bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of MDR1 (C3435T) Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chernetska Natalia Vasylivna ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Natalia Vasylivna Chernetska Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”Theatrical square, 2, Chernivtsi, 58002, Ukraine Phone: +380669031949 E-mail: chernetskanataliia@ukr.net, Stupnytska Hanna Yaroslavivna ,   Department of Propaedeutic of Internal diseases, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Fediv Oleksandr Ivanovich ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a multifactorial disease characterized by gene-gene interaction as well as environmental effects. The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is proved to be higher in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than in the case of its absence.

We aimed to study the genotypes of MDR1 (C3435T) gene polymorphism and its relationship with clinical, instrumental, and laboratory parameters in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

All the patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 53 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the second group included 49 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus. The COPD assessment test (CAT), 6-minute walk test, BODE integral index, spirometry, and bioimpedansometry were used for examination. Lipid spectrum, carbohydrate metabolism, endothelial functional status, leptin, adiponectin, and serum levels were also determined by means of enzyme immunoassay.

Our study results showed no significant difference between the genotypes of the control group of healthy individuals and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus. Though, a certain association of this gene polymorphism with clinical findings by CAT-test, specific parameters of carbohydrate (fasting glucose) and lipid metabolism (total cholesterol and low-density cholesterol lipoproteins), endothelial functional state (nitrate/nitrite level) with the minor allele T available was found.
Contribution of an Early Internal Medicine Rotation to the Clinical Reasoning Learning for Young Residents
Authors: Sovaila Silvia ,   Internal Medicine Department, Civil Hospital, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,   Silvia Sovaila, MD, Internal Medicine Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France. E-mail: silvia.sovaila@internist.ro, Purcarea Adrian ,   Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, Froissart Antoine ,   Internal Medicine Department, Créteil, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, France, Ranque Brigitte ,   Vascular Medicine Department and Reference Center for Rare Vascular Diseases, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, France, Kieffer Pierre ,   Internal Medicine Department, Mulhouse hospital, Mulhouse, Andres Emmanuel ,   Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, Goujard Cecile ,   Internal Medicine Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, France, Weber Jean-Christophe ,   Internal Medicine Department, Civil Hospital, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, Bergmann Jean-François ,   Internal Medicine Department, Hôpital Lariboisiere, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, France, Gayet Stephane ,   Internal Medicine Department, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France, Granel Brigitte ,   Internal Medicine Department, Marseille University Hospitals, Marseille, France, Bourgarit Anne ,   Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Published: November 2022

Clinical reasoning is the cornerstone of medical practice, and achieving this competence depends on a large number of factors. Internal medicine departments provide junior doctors with plentiful and varied patients, offering a comprehensive basis for learning clinical reasoning.

In order to evaluate the usefulness of an early rotation at internal medicine departments, we compared, via script concordance tests, the evolution of residents’ clinical reasoning after an initial internal medicine rotation compared to rotations through other medical specialties.

Twenty-two residents were tested after six months of their internal medicine rotation and compared to twenty-five residents that had the first rotation in another specialty (control). We showed a significant difference in the improvement of the script concordance tests scores (p=0.015) between the beginning and the end of their first rotation between the internal medicine and the control groups, and this implies the lower improvement of clinical reasoning skills and spontaneous learning slope of the junior doctors in other departments.
Association of AGTR1 (rs5186), VDR (rs2228570) genes polymorphism with blood pressure elevation in patients with essential arterial hypertension
Authors: Mykolaivna Semianiv Marianna ,   Family Medicine Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Marianna Mykolaivna Semianiv, Holovna Str. 246V, Chernivtsi, 58000, Ukraine. Phone: +380959419125; E-mail: m.semianiv@bsmu.edu.ua, Petrivna Sydorchuk Larysa ,   Family Medicine Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Stepanivna Dzhuryak Valentyna ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Vasylovich Gerush Oleg ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Oleksandrivna Palamar Alina ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Yaroslavivna Muzyka Natalia ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Mykolaivna Korovenkova Oksana ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Mykhaylivna Blazhiievska Olesia ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Valeriivna Sydor Valeriia ,   Pharmacy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Ruslanovich Sydorchuk Andrii ,   Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, St. Anna Hospital, Herne, Germany, Oleksandrovich Semianiv Igor ,   Phthisiology and Pulmonology Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Igorovich Sydorchuk Ruslan ,   General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Essential arterial hypertension (EAH) is a polygenic disease due to environmental, genetic, and epigenomic factors. The study aimed to establish the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of AGTR1 (rs5186) and VDR (rs2228570) genes with the blood pressure (BP) elevation in EAH patients. 100 EAH subjects with hypertensive-mediated organ damaging (2nd stage), moderate, high, or very high cardiovascular risk were recruited into the case-control study. There were 70.83% females and 29.17% males, mean age 57.86±7.81 y.o. The control group included 60 healthy individuals of relevant age and gender distribution. Estimation of AGTR1 (rs5186) and VDR (rs2228570) gene polymorphism was performed by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. In EAH patients, the AGTR1 gene (rs5186) mutation occurs with a frequency of 2.78% in the absence of such among healthy individuals. The VDR (rs2228570) gene mutation occurs with a frequency of 23% cases. The C-allele carriers’ (AGTR1 gene) numbers with 2nd and 3rd BP values degree dominate over AA-genotype patients by 25.32% (χ2=4.52; р=0.033). VDR gene (rs2228570) polymorphic variants do not link to BP elevation values. Thus, the C-allele of the AGTR1 gene (rs5186) is associated with BP elevation in hypertensive patients. BP values do not depend on VDR gene (rs2228570) polymorphic variants.
The effectiveness of short-term pulmonary rehabilitation program in patients with comorbid asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obesity
Authors: Huivaniuk Olha ,   1. Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Olha Huivaniuk, Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. E-mail: olyanesterovska11@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-3711, Stupnytska Hanna ,   Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Fediv Oleksandr ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Bocharov Andriy ,   Department of Surgery No.1, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has not yet been established in patients with asthma – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO) depending on their nutritional status. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term PR program in patients with comorbid asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and obesity. We included 40 ACO patients and divided them into 3 groups according to body mass index (BMI) and then subdivided them into PR (n=21) and control (n=19) groups. The COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the Asthma Control Test (ACT), and the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRS) were used to evaluate symptoms levels. BODE index (body mass index, forced expiratory volume in one second, dyspnoea, and 6-min walk distance) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation. In addition, spirometry and bioimpedansometry were performed. All measurements were done before and after a 6-month PR program. A significantly lower decline in the BODE index was observed in overweight patients (decreased by 43.6% compared to baseline and lower by 40.7% compared to the control group). The six-minute walking test (6MWT) significantly increased in all groups (p<0.001). There was a decrease in total CAT score by 25.4% and by 31.2% in the overweight group (p<0.001). The BMI decreased more in the obese group (by 9.4% compared to baseline). Our study result showed that early use of PR program significantly improves functional capacity and BODE index, leads to dyspnea and CAT scores reduction and improvement in pulmonary function, cause a decrease in BMI, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level, and an increase in muscle mass in overweight and obese patients with ACO.
Comparative analysis of primary health care indicators security standing in Belgium and Norway: Lessons from readiness to COVID-19
Authors: Abilkaiyr Nazerke ,   Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,   Nazerke Abilkaiyr, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: abilkaiyr7135-1@murdoch.in, Sabyr Nursymbat ,   Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tazhiyeva Aigul ,   City Clinic No. 17, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Satybaldin Azimkhan ,   Institute of Economics, Science Committee of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The research aims to suggest the most enabling indicator of COVID-19 resistance in Belgium and Norway by studying the dynamics of staff and bed security indicators of the primary health care sector. The research methodology comprises Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) statistical analysis of staff and bed security indicators. The reason for choosing Belgium and Norway for comparative analysis regarding the readiness to face the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of staff and bed security is because Belgium is leading by the highest level and Norway is leading by the lowest level of morbidity and mortality per 1 million population. The study revealed that the greatest enabler of the primary health care system efficiency in terms of resistance to COVID-19 is primary health care staff security. The analysis clearly shows that the number of beds is not paramount for the effectiveness of the healthcare system and primary health care. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the deficiencies and weaknesses of primary health care systems of all countries of the world. The research results suggest that Belgium and other countries focus on the education of nurses and therapists. The significance of the research results is that they prove that the main factor of the effectiveness of the primary health care system is its human resources. This information is useful for improving health systems in many countries around the world.
Determination of prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of probiotic strain Escherichia coli 39-SN
Authors: Biyashev Birzhan ,   Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,   Birzhan Biyashev, Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: b.biyashev7495-1@national-univesity.info, Biyashev Kadyr ,   Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Bulegenova Madina ,   Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kirkimbaeva Zhumagul ,   Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhylkaidar Arman ,   Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

At present, it is relevant to preserve and raise healthy, well-developed newborn animals adapted to new conditions, which form the basis for increasing the yield of animal husbandry. Gastrointestinal diseases cause the main losses of young animals. Acute gastrointestinal diseases of calves, lambs, piglets, and chickens are widespread in Kazakhstan. The study aims to develop a competitive treatment and prophylactic drug composition based on probiotic bacterial strains. Modern certified and standardized biochemical, microbiological, molecular biological studies were considered during the research. The morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties of the cultures were studied according to generally accepted schemes. Standard methods of finding averages and their mean errors were used for the mathematical processing of results. Antibiotics, sulfonamide, and nitrofuran drugs are the most common methods to combat diseases in young animals. However, the use of antibacterial agents often leads to the death of normal microflora, disrupting the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract, the appearance of microorganisms with resistance to drugs, and a decrease in product quality. In this regard, the direction of biotechnology involved in the development and creation of environmentally friendly microbial preparations with prophylactic effectiveness is very relevant. Data on the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the probiotic strain of Escherichia coli 39-SN are presented.
Growth surveillance indices and Kashin-Beck Disease in children
Authors: 娟 (Ma Wei Juan) 马玮 ,   Independent researcher, Baoji, Shaanxi, China,   马玮娟 (Ma Wei Juan), Baoji city, Shaanxi province, China. E-mail: janemwj@sina.com
Published: November 2022

Selenium, manganese, and calcium are necessary elements for maintaining normal growth and skeleton formation. Kashin-Beck disease mostly occurs in children, resulting in deformities, dwarfism, and disabilities. Selenium deficiency was considered a risk factor in China, while manganese was reportedly involved in it in Russia. Single-element regulation cannot be used in diagnosis because of unclear boundaries in patients compared to healthy individuals. In this study, new indices of elements were designed to predict the status of disease. MS (Mn/Se), CS (Ca’/Se), and MC (Mn/Ca’) values were designed, and prediction formulas were generated by comparing healthy children with those with Kashin-Beck disease via multiple linear regression analysis and discriminant analysis. In the disease group, 42.86% of patients had positive MS, CS, and MC values, and 57.14% of patients had positive MS and CS values. In the treatment group, the patients presented improved indices. In the prediction group, subjects with negative clinical criteria features were predicted by new indices, and 26.67% of them presented with positive MS, CS, and MC values, whereas 40.00% had positive MS and CS values. The 3D model of MS, CS, and MC refers to the setup of elements. The MS, CS, and MC indices are helpful in disease prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance. The distribution model of the indices could serve in the growth surveillance of children.
Clinical-laboratory and ultrasound parallels of changes in the liver and thyroid gland in diffuse toxic goiter
Authors: Lavruk Khrystyna Zynoviivna ,   Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,   Khrystyna Zynoviivna Lavruk, Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. E-mail: hrystya@me.com, Dudiy Petro Fedorovych ,   Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Skrypnyk Nadiya Vasylivna ,   Department of Endocrinology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Mishchuk Vasyl Hryhorovych ,   Department of General Practice (Family Medicine), Physical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Vytvytskiy Zynoviy Yaroslavovych ,   Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Detection of liver dysfunction in patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) at an early stage allows for correcting it in time with appropriate therapy; therefore, diagnosing hepatobiliary system lesions in these patients is an important medical issue. We examined 62 patients, divided into two groups depending on the duration of the disease. The first group included patients with a disease duration of up to two years, the second group - patients with a disease duration of more than two years. The study and comparison of laboratory and multiparametric ultrasound criteria of liver and thyroid dysfunction were performed. Analysis of ultrasound signs of hepatobiliary system lesions in patients in the two groups showed that they were more common in the second group. There is a correlation between the stiffness of the parenchyma of the thyroid gland and liver and the duration of the disease, the level of free thyroxine (T4f), and antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors (ArTTG). Increased liver stiffness was more common in patients with ArTTG levels above 20 IU/ml, and the degree of F1 fibrosis was higher at T4f greater than 50 pmol/l. To assess the condition of a patient with DTG and the need to correct treatment tactics, it is advisable to use the criteria of multiparametric ultrasound examination of the hepatobiliary system and thyroid gland.
Children with severe disabilities: adaptation, virtual education, and prospects. Experiences of three Peruvian mothers, COVID-19 context
Authors: Gamarra Choque Pilar Maria ,   Postgraduate School, César Vallejo University, Lima, Peru, Rivera Arellano Edith Gissela ,   Postgraduate School, César Vallejo University, Lima, Peru, Navarro Enaidy Reynosa ,   Science and Technology Research Institute, César Vallejo University, Trujillo, Peru,   Enaidy Reynosa Navarro, Science and Technology Research Institute, César Vallejo University, Trujillo, Peru. E-mail: ereynosa@ucv.edu.pe, Vergaray Juan Méndez ,   Postgraduate School, César Vallejo University, Lima, Peru, Huayta-Franco Yolanda Josefina ,   Postgraduate School, César Vallejo University, Lima, Peru, Muñante Toledo Melissa Fatima ,   Faculty of Engineering and Management, National Technological University of South Lima, Lima, Peru
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to reveal and investigate mothers’ experiences of students with severe disabilities regarding learning in distance education in Lima-Peru. This is a phenomenological study focused on understanding the world of mothers regarding the education of their children with severe disabilities. Their discourse focused on four categories: being the mother of a child with severe disability, pandemic category, virtual education, and family prospects. The participants were three mothers of children with Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Cerebral Palsy. An in-depth interview structured in 26 questions was used, applied face to face. With distance education, the mothers consider that their children’s abilities and skills have assumed a leading role, developed creativity, and employed various strategies to comply with school activities. In addition, it also strengthened their family ties despite the pandemic.
Improvement of quality of life by conservative management of thoracic scoliosis at 172°: a case report
Authors: Chu Eric Chun-Pu ,   New York Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Centre, Hong Kong, China,   Eric Chun-Pu Chu, New York Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Centre, Hong Kong, China. E-mail: eric@nymg.com.hk
Published: November 2022

Adult scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine causing bilateral lower back pain and paresthesia of the lower limbs. Conservative treatment for scoliosis is primarily performed for youth, but scoliosis can be deteriorating as the patient ages. Rare, severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle over 40 degrees with respiratory difficulties leaves open surgery as the only option. However, surgical treatments often suffer from various complications. This case report presents an elderly woman with severe scoliosis at a Cobb angle of 172°. The patient showed no respiratory difficulties. As the patient refused to receive surgical treatment, conservative care was performed. A series of treatments showed positive outcomes to improve the quality of the patient’s life. Extremely severe scoliosis with a 172° Cobb angle has never been reported in the geriatric population. Our case supports the efficiency of conservative management for such severe scoliosis.
Delayed breast reconstruction with tram-flap and various modifications after radical mastectomy
Authors: Smolanka Ivan Ivanovich ,   National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bagmut Irina Yuriivna ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Sheremet Michael Ivanovicha ,   Surgery Department No.1, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Michael Ivanovich Sheremet, Surgery Department No. 1 of Bukovinian State Medical University, Holovna str., 191, 58018, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Phone: 0956064607; E-mail: mihayl71@gmail.com, Lyashenko Andriy Oleksandrovich ,   National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Kyiv, Ukraine, Movchan Oleksii Volodimirovich ,   National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Kyiv, Ukraine, Smolanka Ivan Ivanovich ,   National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Kyiv, Ukraine, Loboda Anton Dmitrovich ,   National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolisnyk Igor Leonidovich ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Petrivna Sydorchuk Larysa ,   Family Medicine Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Volodimirovich Lazaruk Oleksandr ,   Department of Pathology, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

This study describes the experience of radical mastectomies with simultaneous breast reconstruction using TRAM flap in patients with inflammatory breast cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of primary breast reconstruction using the TRAM-flap procedure in patients with an inflammatory form of breast cancer. Our work is associated with some deviation from generally accepted standards: delayed breast reconstruction after radical mastectomy for inflammatory breast cancer. We describe the experience of radical mastectomies with the simultaneous reconstruction of the breast using a TRAM flap in patients with inflammatory breast cancer. This study included 12 patients diagnosed with breast cancer stages IIIB and IIIC. Almost all patients (eleven out of twelve patients) underwent radical mastectomy with one-stage reconstruction using a TRAM flap after chemotherapy. Two years later, one patient (8.3%) showed disease progression in the form of distant metastases in the bones of the spine. One patient (8.3%) had a regional relapse in the displaced flap near the postoperative scar. The rest of the patients (83.4%) showed no signs of continuing the disease. Patients with one-stage breast reconstruction improved socially, and their subjective well-being was better than those who underwent radical mastectomy without reconstruction. Experience in performing one-stage reconstructions in the surgical treatment of patients with inflammatory breast cancer is a reason for restrained optimism regarding the possibility and feasibility of these operations.
An integrated perspective on transmutation of acute inflammation into chronic and the role of the microbiome
Authors: Vithoulkas George ,   University of the Aegean, Syros, Greece,   Postgraduate Doctors’ Training Institute, Health Care Ministry of the Chuvash Republic, Cheboksary, Russian Federation,   George Vithoulkas, International Academy of Classical Homeopathy, Alonissos, Greece. E-mail: george@vithoulkas.com
Published: November 2022

The Continuum theory and the Levels of Health theory were separately proposed to explain the myriad responses to treatment and understand the process of health and disease in an individual. In light of accumulating evidence on the intricate relationship between the human immune system and microbiome, an attempt is made in this article to connect these two theories to explain the transmutation of the efficiently responding immune system (through the acute inflammatory response and high fever) to one involved in a low-grade chronic inflammatory process (resulting in chronic disease). There is already enough evidence to demonstrate the role of the microbiome in all chronic inflammatory diseases. In this article, we discuss the mechanism by which subjecting a healthy person to continuous drug treatment for acute inflammatory conditions (at a certain time) leads to transmutation to chronic disease. Although this hypothesis requires further experimental evidence, it calls for a reconsideration of the manner in which we treat acute infectious diseases in the population.
Bilateral same-session flexible ureteroscopy for renal stones: a feasible method
Authors: Geavlete Bogdan ,   Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Razvan-Ionut ,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Razvan-Ionut Popescu, Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: dr.razvanp@gmail.com, Multescu Razvan ,   Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Iordache Valentin ,   Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Popa Gelu-Adrian ,   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Georgescu Dragos ,   Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Geavlete Petrisor ,   Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: November 2022

A staged ureteroscopic procedure is generally preferred to treat bilateral renal stones. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of bilateral same-session flexible ureteroscopy (BS-fURS) in renal stones. A total of 81 patients underwent bilateral BS-fURS between March 2014 and March 2021 for bilateral renal stones. The mean stone burden per patient was 17±4 (range 7–27 mm). The average stone density was 1240 HU (970 to 1510). We used 4 types of ureteroscopes: Olympus URF-V2 (34 cases), Storz Flex X2 (30 cases), single-use PUSEN PU 3022 (12 cases), and single-use PUSEN – PU 3033A (5 cases). We specifically set our Holmium laser for dusting, pop-corning, and fragmenting. We found 31 calcium oxalate monohydrate cases, 11 calcium oxalate dehydrate cases, 17 uric acid cases, and 22 magnesium ammonium phosphate cases. The mean operating time was 77 min. (range 52 to 85) for both renal units. The SFRs were evaluated between 1 and 3 months with computed tomography (fragments >3 mm were defined as residual). Double J stenting (6Fr.) was applied bilaterally in 8 cases (9.87%) and unilateral in 34 cases (41.97%). The overall SFRs after 1 and 2 procedures were 81.48% (66/81 cases) and 92.59% (75/81 cases), respectively. Postoperative complications after an overall 96 procedures were Clavien I-II (18.75%) and Clavien III (3.12%). Urinary tract infections were observed in 13 cases (16.04%) without any case of urosepsis. Our experience suggested some BS-fURS advantages as a single anesthetic session and potentially reduced cost associated with treatment. BS-fURS seem feasible, especially for medium-sized bilateral renal stones in high-volume centers.
Correction to: Comparison of the effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica and clotrimazole vaginal creams for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Jaldani Shirin ,   Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Fatahinia Mahnaz ,   Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,   Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Moghimipour Eskandar ,   Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Maraghi Elham ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Javadnoori Mojgan ,   Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,   Mojgan Javadnoori, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishpaur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. E-mail: mojganjavadnoori@gmail.com
Published: November 2022

This corrects the article on p. 111 in vol. 14, PMID: 33767795.
Correction to: Determination of the effects of prone position on oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory failure under mechanical ventilation in ICU
Authors: Jahani Simin ,   Nursing and Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Hajivand Soleimani Ziba ,   Nursing and Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,   Ziba Hajivand Soleimani, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, The Islamic Republic of Iran. E-mail: soleymaniziba97@gmail.com, Asadizaker Marziyeh ,   Nursing and Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Soltani Farhad ,   Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Cheraghian Bahman ,   Health School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2022

This corrects the article on p. 274 in vol. 11, PMID: 30894882.
Comoedien, Curen, Correctionen. Ulms Fundenkinder in der Frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Griemmert Maria
Published: November 2022

Unversorgte Kinder in städtischen Gesellschaften brauchten nicht nur einen besonderen Schutz, sie stellten Kommunen auch vor die Herausforderung, ihre Entwicklung und Ausbildung zu gewährleisten. Das Ulmer Fundenhaus war vom späten Mittelalter bis ins 19. Jahrhundert Anlaufstelle für unversorgte Kinder der Region. Gegenüber anderen frühneuzeitlichen Findel- und Waisenhausgründungen des deutschsprachigen Raums weist das Fundenhaus einige Besonderheiten auf: So wurde in Ulm dauerhaft auf eine gewerbsmäßige Ausbeutung der kindlichen Arbeitskraft verzichtet und schon früh eine hauseigene medizinische Versorgung für die Kinder etabliert. Maria Griemmert beschreibt den Stellenwert, den die Fundenkinder und ihre Institution im urbanen Kosmos der Reichstadt hatten: Welche Kinder fanden überhaupt Eingang in die Institution? Welches Finanzierungsmodell trug das Haus durch die Jahrhunderte? Welche Erziehungsideale und Strafkonzepte prägten den Alltag der Kinder? Und wie wurde ihre Gesundheitsfürsorge begriffen? Griemmert leistet mit diesem Band einen Beitrag zur historischen Dimension von Medikalisierung, Stigmatisierung und Teilhabe im gesellschaftlichen Umgang mit unversorgten Kindern.
Protracted course of chemical meningitis following posterior fossa epidermoid cyst excision – A case report
Authors: Ehrlich Adin M. , Larkin Michael Benjamin , English Collin William , Shetty Arya , Gupta Mayuri , Nouri Shervin Hosseingholi , Lu Hsiang-Chih , Mandel Jacob J. , Patel Akash J.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Chemical meningitis, a subtype of aseptic meningitis, as a complication of posterior fossa surgery is not a rare complication. However, the description of a severe protracted course following the surgical resection of an epidermoid cyst has not been described in the current literature. Chemical meningitis is thought to be associated with a hyperreactive inflammatory response, mediated in part by interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, to the postoperative keratin debris from the spontaneous leakage or surgical release of epidermoid contents into subarachnoid spaces, which ultimately can result in patient symptoms of meningitis and hydrocephalus. Often, this remains mild and the recommended management includes a short course administration of corticosteroids.

Case Description:

The authors report such a case in a patient who underwent a redoresection for a fourth ventricular epidermoid cyst. Postoperatively, the patient returned several times with symptoms of meningitis and hydrocephalus requiring multiple hospitalizations in the ensuing months. The patient required emergent cerebrospinal fluid diversion, further posterior fossa exploration and an extended high-dose corticosteroid treatment regimen.

Conclusion:

The authors summarize the current understanding of the biochemical processes involved for the rare presentation of postoperative chemical meningitis.
Evaluation of the changes in middle cerebral artery flow velocity related to different positions of patients during posterior fossa surgery
Authors: Kanan Rajesh , Sarna Rashi , Bharti Neerja , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Chauhan Rajeev , Singh Nidhi , Luthra Ankur , Karthigeyan Madhivanan
Published: November 2022

Background:

This is a prospective observational study to evaluate the changes in middle cerebral artery flow velocities and cerebral perfusion pressure in the various positions used for posterior cranial fossa surgery and to correlate these changes with postoperative recovery characteristics and complications.

Methods:

Sixty patients were included in the study – 33 patients with CPA tumors were placed in the supine with head tilt position and the rest 27 with tumors in other locations of posterior fossa were placed in the prone position. The primary aim was to study the changes in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity related to various positions of the patients used during posterior fossa surgery. The secondary aim was to compare the changes in pulsatility index, resistance index, and effective cerebral perfusion pressure in different position and to correlate these findings with postoperative recovery and the complications associated with these positions.

Results:

The systolic and mean flow velocities were higher in the supine with head tilt group than the prone group after positioning and post repositioning, but these values were within normal limits, and the changes with positioning from baseline were comparable between the groups. Furthermore, these changes did not affect the effective cerebral perfusion pressure or the outcomes of the patients.

Conclusion:

The current results do not determine whether the supine with head tilt position is better than the prone position during posterior fossa surgery.
Spinal cord stimulation for genitofemoral neuropathy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mamaril-Davis James Christopher , Joshi Neil , Palsma Ryan , Aguilar-Salinas Pedro , Walter Christina M. , Hashim Shamam , Weinand Martin
Published: November 2022

Background:

Chronic testicular pain due to genitofemoral neuropathy often becomes refractory to conservative medical therapy. Neurostimulation is a potentially useful treatment option, should the neuropathic pain remain refractory to more invasive procedures such as orchiectomy. We provide a case report of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for successful treatment of genitofemoral neuropathy and have also reviewed the literature to find similar cases which required a similar treatment paradigm.

Case Description:

A 42-year-old male underwent SCS for refractory testicular and groin pain. SCS through a four-column, 2 × 8 contact neurostimulator paddle lead, was implanted in the mid-thoracic-9 (T9) vertebral level, providing > 50% testicular pain relief with a decrease in visual analog scale scores from 8–10/10 to 3–4/10. The patient required one adjustment to the stimulation parameters at the time of the 6 weeks follow-up visit due to over-stimulation. He then continued to experience >50% resolution in pain 9 months later. A review of the literature yielded only two similar cases that successfully utilized SCS for treatment of chronic testicular pain.

Conclusion:

SCS should be considered as a possible treatment option for patients with chronic testicular pain localized to the genitofemoral nerve distribution.
Spatiotemporal images and characters in Yakut heroic epos Olonkho
Authors: Винокуров В.В.
Published: November 2022

В статье пространственно-временные представления и образы в якутском героическом эпосе Олонхо рассматриваются с позиций двух основных философских концепций пространства и времени: субстан- циональной и реляционной. В отечественной и иностранной философской литературе, в исследованиях эпических произведений специальная работа с привлечением оригинального этнического материала из текстов якутского героического эпоса Олонхо по вопросам пространственно-временных представлений и образов еще не проводилась. В опубликованных текстах олонхо обнаруживаются проявления признаков, черт обеих концепций объективистского подхода, с некоторым преобладанием реляционной концепции пространства и времени. В статье привлекаются примеры из наиболее известных опубликованных текстов олонхо, подтверждающие данный тезис автора. Далее автор утверждает, что некоторые старинные едини- цы длины и времени не потеряли свой эвристический потенциал и на сегодняшний день для выражения, создания новых ярких, неожиданных образов и смыслов. Речь идет об эвристическом потенциале многих старинных якутских единиц длины и времени таких, как: илии, сём, харыс, былас, тысы кыл, тонг кёс бы- стынга, кюннюк и т. д. В якутском олонхо мы также находим пространственно-временные представления и образы, выражающие не только количественные, но и качественные характеристики пространственно- временных отношений. В якутском героическом эпосе-олонхо дается качественное описание основных пространственных направлений света: восток, запад, юг, север. Верхний, Средний, Нижний миры якут- ского олонхо также требуют своего качественного описания. Эпический герой олонхо времена года весну, лето, осень и зиму также определяет качественно, а не количественно.
ORAL EPIC TRADITIONS IN CHINA
Authors: Chao Г.
Published: November 2022

There have been rich oral epic traditions in China from the remote past, disseminated among ethnic minority peoples, with three dominant types, namely, heroic epics, creation epics, and origin epics. Scholarly works in epic studies can be traced back to a few centuries ago, with both foreign and domestic scholars’ involvement. Over the past two decades, a new paradigm in epic studies has been shifting from mainly literary concerns towards folkloristic researches in many directions, labelled by some scholars as a “paradigm shift of epic studies”
The facts from the olonkho text ‘’Nyurgun Byogyo” by N. A. Abramov – Kynat
Authors: Попова Г.С.
Published: November 2022

Целью статьи ставится выявление фактов из конкретного текста якутского эпоса олонхо «Ньургун Бөҕө» сказителя Н. А. Абрамова – Кынат из заречного Мегинского улуса саха, могущих быть характерны- ми именно для данного локального стиля сказительства олоҥхолооһун. Методом исследования послужило сравнительное изучение избранного текста на основе разработок якутского эпосоведа Н. В. Емельянова и российского автора Е. Н. Кузьминой, рассмотревших сюжетные линии и типические места в тексте эпоса, а также логический анализ изучаемого текста. Поиск фактических особенностей текста указанного олон- хо помог установить оригинальные места, как описание Мирового Древа Аал Луук мас, празднования на- ционального торжества Ысыах, где среди празднующих оказывается внук Божества-Айыы Иэйэхсит, что по сути своей нетрадиционно. Весть о празднике проникает во враждебный мир, что также особо отме- чается сказителем. Оригинальным является описание игрищ богатыря на Ысыахе. Юный герой посылает Вызов не только Верхнему и Нижнему мирам, Трем Небесам, но и хозяину тайги самому медведю. Работ- ник конюх Сорук Боллур является посланцем из Верхнего мира по имени Күн Күрүө Бухатыыр, что также нетрадиционно. Богатырь перед вступлением в бой по совету Аан Алахчын хотун проходит тройственную подготовку. Анализ полученных результатов исследования будет способствовать формированию навыков чтения, слушания и понимания эпических текстов новыми поколениями, что актуально и своевременно в условиях глобализации и происходящей на ее фоне этнической ассимиляции. Ключевые слова: якутский героический эпос олонхо, Ньургун Бөҕө, локальный текст олонхо, его чте- ние, слушание, понимание новыми поколениями саха, локальный стиль сказительства, сюжетные линии, типические места, фактические особенности.
Kumys in traditional culture of the Yakuts (On the basis of olonkho the Yakut heroic epos)
Authors: Николаева Т.Н.
Published: November 2022

В данной статье рассматривается кумыс не только как компонент традиционной пищи якутов и источ- ник жизненной энергии, но и как важная составляющая традиционной культуры данного народа. В работе дано толкование разновидностей якутского кумыса с целью охарактеризовать каждый вид в соотношении свойств с его употреблением. Якутский напиток – кумыс считается не только любимым напитком в силу своих специфических свойств, это напиток, имеющий важное ритуальное значение в национальной куль- туре народа. В рассматриваемых эпических текстах кумыс описывается как напиток «богатырей» среди других молочных продуктов, которые издревле входят в комплекс традиционной пищи якутов. Гостей угощают не только кумысом, но и другими национальными блюдами. Кумыс и узорный кубок-чорон являются традиционными предметами ритуального угощения не толь- ко гостей, но и становятся главными атрибутами, сопровождающими церемонию умилостивления духов и божеств. Возросший интерес населения к кумысу как напитку, который издревле считался источником долго- летия и здоровья, объясняется осознанным возвращением к истокам, переосмыслением его ценности не только ритуально отмеченной, не только как обязательного атрибута летнего праздника, но и как каждод- невного, полезного и необходимого продукта питания.
One-Bond 13C-13C Spin-Coupling Constants in Saccharides: A Comparison of Experimental and Calculated Values By Density Functional Theory Using Solid-State 13C NMR and X-Ray Crystallography
Authors: Tetrault Timothy , Meredith Reagan , Yoon Mi-Kyung , Canizares Christopher , Oliver Allen , Carmichael Ian , Serianni Anthony
Published: November 2022

Methyl aldohexopyranosides were 13C-labeled at contiguous carbons, crystallized, and studied by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to examine the degree to which density functional theory (DFT) can calculate one-bond 13C-13C spin-coupling constants (1JCC) in saccharides with sufficient accuracy to permit their use in MA’AT analysis (J. Chem. Inf. Model., 2022, 62, 3135–3141). Experimental 1JCC values in crystalline samples of the doubly 13C-labeled compounds were measured by solid-state 13C NMR and compared to those calculated from four different DFT models: (1) 1JCC values calculated from a single structure identical to that observed in crystalline samples by X-ray crystallography; (2) 1JCC values calculated from the same single structure in (1) but allowing all C–H bonds to optimize during the DFT calculations; and (3 and 4) 1JCC values calculated in rotamers of torsion angle theta 2 (C1–C2–O2–O2H) or omega (C4–C5–C6–O6) from which either specific or generalized parameterized equations were obtained and used to calculate 1JCC values in the specific theta 2 or omega rotamer observed in crystalline samples. Good qualitative agreement was observed between calculated 1JCC values and those measured by solid-state 13C NMR regardless of the DFT model, but in no cases were calculated 1JCC values quantitative, differing on average by 4–5% from experimental values. Calculated 1JCC values were consistently larger than experimental values. These findings, and those reported in recent solution NMR studies (Tetrault et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 2022, in press), indicate that improvements in DFT calculations are needed before calculated 1JCC values can be used as reliable constraints in MA’AT analyses of saccharides in solution.
Oxidation-controlled, Strain-Promoted Tellurophene-Alkyne Cycloaddition (OSTAC): A Bioorthogonal Reaction for Fast and Selective Protein Conjugation
Authors: Jia Bu Yong , Nitz Mark
Published: November 2022

Noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) bearing functional groups for bioorthogonal labelling are useful tools for the downstream analysis of nascent polypeptides. However, the methionine analogues commonly used are not optimally recognized by the endogenous protein synthesis machinery. TePhe, a tellurophene bearing phenylalanine analogue, is a promising alternative to the methionine analogues as it is readily accepted, and incorporated, during protein synthesis. However, a bioorthogonal reaction to label TePhe was required to enable protein tagging to facilitate analysis. Here we establish that the tellurophene side chain of TePhe is a potent partner in an oxidation-controlled, strain-promoted tellurophene-alkyne cycloaddition (OSTAC) reaction. Mild oxidation of the tellurophene ring with N-chlorosuccinimide produces a Te(IV) species which undergoes rapid (k > 100 M-1s-1) cycloaddition with bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) resulting in a benzo-fused cyclooctane. Selective reaction of TePhe containing proteins can be achieved in complex protein mixtures. OSTAC reactions can be combined with strain-promoted azide alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) and copper catalyzed azide alkyne click (CuAAC) reactions. The favorable properties of the OSTAC reaction will likely find wide application beyond its use with TePhe in chemical biology.