bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of dysmenorrhic pain among students; its impact and management
Authors: Firdous Uzma , Fatima Noaima , Yasmeen Ghazala , Naz Lubna
Published: May 2020

Background: Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynecological problem affecting 60-70% of the adolescent menstruating females. It has been widely neglected but it known to affect the quality of life and is the major cause of absenteeism among adolescent females. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and impact of dysmenorrhea and the management strategies used by the students.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2015 at University of Karachi. A total of 350 female university students were randomly selected and dysmenorrhea was assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire. Data regarding demographic characteristics like age, physical measurements, dietary habits, family history, menstrual history, pattern of pain, pain intensity, stress and use of pharmacological agents used for coping was collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 20.

Results: A total of 350 female students were enrolled in the study, of which 300 reported having dysmenorrhea with high prevalence in follicular phase i.e. 36%. The pain characteristics were also recorded and cramping pain was reported by 20.6% of students followed by stabbing (18.6%) and abdominal distention (9.3%). Among the major associated systemic complaints with dysmenorrhea were headache (54.7%), nausea (50%), LBP (50%) and bloating (43.3%). Majority of females preferred medication for pain relief, ibuprofen was the drug of choice (14%) followed by paracetamol (12%). Among non-pharmacological approaches, relaxing therapy was ideal according to 18.6% of students.    

Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent cause of distress among the female students, although the condition is prevalent it is considered as a general complaint and mostly neglected. This menstrual complication is coupled with various symptoms that affect daily activities and quality of life.
Why I March?
Authors: Faiza Ahmed
Published: May 2020

The tale is as old as time, women have been fighting for their rights for centuries. Their lives have always been restricted, and the rationale is unelucidated. They constantly face inequality in the society, be it in the western world or more conservative countries of the world. It never came easy for women; they not only had to raise voice for the basic rights which their counterparts are already endowed with.

In 1913, first big rally was arranged by Woman Suffrage Procession, it was the first big public meeting in Washington D.C. for sanction voting for women in the entire country of United States of America. The March was attended by many women and sadly the March was attacked by police of Washington State, injuring around 300 women. The state police also mentioned “There would be nothing like this happen if you would have stayed at home”. Even though in some states of USA, women were permitted to vote since 1869 however, the entire country did not get the right to vote until 1919, which was a big achievement for the women globally. Women of USA and Europe have had many public gatherings to increase awareness about importance of being an equal citizen in the society.
Creative destruction caused by the cosmetic products; A false signal
Authors: Syeda Farah Batool  , Yusra Saleem  , Stephen Riaz  , Sadaf Ahmed
Published: May 2020

Background: The Cosmetic industry now dominates the global standards of beauty due to the unreal definition of an ideal appearance. Advertising companies are playing with the human psychology and have displayed such a perfect body image that now people feel disappointed with their natural appearance and tend to opt the cosmetic products for a perfect look. The purpose of this research was to explore the attitude and opinion of females regarding cosmetic products and to evaluate the factors of self-esteem, makeup involvement and makeup satisfaction.

Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2018. A total of 107 females from diverse affiliations were enrolled in the study. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire inquiring the respondent’s demographic details, together with the information regarding cosmetics use, preferences and perceptions etc. Five-point Likert scale was used for rating the level of happiness/satisfaction with and without makeup and questions pertaining to the responder’s perception of self-image and makeup involvement. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0.      

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 21.5±4.68 years and the age when they first started wearing makeup was 17.14±2.87 years. Based on the results, 42.1% females were very happy with their natural face features without makeup while 55.1% preferred applying makeup. Moreover, latest trends (64.8%), discounts (17.6%), advertisements (16.7%) and morning shows (3.7%) were among the major sources capturing females for cosmetic purchase. 57.0% were involved in cosmetic purchase monthly and 30.8% were those spending 1000 to 2000 PKR per month on cosmetic products. Women mostly preferred cosmetic products for facial care (43.9%) and to improve self-image (28.0%). Although 55.1% of them preferred wearing no makeup to school or work while 39.3% would wear little makeup.  Regarding the cosmetic use and purpose, 41.1% females strongly agreed to the fact that they feel good when their makeup is good. Moreover, 15.0% voted for confidence and desirability and 13.1% agreed that it is mainly used for hiding flaws.     

Conclusion: Although equal number of women reported loving their natural features without makeup as compared to those preferring makeup but it might be indicative of personal bias as it is evident that the women today wants to be seen confident and attractive. The unbreakable trend set by cosmetic companies and media marketers completely influenced the society and for fulfilling the desires for ideality we reach out to hide all odds.
Forgotten History of empowered women
Authors: Muhammad Moiz Khan
Published: May 2020

Background: Since the time immemorial half of the humanity has been ignored and hardly mentioned in the history book compared to the other half of humanity. History has been written by men, of men and for men. There is tons of literature talking about and glorifying kings, generals, lords, inventors, poets, writers, philosophers, artists, that were men. However not much literary work has been produced on the same scale to exalt the other gender.

Methodology: The literature search was employed through electronic databases including Embase, PubMed, Research gate, Scopus & Google Scholar. The most difficult question to settle before embarking upon this research was which personalities should be selected for fulfilling the criteria of the research. Eventually selection was made covering most parts of the globe since ancient times.

Results: The study of history reveals the fact that women in the past have contributed in almost every field yet they were just mentioned in margins of history and as a support, rather than the main characters. Although women have influenced in many fields but this study revolves around few empowered women who influenced socio-political arena of their time and space.

Conclusion: It has become imperative to bring the forgotten past of these women to build upon the rational of gender equality.
An Assessment of Gender Inequality: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Azeema Begam  , Nooreen Mujahid
Published: May 2020

Background: The gender assessment highlights the prevailing gap in multiple dimensions that exist between males and females, and challenges which Pakistan faces related to gender issues. Achieving this objective requires in-depth understanding of economic and non-economic factors because the existing data only provide gender differences in selected dimensions such as, education, health, political and labour force participation. Moreover, gender gap is observable due to lack of access to resources and opportunities, constrains on female’s mobility, lack of education and information.

Methodology: The study presents a detailed gender assessment to explore gender gap in political participation, health, education and economic activity in Pakistan.  The analysis is based on the secondary data drawn from reports published by several governmental, international   development   agencies, and   local   non-governmental organizations. The gender disparity between male and female’s living create biasness which leads to social, cultural and economic inequality. Therefore, this assessment enlightens gender roles, relations and control over resources between both genders in order to realize full potential and constrains of economic and human development.

Results: Findings from gender assessment can be used to formulate various strategies and policies for addressing gender issues.

Conclusion: Public policies related to government spending on health and education should be targeted on the basis of gender while identify the regions where higher gender disparity exists. Especially government spending on education and health will play significant role in betterment of females in rural areas.
ELECTRONIC SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LANTHANIDE (III) - CEFTAZIDIME COMPLEXES
Authors: Singhal Preeti , Jain Renuka , Goyal Deepti
Published: May 2020

The present work describes the spectrochemical study of some Lanthanide (III) - ceftazidime (Ln(III)-CEFZ) complexes. The impact of the ligand environment on electronic spectrum of the lantanide ion with special reference to complexation and nature of Ln-ligand bond has been examined. The energy and intensity parameters for the complexes have also been evaluated. The ligand and all prepared complexes were screened for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and the results showed that antibacterial activity of ligand on complexation have been enhanced.
Ornamented Stucco Fragments from Hosap Castle in 2017 Excavation Season
Authors: TOP Mehmet , TELLİ Hale
Published: May 2020

Hoşap Castle is located in Eastern Anatolia, Gürpınar town in Van, in Hoşap (Güzelsu) which is on Van-Hakkari highway. It has reached today in the form as it was built, according to the inscription in 1643 (H. 1052) by Mahmudi Seigniory affiliated to Ottoman Empire In this paper, plaster objects which were found at 2017 in Hoşap Castle Excavation will be analyzed. Most of the plaster objects that found previous seasons were excavated from harem part of the castle. But the stucco ornaments found in the summer season of 2017 have found buried under the ground west side of the castle, near the West tower. They must be removed from walls or were unused material. They consist of different compositions and techniques with geometric and floral motifs. Early and Classical Ottoman motifs were dominant yet late period motifs are also observed. Tulip, poppy, clover, straw (saz) leaves are some of these motifs. These compositions and motifs are composites and motifs that reminiscent of the Ottoman Westernization Period. They were made with a qualified labor in capital style rather than rural style. Although it is understood from the excavation that there were lots of different compositions but analysis of the compositions in the rooms could not be done due to inconveniences in excavation system. However niche arches and window parts were also found during excavations. It was observed that some of the findings were painted.
Galata Serpuş Han ve Tavan Resimleri
Authors: BAÇARU Veli
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışma, İstanbul, Beyoğlu İlçesi’nde yer alan Serpuş Han’ı iki yönden ele almaktadır. Bunlardan birincisi, hanın plan düzeni, cephe kuruluşları gibi mimari özellikleri ile bina dışında bulunan süsleme unsurları; ikincisi ise birinci katındaki iki odanın tavanında aynalı tonozların ayna kısmına gelecek şekilde uygulanan biri elips, diğeri dikdörtgen formlu iki tavan resmidir. Yapının, Perşembe Pazarı Caddesi yönünde birinci kattaki bir penceresinin kemer aynasında sıva ile işlenen kitabesinde H. 1148 (M. 1735-36) tarihi verilmiştir. Han bir sıra taş, iki sıra tuğla şeklinde almaşık düzende ve kâgir olarak inşa edilmiştir. Zemin üzerinde iki kat olmak üzere üç katlı olan yapı bu yönüyle 18. yy.’da üç katlı olarak inşa edilen birkaç handan biridir. Han, zemin kat seviyesinde dikdörtgen planlı, birinci ve ikinci katta ise U planlı bir biçimlenişe sahiptir. Han’ın güney yönünde, zemin kat seviyesinde bir duvarla sınırlandırılmış, içinde üst kata çıkan merdivenin bulunduğu ve avlu olarak değerlendirilebilecek küçük bir alan mevcuttur. Yapının birinci ve ikinci katında U planlı, sivri kemerli, avluya açılan revak yapıyı sarmaktadır. Eserin cephelerinde gönye tipi çıkmalar yer alırken, almaşık duvar ve tuğla dekorasyon taklidi sıva uygulamaları cephelerde görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada çeşitli kaynaklara yansıyan bilgiler ile elde edilen veriler üzerinden eser yeniden değerlendirmiştir.
Büyükada’da Sıradışı Üslupta Bir Yapı: Raimondo D’Aronco’nun Mizzi Köşkü Rekonstrüksiyonu
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Hatice
Published: May 2020

Büyükada konut mimarisine farklı bir soluk katan Mizzi Köşkü yaklaşık olarak 19. yüzyıl ortalarında inşa edildiği düşünülen bir yapıdır. 1894 İstanbul depreminde önemli derece hasar gören bu yapı, İstanbul’a 1893 yılında gelmiş olan İtalyan Mimar Raimondo D’Aronco tarafından onarılmış ve rekonstrüksiyonu yapılmıştır. Proje çizimi günümüze ulaşamayan D’Aronco’nun bu çalışması 1896 yılında Torino Sanat Trienali’nde (Triennale d’Arte di Torino) fotoğraflarıyla birlikte sergilenmiştir. Dönemin İtalyan mimarlık ortamında bu çalışmadan övgüyle bahsedilmiştir. D’Aronco’nun diğer projeleriyle kıyaslandığında, hakkında kapsamlı araştırma yapılmayan Mizzi Köşkü, 2000’li yıllarda başlayan ve halen devam etmekte olan restorasyon sürecinde ulaşılan özgün verileri ve arşiv araştırmaları ışığında bu makalede incelenmektedir. Mizzi Köşkü’nün D’Aronco yenilemesi sonucunda kazandığı yeni biçimi o dönem Avrupa’sında hakim olan canlandırmacı yaklaşıma sahiptir. Mimarın diğer erken dönem çalışmalarında da izlenebilen bu yaklaşımın kaynakları bağlamında, makalede köşkün üslupsal kimliği irdelenmektedir. Yapı, özellikle cephe biçimlenişi ve süsleme özellikleri ile mimarın daha sonraki yapılarında karakteristik hale gelen bazı temalara öncülük etmiştir. Bu çerçevede, yapının, mimarın diğer konut tasarımları içindeki yeri de değerlendirilmektedir. Udine’deki D’Aronco arşivinde bu yapıyla ilişkili tek çizim demir işlerinden birine aittir. Makalede, yapının demir işlerini yapan İtalyan usta, Torino’daki benzer bir uygulamasıyla tanıtılmaktadır. Bu bulgular, D’Aronco’nun İstanbul’da çalıştığı dönemde bağlantı içinde olduğu tasarım ve uygulama ekibine dair bilinmeyenlere bir kapı aralamaktadır.
Pengelolaan Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Adolina, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Thoha Amalia Aldina , Sudradjat .
Published: May 2020

Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Adolina dari tanggal 21 Oktober sampai dengan 21  Februari 2014. Kegiatan penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang budidaya tanaman kelapa sawit dan secara khusus menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit yaitu pemanenan. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Kebun Adolina memiliki luas areal 7 812 ha kelapa sawit. Tingkat produktivitas kebun rata-rata antara tahun 2009-2013 sebesar 23.65 ton ha-1 Tandan Buah Segar. Kebun ini memiliki 1 177 karyawan dan secara umum sudah menerapkan teknik budidaya kelapa sawit sesuai dengan Prosedur Operasional Baku (SOB) yang telah ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. Berdasarkan analisis statistik kapasitas pemanen karyawan potong buah yaitu terdapat pada selang 145.75 ± 58.17 TBS pemanen-1.
Manajemen Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate, Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Suryantoro Wisnu Bakti , Sudradjat .
Published: May 2020

Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate, PT Harapan Sawit Lestari, KalimantanBarat  dari 10  Februari  sampai 10  Juni 2014.  Kegiatan  penelitian  memberikan  pengalaman  kerja  danmeningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa menjadi lebih terampil bekerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit khususnya dalam  hal  manajemen  pemanenan.  Manajemen  pemanenan  yang  diamati  adalah  rotasi  panen,  angka kerapatan panen, kriteria matang panen, prestasi kerja, tenaga kerja, dan transportasi hasil. Pengamatan rotasi panen dan tenaga kerja mengunakan analisis uji t-studet dan uji korelasi. Hasil uji t-student menyatakan bahwa terdapat   perbedaan yang nyata antara interval panen standar dengan realisasi terhadap pencapaian target produksi. Rotasi yang berubah-ubah akan mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi diketahui bahwa faktor umur, lama kerja, tingkat pendidikan berkorelasi positif terhadap produksi kelapa sawit. Pelaksanaan manajemen pemanenan di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate mulai dari persiapan panen, cara memanen, dan transportasi TBS ke pabrik sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik, sehingga produksi setiap tahun kelapa sawit mengalami peningkatan.
Pengaruh Jenis Bahan Tanam dan Konsentrasi Rootone-F terhadap Keberhasilan Pertumbuhan Mucuna bracteata D.C
Authors: Anindito Asqian Satria , Hariyadi .
Published: May 2020

Penelitian bertujuan mengamati dan membandingkan konsentrasi Rootone-F dan jenis bahan tanam terhadap keberhasilan pertumbuhan Mucuna bracteata. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai September 2015 di Laboratorium Lapangan Leuwikopo, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, IPB. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi Rootone-f terdiri atas lima taraf, yaitu 0, 200, 400, 600 dan 800 ppm. Faktor kedua adalah jenis bahan tanam yang terdiri atas tiga jenis, yaitu benih, ujung sulur, tengah sulur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jenis bahan tanam berpengaruh nyata pada peubah pengamatan panjang sulur, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, bobot kering tajuk, dan pesentase tanaman hidup.Hasil penggunaan konsentrasi Rootone-F menunjukan pengaruh yang nyata pada peubah pengamatan jumlah cabang, jumlah daun dan bobot kering tanaman.Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara jenis bahan tanam dan konsentrasi Rootone-F pada parameter pengamatan jumlah cabang dan bobot kering sulur.
Produksi dan Kualitas Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae) pada Kelompok Tani “Mitra Usaha” Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Munawar Faisal Radjab , Kartika Juang Gema
Published: May 2020

Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok tani Mitra Usaha, Desa Panyingkiran,  Kabupaten Karawang dari 9 Februari hingga 8 Juni 2015. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan untuk meperoleh pengalaman dan pengetahuan dalam produksi jamur merang, serta menganalisis kelayakan usaha pada kelompok tani Mitra Usaha Karawang. Media yang digunakan dalam produksi jamur merang yaitu jerami, kapas, dedak, dan kapur. Proses produksi meliputi pengomposan jerami dan kapas, pasteurisasi, penebaran bibit, penyiraman, panen dan pasca panen. Jamur merang dapat dipanen sejak 9 hari setelah penebaran bibit atau 5 hari setelah penyiraman. Panen dilakukan setiap hari selama 20 – 25 hari.  Kelompok tani Mitra Usaha memiliki 12 kumbung jamur,  dengan rata – rata setiap kumbung mampu menghasilkan 200 kg/kumbung jamur dalam satu siklus produksi selama kurang lebih 1.5 bulan. Hasil analisis usaha tani produksi jamur merang, kelompok tani Mitra Usaha memiliki nilai R/C rasio lebih dari 1 yaitu 1.91, sehingga layak untuk terus berproduksi. Analisis usaha tani menggunakan asumsi produksi jamur satu kumbung adalah 200 kg per kumbung, harga jamur Rp22 000,00 per kg. BEP (Break Event Point) untuk harga didapatkan sebesar Rp11 536,00 dan BEP volume produksi sebesar 105 kg.
Sistem Penyadapan Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) di Tulung Gelam Estate, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Robianto . , Supijatno .
Published: May 2020

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk menigkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pengalaman lapangan, serta bertujuan menganalisis sistem penyadapan karet. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Tulung Gelam Estate,  Sumatera Selatan pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2013. Penyadapan merupakan kegiatan utama dalam sistem produksi karet. Rata-rata persentase pohon yang dapat disadap di Tulung Gelam Estate adalah 87.4%. Penyakit brown blast (kering alur sadap) pada tanaman menghasilkan (TM) 2004 lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada tanaman menghasilkan (TM) 2006. Konsumsi kulit di Perkebunan Tulung Gelam Estate sedikit melebihi standar perusahaan, namun masih dapat ditolerir. Rata-rata kedalaman sadapan adalah 1.62 mm, masih dibawah rekomendasi perusahaan yaitu 1-1.5 mm. Penggunaan stimulan lebih tinggi dari  dosis anjuran. Faktor pendidikan, usia, dan pengalaman tidak mempengaruhi terhadap produksi lateks yang dihasilkan oleh penyadap.
Minyak Atsiri Daun Kari (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng) Sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan Shigella dysenteriae
Authors: Rosa Fadila Agustin , Mariani Yeni , Yusro Fathul
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Tanaman kari (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng) merupakan tanaman budidaya di Kalimantan Barat dan memiliki potensi besar sebagai tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang memiliki sifat antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis rendemen minyak atsiri daun kari dan potensinya dalam penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes dan S. dysenteriae. Penelitian menggunakan metode penyulingan daun kari dengan cara destilasi uap, perhitungan rendemen dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri S. pyogenes dan S. dysenteriae pada media MHA dengan metode difusi cakram. DMSO digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif, amikacin sebagai kontrol positif dan minyak atsiri daun kari pada empat level konsentrasi yaitu 5, 10, 15 dan 20%. Analisis data menggunakan analisis one-way anova pada daya hambat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak atsiri daun kari yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,139%. Tingkat penghambatan terhadap bakteri S. pyogenes tergolong kuat pada semua level konsentrasi dan pada bakteri S. dysenteriae tergolong sedang pada konsentrasi 10, 15 dan 20%. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa minyak atsiri daun kari berpotensi sebagai antibakteri alami.Kata kunci: Minyak atsiri, tanaman kari (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng), rendemen, antibakteri, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriaeAbstract: Curry plants (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng) plants recently cultivated in West Kalimantan have enormous potential as a plant producing essential oils and has antibacterial properties. This study aims to analyze the yield of curry leaf essential oil and its potential in inhibiting the growth of S. pyogenes and S. dysenteriae bacteria. The research method used is the distillation of curry leaves by steam distillation, calculation of yield, and testing of the antibacterial activity of S. pyogenes and S. dysenteriae on MHA media by disk diffusion method. DMSO was used as a negative control, amikacin as a positive control and essential oils of curry leaves at four concentration levels (5, 10, 15, and 20%). The inhibition zone data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The yield of curry leaf essential oil produced in this study was 0.139%. The level of inhibition against S. pyogenes bacteria was classified as strong at all concentration levels, and in S. dysenteriae was classified as moderate at concentrations of 10, 15, and 20%. The research proves that curry leaf essential oil has proven potential as natural antibacterial.Keywords: Essential oils, curry plants (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng), yield, antibacterial, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae
Pemilihan Bagian Eksplan pada Stek Batang Tanaman Sambung Nyawa
Authors: Eskundari Ratna Dewi , Hanik Nur Rohimah
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Tanaman sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens) dikenal sebagai salah satu tanaman yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh. Daun tanaman ini diketahui mempunyai efek anti peradangan yang dapat mengurangi bahkan mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pemilihan bagian batang tanaman sambung nyawa yang mempunyai kapasitas terbaik sebagai eksplan stek. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menanam 3 bagian batang tanaman sambung nyawa yang berbeda, yaitu bagian atas (pucuk sampai dengan 10 cm ke bawah), tengah (bagian batang yang berjarak 10cm dari pucuk sampai 20 cm), dan bawah (bagian batang yang berjarak 20 cm dari pucuk hingga 30 cm). Ketiga jenis eksplan ini ditanam di tanah yang mengandung humus tanpa diberi perlakuan penambahan ZPT. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan sepuluh ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara bagian batang dengan panjang daun, tetapi terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dengan lebar daun, panjang tunas, dan panjang akar. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagian batang Ã¢â¬ÅtengahÃ¢â¬Â dan atau Ã¢â¬ÅbawahÃ¢â¬Â sebagai eksplan terbaik dalam usaha perbanyakan tanaman sambung nyawa menggunakan stek. Kata kunci: organogenesis, perbanyakan, sambung nyawa, stek.Abstract: Sambung nyawa plant (Gynura procumbens) is known as one of the plants that are beneficial for human health. The leaves of this plant are known to have anti-inflammatory effects that can reduce and even treat various diseases. This research focused on the selection of the stem part of sambung nyawa plant which has the best capacity as explant cuttings. This research was carried out by planting three different parts of the stem of the plant, namely the upper part (shoots apical up to 10 cm down part), the middle (the stem part that is 10cm from the top to 20 cm down part), and the bottom (the part of the stem which is 20 cm apart from shoots up to 30 cm down part). These three types of explants were planted in soil containing humus without being treated with the addition of PGR(s). This study used a completely randomized design with ten replications. The results showed that there was no significant differences between the stem parts with leaf length parameter, but there were significant differences in leaf width, shoot length, and root length ones. The results of this study were expected to be a reference part of the stem "middle" and or "bottom" as the best explant in the effort to propagate the sambung nyawa plants using cuttings.Keywords: organogenesis, propagation, sambung nyawa, cuttings.ÃÂ
Multiple RT-PCR Detection of H5, H7, and H9 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses and Newcastle Disease Virus
Authors: Fei Feng
Published: May 2020

Objective: This paper focuses on the multiple detection RT-PCR technology of H5, H7, AND H9 subtype avian influenza viruses and Newcastle disease virus, and points out the specific detection methods and detection procedures of avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus. Methods: The genes of Newcastle disease virus carrying out the HA gene sequence of H5, H7 and H9 subtype AIV in GenBank were used to establish a strategy for simultaneous detection of three subtypes of avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus. Results: The results showed that the program can detect and distinguish H5, H7 and H9 subtype avian influenza viruses and Newcastle disease virus at one time. Conclusion: Multiple RT-PCR detection method has high detection sensitivity and can detect and determine different subtypes of avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus quickly and accurately, therefore, it has a crucial role in the detection and control of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes and Newcastle disease.
Does monetary policy in advanced economies have differentiated effects on portfolio flows to emerging economies?
Authors: Hernandez Marco
Published: May 2020

This work analyzes whether the monetary policy in advanced economies (the US, the euro area, and the UK) had differentiated effects on portfolio flows from these countries toward EMEs. The results show the following: First, US monetary policy had a bigger impact on bond and equity investment to EMEs than the euro area or UK monetary policy. Second, investors' response to US monetary policy was mostly homogeneous. Among EMEs regions, foreign portfolio investment to Emerging Europe and Latin America was more volatile that than to Emerging Asia, probably because other factors such as investors' preference (in the case of bond flows) or expectations of firms' profits (in the case of equity flows) could play an important role in investors' decisions. These results could be useful for policymakers from EMEs as a benchmark to anticipate differentiated effects in portfolio flows caused by advanced economies' monetary policy.
Karakteristik dan Profil Asam Lemak Minyak Ikan dari Kepala dan Tulang Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacares)
Authors: Apituley Daniel A N , Sormin Raja Bonan Dolok , Nanlohy Esterlina E E M
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed to determine the physical and chemical quality as well as the fatty acid profile of fish oil from the waste of the head and the bones of Thunnus albacares. An experimental method was applied in this research. Observed variables included yield, density, acid number, saponification value, iodine number, TBA value, as well as fatty acid profile. The results showed that the physical characteristics of the oil from the head and bone of the fish, i.e., yield 12,11% and 9.85%, density 0.92 mg/mL, and 0.90 mg/mL, respectively. The chemical characteristics of the oil from head and bones of tuna were acid number 2.10 mg KOH/g and 2.88 mg KOH/g, iodine number 88.80 mg KOH/g and 77.67 mg KOH/g; saponification number 178.80 mg KOH/g and 145.50 mg KOH/g, TBA values 1.80 mg KOH/kg and 1.29 mg KOH/kg, subsequently. Unsaturated fatty acids were found to dominate oil from the head and bones of tuna. Tuna head contained 25 types of fatty acids consisting of 10 types of saturated fatty acids (SFA) 20.8% w/w, seven types of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 11.92% w/w, eight polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 35.98% w/w. In comparison, tuna bones contained 26 types of fatty acids consisting of 11 SFA 19.69% w/w, seven MUFA 10.80% w/w, and 8 PUFA 26.21% w/w.

Keywords: fatty acid, fish oil, Thunnus albacares, waste of head and bone

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik maupun kimiawi serta profil asam lemak minyak limbah ikan dari kepala dan tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Parameter yang diamati yaitu: rendemen, berat jenis minyak, bilangan penyabunan, bilangan iodin, bilangan Tiobarbituric Acid (TBA) serta profil asam lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik fisik dari kepala dan tulang ikan berturut-turut adalah: rendemen 12,11 dan 9,85%; berat jenis minyak 0,92 mg/mL dan 0,90 mg/mL. Karakteristik kimia dari kepala dan tulang ikan tuna adalah berturut-turut: bilangan asam 2,10 mg KOH/g dan 2,88 mg KOH/g; bilangan iod 88,80 mg KOH/g dan 77,67 mg KOH/g; bilangan penyabunan 178,80 mg KOH/g dan 145,50 mg KOH/g; nilai TBA 1,80 mg KOH/kg dan 1,29 mg KOH/kg. Asam lemak tidak jenuh mendominasi minyak dari kepala maupun tulang ikan Tuna. Kepala ikan tuna mengandung 25 jenis asam lemak terdiri dari 10 jenis asam lemak jenuh (SFA) 20,8% w/w, 7 jenis lemak tak jenuh tunggal (MUFA) 11,92% w/w, 8 asam lemak tak jenuh jamak (PUFA) 35,98% w/w; sedangkan tulang ikan Tuna mengandung 26 jenis asam lemak terdiri dari 11 SFA 19,69% w/w, 7 MUFA 10,80% w/w, dan 8 PUFA 26,21% w/w.

Kata kunci: asam lemak, minyak ikan, Thunnus albacares, limbah tulang dan kepala
Teatro de Rua e Slam Camélias: pensando sobre decolonialidade em pesquisa
Authors: Palmiere Júlia Arruda da Fonseca , Bernardes Anita Guazzelli , Mantovani Giovanna Liz Oliveira , Nogueira José Francisco Sarmento
Published: May 2020

Este artigo discute sobre metodologia em pesquisa a partir de uma investigação sobre formas de ocupar a cidade de Campo Grande\MS. Para isto, parte-se do campo de estudos pós-coloniais\decoloniais com objetivo de pensar a construção de ferramentas metodológicas situadas. O Teatro de Rua, em sua forma de intervir\ocupar\viver a cidade expressa pelo coletivo Imaginário Maracangalha, é tomado como estratégia metodológica para percorrer espaços urbanos através da cartografia. As trajetórias realizadas permitiram acompanhar práticas contestatórias que tensionam modos instituídos de experimentar a cidade, como as batalhas de poesia realizadas pelo Slam Camélias. Através de práticas poéticas no centro antigo da cidade, este slam busca denunciar\falar\abordar problemáticas cotidianas que marcam a vida das mulheres, criando um espaço de fala e expressão para o corpo feminino e com isto, produzindo outra relação corpo\cidade. Este texto afirma que pensar a cidade em uma perspectiva decolonial permite incorporar práticas\saberes produzidos pela própria cidade como estratégia metodológica para investigá-la. Portanto, aposta-se em uma produção de conhecimento localizada, a fim de romper colonialidades epistemológicas, tendo em vista a relação imanente entre pesquisa e política.
Resenha do livro: Islã: religião e civilização
Authors: Ramos Diógenes Braga
Published: May 2020

PINTO, da Rocha Hilu Gabriel Paulo. (2010). Islã - religião e civilização: uma abordagem antropológica. Aparecida: Editora Santuário. 232p.
Шляхи реалізації перспективної моделі фахівця морально-психологічного забезпечення Збройних Сил України в умовах переходу на стандарти НАТО
Authors: Афанасенко В.С. , Пасічник В.І.
Published: May 2020

Розкрито актуальність реалізації перспективної моделі фахівця морально-психологічного забезпечення Збройних Сил України в умовах переходу на стандарти НАТО, наведено результати теоретичних і емпіричних досліджень щодо виявлення основних соціально-психологічних чинників, які визначають успішність процесу професійного становлення зазначеного фахівця та на їх основі обґрунтовано шляхи реалізації перспективної моделі цього фахівця.
Інструментарій управління талантами в кадровому менеджменті Збройних Сил України
Authors: Пилипенко В.М. , Гончарук А.В. , Крючка Л.М.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглянуто етапи управління талантами та етапи управління кар’єрою військовослужбовців. Доведено, що основною метою управління талантами є підготовка резерву талановитих співробітників на ключові посади для використання їх в перспективі, що в певній мірі відповідає меті управління кар’єрою військовослужбовців. Розглянуто основні інструменти управління талантами, за якими відбувається залучення, збереження, утримання і розвиток персоналу. Визначені інструменти управління талантами в кадровому менеджменті Збройних Сил України та умови для їх запровадження.
INVESTIGATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF “UNIVERSAL IMAGE DICTIONARY” FOR CREATION OF MAN-MACHINE INTERFACE
Authors: Hakimova Aida , Zolotarev Oleg , Berberova Mariya , Mirzoev Daler , Krivoshlykova Ekaterina , Fedorova Alena , Rosshchupkina Polina , Belaya Aleksanra
Published: May 2020

The project urgency is evidenced by the measurement of subject-matter popularity on the Internet – a query to the Net on the topic of the subject gives 18900 results, and a novelty is defined by specification, for instance, the “Universal Image Dictionary” query gives “No results found for” and 1 result M24.RU – 10 unknown: monsters, stairs, funnels and keys… www.m24.ru/articles/112668/ … The project offered supposes the creation of the bank of different images already existing and having a wide distribution and which can be a means of international communication for people having no any other channel for information exchange. Such images could include common gestures, traffic signs, signs in transport, in the streets, in public accommodations and in state offices. They will include both single images, and their combinations forming a single conceptual complex (rules of table etiquette, on transport, and at the stadium etc.). It should be emphasized clearly that the dictionary offered is intended for interpersonal communication. A computer identification of images cannot be in this case a basic purpose for project realization. The orientation to interpersonal communication gives us a possibility to choose images for the dictionary and, what is not less significant, to set problems actually solvable at every stage of its creation.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN SUHU YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP WAKTU PENETASAN, DAYA TETAS TELUR DAN TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP LARVA IKAN BRUSHMOUTH ALBINO (Ancistrus cirrhosus)
Authors: Yuliani Dinna , Mumpuni Fia Sri , Muarif Muarif
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu inkubasi terhadap waktu penetasan, derajat penetasan telur, serta derajat kelangsungan hidup larva pasca pemaparan suhu pada proses penetasan (suhu air 25-26oC). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan suhu inkubasi berbeda dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi A kontrol dengan perlakuan suhu ruang (suhu air 25-26oC), perlakuan B dengan perlakuan suhu 28oC, perlakuan C dengan perlakuan suhu 31oC. Berdasarkan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) (P<0,05) perlakuan C yang menetas selama 92,23 jam (3 hari 20 jam) dan B yang menetas selama 93,29 jam (3 hari 21 jam) tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang nyata diantara keduanya, namun berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan A yang menetas selama 95,50 jam (3 hari 23 jam). Derajat penetasan telur berdasarkan uji BNT menunjukan perbedaan yang nyata di setiap perlakuan, dimana perlakuan A menghasilkan nilai tertinggi sebesar 95,56% dan perlakuan C dengan nilai terendah sebesar 66,67%. Derajat kelangsungan hidup larva berdasarkan uji analisis ragam (ANOVA) (P<0,05) hasil dari masing-masing perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbedaan suhu pasca inkubasi.
Türkiye'de Hemşirelik Lisans Programlarında Hemşirelik Tarihi Dersi Öğretiminin İncelenmesi
Authors: TORUN Serap
Published: May 2020

Lokman Hekim Dergisi, 2019; 9(3): 317-325 DOİ: 10.31020/mutftd.587749 DOI ile basılan makalenin 323. sayfasının ilk paragrafının 12. satırındaki “Ülkemizde 2019 yılında Sakarya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümünde Hemşirelik Tarihi ve Etik Anabilim Dalı kurulmuştur.34” cümlesindeki Sakarya Üniversitesi hatalı olarak yazılmıştır doğrusu Düzce Üniversitesidir. Cümle yazar tarafından aşağıda belirtilen şekilde düzeltilmiştir.Serap Torun tarafından yapılan düzeltmeYurt dışında “Hemşirelik Tarihi” Anabilim dalı olarak bulunmaktadır. Ülkemizde 2019 yılında Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümünde Hemşirelik Tarihi ve Etik Anabilim Dalı kurulmuştur.Orijinal Makale: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mutftd/issue/48799/587749
Türkiye’de Klinik Araştırma Etik Kurullarının Yapılanmaları
Authors: GÜN Mukadder
Published: May 2020

Amaç: Türkiye’deki
Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulları’nın yapılanma biçimlerini incelemek ve
değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın
örneklemini Türkiye İlaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Kurumu’nun web sayfasında var olan
Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulları’nın ulaşılabilen isim listeleri
oluşturmuştur. Araştırma, bu siteden 102 etik kuruldan elde edilen verilerle Kasım-Aralık
2016  tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Verilerin SPSS 15.00 programında sayı ve yüzdelik olarak istatistiksel
değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Türkiye’de Klinik
Araştırmalar Etik Kurullarının yapılanması incelendiğinde Klinik Araştırma Etik
Kurulları’nın üç büyük şehirde yoğunlaştığı ve İstanbul’da %33.33’ünün (n=34), Ankara’da %17.65’inin
(n=18), İzmir’de %7.84’ünün (n=8) bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Türkiye’deki Etik
Kurullarda bulunan üyelerin profili değerlendirildiğinde; %60.58’ini (n=805)
Diğer sağlık profesyoneli olan üyelerin, %9.93’ünü (n=132) Farmakologların, %7.97’sini (n=106) Sağlık mensubu
olmayan üyelerin, %7.90’ını (n=105) Biyomedikal alanında üyelerin, %7.90’ını
(n=105) Hukukçuların, %3.31’ini (n=44) Etik alanında uzman üyelerin, %2.03’ünü (n=27) Biyoistatistik alanındaki üyelerin
ve %0.38’ini (n=5) Klinik eczacıların oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. Etik kurul
sayılarında Ocak 2017 ile Mart 2020 tarihlerinde etik kurul sayısında 24 adet
artış olmuştur.

Sonuç: Türkiye’de Klinik
Araştırmalar Etik Kurullarının ağırlıklı olarak İstanbul, Ankara ve İzmir illerinde
yoğunlaştığı, klinik eczacı üyelerin bu kurullarda çok az görevlendirildiği ve
etik alanında uzman üyelerin her etik kurulda yer almadığı belirlenmiştir. Etik
kurullarda üye sayısının homojen dağılacak biçimde bir yapılanmaya gidilmesi,
cinsiyet dağılımının eşitlenmesi öngörülmekte ve önerilmektedir.
CRITCON-Pandemic Levels - a stepwise ethical approach to clinician responsibility.
Authors: Harvey Dan , McGee Andrew , DeBeer Thea , Shaw David , Gardiner Dale
Published: May 2020

CRITCON-Pandemic Levels with an associated Operational Responsibility Matrix were recently published by the Intensive Care Society as a modification to Winter Flu CRITCON levels, to better account for differences between a winter flu surge in critical

care activity and the capacity challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic1. In this paper we propose an expansion and explanation of the Operational Matrix to suggest a stepwise ethical approach to clinician responsibility. We propose and outline the main ethical risks

created at each level and discuss how those risks can be mitigated through a balanced application of the predominant ethical principle which in turn provides practical guidance to clinician responsibility. We thus seek to specify the ethical and legal principles that should be used in applying the Operational Matrix, and what the practical effects could be.
Mamardashvili, an Observer of the Totality.
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: May 2020

The paper discusses a few tensions “crucifying” the works and even personality of the great Georgian philosopher Merab Mamardashivili: East and West; human being and thought, symbol and consciousness, infinity and finiteness, similarity and differences. The observer can be involved as the correlative counterpart of the totality: An observer opposed to the totality externalizes an internal part outside. Thus the phenomena of an observer and the totality turn out to converge to each other or to be one and the same. In other words, the phenomenon of an observer includes the singularity of the solipsistic Self, which (or “who”) is the same as that of the totality. Furthermore, observation can be thought as that primary and initial action underlain by the phenomenon of an observer. That action of observation consists in the externalization of the solipsistic Self outside as some external reality. It is both a zero action and the singularity of the phenomenon of action. The main conclusions are: Mamardashvili’s philosophy can be thought both as the suffering effort to be a human being again and again as well as the philosophical reflection on the genesis of thought from itself by the same effort. Thus it can be recognized as a powerful tension between signs anа symbol, between conscious structures and consciousness, between the syncretism of the East and the discursiveness of the West crucifying spiritually Georgia.
New and Interesting Fungi. 3
Authors: Crous P.W. , Wingfield M.J. , Schumacher R.K. , Akulov A. , Bulgakov T.S. , Carnegie A.J. , Jurjević Ž. , Decock C. , Denman S. , Lombard L. , Lawrence D.P. , Stack A.J. , Gordon T.R. , Bostock R.M. , Burgess T. , Summerell B.A. , Taylor P.W.J. , Edwards J. , Hou L.W. , Cai L. , Rossman A.Y. , Wöhner T. , Allen W.C. , Castlebury L.A. , Visagie C.M. , Groenewald J.Z.
Published: May 2020

Seven new genera, 26 new species, 10 new combinations, two epitypes, one new name, and 20 interesting new host and / or geographical records are introduced in this study. New genera are: Italiofungus (based on Italiofungus phillyreae) on leaves of Phillyrea latifolia
(Italy); Neolamproconium (based on Neolamproconium silvestre) on branch of Tilia sp. (Ukraine); Neosorocybe (based on Neosorocybe pini) on trunk of Pinus sylvestris (Ukraine); Nothoseptoria (based on Nothoseptoria caraganae) on leaves
of Caragana arborescens (Russia); Pruniphilomyces (based on Pruniphilomyces circumscissus) on Prunus cerasus (Russia); Vesiculozygosporium (based on Vesiculozygosporium echinosporum) on leaves of Muntingia calabura (Malaysia); Longiseptatispora
(based on Longiseptatispora curvata) on leaves of Lonicera tatarica (Russia). New species are: Barrmaelia serenoae on leaf of Serenoa repens (USA); Chaetopsina gautengina on leaves of unidentified grass (South Africa); Chloridium pini on fallen trunk
of Pinus sylvestris (Ukraine); Cadophora fallopiae on stems of Reynoutria sachalinensis (Poland); Coleophoma eucalyptigena on leaf litter of Eucalyptus sp. (Spain); Cylindrium corymbiae on leaves of Corymbia maculata (Australia); Diaporthe
tarchonanthi on leaves of Tarchonanthus littoralis (South Africa); Elsinoe eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus propinqua (Australia); Exophiala quercina on dead wood of Quercus sp., (Germany); Fusarium californicum on cambium of budwood of
Prunus dulcis (USA); Hypomyces gamsii on wood of Alnus glutinosa (Ukraine); Kalmusia araucariae on leaves of Araucaria bidwillii (USA); Lectera sambuci on leaves of Sambucus nigra (Russia); Melanomma populicola on fallen twig of Populus
canadensis (Netherlands), Neocladosporium syringae on branches of Syringa vulgarishorus (Ukraine); Paraconiothyrium iridis on leaves of Iris pseudacorus (Ukraine); Pararoussoella quercina on branch of Quercus robur (Ukraine); Phialemonium
pulveris from bore dust of deathwatch beetle (France); Polyscytalum pinicola on needles of Pinus tecunumanii (Malaysia); Acervuloseptoria fraxini on Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Russia); Roussoella arundinacea on culms of Arundo donax (Spain);
Sphaerulina neoaceris on leaves of Acer negundo (Russia); Sphaerulina salicicola on leaves of Salix fragilis (Russia); Trichomerium syzygii on leaves of Syzygium cordatum (South Africa); Uzbekistanica vitis-viniferae on dead stem of Vitis
vinifera (Ukraine); Vermiculariopsiella eucalyptigena on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Australia).
Sadržina ugovora o poseti sportskoj priredbi
Authors: Đurđević Nenad
Published: May 2020

U savremenom sportu prisustvo “gledalaca” je uobičajena pojava na svakoj
sportskoj priredbi, odnosno kod svake sportske priredbe može se očekivati prisustvo gledalaca, ili ono stvarno postoji. Gledalac sportske priredbe kupujući ulaznicu kako bi prisustvovao određenoj sportskoj priredbi stupa sa organizatorom u ugovorni odnos, koji se zasniva tzv. ugovorom o poseti sportskoj priredbi. Tim ugovorom se organizator obavezuje da omogući gledaocu da sa određenog numerisanog sedišta ili prostora za stajanje, po vlastitom izboru, unutar sportskog objekta, bezbedno posmatra sportsku priredbu, a gledalac se, s druge strane, obavezuje da kao naknadu plati ugovoreni iznos novca, po pravilu
kupovinom ulaznice (karte). Glavna sadržina ugovora o prisustvu sportskoj priredbi je obaveza organizatora da pruži gledaocu uživanje određenog sportskog događaja, na određenom mestu i u određenom trenutku,
i obaveza gledaoca da plati određenu novčanu naknadu. Autor u radu razmatra prava i obaveze organizatora i gledaoca sportske priredbe iz ugovora o poseti sportskoj priredbi. U radu je posebna pažnja poklonjena
obavezi organizatora da gledaocu garantuje bezbednost tokom održavanja sportske priredbe, imajući u vidu da savremene sportske događaje prate ne samo znatni rizici koji proističu iz same prirode sportske aktivnosti
zbog koje se organizuje sporska priredba ali i okupljanja velikog broja
ljudi na jednom mestu, već i zbog enormnih rizika kojima su u pojedinim
sportovima izloženi gledaoci nasilničkim i huliganskim ponašanjem navijačkih grupa.