bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN DINAS PERHUBUNGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN PERPARKIRAN GUNA MENINGKATKAN RETRIBUSI PARKIR DI KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Akbar Rozy , Hardjati Susi
Published: August 2024

In running a regional government, of course, costs or budgets are needed so that the government functions can run. Parking fees have a potential opportunity to become a contributor to regional revenue as well as APBD if it can be managed properly. Some people think that parking fees are the same as parking taxes. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the transportation agency in parking management in order to increase parking fees in Gresik Regency. This research method is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was obtained from interviews, observation, literature review and documentation. The results of the study show that the Department of Transportation in managing parking has an important role in increasing parking fees in Gresik Regency. With the efforts made by the Gresik Regency transportation service with all its policies, regional income in the Gresik Regency parking retribution sector has increased.Dalam menjalankan suatu pemerintah daerah tentu diperlukan biaya atau anggaran agar fungsi pemerintahan tersebut dapat berjalan. Retribusi parkir memiliki peluang yang cukup potensial untuk menjadi penyumbang dalam penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah sekaligus APBD apabila dapat dikelola dengan baik. Sebagian masyarakat mengira bahwa retribusi parkir sama dengan pajak parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran dinas perhubungan dalam pengelolaan perparkiran guna meningkatkan retribusi parkir di Kabupaten Gresik. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari wawancara, observasi, kajian literatur dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinas perhubungan dalam mengelola perparkiran memiliki peranan penting guna meningkatkan retribusi parkir di Kabupaten Gresik. Dengan upaya – upaya yang dilakukan oleh dinas perhubungan Kabupaten Gresik dengan segala kebijakannya menjadikan pendapatan daerah  di sektor retribusi parkir Kabupaten Gresik meningkat.
ANALISIS PERAN BANK SAMPAH HAPAKAT HATANTIRING DESA LUWUK KANAN SEBAGAI BENTUK PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN
Authors: Imut Dea , Riyanti Nova
Published: August 2024

Waste banks are waste handling places available in Indonesia to help deal with common problems that occur due to waste. In this activity, the more people from Luwuk Kanan village participate, the more waste management at the Hapakat Hatantiring waste bank can develop. The aim of this research is to analyzethe role of the Hapakat Hatantiring waste bank in Luwuk Kanan village as a form of community participation in waste management. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection through Observation,Iinterviews, Documentation. From the research results, it is known that commonity participation is still lacking, this can be seen from the fact that only a few people who are classified as elderly and school children partisipate in managing waste at the Hapakat Hatantiring waste bank Luwuk Kanan village. This is due to a lack of education from the waste bank to the community about the importanceof participating in waste management. The Hapakat Hatanting waste bank can collect approximately 20-30 Kg of waste in 1 week. However this activity is still not optimal because it is limited by implementation time which is only carriedout once a week. The Hapakat Hatantiring waste bank’s suggestion is to increase its operational hours two to three times a week so that the role of the waste bank can be more optimal and the waste bank management can educate the public about the importance of  participating in waste bank management.  Bank sampah adalah tempat penanganan sampah yang tersedia di indonesia dalam membantu menangani permasalahan umum yang terjadi akibat sampah. Dalam kegiatan ini semakin banyak masyarakat desa Luwuk Kanan ikut berpartisipasi maka dapat semakin berkembang pula pengelolaan sampah pada bank sampah Hapakat Hatantiring. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran dari bank sampah Hapakat Hatantiring desa Luwuk Kanan sebagai bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui partisipasi dari masyarakat masih kurang hal ini dilihat dari hanya beberapa orang yang tergolong lansia dan anak-anak sekolah saja yang ikut berpartisipasi dalam mengelola sampah pada bank sampah Hapakat Hatantiring desa Luwuk Kanan. Hal ini karena kurang nya edukasi dari pihak bank sampah pada masyarakat akan penting nya ikut serta berpartisipasi dalam pengelolaan sampah. Bank sampah Hapakat  Hatantiring dapat mengumpulkan kurang lebih sekitar 25-30 Kg sampah dalam 1 minggu. Namun kegiatan ini masih belum optimal karena terkendala waktu pelaksanaan yang hanya dilakukan sekali seminggu. Saran Bank sampah Hapakat Hatantiring menambah waktu operasional 2 sampai 3 kali dalam seminggu agar peran dari bank sampah dapat lebih optimal dan pihak pengelola bank sampah dapat melakukan edukasi pada masyarakat tentang pentingnya ikut berpartisipasi dalam pengeloaan bank sampah.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENATAAN DAN STRATEGI INOVASI PENERTIBAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA KOTA JAYAPURA
Authors: Sawir Muhammad , Idris Muhammad Farid
Published: August 2024

The Jayapura City Government has carried out various activities to regulate and control street vendors in the city. These efforts have had an impact on reducing conflict between the Civil Service Police Unit and street vendors. This shows that the city government has to some extent met the expectations of street vendors. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of policies regarding street vendors in Jayapura City. The research was conducted in Jayapura City, with street vendor informants. Data is collected through observations, interviews and document studies, and analyzed and finally draws conclusions. Research findings show that the implementation of structuring and controlling street vendors in Jayapura City began with regional regulation number 14 of 2001. In addition, street vendors believe that policy implementation focuses more on structuring rather than controlling. The city government has succeeded in creating a clean, orderly, beautiful, comfortable and safe environment for street vendors' businesses. They have also established integrated arrangements for street vendors that are in line with sustainable spatial planning, while increasing community participation in organizing and coaching them. However, it was found that this policy was still unable to improve welfare through developing informal sector trading activities for street vendors.
TESİS YERLEŞİM PLANI İYİLEŞTİRMESİNİN FİZİKSEL RİSK ETMENLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Tenk Rıdvan , Öztürk Fatih
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin konusu olan fiziksel risklerin tesis yerleşim planı iyileştirme projesi sırasında nasıl değerlendirilebileceği ve yapılan iyileştirmelerin proje öncesinde ve sonrasındaki etkileri üzerine incelemeler yapılmıştır. Tesis yerleşim planı, üretkenlik ve verimlilik için büyük önem taşıyan bir konudur. Makinelerin yerleşimleri ve çalışanların tesis içindeki organizasyonu verimlilik ve üretkenliğe doğrudan etki eder. Planlama yapılması sırasında makinelerin yerleşimlerinin yanı sıra çalışanların yeni düzende iş güvenliğinin ve memnuniyetinin de sağlanması gereklidir. İyileştirme projesi daha etkin bir organizasyon için makine yerleşimlerinin, bölümlerin ve altyapının değiştirilmesi anlamına gelir. Değişim sırasında yeni durumdaki İSG gereklilikleri ve mevcut riskler göz önünde bulundurularak iyileştirmelerin buna göre yapılması önemlidir. Tesis fiziksel koşullarından, aydınlatma, döşeme, kapı ve pencereler, yürüyüş yolları, acil çıkışlar elektrik ve borulama tesisatı altyapıları gibi pek çok şey yeniden tasarlanır. Yaptığımız çalışmada tesis yerleşim planı iyileştirmesinin aydınlatma, ısıl ortam, toz ve gürültü maruziyeti gibi riskler üzerindeki etkilerine vurgu yapılmıştır. Belirtilen fiziksel risk etmenleri için iş sağlığı ve güvenliğiyle ilgili ulusal ve uluslararası standartlara göre yapılan ölçümler sunulmuş, tesis yerleşim planının ve fiziksel koşulların çalışan sağlığı için önemi anlatılmıştır.
Van-İpekyolu Kent Park’taki Kent Mobilyalarının Ergonomi Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İlhan Nevra , Koç Canan
Published: August 2024

Kentleşme ve nüfus artışı, insanoğlunun yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemiş, yoğun ve hızlı geçen kent yaşamı insanlar üzerinde fiziksel, sosyo-kültürel ve psikolojik açıdan olumsuz etkiler oluşturmuştur. Bu noktada kent parkları sahip olduğu yeşil alanlar, sosyal aktivite imkânları ile yorucu kent yaşamı içerisinde dinlenmeyi ve rahatlamayı sağlayan önemli rekreasyon alanları olarak gelişme göstermiştir. Kent parklar, kent içerisindeki hava sirkülasyonunu sağlarken, aynı zamanda sağlıklı ve yararlı bir açık alan oluşturmaktadır. Bu alanlarda kullanılan kent mobilyalarıyla bireyler, eğlenme, dinlenme ve çeşitli sosyal aktivite ihtiyacını karşılamaktadır. Kullanılan kent mobilyalarının ihtiyaca yönelik olmasının yanı sıra bireylerin antropometrik özelliklerine uygun olarak ergonomik standartlar çerçevesinde tasarlanması da oldukça önemlidir. Ayrıca, kent mobilyalarının rahat, konforlu ve güvenli olması kullanıcı ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında büyük rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma kapsamında kent mobilyalarının ergonomik özellikleri incelenerek, Van ili, İpekyolu Kent Park’da yer alan kent mobilyalarının ergonomik faktörlere uygunluğu üzerine bir araştırma yapılmıştır.
İnşaat Sektörü Çalışanlarının İşyeri Ergonomik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Tuğrul İsmail , Ağar Ali , Atalı Gamze
Published: August 2024

İnşaat sektörü, mesleki yaralanmaların ve ölümlerin yaşandığı en riskli sektörlerin başında gelmektedir. Günümüzde bu sektör teknolojik değişim ve gelişime bağlı ekonomik bakımdan önemli bir lokomotif olmasına rağmen, kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının görülme sıklığının fazla olduğu sektörlerden birisi olmakla beraber ergonomik riskler açısından önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Edirne ilindeki bir inşaat projesinde bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 150 çalışan ile işyeri ergonomik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan kesitsel tipte bir çalışmadır. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak çalışanların Sosyo-demografik özelliklerine yönelik anket ve İşyeri Ergonomi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmış olup, istatistiksel anlamlılık p
Struktur komunitas makroinvertebrata bentos di hutan Selorejo Dau Malang
Authors: Noviza Evi Noris , Zayadi Hasan , Prasetya Hamdani Dwi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Selorejo forest. That it is hoped it can be used as a basis for evaluating water quality of river in the Selorejo forest, Dau District, Malang. Macroinvertebrate benthic samples were taken at three different stations, with three replications at each station, namely protection forest (station 1), production forest (station 2), and tourism forest (station 3). Samples were taken using a surfer's net. The samples obtained were then analyzed for wealth taxa, INP (Importance Value Index), and their diversity index which includes diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. In this study, 10 species were obtained from three stations; Ilyocoris sp., Stenacron interpunctatum, Hydrochara sp., Bradybaena similiaris, Hydropsyche bronta, Diphetor hageni, Dugesia tigrina, Similium vittatum, Tabanus sp. and Perlesta sp. Species with the highest tolerance level were found at stations where human activity often occurred, namely in tourist forests based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. 
Keywords: Selorejo forest, benthic macroinvertebrates, community structure.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makroinvertebrata bentos di hutan Selorejo, sehingga diharapkan nantinya dapat dijadikan dasar evaluasi kualitas air di sungai hutan Selorejo, Kecamatan Dau, Malang. Sampel makroinvertebrata bentos diambil pada tiga stasiun berbeda, dengan tiga kali ulangan pada masing-masing stasiun yaitu hutan lindung (stasiun 1), hutan produksi (stasiun 2), hutan wisata (stasiun 3). Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan jaring surber. Sampel yang sudah didapatkan selanjutnya di identifikasi untuk dianalisis kekayaan taksa/taxa richness, INP (Indeks Nilai Penting), dan indeks diversitasnya meliputi indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, dan indeks dominansi. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 10 speies dari ketiga stasiun yaitu Ilyocoris sp., Stenacron interpunctatum, Hydrochara sp., Bradybaena similiaris, Hydropsyche bronta, Diphetor hageni, Dugesia tigrina, Similium vittatum, Tabanus sp. dan Perlesta sp. Spesies dengan tingkat toleransi tinggi paling banyak ditemukan pada stasiun yang sering terjadi aktivitas manusia yaitu pada hutan wisata berdasarkan indeks diversitas Shannon-wiener. 
Kata kunci : Hutan Selorejo, Makroinvertebrata bentos, struktur komunitas.
Aktor Perempuan Suku Laut dalam Melakukan Perubahan pada Masyarakat Suku Laut Desa Sungai Asam
Authors: Syakilla  , Wayuni Sri , Rahmawati Nanik
Published: August 2024

This study intends to see how female actors of the Laut Tribe make changes to suku laut community in Sungai Asam village. The results of the study are that social change in suku laut community is implemented through increasing knowledge in the fields of education and health owned by suku laut community in Sungai Asam village. Initially,suku laut community in Sungai Asam village had a low level of knowledge about education and health, but now they have become suku laut  women actors, especially in Desa Sungai Asam. The actions of the Suku Laut community in the development of education and health cannot be separated from the role of agents and structures. The structure is in the form of overall rules and resources in Sungai Asam village and the environment around suku laut community, while the agents are suku laut community and suku laut women. In addition, the social practice of forming social change cannot be separated from structural principles.
Elizabeth Hamilton on Race, Religion, and Human Nature
Authors: Boyle Deborah
Published: August 2024

Elizabeth Hamilton (1758–1816) has a strikingly egalitarian account of gender in her novels and philosophical writings, where she professes to be offering an account of human nature in general. This paper examines whether she has a similarly egalitarian account of race, and shows that she does not. Hamilton distinguishes between what she calls ‘the Christian nations of Europe’ and non-Christian groups; she clearly assigns different character and mental traits to members of different groups; and she ranks these groups hierarchically. Yet whether or not Hamilton’s views should be described as ‘racist’ requires some attention to the historical context in order to avoid presentism. The paper argues that, although Hamilton’s hierarchical distinctions are not based on a belief about inherent biological differences between groups of people, they nonetheless do fit conceptions of race that were found earlier in the eighteenth century.
Hume on Race and Slavery
Authors: Bailey Alan
Published: August 2024

The views on race expressed by Hume in a footnote appended to his essay ‘Of National Characters’ seem so egregiously misguided that the suspicion has developed among some commentators that his fundamental philosophical outlook may be inextricably intertwined with a host of deeply pejorative racist assumptions that serve to encourage a pervasive pattern of exploitative and oppressive actions directed against people of colour. This paper, in contrast, argues that predominant thrust of Hume’s account of human nature is towards emphasizing the psychological similarities manifest by all healthy human beings, irrespective of biological sex or alleged racial affiliations: from Hume’s perspective, white Europeans and people of colour are separated by much less than they have in common. It is, moreover, Hume’s acknowledgement of the characteristics that all human beings have in common that motivates his forceful criticisms of the practice of chattel slavery. Basing his judgement on his appreciation of our shared humanity, Hume condemns slavery as a practice that cannot be reconciled with any legitimate set of moral sentiments.
Misunderstanding Monboddo on ‘Race’, Slavery and the Black Egyptian Origins of All Civilization
Authors: Mills R. J. W.
Published: August 2024

James Burnett, Lord Monboddo’s (1714–1799) contribution to Scottish Enlightenment thinking on race is regularly held to be twofold. As a Lord of Session, he supposedly defended slavery on Aristotelian grounds, infamously voting against Joseph Knight’s freedom in Knight v. Wedderburn (1778). In his philosophical writings, Monboddo is known for his arguments in favour of the humanity of orangutangs, which scholars have claimed informed both his own views on slavery and also wider apologetics for the trade. At the same time, Monboddo is frequently cited as providing a fulsome defence of the achievements of black Africans against Hume’s footnote in ‘Of Natural Characters’ (added in 1753). The full significance of Monboddo’s counterexample to Hume’s claims, the civilization of black ancient Egypt, has not been adequately understood. In this article I undertake a deep dive into Monboddo’s views on race, slavery, and the black origins of civilization present in his largely ignored six-volume Antient Metaphysics (1779–1799). The arguments that emerge show that Monboddo was not quite the apologist for enslaving black Africans as he is sometimes presented as being, but also that his thought was far from the enlightened Scottish mainstream.
Philosophy and the Machine: Slavery in French Philosophy of Technology 1897–1948
Authors: Bradley Arthur
Published: August 2024

This essay reconstructs a now largely obscure fifty year debate within French philosophy of technology from Alfred Espinas to Alexandre Kojève about slavery in the ancient world. To summarize, I argue that early twentieth century French philosophy of technology’s hypothesis that Greek and Roman slavery caused a blocage – a block, delay or stagnation – in the development of technology in antiquity may well seem little more than a historical curiosity today, but that its hypothesis of a constitutive relation between slave labour and technological innovation has recently re-emerged in biopolitical form in such texts as Giorgio Agamben’s The Use of Bodies (2015). In the confrontation between what Alexandre Koyré famously calls the ‘philosophers’ and the ‘machine’, I argue that we not only enter a largely forgotten conceptual archive for modern French philosophy of technology (Gilbert Simondon, André Leroi-Gouhran, Bernard Stiegler) but for contemporary biopolitical theory (Giorgio Agamben).
Archipelagic Citizenship: Arendt, Glissant, and the Politics of Displacement
Authors: Gaffney Jennifer
Published: August 2024

This paper considers the intervention that Édouard Glissant makes in Hannah Arendt's discourse on political belonging, particularly as this takes shape in her analysis of citizenship. To this end, I consider how Glissant's analysis of the memory of the abyssal beginning of the Middle Passage complicates the promise of belonging that Arendt suggests citizenship makes for those who were once cast out. In view of this, I argue that Glissant provides a basis to reformulate citizenship and political belonging, not in terms of the bounded structure of the nation-state, but in terms of the relational structure of the archipelago.
Disproving the Euler Product equal to the Riemann Zeta Function
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: August 2024

The author of this article disproves the Euler product equal to the Riemann zeta function that the earlier mathematicians proved, and also provides the main reason why the Euler product is not equal to the Riemann zeta function.
Influencia de la ilusión óptica en el rendimiento de los jugadores nóveles en el saque de tenis
Authors: García Zurita Fernando , Mancha Triguero David
Published: August 2024

El tenis es un deporte de raqueta en el cual se produce un intercambio de pelota entre dos jugadores, y cuyo juego se inicia con uno de los gestos técnicos más importantes de dicho deporte, el saque. A través de la ilusión óptica se ha comprobado cómo esta puede afectar en el rendimiento del saque de tenis en jugadores nóveles. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar cómo influye la ilusión óptica en el rendimiento del servicio en tenis. Para ver dicha relación, se evaluaron un total de 24 sujetos de nivel iniciación que se agruparon en dos grupos. Cada grupo realizó una variante específica de un experimento de ilusión óptica en el que se analizaron las diferencias entre pre-test y post-test, entre variantes, y presión percibida. Los resultados mostraron que los tenistas que sacaban bajo la variante en la que el objetivo parecía más pequeño, obtuvieron mayores mejoras en el rendimiento que aquellos que lo hicieron bajo la variante donde el objetivo parecía más grande, en la comparativa pre-test vs post-test. Por ello, en tenistas nóveles, realizar experimentos donde se fomente la ilusión óptica como facilitador de la tarea, promoviendo una percepción de un objetivo que parezca más pequeño, mejora el rendimiento en el gesto técnico.
Perfil físico, estado nutricional y efecto de la edad relativa de jugadores de baloncesto juveniles de 9 a 16 años, relacionado con el rendimiento deportivo en Liga Menor Costarricense
Authors: Rojas Quirós Jimmy , Gálvez Morales Natalia
Published: August 2024

El efecto de la edad relativa (RAE) hace referencia a las consecuencias en el rendimiento deportivo, gracias a las diferencias físicas y psicológicas que pueden existir entre los nacidos en los primeros meses del año y los jugadores del mismo año. Objetivo: determinar la relación del perfil físico, el estado nutricional y el efecto de la edad relativa de los jugadores de baloncesto juveniles de 9 a 16 años, con el rendimiento deportivo mostrado. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio no experimental, correlacionando las variables medidas a la muestra de 1302 sujetos participantes del torneo nacional. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias de rendimiento en categorías U12 femenino con base al mes de nacimiento (rho= -,323; p =,027), siendo las nacidas en las primeras etapas del año quienes tienen mayor ventaja deportiva, también se evidenció efecto del RAE en la categoría U14 masculino, para el resto de categorías no existe relación, si se observa como la talla y el peso influyen en una especialización temprana. Conclusiones: Se determina para la categoría U12 femenino y U14 masculino que existe una relación directamente proporcional entre el perfil físico, el estado nutricional y el efecto de la edad relativa de los jugadores, con el rendimiento deportivo mostrado en el Torneo Nacional de Liga Menor 2023 de la Federación Costarricense de Baloncesto, en las otras categorías no existe esta relación con el RAE.
ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA PERSONIFIKASI DALAM NOVEL SRIMENANTI KARYA JOKO PINURBO
Authors: Tajuddin Devianti , Abbas Asriani , Thaba Aziz
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the form of words used to construct personification language style in the novel Srimenanti by Joko Pinurbo. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The source of data in this study is the novel Srimenanti by Joko Pinurbo published by PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, in 2019. The technique used in analyzing this study is the personification style analysis technique to determine novel language style based on stylistic theory. The results showed that (1) there are three types of prefixes used in constructing personification language styles, namely: the use of the prefix meng- which is a transitive verb, the use of the prefix di- which is a transitive passive verb, and the use of the prefix ber- which is a nontransitive verb. (2) It was found that two types of word classes were used in indicating the stylistic use of personification, namely: nouns and adjectives. Conclusions The word forms used to construct personified language styles in Joko Pinurbo's Srimenanti novel vary.
Role of tendon-derived stem cells in tendon and ligament repair: focus on tissue engineer
Authors: He Wei , Jiang Chao , Zhou Ping , Hu Xujun , Gu XiaoPeng , Zhang SongOu
Published: August 2024

This review offered a comprehensive analysis of tendon and ligament injuries, emphasizing the crucial role of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) in tissue engineering as a potential solution for these challenging medical conditions. Tendon and ligament injuries, prevalent among athletes, the elderly, and laborers, often result in long-term disability and reduced quality of life due to the poor intrinsic healing capacity of these avascular structures. The formation of biomechanically inferior scar tissue and a high rate of reinjury underscore the need for innovative approaches to enhance and guide the regenerative process. This review delved into the complexities of tendon and ligament structure and function, types of injuries and their impacts, and the limitations of the natural repair process. It particularly focused on the role of TDSCs within the context of tissue engineering. TDSCs, with their ability to differentiate into tenocytes, are explored in various applications, including biocompatible scaffolds for cell tracking, co-culture systems to optimize tendon-bone healing, and graft healing techniques. The review also addressed the challenges of immunoreactivity post-transplantation, the importance of pre-treating TDSCs, and the potential of hydrogels and decellularized matrices in supporting tendon regeneration. It concluded by highlighting the essential roles of mechanical and molecular stimuli in TDSC differentiation and the current challenges in the field, paving the way for future research directions.
Assessment of CRISPRa-mediated gdnf overexpression in an In vitro Parkinson’s disease model
Authors: Guzmán-Sastoque Paula , Sotelo Sebastián , Esmeral Natalia P. , Albarracín Sonia Luz , Sutachan Jhon-Jairo , Reyes Luis H. , Muñoz-Camargo Carolina , Cruz Juan C. , Bloch Natasha I.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a significant challenge in medical science, as current treatments are limited to symptom management and often carry significant side effects. Our study introduces an innovative approach to evaluate the effects of gdnf overexpression mediated by CRISPRa in an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease. The expression of gdnf can have neuroprotective effects, being related to the modulation of neuroinflammation and pathways associated with cell survival, differentiation, and growth.

Methods

We have developed a targeted delivery system using a magnetite nanostructured vehicle for the efficient transport of genetic material. This system has resulted in a substantial increase, up to 200-fold) in gdnf expression in an In vitro model of Parkinson’s disease using a mixed primary culture of astrocytes, neurons, and microglia.

Results and Discussion

The delivery system exhibits significant endosomal escape of more than 56%, crucial for the effective delivery and activation of the genetic material within cells. The increased gdnf expression correlates with a notable reduction in MAO-B complex activity, reaching basal values of 14.8 μU/μg of protein, and a reduction in reactive oxygen species. Additionally, there is up to a 34.6% increase in cell viability in an In vitro Parkinson’s disease model treated with the neurotoxin MPTP. Our study shows that increasing gdnf expression can remediate some of the cellular symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease in an in vitro model of the disease using a novel nanostructured delivery system.
Identification of a novel aromatic-turmerone analog that activates chaperone-mediated autophagy through the persistent activation of p38
Authors: Motomura Kensuke , Ueda Erika , Boateng Alex , Sugiura Masaharu , Kadoyama Keiichi , Hitora-Imamura Natsuko , Kurauchi Yuki , Katsuki Hiroshi , Seki Takahiro
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Aromatic (Ar)-turmerone is a bioactive component of turmeric oil obtained from Curcuma longa. We recently identified a novel analog (A2) of ar-turmerone that protects dopaminergic neurons from toxic stimuli by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). D-cysteine increases Nrf2, leading to the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a pathway in the autophagy-lysosome protein degradation system, in primary cultured cerebellar Purkinje cells. In this study, we attempted to identify novel analogs of ar-turmerone that activate Nrf2 more potently and investigated whether these analogs activate CMA.

Methods: Four novel analogs (A4–A7) from A2 were synthesized. We investigated the effects of A2 and novel 4 analogs on Nrf2 expression via immunoblotting and CMA activity via fluorescence observation.

Results: Although all analogs, including A2, increased Nrf2 expression, only A4 activated CMA in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, A4-mediated CMA activation was not reversed by Nrf2 inhibition, indicating that A4 activated CMA via mechanisms other than Nrf2 activation. We focused on p38, which participates in CMA activation. Inhibition of p38 significantly prevented A4-mediated activation of CMA. Although all novel analogs significantly increased the phosphorylation of p38 6 h after drug treatment, only A4 significantly increased phosphorylation 24 h after treatment. Finally, we revealed that A4 protected SH-SY5Y cells from the cytotoxicity of rotenone, and that this protection was reversed by inhibiting p38.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the novel ar-turmerone analog, A4, activates CMA and protects SH-SY5Y cells through the persistent activation of p38.
m5C RNA methylation: a potential mechanism for infectious Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Teng Sisi , Han Cunqiao , Zhou Jian , He Zhenyan , Qian Weiwei
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a variety of factors, including age, genetic susceptibility, cardiovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of AD is largely associated with the overproduction and accumulation of amyloid-β peptides and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in the brain. Recent studies have identified the presence of diverse pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites, in the tissues of AD patients, underscoring the critical role of central nervous system infections in inducing pathological changes associated with AD. Nevertheless, it remains unestablished about the specific mechanism by which infections lead to the occurrence of AD. As an important post-transcriptional RNA modification, RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methylation regulates a wide range of biological processes, including RNA splicing, nuclear export, stability, and translation, therefore affecting cellular function. Moreover, it has been recently demonstrated that multiple pathogenic microbial infections are associated with the m5C methylation of the host. However, the role of m5C methylation in infectious AD is still uncertain. Therefore, this review discusses the mechanisms of pathogen-induced AD and summarizes research on the molecular mechanisms of m5C methylation in infectious AD, thereby providing new insight into exploring the mechanism underlying infectious AD.
Multidirectional myocardial function in bicuspid aortic valve stenosis patients: a three-dimensional speckle tracking analysis
Authors: Deng Wenhui , Tan Yuting , Shi Jiawei , He Shukun , Liu Tianshu , Wu Wenqian , Li Yuman , Yang Yali , Zhang Li , Xie Mingxing , Wang Jing
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The impact of aortic stenosis (AS) severity on multidirectional myocardial function in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) remains unclear, despite the recognized presence of early left ventricular longitudinal myocardial dysfunction in BAV patients with normal valve function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the multidirectional myocardial functions of BAV patients.

Methods

A total of 86 BAV patients (age 46.71 ± 13.62 years, 69.4% men) with normally functioning (BAV-nf), mild AS, moderate AS, and severe AS with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 52%) were included. 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. Multidirectional strain and volume analysis were performed by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(3D-STE).

Results

Global longitudinal strain (GLS), and global radial strain (GRS) were reduced in BAV-nf patients compared with the controls. With each categorical of AS severity from BAV-nf to severe AS, there was an associated progressive impairment of GLS and GRS (all P < 0.001). Global circumferential strain (GCS) did not show a significant decrease from BAV-nf to mild AS but began to decrease from moderate AS. Multiple linear regressions indicated that indexed aortic valve area (AVA/BSA), as a measure of AS severity, was an independent determinant of GLS, GCS and GRS.

Conclusions

Left ventricular longitudinal myocardial reduction is observed even in patients with well-functioning bicuspid aortic valves. With each categorical increase in the grade of AS severity from normally functioning to severe aortic stenosis, there was an associated progressive impairment of longitudinal myocardial function. Furthermore, circumferential myocardial function was starting damaged from moderate AS. AVA/BSA was independently associated with multidirectional myocardial function injuries.
Initial experience and favorable outcomes on cannulation strategies and surgical platform construction in fully video-assisted thoracoscopic cardiac surgery
Authors: Liu Zihou , Maimaitiaili Abulizi , Ma Xiaozhong , Dong Shuangfeng , Wei Wei , Wang Qiang , Chen Qingliang , Liu Jianshi , Guo Zhigang
Published: August 2024

Background

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery offers numerous advantages that patients and surgeons desire. This surgical platform encompasses cannulation strategies for cardiopulmonary bypass, optimal surgical access points, and high-quality visualization techniques. Traditional peripheral cannulation methods, though convenient, possess inherent limitations and carry the potential for complications such as retrograde dissection, stroke, or neurologic sequelae. Conversely, central cannulation may be ideally suited to circumvent the disadvantages above. Fully video-assisted thoracoscopy cardiac surgery represents a state-of-the-art platform, offering surgeons an unparalleled surgical view. This analysis aimed to delineate the efficacy and safety of transthoracic central cannulation strategies and the surgical platform during fully video-assisted thoracoscopy cardiac surgery.

Methods

Between October 2022 and February 2024, we identified a cohort of 85 consecutive patients with cardiopulmonary bypass undergoing fully video-assisted thoracoscopy cardiac surgery at our institutions. The patients' mean age was 41.09 ± 14.01 years, ranging from 18 to 75 years. The mean weight was 64.34 ± 10.59 kg (ranging from 49 to 103 kg). Congenital heart disease repair accounted for the highest proportion, with 43 cases (50.59%). Mitral valve surgery and left atrium Myxoma resections accounted for 29.41%. Specifically, this included 14 mitral valve repairs, five mitral valve replacements, and six left atrium myxoma resections. Aortic valve replacements constitute 20% of all cases.

Results

A total of 85 adult patients underwent fully video-assisted thoracoscopy cardiac surgery. The average CPB time was 83.26 ± 28.26 min, while the aortic cross-clamp time averaged 51.87 ± 23.91 min. The total operation time (skin to skin) averaged 173.8 ± 37.08 min. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 5.58 ± 3.43 h, ICU stay was 20.04 ± 2.83 h (ranging from 15.5 to 34 h), and postoperative hospital stay was 5.55 ± 0.87 days. No patients required conversion to thoracotomy and unplanned reoperations due to various reasons. There were no in-hospital deaths, strokes, myocardial infarctions, aortic dissections, or renal failure. No patient developed wound soft tissue infection.

Conclusions

Fully video-assisted thoracoscopy cardiac surgery utilizing central cannulation strategies is a reliable, cost-effective platform with a low risk of complications and a potential solution for patients facing contraindications for peripheral cannulation.
Monitoring the Hunga Volcano (Kingdom of Tonga) starting from the unrests of 2014/2015 to the 2021/2022 explosion with the Sentinel 1-2 and Landsat 8-9 satellites
Authors: Braitenberg Carla
Published: August 2024

This study explores the dynamic evolution of the Hunga Volcano in the Kingdom of Tonga and covers two volcanic unrests, focusing on the creation and subsequent disappearance of a new island between Hunga Tonga (HT) and Hunga Ha'apai (HH) between 2013 and 2023. The island expanded in 2015 and vanished in January 2022 due to a massive eruption (VEI = 6), featuring a 57 km high volcanic cloud and generating multiple tsunamis that caused damage across the Pacific Ocean. Utilizing remote sensing techniques, including multispectral imaging from Sentinel 2, Landsat 8-9, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging from Sentinel 1, the research employs a supervised random forest classification algorithm to individuate the changing subaerial surface area of the volcano. This approach documents size variations in the islands, particularly during weeks surrounding two volcanic unrests. The classifier, trained on nearly cloud-free multispectral images, automatically delineates surface area changes over the years. The temporal resolution of area change, limited to images with less than 5% cloudiness, encompasses about 50% of Landsat and 20% of Sentinel 2 images between 2013 and 2023, selected from 739 available images. The multispectral observations are complemented by 215 Sentinel 1 SAR images, penetrating clouds, though with limited bands. Despite higher noise, the classifier on Sentinel 1 successfully distinguishes land from ocean. Sentinel 1 observations, starting in 2014, cover the volcano unrest of 2014/2015. Earth Engine, a cloud computing data facility, is used for processing. Analysis indicates a slight decrease in the area change post-2015 island formation and identifies the disappearance of the island bridge connecting HT and HH, along with two smaller islands south of HT and HH in 2022. The 2022 explosion is preceded by an increase in island area in the weeks before the eruption. Global satellite coverage could automatically detect changes in oceanic areas and distinguish water from new volcanic islands, offering a means of identifying volcanic unrests and documenting their evolution.
Associations between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and insulin resistance in euthyroid adults with obesity
Authors: Wei Ying , Li Xingang , Cui Ruixiang , Liu Jia , Wang Guang
Published: August 2024

Background

Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones (TH) was associated with metabolic syndrome. The study aimed to explore the association between central TH sensitivity indices and insulin resistance (IR) in euthyroid adults with obesity.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 293 euthyroid outpatients with obesity in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital. We used the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), thyroid stimulating hormone index (TSHI), and thyrotrophic T4 resistance index (TT4RI) to indicate central TH sensitivity. IR was assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hepatic insulin resistance index (hepatic-IR), the Matsuda index, and the adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR). Participants were categorized according to tertiles of TH sensitivity indices. We used multiple linear regressions to explore the associations.

Results

There was a significant stepwise increase in HOMA-IR and Adipo-IR from the lowest to the highest tertiles of TH sensitivity indices (all P<0.05). After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, only Adipo-IR was significantly associated with TH sensitivity indices. On average, each unit increased in TFQI, TSHI, and TT4RI was associated with 1.19 (P=0.053), 1.16 (P=0.04), and 1.01 (P=0.03) units increased in Adipo-IR, respectively. There was no significant association between TH sensitivity indices and HOMA-IR, hepatic-IR, and the Matsuda index after adjustment for other risk factors.

Conclusions

Reduced central TH sensitivity was associated with increased adipose tissue insulin resistance in euthyroid adults with obesity. The results further confirmed the importance of TH sensitivity on metabolic diseases.
The pivotal role of dysregulated autophagy in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Shen Qiaohui , Yang Ming , Wang Song , Chen Xingyu , Chen Sulan , Zhang Rui , Xiong Zhuang , Leng Yan
Published: August 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by excessive fat deposition in hepatocytes and a major cause of end-stage liver disease. Autophagy is a metabolic pathway responsible for degrading cytoplasmic products and damaged organelles, playing a pivotal role in maintaining the homeostasis and functionality of hepatocytes. Recent studies have shown that pharmacological intervention to activate or restore autophagy provides benefits for liver function recovery by promoting the clearance of lipid droplets (LDs) in hepatocytes, decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory factors, and inhibiting activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), thus improving liver fibrosis and slowing down the progression of NAFLD. This article summarizes the physiological process of autophagy, elucidates the close relationship between NAFLD and autophagy, and discusses the effects of drugs on autophagy and signaling pathways from the perspectives of hepatocytes, kupffer cells (KCs), and HSCs to provide assistance in the clinical management of NAFLD.
Unveiling the multifaceted realm of human papillomavirus: a comprehensive exploration of biology, interactions, and advances in cancer management
Authors: Wu Meng , Huang Hui , Tang Ying , Ren Xuze , Jiang Xinrui , Tian Man , Li Wei
Published: August 2024

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), an extensive family of DNA viruses, manifests as a persistent global health challenge. Persistent HPV infection is now firmly established as a significant aetiological factor for a spectrum of malignancies. In this review, we examine the latest insights into HPV biology and its intricate relationship with the host. We delve into the complex dynamics of co-infections involving HPV alongside other viruses, such as HIV, EBV, and HSV, as well as the burgeoning role of the microbiome in cancer development. We also explore recent advancements in understanding the specific contributions of HPV in the development of various cancers, encompassing cancers of the anogenital region, head and neck, as well as breast, lung, and prostate. Moreover, we focus on the current preventive strategies, including vaccination and screening methods, and therapeutic interventions that range from traditional approaches like surgery and chemotherapy to emerging modalities such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Additionally, we provide a forward-looking view on the future directions of HPV research, highlighting potential areas of exploration to further our understanding and management of HPV and its associated cancers. Collectively, this review is positioned to deepen readers’ understanding of HPV biology and its complex interplay with cancer biology. It presents innovative strategies for the prevention, management, and therapeutic intervention of HPV-associated malignancies.
The fate of immune complexes in membranous nephropathy
Authors: Xu Jie , Hu Haikun , Sun Yuhe , Zhao Zihan , Zhang Danyuan , Yang Lei , Lu Qingyi
Published: August 2024

The most characteristic feature of membranous nephropathy (MN) is the presence of subepithelial electron dense deposits and the consequential thickening of the glomerular basement membrane. There have been great advances in the understanding of the destiny of immune complexes in MN by the benefit of experimental models represented by Heymann nephritis. Subepithelial immune complexes are formed in situ by autoantibodies targeting native autoantigens or exogenous planted antigens such as the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and cationic BSA respectively. The nascent immune complexes would not be pathogenic until they develop into immune deposits. Podocytes are the major source of autoantigens in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. They also participate in the modulation and removal of the immune complexes to a large extent. The balance between deposition and clearance is regulated by a wide range of factors such as the composition and physicochemical properties of the immune complexes and the complement system. Complement components such as C3 and C1q have been reported to be precipitated with the deposits whereas a complement regulatory protein CR1 expressed by podocytes is involved in the phagocytosis of immune complexes by podocytes. Podocytes regulate the dynamic change of immune complexes which is disturbed in membranous nephropathy. To elucidate the precise fate of the immune complexes is essential for developing more rational and novel therapies for membranous nephropathy.
Biobanking for tropical health: leveraging collaborative initiatives in the Lusophone world
Authors: Arez Ana Paula , Souto Aline , da Silva Manuela , do Nascimento Carlos Roberto Sobrinho , Couto Isabel , Belo Silvana , Lima Nelson
Published: August 2024

Biological collections and biobanks are essential for scientific research and innovation, supporting various scientific fields such as health sciences, biotechnology, food and agriculture. They preserve and provide diverse organisms, biological materials and their associated data, enabling the study of biodiversity, diseases, and their evolution and ecological functions. These collections are crucial for addressing global challenges like biodiversity loss, sustainable food and feed production, and human health, including understanding variations in pathogenic and etiologic agents over time. Biobanks support the development of new therapies, biomarkers, and diagnostic tests while promoting equitable benefit sharing from genetic resource utilization and developing and implementing international standards, crucial for improving research reliability and reproducibility. Collaborative networks enhance biobank operation by organizing data, exchanging biological material and facilitating trans-biobank studies and protocols standardization/harmonization. The establishment of the Lusophone Network of Biobanks and Biological Collections is a significant step toward promoting collaboration, capacity building and capacity development among Portuguese-speaking countries, many of them dealing with tropical health issues, facilitating knowledge exchange and resource sharing for scientific advancement on a global scale.