bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing next of kin regrets in surgical decision-making: cross-sectional analysis of systematically searched literature
Authors: Maillard Julien , Beckmann Tal S. , Tramèr Martin R. , Elia Nadia
Published: January 2023

Background

Decision-making concerning relatives undergoing surgery is challenging. It remains unclear to what extent implicated next of kin eventually regret their decisions and how this regret is assessed. Our aim was to systematically review the literature on decisional regret of next of kin and to describe the assessment tools used and the surgical populations studied.

Methods

We included interventional or observational, quantitative or qualitative studies reporting the measurement of decisional regret of next of kin concerning relatives undergoing surgery. We searched a variety of databases without restriction on publication year. We assessed the quality of reporting of quantitative studies using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies and of qualitative studies using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Checklist.

Results

Thirteen cross-sectional, five prospective cohorts and five qualitative studies matched our inclusion criteria. In 18 studies (78%), patients were children, in five (22%), young or middle-aged adults. No study included elderly or frail patients. Thirteen studies (57%) used the original Decision Regret Scale which was validated for patients, but not for next of kin. Only 3 of the 18 (17%) quantitative studies and only one of the 4 (25%) qualitative studies were rated as “good” in the quality assessment.

Conclusion

None of the retrieved studies used validated tools to assess the decisional regret of next of kin and none of them examined this issue in elderly or frail surgical patients.
Immediately loaded fixed full-arch implant-retained prosthesis: a solution to the extreme defect in zone 2—a case report
Authors: Lu Xiaoya , Wang Xiaoping , Han Xiaohui , Hu Lihua , Ji Mei , Li Shengfeng , Huang Shengyun
Published: January 2023

Background

Implants immediately loaded full-arch prosthesis in maxilla is always a challenge, especially when the zone 2 is extremely defected. To achieve a satisfying result, different therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, such as zygomatic implant, pterygoid implant; however, precise surgical skills limited its application.

Case presentation

This study reported a case that an edentulous patient was treated with a new technique, two axial implants and four tilted implants supporting an immediate fixed denture, extruding the cortical bone of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus to establish the primary stability.

Conclusions

Two-year follow-up proves that it is a viable choice. Meanwhile, a reliable method for its saving time and money and low level of discomfort for patients is presented.
Surgical correction of polymelia in the perineal region of a 2-day-old indigenous bovine calf: a case report from Bangladesh
Authors: Munif Mohammad Raguib , Safawat Mst. Sanjida , Hannan Abdul
Published: January 2023

Background

Polymelia is an occasional and congenital malformation in bovine calves, characterized by the presence of single or multiple accessory limb(s) at various body regions, which are often called the supernumerary limb(s). One of these defects is known as pygomelia, where the additional limb is attached to the pelvis within the perineal region. This study describes such a case along with surgical management.

Case presentation

A 2-day-old indigenous bovine female calf of 22.7 kg BW was presented with an additional and non-functional fifth limb at the perineal region. The ectopic fifth limb was smaller in size than the other four normal limbs and was in a flexible hanging position. Other than this, the animal was apparently normal with a short and contracted tail. Clinical examinations involving the extension and flexion of the abnormal limb revealed no deep bony attachment/articulation with the pelvic girdle or the caudal spine. The curled tail having an S-shaped base indicated the skeletal defects in the caudal spine. Electrosurgery was performed under deep sedation with regional as well as local anesthesia, which exposed that the limb was internally seated into deep gluteal muscle layers with the attachments of fibrous connective tissues and cartilage to its proximal bony head and located partially to the left lateroventral extremity of the perineum without any direct involvement in the bony pelvis. Surgical excision was done to remove the supernumerary limb, and the wound was closed routinely. Postoperatively, the animal was provided with supportive medications for early healing and recovery. After 2 weeks of surgery, the calf completely recovered without any complications. The contracted tail and spine were left unaffected as no initial surgical maneuver was done due to the early age of the calf and would be considered for further long-term treatment options upon the growth and development with age.

Conclusions

Pygomelia of bovine calves is one of the rare congenital defects that can be found along with other developmental anomalies. However, this defect can be successfully corrected by surgical approaches following intensive postoperative care and management.
A theory-informed, rapid cycle approach to identifying and adapting strategies to promote sustainability: optimizing depression treatment in primary care clinics seeking to sustain collaborative care (The Transform DepCare Study)
Authors: Moise Nathalie , Paniagua-Avila Alejandra , Barbecho Jennifer Mizhquiri , Blanco Luis , Dauber-Decker Katherine , Simantiris Samantha , McElhiney Martin , Serafini Maria , Straussman Darlene , Patel Sapana R. , Ye Siqin , Duran Andrea T.
Published: January 2023

Background

Few real-world examples exist of how best to select and adapt implementation strategies that promote sustainability. We used a collaborative care (CC) use case to describe a novel, theory-informed, stakeholder engaged process for operationalizing strategies for sustainability using a behavioral lens.

Methods

Informed by the Dynamic Sustainability Framework, we applied the Behaviour Change Wheel to our prior mixed methods to identify key sustainability behaviors and determinants of sustainability before specifying corresponding intervention functions, behavior change techniques, and implementation strategies that would be acceptable, equitable and promote key tenets of sustainability (i.e., continued improvement, education). Drawing on user-centered design principles, we enlisted 22 national and local stakeholders to operationalize and adapt (e.g., content, functionality, workflow) a multi-level, multi-component implementation strategy to maximally target behavioral and contextual determinants of sustainability.

Results

After reviewing the long-term impact of early implementation strategies (i.e., external technical support, quality monitoring, and reimbursement), we identified ongoing care manager CC delivery, provider treatment optimization, and patient enrollment as key sustainability behaviors. The most acceptable, equitable, and feasible intervention functions that would facilitate ongoing improvement included environmental restructuring, education, training, modeling, persuasion, and enablement. We determined that a waiting room delivered shared decision-making and psychoeducation patient tool (DepCare), the results of which are delivered to providers, as well as ongoing problem-solving meetings/local technical assistance with care managers would be the most acceptable and equitable multi-level strategy in diverse settings seeking to sustain CC programs. Key adaptations in response to dynamic contextual factors included expanding the DepCare tool to incorporate anxiety/suicide screening, triage support, multi-modal delivery, and patient activation (vs. shared decision making) (patient); pairing summary reports with decisional support and yearly onboarding/motivational educational videos (provider); incorporating behavioral health providers into problem-solving meetings and shifting from billing support to quality improvement and triage (system).

Conclusion

We provide a roadmap for designing behavioral theory-informed, implementation strategies that promote sustainability and employing user-centered design principles to adapt strategies to changing mental health landscapes.
Cardiac dysfunction in a cohort of biopsy proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in comparison to nonalcoholic fatty liver
Authors: Varghese Jijo , Devadas Krishnadas , Vinayakumar Neeraj , Nahaz Nibin , Hareendran Atul , Oommen Tharun Tom , George Bony
Published: January 2023

Introduction

NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) is increasing worldwide. Inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis are the three components of NAFLD. Cardiac events are the most common cause of death in NAFLD. It is believed that there is an association between the inflammatory component of NAFLD and cardiac dysfunction. The gold standard for diagnosis of NAFLD is liver biopsy. Based on histology, NAFLD is categorized into two, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). As biopsy is an invasive procedure, studies comparing cardiac dysfunction in NAFL and NASH are few. The aim of our study is to compare cardiac dysfunction in patients with NAFL and NASH.

Materials and method

This is a cross-sectional study in which all patients who were biopsy proven for NAFLD without stage 4 fibrosis were included. Cardiac dysfunction in these patients was assessed by 2 D ECHO.

Results

Out of the 92 patients, 52 were males and 40 were females (53.5 vs 46.5 %). Among these patients, 48 had NAFL, whereas 48 had NASH. Among the variables analyzed for the study SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Ferritin, ANA, TSH, LVEF, LA diameter, E/e, NAS score, lobular inflammation, ballooning, and steatosis statistically correlated with cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Majority of the patients with NASH had cardiac dysfunction (32/44) while only a few patients with NAFL (4/48) had cardiac dysfunction (p value = 0.002). Among the variables that can cause diastolic dysfunction, i.e., coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, only diabetes mellitus had an independent association. By binary logistic regression, it was seen that NASH was an independent risk factor for predicting cardiac dysfunction.

Conclusion

The prevalence of cardiac dysfunction is more in NASH than NAFL in patients with NAFLD. NASH is an independent risk factor for cardiac dysfunction. There is no correlation between fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction.
Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous stem bark extract of Boswellia dalzielii in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmad Alhassan , Abdussalami Muhammed Sani , Appah Joseph , Umar Abdullahi Hussein , Muhammad Amina Umar , Haruna Sani , Ibrahim Aminu Alhassan
Published: January 2023

Background

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Although synthetic hypoglycemic agents are commonly used to manage this disorder, such medications, besides being unable to cure the disease, are expensive and associated with side effects. Conversely, medicinal plants have emerged as effective, safe and affordable alternative treatments. Boswellia dalzielii plant has been reported to possess ethnomedicinal properties for the treatment of various health conditions; however, scientific studies exploring this plant as antihyperglycemic agent are still limited. Thus, this study evaluated the antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous stem bark extract (ASBE) of B. dalzielii in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar albino rats.

Methods

Phytochemical screening of the ASBE of B. dalzielii was conducted. Twenty male Wistar albino rats weighing 100–150 g divided into 4 groups (A–D) of five rats were used for the study. Group A served as the normal control and received neither ASBE of B. dalzielii nor glibenclamide. The treatment for the other three groups was as follows: Group B, 10 mg/kg of glibenclamide (diabetic control); Group C, 500 mg/kg ASBE of B. dalzielii; and Group D, 1000 mg/kg ASBE of B. dalzielii. Treatments were administered orally every 24 h for a period of 2 weeks. Blood glucose level and body weight were evaluated at weeks 0, 1 and 2. Histomorphological features of the rats’ pancreas in all the groups were compared.

Results

The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates, steroids and triterpenes. The two different doses of the plant extract significantly reduced blood glucose level at weeks 1 and 2 (all p < 0.05), with the 1000 mg/kg dose demonstrating a greater reduction compared with glibenclamide at week 2 (p = 0.014). However, only the 500 mg/kg dose led to restoration, albeit slight, of the pancreatic islet cells.

Conclusion

This study suggests that B. dalzielii plant exhibits a potent antihyperglycemic activity evidenced by reduced blood glucose levels and slight restoration of pancreatic islet cells. This plant could be, therefore, considered in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Graphical Abstract
Tuning attraction and repulsion between active particles through persistence
Authors: Metson M. J. , Evans M. R. , Blythe R. A.
Published: January 2023

We consider the interplay between persistent motion, which is a generic property of active particles, and a recoil interaction which causes particles to jump apart on contact. The recoil interaction exemplifies an active contact interaction between particles, which is inelastic and is generated by the active nature of the constituents. It is inspired by the “shock” dynamics of certain microorganisms, such as Pyramimonas octopus, and always generates an effective repulsion between a pair of passive particles. Highly persistent particles can be attractive or repulsive, according to the shape of the recoil distribution. We show that the repulsive case admits an unexpected transition to attraction at intermediate persistence lengths, that originates in the advective effects of persistence. This allows active particles to fundamentally change the collective effect of active interactions amongst them, by varying their persistence length.
Protective role of trehalose in the Namib desert ant, Ocymyrmex robustior
Authors: Perez Rémy , Aron Serge
Published: January 2023

Over recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to how low-molecular-weight molecules affect thermal tolerance in animals. Although the disaccharide sugar trehalose is known to serve as a thermal protectant in unicellular organisms, nothing is known about its potential role in insects. In this study, we investigated the effect of trehalose on heat tolerance in the Namib desert ant, Ocymyrmex robustior, one of the most thermotolerant animals found in terrestrial ecosystems. First, we tested whether a trehalose-supplemented diet increased worker survival following exposure to heat stress. Second, we assessed the degree of protein damage by comparing protein aggregation levels for trehalose-supplemented workers and control workers. Third, we compared the expression levels of three genes involved in trehalose metabolism. We found that trehalose supplementation significantly enhanced worker heat tolerance, increased metabolic levels of trehalose and reduced protein aggregation under conditions of heat stress. Expression levels of the three genes varied in a manner that was consistent with the maintenance of trehalose in the hemolymph and tissues under conditions of heat stress. Altogether, these results suggest that increased trehalose concentration may help protect Namib desert ant individuals against heat stress. More generally, they highlight the role played by sugar metabolites in boosting tolerance in extremophiles.
Frequency of anger and its potential relationship with Selfesteem and Adverse Childhood Experiences among Medical and Sociology undergraduate students in Pakistan
Authors: Ansar Farrukh , Naveed Hira , Khattak Almas , Ali Khan Sylvia
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To determine the frequency of clinical anger, adverse childhood experiences, self-esteem, and their mutual relationship among undergraduate medical and sociology students.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, data from 400 undergraduate medical and sociology students was collected from the Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, and the sociology department of the International Islamic University, Islamabad, from July to September 2021. A self-administered questionnaire incorporating a Clinical Anger Scale (CAS), Adverse childhood experience (ACE) scale and Rosenberg self-esteem (RSE) scale was utilized for data collection. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and logistic regression model were executed to perform data analysis using SPSS.

Results: The mean CAS score was 19.65 ± 13.23 suggesting that 60.2% of the participants experienced mild to severe degrees of clinical anger. Females were experiencing more anger issues than males (64% vs 54%, p = 0.040) RSE scale showed that 72.8% of the participants had low self-esteem with a mean score of 12.70 ± 5.43. Besides, 51.5% of the participants had at least one type of adverse childhood experience while 15.8% of the sample population reported being sexually abused in childhood. Significant correlation was found between CAS and age, ACEs and RSE score (p = <0.01). The logistic regression model also suggested that the prevalence of anger was higher in individuals with ACEs (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.14, p = <0.001) and low self-esteem (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.22, p = <0.001).

Conclusion: The high frequency of clinical anger necessitates the implementation of periodic screening across all universities. Keeping in mind the problem of low self-esteem and the history of ACEs, there is an urgent need for the development of strategies to preserve and improve the mental well-being of the young generation.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.6113

How to cite this: Ansar F, Naveed H, Khattak A, Khan SA. Frequency of anger and its potential relationship with Selfesteem and Adverse Childhood Experiences among Medical and Sociology undergraduate students in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(2):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.6113

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Understanding tailoring to support the implementation of evidence-based interventions in healthcare: The CUSTOMISE research programme protocol
Authors: McHugh Sheena M , Riordan Fiona , Kerins Claire , Curran Geoff , Lewis Cara C , Presseau Justin , Wolfenden Luke , Powell Byron J
Published: January 2023

Although there are effective evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to prevent, treat and coordinate care for chronic conditions they may not be adopted widely and when adopted, implementation challenges can limit their impact.  Implementation strategies are “methods or techniques used to enhance the adoption, implementation, and sustainment of a clinical program or practice”. There is some evidence to suggest that to be more effective,  strategies should be tailored; that is, selected and designed to address specific determinants which may influence implementation in a given context.

Despite the growing popularity of tailoring the concept is ill-defined, and the way in which tailoring is applied can vary across studies or lack detail when reported. There has been less focus on the part of tailoring where stakeholders prioritise determinants and select strategies, and the way in which theory, evidence and stakeholders’ perspectives should be combined to make decisions during the process. Typically, tailoring is evaluated based on the effectiveness of the tailored strategy, we do not have a clear sense of the mechanisms through which tailoring works, or how to measure the “success” of the tailoring process. We lack an understanding of how stakeholders can be involved effectively in tailoring and the influence of different approaches on the outcome of tailoring.

Our research programme, CUSTOMISE (Comparing and Understanding Tailoring Methods for Implementation Strategies in healthcare) will address some of these outstanding questions and generate evidence on  the feasibility, acceptability, and efficiency of different tailoring approaches, and build capacity in implementation science in Ireland, developing and delivering training and supports for, and network of, researchers and implementation practitioners. The evidence generated across the studies conducted as part of CUSTOMISE will bring greater clarity, consistency, coherence, and transparency to tailoring, a key process in implementation science.
Possible transgenerational associations between grandparents’ childhood exposures and religious belief in their granddaughters: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Golding Jean , Gregory Steven , Northstone Kate , Pembrey Marcus , Ellis Genette , Watkins Sarah , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Suderman Matthew
Published: January 2023

Background: Research in non-genetic inheritance indicates that grandparents’ smoking habits and their childhood experiences of trauma can influence the physical and psychological attributes of their grandchildren. This was particularly apparent for outcomes such as autism and obesity where the population prevalence changed over time. Other factors which have changed temporally include religious and spiritual beliefs (RSBs) which have been declining in Western populations.

Methods: We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to explore whether grandparental exposures were associated with the religious and/or spiritual beliefs of their grandchildren as measured with a positive response to the question “Do you believe in God or some divine power?” . In line with other inter/trans-generational human studies we hypothesised that: (H1) grandparents’ childhood exposures to cigarette smoking (whether in utero or by active smoking) and/or exposure to traumatic events during childhood will be associated with their grandchild’s RSB; (H2) associations will differ between maternal and paternal lines of inheritance; (H3) relationships will vary with age at grandparental exposure, and (H4) associations will differ between grandsons and granddaughters.

Results: We found significant associations between the grandchild’s RSB and both the grandparents’ smoking and their childhood trauma histories (H1 supported). These associations were mainly found down the maternal line (H2 possibly supported) and results varied with age of exposure of the grandparents; being strongest for in utero exposure of cigarette smoke and for pre-puberty exposure of traumatic events (H3 supported), and that granddaughters were more affected than grandsons (H4 supported).

Conclusions: We hope that these results will motivate collection of similar data to further evaluate these questions in other populations, including a possible role for biological mechanisms.
castle in Kruszwica. A historical and archaeological overview
Authors: Karczewski Dariusz , Kurzawa Dariusz
Published: January 2023

This article presents written sources that make it possible to reconstruct the historyand appearance of the castle in Kruszwica, built in the mid-14th century on the initiative of KingCasimir the Great. These are primarily the lustrations of the royal estates and Erik JönssonDahlbergh’s engraving included in Samuel Pufendorf’s work De rebus a Carolo GustavoSueciae Rege gestis. However, basic information about the Crusaders’ defensive foundationis provided by archaeological research, which verifies and supplements previous historicalknowledge. Thus, the results of several archaeological explorations are described, which madeit possible to secure the remains of the fortress, reconstruct its layout and form, as well as itslater fate in the 19th–21st centuries.
second left-bank castle in Wrocław in the light of the latest archaeological and architectural research
Authors: Kmiecik Piotr , Szwed Robert
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of archaeological and architectural research on the premises of the former Babiński Hospital at John Paul II Square (plac Jana Pawła II) in Wrocław (Poland), during which the relics of the unfinished second left-bank castle, dating back to the end of the 13th century, were uncovered.Since the 17th century there has been a hypothesis about the existence of a second, nevercompleted left-bank castle, situated on the site of the later building of St. Nicholas’ Arsenal. It was widely discussed in academic papers from the 1940s, as well as by Polish researchers after World War II. This castle was most often associated with the person of Prince Henry IV Probus. The first archaeological investigations which allowed for its preliminary confirmation were carried out in 1979, 1981 and 1992–1994 by a team led by Dr. Jerzy Romanow. Their results, however, did not allow a definitive solution to the problem.
Residential tower of the Koło castle in the light of the latest archaeological research
Authors: Olszacki Tomasz , Różański Artur
Published: January 2023

The Koło castle (Wielkopolskie voivodeship) is the best-preserved royal stronghold in the broadly defined historical province of Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). The castle owes this status not so much to the scale of the structures preserved to this day (i.e., ruins of the bergfried; the west curtain walls, still visible today in full length and considerable height; the greater part of the north curtain wall; and a section of the south one), but rather to the dilapidated condition of other castles founded by Polish monarchs. For a number of years (1977–1983), the Koło castle was subjected to archaeological research led by Łucja Pawlicka-Nowak (Regional Museum in Konin). Among other things, the excavations uncovered the residential tower discussed in thispaper. The excavations at the time covered the western half of the building’s interior, both of its outer southern corners, and the north-western area. The research was resumed in 2019, and the authors of this paper faced the challenge of verifying the earlier fieldwork, the extent of which was very wide and not fully documented. The investigations presented here shed completely new light both on the construction history of the Koło castle, and the issues concerning its chronology, which, in the light of current research, would have been as follows: Casimir the Great acquires the village and founds the town of Koło in 1362; the construction of the castle commences and the work on the site of the residential tower quickly progresses following 1365 (or 1367); the monarch dies in autumn 1370, before or shortly after the unfinished castle is consumed by fire. The article concludes with a chapter showing the Koło tower against the background of similar structures in Europe.
creation and architectural transformation of the parish church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Żary from the early 13th to late 17th century
Authors: Legendziewicz Andrzej
Published: January 2023

This article presents architectural transformations in the parish church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (originally the Blessed Virgin Mary) in Żary. The church is one of themost interesting brick churches in the borderland between Silesia and Lusatia. Unfortunately, the church has featured very little in the literature, and only its non-extant Romanesque west arm is discussed. Based on the scant written sources, and the results of architectural researchand archaeological excavations, the author discusses the formation and transformation of the parish church from the 13th century to the end of the 17th century. The Romanesque chancel and choir were built in the 13th century. The Gothic reconstruction of the choir was completed in 1309 and of the western arm in 1401. The next significant construction took place in the second half of the 17th century, when the Promnitz funeral chapel was built next to the choir and galleries were built in the aisles.
Early medieval fortified settlements of the Pomeranian-Kuyavia limesis – archaeology and conservation issues
Authors: Bojarski Jacek , Chudziak Wojciech , Dygaszewicz Elżbieta
Published: January 2023

The text discusses three different cases of rescue research carried out in recent years by the Institute of Archaeology the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń on fortified settlements in Bydgoszcz-Stare Miasto, Pawłówek and Bydgoszcz-Fordon (historic Wyszogród), in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship. These settlements played an important role in the early Middle Ages as centres of exchange and defence of the Greater Poland-Kuyavia borderland. Together with their immediate settlement base, they were subject to destruction processes to varying degrees. These destructions were the result of natural and human activities. The progressive degradation required wide-ranging archaeological investigations to be carried out on these sites and appropriate legal, administrative and conservation measures to be taken in order to secure the remaining relics.
Zakopiańskie wczasowiczki w „Pożegnaniu jesieni”. Bohaterki Witkacego wobec typologii kobiet w literaturze o Tatrach
Authors: Pigoń Anna
Published: January 2023

Kobiety opisywane w literaturze o Tatrach dzielą się na kilka wyraźnych grup zależnych od ich stosunku do przestrzeni. Jedną z nich są gościnie, a w jej ramach można wyróżnić wczasowiczki, czyli kobiety przebywające pod Tatrami w celach wypoczynkowych, niebudujące głębszej relacji z górskimi szczytami czy góralskimi realiami.W tę typologię wpisują się bohaterki ukazane przez Witkacego w powieści Pożegnanie jesieni (1925). Jej fabuła oraz bohaterowie nawiązują do doświadczeń autora. Hela Bertz i Zosia Osłabędzka funkcjonują w owym międzywojennym dziele na zasadzie opozycji. Pierwsza reprezentuje bowiem aktywną seksualność, druga bierność, która doprowadza ją do samobójczej śmierci.W artykule opisano typologię kobiet obecnych w literaturze o Tatrach, która następnie została odniesiona do bohaterek powieści Witkacego.
Szczepienia ochronne – analiza prawno-finansowa
Authors: Trzeszczoń Dominika
Published: January 2023

Przedmiotem badań i analiz podjętych na potrzeby niniejszego opracowania są finansowoprawne aspekty szczepień ochronnych w Polsce. Z uwagi na złożony zakres rozważań należało także uwzględnić zagadnienia, które pozwolą ocenić tytułowy problem w sposób kompleksowy, z perspektywy zarówno prawnej, jak i finansowej, zwracając uwagę na uregulowania zawarte w Konstytucji RP, u.f.p. i ustawach szczegółowych. Kwestia ta właśnie dlatego, że nie została dokładnie zbadana przez doktrynę, stanowi źródło interesujących analiz i wniosków. W związku z tym w niniejszym opracowaniu w pierwszej kolejności zostaną przedstawione ogólne zagadnienia związane z konstytucyjnymi uregulowaniami dotyczącymi szczepień ochronnych, z odwołaniem się także do innych aktów prawnych regulujących tę problematykę, a następnie wybrane zagadnienia problemowe takie jak np. analiza Narodowego Programu Szczepień, a także zasad gospodarki finansowej prowadzonej przez Fundusz Kompensacyjny Szczepień Ochronnych. Przenalizowano także zagadnienia dotyczące szczepień ochronnych i kwestie związane z ich finansowaniem na gruncie przepisów ustawy budżetowej z 2022 r. oraz ustawy z dnia 5 grudnia 2008 r. o zapobieganiu oraz zwalczaniu zakażeń i chorób zakaźnych u ludzi. Przedmiotem analizy będą także dane dotyczące wydatków na ochronę zdrowia realizowanych na podstawie ustawy z dnia 27 sierpnia 2004 r. o świadczeniach opieki zdrowotnej finansowanych ze środków publicznych.
Wpływ rewolucji cyfrowej na międzynarodowe zasady podziału praw do opodatkowania
Authors: Morawska Kamila
Published: January 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu są przede wszystkim działania podejmowane przez OECD w celu rozwiązania problemów podatkowych wynikających z rozpowszechniania się nowych modeli biznesowych gospodarki cyfrowej, w tym w szczególności koncepcję znaczącej obecności gospodarczej oraz tzw. rozwiązanie dwufilarowe. Następnie przedstawiono propozycje wysuwane przez autorów publikacji z zakresu międzynarodowego prawa podatkowego, a końcowo zostały sformułowane postulaty de lege ferenda dotyczące kierunku i zakresu zmian zasad opodatkowania przedsiębiorstw z branży cyfrowej.
Twórcy polskiej dydaktyki dorosłych
Authors: Aleksander Tadeusz
Published: January 2023

Intencją zaprezentowanego tekstu jest utrwalenie wkładu Józefa Półturzyckiego w rozwój polskiej dydaktyki dorosłych. Z myślą o uchwyceniu oryginalności tego dorobku ukazano go na tle podręczników dydaktyki dorosłych innych autorów: Ireny Drozdowicz-Jurgielewiczowej, Marii Borowieckiej, Franciszka Urbańczyka. Podstawę źródłową opracowania stanowią informacje biograficzne zebrane w toku kwerendy archiwalnej akt osobowych wymienionych osób oraz analizy treści opracowanych przez nich podręczników dydaktyki dorosłych.Wszyscy autorzy, w tym także Józef Półturzycki, byli w młodości nauczycielami dorosłych, mieli więc w obszarze, któremu poświęcili swoje podręczniki, duże doświadczenie praktyczne. Przygotowując je, przestudiowali też uważnie polską i zagraniczną literaturę na temat kształcenia dorosłych. Dzięki temu zabiegowi metodologicznemu napisane przez nich podręczniki wiernie odzwierciedlają współczesne im osiągnięcia refleksji krajowej i zagranicznej w obszarze kształcenia dorosłych.
Józef Półturzycki in the face of folk high schools. Notes on the basis of the renewal of Polish folk high schools in the years 2016–2022
Authors: Maliszewski Tomasz , Solarczyk-Szwec Hanna
Published: January 2023

The authors dedicate their text to the memory of Professor Józef Półturzycki, recalling his contribution as the author and editor-in-chief of the “Andragogy Yearbook” and the inspirer of activities aimed at preserving the knowledge of folk high schools in the social (and academic) memory from the 1990s to the second decade of the 21st century, i.e. at the time when these institutions were almost forgotten. The sketch touches on selected threads regarding the revival of the Polish folk high school movement on the basis of the Folk High Schools Development Programme for the years 2020–2030 and the Polish Network of Folk High Schools (PNFHS). The participation of both authors in the 1st All-Polish Folk High School Festival in Koszałkowo in the summer of 2022 was the inspiration to take up these issues.
Tourism as a Means of Happiness and Subjective Well-Being for Senior Travelers.
Authors: Balderas-Cejudo Adela , Patterson Ian
Published: January 2023

Varios estudios han investigado el impacto de las experiencias turísticas en la salud y el bienestar, pero se sabe muy poco sobre los factores psicológicos subyacentes y los mecanismos implicados. Varios investigadores han sugerido que la felicidad y las actividades turísticas están estrechamente vinculadas, pero se ha investigado relativamente poco sobre las posibles conexiones entre el turismo y la felicidad, el bienestar subjetivo (BS) y la calidad de vida, especialmente en el caso de los viajeros de más edad en un mundo que envejece. Desde el punto de vista psicológico, el turismo aporta los mayores beneficios a los viajeros de más edad, ya que el turismo proporciona los medios por los que los adultos mayores pueden buscar la felicidad y sentimientos positivos relacionados con su bienestar y calidad de vida. Esto se debe a que ayuda a mejorar el estado de ánimo, crea una perspectiva positiva y sentimientos positivos de bienestar y alegría para los turistas mayores. Este artículo conceptual se centrará en cómo los viajes contribuyen a los sentimientos de felicidad y bienestar de los turistas de más edad. Las conclusiones proporcionarán una comprensión más profunda de la posible relación entre el turismo y la salud mental, para determinar si el turismo puede afectar positivamente a la vida de las personas, su bienestar y hacer que se sientan felices.
Redes Sociales y Competencias Digitales en la Gestión de Felicidad de Emprendedores Tecnológicos.
Authors: Ahumada-Tello Eduardo
Published: January 2023

La felicidad es aquella percepción que los individuos identifican como el sentido del bienestar ante acontecimientos que se experimentan en la vida. Este documento trata el tema de gestión de felicidad en emprendedores y en universitarios recién egresados en áreas tecnológicas, así como la satisfacción de vida que logran al dedicar su tiempo y esfuerzo a la formación de un nuevo negocio. Así mismo, se hace un análisis cuantitativo, mediante un modelo de regresión, del fenómeno de felicidad a emprendedores y recién egresados, utilizando las variables de “uso de redes sociales” y de ”competencias digitales” para analizar el grado de incidencia en el fenómeno. Se concluye que las competencias digitales influyen en la felicidad, pero las redes sociales tienen un rol más discreto, esto confirma estudios revisados donde se establece una dualidad entre felicidad y angustia provocada por el uso irrestricto de redes sociales lo que hace necesaria una gestión adecuada de la felicidad en emprendedores tecnológicos.
CONTRIBUCIÓN DEL MODELO PEDAGÓGICO NATIVO A LA SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN INDÍGENA.
Authors: Hortensia Cházaro Eva
Published: January 2023

Este artículo tiene como propósito contribuir a la sistematización de la investigación indígena, que en las últimas décadas ha sido desarrollado desde diferentes perspectivas epistémicas, como la antropología o la sociología; pero, sobre todo, lo que aquí se busca es ofrecer una perspectiva desde la mirada de investigadores indígenas. Para lograr esta contribución, la plataforma filosófica ideal ha sido la integración del Modelo Pedagógico Nativo (MPN), propuesta epistémica que ha sumado desde hace años a la sistematización del conocimiento en el paradigma indígena. En este contexto, dicha integración reunió datos que son valiosos para fortalecer la investigación indígena anotando los resultados a manera de “modelo”, para tomar postura propia y no en relación con las formas positivistas y fenomenológicas. Este artículo analiza un representativo de los estudios documentados sobre investigación indígena, con énfasis en los datos que recolecté con la integración del MPN en América, ofreciendo el modelo que permite comprender las características de la investigación indígena. Si bien diferentes autores registran este proceso, y otros cuantos les ofrecen su crítica, la experiencia en diálogo con los participantes y de cerca a la Sabiduría me permitió visualizar el camino que sigue la investigación desde la mirada indígena y ese resultado es el que se presenta aquí.
Traducción de la sentencia de la Corte Internacional de Justicia (cij) relativa a la Delimitación marítima en el océano Índico (Somalia c. Kenia), decisión proferida el 12 de octubre de 2021
Authors: Abello-Galvis Ricardo , Arévalo-Ramírez Walter , Villamizar-Lamus Fernando , Tamayo-Álvarez Rafael
Published: January 2023

A continuación, se presenta una traducción no oficial al español del texto de la sentencia de la cij relativa a la Delimitación marítima en el océano Índico (Somalia c. Kenia), cuya decisión fue proferida el 12 de octubre de 2021. El texto original de la sentencia puede ser consultado en la página web de la cij. La presente traducción es exclusivamente para fines de divulgación. No existe una versión oficial en español de las sentencias de la cij, estas se emiten solo en sus idiomas oficiales: francés e inglés, según el artículo 39-1 del Estatuto. Además, de acuerdo con lo ordenado en el párrafo 2 del mismo artículo, en cada sentencia la cij determina cuál es el idioma en el cual hace fe. En el presente caso fue  el inglés. Al final de la traducción de la sentencia de fondo se incluyó también la traducción del resumen de las declaraciones, opiniones separadas y opiniones disidentes que los jueces adicionaron a la decisión.
Iron-deficiency anaemia in calves and lambs
Authors: Plate Peter
Published: January 2023

While iron-deficiency anaemia is well recognised in piglets, the importance of its diagnosis and treatment in calves and lambs has been highlighted more recently. In particular, housed lambs and calves fed on whole milk are prone to subclinical iron deficiency anaemia, with surveys showing prevalence figures from 20% to more than 50%. Many studies show reduced daily liveweight gain as a main clinical sign in both species; some also show health issues such as increased risk of pneumonia and diarrhoea in calves and an increase in abomasal bloat risk in lambs. Iron supplementation trials consistently led to higher growth rates pre-weaning and to improved haematological values. In the UK, there are no injectable iron preparations licensed for calves or lambs, but preparations licensed for pigs can be used off label.
CattleReview
Authors: Barrett David C
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

In this Cattle Review we consider papers exploring the human nutritional benefits of eating red meat and the use of sexed semen in dairy and extensive beef herds.
How to: ovine clinical examination
Authors: Charles David
Published: January 2023

When asked to consider the core activities of a large animal practitioner, many would conjure up images of vets standing at the back end of a cow performing rectal palpation, or ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis. However, the essential skill in any large animal practitioner's toolbox is the ability to perform a thorough and accurate clinical examination. This article discusses approaches to the ovine clinical examination, the nuances and differences expected for rams and neonates.
MAURICE BLANCHOT I LA IMPERSONALITAT DINS L’ESCRIPTURA LITERÀRIA
Authors: Galofré Claret Berta
Published: January 2023

Gran part de l’obra teòrica de Maurice Blanchot va girar entorn la comprensió de les condicions subjectives necessàries per a l’escriptura literària, més enllà del fenomen creatiu en si. En aquest sentit, l’objectiu d’aquest article és aproximar-se al concepte d’impersonalitat teoritzat pel francès i posar-hi en relació experiències que l’autor considerava intrínseques al fenomen impersonal com: la mort, la nit, el dolor, la impossibilitat i la tragèdia. Alhora, qüestionar les implicacions ètiques que suposa la impersonalitat creativa a través del diàleg establert amb Emmanuel Levinas. Finalment, aquest article vol inscriure la proposta de Blanchot dins l’horitzó del problema del subjecte líric.
Principios éticos y Trabajo social: cuestiones pendientes.
Authors: Cuenca Silvestre Mercedes , Román Maestre Begoña
Published: January 2023

La ética no es un mero apéndice añadido al Trabajo social, sino parte irrenunciable, ya que desde sus inicios se fundamenta en unos principios que han ido evolucionando a la luz de los acontecimientos y cambios sociales. La especificidad moral de la labor de las trabajadoras sociales hace de la ética un elemento constitutivo de la profesión, aunque no sea explícito ni muchas veces consciente por parte de quienes la ejercen. En este artículo describiremos la forma en que históricamente, desde la profesión del Trabajo social se ha abordado la dimensión ética. Concretamente, nos remitiremos al peso que ha tenido el principialismo en dicha profesión. Haremos referencia a los listados de principios éticos más influyentes, observando cómo han ido modificándose, adaptándose o desapareciendo conforme evolucionaba la práctica profesional y cambiaba el contexto. Principios como dignidad, autonomía o confidencialidad han acompañado al Trabajo social desde sus inicios, junto con la falta de fundamentación y método para poderlos especificar, ponderar y aplicar. Todas estas carencias afectan el desempeño ético y la identidad profesional del Trabajo social. Tras la descripción de los elementos clave que consideramos deberían ser objeto de atención por parte de la disciplina, finalizaremos el artículo con una propuesta de actuaciones que contribuyan a la profundización, actualización y normalización de la dimensión ética del Trabajo social.
Las personas sin hogar. Retos para la intervención desde el Trabajo Social.
Authors: Díaz González José Manuel , Rodríguez Ramos Paulo Adrián
Published: January 2023

El sinhogarismo es una realidad compleja que requiere de una atención especializada que vaya más allá de la intervención cuando se ha producido la exclusión residencial. Debe contemplarse un cambio de paradigma en la asunción de esta problemática considerando nuevas estrategias y acciones de prevención y promoción de servicios y recursos que proporcionen una atención eficaz, estén dirigidas a minimizar los daños y eviten la cronificación. El Trabajo Social tiene un papel destacado por sus conocimientos, funciones y experiencia como profesión. Se constituye como imprescindible en el diseño de estrategias y planes de intervención, en la investigación y sistematización de la práctica profesional, y en la atención directa proporcionando servicios adaptados. La persona es la principal responsable de su proceso de cambio y debe tener un papel protagonista en su plan de intervención social, siendo acompañada por los y las profesionales que deben facilitar los medios y métodos para que sea una realidad. Por ello, es imprescindible que esta materia sea contemplada en los planes de estudios de los grados universitarios afines, que se diseñen postgrados dirigidos a la especialización en ella y acciones formativas para profesionales orientadas al reciclaje. Asimismo, en los procesos de intervención debe considerarse a la persona en su contexto donde las relaciones con sus iguales y los/las profesionales constituyen oportunidades de socialización, adquisición de habilidades sociales y entrenamiento para facilitar la integración social.
Validación de un modelo de experiencias turísticas patrimoniales con tecnologías inmersivas en el Desierto de Atacama
Authors: Muñoz Alan
Published: January 2023

El siguiente trabajo muestra la aplicación de un modelo conceptual de experiencias turísticas inmersivas en patrimonio, a la oferta denominada ruta “Qhapaq Ñan Huella en el Desierto” ubicada en la región de Atacama, Chile. El territorio, el patrimonio tangible e intangible, las comunidades indígenas y la historia son puestos en valor, y el modelo evaluado se escogió por los elementos y enfoques que presenta en su estructura, donde destaca el utilizar no solo información científica o validada formalmente, sino además aspectos interpretativos propios de una comunidad local. Los resultados muestran que los cuatro componentes de dicho modelo son adecuados y conducentes a potenciar las experiencias turísticas relacionadas con el distrute del patrimonio y la conservación, por lo que podría servir como una metodología de apoyo para la creación de nuevas ofertas relacionadas con el patrimonio y las tecnologías en turismo.
Designing a Mobile Application for Tourism in the Architectural Heritage of Tehran
Authors: Sepehri Yahya , Gholinejad Pirbazari Alireza
Published: January 2023

Tehran has many valuable historical buildings as historical and populous capital. However, the increasing growth of the city and the uncontrolled prevalence of construction have endangered the city's architectural heritage in recent years. Introducing architecturally valuable buildings to people, and planning to visit them can reduce the risk of demolition. Recently, mobile applications and social networks have provided new facilities to boost tourism in Tehran following the spread of the Internet and the use of smartphones. The aim of this research is to provide a solution for tourism prosperity in Tehran's architectural heritage. This solution is defined in the form of a smartphone- based application. Users in this app can search the list of Tehran's architectural heritage and start tours to them. The application tries to complete its database of historical buildings and tours in interaction with users and under the supervision of experts. This research includes ideation, preliminary studies, design of the initial model, and proposal of the mechanism and user interface of the above application.