bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To jest właśnie ta chwila. Uchodźcy w najnowszych polskich książkach i teatrze dla młodych odbiorców (przegląd)
Authors: Żygowska Joanna
Published: December 2017

Artykuł stanowi przegląd najnowszych książek dla dzieci, które podejmują tematykę uchodźców. Pojawiają się tu także omówienia spektakli dla młodych widzów, które można odczytać w kontekście masowych migracji. Wymienione książki dla dzieci mają szansę przyczynić się do kształtowania i wzmacniania empatycznej i otwartej postawy młodych czytelników, którzy w przyszłości będą odpowiadać za kształt społeczeństwa obywatelskiego.
Filozofia fizyki teoretycznej Einsteina i Diraca
Authors: Staruszkiewicz Andrzej
Published: December 2017

The subject of considerations in this work are Einstein's and Dirac's views on theoretical physics. Using as an example the Euclidean geometry and its epistemological status through the ages, the author outlines the basic philosophy of the modern theoretical physics, emphasising in particular the prominent role of ideas of simplicity and beauty as the guiding principles of research in theoretical physics.
Portret intelektualisty w „Dziennikach" Raymonda Queneau
Authors: Lubas-Bartoszyńska Regina
Published: December 2017

The intellectual portrait in R. Queneau's "Diaries" is built by the author himself and - to the same extent - by the reader, on the basis of the way in which the records are organized and their contents. Although the autobiographical speaker in the "Diaries" adopts many models of self-presentation (e.g. as an intimist, a traveller, a patriot, a humanitarian), one of them, that of an intellectual, encyclopaedist, erudite, writer and philosopher, pervades all the others; playing with them is one of the methods of presenting oneself as an intellectual, besides direct reference, biography, thematics, and artistic programmes.
Tekst jako „anastylos". Przedmiot i ciało w twórczości Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza
Authors: Wojda Dorota
Published: December 2017

Text as Anastylos aims at reconstructing Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz's poetics as well as his worldview. The present author sees them as inseparable orders. The category of anastylos, primarily describing a type of architectonic conservation is used here as a means of presenting the specificity of negative testimony given by Rymkiewicz to various forms of existence, inscribed by him into various genological forms and treated as the integrative factor in the entirety of his discourse. The author claims that the specificity of the negative testimony may be, in general terms, described as an effect of simultanuous identity and nonidentity between the text and the being it reconstructs as well as a presentation of its objects - a thing and a body - as related in an act of their mutual creation.
Przestrzeń i tekst
Authors: Toporow Władimir , Żyłko Bogusław
Published: December 2017

Przestrzeń i tekst
Retoryka - o ile jest kłamliwa...
Authors: Bachtin Michaił , Brzostowska Tamara
Published: December 2017

Retoryka - o ile jest kłamliwa...
Mimesis - między udawaniem a referencją
Authors: Mitosek Zofia
Published: December 2017

This study reformulates the old problem of mimesis in the spirit of pragmatics. It treats similarity as as a subjective-objective relation. Comparison of the conception of formal mimetism and literature as pretending of actual acts of speech leads to a conclusion on the asymmetry of these two modern applications of the category of mimesis. The first one attempts at restricting its use, the second attempts at globalisation, a kind of which is pragmatisation. Conception of mimesis as pretending strengthens the objective characterisation of categories. The function of convention is emphasised, which determines either the mimetic or referential reading of a text, which becomes particularly important in the reading of documentary and paradocumentary literature where we have to do with a permanent asymmetry of the sender's expectations and of the recipient's reactions. Attempts at defining mimesis in terms of cognitivist theories are conducive to pragmatisation of categories where the mental effects of a literary representation are involved, and the similarity is defined as closeness of a text and perceptual schemes located in the recipient's brain. All these processes lead to the questioning of mimesis as a palpable property in the structure of the text, stressing the reader's and the reading's role in the constitution of the mimetic effect.
Od linearnej do cyrkularnej komunikacji literackiej, a stąd do milczenia (O sytuacji we współczesnych doktrynach literackich)
Authors: Kuźma Erazm
Published: December 2017

This paper is a part of a whole which will be published later in a book. The first section concerns ambiguities of contemporary terms: "communication", "literature", "literary communication". The second part is devoted to the turn from linearity to circularity in the philosophy of Jaspers and Heidegger. The third part - to the same turn in sociology of Habermas and Luhmann. The fourth part - not included here - examins the turn to circularity in hermeneutics, Marxism, structuralism and deconstruction. The last part contains the outlook on the future of literary theory and literary scholarship.
Poststrukturalizm, dekonstrukcja, feminizm, gender, dyskursy mniejszości i co dalej?
Authors: Burzyńska Anna
Published: December 2017

The article is a brief summary of the last critical phase in literary studies. It considers some most important meanings of prefix "post-" according to opinions of its inventor, the French philosopher Jean-Franęois Lyotard. Deconstruction, feminist criticism, gender studies, discourses of the minorities etc. - all these have a "postic" character, because they transform the petrified traditions into new forms, revealing their unnoticed possibilities, and stressing their critical resources. The author introduces to poststructuralism, one of the most important trends of the European and American postmodern thought (the critique of epistemological foundationalism), for which deconstruction built a philosophical background. The author stresses metatheoretical dimension of the poststructuralist thought.
Pojęcie pola metaforycznego w poetyce kognitywnej
Authors: Ślósarska Joanna
Published: December 2017

The paper presents basic conceptualisations of the metaphoric field in the views of N. Babuts, G. Lakoff, M. Johnson, M. Turner, R. W. Gibbs, and R. Tsur. In the course of considering these views the following problems are discussed: differentiation of the conceptual from linguistic metaphors, hypothesis of a cognitive base for linguistic creation of poetical tropes, creation of poetical figures in relation to standard metaphors in natural language, dynamics of the processes of conceptual and linguistic métaphorisations, categories of the mental image and of the vantage point. The whole discussion is placed within a context of the two basic paradigms of cognitive science - mental and empirical.
Metodologie i mody metodologiczne we współczesnej humanistyce (literaturoznawczej)
Authors: Balbus Stanisław
Published: December 2017

Methodology is a "visiting-card" of nomothematicity within every science, and even if a given discipline as a whole is not considered a nomothematic one. However, behind every methodology stands a definite epistemology thanks to which a revelation of the subject of considerations and at the same time of the studying object. Thus, methodology is an epistemological necessity and only in this sense may aspire to scientific aesthetics which - as proved by P. Dirac - is identical with real science.
Od polityki i teorii do literatury. Wokół „Théorie d'ensemble" grupy Tel Quel
Authors: Dziadek Adam
Published: December 2017

This text aims at a description of the famous manifesto published by the group Tel Quel in France in 1968. The author gives a short analysis of chosen texts by Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Roland Barthes and particularly Julia Kristeva. The analysis shows important links between politics and literary theory of the Tel Quel. It also shows the way that politics and theory (based on such intertexts as Marx, Freud and Lacan) influenced new notion of the text, of the intertextuality and the others.
Translatologia z perspektywy końca (wieku)
Authors: Legeżyńska Anna
Published: December 2017

When summing up the history of translatology in the second half of the 20th century, the author points to undoubtful achievements of this discipline as well as disputable questions and tasks for the future. She proves that the postmodern conceptions of the exhaustion of literature (Lyotard) are not reflected in studies of translation. Just the opposite, this field has been developing dynamically, although its autonomy is still questioned. The chance of translatology is its interdisciplinary character, relation with methodology of linguistic studies, using the theory of interpretation and the theory of intertextuality. Some of the questions which are disputed are: equivalentisation, non-translatability, opposition of archaisation and modernisation. In the sphere of postulates is the synthesis of Polish knowledge on translation, Formation of proper criticism of translation and codification of terminology. All these motifs of considerations are supported by references to the most important conceptions and trends of the 20th century translatology.
Ku cyfrowym metamorfozom. Tradycja antyczna w cyberprzestrzeni
Authors: Mikołajczak Aleksander W. , Kaźmierczak Marek
Published: December 2017

There are a lot of the dynamic meanings - important messages for the west civilization - in the antique tradition, deeply rooted in every medium. The authors of this text are showing us a lot of problems, connected with the ontological statue of text, context and relations among (not only between) sender and receiver, during the creating antique meanings in the different kinds of the communication. To be able to describe contemporary metamorphosis of the antique tradition they (the authors) are presenting us the most important changes in the west cultural reading - „through" the Internet - the antique heritage.
Twórca - stereotyp - profilowanie, czyli literacka rzeczywistość alternatywna
Authors: Tokarz Bożena
Published: December 2017

The man lives in the culture built by him, which also includes stereotypes both created and used by the writer, belonging to the structure of the composition the stereotypes reference convention, scheme, model and cliché. They are forms of consciousness and as such they do not make a category in poetics, becoming closer to the rhetoric embodied by different shapes of thoughts. At the same time they are not shapes of thoughts, but rather forms of consciousness. Stereotypes are terms and phenomena on the border of humanities, such as myth or topos. They exist in the area of all culture. The community sanctions their presence, both positive and negative.
Stereotyp(y) muzyki w literaturze
Authors: Hejmej Andrzej
Published: December 2017

The article concerns the question of music in literature, one of the problems of comparative studies, and terms: "non-musicality", "musicality" as stereotypes in literary studies. In the course of considering these views the following problems are discussed: analogy between literature and music (esthetic point of view), "non-musicality" of literature (as quite controversial category in literary research), musical contexts and intertexts (numerous artistic and analytical-literary strategies), contemporary typology of music in literature (S. P. Scher, E. Wiegandt, F. Arroyas, S. Jeanneret).
Stereotypy - komunikacja - literatura
Authors: Grochowski Grzegorz
Published: December 2017

The article presents an attempt to establish what role is played by stereotypes within the process of literary communication. The main framework for the presented argumentation is based on the cognitivist approach. The "stereotypes" are defined as clusters of evaluative, but - against the background of the common concept - not necessarily negative, social judgements, beliefs and attitudes. They can be employed in literary studies as long as they are described more explicitly as semantic representations. The next claim is that stereotypical beliefs are organized as the sets of propositions which receive specific referential status within specific contextual employment. Literature can be analysed as one of the important social fields of such acquisition.
Strategie skandalu i stereotypy odbioru
Authors: Michałowski Piotr
Published: December 2017

The terms used in this title are connected - as two opposite kinds of reaction to the text and they exist outside: in conciousness of author and reader. Stereotype is necessary to hold intercourse; scandal is the effect of disturbance in communication but sometimes there is inversely: the communication bases on expectation of scandal - as particular convention. Scandal is a subjective phenomenon; it isn't an event, but it is a kind of response: protest or indignation. Most often it is created by media. This article is also the attempt formulate a small theory of scandal. It diferentiates accidental scandal from specially prepared one. Each of them is possible only it concerns the context of: person's life (1), point of view (2), custom (3) or artistic canon (4). In the first one scandal is connected with a message; in the rest - depends only on verbal act.
Schematy, wzorce tekstowe, gatunki mowy... (O kategoryzacji, kategoriach wypowiedzi językowych i ich modelowaniu)
Authors: Witosz Bożena
Published: December 2017

The author, by undertaking the issue of categorisation of linguistic statement draws attention to the diversified terminology referring to the text patterns. The observation of the contents of notions - most frequently used nowadays in the theory of text /discourse - as well as their realm and methodological context, leads to the conclusion that this differentiation has its origins not only in the transformations taking place within theoretical discourse concerning the text (eg. pluralism of methodology, tendencies to integrating formulations etc) but also in inconsistent separation of particular levels of categorisation by the researchers, especially the basic level from those placed above and below the basic one. The author suggests that the genre pattern should be treated as an issue from the basic level of categorisation, as it would enable the creation of typological network, which would be transparent and simultaneously it would portray - in the way most closed to the discourse practice - differentiation of the forms of expression. However, in description of the genre (basic category) it requires taking into consideration features of all levels of the discourse: formal, semantic, pragmatic, cognitive and stylistic.
Ikoniczność: podobieństwo i „tertium comparationis"
Authors: Tabakowska Elżbieta
Published: December 2017

The paper analyses the phenomenon of iconicity in relation to its significance for literary theory. One of the key notions in modern philosophy of language and linguistics, iconicity is seen as a motivated interrelation beween form and meaning. In this, it is akin to mimesis - one of the basic concepts in theory of literature. Based on similarity, iconicity requires a conscious presence of an observer, who discovers and states the existence of similarity by reference to a tertium comparationis. It occurs as an effect of a mental process, as an interface bewteen semantics (the level of conventionalized meaning) and pragmatics (the level of contextual modifications of meaning). Thus it is intrinsically subjective: a representation of things as seen by a cognizant mind. Defined as a similarity between a conceptual structure and a linguistic form created by the mind, iconicity is manifested as sequentiality, proximity or quantity of elements; it is either imagic or diagrammatic. As a property of all texts and all discourse, it blurs the traditional distinction between "literary" and "non-literary" uses of language: the difference reduces to one of quantity, which "literatury" being characterised by a larger quantity of motivated interrelationships combined with a lower level of their conventionalization. The author concludes by claiming that - like mimesis - iconicity may be profitably discussed in terms of Roland Langacker's notion of subjectification, with the tertium comparationis present in the mind rher than in the external reality.
Nierozstrzygalność - drugie imię dekonstrukcji?
Authors: Winiecka Elżbieta
Published: December 2017

The article focuses on the problem of undecidability - the main feature of literature according to Derrida. Numerous examples of undecidability shows that it is not deconstruction which has found this kind of reading. For structuralists undecidability was a feature of poetry. Derrida broadens this onto all literary texts. Cancelling oposition between 'inside' and 'outside' he liquidates all natural for work contests: historical, sociological etc., and reduces literary text to the endless re-interpretation. It makes literary sigificants insignificant for culture and human being. Exploration of the margins of the literary texts thwarts hierarchy of importancy and opens the door for different kinds of abuses. This is why the author argues with Derrida's thesis and guards traditional role of the autor, reader and literature.
The impact of contemplative practices on foreign language anxiety and learning
Authors: Scida Emily E. , Jones Jill E.
Published: December 2017

This study looked at the impact of the integration of contemplative practices on foreign language anxiety, positive and negative affect, self-efficacy, classroom climate, and language learning in students enrolled in an advanced intermediate Spanish language course in the USA. Data included pre- and post-test surveys, exam scores to measure learning outcomes, student interviews, and course evaluations. In the contemplative group, students engaged in brief 10-minute contemplative practices once a week, while the non-contemplative group followed the same syllabus but was not exposed to contemplative practices. Analysis of the data showed no significant differences in foreign language anxiety, self-efficacy or affect between the non-contemplative and contemplative groups at post-test but significantly higher scores on classroom climate measures in the contemplative group. Significantly higher grades were found on course exams for students in the contemplative group. Analysis of the pre-/post-survey data revealed a significant decrease in foreign language anxiety in both groups over the semester but not for affect or self-efficacy. This study extends the existing research on contemplative practices to a new context—affect and learning in foreign language courses.
Polish Listening SPAN: A new tool for measuring verbal working memory
Authors: Zychowicz Katarzyna , Biedroń Adriana , Pawlak Mirosław
Published: December 2017

Individual differences in second language acquisition (SLA) encompass differences in working memory capacity, which is believed to be one of the most crucial factors influencing language learning. However, in Poland research on the role of working memory in SLA is scarce due to a lack of proper Polish instruments for measuring this construct. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process of construction and validation of the Polish Listening Span (PLSPAN) as a tool intended to measure verbal working memory of adults. The article presents the requisite theoretical background as well as the information about the PLSPAN, that is, the structure of the test, the scoring procedures and the steps taken with the aim of validating it.
The relationship between L2 students’ writing experiences and their perceived poetry writing ability
Authors: Liao Fang-Yu
Published: December 2017

This paper looks at how L2 students’ writing experiences relate to the way they think they can write poems and to further investigate if any types of writing experiences contribute to their perceived poetry writing ability. The paper starts by bringing up the value of introducing poetry writing to L2 students. Then, the literature review section highlights the characteristics of L2 poetry and the values of writing poetry in L2 writing classrooms. For the methodology, semi-structured interviews were used to elicit the participants’ understanding of their writing experiences. Additionally, a rating scale was used for the participants to identify their perceived capability of writing poetry. All 18 participants who were from regions that included countries from Eastern Asia, Middle East, or Africa, were L2 students from an M.A. TESOL program located in the USA. Through a hierarchical cluster analysis, the findings categorized these students as having five different types of writing experiences. Through a Pearson correlation test, the researcher also examined if any of the specific writing experiences were found to correspond either positively or negatively with the perceived poetry writing ability. The data suggest that if students recall more grammar and structured writing experiences, they are more inclined to perceive that they have a lower perceived poetry writing ability. Finally, the study seeks to contribute to educators’ understanding about the potential of poetry writing instruction in L2 writing classrooms. It can trigger the exploration for L2 students to find their own personal purposes of writing as multilingual writers.
Discourse markers in non-native EFL teacher talk
Authors: Vickov Gloria , Jakupčević Eva
Published: December 2017

The present study aims to investigate the use of discourse markers (DMs) in non-native (Croatian) EFL teachers´ talk with primary and secondary school students. The study concentrates on the occurrences and frequencies of DMs, but it also provides an account of the function distribution of the three most frequently used DMs (ok, so, and). The quantitative and qualitative analyses of the recorded transcriptions reveal that the teachers use a variety of DMs, almost exclusively the ones typical of classroom management and classroom discourse organization, with no significant differences in the patterns of DM use with the primary and secondary school students. The DMs fulfill a number of structural and interpersonal functions mainly aimed at providing coherent and stimulating classroom discourse. The findings of this study might contribute to raising awareness of the diversified functions of DMs, which could facilitate non-native EFL teachers´ overall lesson organization and structuring of particular teaching segments.
Review of Assessment in the language classroom: Teachers supporting student learning; Authors: Liying Cheng, Janna Fox; Publisher: Palgrave, 2017; ISBN: 978-1137464835; Pages: 246
Authors: Krajka Jarosław
Published: December 2017

Book review
Review of Demotivation in second language acquisition: Insights from Japan; Author: Keita Kikuchi; Publisher: Multilingual Matters, 2015; ISBN: 9781138783093946; Pages: 162
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: December 2017

Book review
General Guidelines for Design of Affective Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Pudāne Māra , Lavendelis Egons
Published: December 2017

The paper presents general guidelines for designing affective multi-agent systems (affective MASs). The guidelines aim at extending the existing agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) methodologies to enable them to design affective MASs. The reason why affective mechanisms need specific attention during the design is the fact that the way how both rational tasks and interactions are done differ based on the affective state of the agents. Thus, the paper extends the traditional design approaches with the design of affective mechanisms and includes them in the design of the system as a whole.
The Adaptation Approach for Affective Game-Based Assessment
Authors: Petroviča Sintija , Anohina-Naumeca Alla
Published: December 2017

Game-based learning as a learning approach has been popular for ages; however, game-based assessment as a trend started to evolve only few years ago. Since knowledge assessment is more associated with negative emotions, systems intended to assess knowledge should take into consideration emotions as well. The analysis of existing studies shows that systems with integrated game-based assessment seldom utilise learner’s emotions for provision of adaptation. The main aim of the present paper is to introduce an adaptation approach for to affective game-based assessment.
Machine Learning Methods for Identifying Composition of Uranium Deposits in Kazakhstan
Authors: Kuchin Yan , Grundspeņķis Jānis
Published: December 2017

The paper explores geophysical methods of wells survey, as well as their role in the development of Kazakhstan’s uranium deposit mining efforts. An analysis of the existing methods for solving the problem of interpreting geophysical data using machine learning in petroleum geophysics is made. The requirements and possible applications of machine learning methods in regard to uranium deposits of Kazakhstan are formulated in the paper.
Workflow Generation from the Two-Hemisphere Model
Authors: Gusarovs Konstantīns , Ņikiforova Oksana
Published: December 2017

Model-Driven Software Development (MDSD) is a trend in Software Development that focuses on code generation from various kinds of models. To perform such a task, it is necessary to develop an algorithm that performs source model transformation into the target model, which ideally is an actual software code written in some kind of a programming language. However, at present a lot of methods focus on Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagram generation. The present paper describes a result of authors’ research on Two-Hemisphere Model (2HM) processing for easier code generation.
Implementation of a MIX Emulator: A Case Study of the Scala Programming Language Facilities
Authors: Batdalov Ruslan , Ņikiforova Oksana
Published: December 2017

Implementation of an emulator of MIX, a mythical computer invented by Donald Knuth, is used as a case study of the features of the Scala programming language. The developed emulator provides rich opportunities for program debugging, such as tracking intermediate steps of program execution, an opportunity to run a program in the binary or the decimal mode of MIX, verification of correct synchronisation of input/output operations. Such Scala features as cross-compilation, family polymorphism and support for immutable data structures have proved to be useful for implementation of the emulator. The authors of the paper also propose some improvements to these features: flexible definition of family-polymorphic types, integration of family polymorphism with generics, establishing full equivalence between mutating operations on mutable data types and copy-and-modify operations on immutable data types. The emulator is free and open source software available at www.mix-emulator.org.
Basic Principles of Simulations: In situ and Online Simulation
Authors: Stošić Biljana , Budić Ivana , Stanković Danijela , Jović Marija , Perić Velimir , Stošić Marija , Radić Milica
Published: December 2017

Medical simulation is an artificial and a faithful representation of real clinical situations with the help of static and interactive doll simulators, standardized patients/actors, models for the exercise, simulation on a computer screen and a “serious” performance of a real clinical situation. That is a modern way of learning that helps students and health workers to achieve a higher level of expertise and provide a safer health care. Medical simulation is one of the greatest and most important innovations in medical education for the past 20 years. The goal of the simulation is to provide an optimal relationship between education and patient’s safety. It is used both in undergraduate and postgraduate studies, as well as in continuing medical education. Simulators used in medical education can be divided into six groups, ranging from the use of paper and pencils to the most modern computerized interactive simulator. Depending on the economic development level and the organization of health care, rigorous high medical simulation can be performed in three ways: in the center for medical simulation, in the form of “in situ” simulation, and as remote simulations.
Surgical Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Rendevski Vladimir , Stojanov Dragan , Aleksovski Boris , Rendevska Ana Mihajlovska , Chaparoski Aleksandar , Ugurlar Doga , Aleksovski Vasko , Baneva Natalija , Gjorgoski Icko
Published: December 2017

The aim of the paper was to evaluate the surgical outcome in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after surgical intervention, in respect to the initial clinical conditions, age, sex, hemispheric side and anatomic localization of ICH. Thirty-eight surgically treated patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage were included in the study. The surgical outcome was evaluated three months after the initial admission, according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). The surgical treatment was successful in 14 patients (37%), whereas it was unsuccessful in 24 patients (63%). We have detected a significant negative correlation between the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores on admission and the GOS scores after three months, suggesting worse neurological outcome in patients with initially lower GCS scores. The surgical outcome in patients with ICH was not affected by the sex, the hemispheric side and the anatomic localization of ICH, but the age of the patients was estimated as a significant factor for their functional outcome, with younger patients being more likely to be treated successfully. The surgical outcome is affected from the initial clinical state of the patients and their age. The treatment of ICH is still an unsolved clinical problem and the development of new surgical techniques with larger efficiency in the evacuation of the hematoma is necessary, thus making a minimal damage to the normal brain tissue, as well as decreasing the possibility of postoperative bleeding.
Secondary Metabolites of Hypericum L. Species as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: Šmelcerović Andrija , Šmelcerović Žaklina , Tomović Katarina , Kocić Gordana , Đorđević Aleksandra
Published: December 2017

Nine Hypericum species (H. barbatum, H. hirsutum, H. linarioides, H. olympicum, H. perforatum, H. rochelii, H. rumeliacum, H. tetrapterum and H. umbellatum) collected in Serbia were assayed for inhibitory potential against xanthine oxidase in vitro, on the commercial enzyme, and compared with allopurinol. Seven studied Hypericum species (H. barbatum, H. rochelii, H. rumeliacum, H. umbellatum, H. perforatum, H. tetrapterum and H. olympicum) inhibit commercial xanthine oxidase with an IC50 below 100 μg/mL. H. barbatum exerted the most potent inhibitory effect (IC50 = 31.84 ± 6.64 μg/mL), followed closely by H. perforatum (IC50 = 37.12 ± 4.06 μg/mL).
Genetic Variability of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors Type I and II in Lymphoproliferative Diseases in the Serbian Population –
Authors: Jevtović-Stoimenov Tatjana , Marković Danica , Despotović Milena , Pavlović Dušica , Kocić Gordana
Published: December 2017

TNF-alpha and LT-alpha are involved in the pathogenesis of established lymphoproliferative diseases. Both molecules bind to TNFRI and TNFRII. TNFRI is the major mediator of the TNF pro-apoptotic and proliferative effects and TNFRII might enhance these effects. TNF receptors I and II are normally present on hematopoetic cells. TNFR II is characteristic only on immune cells, especially on peripheral leukocytes. Neoplastic B cells and activated B lymphocytes have increased expression of surface TNFR I. In this study, we have analyzed polymorphisms in the TNFRI gene (TNFRI+36A/G SNP) and polymorphism in the TNFRII gene (TNFRII + 676 T/G). All these polymorphisms were studied in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), patients with non-Hodkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and in healthy controls. The present study was undertaken to investigate the genetic association of these polymorphisms with lymproproliferative disease development.

A total of 68 patients (49-CLL, 19-HNL) were diagnosed at the Clinic of Hematology, Clinical centre Niš, Serbia, using clinical findings and conventional morphological, cytochemical and immunological tests. Genomic DNA was isolated from isolated lymphocytes by proteinase K/phenol/chloroform method, and genotyped for TNFR I (A36G) and TNFR II (T676G) using the PCR-RFLP method.

No significant differences in allele frequencies of TNFR1 polymorphism were found between the patients with lymphoproliferative disease and healthy individuals. In a group of healthy individuals, the study has revealed for the first time significantly higher TNFRI G/G genotype compared to the patients with lymphoproliferative disease (χ22 = 5.66; p = 0.017). Also, we reported the implication of TNFRII T allele in NHL pathogenesis, respectively (χ22 = 10.77; p = 0.001; Mantel-Haenszel: χ22 = 10.64; p = 0.0011).

Our data showed that TNFRII T676G polymorphisms have an important role in NHL pathogenesis but not in CLL patients. A/A polymorphism in TNFRI was not associated with CLL and NHL patients in the Serbian population. Investigated polymorphisms on TNFR genes in leukemic cells of CLL and NHL patients have not showed a correlation with increased proliferation of B lymphocytes and increased expression of TNF R II on B CLL lymphocytes.
Correlation between Two Parameters of Mice Behaviour in the Open Field Test
Authors: Stojanović Nikola M. , Randjelović Pavle J. , Radulović Niko S.
Published: December 2017

The open field test is being used extensively for the determination of different aspects of animal behaviour for over seventy years. The correlation between different behavioural parameters obtained in this test, although previously studied, is still debatable. Thus, we aimed to analyze and correlate behaviour scores to estimate the importance of individual parameters in this type of experiment. The open field test was performed on male BALB/c mice treated with either saline (10 ml/kg) or diazepam (2 mg/kg), one hour before the experiment. The behaviour scores (number of squares crossed and rearings performed) obtained either by video recording or direct observation, during a five-minute experiment, were compared using a t-test and were tested for correlation. As expected, diazepam caused an increase in the number of squares crossed and rearings performed by the animals. The number of rearings was statistically different between the groups monitored in two different ways. The correlations between the behaviour scores obtained in the two modes of monitoring for all groups were moderate/strong positive ones. The correlation analyses revealed that the amount of information conveyed by a single behaviour parameter, either the number of squares crossed or the number of rearings, could be sufficient to estimate the animals’ motor activity in the open field test. Also, the results of this test could provide clues to very important piece of information in drug discovery, i.e. the general animal behaviour under the influence of CNS acting drugs in an experiment.
The Factors Influencing Galectin-3 Levels in Acute Coronary Syndrome with Decreased Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Andrejić Olivera , Vučić Rada , Apostolović Svetlana , Pavlović Milan , Stokanović Dragana , Nikolić Valentina , Jevtović-Stoimenov Tatjana , Momčilović Stefan
Published: December 2017

The aim of our study was to determine the factors influencing galectin-3 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. We collected material from 37 successive patients with acute coronary syndrome and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, of which 19 patients had atrial fibrillation, and 18 patients who were without atrial fibrillation constituted a control group. Blood samples used for the biochemical measurements were obtained on the third day from acute coronary syndrome. We used Statistical Package for Social Sciences for data analysis. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be a measure of statistical significance. Galectin-3 concentration is directly correlated with age and B-type natriuretic peptide level. Also, our results showed an inverse correlation between galectin-3 and total body weight, body mass index, body surface area and creatinine clearance. The following variables were found to be significant predictors of galectin-3 level: decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, total body weight, LDL concentration and body mass index. We identified factors that can predict a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction below 45% after acute coronary syndrome: atrial fibrillation increases the risk by almost six times, and urea concentration increases the risk by 1.2 times for each unit. Left ventricular ejection fraction below 45%, TBW, body mass index and LDL level are good predictors of galectin-3 concentration in patients with ACS and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. Atrial fibrillation could be a predictive marker of decreased left ventricular ejection fraction.
Psychological Capital and Academic Burnout in Students of Clinical Majors in Iran
Authors: Rad Mostafa , Shomoossi Nematullah , Rakhshani Mohammad Hassan , Sabzevari Marzieh Torkmannejad
Published: December 2017

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and academic burnout in medical students in Iran.

The relationship between PsyCap and academic burnout is not, however, clearly investigated in the clinical education.

This analytical study was conducted on 172 medical students of a major medical university in Iran, selected through randomized stratified sampling. A demographic section together with PCQ-24 and Academic Burnout Inventory were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software.

Mean academic burnout and PsyCap values were 45.79 and 95.70, respectively. A negative significant correlation were observed between them (r = 0.963, p < 0.001). Stepwise linear regression suggested the predictability of PsyCap by the components of academic burnout (p < 0.001).

The results suggested a relationship between students’ academic burnout and their PsyCap; in other words, their academic burnout can be controlled by enhancing their PsyCap. This will bear implications for educationists.
Case Report of the Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction: “From Flatline to Stent Implantation”
Authors: Petrović Dejan , Ilić Marina Deljanin , Ilić Bojan , Stojanović Sanja , Stojanović Milovan , Simonović Dejan
Published: December 2017

Asystole is a rare primary manifestation in the development of sudden cardiac death (SCD), and survival during cardiac arrest as the consequence of asystole is extremely low. The aim of our paper is to illustrate successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and rare and severe form of cardiac arrest - asystole. A very short time between cardiac arrest in acute myocardial infarction, which was manifested by asystole, and the adequate CPR measures that have been taken are of great importance for the survival of our patient.

After successful reanimation, the diagnosis of anterior wall AMI with ST segment elevation was established. The right therapeutic strategy is certainly the early primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). In less than two hours, after recording the “flatline” and successful reanimation, the patient was in the catheterization laboratory, where a successful PPCI of LAD was performed, after emergency coronary angiography. In the further treatment course of the patient, the majority of risk factors were corrected, except for smoking, which may be the reason for newly discovered lung tumor disease. Early recognition and properly applied treatment of CPR can produce higher rates of survival.
Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma in a Male Breast: Thirty Years after Orchiectomy
Authors: Katić Vuka , Radojković Danijela , Radovanović Zoran , Nagorni Ivan , Jović Andrija , Nedić Maja
Published: December 2017

Papillary carcinoma of the breast is an extremely rare form of breast carcinoma in males. We report a case of an 83-year-old man who presented with a retroareolar palpable mass, associated with bloody nipple discharge. Cytological characteristics were rare clusters and papillary formations with enlarged hyperchromatic nuclei, surrounded by erythrocytes. Having in mind that a reliable cytological diagnosis of papillary carcinoma cannot be made and that all papillary lesions observed in cytological material should be excised for histological examination, breast conserving surgery (BCS) was performed.

Histologically, cystic ducts were lined with atypical papillary formations bridging the duct lumen, but with the absence of both myoepithelial cells and stromal invasion. Prolactin and testosterone serum levels were decreased. Immunohistochemical examination on actin, estrogen and progesteron receptors was negative.

The authors have pointed out that the patient had left orchiectomy, induced by tuberculous orchiepididymitis with scrotal fistula, performed thirty years before. Twelve months after breast conserving surgery, the patient is still alive.
An Analysis of Rheological Properties of Inconel 625 Superalloy Feedstocks Formulated with Backbone Binder Polypropylene System for Powder Injection Molding
Authors: Gökmen U. , Türker M.
Published: December 2017

Binder formula is one of the most significant factors which has a considerable influence on powder injection molding (PIM) processes. In the study, rheological behaviors and properties of different binder systems containing PIM feedstocks, Inconel 625 powder commonly used in space industry, were investigated. The feedstocks were prepared 59%-69% (volume) powder loading ratios with three diversified binder systems by use of Polypropylene as backbone binder. The average particle size of the Inconel 625 powder used was 12.86 microns. Components used in the binder were mixed for 30 minutes as dry in three dimensional mixing to prepare binder systems. Rheological features of the feedstock were characterized by using a capillary rheometer. Viscosities of the feedstocks were calculated within the range of 37.996-1900 Pa.s based on the shear rate, shear stress, binder formula and temperature. “n” parameters for PIM feedstocks were determined to be less than 1. Influences of temperature on the viscosities of the feedstocks were also studied and “Ea” under various shear stresses were determined within the range of 24.41-70.89 kJ/mol.
Phase Equilibria in the Bi-In-Sn-Zn System. Thermal Analysis vs. Calculations
Authors: Dębski A. , Onderka B. , Gąsior W. , Gancarz T.
Published: December 2017

With the use of the differential thermal analysis (DTA), studies of the phase transitions were conducted for 90 of alloys from the quaternary Bi-In-Sn-Zn system and for the constant ratio of Bi:In and Bi:Sn. The studies were conducted for the alloys prepared from the purity metals (Bi, In, Sn, Zn = 99.999 mas. %) by way of melting in a graphite crucible in a glove-box filled with Ar, in which the impurities level was less than 0.1 ppm. After melting and thorough mixing, the liquid alloys were poured out into a graphite test mold. The phase transition temperature data obtained from the DTA investigations were next confronted with those determined from the calculations based on the binary and ternary optimized thermodynamic parameters available in the literature. It was found that the experimental and the calculated phase transition temperatures were in good agreement.
The Application of Friction Stir Processing to the Fabrication of Magnesium-Based Foams
Authors: Azizieh M. , Pourmansouri R. , Balak Z. , Kafashan H. , Mazaheri M. , Kim H. Seop
Published: December 2017

In the present paper, friction stir processing (FSP) is used to fabricate magnesium-based nanocomposite foams. The effects of the number of FSP passes, TiH2to Al2O3weight ratio, and foaming temperature; on the pore distribution and porosity are described. The results indicate that a minimum TiH2to Al2O3weight ratio is necessary to provide the best pore distribution and porosity. Closed-cell porous magnesium with a porosity of about 17.5% was successfully fabricated using 4-pass FSP at 800 rpm, by adding 5 mass% TiH2and 3.5 mass% Al2O3; at a holding temperature of 858 K, and a holding time of 45 min.
Modeling of Eutectic Formation in Al-Si Alloy Using A Phase-Field Method
Authors: Ebrahimi Z.
Published: December 2017

We have utilized a phase-field model to investigate the evolution of eutectic silicon in Al-Si alloy. The interfacial fluctuations are included into a phase-field model of two-phase solidification, as stochastic noise terms and their dominant role in eutectic silicon formation is discussed. We have observed that silicon spherical particles nucleate on the foundation of primary aluminum phase and their nucleation continues on concentric rings, through the Al matrix. The nucleation of silicon particles is attributed to the inclusion of fluctuations into the phase-field equations. The simulation results have shown needle-like, fish-bone like and flakes of silicon phase by adjusting the noise coefficients to larger values. Moreover, the role of primary Al phase on nucleation of silicon particles in Al-Si alloy is elaborated. We have found that the addition of fluctuations plays the role of modifiers in our simulations and is essential for phase-field modeling of eutectic growth in Al-Si system. The simulated finger-like Al phases and spherical Si particles are very similar to those of experimental eutectic growth in modified Al-Si alloy.
Vibration-Assisted Laser Surface Texturing and Electromachining for the Intensification of Boiling Heat Transfer in a Minichannel
Authors: Piasecka M. , Strąk K. , Grabas B.
Published: December 2017

The paper describes applications of the vibration-assisted laser surface texturing and spark erosion process as methods of modifying properties and structures of metal surfaces. Practical aspects of the use of produced surfaces in the heat exchanger with a minichannel have been described. Compared with smooth surfaces, developed metal surfaces obtained by vibration-assisted laser surface texturing and electromachining show more effective heat transfer. The local heat transfer coefficient for the saturated boiling region obtained for developed surfaces had the values significantly higher than those obtained for the smooth plate at the same heat flux. The experimental results are presented as the heated plate temperature (obtained from infrared thermography) and relationships between the heat transfer coefficient and the distance along the length of the minichannel for the saturated boiling region.
Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Asymmetric Rolling of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using Two-Scale Elasto-Plastic Constitutive Relation
Authors: Wronski M. , Wierzbanowski K. , Wronski S. , Bacroix B. , Lipinski P.
Published: December 2017

The goal of this work was theoretical and experimental study of micro- and macroscopic mechanical fields of 6061 aluminum alloy induced by the asymmetric rolling process. Two-scale constitutive law was used by implementing an elasto-plastic self-consistent scheme into the Finite Element code (ABAQUS/Explicit). The model was applied to study the asymmetric rolling. Such a deformation process induces heterogeneous mechanical fields that were reproduced by the model thanks to the crystallographic nature of constitutive law used. The studied material was processed, at room temperature, in one rolling pass to 36% reduction. The resulting material modifications were compared with predictions of the two-scale model. Namely, the calculated textures were compared with experimental ones determined by X-ray diffraction. Especially, detailed quantitative analysis of texture variation across the sample thickness was done. The influence of this texture variation on plastic anisotropy was studied. The advantages of asymmetric rolling process over symmetric one were identified. The main benefits are a nearly homogeneous crystallographic texture, reduced rolling normal forces and homogenization of plastic anisotropy through the sample thickness.