bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Theories, Models, and Frameworks to Inform Implementation Cycles of Computerized Clinical Decision Support Systems in Tertiary Health Care Settings: Scoping Review
Authors: Fernando Manasha , Abell Bridget , Tyack Zephanie , Donovan Thomasina , McPhail Steven M , Naicker Sundresan
Published: October 2023

Background

Computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are essential components of modern health system service delivery, particularly within acute care settings such as hospitals. Theories, models, and frameworks may assist in facilitating the implementation processes associated with CDSS innovation and its use within these care settings. These processes include context assessments to identify key determinants, implementation plans for adoption, promoting ongoing uptake, adherence, and long-term evaluation. However, there has been no prior review synthesizing the literature regarding the theories, models, and frameworks that have informed the implementation and adoption of CDSSs within hospitals.

Objective

This scoping review aims to identify the theory, model, and framework approaches that have been used to facilitate the implementation and adoption of CDSSs in tertiary health care settings, including hospitals. The rationales reported for selecting these approaches, including the limitations and strengths, are described.

Methods

A total of 5 electronic databases were searched (CINAHL via EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Embase) to identify studies that implemented or adopted a CDSS in a tertiary health care setting using an implementation theory, model, or framework. No date or language limits were applied. A narrative synthesis was conducted using full-text publications and abstracts. Implementation phases were classified according to the “Active Implementation Framework stages”: exploration (feasibility and organizational readiness), installation (organizational preparation), initial implementation (initiating implementation, ie, training), full implementation (sustainment), and nontranslational effectiveness studies.

Results

A total of 81 records (42 full text and 39 abstracts) were included. Full-text studies and abstracts are reported separately. For full-text studies, models (18/42, 43%), followed by determinants frameworks (14/42,33%), were most frequently used to guide adoption and evaluation strategies. Most studies (36/42, 86%) did not list the limitations associated with applying a specific theory, model, or framework.

Conclusions

Models and related quality improvement methods were most frequently used to inform CDSS adoption. Models were not typically combined with each other or with theory to inform full-cycle implementation strategies. The findings highlight a gap in the application of implementation methods including theories, models, and frameworks to facilitate full-cycle implementation strategies for hospital CDSSs.
Factors Influencing the Answerability and Popularity of a Health-Related Post in the Question-and-Answer Community: Infodemiology Study of Metafilter
Authors: Yang Jinqing , Liu Zhifeng , Wang Qicong , Lu Na
Published: October 2023

Background

The web-based health question-and-answer (Q&A) community has become the primary and handy way for people to access health information and knowledge directly.

Objective

The objective of our study is to investigate how content-related, context-related, and user-related variables influence the answerability and popularity of health-related posts based on a user-dynamic, social network, and topic-dynamic semantic network, respectively.

Methods

Full-scale data on health consultations were acquired from the Metafilter Q&A community. These variables were designed in terms of context, content, and contributors. Negative binomial regression models were used to examine the influence of these variables on the favorite and comment counts of a health-related post.

Results

A total of 18,099 post records were collected from a well-known Q&A community. The findings of this study include the following. Content-related variables have a strong impact on both the answerability and popularity of posts. Notably, sentiment values were positively related to favorite counts and negatively associated with comment counts. User-related variables significantly affected the answerability and popularity of posts. Specifically, participation intensity was positively related to comment count and negatively associated with favorite count. Sociability breadth only had a significant impact on comment count. Context-related variables have a more substantial influence on the popularity of posts than on their answerability. The topic diversity variable exhibits an inverse correlation with the comment count while manifesting a positive correlation with the favorite count. Nevertheless, topic intensity has a significant effect only on favorite count.

Conclusions

The research results not only reveal the factors influencing the answerability and popularity of health-related posts, which can help them obtain high-quality answers more efficiently, but also provide a theoretical basis for platform operators to enhance user engagement within health Q&A communities.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF THYROID LESIONS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN WESTERN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Goyal Divya , Negi S R , Sajid Abdul , Ahuja Paridhi
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective of the study is to determine the proportion of different patterns (colloid goiter, colloid cyst, papillary carcinoma, etc.) of thyroid lesions among the patients who have undergone surgical treatment.
Methods: This was prospective and retrospective study to be conducted on 100 thyroidectomy specimens received in 5-year period (2016–2020) in Department of Pathology in Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur.
Results: Age ranged from 10 days to 85-year-old, Peak incidence of thyroid diseases was seen in the third to fifth decade, 78% non-neoplastic lesion, Adenomatous goiter was the most common non-neoplastic lesion (65%), Papillary carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion encountered.
Conclusion: Although non-invasive techniques like aspiration cytology provide a diagnosis in most, the ultimate answer often rests with histopathological examination of thyroidectomies, which forms the mainstay for a definitive diagnosis. Thorough gross and microscopic evaluation of thyroidectomies is mandatory even for non-neoplastic lesions as they sometimes harbor neoplasms.
INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE REDUCTION FOLLOWING COMBINED PHACOEMULSIFICATION AND TRABECULECTOMY SURGERY: A STUDY OF 300 CASES
Authors: JAIN SARITA , Shamshad Mohd. Abid
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction following combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy surgery in primary glaucomapatients with cataract.
Methods: A prospective, comparative study of 300 patients with primary glaucoma and cataract who underwent combined surgery phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy at our center between July 2016 and June 2019 were included in this study. Out of these, 124 patients had primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 176 patients had primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). Phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and trabeculectomy were performed in all cases. Follow-up visits were carried out at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Complete ophthalmic examination was done at each follow-up visit.
Results: The pre-operative mean IOP of all patients was 34.60±6.33 mmHg and mean IOP at last 6 month follow-up was 13.0±2.18 mmHg. There was a statistically significant difference between IOP at presentation and IOP at 6-month follow-up (p<0.001). No significant difference in post-operative IOP in POAG and PACG patients (p>0.001). Out of 300, 58 patients required anti-glaucoma medication at 1 month and this number decreased to 41 patients at 6 month follow-up. No significant intraoperative complications were noted.
Conclusion: Combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy surgery is safe and effective in controlling IOP with minimal complications in the management of primary glaucoma patients with cataract in expert hands.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SMALL MOLECULES AND NATURAL PLANT COMPOUNDS AS THERAPEUTIC INHIBITORS TARGETING RdRp AND NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEINS OF SARS COV 2: AN IN SILICO APPROACH
Authors: POLEBOYINA PAVAN KUMAR , PAWAR SMITA C
Published: October 2023

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virus-borne infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Nucleocapsid protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity in viral structural membrane, transcription, and replication have been identified as desirable targets for the development of novel antiviral strategies. The SARS-COV-2 N protein binds to the viral genome to promote the precise folding of the hammerhead ribozyme, preventing ineffective RNA confirmations, and directs them into a helical capsid shape or ribonucleoprotein complex, which is vital for viability. RNA synthesis requires RdRp to form phosphodiester bonds based on the RNA template. SARS-CoV-2 RNA synthesis, transcription, and replication depend on RdRp’s complex with nsp7 and nsp8.
Methods: Our study targeted SARS-COV-2 RdRp and N proteins with natural plant compounds and small molecules. Hyperchem software optimized their structures geometrically and energetically. Based on MolDock, Rerank, and H-bonding energy, the best ligands were selected using the Molegro virtual docker.
Results: In our analysis, we have identified nine compounds against N protein and seven compounds against RdRp protein that had more potent inhibitory effects with the lowest MolDock scores. The top 6 (Alpha solanine, Betanin, cairicoside I, Ginsenoside rb 1, Naringin, Polyphyllin I) compounds that have better inhibitory effects against both proteins.
Conclusion: We conclude that the top six compounds have greater inhibitory efficacy against N and RdRp protein than other compounds. However, in vitro and in vivo experimental studies, as well as clinical trials, are required to achieve the desired result.
A REVIEW ON FAST-DISSOLVING ORAL FILM
Authors: Kawale Komal A , Neha  B Autade  , Narhare Harshda s , Mhetrea Raksha L
Published: October 2023

Due to their increased comfort and flexibility, fast-dissolving oral films are the most cutting-edge oral solid dose form. It increases the effectiveness of APIs by dissolving in the oral cavity in under a minute after coming into touch with less saliva than fast-dispersing tablets, without chewing, and without the requirement for water for administration. Some patients, especially those who are young or elderly, have trouble chewing or swallowing solid dose forms. The fear of choking prevents many young and geriatric patients from taking these solid preparations. Consequently, orally dissolving pills have been developed. Due to consumer demand for a fast-dissolving product over conventional tablets or capsules, OTFs have gained a position as an alternative in the market. Depending on the film thickness and choice of the polymer matrix, these films can be adjusted to release the medicine more gradually. These films typically disintegrate in seconds to release the active ingredients. When a dosage form is placed on the tongue or in the oral cavity, it can swiftly hydrate, adhere, and dissolve, allowing for rapid local or systemic drug delivery. This type of dosage form is referred to as a film or strip.
STUDENTS’ FEEDBACK ON YOGA TRAINING AS PART OF THE FOUNDATION COURSE IN THE MBBS CURRICULUM
Authors: Ranjan Peeyush , Barnwal Rajan Kumar , Mahto Paras Nath , Choudhary Neelam
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study is to take responses in the form of feedback from the students with regard to yoga training during the foundation course (FC).
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. After taking consent from the students, the data were collected using self-administered and semi-structured questionnaires. The feedback form with the FC was distributed to all the newly joined 1st year MBBS students of MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.
Results: The majority (48.84%) of 1st year MBBS students liked Dhyana. All the participants agreed that yoga benefitted them.
Conclusion: Yoga helped students reduce stress and anxiety and improve overall physical health. It should be continued in MBBS foundation curriculum.
Genetic Diversity 20 Bean Varieties using Microsatellite Technique (SSR)
Authors: Nguyen Phuoc Trong , Le Khang Minh , Chi Hieu Bui , Nguyen Loan Hong Thi , Nguyen Lang thi
Published: October 2023

Agro-morphological characters and PCR based markers have provided valuable information about genetic diversity of bean collection in HATRI . Analysis on SSR molecular markers: out of a total of 44 primers conducted genetic diversity studies, only 28 primers amplified the product on 20 bean varieties. Through the SSR marker data with 28 primers used, 20 varieties are classified into 4 main groups. In the subgroup of the SSR on 28 molecular markers are noted with 4 distinct groups. Molecular markers to be able to indirectly assess the presence or absence of selected genes thanks to markers without environmental influences. The diversity index analyzes according to the high SSR method (H = 0.384) while the diversity index of stick beans. The results presented here are the first steps towards a better understanding of varieties introduced from countries and may help guide future research into the crop.
Kurz-Evaluierung Ideen Lab 4.0
Authors:   inspire research Beratungsgesellschaft m.b.H., Geyer Anton
Published: October 2023

Im Jahr 2018 startete die Österreichische Forschungsgesellschaft (FFG) das Programm Ideen Lab 4.0. Mit dem Programm wurde ein neuer Weg in der Forschungsförderung zur Bildung interdisziplinärer Kooperationsbeziehungen mit Partner:innen entlang einer gesellschaftlich und für den Innovationsstandort Österreich relevanten Fragestellung gegangen. Das Programm Ideen Lab 4.0 zielte darauf ab, mit Hilfe der Sandpit-Methode neue interdisziplinäre Kooperationsbeziehungen zwischen Forscher*innen und Unternehmen, die gemeinsam anwendungsorientierte Projekte entwickeln und umsetzen möchten, zu stimulieren. Für die Ideen Lab-Pilotausschreibung 2018 führte inspire research im Auftrag der FFG in den Jahren 2018 und 2019 bereits eine Begleitevaluierung durch. Mit dieser Kurz-Evaluierung werden die Ergebnisse der Begleitevaluierung ergänzt und die Dokumentation der Zielerreichung des Programms vervollständigt.
Variables que Inciden en la Inclusión Financiera. Caso de Estudio Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Ricardo Palma, Valencia-Arias Alejandro , Pacheco Diana ,   Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Cardona Valencia Daniel ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: October 2023

La inclusión financiera se ha relacionado exclusivamente con la bancarización, afirmando que el uso del sistema financiero expande el ahorro y el desarrollo. En este sentido, en el presente estudio se analizó la incidencia que, sobre la formación del ahorro, tienen ciertas variables socioeconómicas y de penetración bancaria; usando información de la base de datos Global Findex y aplicando un análisis de regresión logística binaria, así como un estudio de redes neuronales. La regresión presentó alta significancia y correlación entre el ahorro y la variable inclusión, mientras que, por su parte, la red logró estimar el 83,2 % de los casos como correctos, con relevancia en variables como préstamo y nivel educativo. Estos resultados señalan que variables como educación y nivel de ingresos inciden positivamente en el ahorro, mientras que la generación de créditos actúa como inhibidor del ahorro; una vez que existen altos diferenciales de tasas y los créditos en su mayoría sean de consumo con bajo direccionamiento a la inversión
Análisis CFD sobre la Influencia del Ángulo de Ataque en el Coeficiente de Potencia de Turbinas Helicoidales Gorlov
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Territorial del Estado Bolívar (UPTEB), Marturet Pérez Gustavo José , Marturet García Gustavo Elías ,   Universidad de Los Andes, Guerra Silva Rafael Antonio ,   Orfalea College of Business, Torres María Josefina ,   Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, Torres Monzón Carlos Francisco ,   Universidad de Los Andes
Published: October 2023

Las turbinas helicoidales Gorlov son empleadas para la generación de energía eléctrica a partir de la energía cinética de ríos y corrientes marinas. Esta investigación trató sobre el análisis de la influencia del ángulo de ataque de los perfiles de álabes en el coeficiente de potencia de turbinas helicoidales Gorlov, haciendo uso de la simulación en dinámica de fluidos computacionales (CFD, por sus siglas en inglés). La construcción de un dominio computacional se hizo partiendo del diámetro de la turbina. Como modelo de turbulencia para el modelo matemático se empleó el SST k- . Un estudio de sensibilidad del mallado del dominio indicó como suficientes las mallas de unos 65000 nodos para los cálculos del torque. Los álabes fueron rotados en ángulos de ataque de ±12, ± 9, ±6 y ±3º; posteriormente, se valoraron los coeficientes de potencia o rendimiento de la turbina para cada caso. Se determinó la influencia del ángulo de ataque del álabe de turbinas helicoidales en el coeficiente de potencia, como mejora de su rendimiento. Los resultados mostraron variaciones en el rendimiento de la turbina conforme cambiaba el ángulo de ataque; siendo de 6º el ángulo de ataque con el que se obtuvo mayor rendimiento
Characterization of the Aluminum Matrix Composite Reinforced with Silicon Nitride (AA8011/Si3N4) Synthesized by the Stir Casting Route
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Pabla B.S
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The result of different volume % of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) in AA 8011 alloy fabricated through stir casting process & then tested for hardness, wear test. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of these samples are done. It is found that the highest hardness and wear strength can be obtained with the addition of 80 μm particle size of Si3N4 with 6% of its total volume fraction. This increase in the properties is due to the increase in density caused by the addition of Si3N4 reinforcement particles. SEM study also shows that the distribution of Si3N4 with the matrix material. The maximum hardness is obtained at 40.7 HV in sample 04 having 6% of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) and 94% of Aluminium Alloy 8011, Similarly, maximum wear is recorded in the sample having 6% of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) and 94% of Aluminium Alloy 8011when the load is 4kg and RPM is 1800.
Application of nursing terminology based on the Indonesian nursing standards (diagnosis, outcome, and intervention) on the quality of filling out documentation
Authors: Yuwanto Mahmud Ady , Eliya Astutik Emi , Eko Prasetyo Rizki
Published: October 2023

Introduction: So as to account for the implementation, Indonesian nurses must be able to provide comprehensive, independent in nursing care. Objectives: This study aims to determine how using standard nursing terminology affects the quality of nursing documentation. Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent groups and no control group. All room nurses at the Kaliwates General Hospital in Jember participated in the research. Sampling strategy based on total sampling using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test, a questionnaire was analyzed as the instrument. Results: The p-value of the results was 0.000. After training and assistance with filling out nursing documentation, the quality score for filling out nursing documentation improves. High-quality nursing documentation promotes structured, consistent, and successful communication. Inadequate nurse-to-nurse communication causes care discontinuity and mistakes. Implementing standard Indonesian nursing terminology has several ramifications. Conclusions: Standard nursing language terminology has a significant impact on improving the quality of nursing documentation based on Indonesian Nursing Standards (diagnosis, outcome, and intervention). Hospitals are expected to establish nursing documentation standards and conduct regular monitoring.
Dragon fruit versus soybean: impact on blood glucose of diabetic patients
Authors: Srywahyuni Ade , Amelia Dona , Merianti Liza
Published: October 2023

Introduction:  Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious problem with a sharp increase in incidence. DM can attack almost all groups of people around the world. The number of DM sufferers continues to increase from year to year because of today's human lifestyle which tends to rarely move and unhealthy eating patterns. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of giving soy milk and red dragon fruit on fasting blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: The type of research used was quasy experiment with pre-test-post-test design with two group comparison treatment. The research subjects were Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers in the working area of the Guguk Panjang Health Center in Bukittinggi City with a total sample of 54 people, divided into an intervention group of 18 who were given 200 grams of red dragon fruit for 7 days, 18 were given 50 grams of soy milk dissolved in 250 ml of water and 18 people in the control group. Results: The results showed that the P-value <0.05 (P=0.035) and the t-value (2.198) ≥ t-table (2.110), meaning that there is an effect of giving soy milk on blood glucose levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers. There is an effect of giving red dragon fruit on fasting blood sugar levels and blood pressure where the p value was obtained for fasting sugar levels P = 0.018 (p <0.05) and the t count (2.198) was greater than t table (2.11). The results of the ANOVA test showed that the effectiveness of giving red dragon fruit was more effective with an average decrease in blood sugar of 32.56, compared to the effectiveness of giving soy milk with an average decrease in blood sugar of 22.50. Conclusions: In conclusion, red dragon fruit is more effective in lowering blood sugar levels and blood pressure in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension, because the content of red dragon fruit can repair damaged pancreatic cells.
La contaminación por plásticos en el mar: notas sobre la regulación jurídica internacional, europea y española
Authors: Chediek Juliana da Silva Ribeiro Gomes , Muliterno Thais
Published: October 2023

Rodeado de Estados con diferentes realidades sociales, económicas, políticas y medioambientales, el mar Mediterráneo es una región cuya biodiversidad está gravemente amenazada por los desechos marinos de plástico. Partiendo del análisis de los principales instrumentos internacionales y europeos, este estudio examina la legislación aprobada por España en 2018 y 2019 para transponer las directivas europeas de residuos y su eficacia en la lucha contra la contaminación por residuos plásticos y la preservación del mar Mediterráneo, tras las transposiciones de las principales directivas sobre residuos editadas por la Unión Europea entre 2018 y 2019. Se concluye que, aunque existe un marco con buenas intenciones para proteger el medio marino, parece que las acciones serán insuficientes para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos y recuperar el buen estado medioambiental de la región mediterránea.
Una relectura de estadísticas sobre la educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Téllez Rico Sandra Milena , Guevara Ramírez René
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: situar agenciamientos y antagonismos sectoriales en la configuración de la educación superior colombiana. Metodología: estudio descriptivo que relee estadísticas de la educación superior recopiladas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, mediante un trabajo heurístico favorable a la construcción de una metodología relacional. Hallazgos: se identifica un repunte en la matrícula privada en la educación superior colombiana durante el periodo 2010-2014, en tanto que prefiguración de un posible agotamiento del modelo de incremento sectorial de cobertura instaurado en 2002; también se observa la instauración del predominio del sector privado en la oferta de programas académicos de pregrado durante la segunda mitad de los años setenta del siglo pasado. Conclusiones: se reafirma la necesidad de identificar casos universitarios específicos para situarlos dentro de una problemática delimitada.
El brillo de las verdades y la vida biográfica de la escuela
Authors: Jaramillo Echeverri Luis Guillermo
Published: October 2023

El presente escrito trata de la escuela y sus posibilidades de encuentro. En ella, los niños experimentan vivencias relacionadas con acontecimientos que van dando sentido a sus vidas, gracias a la incorporación de verdades que marcan de manera profunda su existencia. Verdades que van configurando una biografía escolar que poco es percibida por el maestro o por el investigador en educación. Seguir la huella a estas verdades implica un desafío tanto para la educación como para la investigación, ya que se requiere de una sensibilidad que desborde nuestros modos acostumbrados de relación y comprensión escolar.
Reconocimiento de derechos indígenas: construcción de una nueva geopolítica de la diversidad para y desde América Latina
Authors: Dávila Cruz Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2023

El propósito de la investigación que respalda esta reflexión es plantear la necesidad de construir una geopolítica de la diversidad a partir del reconocimiento de los derechos étnicos, vulnerados por los poderes hegemónicos desde la época de la Conquista de América, bajo la imposición de modelos coloniales que han actuado como fuentes del proceso de modernidad europea, transformando la realidad de los pueblos originarios que habitaban el territorio denominado por el imperio español como el Nuevo mundo. Lo anterior se intentará analizar desde la teoría decolonial, la cual nos permite realizar un análisis sociopolítico de los siglo XVI, XVII y XVIII, mostrando las relaciones de poder que se fundamentaron en el continente latinoamericano hasta la consolidación del Estado en los siglos XIX y XX. La metodología que se propone es la fenomenología-hermenéutica o también conocida como la fenomenología ontológica, con la intención de revelar los fenómenos ocultos (tensiones) y sus significados entre el campo jurídico-territorial indígena y el campo jurídico-territorial estatal.
BATANG ARAU RIVER REVITALIZATION POLICY IN PADANG CITY
Authors: Zuniva Atifa Awdia Ramadani
Published: October 2023

Rapid population growth is different from the availability of clean water. In addition, water availability is also influenced by natural factors due to the dry season. Water purification problems often occur in urban and rural areas due to a lack of services to distribute water purification installations. Almost all islands in Java and Sumatra are experiencing a water crisis, such as the Batang Arau river in the city of Padang. The issues raised are related to how the local government's policy revitalizes the Batang Arau River, which is contaminated by garbage, household, and industrial waste. Revitalization efforts from the government and related agencies still need to improve in the form of budgets and a need for more public and business awareness about river cleanliness. It is necessary to establish an institution that has legality and deals explicitly with watershed pollution as well as possible—changing the lifestyle of people related to the river by providing counseling and knowledge to manage waste and not throw it into the river and to care more about the surrounding environment. With its own interests, the government needs to pay more attention to the environmental impacts of these interests, especially those related to river conservation.
DTraComp: Comparing distributed execution traces for understanding intermittent latency sources
Authors: Ekhlasi Maryam , Daneshgar Fatemeh Faraji , Dagenais Michel , Lamothe Maxime , Ezzati-Jivan Naser , Khouzam Matthew
Published: October 2023

Microservice architectures can enhance software development by using
multiple programming languages and deployment infrastructures, isolating
failures within individual services, and accelerating the debugging and
fixing of issues in independent services. Locating performance
degradation becomes challenging, due to the presence of numerous service
instances with complex interactions compounded by parallelism. Although
end-to-end tracing allows tracing execution paths across services, and
detecting their latencies, it is limited to high-level information.
Indeed, end-to-end tracing cannot pinpoint the root causes of
performance degradation between the processes. Moreover, many existing
performance analysis tools lack a comparison feature to give developers
a comprehensive view of the performance differences between two groups
of requests. This paper introduces DTraComp (Distributed Trace
Compare), an open-source framework, compatible with various
microservice trace standards, and integrated with Eclipse Trace
Compass™. Our framework offers robust visual comparison capability for
two groups of executions within distributed systems, which includes
nested spans executed in parallel. Furthermore, it provides system
kernel details for each thread involved in the execution of each span,
allowing it to pinpoint the reasons for performance degradation across
distributed systems. We used our proposed framework to analyze five
practical use cases. By evaluating the efficiency of our tool, it was
determined that the overall time complexity scales linearly O(n) with
the trace size, indicating its suitability for deployment in production
environments. It is currently used within Ericsson company for
performance evaluation purposes.
Exploring Maize Stress Response Phenotypes via High-Throughput Imaging
Authors: Lima Leonardo W. , Murphy Katie , Quinones Alejandra , Sumner Josh , Hirsch Cory D. , Gehan Malia
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate the physiological and morphological
responses of maize seedlings to environmental stressors. High-throughput
imaging analysis was used to characterize the stress response phenotypes
of 47 distinct maize genotypes exposed to water limitation (40% field
capacity), heat (38 °C), and the combination of the two stresses. RGB
and NIR images were collected daily, and analyzed with open-source,
open-development software PlantCV. Our investigation focused on
quantitative measurements of daily area, daily water loss, evaluation of
estimated water use efficiency (WUE), and near-infrared (NIR)
reflectance as an estimation of water content in tissues. Quantitatively
comparing two non-normal distributions, like the NIR histogram data, can
be challenging but important, since metrics like median mode values
often do not capture variation across a sample. One of the primary
obstacles lies in defining an appropriate metric to accurately quantify
the variation between two distributions. To analyze NIR reflectance, we
evaluated the dissimilarity between pairwise NIR histograms by utilizing
the earth mover’s distance (EMD) analysis. The EMD quantifies the
difference between two NIR reflectance distributions, and therefore
indirectly evaluates the difference in leaf water content for stress vs
control conditions. Overall, most genotypes displayed growth reduction
under drought and heat. Interestingly, specific lines exhibited
heightened WUE under water limitation, suggesting response to water
scarcity. EMD results showing dissimilarities in pairwise NIR
reflectance of control vs drought, can be used to describe variation in
dynamic changes in water content levels among these groups.
Clinical and etiological features of peadiatric facial neuropathy and their role in predicting outcomes
Authors: Irikova M. A. , Skripchenko E. Yu. , Voitenkov V. B. , Marchenko N. V. , Skripchenko N. V. , Goleva O. V. , Petrov I. B.
Published: October 2023

The aim: to characterize the clinical and etiological features of facial palsy (FP) in children of different ages at the present stage and their correlation with the outcome and duration of the disease.

Materials and methods: the data of 68 children with FP were obtained. The neurological examination with an assessment of the level of facial nerve damage and the severity of FP using the House-Brackmann scale (HB), the concomitant symptoms and the etiological verification of a possible infectious agent were performed to all children. Also, their correlation with the outcomes and duration of the disease were assessed.

Results: in the etiological structure infectious FP are more common in children under 12 years of age, with a predominance of herpesviruses and enteroviruses, whereas, more than half of the cases in children over the age of 12 years are idiopathic (Bell’s palsy), less often herpesviruses. A longer course and the probability of an unfavorable are significantly more often observed in the group of children under 12 years of age. There was also a significant correlation between the severity of FP according to HB with the outcomes and duration of the disease.

Conclusion: The results confirm the importance and necessity of laboratory confirmation of a possible etiological agent associated with the development of FP. The severity of FP doesn’t depend on the age of the child, but correlates with the outcome and duration of the disease, more less with the synkinesia. A promising direction for further research is to clarify the climatic factors affecting the incidence of FP.
Durability of first-line antiretroviral treatment in the Russian Federation: retrospective study
Authors: Sizova N. V. , Plotnikova Yu. K. , Shimonova T. E. , Chernova O. E. , Ivanova E. S. , Obizhaeva E. S. , Achikyan V. F.
Published: October 2023

Objective. To assess durability of antiretroviral therapy in first line in HIV-infected patients in real clinical practice in the Russian Federation and determine association between basic clinical and demographic characteristics and durability of treatment.

Materials and methods. A non-interventional retrospective study was conducted collecting data from primary medical records of HIV-infected patients who signed informed consent form and had started antiretroviral therapy in first line. Patients were enrolled if the third component was a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Also, patients must have been followed up for at least 96 since start of treatment. Durability of therapy was retrospectively assessed at 48±8 and 96±8.

Results. 536 patients were enrolled. Percentage of patients without change of therapy was approximately 76% and 60%, and the mean duration of therapy without changes was approximately 47 and 79 weeks at 48±8 and 96±8 weeks,  correspondingly. Durability of treatment was not different for NNRTI+2NRTIs and PI/r+2NRTIs. Only age ≥ 40 years as a basic characteristic was associated with ART change prior to 96 weeks: OR=1.391, 95% CI 1.005-1.925.

Conclusions. In real clinical practice in Russia, durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy corresponds published scientific data (in terms of percentage of patients without change of treatment and its duration without change). Durability of treatment and factors associated with its early switch or stop should be investigated in prospective studies further.
Features of the functioning of the innate and adaptive immunity system in patients with COVID-19 of the older age group
Authors: Scheglovitova O. N. , Kolobukhina L. V. , Babayants A. A. , Frolova I. S. , Isaeva E. I. , Kruzhkova I. S. , Samkov A. A. , Antipyat N. A. , Tyurin I. N. , Narovliansky A. N. , Ershov F. I.
Published: October 2023

Goal. Characteristics of innate, cellular and adaptive immunity in patients of the older age group with COVID19.

Materials and methods. Blood leukocytes were induced by Newcastle disease virus (α-interferon), phytohemagglutinin (γ-interferon), SARS CoV 2: RBD antigens and S-protein; interferon activity in human fibroblast culture and enzyme immunoassay were evaluated. In serum, IgG antibodies to SARS CoV2 and autoantibodies to interferon and to the endothelium of blood vessels were determined using a mono-layer of human umbilical vein cells. Statistical processing was performed in Excel 2016.

Results. A decrease in the production of  α-interferon and γ-interferon was revealed: 1 week -74.2±15.1; 3 week-144.0±35.7 (p=0.01); control – 266.6 ±82 (relative to 3 weeks p=0.004) and IFN γ: 1 week -6.8±2; 3 week – 14.4 ±3.5 (p=0.03); control – 28.87.15 (relative to 3 weeks (p=0.007). Decreased production of γ-interferon by leukocytes of patients with induction by SARS CoV2 RBD and S-trimer anti-gens was revealed. Antibodies to SARS CoV2 were detected starting from the 2nd week of the disease, a large spread of indicators was noted. Autoantibodies to α2-interferon and to vascular surface antigens were detected.

Conclusion. The state of innate immunity in patients of the older age group with severe and moderate COVID-19 was characterized by a decrease in the activity of the interferon system. Decreased activity of cellular immunity to SARS CoV2 antigens was noted. Adaptive immunity was characterized by the development of an imbalance in the form of the appearance of autoantibodies to α-interferon and vascular endothelium.
Analysis of architectural urban spaces based on space syntax and scenario methods
Authors: Oliynyk Olena , Troshkina Olena
Published: October 2023

The article aims to examine the scenario design process, with the goal of creating an architectural environment with a better perception of urban spaces. Space analysis and generalization of the plot structure of films, as well as their types and genres, which correlate with the plot composition of the urban architectural space and spatial syntax, were used as an approach in the study. This made it possible to investigate the relationships between spatial planning and a number of social, economic and environmental phenomena. As a result of studying the plot composition of a film, it was established that its structural elements and the features of those elements can be used to analyze the architectural environment, in order to study its plot structure based on configurational models of space. Thus, the legitimacy of using cinematographic analysis for the analysis of the architectural environment was confirmed. The plot structure of the architectural environment of the city is understood as its urban structure, which, like in cinematography, can develop linearly, i.e., from the beginning of the route to the end point along one line of a street, or be more complex (non-linear), whereby all elements are placed in an arbitrary order. In cinematography, the idea of the film organizes the plot and sets the formula for the finale; however, in the architectural environment, a person, moving in the city, perceives this environment through the spatial and temporal aspect that has developed historically. Hence, the architectural and artistic appearance of the city is of crucial importance.
Revisiting Uşak Terakki-i Ziraat Turkish Joint Stock Company (1925–1931): A Case Study of Turkey’s Early Financial Reporting Culture
Authors: Güvemli Batuhan , Aslan Muhsin
Published: October 2023

This research offers an in-depth examination of the early financial reporting culture in Republican Turkey, using the Uşak Terakki-i Ziraat Turkish Joint Stock Company (Uşak Sugar Company) as a case study. The analysis of the company's financial statements from 1925 and 1931 reveals the development of financial reporting practices during a transformative period, marked by industrialization efforts and the introduction of the 1926 Turkish Commercial Code and Income Tax Law. The study identifies both progress and challenges in financial reporting, including detailed fixed assets classifications, accounting irregularities, inadequate auditing and working capital management practices. The findings indicate that these issues, alongside macroeconomic factors, have contributed to the company’s liquidation in 1932. This failure could have indirectly catalyzed a shift toward statist economic policies in the 1930s.

JEL Classifications: M41; O14.
The Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes-Related Complications: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kwon Soonil , Lee So‑Ryoung , Choi Eue‑Keun , Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Lee Seung
Woo , Jung Jin Hyung , Han Kyung‑Do , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations between concurrent atrial fibrillation and diabetes-related complications among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Research Design and Methods: This nationwide observational cohort study utilized the health check-up database from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who underwent health check-ups between 2009 and 2012 were investigated. The patients with atrial fibrillation were matched in a 1:5 ratio with those without atrial fibrillation using propensity scores. Study outcomes included macrovascular complications, microvascular complications (diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy), and diabetic foot. The risks of clinical outcomes were measured using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: A total of 65,760 patients with diabetes mellitus were analyzed (54,800 without atrial fibrillation and 10,960 with atrial fibrillation). After well-balanced propensity-score matching, patients with atrial fibrillation were associated with significantly higher risks of macrovascular complications (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.09–1.16), diabetic nephropathy (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16–1.30), and diabetic foot complications (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09–1.17) compared to patients without atrial fibrillation, while the risk of diabetic retinopathy was comparable (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.96–1.03). The patients with atrial fibrillation had a significantly higher risk of diabetic foot amputation (HR 4.12, 95% CI 1.98–8.56).

Conclusions: Among patients with diabetes mellitus, concurrent atrial fibrillation was associated with increased risks for diabetes-related macrovascular and microvascular complications and diabetic foot complications. Such patients require holistic management to reduce the risk of adverse outcomes.
Comparative Efficacy of Certain IPM Strategies Against Tobacco Caterpillar and Head Borer in Sunflower
Authors: Dhinda B. , Nayak U. S. , Das C. K. , Panda S.
Published: October 2023

The Experiments was conducted at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Ranital, Bhadrak, OUAT(Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology), Odisha, India during the summer seasons(Jan-may) of 2019–20 and 2020–21 to evaluate the comparative efficacy some IPM modules against the head borer and leaf eating caterpillar in sunflower. Five IPM modules(three chemo-intensive and two bio-intensive modules) were evaluated against the existing pesticides application-based farmers’ practice. The results revealed that the IPM module (M2) comprising of installation of pheromone traps for pest monitoring @ 5  ha-1, poison baits (10 kg rice bran+2 kg jaggery+100 g Thiodicarb 70WP) for attracting and killing of tobacco caterpillar larvae and alternate spray of neem oil formulations (1500 ppm) @ 1.5 l ha-1 and the novel insecticide mixed formulation (Novaluron 5.25%+Emamectin benzoate 0.9% SC) @ 825 ml ha-1 at 15 days interval had significantly suppressed tobacco caterpillar (5.46% leaf damage i.e.. 67.59% reduction over FP) and sunflower head (2.93% head damage i.e. 75.32% deduction over FP). The IPM module ( M3) comprising of pheromone trap installation @ 5 each ha-1,poison baits (10 kg rice bran+2 kg jaggery+200 ml deltamethrin 5EC) and alternate spray of neem oil formulations (1500 ppm) @ 1.5 l ha-1 and Flubendiamide 480 SC @ 150 ml ha-1) also had statistically similar efficacy against the target pests with 6.40% leaf damage (62.02% reduction over FP) and 3.54% head damage(70.17% reduction over FP). Though, the BIPM module had moderate efficacy against the insect-pests under study, retained maximum population of predatory fauna like predatory bug (Eocanthecona furcellata) and lady bird beetles in the sunflower ecosystem.
Liderança no exercício docente no ensino superior
Authors: Munhoz Ana Mayra Berti , Santiago Eneida Silveira
Published: October 2023

O trabalho docente representa um campo fundamental na sociedade, dada sua importância na formação de futuros profissionais e, especialmente, cidadãos. Dessa forma, a intenção do presente artigo consiste em levantar as questões oriundas do exercício de liderança na atribuição docente e refletir acerca desta liderança no Ensino Superior no que tange à sua importância para o processo formativo, bem como a inspiração que esse ofício pode proporcionar aos educandos, partindo da ideia de que a docência é um exercício de liderança. A proposta metodológica com que analisamos tal exercício, consiste na perspectiva qualitativa de caráter descritivo-analítico. Dois professores foram entrevistados por meio de um roteiro semi-dirigido com vistas a levantar e compreender as experimentações oriundas de suas trajetórias de vida que culminaram no trabalho docente que atualmente exercem. Como fundamentação teórica e metodológica de análise, utilizou-se a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, por seu olhar quanto aos modos de ser dos sujeitos provocados pelo encontro com o trabalho e as exigências pertinentes aos processos deste. Como resultado, a amostra revelou significativa concordância com os aspectos de liderança na prática docente que exercem, embora reiterassem que existem consideráveis dificuldades nesse ofício. Essa clareza requer uma mobilização por parte dos professores líderes que por vezes se sentem sobrecarregados e redescobrindo meios de não adoecerem. Tais resultados têm potência para que novos estudos sejam elaborados no sentido de ampliar a discussão e contribuir para ações docentes, mas, sobretudo, humanas, melhores e mais afetivas.
Especificidades dos erros cometidos e do tempo despendido na actividade discriminação perceptiva de símbolos gráficos em alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem
Authors: Pereira Fernando Oliveira
Published: October 2023

A discriminação perceptiva de símbolos depende da organização perceptiva do sujeito da ação como sistema bio-psico-social complexo. Objectivo: estudo de especificidades da discriminação perceptiva de símbolos em alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem. Amostra: 550 participantes – 275 com e 275 sem dificuldades de aprendizagem; idades 7 – 15 anos; escolaridade – 1º, 2º e 3º ciclo do ensino básico. Instrumentos metodológicos – entrevista clínico-psicológica, observação psicológica, Teste de Símbolos e Dígitos (SDMT). Resultados: Alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem tendem a evidenciar mais emparelhamentos dígito-símbolo incorretos e menos corretos e a despenderem bastante mais tempo na execução da tarefa; portanto, executam menos emparelhamentos corretos por minuto, comparativamente a alunos sem dificuldades de aprendizagem. Conclusão: Nas dificuldades de aprendizagem, cometem-se mais erros e assinalam-se menos emparelhamentos correctos na tarefa de emparelhamento, quando há limites no tempo de execução; caso contrário, a disponibilidade de tempo compensa, reduzindo a quantidade de incorreções. Nas dificuldades de aprendizagem, é necessário mais tempo para executar a tarefa de emparelhamento, devido ao processamento de informação mais lento; tempo consumido na decodificação e identificação das correspondências dígito-símbolo e a discriminação perceptiva não se infirma com a rapidez necessária à simultaneidade e automatização do ato.