bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax on substitution to alcoholic beverages
Authors: Powell Lisa M. , Leider Julien
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Taxes are increasingly used as a policy tool aimed at reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), given their association with adverse health outcomes including type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, a potential unintended consequence of such a policy could be that the tax induces substitution to alcoholic beverages. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the $0.0175 per ounce Seattle, Washington, Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT) on volume sold of alcoholic beverages.

Methods

A difference-in-differences estimation approach was used drawing on universal product code-level food store scanner data on beer (N = 1059) and wine (N = 2655) products one-year pre-tax (February-November, 2017) and one and two-years post-tax (February-November, 2018 and 2019) with Portland, Oregon, as the comparison site.

Results

At two-years post-tax implementation, volume sold of beer in Seattle relative to Portland increased by 7% (ratio of incidence rate ratios [RIRR] = 1.07, 95% CI:1.00,1.15), whereas volume sold of wine decreased by 3% (RIRR = 0.97, 95% CI:0.95,1.00). Overall alcohol (both beer and wine) volume sold increased in Seattle compared to Portland by 4% (RIRR = 1.04, 95% CI:1.01,1.07) at one-year post-tax and by 5% (RIRR = 1.05, 95% CI:1.00,1.10) at two-years post-tax. The implied SSB cross-price elasticities of demand for beer and wine, respectively, were calculated to be 0.35 and -0.15.

Conclusions

There was evidence of substitution to beer following the implementation of the Seattle SSB tax. Continued monitoring of potential unintended outcomes related to the implementation of SSB taxes is needed in future tax evaluations.
Ponderings with breathing/breathing with ponderings
Authors: Unmüßig Jana
Published: January 2022

The article is a document of artistic research insofar as it invents forms of thinking-in-writing-with-breathing. In addition to that, the article gives insights on breathing’s potential for expanded choreographic practice by drawing on Allan Kaprow’s ‘performance of living’. Choreography turns then into a means to stage everyday actions, such as breathing, in indeterminate frames. Equally important is the somatic bodywork of Ilse Middendorf and its interconnections with other forms of bodywork that emerged at the turn of the last century. Bringing in somatic bodywork reflects the bodily practice-based nature of the ponderings. It is a fertile ground for speculating on the relevance of attention and stillness for choreography through physical rest enlivened by breathing.
I am just dancing: Am I just dancing – A conversation between Amaara Raheem and Simon Ellis
Authors: Raheem Amaara , Ellis Simon
Published: January 2022

In this conversation, dance-artist Amaara Raheem talks about her choreographic thinking and practice with CHOR co-editor Simon Ellis. They discuss Raheem’s interest in dancing, ritual and research ‘in-residence’, and wonder about the kinds of bodies that dance. They consider how artists intentionally create the conditions for their work and practices to happen. The conversation is in part designed to introduce Raheem as a new co-editor to CHOR’s readership.
Not pressure: A conversation between Dani Abulhawa and Joanne ‘Bob’ Whalley
Authors: Abulhawa Dani , Whalley Joanne ‘Bob’
Published: January 2022

This is the record of a conversation held on the morning after Dani Abulhawa premiered her new piece Concord. At her kitchen table she sat down with Joanne ‘Bob’ Whalley, who has worked as dramaturg on the piece, and together they reflect upon the generation of the work, and also the experience of encountering the work with an audience. Questions of collaboration and voices emerge over morning coffee.
Podcasting marginalized history: Historica Canada’s world war podcast narratives and their audio archival considerations
Authors: Donison Jeff , MacLennan Anne F.
Published: January 2022

This article is an examination of podcasts portraying marginalized and racialized Canadian lived experiences during the world wars. This research is a textual and auditory analysis of the historical narratives of Canadian minority experiences in the world wars evident in Historica Canada’s podcast episodes: ‘The No. 2 Construction Battalion and the Fight to Fight’ (16 June 2016), ‘A Proud Benchwarmer’ (29 March 2016) and ‘The Tomkins Brothers’ (16 December 2019). The impact of both sound and text is explored regarding the impact on podcasting’s potential to present alternative war history narratives. In addition to the expansion of the historical record examined in these podcast analyses, the potential for the survival of these histories is examined through an evaluation of the podcast repositories as archives and potential public access points.
The voices we trust: Public trust in news and information about COVID-19 on Swedish Radio
Authors: Stiernstedt Fredrik
Published: January 2022

This article explores the question of trust in news and information about the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus of the article is on trust in radio news and the data are collected in Sweden during spring 2020. Two questions are asked: (1) to what extent do people in Sweden express trust in the radio as a medium, and radio news and information as a form of content? (2) How do people themselves explain and discuss their trust in the radio as a medium and in radio news and information? The article draws on both survey data and qualitative interviews in answering these questions. The results show that radio, together with television, is the most trusted medium in the population but that there are differences in the extent of trust within the population that are related to age, economic status and political affiliation. The qualitative interviews showed that the specificities of how radio is organized and the form and mode of expression of radio news can help explain the high trust in the radio medium during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Primary Norfloxacin Prophylaxis for APASL-Defined Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Authors: Kulkarni Anand V. , Tirumalle Sowmya , Premkumar Madhumita , Kumar Karan , Fatima Syeda , Rapole Bindu , Simhadri Venu , Gora Baqar Ali , Sasikala Mitnala , Gujjarlapudi Deepika , Yelamanchili Sadhana , Sharma Mithun , Gupta Rajesh , Rao Padaki Nagaraja , Reddy D. Nageshwar
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

This study aimed to evaluate the role of prophylactic norfloxacin in preventing bacterial infections and its effect on transplant-free survival (TFS) in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) identified by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver criteria.

METHODS:

Patients with ACLF included in the study were randomly assigned to receive oral norfloxacin 400 mg or matched placebo once daily for 30 days. The incidence of bacterial infections at days 30 and 90 was the primary outcome, whereas TFS at days 30 and 90 was the secondary outcome.

RESULTS:

A total of 143 patients were included (72 in the norfloxacin and 71 in the placebo groups). Baseline demographics, biochemical variables, and severity scores were similar between the 2 groups. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, the incidence of bacterial infections at day 30 was 18.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10–28.9) and 33.8% (95% CI, 23–46) (P = 0.03); and the incidence of bacterial infections at day 90 was 46% (95% CI, 34–58) and 62% (95% CI, 49.67–73.23) in the norfloxacin and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.02). On Kaplan-Meier analysis, TFS at day 30 was 77.8% (95% CI, 66.43–86.73) and 64.8% (95% CI, 52.54–75.75) in the norfloxacin and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.084). Similarly, TFS at day 90 was 58.3% (95% CI, 46.11–69.84) and 43.7% (95% CI, 31.91–55.95), respectively (P = 0.058). Thirty percent of infections were caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. More patients developed concomitant candiduria in the norfloxacin group (25%) than in the placebo group (2.63%).

DISCUSSION:

Primary norfloxacin prophylaxis effectively prevents bacterial infections in patients with ACLF.
Decarbonising the EU Power Sector: a Technological and Socio-economic Analysis and the Role of Nuclear
Authors: Papadopoulou Maria , Passalacqua Roberto , Rossetti di Valdalbero Domenico , Righi Steele Elena
Published: January 2022

Low-carbon electricity is a key enabler in combating climate change. Decarbonising the power sector is now at the centre of global and European policies. As the IPCC highlights, pathways where the power sector rapidly decarbonises by 2030 have higher chances of keeping global warming below 1.5°C. The electricity sector should be fully decarbonised by 2050 to meet either the 1.5°C or 2°C targets. This means that EU policy efforts should focus on supporting a maximum reduction of emissions per unit of electricity by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. Reaching these targets is one of the most pressing questions EU policymakers face today. In light of the COVID-19 crisis, EU policies should guide a cost-effective, reliable and environmentally sound transition of the power sector, benefiting EU research and innovation and its citizens. This meta-analysis provides a novel view on historical data and compares data from modelling scenarios identified in the literature. It assesses the current and future role of nuclear energy in decarbonizing the EU power sector, while reviewing socio-economic implications that could arise if limited public support nearly excludes nuclear fission electricity from the future EU power mix. This work highlights relevant socio-economic policy implications and actionable policy recommendations.
Imagined Genocides, Multidirectional Memory, and Intergenerational Solidarity
Authors: Oziewicz Marek
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, Ransom Riggs’ time-slip fantasy series is read as a performance of second-generation memory in which the protagonist’s slipping back in time operates as a fantastic projection of intergenerational solidarity with his grandfather’s experience during World War II. Michael Rothberg’s concept of multidirectional memory is invoked to explore the refractive relationship Riggs’s narrative posits between an imagined genocide of an imagined minority that lies at the heart of the series and a historical genocide such as the Holocaust that provides its conceptual reference point. The argument is that within the framework of multidirectional memory, representations of genocide in fantasy offer valid tools to contemplate genocide as a historic and situated process. Experiencing genocide through fantasy is transformative because accessing others’ pain is always an imaginative experience and because empathy is a facet of imagination too.
The Mingling of Teenage and Adult Breaths
Authors: Lierop-Debrauwer Helma van , Steels Sabine
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses how the idea of intergenerational partnership is put into practice in a Dutch series of collaborative life writing for young adults. The books in this series are a product of a cooperative effort between young adult and well-known children’s authors, with the former telling their life stories to the latter, who subsequently wrote the stories down. Interviews with four authors and four young adults about what John Paul Eakin calls “the story of the story” band an analysis of the authenticity of representation in one case study show that the young adult’s agency in this creative project is equally important as the adult’s agency, thus supporting Marah Gubar’s view of childhood and adulthood as related instead of separated.
Bacaan Alquran Orang dengan Hambatan Bicara
Authors: HS Muhammad Alwi
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the reading of the Quran by those having speech impediments. This topic has yet to be studied in the study of persons with disabilities and in the study of the Koran. Reading the Quran is an important part a Muslim’s life, including people with speech impediments. Using the analytical-descriptive method, the study answers the question what is the position of people with speech impediments in the context of reading the Qur'an properly and correctly? This article argues that the readings of people with speech impediments should be accepted, not as a rukhsah, as they have their own way of reading based on the oral side of the Qur'an. This article redefines the reading of the Quran and criticizes the standardization of good and correct reading of the Quran which has neglected the condition of people with speech impediments. As an oral text, the reading of the Koran is based on the voice of the reader, not on the clarity of the sound of the letters.
Artikel ini membahas bacaan Alquran bagi orang dengan hambatan bicara, dengan menggunakan perspektif kelisanan Alquran. Topik ini masih luput dikaji dalam kajian penyandang disabilitas maupun kajian Alquran. Padahal, membaca Alquran menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan seorang muslim, termasuk orang dengan hambatan bicara. Menggunakan metode deskripsi-analitis, kajian menjawab pertanyaan bagaimana kedudukan orang dengan hambatan bicara dalam konteks membaca Alquran dengan baik dan benar? Melalui deskripsi dan analisis terhadap bacaan Alquran, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa bacaan orang dengan hambatan bicara yang sebelumnya dipandang sebagai bacaan yang mendapat rukhsah atau functional reception, mempunyai cara baca tersendiri dengan berlandaskan pada sisi kelisanan Alquran. Artikel ini melakukan redefinisi terhadap bacaan Alquran dan mengkritik standarisasi bacaan Alquran yang baik dan benar yang telah mengabaikan kondisi orang-orang dengan hambatan bicara. Sebagai teks lisan, bacaan Alquran berdasarkan suara pembacanya, bukan pada kejelasan bunyi huruf-hurufnya.
ON MODELING THE CHANGE IN WETTABILITY OF A METAL SURFACE DURING LASER TEXTURING OF THE RELIEF
Authors:   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ryzhenkov A.V. , Dasaev M.R. , Grigorev S.V. , Trushin E.S.
Published: January 2022

Over the recent years the researchers’ interest in the control of the wettability of metal surfaces with various liquids has increased due to a wide range of applications. In particular, the use of hydrophobic functional surfaces in thermal power plants and systems contributes to an increase in their efficiency and reliability. Despite the huge number of existing methods of hydrophobization of metal surfaces, the world scientific community has proposed and is intensively developing a method based on texturing micro-/nano-scale relief using laser equipment (laser ablation). The paper presents a study carried out to determine the effect of modification of brass surfaces using laser equipment on the geometric parameters of the textured relief and the properties of wettability, based on the results of which a mathematical model for predicting wettability was proposed.
RESULTS OF STUDIES OF A TWO-CIRCUIT SOLAR INSTALLATION WITH THERMOSIPHON CIRCULATION IN WINTER
Authors:   Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, LTD, Almaty,  Republic of Kazakhstan,, Omarov R.A. , Kunelbayev M.M. ,   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies CS MES RK, Almaty,  Republic of Kazakhstan,,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Omarov D.R.
Published: January 2022

Thr paper presents the results of studies of a two-circuit solar installation with thermosiphon circulation in the winter period. The heat pump is integrated with a conventional solar heating system, in which the temperature of the collected heat is reduced from 20 to 30 °C to increase the efficiency of solar energy collection. The low-temperature heat collected by the solar collector is upgraded using a heat pump to generate high-temperature heat for heating rooms in winter and low-pressure process steam for industrial use in other seasons. The results show that the efficiency of the solar collector has increased by 30.50%, its annual effective opera¬ting time has reached 2000 hours, which exceeds by nearly four times that of a conventional solar heating system. To compare the effectiveness of the two options, the tests were carried out under the same climatic conditions on the same day day, from 12 to 15 hours, when the air temperature and the intensity of solar radiation are most stable.
LED LIGHTING SYSTEM IN MIXED DC AND AC NETWORKS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tikhonov P.V. , Sychov A.O. , Morenko K.S.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the operation of the LED lighting system with parallel power supply from photovol¬taic modules and the power grid. The paper describes the scheme of the developed LED lighting system, on the basis of which a working sample with a single 36 W lamp was assembled. Experimental studies of the LED lighting system using the developed monitoring system have been carried out. The paper presents the part of the experimental data. The working sample in practice demonstrated the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed scheme. The article presents a working alternative for the efficient connection of photovoltaic modules to the load using inexpensive converters.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC MODES CONTROL SYSTEMS OF ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES THROUGH THE USE OF AN ADAPTIVE IMPEDANCE REGULATOR
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, Nikolaev A.A. , Tulupov P.G. , Malakhov O.S. , Ryzhevol S.S.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses an improved automatic electrodes movement control system for electric arc furnaces (arc steel-making furnaces and ladle-furnace installations), which improves the dynamic parameters of the quality of secondary electrical circuit impedance (s) control due to the use of a new structure of a nonlinear adaptive impedance controller. The use of an improved control system stabilizes the metal charge melting process in arc steel-making furnaces as well as the liquid steel heating process in ladle-furnace installations with intensive bottom blowing. This allows for the technical effect of reduced operating time under current and reduced specific power consumption in electric arc furnaces. The non-linear adaptive impedance controller provides full linearization of control loops, including a proportional directional control valve (servo valve) with a non-linear control characteristic and a secondary electrical circuit with a non-linear dependence of impedance on the arc length. The research used a complex mathematical model of the electric circuit of an electric arc furnace, hydraulic drives for moving electrodes and an automatic control system for moving electrodes, implemented in the MATLAB Simulink mathematical package. The effectiveness of the improved control system in the conditions of the existing metallurgical production was evaluated against the example of the “RADUGA NPA PK” control system, developed at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “MSTU im. Nosov” and a ladle-furnace operating at the installation in the electric steel-smelting shop of PJSC “Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plant”. The developed improved control system can be used in other modern electric arc furnaces of various capacities operating at metallurgical enterprises in Russia and abroad.
IMPROVING POWER AND RELIABILITY OF MULTILEVEL FREQUENCY CONVERTERS FOR DRILLING RIGS
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Korzhov A.V. , Khokhlov Yu. I. , Grigorev M.A. , Khryukin D.Yu. , Kushnarev V.A.
Published: January 2022

Modern electric drives used in the oil and gas sector are made based on two-level power circuits for volta¬ges up to 1 kV and have a modular cabinet design. The paper presents improvements based on the op-timization of the number of modular frequency converters aimed at insuring smooth operation of critical oil and gas applications. Using the method of numerical analysis, the criteria for optimizing the number of phases of the power circuits of the converter in terms of cost, electrical losses and reliability were derived, based on the data on the cost of two-level frequency converters. An economic justification for reducing capital and operating costs when using multilevel frequency converters is given. It is revealed that the proposed optimization methods allow reducing electrical losses due to the reduction of overvoltages on the electromechanical con-verter, as well those in the DC link. The reliability increase is determined by the operability of the electro-mechanical converter in the event of a failure of one of its phase winding, taking into account the decrease in the installed power. The results of the introduction of multilevel frequency converters “MOMENTUM” of the MT-1000/MT-2000 series of the Scientific and Technical Center “Privodnaya Tekhnika” LLC are presented.
Desain Komposter Sampah Pasar sebagai Solusi Persampahan di Negara Berkembang (Studi Kasus: Jakarta, Indonesia)
Authors: Akhmad Argiffari , Ulhasanah Nova - , Sari Mega Mutiara
Published: January 2022

Tingginya timbulan sampah makanan di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, membuat komposting menjadi salah satu alternatif pengolahan sampah yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Disamping prosedurnya yang mudah, biaya pengolahan pun relatif lebih murah dibanding jenis pengolahan lainnya. Namun permasalahan produksi air lindi terutama pada sampah pasar yang memiliki kadar air yang sangat tinggi sering membuat masyarakat menghentikan aktifitas kompostingnya. Bau yang tidak sedap dan terganggunya estetika akibat penggunaan komposter yang tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik sampah juga dialami oleh tempat pengolahan sampah 3R (TPS 3R) di Kelurahan Grogol Selatan, Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang komposter yang dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan air lindi tersebut. Metode penelitian pada studi ini adalah eksperimental, dilakukan pengujian alat rancangan yang berbeda dengan yang telah ada sebelumnya untuk dilakukan komparasi. Komposter dirancang menggunakan drum HDPE 150L dengan pembuatan sekat antara ruangan material sampah dengan ruangan penampungan air lindi (beserta selang indikator air lindi). Ventilasi pasif dari pipa PVC juga dirancang dibagian tengah komposter yang berperan sebagai sirkulasi udara dan pengaduk sehingga pasokan oksigen dapat terjaga dengan baik. Hasil rancangan komposter telah diuji dan menghasilkan kompos berkualitas baik menurut SNI 19-7030-2004. Durasi komposting juga berhasil dipersingkat menjadi 30 hari untuk menghasilkan kompos matang (komposter biasa 40-60 hari).ABSTRACTHigh generation of food waste in developing countries such as Indonesia makes composting an alternative to waste processing that is often done by the communities. Besides the easy procedure, the processing cost is relatively cheaper than other types of processing. However, the problem of leachate production, especially in market waste which has a very high-water content, often makes people stop their composting activities. An unpleasant odor and aesthetic disturbance due to the use of a composter that is not in accordance with the characteristics of the waste are also experienced by 3R waste processing site (TPS 3R) in South Grogol Sub-district, Jakarta. This study aims to design a composter that can solve the leachate problem. The research method in this study is experimental, testing different design tools with previous ones for comparison. The composter is designed using a 150L HDPE drum with the manufacture of a bulkhead between the waste material room and the leachate storage room (along with the leachate indicator hose). Passive ventilation from PVC pipes is also designed in the middle of the composter which acts as air circulation and stirrer so that oxygen supply can be maintained properly. The results of the composter design have been tested and produce good quality compost according to SNI 19-7030-2004. Composting duration was also successfully shortened to 30 days to produce mature compost (ordinary composter 40-60 days).
Facile Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles for the Photodegradation of Rhodamine-B
Authors: Sudiarti Tety , Handayani Neng Hani , Rohmatulloh Yusuf , Amelia Silmi Rahma , Yusuf Ravli Maulana , Ivansyah Atthar Luqman
Published: January 2022

River pollution is a problem that is still very poorly handled. Industrial growth is the most significant contributor to produce this wastewater. The industry produces liquid waste such as dyes that do not meet handling standards because of the high cost. Photocatalyst is way better than other methods such as adsorption, coagulation, fluctuation, and others. However, there are still many shortcomings of the existing methods, such as high cost, high temperature, and dangerous by-products. This research seeks to provide a solution by synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as a photocatalyst to reduce rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation. ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through a simple sol-gel method in the form of a white powder by heating at a low temperature, 60°C. The XRD results show that the results have a diffraction peak that follows the standard ZnO with a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. According to the Scherrer equation, the crystal has a size of 22.61 nm. SEM analysis showed that the particle morphology and particle size were homogeneous with a spherical shape, ranging from 22-24 nm. Optimal ZnO photocatalytic activity at 90 minutes with an efficiency of 98.83%.
TiO2-PDMS Super Hydrophilic Coating with Self-Cleaning and Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Ariyanti Dessy , Afiatin Afiatin , Shintawati Pury Diana , Purbasari Aprilina
Published: January 2022

In this paper, self-synthesized TiO2 nanoparticle was used as a coating material with the addition of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the surface of the glass and ceramic substrate via spray coating. The self-cleaning properties of the coating with photocatalytic activity mechanism were observed under irradiation of black lamp as well as surface wettability. The antimicrobial properties and the morphology under a scanning electron microscope were also investigated. The results showed that the coating exhibited self-cleaning properties, as demonstrated by the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue up to 80% and wettability as a super hydrophilic layer with a water contact angle less than 10° for both glass and ceramic substrate. The coating also shows an antimicrobial property by extending the radius of microbial growth up to 67% compared to the uncoated sample. 3% TiO2 addition with 50% w/w PDMS is the optimum coating ratio for maximum photocatalytic activity, super hydrophilic, and antimicrobial properties.
Catalytic Cracking of Crude Biodiesel into Biohydrocarbon Using Natural Zeolite Impregnated Nickel Oxide Catalyst
Authors: Aziz Isalmi , Ardine Edra Aditya Fhilipia , Saridewi Nanda , Adhani Lisa
Published: January 2022

Crude biodiesel is biodiesel that still contains impurities. A catalytic can improve the quality of biohydrocarbons (biogasoline, biokerosene, and green diesel). The catalyst used is nickel oxide impregnated natural zeolite (NiO/Zeolite). The use of nickel can increase the activity of the catalyst because it has an empty d orbital and a smaller molecular size. This study aims to determine the best catalyst that can exhibit the greatest selectivity toward biohydrocarbons. Natural zeolite was activated and impregnated by varying the concentration of NiO (1, 3, and 5% w/w). The characteristics of the catalyst were determined by the crystallinity (X-Ray Diffraction), surface area (Surface Area Analyzer), and functional group (Fourier Transform Infrared). The catalyst and crude biodiesel were put in an autoclave reactor and operated at a temperature of 375°C and 3 hours. The obtained product was tested with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The results of the XRD analysis showed the presence of NiO at 2θ 37.23; 43.15; and 62.65°. Nickel oxide on the catalyst was detected at a wavenumber of 671.23 cm‑1. The highest surface area was obtained at a NiO/Zeolite 1% of 49.4 m2/g. 1% NiO/Zeolite catalysts gave the best results on catalytic cracking of crude biodiesel with a reaction conversion of 60.79% and selectivity of 9,73%; 29,64% and 9,18% for biogasoline, biokerosene, and green diesel, respectively.
LncRNA SNHG1 promotes the development of oral cavity cancer via regulating the miR-421/HMGB2 axis
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhao Chaoyue , Yang Song , Dong Chen
Published: January 2022

Oral cancer (OC) is a common malignant tumor in oral surgery, which is prone to metastasis and the prognosis is not optimistic. Long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of endogenous transcripts with more than 200bp in length, lack of specific and complete open reading frame, and does not have the function of protein-coding. Studies have found that it can regulate gene expression at many levels, such as epigenetic level, transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level, thus affecting the occurrence and development of diseases. Recent studies have shown that the occurrence, development, of oral cancer, are associated with lncRNA. In this research, we found that lncRNA SNHG1 was up-regulated in oral cancer. Knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 would inhibit the proliferation of oral cancer cells. Then we revealed a new mechanism that lncRNA SNHG1 regulated the growth of oral cancer via controlling the miR-421/HMGB2 axis, which provided new therapy for patients with oral cancer.
Resistance to bacterial infection, complication occurring after cardiac surgery
Authors: Hamasaeed Payman Akram
Published: January 2022

To analyze the occurrence of resistant bacterial infection in patients undergoing cardiac surgery hospitalized in the surgical specialty hospital, in Erbil city, Iraq. A prospective study was done on a total of 138 patients operated and hospitalized in an intensive care unit and surgical wards. Bacterial isolates identification was done according to cultural characteristics, microscopic examination, some biochemical tests, analytic Profile Index 20E& API Staph, confirmed with VITEK® 2 compact system (BioMérieux). Antimicrobial susceptibility for disc diffusion tested to 17 antimicrobial agents. Resistance isolates were confirmed phenotypically for carbapenemase by Rapidec Carba NP Test (bioMe´rieux SA, Marcy-l'E´toile, France) for ESBLs producers by ESBL screening test VITEK 2 system. Molecularly blaIMP blaTEM, blaKPC, AmpC and blaCTX-M were detected by PCR. In 134 patients, 28.3% of patients got infected post-operatively. The most frequent source of isolation was from ICU patients (75%). Isolated bacteria included gram-positive 29 (54.7%) and gram-negative bacteria 24 (45.3%). Most frequently:  Staphylococcus aureus (24.4%), each of pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia (15.1%), Streptococcus spp. (11.3%), Escherichia coli (9.4%). Whereas included Coagulase Negative Staphylococci species (CoNS) (13.2%) and Enterococci species (5.7) Statistical analysis showed significantly higher sensitive isolates as compared with resistance isolates. Resistance to Carbapenems calss was 18.9% and Cephalosporins class 41.5% of isolates. The antimicrobial resistance pattern indicated that MDR bacterial isolates (81.1%) were widespread. Of the 34 phenotypically ESBL positive isolates, the ESBL genes (AmpC, blaCTX-M, and blaTEM) were amplified in 7(20.6), 6(17.6) and 6(17.6) isolates respectively. Out of 8 K. pneumonia (37.5%) harboring both blaAmpC and bla-CTX-M genes, while 6(75%) carries blaTEM. The blaCTX-M gene was found in only 1 (12.5%) out of 8 isolates of P. aeruginosa. While blaAmpC genotyping revealed that 1(7.7%) out of 13 Staph. aureus isolates were harboring it. Finally, 3(60%) out of 5 E. coli isolates harboring both AmpC and bla-CTX-M genes. Cardiac surgery patients wound show increasingly emerging strains of ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa and E. coli especially patients prolonged in the intensive care unit.
Automatic Measurement of Postural Abnormalities With a Pose Estimation Algorithm in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Shin Jung Hwan , Woo Kyung Ah , Lee Chan Young , Jeon Seung Ho , Kim Han-Joon , Jeon Beomseok
Published: January 2022

Objective This study aims to develop an automated and objective tool to evaluate postural abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.Methods We applied a deep learning-based pose-estimation algorithm to lateral photos of prospectively enrolled PD patients (n = 28). We automatically measured the anterior flexion angle (AFA) and dropped head angle (DHA), which were validated with conventional manual labeling methods.Results The automatically measured DHA and AFA were in excellent agreement with manual labeling methods (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.95) with mean bias equal to or less than 3 degrees.Conclusion The deep learning-based pose-estimation algorithm objectively measured postural abnormalities in PD patients.
Daseinsbezogene Informationskompetenz in ländlichen Räumen (DILRA)
Authors: Messner Laurine , Griesbaum Joachim , Stooß Anika
Published: January 2022

Der Zugang zu Informationen ist heutzutage von besonderer Relevanz. Ländliche Räume sind durch die speziellen Infrastrukturgegebenheiten dabei mit besonderen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Für die ideale Informationsversorgung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger sind individuelle Kompetenzen ebenso essenziell wie die Informationsversorgung seitens der Kommunen. Das Forschungsprojekt „Daseinsbezogene Informationskompetenz in ländlichen Räumen (DILRA)“ adressiert dieses Themenfeld. Es analysiert u. a. das daseinsbezogene Informationsverhalten im Landkreis Hildesheim sowie die kommunalen Informationsangebote. Hier werden das Projekt und erste Teilergebnisse vorgestellt. Dabei wird deutlich, Kernprobleme der Informationskompetenz und -versorgung im ländlichen Raum stellen die Bewertung von Informationen und Quellen sowie die begrenzten Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten kommunaler Digitalisierungsansätze dar.
Two mixed finite element formulations for the weak imposition of the Neumann boundary conditions for the Darcy flow
Authors: Burman Erik , Puppi Riccardo
Published: January 2022

We propose two different discrete formulations for the weak imposition of the Neumann boundary conditions of the Darcy flow. The Raviart–Thomas mixed finite element on both triangular and quadrilateral meshes is considered for both methods. One is a consistent discretization depending on a weighting parameter scaling as 𝒪(h
−1), while the other is a penalty-type formulation obtained as the discretization of a perturbation of the original problem and relies on a parameter scaling as 𝒪(h
−k−1), k being the order of the Raviart–Thomas space. We rigorously prove that both methods are stable and result in optimal convergent numerical schemes with respect to appropriate mesh-dependent norms, although the chosen norms do not scale as the usual L
2-norm. However, we are still able to recover the optimal a priori L
2-error estimates for the velocity field, respectively, for high-order and the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas discretizations, for the first and second numerical schemes. Finally, some numerical examples validating the theory are exhibited.
Ecolinguistics reunited: Rewilding the territory
Authors: Cowley Stephen J.
Published: January 2022

Ways of meaning link ecosystemic destruction with social and linguistic interdependencies. By freeing the entangled roots of these phenomena, we can find a way to rewilding ecolinguistic territory. Turning from focus on analysis of languages, texts, or practices, one unleashes the epistemic power of languaging. As we come to know and understand, languaging permeates perception and action. The perspective solves what I call “Haugen’s problem”, or how languages can interact with environments. Playing down the mind, semogenesis uses practices to graft the cultural on to the biotic. Saying things, like all natural innovation, connects history with cascading situated contingencies. With culture, artifacts, and voices, practical action enables discovery of techniques. These use natural evoneering as personal know-how draws on an evolving social semiotic (or cultural second order). Meanings link emplacement to practices that serve people who engage in organized action. The results shape realities which, along with languages, transform the bioecologies that make up the changing ecosphere. Pursuing the epistemic power of languaging brings new awareness that can ground practical theories. Once we focus on consequences of languaging and languages, ecolinguistics gains maturity. To become a discipline, however, theorists need to use historically effective work to build a clear vision of how, as ecolinguists, we can contribute to the future of evolution.
The impact of the Great Northern War on Poznań and the lives of its inhabitants
Authors: Kościelniak Karol
Published: January 2022

The 18th century began unfavourably for the Commonwealth and for Poznań with the great Northern War (1700-1721), which, with its consequences in the form of war damage, plagues, contributed to the depopulation of Poznań and its suburbs and urban villages. The article was prepared to show the situation of the city before the war and, above all, during the war. Military operations, war destruction, population losses, costs of the war and the actions of the occupiers show the significant changes that took place in the capital of Greater Poland as a result of the Great Northern War. It concludes that Poznań became a participant in the war with all its consequences.
The Digital Virus Against Democracy
Authors: Dacheux Eric , Agbessi Eric
Published: January 2022

The notion of digital virus covers, in our view, two points: computer viruses that infect our computers and technological solutionism, the unreasonable passion that consists in considering that the solution to all social problems lies in the digital world. Yet the digital world is as vulnerable as the biological world. Moreover, it is dangerous because it pushes us into a digital bondage that undermines democracy. The solution to the crisis is not less democracy, but more democracy. More precisely, we will argue that digital devices do not strengthen democratic communication, they promote a digital connection that hinders deliberation and threatens the very idea of democracy
Recent advances of heterocycle based anticancer hybrids
Authors: Wahan Simranpreet K. , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: January 2022

Cancer is one of the major causes of death across the world. Cancer is a broad word that encompasses a wide range of illnesses that can affect any part of the body. Cancer research has increased understanding of molecular biology and cellular biology, resulting in new cancer therapies. Despite of adverse effects, surgery, radiation, and anticancer medicines are the modern cancer treatments. Keeping in mind the excellent anticancer activity exhibited by various heterocyclics, various medicines with heterocyclic moiety have been developed to identify particular target regions. The chapter aims to discuss new discoveries in the field of anticancer pharmaceuticals comprising the thiazole, pyrazole, oxazole, and triazole rings over the last five years. The proposed anticancer drugs have a lot of future significance due to their high potency.
Genossenschaften und Non Profit Initiativen im Bereich Solidarische Landwirtschaft und Bürgerenergie
Authors: Klemisch Herbert
Published: January 2022

Kapitalistisch wirtschaftende Unternehmen gelten als Hauptverursacher für die Externalisierungskosten des Kapitalismus, obwohl sie vielfältige Möglichkeiten haben, diese zu minimieren. Reale Utopien und Ansätze alternativer Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und Praktiken nachhaltigeren Wirtschaftens finden sich eher in Nischen einer Solidarischen Ökonomie. Diese werden hier unter einem sozialwissenschaftlichen Fokus am Beispiel der Bürgerenergie und der Solidarischen Landwirtschaft in den Blick genommen und an jeweils einem genossenschaftlichen Beispiel erläutert.
Flow and heat over a rotating disk subject to a uniform horizontal magnetic field
Authors: Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Magnetic field is often applied to stabilize the flow field in real life applications of fluid mechanics problems. In the present work, it is employed a horizontal uniform magnetic field to regularize the flow field triggered due to a rotating disk. The energy equation is also studied subjected to such a horizontal magnetic field. The applied horizontal magnetic field is different from the well-known applied external vertical magnetic field. It is shown that the horizontal magnetic field leads to a similarity system of equations with the help of the traditional von Kármán similarity transformations. The effects of such a magnetic field on the development of velocity and temperature fields are then numerically investigated. The existence of exact series solutions in terms of decaying exponential functions is further discussed. The critical roles of horizontal magnetic field on the physical quantities involving the local wall shears, torque and the heat transfer rate are finally highlighted.
Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Saudi Women: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Attitudes
Authors: Al Taifi Hatoon A. , Alqahtani Abdullah H , Al Qahtani Nourah H.
Published: January 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy has become a focus of attention in recent years, owing to its relatively high prevalence, its impact on maternal and fetal health, and its cumulative effects over time. This study aims to determine the magnitude and characteristics of IPV among pregnant Saudi Arabian women, to identify the factors that increase the risk, and to assess the willingness of abused women to report IPV. This is a cross-sectional, community-based survey of pregnant women in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A modified Abuse Assessment Score (AAS) questionnaire was used. Sociodemographic data were collected. Data related to willingness to report IPV, including reasons for declining to report IPV, were also collected. A total of 1,330 women completed the three parts of the survey. In total, 345 (25.9%) women reported emotional abuse during pregnancy, whereas 72 (5.4%)reported physical abuse and 180 (13.5%) reported sexual abuse. In emotional abuse, a significant association was found between having more children (p = .001), having a lower education (p = .05), having a lower income (p = .04), and being abused. In physical abuse during pregnancy, no significant associations were found between all variables and being abused. However, in reporting sexual abuse among women during pregnancy, a significant increase in the risk was found in those with four or more children (p = .01) and those who are employed (p = .01). More than two-thirds (71.2%) of abused pregnant women were unwilling to report the abusive acts to a medical authority. IPV is common among pregnant Saudi women. Emotional abuse is the commonest form of IPV, affecting one in four women. More than two-thirds of abused women were unwilling to report their partner’s abusive acts. Screening for IPV may encourage women to seek help and improve both maternal and fetal health.
Życie społeczne i kulturalne na łamach czasopisma zakładowego „Walczymy o Stal” w latach 1953–1956
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Śliwa Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

The following article will show social and cultural life on the pages of the weekly Walczymy o Stal [We Fight for Steel]. Author has analysed the content of the periodical published between 1953–1956 and presented examples of the regional press of the Kielce region published at that time. The analysis shows that the main center of cultural life was the Company’s Culture House, which was the central hub of all cultural events. Besides, the Company’s House of Culture, its activities also led institutions such as the Ostrowiec Workers’ House, Factory Club, the Housing Culture Center, libraries and cinemas.
Textos-moldura como literatura: o meta-paratexto de um quebra-cabeça literário
Authors: Gontijo Rosa Carlos
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, propomo-nos a reflexão do “quebra-cabeça literário” intitulado S., escrito por J. J. Abrams e Doug Dorst, publicado nos EUA em 2013 e no Brasil em 2015. A obra literária estrutura sua narrativa metaficcionalmente, o que quer dizer que tudo o que explicarmos faz parte da ficção construída pelos autores empíricos. A base para o quebra-cabeças é o romance O navio de Teseu, escrito por V. M. Straka e editado por F. X. Caldeira, que também escreve a “Nota de tradução e prefácio”. Sobre (“acerca de” e “em cima de”) a obra, dois leitores dialogam, comentando a publicação, o autor, o editor e a si próprios. É dessa sobreposição de vozes que extraímos nossa reflexão acerca da obra, no sentido de rastrear visões teórico-críticas presentes nos elementos meta-paratextuais de O navio de Teseu, cujas autorias ficcionais pertencem às personagens Caldeira, no prefácio e nas notas de rodapé, e Jennifer e Eric, nas marginálias. Há uma tensão entre os críticos-leitores da obra de Straka que será explorada para identificar uma narrativa secundária de ordem metaliterária. Ao final, busca-se evidenciar como a materialidade gráfica do livro-objeto interfere e constrói, ela própria, uma narrativa a mais em S.
As As cores do suicídio em O meu amigo pintor de Lygia Bojunga
Authors: Jorge Thayane Gaspar
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho se concentra na temática do suicídio na literatura infantojuvenil, mais especificamente no livro O meu amigo pintor (1987) da escritora brasileira Lygia Bojunga. O livro suscita dois complexos debates: a posição pejorativa e questionável da literatura infantil e juvenil, inferiorizada e desvalorizada no sistema literário e acadêmico; e do suicídio, um interdito envolto por tabus e mitos no universo da psicologia. Bojunga cria uma história que dá protagonismo à criança como ser capaz de entender o mundo, a morte, o luto na sua realidade, sem eufemismo ou mediadores, instrumentalizando a literatura como espaço de diálogo para qualquer tema e faixa etária. E, por outro lado, a autora também faz com que o suicídio seja o tema central entre a crueza e a poeticidade, que não são excludentes nesta obra de Bojunga. A escritora brasileira busca desconstruir, um por um, os mitos que circundam o tema da morte voluntária e o senso comum que silencia o suicídio e que esvazia o seu significado. Bojunga traz ao tema novas cores, nuances, percepções através do mundo infantil, ao optar por uma postura sensível e honesta diante do assunto. O livro trata de tópicos como a condenação moral e religiosa, a romantização do suicídio e patologização do mesmo. Para analisar a maneira com que a autora conduz a sua reflexão, resgatamos os estudos de Albert Camus, Karl Marx, A. Alvarez e Ana Maria Feijoo.
Labirintos e casas, portas e segredos: análise do espaço nas novelas juvenis de Ana Teresa Pereira
Authors: Silva Sara Raquel Duarte Reis da
Published: January 2022

Procurando situar Ana Teresa Pereira, autora reconhecida/premiada no domínio da literatura dita canónica ou para adultos, no contexto da escrita contemporânea preferencialmente dedicada ao leitor juvenil, procede-se à análise de um conjunto de livros, reunidos sob a designação de “O Labirinto”. São cinco obras que integram um “ciclo” desenvolvido em torno da casa. Estas narrativas seguem, no fundamental e certa medida, uma particular formula fiction celebrizada por colecções como as que Enid Blyton assinou na década de 30 do século XX e que continuam a ser actualmente reeditadas e globalmente comercializadas. As novelas juvenis de Ana Teresa Pereira singularizam-se, porém, não apenas pela forte presença do mistério e da indagação, mas também pela densidade simbólica de certos espaços, como a casa, por exemplo, bem como pelas ressonâncias ou alusões intertextuais/culturais que proporcionam o contacto com autores, excertos textuais, títulos de filmes, entre outros.