bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revolusi Islam, Gerakan Islam dan Negara Islam: Studi Atas Pemikiran Politik Kalim Siddiqui
Authors: Mulyani
Published: March 2020

According to Siddiqui, Islamic movement is a tradional instru- ment for change. Islamic movement is not a political movement with a manifesto written by a committee. It also not an ideology conceptualized by philosophers, historians, activists, and thinkers from various faculties. The Islamic movement is purely the manifestation of God. So it will get His direct keep and maintenance. Starting from the movement led by the Prophet (PBUH), the corrective agents spread widely in Islamic history,  like a labirint planted in political culture of Muslims.
Islam di Tiongkok dan China Muslim di Jawa Pada Masa Pra-Kolonial Belanda
Authors: Sumanto Al Qurtuby
Published: March 2020

Chinese Muslim community play a role in the history of Islami- zation in Java, so it should be raised "Theory of China" in the history of the entry and development of Islam in the region. So far, the discussion of Islamization theory is always associated with the Middle East /Arab and India only- like pioneer of the theory of Arab/Middle East is Crawfurd, Keijzer, Naimann, de Hollander, including some Indonesia-Malay histo- rians like Hasjmi, al-Attas, Hamka, Djajadiningrat and Mukti Ali. While advocates of the India theory among others are Pijnapel, Hurgronje, Morison, Kern, Winsted, Fatimi, Vlekke, Gonda and Srhrieke. Almost no historians who argue explicitly that the Islamization in Java comes from China. Though both "Theory of India" and the Middle East, especially Saudi Hadramaut aren’t free of weaknesses.
Pergolakan Mesir: Dari Revolusi ke Transisi Demokrasi
Authors: Herdi Sahrasad
Published: March 2020

The 2011 revolution in Egypt started with marches, demonstrations and civil resistance on January 25. Protesters were inspired by the successful uprising in Tunisia, where demonstrators succeeded in bringing down the govern- ment. People came on to the streets demanding the overthrow of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. They complained of poverty, unemployment, corruption and autocratic governance of the president who had ruled the country for 30 years. Demonstrators included Islamic, liberal, anti-capi- talist, nationalist and feminist elements. The Egyptian protesters' grievances focused on legal and political issues, including police brutality, state-of-emergency laws, lack of free elections and freedom of speech, corruption, and economic issues including high un- employment, food-price inflation and low wages.The protesters' primary demands were the end of the Mubarak regime and emergency law, freedom, justice, a responsive non-military government and a voice in managing Egypt's resources. Strikes by labour unions added to the pressure on government officials.
The Perspective of Man in Islam and Christianity
Authors: Rasi Fathor
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study is to know the perspective of man in Islam and Christianity. The essence of human can be comprehend only through intuitive reason which is called intellectual or the Eye of Hurt (in Arabic word ‘ayn al-qalb) rather than merely rely on discursive reason or the ratio. An effort to revive the divine dimensions in the hearts and behavior of modern man is very important to create a harmony and god relation between man and nature. Modern man has already melted in the mud of is his daily life and it’s almost impossible to be near to the Spirit of his Lord. It can be concluded that any assessments, interpretations of all events and human phenomena cannot be accepted if placing human as a marginal entity or rim. By stating that man is a small nature (microcosm) and the nature is large man (the macrocosm) which has been direct manifestation of God's names, it has a significant meaning to the perspective and the relationship between God, nature and humankind.
Literature-in-English as a Tool for Fostering Intercultural Communicative Competence in Multicultural Classrooms in Nigeria
Authors: Oladotun Opeoluwa Olagbaju
Published: March 2020

Nigeria is a nation of several unique ethnic nationalities with diverse cultures. Cultural diversity has been identified as one of the factors responsible for growing civil unrest, insecurity and hate speeches in different parts of Nigeria. Multiculturalism is a common experience in several Nigerian states and the Nigerian education system. Efforts to inculcate intercultural competence among the members of the numerous ethnic groups and cultural identities in the country have been in form of legislation, convocation of national conferences and certain ‘political concessions’ to different ethnic groups. In spite of these efforts, very little has been achieved. The concern of this study is to discuss how education, through the tool of literature-in-English, can be engaged to teach intercultural communicative competence in multicultural classrooms. Recommendations were made on how to use literature-in-English to facilitate cross-cultural competence in Nigeria.
Notes for a Critique to the Program of the Sociology of Emotions
Authors: Vivian Romeu
Published: March 2020

This work elaborates a critique of the current program of the sociology of emotions that is located in the conceptual space around the definition of society. This impacts on the good development of concepts such as social interaction and cognition, fundamental to think about the role of the social in the emotional and emotional life of the subjects, in turn affecting the development of the sociology of emotions program which currently results incomplete and insufficient to explain the relationship between emotion, individual and society.
A Rapid Method of Identification of Garnet in Beach Sands Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Tasneem Fariha , Khan Zulfiqar Hasan , Islam Ahatashamul , Faiza Nuzhat , Kabir SM Mainul , Talukder Aminul I , Haider AFM Yusuf , Md Wahadoszamen -
Published: March 2020

In this work, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used for investigating the presence of heavy mineral garnet (X3Y2(SiO4)3, where the X represent either of Ca2+ , Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and the Y site contain either of Fe3+, Cr2+, Al3+ ) in beach sand samples collected from Sitakunda, Bangladesh. To achieve the goal, in the first attempt, a comprehensive spectral profiling of the laboratory grade garnet was done and the identified emission lines were employed as the reference lines for discovering the presence of the elements of garnet in the LIBS spectra of different sand samples and an arbitrary soil sample. The average intensity ratio for these reference lines of Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, estimated in different sand samples and the isolated garnet sample, is found to be about 60 % (against the average intensity ratio of about 20 % estimated for general soil sample and garnet), substantiating the presence of garnet in sand with significant concentration. Therefore, LIBS can be used as a useful alternative experimental tool for predicting the presence of minerals in the sand samples and for the exploration of new geological site in Bangladesh.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 2, 149-157, 2019
The Tower of Hanoi Problem with Evildoer Discs
Authors: Majumdar AAK
Published: March 2020

This paper deals with a variant of the classical Tower of Hanoi problem with n ( ≥ 1) discs, of which r discs are evildoers, each of which can be placed directly on top of a smaller disc any number of times. Denoting by E(n, r) the minimum number of moves required to solve the new variant, is given a scheme find the optimality equation satisfied by E(n, r). An explicit form of E(n, r) is then obtained.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 2, 205-209, 2019
Monitoring of Pyrethroid Resistance Allele Frequency in the Common Bed Bug (Cimex lectularius) in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Cho Susie , Kim Heung-Chul , Chong Sung-Tae , Klein Terry A. , Kwon Deok Ho , Lee Si Hyeock , Kim Ju Hyeon
Published: March 2020

Two-point mutations (V419L and L925I) on the voltage-sensitive sodium channel of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) are known to confer pyrethroid resistance. To determine the status of pyrethroid resistance in bed bugs in Korea, resistance allele frequencies of bed bug strains collected from several US military installations in Korea and Mokpo, Jeollanamdo, from 2009-2019 were monitored using a quantitative sequencing. Most bed bugs were determined to have both of the point mutations except a few specimens, collected in 2009, 2012 and 2014, having only a single point mutation (L925I). No susceptible allele was observed in any of the bed bugs examined, suggesting that pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations in Korea has reached a serious level. Large scale monitoring is required to increase our knowledge on the distribution and prevalence of pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations in Korea. Based on present study, it is urgent to restrict the use of pyrethroids and to introduce effective alternative insecticides. A nation-wide monitoring program to determine the pyrethroid resistance level in bed bugs and to select alternative insecticides should be implemented.
Nilai Islami pada Proses Rekrutmen Karyawan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Authors: Budi Cantika Yuli Sri , Malik Nazaruddin
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi nilai islami pada proses rekrutmen di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi, dengan meneliti pengalaman yang disadari oleh informan (conscious experience). Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi sehingga dapat menggali lebih dalam tentang implementasi nilai islami pada proses rekrutmen yang ada di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Informan penelitian ini adalah (1) Pimpinan Universitas; (2) Karyawan. Teknik analisis data kualitatif dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 3 (tiga) analisis yaitu: Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data, dan Penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Proses rekrutmen di UMM : 1) Sudah sesuai dengan nilai islami yang bersumber dari Al Qur’an dan Hadits; 2) Pimpinan UMM menunaikan amanah yang diwujudkan dalam memilih karyawan dan menetapkan hukum secara adil sesuai QS An Nisa (4) ayat 58 dan QS Al Maidah (5) ayat 8; 3) Mengangkat karyawan yang paling layak dan sesuai seperti dalam QS An Nisaa (4) ayat 59 ; 4) Memilih karyawan dengan kualitas terbaik secara selektif sesuai dengan sabda Rasulullah SAW dalam HR. Baihaqi; 5) Memilih karyawan yang mempunyai kapabilitas dan amanah sesuai QS Al Anfaal (8) Ayat 27
Perbandingan Kinerja Reksadana Konvensional dengan Syariah
Authors: Utari Handayani Trie , Wahyu Santosa Perdana , Setianingrum Any
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini membandingkan kinerja reksadana konvensional dengan reksadana syariah di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji beda independent samples t-test. Reksadana yang diuji adalah pendapatan tetap dan saham dengan periode 2014-2016 dengan motode Treynor, Sharpe dan Jensen.Temuan pengujian kinerja reksadana menunjukkan bahwa reksadana konvensional dan reksadana syariah pendapatan tetap mempunyai kinerja yang tidak berbeda pada imbal hasilnya. Sedangkan dengan metode Jensen kinerja reksadana mempunyai perbedaan. Pada reksadana konvensional dan reksadana syariah saham menunjukkan kinerja return yang tidak berbeda, menggunakan metode Treynor, Sharpe dan Jensen
Perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar kognitif dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning berbantuan media audio visual
Authors: Herlina Meti , Syahfitri Jayanti , Ilista Ilista
Published: March 2020

Utilization of Problem Based Learning models assisted by learning media to improve critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of students have not run optimally. This study aims to determine the differences in critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of students with Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning models assisted by audio-visual media in SMA Negeri 06 Bengkulu City. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was students of class XI SMA Negeri 06 Bengkulu City with two sample groups namely experiment and control with 36 people each. The instrument used, namely essay question test totaling 5 questions that measure critical thinking and multiple-choice questions totaling 10 questions to measure cognitive learning outcomes. The research data analysis technique used a t-test. The results showed that there were differences in critical thinking skills and student cognitive learning outcomes. This is evident from the t-count value of critical thinking skills of 6.414 (> t-table) and cognitive learning outcomes of 5.826 (> t-table). This research concludes that there are differences in critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of students with PBL models assisted by audio-visual media.
Brainwork and Community in ‘Eden Bower’
Authors: Witcher Heather Bozant
Published: March 2020

By tracing the creative process in the archival drafts of ‘Eden Bower’, I demonstrate the intellectual ardour and creative exertion contained within each of Rossetti's poems. I posit that such a process becomes embedded in his prosody (or affective music of verse), particularly, as this article will explore, the rhythm of the refrain ballads in the first part of Poems (1870). In doing so, I suggest that Poems offers a response akin to William Morris's usage of the performative lyric as a transformation of collective, social fellowship, while providing, also, a framework for defining the lyric potential of Pre-Raphaelite poetics. It is well recognized that Rossetti sought advice and suggestions from friends and fellow poets at every stage in the creation and publication of Poems. And yet, there has been little attention given to Rossetti's responses to those recommendations. Preserved within the archive, Rossetti's material response to these suggestions can be witnessed in his revisions to his poetry. By analysing these drafts alongside the correspondence, I demonstrate the ways in which Rossetti's lyric form and innovation is indebted to fraternal brainwork.
Protected Organic Acids Improved Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Decreased Gas Emission in Broilers
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Hai , Kim In Ho
Published: March 2020

We investigated the effects of a blend of organic acids (OAs) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) supplementation in 800 1-d-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens (42 ± 0.90 g) in a 7-week study. Broiler chicks were randomly allocated into one of the five dietary treatments (16 birds per pen with 10 pens per treatment). Dietary treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal based basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with blend of OAs and MCFAs at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 g, and 1 g per kg of feed. In the current study, during the whole experimental period, the inclusion of the blend of OAs and MCFAs in the basal diet linearly improved (p < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and dry matter digestibility. The increasing inclusion of the blend of OA and MCFA levels in the diets linearly decreased (p = 0.002) feed intake during d 1 to 7. Broilers fed diets containing different levels of the blend of OAs and MCFAs showed a linear increase (p = 0.006) in Lactobacillus concentrations and decrease (p = 0.014) in ammonia (NH3) at the end of the experiment. However, the blend of OAs and MCFAs did not affect carcass quality, E. coli, and Salmonella counts, as well as hydrogen sulfide and total mercaptans gas emission (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the blend of OA and MCFA supplementation positively influenced growth performance, DM digestibility, excreta Lactobacillus counts, as well as NH3 gas emission in broiler chickens.
Control Strategy Development of Driveline Vibration Reduction for Power-Split Hybrid Vehicles
Authors: Hwang Hsiu-Ying , Lan Tian-Syung , Chen Jia-Shiun
Published: March 2020

In order to achieve better performance of fuel consumption in hybrid vehicles, the internal combustion engine is controlled to operate under a better efficient zone and often turned off and on during driving. However, while starting or shifting the driving mode, the instantaneous large torque from the engine or electric motor may occur, which can easily lead to a high vibration of the elastomer on the driveline. This results in decreased comfort. A two-mode power-split hybrid system model with elastomers was established with MATLAB/Simulink. Vibration reduction control strategies, Pause Cancelation strategy (PC), and PID control were developed in this research. When the system detected a large instantaneous torque output on the internal combustion engine or driveline, the electric motor provided corresponding torque to adjust the torque transmitted to the shaft mitigating the vibration. To the research results, in the two-mode power-split hybrid system, PC was able to mitigate the vibration of the engine damper by about 60%. However, the mitigation effect of PID and PC-PID was better than PC, and the vibration was able to converge faster when the instantaneous large torque input was made. In the frequency response, the effect of the PID blocking vibration source came from the elastomer was about 75%, while PC-PID additionally reduced 8% by combining the characteristics of the two control methods.
Non-Thermal Plasma Induces Antileukemic Effect Through mTOR Ubiquitination
Authors: Kim Sun-Yong , Kim Hyo Jeong , Kim Haeng Jun , Kim Chul-Ho
Published: March 2020

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has been studied as a novel therapeutic tool for cancer that does not damage healthy cells. In this study, we show that NTP-treated solutions (NTS) can induce death in various leukemia cells through mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) ubiquitination. Previously, we manufactured and demonstrated the efficacy of NTS in solid cancers. NTS did not exhibit any deleterious side effects, such as acute death or weight loss in nude mice. In the present study, NTS induced cell death in myeloid leukemia cells, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We found that mTOR was downregulated in NTS-treated cells via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). We also identified ‘really interesting new gene’ finger protein 126 (RNF126) as a novel binding protein for mTOR through protein arrays and determined the role of E3 ligase in NTS-induced mTOR ubiquitination. NTS-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) affected RNF126 expression and lysosomal dysfunction. These findings suggest that NTS has potential antileukemic effects through RNF126-mediated mTOR ubiquitination with no deleterious side effects. Thus, NTS may represent a new therapeutic method for chemotherapy-resistant leukemia.
Nonlinear Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics Based on the Ehrenfest–Klein Model
Authors: Zhernokleev Gleb A. , Martyushev Leonid M.
Published: March 2020

Nonlinear non-equilibrium thermodynamic relations have been constructed based on the generalized Ehrenfest–Klein model. Using these relations, the behavior of the entropy and its production in time at arbitrary deviations from equilibrium has been studied. It has been shown that the transient fluctuation theorem is valid for this model if a dissipation functional is treated as the thermodynamic entropy production.
Path Planning of Pattern Transfer Based on Dual-Operator and a Dual-Population Ant Colony Algorithm for Digital Mask Projection Lithography
Authors: Wang Yingzhi , Han Tailin , Jiang Xu , Yan Yuhan , Liu Hong
Published: March 2020

In the process of digital micromirror device (DMD) digital mask projection lithography, the lithography efficiency will be enhanced greatly by path planning of pattern transfer. This paper proposes a new dual operator and dual population ant colony (DODPACO) algorithm. Firstly, load operators and feedback operators are used to update the local and global pheromones in the white ant colony, and the feedback operator is used in the yellow ant colony. The concept of information entropy is used to regulate the number of yellow and white ant colonies adaptively. Secondly, take eight groups of large-scale data in TSPLIB as examples to compare with two classical ACO and six improved ACO algorithms; the results show that the DODPACO algorithm is superior in solving large-scale events in terms of solution quality and convergence speed. Thirdly, take PCB production as an example to verify the time saved after path planning; the DODPACO algorithm is used for path planning, which saves 34.3% of time compared with no path planning, and is about 1% shorter than the suboptimal algorithm. The DODPACO algorithm is applicable to the path planning of pattern transfer in DMD digital mask projection lithography and other digital mask lithography.
An Ensemble Forecasting Model of Wind Power Outputs Based on Improved Statistical Approaches
Authors: Kim Yeojin , Hur Jin
Published: March 2020

The number of wind-generating resources has increased considerably, owing to concerns over the environmental impact of fossil-fuel combustion. Therefore, wind power forecasting is becoming an important issue for large-scale wind power grid integration. Ensemble forecasting, which combines several forecasting techniques, is considered a viable alternative to conventional single-model-based forecasting for improving the forecasting accuracy. In this work, we propose the day-ahead ensemble forecasting of wind power using statistical methods. The ensemble forecasting model consists of three single forecasting approaches: autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variable (ARIMAX), support vector regression (SVR), and the Monte Carlo simulation-based power curve model. To apply the methodology, we conducted forecasting using the historical data of wind farms located on Jeju Island, Korea. The results were compared between a single model and an ensemble model to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Statistical and Spatial Analysis of Hurricane-induced Roadway Closures and Power Outages
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Mahyar , Koloushani Mohammadreza , Ulak Mehmet Baran , Ozguven Eren Erman , Jouneghani Reza Arghandeh
Published: March 2020

Hurricanes lead to substantial infrastructure system damages, such as roadway closures and power outages, in the US annually, especially in states like Florida. As such, this paper aimed to assess the impacts of Hurricane Hermine (2016) and Hurricane Michael (2018) on the City of Tallahassee, the capital of Florida, via exploratory spatial and statistical analyses on power outages and roadway closures. First, a geographical information systems (GIS)-based spatial analysis was conducted to explore the power outages and roadway closure patterns in the city including kernel density estimation (KDE) and density ratio difference (DRD) methods. In order to provide a more detailed assessment on which population segments were more affected, a second step included a statistical analysis to identify the relationships between demographic- and socioeconomic-related variables and the magnitude of power outages and roadway closures caused by these hurricanes. The results indicate that the high-risk locations for roadway closures showed different patterns, whereas power outages seemed to have similar spatial patterns for the hurricanes. The findings of this study can provide useful insights and information for city officials to identify the most vulnerable regions which are under the risk of disruption. This can lead to better infrastructure plans and policies.
Geomechanical Analysis for Deep Shale Gas Exploration Wells in the NDNR Blocks, Sichuan Basin, Southwest China
Authors: Zheng Majia , Tang Hongming , Li Hu , Zheng Jian , Jing Cui
Published: March 2020

The abundant reserve of shale gas in Sichuan Basin has become a significant natural gas component in China. To achieve efficient development of shale gas, it is necessary to analyze the stress state, pore pressure, and reservoir mechanical properties such that an accurate geomechanical model can be established. In this paper, Six wells of Neijiang-Dazu and North Rongchang (NDNR) Block were thoroughly investigated to establish the geomechanical model for the study area. The well log analysis was performed to derive the in-situ stresses and pore pressure while the stress polygon was applied to constrain the value of the maximum horizontal principal stress. Image and caliper data, mini-frac test and laboratory rock mechanics test results were used to calibrate the geomechanical model. The model was further validated by comparing the model prediction against the actual wellbore failure observed in the field. It was found that it is associated with the strike-slip (SS) stress regime; the orientation of SHmax was inferred to be 106–130° N. The pore pressure appears to be approximately hydrostatic from the surface to 1000 m true vertical depth (TVD), but then becomes over-pressured from the Xujiahe formation. The geomechanical model can provide guidance for the subsequent drilling and completion in this area and be used to effectively avoid complex drilling events such as collapse, kick, and lost circulation (mud losses) along the entire well. Also, the in-situ stress and pore pressure database can be used to analyze wellbore stability issues as well as help design hydraulic fracturing operations.
Design of Heat-Pump Systems for Single- and Multi-Family Houses using a Heuristic Scheduling for the Optimization of PV Self-Consumption
Authors: Kemmler Thomas , Thomas Bernd
Published: March 2020

Heat pumps in combination with a photovoltaic system are a very promising option for the transformation of the energy system. By using such a system for coupling the electricity and heat sectors, buildings can be heated sustainably and with low greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reveals a method for dimensioning a suitable system of heat pump and photovoltaics (PV) for residential buildings in order to achieve a high level of (photovoltaic) PV self-consumption. This is accomplished by utilizing a thermal energy storage (TES) for shifting the operation of the heat pump to times of high PV power production by an intelligent control algorithm, which yields a high portion of PV power directly utilized by the heat pump. In order to cover the existing set of building infrastructure, 4 reference buildings with different years of construction are introduced for both single- and multi-family residential buildings. By this means, older buildings with radiator heating as well as new buildings with floor heating systems are included. The simulations for evaluating the performance of a heat pump/PV system controlled by the novel algorithm for each type of building were carried out in MATLAB-Simulink® 2017a. The results show that 25.3% up to 41.0% of the buildings’ electricity consumption including the heat pump can be covered directly from the PV-installation per year. Evidently, the characteristics of the heating system significantly influence the results: new buildings with floor heating and low supply temperatures yield a higher level of PV self-consumption due to a higher efficiency of the heat pump compared to buildings with radiator heating and higher supply temperatures. In addition, the effect of adding a battery to the system was studied for two building types. It will be shown that the degree of PV self-consumption increases in case a battery is present. However, due to the high investment costs of batteries, they do not pay off within a reasonable period.
Numerical Study of 4H-SiC UMOSFETs with Split-Gate and P+ Shielding
Authors: Jiang Jheng-Yi , Wu Tian-Li , Zhao Feng , Huang Chih-Fang
Published: March 2020

In this paper, performances of a 4H-SiC UMOSFET with split gate and P+ shielding in different configurations are simulated and compared, with an emphasis on the switching characteristics and short circuit capability. A novel structure with the split gate in touch with the P+ shielding is proposed. The key design issues for 4H-SiC UMOSFETs are trench gate dielectric protection and reverse transfer capacitance Crss reduction. Based on simulation results, it is concluded that a UMOSFET with a gate structure combining split gate grounded to the trench bottom protection P+ shielding layer and a current spreading layer is achieved to yield the best compromise between conduction, switching, and short circuit performance. The split-gate design can effectively reduce Crss by shielding the coupling between the gate electrode and the drain region. The P+ shielding design not only protects the oxide at trench bottom corners but also minimizes the short channel effect due to drain-induced barrier lowing and the channel length modulation. Trade-off of the doping concentration of current spreading layer for UMOSFET is also discussed. A heavily doped current spreading layer may increase Crss and influence the switching time, even though RON,SP is reduced.
Multi-Objective Optimization and Matching of Power Source for PHEV Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Song Pengxiang , Lei Yulong , Fu Yao
Published: March 2020

Power system parameter matching is one of the key technologies in the development of hybrid electric vehicles. The power source is the key component of the power system which composed of engine, motor, and battery. Reasonable power source parameters are conducive to improve the power, fuel economy, and emission performance of vehicles. In this paper, regarding the problem that the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) parameter matching needs to weigh different design objectives, a multi-objective optimization and matching method based on a genetic algorithm is proposed. The vehicle dynamic model is established based on MATLAB/Simulink (Mathworks in Natick, Massachusetts, USA), and the feasibility of the model is verified by simulation. The main performance parameters of the power source are matched by theoretical analysis, and the PHEV integrated optimization simulation platform is established based on Isight(Dassault Systemes in Paris, France) and MALTAB/Simulink. Power source components are optimized considering fuel economy and lightweight objectives under the performance constraints. Firstly, the optimal matching results under different weights are obtained by transforming different objectives into single objective, and the multi-island genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal matching results in which the equivalent fuel consumption of 100km is reduced by 1%. Then the Pareto solution is obtained using the NSGA-II algorithm. The optimal matching results can be found after determining the weights of different design objectives, which proves the effectiveness and superiority of the multi-objective optimization matching method. The optimization results show that compared with the original vehicle, the fuel economy effect is increased by 2.26% and the lightweight effect is increased by 8.26%.
Analysis of Progressive Failure Mechanism of Rock Slope with Locked Section Based on Energy Theory
Authors: Guo Qifeng , Pan Jiliang , Cai Meifeng , Zhang Ying
Published: March 2020

Progressive failure in rock bridges along pre-existing discontinuities is one of the predominant destruction modes of rock slopes. The monitoring and prediction of the impending progressive failure is of great significance to ensure the stability of the rock structures and the safety of the workers. The deformation and fracture of rocks are complex processes with energy evolution between rocks and the external environment. Regarding the whole slope as a system, an energy evolution equation of rock slope systems during progressive failure was established by an energy method of systemic stability. Then, considering the weakening effect of joints and the locking effect of rock bridges, a method for calculating the safety factor of rock slopes with a locked section was proposed. Finally, the energy evolution equation and the calculation method of safety factor are verified by a case study. The results show that when the energy dissipated in the progressive failure process of rock bridges is less than the energy accumulated by itself, the deformation energy stored in the slope system can make the locked section deform continuously until the damage occurs. The system energy equal to zero can be used as the critical criterion for the dynamic instability of the rock slope with locked section. The accumulated deformation energy in the slope system can promote the development of the cracks in the locked section, and the residual energy in the critical sliding state is finally released in the form of kinetic energy, which is the main reason for the progressive dynamic instability of rock slopes.
Distribution of Some Ecotoxic Elements in Fuel and Solid Combustion Residues in Poland
Authors: Parzentny Henryk R. , Róg Leokadia
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to assess the content and distribution of some elements in coal from two bituminous coal basins and in fly ash and slag derived from combustion of the coals in six power plants in Poland. The petrographic composition and distribution of elements were characterized in the tested samples, using reflected light microscope, X-ray powder diffractometer, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray. The highest content of elements in coal occurs in siderite. In Al-Si particles, as well as in magnetite with skeletal and dendritic structure crystallized on the surface of Al-Si microspheres or cenospheres included in fly ash size < 0.05 mm and in the magnetic fraction of slag, the highest content of elements was noted. Due to the content of elements, fly ash and slag were considered to be neutral for the soil environment. Correlations, which have not been described before, have been observed between the likely mode of binding of some elements in coal and their distribution in fly ash and slag. These correlations could be of particular value when predicting the content and distribution of elements in combustion residues and in the assessment of their environmental toxicity.
Assessment Indexes for Converter P-Q Control Coupling
Authors: Vovos Panagis N. , Bouloumpasis Ioannis D. , Georgakas Konstantinos G.
Published: March 2020

This work presents a concise methodology for the calculation of assessment indexes regarding the coupling between active and reactive power control observed on distribution level converters. First, the reader is introduced to the concept of power coupling; when, where and how it appears in power control of converters. A brief summary of the theory and formulation behind it is also included, together with relevant literature. Then, the methodology for the assessment of active and reactive power control performance of any grid-connected converter is presented. The impact of small control disturbances during a testing procedure is monitored, analyzed and converted to meaningful indexes, so that the type and level of coupling is quantified without putting the converter or the grid at risk. The efficiency of the methodology to assess the type and level of coupling is verified experimentally. This is done by assessing several power control approaches with different level of decoupling efficiency on the same power converter connected to a distribution grid. While the assessment is performed with safe, minimal disturbances, its exceptional accuracy is later confirmed by the level and type of coupling observed during significant power step changes.
Comparing the Climatic and Landscape Risk Factors for Lyme Disease Cases in the Upper Midwest and Northeast United States
Authors: Dong Yuting , Huang Zheng , Zhang Yong , Wang Yingying X.G. , La Yang
Published: March 2020

Lyme disease, recognized as one of the most important vector-borne diseases worldwide, has been increasing in incidence and spatial extend in United States. In the Northeast and Upper Midwest, Lyme disease is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis. Currently, many studies have been conducted to identify factors influencing Lyme disease risk in the Northeast, however, relatively few studies focused on the Upper Midwest. In this study, we explored and compared the climatic and landscape factors that shape the spatial patterns of human Lyme cases in these two regions, using the generalized linear mixed models. Our results showed that climatic variables generally had opposite correlations with Lyme disease risk, while landscape factors usually had similar effects in these two regions. High precipitation and low temperature were correlated with high Lyme disease risk in the Upper Midwest, while with low Lyme disease risk in the Northeast. In both regions, size and fragmentation related factors of residential area showed positive correlations with Lyme disease risk. Deciduous forests and evergreen forests had opposite effects on Lyme disease risk, but the effects were consistent between two regions. In general, this study provides new insight into understanding the differences of risk factors of human Lyme disease risk in these two regions.
The Environmental and Bitter Taste Endophenotype Determinants of Picky Eating in Australian School-Aged Children 7–12 years—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study Protocol
Authors: Jani Rati , Byrne Rebecca , Love Penny , Agarwal Cathy , Peng Fanke , Yew Yang Wai , Panagiotakos Demosthenes , Naumovski Nenad
Published: March 2020

Caregivers’ perceptions of children’s pickiness are relatively scarce in relation to the five core food groups and their importance in providing a nutritionally balanced diet. Furthermore, there is no validated questionnaire that examines child-reported food preferences in an age-appropriate manner, and the use of terms such as a “picky eater” can be attributed to environmental and genetic factors. Despite potential links between children’s food preferences and endophenotype bitter taste, associations between bitter taste sensitivity and picky eating is relatively unexplored. The proposed cross-sectional study aims to develop and validate a parent-reported core-food Picky Eating Questionnaire (PEQ) and child-reported Food Preference Questionnaire (C-FPQ) and simultaneously investigate environmental and phenotype determinants of picky eating. The study will be conducted in three stages: Phase 1, piloting PEQ and C-FPQ questionnaires (15–20 primary caregivers and their children aged 7–12 years); Phase 2 and 3, validating the revised questionnaires and evaluating the 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) bitter taste sensitivity to examine perception to bitter taste (369 primary caregivers and their children). Study findings will generate new validated tools (PEQ, C-FPQ) for use in evidence-based practice and research and explore picky eating as a behavioural issue via the potential genetic-phenotype basis of bitter taste sensitivity.
Analysis of Caesarean Section Rates Using the Robson Classification System at a University Hospital in Spain
Authors: Vila-Candel Rafael , Martín Anna , Escuriet Ramón , Castro-Sánchez Enrique , Soriano-Vidal Francisco Javier
Published: March 2020

Background: The WHO recommends the use of the Robson ten-group classification system (RTGCS) as an effective monitoring and analysis tool to assess the use of caesarean sections (CS). The present study aimed to conduct an analysis of births using the RTGCS in La Ribera University Hospital over nine years and to assess the levels and trends of CS births. Methods: Retrospective study between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. All eligible women were allocated in RTGCS to determine the absolute and relative contribution made by each group to the overall CS rate; linear regression and weighted least squares regression analysis were used to analyze trends over time. The risk of CS of women with induced versus spontaneous onset of labor was calculated with an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% CI. Results: 16,506 women gave birth during the study period, 19% of them by CS. Overall, 20.4% of women were in group 1 (nulliparous, singleton cephalic, term, spontaneous labor), 29.4% in group 2 (nulliparous, singleton cephalic, term, induced labor or caesarean before labor), and 12.8% in group 4 (multiparous, singleton cephalic, term, induced or caesarean delivery before labor) made the most significant contributions to the overall rate of CS; Conclusions: In our study, Robson Groups 1, 2, and 4, were identified as the main contributors to the hospital’s overall CS rate. The RTGCS provides an easy way of collecting information about the CS rate, is a valuable clinical method that allows standardized comparison of data, and time point, and identifies the groups driving changes in CS rates.
The Role of Body Image, Disordered Eating and Lifestyle on the Quality of Life in Lithuanian University Students
Authors: Baceviciene Migle , Jankauskiene Rasa , Balciuniene Vaiva
Published: March 2020

Purpose. The present study aimed to explore the associations between body image concerns (BI), disordered eating (DE), health-related lifestyle, and the different domains of the quality of life (QoL) in a Lithuanian sample of student-aged men and women. Methods. A mixed-gender sample of students (N = 1850, 58.8% were women, average age 21.6 ± 5.0 years) completed a series of questionnaires, including health-related lifestyles, BI, DE, and QoL. A series of simultaneous multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Mediation analyses were performed to estimate the size of the total, direct, and indirect effects of variables in the models. Results. The analysis of the linear regressions demonstrated that the positive trait of body areas satisfaction was associated with the significantly enhanced QoL in all domains in both genders (for men β = 0.29–0.34; for women β = 0.26–0.33; p < 0.001). DE was associated with a poorer psychological QoL domain in women only (β = −0.07; p = 0.047). The drive for muscularity was associated with a lower QoL in men (β = −0.06–(−0.141); p < 0.05). Body areas satisfaction mediated the associations between body mass index and psychological and physical QoL in both genders (TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.975; CFI (comparative fit index) = 0.997; RMSEA (Root of the Mean Square Error) = 0.053). Conclusions. Positive traits of BI play essential roles in the QoL of student-aged women and men. The present study adds empirical evidence emphasizing the importance of integrating education about positive body image while implementing healthy lifestyle and QoL promotion programs in student-aged men and women.
Global Mapping of Interventions to Improve Quality of Life of People with Diabetes in 1990–2018
Authors: Tran Bach Xuan , Nguyen Long Hoang , Pham Ngoc Minh , Vu Huyen Thanh Thi , Nguyen Hung Trong , Phan Duong Huong , Ha Giang Hai , Pham Hai Quang , Nguyen Thao Phuong , Latkin Carl A. , Ho Cyrus S.H. , Ho Roger C.M.
Published: March 2020

Improving the quality of life (QOL) of people living with diabetes is the ultimate goal of diabetes care. This study provides a quantitative overview of global research on interventions aiming to improve QOL among people with diabetes. A total of 700 English peer-reviewed papers published during 1990–2018 were collected and extracted from the Web of Science databases. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis was undertaken to categorize papers by topic or theme. Results showed an increase in interventions to improve the QOL of patients with diabetes across the time period, with major contributions from high-income countries. Community- and family-based interventions, including those focused on lifestyle and utilizing digital technologies, were common approaches. Interventions that addressed comorbidities in people with diabetes also increased. Our findings emphasize the necessity of translating the evidence from clinical interventions to community interventions. In addition, they underline the importance of developing collaborative research between developed and developing countries.
Spatial Association Pattern of Air Pollution and Influencing Factors in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Air Pollution Transmission Channel: A Case Study in Henan Province
Authors: Qin Jianhui , Wang Suxian , Guo Linghui , Xu Jun
Published: March 2020

The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) air pollution transmission channel and its surrounding areas are of importance to air pollution control in China. Based on daily data of air quality index (AQI) and air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) from 2015 to 2016, this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of air pollution and influencing factors in Henan Province, a key region of the BTH air pollution transmission channel. The result showed that non-attainment days and NAQI were slightly improved at the provincial scale during the study period, whereas that in Hebi, Puyang, and Anyang became worse. PM2.5 was the largest contributor to the air pollution in all cities based on the number of non-attainment days, but its mean frequency decreased by 21.62%, with the mean occurrence of O3 doubled. The spatial distribution of NAQI presented a spatial agglomeration pattern, with high-high agglomeration area varying from Jiaozuo, Xinxiang, and Zhengzhou to Anyang and Hebi. In addition, the NAQI was negatively correlated with sunshine duration, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and positively to atmospheric pressure and relative humidity in all four clusters, whereas relationships between socioeconomic factors and NAQI differed among them. These findings highlight the need to establish and adjust regional joint prevention and control of air pollution as well as suggest that it is crucially important for implementing effective strategies for O3 pollution control.
Leptospira Detection in Cats in Spain by Serology and Molecular Techniques
Authors: Murillo Andrea , Cuenca Rafaela , Serrano Emmanuel , Marga Goris , Ahmed Ahmed , Cervantes Salvador , Caparrós Cristina , Vieitez Verónica , Ladina Andrea , Pastor Josep
Published: March 2020

Leptospirosis is the most neglected widespread zoonosis worldwide. In Spain, leptospirosis reports in people and animals have increased lately. Cats can become infected with Leptospira, as well as be chronic carriers. The aim of this study was to determine serological antibody prevalence against Leptospira sp., blood DNA, and shedding of DNA from pathogenic Leptospira species in the urine of cats in Spain. Microagglutination tests (MAT) and blood and urine TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed. Leptospira antibodies were detected in 10/244 cats; with 4.1% positive results (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1–7.18%). Titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:320 (serovars Ballum; Bataviae; Bratislava; Cynopteri; Grippotyphosa Mandemakers; Grippotyphosa Moskva; Pomona; and Proechimys). The most common serovar was Cynopteri. Blood samples from 1/89 cats amplified for Leptospira DNA (1.12%; 95% CI: 0.05–5.41%). Urine samples from 4/232 cats amplified for Leptospira DNA (1.72%; 95% CI: 0.55–4.10%). In conclusion free-roaming cats in Spain can shed pathogenic Leptospira DNA in their urine and may be a source of human infection. Serovars not previously described in cats in Spain were detected; suggesting the presence of at least 4 different species of pathogenic leptospires in the country (L. borgpetersenii; L. interrogans; L. kirschneri; and L. noguchii).