bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Galenic Reading of the Redcrosse Knight’s “goodly court” of Fidessa/Duessa
Authors: Broaddus James W.
Published: April 2012

In book 1 of Edmund Spenser’s Faerie Queene , Redcrosse’s “goodly court” of Fidessa/ Duessa, “Pourd out in loosnesse on the grassy grownd,” is typically perceived as a moral failure. However, when Galen and his followers provide the perspective, the “goodly court” becomes also a sexual failure brought about when the “crudled cold” that “gan assayle” Redcrosse’s “corage” (sexual vigor and inclination) depletes the vital spirits in his blood and semen. That Redcrosse’s moral failure is, in addition, a sexual failure better serves to implement Despayre’s efforts to bring Redcrosse to despair by making his “goodly court” even more an occasion of male shame than would the subsequent stripping of Fidessa/Duessa by itself; but, by inciting Despayre, the sexual failure also helps implement God’s plan for one of his elect. Armed with the complex of Redcrosse’s failures, Despayre is able to dismay the Knight so completely that he passively accepts Una’s guidance and comes to the house of Holinesse where, when his adventures are read as an expression of the order of salvation, he is called and justified, repents, and begins his sanctification.
Reading Catholic Art in Edmund Spenser’s Temple of Isis
Authors: Delsigne Jill
Published: April 2012

This article investigates Spenser’s Egyptian lexicon for the Catholic veneration of sacred images in the Temple of Isis in book 5 of the Faerie Queene . Though not Catholic, Spenser salvages the spiritual power of material objects for his own literary project. By deploying Egyptian mythology as the setting for Britomart’s dream vision of English Empire, Spenser sketches a translatio imperii from Egypt to Rome and from Rome to England, a transfer not only of political but also of religious power; for England to vie for the inheritance of the Roman Empire, it had to show a lineage to Rome, just as Britomart’s dream vision shows Queen Elizabeth’s ancestry. I argue that in her dream vision, Britomart can be seen not only as Isis but also as the Virgin Mary. Spenser’s emphasis on the spiritual power of the Isis statue to transform Britomart leads me to a contemporary title-page image in John Dee’s Monas Hieroglyphica . The textual and visual correlations between the Isis statue and Dee’s monad testify to a shared reverence for the power of material objects in early modern England’s Protestant culture. The Faerie Queene educates readers, like Britomart, to recognize the difference between sacred art and empty idolatry—to resist seduction by Busirane’s statue of Cupid and to acknowledge the power of Isis.
Shakespeare’s Play with Perspective: Sonnet 24, Hamlet , Lear
Authors: Mead Stephen X.
Published: April 2012

Indebted to Shakespeare’s understanding of perspective in the visual arts as much as to the tradition of ut pictura poesis , Sonnet 24 uses poetry’s capacity for ambiguity and references drama’s ability to create slippage between character and actor to demonstrate that manipulated surfaces—to wit, the perspectival paintings in vogue since the early fifteenth century—cannot delve into the interior but only discover, or create, more surfaces. By understanding and to some degree exploiting the techniques of perspectival artists, Shakespeare is gradually able to create a play space at once deeply physical and insistently metaphysical. The chamber scene in Hamlet , with its mirror and thrust-through arras, and the final scene in King Lear , with its stage-versioned vanishing point at the silent mouth of the dead Cordelia, suggest that Shakespeare uses his knowledge of perspective and its limitations in part to explore the dramatic possibilities for character interiority.
Feminine Virtue’s Network of Influence in Early Modern England
Authors: Murphy Jessica C.
Published: April 2012

In contrast to the paradoxes of chastity that appear to limit women’s options, prescriptive literature often portrays obedience as a virtue that is both performative and reformative. Early modern women were not taught to be unquestioningly obedient but rather that they had a responsibility to be virtuous: to perform submission in order to reform others. This model of performance requires women critically to analyze behavioral prescriptions, because the proper performance necessitates interpretation on their part; this shows that self-reflection is possible and even encouraged. Texts discussed include Robert Snawsel’s A Looking-glasse for Married Folkes and Robert Greene’s Penelope’s Web .
“Now English denizend, though Hebrue borne”: Did Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, Read Hebrew?
Authors: Knowles Melody D.
Published: April 2012

The close relationship between the Hebrew Psalms and the paraphrase of Mary Sidney Herbert has led some to conclude that the Countess of Pembroke worked with the original language. Others are not so sure. Lacking in most discussions is a close comparison of the various editions of her work with the Hebrew text itself. Given the growing interest in Pembroke’s work, gendered pedagogy, and the Elizabethan study of biblical languages, such a comparison is surely in order. In this short essay, a biblical scholar examines Pembroke’s paraphrases of the Psalms and concludes that, although Pembroke exhibits a growing interest in representing the original text, she did not know Hebrew. In examining her treatment of the divine names “YHWH” and “Yah,” her representation of the dialogical shifts within particular psalms, and other features, Knowles argues that Pembroke depended on secondary sources such as the Geneva Bible and Calvin’s commentaries as her entrée to the biblical text.
Comparing Conquests: The Life of St. Birinus and the Norman Invasion of England
Authors: Zimmerman Harold C.
Published: April 2012

The Vita Sancti Birini is an Anglo-Latin text written in the eleventh century and is the sole vita for Birinus, a Roman bishop and missionary who came to Britain in the mid-seventh century. In this narrative, the author explicitly treats Birinus’s conversion of the West Saxons as a conquest, thus making this text—written after the Norman Conquest—a work at least in part about the proper (and improper) way to conquer the people of Britain, and the West Saxons in particular. In the vita , the point is stressed that in conquest, it is important for the losers not to feel humiliated but rather that both sides should believe they are the victors. This and the sentiment expressed elsewhere in the text that domination diminishes rule while servitude increases it should be seen as a criticism of the recent Norman arrival and the strategies of governance they employed. Further, by looking closely at the example of how to undertake a proper conquest as detailed in the text and comparing it to a variety of conquests that occurred in Britain throughout the Anglo-Saxon period, we can more clearly theorize the operation of composite identity formation and the crucial roles of rationalization and accommodation in the creation of sociopolitical identity in the early Middle Ages, underscoring exactly how drastic an event the Norman Conquest and its attendant political and social changes were in Britain.
Aemilia Lanyer’s Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum and the Production of Possibility
Authors: Garrison John
Published: April 2012

This article examines the ways in which terms define or fail to define the shifting identities of speakers and addressees throughout the dedications and titular poem of Aemilia Lanyer’s Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum (1611). Such an examination of the text yields implications for scholarship that has focused on Lanyer’s problematic relationship to patronage and explored her efforts to construct a poetic and priestly lineage among women. The article analyzes Lanyer’s appeals to potential patrons, including Mary Sidney, Arbella Stuart, Princess Elizabeth, and Anne Clifford. The analysis focuses on the peculiar polyvocality at work within Lanyer’s volume, especially with regards to the linguistic operations of deixis across her poetic project. This article suggests that Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum depicts possible, alternate versions of the author’s dedicatees that constitute a valued object for exchange and enable stronger claims of a kinship lineage among women than has previously been considered.
2011 VanArsdel Prize Essay Tessellating Texts: Reading The Moonstone in All the Year Round
Authors: Lanning Katie
Published: April 2012

This essay explores the tessellated reading experiences associated with Wilkie Collins’s The Moonstone, a serialized novel published in All the Year Round. A tessellated reading is one that engages with multiple texts at once, connecting and shaping elements of each text into one unified reading experience. Because Victorian serial installments were often published among a variety of contents in a single periodical, readers could tessellate meaning by drawing connections between the various texts of the issue. The primary tessellation this paper studies is the relationship between narrator Gabriel Betteredge’s favorite book, Robinson Crusoe, and advertisements in All the Year Round. Betteredge’s edition of Robinson Crusoe matches the 1866 Macmillan edition advertised in All the Year Round during The Moonstone ’s run. This, and other connections between the novel and its surrounding texts, reveals porous boundaries between contents in the periodical indicative of tessellated reading.
The Illustrated Pocket Diary: Generic Continuity and Innovation, 1820–40
Authors: Jung Sandro
Published: April 2012

Introducing the neglected print culture genre of the illustrated pocket diary, the article examines its generic origins and development from the late eighteenth century to the first half of the nineteenth century. It pays particular attention to the various titles that competing booksellers issued in the course of the first four decades of the nineteenth century and the ways in which these titles were differentiated by means of their illustrative paratexts. The illustrated pocket diary is shown to thrive in the proliferating market for pocket books in that publishers targeted a range of class- and gender-specific consumer groups. They equipped their pocket diaries with paratexts such as plates depicting cultural loci and architectural feats, lists of members of parliament and the royal family, music and songs, contemporary poetry and biographical memoirs, as well as enigmas and conundrums to respond to the different needs and interests of the books’ prospective users.
Christmas Books and Victorian Book Reviewing
Authors: Moore Tara
Published: April 2012

Book reviewing has a long history, and the mid-nineteenth century saw the addition of book reviews designed to support Christmas book sales. A surge in books published for Christmas entertainment and gift-giving not only affected the labor required to produce these books but also pressured book reviewers to find inventive ways to critique the piles of books that besieged them each December. With the warm feelings of Christmas came a gentler reviewing period, but books that received kindly reviews in late December could easily garner harsher criticism in the new year.
“Show me the money!”: A Pecuniary Investigation of William Makepeace Thackeray’s Early Victorian Journalism
Authors: Simons Gary
Published: April 2012

During the early Victorian era, Thackeray published over five hundred articles in over twenty periodicals; but the varying circumstances of these writings are obscure. Following the money trail (i.e., identifying and matching specific writings and payments) clarifies terms and rates of pay and supports narrative expositions of Thackeray’s periodical relationships. Thackeray wrote out of financial need. On a per-character basis, the payments which drove his choice of venues are shown to have varied by a factor of 5. Thackeray’s income from periodicals is shown to have peaked at £60–70 per month before the advent of Vanity Fair .
Ram Gopal Varma, Bombay, and Globalization
Authors: Reddy V. Vamshi Krishna
Published: April 2012

Globalization has inspired various research trajectories. Its impact is wide and pervasive, influencing disciplines such as the sciences, sociology, anthropology, economics, psychology, and cultural studies. Cinema too has a strong relationship with the globalization from its emergence in the 1990s. The economic developments brought by globalization have led the Indian entertainment industry to scale new heights. Television, advertising, and film as interrelated spheres have expanded rapidly and comprise a significant and powerful industry today. This process identified Hindi popular cinema as "Bollywood," the product of the film industry based in Mumbai. As a result, Bollywood is established as a prominent culture industry in the country.
Women's Revenge: Male Violence vs Female Masculinity in The New Woman (1935) and The Price of Madness (1988)
Authors: Jing Shen
Published: April 2012

This paper addresses the issue of female masculinity in both 1930s' and 1980s' China. It involves heated cultural debates on "modern women" centered on a struggle to identify female subjectivity. On the one hand, it re-examines basic social norms, such as gender relations from a feminist perspective. On the other hand, it acknowledges democratic value that is no longer attached to the imaginative world created by men, but is rather endorsed by the call for gender equality, fighting against any new forms of male dominance.
Spatial Reconfigurations of Beijing: Transnational Architecture, Avant-Garde Art, and Local Documentary Practice
Authors: Lu Sheldon
Published: April 2012

Beijing undergoes another round of massive urban construction and destruction in the preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games. This essay focuses on two interrelated facets of this process of urban restructuring the erection of public monuments as symbols of China's globalization, modernization, and progress on the one hand, and the dislocation of local Beijing residents in order to clean up the city on the other. I examine the city's spatial transformation in three areas: public monuments, avant-garde art, and local documentary practice.
Driving the Blues Away: Yuan and Letting Go in Wong Kar-Wai's My Blueberry Nights
Authors: Crawford Elizabeth Crisp , Gleason Timothy R. , Yu Nan
Published: April 2012

For Chinese born, Hong Kong-based film director Wong Kar-Wai, creating his first English-language film for an American audience, My Blueberry Nights (2007), was an artistic and cultural leap. However, this was not the first time Wong has taken a risk with his work. His eight previous feature films include a gang drama, a period romantic piece, a science fiction epic, and a tale of gay lovers living in Argentina. He frequently fuses Eastern and Western art cinema and frames his characters with stunning visuals (O'Hehir, 2008). However, film critics reviewing My Blueberry Nights found the film to be lighter and more sentimental than his previous films (Coleman, 2008; O'Hehir, 2008).
Regulation of Neuronal mRNA Translation by CaM-Kinase I Phosphorylation of eIF4GII
Authors: Srivastava Taasin , Fortin Dale A. , Nygaard Sean , Kaech Stefanie , Sonenberg Nahum , Edelman Arthur M. , Soderling Thomas R.
Published: April 2012

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) are essential for neuronal development and plasticity, processes requiringde novoprotein synthesis. Roles for CaMKs in modulating gene transcription are well established, but their involvement in mRNA translation is evolving. Here we report that activity-dependent translational initiation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons is enhanced by CaMKI-mediated phosphorylation of Ser1156 in eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4GII (4GII). Treatment with bicuculline or gabazine to enhance neuronal activity promotes recruitment of wild-type 4GII, but not the 4GII S1156A mutant or 4GI, to the heterotrimeric eIF4F (4F) complex that assembles at the 5′ cap structure (m7GTP) of mRNA to initiate ribosomal scanning. Recruitment of 4GII to 4F is suppressed by pharmacological inhibition (STO-609) of CaM kinase kinase, the upstream activator of CaMKI.Post hoc in vitroCaMKI phosphorylation assays confirm that activity promotes phosphorylation of S1156 in transfected 4GII in neurons. Changes in cap-dependent and cap-independent translation were assessed using a bicistronic luciferase reporter transfected into neurons. Activity upregulates cap-dependent translation, and RNAi knockdown of CaMKIβ and γ isoforms, but not α or δ, led to its attenuation as did blockade of NMDA receptors. Furthermore, RNAi knockdown of 4GII attenuates cap-dependent translation and reduces density of dendritic filopodia and spine formation without effect on dendritic arborization. Together, our results provide a mechanistic link between Ca2+influx due to neuronal activity and regulation of cap-dependent RNA translation via CaMKI activation and selective recruitment of phosphorylated 4GII to the 4F complex, which may function to regulate activity-dependent changes in spine density.
Parallel Coding of First- and Second-Order Stimulus Attributes by Midbrain Electrosensory Neurons
Authors: McGillivray Patrick , Vonderschen Katrin , Fortune Eric S. , Chacron Maurice J.
Published: April 2012

Natural stimuli often have time-varying first-order (i.e., mean) and second-order (i.e., variance) attributes that each carry critical information for perception and can vary independently over orders of magnitude. Experiments have shown that sensory systems continuously adapt their responses based on changes in each of these attributes. This adaptation creates ambiguity in the neural code as multiple stimuli may elicit the same neural response. While parallel processing of first- and second-order attributes by separate neural pathways is sufficient to remove this ambiguity, the existence of such pathways and the neural circuits that mediate their emergence have not been uncovered to date. We recorded the responses of midbrain electrosensory neurons in the weakly electric fishApteronotus leptorhynchusto stimuli with first- and second-order attributes that varied independently in time. We found three distinct groups of midbrain neurons: the first group responded to both first- and second-order attributes, the second group responded selectively to first-order attributes, and the last group responded selectively to second-order attributes. In contrast, all afferent hindbrain neurons responded to both first- and second-order attributes. Using computational analyses, we show how inputs from a heterogeneous population of ON- and OFF-type afferent neurons are combined to give rise to response selectivity to either first- or second-order stimulus attributes in midbrain neurons. Our study thus uncovers, for the first time, generic and widely applicable mechanisms by which parallel processing of first- and second-order stimulus attributes emerges in the brain.
SnO
2
Promoted by Praseodymia: Novel Catalysts for CO Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Rongbin , Shang Jinyan , Zeng Xianrong , Xu Xianglan , Fang Xiuzhong , Wang Xiang
Published: April 2012

Praseodymia-doped SnO2 catalysts were prepared with precipitation-deposition method and used for CO oxidation. The samples were characterized by means of Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometery (ICP), N2 Adsortion-desorption with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller Technique (N2-BET), X-ray Podwer Diffraction (XRD), H2 Temperature Programmed Reduction (H2-TPR), Thermal Gravity Analysis–Differential Scanning Carorimetry (TGA-DSC) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Analysis (XPS). Praseodymia was found to disperse finely onto the surface of rutile SnO2, and had some strong interaction with it, thus stabilizing the surface area of the resulted catalysts as well as producing larger amount of active oxygen species. As a consequence, the CO oxidation activity of the Sn–Pr composite metal oxide catalysts was significantly enhanced. The activity of the catalysts also improves with the increasing of praseodymia addition amount, mainly due to the formation of more active oxygen species and increased surface areas.
Role of Vibrational Excitation of the Adlayer in 'Precursor-Mediated' Sticking Probabilities of CO on Metal Surfaces: A Kinetic Model
Authors: Molinari Ettore , Tomellini Massimo
Published: April 2012

The available experimental and theoretical evidence for vibrational excitation of the adlayer in CO chemisorption on metal surfaces raises the question on the validity of the generally accepted model of 'precursor-mediated' adsorption in the presence of adsorption–stimulated desorption (asd) as triggered by the hyperthermal conditions of the adlayer. The analysis shows that a 'precursor-mediated' kinetics still describes the total rate of adsorption, but that sticking probability measurements carried out in the presence of asd might actually measure the net adsorption rate, that is a lower sticking probability. Literature data, on the decrease of the sticking probability at increasing energies of the impinging CO molecular beams, have tentatively been interpreted by assuming an enhancement of the desorption rate caused by the energy transfer from the beam. The analysis is supported by a theoretical kinetic model of 'precursor- mediated' adsorption which takes into account, explicitly, the vibrational excitation of the adspecies.
Differences in Health Complaints among Taiwanese Workers in Different Occupational Categories
Authors: Huang Shu‐Ling , Lee Hong‐Shen , Li Ren‐Hau , Lai Yu‐Min , Chen Amanda LC , Tang Feng‐Cheng
Published: April 2012

Differences in Health Complaints among Taiwanese Workers in Different Occupational Categories: Shu‐Ling HUANG, et al. Department of Psychology, Chung‐Shan Medical University, Taiwan—

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of and differences in certain health complaints, including physical symptoms and psychological distress, among workers in different occupational categories and to explore the associations between occupational category and each complaint.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study was conducted using a self‐administered questionnaire. A total of 1,628 workers representing seven occupational categories from ten companies in different industries submitted completed questionnaires. The self‐administered questionnaire contained three parts: personal data, physical symptoms and psychological distress. Physical symptoms were measured using nine questions developed by a panel of ten general practitioners; the questions included nine common physical symptoms across main organ systems. Psychological distress was measured using the Chinese Health Questionnaire.

Results

Muscle pain (44.7%) and dizziness (30.1%) were the most common symptoms reported by participants, and 16.6% of participants suffered from psychological distress. Significant differences in physical symptoms and psychological distress were found among workers in different occupational categories (χ2=53.59, p<0.001). Compared with service workers, office workers and managers had higher prevalence rates of physical symptoms; office workers also showed a higher prevalence of psychological distress.

Conclusions

The study merits attention in terms of prevention of health problems in the workplace by focusing on a set of physical symptoms and psychological distress (not merely morbidity). Occupational category should be taken into consideration when planning workplace health promotion. Our findings highlight the need for health promotion programs that specifically target office workers and managers.
Recent advances and future perspectives in resistance breeding against Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, strain UG99
Authors: Shiferaw G. , Hoffmann B.
Published: April 2012

The new stem rust strain, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici — Ug99, has been a rising threat since the alarm was rung in Uganda in 1998. The genetic and breeding dimensions of research against this disease include the development of vigorous molecular markers, the identification and introgression of multiple resistance genes, the translocation of alien chromosomes, the enrichment of breeding lines with crossability alleles and the development of interspecific hybrids. Resistance genes have been identified in the primary wheat gene pool and in alien sources such as Aegilops spp., Dasypyrum villosum, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare and Oryza spp. and some of these sources have been used to confer resistance as a function of single or multiple gene effects. Realizing the potential disaster if Ug99 and related variants break out in other regions, wheat-producing countries are characterizing their germplasm and improving their stem rust race tracking systems. Equally important is “appropriate genetic management”, i.e. the use of currently effective resistance genes in such a way that the evolution and adaptation of new virulence will be deterred. This review will summarize the recent research advances and future perspectives in setting effective genetic barriers vis-à-vis the seemingly intractable spread and evolution of Ug99.
Attack of Potyphagotarsonemus tatus on cotton treated with growth retardants
Authors: Barbosa Luiz Mauro , Castro Paulo R.C.
Published: April 2012

The effects of growth retardants on infestation by Potyphagotarsonemus tatus (broad mite) on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. IAC-17) plants was studied. Cotton plants were sprayed with (2-ch1oroethy1) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 250, 350 and 450 ppm, and with 1,1-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride (Pix) at concentrations of 84, 167 and 250 ppm. Growth retardants did not give effective control of Potyphagotarsone mus tatus but application of Pix 167 ppm showed a tendency to reduce mite attack.
Action of growth regulators on soybean cultivar Davis
Authors: Castro Paulo R.C. , Vello Natal A.
Published: April 2012

The effects of growth regularots on soybean plant (Glycine max) under greenhouse conditions were studied. Before flower ing, Agrostemmin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5 - triio dobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TIBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. Treatment with GA increased plant height while CCC presented a tendency to reduce it. Numbers of leaves, internods, and stems were not affected by the growth regulators.
Modeling and simulation of forced-air cooling of strawberries using variable convective coefficient
Authors: Siqueira Álvaro J. H. , Costa Andréa O. da , Costa Junior Esly F. da
Published: April 2012

In the forced-air cooling process of fruits occurs, besides the convective heat transfer, the mass transfer by evaporation. The energy need in the evaporation is taken from fruit that has its temperature lowered. In this study it has been proposed the use of empirical correlations for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient as a function of surface temperature of the strawberry during the cooling process. The aim of this variation of the convective coefficient is to compensate the effect of evaporation in the heat transfer process. Linear and exponential correlations are tested, both with two adjustable parameters. The simulations are performed using experimental conditions reported in the literature for the cooling of strawberries. The results confirm the suitability of the proposed methodology.
Qualidade de vida de adolescentes modelos profissionais
Authors: Pires Luciana , Rodrigues Alexandra Magna , Fisberg Mauro , Costa Roberto Fernandes da , Schoen Teresa Helena
Published: April 2012

Muitas adolescentes deixam suas famílias para seguir a profissão de modelo, sonhando com um futuro glamoroso. O presente estudo caso-controle analisou a qualidade de vida de 74 adolescentes do sexo feminino, sendo 37 modelos, agenciadas em São Paulo, com delineamento transversal, utilizando o World Health Organization Quality of Life - versão breve (WHOQOL-BREF), que avalia qualidade de vida global e os domínios físico, psicológico, social e ambiental. Utilizou-se o Critério Brasil 2008, para avaliação do nível socioeconômico e para parear o grupo controle. Em geral, o grupo de modelos obteve médias superiores ao grupo de não modelos, sendo esta diferença significante apenas no domínio psicológico. Observou-se que as adolescentes modelos apresentaram uma qualidade de vida semelhante à das não modelos.
Representação mental e mudança terapêutica: uma contribuição da perspectiva psicanalítica da teoria das relações objetais
Authors: Zanatta Denise , Benetti Silvia Pereira da Cruz
Published: April 2012

Apesar do avanço das pesquisas em psicoterapia, estudos na abordagem psicanalítica ainda são escassos. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a contribuição do conceito de representação mental como um constructo importante para fundamentar pesquisas na área psicanalítica baseadas na identificação dos elementos associados à mudança terapêutica. Inicialmente discutem-se conceitos e modelos teóricos psicanalíticos para posteriormente discutir a noção de representação mental em relação à mudança terapêutica, destacando-se a contribuição da teoria das relações objetais e do apego. Nesse sentido, apresenta-se o Inventário das Relações de Objeto, instrumento que avalia a qualidade das representações mentais, identificando mudanças ao longo da psicoterapia. Espera-se oferecer subsídios para o aprimoramento do trabalho clínico em psicoterapias e o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em psicanálise.
O cotidiano, o lúdico e as redes relacionais: a artesania do cuidar em terapia ocupacional no hospital
Authors: Angeli Andrea do Amparo Carotta de , Luvizaro Nathália Azevedo , Galheigo Sandra Maria
Published: April 2012

O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre os modos de fazer, sentir e conduzir as ações de contar histórias em uma enfermaria pediátrica. Essas ações decorrem de atividades de extensão universitária, no âmbito da terapia ocupacional. A reflexão, realizada a partir da revisão de literatura e discussão sobre anotações de campo do projeto, pauta-se por norteadores teóricos baseados nas tecnologias do cuidado e no brincar dentro do contexto das intervenções no hospital, sob a perspectiva da integralidade e da humanização do cuidado. A contação de histórias é apresentada enquanto forma de promover escuta, acolhimento, afetações diversas e processos vinculares, possibilitando a constituição de uma rede de sustentabilidade relacional, envolvendo os atores que circulam na enfermaria. Reafirma, assim, as práticas profissionais em saúde no hospital a partir de uma construção permanente junto ao sujeito por meio de ferramentas tecnológicas singularizadoras que promovam encontros-acontecimentos.
Description of color/race in Brazilian biomedical research
Authors: Ribeiro Teresa Veronica Catonho , Ferreira Luzitano Brandão
Published: April 2012

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Over recent years, the terms race and ethnicity have been used to ascertain inequities in public health. However, this use depends on the quality of the data available. This study aimed to investigate the description of color/race in Brazilian scientific journals within the field of biomedicine. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study with systematic search for scientific articles in the SciELO Brazil database. METHODS: A wide-ranging systematic search for original articles involving humans, published in 32 Brazilian biomedical scientific journals in the SciELO Brazil database between January and December 2008, was performed. Articles in which the race/ethnicity of the participants was identified were analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 1,180 articles were analyzed. The terms for describing race or ethnicity were often ambiguous and vague. Descriptions of race or ethnicity occurred in 159 articles (13.4%), but only in 42 (26.4%) was there a description of how individuals were identified. In these, race and ethnicity were used almost interchangeably and definition was according to skin color (71.4%), ancestry (19.0%) and self-definition (9.6%). Twenty-two races or ethnicities were cited, and the most common were white (37.3%), black (19.7%), mixed (12.9%), nonwhite (8.1%) and yellow (8.1%). CONCLUSION: The absence of descriptions of parameters for defining race, as well as the use of vague and ambiguous terms, may hamper and even prevent comparisons between human groups and the use of these data to ascertain inequities in healthcare.
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the trachea: case report
Authors: Magliari Maria Elisa Ruffolo , Aquino Renata Telles Rudge de , Gonçalves Anna Luiza Lobão , Marioni Fábio , Bernardi Fabíola del Carlo , Brasil Sérgio , Almeida Joaquim Antonio da Fonseca , Andrade Benedito Juarez , Chiattone Carlos Sérgio , Lima Carlos Alberto da Conceição
Published: April 2012

CONTEXT: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are most commonly found in the stomach, lungs, orbital soft tissue, salivary glands and thyroid. Involvement of the trachea is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: This report describes a rare case of MALT lymphoma of the trachea in a 71-year-old woman who presented with a one-year history of coughing, dyspnea, hoarseness and weight loss. There was an infiltrative lesion in the mid-trachea. The anatomopathological diagnosis was only made from the fifth endoscopic biopsy attempt. Immunochemotherapy consisting of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (R-COP) induced complete remission of the symptoms and endoscopic lesion. CONCLUSIONS: MALT lymphoma of the trachea is extremely rare and indolent disease. It has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of airway lesions. It is crucial to obtain an anatomopathological diagnosis from a specialized pathologist. Immunochemotherapy with R-COP induced complete remission of the disease.
Comportamento reológico de pastas de cimento com adição de sílica ativa, nanossílica e dispersante policarboxílico
Authors: Senff L. , Hotza D. , Repette W.L.
Published: April 2012

Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo sobre o efeito da adição da sílica ativa (SA), nanossílica (NS) e aditivo dispersante policarboxílico (SP) sobre o comportamento reológico de pastas de cimento (CP V ARI RS). Para fins comparativos com a pasta de referência (REF), foram produzidas pastas com SA, em diferentes teores em massa (0 a 10%) e pastas com 1,0% de NS. Em todas as pastas estudadas (REF, SA e NS) variou-se SP entre 0 a 0,5%, relativos à massa de cimento. Os ensaios foram realizados em um reômetro com geometria de cilindros concêntricos e taxa máxima de cisalhamento aplicada de 100 s-1. Os aumentos de SP causaram a redução na área de histerese, na viscosidade plástica e na tensão de escoamento, sendo esta última mais influenciada que a viscosidade plástica. Nas pastas cujos resultados foram ajustados por Bingham, as misturas contendo um mesmo teor SP, a tensão de escoamento de Bingham não variou substancialmente, exceto nas pastas com 10% de SA e 0.1 a 0.3% de SP. Para a viscosidade plástica não foi observada tal tendência. Entretanto, NS influenciou significativamente o valor da viscosidade plástica em relação à REF e à SA. Nas pastas cujos resultados apresentaram aproximação satisfatória quando ajustados ao modelo de Bingham e Herschel-Bulkley, para uma mesma dosagem de SA, os aumentos nos teores de SP causaram redução na tensão de escoamento e na viscosidade plástica. O modelo de Bingham descreve adequadamente o comportamento reológico das misturas com a tensão de cisalhamento com valores intermediários, enquanto que o modelo de Herschel-Bulkley é mais adequado para as tensões máxima de cisalhamento elevadas ou reduzidas.
Determinação de incremento de altura de camalhão na integração terraço-estrada
Authors: Rabelo Max Well de Oliveira , Griebeler Nori Paulo
Published: April 2012

A erosão hídrica é um dos principais causadores de degradação em áreas agrícolas, resultando em prejuízos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. As práticas conservacionistas são ferramentas importantes para reduzir o risco de erosão e o seu correto dimensionamento é fundamental para o sucesso. Atualmente, existem tanto modelos para o dimensionamento de estradas rurais quanto para o dimensionamento de terraços, porém, não há integração entre eles. A integração entre terraceamento e acumulação de escoamento superficial de estradas, embora recomendada e utilizada, pode aumentar os riscos de erosão e rompimento dos terraços, caso não seja realizada com o correto dimensionamento. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver um modelo de integração terraço-estrada e uma rotina de cálculo para permitir tal integração. A rotina foi utilizada para dimensionar um sistema conservacionista integrado. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, embora, em alguns terraços, o incremento na altura seja pequeno, o dimensionamento se faz necessário, pois permite identificar pontos críticos à integração, e, sem ele, o terraço teria problemas de armazenamento. Concluiu-se que a metodologia apresentada permitiu calcular o incremento na altura recomendada dos terraços, sendo esta uma alternativa viável, com um pequeno incremento na altura do terraço. A aplicação da rotina de cálculo foi simples, porém, a geração de ferramentas computacionais facilitaria o seu uso e reduziria os riscos de erro de cálculo.
Experiência em sala de aula: evidência empírica da complexidade no ensino e aprendizagem de LE
Authors: Miccoli Laura Stella , Lima Carolina Vianini A.
Published: April 2012

Este artigo argumenta pela compreensão do construto experiência, como um Sistema Adaptativo Complexo, tendo em vista que, para compreendê-la, toda experiência encapsula um processo, no qual outros eventos que a perpassam são trazidos à tona. Para tal, partimos da pesquisa sobre experiências, apresentando trechos de relatos de estudantes e professores sobre eventos vivenciados em salas de aula de língua estrangeira (LE), como evidência empírica de conceitos da complexidade, aplicados aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de LE. Explicitamos, assim, a relação entre experiência, como construto, e caos / complexidade, como teoria, para compreender a natureza dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de LE em salas de aula.
In Reply
Authors: Samuels Noah , Maimon Yair , Siegelmann-Danieli Nava
Published: April 2012

The authors respond to the comments of Mooiman et al.
Introducing Lean into the UK Highways Agency's supply chain
Authors: Chen Chloe , Housley Sue , Sprague Paul , Goodlad Phil
Published: April 2012

Lean is a way of thinking that examines working practice to reduce wasteful activity while retaining or enhancing value. To help it deliver more national road works for less money, the UK Highways Agency introduced a Lean deployment strategy in 2009 – which has so far saved over £50 million. This paper describes how the agency has engaged with its supply chain, helping to build capability so suppliers can undertake Lean projects and champion them within their own organisations. Four projects are discussed, showing a range of Lean methods being used to support the delivery of major projects and maintenance works.
Hydraulic-Fracture-Height Growth: Real Data
Authors: Fisher Kevin , Warpinski Norm
Published: April 2012

Much public discourse has taken place regarding hydraulic-fracture growth and whether fractures could potentially grow up to the surface and create communication pathways for frac fluids or produced hydrocarbons to pollute groundwater supplies. Real fracture-growth data mapped during thousands of fracturing treatments are presented along with the reported aquifer depths in the vicinity of the fractured wells. These data are supplemented with an in-depth discussion of fracture-growth limiting mechanisms augmented by mineback tests and other studies performed to visually examine hydraulic fractures. These height-growth limiting mechanisms, which are supported by the mapping data, provide insight into why hydraulic fractures are longer laterally and more constrained vertically. This information can be used to improve models, optimize fracturing, and provide definitive data for engineers, regulators, and interest groups.
A New Rigorous Analytical Solution for a Vertical Fractured Well in Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Barreto A. B. , Pires A. P. , Peres A. M.
Published: April 2012

Significant gas reserves are found in low permeability reservoirs world wide. Economical flow rates are only achieved on these reservoirs by massive hydraulic fractures. Well testing is one of the most used techniques to reservoir management and monitoring, however pressure transient analysis can be a real challenge under these conditions.

The gas hydraulic diffusivity equation is commonly linearized by means of pseudo pressure function m(p). The resulting partial differential equation having m(p) as dependent variable remains non-linear because the viscosity-compressibility product that multiplies the partial derivative of m(p) which respect to time varies with m(p). This type of differential equation is named quasi-linear. A wide spread assumption in the well testing literature is to consider that the viscosity-compressibility product remains approximately constant throughout the well test. This assumption is acceptable for small pressure drawdown only but rarely met in tight gas reservoirs. One can find in literature a few attempts to account for the viscosity-compressibility product variation analytically; hence, there is still room for improvements in this research topic.

This paper considers a vertical fractured well in a homogeneous isotropic infinite gas reservoir produced by constant flow rate. In this work the variation of the viscosity-compressibility product is considered as a non-linear source term. This approach leads to a closed form analytical solution based on Green's Functions. The solution is presented as an integral-differential equation which must be evaluated numerically. A multidimensional numerical integration package was used to obtain the pseudo pressure results. This numerical scheme is capable of handling accurately large viscosity-compressibility variations.

Results for a constant rate test for a vertical fractured well in an infinite isotropic reservoir show good agreement to a finite difference numerical simulator. It is shown that the behavior of dimensionless pseudo pressure and its log-time derivative is similar to the classical slightly compressible fluid fracture well solution. During the pseudo-radial flow regime the pseudo pressure solution is given by the correspondent liquid solution plus a small negative constant. This constant, however is rate sensitive. The solution technique presented in this paper may be successfully applied to harder gas well testing problems.
Environmental Protection Under the Perspective of Oil Companies
Authors: Santana R.
Published: April 2012

Since the late 1970's, offshore operations have expanded throughout the world in Africa, South America, the Middle East, Asia, and in other areas. Before this, onshore drillings were developed since the end of last century. Restrictions on the petroleum exploration activities around the world are governed by standards, norms, laws and regulations designed to provide protection to the surrounding marine environment. Operations have been ongoing in waters off the American coasts and the North Sea for the longest period of time and both areas have developed the most detailed set of restrictions in order to control environmental impacts and to incentive the development of technologies capable to increase worldwide production target, considering nature conservation.

United States, one of the oldest oil industries in the world and Brazil, the new potential petroleum producer, have a huge obligation related to environmental concerns and investments. The last accidents in those countries show what can occur if new technologies would not be applied and what regulations are responsible for industry control and population consciousness. This paper describes the political regulative evolution in both countries, detaching the most important facts and how they are connected. Citing the most important past accidents, this project show what could be changed and how the oil industry works with the new perspective of being "green" at the same time they should increase their production rates and reserves.
A Comparative Study of Emulsion Flooding and other IOR Methods for Heavy Oil
Authors: de Farias M. L. , de Souza A. L. , da Silveira Carvalho M. , Hirasaki G. , Miller C.
Published: April 2012

Flooding experiments in sandpacks were performed to investigate the potential use of diluted oil-water macro-emulsions as an EOR agent for viscous oils. The emulsion dispersed phase was the oil in place in the sandpack. Oil recovery factors obtained with emulsion flooding were compared to synthetic sea water injection and surfactant solution injection. Results have indicated a reduction in cumulative water-oil ratio and an increase in oil production after a bank of emulsion was injected. At the appropriate conditions, emulsion oil drops block pores already swept by water flooding, changing the residual oil saturation and mobility of the water phase, and therefore mobilizing oil. The increased volume of oil produced was a function of the drop size of the emulsion. Produced water can be considered as a diluted oil-in-water emulsion. The results presented here suggest the possibility of using an effluent as a resource, after appropriate treatment, in IOR projects.
High-Resolution Numerical Modeling of Complex and Irregular Fracture Patterns in Shale Gas and Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Olorode O. M. , Freeman C. M. , Moridis G. J. , Blasingame T. A.
Published: April 2012

Various models featuring horizontal wells with multiple fractures have been proposed to characterize flow behavior over time in tight and shale gas systems. Currently, only very little is known about the effects of nonideal fracture patterns and coupled primary-secondary fracture interactions on reservoir performance in unconventional gas reservoirs.

We developed a 3D Voronoi mesh-maker that provides the flexibility to accurately represent various complex and irregular fracture patterns. A numerical model was developed based on such fracture concepts to assess the potential performance of unconventional gas reservoirs. We conducted simulations using up to a half-million cells and considered production periods that are orders of magnitude longer than the expected life of wells and reservoirs. Our aim is to account for a wide range of flow regimes that can be observed in irregular fracture patterns, and to fully assess even slight nuances in flow behavior.

We investigated coupled primary-secondary fractures, with multiple vertical hydraulic fractures intersecting horizontal secondary "stress-release" fractures. We studied irregular fracture patterns to show the effect of fracture angularity and nonplanar fracture configurations on production. The results indicate that the presence of high-conductivity secondary fractures results in the highest increase in production, while, contrary to expectations, strictly planar and orthogonal fractures yield better production performance than nonplanar and nonorthogonal fractures with equivalent propped fracture lengths.