bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital transformation, smart technologies, and eco-innovation are paving the way toward sustainable supply chain performance
Authors: Rehman Khan Syed Abdul , Ahmad Zeeshan , Sheikh Adnan Ahmed , Yu Zhang
Published: December 2022

The world has limited resources and resource depletion has been a serious concern for many years. To ensure that ecological balance is maintained, the United Nations has developed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study attempts to meet the 12th SDG of “responsible production and consumption” and provide a guideline to manufacturing organizations in Pakistan. Many scholars have examined the role of different technologies on sustainable performance. However, research using eco-innovation (EI), digital transformation (DT), and smart technologies (ST) is still scarce. The current study develops the conceptual model based on the resource-based view (RBV) and technology, organization, and environment (TOE) theories, and using a simple random sampling technique, valid data from 375 professionals in the manufacturing industry is collected to test the relationship between sustainable development strategy (SDS), EI, DT, ST, and sustainable supply chain performance (SSCP). The results indicate strong positive relationships between SDS, EI, DT, ST, and SSCP. Results indicate that even if organizations are executing SDS and EI, without DT and ST, organizations cannot achieve SSCP. Therefore, it is recommended to the managers that they must apply DT and ST to guarantee their pursuit of achieving sustainable performance and contribution toward SDGs.
Theoretical study and application of energy extreme value discrimination method of softening zone for bursting hazard
Authors: Zhu Xiaojing , Qi Qingxin , Xiao Yonghui
Published: December 2022

Considering the current situation that it's difficult to quantify the discrimination of rockburst hazard, an analytical solution for the softening zone energy of surrounding rock under rockburst in a circular roadway is obtained theoretically based on the elastoplastic softening model of a circular roadway. The critical softening zone energy, critical softening zone radius, critical roadway shrinkage displacement, and critical roadway shrinkage rate are determined. An energy extreme value discrimination method of softening zone for bursting hazard is proposed. The critical softening zone energy is taken as the evaluation basis of the bursting liability of the coal seam where the roadway (a full coal roadway) is located. The uniform energy index, which is the ratio of the external disturbance energy of the surrounding rock softening zone to the critical softening zone energy, is used as the evaluation basis for bursting hazards. Theoretical analysis shows that the smaller the critical softening zone energy of the roadway surrounding rock is, the stronger the bursting liability of the coal seam is, and the greater the uniform bursting hazard index is, the stronger the bursting hazard of the roadway. Subsequently, based on the critical softening zone energy and the uniform energy index, a classification standard of bursting liability and an evaluation method of bursting hazard are proposed. The reliability of the softening zone energy extremum criterion, the bursting liability classification standard, and the bursting hazard evaluation method was verified through indoor and field tests. The energy extreme value discrimination method of softening zone for bursting hazard considers the internal and external factors of roadway rockburst comprehensively and can judge the rockburst risk through field real-time observation, which is a more scientific and reasonable method to predict the risk of roadway rockburst. The research work has important theoretical guiding significance for the prevention and control of roadway rockbursts.
Book review: Surinder S. Jodhka (Ed.), Agrarian Change in India
Authors: Thakur Manish
Published: December 2022

Surinder S. Jodhka (Ed.), Agrarian Change in India. Hyderabad: Orient BlackSwan, 2022, 410 pp., ₹1425 (Paperback). ISBN: 9789354422287.
Associations between adolescent mental health and pedestrian- and transit-oriented urban design qualities: Evidence from a national-level online Canadian survey
Authors: Buttazzoni Adrian , Minaker Leia
Published: December 2022

Different types of environment stimuli (e.g. noise, aesthetics) in urban environments are becoming better understood as determinants of the mental health of urban dwellers. Research on the impacts of urban exposures, especially those related to urban designs, and their potential impacts on the mental health of adolescents specifically, however, is currently lacking. In this study, we examine the relationships between five pedestrian- and transit-oriented design (PTOD) concepts – imageability, enclosure, human scale, transparency and complexity – and adolescent emotional responses to six settings of varied PTOD quality, and discuss potential design-related emotional affordances within Gibson’s Theory of Affordances (ToA). Using an online survey method with videos of each setting, a nationally representative sample of Canadian adolescents viewed the videos and indicated responses to six mental health indicators (positive affect, negative affect, calmness, anxiousness, perceived restorativeness and mental demand). Adjusted linear mixed models (LMMs) were constructed to examine the association between different urban settings and each outcome. Results indicated that, generally, as the quality of five PTOD concepts increased, as reflected in the scores of the different settings, positive emotional responses tended to increase while negative responses decreased (excluding mental demand). Within the frame of the ToA, multiple emotional response outcomes were significantly associated with settings high in aggregate PTOD quality (e.g. Plaza-Positive Affect: β = 0.116, 95% CI: 0.010–0.222, p = 0.033; Bluespace-Mental Demand: β = −1.634, 95% CI: −1.770 to −1.498, p = <0.000), suggesting such spaces may be perceived by adolescents as possessing greater emotional richness with respect to affordances. Future studies should further explore these relationships with other means (e.g. objective methods).
Cost of Illness of COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Health and Economic System
Authors: Rajabi Marziyeh , Rezaee Mehdi , Omranikhoo Habib , Khosravi Abdolrasool , Keshmiri Saeed , Ghaedi Hossien , Pourreza Abolghasem
Published: December 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had destructive influences on social and economic systems as well as many aspects of human life. In this study, we aimed to estimate the economic effects of COVID-19 at the individual and societal levels during a fiscal year. This cost of illness analysis was used to estimate the economic burden of COVID-19 in Iran. Data of the COVID-19 patients referred to the hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2021 were collected through the Hospital Information System (HIS). The study methodology was based upon the human capital approach and bottom-up technique. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in 9711 confirmed hospital cases and 717 deaths in Bushehr province during the study period. The direct and indirect costs were estimated to be $1446.06 and $3081.44 per patient. The economic burden for the province and country was estimated to be $43.97 and $2680.88 million. The results showed that the economic burden of this disease particularly premature death costs is remarkably high. Therefore, in order to increase the resiliency of the health system and the stability in service delivery, preventive-oriented strategies have to be more seriously considered by policymakers.
Emotional Solidarity and Co-creation of Experience as Determinants of Environmentally Responsible Behavior: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Theory Perspective
Authors: Wang Sujie , Berbekova Adiyukh , Uysal Muzaffer , Wang Jiahui
Published: December 2022

Effective approaches to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of tourism development have become one of the most prevalent topics in tourism. However, limited research analyzes the role of social interactions in tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior. This study is one of the first to investigate two distinct antecedents representing visitors’ interactions with service providers and residents to explain tourists’ behavior. Drawing on the Stimulus-Organism-Response theory, a mixed-methods sequential explanatory research design was employed by collecting quantitative data through a survey and following up with qualitative data from in-depth interviews. Based on a survey of 441 respondents, the study confirmed the positive effects of co-creation experiences between tourists and service providers, as well as emotional solidarity between visitors and residents, on tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior at destinations. An analysis of 10 in-depth interviews reveals new important factors contributing to tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior and its outcomes.
Intergroup Encounters in Urban Public Spaces: Everyday Strategies of Host Community Members Following a Refugee Influx
Authors: Irgil Ezgi
Published: December 2022

Some host community members (HCMs) develop positive attitudes toward refugees, while others do not. The current literature on perceptions of refugees offers different explanations for these varied responses to intergroup encounters (positive contact, negative contact, and exposure). Nevertheless, few scholars have examined the outcomes of intergroup relations at the microlevel to better understand the various impacts of intergroup encounters between HCMs and refugees. Even fewer scholars have focused on the everyday implications of HCMs’ attitudes toward refugees in response to changing local demographics. In this article, I argue that in addition to the type of intergroup encounters, the locations where these encounters occur at the neighborhood level serve as a critical factor in understanding HCMs’ sociospatial attitudes or their attitudes toward refugees at the microlevel of everyday life. In doing so, I introduce the concept of everyday strategies to describe the sociospatial attitudes that HCMs adopt in different types of urban public spaces following their encounters with refugees in neighborhoods that have experienced a large refugee influx. Empirically, the analysis draws on interviews conducted with 60 HCMs in Bursa, Turkey, in 2018 and, through the concept of everyday strategies, extends the literature on HCMs’ attitudes regarding refugees. Overall, this article contributes to the wider study of international migration by detailing the influence of microlevel intergroup encounters on HCMs’ sociospatial attitudes in a South-South forced migration context.
Disability and return to work after a multidisciplinary intervention for (sub)acute low back pain: A systematic review
Authors: Bernaers Lisa , Cnockaert Elise , Braeckman Lutgart , Mairiaux Philippe , Willems Tine Marieke
Published: December 2022

Objective

This systematic review aimed to examine pain, functional status and return to work after a multidisciplinary intervention, with or without additional workplace intervention, for (sub)acute low back pain among adults.

Data sources

A comprehensive search was completed (November 2022) in six electronic databases (Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, CENTRAL and Scopus) and in the reference list of all identified studies.

Review methods

The search results were screened against predefined eligibility criteria by two independent researchers. Included articles were systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials examining the effect of a multidisciplinary intervention, with or without workplace intervention, in working adults with (sub)acute low back pain. Relevant information was summarized and clustered, and the methodological quality and certainty of evidence were assessed respectively using the RoB 2-tool, the ROBIS tool and the GRADE criteria.

Results

The search resulted in a total of 3020 articles. After the screening process, 12 studies remained (11 randomized controlled trials and 1 systematic review), which studied overall 2751 patients, with a follow-up period of at least 12 months.

Conclusions

A multidisciplinary intervention is favorable compared to usual care for pain intensity and functional status but this is less clear for return to work. Comparable work-related effects were found when comparing a multidisciplinary intervention with a less extensive intervention, whereas uncertainties exist regarding outcomes of pain intensity and functional status. Furthermore, adding a workplace intervention to usual care and subdividing patients based on work-related characteristics seems beneficial for return to work.
The clinical spectrum of a nonsense mutation in KAT6A: a case report
Authors: Wang Dongbo , He Jun , Li Xueyi , Yan Shuyuan , Pan Linglin , Wang Tuanmei , Zhou Liangrong , Liu Jiyang , Peng Xiangwen
Published: December 2022

KAT6A syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability due to mutations in the lysine acetyltransferase 6A ( KAT6A) gene. There are some differences in phenotype between KAT6A gene variants. This current case report describes a 1-month-old male infant that had a nonsense mutation in the KAT6A gene. Neither of his parents had the mutation. The proband had feeding difficulties and a physical examination revealed the following: moderate dysphagia, hypoplastic laryngeal cartilage, poor audio-visual response, poor head-up ability, no active grasping awareness, microcephaly, high arched palate and he was significantly behind other children of the same age. Echocardiography showed that the foramen ovale was not closed. He was diagnosed with atrial septal defect (ASD) when 2 years old. The patient received ASD repair at 32 months of age. Head colour Doppler ultrasonography and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cysts in the right ventricle and choroid plexus, which returned to normal at 2 years of age. This current case demonstrates that immediate surgery should be considered in newborns with KAT6A syndrome presenting with a heart malformation. A new KAT6A syndrome phenotype is described in this current case report, which requires early diagnosis and treatment.
Barriers to Screening At-risk Populations in Canada
Authors: Cao Daniel J. , Alabousi Mostafa , Farshait Nataly , Patlas Michael N.
Published: December 2022

Cancer screening is invaluable for early detection of disease, including for breast and lung cancer. Through early detection, cancer treatment can be commenced prior to the development of advanced stage disease, significantly reducing morbidity and mortality. However, eligible patients may face barriers when accessing screening services, and some groups may be more disproportionately affected than others. This review aims to describe some of the most prominent barriers that at-risk populations may face when accessing image-based cancer screening services in Canada. Characterizing these barriers would be helpful in determining the best strategies to increase uptake to these screening services and, consequently, improve health equity.
Wearing Is Caring: An Investigation of the Adoption of Black Lives Matter Apparel and Accessories by Non-Blacks
Authors: Johnson Olivia , Matthews Delisia , Patwary Sarif , Diallo Mariam D.
Published: December 2022

Social movements that involve a variety of individuals from various backgrounds, such as Black Lives Matter, have made social justice (SJ) a prominent factor when purchasing. Although clothing is an influential communication tool and identity construction mechanism, very little research has explored the relationship between dress and SJ activism. Using Identity theory, this study proposed a model of non-Blacks’ adoption of BLM apparel/accessories which included repurchase intention and need for uniqueness as a moderating factor. The model was verified using structural equation modeling for the data obtained from a sample of 405 non-Black participants who purchased BLM apparel/accessories in the past 12 months. The results show a positive relationship exists between SJ commitment and SJ social identity salience and identity salience positively influences SJ behavior. The study also validated that SJ behavior positively influences repurchase intention. The findings improve our understanding of the motivations of non-Black BLM supporters.
Changing concepts of greenhouse gas expressions: Discursive specialization in parliamentary discourses on climate change
Authors: Gjesdal Anje Müller , Andersen Gisle
Published: December 2022

Global environmental change has provoked changes in how humans experience and perceive their relationship to nature. Such conceptual changes can be observed through language use, and specifically lexical change. This paper investigates how such changes manifest through an analysis of how the terms ‘greenhouse gas’, ‘climate gas’, ‘carbon’, and ‘CO2’ are used in the Norwegian parliament in the time period 1999–2019. We observe a discursive specialization where different discursive dimensions are linked to the different expressions, corresponding to different framings of climate change, including technological, economic, and moral perspectives. Importantly, there is a shift over time where the discursive division of labor between the expressions is consolidated and new framings emerge. We show that a more refined language of GHG expressions is a discursive resource that contributes to making sense of the multiple ways that climate change impacts society.
Assessment of the cellular integrity and expression of melatonin receptor (MTNR1A) in the retina assaulted by ethanol and acetaminophen
Authors: Adekeye AO , Fafure AA
Published: December 2022

Ethanol exposures have been reported to disrupt the development of the retina and optic nerve which can be considered as part of underlying mechanisms of visual pathway impairments. This study aims to investigate the cellular integrity of the retina and the expression of melatonin receptor (MTNR1A) in the retina when assaulted chronically and simultaneously by ethanol and acetaminophen. Animals were randomly grouped into five groups. Control (normal saline), Alcohol group (25% alcohol in 2% sucrose solution), Acetaminophen group, (100 mg/kg BW for 14 days), Acetaminophen + Alcohol group (25% alcohol in 2% sucrose solution + 100 mg/kg BW of paracetamol). Withdrawal group (25% alcohol in 2% sucrose solution + 100 mg/kg BW of paracetamol). The body weight and rectal temperature of the animals were taking every 2 days and a post mortem study was conducted by quantitatively assessing the markers of oxidative stress. Melatonin level was quantified in the retina tissue and Immunohistochemistry was done via MTNR1A to study the expression of melatonin receptor type 1A in the retina. These results demonstrate that alcohol and acetaminophen significantly reduced the activity of retina rat melatonin (MTNR1A) levels, lowers the SOD and MDA activity. Expression of MTNR1A was reduced in the ganglionic cell layer of Alcohol and acetaminophen group as compared to the control and withdrawal group. It can be inferred that chronic simultaneous intake/consumption of alcohol and acetaminophen altered the melatonin level in the retina and this may implicate the circadian clock and melatonin in Wistar rat visual system.
Book review: Jennifer S. Cheavens and David B. Feldman, The Science and Application of Positive Psychology
Authors: Meldrum Helen
Published: December 2022

Jennifer S. Cheavens and David B. Feldman, The Science and Application of Positive Psychology. Cambridge University Press, 2021, 480 pp., $64.99 (Paperback). ISBN: 9781108460835
Craniolacunia and the Development of the Fetal Calvaria: An Autopsy Series With Clinical and Histological Analysis
Authors: Reed Robyn C.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Craniolacunia, also known as lückenschädel, is a congenital abnormality of the calvaria featuring well-circumscribed areas of marked thinning, interspersed with more-normal bone. It is most commonly associated with myelomeningocele and/or Chiari 2 malformation.

Methods:

Records, photographs, and histologic sections were reviewed from 13 autopsy cases with craniolacunia. To investigate normal calvarial development, 23 parietal bone samples from fetuses/infants of 16–42 weeks gestation were examined.

Results:

Parietal bone development had reproducible morphologic stages. Bone thickness increased with gestational age, while osteoblast numbers decreased. Craniolacunia was mainly seen in neonates. Five patients had Chiari 2 malformation, 1 had hydrocephalus, and 2 had other structural CNS abnormalities. One had trisomy 18. Four had no congenital abnormalities. Two sustained intrapartum skull fractures. Histologic sections were available in 5 cases. Lacunae in term infants had architecture similar to normal calvaria at 16–20 weeks. Adjacent bone had age appropriate architecture but increased osteoblast numbers.

Conclusions:

This is the largest autopsy series of craniolacunia and first systematic histologic analysis of craniolacunia and the developing fetal calvaria. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure, due to myelomeningocele or other structural abnormality, may promote craniolacunia development. The risk of intrapartum fracture through lacunae emphasizes the continued clinical relevance of this diagnosis.
Global Status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Tobacco Cessation Interventions Among Dental Professionals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Priya Harsh , Deb Barma Manali , Purohit Bharathi M , Agarwal Deepali , Bhadauria Upendra Singh , Tewari Nitesh , Gupta Shalini , Mishra Deepika , Morankar Rahul , Mathur Vijay Prakash , Duggal Ritu
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

With the emergence of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, globally the use of tobacco has decreased notably, although, it still requires efforts at individual, organizational, community level to decrease the rate further. Dental professionals are at an excellent position to provide tobacco cessation counselling and interventions, however, it is not practiced much due to lack of training and lack of knowledge. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to assess the global status of knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions among dental professionals.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

A systematic search of 6 databases with no language restriction since 2000 was undertaken. Studies were included if they assessed knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions among dental professionals using a validated or prevalidated tool. The data obtained for assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice, curriculum and barriers were represented through heatmaps. Quality assessment of the studies was done using Newcastle Ottawa scale.

RESULTS

Fifty six studies were included in this systematic review. Majority of the studies were found to be of moderate quality. Knowledge regarding the tobacco cessation interventions was more theoretical than practical. All the studies showed a favorable attitude among dental professionals towards tobacco cessation intervention.

CONCLUSION

The included studies lack homogeneity in assessing knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions. The development and validation of a standardized questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions could be a potentially effective way to uniformly gather data on the subject.
Gazing or glancing? Mapping student engagement when film studies moves online
Authors: Kannas Alexia , Douglas James , Thompson James
Published: December 2022

This article presents the findings of a study undertaken by a team of three film studies teacher-researchers working with undergraduate students in a course titled ‘Histories of Film Theory’. In the context of the transition from face-to-face to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors observed that students’ approaches to understanding relevant film theories became increasingly inflected by their experiences of contrasting methods of course delivery, such as that between the cinema theatre or home viewing environment. To investigate this effect, the authors conducted a study of student experience across the 2020 and 2021 cohorts; the purpose was to understand how the shift to online learning shaped students’ engagement with set film texts, by analysing the behaviour exhibited when accessing film texts remotely. The study is grounded in the observation that there is an existing body of film theory on screen spectatorship that has potential significance to a scholarly understanding of the pedagogical complexity of online learning and multimodal literacies. This scholarship ranges from analyses of ‘traditional’ reception environments (Baudry 1974), to accounts of the differentiation in modes of attention introduced by new media (Ellis 1992, Cavell 1982), to analyses of the multiplying second screen practices of the digital era (Casetti 2011). A governing distinction highlighted in the results is between ‘gazing’, the mode of spectatorship associated with the traditional cinema experience, and ‘glancing’, the mode associated with home viewing and second screen use. Were the students in the course gazing or glancing, and how did this affect their encounters with films and characterize their remote learning experience more broadly? In asking these questions, the article demonstrates how the intellectual resources of film studies might be applied to contemporary digital pedagogy scholarship to reveal a complex scenario in which remote learning practices both hinder and enhance learning experiences, sometimes simultaneously.
Becoming apart: Drag and the practice of immanent resistance in postsocialist Belgrade
Authors: Filipović Andrija
Published: December 2022

This article considers forms of drag in Belgrade that are critical of contemporary Serbian society and analyzes ways in which drag both participates in, and critically relates to, the postsocialist transitional socioeconomic environment, especially the creative industries. Becoming a part of the creative industries (re)produces drag, as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender subjects as consumers, while the ‘becoming apart’ of drag offers possible sites of resistance to the dominant cultural, social and economic model. As some performances – by the Ephemeral Confessions collective, Dajana Ho and Dragoslavia – are critical of both current forms of capitalism and of cis-hetero-patriarchal regimes of gender and sexuality, as well as of the ethno-nationalist narrative that has shaped the region of former Yugoslavia, analysis of the Belgrade drag scene results in a conceptualization of a critical practice that is immanent to what is being critiqued – immanent resistance.
Analysis of super-harmonic resonance and periodic motion transition of fractional nonlinear vibration isolation system
Authors: Qu Minghe , Yang Qing , Wu Shaopei , Ding Wangcai , Li Jie , Li Guofang
Published: December 2022

The precision instruments and equipment are often utilized in low-frequency and micro-amplitude vibration systems, in which many vibration isolators of rubber materials are widely used. Ignoring the low-frequency amplitude will result in errors in the fatigue life design of the vibration isolators and predicting the dynamic response of each frequency band accurately becomes necessary. However, integer-order models cannot describe the frequency dependence of rubber materials, while the fractional-order models can describe it instead. On the other hand, the elastic restoring force is strongly nonlinear under large deformation, and the vibration of the nonlinear system contains multiple harmonic components. In order to solve those issues, the fractional nonlinear Nishimura model is used to characterize the constitutive relation of vibration isolators such as air springs, which are made of carbon black filled natural rubber. The high-order harmonic balance method is used to obtain the steady-state response of the vibration system, while the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is applied to simulate the dynamic response of the system in the low-frequency region, and the Lyapunov exponent is used to determine the stability of the system. Furthermore, the influence of parameters on the amplitude–frequency characteristics of different frequency bands is also studied, and a method to solve the optimal damping coefficient is proposed based on the primary resonance amplitude–frequency curves. The results show that there is a diversity of periodic motions in the process of adjacent super-harmonic resonance transition. Numerical simulations also demonstrate that multi-periodic motions coexist in the system. The motion transition law between the polymorphic coexistence region and its adjacent regions is summarized.
Matrilineal practices among muslims: An ethnographic study of the Minangkabau of West Sumatra
Authors: Sebastian Aleena
Published: December 2022

Matrilineal practices constitute an important aspect of the social organization among the Minangkabau Muslims of West Sumatra. Challenges were posed to the co-existence of customary practices and religious elements by specific regional and historic factors such as Dutch colonialism, the introduction of the money economy, Islamic reformism, legislative interventions, and other socio-economic transformations in colonial and post-colonial West Sumatra. These factors attempted to refashion kinship along new familial relations and was marked by the entry of Minangkabau women into the public sphere, engaging with the transformation in multifarious ways. What one could observe in their contemporary form of social organization is the mutual existence of change and continuity of practices. These practices need to be understood as historically specific negotiations among customs, religion and the state, and are ethnographically explored in the paper.
“It Felt Like Waking up From Zombie Nation”: Introducing Early-Years Practitioners in Higher Education to Issues of Social Justice for Transformative Learning
Authors: Colgan Anna L.
Published: December 2022

21st century early years practitioners are expected to become agents of change by challenging societal inequalities and embracing anti-oppressive approaches. Yet, research suggests that many practitioners hold negative attitudes about children and families who are ethnically, culturally, linguistically and economically different from those in the mainstream and appear oblivious to how their own practice may contribute to the educational inequalities experienced by these children. This article draws on research carried out with early-years practitioners completing a Foundation degree in early years and an Early Childhood Studies BA (Hons) Top-Up course in England, which examined the practitioners’ perspectives of a transformative pedagogy for social justice. Findings suggest the pedagogy inspired practitioners to work towards eradicating enduring societal inequalities. However, when the emotional impact of the transformation is overwhelming, transformative learning may not only inhibit action but also lead practitioners to a state of liminality that requires time to emerge from.
Kinetics of the front-arm technique in cricket fast bowling
Authors: Ferdinands RED , Deshpande Y
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of the front arm in cricket fast bowling. Eighteen male fast bowlers (mean age = 17.2 ± 1.6 years; mean height = 1.89 ± 0.05 m; mean mass = 85.0 ± 10.0 kg) were recruited from NSW grade club level and their bowling actions recorded by a Cortex 2.0 motion analysis system (200 Hz). The interaction between joint power and joint angular velocity data was observed simultaneously for the front shoulder and elbow joints. A joint actuation strategy (active or controlled) was assigned to shoulder flexion–extension, abduction–adduction, and elbow flexion–extension motion to understand whether the joint kinematics followed the time-history of the joint torque. The results only partially agreed with the commonly prescribed coaching maxim of “pulling down” the front arm for faster ball speeds. Active extension and adduction of the front shoulder joint were observed during the delivery phase of the action, whereas the acceleration phase was marked by periods of controlled shoulder extension and active shoulder flexion. At the elbow joint, active elbow flexion was observed at a time when it may reduce the moment of inertia about the thoracic and lumbar spine rotation axes. Overall, combinations of active and controlled joint powers were observed for the front shoulder and elbow joints, implying that this sample of bowlers did not adhere to the traditional notion of “pulling down” the front arm as fast as possible.
Exploring coaching leadership behaviors among top-division university badminton teams in Taiwan: A “Five Cardinal Relationships” (Wulun) perspective
Authors: Huang I-Chen , Lee Ping-Chao , Nien Chiao-Lin , Lin Chien-Yu
Published: December 2022

This study examines coaching leadership behaviors among top-division university badminton teams in Taiwan. Our analytical framework is based on the concepts of Confucianism and its values regarding the behaviors proposed by Mencius that comprise the “Five Cardinal Relationships” (Wulun). As Confucianism is the basis for the Chinese order, Wulun is a unique cultural phenomenon in Chinese society that dominates role norms and duties. A total of 10 relationships based on the relationships associated with Wulun shape the relationship networks of Chinese individuals and thus the behaviors of individual Chinese people. Methodologically, 10 interviews were conducted with two coaches, two player coaching assistants and six players from two first-division university badminton teams in Taiwan. Paternal leadership is a style of leadership associated with authority, discipline, fatherly benevolence and strong morals. First, our results indicate that on Taiwanese sports teams, the leadership behavior of a coach must meet the expectations associated with Wulun relationships. If there is a threat to the image required to play this role, authoritarian leadership becomes the most commonly used style. Second, when a coach consciously demonstrates benevolent and virtuous leadership, relationships have the potential to evolve into friendships. Third, when a coach delegates power to an assistant, the assistant's leadership style becomes rather similar to that of the head coach, thereby maintaining harmony in relationships.
Multiparametric ultrasound of prostate: role in prostate cancer diagnosis
Authors: Kaneko Masatomo , Lenon Maria Sarah L. , Storino Ramacciotti Lorenzo , Medina Luis G. , Sayegh Aref S. , La Riva Anibal , Perez Laura C. , Ghoreifi Alireza , Lizana Maria , Jadvar Donya S. , Lebastchi Amir H. , Cacciamani Giovanni E. , Abreu Andre Luis
Published: December 2022

Recent advances in ultrasonography (US) technology established modalities, such as Doppler-US, HistoScanning, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), elastography, and micro-ultrasound. The early results of these US modalities have been promising, although there are limitations including the need for specialized equipment, inconsistent results, lack of standardizations, and external validation. In this review, we identified studies evaluating multiparametric ultrasonography (mpUS), the combination of multiple US modalities, for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. In the past 5 years, a growing number of studies have shown that use of mpUS resulted in high PCa and clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) detection performance using radical prostatectomy histology as the reference standard. Recent studies have demonstrated the role mpUS in improving detection of CSPCa and guidance for prostate biopsy and therapy. Furthermore, some aspects including lower costs, real-time imaging, applicability for some patients who have contraindication for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and availability in the office setting are clear advantages of mpUS. Interobserver agreement of mpUS was overall low; however, this limitation can be improved using standardized and objective evaluation systems such as the machine learning model. Whether mpUS outperforms MRI is unclear. Multicenter randomized controlled trials directly comparing mpUS and multiparametric MRI are warranted.
Consumption of arthropods by hummingbirds in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Partida-Lara Ruth , Enríquez Paula L , Ibarra Nuñez Guillermo , Chamé Vázquez Eduardo
Published: December 2022

An organism's morphological features can determine the type of prey they consume due to adaptive advantages in capturing them, for example, the shape and length of the bill in birds. Hummingbirds have been considered specialists in nectar consumption. However, they have been documented to also be important insectivores in ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated arthropod consumption by hummingbirds in relation to their bill and capture strategies. We theorized that hummingbirds with short-medium bills (9-11 bill length to body mass cube root ratio) capture a higher proportion of non-flying arthropods, as they have a lower linear speed of closure of the bill tip relative to the base, while species with long bills (13-14) capture mainly flying arthropods. The study was conducted in El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, southeastern Mexico from 2015 to 2016, where seven hummingbird species that captured arthropods, their strategies of capture, and the type of prey consumed were recorded. We also analyzed the stomach contents (n = 72 stomachs) collected in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas. We calculated the frequency of occurrence of arthropods and their diversity, as well as the breadth of the feeding niche and the bill-prey relationship of 15 hummingbird species. The Green-throated Mountain-gem ( Lampornis viridipallens) and Rivoli's Hummingbird ( Eugenes fulgens) presented the highest richness of arthropod consumption. Arthropod prey belonged to eight orders, where Hymenoptera and Diptera were the most frequent. The most recorded capture strategies were on the substrate in sustained flight (37.5%) and hovering in sustained flight (33.3%). A positive association was found between the type of arthropods consumed and the morphological traits of the hummingbirds, non-flying arthropods were captured by hummingbirds with short-medium bills, while hummingbirds with long bills captured flying arthropods. Morphological adaptations for food resource use are a trait that determines food selection, capture, and handling success.
Fracture in clinical studies of tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hansen Karen E. , Mortezavi Mahta , Nagy Edward , Wang Cunshan , Connell Carol A. , Radi Zaher , Litman Heather J. , Adami Giovanni , Rossini Maurizio
Published: December 2022

Background:

Preclinical data suggest that tofacitinib would protect bone health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Objective:

To assess fracture risk in tofacitinib RA clinical trials.

Design:

Post hoc analysis.

Methods:

We analyzed pooled data of phase I/II/III and long-term extension studies (‘ P123LTE cohort’), pooled data of placebo-controlled portions of phase III studies ( phase III placebo-controlled cohort), and data from ORAL Surveillance [phase IIIb/IV randomized, open-label trial evaluating tofacitinib 5/10 mg twice daily (BID) vs tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in patients ⩾ 50 years with ⩾ 1 additional cardiovascular risk factor].

Results:

In the phase III placebo-controlled cohort, incidence rates (IRs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of fracture were 2.11 (1.09–3.68), 2.56 (1.23–4.71), and 4.43 (1.78–9.12) per 100 patient-years (PYs) for tofacitinib 5 mg BID, tofacitinib 10 mg BID, and placebo, respectively [tofacitinib 5 mg BID vs placebo: hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) = 0.55(0.18–1.65); tofacitinib 10 mg BID vs placebo: HR (95% CI) = 0.72 (0.26–2.01)]. In P123LTE, IRs (95% CI) were 2.62 (2.29–2.99) and 2.26 (2.02–2.52) per 100 PY for average tofacitinib 5 and 10 mg BID, respectively. In ORAL Surveillance, IRs (95% CI) were 2.79 (2.34–3.30), 2.87 (2.40–3.40), and 2.27 (1.87–2.74) per 100 PY for tofacitinib 5 mg BID, tofacitinib 10 mg BID, and TNFi, respectively. In ORAL Surveillance, the risk of fracture was numerically higher than TNFi for tofacitinib 5 mg BID [HR (95% CI) = 1.23 (0.96–1.58)] and tofacitinib 10 mg BID [HR (95% CI) = 1.26 (0.97–1.62)]. In ORAL Surveillance, independent predictors of all and osteoporotic fractures with tofacitinib or TNFi included age ⩾ 65, female sex, history of fracture/osteoporosis, and baseline oral corticosteroid use.

Conclusion:

This post hoc analysis showed numerically lower fracture risk with tofacitinib versus placebo and numerically greater risk versus TNFi. We did not identify any tofacitinib-specific predictors of fractures, and predictors of fracture were generally aligned with prior literature in the general population and patients with RA. Patients with fracture risk factors should be adequately monitored and treated.

Clinical trial registration:

NCT00960440, NCT00847613, NCT00814307, NCT00856544, NCT00853385, NCT01039688, NCT02187055, NCT02831855, NCT00413699, NCT00147498, NCT00413660, NCT00550446, NCT00603512, NCT00687193, NCT00661661, NCT01164579, NCT00976599, NCT01059864, NCT01359150, NCT01262118, NCT01484561, NCT02281552, NCT02147587, NCT02092467
Changes in Performance on Common Return-to-Sport Tests During a Collegiate Women’s Soccer Season: Implications for Baseline Testing
Authors: Montgomery Melissa M. , Carranza Steve
Published: December 2022

Background:

Baseline testing of objective lower limb function may help clinicians make more informed return-to-sport (RTS) decisions in the event of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, as these tests are based on physical performance, it is possible that they improve during the season as athletes get stronger and fitter. Hence, it may be difficult to ascertain the patient’s preinjury status and have an accurate reference for comparison when determining readiness for RTS. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in common ACL RTS tests during a college soccer season to determine the most appropriate time to perform baseline testing.

Hypothesis:

Hop test performance will improve across the season.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory; prospective cohort.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

A total of 31 women’s soccer players from 1 NCAA Division I university agreed to participate this study. Participants performed 4 single-leg hop tests and the 505-agility test to measure cutting speed on 3 occasions: preseason (PRE), midseason (MID), and end-of-season (END). Performance on each test was compared across days to determine whether performance increased during the season. As a secondary analysis, limb symmetry index (LSI) was also compared across the season.

Results:

A total of 23 participants (age, 19.7 ± 1.3 years; height, 1.69 ± 0.07 m; weight 60.9 ± 7.2 kg) completed all 3 testing sessions during the season. Performance during PRE was better than MID and END for all hop tests (all P < 0.01). LSI did not change during the season ( P value range, 0.18-0.79).

Conclusion:

Performance on the hop tests was best during preseason and declined thereafter, which may be reflective of cumulative fatigue.

Clinical Relevance:

Baseline testing of RTS tests performed during preseason may provide an accurate representation of an athlete’s best abilities over the course of a collegiate soccer season. Preseason testing would also enable athletic trainers to acquire baseline data for all athletes before they are injured.
Microvessels derived from hiPSCs are a novel source for angiogenesis and tissue regeneration
Authors: Gao Xin , Ma Shixing , Xing Xiaotao , Yang Jian , Xu Xun , Liang Cheng , Yu Yejia , Liu Lei , Liao Li , Tian Weidong
Published: December 2022

The establishment of effective vascularization represents a key challenge in regenerative medicine. Adequate sources of vascular cells and intact vessel fragments have not yet been explored. We herein examined the potential application of microvessels induced from hiPSCs for rapid angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. Microvessels were generated from human pluripotent stem cells (iMVs) under a defined induction protocol and compared with human adipose tissue-derived microvessels (ad-MVs) to illustrate the similarity and differences of the alternative source. Then, the therapeutic effect of iMVs was detected by transplantation in vivo. The renal ischemia-reperfusion model and skin damage model were applied to explore the potential effect of vascular cells derived from iMVs (iMVs-VCs). Besides, the subcutaneous transplantation model and muscle injury model were established to explore the ability of iMVs for angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. The results revealed that iMVs had remarkable similarities to natural blood vessels in structure and cellular composition, and were potent for vascular formation and self-organization. The infusion of iMVs-VCs promoted tissue repair in the renal and skin damage model through direct contribution to the reconstruction of blood vessels and modulation of the immune microenvironment. Moreover, the transplantation of intact iMVs could form a massive perfused blood vessel and promote muscle regeneration at the early stage. The infusion of iMVs-VCs could facilitate the reconstruction and regeneration of blood vessels and modulation of the immune microenvironment to restore structures and functions of damaged tissues. Meanwhile, the intact iMVs could rapidly form perfused vessels and promote muscle regeneration. With the advantages of abundant sources and high angiogenesis potency, iMVs could be a candidate source for vascularization units for regenerative medicine.
Improving care for individuals with serious infections who inject drugs
Authors: Kershaw Colleen , Lurie Jon D , Brackett Charles , Loukas Elias , Smith Katie , Mullins Sarah , Gooley Christine , Borrows Melissa , Bardach Shoshana , Perry Amanda , Carpenter-Song Elizabeth , Landsman H. Samuel , Pierotti Danielle , Bergeron Ericka , McMahon Erin , Finn Christine
Published: December 2022

Background:

Hospitalizations for serious infections requiring long-term intravenous (IV) antimicrobials related to injection drug use have risen sharply over the last decade. At our rural tertiary care center, opportunities for treatment of underlying substance use disorders were often missed during these hospital admissions. Once medically stable, home IV antimicrobial therapy has not traditionally been offered to this patient population due to theoretical concerns about misuse of long-term IV catheters, leading to discharges with suboptimal treatment regimens, lengthy hospital stays, or care that is incongruent with patient goals and preferences.

Methods:

A multidisciplinary group of clinicians and patients set out to redesign and improve care for this patient population through a health care innovation process, with a focus on increasing the proportion of patients who may be discharged on home IV therapy. Baseline assessment of current experience was established through retrospective chart review and extensive stakeholder analysis. The innovation process was based in design thinking and facilitated by a health care delivery improvement incubator.

Results:

The components of the resulting intervention included early identification of hospitalized people who inject drugs with serious infections, a proactive psychiatry consultation service for addiction management for all patients, a multidisciplinary care conference to support decision making around treatment options for infection and substance use, and care coordination/navigation in the outpatient setting with a substance use peer recovery coach and infectious disease nurse for patients discharged on home IV antimicrobials. Patients discharged on home IV therapy followed routine outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) protocols and treatment protocols for addiction with their chosen provider.

Conclusion:

An intervention developed through a design-thinking-based health care redesign process improved patient-centered care for people with serious infections who inject drugs.