bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 0.19 mg Fluocinolone Acetonide Intravitreal Implant – A Review on its Use in Diabetic Macular Oedema from the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting 2018
Authors: Loewenstein Anat ,   Sidney Fuchs Chair in Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel,   Department of Ophthalmology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, Chakravarthy Usha ,   Centre for Public Health, Queens University of Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK, Bandello Francesco ,   Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
Published: January 2019

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a complication of diabetic retinopathy and a leading cause of visual impairment in patients with diabetes. ILUVIEN® (Alimera Sciences Inc., Alpharetta, GA, USA) is an intravitreal implant of fluocinolone acetonide (FAc), which is indicated in Europe for the treatment of vision impairment associated with chronic DMO that is considered insufficiently responsive to available therapies. This article reviews the clinical effectiveness and safety of the FAc implant from real-world studies presented at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) 2018 Annual Meeting. Review findings: Evidence from real-world studies, with the FAc implant in persistent or recurrent DMO, show consistent outcomes at a similar time point with those reported in the pivotal randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Real-world studies have also shown that the FAc implant led to improvements in visual acuity and central retinal thickness, as well as reductions in treatment burden. Increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) observed in these studies were consistent with those reported at a similar time point in the RCTs and with the effect of other corticosteroid treatments. Expert opinion and conclusions: The results suggest that FAc offers a clinical and cost-effective alternative in the treatment of persistent or recurrent DMO. There are low risks of raised IOP and cataract formation, both of which are amenable to treatment.
Relaciones públicas y campañas de prevención de consumo de drogas y seguridad vial. Análisis del tratamiento en prensa
Authors: Paricio Esteban Mª Pilar , Puchalt López María , Femenía Almerich Sandra
Published: January 2019

España en uno de los países a la cabeza en siniestralidad en materia de seguridad vial relacionada con el consumo de sustancias adictivas. Ante esta situación, las instituciones públicas y privadas están desarrollando estrategias de prevención donde las relaciones públicas y, en particular, la relación con los medios se han constituido como herramientas fundamentales para la difusión de las campañas en orden a la concienciación de la población. El objeto de estudio es el análisis de la gestión de las relaciones públicas a través de los medios de comunicación enmarcadas en las campañas de prevención realizadas por la DGT, FAD y Fundación Mapfre (2011-2015). Para ello, se ha realizado una evaluación de las campañas en prensa generalista y especializada, aplicando el método de medición de la exposición al mensaje que incluye: el análisis de la cobertura e impacto, el análisis económico y un análisis de contenido categorial y evaluativo de la dirección e intensidad. Los resultados del estudio arrojan entre otros datos: una baja cobertura e intensidad que no favorece la visibilidad de las campañas, un predominio del tono negativo, y la presencia destacada del alcohol frente a otras sustancias. Por todo ello la gestión de las relaciones públicas sólo ha sido eficaz en términos económicos.
Discovering new 3D bioprinting applications: Analyzing the case of optical tissue phantoms
Authors: Hernandez-Quintanar Luis , Rodriguez-Salvador Marisela
Published: January 2019

Optical tissue phantoms enable to mimic the optical properties of biological tissues for biomedical device calibration, new equipment validation, and clinical training for the detection, and treatment of diseases. Unfortunately, current methods for their development present some problems, such as a lack of repeatability in their optical properties. Where the use of threedimensional (3D) printing or 3D bioprinting could address these issues. This paper aims to evaluate the use of this technology in the development of optical tissue phantoms. A competitive technology intelligence methodology was applied by analyzing Scopus, Web of Science, and patents from January 1, 2000, to July 31, 2018. The main trends regarding methods, materials, and uses, as well as predominant countries, institutions, and journals, were determined. The results revealed that, while 3D printing is already employed (in total, 108 scientific papers and 18 patent families were identified), 3D bioprinting is not yet applied for optical tissue phantoms. Nevertheless, it is expected to have significant growth. This research gives biomedical scientists a new window of opportunity for exploring the use of 3D bioprinting in a new area that may support testing of new equipment and development of techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
ASPECTOS DIALÉTICOS DA CAPOEIRA
Authors: Cunha Suelen Pereira da , Silva Francisca Galiléia Pereira da
Published: January 2019

Considerando que a dialética não se restringe a um método de argumentação, o presente artigo objetiva demonstrar que a arte da capoeira é dialética. Observa-se que o movimento de contraposição entre os elementos envolvidos é posto como imprescindível tanto na capoeira quanto na dialética, visando garantir que aquilo que está em potência se converta em ato. Assim, este trabalho inicia com a noção do que é a dialética e quais são seus princípios fundamentais, parte para a compreensão do que é a capoeira, considerando seu nascimento e desenvolvimento para, então, mostrar, no jogo e em sua harmonia, os aspectos dialéticos da capoeira.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE SUJEITO E MÚSICA NA PERSPECTIVA DA COMPLEXIDADE
Authors: Martins Filho José Reinaldo Felipe
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho discute a relação entre sujeito e música a partir da perspectiva da teoria da complexidade, inaugurada por Edgar Morin em meados da segunda metade do século XX. Para tal, pretende percorrer o ambiente no qual foi instaurada a concepção moderna de subjetividade, a fim de apontar os seus limites em face do que compreendemos serem os desafios da época contemporânea. Como objetivo maior, estará a eleição da música como via alternativa de integração das diferentes esferas que constituem o ser humano.
A Worthy Citizen of the Era. On the 85th Anniversary of the Birth of B. A. Nikityuk
Authors: Klochkova S. V. , Alexeeva N. T. , Sokolov D. A. , Atyakshin D. A. , Kvaratskheliya A. G.
Published: January 2019

The article outlines the life course and scientific legacy of Boris Aleksandrovich Nikityuk, doctor of medical sciences, professor, corresponding-member of the RAMS. The contribution of the scientist to the development of integrated anthropology is shown. The memories of his colleagues and progenies are published.
Structural-functional Reorganization of the Nucleolar Apparatus of Neurons of the Neocortex, Archicortex and Basal Ganglia of the Brain of White Rats After a 20-minute Occlusion of the Common Carotid Arteries
Authors: Stepanov S. S. , Akulinin V. A. , Avdeev D. B. , Stepanov A. S. , Gorbunova A. V.
Published: January 2019

The purposeof the study was devoted to the investigation of nucleoli and related structures of the nucleus of neurons in the brain of white rats in normal and after 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries.

Material and methods.Structural types, tinctorial properties, number, shape, size and distribution of neuronal nuclei of the neocortex, hippocampus and amygdala in the control (falsely operated animals, n=5) and after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days (n=25) after acute ischemia were studied by light (stained with hematoxilin and eosin, according to Nisl), electron (uranyl acetate and lead citrate), fluorescence (DAPI) and morphometry.

Results. The study showed that neurons with one nucleolus (about 90%) prevailed in the control in all studied parts of the brain. In the postischemic period is marked by considerable heterogeneity of morphological and functional activity of nucleoli – depletion alone, activation and amplification of others. Neocortex, CA1and CA3zones of hippocampus with a large share of neurons (up to 40%) with an increased number of nucleoli were revealed after 1–7 days after ischemia. The highest content of such neurons was observed in the neocortex and CA3field of the hippocampus after 1 and 3 days. 14 days after ischemia, the number of nucleoli in neurons was restored to the level of control and remained so after 30 days.

Conclusion. Thus, after acute ischemia caused by 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries, qualitative and quantitative changes in nucleoli were revealed. Within 7 days after reperfusion, there was an "adaptive-reparative shift" in the chromosomal balance and the activity of the existing nucleolar organizers of the preserved neurons increased. These changes we refer to the mechanisms of natural protection of the nervous tissue of the brain in the reperfusion period.
IL-Iβ +3954 C / T Polymorphism and Its Clinical Associations in Egyptian Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Afifi Rasha Abdel-Raouf , Sedky Yasser Mohamad , Abd-ELKareem Hesham , Anis Botros Shahira Kamal
Published: January 2019

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia with different clinical manifestations. Patients with SCD exhibit a chronic inflammatory state and reduced length and quality of life. Interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) is important in acute and chronic diseases; and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been considered as predictors of prognosis in several inflammatory conditions. This study aimed at exploring IL-1β (+3954C/T) SNP as a potential genetic modifier and/or predictor of SCD clinical and laboratory phenotypes.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 50 SCD patients and 50 age, sex and ethnicity-matched healthy individuals. IL-1β (+3954C/T) SNP was identified by PCR-RFLP. Associations between IL-1β (+3954 C/T) SNP and the clinical and laboratory profiles of patients with SCD were studied.
Results: It was found that the homozygous mutant genotype TT was significantly higher in cases compared to controls [13(26%) vs. 3(6%) respectively; p=0.006, OR (95%CI): 5.505(1.460-20.756)]. The homozygous mutant genotype TT was associated with a higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure when compared to the CC and CT genotype (42.62 vs. 33.49 mmHg, p<0.001).
Conclusion: There is an increased prevalence of the mutant genotype of IL-1β +3954 SNP in Egyptian SCD patients. Regarding disease complications, the mutant genotype was more prevalent in cases complicated by pulmonary hypertension. These findings point to the possible role of IL-1β +3954 SNP in the pathophysiology of SCD and its manifestations.
A Importância do Regime Aduaneiro de Drawback para Internacionalização de Empresas Brasileiras
Authors: Nery Silva Pirett Christiane , Nery Silva Pirett Cely Cristiane , Oranges Cezarino Luciana
Published: January 2019

Objetivou-se buscar evidências a respeito dos aspectos positivos e negativos que têm conduzido empresas brasileiras a instituir, ou não, o regime aduaneiro de Drawback. Trata-se de Revisão Integrativa da literatura, com análise sistemática de conteúdo, realizada entre março-abril/2017. Foram incluídos estudos primários, publicados entre 2005-2017, on-line e na íntegra, e dados do portal da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior do Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Indústria e Comércio. Os resultados mostraram que apesar de o Drawback, efetivamente, reduzir a carga tributária dos insumos de exportação, não houve crescimento das taxas de uso do regime em relação às exportações totais brasileiras nos últimos anos. Mesmo entre as usuárias do Drawback, grande parte das empresas exportou com alto índice de nacionalização, sem os benefícios do regime. Principalmente devido ao excesso de burocracia do sistema aduaneiro e à carência de pessoal capacitado para a sua operacionalização, os benefícios do Drawback, apesar de relevantes – como redução de custos, expansão de mercados externos e melhoria da eficiência produtiva – não estimularam uma parcela significativa de empresas brasileiras à sua adesão. São necessários, portanto, investimentos políticos de incentivo ao comércio internacional, como capacitação gerencial para a sua operação, com o intuido de estimular empresas brasileiras a adotarem o regime de Drawback.
Upaya Kepala Madrasah Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Profesional Guru
Authors: Akhyar Nurul
Published: January 2019

Teacher competency enhancement must be carried out by the head of the madrasah continuously so that teacher competency always increases and the teacher becomes a great and qualified teacher. The objectives of this study include; 1) Describe the headmaster's efforts in improving the competence of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Maarif 02 Singosari teachers. 2) Description of the supporting and inhibiting factors that affect the head of the madrasah in enhancing the competence of teachers of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Maarif 02 Singosari. To achieve the above objectives, the researcher used a qualitative approach with a type of descriptive research. The location of this study was conducted at MI Al-Maarif 02 Singosari Malang. The informants in this study were the head of the madrasa and the class teacher. The technique of collecting data uses interviews and documentation. To analyze the author's data using qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings of this study are: 1) the head of the madrasa conducts an effort that is formally done namely by Rutinan Meetings, includes training, teacher training and seminars, inter-teacher / KKG group studies, supervision and class visits and Conducting Assessments, while non-formal activities are by familiarizing discipline and always providing motivation with the aim of increasing the teacher's insight, providing opportunities for teachers to improve the spirit of discipline and teacher skills,2) Supporting factors affecting the madrasah head in increasing teacher competency are the fulfillment of madrasah infrastructure that is fulfilled, enthusiastic and enthusiastic about the teachers participating in the training, and the support of the foundation while the inhibiting factors faced by the madrasa principals are; the head of the madrasa itself and the teacher who is not in the madrasa.
Urgensi Dan Signifikansi Pendidikan Islam Berwawasan Multikultural
Authors: Yamani Mohamad Tulus
Published: January 2019

Multicultural Approach in Islamic Education is necessity. It is a paradigm and method to digs various potential of ethnic and cultural of nation, and embodies in an appropriate conflict management. Multicultural Approach in Islamic Education is wisdom to responding and anticipating the negative impact of globalization that coercing the homogenization and hegemony of patterns and lifestyle. Through Multicultural Approach, Islamic education is expected able to transform inclusifism value so student have open minded about nation that appreciate the diversity
of Indonesia.
keywords: Islamic Education, Multicultural.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rukmanasari Sulistya Umie
Published: January 2019

Competition as the main feature of modern civilization has evolved as solid mastery of information and communication technologies are innovative and varied. The competitiveness is one very important advantage for an organization, competitiveness is not only a strength but more than that is the consistency in order to withstand the increasingly fierce competition. So to be the winner in providing educational services required analysis of competitiveness and the implementation of appropriate strategies and superior to win the competition. There are several techniques that can be used in analyzing the competitiveness in the world of education, namely to make: (1) the SWOT matrix; (2) matrix SPACE; and (3) the BCG matrix

 
Keywords: strategic management, competitiveness, education
POSISI DAN PERAN GURU DALAM POLA KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Suprapto Anas
Published: January 2019

The Changes to a curriculum will undoubtedly continue to occur. The big mission of these changes alone is in order to create a better situation for the out put of education. Such changes substantially in order to strike a balance between the spiritual and social attitudes, curiosity, creativity, cooperation with intellectual and psychomotor abilities. Curriculum 2013 appears to create output that is expected of it. To reach it, one fundamental factor is the maximization of the candidates' professional aptitude of teachers as an important instrument for the success of education. The application of research-based learning can be used to develop self-potential students in this controversial curriculum.

 

Keywords: teacher, student, curriculum 2013, research
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM (SKI) BERBASIS MULTIKULTURAL DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Masruri M. Hadi
Published: January 2019

Multiculturalism is rooted in the terma of pluralism, in the sense that Islam looks at the diversity of the tribe, nation, language, culture and religion as reality, even as the media to know each other, respect, and appreciate so that created a life that is peaceful, tolerant, and peace in accordance with the terminology of Islam as a religion of peace. Islamic concept of multiculturalism is explicitly stated in the verses of the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet, which outline include: attitude to appreciate yourself, menghargaioranglain attitude, the attitude of valuing natural environments and culturally, attitudes appreciate the beauty, attitude, and appreciate the beauty of the attitude of valuing integrity.
El deporte en el No-Do durante el primer franquismo, 1943-1951 = The sport in the No-Do during the first Francoism, 1943-1951
Authors: Simón Juan Antonio
Published: January 2019

Resumen: Esta investigación aborda el estudio de la representación que hizo el noticiario del No-Do (Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos) de la actividad física y el deporte entre 1943 y 1951. A nivel metodológico, este artículo ha analizado todos los noticiarios que incluyen noticias de información deportiva, dividiéndolos en tres grandes categorías: en primer lugar, los relacionados con los denominados deportes del Movimiento (específicamente el Frente de Juventudes, Sindicato Español Universitario y la Obra Sindical de Educación y Descanso). Un asegunda categoría hace referencia a las informaciones sobre deporte y mujer para, por último, afrontar el estudio de los noticiarios que incluyen reportajes sobre el fútbol. Los resultados muestran la importancia que tuvo este tipo de información en el No-Do, el protagonismo de las noticias que se adquirían de otros noticiarios internacionales y cómo el franquismo utilizó este medio para difundir determinados valores ideológicos.   Palabras clave: Noticiarios No-Do, Franquismo, deporte, mujer, fútbol.Abstract: This research addresses the study of the representation that made the cinema newsreels produced by No-Do (from its title in Spanish, Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos, (‘Cinematographic Newsreels and Documentaries’) with the physical activity and sport information between 1943 and 1951. At the methodological level, this paper has analyzed all the newsreels that include sports information, dividing them into three major categories: firstly, those related to the socalled sports of the Movimiento (specifically youth organizations as Frente de Juventudes, Sindicato Español Universitario y la Obra Sindical de Educación y Descanso). A second category refers to the information on sports and women, and finally, the study of newsreels that include reports about football. The results show the importance of this type of information in the No-Do, the prominence of the news that was acquired from other international news programs and how the Francoism used this medium to spread certain ideological values.Keywords: No-Do newsreels, Francoism, sport, women, football.
Un’epurazione sui generis: I risvolti nazionali e internazionali dell’espulsione del Generale Vaccaro dal CIO = Una depuración sui géneris: Las consecuencias nacionales e internacionales de la expulsión del General Vaccaro del COI = A sui generis purification: The national and international consequences of the expulsion of General Vaccaro from the IOC
Authors: Sbetti Nicola
Published: January 2019

Resumen: Este artículo analiza el proceso de depuración que vivió el mundo del deporte en Italia después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En concreto, la investigación se centra en el estudio del caso de Giorgo Vaccaro, quien durante el periodo fascista ostentó diversos cargos dentro del mundo del deporte, como los de presidente de la Federación Italiana de Fútbol (FIGC), secretario general del Comité Olímpico Italiano (CONI) y miembro del Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI). Durante la posguerra, Vaccaro fue el único de los tres miembros del COI italianos que fue expulsado de esta organización supuestamente por su pasado fascista y pese a que la mayoría de los directivos del deporte durante el fascismo fueron reintegrados en sus cargos. En realidad, detrás de su expulsión existía una clara lucha de poder en el seno del CONI que abarcó desde 1948 y el 1950, que pone de manifiesto la importancia que tiene del estudio histórico de las relaciones internacionales entre organismos deportivos. Esta investigación ha utilizado para su elaboración   documentación de los propios archivos del CONI y del COI. Palabras clave: Relaciones internacionales, Comité Olímpico Internacional, Deporte, Italia.Abstract: This article analyzes the purification process that the world of sports in Italy experienced after the Second World War. In particular, the research focuses on the case study of Giorgo Vaccaro, who during the fascist period held various positions in the world of sports, such as the president of the Italian Football Federation (FIGC), general secretary of the Italian Olympic Committee (CONI) and member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). During the postwar period, Vaccaro was the only one of the three Italian IOC members who was expelled from this organization supposedly because of his fascist past and despite the fact that most of the sports directors during fascism were reinstated in their posts. In reality, behind his expulsion there was a clear power struggle within the CONI that spanned from 1948 to 1950, which highlights the importance of the historical study of international relations between sports organizations. This research has used for its elaboration records of the CONI and IOS´ archives.Keywords: International Relations, International Olympic Committee, Sport, Italy.
Le football: un sport totalitaire? Histoire parallele des footballs allemand et italien dans l’entre-deux-guerres = El fútbol: ¿Un deporte totalitario? Historia paralela del fútbol alemán e italiano en el período de entreguerras = Football: A totality sport? Parallel history of German and Italian footballs in between two wars
Authors: Dietschy Paul
Published: January 2019

Resumen: Los regímenes totalitarios han tratado de utilizar el deporte con fines políticos e ideológicos y de colocarlo en una posición alta en sus políticas deportivas. Primero quisieron acabar con la sociedad civil del fútbol eliminando las federaciones existentes o nombrando hombres leales a su cabeza. El fútbol se puso al servicio de la construcción del nuevo hombre, que no estuvo exento de problemas debido a la cultura profesional e internacional del juego. Finalmente, los regímenes totalitarios buscaron subvertir el internacionalismo en el fútbol, imponiendo sus valores y rituales o negándose a participar.Palabras clave: Fascismo, fútbol, relaciones internacionales, estalinismo, totalitarismo.Abstract: Totalitarian regimes have tried to use sport for political and ideological purposes and place it in a high position in their sports policies. First they wanted to put an end to the civil society of football by eliminating the existing federations or by appointing men loyal to their heads. Football was put at the service of the construction of the new man, who was not exempt from problems due to the professional and international culture of the game. Finally, totalitarian regimes sought to subvert internationalism in football, imposing their values and rituals or refusing to participate.Keywords: Fascism, football, international relations, Stalinism, totalitarianism.
Francisco Sevillano. La cultura de guerra del “nuevo Estado” franquista. Enemigos, héroes y caídos de España, Madrid, Biblioteca Nueva, 2017, 197 páginas
Authors: Marín Sánchez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2019

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Pedro Payá López, Violencia y responsabilidad. La represión judicial franquista en el ámbito local, Valencia, Publicacions de la Universitat de Valencia, 2017, 465 páginas
Authors: Segovia Ganivet Antonio
Published: January 2019

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Cytoxicity test of NaOCl and Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostin L.) peel extract used as an irrigation solution in human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (HPdLFc)
Authors: Yuanita Tamara , Ristyawati Dina , Samadi Karlina
Published: January 2019

Background: Root canal irrigation is an important stage in root canal treatment as it is requires to eliminate necrotic and debris tissue as well as root canal wetting. Unfortunately, root canal irrigation can cause the material utilised to pass into the apical foramen leading to periapical complications. Consequently, the irrigation solution should have low toxicity. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a commonly used irrigation solution since it has antibacterial properties. Moreover, NaOCl is also known to have the ability to dissolve necrotic tissue, vital pulp tissue and organic components of dentin and biofilms. Nevertheless, it can still cause damage when coming into contact with periapical tissues. On the other hand, Mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.), also has antibacterial activities. Hence, Mangosteen peel extract is assumed to be employable as an alternative irrigation solution. Purpose: This research aimed to reveal the toxicity levels of NaOCl and Mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostin L.) used as irrigation solution in human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (HPdLFc). Methods: HPdLFc were obtained from periapical tissues taken from one third of the first premolar teeth cultured. These cells were subsequently divided into several groups exposed to NaOCl and Mangosteen peel extract at certain concentrations. A toxicity test was then conducted using MTT assay. The results were analyzed with an Elisa reader. Cell deaths and LC50 were then calculated. Results: NaOCl became toxic at a concentration of 0.254 µl/ml or 0.025%, while Mangosteen peel extract became so at one of 2.099 ug/ml or 0.209%. Conclusion: NaOCl can be toxic at a concentration of 0.254 µl/ml or 0.025% and Mangosteen peel extract at one of 2.099 μg/ml or 0.209%.
ESTIMATIVA DO ÍNDICE DE VULNERABILIDADE À EROSÃO COSTEIRA (IVC) PARA O LITORAL DO PIAUÍ, BRASIL
Authors: Araújo Inessa , Gomes Érico , Gonçalves Rodrigo , Queiroz Heithor
Published: January 2019

A zona costeira do Brasil tem passado por mudanças geomorfológicas em função dos processos hidrodinâmicos, que aliados às mudanças climáticas e antrópicas podem causar problemas de erosão. O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi classificar a vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira do litoral do estado do Piauí, Brasil, considerando três intensidades: alta, média ou baixa. A metodologia consistiu no cálculo IVC (índice de vulnerabilidade costeira) através de uma fórmula analítica obtida pela média aritmética de três grupos de variáveis (indicadores de vulnerabilidade), sendo elas: mapeamento de variáveis in loco, variação da linha de costa e cálculo do NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). O litoral do Piauí, que possui uma extensão total de 66 km foi dividido em quatro setores. Entre os resultados, o indicador mais observado in loco foram as obras de proteção costeira não estruturais e a destruição de estruturas artificiais. No que se refere ao NDVI, o setor I obteve uma classificação baixa, indicando uma menor presença de vegetação ao longo de 10 anos. Para a variável linha de costa, o setor II apresentou a maior taxa de progradação, com 65,3%, principalmente na praia das Eólicas; o setor III mostrou as maiores taxas de recuo, com erosão de 48%, acentuada na praia de Macapá; no setor IV foi identificado a maior estabilidade da linha de costa com 37%. Considerando os resultados do IVC, destaca-se que a vulnerabilidade à erosão no litoral piauiense foi considerada baixa, em 30,6% da extensão costeira, principalmente no setor I; média em 33,45% e alta em 31,44%, localizadas principalmente no setor III. Através dos resultados apresentados, esse estudo pode ser utilizado para aprimorar os planos de gerenciamento costeiro integrado.
O PAPEL DA DINÂMICA DO RELEVO NA EVOLUÇÃO DE COURAÇAS NO VALE DO RIO CONCEIÇÃO, QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO – MG
Authors: Figueiredo Filho Wilton Franklin Alves de , De Oliveira Fabio Soares , Barros Luiz Fernando de Paula , Machado Henrique Amorim , Magalhães Junior Antônio Pereira
Published: January 2019

Estudos petrológicos utilizando análises macromorfológicas, micromorfológicas, mineralógicas e microquímicas foram realizados para identificar possíveis variações faciológicas de couraças nos distintos níveis deposicionais fluviais do vale da bacia do Rio Conceição, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, e compreender sua relação com o relevo. Sua posição na paisagem sugere que estas sejam as couraças mais jovens do Quadrilátero Ferrífero e que sua formação testemunhe a dinâmica de formação e transformação dos mantos de alteração nesse importante domínio geológico-geomorfológico do Brasil. Pesquisas anteriores revelaram a existência de níveis cimentados intercalados com sedimentos finos e os denominaram de couraças conglomeráticas. Os resultados aqui encontrados reiteram essa denominação e esclarecem que a variação composicional do cimento permite o reconhecimento de três distintas fácies: F1 – couraças aluminosas; F2 – couraças ferro-aluminosas e F3 – couraças ferruginosas. Todos os tipos ocorrem no nível deposicional fluvial mais alto, com destaque para F1 e F2, ao passo que nos demais níveis apenas o tipo F3 foi identificado. As organizações microestruturais sugerem relações genéticas entre as fácies. Antigos níveis de couraça ferro-aluminosa teriam sofrido desferruginização, remobilizando o ferro e concentrando alumínio, formando as couraças do tipo F1.  Como essas se localizam no nível mais alto, a variedade de fácies pode ser utilizada como um importante indicador de evolução do relevo, caracterizando uma cronossequência.
EROSÃO DE DUNAS SOB AÇÃO DE UM EVENTO EXTREMO DE ALTA ENERGIA DE ONDAS NA COSTA CENTRAL E SUL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL
Authors: De Oliveira Ulisses Rocha , Simões Rodrigo Silva , Calliari Lauro Júlio , Gautério Bruna Cavalcanti
Published: January 2019

Na costa oceânica do Rio Grande do Sul, muitos dos segmentos costeiros que estão em processo de erosão vem sendo urbanizados. O estudo do impacto de eventos de alta energia de onda em segmentos que apresentam dunas defrontantes a áreas urbanas é importante visando consolidar o estado da arte em relação a erosão costeira, e ao mesmo tempo para alertar sobre os problemas que podem ser ocasionados decorrentes da ocupação muito próxima do oceano. Este trabalho visou caracterizar a retração das dunas frontais como resultado da ação de um evento extremo de energia de onda ocorrido em outubro de 2016 na costa central e sul do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, especificamente nos balneários Mostardense, Praia do Farol, balneário Praia do Mar Grosso, balneário Cassino, balneário Hermenegildo e Praia das Maravilhas. Para isto, foram analisadas fotografias aéreas verticais e oblíquas de alta resolução obtidas com auxílio de uma aeronave remotamente pilotada (drone), coletadas antes e após o evento, bem como dados meteo-oceanográficos. O evento ocorrido pode ser considerado como evento extremo de alta energia de onda. A altura significativa de onda (Hs) superou os 5 m próximo à costa e, em águas mais profundas, a altura significativa superou 6 m, com altura máxima (Hm) acima de 10 m, valores não descritos nos últimos 40 anos nesta costa oceânica. O período das ondas (Ts) foi de 15 s. O referido evento gerou uma retração média das dunas frontais entre 4 e 21,8 m em média nos segmentos analisados e em certos locais houve mais de 40 m de retração da linha de costa. No entanto, houve variações nas taxas encontradas nos seis segmentos analisados. As maiores taxas ocorreram nas duas áreas mais ao norte (13,8 m em média em Mostardense e 21,8 m na Praia do Farol). As características naturais do local, com costa voltada para sul, barreira com tendência retrogradante e dunas preservadas, favoreceram a ação da alta energia de onda na costa. Nas áreas com barreira progradante e influência estuarina (Mar Grosso e Cassino), também houve retração das dunas frontais, tendo taxas de retração menores que Mostardense e Praia do Farol (9,6 m em Mar grosso e 4m na praia do Cassino). Especula-se que nos balneários mais ao sul, as taxas (9,9 m no Hermenegildo e 8,8 m em Maravilhas) não tenham sido maiores pela presença de estruturas de contenção à erosão no Hermenegildo e turfas em Maravilhas, o que provavelmente contribuiu na redução da taxa de recuo das dunas frontais nestas áreas. A descrição deste processo erosivo intenso é importante para o planejamento da ocupação costeira no sentido de identificar que a variação da linha de costa, neste caso a retração do limite entre a praia e a duna frontal, não é um processo linear, mas sim em muitos casos uma resposta a eventos de alta energia de onda, sobretudo os chamados eventos extremos.
Protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of improving tuberculosis patients’ treatment adherence via electronic monitors and an app versus usual care in Tibet
Authors: Wei Xiaolin , Hicks Joseph P , Pande Pasang , Zhang Zhitong , Haldane Victoria , Liu Xiaoqiu , Yin Tingting , Wang Lixia , Shi Dachun , Ge Shiliang , Walley John , Upshur Ross , Hu Jun
Published: January 2019

Background: Treatment non-adherence is a serious challenge to effective tuberculosis (TB) control in Tibet. In this study, we will pilot and evaluate the effectiveness of using new technologies, including electronic monitors (e-monitors) and a smartphone app, to improve treatment adherence among new pulmonary TB patients in Tibet, China.
Methods: This is a prospective, pragmatic, multicentre, individual-randomized trial with blinded evaluation of outcomes and data analysis, and unblinded treatment. New pulmonary TB patients of Shigatse, Tibet will be randomized to either the intervention or control arm in a 1:1 ration at the time of their diagnoses. All patients will be treated according to the WHO standard TB treatment regimens and China National TB program guidelines. In the control arm, patients will receive their medicines in e-monitors that are deactivated for its reminder function but are able to collect medication adherence history. In the intervention arm, patients will take medications in e-monitors that will record their medication adherence and share with health staff via a smartphone app. Patients will be opted to receive video observed treatment when adherence is problematic. The primary outcome is the rate of poor adherence measured per month during their treatment. It will be calculated from monthly-level data for each patient indicating the number of doses missed per month, with poor monthly adherence defined as the patient having missed ≥20% of doses per month. We will conduct a qualitative process evaluation to explore operational questions regarding acceptability, cultural appropriateness and burden of technology use, a cost-effectiveness analysis and long-term effects on TB control.
Discussion: Our study is one of the first trials to evaluate the use of e-monitors and smartphone app to improve communications between TB patients and health staff in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). All intervention activities are designed to be embedded into routine practice of TB care with strong local ownership. Through the trial, we intend to understand the effectiveness of our intervention, as well as its feasibility, cost-effectiveness and long-term impact to inform future scale-up in remote areas of China and LMICs.
Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN52132803, registered on 9 November 2018.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, treatment adherence, mhealth, randomised controlled trial, Tibet
The effect of a heel-unloading orthosis in short-term treatment of calcaneus fractures on physical function, quality of life and return to work – study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schmal Hagen , Larsen Anders Holsgaard , Froberg Lonnie , Erichsen Julie Ladeby , Madsen Carsten Fladmose , Pedersen Lasse
Published: January 2019

Background: Neither for operative nor non-operative therapy standardized guidelines for rehabilitation of calcaneus fractures are existing. While there is consensus for non or partial weight bearing, the use of supporting devices such as specific foot ankle orthosis is still a matter of debate. Recently, a heel-unloading orthosis (‘Settner shoe’) was introduced for aftercare of these fractures, allowing walking by shifting the load to the middle- and forefoot. This orthosis enables early mobilization of patients suffering from both one-and two-sided fractures. The ‘Settner shoe’ can be applied in non-operative therapy and following operations. Specifically in calcaneus fractures, early regain of physical activity has been highlighted as one of the key factors for quality of life and the ability to return to work. Thus, we hypothesize that mobilization with the ‘Settner shoe’ results in higher physical activity within the first 3 months, which is the primary outcome criterion.
Methods: This is going to be analyzed by a randomized controlled study comparing treatment with and without this specific orthosis. The secondary outcome measures are the time point of return to work in calcaneus fracture patients aged between 18 and 60 years. Furthermore, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society's (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, a 3-dimensional gait analysis, and the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire for quality of life are assessed.
Discussion: It is the first trail applying a standardized rehabilitation protocol in patients suffering from calcaneus fractures aiming to improve the non-operative part of treatment by the use of an orthosis.
Trial Registration: NCT03572816
Keywords: Calcaneus fracture, aftercare, study protocol, ankle foot orthosis, rehabilitation
Acronym: CALCFRO (Calcaneus Fracture Orthosis)
Use of DNA analysis of histopathological specimens in species identification for purposes of forensic veterinary medicine
Authors: MALEWSKI TADEUSZ , SOŁTYSZEWSKI IRENEUSZ , KARAŹNIEWICZ JUSTYNA , SZAREK JÓZEF , BABIŃSKA IZABELLA , WĄSOWICZ KRZYSZTOF , DZIKOWSKI ANDRZEJ
Published: January 2019

In some legal proceedings, the species identification of animal on the basis of fragments of biological material is extremely difficult. This applies both to closely-related and to distant species characterized by similar morphological features. In such circumstances, methods of molecular biology are used, whose evidential value is definitely not in doubt. Histopathological scraps may also have to be used for identifying tests. The aim of the present study was to verify the possibility of using DNA analysis in determining the species of animals on the basis of biological material contained in archival histopathological samples. The examined material consisted of twenty-eight histopathological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The samples had been prepared from the liver, kidney, spleen, and skeletal muscles. Their age varied from one to seventeen years. Specimens (from twelve species) were identified by inputting sequences in the Barcode of Life Database species identification tool on the basis of the similarity percentage figure from the BOLD report. It was found that genetic tests can effectively identify animal species through the analysis of biological material from histopathological samples.
Analysis on circumferential natural frequencies of stator in permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Zhong Shuangshuang , Yu Shenbo
Published: January 2019

Accurate calculation on circumferential natural frequencies of stator structure in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is very important for predicting the vibration and noise of PMSM. The analytical modal formula for the stator structure in PMSM is proposed, starting from the mathematical displacement model of cylindrical shell, then deriving the analytical formula for the stator structure. Firstly, finite element method (FEM) is applied to analyze the circumferential natural frequencies of cylindrical shells with different length, wall thickness, mean diameter, diameter-thickness ratio, size and installation position of terminal box. The influences on circumferential natural frequencies of cylindrical shells are studied. Furthermore, a new analytical formula considering diameter-thickness ratio for calculating circumferential natural frequencies of cylindrical shells is developed. Compared with the results of FEM, the correctness of the analytical formula is verified. Then, novel analytical formulas considering stiffness errors are proposed to calculate the circumferential natural frequencies of stator core and motor case. Compared with the results of FEM, the effectiveness of analytical method is validated. Finally, a new analytical formula considering diameter-thickness ratio, stiffness errors, existence of terminal box and mutual constraints is presented to calculate the circumferential natural frequencies of stator structure. Compared with the results of FEM and experimental method, the relative errors are respective within |4.43 %| and |3.38 %|. The validity of analytical formula is confirmed.
Tension estimation of hangers with shock absorber in suspension bridge using finite element method
Authors: Gan Quan , Huang Yonghui , Wang Ronghui , Rao Rui
Published: January 2019

Accurate and efficient estimation of tension in hangers is very important since hangers are the vital component of suspension bridges. But for hangers with shock absorber, the existing tension estimation methods are not suitable because they are based on a single cable model and cannot consider the effect of shock absorbers. To this end, the effect of the shock absorber is taken into account by using the degree-of-freedom condensation method, and a finite element method for tension estimation of hangers with shock absorber is proposed in this paper. Finally, the proposed method is applied in the Aizhai Bridge and Huangpu Pearl River Bridge to estimate the tension of hangers with shock absorber, the tested results show that as compared with other methods, the proposed method is a more accurate and convenient method for engineering application.
Cloud Technologies in Knowledge Management
Authors: Дресвянников Владимир , Dryesvyannikov Vladimir , Бунимович Игорь , Bunimovich Igor
Published: January 2019

The research features Internet cloud technologies to study the opportunities it provide for knowledge management of a particular organization and to offer an approach for their safe development. The research employed formal-logical and semantic analysis, comparative analysis, and descriptive method. The authors propose a list of opportunities provided by cloud technologies for managing the explicit knowledge of an organization and the formation of intellectual capital. They introduced a "spiral" approach based on the choice of "points of growth" with a gradual extension of the implementation area. The results obtained can be applied by organizations that have created corporate knowledge management systems to improve the efficiency by introducing modern information technologies. Modern information technologies, including cloud technologies, are constantly evolving and providing organizations with new opportunities to manage corporate knowledge, but they require approaches that would ensure their optimal implementation and an adequate methodological base.
Competency Profile of Enterprise Mentor as a Basis for Corporate "Buddy Systems"
Authors: Карташова Александра , Kartashova Aleksandra , Камалиев Булат , Kamaliev Bulat
Published: January 2019

The research features professional and pedagogical competencies of a mentor in the field of talent management with the aim of securing young specialists at enterprises. The authors analyze the most relevant typologies of mentors' competences according to modern challenges and requirements. They introduce an authentic typology of competency profile of the mentor at an enterprise. It includes four blocks: 1) the organization and planning of training in the workplace in order to improve the level of qualifications of the instructors; 2) the guidance and assessment of the work of the trainee; 3) rationing and assessment of the instructed; 4) raising one's own psychological and pedagogical competence as a mentor. The paper contains a methodology for self-diagnosis of the development of the psycho-pedagogical competences of the mentor at the enterprise. The results of the study are recommended for review and implementation in industrial plants. The present research was carried out within the framework of a comprehensive scientific and methodological development for the Temporary Research Team "Golden Standard for Child Development 2.0" of the Kazan Open University of Talents 2.0 on the topic "Formation of professional and pedagogical competences of mentors of enterprises in the field of talent management with the aim of securing young professionals at the enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan".
The Market of Soft Drinks: State and Development Prospects
Authors: Клещевский Юрий , Kleshchevsky Yury , Карташова Лариса , Kartashova Larisa , Николаева Мария , Nikolaeva Maria , Рязанова Ольга , Ryazanova Olga
Published: January 2019

The paper features the condition of domestic and foreign markets of nonalcoholic beverages. The authors investigate the physiological value of soft drinks not only as products that satisfy the water requirements but also as a source of biologically active agents. The research defines segments and subsegments of the soft drinks market. The article introduces the data on the industrial and trade product range (2010–2016). The authors give various reasons of decrease in the demand for particular types of production (tonics), enumerate the main market leaders, describe the regional structure of production in various Federal districts, and analyze statistical data on volumes of domestic production and import of soft drinks. They also define the problems and the perspectives of the market of soft drinks.
Management of Online Microloans
Authors: Мягких Никита , Myagkikh Nikita
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the problem of effective management of online microlenders on Russian credit market. Ineffective management may lead to bad consequences. The research objective was to develop recommendations for improving online-microcredit’s management. The authors determined the specifics of online microloans, defined the phases of online microloan process, and described the advantages and disadvantages for the microlending market and separate microlenders. The paper gives actual information about online microlenders, describes the development trend, and gives some recommendations that can be useful for microlenders that provide online-microloans.