bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Exact Traveling Wave Solutions of the Non-linear (2+1)-dimensional Klein-gordon Equation
Authors: Babajanov Bazar , Abdikarimov Fakhriddin
Published: February 2024

In this article, we discuss the nonlinear (2+1)-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation with an additional term. The functional variable method is used to construct exact solutions of the quadratic and cubic nonlinear (2+1)-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation. The exact solutions of these equations including soliton and periodic wave solutions are obtained. The advantage of the used method beyond other existing methods is that it provides more new exact solutions. Some selected solutions of the equations are presented graphically by Matlab program. This method is efficient and it can be successfully used to obtain another nonlinear wave equations in mathematical physics and engineering.
Autoimmune pancreatitis: Cornerstones and future perspectives
Authors: Gallo Camilla , Dispinzieri Giulia , Zucchini Nicola , Invernizzi Pietro , Massironi Sara
Published: February 2024

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an autoimmune subtype of chronic pancreatitis resulting from the aberrant immune response against the pancreas, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Although AIP is rare, its incidence is increasing and is often misdiagnosed as other pancreatic diseases. AIP is commonly classified into two types. Type 1 AIP (AIP-1) is typically associated with elevated serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels and systemic manifestations, while type 2 AIP is typically a more localized form of the disease, and may coexist with other autoimmune disorders, especially inflammatory bowel diseases. Additionally, there is emerging recognition of a third type (type 3 AIP), which refers to immunotherapy-triggered AIP, although this classification is still gaining acceptance in medical literature. The clinical manifestations of AIP mainly include painless jaundice and weight loss. Elevated serum IgG4 levels are particularly characteristic of AIP-1. Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical, laboratory, radiological, and histological findings, given the similarity of AIP symptoms to other pancreatic disorders. The mainstay of treatment for AIP is steroid therapy, which is effective in most cases. Severe cases might require additional imm-unosuppressive agents. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of AIP, encompassing its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options. We also address the challenges and controversies in diagnosing and treating AIP, such as distinguishing it from pancreatic cancer and managing long-term treatment, highlighting the need for increased awareness and knowledge of this complex disease.
Mitochondrial dysfunction affects hepatic immune and metabolic remodeling in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tian Xiao-Ling , Li Jie-Qun , Wu Dong-Sheng , Li Qiang , Chen Bin
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Immune dysregulation and metabolic derangement have been recognized as key factors that contribute to the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). However, the mechanisms underlying immune and metabolic derangement in patients with advanced HBV-ACLF are unclear.

AIM

To identify the bioenergetic alterations in the liver of patients with HBV-ACLF causing hepatic immune dysregulation and metabolic disorders.

METHODS

Liver samples were collected from 16 healthy donors (HDs) and 17 advanced HBV-ACLF patients who were eligible for liver transplantation. The mitochondrial ultrastructure, metabolic characteristics, and immune microenvironment of the liver were assessed. More focus was given to organic acid metabolism as well as the function and subpopulations of macrophages in patients with HBV-ACLF.

RESULTS

Compared with HDs, there was extensive hepatocyte necrosis, immune cell infiltration, and ductular reaction in patients with ACLF. In patients, the liver suffered severe hypoxia, as evidenced by increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Swollen mitochondria and cristae were observed in the liver of patients. The number, length, width, and area of mitochondria were adaptively increased in hepatocytes. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation decreased, while anaerobic glycolysis was enhanced in patients with HBV-ACLF. These findings suggested that, to a greater extent, hepa-tocytes used the extra-mitochondrial glycolytic pathway as an energy source. Patients with HBV-ACLF had elevated levels of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 in the liver homogenate, which stimulates peripheral monocyte infiltration into the liver. Characterization and functional analysis of macrophage subsets revealed that patients with ACLF had a high abundance of CD68+ HLA-DR+ macrophages and elevated levels of both interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor-β1 in their livers. The abundance of CD206+ CD163+ macrophages and expression of interleukin-10 decreased. The correlation analysis revealed that hepatic organic acid metabolites were closely associated with macrophage-derived cytokines/chemokines.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that bioenergetic alteration driven by hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction affects hepatic immune and metabolic remodeling, leading to advanced HBV-ACLF. These findings highlight a new therapeutic target for improving the treatment of HBV-ACLF.
A tutorial on fitting joint models of M/EEG and behavior to understand cognition
Authors: Nunez Michael D. , Fernandez Kianté , Srinivasan Ramesh , Vandekerckhove Joachim
Published: February 2024

We present motivation and practical steps necessary to find parameter estimates of joint models of behavior and neural electrophysiological data. This tutorial is written for researchers wishing to build joint models of human behavior and scalp and intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) or magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data, and more specifically those researchers who seek to understand human cognition. Although these techniques could easily be applied to animal models, the focus of this tutorial is on human participants. Joint modeling of M/EEG and behavior requires some knowledge of existing computational and cognitive theories, M/EEG artifact correction, M/EEG analysis techniques, cognitive modeling, and programming for statistical modeling implementation. This paper seeks to give an introduction to these techniques as they apply to estimating parameters from neurocognitive models of M/EEG and human behavior, and to evaluate model results and compare models. Due to our research and knowledge on the subject matter, our examples in this paper will focus on testing specific hypotheses in human decision-making theory. However, most of the motivation and discussion of this paper applies across many modeling procedures and applications. We provide Python (and linked R) code examples in the tutorial and appendix. Readers are encouraged to try the exercises at the end of the document.
Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları I
Authors: Aslantürk Nursel , Yenen Avcı Yıldız , Bayazıt Zeynep Zeliha , Çoraklı Şahbender , Göker Nurullah , Turan Dilek , Yaman Hakan , Zeka Semih , Morkoç Ayvaz
Published: February 2024

Hitit Metinlerinde Geçen Hatti Tanrıları: Tanrı Ṷahzašu” ve “Tanrı Taḫampiṷu
Nursel ASLANTÜRK
Atasözlerimizde “Şiddet” Kavramı
Yıldız YENEN AVCI
Mi̇llî Edebi̇yat Dönemi̇ Romanlarının Sağlık ve Hastalık Kavramları Bakımından İncelenmesi
Yıldız YENEN AVCI
Beyi̇n Araştırmaları Işığında Prozodi̇ Di̇zgesi̇ ve Beyi̇ndeki̇ İşlenmesi
Zeynep Zeliha BAYAZIT
2000-2018 Yılları Arası Türki̇ye’de Alman Di̇li̇ne Yöneli̇k‘Göç Edebi̇yatı’ Alanında Yazılmış Lisansüstü Tezlere İli̇şki̇n Bi̇r İçerik Analizi
Şahbender ÇORAKLI
Nurullah GÖKER
Yeni̇den Çevi̇ri̇ Kuramı ve Arthur Schni̇tzler’Traumnovelle” (1926) Adli Eseri̇ni̇n Yeni̇den Çevi̇ri̇leri̇ Üzerine
Dilek TURAN
Seyf-i Fergânî’ni̇n Gazelleri̇nde Peygamberler
Hakan YAMAN
İslâmî Edebi̇yatlarda Ta‘bîrnâme Yazma Geleneği
Hakan YAMAN
Hüseyi̇n Rahmi̇ Gürpinar’in Roman ve Hi̇kâyeleri̇nde Keli̇me Oyunları
Semih ZEKA
Sovyet Dönemi̇ Azerbaycan Edebi̇yatinda Hikâye
Ayvaz MORKOÇ
Fıtık Cerrahisi
Authors: Şahan Cihan , Yazıcı Hilmi , Edizsoy Akay , Talay Merve , Yücel Ezgi Direnç , Çakmak Ahmet , Edizsoy Akay , Güneş Yasin , Alay Demet , Esmer Ahmet Cem , Akyüz Cüneyt , Demirpolat Muhammed Taha , Boztaş Demir Asya Eylem , Hacıoğlu Ali Doruk , Güneş Yasin , Bilgili Ali Cihan , Çakmak Ahmet
Published: February 2024

Fıtık Tarihçesi
Cihan ŞAHAN
İnguinal Herni Anatomisi ve Epidemiyolojisi
Hilmi YAZICI
Erişkin Kasık Fıtıklarında Preoperatif Değerlendirme
Akay EDİZSOY
Kasık Fıtıklarında Preoperatif Radyolojik Değerlendirme
Merve TALAY
Kasık Fıtığı Cerrahisinde Anestezi
Ezgi Direnç YÜCEL
Kasık Fıtığında Prostetik Materyaller
Ahmet ÇAKMAK
Kasık Fıtıklarında Mesh Sabitleyiciler
Akay EDİZSOY
Açık Meshsiz İnguinal Herni Onarımı
Yasin GÜNEŞ
İnguinal Hernide İntestinal Yaralanmalar ve Komplikasyon Yönetimi
Demet ALAY
Açık Preperitoneal Fıtık Onarımı
Ahmet Cem ESMER
Açık Femoral Herni Onarımı
Cüneyt AKYÜZ
Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) Herni Onarımı
Hilmi YAZICI
Total Ekstraperitoneal Onarım (TEP)
Cihan ŞAHAN
İnguinal Hernilerde Robotik Onarım
Muhammed Taha DEMİRPOLAT
Çocuk Kasık Fıtıklarına Yaklaşım
Asya Eylem BOZTAŞ DEMİR
Çocuk Kasık Fıtıklarında Cerrahi Tedavi
 Asya Eylem BOZTAŞ DEMİR
Postoperatif Hasta Yönetimi
Ali Doruk HACIOĞLU
İnguinodini'de Nonoperatif Hasta Yönetimi
Yasin GÜNEŞ
İnguinodoni ve Cerrahi Tedavi Yöntemleri
Ali Cihan BİLGİLİ
Sporcu Fıtığı ve Pubalji
Ahmet ÇAKMAK
Açık Anterior Meshli İnguinal Herni Onarımı
Demet ALAY
Nüks İnguinal Herniler
Muhammed Taha DEMİRPOLAT
Acil Kasık Fıtığı Cerrahisi
Ali Doruk HACIOĞLU
Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları ( AYBAK 2018 Eylül )
Authors: Kamaşak Tülay , Irmak Giritoğlu Nazlı , Güven Burcu , Reis Gökçe Pınar , Özdamar Mustafa Yaşar , Deleş Bayram , Yapıcı Gülçin , Yeniocak Tunç Aylin
Published: February 2024

Neonatal ve İnfantil Dönemin Epileptik Ensefalopatilerine Genetik Bir Bakış
Tülay KAMAŞAK
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Sendromu
Nazlı Irmak GİRİTLİOĞLU
Çocuklarda Üst Gastroi̇ntesti̇nal Si̇stem Kanamalarina Yaklaş
Burcu GÜVEN
Çocukluk Çaği Trombosi̇topeni̇leri̇ni̇n Önemli̇ Bi̇r Nedeni̇: İmmün Trombosi̇topeni̇
Gökçe Pınar REİS
Çocuklarda Fonksi̇yonel Kabızlık
Mustafa Yaşar ÖZDAMAR
Anne – Çocuk Bağlanması
Bayram DELEŞ
Ülkemi̇zde Topuk Kanı İle Uygulanan Yeni̇doğan Taramalarına Bakış
Gülçin YAPICI
Aylin YENİOCAK TUNÇ
Ethnic village as a regional tourism brand
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Suleymanova Olesya A.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of ethnic village as a special type of tourist destination. The characteristic features and features of the functioning of the ethnocomplex «Sami village “Sam Syyt” Ivelviga» («Saami village») on the territory of the Murmansk region are indicated. The role and place of the Saami ethno-village as a regional tourism brand in the development of ethno-tourism and the popularization of the ethno-cultural heritage of the region is shown.
From the history of the “Kola Land” by I. F. Ushakov: the idea and stages of preparation of the book
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic University, Nikonov Sergei A. ,   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chaplygina Daria A. ,   State Archive of the Murmansk Region, Murmansk Arctic University
Published: February 2024

The article examines the history of the preparation of the monograph of the Murmansk historian I. F. Ushakov "Kola land". The book became the final study of the pre-Soviet history of the Kola North, bringing its author well-deserved recognition. The article pays attention to the circumstances of the preparation of this study, the role of institutions (Murmansk Book Publishing House), structures (Department of History of the Murmansk State Pedagogical Institute) and personalities in the implementation of the creative idea. A significant role in the preparation of the book was played by the scientific cooperation of I. F. Ushakov and I. P. Shaskolsky.
Transformation of the perception of the Civil War in Karelia by participants and eyewitnesses of events (according to the memoirs and autobiographical materials of the 1930s–1960s)
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dubrovskaya Elena Ju.
Published: February 2024

The author shows the special significance of the collected in the 1930s–1960s, both published and stored in the Scientific Archive of the Karelian Science Сentre (SA KarRC RAS), autobiographical materials and memoirs about the Civil War and allied intervention in Russian Karelia. The process of transforming the collective memory of participants and eyewitnesses of these dramatic events under the influence of the officially constructed Soviet discourse was covered. The relevance of studying historical experience and mechanisms of refraction and change in images of the past, the "image of the enemy" that took place over the years in the memory of witnesses of the era was noted. The origin of the used texts was established, their specifics were considered. At the same time, it was noted that the analyzed memories and materials cannot be considered a historical source of exclusively personal origin, since they inevitably bear the seal of the time when they were written or recorded by the collectors of "Stories about the Civil War in Karelia." Identified using the case study method, the "living evidence" of the past allows you to turn to the "human dimension" of time, seeing it from a historical and anthropological perspective.
Rock art of the Murmansk region
Authors:   Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolpakov Evgeny M.
Published: February 2024

Since 1973, the Kola expedition of the IHMC RAS has discovered and studied 4 rock art sites located in the Arctic. They demonstrate both similarities with other sites of Fennoscandia and significant differences. Individual figures and their compositions are classified into a small number of types. This suggests that it was not “scenes from life” that were depicted, but mythological subjects.
About the XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Suleymanova Olesya A.
Published: February 2024

The article is dedicated to the XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia (CAER), which took place on June 26–30, 2023 in St. Petersburg. More than 800 scientists took part in the Congress, including employees of the Center for Humanitarian Problems of the Barents Region of the Federal Research Center KSC RAS. The organizers of the congress in 2023 were the Association of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia, the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkamera) RAS, St. Petersburg State University and the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology. N. N. Miklouho-Maclay RAS. Traditionally, the achievements of world and domestic ethnology and anthropology were discussed within the framework of the congress.
Grateful and productive tandem (in blessed memory of E. Ya. Patsia and B. I. Koshechkin)
Authors:   Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shumkin Vladimir Y.
Published: February 2024

The article is dedicated to Boris Ivanovich Koshchechkin and Evgenia Yakovlevna Patsia, with whom the author has met, worked and befriended for over 30 years and is founded exclusively on personal memories of joint events, without any embellishment and fiction, in order to honor the memory of these wonderful people who have already left us and remind the living of the deeds they have done. The role of B. I. Koshechkin and E. Ya. Patsia in the development of humanitarian research at the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences is underlined.
Description of the hitherto unknown female of Rhyacophila siparantum Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Kučinić, 2021 (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from Kosovo
Authors: Bilalli Astrit , Ibrahimi Halil , Musliu Milaim , Geci Donard
Published: February 2024

The hitherto unknown female of Rhyacophila siparantum Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Kučinić, 2021 is described. In addition, some ecological notes about this rare species of Kosovo are provided. The female genitalia of R. siparantum are very similar to those of Rhyacophila hirticornis McLachlan, 1879 (known from numerous locations in Europe) and Rhyacophila schmidinarica Urbanič, Krušnik & Malicky, 2000 (known only from Slovenia and Croatia). The female genitalia of Rhyacophila siparantum can be easily distinguished from both species by its rounded apical part of segment VIII on ventral view, along with other morphological differences.
Examining the perceptions and practices of Romanian psychiatry residents regarding electroconvulsive therapy
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Tokasik Irina-Mihaela , Nistor Diana-Elena ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Horosan Lavinia ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) stands as a controversial yet efficacious psychiatric intervention, attracting clinical interest and public debate. In Romania, where cultural, historical, and systemic factors influence medical practices, research on the perceptions of psychiatric residents regarding ECT is limited. Objective and methods. The primary objective of this study is to gain insights into the attitudes and practices of psychiatric residents regarding ECT in Romania. An online survey was conducted among Romanian trainees, collecting data on demographics, ECT exposure, safety and efficacy perceptions, training experiences, and the impact of stigma on clinical decisions. Results. The survey, encompassing responses from 49 Romanian psychiatric residents, revealed that nearly 70% of them were exposed to ECT procedures, with varying frequencies of attendance. While safety and efficacy perceptions were predominantly positive, with 75.5% considering ECT safe and 73.5% deeming it effective, significant training gaps were evident. Only 16.3% received specific ECT training, highlighting the need for more comprehensive education. Stigma had a mild to moderate impact on clinical decisions, emphasizing the importance of targeted educational efforts. Beliefs and preconceptions about ECT among patients and colleagues underscored the necessity for thorough patient education. Despite these challenges, an overwhelming majority (89.8%) expressed a favorable inclination towards expanding ECT use, signifying a potential shift towards greater acceptance within the young psychiatric community. Conclusion. This study provides valuable insights into the perspectives and practices of psychiatric residents regarding ECT in Romania. Enhancing ECT training and addressing stigma is essential to ensure its safe and effective use in psychiatric practice. Healthcare institutions and policymakers should prioritize these efforts to promote evidence-based psychiatric treatment decisions.
Assessing the efficacy of antidepressant treatment in opioid-dependent patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment: A literature review
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Horosan Lavinia , Nistor Diana-Elena ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Opioid dependence and co-occurring depressive disorders represent a significant clinical challenge within the field of psychiatry, necessitating effective interventions to improve patient outcomes. Antidepressant treatment has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach, yet its efficacy in the context of Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) remains inconclusive. Methods. To address this critical knowledge gap, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. Databases including PubMed, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Google Scholar, and Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Reviews were meticulously searched for relevant publications from January 2010 to June 2022, using targeted keywords (“antidepressants,” “opioid addiction,” “methadone”). Results. The review uncovered a complex landscape of studies, highlighting the challenges in evaluating the efficacy of antidepressant treatment in opioid-dependent individuals receiving MMT. While some investigations have reported modest benefits in alleviating depressive symptoms, others remain inconclusive or contradictory. Desvenlafaxine, a dualaction antidepressant, demonstrated some effectiveness in this population, suggesting a potential treatment option. However, these findings necessitate further exploration through large-scale, complex studies with a focus on diverse patient populations. Discussion. The multifaceted nature of opioid dependence, comorbid depressive disorders, and the complexities of MMT underscore the challenges in ascertaining treatment outcomes definitively. Additionally, the potential for adverse effects and drug interactions, particularly in cases of relapse, complicates the therapeutic landscape. Patients often resort to self-medicating depressive symptoms with other substances, further clouding the interpretation of treatment results. Conclusion. The literature review reveals the need for continued research to elucidate the role of antidepressant treatment in opioid-dependent patients undergoing MMT. As patients’ needs vary widely, a comprehensive approach to managing affective symptoms should encompass not only pharmacotherapy but also various psychotherapeutic and social interventions. By addressing these complexities, future research may pave the way for more tailored and effective treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing the well-being of individuals grappling with the dual burdens of opioid dependence and depressive disorders within the MMT context.
Lumbar disc herniation in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report
Authors:   Rheumatology Department, Duta Wacana Christian University School of Medicine, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Sari Lisa Kurnia , Fadjarsugeng Nathania ,   Rheumatology Department, Duta Wacana Christian University School of Medicine, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

The most frequent neurological manifestation in SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) is cognitive disorder, so lumbar disc herniation in SLE is uncommon. Disc herniation is a degenerative disc disorder (DDD) that is often correlated with aging. However it can be caused by an inflammatory reaction. TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) is an essential pro-inflammatory cytokine in DDD-related SLE. We present the case of a 26‐year‐old female with SLE and disc herniation L5-S1.
Biofeedback Endurance Training for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: a Non-Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Guseva Olga V. , Zhukova Natalia G.
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION. Parkinson’s disease is a disease with the highest rates of disability growth in the neurodegenerative pathology group, with the leading motor symptom — impaired walking and an increased risk of falling. There is evidence that Parkinson’s disease preserves stability for cycling. The issue of extending the effects of cycling training to daily activity, including walking, remains unclear.
AIM. To evaluate the effect of a course of endurance training on a cycle ergometer with biofeedback (BFB) on a walking ability of a patient with Parkinson’s disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 69 patients with stages 2–3 Parkinson’s disease according to the Hoehn and Yahr Rating Scale were included in the study, group 1: 34 people (60.05 ± 7.07 years) and group 2: 35 patients (61.75 ± 7.53 years). The patients were examined — anamnesis collection: duration of Parkinson disease, presence of arterial hypertension (AH), sports history, medication, assessment of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), body mass index (BMI), “6-minute walk” test (6MWT), motor function according to the MDS UPDRS scale — part III. The patients of group 1 had daily exercises on a digital bicycle ergometer with BOS for 10 days, the patients of group 2 — therapeutic gymnastics. The therapy was assessed by repeated 6MWT.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The Parkinson’s disease duration was longer in the patients of group 1. Concomitant hypertension was in 20 (57 %) patients of group 1 and 16 (47 %) patients of group 2 (p 0.05). 11 people of group 1 and 5 of group 2 had a sports history (p = 0.07). The indicators of SBP and DBP of groups 1 and 2 had normal values during the examination. BMI in both groups corresponded to excess body weight. Patients had risk factors of the modern world: hypertension and overweight. Motor disorders according to the MDS UPDRS — Part III scale were greater in group 1. Despite having serious motor impairments in group 1, after the therapy, the patients demonstrated an increase in the distance traveled in 6 minutes (392.18 ± 96.3 m vs. 476.43 ± 108.08 m; p 0.05), while no changes were found in group 2.
CONCLUSION. BOS endurance training on a cycle ergometer is effective for walking rehabilitation of Parkinson’s disease patients.
A Comparative Study for Performance of Five Landsat-based Vegetation Indices: Their Relations to Some Ecological and Terrain Variables
Authors: Al-Quraishi Ayad , Razvanchy Hawar , Gaznayee Heman
Published: February 2024

Spectral vegetation indices and their relations to some ecological and terrain variables in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR) are the main objective of this study. A mosaic of two Landsat-7 ETM+ images was utilized to produce five spectral vegetation indices, and the Terra ASTER Digital Elevation Model (DEM) dataset was employed. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), Tasseled Cap Greenness, and Land Surface Temperature (LST) were utilized for this study. The results of the current study revealed that MSAVI2 is more reliable and accurate in depicting the vegetation presence in the IKR, which occupied 34.7% of the total study area in 2014. In terms of terrain variables, all vegetation indices responded to variation in aspect ratio. It was found that the densest vegetation exists between 180 and 350°. Mainly, in the South (157.5°-202.5°), Southwest (202.5°-247.5°), West (247.5°-292.5°), Northwest (292.5°-337.5°), and North (337.5°-360°). In contrast, from the aspect ratio point of view, vegetation cover growth was at its maximum status on the shaded side of the mountains, more than on the sunny side. Additionally, the adequate slope for vegetation growth in the mountainous lands is 9–17%. Statistically, the LST appeared to have negative relationships with vegetation indices and elevation.
Preços de fertilizantes impactando a produção agrícola brasileira
Authors: Ogino Cristiane Mitie , Vieira Filho José Eustáquio Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

O Brasil enfrenta uma significativa dependência da importação de fertilizantes minerais, essenciais para a produção agrícola. Os recentes aumentos nos preços desses insumos, tanto a nível internacional quanto nacional, têm gerado preocupações no setor agrícola, especialmente em solos tropicais como os brasileiros, que já apresentam limitações para o cultivo. A alta dependência de importação expõe a agricultura brasileira a flutuações nos preços globais desses fertilizantes. Diante desse cenário, alternativas de nutrição de plantas, como adubação verde e bioinsumos, têm ganhado destaque, oferecendo opções para aumentar a produtividade agrícola. No entanto, apesar das inovações, a alta dos preços dos fertilizantes minerais continua sendo uma preocupação para o setor. O estudo propõe analisar o impacto de choques nos preços desses insumos na produção agrícola brasileira, buscando entender como a variação dos custos dos fertilizantes afeta a quantidade e a dinâmica da produção agrícola, tanto a curto quanto a longo prazo, além de examinar especificamente os efeitos na produção de soja, um dos principais produtos agrícolas do país.
Desenvolvimento sustentável e mudança climática: externalidade de poder negativa em adaptação climática no Brasil
Authors: Pinheiro Danielle Sandi
Published: February 2024

O texto analisa a complexidade da governança da mudança climática no Brasil, observando a lacuna entre o discurso oficial e a implementação efetiva de políticas públicas. Destaca-se a prevalência de agendas econômicas e políticas de curto prazo sobre uma abordagem integrada para a mudança climática e o desenvolvimento sustentável. Essa desconexão é atribuída aos interesses conflitantes e à influência das relações de poder social, econômico e político, resultando em controvérsias e falta de ações eficazes. Propõe-se uma análise multidisciplinar que combina dimensões econômicas, fontes de poder social e governança para entender as externalidades de poder negativas que afetam a formulação de políticas climáticas e de desenvolvimento sustentável. O texto é estruturado em três seções, abordando os fundamentos teóricos, a situação atual de externalidades de poder negativas no Brasil em relação à adaptação climática, e sugestões para a construção de políticas mais eficazes.
Politicised Environments: Governance, Mobilisation and Time
Authors: Alt Suvi , Peša Iva
Published: February 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
MOBILITY-AS-A-SERVICE: LITERATURE AND TOOLS REVIEW WITH A FOCUS ON PERSONALIZATION
Authors: Turno Francesco Maria , Yatskiv Jackiva Irina
Published: February 2024

In the coming years, mobility initiatives should focus on sustainability, safety, and social equity. This can be achieved by introducing innovative transportation methods, implementing novel approaches for end-users, and optimizing the utilization of traditional modes of transport. To achieve this goal, it is essential to utilize pervasive sensing and computing technologies, along with intelligent information processing systems, to assist decision makers, managers, and transport operators. To effectively address unforeseen events and disruptions, mobility services should promptly adapt and improve their flexibility. Furthermore, these services should be adaptable to meet the unique needs and evolving demands of individuals. Current research focuses on understanding how individuals make decisions about when and where they engage in walking, driving, and travel activities. Therefore, it is important to develop reliable human mobility models in this context. Big data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are important in this context as they enable data generators to identify individual patterns and quickly adapt solutions. This paper aims to conduct a literature review on Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS), focusing on personalization, to identify gaps in current MaaS initiatives. This assessment is essential for creating inclusive, user-friendly, personalized, and customizable MaaS solutions. To conclude, the existing challenges have been addressed in comprehending the characteristics of MaaS in terms of personalization. Additionally, they have been proposed further research questions to delve deeper into this aspect.
The Spatial Distribution of Type Ia Supernovae within Host Galaxies
Authors: Pritchet Christopher , Thanjavur Karun , Bottrell Connor , Gao Yan
Published: February 2024

We study how type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are spatially distributed within their host galaxies, using data taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This paper specifically tests the hypothesis that the SNe Ia rate traces the r-band light of the morphological component to which supernovae belong. A sample of supernovae is taken from the SDSS SN Survey, and host galaxies are identified. Each host galaxy is decomposed into a bulge and disk, and the distribution of supernovae is compared to the distribution of disk and bulge light. Our methodology is relatively unaffected by seeing. We find that, in galaxies dominated by disk light, SNe Ia trace light closely. The situation is less clear for bulges and ellipticals, because of resolution effects, but the available evidence is also consistent with the hypothesis that bulge/elliptical SNe Ia follow light.
The Optically Thick Rotating Magnetic Wind from a Massive White Dwarf Merger Product. II. Axisymmetric Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Zhong Yici , Kashiyama Kazumi , Takasao Shinsuke , Shigeyama Toshikazu , Fujisawa Kotaro
Published: February 2024

We numerically construct a series of axisymmetric rotating magnetic wind solutions, aiming at exploring the observation properties of massive white dwarf (WD) merger remnants with a strong magnetic field, a fast spin, and an intense mass loss, as inferred for WD J005311. We investigate the magnetospheric structure and the resultant spin-down torque exerted to the merger remnant with respect to the surface magnetic flux Φ*, spin angular frequency Ω* and the mass-loss rate

M

̇

. We confirm that the wind properties for

σ
≡

Φ

*

2

Ω

*

2

/

M

̇

v

esc

3

≳
1

significantly deviate from those of the spherical Parker wind, where v
esc is the escape velocity at stellar surface. For such a rotating magnetic wind sequence, we find (i) a quasiperiodic mass eruption triggered by magnetic reconnection along with the equatorial plane and (ii) a scaling relation for the spin-down torque

T
≈
(
1

/

2
)
×

M

̇

Ω

*

R

*

2

σ

1

/

4

. We apply our results to discuss the spin-down evolution and wind anisotropy of massive WD merger remnants, the latter of which could be probed by a successive observation of WD J005311 using Chandra.
Classification of Enhanced Geoeffectiveness Resulting from High-speed Solar Wind Streams Compressing Slower Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Heinemann Stephan G. , Sishtla Chaitanya , Good Simon , Grandin Maxime , Pomoell Jens
Published: February 2024

High-speed solar wind streams (HSSs) interact with the preceding ambient solar wind to form stream interaction regions (SIRs), which are a primary source of recurrent geomagnetic storms. However, HSSs may also encounter and subsequently interact with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). In particular, the impact of the interaction between slower ICMEs and faster HSSs represents an unexplored area that requires further in-depth investigation. This specific interaction can give rise to unexpected geomagnetic storm signatures, diverging from the conventional expectations of individual SIR events sharing similar HSS properties. Our study presents a comprehensive analysis of solar wind data spanning from 1996 to 2020, capturing 23 instances where such encounters led to geomagnetic storms (SymH < −30 nT). We determined that interaction events between preceding slower ICMEs and faster HSSs possess the potential to induce substantial storm activity, statistically nearly doubling the geoeffective impact in comparison to SIR storm events. The increase in the amplitude of the SymH index appears to result from heightened dynamic pressure, often coupled with the concurrent amplification of the CMEs rearward ∣B∣ and/or B

z
components.
TOI-6883.01: A Single-transit Planet Candidate Detected from TESS
Authors: Conzo G. , Moriconi M.
Published: February 2024

A new candidate exoplanet, proposed in ExoFOP by authors, it was promoted from TIC 393818343 to TOI-6883.01 at coordinates R.A.(J2000)20:41:10.01 decl.(J2000) + 3:38:17.87 in the Delphinus constellation and its distance is (93.73 ± 0.35) pc from Earth. The target star is a Sun-type having G0 class according to Skiff spectral classification and it has photometric magnitude V(Johnson) = 9.5 mag. We analyzed the transit light curve using Transit Exoplanet Survey Satellite’s ExoMAST tool, and evaluated the Lightcurve Analysis Tool for Transiting Exoplanets-report by excluding false positives, studying the background, satellite and centroid motion, and analyzing the pixels in sector 55 to define the source goodness. The candidate exoplanet transit has a duration of TD = 3.957 hr, Depth = 0.1196% and mid-transit time occurs at TBJD = 2811.24. Only one event was observed, so the orbital period cannot be evaluated.
Organization of health care of elderly people in the city of Skopje - conditions and needs
Authors: Totikj Nadica , Kjosevska Elena , Velikj Stefanovska Vesna
Published: February 2024

The main goal of the paper was to understand the attitudes of the elderly in the city of Skopje regarding health care, organization and functioning of the health system for ensuring healthy and active aging. Methods: A descriptive-analytical method was used to present the results of the study (cross-sectional study) conducted on the territory of the city of Skopje in the period March-April 2019. A total of 350 respondents aged 65+ were included. A questionnaire containing 53 questions was developed and was designed to suit the age and sex of the respondents. The questionnaire was divided into four parts: first part - general and demographic characteristics; second part - health care; third part - mobility of the elderly; fourth part - conditions and lifestyle. The statistical analysis was performed with Windows 7.0 and SPSS, version 14. A statistical significance was used for two-way tests with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: Of the total of 350 respondents, 133 (38%) were male, and 217 (62%) were female, with a sex ratio of 0.61 : 1. According to the answers given by the respondents in our sample, 50 (37.9%) men and 124 (57.14%) women had chronic diseases. A total of 260 (75.6%) respondents stated that they were satisfied with the health information system "My Appointment" (“Moj Termin”). In terms of sex, 101 (78.9%) men and 159 (73.6%) women were satisfied with "My Appointment". A total of 84 (24.4%), 27 (21.1%) men and 57 (26.4%) women, stated that they were dissatisfied with this service. Forty-seven (47.5%) respondents said that discrimination in health care was done by a doctor, 43 (43.4%) said it was done by a nurse and  according to 9 (9.1%) respondents, discrimination was done by both the doctor and the nurse. The results obtained showed that more often highly educated people recognized discrimination and abuse by the health personnel than people with lower level of education. Conclusion: The elderly exercise partially their rights to social and health care. The elderly would like to expand the opportunities for social and health benefits. In the self-assessment of the health condition, most of the elderly perceived their health status to be relatively good. The analysis showed a higher percentage of chronic illnesses in women than in men. Тhere is a correlation between active and healthy aging and socioeconomic conditions in which the elderly live.
Pain assessment after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autograft: quadrupled m.semitendinosus versus m.semitendinosusand m.gracilis
Authors: Nestorovski Zoran , Vangelovska Zorica , Ilieva Ana-Marija
Published: February 2024

Anteriorcruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common sports injuries. The all-inside technique (AIT) for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is gaining popularity as a more anatomic, less invasive technique with the potential for more rapid recovery. With the recent advances in the field of sports medicine, the all-inside technique is reported to have less postoperative pain as compared to the conventional transportable procedure. The purpose of this research is to determine the differences in acute pain levels between undergoing ACL reconstruction hamstring autograft m. semitendinosusand m.gracilis versus hamstring autograft quadrupled m.semitendinosus in first and second postoperative day. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients in period of two years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using either HS autograft m.semitendinosusand m.gracilis or HS autograft quadrupled m.semitendinosus consented to participate. The primary outcome of the study was postoperative pain levels that were collected after surgery at first and second day. For the quantification of the intensity of pain after the surgery the patients were offered a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS scale), numbered from 0 to 10 (0 means no pain, 10 is the strongest pain). This part of the research shows the results obtained by processing patients with ACL, treated at the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology in the City General Hospital "8th of September" in Skopje. Results: The average postoperative score one day after surgery for patients with a standard method using a graft in the form of a duplication of m.semitendinosus and m.gracilis based on the VAS  scale was 7.70 +0.9 and the score second day after surgery was 4.75 + 1.1.The average postoperative score a day after the surgery for patients treated with the method where only m.semitendinosus is used as a graft and that in the form of quadruplicationbased on the VAS  scale was 3.90 +3.1and the score second day after surgery was 2.70 +2.7. Conclusion: A significant reduction in acute postoperative pain was found when performing ACL reconstruction with HS quadrupledm.semitendinosus compared to HS m.semitendinosus-m.gracilis.
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in patient with Lyme disease and Devic’s optic neuritis
Authors: Velkovski Vilijam , Shabani Ilir , Kamnar Viktor , Gavrilovski Antonio , Todorova Teodora , Bogojevska-Doksevska Milena , Popovska Danica , Nikolikj-Dimitrova Erieta
Published: February 2024

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a condition that leads to the collapse of the femoral head, which eventually ends in osteonecrosis of the hip head and the need for a total hip replacement. It affects patients of both sexes between 20-55 years of age. The pathogenetic cause is a progressive reduction of blood circulation which leads to destruction of the femoral head. Most often the causes are corticosteroid therapy, alcoholism, smoking, trauma, etc. Decompression of the femoral head accompanied by application of mesenchymal stem cells to the necrotic zone is a promising regenerative method of treatment. We present a case of a 20-year-old patient who was diagnosed with avascular necrosis of the femoral head of the left hip, due to a high dosage of corticosteroid therapy, with Lyme disease and Devic’s optic neuritis. Corticosteroid- induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head most commonly affects the femoral head, but other skeletal parts are not excluded. Majority of patients complain of pain with an insidious onset, which exacerbates with physical activity, and tends to worse with time. Early diagnosis and treatment arecrucial. Despite some controversy regarding the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head with stem cells, the general outcomes of using stem cells appear to be positive in terms of efficacy and safety.
Design of feasibility study for the establishment of production of zirconium-89 radioisotope and implementation of of 89 Zr-radiopharmaceuticals in clinical practice in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Kolevska Katerina , Atanasova-Lazareva Marija , Chochevska Maja , Velichkovska Maja , Jolevski Filip , Tripunoski Toni , Memeti Shaban , Ugrinska Ana , Angelovska Bistra
Published: February 2024

In the last decade, the application of radiopharmaceuticals based on zirconium-89 (89Zr) radiometal has increased in both preclinical and clinical studies. The most frequently used 89Zr-radiopharmaceutical is 89Zr-trastuzumab used in the management of patients with breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in North Macedonia and the most common cause of death from malignant neoplasms in this population; therefore, the introduction of new nuclear medicine procedures in these patients might improve the management of this disease. However,the introduction of radioisotope and radiopharmaceutical production requires significant investments, both manpower and financial. The purpose of this work is to present the design conceptualization of a feasibility study for the establishment of production of zirconium-89 radioisotope and implementation of 89Zr-radiopharmaceuticals in clinical practice in the Republic of North Macedonia and to present the initial results from the first phases of the study. This feasibility study is designed to include preliminary analysis, market research, technical feasibility analysis, economic analysis, review and analysis of all data and feasibility conclusion. The evaluation of the data from the analyses conducted in all study phases is needed to identify the favourable and unfavourable factors and circumstances in order to make a final assessment of the feasibility of establishing the zirconium-89 radioisotope and 89Zr-radiopharmaceuticals production and implementation of 89Zr-trastuzumab use in nuclear medicine practice.
Determination of ultrasructural changes in the enamel of primary teeth in starting phases of early childhood caries, with and without local fluoride therapy
Authors: Kokoceva-Ivanovska Olga
Published: February 2024

Early childhood caries is often found under the name connected with the manner of feeding nutrition of children such as “Baby bottle Syndrome” or “Baby bottle caries”. The aim of the study was to determine ultrastructural changes in the enamel of primary teeth in starting phases of early childhood caries, with and without local fluoride therapy, because it has of great influence in the preventive aspect of the disease. The investigation was done on laboratory tests on tree groups extracted primary teeth: one of 20 healthy mandibular incisors, as control group and two more groups of primary tested teeth: 10 maxillary incisors with initial lesion and 10 maxillary incisors with superficial form. The all dental samples were observed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and we made comparative analyzes in ultrastructural changes of enamel between untreated and treated teeth, and control group teeth.  After that, we have analysis with SEM photo attachments. In some dental samples with initial lesion after local treatmant we managed to get almost healthy enamel, i.e. complete remineralization process. Once again, we have confirmation of one of the many benefits of fluoride in dentistry which is long been known.
Factors that have impact on natural population change in Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Stojchevska Monika , Stamenova Aleksandra , Tozija Fimka
Published: February 2024

The planning of public health programmes is directly related with the demographic characteristics and  the population change has longterm impact on the health, health care and community interventions. The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors influencing the trend of population change  in the Republic of North Macedonia. Material and methods: Data from the National Statistical Office and World Health Organization have been used. Literature review was conducted applying public health approach and descriptive method. Results: The natural population change in North Macedonia has negative trend in the last 10 years, the birth rate has declined, while the mortality is increasing. The biological factors and fertility rate have significantly influenced the birth rate, while the burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases, road injures, violence and COVID-19 are lead causes of mortality.  Numerous factors indirectly affect the negative trend of population change such as the high rate of unemployment, poverty, socioeconomic and political context, migration and availability and quality of health care. Conclusion: А detailed analysis of the factors affecting the natural population change and an appropriate national response with the aim of reducing the negative trends is needed.