bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores asociados a retinopatía en diabetes mellitus
Authors: Peñuela Suárez Angie Nicole , Manrique Fabio Andrés , Pérez Espinel Paula Daniel , Rey Rodríguez Diana Valeria , Sotomonte Flórez María Camila
Published: October 2020

Based on a literature review, this research aims to identify the associated factors affecting the population with diabetic retinopathy (DR). To do so, an online search for scientific papers was carried out in the databases Medline (PubMed) and LILACS, using Health Science Descriptors [DeCS] and including keywords like risk factors, diabetes and retinopathy. As a result, 9 studies were identified indicating factors associated with DR in the population with diabetes mellitus such as dyslipidemia, glycemic control, living in rural areas, hypertension, duration of diabetes, tobacco use, obesity, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and pre-eclampsia. In general, this work concluded that hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension are combined throughout the diabetes course, thus determining the physiopathology underlying a diabetic retinopathy. This way, keeping an appropriate and balanced blood-pressure and glycemic control becomes the most relevant factor to reduce the risk of disease progress as a retina microvascular condition
VOĐENJE KAO NEZAOBILAZNA FUNKCIJA SUDIONIKA ODGOJNO-OBRAZOVNOG PROCESA U SUVREMENOM VRTIĆKOM KONTEKSTU
Authors: Stojković Jadranka
Published: October 2020

Kvalitetno obavljanje odgojno-obrazovne djelatnosti u kontekstu suvremenih ustanova ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja zahtijeva profesionalno pedagoška, didaktička i metodička znanja stečena kroz inicijalno obrazovanje, ali i dodavanje i primjenu brojnih drugih kompetencija. U radu je analiziran kontekst ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje u svjetlu suvremenih paradigmi u odgoju i obrazovanju iz kojih nedvojbeno proizlazi potreba stjecanja novih kompetencija s naglaskom na voditeljske kompetencije koje postaju bitna pedagoška svojstva svih nositelja odgojno-obrazovnog procesa (odgojitelja, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja). Akceptiranjem vođenja kao procesa kojim se u određenim situacijama nastoji utjecati na pojedinca ili grupu kako bi se postigli određeni ciljevi otvara se potreba višedimenzionalnog pogleda na taj fenomen.
INTERAKCIJSKO-KOMUNIKACIJSKI PROCES U NASTAVI I ŠKOLSKO POSTIGNUĆE UČENIKA
Authors: Tomčić Lana , Andevski Milica
Published: October 2020

Razredna klima predstavlja jedan od bitnih faktora koji utiče na školsko postignuće učenika. Kako je reč o kompleksnom fenomenu koji uključuje brojne elemente, fokus u ovom radu stavljen je na interakcijsko-komunikacijski proces u nastavi. Cilj rada je da se kroz teorijsku analizu determinišu elementi interakcijsko-komunikacijskog procesa u nastavi koji doprinose poboljšanju školskog postignuća učenika, odnosno sprečavanju školskog neuspeha. Rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja pokazuju da su u značajnoj meri vaspitni stil nastavnika i interpersonalna komunikacija elementi interakcijsko-komunikacijskog procesa koji utiču na školsko postignuće učenika. Iz tog razloga, u radu se najpre razmatraju ovi elementi, gde se poseban akcenat stavlja na verbalnu i neverbalnu komunikaciju, kao glavne odlike interpersonalne komunikacije u nastavnom procesu. Sledeći deo rada je posvećen prikazu rezultata dosadašnjih istraživanja o nivoima i vrstama interakcijske povezanosti u nastavi i njenog uticaja na školsko postignuća učenika. Zaključuje se da bi u nastavi trebalo da budu zastupljeni demokratski stil rukovođenja i podržavajuće-otvoreno-saradnička komunikacijska klima kroz koje bi nastavnik primereno koristio verbalnu komunikaciju i osvestio važnost praćenja i uvažavanja neverbalne komunikacije kako bi doprineo prevenciji, odnosno sprečavanju školskog neuspeha.
RELATION BETWEEN THE FACTORS OF FAMILY RESILIENCE AND PLAYING VIDEO GAMES WITH VIOLENT CONTENTS
Authors: Radetić-Paić Mirjana , Drandić Dijana , Čakarić Matija
Published: October 2020

Regarding the fact that the research has indicated that the correlation of playing violent video games and violent behaviour could be explained by introducing a “third variable”, the aim of this paper was to determine if there were differences in the factors of students' family resilience when they played video games with violent or non-violent contents. For the purposes of this paper, we used the Family Resilience Assessment Questionnaire (Ferić, Maurović and Žižak, 2016), which was developed according to the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) (Sixbey, 2005), and which was standardized for use in research in the Republic of Croatia. The questionnaire consisted of 45 items that measured the family resilience factors. Results have shown that when students play video games with non-violent contents, the family resilience factors are linked to the sense of community and trust between members, and their cohesion with family and friends is stronger. A scientific contribution of this paper is the achievement of specific results linked to the family resilience and playing video games with (non)violent contents. The significance of these results also lies in the fact that they give guidelines for the recognition of problems and interventions on various levels.
Histórias de adesões, acomodações e resistências em tempos de ditadura
Authors: Rosário Maria José Aviz do
Published: October 2020

Este artigo pretende, por meio da metodologia da História Oral, analisar a formação de professoras no IEP de 1964 a 1985, a partir do questionamento: Como as/os professoras/es e alunas/os egressas/os do IEP compreenderam e viveram a formação de professores em um tempo de ditadura? Com o intuito de compreender a construção de adesões, acomodações e resistências ao projeto do Estado ditatorial brasileiro. Os resultados dão conta de que no IEP, no período de (1964-1982) apresenta um processo formativo quase que descolado das injunções do Estado ditatorial brasileiro, as marcas de adesões e acomodações se expressavam por meio de vigilância, comportamentos, presença dos representantes do regime no espaço escolar e por disciplinas meramente instrumentais; a história da resistência às práticas da ditadura só aparece no período (1983-1985), na redemocratização, com um movimento de resistência bastante significativo, organização e movimentação estudantil, formação do Grêmio Estudantil e a postura de professoras/es de combate às práticas ditatoriais em que não faltaram embates político-ideológico entre o campo ligado às esquerdas e as/os ditos “representantes” do Estado. Conclui-se, formação de professoras/es no IEP foi permeada por estes processos, associada à proposta de educação promovida pelo Estado ditatorial brasileiro. Nos primeiros anos, sem questionamentos, onde se observa as adesões e acomodações usadas como ferramenta dos processos de formação e, nos últimos, a resistência, sendo levada de fora para dentro da instituição, promovendo outra concepção de formação.
construcción de masculinidades en los internados del Colegio Nacional de La Plata (Argentina, 1910-1920)
Authors: Kopelovich Pablo
Published: October 2020

Analizamos la construcción de masculinidades en los internados del Colegio Nacional de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) entre los años 1910, momento de su materialización y 1920, fecha de su disolución. Nos interesa indagar en las construcciones discursivas de los directivos de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y de los encargados de los internados, que indican formas correctas e incorrectas de ser o transformarse en hombre, en una experiencia pedagógica novedosa para la época. Desde una metodología cualitativa, se propone el estudio de un caso, que resulta interesante en sí mismo. Encontramos que, en un espacio homosocial, se fomenta la formación de la responsabilidad y del carácter, en el afán de producir hombres fuertes y sanos. De este modo, se hace hincapié en una educación moral, ligada a la educación de las emociones y las sensibilidades, transmitiendo valores de clase como el honor y la caballerosidad.
Developing capabilities for sustainability in family owned SMEs: An emerging market scenario
Authors: Akume Ben , Iguisi Osarumwense
Published: October 2020

The academic discourse on ‘family’ perpetuity in family-owned businesses (FOB) is still burgeoning.  Current findings suggest the importance of family control and family inter-generational sustainability in family-owned businesses. Though literature in family perpetuity and sustainability is well documented from the advanced economies, there is a scarcity of insights from emerging markets where this research relates.  The study, therefore, sought to investigate, understand and interpret the underlying drivers of sustainability in small and medium family businesses using the stewardship theory paradigm and relying on evidence from an emerging market economy the Nigerian family business environment. A qualitative method with 41 in-depth interviews involving owners and managers of family-owned small and medium businesses was conducted. The study empirically shows that there is an interrelationship between family structure and business sustainability, hence the practice of polygamy was found to be inimical to family business success and sustainability. The study also showed that the element of spirituality arising from the ideals and values of the owning family is a significant factor for ensuring family wellbeing and business sustainability, and founding owner characteristics (industry experience) and impacts positively on the business performance and continuity. The study confirmed that the stewardship of non-family member employees within the business is provisional stewardship as non-family members rely on other incentives from the owning family members to behave as stewards.  Building on the stewardship theory, the paper develops a model of sustainability for small and medium family businesses. The study contributes to the theoretical literature on stewardship and family business sustainability
AVALIAÇÃO DA CONTAMINAÇÃO POR PESTICIDAS NOS SEDIMENTO DO RIO FORMOSO NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Guarda Patricia Martins , Santana Pontes Antonima Madalena , De Souza Domiciano Raquel , Da silva Gualberto Larissa , Guarda Emerson Adriano
Published: October 2020

RESUMO

Considerando o aumento da produção agrícola do Tocantins e o aumento no uso de pesticidas para esta produção, foram investigados os níveis de resíduos de pesticidas em amostras de sedimento do Rio Formoso, no estado do Tocantins. Analisou-se a presença de três pesticidas da classe dos carbamatos (carbaril, carbofurano e propoxur) por UHPLC-MS/MS, nos períodos de abril/2018 e julho/2019. As coletas foram realizadas as margens deste rio, na área de influência do projeto agrícola de Formoso do Araguaia – TO. Não foram encontrados os princípios ativos nas amostras de sedimento, o que pode ser entendido em função de algumas características físico químicas dos pesticidas estudados. Utilizando o método GOSS, os pesticidas estudados apresentaram características de rápida degradação no sedimento e com baixo potencial de contaminação associado ao sedimento. Foram analisadas, também, as características físico-químicas das amostras de sedimento coletadas, que justificam essa não quantificação desses três princípios ativos, nesse compartimento ambiental. Ainda que nenhum dos princípios ativos tenham sido encontrados, não se pode dizer que estes não estejam presentes em outros compartimentos, já que apresentam alto potencial de contaminação de água subterrânea, pelo método GUS e EPA.
An observation of Sugar Gliders evicting nesting White-throated Treecreepers from a nest box in central Victoria
Authors:   School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Road, East Lismore NSW 2480, Australia, Terry William
Published: October 2020

This note describes the eviction of nesting White-throated Treecreepers Cormobates leucophaea from a nest box by a Sugar Glider Petaurus breviceps in central Victoria. Predation of the birds and eggs was not observed.
The Human Proteoform Project: A Plan to Define the Human Proteome
Authors: Smith Lloyd , Agar Jeffrey , Chamot-Rooke Julia , Danis Paul , Ge Ying , Loo Joseph , Pasa-Tolic Ljiljana , Tsybin Yury , Kelleher Neil
Published: October 2020

Proteins are the primary effectors of function in biology, and thus complete knowledge of their structure and properties is fundamental to deciphering function in basic and translational research. The chemical diversity of proteins is expressed in their many proteoforms, which result from combinations of genetic polymorphisms, RNA splice variants and post-translational modifications. This knowledge is foundational for the biological complexes and networks that control biology, yet remains largely unknown. We propose here an ambitious initiative to define the human proteome; that is to generate a definitive reference set of the proteoforms produced from the genome. Several examples of the power and importance of proteoform-level knowledge in disease-based research are presented, along with a call for improved technologies in a two-pronged strategy to accomplish the Human Proteoform Project.
A Review of Published and Unpublished Findings from 20 Long-term Monitoring Studies of Eastern Monarch Butterflies: the Population was Never in Danger, Despite Recent Winter Colony Declines
Authors: Davis Andrew
Published: October 2020

There are a large number of wildlife and insect species that are in trouble on this planet, and most believe that monarch butterflies in eastern North America are too, because of the well-publicized declines of their winter colonies in central Mexico in the last 25 years. A small number of studies over the last decade have cast doubt on this claim by showing declines are not evident at other stages of the annual cycle. To determine how extensive this pattern is, I conducted an exhaustive review of peer-reviewed and grey literature on (eastern) monarch population censuses and studies, conducted across all seasons, and extracted data from these sources to evaluate how monarch abundance has or has not changed over time. I identified 20 collections of data that included butterfly club reports, compilations of citizen-science observations, migration roost censuses, long-term studies of isotopic signatures, and even museum records. These datasets range in duration from 15 years to over 100 years, and I endeavored to also update each with information from the most current years. I also re-examined the winter colony data after incorporating historical records of colony measurements dating back to 1976. This represents the most complete and up-to-date synthesis of information regarding this population. When I examined the long-term trajectory within each dataset a distinct pattern emerged. Modest declines are evident within the winter colonies (over the full 45 year dataset), and, within three censuses conducted during the spring recolonization. Meanwhile, 16 completely separate monitoring studies conducted during the summer and fall (and from varying locations) revealed either no trend at all or in fact an increase in abundance. While each of these long-term studies has inherent limitations, the fact that all 16 sources of data show the same pattern is undeniable. Moreover, this evidence is consistent with recently-conducted genetic work that shows a lack of decline. Collectively, these results indicate that despite diminishing winter colonies and spring migrations, monarchs in eastern North America are capable of rebounding fully each year, implying that milkweed is not limiting within their collective range. Moreover, there is no indication from these data that the summer population was ever truly diminished by changing agricultural practices in the Midwest that reduced milkweed in crop fields within that region. It is possible that the larger population is not as dependent on Midwestern agricultural milkweed as once thought, and/or that monarchs are adapting to increasingly human-altered landscapes. These results are timely and should bear on the upcoming USFWS decision on whether the monarch requires federal protection in the United States. Importantly, they argue that despite losses of many insects globally, the eastern North American monarch population is not in the same situation.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI MOBILE APP SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA POKOK BAHASAN LINGKARAN
Authors: Wijayanti Dwi antari
Published: October 2020

Objek matematika yang bersifat abstrak membuat siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memvisualisasikannya, sehingga diperlukan sebuah inovasi dalam pembelajaran matematika melalui pengembangan media pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan aplikasi mobile app yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran pada pokok bahasan lingkaran untuk siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development dengan menggunakan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Untuk memastikan kesesuaian atau kelayakan atas media pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan, dilakukan ujicoba dilakukan dengan melibatkan ahli materi, bahasa, dan media. Selain itu juga dilakukan ujicoba one to one dan ujicoba kelas kecil terhadap guru dan siswa. Dari hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji oleh  ahli materi memberikan persentase nilai rata-rata sebesar 82.75% terhadap media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan. Sedangkan hasil dari validasi ahli media pembelajaran diperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 84%. Pada pengujian one to one yang dilakukan terhadap guru secara keseluruhan diperoleh persentase 89%, sedangkan hasil pengujian one to one yang dilakukan terhadap siswa secara keseluruhan diperoleh persentase 88%, sehingga dapat hasil pengujian dapat dikaterorikan sangat baik dinilai dari aspek materi, pembelajaran, dan bahasa. Dari hasil pengujian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi mobile app sebagai media pembelajaran pada pokok bahasan lingkaran yang telah dikembangkan  sudah sangat baik dan layak untuk digunakan oleh siswa sebagai bahan atau sumber belajar yang dapat digunakan dimana saja.

 

Kata kunci : media pembelajaran, matematika, aplikasi mobile app,  materi lingkaran
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SQUARE SHARE (TPSS) PADA POKOK BAHASAN POLINOMIAL DI KELAS XI IPA 3 SMA NEGERI 50 JAKARTA
Authors: Priyatna Evan Setiyady , Noornia Anton , Wijayanti Dwi Antari
Published: October 2020

AbstrakBerdasarkan hasil observasi dan hasil tes kemampuan awal pemahaman konsep matematika yang dilakukan di kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 50 Jakarta, dapat dikatakan bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa masih tergolong rendah, sehingga kemampuan tersebut perlu ditingkatkan. Penerapan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran Think Pair Square Share (TPSS) dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran di kelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 50 Jakarta melalui penerapan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran Think Pair Square Share (TPSS). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pembelajaran di setiap siklus dengan menerapkan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran TPSS. Siswa diberikan tes akhir siklus untuk mengukur kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan Oktober hingga November 2016 di kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 50 Jakarta tahun ajaran 2016/2017 dengan jumlah siswa di kelas sebanyak 36 orang siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran Think Pair Square Share (TPSS) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika yang diberikan setiap akhir siklus. Rata-rata nilai kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas XI IPA 3 pada penelitian pendahuluan adalah 38,03, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 61,67, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 80,18 dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 92,22. Jumlah siswa yang mencapai atau melebihi nilai 75 yang menjadi kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) pada tes akhir siklus juga mengalami peningkatan. Pada penelitian pendahuluan terdapat 1 siswa (2,78%), pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 5 siswa (13,89%), pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 26 siswa (72,22%), dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 34 siswa (94,44%).
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK-PAIR-SQUARE DENGAN PENDEKATAN OPEN-ENDED TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA SMA NEGERI 48 JAKARTA
Authors: Sukmawati Suci , Hajizah Mimi Nur , El Hakim Lukman
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-square dengan pendekatan open-ended terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen semu. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah Control-group post-test only design. Populasi penelitian ini ialah siswa SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Kelas X-IPS-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X-IPS-2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menggunakan uji-t diperoleh rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dari model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-square dengan pendekatan open-ended terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP terhadap Soal Persamaan Garis Lurus Berdasarkan Indikator Pemahaman
Authors: Permatasari Dinda
Published: October 2020

Abstrak

Banyak siswa kesulitan dalam hal memahami soal matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan matematis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator pemahaman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sample dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator pemahaman. Instrumen penelitian telah diuji cobakan kepada 10 siswa SMP yang sebelumnya sudah penah mempelajari materi persamaan garis lurus. Setelah melalui proses uji coba, prosentase siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal adalah pada soal nomor 1 (100%), soal nomor 2 (55%), nomor 3 (35%), soal nomor 4 (26,7%), soal nomor 5 (20%), soal nomor 6 (13%), soal nomor 7 (5%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator  pada umumnya masih rendah. Hasil penelitian menujukkan banyaknya kesalahan siswa dalam memahami soal, siswa lemah dalam memahami konsep persamaan garis lurus, tidak menggambarkan titik koordinat dari suatu persamaan kedalam diagram cartesius, siswa tidak hafal rumus yang berkaitan dengan persamaan garis lurus, dan siswa tidak dapat membedakan rumus yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan soal. Alternatif mengatasi lemahnya kemampuan pemahaman siswa adalah perlu bagi guru untuk dapat mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran agar siswa terlatih kemampuan pemahaman matematisnya dengan memberikan soal â€“ soal latihan yang bervariasi kepada siswa secara kontinu.

Kata-kata kunci: kemampuan pemahaman matematis, indikator pemahaman, persamaan garis lurus.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Probing Prompting Berbantuan LKS Terstruktur Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta
Authors: Nurul Thaniya Safitri  , Salsabila Ellis , Hajizah Mimi Nur
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Probing Prompting berbantuan LKS Terstruktur terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis berupa 5 soal uraian yang telah dinyatakan valid. Populasi target penelitian adalah seluruh siswa SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta. Populasi terjangkau penelitian adalah siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Two Stage Sampling, yaitu Purposive Sampling dan Cluster Random Sampling. Tahap pertama Purposive Sampling, terpilih 5 kelas yang termasuk ke dalam jurusan MIA. Tahap kedua adalah Cluster Random Sampling, yaitu pengambilan 2 dari 5 kelas yang telah lolos uji prasyarat analisis data sebelum perlakuan, sebagai 1 kelas eksperimen (X MIA 1) yang belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Probing Prompting berbantuan LKS Terstruktur  dan 1 kelas kontrol (X MIA 3) dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional.

Berdasarkan hasil pengujian prasyarat analisis data setelah perlakuan, hasil tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis kelas eksperimen dan kontrol berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Pengujian hipotesis statistik Uji-t dengan ttaraf signifikansi , diperoleh  dan . Nilai  sehingga ditolak dan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa rata-rata skor tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol. Besar pengaruh model kooperatif tipe Probing Prompting berbantuan LKS Terstruktur terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta adalah  dengan presentasi 76% dan berada pada kategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Probing Prompting berbantuan LKS Terstruktur terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMA Negeri 31 Jakarta.

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Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Probing Prompting, LKS Terstruktur, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran SSCS (Search, Solve, Create, and Share) terhadap Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Siswa SMA Negeri 45 Jakarta
Authors: Orbitha Khaillasiwi  , Swida Purwanto  , Meiliasari
Published: October 2020

Kemampuan koneksi matematis ialah kemampuan untuk mengaitkan konsep-konsep dalam matematika, mengaitkan konsep matematika dengan disiplin ilmu lai, serta dengan permasalahan dalam kehidupan nyata. Kemampuan koneksi matematis erat kaitannya dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Apabila kemampuan koneksi matematis yang dimiliki kurang, maka saat menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan pun akan mengalami kesulitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran SSCS (Search, Solve, Create, and Share) terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 45 Jakarta pada siswa kelas XI MIPA tahun ajaran 2018/2019 dengan pokok bahasan turunan fungsi aljabar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen semu, yang melibatkan 62 siswa sebagai sampel. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes akhir kemampuan koneksi matematis yang terdiri dari 4 soal uraian. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t’ dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan hipotesis, diperoleh t_hitung=3,842>1,697=t_(0,05;51) sehingga tolak H0, artinya rata-rata hasil tes kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa kelas eksperimen secara signifikan lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran SSCS (Search, Solve, Create, and Share) berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa SMA Negeri 45 Jakarta. Pengaruh yang diberikan termasuk ke dalam kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 84% berdasarkan perhitungan dengan Cohen’s effect size.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Berbasis HOTS
Authors: Agusta Erna Sari
Published: October 2020

Titik sentral yang harus dicapai dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar adalah tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Guru diharuskan mendesain pembelajaran dengan berbagai metode dengan diselipkan beberapa permasalahan yang dapat merangsang daya nalar siswa (materi harus ditingkatkan sampai analisis dan sintesis). Penelitian ini berdasarkan permasalahan : Bagaimana  pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis HOTs terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika?. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran berbasis HOTs. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian action research sebanyak 2 siklus, dimana setiap siklusnya terdiri dari rancangan, pelaksanaan, refleksi, dan revisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII-2 MTsN 28 Jakarta. Data diperoleh dari angket aktifitas siswa, hasil tes formatif, dan lembar observasi kegiatan. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, 44,4% (siklus I), 69,4% (siklus II), 80,5% (siklus III). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis HOTs dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VII-2 MTsN 28 Jakarta.
Incidence of uterine rupture and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ayenew Asteray Assmie , Nigussie Azezu Asres , Zewdu Biruk Ferede
Published: October 2020

Background: Globally, maternal morbidity and mortality a major public health challenge. Uterine rupture is a life-threatening obstetrical emergency with life-threatening complications for both the mother and her infant. In developing countries, it is the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the incidence of uterine rupture and its associated factors among mothers managed for obstetric cases in Ethiopia.Method: for this review, we used the standard PRISMA checklist guideline. Different online databases were used for the review: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, HINARI, WHO Afro Library Databases, and African Online Journals. Based on the adapted PICO principles, different search terms were applied to achieve and access all the essential articles. This search included all published and unpublished observational studies written only in English language and conducted in Ethiopia. Microsoft Excel 16 was used for data entrance, and Stata version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) used for data analysis.Result: A total of 21 studies with 33,303 mothers managed for obstetric cases were included. The pooled incidence of uterine rupture among mothers managed for obstetric cases in Ethiopia was 3.25% (95%CI: 2.6–3.89, I2=97.4%, P<0.001). Rural residency (adjusted odds ratio (AOR):5.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 95%CI: 3.17–9.34, I2 =59.5%, P=0.03), grand multiparty (AOR = 2.38; 95%CI: 1.32–4.29, I2=0.0%, p=0.002), not having antenatal care (AOR =4.05(; 95% CI: 1.90–8.64 I2=89.4%, P<0.001), having previous cesarean section scar (AOR =7.10; 95% CI: 5.40–9.34, I2=26.3%, P=0.254), having Prolonged labour (AOR=6.71; 95%CI: 4.04–11.15, I2=84.6%, P<0.001), having obstructed labour (AOR=7.22; 95%CI: 2.86–18.28, I2=97.4%, P<0.001), no partograph utilization for labour monitoring (AOR=3.43; 95%CI: 1.62–7.29, I2=66.6%, P=0.05) were the determinant factors for the incidence of uterine rupture in Ethiopia.Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the incidence of uterine rupture was high in Ethiopia. Being from the rural area, prolonged labour, having cesarean section scar, not using partograph for labour monitoring, not having ante natal care, and obstructed labour increased the risk of uterine rupture.
Proteasome inhibitors counteract the effect of cisplatin in an HPV-positive tonsil squamous cell carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Sugiyama Natsuki , Adrian Gabriel , Schwartz Stefan , Wennerberg Johan , Ekblad Lars
Published: October 2020

Background A rapid increase in human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a global trend. Although HPV-positive patients have a more favorable prognosis, distant metastases occur, warranting new, systemic treatment options. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combining proteasome or MDM2 inhibitors with cisplatin on an HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (LU-HNSCC-26).Methods The LU-HNSCC-26 cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib, carfilzomib or ixazomib) or MDM2 inhibitor (RG7112) in combination with cisplatin. Combinatorial effects were analyzed by isobolograms. Protein expression was investigated by Western blotting and cell cycle phase distribution by flow cytometry. Results There was no synergy between the substances and cisplatin. All proteasome inhibitors displayed antagonistic effects while the MDM2 inhibitor was additive in combination with cisplatin. The expression of p53 was only marginally affected and apoptosis was not detected. The cell cycle progression was halted in G0/G1 with all inhibitors and in S phase with cisplatin. The expression of p21 increased by bortezomib or carfilzomib, ixazomib increased p21 in combination with cisplatin while RG7112 did not affect p21. There was no effect on ERCC1 with any of the substances.Conclusions In the investigated HPV16-positive OPSCC cell line, proteasome inhibition decreased the effect of cisplatin. A possible mechanism for this includes low effects on p53 expression with concomitant increase in p21 expression and blocking of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 with preserved DNA damage repair. The combination of proteasome inhibition with ordinary cytotoxic treatment for HPV-positive OPSCC patients is thus questionable, and clinical trials should be preceded by thorough testing in adequate models.
Virulence Factors and Molecular Epidemiology of Pyogenic Liver Abscess Causing Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Wenzhou, China
Authors: Wang Zhongyong , Zhang Siqin , Huang Na , Liu Shixing , Xu Ye , Zhao Yajie , Cao Jianming , Zhou Tieli
Published: October 2020

Background: To date, little is known about virulence characteristics of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) causing multidrug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). It may be that these strains are rare. The aim of this study was to analyze the virulence characteristics and molecular epidemiology of 12 MDR strains from 163 PLA cases in a tertiary teaching hospital from the perspective of clinical characteristics, virulence phenotypes and genotypes.Results: The virulence phenotypes of the 12 PLA-causing MDR K. pneumoniae were similar or even more obvious than those of typical hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae control strains according to the results of growth curves, string test, capsular quantification, serum killing test, biofilm formation assay, and infection model. These MDR strains were mainly non-K1/K2 serotypes and carried multiple virulence genes. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) illustrated that the MDR strains were categorized into nine sequence types.Conclusions: This study is the first analysis of the virulence factors in PLA-causing MDR strains. Our data exhibited the coexistence of hypervirulence and multidrug resistance in PLA-causing MDR K. pneumoniae strains, and the clones of those PLA-causing MDR strains were diverse and scattered. The study was firstly found one ST11 carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent strain in PLA.
Trophic states regulate assembly processes and network structures of small chromophytic phytoplankton communities in subtropical coastal ecosystem
Authors: Chen Xing , Zhao Huaxian , Jiang Gonglingxia , Tang Jinli , Xu Qiangsheng , Chen Si , Zou Shuqi , Dong Ke , Hou Weiguo , Pan Lianghao , Wang Pengbin , Li Nan
Published: October 2020

Small chromophytic phytoplankton (SCP) are anticipated to be more important for a significant proportion of primary production in estuarine-coastal ecosystems. However, responses of SCP community to coastal eutrophication are still unclear. In this study, we investigated diversity, co-occurrence and assembly features of SCP communities, as well as their relationship with environmental factors in the subtropical Beibu Gulf. The results exhibited that the alpha diversity (ANOVA, p < 0.001) and beta diversity (ANOSIM, p < 0.001) of SCP communities were significantly different among eutrophic states. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a complex interaction between SCP community and environmental factors. Most ASVs in modules of the network were specific to trophic states. Further, phylogenetic based β-nearest taxon distance analyses revealed that stochastic processes mainly provided 69.26% contribution to SCP community assembly, whereas deterministic processes dominated community assembly in a heavy eutrophic state. Importantly, increased environmental disturbances, such as nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, could alter SCP community structure and disrupt ecological processes. Overall, our findings elucidate the mechanism of diversity and assembly in marine SCP community and promote the understanding of SCP ecology related to subtropical coastal eutrophication.
To Find Your Location: Secure and Practical Point Location Scheme
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Sun Jiacong
Published: October 2020

With the ubiquitous mobile devices and the advanced wireless communication, location-based service (LBS) helps people to enjoy a convenient lifestyle and has attracted numerous research interests. As a basic query process in LBS system, point location requires to find a region containing the query point. Since location belongs to sensitive information and also leads other private information leaked, it is urgent to design a secure and efficient point location scheme. In this paper, we propose a point location scheme named SecPL to protect sensitive information while supporting high efficient location query. Specifically, we introduce a LineTest scheme from asymmetric scalar-product-preserving encryption (ASPE) to facilitate the checking of whether a point lies above or below a line. Furthermore, the SecPL scheme is designed by leveraging LineTest and order-preserving encryption (OPE) scheme. Through detailed security analysis, we demonstrate that SecPL scheme achieves data privacy and query privacy at the same time. Finally, the performance evaluation demonstrates the high efficiency of the proposed SecPL scheme.
Assessing land use and land cover changes and Effects of Large-scale Agricultural Farm Expansion in Southwester Ethiopia by using remote sensing/GIS tools.
Authors: Shoddo Getaneh Haile
Published: October 2020

Development initiatives like the recent increase in large-scale investment agriculture have made a significant impact on the forest. In the name of development, the land is often given to investors often in long-term leases and at bargain prices. Research on deforestation has been mostly restricted to poverty and population growth as the driving forces for tropical deforestation; however, explanations emphasizing market factors such as increases in large-scale investment agriculture as a cause of deforestation have only been carried out in a small number of areas. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of agricultural land expansion in changing land use and land use cover changes using remote sensing/GIS tools in Sheka zone southwester Ethiopia from 1995 to 2015. The results showed that expansion of investment agriculture has a clear impact on both the local people and the forest ecosystem. The conversion of forestland to investment agriculture has caused varied and extensive environmental degradation to the Sheka forest. The Land Use and Land Cover changes in the Sheka zone are discussed based on underlying socioeconomic factors.
Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis, expression pattern, and transcriptional regulatory network of the pig C/EBP gene family
Authors: Zhang Chaoxin , Wang Tao , Liu Shengwei , Zhang Bing , Li Xue , Tang Jian , Wang Peng , Guo Yuanyuan , Wang Zhipeng
Published: October 2020

Background: The vertebrate C/EBP transcription factors regulate many important biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, signal transduction, inflammation, and energy metabolism. The first C/EBP protein was identified in rat liver nuclei. Development of sequencing technology resulted in identification of the C/EBP genes in various species. In this study, a bioinformatics approach was used to determine the distribution of the members of the C/EBP family in vertebrates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze the C/EBP genes in vertebrates. Based on RNA-seq data, the expression patterns of pig C/EBP members in various tissues were analyzed. In addition, a gene transcription regulatory network was constructed with pig C/EBP members as the core.Results: We identified a total of 92 C/EBP genes in 17 vertebrate genomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all C/EBP TFs were classified into two groups; group I contained C/EBPβ TFs, and group II contained the remaining C/EBP TFs. The C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ, C/EBPγ, and C/EBPζ genes were expressed ubiquitously with inconsistent expression patterns in various tissues. Moreover, a pig C/EBP regulatory network was constructed, including C/EBP genes, TFs, and miRNAs. A total of 39 FFL motifs were detected in the pig C/EBP regulatory network. Based on the RNA-seq data, gene expression patterns related to this FFL sub-network were analyzed in 27 adult Duroc tissues. Certain FFL motifs may be tissue specific. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that C/EBP and its target genes are involved in many important biological pathways. Conclusions: These results provide valuable information that clarifies the evolutionary relationships of the C/EBP family and contributes to the understanding of the biological function of C/EBP genes.
Feature-based Energy Consumption Quantitation Strategy for Additive Manufacturing of Complex Parts
Authors: Gao Mengdi , Liu Conghu , Wang Qingyang , Li Lei , Li Xinyu , Ma Zhilin , Liu Zhifeng
Published: October 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) has significant advantages over conventional manufacturing technologies, including freedom of design, mass customization, and the ability to produce complex structures. Because reducing manufacturing energy is an essential challenge for industrial sustainability and national economics, the trend toward AM motivates us to explore the energy consumption of AM to address energy efficiency. Existing energy consumption quantitation methods for AM parts require complex models, and the energy consumption characteristics of AM equipment muse be considered in the quantitative analysis process. Therefore, a feature-based energy consumption quantitation method for complex AM parts is proposed that uses a simple model and can be applied to different AM technologies. A feature segmentation method is first proposed to divide complex AM parts into typical AM features (AMFs). Then, the energy consumption model is developed for each AMF to quantify the energy consumption during fabrication of the entire part. Finally, the energy consumption characteristics of a typical mechanical part manufactured by three different kinds of AM processes—fuse deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser melting (SLM)—are investigated using the proposed feature-based energy consumption quantitation method and measured in an experimental case study. The results show that the proposed method can effectively and quickly predict the energy consumption of AM part manufacturing. Moreover, the efficiency of different types of AM processes is compared and discussed to address applicable efficiency improvement methods. This method can predict the energy consumption of complex AM parts, and can be integrated into the AM three-dimensional software model, providing a reference for structural optimization of AM parts.
Construction and Validation of a Metabolic Reprogramming Related Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaohong - , Xu Qian - , Li Zi-Jing - , Xiong Bin -
Published: October 2020

BackgroundMetabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark in the development of malignancies. Numerous metabolic genes have been demonstrated to participate in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prognostic significance of the metabolic genes in HCC remains elusive. MethodsWe downloaded the gene expression profiles and clinical information from the GEO, TCGA and ICGC databases. The differently expressed metabolic genes were identified by using Limma R package. Univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) Cox regression analysis were utilized to uncover the prognostic significance of metabolic genes. A metabolism-related prognostic model was constructed in TCGA cohort and validated in ICGC cohort. Furthermore, we constructed a nomogram to improve the accuracy of the prognostic model by using the multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe high-risk score predicted poor prognosis for HCC patients in the TCGA cohort, as confirmed in the ICGC cohort (P < 0.001). And in the multivariate Cox regression analysis, we observed that risk score could act as an independent prognostic factor for the TCGA cohort (HR (hazard ratio) 3.635, 95% CI (confidence interval)2.382-5.549) and the ICGC cohort (HR1.905, 95%CI 1.328-2.731). In addition, we constructed a nomogram for clinical use, which suggested a better prognostic model than risk score.ConclusionsOur study identified several metabolic genes with important prognostic value for HCC. These metabolic genes can influence the progression of HCC by regulating tumor biology and can also provide metabolic targets for the precise treatment of HCC.
SIMS (Imaging Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) Analysis of a Cross-section Sample From Leonardo Da Vinci’s Adoration of the Magi
Authors: Tian Hua , Seracini Maurizio , Schimmel Katherine , Benkovic Stephen J. , Winograd Nicholas
Published: October 2020

Paintings often consist of highly complex layered structures that contain a mixture of organic and inorganic materials at each layer depending upon the artist’s technique. A comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition could provide critical information on the sequence of events that led to an artwork’s current state. In this investigation, we have employed a novel imaging technique known as Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) to chemically map the cross-section of a paint film sampled from Leonardo da Vinci’s Adoration of the Magi at a submicron resolution using a C60+ ion source. A wide range of materials were found to be spatially localized at the different layers such as: protein, carbon, silicates, fatty acids, salts and lead associated compounds. An interaction of chloride salts with the lead white was observed in the priming layer. The chloride salts disrupted most of the priming layer suggesting that a cleaning process took place that removed most of the priming layer before the monochrome brown repaints were added on top at a later time.