bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indirect Effect of Hopelessness on Depression Symptoms Through Perceived Burdensomeness
Authors: Nalipay Ma. Jenina N. , Ku Lisbeth
Published: July 2018

Hopelessness theory of depression posits that hopelessness due to negative inferences may serve as a proximal and sufficient cause of depression, while interpersonal theories suggest that interpersonal stress resulting from relationship problems and social rejection may lead to symptoms of depression. We propose that the two perspectives can be integrated by examining a model in which hopelessness predicts depression symptoms through two specific interpersonal stress constructs, thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, in a sample of university students from Macau ( N = 350). Results of mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of hopelessness on depression symptoms through perceived burdensomeness (indirect effect = .45; 95% confidence interval = .28 to .65), but not thwarted belongingness (indirect effect = .06; 95% confidence interval = −.05 to .18). Alternative models were also tested. When each interpersonal construct was treated as a separate mediator without controlling for the other, significant indirect effects of both perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were found. Moreover, when hopelessness was assigned as the mediator and interpersonal constructs as independent variables, significant indirect effects were likewise found for perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Findings suggest that the two different yet compatible views about depression—hopelessness and interpersonal theories—may be integrated to provide a better understanding of the process of how depression symptoms occur. It also reinforces the importance of considering interpersonal factors in the study of depression, especially in societies where interpersonal relationships are highly valued.
The impact of emotions on romantic judgments: Sequential effects in a speed-dating study
Authors: Sels Laura , Ceulemans Eva , Pe Madeline , Kuppens Peter
Published: July 2018

How do our feelings impact the romantic judgments and decisions we make? In a speed-dating context, where people have to judge potential romantic partners sequentially, we investigated whether and how participants’ prior affective state guided romantic desire toward and actual choice for an interaction partner. We found evidence for contrast effects, meaning that romantic judgments contrasted with the affective states participants were in at the start of a new interaction. The more positive (excited, interested, or happy) participants felt after one interaction partner, the less attracted they were toward a new interaction partner, and the more negative they felt (irritated or bored), the more attracted they were. The effect of negative emotions (NEs) was primarily visible in men, for whom more prior NEs even increased the chance of choosing an interaction partner at the end of the evening. The effect of positive emotions (PEs), however, had faded away when people chose their date at the end. Additional analyses revealed that specific emotions showed differential effects on romantic desire and actual choice and that contrast effects were mediated but not fully explained (at least in the case of PEs) by desire toward the previous interaction partner.
Climate and size correction in European Union’s Waste Framework Directive and R1 energy efficiency criteria
Authors: Hoque Kazi Mohammed Rayatul , Ozansoy Cagil , Fahrioglu Murat
Published: July 2018

This article presents an analysis on the use of the R1 formula to determine the recovery status of some energy from waste plants. Detailed R1 computations are provided to demonstrate the application of R1 guidelines in incineration and gasification facilities. Climate and size correction methods are proposed in consideration of the disadvantage faced by smaller-sized energy from waste plants or those located in warmer regions in meeting the set threshold. A key highlight is the case-based application of climate and size correction factors to three case study plants in scaling the R1 value in consideration of external variants. The proposed size and climate correction factors are compared with the climate correction factor defined in the Waste Framework Directive of the European Union. The application of the proposed correction factors lead to conservative R1 scaling when compared with the application of the Waste Framework Directive climate correction factor. The introduction of the size correction factor addresses an important gap in the current Waste Framework Directive.
Differing times and differing measures: Dimensions of historical time in Vygotsky’s work
Authors: Doria Nilson G. , Simão Lívia M.
Published: July 2018

The historicity of psychological phenomena plays a key role in Vygotsky’s developmental theory. However, we rarely realize what historicity means to Vygotsky, and what implications the notions about the nature of historical change bring to his theory. We suggest, based on dialogue with authors from the social sciences, that Vygotsky worked with different notions of the nature of historical changes in each developmental plane (phylogenetic, ontogenetic, and historical-cultural). Our investigation on this topic showed that, for Vygotsky, each timescale studied behaved differently: for instance, teleological in civilizational scale, semi-open in ontogenetic time. Due to the great influence exerted by the author’s work on the fields of developmental and cultural psychology, we understand that this kind of investigation can be useful to clarify and enrich both scholarly knowledge about his works and contemporary claims about the role of historical change on the developmental processes in psychology.
A comparative study of radiocarbon dating on terrestrial organisms and fish from Qinghai Lake in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: ChongYi E , Sun YongJuan , Liu XiangJun , Hou Guangliang , Lv ShunChang , Yuan Jie , Sun Manping
Published: July 2018

Qinghai Lake is the largest lake on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and in China and has been a focus of paleoenvironmental and climatic research for decades. However, limited understanding of lake 14C reservoir effects (LRE) has led to inconsistent interpretations among proxies of different sediment cores. As such, the onset of LRE variability during the Holocene is still unclear. 14C dating of archeological samples from four locations (Gangcha, Shaliuheqiaoxi, and Shinaihai sites, and Niaodao section) including naked carp ( Gymnocypris przewalskii, Kessler) fish bones, animal bones and teeth, and charcoal was employed to estimate variations in LRE over the last few thousand years. LRE offsets calculated as the difference between LRE of animal bones and fish bones are more reliable than that of charcoal and fish bones due to the ‘old wood’ effect in charcoal. LRE offsets recorded in fish bones were ~0.5, ~0.6, and ~0.7 ka during the periods of 3.0–3.4 cal ka BP, 0.58–0.60 cal ka BP, and modern lake times, respectively, which may indicate a temporal minimum LRE offset. Unlike the wide spatial variations of LRE ages obtained from surface total organic carbon (TOC) samples of the modern Qinghai Lake, LRE offsets from the three contemporaneous locations in Qinghai Lake were all ~0.5 ka, suggesting efficient carbon mixing occurred in naked carp. However, the late-Holocene (~3.1 ka BP) LRE increased slightly with increasing salinity and decreasing lake level.
Analysis of conversion of Alzheimer’s disease using a multi-state Markov model
Authors: Zhang Liangliang , Lim Chae Young , Maiti Tapabrata , Li Yingjie , Choi Jongeun , Bozoki Andrea , Zhu David C. ,   for the Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics of the Ministry of Education (KLAS),   and for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2018

With rapid aging of world population, Alzheimer’s disease is becoming a leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nearly 10% of people who are over 65 years old are affected by Alzheimer’s disease. The causes have been studied intensively, but no definitive answer has been found. Genetic predisposition, abnormal protein deposits in brain, and environmental factors are suspected to play a role in the development of this disease. In this paper, we model progression of Alzheimer’s disease using a multi-state Markov model to investigate the significance of known risk factors such as age, apolipoprotein E4, and some brain structural volumetric variables from magnetic resonance imaging scans (e.g., hippocampus, etc.) while predicting transitions between different clinical diagnosis states. With the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data, we found that the model with age is not significant (p = 0.1733) according to the likelihood ratio test, but the apolipoprotein E4 is a significant risk factor, and the examination of apolipoprotein E4-by-sex interaction suggests that the apolipoprotein E4 link to Alzheimer’s disease is stronger in women. Given the estimated transition probabilities, the prediction accuracy is as high as 0.7849.
Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Business Survival during Recession: Evidence from a Local Economy
Authors: Irastorza Nahikari , Peña-Legazkue Iñaki
Published: July 2018

Empirical evidence suggests that immigrants appear to be more entrepreneurially active than native people. While the formation of new firms by immigrants has been widely studied, the literature about the performance of these new ventures created by immigrants after their inception remains scarce and anecdotal. This study sheds light on firm-internal and firm-external factors that affect the life expectancy of new firms created by immigrants within a local economy during a period of recession, when the creation of firms is particularly important. The results show that immigrant entrepreneurs are more likely to quit their businesses earlier than their native counterparts. We argue that this may be partially explained by the liability of foreignness faced by immigrants.
A Study of Consumer Behaviour towards Genetically Modified Foods and the Moderating Effects of Health Consciousness
Authors: Singhal Neha
Published: July 2018

With growing environmentalism and health concerns, people have become more conscious of the types of food they consume and the way they are processed. The principle of the present research paper is to explore the behaviour of consumers towards genetically modified (GM) foods and the moderating role of health consciousness. The rationale behind the present study is to address the gap in the past research work wherein most of the researchers have emphasized on major factors that influence consumption of GM foods such as product acceptance, information, higher income and ethical consumption.

Findings

This paper explores the effect of consumer’s health consciousness on their GM food purchase. The key purpose of the study is to explore the influence of health consciousness of consumers in moderating consumer attitude towards their behaviour in context of GM food products. The results suggest that information provided by the government and the trusted regulatory help consumers to form positive attitude towards GM foods.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that the marketer should revolve advertisement and marketing strategies around the issues pertaining consumer’s health consciousness. Moreover, government and other trusted regulatory must ensure consumers that GM food are healthy and superior to conventional food.

Originality/value

This is one of the primary studies to examine the moderating effect of a health consciousness that bears on GM foods. Its empirical findings are projected to benefit the sustained expansion of GM foods.
Posterior keratoconus—clinical aspects and anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings: A case report
Authors: Vargas Veronica , Alió Jorge
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

To describe a case of Posterior Keratoconus (keratoconus posticus); its clinical condition, corneal, refractive response to intracorneal ring implantation (MyoRing), anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings; and micro incisional cataract surgery outcome.

Methods:

Case report.

Results:

The case was studied with high resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), epithelium OCT, corneal topography, and aberrometry. A MyoRing was implanted and after the development of cataract, microincisional cataract surgery was performed. A large hyperopic shift was observed following the ring implantation. Calculation of the intraocular lens showed poor predictability.

Conclusions:

Posterior keratoconus is a rare corneal congenital disorder characterized by a posterior corneal elevation. Surprisingly, on the total corneal aberrometry, the coma is within normal levels; in the anterior and posterior corneal aberrometry, all the low order and high order aberrations are outside of normal parameters. The epithelial thickness is normal on the contrary to anterior keratoconus. Micro incisional cataract surgery can be safely performed in these eyes, although a refractive surprise is expected due to errors in the intraocular lens calculation.
Development and experimental validation of a real-time capable field programmable gate array–based gas exchange model for negative valve overlap
Authors: Gordon David , Wouters Christian , Wick Maximilian , Xia Feihong , Lehrheuer Bastian , Andert Jakob , Koch Charles R , Pischinger Stefan
Published: July 2018

Homogeneous charge compression ignition has the potential to significantly reduce NO x emissions, while maintaining a high fuel efficiency. Homogeneous charge compression ignition is characterized by compression-induced autoignition of a lean homogeneous air–fuel mixture. Combustion timing is highly dependent on the in-cylinder state including pressure, temperature and trapped mass. To control homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion, it is necessary to have an accurate representation of the gas exchange process. Currently, microprocessor-based engine control units require that the gas exchange process is linearized around a desired operating point to simplify the model for real-time implementation. This reduces the models’ ability to handle disturbances and limits the flexibility of the model. However, using a field programmable gate array, a detailed simulation of the physical gas exchange process can be implemented in real time. This paper outlines the process of converting physical governing equations to an offline zero-dimensional gas exchange model. The process used to convert this model to a field programmable gate array capable model is described. This model is experimentally validated using a single cylinder research engine with electromagnetic valves to record real-time field programmable gate array gas exchange results and comparing to the offline zero-dimensional physical model. The field programmable gate array model is able to accurately calculate the cylinder temperature and cylinder mass at 0.1 °CA intervals during the gas exchange process for a range of negative valve overlaps, boost conditions and engine speeds making the model useful for future real-time control applications.
Young adults’ experiences regarding mobile phone use in relation to older persons: Implications for care
Authors: Roos Vera , Robertson Celesté
Published: July 2018

This article explores the relational experiences of young Setswana-speaking adults in South Africa in relation to older persons’ use of mobile phones and highlights implications for older adults’ care. Research was conducted qualitatively with 14 (9 women and 5 men) young Setswana-speaking adults (19 to 25 years of age) participating in the Mmogo-method®. Findings revealed older persons’ needs for mediation from young adults in order to use mobile phones and to contact people. Young adults provided instrumental support for older persons in relation to mobile phone usage but the subjective impact of these interactions determined the nature of relational interactions both for young adults and older persons. Focusing on the young adults, if a negative impact had been experienced, they ignored older persons' care needs or retaliated. In contrast, if the impact had been pleasant, young adults provided assistance unconditionally. A significant implication of the findings is that relational dynamics in moving for control in intergenerational relations involving mobile phone usage challenged the traditional complementarily-defined relationship of older persons leading and young adults assuming a submissive position. Consequently, a constant struggle for control between older persons and young adults around mobile phones interfered with assistance that might have been provided for older persons. Subjective experiences of relational interactions either led to a delay in care for older persons or increased the probability of providing care. Implications for social work practice and the training of social work students are discussed.
A new approach for the fracture grouting pressure in soil mass
Authors: Wang Zhi-bin , Zou Jin-feng , Yang Hai
Published: July 2018

This study focuses on analytical solutions of the fracture grouting pressure. Based on the cavity expansion and fracture grouting mechanism, the small deformation in the elastic zone, large deformation in the plastic zone, and non-associated flow rules are assumed. The solutions of the fracture grouting pressure based on the Unified Strength failure criterion, spatial mobilized plane criterion, Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, and modified Cambridge model (MMC) are proposed for the large-deformation and small-deformation assumptions, respectively. A parameter analysis was conducted to analyze the differences between large-deformation and small-deformation theories. A comparison of the local test data with theoretical results reveals that the Cambridge model is more suitable for weakly consolidated soil and that the Mohr–Coulomb theory is suitable for over-consolidated soil. For all yield criteria in the study, the analysis indicates that the large-deformation theory has more reliable results than the small-deformation theory. The results in this study can direct the design and operation of fracture grouting.
The case for catheter-directed thrombolysis in selected patients with acute proximal deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Chiasakul Thita , Cuker Adam
Published: July 2018

This article has a companion Counterpoint by Poston and Garcia.
The case against catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Poston Jacqueline N. , Garcia David A.
Published: July 2018

This article has a companion Point by Chiasakul and Cuker.
Gene therapy in hemophilia A: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Machin Nicoletta , Ragni Margaret V. , Smith Kenneth J.
Published: July 2018

Key Points

Gene therapy is cost-effective in severe hemophilia A compared with standard factor VIII prophylaxis. Over a 10-year time horizon, gene therapy cost $1M and resulted in 8.33 QALYs gained, whereas prophylaxis cost $1.7M and resulted in 6.62 QALYs gained.
Should First-Price Auctions Be Transparent?
Authors: Bergemann Dirk , Hörner Johannes
Published: July 2018

We investigate the role of market transparency in repeated first-price auctions. We consider a setting with independent private and persistent values. We analyze three distinct disclosure regimes regarding the bid and award history. In the minimal disclosure regime, each bidder only learns privately whether he won or lost the auction. In equilibrium, the allocation is efficient, and the minimal disclosure regime does not give rise to pooling equilibria. In contrast, in disclosure settings where either all or only the winner’s bids are public, an inefficient pooling equilibrium with low revenues exists. (JEL D44, D82, D83)
Coregulation of alternative splicing by hnRNPM and ESRP1 during EMT
Authors: Harvey Samuel E. , Xu Yilin , Lin Xiaodan , Gao Xin D. , Qiu Yushan , Ahn Jaegyoon , Xiao Xinshu , Cheng Chonghui
Published: July 2018

The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental developmental process that is abnormally activated in cancer metastasis. Dynamic changes in alternative splicing occur during EMT. ESRP1 and hnRNPM are splicing regulators that promote an epithelial splicing program and a mesenchymal splicing program, respectively. The functional relationships between these splicing factors in the genome scale remain elusive. Comparing alternative splicing targets of hnRNPM and ESRP1 revealed that they coregulate a set of cassette exon events, with the majority showing discordant splicing regulation. Discordant splicing events regulated by hnRNPM show a positive correlation with splicing during EMT; however, concordant events do not, indicating the role of hnRNPM in regulating alternative splicing during EMT is more complex than previously understood. Motif enrichment analysis near hnRNPM–ESRP1 coregulated exons identifies guanine–uridine rich motifs downstream from hnRNPM-repressed and ESRP1-enhanced exons, supporting a general model of competitive binding to these cis-elements to antagonize alternative splicing. The set of coregulated exons are enriched in genes associated with cell migration and cytoskeletal reorganization, which are pathways associated with EMT. Splicing levels of coregulated exons are associated with breast cancer patient survival and correlate with gene sets involved in EMT and breast cancer subtyping. This study identifies complex modes of interaction between hnRNPM and ESRP1 in regulation of splicing in disease-relevant contexts.
Doing the rounds: visiting and exhibiting at trade shows
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: July 2018

There are a number of exhibitions serving the care home sector. Visiting or exhibiting can be a valuable and informative experience, but planning is key. Adam Bernstein tells more about preparations to be made before and evaluations to be done after the show.
Driving improvement in care provision: nine case studies
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: July 2018

A negative review or even enforcement action from the Care Quality Commission (CQC) does not necessarily mean that a home is destined for closure. Helena Frankova discusses homes that have improved their ratings quickly and efficiently.
New Drugs Approved by the FDA; Agents Pending FDA Approval; Supplemental Applications Filed by Manufacturer; Significant Labeling Changes
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: July 2018

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, indications, dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information; however, if there are any questions, let us know at hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Patient with Terbinafine-Induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Followed by Thalidomide-Induced Orofacial Neuropathy; Beta Blocker Use, Hypertension, and the Risk of Psoriasis; Eczematous Reaction to Intravenous Immunoglobulin; Nicolau Syndrome after Intra-Articular Glucocorticoid Injection; Troponin Leak Associated with Drug-Induced Methemoglobinemia
Authors: Mancano Michael A.
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers. Write to Dr. Mancano at ISMP, 200 Lakeside Drive, Suite 200, Horsham, PA 19044 (phone: 215-707-4936; e-mail: mmancano@temple.edu ). Your report will be published anonymously unless otherwise requested. This feature is provided by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) in cooperation with the FDA's MedWatch program and Temple University School of Pharmacy. ISMP is an FDA MedWatch partner.
Tech Trends We Are Watching in 2015: Health Information Technology Developments
Authors: Fox Brent I. , Felkey Bill G.
Published: July 2018

As a new year begins, we look ahead to several important topics that we will closely follow over the next 12 months. The list is certainly not exhaustive, but we believe these topics should be on all hospital pharmacy staff members’ radar screens.
Quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of short-term changes in tumor oxygenation after radiation in a matched model of radiation resistance
Authors: Diaz Paola Monterroso , Jenkins Samir V. , Alhallak Kinan , Semeniak Daria , Griffin Robert J. , Dings Ruud P. M. , Rajaram Narasimhan
Published: July 2018

There is a critical need to identify patients with radiation-resistant tumors early after treatment commencement. In this study, we use diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to investigate changes in vascular oxygenation and total hemoglobin concentration in A549 radiation-sensitive and resistant tumors treated with a clinically relevant dose fraction of 2 Gy. DRS spectra were acquired before, immediately after, 24, and 48 hours after radiation. Our data reveals a significantly higher reoxygenation (sO2) in the radiation-resistant tumors 24 and 48h after treatment, and provides promising evidence that DRS can discern between the reoxygenation trends of radiation-sensitive and resistant tumors.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Heart Failure: Review of Prevalence, Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, and Prognosis
Authors: Khattak Himad K. , Hayat Faisal , Pamboukian Salpy V. , Hahn Harvey S. , Schwartz Brian P. , Stein Phyllis K.
Published: July 2018

Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder that has a major impact on cardiovascular function. It has been associated with hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure. This review focuses on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure with either reduced or preserved ejection fraction. We discuss the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea, as well as its prevalence, treatment outcomes with continuous positive airway pressure, and prognosis in these 2 distinct types of heart failure. We also identify areas in which further work is needed to improve our understanding of this association in heart failure patients.
Was bewirkt der Einsatz von Spielfilmen im Fremdsprachenunterricht? Die empirische Forschung im Überblick
Authors: Burger Günter
Published: July 2018

Dieser Beitrag referiert die Befunde von quantitativen und qualitativen empirischen Studien zum Einsatz von Spielfilmen im Fremdsprachenunterricht. Er basiert auf der Durchsicht von über 160 Arbeiten, die von 1986 bis 2017 publiziert wurden und in denen z. B. untersucht wurde, ob sich die Verwendung von Spielfilmen (ganz oder ausschnittweise) positiv auf die Motivation, die interkulturellen Kompetenzen, den Wortschatz oder das Hörverstehen der Lernenden auswirkt. Die meisten Studien kommen zu dem Ergebnis, dass Spielfilme sehr effektive Lehr- und Lernressourcen sind. Der Artikel macht auch einige Vorschläge für weitere Forschungen zur Verwendung von Spielfilmen, insbesondere für den DaF-Bereich.
The Luwian word for ‘place’ and its cognates
Authors: Yakubovich Ilya
Published: July 2018

Contrary to the common assumption, the Luwian word for ‘place’, hidden under the logogram  in Anatolian hieroglyphic transmission, is genetically unrelated to Hittite pēda- (n.) ‘place’. Based on synchronic combinatory evidence, it can be assigned the phonological interpretation /allV(n)t-/ (n.). Its closest demonstrable cognates are Kizzuwatna Luwian /arlanuwa-i/ ‘to replace, relocate’ and Lydian arlil(i)- ‘belonging to the homestead, household’, which suggests the reconstruction of *arl(a)- ‘place’ at an earlier stage of the Luwian language. The Luwian and Lydian words treated in this paper are likely to be ultimately derived from the Anatolian verbal root ‘to stand’ (cf. Hittite artari ‘stands’). The original meaning of Hittite pēda- was possibly ‘plain’. An additional result of this article consists in the improved understanding of several Luwian and Lydian passages.
Zum Beginn der YALBURT-Inschrift
Authors: Schürr Diether
Published: July 2018

Verfochten werden eine andere syntaktische Zuordnung von Theonym + wa/i-sa-ti und die Annahme, das /mōwa-/ auch hier und in den Hartapus-Inschriften etwa ‚starken‘ bedeutet. Die Blocke 1, 16 und 10 bildeten zusammen die rechte Halfte der Sudseite, so das die in das Becken hinabfuhrenden Stufen ursprunglich in der Mitte angebracht gewesen sein mussen
An alphabetic parallel for Mycenaean ma-ka
Authors: Pierini Rachele
Published: July 2018

The Mycenaean term ma-ka is recorded on tablets from Thebes, mostly belonging to the Fq series. Even though its interpretation has been broadly investigated, it still lacks a widely shared alphabetic reading. This paper provides a 1st millennium Greek parallel, and such proposal has been made both taking into account previous studies on the subject as well as approaching the whole question from a different point of view. Results emerging from this hypothesis are then used to further clarify certain content aspects of the tablets attesting ma-ka as well as to cast new light on other related controversial issues
Use of Cyclone Dust as Fill Material in Highway Construction
Authors: Raju P. Guru , Verma Amit K. , Kumar Hemant
Published: July 2018

Because good-quality natural resources are depleting fast, there is an urgent need to look for alternative materials, preferably waste material, for road construction. Cyclone dust is a waste material, nonbiodegradable in nature, and is generated during production of hot mix asphalt. The percentage of waste generated varies between 7–10 % by weight of asphalt mix produced based on the type of aggregate used. Generally, 2–3 % of it is reused as filler in asphalt mixes, and approximately 5 % of cyclone dust is left unutilized, which then needs to be disposed of or reused. Planning a proper disposal of cyclone dust is a challenge for the industry. An attempt has been made to assess the suitability of cyclone dust as embankment or subgrade fill material in highway construction. Specimens from different locations across India were collected and tested in line with the requirements given by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways and the Bureau of Indian Standards. It is observed that the cyclone dust meets the requirements necessary to be used as embankment or subgrade material in highway construction. This material seems to be superior to pond ash in terms of its mechanical properties and ease of use in construction.
Data-Based Nonlinear Model Identification in Economic Model Predictive Control
Authors: Giuliani Laura , Durand Helen
Published: July 2018

Many chemical/petrochemical processes in industry are not completely modeled from a first-principles perspective because of the complexity of the underlying physico-chemical phenomena and the cost of obtaining more accurate, physically relevant models. System identification methods have been utilized successfully for developing empirical, though not necessarily physical, models for advanced model-based control designs such as model predictive control (MPC) for decades. However, a fairly recent development in MPC is economic model predictive control (EMPC), which is an MPC formulated with an economics-based objective function that may operate a process in a dynamic (i.e., off steady-state) fashion, in which case the details of the process model become important for obtaining sufficiently accurate state predictions away from the steady-state, and the physics and chemistry of the process become important for developing meaningful profit-based objective functions and safety-critical constraints. Therefore, methods must be developed for obtaining physically relevant models from data for EMPC design. While the literature regarding developing models from data has rapidly expanded in recent years, many new techniques require a model structure to be assumed a priori, to which the data is then fit. However, from the perspective of developing a physically meaningful model for a chemical process, it is often not obvious what structure to assume for the model, especially considering the often complex nonlinearities characteristic of chemical processes (e.g., in reaction rate laws). In this work, we suggest that the controller itself may facilitate the identification of physically relevant models online from process operating data by forcing the process state to nonroutine operating conditions for short periods of time to obtain data that can aid in selecting model structures believed to have physical significance for the process and, subsequently, identifying their parameters. Specifically, we develop EMPC designs for which the objective function and constraints can be changed for short periods of time to obtain data to aid in model structure selection. For one of the developed designs, we incorporate Lyapunov-based stability constraints that allow closed-loop stability and recursive feasibility to be proven even as the online “experiments” are performed. This new design is applied to a chemical process example to demonstrate its potential to facilitate physics-based model identification without loss of closed-loop stability. This work therefore reverses a question that has been of interest to the control community (i.e., how new techniques for developing models from data can be useful for control of chemical processes) to ask how control may be utilized to impact the use of these techniques for the identification of physically relevant process dynamic models that can aid in improving process operation and control for economic and safety purposes.
Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde? President Donald Trump’s Personality Profile as Perceived from Different Political Viewpoints
Authors: Hyatt Courtland , Campbell W. Keith , Lynam Donald R. , Miller Joshua D.
Published: July 2018

The present research used an empirical, crowdsourced trait profiling approach to describe the personality of President Donald Trump (hereafter Trump) that accounts for political views. We recruited participants who voted for Hillary Clinton (N = 120; hereafter Clinton) and Trump (N = 118), and asked them to rate Trump’s personality on the 30 facets of the Five Factor Model. Participants also provided perceived helpfulness and harmfulness ratings of the facets before and after the election. We treated these facet level ratings as trait profiles, which were transformed into estimates of personality disorders (PDs) and complex trait-based constructs based on expert profiles. Results suggest only modest agreement between Clinton and Trump voters on Trump’s personality. Clinton voters perceived much greater antagonism, lower conscientiousness, and higher levels of impairment in Trump’s personality than did Trump voters who primarily perceived high levels of extraversion and emotional stability (i.e., low neuroticism). At the level of PDs and complex traits, there was some convergence with both groups seeing Trump as high in narcissism and psychopathy.
Community Participation as an Ethical Principle for Research
Authors: Kral Michael
Published: July 2018

There is a long history of research with Indigenous peoples by outsiders, and many Indigenous communities have felt exploited. Terms such as drive-by research have been used, as well as expressions such as “we have been researched to death.” Anthropology itself has been accused of spying, and Vine Deloria asked anthropologists to “become productive members” in an Indigenous community “instead of ideological vultures” treating people as objects. A great many Indigenous communities and organizations are now requesting outside researchers to join their communities in a collaborative research partnership, and some have produced ethical principles for research highlighting this participatory relationship. In this article, I discuss some of this history and current direction, giving examples of Indigenous research partnerships and Indigenous research from the inside. Participatory research is extended beyond Indigenous communities to the social sciences, as positive outcomes are being seen across disciplines.
The role of kisspeptin neurons in reproduction and metabolism
Authors: Harter Campbell J L , Kavanagh Georgia S , Smith Jeremy T
Published: July 2018

Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide with a critical role in the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Kisspeptin is produced by two major populations of neurons located in the hypothalamus, the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V) and arcuate nucleus (ARC). These neurons project to and activate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons (acting via the kisspeptin receptor, Kiss1r) in the hypothalamus and stimulate the secretion of GnRH. Gonadal sex steroids stimulate kisspeptin neurons in the RP3V, but inhibit kisspeptin neurons in the ARC, which is the underlying mechanism for positive- and negative feedback respectively, and it is now commonly accepted that the ARC kisspeptin neurons act as the GnRH pulse generator. Due to kisspeptin’s profound effect on the HPG axis, a focus of recent research has been on afferent inputs to kisspeptin neurons and one specific area of interest has been energy balance, which is thought to facilitate effects such as suppressing fertility in those with under- or severe over-nutrition. Alternatively, evidence is building for a direct role for kisspeptin in regulating energy balance and metabolism. Kiss1r-knockout (KO) mice exhibit increased adiposity and reduced energy expenditure. Although the mechanisms underlying these observations are currently unknown, Kiss1r is expressed in adipose tissue and potentially brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Kiss1rKO mice exhibit reduced energy expenditure. Recent studies are now looking at the effects of kisspeptin signalling on behaviour, with clinical evidence emerging of kisspeptin affecting sexual behaviour, further investigation of potential neuronal pathways are warranted.
Protection of Space Environment in the Light of Perspective Challenges of “Space Wars”
Authors: Hurova Anna
Published: July 2018

In article it is analyzed action in the space of the principle of prohibition of the use of force and threats (jus contra bellum). Also it is researched application of Geneva Law to space conflicts (jus in bello) and it correlations with another hard and soft norms of international law in the light of protection of space environment such as Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment 1972, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 1992 etc. Beside this it is used practice of International Court of Justice for argumentation of positions and conclusions. Since space objects management is done remotely with help of software, author draw parallels between legal regulation of international conflicts in outer space and cyber space. Furthermore, it is researched specific features of application the principle of proportionality in international space armed conflicts with the aim of protection environment of space and Earth.
New Boundaries of the Environmental Law of Ukraine
Authors: Malysheva Nataliia
Published: July 2018

The article shows the necessity of the newest vector of environmental law development, connected with the expansion of its spatial base to the near-Earth outer space. The historical context of the problem is being investigated, beginning with the first UN treaties on outer space. The gradual penetration of certain principles, provisions and requirements for the environmental safety of space activities into the national space and environmental legislation of space faring countries is analyzed. Taking into account foreign experience, the ways of the Ukrainian environmental law development with regard to involve outer space in the sphere of its protection are outlined.
Environmental Conflict as a Socio-Legal Phenomenon
Authors: Yaremak Zoryana
Published: July 2018

The article studies environmental conflict and identifies it as a specific socio-legal phenomenon – legal environmental conflict  on the basis of the suggested unified approach to understanding its nature. It is confirmed that legal conflict has to be studied in terms of the inseparable unity of its social basis and legal nature. It is concluded that the generic features of social conflict in the process of juridization turn into features of legal nature and acquire legal character in legal conflict. The distinction is made between the notions of “legal conflict” and “legal collision”.
Environmental Requirements in the Field of Urban Development: Legal Land Aspects
Authors: Kostyk Solomiya
Published: July 2018

The article analyzes the procedure for conducting an environmental impact assessment in the context of urban development activities in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Environmental Impact Assessment”. The environmental impact assessment and the environmental expertise, which was carried out before the entry into force of the new legislation, were compared. Particular attention is devoted to public participation in the implementation of environmental impact assessment and to the introduction of a new information resource – the Unified Register of Environmental Impact Assessment.
Ensuring Ecological Safety or Ensuring a Favorable Environment: Theoretical and Legal Justification of the Function of a Modern Ecological State
Authors: Kostytsky Vasyl
Published: July 2018

Автор розглядає проблеми сучасного суспільства та їх вплив на довкілля, а також на розвиток екологічного права, аналізує такі юридичні дефініції, як навколишнє природне середовище, довкілля, право екологічної безпеки, їх соціолого-правовий зміст, право на сприятливе довкілля як суб’єктивне право людини у сучасному світі. У цій статті автор уже не вперше ставить питання про нову роль держави у сучасних умовах, здатність держави відповісти на глобальні виклики з використанням теоретико-правової науки та соціології права в рамках запропонованого ним теолого-соціологічного розуміння права. На думку автора, на зміну постіндустріальній державі, яка залишається механізмом обслуговування ліберальних цінностей суспільства, має прийти екологічна держава, яка зможе зберегти демократичні цінності, з одного боку, та знайти відповіді на виклики сьогодення, з другого боку, забезпечити посилення владного впливу на перебіг подій у соціумі, між громадянським суспільством і державою у рамках конституційно-правових вимог як Суспільного договору, відповісти на глобальні і регіональні екологічні виклики у рамках модифікованої екологічної функції держави
Recognition of Customary Law and Institutions and Community Protocols of Indigenous People in Domestic ABS Legislation or Policies in Accordance with the Provisions of Nagoya Protocol
Authors: Arjjumend Hasrat
Published: July 2018

The Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) provides for the rights of Indigenous people and local communities in accordance with United Nations Declaration of Rights of Indigenous People. The Parties are obliged to take legislative, administrative and technical measures to recognize, respect and support/ensure the customary laws & institutions and community protocols of Indigenous peoples and local communities (ILCs). Within the ambit of contemporary debates encompassing Indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination, this paper examines the effectiveness of international law (i.e. Nagoya Protocol) to influence existing or evolving domestic laws, policies or administrative measures of Parties on access and benefit sharing. Through opinion surveys of Indigenous organizations and national authorities of CBD’s Parties, the findings indicate that the space, recognition and respect created in existing or evolving domestic ABS measures for rights of Indigenous communities are too inadequate to effectively implement the statutory provisions related to customary laws & institutions and community protocols, as envisaged in Nagoya Protocol. As the bio-cultural rights of Indigenous people are key to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, the domestic ABS laws need reorientation to be sufficiently effective in translating the spirit of international ABS laws into domestic policies.
Ecologization of the Origin of the Ownership Right on the Objects of Fauna in the Aquaculture Area
Authors: Getman Anatoliy , Shehovtsov Volodymyr
Published: July 2018

The authors of the article have studied theoretical and practical problems of delimitation of the ownership right to the objects of aquaculture and the fauna objects in the context of determining the grounds for the emergence of property right. The mechanisms of resolving disputes concerning the belonging of the fauna objects that are located in a water object together with the objects of aquaculture have been offered. The authors have developed propositions for making amendments and alterations to the current legislation.
Legal Regulation of the Emerald Network: National and Global Aspects
Authors: Bevz Olena
Published: July 2018

The article is devoted to the definition of the legal nature of the Emerald network, as well as to the issues of the formation of the Emerald Network in the context of Ukraine's international obligations. In particular, the history of the appearance of the term “Emerald Network” in international acts, the criteria and the procedure for designating territories of the Emerald Network is investigated. In addition, the article deals with the problems connected with the legal provision of the formation of the Emerald Network in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the adoption of the relevant legislation is foreseen by the international obligations of Ukraine as a Member State of Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats and Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. The provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine "On the Territories of the Emerald Network” are analyzed.
The River Basin Principle of Water Resources Management in the Legislation of the European Union and Ukraine
Authors: Danyliuk Lesia
Published: July 2018

The article studies the notion of the river basin principle of water resources management, its meaning, its legal definition in the EU directives, the particular aspects of its implementation in Ukraine, and its overall importance in terms of water quality and management of water resources, including the marine environment. It is determined that the river basin principle of water resources management is one of the key matters of the EU environmental policy and is a topical issue for Ukraine in the process of European integration. Essentially, the river basin principle of water resources management is defined as integrated management within a river basin district. It is concluded that this principle is one of the main components of integrated management of water resources and is, in fact, the basis of the integrated approach to such management.
Magnetoresistance of Ge-Si Whiskers in the Vicinity to Metal– Insulator Transition
Authors: Druzhinin A.A. , Ostrovskii I.P. , Khoverko Yu.M. , Liakh-Kaguy N.S.
Published: July 2018

The magnetoresistance of GeхSi1-х (x = 0.002¸   0.11) whiskers with an acceptor concentration (Na = 3x1018¸   2.1019 cm-3) near the metal-insulator transition (MIT) was studied at low temperatures (4.2 - 77)K in magnetic fields up to 14 T. It is shown that at 4.2 K the magnetoresistance of the Ge-Si whiskers on thedielectric side of the MIT is quadratic, while the magnetoresistance of the crystals on the metal side of the MIThas an exponential dependence on the magnetic field. In the samples in the immediate vicinity to the MIT on thedielectric side, negative magnetoresistance was detected, whereas in metal samples with a high germaniumcontent (x = 11 at.%) an anomalous positive magnetoresistance occurs. The resulting anomalous dependences arerespectively explained by the conductivity with respect to the delocalized A+ states of the upper Hubbard bandand the increase in the electron-electron interaction in Ge-Si whiskers at increasing germanium content.