bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing The Eeficacy Of Triclosan Coated Sutures Versus Chlorhexidine Sutures In Preventing Surgical Site Infection: A Prospective Split Mouth Study
Authors: Versha Dr. Ritu , Dev Dr. Sachin , Phogat Dr. Sonika
Published: October 2024

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of triclosan coated sutures and the chlorhexidine sutures in preventing the surgical site infections. This study was conducted on 20 patients based on the inclusion and exclusion criterion. It was concluded that both triclosan and chlorhexidine impregnated polyglactin sutures have a significant ability in preventing surgical site infection. However, chlorhexidine sutures showed reduced infection rates, erythema and trismus as compared to triclosan sutures in healthy patients undergoing surgical removal of third molar under local anaesthesia. Therefore, their use in various intraoral procedures for effective control of inflammatory and infectious conditions should be highlighted.
Comparative Study Of Standard Drug Dose Mixture Versus Fentanyl In Attenuating Stress Response During Laryngoscopy And Tracheal Intubation In Neurosurgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Nc Dr Nandini , P Dr Prabha , Banavasi Dr Abid , Varsha Dr
Published: October 2024

Background: Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is gaining prominence, particularly in neurosurgery, due to its potential to minimize opioid-related complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and shivering. This Prospective observational study aims to compare the efficacy of a standard drug dose mixture comprising intravenous magnesium sulphate, lignocaine, paracetamol, and tramadol with fentanyl in attenuating the hemodynamic stress response during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Methods: Sixty neurosurgical patients, aged 18 to 60 years, undergoing cervical or lumbar discectomies under general anesthesia in our institute were divided into two groups. One group received the standard drug dose mixture, and the other received fentanyl. Hemodynamic parameters, including pulse rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, were recorded at baseline, during intubation, and at one- minute intervals for five minutes post-intubation. Results: Both groups demonstrated stable hemodynamics with no significant differences in pulse rate or blood pressure. No ECG abnormalities were observed, and SpO2 remained above 96% in all patients. Additionally, the standard drug dose mixture group showed a reduced incidence of PONV and shivering compared to the fentanyl group. Conclusion: The standard drug dose mixture provides a safe and effective alternative to fentanyl for attenuating the hemodynamic stress response during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, with fewer side effects. Further randomized controlled trials are recommended to confirm these findings and explore the benefits of opioid-free anesthesia in various surgical procedures.
Positioning Of Iris Using A Customized Graph Grid And A Spring Bow Assembly For Fabrication Of A Ocular Prosthesis: A Case Report
Authors: Tiwari Dr. Ankita , Tarannum Dr. Fauzia , Pandey Dr Kaushik , Baig Dr. Mirza Hamza , Tiwari Dr. Sumit , Tiwari Dr. Shubham
Published: October 2024

Positioning of iris in a custom-made ocular prosthesis is a technique sensitive proceedure, where visual assessment alone may not be accurate. The present article is an illustration of a case report highlighting a guided orientation and positioning of an iris, exacting the contralateral side of the eye, using a facebow. This technique gives an accurate registration of the position and alignment of iris disc assembly, thus giving a lifelike appearance to the prosthesis
Thyroid Dysfunction In Metabolic Syndrome In Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Anto Dr Anju , Shetty Dr Balachandra A , Azees Surumi
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the clinico-demographic profile thyroid dysfunction (TD in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Research was done at the Medical Department. We included 200 MetS patients in this investigation. Demographics, anthropometric measurements, significant medical (including FPG, serum TG, and HDL-C values from patients' medical records) and surgical history, family history, lifestyle parameters, history of obesogenic medicine use, vital signs, and physical examination details were collected in case report forms at the screening visit. Results: We included 200 MetS patients in this investigation. The baseline demographics of these patients are presented. Of the recruited patients, 60 (30%) had TD, with women being more likely than males. Overt hypothyroidism was detected in 36 of 200 MetS patients and hyperthyroidism in 4. High waist circumference, lowered HDL-C, elevated HOMA-IR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting hyperglycemia, and TG were seen in TD patients in this research. More women than men had waist circumferences exceeding 80 cm. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome complications include thyroid problems. High frequency of TD in MetS patients suggests a thyroid-MetS interaction. This investigation will help link TD and MetS in Indian patients. Early identification of TD in MetS may help change disease course with lifestyle modifications.
Revolutionizing Fertility: A Review Of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound On Uterine Fibroids
Authors: K Harrini , Renuka J , Devi Uma , Siva Aiswarya , Surumi Fathima , Hameed Jamila
Published: October 2024

Background: The aim of the study is to review the safety and the success in fibroid patients by using high intensity focused ultrasound and compare with those of other surgeries for treatment of fibroid. Materials and Methods: We searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science by using the keywords MRHIFU and High Intensity Focused Ultrasound, uterine fibroid, fertility sparing and pregnancy. The literature reviews for the recent 7 years were searched. The database search was limited to English although much of publications and studies were those of China. Results: HIFU has significant advantage over other methods and improving the health related quality of life. It has a significant effect in shortening pregnancy interval thereby preserving ovarian function. HIFU treatment displayed a relatively higher pregnancy rate, shorter pregnancy interval by preserving ovarian function. This, it is an excellent option for treating symptomatic fibroid patients willing to conceive. Conclusion: HIFU is a safe and effective non-invasive treatment for patients with symptomatic fibroids,offering a good quality of life with minimal complications.
Radiological Comparison And Evaluation Of Faciomaxillary Tumour Or Tumor Like Lesions: A Case Series
Authors: Mohan Dr.Keerthi , Pratap Dr. Madadi Surya , Halawar Dr. Rudresh
Published: October 2024

Background: Faciomaxillary tumors and tumor like lesions can occur at all age groups irrespective of the gender. The lesions also do not demonstrate a specific location as most of them can occur in both mandible and maxillary region with involvement of tooth. These lesions cannot be distinguished based on the radiological appearance as most of the lesions have overlapping features and hence the patient has to undergo invasive procedure to get a definitive diagnosis. (10) Materials and Methods: Study design: Retrospective observational case series in tertiary care center. Study area is Bagalkote district, in the northern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. Study population: All patients reporting to the department of Radiodiagnosis from Oral Medicine department with OPG suggesting a lytic lesion in SNMC and HSK, Bagalkot. Study Time: Study done for a period of 26months were taken into consideration from March 2021 to April 2024 Results: Over 70 percent of the lesions were found in the mandible while the rest 30 percent was in the maxillary region. Computed tomography showed that around 90% of the case were unilocular solid cystic lesions while the rest were multilocular lesions.Out of 20 cases 11 were found to have features of odontogenic keratocyst. Among these 11 cases, 5 were given a differential diagnosis of ameloblastoma out of which 3 were proven to be ameloblastoma on HPR;3 were given a differential of dentigerous cyst with 2 being histologically proven and 2 of the cases had overlapping features of periapical cysts.6 cases were given differential diagnosis of periapical cyst or dentigerous cyst. One case was found to be ameloblastoma histologically whereas rest were found to be dentigerous cysts. Conclusion: Faciomaxillary lesions cannot be distinguished based on the OPG and computed tomography appearance as most of the lesions have overlapping features and hence the patient has to undergo invasive procedure to get a definitive diagnosis
Prospective Observational Study Of Hyperhomocysteinemia In Patients With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss In Teaching Hospital
Authors: S.D Dr.Prathibha , Kanimozhi Dr.
Published: October 2024

Background: Spontaneous pregnancy loss can be physically and emotionally taxing for couples, especially when faced with recurrent losses. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), also referred to as recurrent miscarriage or habitual abortion, is historically defined as 3 consecutive pregnancy losses prior to 20 weeks from the last menstrual period . RPL is also defined by two or more failed consecutive pregnancies. It is estimated that fewer than 5% of women will experience two consecutive miscarriages and only 1% experience three or more. At present, there exists a small number of accepted etiologies for RPL. Most of the diagnosed etiologies include endocrine abnormalities, autoimmune disorders, uterine anomalies, and genetic factors. After evaluation for these causes, approximately half of all cases will still remain unexplained. Hence the present study was taken up to investigate the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent pregnancy loss, evaluating prevalence, potential mechanisms and implications for management. Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted on 50 patients in the Department of OBG in Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital for a period of 18 months. Prior to the initiation of the study, Ethical and Research Committee clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethical Committee. Results: The majority of participants in both groups were aged 35 to 40 years (32.35% in Group A and 37.5% in Group B).Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, co-morbidities, adverse pregnancy outcomes, the nature of abortion (primary vs. secondary), fetal outcomes, APGAR scores at 1 and 5 minutes, neonatal birth weight, and NICU admissions, with p-values of 0.001 across these measures.Group B (with hyperhomocysteinemia) showed higher instances of hypertensive disorders, co-morbidities, adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes, abnormal APGAR scores at 1 and 5 minutes, lower neonatal birth weight, and NICU admissions.The mean homocysteine levels were 13.28 ± 1.8 µmol/L in Group A and 73.98 ± 5.1 µmol/L in Group B, with a highly significant difference (p: 0.0001).Most subjects in Group B had intermediately severe hyperhomocysteinemia (50%), with 37.5% experiencing moderately severe hyperhomocysteinemia and 12.5% with severe hyperhomocysteinemia. All abortions in Group A were primary, whereas Group B had 60% primary and 40% secondary abortions. Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for recurrent pregnancy loss. About 1 in 3 patients of RPL have hyperhomocysteinemia and therefore as a routine workup for RPL serum homocysteine measurement should also be included. Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia with folic acid and vitamin B12 decreases homocysteine levels significantly.
A Randomized Controlled Study Comparing And Evaluating The Peri-Operative Outcomes Of Using Straight Versus Angled Handpieces During The Surgical Extraction Of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
Authors: Rangarajan Bharath , Gurraram Prashanthi , Narayanan Vivek , Sarangi Swetha , . Sinchna
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The straight handpiece is one of the most commonly used instruments in third molar surgeries. However, its use has been suggested to carry a potential risk of soft tissue injury, possibly due to its design limitations leading to direct positioning and excessive heating, which could contribute to soft tissue damage. Direct positioning can sometimes cause excessive heating, leading to potential soft tissue damage. Additionall its design might limit accessibility in the confined surgical area, making it more difficult to maneuver effectively. This study aims to evaluate whether using an angled handpiece enhances accessibility and reduces the risk of soft tissue damage during surgical procedures. AIM: Comparison and evaluation of the use of straight and angled handpieces on perioperative outcomes in operative removal of obstructed lower third molars. Materials and Methods: This research included 30 healthy participants aged 18 to 40, all of whom were undergoing extraction of impacted lower third molars at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups.: Group A, where the extraction was carried out using an angled handpiece, and Group B, where a straight handpiece was employed. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in postoperative pain, edema, mouth opening, or surgical time between the angled and straight handpiece groups. Conclusion: The findings of our research indicate that there were no notable statistical differences observed between the two groups in relation to post-operative outcomes such as pain, edema, mouth opening, or surgical time. The lack of statistical significance may be attributed to the small sample size, emphasizing the importance of larger cohorts for a more accurate assessment of the clinical impact. However, operator comfort was reported to be better with angled handpieces in certain cases. Category: Dentistry, Pain Management, Patient Care
Uncommon Presentation Of A Giant Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma: A Peculiar Case Study
Authors: Kaur Rehsi Harleen , Singh Chauhan Vikram , Dass Gupta Purshotam
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas constitute less than 1% of all neoplasms, with approximately one-third of malignant tumors in the retroperitoneum being sarcomas. Among these, liposarcoma emerges as the most prevalent type. Retroperitoneal liposarcomas with intraperitoneal extension and extension into the inguinal canal are relatively uncommon, presenting a challenge for treatment due to their local aggressiveness and clinical nonspecificity. The clinical difficulty in managing these cases is exacerbated by patients often seeking medical attention late in the disease progression. The slow development and the scarcity of symptoms in the early stages contribute to delayed reporting. Consequently, these tumors are recognized for their capacity to reach enormous sizes before being diagnosed and addressed. Case Report: We present a case involving a 52-year-old man who underwent surgical resection for a massive, well-differentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma. This tumor exhibited intraperitoneal extension and weighed a substantial 6.8 kilograms. Discussion: Retroperitoneal liposarcomas (RPS) frequently manifest as large, locally advanced lesions. The occurrence of RPS with intraperitoneal extension and extension into the inguinal canal is relatively uncommon. The clinical presentation is often delayed, attributed to the expansive nature of the retroperitoneal space. Evaluating these tumors necessitates a comprehensive, multimodal approach. Given that most RPS are characterized as low-grade, distant metastasis is infrequent, and the primary challenge lies in achieving effective local control and preventing recurrence. The preferred treatment involves radical resection of these tumors, incorporating en bloc resection of involved structures. In certain cases, the strategic use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies, tailored to specific tumor histologies, may enhance local control and overall survival. Conclusion: Effectively managing retroperitoneal liposarcomas necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, ideally conducted at high-volume centers that specialize in the treatment of patients facing these intricate malignancies. Existing data indicate that radical resection stands as the primary opportunity for a cure. In select cases, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may offer a survival benefit, underlining the importance of individualized treatment strategies based on the specific characteristics of the tumor and the patient
Comparison And Evaluation Of Interferential Current Therapy And Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation In Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: S Sinchana , Gurraram Prashanthi , E Jayakanthan , Vignesh Arul , Rangarajan Bharath
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study evaluated the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and interferential current therapy (IFT) to decrease jaw pain and muscle tenderness, improve maximum vertical mouth opening, and compare intra-operative patient comfort. Methodology: This comparative study was conducted in the outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery department of the SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital. Twenty participants with chronic or recurrent jaw pain were randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B for the study. IFT and TENS were administered to Groups A and B. They were evaluated for intra-operative comfort, muscle tenderness, mouth opening, and pain over three treatment sessions. Results: Both groups showed improvement in pain, muscle tenderness, and mouth opening after three follow-up sessions. Compared to TENS, IFT significantly improved patient comfort (p<0.05). While there was no significant difference in pain and muscle tenderness reduction between the two groups at 5% significance level (p<0.05), IFT demonstrated slightly better improvement in vertical mouth opening. Conclusion: IFT is frequently employed to treat musculoskeletal disorders; however, its effectiveness in alleviating pain associated with temporomandibular disorders is still poorly understood. This study observed significant pain reduction in both IFT and TENS groups, along with a decrease in masticatory muscle and TMJ tenderness and improvement in mouth opening. Compared to TENS, IFT provided superior intra-operative comfort hence overcoming the drawback associated with TENS. These findings suggest that IFT may serve as an effective therapeutic option for temporomandibular disorder
Managing Pheochromocytoma And Paraganglioma In Pregnancy: Lessons From A Clinical Case
Authors: Aynaou H. , Salhi H.
Published: October 2024

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that produce excessive catecholamines, posing significant risks during pregnancy. This case study follows a 24-year-old woman with untreated hypertension and Ménard’s triad symptoms, initially managed without detailed investigation. Elevated plasma metanephrine levels and imaging confirmed a pheochromocytoma, and though the patient was lost to follow-up for a year, she was readmitted at 13 weeks of gestation. A pre-pregnancy CT scan identified a large hypervascular left adrenal mass. Following normal genetic testing and a multidisciplinary approach, she underwent a successful laparotomy with left adrenalectomy, with no complications in the ongoing pregnancy. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management of PPGLs to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and surgical intervention when necessary
Dynamic modeling and adaptive robust boundary control of a flexible robotic arm with 2‐dimensional rigid body rotation
Authors: Tavasoli Ali , Mohammadpour Omid
Published: March 2018

This paper investigates the control of a single‐link flexible robot manipulator with a tip payload appointed to rotate about 2 perpendicular axes in space. The control objective is to regulate the rigid body rotation of the manipulator with guaranteeing the stability of its vibration in the presence of exogenous disturbances. To achieve this, a Lyapunov‐based control design procedure is used and accomplished in some steps. First, the partial differential equation (PDE) dynamic model governing the rigid‐flexible hybrid motion of the arm is derived by applying Hamilton's principle. Next, based on the developed PDE model, an adaptive robust boundary control is established using the Lyapunov redesign approach. To this end, an adaptation mechanism is proposed so that the robust boundary control gains are dynamically updated online and there is no need for prior knowledge of disturbance upper bounds. The actuators and sensors are fully implemented at the arm boundary without using distributed actuators or sensors. Furthermore, in order to avoid control errors resulting from the spillover, control design is directly based on infinite‐dimensional PDE model without resorting to model truncation. Simulation results illustrate the efficacy of the considered method.
Risk of major amputation in patients with intermittent claudication undergoing early revascularization
Authors: Golledge J , Moxon J V , Rowbotham S , Pinchbeck J , Yip L , Velu R , Quigley F , Jenkins J , Morris D R
Published: March 2018

Background

Revascularization is being used increasingly for the treatment of intermittent claudication and yet few studies have reported the long-term outcomes of this strategy. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of patients with intermittent claudication who underwent revascularization compared with a group initially treated without revascularization.

Methods

Patients with symptoms of intermittent claudication and a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease were recruited from outpatient clinics at three hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Based on variation in the practices of different vascular specialists, patients were either treated by early revascularization or received initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed in outpatient clinics using linked hospital admission record data. The primary outcome was the requirement for major amputation. Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox regression and competing risks analyses were used to compare major amputation rates.

Results

Some 456 patients were recruited; 178 (39·0 per cent) underwent early revascularization and 278 (61·0 per cent) had initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed for a mean(s.d.) of 5·00(3·37) years. The estimated 5-year major amputation rate was 6·2 and 0·7 per cent in patients undergoing early revascularization and initial conservative treatment respectively (P = 0·003). Early revascularization was associated with an increased requirement for major amputation in models adjusted for other risk factors (relative risk 5·40 to 4·22 in different models).

Conclusion

Patients presenting with intermittent claudication who underwent early revascularization appeared to be at higher risk of amputation than those who had initial conservative treatment.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C‐2 Arylation of Benzofurans with N′‐Acyl Arylhydrazines
Authors: Cao Jun , Chen Zi‐Li , Li Shu‐Min , Zhu Gao‐Feng , Yang Yuan‐Yong , Wang Cong , Chen Wen‐Zhang , Wang Jian‐Ta , Zhang Ji‐Quan , Tang Lei
Published: March 2018

A novel ligand‐free palladium‐catalyzed C‐2 arylation of benzofurans has been developed using N′‐acyl arylhydrazines as the coupling partners and TEMPO as an oxidant. This protocol features a wide functional‐group tolerance and highly regioselective products with good to excellent yields.
Polymorphism of regulatory region of GHRL gene (‐2531C>T) as a promising predictive factor for radiotherapy‐induced oral mucositis in patients with head neck cancer
Authors: Brzozowska Anna , Homa‐Mlak Iwona , Mlak Radosław , Gołębiowski Paweł , Mazurek Marcin , Ciesielka Marzanna , Małecka‐Massalska Teresa
Published: March 2018

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP; rs1629816) in the regulatory region (c.‐2531C>T) of the ghrelin (GHRL) gene and the occurrence and severity of oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer.

Methods

Oral mucositis in 65 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent irradiation were assessed according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) scale. The DNA from patients with head and neck cancer was isolated from whole blood. The genotypes were determined using the minisequencing method (SNaPshot PCR).

Results

The frequency of occurrence of the GHRL gene (c.‐2531C>T, rs1629816) genotypes were as follows: AA = 21.5%; GA = 40%; and GG = 38.5%. In case of AA genotype, there was a 7‐fold decrease of the risk of occurrence of oral mucositis (of grades 2 and 3) in the sixth week of RT (AA vs GA or GG, respectively: 17.9% vs 82.1% patients; odds ratio [OR] 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.02‐0.98; P = .0481). No statistically significant differences were observed between the volume of oral cavity contours (V30, V40, and V50) depending on the GHRL genotype in patients with head and neck cancer.

Conclusion

The study results have demonstrated an association between the AA genotype of the GHRL gene and the risk of more severe oral mucositis attributed to RT in patients with head and neck cancer.
In silico characterization of broad range proteases produced by Serratia marcescens EGD‐HP20
Authors: Fuke Priya , Pal Rajesh R. , Khardenavis Anshuman A. , Purohit Hemant J.
Published: March 2018

In the present study, Serratia marcescens EGD‐HP20 strain was demonstrated to utilize poultry waste comprising of both white non‐melanized and dark/brown melanized poultry feathers. The potential of the isolate to hydrolyze diverse keratinous wastes was further corroborated by comparative genomics which indicated the presence of genes for broad substrate specific proteases including metallo‐proteases, serine endoprotease, dipeptidase, oligopeptidase, etc. Multiple gene sequence alignments of above genes showed 99–100% sequence identities with that of closely related strains of S. marcescens. The secondary structure, 3D structures and energy models suggested the stable nature of all the observed enzymes. Comparative genomics and hydrolysis of mixed feather waste indicated that the above potential of the isolate was associated with synergistic action of various types of proteases.
Sobolev's inequality for Riesz potentials of functions in grand Musielak–Orlicz–Morrey spaces over nondoubling metric measure spaces
Authors: Ohno Takao , Shimomura Tetsu
Published: March 2018

In this paper we are concerned with Sobolev's inequality for Riesz potentials of functions in grand Musielak–Orlicz–Morrey spaces over nondoubling metric measure spaces.
Aberrant methylation‐mediated downregulation of long noncoding RNA C5orf66‐AS1 promotes the development of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma
Authors: Guo Wei , Lv Ping , Liu Shengnan , Xu Fenglou , Guo Yanli , Shen Supeng , Liang Jia , Kuang Gang , Dong Zhiming
Published: March 2018

As a long non‐coding RNA, C5orf66‐AS1 is located at 5q31.1. Downregulation and aberrant hypermethylation of C5orf66‐AS1 have been detected in a limited several tumors. However, the biological role and distribution of methylated CpG sites of C5orf66‐AS1 in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) development and prognosis are poorly clarified. The present study was to investigate the expression status and function of C5orf66‐AS1 in GCA, and to detect the distribution of methylated CpG sites within the three CpG islands of the promoter and gene body of C5orf66‐AS1, further to clarify its prognostic value in GCA patients. C5orf66‐AS1 was significantly downregulated in GCA tissues and cell lines, and the expression level was associated with TNM stage, pathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis or recurrence. The expression level of C5orf66‐AS1 was significantly increased in cancer cells after treated with 5‐Aza‐dC. Further methylation analysis demonstrated that the aberrant hypermethylation of the regions around the transcription start site of C5orf66‐AS1 was more tumor specific and was associated with its expression. Moreover, Sp1 may upregulate C5orf66‐AS1 expression and CpG sites hypermethylation within the binding sites may abrogate Sp1 binding. In addition, C5orf66‐AS1 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion, and the dysregulation and hypermethylation of the regions around the transcription start site of C5orf66‐AS1 were associated with poorer GCA patients’ survival. These findings suggest that aberrant hypermethylation‐mediated downregulation of C5orf66‐AS1 may play important roles in GCA tumorigenesis and C5orf66‐AS1 may serve as a potential prognostic marker in predicting GCA patients’ survival.
Stimulation of Fas/FasL‐mediated apoptosis by luteolin through enhancement of histone H3 acetylation and c‐Jun activation in HL‐60 leukemia cells
Authors: Wang Shih‐Wei , Chen Yun‐Ru , Chow Jyh‐Ming , Chien Ming‐Hsien , Yang Shun‐Fa , Wen Yu‐Ching , Lee Wei‐Jiunn , Tseng Tsui‐Hwa
Published: March 2018

Luteolin (3′,4′,5,7‐tetrahydroxyflavone), which exists in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs, is used in Chinese traditional medicine for treating various diseases, such as hypertension, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. However, the gene‐regulatory role of luteolin in cancer prevention and therapy has not been clarified. Herein, we demonstrated that treatment with luteolin resulted in a significant decrease in the viability of human leukemia cells. In the present study, by evaluating fragmentation of DNA and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), we found that luteolin was able to induce PARP cleavage and nuclear fragmentation as well as an increase in the sub‐G0/G1 fraction. In addition, luteolin also induced Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) expressions and subsequent activation of caspases‐8 and ‐3, which can trigger the extrinsic apoptosis pathway, while knocking down Fas‐associated protein with death domain (FADD) prevented luteolin‐induced PARP cleavage. Immunoblot and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses revealed that luteolin increased acetylation of histone H3, which is involved in the upregulation of Fas and FasL. Moreover, both the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathways are involved in luteolin‐induced histone H3 acetylation. Finally, luteolin also activated the c‐Jun signaling pathway, which contributes to FasL, but not Fas, gene expression and downregulation of c‐Jun expression by small interfering RNA transfection which resulted in a significant decrease in luteolin‐induced PARP cleavage. Thus, our results demonstrate that luteolin induced apoptosis of HL‐60 cells, and this was associated with c‐Jun activation and histone H3 acetylation‐mediated Fas/FasL expressions.
Inverse generating function approach for the preconditioning of Toeplitz‐block systems
Authors: Schneider F. S. , Pisarenco M.
Published: March 2018

As proposed by R. H. Chan and M. K. Ng (1993), linear systems of the form T [ f ]x=b, where T [ f ] denotes the n×n Toeplitz matrix generated by the function f, can be solved using iterative solvers with
as a preconditioner. This article aims at generalizing this approach to the case of Toeplitz‐block matrices and matrix‐valued generating functions F. We prove that if F is Hermitian positive definite, most eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix T [F−1]T[F] are clustered around one. Numerical experiments demonstrate the performance of this preconditioner.
An engineering model for wind turbines under yawed conditions derived from high fidelity models
Authors: Rahimi Hamid , Martinez Garcia Andrea , Stoevesandt Bernhard , Peinke Joachim , Schepers Gerard
Published: March 2018

This work presents a significantly improved engineering model for the prediction of the loads in yawed flow. The newly developed model focuses on the so‐called skewed wake effect. This effect leads to an azimuthal variation of the axial induction velocity which depends on the yaw angle, tip speed ratio, wind speed, and radial position. The azimuthal variation of the induced velocities leads to a variation in blade loads, which is important for the prediction of fatigue loads and determines the yawing moment which can be stabilizing or destabilizing and is among others important for passively yawed turbines. The paper puts particular emphasis on the contribution of the root vorticity to the azimuthal variation of induced velocity. Current widely used models typically only take into account the skewed wake effect without the contribution of root vorticity, i.e., leading to a significant different radial dependency of the skewed wake effects. The new model is derived from computational fluid dynamics of 3 multimegawatt‐class wind turbines, namely the NREL 5MW and two 10‐MW turbines designed in the EU projects AVATAR and INNWIND.EU. Simulations were performed by means of an actuator line model. The proposed model is validated with results from a fully resolved computational fluid dynamics model, a free vortex wake code and actuator line model simulations for different wind turbines and yaw angles. The obtained results indicate that in many cases, the new model considerably improves the prediction of the azimuthal variation of axial induction factor and the resulting variation in blade loads and consequent yawing moment.
European Legal Framework for Algorithmic and High Frequency Trading (Mifid 2 and MAR)
Authors: ČUK Tilen , VAN WAEYENBERGE Arnaud
Published: March 2018

Algorithmic and high frequency trading use computer algorithms to execute strategies and the confluence of trends in computer hardware, programming, mathematical modelling, and financial innovation have pushed the limits of trading speed to unprecedented levels. Algorithms are fast and automatically spread disruptions through the financial system. Over the last decade, the ensuing systemic risk called for new regulations. This article attempts an early assessment of the new European legal framework (Mifid 2 and Market Abuse Regime) intended to tackle the technological risks of the modern trading paradigm.
Time and age trends in morning and evening protein intakes of German children and adolescents
Authors: Roßbach Sarah , Diederichs Tanja , Herder Christian , Buyken Anette E. , Alexy Ute
Published: March 2018

The present study describes time and age trends in morning and evening protein intakes and sources among German children and adolescents from 1985 to 2014. A total of 9757 three-day weighed dietary records of 1246 3- to 18-year-old participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study were analysed using polynomial mixed-effects regression models. Morning protein intake increased over the study period by approximately 1 % of morning energy intake (linear trend P < 0·0001), with the youngest and the oldest children having the highest protein intake (linear, quadratic trend P < 0·0001). Evening protein intake increased over time by approximately 2 % of evening energy intake in girls (linear trend P < 0·0001) and 1 % of evening energy intake in boys (quadratic trend P = 0·0313), with decreasing intake with age (girls: linear trend P < 0·0001; boys: linear trend P = 0·0963). Time trends were largely due to increases in protein from ‘starchy foods’. In conclusion, morning and evening protein intakes increased modestly between 1985 and 2014; these increases were, however, not accompanied by increases in traditional protein sources (i.e. meat or dairy products).
Statistical modelling of the surface mass-balance variability of the Morteratsch glacier, Switzerland: strong control of early melting season meteorological conditions
Authors: ZEKOLLARI HARRY , HUYBRECHTS PHILIPPE
Published: March 2018

In this study we analyse a 15-year long time series of surface mass-balance (SMB) measurements performed between 2001 and 2016 in the ablation zone of the Morteratsch glacier complex (Engadine, Switzerland). For a better understanding of the SMB variability and its causes, multiple linear regressions analyses are performed with temperature and precipitation series from nearby meteorological stations. Up to 85% of the observed SMB variance can be explained by the mean May–June–July temperature and the total precipitation from October to March. A new method is presented where the contribution of each month's individual temperature and precipitation to the SMB can be examined in a total sample of 224 (16.8 million) combinations. More than 90% of the observed SMB can be explained with particular combinations, in which the May–June–July temperature is the most recurrent, followed by October temperature. The role of precipitation is less pronounced, but autumn, winter and spring precipitation are always more important than summer precipitation. Our results indicate that the length of the ice ablation season is of larger importance than its intensity to explain year-to-year variations. The widely used June–July–August temperature index may not always be the best option to describe SMB variability through statistical correlation.
De la logique à l’arithmétique. Pourquoi des logiques et des mathématiques constructivistes?
Authors: GAUTHIER YVON
Published: March 2018

Dans cet essai informel, je veux exposer les motivations et les motifs de l’approche constructiviste en logique et en mathématiques et, au-delà, dans le savoir scientifique en général et la physique théorique en particulier. Les questions fondationnelles dans ces domaines ne relèvent pas de la philosophie, mais la critique philosophique des fondements est ici un motif recteur ou un leitmotiv dans la mesure où elle départage les options théoriques d’une pratique scientifique souvent aveugle à ses propres présupposés doctrinaux. Il s’agit dès lors de la justification d’une option ou d’une posture philosophique critique dans le champ du savoir scientifique.
Biological concepts in recurrentPlasmodium vivaxmalaria
Authors: Markus Miles B.
Published: March 2018

A curious aspect of the evolution of the hypnozoite theory of malarial relapse is its transmogrification from theory into ‘fact’, this being of historical, linguistic, scientific and sociological interest. As far as it goes, the hypnozoite explanation for relapse is almost certainly correct. I contend, however, that many of the genotypically homologous, non-reinfection, relapse-likePlasmodium vivaxrecurrences that researchers ascribe to hypnozoite activation are probably hypnozoite-independent. Indeed, some malariologists are starting to recognize that homologousP. vivaxrecurrences have most likely been overattributed to activation of hypnozoites. Hitherto identified, non-hypnozoite, possible plasmodial sources of recurrence that must be considered, besides circulating erythrocytic stages, include parasites in splenic dendritic cells, other cells in the spleen (in addition to infected erythrocytes there), bone marrow (importantly) and the skin. I argue that we need to take into account the possibility of a dual or multiple extra-vascular origin ofP. vivaxnon-reinfection recurrences, not arbitrarily discount it. The existence of aP. vivaxreservoir(s) is a topical subject and one of practical importance for malaria eradication. Pertinent drug-associated matters are also discussed, as is the dormancy-related significance of clues provided by blood-stage-induced malarial infection.
Packing Hamilton Cycles Online
Authors: BRIGGS JOSEPH , FRIEZE ALAN , KRIVELEVICH MICHAEL , LOH PO-SHEN , SUDAKOV BENNY
Published: March 2018

It is known that w.h.p. the hitting time τ2σ for the random graph process to have minimum degree 2σ coincides with the hitting time for σ edge-disjoint Hamilton cycles [4, 9, 13]. In this paper we prove an online version of this property. We show that, for a fixed integer σ ⩾ 2, if random edges of Kn are presented one by one then w.h.p. it is possible to colour the edges online with σ colours so that at time τ2σ each colour class is Hamiltonian.
EXPECTATION EFFECTS OF REGIME SHIFTS ON LABOR MARKET DYNAMICS
Authors: Wang Tong
Published: March 2018

This paper shows that expectations of possible future regime shifts can contribute to recent deep downturn and stagnant recovery in the US labor market. Apart from the current economic regimes, rational agents consider how regimes will unfold in the future and form their expectations based on the probability of occurrence. Possible regime shifts considered are the stance of monetary policy toward inflation, the degree of real wage rigidity, and the degree of autocorrelation of the shock process. The anticipation of regime shifts alters agents' decision rules and feeds back to labor market dynamics.
Stanley “Stan” Ruttenberg (1926–2017)
Authors: Zipser Edward
Published: March 2018

This talented geophysicist, with his love of music, played key roles in the International Geophysical Year (1957–1958) and many other research programs, as well as in organizing a major music festival.
Design and properties of functional zwitterions derived from ionic liquids
Authors: Ohno Hiroyuki , Yoshizawa-Fujita Masahiro , Kohno Yuki
Published: March 2018

Component cation and anion of ionic liquid are covalently tethered to prepare functional zwitterion.
Bevacizumab and near infrared probe conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles for vascular endothelial growth factor targeted MR and optical imaging
Authors: Lin Run , Huang Jing , Wang Liya , Li Yuancheng , Lipowska Malgorzata , Wu Hui , Yang Jianyong , Mao Hui
Published: March 2018

A VEGF targeted optical and MRI dual-modality imaging probe was prepared for imaging of cancers with VEGF over-expression in vitro and in vivo.
Insights into the polymorphism of Bi2W2O9: single crystal growth and a complete survey of the variable-temperature thermal and dielectric properties
Authors: Tian Xiangxin , Gao Zeliang , Chen Feifei , Wu Qian , Li Conggang , Lu Weiqun , Sun Youxuan , Tao Xutang
Published: March 2018

A single crystal of the Aurivillius phase Bi2W2O9 and its polymorphous evolution sequences from the experimental perspective.
MRI relaxivity enhancement of gadolinium oxide nanoshells with a controllable shell thickness
Authors: Yin Jinchang , Chen Deqi , Zhang Yu , Li Chaorui , Liu Lizhi , Shao Yuanzhi
Published: March 2018

The relaxation enhancement mechanism and MRI application of the designed core–shelled silica–Gd2O3 nanoparticle contrast agents were studied.
Photocatalytic oxidation of arylalcohols to aromatic aldehydes promoted by hydroxyl radicals over a CoP/CdS photocatalyst in water with hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xu Yong , Zeng Ling-Zhen , Fu Zi-Cheng , Li Cong , Yang Zhi , Chen Yong , Fu Wen-Fu
Published: March 2018

Hydroxyl free radicals generated by visible-light-catalyzed water splitting over CoP/CdS drive the oxidation of arylalcohols with hydrogen evolution.
Non-covalent functionalization of CNTs with polycarbazole: a chemiresistive humidity sensor with tunable chemo-electric attributes at room temperature
Authors: Das Madhurima , Ghosh Saptarshi , Roy Somenath
Published: March 2018

This article describes the non-covalent functionalization of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with polycarbazole (PCz)viaanin situchemical oxidative polymerization method and subsequent fabrication of resistive humidity sensors.
Effect of reduced graphene oxide on the structural, optical, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Suresh R. , Udayabhaskar R. , Sandoval Claudio , Ramírez Eimmy , Mangalaraja R. V. , Mansilla Héctor D. , Contreras David , Yáñez Jorge
Published: March 2018

Effect of reduced graphene oxide on the structural and photocatalytic properties of Fe2O3 nanoparticles.
Substituent regulated photoluminescent thermochromism in a rare type of octahedral Cu4I4 clusters
Authors: Yu Ya-Dong , Meng Ling-Bin , Chen Qiu-Cheng , Chen Guang-Hui , Huang Xiao-Chun
Published: March 2018

A series of tetranuclear copper iodide clusters supported by zwitterionic ligands were prepared, which display hypsochromic luminescence upon cooling.
The synthesis, characterization and catalytic application of manganese porphyrins bonded to novel modified SBA-15
Authors: Rayati Saeed , Nafarieh Parinaz , Amini Mostafa M.
Published: March 2018

In the presented research, a highly ordered mesoporous silica material (SBA-15) was functionalized with imidazole as a functionalizing reagent (SBA-TMSIm) and then characterized via FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms.
Oxygen insensitive thiol–ene photo-click chemistry for direct imprint lithography of oxides
Authors: Nagarjuna Ravikiran , Saifullah Mohammad S. M. , Ganesan Ramakrishnan
Published: March 2018

Metal-containing oxygen-insensitive photocurable resin formulations are designed based on thiol–ene click chemistry that are suitable for UV nanoimprinting to directly pattern oxides.
A novel ball milling technique for room temperature processing of TiO2 nanoparticles employed as the electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells and modules
Authors: Singh Mriganka , Chiang Chien-Hung , Boopathi Karunakara Moorthy , Hanmandlu Chintam , Li Gang , Wu Chun-Guey , Lin Hong-Cheu , Chu Chih-Wei
Published: March 2018

A novel ball milling method was used to prepare TiO2 ETMs at RT ∼ 30 °C for large and small area perovskite solar cells.
CoS2 nanodots trapped within graphitic structured N-doped carbon spheres with efficient performances for lithium storage
Authors: Xia Huicong , Li Kexie , Guo Yingying , Guo Junhui , Xu Qun , Zhang Jianan
Published: March 2018

CoS2 nanodots embedded in the graphitic carbon wall of the NCSs with nest-like architecture and numerous nanocages, which results in high efficient performances for lithium storage.
Bioactive silk hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties
Authors: Wang Xue , Ding Zhaozhao , Wang Chen , Chen Xiangdong , Xu Hui , Lu Qiang , Kaplan David L.
Published: March 2018

Hydrogels with tunable stiffness and differentiation capacity were achieved through introducing inert SF nanofibers into a HRP crosslinking system of SF.
Tuning the optoelectronic characteristics of ionic organic crystalline assemblies
Authors: Borders Bryan , Adinehnia Morteza , Chilukuri Bhaskar , Ruf Michael , Hipps K. W. , Mazur Ursula
Published: March 2018

An experimental and computational structure–function study of an organic crystalline photoconductor composed of metal substituted oppositely charged ionic porphyrins.
Triple epitaxial single‐photon avalanche diode for multichannel timing applications
Authors: Labanca I. , Ceccarelli F. , Gulinatti A. , Ghioni M. , Rech I.
Published: March 2018

In the last years, custom‐technology single‐photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, thanks to the fine engineering process performed on the electric field profile. However, the integration of custom SPADs in detector arrays often conflicts with the low‐threshold current sensing that is mandatory to extract the timing information. A new custom‐technology SPAD is introduced, that exploits an extra epitaxial layer in order to reduce the capacitive coupling between the anode and the chip substrate. The new detector shows a state‐of‐the‐art timing jitter of 34 ps full width at half maximum and a weak dependence on the detection threshold, even when the substrate is kept at a fixed voltage, as required by the implementation of multichannel photon timing systems.