bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining the danger zone: Critical snow support thresholds for predator-prey interactions
Authors: Sullender Benjamin , Cunningham Calum , Lundquist Jessica , Prugh Laura
Published: December 2022

Snowpack dynamics have a major influence on wildlife movement ecology
and predator-prey interactions. Specific snow properties such as
density, hardness, and depth determine how much an animal sinks into the
snowpack, which in turn drives both the energetic cost of locomotion and
predation risk. Here, we quantified the relationships between 15
field-measured snow variables and snow track sink depths for widely
distributed predators (bobcats [Lynx rufus], coyotes [Canis
latrans], wolves [C. lupus]) and sympatric ungulate prey (caribou
[Rangifer tarandus], white-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus],
mule deer [O. hemionus], and moose [Alces alces]) in interior
Alaska and northern Washington, USA. We first used generalized additive
models to identify which snow metrics best predicted sink depths for
each species and across all species. For species occurring in both
sites, we then tested whether the snow metric-sink depth relationship
differed across regions. Finally, we used breakpoint regression to
identify thresholds for the best-performing predictor of sink depth for
each species (i.e., values wherein tracks do not appreciably sink into
the snow). Near-surface (0-10cm) snow density was the strongest
predictor of sink depth across species. This relationship varied
slightly by region for wolves and moose but did not differ for coyotes.
Thresholds of support occurred at snow densities of 230 kg/m3 for
coyotes, 280 kg/m3 for bobcats, 290 kg/m3 for wolves, 340 kg/m3 for
deer, 440 kg/m3 for caribou, and 550 kg/m3 for moose. Together, these
critical thresholds define the bounds of “danger zones,” the range of
snow density in which carnivores have a comparative movement advantage
over ungulates. These results can be used to link predator-prey
relationships with spatially explicit snow modeling outputs and
projected future changes in snow density. As climate change rapidly
reshapes snowpack dynamics, these danger zones provide a useful
framework to anticipate likely winners and losers of future winter
conditions.
Multiscale entropy analysis of combined EEG-fNIRS measurement in preterm neonates
Authors: Semeia Lorenzo , Nourhashemi Mina , Mahmoudzadeh Mahdi , Wallois Fabrice , Sippel Katrin , Preissl Hubert
Published: December 2022

In nature, biological systems such as the human brain are characterized
by complex and non-linear dynamics. One way of quantifying signal
complexity is Multiscale Entropy (MSE), which is suitable for structures
with long-range correlation at different time scales. In developmental
neuroscience, MSE can be taken as an index of brain maturation, and can
differentiate between healthy and pathological development. In our
current work, we explored the developmental trends of MSE on the basis
of 30 simultaneous EEG – fNIRS recordings in premature infants between
27 and 34 weeks of gestational age (wGA). To explore potential factors
impacting MSE, we determined the relation between MSE and the EEG Power
Spectrum Density (PSD) and Spontaneous Activity Transients (SATs). As a
result, via wGA, the MSE calculated on the EEG increases, thus
reflecting the maturational processes in the brain networks, whereas in
the fNIRS, MSE decreases, which might indicate a maturation of the brain
blood supply. Moreover, we propose that the EEG power in the beta band
(13 – 30 Hz) might be the main contributor to MSE in the EEG. Finally,
we highlight the importance of SATs in determining MSE as calculated
from the fNIRS recordings.
Is temporal processing crucial to improve hearing in tinnitus patients?
Authors: Tziridis Konstantin , Schulze Holger
Published: December 2022

Temporal processing of auditory data plays a crucial role in our
proposed model of tinnitus development through stochastic resonance
(SR). The model assumes a physiological mechanism optimizing auditory
information transmission (as quantified by autocorrelation (AC)
analysis) into the brain by adding the optimal amount of neuronal noise
to otherwise subthreshold signals. We hypothesize that this takes place
at the second synapse of the auditory pathway in the dorsal cochlear
nucleus (DCN). We propose that after hearing loss, this neuronal noise
is tuned up in the affected frequency-band to improve hearing thresholds
on the cost of upward propagation of this added noise, which finally may
be perceived as tinnitus. We could already show the improvement of
hearing thresholds in a large population of patients. Until now, we did
not investigate the differences in hearing thresholds based on the
biological constrains of early auditory temporal processing (phase
locking) that is only possible up to frequencies of 5 kHz. In this
report, we grouped our patient database (N=47986) according to tinnitus
pitch (TP) of below (TP<5kHz) or above (TP>5kHz)
the 5 kHz limit or having no tinnitus (NT) and compared their mean
audiograms. We found that TP<5kHz patients showed
significantly better hearing thresholds than all other patient groups
independent of age. No improvement was seen for TP>5kHz
patients who even showed worse thresholds than NT patients for high
frequencies. These results are further evidence for our SR model of
tinnitus development and the existence of AC analysis at the level of
the DCN.
Bimanual coupling is modulated in task-specific way through left frontocentral brain networks
Authors: Rudisch Julian , Fröhlich Stephanie , Pixa Nils , Kutz Dieter , Voelcker-Rehage Claudia
Published: December 2022

When performing bimanual tasks, hands are typically not controlled
individually but rather as a coupled system to achieve high
spatiotemporal coordination. On a brain level, intra- and
interhemispheric connections networks that control the left and right
hand are necessary to exchange information between hemispheres and to
couple movements. Behaviorally, coupling is, however, highly
task-specific requiring, for example, to maintain a specific relative
phase in cyclic tasks (e.g., in- or antiphase) or to perform a role
differentiated task where one hand is modulating and the other hands is
stabilizing and needs to be kept as still as possible (e.g., holding a
notepad and writing on it). In this study, we used
electroencephalography to investigate functional brain network
characteristics (task-related activation and connectivity) in bimanual
force-control tasks with different coordination modes: inphase,
antiphase and role-differentiated with the left- or right-hand
stabilizing and the other hand manipulating. We aimed to examine i) how
network characteristics differ with respect to the coordination mode and
ii) how they are related to the performance. Results showed,
task-related differences in the overall activation and connectivity, but
no task-specific patterns (i.e., different regions being more active or
integrated during some tasks than others). We did show, however, that
the strength of bimanual coupling is modulated in a task-specific way
through networks including C3, FC3 and F3 electrodes. Results suggest
that interhemispheric crosstalk for bimanual coordination is modulated
in a task-specific way through left frontocentral networks.
Optimal Placement of Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter by Considering Short-Circuit Current and Transient Stability of Power System
Authors: Hafidz Isa , Mahendra Rafin Aqsa , Priyadi Ardyono , Pujiantara Margo , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery
Published: December 2022

High level of fault currents has become one of the most challenging
issues, along with increased electrical energy consumption and power
grid expansion. However, some of the previous work was limited to
installing limiters on designs and installing them on small plans. In
this study, the optimal placement of a resistive-type superconducting
fault current limiter (RSFCL) to achieve good power system transient
stability is proposed. The proposed method has several advantages.
First, procedure fault analysis is applied to consider the magnitude of
the short-circuit currents and the line located close to the generator
for the placement of the device. Compared with other methods, it can
directly find the exact line to be installed RSFCL. Second, the
stability assessment is validated using the time domain simulation by
installing limiters with varying capacities in any location. Third,
parameters were analysed to evaluate the proposed method’s
effectiveness, including angular speed, rotor angular velocity, and
generator rotor angle in a multi-machine system. The result reveals that
the placement of the limiter on the line with the most significant
short-circuits value on the line closest to the generator increases the
power system stability more than the placement in other locations.
Controls on Ice Cliff Formation, Distribution and Characteristics on Debris-Covered Glaciers
Authors: Kneib Marin , Fyffe Catriona Lousie , Miles Evan Stewart , Lindemann Shayna , Shaw Thomas E. , Buri Pascal , McCarthy Michael , Ouvry Boris , Vieli Andreas , Sato Yota , Kraaijenbrink Philip D. A. , Zhao Chuanxi , Molnar Peter , Pellicciotti Francesca , Moore Peter , Kirkbride Martin , Deline Philip , King Owen , Benn Doug , Glasser Neil
Published: December 2022

Ice cliff distribution plays a major role in determining the melt of
debris-covered glaciers but its controls are largely unknown. We
assembled a dataset of 37537 ice cliffs and determined their
characteristics across 86 debris-covered glaciers within High Mountain
Asia (HMA). We complemented this dataset with the analysis of 202 cliff
formation events from multi-temporal UAV observations for a subset of
glaciers. We find that 38.9% of the cliffs are stream-influenced,
19.5% pond-influenced and 19.7% are crevasses. Surface velocity is the
main predictor of cliff distribution at both local and glacier scale,
indicating its dependence on the dynamic state and hence evolution stage
of debris-covered glacier tongues. Supraglacial ponds contribute to
maintaining cliffs in areas of thicker debris, but this is only possible
if water accumulates at the surface. Overall, total cliff density
decreases exponentially with debris thickness as soon as debris gets
thicker than 10 cm.
A Case Study of the Effects of Aerosols on South China Convective Precipitation Forecast
Authors: wang yueya , ZHANG Zijing , Chow Wing Sze , Wang Zhe , Yu Jian Zhen , Fung Jimmy Chi-Hung , Shi Xiaoming
Published: December 2022

Previous studies on South China’s convective precipitation forecast
focused on the effects of multi-scale dynamics and microphysics
parameterizations. However, how the uncertainty in aerosol data might
cause errors in quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) has yet to be
investigated. In this case study, we estimate the impact of aerosol
uncertainties on the QPF for South China’s severe convection using
convection-permitting simulations. The variability range of aerosol
concentrations is estimated with past observation for the pre-summer
months. Simulation results suggest that the rainfall pattern and
intensity change notably when aerosol concentrations are varied. The
simulation with low aerosol concentrations produces the most intense
precipitation, approximately 50\% stronger than the
high-concentration simulation. Decreasing aerosol hygroscopicity also
increases precipitation intensity, especially in pristine clouds. The
aerosol uncertainty changes alter the number of cloud condensation and
ice nuclei, which modifies the altitude and amount of latent heating and
thereby modulates convection.
Quantifying site effects and their influence on earthquake source parameter estimations using a dense array
Authors: Chang Hilary , Abercrombie Rachel E. , Nakata Nori , Pennington Colin N. , Kemna Kilian B. , Cochran Elizabeth S. , Harrington Rebecca M.
Published: December 2022

We investigate the effects of site response on source parameters using
earthquakes recorded by a dense nodal array in Oklahoma. While it is
well-known that near-surface unconsolidated sediments can cause an
apparent breakdown of earthquake self-similarity, the influence of
laterally varying site conditions remains unclear. We analyze site
conditions across a 1825-station array on a river plain within an area
of 40 km by 51 km, using vertical ground motions from regional
earthquakes. While the source radiation pattern controls P-wave ground
motions below 8 Hz, the surface geology correlates with P-wave ground
motions above 8 Hz and S-wave ground motions at 2–21 Hz. Sites on
alluvial sediments can have vertical ground motions that exceed three
times the array median. We use ground motions of regional earthquakes as
a proxy for site effects. The corner frequencies (fc) and stress drops
(Δσ) of local earthquakes (ML0.01–3) estimated using a standard
single-spectra approach show negative correlations with the site-effect
proxy, while the seismic moments (M0) show positive correlations. In
contrast, the spectral-ratio approach effectively removes the site
effects. The site-effect biases are consistent but small as expected for
this relatively homogeneous structure; they contribute to standard
deviations <10% of the measurements and <16% of
the total variations. The remaining large variations are likely due to
model misfits as small earthquakes can have complex ruptures. Good
station coverage around the source is of primary importance for
capturing the large deviations in source parameters and improving their
precision.
Stochastic Helmholtz problem and convergence in distribution
Authors: Tleubergenov Marat , Vassilina Gulmira , Azhymbaev Darkhan
Published: December 2022

In the present paper, the solvability of the stochastic Helmholtz problem is
investigated in the class of stochastic differential equations equivalent in
distribution. Earlier, by additional variables method the Helmholtz problem
was investigated in the class of stochastic differential equations
equivalent almost surely (a.s.). The study of the stochastic Helmholtz
problem in the class of equations equivalent in distribution allows us to
significantly expand the region of its solvability. This is due to the
possibility of using well-known methods of the theory of stochastic
processes, such as the method of the phase space transformation, the method
of absolutely continuous change of measure, and the method of random change
of time. In that paper stochastic equations of the Lagrangian structure
equivalent in distribution are constructed by the given second order Ito
stochastic equations using the methods of phase space transformation,
absolutely continuous measure transformation and randomtime substitution.
The obtained results are illustrated by specific examples.
The Moore-Penrose inverse of accretive operators with application to quadratic operator pencils
Authors: Bouchelaghem Fairouz , Benharrat Mohammed
Published: December 2022

We establish some relationships between an m-accretive operator and its
Moore-Penorse inverse. We derive some perturbation result the Moore-Penorse
inverse of a maximal accretive operator. As an application we give a
factorization theorem for a quadratic pencil of accretive operators. Also,
we study a result of existence, uniqueness, and maximal regularity of the
strict solution for complete abstract second order differential equation.
Illustrative examples are also given.
Creating Community Connections: Saving an Historically Agrarian Town on the Cusp of Suburbanization
Authors: Chesky Anne
Published: December 2022

Agrarian communities, once proud, self-contained, insular worlds, are being transformed into places where people only live; they work, shop, and obtain services elsewhere. (Salamon 5 - 6) The Riceville valley is a historically agrarian community near Asheville, North Carolina. Over the last two decades, however, Riceville’s historic fields and forests have been threatened by encroaching development. Many newer residents in the community have begun to organize themselves around the issue of land preservation in the valley, but have largely been unsuccessful due primarily to ideological gaps between the old-timers in the community who own most of the undeveloped land and the newcomers in the valley who are fighting to save the land. This paper explores why these differences occur, while proposing a way to connect these two distinct groups of neighbors. By collecting the history of the community and making it accessible to both the old-timer and newcomer residents in Riceville, the barriers between these populations have begun to break down. This research note also offers a short guide to creating community connections through collecting history.
Preserving Traditional Culture in the Cumberland Gap Region
Authors: Graff Elissa R.
Published: December 2022

In 2010, Lincoln Memorial University completed two cycles of an Appalachian College Association and University of North Carolina, Asheville (ACA-UNCA) undergraduate research project partnership. The focus of the grant was incorporated into a class entitled Crafts to Culture. The primary mission of the course was to record and preserve the stories and work of craftspeople identified in Bell County, Kentucky; Claiborne County, Tennessee; and Lee County, Virginia. Students explored and analyzed traditional art from the Cumberland Gap region with an emphasis on family traditions, techniques, and the unique characteristics of each craft. An additional course objective was to give students practical skills in the areas of history, art, and communications. Three different academic disciplines were combined with independent goals as students worked together as a group. First, history students gained oral history experience—through interview preparation and practice, recording, transcription, and publications. Second, art students gained art experience by learning the craft traditions from an expert and by replicating a product using the learned technique. Third, broadcast communication students gained communications experience through audio and video recording, editing, and publishing. Teamwork was a byproduct of this project as all of the students needed to work together. This paper reports on an Undergraduate Research Grant Project advisor’s mentoring experience.
Inference to the best explanation: A neglected approach to theory appraisal in psychology
Authors: HAIG BRIAN D.
Published: December 2022

Explanatory theories in psychology usually are evaluated by using the hypothetico-deductive method and testing them for their predictive adequacy. This article brings the alternative idea of inference to the best explanation to the attention of psychologists and suggests that it provides them with a set of methodological resources for evaluating the explanatory worth of their theories. I present 3 characterizations of the notion of inference to the best explanation. The strengths and limitations of inference to the best explanation are then considered, as is its relationship to the hypothetico-deductive and Bayesian approaches to theory appraisal. Thereafter, I suggest a proper scope for inference to the best explanation as a scientific method, make recommendations for using the approach in psychology, and recommend its adoption in the appraisal of psychological theories.
Did we see someone shake hands with a fire hydrant?: Collaborative recall affects false recollections from a campus walk
Authors: SEAMON JOHN G. , BLUMENSON CLAIRE N. , KARP SOPHIE R. , PERL JESSE J. , RINDLAUB LAURA A. , SPEISMAN BRITTANY B.
Published: December 2022

An experimenter presented familiar and bizarre action statements (e.g., "Rest on the fire hydrant" vs. "Shake hands with the fire hydrant") to a participant and confederate during a campus walk. They watched the experimenter perform half the actions and imagined the experimenter performing the other half. One day later, they took a second walk where actions were only imagined. Some actions from the first walk were repeated, and new actions were added. Two weeks later, the participant and confederate collaboratively recalled whether specific actions were presented in the first walk and, if so, whether they were imagined or performed. For different actions, the confederate was accurate, was inaccurate, or provided no information. When later tested individually, participants demonstrated imagination inflation by falsely remembering familiar and bizarre actions as performed on the first walk that were merely imagined on the second. These memory errors were greatly reduced if the confederate was accurate during collaborative recall.
Are subjective memory problems related to suggestibility, compliance, false memories, and objective memory performance?
Authors: VAN BERGEN SASKIA , JELICIC MARKO , MERCKELBACH HARALD
Published: December 2022

The relationship between subjective memory beliefs and suggestibility, compliance, false memories, and objective memory performance was studied in a community sample of young and middle-aged people (N = 142). We hypothesized that people with subjective memory problems would exhibit higher suggestibility and compliance levels and would be more susceptible to false recollections than those who are optimistic about their memory. In addition, we expected a discrepancy between subjective memory judgments and objective memory performance. We found that subjective memory judgments correlated significantly with compliance, with more negative memory judgments accompanying higher levels of compliance. Contrary to our expectation, subjective memory problems did not correlate with suggestibility or false recollections. Furthermore, participants were accurate in estimating their objective memory performance.
Betrayal trauma theory of dissociative experiences: Stroop and directed forgetting findings
Authors: GIESBRECHT TIMO , MERCKELBACH HARALD
Published: December 2022

According to betrayal trauma theory, many survivors of childhood sexual abuse learn to compartmentalize (i.e., dissociate) their traumatic experiences from conscious awareness by dividing attention. This theory predicts that those who dissociate extensively should be at an advantage during dual tasks. Using a modified Stroop task in Experiment 1 and a direct forgetting task in Experiment 2, we tried to replicate Freyd and colleagues’ finding that high-dissociative people perform better under dual task conditions. However, in Experiment 1 we found that, relative to low-dissociative people, high-dissociative people exhibit a slowing of their Stroop reaction times that is independent of valence and attentional context. In Experiment 2, performance on a directed forgetting task was found to be unrelated to dissociation. Our 2 studies provide no evidence for the betrayal trauma theory, nor do they support other theories assuming that dissociation is the manifestation of an automatic defense mechanism.
Manipulating the strength of the Ponzo and horizontal–vertical illusions through extraction of local cue information
Authors: SEARLEMAN ALAN , PORAC CLARE , ALVIN JENNELLE , PEASLEE KENDRA
Published: December 2022

Previous research has shown that by placing nontargets around the endpoints of the shaft of the Mueller–Lyer illusion it is possible to markedly affect its normal strength. Using the same technique with the Ponzo illusion and the horizontal–vertical illusion, the current study demonstrated a similar ability to affect these other illusions of length. These findings provide varying amounts of support or challenges for different theories of illusion formation. In addition, the results highlight the importance of analyzing illusion data using comparative difference scores and examining separate overestimation and underestimation components in each illusion.
Interference between nonspatial stimulus features in the Simon effect
Authors: TAGLIABUE MARIAELENA , UMILTA CARLO , SPERA PAOLA
Published: December 2022

We investigated whether learning effects influencing the Simon effect, such as those found when learning involves the spatial stimulus dimension, might be also found when learning tasks involve other nonspatial stimulus features, such as color, shape, and orientation. Experiment 1 focused on mutual influences between Simon tasks based on color and shape. The Simon task on color is affected by a previously performed Simon task on shape more than the latter is affected by a previously performed Simon task on color. We hypothesized that this difference depends on the difficulty of the tasks. Because orientation discrimination seems more difficult than both color and shape discrimination (Experiment 2), we predicted that a Simon task on orientation would be influenced by a Simon task on color or shape more than tasks on color or shape would be influenced by a task on orientation. Experiments 3 and 4 confirmed our hypothesis.
Cross-Cultural Connections: An Investigation of Singing Canadian and American Patriotic Songs
Authors: Guerrini Susan C. , Kennedy Mary C.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare American and Canadian high school choral students’ knowledge of their respective patriotic songs. The questions of the study are as follows: (a) do students sing accurately their respective national anthems relative to melody and lyrics; (b) do students sing accurately "America" and "God Save the Queen" relative to melody and lyrics; (c) do students sing accurately the national anthems of each other’s country relative to melody and lyrics; and (d) is there a difference in the accuracy when students sing their respective and each other’s patriotic songs? The sample consisted of 102 secondary school students who were enrolled in non-auditioned choir classes and audio taped singing unaccompanied versions of their respective national anthems and "America" or "God Save the Queen." Results indicated that overall, Americans were significantly more proficient than Canadian singers. When converted to percentages, 77% of American students and 41% of Canadian students were judged as proficient when singing lyrics and melody of their own National Anthem. American students were significantly more accurate (p < .0001) in melody and lyrics when singing "America" than Canadian students who performed "God Save the Queen." Implications for practical application indicate that more emphasis should be placed on giving choir students the opportunity to sing their own national anthems, with special attention to typical lyric mistakes.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Name-Learning Techniques: Expanding Rehearsal and Name-Face Imagery
Authors: Neuschatz Jeffrey S. , Preston Elizabeth L. , Toglia Michael P. , Neuschatz Joseph S.
Published: December 2022

Two name-learning techniques were compared: expanding rehearsal and nameface imagery. Participants studied name-face associations and were given a cued recall test in which they were presented with a face and were to recall the name. They were presented with either an expanding rehearsal schedule (expanding condition), a distinctive facial feature coupled with a word phonologically similar to the last name and an interactive image linking the name and facial feature (name-face imagery condition), or a no memory (control) strategy. The expanding rehearsal schedule led to superior name learning relative to the name-face imagery and control conditions after a 15-min (Experiment 1) or 48-hr (Experiment 2) retention interval. In Experiment 3, the retrieval practice explanation was tested but not supported; we argue that an encoding variability interpretation is consistent with the overall pattern of results. Applied implications are also discussed.
Experimentally Manipulating the Effects of Involuntary Conscious Memory on a Priming Task
Authors: Mace John H.
Published: December 2022

Recent studies (Mace 2003a, 2003b) showed that involuntary conscious memory can enhance priming in implicit tasks. However, because the results of these studies were based on post hoc selection methods in which subjects were assigned to conditions (aware or unaware) based on their responses on a posttest questionnaire, it is possible that subject selection effects may have influenced the results. The present study used a novel method that experimentally manipulated the effects of involuntary conscious memory on a word stem task. This was accomplished by inducing the experience of word recollection in one test condition while inhibiting it in another. This study showed that subjects who experienced word recollection showed significantly higher rates of priming than those who did not. The results represent the first purely experimental demonstration of involuntary conscious memory’s ability to affect priming on implicit tasks.
What Did Triplett Really Find? A Contemporary Analysis of the First Experiment in Social Psychology
Authors: Strube Michael J.
Published: December 2022

In 1898, Norman Triplett published was has been called the first experiment in social psychology and sports psychology. Claiming to demonstrate "the dynamogenic factors in pacemaking and competition," this oft-cited article began the serious investigation of social facilitation. This area of research now numbers in the hundreds of published works, includes the study of humans and other animals, and encompasses basic research and applied settings. But what did Triplett really find? I examine Triplett’s original data and show that very little evidence existed for the social facilitation of the simple task he investigated. These analyses indicate the need to correct contemporary accounts of Triplett’s work and underscore the differences in how research was evaluated at that time compared with today.
Musical Stem Completion: Humming That Note
Authors: Warker Jill A. , Halpern Andrea R.
Published: December 2022

This study looked at how people store and retrieve tonal music explicitly and implicitly using a production task. Participants completed an implicit task (tune stem completion) followed by an explicit task (cued recall). The tasks were identical except for the instructions at test time. They listened to tunes and were then presented with tune stems from previously heard tunes and novel tunes. For the implicit task, they were asked to sing a note they thought would come next musically. For the explicit task, they were asked to sing the note they remembered as coming next. Experiment 1 found that people correctly completed significantly more old stems than new stems. Experiment 2 investigated the characteristics of music that fuel retrieval by varying a surface feature of the tune (same timbre ordifferent timbre) from study to test and the encoding task (semantic or nonsemantic). Although we did not find that implicit and explicit memory for music were significantly dissociated for levels of processing, we did find that surface features of music affect semantic judgments and subsequent explicit retrieval.
No Child Left behind: Determining the Impact of Policy on Music Education in Ohio
Authors: Gerrity Kevin W.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the impact of No Child Left Behind on music education in the State of Ohio. Survey research methods were employed to obtain the desired data. A 25-item questionnaire was created by the researcher, validated by experts, and pilot tested with a small group of Ohio principals. Six Likert-type items were utilized to measure principals attitudes while the remaining items helped the researcher detail the status of music programs with regard to staffing, student access, instructional time, and course offerings. The questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 246 public school principals in Ohio. Usable returns were received from 179 principals, resulting in a response rate of 73%. The overall attitude toward music education among Ohio principals was favorable, with a mean attitudinal score of25.1 (SD = 3.1). Significant differences between the attitudes of principals serving in "excellent" or "effective" schools and the principals of "academic watch" or "academic emergency" schools were revealed. Ultimately, 43% of Ohio’s public school music programs were determined to have weakened since the passage of No Child Left Behind.
Music Achievement, Self-Esteem, and Aptitude in a College Songwriting Class
Authors: Draves Tami J.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine the relationships between music achievement y musical self-esteem, and music aptitude of subjects (N = 20) in a songwriting course for undergraduate non-music majors. Criterion measures used were Advanced Measures of Musical Audiation, Self-Esteem of Musical Ability, and ratings of subjects’ original compositions. Two judges rated the compositions using a researcher-designed rating scale. Journals kept by students throughout the semester were coded and analyzed for the following themes related to musical self-esteem: Personal Desire/Interest, Support/Recognition from Others, and Perceived Music Ability. Significant relationships (p < .05) were found between all criterion measures. With encouragement from teachers and opportunities for social music-making more students may develop a greater interest in music, achieve at higher levels, and be more likely to continue music instruction. Replication with larger samples, samples of different age levels, and in other geographic areas is recommended.
Public School Supervising Teachers’ Perceptions of Skills and Behaviors Necessary in the Development of Effective Music Student Teachers
Authors: Kelly Steven N.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) What specific skills and behaviors are considered most important by public school supervising teachers in the development of effective music student teachers?; and (b) Are there differences between instrumental (band/strings) and choral/elementary music supervising teachers on those skills and behaviors? A survey was constructed, consisting of thirty-five items and representing a variety of teacher skills and behaviors. The respondents, public school music teachers who were experienced in supervising student teachers (N = 112), rated each survey item from 1 (not very important) to 5 (very important) regarding the degree each skill and behavior was considered important in the development of music student teachers. The findings showed the highest rated traits may be considered more social in nature and are frequently associated with an individuals personality or personal belief (e.g., honest and ethical). Traits receiving the lowest ratings did not require direct use of musical skills or knowledge (e.g., playing the piano; provide accompaniment), or instructional techniques (e.g., dealing effectively with student discipline). The findings suggest that music student teachers should be aware of high expectations placed on personal characteristics by supervising teachers during the student teaching experience.
From the Band Room to the General Music Classroom: Why Instrumentalists Choose to Teach General Music
Authors: Robinson Mitchell
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons given by music educators who were trained as instrumentalists for choosing to teach elementary general music rather than instrumental (band) music in the schools. Analysis of participant responses to an emailed questionnaire resulted in the following four emergent themes: (a) a clear preference for working with young children; (b) a concern that the demands of a band teaching position would not allow for the sort of work/life balance they wished to have in their own lives; (c) a strong aversion to the "culture of competition" they perceived to be prevalent in the band world; and (d) a concern regarding the perceived limitations of instrumental music teaching and learning as it exists in the schools. The paper continues with a discussion of the goodness of fit between specific personality types and teacher candidates’ vocational choices, and the relationship of competitive types (i.e., hypercompetitiveness and personal development competitiveness) to teachers’ perceived feelings of success, achievement and career satisfaction. Implications for music teacher education, including increased emphasis on socialization strategies and reconceptualization of the enterprise of instrumental music as practiced in the schools, are also included.
Higher Music Education Institutions: A Neglected Arena for Research?
Authors: Jørgensen Harald
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to argue that research into higher music education institutions must be acknowledged as an important and separate arena of research. The study is based on an overview of 847 research publications from 26 countries over the last 60 years. The issues addressed are: (a) the number and range of topics covered by the research, (b) the output of research over the last 60 years, (c) the international aspect of the research output, and (d) the range of research methods used. The conclusion is that research into higher music education has come of age and deserves to be regarded as an important research contribution, both from the research community and the students, teachers, and leaders in higher music education institutions.
Self Control, Fatalism, and Health in Appalachia
Authors: Welch Wendy
Published: December 2022

How does fatalism affect the ways in which medical professionals view Appalachians’ interest in their own health? Via a literature review, this concept is explored to reveal various ways in which fatalism can shift its meaning along a continuum from abdication of all self-efficacy to a complex interaction of environment, economics, belief, and abdication.
Effect of CGM access expansion on uptake among Medicaid patients with diabetes
Authors: Ni Kevin , Tampe Carolyn A. , Sol Kayce , Richardson Douglas B. , Pereira Rocio I.
Published: December 2022

  

OJECTIVE

Current studies on continuous glucose monitor (CGM) uptake are revealing for significant barriers and inequities for CGM use among patients from socially underprivileged communities. This study explores the effect of full subsidies regardless of diabetes type on CGM uptake and HbA1c outcomes in a US Medicaid adult patient population. 

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This retrospective cohort study examined 3036 adults with diabetes enrolled in a US Medicaid program that fully subsidized CGM. CGM uptake and adherence was assessed by CGM prescription and dispense data including >1 fill and adherence by medication possession ratio (MPR). Multivariate logistic regression evaluated predictors of CGM uptake. Pre- and post-CGM use HbA1c were compared. 

RESULTS

CGM were very well received by both individuals with type 1 diabetes and individuals with type 2 diabetes with similar high fill adherence levels (mean MPR 0.78 vs. 0.72, p = 0.06). No significant difference in CGM uptake outcomes were noted among major racial/ethnic groups. CGM use was associated with improved HbA1c among those with type 2 diabetes (-1.2% (13.1 mmol/mol), p < .001) that was comparable between major racial/ethnic groups; and those with higher fill adherence achieved greater HbA1c reduction (-1.4% (15.3 mmol/mol), p < 0.001) compared to those with lower adherence (-1.0% (10.9 mmol/mol), p <0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

CGM uptake disparities can largely be overcome by eliminating CGM cost barriers. CGM use was associated with improved HbA1c across all major racial/ethnic groups highlighting broad CGM appeal, utilization, and effectiveness across an underprivileged patient population.  
Renesansowa curia Lobzoviensis królowej Bony w świetle inwentarza z 1558 roku
Authors: Janowski Piotr
Published: December 2022

Czasy Zygmunta I Starego i Bony były dotąd najsłabiej rozpoznaną fazą w dziejach królewskiej rezydencji w podkrakowskim Łobzowie. Na podstawie inwentarza z 1558 r., rachunków wielkorządowych i źródeł ikonograficznych zrekonstruowano układ przestrzennywspomnianego założenia, przeanalizowano program użytkowy obiektów wchodzących w jego skład oraz omówiono wykonane wówczas prace budowlane. Najważniejszymi budynkami kompleksu były: dawna wieża kazimierzowska oraz dotychczas niewzmiankowany w literaturze przedmiotu dom mieszkalny położony w sadzie, a ponadto łaźnia, wozownia, stajnie, piekarnia i spichlerz, w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie ogrodzonej rezydencji znajdował się zwierzyniec. W artykule wykazano, że dzięki modernizacji w pierwszej połowie XVI w. dawna średniowieczna siedziba stała się ważną dla Jagiellonów letnią rezydencją w typie suburbana.
‘Tea for two generations’ An Intergenerational psychosocial intervention for people with dementia living in care homes
Authors:   , Butler Carole
Published: December 2022

Intergenerational practice has been found to enhance the wellbeing of people living with dementia, and raise awareness of dementia amongst younger generations in several countries globally. The need for intergenerational interventions is recognised in Welsh policy, however, there is currently a limited evidence base for their potential. The aim of this study was to develop, pilot and evaluate an intergenerational intervention, linking university students with care home residents living with dementia. The intervention aimed to enhance the wellbeing of people living with dementia, who may be at risk of social isolation, and raise awareness of dementia among university students, who may form part of the social care workforce in the future. The intervention involved shared activities based on preparing and sharing food, a meaningful activity that is sometimes lacking in care homes in Wales. The intervention was designed to provide relationship, collaboration, comfort, and equality to participants, which form the basis of person-centred care and contact theory. A pragmatic mixed methods research design was adopted, underpinned by the principles of an experimental framework. Data was gathered from participants and care home staff using Dementia Care Mapping, activity feedback sheets, questionnaires and focus groups. In sum, the thesis found that the intervention generally enhanced the mood and engagement of residents living with dementia, and the attitude of students towards dementia. The study provides additional nuanced insights that similar studies have not provided. The findings of this thesis highlighted a need for attachment to people outside of the environment in which they live, amongst plwd in the care home context. IG Interventions delivered in care homes provide the potential to meet this need. Feedback from care staff indicated that the intervention was suitable for a care home environment, and that observing plwd completing the activities prompted them to consider additional opportunities for residents to become engaged in preparing their own food. This study indicated that preparing and sharing food provides a meaningful basis for IG interventions, and that the benefits of IG interventions reported in other countries can be realised in Wales.
Yer İmajı ve Yer Bağlılığının, Yerel Halkın Algıladığı Değer ve Turizm Gelişimine İlişkin Desteği Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: Mancı Ali Rıza
Published: December 2022

Yerel halk, destinasyonların turizm gelişiminden etkilenen önemli paydaşlarından biridir. Ziyaretçi-yerel halk etkileşiminin olumlu ya da olumsuz olması, yerel halkın turizme vereceği desteğin belirleyicileri arasında sayılmaktadır. Ayrıca, yerel halkın destinasyona bağlılıkları ve algıladıkları imaj, onların turizm gelişimine ilişkin desteğinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yer imajı ve yer bağlılığının, yerel halkın algıladığı değer ve turizm gelişimine ilişkin desteği üzerindeki etkisini ölçmektir. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle Şanlıurfa’da ikamet edenlerle yüz yüze 450 adet anket gerçekleştirilerek veri elde edilmiştir. Veriler, doğrulayıcı ve yapısal eşitlik modeli aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yer bağlılığı ve yer imajının yerel halkın turizm gelişimi desteği üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı, yer imajı yer sadakatinin önemli bir tahmincisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Utilization of liquid organic fertilizer coffee (Coffea arabica L.) as a hydroponic nutrition in pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Adelia Ayu , Violita Violita
Published: December 2022

Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is a type of vegetable plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. Content contained in Pakcoy are calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, Ca, P, Fe, vitamins A, vitamins B and vitamins C. The high demand for vegetables, especially Pakcoy, is not matched by the extent of agricultural land for farming. One of the solutions that can be used for the cultivation of Pakcoy plants is hydroponically which does not require a large area of land, can also be done in the yard or terrace of the house. Coffe grounds can be used as organic fertilizer in a hydroponic system and can be an alternative that can be used to replace inorganic fertilizers. This study uses a CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with treatments consisting of 5 levels: A1B1 (1 dose AB Mix), A2B2 (½ dose AB Mix+5 mL liquid organic fertilizer coffe grounds), (½ dosis AB Mix+10 mL liquid organic fertilizer coffe grounds), (5 mL liquid organic fertilizer coffe grounds) and (10 mL liquid organic fertilizer coffe grounds). The result showed that the provision of hydroponic nutrients of coffe grounds\had an effect on the growth of Pakcoy, but the growth was lower than that of AB Mix.Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman sayuran yang termasuk dalam famili Brassicaceae. Kandungan yang terkandung di dalam pakcoy adalah kalori, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, serat, Ca, P, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B dan vitamin C. Tingginya permintaan sayuran khususnya pakcoy tidak diimbangi dengan luasnya lahan pertanian untuk bercocok tanam. Salah satu solusi yang bisa digunakan untuk budidaya tanaman pakcoy adalah secara hidroponik yang tidak membutuhkan lahan yang luas, bisa juga dilakukan di pekarangan atau teras rumah. Ampas kopi dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik dalam sistem hidroponik dan dapat menjadi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan yang terdiri dari 5 taraf : A1B1 (1 dosis AB Mix), A2B2 (½ dosis AB Mix+5 mL pupuk organik cair ampas kopi), (½ dosis AB Mix+10 mL cair pupuk organik ampas kopi), (5 mL pupuk organik cair ampas kopi) dan (10 mL pupuk organik cair ampas kopi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian nutrisi hidroponik ampas kopi berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan Pakcoy, namun pertumbuhannya lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan AB Mix.
UTILIZATION OF ORGANIC LIQUID COFFE FERTILIZER (COFFEA ARABICA L.) AS HYDROPONIC NUTRITION IN MUSTARD PLANTS (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)
Authors: Faradhila Fika
Published: December 2022

As mustard greens contain various benefits that are beneficial to health, because the mustard greens contain vitamins and minerals that play an important role in the process of growth and metabolism of the body. One way to grow vegetables in a narrow area is to use a hydroponic system. Hydroponics is a way of farming without using soil media but uses water as a medium and uses nutrients as nutrients for plant growth. Hydroponic cultivation is one of the efforts to obtain quality agricultural products, healthy, and free of pesticides. However, the use of hydroponic nutrients for now is still sourced from chemical fertilizers. Therefore, one solution to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers can be used organic fertilizers, namely liquid organic fertilizer which is more easily absorbed by plants because the elements in it have been decomposed. One of the wastes that can be used as liquid organic fertilizer is coffee grounds waste. This study aims to determine the use of liquid organic fertilizer coffee grounds (Coffea arabica L.) as hydroponic nutrients in mustard plants (Brassica juncea L.). This research was conducted from February to April 2020, located at the Integrated Research Laboratory and the wire house of the Department of Biology FMIPA UNP. This study uses a completely randomized design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Data were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and DNMRT follow-up tests at the 5% level. The results showed that various concentrations of hydroponic nutrient solution with liquid organic fertilizer based on coffee grounds had a significant effect on increasing the growth of mustard plants (Brassica juncea L.) both from plant height, number of leaves and leaf area. Keywords: Coffea Grounds, Hydroponics, Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Plant Sawi