bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Musical Expression of Identity in Maale Patrilineal Society (Southern Ethiopia)
Authors: Ferran Hugo
Published: July 2015

Located in Southern Ethiopia, the Maale traditionalists act for the preservation of a particular form of ancestor worship. Their society, highly hierarchized, is based on a complex patrilineal organization. Several researchers have shed light on the numerous markers used by the Maale traditionalists to express their position in the social hierarchy. This article aims at highlighting the various ways in which Maale music participates in this system of differentiation. In a continuation of previous studies, this article argues that gender, kinship, descent, and fertility are key concepts in understanding the Maale conception of hierarchy. Within this framework, Maale music appears as an offering that the musicians address to their ancestors and lineage elders. Culturally, each offering is supposed to convey four types of information, which are the musical context, the circumstance, and the social position of the musicians and of their social elders. The ethnomusicological analysis reveals the ways in which the lyrics, dance, instruments, and musical parameters convey all these pieces of information.
Reliable diversity-based spatial crowdsourcing by moving workers
Authors: Cheng Peng , Lian Xiang , Chen Zhao , Fu Rui , Chen Lei , Han Jinsong , Zhao Jizhong
Published: July 2015

With the rapid development of mobile devices and the crowdsourcing platforms, the spatial crowdsourcing has attracted much attention from the database community, specifically, spatial crowdsourcing refers to sending a location-based request to workers according to their positions. In this paper, we consider an important spatial crowdsourcing problem, namely
reliable diversity-based spatial crowdsourcing
(RDB-SC), in which spatial tasks (such as taking videos/photos of a landmark or firework shows, and checking whether or not parking spaces are available) are time-constrained, and workers are moving towards some directions. Our RDB-SC problem is to assign workers to spatial tasks such that the completion reliability and the spatial/temporal diversities of spatial tasks are maximized. We prove that the RDB-SC problem is NP-hard and intractable. Thus, we propose three effective approximation approaches, including greedy, sampling, and divide-and-conquer algorithms. In order to improve the efficiency, we also design an effective cost-model-based index, which can dynamically maintain moving workers and spatial tasks with low cost, and efficiently facilitate the retrieval of RDB-SC answers. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed approaches over both real and synthetic datasets.
Privacy implications of database ranking
Authors: Rahman Md Farhadur , Liu Weimo , Thirumuruganathan Saravanan , Zhang Nan , Das Gautam
Published: July 2015

In recent years, there has been much research in the adoption of Ranked Retrieval model (in addition to the Boolean retrieval model) in structured databases, especially those in a client-server environment (e.g., web databases). With this model, a search query returns top-
k
tuples according to not just exact matches of selection conditions, but a suitable ranking function. While much research has gone into the design of ranking functions and the efficient processing of top-
k
queries, this paper studies a novel problem on the
privacy implications
of database ranking.

The motivation is a novel yet serious privacy leakage we found on real-world web databases which is caused by the ranking function design. Many such databases feature private attributes - e.g., a social network allows users to specify certain attributes as only visible to him/herself, but not to others. While these websites generally respect the privacy settings by not directly displaying private attribute values in search query answers, many of them nevertheless take into account such private attributes in the ranking function design. The conventional belief might be that tuple ranks alone are not enough to reveal the private attribute values. Our investigation, however, shows that this is not the case in reality.

To address the problem, we introduce a taxonomy of the problem space with two dimensions, (1) the type of query interface and (2) the capability of adversaries. For each subspace, we develop a novel technique which either guarantees the successful inference of private attributes, or does so for a significant portion of real-world tuples. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our techniques through theoretical analysis, extensive experiments over real-world datasets, as well as successful online attacks over websites with tens to hundreds of millions of users - e.g., Amazon Goodreads and Renren.com.
Worker skill estimation in team-based tasks
Authors: Rahman Habibur , Thirumuruganathan Saravanan , Roy Senjuti Basu , Amer-Yahia Sihem , Das Gautam
Published: July 2015

Many emerging applications such as collaborative editing, multi-player games, or fan-subbing require to form a team of experts to accomplish a task together. Existing research has investigated how to assign workers to such team-based tasks to ensure the best outcome assuming the skills of individual workers to be known. In this work, we investigate how to estimate individual worker's skill based on the outcome of the team-based tasks they have undertaken. We consider two popular skill aggregation functions and estimate the skill of the workers, where skill is either a deterministic value or a probability distribution. We propose efficient solutions for worker skill estimation using continuous and discrete optimization techniques. We present comprehensive experiments and validate the scalability and effectiveness of our proposed solutions using multiple real-world datasets.
SIMD- and cache-friendly algorithm for sorting an array of structures
Authors: Inoue Hiroshi , Taura Kenjiro
Published: July 2015

This paper describes our new algorithm for sorting an array of structures by efficiently exploiting the SIMD instructions and cache memory of today's processors. Recently, multiway mergesort implemented with SIMD instructions has been used as a high-performance in-memory sorting algorithm for sorting integer values. For sorting an array of structures with SIMD instructions, a frequently used approach is to first pack the key and index for each record into an integer value, sort the key-index pairs using SIMD instructions, then rearrange the records based on the sorted key-index pairs. This approach can efficiently exploit SIMD instructions because it sorts the key-index pairs while packed into integer values; hence, it can use existing high-performance sorting implementations of the SIMD-based multiway mergesort for integers. However, this approach has frequent cache misses in the final rearranging phase due to its random and scattered memory accesses so that this phase limits both single-thread performance and scalability with multiple cores. Our approach is also based on multiway mergesort, but it can avoid costly random accesses for rearranging the records while still efficiently exploiting the SIMD instructions. Our results showed that our approach exhibited up to 2.1x better single-thread performance than the key-index approach implemented with SIMD instructions when sorting 512M 16-byte records on one core. Our approach also yielded better performance when we used multiple cores. Compared to an optimized radix sort, our vectorized multiway mergesort achieved better performance when the each record is large. Our vectorized multiway mergesort also yielded higher scalability with multiple cores than the radix sort.
Enriching data imputation with extensive similarity neighbors
Authors: Song Shaoxu , Zhang Aoqian , Chen Lei , Wang Jianmin
Published: July 2015

Incomplete information often occur along with many database applications, e.g., in data integration, data cleaning or data exchange. The idea of data imputation is to fill the missing data with the values of its neighbors who share the same information. Such neighbors could either be identified certainly by editing rules or statistically by relational dependency networks. Unfortunately, owing to data sparsity, the number of neighbors (identified w.r.t. value equality) is rather limited, especially in the presence of data values with
variances.
In this paper, we argue to extensively enrich similarity neighbors by similarity rules with tolerance to small variations.
More
fillings can thus be acquired that the aforesaid equality neighbors fail to reveal. To fill the missing values
more
, we study the problem of maximizing the missing data imputation. Our major contributions include (1) the np-hardness analysis on solving and approximating the problem, (2) exact algorithms for tackling the problem, and (3) efficient approximation with performance guarantees. Experiments on real and synthetic data sets demonstrate that the filling accuracy can be improved.
To lock, swap, or elide
Authors: Makreshanski Darko , Levandoski Justin , Stutsman Ryan
Published: July 2015

The release of hardware transactional memory (HTM) in commodity CPUs has major implications on the design and implementation of main-memory databases, especially on the architecture of high-performance lock-free indexing methods at the core of several of these systems. This paper studies the interplay of HTM and lock-free indexing methods. First, we evaluate whether HTM will obviate the need for crafty lock-free index designs by integrating it in a traditional B-tree architecture. HTM performs well for simple data sets with small fixed-length keys and payloads, but its benefits disappear for more complex scenarios (e.g., larger variable-length keys and payloads), making it unattractive as a general solution for achieving high performance. Second, we explore fundamental differences between HTM-based and lock-free B-tree designs. While lock-freedom entails design complexity and extra mechanism, it has performance advantages in several scenarios, especially high-contention cases where readers proceed uncontested (whereas HTM aborts readers). Finally, we explore the use of HTM as a method to simplify lock-free design. We find that using HTM to implement a multi-word compare-and-swap greatly reduces lock-free programming complexity at the cost of only a 10-15% performance degradation. Our study uses two state-of-the-art index implementations: a memory-optimized B-tree extended with HTM to provide multi-threaded concurrency and the Bw-tree lock-free B-tree used in several Microsoft production environments.
Microstructural Properties and Four-Point Bend Fatigue Behavior of Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Welded Joints by Electron Beam Welding
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhai T. , Zhang Yuanbin
Published: July 2015

With the help of a four-point-bend of fatigue rig, high-cycle fatigue tests were carried out on an Ti–6.5Al–2Zr-1Mo-1V titanium alloy at room temperature, 20 Hz and R = 0.1 in ambient air. The test results indicated that the fatigue strength of base metal, 888 MPa, is about 120% of yield strength. The fatigue strength of joints is 814 MPa. It is about 110% of yield strength of base metal. When the loading stress is higher, the fatigue failure region is located in middle weld zone of weld face, which the cracks are propagated along coarse β phase’s grain boundary. When the loading stress is lower, the fatigue failure region is located between the incomplete recrystallization zone and base metal. The crack nucleation resistance gradually increases from the WN to HAZ with the variable of loading stress and β phase (little α′ phases)→ α + β phase→ α phase.
Pilot study on the dietary habits and lifestyles of girls with idiopathic precocious puberty from the city of Rome: potential impact of exposure to flame retardant polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Authors: Tassinari Roberta , Mancini Francesca R. , Mantovani Alberto , Busani Luca , Maranghi Francesca
Published: July 2015

Puberty is regulated by the endocrine system, which when disrupted can affect reproductive health. Endocrine disrupters (ED) are involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are lipophilic, persistent ED used as flame retardants in several products; thus, human population is exposed through food and domestic dust. PBDE exposure during the peripubertal period is suspected to interfere with reproductive development. The study aimed to investigate PBDE serum concentration in 31 girls with ICPP as well as describe their dietary habits and lifestyles. The PBDE median level was 59 ng/g of lipids, higher than in healthy girls in comparable studies. Interestingly, elder girls and girls with higher body mass index (BMI) showed higher PBDE serum levels. Considering the relevance of altered puberty onset as a risk factor for reproductive health, studies on food contribution to PBDE exposure in Italian children, and efforts to ameliorate risk assessment for emerging chemicals are suggested.
Calcium alginate microparticles containing anti-TB drugs
Authors: Bakhytkyzy Inal , Musabekov Kuanyshbek
Published: July 2015

In this work the results of immobilization of anti-TB drugs rifampicin and fluconazole in alginate hydrogels were presented. Release kinetics of rifampicin and fluconazole fromswollen and dried calcium alginate microparticles were studied. It was revealed that the release of the drug from the swollen microparticles is higher than from the dried ones. Also the release of rifampicin from alginate microparticles coated with chitosan layer was studied. It was investigated that the thicker the layer of chitosan is, the slower drug releases. Thus, for the chitosan coating thickness of 25 microns, 95-100% rifampicin diffuses from the microparticles for 600-720 min. When using alginate-coated particles with a thickness of 65 microns and 125, during this time interval 60-70% drug released, respectively.
Sickness absence among young employees: trends from 2002 to 2013
Authors: Sumanen Hilla , Pietiläinen Olli , Lahti Jouni , Lahelma Eero , Rahkonen Ossi
Published: July 2015

Sickness absence among young employees: trends from 2002 to 2013: Hilla Sumanen, et al. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland

Objective

Young adults entering employment are a key group in extending work careers, but there is a lack of research on trends in work ability among young employees. Prolonged sickness absence (SA) constitutes a risk for permanent work disability. We examined 12‐year trends in SA spells among young female and male municipal employees.

Methods

The data were obtained from the employers’ registers in the City of Helsinki, Finland. The data included employees aged 18−24, 25−29, 30−34, and 35−54 from 2002 to 2013 (the average number for each year was 31,600). Self‐certified (1−3 days) and medically certified intermediate (4−14 days) and long (15+ days) SAs were examined. Joinpoint regression models were used to identify major changes in SA trends.

Results

Younger employees had more short SAs but fewer long SAs than older employees. During the study period, SAs of almost any length first increased and later decreased among both genders, except for young men. The turning points for short SA were in 2007−2011 among younger and older employees. In intermediate and long SAs the respective turning points were in 2008−2009 and 2005−2009. Women had more SAs in all categories.

Conclusions

Age is related to the length of absences. Given the relatively low chronic morbidity among younger employees, it is likely that reasons other than ill health account for increased SA. More evidence on factors behind the changing trends is needed in order to reduce SA and extend the working careers of young people.
Genotyping of New Zealand White Rabbits by PCR-RFLP Markers
Authors: Shevchenko Ye. , Kopylov K.
Published: July 2015

Aim. To investigate the genetic structure of New Zealand white rabbits population by different types of DNA- markers. Methods. The individual genotypes of animals were identifi ed using the polymerase chain reaction with further determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-analysis). Results. The data on the distribution of allele variants of molecular markers in the population of rabbits were obtained; the impact of the genotype factor on meat production, prolifi cacy and milk production traits was determined. The relationship between genotypes by polymorphic DNA-markers of myostatin and progesterone receptor of animals and the values of meat productivity traits and reproduction capability was established. It was demonstrated that TT homozygotes excel other animals in the indices of average daily growth, while GG homozygotes excel others in prolifi cacy. Conclusions. The “desired” genotypes by myostatin gene (CC) and myostatin of rabbits were revealed. They may be used for targeted selection with the purpose of increasing the indices of meat production.
A Study of the Efficiency of Modern Domestic Disinfectants in the System of TB Control Activities
Authors: Paliy A. , Zavgorodniy A. , Stegniy B. , Gerilovych A.
Published: July 2015

Due to the absence of elaborated effi cient means for specifi c prevention of bovine tuberculosis, it is ex- tremely important to detect and eliminate the source of infection and to take veterinary and sanitary preven- tive measures. Here the critical role is attributed to disinfection, which breaks the epizootic chain due to the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment and involves the application of disinfectants of different chemical groups. Aim. To study the tuberculocidal properties of new disinfectants DZPT-2 and FAG against atypical mycobacteria Mycobacterium fortitum and a TB agent Mycobacterium bovis. Methods. The bacteriological and molecular-genetic methods were used. Results. It was determined that DZPT-2 prepara- tion has bactericidal effect on M. fortuitum when used in the concentration of 2.0 % of the active ingredient (AI) when exposed for 5–24 h, while disinfectant FAG has a bactericidal effect in the concentration of 2.0 % when exposed for 24 h. Disinfectant DZPT-2 in the
concentration of 2.0 % of the AI, when exposed for 5–24 h, and FAG preparation in the concentration of 2.0 %, when exposed for 24 h, and with the norm of consump- tion rate of 1 cubic decimeter per 1 square meter disinfect the test-objects (batiste, wood, glazed tile, metal, glass), contaminated with the TB agent M. bovis. Conclusions. Disinfecting preparations of DZPT-2 in the concentration of 2.0 % of AI when exposed for 5 h and FAG in the concentration of 2.0 % when exposed for 24 h may be used in the complex of veterinary and sanitary measures to prevent and control TB of farm ani- mals. The possibility of using the polymerase chain reaction as an additional method of estimating tuberculo- cide activity of disinfectants was proven.
Microbial Regulation of the Antagonistic Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains under the Influence of Transient Bacilli of the Bacillus Genus
Authors: Kravchenko N.
Published: July 2015

Aim. To study the effect of metabolites and components of aerobic spore-forming bacilli cells (MCASB) of the Bacillus genus on the antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria. Methods. Lactic acid bacteria, sampled from rectal and oral swabs from calves, were used in the study. Strains of conditionally pathogenic Escherichia coli, 055k59 No. 3912, Staphylococcus aureus No. 906, Proteus mirabilis, No. 3177, obtained from the collection of the city sanitary-epidemiological inspection service, were used as test cultures. MCASB were prepared using autoclaved microbial mass of Bacillus subtilis production strain 44-p via treatment with lysozyme and ultra- sound. The antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria was determined by agar blocks method. Results. It was demonstrated that the addition of MCASB to the culture medium stimulates the antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria to pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms of intestinal bacteria. The highest average stimulation index (2.56)
of the antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria was found for E. coli 055k59 No. 3912. Conclusions. The results obtained may be used to improve the microbiological foundations of elaborating novel probiotic preparations.
The current distribution pattern of Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea in the northern and southern regions of the coastal fluvial plain in the state of São Paulo
Authors: Palasio Raquel Gardini Sanches , Casotti Marcia Oliveira , Rodrigues Thamiris Cassia , Menezes Regiane Maria Tirone , Zanotti-Magalhaes Eliana Maria , Tuan Roseli
Published: July 2015

We analyze the current distribution of snails from genus Biomphalaria in the north and south of the coastal fluvial plain in the state of São Paulo, which is part of a large coastal floodplain. Data from twenty-nine collection sites confirmed that the freshwater body in both regions is colonized by Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea, which are natural intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. The abundance of B. straminea in collection sites where only B. tenagophila had previously been recorded indicates the potential for B. straminea to expand in the region. While quantitative analysis of the number of specimens per species showed that local growth of B. tenagophila populations occurs during periods with little rainfall, there is a greater risk of B. tenagophila populations spreading between different water bodies during rainy periods, when heavy rainfall results in water levels rising in the main rivers and flooding caused by water flowing from the Serra do Mar mountain range to the coastal plain. The temperature increase caused by global climate changes and the consequent increasing frequency of high-water levels and floods can be expected to affect the distribution of these snails on the coastal fluvial plain, leading to the risk of a change in the autochthonous transmission pattern of schistosomiasis in the region.
Predominance of STEMI and severity of coronary artery disease in a cohort of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome: a report from ABC Medical School
Authors: Bacci Marcelo Rodrigues , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Nogueira Leonardo Fernando Ferrari , Bruniera Felipe Ribeiro , Ferreira Felipe Moreira , Barros Danielle Magalhães de , Berwanger Otavio , Zing Natalia Pin Chuen , Murad Neif , Chagas Antonio Carlos Palandri
Published: July 2015

Summary Introduction: acute coronary syndromes (ACS) represent a widely prevalent health issue with high mortality in Brazil and worldwide. The severity of ACS is not known in patients in the city of São Bernardo do Campo a municipality contiguous and adjacent to the city of São Paulo. Objectives: to study the profile of coronary disease in patients hospitalized with ACS who underwent coronary angiography in the emergency room between 2012 and 2013. Methods: this is an observational study that included consecutive patients with ACS admitted to the emergency room of a hospital. Data collection was performed using medical records with the following variables: sex, age, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, coronary angiography. Results: the sample in this period included 131 patients, of which 64.8% were men. The most prevalent diagnosis was ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (57.2%) followed by non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (22.1%) and unstable angina (UA) (20.6%). There were no significant differences in the epidemiology and risk factors between the diagnoses, except that heart failure was more prevalent in patients with UA. Discussion: there were no differences between groups regarding the coronaries involved; however, STEMI patients showed similar numbers of multi- and singlevessel lesions, NSTEMI patients showed more multivessel lesions, and UA patients showed more multivessel lesions or lesion-free arteries. Although multivessel lesions were prevalent in all groups, STEMI patients showed a significantly higher number of single-vessel lesions compared with the other acute coronary syndromes. Conclusion: the study demonstrated a predominance of STEMI in the studied population, which differs from the usual results in ACS.
Evidences in the treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Oliveira Matheus Fernandes de , Reis Rodolfo Casimiro , Trindade Evelinda Marramon , Pinto Fernando Campos Gomes
Published: July 2015

Summary Introduction: idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is characterized by gait apraxia, cognitive dysfunction and urinary incontinence. There are two main treatment options: ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). However, there are doubts about which modality is superior and what type of valve should be applied. We are summarizing the current evidence in INPH treatment. Methods: an electronic search of the literature was conducted on the Medline, Embase, Scielo and Lilacs databases from 1966 to the present to obtain data published about INPH treatment. Results: the treatment is based on three pillars: conservative, ETV and VPS. The conservative option has fallen into disuse after various studies showing good results after surgical intervention. ETV is an acceptable mode of treatment, but the superiority of VPS has made the latter the gold standard. Conclusion: well-designed studies with a high level of appropriate evidence are still scarce, but the current gold standard for treatment of INPH is conducted using VPS.
História de Vida e Trajetórias Profissionais: Estudo com Executivos Brasileiros
Authors: Closs Lisiane Quadrado , Rocha-de-Oliveira Sidinei
Published: July 2015

A noção de carreira tem, por natureza, uma constituição interdisciplinar, congregando a visão do indivíduo, da organização e da sociedade. Entretanto, apesar dos avanços nas discussões sobre o tema, estudos recentes revelam limites das teorias utilizadas, conclamando a necessidade de maior interdisciplinaridade (Arthur, 2008; Chudzikowski & Mayrhofer, 2011; Khapova & Arthur, 2011; Lawrence, 2011). Visandocontribuir para a interdisciplinaridade nos estudos de carreira, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e ilustrar o potencial do uso de histórias de vida analisando as influências e os limites às trajetórias profissionais de sete executivos brasileiros por meio desse método. Os resultados são apresentadosem duas grandes categorias de análise: (a) influências do contexto nas carreiras, envolvendo: mudanças no cenário econômico e organizacional brasileiro, maior concorrência e necessidade de aprofundar conhecimentos em face à globalização, demanda por mobilidade, e discriminação de gênero; (b) momentos da vida e escolhas profissionais, incluídos aspectos individuais das trajetórias, tais como: valores da família, escolha do curso de graduação, ingresso no mercado de trabalho e nascimento dos filhos.
CAUSE-FIT, POSITIVE ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS WITHIN HYBRID COLOMBIAN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: ROMÁN-CALDERÓN JUAN PABLO , ODOARDI CARLO , BATTISTELLI ADALGISA
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTSocially oriented ventures have provided livelihoods and social recognition to disadvantaged communities in different corners of the world. In some cases, these ventures are the result of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. In Latin America, this type of undertaking has responded positively to unmet social needs. The social cause drives these organizations and their human resources and they give high value to organizational cause-fit. This paper presents empirical evidence of the effects of perceived cause-fit on several worker attitudes and behaviors. Psychological contract theory was adopted as theoretical background. Employees working in a hybrid (for-profit/socially oriented) Colombian organization created by a CSR program participated in the survey. Data provided by 218 employees were analyzed using PLS structural equation modeling. The results suggest the ideological components of the employee-employer relationship predict positive attitudes and cooperative organizational behaviors towards hybrid organizations.
Profile of women who carried out smoking cessation treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Pereira Caroline Figueira , Vargas Divane de
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE Analyze the profile of women, in health services, who carry out treatment for smoking cessation.METHODS Systematic review that used the following sources of information: Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed,Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus and Web of Science. We included quantitative studies that addressed the characterization of women, in health services, who carried out treatment for smoking cessation, resulting in 12 articles for analysis. The assessment of the methodological quality of the studies was performed using the instrument MAStARI from Joanna Briggs Institute.RESULTS The predominant profile of women who carried out treatment for smoking cessation in health services was composed of white, married, employed, and highly level educated women. Women who carried out the treatment for smoking cessation in specialized services had a more advanced age, were white, were married and had a diagnosis of depression. The quality level of most studies was moderate.CONCLUSIONS The profile of women who carry out treatment for smoking cessation, either in general or specialized health services, is composed of white, married, and highly level educated women. Publications about smoking women are scarce and the lack of Brazilian studies characterizing the profile of women who start treatment for smoking cessation shows the need for studies that explore this subject.
Proposta de práticas administrativo-pedagógicas que possam contribuir para o desempenho dos alunos de escolas municipais do ensino fundamental na Prova Brasil
Authors: Salgado Junior Alexandre Pereira , Novi Juliana Chiaretti
Published: July 2015

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi aplicar a metodologia de Salgado Junior e Novi para identificar práticas administrativo-pedagógicas que possam contribuir para o desempenho dos alunos de escolas municipais do ensino fundamental na Prova Brasil. Diferentemente dos estudos já realizados relacionados à temática abordada neste artigo, a metodologia divide-se em duas etapas: qualitativa e quantitativa. Assim, na primeira etapa, de caráter quantitativo, foram comparadas sete escolas eficientes, calculadas na fronteira da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) a três escolas ineficientes, escolhidas por julgamento e conveniência. Na segunda etapa, de caráter qualitativo, visando compreender os processos internos que levam escolas com características similares a obterem desempenhos diferentes, foram realizados estudos de múltiplos casos. Como resultado foi possível identificar evidências de que 26 práticas administrativo-pedagógicas podem contribuir para o desempenho dos alunos na Prova Brasil. Espera-se, poder auxiliar no processo de melhoria da qualidade educacional, políticas públicas e gestão dos recursos para a Educação no país.
Políticas públicas e o ensino profissional no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Rivoire Menelli de , Escott Clarice Monteiro
Published: July 2015

O estudo propõe uma análise sobre o atual cenário dos cursos superiores de tecnologia e as perspectivas de futuro para a educação profissional no Brasil. A pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório, com vistas identificar a importância das políticas públicas atuais direcionadas à formação e a qualificação do ensino profissional e dos cursos superiores de tecnologia. Os dados foram coletados a partir das estatísticas dos Censos da Educação Superior, bem como de documentos sobre o tema da educação profissional, a partir das experiências do “Sistema S e dos Institutos Federais de Educação”. Os resultados do estudo demonstram o aumento da oferta de vagas na educação superior e a perspectiva de uma melhor qualificação do ensino profissional pelas IES, além de constatar a necessidade da criação de novas propostas de acesso aos estudantes, programas de qualificação para os cursos superiores de tecnologia no Brasil.
Ocorrência de quedas em idosos não institucionalizados: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Sandoval Renato Alves , Sá Ana Cláudia Antônio Maranhão , Menezes Ruth Losada de , Nakatani Adélia Yaeko Kyosen , Bachion Maria Márcia
Published: July 2015

Revisão sistemática da literatura com o objetivo de identificar a ocorrência de quedas de idosos residentes na comunidade. Utilizando o portal CAPES, realizou-se busca nas bases de dados Academic Search (EBSCO), SciELO e Science Direct (ELSEVIER); e uma busca adicional na base de dados Lecturas Educación Física y Deportes, do site EFDEPORTES. Foram encontrados, com os descritores utilizados, 247 artigos publicados no período de 2000 a 2011. Foram excluídos 230 que não atenderam a um ou mais dos critérios de inclusão. Incluíram-se no estudo 17 artigos, sendo 12 transversais, dois de coorte prospectiva, dois de pesquisa de base populacional e um de coorte retrospectiva. A amostra total envolvida nos estudos foi de 114.911 sujeitos, com média de idade de aproximadamente 70 anos, distribuídos em sete países: Brasil, Estados Unidos, Espanha, Itália, Nigéria, Turquia e China. A ocorrência de quedas variou de 15,9 a 56,3%, com mediana de 28,50%. Embora apresente variação, a ocorrência de quedas na população idosa que reside na comunidade é alta.
Have British Jews fully assimilated in the UK Labour Market?
Authors: Khattab Nabil
Published: July 2015

This paper analyses the patterns of occupational attainment and earnings among the Jewish community in Britain using UK Labour Force Survey data (2002-2010). The findings suggest that although British-Jews cannot be distinguished from the majority main stream population of British-White in terms of their overall occupational attainment and earnings, it seems that they have managed to integrate through patterns of self-employment and concentration in the service sector economy, particularly in banking and financial services. It is argued that this self-employment profile is a Jewish strategy used to minimise dependency on majority group employers and by doing so to helping to escape any religious penalties.
Study of obstetric and perinatal outcome in previous cesarean by sonographic evaluation of scar thickness of lower uterine segment at term
Authors: Kaur Devindra , Singh Harminder
Published: July 2015

Background: Aim of study was to evaluate sonographically the scar thickness in pregnant women with previous one cesarean and study obstetric and perinatal outcome after trial of labour based on scar thickness.

Methods: 50 pregnant women of gestational age >37 weeks were included in this prospective study. They were subjected to transabdominal ultrasound to search for thinnest zone of lower segment. Cases with scar thickness <3.5 mm were subjected to elective caesarean LSCS. Cases with scar thickness ≥3.5 were subjected to a trial of labour. Obstetric, perinatal outcome and hospital stay was studied.

Results: 32 women had scar thickness ≥3.5 mm (mean = 3.99 ± 0.32). 18 women had scar thickness of <3.5 mm (mean = 3.16 ± 0.29). All patients subjected to elective LSCS showed Grade 2 and Grade 3 thinning of lower segment. This finding was found to be highly significant (p<0.001). Cases who delivered vaginally had hospital stay ranging from 30 hours to 70 hours while those undergoing LSCS stayed 230 to 280 hours. This difference was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). The perinatal outcome was good.
Conclusions: Sonographic evaluation of scar thickness is safe and accurate procedure and is recommended in considering a trial of labour after previous one caesarean.
State science and technology policy in the Soviet Union during the pre-war period
Authors: Bannikova N. F.
Published: July 2015

The article attempts to identify the features of the state science and technology policy of the Soviet Republic in the pre-war period. The main purpose of the science and technology policy is strengthening of defense capability of the country. Attention is given to the main areas of activity of the Soviet government: involvement of pre-revolutionary professionals and scientists in solving the most important scientific and technical problems, preservation and development of scientific and technical potential, training of new scientific and engineering manpower, creating links between science and production, providing scientists and engineering workers with special scientific technical literature, opening new research institutes, design bureaus and universities in accordance with the development of new industries of the national economy: aviation, chemical, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering. The role of technical and scientific societies and inventions in the acceleration of scientific technical progress is revealed. The main contradictions of accomplishing engineering tasks in conditions of the formation of the totalitarian system when the creative initiative of scientists and specialists was dictated by the authorities are shown. The strengthening of the role of Peoples Commissariat of Internal Affairs in technical modernization of the country is also discussed in the paper.
The essence of technical consciousness within the frame of the semiotic approach
Authors: Nesterov A. Yu.
Published: July 2015

The author considers the matter of technology essence within the frame of the semiotic approach. By a technology is meant a projective way of the work of consciousness with signs which consists in the reversion of reception and leads to the creation of new meanings while realizing semantic, syntactic and pragmatic rules at each level of cognition, whether it is sense perception, understanding (Verstand) or reason (Vernunft). Technical consciousness is considered within three levels. On the first level it is treated as tradition and technology is defined as unconscious activity complying with certain rules and providing survival in the natural environment. On the second level it is treated as the second nature and technology is defined as the process of creation of something new, which is possible in case of control over matter. It replaces the natural environment with an artificial one. On the third level it is treated as the third nature and technology is a means of control over reflection. Technical consciousness described as projective semiosis shows the evolution of an individual from tradition to neomankind. Having been born, a human masters the skills transmitted by cultural memory, which provides survival in natural habitat. Fantasy, fiction and metaphysical conception generated by astonishment, aesthetic experience or a practical problem provoke processes of self-comprehension and make it possible (indirectly) to see the reflexive character of practical activity. The ability to embody fictional objects in material substrates generates the second nature which replaces natural objects of perception and presentation. The ability to modify rules of reflection leads to deliberate and controlled self-evolution of a human being by means of creation of the third nature, where a human being becomes a neohuman being who is capable of changing the quality of ones existence as a reflexive creature.
Device for monitoring radiation situation on spacecraft
Authors: Syomkin N. D. , Plokhotnichenko P. G. , Ilyin A. B. , Kalaev M. P. , Ryazanov D. M. , Pomel'nikov P. A.
Published: July 2015

The results of experiments carried out both in our country and abroad in 1990s, 2000s to study the impact of radiation on the electronic equipment of space vehicles are presented in the paper. General characteristics of factors of space are given as well as characteristics of ionizing radiation. A concept of constructing a device for the control of the impact of space ionizing radiation on individual elements of spacecraft onboard equipment is proposed. Failures caused by space ionizing radiation in integrated chips are discussed, their classification is given. Radiation monitors such as Radiation Environment Monitor, Standard Radiation Environment Monitor, Cosmic-Ray Effects and Dosimetry, Prisma-3, STEP-F, MIS-dosimeters (RadFET) used in the experiments are discussed. Characteristics of radiation monitors, general principles of measuring characteristics of ionizing radiation are also discussed. The DH-DMS complex of equipment for carrying out an experiment to study the impact of space environment factors on samples of optical elements, coverings and electronic components is presented. The ERIIP module intended for carrying out an experiment to study the impact of space ionizing radiation on electronic equipment of foreign production is described (commercial off-the-shelf COTS). Chips of Atmega168PA, STM32F303, AM29F010b, AM24C32 are tested In the experiment.
Concept of multilevel adaptation of integrated navigation systems of small spacecraft
Authors: Fominov I. V.
Published: July 2015

The concept of constructing an adaptive on-board information and measuring complex of small spacecraft is discussed in the paper. The developed concept of multilevel adaptation of integrated navigation systems of small spacecraft provides the required accuracy and survivability in conditions of influencing factors and emergency situations. Lack of clearly defined information-measuring core inherent in modern integrated navigation systems of different moving objects is a distinctive feature of the proposed concept. Basic information of a navigation system with respect to which correction of other systems is supposed to be carried out is formed in accordance with the situation determined by the level of disturbances and failures taking place, as well as modes of operation of small spacecraft. The concept involves three levels: parametric, information and structural adaptation. The parametric level assumes automatic tuning of the parameters of measuring system sensors to ensure the best mode of operation in terms of accuracy. The information level of adaptation provides the required accuracy of determining the parameters of orientation and navigation through the implementation of an adaptive method of complex processing of navigational information. The structural layer provides the systems self-organization that consists in providing the control of modes of operation of measuring equipment and information resources to ensure the integrity of navigation information in a contingency situation. Methods of system analysis were used in developing the concept of multi-level adaptation of an adaptive on-board information and measuring complex of small spacecraft.
Phase Composition and Structure-Formation of the Low-Clinkered Floured Cements
Authors: Sarsenbayev N.B. , Sarsenbayev B.K. , Aubakirova Т.S. , Aimenov J.T. , Abdiramanova K.S.
Published: July 2015

We have carried out studies on the production of low-clinkered floured cements (LCFC) on the basis of natural and technogenic waste. The research on optimizing the compositions, strength, durability and performance properties of low-clinkered floured cements (LCFC) was carried out. Therefore, we studied the new products in the process of hydration of mechanically activated multi-component cements in the presence of technogenic wastes of the industry (waste of limestone crushing at opencast mines, metallurgical and phosphoric slag) and surface-active reagents (SAR) (superplasticizer S-3); as well as the development of compositions of high-strength and technological sorts of cement concretes. Thus, the low-clinkered floured cements developed by us based on industrial technogenic waste that meet the modern requirements, i.e. they improve physical-mechanical characteristics of the material and positively influence the ecological situation and allow decreasing the cost of final product. The physico-chemical research of the processes of hydration of low-clinkered floured cements with additive of superplasticizer S-3 were carried out by modern methods using X-ray diffract-meter D8ADVANCE (Bruker company) with Cu-radiation and synchronous thermo-analyzer STA 409 PC Luxx (Netzsch, Germany) at exposure mode of 10 º/min in the platinum crucibles in the air conditions.
Controversias en torno a los métodos de medición y a las medidas oficiales de la pobreza en la Argentina reciente
Authors: Pérez Soledad A.
Published: July 2015

En el presente trabajo se abordan las controversias vinculadas a los métodos de medición y a las medidas oficiales de la pobreza en Argentina, en el periodo 2003-2011, pues las controversias, tanto las teóricas como las metodológicas, suelen tener un papel fundamental en el desarrollo epistemológico. Para ello se distinguen tres periodos: en el primero, entre 2003 y 2005, se entabló una larga polémica centrada en lo metodológico, aunque no exclusivamente, entre la Dirección Nacional de Coordinación de Política Macroeconómica —dependiente del Ministerio de Economía— y el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INDEC). El segundo tuvo lugar en 2006, y en las controversias, donde se enzarzaron esta vez el INDEC y la Secretaría de Comercio Interior, perdió preponderancia la discusión metodológica relativa a la medición de la pobreza. El último periodo se inició en enero de 2007.
La estructura empresarial mexicana de 2003 a 2008: hacia la cuarta década perdida
Authors: Núñez R. Gaspar
Published: July 2015

En este artículo analizamos, utilizando la información de los Censos Económicos 2004 y 2009, la estructura empresarial de México y su desempeño en los años 2003 y 2008. El principal hallazgo es que la ya de por sí pobre estructura empresarial existente en 2003, presenta un deterioro aún mayor en 2008. El análisis detallado de las variables relevantes para el desempeño y potencial desarrollo de la economía, confirma que la década 2001-2010 efectivamente puede caracterizarse como “la tercera década perdida”, y que la situación actual de la estructura empresarial imposibilita un desarrollo socioeconómico significativo para la década 2011-2020. Los resultados también confirman una de las principales hipótesis de la literatura actual: que el estancamiento económico tiene como una de sus principales causas directas o inmediatas, la insuficiente inversión en capital físico. AbstractThis research examines Mexican firm structure and performance during the years 2003 and 2008, using data from the 2004 and 2009 Economic Census. We find that the poor firm structure of year 2003 is even worst in 2008. Detailed analysis of variables relevant for economic performance and future development, confirms that the period 2001-2010 was indeed a third lost decade, and that the current firm structure makes it impossible to achieve a meaningful economic development for the 2011-2020 decade. Results also confirm one of the main thesis in current literature, namely, that lack of investment in physical capital is one of the main causes of economy stagnation.
Sensitivity‐Based Calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Hydrologic Cycle Simulation in the Cong Watershed, Vietnam
Authors: Anh Nguyen Viet , Fukuda Shinji , Hiramatsu Kazuaki , Harada Masayoshi
Published: July 2015

For better water resources management in quality and quantity, an accurate model is needed for simulating the hydrologic cycle and water quality dynamics at a watershed scale. In this study, a semi‐distributed hydrologic model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was applied for hydrologic cycle assessment in the Cong Watershed, Vietnam. After model‐output and accuracy‐based sensitivity analyses were conducted without and with observation data, respectively, model parameters were calibrated and validated using meteorological and runoff data observed between 1961 and 1975. Model performance in annual, monthly, and daily flow simulations was assessed using the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination (R2). As a result, the accuracy‐based sensitivity analysis better identified the key parameters, as compared to the model output‐based sensitivity analysis, resulting in better flow simulations in the Cong River. The calibrated model performed well in hydrologic cycle simulations in the Cong Watershed, suggesting the applicability of the SWAT model.