bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUDGET POLICY IMPACT ON THE HUMAN INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER POST-WAR RECOVERY OF THE OF UKRAINIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Stefanyshyn Оlha , Kachula Svitlana ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Lysiak Liubov ,   University of Customs and Finance, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The article is devoted to the definition of the features of human intellectual potential development in the context of modern specific forms of digitalization and the role of budget policy in supporting it in the conditions of recovery of the economy of Ukraine. The research used methods of abstraction, analytical evaluation, generalization, and a systematic approach. The peculiarities of the formation of the information society and the role of the intellectual component of human potential in its development are determined. Attention is drawn to the fact that formal institutes for the development of a comprehensive information system have been formed and continue to be established in Ukraine, but the informal institutional component remains underdeveloped. The importance and necessity of developing the institutional and spiritual foundations of youth in the conditions of modernization of the national economy of Ukraine is emphasized. A number of modern specific forms of digitization are outlined, which require increasing the effectiveness of training specialists in the field of higher education, in particular in areas that shape human intellectual potential in the conditions of war and post-war economic recovery, and at the same time shape, along with the professional qualities of young people, their spiritual culture. It is emphasized that an integral component of the spiritual culture of youth is language as a means of communication, education, and the transmission of artistic and aesthetic information. It is argued that a special place among the directions of modernization of the national economy belongs to the development of a responsible budget policy, which will contribute to the development of society in general, implementing the priority areas of effective financing of human potential, in particular its intellectual and spiritual components in the context of the formation of new forms and spheres of their implementation in the conditions of martial law and the need to restore the country’s economy. Keywords: digital society, funding priorities, intellectual potential, human intellectual potential, budget policy.
ON THE APPROACHES AND TOOLS FOR ASSESSMENT HUMAN CAPITAL VALUE OF THE REGION
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Pryimak Vasyl , Holubnyk Olga ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Holovnov Vitalii
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The reconstruction of Ukraine and its economy after the victory over the Russian invaders should be based on practically inexhaustible resources that form human capital, in particular on knowledge, intellectual and creative abilities of a person, etc. These resources are more important than natural resources or means of production. It is human capital, not plants, factories, machines, production stocks, that mainly ensures the efficiency of the economy and its growth. That is why scientific research related to the analysis, forecasting and management of human capital development of Ukraine and its regions is relevant. The purpose of the article is the analysis and description of possible methods of measuring the amount of human capital of the region, which take into account the database used for this purpose with primary information about the structural components of this capital and their constituent partial indicators. Inductive and deductive analysis methods were used during the scientific research; analysis of scientists’ approaches to the understanding of the concept of “human capital”, its structural components and constituent primary indicators, as well as analysis of methods for estimating the value of this capital in the region; synthesis. The scientific article outlines the main problems that arise in the case of measuring the value of the human capital of the region, provides an overview of literary sources on this issue, analyzes the approaches of scientists to solving this problem, briefly describes the algorithms for evaluating this capital depending on the primary information used. The main results of the study can be considered the conclusion made on the basis of processing and generalization of information scattered in literary sources regarding approaches and algorithms for measuring the level of development of regional human capital, about the possibility of performing this procedure regardless of the availability of input data. The study showed that when choosing a methodology for estimating the value of the human capital of the region, first of all, it is necessary to determine the available primary information, which can be used to perform this analysis, and only after that consider the possibility of using a certain theory and calculation algorithms. Moreover, in the process of calculations, it is possible to use only quantitative primary information obtained from statistical authorities, or in addition to it, take into account qualitative information obtained by expert means. Keywords: human capital, region, measurement of human capital, direct and indirect methods of evaluating human capital, methods of multivariate statistical analysis, theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets.
Trauma Exposure and Transdiagnostic Distress: Examining Shared and PTSD-Specific Associations
Authors: Crowe Michael L , Hawn Sage E
Published: August 2023

Dimensional models of psychopathology suggest that the causes and consequences of psychopathology are attributable to a combination of syndrome specific and transdiagnostic features. There is considerable evidence that trauma exposure confers risk for a wide range of psychiatric conditions, yet no previous work has specifically examined the higher-order effects of trauma exposure within a structural model. We examined transdiagnostic and PTSD-specific associations with multiple forms of trauma exposure within a nation-wide sample (N = 1,649; 50% female) of military Veterans over-selected for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A higher-order Distress variable was estimated using PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms as indicators. A structural equation model spanning three measurement time points over an average of 3.85 years was then used to examine the unique roles of higher-order Distress and PTSD residual variance in accounting for the relations between trauma exposure and psychosocial impairment. Results suggest that the association between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms is primarily mediated by higher-order Distress, but that PTSD severity does have a significant association with trauma exposure independent of Distress. Both higher-order Distress and PTSD-specific variance were necessary to account for the association between trauma exposure and future functional impairment. This work suggests there may be shared etiology linking cumulative trauma exposure and a range of internalizing symptoms. Continued application of higher-order dimensional models is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the consequences of trauma exposure.
GZMK is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that granzyme K, encoded by GZMK, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of GZMK in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. GZMK mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with lung cancer. Primary tumor expression of GZMK correlated with overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of GZMK expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
PECAM1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, encoded by PECAM1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of PECAM1 in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. PECAM1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with lung cancer. Primary tumor expression of PECAM1 correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PECAM1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
Challenges faced by Madagascar’s protected area network during COVID-19 were very real
Authors: Eklund Johanna , Rakotobe Domoina , Balmford Andrew , Geldmann Jonas , Rakotonarivo O. Sarobidy , Räsänen Matti , Toivonen Tuuli , Jones Julia P G
Published: August 2023

We appreciate Andrianambinina at al. engaging with our paper “Elevated fires during COVID-19 lockdown and the vulnerability of protected areas” published in Nature Sustainability in May 2022. In their response, Andrianambinina et al. question the extent to which protected area management in Madagascar was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and our interpretation that the patterns we observe in excess fires are a result of this. They also question our use of the World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) as the source of shape files for Madagascar’s protected areas. We respond to these points in turn.
WNT2 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that Wnt family member 2, encoded by WNT2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. WNT2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with breast cancer. Primary tumor expression of WNT2 was not correlated with patient survival outcomes, however. Modulation of WNT2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with breast cancer.
CaC. Circuits as Code, a Typed Lambda formulation for Circuit Theory, and Design Patterns in the architecture of Analog Electronics.
Authors: Bheemaiah Anil K
Published: August 2023

In the IaC, CaC and MaC formulation in MFA II design, 1this paper delineated CaC as typed Lambda Calculus in Lambda for Fields using Real Calculus of Constructions , R.C.C and Lambda Calculus with Types for Fields (LCTF), amongst several other formal verification typed lambda calculus for higher order function theory.CaC is essential in Biomorph and Neuromorph computing, towards a field of Biological Cybernetics as Biomimetic design. MFA II is from functional semantics inspired by biological design in multiple functional semantic maps to genome definitions in transcription. Code Units are defined on the Iac, CaC and MaC definitions verifiable in theoretical synthetic biology experiments.Keywords: Analog electronics, Circuits as code, Typed lambdas, Design patterns, Biomorph computing, Neuromorph computing, Machine learning, Optimization, Control systems, Robotics.
Spotting False News and Doubting True News: A Meta-Analysis of News Judgments
Authors: Pfänder Jan , Altay Sacha
Published: August 2023

How good are people at judging the veracity of news? We conducted a systematic literature review and pre-registered meta-analysis of 303 effect sizes from 67 experimental articles evaluating accuracy ratings of true and fact-checked false news ($N_{participants}$ = 194'438 from 40 countries across 6 continents). We found that people rated true news as more accurate than false news (Cohen’s d = 1.12 [1.01, 1.22], p < .001) and were better at rating false news as false than at rating true news as true (Cohen’s d = 0.32 [0.24, 0.39], p < .001). In other words, participants were able to discern true from false news, and erred on the side of skepticism rather than credulity. We found no evidence that the political concordance of the news had an effect on discernment, but participants were more skeptical of politically discordant news (Cohen’s d = 0.78 [0.62, 0.94], p < .001). These findings lend support to crowdsourced fact-checking initiatives, and suggest that, to improve discernment, there is more room to increase the acceptance of true news than to reduce the acceptance of fact-checked false news.
GZMA is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that granzyme A, encoded by GZMA, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of GZMA in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. GZMA mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with lung cancer. Primary tumor expression of GZMA correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of GZMA expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
CHIT1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We observed modest differential expression of chitinase 1, encoded by CHIT1, in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of CHIT1 in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. CHIT1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with lung cancer. Primary tumor expression of CHIT1 was not correlated with patient survival outcomes, however. Modulation of CHIT1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
Similarity Impacts Where Repeated Events Fall on the Semantic-Episodic Continuum
Authors: Bontkes Oliver , Palombo Daniela , Rubínová Eva
Published: August 2023

Memory researchers have recently conceptualized repeated events as an intermediate form of memory between episodic and semantic memory. We explored whether self-reported event similarity affects where repeated events fall on a semantic-episodic continuum. Across two preregistered studies, repeated measures correlation indicated that similarity was positively correlated with self-reported reliance on semantic memory. Similarity was negatively correlated with reliance on a single episode. Latent profile analysis revealed three types of repeated event memories that differed in their relative use of semantic, single episode, and mixed episodes reliance. One profile was distinctively low on single episode reliance, while the other two had overall balanced ratings (one was high, the other was low). Subsequent analyses revealed the first profile was significantly higher in similarity of place than the other profiles. Our findings have implications for theoretical perspectives on repeated event memory, and have practical significance in legal and clinical contexts.
CSF2RB is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that colony stimulating factor 2 receptor subunit beta, encoded by CSF2RB, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of CSF2RB in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. CSF2RB mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with lung cancer. Primary tumor expression of CSF2RB correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of CSF2RB expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the primary organ site to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
Pengaruh kompensasi ,disiplin kerja dan motivasi terhadap produktivitas karyawan
Authors: HASBI IRFAN
Published: August 2023

Naskah ini merupakan proposal awal penelitian yang dilakukan di Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Andi Djemma.
Opening the compliance and enforcement loot box: A retrospective on some practice and policy impacts achieved through academic research
Authors: Xiao Leon Y.
Published: August 2023

Loot boxes are gambling-like products in video games that can be purchased with real-world money to obtain random rewards. Regulations have been imposed in some jurisdictions to attempt to address potential harms. Two recent policy studies assessed companies’ compliance (but more often, non-compliance) with those regulations. The first study found that a supposed ‘ban’ on loot boxes in Belgium was not enforced so the product remained widely accessible. A preprint reporting this was widely publicised by the media. This enhanced awareness led to companies newly complying with the law and helped policymakers to view the practicality of banning loot boxes with more due scepticism. Researchers should consider actively sharing non-peer-reviewed preprint results to protect consumers more promptly. The second study found that, contrary to regulations, many games with loot boxes were not labelled. Subsequent engagement with the media and the industry self-regulators caused remedial actions to be taken: unlabelled games have since been correctly labelled, and non-compliant companies have been punished with (albeit insignificant) fines. The societal impacts of loot box policy studies demonstrate the importance of actively communicating research results to the public through media engagement and challenging companies and regulators when they are not complying with or enforcing regulations.
Urban demand for cooking fuels in two major African cities and implications for policy
Authors: Das Ipsita , le Roux Leonard , Mulwa Richard , Ruhinduka Remidius , Jeuland Marc
Published: August 2023

Nearly 2.4 billion people lack access to clean cooking fuels and technologies worldwide, representing a critical failure to achieve SDG7’s cooking energy access goal. Dependence on polluting cooking fuels is particularly high in Sub-Saharan Africa, where it generates considerable environmental, health, and time-related costs. In the region, progress has been greatest in urban areas, but understanding of the dynamics of urban cooking energy transitions remains limited. On the one hand, higher average incomes and greater availability of alternative fuels, relative to rural areas, helps to explain urban populations’ generally higher access rates. Nonetheless, different cities display divergent paths, and the impacts of policy instruments in fostering household energy transition remain unclear. This paper considers the demand for several fuels among low-income households in two such contrasting cities – Nairobi (where the transition is well advanced) and Dar es Salaam (where progress has been slower). Household preference data from our double-bounded, dichotomous choice contingent valuation experiment helps us understand how urban households respond to changes in the price of their preferred cooking fuels. We find that fuel price responses vary across the income distribution and across the two cities. Specifically, the willingness to pay for the most commonly used cooking fuel in Nairobi – liquefied petroleum gas – is nearly twice that in Dar es Salaam, where more households prefer charcoal. In Dar es Salaam, low-income charcoal users appear especially entrenched in their choice of cooking fuel. The extent to which different policy tools (such as bans, taxes, or clean fuel subsidies) can be effective depends on these price sensitivities, enforcement, and also on the readiness of the supply side to meet increased demand. Importantly, policy-makers need to understand nuances in the local demand context very well when choosing appropriate instruments to support energy transition among their most vulnerable citizens.
Prestress estimation in elastic rods using dispersion-constrained inversion
Authors: Nguyen Cuong
Published: August 2023

The theory of waveguides has been applied to various problems of engineering, including the evaluation of prestress in reinforced concrete members and non-destructive inspection or monitoring of long slender structures such as pipes and rails. In prestressed concrete beams or slabs, it is crucial to estimate the current level of prestress in the steel tendons for assessing the limit loads that these structural members can withstand. In this paper, we present a dispersion-constrained inversion for predicting the initial stress of circular-cross-section elastic rods on the basis of its harmonic torsional response. In the forward problem, the displacement is computed by implementing a hyper element representing the straight rod. The inversion problem is solved by optimizing the misfit function subjected to the dispersion constraints which are conveyed from the forward problem. The misfit function is defined as the L_2-norm of the difference between the measured and predicted responses and is minimized by means of gradient-based optimization. The gradient is derived in terms of derivatives with respect to the eigenvalues (wavenumbers), eigenvectors (mode shapes), Lagrange multipliers, and the prestress. We then estimate the prestress by solving the optimization problem through an iterative process. The proposed inversion is applied to several examples to examine its performance. Via these numerical examples, we demonstrate that our inverse algorithm can detect the prestress with satisfactory accuracy, even in the presence of noise in the measurements.
Undergraduate Psychology Students’ Perceptions of Open Research: The Relationship Between Statistics Understanding, Attitudes, and Questionable Research Practices
Authors: Clark Kait , Lindsay Adele , Gilligan-Lee Katie Anne , de-Wit Lee , Scott-Samuel Nicholas E. , Azevedo Flavio , Pennington Charlotte Rebecca
Published: August 2023

Following growing awareness of replication concerns in research and the rise of Open Research (OR), psychologists have begun investigating what contributes to Questionable Research Practices (QRPs) amongst academics, but less so amongst students. Undergraduates represent the next generation of psychologists, and recent changes in the undergraduate psychology curricula across UK universities have enhanced and modernised the provision of research methods and statistics teaching. Still, students continue to struggle with statistics, and how students perceive OR practices may be associated with their experiences learning statistics. In this two-study UK-wide project, we employed a series of online questionnaires to investigate the relationships between various factors including statistics understanding and attitudes on and undergraduate students’ perceptions of OR and QRPs. In Study 1 (N = 245), we found that, in final-year psychology students, awareness of OR was related to perceptions of QRPs as well as statistics confidence, grades, and motivation. In Study 2 (N = 695), in psychology students across all years, we found that attitudes toward statistics were associated with statistics confidence, competence, and attitudes toward learning about OR. We also found that statistics interpretation aptitude and statistics attitudes predicted perceptions of OR. Our findings have important implications for the teaching of OR, science, and statistics, and for incorporating OR into higher education curricula.
Overlap between individual differences in cognition and all SANS and SAPS symptoms of schizophrenia
Authors: Skiba Rafal Marcin , Chinchani Abhijit , Menon Mahesh , Lepage Martin , Lavigne Katie M. , Malla Ashok K. , Joober Ridha , Goldberg Joel O. , Heinrichs R. Walter , Castle David , Burns Amy , Best Michael , Rossell Susan , Woodward Todd
Published: August 2023

Background and Hypothesis. Neurocognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), and the relationship between cognition and symptoms in SSDs is widely researched. The most well-replicated finding is an association between episodic memory and negative symptoms; however, the aspects of negative symptoms that underpin this relationship have yet to be specified.Study Design. We use iterative Constrained Principal Component Analysis (iCPCA) to explore the relationship between cognition and symptoms in schizophrenia at the level of individual items while minimizing the risk of Type I errors. ICPCA was conducted on a sample of SSD patients in the early stages of psychiatric treatment (n = 206) to determine the components of cognition overlapping with symptoms measured by the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS).Results. We found that a verbal memory component was associated with items from both SANS and SAPS related to disorganized and impoverished communication, language and thought (including both positive and negative formal thought disorder). In contrast, a working memory component was associated with SANS items related to motor system impoverishment. Both were related to social/clinical inattentiveness.Conclusions. ICPCA allows for a finer-grained analysis of the aspects of the illness responsible for the overlap between cognition and symptoms, made possible by analyzing individual items instead of symptom summary scores. These results suggest that verbal and working memory systems overlap with different aspects of SSD symptomatology, implying distinct brain networks underpinning these relationships.
Recommendations for Writing a National Institutes of Health Individual Predoctoral Fellowship (F31) Training Grant in Dissemination and Implementation Science
Authors: Crane Margaret Ellen , Triplett Noah S , Nelson Katherine L. , Larson Madeline F. , Wright Blanche Michelle , Van Pelt Amelia E.
Published: August 2023

Early career training is an essential component of building the future of dissemination and implementation (D&I) science. The United States National Institutes of Health Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Individual Predoctoral Fellowship (F31) award offers a mechanism for doctoral students to acquire specialized D&I training and mentorship, to pursue independent research in D&I science, and to receive financial support for their graduate studies. Due to scarce resources on preparing early career grant proposals focused on D&I science, this commentary offers guidance to doctoral students on developing a successful application for a specific type of early career proposal - the NIH F31 mechanism. We offer strategies for the research and training components based on themes identified across six funded F31 grant applications and on our experiences in the application process (grants funded from 2019-2020). We are from diverse fields (clinical psychology, school psychology, public health, and epidemiology) with varied research foci (global health, mental health, and infectious diseases). Applications were funded on both the F31 and F31-Diversity mechanisms. Funded F31 research projects included dissemination strategies, treatment adaptions, piloting new methods, and pre-implementation inquiry. Common training goals included developing content expertise in D&I science, understanding specific D&I science methodologies, learning strategies for working with community partners, and enhancing knowledge of analytic methods. D&I training activities included journal clubs, meeting with consultants, attending D&I science trainings, and attending conferences. Mentored research training is essential for learning D&I science methods and developing research-practice partnerships as students.
Associations between chronic stress, attention, working memory, and mindful acceptance in the context of Monitor and Acceptance Theory: a direct replication and exploratory cross-sectional study
Authors: Saldarini Francesco , Yamasaki Kaho , Miyata Hiromitsu
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can reduce chronic stress, but their therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. MBIs may train attention monitoring and acceptance skills that have been impaired by chronic stress exposure, and the interaction between these skills might lead to chronic stress reduction. In the present study, we aimed at directly replicating one of the few existing studies that tested these hypotheses. Moreover, we explored the hypothesis that working memory capacity is negatively associated with chronic stress and that the association between working memory capacity and chronic stress is moderated by acceptance. To increase the generalisability of the results of this line of research, we obtained our sample from the Japanese population. Methods: Eighty-five adults participated in the study and completed self-reported chronic stress and mindful acceptance questionnaires, and attention and working memory behavioural tasks.Results: The results revealed that chronic stress was significantly associated with reduced acceptance (all ps < 0.001), but not with monitoring or working memory capacity. The in-teraction between monitoring or working memory measures was not significantly associated with chronic stress levels. Conclusions: Our results almost exactly replicated the findings of the original study and provide limited support to the hypotheses. Future direct replication studies of this line of research or randomised-controlled trials testing other theory-driven research hypotheses are encouraged.
Ludic Method Ouvroir. Experimenteller FLOW, Kunst und Wissenschaft.
Authors: Jahrmann Margarete
Published: August 2023

Ouvroir (Epilog) steht als Synonym für den Ort des Experimentierens, als ein Synonym eines Labors von künstlerischen Forschungsgesellschaften zwischen Wissenschaften (Humanities, Life Sciences und Kunst), die Spielregeln als Methode des Forschens einsetzen. Ouvroirs (door-opener) eröffnen experimentelle Spielräume für Peers und Publikationsformen. Denn zwischen Kunst und Wissenschaft soll nicht sachlich, nicht im statistischen Stil von ChatGPT, sondern intuitiv, ludisch fühlend und persönlich berührt argumentiert werden — unter der Anwendung von Ludic Methods.Ludic Method als künstlerisch forschende Methode, setzt wissenschaftliche Stringenz mit spielerischem, aber regelgeleiteten Verfahren in Beziehung. Sie umfließt Wissenschaft ebenso amikal wie sie Welt durchringt. Dergestalt wird sie als erweiterte Spiel Inszenierung aufgeführt, jeweils im Austausch mit wissenschaftlichen Positionen. Ludic Method ist im ständigen FLOW, hin zum „Psycho-Ludischen Zugang“ (FWF/PEEK 2024). Das Projekt „Neuromatische Spielkunst: Kritisches Spiel mit Neurointerfaces“ (FWF/ PEEK 2020 - 2023) legt Grundlagen im Hinblick auf die kognitive Kondition, sickert durch die Umcodierung medizinischer und neurowissenschaftlicher Apparaturen wie EEGs (Elektroenzephalogramme) in künstlerischen „Sweet Little Do Nothing“ performances (AIL 2022) tief in die strukturelle Koppelung von Wissenschaft und Kunst.
Getting culturally appropriate health messages out in a hurry: Developing a communications campaign for COVID-19 testing in a Vietnamese-American community.
Authors: Meekers Dominique , Pham NhuNgoc K. , Tran Cam Thanh , VanLandingham Mark J. , Do Mai
Published: August 2023

Background. Developing health communication materials can be time-consuming. During infectious disease outbreaks, health communication materials to limit the spread of the disease are needed promptly, which hampers the ability to get input from the target audience. This paper proposes a strategy to rapidly develop culturally appropriate communication materials with adequate community feedback. Context. Our strategy is illustrated using a communication campaign to encourage COVID-19 testing in a Vietnamese-American enclave in New Orleans. The community has a high vulnerability to COVID-19 infection due to their isolation from mainstream public health information and COVID-19 related stigma and discrimination. Programmatic elements. The project included community-based COVID-19 testing services and communication activities to increase awareness of the testing centers and encourage frequent testing. Our proposed strategy involves two main components: 1) use of a research team with existing trust relationship with the target community and that includes researchers from that community, and 2) use of a cultural broker and community-based gatekeepers. Free PCR tests were offered daily at a community-based health center. Another community-based organization promoted testing and issued referrals. We developed brochures and posters to increase awareness of the testing services. The cultural broker and community-based partners helped identify key message concepts that were salient for the target audience, as well as the objectives and content of the materials, which were then reviewed by the entire team. The entire team provided feedback on mock-ups of the materials and subsequent revisions. Finalized materials were placed at both partner organizations and at strategic locations throughout the community and supplemented with newspaper advertisements and community outreach.Discussion. During infectious disease outbreaks there is a need to rapidly develop new health communication materials. Our proposed strategy strikes a balance between the need to disseminate new materials with minimal delay and the need for community input by using a research team with an established trust relationship with the community, cultural brokers, and community-based gatekeepers. Effective planning for public health emergencies must start long before the crisis occurs. Collaborations between researchers and community leaders should be developed and nurtured, and community representatives should be involved throughout the entire project.
Many Models in R: A Tutorial
Authors: Wright Liam
Published: August 2023

Statistical analyses in the health and social sciences are becoming more complex. It is increasingly common to see empirical papers including the results of tens, if not thousands, of models, such as in ‘outcome-wide’ epidemiological designs and Specification Curve Analysis. To perform analyses like these, researchers are required to write code to run many models and to present the results in a clear way. Yet, this is not a standard component of research training. Thus in this tutorial, we show how to write efficient code to run multiple models and convey the results concisely using the programming language R.
Inquiry into housing policies and practices for precariously housed older Australians
Authors: Faulkner Debbie , Sharam Andrea , James Amity , Tually Selina , Barrie Helen
Published: August 2023

This final Inquiry brings together the findings of three research projects to address how Australia can deliver the types of housing precariously housed individuals in, or approaching, retirement need to support their life aspirations, wellbeing, participation and inclusion. Over the last 20 years, housing options for older Australians on lower incomes have been getting worse with home ownership rates falling, more people carrying their mortgage debt into retirement and reduced access to social housing. By 2031 an estimated 440,000 older households will be unable to find or afford suitable housing.Lower income older Australians want housing that is achievable, with some factors gaining greater significance as people get older, such as they want to stay in an affordable home and to live in safe, secure and neighbourhoods. The Inquiry developed and explored alternative housing models through a survey with lower income households. There was a clear preference for a shared equity home ownership model, a cooperative housing model and a transportable housing model, which reflects the expectation that it is ‘normal’ to own one’s home in Australia.In addition, the research highlights that, even though many low income older householders can’t afford any form of mortgage, some people are paying large proportions of their income on rent. If they could get a loan there are two options that have the potential to deliver forms of home ownership, with the security of tenure and well being that provides: shared equity mortgages and land lease mortgages.The research mapped the increases (and decreases) in populations of older low income households across Australia and predicted changes in each area to 2031, measured in suburb-sized geographical areas. The largest projected increases are likely to be in peri-urban and outer-suburban regions, with some significant rises in regional and rural locations.
NFT/UID/UBIK im Metaverse: eine ludisch-künstlerische Erforschung
Authors: Jahrmann Margarete , Moswitzer Max
Published: August 2023

Der nachfolgende Artikel behandelt 1. die Re-Appropriation von Online Räumen SPACE/PLACE(historisch und philosophisch), 2. die psychophysische Kondition von Raumerleben und 3. neueerweiterte kulturelle RäumeRaum und Lokalität schaffen Realität. Den Stellenwert eines Ortes wird definiert durch Objekte,Avatare und Identitäten bzw. Entitäten. Unique Identifier - UIDs definieren eindeutig virtuelle Einheitenim online Metaverse1. Diese UIDs werden aber mit weniger Euphorie betrachtet als vergleichbareindeutige nicht austauschbare Objekt Identifikatoren, also Non-Fungible Tokens- NFTs2. Imkünstlerisch forschenden Spiel mit und in Metaversen werden Konditionen kapitalistisch geprägterWeltmodelle reflektiert, und in künstlerisch gestalteten Omniverse „Islands“ verhandelt. So entstehtvor allem eines: ein neues Raumverständnis im Verhältnis zu symbolischem Kapital.
Consent and Contestation: How Platform Workers Reckon with the Risks of Gig Labor
Authors: Schor Juliet , Vallas Stephen , Tirrell Christopher
Published: August 2023

How do gig workers respond to the various financial, physical, and legal risks their work entails? Answers to this question have remained unclear, largely because previous studies have overlooked structurally-induced variations in the experience of platform work. In this paper we develop a theory of differential embeddedness to explain why workers’ orientations toward the risks of gig work vary. We argue further that because platforms define themselves merely as mediators of exchanges between workers and customers, they systematically expose workers to various forms of customer malfeasance, ranging from fraud and tip baiting to harassment and assault. We develop this perspective using interviews with 70 workers in the ride-hail, grocery shopping and food delivery sectors. The structure of labor platforms indirectly invites workers to exhibit distinct normative orientations toward the risks that gig work entails while also multiplying the sources of these risks.
The floating duck syndrome: biased social learning leads to effort-reward imbalances
Authors: Akcay Erol , Ohashi Ryotaro
Published: August 2023

An increasingly common phenomenon in modern work and school settings is individuals taking on too many tasks and spending effort without commensurate rewards. Such an imbalance of efforts and rewards leads to myriad negative consequences, such as burnout, anxiety, and disease. Here, we develop a model to explain how such effort-reward imbalances can come about as a result of biased social learning dynamics. Our model is based on a phenomenon that on some US college campuses is called "the floating duck syndrome." This phrase refers to the social pressure on individuals to advertise their successes but hide the struggles and the effort put in to achieve them. We show that a bias against revealing the true effort results in social learning dynamics that lead others to underestimate the difficulty of the world. This in turn leads individuals to both invest too much total effort and spread this effort over too many activities, reducing the success rate from each activity and creating effort-reward imbalances. We also consider potential ways to counteract the floating duck effect: we find that solutions other than addressing the root cause, biased observation of effort, are unlikely to work.
Consumer Responses to Favorite Product Removal: Evidence from Beverage Vending Machines
Authors: Ching Andrew , Kawaguchi Kohei , Liu Jia , Yi Zhang
Published: August 2023

How do consumers react when their favorite product is removed? This paper sheds light on this question by using a novel dataset of vending machine purchases in Japanese train stations and a synthetic difference-in-differences approach. We find that for regular consumers, the removal of their favorite product would lead them to reduce their purchases in their favorite vending machine; however, we also find that it has no impact on their overall purchases at their favorite station. Our micro-level data show that some consumers stay with their favorite machine and buy something else; among those who leave their favorite machine, a large proportion of them are willing to visit other machines. We hypothesize that variety-seeking tendency may explain such heterogeneous consumer responses. Using four different measures of variety-seeking, we show that high variety-seeking consumers tend to stay with their favorite machine, and low variety-seeking consumers are more likely to visit other machines to try to find their favorite product.
Linking Physical Violence to Women's Mobility in Chile
Authors: Contreras Hugo Alejandro , Candia Cristian , Olchevskaia Rodrigo Vladislav Troncoso , Ferres Leo , Celedón María Loreto Bravo , Lepri Bruno , Rodriguez-Sickert Carlos
Published: August 2023

Despite increased global attention on violence against women, understanding the factors that lead to women becoming victims remains a critical challenge. Notably, the impact of domestic violence on women's mobility—a critical determinant of their social and economic independence—has remained largely unexplored. This study bridges this gap, employing police records to quantify physical and psychological domestic violence, while leveraging mobile phone data to proxy women's mobility. Our analyses reveal a negative correlation between physical violence and female mobility, an association that withstands robustness checks, including controls for economic independence variables like education, employment, and occupational segregation, bootstrapping of the data set, and applying a generalized propensity score matching identification strategy. The study emphasizes the potential causal role of physical violence on decreased female mobility, asserting the value of interdisciplinary research in exploring such multifaceted social phenomena to open avenues for preventive measures. The implications of this research extend into the realm of public policy and intervention development, offering new strategies to combat and ultimately eradicate domestic violence against women, thereby contributing to wider efforts toward gender equity.
The dimensions of negative emotion and attitude change toward foreign countries at crisis events: The case of Japan's mass attitudes toward South Korea and China
Authors: Kim Taehee , Shikano Susumu
Published: August 2023

Recent political psychological studies on intergroup relationships emphasize the crucial role of emotion in attitude formation and change toward outgroups. They also showed that the distinct dimensions of emotion play some differentiated roles. Relying on these findings, we hypothesize that emotion mediates the impact of the crisis event on the attitudes toward foreign countries. We also argue that the impact of emotion can differ along the distinct dimensions. To provide empirical evidence, we focus on the case of Japan in summer 2012, in which the most part of the public experienced international crises with South Korea and China almost simultaneously but in an only mediated and remote way. Our empirical analysis using a panel survey showed that the dimensions of anger and hatred played a crucial role in attitude changes, while the dimension of fear has no direct impact. Further, we also found the other socio-demographic factors and political attitudes were mediated by the relevant dimensions of emotion, but had no direct impact.
Climate Exposure Drives Firm Political Behavior: Evidence from Earnings Calls and Lobbying Data
Authors: Baehr Christian J. , Bare Fiona , Heddesheimer Vincent
Published: August 2023

When and how do firms engage in climate politics? Expected impacts drive politicalactivity. Specifically, we argue that regulatory concerns, business opportunities, andphysical risks activate policy preferences and lobbying efforts. We measure firm-levelexposure to opportunity, regulatory, and physical aspects of climate change basedon discussion in quarterly earnings call transcripts for 11,826 publicly traded firmsbetween 2001 and 2020. We estimate the effect of climate exposure on climate lobbyinginstances (extensive margin), expenditure (intensive margin), and targets (politicalentities). We find that more exposed companies, especially in terms of opportunitiesand regulation, are more likely to lobby. The type of climate exposure, both absoluteand relative to industry peers, dictates whether firms lobby, how much they spendon lobbying, and their choice of government target. Taken together, our findingsdemonstrate the importance of disaggregating firm-level perceptions of climate impactsto understand patterns in political activity.