bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Effect of Blast Chilling and Electrical Stunning on Some Hemolymph Parameters in Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii)
Authors: Atanasoff Alexander , Secer Faik Sertel , Zapryanova Dimitrinka , Urku Cigdem , Cagiltay Ferhat
Published: May 2022

The aim of the present investigation is to compare the effect of standard method and electrical stunning on some hemolymph biochemical parameters in mid-sized Red Swamp Crayfish. The results showed that electrical stunning time of induction was significantly shorter and recovery was longer than chilling stun. Parameters of an electrical field that stuns crayfish beyond the point of recovery without causing damage have been identified. Based on this experiment, it seems that electrical stunning would be preferable to the other method.
Taxonomic Status of the Genus Sabanejewia (Cobitidae) from Kura-Aras River System (Turkey)
Authors: Çiçek Erdogan , Eagderi Soheil , Secer Burak , Sungur Sevil
Published: May 2022

Sabanejewia is a member of the family Cobitidae found in Europe and Asia. In previous studies, S. balcanica, S. caucasica, S. aurata and S. caspia were reported from Turkey. Of these S. aurata and S. caspia were reported from the Kura-Aras Basin. We examined morphological characters and molecular data of the Sabanejewia specimens from Turkish parts of the Kura-Aras river system to determine their taxonomic status. We found no differences between the Kura and Aras rivers’ populations in terms of morphology, but different populations showed a genetic distance of 0.1-1.9%. All the studied populations were identified as S. aurata. In addition, we could not find any evidence for the presence of S. caucasica and S. caspia in Turkey.
A New Concept of Frontal Migration System for Fish ‒ for Overflow Weirs and River Sills
Authors: Voicu Răzvan , Voicu Liliana , Radecki-Pawlik Artur , Bănăduc Doru , Plesiński Karol
Published: May 2022

In this paper we present a new frontal migration system for fish which could be used for overflow weirs and river sills. Since movement of fish is the most crucial thing in the healthy river environment fish passes are necessary to predict in any place where hydraulic structures are designed or any river engineering works are applied in the river channel. Thus in our paper we are giving a proposal of a new fish migration system when any river cross section weirs, sills or other low head hydraulic structures are planned. We hope our system would be built one day proving the advantage of using it.
Feature Selection Method for Ml/Dl Classification of Network Attacks in Digital Forensics
Authors: Grakovski Alexander , Krivchenkov Aleksandr , Misnevs Boriss
Published: May 2022

The research is related to machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) methods for clustering and classification that are compatible with anomaly detection (network attacks detection) in digital forensics. Research is conducted in the field of selecting subsets of features of a dataset useful for constructing a good predictor (classifier). In this study, a new feature selection method for a classifier based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is presented and tested. The proposed step-by-step algorithm for the iterative selection of these features makes it possible to obtain the minimum required list of features that are associated with attack events and can be used to detect them. For the classification, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method is used. The accuracy of attack detection by the proposed method has been verified in numerical experiments.
La carta de Plombières: mitigación de inundaciones en el siglo XIX
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua - IMTA, Courty Laurent
Published: May 2022

Después de las inundaciones de 1856 en Francia, Louis-Napoleón Bonaparte, conocido como Napoleón III, escribe desde la ciudad de Plombières una carta a su ministro de obras públicas mediante la cual definió su política de gestión de inundaciones.
Impact of Economic Decline on Canadian Regional Discontent
Authors: Maddock-Ferrie Blair
Published: May 2022

The discussions of regionalism in Canada often fail to derive constant patterns. The different variables of culture, language, history and long-term disparities all confound what causes regional discontent. To address these problems the Atlantic region and the province of Alberta are compared on a series of factors that examines the role of economic disparity in regional discontent. To determine the strength of the correlation between regional discontent and economic disparity this is contextualized in the large content of other federalist states. The paper determines that regional disparity has a strong correlation to economic factors not just in Canada but globally and that creating economic interdependence on the core can reduce the expression of regional discontent.
Phytochemical Screening and in Vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Euphorbia Lateriflora on Selected Pathogens
Authors: Falana Mansurat B. , Nurudeen Quadri O.
Published: May 2022

Euphorbia lateriflora is a popular traditional medicinal plant whose leaves are used in Africa, especially Nigeria, to treat wounds and many diseases. This study investigated the preliminary phytochemical constituents, secondary metabolites by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography “HPLC” technique, and antimicrobial potentials (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration “MIC”, Minimum Fungicidal Concentration “MFC” and disc diffusion assay) of various concentrations (100 mg/mL, 50 mg/ml, and 25 mg/mL) of the solvents (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) extracts of E. lateriflora against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The phytochemical screening revealed that out of the thirteen constituents screened for, n-hexane extract contained seven components, including flavonoids, coumarin, steroid, glycosides, triterpenes, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In contrast, the ethyl acetate extract contains saponin, flavonoids, coumarin, steroid, glycosides, triterpenes, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The HPLC chromatogram of n-Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of E. lateriflora detected numerous unidentified compounds along with a potential antimicrobial compound identified as caffeic acid. The low MIC (6.25 - 50 mg/mL), shown by the n-hexane extract signified a greater antimicrobial activity than ethyl acetate extract. This was further implicated by the varying concentrations levels, rather than the strain-dependent zone of inhibitions obtained. The highest diameter of zone of inhibition (14.23 mm) was obtained at 100 mg/mL by n-hexane extract against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively, while the lowest zone of inhibition (6.00 mm) was obtained by n-hexane at 25 mg/mL concentrated tested against S. aureus. However, the diameter of the zone of inhibition of Ciprofloxacin (50 mg/mL) ranged between 10-16 mm for E. coli and 6-10 mm for S. aureus. At the same time, 14.00 mm was obtained by itraconazole (antifungal agent) against C. albicans. Thus, this study shows that E. lateriflora harbors active compounds and supports the claim that its extract may be effective against infections caused by the test organisms, as practiced for years among rural dwellers in Nigeria.
Measurements and Calculations of parametrs of Zinc Oxide Plasma Produced by Laser induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Hammoud Fatima K. , Aadim Kadhim A.
Published: May 2022

In this work, the optical emission characteristics of the ZnO plasma were presented. The plasma parameters: electron temperature (Te), electron density( ne), plasma frequency (fp) and Debye length (λD) were  studied with  a spectrometer that collects the spectrum ZnO plasma in air produced by Nd:YAG laser,(λ=1064 nm) at ratio X=0.5 in the range of energy of (700-1000 mJ), duration (10 ns). The Boltzmann plot methodwas employed to calculate the electron temperature (Te), while the Stark broadening  was used to determine the electron density (ne), Debye duration (λD), and plasma frequency (fp).  Te, ne, and fp were found  to increase  with the increase of laser energy.In contrast, (λD) decreased with laser energy increase. The resulting electron temperature calculation value was (1.908-2.084) eV.
Geochemistry of the Middle Eocene Gercus Sandstone, Shaqlawa Area, Northern Iraq: Implications for Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Paleoweathering
Authors: Ali Abbas R. , Mohammad Omar A. M. , Ahmed Mustafa S.
Published: May 2022

The study of the geochemical characterization of sandstone rocks contributes to understand the nature of the source rocks, their tectonic setting and the effects of paleoclimate and paleo-weathering. Accordingly, twenty sandstone samples from the red sandstone units of the Gercus Formation were collected from the northeastern limb of Safin Anticline at Shaqlawa Area – Northern Iraq. The studied sandstone samples show depletion in major, trace elements contents, except for CaO, MgO and Ni, Co and Cr respectively, and general depletion in the rare earth elements (REE) contents. Major element geochemistry indicates that the red bed sandstones of the Gercus Formation are of an oceanic island arc (OIA) tectonic setting. On the other hand, the results revealed that the paleo-weathering of the source area of the Gercus Formation experienced intensive chemical weathering under humid and/or warm climate conditions. The maturity and paleoclimate conclusions of the studied samples suggest a low feldspar content and low values of K2O / Al2O3 ratio, which in turn resulted from the dominance of low grade metamorphic and sedimentary rock types in the source area.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Urban Soils of selected areas in Hilla City, Babylon, Iraq
Authors: Al-Rubaiee Abdul-Kareem H. , Al-Owaidi Mohanad R. A.
Published: May 2022

Modern cities suffer from heavy metal pollution due to urban expansion and population increase. Heavy metals have a great impact on human health. The objective is to determine the contamination level of heavy metals Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Zr and Pb at industrial and residential in Hilla city. The mean concentration of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Zr and Pb enrichment factors of the investigated industrial soils are 3.43, 0.74, 6.45, 3.95, 5.60, 3.44, 1.17 and 11.44, respectively. The means of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Zr and Pb in residential soils are 3.30, 1.09, 11.40, 0.94, 2.08, 5.39, 0.9 and 3.6, respectively. The I-geo mean values of heavy elements in the industrial area may be ordered in the following: Mn> Pb> Ni> Zn> Cu> As> Cr> Zr. While in the residential area ordered Mn> Ni> As>Cr> Pb> Zn> Cu > Zr. Integrated Pollution Load Index categories results showed high contamination in industrial and residential areas. The main sources of heavy elements pollution in the study area  has been regarded as anthropogenic sources.
Detection of some CC Chemokine Ligands in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Bayram Duha Muhanad , Hassan Ghuffran Muhammed , Ali Hayder Zuhair
Published: May 2022

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic parasitic disease found in many provinces of Iraq. The immune system plays a crucial role in the development or healing of lesions through chemotactic cytokine activity. This study was aimed to detect the levels of two chemokine ligands (CCL2 and CCL5) in Iraqi patients suffering from dermal ulcers, caused by cutaneous leishmaniasis. It was measured in pre and post-treatment state of Pentostam (Pentavalent Antimony 100 mg). Blood serum concentrations of CCL2, CCL5 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay among newly infected patients, two-trial treatment patients and three-trial treatment patients, in comparison with the control group. The result indicated a significant difference in CCL5 level for the three groups of CL patients. Whereas the control (p˂0.5), CCL2 level counterparts showed a significant difference only in newly infected and the thee-trial treatment groups. Moreover, there was a significant difference between all CCL5 patient groups, while no observed difference was detected within patient groups of CCL2.Thus altering the chemokine levels before and after treatment gives insights for parasite role in chemokine expression which may help in new therapeutic approaches for dry or wet CL.
A língua pela qual se fala e da qual se fala: uma análise de alguns sentidos de língua em postagens do Linkedin
Authors: Gomes Robert Moura Sena
Published: May 2022

Ao longo dos séculos, as pessoas criaram conhecimentos acerca de diversos aspectos de suas vidas, desde sobrevivência e estilo de vida, até conhecimentos mais abstratos. A Língua, por sua vez, constitui não apenas o caráter de auxiliar na produção desses conhecimentos, mas passa também a ser objeto dessa produção. Nos tempos atuais, as redes sociais funcionam não apenas enquanto espaço digital de interação, mas também como espaço de produção de saberes e conhecimentos sobre a Língua, bem como espaço de perpetuação de determinados saberes em detrimento de outros. Este artigo analisou os sentidos de língua em publicações na rede social Linkedin de modo que pudéssemos observar como as pessoas desta rede produzem sentidos e significados sobre a língua em uma rede social voltada ao ambiente laboral. Pautamo-nos na Linguística Popular, segundo a qual todo conhecimento popular deve ser observado e integrado às análises linguísticas, não mais em caráter eliminatório, mas partindo de uma visão integracionista. Assim, foi possível identificar ainda um sentido de língua fortemente ligado à Gramática Normativa, visão esta que coloca em evidência a língua segundo as normas gramaticais e deixa de lado outras variantes. Além disso, um dos sentidos de língua observados foi o de língua enquanto aspecto importante para a acessibilidade no ambiente laboral.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Impregnated Calcium Hydroxide: An in Vitro Study
Authors:   Peshawar Dental College, Warsak Road, Peshawar, Riaz Zudia , Raza Muhammad , Hanif Amjad , Haider Beenish , Akram Sadia , Safdar Shamayem
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: To compare the in-vitro antibacterial effectiveness in terms of enterococcus faecalis elimination of conventional unmodified calcium hydroxide paste with an experimental calcium hydroxide impregnated with 1% silver nanoparticles. METHODOLOGY: This in vitro study was conducted during the period July 2019 - January 2020 at Materials Research Laboratory, Centralized Resource Laboratory (University of Peshawar) and Pathology Laboratory (Peshawar Medical College). Sixty human premolar teeth having single root with mature apices were obtained. These were distributed into two groups randomly (n=30); experimental group for testing the antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide impregnated with 0.1% by weight silver nanoparticles and the other was used as a control group for testing the antibacterial efficacy of unmodified calcium hydroxide. Dentine specimens (size 4 x 4x 1mm) were prepared from the teeth using slow speed cutting saw machine. Smear layer was removed with EDTA. Specimens were autoclaved to sterilize them. Then each specimen was contaminated with enterococcus faecalis and incubated anaerobically for 24 hours at 37?C. After the application of medicaments, the zone of inhibition was measured and number of viable bacteria were determined using SEM. Statistical significance was calculated using t-test. p<0.05 was taken as significant. RESULTS: After the application of medicament, the zone of inhibition was greater (9.63mm) in experimental group when compared to control group (4mm) (p<0.001). Number of viable bacteria before application of medicament were 239 and 208 while after application of medicament reduced to 90 and 54 in control and experimental groups respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The addition of silver nanoparticles to calcium hydroxide significantly enhanced its potential to eliminate biofilm of enterococcus faecalis on dentin specimens. KEYWORDS: Silver nanoparticles, Calcium hydroxide, Root canal infections, Root canal medicament.
Frequency of Kennedy Classification of Partially Dentate Arches and their Association with different Sociodemographic Factors
Authors:   Shahida Islam Medical & Dental College, Lodhran, Khan Aleshba Saba , Zaigham Abdul Mueed , Tahir Fizza , Ullah Najeeb , Sana Aleeza , Shakoor Asma
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to find frequencies of different Kennedy's classes in partially dentate arches and determine association of tooth loss with Sociodemographic variables. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was done with a sample size of 335 individuals. All individuals were examined using diagnostic kit and data recorded on proforma according to Kuppuswamy's socio-economic scale. RESULTS: Mean age was 46 years with SD ± 1.22 with 189 female and 146 males. Kennedy's class III was most common pattern in both arches. Tooth loss is more in illiterate people showing significant correlation with education in both arches. Low income or unemployment shows significant correlation with tooth loss in maxillary arch. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic status like education, income and occupation has an impact on frequency of tooth loss. KEYWORDS: Partially dentate arch, Sociodemographic factors, Education and tooth loss, Income, occupation and tooth loss
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Infection Control Protocol amongst Dental Professionals – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Dow International Dental College, Dow  University of Health Sciences., Azhar Ramsha , Ahsan Syed Hammad , Rasool Salik , Jamali Shahnawaz , Hussain Bilal
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: The objectives are: (1) to assess and compare the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding infection control protocols and (2) to identify the factor(s) that might influence the implementation of these protocols amongst dental professionals in all three dental campuses of a public sector university, Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the three dental campuses of a public sector university, Karachi, for a period of three months from February to April 2019. The study participants consisted of dental and paradental professionals treating patients. A self-administered, structured, validated questionnaire was distributed among 285 participants, out of which 268 participants correctly filled and submitted back the questionnaire. Frequency distribution and Chi square test were performed. RESULTS: Campus A, covering areas of Mehmoodabad town, Karachi comprising 63 participants; Campus B, covering areas of Saddar town, Karachi comprising 68 participants; and Campus C, covering areas of Gulshan and Johar, Karachi comprising 129 participants, respectively. Statistically significant association was found between eyewear utilization among the designation of the practitioner, dental departments and dental campuses. Correspondingly, significant association was observed between awareness regarding needle stick injury protocol implementation with designation of the practitioner and dental campuses. Likewise, a significant association was found between utilization of rubber dams for maintenance of isolation with the age and designation of the practitioner, dental departments and dental campuses. CONCLUSION: The study highlighted the shortcomings of infection control protocol implementation in three dental campuses of a premier healthcare university of Pakistan. The results of this study may be utilized provincially and nationally for the construction and effective implementation of infection control policies. KEYWORDS: AIDS, Disinfection, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Tuberculosis, Needle stick injury.
Perception of Smile Attractiveness Associated with Buccal Corridor Space Among Orthodontists and Laypersons Visiting de’ Montmorency College of Dentistry in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors:   Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi., Sultan Hareem , Ilyas Muhammad , Shaheen Asmi , Ghani Afsheen
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency based on the acceptance of absent, presence or excessive buccal corridor space that maybe required for a smile to be apprehended as attractive among orthodontists and laypersons visiting de' Montmorency College of Dentistry in Lahore, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross sectional design was conducted to assess the perception of smile attractiveness among orthodontists and laypersons visiting de' Montmorency College of Dentistry in Lahore, Pakistan from July 2019 to January 2020. Both male and female participants with age ranging between 25 - 50 years were included in the study. Each participant was shown 6 digitally altered images of a female patient after which they were asked to rate whether the portrayed smile among the images was acceptable or not. All the collected information was entered and analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software. RESULTS: A combined total of 220 participants (110 Orthodontist and 110 Laypersons) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were registered in this study. Among the orthodontists the mean age was 28.58±5.96 years and for the layperson was 23.38 ± 2.96 years. The mean total score for orthodontists was 33.28±7.08 and for layperson was 33.50±7.29. A statistically insignificant difference was found between the two study groups when stratified according to gender, however a significant difference was seen upon stratifying on acceptance of smile i.e. p-value = < 0.005 CONCLUSION: Both orthodontists and layperson do perceive that the buccal corridor space does have an impact on smile attractiveness and its acceptance. KEYWORDS: Esthetics, Dental*, Orthodontists, Perception, Smiling
Self Medication among Dental Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital, During COVID-19
Authors:   Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad., Malik Numrah Shakeel , Umair Muhammad , Malik Iqraa Shakeel
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate trends in self-medication practices among dental patients during the period of lockdown. Self-medication or using drugs without prescription of a doctor is a common practice round the world since a long time. During lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic all the dental facilities were either closed or were only offering emergency-treatments, therefore lack of services led general population to the practice of self-medication. This should be taken in account for the health and safety of patients. METHODOLOGY: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among the dental OPD patients visiting a tertiary care hospital post COVID-19 lockdown, from 20th September,2020 to 5th December 2020. Sample size was 451 and study participants were selected by convenient sampling technique. RESULTS: A total of 389 out of 451 patients self-medicated (383 females and 68 males). Most common reason was tooth ache (56.8%) followed by sensitivity of teeth (37.5%) and dental trauma (3.8%) was the least common reason. Hence, Pain relievers (68.5%) were used by most of the patients followed by antibiotics (35.5%). Prevalence was higher in patients of low socioeconomic status. Most of the patients thought self-medication practice to be acceptable. CONCLUSION: It was distressing that Self-medication practices among dental patients showed a remarkable increase during period of COVID-19 Pandemic as most of them had practiced self-medication, most commonly for relief from toothache. This issue, being a sensitive one needs to be given required consideration. KEYWORDS: Self-medication, COVID-19, pandemic, Dental OPD, Pain relievers, Tooth ache.
GIS based seismic vulnerability assessment in tourist attractions area: a case study in Bukit Tinggi, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Ramzanee Noh Muhammad M. , Shuib Rambat , Sharmiza Halim Ida A.
Published: May 2022

To decrease the impact of an earthquake, it is critical to analyse the risk by assessing the hazard and vulnerability ahead of time. The goal of this study is to examine the seismic susceptibility of the Bukit Tinggi area and then categorise it based on the degree of risk. Eleven indicators belonging to different group parameters were used in this study. Final seismic vulnerability maps of the Bukit Tinggi area demonstrate a pattern of vulnerability degree with 12% of the area designated as very low vulnerability, 26% as low vulnerability, 35% as moderate vulnerability, 25% as high vulnerability and 7% as very high vulnerability. The findings of this research provide preliminary information on the seismic risk in the study region which may be useful to stakeholders in developing mitigation methods and risk-informed development plans for Bukit Tinggi's community resilience.
Gender-Based Government Program for Tsunami Survivors in Tourism Sector (Case Study: Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Ruslanjari Dina , Apryana Hari , Nugraheni Karina Rahma , Ashar Johan Ali
Published: May 2022

Banten province is categorized as high intensity of disaster. The existence of a patriarchal culture leaves discriminatory behavior for women. The phenomena contribute the gaps in aspects of fulfilling the rights for women's groups. This study aims to analyze and evaluate Government programs for community affected by Sunda Strait tsunami concerning on tourism sector. This research applies descriptive qualitative method. The results of the study show that gender mainstreaming-based programs are urgently needed for policy makers, field assistance, policymakers, the staff of organizations/NGOs and the community. The disaster management program in the aftermath of the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami is less integrated towards gender issue as a component of disaster management program implementation. Gender involvement as the subject of disaster management programs enables to empower and maximize the program.
Land use/Land cover Change Detection Study in Vythiri Taluk, Wayanad District, Kerala using Geospatial Technology
Authors: Vinayan Midhuna , Gurugnanam B. , Bairavi S.
Published: May 2022

Mapping and monitoring the land use/land cover (LU/LC) changes in the Vythiri taluk of Wayanad district are essential for sustainable improvement and management. Remote sensing and GIS technology are used to track the changes in land use/ land cover of Vythiri taluk of Wayanad district for the year 2015–2021. Images from Landsat-8 data were used to generate LU/LC maps. The maximum likelihood supervised classification approach was used to produce the signature class of the important land use/ land cover category. Six major land use/ land cover classes were noticed viz. agricultural land, barren land, built-up area, forest, grassland and water body. The land use/ land cover changes in the results show that built-up area and grassland have increased by 19% (115km2) and 25% (18.1km2), while agricultural land and barren land have decreased by 7% (39.4km2) and 15% (93.3km2) respectively. The area of forest land and water bodies has shown no changes. The overall accuracy of the study is 80%, 83.3% and 83.3% and Kappa Coefficient is 75.8%, 79.5%, 79.2% for the years 2015, 2018 and 2021 respectively. The analyses reveal that land use/ land cover is changed continuously due to population growth, urbanization and natural disasters like flooding and landslides. Google earth images are also used to detect the land cover changes in the study area. The outcome of the study is helpful to policymakers for sustainable land use/land cover management in the Vythiri taluk of Wayanad district, Kerala, South India.
Toodler ISPA in a Brick Environment
Authors: Zaman Kamali , Muhamadiah Muhamadiah , Septiani Winda
Published: May 2022

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ISPA) is still the dominant factor in patient visits to the puskesmas as a primary health care unit. The phenomenon of the incidence of ISPA caused by multiple factors is a challenge for health workers. Environmental factors are often considered elements that do not have a major role in the incidence of ISPA cases. Ironically, environmental factors have also been neglected in the effort to handle ISPA cases. Candirejo village is an area with the economic characteristics of the community as a producer of bricks. This study aims to see the relationship between ISPA with independent variables (dust, occupancy density, house ventilation, lighting and humidity). This research is quantitative with a cross sectional design in order to see the environmental and physical factors of the house on the incidence of ISPA in toddlers. This study took a sample of 100 households with children under five. This research is expected to be a new evidence related to environmental and physical factors of the house on the incidence of ISPA in toddlers. Variables that are significantly related to the incidence of ARI are house ventilation and residential density variables. The study found that humidity as a confounding factor. The results of the analysis obtained that the OR of the house ventilation variable that did not meet the requirements would cause the occurrence of ISPA in children under five at 16 times more risk than the ventilation of the house that met the requirements after controlling for the humidity variable.  It is suggested to the puskesmas through sanitarian staff to carry out Information Communication and Education (KIE) activities about ISPA during the posyandu implementation.
Edukasi Kader Dasawisma (Enggan Vaksinasi) Terkait Pengetahuan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Jakarta Timur
Authors: Situmeang Ayu Magdalena Natalia , Laily Hanifah
Published: May 2022

Vaksinasi merupakan bagian penting dari strategi penanggulangan Covid-19 yang bertujuan untuk memperlambat dan menghentikan laju transmisi/penularan. Salah satu strategi pemerintah untuk menggencarkan vaksinasi di masyarakat adalah melalui kader dasawisma. Namun demikian, meskipun kader dasawisma merupakan andalan pemerintah dalam menyukseskan program vaksinasi Covid-19, berdasarkan data Suku Dinas PPAPP Jakarta Timur masih banyak kader dasawisma Jakarta Timur yang belum bersedia divaksin. Oleh karena itulah dilakukan edukasi kesehatan yang dilakukan secara daring kepada kader dasawisma. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-eksperimental, diadakan pre-test dan post-test, dan menggunakan quota sampling. Berdasarkan output test statistik, diketahui asymp sig = 0,000, yang artinya ada perbedaan nyata pada tingkat pengetahuan kader dasawisma sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi. Dengan demikian, edukasi kesehatan ini dapat dianggap berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan kader dasawisma mengenai vaksinasi Covid-19. Kader dasawisma juga diharapkan dapat menyebarluaskan poster yang berisi informasi kesehatan kepada anggota dan masyarakat sekitar. Kader dasawisma merupakan sasaran yang tepat untuk sesuai dengan tujuan yang ditetapkan, yaitu untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pandangan baru terkait vaksinasi.
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Pajanan Karbon Monoksida (CO) Pada Pedagang Sate di Palembang
Authors: Dini arista putri  , Amrina Rosyada  , Widya Lionita  , Desri Maulina sari  , Fison Hepiman  , Dian Islamiati
Published: May 2022

Kadar polutan dalam udara yang manusia hirup setiap hari akan berdampak terhadap kesehatannya saat ini maupun di masa depan. Risiko pekerjaan sebagai pedagang sate yang terpapar karbon monoksida (CO) dari hasil pembakaran makanan menggunakan arang sering kali tidak disadari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar karbon monoksida terpajan pada pedagang sate yang menggunakan arang di kota Palembang serta menggambarkan besaran risiko tersebut dalam beberapa periode waktu mendatang. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan. Pengukuran CO menggunakan alat Carbon Monoxide Meter. Sampel dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 58 orang. Kriteria pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan arang sebagai bahan bakar dan merupakan pedagang kaki lima. Pajanan karbon monoksida berada pada rentang 12,3 – 163 mg/m3. Nilai intake dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi agen risiko, laju asupan, serta durasi, frekuensi, dan waktu pajanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai intake realtime sebesar 20,62 sedangkan intake lifetime 78,60. Perhitungan RQ realtime menunjukkan bahwa pajanan CO akan berisiko jika terpapar dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun. Namun, ditemukan sebanyak hamper 40 persen responden memiliki risiko berdasarkan nilai RQ realtime dengan durasi pajanan masing-masing responden. Analisis risiko paparan CO pada pedagang sate diprediksi akan terjadi pada waktu pajanan ke-10 tahun yang dipengaruhi oleh waktu pajanan yang bertambah. Untuk mengurangi kadar pajanan CO tersebut, pedagang sate disarankan menggunakan alat pelindung diri seperti masker serta dapat mempertimbangkan untuk menggunakan alat pemanggang makanan tanpa asap/pemanggang listrik.
Produksi ASI Ibu Nifas Pasca Mendengarkan Surat Ar-Rahman
Authors: Nurmisih Nurmisih , Artikasari Lia , Sentosa Dwi Yuliani , Susilawati Enny
Published: May 2022

Pembacaan Al-Qur'an mengandung unsur suara manusia, yang merupakan alat penyembuhan yang luar biasa dan alat yang paling mudah diakses. Ar-Rahman artinya Yang Maha Pemurah. Semua ayat dalam Surah Ar-Rahman memiliki karakter ayat yang pendek sehingga nyaman untuk didengarkan dan dapat memberikan efek relaksasi bagi pendengarnya. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra-eksperimen dengan one group pretest-posttest untuk mengetahui pengaruh mendengarkan surat Ar-Rahman terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu nifas di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari Januari hingga Juli 2019 di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sasaran ibu nifas di Puskesmas Putri Ayu tahun 2019 yang berjumlah 859 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 42 orang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui jumlah produksi ASI pada ibu nifas. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi ASI pada ibu nifas sebelum diberikan surat Ar-Rahman berada pada kategori cukup lancar yaitu sebanyak 24 responden (57,1%) dan sebelum diberikan surat Ar-Rahman dalam kategori lancar yaitu sebesar 37 responden (88,1%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh mendengarkan surat Ar-Rahman terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu nifas di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi tahun 2019 dengan p-value = 0,000. Disarankan agar hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan masukan bagi tenaga kesehatan khususnya bidan agar dapat memberikan inovasi dan intervensi dalam meningkatkan produksi ASI bagi ibu salah satunya dengan menggunakan surat Ar-Rahman.
Kualitas Fisik Air, Kejadian Diare Dengan Stunting Pada Balita di Puskesmas Arso Kota
Authors: Irawan Angki , Hastuty Henny Sesanti Budi
Published: May 2022

Balita yang stunting merupakan hasil dari masalah gizi kronis sebagai akibat dari asupan makan yang kurang, ditambah dengan penyakit infeksi, dan masalah lingkungan. Keadaan lingkungan fisik dan sanitasi di sekitar rumah sangat memengaruhi kesehatan penghuni rumah tersebut termasuk status gizi anak balita Salah satu faktor tidak langsung penyebab stunting adalah water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), yang terdiri dari sumber air minum, kualitas fisik air minum, kepemilikan jamban dan hygiene yaitu kebiasaan cuci tangan. WASH mempengaruhi status gizi stunting pada balita yaitu melalui penyakit infeksi yang dialami. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan kualitas fisik air dan kejadian diare dengan stunting di Puskesmas Arso Kota. Disain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional dengan subyek sebanyak 45 responden. Responden dengan kualitas fisik air yang memenuhi syarat sebanyak 33(73,3%) responden, sedangkan balita yang memiliki riwayat kejadian diare sebanyak 30 (66,7%) responden. Tidak ada hubungan kualitas fisik air dengan stunting (p=0,496). Ada hubungan kejadian diare dengan stunting (p=0,007).
Analisis Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit Infeksi Berbasis Kesehatan Lingkungan Dalam Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Kabupaten X Tahun 2021
Authors: Anshari Luthfil Hadi , Ernawati Ch. Tuty , Putri Ulfah Winanda
Published: May 2022

Upaya penanganan pencegahan dan pembatasan penularan infeksi di Puskesmas saat pandemi Covid-19 penting dilakukan karena banyaknya kegiatan puskesmas melakukan Tes Swab, kegiatan vaksinasi dan kegiatan pelayanan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran pengendalian dan pencegahan penyakit infeksi berbasis Kesehatan lingkungan di puskesmas wilayah kerja dinas kesehatan Kabupaten X. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian metode campuran dengan penentuan informan penelitian kualitatif secara purposive sampling dan  sampel sebanyak 75 responden Hasil penelitian didapatkan, tingkat pengetahuan petugas kesehatan masih kurang  dilihat dari  input:  kebijakan sudah ada berupa SOP, SDM Tim PPI terdiri dari dokter, perawat, dan petugas sanitasi, sarana prasarana sudah tersedia dan dana berasal dari BLUD,  dilihat dari proses : pelaksanaan kebersihan tangan, APD, pengelolaan limbah, pengendalian lingkungan sudah terlaksana, dan ada yang belum sesuai dengan peraturan seperti pemilahan limbah yang masih bercampur, pengangkutan limbah yang terlambat dan juga penyimpanan limbah yang belum menggunakan coldstorage, dan dilihat dari output : pengelolaan limbah medis puskesmas sudah terlaksana dan belum sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Kesimpulan pengelolaan limbah medis belum sesuai Permenkes no 27/2017 dan Permen LHK No 56/2015. Diharapkan kedepannya dapat melakukan koordinasi dan kerjasama dengan lintas sektor terkait dalam mengatasi permasalahan limbah medis dan meningkatkan upaya pengendalian dan pencegahan penyakit infeksi berbasis kesehatan lingkungan.
Perbedaan Efektivitas Penggunaan Jenis Media Edukasi Tentang Anemia Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap, Efikasi Diri Remaja Putri Desa Sirnagalih
Authors: Amperatmoko Alifah Safira , Apriningsih Apriningsih , Makkiyah Feda Anisah , Wahyuningtyas Widayani
Published: May 2022

Upaya pencegahan anemia pada remaja putri menjadi sangat penting untuk mencegah resiko abortus, melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir rendah, rahim tidak dapat berkontraksi dengan baik, perdarahan setelah persalinan yang berakibat dengan kematian. Salah satu upaya pencegahan anemia dalam bidang promosi kesehatan yaitu dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran sebagai bentuk kegiatan edukasi tentang anemia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas penggunaan jenis media edukasi tentang anemia terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, efikasi diri remaja putri desa Sirnagalih. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimen – non equivalent control desain. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pretest dan posttest. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji Wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian setelah dilakukan edukasi kesehatan terdapat adanya perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan efikasi diri remaja tentang anemia (p<0.005). Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan media video lebih efektif untuk digunakan sebagai media edukasi tentang anemia kepada remaja putri karena berdasarkan uji statistik didapatkan nilai rata-rata media video lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai rata-rata media poster.
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Masyarakat dalam Penggunaan Obat Golongan Antibiotik
Authors: Hidayat Andi Irdam , Majid Ruslan , Asriati Asriati
Published: May 2022

Salah satu penyakit yang menjadi masalah di negara berkembang adalah penyakit infeksi. Seiring dengan hal tersebut penggunaan antibiotik tidak dapat dihindarkan sebagai obat yang penting dalam pengobatan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Disisi lain penggunaaan antibiotik yang tanpa disertai dengan resep dokter dapat memicu terjadinya resistensi antibiotik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu edukasi dan optimalisasi kemampuan masyarakat berkaitan dengan teknik penggunaan obat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan dengan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat golongan antibiotik di Kecamatan Poleang Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Dengan demikian, masyarakat  perlu  memahami  bahwa dalam  pelayanan  kesehatan,  antibiotik  harus digunakan secara   tepat   dan   rasional,   agar mencapai efek pengobatan yang efektif. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Poleang Utara selama dua bulan, yakni mulai bulan Januari 2021 sampai Februari 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan desain studi one group pre-test/post test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat golongan antibiotik di Kecamatan Poleang Utara Kabupaten Bombana p-value = 1,000, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat golongan antibiotik di Kecamatan Poleang Utara Kabupaten Bombana p-value = 0,000, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pekerjaan terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat golongan antibiotik di Kecamatan Poleang Utara Kabupaten Bombana p-value = 0,218, ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat golongan antibiotik di Kecamatan Poleang Utara Kabupaten Bombana p-value = 0,000
Determinan Kejadian Stroke Iskemik Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau Tahun 2019
Authors: Aditya Prayoga  , Rasyid Zulmeliza
Published: May 2022

Stroke iskemik merupakan kejadian tersumbatnya aliran darah ke otak yang terhenti karena aterosklerosis atau bekuan darah yang menyumbat suatu pembuluh darah. Pada stroke iskemik, penyumbatan terjadi di sepanjang jalur pembuluh darah arteri yang menuju ke arah otak. Di RSUD Petala Bumi kasus stroke khususnya iskemik dari tahun 2018 hingga 2019 terjadi peningkatan kasus hingga 2 kali lipat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor risiko dari kejadian stroke iskemik pasien rawat inap di RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau Tahun 2019. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan disan case control. Lokasi Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau dengan menelaah data rekam medis pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2020. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 70 kasus dan 70 kontrol. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah quota sampling. Metode analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat, menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke iskemik yaitu untuk tekanan darah p-value=0,002 (OR=3,052 CI 95% 1,532-6,082), gula darah p-value=0,017 (OR=2,411 CI 95% 1,218-4,772), kolestrol total p-value=0,007 (OR=2,700 CI 95% 1,363-5,350) dan obesitas p-value=0,017 (OR=2,427 CI 95% 1,223-4,816). Disarankan untuk petugas/dokter memberikan informasi mengenai gaya hidup sehat seperti mengatur pola makan dan aktivitas fisik secara teratur.
Relationship of Food Acceptance With Energy And Protein Consumption Levels of Santriwati
Authors: Atasasih Hesti , Aziz Alkausyari
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Adolescent nutritional intake needs considered, especially those school in boarding, so that it can affect their food intake. Research objective was to determine relationship between food acceptance and level of energy and protein consumption of students. This study used a cross sectional study with quantitative approach. Population and research sample were students of VII and VIII grade Ummahatul Mukminin Islamic boarding school. Data were processed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows. Results showed the students acceptance of food served was in moderate category, the average energy requirement students was 1754.58 kcal/day, while protein needs of 51.79 g/day, most of the energy and protein consumption levels of students were in normal category, All of the students energy and protein availability in normal category, students consumption level of energy and protein needs in weight deficit category, level availability of santriwati's energy and protein needs in deficit category. The conclusion of study is a significant relationship between food acceptance and level of energy and protein consumption students.

 

Keywords : Acceptability, Level of Energy and Protein Consumption, Santriwati
Do Chimpanzees Predict Others’ Behavior by Simulating Their Beliefs?
Authors: Lurz Robert W. , Krachun Carla , Mareno Mary C. , Hopkins William D.
Published: May 2022

Recent studies have shown that great apes predict that other agents will search for objects of interest where the agents believe the objects are hidden. Little is understood about the cognitive process that apes undergo to make such predictions. According to prevailing models, great apes make such predictions by metarepresenting others’ beliefs or perceptual states. We investigated the simpler simulation model. In this model, apes predict where other agents will search for objects of interest by simulating believing what another agent believes about the location of the object. The simulation model predicts that simulating what another believes should manifest in altercentric biasing effects, such as behaving as if one shares another’s belief in cases where the other’s belief is false. We tested this by giving chimpanzees a novel search paradigm embedded in a change-of-location false-belief test and measured where they searched for a grape that they witnessed moved from its original location to a new location. In true-belief trials, chimpanzees were presented with an agent who knew (as they did) that the grape was hidden in the new location; in false-belief trials, the agent falsely believed the grape was still hidden in the original location while the chimpanzee knew it was hidden in the new location. As predicted by the simulation model, chimpanzees searched for the grape closer to its original location than to its new location in significantly more false-belief trials than true-belief trials. Results suggest that chimpanzees show a signature altercentric biasing effect of simulating believing what others believe and may use simulation, rather than metarepresentation, to predict where others will search for objects of interest.
Two Types of Withdraw-to-Eat Movement Related to Food Size in Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis): Insights into the Evolution of the Visual Control of Hand Shaping in Anthropoid Primates
Authors: Hirsche Laurie A. , Cenni Camilla , Leca Jean-Baptiste , Wishaw Ian Q.
Published: May 2022

The details of the evolutionary steps in the transition from nonvisual guidance of hand movements for feeding, as displayed by many non-primate species, to visual guidance of hand movements in primates are sparse. Contemporary theory holds that a small-bodied stem primate evolved visual control of the reach to guide a hand to obtain small insects and fruit items from the terminal branches of trees. The subsequent evolution of the visual control of hand and finger shaping movements of the grasp of anthropoids is uncertain. The present study finds that Balinese long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), video recorded while spontaneously eating at the Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary in Ubud in Indonesia, displayed two types of hand movements associated with two types of withdraw movements to place food items in the mouth. Small food items were brought directly to the mouth with hand supination, often with no visual monitoring after grasping. Large food items that protruded from the hand were visually monitored to orient the food item on the initial part of the withdraw but visually disengaged with a head movement and often a blink before the item was placed in the mouth. The results are discussed in relation to the idea that visual information related to orientating food items of varying sizes to an appropriate position in the mouth contributed to the evolution of the visual control of hand shaping skills in anthropoid primates.