bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FREE GLOBAL DEM: CONVERTING DSM TO DTM AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Authors: Julzarika A. ,   Harintaka
Published: October 2019

Abstract. DTM is a digital model that visualizes height topography. DTM can be used for various survey mapping applications. DTM can be derived from DSM. Currently DSM is widely available but the availability of DTM is still rare, especially in Indonesia. In this study, DSM was obtained from a combination of DSM X SAR, SRTM, and TanDEM-X with the integration method. This DSM integration made height error correction and height reference field to the EGM 2008. This DSM integration has fulfilled the tolerance of vertical accuracy in 1.96σ (95%). This study aims to convert DSM to DTM and discuss some of the DTM applications. The study area of this study is Rote Islands (north and east side), especially in the Dead Sea Lake Area which includes Lake Oemasapoka to Oesu Island. DSM can be converted into DTM by considering several things, namely the canopy tilt angle to topography, the height of the vegetation approach, and the radius defined around the canopy. One way to get this parameter is to make contours on the vegetation in the DSM. After conversion of DSM to DTM, DTM is obtained at ground level. The DTM that has been produced needs to be done a height difference test and the making of longitudinal profile. This longitudinal profile will visualize the conditions of DSM and DTM so that the vegetation height will appear along the profile. The resulting DTM can be used for several applications such as topographic contours, watersheds, water levels, flow accumulation, slope, slope direction, and others.
Extreme significant wave height of tropical cyclone waves in the South China Sea
Authors: Shao Zhuxiao , Liang Bingchen , Li Huajun , Li Ping , Lee Dongyoung
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Extreme significant wave heights are assessed in the South China Sea (SCS),
as assessments of wave heights are crucial for coastal and offshore
engineering. Two significant factors include the initial database and
assessment method. The initial database is a basis for assessment, and the
assessment method is used to extrapolate appropriate return-significant wave
heights during a given period. In this study, a 40-year (1975–2014) hindcast of tropical cyclone waves is used to analyse the extreme significant wave height, employing the peak over threshold (POT) method with the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) model. The peak exceedances over a sufficiently large value (i.e. threshold) are fitted; thus, the return-significant wave heights are highly dependent on the threshold. To determine a suitable threshold, the sensitivity of return-significant wave heights and the characteristics of tropical cyclone waves are studied. The sample distribution presents a separation that distinguishes the high sample from the low sample, and this separation is within the stable threshold range. Because the variation in return-significant wave heights in this range is generally small and the separation is objectively determined by the track and intensity of the tropical cyclone, the separation is selected as a suitable threshold for extracting the extreme sample in the tropical cyclone wave. The asymptotic tail approximation and estimation uncertainty show that the selection is reasonable.
Understanding the spatiotemporal development of human settlement in hurricane-prone areas on the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts using nighttime remote sensing
Authors: Huang Xiao , Wang Cuizhen , Lu Junyu
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Hurricanes, as one of the most devastating natural hazards, have posed a great threat to people in coastal areas. A better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of human settlement in hurricane-prone areas largely benefits sustainable development. This study uses the nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) to examine human settlement development in areas with different levels of hurricane proneness from 1992 to 2013. The DMSP/OLS NTL data from six satellites were intercalibrated and desaturated with the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) optical imagery to derive the Vegetation Adjusted NTL Urban Index (VANUI), a popular index that quantifies human settlement intensity. The derived VANUI time series was examined with the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen test to identify significant spatiotemporal trends. To link the VANUI product to hurricane impacts, four
hurricane-prone zones were extracted to represent different levels of
hurricane proneness. Aside from geographic division, a wind-speed-weighted
track density function was developed and applied to historical storm tracks which originated in the North Atlantic Basin to better categorize the four levels
of hurricane proneness. Spatiotemporal patterns of human settlement in the
four zones were finally analyzed. The results clearly exhibit a north–south
and inland–coastal discrepancy of human settlement dynamics. This study also reveals that both the zonal extent and zonal increase rate of human
settlement positively correlate with hurricane proneness levels. The
intensified human settlement in high hurricane-exposure zones deserves
further attention for coastal resilience.
The material properties of ice bridges in the Maxwell Elasto-Brittle rheology
Authors: Plante Mathieu , Tremblay Bruno , Losch Martin , Lemieux Jean-François
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The shape and break-up of landfast ice arches in narrow channels depend on the material properties of the sea-ice. The effect of the material parameters on ice arches in a sea ice model with the Maxwell Elasto-Brittle (MEB) rheology is investigated. The MEB rheology, which includes a damage parameterization, is implemented using the numerical framework of a Viscous-Plastic model. This configuration allows to study their different physics independently of their numerical implementation. Idealized ice bridge simulations show that the elastic part of the model together with the damage parameterization allows the propagation of fractures in space at very short time-scales. The fractures orientation is sensitive to the chosen angle of internal friction, but deviates from theory. It is speculated that these deviations stem from the absence of a flow rule in the rheology. Downwind of a channel, the MEB model easily forms ice arches and sustains an ice bridge. Using a material cohesion in the range of 15–21 kPa is most consistent with the ice bridges commonly observed in the Arctic. Upstream of the channel, the formation of ice arches is complicated by the absence of a relationship between the ice strength and the ice conditions, and by the presence of numerical errors associated with the damage parameterization. Results suggest that the formation of ice arches upwind of a channel is highly dependent on the rheology and calls for more analysis to determine the necessary conditions for their formation.
Idealised simulations of cyclones with robust
symmetrically-unstable sting jets
Authors: Volonté Ambrogio , Clark Peter A. , Gray Suzanne L.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Idealised simulations of Shapiro-Keyser cyclones developing a sting jet (SJ) are presented. Thanks to an improved and accurate implementation of thermal wind balance in the initial state, it has been possible to use more realistic environments than in previous idealised studies. As a consequence, this study provides further insight in SJ evolution and dynamics and explores SJ robustness to different environmental conditions, assessed via a wide and different range of sensitivity experiments. The control simulation contains a cyclone that fits the Shapiro-Keyser conceptual model and develops a SJ whose dynamics are associated with the evolution of mesoscale instabilities including symmetric instability (SI) along the airstream. The SJ undergoes a strong descent while leaving the cloud-head banded tip and markedly accelerating towards the frontal-fracture region, revealed as an area of buckling of the already-sloped moist isentropes. A substantial amount of SI, generated by slantwise frontal motions in the cloud head, is released along the SJ during its descent. This supports the role of SI in the airstream’s dynamics proposed in a conceptual model outlined in a previous study. Sensitivity experiments illustrate that the SJ is a robust feature of intense Shapiro-Keyser cyclones, highlighting a range of different environmental conditions in which SI contributes to the evolution of this airstream, conditional on the model having adequate resolution. The results reveal that several environmental factors can modulate the strength of the SJ. However, a positive relationship between the strength of the SJ, both in terms of peak speed and amount of descent, and the amount of instability occurring along it can still be identified. In summary, the idealised simulations presented in this study show the robustness of SJ occurrence in intense Shapiro-Keyser cyclones and support and clarify the role of dry instabilities in SJ dynamics.
Analytical model for the power-yaw sensitivity of wind turbines operating in full wake
Authors: Liew Jaime , Urbán Albert M. , Andersen Søren Juhl
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Wind turbines are designed to align themselves with the incoming wind direction. However, turbines often experience unintentional yaw misalignment, which can significantly reduce the power production. The unintentional yaw misalignment increase for turbines operating in wake of upstream turbines. Here, the combined effects of wakes and yaw misalignment are investigated with the resulting reduction in power production. A model is developed, which considers the trajectory of each turbine blade element as it passes through the waked wind field in order to determine a power-yaw loss coefficient. The simple model is verified using the HAWC2 aeroelastic code, where wake flow fields have been generated using both medium and high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations. It is demonstrated that the spatial variation of the incoming wind field, due to the presence of wake(s), plays a significant role in the power loss due to yaw misalignment. Results show that disregarding these effects on the power-yaw loss coefficient can yield a 3.5 % overestimation in the power production of a turbine misaligned by 30°. The presented analysis and model is relevant to low-fidelity wind farm optimization tools, which aim to capture the effects of wake effects and yaw misalignment as well as uncertainty on power output.
Las disputas Iglesia-Estado en México por los decretos de tolerancia y libertad religiosa
Authors: García Ugarte Marta Eugenia
Published: October 2019

A lo largo del siglo XIX y XX, la relación entre la Iglesia y el Estado estuvo llena de enfrentamientos legales, políticos e incluso de carácter militar. Dichas disputas se caracterizaron por una lucha de poder, libertad y soberanía en el proceso de construcción del Estado mexicano. El patronato real y la tolerancia religiosa fueron temas claves en estas diatribas que adoptaron matices, definiciones y posturas distintas a lo largo del tiempo. El análisis de la visión de la jerarquía católica en este devenir resulta indispensable para entender la historia de dos instituciones que comparten territorio, sociedad y cultura y que todavía en nuestros días siguen modificándose para alcanzar la plena coexistencia
Discussion on Relativity of Time Interval in the Theory of Relativity
Authors: Li Zhonggang
Published: October 2019

Einstein's principle of relativity is an important fundamental of relativity. It can also be said that relativity is based on the assumption of the principle of relativity. This assumption can be represented by a diagram of "relativity of time interval", as shown in Fig.  a . According to the theory of relativity, a flash emits from the light source in the moving car and returns to the light source after being reflected by the mirror on the roof. The person in the train thinks that the flash returns to the light source along a vertical line, and the person off the train thinks that the flash returns to the light source along the AMB  curve. The time taken in the two routes is inconsistent. In fact, it is a preconception. Einstein believes that the flash will undoubtedly return to the light source, which is a matter of course and need not be discussed. Therefore, he did not think more and immediately carried out the next research on the time taken inside and outside the train. Here's where the problem arose. Is there an experimental evidence? If the flash does return to the light source, then the next analysis carried out by Einstein is correct and impeccable. However, if the flash does not return to the light source, then Einstein's next analysis and the whole theory of relativity make no sense.
Bada Bing Bada Boom
Authors: Demandt K.M.G. , Coenen M.
Published: October 2019

Bada Bing Bada Boom: overpeinzingen over omkoping en belastingfraude in het Caribische deel van het Koninkrijk

In het onderzoek Bada Bing worden een parlementariër en de eigenaar van een bordeel veroordeeld voor ambtelijke omkoping. De eigenaar wordt tevens veroordeeld voor belastingfraude. In deze bijdrage gaan wij nader in op een aantal aspecten dat in deze zaken aan de orde was. Daarbij hebben we ons beperkt tot de invulling van de omkoping in de zaak van de parlementariër en de formele aspecten die speelden bij de belastingfraude. Deze aspecten springen het meest in het oog gezien de overeenkomsten en verschillen met de Nederlandse (fiscale) strafrechtspleging.
De kosten van rechtsbijstand ex artikel 591a Sv in perspectief
Authors: Koopmans I.M.
Published: October 2019

De kosten van rechtsbijstand ex artikel 591a Sv in perspectief

Hoeveel mag de verdediging in strafzaken kosten? En maakt het daarbij uit wie de verdachte is? Het lijkt er wel op en de vraag is of dat zo moet blijven.
A Review on the Exposure to Benzene among Children in Schools, Preschools and Daycare Centres
Authors: Junaidi Ernie Syazween , Jalaludin Juliana , Tualeka Abdul Rohim
Published: October 2019

Benzene, has been measured in indoor environments for many decades and has been identified to cause variety of health effects. As children spend most of their time indoors such as daycare centre, preschool and school, they are more likely to be exposed to indoor air pollutants. This paper was aimed to evaluate 15 years (2003–2018) of investigations of exposure to benzene among children within indoor environments from worldwide studies. Among 24 papers evaluated, the most frequently studied environment was in primary school (54%) and the highest concentration of benzene was found in preschool at 148.0 μg/m3 in China. Benzene levels were found higher in indoors than outdoors for most of the studies. Active sampling techniques were used in 42% of studies that enable the determination of acute health effects on children during shortperiod of exposure time. Based on the papers evaluated in this study, most of the children are exposed to the inadequate environment during their time spent in indoor environments, which is not in compliance with the established standard of exposure to benzene and may lead to the increase of potential health risk. Besides, differences in sampling techniques and durations make it hard to compare the outcomes of the studies with health-effects guidelines. The evaluation from this study indicated a diversity of sampling approaches and techniques, pointing to the importance of establishment of standard method for collecting and reporting data, for both exposure and health effects.
Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from a Dairy Cattle Shed in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Moriyama Kaede , Ohtsu Megumi , Miyazaki Akane
Published: October 2019

To clarify the nature and characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from dairy cattle within a cattle shed located in Chiba, Japan, air samples were collected and analyzed for the four seasons in 2017–2018. Thirty-four VOCs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In addition, air temperature and relative humidity inside and outside of the shed were monitored during each sampling campaign to estimate the ventilation rate of the shed. The average concentrations of total VOCs (μg m−3) in the shed in each season were 50.5 (spring), 128.4 (summer), 168.8 (autumn), and 199.5 (winter). Ketones were always the most dominant components followed by alcohols and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The sum of ketones, alcohols, and VFAs accounted for more than 80% of the total VOCs in all seasons. Acetone, 3-pentanone, 1-butanol, and acetic acid were the major components regardless of the season, accounting for more than 60% of the total VOCs. The average emission rates of total VOCs from the shed (μg h−1 kg−1) were calculated to be 623 (spring), 1520 (summer), 585 (autumn) and 469 (winter). The emission rates of almost all the VOCs except alcohols increased exponentially with increase of air temperature in the shed. The ranges of the emission rates for each class of chemical (μg h−1 kg−1) were 39–170 (VFAs), 247–913 (ketones), 65–134 (alcohols), 40–122 (phenols), 10–122 (aldehydes), 4.17–22.3 (sulfur compounds), and 0.0067–0.74 (indoles). Furthermore, the annual emissions of VOCs for a single dairy cattle and for the cattle shed were estimated to be 5.5 kg and 44 kg, respectively.
From the Editors
Authors: Alejziak Wiesław , Szczechowicz Bartosz
Published: October 2019

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Where are the Boundaries of the “Geographical” Approach in the Research on Tourism? Reflections after the Analysis of Articles Published in “Folia Turistica” Journal in the Years 1990-2018
Authors: Kowalczyk Andrzej
Published: October 2019

Purpose. The aim of the article was to assess the place of geography in research, the results of which were published in “Folia Turistica” journal in the years 1990-2018. In the introduction, the author wonders what is characteristic of the subject of geographical research, or what distinguishes it from other areas of knowledge. Assuming that “geographicity” means to include the subject of research in the context of the spatial differentiation of a given phenomenon, the author determined that out of 485 texts published in “Folia Turistica” during the analysed period, 140 correspond to such defined “geographicity”. In the further part of the article, the spatial scale of tourism research conducted from a “geographical” approach was addressed, as well as an attempt to answer the question: what problems were most often faced by the authors of the texts in “Folia Turistica” and from which geographical centres did they originate? Method. After determining which features texts written from a “geographical” approach should have, the article presents the results of the conducted research in this respect, referring to the main problems raised in articles considered as “geographical”. Results. Many of the texts considered to be geographical were written by people who are not formally geographers. In the final conclusions, the author formulated a thesis stating that the border in the method of conducting research between studies on tourism from a geographical position and from the position of other sciences, is often unnoticeable. Research and conclusions limitations. The criteria for the selection of articles, although consistent with the adopted definitions of geography, were subjective. Practical implications. The article refers to other studies concerning the place of individual sciences in the achievements of “Folia Turistica” journal. Originality. The results of the query presented in the article cover all the issues of “Folia Turistica”, including the issue already appearing in the course of writing this article. Type of work. The article is review in nature.
Contribution of “Folia Turistica” Journal to the Development of Research and Popularisation of Economic Knowledge in the Scope of Tourism
Authors: Gołembski Grzegorz
Published: October 2019

Purpose. The aim of the considerations is to evaluate the contribution of scientific articles published in the “Folia Turistica” journal in the years 1990-2018 to the development of research and popularisation of economic knowledge related to management at the micro, mesoand micro-economic level.

Method. For the implementation of the presented objective, scientific articles have been singled out – of all the works published in the given journal – the issues of which form part of the scope of economic sciences. Then, qualitative (expert) analysis of the content of these articles was performed in terms of the research problems undertaken in them, the methods applied for their solution and the results obtained in this manner. Attention was particularly paid to the methodological correctness of the analysed texts and their contribution to the development of economic reflection on the tourist activity of a human being – taking the state of economic knowledge appropriate for the times in which individual articles were created into account.

Findings. As a result of the above procedure, more than 40 scientific articles, strictly economic in nature, published in “Folia ...” were distinguished. These articles were grouped into 6 thematic blocks, which – in general – concerned: (1) the concept of “tourism economy”, (2) macro-economic issues, (3) tourist demand and consumption, (4) tourist region, including sustainable development, (5) the competitiveness of hotel enterprises, and (6) knowledge transfer. Analysis of the content of articles included in each of these thematic blocks revealed that the works published on the pages of “Folia ...” create a broad, yet at the same time, coherent, even comprehensive collection of considerations in the field of tourism management. It is also worth noting that the authors publishing their works in the journal often undertook issues that, at the time of their publication, were innovative; a similar remark concerns the research methods used by them.

Research and conclusions limitations. The assessment of articles in the field of economic sciences published in “Folia ...” is qualitative (expert), thus the formulated conclusions are characterised by subjectivism.

Practical implications. The results of the analysis presented here and the conclusions drawn from them may prove to be useful for the editorial team of the “Folia Turistica” journal - indicating the right directions for undertaking initiatives related to the publishing of thematic issues with an economic profile.

Originality. The article contains an analysis of existing texts. However, due to the ordering nature and the critical view of the texts mentioned in it, it is an original study – relevant to the evaluation of one of the oldest tourist journals in Poland on the development of economic reflection on spatial mobility of people.
The Contribution of ”Folia Turistica” to the Development of Research on Marketing in Tourism
Authors: Żemła Michał
Published: October 2019

Purpose. The aim of the work is to indicate the impact of publications from the “Folia Turistica” journal on the development of knowledge on marketing in tourism in Poland.

Method. The article analyses citability (as of 20 Oct. 2018) of articles published in the journal, addressing marketing issues. However, the article cannot be treated as a typical bibliometric study, because the most important conclusions were derived by deduction.

Findings. From among the very numerous articles published in the “Folia Turistica” issues, those devoted to the problem of marketing in tourism, or at least aspects related to it, are not very numerous. The contribution of this journal to the development of knowledge on marketing in tourism does not result from a large number of publications, but mainly from the publication of several items whose frequency of quoting makes them considered as very important publications (from those published in Poland) in the development of understanding the essence marketing in tourism.

Research and conclusions limitations. In the bibliometric research, the Google Scholar database was used, which although indexes the largest number of Polish scientific journals, is still very incomplete.

Practical implications. The text is an analysis of scientific publications and contains only a few guidelines for practitioners. Such a suggestion may be an indication of particularly scientifically influential texts on marketing in tourism, which may be of interest to economic practitioners.

Originality. So far, this type of analysis has not been conducted in Poland, not only in the case of “Folia Turistica”, but also for other scientific journals related to research in the tourism industry.

Type of work. The article is of review nature.
The Contribution of ”Folia Turistica” to the Development of Research and the Popularisation of Historical Knowledge on the Topic of Tourism
Authors: Roszkowska Ewa
Published: October 2019

Purpose. The main objective of the work is not only to evaluate historical articles published in the “Folia Turistica” journal in 1990-2018, but also the opinion on the importance of the journal in the development and popularisation of historical knowledge on tourism, or more broadly, physical culture.

Method. In the research applied, the method of direct fact finding, external and internal criticism of the published publications and the content analysis technique were used.

Results. Research allowed identification and evaluation of historical articles published in the journal “Folia Turistica”. They have been presented in comparison to the current state of knowledge, which allowed us to state that they are original in nature, in some cases, filling the gap in current knowledge or constituting a basic starting point for further research and historical studies on tourism.

Research and conclusions limitations. The source database is limited to publications in the “Folia Turistica” journal. The conclusions were broadened thanks to referring the content of these articles to the current state of historical knowledge on the history of tourism.

Practical implications. In the article, analysing publications dealing with research on the history of tourism, the possibility of undertaking further historical research in this field is indicated.

Originality. Both the content and the nature of historical publications in the journal have not been subject to in-depth analysis. The article is the first study of this type.

Type of work: The article is a review.
Examining the Factors Contributing to Adolescents’ Online Game Addiction
Authors: Bekir Seyhan , Çelik Eyüp
Published: October 2019

En este estudio, el objetivo fue examinar el nivel de adicción a los juegos en línea entre los estudiantes de secundaria en términos de necesidades psicológicas básicas y búsqueda de sensaciones. El grupo de estudio consistió en 214 estudiantes de secundaria, 150 de los cuales eran hombres y 64 mujeres. Los datos del estudio se recolectaron utilizando la Escala de Adicción a los Juegos en Línea, la Escala de Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas y la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones. La variable dependiente de la investigación es la adicción a los juegos en línea, mientras que las variables independientes son la búsqueda de emoción, las necesidades psicológicas básicas, el género, el tipo de juego en línea que el individuo aprende en línea y el tipo de juego en línea. El análisis de regresión múltiple se utilizó para determinar si las variables independientes predijeron la variable dependiente. De acuerdo con el resultado del análisis de correlación, se ha encontrado que existe una relación positiva y significativa entre la adicción al juego en línea y la búsqueda de sensaciones y las necesidades psicológicas básicas.

In this study, it was aimed to examine the level of online game addiction among high school students in terms of basic psychological needs, sensation seeking and some variables. The study group of the study consisted of 214 high school students, 150 of whom were male and 64 female. Data from the study were collected using the Online Game Addiction Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, and the Sensation Seeking Scale. The dependent variable of the research is the online game addiction, while the independent variables are the search for excitement, basic psychological needs, gender, the type of online game the individual learns online and the type of online game played. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether the independent variables predicted the dependent variable. In addition, it was determined by independent sample t test whether the level of online gaming addiction differed according to sex, and at the same time whether the individual was different according to the type of online game or not was also examined by one way variance analysis. According to the result of correlation analysis, it has been found that there is a positive and significant relationship between online gaming addiction and the sensation seeking and basic psychological needs. Besides, it was also determined that the level of online game addiction differ statistically significantly depending on the variables such as gender, from whom the game was learned and the type of online game.
The evaluation of candidates in a personnel selection: Preference for experience over potential in unfavorable contexts
Authors: Paredes Borja , Del Olmo Samuel , Santos David , Gandarillas Beatriz , Briñol Pablo
Published: October 2019

The present research´s main goal is to find out how one responds to the organizational context and the candidate profile in a job candidate evaluation context. With that purpose, we ran an experiment with a sample of participants trained in personnel selection. Participants first received a message in which it was specified that the future of a given organization was unfavorable or favorable. Then, participants were asked to evaluate a potential job candidate to join such organization. The candidate was described in terms of her high previous experience or in terms of her high potential as a professional. Our a priori hypothesis was that there would be a higher preference for experience relative to potential, particularly under unfavorable context. As predicted, results showed that under unfavorable contextual conditions, attitudes towards the candidate were more favorable when the job candidate was portrayed in terms of experience (vs potential). Under favorable contextual conditions, attitudes towards the candidate did not vary as a function of her profile.
A trial of a school-based cognitive behaviour program for anxiety on 4th Generation Immigrants
Authors: Direktör Cemaliye
Published: October 2019

El propósito del estudio en esta dirección es examinar la efectividad del programa de comportamiento cognitivo basado en la escuela para reducir los niveles de ansiedad de los niños entre los 9 y los 10 años de edad. En la investigación se utilizó un patrón experimental con un grupo de control de prueba previa / prueba posterior. El estudio se realizó en 36 participantes que se dividieron en 3 grupos de 12 alumnos, uno de los cuales fue un grupo experimental y dos de los cuales fueron grupos de control. Se utilizó la "Escala de Ansiedad Infantil de Spence" para determinar el nivel de ansiedad. El tamaño del impacto se ha determinado en un 56,3% para el grupo experimental. Los resultados del estudio muestran que el programa de comportamiento cognitivo basado en la escuela es eficaz.

The purpose of the study in this direction is to examine the effectiveness of the school-based cognitive behaviour program on the reduction in anxiety levels of children at 9-10 years of age. An experimental pattern with pre-test/post-test control group was used in the research. The study was conducted on 36 participants who were divided into 3 groups of 12 pupils, one of which was experiment group and two of which were control groups. “Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale” was used in order to determine the anxiety level. The impact size has been determined as 56.3% for experiment group. The results of the study show that school-based cognitive behaviour program is effective.
The Use of Correlated Binomial Distribution in Estimating Error Rates for Firearm
Evidence Identification
Authors: Zhang Nien Fan
Published: October 2019

In the branch of forensic science known as firearm evidence identification,
estimating error rates is a fundamental challenge. Recently, a new quantitative
approach known as the congruent matching cells (CMC) method was developed to improve
the accuracy of ballistic identifications and provide a basis for estimating error
rates. To estimate error rates, the key is to find an appropriate probability
distribution for the relative frequency distribution of observed CMCs overlaid on a
relevant measured firearm surface such as the breech face of a cartridge case.
Several probability models based on the assumption of independence between cell pair
comparisons have been proposed, but the assumption of independence among the cell
pair comparisons from the CMC method may not be valid. This article proposes
statistical models based on dependent Bernoulli trials, along with corresponding
methodology for parameter estimation. To demonstrate the potential improvement from
the use of the dependent Bernoulli trial model, the methodology is applied to an
actual data set of fired cartridge cases.
Local Authorial Voice and Global Authorial Voice in Community-Authored Knowledge Organization Systems
Authors: Holstrom Chris
Published: October 2019

Folksonomies are crowdsourced knowledge organization systems that rose to popularity during Web 2.0 and that are still actively used today. This crowdsourced approach to knowledge organization moves authorial voice from an individual expert or small group of experts to the community. What does it mean to have many voices contribute to a knowledge organization system? Do community members create a collective authorial voice? Are minority opinions more readily included? How does access to information, especially “long tail” information, change? This paper explores these questions by examining authorial voice in community-authored knowledge organization systems (CAKOS) and expert-authored knowledge organization systems (EAKOS).
Integrating Practical and Epistemic Actors: Co-Constructing a Knowledge Organization System to Address Housing Insecurity in West Philadelphia
Authors: Stein Samantha , Nicholas Diana Susan , Michael Yvonne , Nguyen Thanh My , Giordano Kristen
Published: October 2019

In response to colonial legacies of divisiveness and paternalism underpinning the development of knowledge organization systems (KOS) and thus impeding their appeal, accessibility, and usefulness to diverse stakeholders (Castleden, Morgan, and Lamb, 2012), this case study explores the challenges and opportunities inherent to the design of a malleable, sustainable KOS as part of an mHealth tool called Map the Gap. Map the Gap intends to reduce the burden of housing insecurity in West Philadelphia. By examining the active cultivation of communal ties between the “epistemic” and “practical” actors (Callon, 4, 2004) who substantiate Map the Gap, as well as the sociotechnical infrastructure which shapes and is shaped by such ties, the processes of collaboration underpinning functionality decisions are delineated. This paper reflects on the way KOS sociotechnical structures defy and challenge traditional academic and community models of research and development, thus requiring a unique, temporally-conscious embracement of select and dynamic collaborations. By elucidating and evaluating the considerations and practices central to Map the Gap, we seek to yield a template for cultivating healthy KOS sociotechnical structures.
Por uma didática decolonial: aproximações teóricas e elementos categoriais
Authors: Dias Alder , ABREU Waldir Ferreira de
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tematiza a didática, enquanto campo do conhecimento da Pedagogia e como espaço importante de estudo e discussão do pensamento decolonial com vistas a construção de uma didática decolonial. Tem-se como objetivo explicitar elementos teóricos que contribuem com a constituição de uma didática decolonial. Consiste em uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Entre os referenciais teóricos constam autores do pensamento decolonial e da didática crítica intercultural. Abordam-se elementos históricos e conceituais que demarcam o pensamento decolonial, a pedagogia decolonial e a didática crítica intercultural, que possibilitam o desvelar epistemológico de realidades invisibilizadas, de enfrentamento crítico ao paradigma moderno/colonial e as relações de colonialidade formadas nos movimentos hegemônicos mundiais, forjados desde o processo de conquista das Américas. Retoma-se o pensamento de Candau desde a proposta de uma didática fundamental na década de 1980 aos dias atuais, momento em que defende uma didática crítica intercultural. No diálogo com esse percurso, propõe-se a didática decolonial. Conclui-se, entre outros elementos, que uma prática didática decolonial precisa assumir a alteridade como pressuposto ético-político-educativo, sobretudo considerando os sujeitos historicamente marginalizados, oprimidos e subalternizados da sociedade e do sistema educacional, comumente imersos em lógicas opressoras, monoculturalistas e instrumentais.
“Manda Quem Pode”, a violência como ressonância do crime de pedofilia
Authors: Rocha Telma Brito
Published: October 2019

Os crimes praticados no ciberespaço, entre eles, a pedofilia, ganham relevância significativa no momento em que vivemos a amplitude e a intensificação de interações on-line. O presente texto tem como objetivo analisar o episódio “Manda Quem Pode”, da série Black Mirror que produz um pensamento crítico sobre a violência, a cultura, o social e o político na contemporaneidade. Através dessa história ficcional, analiso a pedofilia on-line, e a ressonância da violência virtual, bem como, os cuidados on-line que devemos ter com a navegação de crianças e adolescentes na rede internet. Os discursos sobre a violência apresentados no episódio nos revelam com clareza o poder das redes digitais, na disseminação e no aumento da visibilidade de um acontecimento. A proposta de desenvolvimento do trabalho foi apoiada na abordagem qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso, dos personagens, seus discursos, situações, a violência e a pedofilia no episódio.
Facebook Dating: discussões sobre impactos sociais do novo recurso tecnológico do Facebook
Authors: Teixeira Pollyana Ferrari , Hallage Mariana Leonhardt
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo visa analisar impactos sociais que alguns recursos tecnológicosexercem sobre o contexto contemporâneo, tendo como objeto o Facebook Dating,nova ferramenta da rede social digital Facebook, dedicada a incentivarrelacionamentos afetivos entre usuários da rede que tenham afinidade, de acordocom seus dados que deixam rastros na plataforma. Tendo como pano de fundo atecnologia ubíqua, que permeia o cotidiano de pessoas interconectadas e comacesso a dispositivos móveis inteligentes, são discutidos alguns pontos cruciaisdessa interação, como a participação dos usuários, o condicionamento de suasimagens pessoais para serem parte dessa rede, o monitoramento via geolocalizaçãodemandado pelo aplicativo, a hiperexposição e a obscenidade das imagens,evidenciando uma sociedade transparente e, principalmente, a problemática doFacebook deter um enorme banco de dados sobre usuários.
ImageJ and 3D Slicer: open source 2/3D morphometric software
Authors: Pye Fiona , Raja Nussaȉbah B , Shirley Bryan , Kocsis Ádám T , Hohmann Niklas , Murdock Duncan J E , Jarochowska Emilia
Published: October 2019

In a world where an increasing number of resources are hidden behind paywalls and monthly subscriptions, it is becoming crucial for the scientific community to invest energy into freely available, community-maintained systems. Open-source software projects offer a solution, with freely available code which users can utilise and modify, under an open source licence. In addition to software accessibility and methodological repeatability, this also enables and encourages the development of new tools.

As palaeontology moves towards data driven methodologies, it is becoming more important to acquire and provide high quality data through reproducible systematic procedures. Within the field of morphometrics, it is vital to adopt digital methods that help mitigate human bias from data collection. In addition, mathematically founded approaches can reduce subjective decisions which plague classical data. This can be further developed through automation, which increases the efficiency of data collection and analysis.

With these concepts in mind, we introduce two open-source shape analysis software, that arose from projects within the medical imaging field. These are ImageJ, an image processing program with batch processing features, and 3D Slicer which focuses on 3D informatics and visualisation. They are easily extensible using common programming languages, with 3D Slicer containing an internal python interactor, and ImageJ allowing the incorporation of several programming languages within its interface alongside its own simplified macro language. Additional features created by other users are readily available, on GitHub or through the software itself.

In the examples presented, an ImageJ plugin “FossilJ” has been developed which provides semi-automated morphometric bivalve data collection. 3D Slicer is used with the extension SPHARM-PDM, applied to synchrotron scans of coniform conodonts for comparative morphometrics, for which small assistant tools have been created in Python.
Stratigraphy and Toarcian marine fauna (ammonites and brachiopods) of the South Rifian Ridges, northern Morocco
Authors: Benzaggagh Mohamed
Published: October 2019

The South Rifian Ridges (25 km north of Meknes) corresponds to several small to medium size massifs with Triassic to Middle Jurassic (Bojocian) deposits widely covered by upper Miocene marls. Faugères (1978) has distinguished in this area three lithostratigraphic units equivalent to three paleogeographic domains, which are from the periphery to the center of the Jurassic basin: Peripheral unit, consisting of two formations: red silty clays with evaporates of Triassic (100m) and Liassic neritic limestones (100m); Intermediate unit, more complete, showing in addition of the two previous formations, a thick series (300m) of Toarcian to Middle Bajocian, constituted of silty marl-limestones, sandstones and bioclastic or oolitic limestones, often with benthic fauna; and Central unit, corresponding to the axial zone of the South Rifian basin, showing pelagic deposits from the lower Pliensbachian to the Middle Bajocian. In this unit, particularly to the east and the west of Jbel Dehar En Nsour anticline, Faugères (1974, 1978), and Elmi and Faugères (1974) reported some Toarcian ammonite specimens. For its pelagic facies often rich in ammonites, we were interested in the study of the Toarcian sequence and faunal assemblages of this unit. More than ten outcrop sections were sampled bed-by-bed. The main collected ammonite species: Calliphylloceras nilssoni, Cleviceras aff. exaratum, Dactylioceras laticostatum, D. simplex, D. (Orthodactylites) semicelatum, Juraphyllites (Meneghiniceras) lariense, Lioceratoides serotinus, Maconiceras soloniacense, Neolioceratoides schopeni, Protogrammoceras paltum and Harpoceratinae indet., allowed characterizing the Mirabile and Semicelatum subzones of the Polymorphum Zone and have already been described and illustrated in Bardin et al. (2015). Belemnite specimens: Passaloteuthis bisulcata and P. zieteni of the same stratigraphic levels were also the subject of the article, Sanders al. (2013) and a palynological study on the same sections was realized by Chahidi et al. (2016). Recent investigations allowed to collect a new interesting paleontological material composed of lower Toarcian pyritic ammonites and middle to upper Toarcian brachiopods (Rhynchonellidae, Zelleridae, and Terebratulidae), currently under study.
Linking spatial patterns of terrestrial herbivore community structure to trophic interactions
Authors: Bubnicki Jakub Witold , Churski Marcin , Schmidt Krzysztof , Diserens Tom A , Kuijper Dries PJ
Published: October 2019

Large herbivores influence ecosystem functioning via their effects on vegetation at different spatial scales. It is often overlooked that the spatial distribution of large herbivores results from their responses to interacting top-down and bottom-up ecological gradients that create landscape-scale variation in the structure of the entire community. We studied the complexity of these cascading interactions using high-resolution camera trapping and remote sensing data in the best-preserved European lowland forest, Białowieża Forest, Poland. We showed that the variation in spatial distribution of an entire community of large herbivores is explained by species-specific responses to both environmental bottom-up and biotic top-down factors in combination with human-induced (cascading) effects. We decomposed the spatial variation in herbivore community structure and identified functionally distinct landscape-scale herbivory regimes (‘herbiscapes’), which are predicted to occur in a variety of ecosystems and could be an important mechanism creating spatial variation in herbivory maintaining vegetation heterogeneity.
Balancing model-based and memory-free action selection under competitive pressure
Authors: Kikumoto Atsushi , Mayr Ulrich
Published: October 2019

In competitive situations, winning depends on selecting actions that surprise the opponent. Such unpredictable action can be generated based on representations of the opponent’s strategy and choice history (model-based counter-prediction) or by choosing actions in a memory-free, stochastic manner. Across five different experiments using a variant of a matching-pennies game with simulated and human opponents we found that people toggle between these two strategies, using model-based selection when recent wins signal the appropriateness of the current model, but reverting to stochastic selection following losses. Also, after wins, feedback-related, mid-frontal EEG activity reflected information about the opponent’s global and local strategy, and predicted upcoming choices. After losses, this activity was nearly absent—indicating that the internal model is suppressed after negative feedback. We suggest that the mixed-strategy approach allows negotiating two conflicting goals: 1) exploiting the opponent’s deviations from randomness while 2) remaining unpredictable for the opponent.
I’m Sorry for My Bad English: Why Does EFL Learner Say It?
Authors: Azmah Bilfirdausi Sabanta
Published: October 2019

Generally, people are apologizing after they make a mistake or do certain acts which offense others. But the context in which the apology needs to be said in every culture can be different. Therefore, EFL learners may fail to use appropriate apology strategy within the context since they are interfered by their L1 culture. However, the case of Richy, an adult EFL learner originally from Java, is a bit different. He apologizes by saying “I’m sorry for my bad English” before he starts speaking. This unique phenomenon leads me to observe and interview him to gain an answer to what factors which might affect him to do so and how that act will influence his speaking. The result shows that Richy’s act was affected by cultural and psychological aspects where he got a pragmalinguistic failure in using his speech act of apology and tried to reach his need for safety through it. By reaching his need, he felt more motivated and gained his self-efficacy in delivering his speech.