bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Erosion Effectiveness of Selected Crops in Sustainable Mountain Agriculture in a Warming Climate
Authors: Puła Joanna , Klima Kazimierz , Kliszcz Angelika , Lepiarczyk Andrzej
Published: September 2024

Mountain ecosystems are among the most difficult areas for plant cultivation due to water erosion occurring on the slopes. Growing plants in these areas may lead to a weakening of ecosystem functions and in degradation of these areas and threatens sustainability. In this experiment, the anti-erosion effectiveness of maize, oat and spring vetch were assessed through the measuring of LAI and sheet wash from a slope where cultivation had occurred. Averaged values from the six years field experiment (2017–2022) reveal that maize achieved maximum soil protection between the 115th and 128th day of vegetation (14 days), when the LAI value equals to 3.8–4.0. The corresponding values for oats were 63–81 days of vegetation (19 days; LAI 2.4–2.7). The longest period of maximum soil protection was achieved from the cultivation of spring vetch compared to maize and oats (between the 49th and 82nd day of its vegetation, i.e., 34 days), when the LAI value was in the range of 2.2–3.0. Soil cover at their maximum development is conservative compared to mountain ecosystems, and in the case of the studied plants, the protection time varied. These relationships were quantified by simple regression equations. Additionally, taking into account the compiled climate data, the average air temperature in the years of research (2017–2022) was higher than the multi-year average (1961–2000) by 2.15 °C, which may confirm the fact that the climate is warming in the region of Southern Poland.
Sustainability Management Accounting in Urban Development: A Case Study of an Egyptian State-Owned Enterprise
Authors: Alsaid Loai Ali Zeenalabden Ali , Mutiganda Jean Claude
Published: September 2024

The public sector literature on sustainability management accounting (SMA) has grown significantly in recent years, with numerous theoretical and empirical studies examining the purported link between management accounting and corporate sustainability within organisations. However, despite this surge, prior studies have largely confined their analytical scope to traditional SMA issues, such as corporate social, environmental, and governance responsibilities. Their analyses have predominantly concentrated on largely investigated elements such as situational linkages, transformational dynamics, agency issues, resistance, and conflicts. This study aims to address these limitations by examining corporate SMA systems within the burgeoning field of urban development. It utilises institutional theory and a case study from Egypt, a developing country, to explore how urban development could impact adopting a corporate SMA system in politically sensitive state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Contrary to existing literature, the findings indicate that urban development has created financial pressures for national governments, which have used these as a political instrument to implement a corporate SMA system within related SOEs. Additionally, the findings highlight the significant role of management accountants as central figures in integrating and standardising a corporate SMA system into the daily practices of current executives through advanced enterprise resource planning (ERP) technology. Moreover, as a development of institutional theory, the findings demonstrate the influence of corporate SMA reports on the decision-making processes of national governments in the context of urban development.
The Funding Puzzle in Adult Education for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Slovenia
Authors: Košmerl Tadej , Radovan Marko , Makovec Radovan Danijela
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the landscape of public funding for adult education for sustainable development (AESD) in Slovenia, focusing on the distribution, types of funding, and their impact on accessibility and quality. This study employs a mixed methods approach to understand the distribution, types of funding, and their impacts on the accessibility and quality of adult education. Data were collected through an online questionnaire completed by 59 organizations providing non-formal AESD, alongside semi-structured interviews conducted with 12 representatives. Key findings reveal a significant disparity between operational funding and that designated for AESD implementation, with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) emerging as the primary recipients of public funds. Notably, project-based funding predominates, raising concerns about the sustainability of AESD programs due to its typically time-limited nature. Public funding is essential for ensuring program accessibility and quality, as it enables organizations to hire experts and enhance curricula. However, the reliance on project-based grants creates instability, complicating long-term planning and program effectiveness. The study underscores the need for systematic and continuous funding strategies to support AESD, highlighting the importance of a cross-sectoral approach to policymaking. Overall, the research elucidates the intricate relationship between funding distribution, program effectiveness, and the advancement of sustainable development education.
The Impact of Enterprise Digital Transformation on Low-Carbon Supply Chains: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Lou Zhilong , Gao Nan , Lu Min
Published: September 2024

The vigorous development of the digital economy, alongside the collaborative promotion of enterprise digital transformation and low-carbon supply chains, has emerged as a critical pathway for achieving green and high-quality development in enterprises. In this paper, we utilize a mathematical model framework to empirically investigate the mechanisms and impacts of enterprise digital transformation on the low-carbon effect of supply chains, employing data from A-share-listed companies spanning 2011 to 2021. The findings indicate that (1) enhancing the degree of enterprise digital transformation can significantly decrease the carbon emission intensity of upstream suppliers, thereby promoting low-carbon supply chains. (2) “Innovation-driven” and “structural transformation” mechanisms are vital channels by which enterprise digital transformation promotes carbon reduction in supply chains. (3) The diffusion mechanism effect and demonstration effect exhibit heterogeneity in the process of enterprise digital transformation, driving low-carbon emission reductions in supply chains.
Urban Spatial Development Mode and Haze Pollution in China: From the Perspective of Polycentricity
Authors: Liang Changyi , Zhao Jing , Ma Weibiao
Published: September 2024

Increasing urbanization in China has caused severe haze pollution in Chinese cities in recent years. This study investigates the impact of urban spatial development mode on haze pollution from the leapfrog spatial dimension. We constructed a dataset containing LandScan population dynamic statistical data, PM2.5 surface concentration data, and urban economic statistical data and adopted ordinary least squares (OLS) and instrumental variable methods. The findings indicate that the polycentric spatial structure within the city increases the PM2.5 levels, indicating that the urban monocentric spatial development mode is conducive to alleviating haze pollution. The use of the core explanatory variables, lagged by one and two periods, and of the number of Qing Dynasty walls as the instrumental variable confirm the robustness of the benchmark results. The heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that, in cities with underdeveloped public rail transit, the monocentric spatial development mode has a more obvious effect on reducing haze pollution. The results of the influence mechanism test show that the urban polycentric spatial development mode aggravates urban haze pollution, mainly by encouraging residents to travel by private transport, thereby increasing energy consumption. The obtained research results provide a sufficient basis for taking appropriate measures to govern haze pollution in Chinese cities from the perspective of polycentric spatial development mode.
Using the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior to Explore the Effect of Farmer Differentiation on Their Intention to Revitalize Idle Homesteads: Empirical Evidence from Shaanxi, China
Authors: Lu Mengyuan , Guo Bin , Li Jianna
Published: September 2024

The revitalization of idle homesteads is an essential element in stimulating rural land resources and assets and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas. However, existing studies have paid less attention to the relationship between the differentiation of farm households and revitalization intention. Therefore, exploring the relationship between farmer differentiation and revitalization intention has become the key to improving the revitalization intention. The differentiation of farmers in the process of urbanization is an important factor affecting the intention of farmers to revitalize idle homesteads. This study defines “farmer differentiation” as a second-order factor and is based on the theoretical analysis framework of “farmer differentiation (FD)–farmer cognition (FC)–revitalization intention (RI)” to systematically reveal the relationship between FD and RI with a multi-dimensional perspective. At the same time, we analyze the mediating role of FC in the relationship between FD and RI. The data collected from 881 Shaanxi, China, farmers are analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the study show that (1) The dimensions of farmer differentiation (FD) are wealth capital differentiation (WCD) and reputation capital differentiation (RCD). (2) The formation of farmers’ intention to revitalize follows the logical relationship of “FC–RI” in the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB), and subjective norms (SN) are the critical factor. (3) The logical relationship of “FD–FC–RI” in the ETPB has been confirmed. In addition to the direct positive effect of the WCD and RCD on farmers’ intention to revitalize idle homesteads, WCD will indirectly affect RI through the four sub-dimensions of behavioral attitudes (BA), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC) and homestead dependence (HD) under the FC conception. Meanwhile, the chain mediating role of the WCD and FC sub-dimensions in the RCD effect on the intention to revitalize cannot be ignored. Therefore, to increase farmers’ intention to revitalize Idle homesteads, policymakers need to focus on increasing WCD and RCD and helping farmers establish proactive FC.
Navigating the Road to Acceptance: Unveiling Psychological and Socio-Demographic Influences on Autonomous Vehicle Adoption in Malaysia
Authors: Pang Suk Min , Ho Jen Sim , Tan Booi Chen , Lau Teck Chai , Khan Nasreen
Published: September 2024

Although the autonomous vehicles market is still in its infancy, many people have switched from conventional vehicles to autonomous vehicles due to the numerous benefits and environmental advantages of owning them. Autonomous vehicles which promise to eliminate traffic crashes due to human errors are expected to penetrate the Malaysian market by 2025. However, past research has shown that psychological factors rather than technological aspects could deter the successful diffusion of autonomous vehicles in the market. By integrating the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study investigates the influencing factors of the Malaysian public towards acceptance of autonomous vehicles and the moderating effects of socio demographic variables. A total of 306 respondents completed the online survey. The results show that the proposed integrated model can explain 82.9% of the variance in acceptance of autonomous vehicles. Among the variables, attitude and perceived behavioural control are significant contributors. In terms of moderating variables, income level, education level, and ethnicity moderated the effects of attitude, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance. Insights drawn from this study could assist policy makers in devising strategic plans for promoting autonomous vehicles in the country.
Urban Sprawl and Imbalance between Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services: Evidence from China’s Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Wang Huan , Sun Qiao
Published: September 2024

The contradiction between ecological resource protection and urban sprawl in urban agglomeration areas is becoming more and more prominent, facing a serious imbalance between the supply and demand of ecosystem services. To analyze the impact of urban agglomeration expansion on regional ecosystem services, based on multi-source data, an assessment model of supply and demand of ecosystem services for water conservation, carbon sequestration, soil conservation and crop production was constructed. With the help of value transformation model and spatial analysis method, this paper explores the risk of ecosystem service supply and demand imbalance faced by the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in the process of expansion. This study found that the supply capacity of ecosystem services in the YRDUA has continued to decline at the spatial pixel scale; ecosystem service value deficits are a common problem in the YRDUA, with cities around Taihu Lake, such as Shanghai and Suzhou, being the most serious; the value surplus areas are concentrated in the southern cities, such as Xuancheng and Chizhou, but the balance between the supply of and demand for ecosystem services in these cities is also facing a challenge as the cities are expanding. This study analyzed the spatial pattern changes in the Yangtze River Delta region in the context of urban sprawl from the perspective of ecosystem service supply and demand, which helps to clarify the changing ecosystem service dynamics of the region and guide the formulation of urban planning policies and to achieve a balance between ecological supply and demand as well as sustainable development.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Crop Yield Estimation Based on Sentinel-2 Data: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Aslan Muhammet Fatih , Sabanci Kadir , Aslan Busra
Published: September 2024

This review explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Sentinel-2 satellite data in the context of precision agriculture, specifically for crop yield estimation. The rapid advancements in remote sensing technology, particularly through Sentinel-2’s high-resolution multispectral imagery, have transformed agricultural monitoring by providing critical data on plant health, soil moisture, and growth patterns. By leveraging Vegetation Indices (VIs) derived from these images, AI algorithms, including Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models, can now predict crop yields with high accuracy. This paper reviews studies from the past five years that utilize Sentinel-2 and AI techniques to estimate yields for crops like wheat, maize, rice, and others. Various AI approaches are discussed, including Random Forests, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and ensemble methods, all contributing to refined yield forecasts. The review identifies a notable gap in the standardization of methodologies, with researchers using different VIs and AI techniques for similar crops, leading to varied results. As such, this study emphasizes the need for comprehensive comparisons and more consistent methodologies in future research. The work underscores the significant role of Sentinel-2 and AI in advancing precision agriculture, offering valuable insights for future studies that aim to enhance sustainability and efficiency in crop management through advanced predictive models.
Sustainable Business Models: An Empirical Analysis of Environmental Sustainability in Leading Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Gazzola Patrizia , Drago Carlo , Pavione Enrica , Pignoni Noemi
Published: September 2024

This study thoroughly investigates the role of sustainable business models in enhancing environmental sustainability in leading manufacturing companies. Guided by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we empirically analyse the integration of sustainability goals into corporate strategies. This study identifies sustainable business models based on an analysis of the sustainability reports published on the website, examining the strategies and action plans declared by 30 companies that are leaders in the sustainability industry, according to their Dow Jones Sustainability Index World (DJSI World) and S&P Global ESG Scores. The strategies considered are aligned with the following specific sustainability development goals: 6 (water security); 7 (renewable energy); 12 (responsible consumption and production); and 13 (climate action). The dataset contains several variables, each reflecting a particular facet of a company’s environmental sustainability, as follows: energy consumption; greenhouse gas emissions; waste management strategies; and water conservation initiatives. We use a multidimensional data analysis technique called multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). After using MCA, we use a hierarchical clustering algorithm with the aim of classifying the different companies. Our findings underscore the presence of seven clusters of companies. Compared to the well-established literature on the topic of sustainable business, the innovative contribution of this study is linked to the identification of reaction time as a strategic variable explaining the different sustainable business models. The study makes it clear that the different business models are linked to reaction time to strategic alignment with environmental objectives. The country in which the company is based is also important. This study provides practical insights for companies aiming to align their practices with SDGs. In fact, the time variable provides important information in this regard and makes it possible to identify different approaches to sustainability as well as strong and weak sustainable business models; the former are characterised by a medium long-term strategic orientation towards environmental sustainability, which can be interpreted as the desire to undertake more solid and structured environmental sustainability strategies.
The Role of Clothing Technology in Supporting Sustainable Fashion in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Min Xue , Shen Lei , Ren Xiangfang
Published: September 2024

With the outbreak and ongoing spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, a wave of post-COVID-19 zeitgeist has emerged worldwide. From the perspective of fashion trends, an increasing number of consumers are demanding higher standards of health, environmental friendliness, and sustainability. Over the past 10 years, the integration of technology in clothing has facilitated continuous updates in both functionality and aesthetics. This article aims to explore the relationship between clothing technology and sustainable fashion in the post-COVID-19 era, seeking to enhance the development and innovation of sustainable fashion through the empowerment of clothing technology. This study conducts extensive research on the literature and online case studies, categorizing empowered sustainable fashion technology design cases into six major categories and four directional themes. It introduces an innovative sustainable fashion design assessment model, PCBS (Product, Customer, Business, Society). Subsequently, the knowledge framework is applied in design practice alongside consumer research to validate the system’s usability. Furthermore, this research synthesizes and summarizes the methods through which fashion technology can support sustainable fashion in the post-pandemic era. Designers and practitioners can reference these insights for more advanced sustainable design initiatives, thereby promoting a lower-carbon and environmentally friendly system that drives global innovation and development in a sustainable society.
DTM-Based Analysis of Hot Topics and Evolution of China’s Energy Policy
Authors: Wang Zhanjie , Zhou Rufu , Wang Yongjian
Published: September 2024

Quantitative research on the evolution and transformation of topics in China’s energy policy can enhance the theoretical and methodological framework of policy document analysis. Utilizing dynamic topic modeling (DTM) and social network analysis, this study examined 1872 energy policy documents issued in China between 1980 and 2023, focusing on detecting hot topics and analyzing trend evolution. DTM identified five core topics: State Grid and new energy, comprehensive energy conservation and emission reduction, intelligent building energy management, promotion of energy-saving products and new energy vehicles, and standardization of energy industry management. Temporal analysis of these core topics reveals a shift in policy focus over time, moving from infrastructure development and standardization management to new energy development and modernization of the energy system. The co-occurrence network of thematic terms transitions from an “independent and loose” structure to a “concentrated and balanced” one, with increasing network scale and frequency. The conclusions of this study offer valuable insights for establishing a dynamic monitoring and real-time updating mechanism for energy policies, enhancing the integration and coordination of energy policy topics, and effectively supporting national energy strategies in response to global energy market challenges.
Production of High-Value Green Chemicals via Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Eucalyptus urograndis Forest Residues
Authors: Bittencourt Ricardo de C. , Guimarães Tiago , Costa Marcelo M. da , Silva Larissa S. , Barbosa Verônica O. de P. , Arêdes Stéphani Caroline de L. , Alves Krisnna S. , Carvalho Ana Márcia M. L.
Published: September 2024

Lately, pyrolysis has attracted significant attention due to its substantial potential for bio-oil production, with the ability to serve as a renewable energy source and/or facilitate the production of valuable chemical compounds. The chemical compounds generated and their amounts are completely influenced by the traits and chemical makeup of the initial biomass. In this work, the catalytic fast pyrolysis of Eucalyptus urograndis canopy was carried out using a pyrolyzer coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) at different temperatures and in the presence and absence of catalysts. Elemental composition analysis was employed to characterize the chemical composition of the biomass. The results showed a biomass with a carbon percentage of 50.20%, oxygen of 43.21%, and hydrogen of 6.34%, as well as a lower calorific power of 17.51 MJ/kg. The Py-GC/MS analyses revealed the presence of several noteworthy compounds, including acetic acid (C2H4O2) and, in smaller quantities, hydrogen (H2), furfural (C5H4O2), and levoglucosan (C6H10O5). The technical-economic evaluation revealed that the production of acetic acid, furfural, hydrogen, and levoglucosan commands a high market price. Additionally, a single production cycle is anticipated to yield a favorable technical-economic balance, generating approximately USD 466.10 /ton of processed biomass. This outcome is achieved through the process of catalytic fast pyrolysis, where CuO has been identified as the most suitable catalyst.
Towards a Closed-Loop Supply Chain: Assessing Current Practices in Empty Pesticide Container Management in Indonesia
Authors: Handayani Lailafitri , Yudoko Gatot , Okdinawati Liane
Published: September 2024

Pesticides are essential to modern agriculture, significantly enhancing crop yields and quality to ensure global food security. Their critical role in preventing hunger is highlighted by the notable increase in global pesticide trade over the past decade. In Indonesia, pesticide usage has surged, with a 24% rise in registered pesticide formulations between 2017 and 2021. However, this increase presents challenges, particularly in the disposal of empty pesticide containers (EPC), which pose substantial environmental and health risks if improperly managed. To address this, a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) is proposed as an effective, eco-friendly solution for the management of EPC waste. This study evaluates the implementation of a CLSC for EPC in Indonesia, employing rich picture analysis and stakeholder interviews to identify key challenges, opportunities, and strengths. Notable challenges include regulatory gaps, financial and operational feasibility, and limited farmer engagement. However, opportunities exist in enhancing environmental sustainability, generating economic benefits, and gaining support from industry groups. One key strength is the widespread practice of triple rinsing among farmers, with 62.63% of respondents already adopting this method. This study underscores the important of establishing clear and enforceable regulations, introducing financial incentives and supportive policies, promoting public–private partnerships, creating targeted behavior change interventions, and ensuring organizational commitments and training programs. These insights are crucial in developing a sustainable CLSC, ensuring both environmental and economic benefits.
Exploiting Axisymmetry to Optimize CFD Simulations—Heave Motion and Wave Radiation of a Spherical Buoy
Authors: Davidson Josh , Nava Vincenzo , Andersen Jacob , Kramer Morten Bech
Published: September 2024

Simulating the free decay motion and wave radiation from a heaving semi-submerged sphere poses significant computational challenges due to its three-dimensional complexity. By leveraging axisymmetry, we reduce the problem to a two-dimensional simulation, significantly decreasing computational demands while maintaining accuracy. In this paper, we exploit axisymmetry to perform a large ensemble of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFDs) simulations, aiming to evaluate and maximize both accuracy and efficiency, using the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver interFOAM, in the opensource finite volume CFD software OpenFOAM. Validated against highly accurate experimental data, extensive parametric studies are conducted, previously limited by computational constraints, which facilitate the refinement of simulation setups. More than 50 iterations of the same heaving sphere simulation are performed, informing efficient trade-offs between computational cost and accuracy across various simulation parameters and mesh configurations. Ultimately, by employing axisymmetry, this research contributes to the development of more accurate and efficient numerical modeling in ocean engineering.
Brevetoxin Aptamer Selection and Biolayer Interferometry Biosensor Application
Authors: Hu Bo , Ouyang Sheng-Qun , Zhu Yu-Ping , Lu Xiao-Ling , Ning Zhe , Jiao Bing-Hua , Wang Liang-Hua , Yu Hao-Bing , Liu Xiao-Yu
Published: September 2024

Brevetoxins (PbTxs) are very potent marine neurotoxins that can cause an illness clinically described as neurologic shellfish poisoning (NSP). These toxins are cyclic polyether in chemistry and have increased their geographical distribution in the past 2 decades. However, the ethical problems as well as technical difficulties associated with currently employed analysis methods for marine toxins have spurred the quest for suitable alternatives to be applied in a regulatory monitoring regime. In this work, we reported the first instance of concurrent aptamer selection of Brevetoxin-1 (PbTx-1) and Brevetoxin-2 (PbTx-2) and constructed a biolayer interferometry (BLI) biosensor utilizing PbTx-1 aptamer as a specific recognition element. Through an in vitro selection process, we have, for the first time, successfully selected DNA aptamers with high affinity and specificity to PbTx-1 and PbTx-2 from a vast pool of random sequences. Among the selected aptamers, aptamer A5 exhibited the strongest binding affinity to PbTx-1, with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 2.56 μM. Subsequently, we optimized aptamer A5 by truncation to obtain the core sequence (A5-S3). Further refinement was achieved through mutations based on the predictions of a QGRS mapper, resulting in aptamer A5-S3G, which showed a significant increase in the KD value by approximately 100-fold. Utilizing aptamer A5-S3G, we fabricated a label-free, real-time optical BLI aptasensor for the detection of PbTx-1. This aptasensor displayed a broad detection range from 100 nM to 4000 nM PbTx-1, with a linear range between 100 nM and 2000 nM, and a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 4.5 nM. Importantly, the aptasensor showed no cross-reactivity to PbTx-2 or other marine toxins, indicating a high level of specificity for PbTx-1. Moreover, the aptasensor exhibited excellent reproducibility and stability when applied for the detection of PbTx-1 in spiked shellfish samples. We strongly believe that this innovative aptasensor offers a promising alternative to traditional immunological methods for the specific and reliable detection of PbTx-1.
Quantifying the Influence of Climatic and Anthropogenic Factors on Multi-Scalar Streamflow Variation of Jialing River, China
Authors: Jia Mengya , Hu Shixiong , Hu Xuyue , Long Yuannan
Published: September 2024

Clarifying the impact of driving forces on multi-temporal-scale (annual, quarterly and monthly) runoff changes is of great significance for watershed water resource planning. Based on monthly runoff data and meteorological data of the Jialing River (JLR) during 1982–2020, the Mann–Kendall tendency testing approach was first applied to analyze variation tendencies of multi-timescale runoff. Then, abrupt variation years of runoff were determined using Pettitt and cumulative anomaly mutation testing approaches. The ABCD model was employed for simulating hydrological change processes in the base period and variation period. Finally, influences of climatic and anthropic factors on multi-scalar runoff were computed using the multi-scalar Budyko formula. The following conclusions were drawn in this study: (1) The mutation year of discharge was 1993; (2) the monthly runoff in the JLR presented a “single peak” distribution, and the concentration degree and concentration period in the JLR both showed an insignificant reduction trend; (3) anthropic factors were the dominant factor for spring runoff variations; climatic factors were the dominant factor on annual, summer, fall and winter runoff variations; (4) except for November, climatic factors were the dominant factor causing runoff changes in the other 11 months. This study has important reference value for water resource allocation and flood control decisions in the JLR.
Spatiotemporal Variation and Influences of Acidification in the North Pacific, 1995–2019
Authors: Wang Xun , Wang Jie , Mao Jingjing , Liu Jiaming
Published: September 2024

The continuous rise in atmospheric CO2 levels has led to persistent ocean acidification, which negatively impacts marine environments crucial for marine life and alters the chemical composition of seawater. This phenomenon carries significant implications for human society. Utilizing surface seawater pH data from the North Pacific spanning 1995 to 2019, this study investigates the overall and localized spatiotemporal variations in pH within the region, as well as the factors influencing these variations. Additionally, it conducts a quantitative analysis of the different influencing factors. The findings reveal a consistent downward trend in surface seawater pH in the North Pacific, decreasing from 8.073 to 8.029, with notable seasonal variations. The highest pH values are recorded in winter, followed by spring, with lower values in autumn and summer. Spatially, the pH values are higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast, with the most pronounced acidification occurring in the central and western regions, while other areas exhibit more uniform acidification levels. Spatial correlation analysis indicates that surface seawater pH in the North Pacific generally shows a negative correlation with sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), and chlorophyll-a concentration (chl a) and a positive correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO). Among these factors, SST exerts the greatest influence on seawater pH, followed by DO and SSS. The degree of acidification varies across different regions, and the dominant influencing factors differ accordingly. In the equatorial central region (A), the primary factors are chl a and SST; in the eastern regions of China and Japan (B) and the western region of Canada (C), DO and SSS are the main controlling factors. An interaction analysis of each pair of dominant factors using the geodetector shows that their respective contributions to regions A, B, and C are 70%, 90%, and 50%, respectively. Understanding the primary factors driving acidification in different regions can aid in comprehending the biological and environmental impacts of acidification in those areas and provide valuable insights for mitigating marine acidification.
Investigating Arctic Permafrost Dynamics Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging and Borehole Measurement in Svalbard
Authors: Lin Ding-Jiun , Chang Ping-Yu , Chen Ying-Lon , Puntu Jordi Mahardika , Ni Chuen-Fa , Giletycz Slawomir Jack , Sobota Ireneusz , Czarnecki Kamil , Chang Yu-Huan
Published: September 2024

This study utilized electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) to investigate subsurface characteristics near Nicolaus Copernicus University Polar Station on the western Spitsbergen-Kaffiøyra Plain island in the Svalbard archipelago. Surveys along two lines, LN (148 m) collected in 2022 and 2023, and ST (40 m) collected in 2023, were conducted to assess resistivity and its correlation with ground temperatures. The LN line revealed a 1- to 2-m-thick resistive unsaturated outwash sediment layer, potentially indicative of permafrost. Comparing the LN resistivity result between 2022 and 2023, a 600 Ohm.m decrease in the unsaturated active layer in 2023 was observed, attributed to a 5.8 °C temperature increase, suggesting a link to global warming. ERI along the ST line depicted resistivity, reaching its minimum at approximately 1.6 m, rising to over 200 Ohm.m at 4 m, and slightly decreasing to around 150 Ohm.m at 7 m. Temperature measurements from the ST line’s monitoring strongly confirmed that the active layer extends to around 1.6 m, with permafrost located at greater depths. Additionally, water content distribution in the ST line was estimated after temperature correction, revealing a groundwater depth of approximately 1.06 m, consistent with measurements from the S4 borehole on the ST line. This study provides valuable insights into Arctic subsurface dynamics, emphasizing the sensitivity of resistivity patterns to climate change and offering a comprehensive understanding of permafrost behavior in the region.
Beyond Bioremediation: The Untapped Potential of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Liberti Davide , Pinheiro Filipa , Simões Beatriz , Varela João , Barreira Luísa
Published: September 2024

Microalgae-based wastewater bioremediation has emerged as a promising and sustainable solution for water purification by harnessing the natural ability of microalgae to absorb and transform pollutants. In the literature, it is possible to find diverse microalgae applications in wastewater treatment, highlighting their efficiency in nutrient removal, heavy metal sequestration, and overall water quality enhancement. Although microalgae demonstrate remarkable potential for wastewater treatment, there is a critical gap in research concerning the utilization of biomass produced during the treatment process, including large-scale biomass harvesting methods, economic viability assessments, and the exploration of innovative downstream applications. By shedding light on these deficiencies, the aim of this review is to encourage further research and development to maximize the potential of microalgae in removing wastewater pollution and the application of biomass derived from the treatment. In conclusion, this review not only underscores the overall efficiency of microalgae in wastewater bioremediation but also emphasizes the necessity of a more comprehensive approach that considers the full lifecycle of microalgae, from wastewater treatment to innovative applications of biomass, addressing both environmental and economic concerns.
Apresentação rara de angiomixoma agressivo como pólipo cervical: primeiro relato de caso no Brasil
Authors: Cuervo Cordoba Bryan Alexander , Santos Tatianne Rosa dos , Chaves Rodrigo , Vera Christian David Montero , Fernandes Silvio Silva
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O angiomixoma profundo (AP) endocervical é uma neoplasia mesenquimal benigna rara que pode mimetizar outras condições ginecológicas, como pólipos cervicais. Esta entidade apresenta desafios diagnósticos devido à sua semelhança com outras lesões cervicais. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de angiomixoma profundo endocervical em uma paciente de 48 anos, apresentando sintomas de sangramento uterino anormal e anemia grave. Relato de Caso: Paciente apresentou-se na unidade de saúde com queixa de sangramento intermitente e intensa dor pélvica. Foi realizada video-histeroscopia diagnóstica, que revelou endométrio espessado com pólipos no canal endocervical. A biópsia do pólipo endometrial e o estudo anatomopatológico revelaram pólipo endocervical com aspecto mixoide do estroma. Foi realizado estudo imuno-histoquímico complementar. Os aspectos morfológicos observados, juntamente com o perfil imuno-histoquímico, favoreceram o diagnóstico de angiomixoma profundo. A paciente foi submetida à histerectomia total abdominal e salpingooforectomia bilateral. Conclusão:  O AP é, frequentemente, diagnosticado de modo errôneo e pode apresentar taxa significativa de recorrência, sendo necessária a realização da histerectomia total abdominal e salpingooforectomia bilateral. A cirurgia foi eficiente no caso da paciente.
A hipertrofia adenoideana e sua relação com distúrbios psiquiátricos e neurocognitivos em uma população pediátrica
Authors: Leite Daniel Tinôco , Guércio Wilson Benini , Luz Natália Maria Câmara da , Barone Marcelo Monteiro Vieira Braga , Guércio Janine Oliveira Santos , Ribeiro André Costa Pinto
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A hipertrofia adenoideana é a causa mais comum de obstrução das vias aéreas superiores em crianças e pode ser facilmente tratada por adenoidectomia. Nessa população, a respiração oral pode implicar em diferentes tipos de distúrbios do sono, instabilidade emocional, disfunção neurocognitiva, hiperatividade, transtornos de conduta, dentre outras alterações psiquiátricas. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência dos transtornos psiquiátricos e neurocognitivos em crianças e adolescentes submetidos a adenoidectomia e analisar as características clínico-epidemiológicas dessa população. Material e Métodos:  Estudo transversal, de prevalência, em que participaram pacientes submetidos a adenoidectomia no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF), entre março de 2021 e dezembro de 2023. Resultados: Foram incluídos 102 pacientes com a média de idade de 8,78 anos, com desvio padrão de ±3,16 anos. Todos os pacientes possuíam indicação cirúrgica, sendo que 22,5% deles possuíam previamente diagnóstico de algum transtorno psiquiátrico ou do neurodesenvolvimento. O transtorno mais prevalente foi o transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH), representando 30,4% do total da amostra com diagnóstico prévio. A prevalência dos transtornos foi similar em ambos os sexos, sendo 11,8% no sexo masculino e 10,8% no sexo feminino. Discussão: Neste estudo, o TDAH foi o distúrbio mais prevalente, representando 30,4% dos pacientes com diagnóstico de algum transtorno prévio à cirurgia. A adenoidectomia, quando realizada em crianças com obstrução acentuada da via aérea superior, beneficia o padrão respiratório e pode melhorar a atenção, os distúrbios comportamentais, as funções cognitivas, além de diminuir a necessidade do uso de medicações psiquiátricas comparativamente com o quadro clínico pré-operatório. Conclusão: Os distúrbios psiquiátricos e neurocognitvos têm prevalência importante na população pediátrica com hipertrofia adenoideana. Tais distúrbios devem ser sempre investigados nesse grupo de pacientes e, em caso de confirmação diagnóstica, um tratamento multidisciplinar deve ser instituído.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO PARA ALUNOS AUTISTAS, NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I
Authors: Penna Dias Graziany , Cristina Costa Sionara
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo analisou as atuais estratégias de ensino para alunos com TEA (Transtorno do Espectro Autista) nas aulas de Educação Física no ensino fundamental I (anos iniciais). O objetivo do trabalho foi pesquisar produções acadêmicas a fim de encontrar tais estratégias, e com os resultados encontrados realizar um quadro expositivo para melhor compará-las. Para a coleta dos dados foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com uma abordagem qualitativa nas principais revistas eletrônicas da área da Educação Física, e nas plataformas de pesquisa na internet. s resultados encontrados demonstraram que ainda há poucos estudos publicados sobre esse tema, inclusive não foram encontrados nenhum trabalho nas revistas eletrônicas renomadas. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram a importância da disciplina para o desenvolvimento do aluno com autismo, além disso, a maioria dos autores ressaltaram a eficácia da intervenção com crianças com TEA quando são feitas as devidas adaptações na comunicação e nas estratégias de manejo do comportamento.
Incremento de la inseguridad ciudadana en el parque Tercer Milenio Bogotá D.C. Colombia
Authors: Rueda Ángel Daniel López , Buitrago Roberto Carlos Gómez , Araque Andrés López , Lopez Jorge Leonardo García
Published: September 2024

En respuesta a la grave problemática de inseguridad que afecta al Parque Tercer Milenio, se desarrolló un sistema de seguridad ciudadana integral debido a la mala percepción de la seguridad por parte de los ciudadanos que lo habitan, quienes expresaron una preocupación generalizada debido a la presencia de actos delictivos en el parque. El dispositivo propuesto como prototipo titulado “PatrolVision” busca abordar esta problemática mediante la instalación de cámaras de vigilancia, botones de emergencia y sistemas de alerta. Con este dispositivo se pretende también desarrollar campañas de sensibilización para involucrar a los residentes en la seguridad del parque. El objetivo es mejorar la percepción de seguridad y promover una cultura de prevención del delito en la comunidad.
Royalty Rate as Industry Invariant in IP Transactions and Litigation
Authors: Костин А.В.
Published: September 2024

В статье показана фундаментальная роль отраслевых ставок роялти в лицензионных договорах и аналитического метода их расчета. Аналитический метод расчета ставок роялти (RoS - Royalty on Sales price) на основе рентабельности продаж (ROS) и прибыли до вычета процентов и налогов (EBIT - Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) отличается высокой точностью и учитывает специфику отраслей, в которых используется объект интеллектуальной собственности. Этот метод широко применяется как в судебных экспертизах, так и в коммерческих сделках, охватывая расчеты убытков, оценку рыночной стоимости исключительных прав, а также определение размеров компенсации и вознаграждения авторам в различных юрисдикциях. Показано, что ставка роялти является ключевым элементом двухкомпонентного ценообразования в лицензионных сделках, обеспечивая гибкость и эффективность в управлении интеллектуальной собственностью.

The article demonstrates the fundamental role of industry royalty rates in licensing agreements and the analytical method for their calculation. The analytical method for calculating royalty rates (RoS - Royalty on Sales price) based on Return on Sales (ROS) and Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) is highly accurate and takes into account the specifics of the industries where the intellectual property is used. This method is widely applied both in forensic examinations and in commercial transactions, covering loss calculations, market value assessments of exclusive rights, as well as determining compensation and remuneration for authors in various jurisdictions. It is shown that the royalty rate is a key element of two-component pricing in licensing deals, providing flexibility and efficiency in intellectual property management.
Preparation and Evaluation of Nanolipid Carriers of Bedaquiline- In vitro Evaluation and in silico Prediction
Authors: Rajendhiran Nandhini , Sayani Bhattacharyya
Published: September 2024

Background: Bedaquiline, a potent antitubercular drug used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant strains, suffers from low oral bioavailability, a slow onset of therapeutic action, and side effects. This investigation proposes the development of nanocarriers for the drug to improve drug release and estimate its effect on oral absorption through an in-silico model. Initially, a custom design was investigated to estimate the effects of composition and process on the entrapment and particle size of the carriers. The nanocarriers were subjected to studies on surface characteristics, surface morphology, thermal properties, drug release, ex vivo permeation, and antimicrobial efficacy. In silico predictions of bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters of the optimized formulation were conducted using GastroPlus® software.
Results: The study revealed that bedaquiline entrapped in nano lipid carriers (65.5 nm) of glyceryl behenate and palm oil effectively increased the rate of drug release by more than 80% and led to a 3.5-fold increase in antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Intestinal permeation was enhanced by 3.7 times. Predictions using GastroPlus® software indicated that the nano lipid carrier of bedaquiline could be a promising method for improving the drug's efficacy with better localization in the gastrointestinal compartments and improved pharmacokinetics, achieving 93% bioavailability.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that bedaquiline nanocarriers in a lipid matrix can serve as an effective tool for enhancing the efficacy of bedaquiline in the treatment of tuberculosis.
Assessment of QTc-interval Prolonging Medication Utilization and Associated Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Cardiac Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Cardiology
Authors: Humza Ahmad Ullah , Siddiq Afshan , Baig Sadia Ghousia , Ali Asif , Ahmed Imran , Bin Yousuf Jibran
Published: September 2024

Background: Several medications are linked to QTc-interval prolongation and torsades de pointes (TdP), a risk that is more common among hospitalized patients due to polypharmacy and associated QTc-interval-prolonging drug-drug interactions (QTc-pDDIs).
Objective: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of QTc-interval-prolonging drug (QTc-Drug) utilization and QTc-pDDIs among postoperative cardiac patients admitted to the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD).
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the NICVD, reviewing patients' medication charts for the use of QTc-Drugs and QTc-pDDIs. The CredibleMeds list was used to identify drugs associated with QTc-interval prolongation, while Micromedex Drug-Int.® and Lexicomp Interact® were utilized to screen for QTc-pDDIs.
Results: A total of 384 patients, with an average age of 48.9 ± 13.9 years, were included in the study. On average, patients used 10.3 ± 1.7 medications. Of the 3,956 medications prescribed, 22.9% were QTc-Drugs. The most frequently used QTc-Drug classes were diuretics (69.3%), anti-emetics (61.5%), and proton pump inhibitors (51.0%). Overall, 99.7% of patients received at least one QTc-Drug. The most frequent QTc-pDDI was ciprofloxacin-domperidone (7.6%), classified as major by Micromedex and a category B interaction by Lexicomp.
Conclusion: The prevalence of QTc-Drugs was very high among postoperative cardiac patients, with nearly all patients (99.7%) receiving at least one QTc-Drug. The most common QTc-pDDI was ciprofloxacin-domperidone (7.6%), identified as a major interaction by Micromedex and a category B interaction by Lexicomp. Category X (contraindicated) QTc-pDDIs should be avoided in hospitalized patients.