bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chimeric Flap for Reconstruction of Severe Traumatic Injuries of the Hand (a Case Report)
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Parintosa , Harihadi Eko
Published: January 2019

Background: Injuries of the hand, including loss of digits, are devastating events. Patients often require multiple operative procedures, with prolonged recovery periods. The challenge for the reconstructive surgeon is to minimize the number of operations, shorten the recovery period, and restore the function and aesthetic appearance of the hand. When faced with a difficult reconstruction, the expense, morbidity of the donor site, and operative time must be taken into consideration. The chimeric composite flaps is combination of microanastomoses consist of two flaps or tissue, each with an isolated pedicle and a single vascular source. Patients and Methods: We reported a case of 32-year-old man presenting with skin defect of hand, flexor and extensor tendon expose due to traffic accident after passed critical event and debridement we did chimeric flaps consist of free radial forearm flap and free dorsalis pedis flap based on radial pedicle system and dorsalis pedis pedicle system. Result: 2 weeks postoperative, flap were vital with satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcome and almost all of graft was take as well as all of donor site graft.Summary: In selected cases, the chimeric flap is a good option for the reconstruction of extensive, composite, and three-dimensional defects.
The Effect Of Honey Give As Oral Drops In Precipitating Epithelialization Of Lateral Palatal Defects Post TwoFlap Palatoplasty
Authors: Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Sudjatmiko Gentur , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background : Two-flap palatoplasty, which is a very common technique used including in our institution, will result in lateral palatal defects without any periosteal coverage. Faster epithelialization is expected to decrease wound contraction thus reducing scar formation, and in the long run will result in good maxillary growth. In our institution, the retrospective study showed a fair maxillary growth (mean GOSLON score=3.5). Thus, we explore possibilities to precipitate the epithelialization process in pursuit of good maxillary growth in the future.Method :This is a prospective cohort study conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, on consecutive patients who underwent two-flap palatopasty from October 2010-February 2011. We followed up these patients weekly for 4 consecutive weeks to observe the rate of epithelialization of the lateral palatal defects.Result : Two-flap palatoplasty was performed in 48 patients, 23 among them were given honey as oral drops. Eighty-seven point five percent had unilateral complete cleft lip and palate and 12.5% had bilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Faster epithelialization of the lateral palatal defects post two-flap palatoplasty was significantly in!uenced by intraoral honey application on the wound as oral drops (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.314 - 3.391, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Honey given as oral drops significantly precipitates the epithelialization process of the lateral palatal defects post two flap palatoplasty 2.1 times faster.
Long Term Follow-up of Vascularized Dermal Fat Transfer
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Parintosa , Boaz Grace
Published: January 2019

Backgrounds: Fibrous dysplasia is an uncommon, benign disorder characterized by a tumor-like proliferation of fibro-osseous tissue. It can present as an autosomal dominant disorder affecting the mandible and maxilla bones in children in their teenage years. The patient manifests with unilateral firm swelling of cheek. It can be managed by excision and resulting contour defect that can be managed by reconstructing using vascularized dermal fat. Resorption is the main problem due to an insuf!cient blood supply, and vascularized dermal fat have been described to minimize this problem.Patients and Methods: In this study we report the results after insertion of vascularized dermal fat into zygomatic-maxilla region. The method consists of implantation of vascularized dermis with attached subcutaneous fat from the antero-lateral thigh (ALT) into the right zygomatic-maxilla region, anastomosing the vascular with temporal superficial vessel. During a one-year follow up, the patient showed good results. Graft atrophy was observed. Despite the more extensive surgery and some minor complications the safety of this method with good functional and cosmetic results makes vascularized dermal fat an excellent alternative to reconstruct facial contour defect.Results: Compared with free-fat grafts, resorption rates for vascularized adipose tissue transfers are very low. Satisfactory cosmetic results were also achieved.Summary: The advantages of this method is the minimized resorption and an excellent functional and cosmetic result. Therefor, we imply that vascularized dermal fat is an excellent method to reconstruct facial contour defect.
The Role Of Coagulation Testing Prior To Surgery
Authors: Cozie Novie Amelia , Windiastuti Endang , Gatot Djayadiman
Published: January 2019

Preoperative  coagulation  screening  has  been  among  the  most  debated  of  all  laboratory  tests, especially  in  children. Although  an undiagnosed  coagulopathy  could result in  serious surgical  morbidity, commonly used screening tests such  as bleeding  time, prothrombin  time,  activated partial  thromboplastin time, and platelet count, do not reliably predict abnormal  perioperative bleeding. Laboratory testing should be considered in  patients either  the history  or  medical  condition  suggests a  possible  hemostatic defect,  in patients undergoing surgical  procedures that might induce  hemostatic disturbances (eg, cardiopulmonary bypass),  when  the  coagulation  system  is particularly  needed  for  adequate  hemostasis (eg, tonsillectomy), and in patients for  whom even minimal postoperative  bleeding could be critical  (eg, neurosurgery). In  the case of minor surgery and a negative history of clotting disorders, no tests are suggested.
Pericranial Hinged Flap for Congenital Posterior Meningoencephalocele Closure
Authors: Atmaja Tessa Miranda , Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Handayani Siti , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background: Posterior meningoencephalocele is a complicated case that requires adequate method for closure of the defect. Congenital meningoencephalocele is a rare incidence estimated at 1:3000 to 10000 live births; with occipital encephaloceles are the most common. The method for closure should prevent leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and coverage for the calvarial bone. Meningoencephalocele are treated by excising the non-functional brain tissue and closed the defect using thick connective tissue graft, alloplastic material and local flaps. The problems with closure are continuous leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and infection, especially when alloplastic material is used. In this case report, a pericranial flap is used to close the dura.
Patient and Method: A neonate with occipital meningoencephalocele was consulted to the Plastic Surgery Department with wound dehiscence and recurrent herniation of brain tissue after undergoing first surgery by the neurosurgery team. On the second operation, a premilene mesh was placed which was later infected and causing wound dehiscence. We then close the defect using pericranial hinged flap and primary closure of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
Result: After the closure using pericranial hinged flap, there were no signs of infection and no CSF leakage. In 4 month follow up, the defect has completely healed.
Summary: Closure of calvarial bone defect with pericranial-hinged flap provides a tight closure of the intracranial space, without increased risk of infection. Pericranial hinged flap should be considered as a method of choice for closure of intracranial defect, preventing leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and reducing risk of infection.
The Versatility of Temporalis Muscle Flap in Reconstruction of Maxillofacial Region
Authors: Harsono Anastasia Dessy , Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Handayani Siti , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background: The temporalis muscle !ap (TMF) is a very versatile and valuable axial flap, which could be used in various reconstructive procedures in and around the maxillofacial region. The surgical anatomy, vascular pattern and technique of elevation of the flap are described, associated with our experience in different reconstructive situations.
Patient and Method: There were two patients, one case of TMJ ankylosis and one case of facial paralysis. The TMF was used as an interpositional arthroplasty for TMJ ankylosis, as a dynamic facial reanimation for facial paralysis.
Result: In the first patient, he was able to open his mouth 4 cm in 2 weeks following the surgery. There was no pain or other complication complained. In second patient, in two weeks follow up after the surgery, we found the edema was decrease gradually. The contraction on the right nasolabial sulcus was slightly seen.
Summary: These report described the reliability, versatility and reproducibility of temporalis muscle flap. The rich vascularized tissue and its proximity to the reconstruction site make this flap reliable. TMF should be taken into consideration before deciding on more extensive reconstructive procedures.
Abdominoplasty: A Proposal of Results by Measurement
Authors: Susanto Imam
Published: January 2019

Background: Among  body  contouring  procedures, abdominoplasty  is  a  procedure,  which  cosmetic surgery patients seek most frequently. The aim of abdominoplasty is to fulfill the ideal appearance of the abdomen  without complication.  Optimal  results  and  proposed  best  accuracy measurement  tool for abdominal dimension will be presented.Patients  and  Methods: Two  female  patients  with  abdomen  type  III  and  IV,  underwent  surgical correction with choice of total abdominolipectomy. Pre-operative and post-operative evaluations and photographs  of  patients  were  documented.  Appearance of  abdomen,  quality  of  the scar,  and  navel were evaluated.Results: Total abdominolipectomy was performed in two cases of woman with abdomen type III and IV.  All  of  the  patients  have  shown  abdominal  dimension  reduction  and  the  result  was  good  and satisfying. Author proposed a measurement  including abdominal dimension in three different  levels of circumference : midline point circumference between navel to xyphoid, navel level circumference, and  anterior  superior  spina  illiac  level  circumference,  quality  of  scar,  navel,  and  abdominal appearance, which are documented before surgery, three weeks after surgery and  three months  post surgery.Summary:  Optimal  outcome  in  abdominoplasty  is determined  not  only  by  appropriate  surgical technique,  but  also  by  the  selection  design,  how  the  dissection  is  done,  the  excision,  suturing technique, and post-surgical care treatment. Author proposed  a measurement form  evaluated  by the surgeon, patient, and observer to collect more precise objective and subjective results.
Bullet Penetration In The Face Caused By Accidental Gunshot: A Case Report
Authors: Sastrasupena Aditya Herwandar , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background: Clinical and radiological examinations are used to predict the location of the bullet in bullet penetration injury. The maxillofacial region had a variety of structure which could make the bullet deviate from its normal trajectories.
Patient and Methods: A rare case of bullet penetration in the face caused by accidental gunshot is described. A 32 year-old male was hit by a bullet in the face with entrance wound on the left temporal region. Radiologic examination showed a bullet in the left inferior orbita. Treatment was exploration and extraction of the bullet. In this case we observe the difference between the clinical examination, radiological diagnosis and intraoperative findings
Result: The patient underwent an explorative operation based on the prediction of location of the bullet from the clinical and radiological examination. The bullet was found in the inferior rectus muscle which the location is out of the prediction of clinical examination and radiologic findings.
Summary: Clinical and radiological examination do not always give the accurate prediction regarding the location of bullet in penetrating bullet injury of the face because the face has a variety of bone, muscle and soft tissue structure.
Custeio Variável: Uma Ferramenta de Auxilio na Tomada de Decisão Gerencial
Authors: Sousa Maria Edileide Ferreira de , Anastácio Francisca Alexandra De Macedo
Published: January 2019

Diante do atual cenário competitivo  onde o empreendedor tem que saber enfrentar os grandes desafios em um ambiente de constante mudanças competitivas, sente-se cada vez mais  a necessidade de alagar seus horizonte com visão estratégica para obter vantagens.Sendo assim  referido estudo busca demonstrar a importância do sistema de custeio variável como ferramenta  para auxiliar os gestores nas tomadas decisões,uma vez que conhecer o custo é uma condição essência para empresa, independente do  tipo,logo á analise e o gerenciamento dos custos garante a sobrevivência de qualquer organização.Dessa forma o sistema de custeio é uma ferramenta para potencializar o processo de melhorias na tomada de decisões uma vez que a contabilidade de custo é um instrumentos gerencial capaz de auxiliar,controlar e planejar as decisões a serem tomada, contribuindo satisfatoriamente na estratégica profissional e possibilitando de maneira geral a devida qualidade das informações que seram utilizadas para mensurar os custos incorridos, conseguindo assim  atingir vantagens competitivas,já que é capaz de desenvolver novas estratégica para reduzir dispedicios sempre na busca de informações para otimizar os custos.
O nível de conhecimento dos contadores sobre o código de ética da profissão
Authors: Custodio Joao Pedro de Lima , Ferreira Viviane Correia do Prado
Published: January 2019

O artigo versa sobre a temática ética na contabilidade. Muito se escreveu e certamente muito se escreverá ainda sobre o assunto “Ética”, já que é um assunto que vem ganhando enorme importância no cenário atual do Brasil. Para o profissional contábil a ética é muito mais que um conceito é uma peça-chave que deve ser levada em consideração em todas as suas atividades. Seu objetivo geral averiguou o grau de entendimento dos contadores com relação ao código de ética da classe. O profissional contábil além das constantes atualizações para seguir a legislação vigente, possui também o Código de Ética que regulamenta a profissão, com objetivo de tentar reduzir a prática de atividades que profissional não deve cometer. Determinando uma direção pelo qual devem ser direcionadas suas atividades. Assim o código de ética do contador é muito mais que um guia que deve ser seguido no exercício da profissão, com direitos, limitações, punições e deveres. É na verdade um fiel norteador, que rege toda a conduta do profissional contábil. O estudo transcorreu no período de agosto a novembro de 2018, sua natureza definiu-se como básica, com objetivo exploratório e quanto ao procedimento técnico caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa exploratória. A pesquisa foi realizada com os Contadores que possuem escritório na zona urbana do município de Orós-CE, para tanto os contadores selecionados obedeceram aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: ser devidamente registrados no Conselho Regional de Contabilidade (CRC). Estar com escritório localizado na zona urbana do município de Orós – CE, na área central da cidade. Foram excluídos da pesquisa os contadores que não estão registrados no Conselho Regional, e que não tenham formação técnica na área.
A Relevância do Contador para o Microempreendedor Individual (MEI)
Authors: Morais Maria Aparecida Silva , Feitosa Filho Raimundo Ivan
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho tem como tema “a relevância do contador para o microempreendedor individual (MEI)”, abordando o contador como suporte para o microempreendedor, evidenciando seus direitos e obrigações. Com isto, a contabilidade é de extrema relevância para todos os portes de empresas, desde o MEI até as empresas de grande porte, mas não só com a finalidade fiscal, mas também com a finalidade de gestão empresarial, pois o profissional da contabilidade tem um papel fundamental neste processo junto com o empreendedor. Conclui se neste trabalho que o contador continua sendo indispensável também para essa categoria, antes e durante a movimentação da sua empresa, para garantir que seus esforços não tenham sido em vão e que a sua empresa possa crescer com segurança.
Impacto da Incontinência Urinária na Qualidade de Vida das Gestantes
Authors: Ribas Lorrana Lacerda , Oliveira Emanuelle Almeida , Cirqueira Rosana Porto , Ferreira Juliana Barros
Published: January 2019

A gravidez traz consigo alterações fisiológicas e anatômicas, uma delas é o aumento do útero esta última que desencadeia a Incontinência Urinária, que é definida como qualquer perda involuntária de urina. O estudo teve por objetivo averiguar o impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida de gestantes. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, de corte transversal de prevalência, com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 20 gestantes a partir da 12ª semana de gestação. Os dados foram obtidos através do questionário sociodemográfico, o International Consultationon Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, e o World Health Organization Qualityof Life. Os dados foram tabulados e processados pelo software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Versão 22.0, para o Windows. A maioria das gestantes da pesquisa apresentaram Incontinência Urinária, perdendo urina diversas vezes ao dia. Conclui-se que, a gravidez mediante as alterações físicas proporcionadas à mulher, se configura como um fator predisponente ao desenvolvimento de Incontinência Urinária.
Avaliação Físico-Química e Microbiológica de Leite in Natura Comercializado no Município de Anagé – Bahia
Authors: Santos Lázara Vicência Gonçalves Soares , Fogaça Larissa Costa Silva
Published: January 2019

O leite é um importante alimento de expressivo consumo no Brasil, principalmente entre crianças e idosos, pelo seu alto índice nutricional como gorduras, carboidratos, proteínas, vitaminas, água, e sais minerais, definido como elemento fundamental para a dieta da população. A comercialização do leite in natura sem a aplicação de tratamento térmico adequado é um problema ligado diretamente a aspectos econômicos, regionais e culturais. Diante do exposto objetivou-se com o estudo verificar a qualidade do leite cru comercializado no município de Anagé quanto as suas propriedades físico-químicas e microbiológicas segundo a instrução normativa 62/2011 do Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (MAPA). As amostras de leite in natura foram adquiridas em supermercados e padarias do município de Anagé – BA, realizadas coleta de três amostras em quatro pontos de comercialização em dias alternados, totalizando doze amostras que foram transportadas sob refrigeração para o laboratório. Foram realizadas analises físico-química, como determinação de percentual de gordura e densidade relativa, enquanto as microbiológicas determinaram a contagem padrão em placas, coliformes totais, Escherichia coli e Salmonella, com o intuito de determinar a qualidade do leite in natura. Com os resultados, foi visto que as amostras encontram-se contaminadas por microrganismos e os valores de teor de gordura e densidade relativa encontram-se dentro dos padrões, exceto para a amostra A3 que demonstrou quantidade insuficiente de gordura.
Ética e Responsabilidade Socioambiental
Authors: Nascimento Fernanda Coelho de Figueiredo Soares , Nascimento Tiago Gama do , Ramos Júlio Cezar Costa , Morais Allan Richards De Melo Nunes , Silva Andrey Tavares da , Duarte Francisco Ricardo
Published: January 2019

Uma reorganização de valores passa pelo comportamento ético das organizações, que têm a obrigação de se preocupar com a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos e com a preservação ambiental. O objetivo do presente estudo foi discutir questões relacionadas a ética e a responsabilidade socioambiental. Os resultados levaram a crer que adequar-se à sustentabilidade e à responsabilidade pode ser dispendioso. Porém, a não mudança, a negligência aos problemas sociais e ambientais pode custar muito mais caro no futuro. É urgente uma consciência e união, para que a existência humana seja sustentável no mundo.
Educação Intercultural e suas Ambivalências com o Estranho. Um Estudo Sobre a Representação Social do Negro no Livro Didático
Authors: Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Souza TaÍs Oliveira de , Albuquerque Érika De Sá Marinho , Sousa Maria do Socorro Cordeiro de
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo é fruto dos trabalhos de leitura, pesquisas de campo e ações de extensão universitária que se enraizaram nas reuniões do Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Estudos da Violência (LIEV/ UNILEÃO) e nos encontros do Núcleo de Estudos em Gênero, Raça, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (NEGROS/ UPE), bem como, emergiu da necessidade de preparo de aulas e material didático para facilitar o ensino e as práticas pedagógicas para as disciplinas: Educação do Campo e Educação Intercultural no curso de Pedagogia da Faculdade de Ciências Humanas do Sertão Central (FACHUSC/ Salgueiro-PE. O objetivo da presente investigação está fundamentado na tentativa de destacar a contribuição que o material escolar pode, por um lado, dar à educação intercultural; e por outro lado, acentuar os nuances em que o racismo e o preconceito direcionados ao negro podem contribuir com a representação negativa destes na sociedade. A questão problema deste estudo concentra-se na investigação do material didático e paradidático do ensino infantil e fundamental selecionados e utilizados em uma escola pública do município de Verdejante, no Sertão Central Pernambucano. A metodologia utilizada é fruto da abordagem qualitativa, revisão bibliográfica e método de procedimento de análise documental com uso da abordagem crítica dos discursos. A fundamentação teórica especifica se deu a partir da teoria da ideologia de John Thompson (1995), da teoria da Mestiçagem de Kabengele Munanga (2008), da teoria da Pedagogia Intercultural de Georg Auerheimer (2005), da teoria da Estranheza na Escola de Franz Pöggeler  (2004; 2003), dos Estudos Africanos de Achillie Mbembe (2014) e da filosofia da ancestralidade de David Oliveira (2007; 2003). Os achados nos permitem concluir que a educação intercultural satisfaz em plenitude os quesitos do respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana, da educação para a liberdade, da educação para a autonomia e da educação inclusiva e do pertencimento.
Enzymatic activity of blood serum, abzyme activity of IgG and IgA, free serum DNA and the formation of extracellular traps by neutrophils in patients with breast neoplasms
Authors: Zherulik S. , Lud N. , Generalov S. , Orlova E. , Generalov I.
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study included a comprehensive comparative assessment of the proteolytic, nuclease and oxidoreductase activity of serum and immunoglobulins of G and A classes, as well as the serum DNA content in patients with mammary neoplasms and the ability of their leukocytes to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). To aim this, the following methods have been developed: a combined method for isolating IgG and IgA from a single serum sample, the method for fluorescent determination of serum DNA, the method of staining NETs in the culture of neutrophils with methyl green, and the method of double staining of NETs in tumor smear-imprints. Based on the results of the study it was shown that the abzymes isolated from blood serum possess proteolytic, DNase and oxidoreductase activity, which varies depending on the patient and the conditions of the reaction. Certain types of catalytic activity of serum and antibodies are different in patients with malignant and benign breast tumors, as well as in healthy individuals. Catalytic activity of serum and abzymes depends on the tumor grade as well as on histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor. Concentration of DNA in serum of breast cancer patients is reduced in comparison with healthy individuals; a negative correlation was established between the DNA content and DNase activity of sera and abzymes. The ability to form traps by neutrophils in breast cancer is significantly higher in comparison with the examined control groups (patients with benign breast tumors and healthy individuals). This finding may be used as an additional laboratory marker of the development of the tumor process in the mammary gland in women.
Characteristics of TLR reactions to the urogenital infections pathogens in pregnancy
Authors: Вondarenco N. , Afanasiev S. , Aleshkin V. , Agayeva M. , Voropaeva E. , Savchenko T. , Afanasiev M. , Nesvizhsky Y. , Aleshkin A. , Borisova O. , Pylev L. , Urban Y. , Bochkaryova S. , Zatevalov A. , Voropaev A. , Tolstova E. , Karaulov A.
Published: January 2019

Simultaneous TLR gene expression estimation (the prognosis of abortion and miscarriage), mucosal microbiocenoses types, mucosal immunity state estimation, presence or absence of clinical manifestation of miscarriage, pregnancy course (unfavorable prognosis-immunological rejection of the fetus or complicated pregnancy course and miscarriage, favorable prognosis-immunological irritation or normal fetal development, abortion-miscarriage), presence or absence of infection and/or clinical manifestation of infectious and inflammatory conditions can be objective additional criteria for estimation and prognosis of pregnancy course as well as to personalize the adequate treatment and prevention of abortion and miscarriage. Pathogenetic (concomitant increased reaction of mucosal epithelial cells receptors for developing fetus and infectious process leads to abortion and miscarriage) and TLR diagnostic role in pregnancy is established. In obstetric infections in pregnant women levels of gene expression of TLR-2 – 21.2 and above, TLR-4 – 23.0 and above, TLR-8 – 25.7 and above indicate a high degree of infection with clinical manifestations of urogenital infections, and in the levels of genes expression of TLR-8 - 26 and below verifies chronic urogenital infections, while levels of gene expression TLR-8 above 26 verifies acute course of urogenital infections TLR-8 level above 28 is a predictor of pregnancy termination and miscarriage.
Investigations of hepatitis E virus seroprevalence and its role in the acute viral hepatitis etiology on the Kyrgyzstan territory
Authors: Lukhverchyk L. , Alatortseva G. , Nesterenko L. , Mikhailov M. , Kyuregyan K. , Gukina M. , Oksanich A. , Nurmatov Z. , Nurmatov A. , Baiyzbekova Zh. , Kasymov O. , Maksytov S. , Zverev V.
Published: January 2019

Purpose – To study the prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis E virus (AB-HEV) among the population of Kyrgyzstan. Materials and methods: Blood sera samples of healthy people and hepatitis patients from hospitals of Kyrgyzstan were examined by the enzyme immunoassay method using the tests «DS-ELISA-Anti-HEV-IgG» and «DS-ELISA-ANTI-HEVIgM» (RPC Diagnostic Systems, Russia). Results: AB-HEV were detected in 482 of 2279 studied samples (21.1%). The greatest number of seropositive specimens were found in Osh and Batken regions and Bishkek city. Most often, AB-HEV were found in persons of age 1 to 5 years and over 30 years. Markers of viral hepatitis A, B, C and E in serа samples of 236 patients with liver pathology clinic signs have been determined to evaluate the role of HEV in the etiology of acute viral hepatitis (AVH). HEV (13.6%) was the second among causes of AVH after hepatitis A virus (54.7%). Markers mixed infection with other hepatitis viruses have been detected in 53% HEV-seropositive patients. Conclusions. A wide prevalence of HEV in the structure of AVH has been established, which requires modification of the current system for AVH diagnosis, including the determination of HEV serological markers, especially in children and adolescents.
A modern view of the clinic, diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Drozhdina M. , Koshkin S.
Published: January 2019

The article describes modern views on predisposing factors, characteristics of the immunological changes and link with the histocompatibility antigens HLA, the role of circulating autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of the disease in patients with pemphigus vulgaris. Described 2 cases of clinical observations and vulgar pemphigus, foliaceous pemphigus, accompanied by concomitant pathology of internal organs in the form of cardiovascular system pathology, chronic iron deficiency anemia, diffuse and knotty changes of the thyroid gland. The good effect of etiotropic, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy in accordance with the standards of specialized medical care in moderate-to-severe pemphigus.
Specific and nonspecific neutrophil hypersensitivity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ishchenko A. , Sukalo A. , Novikov D. , Titova N.
Published: January 2019

Objective. Aim was the development and testing of a method of diagnostics of hypersensitivity to toxicants in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by evaluating the myeloperoxidase release from neutrophils. Material and methods. The patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 37 (22 smokers); age 49 (42; 64)) and patients with allergic bronchial asthma (n = 42 (12 smokers); age 47 (39; 56) were included in the study. The control group consisted of healthy donors without respiratory pathology (n = 26 (8 smokers), age 44 (35; 57)). We used the reaction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) release with solutions toxicants (cigarette smoke, exhaust gases) for diagnostic. Results. The MPO release from neutrophils occurred during the incubation of leukocytes of patients with solutions toxicants. In patients with asthma, the reaction was positive in 30 patients with an extract of tobacco, 31 patients with a cigarette smoke solution, 27 patients with a solution of the exhaust gases. In patients with COPD, the reaction was positive in 21 patients with an extract of tobacco, 31 patients with a cigarette smoke solution, 24 patients with a solution of the exhaust gases. MPO release was lower to smokers with COPD than non smokers-COPD patients. In the control group, the reaction was positive in 2 donors with an extract of tobacco, 9 - with cigarette smoke solution, and 10 - with a solution of the exhaust gases. Conclusion. The diagnostic tests to evaluate neutrophil hypersensitivity to toxicants in COPD and asthma were developed and approved. Proposed method allows determining the sensitization of leukocytes to the toxicant, which may be one of the diagnostic criteria for these diseases.
The Curious Case of Farmer Credit Cards: Evidence from an Indian Policy Reform
Authors: Chatterjee Somdeep
Published: January 2019

In this paper, I study India’s Kisan (farmer) Credit Card (KCC) program and end up with an apparently counter-intuitive finding. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in the reach of the program and using a district panel dataset, I find evidence of increases in agricultural output of rice, which is the major crop of the country. I also find that on average the use of high-yielding variety seeds increases at the district level, providing suggestive evidence of technology adoption. However, there is no evidence of higher borrowing among households in response to this policy. Although there is evidence of increased borrowing among the unconstrained borrowers, this suggests that KCCs did not provide new access to credit. Yet, large increases in production can be observed. Although apparently puzzling, the findings may be explained in terms of the changing risk tolerance of farmers who may perceive KCCs as supplementary self-insurance products.
Analysis of physiological parameters of Desulfovibrio strains from individuals with colitis
Authors: Kushkevych Ivan , Dordević Dani , Kollár Peter
Published: January 2019

Intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria are often isolated from patients with inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, and can be involved in the development of gut inflammation. A comparison of the metabolism of intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from individuals with colitis and healthy controls using statistical analysis has never been studied and described before. The aim of our research was to evaluate the parameters of dissimilatory sulfate reduction inDesulfovibriospecies that were isolated from the feces of healthy objects and individuals with colitis. Principal component analysis indicates that the strains that were isolated from individuals with colitis grouped in the same cluster by biomass accumulation and sulfide production, same as the strains isolated from healthy individuals. Sulfate and lactate consumption measured over time showed negative correlation (Pearson correlations,p<0.01), healthy: -0.760; colitis: -0.770; healthy: -0.828; colitis: -0.847, respectively. The calculated linear regression (R2) was lower in biomass accumulation and hydrogen sulfide production, 0.531; 0.625 respectively. Thus, biomass accumulation and sulfide production, together with measured kinetic parameters play an important factor in bowel inflammation, including ulcerative colitis. Additionally, acetate production can also synergize with H2S, while sulfate consumption and lactate oxidation likely represent minor factors in bowel disease.
Sample matrix and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assays
Authors: Kavsak Peter A. , Roy Chantele , Malinowski Paul , Clark Lorna , Lamers Shana , Bamford Karen , Hill Stephen , Worster Andrew , Jaffe Allan S.
Published: January 2019

Background

Manufacturers of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays have restricted use of what sample types or matrices are acceptable to use for measurement. Our goal was to evaluate the comparability of the Siemens ADVIA Centaur hs-cTnI assay across different matrices and under different storage conditions.

Methods

Three different QC-plasma matrices were evaluated for imprecision <10 ng/L. Passing-Bablok regression and difference plots were determined for cTnI concentrations spanning the reference interval (limit of quantification to male 99th-percentile: 2.5 ng/L to <60 ng/L) between serum and lithium heparin plasma, lithium heparin and EDTA plasma and between the Siemens and Abbott hs-cTnI assays. Stability at room temperature (RT) and 2–8 °C was also assessed across the three matrices.

Results

Over 16-weeks the SDs were ≤1.0 ng/L for QCs ranging from 5.0 to 8.3 ng/L. Across the reference interval there was excellent agreement between lithium heparin plasma and serum for the Siemens hs-cTnI assay (slope=0.98/intercept=–0.1), however, cTnI concentrations were proportionally lower in EDTA as compared to lithium heparin plasma (slope=0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.92). In lithium heparin plasma the Siemens hs-cTnI concentrations were higher than the Abbott hs-cTnI concentrations (slope=1.26/intercept=–0.2). Stability of cTnI in lithium heparin plasma as compared in serum and EDTA plasma appeared more labile, with decreases ≥20% in concentrations evident as early as 1-day in storage at RT.

Conclusions

There is excellent agreement in concentrations between lithium heparin plasma and serum with the Siemens ADVIA Centaur hs-cTnI assay; however, cTnI concentrations in EDTA plasma are lower. Reference intervals and clinical studies in EDTA plasma for the Centaur hs-cTnI assay are required before clinical use.
In Vitro Determination of Concentration-Dependent Optical Properties of Hemoglobin
Authors: Wegerich Philipp , Hartmut Gehring
Published: January 2019

The interest of this paper is the determination of the optical properties of oxygenated (saturation above 97 %) hemoglobin in clinical relevant concentrations (ranging from 5 to 15 g/dl), dependent on the layer thickness. Furthermore the generation of a high rate data set for training with machine learning approaches was intended. With a double integrating sphere setup (laser diodes from 780 to 1310 nm) - as a well referenced method - and flow through optical cuvettes ranging from 1 to 3 mm layer thickness, the transmission (𝑀𝑇) and reflection (𝑀𝑅) values of the samples were acquired. From those the layer thickness independent absorption (𝜇𝑎) and reduced scattering coefficients (𝜇𝑠’) were calculated by the means of the Inverse Adding Doubling (IAD) algorithm. For each sample the same coefficients should result correspondingly for all cuvette thicknesses in test. This relationship serves as an internal standard in the evaluation of the collected data sets. In parallel a spectrophotometer in the range from 690 to 1000 nm recorded transmission spectra for all samples as a second reference. First, the IAD algorithm provided optical coefficients (𝜇𝑎, 𝜇𝑠’) in all measurements, with few exceptions at low hemoglobin concentrations. The resulting coefficients match independently of the layer thickness. As a main second result, a high rate data set was generated which serves for further analysis - for example with machine learning approaches.
IUPAC and the Periodic Table
Authors: Leigh G.J.
Published: January 2019

The Periodic Table is now regarded as such a fundamental part of current chemical research and teaching that it is salutary to learn that this prominence is a relatively recent development. IUPAC was established in its present form in 1919, but the roots of the Table go back much further. The general realization of the value of the Periodic Table to rationalize and teach chemistry has only come about since the new flowering of inorganic chemistry, which can be dated to the 1960s. Today the most popular form of the Table and its updating and dissemination owe much to IUPAC, though this was not always the case.
The New SI: The International System of Units is getting a Makeover
Authors: Mills Ian , Marquardt Roberto
Published: January 2019

Metrology, the science of measurement, is part of the essential but largely hidden infrastructure of the modern world. We need it for high-technology manufacturing, human health and safety, the protection of the environment, global climate studies, information transfer and the basic science that underpins all these. Highly accurate measurements are no longer the preserve of only the physical sciences and engineering. The International System of Units, the SI (Système International d’unités), provides the internationally agreed means by which we make such measurements.
Universal Framework for OWL2 Ontology Transformations
Authors: Hnatkowska Bogumiła , Woroniecki Paweł
Published: January 2019

Domain ontologies are valuable knowledge assets with many potential applications, e.g. in software engineering. Their content is often a subject of bi-directional transformations. Unfortunately, a centralized transformation service which can be easily extended with new mappers is not available for ontology users. In consequence, they have to deal with many different translation programs, which have to be installed and learned separately. The paper presents a framework for universal ontology processing, dedicated to ontologies expressed in OWL2. The framework usefulness was verified by a proof-of-concept implementation, for which an existing OWL2 to Groovy translator was adapted. During the integration process, the translator functionality was enhanced with ontology individuals mapping. The exemplary implementation confirmed that the framework with plug-in architecture is flexible and easy for customization. The ontology stakeholders should benefit from the reduced cognitive load and more satisfying transformation process.
Retinal Fundus Image for Glaucoma Detection: A Review and Study
Authors: Kanse Shilpa Sameer , Yadav Dinkar Manik
Published: January 2019

Glaucoma is one of the severe visual diseases that lead to damage the eyes irreversibly by affecting the optic nerve fibers and astrocytes. Consequently, the early detection of glaucoma plays a virtual role in the medical field. The literature presents various techniques for the early detection of glaucoma. Among the various techniques, retinal image-based detection plays a major role as it comes under noninvasive methods of detection. While detecting glaucoma disorder using retinal images, various medical features of the eyes, such as retinal nerve fiber layer, cup-to-disc ratio, apex point, optic disc, and optic nerve head, and image features, such as Haralick texture, higher-order spectra, and wavelet energy, are used. In this paper, a review and study were conducted for the different techniques of glaucoma detection using retinal fundus images. Accordingly, 45 research papers were reviewed and the analysis was provided based on the extracted features, classification accuracy, and the usage of different data sets, such as DIARETDB1 data set, MESSIDOR data set, IPN data set, ZEISS data set, local data set, and real data set. Finally, we present the various research issues and solutions that can be useful for the researchers to accomplish further research on glaucoma detection.
A Review on Concrete Structures Strengthened with CFRP Sheets Bonded with Organic and Inorganic Cementation Materials
Authors: Yan Youxi , Lan Shengning , Jiang Qiongming , Zhang Leilei , Huang Yingna
Published: January 2019

Carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets have been widely applied in civil engineering, and the bonded materials are important components in the practical strengthening process. Presently, epoxy adhesive is the most widely used cementation material, but the inorganic materials are developing rapidly. This article reviews the taxonomy and origin of cementation material used in civil engineering as structural adhesives to create the bond between CFRP and summarizes the properties of epoxy adhesive, alkali-activated cementing material, magnesium oxychloride cement, and cement-based composite material. The conclusion shows that using an inorganic adhesive as a binder can fix the temperature problems of organic materials and improve the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures. At present, the inorganic adhesive also has weaknesses, which indicates the future research directions.
Identification ofGanodermaDisease Resistance Loci Using Natural Field Infection of an Oil Palm Multiparental Population
Authors: Tisné Sébastien , Pomiès Virginie , Riou Virginie , Syahputra Indra , Cochard Benoît , Denis Marie
Published: January 2019

Multi-parental populations are promising tools for identifying quantitative disease resistance loci. Stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense is a major threat to palm oil production, with yield losses of up to 80% prompting premature replantation of palms. There is evidence of genetic resistance sources, but the genetic architecture of Ganoderma resistance has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to identify Ganoderma resistance loci using an oil palm multi-parental population derived from nine major founders of ongoing breeding programs. A total of 1200 palm trees of the multi-parental population was planted in plots naturally infected by Ganoderma, and their health status was assessed biannually over 25 yr. The data were treated as survival data, and modeled using the Cox regression model, including a spatial effect to take the spatial component in the spread of Ganoderma into account. Based on the genotypes of 757 palm trees out of the 1200 planted, and on pedigree information, resistance loci were identified using a random effect with identity-by-descent kinship matrices as covariance matrices in the Cox model. Four Ganoderma resistance loci were identified, two controlling the occurrence of the first Ganoderma symptoms, and two the death of palm trees, while favorable haplotypes were identified among a major gene pool for ongoing breeding programs. This study implemented an efficient and flexible QTL mapping approach, and generated unique valuable information for the selection of oil palm varieties resistant to Ganoderma disease.
Using Next-Generation Sequencing Transcriptomics To Determine Markers of Post-traumatic Symptoms: Preliminary Findings from a Post-deployment Cohort of Soldiers
Authors: Boscarino Cathy , Nalpathamkalam Thomas , Pellecchia Giovanna , Li Weili , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Merico Daniele
Published: January 2019

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a concerning psychobehavioral disorder thought to emerge from the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. For soldiers exposed to combat, the risk of developing this disorder is twofold and diagnosis is often late, when much sequela has set in. To be able to identify and diagnose in advance those at “risk” of developing post-traumatic stress disorder, would greatly taper the gap between late sequelae and treatment. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether the transcriptome can be used to track the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in this unique and susceptible cohort of individuals. Gene expression levels in peripheral blood samples from 85 Canadian infantry soldiers (n = 58 participants negative for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and n = 27 participants with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder) following return from deployment to Afghanistan were determined using RNA sequencing technology. Count-based gene expression quantification, normalization and differential analysis (with thorough correction for confounders) revealed genes associated to PTSD; LRP8 and GOLM1. These preliminary results provide a proof-of-principle for the diagnostic utility of blood-based gene expression profiles for tracking symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in soldiers returning from tour. It is also the first to report transcriptome-wide expression profiles alongside a post-traumatic symptom checklist.
Imaging Flies by Fluorescence Microscopy: Principles, Technologies, and Applications
Authors: Dunst Sebastian , Tomancak Pavel
Published: January 2019

The development of fluorescent labels and powerful imaging technologies in the last two decades has revolutionized the field of fluorescence microscopy, which is now widely used in diverse scientific fields from biology to biomedical and materials science. Fluorescence microscopy has also become a standard technique in research laboratories working on Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. Here, we review the principles of fluorescence microscopy technologies from wide-field to Super-resolution microscopy and its application in the Drosophila research field.
Reseña del libro Masones y masonería en la Costa Rica de los albores de la modernidad (1865-1899), de Ricardo Martínez Esquivel
Authors: Sandí Morales José Aurelio
Published: January 2019

Este valioso texto titulado Masones y masonería en la Costa Rica de los albores de la modernidad (1865-1899) se encuentra dividido en 5 capítulos. El primero titulado, “La construcción ideológica de la masonería hasta su organización en Costa Rica”, introduce a la masonería. Este apartado hace un recorrido desde el origen de la agrupación, pasando por los gremios de albañiles en el medievo, los procesos que se dieron a lo interno de la masonería durante el Renacimiento, la Reforma y Contrarreforma, la Revolución Industrial, la Ilustración y cierra con la visión moderna construida en el siglo XVIII. La importancia de este capítulo radica en contextualizar al lector sobre qué era y de qué se trataba la masonería, lo cual se logra por medio de explicaciones que van desde el mismo nombre de la asociación, pasando por sus símbolos, principios básicos, creencia de los masones en Costa Rica, su organización, hasta las causas de los roces con el credo católico.