickup. In spring 2011, the CDC executed a focused cost-improvement project to optimize its carton mix, defined as the sizes of the shipping cartons that can be erected using automation or built manually. The goals of this project were to develop a process to create an optimal mix of carton sizes to reduce shipping, material, and labor costs of conveyable orders, and improve customer satisfaction. Working in close coordination with CDC managers and Walmart’s corporate supply chain team, we developed an Excel-based solution algorithm to determine the optimal carton sizes for four automated and six manual carton sizes. Walmart has fully implemented this solution algorithm into a decision support system for reconfiguring the carton mix at the CDC. The company has certified order-fulfillment cost savings of $600,000 per year and has projected annual cost savings of $2 million across the entire Walmart.com network.
Geochemical legacies and the future health of cities: A tale of two neurotoxins in urban soils
Authors: Filippelli Gabriel M. , Risch Martin , Laidlaw Mark A.S. , Nichols Deborah E. , Crewe Julie
Published: July 2015

The past and future of cities are inextricably linked, a linkage that can be seen clearly in the long-term impacts of urban geochemical legacies. As loci of population as well as the means of employment and industry to support these populations, cities have a long history of co-locating contaminating practices and people, sometimes with negative implications for human health. Working at the intersection between environmental processes, communities, and human health is critical to grapple with environmental legacies and to support healthy, sustainable, and growing urban populations. An emerging area of environmental health research is to understand the impacts of chronic exposures and exposure mixtures—these impacts are poorly studied, yet may pose a significant threat to population health.

Acute exposure to lead (Pb), a powerful neurotoxin to which children are particularly susceptible, has largely been eliminated in the U.S. and other countries through policy-based restrictions on leaded gasoline and lead-based paints. But the legacy of these sources remains in the form of surface soil Pb contamination, a common problem in cities and one that has only recently emerged as a widespread chronic exposure mechanism in cities. Some urban soils are also contaminated with another neurotoxin, mercury (Hg). The greatest human exposure to Hg is through fish consumption, so eating fish caught in urban areas presents risks for toxic Hg exposure. The potential double impact of chronic exposure to these two neurotoxins is pronounced in cities. Overall, there is a paradigmatic shift from reaction to and remediation of acute exposures towards a more nuanced understanding of the dynamic cycling of persistent environmental contaminants with resultant widespread and chronic exposure of inner-city dwellers, leading to chronic toxic illness and disability at substantial human and social cost.
The role of dance movement psychotherapy for expression and integration of the self in palliative care
Authors: Woolf Sarah , Fisher Pam
Published: July 2015

Aim:

To explore clients' experiences of dance movement psychotherapy (DMP) in a day hospice setting.

Background:

DMP is a creative arts therapy, enabling people to use movement to express themselves and promote physical, emotional, social and spiritual wellbeing. This is the first known research about DMP in palliative care in the UK.

Methods:

A case study approach explored four clients' experiences of DMP in depth.

Results:

Participants' ill bodies had become obstacles to them expressing their sense of self. The safe therapeutic conditions, gentle movement, music, words and props in DMP enabled them to express interconnected physical and emotional pain and loss of sense of self. DMP enabled them to reintegrate with their estranged bodies, releasing tension by expressing themselves as a whole person.

Conclusion:

Wider practice of DMP could relieve holistic pain by enabling people with terminal illnesses to express a complete sense of who they are as a human being.
Factors associated with acute care use among nursing home residents dying of cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Bainbridge Daryl , Seow Hsien , Sussman Jonathan , Pond Gregory
Published: July 2015

Background:

Little is known about residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities who die of cancer. The authors examined factors among this cohort prognostic of greater acute care use to identify areas for improving support in LTC.

Methods:

The authors used administrative data representing all cancer decedents in Ontario, Canada, who had been living in LTC. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of covariates to having an emergency department (ED) visit in the last 6 months of life or to death in hospital.

Results:

Among the 1196 LTC residents in the study cohort, 61% had visited an ED in the last 6 months of life and 20% had died in hospital. Cancer type, income, gender, time in LTC and rural location were not strong predictors of the acute care outcomes. However, certain comorbidities, being younger and region of residence significantly increased the odds of an ED visit and/or hospital death (all P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Determining the characteristics of LTC patients more likely to access acute care services can help to inform interventions that avoid costly and potentially adverse transfers to hospital. The study of cancer patients in LTC represents a starting point for clarifying the potential of specialised palliative care nursing and other support that is often lacking in these facilities.
Politics and palliative care Puerto Rico
Authors: Smyth Dion
Published: July 2015

Dion Smyth's review of the internet for palliative nursing
Length of professional education of paramedics and nurses at community colleges in the Northeast United States
Authors: Phelps Scott
Published: July 2015

Aim

To determine if the professional bodies of knowledge of paramedics and nurses are roughly equivalent for each discipline at the point of primary licensure.

Methods

A list was compiled of all paramedic education programmes in the Northeast US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Each programme was then surveyed to identify those institutions that offered college credit for their paramedic education programme and also had an associate's degree nursing programme. Northeast paramedic education programmes that were not accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs were then identified that offered college credit for their paramedic education programme and also had an associate's degree nursing programme.

Results

In total, 23 colleges in the Northeast United States had both paramedic and registered nursing education programmes offered for college credit. Paramedic education required a mean of 41 credits compared to a mean of 37 credits for nursing education.

Conclusions

While paramedics are less likely to have a college degree than registered nurses, their specific professional education programmes are equivalent. Further research is required to establish if the paramedic body of knowledge is both deep and complex enough that it is unsafe for non-paramedic registered nurses to be functioning in the pre-hospital environment.
Crisis, precariedad y desigualdad de género en España y en Italia
Authors: Alcañiz Mercedes
Published: July 2015

La crisis de 2008 ha precarizado el mercado laboral de España e Italia, mediante medidas de flexibilización así como reduciendo las políticas de cuidado y ayudas familiares. El objetivo del presente artículo se centra en comparar a las mujeres italianas y españolas desde la perspectiva de la precariedad y la desigualdad, mediante la utilización de datos secundarios obtenidos de fuentes oficiales europeas y estatales. Los resultados manifiestan diferencias entre las mujeres españolas y las italianas basadas por una parte, en la estructura económica y laboral existente en cada uno de los estados y por otra, en la mayor o menor presencia de las relaciones de género tradicionales.
On the Impossibility of Fair Risk Allocation
Authors: Csóka Péter , Pintér Miklós
Published: July 2015

Allocating risk properly to subunits is crucial for performance evaluation and internal capital allocation of portfolios held by banks, insurance companies, investment funds and other entities subject to financial risk. We show that by using coherent measures of risk it is impossible to allocate risk satisfying simultaneously the natural game theoretical requirements of Core Compatibility and Strong Monotonicity. To obtain the result we characterize the Shapley value on the class of totally balanced games and also on the class of exact games as being the only risk allocation method satisfying Strong Monotonicity, Equal Treatment Property and Efficiency. Moreover, we clarify and interpret the related game theoretical requirements that have appeared in the literature so far and have been applied to risk allocation.
Role of gadolinium(III) complex in improving thermal stability of polythiophene composite
Authors: Rafiqi Ferooze Ahmad , Majid Kowsar
Published: July 2015

This paper involves the preparation of polythiophene (PTP) and its composite by the oxidative polymerisation method by using ferric chloride as an oxidant and thiophene monomer. The gadolinium( III) complex obtained by the refluxing technique was used as dopant in the PTP matrix. On the basis of the spectroscopic characterisation, seven-coordinate geometry is proposed for the complex. Conductance measurement confirms the non-selectrolyte nature of complex. The PTP and its composite were subjected to FTIR, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope techniques. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern showed the high crystalline nature of the complex which in turn developed a good degree of crystallinity in the PTP composite. The average particle size was calculated as 4.655 ˚A and 3.737 ˚A for the dopant and PTP composite, respectively, by using Debye Scherrer’s equation. Thermal analysis was performed by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The TG, DTA and DSC results were well-correlated. The thermal analysis revealed the high thermal stability of the dopant which in turn improved the thermal stability of the PTP composite, revealing the potential of the composite for high temperature applications.
Coaxial conducting polymer nanotubes: polypyrrole nanotubes coated with polyaniline or poly(p-phenylenediamine) and products of their carbonisation
Authors: Stejskal Jaroslav , Sapurina Irina , Trchová Miroslava , Šeděnková Ivana , Kovářová Jana , Kopecká Jitka , Prokeš Jan
Published: July 2015

Polypyrrole nanotubes were prepared by the oxidation of pyrrole with iron(III) chloride in a reaction mixture containing methyl orange. They were subsequently coated with polyaniline or poly(p-phenylenediamine) in situ during the oxidation of respective monomers in their presence. A part of the coaxial nanotubes was deprotonated using ammonia solution. The conductivity of polypyrrole nanotubes of 60 S cm
Mechanical strain affects some microRNA profiles in pre-oeteoblasts.
Authors: Wang Yang , Zou Xianqiong , Guo Yong , Wang Lu , Liu Yongming , Zeng Qiangcheng , Zhang Xizheng
Published: July 2015

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation and function. Mechanical strain is an essential factor for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. A previous study revealed that a physiological mechanical tensile strain of 2500 microstrain (με) at 0.5 Hz applied once a day for 1 h over 3 consecutive days promoted osteoblast differentiation. However, the mechanoresponsive miRNAs of these osteoblasts were not identified. In this study, we applied the same mechanical tensile strain to in vitro cultivated mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts and identified the mechanoresponsive miRNAs. Using miRNA microarray and qRT-PCR assays, the expression patterns of miRNAs were evaluated and 5 of them were found to be significantly different between the mechanical loading group and the control group: miR-3077-5p, 3090-5p and 3103-5p were significantly upregulated and miR-466i-3p and 466h-3p were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed possible target genes for these differentially expressed miRNAs. Some target genes correlated with osteoblast differentiation. These findings indicated that the mechanical strain changed the expression levels of these miRNAs. This might be a potential regulator of osteoblast differentiation and responses to mechanical strain.
Antioxidant activity of various lignins and lignin-related phenylpropanoid units with high and low molecular weight
Authors: Ponomarenko Jevgenija , Lauberts Maris , Dizhbite Tatiana , Lauberte Liga , Jurkjane Vilhelmina , Telysheva Galina
Published: July 2015

The antioxidant activities (AoAs) of 50 different technical lignins have been determined. The lignins of various botanical origins (annual plants, coniferous trees, and deciduous trees) were isolated and fractionated by different techniques (delignification by alkali, kraft process, fast pyrolysis, and hydrolysis). The structure and the functionality of lignins were characterized by functional group analyses (phenolic OH, carboxyl, and methoxyl groups), analytical pyrolysis pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/flame ionization detector (Py-GC/MS/FID), electron paramagnetic resonance, size exclusion chromatography, and titrimetric methods, and the AoAs were evaluated as the capacity to scavenge the DPPH· and ABTS·+ free radicals. The relationship between the lignin structure and the AoA was characterized by pair correlation, partial correlation, and multivariate regression analyses, including correlated components regression. The results were compared with those of lignin model compounds and low molecular weight phenylpropanoids. It has been shown that molecular weight does not influence essentially the AoA of lignins. There is a relationship between the activities of low and high molecular weight polyphenols; their mechanisms of action are also similar. The structure-related AoA of lignins has been quantified for the first time.
Chemical improvement of surfaces. Part 4: Significantly enhanced hydrophobicity of wood by covalent modification with p-silyl-functionalized benzoates
Authors: Kaldun Christian , Dahle Sebastian , Maus-Friedrichs Wolfgang , Namyslo Jan C. , Kaufmann Dieter E.
Published: July 2015

One aim of this work was the chemical modification of surfaces of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood veneer chips by covalently bonded substances for improved hydrophobicity. The durable attachment of organosilyl moieties to the surface was in focus. Several benzotriazolyl-activated p-silylated benzoic acid derivatives were applied to the esterification of OH groups at different temperatures and reaction times. The reactions resulted in weight percent gains from 8% to 43% and corresponding quantities of covalently bonded organomaterials of 0.3–2.1 mmol g-1 wood. The hydrophobicity was significantly increased as indicated by contact angles from 121° to 142°. All modified wood samples were analyzed by attenuated total reflection-infrared, contact angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Crystal structure of catena-Poly[bis(µ2-2,4-dihydroxybenzoato-κ3O1,O1':O2)-(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N')lead(II)], C28H22N2O8Pb
Authors: Guo Li-Bing , Xian Dong , Tang Jun-Ming
Published: July 2015

C28H22N2O8Pb, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 18.691(2) Å, b = 12.611(1) Å, c = 11.092(1) Å, V = 2614.7 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0220, wRref(F2) = 0.0671, T = 296 K.
Krótki wykład o muzyce XX wieku. Kompendium dydaktyczne / A Short Lecture on Twentieth-Century Music. A Teaching Compendium
Authors: Jasiński Tomasz
Published: July 2015

The article is a comprehensive presentation of the history of music in the twentieth century, taking into account the main trends and phenomena of this period, inter alia impressionism, expressionism, neoclassicism, dodecaphony, punctualism, and total serialism, then avant-garde solutions and pluralism after World War Two (inter alia electronic music, concrete music (musique concrète), graphic music, aleatoric music, open forms, instrumental theater, minimal music), and finally the most recent trends (e.g. spectral music, new complexity, polystylistics), including a clearly marked return to the Romantic tradition. The chronologically presented discourse includes opinions that concisely explain some compositional solutions, as well as the list of composers and the titles of their works that exemplifi ed the problems discussed. The paper ends with the thoughts on the future of music in the new, twenty-first century.

The article is meant as teaching material for the arts and humanities programs.
Wetting properties of biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) with synthetic surfactants mixtures in the context of soil remediation
Authors: Hallmann Elżbieta , Mędrzycka Krystyna
Published: July 2015

Wetting properties of synthetic surfactant Rokanol NL6, biosurfactant JBR 425 and their mixture have been investigated. On the basis of these investigations, the ability of used surfactants to remove the synthetic base oil (PAO6) from sandy soil and clay loam was evaluated. Surfactant solutions were applied for soil flushing in batch experiments. The results show that synthetic surfactant addition worsens physicochemical properties of pure biosurfactant but exhibits much higher oil removal efficiency than biosurfactant does.
Assessment of the Splash on the Foothill Slope (Flysch Carpathians, Bystrzanka Catchment) / Ocena wielkości rozbryzgu gleby na stoku pogórskim (Karpaty fliszowe, zlewnia Bystrzanki)
Authors: Kijowska-Strugała Małgorzata , Kiszka Krzysztof
Published: July 2015

The article presents the results of the splash on the experimental plots on the foothill slope (with gradient 11°) with a black fallow and meadows and also plots on the foodplain with black fallow. The study was based on funnels method. The analysis of the results of research conducted from May to August 2012 showed that the size of the splash mainly depends on the kinetic energy of rain and gradient. Moreover, the splash on black fallow exceeds even 95 times the splash in the plots with meadow and 20 times in the floodplain plots without vegetation. Soil particles on the slope are moved to a maximum height of 40 cm down the slope and about 30 cm up the slope, mainly during high intensity rainfall. Furthermore, the sand grains are more easily thrown by splash than clay material
Life Level of the Population in Lviv Region, Ukraine: Diagnosis of the Present Situation / Poziom życia ludności obwodu lwowskiego na Ukrainie: diagnoza stanu
Authors: Petrovska Myrosława , Pantylej Wiktoria
Published: July 2015

The categories of living conditions, life level and life quality as well as different approaches towards integral estimation of life level are analyzed in the article. Statistical estimation of life level in Lviv region of Ukraine is based on environmental, social, health, and demographic indices. The classification of administrative districts of Lviv region according to living conditions is done based on the estimation of the average indices in Ukraine and on integral estimation stimulant and destimulant indexes
On pseudo-BCI-algebras
Authors: Dymek Grzegorz
Published: July 2015

The notion of normal pseudo-BCI-algebras is studied and some characterizations of it are given. Extensions of pseudo-BCI-algebras are also considered.
The natural transformations between T-th order prolongation of tangent and cotangent bundles over Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Plaszczyk Mariusz
Published: July 2015

If (M,g) is a Riemannian manifold then there is the well-known base preserving vector bundle isomorphism TM → T* M given by v → g(v,−) between the tangent TM and the cotangent T* M bundles of M. In the present note first we generalize this isomorphism to the one J
Cell cycle‐dependent ubiquitylation and destruction of NDE1 by CDK5‐FBW7 regulates ciliary length
Authors: Maskey Dipak , Marlin Matthew Caleb , Kim Seokho , Kim Sehyun , Ong E‐Ching , Li Guangpu , Tsiokas Leonidas
Published: July 2015

Primary cilia start forming within the G1 phase of the cell cycle and continue to grow as cells exit the cell cycle (G0). They start resorbing when cells re‐enter the cell cycle (S phase) and are practically invisible in mitosis. The mechanisms by which cilium biogenesis and disassembly are coupled to the cell cycle are complex and not well understood. We previously identified the centrosomal phosphoprotein NDE1 as a negative regulator of ciliary length and showed that its levels inversely correlate with ciliogenesis. Here, we identify the tumor suppressor FBW7 (also known as FBXW7, CDC4, AGO, or SEL‐10) as the E3 ligase that mediates the destruction of NDE1 upon entry into G1. CDK5, a kinase active in G1/G0, primes NDE1 for FBW7‐mediated recognition. Cells depleted of FBW7 or CDK5 show enhanced levels of NDE1 and a reduction in ciliary length, which is corrected in cells depleted of both FBW7 or CDK5 and NDE1. These data show that cell cycle‐dependent mechanisms can control ciliary length through a CDK5‐FBW7‐NDE1 pathway.
Publishing Croatian scientific journals
Authors: Hebrang Grgić Ivana
Published: July 2015

Electronic environment offers new possibilities for publishing research results in scientific journals – linking to other digital documents; connecting documents with their newer (or older) versions; publishing video/audio recordings, high resolution photos or 3D models; publishing in open access; controlling quality by open peer-review, etc. The results of research on Croatian scientific journals (from all scientific fields, all published in open access on Hrčak, the central portal of Croatian scientific journals) show that all journals, except one, publish articles as PDF files. Approximately one fourth of the journals use automated publishing systems. Majority of the journals publish active links to authors’ e-mail addresses and some of them publish active links to online sources in the reference lists. Linking higher resolution photographs, tables or charts is not common practice in Croatian journals. In spite of the significant number of Croatian scientific electronic journals, their content is still static, not enriched by various possibilities offered by new technologies.
4-IPP, a selective MIF inhibitor, causes mitotic catastrophe in thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Varinelli Luca , Caccia Dario , Volpi Chiara C , Caccia Claudio , De Bortoli Maida , Taverna Elena , Gualeni Ambra V , Leoni Valerio , Gloghini Annunziata , Manenti Giacomo , Bongarzone Italia
Published: July 2015

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is over-expressed in several human neoplastic cells. When MIF binds its receptor (CD74) and co-receptor (CD44), it initiates signaling cascades that orchestrate cell proliferation and survival, and it can directly modulate the activity of AMPK. These activities indicate that MIF potentially regulates cell survival and metabolism. We found that MIF was primarily co-expressed with CD74 in 16 out of 23 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and in all the 27 available anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) biopsy samples. MIF and CD74 were co-expressed in TPC-1 and HTC-C3 cell lines. The selective MIF inhibitor, 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine (4-IPP), blocked MIF/CD74 internalization, activated JNK, and dose-dependently inhibited proliferation inducing apoptosis and mitotic cell death. In two CD74-negative cell lines, NIM-1 and K1, 4-IPP treatment partially reduced proliferation. Coordinated MIF and CD74 expression appeared to confer in tumor cells the plasticity necessary to escape cell cycle regulation, metabolic changes, and stress conditions. MIF/CD74 signaling removal made cells susceptible to apoptosis and mitotic cell death. This finding suggests a possible avenue for targeting DNA endoreduplication, thus preventing the proliferation of therapy-resistant cell subpopulations. This study highlights MIF/CD74 axis as an important player in the biology of aggressive thyroid neoplasms.