bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUNNIA ÉS PANNÓNIA KÖZÖTT
Authors: UTASI Csilla
Published: October 2020

A 2010-es évek második felének szerb irodalomtudományában a Miroslav Krleža életműve iránti érdeklődést a Gradac című folyóirat tematikus száma mellett a Krležát több évtizede kutató horvát tudós és lexikográfus, Vlaho Bogišić 2016-ban Újvidéken megvédett doktori értekezése jelzi. Bogišić disszertációjában kifejti, Krleža szerb írónak is tekinthető, hiszen műveivel, pozíciójával és kapcsolataival olyan befolyást gyakorolt a szerb irodalomra, melyet lehetetlen figyelmen kívül hagyni. Bori Imre 1976-os Krleža-monográfiájában pontosan meghatározza az életmű magyar vonatkozásait: a Krleža eszmei fordulatát elbeszélő Hodorlahomor, a nagy című novellát Ady Ős-Kaján-képzetével hozza összefüggésbe; az 1930-as Ady-esszét pedig azok közé az egykorú írások közé sorolja be, melyekben Krleža irodalomszemléletét fogalmazta meg. A dolgozat egyfelől Bori Imre monográfiájának gondolatmenetét mutatja be és értékeli, másfelől azt bizonyítja, hogy a horvát író művének magyar elemei nem tárgyalhatók kizárólag a Monarchia-irodalom keretében, a Zára aranya és ezüstje című esszében a mediterrán térség harmadik komponenséről megfogalmazott elképzelés ugyanis a múlt század hatvanas éveinek fiatal vajdasági irodalmában közvetlen visszhangra talált.
KULTURÁLIS ÁTSZÖVŐDÉSEK OROSZ KULTURÁLIS KÓDOK TOLNAI OTTÓ KORAI MŰVEIBEN
Authors: MIKOLA Gyöngyi
Published: October 2020

Tolnai Ottó műveit a kezdetektől átszövik a világirodalmi utalások, írásai folyamatos párbeszédben állnak mind kora filozófiai és művészeti törekvéseivel, mind pedig a kultúrtörténet számos fontos alkotójával és jelenségével. Példátlanul széles körű tájékozódásának egyik kitüntetett iránya az orosz irodalom és kultúra. Jelen tanulmány egy átfogóbb igényű kutatás első része, mely kutatás célja Tolnai orosz kódjainak feltérképezése és értelmezése. A tanulmány kitér az orosz irodalom áthagyományozódásának kérdésére, valamint az orosz kulturális kódok történelmi-politikai kontextusaira Tolnai korai műveiben.
KERESZTEZŐDŐ ÉLETUTAK BORI IMRE LEVELEI ILIA MIHÁLYHOZ
Authors: VIRÁG Zoltán
Published: October 2020

A levélírás mint alkotási minta, produkciós modell jelenik meg a két irodalmár üzenetváltásaiban. A hasonlóan kibontakozó munkatapasztalatokat, a szinte együtt emelkedő pályaíveket is láttató kommunikációs intenzivitás egyúttal olyan konkrét helyzetekből és ügyekből szerveződő kor- és társadalomrajz, amely a rejtett tartalmak, a specializált jelentések sokaságát kínálja. A közel száz levélből és a hozzájuk tartozó levelezőlapokból, képeslapokból, üdvözlőkártyákból álló archívum nem pusztán két értelmiségi típus (egyetemi oktató, folyóirat-szerkesztő, kritikus) mindennapi rutinjának, szaktudományos véleménycseréjének, kölcsönös gesztusainak, baráti önzetlenségének kéziratos bizonyítéka, hanem különösen értékes irodalomszociológiai, intézménytörténeti dokumentáció. A nyelvi-kulturális kompetencia kiterjesztésével kínál mintát, mutat követendő példát a közösségmegtartás emberpróbáló irodalmi és művészeti törekvéseihez.
ŠKOLSKI USPEH KOD DECE SA PONAŠANJIMA KARAKTERISTIČNIM ZA HIPERKINETIČKI POREMEĆAJ
Authors: Stanisavljević Milica , Oros Marina , Jerković Ivan
Published: October 2020

U poslednjih nekoliko decenija istraživanja ukazuju na porast broja dece sa hiperkinetičkim poremećajem. Jedan od mnogih problema sa kojima se ova deca suočavaju je i niže školsko postiguće, uprkos prosečnoj inteligenciji. Ove rane poteškoće u obrazovanju često imaju dugoročno loše ishode – niži nivo obrazovanja i manju uspešnost u obavljanju zanimanja u odraslom dobu. Negativna iskustva u okviru školskog sistema imaju negativne uticaje i na odnose sa roditeljima, nastavnicima i vršnjacima, doprinose nižem samopouzdanju i emocionalnim poteškoćama. U radu smo ispitivali razlike u školskom postignuću između dece koja pokazuju ponašanja karakteristična za hiperkinetički poremećaj i dece koja ne ispoljavaju probleme u održavanju pažnje i hiperaktivnosti. Uzorak se sastojao od učiteljskih procena oko 800 učenika nižih razreda osnovnih škola. Učitelji su na skali IVJER procenjivali prisutnost simptoma prosečnom ocenom na polugodištu. Rezultati pokazuju da deca koja pokazuju ponašanja karakteristična za hiperkinetički poremećaj imaju statistički značajno niži školski uspeh u odnosu na decu bez simptoma (U=36025.0, p≤.001). Kada pogledamo razlike po podtipu hiperkinetičkog poremećaja, vidimo da deca sa ponašanjima karakterističnim za mešoviti i pretežno nepažljivi tip imaju niže školsko postignuće nego deca sa ponašanjima karakterističnim za pretežno hiperaktivni tip i deca bez simptoma (χ2=192.62, p≤.001). Naši rezultati ukazuju na to da nije hiperaktivnost, već problem pažnje ono što doprinosi nižem školskom uspehu.
Investigation of Renal Artery Variations with Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography Technique
Authors: BOLATLI Güneş , ULUSOY Mahinur , KOPLAY Mustafa , ACAR Musa , ZARARSIZ İsmail
Published: October 2020

It is necessary to have a comprehensive knowledge about renal vascular anatomy in order to be able to apply renal surgicalprocedures correctly. The renal artery is a pair to feed the right and left kidneys. Its variation is common. In this study, it was aimed togroup the variations and to examine them clinically. Abdominal CT findings of 532 cases examined with MDCT device were included inthe study. Variation was detected in 135 (25.3%) of 532 cases. Of these variations, 95 (17.8%) were early branching and 40 (7.5%)were extra renal artery variations. The presence of renal artery variation may cause complications in surgical procedures such askidney transplantation. Knowing the variations before the intervention to be made in the region will be guiding.
STUDY OF ANTIATHEROSCLEROTIC AND ENDOTHELIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF PEPTIDE AGONISTS OF EPOR/CD131 HETERORECEPTOR
Authors: Puchenkova Olesya A. , Nadezhdin Sergey V. , Soldatov Vladislav O. , Zhuchenko Maxim A. , Korshunova Diana S. , Kubekina Marina V. , Korshunov Evgeny N. , Korokina Liliya V. , Golubinskaya Polina A. , Kulikov Aleksandr L. , Gureev Vladimir V. , Pokrovskiy Vladimir M. , Patrakhanov Evgeniy A. , Lebedev Petr R. , Denisyuk Tatyana A. , Belyaeva Veronika S. , Movchan Evgeniya A. , Lepetukha Elizaveta I. , Pokrovskiy Mikhail V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The drugs affecting a mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stresses, apoptosis and inflammation of the vascular wall, have a high potential for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic lesions. In this regard, the use of EPOR/CD131 heteroreceptor agonists which have a similar spectrum of pharmacological effects, is one of the promising strategies in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 68 C57Bl/6J male mice. Atherosclerosis was simulated in transgenic animals with an endotheliospecific knockdown of the Polg gene by simulating a balloon injury and keeping on a Western diet. Then, the studied drugs were injected once every 3 days at the dose of 20 μg/kg for 27 days. On the 28-th day, the animals were euthanized and the area of atherosclerotic plaques was assessed. The gene expression associated with the processes of inflammation, antioxidant protection, apoptosis, and angiogenesis was also determined in the aortic tissues. In addition, the endothelium protective effect of peptides on primary cultures of endothelial cells of wild and transgenic Polg-D257A mice was studied.

Results. No statistically significant effect of drugs on the area of lipid infiltration have been found. However, the studied peptides have significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory genes (iNos, Icam1, Vcam1, Sele, Il6, Tnfa), the genes associated with angiogenesis (Vegfa, Kdr, and Hif1a), the expression of proapoptic factors; they decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio by more than 1.5 times. In addition, when supplemented with H2 O2  in vitro, peptides dose-dependently increased endothelial cell survival.

Conclusion. The erythropoietin-based peptides can be used to improve the functional state of the vascular wall against the background of atherosclerotic lesions and have a depressing effect on pathobiological processes associated with a mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, the studied peptides have a significant endothelial protective effect in the induction of oxidative stress in vitro.
USING QUANTUM-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR PREDICTING ANTI-RADICAL (НО∙) ACTIVITY OF RELATED STRUCTURES CONTAINING A CINNAMOYL FRAGMENT II. DERIVATIVES OF 2’,4’-DIHYDROXYCHALCONE, FLAVANONE AND FLAVONE, CONTAINING A HYDROXY GROUP IN POSITION 7
Authors: Oganesyan Eduard T. , Shatokhin Stanislav S.
Published: October 2020

42 derivatives of 2’,4’-dihydroxychalcone, flavanone and flavone, containing the hydroxy group in position 7 (ring "A"), as well as substituents in the ring "B", have been studied.

The aim is to study the quantum-chemical parameters of 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone, flavanone and flavone derivatives containing a hydroxy group in position 7, in order to identify the effect of substituents on Mulliken charges (a.e) in the aromatic core "A", bond numbers (Nµ), the unsaturation index (IUA) and the electron density of the carbon atoms of the cinnamoyl fragment.

Materials and methods. The listed above parameters have been calculated by the semi-empirical method PM7 (WinMopac 2016 program) on the workstation with an Intel Xeon E5-1620 3.5 GHz processor, 20 GB of RAM.

Results. The analysis of the values of quantum-chemical parameters, as well as their comparison with the corresponding indicators presented in Report I, revealed a number of important features associated with the influence of the hydroxy group in position 7 (ring "A") on the studied quantum-chemical parameters of molecules. It has been established that the hydroxy group in the ring “A” does not significantly affect the Mulliken charge and the electron density of the carbon atoms of the propenone unit C-7→C-8→C-9. On atom C-9 (carbonyl carbon), the Mulliken charge always has a positive value, and the electron density is about 3.4670-3.4840 for all three groups of compounds. The transition from 2’,4’-dihydroxychalcone to flavanone and flavone by the formation of the pyrone heterocycle, is accompanied by an increase in the negative charge on C-8, which can be explained by the involvement of the oxygen heteroatom in the transmission of electronic effects. The hydroxy group in the ring “A”, has practically no effect on the charge and electron density of atoms. An analysis of the values of bond numbers and unsaturation indices suggests that atoms C-1 of 2’,4’-dihydroxychalcone and 7-hydroxyflavanone derivatives, are characterized by the lowest Nµ value; the lowest bond numbers are characteristic for atom C-8 derivatives of 7-hydroxyflavone. Consequently, the primary attack of the HO·radical will be directed at C-1 (in chalcones and flavanones) and at C-8 in flavones.

Conclusion. The performed quantum-chemical calculations make it possible to analyze the effect on the main quantum-chemical parameters of the molecule, which can be useful in predicting the biological activity of flavanoid compounds due to their antiradical effect on reactive oxygen intermediate species (ROIs).
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF GEUM RIVALE L. AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Orlova Anastasia A. , Povydysh Maria N.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study is to review the literature data on the chemical constituents of arial and underground parts of Geum rivale L. (Rosaceae) and the pharmacological activity of its extracts and individual compounds.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out using Internet resources (Google Scholar, PubMed) and library databases (e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science). The main research methods were a review and analysis of the literature data on the topic for the period from 1958 up to the present.

Results. For the period from 1958 up to the present more than 80 components in the arial and underground parts of G. rivale have been identified.  Among them there were components of the essential oil, phenolic acids and coumarins, aglycones of flavonoids, including luteolin, apigenin, quercetin and kaempferol, as well as a number of their glycosides and glucuronides, ellagitannins (hemin A, B, C, D, pedunculagin, stachiurin/casuarinin, tellimagrandin I). Some aspects of the pharmacological activity of total extracts and individual secondary metabolites of G. rivale have been studied, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral activities have been experimentally confirmed.

Conclusion. The analysis of the literature data showed that a further study of the composition of metabolites of G. rivale and their pharmacological activity is an urgent task, the solution of which will expand the range of use of this plant in medical practice and consider G. rivale as a promising source of pharmaceutical substances for the creation of new drugs and biologically active additives.
ANTITROMBOTIC ACTIVITY OF A NEW BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE WITH A SPATIALLY DIFFICULT PHENOLIC SUBSTITUTE IN ITS STRUCTURE
Authors: Spasov Alexander A. , Kucheryavenko Aida F. , Gaidukova Ksenia A. , Chernikov Maxim V. , Zhukovskaya Olga N.
Published: October 2020

The aimof the study was to investigate antithrombogenic properties of compound RU-1144 with previously identified pronounced antiplatelet and antioxidant activities. The thrombosis induced byFerric chloride(FeCl3) was carried out in rats’ carotid artery, in comparison with the known antiaggregant drugs - acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel, as well as with the antioxidant preparation - ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS).

Materials and methods.The antithrombotic activity of compound RU-1144 was studied on the model of the rats with carotid artery thrombosis, induced by the application of 50%ferric chloride(FeCl3), and the Global Thrombosis Test model (theGörög Thrombosis Test). The evaluation of this type of activity was carried out by prolonging the time of a blood clot formation. The studies of the compound RU-1144 effect on the bleeding time parameter were performed in mice. Acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and EMHPS were used as reference drugs.

Results.The antithrombotic effect of the RU-1144 substance revealed in the model of arterial thrombosis induced by the application offerric chloride(FeCl3), exceeded that of both acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel by 3.5 times and that of EMHPS by 2.9 times. In the modelof thein vitroGlobal Thrombosis Test (theGörög Thrombosis Test), compound RU-1144 reduced the thrombogenic potential of the blood equally with acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel. The assessment of “the bleeding time”, caused by the RU-1144 substance, showed that the prolongation of bleeding was twice as less pronounced than that caused by ASA and clopidogrel.

Conclusion.The performed studies demonstrated a pronounced antithrombotic activity of compound RU-1144, which exceeded that of acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and EMHPS, while the ability to prolong the bleeding time was reliably lower than that of reference drugs.

Abbreviations:EMHPS-ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate; ASA - acetylsalicylic acid.
The Efek Enzim Bromelin Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) Berbasis Sediaan Gel terhadap Lebar Intertubulus Dentin
Authors: Alfiyanti Retno Dewi , Prihatiningrum Berlian , Budirahardjo Roedy
Published: October 2020

Caries tissue cleaning can use Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal (CMCR) based on proteolytic  enzymes that catalyze peptide bonds into simpler compounds. Proteolytic enzymes can be found in mature pineapple bromelain enzymes. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of gel-based bromelain enzyme with concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12% against the width of the intertubulus dentin.  The bromelain enzyme is extracted using the Lowry method. Then purified using 80% ethanol and diluting become to concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12%. Diluted bromelain enzymes were formed in gel preparations based on HPMC and applied to the study sample. The results of this study indicated  a  widening of the intertubulus dentin. This is indicated by the variation of the dentin intertubulus width > 2µm. This widening occurs because the bromelain enzyme can hydrolyze collagen in intertubulus dentin in the absence of alpha-l-antitrypsin. Hydrolysis causes the breaking of hydrogen bonds in the triple helix- shaped tropocollagen to turn into strands of polypeptide chains. The bromelain enzyme with a concentration 10% is more effective than 8% and 12% because it  is  within the  maximum speed limit  of  the enzyme so that the enzyme is saturated by its substrate and there is a difference in specific enzyme activity in each concentration.
أنماط السيطرة الدماغية وعلاقتها في فاعلية الذات الإبداعية "دراسة تحليلية على عينة من الطلبة الموهوبين بمنطقة أبها"
Authors: حموري خالد عبدالله
Published: October 2020

الملخص:   هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر أنماط السيطرة الدماغية في فاعلية الذات الإبداعية، تكونت عينة الدراسة من (249(  طالباً من الطلبة الموهوبين بمنطقة أبها، من المرحلتين المتوسطة والثانوية، وقد تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الارتباطي، وقد أشارت نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى  أن النمط الكلي جاء بأعلى تكرار بلغ (117) وبنسبة مئوية بلغت (47,0%)، وكذلك أن طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة يسيطر عليهم النمط الكلي، وذلك بنسبة (32,5%)، أما المرحلة الثانوية فالنمط المسيطر عليهم هو الأيمن بنسبة (30,5%)، وحصول مجال الفاعلية الذاتية في التفكير الإبداعي على المرتبة الأولى، ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية (α ≥ 0.05) تعزى لأثر المرحلة في جميع المجالات لمقياس فاعلية الذات الإبداعية، وجاءت الفروق لصالح المرحلة الثانوية، وأخيرا وجود علاقة إيجابية موجبة دالة إحصائياً بين جميع أنماط السيطرة الدماغية وبين وفاعلية الذات الإبداعية.
The Degree of Practicing the Skills of Creative Reading by Teachers of Arabic Language in Ramtha District Schools
Authors: السالم أ. ماجدة عيسى
Published: October 2020

This study aimed at identifying the degree of practicing the skills of creative reading by the teachers of Arabic Language in Ramtha District schools. The sample of the study, which consisted of (177) male and female teachers, was selected by the random stratified method from the study population at primary and secondary schools in the Directorate of Education of Ramtha District during the second semester of (2019/ 2018). A questionnaire, consisting of (35) statements, was developed. It covered four areas: (reading fluency, reading originality, reading flexibility and extensive reading). The results of the study showed that the degree of practice by teachers of Arabic Language in the schools of Ramtha District was medium in all areas. There were statistically significant differences in all areas and the questionnaire as a whole attributed to the gender variable in favour of male teachers, except reading flexibility. There were also statistically significant differences in all areas and the questionnaire as a whole attributed to the variable of years of experience in favour of (10 – 6) years and (11) years and above, except reading flexibility and extensive reading.

Keywords: degree of practice, male and female teachers of Arabic Language, creative reading.
Relationship between daily atmospheric circulation patterns and South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) events
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Escobar Gustavo Carlos Juan , Reboita Michelle Simões ,   Instituto de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Itajubá
Published: October 2020

This study presents the daily atmospheric circulation patterns at surface and altitude related to the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) events that occurred between 2007 and 2017. For this analysis, Principal Pattern Sequence Analysis (PPSA) and sea level pressure and geopotential height reanalysis were used. Four typical atmospheric circulation patterns associated with SACZ episodes were identified. Three of them are related to the propagation of a cold front toward southeastern Brazil with a post-frontal anticyclone moving over the Atlantic Ocean. The fourth pattern is associated with the presence of a cut-off low centered over the central-south region of Brazil that induces moisture transport from the Atlantic Ocean and from the Amazon basin to most of southeastern Brazil. Considering the first three patterns, they represent, respectively, a frontal wave, a classical cold front, and a slow-moving cold front. All of these patterns provide permanent northwesterly winds in the lower troposphere over southeastern Brazil from two days before the SACZ occurrence.
Prospects of Nutritional Interventions in the Care of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Alam Sabiha , Bhuiyan Farhana Rumzum , Emon Tanvir Hossain , Hasan Mahmudul
Published: October 2020

The novel coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) has unfolded an unprecedented worldwide public health emergency with disastrous economic consequences. Around 12 million coronavirus cases have already been identified with over half a million deaths. Despite numerous efforts by the government as well as international organizations, these numbers are still increasing with a surprising rate. Although urgent and absolutely necessary, a reliable therapeutic or vaccine is still elusive and this status quo may remain for an uncertain period of time. Taken that into account, boosting up adaptive immunity through nutritional interventions may help subside this epidemic and save many lives. This review focuses on the nexus between a balanced diet and adaptive immunity, particularly, how a poor diet may lead to compromised immunity resulting in susceptibility to viral infections. Additionally, we discuss how nutrients (vitamins, minerals, trace elements) could be used as a tool to modulate immune response and thus impede viral infections. The study also summarized nutritional recommendations to combat COVID-19 in different countries and territories and dietary sources of those key nutrients. Moreover, different nutritional intervention strategies based on different age groups, physiological and medical conditions were also included, and the challenges of nutritional interventions towards the care of COVID-19 patients were also discussed. Since the availability of a drug or vaccine is still uncertain, a balanced diet or nutrient therapy could be used as a robust strategy to combat COVID-19. Thus, we hope this review may help to make an informed decision with regard to diet choice both at individual level as well as clinical settings.
Dissecting the NK Cell Population in Hematological Cancers Confirms the Presence of Tumor Cells and their Impact on NK Population Function
Authors: Vo Dang-Nghiem , Constantinides Michael , Allende-Vega Nerea , Alexia Catherine , Cartron Guillaume , Villalba Martin
Published: October 2020

Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system, protects against pathogens and tumor cells and are the main cell effectors of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generating antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). Hence it is relevant to understand NK physiology and status to investigate the biological effect of mAbs in the clinic. The presence of viral-sculpted NK cell populations has already been described, but the presence of cancer-sculpted NK remains unknown. Cancer induces a broad NK cell dysfunction. We investigated the NK cell population by Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) embed maps in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients at diagnosis and at least 30 days after treatment, which correlates with tumor cell clearance. The NK lineage largely responded to the tumor by generating antitumor NK cells and renewing the population with a subset of immature NK cells. However, we failed to identify specific “memory-like” subsets. Moreover, in patients in relapse we found essentially the same NK populations that at diagnostic, suggesting that NK cells equally respond to the first or second tumor rise. Finally, previous CMV infection largely affects tumor-associated changes in NK population, but the CMV-associated CD57+NKG2C+ NKs do not appear to play any role in tumor immunity.
CFD Simulation and Optimization of Adiabatic Reaction Process of C-2 Hydrogenation
Authors: Wei Wenjing
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been used to simulate the gas flow and the catalytic hydrogenation process of the C-2 hydrogenation adiabatic reactor in a practical ethylene production unit of a chemical plant. The laminar finite-rate model was used for the chemical reaction model. The standard two-equation model was used for the turbulence model. The exponent-function kinetic model was used for the reaction dynamics model. The simulation results were in good agreement with the actual industrial data obtained from the C-2 hydrogenation reactor, and the distributions of reaction parameters such as temperature and component concentrations in the reactor were further analyzed. Based on the validated CFD models, the structure and operating conditions of the reactor, as well as hydrogen load distribution ratios, are simulated for comparing the comprehensive performance metrics of ethylene selectivity and acetylene conversion rate; as a result, we can obtain the optimal temperature of 312 K, the optimal hydrogen/acetylene ratio of 0.10 as well as the optimal hydrogen load distribution ratio of 4:4:2, and the diameter/height ratio exerts a marginal effect on the selectivity, conversion rate and harmonic mean of the reactor.
Three-Dimensional Paper-Based Microfluidic Analysis Device for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Biomarkers With a Smartphone
Authors: Baek Seung Ho , Park Chanyong , Jeon Jaehyung , Park Sungsu
Published: October 2020

Paper-based microfluidic analysis devices (μPADs) have attracted attention as a cost-effective platform for point-of-care testing (POCT), food safety, and environmental monitoring. Recently, three-dimensional (3D)-μPADs have been developed to improve the performance of μPADs. For accurate diagnosis of diseases, however, 3D-μPADs need to be developed to simultaneously detect multiple biomarkers. Here, we report a 3D-μPADs platform for the detection of multiple biomarkers that can be analyzed and diagnosed with a smartphone. The 3D-μPADs were fabricated using a 3D digital light processing printer and consisted of a sample reservoir (300 µL) connected to 24 detection zones (of 4 mm in diameter) through 8 microchannels (of 2 mm in width). With the smartphone application, eight different biomarkers related to various diseases were detectable in concentrations ranging from normal to abnormal conditions: glucose (0–20 mmol/L), cholesterol (0–10 mmol/L), albumin (0–7 g/dL), alkaline phosphatase (0–800 U/L), creatinine (0–500 µmol/L), aspartate aminotransferase (0–800 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (0–1000 U/L), and urea nitrogen (0–7.2 mmol/L). These results suggest that 3D-µPADs can be used as a POCT platform for simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers.
The Domination Entropy of The Graphs
Authors: Şahin Bünyamin
Published: October 2020

Graph entropies have been used to interpret the complexity of the networks. There are various graph entropies in the literature. In this note a new graph entropy is defined which is based on the dominating sets of the graphs. Moreover the entropy of some classes of the graphs is obtained
ADAPTASI PEMBELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI SECARA BLENDED LEARNING DALAM MENGHADAPI MASA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Ernawati  , Wilodati
Published: October 2020

Kondisi pandemi, yang sedang melanda dunia termasuk Indonesia saat ini, mengakibatkan interaksi tatap muka di kelas antara guru dan peserta didik tidak mungkin untuk dilakukan. Oleh karena itu pembelajaran digital menjadi alternatif yang penting untuk mengganti tatap muka di kelas. Namun dalam realitas sesungguhnya, banyak persoalan ketidaksiapan yang ditemukan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran digital baik terkait dengan sarana prasarana maupun peserta didik. Salah satu cara yang paling memungkinkan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah melalui adaptasi pembelajaran secara blended learning dalam menghadapi masa new normal terutama dalam pembelajaran sosiologi. Tujuan pokok penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adaptasi pembelajaran sosiologi secara blended learning dan kebijakan pendidikan Indonesia dalam mencegah Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur kepustakaan di mana peneliti menganalisis berbagai penelitian yang relevan dengan adaptasi pembelajaran sosiologi. Penyajian data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan adaptasi pembelajaran secara blended learning yang terjadi dalam menghadapi masa new normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi pembelajaran sosiologi secara blended learning dalam menghadapi masa new normal dilakukan dengan 3 mode (1) Dalam jaringan (daring) sosiologi, (2) Luar jaringan (luring) sosiologi dan (3) tatap muka, di daerah zona hijau berbasis protokol kesehatan.The pandemic condition, which is currently sweeping the world including Indonesia, makes face-to-face interactions in class between teachers and students impossible to do. Therefore, digital learning is an important alternative to replace face-to-face classrooms. But in reality, many unpreparedness issues are found to carry out digital learning both related to infrastructure and students. One of the most possible ways to overcome this is through the adaptation of blended learning in the face of the new normal, especially in sociology learning. The main objective of this study is to determine the adaptation of sociology learning by blended learning and Indonesian education policies in preventing Covid-19. The method used in this study is a literature review where the researcher analyzed various studies relevant to the adaptation of sociological learning. The presentation of the data is carried out using descriptive techniques, which describe the adaptation of blended learning that occures in the face of the new normal period. The results show that the adaptation of sociology learning by means of blended learning in the face of the new normal period was carried out in three modes (1) online sociology networks, (2) offline sociology and (3) face-to-face, in green zone based area obeying the health protocol.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA CAI (COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION) PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS UNTUK KELAS X DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN
Authors: Usaifa Rifa , Sukardjo Mochammad , Winarsih Murni
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif yang dirancang berdasarkan karakteristik pembelajaran dengan bantuan komputer atau CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris di SMK. Media pembelajaran ini dikembangkan untuk membantu siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan yang belum mencapai standar kompetensi yang ditetapkan pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Model pengmbangan yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan media CAI ini adalah model Hannafin and Peck. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan angket, wawancara, dokumen hasil pembelajaran dan tes. Hasil uji validasi pakar materi, media, desain instruktional, uji satu-satu, uji kelompok kecil serta hasil uji lapangan dengan menggunakan perhitungan t-test menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media CAI. Dengan kata lain media CAI untuk pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dinilai efektif dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.The purpose of the study is to develop an interactive learning media that are designed based on the characteristics of learning with the help of computer or CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) to improve English learning outcomes in vocational high school. This learning media was developed to help Vocational High School students who have not yet reached the competency standards set in English subjects. The research method used is a research and development method. The development model used to develop CAI media is the model from Hannafin and Peck . Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, learning outcomes documents and tests. Validation test results for material, media and design experts instructional, one-on-one test, small group test and the results of field tests using t-test calculations showed that there were significant differences in student learning outcomes before and after using CAI media. In other words, CAI media for learning English was considered effective and can help improving students’ learning outcomes.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome as the Initial Manifestation of Wrist Bone Tuberculosis
Authors: Lopes-Coutinho Luís , Rosa João , Santos Silva Marta , Silva César , Pereira Alexandre
Published: October 2020

Case:

We report the case of a patient with bone tuberculosis (TB) of the wrist, whose initial manifestation mimicked the typical clinical presentation of carpal tunnel syndrome. This misdiagnosis lead to surgical mistreatment. After no clinical improvement, thorough study was carried out, and bone TB was diagnosed. Tuberculostatic treatment was performed for 12 months. Wrist arthrodesis was performed after 6 months because of pain and very limited flexion-extension range of motion.

Conclusion:

Our case highlights the importance of differential diagnoses in the face of such frequent and suggestive symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.
Geometric-acoustics analysis of singly scattered, nonlinearly evolving waves by circular cylinders
Authors: Muhlestein Michael , Hart Carl
Published: October 2020

Geometric acoustics, or acoustic ray theory, is used to analyze the scattering of high-amplitude acoustic waves incident upon rigid circular cylinders. Theoretical predictions of the nonlinear evolution of the scattered wave field are provided, as well as measures of the importance of accounting for nonlinearity. An analysis of scattering by many cylinders is also provided, though the effects of multiple scattering are not considered. Provided the characteristic nonlinear distortion length is much larger than a cylinder radius, the nonlinear evolution of the incident wave is shown to be of much greater importance to the overall evolution than the nonlinear evolution of the individual scattered waves.
Physical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing of Large-Sized Tight Sandstone Outcrops
Authors: Guo Tiankui , Tang Songjun , Liu Shun , Liu Xiaoqiang , Xu Jianchun , Qi Ning , Rui Zhenhua
Published: October 2020

Hydraulic fracturing is an indispensable technology in developing tight oil and gas resources. However, the development of tight oil and gas is not consistently satisfactory. Further understanding of hydraulic fracturing of tight sandstone is required, which increases the production of tight oil and gas reservoirs, particularly in China. Currently, there are a few true triaxial hydraulic fracturing physical simulations of large tight sandstone outcrops. To weaken the boundary effect, this study performed simulations using large tight sandstone outcrops (500 × 500 × 500 mm and 500 × 500 × 800 mm) in the Shahezi Formation (Fm.), Jilin Province, China. The effect of natural fracture (NF) development degree, in-situ stress conditions, fracturing treatment parameters, and temporary plugging on fracture propagation were investigated. Furthermore, fracture propagation was investigated based on post-fracturing fine reconstruction, high-energy computed tomography (CT) scan, acoustic emission monitoring (AEM), and analysis of a fracturing pressure curve. Finally, suggestions on fracturing treatment were proposed. The results show that the NF is a key factor in determining the hydraulic fracture (HF) morphology in the tight sandstone reservoir. Further, the number, approaching angle, and cementation strength of the preexisting NF affect the HF propagation path; these are the key factors for forming complex fractures. In the tight sandstone reservoir with well-developed NFs, the fracture morphology is dominated by the NF under horizontal differential stress ≤ 9 MPa. A single fracture is more likely to occur under horizontal differential stress ≥ 12 MPa, which is less affected by the NF. In the fracturing at variable injection rates, a low rate facilitates fluid penetration into the NF, while a high rate facilitates deep HF propagation. A low-viscosity fracturing fluid at a high rate facilitates further propagation of the temporary plugging agent (TPA), thus achieving deep temporary plugging and fracture diversion. A high-viscosity fluid does not facilitate accumulation and plugging of particulate TPA. Higher horizontal differential stress leads to a smaller diversion radius of new HF, which is closer to the original HF, leading to poorer stimulation effect. The results provide a reference for the fracturing design of the tight sandstone.
Compatibility Test and Nanoparticles Stability: Comparison between Smart Soft Water and Smart Hard Water
Authors: Ezzati Shoaib , Khamehchi Ehsan
Published: October 2020

Smart water is one of the most common methods for increasing oil recovery factor (RF) widely used in both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. Smart water changes oil reservoir rock wettability from oil-wet to water-wet and increases oil RF. When smart water is combined with formation water, it can form sediments that will be called incompatibility, the results of which will be precipitation of inorganic scale deposition in surface facilities, flow lines, well tubing, gravel packs, and in the reservoirs. In contrast, by stabilizing the various nanoparticles in water, beneficial changes such as wettability alteration, sand production prevention, and decreased fines migration can be realized in oil reservoirs. Therefore, water compounds should be designed to have a minimum amount of incompatibility and the greatest amount of nanostability.

For this study, the formation water and seawater were created in the laboratory. Seawater was diluted in different concentrations and combined with formation water, and the best-diluted seawater was selected. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the Taguchi algorithm on diluted water, and it was used to make smart soft water (SSW) and smart hard water (SHW). In this project, we aimed to compare the amount of incompatibility and nanostability in SSW and SHW. To analyze the amount of incompatibility, different compositions of SSW and SHW were made and combined with formation water. In all cases, soft water was more compatible with formation water. To compare stability, different nanofluids were made in optimized soft water and hard water. By testing the zeta potential, it was observed that soft water shows more stability. In general, this study proved two advantages of SSW over SHW.
Identifying and barriers to intervening in childhood obesity in paediatric outpatient nursing settings using a mixed methods study
Authors: Ellis Nicola , Allen Alexander Nicholas , Bartley Angela , Clift Michael , Miguel Ronelle , Rodger Alison
Published: October 2020

Background: Obesity is an increasing problem in England and disproportionately affects those of lower socio-economic status, and there has been a drive for health care professionals at all levels to provide brief advice regarding weight management. There is little evidence on what barriers exist to providing this advice in paediatric settings. Methods: A retrospective review of children’s outpatient clinic notes in a hospital in London, UK during one week was undertaken to collate height and weight measurements and calculate (Body-Mass-Index) BMI centile. Qualitative interviews were conducted with staff to explore attitudes and opportunities to discuss weight Results: Of children included (n=236) Two fifths (41.1%, n=97) had height and weight recorded. BMI centile was calculated for 79.4% of those (n=77). A quarter (26% [95% CI: 13-30%], n=20) were overweight (>91st centile) or obese (>98th centile). Nursing staff reported that the period taking height and weight measurements was not a good opportunity to raise the issue of weight, due to lack of time, lack of knowledge of patient’s medical history and not having BMI centile available. Conclusion: Over one in four children attending the paediatric clinic were overweight or obese. Nursing staff need support and training to feel confident to incorporate discussions around healthy weight into their role and to make the most of opportunities to make every contact count.
Rubidium chloride modulated the fecal microbiota community in mice
Authors: Chen Qian , He Zhiguo , Zhuo Yuting , Li Shuzhen , Yang Wenjing , Hu Liang , Zhong Hui
Published: October 2020

Background: The microbiota plays an important role in host health. Although rubidium (Rb) has been used to study its effects on depression and cancers, the interaction between microbial commensals and Rb is still unexplored. To gain the knowledge of the relationship between Rb and microbes, 51 mice receiving RbCl-based treatment and 13 untreated mice were evaluated for their characteristics and bacterial microbiome changes.Results: The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal microbiota showed that RbCl generally maintained fecal microbial community diversity, while the shifts in fecal microbial composition were apparent after RbCl exposure. RbCl significantly enhanced the abundances of Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, Clostridium XlVa and sulfate-reducing bacteria including Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionales, Desulfovibrionaceae and Desulfovibrio, but significantly inhibited the abundances of Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Anaeroplasmatales, Anaeroplasmataceae and Anaeroplasma lineages. With regarding to the archaea, we only observed two less richness archaea Sulfolobus and Acidiplasma at the genus level.Conclusions: Changes of fecal microbes may in part contribute to the anticancer or anti-depressant effects of RbCl. These findings further validate that the microbiome could be a target for therapeutic intervention.
Associations between socio-demographics, nutrition knowledge, nutrition competencies and attitudes in community-dwelling healthy older adults in Singapore: Findings from the SHIELD study
Authors: Ong Rebecca Hui Shan , Chow Wai Leng , Cheong Magdalin , Lim Gladys Huiyun , Xie Weiyi , Baggs Geraldine , Huynh Dieu Thi Thu , Oh Hong Choon , How Choon How , Tan Ngiap-Chuan , Tey Siew Ling , Chew Samuel Teong Huang
Published: October 2020

BackgroundNutrition literacy refers to an individual’s knowledge, motivation and competencies to access, process, and understand nutrition information to make nutrition-related decisions. It is known to influence dietary habits of individuals including older adults. This cross-sectional study was designed to: (1) understand the nutrition knowledge, competencies and attitudes of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore (2) examine the differences between their nutrition knowledge, and socio-demographic factors, competencies and attitudes, and (3) identify factors associated with better nutrition knowledge in older healthy adults in Singapore.Methods400 (183 males and 217 females) nourished community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above took part in this study. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) was used to determine individuals who were at low risk of undernutrition. Nutrition knowledge, competencies, attitudes and sources of nutrition information were measured using a locally developed scale. Nutrition knowledge scores were summed to form the Nutrition Knowledge Index (NKI). Associations between NKI, competencies, attitudes and socio-demographic variables were examined using Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests. Factors associated with NKI were determined using a stepwise regression model with resampling based methods for model averaging.ResultsBivariate analyses found significant differences in NKI scores for gender, monthly household earnings, type of housing, the self-reported ability to seek and understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends. Females had higher NKI scores compared to males (p < 0.001). Compared to females, more males left food decisions to others (p < 0.001), and fewer males reported consuming home cooked food (p = 0.016). Differences in educational level were found for competencies like the self-reported ability to seek (p < 0.001) and verify nutrition information (p < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that being female, Chinese, self-reported ability to understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends were associated with higher NKI scores. ConclusionsOur study revealed that nutrition knowledge of older males in Singapore was lower than females and more left food decisions to others. Nutrition education programs could be targeted at both the older male, their caregivers, and minority ethnic groups.Trial RegistrationThis study was registered on 7 August 2017 at clinicaltrials.gov (ref. NCT03240952).
Association of Vitamin D Intervention and outdoor activity on serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D among children in North China: an observational study
Authors: Zhang Xuguang , Chen Yanping , Jin Shanshan , Bi Xinxin , Chen Dongkai , Zhang Dongmei , Liu Li , Jing Hong , Na Lixin
Published: October 2020

Background: Living at high latitudes is one of the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children. However, evidence on vitamin D improvement for this pediatric population to date is limited. This study aims at evaluating the association of different vitamin D intervention methods and outdoor activity on the vitamin D status of children in North China. Methods: A total of 55,925 children aged 1 month to 18 years old were recruited from pediatric outpatient departments from July 2016 to June 2017. Data on demographics, anthropometric measurements, vitamin D intervention, and outdoor activity were recorded. The serum levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of vitamin D intervention or outdoor activity with blood vitamin D status, adjusted for age, gender, BMI for age, and seasons.Results: The overall rate of hypovitaminosis D was 65.60%. Of the children’s outdoor activity, 35.63%, 31.95%, and 32.42% were below 30min/d, 30-60 min/d and over 60min/d, respectively. Furthermore, the proportion of therapeutic intervention, supplementation intervention and no vitamin D intervention among the children was 16.48%, 32.87%, and 50.65%, respectively. After adjusted for confounding factors, vitamin D intervention was associated with a lower risk of hypovitaminosis D, with OR (95% CI) of 0.191 (0.180, 0.202) in children with therapeutic doses and 0.423 (0.404, 0.443) in those with supplementation doses, compared with children without vitamin D intervention. In addition, longer outdoor time was associated with a lower risk of hypovitaminosis D [0.479 (0.456, 0.504) for 60 min/d, 0.737 (0.701, 0.776) for 30–60 min/d], independent of vitamin D intervention. Conclusions: High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found in children living at high latitudes. Vitamin D intervention and outdoor activity are all negatively associated with children’s vitamin D deficiency. Routine vitamin D intervention combined with increased outdoor time might be an effective approach to prevent hypovitaminosis D among children, especially those at school, living at high latitudes.