bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Mechanism Behind the Release of Microcystins in Freshwater Cyanobacteria
Authors:   , Nicolai Rossella
Published: December 2021

The frequency and distribution of toxic cyanobacterial blooms are increasing globally, creating the need for a better understanding of the processes involved in toxic secondary metabolite production. Microcystins (MCs) are potent hepatotoxins produced by a wide range of bloom-forming cyanobacteria genera such as Microcystis and Planktothrix. Although the release of MCs to the extracellular environment has long been considered a by-product of cell lysis and death, several studies suggest the presence of a mechanism that actively transports these toxins outside the cell membrane. The aim of the present study was to find evidence for a link between cell lysis and concentrations of extracellular MCs. A dual-fluorescence cell viability assay using the nucleic acid stain SYTOX Green was optimised for use on Microcystis and Planktothrix. A SYTOX Green concentration of 1 µM, and an incubation time of 30 minutes, yielded a bright and even fluorescent signal that readily identified lysed cells.  The improved staining technique, in conjunction with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses, was employed in a culturing experiment to track the transfer of MCs to the extracellular environment in relation to the amount of cell lysis. For Microcystis, there was a strong and significant positive relationship between cell lysis and the concentration of extracellular MC. When the extracellular MC was predicted according to cell lysis levels and the MC content per cell, lysed cells were a major contributor of MCs to the extracellular environment, although the model overestimated the concentrations. Relationships for Planktothrix were significant but weaker, possibly due to reduced accuracy in the cell enumeration step, which would have altered the calculated MC content per cell.  Whilst these findings support the hypothesis that cell lysis is the main contributor of extracellular MCs, the results do not exclude a role of MCs as signalling molecules. The recent finding that programmed cell death may occur in Microcystis under various environmental conditions may explain the commonly observed increase in extracellular MCs. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the transfer of MCs to the extracellular environment will provide further clarification on the function of these secondary metabolites and lead to the improvement of water quality management strategies.
Additive Alternatives
Authors:   , McQueen Vincent
Published: December 2021

As an island nation, beach and coastline activities play a significant role in daily life in New Zealand. In promoting independent and productive lives for amputees, the New Zealand Artificial Limb Service (NZALS) encourages accessing these environments. However, carbon fibre foot prosthetics can be easily compromised by these conditions, as a result of abrasion and corrosion caused by sand and saltwater. To deliver on their mission statement 2017-2021 the NZALS seeks solutions to this issue (NZALS, 2016).  In response this research project explores the possibility of offering a range of customised lifestyle-specific prosthetics that can be interchanged easily with a carbon-fibre prosthetic, to accommodate different recreational activities and thereby offer greater choice and independence for their patients.   The project focuses on a case study for low-cost durable coastline prosthetic produced through Additive Manufacturing (AM) with Nylon PA-12 using design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) principles to facilitate a product that has a human form and dynamic three-dimensionality. This will be supported by the development of a quick-release coupling system allowing amputees to easily switch between prosthetic foot types for different uses. This incorporates height adjustment, ease of customising foot and fairing combinations and improved usability.   This project has been undertaken in collaboration with the NZALS and uses a two-part design research methodology. Research ‘for’ design has been conducted by summarising, collating, and/or synthesising existing research. This was done through literature reviews, product autopsies and context scenarios. This was followed by a research ‘through’ design approach. The methods used are body storming which enabled research on how the foot functions in the scenario, analogue and digital sketching, CAD modelling, and rapid prototyping through AM.  The project provides future reference points for the NZALS to improve and expand their product offerings and to facilitate their goal of remote service provision.
A comparative study of the leadership preferences of Chinese Millennials and non-Millennials
Authors:   , Wang Yiwan
Published: December 2021

There has been a lack of academic research focusing on the generational differences in leadership preferences in the Chinese context, particularly in terms of the Millennial generation. In what way, if at all, do the leadership preferences of Chinese Millennials differ from those of Chinese non-Millennials? Such was the guiding question of the study I present in this thesis. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare the leadership preferences of Chinese Millennials and non-Millennials, so as to allow academics and organizations to better understand the leadership preferences of Chinese Millennials, and recognize the differences/similarities in leadership preferences between the employees of different generations in China. A total of 460 participants participated in this study (230 are Millennials, 230 non-Millennials), all of whom were Chinese living in mainland China, and full-time workers with at least one year of work experience. The study used a questionnaire to collect data regarding participants’ leadership preferences, which was then analyzed in three steps (i.e., a primary analysis and two follow-up analyses). The results show that, overall, Chinese Millennials have similar leadership preferences to non-Millennials. I draw on relevant literature to theorize about the social and psychological mechanisms that might underpin my findings. Potential explanations include traditional Chinese culture being consolidated and inherited; people having similar fundamental needs (regardless of generational membership), and therefore similar leadership preferences; and the impact of intergenerational interactions and a shared organizational environment. By increasing understanding of the research evidence that exists about leadership preferences across generations, leadership challenges in the multi-generation workforce can be overcome. A better understanding of Millennials’ leadership preferences, as well as differences and similarities in these preferences among different generations, also enables organizations and leaders to better lead the growing number of Millennial employees in China.
Management of Prelabour Rupture of Membranes at Term, at Northland District Health Board.
Authors:   , Hay Rebecca
Published: December 2021

Background Prelabour rupture of membranes at term (PROM) is a subject of interest to women and maternity care providers alike. Management of PROM varies internationally, and regionally within New Zealand, despite the presence of interprofessional consensus statements. Northland District Health Board (NDHB) policy differs from most maternity care facilities by enabling expectant management of labour for women at low risk of transmission of Group β Streptococcus to their baby to extend to 96 hours from time of rupture of membranes. This study aimed to explore whether the NDHB policy was applied in practice and safely served the needs of women and babies in this DHB.  Methods A retrospective quantitative clinical notes review was conducted of files in a one-year sample. The clinical notes of 123 women who had duration from ROM to birth at term of 18 hours or more were reviewed. Statistical comparisons using percentages, means and odds-ratios were made to a one-year sample of all other births at term at NDHB facilities, and with birth data from the New Zealand College of Midwives Clinical Outcomes Research Database (COMCORD).  Findings Variables including demographic data, antenatal and intrapartum care given, time factors and outcomes themselves were reviewed. Few variables impacted outcomes within the PROM sample, though use of intravenous oxytocin was associated with increased epidural use and increased incidence of instrumental birth. Wāhine Māori had an increased incidence of vaginal births but some variables and outcomes highlighted inequities, including reduced antenatal screening, a higher incidence of maternal smoking, severe postpartum haemorrhage, and admission to Special Care Baby Units. Duration splits at 48 and 96 hours were applied to identify whether time increased risks for women or babies, but duration did not appear to be a factor which increased risk. The phenomenon of PROM itself increased risk for women and babies, increasing rates of labour induction, augmentation, epidural use, operative births, postpartum haemorrhage, admission to Special Care Baby Units and decreased exclusive breastfeeding at discharge.  Conclusions The NDHB PROM policy appeared to be applied consistently and did not appear to increase risk for women and babies. Risks were increased for all women with PROM, with some inequitable outcomes for wahine Māori and pēpi. This research provides a comparison which is informative for clinical practice, education, and future research, and supports women’s involvement in decision-making.
ANIMATED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING Designing Dynamic Exhibits with 3D Printing & Pixel Displays
Authors:   , Manapaya Weeratunge Lakjith
Published: December 2021

Physical moving parts are prone to wear and tear. A pixel display can manifest complex motion and realistic images in full colour offering a form of tangibly while being less likely to suffer from wear and tear however, it remains restricted to 2D surfaces. The recent development in voxel-based printing (voxel = 3D pixel) allows multi-material and multi-colour 3D printing to transform images into physical objects. However, during the printing process the capacity to change the pixels colour and position in the future are lost, effectively fusing the digital information. The high demand for immersive experiences in video games, films, museums and interactive products are omnipresent. The combination of pixel display technology and multi-material 3D printing is a potential avenue to create immersive experiences to feed this high demand.
The Quietist Posit: A Methodologically Agnostic Resolution to the Problem of Qualia
Authors:   , Quartermaine-Bragg Nicolas
Published: December 2021

This thesis paper addresses the aim and methodology of an argument by Daniel Dennett (1988; 1992), who proposes an eliminativism with regards to the referent of the term “qualia”. Dennett’s argument centres on the purported failure for any property to meet the criteria for this term widely found in traditional philosophical literature. Dennett argues that this failure may be demonstrated as a result of the term failing to refer to any property which contains naturalistic methodological verification conditions.  I provide, in this paper, an outline of two key historical arguments by W.V. Quine and Ludwig Wittgenstein, respectively, whose influence on Dennett’s position will help clarify a certain vulnerability in the latter’s argument. I then provide a series of arguments to serve as important counterexamples to the methodology employed by Dennett which, I argue, reveal a dialectical stalemate between two sets of competing methodologies –methodological naturalism and phenomenology. I argue that this stalemate is indicative of a methodological underdetermination with regards to the question of whether qualia exist. I refer to this as the “methodological problem of qualia”.  I then propose that a resolution may be found for this problem by adopting a methodological agnosticism. I argue that upon this agnosticism, it is possible to positively assert methodological verification conditions according to which it may be determined whether the term “qualia” refers to a property which contains naturalistic methodological verification conditions. I argue that these are the conditions which hold upon the explicitly conditional, or “methodological”, assumption of a naturalistic methodological verificationism, as opposed to a phenomenological methodology, or vice versa.  I conclude that, under these conditions, the term “qualia” therefore may succeed in referring to a property which contains naturalistic methodological verification conditions. As such, I propose that Dennett is incorrect: neither the term nor its referent merit elimination, but rather the latter a quietist resolution, and the former its own meaningful place in language.
Patching up the differences: An exploration into Whanganui gang identity
Authors:   , Sayles Feona
Published: December 2021

The District Council (Prohibition of Gang Insignia) Act 2009 (‘Gang Insignia Act 2009’) came into force in 2009 and prohibited the ‘display’ of ‘gang insignia’ within ‘specified areas’ of the Whanganui District. The purported aim of the legislation was to reduce intimidation of the public and confrontations between gangs. There was no requirement for intent on the part of the wearer of the insignia. This made the Whanganui gang insignia ban unique in terms of criminal law as it maintained that harm was inflicted due to group identity rather than specific conduct. This raises the question of how an identity can be constructed so that it is considered capable of causing criminal harm. To address this question, this research looked at the ways in which the media contributed to the construction of gang identity during the period of 2004 to 2013. This was achieved through (1) a content analysis of reports from three print newspapers and two online newspapers, (2) a content analysis of reader interactions with the reports, and (3) a textual analysis of two print newspapers. The research was guided by moral panic theory so looked for ways in which the events related to stages or elements of moral panic. The focus of the moral panic was also expanded so as to explore the overall context operating at the particular time. It was found that the events did correspond to a moral panic model and that whilst the panic was triggered by key occurrences of gang violence, the underlying motive for the panic could be attributed to racial tensions, penal populism, and the use of a terrorist frame. Whilst this research focuses on the construction of gang identity, the techniques used by the media can be applicable to other group identities.
Ngā Ohaoha a Te Matatini Measuring the Kapa Haka Economy
Authors:   , Takoko Mere
Published: December 2021

While this thesis largely examines the economic contribution of Kapa Haka, it also sets out a framework to inform future research to ensure that the inequalities of today will not be visited upon the mokopuna of tomorrow. Māori aspirations for a better future are inextricably linked to wellbeing and identity. This research builds on previous reports commissioned by Te Matatini Kapa Haka Aotearoa (Te Matatini) that provide qualitative research on the subject matter. It largely draws on new quantitative data and focusses on Te Matatini as a case study by investigating the nature and extent of funding disparities in its current funding compared with other national performing arts organisations. The research addresses two main research questions: whether funding currently allocated to Te Matatini under the Vote Arts, Culture and Heritage appropriation is equitable considering its biennial economic contribution and service performance record. Secondly, how can tikanga Māori inform a framework able to measure the broader wellbeing impacts of Kapa Haka and the social return on investment achieved by Te Matatini’s programme of regional and national Kapa Haka events. To assess whether government is realising the best value for money from its investment into the arts, culture and heritage sector, the thesis calls for greater transparency and consistency in the level of funding currently received by Māori agencies and initiatives across the sector. It concludes with a recommendation that the Executive Government should seek to undertake a review of the sector ecosystem to develop fit-for-purpose and targeted policy settings that ‘insure’ Māori arts are better valued and supported. The research argues that a central element of any future national arts strategy should provide for greater equity for Māori across the sector along with pathways to grow Māori arts, culture and heritage as a central pillar of Māori development and national wellbeing. Its key recommendation is that the Government should seek to increase its investment into Māori arts agencies and practitioners by establishing a new appropriation focused on growing the Māori cultural and creative sector.
Infodemia en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Maruri Orbea Pedro Rafael , Gonzabay Jiménez Ximena Melissa , Córdova Molina Cristhian Javier , Quiroz Moncerrad Leonardo Xavier
Published: December 2021

Los últimos dos años de existencia de esta generación quedará marcado en la historia personal y mundial. El brote de un nuevo coronavirus y las implicaciones que la enfermedad que produce ha dictado las pautas sociales, económicas, políticas de la vida en el mundo. La pandemia de la COVID-19, en el Siglo XXI se desarrolla en un contexto informacional y tecnológico distinto y superior a las que le preceden, el número de teorías alternativas y su propagación a través de las redes han sido superadas enormemente la experiencia vivida. La OMS tuvo que organizar una conferencia de prensa con el único propósito de frenar lo que llamó una “peligrosa epidemia de información falsa”. “Infodemia” es el término con el que la definió. Con el fin de hacer un resumen de este flagelo, nos hemos propuesto realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los estudios y opiniones acerca de la “Infodemia” en tiempos de COVID-19. El término llegó para quedarse, a pesar de que en la practica ha existido, tal como las pandemias, la diferencia que se ha evidenciado es que vivimos la era de las comunicaciones, y cada vez resulta mas complejo poseer mecanismos que protejan al publico de este tipo de flagelos, en tiempos en donde el confinamiento ha marcado la pauta de vida, los medios de comunicación han sido una herramienta beneficiosa para mantener las comunicaciones y con ellas de cierto modo la vida, en medio de una dinámica social, económica y política que no terminamos de conocer. Del COVID-19 aun no hay información definitiva, a lo largo de estos dos años nos queda claro que aun el reto es seguir conociendo y manejarnos con cautela. Las nuevas cepas del virus nos mantienen en alerta. Manejar la información que salve vidas es la meta.
Síndrome de Guillain Barre
Authors: Cabrera Dutan Karen Michelle , Cabrera Dutan Wilson Andrés , Naranjo Arellano Karol Anthonela , Chasi Chiluisa Richard Alexis
Published: December 2021

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) es la neuropatía paralítica aguda más frecuente en el mundo, es un trastorno benigno que ocasiona debilidad en las extremidades, seguida de una recuperación total de los síntomas. Este trastorno neurológico es una poli-neuropatía aguda mixta, desmielinizante y axonal que puede aparecer en cualquier edad, aunque es más frecuente en la infancia que posterior a una infección de los tractos respiratorios superior o inferior o a una gastroenteritis. Este síndrome es la causa más frecuente de parálisis fláccida en los países desarrollados. La irrupción de la nueva pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2, se ha convertido en una amenaza para la población mundial, y ha llevado al límite a los sistemas sanitarios. A pesar de que la clínica respiratoria es la predominante en el COVID-19, ya se han reportado algunos estudios informando de las manifestaciones neurológicas secundarias. Por lo anterior la propuesta investigativa se direcciona a refrescar los estudios pasados y presentes acerca del Síndrome de Guillain Barre para aportar una alerta en los estudios disponibles recientes que refieren aun al conocimiento de las implicaciones médicas de la COVID-19 para propiciar el debate referente a la prevalencia del SGB durante la pandemia o en medio de sus secuelas. Se seleccionó la información de acuerdo a los criterios de pertinencia y correlatividad temática, en publicaciones, revistas, artículos académicos y científicos, originales, revisiones sistemáticas, protocolos, libros, boletines, folletos, tesis de posgrado y doctorado, noticias científicas, entre otros documentos e información de interés científico y académico publicados bajo índices como PuBMed, Dialnet y Scielo principalmente. Se considera oportuno tener en cuenta este síndrome dada la confirmación de incidencia durante brotes virales y su etiología en pacientes previamente contagiados de virus o inmunosuprimidos. El SGB, como hemos rescatado es completo y atípico, no por ello deja de ser menos peligroso. Uno de los aspectos que llama la atención es que para su recuperación el tiempo no ha de ser determinado, la progresividad de los síntomas simpatizan con la de las mejorías, pero lo que es interesante es la atención oportuna del personal médico multidisciplinario y la disposición de los cuidados esenciales para las labores cotidianas que el paciente suele mostrarse imposibilitado de cumplir por las parálisis sufridas. Es una enfermedad que demanda tiempo, dedicación y equipamiento disponible debido a la posibilidad de su manejo a través de la UCI.
Problem odpowiedzialności odszkodowawczej państw za szkody środowiskowe, w tym klimatyczne
Authors: Nyka Maciej
Published: December 2021

Autor poddaje analizie pierwszy w historii wyrok Międzynarodowego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości dotyczący szacowania wysokości odszkodowania za szkody środowiskowe. Autor analizuje go pod kątem możliwości realizacji roszczeń odszkodowawczych w odniesieniu do szkód klimatycznych. Autor co do zasady zgadza się z przyjętymi przez MTS zasadami, jednakże krytykuje część ustaleń faktycznych oraz wysokość zasądzonego odszkodowania.
Gloria Valencia de Castaño tradición y trasgresión en voz de la primera dama de la radio colombiana, 1951-1966
Authors:   10.28970/9789585498662.04, Moná Ramírez Daniela
Published: December 2021

Este estudio se ocupa de la participación de Gloria Valencia de Castaño en la radiodifusión colombiana entre el comienzo de la década de 1950 y mediados de la década de 1960. Valencia de Castaño es conocida como “la primera dama de la televisión colombiana”. Hoy en día siguen siendo muchas las personas que la recuerdan por su aparición en programas como “Carta de Colombia” (RTI Televisión, 1970-1979) y “Naturalia” (RTI, 1974-1993). Aun cuando fue su participación en la televisión lo que la posicionó en la memoria de los colombianos, este capítulo postula que su triunfo en la pantalla chica es “la puntada final” de una carrera adelantada y consolidada en la radio. Analizamos la voz femenina en la radio en general y, específicamente, la importancia que tuvo el quehacer radiofónico de Valencia de Castaño para abrirle espacios a la participación de mujeres en contextos tradicionalmente masculinizados. Nuestras principales fuentes documentales son registros de los programas radiales “Cosas de mujeres” (1951-1955) y “El espacio de Gloria” (1965-1966). Este material fue producido y difundido en su momento por la HJCK: el mundo en Bogotá, una de las primeras emisoras culturales independientes en el país y donde Valencia era la principal voz femenina.
Análisis de la industria manufacturera en el estado de Hidalgo
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE HIDALGO, Hernández Calzada Martín Aubert
Published: December 2021

La Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo de acuerdo con el Plan de Desarrollo Institucional 2011-2017 se ha fijado tres objetivos estratégicos relacionados con la investigación y el posgrado para lograr la visión 2017: 1) Fortalecer la investigación y la transferencia del conocimiento para alcanzar el desarrollo integral de la uaeh, 2) Mantener y mejorar los indicadores de la capacidad académica para garantizar la calidad docente y 3) Fortalecer los indicadores de la competitividad académica en investigación y posgrado. Sin lugar a dudas, objetivos esenciales que coadyuvan a una vinculación permanente con los sectores económicos, productivos y sociales. El Instituto de Ciencias Económico Administrativas (icea) por medio de sus Cuerpos Académicos se ha acercado a los sectores productivos de la región con la disposición de involucrarse en proyectos de investigación, que permitan conocer la realidad de su situación y estimular su crecimiento, buscando estrategias para el desarrollo del estado de Hidalgo. Los integrantes del Cuerpo Académico Administración de las Organizaciones, Estrategia y Competitividad del icea en el campo de la investigación, han participado en los últimos años en diversos proyectos, Perfil financiero y administrativo de las pequeñas empresas, Análisis estratégico para el desarrollo de la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa en el estado de Hidalgo, Desarrollo de cluster de turismo sustentable en el Valle del Mezquital y Dirección y órganos de gobierno de la empresa familiar, mismos que permitieron a los investigadores interactuar con organismos públicos y privados, así como con un número importante de unidades económicas del estado de Hidalgo.
Caries dental
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pontigo Loyola América Patricia , Medina Solís Carlo Eduardo , Márquez Corona María de Lourdes , Atitlán Gil Alfonso
Published: December 2021

En la actualidad las necesidades de la sociedad se vuelven más complejas, por lo que los profesionales de la salud bucodental deben cumplir con funciones sustantivas de pertinencia y calidad, deben buscar impulsar la investigación y la transferencia de la tecnología para vincularse con sus pares nacionales e internacionales, así como con la sociedad y la iniciativa privada. La presente obra es el resultado del esfuerzo de muchas personas comprometidas con la profesión y con la sociedad. Los estudiantes universitarios tienen en sus manos la salud bucodental de la sociedad y el apoyo para conocer la caries dental que se brinda en este material, coordinado, con una visión didáctico-pedagógica, en su elaboración, se concibe como una herramienta para establecer las bases epidemiológicas para acercarse a la realidad y el entorno del problema, entenderlo a profundidad y dar sustento a los procesos de intervención, a los cuales podrán acercarse con otros materiales. La caries dental es un problema de salud de alcance mundial que afecta a los países industrializados y, cada vez con mayor frecuencia, a los países en desarrollo, en especial entre las comunidades más pobres. Los efectos de las enfermedades bucodentales en términos de dolor, sufrimiento, deterioro funcional y disminución de la calidad de vida son considerables y costosos. Se estima que el tratamiento representa entre el 5% y el 10% del gasto sanitario de los países industrializados, y está por encima de los recursos de muchos países en desarrollo. Con el cambio en las condiciones de vida la caries dental aumenta en muchos países en desarrollo, sobre todo debido al creciente consumo de azúcares y a una exposición insuficiente al flúor.
Estudios de política criminal y transversalidad de género
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Gómez Tapia José Luis
Published: December 2021

Esta obra es producto del proyecto desarrollado por el cuerpo académico Justicia Constitucional y Derechos Humanos, intitulado La protección y la justiciabilidad de los derechos fundamentales de la mujer en el sistema penal mexicano. Una aproximación a la igualdad sustancial y las relaciones de género, que ha sido financiado por la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través del Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (promep) en su modalidad de Apoyo al Fortalecimiento de los Cuerpos Académicos. El libro, conformado por tres capítulos, contiene importantes reflexiones jurídicas en torno a un tema fundamental: el proceso de institucionalización de la perspectiva de género en México en las tres funciones en las que se ejerce el poder penal del Estado, como una contribución al debate sobre la situación actual de la igualdad sustancial y la no discriminación de las mujeres sujetas a este poder en los espacios de procuración de justicia, impartición de justicia y ejecución penal en México.
Análisis estratégico para el desarrollo de la MiPyme en el estado de Hidalgo
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hernández Calzada Martín Aubert , Salazar Hernández Blanca Cecilia , Mendoza Moheno Jessica , Estrada Bárcenas Roberto
Published: December 2021

Las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MiPyme) en el mundo, conforman la mayor parte del enramado empresarial, destacando por la importancia que representan a la economía de los países, debido fundamentalmente a su gran capacidad de generación de empleo, así como al papel primordial que juegan como generadoras de riqueza. Por ello, la gran importancia de su estudio y seguimiento en los ámbitos, empresarial, político, económico y académico. Si bien es cierto, hoy en día, existe un mayor conocimiento sobre sus características y sus relaciones con el entorno económico, las MiPyme siguen necesitadas de fundamentos operativos que, de forma continua, pongan de manifiesto su problemática y sus estrategias al objeto de facilitar la toma de decisiones, tanto desde un punto de vista de política interna de la empresa para su gestión, como de política nacional o internacional, para determinar y fijar programas de actuación acertados y con suficiente tiempo de anticipación.
IMPACT OF MEDICAL REPRESENTATIVES ON ACCEPTANCE OF HIGH PRICED PRESCRIPTION DRUGS BY DOCTORS: A STUDY
Authors: Silveira Cedric Thomas
Published: December 2021

Do rapport and information have any bearing on doctors’ preference for high priced products? This was the study undertaken by me. Doctors in urban areas usually do not have the time to develop rapport with the medical representatives and as a result should not accept high priced products. On the other hand information too will not influence prescription of high priced products because they depend upon peer advice, seminars and conferences and evaluation tests. The situation among rural doctors is different wherein they should welcome medical representatives and their information and develop a rapport with them and thereby prescribe high priced products. However it was seen that developing a rapport was not enough for rural doctors to prescribe high priced products as they looked into the affordability of their patients first. However information was accepted and even high priced products were prescribed by doctors. On the other hand urban doctors were not influenced by either rapport or information and depended on conferences, seminars, peer advice and evaluation tests before prescribing high priced products. The study was conducted on 200 urban doctors and 200 rural doctors in Goa. A personal interview was conducted wherein the questionnaire was direct and structured. Pearson’s coefficient of correlation was used to determine if information and rapport had any correlation with doctors prescribing high priced products.
Effect of Problem-Based Learning Integrated Local Wisdom on Student Hots and Scientific Attitude
Authors: Hikmawati Hikmawati , Suastra I Wayan , Suma Ketut , Sudiatmika A.A. Istri Agung Rai , Rohani Rohani
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) integrated with local wisdom on Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and students' scientific attitudes. Local wisdom used is a tourist objects on the island of Lombok. The topic of learning is the interaction of living things on Senggigi Beach, Sesaot Forest, and Mount Rinjani. The research method used is quantitative with a posttest only control group design. The population of this study includes 6 classes with 172 7th grade students at SMP Negeri 16 Mataram. Samples were taken using cluster random sampling technique, class 7C became the experimental class (32 students), while class 7F became the control class (21 students). The HOTS test instrument is in the form of an essay while the student's scientific attitude instrument is in the form of an observation sheet. Statistical analysis used one-way MANOVA and analyzed using SPSS 25 application. Hypothesis test results showed differences in HOTS and students' scientific attitudes with PBL models and conventional learning. The mean of HOTS and scientific attitude in the experimental class is superior to the control class. The test of between-subjects effects for the HOTS variable and scientific attitude shows differences in HOTS and scientific attitudes due to differences in learning models. Therefore, the PBL model integrated with local wisdom has an effect on HOTS and students' scientific attitudes.
Stiff “Left Atrial” syndrome post-mustard procedure
Authors: Joshua A Cowgill , Adrian M Moran
Published: December 2021

Objectives: We describe the clinical course and management of two patients with post-capillary pulmonary hypertension due to diffuse pulmonary venous baffle calcification decades post-Mustard procedure. Background: From the late 1950s to the early 1990s, the definitive surgical repair for children with D-transposition of the great vessels (D-TGA) was an atrial switch procedure (either Senning or Mustard operation) which utilizes atrial-level baffles to shunt pulmonary venous blood to the morphologic right (systemic) ventricle and caval blood to the morphologic left (sub-pulmonary) ventricle. From a hemodynamic standpoint, baffle leaks and stenoses as well as precapillary pulmonary hypertension have all been described as both early and late complications [1]. Recently, delayed post-capillary pulmonary hypertension (in the absence of discrete baffle obstruction) decades post-atrial switch has also been described [2]. The underlying pathophysiology for this postcapillary pulmonary hypertension is unclear but is theorized to involve impaired diastology referable to the pulmonary venous baffle. Methods/Results: Using hemodynamic and imaging data, we describe two patients with extensive pulmonary venous baffle calcification and resultant pulmonary hypertension from the so-called “stiff left atrial (LA) syndrome.” This problem can be difficult to treat medically and is not amenable to catheter-based interventions. We hypothesize that this is an underlying mechanism for pulmonary hypertension in at least some post-Mustard and Senning patients. Conclusion: We describe the treatments and clinical course for each of these patients, and in particular describe how the surgical revision of the pulmonary venous baffle in one case led to the complete resolution of symptoms.
Bibliometric Analysis on Air Cargo Transportation for Two Decades
Authors: YILDIZ Ramazan , TAŞDEMİR Murat
Published: December 2021

This study examines the scientific studies on Air Cargo via bibliometric analysis for two decades. The aim of study is determining the intellectual structure of the air cargo focused studies, reveal its evolutionary development in the area and identify the research gaps or topics for further studies may be needed. Dimensions database was used to obtain bibliometric data. “Air Cargo” OR “Air Freight” AND “Supply Chain Management” keyword combination was selected to define the primary focused area. “Commerce, Management and Tourism” or “Transportation and Freight Services” or “Business and Management” sub-categories defined as research content. 492 journal articles were analysed with bibliometric techniques and WosViewer software used for visualization. Analysis indicates that most of citied and majority of published articles had found place on interdisciplinary researches. Studies which are linked to production, management and international supply chain operations got more attention compared to focused solely on air cargo ones. Besides, USA, UK and China were determined as most productive countries and Cranfield University was ranked first among institutions. According to another result, two main clusters were also observed in collaborations between universities/institutions as Eastern and Western settled. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management was determined the leader of journals. Only journal which focused solely aviation research is Journal of Air Transport Management. With rising trend and new developments in both aviation and supply chain management are foreseen that researches in the area will sustain its rising trend in the future. Especially environmental, e-trade, labour and other interdisciplinary issues will need to be examined deeply.
Dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart diseases
Authors: Chibuzo Carole Nweze  , Eneh Williams Nebechukwu  , Muhammad Yusuf Bawa
Published: December 2021

Dietary fiber is the portion of plant-derived food that cannot be completely broken down by human digestive enzymes. Dietary fibers can be grouped generally by their solubility, viscosity, and fermentation, which affect how fibers are processed in the body. Dietary fiber has two main components: soluble fiber and insoluble fiber, which are components of plant foods, such as legumes, whole grains and cereals, vegetables, fruits, and nuts or seeds. Consumption of cereals, vegetable and fruit may lower the risk of coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build-up of plaque on the arteries of the heart. Dietary fiber makes three primary contributions: bulking, viscosity and fermentation. The bulking effect of some fibers reduces constipation and the risk of colon disease because they absorb water, which increases bulking and promotes regularity. Viscosity effects on fibers reduce the absorption of cholesterol and other nutrients because of the formation of gels that attenuate postprandial blood glucose and lipid rises. The formation of gels also slows gastric emptying, maintaining levels of satiety and contributing towards less weight gain. In the fermentation process, the bacteria GIT helps to digest fiber through a process of microbial fermentation to generate short chain fatty acids like acetate, propionate and butyrate. Butyrate binds to G-protein coupled receptors on the brush borders of intestinal lining and trigger a signal cascade that release GLP-1 and PYY. These peptides behave like hormones to trigger satiety. One of the reasons for eating fiber rich foods is because they promote satiety and prevent uncontrollable quest for food. People that eat food low in fiber experience over feeding issues. When people over eat they consume more calories leading to weight gain and that contributes to obesity. Obesity is the accumulation of fats in fat tissues. Excess fats are converted to cholesterol (LDL) which accumulates on the walls of the arteries and prevent the flow of blood to the heart. This is prevented when an individual consumes foods rich in fiber.
Physical and nutritional activity as an intervention against obesity
Authors: Guillermina Arenas Montaño  , Ramírez Cortes Ariel
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are the most dominant chronic non-communicable pathologies of the century, causing metabolic diseases, such as Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension. With WHO data indicating that since 1980 it has more than doubled worldwide, in 2008 1.5 billion adults were overweight, of this number 200 million men were obese and 300 million were obese women. Such is the impact that the WHO declared obesity and overweight as a worldwide epidemic. Objective: To identify the integral health status of university students by means of a clinical history, healthy and unhealthy lifestyles related to nutrition and physical activity. Method: We studied a population of 50 students, 19 males and 31 females, of different degrees of the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, with overweight and obesity, and interested in improving their eating habits and lifestyles and are attended in the clinics of the disease prevention program (PROSALUD). Results: There was a statistical reduction in the average BMI and abdominal circumference, but no decrease in the percentage of body fat. Conclusions: Constancy in physical activity is a vital constant in weight reduction, along with diet, however described this in the literature that more time is required with this discipline to obtain statistical significance in the reduction of body fat, it is highly recommended the intervention plan used in the PROSALUD program to attend students with overweight and metabolic problems
An analysis of the effect of procurement practices on public institutions: an examination of Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (mmdas) in the Ashanti region of Ghana
Authors: Moisob Adamu  , Kelvin Gyamfi  , Graham Billa
Published: December 2021

Governments in both affluent and developing countries employ procurement strategies to decrease costs, resulting in large cash outflows that have a substantial influence on their economy. However, especially in the public sector, public procurement practices are usually disregarded in terms of their impact on an organization's success. As a result, utilizing Metropolitan, Municipal, and Distract Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana's Ashanti Region as case study institutions, it is unavoidable to investigate public sector procurement practices and their impact on organizational performance. The survey study design was used to map out the data collection process. A purposively sampled cohort of 113 people was used to administer the questionnaire. Using the Probit Regression Model, the study claims that procurement practices such as planning, sourcing, and contract management have a substantial positive link with organizational success. Given the interdependence of all dimensions of procurement practices, procurement practitioners are urged to give each factor proportionate attention to improve organizational performance.
Management of occupational exposure for pregnant employee in diagnostic radiology
Authors: Samia Abdelgauom Fathelrahman Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation can occur in a range of industries, medical institutions, educational and research establishments. Most radiation protection programs, regulations and guidance apply specific restrictions to the occupational exposure of pregnant workers. Both worker and the employer carry responsibility towards safety. The pregnant worker and her conceptus are best protected in a facility that uses best practices for radiation safety. This article reviews was aimed to notify radiology managers and technologists in their management with pregnant workers. The paper describes conceptus doses for worker that are associated with radiology practice, reviews the risks and effects of in utero irradiation, and summarizes the current international and professional organizations policies, guidelines and practical aspects regarding the diagnostic radiologic examinations. Conclusion: careful planning, and minimization of radiation dose by engaging proper radiation safety measures as needed, can allow medical staff to perform duties and normal activities without incurring significant risks to the fetus.
Workplace Spirituality, Perceived Organizational Support, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors:   Maranatha Christian University, Indonesia, Mariana Ana , Hadianto Bram , Nur Nur , Suyanto Catherine
Published: December 2021

This research investigates the effect of workplace spirituality and perceived organizational support on the organizational citizenship behavior of the employees working at one of the factories in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The number of employees becomes the population is 404, and the total samples are 198, obtained by the Isaac and Michael formula and taken by simple random technique. Moreover, we utilize the survey and structural equation model based on covariance to receive the responses from the employees through questionnaires and analyze the proposed effects through hypothesis examination. To conclude, this research demonstrates that workplace spirituality is needed to enhance employees' organizational citizenship behavior level. Meanwhile, perceived organizational support does not. Based on this evidence, some implications are also discussed.
Behavior Analysis Herding of Indonesian Stock Exchange (Case Study of Stocks Listed in LQ45 Index)
Authors:   University of “Veteran” National Development Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Ediningsih Sri Isworo , Verananda Atika , Yacobus Aryono
Published: December 2021

Decision making in the capital market is not always based on rational considerations. Investors' actions are also influenced by psychological characteristics that emerge as human innate nature. These psychological characteristics will encourage different investor reactions. This study aims to test the indications of behavior herding on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2006 to 2010. This study uses a sample of companies listed in the LQ45 index of 62 companies. The herding detection method is the CSAD (Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation) method from Chang et al (2000). The variables used were dispersion value, returns absolute market and returns market squares. The data return used is derived from returns weekly for 260 weeks. The results in this study are no discovery of behavior herding on the Indonesia Stock Exchange either overall (5 years) or every year.
Integrated Dental Health Monitoring using Smart Tooth Brush and Application
Authors:   Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Indonesia, Salikun Salikun , Supriyana Supriyana , Suwarsono Suwarsono , Kusmana Aan , Setiadi Yuwono
Published: December 2021

Dental and oral health is the main need of people, including to children. Since, about 60 – 90% of children are suffering from dental caries. The prevention of dental caries is an important part of conducting. The digitalization era has influenced the dental and oral health education. Tooth brushing is one way to keep dental and oral health. However, the proper tooth brushing has not been achieved by children. Our objective is to conduct dental and oral health programs for children by creating a smart tooth brush named TOMON (Tooth Monster Hunter) and an application of monitoring named SIMOGI (Sistem Monitoring Kesehatan Gigi / Dental Health Monitoring System). We undertook this study by planning the monitoring system. The monitoring system is divided into three parties: dental therapist, parent and children. Dental therapists and parents are collaborated to handle and educate children about proper tooth brushing. Second, is the analysis of the requirement. The analysis stage consists of application program content. The last is the prototyping stage. In the prototyping stage, the smart toothbrush TOMON and application SIMOGI were made. The results of the research are the smart toothbrush TOMON and SIMOGI application can be used for health promotion for the children.
SOSIO ANTROPOLOGI
Authors: Hasyim Nurul Bahjah
Published: December 2021

Komsumsi makanan utama merupakan bagian paling besar dalam pola hidangan di indonesia.pola makanan adalah suatu cara seseorang maupun kelompok memanfaatkan bahan makanan yang tersedia sebagai respon terhadap kondisi ekonomi serta sosial budayayang sedang terjadi.masalah gizi kini sangat luas, gizi tidak hanya berhubungan dengan masalah soal ekonomi, budaya,pendidikan serta lingkungan. faktor budaya sebenarnya masalah yang menyebabkan terjadinya kemiskinana yang tertentu berdampak pada masalah gizi.
SOSIOANTROPOLOGI BUDAYA GIZI DAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Anggriani Irma
Published: December 2021

Budaya memiliki pengaruh yang besar dalam menentukan pola makan masyarakat tertentu. Masih banyak pantangan serta mitos yang masih dipercayai masyarakat mengenai pola makan. Makanan adalah suatu unsur budaya yang mencirikan budaya komunitas tertentu. Di Indonesia, keberagaman suku yang dimiliki menyebabkan adanya perbedaan dalam pemilihan makanan pokok. Berbagai sistim budaya memberikan peranan dan nilai yang berbeda-beda terhadap makanan, misalnya bahan-bahan makanan tertentu oleh suatu budaya masyarakat dapat dianggap tabu atau bersifat pantangan untuk dikonsumsi karena alasan sakral tertentu atau sistim budaya yang terkait didalamnya.