bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of brake system test-bed for high-speed train
Authors: An Ziliang , Wang Weixin , Chen Taohan
Published: December 2019

As the speed of high-speed emu increases, the service conditions become more and more severe and complex. Brake system is an important guarantee of safety, so it is urgent to study the design concept and test method of brake system. There are relatively few researches on high-speed train brake test bench in China, and the existing test bench still has shortcomings in compatibility, real-time simulation and other aspects. Aiming at these problems, this work builds a brake test-bed for emu, which can complete the research test, performance test and reliability test of high-speed emu brake system and key components. At the same time, cooperate with Amesim, the braking process is simulated and predicted, and the braking process is analyzed by breakpoint, which provides a basis for the analysis, design and improvement of the braking system after experiment.
Study of Solving Electrostatics by Partial Differential Equation the Relationship between Dielectric Medium and Capacitance
Authors: Yang Guangzhao
Published: December 2019

The Maxwell equations as a fundamental equation governing the electromagnetic fields are investigated. Several ideal systems of parallel plate capacitor with various dielectric mediums are discussed. By considering these cases, the boundary conditions in the process of solving the equations and the separation of variables as a primary method to solve the equations are studied, which will be the foundation of our future work.
Trajectory Planning of 7-Degree-of-Freedom Manipulator Based on ROS
Authors: Xu Xiangxin , Duguleana Mihai
Published: December 2019

In order to solve the problems of complex modeling of multi-degree-of-freedom redundant robot, difficult motion trajectory planning, tedious operation of traditional robot simulation tools and incomplete functions, this paper obtains a trajectory planning method under ROS system through the research of open source robot operating system ROS (Robot Operating system), and realizes the trajectory planning of seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator Cyton Gamma 300. Get the package of the target robot through the GitHub website and save it to the corresponding path, display the model of the manipulator in the RViz, and use C++ related interface provided by Moveit! To simulate the straight line and circular arc trajectory planning of Cyton Gamma 300 manipulator in Cartesian space on this platform. The experimental results show that the joints of the manipulator move smoothly and the accuracy of the end position meets the requirements.
Design and Research of Big Data Collection and Analysis Platform Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Pei Xuan , Ren Xiaoying
Published: December 2019

More new technologies and products emerged in the era of big data. In the era of big data, the paper proposes a big data collection and analysis platform based on cloud computing. The paper first designed the software architecture and network architecture of the big data analysis platform. Secondly, comparing the data platform with the traditional data analysis platform, the platform can quickly process high-correlation and complex data, and reduce the response time of data analysis and processing. The platform has good practical value in big data service processing.
Attitude Control of Flying Wing UAV Based On Advanced ADRC
Authors: Shan Yuqiong , Wang Song , Konvisarova Anastasiia , Hu Yujing
Published: December 2019

The main points of the problem are that the flying wing UAV has strong coupling, obvious nonlinear characteristics and significant changes in steering efficiency during the flight, a combination of ADRC (active disturbance rejection control) and PID (proportional-integral-derivative) was proposed. The adaptive control method is designed with the angle and angular velocity as the controlled variables. The UAV flight attitude control system was designed, where the ADRC control law is used as the outer ring to control the angle, and the inner ring uses the PID to control the angular velocity. In order to solve the problem of high frequency jitter in traditional ADRC, a new nonlinear function is used to optimize the design. Simulink simulation shows that the attitude control overshoot is less than 1% and the adjustment time is less than 2s, which satisfies the control of the flying wing UAV. The flight test was finally carried out to verify the feasibility of the algorithm at the request.
Application of FCS-MPC Model Predictive Control Strategy in High Power Multilevel NPC/H Inverter
Authors: Wang Guifeng , Chai Yanli , Yan Junrong , Wang Fei
Published: December 2019

Aiming at the current oscillation and delay of traditional limited control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC), an improved FCS-MPC is proposed. Eliminate current oscillation by using two adjacent voltage vectors and zero voltage vector to work together in one sampling period. In order to reduce the switching frequency, the effects of the voltage vectors are sequentially ordered to obtain an optimal voltage vector sequence (OVVS). In the high-power five-level NPC/H-bridge inverter, the modulation control experiment is carried out, and the simulation model is built by Simulink software. The simulation results verify that the proposed improved FCS-MPC model is in the high-power multi-level NPC/H inverter. Predictive control effectiveness.
The Design of a Power Plug Retainer
Authors: Zhao YaPing , Chen ZaiLiang , Weng YunXian
Published: December 2019

Due to the increasing use of electrical appliances in homes and office spaces at the present day, a large number of electrical appliances and fewer sockets leads to a variety of power cords crisscross and messy scattered. This not only affects the appearance, but also has the potential safety hazards of short circuit or electric shock. This paper innovatively designed a power plug retainer with a simple structure and low price. The designed power plug retainer has obtained the national invention patent authorization, which has a strong practicability and broad market prospect.
Research and Implementation of an UAV Engine Debugging Earmuff System
Authors: Liu Changliang , Lin Dongsheng , Zheng Xing , Liang Shaojun , He Zhongzhu , Zheng Haitao , Sun Lanqiong , Su Xing
Published: December 2019

Aiming at the problem that speech communication can not be implemented due to the huge noise of UAV engine debugging, a debugging earmuff system based on radio communication is designed. The system captures the debugger’s mouth shape by camera, and uses lip recognition technology to obtain the instructions expressed by the debugger through region detection, lip feature extraction, training and recognition. After modulation, the instructions are transmitted to the distant place by the wireless transmitter module in the form of electromagnetic waves. At the executing end, the antenna is used to receive the radio information and to release it by voice after demodulation, so that the cooperator receives the instructions from the debugging end.
Decentralized Genetic Algorithm for Dynamic Plant Layout Problem
Authors: Liang Weidong , Fang Dianjun
Published: December 2019

The research of dynamic plant layout problem (DPLP) is to find the optimal layout scheme within multiple periods of production, with the increasing scale of calculation, the efficiency of the traditional centralized algorithm may be decreased. In this paper, we proposed a decentralized genetic algorithm (DGA) which combines genetic algorithm (GA) with decentralized optimization technology. Simulation experiments are carried out to compare the decentralized genetic algorithm with the centralized one, and the result shows that the decentralized method is better than the latter at convergence rate and optimization result. On the other way, the decentralized algorithm is a parallel computing technology, so it can improve computational efficiency especially in high-complexity systems.
A Compact High Efficient Wideband Electromagnetic Pulse Radiator
Authors: Chen Hong , Xiao Kaiqi , Xu Jianjun
Published: December 2019

A wideband electromagnetic pulse oscillation and radiation method is studied. A compact high efficient wideband electromagnetic pulse radiator is developed based on this method. Simulation analysis and experimental results show that the radiation device can obtain more than 40% equivalent voltage radiation efficiency.
An Incipient Fault Location Method Based on Impedance Calculation
Authors: Liu Xintong
Published: December 2019

Incipient faults are precursors to permanent faults. The location of incipient faults can effectively prevent permanent faults and reduce the losses caused by faults. In this paper, the Mary fault model is used to simulate the incipient faults by using the arc gap theory to study the incipient fault current and voltage waveform characteristics. An incipient fault location algorithm is proposed on the fault voltage and current waveform characteristics. The line reactance and fault location are obtained by least squares method. Optimizing the algorithm reduces the amount of computation and preprocessing the results to reduce the interference of the error. Finally, a 10kV single-core cable model was built by PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the reliability of the algorithm.
Fuzzy PID based temperature controller for jetting dispenser
Authors: Deng Guiling , Feng Zhiyi
Published: December 2019

In order to reduce the temperature fluctuation of adhesives on jet dispenser, a fuzzy PID temperature controller was designed. An experimental platform was built on the jetting dispenser. The experimental result shows that the stability of the new system is better than that of the classic PID controller, and the temperature fluctuation is reduced by 0.5°C.
Partial discharge development stage division based on multi-classifier fusion
Authors: Sun Changhai , Su Xiaomin , Zhao Zirui , Hang Huifang , Li Tianlun , Wang Chunfeng , Ma Shuang
Published: December 2019

The oil-paper insulation air gap discharge experiment was carried out by the step-up method, and the 29-dimensional discharge characteristic parameters were extracted. The oil-paper insulation air gap discharge experiment was carried out by the step-up method, and the 29-dimensional discharge characteristic parameters were extracted. According to K-means clustering, the partial discharge development stage is divided into four stages: initial discharge stage, discharge development stage, discharge stability stage and near breakdown stage. The three basic classifiers of random forest, support vector machine and back propagation neural network are trained by the credibility-based adaptive weighted voting algorithm to train a new fusion classifier. Compared with the traditional classification fusion device, the proposed classifier fusion model can effectively improve the accuracy of the identification of the discharge development stage, up to 87.5% or more.
Active power translation droop control method for converter station of MTDC system
Authors: Yu Hongguo , Kang Zhongjian , Li Changchao
Published: December 2019

The DC transmission system with wind farm has the characteristics of power and frequency follow-up, it is difficult to realize the stable control of power and voltage in the common control mode of converter station. In order to improve the steady-state characteristics of the active power control of the multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) power system with wind farms, to eliminate the static deviation existing in the system and avoid the system overvoltage during the operation, the model for MTDC system with wind farms was established and analysed. And a control strategy for p-u sagging curve translation through power measurement is proposed in this paper. A four-terminal VSCMTDC simulation model in the Matlab/Simulink platform is built. And the proposed MTDC system control strategy is verified under the different simulation conditions. It can ensure that the system transmits active power within the rated capacity range and the DC voltage of the converter stations is stable and accurate.
Transformer for Single-phase Line Break Fault in Low Voltage Three-phase Distribution System
Authors: Guo Cheng , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhou Fulin
Published: December 2019

Single-phase line break fault is becoming more and more frequent in low voltage three-phase distribution system. Therefore, once the single-phase line break fault occurs, three-phase loads cannot work, which will cause unnecessary economic loss. This paper proposed a transformer that can transfer power from two-phase to three-phase for single-phase line break fault in low voltage three-phase distribution system. The proposed transformer can solve the problem that these three-phase loads cannot work due to single-phase line break fault. At the same time, the principle that the transformer transfers power from two-phase to three-phase is analyzed. Finally, simulation results verify that the proposed transformer can transfer power from two-phase to three-phase.
An accurate method for detecting moving circular face with chamfer in video
Authors: Shu Min , Li Baofu
Published: December 2019

A Circle is a common shape in mechanical parts, which projects as ellipse in image or video. In industrial video, target ellipse is often chaotic due to chamfer interference and external interference. An algorithm is proposed to precisely detect ellipse in video on basis of arc analysis in this paper. Compared with the previous methods, the algorithm adds the step of re-extracting the omitted arcs in first detection, and distinguishes target from interference, so it is more accurate. Combined with a video about the fatigue experiment of self-lubricating joint bearing to analyze, the effectiveness and accuracy of this algorithm are verified intuitively.
Monocular vision based pose measurement of 3D object from circle and line features
Authors: Fu Weixin , Li Baofu
Published: December 2019

An approach for estimating object pose from establishing equations between the features and their projection is proposed. In the case that the focal length of camera is unknown, this paper establishes the mathematical model between the circular feature of 3D Object and its projection through a series of basic changes, and adds common linear feature to provide spatial geometric constraint for pose measurement, then provides the nonlinear equations with seven unknown parameters. The equations are transformed into objective function, then the algorithm of the One-Dimensional search is applied to obtain the optimal value of the focal length. The other parameters can be calculated by the focal length. Experimental results verify the validity and accuracy of the method.
The Reform and Practice of Educational Technology Major in the Age of Artificial Intelligence 2.0
Authors: Xiao Wei , Bie Mei
Published: December 2019

The current professional talent training program, curriculum setting, teaching method, etc., of educational technology major have failed to meet the requirements for the society gradually. There are three main aspects of the “AI+” Educational Technology professional reform of Changchun Normal University: knowledge, ability and the professional qualities. In the future, artificial intelligence will play an irreplaceable role in improving the quality of teaching and learning.
Mining of Implicit Association Relationship of Text based on Audit Knowledge Base
Authors: Liu Gang , Li TengFei , Zhou ZhenYu
Published: December 2019

In the knowledge base, the concept is refined, and it is difficult to realize the analysis of correlation between concepts through statistical means. However, a large number of domain business relationships stored in the knowledge base provide the basis for the inter-concept relationship. By analyzing the characteristics of the direct correlation between concepts, we can find the indirect relation between the concepts implicit in the knowledge base. To measure the degree of the indirect correlation between the concepts, we can select the strong association relation that meets the requirement as the association rule with potential significance in the knowledge base.
An Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Model of PMSM Demagnetization Fault
Authors: Zhang Zhiyan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Yuandi , Qin Peng , Zhang Fu
Published: December 2019

The PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor) demagnetization fault simulation model and the equivalent magnetic circuit model under normal operation were established, and the calculation method of each parameter on the equivalent magnetic circuit model was analyzed. Then the demagnetization factor that represents the demagnetization severity was introduced, and the calculation method of parameter under the fault condition of the PMSM was deduced, and the air gap flux densities of the PMSM under different working conditions were calculated. At last, the validity of this model was verified by comparing the results of the partial demagnetization simulation and the equivalent magnetic circuit model.
Menfish Classification Based on Inception_V3 Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Huang Jiangchang , Gong Weijie , Chen Hong
Published: December 2019

Due to the impact of global environmental pollution deterioration, as well as uncontrolled fishing activities. The global fish stocks are becoming more and more serious, so it is necessary to pay attention to this issue. In this paper, the characteristics of traditional fish identification methods are vast, subjective factors are strong, and the current accuracy is not good in today’s deep learning. A migration learning based on Inception_v3 network with excellent feature extraction ability is proposed. Fish recognition model This model has better recognition ability than traditional models and some simple convolutional neural networks, and further improves the accuracy of Inception_v3 for fish recognition.
The On-Resistance Model of Silicon Carbide Merged PiN Schottky (MPS) Diodes
Authors: Du Qiwen , Tao Xuehui
Published: December 2019

A novel resistance model of silicon carbide (SiC) merged PiN Schottky diodes (MPS) is presented in this study. With this model, the device characteristics and power dissipation can be predicted. The on-resistance in the three operating modes, namely, unipolar, low-injection and high-injection modes, is calculated. In the unipolar and low-injection modes, the effect of temperature on carrier mobility and conduction angle are added to the factors that need to be considered, whereas the influence of current density is considered in the high injection mode. The carrier distribution in the high injection mode is analyzed and applied to determine the resistance. The model is verified experimentally via comparison of the calculated and measured characteristics.
Research on Partial Discharge Diagnosis Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural
Authors: Yang Yi , Gu Chao , Qin Jiafeng , Shao Zhenyu , Song Fang , Li Yao
Published: December 2019

Partial discharge is a common phenomenon in the operation of electrical equipment. The detection of partial discharge is an important method to evaluate the insulation state of electrical equipment. Accurate and effective identification and evaluation of partial discharge is of great significance for the operation and maintenance of power equipment. This paper first introduces the basic characteristics of partial discharge, commonly used detection methods and defects. In view of the low efficiency, poor generalization and low accuracy of shallow neural network diagnosis, a new method based on data augmentation and convolution neural networks is proposed. The partial discharge diagnosis method of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is used to establish a partial discharge diagnosis system. Through the verification of the real PD diagnosis case, the partial discharge diagnosis system based on this method has higher recognition rate and stability.
A Coordinated Charging/Discharging Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Price Guidance Mechanism
Authors: Song Jiaoru , Suo Lian , Han Mengxia , Wang Yue
Published: December 2019

In view of the contradiction between the rapid growth of electric vehicles ownership and the imbalance of electric vehicles’ charging demand and the lower distribution network service ability, a coordinated charging/discharging strategy maximizing the discharge depth on the basis of satisfying the charging demand of electric vehicles is proposed. This paper analyses the relationship between the charging/discharging time intervals of electric vehicles and the division of time-of-use electricity price, the vehicles’ arrival/departure time and the daily driving mileage. Take minimizing load fluctuation as the objective and take meeting the charging demand of electric vehicle users as the restrains based on time-of-use electricity price. Monte Carlo simulation and PSO algorithm are used for simulation and calculation. The results show that with the coordinated charging and discharging strategy, it can not only realize the peak load shifting, but make the customers’ charging cost lower.
Transformer Location Analysis Based on Poi Information
Authors: Yan Yi , Xiao Jianyi , Zeng Chaolin , Yang Yongjiao , Zhan Lichao , Li Bo
Published: December 2019

The location of the transformer is an important part of the power transmission and transformation project. This paper first summarizes and summarizes the predecessors’ rules for transformer location, and draws the following six rules: close to the load center, making the regional power grid layout reasonable, high and low pressure side access lines convenient, station area topography, station area geological. And the application of screening 1451 original poi data to obtain 368 poi data in accordance with the rules of 3 and above, and then introduce the ap clustering model, and apply the data to 9 ap clustering models by setting different parameters. In the optimal result, six clustering points are given, and the scores of the six locations are calculated and normalized to obtain the ranking of the transformers. The first one is the textile street.
Summarize on Application of Arc Protection Device in Substation
Authors: Pan Benren , Zhang Yan , Gui Xiaozhi , Wan Yong , Wang Guannan
Published: December 2019

Arc protection device plays an important role in ensuring the faults of switchgear in substation. This paper analyses the operation problems of switchgear in substation, analyses the characteristics and necessity of arc protection device, expounds the principle and system structure of arc protection, and puts forward the design method of arc protection, which can quickly remove the faults in the operation of substation, and ensures that guarantee the safe and stable operation of substation.
Design and Research of Thyristor Rectifier Based on Polarization Technology
Authors: Liu Jie
Published: December 2019

The thyristor rectifier has the advantages of simple operation, fast response, good steady flow accuracy and high rectification efficiency. In this paper, the system structure design and parameter design of the thyristor rectifier are carried out, and the main technical measures of the rectifier cabinet are analyzed. Through the research of the thyristor rectifier system, the system can obtain high stability DC current, which can basically meet the actual production needs.
Design and Implementation of Aircraft Measurement Data Monitoring and Analysis Software under Linux
Authors: Zhu Zebo
Published: December 2019

Due to the platform change, the measurement data monitoring software under the Windows platform has no running environment. In order to solve the data monitoring blind zone between the data distribution server and the router link, this paper proposes to use port mirroring technology to solve this problem. And research and development of a set of Linux platform measurement data monitoring and analysis software.
An Electro-Acoustic Devices Recognition Detection System Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Wang Yu , Wu Zhiheng , Duan Xianyun , Chen Zhuquan , Lin Hongrui , Tong Jigang , Li Ping , Zhu Min
Published: December 2019

Aiming at a series of problems, such as low efficiency, low quality and high error detection rate, in the manufacturing process of various electro-acoustic devices, a recognition and detection system based on machine vision technology is proposed.Electroacoustic device were collected to patch the image threshold segmentation, feature points of the special points and electroacoustic device noise in image segmentation, and then to get the edge detection and binarization image set according to the characteristics of characteristics of electro-acoustic device patch contour recognition and extraction, realize the automatic recognition and detection of electroacoustic device.The system has successfully carried out the identification and detection test of electro-acoustic devices, and has high identification and detection efficiency and accuracy, high stability of the system, which has great practical application and promotion value.
A Feature Selection Framework for Software Defect Prediction Using ISFLA
Authors: Bi Wenbin , Yu Fang
Published: December 2019

Aiming at the problem of feature space dimension reduction and large search space in feature selection of software defect, a defect prediction feature selection framework based on meta-heuristic search algorithm (ISFLA) is proposed. The framework improves generalization of predictions of unknown data samples, enhances the ability to search for features related to learning tasks, and completes further reductions in feature space dimensions. Using some NASA data sets, several common software defect prediction methods and ISFLA simulation experiments were carried out. The experimental results show that the software feature selection framework based on the improved shuffled frog leaping algorithm effectively improves the performance of software defect prediction.
Influence of process parameters of firing clay materials on phase composition and structure of ceramics
Authors: Vladimirov K D , Saraeva P I , Chernykh T N
Published: December 2019

The article describes the influence of the technological impact the firing process has on ceramics structure. The process of forming a ceramic crock is described, which is represented by crystalline phase and glass phase. The dependences of the end product properties on the phases constituting its structure are described. Using X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy, the authors studied ceramics produced from three types of clay materials with different content of clay minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite). The change in the phase composition of the ceramic crock depending on the firing temperature is described. A conclusion was made on the fact that the structure is mainly glass phase with crystalline impurity inclusions. A necessity has been revealed for producing ordered structure for mullite.
Analysis of quality of construction products by example of LLC “RTITS”
Authors: Zhegera K V , Petuhova N A , Gargala A V
Published: December 2019

The article provides information about the need for quality management in enterprises. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of quality improvement problems in the foreign and Russian economy are considered. The results of the application of statistical evaluation of the quality of construction products are presented by the example of well rings made by LLC “RTITS”. The reproducibility index, quality indicator of the technological process Ik was calculated, taking into account the stability of the technological process and the finished product quality. Constructed function desirability. The authors performed the analysis of results obtained and developed recommendations for quality assurance in the production of well rings
Application of clusterization algorithms for building materials classification on radioactivity in R
Authors: Sokolov P E , Sentenberg S A
Published: December 2019

The clusterization method of raw construction materials on their radioactivity with clusterization algorithms within statistical treatment environment and R analysis applied is handled in the paper. The authors make an emphasis on application of modern methods of raw construction materials radioactivity data treatment. Raw construction materials are evaluated on the basis of objective evidence, reflecting indices of specific activities and of inner natural radionuclides specific activity. As a result of net learning on the experimental data the authors acquire a cluster map provided with segmentation on the natural radionuclides effective specific activity. Consequently, both the criteria are established and the hitting of a raw material into the corresponding cluster is estimated. The application of a “decision tree” algorithm makes it possible to state rules according to which raw materials refer to these or those clusters. As opposed to traditional analysis methods, the applied technique of radioactivity estimation is based on quantitative characteristics. On the ground of the acquired results conclusions are made on a possibility and appropriateness of application of the said technique of analysis and classification of raw materials radioactivity data.
Methodological approaches to optimization of grain composition of heat-resistant concrete
Authors: Stefanenko I V , Gnedash E E , Akchurin T K
Published: December 2019

Heat-resistant concrete of fine-grained structure attracts special attention of refractory applications manufacturers. The task of optimizing the grain size composition of heat-resistant concrete fillers on the basis of by-products and related products of silicon carbide (SiC) production and waste products of abrasive tools production on a ceramic bond of fine-grained structure is of research and practical interest. It is proposed to use grain size compositions of gapped grading for a fine-grained cement system of heat-resistant concrete. The analysis of methodological approaches in the calculation of the grain size composition of concrete fillers allowed us to determine the Fuller formula as an optimal one from a practical perspective. Due to the use of gapped grading of the grain component of the concrete composition, an optimal ratio between the size of the grains of quartz sand and the waste of abrasive production was achieved. Balanced distribution of the filler in concrete mix made it possible to obtain intimate contact between their grains, which resulted in dense, “well-packed” concrete structure, and will further enable 5-10% saving of the cement binder. The compressive strength of samples with gapped grading filler was 38.7 MPa, the thermal resistance (water, 800°C) amounted to 16 thermal cycles.
Results of determination of thermal conductivity coefficient for board materials from plant waste
Authors: Vachnina T N , Susoeva I V , Titunin A A
Published: December 2019

This paper solves the problem of recycling irretrievable waste spinning flax and cotton. This plant waste is incinerated or sent to landfill. It is proposed to use plant waste as a filler for building materials for thermal insulation purposes. New thermal insulating materials based on plant waste are manufactured using the technology of soft fibreboard wet production method. Synthetic thermosetting or inorganic binders are used as the matrix of the composites. The article presents the results of an experimental determination of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of plate materials from irretrievable spinning waste of flax and cotton fibers. Composites based on flax waste filler have a lower value of thermal conductivity coefficient than for cotton waste plates. The results of determining the thermal conductivity coefficient of composite boards based on spinning flax and cotton showed that the developed material can be used as an internal thermal insulating layer of enclosing structures.
Plant for production of wood polymeric paving slabs
Authors: Fomin A A , Saldaev V A , Prosvirnikov D B
Published: December 2019

The article describes in detail the developed method of obtaining composite wood-polymer paving slabs, obtained on the basis of wood waste and secondary polymeric resources. According to this method, samples of a light and effective composite material in the form of paving slabs were obtained in a laboratory installation. The results of experimental studies of the operational properties of the material obtained are presented, in particular, the abrasion rates and the degree of the material water absorption were determined. A qualitative analysis of the performance criteria of the obtained material in comparison with the polymer-sand and cement-sand compositions was conducted. On the basis of the research carried out, a pilot plant was developed for producing composite wood-polymer paving slabs, its technical characteristics were described in detail, and the allowable ranges for the technological parameters of the plant were determined. The obtained ranges will make it possible to make calculations correctly, establish the limits of experimental variation, and carry out a number of other research complexes on the unit, the purpose of which will be to determine the optimal operational parameters of the process for producing wood-polymer paving slabs.
Analysis of concrete deformation diagram, received by different ways of formation, and their separate layers
Authors: Stel’makh S A , Shcherban’ E M , Kholodnyak M G
Published: December 2019

The article covers the processes that occur during centrifugation and vibration centrifugation of ready-mix concrete. It dwells upon the conditions of specific (variational) structure formation of as-formed centrifuged concrete, the outer layer of which is formed mostly by coarse aggregate with an interlayer of cement-water paste; the closer to its inner surface, the higher the content of small particles of dense aggregate and cement-water paste. Having conducted the research, the authors plotted and analyzed stress-deformation diagrams of concrete samples and their separate layers acquired through various molding processes. They studied different concrete mixes with varied combinations of aggregate and dispersed fiber. A mix of vibration centrifuged concrete with combined aggregate (granite + lightweight expanded clay aggregate) and combined fiber (steel + basalt) was chosen for further research. One diagram was plotted for vibrated concrete, which has an even distribution of properties over the cross sections; three diagrams were plotted for centrifuged and three – for vibration centrifuged concrete (one for each layer: outer, middle, and inner). The experimental data was analyzed.
Assessment of maintainability and resistance to external influences of PVC waterproofing membrane systems
Authors: Zagorodnikova M A , Mamontov S A , Yartsev V P
Published: December 2019

Recently, waterproofing systems made of PVC membranes, used in the construction of high-rise buildings with a developed underground part, have gained great popularity. Due to the considerable depth and magnitude of static loads at the foundation level, the complete replacement of such waterproofing with standard methods in case of its damage is practically impossible. To avoid this situation, a multi-layer PVC waterproofing membrane system with a geotextile middle layer was created. To repair such a system it is supposed to inject a polymer composition into it through special tubes, which after curing restores the waterproofness of the membranes. The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the maintainability of the described waterproofing system. It was proved that the injection of the repair composition into the middle geotextile layer is possible even with external static pressure on the membranes of 146 t/m2. At the same time, the high resistance of PVC membranes to the long-term action of a significant static load and repair composition was found, and the durability of a waterproofing system, predicted from the point of the thermal-fluctuation theory of the destruction of solids, under operating conditions for shear was about 50 years.
Fibre-reinforced foam concrete with hollow glass microspheres
Authors: Perfilov V A
Published: December 2019

The article covers the results of research and experimental studies aimed at determination of the impact of hollow glass microspheres on the properties of light fine-aggregate foam concrete. The authors determined the physical and mechanic characteristics of foam concrete containing a different amount of microspheres, polymer and basalt fibres using different foaming and superplasticising agents. It was determined that optimal content of hollow glass microspheres with respect to quartz sand is 50 %. As a result strength properties increased by 16-23 %. Foaming agents PO-6 and PB-2000, superplasticising agent Sika ViscoCrete 5-800, polypropylene fibre VSM and basalt fibre were selected as the most efficient. The authors found out that the introduction of coated hollow grass microspheres MS-VP-A9* facilitated the improvement of the pore space structure and the increase in interpore partition strength.
Effective non-destructive methods of evaluating quality of efficient building materials
Authors: Popov V P , Popov D V , Davidenko A Yu
Published: December 2019

The research is devoted to the analysis of available and widely used conventional measures to ensure reliable operation of the in-situ reinforced concrete structures and their compliance with legal requirements. It requires using one of the research trends of the Samara school of material sciences developed by the authors some time ago. Several stages of the work have been distinguished during the process of defining methodological foundations for effective non-destructive methods. The first stage concerned the proper mathematical apparatus of the concrete deterioration under various types of external effects. The second stage is important for determining the composition of basic physical and mechanical characteristics. Finally, the third stage is the period when the most reliable existing non-destructive methods are identified and investigation on new techniques is carried out. Thus, the combination of the A.A. Griffiths energy theory and the kinetic theory of S.N. Zhurkov has led to the formation of the mathematical apparatus that is able to simulate conditions of external effects. Testing effective methods for the concrete quality control developed by authors of this paper has been performed at the construction site. The conditions under study are characterized by a large number of ambiguous factors influencing the quantitative indicators of quality control criteria.
Petrographic study of coarse-grained inclusions in clay raw materials
Authors: Petrova E V , Chumachenko N G , Baranova M N
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of standard assessment of coarse-grained inclusions of low-melting clay raw materials taken from four fields. It is shown that such an assessment of coarse-grained inclusions does not give a complete picture of their properties and grain size composition. Further detailed studies of coarse-grained inclusions are performed by microscopic and petrographic methods. The microscopic method was applied when each fraction of inclusions was investigated in the transmitted and reflected light while using a lens of 8x and at an ocular of 9x, field of view diameter being 2.4 mm. The following characteristics of inclusions were defined: size, color, gloss, porosity (pore configuration, their size, quantity and character).The researchers paid special attention to the study of field of view of different fractions, determining clay raw materials stability of properties and causing defects formation. The difference of carbonate inclusions for the clays under study was determined. The type of coarse-grained inclusions, their structure and size can affect the quality of ceramic materials and should be taken into account in production technology. The obtained results will allow predicting the quality of ceramic materials from the investigated clays.
Effect of coalescents on properties of protective styrene-acrylate latex coatings of oriented particle chipboards
Authors: Matveeva L Yu , Yastrebinskaya A V
Published: December 2019

It is necessary to note that in the production of finishing and protective materials for the surfaces of oriented chipboards, the most effective film former today is considered to be styrene-acrylate latex. However, the known styrene-acrylate dispersions have a minimum film formation temperature within 14–20 ° C, which doesn’t satisfy mass construction works. In order to obtain high-quality films in a wide range of temperatures, it is necessary to use special additives - coalescents. It was decided to use methoxypropanol, ethylene glycol and butyl glycol as coalescents. Their main selection criterion was the homogeneity of the resulting film and the absence of external defects. Based on the studies conducted, it was determined that the butyl glycol additive in the composition leads to the reduction in the elastic modulus of film coatings, which, in its turn, invariably leads to the increase in the relative elongation at break. The butyl glycol additive also enhances the film-forming and adhesive properties of styrene-acrylate latexes. According to the results of the experiments a composition with 4% wt. butyl glycol content as a coalescent was selected for further research.
Heat treatment of concrete products and structures: issues of strength and efficiencies
Authors: Akulova I I , Shchukina T V , Sheps R A
Published: December 2019

The article describes the study of the possibility of heliothermic treatment of concrete products in the climatic conditions of a particular region. Sufficient intensity of solar radiation in the summer months, including the observed significant clouds accompanied by precipitation, allows establishing a thermal regime in the solar cells of the covering type, which provides the required strength set for shipment during the day. The subsequent tests showed high strength characteristics of the manufactured products of samples whose numerical values are not inferior to those obtained by traditional heat treatment. The introduction of solar thermal treatment in the production of concrete products will save energy for 180-200 R/m3 of products.
Impact of design decisions on quality of highways
Authors: Pimenov A T
Published: December 2019

The need for a compulsory record-keeping of the properties of road-building mixtures that determine deformations of highways under the influence of dynamic transport loads, as well as climatic action, is already grounded at the design stage. Special attention should be given to the operational characteristics recommended for the use of road-building materials, including flow (viscosity, fluidity, deformability) and thixotropic (dilution or concentration under the influence of mechanical loads, the ability to restore the destroyed mechanical impacts the original structure) properties of crushed stone sand mixes. The importance of taking into account the mechanisms of interaction of the road base with the surrounding ground is determined, which is connected with the appearance of the defects on the road surface during operation process. Typical effects of pavement deformation Act crack various configuration (mesh, surface, shrink, cross-cutting), potholes and sinks, prosadi and shifts, waves and a comb, track etc. In addition, there are inaccuracies in the recommendations for the construction of individual structural components of highways, presented in regulatory documents, which requires careful consideration as early as at the design stage. Normative documents do not fully take into account the need for selection of macadam-sand mixture, given its deformativnosti influenced by dynamic loads.
Effective ways to reduce leaching and formation of efflorescence on structures
Authors: Rudnov V S , Belyakov V A
Published: December 2019

Corrosion of the first kind (leaching) is the process of dissolution and removal to the surface of the structure of calcium hydroxide salts mainly under the action of a constant diffuse flow of water through a multi – level porous structure of the concrete composite. Technological methods to prevent the formation and reduction of efflorescence (leaching) when used in practice, improve durability of building structures and reduce operating costs. The paper explores the possibility of reduction or complete elimination of efflorescence on the surface of building structures due to the impact on calcium hydroxide in the composition of the Portland cement.
Oil-treated gravel road pavements
Authors: Vasilovskaya G , Yakshina A , Yanaev E
Published: December 2019

The following paper presents results of research carried out on oiled gravel aggregate. In Russia, the oil-treated aggregate mixture is called “loose-bound organic-mineral mixture” (hereinafter abbreviated as LOM). The aim of the research was to explore the possibility of using oil waste products and their heavy residues generated during oil transportation as a binder in oil-treated gravel aggregate or LOM. Currently, this waste is not used anywhere, it is widely burned, polluting the environment. Studies were carried out using Infra-red spectroscopy of samples of the original oil waste, heavy residues of oil waste and road oil bitumen of BND 90/130 quality type. The fractional composition of oil wastes and their heavy residues was studied during their distillation by heating to a temperature of +335 °C. It was found that for preparing LOM it is more effective to use oil residues. The number of LOM compositions samples were prepared and their main physical and mechanical indicators were determined. Based on the tests, it was concluded that the residues of oil waste can be used as a binder in the composition of LOM such as oil-treated gravel.
Structure-forming role and properties of phosphogypsum in unburned technology of wall materials and rare-earth metals concentrate simultaneous production
Authors: Zolotukhin S N , Kukina O B , Barabash D E
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the theoretical aspects of the processes of structure formation of composites in the non-fired technology for producing building wall materials with the simultaneous extraction of a concentrate of non-radioactive rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum. The object of research is phosphogypsum – an environmentally-adverse chemical waste that accumulates in dumps over the years. The research results are illustrated with the X-ray fluorescence method, differential thermal calorimetry and spectrometry of the properties of phosphogypsum: radioactivity, chemical composition, dehydration energy, content of non-radioactive rare-earth metals. The effect of dehydration energy and pressure on the strength of the resulting building material is established. A flow chart of energy-saving non-firing technology for the direct production of wall materials with the simultaneous extraction of a rare-earth metal concentrate from phosphogypsum is presented. It has been shown that phosphogypsum can be used as a building material without radioactivity restrictions. It is proved that phosphogypsum exhibits astringent properties that provide annealing-free production of wall materials with the simultaneous extraction of a rare-earth metal concentrate. This technology allows for the selection of strategically important rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum while reducing the cost of production of wall materials by 2 - 3 times.
Study of micromycete destructive power in gypsum and polymeric binding composite construction materials
Authors: Matveeva L , Pakhtinov V , Tikhonov Yu
Published: December 2019

Analyzing fungus resistance of gypsum and organic composites is extremely important since fungi may both lead to deterioration in mechanical and operational properties of construction materials and adversely affect people’s health, including development of chronic diseases. We study fungus resistance and fungicidity characteristics of popular finishing gypsum and organic (epoxy- and polyester-based) composites. Plaster materials get exposed to micromycete biocorrosion faster than the ones based on a polymeric binding. Micromycetes adapt on plaster samples quicker than on epoxy and polyester samples. During their metabolism, micromycetes intensively allocate acid products on plaster samples, their high enzymatic activity is also noticed on polymeric materials.