bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELAKSANAAN DISCHARGE PLANNING DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Marliany Heni , Permana Yudhi , Permatasari Intan
Published: May 2021

One of the nursing activities that have not been optimal now days is Discharge Planning. Discharge Planning in nursing is a related component  with a nursing range of patients admitted to hospital until his return. The purpose of this research is to determine on how the describing of discharge planning implementation in  inpatient care room of  hospital  CThis research is using descriptive method, the population of all nurses in the wards of RS.C 181 people. Obtaining sampling technique used is  proportional  random sampling. The research samples  is 64 nurses inpatient care room  in hospital CThe result of understanding  the most diseases are not carried out (96.9%). Explanations majority diseases cause categorical are not carried out (87.5%). Explanations sign and majority diseases simptom categorical are not carried out (90.0%). Explanations majority depelopment categorical is implementated (93.8%). Explanation of majority nutritions category is conducted as many as 61 respondents (95.3%). Explanation of activity and majority rest categorical is implemented  (90.6%). An explanation of the mobilization of the highest category is done (81.2%). Explanation giving majority motivation categorical  is conducted (95.3%). Explanation the majority control categorical is done (71.9%).Implementation of majority discharge planning categorical is done based on SPO (65.6%). It is expected that the hospital discharge planning is more concerned by providing the motivation on the nurse to perform appropriate discharge planning based on SPO. Keywords: Nurses, Implementation, Discharge Planning, Hospital
HUBUNGAN TIPE POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOSOSIAL ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI TK PERTIWI 1 DESAPURBOWANGI KECAMATANBUAYAN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Utami Wuri , Nurlaila N , Qistiana Riska
Published: May 2021

Preschool children, 3–6 years old, are problematic or difficult age.  This period usually has behavior problem resulting from the unique personality process and having freedom demanding. Their psychosocial development is between initiative stage versus guilty one. Parents’ parenting is the ability of parents to provide time, attention, and support in order their children can grow and develop very well.The aim of this study is to determine correlation between the type of parents’ parenting and psychosocial development of preschool children at Pertiwi I Kinder Garten, Purbowangi, Buayan, Kebumen.The present study was correlation research with cross sectional approach.The samples were 70 parents and their children taken by saturated sampling technique. Data were collected by using questionnaires. Statistical data analysis used Spearman Rank test.There were  50% respondents who applied democratic parenting type. Most children had good psychosocial development (62,9%). The result of the analysis showed by Spearman Rank p value (0.000).There were correlation between the type of parents’ parenting and psychosocial development of preschool children at Pertiwi I Kinder Garten, Purbowangi, Buayan, Kebumen. Keywords: Parenting, Psychosocial Development, Preschool Children
ANXIETY LEVELS DURING MENARCHE AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS AT STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 OF AYAH
Authors: Sumarsih Tri , Nurfadillah Marina , Asti Arnika Dwi
Published: May 2021

Menarche is the early menstruation that usually occurs at the age of 10-14 years. It is the culmination of a series of changes in adolescents who are stepping on adulthood. These changes bring about various questions, feelings of confusion, fear and anxiety. This reaserah to know the anxiety during menarche (first menstruation) of female students of State Junior High School 1 of Ayah. This study uses descriptive method with cross sectional approach. The populations are all female students of State Junior High School 1 of Ayah who have experienced menarche. Samples were taken by using simple random sampling technique on 170 respondents. Instrument used in this study was DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale). Data was analyzed by using univariate analysis. Based on the research conducted, there were 67 respondents (39.4%) experienced light anxiety during menarche. It is advisable for adolescents who are going into adulthood to get lot of knowledge about menarche.
UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN KAMPUS SIAGA BENCANA MELALUI PENINGKATAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE TABLETOP DISASTER EXERCISE (TDE)
Authors: Addiarto Widya
Published: May 2021

AbstrakPada saat ini, kesiapsiagaan masyarakat khususnya yang tinggal di kawasan rawan bencana masih tergolong rendah. Dari beberapa hasil studi menyatakan bahwa keadaan tersebut dikarenakan minimnya pendidikan bencana. Kampus dianggap sebagai tempat yang paling potensial untuk memulai pendidikan bencana. Salah satu media untuk mempermudah pendidikan bencana di lingkungan kampus adalah Tabletop Disaster Exercise (TDE). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa peningkataan kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana melalui penerapan media Tabletop Disaster Exercise (TDE). Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pra-experiment dengan menggunakan desain penelitian one grup pre-post test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa tingkat IV STIKes Hafshawaty Pesantren Zainul Hasan Kabupaten Probolinggo sejumlah 60 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel yang akan digunakan disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi dan randomisasi adalah sejumlah 52 responden. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan skor kesiapsiagaan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi TDE dengan nilai signifikansi (ρ = 0,000). Kata kunci: Kesiapsiagaan, Metode Tabletop Disaster Exercise (TDE), Kampus Siaga Bencana ABSTRACTToday, community preparedness, especially those living in disaster-prone areas is still relatively low. From the results of several studies stated that the situation was due to the lack of disaster education. Campus is considered as the most potential place to start disaster education. One of the media to facilitate disaster education in the campus environment is Tabletop Disaster Exercise (TDE). The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement of preparedness in the face of disasters through the application of Tabletop Disaster Exercise (TDE) media. The research method used in this study was pre-experiment using the one group pre-post test design research design. The population in this study were all level IV students of STIKes, Hafshawaty, Pesantren Zainul Hasan, Probolinggo, with 60 respondents. The sampling technique used in this study was simple random sampling. The number of samples that will be used adjusted to the inclusion and randomization criteria were a number of 52 respondents. The results obtained from this study were that there were differences in preparedness scores before and after the TDE intervention was given with a significance value (ρ = 0,000). Keywords: Preparedness, Tabletop Disaster Exercise Method (TDE), Disaster Preparedness Campus
Tingkat Penggunaan dan Kesadaran Masyarakat dalam Konsumsi Obat Tradisional Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gombong
Authors: Kiromah Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul , Widiastuti Tri Cahyani , Krisdiyanti Yayu , Kurniawan Yusuf
Published: May 2021

Bangsa Indonesia telah lama memanfaatkan tanaman sebagai sarana pengobatan. Obat tradisional merupakan suatu pengobatan yang memanfaatkan tanaman dimana tela digunakan dari secara turun menurun.Penggunaan obat tradisional secara umum dinilai lebih aman dibandingkan dengan obat modern. Akan tetapi hal tersebut tentu saja harus disertai dengan cara penggunaan obat tradisional yang tepat untuk menjamin manfaat dan keamanannya.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat penggunaan dan kesadaran dalam konsumsi obat tradisional khusunya di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gombong 2 yang terdiri dari 9 desa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dan bersifat deskriptif yang menggunakan angket (kuisioner). Responden yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 242 orang. Karakteristik responden yang mengikuti penelitian ini adalah mayoritas perempuan  (59,50%), berpendidikan terakhir SD (33,47%), pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga (33,06%). Masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gombong 2 yang memilih pengobatan dengan obat tradisional (42,97%), dasar pemilihan penggunaan obat tradisional bersumber dari teman, saudara dan tetangga sebesar 42,31%, dan semua responden merasakan manfaat serta khasiat dari obat tradisional. Dalam penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas masyarakat telah mengetahui keamanan obat tradisional (67,36%) akan tetapi sumber informasi didapatkan dari teman, saudara dan tetangga. Sehingga diperlukan kegiatan penyuluhan tentang manfaat dan keamanan serta penggunaan obat tradisional yang baik dan tepat.
Instrument Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients
Authors: Silolonga Wico Neta , Kadar Kusrini , Sjattar Elly Lilianty
Published: May 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that can be controlled but, it can cause various complications if the patient unable to manage the disease independently. The ability of a DM patient should be supported by his belief to perform certain behaviors known as self-efficacy. Self-efficacy assessments need to be assess the extent to which DM patients are confident that they can deal with diabetes. Several self-efficacy diabetes assessment instruments have been developed to assess the activity of self-care diabetics. The purpose of this literature study is to identify instruments that can be used to assess the self-efficacy of DM type II patients. Methods: The databases used in this literature review are PubMED, Wiley Online Lybrary, Science Direct, Google Scholar and secondary search. Results: There are 15 articles meet the inclusion criteria. Several research results show the development of DMSES instrument to measure the confidence of DM patients in doing self-care activities of DM patients. DES instrument focuses on patient empowerment and education programs and DSES instrument is a development of self-efficacy assessment of chronic diseases. This instrument can be applied in clinical and research practice but must through an adaptation process according condition and culture of the patient and respondent.
RAMUAN OBAT TRADISIONAL SUB-ETNIS BATAK KARO YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN DI PASAR BERASTAGI DAN KABANJAHE SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Silalahi Marina
Published: May 2021

Research has been carried out on the ingredients of traditional Batak Karo medicine which are traded in the Berastagi and Kabanjahe traditional markets, North Sumatra. The study was conducted through an ethnobotany approach. The survey was conducted with free interviews, in-depth, semi-structured, and participatory observations to all traditional medicinal herb traders in the Berastagi and Kabanjahe traditional markets. The local name of the ingredients, benefits, form of packaging, plants, and how to use each ingredient is asked to the trader. In the Berastagi and Kabanjahe traditional markets sold 20 types of traditional medicinal which are divided into parem, tawar and minyak urut (oil for massage). The trader sell 12-18 types of concoctions. The medicinal ingredients are used for more curative purposes than preventive purposes. The traditional ingredients found in this study are classified into herbs because their properties are based on empirical experience only.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN BEROBAT PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS NAGI KECAMATAN LARANTUKA KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Sianturi Sondang Ratnauli , Dilianty Oktaviani Maria , Marlina Paramitha WN
Published: May 2021

Hipertensi memberikan kontribusi 9,4 juta kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskuler dan akan mengakibatkan 90% kematian dalam 1 tahun jika tidak dilakukan pengobatan terus-menerus. Pengobatan hipertensi memerlukan kepatuhan yang tinggi. Kepatuhan dalam pengobatan dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan penderita tentang hipertensi, sehingga pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai hipertensi perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencapai tujuan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan penyakit hipertensi dengan kepatuhan berobat penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelatif dengan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara accidental sampling yaitu 58 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan mayoritas responden adalah perempuan sebanyak 65,5%, usia 56-65 tahun 50%, pendidikan SD dan SMP-SMA 46,6%, dan 65,5% bekerja sebagai buruh, IRT dan pensiunan, responden dengan pengetahuan baik 82,8% dan 56,9% memiliki kepatuhan dalam menjalani pengobatan. Hasil analisis dengan uji kendall’s tau b menunjukan adanya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan penyakit hipertensi dengan kepatuhan berobat penderita hipertensi (p=0,011). Pengetahuan penderita tentang penyakit hipertensi sangat diperlukan untuk mendukung prilaku patuh penderita dalam menjalani pengobatan.
PERILAKU PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (MP-ASI)
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang Usia bayi 6 bulan merupakan fase kritis dalam mulai makan. Kecukupan gizi bayi sangat dipengaruhi oleh pola pemberian makan yang benar. MP-ASI merupakan makanan awal yang diberikan pada bayi sebagai pendamping ASI yang berguna untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi serta mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Orang tua memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk menyediakan MP-ASI yang sehat, perilaku pemberian MP ASI yang baik dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang MP ASI. Konsumsi MP ASI yang baik mendukung pencegahan terjadinya stunting pada balita. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan perilaku  pemberian  makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI)  pada bayi usia 6 – 12 bulan.Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 225 ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 6-12 bulan yang tinggal di Kecamatan Buayan kabupaten Kebumen. Sampel ini diambil dengan teknik random sampling. Instrumen yag digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner pengetahuan tentang MP-ASI, kuesioner dan lembar observasi perilaku pemberian MP-ASIHasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mayoritas ibu berusia antara 21-30 tahun (65.3%), sedangkan untuk usia bayi paling banyak usia 11 bulan (16.9%). Mayoritas pendidikan ibu adalah SMP 99 responden (44%), dan 219 ibu bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (97.3%). Sebanyak 199 ibu  memiliki pengetahuan cukup (88.4%) dan sebanyak 135 ibu memiliki perilaku pemberian MP-ASI dengan kategori cukup (60.0%).Pembahasan: Hambatan ibu dalam praktik pemberian MP-ASI adalah kemiskinan, beban kerja yang tinggi, kurangnya kekuatan pengambilan keputusan dalam rumah tangga, dan kekurangan susu.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN SWAMEDIKASI ANALGESIK PADA MASYARAKAT DESA TANJUNGSARI, PETANAHAN, KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Khuluq Husnul
Published: May 2021

According  to WHO,  self-medication is the selection and using of drugs without a doctor's prescription by people to to treat common health issues at home . The most widely self-medicated substances are over-the-counter drugs, suplement and herbal medicine. A study in  United States and the United Kingdom found that self-medication was the main effort  to  solve health issues. This is confirmed by the results of several studies that found about 40-72%  people in several  countries practicing  self-medication. In Indonesia, according to  Basic Health Research (Riskesdas 2013) found that  103,860 (35.2%) households use self medication. Several studies have found that differences in  age, marital status,  education , occupation,  have closely related with self-medication behavior. This is the descriptive-observational study with 64 respondent The result show that many people do not understand how to practicing right self medication such as side effect drugs used in self medication, safe analgesic medication for pregnancy.Keyword : analgesic, self-medication
Penggunaan Kombinasi Metode BASOKU Terhadap Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI)
Authors: Nisak Ana Zumrotun , Azizah Noor
Published: May 2021

Penyebab gagalnya pemberian ASI tidak hanya disebabkan oleh satu faktor saja, melainkan banyak faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Faktor tersebut diantaranya adalah faktor ibu, faktor bayi dan faktor eksternal. Pada periode awal kelahiran bayi, secara fisiologis ASI belum keluar dengan lancar pada hari 1-3 hari kelahiran. Dan pada akhirnya para orangtua mengganti ASI dengan susu formula supaya bayi tidak rewel. Usaha untuk memperlancar produksi ASI bisa dilakukan dengan perawatan payudara atau Breastcare, pijat oksitosin untuk merangsang hormon prolaktin dan oksitosin serta adanya dukungan dari keluarga terutama suami. Dengan adanya produksi ASI yang lancar, ibu akan sering memberikan ASI kepada bayinya sehingga dapat menaikkan berat badan bayi secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji efektivitas penggunaan kombinasi metode BASOKU (Breascare, pijat Oxytocin dan Dukungan suami) terhadap produksi ASI. Penelitian ini menggunakana metode quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Pre Test-Post with control design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu ibu post partum normal dengan bayi lahir hidup di Puskesamas Jepang Kabupaten Kudus, dengan jumlah sampel 66 orang, terdiri dari 33 kelompok kontrol dan 33 kelompok intervensi. Analisa penelitian ini menggunakan Paired T-test. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 2 minggu untuk pemantauan penerapan metode BASOKU dan kenaikan berat badan bayi. Didapatkan hasil bahwa pada kelompok kontrol produksi ASI pada ibu nifas dengan kenaikan berat badan bayi dengan rentang 100-250 gram, sedangkan pada kelompok intervensi peningkatan berat badan lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok kontrol yaitu 200-600 gram. Hasil uji statistic menggunakan Paired t-test diperoleh p value 0,000 (p value<0,05) dengan demikian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi metode BASOKU efektif terhadap peningkatan produksi ASI.
EFEKTIVITAS MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE TERHADAP SENSASI PROTEKSI KAKI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Eppang Marlin , Prabawati Dewi
Published: May 2021

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan gangguan dalam proses sekresi insulin dan resistensi insulin yang berdampak pada meningkatnya nilai glukosa dalam darah. Peningkatan kadar gula darah pada pasien DM dapat mengakibatkan neuropati perifer dan terjadi penurunan sensasi proteksi kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui efektivitas massage effleurage selama 4 minggu terhadap sensasi proteksi kaki pasien dengan DM. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan quasi eksperimental pre-post design, melibatkan 95 responden yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling technique dan dibagi dalam kelompok intervensi sebanyak 71 responden dan kelompok kontrol 24 responden. Sensasi proteksi diukur menggunakan monofilament 10 g pada 10 area di kaki. Uji statistik Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perubahan  sensasi proteksi kaki sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan nilai p= 0.02 (< 0.05); dan uji statistik Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan sensasi proteksi kaki pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan p=0.000. Secara simultan variabel independen dalam penelitian ini memberikan pengaruh sebanyak 40.7 % terhadap sensasi proteksi kaki. Intervensi massage effleurage dapat diterapkan untuk mencegah ulkus diabetik akibat penurunan sensasi proteksi kaki dan perlu dilakukan kunjungan rumah pada pasien DM untuk memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pencegahan dan perawatan DM, sehingga pengetahuan pasien DM dapat meningkat serta memiliki perilaku yang baik tentang pengaturan diit dan kepatuhan menjalani terapi
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PELAKSANAAN PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN DASAR PADA IBU HAMIL DI KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN
Authors: Ersila Wahyu , Zuhana Nina , Prafitri Lia Dwi
Published: May 2021

Perawatan kehamilan sangat berkaitan dengan fungsi reproduksi wanita sehingga upaya tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku ibu hamil sendiri. Pentingnya dilakukan perawatan kehamilan yang baik agar ibu dalam menjalani kehamilannya terjaga dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor (Pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan, motivasi) yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar pada ibu hamil. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desaign deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil di wilayah kerja puskesmas kedungwuni II, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Accidental sampling sejumlah 109 responden.. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan positif pengetahuan dengan pelaksanaan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar selama kehamilan dengan nilai p <0, 001, namun tidak terdapat hubungan  antara pendidikan (p 0,575), pekerjaan (p 0,324) dan motivasi (0,197) dengan pelaksanaan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar selama kehamilan. Saran Hendaknya bidan meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu melalui pendidikan kesehatan yang dilakukan secara berkala, agar ibu hamil melaksanakan kebutuhan selama kehamilan sesuai dengan usia kehamilannya. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan, motivasi, kebutuhan dasar kehamilan.
MENURUKAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DENGAN AROMA TERAPI BUNGA MAWAR
Authors: Wahyuni W. , Fatmawati Siti , Silvitasari Ika
Published: May 2021

Latar belakang:Penyakit Hipertensi saat ini dikenal oleh banyak orang sedangkan hipertensi kebanyakan diderita  oleh lansia Dalam mempertahankan tekanan darah tetap dalam kondisi normal dibutuhkan beberapa terapi diantaranya dengan terapi non farmakologis salah satunya  pemberian aroma terapi bunga mawar adapun cara kerja nya saat  aromaterapi mawar dihirup, molekul yang mudah menguap akan membaawa unsur aromatik yang akan merangsang memori dan respon emosional yang menyebabkan perasaan tenang dan rileks serta dapat memperlancar aliran darah (Ridho, 2015).Tujuan  perbedaan tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan aromaterapi bunga mawar pada pasien hipertens akan di ketahuii. Metode penelitianini merupakan penelitian  kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Quasy experimental design dan metode one group pre and post test design pada 20 responden dengan analisa  uji T-test dengan signifikansi  α 0,05. Hasil: Didapatkan hasil mean 38.25 dan P: 0.000 sehingga  H0 ditolak Hα diterima, Kesimpulan: Ada beda rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah pemberian aromaterapi bunga  mawar terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi
Relato de experiência e prática docente trabalhando a integração educacional de alunos cegos
Authors: Caldeira Victor Lucas , Ferreira Hugo  Silva
Published: May 2021

Este artigo desenvolve em seu escopo o relato de experiências vivenciadas na prática docente com estudantes cegos. Visa retratar os métodos didáticos interiorizados nesse cotidiano. A compilação de informações foi obtida de forma empírica, por meio de observações decorrentes do convívio, das descrições obtidas diretamente com os estudantes, além da pesquisa bibliográfica. A experiência evidencia o desafio que se constitui trabalhar nos moldes inclusivos, visto que a formação docente atual não antecipa exemplos de realidade, exigindo do educador uma postura dinâmica e proativa, capaz de educar no processo de integração humana do âmbito escolar.
IMPLEMENTATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDONESIAN GENERAL COURTS(BASED ON THE DECREE OF THE DIRECTOR- GENERAL OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Authors: Sinaga Haposan Sahala Raja
Published: May 2021

The shift in punishment in the criminal justice system prioritizes justice for victims and perpetrators of criminal acts in addition to alternative punish- ments such as social work and others carried out with a restorative justice approach. Focusing on the process  of  direct  criminal  responsibility  from the perpetrator to the victim and society, if the perpetrator and victim and  the community whose rights have been violated feel that justice has been achieved through collective deliberation efforts, punishment can be avoided. The perpetrator is not the main object of the restorative justice approach,   but the sense of justice and conflict recovery itself are the main objects. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, on December 22 2020, through the Director-General of the General Courts Agency, has made Decree Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 concerning the Enforcement of Guidelines for the Implementation of Restorative Justice in the Indonesian General Courts. With the normative juridical research method, with the nature of qualitative descriptive research, by examining secondary data obtained through the Decree of the Director-General of the General Courts of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 and other related regulations which has relevance to the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts’ environment. The results of the research show the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts, as stated in the Decree of the Director-General of the Supreme Courts Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020, which must apply and be applied by all district courts in Indonesia, especially in terms of case settlement in action. Minor offenses, child cases, women in conflict with the law and nar- cotics cases. The existence of alternative case resolution through restorative justice can realize the principles of fast, simple and low cost with balanced justice.
Enrolled or engaged? tudents’ perceptions of engagement and oral interaction in a blended learning language course
Authors: Korkealehto Kirsi , Lakkala Minna , Toom Auli
Published: May 2021

Student engagement is essential in online language courses where the risk of suspending studies is higher than in face-to-face teaching. Furthermore, oral language rehearsal is challenging in such a course; therefore providing sufficient assignments to rehearse oral interaction is central. This study investigates how student engagement and oral language skills rehearsal are perceived in a blended learning language course. The course design was based on multimodality and the applied theoretical frameworks were ecological language learning and the notion of engagement. The study was conducted, and the data were collected in a 5-credit course for 1st-year business administration students (n=22). The qualitative data include students’ learning diaries and open-ended questions of a post-course online questionnaire; the data were analysed according to the qualitative content analysis method. The findings suggest that meaningful course design with authentic assignments and course material enhanced students’ academic engagement; students’ own activity was perceived to foster academic engagement equally. ocial engagement was reinforced mainly by successful collaboration, but students’ own actions had a great impact as well. n terms of oral interaction, collaborative, meaningful assignments and student’s own investment in practicing had a positive impact on students’ oral interaction. This study contributes to earlier research since it provides an insight into student academic and social engagement in a blended learning context and 2Korkealehto, Lakkala & Toom: Engagement and oral interaction in blended learning The JALT CALL Journal vol. 17 no.1 the findings can guide educators to design more engaging language learning courses in higher education.
SARS-CoV-2: Insights from the Immunopathogenesis and Current Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Sharma Ujjawal , Chaudhary Anupama , Naithani Manisha , Priyanka Naithani Priyanka x , Prashar Saurabh , Sharma Bunty , Kumar Nagar Pramod , Bhukya Prudhvi Lal , halerao Unnati B , Singh Meenakshi , Srivastava Manjita , Barman Muneesh Kumar , Attri Sampan , Gairolla Jitender
Published: May 2021

The global public health scenario is worsening gradually as the confirmed cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are incessantly escalating with every passing day. The pathological condition caused by SARS-CoV-2 is termed as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics, immunopathogenesis, and the need for early-stage diagnosis and the effective therapeutic regime are the few immediate challenges faced by healthcare professionals worldwide. More specifically, the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the host’s immunopathogenesis response is crucial to determine the disease severity and its clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. In the present review, we provide insights into the SARS-CoV-2 pathology, host immune responses including innate, cellular, and humoral responses, and immunomodulatory functions of SARS-CoV-2 including cytokine storm and immune evasion. We also shed light upon the present clinical and laboratory-based applications enrolled in the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Taking into consideration the pathogenesis and SARS-CoV-2 immune function, in the present review, we finally provide succinct insights into the SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics, immunopathogenesis, with the assessment of the current diagnostic and preventive/ therapeutic strategies.
Проблемы управления трансграничными водными ресурсами в Афганистане
Authors: Нори Сайед Момин
Published: May 2021

Афганистан имеет пять крупных речных бассейнов, четыре из которых являются трансграничными и используются совместно с Ираном, Пакистаном и странами Центральной Азии (Таджикистан, Узбекистан, Туркменистан). Управление трансграничными водными ресурсами, двусторонние или региональные соглашения и сотрудничество с прибрежными странами всегда были сложными задачами для Афганистана. Непрерывная война и отсутствие безопасности ослабили систему управления в Афганистане. Отсутствие человеческого потенциала в области разработки политики и стратегического планирования, слабая экономика, с одной стороны, и ограниченные гидрометеорологические данные и технические знания в области управления водными ресурсами, с другой стороны, отдалили Афганистан от всех механизмов сотрудничества на реке Амударья и двух других ее крупных речных бассейнах. В данной статье анализируются инициативы и планы, реализованные афганским правительством и международным сообществом по укреплению человеческого потенциала и сбору гидрометеорологических данных для разработки подходящего механизма управления трансграничными водами в целях экономического роста Афганистана и регионального сотрудничества по трансграничным водам между Афганистаном и прибрежными странами. Однако некоторые проблемы в области управления водными ресурсами в Афганистане все еще остаются нерешенными. На основе академических и политических источников рассматриваются проблемы, с которыми Афганистан столкнулся за последние сорок лет в секторе управления водными ресурсами, и предлагаются некоторые решения для преодоления этих проблем. В заключение предлагаются шаги и меры, которые в дальнейшем должны быть выдвинуты афганским правительством и международным сообществом для достижения рамок регионального сотрудничества по трансграничным водам между Афганистаном и другими прибрежными странами.
A possible linkage between low density lipoproteins and ischemic stroke.
Authors: Ullah Nadeem , Gardezi Shahnawaz Hasan , Tanveer Muhammad Azfar , Baqa Kulsoom , Fawwad Asher
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of raised low density lipoproteins (LDL) in subjects with ischemic stroke (IS) in our local population. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Medical Unit-III, Nishtar Medical College, Multan. Period: 12 March 2016 to 12 September 2016. Material & Methods: Eligibility criteria include subjects with age limit between 40-70 year of both sex surfing with ischemic stroke. Raised-LDL means serum fasting LDL level ≥ 100 mg/dl was deemed as raised LDL on two different reading 24 hours apart (both was raised). Results: Our study registered a total of 205 patients out of this 92 (44.9%) were male patients while 113 (55.1%) were female with ischemic stroke. Mean height and weight of our study cases was 159.94 ± 11.21 and 68.43 ± 6.33 respectively. Mean BMI was noted to be 23.17± 2.85 kg/m2. Mean LDL level noted in our study was 109.59 ± 49.15 mg/dl and raised level of LDL was seen in 88 (42.9%) of our study cases. Raised level of LDL was observed significant in gender, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, family history and previous history of stoke. Conclusion: Very high frequency of raised serum LDL levels was noted in our study. Raised LDL were positively linked with male gender, hypertension, family history of stroke, diabetes, obesity and past event of stroke. Our study determines the initial diagnosis of stoke that eventually lead to suitable management to enhance clinical result in such subjects.
Post traumatic CSF fistulas – a solved problem?
Authors: Satti Sidra Aftab , Ramooz Kashif , Malik Muhammad Usman , Akhtar Nadeem , Shahzad Yasar
Published: May 2021

Objective: To find the frequency of post-traumatic fistulas in acquire data in neurosurgery department of District Hospital Rawalpindi. Study Design: Descriptive Retrospective Study. Setting: Department of Neurosurgery in District Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: July 2017 to 2019. Material & Methods: Total 70 Patients presented with CSF leaks from either ear or nose or scalp wound following head trauma. All these patients underwent treatment in the emergency room because the study of patients included only those to who presented to emergency with head trauma, including some who underwent some surgical procedure as well, apart from the standard conservative management for all patients. Mean and standard deviation of quantitative data (age), was recorded. Categorical data like gender, early and late onset of disease, surgical treatment were expressed in frequencies & percentage. Results: 70 patients including 52(74.2%) male and 18(25.7%) female. The mean ages was 38.34­­+13.21 year. CSF leakage was from nose 33(47%) and ear was 37(53%). At the postoperative period, 8(11%) patients had meningitis and 62(89%) patients had no meningitis. Those patients who treated non surgically as 56(80%) as compared to those who underwent some surgical procedures 14(20%). Majority of the patients 59(84%) had early onset < 48 hours of presentation, while 11(16%) had delayed > 48 hours of CSF leakage. Conclusion: CSF fistulas remain a problem after head trauma, with a significant risk of complications and rarely death, hence requiring prompt diagnosis and careful management. Failure of CSF fistula to heal within an average time of 2 weeks of conservative treatment, usually requires surgical treatment.
Incidence of writing double NSAIDs in a single prescription for osteoarthritis.
Authors: Keerio Niaz Hussain , Aamir Nasrullah , Kumar Nuresh , Qureshi Masood Ahmad , Saqlain Hassan Amir us , Noor Syed Shahid
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine how frequent NSAIDs are used for osteoarthritic patients because OA is common old age patients and NSAIDs can cause divesting complications on their health. In our study we tried to identify the main reasons and suggest a best possible solution. Study Design: Community Based Cross-sectional study. Setting: Mohammad Medical College and Hospital Mirpurkhas Pakistan. Period:  June 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: In this study, we included more than 300 prescriptions written for Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease. Prescriptions collected from hospital pharmacy (80%) and from other pharmacies (20%). Data was collected on preformed proforma and was analyzed in SPSS version 25. Results: Osteoarthritis mainly affects elderly population. NSAIDs are used for pain relief but can cause acute renal failure and GIT bleeding ulcers. In our study 69% patients were prescribed double NSAIDs. Traditional NSAIDs were used 95% of the time and only 5% percent of the time selective cox 2 were used. Along with these NSAIDS only 20% patient were given prophylactically gastroprotective agents like PPI and other medications. Conclusion: Prescription osteoarthritis include multiple NSAID without any protocol and over dosage was observed commonly.
Gall bladder perforation after squeeze injury: A Case Report.
Authors: Ahmad Jamil , Fawad Muhammad , Hayat Muhammad Khizar
Published: May 2021

Isolated perforation of gallbladder following trauma is very rare and is mainly caused due to distended gallbladder as a result of fasting or alcohol ingestion in normal patients. We report a case of gall bladder perforation caused due to squeeze injury.
Association between BMI, waist circumference and prehypertension among adults
Authors: Khalid Ahmed Murtaz , Naiyar Iffat , Masud Rizwan , Anjum Aiman Farogh , Kamran Fatima , Kamal Brig. Khawar , Shehzad Samina , Zulfiqar Minahil , Hashmi Shoaib Naiyar
Published: May 2021

Objective: To know the association between different anthropometric parameters for overweight and obese individuals to prevalence of prehypertension. Study Design: Correlational study. Setting: Vicinity of Kharian and at Outpatient Department, CMH Kharian Cantt. Period: February 2019 and January 2020. Material & Methods: Correlational study carried out in the vicinity of Kharian by employing different anthropometric measurements in accordance with guidelines to look at how blood pressure figure behaves in overweight, obese and morbidly obese population and further is there a difference in overall outcome if we use waist circumference rather than BMI and its significance in targeting preventive strategies. Results: Our results show a staircase pattern of increase in blood pressure, initially lying in different phases of prehypertension among normal weight (BMI 23±1.65; waist circumference (WC): 86.45±8.78; Systolic BP:127±11.99; Diastolic BP:80.44 ±9.45), overweight (BMI 27.35 ±1.23; WC:100±5.32; Systolic BP:128.72 ±11.29; Diastolic BP:80.05 ±6.66) and obese individuals (BMI 31.97 ±1.45; WC:112.12±9.22; Systolic BP:138.06 ±21.61; Diastolic BP:87.56 ±9.78), while this trend shifted to full blown hypertension among morbidly obese individuals (BMI 39.88 ±4.30; WC:120.38±12.84; Systolic BP:145 ±17.64; Diastolic BP:89.23 ±10.95) Conclusion: We conclude that prehypertension is already prevalent among normal weight and overweight individuals, and intensive follow up and lifestyle intervention strategy should be employed earlier at this level and waist circumference is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease than BMI and should be routinely done in local primary health care set up to prevent the onset of complications associated with this silent killer.
New Surgical Practice During COVID 19
Authors: Asghar Mohammad Sohail , Shah Hafiz Syed Zaigham Ali , Khan Hamna , Zahid Aima , Zia Hammad , Musaab Mohammad
Published: May 2021

A sequence of pneumonia-causing diseases from the Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019. The outbreak of COVID-19 spread quite rapidly. Just as we write this report, almost two and a half million verified cases were reported globally, and almost 180,000 people died.1 Experience from China reveals that COVID-19 outbreaks can be brought under control within 3 months, with highly efficient touch tracking and case isolation.2 Healthcare staff are at the forefront of treatment for COVID-19 cases and have a very large chance of exposure to the infection.3 Cuts in disposable gear and COVID-19 awareness are triggering infections in healthcare workers.4 As of February 11, 2020, China has contaminated more than 1,700 health-care workers. In Italy, 2026 (9 percent) of the COVID-19 incidents happened in healthcare professionals (as of March 15).5 But, 31 medical teams containing more than 42,000 nurses and doctors sent by the Hubei from other provinces did not have a reported infection. It indicates that sufficient information about the transmission of disease and the use of protective equipment and procedures to manage infections is necessary to avoid the spread of infection among health care staff.
Frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients.
Authors: Zafar Shaheena , Jaleeel Riffat , Lodhani Kouser Karim
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, Tertiary Care Hospital. Period: July 2015- Jan 2016. Material & Methods: Total 250 women during pregnancy and within 42 days after delivery who were diagnosed as ARF were included. Serum creatinine was done on admission and then after 24 hours of delievery. Those with urine output < 30ml / hour and serum creatinine > 1.5 mg / dl were recruited. All data was recorded on proforma. Results: The average age of the women was 29.36±5.87 years. Post-partum hemorrhage was the important and common factor i.e. 40.4%, followed by placental abruption 25.6%, Severe pre-eclampsia 18.4%, puerperal sepsis 8.4% and eclampsia 7.2%. Conclusion: Ante partum hemorrhage like placental abruption, eclampsia and preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhages’ are the major causes of obstetrical ARF. Good antenatal care and provision of universal health facility can prevent this dangerous condition. Though it is a treatable and curable complication, but if not diagnosed and treated timely, it can lead to significant maternal morbidity and mortality.
Overview on liquid chromatography and its greener chemistry application
Authors: Adel E Ibrahim , Magda Elhenawee , Hanaa Saleh , Mahmoud M Sebaiy
Published: May 2021

This literature review is concerning with liquid chromatography specifically high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), chromatography theory, chromatographic parameters, monolithic columns, principles of green chemistry and its application ingreen chromatography.
Usefulness of salivary cortisol as a marker of secondary adrenal insufficiency in paediatric patients
Authors: Laura Capdevila , Ariadna Borràs , Eugenio Berlanga , Judith Sánchez-Manubens , Josefa Rivera , Raquel Corripio
Published: May 2021

Background: The main cause of adrenal insufficiency (AI) in paediatric patients is prolonged treatment with corticosteroids. Determination of plasma cortisol (PC) during ACTH test is the most used adrenal function indicator in clinical practice. However, determination of salivary cortisol (SC), a simple test especially useful in children in order to avoid invasive procedures, can be used as an alternative technique for the diagnosis of adrenal disease. Methods: A two-year prospective study (January 2014-January 2016) in paediatric patients (2-18 years of age) treated with corticosteroids for more than fifteen days, who were investigated for suspected AI. Low-dose ACTH test was used to determine adrenal function and samples for SC and PC were obtained simultaneously in basal situation and during the test (at 30, 60 and 90 minutes). Results: 230 samples (118 PC-112 SC) of 30 studies belonging to 20 patients (4 males), mean age 10.93 years ± 3.69 SD. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between PC and SC (r = 0.618, p < 0.001). All the studies with some determination of PC higher than 18 μg/dL (n = 8) had a SC peak higher than 0.61 μg/dL with a specificity of 66.67% and a sensitivity of 93.94% (ROC analysis). Conclusion: Measurement of SC is a less invasive, easier and quicker test than PC to measure plasma free cortisol levels. In our study, a SC peak in low-dose ACTH test higher than 0.61 μg/dL was able to discriminate patients without AI, and proved to be a useful tool in the initial evaluation of children with suspected AI.
A case report of uterine inversion after home delivery
Authors: Sena-Martins M , Tadini V , Bolsonaro BG , Mariani-Neto C , Pires ABN , Lucato LL , Soares AN , Xavier JC , Teixeira BACB , Faro SL , Silva TB
Published: May 2021

Puerperal acute uterine inversion is a rare obstetric condition observed as a serious complication during the third stage of labor. Reported as one of the causes of postpartum haemorrhage, it commonly requires quick diagnosis and surgical treatment in order to reduce morbidity and lethality. The authors describe a case of uterine inversion with hypovolemic shock after home birth, brought to Hospital Leonor Mendes de Barros. The purpose of this article is to describe a case of acute uterine inversion and its management and a review of aetiology, predictive and risk factors, diagnosis and treatment.
HRCT imaging features of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Zexuan Zhou , Guangfeng Zhang , Ting Xu , Haobo Lin , Xiao Zhang
Published: May 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate radiographic features of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Patients and methods: 116 patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) from 2010 to 2019 comprised our retrospective study. All patients were subject to high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). ILD patterns were classified into 7 patterns as IIPs and analyzed with pathology. We chose two staging method and two semi-quantitative score methods to evaluate the HRCT performance and analyzed with pulmonary function tests. Results: Ground-glass opacities were the most common presentation on HRCT, followed by interlobular septal thickening, reticular opacities, intralobular interstitial thickening; honeycombing, traction bronchiectasis and nodules can also be observed. The most common pattern of SSc-ILD was nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), secondly was UIP. There was no difference in ILD pattern between HRCT and pathology, and revealed a high congruence. The four HRCT evaluating methods presented in this study all had significant relationships with PETs. Conclusion: The most common pattern of SSc-ILD was nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). The ILD patterns of HRCT coincide very well with histology, and will replace pathology as the gold standard for diagnosis and evaluation of SSc-ILD.
PROFIL SKRINING INFEKSI COVID-19 DAN KADAR D-DIMER PADA PASIEN STROKE DI RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR
Authors: Indrayani Ida Ayu Sri , Putra Ida Bagus Kusuma , Budiarsa I Gusti Ngurah Ketut , Nuartha Anak Agung Bagus Ngurah , Krishna Angga , Tini Kumara , Lastrawan I Made Odie , Darmawan Putu Ngurah Arya , Tedyanto Eric Hartono , Vania Aurelia
Published: May 2021

Pendahuluan: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) diumumkan sebagai pandemi oleh World Health Organization (WHO) pada tanggal 11 Maret 2020. Studi menemukan stroke dapat merupakan salah satu manifestasi neurologi COVID-19. Studi mengenai karakteristik pasien stroke pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dipublikasi untuk menunjang data mengenai COVID-10 pada pasien stroke sehingga mendukung penyusunan pedoman tatalaksana stroke yang lebih baik di masa pandemi COVID-19

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien stroke selama pandemi COVID-19 di RSUP Sanglah Kota Denpasar

Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan kriteria inklusi pasien yang didiagnosa stroke di RSUP Sanglah pada periode Juni-Agustus 2020. Subjek dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling

Hasil Penelitian: Studi melibatkan 69 pasien stroke dengan laki-laki sebanyak 62,3% dan perempuan 37,7%. Stroke non-hemoragik didapatkan sebanyak 67,7% dan stroke hemoragik 33,3%. Dari skrining Rapid Test ditemukan 7,2% hasil reaktif dan 92,8% non-reaktif. Pemeriksaan PCR pada tes swab menunjukkan hasil 10,1% positif, negatif 11,6%, dan yang tidak diperiksa sebanyak 78,3%. Hasil pemeriksaan rontgen thorax menunjukkan gambaran pneumonia sebanyak 23,2%, tidak pneumonia sebanyak 75,4%, dan TB 1,4%. Hasil pemeriksaan D-Dimer ditemukan 62,3% normal dan 37,7% meningkat. Dari pasien yang memiliki hasil swab test positif (7 orang), didapatkan 7 orang dengan hasil D-Dimer meningkat

Simpulan: COVID-19 dapat ditemukan sebagai penyebab atau penyakit penyerta pasien stroke pada masa pandemi ini. Kadar D-dimer yang tinggi dapat menjadi marker gangguan koagulasi pada COVID-19 yang merupakan salah satu mekanisme penyebab stroke pada infeksi SARS-CoV-2 ini

Kata Kunci: COVID-19, D-dimer, Karakteristik, Stroke