bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversation Coaching in Dementia: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Dooley Suzanna , Furey Sophie , O'Hanlon Shane , Walshe Margaret
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Conversation abilities of people with dementia (PwD) are impacted by cognitive communication deficits. Communication interventions can improve quality of life by increasing positive interactions and well-being. This study evaluates the feasibility of a conversation coaching intervention (CCI) for PwD and their communication partners (CPs).
Methods
A mixed method design was used. Thirty-four people were recruited over 12 months, 17 PwD and 17 CPs. CCI involved 1:1 and group sessions facilitated by 2 experienced speech and language therapists weekly, over 6 weeks. Participants were assessed initially and 3 months following intervention using; Profiling Communication Ability in Dementia (P-CAD), Goal Attainment Scaling and Capability Index for Older people (ICECAP-O).
Results
Twenty-eight participants completed CCI. P-CAD scores for PwD were maintained at three months for 71% (n=10) showing no decline in function and 29% (n=4) showed improvement. All PwD and their CPs reported that CCI helped them achieve their individual communication goals. Ten (71%) PwD rated their well-being as higher on the ICE-CAP-O following intervention with 29% (n=4) rating no change in well-being from initial assessment. Over three quarters of CPs, (79%: n=11), reported an increased sense of well-being following intervention and 29% (n=4) had no change in well-being.
Conclusions
Preliminary outcomes including participant feedback indicates that CCI is feasible with PwD. The communication function and well-being of PwD was either maintained or improved. CCI is collaborative and enhances retained communication abilities of people living with dementia.
Novel biotagging method using dissolvable microneedle arrays for individual identification of animals
Authors: Kim Beomjoon , Park Jongho
Published: July 2023

Properly handling animals and understanding their habits are crucial to establish a society where humans and animals coexist. Thus, identifying individual animals, including their possessions, and adequately managing each animal is necessary. Although several conventional identification methods exist, such as the use of ear punch, tattoos, and radio frequency (RF) chips, they require several processes and external apparatus. In this study, we proposed a new biotagging method using a microneedle array for animal identification. Our approach uses dissolvable microneedle arrays as a single patch to deliver dyes directly into the skin layer. Additionally, we developed a new fabrication method for customised female moulds to realise microneedle array patches (MAPs) with patterns of different characters and number. The characteristics and feasibility of the patterned MAPs were confirmed through basic evaluations and animal experiments. Moreover, we confirmed that patterns formed from biotagging using the developed patterned MAPs lasted over one month with clear readability. Finally, we confirmed that our patterned MAPs successfully realized biotagging on rat skin with the designated patterns including characters and number patterns. The proposed method is expected to enable minimally invasive tagging without external equipment or complex processes. In addition, the developed method could be used to embed various tags into the skin of animals and humans in the future.
Prognostic significance of early and multiple recurrences after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tanemura Akihiro , Noguchi Daisuke , Shinkai Toru , Ito Takahiro , Hayasaki Aoi , Gyoten Kazuyuki , Fujii Takehiro , Iizawa Yusuke , Murata Yasuhiro , Kuriyama Naohisa , Kishiwada Masashi , Mizuno Shugo
Published: July 2023

Purpose: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), postoperative recurrence remains high. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence patterns and prognosis of HCC after curative hepatectomy.
Methods: Among 339 patients with primary HCC who underwent initial hepatectomy between January 2000 and December 2021, 122 with recurrence were assessed for the relationship between recurrence pattern and prognosis.
Results: The early recurrence group (within 6 months postoperatively; n=28) had significantly higher serum alpha-fetoprotein (p=0.002) and des-𝛾-carboxyprothrombin (p=0.003) levels, larger tumor size (p<0.001), higher incidence of multiple tumors (p=0.016) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT; p<0.001) and lower overall survival (OS) (p <0.001) than the late recurrence group (>6 months postoperatively; n=94).
The multiple recurrence group (intrahepatic multinodular recurrence or distant metastasis; n=94) had significantly higher prognostic nutritional index (p=0.04), larger tumor size (p=0.021), higher incidence of PVTT (p=0.035), and lower incidence of well-differentiated tumor (p<0.001) and liver cirrhosis (p<0.001) than the single recurrence group (single nodule recurrence; n=47). The multiple recurrence group, especially patients with ≥three intrahepatic nodules and distant metastases (p<0.001, p<0.001), had lower postoperative OS and shorter time to recurrence than the single recurrence group.
Conclusion: Early and multiple or distant tumor recurrences are poor prognostic factors after curative resection for HCC.
Performance Evaluation of Universal Filter Multi Carrier (UFMC) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (APSK) Modulation
Authors: Kishore K. Krishna , Kameswari Durga , V JaganNaveen
Published: July 2023

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most important waveform techniques for 4G communications. Despite its many advantages, OFDM has some drawbacks, such as high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), sideband leakage, and poor spectrum efficiency. To overcome the previously mentioned shortcomings of OFDM, A novel waveform technique Universal Filter Multi Carrier (UFMC) was introduced as a altered waveform technique for subsequent wireless communication. It is proposed to investigate the performance of the Universal Filter Multi-Carrier (UFMC) system under different modulation schemes. Amplitude phase shift keying is a new modulation technique that is investigated for its ability to minimize the PAPR of the UFMC system and OFDM. APSK has been shown to generate less PAPR than other modulation schemes such as QAM and QPSK, which are commonly, used in LTE communication systems. A comparative analysis is performed between OFDM and UFMC with different modulation schemes, including APSK and it is found that UFMC provides overall better results in terms of PAPR and spectral efficiency compared to OFDM and can be considered as an alternative waveform for 5G communications. The use of filter banks in UFMC helps reduce sideband leakage and improve spectrum efficiency. Additionally, APSK modulation demonstrates its ability to further minimize the PAPR of both UFMC and OFDM systems.
What is the feasibility of using WAST-Short domestic abuse screening tool in primary care? An exploratory cross-sectional study in Northwest London
Authors: Sivarajasingam Vasumathy , Karki Manisha , Bagkeris Emmanouil , El-Osta Austen
Published: July 2023

Background
Domestic abuse (DA) is underdiagnosed in general practice. The primary care workforce plays a key role in the healthcare response to DA. Screening increases the early detection of DA in primary care, but such tools are not routinely used in primary care.
We conducted a cross-sectional study of NHS patients across general practices in Northwest London to explore the use of a short DA screening tool in primary care. We explored the association of history of abuse with the WAST-short score after controlling for demographic characteristics.
Methods
An open, easily accessible anonymous 29-item e-Survey translated into 18 languages and including information on accessible support services was sent to eligible NHS patients (18 years and over) via SMS by general practices in Northwest London. Data was collected from 6,967 NHS patients between 3 March and 7 October 2022.
Participants were asked about their personal experiences of DA. The WAST-short screening questionnaire was used to assess the degree of tension in the respondent's relationship of concern and their perceived difficulty in working out arguments within that relationship. The WAST-Short score was calculated by adding the points allocated to the answers to these two questions. Regression analysis explored the association between WAST-short score and a history of abuse.
Results
Data from 4,253 respondents to the anonymous survey were analysed. Almost half of the respondents confirmed having experienced DA, whereas 6.1% declined disclosure. After adjusting for a priori confounders (age, gender and ethnicity), the multivariable logistic regression model showed that those who disclosed a history of abuse and those who 'would rather not say' had significantly higher odds of having tension in their relationship and higher odds of having difficulty in working out arguments compared to those with no history of abuse.
Conclusions
Screening identifies victims, in particular, the cohort who may be struggling to disclose their experiences of abuse. The use of the validated non-obtrusive two-item WAST-short tool could help with the early identification of DA survivors in primary care. Upskilling health and social care professionals in administering this brief non-threatening screening tool would help raise awareness, identify and support victims.
Efecto del manejo de plantaciones de tres especies exóticas en la recuperación del suelo forestal en Oxapampa - Perú
Authors: Ormachea Ramos Álvaro M.
Published: July 2023

En un terreno de uso agrícola hasta el año 2004 se instalaron tres pequeñas plantaciones de las especies Eucalyptus grandis (0.96 Ha), Pinus tecunumanii (0.3 Ha) y Cupressus macrocarpa (0.2 Ha). A los quince años de la instalación se midió la profundidad del mantillo (Horizonte Ao) generado por la descomposición de la materia orgánica procedente de la hojarasca y las prácticas de manejo forestal. Además, se tomaron muestras de los primeros 20 cm del suelo mineral (Horizonte A1) para el análisis de pH, porcentaje de materia orgánica, fósforo y potasio. Los resultados de profundidad de mantillo sugieren una menor descomposición del material vegetal en las plantaciones de Pinus tecunumanii (9.85 cm), intermedia en la de Cupressus macrocarpa (6.18 cm) y mayor en la de Eucalyptus grandis (5.91 cm). Sin embargo, los mayores valores de materia orgánica en el horizonte A1 se registran en el Cupressus macrocarpa (11.72 %) y valores menores pero semejantes para el Pinus tecunumanii (6.62 %) y Eucalyptus grandis (6.55 %). Se registra también una disminución del pH del suelo, de 6.0 hasta 5.13, lo cual ha permitido que el fósforo eleve su disponibilidad. Se discuten los procesos de biodegradación de la materia orgánica que podrían explicar las observaciones en el cambio de la acidez del suelo en las plantaciones de Pinus y Cupressus, y las posibles relaciones con las operaciones silviculturales como el raleo, poda y limpiezas. Se concluye que el manejo forestal evaluado en las plantaciones de las tres especies ha logrado niveles de pH y disponibilidad de fósforo y potasio en el suelo forestal formado que, de acuerdo a las referencias, favorecen el cultivo de los árboles.
Long-Term Results of a Digital Hypertension Self-Management Program: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Justin , Napoleone Jenna , Linke Sarah , Noble Madison , Turken Michael , Rakotz Michael , Kirley Kate , Folk Akers Jennie , Juusola Jessie , Jasik Carolyn Bradner
Published: July 2023

Background

Digital health programs that incorporate frequent blood pressure (BP) self-monitoring and support for behavior change offer a scalable solution for hypertension management.

Objective

We examined the impact of a digital hypertension self-management and lifestyle change support program on BP over 12 months.

Methods

Data were analyzed from a retrospective observational cohort of commercially insured members (n=1117) that started the Omada for Hypertension program between January 1, 2019, and September 30, 2021. Paired t tests and linear regression were used to measure the changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) over 12 months overall and by SBP control status at baseline (≥130 mm Hg vs <130 mm Hg).

Results

Members were on average 50.9 years old, 50.8% (n=567) of them were female, 60.5% (n=675) of them were White, and 70.5% (n=788) of them had uncontrolled SBP at baseline (≥130 mm Hg). At 12 months, all members (including members with controlled and uncontrolled BP at baseline) and those with uncontrolled SBP at baseline experienced significant mean reductions in SBP (mean –4.8 mm Hg, 95% CI –5.6 to –4.0; –8.1 mm Hg, 95% CI –9.0 to –7.1, respectively; both P<.001). Members with uncontrolled SBP at baseline also had significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure (–4.7 mm Hg; 95% CI –5.3 to –4.1), weight (–6.5 lbs, 95% CI –7.7 to –5.3; 2.7% weight loss), and BMI (–1.1 kg/m2; 95% CI –1.3 to –0.9; all P<.001). Those with controlled SBP at baseline maintained within BP goal range. Additionally, 48% (418/860) of members with uncontrolled BP at baseline experienced enough change in BP to improve their BP category.

Conclusions

This study provides real-world evidence that a comprehensive digital health program involving hypertension education, at-home BP monitoring, and behavior change coaching support was effective for self-managing hypertension over 12 months.
Dynamics of breathers in the Gardner hierarchy: universality of the variational characterization
Authors: Alejo Miguel A.
Published: July 2023

We present a new variational characterization of breather solutions of any equation of the focusing Gardner hierarchy. This hierarchy is characterized by a nonnegative index n, and 2n + 1 represents the order of the corresponding PDE member. In this paper, we first show the existence of such breathers, and that they are solutions of the (2n+1)th-order Gardner equation. Then we prove a variational universality property, in the sense that all these breather solutions satisfy the same fourth order stationary elliptic ODE, regardless the order of the hierarchy member. This fact also characterizes them as critical points of the same Lyapunov functional, that we also construct here. As by product of our approach, we find breather solutions of the hierarchy of (2n+1)th-order mKdV equations, as well as a respective characterization of them as solutions of a fourth order stationary elliptic ODE. We also extend part of these results to the periodic setting, presenting new breather solutions for the 5th and 7th mKdV members of the hierarchy. Finally, we prove ill-posedness results for the whole Gardner hierarchy, by using appropiately their breather solutions.
Enhanced DV-Hop Algorithm for Efficiency Energy and Network Quality in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hari Nirwana Haidar , SholihulHadi Mokh. , Sujito Sujito
Published: July 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are wireless networks with multiple sensor nodes covering a relatively large area. One of the weaknesses of WSNs is the relatively high energy consumption, which affects the network quality of service. Although WSN network routing using the DV-Hop algorithm is widely used because of its simplicity, improvements need to be made to improve energy efficiency, which impacts network lifetime. This article proposes a method to enhance energy efficiency by comparing the original DV-Hop algorithm with the enhanced DV-Hop algorithm. There are three approaches to enhancing the DV-Hop algorithm. Firstly, the CH node selection is based on the distance to the Base Station so that the selected CH node does not have a far distance from the base station. Secondly, the CH node selection must have a minimum number of sensor nodes as neighbors. Lastly, each selected CH node calculates the minimum distance to the previously selected CH node to ensure that the selected CH node is not in a nearby position. The proposed approach obtains better data packet transfer rate, energy efficiency, and network lifetime results using Matlab software simulation that compares the enhanced DV-Hop algorithm with the original DV-Hop algorithm and three other routing algorithms.
Evaluation of Stratified K-Fold Cross Validation for Predicting Bug Severity in Game Review Classification
Authors: Mayangsari Mustika Kurnia , Syarif Iwan , Barakbah Aliridho
Published: July 2023

Steam review data provided a lot of information for the game development team, either positive or negative review. It contained an essential point that negative and positive reviews provide crucial information and 7% of positive reviews contained bug reports. These bug reports occurred after the game was released, and many reports of common incidents still exist. If players found an issue in the game, they could report it directly through the review feature provided by the online game platform. Nevertheless, the development team took a long time manually analyzing and categorizing the game review. This study proposed a new approach to automatically categorizing game reviews on Steam based on the bug severity level. Hence, to solve this problem, we suggested introducing a solution based on the research background indicated above. For this experiment, we analyzed reviews on two popular game titles namely, FIFA 23 and Apex Legends. We implemented three different classifiers namely, KNN, Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes, which would be used to train a dataset to classify the bug severity level. Due to an imbalanced dataset, we performed cross-validation to reduce bias in the dataset.  Performance in this model would be evaluated using accuracy rate, precision, recall, and F1 score. As a result, the experiment showed that game reviews of different game titles achieved different accuracy scores. The game review classification for FIFA 23 performed better than the game review classification for Apex Legends. The mean accuracy score of FIFA 23 was 72% with Decision Tree and Apex Legend was 64% with KNN.
Group Guidance Using the Halaqah Method to Improve Student Interpersonal Communication
Authors: Nurul Fadilah
Published: July 2023

The aim of this research was to obtain a group guidance service using the halaqah method which is effective for improving students' interpersonal communication. This study uses experiments with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was class X students at SMK Negeri 2 Tarakan in the 2022/2023 academic year, which consisted of 129 students. The subjects of this research were 18 students who were Muslim in Tarakan State Vocational School 2 Class X TAV 2. Methods of data collection using a scale and observation. The data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. Based on the results of the research, the pre-test and post-test were carried out on students of class X TAV 2 at SMK Negeri 2 Tarakan. The results showed that group counseling using the halaqah method was effective in improving students' interpersonal communication. The implications of the group guidance halaqah method can be used as a reference to improve student interpersonal communication. Halaqah method group guidance will be effective if it is carried out in a more systematic and planned manner and with more meetings.
DEVELOPMENT OF E-MODULE BASED ON CONTEXTUAL APPROACHES ON WORK AND SIMPLE MACHINES FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Efendi Annisa , Yurnetti Yurnetti
Published: July 2023

The education system is required to be able to follow the development of science and technology to prepare a generation that is ready to deal with the challenges of this era. The current curriculum is curriculum 2013. In curriculum 2013 students are required to be active and able to learn independently. The procurement of teaching materials at SMP Negeri 7 Padang is considered not to be able to support independent learning, especially during this online learning period. This study aims to produce science e-module for SMP/MTs based on a contextual approach on work and simple machines to valid and practical. Type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using the Plomp model which consists of three stages, namely the preliminary research, the prototyping stage, and the assessment phase. The research subjects were 3 lecturers of Science Education, FMIPA UNP, teachers and students of SMP Negeri 7 Padang. The instrument used is a questionnaire of validity and practicality. The research data is processed using the kappa moment formula. Based on the results of data analysis, the results of the validity test, the results of the practicality test based on the teacher's response, and the practicality test based on the student's responses were 0.85, 0.87, and 0.83 with very high category. It can be concluded that the e-module for SMP/MTs based on a contextual approach on work and simple machines has been valid and practical for use in class VIII SMP/MTs.
Similarities and Differences in the Earth’s Water Variations Signal Provided by Grace and AMSR-E Observations Using Maximum Covariance Analysis at Various Land Cover Data Backgrounds
Authors: Szabó Viktor , Osińska-Skotak Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

The study presents a compatibility analysis of gravimetric observations with passive microwave observations. Monitoring the variability of soil water content is one of the essential issues in climate-related research. Total water storage changes (ΔTWS) observed by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), enables the creation of many applications in hydrological monitoring. Soil moisture (SM) is a critical variable in hydrological studies. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) satellite products provided unique observations on this variable in near-daily time resolutions. The study used maximum covariance analysis (MCA) to extract principal components for ΔTWS and SM signals. The analysis was carried out for the global area, dividing the discussion into individual continents. The amplitudes of gravimetric and microwave signals were computed via the complex empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and the complex conjugate EOF* to determine the regions for detailed comparison. Similarities and differences in signal convergence results were compared with land cover data describing soil conditions, vegetation cover, urbanization status, and cultivated land. Convergence was determined using Pearson correlation coefficients and cross-correlation. In order to compare ΔTWS and SM in individual seasons, ΔTWS observations were normalized. Results show that naturally forested areas and large open spaces used for agriculture support the compatibility between GRACE and AMSRE observations and are characterized by a good Pearson correlation coefficient >0.8. Subpolar regions with permafrost present constraints for AMSR-E observations and have little convergence with GRACE observations.
Contact hypersensitivity to Indian standard patch test series correlates with disease severity among children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Handa Sanjeev , Bhattacharjee Rajsmita , Thakur Vishal , De Dipankar , Mahajan Rahul
Published: July 2023

Background

There is emerging evidence of a relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), though the data available are scarce with conflicting viewpoints. We explored the occurrence of contact hypersensitivity among children with atopic dermatitis by patch testing them with the Indian standard series and tried to correlate the presence of contact hypersensitivity with the clinical severity of AD in these children.

Methods

In this single-centre, cross-sectional study, children between 6 months and 12 years diagnosed with atopic dermatitis were included and patch tested with the Indian standard series. Outcome parameters were the proportion of patients having positive patch-test reactions, the proportion of positive patch-test reactions for each allergen and factors associated with patch test positivity in atopic dermatitis.

Results

Of the 136 patients, 80 were boys. The mean age of the study population was 5.6 ± 3.2 years. Twenty-eight (20.6%) patients had patch test positivity at 96 h. Fragrance mix was the commonest allergen, followed by potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and nickel. SCORing atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) was significantly higher in patients with positive patch tests as compared to patients with negative patch tests (P = 0.009).

Conclusion

Greater disease severity in atopic dermatitis was found to be associated with patch test positivity.

Limitations

Inability to establish relevance in about 50% of the patients was a limitation of our study. Follow-up data regarding the impact of allergen avoidance is not available.
EFFECT OF USING LEAD RUBBER BEARING ON A STEEL ARCH BRIDGE
Authors: Kusumastuti Dyah , Lim E - , Asneindra M , Mulyadi Sandy
Published: July 2023

A study was conducted to evaluate the application of Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) on bridge structures. The length of steel arch bridge is 80 m, width of 10 m, and height of 19.6 m. The bridge is simply supported with two bearings on each support. Structural analysis reveals that the lateral force on the bearing is more than 400 tons (835 tons in longitudinal direction). The original designer’s intention is to use pot bearings. However, the pot bearing was required to undergo some mechanical test to verify its properties prior to installation. Due to its size, this scheme is not applicable due to the limitations of the testing facility. Therefore, an alternative design was evaluated using LRB to reduce the reaction force, hence downsize the bearing size. The LRB used is of LRB 7500 characteristics, and the calculation refers to AASHTO Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design (GSID), 4th edition 2014.The analysis shows that applying LRB on the bridge lengthened the structural period from 0.76 seconds to 1.67 seconds. It also increased the damping ratio from 5% to 43 %. With these significant changes in structural parameters, lateral forces due to earthquake loads on the bearing and foundation can be greatly reduced. The study found that replacing pot bearings with LRBs can reduce the lateral force to 80 tons, approximately one fifth from the previous design. Correspondingly, the internal forces of some major structural components of the bridge can be reduced due to the application of LRB.
RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ALLOCATION OF BUILDING CONTRUCTION RENOVATION PROJECT IN THE PARTE CLUB SURABAYA BUILDING
Authors: Irfan Bachtiar Muhammad , Witjaksana Budi
Published: July 2023

The Parte Club Surabaya Building Renovation Project has encountered various problems. These issues arise from multiple factors, primarily due to the complex nature of the structure as it involves renovating an old building. This research aims to identify the dominant risks and allocate the responsibility for managing these risks to the most appropriate party involved. Quantitative research methods were employed for this study. The sample consisted of 18 individuals, including expert staff from the implementing contractor and supervisory consultant. Data collection involved primary data obtained through purposive sampling, with 18 respondents selected. Secondary data included a review of previous similar research literature studies and historical data from earlier projects with similarities. The results of the data processing stage indicated the presence of dominant risks during project implementation and risk allocation. Consequently, project implementation is susceptible to risks identified by analyzing 27 selected risk variables. Six risk variables were dominant in project implementation: construction changes, additional expenses (overheads), project delays, material damage/loss, design errors, and changes to the work schedule. Risk allocation assessment results indicated that 19 risks were allocated to contractors, 3 to owners, and 5 jointly between the owner and contractor (shared). The percentage distribution of risk allocation is as follows: 70% to the contractor, 11% to the owner, and 19% allocated jointly (shared) between the two parties.
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF REFLECTION FOR TEACHERS? A STUDY ON PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Miulescu Miruna Luana , Tacea Antoaneta-Firuţa
Published: July 2023

The concept of reflective teacher has been studied extensively in the last three decades and has facilitated the shift in the teacher education orbit from attainment to development. Our study seeks to discover the value of reflection for teachers and in what way their practices could potentially be influenced by it. The participants of the present study were 11 primary school teachers from Bucharest, Romania. By making use of a phenomenological qualitative inquiry approach, data were collected through a focus group and a reflective journal. The key findings indicate that the participants in the study are willing to embrace an investigative attitude that will help improve and assess practice, even if they are not used to it and do not always have the proper time to analyze their teaching practices daily. Moreover, multiple advantages of keeping a reflective journal were recognized: facilitation of teaching, enhancement of innovation, impact on professional growth, enhancement of problem-solving skills, improvement of overall effectiveness, and promotion of a positive learning environment.
Pembuatan Sabun Mandi Cair Herbal dari Surfaktan Methyl Ester Sulphonate dengan Ekstrak Daun Kelor sebagai Zat Antibakteri
Authors: Mutia Eka , Suryati Suryati , Hakim Lukman
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sabun mandi cair dari ekstrak daun kelor dengan variasi volume ekstrak 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, dan 40 mL yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa antibakteri yang terdapat pada daun kelor yaitu saponin, tanin, flavonoid dan terpenoid. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut aquadestillata. Kemudian dibuat sediaan sabun mandi cair dengan variasi volume ekstrak daun kelor yang telah ditetapkan. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun kelor sebanyak 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL dan 40 mL. Hasil pengujian tinggi dan stabilitas busa yang paling baik didapat pada volume ekstrak 40 mL dengan ketinggian busa sebesar 20 mm dan stabilitas busa 100%. pH yang paling mendekati pH kulit pada sabun ekstrak daun kelor juga pada volume 40 mL dengan nilai 3,7. Viskositas yang paling baik untuk ekstrak daun kelor pada volume ekstrak 40 mL yaitu 1,5117 cP. Densitas sabun mandi cair ekstrak daun kelor juga didapat pada volume ekstrak 40 mL sebesar 1,036 gr/mL. Diameter zona hambat bakteri tertinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak daun kelor terdapat pada volume ekstrak 20 mL yaitu  23 mm. Secara keseluruhan hasil evaluasi pengujian sabun mandi cair sudah sesuai dengan standar SNI-06-04085-1996.
Pembuatan Asam Oksalat dari Sabut Pinang dengan Metode Oksidasi
Authors: Yoanda Farid , Hakim Lukman , Mulyawan Rizka , Dewi Rozanna , Nurlaila Rizka
Published: July 2023

Asam oksalat merupakan senyawa kimia yang mempunyai rumus H2C2O4 dengan nama sistematis asam etanadioat. Asam oksalat berfungsi sebagai pengawet alami dan mendukung sel yang memproduksi energi dalam tubuh. Selain itu, dalam industri asam oksalat digunakan untuk menghilangkan karat dan pereaksi pada pembuatan warna. Pohon pinang banyak didapatkan di Asia Tenggara khususnya di Indonesia. Nama Latin dari Pinang adalah Areca catechu L atau sinonimnya disebut dengan A.hortensis lour, familia : Arecaceae, tingginya mencapai 12-25 meter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses pembuatan asam oksalat dari sabut pinang yang menggunakan metode oksidasi menggunakan asam nitrat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan suhu hidrolisis yaitu 80°C, 90°C dan 100°C dengan waktu 60 menit, 70 menit dan 90 menit. Dari penelitian ini didapat waktu optimal hidrolisis yaitu 70 menit dengan suhu 100°C dengan kadar asam oksalat 8,2 %.
Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Limbah Sayuran dengan Menggunakan Bioaktivator EM4
Authors: Yanti Susi , Ibrahim Ishak , Masrullita Masrullita , Muhammad Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Pembuatan pupuk organik cair khususnya dari limbah sayuran denganpenambahan bio aktivator EM4 (Effective Microorganisme) bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh waktu pembuatan terhadap kandungan Nitrogen (N),Phosfor (P2O5), dan Kalium (K2O) dalam pupuk organik cair, serta menentukan pengaruh bio aktivator EM4 terhadap kandungan N, P, K. Metode pembuatan pupuk organik cair ini yaitu limbah sayuran seperti  sawi putih, sawi hijau, kubis dan wortel yang banyak mengandung air dihancurkan sebelum difermentasikan. Kemudian bio aktivator EM4 disiapkan untuk penambahan dalam limbah sayuran yang sudah dikecilkan ukurannya. Limbah sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam wadah, dan larutan bio aktivator EM4 kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam wadah secara merata. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan variasi waktu 8 hari, 10 hari, 12 hari, 14 hari dan 16 hari serta variasi penambahan jumlah bio aktivator EM4 sebanyak 12 ml, 18 ml, dan 24 ml. Hasil penelitian yang terbaik pupuk organik cair terdapat pada penggunaan volume 24 ml dengan kandungan unsur hara makro nitrogen 0,71% fosfor 0,47% pada hari ke 16 sedangkan nilai terbaik kalium 0,30% pada hari ke 8 dengan volume 12 ml. Pupuk organik cair yang dihasilkan sudah memenuhi baku mutu  SNI : 19-7030-2015 (Badan Standarisasi Nasional, 2015). Volume bio aktivator EM4 sangat berpengaruh terhadap kandungan N, P, dan K, dikarenakan semakin banyak volume bio aktivator EM4 maka kadar N, P, juga akan semakin tinggi.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN MINYAK KEMIRI DAN MINYAK BUNGA LAVENDER TERHADAP SIFAT LILIN AROMATERAPI FORMULASI LILIN AROMATERAPI BERBASIS MINYAK KEMIRI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK BUNGA LAVENDER
Authors: Sulhatun Sulhatun , Sarah Sarah , Masrullita Masrullita , Sylvia Novi , Ginting Zainuddin
Published: July 2023

Minyak kemiri (candlenut oil) yang berarti candle yaitu lilin dan nut yaitu kacang. Sesuai dengan namanya, kemiri juga dapat dijadikan bahan dasar lilin karena kemiri mengandung 55-66% minyak dari berat bijinya. Berbagai penelitian yang berkaitan dengan lilin aromaterapi telah banyak dilakukan terutama dalam memformulasikan essential oil. Namun dalam  memformulasikan minyak kemiri sebagai basis lilin belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh dari perbedaan formula minyak kemiri dan minyak bunga lavender terhadap basis lilin aromaterapi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menimbang soy wax sesuai dengan berat yang sudah ditentukan lalu dilelehkan sempurna. Kemudian, ditambahkan variasi minyak kemiri ( 5,7,10 dan 12 gram ) dan variasi essential lavender oil ( 2, 3, 4 dan 5 gram ) diaduk hingga homogen. Terakhir, dituangkan lilin cair kedalam gelas lilin yang telah dipasangkan sumbu. Pengujian lilin aromaterapi berupa organoleptik, waktu bakar, titik leleh dan kesukaan terhadap aroma. Dari hasil pengujian lilin aromaterapi diperoleh, untuk organoleptik lilin dengan bentuk padat, tidak retak, tidak cacat dan warna yang merata yaitu lilin A1 ( 5 : 2 ), A2 ( 5 : 3 ), A3 ( 5 : 4 ), A4 ( 5 : 5 ), B1 ( 7 : 2 ), B2 ( 7 : 3 ), B3 ( 7 : 4 ), B4 ( 7 : 5 ) dan C1 ( 10 : 2 ). Untuk titik leleh, titik leleh tertinggi yaitu pada formula A1 ( 5 : 2 )  yaitu 44,8⁰C sedangkan titik leleh terendah yaitu formula D4 ( 12 : 5 ) yaitu 38,8⁰C. Untuk waktu bakar, lilin dengan waktu bakar terlama adalah lilin D1 ( 12 : 2)  yaitu 12 jam 10 menit. Sedangkan lilin dengan waktu bakar paling singkat adalah lilin A4  ( 5 : 5 )  yaitu 8 jam 26 menit. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, berdasarkan hasil dari perbandingan formula lilin, semakin banyak minyak kemiri dan minyak bunga lavender yang digunakan maka tekstur lilin akan semakin lunak dan titik leleh lilin akan semakin rendah begitupula sebaliknya. Dan semakin banyak minyak kemiri dan semakin sedikit minyak bunga lavender yang digunakan maka waktu bakar lilin akan semakin lama.
PRODUKSI GLUKOSA CAIR MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIDROLISIS ASAM KLORIDA DARI BAHAN DASAR SINGKONG (MANIHOT ESCULENTA)
Authors: Fibarzi Wiza Ulfa , Nurlaila Rizka , Sirait Fitriyani , Sulhatun Sulhatun , Ibrahim Ishak
Published: July 2023

Singkong (Manihot esculenta) merupakan sumber bahan makanan ketiga di Indonesia sestelah padi dan jagung. Singkong merupakan salah satu umbi-umbian yang memiliki sumber karbohidrat lokal Indonesia. Singkong sebagai sumber pati selama ini diketahui masyarakat hanya sebagai sumber karbohidrat, sampai munculnya inovasi proses yang dapat memproses singkong menjadi berbagai produk lain salah satunya glukosa cair. Glukosa cair merupakan cairan jernih dan kental yang mengandung D-glukosa, maltose, dan polimer D-glukosa yang diperoleh dari hidrolisis pati. Penelitian ini sudah pernah dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi suhu hidrolisis dibawah 100oC, oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini menggunakan variasi suhu diatas 100oC untuk mendapatkan kadar glukosa yang terbaik. Pati singkong dapat dibuat menjadi glukosa cair dengan metode hidrolisis asam menggunakan asam klorida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar glukosa tertinggi pada suhu 125oC dan waktu hidrolisis 100 menit yaitu sesbesar 29,3%. Kadar air yang terendah diperoleh pada suhu 125oC dan waktu hidrolisis 100 menit yaitu sebesar 3,62%. Yield yang tertinggi diperoleh pada suhu 105oC dan waktu hidrolisis 80 menit yaitu sebesar 64,20%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu dan waktu hidrolisis maka produk glukosa cair yang dihasilkan akan semakin bagus.
BIOPOLIMER DARI KITOSAN-COLLAGEN UNTUK APLIKASI PEMBALUT LUKA DENGAN CMC DAN GLUKOMANAN SEBAGAI BAHAN IKAT SILANG
Authors: Paksi Laksita Ika , Suryati Suryati , Muarif Agam , ZA Narul , Meriatna Meriatna
Published: July 2023

Wound dressing is a nursing action to protect the wound by closing the wound, which can be done using sterile gauze that is not attached to the wound tissue. Currently, commonly used wound dressings are made of polymeric materials. Polymers for wound dressings consist of absorbents in contact with the wound. The absorbent layer will protect the wound and absorb the liquid that comes out of the wound. The purpose of this study is to make a biopolymer derived from chitosan, collagen and its cross-binding materials, namely CMC and glucomannan, and to find out the correct composition comparison to produce an ideal biopolymer. The method is drying in the oven on a thin glass printer for 24 hours. Mixing all raw materials with chitosan volume:collagen: CMC and chitosan:collagen: glucomannan in a ratio of 50:50:2,5; 50:50:5; 50:50:7,5; and 50:50:10. Then put in the oven with a temperature of 60⁰C during for 48 hours. The biopolymers formed are then tested to determine the characteristic properties of the biocomposites formed. The analysis carried out is FTIR group analysis, swelling analysis, absorption test and membrane thickness test. The results of the study with the comparison of chitosan: collagen: CMC and chitosan : collagen: glucomannan for the analysis of the FTIR group of the biopolymer membrane contains compounds (O-H), C-H, C =O, C-O-C, CH2, CN, and CH, for swelling tests on CMC additives the value obtained is 73%; 82%; 79%; 105% while for glucomannan additives, a result of 32%; 57%; 65%; and 51%, for absorption test on additives CMC the value that can be obtained is 125%; 176%; 285%; 233%; while for glucomannan additives, a yield of 97%; 96%; 90%; and 86% and for membrane thickness test additives CMC the value in can be 0.94 mm; 0.79 mm; 1.06 mm; 1.32 mm; while for glucomannan additives, the result is 1.3 mm; 1.58 mm; 1,6 mm; 1.67 mm.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI CAMPURAN MINYAK JARAK KEPYAR (RICINUS COMMUNIS) DENGAN MINYAK JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG DARAH (ANADARA GRANOSA)
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Mulyawan Rizka , ZA Nasrul , Hakim Lukman , Lubis Nur Azura
Published: July 2023

Bahan bakar alternatif untuk mesin diesel yaitu biodiesel yang merupakan sumber daya terbarukan (renewable). Salah satu bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai material dalam pembuatan biodiesel adalah minyak jarak kepyar (ricinus communis) dan minyak jelantah. Salah satu aspek yang penting dalam pembuatan biodiesel adalah katalis. Selain katalis basa homogen seperti NaOH dan KOH, baru-baru ini telah dikembangkan penggunaan katalis basa heterogen yakni kalsium oksida (CaO) yang bersumber dari kulit kerang. Penelitian tentang biodiesel sudah pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, yang belum pernah dilakukan adalah pembuatan biodiesel menggunakan campuran minyak jarak kepyar dan minyak jelantah dengan variasi rasio mol dan jumlah katalis dari limbah cangkang kerang darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari cara pembuatan katalis dan karakterisasi cangkang kerang darah (anadara granosa) untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan kimia serta performanya dalam pembuatan biodiesel dari campuran minyak jarak kepyar (ricinus communis) dan minyak jelantah. Cangkang kerang darah dikalsinasi pada suhu 900°C selama 5 jam. Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan selama 100 menit pada suhu 60°C dengan variasi rasio mol minyak dan metanol 1:12, 1:15 dan 1:18 dan berat katalis 3%, 6% dan 9% dari massa minyak. Hasil uji biodiesel terbaik di dapatkan pada rasio mol minyak dan metanol 1:15 dengan jumlah katalis 3% dengan nilai yield 69,94%. Pada hasil komposisi senyawa hidrokarbon (GC-MS) terdapat 5 puncak grafik yang menghasilkan metil ester.
Efecto de hidrocoloides en textura de masa de maíz-quínoa como propuesta para mejoramiento de calidad proteica
Authors: Hernández-Hernández N. , Báez-González J.G. , García-Alanís K.G. , Bautista-Villarreal M. , Durán-Lugo R
Published: July 2023

Las tortillas de maíz son y han sido parte fundamental de la alimentación de diferentes culturas en América. Hoy día en México son una parte básica de la dieta diaria, de los mexicanos. Es por ello que este producto tiene un gran potencial para ser combinado con la quínoa, un pseudocereal cultivado en el sur de Latinoamérica que se caracteriza por aportaran alto contenido en proteínas. Para ello se realizaron análisis de textura a masas con diferentes porcentajes de quínoa (5%, 10% y 20% respectivamente) a los cuales se les agregó como agente estabilizante la carboximetil celulosa (CMC) se realizó análisis de perfil de textura que comprendió dureza, adhesividad, cohesividad, elasticidad, masticabilidad y gomosidad de la masa maíz-quinoa, para ello se utilizó un texturometro Brookfield CT3. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos para las características como dureza, elasticidad, gomosidad y masticabilidad aumentaron al añadirse CMC, esto genera un medio propicio para agregar diferentes cantidades de quínoa, logrando así características organolépticas similares a las de una tortilla normal. Se concluyó que la adición de Carboximetil celulosa aumenta la retención de humedad de las masas y le brinda mayor fuerza para soportar otros ingredientes en su composición.
Desarrollo de nuggets de pollo con camote
Authors: Muñoz-Roa J.F. , Cabrera-Álvarez E.G. , García-Vázquez V. , Guerrero-González J.L. , Manríquez-Martínez J.E. , Ortiz-Canchola C. , Sosa-Morales M.E.
Published: July 2023

Para el presente proyecto se realizó una formulación de nuggets de pollo con camote, debido a que los nuggets tienen una gran aceptación en la población. Se realizó una encuesta vía electrónica, en donde se detectó una demanda potencial de nuggets de manera general. Se probaron tres formulaciones con 15, 30 y 45% de camote, y el resto de pollo, para posteriormente adicionar ingredientes y especias, hacer la mezcla, amasado, moldeado, freído, enfriado, envasado y almacenado. Se realizó un análisis sensorial donde 25 jueces no entrenados degustaron de las tres formulaciones mencionadas, usando una escala hedónica de 9 puntos. Hubo preferencia por la formulación de 15 y 30% de camote, mientras que la muestra de 45% tuvo menor aceptabilidad. Finalmente, se diseñó la etiqueta, declaración nutrimental y etiquetado frontal, el producto tendrá un sello de advertencia de exceso de sodio.
Extracción de agavinas de pencas de Agave durangensis: Caracterización estructural, térmica y tecno-funcional
Authors: Luna-Solís H.A. , Ochoa-Martínez L.A. , González-Herrera S.M. , Rutiaga-Quiñones O.M. , Wong-Paz J.E.
Published: July 2023

Las pencas del Agave durangensis forman parte del residuo de la producción de mezcal, estas contienen fructanos siendo el más importante las agavinas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue optimizar el proceso de extracción de las agavinas y llevar a cabo su caracterización estructural, térmica y tecno-funcional. El proceso de extracción se llevó a cabo por el método convencional y la optimización mediante la metodología de superficie respuesta partiendo de un diseño factorial fraccionado. Las agavinas se caracterizaron a través de un análisis FT-IR, análisis térmico y propiedades tecno-funcionales. Se encontró grupos funcionales característicos de agavinas. El análisis DSC arrojo un pico endotérmico entre 65.43 y 210 °C, (ΔH = 45.73), mientras la temperatura de transición vítrea (Tg), se encentró en un rango entre 34.92 y 52.66 °C. Las propiedades tecno-funcionales de higroscopicidad y densidad aparente resultaron similares a las agavinas comerciales de Agave tequilana Weber, mientras que color, humedad, humectabilidad y actividad de agua fueron estadísticamente diferentes. Esta caracterización sirve como base para la utilización de las agavinas en aplicaciones alimentarias y en futuras investigaciones científicas.
Isolation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Around Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) Clumps Using Natural Media Trap Method
Authors: Furqon Parisya Velayati , Suryadi Bambang Fajar , Hidayati Ernin
Published: July 2023

Bamboo plant is a potential source of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Phosphate solubilizing ability is an important characteristic of PGPB. This study aims to isolate phosphate solubilizing bacteria around the bamboo clumps using natural media. The bacteria around the bamboo clumps are trapped using natural media. The media consist of  70 gram cooked rice and 70 gram banana peel. The media were stored in plastic boxes with four types of treatments: 1) tightly closed, 2) covered with tissue, 3) covered with banana leaves, and 4) uncovered (open). Those plastic boxes are placed around the bamboo clump and left  for up to 5 days. The trapped phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated using Pikovskaya agar. A total of 17 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were successfully trapped, 8 isolates in cooked rice and 9 isolates in banana peel. The isolates showed a phosphate solubilization index, ranging from 0,2 to 1,40. The isolate NN01 has the highest ability to solubilize phosphate. This isolate was trapped in a cooked rice with an open plastic box condition. NN01 is a Gram positive rod-shaped bacterium. In this study it was revealed that the area of ​​the bamboo clumps is inhabited by various types of bacteria. The natural media of cooked rice and banana peels have a good ability to trap potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria around the bamboo clumps.
Identification of Rare Medical Plant and Community Understanding in Manggeh Village, Karanganyar District, Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Qurrotu 'Aini Farhah , Hanik Nur Rokhimah , Wiharti Tri
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify rare medicinal plants in Manggeh Village, Karanganyar District, Karanganyar Regency, as well as to understand the level of knowledge and understanding of the community regarding rare medicinal plants in areas with a low tendency. The research method used was field surveys, interviews, and direct observation of 40 respondents who were randomly selected from people in low inclined areas. The results showed that there were a number of rare medicinal plants in Manggeh Village. These plants have high medicinal potential and have been used traditionally by the local community. However, the level of public knowledge and understanding regarding rare medicinal plants is still limited. Although some people are familiar with rare medicinal plants in general, in-depth knowledge about their benefits, uses and potential side effects is still limited. This research provides a deeper understanding of the biodiversity in Manggeh Village and provides useful information for the community in the proper and responsible use of medicinal plants. The results of this study can also be a basis for local governments in developing policies for the conservation of rare medicinal plants.