bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postneonatal Cerebral Palsy in Europe: Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics According to Contributory Events: An SCPE Study
Authors: Delobel‐Ayoub Malika , Ehlinger Virginie , Klapouszczak Dana , Troha Gergeli Anja , Sellier Elodie , Hollody Katalin , Virella Daniel , Vik Torstein , Perret Célia , Vidart d’Egurbide Bagazgoïtia Nicolas , Horridge Karen , Arnaud Catherine
Published: January 2025

Background

Postneonatal cerebral palsy (PNCP) is rare and requires large databases to be studied over time.

Objectives

To study the time trend of prevalence of PNCP overall and by cause, and to describe the clinical characteristics of children with PNCP according to cause and compared with children with pre/peri/neonatal CP (PPNCP).

Methods

The Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) database was used. Primary events (the first known chronological event in the causal chain) were classified according to the SCPE classification (six main and 19 sub‐categories). Prevalence trends for children born during 1976–2012 were modelled using multilevel generalised linear models. The clinical characteristics of PNCP and PPNCP cases born after 1998 were reported as proportions.

Results

The prevalence rates of PNCP were 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37, 2.23) and 0.82 per 10,000 live births (95% CI 0.73, 0.92) in children born during 1976–1980 and 2006–2012, respectively. The models showed a 2% annual decline in overall prevalence (prevalence rate multiplied by 0.98 each year) and a 10% decline for infectious causes for every 5‐year change. The prevalence rate in children born during 2006–2012 was 0.26 per 10,000 (95% CI 0.21, 0.32) for infectious causes, which remained the most frequent. No trend emerged for other causes. Unilateral spastic CP, associated impairments and severe gross motor dysfunction were more frequent in PNCP than in PPNCP, and PNCP showed predominantly grey matter injury (55.6%). Seventeen percent were born preterm. PNCP differed by cause, with cerebrovascular accidents presenting the least severe and hypoxic causes the most severe forms.

Conclusion

Our study confirms the decrease in the prevalence of PNCP in children born up to 2012, particularly for CP, due to infectious causes, which remain the most frequent. Children with PNCP had more severe presentation overall than those with PPNCP, with severity depending on the cause.
Early‐Life Exposures and Odds of Adenomyosis: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Hall Mandy S. , Harris Holly R. , As‐Sanie Sawsan , Upson Kristen
Published: January 2025

Background

Adenomyosis can confer life‐altering symptoms such as pelvic pain. Yet, the epidemiologic study of this uterine condition lags other gynaecologic conditions. This includes the investigation of intrauterine exposures that could disrupt foetal development and contribute to the presence of adenomyosis in adulthood.

Objective

We investigated nine early‐life factors and the odds of adenomyosis using data from a population‐based case–control study of enrollees of an integrated healthcare system in Washington State ages 18–59.

Methods

Cases (n = 386) had incident, pathology‐confirmed adenomyosis diagnosed between 2001 and 2006. Two control groups were employed: hysterectomy controls (n = 233) and randomly selected age‐matched enrollees with an intact uterus (‘population controls’, n = 323). The primary study activity was a structured in‐person interview; participants were also mailed a family history questionnaire that included questions on early‐life factors. We conducted logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between early‐life factors and adenomyosis.

Results

Comparing cases to population controls, our data suggested an 80% increased odds of adenomyosis with younger maternal age at participant's birth (≤ 19 vs. ages 25–29) (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 0.94, 3.50) and a 50% increased odds of adenomyosis for participants who were the fourth or later live birth (vs. firstborn) (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 0.88, 2.59). Among never‐smoking participants, our data suggested a 50% increased odds of adenomyosis with intrauterine exposure to cigarette smoking (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 0.92, 2.46). In analyses using hysterectomy controls, these associations were attenuated.

Conclusions

These data suggested that several intrauterine exposures were associated with increased odds of adenomyosis in adulthood. The intrauterine period may be a susceptible window for subsequent development of adenomyosis and warrants further investigation.
Distracted partners: Why police traffic enforcement is inefficient
Authors: Love Alexander , Greenberger Michael , Wang Ye , Baumgartner Frank R.
Published: January 2025

As communities throughout the country adopt policies designed to reduce traffic fatalities to their lowest possible numbers, they rely heavily on police for traffic enforcement. Within policing communities, however, traffic stops are seen not only as a means to encourage better driving, but also as an important tool for drug interdiction and crime control. This renders the police “distracted partners” in the fight against dangerous driving. We analyze 246,003 stops conducted by the San Diego Police Department using geolocated traffic‐stop data. We compare a model of traffic stops driven by injury‐causing collisions to models where the stops are associated with crime and minority population. We find that the police are attentive to collisions but driven more by crime and minority population levels. We conclude that traffic safety efforts could more effectively be enhanced by a non‐police agency devoted solely to reducing serious collisions, fatalities, and the public health threats from cars, with the police focused on crime control. The combined mission for the police of doing traffic safety and crime control results in suboptimal outcomes with regard to crash and injury prevention.
Unexpected Inheritances and Household Labor Supply: Does the Identity of the Recipient Matter?
Authors: Belloc Ignacio , Molina José Alberto , Velilla Jorge
Published: January 2025

Traditionally, the data on inheritances in surveys are analyzed assuming that they are equally shared within households. However, inheritances are commonly individual assets, regardless of the marital property regime adopted at the time of marriage. In this paper, we examine the impact of individual unexpected inheritances on household labor supply. To do so, we use data from the SHARE for 2006–2015, covering 13 European countries, and adopt a collective perspective to analyze whether inheritances are equally distributed within the household or if the identity of the recipient matters. We reject the inheritance pooling hypothesis in favor of the intrahousehold approach. Our results suggest that females decrease their labor force participation by 5.3% points if they have received an unexpected inheritance since the prior interview, whereas we find no impact on the labor supply of males. These results can inform the design of fiscal policies on inheritances in Europe.
Residual Effects of Physical Exercise After Periods of Training Cessation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis and Meta‐Regression
Authors: Buendía‐Romero Ángel , Vetrovsky Tomas , Hernández‐Belmonte Alejandro , Izquierdo Mikel , Courel‐Ibáñez Javier
Published: January 2025

We aimed to determine the persisting effects of various exercise modalities and intensities on functional capacity after periods of training cessation in older adults. A comprehensive search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection up to March 2024 for randomized controlled trials examining residual effects of physical exercise on functional capacity in older adults ≥ 60 years. The analysis encompassed 15 studies and 21 intervention arms, involving 787 participants. The exercise and training cessation periods ranged from 8 to 43 weeks and 4 to 36 weeks, respectively. Meta‐analyses were performed using change scores from before the physical exercise to after the training cessation. The effect sizes (ES) were calculated as the standardized mean differences between the intervention and control groups' change scores. Subgroup analyses and meta‐regressions explored the influence of participant characteristics, the magnitude of the effect produced by the initial training program, various exercise modalities (resistance and multicomponent training) and intensities (high and low), and subdomains of functional capacity (agility, balance, standing ability, walking ability, and stair walking). The findings revealed that exercise interventions had a significant effect on preserving functional capacity after training cessation (ES = 0.87; p < 0.01). This protective effect was consistent across various exercise modalities and intensities (ES ≥ 0.67; p ≤ 0.04). The benefits obtained during the training program were positively associated with the residual effects observed after training cessation (β = 0.73; p < 0.01), while age negatively influenced the persisting adaptations (β = −0.07; p < 0.01). Current evidence suggests that exercise‐based interventions, irrespective of modality and intensity, are highly effective in preventing functional declines after training cessation among older adults.
Identification of tiger and lion skulls: An illustrated guide for science and practice
Authors: Formanova Dominika , Kubatova Anna
Published: January 2025

Tiger and lion bones are valuable subjects of trafficking. They can be easily interchanged. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to quickly distinguish between tiger and lion skulls. From a number of features reported in the literature, a set of seven significant characters was identified that can be recognized even in photographs. A methodology for their assessment was developed. Using a combination of them allows for a very reliable morphological distinction between the two species. A new character, the greater palatine foramen ratio, of both adult and juvenile skulls, has not been described in the context of identification of tiger and lion skulls before.
The Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kaldal Maiken Holm , Voldbjerg Siri , Conroy Tiffany , Feo Rebecca , Laugesen Britt
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This scoping review aims to identify and map the use of the Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education to provide insights into curriculum development that can benefit educators, health care professionals, and policy makers in educational contexts.

Introduction:

The Fundamentals of Care Framework offers a comprehensive approach for conceptualizing and delivering high-quality, person-centered fundamental care. Use of the framework in education is shown to enhance critical thinking, establish a shared language for nursing care, and increase understanding of person-centered care.

Inclusion criteria:

This scoping review will consider sources such as discussion papers, qualitative and quantitative primary research studies, and review articles that report on activities relating to use of the Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education. The focus will be on nursing education internationally, including but not limited to, theoretical learning and clinical learning contexts that provide training for nursing students.

Methods:

The proposed review will use the 3-step search strategy recommended in the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. The databases, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO will be searched, with no limitations on language or year. Only sources accessible through scientific databases will be considered for inclusion. The reference lists of included sources will be searched for additional sources. Three independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts of retrieved sources and extract relevant data. Data will be presented in a descriptive manner, supported by tables and charts, and accompanied by a narrative summary.

Review registration:

Details of this review protocol can be found in Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4XE2C
Exploring the application of acceptance and commitment therapy by occupational therapy practitioners: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Rider John V. , LaVerdure Abigail E.
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The proposed scoping review aims to explore the literature on the use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) by occupational therapy (OT) practitioners, including how OT practitioners use ACT in the evaluation or intervention process, what types of client concerns they are addressing through ACT, in what settings they are using ACT, and what outcomes are being reported.

Introduction:

ACT is a third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy that is effective across a wide range of diagnoses commonly seen by OT practitioners. Given the increased use of ACT by OT practitioners, a comprehensive understanding of its use in clinical practice would benefit OT practitioners, referring health care providers, and clients, as well as informing future research.

Inclusion criteria:

The proposed review will consider studies that include participants of any age or diagnosis receiving OT services that involve ACT. All pertinent published studies will be considered, without limit on publication date or restriction on publication language. All primary studies, gray literature, text and opinion papers, and clinical guidelines will be considered.

Methods:

The proposed review will follow JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), OTSeeker, OTDBase, SciELO, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, MedNar, and Google Scholar. All relevant sources will be screened by 2 reviewers independently, and data will be extracted using a standardized tool modified for the review. The results will be presented with frequency tables and narrative summaries.

Review registration:

Details of the review can be found in Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NGZKQ
Mapping resilience and co-occurring theoretical constructs in nurses: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Rosenblatt Audrey , Dominguez-Cancino Karen , Chung Catie , Mecham Kelly , Bennett Marsha , Greenwood Jennifer , Palmieri Patrick
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The aim of this scoping review is to map the concept of resilience and its measurement along with co-occurring theoretical constructs within nursing research using the COVID-19 pandemic as a critical date range for the current evidence.

Introduction:

Resilience has a wide variety of definitions in research literature and is often measured through its co-occurring theoretical constructs. Nurse resilience is a key element in interventions targeting nurse well-being and has been tied to burnout and mental health. Resilience is influential in workforce stabilization and impactful to nurse retention both within a facility and within the field of nursing. This is significant given the worldwide nursing shortage and the attrition from the field.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will consider published and unpublished studies that investigate resilience and co-occurring theoretical constructs in nurses, excluding students. Studies published in English or Spanish will be considered for inclusion without restriction to setting or geographic location. All instruments that measure resilience will be considered for inclusion and mapped in conjunction with the co-occurring constructs.

Methods:

Database searches from January 10, 2020, onwards will include CINAHL (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, and LILACS. Unpublished studies and gray literature will be searched for on ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest). The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be followed. Extracted data will include publication details (authors, titles, year of publication), resilience measurement instruments, co-occurring theoretical constructs, participants, context, and concept. Extracted data will be presented in charts and tables supported by a narrative summary.

Review registration:

Open Science Framework https://osf.io/n2uge/
The acute effects of dynamic stretching on the neuromuscular system are independent of the velocity
Authors: Vieira Denis César Leite , Babault Nicolas , Hitier Marion , Durigan João Luiz Quagliotti , Bottaro Martim
Published: January 2025

This study examined the acute effects of dynamic stretching at different velocities on the neuromuscular system. Fourteen participants underwent four experimental sessions in random order: (1) control (lying at rest with the ankle in a neutral position); (2) slow velocity dynamic stretching (50 beats/min; SLOWDS); (3) moderate velocity dynamic stretching (70 beats/min; MODDS); and (4) fast velocity dynamic stretching (90 beats/min; FASTDS). The stretching protocols consisted of four sets of 10 repetitions and targeted the plantar flexor muscles of the right ankle. Assessments included corticospinal excitability (via motor‐evoked potential—MEP/Mmax), spinal reflex activity (via H‐reflex—Hmax/Mmax), muscle contractile properties (peak twitch torque; PTT), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and maximal range of motion (ROMmax). Dynamic stretching did not affect MEP/Mmax and MVC of the plantar flexor muscles (P > 0.05). All stretching protocols similarly reduced soleus Hmax/Mmax (P < 0.05), and increased PTT (P < 0.05). Additionally, all conditions, including control, similarly increase ROMmax (P < 0.05, and Cohen's d value of −0.39, −0.28, −0.38 and −0.29 for CON, SLOWDS, MODDS and FASTDS, respectively). Therefore, dynamic stretching reduces spinal reflex activity and enhances muscle contractile properties irrespective of movement velocity without impairing corticospinal excitability and MVC.
HAXPES spectra of bulk WS2 with Cr Kα excitation
Authors: Boyer Alexandre , Renault Olivier , Gauthier Nicolas
Published: January 2025

Monochromatic Cr Kα radiation (5414.8 eV) was used to acquire high-energy photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) data on pure WS2. The reported spectra include a survey scan and high-resolution W 3s, W 3p1/2, W 3p3/2, W 3d3/2, W 2d5/2, W 4s, W 4p1/2, W 4p3/2, W 4d, W 4f, S 1s, S 2s, and S 2p core-levels. The data will be useful for HAXPES studies of tungsten-related compounds.
Physical Activity and the Development of Executive Function in Healthy Children: A Bioecological Perspective
Authors: Schaerz Simon
Published: January 2025

Executive function comprises cognitive skills essential for activities like planning, emotion regulation, and problem solving. Neurological changes in the prefrontal cortex, linked to executive function, are associated with regular physical activity. This review explores the role of physical activity as a developmental process, situated within a complex and ever-evolving bioecological system. Meta-analytic evidence shows that physical activity involving complex motor skills, performed at moderate to vigorous intensity consistently and over extended periods, is most beneficial. The quality and quantity of physical activity conducive to executive function development are influenced by the developing child’s physical literacy, gender, parents, peers, schools, competitive sport involvement, socioeconomics, physical environments, and time. This review advocates for promoting childhood physical activity, supporting quality physical education in schools, and overcoming socioeconomic barriers. Future research should focus on real-world physical activity settings, longitudinal studies, and the optimal progression of physical activity interventions.
Life-threatening dapagliflozin-associated euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis in a postoperative patient
Authors: Mukaddam Sajid Hasanali , Tooblani Hasan Mohammed , Gupta Riya
Published: January 2025

Euglyceamic diabetic ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is an uncommon but serious diabetes mellitus complication associated with risk factors such as fasting, surgery, pregnancy and, more recently, the use of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). This case is of a woman with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in her 50s who underwent an incarcerated umbilical hernia repair and abdominoplasty. Two days after discharge, she was readmitted with nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, low-grade fever and breathing difficulty. Preoperatively, her diabetes management included an SGLT2i. She was diagnosed with EuDKA with high anion gap metabolic acidosis, a medical emergency similar to diabetic ketoacidosis. The normal blood glucose levels in EuDKA can mask the condition, which poses a conundrum for physicians in the emergency department/intensive care units as it may delay diagnosis and treatment, worsening the outcomes. To mitigate this risk, SGLT2i should be stopped 3–4 days before planned surgery with appropriate adjustments to the insulin regimen.
Pregnancy after Tompkins metroplasty for Robert’s uterus
Authors: Khunda Sarmad , Abas Rasha , Khunda Aethele
Published: January 2025

Two patients of early adolescence age presented with medically resistant primary dysmenorrhoea. Imaging (MRI scan) confirmed an asymmetric uterine septum with a unilaterally obstructed horn with haematometra. Laparotomy and Tompkins metroplasty was performed to unify the uterine cavity in each case, a technique not used for this condition before. Dysmenorrhoea resolved postoperatively. One patient got pregnant spontaneously 3.5 years later and was delivered by emergency caesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation. There are five reported cases of pregnancy after treatment for a Robert’s uterus, none after Tompkins metroplasty. Primary dysmenorrhoea needs investigation with imaging when it does not respond to simple medical treatment. Resection of the septum hysteroscopically or via a laparotomy and a hysterotomy have been reported before, but Tompkins metroplasty offers the advantage of using the uterine septal tissue in the repair rather than resecting it. This is especially relevant if the septum is thick.
Colonic tuberculosis mimicking malignancy: a multidisciplinary medical and surgical approach
Authors: Chen Mei-Ting , Ong Ferdinand , Choy Kay Tai , Chakraborty Joy
Published: January 2025

Colonic tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB with nonspecific clinical presentations such as weight loss, abdominal pain and fever. It is often misdiagnosed, as the presentations mimic other more common diseases such as colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases, especially in those countries with low TB incidence. Although a combination of CT imaging, colonoscopy and histopathology forms the essential part of the diagnostic assessment, the high variability and low specificity of each investigation may delay or overlook the diagnosis. Without treatment, colonic TB could potentially lead to severe malnutrition, bowel obstruction and mortality. We report the case of a man in his 60s presenting with significant weight loss, malnutrition and an abdominal mass for an initial workup of colorectal malignancy. This case highlights the diagnostic pitfall and dynamic management of colonic TB and aims to raise awareness among clinicians to broaden differential diagnoses when encountered with unspecific presentations.
Unusual presentation of necrotising sarcoid granulomatosis in the liver, spleen and bone
Authors: Katrib Marcel , Khawandi Jana , Nicolas Jessica , Merashli Mira
Published: January 2025

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory multisystem disease characterised by non-necrotising granulomas that typically affect the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, skin, liver, spleen, heart, bones and joints. Although rare, necrotising granulomas can also occur. In this report, we present a case of a healthy woman in her 60s who presented with a 1-year history of fatigue and generalised body aches. A comprehensive diagnostic workup, including a detailed history, physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies (CT and positron emission tomography-CT) and biopsies, was conducted to identify the underlying cause. Biopsy results confirmed the presence of necrotising granulomas, leading to a diagnosis of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis after excluding other aetiologies. The patient was treated with a multiregimen therapeutic approach, including adalimumab, which resulted in significant clinical improvement.
Intrathecal fluorescein guidance in the treatment of intracranial hypotension due to spinal CSF-venous fistula
Authors: Boeris Davide , Giordano Martina , Fragale Maria , Pero Guglielmo
Published: January 2025

Among the causes of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistulas (CVFs) represent a recently discovered and poorly understood aetiology, for which invasive treatment (surgery vs endovascular treatment) may be required. However, CVFs are not always immediately identified during surgery. We describe a case of a woman with a 2-year history of SIH who was found to harbour a T8 CVF. The diagnostic work-out is depicted; during the surgical procedure, intrathecal fluorescein was deployed to correctly identify and ligate the CVF. The use of intrathecal fluorescein may represent an additional useful tool to make surgery for CVFs more effective and safer.
Cross-sectional study protocol to assess ultraviolet radiation exposure among military outdoor workers in Lohatla, Northern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Galawe Sipho David , Lebelo Kgomotso , Rathebe Phoka Caiphus
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The sun is one of the primary natural sources of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and a known human carcinogen. It has been related to melanoma and several skin cancers, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Non-melanoma skin cancers are prevalent in South Africa, with high reported incidence rates in both genders. Due to its diversified population, South Africa experiences extreme ultraviolet index (UVI) levels, reaching 13 in the summer (a UVI of 11+ is considered extreme). Most summer workdays expose outdoor workers to repeated UVR exposure, which can lead to health risks like sunburn, premature ageing, cataracts, and an increased risk of skin cancer. This study aims to evaluate UV radiation exposure among outdoor military workers.

Methods and analysis

A cross-sectional quantitative study will occur at the Lohatla military base in Kathu, Northern Cape province of South Africa, using personal electronic dosimeters for solar UVR assessment. Additionally, a self-administered questionnaire will assist in assessing health effects and perceived exposure behaviours. The study addresses a critical public health concern, exploring significant risks associated with UVR exposure among outdoor military workers across different demographics.

Ethics and dissemination

The ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Health Sciences Research Committees of the University of Free State (UFS-HSD2023/1227/2811). The confidential data will be accessed by the named researchers and stored in secure password-protected platforms. In addition, the findings will be disseminated through high-impact publications in various formats to government departments and the broader scientific community.
Epidemiological features of uterine fibroid-associated imaging changes in Chinese women of reproductive age: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Xu Fan , Huang Yanyan , Xu Wei , Pu Yang , Chen Ke , Zhou Bingqian , Gong Ruoyan , Su Xueyao , Zhang Jiayuan , Shi Qiuling
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To investigate uterine fibroid (UF)-associated imaging changes, and their prevalence, incidence and potential risk factors in the Chinese population.

Design

This was a retrospective observational study using health examination data.

Setting

A physical examination centre in Nanchong, China, between October 2017 and December 2020.

Participants

A total of 33 915 Chinese women older than 15 years of age underwent uterine imaging during the study period.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

This study identified entries of UF-associated imaging changes through a two-round expert consultation and calculated prevalence and incidence of UF-associated imaging changes. Logistic regression estimated the association (OR, 95% CI of body mass index, high blood pressure (HBP), blood lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose level) with UF-associated imaging changes. Age-stratified (≤40 years and >40 years) risks were ascertained.

Results

Besides the entry ‘Potential UF’, 17 other entries of UF-associated imaging changes screened by the expert consultation were included, involving a total of 46 864 records (n=33 915), and crude prevalence=25.18%; crude incidence density/1000-woman-years=63.28. Incidence and prevalence increased with age during reproductive age (15–49 years) and decreased thereafter. The greatest burden was in women aged 40–54 years, the prevalence was 38.60%–45.38% and the incidence was 14.73%–17.96%. In the incident younger population (age ≤40 years), overweight (OR: 1.48, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.14) and HBP (OR: 2.16, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.24) were associated with a higher risk for UF-associated imaging changes; in the >40 years group, no association was observed.

Conclusion

UF incidence and prevalence in Asians were higher than previously reported, showed age-related increase in reproductive age, and UF incidence increased with overweight and HBP in ≤40-year-old participants. Variation in UF burden and factors with higher risk noted in different age ranges, and the correlations identified in younger women make it possible for early preventive measures for women with a higher risk of UF.
Comparative cross-sectional study on the prevalence, determinants and willingness to use long-acting reversible contraception among female students attending public and private universities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Sanni Taofeek Adedayo , Durowade Kabir Adekunle , Elegbede Olusegun Elijah , Adewoye Kayode Rasaq , Aderinwale Oluseyi Adedeji , Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Ojo John Olujide , Alabi Ayo Kamal , Agbana Richard Dele , Bosan Joy
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) provides continuous pregnancy prevention to women for a period of 3 to 12 years, and it is very safe and effective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, determinants and willingness to use LARC among undergraduate female students attending public and private universities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria

Design

This survey employed a cross-sectional comparative study design.

Setting

Public and private universities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.

Participants

418 female students in their undergraduate years at public and private universities (208 students in public universities and 210 students in private universities).

Primary and secondary outcomes

A semistructured questionnaire was used to gather data, and analysis was done using IBM SPSS V.25. Prevalence, willingness and determinants of LARC were determined and compared between public and private universities at the level of bivariate analysis using χ2. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the predictor of LARC use. The statistical significance level was placed at a p value of <0.05.

Results

The mean age of female undergraduate students was higher in public universities (21.1±2.5 years) than in private universities (19.3±2.1 years). The prevalence of LARC usage among the sexually active respondents was 12.5% for public universities and 12.7% for private universities. Determinants and predictors of LARC uptake among the students in both university settings were age, marital status and good knowledge of LARC. Only about one quarter (24.0% in public universities and 24.8% in private universities) were willing to take up LARC among the students in both settings.

Conclusion

The prevalence and willingness to take up LARC in the public and private universities are still low. Determinants and predictors of LARC uptake include age, marital status and good knowledge of LARC.
Study protocol for key interventions to improve the follow-up adherence postcervical precancerous lesion treatment in Ethiopia: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Destaw Alemnew , Getachew Sefonias , Getachew Eyerusalem , Shita Abel , Midaksa Miresa , Rossner Sophie , Kroeber Eric Sven , Addissie Adamu , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna , Gizaw Muluken
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The follow-up adherence after treatment for a positive screening test is critical for preventing the development of screen‐detected abnormalities in cervical cancer. Yet, this poses a major challenge in developing countries like Ethiopia, emphasising the urgency for intervention strategies. Our trial aims to assess which strategies would be effective in improving adherence to follow-up after suspicious cervical lesion treatment in Ethiopia. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate key interventions to improve the follow-up adherence rate among women treated for suspicious cervical lesions in primary healthcare settings in Ethiopia.

Method and analysis

We will employ a pragmatic randomised control trial study design, using Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines for reporting and a Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) checklist for developing the protocol, to evaluate intervention effectiveness. These interventions are: (a) structured nurses-led telephone call reminders, (b) home-visit reminders led by health extension workers and (c) application-based automated short message service text reminders. The standard care involves only receiving oral follow-up advice and a baseline follow-up card. The planned start date is 1 November 2024, with an anticipated end date of 1 November 2025. Our study will include women aged 30–49 who are HIV-negative and those over 25 who are HIV-positive, and who have been treated for suspicious cervical lesions after a positive visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) screening, as per Ethiopian Ministry of Health guidelines for cervical cancer screening eligibility. The required sample size is 460, with 115 participants per arm. Study participants in the intervention group will receive the stated interventions plus the standard care, while the control group will receive only the standard care. The interventions will be delivered three times annually: 4 months from baseline, then at 8 months and finally at 12 months before the appointment due date. The primary outcome of our study is the proportion of adherence to follow-up recommendations, which will be measured by rescreening (VIA) after 1 year (11–13 months after the first screening). Descriptive statistics, χ2test (Fisher’s exact test), binary logistic regression analysis and intention-to-treat will be used to describe and interpret the results.

Ethics and dissemination

The trial protocol has been approved by the institutional review board of Addis Ababa University with protocol number (008/24/SPH). Trial results will be disseminated to study participants, national and international audiences through workshops, conferences and publications in reputable journals.

Trial registration number

NCT06515301.
Is longer really better? Results of a retrospective real-life cohort study evaluating the benefit of adding a weekly educational session to a traditional 8-week home-based pulmonary rehabilitation programme in people with COPD
Authors: Gephine Sarah , Le Rouzic Olivier , Peres Sophie , Chenivesse Cécile , Grosbois Jean-Marie
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To evaluate the short-term and long-term benefits of adding a weekly educational session to a traditional 8-week home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programme in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Primary hypothesis was that 8 home-based supervised sessions will be equivalent to 16 home-based supervised sessions at both short- and long-term after PR.

Design

Retrospective cohort study conducted on prospectively collected real-life data, from January 2010 to December 2021.

Setting

FormAction Santé, Pérenchies France.

Participants

Eligible individuals were aged >18 years with a diagnosis of COPD and referred to the home-based PR programme by their respiratory physician. Participants were retrospectively divided into two groups (Gr 1, 8 PR sessions, n=759, and Gr 2, 8 PR sessions+8 educational sessions, n=262).

Intervention

All participants received an 8-week personalised home PR programme. A subgroup of participants received one additional supervised home session per week, including education and motivational support for daily physical activities and walking.

Outcomes

Health-related quality of life, dyspnoea, anxiety and depressive symptoms, fatigue and exercise tolerance were assessed at baseline (M0), at the end of PR (M2), and 14 months (M14) after M0.

Results

Baseline characteristics and assessments were similar between groups with an exception for long-term oxygen therapy (Gr1: 69.8% vs Gr2 53.0%, p<0.001) and noninvasive ventilation (Gr1: 38.6% vs Gr2: 29.8%, p=0.015). At M2 and M14, all the assessments were improved in both groups (p<0.01). At M2, the improvement in health status and exercise tolerance was higher in Gr 2 compared with Gr 1 (p<0.05). From M0 to M14, 90 (11.9%) participants and 29 (11.1%) participants died in Gr 1 and Gr 2, respectively (p=0.794).

Conclusion

People with COPD benefited, at short and long terms, from both 8 or 16 supervised home-based PR sessions. Once-weekly home-based supervised sessions during 8 weeks, combined with unsupervised physical training sessions and self-management plan for the other health behaviours, might be the best compromise between patients, health professionals and policy makers.
Association of iron deficiency anemia with dental caries in the permanent first molars of children aged 7–12 years in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan: protocol for an analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Syed Sadaf , Azam Iqbal , Jamalvi Waseem Ahmed , Khan Farhan Raza , Saleem Ali Faisal , Tikmani Shiyam S
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and dental caries are prevalent diseases among Pakistani children. Limited research has been done to explore their association with permanent teeth. Given the caries susceptibility of permanent first molars and their role in the development of ideal occlusion, this study aimed to estimate caries frequency in these molars and assess its association with IDA in 7–12 year-old children.

Methods and analysis

This analytical cross-sectional study will include 141 children aged 7–12 years visiting physicians in the paediatric OPD of Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau, Civil Hospital Karachi. Using consecutive sampling, children who met initial screening criteria were further evaluated to determine eligibility for the study. Data collection will involve physical examinations (including weight and height), oral examinations (including the relevant oral hygiene and caries assessments) and laboratory examinations (including the prescribed tests). In addition, questions will be asked about sociodemographic characteristics, history of IDA, oral hygiene habits, smokeless tobacco use and the frequency of cariogenic dietary consumption. Exposure variable will include the presence of IDA, assessed using complete blood count, C-reactive protein and ferritin tests and treated as a dichotomous variable. Outcome variable will include dental caries in at least one permanent first molar, assessed using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index and also treated as a dichotomous variable. Analysis will include Poisson regression with robust variance, reporting prevalence ratios with 95% CIs for the association of IDA and dental caries in the permanent first molars. Frequency of children with carious permanent first molars with 95% CIs will also be reported.

Ethics and dissemination

This research has been approved by ethical review committee of Aga Khan University (Reference number: 2024-9692-30593) and the institutional review board of Dow University of Health Sciences (IRB Reference: IRB-3556/DUHS/Approval/2024/196) before participant recruitment. Results will be disseminated through seminars and peer-reviewed publications.
Influence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and maternal vaccination status on neonatal outcome
Authors: Mand Nadine , Pecks Ulrich , Hutten Matthias , Maier Rolf Felix , Rüdiger Mario
Published: January 2025

SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can adversely affect maternal and neonatal health, although risks vary depending on the variant of concern (VOC). Omicron, although highly infectious, causes fewer maternal and neonatal complications than earlier VOC, so vaccination may be considered unnecessary in planned pregnancy. Using data from the CRONOS registry, we compared pregnancy outcomes according to VOC and vaccination status. We found that vaccination during pregnancy reduced preterm birth rates compared with unvaccinated or vaccinated women with Omicron infection, without increasing severe neonatal outcomes. Given the risks associated with preterm birth, the study consistently supports vaccination recommendations for women planning pregnancy.
Durvalumab and tremelimumab in combination with metronomic oral vinorelbine for recurrent advanced cervical cancer: an open-label phase I/II study
Authors: Frenel Jean-Sébastien , Mathiot Laurent , Cropet Claire , Borcoman Edith , Hervieu Alice , Coquan Elodie , De La Motte Rouge Thibault , Saada-Bouzid Esma , Sabatier Renaud , Lavaud Pernelle , Jimenez Marta , Legrand François , Le Saux Olivia , Charafe Emmanuelle , Gonçalves Anthony
Published: January 2025

Background

The MOVIE phase I/II trial (NCT03518606) evaluated the safety and antitumor activity of durvalumab and tremelimumab combined with metronomic oral vinorelbine in patients with advanced tumors. We present the results of the recurrent advanced cervical cancer cohort.

Methods

Patients received tremelimumab (intravenously, 75 mg, every four weeks (Q4W); four cycles max) plus durvalumab (intravenously, 1,500 mg, Q4W; 26 cycles max) and metronomic oral vinorelbine (40 mg, every three weeks (3QW)) until disease progression. The primary efficacy endpoint was the clinical benefit rate (CBR) based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1, which was analyzed using a Bayesian approach

Results

A total of 31 patients were enrolled and treated in the cervical cancer cohort. The median number of previous lines of chemotherapy for advanced disease was 2 (0–6), with all (100%) and 12 (38.7%) patients pretreated with cisplatin and bevacizumab, respectively. At the data cut-off, the median follow-up duration was 12.8 (Q1–Q3, 6.1–34.6) months. The CBR was 53.1% (95% CI, 36.0% to 69.8%), using a non-informative prior distribution (beta(1, 1)). The overall response rate was 41.9%, five patients achieved a complete response (16.1%), and eight patients (25.8%) had a partial response irrespective of histological subtype or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Of the 31 patients, 28 (90.3%) experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), 13 (41.9%) reported grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (AEs), and 13 (41.9%) reported grade ≥3 chemotherapy-related AEs. The definitive discontinuation rate due to TRAEs was 16.1%.

Conclusions

Dual checkpoint blockade of PD-L1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 combined with metronomic oral vinorelbine demonstrated meaningful and durable clinical activity in patients with previously treated advanced cervical cancer. Toxicity was significant but manageable.
Safety and efficacy of the therapeutic DNA-based vaccine VB10.16 in combination with atezolizumab in persistent, recurrent or metastatic HPV16-positive cervical cancer: a multicenter, single-arm phase 2a study
Authors: Hillemanns Peter , Zikan Michal , Forget Frédéric , Denys Hannelore G , Baurain Jean-Francois , Rob Lukas , Woelber Linn , Blecharz Pawel , Bidzinski Mariusz , Chovanec Josef , Marmé Frederik , Link Theresa , Dannecker Christian , Rosholm Anders , Berg Kaja C G , Oliveri Roberto S , Lindemann Kristina
Published: January 2025

Background

Second-line treatment options for persistent, recurrent or metastatic (r/m) cervical cancer are limited. We investigated the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic DNA-based vaccine VB10.16 combined with the immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)16-positive r/m cervical cancer.

Patients and methods

This multicenter, single-arm, phase 2a study (NCT04405349, registered 26 May 2020) enrolled adult patients with persistent, r/m HPV16-positive cervical cancer. Patients received 3 mg VB10.16 (every 3 weeks (Q3W) for 12 weeks, hereafter every 6 weeks) combined with 1,200 mg atezolizumab (Q3W) for 48 weeks in total with a 12-month follow-up. The primary endpoints were incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) and objective response rate (ORR; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor V.1.1). ORR was assessed in the efficacy population, being all response-evaluable patients who received any administration of VB10.16 and atezolizumab and had at least one post-baseline imaging assessment.

Results

Between June 16, 2020, and January 25, 2022, 52 patients received at least one administration of study treatment. Of these, 47 patients had a minimum of one post-baseline tumor assessment. The median follow-up time for survival was 11.7 months. AEs related to VB10.16 were non-serious and mainly mild injection site reactions (9 of 52 patients). There were no signs of new toxicities other than what was already described with atezolizumab. ORR was 19.1% (95% CI 9.1% to 33.3%). Median duration of response was not reached (n.r.) (95% CI 2.2 to n.r.), median progression-free survival was 4.1 months (95% CI 2.1 to 6.2), and median overall survival was 21.3 months (95% CI 8.5 to n.r.). In programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive patients (n=24), ORR was 29.2% (95% CI 12.6 to 51.1). HPV16-specific T-cell responses were analyzed in 36 of 47 patients with an increase observed in 22/36 (61%).

Conclusions

The therapeutic DNA-based vaccine VB10.16 combined with atezolizumab was safe and well tolerated showing a promising clinically meaningful efficacy with durable responses in patients with persistent, r/m HPV16-positive cervical cancer, especially if PD-L1-positive.
Extending the European Competence Framework for Quantum Technologies: new proficiency triangle and qualification profiles
Authors: Greinert Franziska , Goorney Simon , Hilfert-Rüppell Dagmar , Ubben Malte S. , Müller Rainer
Published: January 2025

With the increasing industrial relevance of quantum technologies (QTs), a new quantum workforce with special qualification will be needed. Building this workforce requires educational efforts, ranging from short term training to degree programs. In order to plan, map and compare such efforts, personal qualifications or job requirements, standardization is necessary. The European Competence Framework for Quantum Technologies (CFQT) provides a common language for QT education. The 2024 update to version 2.5 extends it by the new proficiency triangle and qualification profiles: The proficiency triangle proposes six proficiency levels for three proficiency areas, specifying knowledge and skills for each level. Nine qualification profiles show prototypical qualifications or job roles relevant to the quantum industry, with the required proficiency, examples, and suggestions. This is an important step towards the standardization of QT education. The CFQT update is based on the results of an analysis of 34 interviews on industry needs. The initial findings from the interviews were complemented by iterative refinement and expert consultation.
Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion at UbiComp/ISWC: Best Practices for Accessible and Equitable Computing Conferences
Authors: Rode Jennifer A. , Castro Luis A. , Viswanath Varun , Valdez Gastelum Maria Concepcion , Mashhadi Afra , Tentori Monica , Van Laerhoven Kristof , Weibel Nadir
Published: January 2025

To increase diversity in computing, international conferences must support the accessibility needs of a diverse global population of researchers and practitioners.