bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Relationships between the Non-Work Trip Frequency and Accessibility Based on Mobile Phone Data
Authors: Li Wenxiang , Li Ye , Ban Xuegang (Jeff) , Deng Haopeng , Shu Hanyu , Xie Dongcan
Published: June 2018

Non-work trips have increased remarkably over recent years, even exceeding the amount of daily work-related trips. It is therefore important to understand the relationship between the non-work trip frequency and accessibility of the travelers. However, the conclusions of previous studies were inconsistent. The causes of this inconsistency have been speculated to be the limitations of sample size, aggregated accessibility, and home-based trips. To explore the actual relationships between the non-work trip frequency and accessibility, this study employs a more reliable method based on mobile phone data. First, positioning data of mobile phone users was used to identify activity points, home and workplace locations, and non-work trips of the users. Furthermore, the socioeconomic attributes and preferences of users were extracted from mobile phone user feature data. Second, accessibility was measured at the individual level based on a real-time travel-cost estimation method. Subsequently, the negative binomial regression model was employed to study the effects of accessibility, socioeconomic attributes, and preferences of users on their travel frequencies. A case study of the central business district of Lujiazui in Shanghai was conducted to prove the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the non-work trip frequency increases with accessibility. Moreover, users with higher consumption levels are more sensitive to accessibility when they decide the frequency of the non-work trips. However, the influence of accessibility on non-work trip frequency tends to weaken with the decrease of accessibility. These findings contribute to a more reliable transportation policy design and planning.
Field Evaluation of the Dilemma Zone Protection System at Suburban Intersections
Authors: Park Sung Yoon , Lan Chien-Lun , Rao Ranteg S. , Chang Gang-Len
Published: June 2018

Despite the fact that both traffic researchers and highway agencies have devoted considerable efforts over the past few decades to improving intersection safety, development of effective strategies to contend with this vital issue remains a challenging task. This research presents the field evaluation results of a Dilemma Zone Protection System (DZPS) implemented at two hazardous intersections in Maryland, U.S.A. The deployed DZPS can offer both proactive and reactive protections to drivers approaching a signalized intersection during a yellow phase. Field evaluations conducted at two intersections with DZPS deployed confirmed a 100% detection rate for red-light-running vehicles, timely activation of the all-red extension to prevent right-angle crashes, and effectively discouraging drivers from taking aggressive “pass” decisions during the yellow or all-red phases. The potential extension of the DZPS for speed harmonization on arterial traffic flows is also discussed.
Bus Capacity Estimation using Stochastic Queuing Models for Isolated Bus Stops in China
Authors: Wang Chao , Ye Zhirui , Fricker Jon D. , Zhang Yunlong , Ukkusuri Satish V.
Published: June 2018

When serving passengers at a bus stop, a dwelling bus may cause a bottleneck that constrains traffic flow near the bus stop. A major element in bus system capacity is bus stop capacity (veh/h). Therefore, this study proposes a method estimating the capacity of bus stops isolated from the influences of traffic signals and other bus stops. Data collected for the seven most common bus stop configurations in China were used to validate the proposed model. The results indicated that the arrival process obeys a Poisson distribution and the service times fit a lognormal distribution. Stochastic queuing models for both single-berth and multi-berth stops were developed to estimate bus stop capacity and bus delay time. To enable comparison, the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) model for bus stop capacity estimation was also used. The results showed that the proposed method was more accurate and reliable, with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 8.44% compared with a MAPE of 17.42% from the HCM method. In addition, the proposed method reduced root mean squared error (RMSE) by 58.8%, mean absolute error (MAE) by 57.9%, and variance of absolute percentage error (VAPE) by 52.6% compared with the values from the HCM model. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to investigate the effects of bus arrival rate, bus service time, and the number of bus berths on the capacity of bus stops. The results indicated that the proposed method can be used as a guide for designing bus stop facilities under specified conditions.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Train Timetable with Consideration of Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Pavlides Aris , Chow Andy H. F.
Published: June 2018

This paper presents a multi-objective optimization framework for mainline train timetabling with consideration of customer satisfaction. The customers’ perspectives considered include their perceptions of service punctuality, waiting times, and comfort of journeys. The optimization formulation is subject to constraints representing operational requirements and signaling systems. The optimization model is applied to the Brighton main line network in south-east England as a case study, and the results demonstrate how the proposed optimization framework can help government and train operators to derive more effective and equitable timetables with consideration of customer satisfaction.
Perceptions of Interagency Collaboration: Relationships Between Secondary Transition Roles, Communication, and Collaboration
Authors: Plotner Anthony J. , Mazzotti Valerie L. , Rose Chad A. , Teasley Kimberly
Published: June 2018

A web-based survey was disseminated to examine the relationship between high school special education teachers and direct-service transition professionals’ understanding of stakeholders’ roles in transition, frequency of communication with transition stakeholders, and level of collaboration among stakeholders. Path analyses were also conducted to determine the predictive relationship between understanding of roles, frequency of communication, and level of collaboration between high school special education and direct-service transition professionals. Results indicated a positive, significant relationship between the identified variables (i.e., role understanding, frequency of communication, and level of collaboration). Limitations, future research, and implications for practice are discussed.
On-line doctors: A disruptive innovation?
Authors: Kobewka Daniel , Forster Alan J.
Published: June 2018

Banking, transportation, and retail have each been transformed by technology enabling on-demand access 24/7 at lower prices. This trend has not yet revolutionized the medical field, but on-line physician services are increasingly common in Canada and have the potential to change the way care is delivered. In this article, we will describe the state of on-line physician services in Canada and outline associated ethical considerations, including autonomy, beneficence, maleficence, and justice. We will suggest steps to mitigate risk so that these services add value for patients and the health system as a whole.
More than representation
Authors: Harris Oliver J. T.
Published: June 2018

In this article I examine how Deleuzian-inspired assemblage theory allows us to offer a new challenge to the enlightenment categories of thought that have dominated archaeological thinking. The history of archaeological thought, whilst superficially a series of paradigm shifts, can be retold as arguments constructed within distinctions between ideas and materials, present and past, and culture and nature. At the heart of all of these has been the critical issue of representation, of how the gap between people and the world can be bridged. In the last decade or so, however, archaeologists have begun to make a more significant challenge to these ideas, and have attempted to offer a critique of our enlightenment heritage that is ontologically, rather than epistemologically, inspired. Drawing on the manner in which assemblages allow for the vibrancy of matter, are non-anthropocentric, multiscalar and more-than-representational, this article argues that Deleuzian thought offers the best chance to rework our understanding of the past in this manner. This is explored through a case study of three scales of analysis of Neolithic Britain.
Prosocial Predictions by Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops spp.) Based on Motion Patterns in Visual Stimuli
Authors: Johnson Christine M. , Sullivan Jessica , Jensen Jane , Buck Cara , Trexel Julie , St. Leger Judy
Published: June 2018

In this study, paradigms that test whether human infants make social attributions to simple moving shapes were adapted for use with bottlenose dolphins. The dolphins observed animated displays in which a target oval would falter while moving upward, and then either a “prosocial” oval would enter and help or caress it or an “antisocial” oval would enter and hinder or hit it. In subsequent displays involving all three shapes, when the pro- and antisocial ovals moved offscreen in opposite directions, the dolphins reliably predicted—based on anticipatory head turns when the target briefly moved behind an occluder—that the target oval would follow the prosocial one. When the roles of the pro- and antisocial ovals were reversed toward a new target, the animals’ continued success suggests that such attributions may be dyad specific. Some of the dolphins also directed high arousal behaviors toward these displays, further supporting that they were socially interpreted.
Passive gain-scheduling filtering for jumping linear parameter varying systems with fading channels based on the hidden Markov model
Authors: Shen Liang , Yang Xiaofei , Wang Jing , Xia Jianwei
Published: June 2018

This work is aimed to address the passive gain-scheduling filtering problem for Markov jump linear parameter varying systems with fading channels. A hidden Markov process is employed to describe mode information exchange between the system and the presented filter. By the aid of stochastic analysis theory, some sufficient conditions for guaranteeing the existence of an available passive gain-scheduling filter are established. On the basis of the designed filter, the passivity of the filtering error system is ensured in the presence of randomly occurring fading channels. Finally, an explained example is put forward to verify the effectiveness of the filter.
Diagnostic value of a simplified screening test for metabolic syndrome in a Dutch patient cohort with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Amzand Salcey G , Luteijn Bert L , van der Ven Els , Bogers Jan P , Selten Jean-Paul
Published: June 2018

Objective:

The aim of this study was to establish the specificity and sensitivity of a simplified screening test based on diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference for predicting metabolic syndrome.

Method:

Demographic, anthropometric (waist circumference and systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and laboratory (triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein and fasting glucose) data were collected from a large cohort of Dutch patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder in order to determine whether patients fulfilled the Western criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) for metabolic syndrome. The sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio of a positive or negative test outcome and positive and negative predictive values of the simplified test (only waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure) were calculated.

Results:

Of 252 recruited patients, 55% met the IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome. The sensitivity and the specificity of the simplified test were 65% and 85%, respectively. The likelihood ratios of positive and negative test outcomes were 4.35 and 0.41, respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values were 87% and 67%, respectively.

Conclusion:

This simplified screening test did not have diagnostic validity for metabolic syndrome in a Dutch cohort of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Best pattern for locating piezoelectric patches on a plate for maximum critical buckling loads, using particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Jafari Fesharaki Javad , Mobini Dehkordi Hamed , Zohari Mohadeseh , Karimi Said
Published: June 2018

Locating piezoelectric patches on structures under compressive forces as a sensor or actuator can predict or increase the buckling load of the structure. In this article, using particle swarm optimization algorithm, the location and pattern of piezoelectric patches on a plate to achieve maximum buckling load are investigated. For boundary condition of the plate, four different conditions are considered. The piezoelectric patches have more effect on critical buckling load for Clamp-Free condition and less effect for Clamp-Clamp condition. The voltage of patches has a linear effect on increasing the maximum critical buckling load. The results show that locating piezoelectric patches near the clamp edge has more influence on critical load than locating the patches near the simply support or free edge. The results in this article are validated by comparing to the results reported in the previous publication.
Reading landscape design representations as an interplay of validity, readability and interactivity: a framework for visual content analysis
Authors: Raaphorst Kevin , Roeleveld Gerda , Duchhart Ingrid , Van der Knaap Wim , Van den Brink Adri
Published: June 2018

Considering the importance of visual representations for communication between stakeholders in landscape planning and design processes, the authors identify a lack of critical visual research methods supportive of the disciplines involved. As part of such a method, they have developed an analytical framework based on semiotic and iconographic theory that enables a visual content analysis and iconographic interpretation of landscape design representations. Two projects from Rebuild by Design, a participatory transdisciplinary design competition organized in the New York City area after hurricane Sandy, were analysed to demonstrate this framework. The article presents a semiotic vocabulary based on four categories: medium, mode, formulation and knowledge with which to ‘read’, discuss and potentially create design representations. This enables a syntactic analysis for assessing the semiotic complexity of design representations in terms of validity, readability and interactivity. This assessment enables further qualitative study of the production and interpretation of landscape design representations in practice.
Risk Factors for Male Perpetration and Female Victimization of Intimate Partner Homicide: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Spencer Chelsea M. , Stith Sandra M.
Published: June 2018

Intimate partner homicide (IPH) is a serious problem throughout the world. Research has identified the continued need to examine risk factors for IPH to identify individuals who may be at a greater risk of IPH perpetration or victimization. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis on risk factors for male IPH perpetration and female IPH victimization. This meta-analysis examined results from 17 studies, which included 148 effect sizes used in the analysis. Primary findings from this research suggest the strongest risk factors for IPH were the perpetrator having direct access to a gun, perpetrator’s previous nonfatal strangulation, perpetrator’s previous rape of the victim, perpetrator’s previous threat with a weapon, the perpetrator’s demonstration of controlling behaviors, and the perpetrator’s previous threats to harm the victim. Implications for law enforcement personnel, medical professionals, victim advocates, mental health professionals, and other professionals who may be in contact with potential IPH perpetrators and victims are discussed.
Analysis on the effect of variable guide vane numbers on the performance of pump as turbine
Authors: Shi FengXia , Yang JunHu , Wang XiaoHui
Published: June 2018

To study the effects of different guide vane numbers on the unsteady performance of pump as turbine based on the Navier–Stokes equation and standard k-epsilon turbulence model, computation fluid dynamics technology was used to simulate the flow field in pump as turbine. The turbulent kinetic energy, unsteady radial forces, and power losses were also clarified. The results show that for turbines with a guide vane, the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy is more uniform than before, and the radial force vector distribution is more symmetrical within four quadrants. The time-domain distribution of radial force is more periodic, the number of fluctuation periods is equal to the guide vane numbers, and the dominant frequency of the radial force is equal to the blade frequency. For different guide vane numbers, the effects on the unsteady performance of pump as turbine are different. When the guide vane number is equal to 9, the distribution of turbulence kinetic energy is optimal. In addition, at an optimal flow rate, both the time domains of the radial force and the power losses of the impeller are minimal, so to the geometric parameters of the hydraulic turbine are definite, the optimal guide vane number exists.
Identification of a new VHL exon and complex splicing alterations in familial erythrocytosis or von Hippel-Lindau disease
Authors: Lenglet Marion , Robriquet Florence , Schwarz Klaus , Camps Carme , Couturier Anne , Hoogewijs David , Buffet Alexandre , Knight Samantha J. L. , Gad Sophie , Couvé Sophie , Chesnel Franck , Pacault Mathilde , Lindenbaum Pierre , Job Sylvie , Dumont Solenne , Besnard Thomas , Cornec Marine , Dreau Helene , Pentony Melissa , Kvikstad Erika , Deveaux Sophie , Burnichon Nelly , Ferlicot Sophie , Vilaine Mathias , Mazzella Jean-Michaël , Airaud Fabrice , Garrec Céline , Heidet Laurence , Irtan Sabine , Mantadakis Elpis , Bouchireb Karim , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Redon Richard , Bezieau Stéphane , Bressac-de Paillerets Brigitte , Teh Bin Tean , Girodon François , Randi Maria-Luigia , Putti Maria Caterina , Bours Vincent , Van Wijk Richard , Göthert Joachim R. , Kattamis Antonis , Janin Nicolas , Bento Celeste , Taylor Jenny C. , Arlot-Bonnemains Yannick , Richard Stéphane , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Cario Holger , Gardie Betty
Published: June 2018

Key Points

Mutations in a VHL cryptic exon may be found in patients with familial erythrocytosis or VHL disease. Synonymous mutations in VHL exon 2 may induce exon skipping and cause familial erythrocytosis or VHL disease.
Elastic reverse time migration using acoustic propagators
Authors: Elita Li Yunyue , Du Yue , Yang Jizhong , Cheng Arthur , Fang Xinding
Published: June 2018

Elastic wave imaging has been a significant challenge in the exploration industry due to the complexities in wave physics and numerical implementation. We have separated the governing equations for P- and S-wave propagation without the assumptions of homogeneous Lamé parameters to capture the mode conversion between the two body waves in an isotropic, constant-density medium. The resulting set of two coupled second-order equations for P- and S-potentials clearly demonstrates that mode conversion only occurs at the discontinuities of the shear modulus. Applying the Born approximation to the new equations, we derive the PP, PS, SP, and SS imaging conditions from the first gradients of waveform matching objective functions. The resulting images are consistent with the physical perturbations of the elastic parameters, and, hence, they are automatically free of the polarity reversal artifacts in the converted images. When implementing elastic reverse time migration (RTM), we find that scalar wave equations can be used to back propagate the recorded P-potential, as well as individual components in the vector field of the S-potential. Compared with conventional elastic RTM, the proposed elastic RTM implementation using acoustic propagators not only simplifies the imaging condition, it but also reduces the computational cost and the artifacts in the images. We have determined the accuracy of our method using 2D and 3D numerical examples.
Physical bounds on C13 and δ for organic mudrocks
Authors: Chichinina Tatiana , Vernik Lev
Published: June 2018

We have used a reliable, updated database of ultrasonic measurements on organic mudrocks that contains components {[Formula: see text]} of the transversely isotropic elastic tensor, and hence the Thomsen’s anisotropy parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], to establish a more useful upper bound of feasible values for [Formula: see text], and hence [Formula: see text] in unconventional mudrock reservoirs than that introduced earlier. The new upper bound [Formula: see text] is consistent with elliptical anisotropy and represents a much better constraint for these mudrocks. We derive the upper bound [Formula: see text] (and hence [Formula: see text]) from Postma’s inequality applicable to a thin-layered effective medium composed of kerogen and inorganic phases. The anisotropic moduli of such a composite as given by the Postma-Backus model are well-matched by the experimental data at least in the bedding-normal direction. As for the lower bound [Formula: see text], which was suggested by others, we confirm its reliability and usefulness for organic mudrocks.
Comparison of different dielectric models to calculate water saturation and estimate textural parameters in partially saturated cores
Authors: Gkortsas Vasileios-Marios , Venkataramanan Lalitha , Fellah Kamilla , Ramsdell David , Hou Chang-Yu , Seleznev Nikita
Published: June 2018

Accurate estimation of water saturation is central in predicting capillary pressure and relative permeability, under special core analysis in the laboratory. We have explored the use of dielectric measurements at different frequencies to estimate water saturation. In addition to water saturation, dielectric measurements are sensitive to the distribution of water and oil in a porous system, reflected by the apparent cementation factor [Formula: see text], which describes the water phase tortuosity. We have performed an experimental study to benchmark water saturation from dielectric measurements on eight carbonate cores and estimated their cementation exponent [Formula: see text] and saturation exponent [Formula: see text] in Archie’s equation from dielectric data. All cores went through a series of drainage/imbibition steps, creating varying saturations of brine/fluorocarbon. Fluorocarbon was chosen because it is invisible to proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Therefore,NMR porosity represents only the water-filled porosity and can be used to benchmark dielectric water-filled porosity. Three dielectric models were used for the comparison of the dielectric water-filled porosity with the one from NMR, i.e., the complex refractive index model (CRIM), bimodal model, and Stroud-Milton-De (SMD) model, and very good agreement of 1.5 porosity units on average is found. Despite its simplicity, CRIM predicted well the water-filled porosity in this experiment. However, it cannot provide information about the texture, which is captured by bimodal and SMD models. We also estimated [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] based on [Formula: see text] found from bimodal and SMD models, and good agreement with [Formula: see text] from resistivity data was shown. This is the first time to our knowledge that such a rich set of dielectric and NMR measurements was acquired at different saturation stages in a surface laboratory. This study is useful in benchmarking the water saturation from dielectrics, comparing different dielectric models, and demonstrating feasibility of estimating textural parameters.
Medically unexplained syndromes: irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue
Authors: Luty Jason
Published: June 2018

This is a review of three of the more common medically unexplained syndromes that present for treatment to liaison psychiatry services in general medical hospitals: chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome. The three are interrelated, extremely disabling and comorbid mood disorders are frequent. In general, treatment, whether psychological or medical, has very modest impact. The disputed classification of medically unexplained syndromes is also reviewed. There is a clear gulf between the views and experiences of patients with these syndromes and the medical establishment. In this article I summarise give the evidence for pharmacological, psychosocial and ‘alternative’ or ‘complementary’ interventions for a range of disorders, about which there is some dispute. I leave it to the reader to decide which interventions hold the most promise.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•

To become aware of the high prevalence of medically unexplained syndromes

•

To review the effectiveness of treatment of medically unexplained syndromes

•

To be familiar with the conflict between health professionals and patients and the difficulty this continues to create

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

None.
Confined Synthesis of Coordination Frameworks inside Double-Network Hydrogel for Fabricating Hydrogel-Based Water Pipes with High Adsorption Capacity for Cesium Ions
Authors: Zhao Pan , Zhang Wei , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Azhar Alowasheeir , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Yamauchi Yusuke , Hu Ming
Published: June 2018

Hydrogel-based water pipes which can capture ionic contaminants are a promising solution for achieving efficient water treatment. However, the fabrication of such unique water pipes as an ion-harvester remains a challenge. In this work, we have fabricated this kind of water pipe through the confined synthesis of coordination frameworks inside a double-network PAAm/PAMPS hydrogel. The hydrogel could trigger the partial decomposition and reduction of K3[Fe(CN)6] upon heating. The released Fe3+/Fe2+ ions could react with the [Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3−, finally producing Prussian Blue coordination frameworks inside the hydrogel. The resulting composite exhibited a high capacity for Cs+ ions (397 mg g−1 in 10 minutes) by taking the coupling effect between the cation-selective hydrogel and the coordination frameworks. By shaping this composite into water pipes, Cs+ ions present in the contaminated water could be captured by the pipe wall. The proposed strategy will be useful, providing a potential method for fast treatment of aqueous nuclear waste.
Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods
Authors: Nagle Frank
Published: June 2018

As the economy becomes more information based, firms are increasingly using crowdsourced public goods as inputs for innovation and production. Counterintuitively, some firms pay their employees to contribute to the creation of these goods, which can be used freely by their competitors. This study argues that such firms learn by contributing as they receive feedback from the crowd of more experienced users and are therefore able to better capture value from using the goods. Data on firm contributions to open source software (OSS), an important crowdsourced public good, is used to test the theoretical predictions. Using matching and panel data methods to help address endogeneity concerns, this study shows that contributing firms capture up to 100% more productive value from usage of OSS than their free-riding peers. Furthermore, this paper examines what types of contributions are most beneficial and in what technological environments such learning can best be applied.
Concurrent validity between a portable force plate and instrumented walkway when measuring limits of stability
Authors: Berg-Poppe Patti , Cesar Guilherme M. , Tao Hanz , Johnson Cal , Landry Jessica
Published: June 2018

Background:

Balance deficits underlie a number of disorders and can exacerbate the primary condition if not addressed. Limits of stability, usually evaluated via force plates, can provide valuable information about balance and associated insufficiencies. A portable instrumented mat used clinically to measure gait characteristics has recently shown potential for limits of stability assessment. The mat also affords the ability to measure proactive control of limits of stability and quantitative information specific to stepping when limits of stability are exceeded. This study examined concurrent validity between the Bertec BalanceCheck Force Plate, an established instrument for measuring limits of stability, and the ProtoKinetics Zeno Walkway.

Methods:

A total of 51 adults (mean age 25.5 [standard deviation: 7.5] years; 72.5% female) without known disabilities leaned as far as possible in anterior, posterior, rightward and leftward directions while standing in narrow and natural stances on the force plate and walkway.

Results:

Pearson correlations for the force plate and walkway showed significant positive agreement for all directions tested in the narrow (r range = 0.657–0.878) and natural stances (r range: 0.928–0.936).

Conclusions:

Findings lend evidence of instrument interchangeability when measuring limits of stability. The results demonstrate evidence of concurrent and construct validity in support of the use of the Zeno Walkway as a measure of limits of stability.
Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) diversity in relation to habitat utilization at Jagannath Kishore College, Purulia, West Bengal (India)
Authors: DAS DIPANWITA
Published: June 2018

Documentation of butterfly diversity is necessary for ecosystem management both at the local and the global scales. The varied types of  functional role of the butterflies qualify them for conservation and thus sustenance of the ecosystem services. Information about the biodiversity of Purulia district as well as arid regions of Chota Nagpur Plateau is insufficient and this necessitates to investigate about the butterfly diversity of Purulia which will provide subsequent information for ecosystem management. On the basis of this proposition, the present study was carried out in the campus of Jagannath Kishore College, Purulia, West Bengal (India). The species richness, species diversity, seasonal variation and habitat utilisation by the butterflies were studied for a period of one year between February 2016 and January 2017 with photographic documentation. A total of seventy-one butterfly species under five families were encountered, of which, the family Nymphalidae represented highest number of species. The butterfly species richness was lower in summer probably due to the scarcity of water, but during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons water availabitity boost up the vegetation and therefore species richness increased to its maximum. Among the different species, Eurema hecabe was the most abundant species throughout the year followed by Leptosia nina, Danaus chrysippus and Catopsilia pomona. In the study area, thirty-one species of herbs and shrubs were identified as nectaring plants for adult butterflies. Among them, Tridax procumbens, Lantana camara, Alternanthera sessilis and Tagetes sp. were recognized as the preferred nectaring plants based on the number of butterflies visiting them. As an effort for conservation of the butterflies, the information on the plants and the species avaialble in the concerned region may be used further. However, long term monitoring of the concerned region is recommended to understand the changes in the environmental quality as reflected through the variations in the butterfly species assemblages.
Digitization and 3D printing for the reconstruction of volumetric losses in an anatomical wax model of the 18th century
Authors: Hernández-Muñoz Óscar , Sánchez-Ortiz Alicia
Published: June 2018

The three-dimensional models of wax belonging to the scientific heritage of the Complutense University of Madrid are a rare and extraordinary material that deserves to be preserved because it has great relevance to understand how surgeons and anatomists found formulas of visual construction that made possible the diffusion of his knowledge about the human body. In the present investigation, an anatomical wax model of the 18th century, with a remarkable degree of structural deterioration and weakness, has been restored, testing a new volumetric loss reconstruction methodology based on photogrammetric digitization of the sculpture, 3D modelling of the lost pieces and 3D printing of their moulds to obtain from them the final copies in waxy material. Due to this methodology, it has been possible to reduce the handling of the figure during the restoration process and the risk of accidental deterioration has been minimized.
Contractility of the epididymal duct - function, regulation and potential drug effects
Authors: Elfgen Vera , Mietens Andrea , Mewe Marco , Hau Thorben , Middendorff Ralf
Published: June 2018

During their transit through the epididymis, spermatozoa mature and acquire motility and fertilizing capacity. The smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the epididymal duct are thought to be responsible for the adequate transport of spermatozoa. Thus, precise regulation of SMC function also represents a prerequisite for sperm maturation thereby contributing to male fertility. In this review we would like to highlight various aspects of epididymal SMC function and discuss several angles with respect to regulation of contraction and relaxation. Different to the vas deferens, where disturbed SMC pathways resulting in male infertility could be defined, comparable information is missing in the epididymis. We therefore include some vas deferens data which could also be useful for a better understanding of epididymal SMC function. Furthermore, we would like to draw attention to drugs used in clinical practice and their potential (side) effects on contractions in the epididymis.
Depresión y factores asociados en la población peruana adulta mayor según la ENDES 2014-2015
Authors: Martina Martha , Ara Miguel Angel , Gutiérrez César , Nolberto Violeta , Piscoya Julia
Published: June 2018

Objetivos: Estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la depresión en la población peruana adulta mayor según los resultados de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2014-2015. Diseño: Estudio observacional, transversal y analítico. Institucion: UNMSM. Participantes: Adultos mayores. Intervenciones: Muestra probabilística de 11 411 adultos mayores que respondieron a la ENDES 2014-2015. Principales Medidas de Resultados: Prevalencias, promedios, desviaciones estándar y cálculos de OR con un IC 95%. Resultados: La prevalencia estimada fue de 14%. Respecto a los factores de riesgo para la depresión, se identificaron la condición de mujer [OR 1,92 (1,72 - 2,15)]; ser mayor de 75 años [OR 1,56 (1,40 - 1,74)]; el carecer de instrucción [OR 2,63 (2,35 - 2,95)]; el vivir sin pareja [OR 1,32 (1,19 - 1,47)]; el residir en área rural [OR 2,12 (1,91 - 2,36)]; el ser pobre [OR 2,30 (2,06 - 2,56)] y el tener alguna discapacidad [OR 2,63 (2,29 - 3,02)]. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de depresión en adultos mayores es sustancial. Los factores de riesgo identificados para la presencia de depresión en el adulto mayor, fueron la condición de mujer, ser mayor de 75 años, la carencia de instrucción, el vivir sin pareja, vivir en área rural, la pobreza y la discapacidad física.
Evolución del sistema de salud de Ecuador. Buenas prácticas y desafíos en su construcción en la última década 2005-2014
Authors: Chang Campos Caroline J.
Published: June 2018

Introducción. Ecuador ha emprendido importantes reformas en búsqueda de la universalidad y equidad, sin embargo, el sistema continúa fragmentado y no garantiza el acceso universal. Este estudio pretende abordar desde la perspectiva de las representaciones sociales, la evolución del sistema de salud del Ecuador a fin de contribuir a los procesos de reforma del país y de la Región. Objetivo. Describir la rectoría, financiamiento y prestación de servicios relacionados con los factores políticos, sociales y económicos, identificar las buenas prácticas, lecciones aprendidas y desafíos en la construcción. del sistema. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo descriptivo-interpretativo basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, mediante revisión sistemática de documentos y entrevistas a profundidad a 14 actores involucrados en los procesos de reformas, las mismas que fueron codificadas, analizadas e interpretadas, destacando las percepciones mayoritarias, convergencias y divergencias. Resultados y Conclusiones. El sistema de salud es por mandato constitucional de acceso universal y gratuito. Las representaciones sociales reconocen la rectoría de la autoridad sanitaria que requiere fortalecer el liderazgo y legitimización por parte del sector y sociedad civil. Posicionar a la salud como derecho y prioridad de Estado ha sido una de las mejores buenas prácticas, mientras que la falta de participación social para la legitimización y validación de los procesos de cambios es considerada una lección aprendida, ya que si bien es cierto los factores políticos, sociales y económicos a partir del 2007 han sido favorables para la transformación del sector salud, la alteración o revés de estos factores pondría en riesgo los avances y consolidación del Sistema de Salud. El principal desafío es la sostenibilidad financiera de la universalidad y gratuidad en consonancia con la calidad, siendo necesaria la racionalización del gasto y orientar la prestación de servicios al modelo de atención basado en atención primaria de salud.
Dermatitis por Paederus sp. en la Amazonía peruana: Reporte de casos
Authors: Fierro-Reinoso Martin , Rios-Araujo Ana , Jhonston Erik J.
Published: June 2018

En la amazonia peruana existe una gran diversidad de artrópodos relacionados a problemas de salud pública. Dentro de ellos al poco conocido escarabajo de la familia Staphylinidae, del género Paederus, capaz de producir una dermatitis cáustica vesiculante, a todo aquel que entre en contacto con su hemolinfa. Este tipo de lesiones ha sido descrita en aéreas tropicales y subtropicales causando brotes de dermatitis estacionales a lo largo del mundo, como sucedió en el fenómeno climatológico “El Niño” por Paederus irritans (Ciudad de Piura, 1999). Se presenta dos casos de dermatitis por Paederus sp. en zonas rurales de la amazonia peruana, donde aún no se ha reportado casos.
Brecha entre cobertura poblacional y prestacional en salud: un reto para la reforma de salud en el Perú
Authors: Gutiérrez César , Romaní Romaní Franco , Wong Paolo , Del Carmen Sara José
Published: June 2018

El Aseguramiento Universal en Salud constituye una de las principales políticas públicas impulsadas en la última década en nuestro país, y se ha mantenido por más de cuatro administraciones nacionales en la agenda política. Los avances en este proceso pueden verse reflejados en el incremento en la cobertura de afiliación a algún tipo de seguro de salud, que para el caso del Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS), fue ampliada de 19,4% en el año 2006 a 50,2% para el año 2015 (Encuesta Nacional de Hogares – ENAHO). Sin embargo, es posible evidenciar que mientras en el 2006 el 44,9% de los afiliados al SIS buscaban atención por problemas de salud en establecimientos del MINSA o de las redes de salud públicas de los Gobiernos Regionales, en el año 2015 este porcentaje disminuyó a 31,7%. Estos resultados obligan a prestar atención a otros factores que estarían restringiendo la mejora en el acceso a los servicios de salud, especialmente en pobladores pobres protegidos financieramente. Entre los retos para incrementar la cobertura prestacional se encuentran la brecha de infraestructura y equipamiento de servicios de salud, la poca articulación de los establecimientos de salud del primer nivel de atención, la subutilización de la oferta pública existente y recurso humano no bien remunerado con escasos o nulos incentivos.
Consistencia de un estudio sobre violencia de pareja
Authors: Oyola-García Alfredo Enrique , Quispe-Ilanzo Melisa Pamela
Published: June 2018

Sr. Editor, la violencia es un problema de salud pública mundial(1). En el último número de su revista Romero y col. (2) abordan la infidelidad femenina como producto de la violencia intrafamiliar; sin embargo, existirían inconsistencias que detallaremos a continuación.
Toxoplasmosis, interdisciplinarity and geography
Authors: Lago Eleonor G. , Pitrez Paulo Márcio C.
Published: June 2018

This special issue of Scientia Medica, a journal that has been increasingly standing out in interdisciplinarity, brings together original articles from several areas of knowledge and different geographical origin, which have in common the approach to toxoplasmosis. Some of the articles address basic or clinical topics of universal nature, while others have a definite regional character. These latter, being of utmost importance to the respective communities, will also bring valuable information for researchers and professionals from other regions. Additionally, review articles in this issue, written by experts, will be useful to update professionals and students from different areas of life and health sciences.
INVESTIGATING THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF AN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM ARTOCARPUS TONKINENSIS LEAVES USING A COLLAGEN ANTIBODY-INDUCED ARTHRITIC MOUSE MODEL
Authors: Thuy Trinh Thi , Quan Tran Duc , Tam Nguyen Thanh , Hoang Anh Nguyen Thi , Cuc Nguyen Thi , Nga Nguyen Thi , Sung Tran Van , Hong Nhung Le Thi , Sa Nguyen Hoang , Adorisio Sabrina , Delfino Domenico V. , Thao Do Thi
Published: June 2018

The obtained results here demonstrate that the 70% ethanolic leaf extract of A. tonkinensis (AT2), traditionally used in Vietnamese folk medicine for treating arthritic symtoms, has beneficial effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition and in an experimental arthritic mouse model. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with AT2 showed a significant decrease in the production of IL-6 and TNFa at concentrations of 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/mL (P<0.05), indicating its potential anti-inflammatory properties. Treatment of CAIA mice with AT2 also led to diminish the incidence of arthritis at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight.
Annelerin Çocuk Besleme Uygulamaları ve Çocukların Yemek Yeme Davranışları
Authors: BALABAN Serap , ÖZDOĞAN Yahya , UÇAR Aslı
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi dönem çocuğu olan
annelerin çocuklarını besleme uygulamaları ile çocukların yemek yeme
davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Ankara ilinde 2-6 yaş
grubu çocuğu olan 255 anne ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasından anket formu kullanılmıştır. Annelerin çocuk besleme
uygulamaları, CFQ (Child Feeding Questionare), çocukların yeme davranışı CEBQ
(Child Eating Behavior Questionare) ölçeği kullanılarak belirlenmiştir.
Ölçekler sırasıyla algılanan sorumluluk, izlem, çocuk ağırlığı hakkındaki ilgi,
kısıtlama ve yeme baskısı; besin heveslisi olma, duygusal aşırı yeme, besinden
keyif alma, içme tutkusu, tokluk heveslisi olma, yavaş yeme, duygusal az yeme
ve besin seçiciliği alt boyutlarından oluşmaktadır. Çocukların %47.8’i kız,
%52.2’si erkektir. Çocukların çoğunluğu (%78.8’i) 3 yaşın üzerindedir.
Annelerin
%50.2’si çocuklarının doğru besinleri tercih etmesinden her zaman kendini sorumlu tutmakta ve çocuklarının yediği şekerli
(%78.4), abur cubur (%75.3) ve yağ içeriği yüksek besinleri (%78.4) kontrol
etmektedirler.
Anneler bazen çocuklarının yemek yemeyi
sevdiğini (%34.9), tabağında yemek bıraktığını (%49.0), yeni yiyeceklerin
tadına bakmaktan zevk aldığını (%38.0) düşünürken,
%42.4’ü yeni yiyecekleri reddettiğini, %35.3’ü bazen yemekle mutlu etmenin zor olduğunu düşünmektedir.
Her iki ölçekte de
alt boyut toplam puanları incelendiğinde cinsiyetler arasında
anlamlı farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Annelerin
yeme baskısı ile çocukların besinden keyif alma davranışı negatif yönlü, besin
seçiciliği, tokluk heveslisi olma, yavaş yeme davranışı pozitif yönlü
korelasyon göstermektedir. Annelerin yeme
baskısı ile kısıtlama ve çocuk ağırlığı hakkındaki ilgi davranışı pozitif yönlü
korelasyon göstermektedir. Yeme konusunda
baskıcı ailelerin çocuklarında yeme bozuklukları daha sık görülmektedir. Bu
çalışma sonucunda annelerin çocuklarının beslenmesinde baskıcı bir tutum
izledikleri görülmüştür. Annelerin mutlaka çocukların ileriki yaşamlarını
etkileyecek yanlış tutum izlememe konusunda bilgilendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Assessment of trachoma in suspected endemic areas within 14 provinces in mainland China v1
Authors: Zhao Jialiang , Paolo Mariotti Silvio , Resnikoff Serge , Wang Yuqin , Yu Shicheng , He Mingguang , Fan Yingchuan , Zou Haidong , Zhang Wenfang , Jia Yading , Wang Lihua , Guan Huaijin , Xu Xiao , Zhan Leilei , An Lei , Ye Quanfu , Wang Ningli
Published: June 2018

Province-level assessment teams, trained in WHO Trachoma Rapid Assessment methodology and in WHO simplified trachoma grading scheme, carried out assessments in 14 provinces. Based on the published literature, including national and international reports, suspected trachoma-endemic areas within each province were identified. Within these areas, trachomatous inflammation- follicular (TF) assessments were carried out in at least 50 grade-one children in primary schools serving villages with the lowest socio-economic development. Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and corneal opacity (CO) assessments were conducted among persons aged 15 and over in villages within the catchment area of the selected schools.
Extracting Bacterial DNA from filters v1
Authors: Solonenko Natalie
Published: June 2018

Adapted from Tara Oceans extraction protocol (see citation).
untitled protocol v1
Authors: not provided v.xmv , Varma Aadi
Published: June 2018

dlsvm
Establishment of axenic sea-ice diatom cultures, modified from Jaeckisch et al. (2011) v1
Authors: Torstensson Anders , Deming Jody
Published: June 2018

Table 1. Antibiotic concentrations used for establishing axenic sea-ice diatom cultures. References Guillard RRL. 1975. Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates. In: Smith WL, Chanley MH eds. Culture of marine invertebrate animals. New York: Plenum, 29-60. Jaeckisch N, Yang I, Wohlrab S, Glöckner G, Kroymann J, Vogel H, Cembella A, John U. 2011. Comparative Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of the Toxigenic Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii. PLoS ONE 6(12): e28012.
Fear, Uncertainty, and Dread: Cognitive Heuristics and Cyber Threats
Authors: Gomez Miguel Alberto , Villar Eula Bianca
Published: June 2018

Advances in cyber capabilities continue to cause apprehension among the public. With states engaging in cyber operations in pursuit of its perceived strategic utility, it is unsurprising that images of a “Cyber Pearl Harbor” remain appealing. It is crucial to note, however, that the offensive action in cyberspace has only had limited success over the past decade. It is estimated that less than 5% of these have achieved their stated political or strategic objectives. Moreover, only five states are thought to have the capabilities to inflict or threaten substantial damage. Consequently, this raises the question of what accounts for the continued sense of dread in cyberspace. The article posits that this dread results from the inappropriate use of cognitive shortcuts or heuristics. The findings herein suggest that the lack of experience in dealing with cyber operations encourages uncertainty, which motivates decision-makers to base their judgements on pre-existing, and possibly incorrect, conceptions of cyberspace. In response, the article segues into potential solutions that can mitigate unsubstantiated dread towards cyberspace by peering into the role that attributes at the organizational level can play in tempering the position of individuals. The suggested considerations are rooted in the interactions between the micro and macro level processes in forming judgments, sensemaking, and ultimately, mobilizing actions.