bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traditional “African Anarchism” and Orthodox Theology. Is a Dialogue between them Possible?
Authors: Papathanasiou Athanasios
Published: March 2023

This article has a twofold aim. It offers a study of precolonial African politicalsystems, and especially those which are often referred to as “traditional African anarchism.” These, despite their influence on many independence movements and political theories and practices in contemporary Africa are mostly ignored in theology, certainly outside of Africa. But the article seeks to engage with them and to study their correspondence to certain strains of Orthodox theology, which question the entrenched hierarchism within the Church. The approach of the article is not simply to excavate historically interesting material, but to seek to demonstrate how traditional thought can inspire political and theological discussions today, both within the context of the Orthodox Church and more broadly among Christians.
Kysela, Jan – Řepa, Karel a kol. Reakce právního systému České republiky na covidovou pandemii
Authors: Ondřejek Pavel
Published: March 2023

Book review on Kysela, Jan – Řepa, Karel a kol. Reakce právního systému České republiky na covidovou pandemii. Praha: Leges, 2022, 288 s.
Infinitely many localized semiclassical states for nonlinear Kirchhoff-type equation
Authors: Feng Binhua , Wang Da-Bin , Wu Zhi-Guo
Published: March 2023

We deal with localized semiclassical states for singularly perturbed Kirchhoff-type equation as follows:

−

ε

2

a
+
ε
b

∫

R

3

∣

∇

v

∣

2

d
x

Δ
v
+
V

(

x

)

v
=
P

(

x

)

f

(

v

)

,

x
∈

R

3

,

-\left({\varepsilon }^{2}a+\varepsilon b\mathop{\int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}}| \nabla v{| }^{2}{\rm{d}}x\right)\Delta v+V\left(x)v=P\left(x)f\left(v),\hspace{1em}x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},

where

V
,
P
∈

C

1

(

R

3

,
R

)

V,P\in {C}^{1}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},{\mathbb{R}})

and bounded away from zero. By applying the penalization approach together with the Nehari manifold approach in the studies of Szulkin and Weth, we obtain the existence of an infinite sequence of localized solutions of higher topological type. In addition, we also give a concrete set as the concentration position of these localized solutions. It is noted that, in our main results,

f

f

only belongs to

C

(

R
,
R

)

C\left({\mathbb{R}},{\mathbb{R}})

and does not satisfy the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz-type condition.
A new version of the binary star database BDB: Challenges and directions
Authors: Kaygorodov Pavel , Skvortsov Nikolay , Kovaleva Dana , Malkov Oleg
Published: March 2023

In accordance with the principles of open science, the results of the research should remain available for further investigations and practical interaction with them in the research community. Such results include collected initial and obtained data, specifications and implementations of methods applicable to them including data integration rules, and other possible resources. At the same time, the results of research on data should be curated to maintain their relevance, compliance with domain development, and standards in order to make them as useful as possible in the long term. A research support system in the research domain of physics of stellar systems is being developed to provide relevant data and methods, classify them, make them findable, avoid multiple integration of heterogeneous data, and integrate them into ongoing research in the astrophysical community. New catalogues are being added on regular basis, and this process is accompanied by correct cross-identification of the entities. New observational types of binary stars with their features are added to binary star database (https://bdb.inasan.ru).
Application prospect of calcium peroxide nanoparticles in biomedical field
Authors: Wu Xincai , Han Xu , Guo Yang , Liu Qian , Sun Ran , Wen Zhaohui , Dai Changsong
Published: March 2023

In recent years, calcium peroxide (CaO2) has attracted widespread attention in the medical community due to its excellent antitumor and antibacterial properties, and has gradually become a hot research topic in the biomedical field. CaO2 reacts with water (H2O) to produce calcium ion (Ca2+), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), where Ca2+ is suitable for calcium death caused by calcium overload, O2 is suitable for O2-dependent anticancer therapy, and H2O2 is suitable for H2O2-dependent anticancer therapy. In addition, H2O2 can also be used in the antibacterial field to treat bacterial infections. All these make the CaO2 to become a kind of excellent antitumor and antibacterial drug. This study mainly reviews the preparation and surface modification of CaO2, probes into the latest progress about CaO2 nanoparticles in the field of tumor treatment and antimicrobial therapy. Finally, the challenges that CaO2 still faces in the future research field are clarified, and its prospects are forecasted.
Species-Specific Adaptation for Ongoing High-Frequency Action Potential Generation in MNTB Neurons
Authors: Kladisios Nikolaos , Wicke Kathrin D. , Pätz-Warncke Christina , Felmy Felix
Published: March 2023

Comparative analysis of evolutionarily conserved neuronal circuits between phylogenetically distant mammals highlights the relevant mechanisms and specific adaptations to information processing. The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) is a conserved mammalian auditory brainstem nucleus relevant for temporal processing. While MNTB neurons have been extensively investigated, a comparative analysis of phylogenetically distant mammals and the spike generation is missing. To understand the suprathreshold precision and firing rate, we examined the membrane, voltage-gated ion channel and synaptic properties inPhyllostomus discolor(bat) and inMeriones unguiculatus(rodent) of either sex. Between the two species, the membrane properties of MNTB neurons were similar at rest with only minor differences, while larger dendrotoxin (DTX)-sensitive potassium currents were found in gerbils. Calyx of Held-mediated EPSCs were smaller and frequency dependence of short-term plasticity (STP) less pronounced in bats. Simulating synaptic train stimulations in dynamic clamp revealed that MNTB neurons fired with decreasing success rate near conductance threshold and at increasing stimulation frequency. Driven by STP-dependent conductance decrease, the latency of evoked action potentials increased during train stimulations. The spike generator showed a temporal adaptation at the beginning of train stimulations that can be explained by sodium current inactivation. Compared with gerbils, the spike generator of bats sustained higher frequency input-output functions and upheld the same temporal precision. Our data mechanistically support that MNTB input-output functions in bats are suited to sustain precise high-frequency rates, while for gerbils, temporal precision appears more relevant and an adaptation to high output-rates can be spared.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons in the mammalian medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) convey precise, faithful inhibition vital for binaural hearing and gap detection. The MNTB's structure and function appear evolutionarily well conserved. We compared the cellular physiology of MNTB neurons in bat and gerbil. Because of their adaptations to echolocation or low frequency hearing both species are model systems for hearing research, yet with largely overlapping hearing ranges. We find that bat neurons sustain information transfer with higher ongoing rates and precision based on synaptic and biophysical differences in comparison to gerbils. Thus, even in evolutionarily conserved circuits species-specific adaptations prevail, highlighting the importance for comparative research to differentiate general circuit functions and their specific adaptations.
Cracking the code of cellular protein–protein interactions: Alphafold and whole‐cell crosslinking to the rescue
Authors: Träger Toni , Kastritis Panagiotis L
Published: March 2023

Integration of experimental and computational methods is crucial to better understanding protein–protein interactions (PPIs), ideally in their cellular context. In their recent work, Rappsilber and colleagues (O'Reilly et al, 2023) identified bacterial PPIs using an array of approaches. They combined whole‐cell crosslinking, co‐fractionation mass spectrometry, and open‐source data mining with artificial intelligence (AI)‐based structure prediction of PPIs in the well‐studied organism Bacillus subtilis. This innovative approach reveals architectural knowledge for in‐cell PPIs that are often lost upon cell lysis, making it applicable to genetically intractable organisms such as pathogenic bacteria.
Withdrawal force capacity of T-type furniture joints constructed from various heat-treated wood species
Authors: Diler Harun , Acar Mehmet , Balıkçı Engin , Demirci Selçuk , Erdil Yusuf Z.
Published: March 2023

The withdrawal force capacities were compared for T-type furniture joints made from heat-treated Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica), iroko (Chlorophora excelsa), and common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), which are commonly used in the construction of outdoor furniture. A total of 120 specimens that consisted of 3 wood species, 2 treatment processes (untreated and heat-treated), 2 adhesive types (polyurethane and polyvinyl acetate), and 2 joinery techniques (mortise and tenon, and dowel) were tested, with 5 replications for each condition. Half of the specimens were constructed from heat-treated wood materials, while the remaining half were prepared from untreated wood materials (control specimens). The joints constructed from common ash and iroko exhibited the highest withdrawal force capacity values. Overall, heat treatment reduced the withdrawal force capacity of joints by 25% compared with the joints constructed of control specimens. Mortise and tenon joints yielded 4 times higher performance than dowel joints. The polyurethane adhesive gave better results than the polyvinyl acetate adhesive. The best withdrawal force capacity values of heat-treated wood materials were obtained from the Iroko-polyurethane-mortise and tenon joint combination.
Preparation of carbon-based magnetic solid acid catalyst from various carbon sources and characterization of its catalytic performance
Authors: Li Xueqin , Shi Junyou , Wang Zhiwei , Duan Xixin , Chen Gaofeng , Guan Qian , Li Xiangyu , Lei Tingzhou
Published: March 2023

Four kinds of carbon-based magnetic solid acid catalysts (CBMSACs) were prepared from rice husk, wood chips, peanut shells, and corn straw. The structure was investigated via x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental Analysis (EA), scanning/transmission electron microscope (SEM/TEM), and BET analyses. The catalysts were used to hydrolyze cellulose, and the hydrolysis efficiencies were determined. The catalysts were all comprised of a disordered carbon structure with random polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons similar to graphite layers. This structure had a large number of -SO3H groups and the alkyl side chain, which increased the electron cloud density of the carbon carrier, relative to the other catalysts; this was advantageous to the adhesion of the -SO3H group to increase the activity of catalysts. The product also contained a large number of magnetic particles, making it easy to separate the catalysts from the reaction residue. The properties of the catalyst derived from corn straw as the carbon source appeared to be the best. Although it could be further recycled many times, the catalyst activity decreased due to the loss of -SO3H groups. At the same time, the catalyst had a high specific surface area of 755 m2/g.
Recovery modeling for OSB strand production from hollow bamboo culms
Authors: Semple Kate E. , Smith Gregory D.
Published: March 2023

Current methods of reducing giant Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) to elements for composite manufacture are often inefficient and waste valuable biomass. This study employed geometric modelling to analyze and optimize the recovery of strands for oriented strand board manufacture. Three geometric models for calculating the numbers of strands, their widths, and their distribution based on culm diameter, wall thickness, target strand thickness, and flitch size were developed to determine an optimum slicing configuration. Real strands were produced by a disk flaker at the model strand thickness of 0.65 mm. Optimum configuration for the maximum number of usable strands per culm was from splitting culms into quarters, tight stacking, and radial slicing through the culm wall, which produced 37% more ‘usable’ strands 10 mm to 30 mm in width, fewer fines, and fewer excessively wide strands. Proportions of real strands fell into three size classes: < 10 mm, 10 mm to 30 mm, and > 30 mm, and closely matched modelled predictions. A slightly bimodal strand width frequency distribution observed from stranding full rounds was reflected in the distribution of the model strands calculated from slicing a full round into 0.65 mm increments.
Bernstein-type characterization of entire functions
Authors: Dovgoshey O.A. , Prestin J. , Shevchuk I.O.
Published: March 2023

Let ε be the set of all entire functions on the complex plane C. Let us consider the class XE of all complex Banach spaces X such that X ⊇ ε . For (X, ⎥⎥ ⋅ ⎥⎥)∈XE and g ∈X we write En, X (g ) = inf {⎥⎥ g − p⎥⎥: p∈Πn }, where Πn is the set of all polynomials with degree at most n. We describe all X ∈XE for which the relation lim n→∞ (En, X( g ))1/n = 0 holds if and only if g ∈ ε.
The discourse of war in the evangelical doctrine in the context of current russian aggression against Ukraine (protestant viewpoint)
Authors: PAVLENKO Pavlo
Published: March 2023

The range of issues related to the origins of Christianity, the formation of its doctrine, and its existence in the early, pre-Conciliar period has always been of concern not only to Christian scholars, not only to those scholars who were in one or another way involved in these researches, but also to society as a whole. However, in Ukraine, and especially in academic circles, these issues are still not sufficiently studied. The article examines the reasons that led the official Church to change the key provisions of Christian doctrine, including ideological positions about "this world," narratives about war, and the commandments "thou shalt not kill" and "love your enemies." The author argues that the final rejection of the original evangelical pacifism occurred after the conquest of Christianity by Emperor Constantine the Great, when the Church was transformed into an institution of secular power, changing its original status as the "Kingdom of God" to belonging to the "Kingdom of Caesar." Since the reign of Constantine, Christianity has essentially existed divided into two camps. – the first, to which belong all those who profess the church doctrine in its new, "conciliar" and different from the original form and who, in particular, has rejected Jesus' original idea of renunciation of earthly things and, accordingly, the pacifism and anti-militarism he proclaimed; the second camp are those who remained faithful to the apostolic tradition and who continued to practice Christianity according to the original New Testament standard. The latter camp today includes mostly Protestants, including in Ukraine. However, with the onset of Russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine, their pacifist stance is changing. The solution of urgent socio-political issues and issues directly related to defense are increasingly leading Protestants in Ukraine to rethink their traditional pacifism, which may lead to a complete rejection of it in the future. The results obtained in the course of the study provide grounds to significantly adjust the current perceptions of Protestantism in Ukraine, in particular, its positive attitude to socio-political processes and active involvement in them.
2023 Nelson’s Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics, Nelson John D.
Published: March 2023

Completely updated and revised, the 29th edition of this best-selling reference provides instant access to the latest recommendations for treatment of infectious diseases in children. For each disease, the authors provide a commentary to help select the best of all antimicrobial choices. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/2023-Nelsons-Pediatric-Antimicrobial-Therapy-29th-Edition-Paperback
Requests for Directed Blood Donations
Authors: Weaver Meaghann S. , Yee Marianne E. M. , Lawrence Courtney E. , Matheny Antommaria Armand H. , Fasano Ross M.
Published: March 2023

This Ethics Rounds presents a request for directed blood donation. Two parents feel helpless in the setting of their daughter’s new leukemia diagnosis and want to directly help their child by providing their own blood for a transfusion. They express hesitancy about trusting the safety of a stranger’s blood. Commentators assess this case in the setting of blood as a scarce community resource during a national blood shortage. Commentators review the child’s best interest, future risks, and harm–benefit considerations. Commentators recognize the professional integrity, humility, and courage of the physician to admit his own lack of knowledge on the subject and to seek help rather than claim directed donation is not possible without further investigation into options. Shared ideals such as altruism, trust, equity, volunteerism, and solidarity are recognized as values relevant to sustainment of a community blood supply. Pediatric hematologists, a blood bank director, transfusion medicine specialists, and an ethicist conclude that directed donation is only justified by lower risks to the recipient in particular circumstances.
Characteristics of Fatal Poisonings Among Infants and Young Children in the United States
Authors: Gaw Christopher E. , Curry Allison E. , Osterhoudt Kevin C. , Wood Joanne N. , Corwin Daniel J.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Fatal poisoning is a preventable cause of death among young children. Understanding factors surrounding these deaths will inform future prevention efforts. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of fatal pediatric poisonings using child death review data.

METHODS

We acquired data from 40 states participating in the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System on deaths attributed to poisonings among children aged ≤5 years from 2005 to 2018. We analyzed select demographic, supervisor, death investigation, and substance-related variables using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

During the study period, 731 poisoning-related fatalities were reported by child death reviews to the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System. Over two-fifths (42.1%, 308 of 731) occurred among infants aged <1 year, and most fatalities (65.1%, 444 of 682) occurred in the child’s home. One-sixth of children (97 of 581) had an open child protective services case at time of death. Nearly one-third (32.2%, 203 of 631) of children were supervised by an individual other than the biological parent. Opioids (47.3%, 346 of 731) were the most common substance contributing to death, followed by over-the-counter pain, cold, and allergy medications (14.8%, 108 of 731). Opioids accounted for 24.1% (7 of 29) of the substances contributing to deaths in 2005 compared with 52.2% (24 of 46) in 2018.

CONCLUSIONS

Opioids were the most common substances contributing to fatal poisonings among young children. Over-the-counter medications continue to account for pediatric fatalities even after regulatory changes. These data highlight the importance of tailored prevention measures to further reduce fatal child poisonings.
Ontogeny of digestive enzymes in clown anemonefish larvae, Amphiprion ocellaris (Perciformes: Pomacentridae)
Authors: Velasco-Blanco Gabriela , Álvarez González Carlos Alfonso , Abdo de la Parra Maria Isabel , Rodríguez-Ibarra Luz Estela , Ibarra-Castro Leonardo , Maytorena-Verdugo Claudia I. , Arias-Jiménez José Natividad , Peña Marín Emyr Saul
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is the most popular fish species in the marine aquarium trade, however, there is a lack of information on their digestive physiology during larvae ontogeny, valuable information that helps in the design of specific diets, as well as management protocols for the species. Objective: Characterize the early development of digestive enzymes of A. ocellaris during larvae ontogeny. Methods: From hatching until the 38th day after hatching (DAH), the specific activity of acid and alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase and lipase were analyzed, while acid and alkaline proteases zymograms were performed. Results: At hatching, all measured enzymes activities were detected. Acid proteases increased in activity from hatching until the 38th DAH. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase showed the same pattern and maximum activity on the 8th DAH, decreasing at the 38th DAH. Lipase activity showed peaks on the 8th and 30th DAH. Acid zymogram showed a single band, appearing on the 8th DAH. A total of eight alkaline proteases were revealed (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 and 25.1 KDa), showing seven bands on the 1st DAH and all bands from the 3rd to 8th DAH, decreasing at two bands (41.9 and 25.1 KDa) in the 38th DAH. Conclusion: A. ocellaris shows a functional stomach on the 8th DAH, where the species on the 38th DAH shows digestive enzymatic pattern to omnivore with a tendency to carnivory.
Objective: Characterize the early development of digesive enzymes of A. ocellaris during larval ontogeny.
Methods: From hatching until the 38th days after hatching (DAH), the specific activity of acid and alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase and lipase were analysed, while acid and alkaline proteases zymograms were perfomed.
Results: At hatching, all measured enzymes activities were detected. Acid proteases increased in activity from hatching until the 38th DAH. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin and leucine aminopeptidase showed same pattern and maximum activity on the 8th DAH, decreasing at the 38th DAH. Lipase showed activity peaks on the 8th and 30th DAH. Acid zymogram showed a single band, appearing on the 8th DAH. Total of eight alkaline proteases were reveled (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 and 25.1 KDa), showing seven bands on the 1st DAH and all band from the 3rd to 8th DAH, decreasing at two bands (41.9 and 25.1 KDa) in the 38th DAH.
Conclusion: Therefore, A. ocellaris shows functional stomach on the 8th DAH, where the species on the 38th DAH shows digestive enzymatic pattern to omnivore with a tendency to carnivory.
Neuere Überlegungen zu Hypereides' Rede gegen Demosthenes im Spiegel der Textkritik •
Authors: Horváth László
Published: March 2023

This paper analyses and interprets three passages in Hyperides' speech against Demosthenes and suggests a textual correction. The statements in columns XXIX–XXX become more comprehensible based on the relevant passages in the speech against Diondas. In line 21 of columna XXVIII, αὐτῷ (pronomen personale – Jensen and all the editors) should be replaced by αὑτῷ (pronomen reflexivum), which reconstructs the proper meaning of the text. After Chaeronea it was not the people who were grateful to Demosthenes, but quite the opposite: the people expected that Demosthenes and his companions would be grateful to them. Thus, the name lost in the lacuna is not Lycurgus, but Demosthenes.
Use of salicylic acid during cultivation of plants as a strategy to improve its metabolite profile and beneficial health effects
Authors: Ramos-Sotelo Humberto , Figueroa-Pérez Marely Graciela
Published: March 2023

Chemical elicitors in plants during cultivation have been applied in soil, hydroponic solutions, or sprayed on the leaves to induce physiological changes and stimulate the production of bioactive compounds. Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound present in plants with multiple functions, including stimulus of plant growth and induction of plant defense responses under conditions of stress. Recently, the use of SA as elicitor has generated much interest, due to the growing number of studies demonstrating its positive effects in fruits, vegetables, and herbs on the induction of phytochemicals, mainly phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, carotenoids, among others. The health benefits of plant materials treated with SA are mainly their antioxidant capacities determined by the 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) assays and anti-inflammatory properties determined in vitro, as well as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties and renal protection evaluated by in vivo studies. Therefore, the exogenous application of SA during cultivation of different plants could be an alternative to increase their economic value and could be the basis for designing standardized procedures in the production of bioactive compounds.
Development of special clothing for burn patients
Authors: Shaizadanova Gulnar , Kucharbaeva Kaldygul , Abilkalamova Kamilya , Baizhanova Zhazira , Sabitova Alima
Published: March 2023

The object of the study is special clothing for burn patients. The insufficiency of the range of special general-purpose clothing significantly reduces the possibilities of using medical technologies, slows down the provision of medical care, reduces the quality of life of patients in the treatment period. Consideration of protective functions and a functional and constructive approach to the development of special clothing for burn patients are important, given that such clothing should protect the patient from infections and facilitate medical procedures by medical personnel. As a result of the study, a set of special general-purpose clothing for burn patients was developed from the medical fabric «Panacea PP 180» with the antibacterial finish CleanOK, taking into account the requirements of functionality, specific features of medical procedures. The features of designing special clothing for patients with thermal skin lesions proposed in this study create more comfortable conditions for the patient compared to standard hospital clothing. The use of mesh fabric in the side parts ensures compliance with hygienic requirements for clothing that form the microclimate of the under-bed space; taking into account the peculiarities of medical procedures and the topography of their implementation, the development of functional and constructive solutions for a set of special clothing is effective. The practical significance of special clothing for burn patients lies in its protective function against infections, the effectiveness of the rehabilitation effect on the body of a sick person, as well as improving the quality of medical procedures performed by personnel in stationary conditions
Organization of online learning using the intelligent metasystem of open semantic technology for intelligent systems
Authors: Kintonova Aliya , Sabitov Amanbek , Povkhan Igor , Khaimulina Dinara , Gabdreshov Galymzhan
Published: March 2023

Distance learning today allows you to create a system of mass continuous self-learning, universal exchange of information, regardless of the presence of time and space zones. For more effective online learning, it is necessary to introduce artificial intelligence technologies and methods for implementing learning systems.
In this paper, the objects of research were:
1) the capabilities of the OSTIS open semantic technology, the capabilities of the IMS.OSTIS metasystem for organizing online learning;
2) machine learning method – classification.
Results of the study:
1) an online course was organized using the IMS.OSTIS metasystem of the OSTIS open semantic technology;
2) for the analysis and visualization of training data, a machine learning method is implemented – classification.
The results of the implementation of the online course were obtained using the semantic technology for designing an intelligent learning system: the IMS.OSTIS metasystem using the graphical semantic code SCg. The OSTIS kernel requires a machine with the Ubuntu operating system installed, which is a GNU/Linux distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux, an operating system based on the Linux kernel.
The paper also shows an example of using the machine learning method – classification. This method allows you to classify data. Intelligent processing and visualization of data were carried out based on the results of testing students in order to classify them into letter categories A, B, C, D according to a set of features: scores and points of the average score. The high-level Python library Pandas was used, this is a library for data analysis. To visualize the results of data processing, the Matplotlib library in Python was used
Improvement of the manufacturing method of multi-component paste-like vegetable semi-finished products with a high degree of readiness
Authors: Rudska Nina , Cherevko Oleksander , Pugach Andrii , Ponomarenko Nataliia , Tesliuk Hennadii , Zakharchenko Ruslan , Postadzhiev Alexander , Tytarenko Nataliia
Published: March 2023

The object of the study is a multi-component past-like semi-finished product based on apples, Jerusalem artichokes, cranberries and hawthorn, which are natural nutrients with original properties obtained by cooking at 55–60 °C in an experimental vacuum-evaporator.
The method of production of a multi-component semi-finished product has been improved by keeping hawthorn in a 10...15 % NaCl solution with the addition of 1 % citric acid at 20...25 °C for 30...45 minutes. Blanching with hot steam at a temperature of 105...110 °C is carried out for: apple (2...3 min), Jerusalem artichoke (5...8 min) and hawthorn (4...6 min), and cranberries are blanched with water for 1.5...3 min at temperatures of 80...90 °C. Wiping the components followed by recipe-component blending and boiling at 55...60 °C in an experimental vacuum-evaporator.
According to the organoleptic parameters, the puree blend containing: apple – 35 %, Jerusalem artichoke – 30 %, cranberry – 25 % and hawthorn – 10 % with a yellow-orange color has the advantage. The ultimate shear stress (pureed components, Pa) is: apple – 14, Jerusalem artichoke – 322, cranberry – 75, hawthorn – 445. The boiled paste mixture has an increased viscosity by 3.5 times compared to the control.
The heating of the working chamber and the stirrer of the vacuum-evaporating apparatus is carried out by a film resistive electronic heater of the radiating type, providing stabilization of the temperature effect and a 45 % increase in the boiling efficiency compared to the classic vacuum apparatus. The improved method will expand the range of competitive semi-finished products of a wide range of applications with natural nutrients and regulated rheological and functional properties, which will contribute to the production of food products with an immunomodulating effect
Improvement of the methodical approach to assessing the level of innovation potential of the countries of the European Union
Authors: Revenko Daniil , Romanenkov Yuri , Hatylo Valentyna , Lebedchenko Vira , Titarenko Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

This paper has solved the task to improve the methodical approach to modeling the integrated index for assessing the level of innovation potential of the European Union countries as a component of the monitoring system. The object of the study is the process of ensuring the innovative development of the European Union; the subject is the model and methods for assessing the level of innovation potential. The relevance of the chosen topic corresponds to the processes associated with innovative development occurring in the world economy and economy of the European Union, as well as the need to evaluate them. Practical activities for integrated assessment of the level of development of innovative potential of countries are considered. Among the methods for assessing the innovation potential, the most widely used are the rating method, integral indices, and sets of indicators. The main disadvantages of the existing methods have been analyzed and outlined, which made it possible to improve the approach that enables to overcome the main problems outlined. An improved methodological approach to assessing the level of innovation potential of the European Union countries consists of a sequence of stages and allows formalizing the process of selecting the components of the integrated index and evaluating the weighting coefficients for these components. The improved methodological approach was tested on data on the innovative development of the countries of the European Union, which made it possible to identify groups of countries according to its level. The methodological approach can improve the analytical support for assessing the level of innovative development, highlight the weaknesses and strengths of the innovation ecosystems of the European Union countries, as well as increase the effectiveness of their innovation policy. The ways to overcome problems in disparities in innovative development between the countries of the European Union, as well as to increase the level of their innovative potential, are considered
Improving the method of linear-quadratic control over a physical model of vessel with azimuthal thrusters
Authors: Budashko Vitalii , Sandler Albert , Khniunin Sergii
Published: March 2023

The object of this research is the algorithms for controlling large-scale models of sea-based vehicles (SBVs). The subject of the research is a linear-quadratic method for controlling a model of the propulsion complex with azimuthal thrusters (ATs) in the aft part. The problem is the solution between the interdependent throws of surge, sway, and yaw speeds predicted by the linear controller. Input signals are the rotational speeds and the angles of ATs propeller thrusts with respect to the diametrical plane of SBVs. During the simulation, step responses of a closed system for overload and rotation speed are compared. Simulation of speed jumps showed an adequate response, in contrast to the speed of rotation of ATs, which showed a greater impact on the system than the orientation of ATs. When modeling the rate of yaw, the behavior of the ATs angle did not correspond to its limitations inherent in the device rotating at the appropriate speed. It is concluded that this is the result of linearization of the actuators, and the proposed solution is to implement the strengthening of the task to better adapt to the rotating behavior of ATs. Despite these problems, the simulation showed the potential of the model and controller for use in similar situations. Several modifications are also offered to significantly improve the model and simulations. One of the main changes that could be made is the implementation of a predictive gain during the linearization of the ATs control system. The practical significance of the results obtained is the fact that the quadratic optimization model is an effective and reliable technique in the process of designing SBVs of various configurations of steering devices for optimal control
Opportunities and perspectives of the digital twins’ conception: the case in agriculture
Authors: Ibrahimov Fuad , Rzayeva Ulviyya , Balayev Rasul
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the means and directions for improving the results of simulation modeling of suburban agriculture and, as a result, the creation of digital twins of farms. Most innovative technologies are still considered new areas for experimentation in agriculture. However, the digital twins being developed for agriculture implement many of the ideas that have already been tested in other industries. The article presents an optimization problem that allows the simulation of suburban agriculture to provide the city with fresh products. Particular attention is paid to modeling the sustainable development of suburban agriculture and the characterization of related data. At the same time, one of the biggest challenges is the need to constantly collect and update expanding data about the object in order to create digital twins. The result of the study is the construction of a simulation modeling system that forms digital twins of suburban crop and livestock production, and the determination of priorities for the selection of relevant data. In order to determine the conditions for realizing opportunities in the transition from suburban farming simulation to digital twins, a general modeling system is presented, consisting of simulation and optimization models, and a set of metrics is selected for the constant collection and updating of the digital twin. The created simulation model was previously worked out by running dozens of different options in the form of sets of initial data, and as a result of the model's operation, the article presents the best (optimal) responses. The necessary steps for the realization of this transition are defined. As a result of the activity of the proposed conceptual system, real-time information, and analytics allows to optimize the performance of the farm
Determining patterns in the influence of the geometrical parameters of the connecting pipeline on the dynamic parameters of the pneumatic spring of railroad rolling stock
Authors: Kuzyshyn Andrii , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Stankevych Volodymyr , Hilevych Volodymyr
Published: March 2023

The object of this study is the process of determining the dynamic indicators of the pneumatic spring, which is used as the main element of the second stage of spring suspension in the high-speed rolling stock of the railroad, based on the influence of the geometric parameters of the connecting pipeline.
It has been established that the dynamic indicators of rolling stock mainly depend on the operation of the pneumatic spring, the characteristics of which are largely determined by the geometric parameters of the connecting element between the pneumatic spring and the additional tank.
A mathematical model of oscillations of a dual-mass system has been constructed, the elements of which are connected through a pneumatic spring suspension system. The operation of the pneumatic system is described using the Boyle–Mariotte equations, the state of the ideal gas, the energy for the flow in the connecting pipeline, and the law of conservation of energy.
Theoretical studies into the influence of the diameter and length of the connecting element of the pneumatic spring suspension system on energy loss and damping coefficient for the cycle of its operation and the rigidity of the pneumatic spring have been carried out.
It was established that the dependence of the stiffness of the pneumatic spring, while changing the value of the diameter of the connecting element from 6 mm to 30 mm, is nonlinear.
In the process of compression, the rigidity of the pneumatic spring changes with the length of the connecting element of 1 m from 927 kN/m, static rigidity, to 497 kN/m, dynamic rigidity.
The dependences of energy loss and damping coefficient for the operation cycle of the pneumatic spring suspension system based on the hysteresis loop have been constructed.
It was found that the difference between the damping coefficient in the process of compression and expansion of the pneumatic spring is no more than 4 %.
It was established that the design of high-speed rolling stock is impossible without high-quality modeling of the process of operation of the pneumatic spring suspension system
METHOD OF SELF-DEFENSE OF GROUND (SURFACE) OBJECTS FROM HIGH-PRECISION RADAR MEANS OF AIR SURVEILLANCE
Authors: Zubkov A. M. , Kosovtsov Y. M. , Shcherba A. A. , Petliuk I. V. , Yunda V. A.
Published: March 2023

Context it is caused by the need to search for scientific and technical ways to ensure the effectiveness of protecting ground (surface) objects from high-precision guided missile weapons.

Objective it is a necessity to ensure effective self-defense of objects from radar homing means.

Method. Electrodynamic modeling of Echo signals from spatially distributed objects, taking into account the features of their design and related operational limitations.

Results. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of the well-known method of protecting stationary objects from radar surveillance and damage, based on the simulation of an effective reflection center outside the physical dimensions of the object, a new method of countering high-precision measurement of coordinates of stationary and mobile ground (surface) objects is proposed. The technique is based on the spatial deformation of the location of the effective target reflection center with dynamics that exceed the inertial capabilities of the auto-observation contour of the attacking missile (projectile). A structural and functional scheme of technical implementation of the methodology based on the first proposed relationship of simple design and technological solutions is proposed and justified.

Conclusions. The analytical model of Echo signals of spatially distributed ground (surface) objects was further developed, which takes into account the specifics of their design, and on its basis, for the first time, a universal method of self-defense of objects from radar home-leading devices was developed, which is implemented in a patented method and complex to exclude damage to protected objects.
Valor y dignidad de la vida
Authors: Sarria Tejada OFM.Cap. Fray Daniel Omar
Published: March 2023

Solo el hecho de preguntarse por el valor de la vida y su dignidad abre un amplio panorama ante la complejidad de formas y manifestaciones que tienen que ver con su fecundidad y generosidad en el planeta; “¿Pero qué signifca vivir, estar vivo, ser un ente discreto que forma parte del universo y a la vez estar separado de él por una barrera de piel?” (Margulis y Sagan, 1996, p. 12). Sin duda, solo el hecho de preguntarse, supone ya un estado de conciencia y coherencia para mantener la unidad y el sentido de vivir, manteniendo la búsqueda del bien individual y social.
Gruzińskie starania o zbliżenie z Zachodem po 1991 r.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Furier Andrzej
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the changes in Georgian foreign policy after the collapse of the USSR. The historical context of Georgian ties with the West and attempts to build their own security policy after 1991, which required resignation from the traditional support for Germany. The analysis covers the period from the proclamation of independence and the first free parliamentary elections in 1990 to the 2013. For the politicians of the Second Republic, relations with Russia and the support shown to the Georgian state by the United States were of key importance. The August war in 2008 inhibited Georgian activity in the international arena and restored Russian influence in that country
Środowisko pracy w Chinach
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Kolasińska Elżbieta
Published: March 2023

China is a country based on traditional values on the one hand, and on the other, oriented towards the modern advances of globalization. It has undergone a wide range of socio-economic changes. The working environment in China is influenced by both classic and contemporary factors. This article discusses dysfunctional phenomena occurring in the working environment in China. These include workaholism, karoshi, karojisatsu, the 996 model, and the “lying flat” movement. The study is a critical analysis of labor relations in China.
2.2.8 SINGLE PHASE FLUID FLOW: NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
Authors: Armstrong R. C. , Rao B. K.
Published: March 2023

Remove existing Section and replace with new one.
Pathophysiology of the Toxic Effects in Metallic Implants
Authors: Gupta Ruchi , Uttam Priyanka , Gupta Rakesh K.
Published: March 2023

Implants play a very crucial role in modern era of medicine and address several needs in all the medical specialties. Both essential and nonessential metals released from implants at high concentrations can impair biological functions and result in toxicity involving multiple systems of the body. Furthermore, the toxicity information is typically based on exposure through dietary intake and/or occupational/environmental exposure but, since the in vivo implant environment and its composition is different or unknown, individual implants toxic effects needs to be elaborated. Several clinical and nonclinical assessment tools are advised by FDA to evaluate biocompatibility issues, such as risk of immunological response, tissue destruction or overgrowth, and other adverse reactions. The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) Biocompatibility Guidelines state that biocompatibility end points caused by metallic implants includes cytotoxicity, sensitization, acute and chronic systemic toxicity, pyrogenicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, implantation, hemocompatibility, reproductive abnormalities, developmental toxicity and biodegradation. Exposure to metal ions which acts as haptens can lead to both local and systemic hypersensitivity reactions which are generally believed to be a Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity) response. Currently, most assessment tools of implant associated hypersensitivity are based on skin sensitization which provides further scopes for research in understanding patient specific immune response causing systemic hypersensitivity.
Metallographic study on the structural features of thin slab and rolled products made from it
Authors: Vorozheva E. L. , Smetanin K. S. , Kislitsa V. V. , Kudashov D. V.
Published: March 2023

The authors determined the level of zonal and dendritic segregation in slabs poured by thin-slab technology. The calculated variation coefficients of the content of basic and impurity chemical elements over the slab cross-section do not exceed 10 %, zonal segregation is low. The manganese content measured with the area occupied by the dendritic axes and the interstitial spaces showed the level of dendritic segregation. The manganese concentration varies from 0.6 to 1.1 %, respectively. It was established that the use of dynamic soft compression during solidification makes it possible to grind the primary dendritic structure to form additional centers during the phase transformation of δ-ferrite into austenite. Dimensions of the initial austenitic grains formed taking into account the primary dendritic structure are 3 times smaller in a thin slab than in a slab with a thickness of more than 200 mm. Transformations of the dendritic structure during compression show high workability necessary for the formation of uniform austenitic grains in the fullering before finishing rolling. The study has not confirmed the hypothesis that bainite of coarse morphology in the microstructure of hot-rolled products is formed in segregation areas. The hereditary influence of the primary dendritic structure on the structure formation during rolling was revealed. The manganese concentration varies between the bainite and the “neighboring” structure from 0.68 to 1.01 %, similar to the level of the initial dendritic segregation. Difference in the content of chemical elements affects the processes of recrystallization of austenitic grains during high-temperature rough rolling. Bainite was formed within the framework of chemically “depleted” large austenitic grains that are stable during phase transformation.