bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Despejos urbanos: uma breve comparação entre Quarto de Despejo e “Despejo na Favela”
Authors: De Castro Tainá Dias , Gomes Hugo Martins , Cruz Adélcio de Sousa
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho tem como intuito estudar as subjetividades e o contexto sociopolítico urbano na obra Quarto de Despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, e na canção “Despejo na Favela”, de Adoniran Barbosa, para comparar as vivências e subjetividades de cada autor, transpostas esteticamente para o texto e a letra da canção, e sua relação com o espaço urbano da favela, além de analisar a realidade sociopolítica urbana da década de 1960. Como objetivos, este estudo visa identificar as condições que envolvem a favela enquanto local de despejo das cidades e do despejo da população favelada. Como metodologia para este estudo, foi utilizado um arcabouço teórico pautado no estudo da literatura comparada, estudos de gênero e relações étnico-raciais, além das teorias sobre cidades que conversem diretamente com o contexto retratado pelos autores.
O jogo do texto em O criado-mudo, de Edgard Telles Ribeiro
Authors: Velloso Thaís Fernandes
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho explora técnicas como a multiperspectivação e o dialogismo, utilizadas na composição da narrativa O criado-mudo, primeiro romance de Edgard Telles Ribeiro. O artigo aborda a temporalidade do romance, constituída por cortes e flashbacks que evidenciam uma ausência cronológica, e analisa a relevância de um estilo próprio e consciente de escrita literária. Com o objetivo de investigar como o texto literário pode ser concebido a partir dessas técnicas e da participação do leitor no “jogo do texto”, denominação proposta por Iser em O fictício e o imaginário: perspectivas de uma antropologia literária (2013), recorremos aos estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin, Ronaldes de Melo e Souza, Autran Dourado e Wolfgang Iser.
Lynton: the coolest way to CO2
Authors: Hills Sam
Published: January 2025

The Tetra Pro CO2 laser, powered by DEKA's globally evidenced SmartXide technology with over 200-peer reviewed papers, is revolutionising aesthetic and medical laser treatments. Exclusively distributed by Lynton in the UK, Tetra Pro delivers 30% faster treatments, it offers precision and safety with its advanced 40W laser. A standout feature of minimal downtime makes this treatment a lunchtime option for clients whilst still delivering impressive results. From scar reduction to SmartXide Bleph, Tetra Pro is transforming clinics and outcomes with much faster recovery and exceptional results.
Udder cleft dermatitis: a review
Authors: Gratwick William
Published: January 2025

Udder cleft dermatitis (UCD) is a common skin condition of dairy cows characterised by ulceration, tissue necrosis and a purulent, foul-smelling discharge. The lesions can be severe, and the herd prevalence is usually underestimated by farmers as milder lesions are often not detected. The condition is thought to occur as a result of opportunistic bacterial infection following physical abrasion in an anaerobic environment. A weak fore udder attachment and deep udder are associated with an increased risk of UCD. Culling and selective breeding to improve udder conformation within the herd are important for prevention of the condition. Treatment of severe lesions is challenging and as such early identification is critical along with repeated treatment applications.
All-optical measurement-device-free feedforward enabling ultra-fast quantum information processing
Authors: Yamashima Taichi , Kashiwazaki Takahiro , Suzuki Takumi , Nehra Rajveer , Nakamura Tomohiro , Inoue Asuka , Umeki Takeshi , Takase Kan , Asavanant Warit , Endo Mamoru , Furusawa Akira
Published: January 2025

Utilizing feedforward to perform adaptive quantum operations on one entangled state according to the measurement result of the other state enables measurement-based quantum information processing (QIP). Until now, the bandwidth of feedforward in optical QIP has been limited to around 100 MHz by measurement with electronics. A potential alternative is the utilization of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). This optical device eliminates the need for electronic measuring devices and enables all-optical broadband feedforward. In this paper, we demonstrate a variable squeezing gate with an operation bandwidth of 1.3 THz by all-optical measurement-device-free feedforward. We utilize a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide as a broadband OPA and perform continuous phase locking in our optical system. Experimental results demonstrate that our all-optical QIP operates at a THz clock frequency, representing a major step toward the realization of an ultra-fast quantum computer.
Controlling quantum interference in a four-level atomic system using a driving field
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Thuy , Tsai Chin-Chun
Published: January 2025

We study the light-atom interaction in a four-level atomic system in a ladder-vee type configuration employing the density matrix formalism with exact numerical solutions. By varying the third driving strength, we achieve continuous control over the quantum interference of the system, shifting it from destructive to constructive interference. Our analysis reveals a narrow existence window for the EIT signal when the driving field is active, suggesting effective control ability. Finally, we propose the required driving Rabi frequency as a function of the given coupling Rabi frequency to achieve a 90% reduction in EIT magnitude, effectively altering the quantum interference by a π/2 phase shift.
A beginners guide to fundamental experiments in quantum optics using the Thorlabs Quantum Optics Educational Kit
Authors: Skorobogatiy Maksim , Kshitij Kshitij
Published: January 2025

The main motivation for this paper is to provide a practical guide for the beginners in experimental quantum optics, to save the frustration and make the learning process more streamlined for the novices in the field. This work details the finer points of experiments in the fundamental quantum optics performed using Thorlab’s Quantum Optics Kit. Namely, we detail our observations, interpretations, and subtleties of functioning and arrangement of the experimental setups learned through hands-on
experience.
Potential links between human bloodstream infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and international transmission to Colombia
Authors: Li Yan , Pulford Caisey V. , Díaz Paula , Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Duarte Carolina , Predeus Alexander V. , Wiesner Magdalena , Heavens Darren , Low Ross , Schudoma Christian , Montaño Angeline , Hall Neil , Moreno Jaime , Hinton Jay C. D.
Published: January 2025

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a prevalent food-borne pathogen that is usually associated with gastroenteritis infection. S. Typhimurium is also a major cause of bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa, and is responsible for invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease. The pathogen also causes bloodstream infection in Colombia, but there has been a lack of information about the S. Typhimurium isolates that were responsible. Here, we investigated the genomic characteristics of 270 S. Typhimurium isolates from bloodstream infection patients in Colombia, collected between 1997 and 2017. We used whole-genome sequencing to analyse multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles, plasmid distribution, and to define phylogenetic relationships. The study identified the distinct sequence types and phylogenetic clusters of S. Typhimurium prevalent in Colombia. The majority of isolates (90.8%) were ST19, which is distinct from the iNTS-associated S. Typhimurium in sub-Saharan Africa (ST313). The two prominent clusters of MDR S. Typhimurium were either DT104 or closely related to the LT2 reference strain. We used a phylogenetic approach to associate the Colombian clusters with global S. Typhimurium isolates from public databases. By putting the Colombian S. Typhimurium isolates in the context of the global spread of DT104, ST313 and LT2-related variants, we found that the Colombian clusters were introduced to the country via multiple independent events that were consistent with international transmission. We suggest that the acquisition of quinolone and chloramphenicol resistance by the Colombian S. Typhimurium isolates was driven by horizontal gene transfer. Three ST313 isolates that caused bloodstream infection in Colombia were identified. These ST313 isolates were related to the Malawian ST313 lineage 3 & UK ST313, and shared a similarly high invasiveness index. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ST313 in Colombia.
Prognostic factors in severe dengue patients: A multi-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Cheng-Hsun , Lee Ing-Kit , Chen Yi-Chun , Huang Wen-Chi , Hsu Jui-Chi , Tai Chien-Hsiang , Huang Chung-Hao , Lin Chun-Yu , Chen Yen-Hsu
Published: January 2025

Background/purpose

Early detection of severe dengue (SD) and appropriate management are crucial in reducing the case fatality rate. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of SD and identify independent risk factors associated with mortality among SD patients.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted at two medical center hospitals between 2002 and 2019, involving patients aged ≧18 years with laboratory-confirmed SD.

Results

This study included 294 patients with SD, of whom 203 (69%) survived and 91 (31%) died. Among the 294 SD patients, 103 (35%) experienced acute kidney injury, 54 (18.4%) had pneumonia, and 19 (6.5%) had bacteremia. Among the 286 patients with available alanine aminotransferase (ALT) data, 41 (14.3%) experienced severe hepatitis (ALT>1000U/L). The median time from illness onset to death among the 91 SD patients who died was 5 days. Multivariable regression analysis revealed increasing odds of death associated with older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.037; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009–1.066), altered consciousness (OR, 8.591; 95% CI, 2.914–25.330), gastrointestinal bleeding (OR, 1.939; 95% CI, 1.037–3.626), and leukocytosis (OR, 2.504; 95% CI, 1.124–5.578) upon arrival, as well as organ impairment during hospitalization, including acute kidney injury (OR, 2.627; 95% CI, 1.373–5.028), severe hepatitis (OR, 5.324; 95% CI, 2.199–12.889), and pneumonia (OR, 2.250; 95% CI, 1.054–4.802).

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the importance of early recognition and intervention by frontline physicians in identifying SD patients at high risk of mortality. This information can significantly contribute to reducing fatalities and improving the overall management of SD cases.
Identification of diabetic retinopathy lesions in fundus images by integrating CNN and vision mamba models
Authors: Liu Zenglei , Gao Ailian , Sheng Hui , Wang Xueling
Published: January 2025

Diabetic retinopathy, a retinal disorder resulting from diabetes mellitus, is a prominent cause of visual degradation and loss among the global population. Therefore, the identification and classification of diabetic retinopathy are of utmost importance in the clinical diagnosis and therapy. Currently, these duties are extensively carried out by manual examination utilizing the human visual system. Nevertheless, manual examination is sometimes arduous, time-consuming, and prone to errors. Deep learning-based methods have recently demonstrated encouraging results in several areas, such as image categorization and natural language mining. The majority of deep learning techniques developed for medical image analysis rely on convolutional modules to extract the inherent structure of images within a certain local receptive field. Furthermore, transformer-based models have been utilized to tackle medical image processing problems by capitalizing on global connections among distant pixels in the images. Considering these analyses, this work presents a comprehensive deep learning model that combines convolutional neural network and vision mamba models. This model is designed to accurately identify and classify diabetic retinopathy lesions displayed in fundus images. Furthermore, the vision mamba component incorporates the bidirectional state space method and positional embedding to enable the location sensitivity of visual data samples and meet the conditions for global relationship context. An evaluation of the suggested method was carried out by comparison experiments between state-of-the-art algorithms and the proposed methodology. Empirical findings demonstrate that the suggested methodology surpasses the most advanced algorithms on the datasets that are accessible openly. Hence, the suggested approach may be regarded as a helpful tool for therapeutic processes.
‘WAIT! Isn’t cartooning supposed to be fun?!’: Little Barbara Brandon’s earliest lessons
Authors: Degand Darnel , Grier Annika Tyson
Published: January 2025

This publication features a creative presentation of findings from interviews conducted with Barbara Brandon-Croft, the first African American woman to have a nationally syndicated newspaper comic strip in the United States, Where I’m Coming From (1989–2005). This article begins with an introduction to the historical contributions of women and Black American cartoonists. Afterward, it presents a detailed overview of (Barbara’s father) Brumsic Brandon, Jr.’s works as an activist, animator, cartoonist and television personality on numerous concurrent projects. Next, a similar review of Barbara Brandon-Croft’s accomplishments is offered. These results are part of a study that answers the following research questions: (1) how do stereotypes influence social interactions and communications amongst media industry professionals and stakeholders? (2) How have the social experiences, professional training and educational backgrounds of media industry professionals informed the choices they make in their specific roles within the media industry? The feature comic focuses on findings about Barbara’s formative years and incorporates them into the narrative and illustrations. It serves as a preview of a graphic history book project that focuses on early moments in cartoonists’ lives. This book will illustrate the backstories that changed each cartoonist’s subjective world-view. It will reveal how these pivotal moments caused them to form beliefs that influence their reactions to stereotypes, their choice to tackle or avoid stereotypes and their decisions concerning how to use or portray stereotypes in their media projects.
Into/Across the sea: Critical perspectives in media arts
Authors: Psarras Bill
Published: January 2025

The issue delves into and extends across the sea by exploring critical art practices and methodologies at the intersections of performance art, new media and site-specific/installation art, that integrate ocean, waves, currents, tides, coasts, depths, sea objects/vessels or environmental conditions as vital agents of the artwork. It presents nine articles by artists and scholars whose art practice and research engages with performative, embodied, participatory and technological aspects of the sea by integrating processes of drifting, floating, standing, recording, transmitting and mapping, which sink into and move across the sea but also take place in-between the permeable boundaries of coasts.
Shoreless
Authors: Zafeiropoulos Theodoros
Published: January 2025

The article proposes a re-interpretation of the shoreless seascape through a concept the author terms ‘aimlessness’. This concept can function as a hybrid metaphor suitable for investigating the failures of human transcendence. Essentially, every multidisciplinary practice in contemporary artistic, technological and scientific culture is a series of failed geopolitical setbacks. Related actions may well be reversed, interrupted or even recalled at any time with new acquisitions, discoveries or experiments. The understanding of the sea as a theatrical stage can offer spatial observatory mechanisms for decentred perspectives in order to decipher and invent contemporary notions and symbols that are floating into this hydro forest. The article develops a critical reflection based on a series of sea-oriented artworks. Drawing on the ubiquity of the water, these artworks – through representational and performative actions of drifting and floating – examine the concept of aimless floatation. Through an analysis of artistic methodologies interacting with water, the text offers a series of reflections on how such actions become performative, playful and open to unexpected circumstances that lie on the surface or the depths of the water world.
How to be with the sea: Artistic practices in the midst of the climate crisis
Authors: Dragona Daphne
Published: January 2025

At the heart of the ongoing climate crisis is the impact of anthropogenic activity on the oceans and the seas of the planet. The complexity and the scale of planetary changes, though, often feel elusive, or even unintelligible. This article aims to discuss the need to address the particularities and agency of the ocean, specifically exploring the role of art in empowering people to realize their bonds to the planet’s oceans and seas. After discussing the problematics of the long-established separation of land from sea, just like of culture from nature, the article presents theoretical positions that oppose these constructed binaries and approach oceans and seas as living bodies and at the same time as a medium. Four different artistic works are analysed with the goal to draw conclusions on how to live and be with the ocean, acknowledging its fluidity, diversity and complexity.
Conceptualizing the OneWater: Exploring the plural possibilities of community, saltwater and freshwater
Authors: Benson Tracey M.
Published: January 2025

The world’s oceans cover more than 70 per cent of the planet’s surface and contain 97 per cent of the water on planet Earth. Saltwater connects with freshwater with the outflow of every river and creek or from the drift of thunderstorms across islands to form new oceans. With a shared theme of water, recent projects are discussed as case studies for their focus on ecosystem awareness, cultural knowledge, arts and science and working collaboratively. Water is an essential element and connector of ecosystems, species and spirituality – of life. The ability of water to change forms from liquid to solid to gas offers insights into acknowledging that changeability and adaptability are core to species survival on the planet Earth. It is proposed that by respecting the knowledge that is embedded in the element of water that greater wisdom can be shared which can benefit all life on this planet. With this aspiration in mind, the term OneWater is used to explore the relational aspect of water to consider its connective quality, between watersheds and species. This concept is used to shift views of anthropogenic impacts and embrace a fuller recognition of Indigenous knowledge systems and the role they play in evolving our understanding of the OneWater.
Combatientes argelinos en las Brigadas Internacionales republicanas durante la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939)
Authors: Mouhoub Redouane
Published: January 2025

Una de las facetas destacables de la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1939) fue la aportación de voluntarios extranjeros procedentes de más de 50 países, organizados dentro del bando republicano en las Brigadas Internacionales. Si bien existen datos sobre la mayoría de los participantes en estas brigadas, especialmente europeos y angloamericanos, los relativos a los voluntarios árabes son escasos. Indican en particular que estos voluntarios árabes fueron víctimas de prejuicios vinculados a la figura del "moro", refiriéndose a los "moros", tropas regulares de origen marroquí a las órdenes de Francisco Franco. Sin embargo, las cifras aportadas por diversos autores varían entre 700 y 1000 voluntarios árabes, entre ellos 500 argelinos. Estos combatientes estaban impulsados por un espíritu internacionalista (la mayoría de ellos provenían de movimientos y partidos de izquierda europeos y locales) y estaban convencidos de que su lucha contra las fuerzas fascistas en España estaba ligada al ideal de independencia de sus países entonces bajo dominación francesa o inglesa.
Antonio Bueno García, Cervantes en Argel, Granada, Editorial Comares, 2024, 232 pp. [ISBN: 978-84- 1369-782-6]
Authors: Tolosa Miguel
Published: January 2025

Reseña de Antonio Bueno García, Cervantes en Argel, Granada, Editorial Comares, 2024, 232 pp. [ISBN: 978-84-1369-782-6]
Genotyping of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from wastewater of dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji , Yanestria Sheila Marty , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Plumeriastuti Hani , Tyasningsih Wiwiek , Ugbo Emmanuel Nnabuike , Sutrisno Rahayu , Safri Muhammad Ali Akramsyah
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in dairy farm wastewater represents a significant threat to environmental and public health due to the dissemination of antibiotic-resistance genes. This study investigates the molecular profiles of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates harboring blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes from dairy farm wastewater in East Java, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: Wastewater samples (n = 342) were collected from six major dairy regions in East Java: Pasuruan, Malang, Tulungagung, Blitar, Batu, and Kediri. The samples underwent bacterial isolation, identification, and ESBL phenotypic screening using the double-disk synergy test (DDST). Molecular genotyping of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Of the samples, 69.30% (237/342) tested positive for E. coli, with 32.91% (78/237) identified as ESBL producers through DDST. Molecular genotyping confirmed ESBL genes in 28.20% (22/78) of the isolates. The genotypic distribution was 77.2% (17/22) blaTEM, 4.5% (1/22) blaCTX-M, 9.0% (2/22) blaTEM + blaSHV, and 9.0% (2/22) blaTEM + blaCTX-M. These findings highlight the dominance of blaTEM and the presence of multi-gene combinations in East Java’s dairy farm wastewater.

Conclusion: The identified molecular profiles underscore dairy farm wastewater as a critical reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes, particularly blaTEM. Addressing this issue necessitates stringent antimicrobial use policies, improved wastewater management, and enhanced biosecurity measures. These findings support a One Health approach to mitigate environmental and public health risks associated with AMR.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, dairy farm wastewater, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Indonesia, public health.
Effect of Lipopolysaccharide and Bleeding on the Expression of Intestinal Proteins Involved in Iron and Haem Transport
Authors: Krijt Jan , Vokurka M. , Šefc L. , Ďuricová D. , Nečas E.
Published: January 2025

Haem carrier protein 1 (Hcp1) is a component of the haem-iron uptake pathway in the small intestine. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we examined the expression of Hcp1 and other intestinal irontransporting proteins in male C57BL/6 mice with experimentally altered iron homeostasis. Intestinal Hcp1 mRNA content was not significantly changed by iron overload (600 mg/kg); however, it was increased to 170 % of controls 72 h after withdrawal of 0.7 ml of blood; the same treatment increased intestinal Cybrd1 mRNA to 900 % of controls. LPS treatment (1 mg/kg, 6 h) decreased intestinal Hcp1 mRNA content to 66 % of controls and Flvcr mRNA content to 65 % of controls, while Cybrd1 mRNA, Dmt1 mRNA and Fpn1 mRNA decreased to 6 %, 43 % and 32 %, respectively. In 129SvJ mice with targeted disruption of the hemojuvelin (Hfe2) gene, which display very low expression of liver hepcidin, Cybrd1 mRNA content increased to 1040 %, Dmt1 mRNA content to 200 % and Fpn1 mRNA to 150 % when compared to wild-type mice; changes in Hcp1, Abcg2 and Flvcr mRNA content were only minor. Overall, these results suggest that, during inflammation, the intestinal haem-iron uptake pathway is not as strongly transcriptionally downregulated as the non-haem iron uptake pathway. A decrease in circulating hepcidin increases the expression of proteins participating in non-haem iron uptake, but has no significant effect on Hcp1 mRNA content.
A Karyometric Note on Nucleoli in Human Early Granulocytic Precursors
Authors: Smetana Karel , Mikulenková D. , Jirásková I. , Klamová H.
Published: January 2025

The diameter of nucleoli was measured in human bone marrow early granulocytic precursors after visualization by a simple cytochemical method for demonstration of RNA. Such method facilitated to clearly see nucleolar bodies without perinucleolar chromatin, including those of micronucleoli. The bone marrow of patients suffering from chronic myeloid leukaemia (untreated with cytostatics) provided a satisfactory number of both myeloblasts and promyelocytes for nucleolar measurements because of prevailing granulopoiesis. The direct nucleolar measurement was carried out on digitized and processed images on the screen at magnification 4,300x. It seems to be likely that the nucleolar size is directly related to the number of nucleoli per cell. The largest nucleoli were present in both myeloblasts and promyelocytes that possessed a single nucleolus. In contrast, the nucleolar diameter was significantly smaller in cells with multiple nucleoli. However, in cells with small multiple nucleoli, one of them was always larger and dominant with a large number of AgNORs. Such large nucleoli are possibly visible in specimens stained with panoptic procedures or methods staining nuclear chromatin or DNA. It should also be mentioned that both myeloblasts and promyelocytes mostly possessed two nucleoli with the mean diameter close to 1.5 µm. The incidence of early granulocytic precursors classified according to the nucleolar number and size strongly suggested that the various nucleolar number and nucleolar size in these cells might be related to the different stage of the cell cycle and might also explain their heterogeneity.
Elevated and Deregulated Expression of HDAC3 in Human Astrocytic Glial Tumours
Authors: Libý P. , Kostrouchová M. , Pohludka M. , Yilma P. , Hrabal P. , Sikora J. , Brožová E. , Kostrouchová M. , Rall J. E. , Kostrouch Zdeněk
Published: January 2025

Abnormal expression of histone deacetylases may contribute to the establishment of a cancer specific transcription profile. We examined expression of HDAC3 in human non-malignant gliosis and glial astrocytic tumours. Samples from four non-malignant gliosis and 17 astrocytic gliomas (six of grade II, one of grade III and ten of grade IV) removed for therapeutic purposes were assayed for HDAC3 expression at mRNA and protein levels. HDAC3 mRNA was detected in nontumorous gliosis as well as in all examined glial tumours. Seven out of eleven examined high-grade tumours showed an elevated number of copies of HDAC3 mRNA. Western blot analysis detected high levels of expression of HDAC3 in the majority of the examined tumours. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence made on a collection of 35 astrocytic tumours detected nuclear as well as cytoplasmic HDAC3 expression in all of those tumours. While the distribution of HDAC3 was both nuclear as well as cytoplasmic and moderate in intensity in non-malignant tissues and low-grade gliomas, high-grade tumours expressed HDAC3 in a focally deregulated pattern that included strongly pronounced cytoplasmic localization. Confocal microscopy and additional co-localization analysis detected nuclear HDAC3 in all tumours examined. We conclude that HDAC3 expression is elevated in human astrocytic tumours and its expression pattern is deregulated at the cellular level in high-grade gliomas.
On the variational nature of the Anzellotti pairing
Authors: Crasta Graziano , De Cicco Virginia
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we prove that the Anzellotti pairing can be regarded as a relaxed functional with respect to the weak⋆ convergence in the space

BV

\mathrm{BV}

of functions of bounded variation.
The crucial tool is a preliminary integral representation of this pairing by means of suitable cylindrical averages.
Gesture recognition from surface electromyography signals based on the SE-DenseNet network
Authors: Xiang Ying , Zheng Wei , Tang Jiajia , Dong You , Pang Yuhao
Published: January 2025

Objectives

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research of gesture recognition using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals based on machine learning and deep learning techniques. The main motivation for sEMG gesture recognition research is to provide more natural, convenient, and personalized human-computer interaction, which makes research in this field have considerable application prospects in rehabilitation technology. However, the existing gesture recognition algorithms still need to be further improved in terms of global feature capture, model computational complexity, and generalizability.

Methods

This paper proposes a fusion model of Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE) and DenseNet, inserting attention mechanism between DenseBlock and Transition to focus on the most important information, improving feature representation ability, and effectively solving the problem of gradient vanishing.

Results

This proposed method was tested on the electromyographic gesture datasets NinaPro DB2 and DB4, achieving accuracies of 85.93 and 82.39 % respectively. Through ablation experiments, it was found that the method based on DenseNet-101 as the backbone model produced the best results.

Conclusions

Compared with existing models, this proposed method has better robustness and generalizability in gesture recognition, providing new ideas for the development of sEMG signal gesture recognition applications in the future.
Formation of STEM Competencies of Future Teachers: Kazakhstani Experience
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Khadisha , Kadirbayeva Roza , Kudaibergenova Kuralay , Zharmukhanbetov Serik , Nurmukhanbetova Gulira
Published: January 2025

This article examines Kazakhstan’s approach to developing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) competencies in future teachers by analyzing educational programs (EPs) and key aspects of STEM education implementation. The purpose is to provide an in-depth understanding of Kazakhstan’s strategy for developing STEM skills in future educators through an analysis of existing EPs and the examination of implementation practices. Using quantitative and qualitative content analysis, this study reviews diverse publication sources from 2019 to 2023, including scientific journals, research projects, social media, and EPs. The findings highlight critical aspects of STEM education in Kazakhstan: curriculum integration, teacher training status, innovative teaching approaches, infrastructure development, and government support. Notably, the formation of STEM competencies among science teachers is considered essential in Kazakhstan’s modern teacher education, aligning with global practices. Effective STEM education implementation in Kazakhstan requires further program development incorporating STEM technologies, increased funding, and the application of international expertise.
The Present Monetary Policy Framework is Seriously Flawed
Authors: Biggs Michael , Mayer Thomas
Published: January 2025

The current approach to monetary policy encapsulates the belief that the monetary policy stance can be measured by the level of the real policy rate (r) relative to a neutral rate (r*). We argue that this interest rate gap (r – r*) is a flawed concept. It would only be meaningful, if r* could be theoretically and empirically unambiguously identified as an essential variable for the establishment of equilibrium conditions in the economy. In this case, the central bank could generate temporary deviations of r from r* to restore equilibrium when an exogenous shock pushed the economy into disequilibrium. But r* is ambiguous in theory and unobservable empirically. The consequence is that we can only measure a monetary policy impulse generated by changes in r, but not its stance relative to an incomprehensible benchmark. Moreover, while short term changes in demand are driven by changes in interest rates, the difference of actual financial rates to a notional neutral rate does not translate into the real world by itself. The level of real interest rates, which affects investment in the medium term, has differed from financial rates, which are managed by the central bank with regard to its estimates of a neutral rate r*. Hence, we argue that the current monetary policy framework is seriously flawed.
Extraction approaches for the isolation of some POPs from lipid-based environmental and food matrices: A review
Authors: Carriera Fabiana , Di Fiore Cristina , Iannone Alessia , Maio Monica , Avino Pasquale
Published: January 2025

This review examined various analytical approaches for extracting some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from environmental and food matrices containing lipid components. The impact of the lipid component on the extraction of such hazardous chemicals from fatty matrices is well-known due to their lipophilicity. The analysis of the scientific literature revealed different approaches, typically characterized by the use of a solvent mixture that leads to the co-extraction of lipid components, followed by one or more laborious clean-up steps to remove the interferents from the matrix. Despite the differences in the approaches used, the observed recoveries are high, >80%. Additionally, it was found that the same technique could extract different contaminants from various matrices, resulting in a loss of selectivity of the method used. The uncertainties suggested in this review consider (i) the actual extraction of POPs with polar solvents (e.g., acetonitrile) from lipid component, for which POPs may have higher retention; (ii) the use of laborious, long cleaning steps (e.g., polar and non-polar adsorbent phases) could affect recoveries; (iii) the absence of studies investigating the concrete and constant distribution of POPs between extractive solvent/lipid component and solvent/adsorbent phase. Further, the recent application of eutectic solvents was discussed as a promising approach towards a green chemistry procedure.
A Transfer of Language and Culture: German Bread and Pastries and Their Names in Kosovo
Authors: Hamiti Vjosa , Jusufi Lumnije
Published: January 2025

This article examines the linguistic and cultural influence of German bread culture in Kosovo, where bread holds significant meaning as a symbol of hospitality and community. The introduction of German bread products, driven by migration and economic changes, has transformed Kosovar “bread habits”. The Buka and Premium bakeries have played a crucial role in promoting German bread names and products, capitalising on their perceived prestige and association with healthy eating trends. The article researches German–Albanian relations and shows that there is intensive interaction especially in the area of food. This connection, along with the legacy of its former status as part of Yugoslavia, migration, and the presence of German-speaking institutions in Kosovo, highlights the role of bread as a culinary, language, and cultural link. Using the methodological lens of language and cultural transfer, the study demonstrates the significant influence of German bread culture on Kosovo’s bread-making practices and food culture.
Kosta Nikolić’s Book Krajina (1991–1995). An Extended Review
Authors: Savković Mirko
Published: January 2025

The essay comments on Kosta Nikolić’s voluminous study Krajina 1991–1995, jointly published in November 2023 by the Serb National Council in Croatia and the Fraktura publishing house. Nikolić delves into the ideologically charged story of the failed separatist proto-state of the Republic of Serbian Krajina which existed on the territory of Croatia in the first half of the 1990s. The book was written by a Belgrade-based historian and published by two Croatian publishers, one of which is the national coordinating body of the Serbs in Croatia and the other the country’s leading progressive publisher. This combination unsurprisingly sparked public interest and debate, which the author covers in this review essay, along with an assessment of the book as such. While largely forgotten beyond Croatia and Yugoslavia’s other successor states, the book’s topic is of relevance and provides salient lessons for contemporary separatist and territorial conflicts globally.
Salivary markers of metabolic risk in childhood
Authors: Amezola Villegas Natalia Paola , Rivera Hernández Andrea Samara , Rayas Hernández Tadeo Maximiliano , Preciado Puga Mónica del Carmen , Ibarra Reynoso Lorena del Rocío
Published: January 2025

Las enfermedades metabólicas, como la diabetes mellitus y el síndrome metabólico, son trastornos crónicos que han aumentado alarmantemente en la infancia debido al sedentarismo, mala alimentación y predisposición genética, resultando en una crisis global de obesidad infantil. En 2022, se reportaron 37 millones de niños menores de 5 años y 390 millones de niños y adolescentes de 5 a 19 años con sobrepeso. La detección temprana es crucial para prevenir complicaciones graves como enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes tipo 2 en la adultez. Los métodos tradicionales de detección son invasivos, limitando su uso en niños. Como alternativa, los marcadores salivales, siendo fáciles de obtener y no invasivos, proporcionan información valiosa sobre la salud metabólica. Estudios recientes han demostrado que componentes de la saliva, como glucosa, amilasa, resistina y leptina, entre otros, pueden indicar alteraciones metabólicas y riesgos antes de que aparezcan síntomas clínicos, facilitando el diagnóstico temprano y manejo de estas condiciones.
Biofábrica de péptidos bioactivos en innovación alimentaria
Authors: Hernandez Dominguez Juan Daniel , Gaspar Robles Hector , Gonzalez Rodriguez Alejandra , Galindo Murillo Guadalupe , Mendez Pérez Edgar David , León Galván Ma. Fabiola
Published: January 2025

En este estudio, nos enfocamos en la biofábrica de péptidos bioactivos para la innovación alimentaria, utilizando la cianobacteria Arthrospira platensis. Esta cianobacteria emplea el hidrógeno del agua como dador de electrones y CO2 como fuente de carbono, además de la luz para su crecimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer el cultivo de la cianobacteria en un biorreactor y determinar su cinética de crecimiento durante 26 días. Se obtuvo que, al día 26, el cultivo de Arthrospira platensis tiene un contenido de proteína de 63% y que la hidrolisis de estas proteínas, ya sea por métodos químicos o biológicos, puede liberar péptidos bioactivos que, incorporados a alimentos funcionales, pueden contribuir a la seguridad y sostenibilidad alimentaria.
En busca de una producción inocua de fresa con el control ecoamigable de Neopestalotiopsis rosae
Authors: González Álvarez Ana Daniela , Cruz Jiménez Dafne , Nuñez Diaz David Antonio , Rodríguez Lunar Jared Misael , Armendariz Flores Jonathan Ulises , Canchola Martínez María Isabel , Abraham Juárez Ma. del Rosario
Published: January 2025

En el estado de Guanajuato, el ataque del hongo Pestalotia (Neopestalotiopsis rosae) ha tenido un gran impacto social y económico en los últimos años en el cultivo de fresa, reportándose pérdidas de hasta un 70% de mortandad en las plantas. Por lo anterior, en esta investigación se buscó una alternativa de control ecoamigable, iniciando con un muestreo de los tejidos de corona, raíz y hoja visiblemente afectadas con Pestalotia, para identificarla por impronta. Se estableció un bioensayo con 6 tratamientos en un cultivo de fresa de la variedad Camino Real, afectado por Pestalotia, ubicado en la comunidad Ex Hacienda de Márquez, Irapuato, Gto.: Tratamiento Control (sin aplicación), T1: agua ozonizada, T2: Captan, T3: Trichomic, T4: Fusaramic, T5: Promobac (B. subtilis,), T6: Glicladium. Se hicieron 3 aplicaciones con una alternancia de 7 días entre estas y un monitoreo antes y después de las aplicaciones para evaluar la incidencia y la eficiencia de los tratamientos. Se aplicó un diseño de bloques completos al azar para el establecimiento de los tratamientos en el cultivo y se analizaron los datos con una prueba T student para comparar las medias entre los tratamientos. Se hizo colecta de frutos al inicio y al final del bioensayo de cada tratamiento para su evaluación de parámetros de calidad (morfología, peso, tamaño, color, SST, pH). De los tratamientos evaluados se puede argumentar que el mejor tratamiento con respecto a los otros tratamientos evaluados es el T5 (Promobac), siendo el que tuvo mayor control sobre la enfermedad, presentando para cada etapa (1-4) que sí existe diferencia significativa en comparación con el control, teniendo efecto sobre el índice de senescencia en las plantas (20% de mortandad) y en la calidad de los frutos de fresa. Se debe seguir trabajando en su validación para que en el corto plazo pueda ser utilizado por los fresicultores de la región, demostrando que pueden ser una alternativa factible y ecoamigable como sistema de control de este fitopatógeno en los cultivos de fresa.
Ambiente y comunidad: el mapeo comunitario como herramienta de detección de problemas socioambientales en Atarjea, Guanajuato
Authors: Caballero Olvera Miriam América , Reyes Tovar Miriam
Published: January 2025

En el presente trabajo, se parte de destacar cómo en los espacios de vulnerabilidad que se tienen en el estado deGuanajuato, particularmente en la Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato, donde los impactos provocados por el cambio climático, han permeado en las comunidades y se han gestado grandes problemas socioambientales. Ante ello, se presenta el trabajo realizado a través de la cartografía participativa como una herramienta que permita establecer estrategias de solución colaborativa en escala local, particularizando en las prácticas y conocimientos compartidos.
Detección de Mate1 y Dnmt1 en placentas de pacientes con diabetes gestacional tratadas con y sin metformina
Authors: Pantoja Barroso Claudia Jimena , Villanueva Tapia Leydi Arlette , Lara Cano Naomi Yhoalibeth , Moreno Barroso María Belén , Gutiérrez Alvarado Miguel Isaías , Paulino González Ángel David , Barbosa Sabanero Gloria , Lazo de la Vega Monroy María Luisa
Published: January 2025

La Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) es un problema de salud significativo tanto a nivel mundial como nacional. La ausencia del control metabólico de las pacientes embarazadas con esta condición aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones como preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, síndrome metabólico, así como hipoglucemia neonatal, macrosomía, partos distócicos, obesidad infantil, óbitos, entre otros. Esto se relaciona con el concepto DOHaD “Los orígenes del desarrollo de la salud y la enfermedad”, la cual afirma que los factores ambientales adversos durante el desarrollo fetal inducen cambios metabólicos que pueden impactar a corto y largo plazo.La metformina se emplea para el tratamiento de la DMG y aún no se conoce completamente su impacto a nivel molecular en el tejido placentario y sobre la salud de la descendencia. Los mecanismos intracelulares que permiten a la metformina atravesar la barrera hemato-placentaria son objeto de investigación, mostrando interés en los transportadores del fármaco, como MATE1, el cual, en compañía de OCT3, proporciona una vía excretora del transporte de metformina desde el feto a la madre. Por otro lado, la DNMT1 es una enzima metil-transferasa que se destaca como posible contribuyente crucial en el origen de diversas enfermedades.En este artículo se muestran los resultados de un estudio piloto realizado en un grupo de pacientes con embarazo fisiológico, embarazo con DMG en control con dieta y ejercicio, además de embarazo con DMG tratadas con metformina, donde se compararon los niveles de expresión proteica de MATE1 y DNMT1 mediante Western blot.
La violencia hacia el cuerpo de la mujer en contextos de conflictos armados
Authors: Raquel Mercenario Galicia , Sánchez González Mónica Elivier
Published: January 2025

El siguiente articulo busca hacer una aproximación teórica sobre la violencia sexual en conflictos armados, enfocándose en la apropiación del cuerpo de las mujeres como exhibición del grupo dominante. Se exploran los vínculos entre el sistema patriarcal hegemónico y la utilización del cuerpo de la mujer como símbolo de territorio a dominar. Basándose en los escritos de Marcela Lagarde y Ríos y Rita Segato, se analiza cómo esta violencia, más que ser sexual, es política. Además, se realiza un recorrido histórico de conflictos armados donde esta violencia es utilizada para representar el dominio total sobre grupos subordinados. Se aborda también la percepción del cuerpo femenino como un tributo tomado por el grupo dominante para mostrar su poder. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre el papel de los medios de comunicación en la normalización y privatización de esta violencia, destacando su impacto en la empatía social y su explotación como producto de consumo.
Adsorption of hexavalent chromium in a continuous stirred tank using exhausted wheat stubble immobilized in sodium alginate
Authors: Hernández Lara Ma. de Lourdes , Bata García Edith Monserrat , Cantor Arriaga Ángeles Guadalupe , Olalde García Dulce Camila , Morales Vargas AdánTopiltzin , Zárate Castrejón José Luis , Peña Caballero Vicente
Published: January 2025

Agricultural and agro-industrial waste are good adsorbents of heavy metals, whether used naturally, pretreated or immobilized in other biopolymers, due to their content of functional groups with positive and/or negative charges. In addition, they are characterized for being biodegradable and for their compatibility with other materials, and for their opportunity of reuse for the design of alternative technologies for the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals, for example: cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), among other metals, with negative impact on society and the environment. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the adsorption capacity of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), by using three organic adsorbent materials (derived from residual materials from the production of Pleurotus djamor) and immobilized on alginate in continuous adsorption processes to evaluate the adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) on the adsorbents. For this purpose, the adsorption capacity of chromium ions in aqueous phase in a glass tank (glass reactor) with a controllable stirring system was evaluated, as well as the rate of Cr(VI) increase and the adsorption load of the metal on the adsorbents. The results show a better adsorption capacity on the adsorbent composed of depleted wheat substrate and immobilized on sodium alginate. In relation to the lowest Cr(VI) rate of increase in the tank volume, it was 0.1251 and 0.0072 mg Cr(VI) min-1, respectively, 60 and 5 mg L-1 of Cr(VI) in the feed stream to the tank. Both results for depleted and immobilized substrate in sodium alginate. Finally, for the same adsorbent, the adsorbent loading capacity was higher. The adsorbents preliminarily analyzed showed good adsorption capacity.
Vidrio, estudio acerca de la importancia de educarnos entorno a su reciclaje. El problema del reciclaje del vidrio en México
Authors: Noriega Zarate María Fernanda , Gómez Escalante Juan Ignacio , Téllez García María Isabel de Jesús , Pineda Almanza Alma
Published: January 2025

En la presente investigación se abordarán estrategias para fomentar la reutilización del vidrio con un beneficio en productos decorativos, desde la indagación sobre el estado actual de la cultura ecológica y del reciclaje en México, las diversas técnicas para la manipulación del vidrio, así como el proceso de estas y sus restricciones.