bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alluvial plain morphostratigraphy affected by recent mud and debris flows: a study in the Jacareí River basin (southern coast of Brazil)
Authors: Paz Otacílio Lopes de Souza da , Paula Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Sedimentary records are important to understand the evolution of river systems. Morphostratigraphic studies associate sedimentary records with landforms. Mud and debris flows, common in the Serra do Mar mountain range, have a marked impact on the morphostratigraphy of adjacent alluvial plains. The objective of this study was to analyze morphostratigraphic units in an alluvial plain affected by recent mud and debris flows. The study area was the Jacareí River alluvial plain (coast of Paraná State, Brazil) which was hit by extreme gravitational events in March 2011. Geospatial and field survey data were analyzed in a GIS environment to produce a morphostratigraphic map. Units were identified in three contexts: formed earlier than 2011, formed by the 2011 mud and debris flows, and formed after 2011. The deposits instantly formed in 2011 present rocks and pebbles (debris flows) and massive sandy facies (mud flows), with a thickness of between 0.5 and 1 meter. They are easily identified due to abrupt changes in particle size, color, presence of roots, and quantity of organic matter. The results shed light on the evolutionary processes at work in the Jacareí River coastal plain landscape, withthe 2011 event representing a phase of the sedimentary cycle of alluvial plains along the Serra do Mar mountain range.
Investigation of the Structure of Waves Generated by a $\delta$-perturbation of the Surface of a Capillary Jet
Authors:   Keldysh Research Center, Safronov A. A.
Published: October 2022

The wave capillary flow of the surface of an inviscid capillary jet, initiated by a single $\delta$-perturbation of its surface, is studied. It is shown that the wave pattern has a complex structure. The perturbation generates both fast traveling damped waves and a structure of nonpropagating exponentially growing waves. The structure of self-similar traveling waves is investigated. It is shown that there are three independent families of such self-similar solutions. The characteristics of the structure of nonpropagating exponentially growing waves are calculated. The characteristic time of formation of such a structure is determined.
Direct Numerical Simulation of Fully Developed Turbulent Gas–Particle Flow in a Duct
Authors:   Baltic State Technical University “Voenmeh” named after D. F. Ustinov, Emelyanov V. N. ,   Baltic State Technical University “Voenmeh” named after D. F. Ustinov, Volkov K. N.
Published: October 2022

Direct numerical simulation of a fully developed turbulent flow of a viscous compressible fluid containing spherical solid particles in a channel is carried out. The formation of regions with an increased concentration of solid particles in a fully developed turbulent flow in a channel with solid walls is considered. The fluid flow is simulated with unsteady three-dimensional Navier – Stokes equations. The discrete trajectory approach is applied to simulate the motion of particles. The distributions of the mean and fluctuating characteristics of the fluid flow and distribution of the concentration of the dispersed phase in the channel are discussed. The formation of regions with an increased concentration of particles is associated with the instantaneous distribution of vorticity in the near-wall region of the channel. The results of numerical simulation are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the available data of physical and computational experiments.
Characterization of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Genotypes by using DUS Test Guidelines
Authors: Balaji S. Kulkarni S. Seemanthini , Amreen Taj Rajiv Kumar
Published: October 2022

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. is one of the important minor flower crops in India. It is used extensively as loose flower, specimen and hedge planting in commercial landscape. But hibiscus used extensively in pharmaceutical and confectionary industry. The presentation investigation was carried out at the Department of Floriculture and landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru during 2018-2020 by considering the DUS Guidelines developed by Community Plant variety Office, the International Union for the protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) in Geneva, Switzerland. A total of 30 Hibiscus rosa-siensis L. genotypes were accessed for thirty traits which includes both vegetative and floral parameters. Considering the growth habit, 10 accessions were belonging to semi-upright group, 7 were to spreading habit, 9 grouped into upright growth habit and four of them showed drooping habit. Among thirty genotypes, BHC 18 is having variegated leaf type all others were non-variegated. In the same manner BHC 27 got double flower type and rest of them are single flower type.
Molecular Detection of Bovine Papilloma Virus in Wart Tissues of Bovine Species
Authors: Chavan D. , Muglikar Dushyant , Tumlam U. M. , Barate Abhijit , Dhaigude S. , Budhe M. S. , Mhase P. P.
Published: October 2022

Bovine papillomatosis (BP) is a contagious, chronic proliferative disease characterized by warts or papillomas. Different genotypes of BPV have been implicated in various parts of the world. The majority of animal cutaneous warts were found to be caused by both BPV-1 and BPV-2 types, as well as co-infection or mixed infection of these two genotypes. This study was concentrated on identifying BPV1 and BPV 2 viral types as disease etiologies. The prevalence of the BPV1 genotype was investigated using PCR to target the L1 gene (301bp). The wart tissue was found to be 100% positive for the BPV-1 genotype but negative for the BPV-2 genotype. The BPV 1 genotype was found to have the greatest impact on the young age group of female cattle of the HF cross breed. Histopathology was performed on ten typical wart tissues. Six papillomas and four fibropapillomas were discovered microscopically in tissue sections.
Pathogenic Biota of Wastewater of Ganja
Authors: Hasanova Sima , Agayeva Nigar , Huseynov Anar
Published: October 2022

The presented work is devoted to the study of microbiological and parasitological parameters to determine the state of agrophytocoenoses irrigated with wastewater discharged from Ganja, the second largest city in the Republic of Azerbaijan. It has been established that the main factors contributing to the effective transmission of pathogens during irrigation with wastewater are: prolonged presence of the pathogen in the environment; low minimum infectious dose; weak or very low immunity; ingestion by other means, such as food and water, and poor personal or household hygiene. It has been found that there are many public health risks associated with wastewater irrigation. Thus, the lack of wastewater treatment facilities in Ganja aggravates the situation. Microbiological studies show that each intestinal microbe is found in the wastewater of Ganja. It has been clarified that parasites belonging to three classes of invertebrates: cestodes or tapeworms, trematodes or flukes and nematode or roundworms can be considered more widespread parasites in the studied waters.
Efficacy of Multigluconeogenic Precursor Supplementation on Augmenting Blood Glucose and Milk Yield in Postpartum Dairy Cattle
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Chauhan Sumit Singh
Published: October 2022

The objective of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of multi-gluconeogenic precursor supplementation (Bovicharge®, M/S Carus Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., contains multi-gluconeogenic precursors namely propylene glycol, glycerol and sodium propionate) on blood glucose concentrations and milk yield in postpartum cross bred cows. Ten days prior to expected calving, 20 cows were randomly assigned to either control group (n=10) orthe treatment group (n=10). Cows in the control group were fed ration without any supplementation, while ration of cows enrolled in the treatment group were supplemented with 400 ml of the mixture of multi-gluconeogenic precursors (Bovicharge®) on the day of calving and thereafter 200 ml once orally per day for three consecutive days after calving. Blood samples by jugular venipuncture were obtained from each cowat one week prior to the expected day of calving, on the day of calving and on 2nd, 4th and 6th days postpartum for estimation of blood glucose. Daily milk production was also recorded on the day of calving, and on 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 7th days after calving. It was observed that treatment group cows (Bovicharge®treated cows) had higher blood glucose levels at all the postpartum observations. The milk production on 7th day of calving was significantly higher in cows of the treatment group compared to control group. Hence, it is concluded that feeding of recommended dosage of mixture of multi-gluconeogenic precursors at the time of calving improved blood glucose level and the milk production, and may also help in prevention of ketosis in postpartum dairy cows.
Gladiolus Hybrids for Commercial Traits and their Evaluation
Authors: Swaroop Kishan , Singh Kanwar Pal , Kumar Arun
Published: October 2022

The present experiments were conducted with twenty-eight gladiolus hybrids along with check at the research farm of the Division of Floriculture & Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during the year 2021-22 to study the gladiolus hybrids for commercial traits and their performance and suitability for commercialization and profitability. The mean performance of gladiolus hybrids data were highly significant for all the traits studied. The results indicated that early flowering was observed in hybrids such as Chandni x Snow Princess, P-16-1 x Eurovision, Melody Open Seedlings and High Hopes Open Seedlings and its range was from 76.00 – 88.33 days after planting, whereas, late flowering was observed in hybrids such as Rose Time Steam Boat x GreenWillow (114.66 day), Swarnima x Viola (111.00 day) and Candyman x Anjali (107.00 day) respectively. Maximum plant height 145.33 cm, 133.00 cm, 131.33 cm, 131.00 cm and 130.66 cm were recorded in Green Pasture x Regency, Smokey Lady x HeadyWine, Salmon Queen Open Seedlings, Canada x GreenWillow and American Beauty x GreenWillow respectively. Number of florets per spike more than 19 was received in hybrid AVE x Mayur, Vidushi Mutant, Mayur x Howard, Pearl Beauty x Lucky Shamrock, Mayur x GreenWillow and Green Lilac Open Seedlings respectively. Maximum number of corms per plant was seen in many hybrids such as Smokey Lady x Oscar, Chandni x Snow Princess, Vidushi Mutant, Canada x GreenWillow, Candyman x Anjali, Salmon Queen Open Seedlings and Melody Open Seedlings respectively as compare to remaining hybrids and check. Hybrids Smokey Lady x HeadyWine, Vidushi Mutant and Canada x GreenWillow had produced maximum number of cormels as 77.33, 74.66, and 72.00 respectively as compare to other hybrids.
A Review on Aeration Process and Different Types of Aerators Used in Various Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Deka Kuldeep , Bordoloi Dipika , Khound Amar J , Bharali Manas J. , Chelleng Racktackshree
Published: October 2022

In any aquaculture plant maintaining dissolve oxygen (DO) level is essential for the better health and survival of the living organisms present in the water body specially fish. DO level can be maintained by aeration process. The general idea behind aeration is to bring the water into intimate contact with the air. Either the water may be discharged into free air or the air may be forced into water. Aeration process also removes light volatile organic compounds, dissolve gases and fix odor, taste etc. in case of drinking water. Some common Apparatus used includes: low cascades, multiple jet fountains throwing water to considerable heights, spray nozzles discharging above the surface of a reservoir, superimposed trays or shelves, submerged perforated pipes, and porous tubes and plates.There are two ways, standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) and standard aeration efficiency (SAE) of describing aerator performance. In selection of aerators for aeration in fish culture tank, durability and good standard aeration efficiency (SAE) value is too important moreover in case of aerators high standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) is important for the better growth of aquatic animals present in water. This article gives a review of different types of aerators used in aeration process based on various basis.
To Study the constraints faced by the women associated with SHGs in Satna district of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Sanjay Kumar Amit Singh Karchuli , Amit Tiwari Vikas Singh
Published: October 2022

The study the constraints faced by the women associated with SHGs in Satna district of Madhya Pradesh was conducted in agriculture year 2021-22.mutlisatge sampling technique was used. The study pertains to the major constraints faced by the womens are gender dominance, Lack of men confidence to women, Responsibility of family, being much busy to work at home, Less literacy, Lack of technical knowledge and Lack of guidance for group formation.
Being the Master of Myself : Pelatihan Emotional Intelligence untuk Meningkatkan Psychological Well-Being Asisten Dosen
Authors: Yovita Setiawan Yuan , Arliansyah Emilia
Published: October 2022

Assistant lecturers have a duty as students as well as have additional responsibilities as a bridge between lecturers and students. These heavy duties and obligations carried by assistant lecturer impacted their psychological well being. This training carries emotional intelligence as a variable that can improve the psychological well being of assistant lecturers. This research will use one group pre-post test experimental design. 21 people participated on this training. The t-test results showed a significance of .169 (p > .05) which meant there was no significant difference in psychological well being level after training. Some factors that influence the unsuccessful emotional intelligence training in improving psychological well being are the use of trait emotional intelligence models, duration of the training, stress levels and education levels of training participants.
The Quest for New Digital Skills for Opera Artists and Opera Companies during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yende Sakhiseni Joseph
Published: October 2022

The coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has emerged as a global phenomenon that significantly affects almost all sectors, irrespective of whether they have a well-established economic system. The inception of COVID-19 pandemic has increased and accelerated the demand for opera industry embrace digit technology to continue to produce performances and reach audiences. The brutality of the Covid-19 pandemic has affected most sectors, and opera artists are significantly affected in the Global South. South Africa, among others, is at the receiving end. The Covid-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc and exacerbated the existing vulnerability of opera artists. Opera artists have difficulty obtaining employment and finding funding for performing arts organisations have caused seriously challenged opera artists to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is aimed to examine the quest for new digital skills for opera artists and opera companies during the Covid-19 pandemic. A qualitative research method was adopted using interviews with opera artists, selected retired opera practitioners and managers of opera companies. In this study, scholarly documents were reviewed to yield trustworthy findings. The findings demonstrate a high demand for opera artists to upgrade their current skills to meet the demand for digital skills. This demand for digital skills is partially attributable to the closed and suspension of live theatre performances due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings also reveal that digital connectivity in the performing arts sector become an essential driver of economic growth. This study concludes by affirming that digital skills are key skills required for resuscitating the opera industry.
Introducing the Humanization Hypothesis: A Framework for Measuring the Behavior of Institutions
Authors: Al Fozaie Mohammad
Published: October 2022

How important are institutions for the development of nations? Are there any existing measures which quantify the behavior of institutions? Is there any theoretical justification for measuring their behavior? This paper introduces a framework influenced by Plato’s needs theory to provide justification for measuring the behavior of institutions. This involves introducing the humanization hypothesis which states that the behavior of institutions can be measured as they, similar to human beings, are living entities with similar hierarchical needs which are essential for their survival. The paper employs an explanatory and descriptive research design which is highly theoretical in nature.
Ellagic Acid Derivatives: Possible Drugs Against Metapneumovirus?
Authors: Artamonova Ekaterina Andreevna , Abdullatypov Azat Vadimovich
Published: October 2022

Human metapneumovirus is one of major causes of common cold among children, especially infants. Its key enzyme is RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase, which performs both replication and transcription, including capping and cap methylation. The goal of the work is to find possible inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase across the active compounds of Rosaceae plants. The candidates were selected by molecular docking to cap-transferring domain of RNA-polymerase (PDB ID: 4UCZ) in Autodock VINA. Among all the substances tested by docking, ellagic acid derivatives showed the most promising results (affinity values below -10 kcal/mol). Hence, they could be treated as possible candidate drugs against metapneumoviral infection after experimental examination. The main advantage of using these substances should be their low toxicity, which is quite uncommon for selective RNA polymerase inhibitors used in clinical practice. Occurrence of ellagic acid derivatives among the plants from Rosaceae family like raspberry could explain their effect during common cold.
Turbulent flow simulation near fixed drone propeller using immersed boundary method
Authors: Tsvetkova Valeriia Olegovna
Published: October 2022

Current paper investigates the possibility of modeling the flow near the drone propeller on a simply connected mesh using the immersed boundary method and calculating its aerodynamic characteristics. An important part of the technique is the moving mesh adaptation to the surface of a streamlined body that retains its topology. The position and shape of the body are given by an interpolation grid, which stores the function of the distance to the body surface, as well as a number of geometry parameters. The method described in this paper is usually used to simulate flow near moving bodies, but here a stationary formulation is considered to assess the possibilities of using the proposed method for modeling flow near bodies of complex shapes where there are areas of high curvature and thin edges. For the proposed formulation of the problem, the results of the calculation carried out by the classical method on a body-fitted mesh and the results of modeling obtained using the method of immersed boundaries on a simply connected mesh are presented. The paper compares the results of these approaches, evaluates the possibility of using the immersed boundary method in combination with mesh adaptation to simulate the flow around bodies of complex shapes, and identifies the weaknesses of the proposed approach.
The Role of Teacher's Pedagogic Competence in Cultivating Character Based on Scientific Learning in Elementary Schools
Authors: Mukhlisah Siti , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah
Published: October 2022

The role of teacher pedagogical competence in character building is the teacher's ability to design and implement learning that educates and is adapted to existing character values, and can direct the potential of students and evaluate learning. The purpose of this study 1). Analyzing the role of teacher pedagogical competence in character building based on scientific learning at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Tulangan, 2) Analyzing what factors support and hinder the cultivation of scientific-based character. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. The research subjects were class III homeroom teachers, principals of SD Muhammadiyah 2 Tulangan and administrative staff. Data collection techniques using 1) Observation 2) Interview 3) Documentation. While the data analysis technique used the data triangulation technique. ,and has been made with a variety of techniques and methods that are interesting and fun. 2) Factors that influence character building in SD Muhammadiyah Tulangan are internal and external factors, namely the collaboration between teachers and parents. 

Highlights:

Teacher pedagogical competence plays a crucial role in character building through adaptable and value-based learning.

Factors influencing character building include internal and external elements, with collaboration between teachers and parents being vital.

This study utilizes qualitative research with descriptive methods, employing observation, interviews, and documentation for data collection and triangulation.

Keywords: Teacher pedagogical competence, Character building, Scientific learning, Qualitative research, Data triangulation
Analysis of the Implementation of Responsible Character in Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Novi Dewi Noviastuti , Amrullah Muhlasin
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the character of responsibility in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic. This research method uses a literature study method (meta analysis), which is a series of activities related to data collection methods obtained from literature reviews or library data. Data collection techniques are taken through searching articles, journals, or references that are relevant to the research topic. The subjects in this study are various written data sources that will be used as references in this study. The results show that in 2019 the emergence of the covid-19 virus was found, many people around the world were restless because of the impact of the virus, especially in the world of education. Currently, the learning period which is usually done face-to-face has been changed to online learning to prevent the increase in the number of COVID-19. The ongoing online learning system is carried out between teachers and students who do not meet face to face. this makes students less active in participating in learning activities and the character of student responsibility decreases marked by students who do not do assignments. These problems can be overcome through the implementation of character education. The implementation needs cooperation with parents so that the character of student responsibility can be formed in accordance with the expected goals.Keywords. Covid-19 virus ;Online learning; the character of responsibility; implementation of character education
Implementation of Scouting Extracurricular Activities during the Covid19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Chasbullah Wahib , Rindaningsih Ida
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation, advantages and disadvantages of Scout Extracurricular Activities carried out during the covid19 pandemic at SD Negeri Gebang 1 Kec. Sidoarjo. This research is in the form of a qualitative descriptive study by presenting data obtained by conducting interviews, observations and conducting a study of school documentation in the form of reports and the like. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the implementation of scouting extracurricular activities at SD Negeri Gebang 1 Kec. Sidoarjo are (1) Learning that is applied to Scouting Extracurricular activities during the covid19 pandemic using the online system as the best alternative. Although scouting extracurricular activities have been going on since before the covid19 pandemic (2) The application of scouting extracurricular activities during a pandemic with an online system has advantages, namely being efficient, saving time and energy, learning can be done anywhere, students can be more relaxed in participating in learning, learning can in the settings according to the agreement. While the weakness is that parents and students are not ready for an online system, requiring students to have internet access, limited access to ownership of communication tools owned by students, delivery of material by coaches and reception of material by scout members cannot run optimally, and there are time constraints. in using the application. These findings provide input for educators, students and parents to better prepare themselves in participating in learning models both online and offline. On the other hand, it is also necessary to develop, innovate and increase the creativity of educators in carrying out learning such as using the blended method, by combining the Online-Offline system for learning.
Development of E-modules as Learning Modules in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Khasanah Siti Uswatun , Untari Rahmania Sri
Published: October 2022

A person's dependence on technology that can occur outside and within the scope of the school, students are required to be smart in filtering information obtained from cyberspace. The first objective of this research is to produce a product in the form of an e-module as a learning module in SMK and the second objective is to determine the development and feasibility of the e-module that has been developed. The development model used is the ADDIE model which consists of five stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The results of the analysis carried out by the researcher is that there are problems in the learning process, namely when learning the teacher distributes material in the form of different media. This becomes a problem for students and teachers in the learning process. Like opening from one application to another, it makes students feel difficult when learning takes place, so learning becomes less effective. Based on the results of the development, it was found that the development of e-modules as learning modules in Vocational High Schools was recognized for its feasibility as a learning medium. The results of the media validator get a percentage of 88% with a very decent category, the results of material expert validation get a percentage of 80% with a decent category and student responses get a score of 88% with a very decent category.
The Effect of Project Based Learning Model on Science Learning Outcomes for Grade 4 Elementary School
Authors: Nafik Isya , Efendi Nur
Published: October 2022

This research is motivated by the lack of educators' innovation in the implementation of learning, so that the intensity of student involvement in learning activities is very little. This can be a trigger for the low learning outcomes of students. This study aims to determine the effect of the Project Based Learning model on science learning outcomes for Grade 4 SD Muhammadiyah 2 Krian. This research is an experimental quantitative study with the design of the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This research was conducted on two samples, namely class 4 Al - Aziz which amounted to 20 students as the control class and class 4 Al - Jabbar which amounted to 20 students as the experimental class. The data collection technique in this study used a test that aims to measure the cognitive abilities or learning outcomes of students. Data analysis in this study used the t-test. The results after being calculated using the t-test Paired Sample T Test with the help of SPSS v.24 found that the sig. 2- Teiled < 0.05, ie 0.000. So it can be stated that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is an effect of the Project Based Learning model on the learning outcomes of 4th grade science at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Krian.
Old Post reevaluation, Fort Huachuca, AZ
Authors: Schmidt Aaron , Smith Adam , Tooker Megan , Adams Sunny
Published: October 2022

The US Congress codified the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA), the nation’s most effective cultural resources legislation to date, mostly through establishing the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The NHPA requires Federal agencies to address their cultural resources, which are defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. Section 110 of the NHPA requires Federal agencies to inventory and evaluate their cultural resources, and Section 106 requires them to determine the effect of Federal undertakings on those potentially eligible for the NRHP. Fort Huachuca is situated at the foot of the Huachuca Mountains in southern Cochise County, Arizona. It is located approximately 15 miles north of the border with Mexico and 75 miles southeast of Tucson. It was founded in 1877 as a frontier cavalry fort and remains one of the oldest military installations in the West. The objective of this report is to inventory the real property within Fort Huachuca’s Old Post, the historic core of the installation. Each resource is enumerated and accompanied by a list of reports discussing its potential NHL or NRHP eligibility. Subsequently, each resource is accompanied by a short description, which includes its location and current status within the recently created Old Post Historic District.
A Retrospective Review of the International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF)
Authors: Mubarrok Ujang Syahrul , Rahmawati Zufia , Dzikrulloh Dzikrulloh
Published: October 2022

This study analyzes the articles published by IJIEF using a bibliometric analysis of data from the 52 papers that were published between 2018 and 2019. The VOSviewer software was used to illustrate the research topic map. The result showed that IJIEF published 52 articles with an average of 24.81 pages per article. IJIEF articles related to fintech and Islamic banks had the most citations. Furthermore, most authors preferred to publish their results in a collaborative mode than the single authorship mode. Authors and institutions from Malaysia are the largest contributors to IJIEF articles. The topics widely discussed in articles include Islamic banks and Islamic finance, as well as the Granger causality. These findings are expected to be useful for the editorial board to improve the publication of their articles.
Comparative Study of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Open Lumbar Microdiscectomy for Treating Cauda Equina Syndrome
Authors: Lee Jun-Kyu , Chung Seok-Won , Lee Sang-Ho , Shin Young-Hwan , Park Chan-Hong
Published: October 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of cauda equina syndrome (CES) using percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and open lumbar microdiscectomy (OLM).Methods: Fifteen patients with CES either underwent PELD or OLM from January 2017 to December 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical methods: the PELD group (with 7 patients, 5 males and 2 females) and the OLM group (with 8 patients, 6 males and 2 females). The clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale score (VAS), motor grade of lower extremities, perineal sensation, anal tone, and bladder dysfunction. Results: Both groups reported a significant postoperative reduction of VAS score for back and leg pain. When comparing the two groups, there was no significant difference in the improvement of leg pain. However, the improvement in back pain was significantly higher in the PELD group than in the OLM group (p=0.05). In the PELD and OLM groups, all 15 patients showed an improvement in preoperative CES symptoms including impaired lower limb motor power, perineal sensations, anal sphincter tone and bladder function at the one-year follow-up. The operation time (p=0.01) and length of hospital stay (p=0.01) were shorter in the PELD group compared with the OLM group. In the PELD group, the intraoperative bleeding was negligible whereas in the OLM group.Conclusion: The advantages of PELD, indicate it is a good alterative or option for the treatment of CES patients considering the appropriate indication.
Industrial application of enhanced exponentially and homogenously double-weighted moving average control charts for outliers' detection
Authors: Raji Ishaq Adeyanju , Riaz Muhammad , Abujiya Mu’azu Ramat , Abbas Nasir , Lee Muhammad Hisyam
Published: October 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Impact of Beyond Fistula Programming on Economic, Psychosocial and Empowerment Outcomes Following Female Genital Fistula Repair: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ayadi Alison El , Alway Jessica , Matityahu Debra , Kichwen Celine , Wilson Susan , Mabeya Hillary
Published: October 2022

Background
The severe physical, psychosocial, and economic consequences of fistula suggest that post-surgical reintegration programming that incorporates a holistic approach may optimize recovery. However, there is a gap in knowledge around best practices for women’s post-surgical reintegration programming and limited assessment of reintegration programming among women who have undergone genital fistula repair. Thus, the objective of this study was to retrospectively assess changes in economic status, psychosocial status and empowerment among women who participated in Beyond Fistula reintegration programming following surgical fistula repair.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective survey among 100 Beyond Fistula (El Doret, Kenya) participants capturing sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric and fistula history, program participation, economic status (income and employment), psychosocial status (reintegration, self-esteem, depressive symptoms), and empowerment (engagement in household decision-making and intimate partner violence). Economic status, psychosocial status and empowerment were captured for two time points: prior to program participation and currently and compared using paired t-tests or McNemar’s tests.
Results
Specifically, when comparing economic status prior to program participation to afterwards, we noted statistically significant increases in the proportion of individuals owning property (28.0% vs. 38.0%, p=0.0063), having current source of income (19.0% vs. 56.0%, p<0.001), and saving or investing income (11.0% vs. 37.0%, p<0.001). We also identified statistically significant increases from pre to post programming in self-esteem (5.0 (IQR 4.0-5.0) vs. 5.0 (IQR 5.0-5.0), p=0.0001), reintegration (53.0 (IQR 43.0-69.0) vs. 65.0 (IQR 51.0-72.0), p<0.001) and level of input into household economic decision-making (2.0 (SD 1.0) vs. 2.3 (SD 1.0), p=0.004).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that participation in Beyond Fistula programming improved economic status, psychosocial status, and empowerment of participants. Post-surgical interventions incorporating a holistic approach can advance recovery through supporting psychosocial and economic wellbeing and should be offered to women undergoing genital fistula repair.
Global warming accelerates soil heterotrophic respiration
Authors: Nissan Alon , Alcolombri Uria , Peleg Nadav , Galili Nir , Jimenez-Martinez Joaquin , Molnar Peter , Holzner Markus
Published: October 2022

Carbon efflux from soils is the largest terrestrial carbon source to the atmosphere, yet it remains one of the most uncertain fluxes in the Earth’s carbon budget. A dominant component of this flux is heterotrophic respiration, influenced by several environmental factors, most notably soil temperature and moisture. We developed a mechanistic model from micro to global scale to explore how changes in soil water content and temperature affect soil heterotrophic respiration. Simulations, laboratory measurements, and field observations validate the new approach. Estimates from the model show that heterotrophic respiration has been increasing since the 1980s at a rate of about 1.7% per decade globally. Using future projections of surface temperature and soil moisture, the model predicts a global increase of about 40% in heterotrophic respiration by the end of the century under the worst-case emission scenario, which is driven principally by the reduction of soil moisture rather than temperature increase.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilization on Alleviating Cadmium Accumulation in Durum Wheat Grains
Authors: TOSUN Yener Kortan , Erdem Halil , GENCE Cabir Çağrı
Published: October 2022

The health of the people, which frequently consume bakery items in their diets, is threatened by the production of cereals in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils. Durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) is extensively cultivated in the world and of special concern due to its higher Cd accumulation potential than other cereals. This study sought to determine how zinc (Zn) and nitrogen (N) applications affected the grain Cd concentration of durum wheat cultivated in a soil contaminated with Cd. The experiment was set up with randomized plots and four replications. The conditions used to develop the durum wheat included low (0.05 mg Zn kg− 1) and sufficient (5 mg Zn kg− 1) Zn, as well as inadequate (200 mg kg− 1) and optimal (400 mg N kg− 1) and high (600 mg N kg− 1) N levels. Application rates for Cd were 0 and 5 mg Cd kg− 1. The findings demonstrated that 5 mg kg− 1 application resulted in a statistically significant (p < 0.01) rise in grain Cd contents of durum wheat in low and sufficient Zn and all N regimens, although straw and grain yields considerably decreased (p < 0.01). However, increasing N applications with sufficient soil Zn concentration caused an increase in the straw and grain yield of durum wheat and a significant decrease in grain Cd concentrations. The grain Cd concentration in low Zn and optimum N treatment under Cd application was 6206 µg kg− 1, while the grain Cd concentration decreased by 26.3% in the Zn and optimum N treatment to 4574 µg kg− 1. In addition, Cd application caused a decrease in the grain Zn concentrations of durum wheat under low Zn conditions, whereas Zn concentration of wheat grain increased in sufficient soil Zn concentration under Cd application to soil. The results revealed that N applications alone are not sufficient to prevent Cd accumulation in wheat grain, therefore Zn fertilization is needed, especially in Zn deficient soils to lower the Cd concentration of wheat grain in addition to N application.
Targeting PIEZO1 refines macrophage function in atherosclerosis
Authors: Pourteymour Shirin , Fan Jingxue , Majhi Rakesh Kumar , Guo Shuyuan , Huang Zhen , Liu Ying , Sun Xin , Winter Hanna , Bäcklund Alexadra , Skenteris Nikolaos Taxiarchis , Chernogubova Ekaterina , Werngren Olivera , Skogsberg Josefin , Li Yuhuang , Matic Ljubica , Hedin Ulf , Maegdefessel Lars , Ehrenborg Ewa , Tian Yen , Jin Hong
Published: October 2022

The increasing prevalence of global atherosclerosis and its complications demand efforts to discover novel targets for therapeutic interventions. In the present study, we identified increased expression of the mechanosensitive calcium channel Piezo 1 transcripts in mouse and human atherosclerosis, driven by infiltration of PIEZO1-expressing macrophages. We pharmacologically activated or inhibited PIEZO1 both in vitro and in vivo to investigate its role in atherosclerosis. In vitro administration of Yoda1, a PIEZO1 specific agonist, increased foam cell apoptosis and enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages. Mechanistically, we found intracellular F-actin rearrangement, elevated mitochondrial ROS levels and induction of mitochondrial fragmentation upon PIEZO1 activation, as well as increased expression of anti-inflammatory genes. In vivo, Yoda1 treated ApoE−/− mice showed regression of atherosclerosis, enhanced plaque stability in advanced lesions, reduced plaque size and necrotic core, increased collagen content, coupled with reduced expression levels of inflammatory markers. Our data suggest that the Ca2+-permeable channel PIEZO1 is a novel and promising therapeutic target to enhance macrophage functions towards atherosclerosis treatment.
Response to budesonide formoterol and omalizumab combination therapy: a retrospective study in adults with allergic asthma
Authors: Li Na , Cao Lingfeng , Zhang Ming , Fei Chunyuan , Deng Jingjing
Published: October 2022

Background
Omalizumab is an anti-IgE humanised monoclonal antibody marketed in China for the conventional treatment of poorly controlled moderate to severe allergic asthma. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of omalizumab, but data from studies in actual clinical treatment are still relatively limited.
Methods
Data were collected on 32 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Clinical characteristics before and after omalizumab treatment were collected to analyze the relationship between changes in serum total IgE levels and peripheral blood EOS levels, FEV1, PEF, OCS dosage, ATC score and number of acute exacerbations and treatment response, to observe the efficacy of omalizumab treatment and to investigate whether baseline clinical characteristics such as serum total IgE and EOS levels could predict treatment response.
Results
Using the ACT score as an evaluation, 68.75% of patients benefited from omalizumab treatment at the end of 16 weeks. Response group has a reduction in OCS dosage (P values 0.026, 0.039), a significant reduction in ACT scores (both P < 0.001) and a reduction in the number of acute exacerbations (P 0.034, 0.025 respectively) after omalizumab treatment. The Binary logistics analysis of factors affecting the effectiveness of omalizumab in the treatment of allergic asthma were total serum IgE and the presence of comorbidities (p-values of 0.039 and 0.046 respectively).
Conclusions
Omalizumab combined with budesonide formoterol was effective after 16 weeks of treatment. Serum IgE levels and the presence of comorbidities predicted response to omalizumab treatment.
Mitigation of Aflatoxin metabolites in food and feed using phenolic compounds identified by insilico study
Authors: Sajid Muhammad Wasim , Sarfraz Ayesha
Published: October 2022

Milk is considered a complete diet that contains nutrients in balance. Apart from different possible concerns, mycotoxins are considered a serious cancer-causing compound from which many are considered extremely toxic. With the industrialization and rapid increase in population, there is a serious concern to be managed with respect to food safety. The permissible limit (0.05µg/l) defined by the EU is being followed in Pakistan. The purposed study was to screen out AFM1 contamination in goat milk and In-silico identification of possible ways to interrupt the pathway of AFM1. The maximum concentration of AFM1 0.0669 µg/l exceeds the permissible limit and minimum 0.0015µg/l below the permissible limit was observed in some Goat milk sample collected in surroundings of Sahiwal Pakistan. 10% milk samples were reported highly contaminated with AFM1 as exceeds permissible limit value. For pathway intruption, an enzyme (O- methylsterigmatocystin oxidoreductase) was identified directly involved in AFB1 synthesis and further conversion. The molecular docking was performed against this enzyme to inhibit the conversion into toxic compound. Essential oil was used to inhibit fungal growth and detoxification of toxic substances. The ligand compounds were extracts of naturally occurring plants such as walnut, black currants, blueberries, raspberries, red currants, cranberries and Adhatoda vasica (Nees). Docking of compounds was performed by AutoDock Vina and after and interaction visualization. A Lead ZINC000030729894 was identified with good docking results and interaction.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yi-fan Hui , Xia Zheng , Wei Lu
Published: October 2022

Duodenal squamous cell carcinoma is extremely uncommon among gastrointestinal malignancies. The diagnosis and treatment were less understood. We report a case of duodenal squamous cell carcinoma with liver and adrenal metastasis, who was treated with gemcitabine and S-1 and obtained a PFS of 8 months eventually. Additionally, the features and treatment of primary duodenal carcinoma reported so far were reviewed in this paper. Obviously, further case reports such as ours can generate deeper cognition, which is essential for the nature of this entity and establish management guidelines.
High-Dimensional Multivariate Longitudinal Data for Survival Analysis of Cardiovascular Event Prediction in Young Adults: Insights from a Comparative Explainable Study
Authors: Nguyen Hieu T. , Vasconcellos Henrique D. , Keck Kimberley , Reis Jared P. , Lewis Cora E. , Sidney Steven , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Schreiner Pamela J. , Guallar Eliseo , Wu Colin O. , Lima João A.C. , Ambale-Venkatesh Bharath
Published: October 2022

Background: High-dimensional, longitudinal data are under-utilized for survival analysis compared to cross-sectional data (CS - data collected once across cohort). Particularly in cardiovascular risk prediction, despite available methods of longitudinal data analysis, the value of longitudinal information has not been established in terms of improved predictive accuracy and clinical applicability.
Methods: We investigated the value of longitudinal data over and above the use of cross-sectional data via 6 distinct modeling strategies from statistics, machine learning, and deep learning that incorporate high-dimensional repeated measures for survival analysis of the time-to-cardiovascular event in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort. We then examined and compared the use of model-specific interpretability methods (Random Survival Forest Variable Importance) and model-agnostic methods (SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) and Temporal Importance Model Explanation (TIME)) in cardiovascular risk prediction using the top-performing models.
Results: In a cohort of 3539 participants, longitudinal information from 35 variables that were repeatedly collected in 6 exam visits over 15 years improved subsequent long-term (17 years after) risk prediction by up to 8.3% in C-index compared to using baseline data (0.78 vs. 0.72), and up to approximately 4% compared to using the last observed CS data (0.75). Time-varying AUC was also higher in models using longitudinal data (0.86-0.87 at 5 years, 0.79-0.81 at 10 years) than using baseline or last observed CS data (0.80-0.86 at 5 years, 0.73-0.77 at 10 years). Comparative model interpretability analysis revealed the impact of longitudinal variables on model prediction on both the individual and global scales among different modeling strategies, as well as identifying the best time windows and best timing within that window for event prediction. The best strategy to incorporate longitudinal data for accuracy was time series massive feature extraction, and the easiest interpretable strategy was trajectory clustering.
Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates the added value of longitudinal data in predictive accuracy and epidemiological utility in cardiovascular risk survival analysis in young adults via a unified, scalable framework that compares model performance and explainability. The framework can be extended to a larger number of variables and other longitudinal modeling methods.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00005130, Registration Date: 26/05/2000