bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From environment to culture: Aspects of continuity
Authors: Ipsen Guido
Published: June 2021

The conceptualization of the lifeworld of any species includes a reformation of the matter found in the environment into concepts which make up the species-specific Umwelt. This paper argues that the human agency in conceptualising the Umwelt necessarily transforms what we usually call “nature” into so-called “culture”. Ultimatively, this human activity has two consequences which we cannot escape, but which have an influence not only on our perception of the environment, but also on our theorising about what has been called the “nature-culture divide”, the “semiotic threshold” respectively: First, any environmental perception is at once conceived of in cultural terms. Second, whatever “nature” may be, our including it into the cultural discourse removes it from our immediate cognition.
Disaster semiotics: An alternative ‘global semiotics’?
Authors: Chang Han-liang
Published: June 2021

Thomas A. Sebeok’s global semiotics has inspired quite a few followers, noticeably Marcel Danesi, Susan Petrilli and Augusto Ponzio. However, for all the trendiness of the word, the very concept of global should be subject to more rigorous examination, especially within today’s ecological and politico-economic contexts. With human and natural disasters precipitating on a global and almost quotidian basis, it is only appropriate for global semioticians to pay more attention to such phenomena and to contemplate, even when confined to their attics, the semiotic consequences of disasters. The paper probes into the semiotic implications of the tsunami disaster that claimed quarter of a million lives in South and Southeast Asia during the Christmas holidays in 2004, and proposes a semiotics of disaster, developed from the discussions of the eighteenth-century British Empiricist philosopher Thomas Reid and the contemporary semiotician David S. Clarke, Jr. As the word’s etymology indicates, disaster originally referred to a natural phenomenon, i.e., ‘an obnoxious planet’, and only by extension was it later used to cover man-made calamities, be it political or economic. Although the dichotomy of nature versus culture no longer holds good, the author uses the word disaster in the traditional sense by referring to ‘natural’ disasters only.
Semiotics of natural disaster discourse in post-tsunami world: A theoretical framework
Authors: Kim Sungdo
Published: June 2021

The study of natural disaster and its discursive dimensions from a semiotic perspective can provide a theoretical frame for the scientific communication of global catastrophes. In this paper I will suggest two models; one is a semiotic model on the natural catastrophic events and the other is a hexagon model composed of semiotic dimensions of natural disaster discourse. The six main modules include narration, description, explication, visualization, prevention, and recovery action.
Impact or explosion? Technological culture and the ballistic metaphor
Authors: Machado Irene
Published: June 2021

The term ‘impact’ has become the kind of word which, when it relates to the evaluation of technological advances in contemporary culture, suggests signs of erosion, debilitation and evasion. The misinformed and indiscriminate use of the term in the most varied of contexts has created an impasse in the cultural semiotic approach, where sign systems are viewed in terms of borders and relations. The objective of this article is to examine the trivialisation of the use of the ballistic metaphor in this explosive moment of the culture. For this, we will refer to the formulations presented by the semiotician, Juri Lotman, in his book, appropriately entitled Culture and Explosion. To what degree is the concept of explosion presented as a counterpart to the notion of impact? The desire to find answers to this question is what motivated this inquiry.
Carré sémiotique et interprétation des récits mythiques. — Semiotic square and the interpretation of myths
Authors: Pottier Richard
Published: June 2021

Semiotic square and the interpretation of myths. Greimas’ semiotic square is built upon the hypothesis that the concept of elementary structure of signification is operational only if subjected to a logical interpretation and formulation. However, Greimas’ commentaries on that model are questionable. On the one hand, he asserts that logical nature of the connection between any two terms, s1 and s2, is undetermined; on the other hand, he provides the relations s1 – non s1, s2 – non s2, s1 – non s2 and s2 – non s1 with a logical status. Now, since these two statements are inconsistent, a choice must be made: either these four relations have a logical significance, and then the semiotic square is a logical square, so that s1 – s2 has to be interpreted as an incompatibility relation; or s1 – s2 has no logical meaning, and then not only the status of the other relations given in the model is not logical either, but also the simple fact of applying negation to the terms s1 and s2 is meaningless. That dilemma follows from an argument, that Greimas has laid down as a principle, under which linguistic communication depends on the existence of a deep level (or immanent level) of the significance, that is supposed to precede its manifestation in speech. If, conversely, we assume that significance is produced at discursive level, and that consequently the patterning of linguistic codes relies on what could be called a semantic sedimentation process, which comes out from linguistic activity, there is no more dilemma. Such a thesis, which implies that the elementary structure of signification must be seen as the schematization by the describer of speakers’ mental activity, leads to a point of view inversion. Nevertheless, the two conditions which, according to Greimas, are required for catching the meaning are still relevant, except that, contrary to Greimas’ opinion, they now apply at the speech level: two discursive units can be opposed if they simultaneously include a common feature which join them, and a distinguishing feature which disjoin them. In order to illustrate that point, an analysis of two short amerindian myths, which Lévi-Strauss has already investigated, will be undertaken, and finally specific problems related to the interpretation of that kind of narratives will be outlined.
Naming the body of nobody: The topic of truth in Victor Klemperer’s diaries
Authors: Rinn Michael
Published: June 2021

Victor Klemperer, German philologist and Professor at the University of Dresden, bears testimony to his survival during the Nazi years in his Diaries (1933–1945). Progressively excluded from all social life because of his Jewish religion, Klemperer is forced to recognize himself as a non-subject by the end of the war, calling himself “Nobody” in reference to Ulysses with Polyphemus, the Cyclops. Our article aims to show the mental — cognitive and corporal — process underlying this recognition. Our study will explore the two-pronged thrust of this process: faced with the inexorable destruction of his self, Klemperer has to acknowledge the limits of his analytical capacities. But this extreme experience will enable him to create somatic knowledge destined to recognize what he calls “thought of extinction”. To conclude, we show how this reasoning is based upon action language which consists in naming the body.
Critical events of the 1940s in Estonian life histories
Authors: Jaago Tiiu
Published: June 2021

The article observes how critical times, conditioned by events concurrent with Soviet power and World War II, are currently reflected in life histories of newly independent Estonia. Oral history analysis comprises texts from southern Läänemaa: oral life history interview (2005), written responses to the Estonian National Museum’s questionnaire “The 1949 Deportation, Life as a Deportee” (1999) and a written life history sent to the Estonian Literary Museum’s relevant competition “One Hundred Lives of a Century” (1999). Aiming at historic context, materials from the Estonian Historical Archives and Läänemaa County Archives have been used. The treatment focuses on two issues. First, whether oral and written narratives only differ by the form of presentation or do they also convey different messages (ideologies). Secondly, whether memories and history documents solely complement each other or do they more essentially alter the imaginations obtained from the events. The public is presented with experience narratives on coping under difficult circumstances, both at practical and mental levels. Narratives are presented from a certain standpoint, pursuant to narrators’ convictions, with the main message remaining the same in different presentations. The addition of history sources enables to better observe the evolving of narrative tradition (narration rules) and highlight new questions (hidden in the narrative).
La construction de la mémoire coloniale en Érythrée: les Erythréens, les Métis, les Italiens. — The construction of memory in colonial Eritrea: Eritreans, Mestizos and Italians
Authors: D’Agostino Gabriella
Published: June 2021

The construction of memory in colonial Eritrea: Eritreans, Mestizos and Italians. Focusing on some passages of life histories collected in Asmara and based on the ‘memory of Italy’, I study the representation of the past in order to reveal the shaping of the subjective experience by the colonial discourse in Eritrea. If the main aim of my essay is the understanding of the play of interactions between individuals and collectivity, one more important element I take into account is ‘memory’ seen as a “social selection of remembering” (Halbwachs). I try to connect the social position and narrative role of single members (of the Eritrean society) to the meaning it takes the ‘going back to the past’ for them as individuals belonging to a group (an Eritrean, a Mestizo, an Italian) in relation to the past and the present. The consequence is that the logic dominant/dominated is inadequate to explain the internal articulations of the colonial context and that the focus must be shifted on individual and collective systems of expectations and on the negotiations of meaning resulting from a “past always to be recovered” and a “present always to be rebuilt”.
Parler de soi pour changer le monde. — Speaking about oneself in order to change the world
Authors: Toulouze Eva , Niglas Liivo
Published: June 2021

Speaking about oneself in order to change the world. Juri Vella is a Forest Nenets reindeer herder, writer and fighter for his people’s rights. In his private life, he enjoys silence, as it is a rule in his culture. But the public man, who is graduated from the Literature Institute in Moscow, is aware of the power of speech, and knows how to use it for his goals, to support his vision. He had to realise that the native peoples in Western Siberia have lost much of their skills and acquired none during the Soviet period, in which they were compelled to integrate in the society and to attend Soviet institutions as school or the army. This process has been intensified in the latest fifty years, with the invasion of their traditional territories by oil industry. But Juri Vella expects the oil reserves to finish one day, and then the aborigines will lack the goods bestowed upon them by “Western” society and will have to survive with the help of the traditional skills. He tries to promote his vision of the natives able to live in both worlds and able to recover their dignity. This article analyses his public speech in this behalf and the way Juri Vella speaks about himself, enlarging his “ego” both to his clan and the native peoples in general and connecting it very directly with the space around him. The main sources are Eva Toulouze’s fieldwork at Juri Vella’s taiga camp, living with the family five months, and the film Liivo Niglas has shot about him in 2003.
De la sémiotique de la représentation théâtrale à l’anthropologie culturelle: Pourquoi le théâtre (résiste)? — From the semiotics of theatrical representation to cultural anthropology or why theater (resists)?
Authors: Mouratidou Eleni
Published: June 2021

From the semiotics of theatrical representation to cultural anthropology or why theater (resists)? In this paper I propose an epistemological approach to the field of theatre semiotics from the beginning of the 20th century to our days. Firstly, I point out two different periods that have influenced theatre semiotics. The first one centres on reflections and studies by the Prague School of Structuralism. More precisely, I address Jan Mukařovsky’s essays about art and society as well as Jindrich Honzl’s contributions to the study of sign and system in theatre. The second period presented here is that of theatre semiotics in the early 70s and late 80s in France. My goal here is to expose the main reasons that led theatre semiotics to a deadlock in the early 90s. Theatre semiotic research has been rich and fruitful in the beginning of last century. However, in our days it is generally deemed unadvisable to describe theatre representation in terms of sign and system. Although theatre semiotics used to be presented in French university classes, it is no longer possible to do so. Even though general semiotics has progressed by denying the importance of structure and by refusing to search for the minimal sign and its code, theatre semiotics has remained faithful to old communicational semiotics research. Throughout my contribution, I would like to examine the kind of semiotic field best fit to approaching an artistic domain such as theatre. In other words, I would like to show that Western theatre, granted it can be seen as a semiotic object, is first and foremost an artistic and cultural one. In order to do so, I propose a theoretical and methodological framework based on a specific semiotic model: the “indicial semiology” proposed by Anne-Marie Houdebine. Inspired by Juri Lotman’s essays about culture and art, I will try to set “indicial semiology” in the general field of a cultural anthropology.
Semiotics as the science of memory
Authors: Bouissac Paul
Published: June 2021

The notion of culture implies the relative stability of sets of algorithms that become entrenched in human brains as children become socialized, and, to a lesser extent, when immigrants become assimilated into a new society. The semiotics of culture has used the notion of signs and systems of signs to conceptualize this process, which takes for granted memory as a natural affordance of the brain without raising the question of how and why cultural signs impact behaviour in a durable manner. Indeed, under the influence of structuralism, the semiotics of culture has mostly achieved synchronic descriptions. Dynamic models have been proposed to account for the action of signs (e.g., semiosis, dialogism, dialectic) and their resulting cultural changes and cultural diversity. However, these models have remained remarkably abstract, and somewhat disconnected from the actual brain processes, which must be assumed to be involved in the emergence, maintenance, and transformations of cultures. Semiotic terminology has contributed to a systematic representation of cultural objects and processes but the philosophical origin of its basic concepts has made it difficult to construct a productive interface with the cognitive neurosciences as they have developed and achieved notable advances in the understanding of memory over the last few decades. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that further advances in semiotics will require a shift from philosophical and linguistic notions toward biological and evolutionary models.
Semiotic autoregulation: Dynamic sign hierarchies constraining the stream of consciousness
Authors: Valsiner Jaan
Published: June 2021

For all human sciences, understanding of how the mind works requires a new theory that starts from the assumption of potential infinite variability of human symbolic forms. These forms are socially constructed by the person who moves through an endless variety of unique encounters with the world. A theory of symbolic forms needs to capture the essence of hyperdynamic, irreversible nature of the stream of consciousness and activity. The human mind is regulated through a dynamic hierarchy of semiotic mechanisms of increasingly generalized kind, which involves mutual constraining between levels of the hierarchy. It is demonstrated that semiotic mediation leads to a triplet of personal-cultural constructions — a new symbolic form, a metasymbolic form, and a regulatory signal to stop or enable the construction of further semiotic hierarchy. In everyday terms — human beings produce new problems, together with new efforts at solving them, and make decisions when to stop producing the former two. Hence, semiotic mediation guarantees both flexibility and inflexibility of the human psychological system, through the processes of abstracting generalization and contextualizing specification. Context specificity of psychological phenomena is an indication of general mechanisms that generate variability. Scientific investigation of human psychological complexity is necessarily oriented to the study of variability within the individual person’s psychological time-space.
Space-Time: A mythological geometry
Authors: Grigorjeva Jelena
Published: June 2021

In the article the fundamental graphic models that are used by the cultural consciousness to bring about the abstract spheres of thought are analyzed. The problem of inter-semiotic, i.e. emblematic, interpretation of the categories of space and time is also considered. The models of the cross and pyramid are analyzed from the point of view of their ideological (transcending) function and of the mechanism of emblematizing the abstract notions of time and space. This approach helps understanding the general laws of cultural mentality and the process of emblematizing any meaning for the structuring and fixation purposes.
Ethnolinguistic identity and social cognition: Language prejudice as hermeneutic pathology
Authors: Herman David
Published: June 2021

Analysts studying the nexus between language and ethnic identity have characterized ethnolinguistic ideologies as the deep structure of overt language practices. By contrast, this exploratory analysis argues for the advantages of shifting from a multi-level to a single-level explanatory model, consisting of interpretive frames and data (= aspects of sociocommunicative behavior) interpreted by way of those frames. The single-level model affords, arguably, a more unified treatment of people’s everyday inferences about ethnolinguistic identity, on the one hand, and research paradigms for studying language as an ethnosemiotic resource, on the other hand. Yet the “singletiered” model does not void socioideological considerations. Instead, it assumes that a continuum stretches between (1) entrenched language prejudices, (2) efforts to use language theory to question or dislodge such prejudices, and (3) the moment-by-moment hypotheses and inferences in terms of which humans make sense of their conspecifics’ linguistic behavior, along with other ethnosemiotic cues.
The relevance of C. S. Peirce for socio-semiotics
Authors: Deledalle-Rhodes Janice
Published: June 2021

Neither Peirce’s thought in general nor his semeiotic in particular would appear to be concerned with ‘society’ as it is generally conceived today. Moreover, Peirce rarely mentions ‘society’, preferring the term ‘community’, which his readers have often interpreted restrictively. There are two essential points to be borne in mind. In the first place, the epithet ‘social’ refers here not to the object of thought, but to its production, its mode of action and its transmission and conservation. In the second place, the term ‘community’ is not restricted to the scientific community, as is sometimes supposed. On the contrary, it refers to the ideal form of a society, which he calls ‘the unlimited community’, i. e. a group of people striving towards a common goal. Furthermore, Peirce’s semeiotic has been put in doubt as capable of providing a model for communication, the basis of social, dialogic, thought and action. The aim of the present article is to show that semeiotic, funded as it is on Peirce’s three categories, which define and delimit the ways in which man perceives and represents the phenomena, can provide a comprehensive model for the analysis of all types of communication in all social contexts. Finally, in this domain, as in others, Peirce was a forerunner, with the result that his thought has often been misunderstood or forgotten. In addition, he was pre-eminently a philosopher, thus his work has been neglected in other disciplines. The elaboration of other triadic systems, such as, notably, that of Rossi-Landi, shows that the tendency of semiotics in general is to move away from the former static, dyadic model towards that involving a triadic process. This trend, with which Peircean theory is in harmony, has been sharply accentuated in recent years, but often lacks a philosophical justification for its assumptions, which Peirce provides.
Towards an integrated methodology of ecosemiotics: The concept of nature-text
Authors: Maran Timo
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article is to elaborate ecosemiotics towards practical methodology of analysis. For that, the article first discusses the relation between meaning and context seen as a possibility for an ecological view immanent in semiotics. Then various perspectives in ecosemiotics are analyzed by describing biological and cultural ecosemiotics and critically reading the ecosemiotic works of W. Nöth and K. Kull. Emphasizes is laid on the need to integrate these approaches so that the resulting synthesis would both take into account the semioticity of nature itself as well as allow analyzing the depiction of nature in the written texts. To this end, a model of nature-text is introduced. This relates two parties intertwined by meaning-relations — the written text and the natural environment. In support of the concept of nature-text, the article discusses the Tartu–Moscow semioticians’ concepts of text, which are regarded as broad enough to accommodate the semiotic activity and environment creation of other animals besides humans. In the final section the concept of nature-text is used to describe nature writing as an appreciation of an alien semiotic sphere and to elucidate the nature writing’s marginality, explaining it with the need to interpret two different types of texts.
Gathering in Biosemiotics 6, Salzburg 2006
Authors: Witzany Günther , Yip Maricela
Published: June 2021

Gathering in Biosemiotics 6, Salzburg 2006
The 7th Gathering in Biosemiotics — a review
Authors: Neuman Yair
Published: June 2021

The 7th Gathering in Biosemiotics — a review
Writing the Present: Notation in Barthes’s Collège de France lectures
Authors: Sheringham Michael
Published: June 2021

In his lectures at the Collège de France in 1978–1979, Barthes focuses at length on the activity of ‘la notation’ (in English, notation): grabbing a fleeting event or impression as it happens, and registering it in your notebook. This article explores the ramifications of notation, as outlined in the lectures (where it is associated with haiku, Joycean epiphany and Proustian impressionism), linking it to Barthes’s longstanding interest in the ontology of modes of signification. Allied to his concept of the ‘third meaning’, and to later terms such as the incident and the romanesque, notation is seen to be central to the preoccupation with affect, subjectivity and individuality we associate with Barthes’s later work. Linked with the fantasy of writing a novel, notation also chimes with the “fantasmatic pedagogy” of Barthes’s lectures where ideas are explored in a highly personal way through the accumulation of discontinuous traits. Through notation the affect-driven, decentred Barthesian subject finds its voice.
Ways of keeping love alive: Roland Barthes, George du Maurier, and Gilles Deleuze
Authors: Pyrhönen Heta
Published: June 2021

The article examines Barthes’s A Lover’s Discourse (1977) in conjunction with du Maurier’s Trilby (1894) in order to present an argument about the similarities they share with the male masochistic fantasy as theorised by Deleuze in his Coldness and Cruelty (1989). Barthes’s insistence on the connection between art and love directs my approach. Trilby deals with love and aesthetics in the contexts of art, music, and narrative. The discourses of Trilby’s competing lovers over the same woman serve as a point of comparison against which I read Barthes’s dramatisation of a lover’s discourse. I argue that Barthes’s lover shares a number of central discursive figures with the Deleuzian masochistic lover. I examine Barthes’s suggestion about the tension between the non-narrative discourse of love and the metalanguage of conventional love stories. I focus on those figures in a lover’s discourse that Barthes identifies as keeping this discourse from turning into a love story. My argument is that many of these figures are among the hallmarks of the masochistic fantasy. In particular the formula of disavowal safeguards the lover’s discourse, hindering it from turning into a conventional narrative about love.
Semiotics of the 20th century
Authors: Ivanov Vyacheslav V.
Published: June 2021

Semiotic and linguistic studies of the 20th century have been important mostly in two senses — (1) they have opened a road for comparative research on the origin and development of language and other systems of signs adding a new dimension to the history of culture; (2) they have shown a possibility of uniting different fields of humanities around semiotics suggesting a way to trespass separation and atomisation of different trends in investigating culture. In the 21st century one may hope for closer integration of semiotics and exact and natural sciences. The points of intersection with the mathematical logic, computer science and information theory that already exist might lead to restructuring theoretical semiotics making it a coherent and methodologically rigid discipline. At the same time, the continuation of neurosemiotic studies promises a breakthrough in understanding those parts of the work of the brain that are most intimately connected to culture. From this point of view semiotics may play an outstanding role in the synthesis of biological science and humanities. In my mind that makes it a particularly important field of future research.
Semiospheric transitions: A key to modelling translation
Authors: Andrews Edna , Maksimova Elena
Published: June 2021

Lotman’s contribution to semiotic theory, anthroposemiotics, the study of artistic texts and defining the relationship between language and culture represent some of the most powerful work produced within the Tartu–Moscow School of Semiotics. The importance of translation is one of the central principles that unites all of Lotman’s work. In the following paper, we will consider Lotman’s definition of translatability in the context of (1) the definition of semiospheric internal and external boundaries and the importance of crossing these boundaries, (2) the role of no fewer than two languages as a minimal unit of semiotic meaning-generation, (3) culture text-level generation of collective memory, and (4) the ever-present tension in the communication act. In our concluding section, we will offer an extended model of the communication act, based on the fundamental principles given in Jakobson, Sebeok and Lotman, in order to specify important moments of the translation process.
Translation as sentimental education: Zhukovskij’s Sel’skoe kladbishche
Authors: Rückert George
Published: June 2021

Vasilij Zhukovskij’s Sel’skoe kladbische, a translation of Thomas Gray’s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, occupies a special place in Russian literary history. First published in 1802, it was so widely imitated by later Russian poets that it came to be regarded as a “landmark of Russian literature”, not only at a boundary between two cultures (English and Russian) but also at a boundary within Russian culture itself — the transition from Neoclassical to Romantic aesthetics. Zhukovskij’s translation of Gray can be read as the end result of a long process of personal education in the sign system of Sentimentalism, in both its European and its Russian variants, which then reproduced itself in an impersonal way within his culture as a whole. Zhukovskij did not merely reinscribe Gray’s poem into Russian. Rather, he used it to deploy the developing Russian Sentimentalist (Karamzinist) style within a wide range of lyric registers, thereby providing models for other Russian lyric poets. In this sense, his work exemplifies Juri Lotman’s dictum that “the elementary act of thinking is translation” — it made it possible for Russian poets to think within an entirely new, though by no means foreign system of signs.
Meanings come in six
Authors: Luure Andres
Published: June 2021

Though it seems to be reasonable to restrict the scope of semiotics, in order more completely to understand the semiotic phenomena it is necessary to specify all conceivable types of sign and meaning. The method of sextets is introduced that yields a uniform six-item structure of both general and special sign typologies. A general typology of signs and meanings in language and speech and a typology of referring are presented as the paradigms for the structure. In any sign typology in the framework of this structure, the categorisation of the unit of meaning is analogous to the first three items of the first paradigm. In any sign typology in this framework, the relation between the sign and the meaning is analogous to the relation of referring.
История одного текста Ю. М. Лотмана [The history of a text by Juri Lotman]
Authors: Żyłko Bogusław
Published: June 2021

История одного текста Ю. М. Лотмана [The history of a text by Juri Lotman]
Humanities: State and prospects
Authors: Nöth Winfried , Tarasti Eero , Tamm Marek
Published: June 2021

Humanities: State and prospects
Journal scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: June 2021

A brief overview of recently published articles on gastroenterology, hepatology and stoma care
S.O.S. (send oxygen supplies)
Authors: Kurtkoti Rucha
Published: June 2021

Rucha Kurtkoti describes the urgent COVID-19 situation in India and how to help
Communicating with complex cancer patients in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Taylor Claire , Hona Therese , Crawford Rebecca
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 has necessitated significant modifications to usual cancer care delivery. A major consideration from the outset has been maintaining effective communication with cancer patients to keep them informed and engaged, as well as safe. One of positive developments of the pandemic has been the rapid introduction of enhanced technology into the NHS, particularly online platforms and video conferencing. The use of telehealth technology within complex cancer care has positively transformed communication with outpatients and between clinical teams. This article discusses the rationale, perceived benefits and factors to consider when making these changes.
‘It's just part of the disease’: a qualitative study exploring help-seeking behaviours for fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Dhálaigh Doireann Ní , Greaney Anna Marie , Farrell Dawn
Published: June 2021

Background:

Fatigue is the most burdensome aspect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite this, people tend not to discuss fatigue or seek help.

Aims:

To uncover the reasons people do or do not seek help for fatigue in IBD.

Methods:

A qualitative approach was employed, underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Semi-structured interview questions were posed to a voluntary sample of 12 participants with self-reported diagnosis of IBD fatigue, recruited from the Irish Society of Colitis and Crohn's. The sample included individuals who had and had not sought help in the past.

Findings:

The availability of management options, symptom perception, symptom impact, knowledge of sources of help and inferiority of fatigue as a symptom can influence help-seeking behaviour. Fatigue is viewed as inferior to other symptoms of IBD, which influences help-seeking behaviour and help-seeking experiences.

Conclusions:

Health professionals can increase help-seeking by informing patients about the symptom and identifying a specific source of help for fatigue.
Ready for the next pandemic
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: June 2021

Penny Harrison examines ‘COVID-19: make it the last pandemic’, a recent report from the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response
Career talk: Clinical Nurse Educator
Authors: Santos Sara , Duncan Julie
Published: June 2021

In this interview, part of a series about the career pathways of experienced gastrointestinal specialists, Sara Santos speaks with Clinical Nurse Educator Julie Duncan
Effect of residual lower-extremity function on strategies and execution time for raising and lowering trousers in patients with hemiparetic stroke: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Iwata Kenji , Koyama Soichiro , Yamazaki Toshihiro , Kimura Keisuke , Sakurai Hiroaki , Kanada Yoshikiyo
Published: June 2021

Background/aims

There are no established methods for patients with hemiparetic stroke to practice the raising and lowering of trousers. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of different strategies by patients with hemiparetic stroke for lowering and raising trousers by using the non-paretic upper limb in the standing position, based on residual motor function in the paretic lower limb.

Methods

A total of 28 patients with hemiparetic stroke were included in the study (n=10, 12, and 6 with lower-limb Brunnstrom stages III, IV and V respectively). Endpoints were execution time and frequency of changing the manipulation region.

Results

Lower-limb Brunnstrom stages III, IV and V were associated with execution times of 24.1 ± 11.1, 18.1 ± 6.5 and 16.9 ± 9.6 seconds respectively, and the mean frequency of manipulation of trousers on the posterior paretic side was significantly lower than those of the anterior paretic, anterior non-paretic, and posterior non-paretic sides in all patients (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Motor function of the paretic lower limb did not affect the strategies used for lowering and raising trousers with the non-paretic upper limb. Manipulation of trousers on the posterior paretic side was especially difficult.
DIS-PENSAR O DIREITO OCIDENTAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE REDES DE SENTIDO A PARTIR DA FORMALIZAÇÃO JURÍDICA DO TRABALHO
Authors: Pitta Flavia Almeida
Published: June 2021

O texto procura refletir, a partir de conceitos desenvolvidos pelo filósofo Laurenio Sombra, (rede de sentidos e constituição dos sujeitos), e da noção de colonialidade do poder do sociólogo peruano Aníbal Quijano, os efeitos da colonialidade do poder sobre o Direito brasileiro. Para isso, parte-se de um problema concreto específico: a formalização jurídica, no contexto brasileiro, de coletivos de trabalhadores da Economia Popular e Solidária, que desvela o descompasso entre a identidade de tais sujeitos coletivos e a identidade jurídica que o modelo ocidental-capitalista de Direito lhes impõe.
TEJIENDO EL SENTIPENSAR ONTOLÓGICO: ENCUENTROS ENTRE POESÍA Y FILOSOFÍA
Authors: Mesa Jennifer Olarte , Cepeda Juan
Published: June 2021

En el marco de la investigación avanzada desde el Grupo de Investigación Tlamatinime en la línea de develar el sentipensar ontológico como forma de ontología latinoamericana, elaboramos una aproximación de nuestro ejercicio investigativo, evocando a las tejedoras, campesinas e indígenas, como quien teje una colcha, metáfora del tejido de las ideas en que vamos constituyendo nuestros pensamientos a partir del sentir existencial desde el que estamos siendo en el mundo. No dejamos de señalar esos dos grandes hitos en la historia de la ontología: Aristóteles y Heidegger, para sentarnos en los Andes latinoamericanos, desde donde elaboramos nuestra apuesta. Sentipensar como otra manera de avance investigativo, en el que se busca una comprensión más íntegra de lo que es, de lo que está-siendo.
DAS SEPARAÇÕES À DESCOLONIZAÇÃO: UM COMPROMISSO DE LEITURA
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro Augusto Pereira
Published: June 2021

O discurso filosófico ocidental da modernidade é marcado, em sua grande parte, pela separação completa entre os humanos e os animais. Immanuel Kant mobiliza um importante aparato argumentativo que, não apenas reafirma tal separação, mas estabelece a primeira definição filosófica, senão científica, do conceito de raça (BERNASCONI, 2001). Nosso interesse é apresentar a argumentação desenvolvida por Kant em alguns de seus textos mostrando o comprometimento dessa argumentação com: (i) a ideia de expropriação do mundo animal por meio do especismo, bem como (ii) a expansão colonial na medida em que “rebaixa” outras pessoas que não fazem parte da comunidade cosmopolita europeia de raça branca. Assim, é preciso entender a filosofia do esclarecimento vinculada ao compromisso com a supremacia branca (MILLS, 1997, 2006) que ilustra a ontologia ocidental bem marcada pela dominação feita pelos brancos aos povos não europeus, bem como pela exploração do animal. Argumentamos, portanto, que o esforço pelas descolonizações precisa acontecer nas leituras contemporâneas da filosofia, área que muitas vezes marginaliza temas fundamentais nas concepções de seu próprio campo especulativo.
¿QUÉ DEBEMOS ENTENDER CUANDO OBAMA AFIRMA QUE PRETENDE LLEVAR A CUBA (Y AL MUNDO) LA DEMOCRACIA Y LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS?
Authors: Vitória Paulo Renato
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo presenta algunas hipótesis, desde una perspectiva crítica y decolonial, sobre qué es lo que debemos entender cuando el presidente estadounidense Barack Obama presenta la intención de su país de llevar a Cuba (y al resto del mundo) la democracia y los derechos humanos. Los métodos utilizados por Estados Unidos para lograr tal objetivo en la mayor de las Antillas han consistido —sobre todo en los últimos 56 años— en hacer justamente lo contrario de lo pregonado en los discursos oficiales: en nombre de la democracia y de los derechos humanos, se ha buscado imponer a Cuba un sistema político controlado por el mercado (y no por la gente) y se ha violado los derechos humanos más básicos de la población cubana. Primeramente, propongo una reflexión sobre el mito del “excepcionalismo” estadounidense, que “condena” ese país a encarnar, propagar y actuar en la defensa de los valores más nobles de la humanidad: la libertad, la democracia, el progreso, los derechos humanos, etc. En seguida, propongo un repaso del mecanismo filosófico-discursivo que permite a los Estados Unidos violar los derechos de los que se oponen a su lógica imperial, siempre en nombre de los mismos derechos humanos.
ENTRE LÉVI-STRAUSS E O DIABO: (OU ALGUMAS NOTAS SOBRE A ARTE DA ANTROPOLOGIA)
Authors: Calheiros Orlando
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é o de expor algumas breves notas sobre os desdobramentos possíveis de uma antropologia inspirada por aquilo que identificamos como uma arte da interpretação nietzschiana. Uma breve nota sobre uma antropologia que busca produzir seus conceitos a partir de uma experiência limite vivida durante o trabalho de campo. Para tanto, o texto se socorrerá de uma interpretação pouco usual do trabalho de Lévi-Strauss e dos esforços interpretativos do próprio antropólogo.
BIOGRAFIA, MEMÓRIAS COLONIAIS E LEGADOS PÓS-COLONIAIS
Authors: Paredes Margarida
Published: June 2021

Este texto tem como objetivo cruzar a História de Vida da autora, na múltipla condição de guerrilheira, escritora e antropóloga com a teoria Pós-colonial e Feminista. Espetadora privilegiada do fim do Império português, a autora participou na Luta de Libertação anticolonial do MPLA. Mais tarde regressou a África através da escrita romanesca e da pesquisa científica com guerrilheiras na Luta Armada em Angola.
SENTIPENSAR ONTOLÓGICO: APROXIMACIÓN GEOCULTURAL AO CONCEPTO DE SER
Authors: Cepeda Juan
Published: June 2021

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O ENSINO ÉTICO DOS AFETOS EM BENEDICTUS DE SPINOZA
Authors: Gomes Carlos Wagner Benevides
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo mostrar o problema da educação mesmo que não explícito no pensamento do filósofo holandês Benedictus de Spinoza (1632-1677). Analisando algumas obras de Spinoza como a Ética e o Tratado da Reforma da Inteligência, voltadas para questões ontológicas, epistemológicas e éticas, apresentaremos como é possível inferir uma proposta de ensino segundo uma ética dos afetos. Para tanto, relacionaremos a teoria dos afetos e do conatus e Spinoza com a proposta de uma educação movida por afetos ativos, ou seja, que estimulam o desejo de conhecer, a autonomia do agir e o pensamento livre, que são contrários a uma educação movida por afetos passivos.
PERSPECTIVAS EN LA FILOSOFÍA Y TEOLOGÍA DE LA LIBERACIÓN E HISTORIA DE LAS IDEAS: PROPUESTAS PARA PROPICIAR UNA EDUCACIÓN DESCOLONIAL
Authors: Bauer Carlos Francisco
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo propone un recorrido pedagógico, por medio de una serie de propuestas que abordan elaboraciones críticas de pensadores des-coloniales y liberacionistas, que han contribuido a marcar el rumbo del nuevo camino que seguirán las ciencias sociales en Abya Yala (América Latina), como fuentes metodológicas y epistémicas desde donde podemos deconstruir los proyectos de educación colonial y, a la vez, avanzar en la proposición de una educación y una práctica para la liberación de dichas estructuras de dominación. Una de las principales funciones teórico-práctica de la filosofía de la liberación es propiciar una educación para la descolonización y la liberación cultural, epistémica, política, económica, ecológica, estética, espiritual de América
FILOSOFIA DA LIBERTAÇÃO: UM OLHAR SOBRE OS CONCEITOS DE CRISE E DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Alves de Souza Klédson Tiago , Souza José Francisco das Chagas de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir, partindo dos conceitos de crise e desenvolvimento. sobre a filosofia da libertação, nascida na América Latina por volta dos anos 70, como um sinal de superação da estrutura colonizadora e opressora. O processo de construção de uma sociedade justa passa pela descolonização, daí que é preciso entender a crise como esse momento de mudança, e a filosofia da libertação como o movimento do pensamento que é capaz de promover aquilo que Dussel chama de primavera política.Palavras-chave: Crise. Desenvolvimento. Filosofia da Libertação. América Latina.
O PRINCÍPIO CRÍTICO-MATERIAL DA ÉTICA DA LIBERTAÇÃO
Authors: Pereira dos Anjos José Edemilson
Published: June 2021

O artigo apresenta um estudo teórico e bibliográfico acerca do critério e princípio crítico-material da Ética da Libertação de Enrique Dussel. Situa o surgimento da Ética da Libertação no contexto filosófico imediatamente posterior ao debate entre a Filosofia latino-americana e da Libertação com a Ética do Discurso, iniciado a partir do ano de 1989. Mostra a transformação ocorrida no aporte teórico e categorial na filosofia de Dussel, resultante da maneira crítica, criativa e pessoal com que soube lidar com a influência marcante de três grandes filósofos críticos da modernidade: E. Lévinas, K. Marx e K.-O. Apel. O estudo busca aprofundar o conhecimento acerca do tema “o critério e princípio crítico-material da Ética da Libertação”, destacando a “vítima” como categoria-chave da crítica, bem como a centralidade e a relevância do aspecto material-negativo (representada na figura da “vítima”) para a arquitetônica da referida Ética. Ao longo de seu desenvolvimento, descobre a vida humana concreta como o âmbito próprio de ação da razão ético-crítica, que reconhece a negatividade da vítima como o ponto de partida da crítica; também serão trabalhados alguns conceitos-chave, tais como “vítima”, “responsabilidade”, “ética material”, “intersubjetividade”. O estudo integra, de maneira parcial, a uma tese para o Doutorado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Contemporaneidade (PPGEduC) da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB).
GADAMER E DUSSEL: DA HERMENÊUTICA DO DIÁLOGO IMPESSOAL AO DIÁLOGO QUE LIBERTA O ROSTO DA MÁSCARA COLONIAL
Authors: De Oliveira Renato Carvalho
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo trata do diálogo. A tese é que a hermenêutica de Gadamer não serve para a filosofia da libertação pensar o diálogo na América Latina, devido ao contraste metafísico de ambas. O autor alemão dedicou-se ao tema e propôs uma hermenêutica do diálogo para a filosofia ocidental. Dialogar é uma relação de conhecimento com o tu impessoal de textos do passado (tradição), o qual é um vestígio metafísico de que o fundamento do diálogo, da hermenêutica de Gadamer, não é o mesmo da filosofia latino-americana. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é revisar a concepção de diálogo, desde o aporte crítico da filosofia de Enrique Dussel. A metodologia se divide em duas partes. A primeira é uma crítica do diálogo na hermenêutica de Gadamer. A segunda trata da perspectiva de diálogo inferida das reflexões de Dussel sobre o conceito de consciência ética. A conclusão é que enquanto a hermenêutica alemã propõe um diálogo, com base no tu impessoal da tradição, a filosofia da libertação sugere um diálogo, cujo fundamento é o rosto de carne transformado em máscara pela colonialidade eurocêntrica do poder, do saber e do Ser. A implicação ética é que dialogar significa libertar a alteridade latino-americana.
O PROBLEMA DO FLUXO DA CONSCIÊNCIA
Authors: Suárez-Astaiza Jeison Andrés
Published: June 2021

Os conteúdos da consciência estão em um fluxo perpétuo, mas em que consiste esse fluxo e por que representa um problema? O texto a seguir procura responder a essa pergunta, reconstruindo os argumentos que John Dewey e William James, por sua vez, oferecem para explicar a natureza do fluxo da consciência e da vida subjetiva. Assim, na primeira parte do texto, apresentamos a tese geral do naturalismo. Na segunda, discutimos em detalhe a definição que Dewey faz sobre a noção de experiência, em relação aos conceitos de cumprimento [fulfillment] e intenção consciente [conscius intent]. Em seguida, complementaremos com a discussão de duas das cinco características com as quais William James explica, em seus Principles of psychology, a maneira pela qual o pensamento ocorre, a saber: que o pensamento está sempre mudando e, além disso, é sensivelmente contínuo. Finalmente, na última parte, voltamos novamente à exposição do problema do fluxo da consciência, mas à luz de alguns conceitos fenomenológicos como hýle antecipação e retenção. Talvez com isso tenhamos a base necessária para no futuro mostrar como a fenomenologia intencional de Edmund Husserl tenta explicar, à sua maneira, o problema do fluxo da consciência, mas insatisfatoriamente.
BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O SOFRIMENTO SOCIAL
Authors: Tomé Julio
Published: June 2021

Pretende-se neste trabalho defender a ideia de sofrimento social, i.e., aquele sofrimento que tem suas causas, origens e manutenção por meio da organização social, cultural e histórica sobre as quais as pessoas estão inseridas; frente à visão providencialista do sofrimento, i.e., a visão de que todo o sofrimento humano é o fruto do desejo de Deus; e frente à visão “neoliberal” (individualista) que defende a ideia de que não há um sofrimento socialmente constituído, mas sim apenas sofrimentos individuais, sobre a qual cada pessoa é a responsável direta por seu sucesso ou fracasso.