bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children
Authors: Azam Ahmed M.
Published: June 2017

Background: This work was carried out to investigate the efficacy of sub-occipital muscles decompression in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children.Methods: Thirty children were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned into two groups; group A (sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques plus traditional physiotherapy program) and group B (Traditional physiotherapy program only). 6 minutes walking test (6MWT) was used to quantify, evaluate and follow functional walking capacity also flexibility tests were used to detect and follow hamestring and calf muscles elasticity. This measurement was taken before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment for all patients. The children parents in both groups A and B were instructed to complete 3 hours of home routine program.Results: Data analysis was available on the 30 hemiplegic cerebral palsy children participated in the study. No significant difference was recorded between the mean values of all parameter of the two groups before treatment. By comparison of the two groups 'results after treatment there was significant improvement in functional walking capacity in favor of the study group. The difference between pre-and post-treatment results of each group was significant.Conclusions: According to the results of this study supported by the relevant literature it can be concluded that the combined effect of physiotherapy training program in addition to sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques can be recommended in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children.
Correlation of APGAR score and cord blood pH with severity of birth asphyxia and short-term outcome
Authors: Meena Pradeep , Meena Mahendra , Gunawat Maheshwar
Published: June 2017

Background: Birth/Perinatal asphyxia is one of the common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Morbidity and mortality in asphyxia depends on duration and severity of asphyxia. The present study was carried out to find out the correlation of APGAR score and cord blood pH with severity of birth asphyxia and short-term outcome.Methods: An observational hospital based prospective study was conducted at inborn NICU, of Medical College Hospital of Southern Rajasthan from March 2015 to September 2015. We enrolled total 50 inborn asphyxiated newborns as cases. The cord blood was collected immediately at delivery for measurement of cord blood arterial blood gas analysis including pH. All the enrolled cases were admitted in the NICU for treatment and observation for complication and immediate neurological outcome. All the admitted newborns were followed till discharge/death for final outcome. The correlation of APGAR score, cord blood pH and outcome was analysed statistically.Results: The mean APGAR score at 1 min, 5 min and mean cord blood pH in babies with HIE-I were 4.40±0.89, 6.80±0.45 and 7.21±0.11; HIE-II 3.70±0.67, 6.0±1.25 and 7.20±0.06; HIE-III 2.69±0.60, 3.56±0.8 and 7.03±0.11, respectively. Correlation coefficients of APGAR 1 min, 5 min and cord blood pH to predict the severity of birth asphyxia were -0.633, -0.666 and 0.624.Conclusions: Cord blood pH at birth in combination with APGAR score can be used to predict the severity of birth asphyxia and short-term outcome. APGAR score and cord blood pH are inversely related with the duration and severity asphyxia.
Spectrum of clinical profile, co-morbidities and parental burden of cerebral palsy children in a tertiary care centre
Authors: C. N. Bhanuprakash , Reddy Chikkanarasa
Published: June 2017

Background: The cerebral palsy is the most common cause of severe physical disability in childhood. The developmental disabilities are a group of disorders differentiated by the pattern of delay among developmental streams. The four streams of development include language, problem solving, motor and social. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of development in which motor function abnormalities are a key feature. Severity varies from mild to severe. Cerebral palsy is a very challenging disability for parents and professionals. Cerebral palsy is a heterogeneous group of persistent disorders of movement and posture caused by non-progressive defects or lesions of immature brain, is the most common cause of childhood disability. The incidence of CP is 2 to 2.5 per thousand live births. During the past twenty years, there have been increases in the incidence and prevalence of CP that may be related to improved documentation of cases, advances in neonatal care and other factors.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. A total of 100 Cerebral Palsy cases were studied in Neuro-developmental clinic, in BMC and RI.Results: Clinical profile of our study shows 74% Spastic cerebral palsy cases (of which 38% were quadriparetic, 31% were diplegic and 5% were hemiparetic), 19% of Hypotonic CP, 1% of Dystonic CP and 6% of Mixed CP cases. Co morbidities in the form of Mental retardation was seen in 94%, feeding problem 64%, visual problems in 39%, seizure disorder in 39%, hearing problems in 18%, behavioral problems 16% of cases.Conclusions: Perinatal asphyxia was important preventable cause of cerebral palsy. Majority of cerebral palsy children were of spastic type. Mental retardation, feeding problem, hearing and vision impairment and seizures were major co morbidities in children with cerebral palsy. Nuclear type of family and high number of co morbidities of the disabled child correlated significantly with higher caregiver burden.
Mesenteric lymphadenopathy in children with recurrent abdominal pain
Authors: Sabal Saransh , Poswal Lakhan , Gediya Sandip , Goyal Suresh
Published: June 2017

Background: Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) are frequently seen in children with abdominal pain and in the absence of other disorders, have been attributed to primary mesenteric lymphadenitis. Mesenteric lymphadenitis is commonly reported in children with acute, chronic or recurrent abdominal pain and no evidence of other pathologies. The purpose of this study was to find out the association of USG finding of enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes with causation of recurrent abdominal pain and outcome of these patients on follow up.Methods: This hospital based prospective study was done on 82 patients aged 5 to 15 years, attending Bal Chikitsalaya, RNT Medical college, Udaipur, fulfilling Apley’s criteria of RAP. Detailed history, physical examination, relevant investigations and USG abdomen was done in all patients.Results: Eighty-two children were enrolled; out of which majority (62.19%) were in age group 5-8 years with mean age 7.9±2.69 years. Mesenteric lymphadenopathy was found in 14 (17.07%) cases. All patients with mesenteric lymphadenopathy 14 (100%) had periumbilical pain and diurnal variation of pain. Follow up of 14 patients who had mesenteric lymphadenopathy showed that in 12 (85.71%) patients, the mesenteric lymphadenopathy resolved on USG despite that pain abdomen persisted in 7 (58.33%).Conclusions: The presence of mesenteric lymphadenopathy can’t be attributed to recurrent abdominal pain.
Congenital pneumonia with empyema at birth; a rare presentation
Authors: Sabal Saransh , Tiwari Kavita , Poswal Lakhan
Published: June 2017

Empyema thoracis is a rare complication of congenital pneumonia in neonates. Case characteristics: A newborn presented with severe respiratory distress had empyema thoracis. Outcome: patient was managed with chest tube insertion and antibiotics. Message: empyema can be a rare complication of congenital pneumonia and along with appropriate antibiotics, chest tube drainage is required for successful management.
Screening of diabetic respiratory symptomatics for pulmonary TB: a key to tackle another hurdle in patient care and TB control?
Authors: Jalamkar Omprakash D. , Salve Vijay Tukaram
Published: June 2017

Background: Association of diabetes and TB have been described in literature since ancient times. With the effective AIDS control programme, HIV related TB morbidity and mortality has decreased drastically, globally as well as in India. However with current life style, diabetes is increasing. And diabetes related TB, is one of the major hurdle in control of TB at both patient care to public health level.  Bidirectional screening has been advocated by WHO and IUATLD. The purpose of this study is to revisit the problem of ‘TB and DM duo’. Methods: Hundred consecutive diabetic respiratory symptomatics, attending medical and chest outpatient department and referrals at ESI-post-graduate institute at a tertiary hospital, Mumbai, were enrolled as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and data was collected and analyzed. Data was compared with the similar studies in literature and final conclusion was drawn. Results: From our experience, 15% diabetics having respiratory symptoms were diagnosed as PTB. Majority of patients had ‘typical radiological findings ‘(i.e. upper zone predilection) and 50% of the diagnosed TB patients had +1 smear. Poor glycemic control was found to be associated with PTB (mean HbA1c -9.5%, S.D -1.866). Conclusions: Diabetes possess a significant burden on pulmonary TB and a serious consideration and   due priority should be given to screen diabetic respiratory symptomatics as part of collaborative diabetes TB management.
Abortion seeking behaviour: a study from tertiary care hospital
Authors: R. Uma Maheswari , T. P. Jayanthi
Published: June 2017

Background: With the legislation of the medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) act in 1971, India became one of the first countries legalizing abortion on moderately liberal grounds for women to access safe abortion services. But MTP is often used as the most important method of fertility regulation by the community in the struggle to control family size. Though MTP is a safe procedure and legalised, it is not free from complications and it is dangerous to use it for spacing. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to study the factors influencing MTPs & the subsequent adoption of contraceptive methods following MTP. The objectives of the study were to study the socio- demographic and obstetric profile of women undergoing termination of pregnancy and to study the reasons for termination of pregnancy and the concurrent contraceptive methods adopted by these womenMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women who underwent MTP at the hospital during the study period. The details regarding their socio demographic profile, previous obstetric history, reason for seeking abortion and acceptance of post abortal contraception were taken. Results: Among the 184, MTP seekers72.3% of women were below the age of 30, 75% of women resided in urban area and 72.3% of the women were either illiterate or had primary education.95.1% of seeking termination of pregnancy was with gestational age of ≤12 weeks and 94.6% with parity ≤2. Family completed (85.9%) was the main reason for current termination of pregnancy. The concurrent contraceptive adopted were Cu-T and permanent sterilization by 6% and 87.5% women respectively. Conclusions: Eligible couples have to be educated regarding the availability of different methods of contraceptives and their proper use to avoid pregnancy as long as they want.
Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation: A Typical Syndrome in Sub-Urban Rural Areas: Require Scientific and Technological Intervention
Authors: Verdhen Anand
Published: June 2017

The population and industrial growths are demanding for sustainable and safe drinking water and waste disposal in rural and urban belts. Deficiency and lack of fresh water supply and sewage disposal/treatment affects the health and hygiene of household, community dwellers and local/regional environment. The paper highlights the problems around Farukh Nagar of Gurgaon District in Haryana and suggests for scientific and technological study to address the issue. Preliminary field visit and study show the gravity of problem and possible reasons. However, detailed study is required adopting scientific and technological viable strategy including methodology, questionnaire based interaction with beneficiaries and agencies to collect stratified socio-economic and technical primary and secondary details/records, people perceptions and experiences, Ground water details (level, yield, point source and quality fluctuations), Surface water source, rainfall, water supply system/parameters, population and growth, waste water and sludge production, treatment and disposal system, recharge and outfall zone in the study/nearby areas, etc. Further, analysis of data employing hydrological/hydraulic software, testing/verification of quality parameters with Indian and international standards, physical models, workshops among beneficiaries and user agencies addressing the points of innovation to implement viable and sustainable water supply and sewage disposal plans are needed.
A Study of Changing Pattern and Demand for Mobile Banking Services in India
Authors: Pandiya Sudhanshu , Gupta Shikha
Published: June 2017

Recent innovations in the telecommunication have proven to be a boon for the banking sector and its customers: One of these is Mobile Banking, where customers interact with the bank via mobile phones and banks provide them the services like short message services, fund transfers, account details, issue of cheque book etc. Presently almost all the banks in the world have started providing their customers "Mobile Banking" services. The main issue of this study is to understand the factors which contribute to user's intention to use the mobile banking services. The purpose of this review paper is to explore the factors that influence the adoption behaviour of mobile banking services by Indian consumers. The data was collected from 150 respondents from Delhi city in the month of November and December 2013. Around 61.33% respondents opined that this system is less costly and time saving and 58.67% respondents would like to try this service. In this paper, we will share what is mobile banking (m-banking), RBI guidelines for mobile banking in India, advantages of adopting this new technology both for the banking sector as well as the consumer and issues which needs to be addressed relating to this new form of banking.

This paper also discusses the various steps that mobile banking providers should take to increase their mobile banking services user's database. Recent innovations in the telecommunication have proven to be a boon for the banking sector and its customers: This paper also discusses the various steps that mobile banking providers should take to increase their mobile banking services user's database.
Graphs for Research
Authors: Sharma Sudhansh
Published: June 2017

Graph transforms raw data into information, nowadays the electronic environment leads to exponential data growth rate. To analyze such voluminous data, Big Data Analytics is the upcoming field, where Graphs plays dominant role. Further, in any research, this graphical representation of the data strengthens the data analysis to a great extent. Business Data Analytics uses statistical techniques to a great extent; the outcomes of such techniques are generally represented in the form of graphs for better interpretation and analysis. In this paper after studying lots of research work from various disciplines, a brief report of the various types of graphs is prepared along with their area of application and possible alternative techniques. The work performed in this paper is domain independent, and the outcome of the performed work will help to strengthen the research in all disciplines and domain.
The eLearning Africa Supporting Transformation trust
Authors: , ,
Published: June 2017

EAST is a non-profit organisation that aims to make a lasting positive impact on education in Africa.

We do so by investing in Africa's educators, practitioners and research communities and leveraging the potential that Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) can offer. One of the main efforts of the trust is to support people with - out the financial means to attend eLearning Africa. The annual eLearning Africa conference provides a pan-African network for professionals in the field of technology-supported learning and a platform for people who want to develop future forms of educa - tion in Africa.
Awarded 4th Rank in the List of Top 10 Cyber Lawyers around the World
Authors: Duggal Pavan
Published: June 2017

"Top 10 Cyber Lawyers around the World", May 2013 Listed as the 4th among the top 10 Cyber Lawyers around the World by cyberlawelightenment.blogspot.in.. To view the entire list: http://cyberlawelightenment.blogspot.in/2013/05/top-10-cyber-lawyers- around-world.html Pavan Duggal is one of the pioneers in the field of cyberlaw and is Asia's leading authority on cyberlaw. He is a practicing advocate, Supreme Court of India and a cyberlaw consultant. He is the President of cyberlaws. Net, The cyberlaw consultancy which is internet's unique and first ever consultancy dedicated exclusively to the new field of cyberlaw.
Clean 'n' Green Rural India Summit 2015 (C'n'GRIs 2015)
Authors: Arora Ajay
Published: June 2017

1. To bring Farmers' Community, Corporate Sector, Entrepreneurs, Opinion Leaders, Policy makers, investors, Public Utility Services, Scientists, R&D teams, Innovators, NGOs etc. at one platform to share and showcase their climate resilient initiatives.

2. To facilitate networking between Farmers, Entrepreneurs, Corporate Sector with R&D Teams, Scientists, Investors and Financial Institutions so as the innovations and technologies in climate resilient agriculture can be replicated and commercially sustained at a larger scale.

3. To promote climate resilient initiatives of Corporate Sector, Entrepreneurs, Farmers, Financial Institutions, Public Utility Services, Scientists, NGOs etc. through Exhibition and publication of their success stories in the Summit Souvenir (to be released at C'n'GRls).

4. CnGRls 2015 also aims to celebrate Clean & Green Leaders Awards of the year 2015 to recognise and showcase clean & green initiatives and achievements of people, companies, and organizations exemplifying leadership in clean and green best practices.
To Study of the Effect of Melatoninon Noradrenaline Mediated Behavioural Responses after Electroconvulsive Shock (ECS) Administration
Authors: Singh Jeetendra , Baheti Tushar C. , Patil Sunil
Published: June 2017

Objectives: To look for possible data regarding the effects of melatonin on noradrenaline mediated behavioral responses after Electroconvulsive Shock (ECS) administration in rats. Methods: Forty rats were divided in four groups with ten rats in each group and treatment duration was kept for ten days in all the groups. 1. Control group- distilled water (2ml daily). 2. ECS pretreated group- Single ECS daily. 3. Melatonin group- melatonin suspension (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) daily. 4. Test group- Single ECS daily + melatonin suspension one hour after ECS (10mg/kg/day, p.o). Clonidine induced sedation was used as a model to assess noradrenaline mediated behavioral changes. Clonidine induced sedation score was assessed 30 min after giving intraperitoneal injection of clonidine hydrochloride (100 μg/kg) in each group on day 11.Data was analysed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Findings show that administration of single ECS daily for consecutive 10 days results in enhancement of clonidine induced sedation. Melatonin administration decreases clonidine induced sedation which may be due to modulation at noradrenergic neurotransmission. Also, melatonin significantly retarded the ECS-induced enhancement of clonidine induced sedation. Conclusion: ECS administration leads to enhancement in clonidine induced sedation. Melatonin administration could prevent enhancement in clonidine induced sedation which may be due to modulation at the level of noradrenergic transmission. This modulation in noradrenergic transmission might be of some value in attenuation of disruption of memory following ECS administration. As ECT in humans is known to produce memory disruption, a possible potential therapeutic utility of melatonin to prevent memory disruption in such patient is worth considering.
Study of Platelet Count and Platelet Indices in Neonatal Sepsis in Tertiary Care Institute
Authors: Karne Tripti K. , Joshi Deepa D. , Zile Umesh , Patil Sunil
Published: June 2017

Aims and Objectives: To correlate degree of thrombocytopenia and platelet indices with neonatal sepsis in our NICU set up. Materials and Methods: After taking approval from ethical committee of our institute, we studied total 150 cases over a span of 24 months, from August 2013 to August 2015. Peripheral blood was drawn from all the study subjects under aseptic precautions in EDTA bulb. A complete hemogram was performed using Beckman Coulter. Latex agglutination kit was used for CRP estimation. Different organisms were isolated by Bactecblood culture. Results: Out of 150 neonates 40(26%) cases were sepsis proven, 63 (42%) ases had suspected infection and 47(31%) cases were non infected. Male constituted 84(56%) cases and females constituted 66(44%) cases. 35(87.5%) cases out of proven sepsis were preterm neonates. Out of 40 sepsis proven cases CRP was increased in 31 (77.5%) neonates. Gram negative organisms were more common than gram positive organisms. Pseudomonas was most common organism, and was isolated in 16 (40%) cases. Staphylococcus organism isolated in 7 (17.5%) cases. 23 (57.5%) of sepsis proven cases showed severe degree of thrombocytopenia and was seen mainly with Pseudomonas organisms. In platelet indices PDW was significantly increased in newborns with sepsis. Whereas MPV was also increased in sepsis cases but was not significant. Conclusion: Variation in the degree of thrombocytopenia and platelet indices was seen in neonatal sepsis. Severe degree of thrombocytopenia associated with proven sepsis. PDW was significantly increased in newborns with sepsis. Gram negative organisms were common cause of neonatal sepsis.
Benefits and Challenges to Strategic Planning in Public Institutions
Authors: Giraudou Annie , Mclarney Carolan
Published: June 2017

Public institutions represent a major investment for a country. Their existence is externally justified and primarily aimed at improving the lives of citizens. Much hype has been made on increasing the accountability in government and public institutions. To achieve their goals with transparency to its constituency, an institution must think and act strategically. This requires the use of strategic planning models and frameworks; however, much of the research and empirical evidence lies with corporations. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate public institution characteristics and highlight areas where changes to corporate models are required. Benefits and challenges to public institution implementation will be discussed. Finally, the paper will argue for the need to focus more on research and collection of data on strategic planning initiatives worldwide. This would create a greater basin of tools for public institutions and avoid costly mistakes.
Strategic Human Resource Development: Shifting Paradigm in Nepalese Listed Companies
Authors: Gautam Dhruba Kumar
Published: June 2017

This paper explores the level of Human Resource Development (HRD), involvement of Human Resource (HR) managers in strategic decisions, sharing HR responsibility and changes of line management roles for HRD programs in publicly traded business corporation of Nepal. Data was collected using structured questionnaire from line management and HR managers of 105 organizations based on unit of analysis that have at least five years of establishment of age, and analyzed. It is observed that the mission statements crafted by most of the organizations at the corporate level do not follow any common trend while formulating HRD strategies. The selection rate of HR managers from internal sources of organizations is fairly larger while appointing HRD managers and the trend of involving HR manager for strategy formulation is increasing. This study contributes to the existing theory of HRD and helps to execute the policies and programs by Nepalese business managers, to accelerate the overall business performance.
A Study of Investment Behavior of Households in Virudhunagar District
Authors: Selvakumar M. , Manicka Mahesh N.
Published: June 2017

Investment of hard earned money is a crucial activity of every human being. Investment is the commitment of funds which have been saved from current consumption with the hope that some benefits will be received in future. Thus, it is a reward for waiting for money. Savings of the people are invested in assets depending on their risk and return demands, safety of money, liquidity, the available avenues for investment, various financial institutions, etc. On the other hand, the savings provide capital to industry, economic development to the country. In developing country like India, household savings is the major source of capital for economic activities. The study helps to understand the knowledge and behavior of households, the major provider of funds to economic activities of the country. Hence, a study of investment behavior of households has made with the objective of understanding the level of knowledge of households about investment.
Contacto normal entre un medio elastoplástico continuo y una esfera rígida: Observaciones experimentales y computacionales
Authors: Pedraza Ángela María , Guevara Ángela Rocío , Camacho Javier , Vargas Watson L.
Published: June 2017

Se presenta en este trabajo una investigación experimental y numérica del contacto normal de una esfera rígida con una placa plana de material cuyo comportamiento mecánico se asume de tipo elasto-plástico. Los esfuerzos locales bajo el punto de contacto se han obtenido experimentalmente mediante visualización foto-elástica. Se ha evaluado numéricamente la evolución de los bulbos de esfuerzo bajo el punto contacto como función del tiempo y se ha efectuado la comparación con las observaciones experimentales. Los resultados indican que un modelo elasto-plástico tridimensional reproduce de manera apropiada las características principales observadas en los experimentos físicos. Este ejercicio puramente académico y de carácter didáctico enfatiza en el enorme potencial de los elementos finitos en la solución de problemas de deformación bajo diferentes tipos de modelos constitutivos y pone de manifiesto la enorme utilidad del modelamiento matemático y computacional basado en aproximaciones continuas de la materia.
Humedales artificiales de flujo vertical para mejorar la calidad del agua del río Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez Chaparro Tatiana , Ospina Ivonne Maritza
Published: June 2017

El propósito de esta investigación consistió en evaluar la capacidad de reducción de compuestos orgánicos e inorgánicos en un humedal artificial de flujo vertical a escala laboratorio alimentado con agua del río Bogotá tomada a la altura del campus universitario “Río Grande” en Cajica para determinar la viabilidad de emplear este tipo de tecnología en control de la contaminación hídrica. El prototipo se diseño y construyo con base en las recomendaciones de autores como Arias (2003) y Cooper (1990) . Los resultados que se obtuvieron permitieron determinar reducciones de DBO^20 5 = 37%, DQO = 10%, CT = 49%, ST = 16%, SST = 27% , NO2 = 83%, NO3 = 30% De lo anterior se concluye que a escala laboratorio el humedal artificial de flujo vertical mejora la calidad del agua del río Bogotá a la altura del campus “Río Grande” en Cajica.
Utilización del modelo CAM-CLAY modificado en suelos cohesivos de la Sabana de Bogotá
Authors: Camacho Tauta Javier Fernando , Reyes Ortiz Óscar Javier , Bueno Pumarejo Paula Bibiana
Published: June 2017

Con el fin de estudiar el comportamiento mecánico de arcillas típicas de la Sabana de Bogotá, se llevó a cabo un programa de investigación experimental en laboratorio que incluyó ensayos básicos de caracterización, consolidación unidimensional y compresión triaxial consolidada no drenada. De los resultados se obtuvieron los principales parámetros de resistencia y deformabilidad de acuerdo con la teoría del estado crítico. Estos parámetros permiten conformar un modelo de comportamiento bajo el régimen elastoplástico. Se utilizó el modelo Cam-Clay Modificado (CCM) para reproducir las deformaciones resultantes para cada trayectoria de esfuerzos aplicada. Se compararon las curvas producidas por el modelo con respecto a los resultados experimentales, lo que permitió identificar bajo cuales condiciones el modelo simula mejor el comportamiento del suelo y sobre qué variables se debe trabajar para obtener un modelo constitutivo completo.
Estudio de distribución de tiempos de residencia en un reactor biológico de lecho empacado cerámico
Authors: Rodríguez Chaparro Tatiana , Pinzón Luz Helena , Arámbula Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2017

La distribución de tiempos de residencia de un reactor es una característica del mezclado que ocurre dentro de él [1] [2]; su determinación es básica para el diseño de cualquier tipo de reactor en escala real. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar la distribución de tiempos de residencia en un reactor biológico de lecho empacado cerámico (anillos) a partir de pruebas con trazadores. Los resultados obtenidos utilizando las técnicas de inyección por paso y pulso fueron 34.577 seg., y 17.745 seg., respectivamente, y la dispersión calculada infinita. Lo anterior permite concluir que en reactores de lecho empacado cerámico (anillos) las moléculas del trazador se distribuyen uniformemente en todo el sistema. Los ensayos se realizaron en un modelo a escala laboratorio.
Acerca de la escritura de artículos científicos
Authors: Vargas Watson L.
Published: June 2017

Una investigación sólo está completa cuando se comunique y publique en un journal indexado. La publicación en un journal que aplica el proceso de revisión por pares es el proceso fundamental de la comunicación científica. La decisión de escribir, pero haciendo el esfuerzo de hacerlo bien, es la piedra angular de los individuos letrados en ciencia. Una escritura pobre indica un pensamiento pobre y los dos son desastrosos tanto para la investigación como para la publicación de resultados provenientes de una investigación. Para escribir y publicar un artículo científico convincente, deben abordarse muchas preguntas, incluyendo: qué escribir, dónde publicar, qué estilo aplicar, cómo responder a un referee, y cualesquiera otras preguntas adicionales que puedan surgir durante el proceso. Este artículo provee guías que el autor espera sean útiles para la escritura y publicación efectiva y eficiente de artículos científicos.
Redes convergentes
Authors: Mejía Fajardo Ángela Marcela
Published: June 2017

Las redes convergentes o redes de multiservicio hacen referencia a la integración de los servicios de voz, datos y video sobre una sola red basada en IP como protocolo de nivel de red. En este artículo se presenta la integración de servicios de voz sobre redes IP (VoIP) como ejemplo de red convergente. La arquitectura de esta red está constituida básicamente, por el media gateway, el controlador de media gateway, el gateway de señalización y el gatekeeper. Las redes de convergencia han tenido y tendrán aún dificultades técnicas qué superar ya que los distintos servicios por ofrecer tienen diferentes características y requerimientos de red, por tanto es importante hablar aquí de ingeniería de tráfico y mecanismos que garanticen calidades de servicio.
Sistemas inteligentes, ingeniería e hidroinformática
Authors: Obregón Neira Nelson , Fragala Federico
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo presenta un marco conceptual y referencial de los denominados Sistemas Inteligentes en el marco de su empleo en la ingeniería y particularmente en la nueva disciplina de la hidroinformática. Estos incluyen dos grandes ramas: la inteligencia computacional y los sistemas basados en el conocimiento. En los primeros se pueden incluir los paradigmas de la inteligencia artificial que son las redes neurona les artificiales, los algoritmos genéticos y la lógica difusa. En los segundos se pueden catalogar los sistemas basados en reglas como los árboles de decisión y los sistemas expertos (difusos). En general, todos los sistemas inteligentes ofrecen otra posibilidad para aproximar la compleja problemática que existe en el estudio de los hidrosistemas. Por consiguiente este trabajo representa un esfuerzo por promocionar su uso y divulgación en nuestro medio, sobre todo entre los ingenieros civiles, ambientales y en general todos los profesionales y geocientíficos involucrados de alguna manera u otra con los recursos hídricos en Colombia.
¿De qué están hechas las cosas?
Authors: Dussán Helber
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se describe la teoría actualmente aceptada sobre la constitución de la materia, conocida con el nombre de Modelo Estándar de Partículas Elementales. Se explica la razón y el origen de la clasificación entre diferentes tipos de partículas, bosones, leptones, quarks, hadrones, mesones, etc. Se hace un análisis crítico del modelo, así como sus posibles perspectivas.
Importancia estratégica del cuadro integral de mando en la gestión empresarial Balanced Scorecard
Authors: López Bonilla Ernesto , Rojas Cortés Lucio , Torres Moreno Ana Rosa
Published: June 2017

El modelo de Balanced Scorecard o Tablero Integral de Mando, es una poderosa herramienta de planeación estratégica que permite a la empresa moderna crear y controlar sus propios indicadores de gestión relacionados dentro de cuatro perspectivas, a saber: Financiera, Procesos Internos, Cliente y Formación y Crecimiento, entrelazándolos con la misión, la visión y contemplando los aspectos internos - externos que puedan afectar la cadena de valor de la organización.
Diseño del robot industrial UMNG-I
Authors: Caparroso Ivan Olier
Published: June 2017

Este artículo resume el proceso empleado en el diseño del Robot Industrial UMNG-I del programa de Ingeniería Mecatrónica de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Se presenta un conjunto de conceptos fundamentales relacionados con la robótica industrial así como un proceso organizado y secuencial de diseño. Finalmente se muestra los resultados parciales obtenidos para el Robot Industrial UMNG-I.
Definición de las áreas y líneas de investigación de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Militar "Nueva Granada"
Authors: Morales de Mosquera Luz Yolanda
Published: June 2017

La Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Militar tiene a disposición de las Fuerzas Militares y la comunidad en general tres programas de Ingeniería en pregrado: Civil, Industrial y Mecatrónica; y dos en posgrado: Diseño, Construcción y Conservación de Puentes, y Gerencia Integral de Proyectos. Uno de los objetivos principales es desarrollar la investigación como característica fundamental de la docencia con el fin de generar conocimientos científicos y técnicos, tanto en programas de pregrado como de posgrado y como aporte a la solución de problemas de la comunidad mediante el servicio de extensión universitaria. La definición de las Líneas de investigación de la Facultad se ha venido haciendo desde 1994, teniendo presente el recurso humano con que se cuenta y los recursos económicos con los que la Universidad apoya los proyectos de investigación, que cumplen con los requisitos establecidos en la resolución 458 del 28 de octubre de 1994 y que se enmarcan dentro de las políticas y estrategias de la Universidad en el campo de la investigación.
Aplicación del cemento Portland y los cementos adicionados
Authors: Salamanca Correa Rodrigo
Published: June 2017

El cemento es un producto intermedio utilizado para fabricar materiales de construcción: morteros y concretos. La trabajabilidad de esos materiales en estado fresco, sus propiedades una vez endurecidos y los costos, son decisivos para su aplicación como materiales de construcción.  En el No. 9 de esta revista se publicó un artículo relacionado con los cementos adicionados, sus características, ventajas implícitas en su uso, etc. En el presente artículo se resumen algunas de las características básicas de los materiales que se elaboran con tales cementos, es decir los concretos y los morteros.
Aspectos básicos del Internet como herramienta empresarial
Authors: Aponte Rodríguez Jorge Alexander , Villazón Amarís Hernando Alonso
Published: June 2017

El objetivo principal de este artículo, es brindar una orientación clara y sencilla acerca de la importancia estratégica del Internet en el entorno empresarial. De esta manera, se hace una presentación general de la Red de Redes y de sus principios de funcionamiento, para dar paso a la participación de las Superautopistas de la información en los procesos de globalización económica. Finalmente, y con el fin de ubicar mejor al lector dentro del marco nacional, se trata el tema del presente y futuro del Internet en Colombia, junto con algunas proyecciones.
Causales que contribuyen al desmejoramiento educativo de la juventud actual en Colombia
Authors: Agudelo Ríos Luis Horacio
Published: June 2017

Haciendo la salvedad de excepciones muy valiosas, ubicadas en las minorías de la masa estudiantil activa joven del país, la población de alumnos para secundaria y educación superior, evidencian significativos vacíos en su formación cultural integral, que retardan los procesos educativos para cada nivel, y reflejan fallas que comprometen de manera directa a todos los estamentos participativos en la culturización del hombre; como la familia, el pueblo como sociedad y el Estado regulador de la educación.
Empleo de basura para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de una estructura de pavimento
Authors: Reyes Ortiz Oscar Javier
Published: June 2017

Este artículo describe la realización de un estudio en laboratorio de la determinación de los porcentajes óptimos de desperdicio de material plástico (llantas viejasm neumáticos usados, bolsas de leche y botellas de agua), mediante la ejecución de los ensayos Marshall, modulo dinámico y leyes de fatiga. El material plástico es introducido en la mezcla asfáltica en el momento de mezclado del granular y el asfalto, en pedazos de aproximadamente 4 milímetros de lado. Los ensayos de módulo dinámico se realizaron a 10, 20 y 30 grados Celsius y a 1, 10 y 25 Hz de frecuencia; Las Leyes de fatiga se ejecutaron para tres deformaciones diferentes y a las temperaturas de 10 y 20 grados Celsius. Los resultados principales obtenidos fueron los porcentajes óptimos de cada material, el porcentaje de mejoramiento y la temperatura, la deformación y la frecuencia empleada en la ejecución de cada ensayo.
Exploración al diseño experimental
Authors: Rojas Cárdenas Luis Enrique , Rojas Cortés Lucio
Published: June 2017

Para cualquier fenómeno en el que existe la incertidumbre, el procedimiento apropiado para investigarlo es experimentar con él, de manera que puedan identificarse las características del interés. Una de las tendencias más notables en la década pasada fue el uso de experimentos cuidadosamente diseñados y científicamente controlados. En el presente artículo se hace una recopilación del proceso histórico que fue consecuencia y motivó el estudio del diseño experimental con su máximo exponente, sir. Ronald Fisher, a principios del siglo XX. Se presentan algunos conceptos del Diseño Experimental tales como: Variables de Entrada (controlables), Variables Incontrolables y Variables de Salida. Además se describen las razones y los pasos al planear un experimento (metodología) y algunos campos de aplicación.
Emoção como signo dos espaços em meios de hospedagem
Authors: Tricárico Luciano Torres , Santanna de Varga Mônica
Published: June 2017

O objetivo desta pesquisa é sistematizar a emoção como categoria de análise da arquitetura contemporânea, construída potencial e hipoteticamente a partir da arquitetura hoteleira. Para tanto, a pesquisa se caracterizou como exploratória, respaldada pelo levantamento e leitura bibliográficos, bem como estudos de caso e análises empíricas; o método interpretativo foi amparado pela lógica da abdução nos termos de uma semiótica peirceana. Os resultados inferem sobre a possibilidade da emoção como categoria de análise da arquitetura contemporânea, dita também (por muitos) como pós-moderna; superando-se generalizações racionalistas funcionais de sua predecessora arquitetura moderna.
Recursos humanos em rede: a construção de novos significados
Authors: Tozetti Estela Dall Oca
Published: June 2017

Redes são capazes de entrelaçar e organizar pessoas visando a construção de compromissos em torno de interesses em comum de forma igualitária e democrática. Produz novas capacidades de vivência grupal, empoderando os indivíduos para o compromisso com sua própria história e com a sociedade. Dentro dessa concepção o projeto RH em Rede nasceu em 2013 de uma necessidade de repensar as relações entre os profissionais de RH da Universidade. Tem por objetivo promover o fortalecimento das relações de trabalho para que se estabeleçam vínculos de forma colaborativa, facilitando e ampliando o cuidado aos servidores. A estrutura metodológica utilizada é a do foco no indivíduo e no grupo, aplicada a ações de recursos humanos. A partir das metodologias de Investigação Apreciativa, World Café, Open Space e conceitos como oficina, diálogo e círculo, as experiências cognitivas são articuladas num modelo temático produzindo aprendizagens significativas. Os primeiros movimentos do projeto, em 2014, estruturaram-se em bases diagnósticas e capacitações. Em 2015 produziu-se 13 oficinas de reelaboração de vínculos e sensibilização para conceitos de rede, envolvendo 274 profissionais de RH. A partir de 2016 os Rhs locais estruturaram-se para trabalhar por oficinas temáticas, rodas de conversa e visitas entre Rhs. Nasce também os primeiros formatos de estruturação desse movimento sobre uma plataforma tecnológica, com a disponibilização de ferramentas de comunicação virtual. O projeto Rh em Rede está avançando em princípios que representam atitudes que regem a inteligência em rede. Vem produzindo resultados e constituindo-se um instrumento para uma nova política de gestão de pessoas.
Guatemala: Los desafíos del crecimiento
Authors: Larraín B. Felipe
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo analiza los episodios de crecimiento de los pasados cincuenta años en la economía de Guatemala, con particular hincapié en la desaceleración post 1999. Los resultados presentan dos importantes matices. El primero es de carácter positivo y alude al hecho de que este fenómeno sería más bien temporal. Segundo, la desaceleración económica post 1999 tiene un componente interno relacionado a la falta de competitividad y a la menor eficiencia. De esto último se desprende que reformas importantes deben realizarse en áreas relacionadas a la absorción de tecnologías, regulación económica, sector público, sector financiero, apertura, mercado laboral y pobreza, con el fin de promover mayor productividad y crecimiento.
Efecto de cambios legislativos en las pensiones de jubilación contributivas. El caso español
Authors: Balmaseda Manuel , Blázquez Jorge , Moreno Martín , Tello Patry
Published: June 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es cuantificar para la economía española la evolución futura del gasto en pensiones de jubilación contributivas en el horizonte 2002-2050. Para ello se especifica un modelo en el que dicho gasto es función de la pensión media de las altas, de las bajas, de los pensionistas comunes, del número de pensionistas en cada uno de estos colectivos y del complemento de garantía de mínimos. La descomposición del gasto total en pensiones de jubilación en estos tres grupos permite analizar con más detalle cuál de ellos contribuirá en mayor medida a determinar la evolución futura del gasto, así como simular con mayor precisión el efecto de cambios legislativos.
Análisis de las relaciones comerciales entre Iberoamérica y el Caribe y la Unión Europea (1992-2003)
Authors: Cuenca García Eduardo , Rodríguez Martín José Antonio
Published: June 2017

En este trabajo presentamos una valoración empírica de la evolución de las relaciones comerciales entre Iberoamérica y el Caribe y la Unión Europea entre 1992 y 2003, de acuerdo con los datos disponibles recientes, centrándonos en su volumen, la concentración por países y áreas y las fases por las que ha atravesado, en el marco de los principales acuerdos intrarregionales y la creciente liberación de sus economías. Se intenta detectar si los esfuerzos realizados por ambas partes, concretados en cambios en las políticas económicas en muchos países iberoamericanos, los acuerdos para incrementar los intercambios y la intensificación del diálogo político entre ambas orillas del Atlántico, se han materializado en resultados positivos. Las características generales, la intensidad de los mismos y su concentración en zonas determinadas se han abordado utilizando una serie de indicadores que permiten obtener conclusiones de estas transformaciones.
Refuerzo escolar para niños pobres: ¿Funciona?
Authors: Contreras Dante , Herrera Rodrigo
Published: June 2017

Este artículo evalúa el efecto del Programa de Reforzamiento Escolar que Un Techo Para Chile aplica en campamentos de la región metropolitana. Los datos utilizados son extraídos de una encuesta especialmente elaborada por los autores para el desarrollo de este estudio. Se estima el efecto del programa en alumnos de bajos ingresos que asisten a la escuela primaria. Dichos efectos corresponden a un aumento en las calificaciones de matemáticas y castellano en el periodo académico 2004-2003. El efecto del programa es estimado mediante técnicas paramétricas. Posteriormente, la solidez de los resultados se examina por medio de estimaciones no paramétricas con distintos grupos de control. Los principales resultados sugieren que existe suficiente prueba estadística para determinar que el programa tiene un efecto positivo en las calificaciones de los alumnos. Este efecto se encuentra en un intervalo de 1.8 y 5.3 décimas para matemáticas; para castellano, en un rango que fluctúa entre 2.2 a 9.7 décimas. Además, el estudio muestra que las calificaciones que obtuvieron los alumnos en 2003 no determinaron su participación en el programa durante 2004.
RICARDO FFRENCH-DAVIS, Reformas para América Latina: después del fundamentalismo neoliberal, Buenos Aires, Siglo XXI Editores-CEPAL, Argentina, 2005, 328 pp.
Authors: Perrotini Hernández Ignacio
Published: June 2017

Hace algunos lustros Albert O. Hirschman —entre otros— escribía el obituario de la economía del desarrollo, habida cuenta de: i) la crisis del keynesianismo y ii) la dificultad epistemológica de demostrar que el análisis del subdesarrollo ameritaba una teoría específica, distinta de la empleada en el escrutinio de las economías desarrolladas y, finalmente, la “ausencia” de nuevas ideas en la disciplina.