bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between apathy and comprehensive frailty as assessed by the Kihon Checklist among community‐dwelling Japanese older adults
Authors: Maruta Michio , Shimokihara Suguru , Makizako Hyuma , Ikeda Yuriko , Han Gwanghee , Akasaki Yoshihiko , Hidaka Yuma , Kamasaki Taishiro , Kubozono Takuro , Ohishi Mitsuru , Tabira Takayuki
Published: June 2022

Background

Frailty is a multidimensional condition characterised by reduced physical and psychological resilience. Older adults also frequently demonstrate apathy, suggesting that it shares similar neuro‐physiological pathways with frailty. This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the association between apathy and frailty as defined by a comprehensive assessment.

Methods

We analyzed 882 older adults (mean age: 74.4 ± 6.4 years; 62.1% female) who participated in a community‐based health check survey (Tarumizu Study). Apathy was measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale‐3A, a three‐item subset of the Geriatric Depression Scale‐15, and frailty by the Kihon Checklist of physical, psychological, functional, and social status. Associations were examined by multinomial logistic regression with frailty status (robust, pre‐frailty, frailty) as the dependent variable, apathy as the independent variable, and sociodemographic factors, medications, cognitive function, functional capacity, and mood symptoms as potential confounders.

Results

Apathy was observed in 23.7% of individuals, and logistic regression revealed significant associations with both pre‐frailty and frailty after confounder adjustment (pre‐frailty: odds ratio (OR) 1.80, 95% CI 1.22–2.64; frailty: OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.63–6.42). Participants with apathy also exhibited greater deficits in the Kihon Checklist subdomains instrumental activities of daily living (P = 0.022), physical function (P < 0.001), oral function (P < 0.001), and cognitive function (P = 0.001).

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the importance of comprehensive frailty assessment and demonstrate that apathy can have pervasive deleterious effects on geriatric health.
Framing market‐based versus regulatory climate policies: A comparative analysis
Authors: Young Kayla M. , Gurganus Kayla , Raymond Leigh
Published: June 2022

An active debate has emerged about the political viability of market‐based versus non‐market‐based policies to address climate change. As carbon pricing policies face significant political challenges, some have argued that regulatory policies are a better option because they do not highlight consumer energy prices and can be linked to other economic and social priorities. Yet, no study has compared communication strategies for regulatory versus price‐based climate policies in practice. This paper fills that gap through a qualitative content analysis of framing strategies for Ontario's 2016 cap‐and‐trade program for greenhouse gas emissions, and Virginia's 2020 clean energy mandate. Results largely confirm the paper's primary hypothesis that similar financial frames will be used as or more frequently for the regulatory policy as for the price‐based policy, complicating any theory that regulatory policies will face an easier political path due to their different messaging options.
Does mathematics anxiety moderate the effect of problem difficulty on cognitive effort?
Authors: Throndsen Terje Ulv , Lindskog Marcus , Niemivirta Markku , Mononen Riikka
Published: June 2022

A negative relationship between mathematics anxiety (MA) and mathematics performance is well documented. One suggested explanation for this relationship is that MA interferes with the cognitive processes needed when solving mathematics problems. A demand for using more cognitive effort (e.g., when performing harder mathematics problems), can be traced as an increase in pupil dilation during the performance. However, we lack knowledge of how MA affects this relationship between the problem difficulty and cognitive effort. This study investigated, for the first time, if MA moderates the effect of arithmetic (i.e., multiplication) problem difficulty on cognitive effort. Thirty‐four university students from Norway completed multiplication tasks, including three difficulty levels of problems, while their cognitive effort was also measured by means of pupil dilation using an eye tracker. Further, the participants reported their MA using a questionnaire, and arithmetic competence, general intelligence, and working memory were measured with paper‐pencil tasks. A linear mixed model analysis showed that the difficulty level of the multiplication problems affected the cognitive effort so that the pupil dilated more with harder multiplication problems. However, we did not find a moderating effect of MA on cognitive effort, when controlling for arithmetic competence, general intelligence, and working memory. This suggests that MA does not contribute to cognitive effort when solving multiplication problems.
Kidney transplant from hepatitis C viremic donors into aviremic recipients and risk for post‐transplant BK and cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Daloul Reem , Schnelle Kendra , Von Stein Lauren , Logan April , Singh Priyamvada , Yenebere Priya , Pesavento Todd , Washburn Kenneth
Published: June 2022

Background

kidney transplantation from Hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremic donors to uninfected recipients is associated with excellent short‐term outcomes. However, HCV viremia might be associated with an increased risk for post‐transplant viral complications.

Methods

We designed a retrospective study of HCV‐negative kidney‐only transplant recipients between 2018 and 2020. Recipients were grouped into group 1; HCV‐negative donors, and group 2; HCV‐viremic donors. Patients were matched 1:1 using propensity score. The primary objectives were to compare the incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia ≥ 200 ml/IU, and BK viremia ≥1000 copies/ml between the groups. Secondary outcomes included group comparison of CMV disease, BK viremia ≥10 000 copies/ml, and 1‐year patient and allograft survival.

Results

The study included 634 patients in group 1, and 71 patients in group 2. Sixty‐five pairs of patients were matched. Incidence of CMV viremia (33.3% vs. 40.0%, p = .4675), and BK viremia (15.9% vs. 27.7%, p = .1353) did not differ significantly between groups in the matched cohort. Incidence of CMV disease (81.0% vs. 76.9%, p = 1.000), and BK viremia ≥10 000 copies/ml (9.5% vs. 16.9%, p = .2987) were comparable between groups. There was no difference in the 1‐year patient or allograft survival between groups.

Conclusion

kidney transplant from HCV‐viremic donors is not associated with increased risk for BK or CMV viremia.

image
Over‐transfusion with blood for suspected hemorrhagic shock is not associated with worse clinical outcomes
Authors: Gelbard Rondi B. , Griffin Russell L. , Reynolds Lindy , Abraham Peter , Warner Jeffrey , Hu Parker , Kerby Jeffrey D. , Uhlich Rindi , Marques Marisa B. , Jansen Jan O. , Holcomb John B.
Published: June 2022

Background

We evaluated patient outcomes after early, small volume red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in the setting of presumed hemorrhagic shock. We hypothesized that transfusion with even small amounts of blood would be associated with more complications.

Study design and methods

Retrospective review of trauma patients admitted to a Level 1 trauma center between 2016–2021. Patients predicted to require massive transfusion who survived ≥72 h were categorized according to units of RBCs transfused in the first 24 h. A Cox regression model stratified by dichotomized ISS and adjusted for SBP <90 mm Hg and pulse >120 bpm on arrival was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes of interest.

Results

A total of 3121 (24%) received RBC transfusion within the first 24 h. Massive transfusion protocol (MTP) was activated in 38% (1188/3121): 17% received no RBCs, 27.4% 1–3 units, 32.4% 4–9 units, and 22.7% ≥10 units. Mean ISS increased with each category of RBC transfusion. There was no difference in the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), infection, cardiac arrest, venous thromboembolism or stroke for patients receiving 1–3 units compared to the non‐transfused group or 4–9 units group (p > 0.05). Compared to those receiving ≥10 units, the 1–3 units group had a significantly lower risk of AKI, ARDS, and cardiac arrest.

Discussion

Early empiric RBC transfusion for presumed hemorrhagic shock may subject patients to potential over‐transfusion and end‐organ damage. Among patients meeting clinical triggers for MTP, 1–3 units of allogeneic RBCs is not associated with worse outcomes.
Attitudes of American adult women toward accepting RhD‐mismatched transfusions in bleeding emergencies
Authors: Yu Gabriel , Siegler Jeffrey , Hayes Jane , Yazer Mark H. , Spinella Philip C.
Published: June 2022

Background

There is an increasing literature demonstrating the benefits of prehospital and early in‐hospital transfusions. RhD‐positive products might only be available during these phases, which could pose consequences for future pregnancies if D‐alloimmunization occurs. This survey measured the willingness of females to accept urgent but incompatible transfusions in light of the potential for future pregnancy complications.

Methods

A survey was designed to assess the willingness of females ≥18 years of age to accept urgent incompatible transfusions when different absolute risk reductions in maternal mortality were presented along with a static rate of 0.3%–4.0% risk of harm to future pregnancies. The survey was sent electronically to women who are part of the Washington University Research Enhancement Core database.

Results

A total of 4896 delivered survey email invitations were distributed and 325 (6.6%) responses were received; 16 responses were excluded leaving 309 responses for analysis. Most of the responding women were White, college‐educated, and lived in Missouri. At least 90% of the respondents would accept an urgent incompatible transfusion when the absolute risk reduction in maternal mortality was ≥4%. Women without a college degree, who lived in Illinois, who were not able to have children appeared to be less willing than their counterparts to receive an incompatible transfusion when the absolute risk reduction in maternal mortality was low.

Conclusion

This survey demonstrated that adult women are highly likely to be open to accept urgent incompatible blood transfusions during a bleeding emergency when the absolute risk reduction in maternal mortality was ≥4%.
Securing the IoT System of Smart City against Cyber Threats Using Deep Learning
Authors: Saba Tanzila , Khan Amjad Rehman , Sadad Tariq , Hong Seng-phil
Published: June 2022

The idea of a smart city is to connect physical objects or things with sensors, software, electronics, and Internet connectivity for data communication through the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. IoT enhances productivity and efficacy intelligently using remote management, but the risk of security and privacy increases. Cyber threats are advancing day by day, causing insufficient measures of security and confidentiality. As the hackers use the Internet, several IoT vulnerabilities are introduced, demanding new security measures in the IoT devices of the smart city. The threads concerned with IoT need to be reduced for efficient Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). As a result, machine learning algorithms generate correct outputs from a large and complicated dataset. The output of machine learning could be used to detect anomalies in IoT‐network systems. This paper employed several machine learning classifiers and a deep learning model for intrusion detection using seven datasets of the TON_IoT telemetry dataset. The proposed IDS achieved an accuracy of 99.7% using Thermostat, GPS Tracker, Garage Door, and Modbus datasets via voting classifier.
An Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy of Early Dynamic Orthosis after Finger Extensor Digitorum Rupture
Authors: Lu Guiwei , Sun Xu , Cao Jijianxiong , Han Shifeng , Jiang Su
Published: June 2022

Objective. The main objective is to compare the clinical efficacy of the early use of dynamic orthosis in patients with a finger extensor digitorum rupture. Methods. A total of 50 patients with hand and foot trauma who received surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2017 to February 2021 were selected, and two patients were excluded from the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (group A) was treated with plaster fixation and routine rehabilitation, and the study group (group B) underwent dynamic low-temperature thermoplastic plate fixation and routine rehabilitation. Total active motion (TAM) and total passive motion (TPM) of the injured finger before treatment, one month after treatment, two months after treatment, and after corrective treatment were compared. Results. After treatment following a finger extensor digitorum rupture, the TAM and TPM of the injured fingers increased significantly in both groups. The TAM and TPM in group B were significantly better than those in group A after one and two months of treatment (

P
<
0.05

). After two months of treatment, the rates of improvement in TAM and TPM in group B were significantly higher than those in group A. Conclusion. The early use of dynamic orthosis can significantly improve the motor function and motion amplitude of the injured finger, increase the elasticity and extension of the finger extensor digitorum, and promote the recovery of muscle strength. It is an effective corrective method for tendon contracture after finger extensor digitorum rupture and has great value in clinical application.
Optimization of Dechlorination Experiment Design Using Lightweight Deep Learning Model
Authors: Peng Jianghua , Tan Houzhang
Published: June 2022

This exploration intends to remove chloride ions in production and life, enhance buildings’ durability, and protect the natural environment from pollution. The current dechlorination technology is discussed based on the relevant theories, such as the lightweight deep learning (DL) model and chloride ion characteristics. Next, data statistics and comparative analysis methods are used to study the adsorption and desorption performance of dechlorination adsorbents. Finally, the lightweight DL model is introduced into the chloride diffusion prediction experiment of slag powder and fly ash concrete. The results show that in the study of dechlorination adsorption performance, the chloride ion concentration decreases gradually with the extension of adsorption time. However, with the increasing temperature, the chloride ion removal rate is increasing. The removal rate of chloride ions in water can decrease slowly with the increase of adsorbent. Therefore, selecting the 2 mol/L sodium hydroxide as the alkali concentration for adsorbent regeneration is the most appropriate. Besides, the regeneration performance of the adsorbent gradually declines with the increase of sodium chloride concentration in the solution. The lightweight DL model is applied to the chloride diffusion prediction experiment of slag powder and fly ash concrete. It is found that when the curing age is selected at 18 days, 90 days, and 180 days, respectively, the error between the lightweight DL model and the experimental results is about 0.2. It shows that the lightweight DL model is feasible for predicting the diffusion of chloride ions. Therefore, this exploration designs and studies the dechlorination experiment based on the lightweight DL model, which provides a new theoretical basis and optimization direction for removing chloride ions in the future industry.
Gas Flow Characteristics through Irregular Particle Bed with the Vertical Confined Wall for Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Zhang Sizong , Wen Zhi , Liu Xunliang , Xing Yi , Zhang Hui
Published: June 2022

The vertical waste heat recovery technology of the sinter in the iron and steel industry will be a great driving force for China to realize the “double Carbon” in the near future. For promoting the application of the new technology, the influence of the confined wall on the pressure distribution and pressure drops of the gas flow in the sinter bed was experimentally studied. For the irregular sinter with the rough surface, the gas pressure near the wall is higher than that at the center. Moreover, the radial distribution of the dimensionless pressure is nearly the same at different gas velocities. Therefore, whatever flow state the gas is in, the wall effect on irregular sinters only reduces the pressure drop of the gas flow, which is different from that on spherical particles. The vertical wall limits the randomness and uniformity of the particle accumulation, which is further intensified with the increase of the particle irregularity and particle size. Therefore, the confined wall causes a greater difference in the gas pressure between the wall and the center. With the particle size increasing from 5~10 mm to 55~60 mm, the ratio of the gas pressure between the wall and the center increases from 1.03 to 1.26. If the wall effect is ignored, the pressure drop of the gas flow would be overestimated by 16.01% on average, whereas the correlation of the wall correction can well predict the pressure drop with the mean error and maximum error of 2.74% and 9.48%, respectively.
State of the Art on Artificial Intelligence in Land Use Simulation
Authors: Castro M. Luz , Machado Penousal , Santos Iria , Rodriguez-Fernandez Nereida , Torrente-Patiño Alvaro , Carballal Adrian
Published: June 2022

This review presents a state of the art in artificial intelligence applied to urban planning and particularly to land‐use predictions. In this review, different articles after the year 2016 are analyzed mostly focusing on those that are not mentioned in earlier publications. Most of the articles analyzed used a combination of Markov chains and cellular automata to predict the growth of urban areas and metropolitan regions. We noticed that most of these simulations were applied in various areas of China. An analysis of the publication of articles in the area over time is included.
Multiple Mechanisms of Shenqi Pill in Treating Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Tong Xiaojuan , Xu Sumei , Zhai Dong
Published: June 2022

Background. Shenqi pill (SQP), a traditional Chinese prescription, has proven to be effective in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, its bioactive ingredients and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Aim. We aimed to predict the active compounds, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of SQP anti-NAFLD by applying network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. Methods. Active ingredients and related targets of SQP were obtained from the TCMSP database. Potential targets of NAFLD were acquired from OMIM and GeneCards databases. The STRING database and Cytoscape software analyzed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and core targets of overlapping genes between SQP and NAFLD. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed in the DAVID database. Finally, molecular docking was employed to find possible binding conformations of macromolecular targets. Results. 15 anti-NAFLD bioactive ingredients and 99 anti-NAFLD potential targets of SQP were determined using Network pharmacology. Quercetin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, diosgenin, and tetrahydroalstonine were the major active ingredients and AKT1, TNF, MAPK8, IL-6, and VEGFA were the key target proteins against NAFLD. The KEGG analysis suggested that the main pathways included PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. Molecular docking predicted that quercetin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, diosgenin, and tetrahydroalstonine could bind with AKT1, TNF, and MAPK8. Conclusion. This study successfully predicts the active compounds, potential targets, and signaling pathways of SQP against NAFLD. Moreover, this study contributed to the application and development of SQP.
BP Neural Network Algorithm Based on Big Data for Monitoring and Early Warning of China’s Public Finance
Authors: Zhao Zongtao , Dong Min , Bian Qian
Published: June 2022

Public finance plays an important role in the development and construction of the country. Public finance is derived from and used by the people. On the one hand, public finance mainly comes from national taxes and the income of some state-owned enterprises or state-owned assets. On the other hand, public finance is used for national infrastructure, military investment, scientific and technological research and development, national daily operation, and other expenses. Therefore, the state of public finance is closely related to people's lives, and it is also one of the basic symbols of a country's prosperity and strength. How to ensure that the country's public finance is in a good state, grasp the leverage balance of public finance revenue and expenditure, and avoid the situation of national “bankruptcy” is additional attention that the public finance department should pay in the process of operation. Therefore, we urgently need a set of public finance monitoring and early warning system that matches China's public finance operation mechanism and conforms to China's basic national conditions. At present, previous studies rely on the existing detailed data on public finance to measure the situation of China's public finance, but this method refers to fewer data and is not forward-looking enough. Therefore, this paper adopts a BP neural network algorithm to monitor and warn the situation of China's public finance based on computer big data.
Prediction of Research Hotspots Based on LSTM: Taking Information Science as Example
Authors: Xiang Fuzhong
Published: June 2022

Detection and identification become the prediction of future research hotspots in the discipline, which is important to grasp the current status and development trend of the discipline research. In this paper, we use the cumulative topic heat model to calculate the research heat of each research topic in intelligence science from 2000 to 2020 and use the first 70% of the data as the training set, use the LSTM model for prediction, and construct the ECM model for error correction. The actual topic hotness of intelligence science for the latter 30% of data was used as the validation set to verify the effectiveness of the method. It was found that the average deviation rate of the method's prediction results fluctuated between 9.75% and 12.68%, and the average number of error entries was about 0.161, which had high validity. The study also predicts that by 2025, topics such as “crisis warning” and “health information services” in intelligence will continue to rise in popularity and “scientific data” and “data mining” will continue to rise in popularity. The hotness of “data mining” will remain stable, while the hotness of “citation analysis” and “ontology” will gradually decline.
[Retracted] Focus on the Analysis of the Effect of Solving the Nursing Mode on the Time of the Production Time of the First Maternity and the Subjective Happiness of the Postpartum
Authors: Zhang Tianmin , Zhang Lingyun
Published: June 2022

Objective. Focusing to solve the significance of the nursing mode for preliminary maternity care. Methods. Selected 116 first mothers produced in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2022, which were divided into the control group and research group. The two groups each paid conventional care and focused on solving the nursing mode care. Analyze the two groups of pregnancy endings, self‐efficacy, negative emotions, subjective happiness, and analgesics. Results. The vaginal delivery rate of the research group was higher than that of the control group, and the cesarean section rate, hospitalization time, and delivery process were lower than the control group (P < 0.05); the amount of bleeding in the postpartum groups increased, but compared with the control group, the increase in bleeding in the research group was smaller (P < 0.05); the research group objective, subjective support, self‐evaluation, and subjective happiness index were higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Focusing to solve the nursing model can help the maternal tension relief, the maternal can quickly enter the role, and it plays an important role in establishing a good nursing relationship.
Chinese Online Language Dissemination from the Perspective of Mobile Information System
Authors: Hu Xuan , Liu Yongjun
Published: June 2022

The emergence of new media technology will inevitably bring new changes to people's daily communication. The development and change of society supports the development and change of language. Language networks are created and developed along with Internet applications. It is a new variant of the traditional language adapted to the new media environment of the Internet Age. With the increasing popularity and importance of network media, network language has received extensive attention and research on local languages. This paper analyzes and investigates the dissemination of Chinese Internet language from the perspective of mobile information system. On the basis of researching and proposing the mobile information system model, the structure of the system is deeply analyzed, and the key characteristics and technologies of various fields are discussed. Wireless mobile terminal wireless Internet access technology, portable intelligent terminal mobile application development technology, and local database technology are very suitable for Chinese network analysis and research to reduce wireless connections, and the effective range is from 50 feet to 1000 feet. The article uses the communication theories and methods of linguistics, cultural studies, network neologism generation, and communication characteristics analysis. It uses students as examples to explore their online neologism use and dyslexia and their problem-solving strategies for obstacles. The results show that 50% of the students can accept the new words on the Internet very well, and 30% of the students do not understand it.
Fractal Characteristics of the Seepage Erosion Process in Porous Soil
Authors: Wang Yu , Duan Xiangbao , Gu Yanchang , Wang Shijun
Published: June 2022

Seepage-induced erosion in porous soil has always been a major concern in the field of geofluids. Various fractal models have been built to theoretically investigate the porosity and permeability coefficient. However, the seepage erosion process (i.e., incubation, formation, evolution, and destruction) in porous soil is not clearly demonstrated to clarify the seepage fractal characteristics. In this paper, a series of hydraulic tests were performed to reveal the mass fractal characteristics of sandy gravels, coarse-grained sands, and fine-grained sands in the seepage erosion process. The results show that the mass fractal dimension was appropriate to describe the cumulative mass distribution of particles, the complexity of pore networks, and the dynamic changes of the seepage erosion process. Moreover, the scale-invariant interval, as an essential precondition for the accurate calculation of the mass fractal dimension, was to some extent affected by the average grain size and the fine content of porous soil. In particular, the changing trend of porosity and permeability coefficient with the mass fractal dimension was demonstrated in the seepage erosion process. Both porosity and permeability coefficients indicated an increasing trend as the development of seepage erosion. However, the mass fractal dimension gradually decreased due to the removal of fine particles induced by seepage flow water. Research findings will not only provide a new perspective on the seepage erosion mechanism but also predict the development of the seepage erosion process in engineering practice.
Relationship between Motivation and Academic Performance in Peruvian Undergraduate Students in the Subject Mathematics
Authors: Yarin Anwar J. , Encalada Ivan A. , Elias Jorge W. , Surichaqui Abad A. , Sulca Rafael E. , Pozo Fermín
Published: June 2022

Existing literature has paid little attention to the role that motivational variables have on the academic performance of mathematics students in Peru. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between motivation and its dimensions and academic performance in this subject. A cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out in a sample of 251 first-cycle Peruvian undergraduate mathematics students using an electronic questionnaire. The students’ academic performance was measured by their records of the Mathematics course. The motivation was assessed using a self-report instrument designed to assess students’ intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and demotivation through 28 items. For statistical processing, Spearman’s Rho coefficient and a linear regression analysis were taken into account. It was concluded that there is a weak correlation between academic performance and motivation (r = 0.222,

p
=
0.001

), in the same way as intrinsic motivation (r = 0.242,

p
=
0.001

) and extrinsic (r = 0.117,

p
=
0.003

) and a weak correlation with the demotivation dimension (r = 0.142,

p
=
0.024

). With regard to linear regression, all dimensions of motivation were predictive of academic performance; intrinsic motivation explains a 27.2% of academic performance (β = 0.732;

p
=
0.011

); extrinsic motivation explains a 16.8% of academic performance (β = 0.556;

p
=
0.001

), and demotivation a 12.4% (β = 0.427;

p
=
0.008

). This research provides a clear contribution with results on the association between motivation and academic performance in mathematics. This study suggests that universities, teachers, and students’ families take the necessary measures and provide stimulation to increase their motivation. In the same way, it is suggested that the university, in general, implements strategies to involve the student so that the student is always clear about the reason why they are at university and finish the degree they have started.
Product Form Evolutionary Design Integrated with TRIZ Contradiction Matrix
Authors: Lu Shizhu , Guo Yuqing , Huang Wei , Shen Min
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to construct a product form evolution design method integrating the TRIZ contradiction matrix, which is used to eliminate the contradiction between users’ psychological expectations and product engineering requirements, thus simplifying the product form evolution process. We first obtain the psychological needs of users during the whole process of using the product through behavior analysis and then perform an ergonomic simulation of the product to obtain the engineering properties of the product. On this basis, we construct the TRIZ contradiction matrix and solve the contradiction matrix according to the TRIZ theory method. In this way, the ergonomic engineering design attributes of products and the psychological needs of users can be relatively independent, so that the conflict between the ergonomic functional attributes and the psychological needs of users in the design matrix can be effectively transformed into a general TRIZ problem to provide intuitive guidance for product form design. In addition, a detailed design case is provided, which shows that this method can simplify the difficulty and complexity of product form design, and users are more inclined to use the optimized product.
Breast Tumor Ultrasound Image Segmentation Method Based on Improved Residual U-Net Network
Authors: Zhao Tianyu , Dai Hang
Published: June 2022

In order to achieve efficient and accurate breast tumor recognition and diagnosis, this paper proposes a breast tumor ultrasound image segmentation method based on U-Net framework, combined with residual block and attention mechanism. In this method, the residual block is introduced into U-Net network for improvement to avoid the degradation of model performance caused by the gradient disappearance and reduce the training difficulty of deep network. At the same time, considering the features of spatial and channel attention, a fusion attention mechanism is proposed to be introduced into the image analysis model to improve the ability to obtain the feature information of ultrasound images and realize the accurate recognition and extraction of breast tumors. The experimental results show that the Dice index value of the proposed method can reach 0.921, which shows excellent image segmentation performance.
Preclinical Studies to Evaluate the Gut Stimulatory Activity of Aloe Musabbar
Authors: Tandur Vijayamahantesh K. , Inamdar Mohammed Naseeruddin , Orfali Raha , Asdaq Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin , Rabbani Syed Imam
Published: June 2022

Background. Constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Medicines derived from nature are routinely used to treat it. The present study evaluates the gut stimulatory activity of Aloe musabbar (processed powder of Aloe vera) using in vitro and in vivo models for gut stimulatory activity. Materials and Methods. In vitro tests were conducted on isolated rat colon, guinea pig ileum, and rabbit jejunum, while in vivo study was performed using mice intestinal transit time. Aloe musabbar (A. musabbar) was tested at doses 0.2–200 mg/mL (in-vitro study) and 86.6 mg/kg (in vivo study). In vitro studies were done in the presence and absence of atropine sulphate (1 ng/ml). The results were statistically analyzed, and

p
<
0.05

was considered to indicate the significance. Results. A. musabbar exhibited dose-dependent increase in the smooth muscle contraction of isolated gut tissues. Presence of atropine minimized the contractile responses and shifted the dose-response curves towards the right-hand side. The intestinal transit time in mice was observed to be increased significantly (

p
<
0.01

) in A. musabbar-treated animals, when compared with normal animals. Conclusion. A mild smooth muscle contraction induced by A. musabbar suggests that it can stimulate intestinal bowel movement without causing spasms. The diminished responses in the presence of atropine indicated that the gut stimulatory activity could be mediated partially through parasympathetic innervations. More studies are needed to determine the precise mechanism of action including the specific active ingredient responsible for the gut stimulatory activity.
Adopting BuddyPress Platform as an Online Community of Practice for Professional Development
Authors: Mohammed Alrubian Ali
Published: June 2022

A community of practice can be formed to adopt professional development programs for teachers, according to the researcher’s experience in Saudi Arabia. A community of practice is a group of people who share common interests, values, and goals. Thus, the absence of research encouraged this study. It is an investigation of how the theory of online CoP mediates between teachers with common interests and specialists. Teachers class teaches the value of realistic practice and real-life examples. Like other professional development programs such as workshops or training, we observe how this can help employees establish their own identity. This article highlights the value of establishing a community of practice among teachers or others with similar interests. This method increases teacher enthusiasm, creativity, and idea exchange by broadening professional dialogue.
Deformation Adjustment with Single Real Signature Image for Biometric Verification Using CNN
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Saraswat Mala , Ather Danish , Mumtaz Bhutta Muhammad Nasir , Basheer Shakila , Thakur R. N.
Published: June 2022

Signature verification is the widely used biometric verification method for maintaining individual privacy. It is generally used in legal documents and in financial transactions. A vast range of research has been done so far to tackle different system issues, but there are various hot issues that remain unaddressed. The scale and orientation of the signatures are some issues to address, and the deformation of the signature within the genuine examples is the most critical for the verification system. The extent of this deformation is the basis for verifying a given sample as a genuine or forgery signature, but in the case of only a single signature sample for a class, the intra-class variation is not available for decision-making, making the task difficult. Besides this, most real-world signature verification repositories have only one genuine sample, and the verification system is abiding to verify the query signature with a single target sample. In this work, we utilize a two-phase system requiring only one target signature image to verify a query signature image. It takes care of the target signature’s scaling, orientation, and spatial translation in the first phase. It creates a transformed signature image utilizing the affine transformation matrix predicted by a deep neural network. The second phase uses this transformed sample image and verifies the given sample as the target signature with the help of another deep neural network. The GPDS synthetic and MCYT datasets are used for the experimental analysis. The performance analysis of the proposed method is carried out on FAR, FRR, and AER measures. The proposed method obtained leading performance with 3.56 average error rate (AER) on GPDS synthetic, 4.15 AER on CEDAR, and 3.51 AER on MCYT-75 datasets.
Clinical Effect and Postoperative Pain of Laparo-Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy in Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Yu Yue , Han Yun
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the clinical effect and postoperative pain of laparo-thoracoscopic esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods. A total of 90 patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted and treated in our hospital from August 2020 to November 2021 were randomly selected as the research subjects for prospective analysis, and the patients were assigned to the control group and the experimental group according to the time of admission equally, with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group underwent conventional open surgery, and those in the experimental group underwent laparo-thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Then, operation-related indicators, postoperative pain, inflammatory factors, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, and postoperative length of stays of the experimental group were significantly shorter or less than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

); there was no significant difference in the number of lymph nodes dissected between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The number of patients with moderate and severe pain in the experimental group was significantly smaller than that in the control group, and the number of patients with mild pain was significantly larger than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The level of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

); the incidence of surgical complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Laparo-thoracoscopic esophagectomy can significantly improve the clinical effect in patients with esophageal cancer. Thoracic-laparoscopic esophagectomy can significantly improve the clinical results of patients with esophageal cancer. With better performance in surgery-related indicators, lower inflammatory factor levels and postoperative pain, and fewer postoperative complications, it will speed up patients’ recovery and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Substance Abuse and Rural Appalachian Pediatric Trauma in West Virginia
Authors: Rawson Joshua , Thevenin Lindsey , Balko Isabella , Seifarth Federico , Meltzer Hal , Dhumak Vipul , Bush Amy , Kimble Wesley , Wen Sijin , Ellison Pavithra
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Rural Appalachia is endemic to issues such as substance abuse, poverty, and lack of community support, all of which negatively influence health outcomes. The incidence of pediatric trauma as it relates to substance abuse is of concern in the region, where the rate of positive drug screens in pediatric trauma cases is higher than national average. Methods. The West Virginia statewide pediatric trauma database was analyzed in a retrospective cohort study for the years 2009-2019. Variables of interest included injury severity (assessed using Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)), drug screening results, and various measures of patient outcome. Results. The sample was divided into 2009-2016 presentations (

n
=
3,356

) and 2017-2019 presentations (

n
=
1,182

). Incidence of critical (AIS 5) head injuries (

p
=
0.007

) and serious (AIS 3) neck injuries (

p
=
0.001

) increased as time progressed. Days requiring ventilation increased from 3.1 in 2009–2016 to 6.3 in 2017–2019 (

p
<
0.001

). Drug screens were obtained at a rate of 6.9% in 2009–2016 versus 23.3% in 2017–2019 (

p
<
0.001

). Benzodiazepine use increased from 0.8% to 1.8% (

p
<
0.001

), and opioid use increased from 1% to 4.9% (

p
<
0.001

). Conclusion. The increasing severity of pediatric trauma and substance abuse in Appalachia is of significant concern. The use of respiratory drive-depressing drugs has risen, just as the severity of head and neck traumas has increased. These results emphasize the importance of targeted interventions in the rural pediatric population.
Hyperamylasemia Caused by the Hantaan Virus: A Retrospective Study of 101 Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in West China
Authors: Zhang Sumei , Shi Lei , Jiang Xiaoqian , Yang Xiaoling , Wu Libo , Wang Chuan , Jing Fuchun , Chen Tianyan
Published: June 2022

Background. Hyperamylasemia (HA) is an inconspicuous manifestation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Baoji city, West China. Hantaan virus (HTNV) is the only pathogen‐caused HFRS in this region, but the knowledge about HA in the local HFRS patients has been limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of HA and its predictive risk factors for doctors to engage in timely monitoring and dealing with the possible serious changes prewarned by HA in the early stages of the disease to improve the final outcome. Methods. All HFRS patients with and without HA (HA and nHA groups, respectively) were treated in Baoji People’s Hospital. The clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared by Student’s t‐test or Chi‐square test. The risk factors for prognosis were measured by the logistic regression analysis. The predictive effects of prognosis in clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic curves. Results. 46.53% of the patients demonstrated HA, among which 71.7% were severe and critical types of HFRS, greater than that in the nHA group (19.57%, P < 0.001). The hospitalization day and the general incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) were longer or greater in the HA group than in the nHA group (P < 0.01). Age and the time from the onset of the first symptom to the patient being admitted to hospital (TOA) were the predictive risk factors for HA. The best cut‐off values were the age of 54 years and TOA of 5.5 days. Conclusion. HTNV‐induced HA is a common clinical presentation of HFRS patients in West China. It can increase the severity, the hospitalization days of patients, and the incidence of AP in HFRS. Age and TOA constituted independent risk factors for HA caused by HTNV.
Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics between Electronic Signature and Conventional Signature Based on Computer Vision Technology
Authors: Feng Chao , Ji Zhongyuan , Zhang Jin
Published: June 2022

During the last two or three decades where innovations in technology have been dominant, especially the rapid development of electronic information technology, various types of electronic devices have been developed for different application areas. It is this technological-assisted equipment that has drastic effects on the lifestyle of every creature in general and human beings in particular. In addition to the other activities or services, technology has enabled human beings to write on electronic devices, which is due to the fact that these devices will generate electronic signature handwriting that is extremely useful for human beings. They may effectively cope with the electronization of traditional signature handwriting and ease the difficulties of authenticating the identification information of the signatory of electronic documents when used in conjunction with electronic documents. This method is frequently utilized in e-government, e-commerce, banking and insurance, medical care, and other industries. This study uses the current mainstream computer vision technology to compare and analyze the handwriting dynamic characteristics of electronic signature and conventional signature. It uses the electronic signature God and software to collect and extract the original characteristic data of user’s electronic signature and then extracts the characteristics of average writing speed, duration, and average pressure on the basis of these data for analysis. Among these techniques, the writing time of electronic signature is longer than that of conventional signature, and the average speed of conventional signature notes is higher than that of electronic signature, and when analyzing the average pressure characteristics, the conventional signature pressure is greater than the electronic signature pressure.
Intelligent Assessment Method of Enterprise Tax Risk Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Guo Shifu
Published: June 2022

Enterprise tax risk involves many aspects. In order to accurately realize enterprise tax risk assessment, an intelligent assessment method of enterprise tax risk based on deep learning is proposed. Collect enterprise tax risk information; reasonably distinguish the same type of risk information according to category, type, and appearance; extract the correlation characteristics of enterprise tax risk assessment; use the correlation characteristics to build a deep learning enterprise tax risk assessment model; search the best parameters of the automatic encoder; build a stacked automatic encoder based on the automatic encoder; combine it with the classifier; and complete the design of enterprise tax risk intelligent evaluation model. The experimental results show that the deviation ratio of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), the risk assessment index of the proposed method, is less than 0.38 as a whole. Therefore, the enterprise tax risk intelligent assessment method based on deep learning is better.
A Study on the Correlations among Organizational Learning, Dynamic Capabilities, and Innovation Performance of Innovative Firms
Authors: Li Yanli , Wang Xiaohan
Published: June 2022

Innovation is the core of China’s national policy and the lifeline of enterprises at the local and global market. There has been a huge amount of research on innovation and elements contributing to innovation performance; however, few of them built a theoretical model to study the correlations among organizational learning, dynamic capabilities, and innovation performance. Based on the existing studies and literature at home and abroad and considering the development status of innovative enterprises in China, this paper decomposes organizational learning into three dimensions of learning commitment, shared vision, and open‐mindedness and divides dynamic capabilities into three dimensions of environmental insight capability, resource integration capability, and organizational flexibility capability. To verify the model of LDP (learning‐capability‐performance) and hypotheses, the authors conducted a survey in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, and Qingdao, which have ranked top in the number of innovative enterprises in China in recent years. A sample of 232 valid questionnaires were collected and validated with SPSS23.0 software. The result shows that organizational learning and its three dimensions have significant positive effects on innovation performance, while only two dimensions of dynamic capabilities, resource integration capability and organizational flexibility capability, have significant positive effects on innovation performance. The third dimension of environmental insight capability has no significant positive effects on innovation performance. The dynamic capabilities and its three dimensions play a partial intermediary role between organizational learning and innovation performance.