bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Portable Taste Sensor with a Lipid/Polymer Membrane
Authors: Tahara Yusuke , Nakashi Kenichi , Ji Ke , Ikeda Akihiro , Toko Kiyoshi
Published: January 2013

We have developed a new portable taste sensor with a lipid/polymer membrane and conducted experiments to evaluate the sensor’s performance. The fabricated sensor consists of a taste sensor chip (40 mm × 26 mm × 2.2 mm) with working and reference electrodes and a portable sensor device (80 mm × 25 mm × 20 mm). The working electrode consists of a taste-sensing site comprising a poly(hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (pHEMA) hydrogel layer with KCl as the electrolyte layer and a lipid/polymer membrane as the taste sensing element. The reference electrode comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane layer with a small hole and a pHEMA layer with KCl. The whole device is the size of a USB memory stick, making it suitable for portable use. The sensor’s response to tannic acid as the standard astringency substance showed good accuracy and reproducibility, and was comparable with the performance of a commercially available taste sensing system. Thus, it is possible for this sensor to be used for in-field evaluations and it can make a significant contribution to the food industry, as well as in various fields of research.
Fear, Sovereignty, and the Right to Die
Authors: Hardes Jennifer
Published: January 2013

This paper addresses the “right to die” through the lens of Derrida’s The Beast and the Sovereign, Volume One. Specifically focusing on the case of Tony Nicklinson v. Ministry of Justice, 2012, the essay posits two things. First, Derrida’s insight helps us understand how a “fear of death” is a fundamental performative feature of sovereignty politics. Second, in order to maintain its performative role, sovereignty must perpetuate the belief that “man is wolf to man.” I argue that, in right-to-die cases, this has the effect of precluding compassionate reasons for taking the life of another. Thus, I posit that these two points, in part, explain how right-to-die cases fail on appeal. All is not lost, however, as this essay advances Derrida’s position that these performative workings of sovereignty, which currently preclude the right to die, are entirely deconstructable. As such, exploring how right-to-die cases are articulated in law permits a deconstruction of sovereignty politics and allows us to open up other ways of thinking about the relation between sovereignty, life, death, and our relationships with “others”.
EVALUATION OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR PASSENGER CAR PARKING SPACES USING MULTI-CRITERIA METHODS
Authors: Palevičius Vytautas , Paliulis Gražvydas Mykolas , Venckauskaitė Juratė , Vengrys Boleslovas
Published: January 2013

The present situation shows that the parking infrastructure in residential areas of Vilnius does not satisfy the existing level of motorization. Every evening people come home from work and end up parking cars on lawns, cycle and pedestrian paths, playgrounds, fire accesses and etc. In Lithuania, this problem emerged with the growing number of cars. There have been attempts to address parking shortage issues 20–30 years ago by building metal above-ground garages and underground car parks; but such solutions focused on existing burning needs alone. As a result, the current parking situation in residential areas is chaotic. This problem stems from the ineffectiveness of responsible institutions, which maintain the status quo. Consequently – as no car parking development projects are planned and implemented as well as no required statistical data is collected regarding conditions of car parking and etc. – people are forced to look for a solution by themselves, thus end up parking on lawns or playgrounds. This article aims to apply multi-criteria solutions (Multiple Criteria Decision Making – MCDM), which would allow indicating the worst passenger car parking conditions in residential areas from the social, economic and environmental points of view. Besides, it pursues identifying and substantiating the choice of territories that require the development of car parking solutions.
MEASURING THE PERCEPTION OF SAFETY AMONG TAIWAN CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS
Authors: Chen Wei Tong , Lu Chun Sheng , Liu Shu-Shun , Wang Min-Shun
Published: January 2013

Using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), this study develops a model to evaluate construction managers’ perception of safety as relates to six aspects: human error (HE), safety resource and application (SRA), safety equipment and training (SET), site culture and external factors (SCF), safety inspection and audit (SIA), and accident medium and activities (AMA). The model was used to identify and compare the level of safety perceived by Taiwanese construction managers including safety managers, contractor managers, public works managers, design and audit managers, owner audit and control managers, and others. Analysis reveals that safety managers have the highest perception of safety while owner audit and control managers have the lowest. Surprisingly, public works managers and design and audit managers have lower levels of perceived safety than do contractor managers. Apparently, reinforcing the perception of safety between these two types of construction personnel is important to reducing construction accidents in Taiwan.
TESTING THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MADE FROM RAW AND DISPERSION-TREATED CONCRETE RECYCLATE BY ADDITION OF ADDITIVES AND ADMIXTURES
Authors: Stehlík Michal
Published: January 2013

Today, concrete comprises more than 65% of the total volume of building constructions. As it undergoes degradation and buildings require refurbishment, the volume of concrete increases at disposal sites. Due to a lack of non-renewable resources and due to high prices of energies, the reuse of concrete seems to be more than desirable. It is common knowledge that in concretes made from recycled concrete, the strengths of the original concretes can hardly be achieved. The addition of dispersion additives and mineral admixtures into the freshly mixed concrete can contribute to improving the mechanical properties of concretes made from recycled concrete. Potential composite action of the recyclate, mineral admixtures and dispersion additives in increasing the compressive strength of concretes made from recycled concrete remains to be a question.
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN CONSTRUCTION: A CONTINUUM FROM DISTANT PAST INTO THE FUTURE
Authors: Skibniewski Mirosław J. , Zavadskas Edmundas K.
Published: January 2013

This paper deals with the historical and current trends in the development of civil engineering and construction technologies. The authors demonstrate the continuity of creative thought and effort among early master builders and technology developers throughout the history of civilizations that created the most iconic structures remaining in the world heritage of the built environment to the contemporary times. Recent concepts and ongoing efforts in the development of advanced construction technologies based on automation and information sciences, materials science and systems engineering are highlighted in the context of historical ideas and achievements of past architects and construction engineers of the past century.
On some aspects of the UN Security Council Mandate Application during the NATO Operation Unified Protector
Authors: Kriz Zdenek
Published: January 2013

The question of the compliance of the NATO operation Unified Protector with the international law has not become a key topic of scholarly debate yet. The prevailing attitude is such that NATO intervention was in accordance with the international law. Nevertheless, the article argues that NATO in Libya exceeded the UN Security Council mandate. Unified Protector was an operation conducted in the favour of one side, in this case, the rebels. NATO military engagement in Libya very much approached providing air support to Libyan rebelling groups in order to topple the regime. Furthermore, this conclusion is also confirmed by the fact that Western countries had provided military advisors and arms as well.
The Arab Spring 2011: Retreating Secularization? The New Wave of Islamization in the North African Region.
Authors: Kostrounova Jana
Published: January 2013

The process of revolutionary changes in the North African region in 2011 sparked the flame of hope for change and implementing reforms viewed through the lens of the West. The fall of the dictator and the process of democratic transition in Tunisia as a major commitment to a peaceful future for the whole region and coming closer to the Western-style concept of democracy. How unrealistic has this premise proved to be, it is illustrated by the recent development in Tunisia, Libya, as well as Syria. It is really important to ask, how the requirements and goals of the Arab revolution 2011 reflected into the actual change at the national political scene in various Islamic countries. Isn't the call for democracy inspired by its western model, taking the form of the dictator's subversion, revision of the constitution and observing human rights, particularly the freedom of speech and fighting for the abolition of the censorship, the reason for strengthening the effort of some political Islam groups (such as Salafiyya) to obtain more influence in the society? Can the current sectarian violence in Libya be viewed as a new, slowly coming wave of violence in the name of fighting between different Islamic sects? Does the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood's attitude restrain the real reform and transition to a new system in the country? And isn't Tunisia becoming a victim of its own dream of better tomorrow after Ben Ali's fall?
Identification of Immunogenic HLA-B*27:05 Binding Peptides of Salmonella Outer Membrane Protein in Patients with Reactive Arthritis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy
Authors: SINGH AMIT KUMAR , AGGARWAL AMITA , CHAURASIA SMRITI , MISRA RAMNATH
Published: January 2013

Objective.

Salmonella outer membrane proteins (OMP) are major immunogenic targets to synovial fluid lymphocytes of patients with reactive arthritis (ReA)/undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (uSpA). Because these patients have genetic predisposition to HLA-B*27 and its subtype HLA-B*27:05, we sought to identify immunogenic HLA-B*27:05-binding salmonella OMP peptides in patients with ReA/uSpA.

Methods.

A total of 125 HLA-B*27:05-binding salmonella OMP peptides identified using ProPred-I software were synthesized and grouped in 23 pools. The peptide pools, along with crude enteric bacterial lysates and salmonella OMP, were cultured with synovial fluid (SF) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 23 patients with ReA/uSpA, 10 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 10 healthy individuals in 96-well culture plates. Proliferation was measured by tritiated thymidine uptake and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in culture supernatant. Individual peptides from pools having significant responses were retested with cryopreserved cells. Immunogenic peptides thus identified were further tested in 5 additional new patients with ReA/uSpA by flow cytometry. A Basic Local Alignment Search Tool program was used to search for similar peptides from a protein bank of arthritogenic bacteria and human protein.

Results.

Nineteen of 23 SFMC from ReA/uSpA showed a significant proliferative response to salmonella OMP, with minimal response of PBMC (1/10) from ReA/uSpA, SFMC from RA (1/10), or PBMC from controls (1/10). Nine salmonella OMP peptides, QRAEMLPTL, SRSGLNIAL, LRFLYAKSL, RLEGTWVKL, ARCIAPYAL, KLFLTTAAL, YRNSDFFGL, QRPAVRVKL, and YRVGPGDVL, were identified. Response to QRAEMLPTL was seen in 6/7 HLA-B*27:05-positive patients. All immunogenic peptides had sequence similarity with peptides from arthritogenic bacterial proteins, while 5 had similarity with peptides from human proteins.

Conclusion

Nine novel immunogenic OMP peptides binding to HLA-B*27:05 were identified that showed sequence similarity with other arthritogenic bacteria.
Comparative Effectiveness of Nonbiologic versus Biologic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: DEWITT ESI MORGAN , LI YANHONG , CURTIS JEFFREY R. , GLICK HENRY A. , GREENBERG JEFFREY D. , ANSTROM KEVIN J. , KREMER JOEL M. , REED GEORGE , SCHULMAN KEVIN A. , REED SHELBY D.
Published: January 2013

Objective.

To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) versus biologic DMARD (bDMARD) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using 2 common analytic approaches.

Methods.

We analyzed change in Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) scores in patients with RA enrolled in a US-based observational registry from 2001 to 2008 using multivariable (MV) regression and propensity score (PS) matching. Among patients who initiated treatment with a nonbiologic DMARD (n = 1729), we compared patients who switched to, or added, another nonbiologic (n = 182) or a bDMARD (n = 342) at 5, 9, and 24 months after treatment change.

Results.

Both analytic approaches showed that patients switching to or adding another nonbiologic DMARD demonstrated improvement across 9 and 24 months (both p < 0.001). Both approaches also demonstrated greater improvement in CDAI among recipients of bDMARD relative to a second nonbiologic DMARD at 5 months (p < 0.02). The MV regression approach upheld these results at 9 and 24 months (p < 0.03). In contrast, the PS-matching approach did not show a sustained advantage with bDMARD at these later timepoints, possibly because of lower statistical power and/or lower baseline disease activity in the PS-matched cohort.

Conclusion.

Patients in both treatment groups generally experienced lower CDAI scores across time. Patients switching to bDMARD demonstrated greater improvement than patients switching to nonbiologic DMARD with both analytic approaches at 5 months. Relative advantages with bDMARD were observed at 9 and 24 months only with MV regression. These analyses provide a practical example of how findings in comparative effectiveness research can diverge with different methodological approaches.
BAFF Expression Correlates with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy Disease Activity Measures and Autoantibodies
Authors: LÓPEZ De PADILLA CONSUELO M. , McNALLAN KELLY T. , CROWSON CYNTHIA S. , BILGIC HATICE , BRAM RICHARD J. , HEIN MOLLY S. , YTTERBERG STEVEN R. , AMIN SHREYASEE , PETERSON ERIK J. , BAECHLER EMILY C. , REED ANN M.
Published: January 2013

Objective.

To investigate B cell survival cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) levels as biomarkers of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM).

Methods.

We measured and compared mRNA levels of B cell survival cytokines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 98 patients with IIM, 38 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 21 healthy controls. The cytokines were B cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF); ΔBAFF; and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL); and their receptors BAFF-R, transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor, and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA). We also identified autoantibodies, including anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, anti-topoisomerase 1, anti-hystidyl-tRNA synthetase, anti-ribosomal P, and anti-chromatin. Clinical disease activity was assessed by the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies core set tool. We examined correlation of mRNA with disease activity, medication use, and autoantibodies.

Results.

We found a positive correlation of BAFF and ΔBAFF expression with 3 disease activity measures, with ΔBAFF having a stronger correlation. Similarly, anti-SSA/Ro-52 and/or anti-SSA/Ro-60 had a strong positive correlation with mRNA levels of BAFF and ΔBAFF, and with relative ratios of BAFF/APRIL and BCMA/BAFF-R.

Conclusion.

These findings highlight the potential importance of BAFF, ΔBAFF, and BAFF-R in the pathogenesis of IIM, and suggest an important role in the assessment of disease activity.
A New Approach to Prevention of Knee Osteoarthritis: Reducing Medial Load in the Contralateral Knee
Authors: JONES RICHARD K. , CHAPMAN GRAHAM J. , FINDLOW ANDREW H. , FORSYTHE LAURA , PARKES MATTHEW J. , SULTAN JAWAD , FELSON DAVID T.
Published: January 2013

Objective.

Few if any prevention strategies are available for knee osteoarthritis (OA). In those with symptomatic medial OA, the contralateral knee may be at high risk of disease, and a reduction in medial loading in that knee might prevent disease or its progression there. Our aim was to determine how often persons with medial OA on 1 side had either concurrent or later medial OA on the contralateral side, and whether an intervention known to reduce medial loading in affected knees with medial OA might reduce medial loading in the contralateral knee. Lateral wedge insoles reduce loading across an affected medial knee but their effect on the contralateral knee is unknown.

Methods.

To determine the proportion of persons with medial knee OA who had concurrent medial contralateral OA or developed contralateral medial OA later, we examined knee radiographs from the longitudinal Framingham Osteoarthritis Study. Then, to examine an approach to reducing medial load in the contralateral knee, 51 people from a separate study with painful medial tibiofemoral OA underwent gait analysis wearing bilateral controlled shoes with no insoles, and then with 2 types of wedge insoles laterally posted by 5°. Primary outcome was the external knee adduction moment (EKAM) in the contralateral knee. Nonparametric CI were constructed around the median differences in percentage change in the affected and contralateral sides.

Results.

Of Framingham subjects with medial radiograph knee OA, 137/152 (90%) either had concurrent contralateral medial OA or developed it within 10 years. Of those with medial symptomatic knee OA, 43/67 (64%) had or developed the same disease state in the contralateral knee. Compared to a control shoe, medial loading was reduced substantially on both the affected (median percentage EKAM change −4.84%; 95% CI −11.33% to −0.65%) and contralateral sides (median percentage EKAM change −9.34%; 95% CI −10.57% to −6.45%).

Conclusion.

In persons with medial OA, the contralateral knee is also at high risk of medial OA. Bilateral reduction in medial loading in knees by use of strategies such as lateral wedge insoles might not only reduce medial load in affected knees but prevent knee OA or its progression on the contralateral side.
Symptoms Related to Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1-associated Periodic Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, and Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients Carrying the TNF Receptor Superfamily 1A D12E/p.Asp41Glu Mutation
Authors: HAVLA JOACHIM , LOHSE PETER , GERDES LISA ANN , HOHLFELD REINHARD , KÜMPFEL TANIA
Published: January 2013

Objective.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1–associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is an autoinflammatory disorder caused by autosomal dominantly inherited mutations in the TNF receptor superfamily 1A (TNFRSF1A) gene. The D12E substitution has been described only once to date, in a 4-year-old boy with fever.

Methods.

For DNA sequence analysis of theTNFRSF1Agene, genomic DNA was isolated, amplified by PCR, purified, and sequenced.

Results.

We describe 3 families (8 subjects) with the TNFRSF1A D12E substitution and TRAPS-related symptoms, in 4 cases associated with the autoimmune diseases multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusion.

The clinical phenotype might be associated with the TNFRSF1A D12E mutation. There is a close pathophysiological relationship between TNF signaling and autoimmune disorders.
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Physical Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: SHIN SO YOUNG , JULIAN LAURA , KATZ PATRICIA
Published: January 2013

Objective.

To examine the relationship between cognitive impairment and functional limitations and disability in persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

Individuals from a longitudinal cohort study of RA participated in study visits that included physical, psychosocial, and biological metrics. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of 12 standardized neuropsychological measures yielding 16 indices covering a range of cognitive domains. On each test, subjects were classified as “impaired” if they performed 1 SD below age-based population norms. Total cognitive function scores were calculated by summing the number of tests on which individuals were classified as “impaired” (higher scores = greater impairment). Performance-based and self-reported functional limitations were assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), respectively. Self-reported disability was measured with the Valued Life Activities (VLA) scale. Multiple regression analyses controlling for sex, race, education, cardiovascular comorbidity, disease duration, disease severity, and depression were conducted to identify whether cognitive impairment was independently associated with physical function difficulties.

Results.

There were 122 subjects with mean (SD) age of 58.4 (± 10.8) years; 62% were female and 80% were white. In multivariate regression models, total cognitive function score was significantly associated with greater functional limitations (SPPB: β = −0.24, p = 0.014; HAQ: β = 0.24, p = 0.003) but not with disability (VLA: β = 0.10, p = 0.207).

Conclusion.

Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with greater functional limitations in patients with RA, suggesting that cognitive impairment may play a role in poor functional status in persons with RA.
The SMILE Study — Safety of Methotrexate in Combination with Leflunomide in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: BIRD PAUL , GRIFFITHS HEDLEY , TYMMS KATHLEEN , NICHOLLS DAVE , ROBERTS LYNDEN , ARNOLD MARK , BURNET SIMON , de JAGER JULIEN , SCOTT JAMES , ZOCHLING JANE , LITTLEJOHN GEOFF
Published: January 2013

Objective.

To assess the safety of treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis with a combination of methotrexate (MTX) and leflunomide (LEF) in comparison to MTX monotherapy, in clinical practice.

Methods.

The Safety of Methotrexate in Combination with Leflunomide in Rheumatoid Arthritis (SMILE) study was a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective safety study. The study was conducted by the Optimising Patient Outcomes in Australian Rheumatology-Quality Use of Medicines Initiative (OPAL QUMI). Data were deidentified for patient, clinic, and clinician prior to collection from 13 participating rheumatology practices (25 rheumatologists). Comparative analysis of safety for the different treatments, primarily with regard to neutropenia and liver abnormalities, was performed.

Results.

In total, 2975 patients were included in the study: 74% female, 26% male, mean age 62 years (SD 13.6). Distribution of therapy: MTX monotherapy 52.2%, LEF monotherapy 7.3%, MTX plus LEF 13.9%, and neither MTX nor LEF 26.6%. Comorbid liver disease was reported in 8.1% of patients. Liver function abnormalities were reported in 12% of the MTX monotherapy group, 16% of the LEF monotherapy group, 19% of the MTX-LEF combination group, and 14% of the group not taking either drug. Neutropenia was reported in 2.3% of the MTX monotherapy group, 5.5% of the LEF monotherapy group, 3.9% of the MTX-LEF combination group, and 4.2% of the group not taking either drug.

Conclusion.

The combination of MTX and LEF was well tolerated, with adverse events comparable to those of monotherapy and the other nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment group.
Association of Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase 1 Gene Polymorphisms with Fibromyalgia Syndrome in a Korean Population
Authors: KIM SEONG-KYU , KIM SEONG-HO , NAH SEONG-SU , LEE JI HYUN , HONG SEUNG-JAE , KIM HYUN-SOOK , LEE HYE-SOON , KIM HYOUN AH , JOUNG CHUNG-IL , BAE JISUK , CHOE JUNG-YOON , LEE SHIN-SEOK
Published: January 2013

Objective.

Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, which is an essential cofactor in nitric oxide (NO) production. Polymorphisms in theGCH1gene have been implicated in protection against pain sensitivity. The aim of our study was to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in theGCH1gene affect susceptibility and/or pain sensitivity in fibromyalgia syndrome (FM).

Methods.

A total of 409 patients with FM and 422 controls were enrolled. The alleles and genotypes at 4 positions [rs3783641(T>A), rs841(C>T), rs752688(C>T), and rs4411417(T>C)] in theGCH1gene were analyzed. The associations of theGCH1SNP with susceptibility and clinical measures in patients with FM were assessed.

Results.

The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the 4 SNP did not differ between patients with FM and healthy controls. Among 13 constructed haplotypes, we further examined 4 (CCTT, TTCT, TTCA, and CCTA) with > 1% frequency in both FM and controls. No associations ofGCH1polymorphisms with FM-related activity or severity indexes were found, although the number and total score of tender points in patients with FM differed among the 4 haplotypes (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01, respectively). The CCTA haplotype ofGCH1was associated with significantly lower pain sensitivity and occurred less frequently than the CCTT haplotype in patients with FM (p = 0.04, OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21–0.96).

Conclusion.

Our study provides evidence that certainGCH1haplotypes may be protective against susceptibility and pain sensitivity in FM. Our data suggest that NO is responsible for pain sensitivity in the pathogenesis of FM.
A Medicolegal Analysis of Worker Appeals for Fibromyalgia as a Compensable Condition Following Workplace Soft-tissue Injury
Authors: FITZCHARLES MARY-ANN , STE-MARIE PETER A. , SHIR YORAM
Published: January 2013

Objective.

Workplace injuries may be implicated in the causation of fibromyalgia (FM), hence linking FM to compensation. We examined the appeals by workers directed to an appeals tribunal for causation of FM following soft-tissue injury sustained in the workplace.

Methods.

One hundred fifty tribunal decisions relevant to FM were examined using a predetermined protocol. New-onset FM was appealed in 123, and aggravation of preexisting FM in 15.

Results.

All injuries were of a soft-tissue type, without persistent physical findings to explain continued symptoms. The tribunal accepted 67% of appeals for aggravation of FM, and 59% for new-onset FM. Time from injury to FM diagnosis was 4.3 ± 4.1 years, with 6.3 ± 2.8 physicians cited for each worker, and with previous health status not reported for 26%. Injuries were a single event in 68%, with location in low back for 44%, and shoulder/upper limb in 40%. The FM diagnosis was based on a rheumatologist report in 74%.

Conclusion.

Over half of appeals for aggravation or causation of FM following a work-related soft-tissue injury were accepted by the tribunal, with importance ascribed to a rheumatologist diagnosis. Concerns are raised regarding lengthy duration from injury to diagnosis, claimants’ high healthcare use, and neglect of mention of previous health status. The attribution of causation of FM to a soft-tissue workplace traumatic event is contentious and requires further examination.
Téléphones et télégraphes au pays des Soviets. Vecteurs et procédés de circulation des techniques de communication en URSS (1918-1939)
Authors: Zakharova Larissa
Published: January 2013

Cet article se penche sur les vecteurs et les procédés de circulation des techniques de télécommunication en URSS de 1918 à 1939 en suivant les acteurs et leurs motivations. Trois périodes sont distinguées. La première correspond aux années de la guerre civile (1918-1922) et se caractérise par les tentatives d’adapter les techniques étrangères aux conditions d’exploitation soviétiques. La deuxième période (de 1923 à 1928) met en scène le dilemme entre les importations des techniques étrangères et le développement de la production soviétique. Pendant la troisième période (1929-1939) se développe une tendance qui consiste à importer des échantillons pour les copier, et ensuite les reproduire dans les usines soviétiques.
Apprendre aux jeunes enfants à (se) poser des questions littéraires
Authors: Terwagne Serge
Published: January 2013

L’article décrit et analyse un dispositif original d’enseignement de la compréhension à l’école maternelle à partir d’albums de littérature. S’inscrivant dans une perspective vygotskienne qui amène les enfants à poser eux-mêmes les questions et reprenant les conceptions de Mayers sur l’enseignement réciproque, Serge Terwagne souligne le rôle d’étayage de l’enseignant et recourt à des marionnettes qui incarnent chacune un type de questionnement transactionnel afin de développer les capacités interprétatives d’élèves âgés en moyenne de six ans. Le bilan de cette encourageante expérimentation fait apparaitre la nécessité de réguler les interventions de l’enseignant au cours de ces lectures partagées et d’étaler dans le temps la présentation et donc l’appropriation des gestes transactionnels, ceux-ci présentant des niveaux de complexité très différents.
Le dessin animé pour apprendre à comprendre une histoire
Authors: Blanc Nathalie , Navarro Marion
Published: January 2013

Comprendre un texte est une activité cognitive complexe qui constitue une source de difficultés majeures pour nombre d’enfants à leur entrée en sixième. Face à ce constat, l’enjeu est de mettre en place un apprentissage précoce de la compréhension de textes. Dans ce contexte, nous verrons que le dessin animé mérite d’être considéré comme un support propice au développement des habiletés de compréhension des enfants, avant même qu’ils ne sachent lire. Précisément, comprendre un dessin animé sollicite la mise en œuvre de trois compétences majeures qui sont également impliquées en compréhension de textes : repérer la structure narrative du récit, générer des inférences sur les aspects implicites de l’histoire et auto-évaluer le produit de sa compréhension. À l’appui de travaux menés auprès d’enfants scolarisés en école maternelle, nous verrons que le dessin animé est un support ludique qui a pour avantage de pouvoir être exploité à des fins pédagogiques.
La compréhension du récit de fiction en petite section : développement, apprentissage et perspectives didactiques
Authors: Boiron Véronique
Published: January 2013

Dans le cadre de cette contribution consacrée à la question de la compréhension du récit de fiction en petite section de maternelle, nous tentons d’interroger ce que les élèves âgés de trois ans environ peuvent effectivement comprendre, d’une part, en convoquant, sous la forme d’une revue de questions, des paramètres essentiels à la compréhension des récits de fiction, tels que le rôle de la mémoire, des expériences du monde, de la situation scolaire et des échanges langagiers, et, d’autre part, en analysant des données recueillies, dans quatre classes de petite section, lors de la lecture de récits de fiction écrits et illustrés.
La conformidad, institución clave y tradicional de la justicia negociada en España
Authors: Gómez-Colomer Juan-Luis
Published: January 2013

Résumé La « conformité » est présentée en Espagne comme la meilleure institution qui représente un processus moderne négocié de la justice. Cependant son ancienneté, ses diverses possibilités et ses règles différentes, ainsi que leur complexité, rendent nécessaire une réforme profonde et l’adaptation aux nouvelles tendances de l’Europe et du système anglo-américain contradictoire. Cet article explique les subtilités du droit espagnol et pointe du doigt ses problèmes et ses défauts.
Plea Bargaining in the United States: a Perversion Of Justice
Authors: Viano Emilio C.
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article examine en profondeur la négociation de plaidoyer comme la forme la plus fréquente de la justice négociée dans le système de justice pénale des États-Unis. Il retrace l’histoire et la dynamique du développement de la négociation de plaidoyer aux États-Unis et sa transformation progressive dans la procédure la plus couramment utilisée pour le règlement des affaires criminelles aux États-Unis. L’article examine les divers facteurs et les raisons qui ont permis, par la négociation, de reléguer au second plan le procès devant un jury et d’en faire un événement rare ces jours-ci. Les décisions pertinentes de la Cour suprême sont citées et analysées. L’article se penche également sur les conséquences de ce changement sur l’équilibre des pouvoirs dans la salle d’audience, et qui font du procureur l’acteur le plus puissant de la cour criminelle. L’article examine également les raisons pour lesquelles les défendeurs peuvent conclure des accords sur le plaidoyer et même avouer faussement un crime qu’ils n’ont pas commis. En particulier, il souligne la dynamique actuelle de la procédure pénale devant les tribunaux des États-Unis qui rend la négociation de plaidoyer presque inévitable pour la majorité des accusés, souvent avec de graves conséquences pour eux. Il apporte des arguments en faveur et contre la négociation de plaidoyer tel qu’il est utilisé aujourd’hui dans les tribunaux des États-Unis. Il aborde également d’autres conséquences importantes de l’utilisation répandue de la négociation de plaidoyer comme la croissance exponentielle des populations carcérales Fédérales et des États. L’article conclut par un appel à un nouvel examen de ce processus qui a des conséquences délétères pour la plupart des accusés, le système de justice pénale et la société.
The Level of ‘Contribution' Required Under Article 25 (3) (D) of the Rome Statute of the International Crimnal Court
Authors: Sanikidze Zurab
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le 30 mai 2012, la Chambre d’appel de la Cour pénale internationale, dans l’affaire Le Procureur c. Mbarushimana Callixte, a rejeté l’appel de l’Accusation relatif à la détermination du standard juridique correct applicable concernant le terme «contribution» prévu à l’article 25 (3) (d) du Statut de Rome de la Cour pénale internationale. À cet égard, cet article analyse le niveau nécessaire de «contribution» de la personne à la commission ou tentative de commission d’un crime inscrit à l’article 25 (3) (d) du Statut à la lumière de la règle générale aussi bien que des moyens d’interprétation additionnels. En conséquence, après avoir examiné les problèmes relatifs à la définition et à l’interprétation d’une «contribution» à l’article 25 (3) (d), le document propose des solutions possibles à ce sujet.
Irkoutsk ne répond plus. Jules Verne, les médias de masse et l'imaginaire de la rupture de communication
Authors: Pinson Guillaume
Published: January 2013

Contemporaine de la naissance de la culture médiatique, l’œuvre de Jules Verne est portée par un imaginaire enthousiaste de la communication. En témoignent le personnage du reporter ainsi que les procédés romanesques souvent originaux dont use Verne, comme la délégation de la narration à un reporter fictif ( Claudius Bombarnac ). Mais le romancier interroge aussi les possibilités d’un en-dehors médiatique, comme si à travers ses romans la société de l’information secrétait le fantasme de son envers. D’où les scènes de la rupture de communication : ligne télégraphique coupée ( Michel Strogoff ), télescope voilé ( De la Terre à la Lune ), étendue géographique insurmontable ( L’Île mystérieuse ). L’ère de la communication imprimée s’est peut-être ainsi constituée sur un imaginaire hybride, tendant à la fois à la proclamation d’une communication triomphante et à la formation de récits qui en dévoilent les limites.
Karst Research in the 19th Century - Karel Dežman’s (1821-1889) Work
Authors: Južnič Stanislav
Published: January 2013

Karel Dežman’s research of the karst phenomena was examined. Among his works the cave research, description of Proteus, other cave animals and plants were found. A special concern was put on Dežman’s sources dealing with Proteus research. As the custodian of the Land Museum of Ljubljana, Dežman promoted the Ljubljanian natural history research of his time. His scientific works are not very well known because he did not follow the political line of the official Slovenian national representatives.
E. A. Martel, The Traveller Who Almost Become an Academian
Authors: Schut Pierre-Olaf
Published: January 2013

Edouard-Alfred Martel lives in Paris. Like his father he studies to become a lawyer. This social position, fruit of the paternal heritage, does not fulfil his desire to become famous in the field of science, which he considers as the source of progress for mankind. He has a passion for travelling and, in the course of his journeys, finds a way to satisfy his ambitions, which run far beyond his Parisian legal practice. Almost by chance, he comes across what he would soon institutionalize as a new branch of natural science: speleology, that is to say the study of natural, underground caves. Will Martel, the ambitious traveller, manage to distinguish himself in the scientific world? The man’s biography, supported by an analysis of his writings and his correspondence, illustrates the career of a tourist who wished to be acknowledged as a scientist. Showing the anonymous member of the Club Alpin Français rising up to being candidate at the Academy of sciences, this biography illustrates the path of a self-made man right up to the highest spheres of science. It also demonstrates the distinction this illustrious man created between trips for tourist and explorations dedicated to scientific purposes.
Una vida dedicada a la Geografía
Authors: Pérez Sierra Mª. del Carmen , Gutiérrez Ronco Sicilia
Published: January 2013

Este artículo plantea la significación local, regional, nacional e internacional de la obra del Profesor José Manuel Casas Torres, catedrático de Geografía de las Universidades de Zaragoza y Madrid (Complutense), así como de su vertiente profesoral y de las tesis y memorias de licenciatura dirigidas por él. Se hace hincapié en la muy notable influencia que ha tenido dentro de la Geografía española.

[fr] Cet article aborde la signification locale, régionale, nationale et internationale de l’oeuvre de José Manuel Casas Torres, professeur agrégé de Géographie aux Universités
de Saragosse et de Madrid (Complutense), ainsi que de son travail comme professeur et des thèses et des mémoires de recherche qu’il a dirigées. Une mention particulière est faite à son influence remarquable dans la Géographie espagnole.
El poder de los mapas
Authors: Núñez de las Cuevas Rodolfo
Published: January 2013

El mapa es un gran colector de información en la sociedad actual, para casi todas las actividades, es imprescindible una buena cartografía. Aunque ahora se reconoce el valor de los mapas, durante muchos siglos, solo algunas mentes preclaras, intuyeron su verdadero valor. El artículo realiza, un recorrido sobre el significado del mapa, en diferentes aspectos de la evolución de la cartografía oficial de los Estados y la importancia en la dimensión sociopolítica del poder, hasta llegar al momento actual, en donde, las nuevas técnicas de representación cartográfica, ofrecen la posibilidad de formar nuevos mapas, revisar cartografía obsoleta y ayudar a mejorar el conocimiento del territorio.

[fr] La carte est un grand vecteur d’information dans la société actuelle ; pour presque n’importe quelle activité, une bonne cartographie est indispensable. Bien que de nos jours la valeur des cartes soit reconnue, pendant des siècles uniquement certains esprits éclairés ont su deviner leur valeur réelle. L’article fait un historique sur la signification des cartes en plusieurs aspects de l’évolution de la cartographie officielle des États et sur leur importance dans la dimension socio-politique du pouvoir jusqu’au moment actuel, où les nouvelles techniques de représentation cartographique permettent de créer de nouvelles cartes et de réviser la cartographie devenue obsolète, contribuant ainsi à l’amélioration de la connaissance du territoire.
Las series anuales de precipitación más largas de Chile: estudio y enseñanzas
Authors: Sanz Donaire Juan José
Published: January 2013

En el presente trabajo se hace un estudio de las precipitaciones anuales de las 15 estaciones con registro más largo de Chile. Se plantea la evolución para todo el período instrumental, y para los treintenios CLINO. Los resultados se ofrecen a través de rectas de regresión con su pendiente y valor de probabilidad. Finalmente se introduce en un análisis sinusoidal, más acorde con la noción actual de sistema climático.

[fr] Cet article fait une étude des précipitations annuelles des 15 stations météorologiques disposant des registres les plus longs du Chili. L’évolution est envisagée pour l’ensemble de la période instrumentale et pour les périodes de trente ans CLINO. Les résultats sont proposés à travers des lignes de régression avec leur pentes et leur valeurs de probabilité. Finalement, il amorce une analyse sinusoïdale plus conforme à la notion actuelle de système climatique.
El nuevo mapa político y económico de América Latina: Alianza Pacífico versus UNASUR
Authors: Sánchez Muñoz Alfredo
Published: January 2013

No disponible
Yield of spring wheat and field pea seeded into standing and cultivated canola stubble on the semiarid Canadian prairie
Authors: Cutforth Herb
Published: January 2013

Cutforth, H. 2013. Yield of spring wheat and field pea seeded into standing and cultivated canola stubble on the semiarid Canadian prairie. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 287–289. Previous research in the semiarid prairie showed that crop yields increased as the height of standing cereal stubble increased to ≥45 cm. A 3-yr (2008–2010) study was conducted at Swift Current, SK, to determine how seeding field pea and spring wheat into cultivated and tall (≥45 cm high) canola stubble affected crop yield. Similar to cereal stubble, crop yield and water use efficiency were significantly greater for crops grown in the tall standing canola stubble compared to the cultivated stubble. Water use by each crop was independent of stubble management.
CO447 corn inbred line
Authors: Reid L. M. , Zhu X. , Voloaca C. , Woldemariam T. , Wu J.
Published: January 2013

Reid, L. M., Zhu, X., Voloaca, C., Woldemariam, T. and Wu, J. 2013. CO447 corn inbred line. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 323–326. CO447 is a short-season corn (Zea mays L.) inbred line with excellent combining ability. This inbred performed well as a parent with both stiff and non-stiff stalk inbreds. Excellent yields were achieved with the iodent inbred MBS8148 and the stiff-stalk inbred TR2040 at many locations.
Major barley
Authors: Legge W. G. , Tucker J. R. , Fetch T. G. , Haber S. , Menzies J. G. , Noll J. S. , Tekauz A. , Turkington T. K. , Savard M. E.
Published: January 2013

Legge, W. G., Tucker, J. R., Fetch, Jr., T. G., Haber, S., Menzies, J. G., Noll, J. S., Tekauz, A., Turkington, T. K. and Savard, M. E. 2013. Major barley. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 291–297. Major is a hulled two-row spring malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar widely adapted to western Canada. Developed from the cross Rivers/Newdale made in 1999, Major was evaluated in the Western Cooperative Two-row Barley Registration Test (2006–2007) and the Collaborative Malting Barley Trials (2007–2008) conducted by the malting and brewing industry before being registered in 2009. Major has an excellent combination of agronomic traits and disease resistance with malting quality similar to AC Metcalfe, a cultivar widely used commercially by the malting and brewing industry in domestic and export markets.
Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li Jing , Korban Schuyler S. , Han Yuepeng
Published: January 2013

Zhou, Y., Li, J., Korban, S. S. and Han, Y. 2013. Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 183–190. Simple sequence repeat markers derived from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are referred to as eSSRs. To develop molecular markers for non-model plants in Rosaceae, we investigated the transferability of apple eSSRs across seven fruit trees, belonging to four genera and 11 species of the Rosaceae family, including peach, quince, pear, loquat, apricot, cherry, and plum. Of the 98 apple eSSRs tested, 86 successfully amplified PCR products in at least one of the fruit tree species. Five apple eSSRs produced amplicons in more than five fruit tree species, and were deemed as a widely transferable Rosaceae marker set. Frequency of transferability of apple eSSRs across all seven fruit trees of Rosaceae varied widely among genera and species, with an average transferability of 29.0%. Overall, apple eSSRs transferred more easily to peach and pear than to plum and loquat. Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in coding sequences (CDS) showed higher levels of transferability to other fruit trees than those present in noncoding or untranslated regions (UTRs). Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in 5'UTRs showed lower frequencies of transfer than those present in 3'UTRs. The latter finding suggested that 5'UTRs might have diverged more rapidly than 3'UTRs in Rosaceae.
Tacit Collusion in Price‐Setting Oligopoly: A Puzzle Redux
Authors: Van Essen Matt , Hankins William B.
Published: January 2013

We study tacit collusion in price‐setting duopoly games with strategic complements and substitutes. While this problem has been considered by several studies, this article sheds new light on the comparison by focusing on the relationship between dynamic stability of equilibrium and tacit collusion. We find when controlling for the absolute slope of the reaction functions, there are no robust differences in either the convergence properties or tacit collusion between complements and substitutes treatments.