bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles using ficus palmata - Forssk leaf extracts and assessment of antibacterial activity
Authors: Shamshad Sabaoon , Rashid Jamshaid , Ihsan-ul-haq  , Iqbal Naseem , Ullah Awan Saif
Published: January 2021

Multidrug resistance of bacteria is an emerging human health hazard and warrants development of novel antibacterial agents with more effective mode of action. Here, zinc oxide and silver nanomaterials were prepared using Ficus palmata Forssk leaf extract with efficient antibacterial activity. SEM coupled with EDS confirmed the spherical symmetry with average particle diameter 50 to 65 nm while the XRD confirmed crystalline face centered cubic structure of silver and hexagonal crystallize phase of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity was evaluated for 8 pathogenic bacterial strains including 3 drug resistant pathogenic strains. The nanoparticles showed enhanced growth inhibition for resistant strains in comparison with the broad-spectrum antibiotics i.e. roxithromycin and cefixime. Minimum inhibitory concentration in μg.mL-1 of silver nanoparticles was found to be as low as 33.3 for resistant Streptococcus haemolyticus; 11.1 for Staphylococcus aureus and E Coli; and 3.7 μg.mL-1 for resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles was found to be 100 μg.mL-1 against resistant Streptococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus; 11.1 μg.mL-1 for resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and 3.7 μg.mL-1 against resistant E coli. Ficus palmata Forssk leaf extracts can be explored effectively for synthesizing active antibacterial nanomaterials as a non-toxic and environmentally benign synthesis route.
Modeling air quality index using optimized neuronal networks inspired by swarms
Authors: Pruthi Dimple , Bhardwaj Rashmi
Published: January 2021

Air quality prediction is a significant field in environmental engineering, as air and water are essential for life on Earth. Nowadays, a common parameter used worldwide to measure air quality is termed as Air quality index. The parameter is measured based on the air pollutant concentration. The hybrid neuronal networks have been widely used for modeling air quality index. In the quest of optimizing the error in modeling air quality index, the existing adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is improved in this study using algorithms based on evolution and swarm movement. The model is based on the prominent air pollutants- nitrogen oxide, particulate matter of size equal to or less than 2.5microns (PM2.5), and sulphur dioxide. The proposed hybrid model using wavelet transform, particle swarm optimization, and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system accurately predicts the Air Quality Index and can be used in the public interest to take necessary precautions beforehand.
Plastic pollution in Bangladesh: A review on current status emphasizing the impacts on environment and public health
Authors: Hossain Shafiul , Rahman Md Anisur , Ahmed Chowdhury Myisha , Kumar Mohonta Sajib
Published: January 2021

Invention of the plastics has largely been considered as a boon for the modern life due to their light weight, high strength, and versatile application while being cheaper than other alternative materials. However, with the low biodegradability, over consumption, and widespread mismanagement, plastics have now become ubiquitous in all the environmental compartments and are held responsible for causing enormous pollution to air, soil, and water bodies. Bangladesh is no different from this global scenario, though there has been a little effort to assess the amount of plastic waste and its consequence which is necessary to encounter this mounting threat effectively. Taking this into consideration, current study investigates the impacts of plastic pollution including its most threatening formmicroplastics on environment and human health in Bangladesh. The study is based on critical review of existing literatures from the global perspective. It has been found that a major percentage of the used plastic is mismanaged in Bangladesh, posing a great threat to the environment and human health. This article also put forward some recommendations to tackle this pervasive problem alongside the measures already taken by the government. Overall, this work is aimed at creating an urge among the researchers to study the plastic pollution in Bangladesh comprehensively and raising a concern among the appropriate authorities to develop policies and impose necessary actions against plastic pollution before it is too late.
Heuristic Algorithms for Surveyor Standby Location Planning with Multiple Plans
Authors: Suwandechochai Rawee , Padungwech Wasin
Published: January 2021

This paper concerns a location problem which arises from an auto insurance company which aims to meet customers’ satisfaction by sending their surveyors to accident locations as promptly as possible. The goal of the problem is to find a suitable set of locations at which the surveyors stand by and to determine coverage area for each standby location by using heuristic algorithms. One challenge of this problem is that the number and locations of accidents can vary from time to time and may not be evenly distributed over a given time horizon. In this paper, a computational study is conducted to make a comparison between standby location planning strategies that involve one and two plans. For the strategies with two plans, several strategies for deciding when to switch between the plans are investigated. Experimental studies suggest that using multiple standby location plan throughout the time horizon can improve the efficiency of surveyors in terms of their total distance. Moreover, compared with usual rules of splitting dates such as weekdays versus weekends, the total distance can be reduced by switching between the location plans according to classification of dates by k-means clustering based on historical data of accident frequencies on each day.
Tracking social challenges for pharmaceutical education in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Leite Silvana Nair , Soares Luciano
Published: January 2021

Multiple successful experiences in overcoming the challenges of offering urgent distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported in international literature. However, the use of distance learning in pharmaceutical education all over the world is both recent and limited to a supporting role in face-to-face classes. The migration of all pedagogical activities to the distance learning mode in Brazil raises particular worries. It is necessary to analyse the scenarios of the pandemic and of higher education in Brazil, as well as the scenario of pharmaceutical education, to understand the concerns of professors and students. This understanding is also key to glimpse ways of surmounting the numerous difficulties presented in these scenarios.
COVID-19 resilient pharmacy education: A grassroots work-integrated programme to strengthen the pharmaceutical workforce in Namibia
Authors: Mavu Daniel , Lates Jennie , Hango Ester , Rennie Timothy , Lusepani Monde , Kibuule Dan , Mubita Mwangana
Published: January 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to suspension of pharmacy education in resource-limited settings, negatively impacting pharmaceutical workforce outputs.
Aims: To identify the elements of a COVID-19 resilient pharmacy education programme in Namibia and its grassroots impact on the pharmaceutical workforce and systems strengthening.
Methods: An evaluation of COVID-19 resilience of the Diploma in Pharmacy programme in Namibia. Data on elements for resilience and outcomes were collected; qualitative and quantitative data were analysed descriptively.
Results: The evaluation identified ten key elements for successful implementation of a COVID-19 resilient pharmacy education programme. The integration of quality improvement projects in the workplace strengthened pharmaceutical systems and workforce capacity in areas of rational medicine use and supply management of medicines.
Conclusions: Whilst the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted pharmacy education, this paper presents ten elements that, when implemented, may improve the resilience and minimise unforeseen academic interruptions during pandemics.
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned from Qatar University College of Pharmacy
Authors: Mukhalalati Banan Abdulrzaq , Awaisu Ahmed , El Hajj Maguy Saffouh
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global emergency in all social realms including, economy, health, and education. In this article, we discuss the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on education, particularly higher education in the State of Qatar and the strategies adopted to respond to the challenge. The paper further discusses the use of educational technology and strategies for distance-based and blended learning during the pandemic.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on higher education in Japan: Transition to online education and challenges in experiential pharmacy practice
Authors: Matsuoka Ichiro
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of human life, including pharmacy education worldwide. This article depicts how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted higher education in Japan with a focus on two topics: the transition to online education and the challenges faced in experiential pharmacy practice. In both topics, the sharing of information among educators and stakeholders, from students to governmental ministries, played vital roles in keeping the programme delivery as normal as possible during the pandemic. Insights gained from experience during the pandemic should offer a basis for the robust and versatile framework of tomorrow’s pharmacy education.
Engineering and Economic Evaluation of Production of SnO2 Nanoparticles by Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis
Authors: Salsabila Annida , Dani Nandiyanto Asep Bayu
Published: January 2021

The synthesis of nanoparticles from noble metals such as tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) is a research in progress with a very wide application in various fields, such as environmental improvement, gas sensors, catalysis, and lithium-ion batteries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of producing tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles using the microwave-assisted green synthesis method on an industrial scale for 10 years by evaluating from an engineering and economic perspective. Various economic parameters are used to analyze economic viability, including Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Payback period (PBP), Cumulative Net Present Value (CNPV), as well as economic variations in sales, taxes, raw materials, labor wages, and utilities to ascertain project viability. Technical analysis to produce 8.54 kg of SnO2 nanoparticles per day shows a total production cost of 1,982,243,613.12 IDR and a total investment cost of 1,732,590,765.12 IDR. The resulting gross profit margin is 39,231,578,268 IDR/year, the profit is relatively economical, so this project can be run for 10 years under ideal conditions. This research is expected to be a reference for technical and economic analysis of industrial scale production of SnO2 nanoparticles.
Knowledge scores in annual and modular curriculum among medical students from Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Saher Naseeb Uneeb  , Saima Zainab  , Aneeta Khoso  , Abdul Basit  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: To compare the knowledge scores of basic medical subjects among undergraduate medical students of annual versus modular system.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 4th year undergraduate medical students of annual and modular system of Liaquat National Medical College, Pakistan. Study was conducted from 30th November 2017 to 1st June 2018 for a total of 6 months. Sample size was calculated to be 82 students. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The student’s t-test was applied to compare the mean difference of knowledge scores between the two groups.
Results: Students in modular system retained better knowledge of anatomy as compared to annual students. While the annual system students retained higher knowledge in the subjects of community medicine and pharmacology. Mean knowledge score for annual was 12.98 (SD±2.92) and semester system students was 13.10 (SD±3.03). There was no significant difference observed in overall mean knowledge scores between the two groups (p-value = 0.85). 
Conclusion: Students in the annual system scored higher in pharmacology and community medicine. This highlights the need to address the issues of time allocation and implementation strategies for the subjects in the new system.  There was no difference between overall knowledge scores in each group, hence it cannot be concluded that one system is superior to the other.
Keywords: Knowledge retention, annual system, modular system, basic science, knowledge scores. Continuous...
Global Surge in Intimate Partner Violence after Mandatory Lockdown: Implications for Pakistan
Authors: Butool Hisam  , Mohammad Nadir Haider  , Ghazala Saleem  , Admin
Published: January 2021

We are observing with great concern the global spread of the COVID19 Pandemic. What is equally alarming is a less visible, albeit serious Public health issue; one that the United Nations has dubbed as the ‘Shadow Pandemic’ [1]. This is none other than the globally prevalent issue of violence against women, particularly Intimate Partner Violence.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious, possibly preventable public health problem globally. Pakistan ranks among the countries with the highest IPV rates [2]. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the highly infectious and lethal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) to be a pandemic [3]. Drastic measures were enforced universally to curb the spread of COVID-19. Countries issued strict nationwide lockdowns to isolate the population and implemented social distancing. The economy was impacted tremendously, and many people experienced financial and emotional hardship during this mandatory confinement. While everyone was affected, one population was in a far worse situation than others. Survivors of IPV were trapped alongside their perpetrators and faced difficulty/less freedom to escape threatening situations compared to the past.
It is not surprising given that historical periods of uncertainty such as war or economic crisis have resulted in increased interpersonal violence, including violence against women [4].  The Hubei province of China, the first region to undergo a lockdown, saw nearly a doubling of their rates of IPV with the start of COVID19 Pandemic.  Similarly, tragic stories gained nationwide coverage in the United States. IPV may also have risen in Pakistan, even if it is not being covered as extensively.
During pandemics, fear causes us to minimize our personal needs and make sacrifices we would not normally make. This could be a reasonable approach for most but should not be for survivors of IPV. IPV survivors live in constant fear for themselves and their children; they are now devoid of their only means of mitigation; avoidance. Local woman’s support groups in Pakistan should act and spread awareness about this grim reality hiding underneath the Pandemic. Resources/funding should be made available for survivors to be able to reach out for support without having to leave the watchful eyes of their perpetrators. Public health officials ought to investigate and document the rise in IPV to help identify the leading causes of the increase. These steps will assist in developing crisis-specific guidelines to provide adequate resources for the future. Continuous....
The linkage between performance of healthcare professionals and management practices in health care organizations
Authors: Munaza Bibi  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The performance of healthcare professionals is now become a great apprehension for health care organizations to deliver quality services. So, organizations nowadays considering management practices to effectively manage their human resource as they are an essential resource to deliver services through their performance. Besides, the objective of the current paper was to describe the link between management practices and the performance of healthcare professionals in healthcare setup. In addition, based on review it has been found that recruitment & selection, training & development, performance appraisal along with compensation, practices of health and safety as well as flexible working hours play a crucial role in the enhancement of employee performance whereas ineffective execution of these practices has negative influence on the performance of healthcare professionals.
Continuous...
HIPERTENSÃO RENOVASCULAR
Authors:   UNIFESP - Setor de Cardiopatia Hipertensiva – Disciplina de Cardiologia – São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Amodeo Celso , de Oliveira Borelli Flávio Antonio ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia - Seção de Hipertensão Arterial - São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Passarelli Jr Oswaldo ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia - Seção de Hipertensão Arterial - São Paulo, SP, Brasil., dos Santos Póvoa Rui Manuel ,   UNIFESP - Setor de Cardiopatia Hipertensiva – Disciplina de Cardiopatia Hipertensiva –  São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

Estenoses da artéria renal (EAS) é um estreitamento ou bloqueio de uma artéria para os rins. Pode causar insuficiência renal e pressão alta. Fumantes e ex-fumantes têm maior risco de contrair RAS. Os homens são afetados com essa condição duas vezes mais que as mulheres. É mais comum nas idades de 50 e 70. Colesterol alto, diabetes, excesso de peso e histórico familiar de doenças cardíacas também são fatores de risco para RAS. A pressão alta é uma causa e resultado do RAS. A causa mais comum de bloqueio da artéria renal é a arteriosclerose (espessamento e endurecimento das paredes da artéria) com acúmulo de colesterol e placa. Isso é semelhante ao que é visto nas artérias coronárias do coração, nas artérias carótidas, no cérebro e nos vasos das pernas. Apresentamos um caso de doença vascular renal em um homem diabético e ex-fumante e é apresentada uma atualização sobre a doença.
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF MICROGRID IN AN AUTONOMOUS MODE USING ANTCOLONY OPTIMIZATION
Authors: CHITRA N. , G TAMIZHARASI. , KUMAR A. SENTHIL
Published: January 2021

The dynamic nature of the distribution network challenges the stability and control effectiveness of the microgrid in autonomous mode. In this paper, nonlinear model of microgrid operating in autonomous mode has been presented. The controller parameters and power sharing coefficients are optimized in case of autonomous mode. The control problem has been formulated as an optimization problem where Ant colony optimization is employed to search for optimal settings of the optimized parameters. In addition, nonlinear time-domain-based objective function has been proposed to minimize the error in the measured power and to enhance the damping characteristics, respectively. Finally, the nonlinear time-domain simulation has been carried out to assess the effectiveness of the proposed controllers under different disturbances and loading conditions. The results show satisfactory performance with efficient damping characteristics of the microgrid considered in this study.
GREEN ECONOMY AS A TREND FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Shakenov Dias
Published: January 2021

The article discusses environmental problems in the context of the Concept of Sustainable Development. It was considered discussions on the conceptualization of the “green economy” presented in the United Nations Environment Program. The author of the article, relying on the green economy strategy, believes that one of the key tasks of ecology is the development of a green urban infrastructure. The article substantiates the position that the greening of landscapes in urban space is one of the factors of sustainable environmental development. According to the author, in order to achieve the goal of sustainable development and growth, it is necessary to use positive international experience in national strategies for a green economy.
ЖАСӨСПІРІМ КЕЗЕҢДЕГІ ДІНДАРЛЫҚТЫҢ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: Есімқұлов Ернар , Шағырбай Алмасбек , Шыңғысбаев Лескен
Published: January 2021

Мақалада жасөспірімдік кезеңдегі діндарлықтың қалыптасуы, діни ұстанымдағы өзгерістер қарастырылады. Діндарлық деңгейінің өзгеруіне әсер ететін әлеуметтік, психологиялық факторлар, олардың діни ұстанымды айқындаудағы орны көрсетілген. Жасөспірімнің діни әлеуметтенуіне отбасының, қатарластардың, үлгі ретінде таңдалған тұлғалардың әсері және бұрыс әлеу-меттенудің себептері анықталған. Жасөспірімнің сезіміндегі құбылу, жаңа нәрселерді байқап көруге деген қызығушылық, еркіндікке деген құмарлық сынды өзгерістердің діндарлыққа ықпалы, діни ұстанымдарға деген ықпалы көрсетілген. Діннің қазіргі қоғамдағы жасөспірімдер кезігетін қиындықтарды еңсеріп, қоғамнан өз орнын алуына, тұлғасын қалыптастыруына тигізер әсеріне талдау жасалған
Prescriptions of antimicrobials in a community pharmacy in Batna
Authors:   Pharmacien libéral - Batna 05000, Algérie, Keddad Abdellatif , Oudjehih Messaouda
Published: January 2021

Les maladies infectieuses représentaient en 2007, en Algérie 4,58% du motif des consultations. La prévalence des patients hospitalisés traités par anti infectieux (AI) dans le pays était de 45,5% en 2015. L’objectif de cette étude était la description des prescriptions contenant des anti infectieux (AI), sur la base d’une analyse rétrospective des ordonnances remboursables par la sécurité sociale, reçues au niveau d’une officine pharmaceutique privée de la ville de Batna (Algérie) sur une période d’une année allant de juillet 2013 à juin 2014. L’étude a montré qu’environ une ordonnance sur trois contenait au moins une ligne d’AI et que ceux-ci avaient représenté 13,1% de l’ensemble des médicaments prescrits toutes classes pharmaco thérapeutiques confondues. Si les plus gros prescripteurs en volume ont été les médecins généralistes (51,4% des ordonnances), les AI avaient occupé chez les chirurgiens dentistes 1 ligne sur 2. Le profil de ces prescriptions dans le temps a mis en évidence 2 pics maximaux d’AI systémiques en saison froide à savoir mars et octobre. C’est la famille des pénicillines qui occupe avec 32,6% des lignes d’AI, le haut du tableau des produits les plus prescrits dans cette classe.
Vitamin D deficiency pandemic and extra bone effects
Authors:   Service de Rhumatologie. CHU Beni Messous, Alger - Algérie, Abdellaoui Selma , Bengana Bilal , Boukabous Abdenour , Lefkir-Tafiani Salima
Published: January 2021

Le phénomène de déficit en vitamine D a pris une grande ampleur aujourd’hui, ce déficit connaît un effet de « pandémie » mondiale, il n’épargne aucune frontière ni catégorie d’âge. Les connaissances de la physiologie de cette vitamine ont progressé de manière considérable, faisant passer sa conception d’une hormone purement osseuse à une hormone ayant un rôle sur la santé globale. En effet, son double rôle d’immunomodulateur et de contrôle de la prolifération cellulaire est possible grâce à son métabolite actif secrété de façon autocrine par certains tissus, et la répartition ubiquitaire de ses récepteurs. En plus de cette description d’effets pléiotropes à la fois dans des modèles cellulaires, expérimentales et cliniques, de plus en plus d’études épidémiologiques ont montré l’importance de la carence en vitamine D dans la population générale, adulte, comme pédiatrique. Sur le plan diagnostic, la mesure du taux de la 25-hydroxy-vitamine D (25-OHD) est une méthode très fiable pour évaluer les réserves. D’autre part, beaucoup de facteurs de risque ont été mis en évidence et des populations à risque ont été identifiées. En ce qui concerne la supplémentation, il a été récemment suggéré que la stabilité de la concentration de la 25-OHD ne peut être obtenue lors de la supplémentation intermittente que si l’espacement entre les prise est inférieur à 3 mois (de l’ordre de 1 mois) . Quelques travaux récents montrent, que l’utilisation de doses journalières modérées de vitamine D plutôt que de fortes doses administrées de manière intermittente serait à privilégier.
Impact of solar radiation on health
Authors:   Laboratoire de PharmacologieDépartement de PharmacieFaculté de Médecine-Université Alger 1- Algérie, Chader Henni , Gacem Hocine ,   Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Département de Pharmacie,Faculté de Médecine-Université Batna 2- Algérie
Published: January 2021

L’exposition aux irradiations solaires n’est pas sans risque sur la santé bien que l’homme lui attribue des effets bénéfiques pour l’organisme et une source d’embellissement pour les adeptes du bronzage. Des irradiations électromagnétiques du soleil, les rayons ultraviolets (UV) sont les plus dangereux pour l’organisme malgré qu’ils soient derrière la transformation du 7-déshydrocholestérol en cholécalciférol (D3), une vitamine impliquée grandement dans le métabolisme phosphocalcique. Les innombrables effets délétères que provoque le rayonnement solaire peuvent être d’apparition précoce, retardée ou à long terme ; ils peuvent être bénins comme l’effet coup de soleil ou graves à l’image du cancer de la peau. La réactivité du revêtement cutané vis-à-vis des rayons UV solaires varie avec le phototype qui se trouve sous l’influence de facteur génétique conditionnant la qualité et la quantité de la mélanine synthétisée par les mélanocytes.
Methemoglobinemia and Dapsone overdose : A Literature review
Authors:   Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine d’AlgerZiania, Ben-Aknoun, Zamoum Radia , Kaddour Salma
Published: January 2021

La Dapsone est une molécule à propriétés antibiotiques et immunomodulatrices. Son utilisation en médecine humaine est connue pour le traitement de la lèpre, de certaines dermatoses, du lupus bulleux et d’autres maladies. Cependant, son effet hématoxique, même à dose thérapeutique est avéré comme la survenue de l’hémolyse, d’une anémie hémolytique et de l’élévation du taux de la méthémoglobinémie. Cette dernière est d’autant plus importante que la Dapsonémie est élevée, d’où l’intérêt de déterminer le taux sanguin de la méthémoglobine chez les intoxiqués ou lors du traitement par la Dapsone. Le tableau clinique d’une intoxication par la Dapsone associe une cyanose, une dyspnée, des troubles neurologiques et cardiaques. L’arrêt du traitement permet la régression des symptômes et un retour au taux normal de la méthémoglobinémie. Le traitement repose sur la vidange gastrique ou le charbon actif, l’assistance respiratoire et le traitement spécifique (Bleu de méthylène). Plusieurs cas cliniques d’intoxication par la Dapsone sont décrits dans la littérature.
O middle ground
Authors: White Richard
Published: January 2021

Na região dos Grandes Lagos da América do Norte de meados do século XVII a meados do XVIII, nativos algonquinos e agentes coloniais franceses interagiram em meio ao complexo processo de contato colonial. As condições de existência naquele espaço impeliam algonquinos e franceses a um apoio recíproco para se atingir objetivos específicos. Isso ocorria de tal modo que eles produziram concepções comuns de adequados modos de agir, isto é, aquilo que denominamos de middle ground. A necessidade inevitável de comunicação nos termos do outro gerou um processo de oportunos e criativos mal-entendidos mútuos, os quais produziam novos conteúdos culturais que, ao se tornarem convenções entre as partes envolvidas, se transformavam num novo referencial que orientou as ações dos sujeitos históricos. A abordagem teórica desse conceito é discutida nesse texto por meio da análise das relações cotidianas nas quais algonquinos e franceses produziram essa zona de inteligibilidade mútua. As congruências culturais, que deram forma ao middle ground, eram respostas a problemas e controvérsias que giravam em torno de questões como sexo, violência e comércio. A análise das medidas tomadas nesses campos relacionais expõe que os conteúdos híbridos surgiam de reiteradas tentativas de se encontrar conexões entre os referenciais normativos franceses e costumes algonquinos. As respostas produzidas nessas situações não se configuravam como noções exclusivamente francesas ou algonquinas, mas como improvisações e criações emergidas em pontos onde as culturas se cruzavam e promoviam uma zona cultural intermediária em que as expectativas de cada lado poderiam encontrar um grau aceitável de satisfação.
Using Research on Homework to Improve Remote and Hybrid Learning
Authors: Roschelle Jeremy , Hodkowski Nicola M.
Published: January 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many students are learning remotely or in a hybrid of remote and in-school learning. As a result, most teachers and students are in learning situations where more independent work is assigned to students. There is no research that directly speaks to this unprecedented situation. There is, however, a considerable body of established research to draw on about assigning independent work to students to do at home: research on homework. Further, technology to support homework is becoming more available and research supports its effectiveness. In this article, we review some of the major points of this established research and suggest how schools, teachers, and parents and guardians can apply this research and related technology now, during the pandemic.
BÖLGE İDARE MAHKEMELERİNİN KESİN KARARLARI ARASINDAKİ AYKIRILIK VEYA UYUŞMAZLIĞIN GİDERİLMESİ MESELESİ
Authors: Çınarlı Serkan , Azak Kerim
Published: January 2021

7188 sayılı Kanun’un 7. maddesi ile 2576 sayılı Kanun’un 3/C maddesinde yapılan değişiklik sonrasında bölge idare mahkemelerinin kesin olarak verdiği kararlar arasındaki aykırılık veya uyuşmazlığın giderilmesi görevi İdari Dava Daireleri Kurulu ile Vergi Dava Daireleri Kuruluna verilmiştir. Daha önce bu aykırılık veya uyuşmazlık Danıştay İçtihadları Birleştirme Kurulunca giderilmekte idi. Türk İdari Yargılama Hukuku’nda yeni olan bu müessesenin hukukî niteliğinin belirlenmesi ve ortaya çıkabilecek sorunların değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacı sebebiyle bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle aykırılık veya uyuşmazlığın giderilmesi yoluna neden ihtiyaç olduğu ve ilgili mevzuat hükümleri açıklanmıştır. Sonrasında da aykırılık veya uyuşmazlığın giderilmesi yolunun hukukî niteliğinin belirlenmesine çalışılmış ve bunun için kanun yolları ile karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Son olarak aykırılık veya uyuşmazlık giderilmesine dair kararın sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.
Measurement report: Properties of aerosol and gases in the vertical profile during the LAPSE-RATE campaign
Authors: Brus David , Gustafsson Jani , Vakkari Ville , Kemppinen Osku , de Boer Gijs , Hirsikko Anne
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are increasingly being used as observation platforms for atmospheric applications. The Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) in Alamosa, Colorado, USA, on 14–20 July 2018 investigated and validated different UASs, measurement sensors and setup configurations. Flight teams from the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and Kansas State University (KSU) participated in LAPSE-RATE to measure and investigate properties of aerosol particles and gases in the lower atmosphere. During the experiment, the performance of different UAS configurations were investigated and confirmed to operate reliably, resulting in a scientifically sound observational dataset. As an example, concentration of aerosols – including two new particle formation events, CO2 and water vapor, and meteorological parameters in the atmospheric vertical profile were measured during the short experiment. Such observations characterizing atmospheric phenomena of this specific environment would have not been possible in any other way and, thus, demonstrate the power of UASs as new, promising tools in atmospheric and environmental research.
Hillslope and groundwater contributions to streamflow in a Rocky Mountain watershed underlain by glacial till and fractured sedimentary bedrock
Authors: Spencer Sheena A. , Anderson Axel E. , Silins Uldis , Collins Adrian L.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Permeable sedimentary bedrock overlain by glacial till leads to large storage capacities and complex subsurface flow pathways in the Canadian Rocky Mountain region. While some inferences on the storage and release of water can be drawn from conceptualizations of runoff generation (e.g., runoff thresholds and hydrologic connectivity) in physically similar
watersheds, relatively little research has been conducted in snow-dominated
watersheds with multilayered permeable substrates that are characteristic
of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Stream water and source water (rain,
snowmelt, soil water, hillslope groundwater, till groundwater, and bedrock
groundwater) were sampled in four sub-watersheds (Star West Lower, Star West Upper, Star East Lower, and Star East Upper) in Star Creek, SW Alberta, to characterize the spatial and temporal variation in source water contributions to streamflow in upper and lower reaches of this watershed. Principal component analysis was used to determine the relative dominance and timing of source water contributions to streamflow over the 2014 and 2015 hydrologic seasons. An initial displacement of water stored in the hillslope over winter (reacted water rather than unreacted snowmelt and rainfall) occurred at the onset of snowmelt before stream discharge responded significantly. This was followed by a dilution effect as snowmelt saturated the landscape, recharged groundwater, and connected the hillslopes to the stream. Fall baseflows were dominated by either riparian water or hillslope groundwater in Star West. Conversely, in Star East, the composition of stream water was similar to hillslope water in August but plotted outside the boundary of the measured sources in September and October. The chemical composition of groundwater seeps followed the same temporal trend as stream water, but the consistently cold temperatures of the seeps suggested deep groundwater was likely the source of this late fall streamflow. Temperature and chemical signatures of groundwater seeps also suggest highly complex subsurface flow pathways. The insights gained from this research help improve our understanding of the processes by which water is stored and released from watersheds with multilayered subsurface
structures.
The Influence of Musical Style in Perceived Emotion
Authors: Tizón Díaz Manuel , Gómez Martín Francisco
Published: January 2021

In this work we address the problem of understanding how musical style influences perceived emotion as well as their pedagogical consequences. The first problem arises when considering the very definition of style. The definition of musical style and how to apply it is thoroughly discussed. Several experiments were carried out in order to gain understanding about the emotional response to musical style. Six styles (Baroque, Classicism, Romanticism, pandiatonicism, twelve-tone serialism, and Phrygian mode) were selected and pieces were composed in those styles to be later played to both musicians and novices. Their perceived emotional response was measured and the results were analyzed thereafter. Differences were found across styles, mode and musical background, including complex patterns in valence and arousal. Last but not least, the knowledge acquired from this research can be incorporated a corpus for application and future study and use in music conservatories and centers for higher education and investigation.
Los antifeminismos como contramovimiento: una revisión bibliográfica de las principales perspectivas teóricas y de los debates actuales
Authors: Bonet-Martí Jordi
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene por finalidad presentar una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre los antifeminismos occidentales contemporáneos en el campo de las ciencias sociales, a fin de identificar cuáles son las principales aproximaciones teóricas, las actuales líneas de investigación, los nuevos debates y avances en el conocimiento. Para ello, se ha realizado una explotación de las principales bases de datos académicas (Web of Science, Scopus y Redalyc) a fin de identificar las principales autorías de referencia y la organización del campo de estudio. La revisión bibliográfica realizada evidencia el carácter multidisciplinar del objeto de estudio y su actual relevancia en el campo de las ciencias sociales. Así mismo, se evidencia como la agenda de investigación de los estudios antifeministas ha ido diversificándose en los últimos años para dar cuenta de las nuevas expresiones del fenómeno: los antifeminismos interseccionales, los religiosos, los movimientos masculinistas y el ciberantifeminismo, y como el foco del debate pasa de las expresiones organizativas a las causas e impactos.
Gallbladder and Liver Lobe Torsion in a Young Cat Presented with Hemoabdomen
Authors: Picavet Pierre P. , Vidal Pierre-André , Bolen Géraldine , Gommeren Kris , Noël Stéphanie
Published: January 2021

An 11 mo old domestic shorthair presented with acute lethargy. The cat was hypothermic and bradycardic and had pale pink mucous membranes, poor pulses, and a distended abdomen. Point-of-care ultrasound identified significant abdominal effusion, which was diagnosed to be a hemoabdomen. Bloodwork revealed hyperlactatemia, regenerative anemia, neutrophilia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and increased alanine aminotransferase. The cat received an allotransfusion and a subsequent canine xenotransfusion and received further supportive therapy. After stabilization, abdominal ultrasonography diagnosed a gallbladder and liver lobe torsion with hemoabdomen. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the torsion of the right medial and quadrate hepatic lobes together with the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy and lobectomy of the affected lobes were performed using a surgical stapler. The cat was discharged after 4 days. Histopathology confirmed hemorrhagic infarction of the liver lobes and gallbladder, consistent with the described torsion, and the hepatic pseudocyst. It also demonstrated a mucocele in the gallbladder. One month postoperatively, the cat had totally recovered. Hepatic lobe torsion without neoplasia is a rare disease in cats, with variable clinical signs. Gallbladder torsion is a hitherto unreported condition in cats. This is the first report of gallbladder and liver lobe torsion with secondary hemoabdomen in a cat, successfully treated by one-stage surgery.
La educación y la investigación ante el COVID-19: Aprendizaje para todos a lo largo de toda la vida
Authors: Flores López William Oswaldo
Published: January 2021

El COVID-19 ha ralentizado los procesos educativos e investigativos de las Instituciones de Educación Superior. La pandemia, afecta con mayor ímpetu a grupos vulnerables y en riesgo de exclusión social, exacerbando las desigualdades e inequidades sociales entre los distintos sectores de la población. Entonces, es necesario diversificar la educación virtual o digital, mediante un enfoque sistémico del currículo, además, es necesario posicionar un paradigma de investigación descolonizador del pensamiento. En definitiva, la educación y la investigación ante el COVID-19, tratan de promover aprendizaje para todos, a lo largo de toda la vida, mediante procesos propios de construcción del conocimiento que contribuyen a la transformación e innovación de la educación disruptiva.
Uso de los teléfonos móviles en el aula de educación primaria
Authors: Williams Muller Elebe , Castro Galaviz Mary Yina , López Manuel De la Cruz , Nogales Pinillas Lorena , Roldán García Laura , Torres Carvalho José Luis
Published: January 2021

La pregunta, ¿Debe incluirse los móviles en las aulas de educación primaria?, orienta esta investigación bajo el paradigma cualitativo con un enfoque descriptivo, donde 32 maestrantes reflexionaron en un foro debate. Los resultados, muestran el reconocimiento de las potencialidades que ofrece los móviles por su presencia y la motivación. Además, se concuerda las finalidades de su uso vinculado al apoyo educativo y las competencias que deben adquirir el alumnado en esta era digital. Se reconoce inconvenientes sobre su uso, las cuales están relacionado con la distracción, dependencia y la desigualdad que genera en el aula de clase. Pero, se reconoce la necesidad de su incorporación, esta debe ir función de la formación del profesorado, capacitación del estudiantado y padres de familia.
Un modelo de liderazgo y educación propia para el Buen Vivir y la Autonomía de los pueblos
Authors: Gutiérrez Mendoza Silguian Yamillett
Published: January 2021

Los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes en las luchas de reivindicación de derechos han desarrollado la capacidad de liderazgo, para impulsar y movilizar las acciones en función de las aspiraciones propias, que conduzcan a la vida en plenitud, Buen Vivir. Entorno a las conceptualizaciones de liderazgo, esta investigación plantea una estrecha relación entre liderazgo educativo y liderazgo comunitario, partiendo de la influencia que tienen los mismos para trazar los caminos del Buen Vivir de los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes desde los procesos de Autonomía y Educación. Se aborda el tema de liderazgo educativo, desde la experiencia del Sistema Educativo Autonómico Regional como modelo de Educación propia que surge de la colaboración conjunta; igualmente se describen los puntos de partida de las entidades de educación superior, liderazgos educativos de acción formativa en ideales filosóficos propios para el bien común y en convivencia armónica. En la última sección se puntualizan los desafíos que tienen las instituciones educativas para realizar liderazgo educativo en materia de educación intercultural.
An Empirical Analysis of Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Factors Affecting Bank Deposits in Vietnam
Authors: Thao Vu Thi Phuong , Thanh Le Trung
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the macroeconomic and bank-specific factors that determine bank deposits in Vietnam. To explore the association, A Fixed and random effect model was performed on a data set of 40 banks from 2006 to 2019. Studied bank-specific factors include capital adequacy ratio, profitability, bad loan, liquidity and listing. In addition, GDP and inflation are the macroeconomic factors considered. Based on panel data analysis, it is suggested that bank-specific factors such as bank size, bad loan, profitability GDP and inflation have a notable effect on bank depositsAmong these factors, profitability and GDP showed a positive effect on bank depositsIn contrast, Bank size, bad loan and inflation showed an insignificant effect on bank deposits. The study also highlights some new factors to provide a better understanding of bank deposits in emerging economies like Vietnam.
Restructuring Outsourcing: Classification and Methodical Approach to Evaluating Expediency and Economic Effect
Authors: Farkhoutdinov Il'nur Ildusovich , Isavnin Aleksei Gennadevich
Published: January 2021

A large part of a country's national production is the result of the efforts and performance of organizations and institutions that are engaged in the production of goods and services. These organizations or institutions that operate in various forms of government, private and cooperative and in various sectors of industry, agriculture and services are called economic enterprises or manufacturing enterprises.Among the strategies that have played a role in economic development in recent decades and have led to its expansion; It is the creation of small and medium-sized enterprises that in most countries (developed and developing) the tendency to this type of enterprises has increased. Medium-sized enterprises, in terms of their significant role in job creation, competitiveness, innovation and organizational and economic development, are considered as drivers and engines of economic growth and are one of the most important priorities in economic development programs.In the modern world, classification and methodical approach to evaluating expediency and economic effect has a critical role. In this paper, we consider the restructuring of Russian industrial enterprises through the use of industrial outsourcing. An approach to the classification of restructuring industrial outsourcing is proposed, and a method of assessing the feasibility and economic effect of the usage of this type of outsourcing is developed.
Does the Tax System Reduce Tax Evasion in Light of the Governance Mechanisms? Evidence From Jordan
Authors: Bataineh Ashraf
Published: January 2021

This study aims to measure the impact of tax system elements on reducing the tax evasion, in light of the governance mechanisms in Jordan. The study sample consists of (140) tax auditors at the Jordanian Income tax and sales department, and to achieve the study objectives the researcher designed a questionnaire and distributed it on the study sample members. Study results show that elements of the tax system (tax legislations, tax administration, and Taxpayer) have a positive impact on reducing the tax evasion, in light of governance mechanisms. study recommends the need to raise the tax awareness level among members of the Taxpayer, work to reduce the continuation of making adjustments on tax laws and legislation, and give a sufficient period of time to ensure that desired economic and social impact being achieved from these adjustments, with the need to announce the official statistics of tax evasion’s figures and ratios, because the unofficial statistics on tax evasion have been tarnished by some exaggeration where work should concentrate on increasing penalties of tax evaders.
Influence of Saturated Organic Matter on the Accuracy of In-Situ Measurements Recorded with a Nuclear Moisture and Density Gauge
Authors: Labelle Eric R. , Jaeger Dirk
Published: January 2021

The impact of machines on forest soils is regularly assessed and quantified using absolute bulk density, which is most frequently obtained by soil cores. However, to allow for repeated measurements at the exact same locations, non-destructive devices are increasingly being used to determine soil bulk density and moisture content in field studies. An example of such a device is a nuclear moisture and density gauge (NMDG), originally designed as a control measurement for soil bulk density and moisture content in geotechnical applications. Unlike road construction or foundation projects that use mineral soil or gravel, forest soils have complex structures and the presence of organic matter, which can skew moisture and density readings from a NMDG. To gain further knowledge in this respect, we performed controlled tests in a sandbox to quantify the influence of varying amounts of saturated organic matter (3, 5, 10, and 15%) mixed with mineral soil in different layers (0–5, 0–10, 0–20 and 0–40 cm) on the accuracy of soil moisture content obtained by a NMDG and soil theta probe at varying depths. Main results illustrated that the presence of saturated organic matter per se was not problematic but moisture content overestimations and related underestimation of dry bulk density occurred when the tested measurement depth was below the created organic layer. Since forest soils often exhibit higher organic matter contents in the upper horizon, correction factors are suggested to minimize the moisture content variations between NMDG and reference method. With the use of correction factors, NMDG can present a non-destructive, fast, and accurate method of measuring soil moisture and bulk density in forestry applications.