bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulation technology for lipase added infant formula to improve gastrointestinal digestion: a review
Authors: Sari Ratna Nurmalita
Published: February 2025

Lipase role in milk lipid digestion is crucial since fat is the common source of infant nutrition. Human milk as the golden standard of infant nutrition contains bile salt-stimulated lipase which plays a significant role in gaining baby’s weight. In achieving the goal of infant formula to mimic human milk, researchers are concerned to add lipase in infant formula called LAIF (lipase-added infant formula). Since lipase is heat labile, microencapsulation is needed as an approach to stabilize lipase by adding in infant formula. This article reviews the possibility of micro-encapsulation for optimizing the lipase addition. Alginate beads encapsulate product from algae which can be used since it is usually used in commercial powder infant formula. Milk proteins also an option since the proteins contain high nutritional values and are categorized as safe materials. In the legumes group, pea protein could be the prospective option since the material has good solubility in water, stability in high temperatures, and good foaming capacity. Microencapsulation technology makes it possible to make longer shef life and improving stability of lipase in infant formula.
Panelists' acceptance of ice cream with the addition of snakehead fish albumin extracts (Ophiocephalus striatus)
Authors: Kartikasari Dewi , Agustiana Agustiana , Arianto Arianto
Published: February 2025

The characteristics of albumin extract with a distinct fish aroma are less preferred by some people. To improve the acceptance of fish albumin extract, it is added to carrier foods such as ice cream. This study aims to evaluate the panelists' acceptance of ice cream with the addition of snakehead fish albumin extract. The research stages are: (1) extraction of snakehead fish albumin and (2) ice cream processing with the addition of snakehead fish albumin extract at concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the total water content (300 ml). A hedonic test was analyzed using the sign test to determine the level of preference for the ice cream. The results showed that the addition of snakehead fish albumin extract significantly affected the color and aroma, but did not significantly affect the texture and taste of the ice cream. The conclusion indicates that ice cream with up to 6% snakehead fish albumin extract can be accepted by the panelists, with color (5.2), texture (5.8), aroma (5.9), and taste (6.2), all meeting the "like" criteria. The suggestion for future research is to investigate the chemical quality of ice cream with the addition of snakehead fish albumin extract.
Identification of glucomannan potential isolated from fresh porang tubers of East Kalimantan
Authors: - Anggela
Published: February 2025

Glucomannan is a polysaccharide that has a wide range of applications in the food and health industries. It is typically isolated from porang plants, and the aim of this study was to ascertain the most effective method of glucomannan isolation from fresh porang tubers.Two glucomannan isolation methods were employed in this study. The first method involved repeated grinding with water as the solvent, followed by a filtration process of seven iterations (GPA7). The second method employed repeated grinding with ethanol as the solvent, followed by filtration five times (GPE 5) or seven times (GPE 7).The characteristics of the isolated glucomannan were analysed proximate and compared with porang flour glucomannan obtained from the most effective treatment identified in a previous study. The results of the data analysis demonstrated that the GPA7 method yielded the highest glucomannan content, with a value of 82.79%, accompanied by a moisture content of 8%, an ash content of 0.23%, a fat content of 7.2%, and with solubility of 16.65%.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PASOKAN BATUBARA TERHADAP HEAT RATE DI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP (PLTU) TANJUNG KASAM PLN BATAM
Authors: Narwastu Kezia , Zarma Putra Irwanto
Published: February 2025

Permintaan Masyarakat akan daya listrik yang terus bertambah seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk yang terus berkembang, dibutuhkan pembangkit listrik yang dapat menghasilkan energi listrik. Salah satu pembangkit untuk memenuhi kebutuhan adalah PLTU karena di nilai memiliki efisiensi yang secara umum lebih tinggi. Dengan menggunakan batubara sebagai bahan bakar akan sangat bergantung pada kualitas dan kandungan utama batubara yang di pakai. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh kualitas pasokan batubara terhadap heat rate di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Tanjung Kasam yang dioperasikan oleh PLN Batam. Kualitas batubara sebagai bahan bakar utama di PLTU dapat memengaruhi efisiensi konversi energi menjadi listrik yang tercermin dalam parameter heat rate. Sementara, parameter kualitas batubara yang di evaluasi meliputi nilai kalor GAR (Gross Caloric Value) 4.450-4.900 kcal/kg, ash content (kandungan abu %) 4%, total sulphur (%) 0,35%, dan total moisture (%) 30%. Selain itu, data operasional seperti heat rate juga dikumpulkan untuk menentukan hubungan antara kualitas batubara dan efisiensi pembangkit. Metodologi penelitian melibatkan survei dan analisis data kualitas batubara yang digunakan dalam periode setahun operasional PLTU Tanjung Kasam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kandungan total moisture, total sulphur, dan ash content maka akan menyebabkan semakin rendah nilai kalori suatu batubara. Juga semakin baik kualitas batubara maka heat rate semakin rendah.
PALANG PINTU PERLINTASAN KERETA API OTOMATIS DENGAN FITUR PENGANGKATAN PERMUKAAN JALAN BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Zuhair Alvin , Enggar Alfaizi Galih , Widoretno Sri , Yusofa Devis
Published: February 2025

Kecelakaan di perlintasan kereta api di Indonesia masih menjadi perhatian yang signifikan, terutama karena ketidakpatuhan pengguna jalan yang mengabaikan palang keselamatan yang sudah tertutup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sistem Palang pintu perlintasan kereta api otomatis yang dilengkapi dengan fitur pengangkatan permukaan jalan menggunakan Arduino Uno. Sistem ini mengintegrasikan sensor ultrasonik dan sensor SN04-N untuk mendeteksi kedatangan kereta dan mengaktifkan motor servo yang mengangkat permukaan jalan guna mencegah kendaraan melintas. Pengujian dilakukan pada model berskala untuk mensimulasikan kondisi dunia nyata. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sensor ultrasonik mencapai tingkat akurasi rata-rata 98% dalam mendeteksi kedatangan kereta dari jarak hingga 1,5 meter. Sensor proximity SN04-N berhasil mendeteksi baik objek magnetik maupun non-magnetik, menunjukkan kemampuan deteksi kendaraan yang andal. Mekanisme pengangkatan permukaan jalan secara efektif menciptakan penghalang fisik, meningkatkan kemampuan sistem untuk mencegah pelanggaran perlintasan. Sistem terintegrasi ini menawarkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keselamatan perlintasan kereta api, mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan, dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya mematuhi peraturan lalu lintas.
Sustainability in European University Alliances: A Thematic Analysis of Mission Statements
Authors: Ungureanu Elena
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes how 17 European university alliances from the first wave of the European Universities Initiative (2019) frame sustainability education in their mission statements. Using reflexive thematic analysis, three themes emerged: Student Agency, Driving Sustainable Change, and Navigating Global-Local Dynamics through Posthuman Bildung. The findings highlight how alliances align global sustainability goals, such as the SDGs, with local contexts, emphasizing collective responsibility, relational engagement, and ecological interconnectedness. This research sheds light on the transformative role of alliances in advancing sustainability in higher education.
Training Ecological Thinking in Early School Age Students through Integration of Curriculum Contents
Authors: Chiriac Elena
Published: February 2025

The article explores the formation of ecological thinking in young school-age students by integrating ecological education into the school curriculum. The need for individual and collective responsibility towards the environment and influence on student behavior is highlighted. The study promotes the use of STE(A)M methods to stimulate involvement in practical ecological projects, demonstrating that primary education can form responsible and empathetic citizens with nature.
Gamelan Dadali Sebagai Alat Diplomasi Budaya: Mempererat Hubungan Antara Indonesia Dan Rusia
Authors: Prisillia Andissa Dominic , Fathun Laode Muhamad
Published: February 2025

Gamelan Dadali adalah satu-satunya kelompok gamelan di Rusia yang dibina langsung oleh KBRI di Moskow. Grup ini memiliki peran penting karena telah banyak mempromosikan budaya Indonesia di Rusia dan Belarus. Anggotanya terdiri dari warga Rusia yang terampil dalam memainkan gamelan dan menjadi sinden. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analisis dengan sumber data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui buku, artikel, berita, dan situs web. Sedangkan objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah grup Gamelan Dadali yang telah memperkenalkan budaya Indonesia melalui wayang kulit, memadukan gamelan dengan yoga, hingga penggunaan gamelan untuk mengiringi acara pagelaran busana. Respons positif dari masyarakat Rusia menunjukkan pentingnya budaya dalam memperkuat hubungan antarbangsa. Sehingga dengan adanya pertukaran budaya, kedua negara dapat memperoleh manfaat serta meningkatkan hubungan diplomatik yang telah terjalin. Tujuannya adalah untuk menciptakan kesan yang positif di Rusia dan meningkatkan eksistensi Indonesia di tingkat internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai pihak terlibat dalam melaksanakan diplomasi budaya Indonesia di Rusia. Diantaranya yaitu pemerintah, individu, ataupun masyarakat. Pemanfaatan media seperti laman web resmi, Youtube dan Instagram telah memperluas jangkauan penonton
Ancaman Keamanan Indo-Pasifik Terhadap Keputusan Australia Membangun Kapal Selam Tenaga Nuklir Tahun 2021
Authors: Martin Ali , Safitri Diva Ayu
Published: February 2025

Ditengah memanasnya tensi dalam pusaran konflik sengketa Laut China Selatan, AUKUS muncul sebagai aliansi baru di bawah kesepakatan trilateral yang disebut sebagai pakta keamanan. Kehadiran AUKUS dinilai sebagai manuver baru sekutu untuk melawan dominasi China yang semakin agresif di kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Fokus utama aliansi AUKUS yaitu pembangunan kapal selam nuklir untuk Angkatan Laut Australia. Pengumuman kerjasama trilateral ini menjadi latar belakang dari reaksi beragam negara-negara dalam kawasan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memaparkan ancaman keamanan kawasan Indo-Pasifik terhadap keputusan Australia membangun kapal selam tenaga nuklir. Penelitian ini dianalisis mengunakan teori Kompleksitas Keamanan Regional (regional security) dan menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber dan literatur yang berkaitan. Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa kawasan Indo-Pasifik terancam karena adanya aliansi AUKUS dan kerjasama keamanan kapal selam nuklirnya yang dapat memunculkan adu kekuatan negara besar dan perlombaan senjata nuklir yang mana hal ini dapat mengancam kestabilan dan keamanan di kawasan Indo-Pasifik.ABSTRACTIn the midst of heated tensions in the vortex of conflict over the South China Sea dispute, AUKUS emerged as a new alliance under a trilateral agreement known as a security pact. The presence of AUKUS is seen as a new maneuver by allies to counter China's increasingly aggressive dominance in the Indo-Pacific region. The main focus of the AUKUS alliance is the construction of nuclear submarines for the Australian Navy. The announcement of this trilateral cooperation became the background for the reactions of various countries in the region. Therefore, this research explains the security threats in the Indo-Pacific region regarding Australia's decision to build nuclear-powered submarines. This research was analyzed using the Regional Security Complexity theory and used qualitative methods in collecting data from various sources and related literature. The results of the research show that the Indo-Pacific region is threatened because of the AUKUS alliance and its nuclear submarine security cooperation which could give rise to a power struggle between big countries and a nuclear arms race which could threaten stability and security in the Indo-Pacific region.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PROGRES MAHASISWA MAGANG DENGAN METODE SAW
Authors: Salsabil Aditya Brian , Muhtarom Moh , Nurohman Nurohman
Published: February 2025

This research is a form of a decision support system that raises from a case study at the company PT Semesta Ruang Inovasi which is engaged in the world of technology, with a problem in determining the best candidate candidates from internship students the previous year or month who have standard assessment criteria determined by a weight value. the final results of the SAW method process still enter the initial design material before developing an application such as a website or mobile. The decision support system in this study certainly requires a Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method as a calculation technique. the results of this study are intended as initial design material before developing an application such as a website or mobile. the final result of the SAW method process still enters the classification value based on company standards set with several types of categories. it is hoped that this research can be further developed according to similar case studies.
Reinterpreting Religious Texts on Gender Equality: The Perspective of Ahmad Syafii Maarif
Authors: Rizal Deri , Irman Irman , Putri Dewi , Miftahurrahmah Miftahurrahmah , Yustiloviani Yustiloviani , Kamaluddin Kamaluddin
Published: February 2025

This study examines Ahmad Syafii Maarif’s (commonly known as Buya Syafii Maarif) views on gender equality, highlighting the distinctive aspects of his interpretation of religious texts, particularly regarding family and societal roles. Using a descriptive-critical methodology, the study reveals that Buya Syafii Maarif’s views on gender equality within the family emphasize justice, fairness, and respect for women’s rights, all rooted in Islamic principles. He argues that a correct interpretation of Islam supports equality between men and women, including within family relationships. A central aspect of his thinking is the concept of complementary roles between men and women, rejecting the idea of gender-based superiority. He critiques traditional views that confine women’s roles to the domestic sphere and advocates for greater female participation in decision-making and social contributions. Buya Syafii Maarif also challenges interpretations of religious texts that have historically justified gender inequality, asserting that the Qur’an promotes respect and cooperation between the genders. Education plays a key role in his vision, as he emphasizes its transformative power in empowering women to make significant contributions to both family and society. He advocates for equal opportunities for women in education and public life to foster a just and prosperous society. This study demonstrates that Buya Syafii Maarif's vision of gender equality reflects a balanced and just understanding of Islam, one that encourages cooperation and equality to achieve harmony in both the family and society.
Bridging Fiqh and Positive Law: A New Paradigm for Child Legality and the Best Interest of the Child in Indonesia
Authors: Hanapi Agustin , Aini Sarina , Sari Cut Endang Puspa
Published: February 2025

This study aimed at explaining the shift in the legality of children in Indonesia in the decisions of the Religious Court and Syar’iyah Court regarding the determination of the origin of children. This normative legal research used a conceptual approach, legal regulations, and cases. The data were obtained from the decisions of the Religious Court and Syar’iyah Court as well as legal regulations in Indonesia. The data were collected through literature review. The research results showed that the judges’ considerations no longer strictly adhered to fiqh, but referred to Indonesian positive law and even ignored both by prioritizing justice and the benefit of children. The judges’ decisions that had accommodated the welfare of children were in line with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, which requires the maintenance of the five basic foundations for children such as religion, soul, reason, heredity, and property. This research confirmed that there has been a shift in the legality of children in Indonesia in judges’ decisions from fiqh to positive law which prioritizes the best interests of children.
Religious Authority and Family Law Reform in Indonesia: The Response and Influence of the Indonesian Ulema Council on Interfaith Marriage
Authors: Mustofa Kholifatun Nur , Fakhria Sheila , Quintana Milla Khumayla , Tauziri Yusup , Nainin Dasrizal Marah
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the response and attitude of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) to practice interfaith marriage and study the influence of MUI in the development of the rules of interfaith marriage. Research data is taken through online media accessible in the news online, website and fatwa MUI as well as other supporting sources. This paper argues that MUI keep trying to assert the prohibition of marriage between religions through their fatwas and through responses in the media to the proliferation of interfaith marriages. Other responses are also in presented by the Indonesian Ulema Council through information when asked for opinions in the Judicial Review and when asked for the same opinion on social media. MUI's attitude is also shown through the lawsuit against the Surabaya District Court for granting interfaith marriage. This paper found that the effect of MUI on marriage rules was different from religion can be seen clearly by issuing rules regarding interfaith marriage, through Circular Letter Number 2 of 2023 concerning the prohibition of judges from granting a marriage of different faiths so that the Indonesian Ulema Council seems to provide the influence on law is particularly high in interfaith marriages in Indonesia.
Islamic Legal Approach in Preventing Women's Involvement in Spreading Hoaxes on Social Media
Authors: Hanani Silfia , Nelmaya Nelmaya , Ulya Zakiyah , Aldian Elsa , Mohd Noor Ahmad Yunus Bin , Rahmana Sitto
Published: February 2025

This article discusses preventing women from being involved in hoaxes on social media using an Islamic legal approach because women are one of the groups that are vulnerable to being exposed to and spreading hoaxes on social media. This research aims to find out how to prevent women from being involved with Islamic law but with an Islamic legal approach. Data was collected with documentation related to analyses by Islamic law experts and the media. Apart from that, interviews were also conducted with female journalists about women's involvement in social media and how to anticipate it, then it was analyzed using a reduction process, presented, and concluded. The results of the research show that the Islamic legal approach can be used as a basis for preventing women from committing hoaxes on social media, if the principles of Islamic law in those media are implemented, among these principles are tabayun, responsibility and always adhering to stick of caution.
The Role and Authority of the Deputy Regional Head According to Islamic Principles within the Framework of Regional Government Law
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto , Mukhlis Muhammad Mutawalli , Rismana Daud
Published: February 2025

The position of the deputy regional head in Indonesia's regional government system is often unclear, particularly within constitutional and legal context. This ambiguity leads to inefficiencies and conflicts in governance. This study seeks to examine the role of the deputy regional head from the perspective of fiqh siyasah, addressing the legal uncertainties and suggesting ways to enhance their authority. Utilizing a normative juridical approach, this research draws on secondary data from legal documents, academic articles, and other pertinent sources. Data were gathered through a structured literature review, and qualitative analysis was conducted using juridical methods to create a descriptive narrative. The findings indicate that the authority of the deputy regional head is frequently overshadowed by the regional head, relegating their role to mostly ceremonial or minor administrative tasks. This disparity contradicts Islamic governance principles, which prioritize justice, consultation, and accountability. This study contributes to the field by proposing a Principle-Based Authorization Model aimed at redefining the deputy’s authority in a way that aligns with both Islamic values and contemporary governance requirements. This model is recommended as a foundation for legal and policy reforms to promote more effective and cohesive regional governance.
Tending to Place: Home and Relationships in Jane of Lantern Hill
Authors: Spring Erin , Reese Ashley N.
Published: February 2025

This article takes up concepts of home, place, and identity in L.M. Montgomery’s Jane of
Lantern Hill. Drawing on Yi-Fu Tuan’s theory of place and the concept of the girl’s
Bildungsroman, we argue that tending both to relationships and place itself is central to the creation of home(s) for Jane.
Restoratif Justice Tindak Pidana Laka Lantas Perwujudan Asas Keadilan Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (APS)
Authors: Satiadharmanto Deddi Fasmadhy , Widodo Yuda , Muntako Muntako , Muhiran Muhiran
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas upaya restorative justice atas  tindak pidana sedang kecelakaan lalu lintas Bus Medan jaya versus Sepeda motor di Gunung Sugih – Lampung Tengah pada tahun 2020. Penyelesaian  melalui nonlitigasi dengan keluarga korban dengan kesepakatan perdamaian antara para pihak. Kesepakatan perdamaian menjadi pertimbangan untuk menghentikan penyidikan. Dari hasil penelitian, pendekatan restorative justice dalam perkara kecelakaan lalu lintas  Bus Medan jaya Versus Sepeda motor di Gunung Sugih – Lampung Tengah memberikan rasa keadilan baik bagi pelaku maupun korban. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, kepustakaan, dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektifitas hukum pada implementasi hukum mendorong proses nonlitigasi untuk mengembalikan pelaku dan korban kembali ke sosial masyarakat.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PEMENUHAN HAK KONSTITUSIONAL WARGA ATAS PENDIDIKAN DASAR ANAK TELANTAR
Authors: Erlande Rike , Mulkan Hasanal
Published: February 2025

Abstrak. Tahap pertama dalam mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk pendidikan tinggi adalah membekali mereka dengan pengetahuan dasar, kemampuan, dan sikap yang dituntut oleh masyarakat. Dalam artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana hukum bekerja dalam menyikapi hak konstitusional anak terlantar atas pendidikan dasar. Selain itu, mereka memeriksa tindakan yang diambil di Kota Palembang untuk memenuhi hak konstitusional warga atas pendidikan. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan teknik penelitian deskriptif-analitik. Kajian ini berupaya untuk mendefinisikan, menjelaskan, dan menganalisis beberapa sisi situasi dan kondisi seputar perwujudan hak atas pendidikan bagi masyarakat Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencapai solusi terbaik bagi anak terlantar dalam hak pemenuhan konstitusionalnya.Kata Kunci : Hak konstitusional, Anak terlantar, Tanggung jawab
The Fiscal Illusion: A Regional Paradox of Mining Resources (Study on Regencies/Cities in North Maluku)
Authors:   Khairun University, Reza Muhammad Dwi , Fahri Johan ,   Khairun University, Amiro Suratno ,   Khairun University, Ahmad Abdul Chalid ,   Khairun University
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the fiscal illusion of the mining area paradox in North Maluku Regency/City which is affected by the flypaper effect by regression on Regional Original Revenue, General Allocation Fund and Revenue Sharing Fund on Regional Expenditure. The data collection method uses census techniques. There are 10 districts/cities in this study with a total of 50 observations from 2018-2022. The technique used in this study is a multiple linear regression analysis technique using the E-Views 12 statistical test tool. The results of this study Fiscal illusions in North Maluku can include a variety of aspects related to perceptions or beliefs that may not correspond to the actual economic reality. Revenue from the mining sector, dependence on central transfer funds, increased revenue from massive investment are gaps in the occurrence of fiscal illusions in districts/cities in North Maluku Province. Regional Original Revenue, General Allocation Fund and Profit Sharing Fund affect regional expenditure and there is a flypaper effect symptom in districts/cities in North Maluku province.
The Relationship Between Personal Hair Hygiene and The Incidence of Pityriasis Capitis in Students at Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University
Authors: Marsa Qalbina Abdi  , Irma Primawati  , Dessy Abdullah
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Pityriasis capitis or commonly known as dandruff, pityriasis sicca, pityriasis simplex is a disorder resulting from mild inflammation caused by excessive exfoliation of the stratum corneum which is characterized by the presence of white-gray flakes on the scalp and hair shaft. Personal hygiene, including self-care carried out by a person to protect and maintain their health. Aim the research to the relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis in students at Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University. Methods. This study is quantitative research that applies an analytical approach by design cross-sectional. The research participants came from students at the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University and total of 108 samples were selected using techniques consecutive sampling. The data in this study is primary data obtained from the results of questionnaires and scalp observations. Data analysis used SPSS version 25 and the test used was chi-square test. Results. Students who experience pityriasis capitis are 66 people (61.1%) with the largest gender experience it being women, namely 46 people (42.6%). Personal hair hygiene of students are in the medium category, namely 76 students (70.4%). There is a relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis with a p-value of 0.029 (p<0.05). Conclusion. There is a relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis in students at the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University.
Gummy Mandjah (Honey, Tamarind, Red Ginger) on Emesis in Pregnant Women
Authors: Huzaima Huzaima , Sari Diani Mega , Razak Rifka Atika
Published: February 2025

Introduction. One of the discomforts that mothers frequently experience during the start of pregnancy is emesis gravidarum, which is characterized by nausea and vomiting. The welfare of the mother and child will be impacted if emesis episodes are not handled right away. Herbal remedies like red ginger, tamarind, and honey can help people stay healthy. The purpose of this study is to examine how “Gummy Mandjah” can help pregnant women experience less nausea. Methods. This study used a pre-experimental research design, one group pretest posttest. Giving gummy made from honey, tamarind, and red ginger to 20 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria, sampling technique using simple random sampling, Gummy was given for 14 days with a dose of 2 times a day and then assessed using the PUQE score. Results. The results obtained showed that there was a decrease in the frequency of emesis after consuming gummy with an average difference of 0.60. Data analysis used a paired sample t-test and showed that there was an effect of giving gummy on reducing emesis with a p-value of 0.001 < 0.05. Conclusion. Honey, tamarind, and ginger can be an option to overcome nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. These ingredients are easy to obtain, practical to process, and have minimal side effects. With gummy innovations or other forms, it can make it easier for pregnant women to consume them and reduce the dominant smell and taste of each ingredient that can trigger mothers not to want to consume them.
Evaluation of Postoperative Outcomes Following Billroth-Ii Reconstruction after Subtotal Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Ranjan Shashi , Shekhar Himanshu
Published: February 2025

Background: Gastric carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth-II reconstruction is a common surgical approach for its management. However, understanding postoperative outcomes and associated factors is essential for improving patient care.
Aim: To evaluate the postoperative outcomes, clinical presentations, and histopathological findings in patients undergoing Billroth-II reconstruction following subtotal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients who underwent Billroth-II reconstruction. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological characteristics using structured questionnaires and medical records. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 21).
Results: The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 12.3 years, with a male predominance (60%). The most common presenting symptoms were pain (60%), burning sensation (45%), and postprandial fullness (35%). Endoscopic findings revealed abnormalities in 70% of patients, with 40% showing erythema and 15% presenting with ulcer-like growths. Histopathology confirmed 80% malignant lesions, predominantly adenocarcinoma, and 20% benign lesions. Postoperative complications occurred in 25% of patients, including anastomotic leakage, wound infections, and bleeding.
Conclusion: Most patients presented with advanced disease, as evidenced by severe symptoms, abnormal endoscopic findings, and a high proportion of malignancies. These findings highlight the critical need for early detection and intervention to improve outcomes.
Recommendations: Enhanced screening programs targeting high-risk populations, particularly males and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, should be implemented. Additionally, improvements in perioperative care and follow-up are essential to minimize postoperative complications.
Keywords: Gastric Carcinoma, Billroth-II Reconstruction, Subtotal Gastrectomy, Histopathology, Postoperative Outcomes, Endoscopic Findings
Role of HDL-C as a Predictor of Development of Complications in Patients with Stable Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Kumar Ujjwal , Mishra Prakash Chandra , Dayal V.M. , Jha S.K. , Kumar Ravikant
Published: February 2025

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major global health issue, with a growing number of cases and a significant impact on patient health and survival. The liver plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, including synthesizing and regulating lipoproteins. The study was done to determine the development of more accurate predictive models for CLD progression, complementing existing tools such as the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) and Child-Pugh scores.
Materials and methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, Bihar, India. The study has been conducted for 15 months after obtaining ethical clearance, i.e., from December 2022 to March 2024. Ethical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC), IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India under letter number 836/IEC/IGIMS/2022 dated 10 December 2022.
Results: The mean age ± standard deviation is 48.45 ± 13.72 years. The range is 15 to 75. Eighty-one males make up the study population, which is 81% male. Nineteen females represent 19% of the total. P-values were found to be significant at less than 0.05 at three months, six months, and twelve months in both CTP and MELD levels while correlating with HDL. The main complications that were observed were acute kidney injury, ascites, variceal bleeding, and SBP.
Conclusion: Serum HDL-C has emerged as a strong predictor of complication in patients with stable decompensated patients. It has the potential to become an essential part of management strategies, aiding in the prioritization of patients with decompensated CLD for liver transplantation. However, larger, multicenter prospective studies are necessary to validate these findings before recommending the routine use of HDL-C in clinical settings.
Keywords: Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, High-density lipoprotein, Liver, ascites, Acute Kidney Injury
Comparative Analysis of Hemodynamic Responses in Thoracic Segmental Spinal Anes-thesia versus General Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Piyush Akhil , Sharma Shalini , Prasad Sudama
Published: February 2025

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred surgical approach for gallbladder removal, offering benefits such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery. Anesthesia choice plays a crucial role in influencing surgical outcomes, patient recovery, and satisfaction. While (GA) is traditionally employed, thoracic segmental Spinal Anesthesia (TSSA) has emerged as a viable alternative with potential benefits in hemodynamic stability and recovery.
Aim: This study aims to compare the hemodynamic changes, postoperative pain, and recovery profiles between thoracic segmental SA and GA in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 90 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a tertiary care center. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either TSSA or GA. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored intraoperatively, and postoperative pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale. Recovery markers such as time to ambulation and complication rates were also recorded.
Results: Patients receiving TSSA demonstrated significantly better intraoperative hemodynamic stability and lower postoperative pain scores compared to the GA group. The TSSA group experienced earlier ambulation and fewer postoperative complications such as nausea and vomiting. Statistical analysis showed significant differences with p-values less than 0.05 across most measured outcomes.
Conclusion: TSSA provides superior hemodynamic stability, reduced pain levels, and faster recovery compared to GA in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, making it a beneficial alternative for this procedure.
Recommendations: Further studies should explore the scalability of TSSA in other abdominal surgeries and evaluate long-term outcomes. Hospitals should consider training anesthesia providers in TSSA techniques to broaden its application.
Keywords: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Thoracic Segmental Spinal Anesthesia, General Anesthesia, Postoperative Recovery, Hemodynamic Stability
The Effectiveness of Group Spiritual-Islamic Mindfulness on Compassion Fatigue, Empathy and Optimism in Nurses
Authors:   Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran., Asgari Gholamhosin , Etemadinia Mahin ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran, Farshbaf Manisefat Farnaz ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: During their working process nurses are involved in extensive tensions which cause an increase in compassion fatigue and a decrease in empathy and optimism which has a negative effect on the quality of their clinical services.
Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group spiritual-Islamic mindfulness on nurses’ compassion fatigue, empathy and optimism.
Method: This research was a semi-experimental study whose statistical population included nurses working in Arefian Hospital in Urmia city. In the year 1401, 60 nurses were selected randomly using available sampling method and were put into two experimental and control groups (30 people in each group). The experimental group received inervention during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The measurement tools were questionnaires from Figley's Compassion Fatigue (1995), Baron-Cohen's Empathy (2003) and Seligman’s Pessimism-Optimism (1982). The participants completed the questionnaires in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. The data was analyzed using the repeated measures and SPSS22 software.
Results: There was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores in the experimental and control groups in all three research variables. The intervention of group spiritual-Islamic mindfulness had a significant effect on nurses’ compassion fatigue (F‌=‌10.980; P‌<‌0.01), empathy (F‌=‌53.071; P‌<‌0.01) and optimism (F‌=‌25.406; P‌<‌0.01).
Conclusion: Group spiritual-Islamic mindfulness was effective on nurses' compassion fatigue, empathy, and optimism; Therefore, this intervention can be used to improve the performance and quality of clinical care of nurses.
Unterrichtsplanung effizient gestalten
Authors: Greiten Silvia
Published: February 2025

In der Unterrichtsplanung stehen häufig Einzelstunden im Mittelpunkt, kleinschrittig strukturiert nach Einstieg, Erarbeitung und Sicherung. Um Lernsituationen variationsreicher zu gestalten und gleichzeitig effizient mit der Arbeitszeit umzugehen, sind andere Planungsprozesse notwendig.
Online-Unterricht vorbereiten und umsetzen
Authors: Friedrich Paula
Published: February 2025

In vielen Berufen ist es selbstverständlich, im Homeoffice zu arbeiten. Schüler:innen können darauf mit einem Online-Unterrichtstag vorbereitet werden. Techniken aus dem Projektmanagement helfen Lehrpersonen bei der Vorbereitung.
Von aussteigenden Lehrkräften lernen
Authors: Probst Isabell
Published: February 2025

Wenn Lehrkräfte aus dem Schuldienst ausscheiden und sich neu orientieren, geht dieser Entscheidung meist ein langer Abwägungsprozess voraus. Aus den Motiven für den Ausstieg lassen sich Veränderungsbedarfe für das Bildungssystem ableiten.
Prinzipien für digitale Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Muuß-Merholz Jöran
Published: February 2025

Digitale Tools können die Zusammenarbeit erleichtern – auch in der Schule. Dabei sind einfache Prinzipien und Absprachen hilfreich.
Leistungsverfall durch »Schreiben nach Gehör«?
Authors: Brügelmann Hans
Published: February 2025

In der öffentlichen Diskussion verselbstständigen sich manchmal Etiketten, die für Fachargumente unzugänglich scheinen. Das sogenannte »Schreiben nach Gehör« gehört dazu – ein Popanz, an dem sich Medien und auch die Politik immer wieder abarbeiten.
Wirkungslose Klassengröße
Authors: im Brahm Grit
Published: February 2025

Die Klassengröße wirkt sich nicht auf den Lernerfolg aus. Wohl kaum eine These stößt bei Lehrer:innen auf so viel Unverständnis und Unmut wie diese. Wie kommt es zu dieser Aussage, und hält sie einer differenzierten empirischen Überprüfung stand? Ein Mythos zwischen Politik, Forschung und Praxis.
Lehrervorträge
Authors: Zierer Klaus
Published: February 2025

Der Faktor des Monats
Leiten durch Teilen
Authors: Gölitzer Susanne
Published: February 2025

Schlusspunkt
The Future of International Transactions: How AI is transforming Cross-Border Payments
Authors: Vinod Upputuri
Published: February 2025

This article explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on cross-border payment systems, examining how AI technologies are revolutionizing various aspects of international financial transactions. The article delves into AI's role in enhancing fraud detection through advanced pattern recognition and real-time anomaly detection, significantly improving security measures. It analyzes how AI accelerates payment processing by automating verification and settlement processes, leading to dramatic reductions in transaction times. The article also investigates AI's contribution to regulatory compliance, discussing how it aids in navigating complex international financial regulations and mitigates risks. Furthermore, it examines the improvement in customer experience through AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants, offering 24/7 support and personalized service. The optimization of currency exchange using AI algorithms for market trend analysis and exchange rate prediction is also explored. Finally, the article addresses future prospects, potential advancements, ethical considerations, and integration challenges associated with AI in cross-border payments, providing a comprehensive overview of this rapidly evolving field in global finance.
DNS Cache Snooping for Player Geolocation Risks
Authors: Sanat Talwar
Published: February 2025

The rapid expansion of the online gaming sector has heightened concerns regarding player privacy and security, particularly regarding geolocation tracking. While conventional geolocation methodologies typically depend on IP-based tracking, a less frequently addressed but comparably effective technique is DNS cache snooping. This method involves an attacker querying a recursive DNS resolver to ascertain whether a specific domain has been recently accessed by another user. By exploiting open resolvers and scrutinizing cached responses, malicious entities can deduce the existence of certain DNS queries emanating from a particular geographic locale, enabling them to approximate the physical location of players. This paper investigates the ramifications of DNS cache snooping for geolocation tracking within online gaming. We analyze how adversaries can capitalize on DNS caching behaviors to surveil players, assess the associated risks of this method, and evaluate its precision relative to traditional geolocation techniques. Through experimental case studies, we illustrate how attackers can utilize open DNS resolvers to extract geolocation insights, potentially subjecting players to privacy vulnerabilities, targeted cyberattacks, and disproportionate competitive advantages in online gaming environments. Moreover, we propose effective countermeasures to mitigate the threats posed by DNS cache snooping. These strategies include limiting access to open resolvers, implementing DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) and DNS-over-TLS (DoT), applying rate limiting to recursive resolvers, and endorsing the use of privacy-centric DNS services. Our findings emphasize the importance for gaming companies, internet service providers (ISPs), and security researchers to acknowledge DNS cache snooping as a legitimate threat to player geolocation privacy. By increasing awareness and advocating for more robust DNS practices, we aim to cultivate a gaming ecosystem that respects player privacy and safeguards their locations from unauthorized inference.
A Digital Transformation Framework for U.S. E-Commerce Supply Chains
Authors: Oluwakemi Famoti  , Bamidele Michael Omowole  , Godwin Nzeako  , Rahman Akorede Shittu  , Ogechukwu Nwanneka Ezechi  , Chikezie Paul-Mikki Ewim  , Hope Ehiaghe Omokhoa
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed industries worldwide, with U.S. e-commerce supply chains being no exception. This concept paper presents a comprehensive framework for digital transformation within U.S. e-commerce supply chains, aiming to enhance efficiency, resilience, and scalability in an increasingly competitive market. The framework outlines the integration of cutting-edge technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and big data analytics, to optimize key supply chain operations such as inventory management, logistics, demand forecasting, and customer service. The paper identifies the critical challenges U.S. e-commerce supply chains face, such as fragmented data systems, inefficiencies in real-time decision-making, and vulnerabilities to external disruptions. To address these challenges, the framework proposes a phased approach to digital transformation, prioritizing automation, data integration, and real-time analytics. It emphasizes the importance of adopting cloud-based solutions for enhanced scalability and collaboration between suppliers, distributors, and retailers. In addition to technological solutions, the framework highlights the role of human capital in driving successful transformation, calling for upskilling and reskilling initiatives to prepare the workforce for a data-driven and technology-enabled environment. The paper also considers the regulatory and cybersecurity aspects of digital transformation, offering strategies for ensuring compliance and protecting sensitive supply chain data from cyber threats. By implementing this digital transformation framework, U.S. e-commerce businesses can achieve higher levels of operational efficiency, reduced costs, and improved customer satisfaction. The framework serves as a roadmap for companies to navigate the evolving digital landscape, ultimately positioning U.S. e-commerce supply chains for sustained growth and competitive advantage in the global market.
Tantangan Penegakan Hukum dalam Mewujudkan Keadilan melalui Strategi Adaptasi dan Inovasi di Era Distrupsi
Authors: Putra Rengga Kusuma , Ikawati Linda , Idris Maulana Fahmi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas transformasi tantangan hukum di era disrupsi menjadi instrumen penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan, dengan fokus pada strategi adaptasi dan inovasi di tengah perkembangan teknologi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa adaptasi terhadap teknologi tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi penegakan hukum tetapi juga memungkinkan terciptanya keadilan yang lebih inklusif. Transformasi tantangan hukum di era disrupsi menjadi instrumen penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan melalui strategi adaptasi dan inovasi di tengah perkembangan teknologi meliputi perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat sehingga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan seperti kejahatan cyber crime, privasi dan keamanan data serta teknologi ai untuk menjawab itu semua hukum harus melakukan perubahan di berbagai sektor seperti perubahan terhadap regulasi undang-undang meningkatkan sumber daya penegak hukum dan melakukan riset di bidang hukum.
Pembacaan Hermeneutis : Penafsiran Buya Hamka Tentang Lahw al Ḥadīṡ (Studi Pemikiran Hans George Gadamer)
Authors: Fitra Akhmad Aidil , Oktasandi Oktasandi
Published: February 2025

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penafsiran Buya Hamkaatas Qs. Luqman (31): 6 dengan perspektif hermeneutika Hans George Gadamer. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis teks. Hasilnya menunjukan, Buya Hamka melaluipenelusuran keterpengaruhan sejarah menunjukan bagaimana situasi hermeneutika yang kompleks mengitari pembacaan tafsirnya, mulai dari bergabung dengan Muhammadiyah hingga pergulatannya dengan politik praktis bersama Masyumi dikonstituante, di era demokrasi terpimpin. Situasi hermeneutika ini membentuk pra-pemahaman pada diri Buya Hamka yang memungkinkan terjadinya asimilasi horizon, sehingga Buya Hamka mampu mendialogkan horizon teks dengan horizonnya sebagai penafsir. Karena tafsirnya yang kontekstual, penelitian ini juga melihat bagaimana tafsir Buya Hamka tentang QS. Luqman (31): 6 perlu dikontekstualisasikan kembali sesuai dengan konteks kekinian di Indonesia.