bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The regular gymnastics program on the quality of life for elderly people with hypertension
Authors: Almaini Almaini , Sumarni Titin , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Khoirini Fatimah
Published: November 2023

Background: The quality of life of the elderly may determine their well-being for the remainder of their lives. According to The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL), quality of life is an elderly functional condition that encompasses physical health, namely daily activities. One of the primary health problems in the elderly is hypertension. The conventional management of hypertension may be carried out with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. Non-pharmacological methods include improving lifestyle, one of which is by starting physical exercise regularly such as gymnastics for the elderly.Purpose: To determine the relationship the regular gymnastics program on the quality of life for elderly people with hypertensionMethod: Using the cross-sectional research method, the samples were taken randomly from the elderly population domiciled in the area of the East Curup Public Health Center totaling 87 elderly people who met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were men and women aged ≥60 years and the elderly with hypertension based on the diagnosis established by the officials of the public health center. While the exclusion criterion was elderly in emergency situations.Results: The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of respondents who gymnastics was lower than those who did not gymnastics.Conclusion: Elderly gymnastics is associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the elderly with hypertension, even though it is still higher than the target of hypertension management, and their quality of life.
The perceived insufficient milk supply and nipple trauma among breastfeeding mothers
Authors: Ainuni'mah Rizqa , Mubarokah Kismi
Published: November 2023

Background: Karangasem Public Health Center has the lowest coverage in Pemalang Regency, about 9.9 percent, or only 79 babies who get exclusive breast milk from a total of 798 babies. This is still far from the target of 60 percent. A total of 17 out of 20 mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months do not exclusively breastfeed.  Purpose: To analyze factors (characteristics, knowledge, perceptions) related to exclusive breastfeeding behavior.Method: The cross-sectional research design was applied to 86 respondents selected by simple random sampling using instruments tested for validity and reliability. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used for bivariate analysis (CI 95 percent).Results: Respondents between 20-40 years of age, a low education level (58.1 percent), non-working (81.4 percent), multipara (68.6 percent), sufficient knowledge (57 percent), and perception of lack of support towards exclusive breastfeeding (53.5 percent) and they do not provide exclusive breast milk (73.3 percent). There is a relationship between education (p:0.008), parity (p:0.027), knowledge (p:0.001), and perception (p:0.001) with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. While age (p:0.533) and working status (p:0.541) are not related to exclusive breastfeeding practices.Conclusion: Innovation of Maternal and Child Health programs in Health Centers related to increasing exclusive breast milk coverage needs to be done, especially on breastfeeding benefits and techniques.
Developing integrated care: Treating foot wounds in people with diabetes mellitus exposed by Covid-19
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Astuti Sri Lestari Dwi
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects many people around the world. WHO predicts the prevalence in 2030 will increase to 61 percent and it is estimated that 70 percent will become a pandemic in developing countries including Indonesia. Various complications require long-term care and require regular monitoring. One of the complications that is often experienced is diabetic foot ulcers which have increased in cases during the Covid-19 pandemic so that they require optimal service.Purpose: Developing a nursing service model for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, especially the treatment of diabetic foot wounds associated with the covid-19 pandemic.Method: Research design using quasi-experiment with a plan pre and post-test without control group design, namely comparing the condition of the wound, the effectiveness of the length of time for healing based on the frequency of wound care between 26 respondents who were exposed to covid-19 and 34 respondents who were not exposed. Data analysis used the chi-square test.Results: There is a difference in healing based on the frequency of treating diabetic foot wounds between those exposed to covid-19 and not exposed to obtain a p-value of 0.013 <0.05. There is a difference in healing based on the frequency of treating diabetic foot wounds in patients exposed to covid-19 between those who have arterial injuries and those who do not have arterial injuries, obtaining a p-value of 0.049 <0.05. Then there are differences in the condition of leg injuries before and after being treated in patients who are not exposed to covid-19, obtaining a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Whereas in patients exposed to covid-19, there was no difference with a p-value of 0.160 > 0.05.Conclusion: All hypotheses proposed except for the hypothesis that there is a difference in the condition of the wound between those exposed to covid-19 and those who were not exposed before and after being given treatment.Suggestion: In providing wound care to diabetic patients, it should be started by reviewing their history of having been exposed to covid-19. Furthermore, an assessment is made of whether the patient has an arterial wound so that the wound care that will be given is more appropriate and effective.
Self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer: A health belief model approach
Authors: Maulida Mutia Nadra , Muharyani Putri Widita , Idriansari Antarini , Adhisty Karolin
Published: November 2023

Background: Breast cancer is a disturbance in the growth of normal breast cells characterized by abnormal cells arising from normal cells that can infiltrate lymphatic tissue and blood vessels. This will have a major impact on patients and their families, both physically, psychologically, economically and in other aspects of life which certainly affect the patient's self-efficacy about their own ability to carry out healthy behaviors that have an impact on their treatment. One of the support efforts that can be given is the intensification of activities through the Health Belief Model.Purpose: To determine the effect of Self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer: A health belief model approachMethod: The design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. Determination of the sample by purposive sampling method as many as 60 participants. Data was collected using a self-efficacy questionnaire.Results: The Marginal homogeneity test obtained a p-value = 0.001, which means that there is an effect of giving interventions with the Health Belief Model on self-efficacy in breast cancer patients.Conclusion: Intervention with the Health Belief Model approach can increase the self-efficacy of breast cancer patients who are undergoing treatment.
The elderly's experiences: family support and participation in the integration of health services
Authors: Wawomeo Aris , Kurnia Theresia Avila , Cahyani Sisilia Leny , Doondori Anatolia Karmelita , Paschalia Yustina Pacifica Maria
Published: November 2023

Background: Higher life expectancy in Indonesia alarms the government to become more serious in enhancing the implementation of community programs for elderlies. The programs are intended to improve the life quality of the elderlies. Integration of health services for the elderly program that is well-implemented will make it easier for elderlies to Purpose: To determine the relationship between family support and the active participation of elderlies in attending integration of health servicesMethod: This correlational study was performed using a cross-sectional approach on 30 elderlies as respondents who were purposively sampled. Data of this study were collected using questionnaires which were then analyzed in a univariate analysis using frequency data. Bivariate analysis was also carried out using the chi-square test. Results: Most of the respondents actively participated in the program (76.67 percent). They are aware that they are vulnerable to health problems because respondents have good family support (53.33 percent). In particular, they rated good emotional support (66.67 percent), good facility support (73.33 percent), good knowledge and information support (46.67 percent), and good appraisal support (46.67 percent).Conclusion: The data analysis indicated the presence of a correlation between family support and the active participation of elderlies in the integration of health services for the elderly program in Ende Regency.Suggestion: Public Health Center needs to raise awareness of the reluctance of elderlies in attending the integration of health services for the elderly. It is necessary that health workers visit and approach the family of elderlies in order to improve the elderly's health and quality of life.
Analysis of pregnant women coagulopathy biomarker factors on covid-19 infection in the fetal
Authors: Manurung Suryani
Published: November 2023

Background: Of the 62 babies born, 20 (32 percent) were infected with covid-19, the average age of premature birth.Purpose: To analyze the relationship between coagulopathy biomarker factors in pregnant women infected with covid-19 and the incidence of covid-19 infection in newborns.Method: Cross-sectional with the retrospective method. The inclusion criteria were babies born from mothers infected with covid-19, and newborns aged 0-28 days. The number of samples is 145. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The data collection instrument is an observation sheet. Data were collected for 12 weeks from hospital medical records. Analysis of chi-square test data and independent t-test.Results: Participants were young adults as much as 86 (61.4 percent). Gestational age-based delivery was premature as much as 55 (37.9 percent). The gestational age range at delivery is 28 weeks to 41 weeks, gestational age when infected with covid-19 trimester III a gestational age range is from 29 weeks to 41 weeks. Coagulopathy biomarker values experienced There were 140 abnormal D-dimers with a range of >500 (96.6 percent). All babies are born of mothers infected with covid-19, less than 0 days after birth, 39 were infected (27.1 percent) were infected with covid-19 at <0 days. D-dimer coagulopathy biomarkers exist a significant relationship (p-value < 0.05) against infection of newborns from the inside Womb.Conclusion: Coagulopathy biomarker factors in pregnant women are related to the occurrence of babies infected with covid-19. Where the incidence of infection in newborns has occurred since zero days born.
Family support and the healthcare workforce when the patient chooses a cesarean section on maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Safitri Arien Dwi Ajeng Adhe , Andriyanti Andriyanti , Budiono Dwi Izzati
Published: November 2023

Background: Childbirth is a series of pregnancy processes that end with the expulsion of the products of conception. The number of births with SC is increasing every year. In Indonesia, the incidence of cesarean section in 2009 has reached 29.6%. This number certainly affects the mortality and morbidity rates in subsequent deliveries.Purpose: To identify family support and the healthcare workforce when the patient chooses a cesarean section on maternal and neonatal outcomesMethod: A case study with TOLAC (Trial of Labor After Cesarean Delivery) is a planned effort to give birth vaginally by a woman who has had a previous SC delivery. Women's perceptions related to pregnancy to delivery can influence the choice of the desired delivery method.Results: Women 31 year old with G3P1011 assisted since 17-18 weeks of gestation. Had an obstetric history with 1x caesarean section in 2016 because there was no progress in labour. Early referral planning has been carried out. Termination of pregnancy by sectio caesarea is planned at 38-39 weeks of gestation. Since the beginning of the pregnancy, the mother wanted to give birth vaginally, but the mother did not get support from her husband or family. Before the intervention was carried out, the mother experienced signs of labor and the mother wanted to try vaginal delivery but was not supported by healthcare workforce and a cito SC was performed. The baby was born healthy with a good Apgar score.Conclusion: The perceptions and beliefs that pregnant women have after SC surgery need to be balanced with the support of their families and healthcare workforce so that they are successful in undergoing trials of the normal delivery method according to preference. Mentoring activities can be a method of providing education, monitoring efforts, and early detection of complications in pregnant women with former SC operations.
Educational Knowledge: Games to stimulate growth in children among mothers of toddlers
Authors: Harsono Harsono , Rinayati Rinayati , Iswandari Hargianti Dini , Retnaningrum Okti Trihastuti Dyah
Published: November 2023

Background: Factors that help achieve child growth and development are proper stimulation. The role of parents, in this case, the mother has a big enough contribution to the successful process of child development. Purpose: To find out the increase in mothers of toddler knowledge about the benefits of games that stimulate children's growthMethod: The form of this research design is a pre-experimental design (One-Group Pretest-Posttest) with a purposive sampling technique and the research population is mothers of under five children in Gondoriyo Semarang.  Processing techniques and analysis of quantitative data using the analysis of the t-test (test T). Results: The normality test, shows that the Sig value in the Shapiro-Wik column for the mother’s knowledge variable before and after being given an educational game is less than 0.05 so it is declared not to have a normal distribution.  So to find out whether there is a difference in the average knowledge of mothers regarding educational games, an analysis of the Wilcoxon Signed test was carried out.  Based on the results of the Wilcoxon signed test, it was found that the asymp sig (2-tailed) value was 0,000 < 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average knowledge of toddler mothers before and after being given educational games stimulating growth and development.Conclusion: Mother's knowledge increases about the benefits of providing educational games to stimulate child growth and development
Pregnant women in the exposure to COVID-19 infection outbreak with the risk of stunting based on the growth and development of babies
Authors: Manurung Suryani
Published: November 2023

Background: Exposure to Covid-19 that occurs in pregnancy is at risk of miscarriage, IUGR (intrauterine growth retardation) and  as a predictor of detection of stunted babies associated with pregnancy and postpartum.Purpose: To analyze pregnant women in the exposure to the COVID-19 infection outbreak with the risk of stunting based on the growth and development of babiesMethod: The cross-sectional population is infants aged less than 12 months and their mothers with a history of Covid-19 infected status during pregnancy. The samples were 48 two groups of infectious and non-infectious and taken by a purposive sampling technique. Researched at the polyclinic of the Covid-19 referral hospital. The statistic analyzes mean and correlation test data with Chi-Square.Results: The age range of babies at observation was 2-12 months with a mean age of 7 months. Progression score with Pre-screening Developmental Questionnaire (PDQ) lowest 2 and highest 10.  Pregnant women who are not infected are at risk of stunting with the highest indicator of baby weight is normal at 70.8 percent and normal baby height at 80 percent. Pregnant women infected with Covid-19 without symptoms to moderate symptoms risk stunting with the highest indicator of baby weight being normal ranging from 46.2 percent – 80 percent and normal infant height ranging from 80 percent - 84.6 percent. Analysis of the effect of exposure to Covid-19 during pregnancy on the risk of stunting based on the baby's weight and height had no effect (p-value > 0.05). The ratio of infant development deviations in uninfected and Covid-19 infected mothers was 16.7%. The results of the analysis of the relationship between the confirmed status of Covid-19 during pregnancy and infant development are related (P value < 0.05).Conclusion: The effect of exposure to Covid-19 during pregnancy on the risk of stunting based on the baby's weight and height has no effect. A comparison found deviations in infant development in uninfected and Covid-19-infected mothers, there was an association.
Nutritional management of diabetes mellitus: A single‐case study
Authors: Sinuraya Elida , Sitanggang Antonij Edimarta , Silitonga Erwin , Situmorang Jastro , Saragi Leo Rikki
Published: November 2023

Background: An imbalance of the body's nutritional needs is a condition in which nutrient intake is insufficient to meet the metabolic needs of the body. Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by high levels of glucose in the blood due to the body's inability to release or use insulin adequately.Purpose: to find out whether nursing interventions can meet the nutritional needs of the body in patients with diabetes mellitus.Method: This descriptive research uses a case study approach. The participant is a 68-year-old man who is 3 years old with diabetes mellitus. He felt weak, dizzy, and his legs tingled. He had no appetite and to eat, he only ate half of the plate. Their current blood sugar level is 548 mg/dl and their blood pressure is 200/94 mmHg. Intervention - within 3 days, participants were assessed on vital signs, nutritional status, and favorite foods. Participants received education about oral hygiene and important nutrition for their bodies. Participants had received insulin and a 1700-calorie diet.Results: With this intervention, participants' blood sugar levels were randomly assigned to drop from 548 mg/dl to 200 mg/dl, appetite increased, and food intake increased from half a plate to one plate. His blood pressure dropped from 200/94 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.Conclusion: The results of these participants provide an encouraging assessment of vital signs, nutritional status, and favorite foods, education about oral hygiene and essential nutrients for the body, and collaboration of insulin diet and diabetes patients.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices on postoperative pain management among registered nurses in a private hospital in Selangor-Malaysia
Authors: Samad Norini Binti , Ahmad Aini , Yusof Puziah , Kunjukunju Annamma
Published: November 2023

Background: Postoperative pain is an important aspect of patient care. It occurs when there is tissue injury and muscle spasms following surgery. The goal of postoperative pain management is to minimize discomfort and side effects. Poor pain management can result in patient discomfort, complications, slow recovery, and longer hospitalization. Therefore, it is crucial for registered nurses to have a good understanding of postoperative pain assessment tools in order to provide the best pain management for their patients.Purpose: To assess knowledge and attitude related to pain management practices among registered nurses (rn) in postoperative patients. Method: In this study, a descriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey design was used. A questionnaire was administered, consisting of four parts. The first part collected socio-demographic data from Registered Nurses. The second part contained 13 true and false questions to evaluate their knowledge level. The third part consisted of 14 questions to assess the attitudes of Registered Nurses, and the fourth part consisted of 18 questions using a Likert scale to evaluate their practices. The total number of respondents was 108 Registered Nurses. The data obtained were analyzed using IBM Social Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.Results: The study finding shows that  58.2% of Registered Nurses possess adequate knowledge regarding postoperative pain management, while 41.8% lack sufficient knowledge. These nurses agree that effective analgesia is crucial in postoperative care, with 90.8% recognizing the importance of pain measurement instruments. Providing a clean and comfortable ward with a neatly made bed is the most commonly practiced intervention for pain relief among Registered Nurses. Additionally, the study found a positive correlation between age, years of clinical experience, and pain management practices.Conclusion: According to the findings, there is significant variation in the knowledge, attitude, and practices of registered nurses when it comes to managing postoperative pain. To ensure that patients receive helpful and effective pain management after surgery, it is important for nurses to participate in ongoing professional development activities.
Asthma control test (ACT): comparison with the accurate use of inhalers for the treatment among patients with asthma
Authors: Oktobiannobel Jordy , Soemarwoto Retno Ariza S. , Sinaga Fransisca , Rusmini Hetti , Rahayu Lutfi Indah
Published: November 2023

Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. Pharmacological therapies that are often given by inhalation are Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) and Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI). According to the GLOBAL INITIATIVE FOR ASTHMA Asthma Control Test (ACT) is a questionnaire that can be used to measure the level of asthma controlPurpose: To determine the relationship between the correct use of inhalers and the results of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) in asthma patientsMethod: The design of this study was an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach. The parameter used were asthma control test questionnaires taken from primary data in the form of a survey. There were 126 total samples of respondents who met the inclusion criteria, namely asthma patients who used inhalers and underwent at least 3 months of treatment.Results: Spearman correlation test was obtained p = 0.000 which means that there is a significant relationship between the accuracy of inhaler use and the results of the asthma control test and a strong positive correlation coefficient of r = 0.667 and, for the 95% confidence interval in this study, it was obtained (95%CI = 3.09-3.83).Conclusion: There is a relationship between the correct use of inhalers and the results of the asthma control test (ACT) in asthma patients.
Knowledge, attitude regarding prevention of medication errors among registered nurses
Authors: Ben Rohanah , Ahmad Aini , Radizuan Teh Halimaton , Kunjukunju Annamma
Published: November 2023

Background: Medication error (ME) is a preventable incident that might lead to patient harm or cause inappropriate medication use while the patient, healthcare professional, or consumer controls the medication. Such incidents might be related to the procedures and systems, including pre-labelling order communication, product labelling, packaging, nomenclature, compounding, dispensing, distribution, administration, education, monitoring, and use, professional practice and health care products. According to World Health Organization (2016), 6-7% of inpatients are exposed to medication errors daily, mostly admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and long-term care. Medication errors could result in negative events affecting patient safety, such as adverse events causing disability, injury and even in-hospital death.Purpose: To assess the knowledge regarding the prevention of medication errors and the attitude regarding the prevention of medication errors among registered nurses in a private hospital, particularly in Sarawak.Method: A descriptive quantitative research design cross-sectional survey has been chosen. A set of questionnaires adapted from Di Simone et al. (2018) about knowledge on the administration of IV drugs and attitude, while knowledge on serving medications was adapted from Johari et al. (2013), has been distributed to 122 registered nurses of the private hospital to obtain information about the nurses' knowledge and attitude on the prevention of medication error. The data has been analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Science (SPSS) version 20. In this study, a purposive sampling method has been used to enrol eligible participants. Participants’ knowledge and attitude were analyzed using frequency and percentage. The Pearson correlation coefficient test has been used to determine the relationship between knowledge and the socio-demographic data among registered nurses in a private hospital.Results:The study revealed that most of the registered nurses, 93 (76.2%) in one of the private hospitals in Sarawak, East Malaysia, have moderate knowledge of serving medications and a strong correlation between the level of education and knowledge regarding preventing medication error.Conclusion: Nurses have moderate knowledge and positive attitudes in preventing medication errors.
Treatment adherence and quality of life of patients taking antihypertensive medications
Authors: Nonasri Fitra Galih , Larasati TA
Published: November 2023

Background: Hypertension as The Silent Killer characterized by blood pressure ≥140 mmHg/≥90 mmHg. Hypertensive people have lower quality of life compare to non-hypertensive people and they need an appropriate health behavior. Hypertensive medication without lifestyle modification and routine control of blood pressure increase cardiovascular complication even death that affecting quality of lifePurpose: To identify the characteristic and the dominant health behavior affecting quality of life among hypertensive farmer. Method: The minimum sample 103 hypertensive farmer ≥18 years old in Gunung Agung Village, Terusan Nunyai District, Central Lampung include in this cross sectional study after measuring the blood pressure. The data was taken by interviewing the participants using health seeking behavior questionnaire and Short Form-36, then multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression.Results: A total of 103 hypertensive farmer dominant in the 1st grade of hypertension (63,2%), male (56,3%), 45-54 years old (35%), primary school as the last education background (45,6%), income rates ≤7 million/year (68%), and don’t take anti-hypertensive medications regularly (98,1%). Preventive and curative treatment as part of treatment efforts were the most dominant variable affecting quality of life (p=0,023; OR=0,096; CI=0,028-0,327).Conclusion: Quality of life of hypertension farmers was significantly related to attitude towards health (p=0.001; OR=0.218; CI=5.76-42.34), treatment effort (p=0.001; OR=1.86; CI=0.09-0 ,54), first time of treatment (p=0,001; OR=8,473; CI=3,10-23,17), and frequency of examination (p=0,023; OR=14,426; CI=5,81-40,16), where treatment efforts such as routine blood pressure control and taking anti-hypertensive drugs can improve quality of life (OR=4.208).
Training adult laypeople in basic life support to enhance knowledge and confidence
Authors: Sasmito Priyo , Fajariyah Nur , Rasmita Dina , Hartoyo Mugi , Arifani Nisa , Koto Yeni
Published: November 2023

Background: The lack ability of community to provide first aid to victims who experience cardiac arrest is due to their lack of knowledge and skills. Adolescent to adult age group has good potential to be involved in efforts to provide resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases.Purpose: To determine the effect of training adult laypeople in basic life support to enhance knowledge and confidenceMethod: A quasi-experimental study with 1 pre and post-test group with a total sample of 30 members of youth organizations taken with total sampling technique.Results: There was an increase in respondents' knowledge by an average of 58.89 from the initial knowledge with an average score of 30 (poor) to 88.89 (good). The results of statistical calculations using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a level of significance (α) 0.05 showed that calculated W value smaller than W table and the p value 0.000 smaller than α 0.05.  There was also an increase in respondents' self-confidence of performing BLS from an average of 43.67 (less confident) to an average of 88.00 (very confident) after BLS training. Calculated W value is smaller than W table and p value 0,000 smaller than α 0.05.Conclusion: BLS training has a significant effect on the knowledge and self-confidence level of respondents. There is an increase in the level of knowledge and confidence of respondents in the age group of adolescents and young adults to perform resuscitation after receiving BLS training.
Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding duration in South Sulawesi-Indonesia: A population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Zulkarnain Dinda Asari , Fitriani Rini , Saharuddin Saharuddin , Sakinah Andi Irhamnia , Dahlan Dahlan
Published: November 2023

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant receives only breast milk without any additional food or drink given which is started from the day 1 to 6 months old. Breast milk has been considered to be the greatest food source for babies as it contains various substances and antibodies that are important for baby's growth and development. Purpose: To investigate the factors influencing exclusive breast feeding on mothers at Dahlia Health Center of Mariso District, Makassar, South Sulawesi.Method: The observational study design by using cross sectional approach. The population of this study was mothers with children aged between 6- 24 months in the working area of Dahlia Health Center in 2020. The total population was 343 mothers. The sampling technique used in study was purposive sampling with a total sample of 80 people.The research data were analysed by using SPSS application with a Chi square test.Results: The findings of this study indicated various results on different variables. It was shown that p value was  0.030 (<0.05) for the variable of mothers’ age; p value was 0.009 (<0.05) for the variable of  mothers’ education; p value was 1,000 (> 0.05) for the variable of mothers’ employment; p value was  0.538 (> 0.05) for the variable of family income; p value was 0.037 (<0.05) for the variable of  mothers knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding; and p value was 0.000 (<0.05) for the variable of  family support. Conclusion: From these results, it could be concluded that there are relationships between the  variables of mothers’ age, education, work, family income, knowledge, and family support and the  commitment of mother to breastfeed their children.
Qualitative perspectives of new graduate nurses to educational preparation for patient care
Authors: Jana Vilma Ajijul , Radizuan Teh Halimatun , Maldisa Gemalyn S
Published: November 2023

Background: A phenomenological qualitative study were conducted and investigated the perceptions of new Nursing graduates in relation to their educational preparation in caring for patients. Practice readiness and preparedness of new nurses continue to be a challenge in 21st century healthcare delivery system. To adapt to the rapidly varying and advancing healthcare settings; nurse educators must regularly assess and review education curricula, teaching-learning strategies and programs adopted to prepare new professional nurses. In Malaysia, Nursing Education Task Force was formed– Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), 2010. ‘Development of Nursing Education in Malaysia towards the year 2020’. The aim of this task force is to improve and transform Nursing Education in Malaysia from Diploma to degree programmes by the year 2020, to prepare New Nurses to practice in all priority areas of nursing care.Purpose: To explore and describe the experiences of new graduate nurses working in hospitals and their perceptions in relation to educational preparation for patient care.Method: Using a Phenomenological Qualitative study, This Study focused on the lived and expressed experiences of the participants. It involved the description and interpretation of human experiences so that the experience could be better understood.Results: Seven Themes were extracted from the significant statements and formulated meanings of the ten respondents who voluntarily participated in this study. Orientation process, Value of preceptor, Solidifying concepts, Knowledge, Role transition, Doctors’ behaviour towards new staff and Staff shortage were among the needs of the new graduate Nurses that needs to be addressed.Conclusion: This study was able to provide insights into the lived experiences of ten new nurses and their perceptions in relation to educational preparations for patient care. Recommendations were also made to meet and support the new nurses’ needs. These findings, which may have important implications for nursing practice, management, education and to nursing profession as a whole, need further study in a larger scale to explore more on the lived and expressed experiences of the new nurses and to strongly support this research study.
Maize genetic breeding for tolerance to abiotic stress with focus on sustainable use of environmental resources
Authors: Loro Murilo Vieira , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Pradebon Leonardo Cesar , Sangiovo Jaqueline Piesanti , Roza João Pedro Dalla , Zuse Guilherme Hickembick , Foleto Eduardo Ely
Published: November 2023

This bibliographic review explored maize genetic breeding to increase tolerance to abiotic stress. The main stresses faced by the crop, such as water stress and nitrogen deficiency, and their negative impacts on grain yield were discussed. Strategies to minimize these effects were examined, focusing on the selection of tolerant genotypes and the strategic positioning of these genotypes in different growing environments. The germplasm bank and genetic diversity were highlighted as crucial resources to identify desirable traits and genes associated with resistance to abiotic stress. The selection of secondary characters, considering their heritability and correlation with characters of interest, allows maximizing the efficiency in the selection of promising genotypes in genetic breeding programs. Test environments simulating stresses, such as water stress and low nitrogen, are essential to evaluate the performance of genotypes and identify the most tolerant ones. The genetic breeding of maize for tolerance to abiotic stress promotes promising solutions to face environmental challenges and ensure the sustainability of agricultural production.
Preterm Labour Pain & Its Outcome in 50 pts attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital-ICMH
Authors: Jabeen Mahe , Jebunnesa  , Dilruba Akter Mossammat , Ara Anjuman , Azmaeen Md Shabab
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Preterm labor is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity all over the world. Over the past two decades despite major preventive efforts, the incidence of preterm birth has remained constant at about 5-10% of live births. The etiology is often multifactorial and poorly understood. Currently preterm labour is one of the most challenging problems confronting the obstetricians and perinatologists. With this background the present study was done to find out perinatal outcome in women presenting with preterm labour.
Aims To study the fetal and maternal outcome in preterm labor cases.
Materials and Methods: It was Prospective, single centered, observational study. A total of 50 women with preterm labor in the study period i.e. from June 2019 to May 2020 were included for the study sample. This study carried out at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Child and Mother Health (ICMH), Matuail, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected personally through a structural questionnaire.
Results: Out of 50 subjects, majority of mothers 32(64%) were in age group of 21-30 years followed by 12(24%) in age group of 20 years. Majority 26(52%) of study subjects were primigravida followed by 24(48%) multigravida. Majority 32(64%) of study subjects were in lower class followed by 15 (30%) cases in middle class, 3(6.0%) cases in affluent class. Maximum 31 (62%) cases were unbooked cases and rest 19 (38%) cases were booked. Out of 50 babies who were <2500 grams, maximum 29 (58.0%) were low birth weight followed by 11(22%) being VLBW babies. 5 cases were >2.5 kgs, which are not LBW babies according to WHO Classification of low birth weight. Majority 17 (47.2%) stayed for 1-10 days followed by 9 (25.0%) babies for 11-20 days. Also 7 (19.4%) babies stayed for 21-30 days.
Conclusions: Preterm infants are at high risk of overall morbidity and mortality. Clinical suspicion, early detection and correction of risk factors, institutional delivery and good neonatal care back up facilities can improve the outcome of preterm labour and decrease the maternal complications as well.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35 (2): 73-77
Prevalence of Caries with its Distribution by Age & Gender in Institutional Clinical Patients
Authors: Mahmud Abdullah Al , Shathi Ishrat Jhahan , Rabby Md Atiqul Islam , Ferdoushi Iffat Ara , Kulsum Umme
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Consequence of dental caries is loose of healthy tooth structure which impacts negatively on aesthetics, function, self-esteem and quality of life of the patients. Different age groups and populations exhibit distinct caries prevalence rates, observations of which could provide a useful descriptive measure of caries susceptibility in tooth surfaces.
Materials and Methods: In this study, patients attending the Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, located in Mirpur-14 and Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics of Sapporo Dental College & Hospital, located in Abdullahpur (North Dhaka City), Bangladesh, were examined between 2017 and 2019. The location of dental caries on the teeth surfaces was recorded as following surface: Occlusal , Mesio-occlusal, Disto-occlusal, Proximal and Cervical for statistical evaluation and comparison. Furthermore, the age and gender of the patients were recorded on the chart for each caries tooth. 
Result: Female had higher incidence 86 (57%) of caries than males 64 (43%). Caries distribution was common in the maxillary jaw (53.38%) than in the mandibular jaw (46.62%). Among our study patient occlusoal surface caries was most commonly observed (43.4%). Then, the proximal surface caries was seen in 28.3% cases. Overall 71.7% prevalence of caries was in occlusal and proximal area. Where, prevalence of proximal and cervical surface caries was higher in maxillary tooth (18.9% and 4.82%) than mandibular tooth (9.3% and 2.6%) respectively. 
Conclusion:  Female are more prevalent to dental caries than male. Occlusoal surface caries is most commonly observed, then, the proximal surface caries are commonly seen. Occlusal surface caries is more common in mandibular tooth than maxillary. Where, proximal and cervical surface caries was higher in maxillary tooth.  
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 78-82
Effectiveness of an Educational Booklet for the Management of Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Aziz Md Atikul , Hossain Shahadat , Bilkish Banu Hashina , Ahmed Monzur , Chakrabarty Shohag , Minhaj Uddin ASM
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of provision of an educational booklet for the management of patients with chronic low back pain.
Material and Methods: A Randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted from January 2018 to June 2018 among 80 patients attending at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient department of the Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. 80 Patients were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B). Group A contains Patients educational booklet group + exercises + analgesics (Case group). Group B contains Physicians advice only group + exercises + analgesics (control group). Data were collected through interviewing and examining of the patients. The collected data were entered into the computer and analyzed by using SPSS (version 20.1) to assess the effectiveness of provision of an educational booklet for the management of patients with chronic low back pain. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee.
Results: In a pool of 80 patients, the range of age was 18-55 years in case group and control group. There was no significant difference found in age between case and control group (p value is 0.383). Among the patients of case group 28 (70.0%) were male and 12 (30.0%) were female. Among the patients of control group 17 (42.5%) were male and 23 (57.5%) were female. Visual analogue score (VAS) score of group A patient was 5.4±1.0 and group B was 5.7±1.1 (p=0.143). At the first follow up the mean VAS score of group A was 4.5±1.0 and group B was 4.8±0.9 (p=0.111). At the second follow up the mean VAS score of group A was 3.1±0.9 and group B was 3.5±0.8 (p=0.077). And at the final (third) follow up the mean VAS score of group A was1.9±0.8 and group B was 2.4±0.6 (p=0.002).
Conclusion: There was significant improvement of pain of case group than control group. At the end of study we can tell that, educational booklet is effective for the management of patients with chronic low back pain.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 87-90
Complications of Nd Yag Laser Capsulotomy
Authors: Abdul Matin Md , Shaheen Mahbubur Rahman , Farhana Zakia , Abdul Khaleque Sajed
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Aim and objective is to study the intra and post laser complications of Nd yag laser posterior  capsulotomy and to find out the incidence of complications.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology, Ad-Din Women Medical College 2, Bara moghbazar, Dhaka from July  2018 to June 2022. Our study included 206 patients of 220 eyes with significant PCO. Before laser capsulotomy all patients were assess by routine slit lamp examination, IOP measurement and posterior segment examination done for every patient for exclusion of gross posterior segment pathology. Nd yag laser capsulotomy was carried out under topical anesthesia. These patients were assessed for post laser visual acuity and complications  in 1st POD  after 7 day and 1 month. Every patients with post laser routine medications and as per need of other related eye problems.
Result: Total 220 eyes  of 208 patients included in our study ,including 93 male (44.71%) and 115 female (55.29%).Range of age were 21yrs to 87 years. Laser capsulotomy were done  one  eye in 208 patients and both eyes in 14 patients. Range of energy used in our study from 1 to 4.5 mJ. Complications were noted after yag laser capsulotomy In 29 eyes (13.76%) though after taking maximum precaution for avoiding complications including pre laser slit lamp examination, assessment of IOP, proper dilatation of pupil, power setting were minimum as per as possible.
Conclusion: The Nd yag laser capsulotomy is an effective, safe procedure for the treatment of opaque posterior capsule which is unique and magical approach for improvement of vision and restoration of effective life style. Every procedure have some adverse effect, Nd yag laser capsulotomy also have some complications .but benefit are tremendous if we can go in proper way.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 91-94
Pattern of Childhood Malignancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Akter Masuma , Morshed Khosru AKM Amirul , Badruddoza Shah Mohammad , Kabir Enamul , Arbab Sarker Mohammad , Ismail Maymuna
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Cancer is a leading cause of death for children and adolescent worldwide. The cure rates in low middle-income countries are dismal (20%) in comparison to high income countries (80%). This study attempts to provide spectrum of pediatric malignancies from a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.
Aim: Aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of Childhood malignancy in a tertiary care hospital like Dhaka Medical College Hospital(DMCH).
Materials and Methods: It is a prospective observational study was done in DMCH, over a period of 1 year (March 2014 to February 2015). After fulfilling the inclusion criteria, total 200 children aged 0-15 years were enrolled in this study. For classification of pediatric malignancies the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC), was followed.
Results: Patients were stratified in 4 groups according to the age; 0-3 years, 3-6 years, 6-9 years and 9-12 years. Most of the patients fell in 6–9-year group (29%), followed by 3–6-year group (25%). Majority of cases, 61% were male. The male to female ratio was 1.55:1. Among200 cases, Leukemia (49%) was the most common malignancy followed by lymphoma, CNS Tumor, Neuroblastoma, Retinoblastoma, Wilms tumor and Malignant bone tumors. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises majority (98/200) of leukemia.
Conclusion: This study gauges the trend of pediatric malignancies in Bangladesh, which is important in the planning and evaluation of health strategies. In Bangladesh, where there is dearth of high-quality data as we lack a dedicated pediatric cancer registry, such epidemiological studies play a significant part for this small but distinguished group of patients.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 95-98
Corneal Clarity after Phacoemulsification: Nuclear Management by Stop and Chop Method
Authors: Golam Rosul Md , Salam Siddique Md Abdus , Saleh Khan Sayed , Harun Husna
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Restoration of effective vision is the principal aim of all modalities of cataract surgery including phacoemulsification. In this method, nuclear part of the cataractous lens is emulsified by ultrasonic power.  Energy level of ultrasonic power and turbulence of fluid in the anterior chamber play an important role in corneal endothelial cell loss which inturn influences post-operative corneal clarity. Endothelial cell loss can be minimized by modification of nuclear management method. The common nuclear division techniques of phacoemulsification are stop and chop, divide and conquer and phaco chop.
Purpose: To show post-operative corneal clarity after phacoemulsification by stop and chop technique of nuclear divisions.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at selected outdoor patients from January, 2023 to June, 2023 over 33 patients of age related cataract selected for phacoemulsification surgery. Patients were selected based on specific selection criteria. Selected patient underwent detail, ocular and systemic examinations as well as relevant investigations which included assessment of corneal endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness. Phacoemulsification were done in all patients by a single expert surgeon where technique of nuclear management by stop and chop were chosen randomly. Patients were followed up on 1 week, 4 weak and 12 weak after surgery. Corneal endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness were assessed in each visit. All the relevant data were presented by appropriate tables.
Results: The mean age of the study subjects were 60.96 with standard deviation 1.75 years out of which 14 were males and 17 were females. Pre-operative value of mean endothelial cell count was 2620+-70.20/mm2. Mean value of endothelial count was 2420+-68.90/ mm2,  2345+-66.64/ mm2, 2310+-66.04/ mm2 respectively after 1 week , 4 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. Mean value of  central corneal thickness was 545+-40.50 micrometer,  535+-40.02 micrometer, 532+-39.85 micrometer respectively after 1 week, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery.
Conclusion: Quantitative assessment  of endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness shows that at end of the study there was no significant difference in mean endothelial cell count and mean central corneal thickness .
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 118-120