bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factor structure of the Cybersex Motives Questionnaire
Authors: Franc Elisabeth , Khazaal Yasser , Jasiowka Katarzyna , Lepers Thibault , Bianchi-Demicheli Francesco , Rothen Stéphane
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

The Internet is widely used for sexual activities and pornography. Little is known, however, about why people look for meetings and sexual interactions through the Internet and about the correlates of cybersex addiction. The goal of this study was to construct a questionnaire for cybersex motives [Cybersex Motives Questionnaire (CysexMQ)] by adapting the Gambling Motives Questionnaire to cybersex use and validating its structure.

Methods

Two online samples of 191 and 204 cybersex users were collected to conduct a principal component analysis (PCA) on the first sample and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the second. Cronbach’s α and composite reliability were computed to assess internal consistency. Correlations between the CysexMQ and the Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI) were also evaluated.

Results

Two competing models were retained from the PCA, one with two factors and the other with three factors. The CFA showed better fit for the three-factor solution. After three cross-loading items were removed, the results showed that a final 14-item three-factor solution (enhancement, coping, and social motives) was valid (adjusted goodness-of-fit index: 0.993; normed-fit index: 0.978; Tucker–Lewis index: 0.985; comparative fit index: 0.988; root mean square error of approximation: 0.076). Positive correlations were found between the different motives and the subscales of the SDI.

Discussion

The results suggest that the CysexMQ is adequate for the assessment of cybersex motives.
Bidirectional effects of Internet-specific parenting practices and compulsive social media and Internet game use
Authors: Koning Ina M. , Peeters Margot , Finkenauer Catrin , van den Eijnden Regina J. J. M.
Published: October 2018

Introduction

This two-wave prospective study investigated the bidirectional relation between Internet-specific parenting (reactive restrictions, Internet-specific rules, and frequency and quality of communication about Internet) and adolescents’ symptoms of social media disorder (SMD) and Internet gaming disorder (IGD). In addition, we investigated whether this relation was different for boys and girls.

Methods

A sample of 352 adolescents (48.9% boys,Mage = 13.9,SDage = 0.74, range: 11–15) completed questionnaires at two waves. Zero-inflated cross-lagged analyses in Mplus were performed to predict the level of IGD and SMD symptoms by Internet-specific parenting practices and vice versa, while controlling for age, level of education, and outcome at T1.

Results

More frequent parent–adolescent communication about Internet predicted more IGD (β = 0.26,p = .03) and SMD symptoms among boys, and more restrictive rules predicted fewer SMD symptoms among girls (β = −0.23,p = .08). More IGD symptoms predicted more reactive rules (β = 0.20,p = .08) among boys and girls and a higher frequency (β = 0.16,p = .02) and lower quality of communication (β = −0.24,p < .001) among boys and girls, respectively.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates bidirectional relations between Internet-specific parenting and IGD symptoms, but not SMD symptoms. Displaying IGD symptoms seems to elicit ineffective parental responses, which may further exacerbate problematic involvement in gaming. With respect to problematic social use media among girls, this study suggests that parents should set strict rules regarding Internet use, prior to problematic use of social media. Longitudinal studies on the role of parenting in development of Internet-related disorders would be promising in enhancing our understanding of how parents can effectively prevent problematic involvement in online behaviors among their children.
Tendencies toward Internet-pornography-use disorder: Differences in men and women regarding attentional biases to pornographic stimuli
Authors: Pekal Jaro , Laier Christian , Snagowski Jan , Stark Rudolf , Brand Matthias
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

Several authors consider Internet-pornography-use disorder (IPD) as addictive disorder. One of the mechanisms that has been intensively studied in substance- and non-substance-use disorders is an enhanced attentional bias toward addiction-related cues. Attentional biases are described as cognitive processes of individual’s perception affected by the addiction-related cues caused by the conditioned incentive salience of the cue itself. It is assumed in the I-PACE model that in individuals prone to develop IPD symptoms implicit cognitions as well as cue-reactivity and craving arise and increase within the addiction process.

Methods

To investigate the role of attentional biases in the development of IPD, we investigated a sample of 174 male and female participants. Attentional bias was measured with the Visual Probe Task, in which participants had to react on arrows appearing after pornographic or neutral pictures. In addition, participants had to indicate their sexual arousal induced by pornographic pictures. Furthermore, tendencies toward IPD were measured using the short-Internetsex Addiction Test.

Results

The results of this study showed a relationship between attentional bias and symptom severity of IPD partially mediated by indicators for cue-reactivity and craving. While men and women generally differ in reaction times due to pornographic pictures, a moderated regression analysis revealed that attentional biases occur independently of sex in the context of IPD symptoms.

Discussion

The results support theoretical assumptions of the I-PACE model regarding the incentive salience of addiction-related cues and are consistent with studies addressing cue-reactivity and craving in substance-use disorders.
The crucial role of recovery capital in individuals with a gambling disorder
Authors: Gavriel-Fried Belle
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

The concept of recovery capital (RC) describes the internal and external resources that individuals draw upon to initiate and sustain the processes of addiction recovery. This concept has been primarily applied to individuals recovering from substance addictions. In this study, the RC concept was applied to individuals with a gambling disorder (GD) to test its associations with the diagnosis and severity of GD and with levels of psychopathology as manifested in depression and anxiety.

Methods

A sample of 140 individuals who recovered or did not recover from a GD was drawn from lists of former and currently treated individuals in five gambling treatment centers in Israel. The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for GD, Assessment of Recovery Capital and Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital Scales adapted to Gambling, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 which measures depression were used.

Results

RC clearly distinguishes between individuals who have recovered from GD and those who have not. A structural equation model showed significant negative associations between RC and GD severity, depression, and generalized anxiety. The associations between GD severity and depression and anxiety were not significant. However, when omitting the path between RC and depression/anxiety, the associations between GD and depression/anxiety became significant.

Conclusions

RC plays an important role in GD severity and diagnosis, as well as in psychopathology. This study extends the concept of RC to the area of gambling and contributes to the growing body of studies that have found parallels and common denominators between substance addiction and behavioral addictions.
Bidirectional predictions between Internet addiction and probable depression among Chinese adolescents
Authors: Lau Joseph T. F. , Walden Danielle L. , Wu Anise M. S. , Cheng Kit-man , Lau Mason C. M. , Mo Phoenix K. H.
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

The aim of the study is to investigate (a) whether probable depression status assessed at baseline prospectively predicted new incidence of Internet addiction (IA) at the 12-month follow-up and (b) whether IA status assessed at baseline prospectively predicted new incidence of probable depression at follow-up.

Methods

We conducted a 12-month cohort study (n = 8,286) among Hong Kong secondary students, and derived two subsamples. The first subsample (n = 6,954) included students who were non-IA at baseline, using the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (≤63), and another included non-depressed cases at baseline (n = 3,589), using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (<16).

Results

In the first subsample, 11.5% of the non-IA cases developed IA during follow-up, and probable depression status at baseline significantly predicted new incidence of IA [severe depression: adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 2.50, 95% CI = 2.07, 3.01; moderate: ORa = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.45, 2.28; mild: ORa = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.32, 2.05; reference: non-depressed], after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. In the second subsample, 38.9% of those non-depressed participants developed probable depression during follow-up. Adjusted analysis showed that baseline IA status also significantly predicted new incidence of probable depression (ORa = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.18, 2.09).

Discussion and conclusions

The high incidence of probable depression is a concern that warrants interventions, as depression has lasting harmful effects in adolescents. Baseline probable depression predicted IA at follow-up and vice versa, among those who were free from IA/probable depression at baseline. Healthcare workers, teachers, and parents need to be made aware of this bidirectional finding. Interventions, both IA and depression prevention, should thus take both problems into consideration.
The use of naltrexone in pathological and problem gambling: A UK case series
Authors: Ward Sophie , Smith Neil , Bowden-Jones Henrietta
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

To investigate the potential indications and adverse effects of using the opioid antagonist naltrexone to treat problem gamblers.

Case presentation

The files of the 1,192 patients who were referred to the National Problem Gambling Clinic between January 2015 and June 2016 were audited. Seventeen patients were considered appropriate for treatment with naltrexone, having attended and failed to respond to psychological therapies at the clinic. Fourteen patients were placed on a regimen of 50 mg/day naltrexone.

Discussion

Of the 14 patients who were treated with naltrexone, there were 10 for whom sufficient follow-up existed to analyze the treatment efficacy and side effects of naltrexone. Patients showed significant decreases in their craving to gamble and the majority (60%) were able to abstain completely from gambling in the treatment period, with a further 20% reducing their gambling to almost nothing. The reported side effects from the naltrexone included: loss of appetite, gastrointestinal pain, headaches, sedation, dizziness, and vivid dreams. Two patients with concurrent alcohol-use disorder relapsed during the treatment. One patient relapsed after the treatment period.

Conclusions

The study showed significant outcomes in reducing gambling cravings for the sample set. Given the design of the study as a case series, there was no control group, and a number of patients were on other psychotropic medications. We recommend care when prescribing to those suffering from concurrent alcohol-use disorder.
Clustering of treatment-seeking women with gambling disorder
Authors: Granero Roser , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Mestre-Bach Gemma , Steward Trevor , García-Caro Bárbara , Prever Fulvia , Gavriel-Fried Belle , del Pino-Gutiérrez Amparo , Moragas Laura , Aymamí Neus , Gómez-Peña Mónica , Mena-Moreno Teresa , Martín-Romera Virginia , Menchón José M. , Jiménez-Murcia Susana
Published: October 2018

Background

The prevalence of gambling disorder (GD) in women has increased, but, to date, few studies have explored the features of clinical GD subtypes in female samples.

Aims

The aim of this study is to identify empirical clusters based on clinical/sociodemographic variables in a sample of treatment-seeking women with GD.

Methods

Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to a sample of n = 280 patients, using sociodemographic variables, psychopathology, and personality traits as indicators for the grouping procedure.

Results

Three mutually exclusive groups were obtained: (a) Cluster 1 (highly dysfunctional; n = 82, 29.3%) endorsed the highest levels in gambling severity, comorbid psychopathology, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence, and the lowest scores in self-directedness and cooperativeness; (b) Cluster 2 (dysfunctional; n = 142, 50.7%) achieved medium mean scores in gambling severity and psychopathological symptoms; and (c) Cluster 3 (functional; n = 56, 20.0%) obtained the lowest mean scores in gambling severity and in psychopathology, and a personality profile characterized by low levels in novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence, and the highest levels in self-directedness and cooperativeness.

Discussion and conclusions

This study sheds light on the clinical heterogeneity of women suffering from GD. Identifying the differing features of women with GD is vital to developing prevention programs and personalized treatment protocols for this overlooked population.
Adaptation and validation of Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale in Chinese population
Authors: Lam Simon Ching , Chan Zoe Sze-Long , Chong Andy Chun-Yin , Wong Wendy Wing-Chi , Ye Jiawen
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

Compulsive buying (CB) is a behavioral addiction that is conceptualized as an obsessive–compulsive and impulsive–control disorder. The Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale (RCBS), a six-item self-reporting instrument that has been validated worldwide, was developed based on this theoretical background. This study aimed to adapt RCBS to the Chinese population (RCBS-TC) to guide future national and international prevalence studies.

Methods

This methodological study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved the forward and backward translation of RCBS, the content and face validation of the RCBS, and the evaluation of its translation adequacy. Phase 2 involved the psychometric testing of RCBS-TC for its internal consistency, stability, and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results

In Phase 1, RCBS-TC obtained satisfactory item-level (I-CVI = 83.3%–100%) and scale-level content validity index (CVI/AVE = 97.2%), comprehensibility (100%), and translation adequacy [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.858]. In Phase 2, based on data collected from 821 adults, RCBS-TC demonstrated a satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .88; corrected item-total correlation coefficients = 0.61–0.78) 2-week test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.82 based on 61 university students). For construct validation, the CFA results indicated that the corrected first-order two-factor models were acceptable with the same goodness-of-fit indices (χ2/df = 8.56, CFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.98, IFI = 0.99, and RMSEA = 0.09). The 2-week test–retest reliability of RCBS-TC (n = 61) was also satisfactory (ICC = 0.82).

Discussion and conclusions

This methodological study adopted appropriate and stringent procedures to ensure that the translation and validation of RCBS-TC was of quality. The results indicate that this scale has a satisfactory reliability and validity for the Chinese population.
Wood for the trees: Perception of corruption among Hungarian youth
Authors: Bokor Tamás
Published: October 2018

The paper presents a research conducted in 2016 on the topic of relations between corruption perceptions and media usage patterns amongst Hungarian youth between 18 and 29 years. The main results can be summarised in three points. First, while half of the Y generation respondents in Hungary have already encountered corruption directly, they feel the presence of corruption stronger in the political sphere than in their everyday life. Second, 71% of the interviewees reported that honest people with a high level of integrity have less chance to prosper than their less honest peers. Third, media usage patterns of the Y generation are based mainly on social media, meanwhile print media use heavily declines. Young people reported to be overwhelmed by big corruption cases involving hardly imaginable sums of money and distant public figures. At the same time, they have very little knowledge of everyday corruption cases.
From financial support package via rescue aid to bailout: Framing the management of the Greek sovereign debt crisis
Authors: Benczes István , Benczes Réka
Published: October 2018

In the spring of 2010 Greece officially turned to the EU for help in order to prevent itself from a sovereign default. However, the Treaty on European Union explicitly prohibits any member state to ask for a so-called bailout (i.e., financial assistance) from the other member states or the EU itself. Thus, overnight the Greek financial crisis became a linguistic one as well: how to communicate the notion of financial assistance without implying one? In light of this conundrum, the paper investigates how leading European and American newspapers have communicated the financial assistance by looking at the rather diverse expressions used for the notion of “bailout” that appeared in select articles published on the pivotal dates of the crisis management process. We hypothesized that as the Greek crisis developed, multiple and alternating frames were used in communicating the news on crisis management through the lexical choices the journalists used. The data justified the hypotheses: while the first phase was dominated by the RELIEF frame, this was eventually superseded by the BAILOUT frame by 2 May, the day the deal was finally struck. At the same time, the BUSINESS TRANSACTION frame never appeared as the most significant conceptualisation, implying that journalists were reluctant to view the deal between the two (eventually, three) parties as the result of a rational horizontal relationship between “buyer” and “seller” or between “debtor” and “creditor”.
The effect of aging on the autophagic and heat shock response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: McCormick JJ , VanDusseldorp TA , Ulrich CG , Lanphere RL , Dokladny K , Mosely PL , Mermier CM
Published: October 2018

Autophagy is a lysosome degradation pathway through which damaged organelles and macromolecules are degraded within the cell. A decrease in activity of the autophagic process has been linked to several age-associated pathologies, including triglyceride accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, muscle degeneration, and cardiac malfunction. Here, we examined the differences in the autophagic response using autophagy-inducer rapamycin (Rapa) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from young (21.8 ± 1.9 years) and old (64.0 ± 3.7 years) individuals. Furthermore, we tested the interplay between the heat shock response and autophagy systems. Our results showed a significant increase in LC3-II protein expression in response to Rapa treatment in young but not in old individuals. This was associated with a decreased response in MAP1LC3B mRNA levels, but not SQSTM1/p62. Furthermore, HSPA1A mRNA was upregulated only in young individuals, despite no differences in HSP70 protein expression. The combined findings suggest a suppressed autophagic response following Rapa treatment in older individuals.
Tudományos szakmai szervezet, az akadémiai szektor és országos intézet összefogásának modellje a családorvos-szakképzés, az alapellátás kutatás-fejlesztési színterein. I. rész
Authors: Balogh Sándor , Hajnal Ferenc
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

It is internationally recognized that the best method for practicing general medical care is family medicine, based on the correct relationship between the physician and the patients/families, where the principles of disease prevention and patient care meet, and the cost-benefit rates are better. In Hungary, a major part of the health reform had been the advancement of a primary care system by the international standards of modern family medicine. The Scientific Association of the Hungarian General Practitioners (SAHGP), founded in 1967, has adviced – from its onset – to introduce a new, independent medical specialty named ‘general practice’ which was finally realised in 1974. That was followed, according to the Welfare Ministry Order No. 6/1993, by the specific training program for general practice which prescribed, also for the in-service GP-s, to complete an individual postgraduate training, to be ended by a state specialty exam in family practice, under conduction of the regional medical schools. Furthermore, for strengthening the primary healthcare, in 1998 the government established – uniquely in Europe – the National Institute of Primary Healthcare (NIPHC). So a unique task force has gained shape which included the academic sector, the professional NGO and the governmental background institution in order to manage: 1) human resource supply in PHC, 2) to implement statewide professional and public health goals as well as 3) to manage research and development projects. This paper takes a look back at the early events of this process as well as tries to offer an insight into the results and conclusions of the performed research projects, highlighting those which can be potentially usable in further professional development of the Hungarian PHC. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(32): 1310–1316.
A glomus caroticum paragangliomája és ellátása
Authors: Gál Krisztián , Apanisile Ifeoluwa , Lázár István , Blaskó Tünde , Karosi Tamás
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Our goal was to report a 44-year-old woman with carotid body tumor, and to give a brief and comprehensive presentation about the disease and summarize its complex management. Carotid body tumor is a rare, mostly sporadic, benign head and neck mass originating from the glomus caroticum. It occurs mostly in middle-aged women as a slowly growing, semifix, painless neck mass. The diagnosis is based upon the physical examination (pulsatile mass, Fontaine-sign) and – as the gold standard – CT-angiography. It should be established that preoperative embolisation by digital substraction angiography plays a crucial role in the treatment of carotid body tumors that should be followed by surgical removal. In case of inoperable/irresecable and residual tumors, radiotherapy is the treatment option. The patient was treated in our department in April 2017. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(36): 1487–1492.
Az orvosi pszichológia fejlődése hazánkban: szemléleti keretek, határterületek és alkalmazások
Authors: Kállai János , Barabás Katalin , Túry Ferenc , Csabai Márta , Molnár Péter
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

The present study aims at overviewing the different stages of the education of medical psychology in Hungary. In the perspective of the achievements of cognitive and affective neuroscience as well as developmental psychology, we intend to define the roots of doctor-patient relationship, certain determining factors of diagnosis forming and therapy efficiency as well as the essential components of empathy. We attest to the fact that the current psychosomatic medicine with its evidence-based achievements is a valid component and constitutive pillar of everyday medical care. The integrated university level instruction of medical psychology and behavioral sciences aims at consolidating this perspective. We also emphasize that the ill body hinders adequate psychological functioning and mental disorders provide risk factors concerning somatic illnesses. Through spreading health psychology perspective, we support the concept that in everyday medical care, health protection and the development of health conscious behavior relies on responsible, informed and committed decision-making patients as well as on similarly educated extended medical care teams. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(36): 1455–1464.
Az arteria carotis interna spontán rekanalizációja
Authors: Várnai Blanka , Simonyi Gábor , Rapcsányi Andrea , Finta Ervin
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

The occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) frequently leads to stroke and develops most commonly as a consequence of embolism or atherosclerotic thrombosis. Following acute care, if the patient’s general condition makes it possible, the patient is usually emitted from the hospital or, if necessary, his treatment continues in the rehabilitation department. The occlusion is generally considered irreversible, but a regular duplex ultrasonographic (sometimes CT angiographic) check of the patient is required. According to recent literature, spontaneous recanalization of the ICA may occur occasionally. The authors demonstrated by evaluating a local case that ICA occlusion is not necessarily permanent: through a case of a 67-year-old man, who suffered a right ICA occlusion, subsequent ichaemic stroke, then spontaneous recanalization of the occlusion allowing a successful endarterectomy later on, they overview the literature and propose appropriate prospective examinations to track patents with similar conditions. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(37): 1525–1528.
A szakmai élet minőségét mérő kérdőív (Professional Quality of Life Scale) magyar változatának validálása
Authors: Kegye Adrienne , Takács Szabolcs , Ries Borbála , Zana Ágnes , Hegedűs Katalin
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The Professional Quality of Life Scale, measuring the quality of professional life, has been developed to examine the positive and negative changes in the work of those who have undergone extremely stressful experiences. The quality of life of the personnel of palliative-hospice teams may be influenced physically as well as emotionally by their every-day experiences of suffering, death, dying and the patients’ traumas. Aim: The aim of the study was the examination of the psychometric features and factor structure of the Hungarian version of the Professional Quality of Life Scale questionnaire, which can measure compassion fatigue and satisfaction, secondary traumatisation and burnout. Our long-term objective is the development of formative and intervention strategies for hospice workers in order to increase their satisfaction, physical and mental well-being and their willingness to work in hospice. Method: The cross-sectional, questionnaire study was made with hospice workers. The questionnaires were available in an anonym, printed form. We used the Hungarian versions of the Shortened Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire and of the Shortened Beck Depression Scale, of the CES-D Depression Scale and of the Shortened WHO General Well-Being Scale to validate. Statistical analysis: IBM SPSS 23.0© software was used for the analysis. To explore the factor structure of the measurement scale, explorative factor analysis was made (analysis of the main component, Varimax rotation); subsequently, 4 scales were prepared the Cronbach-alpha values of which were suitable for further examination. Results: 188 questionnaires were sent back (female 86.2%, male 13.8%); the majority work as nurses and in home hospice care (94 people). The inner consistency of the created 4 scales is acceptable according to the Cronbach-alpha values. The inner consistency of the questions regarding burnout is low. The correlation of our measurement scales with the standardised scales for outer validity has sufficient strength and direction. Conclusions: Our questionnaire can measure the phenomena under examination according to the expected values, with suitable consistency on the basis of the inner and outer indicators. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(35): 1441–1449.
Vastagbélrák-hajlamosító DNS-szekvencia-variációk tumormentes és vastagbél-daganatos populációban Magyarországon. Az egyedi daganathajlam becslése
Authors: Szentirmay Zoltán , Kurcsics Judit , Csernák Erzsébet , Tándor Ildikó , Tóth Erika
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using population-based designs have identified many genetic loci, at which common variants can influence the risk of developing the sporadic colon cancers. These are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on different chromosomes, close to genes involved in cancer developing process, and the SNPs modify their functions, and as a consequence the cancer risk is increased. Our aim was to provide frequency distributions data of variable (risk) allele of six independent SNPs in patients with colorectal cancers and in control Hungarian population, predicting the increased risk effect of sequence variant of SNPs. We also investigated the frequency distribution of tumor localization between right or left half of large bowel as well as the RAS mutation status. 47 non-tumorous patients and 47 patients with colorectal cancer were given oral mucosa cells or blood samples for SNP analysis. After DNA isolation, an LC480 (Roche) type PCR instrument, asymmetric LATE PCR method and melting point analysis were used for detection of sequence variations, by the assistance of two SNP specific primers, unlabeled specific probe and intercalating fluorescent dye. Genomic frequency distribution of variable alleles of SNPs predisposed to tumor development have been investigated in colorectal cancer carrier patients and the results have been compared with the same allele frequency distribution data obtained from the non-tumorous control patients and from CEU population stored in SNPnexus data base. The homozygous risk alleles of SNPs showed a 1.5–2.3-time increase in colorectal cancer carrier patients then in control and CEU patients, but the heterozygous risk allele distribution was identical in tumorous and control population. The frequency distribution of homozygous risk alleles of six SNPs was also investigated in the same time and some patients. Among 47 patients with colorectal cancer, in 3 patients carrying 3 SNPs with homozygous risk alleles, in additional 5 tumor samples two and 24 samples contain only one SNP’s homozygous risk alleles, and in 15 patients, SNPs with homozygous risk alleles do not occur. In 47 control patients, only 3 samples contain two SNPs with homozygous risk alleles and 17 samples contain only one SNP with homozygous risk alleles. Significant differences of the tumorous and the control population can be seen detected. NRAS mutation was not found. Our results showed a real increased risk effect of several newly recognized low-penetrance colorectal cancer susceptibility genetic variants by influence of the regulation of neighboring genes, however, the degree of cancer risk is individual, and influenced by others environmental factors, such as dietary factors. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(40): 1614–1623.
Diabetes mellitus: endotheldiszfunkció és haemostasiselváltozások
Authors: Babik Barna , Peták Ferenc , Agócs Szilvia , Blaskovics Ivett , Alács Endre , Bodó Kinga , Südy Roberta
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus involves a group of chronic metabolic disorders with elevated blood glucose concentrations. Since this disease needs lifelong treatment and care, the medical and social aspects present major public health concerns and pose a global challenge for health care providers. The number of aged patients with degenerative diseases undergoing surgical procedures is continuously increasing, resulting in an overwhelming dominance of diabetes in the perioperative care. There is a particular need for an increased awareness of diabetic patients in cardiovascular units, where the incidence of this disease reaches as high as 30–40%. The main hallmarks of the pathologic metabolic milieu of diabetes are hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and pathologic lipid metabolism. The biochemical, cellular and organ-level pathophysiological changes lead to endothelial dysfunction including a low-grade prothrombotic balance, inflammatory state and, as a consequence, impaired micro- and macrocirculation. Diabetes is also followed by platelet dysfunction resulting from intracellular hyperglycaemia, because thrombocytes have insulin-independent glucose transporters in their cell membrane. The levels of the coagulation factors of the plasma are increased, and these factors are also modified by oxidation and glycation. Diabetes mellitus is a prothrombotic condition resulting from direct and indirect tendencies of the endothelial platelet and the plasma coagulation factors. The basic “bench to clinical basics” knowledge of the endothelial dysfunction and prothrombotic balance in diabetes may contribute to the better understanding of the clinical focuses in the perioperative care of patients with diabetes mellitus. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(33): 1335–1345.
Monocyták és neutrophil granulocyták fagocitafunkciója ovariumcarcinomában
Authors: Kovács Anna Rebeka , Pál László , Szűcs Sándor , Lukács Luca , Póka Róbert , Lampé Rudolf
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: Recently, tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been studied in various cancers. However, fewer studies address the role of peripheral immune cells in the pathogenesis of cancer. Aim: Our aim was to investigate whether the phagocytic activity of peripheral monocytes and neutrophil granulocytes is affected by the removal of tumor in advanced ovarian cancer. Method: We investigated peripheral blood samples from 12 patients with advanced stage of serous epithelial ovarian cancer – which were collected before the optimal tumor reduction surgery and on the 7th postoperative day – and from 8 healthy women. After separation of monocytes and neutrophils, the cells were incubated with opsonized fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled zymosan A particles as the target of phagocytosis. By using fluorescence microscope we counted the number of particles phagocytized by the cells and calculated the phagocytic index. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using analysis of variances method. Results: Preoperative phagocytic indexes of monocytes and neutrophils from patients were significantly lower than phagocytic indexes of the corresponding cells from healthy women. The phagocytic function of monocytes and granulocytes isolated from postoperative samples of patients significantly increased compared to preoperative values and reached the phagocytic indexes of monocytes and neutrophils from healthy controls. Conclusion: Based on our results we assume that the tumor and/or its microenvironment in ovarian cancer may produce factors that can depress the phagocytic function of monocytes and granulocytes. Since the phagocytic indexes increased following the cytoreductive surgery, it can be assumed that after the removal of the tumor, the production of these factors is reduced or eliminated. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(33): 1353–1359.
Klasszikus és modern vizsgálómódszerek a csontérettségi kor és a pubertáskori növekedési csúcs meghatározására
Authors: Frank Dorottya , Rill Leila , Kolarovszki Béla , Nagy Ákos Károly
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

The assessment of skeletal age is of utmost importance not only in the field of anthropology, forensic medicine, pediatrics, endocrinology but also in orthodontics and jaw orthopedics. Bone age refers to the individual’s biological development which can differ within a relatively wide range for the same chronological age. Therefore, accurate assessment of skeletal maturity and pubertal growth plays an important role in establishing a diagnosis for certain diseases. In addition, it is essential for proper timing and success of treatments in many cases. Currently, there are many methods available to determine skeletal age and pubertal growth spurt. During growth, bones undergo significant changes, the sequence of which is strongly determined. These changes can be measured by various methods including radiological examinations. More specifically, these classical methods are often based on the radiological evaluation of morphological changes in the hand bones and cervical vertebrae. Methods based on dental development also exist to assess the biologic maturity of an individual. However, thanks to three-dimensional imaging techniques and molecular diagnostic methods, even more accurate tests can be performed to determine biological maturity. These modern methods rely on the information obtained from the cone-beam computer tomograph records and on the measurements of biomarkers present in different circulatory or other body fluids. The purpose of this summary is to provide an overview of the various classical and modern methods for the assessment of skeletal age that could aid us in many fields of science. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(35): 1423–1432.
Az ovarialis hiperstimulációs szindróma kórélettana és korszerű klinikuma
Authors: Szabó Gábor , Árokszállási Anikó , Pócsi Dóra , Murber Ákos , Urbancsek János , Rigó Jr. János
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

During assisted reproduction technologies, controlled hyperstimulation of the ovaries occurs. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an excessive overreaction of the ovaries complicating pharmacological ovulation induction. Rarely other causes, such as the mutation of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor may also be in the background. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is clinically characterized by a massive ovarian enlargement associated with an acute third-space fluid shift responsible for the development of ascites, and sometimes pleural or pericardial effusion. Associated arterial or venous thromboembolic symptoms are also common. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic and potentially life-threatening condition in the form of ischemic stroke or circulatory insufficiency of the limbs. Recently some new methods have been developed for the prevention of the disease. The syndrome affects young, healthy patients. It also has an important economic burden due to the absence from work, bed rest, or hospitalization and intensive medical management of more severe cases. Supportive therapy, anticoagulant prophylaxis and close monitoring are the main approach for the syndrome. However, hospitalization or intervention should not be delayed for patients with severe or critical conditions. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(34): 1390–1398.
Az etopozid szervezeten belüli eloszlásában és metabolizmusában szerepet játszó epigenetikai hatások
Authors: Kovács Erika Rozália , Tóth Sára , Erdélyi Dániel János
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Etoposide is a topoisomerase II inhibitor antitumor agent which is widely used in the treatment of several hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. The therapeutic index of etoposide is quite high, thus its application causes several short-term and long-term side effects which can decrease the chance to cure patients. Drug dosing is based on body surface area calculation; recommendations for individual dosing do not exist yet. The biotransformation and transportation of etoposide are carried out by enzymes and transporters as reported in pharmacogenomic studies published in this area. Nowadays pharmacoepigenetics research has come to the fore. The authors wish to give an insight into the research of the epigenetical changes of the etoposide pathways, especially focusing on published findings on enzymes and transporters with pharmacokinetic relevance. In the future, epigenetical changes of the etoposide pathway might have a great role in diagnostics, prognostics and personalized medicine. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(32): 1295–1302.
A bélflóra patofiziológai jelentősége és szerepe mint terápiás célpont májbetegségekben
Authors: Hagymási Krisztina , Bacsárdi Anna , Egresi Anna , Berta Evelin , Tulassay Zsolt , Lengyel Gabriella
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

The community of microorganisms in the intestine, namely gut microbiome lives in symbiosis with the host, contributing to its homeostasis and influencing it simultaneously. It can be suspected that gut microbiome plays a central role in the pathophysiology of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases: determining their development, progress and complications. Recently, intestinal microbiome has become a highlighted field of interest and important topic in research, especially in hepatology. It is in the focus of relevant research as the liver is the organ which meets nutrients, bacterial components, toxins and metabolites at first, as a filter. The evolvement of different liver diseases – just like alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma – correlates with the changed composition and activity of gut microbiome. Thus, it can be hypothesized that pre-, pro- and antibiotics could have an impact on the treatment of these diseases. In our review article, the relationship between intestinal flora and liver diseases with different etiologies as well as therapeutic possibilities are discussed. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(36): 1465–1474.
A műfogsorragasztó hatása a nyugalmi kevert és a kis nyálmirigyek szekréciójára, valamint a szájszárazság érzetére teljes lemezes fogpótlást viselőkben
Authors: Demeter Tamás , Houman Ahmad Behbahani , Gótai Laura , Károlyházy Katalin , Kovács Alexandra , Márton Krisztina
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: To determine whether the continuous use of gel-type denture adhesives influence the unstimulated whole saliva, the palatal and labial saliva flow rates, and to assess the possible changes of subjective orofacial sicca symptoms. Method: 28 maxillary complete denture wearing patients (average age: 70 ± 10 years) were investigated. A gel-type denture adhesive was administered to the patients for regular use during the 3 weeks of examination. A questionnaire of 16 questions was used to evaluate subjective orofacial sicca symptoms. Unstimulated whole saliva was determined by the spitting method, palatal and labial saliva flow rates were measured by the Periotron® device with filter paper discs at the initial, first, second and third weeks. Statistical analysis: The following tests were used: subjective values – χ2-test; flow rates – ANOVA, paired Student’s t-test. Results: According to the questionnaire, the ratio or severity of xerostomia did not change. A significant increase in the subjective feeling of “saliva thickness” could be detected (p = 0.027), but the other subjective parameters remained unchanged. Palatal saliva flow rates decreased significantly by week 3 (week 0: 4.21 ± 3.96 µl/cm2/min; week 3: 2.21 ± 2.30 µl/cm2/min; p = 0.024). On the other hand, there was no significant change in the unstimulated whole saliva (week 0: 0.37 ± 0.36 ml/min; week 3: 0.39 ± 0.35 ml/min) and labial saliva (week 0: 3.99 ± 3.75 µl/cm2/min; week 3: 2.58 ± 3.39 µl/cm2/min) flow rates. Conclusions: The regular use of denture adhesives did not influence xerostomia and the majority of subjective orofacial sicca symptoms, but may cause a subjective feeling of “increased saliva thickness” and reduce palatal minor salivary gland flow rates among complete maxillary denture wearers. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(40): 1637–1644.
Lester Leaps In
Authors: De Lucia Jon P.
Published: October 2018

Lester Young was a key figure in the early development of swing. In this article, I will discuss some of the more specific improvisatory elements he used regularly throughout his recorded solos in this time period. His famous solo on ‘Lester Leaps In' will be the starting point for this analysis, with a special focus on some of the innovations that Young brought to the world of jazz improvisation. Bebop, cool jazz, and free jazz all owe a debt to Lester for loosening the structures of swing, while creating a new vocabulary. We will take a look at how he did it, and what has made him a lasting icon of creativity to so many improvisers.
Christopher Coady, John Lewis and the Challenge of ‘Real’ Black Music
Authors: Gagatsis Alexandre
Published: October 2018

Christopher Coady, John Lewis and the Challenge of ‘Real’ Black Music. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2016. x + 241pp. 24 tables, 18 music examples. ISBN 978-0-472-05320-9 (pbk). US$39.95.
Bernie McGann and Bundeena
Authors: Robson Andrew
Published: October 2018

This article argues that the Australian saxophonist Bernie McGann was a catalyst in the shift towards the emergence of an Austral jazz scene, and that from 1970 until his death in 2013, McGann became a major creative force within that scene. The article sets out several factors that contributed to McGann's gradual acceptance and eventual rise to iconic status within the Australian jazz scene and the larger Austral community. It questions aspects of the McGann narrative, in particular the suggestion that McGann's distinctive musical language was forged during extended periods of daily practice in the Australian bush during the 1970s and 80s, arguing that this is a simplification of McGann's biography and not an accurate reflection of his complex and sustained creative development.
And I think to myself what a wonderful world
Authors: Heyman Matthias
Published: October 2018

Unknown to many audiences, Louis Armstrong was a skilful bricoleur of collages, using the cardboard boxes of Ampex magnetic tape as his preferred canvas. Among his many collages, now held at the Louis Armstrong Archives in New York's Queens College, there is one that is based on a visual representation of Brussels, the capital of Belgium, the small West-European nation bordering France, the Netherlands, Germany, the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, and, across the English Channel, the United Kingdom. Upon first sight, it is just another collage dedicated to a concert location, but a closer look reveals it is a rather remarkable piece of art. Not only is it one of Armstrong's most surreal collages, it also comprises not a single visual reference to Brussels or Belgium. A 1958 collage depicting Paris clearly shows the lower half of the Eiffel Tower, but the Brussels collage has no trace of the Atomium, Manneken Pis, beer, waffles, chocolate, or anything else that can be understood as typically Belgian. Instead we see cut-outs of nude women, a number of helmeted men staring into the yonder, and a vulture who seems to be attacking one of the men. The only thing which reveals that the collage is indeed referring to Brussels is its title at the bottom, in Armstrong's hand: 'BRUSSELLS BELGIUM' [sic]. What went on in the trumpeter's mind when he created this mysterious piece? How did his (possible) visit to Brussels trigger him into releasing an aggressive vulture onto his spectators? This article offers a reconstruction of the unfinished quest into the secrets behind this enigmatic collage.
Photographic representations of jazz
Authors: Ainsworth Alan John
Published: October 2018

Musical instrument makers were key suppliers to the jazz art world of the 1930s and '40s. They operated with well-developed ideas about musicians. As instrument manufacture moved to volume production, advertising spend rose significantly and manufacturers turned to the advertising industry to translate these conceptions into a selling vocabulary, or 'professional code'. Testimonial advertising incorporating photography became a preferred style and Down Beat emerged as an extremely important medium. Based on a survey of some 1,500 testimonial advertisements in Down Beat between 1938 and 1948, this article shows how assumptions about the nature of musicianship, the social and racial composition of jazz, the relationship between art and commerce and the lifestyle aspirations of working musicians were signed within these advertisements. The analysis traces their intertextual relationship with Down Beat editorial and broader impact through collateral print material. The analysis hopefully suggests further lines of enquiry as well as highlighting the benefits from study of jazz photography beyond the narrow canon of white art photographers.