bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE FİGHT AGAİNST SYPHİLİS İN THE ATATURK PERIOD
Authors: SINMAZ SÖNMEZ Cahide , ERDENANAR Reyhan
Published: September 2022

From the beginning of the 16th century until the first half of the 20th century, syphilis is a contagious disease that affected the Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish Republic together with the whole world. Since it is a sexually transmitted disease in general, it was seen as a disease to be shamed and hidden among the public, causing psychological disorders and suicides with this dimension. The struggle against the disease, which can cause wounds that cannot be hidden in the body unless treated, and cause paralysis and painful death in the later stages, and which can affect the whole people with its ability to pass from generation to generation, has been started since the Ottoman period, and effective measures have been implemented in the Republican period. In this study, the effects of syphilis on public health, the treatment and prevention of syphilis during Ataturk's period will be explained.
Flower Type Affects the Timing of Embryo Development in Native Primula Vulgaris
Authors: TÜTÜNCÜ Mehmet , KARABIYIK Şenay , SEVİNDİK Başar , BEYHAN Neriman
Published: September 2022

In this study, pin and thrum flowered wild primrose (Primula vulgaris= Syn: Primula acaulis) populations, which are naturally distributed in Black Sea Region in Türkiye, were cultivated and their pollen viability, pollen tube growth and embryo development stages were investigated. As a result of the study, pollen viability in pollen of the pin flower type was 83.10%, while the in vitro germination rate was 69.43%. The viability and in vitro germination rates of pollen of thrum flower type were 84.91% and 67.92%, respectively. As a result of the squash preparation examinations, it was observed that the pollen tubes of both types started to germinate on the stigma on the 1 DAP (Day after pollination). On 4 DAP, it was determined that pollen tubes penetrated to the ovule. Embryo developmental stages examinations showed that, zygote formation occurred on 6 DAP in the pin flower type; while on the 20 DAP, the embryo was in the heart stage and finally on the 40 DAP, it was seen that it formed a mature cotyledonary stage embryo. Endosperm in the thrum type started to develop faster than the pin type and formed on the 6 and 7 DAP. In the thrum flower type, the proembryo formed on 10 DAP, but embryo formation could only be seen on 30 DAP. In the ovary examinations performed on the 40 DAP, some embryos were in the cotyledon stage while some were still in the globular or heart stage. It was also determined that no embryos were found in some ovules.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Cd (II) Heavy Metal by Using Stone Apple Shell as a Low Cost Adsorbent
Authors:   Departmet of Chemistry, Indira Mahavidyalaya, Kalamb Dist. Yavatmal 445401 (Maharashtra) India, D.M. Chavhan
Published: September 2022

The toxic element Cadmium (II) was determined by using the widely and easily available shells of fruits of stone apple with a good result. The cadmium is a highly toxic element in a trace amount also, therefore its detection is most important. In the present work the effective and powerful adsorbent properties of shells of waste fruits of stone apple (Aegle marmelos) were thoroughly studied. In this work the determination of Cadmium (II) heavy metals from the solutions of its salt were efficiently carried out. The efficiency of removal of Cd (II) was found to be 85 % at the optimum pH 6.7 and the contact time was 118 min for the toxic metal Cadmium (II). The adsorbent used in the present work was ecofriendly cost effective and easily available and will become the better substitute adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal Cd (II). The different parameters such as contact time, effect of pH, initial concentration of metal ions and amount of adsorbent on the adsorption capacity were studied by using the double beam UV-Visible Spectrophotometer.
Standard Method for the Determination of the Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide TiO2 in a Black Body Reactor
Authors:   Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Research Center of Energy and Building, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait, Ahmed S , Al-Hajji L A ,   Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Research Center of Energy and Building, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait
Published: September 2022

Synthesis of semiconductors to be used as photocatalysis, solar fuels attracts a wide attention since semiconductors photocatalyst are the most effective techniques to harvest solar light for environmental remediation. To determine the activity of a semiconducting photocatalyst is by imploying a black body photoreactor,where is the reaction rate defined as the converted amount of a probe molecule per unit time (dn/dt).measuring the reaction rate of a probe compound with the same type of photoreactor to compare the activities of photocatalysts under identical irradiation conditions is a very general way. The black body like a reactor is a new practical application to measure the quantum yields of photochemical reactions (Φ) in liquid-solid heterogeneous systems. One of the most major advantage of this new method, it is too simple to determine the photocatalytic activity of a photocatalysts such as the TiO2 as long as the fraction of the reflected and transmitted light are negligible due to the reactor geometry and high optical density of the heterogeneous systems. The quantum yields of the hetrogeneous system is a direct reaction since there is a lack of reliable experimental methods which make the determination at any photocatalytic laboratories very easy. The quantum yields are defined as the number of molecules of a given reactant per photon of light absorbed by photocatalyst at a given wavelength.
Trading on Equity and the Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks Listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange
Authors:   Accounting Department, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria, Eyigege Aza Ibrahim
Published: September 2022

This study examines the effect of trading on equity on the financial performance of deposit money banks listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange. The study utilizes an ex-post facto research design using panel data regression model covering the study period of ten years spanning from 2010 to 2019. Population of the study is the 22 deposit money banks listed on the Nigeria stock exchange from which a sample of 7 was drawn using purposive sampling technique.The dependent variable of the study is the financial performance measured by ROA and ROE while the independent variables are the trading on equity measured by debt to asset, debt to equity with a control variable as equity to asset. The finding of the study revealed that debt to asset and equity to asset has significant effect on the ROA while debt to equity has no significant effect on the ROA. The finding further indicated that debt to asset has significant effect on the ROE while debt to equity and equity to asset has no significant effect on the ROE. The finding therefore concludes that debt to asset and equity to asset are the major determinants of financial performance of the DMBs. The study recommends therefore that DMBs should utilize both debt with minimal cost of capital and equity as major sources of financing their operations.
Fostering Resilience Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Workforce Contentment and Organizational Performance
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ave-Maria University Piyanko, FCT-Abuja, Nigeria, Chinenyem Christian Oriaku , Omale Sunday Alewo ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Federal University Gashua, Yobe State
Published: September 2022

The focus of this article is on: ‘Fostering Resilience Information Technology (IT) for Workforce Contentment and Organizational Performance’. Information technology comprises all aspect of processing, storage as well as diffusion of information that are used in an electronic format. Regardless of the affirmative role of IT to economic efficiency as well as growth, an emergent country like ours is still lacking behind in using IT in manufacturing activities. Nigeria as a country is confronted with massive challenges in IT which has continuously nose dive Nigeria financial system as a result of challenges in terms of building IT connected to manufacturing functions. As a result, the objectives of this article was to find out the extent to which fostering resilience IT impact positively on employees contentment and to examine the perceived effect of resilience of information technology on organizational performance in the selected service firms in FCT-Abuja Nigeria. Data in term of secondary method as well as primary method of data collection were used to source for relevant information. A statistical technique such as regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Outcome from the analysis showed that fostering resilience IT has an affirmative impact on employees’ contentment as well as organizational performance in the selected service firms in FCT-Abuja Nigeria. The paper suggests that, organizational leaders must utilize human resource management theories and best information technology practices, acquire and train employees in this novel idea, appraise, reward and compensate employees to get the best from them. These will allow organization to engage the right skilled employee, placed them on the right job thereby leading to low turnover as well as enhanced good organization in their innovation process.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax, A Rare Complication of COVID-19, A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Jazan university, college of medicine, Department of Medicine, Saudi Arabia, Abdulrahman Hakami
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic outbreak since December 2019. It was notified in Wuhan, China in in December 2019, has rapidly swept around the world, causing a great threat to global health. COVID-19 result in systemic inflammation and lead to multiorgan dysfunction and complications. These complications involved pulmonary and cardiovascular system that result in in significant morbidity and mortality. A rare pulmonary complication of COVID-19 is the development of a spontaneous pneumothorax that detected less commonly in affected patients. We report a case of a large spontaneous pneumothorax in middle-aged man who managed with chest decompression by intercostal tube, the pneumothorax and symptoms resolved then discharged home with good outcome
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Biomedical Waste Management among Health Care Personnel at El-Mak Nimer University Hospital 2021
Authors:   Epidemiology and Public Health, Field Epidemiology Training Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Abbas Ali Ommama Idris
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Medical waste is generated by healthcare facilities such as hospitals, clinics, blood banks, and laboratories, which may cause infection to any person coming into contact with it. therefore, medical waste can be considered as being of the greatest environmental concern since it can harbor potentially harmful microorganisms and carries the risk of transmission of infections from healthcare facilities to healthcare workers, patients, and general public. Method: This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in Almak Nimer University Hospitals - River Nile state -Sudan during the year 2021 with the aim to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices among the health care personnel towards medical waste management. Total 125 respondents were participated in the study; the study uses questionnaires, interviews and observations as tools for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by Software Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the result was presented in figures and tables. Result: A total of 125 subjects participated in this study which included ( 34 doctors, 56 nurse, 18 lab technician, 17 class IV employees). The study revealed that (96.8%) of the respondents have good knowledge about hazardous waste. (94.4 % )of the respondents have good knowledge concerning waste transmitting diseases. ( 84.08%) have good attitudes towards BMW ,the study most of participant want to upgrade knowledge of BMW management. about practices (77.6%) wearing personal protective measure while handling BMW during the work .( 96%) wash their hands after the work, but only (61%) use drugs for cleaning the hand if injured. Conclusion: The study revealed that level of knowledge over all (73.5%), there is good knowledge among health worker except class IV which is found to be reasonable. There are reasonable level of knowledge by class IV regarding define color-coding system. The attitude support BMW management is a team work which is found to be good as well as attitude of upgrading knowledge is found to be good. Some of participant had not received vaccination , there is good practice toward handling of BMW as well as have good practice about using special container for disposal.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer: A Case Report
Authors:   Institut National de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSSA), Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, Ghoma Linguissi Laure Stella , Mabiala Albert ,   Service des Maladies infectieuses, Hôpital de Base de Makélékélé, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are two major public health problems associated with similar clinical and radiological presentations thus leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate initiation of treatment. We investigated the case of a patient presenting symptoms for Tuberculosis and who was finally diagnosed as having probable lung cancer. Lung cancer may be the cause of some of the symptoms in TB suspected patients and this calls for vigilance on clinicians to know what appropriate tests are needed for patients presenting symptoms suspicious of TB in order to differentially diagnose TB and /or lung cancer.
A Rare Case of Synchronous Gastric Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma Metastasis at the Right Colon Angle
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Mongi Slim University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunisia, Ferjaoui Wael , Lahmer Ahlem ,   Department of Pathology, Mongi Slim University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunisia
Published: September 2022

Although it can affect any part of the gastrointestinal system, signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) is a common malignant entity of stomach cancers. We discuss the case of a patient who had a prior history of gastric adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells, for which he underwent a partial gastrectomy with a gastro-jejunal anastomosis. Four months after surgery, he presented an acute postoperative blockage. Operative findings and pathology exams concluded the presence of SRC at the right angle of the colon. In patients with obstructive symptoms after surgery for SRC neoplasms of the stomach, the possibility of a second lesion should be considered among the differential diagnoses.
Intracranial Bleeding as Primary Manifestation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Case Report
Authors:   National Institute of Locomotor Diseases and Disabilities, Hungary, Zöld Dominique , Végh Judit ,   National Institute of Locomotor Diseases and Disabilities, Hungary
Published: September 2022

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder usually resulting in an increased risk of blood clots in the arterial-, venous-, or microvascular system. Various antibodies have been identified causing the activation and aggregation of thrombocytes and endothelial dysfunction resulting in a wide range of symptoms. Frequent manifestation may be arterial or venous clots in extremities or internal organs, neurological manifestation or pregnancy morbidities. Rarely, APS can manifest in the form of hemorrhage. We discuss the case of a 40-year-old male presenting with a severe headache, fatigue and fever. Head CT confirmed a subdural hematoma. Laboratory findings showed anemia, thrombocytopenia and elongated coagulation times. Immunoserology found the strong presence of lupus anticoagulant, anti-cardiolipin-, and anti-β2glycoprotein-I IgG antibodies confirming the diagnosis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome, specifically LA - hypoprothrombinemia syndrome. Following the administration of high dose glucocorticoids, we chose to give intravenous immunoglobulin followed by rituximab. Although his symptoms regressed and there was no further hemorrhaging, we chose to perform plasmapheresis due to continuously high concentration of anti- phospholipid antibodies to lower the antibody titer, which proved to be effective. Antithrombotic treatment can be challenging in such cases due to the co-occurrence of hypoprothrombinemia and prothrombotic antibodies. We decided to administer low-dose aspirin, with which the patient has no bleeding or blood clots for over 6 years. We find the case worth presenting due to the rare occurance of bleeding as primary manifestation of APS and due to the challenging treatment.
Stressors for Youth during Covid-19: A Narrative Review
Authors:   University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine and Fielding Graduate University, Field Tiffany
Published: September 2022

This narrative review is a summary of published studies and reviews on stressors that youth have experienced during COVID-19. Most of the literature is focused on infection effects on pregnancy, the neonate, children and adolescents as well as Long COVID in youth. Although most youth have not experienced COVID infection or Long COVID, they have had other negative experiences during COVID-19. These have included lockdown school closings and exposure to aggression and violence. Related mental health problems have included loneliness, anxiety and depression, post-traumatic stress and suicidality. These mental health problems have been associated with excessive screen time/social media, inactivity, over-eating/unhealthy diet and sleep disturbances. Limitations of this literature include the typically absent baseline data and the questionable reliability of parents reporting on the activities and feelings of their youth.
Sars-Cov-2 and COVID-19: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects in Pointe-Noire, Republic of the Congo
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien NGOUABI University, BP 69, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo, Anicet Boumba Luc Magloire
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The novel coronavirus also called SARS-COV-2 was declared a global pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. In the Republic of Congo, the first imported case was introduced on March 14, 2020. Pointe-Noire, whose 1st case was reported on March 17, 2020, is described as the second epicenter of the disease after Brazzaville the capital. Objective: In this work, the authors described the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects that contributed to the management of COVID-19 patients in Pointe-Noire. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The situational analysis was based on the situation report (SITREP) n°: 434 including COVID-19 data from the department of Pointe-Noire since the declaration of the first case until June 19, 2021, a period of 15 months. The biological diagnosis was exclusively based on RT-PCR from a nasopharyngeal swab. The extraction was carried out using two processes: filter column extraction and magnetic ball extraction using different kits. Amplification was performed on five types of PCR instruments.
Who’s the Opportunist? CMV Pneumonia in HIV-Infection-Case Report
Authors:   Resident Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Barreiro-Montijo, Ferreira Joana Lopes
Published: September 2022

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a viral infection of the lungs that affects immunocompromised patients. Although it is a rare opportunistic infection in the setting of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)-infection, in most of these patients, CMV pneumonia is believed to be caused by reactivation secondary to severe immunocompromise. In this article we present a case of a patient with poor immunological status that developed clinical features of respiratory infection. Initially pulmonary pneumocystis was diagnosed and treated accordingly. After presenting clinical worsening, other diagnostic hypotheses were placed and broadspectrum antibiotics and antifungal drugs were administered. However, with no clinical improvement. Facing this, a rarer opportunistic infection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia, was considered. The diagnosis of this pathology can be difficult because of its unspecific clinical presentation and radiological findings, however it can be done by detection of positive CMV serostatus together with detection of virus DNA in blood and/ or bronchoalveolar lavage samples. The treatment goal is to stop viral replication, and the first-line therapy is Ganciclovir intravenous (IV).When presenting clinical signs of infection, in HIV positive patients, immunological status should be taken into consideration, and opportunistic infections cannot be overlooked. Early diagnosis allows prompt treatment and potentially complete recovery
ANALYSIS OF CREDIT RISK, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Muhammad Rislanudeen
Published: September 2022

This paper examined the effects of credit risk, intellectual capital as well as credit risk moderated by intellectual capital on financial performance of fifteen listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (DMBs) from 2007 to 2016. Data were sourced from annual reports of banks and Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics and analysed using Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The study finds that credit risk index by loan loss ratio negatively affects financial performance of the sampled banks; while capital employed efficiency, loan loss provision moderated by intellectual capital, capital adequacy ratio, income and diversification have positive relationship with banks’ financial performance. Thus, the study recommends that banks should strengthen their credit risk management culture to ensure prompt repayment of loans. The banks should operate within the required capital adequacy ratio to serve as buffer against loan loss provisions provided by the Central Bank of Nigeria. A strong credit risk management culture should be embedded within intellectual capital structure of banks, where all persons at all levels appreciate and understand the banks’ risk management policies as well as strategies and incorporate same into decision-making and business processes.
REAL-FINANCIAL INTERLINKAGE VIA MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
Authors: Arora Priti
Published: September 2022

The objective of the study is to understand the nature of the interaction between the financial and real sector in the wake of financial sector innovation of mortgage-backed securities and identify characteristics of financial markets responsible for making the real sector more vulnerable to crisis. The vulnerability of the real sector to crisis rises, higher the proportion of asset-backed securities. To explain the chain through which asset-backed securities make an impact on the real sector, we develop a basic theoretical structure using the multiplier effect introduced by Keynes. The analysis constitutes the development of a theoretical framework of interaction between the real and financial sectors.
Efficient Market Testing of the Chinese Stock Market During the COVID-19 Recession
Authors:   The East Asian Trade Association, Sun Chao , Kim Yoonmin
Published: September 2022

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is exploring whether Chinese stock market (SSEC) is effective during the COVID-19 recession. Recent asset market bubbles and bursts have generated interest in the efficiency of stock market behavior. Efficient market hypothesis (EMH) has been challenged by the COVID-19 recession.
Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on Efficient market hypothesis, this research will present results of nonparametric tests employed in an econometric investigation of stock market efficiency in China during COVID-19 recession. To test this hypothesis, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Autocorrelation Function (ACF) test, Runs test, and Variance Ratio Test were used to assess the behavior of the SSEC.
Findings – This paper studies the Chinese stock market’s (SSEC) behavior passed weak form efficient market tests for random walk. According to Variance Ratio Test, a certain group of SSEC investors could experience abnormal returns since there is a possibility that they could know something about a shock that is not already reflected in the stock's price.
Research Implications – In the management of this paper, this study will provide help for stock market investors when investing or provide reference significance for the state to manage the stock market.
Acometimento da Função Ventricular Direita em Pacientes com Esclerose Sistêmica e Doença Pulmonar Intersticial: Avaliação pelo Doppler Tecidual
Authors:   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Tude Rodrigues Ana Clara , U. Kay Fernando ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Roque Marina ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Emerick Henriques Gripp Thais ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Becker Derly ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Arruda Ana Lucia ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, Guido Cerri Giovanni ,   InRad - HC- University of São Paulo, D. Sampaio-Barros Percival ,   Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune tissue connective disease that courses with fibrosis and microvascular dysfunction. Involvement of the visceral organs, including the lungs and heart, is the main cause of death among patients with SSc. In this context, here we analyzed the relationship between right ventricle (RV) parameters assessed by tissue Doppler echocardiography and lung involvement in patients with SSc. Methods: Patients fulfilling the 2013 SSc Classification Criteria underwent tissue Doppler echocardiography for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic function (ejection fraction) and RV fractional area change (FAC), tissue Doppler s’ (systolic) velocity, myocardial performance index, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion for the assessment of RV systolic function. Pulmonary systolic pressure was estimated using tricuspid regurgitation. Chest high-resolution computed tomography was used to evaluate the presence of pulmonary fibrosis. The patients were divided into two subgroups accordingly: Group I, patients with pulmonary fibrosis (n=26); and Group II, those without fibrosis (n=17). Results: Among the 43 patients with SSc, most were female (86%), and the mean age was 51 ± 12 years. All patients had normal systolic ventricular function as evidenced by an LV ejection fraction > 55% and an RV FAC > 35%. No significant intergroup difference was noted in age or disease duration. Except for a decreased tissue Doppler s’ velocity in patients with lung fibrosis, all indexes of RV performance were similar. Conclusion: In patients with SSc and pulmonary fibrosis, tissue Doppler identified early RV longitudinal myocardial involvement despite preserved RV radial systolic performance.
Gender Equality; Lived Experiences of Women in The Media Industry in Tanzania
Authors: Mwananjela Samwel. J.
Published: September 2022

Underrepresentation, inequalities, lack of career advancement, and nonappearance in the decision-making process continue to present obstacles for women in the media industry in Tanzania. This study aimed at exploring and understanding the lived experiences of women in the media industry in Tanzania. This was important given that there is a lack of qualitative research which allows women journalists to recount their situations in their voices and from their perspectives. Methodologically, the study adopted a qualitative approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews which afforded space for a group of four women journalists to tell stories of their lived experiences particularly on decision making, career development, and news production in the media industry. The study discovers that women journalists in Tanzania are affected by the patriarchal system. This continues to influence gender inequalities and limits women’s opportunities for participation in effective media development/production. In conclusion, this study indicates that a patriarchal system that is well established in society and maintained through institutions such as the academy, the church, and the family lead to gender inequalities in the media industry in Tanzania
Results of treatment of olfactory disorders after COVID-19 disease using olfactory training
Authors: Doležal Pavel , Račeková E. , Martončíková Marcela , Skálová M. , Varga Lukáš , Tedla Miroslav , Lukášek P. , Čalkovský Vladimír , Zigo Rastislav , Večeřa J. , Dobrovič Š. , Pniak Tomáš , Sabo M. , Almaši M. , Korch J. , Hriseňko I. , Straka S.
Published: September 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to fi nd out how many patients with an ongoing smell and taste disorder after COVID-19 infection, can improve the subjective perception of smell by olfactory training method. Methods: Patients after COVID-19 (fi rst and second wave of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021) with persisting smell disorder (hyposmia, anosmia, parosmia, fantosmia) with or without taste disorder and while the olfactory disorder did not improve within one month afterrecovery, signed up on the website www.cuch.sk and asked for a testing set (perfumed felt-tip pens) to be sent. After a self-examination at home, each respondent fi lled out an on-line questionnaire and sent it to the Neurobio logical Institute of the BMC SAV. Patient with confi rmed hypo and anosmia underwent an ENT examination at contracted ENT workplaces in Slovakia. All the 117 patients included got through the olfactory training, twice a day, following the instructions. The control examination was performed after three and six months of smell training. Smell and taste status was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) from 1 to 10 in admission and discharge of the study. According to VAS, the average entering olfactory status was 4 and the average taste status reached an average of 2. At admission, 28 patients entering the study suff ered from parosmia, 18 from phantosmia, and 20 from dysgeusia. Results: After the olfactory training, improvement of smell capability was observed in 96 patients, which is 73% from the whole group of patiets (117) with hyposmia and anosmia. The discharge olfactory score after 6 months of olfactory training reached grade 8 according to VAS. Improvement of taste capability was observed in 47 patients, which is 65% from the whole group of patients (72) with hypogeusia and dysgeusia. The discharge taste score after six months of olfacory training reached grade 4 according to VAS. However, various forms of dysgeusia, parosmia, or phantosmia persisted after the olfactory training in 18 patients. Conclusion: Smell (olfactory) training is currently considered the most eff ective rehabilitation method for improving impaired olfactory function after COVID-19 infection. Better subjective results were observed in the restitution of quantitative smell disorder than in quantitative taste disorder. Key words anosmia – hyposmia – COVID-19 – parosmia – phantosmia – hypogeusia – dysgeusia – olfactory training
POTENCIALIDADES E DESAFIOS DE UM ESPAÇO COLETIVO PARA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO FAMILIAR NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: de Oliveira Francisca Suerda Soares , de Moura Joana Tereza Vaz
Published: September 2022

Diante os desafios historicamente observados no meio rural, em especial na agricultura familiar, a construção de mercados para este segmento torna-se fator fundamental e indispensável para seu desenvolvimento. No enfrentamento desses desafios, o cooperativismo e a economia solidária representam uma alternativa capaz de mudar comportamentos, atuar com uma racionalidade própria e condicionar novos hábitos, ações, posturas e regras. No Rio Grande do Norte, em 2008, foi criada a Central de Comercialização da Agricultura Familiar e Economia Solidária (CECAFES), com o objetivo de potencializar o escoamento da produção da agricultura familiar do estado. Considerando a relevância e o ineditismo dessa Central, indaga-se: qual a importância da Cecafes/RN enquanto canal de comercialização para os permissionários(as) – agricultores(as) familiares individuais, associações e cooperativas – que estão no espaço? Portanto, este artigo tem como objetivo principal compreender as potencialidades da Cecafes para a comercialização dos produtos da agricultura familiar e os possíveis desafios. Metodologicamente, este estudo baseou-se em análise documental e bibliográfica, bem como em aplicação de 17 questionários com agricultores familiares individuais e agricultores de cooperativas/associações e uma entrevista semiestruturada com a coordenadora geral da Cecafes/RN. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram que, após o breve período de funcionamento da Central, existe um nível satisfatório de contentamento por parte dos permissionários com os resultados econômicos e imateriais alcançados e com a inserção dos produtos da agricultura familiar em variados canais de comercialização.
Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Diffuse Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Tombak Yasemin , Mirzaoglu Tacettin , Karaahmet Özgür Zeliha , Karaahmet Fatih , Gurcay Eda
Published: September 2022

Giriş: Vitamin D’nin kemik mineralizasyonunun yanı sıra metabolik ve nöromusküler stabiliteyi sağlayıcı etkileri de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki amaç yaygın kas iskelet sistemi ağrısı (YKA) ile başvuran hastalarda vitamin D düzeyini değerlendirmek, eksikliğinde olası etkili faktörleri belirlemekti.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon polikliniğine Ocak 2018 ile Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasında başvuran, kronik bir hastalığı ve sürekli kullandığı bir ilacı olmayan, vitamin D düzeyleri ile kalsiyum, fosfor, alkalen fosfataz ve parathormon takipleri bulunan 241 YKA olan hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların eğitim düzeyi, maddi geliri ve giyim şekli sorgulandı. Giyim şekillerine göre kadın hastalar tüm vücudu güneşe maruz kalabilenler (açık), sadece elleri ve yüzleri güneş görenler (kapalı) olarak ikiye ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Hastaların %87.1’i (210) kadın olup, yaş ortalaması 48±10.7 yıl ve vitamin D düzeyi ortalaması 11.3±6.1 ng/ml idi. Kadın hastalarda erkek hastalara göre (p=0.000) ve kapalı hastalarda açık hastalara göre (p=0.000) vitamin D eksikliğinin daha fazla olduğu görüldü. Mevsimlere göre karşılaştırma yapıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu (p=0.003), bu durumun özellikle yaz mevsimi ile ilkbahar mevsimi arasındaki farktan kaynaklandığı belirlendi.
Sonuç: YKA olan, özellikle kadın ve kapalı giyim tarzı olan hastalarda ve kıştan ilkbahar aylarına geçişlerde Vitamin D eksikliği dikkate alınmalıdır.
Cinematic Modernism and Contemporary Film
Authors: Finn Howard
Published: September 2022

Cinema was the most important new artistic medium of the twentieth century and modernism was the most important new aesthetic movement across the arts in the twentieth century. However, what exactly is the relationship between cinema and modernism?

Cinematic Modernism and Contemporary Film explores how in the early twentieth century cinema came to be seen as one of the new technologies which epitomised modernity and how cinema itself reflected ideas, hopes and fears concerning modern life. Howard Finn examines the emergence of a new ‘international style’ of cinema, combining a poetic aesthetic of the image with genre-based fictional narrative and documentary realism. He provides concise accounts of how theorists such as André Bazin, Siegfried Kracauer, Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Rancière have discussed this cinematic aesthetic, clarifying debates over terms such as ‘realism’, ‘classical’ and ‘avant-garde’ as well as recent controversies over terms such as ‘slow cinema’ and ‘vernacular modernism’. He further argues the influence of modernism through close readings of many contemporary films, including films by Abbas Kiarostami, Béla Tarr, Jia Zhangke, and Angela Schanelec.

Drawing on a broad range of examples, including Soviet montage, Italian neorealism, postwar new waves and the ‘new cinema’ of Taiwan and Iran, this book explores the cultural significance of modernism and its lasting influence over cinema.
Anthropocene Childhoods
Authors: Ashton Emily
Published: September 2022

This open access book brings together the disciplines of childhood studies, literary studies, and the environmental humanities to focus on the figure of the child as it appears in popular culture and theory. Drawing on theoretical works by Clare Colebrook, Naomi Klein, Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour the book offers creative readings of sci-fi novels, short stories and films including Frankenstein, The Road, Handmaid’s Tale, The Girl with All the Gifts and Beasts of the Southern Wild. Emily Ashton raises important questions about the theorization of child development, the ontology of children, racialization and parenting and care, and how those intersect with questions of colonialism, climate, and indigeneity. The book contributes to the growing scholarship within childhood studies that is reconceptualizing the child within the Anthropocene era and argues for child-climate futures that renounce white supremacy and support Black and Indigenous futurities.

The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollection.com. Open access was funded by Knowledge Unlatched.
Bismarck and German Unification
Authors: Hargreaves David
Published: September 2022

This book looks afresh at German unification and the vexed role played by Bismarck. Using exclusively primary source material, it seeks to evaluate more exactly the nature of Bismarck's responsibility in the evolution towards unity, and the role of economic and demographic factors by way of contrast. Beginning with a longer term view of unification between 1815 and 1848, the book seeks to test, and ultimately to challenge, certain key assumptions, by way of a concise but thorough examination of key episodes.
Understanding Poverty
Authors: Alcock Pete
Published: September 2022

Pete Alcock provides a comprehensive introduction to the analysis of poverty and social exclusion covering the definition, measurement, distribution and causes of poverty and the policies developed to combat it. The third edition has been rewritten to include recent developments while maintaining the successful broad approach of earlier editions.
Theatre and Translation
Authors: Laera Margherita
Published: September 2022

This timely new title in the Theatre And series explores theatre and translation's interconnectedness in representing the stories of others. Laera argues that the two practices share fundamental ethical questions which lie at the core of our multicultural societies and can teach us to practice the skills we need to empathise with perspectives and world views distant from our own. Through a wide array of examples from different languages and cultures, Laera makes the case that we should all become more familiar with how translation works and aware of its importance in today's world.

Inspiring and wide-ranging, this book offers a concise but academically rigorous introduction to a complex topic. It is ideal for students of theatre, translation and adaptation.
Why Politics Matters
Authors: Stoker Gerry
Published: September 2022

Achieving mass democracy was the great triumph of the last century. Learning to live with it will be the greatest achievement of this one. Stoker suggests that democracy must create a new politics, making it as easy as possible for as many people to participate. Winner of the Political Studies Association Book of the Year Prize 2006
Feminism and Gender Politics in Mediated Popular Music
Authors: Werner Ann
Published: September 2022

What does it mean, in a polarized political climate, that feminism is popular in mainstream pop? Engaging with feminist theory and previous research about gender and music, this book investigates the meaning of current trends relating to gender, feminism and woman-identified artists in mediated popular music. The examples discussed throughout the book include Beyoncé’s concert documentary Homecoming, the Swedish music industry #MeToo petition signed by 2,192 artists, the television show Star and the functions of a music streaming service. The volume discusses the media specificity of the different examples; introduces and explains feminist theories and concepts; and analyses the position of women, gender equality and feminism in mainstream pop music today.
Research on Effect of Tnsformational Ladership on Inovation Bhavior: Verify the Mderating Efect of Eror Mnagement Clture
Authors:   The Northeast Asian Business and Economic Association (NABEA), Yang Yanlu , Lee Kidong , Wang Yiyuan
Published: September 2022

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is exploring the existing problems of the barrage video website in view of the current situation that the barrage video website has a great impact on people’s video viewing mod.
Design/Methodology/Approach – Ased on marketing, the paper studies the main problems of barrage video website.
Based on the case analysis and the marketing theory of 4C, taking BILIBILI as an example, which is the most popular barrage found four main problems of barrage video website: lacking of humanization in UI design, unreasonable video content, copyright disputes and single income model. Therefore, we make four suggestions.
Findings – This paper studies precision marketing and smart recommendation, creative advertising improves revenue structure, optimizing user experience, resolving copyright disputes.
Research Implications – In the management of this paper, this study has significance in improving the content of barrage video website, spreading positive energy, improving user experience and reducing user cost, which will also provide reference for other scholars’ follow-up research.
Economic imperatives of financialization of agricultural commodity markets
Authors: Hrabynska Iryna , Kosarchyn Mariya , Dąbrowska Anna
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations and economic feasibility of intensifying the processes of financialization of the business model of Ukrainian grain producers, in particular through the formation of the grain futures market and the creation of commodity exchange in Ukraine.
Methodology / approach. In the article, it is clarified the concept of financialization as one of the global trends of economic development that provides deep integration of financial and real economy on macro- and micro levels. Hedge effectiveness of price risks for Ukrainian grain (wheat and corn) using futures contracts traded on CME Group and Euronext is evaluated using regression analysis. Ukrainian wheat and corn FOB price volatility for 2016–2021 marketing years is estimated. The dynamics and volatility of the basis for Ukrainian wheat and corn and respective futures contracts traded on CME Group and Euronext are analyzed.
Results. The analysis of securitization index of global agricultural markets has shown an increase of its financialization rate. The main reasons for this process were the deepening of financial and commodity markets integration, deregulation of financial markets and introduction of new financial instruments. The structure of the grain market in Ukraine is analyzed, particularly the role of agricultural holdings and international companies. The tendencies and determinants of wheat and corn market prices in Ukraine during marketing year are revealed. Regression analysis of hedge effectiveness has shown that all considered futures contracts are suitable for wheat and corn CPT and FOB price hedging in Ukraine. The highest hedge effectiveness was revealed for Black Sea Corn Financially Settled (Platts) Futures) (CME Group) and Milling Wheat / Ble de Meunerie (Euronext Matif). Short hedge efficiency of CME Group futures contracts was supported by analysis of basis dynamics for Ukrainian wheat and corn and respective futures contracts.
Originality / scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of the theoretical foundations of financialization, the positive and negative consequences of the strengthening of financialization of global commodity markets and the peculiarities of the functioning of the modern grain market in Ukraine, the economic imperatives of the development of the Ukrainian market of grain derivatives, as an objectively determined trend of agricultural commodity market, are substantiated. The evaluation of the effectiveness of hedging price risks on the Ukrainian grain markets using derivatives traded on global exchanges has gained further development.
Practical value / implications. It is proposed to intensify market tools usage for risk hedging in Ukraine in order to cover interests of all market participants. Risk management instruments available for Ukrainian agricultural producers are discussed.
Assessment of environment of an area’s social vulnerability: ecological aspect
Authors: Mulska Olha , Vasyltsiv Taras , Levytska Olha , Osinska Oksana , Kunytska-Iliash Marta
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the current research is identification and integral estimation of ecological determinants of forming environment of an area’s social vulnerability (on the example of the oblasts of the Carpathian region of Ukraine).
Methodology / approach. The empirics of environment of the social vulnerability based on the identification of ecological components is carried out by construction of commensurate series of indicators’ values through the normalizing for each group of parameters, in particular, within the selected set of areas (oblasts of the Carpathian region). The construction of time series of significance coefficients (calculation of weight coefficients) stipulates the use of the theory of sensitivity, while the calculation of the integral coefficient of the social vulnerability natural environment requires the multiplicative approach.
Results. The calculated integral coefficients of the natural environment of social vulnerability contributed to determining the living standards of the population of the natural resource sector and showed a significant socio-ecological divergence among the oblasts of the Carpathian region and Ukraine. In 2019, the highest values of integral coefficients of social vulnerability natural environment in the Carpathian region of Ukraine were observed in Ivano-Frankivsk (0.574) and Chernivtsi (0.391) oblasts. Ivano-Frankivsk oblast was the leader in that regard throughout the studied period.
Originality / scientific novelty. The methodological approach for analyzing the social vulnerability of the area has been improved, which, unlike the traditional ones based on determinants of the social, economic, and political environment, provides for a comprehensive analysis of the sensitivity of changes in the social vulnerability of the territory regarding the changes in the natural environment determinants.
Practical value / implications. The paper offers and substantiates a methodological approach to the estimation of ecological determinants as the indicators of an area’s vulnerability growth, which serves as the information-analytical base for the development of the initiative-taking social vulnerability reduction policy.