bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Driving hospitality and tourism to foster sustainable innovation: A systematic review of COVID-19-related studies and practical implications in the digital era
Authors: Elkhwesky Zakaria , El Manzani Younès , Elbayoumi Salem Islam
Published: September 2022

Sustainable innovation is a solution for the hospitality and tourism (H&T) industries to cope with the COVID-19 crisis, build resilience, and ensure survival post-pandemic. The primary aim of our review is to systematically identify and critically review the literature on sustainable innovation in H&T amid COVID-19 (conducted in 2020 and 2021), in order to synthesize and classify prevalent types, antecedents, and outcomes of sustainable innovation. The authors present a comprehensive review of the 58 articles on sustainable innovation in H&T through the Web of Science (WoS) database, spanning over 2 years (2020–2021). This review demonstrates that since the beginning of COVID-19, H&T have strongly mobilized network technologies (especially social media and digital platforms) and data-processing technologies (especially Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)) in comparison with physical-digital interface technologies (especially Virtual Reality (VR)), while physical-digital process technologies remain very limited in these industries. Several relevant antecedents of the adoption of sustainable innovation, more specifically digital technologies, have been identified at multiple levels of analysis, including the organizational, managerial, and stakeholder levels. Our research also reveals several consequences of the adoption of sustainable innovation in H&T. These consequences were congregated according to the three main dimensions related to sustainability in economic, social, and environmental outcomes. This study provides important practical implications for the H&T sectors in the digital era and post-pandemic. The current research is the first study to systematically and critically review sustainable innovation in an H&T context.
“An animated socialization without substance:” experiences of persons living with dementia through the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Glassner Ashlie A , Masoud Sara S , Mendoza Mayra Y , Rhodes Shanae , White Carole L
Published: September 2022

Background

Like so many others, persons living with dementia have been greatly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. A Stakeholder Advisory Council set a research priority to learn more about the experiences of families living with dementia during COVID-19.

Methods

This study was conducted using a multi-method design. Online surveys were completed by 27 persons living with dementia to rate the impact of COVID-19 on their health and healthcare. Additionally, interviews (n = 3) and two focus groups were conducted via Zoom with eight participants to explore the experiences of persons living with dementia during COVID-19.

Results

Most participants in this study reported that COVID-19 had some to extreme impact on their anxiety, feelings of isolation, and quality of life. Focus groups and interviews provided context and increased understanding of the main survey findings, with participants also describing other concerns and how they were coping with all of the challenges that came with COVID-19. Five themes from the qualitative data were health, isolation, feelings about COVID-19, adapting to COVID-19, and self-refection.

Discussion

Although persons living with dementia described the ways that COVID-19 impacted on their quality of life, they also described strategies for coping. For those persons living with dementia who are able to utilize technology, this study highlights the ongoing need to provide virtual opportunities for socialization and support. These findings also emphasize the need to create safe opportunities for socialization such as small socially distanced activities that may allow persons living with dementia to maintain social connections through the COVID-19 pandemic and throughout the progression of their disease.
The body as a site of knowledge: Tacit and embodied narratives of child sexual abuse
Authors: Herland Mari Dalen
Published: September 2022

Research on child sexual abuse has underacknowledged the multifaced, tacit and embodied dimensions, leaving the literature without a full picture of events that are often unspeakable, especially with regards to disclosure. This study thus placed emphasis on and highlighted the importance of increased awareness around lived lives and bodily narratives of child sexual abuse. The qualitative study consisted of 14 in-depth, retrospective interviews with Norwegian participants over the age of 18 who experienced child sexual abuse. The analysis shed light on the participants’ silenced and embodied experiences as children, captured by two overall narratives: a) the body speaks the truth and b) living with embodied messiness, complexity and confusion. The narratives that unfolded in participants’ recollections of their childhood embodied stories contain reflections on how the experiences are re-played within their bodies as adults. Study findings focus on participants’ embodied narratives of child sexual abuse – experiences that are often not captured by verbal language. The narratives brought forward in the interviews are linked with participants’ past experiences and current context, as well as interpersonal, emotional, cognitive and embodied processes, as part of the participants’ meaning making around their child sexual abusive histories. Study findings help explain embodied, tacit and complex dimensions concerning lived experiences of child sexual abuse. As such, this research speaks to the field of social work that encounters children and families facing this phenomenon.
Employability ecosystems in music: (Re)navigating a life in music (in precarious times)
Authors: Burland Karen , Mellor Liz , Bates Christine
Published: September 2022

Preparing students to navigate a life in music involves understanding how they develop awareness of their personal and professional identities, build networks, and reflect on practice in order to sustain and develop work which is meaningful. In a complex, uncertain and rapidly changing world, particularly following the Covid-19 pandemic, we explore the ways in which HEIs might support music students as they prepare for their futures. We argue that employability ecosystems may provide a useful frame for considering the ways in which students’ work transitions can be supported. We consider three vignettes of practice relating to the role of eportfolios and mentoring in scaffolding student reflections on how the intersections of passion, partnership and identity inform personal definitions of success. We suggest that there is a need to disrupt dominant working practices within the music industry and its institutions towards a more ethical, sustainable and culturally enriching employability ecosystem.
Fast wind prediction incorporated in urban city planning
Authors: Kabošová Lenka , Chronis Angelos , Galanos Theodoros
Published: September 2022

Digital design and analysis tools are continually progressing, enabling more seamless integration of climatic impacts into the conceptual design stage, which naturally means enhanced environmental performance of the final designs. Planning sustainable urban configurations and, consequently, environment-derived architectural forms becomes more rapid and requires less effort enabling smooth incorporation into day-to-day practice. This research paper presents a wind prediction-based architectural design method for improving outdoor wind comfort through urbanism and architecture. The added value of the environment-driven design loop consisting of parametric design, wind flow analysis, and necessary design modifications lies in leveraging the newly developed wind prediction tool InFraRed. As is demonstrated in the application study in Kosice, Slovakia, iterating through various design options and evaluating their impact on the wind flow is swift and reliable. That enables the designer to explore the best-performing design alternatives for outdoor wind comfort, yet the extra time required for the analysis is negligible.
Candidate Repositioning, Valence, and a Backfire Effect from Criticism
Authors: Gooch Andrew
Published: September 2022

Politicians who switch policy positions are often criticized for being inconsistent “flip-floppers”, which suggests a valence penalty for repositioning. Using a survey experiment with six treatment conditions and a sample of 2694 respondents, results show that candidates receive an increase in favorability and perceived competency when holding a consistent position on asylum seekers from the campaign to holding office. Repositioning on asylum seekers reduces favorability and perceived competency. However, in treatment conditions where the candidate is criticized for “flip-flopping” by unelected groups, candidate favorability improves relative to a treatment condition where only the repositioning is presented. These results suggest that a backfire effect might occur from criticisms. This backfire occurs on average across all respondents. This study contributes to the line of research that shows mechanisms that offset the negative effects of repositioning.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for a Child With Misophonia: A Case Study
Authors: Petersen Julie M. , Twohig Michael P.
Published: September 2022

Misophonia, a condition involving hypersensitivity, anger, and/or disgust in response to specific noises (e.g., chewing, tapping), is highly underresearched in children. Several case studies point towards the utility of cognitive behavioral therapy and related treatments (e.g., acceptance and commitment therapy [ACT]). ACT presents a particularly promising option, as it focuses on building psychological flexibility in response to difficult internal experiences, rather than trying to remove or change them (e.g., responding effectively to irritation provoked by chewing). The present case study describes “Kelly” (pseudonym), a 12-year-old girl with moderately severe misophonia symptoms, who received a 16-session course of ACT for misophonia. At post-treatment, Kelly reported a decline to the mild range of misophonia, as well as re-engagement in activities that were important to her and clinically significant reductions in depressive symptoms. These results suggest that ACT may be an appropriate treatment for children with misophonia; however, much more research is warranted.
Observation versus intervention for Borden type I intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula: A pooled analysis of 469 patients
Authors: Schartz Derrek , Rahmani Redi , Gunturi Aditya , Kohli Gurkirat Singh , Akkipeddi Sajal Medha K , Ellens Nathaniel R , Romiyo Prasanth , Kessler Alex , Bhalla Tarun , Mattingly Thomas K , Bender Matthew T
Published: September 2022

Background

While it is thought that Borden Type I intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) have a benign clinical course, their management remains controversial.

Methods

A comparative meta-analysis was completed to evaluate the outcomes of intervention verses observation of Borden Type I intracranial dAVF. Outcome measures included: grade progression, worsening symptoms, death due to dAVF, permanent complications other than death, functional independence (mRS 0–2), and rate of death combined with permanent complication, were evaluated. Risk differences (RD) were determined using a random effects model.

Results

Three comparative studies combined with the authors’ institutional experience resulted in a total of 469 patients, with 279 patients who underwent intervention and 190 who were observed. There was no significant difference in dAVF grade progression between the intervention and observation arms, 1.8% vs. 0.7%, respectively (RD: 0.01, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.04, P = 0.49), or in symptom progression occurring in 31/279 (11.1%) intervention patients and 11/190 (5.8%) observation patients (RD: 0.03, CI: −0.02 to 0.09, P = 0.28). There was also no significant difference in functional independence on follow up. However, there was a significantly higher risk of dAVF related death, permanent complication from either intervention or dAVF related ICH or stroke in the intervention group (11/279, 3.9%) compared to the observation group (0/190, 0%) (RD: 0.04, CI: 0.1 to 0.06, P = 0.007).

Conclusion

Intervention of Borden Type I dAVF results in a higher risk of death or permanent complication, which should be strongly considered when deciding on management of these lesions.
Effect of increasing the mass of the ball on power output during the overarm throw in professional male handball players
Authors: Gutiérrez-Dávila Marcos , Sánchez-Sánchez Francisco , Gutiérrez-Cruz Carmen , Garcia-Ramos Amador
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of increasing the mass of the official handball ball on horizontal force, velocity, and power outputs. Twelve male handball players from the Spanish Asobal Handball League performed overarm throws with four balls: official (0.460 kg), Δ15% (0.529 kg), Δ45% (0.667 kg), and Δ75% (0.805 kg). The throws were filmed with two cameras temporally synchronized at 250 Hz and digitized at 125 Hz, making possible to obtain the spatial coordinates of a model composed by six body markers plus the geometric center of the ball. Incrementing the mass of the ball produced a progressive reduction in velocity and increase in force ( p < 0.001). The power tended to increase with the increment of the mass, but significant differences were only reached for the heaviest condition (Δ75%) and it was linked to changes in the application of force with respect to time. The maximum values of force, velocity and power with respect to the release of the ball, were delayed with the increment of the mass ( p < 0.001). These results evidence that the power applied to the ball can only be increased when heavy balls, which modify the structure of the throw, are used.
Variations of distance and accelerometry-based GPS measures and their influence on body composition in professional women soccer players
Authors: Fernandes Renato , Martins Alexandre Duarte , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Brito João Paulo , Nobari Hadi , Reis Victor , Oliveira Rafael
Published: September 2022

External intensity quantification and body composition assessments across the season allow soccer coaches to adjust the intensity during training sessions, thereby avoiding excessive fatigue and helping players maximize their physical fitness status during matches. Thus, the aims of this study were (1) to describe variations in external intensity periods of distance and accelerometry-based measures across the early and mid-competitive phases and (2) to analyze whether the intensity variations influenced body composition across the 2019/20 competitive season. Ten players from a Portuguese BPI Ligue team (professional league) participated in this study. The participants completed ≥80% of 57 training sessions and 13 matches. The athletes were assessed in three phases (before the start of the season, after 2 months, and after 4 months) for the following variables: body fat mass, soft lean mass, fat-free mass, intracellular water, extracellular water, total body water, and phase angle (50 kHz) through bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody S10). A 10-Hz GPS device (PlayerTek) was used to collect distance and accelerometry-based measures, which included total distance, high-speed running distance, sprint distance, acceleration, deceleration, and player load. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with GPS-derived measures as covariates or repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the three moments of assessment. Although the patterns of variables’ responses were not the same as the season progressed, the values of body fat mass, fat-free mass, intracellular water, extracellular water, total body water, ratios of ECW/TBW, ECW/ICW, and phase angle improved. Variations in external intensity measures seem to influence the body composition variables across the season. These results may indicate good adaptations to the training and conditioning strategies managed by the coach and technical staff.
Implementing an infection control checklist May not be effective in reducing the incidence of surgical site infections in spinal surgery
Authors: Kavak Gizem , Kırçıl Cihan , Pelgur Hatice , Topçu Eylem , Yanmaz Erdoğmuş Evrim , Ayabakan Tuba , Acaroglu Emre R
Published: September 2022

Background

Surgical site infections (SSI) in instrumented spine surgery remains as a major complication with increased morbidity. Although implementation of surgical safety checklists has been reported to lower the rates of SSI, reproducibility of these remain unclear.

Objective

The specific aim of this study was to explore the results of implementation of a SSI control protocol in regard to its efficacy in decreasing the rate of SSI.

Methods

A total of 140 instrumented spinal surgery cases between 2018 and 2021 were divided into two groups as Group 1 (checklist implemented) and Group 2 (control) and these were compared regarding SSI rates, patient rand surgery related factors, laboratory findings and infecting microorganisms.

Results

Ten SSIs were encountered in Group 1 (20.8%), whereas only nine in Group 2 (9.8%). Although not statistically significant ( p > .05), these results highly favor the non-checklist implemented group regarding the development of SSI. A definitive infective microorganism could be identified in five out of 10 SSI in Group 1 and 6 out of nine in Group 2. Whereas only three out of 11 (27.3%) involved Gr (+) agents, rest of eight out of 11 (72.7%) involved Gr (−) agents.

Discussion

A failure in decreasing the SSI rate through the implementation of a SSI prevention checklist may be due to several factors pertaining to the study design, patient characteristics and the Gr (−) dominance in SSIs in our center. Nevertheless, this suggests that checklist implementation to prevent SSI in instrumented spine surgery may not be effective in all contexts.
Interactions Between Microorganisms and a Seaweed-Derived Biostimulant on the Growth and Biochemical Composition of Amaranthus hybridus L.
Authors: Ngoroyemoto Nelson , Kulkarni Manoj G. , Stirk Wendy A. , Gupta Shubhpriya , Finnie Jeffrey F. , van Staden Johannes
Published: September 2022

Natural biostimulants such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and seaweed extracts are used in agriculture to improve crop yield in an environmentally friendly approach. However, interaction effects between different biostimulants are seldom investigated. This study aimed to determine the combined effect of PGPRs and Kelpak® (KEL), a seaweed-derived extract, on the growth and biochemical composition of Amaranthus hybridus, a traditional leafy vegetable of South Africa. A pot trial was conducted with 6 treatments—control (distilled water), Bacillus licheniformis (BL) inoculum, Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF) inoculum, 1% KEL, and combination treatments of KEL + BL and KEL + PF. These were applied 3 times to A. hybridus seedlings at 2 weekly intervals prior to harvesting after 6 weeks. Growth parameters and biochemical content were quantified in the harvested material. Kelpak® significantly improved growth (leaf number and area, shoot and root length, and fresh weight) and chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Treatments with 2 microorganisms had a significant negative effect on growth and pigment content. However, the combination treatments significantly improved growth and photosynthetic pigment content to similar levels as the KEL treatment. The mineral content was significantly increased for most minerals when treated with PF and decreased when treated with KEL and KEL + BL. Treatment with 2 bacterial strains and KEL caused a significant decrease in superoxidase dismutase activity with an additive effect when applied in combination. This suggests stress reduction in A. hybridus. Combined use of PGPR and seaweed extracts promises to be an eco-friendly strategy to improve the production and mineral content of traditional leafy vegetables such as A. hybridus.
Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Antihypoxia Activities of 6,7,8,4′-Tetrahydroxyisoflavone and 6,7,8,3′,4′-Pentahydroxyisoflavone
Authors: Tan Hongqiang , Shao Jin , Zhang Jie , Ma Huiping , Jing Linlin
Published: September 2022

In the present study, 6,8-dihydroxydaidzein (6,8-DHD or 6,7,8,4′-tetrahydroxyisoflavone) and 6,8,3′-trihydroxydaidzein (6,8,3′-THD or 6,7,8,3′,4′-pentahydroxyisoflavone) were synthesized via a facile and efficient way using commercially available formononetin as starting material. Their structures were confirmed using spectroscopic analyses (infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry). The purity was checked by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay using ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as a reference compound. The antihypoxia capacity was determined by a hypoxia injury model in PC12 cells. Our study revealed that 6,8-DHD and 6,8,3′-THD exhibited higher antioxidant activities than that of vitamin C and could protect PC12 cells against hypoxia-induced damage. These results indicate that 6,8-DHD and 6,8,3′-THD are excellent antioxidant agents and could be used for alleviating injury induced by hypoxia.
Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Jihong , Sun Changling
Published: September 2022

Objective

The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the surgical results of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (Endo-DCR) for chronic dacryocystitis (CD) with and without intraoperative hyaluronic acid (HA) application.

Methods

An electronic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases in April 1, 2022. Review Manager software version 5.4 was used for data synthesis and a forest plot was generated for each outcome measure.

Results

Seven randomized control trials (RCTs), which involved 739 eyes, were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, compared with the control group, intraoperative HA application significantly enhance the success rate (odds ratio [OR] = 3.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.15–4.98, P < .00001), promote re-epithelization (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.83–4.68, P < .00001), reduce granulation (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21–0.80, P = .008), and scar (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22–0.68, P = .001) formation after Endo-DCR.

Conclusion

Intraoperative HA application seems to be a useful adjuvant that could enhance success rate by promoting re-epithelization and inhabiting granulation and scar formation around the ostium.
The world dangerous it is—The scrambled sentences task in the context of posttraumatic stress symptoms
Authors: Würtz Felix , Blackwell Simon E , Margraf Jürgen , Woud Marcella L
Published: September 2022

The Scrambled Sentences Task (SST) is a robust measure of interpretational processes in psychopathology. However, there is little evidence of its utility in measuring dysfunctional appraisals (DAs) of potentially traumatic events. We developed a novel SST for trauma-related DAs and examined its psychometric properties including convergent validity (correlations with PTSD-related symptoms and self-reported DAs), divergent validity (e.g., symptoms of depression and eating disorders), and retest reliability via an online study. Our sample (T1: N = 214, T2: N = 145) included participants who reported a potentially traumatic life event still eliciting distress. We found high correlations between the SST, PTSD-related symptoms ( r = .37-.51), and self-report measures of DAs ( r = .41-.58), indicating good convergent validity. Internal consistency (split-half = .78-.90) and retest reliability (ICC(3,1) = .73-.81) were also good. However, moderate to large correlations with symptoms of other disorders ( r = .17-.58) indicated limited divergent validity. Finally, the SST explained unique variance in PTSD-related symptoms above self-report measures of DAs. The results demonstrate the promise of the SST as a valid and reliable tool to assess DAs in the context of potentially traumatic life events. Further research should investigate the transdiagnostic role of trauma-related DAs in psychopathology and the relationship between the SST and self-report measures of DAs.
Restrictive strabismus and gaze-evoked oculocardiac reflex following pterygium repair with fibrin glue
Authors: Eldweik Luai T , Aljneibi Shaikha
Published: September 2022

Oculocardiac reflex is a phenomenon caused by traction applied to the extraocular muscles, or pressure on the globes. The afferent stimulus travels via the ophthalmic branch of cranial nerve V, and the efferent stimulus travels via cranial nerve X, which can cause severe bradycardia and potentially hypotension, atrioventricular block, ventricular ectopy, and rarely asystole. Oculocardiac reflex is different from vasovagal syncope which has another pathway, and is triggered by pain or emotional upset, that results in failure of autoregulation of blood pressure. Ophthalmologists often observe oculocardiac reflex intraoperatively upon manipulation of extraocular muscles during strabismus surgeries. We report a case with a previously undescribed complication following pterygium autograft with fibrin glue stimulating oculocardiac reflex resulting in episodes of sudden bradycardia associated with light headedness and nausea.
What’s New about David Bentley Hart’s Translation of the New Testament: Assessing Its Translation Effectiveness and Affectiveness
Authors: Berneking Steve
Published: September 2022

This review of David Bentley Hart's New Testament makes use of a methodological lens from the field of translation studies, that is, the translation brief. The translation brief is an agreement between the client and the translator that sets forth the essential rubrics of the project and how it will best serve the client. My review of Hart's New Testament proceeds in a similar way, identifying the translator, the purpose of the translation, the type of translation, and the audience. In addition, I offer an assessment of the effectiveness and affectiveness of his work.
The “Ideal Version of the Text”: A Text-Critical Review of the Greek Text behind David Bentley Hart's New Testament
Authors: Ebojo Edgar Battad
Published: September 2022

In his The New Testament: A Translation, David Bentley Hart uses the term “critical text” to describe the Greek text he used as the initial textual base for his translation. However, he also integrated into this critical text readings from the Majority Text, setting them in single square brackets. As a result, Hart describes the source text behind his translation as “an approximation to an ideal version of the [NT] text that in actuality we shall never be able to identify entirely.” This paper investigates Hart's claims about the Greek text underlying his translation, and explores what implications his translation presents to those who are involved in Bible translation, specifically in the area of identifying the textual base for their NT translation projects.
Taiping Ideology and the Rewriting of the Chinese Bible
Authors: Tong Clement Tsz Ming
Published: September 2022

When the Taiping insurgents overran the ancient Chinese capital of Nanjing in 1853, the barely two-year-old Christianity-inspired armed uprising appeared to be unstoppable, controlling a large area of Southern China south of the Yangtze River. One of the urgent tasks for the leader of this new “Heavenly Kingdom of Peace” ( Taiping Tianguo), the self-proclaimed second son of God, Hong Xiu Quan, was to match his Taiping ideology with the teachings of the Bible—an important source of his inspiration and authority. Two official translations of the Bible were subsequently published by the Taipings, in which much alteration was done in order to promote Hong's brand of theology and beliefs and to remove stories of potential embarrassment for the regime. This article examines some of the major cases of rewriting found in the two Taiping editions, and provides possible reasons for the heavy-handed tampering with the biblical texts.
Integrated fan cooling of the lower back for wheelchair users
Authors: Griggs Katy E , Vanheusden Frederique J
Published: September 2022

Introduction

A large proportion of a wheelchair user’s body is in contact with their wheelchair. Integrated fan cooling systems fitted to a wheelchair’s backrest aim to alleviate the build-up of heat at the skin-chair interface. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated fan cooling system at cooling the user during daily pushing activity.

Methods

Eight male able-bodied participants completed two conditions, with (FAN) and without (CON) fan cooling, pushing for four 15 min blocks. The fan was turned on (highest setting) at the end of block 1 (FAN), whilst in CON the fan remained off. Skin temperature was measured over the back and chest throughout alongside heart rate and perceptual responses (rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, wetness sensation) at the end of each 15 min block.

Results

Wetness sensation and lower back skin temperature were lower in FAN (both p < 0.02), with the difference in lower back skin temperature between the two conditions being 2.20°C at the end of block 4.

Conclusion

The integrated fan cooling system provided significant cooling to the lower back without affecting any other physiological or perceptual response, besides wetness sensation.
A contemporary snippet on clinical presentation and management of toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Naik Piyu Parth
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is one of the most severe cutaneous adverse reactions with a mortality rate of 30%. Due to a lack of consensus regarding the treatment and management of TEN, therapy is individualized on a case-to-case basis.

Purpose

The scientific literature about Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and TEN is summarized and assessed to aid and assist in determining the optimal course of treatment.

Methods

PubMed and Google Scholar, among others, were searched with the keywords: “Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis”, “corticosteroids”, “cyclosporine”, “etanercept”, “intravenous immunoglobulin”, “Stevens-Johnson syndrome” and filtered by year. The research articles generated by the search, and their references, were reviewed.

Results

TEN is a severe dermatological condition that is mainly caused by medicines. World-wide guidelines differ in care plans. As there is no consensus on the management of TEN, this article aims to summarize the efficacy and feasibility of the management aspect of TEN from previous studies. Supportive care is highly accepted, along with early discontinuation of all medicines (hydration & electrolytes). Corticosteroids and cyclosporine have been used in therapy. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is currently being administered; however, their efficacy by themselves and in combination remains uncertain.

Conclusion

Current evidence predominantly from retrospective studies suggests no individual treatment has sufficient efficacy and a multi-faceted regimen stands to be favored. Therapeutic regimens from corticosteroids to IVIG are under constant evaluation. The life-threatening nature of TEN warrants further confirmation with more extensive, robust randomized, controlled trials.

Lay Summary

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious skin reaction with a 30% chance of mortality. Commonly TEN is caused by medicines and results in a burn like appearance and sensation in patients. Usually administered medicine is cleared effectively by the human body but when the clearance of few metabolites from medicine is disrupted due to few genes, it leads to an ominous response by the body. This response involves several intermediate chemicals that primarily attack skin cells. Treatment guidelines differ globally. Supportive care is highly accepted, along with early discontinuation of all medicine. Currently, a multi-faceted treatment regimen is favored. Treatments like corticosteroids to immunoglobulins are under constant evaluation. Identification of the perfect combination of treatment needs confirmation from robust randomized controlled trials.
Public Opinion on Immigration Law Enforcement, Support for the Police, and Obligation to Report Undocumented Immigrants to the Police
Authors: Chenane Joselyne L.
Published: September 2022

Immigration and immigration enforcement are highly debated in the United States and internationally; however, few studies have examined public opinion on immigration law enforcement using a national sample. Using a panel-based national survey of U.S. citizens, this study explored whether the 2016 U.S. presidential candidate choice influenced public opinion concerning local police officers’ involvement in immigration enforcement. Findings from OLS models indicated that, compared to those who voted for Donald Trump in 2016, those who voted for Hillary Clinton were less likely to endorse using local police to aid in immigration law enforcement and to believe that the public is obligated to report undocumented immigrants to the police. Additionally, compared to those who voted for Donald Trump, those who voted for Hillary Clinton were more inclined to agree that using local police to enforce immigration laws would lower public support for the police. Policy implications are discussed.
Characterizing Interprofessional Collaboration and Referral to Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Programs
Authors: Binda Dhanesh D. , Weinberg Janice M. , Nguyen Tra , Morone Natalia E.
Published: September 2022

Background

In 2017, the American College of Physicians (ACP) designated Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), an eight-week group program, as first-line non-pharmacological treatment for chronic low back pain. However, interprofessional collaboration between mindfulness instructors and Primary Care Providers (PCP) remains largely unknown.

Objective

We developed a survey to assess communication between mindfulness instructors and PCPs, identify predictors of referral to MBSR, and determine areas where interventions could increase patient access to MBSR.

Methods

The 25-question survey was sent via email to PCPs at the Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, the Piedmont Health Services Family Medicine Section, Chapel Hill, NC, the Boston Medical Center General Internal Medicine and Family Medicine Sections, Boston, MA, and the UMass Memorial Medical Center Family Medicine Section, Worcester, MA. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression to analyze the data.

Results

Among 118 eligible respondents, 85 (72.0%) were female PCPs, mean age was approximately 41.5±10.1, and the majority (65.2%) had been in medical practice ≤10 years. Of these PCPs, 83 (70.1%) reported familiarity with MBSR (95% CI: 62.1, 78.5), and 49 (59.0%) of them referred patients at least yearly. Of those who referred, 8 (16.3%) reported collaboration with mindfulness instructors. PCPs who were quite a bit or very much familiar with MBSR had 5.10 (1.10, 22.50) times the odds (P=.03), and those who were 50 years or younger had 3.30 times the odds (P=.04) of referring patients to MBSR. Frequency of PCPs’ personal practice of mindfulness was not significantly associated with referrals (P=.30).

Conclusion

This is the first study to assess interprofessional collaboration between mindfulness instructors and PCPs. Suggestions for a potential integrative health care model are included; further studies on methods to augment communication and education are warranted to improve the referral process and ultimately increase accessibility and utilization of mindfulness-based programs.
How to Change Negative Outcome Expectations in Psychotherapy? The Role of the Therapist’s Warmth and Competence
Authors: Seewald Anna , Rief Winfried
Published: September 2022

Negative outcome expectations of psychological treatments predict unfavorable treatment outcomes. Therefore, therapists should approach negative outcome expectations and ideally transform them into more positive outcome expectations. In this study, we investigated the therapist’s interpersonal behavior to optimize the modification of negative outcome expectations. After inducing negative expectations in an online experiment, we presented different videos of therapist–patient interactions to violate the induced negative outcome expectations. We kept the expectation-violating information constant and manipulated the therapist’s warmth and competence. Results confirmed a significant influence of the therapist’s warmth and competence on expectation violation, which led to the most positive outcome expectations when the therapist was both warm and competent. In contrast to former correlational analyses, our experimental study confirms the causal role of the therapist’s interpersonal behavior and its impact on changing patients’ negative outcome expectations. On the basis of these findings, more powerful approaches to optimize critical outcome expectations can be developed.
Challenging Behaviors as a Relational Phenomenon: Findings From a Qualitative Study in a Nursing Home in Norway
Authors: Munkejord Mai Camilla , Tingvold Laila
Published: September 2022

Challenging behaviors are common in nursing homes. Drawing on rich qualitative data from fieldwork and in-depth interviews with staff in a nursing home in Norway, we will explore (a) how challenging behaviors unfolded, and (b) how such incidents were handled and talked about among staff. Our data is presented firstly through Anna’s story as an introduction to discussing: (1) the problem of contrasting approaches to avoid challenging behaviors and (2) the importance of knowing the resident. Christopher’s story then works as an introduction to discuss (3) the importance of understanding how to prioritize, (4) the importance of caring with connection and concern, and (5) the importance of sharing success stories among staff. In conclusion we argue that we should develop a more flexible organizational culture and a staffing practice in which care workers are empowered to use their discretion and thus to care for the residents with more connection and sensitivity than is currently the case.
Privileging Passion: How the Cultural Logic of Work Perpetuates Social Inequality in the Craft Beer Industry
Authors: Wilson Eli R.
Published: September 2022

Having or “finding” passion for work has become an increasingly common cultural logic of work today, one that workers use to justify career choices and managers use to make hiring decisions. However, scholars have yet to articulate how workers enact this cultural logic of work in ways that may ultimately contribute to social inequality in modern workplaces. On the basis of 115 in-depth interviews and two years of ethnographic fieldwork in U.S. craft breweries, the author shows how brewery workers express a heightened relationship to their jobs, which the author calls pure passion, in ways that encompass labor, consumption, and lifestyle practices. Yet because these enactments of pure passion are predicated on privileged social attributes with respect to race, class, and gender, this cultural logic of work ends up reinforcing the dominant position of white, middle-class men in this industry while simultaneously marginalizing the experiences of women and people of color.
Value Creation Measurement and Management in Times of Radical Social and Technological Change
Authors: Wiesel Thorsten
Published: September 2022

This article tries to deepen our knowledge on the nature of value creation and management in times of turbulent environments both for business management and academic research. The current uncertainties in our economy—coming from exogenous shocks (e.g., financial crises, political standoffs [US–China], pandemic and Ukrainian war) or from demand for more sustainable activities—affect existing companies and provide opportunities for new ventures. Both type of firms need to think of innovative and out-of-the-box ideas to keep generating value for all stakeholders, and particularly to their customers. The nuanced understanding of the factors describing the current economic situation and their effect on value creation and management affects management by, for example, efficient use of resources, and assists in strategy formulation and decision-making. Customer value creation is a dual concept: creating value for customers (value-to-customer [V2C]) as well as extracting some of that customer value at the same time to create value for the firm (value-to-firm [V2F]). While this might be known, it is rarely implemented. In order to deliver V2C, firms should look at the customer journey from a customers’ point of view rather than a firms’ point of view. Only then, the real revenue potential can be realized when thinking about monetizing the customer interface and, hence, developing the customer relationship options beyond the current business. Even if it exists for a long time already, customer lifetime value (CLV) und customer equity (CE) are the right techniques to measure and manage value in such times. Besides, in today’s environment, the gap between CLV and CE and shareholder value needs to be closed. Existing customer-based corporate valuation studies do exactly so and, more importantly, will become even more important in the future due to new business models.
Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for early stage non-small cell lung cancer: a study based on the SEER database and a Chinese cohort
Authors: Zhou Liang , Zhang Yahui , Chen Wenyu , Niu Niu , Zhao Junjie , Qi Weibo , Xu Yufen
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aimed to construct a nomogram to effectively predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

For the training and internal validation cohorts, a total of 26,941 patients with stage I and II NSCLC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. A nomogram was constructed based on the risk factors affecting prognosis using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. And 505 patients were recruited from Jiaxing First Hospital for external validation. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated by C-index and calibration curves.

Results

A Nomogram was created after identifying independent prognostic factors using univariate and multifactorial factor analysis. The C-index of this nomogram was 0.726 (95% CI, 0.718–0.735) and 0.721 (95% CI, 0.709–0.734) in the training cohort and the internal validation cohort, respectively, and 0.758 (95% CI, 0.691–0.825) in the external validation cohort, which indicates that the model has good discrimination. Calibration curves for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS probabilities showed good agreement between predicted and actual survival. In addition, DCA analysis showed that the net benefit of the new model was significantly higher than that of the TNM staging system.

Conclusion

We developed and validated a survival prediction model for patients with non-small cell lung cancer in the early stages. This new nomogram is superior to the traditional TNM staging system and can guide clinicians to make the best clinical decisions.
EZH2 mutations at diagnosis in follicular lymphoma: a promising biomarker to guide frontline treatment
Authors: Martínez-Laperche C. , Sanz-Villanueva L. , Díaz Crespo F. J. , Muñiz P. , Martín Rojas R. , Carbonell D. , Chicano M. , Suárez-González J. , Menárguez J. , Kwon M. , Diez Martín J. L. , Buño I. , Bastos Oreiro M.
Published: September 2022

EZH2 is mutated in nearly 25% of follicular lymphoma (FL) cases. Little is known about how EZH2 affects patients’ response to therapy. In this context, the aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the frequency of mutations in EZH2 at diagnosis in tissue and ctDNA in patients with FL and to assess the patients’ outcomes after receiving immunochemotherapy, depending on the EZH2 mutation status. Among the 154 patients included in the study, 27% had mutated EZH2 (46% with high-grade and 26% with low-grade FL). Of the mutated tissue samples, the mutation in ctDNA was identified in 44% of cases. EZH2 mutation in ctDNA was not identified in any patient unmutated in the tissue.

Unmutated patients who received R-CHOP had significantly more relapses than patients who received R-Bendamustine (16/49 vs. 2/23, p = 0.040). Furthermore, our results show that patients with mutated EZH2 treated with R-CHOP vs. those treated with R-Bendamustine present a lower incidence of relapse (10% vs. 42% p = 0.09 at 4 years), a higher PFS (92% vs. 40% p = 0.039 at 4 years), and higher OS (100% vs. 78% p = 0.039 at 4 years). Based on these data, RCHOP could be a more suitable regimen for mutated patients, and R-bendamustine for unmutated patients. These findings could mean the first-time identification of a useful biomarker to guide upfront therapy in FL.
Predictive factors for open reduction of flexion-type supracondylar fracture of humerus in children
Authors: Sun Jun , Shan Jing , Meng Lian , Liu Tianjing , Wang Enbo , Jia Guoqiang
Published: September 2022

Objective

The incidence of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in flexion-type supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) in children is significantly higher than that of extension-type fractures. This study aimed to identify risk factors for ORIF in flexion-type SCHF.

Methods

One hundred seventy-one patients with Wilkins type III flexion-type SCHF from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively enrolled in a tertiary paediatric hospital. Patients were divided into ORIF group versus closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) group. Then, patients data of age, sex, injury side, obesity, deviation of displacement, fracture level, rotation, nerve injury, and delay from injury to surgery were reviewed. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify independent risk factors and odds ratios (OR) of ORIF.

Results

Overall, 171 children with type III flexion-type SCHF were analyzed (average aged 7.9 ± 2.8 years). Displacement was lateral in 151 cases, medial in 20. 20 cases had combined ulnar nerve injury. The failed closed reduction rate was 20%. Univariate analysis indicated age, distal fracture fragment rotation, and ulnar nerve injury were significantly associated with ORIF. (P = 0.047,P = 0.009, andP = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that distal fracture fragment rotation (OR, 3.3; 95%CI:1.1–9.5;P = 0.028) and ulnar nerve injury (OR, 6.4; 95%CI:2.3–18.3;P = 0.001) were independent risk factors; however, the age was not an independent one (OR, 1.5; 95%CI:0.6–3.5;P = 0.397) for ORIF in the Wilkins type III flexion-type SCHF.

Conclusion

Distal fracture fragment malrotation on initial x-rays and ulnar nerve injury were significant risk factors for ORIF in Wilkins type III flexion-type SCHF. Surgeons should prepare tourniquets or other open reduction instruments when treating these types of fractures.

Level of evidence

Level IV