bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Five-year Trends in Drug Advertisement Review by the Anatomical and Therapeutic Classification of Pharmaceutical Products and Factor Analysis for Improvement of Quality of Advertisement
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Cho Woo-Yeon , Jeon Ha-Lim
Published: November 2023

There has been no study investigating which drug advertisements have recently increased or what decisions the Drug Advertisement Review Committee made based on the therapeutic classification of the drug. This study aimed to examine the status and trend of drug advertisement review by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification over the 5 years and identify factors that may increase the likelihood of receiving a decision other than ‘accepted’. We obtained drug advertise review data from the Korea Pharmaceutical and Bio-Pharma Manufacturers Association (2017- 2021). The number of reviewed drugs and 5-year increase rate were calculated by ATC classification. We performed a logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) for potential contributing factors. From 2017 to 2021, the overall reviewed drugs increased by 84.3%. The 5-year increase rate for ‘modification-needed’ (236.3%) and ‘inadequate’ (312.8%) decisions was higher than the overall 5-year increase rate. Drugs related to the Alimentary Tract and Metabolism underwent more advertisement reviews than those from other categories. Nearly all categories demonstrated an increasing trend in online media. Online media [OR=1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.42], drugs for Musculo-skeletal system (OR=1.13, 95% CI, 1.01-1.22) and sensory organs(OR, 1.82; 95% CI=1.58-2.08) were significantly increase the probability of receiving a decision other than ‘accepted’. Our results will be useful to improve drug advertisement review system and promote self-censorship of pharmaceutical companies.
Improvement of efficiency of solid fuel use at industrial thermal power plants
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Bukhmirov V.V. , Sokolov A.K. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Yarunin S.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Yarunina N.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Smirnov N.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: November 2023

Currently, in this country solid fuel at industrial thermal power plants, as a rule, is burned by a layer or flaring method in boilers with generation of steam which is directed to a steam turbine. This technology of generating thermal and electrical energy is characterized by relatively low efficiency and significant emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. At the same time, the use of solid fuel in industrial energy with its preliminary gasification can significantly increase the efficiency of electricity generation and at the same time reduce the negative impact on the environment. The results of an analytical comparison of two schemes to use solid fuel in industrial energy are used as the material of the research. These two schemes are a traditional scheme and an alternative one based on its preliminary gasification. In this paper, to assess the effectiveness of the schemes under consideration, the scientific methodology of system analysis is applied. It allows us to consider any energy object as a unified system consisting of interrelated elements. The system analysis is carried out based on mathematical modeling of the technological process to obtain thermal and electrical energy. A complex balance mathematical model of an industrial thermal power plant with preliminary coal gasification is developed. The results of calculation using a mathematical model have shown that the construction of industrial combined‒cycle thermal power plants with preliminary coal gasification instead of traditional steam turbine ones will increase the key indicator of the energy efficiency of thermal power plants, coefficient of fuel utilization from 60 to 74 %. Based on the methodology of system analysis, an optimal thermal scheme of an industrial combined-cycle thermal power plant with preliminary coal gasification has been developed. Numerical values of the basic operating conditions of the thermal power plants and energy efficiency indicators have been determined using a mathematical model. The use of solid fuel at industrial thermal power plants with its preliminary gasification is a very promising direction to develop industrial energy in Russia since this method to extract the bound chemical energy of solid fuel can significantly increase the fuel utilization coefficient and the production of electrical energy and at the same time reduce emissions of contamination material into the atmosphere
Development and verification of simulation model of heat transfer process through window unit with heat-reflecting screens
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Parfenov G.I. , Smirnov N.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Sokolov A.K. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Tyutikov V.V. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Yarunin S.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Yarunina N.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: November 2023

Window units account for the largest specific heat losses. The use of movable heat-reflecting screens and photovoltaic solar panels is of particular interest among the existing technologies to improve the thermal protection of windows. Despite the large number of scientific papers on this issue, which consider experimental laboratory studies and numerical simulation of heat transfer processes through window units, there is no data on the influence of the edge zones of a double-glazed window, as well as the areas of interface of the window profile and the light opening on the thermal processes that occur in these energy-saving units with screens. Vertical replacing of specific heat fluxes and temperature on the inner surface of the window unit strongly influences the correctness of determining the value of the minimum allowable temperature of the indoor air. Thus, the development and verification of models of the heat transfer process through a window unit with screens is an urgent task in the context of an indoor microclimate creation. Simulation numerical modeling is performed using the finite element method based on the fundamental laws of heat transfer. The authors have used the results of experimental studies of windows with heat-reflecting screens carried out in a certified climatic chamber. The authors have developed a two-dimensional simulation model of heat transfer through a window unit with heat-reflecting screens located in the partition wall of the climate chamber. The distribution of temperatures, air flow velocities, and reduced total thermal resistance along the height of a translucent structures has been studied. The adequacy of the proposed simulation model is confirmed by comparison with the results of the experiment in a certified laboratory, as well as data obtained by other authors and regulatory documentation. The use of heat-reflecting screens in the window unit increases the resistance to heat transfer by 1,6–3,7 times depending on their number. A significant decrease in temperature in the edge zones of the double-glazed window is revealed. The use of the developed simulation model makes it possible to determine the application of heat-reflecting screens in windows for intermittent heating systems including the case of using pre-drying air technology for humid, wet, or normal operation modes of industrial premises.
Dump truck control algorithms when wheels slip
Authors:   Electrical Drive Research and Technical Center “Vector”, Vinogradov A.B. , Korotkov A.A. ,   Electrical Drive Research and Technical Center “Vector”, Ermakov K.K. ,   Electrical Drive Research and Technical Center “Vector”
Published: November 2023

Mine dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 90 tons or more are equipped with an electromechanical transmission that controls the traction motors of the driving wheels. Due to unfavorable operation conditions of dump trucks, there are strict requirements to the driving safety along unpaved roads of open pits. The results of BELAZ dump trucks tests and authors maintenance experience have shown that the active security system is especially needed and gives essential assistance to a driver. Loss of control of а loaded truck, for example, during sharp braking on a slippery icy road, can lead to а serious accident and additional costs for repairing mining equipment. Thus, the development of traffic safety systems of mine dump trucks with electromechanical transmission is an important task. The methods of automatic control, mathematical modeling and numerical solution of differential equations are used to develop control algorithms for a mine dump truck. To test the proposed solutions, the method of full-scale experiment is used in real-life driving conditions along the dirt and icy roads. Control algorithms that use data of additional front (driven) wheels sensor are proposed. The results of tests of a BELAZ dump truck with a carrying capacity of 90 tons are presented. The results confirm the effectiveness of the developed control system in comparison with the one currently used in stock-produced items. The developed ABS system with speed sensors of the front wheels of a dump truck has proved the braking effectiveness along a slippery road. It makes it possible to improve the controllability of the dump truck significantly under conditions of lack of road adhesion, preventing the dump truck from skidding and wheels blocking. And it makes it possible to reduce mechanical effects on the transmission and anti-slip system sensitivity to different traffic conditions. The adaptive system remains operational if one of the front wheel sensors fails and if compared to the standard system it works equally effectively in various traffic conditions. The implementation of the obtained results will improve traffic safety and reduce the accident rate of expensive mining equipment.
Software design training system and selection of microcontrollers for electric drive control
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Gnezdov N.E. , Kulenko M.S. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Lebedev S.K. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Kolganov A.R. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: November 2023

Ability of university graduates to design electric drives (ED) implies that they have knowledge and skills to develop software for microcontrollers (MC) used in modern electric drive control systems (ED CS). Studies on this topic touch upon the issues of particular training courses or teaching methods, and laboratory benches mean only debug boards. Often, education process is designed on a piecemeal basis. A systematic approach is required to teach students programming of microcontrollers of ED CS. In the context of restrictions of manufacturers from the USA, Japan and Europe, the selection of microcontroller for training and developing the ED CS is also topical. When developing the interrelated training courses, the authors have used 20 years of experience of design of ED CS. Product design software packages and metalworking technologies have been used as tools to develop a specialized laboratory bench. The method of comparative analysis is used when selecting microcontrollers. A multi-level (3-stage) model of interrelated training courses to teach students programming MC of ED CS is described. The evolution of the contents of training courses is shown. The author-developed bench is presented. It includes the debug board, measuring (multimeter, oscilloscope) and debugging (interface converters) equipment placed on a special unit. A review is given, an analysis of studies on these issues is carried out, and recommendations to select MC of ED CS in the current situation are given. Implemented at the department, a systematic approach to teach students programming MC of ED CS gives them the qualifications necessary to independently perform tasks during the design of modern ED CS. The developed laboratory bench provides convenient and safety work with all debugging and measuring equipment used in the educational process. An overview and recommendations on the selection of MC of domestic and Chinese manufacturers will be useful for the developers of the electrical drive control systems.
DEVIANTNESS IN FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE CONTEXT OF EVERYDAY HISTORY (ON THE MATERIALS OF KYIV PROVINCIAL NEWSPAPERS OF THE LAST QUARTER OF THE 19 TH – EARLY 20 TH CENTURIES)
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine, Kuznets Tetiana
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the systematization of information about the negative types of deviant behavior in the families of the Uman district being one of the largest among the twelve districts of the Kyiv province in terms of the area size and population density given in Kyiv newspapers: «Zarja», «Kievskoe slovo», «Kievljanin». 16 announcements about the cruel treatment of family members to each other, beatings, violence in families were published in the mentioned newspapers from 1883 to 1912. The tonality of newspaper publications gave ground to conclude that such manifestations of deviant behavior were parts of everyday life and they were reported as common trivial occurrences. It breaks the stereotypes about the patriarchal nature of families, the religiosity of the population and the adherence to Christian commandments, enlarges the idea of public morality. Taking into consideration the fact that the family is the center of society, family relationships to a certain extent characterize social relations in general. On the basis of systematized information we made the conclusion that the published announcements about deviations in families in the newspaper columns were one of the manifestations of state intervention in personal life and interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, the dissemination of information by newspapers about violence, murders and drunkenness as the cause of illegal acts is aimed at forming public opinion regarding the condemnation of negative types of deviant behavior. In spite of the absence of evaluations concerning the outlined news in publications, the expediency of information dissemination about cruelty and violence may be elucidated by the necessity for drawing attention to such aspects of social existence. The material represented in the article supplements the idea of everyday life, family relationships, levels of well-being and material provision of the rural population. A microhistorical approach made it possible to provide details within the covered theme contributing to the accumulation of empirical material in local history and the history of everyday life.
The Relationship of the Preferred Types of Digital Games and Executive Functions in 6-7-Year-Old Children
Authors: Plotnikova V.A. , Bukhalenkova D.A. , Chichinina E.A.
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to examine the relationship of the types of digital games preferred by preschoolers and their executive functions. For a more detailed study we created a classification of the games in question based on the content analysis of the participants’ interview, game mechanism, and the required cognitive functions. 6 types of digital games were developed: quick reaction games, logic games, educational games, strategic games, drawing games, and simulators. The overall sample comprised 335 children (48.6% girls) aged 6–7 (M=74.6 months, SD=6.06 months). The study included assessment of the executive functions and an interview about digital games. We used the NEPSY-II subtests to measure the examinees’ executive functions level: visual and verbal working memory, and inhibition. We also used “The Dimensional Change Card Sort” to assess cognitive flexibility. Data analysis revealed that quick reaction games were the most popular at this age. The next favourite were logic games, strategic games, and simulators’. The study demonstrated quick reaction game players’ visual working memory was better developed than in the non-players. Logic game players processed information at a higher speed than the non-players. Simulation game players obtained higher score in cognitive inhibition, than the children who didn’t like this type of games.
Extraction and Identification of Glycerides in Sesamum indicum Oil Seeds from Manipur
Authors: Shah Abdul Halim , Bhattacharya Bhaskarjyoti , Deka Dibakar Chandra
Published: November 2023

Seed oil from Sesamum indicum was obtained by solvent extraction technique where petroleum ether was used as the extracting solvent after crushing the kernels. The oil was purified before going to further analysis achieved through column chromatography using silica gel (60-120 mesh) and an eluent mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (20:1). Subsequently, transesterification is done on the purified oil to produce biodiesel, also known as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The FAME composition of Sesamum indicum oil was determined using NMR, IR, GCMS analysis. The FAME profile of Sesamum indicum oil consists of 15.35 wt. % methyl palmitate [C16:0], 67.03 wt. % of methyl linoleate [C18:2], 14.92 wt. % of methyl stearate [C18:0] and 2.70 wt. % of methyl arachidate [C20:0].
Teaching Practices as a Contribution Effect in The Development of Inclusive Education in A Higher Education Institution Knowledge Processes and Metacognition in The Educational Improvement Bet
Authors: Yuly Paola Rojas Rojas  , Fernando Augusto Poveda Aguja  , Lugo Manuel Barbosa Guerrero
Published: November 2023

Educational inclusion is established from a legal framework, articulated with the country of origin which accounts for the purposes of continuous improvement, in Colombian higher education institutions it is regulated how to meet these requests for educational inclusion, it is parameterized and accommodates an element of self-regulation and self-evaluation that builds a concept of expanding the recognition of prior knowledge, the research performs the determination of the incidence of the recognition of knowledge, attitudes and practices of teachers in inclusive education. Method: Semi-structured interviews were applied to teachers of a higher education institution. Teachers are unaware of the regulations, consider that everyone has the right to access education, but disagree about the permanence and graduation of students with cognitive disabilities, and present weaknesses in planning, flexibility and curricular evaluation.
Study of polymorbidity in patients with musculoskeletal diseases at the stage of medical and ­physical rehabilitation
Authors: Rukodaynyy Oleg V , Moroga Denuts F. , Kicha Dmitry I. , Fomina Anna V. , Goloshchapov-Aksenov Roman S.
Published: November 2023

Background. The study of multimorbidity is an urgent task for assessing individual clinical risks and prognosis, developing a treatment and rehabilitation plan.
Aim. To study multimorbidity in patients with chronic musculoskeletal diseases.
Material and methods. The study was conducted in 20222023 on the basis of the medical center for the treatment of spine and joints DEMA and the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba. Study subjects were patients with musculoskeletal diseases (n=212) who sought medical and physical rehabilitation. Men n=75 (average age 40.26.65 years, proportion of patients 60 years 20%), women n=137 (average age 47.26.84 years, proportion of patients 60 years 18%). The subject of the study was polymorbidity in patients with musculoskeletal diseases. The following methods were used: content analysis, analytical, statistical, mathematical, comparative analysis method.
Results. Spinal diseases were detected in 79.2% of patients, and various dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system were detected in 19.36%. 43 (20.28%) patients were diagnosed with two diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Women were more likely than men to be diagnosed with spinal osteochondrosis (p=0.015), cervicalgia (p=0.015), degenerative diseases of the hip and knee joints (p=0.022) and consequences of skeletal injuries (p=0.015). Of the concomitant diseases in all patients, eye (23.1%) and cardiovascular diseases (25.5%) were common. Women were more often diagnosed with endocrine (p=0.025), ophthalmic (p=0.001), gynecological (p=0.001) diseases, urolithiasis (p=0.025) and cholelithiasis (p=0.025); men with consequences of injuries/surgeries (p=0.025). Polymorbidity was established in 50.33% of patients 42 men and 72 women. Two and three concomitant chronic diseases were predominantly diagnosed in women, and six or more were diagnosed in men. All patients 60 years of age (25%) had three or more chronic diseases.
Conclusion. Most patients with musculoskeletal pathology suffer from several chronic diseases.
Screening examination of the cervical spine in patients with Down syndrome
Authors: Kuleshov Alexander A. , Gubin Alexandr V. , Sharov Vladislav A. , Vetrile Marchel S. , Lisyansky Igor N. , Makarov Sergey N.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Among all the variety of orthopedic pathologies typical for patients with Down syndrome, pathology of the cervical spine, in our opinion, is the most important. Various types of atlantoaxial dislocations can cause significant neurological deficits and decrease patients quality of life.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of screening examination of patients with Down syndrome for the presence of cervical spine pathology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of the screening examination, functional radiographs of the cervical spine in the lateral projection of 60 patients with Down syndrome were evaluated. Priorov NMIC will operate from May 2021 to January 2023.
RESULTS: Nine of the 60 patients tested exhibited craniovertebral pathology. Three patients have Os odontoideum of the C2 vertebra. In five patients, different types of rotational atlantoaxial displacements were found, and one patient had hypoplasia of the occipital condyles associated with basilar invagination of the C2 vertebral dentition.
CONCLUSION: The instability of the upper cervical spine is potentially the most dangerous manifestation of orthopedic pathology in Down syndrome. A screening examination with functional cervical spine lateral projection radiographs is recommended for this group of patients.
An Efficient Transfer Learning-Based OBS Seismic Phase Picker (OBSPD) Trained on Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Dataset
Authors: Cheng Zhangbao , Tan Yen Joe , Zhang Fan , Zhou Pengcheng , Lin Jian , Tian Jinyu , Zhang Xubo , Zha Caicai
Published: November 2023

Earthquake monitoring and many seismological studies depend on seismic phase arrivals. Thus, detecting seismic events and picking the phase arrival times are fundamentally important. In the recent years, seismic phase picking models based on deep learning approaches have been widely developed. These deep learning models can achieve better performances than traditional phase picking methods and improve the quality of phase picking for land-based earthquake monitoring. However, these models might not perform well on data from ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs), because they are trained exclusively using onshore seismic data and have limited out-of-distribution generalization ability. Nevertheless, there are insufficient labeled OBS phase arrivals dataset to train a deep learning model from scratch. In this study, we developed an automatic phase detection model for OBS data (OBS phase detection [OBSPD]) using the transfer learning approach based on an existing U-GPD model with pretrained weights from a generalized phase detection model feature extraction system. We developed OBSPD with a limited amount of training data (2784 three-component event waveforms) from the Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) OBS deployments. Our results show that transfer learning can achieve lower model loss with less overfitting compared to when training a model from scratch. Our new OBSPD model outperforms four existing deep learning pickers in terms of phase detection accuracy with smaller arrival time residuals on a test OBS dataset at CSZ, especially for P phases.
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenomide for the Treatment of HIV/Hepatitis B Virus Co-infection in Patients with Cancer and Transplant Recipients
Authors: Dickter Jana K , Ross Justine A ,   City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center: City of Hope Inc, Duarte, CA, USA
Published: November 2023

For people with HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection who develop comorbidities that require polypharmacy, treatment may be complicated due to drug interactions and overlapping toxicities of medications received. As the population with HIV ages, there are more patients developing malignancies and undergoing transplantation, and management can be complicated. This review describes the best strategies for the treatment of a hypothetical patient with HIV/HBV co-infection who develops diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and ultimately undergoes autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this theoretical case, the patient is treated with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide. Situations arise where people with HIV have underlying antiretroviral drug resistance and HBV drug resistance that require optimization of their antiviral therapy. As these types of cases are seen commonly at our institution, we discuss special situations that develop during treatment, including immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, that require close monitoring and occasional treatment modifications during their course of therapy.
A 50 year old man with progressive weakness in lower limbs
Authors:   Neurological department Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Thors Brynhildur , Guðmundsson Bjarni ,   Neurology department, Landspitali University Hospital
Published: November 2023

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare neurological disorder caused by autoimmune antibodies attacking the presynaptic neuromuscular junction, in some cases caused by underlying cancer. The main clinical finding is fluctuating weakness of the extremities and a triad of symtoms can help physicians suspect the disease. A key to the diagnosis are the electrophysiological abnormalities seen in this group of diseases. Treatment with symtomatic and/or immunosuppressive therapy is important as well as a workup for possible malignancy. This article identifies the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of this uncommon disease.
Caracterización de la violencia telemática sufrida por mujeres y sus consecuencias emocionales, en Paraguay año 2022
Authors: Vázquez Alcaraz Juan José , Centurión Claudia , Vera Vargas Miguela Dominga , Maggi Cárdenas Irma Carol , Ovelar Lilian
Published: November 2023

La violencia telemática contra la mujer es un problema que con el auge de las redes sociales y la pandemia ha ganado notoriedad, según la Ley 5777/16 de Protección Integral a las Mujeres es un delito. El objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar la violencia telemática sufrida por mujeres y sus consecuencias emocionales, en Paraguay año 2022, mediante un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo, trasversal, con una muestra de 459 mujeres, participantes en una encuesta con un formulario digital de Google distribuido en redes sociales, utilizando la Escala de impacto del evento-EIE. Los resultados fueron: 18,3% (84) padecieron de violencia telemática, de ellas la edad promedio fue 36 años, estado civil solteras (60%), salario mayor al mínimo (61,9%), provenientes de Central (43%) y Capital (39%), con nivel de formación universitario (85,7%). La frecuencia fue “a veces” (54,8%) y la principal vía WhatsApp (71,4%) como mensajes (47,6%). La EIE evidenció afectación severa (50%), consecuencias en la relación de pareja (21,4%) y laborales (14,3%) fueron referidas. Las acciones tomadas fueron el bloqueo del agresor (52,3%), no denunciar (34,5%) e ignorar el mensaje (30,9%). También sufrieron violencia psicológica (65,4%), física (21,4%) y sexual (17,8%); el conocimiento de la Ley 5777/16 fue escaso. Se concluye que el fenómeno se presenta en aproximadamente 2/10 mujeres, en frecuencia “a veces”, perpetrada por desconocidos o contactos, afectando severamente a la mujer, hay quienes no denuncian o ignoran el hecho, así también sufren otras formas de violencia concomitantemente y predomina el desconocimiento de la Ley 5777/16.
Importancia de la mercadotecnia electrónica para las pymes paraguayas
Authors: Alegre Brítez Miguel Ángel , Kwan Chung Chap Kau
Published: November 2023

El artículo examina la importancia de la mercadotecnia electrónica para las PYMES paraguayas, los desafíos que enfrentan, las estrategias exitosas y las recomendaciones proporcionadas por los 50 líderes empresariales. Se empleó una metodología cualitativa, que incluyó entrevistas a líderes empresariales en Paraguay. Los hallazgos revelaron que la mercadotecnia electrónica es fundamental para el éxito y la supervivencia de las PYMES en el entorno empresarial actual. Además, se identificaron desafíos clave, como la falta de conocimiento y experiencia en marketing digital, la asignación de recursos financieros limitados y la falta de personal capacitado. Las estrategias exitosas incluyeron la optimización de motores de búsqueda, la gestión de redes sociales, el marketing de contenidos y el correo electrónico. Se concluye que con esta información proporciona una base sólida para que las PYMES paraguayas adopten estrategias de mercadotecnia electrónica efectivas y se adapten a las características del mercado paraguayo.
Sustentabilidad de un parque urbano de la ciudad de Asunción: Caso parque Carlos Antonio López, año 2021
Authors: Pecci Oviedo María Emilia
Published: November 2023

Se analizó la sustentabilidad del Parque Carlos Antonio López teniendo en cuenta el concepto de indicadores sostenibles y de elemento integrador de ciudades que se dirigen a ser más inclusivas y resilientes aplicando los principios del Desarrollo Sostenible, que muestra la dinámica urbana y su incidencia al medio ambiente. La metodología fue observacional y descriptiva, la muestra consistió en 88 (ochenta y ocho) encuestas aplicadas a un cuestionario estructurado. Por otro lado, se describieron indicadores cuyas variables mostraron el rol ecológico, ambiental y social de este espacio público. Los resultados mostraron que el parque requiere una intervención que adecue a los principios de sustentabilidad para convertirse en un parque sostenible. Esta intervención debe enfocarse en la funcionalidad económica y/o manejo de los recursos, optar por soluciones utilizando tecnologías nuevas e implementar medidas correctivas que impactan negativamente en los recursos del parque.
Important Considerations for ADHD ‘Patient and Public’ Involvement and Engagement in Research
Authors: French Blandine
Published: November 2023

In this letter, we summarise key points of learning from research projects on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that have had patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) as a key part of the research process. We share learning from our experiences in delivering research working with PPIE groups with ADHD, as top tips for researchers. Our aim is to highlight the importance of including lived-experience in ADHD research, share learning and highlight some of the (potentially invisible) differences in functioning that someone with ADHD can experience in relation to attentional focus, organisation, and time management. Specifically, how these might impact working practices of PPIE groups that include people with ADHD. Lay summary: This research discusses the importance of involving individuals with ADHD in research and shares insights gained. It emphasizes the unique challenges faced by those with ADHD in terms of attention, organization, and time management, which might not always be apparent. The paper offers practical tips for researchers to better engage with ADHD groups, aiming to ensure that their experiences and perspectives are considered in the research process. In summary, it highlights the value of including firsthand experiences in ADHD research and provides guidance for researchers to enhance this inclusion.
Perioperative Complications in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Comparative Cohort Analysis A Comparative Cohort Analysis
Authors: J. Carr Zyad
Published: November 2023

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disorder with pathological manifestations affecting multiple organ systems. Few studies have examined perioperative outcomes in patients with this disorder. The primary aim of this retrospective single-center comparative cohort analysis was to estimate the incidence of select perioperative complications in a population of SSc patients. In an exploratory analysis, we analyzed the relationship between SSc and susceptibility to select perioperative complications when treated at a large quaternary-care institution. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective, comparative cohort study to compare perioperative outcomes in a SSc (n=258) and a frequency matched control cohort (n=632). We analyzed for the presence of major composite infection (MCI), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality, in-hospital complications, length of stay and airway management outcomes. Results: MCI was higher in the SSc compared to the control cohort [adjusted odds ratio (ORadj)=5.02 (95%CI: 2.47-10.20) p<0.001]. Surgical site infection (3.5% vs. 0%, p<0.001), and other infection types (5% vs. 0%, p<0.001) were higher in the SSc cohort. MACE was not significantly different between SSc vs. Control groups [6.2% vs. 7.9%, ORadj=1.33 (95%CI: 0.61-2.91) p=0.48]. Higher rates of limited cervical range of motion (13.6% vs. 3.5%, p<0.001), microstomia (11.5% vs. 1.3%, p<0.001) and preoperative difficult airway designation (8.7% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) were observed in the SSc cohort. Bag mask ventilation grade was similar between groups (p=0.44). After adjustment, there was no between-group difference in Cormack-Lehane grade 3 and 4 view on direct laryngoscopy in SSc patients [ORadj = 1.86 (95%CI: 0.612 -5.66) p=0.18] but evidence of higher rates of video laryngoscopy [ORadj= 1.87 (95%CI:1.07 - 3.27) p=0.03]. Length of stay [median: 0.2 vs. 0.3 days, p=0.08], 30-day mortality [1.2% vs. 0.6%, ORadj=2.79 (95%CI: 0.50-15.6) p=0.24] and readmission [11.5% vs. 8.1%, ORadj=1.64 (95%CI: 0.96 – 2.82) p=0.07] were not statistically significant. Conclusions: SSc patients demonstrate mostly similar rates of MACE, 30-day mortality, length of stay intraoperative and airway complications. There is evidence of increased risk of overall 30-day MCI risk and readmission after endoscopic procedures.
Efficiency of Health Systems in Middle-Income Countries and Determinants of Efficiency in Latin American and the Caribbean
Authors: Goyeneche Laura , Bauhoff Sebastian
Published: November 2023

We estimate the efficiency of health spending in 145 middle and high-income and the potential gains from improving efficiency for a range of health system outputs using Data Envelopment Analysis for 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 and examine associations with health system characteristics. Focusing on Latin American and Caribbean countries, we find large variability in efficiency and overall substantial potential gains in the later period, despite improvements over time. Our results suggest that, for example, improving spending efficiency could increase life expectancy at birth by 3.5 years (4.6%), or slightly more than the 3.4 year improvement in average life expectancy in the region between 2000 and 2015. Similarly, improved efficiency could reduce neonatal mortality by 6.7 per 1,000 live births (62%), increase service coverage by 6 percentage points (8.7%), and reduce the rich-poor gap in birth attendance by 10 percentage points (12.6%). We find that governance quality is positively associated with efficiency. Overall, the findings indicate an urgent need to improve efficiency in the region and substantial scope for realizing the potential gains of such improvements.
Instituciones fiscales en los países de la Región Andina y retos derivados del proceso de descarbonización
Authors: Andrian Leandro Gaston , Hirs Jorge , Valencia Oscar
Published: November 2023

Se analiza los retos fiscales que enfrentan los países de la Región Andina ante el aumento de la deuda pública y el proceso de descarbonización global. La deuda pública se ha incrementado en la mayoría de los países andinos durante las últimas décadas, especialmente por el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19, lo que plantea la necesidad de mejorar la eficiencia del gasto público, la recaudación tributaria y la sostenibilidad fiscal. Asimismo, los países con abundancia de recursos naturales no renovables podrían verse afectados por la menor demanda mundial de combustibles fósiles, lo que implicaría una reducción de los ingresos fiscales derivados de las Industrias Extractivas y un riesgo de activos varados. Para minimizar este riesgo, se necesitan contar contar con instituciones fiscales adecuadas es clave para mantener la estabilidad macroeconómica y el desarrollo de la región.
Coeficiente intelectual en población escolar con dislexia: un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales
Authors: Quintero-López Catalina , Gil-Vera Víctor Daniel , Rúa Arias Yulissa Fernanda , Santamaría Tamayo María Carolina , Ruiz Galarzo Nathalia , Cataño González Sebastián
Published: November 2023

Un adecuado funcionamiento intelectual favorece el aprendizaje (pedagógico y experiencial) y la resolución de problemáticas. Las personas con dislexia presentan un coeficiente intelectual total (CIT) normal, con deficiencias cognoscitivas que afectan la adquisición de competencias lectoras. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue analizar la relación entre los índices del coeficiente intelectual y el CIT, en 120 pacientes diagnosticados con dislexia, con edades comprendidas entre los 7 y 16 años, que se encuentran en proceso de intervención en un centro neuropsicológico de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Se construyó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (MEE) en el software RCran 4.0.4, examinando la relación entre las variables latentes: Memoria de Trabajo (MT), Comprensión Verbal (CV), Velocidad de Procesamiento (VP), Razonamiento Perceptivo (RP) y CIT, con la Escala Wechsler de inteligencia. Los resultados arrojan que la covarianza entre el índice de MT y el CIT fue positiva (.73), indicando una relación directa entre ambas variables. Se concluye un bajo rendimiento en el índice de MT y el CIT de la población evaluada.
Research of the state of customs clearance of cargo at the Ukrainian border transfer points
Authors: Shelekhan Hanna , Mkrtychyan Olena , Afonina Anastasiia
Published: November 2023

In international transportation, waiting in line for customs clearance often takes several times longer than the actual customs clearance. This article aims to show the influence of the technological and technical component of the customs process on its effectiveness, as well as the need to improve the methods of customs control during international transportation. The analysis of data on the current state of export transportation in Ukraine allowed us to identify the reasons for delays at border customs posts during international cargo transportation. The existing measures to improve customs procedures with cargo were reviewed. The prospects for carrying out technological operations and developing technical solutions to increase the efficiency of customs services and reduce the time of cargo clearance are outlined.
Pengaruh Karbopol dan Propilen Glikol terhadap Laju Penetrasi Sediaan Emulgel Xanthone Rich Fraction dari Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Authors: Dahlizar Sabrina , Alifia Agustina Putri , Fitriana Narti , Wira Septama Abdi , Fajriah Sofa , Herdini Herdini
Published: November 2023

Xanthone Rich Fraction (XRF) derived from mangosteen rind (G. mangostana L.) contains α-mangostin possessed antioxidant property. It may be used to prevent aging (anti-aging). This study aims to determine the effect of adding Carbopol as a gelling agent and propylene glycol as an enhancer on the physical characteristics and penetration rate of the emulgel. Four different formulas were prepared, F1 without a gelling agent (Carbopol) and enhancer (propylene glycol), F2 without a gelling agent (carbopol), F3 using a gelling agent (carbopol), and F4 using a gelling agent (carbopol) and enhancer (propylene glycol). The physical properties of formulas such as organoleptic examination, pH, viscosity, homogeneity, spreadability and cycling test were evaluated. Penetration testing was carried out using a Franz Diffusion cell. The results showed that F3 and F4 had the best physical stability and there was a difference in the penetration rate of α-mangostin from the four formulas. The amount of α-mangostin expanding the area for 6 hours, F1, F2, F3 and F4 were 228,22 µg/cm2; 251,06 µg/cm2(Tabel 3); 852,24 µg/cm2; dan 1.087,15 µg/cm2 respectively. The addition of a combination of Carbopol (gelling agent) and propylene glycol (enhancer) showed the highest penetration rate
Development of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Teachers (JSE-T) to Measure Empathy in Educationally Relevant Situations
Authors: Paulus Christoph M , Klopp Eric
Published: November 2023

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy is one of the most commonly used scales in medical education to measure empathy. It is specific to the field of medical education and geared toward orienting medical students to physician empathy in patient care situations. The scale was transferred to the educational context in teacher education. In doing so, the questionnaire was reduced from the original 20 items to 9 because of content and methodological issues. A CFA showed good model-fit parameters for a three-factor model, and correlations with the German version of the Interpersonal reactivity Index were in line with the magnitudes reported in previous literature. In total, the JST-E scales show evidence for their factorial and convergent validity and their reliability. The JSE-T proves to be a good instrument for measuring empathy in educational contexts and thus closes the gap between trait measurement procedures such as the IRI and concrete-situational judgment tests, so that an economical, multidimensional testing of empathy becomes possible.
Creativity and Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Akpur Ugur
Published: November 2023

The ability to think and act creatively is significant for individuals as well as societies. Within the context of education, creativity is considered as one of most the fundamental aspects of cognitive development and thus creativity playing an important role in educational settings has drawn attention in view of its association with academic achievement. In this respect, the purpose of the current study was formed to investigate the impact of creativity on academic achievement in educational settings. To that goal, a meta-analytic approach was applied and studies published in Academic Search Ultimate Database, ERIC and SCOPUS between 2005 and 2022 were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis was solely confined to studies that provided the correlation coefficients between the variables. To this end, 18 relevant papers with a total sample size of 6846 were included in the study. The findings showed that the overall effect size was ,619 and this figure points a mediumsized effect according to the classification of effect sizes. In other words, it can be concluded that the total effect size of creativity on academic achievement is medium. The findings of study and their implications were discussed.
The Issue of Human Resources Aging in the Education System
Authors: Ratiu Madalina-Ioana
Published: November 2023

In contemporary society, the problem of population aging and, related to it, the problem of human resources aging is raised more and more frequently. As documented by many researchers, it has been found that the aging changes occur at both physiological and psychosocial levels and affect each employee differently. When it comes to the educational environment, the aging of teaching staff represents an increased interest at the moment, especially in Romania, even more so in the context of a possible voluntary increase in the retirement age in education. In the first part of this paper, we will carry out a review of the most relevant academic findings in relation to the challenges that arise with the aging of human resources in general and those in education, in particular. Afterwards, we will present possible openings for future research, such as those on the impact of the proposed voluntary extension of the retirement age in the education system in Romania. We will conclude with a series of practical considerations related to the challenges that the management of human resources in education will likely face under the pressure of the mentioned impact
The Response Process in Psychometric (Intelligence) Testing and Validity
Authors: van Grinsven Vanessa Torres
Published: November 2023

Standardized (psychometric) tests are common tools used in the diagnosis of learning and behavior disabilities in children. In this essay, I argue that, in a test-taking situation with a psychometric test, complex interrelationships take place. This complex interaction shapes the response process which results in a performance, i.e., the results of this test. Current psychometric practices and test-taking practices and interpretation of results fail to take this response process sufficiently into account. I present the interactionist and process-performance approach as a framework to help address this phenomenon, discuss a few examples of subtests of WISC IV based on this approach, and call for more research into the response process and aspects of tests that may impact validity.
The Association Between Compulsive Buying Disorder and Childhood Trauma
Authors: ElBarazi Amani
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) is characterized by the recurrent purchase of unnecessary or undesirable products, resulting in severe negative effects. There is a strong empirical connection between childhood trauma and a range of self-regulation difficulties in adulthood. Adults with a history of childhood trauma generally suffer with self-regulation, including compulsive buying disorder, according to research. The objective of our research was to define compulsive buying disorder and shed light on its origins, link to other psychiatric diseases, and t2. he most effective treatment for it. Methods: A selective review of literature published between 2000 and 2022 on compulsive buying disorder. Results: We discovered a substantial link between early exposure to stressful experiences and the development of a compulsive shopping habit in adulthood. The disease of compulsive buying is very impulsive and can lead to out-of-control financial constraints. Compulsive purchasing disorder is associated with stress and depression, self-blame and low self-esteem, and is frequently viewed as a coping technique in those who feel unable to handle their difficulties. Although compulsive buying disorder is receiving more attention in consumer and psychological literature, there are few theoretical and empirical studies on its origins and treatment. Conclusion: Public policy measures that focus on education, legislation, and family professionals are likely to be of assistance to those who struggle with CBD as well as other types of excessive spending. To better understand the determinants of the CBD and to contribute to a more effective preventative intervention, more study is required.