bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromosome Numbers of Rubus Accessions in the USDA/ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Ore.
Authors: Thompson Maxine M. , Hummer Kim E.
Published: March 2024

Chromosome numbers were determined for the Rubus species and cultivars held at the USDA/ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Ore. Counts were made on a total of 205 taxa; 81 of which were new, 124 were corrections, and a few were corrections of previous reports. The numbers ranged from 2n = 2x = 14 to 2x = 98, and included odd-ploids and aneuploids. Knowledge of the chromosome number of a plant is important for its use in breeding because of potential sterility problems that may arise due to unbalanced gametes. The value of these particular counts are that they are vouchered by a permanent, living plant collection that is available to the scientific user community.
The Influence of Removal of Specific Wavelengths of Light on the Height of Chrysanthemum Plants
Authors: Reddy Venkat K. , Rajapakse Nihal C.
Published: March 2024

The influence of removal of specific wavelengths [red (R), blue (B), and farred (FR)] from sunlight on the height of chrysanthemum plants was investigated by overlaying Roscolux™ colored acetate films on 4% CuSO4 or water (control) spectral filters. CuSO4 filters removed FR wavelengths and significantly reduced plant height and internode length compared to control plants that received B, R, and FR wavelengths of light. Plants grown under Roscolux blue filters did not receive R light and were significantly taller compared to plants from any other treatments. Plants grown under Roscolux red filters did not receive B light and were significantly shorter compared to plants from other treatments. Leaf area, leaf dry weight, and stem dry weight were highest in plants grown under Roscolux red and control filter combination. The amount of leaf chlorophyll and the ratio of Chl A: Chl B was highest in plants grown under Roscolux blue filters. In general, plants that received FR light (control + film) were taller than the plants that did not receive FR light in the corresponding (CuSO4 + film) filter combination. The influence of removal of specific wavelengths on plant height control and developmental physiology will be discussed.
Searching for the Best Empirical Model to Estimate Turf Water Use in Kansas
Authors: Wiest Steven C. , Fry Jack D. , Upham Ward S.
Published: March 2024

A relatively accurate estimate of turfgrass evapotranspiration (ET) using environmental parameters readily obtainable from a local weather station would be of benefit to golf course superintendents, landscape managers, and homeowners. The Penman–Monteith model is clearly a poorer estimate than that obtained by Bellani plates or spheres. It has been suggested that, while the Penman–Monteith model is good in the drier climate of the southwestern United States, other models may be of greater practicable utility in climates such as are common in Kansas. Thus, other models have been evaluated for their suitability as turfgrass ET estimates in Kansas-like climates. Turfgrass ET was measured via lysimeters in 1992–94. Specifically, measurements were taken on three tall fescue varieties mowed at 6.35 or 7.62 cm, and zoysiagrass and perennial ryegrass mowed at 2.54 cm. Evaporation from black Bellani plates was measured simultaneously. These evaporation and ET rates were compared to those estimated by various empirical models whose data came from a weather station located within 31 m of the Bellani plates and lysimeters. Empirical models included temperature methods (e.g., FAO-24 Blaney–Criddle), radiation methods (e.g., Jensen–Haise, Hargreaves–Samani), combination equations (e.g., Priestly–Taylor, Penman), and variants. The best model(s) determined from these comparisons will likely become the method(s) of choice for estimating turfgrass ET in Kansas.
Inheritance of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Tepary Beans
Authors: Dursun A. , Coyne D.P. , Mohamed M.F. , Jung G.
Published: March 2024

Common bacterial blight, incited by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), is a serious disease of common beans [Phaseolus vulgaris (P. v.)]. Some tepary beans (P. acutifolius) are resistant (R) to Xcp and used to breed P. v. with R to Xcp. The objective was to determine the inheritance of the reaction to different strains of Xcp in crosses between susceptible (S) and R tepary lines. The parents, F2, and F3 populations from six tepary crosses involving 3 R × S, 1 R × moderately (M) R, and 2 R × R were inoculated with Xcp strains EK-11, LB-2, and SC-4A. Different single dominant genes controlled the reaction to different Xcp isolates in R × S crosses. Coupling linkage was detected between the genes controlling the reactions to each of the Xcp strains in the crosses NE #4B(s) × NE #19(R) and NE #4B(S) × CIAT-640005(R), except for NE #8A(MR) × NE #4B(S) with strains EK-11 and LB-2 and EK-11 and SC-4A. Transgressive segregation for S was observed in the F2 and F3 NE #8A × NE #8B(R), indicating that the parents possessed different genes for R. No segregation for reactions occurred n the F2 NE #8B × NE #19 and NE #19 × CIAT-640005, indicating that these parents possessed the same genes for R to the three strains.
Fatty Acid Composition of Plasmalemma Lipids Associated with Cold Tolerance of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.)
Authors: Arambage Abesinghe , Garner James , Silva J.L.
Published: March 2024

Plasmalemma lipid fatty acid changes due to low temperature (12C) were observed in M521-1 and `Travis', chilling-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively, genotypes. Lipid fatty acid changes found in both genotypes after exposure to chilling included decreased palmitic acid (16:0) and an increased unsaturated: saturated fatty acid ratio. Changes detected only in the tolerant genotype were increased linoleic (18:2), linolenic (18:3) and erucic (22:1). Monogalactosyldiglyceride and phosphatidylglycerol were the only lipids with >50% of their fatty acids unsaturated; therefore, it was concluded that these lipids were involved in the chilling tolerance of M521-1. A reduction in arachidonic (20:4) on phosphatidylinositol from `Travis' exposed to 12C resulted in <50% unsaturation of this lipid. This change could be associated with the chilling sensitive response of `Travis'.
Agricultural Applications of Ethephon
Authors: Murray Mike , Beede Bob , Weir Bill , Williams Jack
Published: March 2024

Physiological effects on plant growth caused by the plant hormone ethylene have been noted for many years. More than 100 years ago, workers noted that illuminating gas or broken gas mains had deleterious effects on surrounding trees or plants. It was not until the 1960s that scientists documented that plant growth may be manipulated by applying ethylene. Some of the biological effects since noted include premature defoliation, fruit maturation ripening, induction of flowering, stimulation of sprouting or germination, and shortening of plant height. These effects are noted on a wide variety of agricultural crops, including vegetables, field crops, tree crops, and ornamentals. Ethylene is a gas and dissipates rapidly, and, thus, does not lend itself to field application. In the 1960s, the product ethephon [(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] was developed. When taken up by the plant, ethephon is converted to ethylene in the cells and becomes available for physiological interactions. Because ethephon precipitates a wide variety of biological reactions, application technology becomes extremely important. Factors such as plant growth stage, plant stress status, plant foliage spray coverage, ethephon rates, and environmental conditions determine the responses obtained. An example is provided by processing tomatoes, where the desired response is to maximize fruit maturity enhancement and minimize premature defoliation—both ethylene responses. We have selected five agricultural applications of ethephon as examples of how plant growth may be altered. These are: increased boll opening in cotton; enhanced pistillate flower induction in hybrid squash seed; accelerated fruit maturity in processing tomatoes; enhanced hull splitting in walnuts; and reduced lodging in wheat. Each of these applications, and others, are common in California agriculture. Brevity necessitates providing only a summary of relevant applied research activities, which are not intended to be complete or thorough. Details on specific ethephon applications may be obtained from that particular researcher.
Isozyme Polymorphism and Inheritance in Rhipsalidopsis and Schlumbergera (Cactaceae)
Authors: O'Leary Maureen C. , Boyle Thomas H.
Published: March 2024

Cultivars and seedlings of Rhipsalidopsis and Schlumbergera were subjected to isozyme analysis using seven enzyme systems [aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), aminopeptidase (AMP), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD), and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI)]. Isozymes were extracted from phylloclades and roots, and were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) using single percentage (5% to 10%) gels. Six enzymes exhibited polymorphism in Rhipsalidopsis, whereas all seven enzymes were polymorphic in Schlumbergera. Inheritance studies were performed on AAT, GPI, MDH, PGM, and TPI for Rhipsalidopsis and on AMP, PGM, and SKD for Schlumbergera. Significant segregation distortion was observed in some families. Polymorphic isozymes are potentially useful markers for cultivar identification and for genetic and breeding studies.
The Effect of Cold–Warm (5 to 20C) Stratification and Light on Germination and Cotyledon Emergence in Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb.
Authors: Solt Stephanie , Pellett Norman
Published: March 2024

In nature, Trillium seeds are reported to take 2 years to germinate, the radicle emerging the first year and the cotyledon the second year. The accepted stratification treatment has been a sequence of cold–warm–cold–warm. Our objective was to determine the temperature sequence and length of cold needed for optimum germination and the effect of light on cotyledon emergence. In the initial experiment, the seeds were subjected to either a warm–cold–warm–cold or a cold–warm–cold–warm regimen in a moist environment. Germination occurred after the first cold period and cotyledons emerged 7 weeks later. In a second experiment, seeds were subjected to various lengths of cold and the presence or absence of light during the following warm period. An 83-day cold period resulted in 79% germination and a 76-day cold period resulted in 53% germination. Light had little or no effect on cotyledon emergence.
Somatic Embryogenesis in Muscadine Grape
Authors: Xu Xia , Lu Jiang , Lamikanra O.
Published: March 2024

Low frequency of in vitro regeneration has hampered the adoption of genetic engineering technique for improving the quality of muscadine grape. This study is to develop a straightforward method for high-frequency regeneration of muscadine grapes in vitro. Leaves, petioles, and immature ovules of muscadine grapes were cultured on various media. Embryogenic callus, somatic embryos were formed after 9 weeks inoculated on embryo rescue (ER) medium. The somatic embryos were isolated and subcultured on fresh medium to promote enlargement and increase the number of uniformly sized somatic embryos. Of the medium tested (MS, NN, and ER), the ER medium was the best for somatic embryo growth and multiplication. The somatic embryogenic lines were maintained by transferring the embryos to the fresh ER medium every 4 weeks. Germination was achieved by transferring these embryos to woody plant medium or NN medium. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis of embryo germination appeared to be genotype dependent. The establishment of the somatic embryogenesis system in this study should be a step forward in directly transferring a foreign gene into muscadine grape.
Effects of Supplementary Lighting on Growth and Primary Nitrogen Metabolism of Greenhouse Lamb's Lettuce and Spinach.
Authors: Chadjaa Hassan , Vézina Louis-Phillipe , Dubé Sylvain , Gosselin André
Published: March 2024

Two cultivars of lamb's lettuce (Valerianella sp L. cvs. Valgros et Vit) and one cultivar of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L. cv. Martine RZ Fl) were subjected to supplemental lighting treatments provided by high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS, PL 90, P.L. Lighting Systems). The PAR level was 50 μmol– m–2· s–1. Seedlings were subjected to three photoperiods (natural, 12, and 16 h). The experiment was conducted from Jan. until Apr. 1994. The fresh weight of plants grown under supplemental light was higher than plants grown under natural light. Nitrate concentration was lower in the leaves of plants grown under supplemental light while nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was increased. The cultivar Valgros was more productive than Vit, but accumulated more nitrates. At harvest, the fresh weight of Valgros plants grown under 12- and 16-h photoperiods were 30% and 50% higher, respectively, than those grown under natural photoperiod. The fresh weight of Vit grown under 16 h of supplemental light was 30% higher than under natural photoperiod. The lowest nitrate concentrations in plants were obtained under a 16-h photoperiod and the highest NRA were obtained with the same treatment. Compared to that obtained under natural photoperiod, the fresh weight of spinach shoots was 40% higher when seedlings were lighted for 12 h and almost 100% under 16 h. The lowest nitrate accumulation in spinach was found for plants grown under 16 h supplemental lighting.
Variations in Flowering, Vegetative Growth, and Dry Matter Partitioning Induced by Photoperiod and Temperature Treatments in Papaver somniferum
Authors: Acock Mary C. , Wang Zhongchun , Acock Basil
Published: March 2024

Estimating yields of illicit narcotic crops requires knowledge of how climate, soil, and geography affect these crops. One method for estimating yields is to create databases from which to develop simulation models. This experiment is part of one of those databases, designed to determine if flowering time can be affected in young poppy seedlings by manipulating photoperiod (PP) and temperature. Plants were grown in chambers under a 12-, 13-, 14-, or 24-h PP and a 12-h thermoperiod of 25/20C. Plants at 10 or 20 days after emergence were transferred to separate chambers and treated for 48 h with either a) 10C and a 12-h PP or b) a 24-h PP and a 12-h thermoperiod of 25/20C. Days to flowering (DTF) decreased with increased PP, especially between 12 and 13 h. The 48-h PP interruption decreased DTF for PPs <24 h for both seedling ages, the effect being more pronounced for 10 d and for the 12-h PP. The 48-h 10C interruption had no effect on DTF. The poppy capsule, from which the gum is harvested, was a larger proportion of the shoot biomass under PPs >14 h, but capsule biomass was a positive linear function of DTF. DTF depends on PP and biomass at flowering depends on DTF.
Development of a Flavor Profile of `Gala' Apples Using OSME Sensory Technique
Authors: Plotto A. , McDaniel M.R. , Mattheis J.P.
Published: March 2024

`Gala' is an early season apple variety that has a distinctive aroma and flavor. Studies were conducted to identify volatile compounds that contribute to `Gala' aroma. `Gala' apples were harvested at optimum maturity in a commercial orchard. Volatile compounds were trapped on activated charcoal using dynamic headspace sampling and eluted with carbon disulfide. Odor profiles of the samples were determined using OSME, a method developed at Oregon State Univ. that combines gas chromatography and olfactometry with a time-intensity scale. Three trained panelists described odor characteristics of compounds eluted through a sniff port of a gas chromatograph. Compounds were identified by matching Kovats indices with those of standards and also by mass spectrometry. Butyl acetate, 2-methyl butyl acetate, and pentyl acetate were characteristic of `Gala' apple. Methyl-2-methyl butyrate, ethyl-2-methyl butyrate, pentyl acetate, and butyl-2-methyl butyrate carried apple-like descriptors.
Phenotypic Stability of Transgenic Citrus
Authors: Moore Gloria A.
Published: March 2024

We have produced a number of transgenic citrus plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of seedling stem segments with a vector plasmid containing a β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene. All regenerated green shoots produced in our experiments are assayed histochemically for expression of GUS by cutting a section from the base of the shoot. Many of the shoots express GUS only in sectors, which vary in size from shoot to shoot. Analyses suggest that sectored regenerated shoots are chimeric, consisting of nontransformed cells as well as transformed cells. However, plants derived from shoots with large GUS+ sectors in the original assays do not necessarily contain the GUS gene; conversely, some plants derived from shoots with small sectors appear solidly transformed. Plants that appear solidly transformed have maintained gene expression for up to 5 years. None of the transgenic plants have obviously altered morphologies. It has not been possible to analyze progeny plants because of the long juvenile periods and polyembryony of the primary transformants. However, because citrus is clonally propagated, long-term phenotypic stability of primary transformants is the most important factor in producing useful transgenic plants.
Promoting the Residential Habitat Garden through Education
Authors: Johnson James
Published: March 2024

As the need to design residential landscapes in an environmentally sensitive manner becomes more apparent, the demand for educational materials and activities that promote the habitat garden is growing. In response to this need, an educational plan, ranging from the publication of a booklet to the implementation of a demonstration garden, has been undertaken. The booklet should serve both the homeowner and the professional designer interested in wildlife-sensitive designs. Horticultural faculty and students are being organized to implement one of my designs on the Clemson Univ. campus to demonstrate the habitat garden concepts found in the booklet. Working with local homeowners by designing and having their yards certified by the National Wildlife Federation as “Backyard Wildlife Habitats” has also served to promote the habitat garden. I am also working with the Dept. of Horticulture and senior citizen volunteers to raise money to build a demonstration garden in the South Carolina State Botanical Garden. The incorporation of written materials, designs, certifications, and demonstration gardens into an educational package has resulted in a community effort to promote the habitat garden.
The Effect of Heat Shock, ABA, and Salicylic Acid on Induction of Chilling Tolerance in Cucumber Seedling Roots
Authors: Tee Meng-Yee , Jennings Paul H.
Published: March 2024

Chilling injury can be a serious problem during field germination of sensitive crop species. Because heat shock has been shown to induce chilling tolerance of germinating cucumber seeds, an experiment was initiated to determine the effectiveness of other treatments. Cucumber seeds germinated 20 to 24 h were either heat-shocked at 50C for 2 min or treated with ABA or salicylic acid for 4 h. Following treatment, the germinated seeds were chilled at 2C for 96, 120, or 144 h and then incubated at 25C to determine growth effects on the developing root. All treatments induced chilling tolerance compared to the controls, with ABA and heat shock being most effective after chilling. There did not appear to be an additive response when heat shock was used in combination with ABA. The evidence for different treatment mechanisms will be discussed.
The Art of Arabic Instruction for Students in Primary Stage
Authors: Syafaah Daris
Published: March 2024

The objectives of language instruction are informing students with skills that are generally desired. All stages of education have a standard compentence that must be achieved by the teacher. The primary stage is stage for students aged 7-12. They have different characteristics depend on students in higher level. So, the teacher has to pay attention for students when teach Arabic language in this stage.  They must be creative in teaching Arabic language based on teacher’s ability, method, learning strategy, and learning media that are suitable with students caracteristic (students at primary stage).
تعليم اللغة العربيّة باستخدام طريقة الإستجابة الجسدية الكاملة (Total Physical Response) في مركز تطوير اللغة (PPB) بجامعة أنتساري الإسلامية الحكومية بنجرماسين
Authors: أنصار محمد كامل رمّا
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Total Physical Response method in language teaching is a method that aims to determine students' understanding through verbal instruction. Therefore, a teacher needs a method that allows for student fun learn with indepedently and also that can build chemistry between teachers and students. This research Used Classroom Action that consists of four steps: planning, acting, observation and reflection. Subject of this research was students studying in first semester in Center of Developing language at UIN Antasari university in academic year 2018-2019. Result of research indicate that applying of physical response method proven effectively about the improving of Arabic language skill of student in first level. Therefore, it is very important for the language teachers to pay attention of this method in Arabic learning process  and also these findings had implications for the importance of academic policy affirmations from leader university for the development of strategies and methodologies of learning Arabic skills.
فعالية استخدام الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام (دراسة متعددة المواضع في معهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان بليتار ومعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بليتار)
Authors: أمر الله أحمد فكرى
Published: March 2024

الملخص: بحث هذا البحث الظاهرة عن المعهد الإسلامي الذي يملك خلفية إنشائه ومنهجه المختلفة. وتؤثر هذه الظاهرة على  الاهداف المرجو في تعليم اللغة العربية  وتخطيط عملية التعلم فيه. عامة، قد كانت أربع المهارات في تعليم اللغة العربية وهي: مهارة الاستماع والكلام والقراءة والكتابة. وقدرة على أربع المهارات  من الهدف المرجو في تعليم اللغة العربية.  واختلاف المنهج قد يعين الأهداف المرجو وتخطيطه في تكوين المهارة اللغوية. ويهدف تكوين المهارات اللغوية  أن يملك الطلاب قدرة على المهارة اللغوية الأربعة. وقد عمل المعهد الحديث تخطيط التعلم  والبرامج اللغوية  لتكوين المهارات اللغوية بالبرامج الأفضل  وهو "البيئة اللغوية" مثل المهارة المضغطة. وكذلك المعهد السلفي قد يعين تخطيط التعلم وبرامج التعلم لتكوين المهارات اللغوية المضغطة. ومسائل البحث في كتابة هذه رسالة الماجستير هي: 1) كيف تصميم الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد  الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟، 2) كيف تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟، 3) وكيف التقييم من تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟ منهج البحث: تستعمل هذه رسالة الماجستير مدخل البحث الكيفي، وتصميم البحث باستعمال تصميم الدراسة الحالية، ومكان البحث وهو في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان بليتار والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار، وحضور الباحث، وعينة مصادر الحقائق باستعمال عينة كرة الثلج، وطريقة جمع البيانات المستعملة هنا هي: طريقة المشاهدة بأداة المشاهدة، وطريقة المقابلة بأداة المقابلة، وطريقة الوثيقة بأداة إرشادة للواثيقة. وطريقة تحليل البيانات التي تستعمل بثلاثة المراحل وهي تنقيص البيانات وتقديم البيانات واستخلاص البيانات، ثم تفتيش صحة البيانات بإستعمال تطويل أوقات الحضور والمناقشة مع بعض الإخوان وتثليثزرمن هذه النتائج يخلص الباحث:  تطبيق مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي من أضغط المهارة اللغوية فيه. لأنه يشهر بالبيئة اللغوية. ويقتضي تطبيق مهارة الكلام  بأنشطة كثيرة، منها: أنشطة إلقاء المفردة، والمحاضرة، والمطالعة، والمحفوظة، وتعليم النحو وتعليم الصرف، التمثيل المسرحي وعقد محكمة اللغة، والمحادثة وتشجيع اللغة العربية وإصلاح اللغة ولا يوجد في المعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي أنشطة تطبيق الكلام (ياءخذ تخصيب المفردات من كتب الأصفر).
مشاكل المنهج 2013 في تعليم اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية "المنور" تولونج أجونج
Authors: السفاعة دار
Published: March 2024

ملخص: يهدف هذا البحث لتعريف عملية تعليم اللغة العربية ويركز هذا البحث إلى مشاكل تعلم اللغة العربية بالمنهج 2013. ويستخدم هذ البحث الأساسي النظري عن المنهج 2013 ومبادئه. ويستخدم هذا البحث هو البحث النوعي الوصفي. مصادر الحقائق الأساسية هي المدرسون الذين يقومون بتدريس اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية " المنور" تولونج أجونج ويدعم بالحقائق الأخرى كالمراقبة والتوثيق. ويعبر البحث في مبادئ المنهج 2013 الذي قرره  الحكومة كالمنهج الوطني لم يدل على الحصول الأقصى. بسبب وجود العوائق أو المشكلات التي تعوق تنفيذه. مثل استعداد المدرسين، واستعداد الطلاب، والوسائل الموجودة، وقلة الوقت في تعليم اللغة العربية كل أسبوع.
Ҭarīqah Tarjmah al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyah Ilâ al-Lugah al-Indûněsiyah Min Khilâl al-Tahlīl al-Taqâbuliy
Authors: Tandi Wahyuddin Wahyu
Published: March 2024

The aims of this study are: Knowing the method of translating arabic language to indonesian language and knowing the strategy of translating arabic language to indonesian language. The approach used is descriptive qualitative approach, data sources are books, journals and research results that contain translation theory and are relevant to the theme of this study, the instrument used is documentation. In analyzing the data, Miles and Huberman's theory was used, namely: collecting data, selecting relevant data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are: There are many differences between arabic language and indonesian language, in the translation method there are several things that must be considered in relation to constructive studies, including: comparing the two in terms of syntax, for example in terms of suitability between subject and predicate, structural differences, comparison of shapes and types of letters and their meanings. In addition, there are several strategies for translating, including: Differences in the structure of the two require adaptation in translation, for example: active sentence is translated as passive voice and vice versa, active sentence is translated as passive voice, masdar  sometimes is translated as a verb, additional letters are not translated, and kana wa akwatuha are sometimes not translated to indonesian language.
Manhaj Muqtaroh Lita’lîm Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyyah Min Hilãli An-Nadhõir Al-Mukhõdi’ah Baina Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyah Wa Al-Lughah As-Sundãwiyah
Authors: Mursalin Hisan
Published: March 2024

The curriculum is the basis of success for a student. Good teaching and learning outcomes depend on the curriculum that students learn at the school. Therefore this study aims to build a proposed curriculum for teaching Arabic, by considering the aspects that are followed in building the proposed curriculum, and the researcher uses a descriptive analytical approach and is applied in this study based on the analysis of words that are close to Arabic. , collecting information and data related to research, and then analyzing it to identify similarities seen from the vocabulary that approaches it or in other words, seen from the correlation. The study will yield important results, with the existence of a large number of similarities between Arabic and Sundanese in the Sundanese dictionary of Raden Satjadibrata, namely sixty-two words.
إستراتيجيات التقييم الأصيل (Authentic Assessment) في تعليم مهارة القراءة بالمنهج الدراسي 2013 (دراسة متعددة المواقع في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية الأولى بتولونج أجونج والمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية الثانية بتولونج أجونج)
Authors: Zunaidah Anis
Published: March 2024

وفقا لبعض الملاحظات والبحوث عن تعليم اللغة العربية، كثير من الطلاب الذين قد تخرجوا من المدارس لا يزالون أن يشعروا بالصعوبة في قراءة النصوص العربية سواء كان النص من الكتب العربية أو الجرائد العربية أو المجلات العربية أو مواقع الويب العربية أو غير ذلك. من بين العوامل التي تؤثر تأثيراً هي ضعف التقييم. فالتقييم الأصيل الذي يتصف شاملا ذو أهمية كبيرة لتطبيقه في تعليم مهارة القراءة. أهداف هذا البحث هي لمعرفة تخطيط التقييم الأصيل بالمنهج الدراسي 2013 في تعليم مهارة القراءة وتطبيقه وتجهيزه وتقريره واستفاداته. منهج البحث هو المدخل الكيفي بنوع البحث الوصفي. نتائج البحث تدل أن تخطيط التقييم الأصيل بالمنهج الدراسي 2013 في تعليم مهارة القراءة في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية الأولى بتولونج أجونج والمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية الثانية بتولونج أجونج بتخريط الكفاءة الصميمة (KI) والكفاءة الأساسية (KD) وفقا للخطة العامة والموضوع والوقت؛ المؤشر وفقا للخطة العامة؛ أوزان الأسئلة وفقا للموافقة MGMP؛ أدوات التقييم وفقا للدليل؛ ومقياس النجاح الأقلّ وفقا للسياسة لكل المدرسة. وأما تطبيقه فهو بأسلوب تقييم الموقف والمعرفة والمهارة وهناك الإصلاح. تجهيز وتقرير نتيجته بالتجهيز الرقمي والتجهيز الوصفي. التقرير يبُدأ بجمع قيمة المادة إلى وليّ الفصل؛ الإجتماع بين مساعد رئيس المدرسة والمدرّسين؛ التقرير إلى الوالد بتقديم 3 أنواع النتائج مفارقةً (قيمة المعرفة والمهارة والموقف). استفاداته عند المدرّس هي كفرصة مركزة في العملية والمهارة والصدق، والتقاط المفردات والقواعد؛ عند الطالب كإعطاء الدافع في التعلّم وشجع قراءة النصّ العربيّ وتحسين النفس؛ عند الوالد كمعرفة الكفاءة الولد حقيقةً، كالمعيار لتحسين نقص الولد، وكالمعيار لتعيين الدراسة التالية.
Narrative and Semiotic Analysis on Hajj and Social Issues in Mecca I'm Coming Movie
Authors: Ali Ahmad Jum'a Khatib Nur , Siddiq Mohammad
Published: March 2024

The research aimed to find out how the narrative and language signs of Hajj correlate with social issues in the Mecca I’m Coming movie. In Indonesian society, Hajj, as one of the Islamic pillars, was not only associated with religious values but also socio-cultural aspects. The research employed a textual approach, incorporating two analytical theories: narrative structure and semiotic signification. The narrative structure model by Lacey and Gilespie was used to ascertain the narrative structure, while Ferdinand de Saussure’s concept of signification was applied to investigate the meanings of the research object. Stuart Hall’s circuit of culture, referred to as the framework analysis model, deepens the study of the research data. The research data were visuals and verbal information related to Hajj and its connection with social issues. The result shows that the object has equilibrium, disruption, disruption (complication), climax, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium narrative structure. The correlation of Hajj and the social issues featured in the film is (1) Hajj as social status; (2) the portrayal of Hajj status as a favored choice for marriage that intensifies in the unfolding of the story’s plot, leading to conflicts and complex situation; lastly (3) the issues of the social media phenomena in the community that appears in a secondary plot in the story through two figures; Bagyo and Tuti.
Rola sumienności w religijno-moralnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłych
Authors: Śmiałek Sebastian
Published: March 2024

Według Pięcioczynnikowego Modelu Osobowości autorstwa P. Costy i R. McCrae osoba sumienna charakteryzuje się silną wolą, jest zmotywowana do działania, wytrwała i obowiązkowa. Wszystkie te predyspozycje można wykorzystać także w sferze religijno-moralnej. Okresem rozwojowym, który obfituje w zadania wymagające sumienności, a jednocześnie stanowi okazję do dokonywania wyborów moralnych i religijnych jest okres wczesnej dorosłości.
Celem niniejszego artykułu było zaprezentowanie roli, jaką sumienność może pełnić w moralno-religijnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłych. W pracy zestawiono w sposób teoretyczny sumienność jako cechę osobowości ze zdolnościami moralnymi i religijnymi charakterystycznymi dla osób znajdujących się w okresie wczesnej dorosłości. W tym celu zastosowano analizę jakościową w oparciu o teorie naukowe z dziedziny psychologii oraz wyniki badań socjologicznych i psychologicznych. Zestawienie to dało podstawy do sformułowania wniosku, iż sumienność łączy się z aspektem moralno-religijnym, a jej czynniki, takie jak obowiązkowość i samodyscyplina, mogą pomagać w religijno-moralnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłych. Obowiązkowość może wspierać jednostkę w dążeniu do spójności pomiędzy wyznawanymi normami a podejmowanymi decyzjami. Samodyscyplina pozwala realizować te normy, zwłaszcza gdy osoba musi konfrontować je z innymi życiowymi wyzwaniami. Otwiera to także pole do dalszych badań oraz do tworzenia skutecznych form pomocy w realizacji zadań rozwojowych w okresie wczesnej dorosłości.
ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНІ ЕФЕКТИ АЛЬФА-ЛІПОЄВОЇ КИСЛОТИ У ПАЦІЄНТОК ПОСТМЕНОПАУЗАЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ЦУКРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПУ ТА ОСТЕОАРТРОЗОМ ТА ЇЇ ВПЛИВ НА ГІПЕРВІСФАТІНЕМІЮ
Authors: Журавльова Лариса , Шевченко Валентина
Published: March 2024

α-Ліпоєва кислота знайшла широке застосування в багатьох терапевтичних напрямках. Поряд з іншими засобами вона є важливою частиною світової боротьбі з діабетом, що наразі доволі широко оприлюднено, в той час як її дія на адипоцитокіновий статус, в т.ч. на рівень вісфатіну, та на клінічні прояви остеоартрозу у жінок, особливо в період менопаузи, потребує подальшого вивчення.
Мета дослідження. Оцінити вплив запропонованої схеми терапії з використанням α-ліпоєвої кислоти на показники метаболізму, рівень вісфатіну, а також на клінічні прояви остеоартрозу у пацієнток постменопаузального віку з цукровим діабетом 2 типу та остеоартрозом.
Матеріали та методи. Для дослідження було відібрано 44 жінки відповідного віку з цукровим діабетом 2 типу та остеоартрозом, які були розподілені на 2 рівні групи: пацієнтки, що додатково приймали α-ліпоєву кислоту та ті, що її не приймали. Добова доза α-ліпоєвої кислоти становила 600 мг протягом 3 місяців. Визначення рівня вісфатіну у сироватці крові пацієнток проводили імуноферментним методом на аналізаторі «Labline-90» (Австрія). Проведено оцінку показників ліпідного та вуглеводного обміну, клінічних проявів остеоартрозу (шкала ВАШ та WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis Index)).
Результати. Виявлено, що пацієнтки, які отримували α-ліпоєву кислоту, мали значно нижчі показники за шкалою ВАШ та WOMAC після лікування, ніж у групі контролю (р<0,05). Після проведення терапії спостерігалося достовірне поліпшення загальних показників глюкозо-інсулінового обміну, але найбільш вірогідні зміни відзначались у жінок, що приймали α-ліпоєву кислоту. Так, виявлено значно нижчі рівні інсуліну крові як порівняно зі значенням до лікування (відповідно 21,5±4,4 та 31,3 ± 3,1 мкМО/мл, р<0,05), так і порівняно до даних контрольної групи після лікування (29,4±1,2 мкМО/мл, р=0,03). У жінок 1 групи відмічено статистично значуще зменшення рівня вісфатіну після 12 тижнів комплексної терапії з додаванням α-ліпоєвої кислоти (від 5,5 ± 1,0 нг/мл до 5,06 ± 1,0 нг/мл (p<0,001)).
Висновки. Виявлено позитивний вплив 12-тижневого курсу прийому альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти на параметри глюкозо-інсулінового обміну, ліпідного обміну, рівнів вісфатіну та клінічних показників прояву остеоартрозу у жінок постменопаузального віку з цукровим діабетом 2 типу та остеоартрозом. Обґрунтовано доцільність застосування альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти як додаткового компоненту комплексної терапії жінок постменопаузального віку з цукровим діабетом 2 типу та остеоартрозом.
ПОСТТРАВМАТИЧНИЙ СТРЕСОВИЙ РОЗЛАД, МЕТАБОЛІЧНИЙ СИНДРОМ І ХРОНІЧНЕ ЗАПАЛЕННЯ НИЗЬКОЇ ІНТЕНСИВНОСТІ: НАРАТИВНИЙ ОГЛЯД
Authors: Сергієнко Вікторія , Сегін Володимир , Сергієнко Людмила , Сергієнко Олександр
Published: March 2024

Останнім часом значна увага приділяється пошуку і з’ясуванню особливостей взаємозв’язків між метаболічними захворюваннями та психічними розладами, зокрема посттравматичним стресовим розладом (ПТСР), який може бути фактором ризику метаболічного синдрому (МС). MС та ПТСР часто є коморбідними захворюваннями і мають спільні нейробіологічні та клінічні ознаки. Повідомляється про більшу поширеність МС у пацієнтів з ПТСР порівняно із загальною популяцією. В той же час, ПТСР є відомим фактором ризику розвитку МС. Цей збіг можна частково пояснити залученням спільних патогенетичних механізмів. Зокрема, патофізіологічні порушення індивідуальної адаптації до стресу здатні підвищувати вразливість до метаболічних дисфункцій, які, в свою чергу, сприяють психопатологічним змінам в посттравматичний період. Підхід до ПТСР і МС як до системних станів, що включають дисфункцію гіпоталамо-гіпофізарно-адреналової осі, хронічного запалення низької інтенсивності та інших метаболічних порушень, а також значний психологічний тягар, має важливі наслідки з точки зору медичних проблем та прогнозу захворювань. Хронічне запалення низької інтенсивності пов’язане з впливом травми, незалежно від психіатричного діагнозу, а також з ПТСР та його висококоморбідними станами, такими як MС. Цей наративний огляд має на меті обговорити значення і особливості взаємозв’язків між ПТРС, МС і хронічним запаленням низької інтенсивності. Розглянуті результати епідеміологічних, експериментальних і клінічних випробувань, а також питання особливостей спільних патогенетичних ланок, зокрема, значення хронічного запалення низької інтенсивності і порушень функціонального стану гіпоталамо-гіпофізарно-адреналової осі. Стратегія пошуку. Пошук проводився в Scopus, Science Direct (від Elsevier) і PubMed, включно з базами даних Medline.
Development of a Medical Social Media Ethics Scale and Assessment of #IRad, #CardioTwitter, and #MedTwitter Posts: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mlambo Vongai Christine , Keller Eric , Mussatto Caroline , Hwang Gloria
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Social media posts by clinicians are not bound by the same rules as peer-reviewed publications, raising ethical concerns that have not been extensively characterized or quantified.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to develop a scale to assess ethical issues on medical social media (SoMe) and use it to determine the prevalence of these issues among posts with 3 different hashtags: #MedTwitter, #IRad, and #CardioTwitter.

METHODS

A scale was developed based on previous descriptions of professionalism and validated via semistructured cognitive interviewing with a sample of 11 clinicians and trainees, interrater agreement, and correlation of 100 posts. The final scale assessed social media posts in 6 domains. This was used to analyze 1500 Twitter posts, 500 each from the 3 hashtags. Analysis of posts was limited to original Twitter posts in English made by health care professionals in North America. The prevalence of potential issues was determined using descriptive statistics and compared across hashtags using the Fisher exact and χ2 tests with Yates correction.

RESULTS

The final scale was considered reflective of potential ethical issues of SoMe by participants. There was good interrater agreement (Cohen κ=0.620, P<.01) and moderate to strong positive interrater correlation (=0.602, P<.001). The 6 scale domains showed minimal to no interrelation (Cronbach α=0.206). Ethical concerns across all hashtags had a prevalence of 1.5% or less except the conflict of interest concerns on #IRad, which had a prevalence of 3.6% (n=18). Compared to #MedTwitter, posts with specialty-specific hashtags had more patient privacy and conflict of interest concerns.

CONCLUSIONS

The SoMe professionalism scale we developed reliably reflects potential ethical issues. Ethical issues on SoMe are rare but important and vary in prevalence across medical communities.
Visual impairment is associated with daily internet use among older Japanese individuals: Cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Hiratsuka Yoshimune , Takesue Atsuhide , Kondo Katsunori , Aida Jun , Nakagomi Atsushi , Nakao Shintaro
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Given the health benefits of Internet use among older adults, inadequate use of the Internet is an urgent public health issue in many countries.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine whether visual impairment is associated with Internet use in a population-based sample of older adults.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study sourced data for the year 2016 from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). It included community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years (n =19,452 ) in Japan. We used multivariate logistic regression with multiple imputations to analyze visual status, daily Internet use, and any correlations between them.

RESULTS

We observed that 4,599 (23.6%) of respondents used the Internet almost daily. Even after adjusting for several covariates, significant associations persisted between visual status and daily Internet usage. The odds ratios (ORs) tended to increase as visual status improved (P for trend < .001). The adjusted ORs for individuals with excellent and very good visual status who used the Internet almost daily were 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20‒1.54) and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.14‒1.35), respectively. Conversely, the adjusted OR for those with fair/poor visual status was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.63‒0.88).

CONCLUSIONS

Visual impairment negatively impacted the daily use of the Internet by older adults. This highlights the need to address visual impairments to promote Internet use as healthcare services become more easily accessed online.
Innovative Approaches for Developing Digital Behavioral Health Interventions: A Case Study for Navigating Challenges in Technology, Skills, and Resources (Preprint)
Authors: Harrision Lauren E. , Webster Sarah N. , Choate Ellison , Jehl Nicole , Darnall Beth D. , Stinson Jennifer N. , Wicksell Rikard K , Simons Laura E
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Digital behavioral health interventions provide unprecedented opportunities to increase access to evidence-based treatment but are time-consuming and expensive to develop. Research has identified lack of technical knowledge and skills within the research team, as well as lack of understanding of the product design cycle used in software development, as significant barriers in the development process. Combining agile research methods with an agile development process can facilitate a rapid, iterative, scientifically rigorous, development of digital behavioral interventions, and offers a promising approach to address these barriers. Also, low-cost, no-or low-code platforms to house the intervention, and free online tools to support the development of visual aspects of the intervention, offer possibilities that may be key to successful development yet unknown to many clinical researchers. Here we present a case study of our process developing a digital behavioral intervention using the mHealth Agile Development and Lifecycle, a framework to guide continuous, iterative, user-centered development. Barriers encountered in the development process as well as strategies to address them are discussed, including the utilization of a low-cost, no-code platform and other free or low-cost online tools. Recently established frameworks and methodologies for development together with widely available inexpensive web-based platforms provide important opportunities to accelerate the development of evidence-based digital behavioral health interventions.
Predicting the Intention to Adhere to Hypertensive Medication among Seniors: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Widyakusuma Niken Nur , Suryawati Sri , Probosuseno  , Wiedyaningsih Chairun
Published: March 2024

Non-adherence to hypertension treatment is a wide problem, especially among senior citizens. Several approaches are needed to improve adherence, including identifying and prioritizing problems related to adherence. A formative study employing Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has revealed some salient beliefs underlying the intention to adhere to hypertension medication among seniors. To be the priority in a medication adherence strategy, the correlation of these beliefs on adherence needs to be further investigated. This study aims to determine which beliefs correlate most to the intention to hypertension medication adherence among seniors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to seniors with hypertension in Yogyakarta and its surroundings. A questionnaire based on TPB was developed and utilized in this study. The questionnaire was distributed conveniently through two senior communities (offline) as well as Google Form link to some WhatsApp group of seniors (online) during September-October 2023. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. Thirty-seven seniors completed the offline questionnaire, and 60 seniors completed the online questionnaire. The age of participants was 64.70 ± 7.123 years. Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control accounted significantly (p<0.001) for 59,3% of the variance in the adherence intention, but not attitude. Perceived behavioral control had the strongest correlation on intention. Participants’ beliefs of knowing how high their blood pressure was had the highest correlation to perceived behavioral control. Understanding which belief correlates most with intention to adherence provides insight to develop strategy to improve adherence among seniors.
Cytotoxicity of quercetin and curcumin combination against HeLa cells line
Authors: Agitohutomo Muhammad , Edityaningrum Citra Ariani , Utari Dina , Desvita Widea Rossi , Aristiani Windi , Nurani Laela Hayu
Published: March 2024

Curcumin and quercetin combination are potential candidates for anticancer. Previous studies reported this combination active against several cancer cells including breast cancer, myeloid leukemia, and melanoma. However, the activity of this combination against cervical cancer has not been reported, yet. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the combination of curcumin and quercetin against HeLa and Vero cells. MTT assay was applied to evaluate cell growth inhibition. The inhibitory 50% concentration (IC50) of curcumin and quercetin on HeLa and Vero cells was determined and the selectivity index (SI) was then calculated. Combination index (CI) was calculated after evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the curcumin and quercetin combination at various concentration of 1 IC50, ½ IC50, and ¼ IC50. The IC50 of the curcumin against the HeLa and Vero cells were 26.57 ± 2.00 μM and 73.89 ± 12.93 μM with a SI of 2.78. Whereas the IC50 of the quercetin against the HeLa and Vero cells were 149.52 ± 21.09 μM and 1094.47 ± 15.68 μM with a SI of 7.32. The CI of combinations of curcumin and quercetin at concentrations of ¼ IC50 was 0.78 indicating a mild-moderate synergistic effect, whereas the combination at a concentration of 1 IC50 or ½ IC50, the CI value was >0.9 indicating an antagonistic effect.
Intersecting Realities: Exploring Partition Narratives
Authors: Kumar N Ashok , Khan Dr. P Sartaj
Published: March 2024

The present study investigates the representation of Partition narratives in literary novels. This study focuses on important works that attempt to disentangle the complex relationships between space and narrative in the representation of the 1947 Partition of India, including "Train to Pakistan" by Khushwant Singh, "Azadi" by Chaman Nahal, "The Shadow Lines" by Amitav Ghosh, and "A Bend in the Ganges" by Manohar Malgonkar. This study attempts to elucidate how these writers employ geographical dimensions to portray the socio-political complexity, personal experiences, and communal memories connected to Partition using a multidimensional approach. The research will examine how spaces—both real and imagined—become effective means of expressing themes such as trauma, identity crises, displacement, and the search for belonging in the face of Partition's chaos. This study aims to offer light on the various viewpoints and voices present in Partition literature by investigating the relationship between space and narrative devices like setting, imagery, and symbolism. By closely examining the text and applying critical interpretation, it aims to provide fresh perspectives on how literary representation might influence readers' comprehension of historical events and human experiences. By clarifying the ways in which spatial dynamics and narrative techniques interact to produce rich and complex representations of one of the most important periods in South Asian history, this study ultimately seeks to further the conversation on Partition literature.