bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kelapa Menjadi Kerajinan Bernilai Ekonomi di Desa Kanoman (Studi Kasus Desa Kanoman, Kec. Panjatan, Kab. Kulonprogo)
Authors: Afiq Ikhwan Nur , Saputra Dedi Adi , Maryani Ina , Fallah M. Fajrul , Asih Hayati Mukti
Published: November 2021

Negara Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara yang memiliki tanaman kelapa terbesar, hampir setiap wilayah secara merata di Indonesia menghasilkan tanaman kelapa, limbah kelapa yang ada saat ini hanya dipandang oleh masyarakat sebagai sampah yang kotor, tidak berguna dan tak ada nilainya, sehingga masyarakat membiarkanya berserakan dimana-mana dan bahkan membuangnya disembarang tempat yang sebenarnya akan sangat berdampak pada lingkungan sekitar, permasalahan ini banyak sekali kita temukan pada desa atau wilayah yang banyak ditumbuhi oleh tumbuhan kelapa, termasuk Desa Kanoman. Pengabdian masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan limbah kelapa sangat diperlukan untuk memanfaatkan dan mengelola limbah kelapa menjadi sebuah kerajinan yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi, dalam pengabdian ini kita menggunakan metode yang sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini yaitu belanded atau dapat diartikan online dan offline. Setelah di lakukannya pengabdian pada Desa Kanoman, pengetahuan  masyarakat tentang bagaimana memanfaatkan limbah kelapa menjadi sebuah kerajinan yang memiliki nilai jual meningkat sebanyak 60% , baik secara pengetahuan maupun dalam praktiknya setelah dilakukannya penyuluhan, dan praktik pembuatan kerajinan.
Kepercayaan Diri Siswa dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Kuncoro Adhityo , Erlangga Fajar , Ramliyana Randi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kepercayaan diri siswa serta pengaruhnya terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris mereka. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode survey ini dilaksanan di Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, dengan 40 responden yang dipilih secara acak dari dua kelas berbeda dari tiga kelas mahasiswa semester dua yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan tes tertulis untuk memperoleh data. Data tersebut kemudian diproses menggunakan program SPSS 2.0 dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi dan korelasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan diri memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris siswa, terlihat dari nilai sig=0,000 (nilai sig<0,05) dan thitung = 4,882 (thitung lebih besar dari ttabel= 1,69). Kesimpulannya, hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kepercayaan diri siswa memiliki pengaruh terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris.
Persepsi Pemahaman Pengelolaan Modal Kerja dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Profitabilitas
Authors: Syarief Moch. Edman , Setiawan Iwan , Assidiki Hasbi , Novianty Ira , Apriliawati Yeti , Afiyanti Fifi , Kristianingsih Kristianingsih , Sudjana Sudjana
Published: November 2021

Pengelolaan modal kerja merupakan salah satu hal terpenting dalam siklus bisnis usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi pemahaman pengelolaan modal kerja dan hubungannya terhadap. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan melalui Google Form dengan responden para pelaku usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah seputar Bandung Raya. Pengolahan data menggunakan pendekatan partial least square dengan memakai WarpPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi pengelolaan kas, dan persepsi pengelolaan Hutang Piutang berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Sementara persepsi pengelolaan persediaan dan persepsi pengelolaan modal kerja secara keseluruhan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas usaha. Hal ini menyatakan bahwa pengelolaan modal kerja memang memiliki akibat terhadap profitabilitas usaha. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah upaya untuk bisa meningkatkan pemahaman pengelolaan modal kerja para pelaku usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah.
Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja UMKM Wisata Pantai Berbasis Digital (Kasus Wisata Pantai Desa Sawarna, Kec. Bayah, Lebak, Banten)
Authors: Darmansyah Asep , Sutardi Acip , Afgani Kurnia Fajar , Susanto Eko , Syaputri Annisa Rizkia , Khaerani Fitria Rahayu
Published: November 2021

Desa Sawarna, Kecamatan Bayah merupakan desa primadona wisata pantai di Kabupaten Lebak Propinsi Banten karena memiliki keindahan alamnya yang sangat mempesona.  Pelaku UMKM  bermunculan melengkapi kesempurnaan sarana wisata pantai, seperti rumah makan, kafe, gerai oleh-oleh, jasa transportasi, jasa penginapan, jasa pemandu wisata, dan jasa persewaan kendaraan.  Era new normal  menjadi garis awal para pelaku UMKM untuk kembali menggerakkan roda bisnisnya, dengan menyiapkan diri masuk ke platform digital. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan menyiapkan UMKM wisata pantai untuk menerapkan model pemasaran dan pembukuan berbasis digital sehingga pemasaran meluas, jarak mendekat, transaksi cepat, dan pengambilan keputusan tepat. Tim LPPM ITB bekerja sama dengan POKDARWIS Desa Sawarna mengadakan pelatihan dan pembinaan digitalisasi bisnis dengan metode pendekatan individu dan kelompok. Survey awal sebelum pelatihan  menunjukkan bahwa UMKM wisata pantai Desa Sawarna masih memiliki pengetahuan yang minim  tentang pemasaran dan pembukuan digital. Pelatihan berisikan langkah-langkah pemahamaan teori dan praktek e-commerce dan pembukuan  digital. Pelatihan membuka cakrawala pengetahuan UMKM tentang pentingnya digitalisasi bisnis, dan memotivasi UMKM untuk beralih ke platform digital yang akan mengagregasi digitalisasi bisnis secara keseluruhan. Paska pelatihan perlu terus didorong dan difasilitasi lebih lanjut oleh pihak-pihak terkait.
Perancangan Kartu Kuartet sebagai Media Pengenalan Dasar Tanaman Obat dengan Teknik Ilustrasi Botani untuk Remaja Usia 12-15 Tahun
Authors: Utami Titah , Nirwana Aditya
Published: November 2021

Tanaman obat merupakan sekelompok jenis tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk menjaga kesehatan, memperbaiki gizi, dan menghijaukan lingkungan. Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai tanaman obat di Indonesia berdampak pada kurangnya pemanfaatan dari tanaman tersebut sebagai upaya preventif dan kuratif bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Maka dari itu, diperlukan edukasi dan sosialisasi mengenai tanaman obat, terutama kepada kalangan muda. Kartu kuartet memiliki manfaat edukatif melalui gambar sebagai visualisasi dan tulisan sebagai keterangan objek yang terlihat. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan minat dan ketertarikan untuk mempelajari tanaman obat. Rancangan kartu kuartet tanaman obat disertai elemen Victorian, di sketsa dengan teknik ilustrasi botani bergaya naturalis yang divisualisasikan menggunakan teknik eyeballing. Pada kartu kuartet juga dikombinasikan dengan motif kawung guna mengangkat batik sebagai salah satu budaya Indonesia. Didapatkan 1 set kartu kuartet yang terdiri dari 32 kartu dengan delapan kategori yaitu: buah, biji, kulit pohon, aromatik, rimpang, daun, bunga, dan pohon. Dalam rancangan termasuk kemasan kartu kuartet dan instruksi permainan serta website dan akun Instagram sebagai media promosi. Hasil data uji coba kartu kuartet pada delapan orang remaja usia 12-15 tahun didapatkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam mengenali macam tanaman obat.
Perancangan Buku Ilustrasi Sejarah Reformasi Gereja, untuk Anak Usia 6-8 Tahun di Sekolah Minggu GKKA-I Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Christian Purwanto Albert , Prasetyo Nugroho Didit
Published: November 2021

Pengenalan pengetahuan akan sejarah merupakan salah satu cara untuk memahami asal mula suatu kebudayaan maupun peradaban yang menjadi sebuah refleksi dari kejadian yang ada dimasa lampau agar dapat menjadi pedoman baik dimasa yang akan datang. Dalam Agama Kristen sejarah juga sebuah hal yang sangant penting. Salah satu sejarah yang mernarik yaitu sejarah yang berkaitan dengan reformasi Gereja. Tokoh yang cukup berpengaruh salah satunya yaitu John Calvin dari Perancis. Namun sayang sekali tidak semua orang memahami dan mengetahui mengenai sejarah reformasi Gereja. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan pengenalan sejak dini, terutama untuk anak usia 6-8 tahun. Dalam perancangan ini, Buku tersebut berbentuk buku cerita ilustrasi yang nantinya akan disajikan kepada anak Sekolah Minggu usia 6-8 tahun di GKKA-I Banjarbaru yang dimana gereja tersebut memliki latar belakang gereja reformed yang sesuai dengan tokoh dalam cerita tersebut. Buku dengan ukuran 21cm x 14,85cm tersebut, memiliki gaya ilustrasi flat design dengan outline. Dengan jumlah halaman sebanyak 24 halaman, dijilid soft cover, serta dimuat dalam bentuk fisik (cetak). Kesimpulan dari perancangan ini yaitu menyajikan sebuah cerita ilustrasi bergambar kepada anak Sekolah Minggu usia 6-8 tahun di GKKA-I Banjarbaru, yang mengakat kisah sejarah reformasi Gereja sebagai bentuik pengenalan untuk umat Kristen sejak usisa dini melaui media buku cerita ilustrasi, poster, PR package, Instagram feeds, stiker, tumbler, photocard, totebag, dan kaos dengan identitas perancangan.
Perlakuan Biaya Pendidikan dan Pelatihan pada Balai Diklat Keuangan Balikpapan : Pendekatan Activity Based Costing
Authors: Miswaty Miswaty , Lista Ade
Published: November 2021

Balai Diklat Keuangan Balikpapan adalah salah satu unit vertikal yang berada di bawah Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan yang memiliki tugas dan fungsi melaksanakan pendidikan dan pelatihan bagi Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Kementerian Keuangan melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan keuangan negara di daerah, dengan wilayah kerja  yaitu Kalimantan Timur, Kalimantan Utara, dan Kalimantan Selatan. Pada tahun 2019, pada tahun 2019 mengelola Daftar Isian Pelaksanaan Anggaran (DIPA) sebesar Rp10.515.220.000. Data realisasi dan capaian penyerapan DIPA pada Balai Diklat Keuangan Balikpapan sampai dengan akhir tahun anggaran 2019 yaitu sebesar Rp10.152.079.589. Pada tahun 2019 Balai Diklat Keuangan Balikpapan telah menyelenggarakan sebanyak 27 pelatihan dengan realisasi peserta sebanyak 956 peserta. Salah satu pelatihan yang diselenggarakan adalah Pelatihan Dasar (Latsar) CPNS Golongan II Periode II dengan rencana peserta 60 orang dan realisasi peserta sebanyak 59 orang atau sebesar 98,33%.

Terdapat perbedaan hasil perhitungan ABC System dengan Standar Biaya yang digunakan oleh Balai Diklat Keuangan Balikpapan. Perbedaan perhitungan terjadi karena dalam perhitungan sesuai Standar Biaya hanya menghitung biaya yang terkait secara langsung dengan diklat saja yaitu untuk komponen Direct Material dan Direct Labor, sedangkan perhitungan berdasarkan Activity Based Costing System menghitung seluruh biaya yang terkait dengan diklat yang berupa direct material, direct labor, dan factory overhead. Dengan demikian selisih diantara keduanya adalah senilai factory overhead.
Peningkatan Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata melalui Orientasi Pasar dan Strategi Competitive Advantage bagi Pemulihan Sektor Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba Indonesia
Authors: Silalahi Rut Juni Grace , Simanjuntak Mariana
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kinerja pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata menggunakan strategi competitive advantage. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi salah satu rekomendasi kepada pelaku UMKM Pariwisata dan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran UMKM khususnya bagi pemulihan sektor pariwisata. Pemilihan variabel diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap pelaku UMKM dan studi literatur. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari orientasi pasar (X1), orientasi kewirausahaan (X2), lingkungan (X3), strategi competitive advantage (Y1) dan kinerja pemasaran (Y2). Sampel penelitian menggunakan 100 pelaku UMKM Pariwisata. Metode yang digunakan adalah SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) dengan pendekatan PLS Versi 3. Hasil nilai R square menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh orientasi pasar, orientasi kewirausahaan, dan lingkungan terhadap kinerja pemasaran sebesar 76,1%. Pengaruh orientasi pasar, orientasi kewirausahaan, dan lingkungan terhadap strategi competitive advantage sebesar 74,8%. Hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa orientasi pasar dan strategi competitive advantage berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan kinerja pemasaran yang dijadikan sebagai variabel atau faktor untuk meningkatkan kinerja pemasarannya UMKM.
Implementasi Supply Chain Management pada PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk.
Authors: Wijaya Ryan Ariesco , Setiawati Novie Maria
Published: November 2021

Perkembangan dunia teknologi dalam globalisasi membawa dampak terhadap persaingan di dunia bisnis. Perusahaan berlomba-lomba untuk berkembangan dan mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar. Supply chain Management sangat dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan untuk membantu proses perkembangan perusahaan. PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk (CP Prima) sebagai perusahaan budidaya udang terdepan di Indonesia melakukan praktek supply chain management khususnya dalam hal pemilihan lokasi, teknologi pembibitan dan otomatisasi. Sebagai upaya dalam menjaga kualitas produksi dan manajemen, department audit internal serta department sistem dan prosedur. PT. Central Proteina Prima, Tbk. telah merancang dan memberlakukan sejumlah kebijakan dan mekanisme terkait pengendalian internal. PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk tidak lepas dari usaha mencapai keberlanjutan (sustainability) dari aspek lingkungan. PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk harus meningkatkan usaha mereka yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan di sepanjang supply chain supaya tetap terjaga. Secara keseluruhan, PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk sudah mengelola supply chain management dari hulu ke hilir dengan baik. Namun, masih perlu meningkatkan pengawasan terhadap kualitas air tambak binaannya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa departemen animal health service masih memerlukan SOP pembinaan yang lebih ketat.
Rancang Bangun Perangkat Keras Penunjuk Menggunakan Lengan Atas dengan Konektivitas Bluetooth
Authors: Giovanno Yusuf , Widodo Romy Budhi , Kelana Oesman Hendra
Published: November 2021

Perangkat penunjuk memberikan bantuan dalam pengoperasian komputer. Perancangan perangkat mouse menggunakan lengan atas bertujuan untuk membantu penyandang tunadaksa untuk mengoperasikan komputer dengan lebih baik. Prototipe mouse perlu dilengkapi dengan fasilitas klik untuk menggantikan tombol klik mouse. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti mana yang lebih baik penggunaan tombol klik di kaki kiri (prototipe A) atau kaki kanan (prototipe B). Sedangkan penggerak kursor sendiri menggunakan sensor di lengan atas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penilaian Fitts’ Law yang diterapkan oleh ISO 9241-411, pengujian dilakukan dengan 9 subjek non tunadaksa. Subjek melakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak untuk melakukan pengujian multi-directional tapping sesuai standar ISO 9241-411. Pengisian kuesioner untuk memperoleh data kualitatif dilakukan setelah pengujian menggunakan perangkat lunak. Penyaringan data dilakukan untuk menghilangkan galat, dan ketika data telah siap, dilakukan pengujian statistik untuk menguji performa, tingkat kenyamanan, dan tingkat kelelahan. Pengujian performa dilakukan menggunakan data Time of Movement dan Throughput, sedangkan untuk pengujian tingkat kenyamanan menggunakan Assessment of Comfort, dan untuk pengujian tingkat kelelahan menggunakan Assessment of Fatigue.
Interaction between Pre-School Children’s Physical Activity and Physical Fitness and Their Parents’ Physical Activity
Authors: Rutkauskaitė Renata , Daniusevičiūtė-Brazaitė Laura , Jaruševičiūtė Emilė
Published: November 2021

Background. Pre-school age is the period of especially fast growth and physical development, characterized by an intensive growth and development of a child’s organism, great changes in the activity of the functional systems, which is affected by increasing physical activeness and fitness (Grinienė & Vaitkevičius, 2009; Howells & Sääkslahti, 2019). Previous studies have identified parental influence as a factor that can shape a child’s physical self–perception and act as a stimulus for physical activity and fitness (Eddolls, McNarry, Stratton, & Mackintosh, 2016).  The aim of this study was to indicate physical activity of 5–6-year-old children and to determine the interaction between parents’ physical activity and physical fitness data.

Methods. The study involved pre-school age children (n = 59) from 5 to 6 years old: 31 girls and 21 boys; also, their parents (n = 101) were involved: 57 mothers and 44 fathers. Physical activity was measured objectively using the ActiGraph GT3X model. The children performed five physical fitness tests (PFT) according to the Eurofit methodology. Also, parents were asked to fill in questionnaires about their own and their children’s physical activity, and also subjective physical fitness.

Results. It turned out that there was a significant difference in the time spent in moderate and moderate to vigorous (MVPA) physical activity between 5 to 6-year-old children (p < .05). Comparing pre-school children’s physical fitness by gender we found that boys were more physically fit than girls when performing long jumps, but girls were more physically fit than boys when performing a sit and reach test (p < .05). Subjectively measured PA identified that 72.6% of parents (of both genders) were sufficiently physically active and 27.4% were inadequate physically active.

Conclusion. The results revealed that 6-year-old children spent more time in sedentary time than 5-year-olds, who accumulated more time in moderate and total MVPA physical activity per day. No significant relation was found between parents’ and children’s physical activity and fitness.

 

Keywords: physical activity, physical fitness, pre-school child, health, parents.
Expression of Sport Experiences between Cadet and Junior Basketball Players
Authors: Malinauskas Romualdas , Zablockis Šarūnas , Ajauskas Šarūnas
Published: November 2021

Background. The hypothesis of this study is formulated as follows: the experience of junior basketball players in competitions will be more valuable than that of cadet basketball players. The aim of our study was to examine the peculiarities of youth and basketball players’ sport experiences.

Methods. A total of 104 basketball players, 47 cadets and 57 juniors participated in the study. Survey questionnaire is used for the study. The following methodologies were used: Athlete’s Personal Experience Survey (Athletic Coping Skills Inventory, ACSI-28) and the Sport Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ).

Results. The results of the study revealed statistically significant differences (p <.05) in personal sport experiences (athletic endurance skills) among basketball players of different age groups according to the following indicators: the coach’s influence on basketball players, concentration, athletes’ self-confidence and resilience. The results of the study of athletes’ competitive experiences revealed that there were statistically significant differences (p <.05) between cadet and junior basketball players in competition experience. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of risk and progress parameters.

Conclusions. The coach’s influence was greater for the cadet basketball players. Concentration, self-confidence and resilience were better among junior basketball players. This shows that when competing, junior basketball players have higher levels of concentration compared to the cadet group, as they are more confident and can better cope with tension. In addition, it was found that the experience of junior basketball players in competitions is richer than that of cadet basketball players.

Keywords: sport experience, junior, cadet, basketball players, basketball.
‘I was listening … but did not succeed in hearing you’: Flann O’Brien, Ralph Cusack, and the Absurdities of Silent Musical Experience
Authors: Erraught Stan
Published: November 2021

The notion of soundless music seems contradictory, even absurd: the concept of soundless musical experience less so. In this article, I explore two quite different descriptions of this kind of experience as set out in two mid-twentieth-century Irish novels. In one, Flann O'Brien's The Third Policeman, the narrator watches one of the titular sergeants enjoy music that he – the narrator – cannot hear. In the second, Ralph Cusack's Cadenza, the narrator watches as a village priest mimes playing the piano on a café table, a performance he ‘hears’ and appreciates. Speculatively combining and extending these episodes, and using the figures of the philistine and the aesthete in Adorno's Aesthetic Theory as a key, I suggest that an anxiety about music and musical expression characterized the newly independent Ireland, an anxiety linked to wider concerns often read as ‘postcolonial’.
Il pretesto. Insegnare a leggere letteratura per realizzare di essere come tutti
Authors: Radici Tavernese Livia
Published: November 2021

Il presente contributo si propone di presentare un’attività didattica volta allo sviluppo e all’allenamento delle competenze di lettura e comprensione del testo letterario per allievi di 13/14 anni secondo un approccio induttivo. In particolare, l’attività è stata strutturata in tre momenti (preparazione alla lettura/ascolto, fruizione del testo, ritorno sul testo) e la riflessione degli allievi è stata stimolata attraverso l’uso di immagini e l’attenzione a locuzioni opportunamente individuate. Il confronto tra le ipotesi e le osservazioni degli allievi è risultato determinante allo scopo di entrare in empatia con i sentimenti evocati dal testo. Grazie all’apporto interpretativo attivo che i giovani lettori hanno offerto, si è realizzato il principio di intersoggettività e cooperazione tra autore e lettore.
Green recovery packages: a boost for environmental and climate work in the Swedish construction and building industry?
Authors: Enberg Cecilia , Ahlbäck Anders , Nordell Edvin
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to explore whether the green recovery packages issued by the Swedish government are aligned with the work of the construction and building industry to become climate-neutral by 2045. We have interviewed heads of sustainability of some of the largest companies in the industry and surveyed companies that have signed the Roadmap for a fossil-free construction and building industry1. Our results show that market-related challenges constitute the most important challenges to the environmental and climate work of the companies in our study. To better respond to these challenges, they require policies that reward frontrunners, primarily green public procurement, and tougher standards and norms. They also requested investments and policies that support the transition to a circular economy. We conclude that while green public procurement is not among the policies and investments included in the recovery packages, other parts are well aligned with the challenges encountered, requested investments and policies, and on-going work. This is particularly true for the above-mentioned investments related to the transition to a circular economy. Further, the study enables us to conclude that it is important to consider the long-term effects of green recovery packages and their potential for return-on-investment in terms of reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per SEK. Such packages will also have a better effect if they support on-going environmental and climate work, initiate new actions, and are designed with a systems perspective that facilitates joint action between different companies along the entire supply chain.
Human Platelet Lysate Maintains Stemness of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Promote Lung Repair in Rat Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Liao Guilian , Liao Yan , Li Duanduan , Fu Zeqin , Wu Shiduo , Cheng Danling , Ouyang Qiuxing , Tang Zan , Zeng Guifang , Liang Xiao , Xu Shaokun , Hu Junyuan , Liu Muyun
Published: November 2021

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show potential for treating preclinical models of newborn bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but studies of their therapeutic effectiveness have had mixed results, in part due to the use of different media supplements for MSCs expansionin vitro. The current study sought to identify an optimal culture supplement of umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) for BPD therapy. In this study, we found that UC-MSCs cultured with human platelet lysate (hPL-UCMSCs) were maintained a small size from Passage 1 (P1) to P10, while UC-MSCs cultured with fetal bovine serum (FBS-UCMSCs) became wide and flat. Furthermore, hPL was associated with lower levels of senescence in UC-MSCs duringin vitroexpansion compared with FBS, as indicated by the results of β-galactosidase staining and measures of senescence-related genes (CDKN2A, CDKN1A, and mTOR). In addition, hPL enhanced the proliferation and cell viability of the UC-MSCs and reduced their doubling timein vitro. Compared with FBS-UCMSCs, hPL-UCMSCs have a greater potential to differentiate into osteocytes and chondrocytes. Moreover, using hPL resulted in greater expression of Nestin and specific paracrine factors (VEGF, TGF-β1, FGF2, IL-8, and IL-6) in UC-MSCs compared to using FBS. Critically, we also found that hPL-UCMSCs are more effective than FBS-UCMSCs for the treatment of BPD in a rat model, with hPL leading to improvements in survival rate, lung architecture and fibrosis, and lung capillary density. Finally, qPCR of rat lung mRNA demonstrated that hPL-UCMSCs had lower expression levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) and a key chemokine (MCP-1) at postnatal day 10, and there was significant reduction of CD68+macrophages in lung tissue after hPL-UCMSCs transplantation. Altogether, our findings suggest that hPL is an optimal culture supplement for UC-MSCs expansionin vitro, and that hPL-UCMSCs promote lung repair in rat BPD disease.
Spatiotemporal Variation of Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotopes in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin, Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yan Ya-Ni , Zhang Jun-Wen , Zhang Wei , Zhang Gui-Shan , Guo Jian-Yang , Zhang Dong , Wu Jie , Zhao Zhi-Qi
Published: November 2021

Characterization of spatiotemporal variation of the stable isotopes δ18O and δD in surface water is essential to trace the water cycle, indicate moisture sources, and reconstruct paleoaltimetry. In this study, river water, rainwater, and groundwater samples were collected in the Yarlung Tsangpo River (YTR) Basin before (BM) and after the monsoon precipitation (AM) to investigate the δ18O and δD spatiotemporal variation of natural water. Most of the river waters are distributed along GMWL and the line of d-excess = 10‰, indicating that they are mainly originated from precipitation. Temporally, the δ18O and δD of river water are higher in BM series (SWL: δD = 10.26δ18O+43.01, R2 = 0.98) than AM series (SWL: δD = 9.10δ18O + 26.73, R2 = 0.82). Spatially, the isotopic compositions of tributaries increase gradually from west to east (BM: δ18O = 0.65Lon (°)-73.89, R2 = 0.79; AM: δ18O = 0.45Lon (°)-57.81, R2 = 0.70) and from high altitude to low (BM: δ18O = −0.0025Alt(m)-73.89, R2 = 0.66; AM: δ18O = −0.0018Alt(m)-10.57, R2 = 0.58), which conforms to the “continent effect” and “altitude effect” of precipitation. In the lower reaches of the mainstream, rainwater is the main source, so the variations of δ18O and δD are normally elevated with the flow direction. Anomalously, in the middle reaches, the δ18Omainstream and δDmainstream values firstly increase and then decrease. From the Saga to Lhaze section, the higher positive values of δ18Omainstream are mainly caused by groundwater afflux, which has high δ18O and low d-excess values. The δ18Omainstream decrease from the Lhaze to Qushui section is attributed to the combined action of the import of depleted 18O and D groundwater and tributaries. Therefore, because of the recharge of groundwater with markedly different δ18O and δD values, the mainstream no longer simply inherits the isotopic composition from precipitation. These results suggest that in the YTR Basin, if the δ18O value of surface water is used to trace moisture sources or reconstruct the paleoaltimetry, it is necessary to rule out the influence from groundwater.
MIA SH3 Domain ER Export Factor 3 Deficiency Prevents Neointimal Formation by Restoring BAT-Like PVAT and Decreasing VSMC Proliferation and Migration
Authors: Lei Yu , Xu Jianfei , Li Mengju , Meng Ting , Chen Meihua , Yang Yongfeng , Li Hongda , Zhuang Tao , Zuo Junli
Published: November 2021

Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and excessive accumulation of dysfunctional PVAT are hallmarks of pathogenesis after angioplasty. Recent genome-wide association studies reveal that single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in MIA3 is associated with atherosclerosis-relevant VSMC phenotypes. However, the role of MIA3 in the vascular remodeling response to injury remains unknown. Here, we found that expression of MIA3 is increased in proliferative VSMCs and knockdown of MIA3 reduces VSMCs proliferation, migration, and inflammation, whereas MIA3 overexpression promoted VSMC migration and proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of MIA3 ameliorates femoral artery wire injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia and increases brown-like perivascular adipocytes. Collectively, the data suggest that MIA3 deficiency prevents neointimal formation by decreasing VSMC proliferation, migration, and inflammation and maintaining BAT-like perivascular adipocytes in PVAT during injury-induced vascular remodeling, which provide a potential therapeutic target for preventing neointimal hyperplasia in proliferative vascular diseases.
Consensus Guidelines for Improving Quality of Assessment and Training for Neuromuscular Diseases
Authors: Duong Tina , Krosschell Kristin J. , James Meredith K. , Nelson Leslie , Alfano Lindsay N. , Eichinger Katy , Mazzone Elena , Rose Kristy , Lowes Linda P. , Mayhew Anna , Florence Julaine , King Wendy , Senesac Claudia R. , Eagle Michelle
Published: November 2021

Critical components of successful evaluation of clinical outcome assessments (COAs) in multisite clinical trials and clinical practice are standardized training, administration, and documented reliability of scoring. Experiences of evaluators, alongside patient differences from regional standards of care, may contribute to heterogeneity in clinical center’s expertise. Achieving low variability and high reliability of COA is fundamental to clinical research and to give confidence in our ability to draw rational, interpretable conclusions from the data collected. The objective of this manuscript is to provide a framework to guide the learning process for COAs for use in clinics and clinical trials to maximize reliability and validity of COAs in neuromuscular disease (NMD). This is a consensus-based guideline with contributions from fourteen leading experts in clinical outcomes and the field of clinical outcome training in NMD. This framework should guide reliable and valid assessments in NMD specialty clinics and clinical trials. This consensus aims to expedite study start up with a progressive training pathway ranging from research naïve to highly experienced clinical evaluators. This document includes recommendations for education guidelines and roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders in COA assessment and implementation to ensure quality and consistency of outcome administration across different settings.
High Densities of a Prochlorophyte (Unresolved Species) Inhibit Grazing by the Herbivorous Copepod Parvocalanus crassirostris
Authors: Ma Xiao , Jacoby Charles A. , Johnson Kevin B.
Published: November 2021

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing in frequency and severity, underscoring the importance of understanding potential top-down controls of blooms. In the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), a shallow subtropical estuary, one harmful bloom was co-dominated by an unresolved prochlorophyte in the Family Prochlorothricaceae, which reached densities of > 106 cells ml–1 engendering the term “Superbloom.” Experiments were conducted to evaluate grazing rates and the potential for top-down control by an abundant herbivorous copepod, Parvocalanus crassirostris, on the prochlorophyte. Those grazing rates were lower than the rates on a palatable alternative algal food, Isochrysis galbana, when both algal species were presented in monocultures with identical densities. Grazing on the prochlorophyte decreased or ceased at densities over 4.8 × 105 cells ml–1. When the prochlorophyte and the palatable alternative each comprised half of the total density, both species were consumed, but grazing on I. galbana was reduced compared to the grazing rates in a monoculture of this species, especially at higher cell densities. Copepod mortality was observed in treatments with high concentrations of the prochlorophyte, and these treatments contained mucilage. Experiments simulating viscosities produced by prochlorophyte mucilage yielded results consistent with the original grazing experiments (i.e., copepods showed lower grazing rates and higher mortality rates in higher viscosity treatments). Results reveal potential limitations of top-down controls by this grazer on prochlorophyte blooms and HABs that produce mucilage.
Impact of Giant Cell Arteritis and Its Treatment on the Patient's Quality of Life: A Single-Center Self-Assessment Study
Authors: de Boysson Hubert , Barakat Clivia , Dumont Anael , Boutemy Jonathan , Martin Silva Nicolas , Maigné Gwénola , Nguyen Alexandre , Lavergne Amandine , Castan Paul , Gallou Sophie , Sultan Audrey , Deshayes Samuel , Aouba Achille
Published: November 2021

Little is known about the impact of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and its treatment on patient-reported physical, mental, and psychic quality of life (QoL). In this monocentric study, a questionnaire was sent to the 100 last patients diagnosed with GCA and followed-up in a single tertiary center. Their physical, mental and psychic status were self-assessed via close-ended questions, the 12-item short form survey (SF-12) and the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS). We aimed to identify parameters that were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe disability in both physical and mental domains. Ninety patients were analyzable. Moderate to severe physical disability was found in 41 (46%) patients. In multivariate analysis, walking difficulties (OR, 95% CI 8.42 [2.98–26.82], p <0.0001), muscle mass and strength reduction (OR, 95% CI 4.38 [1.37–16.31], p = 0.01) and age >80 (OR, 95% CI 4.21 [1.44–13.61], p = 0.008) were independent findings associated with moderate to severe physical disability. Moderate to severe mental disability was found in 30 (33%) patients. In multivariate analysis, depressive mood (OR, 95% CI 11.05 [3.78–37.11], p < 0.0001), felt adverse events attributable to glucocorticoids (OR, 95% CI 10.54 [1.65–213.1], p = 0.01) and use of immune-suppressants (OR, 95% CI 3.50 [1.14–11.87], p = 0.03) were independent findings associated with moderate to severe mental disability. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between GDS and the physical and/or mental disability scores (GDS and PCS-12: r = −0.33, p = 0.0013; GDS and MCS-12: r = −0.36, p = 0.0005). In conclusion, this study identified via a self-assessment of patients with GCA some medical and modifiable findings that significantly affect their physical and mental quality of life. A better knowledge of these factors may help improve the care of GCA patients.
Bacteria Cultivated From Sponges and Bacteria Not Yet Cultivated From Sponges—A Review
Authors: Dat Ton That Huu , Steinert Georg , Cuc Nguyen Thi Kim , Smidt Hauke , Sipkema Detmer
Published: November 2021

The application of high-throughput microbial community profiling as well as “omics” approaches unveiled high diversity and host-specificity of bacteria associated with marine sponges, which are renowned for their wide range of bioactive natural products. However, exploration and exploitation of bioactive compounds from sponge-associated bacteria have been limited because the majority of the bacteria remains recalcitrant to cultivation. In this review, we (i) discuss recent/novel cultivation techniques that have been used to isolate sponge-associated bacteria, (ii) provide an overview of bacteria isolated from sponges until 2017 and the associated culture conditions and identify the bacteria not yet cultured from sponges, and (iii) outline promising cultivation strategies for cultivating the uncultivated majority of bacteria from sponges in the future. Despite intensive cultivation attempts, the diversity of bacteria obtained through cultivation remains much lower than that seen through cultivation-independent methods, which is particularly noticeable for those taxa that were previously marked as “sponge-specific” and “sponge-enriched.” This poses an urgent need for more efficient cultivation methods. Refining cultivation media and conditions based on information obtained from metagenomic datasets and cultivation under simulated natural conditions are the most promising strategies to isolate the most wanted sponge-associated bacteria.
Effect of Different Regions and Ensiling Periods on Fermentation Quality and the Bacterial Community of Whole-Plant Maize Silage
Authors: Huang Yuan , Liang Longfei , Dai Sheng , Wu Changrong , Chen Chao , Hao Jun
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to explore the changes in the microbial community on the silage material surface and during the ensiling process of whole-plant maize in different regions. Whole-plant maize silages were sampled in Ziyun, Guanling, and Weinning counties within warm and humid climate areas in southern China. Silages were sampled at 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 45 days during ensiling. The nutritional components, fermentation properties, and microbiomes were examined to evaluate the influence of sampling area and fermentation time on the quality of silage. The results showed that the pH values of all silages significantly decreased (<4.2 at ensiling day 2) during fermentation and all silages achieved satisfactory fermentation at 45 days. Butyric acid was not detected during ensiling, and the contents of acetic acid and ammonia nitrogen in the final silages were below 6 g/kg DM and 50 g/kg total nitrogen, respectively. Weissella was the dominant epiphytic bacteria of raw material in Ziyun and Weinning, while Lactobacillus was prevalent in Guanling. Lactobacillus dominated the ensiling process, and its abundance significantly increased with increasing fermentation time in the three groups. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with pH of all silages (p < 0.05) and positively correlated with lactic acid, propionic acid and acetic acid (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the bacterial community was significantly correlated with environmental factors. Altitude had a highly positive correlation with the abundance of Stenotrophomonas, Chryseobacterium, and Massilia (p < 0.01), while precipitation was negatively correlated with these bacteria. The humidity and average temperature significantly influenced the Lactobacillus and Weissella abundances of fresh whole-plant maize. During the ensiling process, the silages from three regions had similar bacterial dynamic changes, and the Lactobacillus formed and maintained good fermentation characteristics in whole-plant maize silage.
Electroencephalogram-Based Complexity Measures as Predictors of Post-operative Neurocognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Acker Leah , Ha Christine , Zhou Junhong , Manor Brad , Giattino Charles M. , Roberts Ken , Berger Miles , Wright Mary Cooter , Colon-Emeric Cathleen , Devinney Michael , Au Sandra , Woldorff Marty G. , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Whitson Heather E.
Published: November 2021

Physiologic signals such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) demonstrate irregular behaviors due to the interaction of multiple control processes operating over different time scales. The complexity of this behavior can be quantified using multi-scale entropy (MSE). High physiologic complexity denotes health, and a loss of complexity can predict adverse outcomes. Since postoperative delirium is particularly hard to predict, we investigated whether the complexity of preoperative and intraoperative frontal EEG signals could predict postoperative delirium and its endophenotype, inattention. To calculate MSE, the sample entropy of EEG recordings was computed at different time scales, then plotted against scale; complexity is the total area under the curve. MSE of frontal EEG recordings was computed in 50 patients ≥ age 60 before and during surgery. Average MSE was higher intra-operatively than pre-operatively (p= 0.0003). However, intraoperative EEG MSE was lower than preoperative MSE at smaller scales, but higher at larger scales (interactionp< 0.001), creating a crossover point where, by definition, preoperative, and intraoperative MSE curves met. Overall, EEG complexity was not associated with delirium or attention. In 42/50 patients with single crossover points, the scale at which the intraoperative and preoperative entropy curves crossed showed an inverse relationship with delirium-severity score change (Spearman ρ = −0.31,p= 0.054). Thus, average EEG complexity increases intra-operatively in older adults, but is scale dependent. The scale at which preoperative and intraoperative complexity is equal (i.e., the crossover point) may predict delirium. Future studies should assess whether the crossover point represents changes in neural control mechanisms that predispose patients to postoperative delirium.
LTF Regulates the Immune Microenvironment of Prostate Cancer Through JAK/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Zhao Qi , Cheng Yingying , Xiong Ying
Published: November 2021

Background

The study of the immune microenvironment in prostate cancer (PRAD) has brought new opportunities for the current traditional treatment regimens. Therefore, our goal is to develop a universal immunodiagnostic marker to improve patient survival.

Methods

Bioinformatics analysis: We collected 591 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts and evaluated the abundance and distribution of immune cell members in the PRAD expression profile matrix in the mixed cell population by CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and other methods. The target genes related to PRAD immune microenvironment and tumor mutation load were obtained by overlap analysis and verified by pan-cancer analysis. Cell experiment: The cell transfection scheme was designed, and the experiment was divided into three groups: overexpressing lactoferrin (LTF) group, empty plasmid group, and control group. After obtaining cells in each group, the gene and protein expression levels of LTF and signal transduction of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the above three groups were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Finally, the level of GM-CSF secretion in the three groups was detected by ELISA.

Results

Macrophages, resting mast cells, and plasma cells play an important role in PRAD immune microenvironment. In addition, high tumor mutation load [tumor mutational burden (TMB)] was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients with PRAD. As the core gene of the PRAD immune microenvironment, the low expression of LTF in PRAD promotes the occurrence of immunodeficiency, PRAD, and the enrichment of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT3 signal pathway. Through cell experiments, it was found that the content of LTF mRNA and protein increased significantly, while the content of STAT3 and GM-CSF mRNA and protein decreased significantly in the overexpressed LTF group. The level of GM-CSF in the supernatant of cell culture was significantly decreased in the overexpression group of LTF.

Conclusion

The core gene we proposed is one of the most promising biomarkers to improve the overall survival rate of PRAD and provides an important theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of the LTF-mediated JAK/STAT3 pathway in PRAD.
Survival Outcomes of Local Compared With Systemic First Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Liu Hong-Mei , Meng Chun-Liu , Zhao Lu-Jun
Published: November 2021

Objective

This retrospective study evaluated the survival advantage of local treatment targeted to brain metastases, relative to systemic therapy, as the first option for brain metastases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

First reviewed were 291 cases of NSCLC brain metastases from two centers. All patients were at least 18 years old, with histologically confirmed NSCLC, and required and underwent both local (radiotherapy or brain surgery) and systemic treatment (chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI] medication). Demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment-related variables were collected.

Results

The final population comprised 160 patients. Overall, the multivariate analysis suggested that the following were associated with better survival: >3 cycles of chemotherapy; stereotactic radiosurgery; and TKI medication (all, P = 0.000). Local treatment that began within 1 week of the diagnosis of brain metastases was associated with poorer survival (P = 0.006). Among the 111 patients with symptomatic brain metastases, the multivariate analysis indicated that better survival was associated with >3 cycles of chemotherapy (P = 0.000), radiation dose >40 Gy (P = 0.001), stereotactic radiosurgery (P = 0.000), and TKI medication (P = 0.000), while local treatment that began within 1 week after the diagnosis of brain metastases was associated with poorer survival (P = 0.015).

Conclusions

For patients with NSCLC brain metastases, regardless of the presence of clinical symptoms associated with brain metastases, systemic treatment before local may be better for survival. Even when used to relieve clinical symptoms, local treatment should be within a setting of sufficient systemic treatment.
Carfilzomib: A Promising Proteasome Inhibitor for the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Jayaweera Shansa Pranami E. , Wanigasinghe Kanakanamge Sacheela Prasadi , Rajalingam Dharshika , Silva Gayathri N.
Published: November 2021

The proteasome is crucial for the degradation of intracellular proteins and plays an important role in mediating a number of cell survival and progression events by controlling the levels of key regulatory proteins such as cyclins and caspases in both normal and tumor cells. However, compared to normal cells, cancer cells are more dependent on the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP) due to the accumulation of proteins in response to uncontrolled gene transcription, allowing proteasome to become a potent therapeutic target for human cancers such as multiple myeloma (MM). Up to date, three proteasome inhibitors namely bortezomib (2003), carfilzomib (2012) and ixazomib (2015) have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with relapsed and/or refractory MM. This review mainly focuses on the biochemical properties, mechanism of action, toxicity profile and pivotal clinical trials related to carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor that binds irreversibly with proteasome to overcome the major toxicities and resistance associated with bortezomib.