bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENGURANGI PERNIKAHAN DINI DAN DAMPAKNYA DI SMK ISLAMI AL FATTAH
Authors: Auliya Azmul
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian  ini adalah mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pernikahan dini antara lain adalah faktor peran orang tua dalam komunikasi keluarga, pendidikan orang tua, pendidikan responden dan pekerjaan responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pernikahan dini adalah faktor peran orang tua dalam komunikasi keluarga, pendidikan orang tua dan pendidikan responden. Faktor yang paling dominan terhadap pernikahan dini dalam penelitian ini adalah peran orang tua dalam komunikasi keluarga. Oleh karena itu diharapkan masyarakat khususnya orang tua (keluarga) dapat meningkatkan dukungan dan kepedulian terhadap generasi muda agar menjadi lebih baik di masa yang akan datang.

Kesimpulan hasil penelitian yaitu: (1) faktor faktor penyebab Pernikahan Dini Pada usia Pelajar adalah dari lingkungan sekolah dan tempat tinggal (2) yang berperan penting dalam usaha Mengurangi Pernikahan dini pada usia pelajar adalah Kepala Sekolah, Guru BK, Guru mata pelajaran, Wali Kelas dan orang tua siswa (3) Dampak yang terjadi setelah pernikahan dini yaitu terjadi perceraian dan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (4) mengadakan pendekatan kepada siswa untuk bisa memahami kondisi peserta didik yang tidak siap dalam membina rumah tangga. Berdasarkan simpulan hasil penelitian ini direkomendasikan bahwa: Hendaknya guru Bimbingan dan Konseling lebih memaksimalkan bimbingan konseling di sekolah agar bisa membantu mengurangi pernikahan dini.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 AWANG LAPAI
Authors: Erliyanti Sri
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana interaksi siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Awang Lapai. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitataif dengan jenis deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian terdiri dari guru wali kelas, guru BK, dan siswa kelas XI. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi dan catatan lapangan. Teknik analisis  data meliputi pengumpulan data, penyederhanaan data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada dua tipe proses interaksi yang terjadi pada siswa di Kelas XI yaitu siswa yang aktif dalam berinteraksi dan siswa yang pasif. Akibat proses interaksi tersebut diketahui belum ada masalah serius yang ditimbulkan, namum diketahui terdapat masalah dalam penerimaan kepada siswa yang pasif di kelas. Saran terhadap masalah  ini adalah, guru wali kelas agar rutin melakukan kegiatan kelompok diluar pembelajaran, dan guru BK agar memberikan layanan individu kepada siswa yang pasif.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP PERAN GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI SEKOLAH SMA NEGERI 2 PAJU EPAT
Authors: Salistrama Salistrama
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap peran guru BK di Sekolah SMA Negeri 2 Paju Epat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. populasi penelitian seluruh siswa kelas X dan menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai angket dengan skala Likert sedangkan analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan indikator cara berpikir siswa mengenai peran guru BK di sekolah 48% untuk butir pernyataan “mengetahui peran Guru BK”. Indikator apa yang dirasakan siswa 48% untuk butir pernyataan tidak mengetahui peran Guru BK di Sekolah. Indikator pengalaman siswa baik dengan persentase 64% untuk butir pernyataan Guru BK selalu melaksanakan layanan. Persepsi siswa mengenai peran guru BK dalam keseluruhan indikator adalah baik dengan siswa memilih mengetahui yakni sebanyak 37,17%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pesepsi siswa tentang peran guru BK di Sekolah sangat di butuhkan
Examination of a middle School mathematics preservice teacher’s interpretation skills
Authors: ERSARI Ebru
Published: August 2021

This study aims to explore one preservice teacher’s interpretation of students’ mathematical thinking using pattern recognition and linear function tasks. Specifically, the research question for this study was as follows: How does a preservice middle grade mathematics teacher interpret students’ mathematical thinking using tasks designed to test students’ pattern recognition and linear function abilities? The preservice teacher, Amy, was a middle school preservice teacher from the Mathematics and Science Education Department of a major land-grant university in the southeastern Unites States. The data consists of Amy’s responses during a face-to-face, semi-structured interview, written work she produced during the interview, and a careful analysis of a transcript of the interview. With regards to interpreting important mathematical ideas in students’ work in the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM] videos, this study found that the preservice teacher provided explanations of specific important mathematical ideas and their meaning. When the preservice teacher interpreted students’ mistakes or misconceptions, she explained the misconceptions mathematically rather than providing specific examples from the video. In terms of interpreting the similarities between students’ reasoning, the preservice teacher’s description of the similarities between students’ reasoning was broad. Depending on the task and how many times she watched the videos, either one or two times, the extent to which she provided evidence varied when she interpreted the differences between students’ reasoning. This study revealed that the strength of the preservice teacher’s interpretation strategies varied depending on the tasks. The preservice teacher did not provide detailed explanations of students’ reasonings when watching NCTM videos even though she solved all the tasks in multiple ways and explained the key concepts while solving the problems.
Pengukuran Kualitas Layanan Perpustakaan: Studi Pada Perpustakaan STIE Ekuitas Bandung
Authors: Rohman Asep Saeful
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the extent of the quality of library services STIE Ekuitas Bandung. Service quality is seen based on the comparison between the services received by users and their expectations of library services. The scope of the research is on aspects of the attitude of officers (librarians) in serving (Affect of Service), access to information (Information Control), and the library as a place. The method used is a survey with a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, observations, and literature studies. The population of this research is the library members totaling 1594 students. By using non-probability sampling techniques and Yamane sample calculation formula obtained a number of 99 respondents. Data analysis uses the LibQual™ Model by measuring the gaps of services received and services expected by users. Based on the results of the study note that the average service quality is at the tolerance limit. This means that the STIE Ekuitas Bandung Library service received by users is considered quite good by users, which is above the minimum expected number. Another finding is that the library is still not maximal in providing superior services, namely services that are in accordance with the maximum expectations desired by the user.
KOMPETENSI LITERASI INFORMASI PUSTAKAWAN DI ERA INFODEMIK
Authors: Fatmawati Endang
Published: August 2021

The purpose of writing is to bring up creative librarian ideas and provide problem-solving strategies related to the circulation of hoax in the infodemic era. The discussion uses the literature review method related to infodemics, information literacy competencies, and librarian strategies in the social media era. High rapid social media and internet access users are not accompanied by literacy competencies. One of the efforts to build a knowledge ecosystem is through increasing information literacy competencies. In the context of libraries, social media influences the relationships and social interactions carried out by librarians. The wave of information that is not necessarily accurate is increasingly being spread through social media. Library information sources can be disseminated through social media applications with various platforms. His practice in the library is building scientific communication, knowledge management, promotion, marketing, and publication. Due to the rapid dissemination of information, librarians are expected to have the sensitivity and expertise in packaging information, disseminating it through social media, cleverly sorting and choosing, and wisely using it. The problem-solving strategy that exists in the era of social media for librarians to be able to surf the internet is healthy information literacy competence.Keyword: information literacy, librarian competence, hoax, infodemic, social mediaABSTRAKTujuan penulisan untuk memunculkan gagasan kreatif pustakawan dan memberikan strategi pemecahan masalah terkait dengan beredarnya informasi hoaks di era infodemik. Metode kajian menggunakan metode kajian pustaka terkait dengan infodemik dalam era media sosial, kompetensi literasi informasi, serta strategi pustakawan di era media sosial. Tingginya akses internet dan pesatnya pengguna aktif media sosial tidak dibarengi dengan kompetensi literasi. Padahal salah satu upaya membangun ekosistem pengetahuan adalah melalui peningkatan kompetensi literasi informasi. Dalam konteks perpustakaan, media sosial berpengaruh pada relasi dan cara berinteraksi sosial yang dilakukan oleh pustakawan. Gelombang informasi yang belum tentu akurat semakin terasa masif penyebarannya melalui media sosial. Sumber informasi perpustakaan dapat didesiminasikan melalui aplikasi media sosial dengan berbagai platform. Praktiknya di perpustakaan adalah membangun komunikasi ilmiah, pengelolaan pengetahuan, promosi, pemasaran, serta publikasi. Oleh karena penyebaran informasi demikian pesat, maka pustakawan diharapkan memiliki kepekaan dan kepiawaian dalam mengemas informasi, menyebarkan melalui media sosial, cerdas memilah dan memilih, maupun bijak dalam menggunakannya. Strategi pemecahan masalah yang ada di era media sosial bagi pustakawan agar dapat berinternet sehat adalah memiliki kompetensi literasi informasi.
Contributions to the terrestrial Parasitengona Fauna (Acari: Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) of Diyarbakır and Mardin (Turkey)
Authors: MARAL Hasan
Published: August 2021

Larval forms of some species belonging to the terrestrial Parasitengona (Acari: Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) group, which are common in the world, are the ectoparasites on some species causing economic damage. This study was carried out in 2020 to identify ectoparasitic larval mites and their hosts in Diyarbakır and Mardin provinces located the Southeastern Anatolia Region. As a result of the study, Grandjeanella bella Zhang, 1996 and Leptus sp. belonging to Erythraeidae family; Trichotrombidium muscarum (Riley, 1878) belonging to Microtrombidiidae family were determined. All two species and one genus determined in this study are the first records for Southeastern Anatolia Region acari fauna.
Determination of the optimum operating parameters of an axial fan used on the conventional air blast orchard sprayer
Authors: İTMEÇ Medet , BAYAT Ali
Published: August 2021

The pesticide droplets are carried to the tree canopy with the assist of the air flow which is generated by an axial fan of orchard sprayer. The designers manufacture the fan of orchard sprayer with ability of 6 different working conditions under constant PTO speed. Previous studies were related to evaluating the effectiveness of sprayers. In this study, 6 different options that presented to farmers was evaluated with view of energy consumption and air flow. A Conventional orchard sprayer having an axial fan with 36” diameter was operated at two fan revolutions (1890 and 2430 rpm) and at three blade angles (15º, 30º, 45º), and measured air capacity, the fuel consumption, variations of air velocities in air jet profile of the fan and calculated power consumption for each operating parameters potentially to be chosen by farmers. As a result, for each blade angle, if the fan speed increase, the air jet of the fan become more uniform than before. The maximum fan efficiency and system efficiency were %73,25 and %59,98 respectively which were obtained 30o blade angle and 2430 rpm fan rotation speed condition. The minimum fuel consumption and torque need was obtained under conditions of 15o blade angle and 1890 rpm fan rotation speed. However, considering maximum air capacity and the best air velocity uniformity in the profile of fan jet was established at, 45o blade angle and 2430 rpm fan rotation speed operating parameters.
El rol de la cerámica en la expansión guaraní: ¿Cómo se relacionan la cultura material, los nuevos espacios y las personas?
Authors: Torino Rocío
Published: August 2021

Los guaraní han sido objeto de estudio de diversos/as investigadores/as de Sudamérica. Su interés ha estado centrado, principalmente, en su dispersión desde la floresta amazónica hasta alcanzar el Río de la Plata. Pero también, en la homogeneidad- tanto morfológica como en los tratamientos de superficie y decoración- que presenta la tecnología cerámica a lo largo del tiempo y el espacio. A partir del análisis de vasijas guaraní depositadas en el Museo de La Plata y en el Museo Etnográfico “J. B. Ambrosetti” de Buenos Aires, este artículo se propone repensar la expansión de estas poblaciones a través de la cultura material. En este sentido, se plantea que, al momento de transitar y habitar otros -y nuevos- espacios los grupos guaraní portaron consigo sus propios modos de entender el mundo y ontologías que lo ordenan. La cerámica no estuvo exenta, debido a que fue participe de una red de relaciones entre lo humano y lo no humano. Por lo que, esta y el proceso de expansión guaraní, no pueden ser pensadas por separado, si no como parte de un mundo de relaciones y memorias donde la cerámica interactuó, influyó y determinó estas relaciones que se remontan a una historia larga duración.
Las relaciones humanos/animales en las sociedades prehispánicas del Paraná Medio e Inferior: un giro ontológico
Authors: Bastourre María Laura
Published: August 2021

Se retoman los aportes que la antropología amazónica ha realizado a las arqueologías preocupadas en los problemas ontológicos. El objetivo es abordar, a la luz de estas ideas, las relaciones humanos/animales en las sociedades prehispánicas del Paraná Medio e Inferior. La información arqueológica disponible sobre los modelados zoomorfos Goya-Malabrigo sugiere que los filtros ontológicos que operaron en el pasado fueron cercanos a un régimen animista o perspectivista. Sin embargo, se propone que un giro ontológico más crítico debería superar las interpretaciones representacionalistas de estos entidades (i.e. que “visión de mundo” expresan) para centrarse en sus capacidades de afectación. Esto llevó a poner el foco en los conceptos de transformación y especificación de los cuerpos y a explorar otras aristas y materiales involucrados en las relaciones humanos/animales en estas sociedades. Se propone que tanto los aspectos considerados tradicionalmente como “materiales” (por ej. subsistencia) como los que suelen asociarse al “mundo simbólico” (por ej. representación de animales) constituyen todos ellos entramados de acciones y relaciones que involucran múltiples agencias, no solo humanas. Es a partir de este tejido relacional que emergen objetos y sujetos, materiales y significados, animales y humanos, sin que puedan establecerse a priori distinciones ontológicas entre ellos.
Agroecologías pampeanas. Eco-lógicas instituyentes de producción local de alimentos.
Authors: Cravero Romina
Published: August 2021

En este artículo exploramos la pregunta antropológica sobre el “cómo” se produce agroecología, que nos habilitará un desplazamiento desde la indagación por la agroecología, en singular y como un marco normativo, hacia las prácticas agroecológicas, en plural y ancladas en el hacer cotidiano de las personas. Pondremos en primer plano las experiencias de nuestros/as interlocutores para caracterizar las formas de crear y reproducir vida y trabajo rural en cuatro establecimientos de la región pampeana de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, intentando tanto marcar la variabilidad entre estos, así como extraer algunas premisas que constituyen a la lógica que organiza y estructura sus prácticas de producción. Identificamos que operan una agro-eco-lógica que pone en el centro las relaciones entre especies y entidades en la actividad primaria y permite poner en evidencia una co-producción de alimentos. Aquel entramado de relaciones es condición de posibilidad para que puedan resistir y existir, para crear formas de vivir y trabajar en los márgenes de la hegemonía del agronegocio. Finalmente, reflexionaremos sobre las relaciones que se establecen entre agroecología y agronegocio.
Arqueología, Tiempo y “Vaca Muerta”
Authors: Weissel Axel
Published: August 2021

En este trabajo nos proponemos reflexionar sobre las intervenciones antrópicas que se pueden observar en un área determinada de la cuenca hidrocarburífera de la Provincia de Neuquén (Argentina). Los objetos y espacios en las diversas condiciones materiales y temporales de depositación, construcción o emplazamiento se confrontan como fabricaciones humanas que además de representar una relación con los eventos ya sucedidos (y por ende con una materialidad antrópica previa) están atravesados y condicionados por concepciones ontológicas del tiempo que implican, por sí mismas, futuras y pasadas proyecciones materiales.
Empleando herramientas teóricas-metodológicas de la Filosofía y de la Arqueología nos concentraremos en analizar las particularidades y características de la materialidad industrial tan presente en el territorio neuquino. Consideramos que la problematización arqueológica de los espacios y formas materiales que adopta la industria hidrocarburífera, en sus diversas expresiones, puede enriquecer –en un territorio atravesado por el petróleo, lo colonial y lo mapuche- la mirada crítica sobre el tiempo y la materialidad antrópica fundante de la Modernidad.
Analisis Sistem Informasi Berbasis Website Pada Perusahaan Ekspedisi POS Indonesia, J&T Ekspress, dan JNE
Authors: Fitriyah Fitriyah -
Published: August 2021

Teknologi Informasi berperan sebagai sarana transaksi dua elemen bisnis online, yaitu dalam memberikan fasilitas media berupa internet. Website yang disediakan sebagai tempat konsumen memilih barang-barang yang inginkan, kemudian pada transaksi ini pun dibutuhkan teknologi lain untuk mendukung bisnis online tersebut, yaitu media komunikasi, media pembayaran konsumen dengan produsen, dan jasa ekspedisi dalam pengiriman barang seperti Pos  Indonesia, J&T Ekspress dan Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir (JNE). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan eksplorasi terhadap ketiga situs web penyedia jasa layasan ekspedisi. Hasil penelitian bisa digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengembangkan sistem informasi yang lebih baik.
Differential expression of junctophilin 2 in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published and public microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding junctophilin 2, JPH2, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. JPH2 expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. JPH2 expression correlated with progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of JPH2 is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. JPH2 may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Fraction Ball: Playful and Physically Active Fraction and Decimal Learning
Authors: Bustamante Andres Sebastian , Begolli Kreshnik , Alvarez-Vargas Daniela , Bailey Drew H , Richland Lindsey
Published: August 2021

This study tested a novel approach to capitalizing on the benefits of play for informal math learning. Two experiments evaluated a platform called “Fraction Ball”, that provides an embodied, playful, and physically active learning experience by modifying the lines on a basketball court to support rational number learning. In the Pilot Experiment, 69 5th-6th graders were randomly assigned to play a set of 4 different Fraction Ball games or attend normal physical education (PE) class and completed rational number pretests and posttests. After strategic improvements to expand the intervention, the same protocol was implemented in the Efficacy Experiment with 160 4th-6th graders. Playing Fraction Ball for 4 PE class periods (Pilot Experiment) improved students’ ability to convert fractions to decimals. Playing a revised version of 6 different Fraction Ball games for 6 PE class periods (Efficacy Experiment) significantly improved children’s rational number understanding as reflected by higher scores in overall accuracy, with positive impacts on several subtests. Fraction Ball represents a low-cost, highly scalable intervention that promotes math learning in a fun and engaging approach.
Productivity Curve and Social Network Analysis in Science Megaproject Management
Authors: Bentley Phillip M
Published: August 2021

Megaprojects aimed at delivering next-generation, multi-billion euro scientific research facilities are complex and high-risk endeavours, requiring expert knowledge spanning a wide spectrum of technical and administrative fields. Such organisations tend to evolve organically, responding to technical and political challenges. They are almost certain to fail to meet expectations on schedule, budget, and deliverables. Whilst there have been illuminating “top-down” phenomenological megaproject studies recently, this article reports a “bottom-up” perspective on the emergence of these issues. Firstly, the staff productivity distribution curves are analysed at a European science megaproject, and a stratified culture is identified with a small, high productivity “clique”, and a vast, low-productivity group of “outsiders” operating at only 50% of their potential. The social network is then analysed, revealing a dense decision-making group that is only tenuously connected to technical expert teams via hierarchy. Staff inefficiency is linked to superfluous roles in middle management, carrying increased bureaucratic burdens and a financial loss ∼10% of the annual salary budget. Corrective suggestions are given, for the current megaproject and future activities to mitigate these causes. This should help to reduce some of the overspend, schedule overrun, and reductions in ambition and scope that have become megaproject norms.
The Notion of Ubuntu and its Implications for Sustainable Cities in Africa. The Case of Kinshasa
Authors: Moleka Pitshou Basikabio
Published: August 2021

Ubuntu as an African philosophy and culture is very important for the transformation of many cities. In this paper, I will show how the notion of Ubuntu can lead to sustainability in African cities especially in Kinshasa, characterized by poverty, marginality, exclusion, and the degradation of the environment.I will begin with an introduction to give an essay of the comprehension of the notion of Ubuntu and sustain cities. My second point will be the explanation of the methodology used in this paper, the third point will be a brief diagnosis of Kinshasa city, the next point underlines how Ubuntu has many implications in the transformation of Kinshasa, and the fifth point will be the conclusion.
Investigating change across time in prevalence or association: the challenges of cross-study comparative research and possible solutions
Authors: Bann David , Wright Liam , Goisis Alice , Hardy Rebecca , Johnson Will , Maddock Jane , McElroy Eoin , Moulton Vanessa , Patalay Praveetha , Scholes Shaun , Silverwood Richard J. , Ploubidis George , O'Neill Dara
Published: August 2021

Cross-study research initiatives to understand change across time are an increasingly prominent component of social and health sciences, yet they present considerable practical, analytical and conceptual challenges. First, we discuss the key challenges to comparative research as a basis for detecting societal change, as well as possible solutions. We focus on studies which investigate changes across time in outcome occurrence or the magnitude and/or direction of associations. We discuss the use and importance of such research, study inclusion, sources of bias and mitigation, and interpretation. Second, we propose a structured framework (a checklist) that is intended to provide guidance for future authors and reviewers. Third, we outline a new open-access teaching resource that offers detailed instruction and reusable analytical syntax to guide newcomers on techniques for conducting comparative analysis and data visualisation (in both R and Stata formats).
Differential expression of diacylglycerol kinase beta in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published and public microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding diacylglycerol kinase beta, DGKB, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. DGKB expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. DGKB expression correlated with progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of DGKB is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. DGKB may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Sibling constructs: What are they, why do they matter, and how should you handle them?
Authors: Lawson Katherine M. , Robins Richard
Published: August 2021

Researchers often deal with constructs that are conceptually and/or empirically related, but distinct (i.e., “sibling constructs”). In social-personality psychology, as well as psychology more generally, there is little guidance for how to deal with sibling constructs, which can result in researchers ignoring or mishandling them. In this paper, we start by situating sibling constructs in the literature on the jingle-jangle fallacies. Then, we outline 10 conceptual and empirical criteria for determining the degree to which, and in what ways, constructs may share a sibling relationship, using self-esteem and grandiose narcissism as a running example. Finally, we discuss strategies for handling sibling constructs in a systematic and transparent way. We hope that the procedures described here will help social-personality psychologists identify sibling constructs, understand when and why they pose problems for their research, and adopt strategies that ameliorate their adverse effects.
Social relationship strength modulates the similarity of brain-to-brain representations of group members
Authors: Guthrie Taylor Dixon , Benadjaoud Youri Y. , Chavez Robert
Published: August 2021

Within our societies, humans form cooperative groups with diverse levels of relationship quality among individual group members. In establishing relationships with others, we use attitudes and beliefs about group members and the group as a whole to establish relationships with particular members of our social networks. However, we have yet to understand how brain responses to group members facilitate relationship quality between pairs of individuals. We address this here using a round-robin interpersonal perception paradigm in which each participant was both a perceiver and target for every other member of their group, in a set of 20 unique groups of between 5 and 6 members in each (total N = 111). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that measures of social relationship strength modulate the brain-to-brain multivoxel similarity patterns between pairs of participants’ responses when perceiving other members of their group in regions of the brain implicated in social cognition. These results provide evidence for a brain mechanism of social cognitive processes serving interpersonal relationship strength among group members.
The impact of pain on subsequent effort and cognitive performance
Authors: Silvestrini Nicolas , Corradi-Dell'Acqua Corrado
Published: August 2021

Theoretical accounts of pain and empirical evidence indicate that pain and cognitive control share common neurocognitive processes. Numerous studies have examined the interactions between pain and cognitive performance when they occur simultaneously, typically showing analgesic effects of task performance and impaired performance due to pain. However, the sequential impact of pain on cognitive control and effort remains less clear. This study investigated the influence of a first task including painful vs. non-painful thermal stimuli on effort-related cardiac response and performance in a subsequent moderately difficult cognitive task. Drawing on the hypothesis that experiencing pain should recruit cognitive resources (such as attention and working memory) and reduce perceived ability, we predicted lower task performance and/or stronger compensatory effort in the subsequent cognitive task after the painful than after the non-painful first task. Results support our predictions regarding the effect of pain on subsequent cognitive performance, which was moderately lower after the painful task. However, such a decrease in task proficiency was not associated with a comparable decrease in perceived capacity or increase in effort-related cardiac reactivity. Nevertheless, further correlational analyses indicated that effort and perceived capacity were significantly related to pain ratings. Moderate pain was associated with stronger effort during the cognitive task whereas high pain led to disengagement, i.e., a low effort. Moreover, in line with our predictions, higher pain ratings were associated with lower self-reported capacity to perform the cognitive task. We discuss these findings regarding the relationship between effort and performance; the impact of fatigue on motivation; and interindividual variability in these after-effects
Therapy of depression by the method of behavioral activation
Authors: Inasaridze Ketevan
Published: August 2021

The dramatic consequences of several new waves of COVID-19 infection have had a devastating effect on people's personal lives and the economic situation of the country, which has led to the formation of depressive moods in people of different ages. Behavioral activation is one of the most effective methods to reduce and prevent depression, which is discussed in detail in this article.
The Embodied Crossmodal Self Forms Language and Interaction: A Computational Cognitive Review
Authors: Röder Frank , Özdemir Ozan , Nguyen Phuong D. H. , Wermter Stefan , Eppe Manfred
Published: August 2021

Human language is inherently embodied and grounded in sensorimotor representations of the self and the world around it. This suggests that the body schema and ideomotor action-effect associations play an important role in language understanding, language generation, and verbal/physical interaction with others. There are computational models that focus purely on non-verbal interaction between humans and robots, and there are computational models for dialog systems that focus only on verbal interaction. However, there is a lack of research that integrates these approaches. We hypothesize that the development of computational models of the self is very appropriate for considering joint verbal and physical interaction. Therefore, they provide the substantial potential to foster the psychological and cognitive understanding of language grounding, and they have significant potential to improve human-robot interaction methods and applications. This review is a first step toward developing models of the self that integrate verbal and non-verbal communication. To this end, we first analyze the relevant findings and mechanisms for language grounding in the psychological and cognitive literature on ideomotor theory. Second, we identify the existing computational methods that implement physical decision-making and verbal interaction. As a result, we outline how the current computational methods can be used to create advanced computational interaction models that integrate language grounding with body schemas and self-representations.
Of Essence and Obsolescence: Priming Artificial Intelligence Changes Perceptions of Human Nature
Authors: Santoro Erik , Monin Benoît
Published: August 2021

Will people redefine what they see as essential to the human experience as the human species loses ground to Artificial Intelligence (AI) on such attributes as logic and language? Four studies using U.S. samples (N = 2,101) test this possibility. Study 1 supports a two-part classification of human attributes that we then use in subsequent studies. Studies 2a-2c demonstrate that, compared to reading a control prime about trees, reading a treatment prime about AI progress leads participants to view those attributes not shared with AI (e.g., humor and having desires) as more essential to being human. We found no evidence that this exposure leads to devaluation of those attributes shared with AI (e.g., logic and language). This research suggests that as AI becomes ubiquitous and increasingly capable, conceptions of human nature may shift in reaction to value what makes humans unique.
Assessing prospective and retrospective metacognitive accuracy following traumatic brain injury remotely across cognitive domains
Authors: Bourke Niall , Tender William R. , Hampshire Adam , Lai Helen , Demarchi Célia , David Michael , Hellyer Peter , Sharp David , Friedland Daniel
Published: August 2021

The ability to monitor one's behaviour is frequently impaired following TBI, impacting on patients' rehabilitation. Inaccuracies in judgement or self-reflection of one’s performance provides a useful marker of metacognition. However, metacognition is rarely measured during routine neuropsychology assessments and how it varies across cognitive domains is unclear. A cohort of participants consisting of 142 TBI patients [mean age = 45.44(15.12), female = 33] and 99 controls [mean age = 33.69(13.88), female = 56] were studied. Participants completed cognitive assessments via a bespoke digital platform on their smartphones. Included in the assessment were a prospective evaluation of memory and attention, and retrospective confidence judgements of task performance. Metacognitive accuracy was calculated from the difference between confidence judgement of task performance and actual performance. Prospective judgment of attention and memory is correlated with task performance in these domains for controls but not patients. TBI patients had lower task performance in processing speed, executive functioning and working memory compared to controls, maintaining high confidence, resulting in overestimation of cognitive performance compared to controls.Additional judgments of task performance complements neuropsychological assessments with little additional time-cost. These results have important theoretical and practical implications for evaluation of metacognitive impairment in TBI patients and neurorehabilitation.
Measuring Procedural Justice: A Case Study in Criminometrics
Authors: Graham Amanda , Cullen Francis T.
Published: August 2021

Current reform efforts have called for police to engage in the use of procedural justice to build trust between the police and community. However, research in this area has employed highly heterogeneous measures of procedural justice, a practice potentially inhibiting the systematic accumulation of knowledge. To address this issue, this study develops two measures of procedural justice (a 16-item and 10-item scale) by following standard psychometric principles, including a systematic review of previously used items, four iterative surveys to narrow the pool of items, classical test theory, and item response theory. Beyond developing scales to be used in policing research, the analysis serves as a case study in “criminometrics,” arguing that the measurement of core constructs in criminology generally should be based on psychometric principles.
Asset Mapping as a Research Tool for Community-Based Participatory Research in Social Work
Authors: Lightfoot Elizabeth , McCleary Jennifer Simmelink , Lum Terry
Published: August 2021

Participatory research approaches such as community-based participatory research (CBPR) have emerged as an innovative way of conducting social work research. As social work researchers increasingly incorporate participatory approaches, they adopt and adapt research methods and procedures to fit participatory models. One such procedure, asset mapping, provides an appropriate method for conducting research and is particularly well suited to both the CBPR approach and social work's strengths-based approach to social issues. Although asset mapping as a community practice technique is not new to social work, it has been seldom used as a research tool in social work research and is generally not introduced as a research method in social work courses or in social work research textbooks.
A Review of Geodetic Datums of Nepal and Transformation Parameters for WGS84 to Geodetic Datum of Nepal
Authors: Manandhar Niraj
Published: August 2021

In Nepal there exist different coordinate systems based on different geodetic datum. The existence of these datum and coordinate systems are poorly known. In this literature the geodetic datum that is in existence in one way or other are illustrated and discussed. The next common problem encountered by users is the availability of authentic precise transformation parameter between National geodetic datum and World Geodetic Datum 1984 (WGS84) ; global datum used by global positioning system (GPS). There can exist a considerable difference in the position between local and the global system and the difference could be of several hundred meters.  Based on the availability of data three sets of transformation parameters has been determined. The tests have been carried out to evaluate the accuracy of the transformation parameter in this region. The transformation parameter is recommended to transform the topographical data base of scale 1: 3500 and smaller. The accuracy of the transformation parameters are specified and can be used accordingly. This study will ultimately provide standardization and ease in transforming the coordinates from global datum (WGS84) to national geodetic datum of Nepal and vice versa.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics, Vol. 14, 2015, page:4-7
Geoid Determination and Gravity Works in Nepal
Authors: Manandhar Niraj , K.C. Shanker
Published: August 2021

Gravimetric geoid plays the important role in the process of local/regional geoidal undulation determination. This approach uses the residual gravity anomalies determined by the surface gravity measurement using the gravimeter together with best fit geopotential model, with the geoid undulations over the oceans determined from the method of satellite altimetry. Mass distribution, position and elevation are prominent factors affecting the surface gravity. These information in combination with geopotential model helps in satellite orbit determination, oil, mineral and gas exploration supporting in the national economy. The preliminary geoid thus computed using airborne gravity and other surface gravity observation and the accuracy of computed geoid was likely at the 10-20cm in the interior of Nepal but higher near the border due to lack of data in China and India. The geoid thus defined is significantly improved relative to EGM –08 geoid.
Dzieła. Tom 7. Inedita
Authors: Siemek Marek J.
Published: August 2021

The volume shows the diversity and richness of intellectual potential, which Marek J. Siemek used in his original idea of “social transcendence”. The idea can be compared with the transcendence of the discourse socially “placed” by Habermas and with the post-metaphysical rationality models from McCarthy to Brandom. It allows to answer such questions as: what reason and rationality is needed for the process of modern socialization to take place, and if it possible today for the “givers” and the “takers” to approve the rules of self-government having the same autonomy and within the same law which is expressed by the Kantian “transcendental unity of apperception”.
El valor arquitectónico de «La casa de Pilatos» en las Tradiciones peruanas de Ricardo Palma
Authors: Acosta Huamán Francesca Tudela
Published: August 2021

El presente ensayo abordará el resultado de las investigaciones realizadas sobre «La casa de Pilatos», texto que forma parte de las Tradiciones peruanas, obra representativa del Bibliotecario Mendigo Ricardo Palma. Nos interesa destacar, sobre todo, la relación descriptiva que esta casa presenta con la arquitectura propia del siglo XIX y, en este caso, con una construcción en específico, que actualmente se encuentra en pie y funciona como la sede del Tribunal Constitucional del Perú. El texto también analiza las consideraciones que se tomaron para que la Casa de Pilatos sea valorada como Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación desde enero de 1973.
¿Se construyó o demolió el futuro desde la época de Palma?
Authors: Gonzales del Valle Solis Angélica María
Published: August 2021

Este artículo analizará la tradición «¡Beba, padre, que le da la vida!...», texto en el que Ricardo Palma hace referencia al rol femenino en asuntos considerados masculinos, tal como solía ocurrir en el caso de la ingeniería civil. A pesar de que las plazas laborales en el sector construcción usualmente estaban cubiertas por hombres, ya que se consideraba que su desempeño era más eficaz, paulatinamente las citadas plazas han sido cubiertas por mujeres. Estas se han empoderado y en la actualidad ocupan cargos de alta jerarquía y responsabilidad dirigiendo tanto obras de construcción como sus propias empresas constructoras de forma óptima.
El abismo social en las Tradiciones peruanas de Ricardo Palma
Authors: Huamán Córdova Nataly Briyit
Published: August 2021

Siguiendo el espíritu de reflexión del patriarca de las letras peruanas, esta ponencia busca analizar la desigualdad social en las Tradiciones peruanas, a través de la interpretación de las frases y pensamientos que Ricardo Palma inserta en sus escritos. Se busca, además, contextualizar dicho tema con la realidad social de nuestros tiempos, para entender así lo histórico de nuestra problemática y a partir de ello escribir un nuevo camino de libertad y justicia social.
La historia peruana en los inicios del virreinato y su desarrollo en la literatura, en las Tradiciones peruanas de Ricardo Palma
Authors: Morales Salinas Luigi Armando
Published: August 2021

Este artículo analizará las tradiciones «La muerte del factor», «El peje chico» y «Las orejas del alcalde», resaltando el carácter histórico de las Tradiciones, su importancia para la historia del Perú y señalando la forma en que Ricardo Palma combina la literatura con la historia, estableciendo una comparación con el estilo de otros escritores peruanos como el cronista Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala en su crónica Nueva corónica y buen gobierno y César Vallejo con su obra Hacia el reino de los Sciris.
Changes in psychophysiological indicators of students due to implementation of individual and motivational levels of the swimming training system
Authors: Hlukhov Ivan
Published: August 2021

The reliability of the scientific research results is largely determined by the level of adequacy of selection and the complexity of the application of methods and means that provide pedagogical influences on the students‟ body. Purpose: to establish changes in the psychophysiological indicators of higher educational institution students (boys and girls) based on the results of the implementation of training programs at different individual and motivational levels of the swimming training system. Material and methods. To the study involved students (boys and girls) aged 18-20 years old, who studied at Kherson State University during 2020-2021 academic year. The contingent of students was: 1EG, n = 28 boys and 23 girls; 2EG, n = 25 boys and 26 girls; 3EG, n = 21 boys and 23 girls; 4EG, n = 23 boys and 21 girls; CG, n = 32 boys and 29 girls. Results. During the implementation of classes program of different methodological content at different individual and motivational levels of swimming training system of higher educational institution students (boys and girls) in all groups without exception recorded statistically significant internal changes in psychophysiological indicators, mostly in percentage values and statistical probability (boys and girls) of the control group. Conclusions. Improving the strength of nervous processes in the structure of psychophysiological readiness of student youth indicates the promotion of domestic and professional activities. This also indicates a fact that the implementation of training programs at different individual and motivational levels of swimming training system has a positive effect on psychophysiological qualities, reactions, variants of complex visual and motor reaction and tapping test indirectly indicates the acquisition of abilities to general performance.
Türkçe Kamu Yönetimi Terminolojisinde Kronik Bir Sorun: İdare / Yönetim Ayrımının Eksikliği
Authors: ÇOLAK Çağrı
Published: August 2021

Birbiriyle yakın anlamlı olmakla birlikte aralarında birtakım küçük farklar bulunan kavramların aynı sözcükle ifade edilmeleri terminolojik açıdan önemli sorunlara yol açabilmektedir. Türkçe kamu yönetimi terminolojisinde bunun en belirgin örneklerinden birini “yönetim” sözcüğünün kullanımı oluşturmaktadır. Bu sözcük, hem bürokrasi yönelimli “administration”, hem de işletmecilik ve özel sektör yönelimli “management” anlamında kullanılmaktadır. Oysa etimolojik ve semantik açılardan incelendiğinde bu iki terimin genellikle eş anlamlı kabul edilmelerine rağmen, bazı yönleriyle ayrıştıkları gözlemlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu terimlerin her koşulda aynı sözcükle karşılanması, akademik ve bürokratik yazında sorunlara yol açma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Buradan hareketle, çalışmada söz konusu durumun yol açtığı kavram karışıklıklarına odaklanılmakta ve bunların çözümü için bürokrasi yönelimli anlama karşılık gelen “idare” teriminin kullanılması suretiyle idare / yönetim ayrımının içselleştirilmesi önerilmektedir.