bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Modal Fusion for Indoor RGB-D Semantic Segmentation with Transformers: Introducing CRDF
Authors: Teng Qianqian , He Xianbo , Zhu Ke
Published: September 2024

Indoor scene understanding is crucial for intelligent robotics, and RGB-D imagesprovide complementary depth information to enhance semantic segmentation.However, integrating multi-modal data poses challenges due to their inherentdifferences. In this paper, we propose CRDF, a Cross-modal Fusion frame-work specifically tailored for indoor scene RGB-D semantic segmentation usingTransformers. CRDF introduces the Pattern-Variable Feature Rectification (PV-FR) and Pattern-Variable Feature Fusion (PV-FF) modules, which effectivelyextract and fuse multi-scale features from RGB and depth images. By reducingattention computations on depth images during downsampling, CRDF achievesfast convergence and robust performance. Experiments on the NYU Depth v2and SUN-RGBD datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CRDF, achievingstate-of-the-art results with 55.51% mIoU and 67.73% MPA on NYU Depthv2, and 52.19% mIoU and 64.58% MPA on SUN-RGBD. Code is available at:https://github.com/tqqwww/CRDF.
A feature classification learning method based on multi-objective swarm intelligence optimization
Authors: Ma Fumin , Zhong Yuqi , Chen Yihui , Ding Xiaojian , Yang Fan
Published: September 2024

In the context of the exponential growth in data volume, the efficient and accurate classification of large and often redundant datasets has become a critical aspect of data processing and analysis. The Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), known for its randomized parameter selection and efficient hidden layer mapping, is particularly adept at classifying nonlinear problems, especially when dealing with large-scale data. However, the random initialization of hidden layer parameters in a single ELM network introduces inherent uncertainty, which can lead to significant fluctuations in data representation and processing within the network. These fluctuations may result in instability in classification outcomes. Additionally, when the training data contain noise, individual ELMs may be prone to overfitting.To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel enhanced ELM classification algorithm, referred to as ELM-MOFGA. The algorithm utilizes a Multi-Objective Fitness Genetic Algorithm (MOFGA) to evaluate and optimize a series of ELM classifiers, incorporating a more robust double error rate evaluation to improve the stability and reliability of the classifiers. The most optimal predictions from the ensemble of multiple ELM models are then aggregated through a voting mechanism, significantly enhancing the models' overall performance and stability. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ELM-MOFGA algorithm achieves superior prediction accuracy when applied to the Cancer, Diabetic, and Fourclass datasets.
Effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on the mass transfer of NaCl and moisture in radish tissues (Raphanus sativus L.): Accelerating diffusion rates while maintaining intact microstructure
Authors: Jeong Se-Ho , Lee Han-Baek , Park Gyeong-Seo , Shahbaz Hafiz Muhammad , Lee Dong-Un
Published: September 2024

The present study investigated the effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on the mass transfer of NaCl and moisture in radish tissues. PEF treatment was administered by adjusting the number of pulses (50, 75, and 150) at a fixed field strength, pulse width, and frequency (1.0 kV/cm, 20 μs, and 50 Hz, respectively). The degree of cell membrane permeability was estimated using the conductivity disintegration index (Z-index). Three numeric models (Peleg, Azuara, and Crank) were employed to predict the mass transfer of NaCl and moisture. The Z-index increased with PEF intensity (0.16, 0.39, and 0.85, respectively). The initial absorption of NaCl was increased in proportion to the Z-index. PEF treatment accelerated the mass transfer of NaCl under isotonic (1% NaCl) and hypertonic conditions (5% and 10% NaCl) while holding the moisture of radish tissue. The PEF treatment suppressed volume shrinkage owing to the maintenance of an intact microstructure under the hypertonic conditions. Based on these findings, PEF treatment can help reduce salting concentration or time, while simultaneously enhancing the physical quality of salted radish.
A survey of Smallholder dairy cattle farmers in Tanzania: Farmer Demographic Characteristics and Basic Management Constraints
Authors: Ngou Athanas , Laven Richard , Parkinson Timothy , Donaghy Danny , Kashoma Isaac
Published: September 2024

Background
Since the 1980s, there has been a significant change in the population of smallholder dairy cattle farmers across Tanzania. Therefore, we lack demographic data on that population as well as information on the key constraints reducing productivity. This survey of smallholder dairy farmers across six regions of Tanzania aimed to provide demographic data and to identify those key constraints.
Results
Of the 301 households surveyed, 74% were headed by men, but in Njombe there was an equal number of women and men. Across all regions, the majority of household heads were aged between 41 to 60 years and had ≤ 10 years of experience as a smallholder dairy farmer. Dairying was the major source of income on 84% of households, ranging from 59–100%, across the six regions. Most respondents had primary education but had gone no further (55%); however, in Morogoro 68% of farmers had been in secondary/university education. Across four regions (Njombe, Mbeya, Kilimanjaro and Arusha), herd size of 3–4 animals was most common (32–50%); however, in Morogoro and Tanga most herds had ˃4 animals (66% and 78%, respectively). Zero-grazing was the most common grazing system (75%), but tethering was predominant (68%) in Mbeya. Across all regions natural pastures were the principal feed source. Across all respondents, cash purchase was the most common means of obtaining their first cattle beast (66%), although in Mbeya a gift from a relative/friend (49%) was the most common source., High input costs (93%), unavailability of feed (71%), lack of land (68%) and diseases (62%) were the most commonly identified constraints., while high breeding costs (96%), poor oestrus detection (89%), cows not displaying oestrus (79%) and lack of AI services (51%) were the key constraints to successful breeding.
Conclusion
Although there are significant common pints across all six regions in our study, demographic differences across the regions necessitate a regional approach to development. This approach needs to focus on who the farmers are in that region and what those farmers need rather than trying to implement the same solutions across Tanzania.
Research on laser-induced plasma shock wave propulsion microspheres based on fiber structure
Authors: Yu Haichao , Sun Wenhui , Gong Chenghao , Liu Xuelian
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to microsphere propulsion by harnessing laser-induced plasma shock waves through fiber structures. The research provides a comprehensive analysis of various propulsion aspects, including motion characteristics (distance, velocity), propulsion efficiency, power sources, and potential applications. To gain deeper insights into the experimental outcomes, a physical model of the fiber propulsion structure was developed. The investigation highlights the substantial impact of factors such as laser energy, microsphere size, and fiber structure design on the motion characteristics and propulsion efficiency of microspheres, as evidenced by the analysis of experimental and simulation data. Analysis of characteristic peaks in the plasma spectrum confirms that the power propelling the microsphere is derived from the shock wave generated by air plasma expansion. Moreover, the direction of microsphere movement indirectly validates the spherical expansion of the shock wave, aligning with simulation findings. Notably, the fiber structure is shown to have the capacity to manipulate the shock wave's propagation direction, opening up possibilities for applications like laser billiard ball and surface impurity particle removal. These findings offer valuable theoretical underpinning for future research pursuits.
Natural convection of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow in an inclined porous trapezoidal enclosure
Authors: Roy Nepal Chandra , Pop Ioan
Published: September 2024

This study reveals the flow and heat transfer of natural convection flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in an inclined trapezoidal cavity embedded in a porous medium. The left inclined wall of the enclosure is isothermally heated while the right inclined wall is cold. The top and bottom walls are adiabatic. Using variable transformations, the governing equations of the problem are transformed into a dimensionless system of equations. For numerical simulations, a coordinate transformation is utilized which converts the physical domain to computational domain. The equations of computational domain are solved using the finite difference method. The effects of volume fractions of nanoparticles (φ1, φ2, φ3), Rayleigh number (Ra), enclosure inclination (γ) and inclined walls' inclination (Ω) are elucidated with streamlines, isotherms and average Nusselt number. Intensity of stream function gradually increases with the increase of enclosure inclination, Rayleigh number, and nanoparticles' volume fractions. On the other hand, the average Nusselt number exponentially augments for increasing volume fractions of nanoparticles and Rayleigh number, however, it shows a parabolic pattern for an increase in the inclination angles of the enclosure and inclined walls. Moreover, Al2O3-water nanofluid's heat transfer is higher than pure water and Cu-Al2O3-water hybrid nanofluid's heat transfer is higher than that of the nanofluid. It is also found that the average Nusselt number for ternary hybrid nanofluid is higher than nanofluid's and hybrid nanofluid's average Nusselt number, although the total nanoparticles' volume fraction for ternary hybrid nanofluid is lower than for those.
Investigating the Effects of High Magnetic Fields on the Phase Stability of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10-δ Superconductor
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia, Hassan Belqees , Alnakhlani Ali ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia, Abdulhafiz Muhammad ,   Biological and Physical Sciences Department, Columbus State Community College,Columbus, USA
Published: September 2024

The standard superconducting oxides technique for synthesising superconducting oxides was applied under normal pressure to prepare the Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10-δ (Tl-2223) superconductor. It is found the optimal conditions and synthesis methods to achieve the formation and stability of the high phase Tl-2223, as well as the appropriate working ranges for the samples to obtain the best superconductor characteristics. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated the formation of the tetragonal phase of Tl-2223. The transition behaviour of sample was studied using high magnetic fields ranging from zero T to 10T. The results demonstrated an estimated critical magnetic field (Hc2) of about 20T and a long coherence length of approximately 4 nm. The transition temperature of about 122 K and the direct current (DC) susceptibility of the superconductor were calculated. It was noted that with an increase in the applied magnetic field, both the transformation temperature and the DC susceptibility values decreased at T = 0 K. These findings provide important insights into the properties and behaviour of Tl-2223 under different conditions.
Influence of TiO2 Phases and Operational Parameters on Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange
Authors:   School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ahmad Abdul Latif , Chin Jing Yi ,   School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Alaudin Abdul Majeed ,   School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Mohd Masri Norhanis Farhana ,   School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: September 2024

In the textile industry, the wastewater produced consists of large amount of dyes. These dyes possess harm to environmental and public health. TiO2 is one of the most common photocatalysts, however studies about degradation efficiency of dye using different phases of TiO2 is scared. Employing photocatalysis, the novelty of this study is to compare methyl orange (MO) degradation efficiency of pure phases of photocatalysts TiO2 (anatase, rutile and brookite) in terms of their photochemical properties and underlying photocatalytic mechanism. Characterisation evaluations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to assess morphology, chemical structure, crystal structure and electron transfer resistance of the photocatalysts. MO adsorption-photocatalysis removal percentage by pure phase TiO2, which are anatase, brookite and rutile were attained at 57%, 48% and 19%, respectively. The main reason that contributes to high degradation rate of MO by TiO2-anatase could be due to the good dye-photocatalyst affinity and the least electron transfer resistance. Besides, other affecting parameters such as initial concentration of photocatalyst, initial concentration of dye and pH of the dye solution were evaluated. It was found that photocatalytic efficiency was enhanced with increasing initial concentration of photocatalyst from 0.25 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL (degradation improved from 50% to 80%), with decreasing initial dye concentration and under acidic condition.
ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Surgical Odontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco., Fahim Oumaima , Kissi Lamia ,   Surgical Odontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco., Benyahya Ihsane ,   Surgical Odontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: September 2024

Odontogenic keratocyst is a peculiar benign intraosseous lesion, recognized for its local and progressive invasive potential and high recurrence rate, which have led to its classification and reclassification.It constitutes 10-20% of odontogenic cysts and is the third most common cyst of the jaws, with peak incidence in the second and fourth decades.The aim of this report is to present a case study of an odontogenic keratocyst in a 27-year-old female patient, and to provide an overview of this lesion, highlighting their pertinent clinical, radiographic features as well as its surgical management.
ENHANCING HYBRID RICE PERFORMANCE: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL ORGANIC SUPPLEMENTS
Authors: Utto Salibo Andal , M. Dicolano Musa , Mocktar K. Ebrahim JN , S. Usop Muslimin
Published: September 2024

The study investigates the effects of integrating organic and inorganic supplements on hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation in Maguindanao, aiming to enhance sustainable rice production. Employing a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten treatments, including the full recommended rate (RR) of inorganic fertilizers and various combinations with organic supplements like Crop Giant and Biosea Boost, the study measured key yield parameters. The results show that the full RR consistently produced the highest yields and the most favorable yield parameters, including panicle weight and the number of filled grains. While combinations of reduced RR with organic supplements showed potential, they did not consistently outperform the full RR treatment. The study concludes that while the full RR is most effective in maximizing yield, combinations of organic and inorganic supplements offer a viable alternative for those seeking cost-effective or environmentally friendly practices. These findings underscore the importance of selecting the right combination of supplements to optimize rice production, particularly in regions with similar agro-climatic conditions. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of these combinations on soil health and sustainability, as well as to investigate other organic supplements that could enhance rice productivity when used in combination with reduced rates of inorganic fertilizers. This research is particularly significant for rice farmers in Maguindanao, where sustainable practices are crucial for long-term food security and economic stability.
COVID-19
Authors: Shipra Jaidka Dr. , Farhat Khan Dr. , Deepti Jawa Dr. , Ash Dr.
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has profoundly affected global health, economies, and daily life since its emergence in late 2019. This article reviews the pandemics trajectory, public health responses, vaccine development and distribution, and the ongoing challenges in managing COVID-19. It also examines the lessons learned and how these can inform future preparedness for pandemics. Emphasis is placed on the importance of international cooperation, robust healthcare systems, and the role of science and technology in addressing global health crises.
BREATHING NEW LIFE: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCES ROLE AND CHALLENGES IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA DIAGNOSIS
Authors:   Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Singh Arkaja , Maheshwari Mashal ,   Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Rao Sameer ,   Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA., Shahnawaz Warda ,   Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan., Gunani Manas ,   Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA., Gopani Srushti ,   Government Medical College, Surat., Poigai Arunachalam Shivaram ,   Assistant Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.Assistant Professor of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Published: September 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and underdiagnosed condition that significantly impacts patients quality of life and poses health risks. Artificial intelligence (AI) in OSA care offers promising opportunities for improved diagnosis, treatment, and patient monitoring. This article explores different AI-based approaches to OSA diagnosis, such as machine learning algorithms to analyze oximetry, airflow, and other variables, smartphone apps to detect sleep-related disorders, and heart rate variability analysis. Despite its potential, integrating AI into OSA care presents challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, clinical validation, and ethical considerations. Strategies to improve AI usage include generating rich datasets, ensuring model interpretability, obtaining regulatory approvals, continuously learning and adapting models, integrating with electronic health records, and facilitating human-AI collaboration. Additionally, validation across diverse populations, user-friendly interfaces, and an ethical approach to patient data are critical to successful AI implementation. By addressing these considerations, AI can revolutionize OSA diagnosis and treatment, leading to better patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare delivery.
CRISPR IN ORAL ONCOLOGY: BRIDGING PRECISION MEDICINE AND ETHICAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Selvam Divyabharathi , Vasudevan Karthikeyan
Published: September 2024

CRISPR technology has revolutionized gene editing, with implications across various fields, including oncology. In oral cancer research, CRISPR offers unprecedented precision in targeting and modifying cancer-associated genes. However, despite its promise, significant challenges prevent its widespread clinical use. This Perspective article will focus on the critical challenges of CRISPR implementation in oral oncology, such as the technical limitations, ethical concerns, and the need for innovative delivery mechanisms. We propose that addressing these issues could pave the way for more effective and personalized cancer treatments.
INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MINERAL ADMIXED AUTOCLAVED FOAM CONCRETE
Authors: Işıldar Nuri , Kılınçarslan Şemsettin , Davraz Metin
Published: September 2024

In this study, the aim was to develop a non-combustible, economical, and entirely domestically sourced and technology-based autoclaved foam concrete thermal insulation material. In autoclaved foam concrete (AFC) with a density of 300 kg/m3, which meets thermal insulation material standards, the density, capillary water absorption coefficient, compressive and flexural strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity, dynamic modulus of elasticity, thermal conductivity, and the mineralogical properties of hydration products based on XRD of some silica-based mineral additives (fly ash, amorphous silica, and metakaolin) substituted at different ratios (5%, 10%, and 15%) for cement were investigated. Autoclaving improved the physico-mechanical properties of mineral-added foam concrete. Among the mineral additives, the highest strength values were obtained in the foam concrete with 5% metakaolin, while the lowest thermal conductivity and capillary water absorption values were obtained in the foam concrete with 5% fly ash. The study concluded that autoclaving is highly effective in producing a sustainable thermal insulation material in foam concrete.
Individual Characteristics in the Comprehension of Pandemic Video Communication: Randomized Controlled Between-Subjects Design
Authors: Lungu Daniel Adrian , Røislien Jo , Smeets Ionica , Wiig Siri , Brønnick Kolbjørn Kallesten
Published: September 2024

Background

Video played an important role in health communication throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. It was used to communicate pandemic information to the public, with a variety of formats, presenters, and topics. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of video features is available, while how individual characteristics of recipients influence communication comprehension is still limited.

Objective

This study aimed to test 6 individual characteristics and assess their effect on the comprehension of pandemic video communication.

Methods

Short health communication videos were presented to a large sample of subjects, receiving questionnaire responses from 1194 participants. Individual characteristics consisted of age, sex, living area, education level, income level, and belief in science. Communication comprehension consisted of both perceived and objective comprehension. The data were analyzed by multiple linear regression.

Results

Age had a negative effect on both perceived and objective comprehension—age was negatively associated with comprehension. There were sex differences, with higher perceived comprehension and lower objective comprehension among female than male individuals. Living in an urban or a rural area had no significant effect (all P>.05). The level of education and income had a positive effect on both subjective and objective comprehension. Finally, the belief in science had a positive effect on perceived comprehension (P<.001) but did not have a statistically significant effect on objective comprehension (P=.87).

Conclusions

The main differences between those who think they understand pandemic communication and those who comprehend it better are sex (female individuals have a higher perception of having comprehended, while male individuals have higher levels of objective comprehension) and belief in science (higher belief in science leads to higher perceived comprehension, while it does not have any impact on objectively understanding the message conveyed).
Raw Photoplethysmography as an Enhancement for Research-Grade Wearable Activity Monitors (Preprint)
Authors: Hibbing Paul R , Khan Maryam Misal
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Wearable monitors continue to play a critical role in scientific assessments of physical activity. Recently, research-grade monitors have begun providing raw data from photoplethysmography (PPG) alongside standard raw data from inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes). Raw PPG enables granular and transparent estimation of cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate, thus presenting a valuable alternative to standard PPG methodologies (most of which rely on consumer-grade monitors that provide only coarse output from proprietary algorithms). The implications for physical activity assessment are tremendous, since it is now feasible to monitor granular and concurrent trends in both movement and cardiovascular physiology using a single noninvasive device. However, new users must also be aware of challenges and limitations that accompany the use of raw PPG data. This viewpoint paper therefore orients new users to the opportunities and challenges of raw PPG data by presenting its mechanics, pitfalls, and availability, as well as its parallels and synergies with inertial sensors. This includes discussion of specific applications to the prediction of energy expenditure, activity type, and 24-hour movement behaviors, with an emphasis on areas in which raw PPG data may help resolve known issues with inertial sensing (eg, measurement during cycling activities). We also discuss how the impact of raw PPG data can be maximized through the use of open-source tools when developing and disseminating new methods, similar to current standards for raw accelerometer and gyroscope data. Collectively, our comments show the strong potential of raw PPG data to enhance the use of research-grade wearable activity monitors in science over the coming years.
Biases in online vs. paper-pencil number line tasks in older adults (Preprint)
Authors: Jung Stefanie , Janssen Roman Juls , Klein Elise
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Digital and web-based at-home tests are increasingly important in neuropsychological assessments, providing various advantages (e.g., automated response recording, standardization, time, and cost savings). Extensive comparability between standard paper-based and online testing has been demonstrated, in particular, among adults. Evidence of test-mode effects (i.e., differences between paper-based or online testing) in older adults (> 60 years), who often show minor digital adoption (e.g., affecting visual, perceptual, cognitive, and physical abilities) attributed to typical age-related changes, is limited.
The present study compared the test-mode effects between supervised paper-based and web-based at-home testing using an unconscious but systematic neuropsychological phenomenon, the pseudoneglect, in simple (number) line bisection and number line estimation tasks in N = 77 neurologically healthy over (n = 41 males and n = 36 females over 60 years). Results showed that the pseudoneglect was present in both testing environments in all (number) line bisection tasks, while test mode did not affect this systematic perceptual bias or its variance. However, web-based at-home online testing resulted in a larger skew (i.e., more s-shaped curvature) of estimation in all number line estimation tasks. This bias can be explained by the amended response format (pencil vs. computer mouse) and the age-related inexperience with the test mode. In conclusion, we consider only online line bisection tasks in older adults to be directly comparable to paper-pencil testing, with all the advantages of online data acquisition.
Elementos de religiosidad indígena en la visión mestiza novohispana del siglo XVI
Authors: Popescu Liviu
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo plantea el problema del camino que sigue el imaginario del cronista mestizo del siglo XVI respecto al pensamiento religioso indígena; por lo que se analizan las obras de Diego Muñoz Camargo, Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl y Juan Bautista Pomar, explorando cómo se refleja el sentimiento religioso indígena en el imaginario de estos tres autores. Con esto, se identifica una visión híbrida específica, inclinada a valorar el pensamiento religioso indígena en el registro cristiano.
The effect of COVID-19 on the presentation of thyroid antibodies. Case report
Authors: Zeqiraj Afrim
Published: September 2024

Background. In December 2019, the World Health Organization was notified about cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology originating in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and other thyroid disorders including Graves’ disease affects almost 5 % of the general population. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a chronic disease in which the body interprets the thyroid gland and its hormone products as threats, therefore producing special antibodies that target thyroid cells, thereby destroying them. It may pre­sent with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and with or without goiter. Basic questions in the consideration of a clinical case: what is COVID-19, and health complications? What concerns are related to pain in the front of the neck? How much has COVID-19 affected the occurrence of thyroid problems? Сase report. A 40-year-old man presented to the infectious disease clinic with a fever (37.9 °C), sore throat, body aches, and lethargy for 3 days on January 25, 2021. Due to the clinical features and the COVID-19 pandemic, a nasopharyngeal swab was used for sampling, and SARS-CoV-2 test was positive (mRNA in real time RT-PCR). On the 13th day, the patient’s general condition improved, but he complained of sore throat. On re-examination, we noticed a slight tenderness in the neck in the thyroid area. On thyroid ultrasound, a heterogeneous thyroid gland with ill-defined bilateral hypoechoic areas revealed subacute thyroiditis. The same patient presented to the infectious clinic with a fever (37.1 °C), sore throat, body aches and fatigue on June 28, 2022. After 5 days, the test for SARS-CoV-2 was negative, but, after one month of recovery, blood samples were analyzed to identify the functional state of the thyroid gland, and we obtained results with high values of thyroid-stimu­lating hormone. Conclusions. COVID-19 is a new disease for which larger-scale research is still ongoing, potential complications of COVID-19 and organ involvement are still being elucidated in the literature. Pain in the front of the neck, which can be combined with the upper part of the respiratory tract, especially in the conditions of COVID-19, should not be overlooked and requires further examinations. Subacute thyroiditis is a rare complication of COVID-19 that should be considered, especially in the progression of COVID-19 and the appea­rance of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Coral plant (Jatropha multifida L) leaf extracts inhibit dengue virus-2 (DENV-2) growth through NS5
Authors: Yuniyanti Mia Munawaroh , Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih Mae
Published: September 2024

The incidence of dengue fever (DF) increases drastically from year to year, especially in tropical countries like Indonesia. In contrast, antiviral against dengue virus (DENV) is not available in clinics, yet. Jatropha multifica L, locally named tanaman yodium/coral plant, is a medicinal plant that is traditionally used to treat dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). However, its scientific evidence is limited. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral activity of J. multifida L leaf extracts against DENV-2 and evaluate the effect on NS5 RNA expression. The leaf extracts were prepared by multilevel extraction using chloroform and methanol. The study was conducted in vitro using DEN-2 and Vero cells. The antiviral activity was assessed by using qRT-PCR to assess the number of virus copies and then used to calculate the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50). The effect of the most active extract on NS5 DENV-2 RNA expression was then evaluated by using qRT-PCR. Among 4 extracts tested, the methanolic insoluble chloroformic extract (MIS) is the most active with an IC50 value of 124.3 μg/mL. Furthermore, the MIS (0.02) strongly inhibited NS5 DENV-2 RNA expression compared to control (1.0). In conclusion, the MIS of J. multifida is active against DENV-2 through inhibition of NS5 RNA expression.
Comparison ondansetron and domperidon as antiemetic for gastroenteritis in children: a review
Authors: Siregar Mardiana , Wiedyaningsih Chairun , Mutiara Rina
Published: September 2024

Gastroenteritis (GE) is the leading cause of vomiting in children. It is the main reason children admitted into emergency departments (EDs). Vomiting can cause fluid loss therefore oral rehydration solution (ORT) is recommended as supportive care for mild to moderate dehydration. Antiemetic therapy for GE is not fully recommended by any management guidelines. However, in some studies, antiemetics including ondansetron and domperidone are used in vomiting-related GE. This review aimed to compare ondansetron and domperidone for the treatment of GE in children. The article search was performed to identify relevant publications using PubMed database PubMed. PRISMA flow diagram was used as protocol during the article screening process. Eight
ENFRENTAMENTO À MORTALIDADE MATERNA NO ESTADO DO AMAPÁ: PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO DO PROFID
Authors: Mendes Lise Maria Carvalho , Pantoja Luane Julyelle Duarte , Frota Alessandra Yasmim Freitas da , Santos Hanna Moraes dos , Bueno Caike Michel Pessoa , Canuto Édico Renê de Carvalho , Souza Vilmara Crystine Fonseca Gomes de , Costa Rafael Wagner dos Santos , Souza Leandro Rodrigues de , Lima Melque da Costa
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo propõe apresentar os resultados do projeto de extensão da UNIFAP Enfrentamento à mortalidade materna no estado do Amapá.  Metodologia: O projeto foi desenvolvido em instituições públicas e privadas que prestam assistência às mulheres durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, incluindo unidades de pronto atendimento, unidades básicas de saúde e escolas. Cada instituição recebeu uma capacitação de quatro horas. Foram também realizadas capacitações via Google Meet, com pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo. As capacitações abordaram a identificação, orientação e tratamento de sinais e sintomas de gravidade no ciclo gravídico-puerperal, englobando aspectos biológicos e psicossociais. O público-alvo direto incluiu médicos, enfermeiros, fisioterapeutas, técnicos de enfermagem, gestores de saúde e acadêmicos da área da saúde. Resultados: O projeto pretendeu não apenas aprimorar a competência técnica dos profissionais de saúde, mas também promover uma conscientização mais ampla sobre a importância de uma abordagem integral na assistência à saúde materna. A redução das taxas de mortalidade materna resultará em benefícios significativos para a saúde pública e para a coesão social no estado do Amapá, contribuindo para a formação de um sistema de saúde mais eficiente e humanizado.
APLICAÇÃO DA MODELAGEM DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ESPÉCIES (MDE) NO BIOMA MATA ATLÂNTICA: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Miranda Jéssica Figuera Oliveira , Matos Mara Rojane Barros de , Orge Maria Dolores Ribeiro
Published: September 2024

Conhecer a distribuição geográfica das espécies é essencial para os planos de conservação e é influenciado por fatores de adaptação, hábitos, interações planta-animal e estratégias de dispersão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a importância da aplicação da Modelagem de Distribuição de Espécies (MDS) na indicação do estado ambiental do bioma Mata Atlântica, por meio de uma análise bibliométrica sistemática. Foram avaliados artigos publicados nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e Scielo no período dos últimos 14 anos (2010-2024), utilizando-se os termos de busca "modelagem de distribuição de espécies, Mata Atlântica, variáveis bioclimáticas, ecologia de restauração" utilizando o algoritmo R. O primeiro filtro de busca com os dois termos iniciais indicou uma produção científica mundial de 263 (100%) artigos sobre o uso de MDS na Mata Atlântica entre 17 países, com destaque para o Brasil (N=200; 76,05%). Esses dados iniciais foram refinados por variáveis bioclimáticas e o R levantou 61 (100%) artigos, em seguida foram selecionados 9 (15%) artigos com mais de 20 citações, dos quais apenas 4 (7%) utilizaram SDM para restauração florestal. O manejo de espécies sensíveis, bioindicadores do bioma Mata Atlântica, requer o uso de modelos que identifiquem áreas de ocorrência potencial, com base na aptidão do habitat, para determinar locais prioritários de conservação para reduzir lacunas significativas nesse conhecimento biogeográfico, apesar de ser um hotspot de destaque global.
REAPROVEITAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DE MADEIRAS AMAZÔNICAS POR MEIO DO DESIGN SUSTENTÁVEL AMPLIANDO HORIZONTES DE COMUNIDADE RIBEIRINHA
Authors: Lopes Adriana Mar , Pereira Helder Alexandre Amorim , Menezes Thiago Marcelo Silvano de
Published: September 2024

A relevância do impacto socioambiental causado pela extração e consumo da madeira amazônica embasam esta pesquisa, cujo objetivo de estudo é contribuir para a viabilidade produtiva e o desenvolvimento sustentável por meio do processamento de resíduos madeireiros na comunidade Terra Preta, área de reserva no interior do estado do Amazonas. Por intermédio do caráter interdisciplinar do Design várias áreas de pesquisa contribuíram com este trabalho para que a gestão sustentável da manipulação da madeira pudesse unir as características da cultura e sociedade locais, que estão atreladas a práticas próprias do design vernacular na comunidade ao método projetual do design thinking. Para tanto, foi necessária uma revisão bibliográfica, apresentada em capítulos, para compreender a relação entre sociedade e unidades de reserva, desenvolvimento sustentável, propriedades da madeira e design de superfície. Além disso a sequência metódica também foi importante para alcançar o objetivo proposto. Como resultado obteve-se a possibilidade factual de que o treinamento e a aplicação de técnicas de criação conjunta resultariam em crescimento econômico e valorização social para os membros da comunidade ribeirinha Terra Preta.
Chronicle International Conference “Modern speech communication in different areas of society” dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Olga B. Sirotinina
Authors: Andreeva Svetlana Vladimirovna , Myaksheva Olga Viktorovna
Published: September 2024

On October 20-21, 2023 Saratov State University hosted the International Conference “Modern Speech Communication in Different Areas of Society” dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Olga B. Sirotinina. 75 scientists from 28 universities of the Russian Federation and abroad participated in the conference with their reports. The conference reflected the current level of scientific understanding of the “communication” continuum and allowed to identify patterns of functioning of the language system in different areas of society.
The multidimensional nature of language and speech units: Chronicle of the IV Scientific Interuniversity online seminar in memory of professor V.V. Babaytseva
Authors: Vysotskaya Irina Vsevolodovna , Petrova Natalia Evgenievna
Published: September 2024

An overview is given of the IV scientific interuniversity online seminar in memory of Professor Vera V. Babaytseva "Multidimensional units of language and speech", held at the Humanitarian Institute of Novosibirsk State University (February 10, 2024).
Mediating Power-to-X: A case study of green imaginaries and environmental conflicts in local Danish news media
Authors: Horsbøl Anders
Published: September 2024

Recently, Power-to-X (PtX) has come to play a prominent role in the public discussion of a green energy future, with high hopes expressed by political and business players. In the Danish news media, PtX has experienced a steep rise in attention, which calls for studies of how PtX is made sense of as a societal, not only a technological, phenomenon. Informed by the notion of sociotechnical imaginaries, this article investigates the local introduction of PtX in Frederica, one of the forerunner towns for PtX in Denmark, as represented in the coverage of the daily newspaper Fredericia Dagblad. The study analyses how PtX is made sense of by being connected to local actors, circumstances, and imagined futures. Two diverging sociotechnical imaginaries are identified, centring on 1) local (business) cooperation for green energy solutions towards a PtX adventure, and 2) concerns for scarce nature in a densely industrialised area. The findings show both similarities with and differences to already known mediatised environmental conflicts and point to dynamics between media, market, politics, and civil society in future mediatised environmental conflicts.
Does portal vein anatomy influence intrahepatic distribution of metastases from colorectal cancer?
Authors: Tribolet Anaïs , Barat Maxime , Fuks David , Aissaoui Mathilde , Soyer Philippe , Marchese Ugo , Gaillard Martin , Nassar Alexandra , Hardwigsen Jean , Tzedakis Stylianos
Published: September 2024

Background

Other than location of the primary colorectal cancer (CRC), a few factors are known to influence the intrahepatic distribution of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). We aimed to assess whether the anatomy of the portal vein (PV) could influence the intrahepatic distribution of CRLM.

Patients and methods

Patients with CRLM diagnosed between January 2018 and December 2022 at two tertiary centers were included and imaging was reviewed by two radiologists independently. Intra-operator concordance was assessed according to the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The influence of the diameter, angulation of the PV branches and their variations on the number and distribution of CRLM were compared using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson's Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests.

Results

Two hundred patients were included. ICC was high (> 0.90, P < 0.001). Intrahepatic CRLM distribution was right-liver, left-liver unilateral and bilateral in 66 (33%), 24 (12%) and 110 patients (55%), respectively. Median number of CRLM was 3 (1–7). Type 1, 2 and 3 portal vein variations were observed in 156 (78%), 19 (9.5%) and 25 (12%) patients, respectively. CRLM unilateral or bilateral distribution was not influenced by PV anatomical variations (P = 0.13), diameter of the right (P = 0.90) or left (P = 0.50) PV branches, angulation of the right (P = 0.20) or left (P = 0.80) PV branches and was independent from primary tumor localisation (P = 0.60). No correlations were found between CRLM number and diameter (R: 0.093, P = 0.10) or angulation of the PV branches (R: 0.012, P = 0.83).

Conclusions

PV anatomy does not seem to influence the distribution and number of CRLM.
Predictive potential of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and plasma-derived angiogenic factors for response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in human papillomavirus-negative oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Longo Alja , Hudler Petra , Strojan Primoz , Plavc Gaber , Umek Lan , Popovic Katarina Surlan
Published: September 2024

Background

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can assess tumour vascularity, which depends on the process of angiogenesis and affects tumour response to treatment. Our study explored the associations between DCE-MRI parameters and the expression of plasma angiogenic factors in human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative oropharyngeal cancer, as well as their predictive value for response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT).

Patients and methods

Twenty-five patients with locally advanced HPV-negative oropharyngeal carcinoma were prospectively enrolled in the study. DCE-MRI and blood plasma sampling were conducted before cCRT, after receiving a radiation dose of 20 Gy, and after the completion of cCRT. Perfusion parameters ktrans, kep, Ve, initial area under the curve (iAUC) and plasma expression levels of angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], connective tissue growth factor [CTGF], platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]-AB, angiogenin [ANG], endostatin [END] and thrombospondin-1 [THBS1]) were measured at each time-point. Patients were stratified into responders and non-responders based on clinical evaluation. Differences and correlations between measures were used to generate prognostic models for response prediction.

Results

Higher perfusion parameter ktrans and higher plasma VEGF levels successfully discriminated responders from non-responders across all measured time-points, whereas higher iAUC and higher plasma PDGF-AB levels were also discriminative at selected time points. Using early intra-treatment measurements of ktrans and VEGF, a predictive model was created with cut-off values of 0.259 min−1 for ktrans and 62.5 pg/mL for plasma VEGF.

Conclusions

Early intra-treatment DCE-MRI parameter ktrans and plasma VEGF levels may be valuable early predictors of response to cCRT in HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer.
Analysis of magnetic resonance contrast agent entrapment following reversible electroporation in vitro
Authors: Strucic Marko , Miklavcic Damijan , Vidic Zala , Scuderi Maria , Sersa Igor , Kranjc Matej
Published: September 2024

Background

Administering gadolinium-based contrast agent before electroporation allows the contrast agent to enter the cells and enables MRI assessment of reversibly electroporated regions. The aim of this study was evaluation of contrast agent entrapment in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and comparison of these results with those determined by standard in vitro methods for assessing cell membrane permeability, cell membrane integrity and cell survival following electroporation.

Materials and methods

Cell membrane permeabilization and cell membrane integrity experiments were performed using YO-PRO-1 dye and propidium iodide, respectively. Cell survival experiments were performed by assessing metabolic activity of cells using MTS assay. The entrapment of gadolinium-based contrast agent gadobutrol inside the cells was evaluated using T1 relaxometry of cell suspensions 25 min and 24 h after electroporation and confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results

Contrast agent was detected 25 min and 24 h after the delivery of electric pulses in cells that were reversibly electroporated. In addition, contrast agent was present in irreversibly electroporated cells 25 min after the delivery of electric pulses but was no longer detected in irreversibly electroporated cells after 24 h. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry showed a proportional decrease in gadolinium content per cell with shortening of T1 relaxation time (R
2 = 0.88 and p = 0.0191).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that the contrast agent is entrapped in cells exposed to reversible electroporation but exits from cells exposed to irreversible electroporation within 24 h, thus confirming the hypothesis on which detection experiments in vivo were based.