bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approaches to assess the impact of nanoparticles on the human body
Authors: Kashuba Nikolay A.
Published: October 2020

The analysis of the behavior of nanoparticles in aerosols, their aerodynamic peculiarities and interaction with microparticles was made. The features of nanoparticle cumulation in the air of the working area of industrial premises during the working day, as well as during two, or three-shifts working day are studied; the features of the nanoparticles aggregation in aerosol with their subsequent degeneration into microparticles and further sedimentation are examined. The features of the transcutaneous entry of nanoparticles into a human body are considered. It was pointed out that nanoparticles of various sizes can differ in their physicochemical properties, and, correspondingly, their influence on biological systems. Therefore, it is shown that in order to establish the toxicological hazard of nanoparticles, it is necessary to establish the most sensitive system and weight concentrations of nanoparticles, as well as their most dangerous size range, i.e. it is necessary to take into account the dispersion distribution of nanoparticles. It was demonstrated that the solubility of micro- and nanoparticles can be crucial for assessing their influence on the body in case of the body transcutaneous entry or by inhalation. Possible approaches to assessing the intensity of the effect of nanoparticles on the human body are considered. New methodological approaches to assessing the effect of nanoparticles on the human body are proposed. The complexity and features of the regulation of nanoparticles in the air of the working area are described. It has been proposed to take into account the value of the “absorbed dose” while assessing the effect of aerosols containing micro- and nanoparticles.
Analysis of the epidemic situation of tick-borne viral encephalitis in the Republic of Altai in 2000-2017
Authors: Saldan I. P. , Shirokostup Sergey V. , Lukyanenko N. V. , Balandovich B. A.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The Republic of Altai is one of the regions of the Siberian Federal District endemic for tick-borne encephalitis with high altitude mountain belts with characteristic landscape and climatic conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis in the Republic of Altai from 2000 to 2017. Material and methods. In conducting a retrospective epidemiological study, data from sanitary-epidemiological and medical services for 2000-2017 were used. Statistical data processing was carried out with the software “Statistica 12.0”, the construction and analysis of cartograms - with the software ArcGIS. Results. The average long-term incidence rate of this infection in the period from 2000 to 2017 amounted to 21.7 ± 0.76 0/0000, which is 2.2 times higher than the similar indexby for the SFO (10.1 ± 0.23 0/0000). The number of persons affected by tick infestation in the period from 2000 to 2017 increased 3.5 times from 517.7 ± 15.95 0/0000 to 1810.5 ± 28.62 0/0000, respectively (p <0.001). Ranking on the level of the average long-term incidence allowed identifying three groups of the potential risk of infection of the population. Discussion. The factor analysis revealed the presence of an inverse correlation between the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis and the levels of seroprophylaxis (r = -0.93), acaricidal treatments (r = -0.95), vaccination (r = -0.10). The calculated levels of these factors were determined according to the results of the construction of spatial models of their mutual influences, capable of reducing the number of cases in the region to 6 per year. Conclusion. An analysis of the epidemic situation based on factor analysis and spatial modeling of the mutual influence of factors made it possible to determine the necessary volumes of preventive measures to reduce the incidence of the population to a given level. Such a calculation may be applicable in an endemic region to ensure the medical and economic effectiveness of preventive measures.
Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals
Authors: Setko N. P. , Setko A. G. , Bulycheva Ekaterina V. , Tyurin A. V. , Kalinina E. Yu.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.
Watching TV Through Your Ears
Authors: Tor-Carroggio Irene , Rovira-Esteva Sara
Published: October 2020

Since 2010 the provision of audio description is legally required on TV in Spain. The objective of this study was threefold: to investigate the current state of the media accessibility services of Catalan-language broadcasters for viewers with sight loss in relation to current legislation; to assess user satisfaction with these services; and to gather feedback from users on non-professional services. According to our results broadcasters fail to comply with the law in terms of quantity, although users are fairly satisfied with the quality offered and are willing to explore new approaches for AD provision.
TRADING RULES ON A SMALL STOCK MARKET
Authors: Gunnlaugsson Stefán B.
Published: October 2020

In this article, the results of an extensive study of the weak form efficiency of the Iceland stock market are presented. This study almost covers the market’s entire history, with the research starting at the beginning of 1993 and ending in July 2017. Four trading rules based on 70-day moving averages were constructed and compared with the passive investment strategy of buying the market index. All of these trading rules provided significantly better returns than the passive strategy, even when considering trading costs. This result indicates that the Icelandic stock market did not show weak form efficiency, and past returns predicted future returns during the period examined.
WHERE DOES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY STAND IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABILITY?
Authors: Panta Nancy Diana
Published: October 2020

The business competitive landscape of today is shaped by new challenges. In order to outperform their peers, companies seek to seize opportunities and manage the risks associated with the challenges that arise. To this adds the pressure of societies on organizations to be more transparent, ethical and responsible. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability come in response to this increasing demand of societies by being a pivotal tool in the business area. Organizations of the 21st century can no longer ignore CSR and sustainability and should follow the steps of integrating them across all departments as part of their strategic policy. Sustainable organizations are required to direct their interest beyond the economical factor and extend their goals towards environmental and social aspects. By integrating environmental and social concerns in the daily operations of a company, new models of doing business emerge and a synergy with various stakeholder groups takes place. Although a significant amount of attention has been headed towards the conceptualisation of CSR and sustainability, they both remain contested concepts. Therefore, the present paper depicts the effort to follow the emergence and conceptualization of CSR and sustainability from their origins, to introduce the changing meaning of CSR and to bridge the gap between the two concepts. Through literature review, the paper will provide relevant theoretical underpinnings that link CSR and sustainability.
YORUBA CULTURE AND LEADERSHIP STYLE IN NIGERIAN ORGANISATION
Authors: Vincent Bello Deva , Iguisi Osarumwense V.
Published: October 2020

Culture and leadership research in the last decade witnessed a general upsurge. Empirical studies that determined the scores of the subgroup cultures and examined leadership styles and preferences in Nigeria, have not been exhaustively carried out. This study therefore examined subgroup cultures and leadership styles in Nigerian organizations. Due to the structure of most Nigerian public organizations which are characterized by multi-ethnic groups with heterogeneous cultural beliefs, this study examined the differences in the Hofstede’s culture dimensions’ scores, leadership styles and preferences among Yoruba subgroup in Nigeria with focus on Power Distance and Individualism/Collectivism. Survey research design was adopted, making use of questionnaire for data collection. The study made use of 345 members of staff purposively selected from among the Yoruba subgroups in the Central Bank of Nigeria Headquarters in Abuja. The data generated from the structured questionnaire were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for descriptive statistics. Hofstede’s culture dimensions of power distance and individualism/collectivism were computed using the Value Survey Module (VSM) developed by Hofstede. This study found that there is a high power distance among the Yoruba subgroup, and the leadership style preferred by the Yoruba’s is the democratic style of leadership and that the Yoruba subgroup is a collectivistic society.
EMPLOYERS’ ASSESSMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE GRADUATES FROM NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Odia Edith Onowe , Imasuen Benedicta Okaima
Published: October 2020

In view of deteriorating quality of graduates from Nigerian tertiary institutions, this study sought to determine employers’ assessment of management science graduates on key employability skills. The study involves the administration of questionnaires by means of convenience sampling on 680 employers of management science graduates in public and private sectors in Edo/Delta States. T-test and ANOVA were used to analyse data. Notwithstanding the age difference, the result obtained shows that employers rated the graduates of management sciences as slightly ‘fair’. Notably, employers in the private sector rated management graduates higher and more positively than their counterparts in the public sector. Additionally, the employers in the present study described management science graduates as reliable, employable and hardworking. It was recommended that the quality of management science graduates can be improved by placing emphasis on increased funding, infrastructural development, and educator-employer based curriculum which focuses on practical skills, as well as the reactivation of industrial attachment in the Nigerian universities. On the side of the employers, investment in the orientation and training of new entrants into work organization should not be neglected.
PRO AND AGAINST INFORMAL ECONOMY
Authors: Stan Lavinia , Stefanescu Florica
Published: October 2020

The informal economy is a reality that influences the lives of people directly at the planetary level.The term "informal economy" is used to include all workers and businesses in rural or urban areas working in the informal environment. It is emphasized that informal employees are not able to be recognized and defended by the legal regulations in force.The global changes in the field of information and communication technologies have generated increased labor market competitiveness. Under these circumstances, there has been a more flexible relationship between employees and employers. The main purpose of the article is to examine the pros and cons of the informal economy. Knowing these arguments can be a source of effective measures aimed at counteracting the negative effects that such activities may have.Simultaneously encompasses a theoretical approach to the informal economy, describing areas where it is highlighted, the factors that generate it, its dimensions, the theories put forward by the various economically-specific schools describing this concept, research methods.
Implementación del Juego como Estrategia para Superar la Matefobia y Propiciar el Interés por el Aprendizaje de las Matemáticas
Authors: Núñez García Eno Francisco
Published: October 2020

El estudio que se presenta está estructurado por IV capítulos. En cada capítulo, al inicio, se hace una breve descripción para facilitar la comprensión de su contenido. Además, cada uno de los capítulos va dirigido a dar respuesta a los objetivos que se plantearon en este estudio de caso, siendo el objetivo general: lograr la superación de la matefobia y el interés hacia las Matemáticas a través de la implementación del juego como estrategia; y los objetivos específi cos son: identifi car las actitudes positivas y de rechazo que tienen los alumnos para el aprendizaje de las Matemáticas; conocer los factores que inciden en el aprendizaje de las Matemáticas; analizar las actitudes de los estudiantes frente a las Matemáticas divertidas; describir los juegos que pueden utilizarse como estrategia para superar la matefobia y conocer las percepciones y opiniones de los estudiantes acerca de la implementación del juego como estrategia. Para poder satisfacer las exigencias de los objetivos se procedió a idear seis fases que fueron propuestas para cumplir de forma específi ca los requerimientos de cada propósito enriqueciendo de forma positiva, cada fase, a la conformación del trabajo que se presenta.
Gestión del tiempo de los equipos de gestión educativa en República Dominicana
Authors: Morales Romero Daniel
Published: October 2020

Esta investigación tomó ventaja de la Evaluación Diagnóstica de Media, realizada en el 2013, dondeencontró varios factores del uso y de gestión del tiempo que están relacionados con los aprendizajesde los estudiantes. Usando pruebas de diferencia de medias y análisis de regresión, se consiguieronrelaciones entre la asignación del tiempo del director a reuniones, actividades en el centro educativo y sobrela frecuencia de actividades de acompañamiento con indicadores de aprendizaje. Los resultados parecensugerir que los directores que son más efectivos, realizando tareas administrativas, son los que usan eltiempo de manera más efectiva en diversas actividades diferenciadas.
FORJANDO LA CONCIENCIA AMBIENTAL: Actitud proambiental e interacción con la naturaleza en estudiantes de nivel primario
Authors: Vásquez Sánchez Eddy Frank
Published: October 2020

Promover sociedades capaces de asumir actitudes ycomportamientos amigables con el medio ambientees uno de los grandes retos de la educación enel siglo XXI (UNESCO, 2005). Teniendo en cuentaesta premisa, se llevó a cabo el presente estudio através de un diseño metodológico no experimentalde enfoque cuantitativo y transeccional, con unalcance descriptivo y correlacional, con el objetivode determinar la relación existente entre el grado deinteracción con la naturaleza y el nivel de actitudesproambientales que manifiestan los estudiantes deprimaria del Centro Educativo Politécnico Virgen dela Altagracia. Para cumplir con dicho propósito, seempleó una muestra de 40 estudiantes de diversosgrados de primaria, a quienes se les aplicó la Escalade Actitudes Proambientales (EAPA) y el Cuestionariode Interacción con la Naturaleza. Entre los hallazgosse evidenció que existe una relación altamentesignificativa entre el grado de interacción con lanaturaleza y el nivel de actitudes proambientalesde dichos estudiantes; lo que permite resaltar laimportancia de eficientes mecanismos de educaciónambiental en el sistema educativo.
Actitudes respecto a la atención a la diversidad en estudiantes de educación de la provincia de Santo Domingo
Authors: Miguel Ángel González Dotel
Published: October 2020

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las actitudes que presentan los estudiantes de Educación respecto a la atención a la diversidad, como parte de su trabajo en los salones de clases de la provincia de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana. Para la recolección de información se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo de tipo no experimental con diseño fenomenológico. Los participantes fueron estudiantes universitarios de las licenciaturas de Educación que hayan cursado la asignatura de Atención a la Diversidad o materias afines. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia de 13 estudiantes de distintas universidades de la provincia de Santo Domingo y se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada de preguntas abiertas elaborada por el investigador. Entre los principales hallazgos de la investigación se obtuvo que los estudiantes tienen la disposición de atender a la diversidad en los salones de clases, pues lo consideran su deber. No obstante, mostraron resistencia en lo que respecta a la educación inclusiva por las debilidades que tiene el sistema educativo dominicano como la sobrepoblación de las aulas, pocos recursos, escasa participación familiar y pobre capacitación docente; además de que los estudiantes de educación tienen poco o ningún manejo del lenguaje sin discriminación.
COVID-19 dynamical evolution prediction in Mexico, decision making and social implementation: mid/low income countries study
Authors: Fernandez-Erana Saasil , Fernandez-Erana Labna , Fernandez-Guasti Manuel
Published: October 2020

A normal distribution approach is implemented to predict the evolution of the COVID-19 epidemic. The fit to the COVID-19 daily cases in Mexico, in the rising stage of the epidemic, is a very good continuous approximation to the data with R2 = 0.976. The derivative of this function provides a measure of the increase/decrease or acceleration of new cases per day that are otherwise buried in the noise of the raw data. The predictions are depicted in a novel 3D way, so as to convey the evolution of the forecasts as data becomes available. The estimations are in accordance within standard deviation, with the logistic and Gompertz functions fitted to the corresponding epidemic models. This scheme can be used to model the epidemic and use it as an ancillary for decision making at a municipal or regional level. Simplicity with robust prediction is favoured, so that the model can be understood and implemented by local government advisors or personnel not familiar with specialized statistical methods.
Az Európai Unió és Kína: a kiegyensúlyozott kereskedelmi kapcsolatok feltételei
Authors: Rácz Tamás , Farkas Beáta
Published: October 2020

Az Európai Unió meghatározó kereskedelmi partnere Kína, azonban az uniós külgazdasági stratégiában az utóbbi időben hangsúlyosabbá váltak a gazdasági kapcsolatokkal járó kockázatok és geopolitikai megfontolások. Ez a tanulmány többváltozós lineáris regresszió alkalmazásával tárja fel, hogy az OECD-országok tapasztalatai alapján mely tényezők játszanak meghatározó szerepet abban, hogy a Kínával szembeni importkitettség elkerülhető legyen. Az 1992 és 2018 közötti adatok alapján elvégzett elemzés megerősíti azoknak a tényezőknek a hatását, amelyeket a szakirodalom relevánsnak tart az importkitettség szempontjából. Legnagyobb magyarázóerőt a szabadkereskedelmi megállapodások száma, valamint a közepes és csúcstechnológiájú termékek ipari termelésben elfoglalt arányának növekedési üteme mutatott. Az EU számára ez azzal a tanulsággal jár, hogy egyrészt a jelenlegi protekcionista világtendenciák ellenére érdemes kitartania a szabályalapú szabadkereskedelmi kapcsolatok mellett, másrészt egy sikeresen megvalósított iparpolitikai stratégia döntő jelentőségű a kiegyensúlyozott kínai kereskedelmi kapcsolatok szempontjából.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Use of Antibiotic by Medical Students : A Cross Sectional Pilot Study on Para-clinical Students in HFRCMC
Authors: Nasir M , Perveen R A , Farha N , Ahmed M
Published: October 2020

The prevalence of self -medication with antibiotics is quite high in developing countries as opposed to developed countries due to easy availability and poor regulatory controls for selling these drugs. Antibiotics are often taken erroneously for certain ailments, without having the appropriate knowledge of their use. This carries potential risks for the individual as well as the community, in form of several side effects such as antibiotic resistance. Therefore the prevalence of self-medicated antibiotics in developing countries needs to be studied. To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic usage among undergraduate medical students, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka. Total 150 students of third and fourth year MBBS were included in the study. Data was collected using self-administered pre-tested questionnaires ensuring before the teaching sessions on antibiotics in MBBS curriculum to evaluate the unbiased response of the participants. Almost 90% of the respondents wrongly believed to treat common cold most of the time by antibiotic. About 77% students were uncertain about the treatment outcome due to injudicious use of antibiotics. Almost 70% respondents strongly disagreed about development of antibiotic resistance due to skipping 1-2 doses. About 62% students believed that more than one antibiotic combination might reduce the adverse effects of single antibiotic. Only 46% participants think they had individual role in antibiotic resistance. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among the medical students was high despite the awareness of adverse effects. The study showed remarkable lack of awareness of medical students at para-clinical phase regarding individual role and use of antibiotic in development of resistance. The academic input of knowledge and course content of Pharmacology may contribute in the improvement of attitude and practice, which should be evaluated in follow up studies.
Pendekatan bermain untuk meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah permainan bola voli
Authors: Pamungkas Primadi
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah permainan bola voli. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Siklus I dilakukan sebanyak dua kali pertemuan dan siklus II satu kali pertemuan. Subjek adalah siswa kelas VIII C di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Depok yang berjumlah 31 siswa terdiri dari 17 siswa laki-laki dan 14 siswa perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah RPP untuk 2 siklus, lembar observasi guru peneliti, daftar nilai siswa, instrumen penilaian keterampilan pembelajaran siswa, serta dokumentasi proses belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui pendekatan bermain dapat meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah permainan bola voli pada siswa kelas VIII C SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Depok tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata 50,54 meningkat menjadi 66,13 pada siklus II. Hasil proses pembelajaran dengan model bermain mampu membuat siswa menjadi bersemangat, aktif, dan rasa ingin mencoba kembali apa yang telah dilakukan, siswa yang tadinya merasa takut menerima bola menjadi lebih termotivasi mengikuti latihan passing bawah sehingga rata-rata nilai akhir yang mereka capai meningkat jika dibandingkan dengan nilai sebelum dilakukan tindakan.
Konseling perkawinan: Strategi preventif penanganan problem relasi keluarga dan membangun hubungan keluarga yang sakinah
Authors: Casmini Casmini
Published: October 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis peran konseling perkawinan dalam penanganan problem relasi keluarga dan membangun hubungan keluarga yang sakinah. Metode yang digunakan library research dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problematika relasi keluarga semakin komplek sehingga mengakibatkan ketidakharmonisan dalam keluarga. Upaya yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah dan mengurangi problem relasi keluarga adalah melalui layanan konseling perkawinan. Konseling perkawinan diarahkan pada lima tahap orientasi yaitu memahami makna keluarga, meningkatkan kesadaran dan dinamika keluarga, komunikasi dan terapi, membangun interaksi dan relasi keluarga, penanganan problem keluarga, membina hubungan keluarga  melalui gaya kelekatan keluarga. Lima orientasi ini menjadi upaya preventif mengurangi dan menangani problem relasi keluarga, selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu strategi membangun hubungan keluarga yang sakinah.
Analisis leksikon dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Fauzia Fauzia
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara leksikon bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris yang berhubungan pada bidang makanan, pakaian, dan transportasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Teori Akar Kata” penelitian ini menganalisis dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Perbandingan dua bahasa tersebut dilakukan n untuk mencari perbedaan dan persamaan dimana hasilnya bertujuan untuk membantu dalam pengajaran bahasa. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia mempunyai hubungan langsung: leksikon dalam bahasa Indonesia dipinjam secara langsung dari bahasa Inggris atau bahasa Inggris meminjam konsep dan leksikon dalam bahasa Indonesia; (2) Bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia mempunyai hubungan tidak langsung: leksikon dalam bahasa Indonesia dipinjam dari bahasa lain yang berkerabat dengan bahasa Inggris sehingga seolah-olah peminjaman dilakukan dari bahasa Inggris; (3) Bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia mempunyai hubungan paralel: leksikon dalam bahasa Indonesia dipinjam dari bahasa lain selain bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Inggris ternyata mempunyai leksikon yang mirip. Pada dasarnya, baik bahasa yang dipinjam maupun bahasa Inggris “hanya” meminjam dari bahasa sumber tertentu; (4) Bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia adalah dua bahasa berbeda yang berasal dari dua rumpun bahasa yang berbeda sehingga sangat wajar jika banyak dijumpai leksikon yang tidak mirip.
Lift above Poverty Micro-Finance Bank, Rural-Women Financial Security and Crime Reduction Strategies in Nigeria: Evaluation of Selected Communities in Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Haruna Ishola , Amosun Olayemi Oluwadamilola , Amosun Olayemi Oluwadamilola , Akinyele Babatunde Olufemi
Published: October 2020

This paper assessed Lift above Poverty Organization (LAPO), rural-women financial security as means of crime reduction Lagos State, women are involved in entrepreneurship to avert criminalities like arm-robbery, kidnapping, cultism, online fraud, terrorism and other security challenge. The study employed cross sectional survey design and was descriptive, combining both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The secondary data were obtained through content analysis of journals, books and online resources. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Findings showed that 100% of the respondents were females, 72% of the respondents used credit facilities from LAPO for investments.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pembelajaran, Kualitas Tutor dan Motivasi Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa Universitas Terbuka Palembang
Authors: Heldiono Heldiono , Indawan Indawan , Wati Sakdiah
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of learning quality, tutor quality and motivation both jointly and partially on student achievement at the Palembang Open University (Pokjar Pangkalan Lampam - Tulung Selapan. The research approach is quantitative research with associative research type. The population of this study is 186. students. The sampling method for probability with the Stratified Random Sampling method. The sample of this study was calculated using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%, the number of samples was 65 students as respondents. The first sample was tested using the Instrument Validity Test and the Instrument Reliability Test. The analysis model used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The regression calculation can be Y = -1.649 + 0.567X1 + 0.351X2 + 0.457X3. Interpretation of the multiple regression equation regarding the influence of the Learning Quality Variables (X1), Tutor Quality (X2) and Learning Motivation (X3), on Student Learning Achievement (Y). The results of the calculation of the three coefficients of the independent variable are positive, this indicates a positive linear relationship (unidirectional), meaning that the quality of learning, quality of tutors and learning motivation, the better, the better the student achievement. Obtained a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.712, with a level of closeness between variables of 0.712 which is in the interpretation of the correlation value (0.60-0.799) means that the relationship between the two variables is significant and the level of closeness is strong. The coefficient of determination value R2 = 0.507, which means that the variables of Learning Quality, Tutor Quality, and Learning Motivation are able to explain the Student Learning Achievement Variables of 0.507 or 50.7%, while the remaining 49.3% is explained by other factors not examined.
Satellite validation strategy assessments based on the AROMAT campaigns
Authors: Merlaud Alexis , Belegante Livio , Constantin Daniel-Eduard , Den Hoed Mirjam , Meier Andreas Carlos , Allaart Marc , Ardelean Magdalena , Arseni Maxim , Bösch Tim , Brenot Hugues , Calcan Andreea , Dekemper Emmanuel , Donner Sebastian , Dörner Steffen , Balanica Dragomir Mariana Carmelia , Georgescu Lucian , Nemuc Anca , Nicolae Doina , Pinardi Gaia , Richter Andreas , Rosu Adrian , Ruhtz Thomas , Schönhardt Anja , Schuettemeyer Dirk , Shaiganfar Reza , Stebel Kerstin , Tack Frederik , Nicolae Vâjâiac Sorin , Vasilescu Jeni , Vanhamel Jurgen , Wagner Thomas , Van Roozendael Michel
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The Airborne ROmanian Measurements of Aerosols and Trace gases (AROMAT) campaigns took place in Romania in September 2014 and August 2015. They focused on two sites: the Bucharest urban area and large power plants in the Jiu Valley. The main objectives of the campaigns were to test recently developed airborne observation systems dedicated to air quality studies and to verify their applicability for the validation of space-borne atmospheric missions such as the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)/Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P). We present the AROMAT campaigns from the perspective of findings related to the validation of tropospheric NO2, SO2, and H2CO. We also quantify the emissions of NOx and SO2 at both measurement sites. We show that tropospheric NO2 vertical column density (VCD) measurements using airborne mapping instruments are well suited for satellite validation in principle. The signal-to-noise ratio of the airborne NO2 measurements is an order of magnitude higher than its space-borne counterpart when the airborne measurements are averaged at the TROPOMI pixel scale. However, we show that the temporal variation of the NO2 VCDs during a flight might be a significant source of comparison error. Considering the random error of the TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 VCD (σ), the dynamic range of the NO2 VCDs field extends from detection limit up to 37 σ (2.6×1016 molec. cm−2) and 29 σ (2×1016 molec. cm−2) for Bucharest and the Jiu Valley, respectively. For both areas, we simulate validation exercises applied to the TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 product. These simulations indicate that a comparison error budget closely matching the TROPOMI optimal target accuracy of 25 % can be obtained by adding NO2 and aerosol profile information to the airborne mapping observations, which constrains the investigated accuracy to within 28 %. In addition to NO2, our study also addresses the measurements of SO2 emissions from power plants in the Jiu Valley and an urban hotspot of H2CO in the centre of Bucharest. For these two species, we conclude that the best validation strategy would consist of deploying ground-based measurement systems at well-identified locations.
Effects of Chemistry-Based Puzzles on Senior Secondary School Chemistry Students’ Interest in Chemical Periodicity
Authors: J. N. Adzape , E. E. Otor , T. V Akpoghol
Published: October 2020

The study investigated the effects of chemistry-based puzzles on senior secondary school chemistry students’ interest and gender in chemical periodicity. The design of the study was quasi-experimental; specifically the pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group design was adopted. A sample of 129 students from a population of 4369 was used in the study. Students were classified into experimental and control groups: Students in the experimental groups were instructed with chemistry-based puzzles while students in the control groups were instructed with the demonstration method. An interest questionnaire called Chemical Periodicity Concepts Interest Inventories (CPCII), constructed by the researchers and validated by experts from three universities in Nigeria, was used in the study. Reliability coefficient of the instrument was calculated and found to be 0.79. Three research questions and three hypotheses were raised in the study. The research questions were answered using Mean and Standard Deviation while hypotheses were tested at 0.05 confidence level using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings showed that students in the experimental group who were taught with Puzzle-Based Strategy (PBS) had higher interest in the topic ‘chemical periodicity’ than those in the control group who were taught with the Demonstration Method (DEM). There was no significant difference in the interest of students by gender. Interaction effect of gender and treatments on interest was not significant. It was recommended that teachers should incorporate puzzle-based instructional strategies in their teaching as a variety to curb boredom in the classroom due to monotony of the conventional methods among others.
A expressão "Tratamento Temático da Informação" em artigos de periódicos nacionais: análise da ocorrência e de suas variantes designativas
Authors: Oliveira Lais Pereira de , Grácio Maria Cláudia Cabrini , Martínez-Ávila Daniel
Published: October 2020

Introdução: Aborda o Tratamento Temático da Informação em sua perspectiva teórica, entendido enquanto dimensão fundamental em Organização da Informação, detida à representação de atributos relativos ao conteúdo, essenciais para viabilizar a busca e recuperação por assunto. Objetiva analisar a ocorrência da expressão “Tratamento Temático da Informação” e de suas variantes designativas em artigos de periódicos brasileiros da Ciência da Informação, versados no tema, como forma de aclarar o assunto em sua perspectiva terminológica e perscrutar seu lastro teórico na literatura. Método: Constitui estudo descritivo de natureza quantitativa, na forma de pesquisa bibliográfica, com aplicação da bibliometria sobre artigos de periódicos obtidos na Base de Dados Referencial de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação, mediante busca pela expressão “Tratamento Temático da Informação”. Congrega um corpus de 23 artigos, analisados individualmente com apoio do registro dos dados via Planilha do Excel e geração de gráficos e tabelas. Resultados: Demonstra a recorrência do termo “Tratamento Temático da Informação” nos artigos que versam sobre o tema, com predomínio da expressão na revisão de literatura. Insurge também, no título, no resumo e nas palavras-chave. Evidencia, entre as variantes designativas, as nomenclaturas “descrição” e “representação temática”. Conclusão: O Tratamento Temático da Informação vem se afirmando na literatura brasileira, na medida em que se estabelece como designação padrão da dimensão temático-organizativa nas publicações desse entorno.
Machine Translation in Foreign Language Learning Classroom-Learners’ Indiscriminate Use or Instructors’ Discriminate Stance
Authors: Zhu Xiaomin
Published: October 2020

The use of machine translation (MT) tools in language learning classroom is now omnipresent, which raises a dilemma for instructors because of two issues, language proficiency and academic integrity, caused by that fact. However, with the unstoppable development and irresistible use of MT in language learning, rather than entangling with using it or banning it, it is more significant to figure out why learners turn to MT in spite of the prohibition from their instructors and how can instructors guide learners to use it appropriately. Consequently, this paper reviews articles with regard to the reason why learners turn to MT, the practical use of MT in learners’ writing, and some pedagogical solutions for making peace with MT in language learning classroom respectively. Implications can be garnered like that a course for learners of how to use MT tools properly should be included in the curriculum design, and simultaneously, the holistic understanding of these overwhelmingly fast-developed technology tools for instructors should be a part of teachers’ self-development, since instructors without knowledge said technology tools can not fully motivate language learners and implement the pedagogical solutions offered.
Architectural elements in earthquake a review of design and construction practice in New Zealand
Authors: Hopkins David. C , Massey Warwick. E , Pollard John. L
Published: October 2020

The paper describes the results of a survey of New Zealand and Californian designers, contractors, approving authorities and fabricators, conducted during 1984 as part of a research project for the National Science Foundation of USA. The emphasis was placed on protection of architectural elements themselves, although inevitably the question of risk to people was addressed. The main sources of information were the responses to a questionnaire sent to selected members of each affected sector and the material offered by those respondents who were interviewed. A clear picture of the New Zealand state-of-the-art emerged and a number of noteworthy example of separation of architectural elements were identified. Recommendations for further research are made, particularly to improve knowledge of behaviour, and of the economics of special protective measures. It is concluded that although New Zealand practice is advanced, there are important aspects which require attention.
Preventing the Regulatory Chill of International Investment Law and Arbitration
Authors: Alenezi Atif M.
Published: October 2020

International investment law has increasingly come under attack because it does not put host states on par with foreign investors. Foreign investors can evoke broad investment rights and pursue investment arbitration. The threat of substantial arbitral awards can result in host states not enacting policies, regulations, laws or reaching decisions, despite them being needed in order to protect a variety of important public interests. The concern is, therefore, that international investment law, including the investor-state dispute resolution system, causes a regulatory chill. The paper examines how the asymmetric relationship between foreign investors and host states can be remedied, so that trust in international investment law is strengthened and its legitimacy crisis is overcome. One core issue with international investment law is that the customary international minimum standard and its therein subsumed full protection and security, and fair and equitable treatment and compensation principles are inherently vague, thereby contributing to the overprotection of foreign investors. Arbitral cases further highlight how regulatory changes can result in host states incurring liability and thus enable foreign corporations to shift potential costs and risks. International, and national solutions to prevent the regulatory chill of international investment agreements are spelled out.
Admissibility of Lis Pendens in International Commercial Arbitration: A Comparative Insight of Different Legal Systems
Authors: Wu Ximei , Shah jillani Abid Hussain
Published: October 2020

An attempt has been made to investigate the role of the doctrine of Lis Pendens in international commercial arbitration while making a comparison of civil and common law traditions. Arbitration is regarded to be less painful and an effective means for resolving any type of commercial disputes. Sources of the law to investigate Arbitration's regulation on a national, institutional, and international level. However, it is known that the lis pendens doctrine has been rarely codified; thus, scholarly writings and case laws were consulted by the research for determining its adoption and content. It is important to note that the lis pendens is initially regarded as a tool, which has been developed to manage the proceedings of parallel court on a domestic level. The study concludes while arguing that when it comes to civil law tradition, lis pendens is regarded as an independent doctrine in international commercial arbitration since it shares the same claim of being tried in various forums simultaneously. In contrast, lis alibi pendens in the jurisdiction of common law is not known as a doctrine, but it is viewed as one of many factors whole applying the forum non-convenience principle. Both civil and common law need identity between various parties and their claims to constitute lis pendens in two proceedings, and therefore, they have a conform and deep understanding of the concept.
The effectiveness of pension systems in post-Soviet countries
Authors: Banaś Dawid
Published: October 2020

The effectiveness of a pension system depends on whether it fulfills its basic purpose, which is to provide retired people with income. International organisations recommend ensuring a minimum level of a pension, possible to determine by means of a replacement rate, which facilitates comparative analyses. The aim of the research presented in the article is to determine the effectiveness of pension systems in post-Soviet countries using the replacement rate and the dependency ratio of the pension system. The study examined 14 countries created after the collapse of the Soviet Union (excluding Turkmenistan). On the basis of the results, the analysed pension systems were ranked according to the examined features. The analysis covers the years 2007–2017 for which data were obtained from publications of the statistical institutions of each individual country. Descriptive statistics measures, indicator analysis and Spearman rank correlation were applied. The research indicates that Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia have obtained the highest effectiveness of the pension system measured by the replacement rate, while the lowest effectiveness was observed in Georgia, Armenia and Tajikistan. On the other hand, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan had high values of the dependency ratio, while the lowest were noted in Ukraine, Estonia and Lithuania. A significant correlation between the replacement rate and the dependency ratio of the pension system occurred in only three of the analysed countries, namely Azerbaijan, Estonia and Moldova.
Okresowe oceny stanu technicznego elewacji budynków
Cz. 5. Ściany z płyt warstwowych
Authors: Runkiewicz Leonard , Sieczkowski Jan , Kopyłow Ołeksij
Published: October 2020

Płyty warstwowe są szeroko stosowane
we współczesnym budownictwie przemysłowym,
rolniczym i ogólnym (budynki magazynowe,
handlowe, biurowe). Mają one kluczowy
wpływ na bezpieczeństwo użytkowania
budynków (przede wszystkim ogniowe),
właściwości termoizolacyjne, szczelność (wodoszczelność,
przepuszczalność powietrza)
czy parametry akustyczne. Ściany zewnętrzne
z płyt warstwowych nie wymagają drogich
zabiegów konserwacyjnych, jednak ich zaniedbania
techniczne mogą prowadzić do takich
negatywnych skutków, jak: zmniejszenie efektywności
energetycznej budynków, doprowadzenie
do nieodwracalnych uszkodzeń płyt
warstwowych, a także do poważnych uszkodzeń
konstrukcji nośnych.
W artykule opisano zasady przeprowadzania
okresowych badań oraz ocen stanu technicznego
ścian zewnętrznych z płyt warstwowych.
Na podstawie wieloletniego doświadczenia
eksperckiego i analiz protokołów kontroli budynków
przedstawiono podstawową aparaturę
oraz tryb przeprowadzania kontroli okresowych
koniecznych do rzetelnych i wiarygodnych
ocen stanu technicznego elewacji budynków.
Przedstawiono także podstawowe uszkodzenia
tego typu ścian oraz określono przyczyny
ich występowania.
MARKETING COMMUNICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Jánošová Denisa , Jobczyk Tomasz
Published: October 2020

The main focus of the article is to indicate the role of marketing communication in the context of social responsibility of public administration. The objective is to analyse selected forms and tools of marketing communication of Local Government Units. The communication conducted by local authorities should stimulate civic activity in public matters which is necessary for the proper management process in local government units. The more active the citizens are, the greater the chance to strengthen the resources of municipalities. These deliberations are based on the authors’ experience, supported by the analysis of literature.
Acesso aberto a artigos, dados e materiais de pesquisa na RBMFC
Authors: Fontenelle Leonardo Ferreira , Sarti Thiago Dias
Published: October 2020

Acesso aberto aos artigos, dados e materiais de pesquisa são alguns elementos-chave da ciência aberta, um movimento plural que visa a transformar a criação e a comunicação do conhecimento científico. Graças à publicação de artigos em acesso aberto e à adoção de boas práticas editoriais, a RBMFC tem seus artigos indexados na LILACS e, mais recentemente, no DOAJ. A RBMFC também adota as diretrizes Transparency and Openness Promotion do Center for Open Science, e disponibiliza suas referências na CrossRef em domínio público, graças ao que a revista foi incluída no índice de citações OpenCitations. Com isso, a RBMFC espera tornar mais acessível, democrática e eficiente a pesquisa em medicina de família e comunidade e atenção primária à saúde.
Ambivalenz der Offensichtlichkeit – Zugleich Anmerkung zur Entscheidung des BVerfGs vom 5. Mai 2020
Authors: Bender Philip M.
Published: October 2020

Ausgehend vom jüngsten Urteil des BVerfGs, das die Ultra-vires-Kontrolle erstmals für Deutschland aktiviert hat, analysiert der Beitrag eines ihrer Qualifikationsmerkmale: den Begriff der Offensichtlichkeit und seine Konkretisierung durch objektive Willkür. Beide Konzepte dienen insofern einem berechtigten Anliegen, als sie die gebotene Zurückhaltung des BVerfGs mit Blick auf die Prüfung von Unionsrecht konzeptualisieren. Aber sie sind ungeeignet, dieses legitime Ziel zu erreichen, indem sie die kommunikative Dimension des Rechts verkennen, entweder zu wenig oder zu viel Zurückhaltung mit sich bringen und miteinander inkompatibel sind. Stattdessen sollte die Zurückhaltung in substantieller Hinsicht über die unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffe (Standards) der strukturellen Bedeutsamkeit und der Unionsrechtsfreundlichkeit und in prozeduraler Hinsicht durch ein regelförmiges Einstimmigkeitserfordernis justiziabel gemacht werden.