bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the solar radiation pressure and the Yarkovsky effect on the resonant behavior of asteroids with small perihelion distances
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Galushina Tat’yana Yu. , Letner Oksana N. ,   Tomsk State University, Syusina Ol’ga M. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the impact of the Yarkovsky effect and solar radiation pressure on the resonant behavior of three asteroids with small perihelion distances (3200 Phaethon, 394130 2006 HY51, and 137924 2000 BD19) is studied. The corresponding physical parameters are determined to estimate the effect of the solar radiation pressure. The Yarkovsky effect and the solar radiation pressure effect are estimated by comparing the results of the orbital evolution of the asteroids with the main force model and the included estimated perturbation. The application of different force models shows that accounting for the Yarkovsky effect and solar radiation pressure has a slight impact on the evolution of the orbital elements of the asteroids while changing the semimajor axis behavior at the ends of the study interval. This impact changes the approaches of the asteroids to planets. It is revealed that the impact of the Yarkovsky effect is stronger than that of the solar radiation pressure. The evolution of the OMEGNO chaoticity parameter shows that the perturbations do not affect the predictability of the motion interval, but in some cases lead to deceleration or acceleration in growth of the parameter. The studied perturbations have no significant effect on the secular (apsidal-nodal) resonance characteristics due to a weak impact on the evolution of the orbital elements underlying their calculations.
Patrimônio Cultural Inclusivo
Authors: Souza Graziella Plaça Orosco de , Silva Fernando Lopes da , Faccio Neide Barrocá , Benini Sandra Medina
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to analyze the accessibility strategies implemented by the Regional Archaeology Museum (MAR), highlighting how these actions can enhance access to cultural heritage and serve as a model for other institutions. The study seeks to demonstrate the relevance of inclusive practices in promoting equity and valuing cultural diversity.
Methodology: The research adopts a qualitative approach with an exploratory and descriptive nature, using the deductive method. Data were collected through a literature review and document analysis, focusing on institutional materials, project reports, and academic publications related to the MAR's initiatives. The analysis was conducted based on interpretative approaches, considering the physical, social, and symbolic dimensions of cultural heritage.
Originality/relevance: This work addresses a significant theoretical gap by exploring how accessible practices can be integrated into cultural management. The topic is academically relevant for articulating accessibility, inclusion, and cultural heritage, offering a practical and innovative analysis through the MAR case study.
Results: The findings indicate that MAR's initiatives, such as tactile exhibitions, adapted workshops, and team training, significantly expanded access to cultural heritage and promoted the inclusion of historically marginalized groups. These actions demonstrate how accessibility can be effectively integrated into cultural management, strengthening the social impact of institutions.
Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study contributes by demonstrating the feasibility of accessible practices and their replicability in different contexts. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of inclusion as a central axis in the management of cultural spaces, broadening the theoretical understanding of the relationship between accessibility and cultural heritage.
Social and environmental contributions: The actions analyzed at MAR promote social inclusion by democratizing access to culture, strengthening community ties, and valuing diversity. Additionally, they highlight the benefits of preserving cultural heritage as a sustainable and accessible resource for future generations.
Teachers’ Views on Digital Distraction
Authors: Güngör Ece , Kurt Adile Aşkım
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to find out teachers' views on digital distraction. The sub-objectives of the study are to find out whether teachers experience digital distraction, in which environments they experience digital distraction, what they feel when they experience digital distraction and what precautions they take against digital distraction. The participants of the research, which was designated adopting with a phenomenological design, were a total of 81 teachers. As a result of content analysis, the reasons for encountering digital distraction were listed as advertising, latest news, alerts, the large amount of content on the Internet, being asked to look at a social media account, look at other studies when doing research, and other videos suggestions while watching a video interest/curiosity and boredom. The environments in which teachers experience digital distraction are social media, conducting research, social environment, shopping websites, work life and leisure time. The reasons for experiencing digital distraction in these environments include interest/curiosity, advertisements, notifications, boredom, news and the huge amount of content on the internet. Teachers experience negative emotions such as anger, sadness, and regret when they experience digital distraction. Teachers reported feeling happy because they were learning new information, they felt relaxed because they were moving away from the subject and resting, and happy because they were looking at things they were curious about. The precautions taken by teachers are self-control, turning off notifications, limiting the time spent digitally, taking the phone/computer away, not opening/closing too many tabs and installing ad/cookie blocker software.
The Enacted Curriculum's Impact on Learner Identity and Inequities in Türkiye
Authors: Akkan İrem Nur , Atik Kara Derya
Published: December 2024

Inequities are apparent worldwide, and those are affected by many social, political, economic and educational factors. Especially in education, ideological perspectives shape the learners’ future via educational components. The present study aimed to reveal the role of the enacted curriculum in deepening and reproducing inequities by making sense of the experiences of disadvantaged Turkish learners regarding identity construction. Interpretive phenomenology was used as a research design to achieve this aim based on sociological and sociocultural perspectives. Since interpretative phenomenology argues that experiences cannot be separated from social and cultural life, it is a design that naturally includes recognition, context and experience, forming learner identity dimensions included in this study’s theoretical base. Participants comprised seven disadvantaged Turkish single mothers and their secondary-level children from different backgrounds. For data analysis, semi-structured interviews were conducted, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse interviews through MAXQDA2020. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the learners constructed fluid identities based on different contexts and conditions. These identities were related to the reproduction of capital accumulation and reinforced by the enacted curriculum. In addition, social issues like COVID-19 affected the identities of learners since it had various social and educational results.
Methodological foundations for fostering resilience in the Andreida project
Authors: Corti Franchiela , Rodríguez-Ponga Salamanca Rafael , De Carlos Buján Andrea
Published: December 2024

This article presents the methodological bases of the research project “Fostering resilience in Primary Education: Innovation and Continuous Teacher Training” (PID2019-111032RB-I00), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. In order to respond to the challenges faced by the post-pandemic school, the project aims to identify possible shortcomings or needs in resilience-related skills and to foster their development in 5th and 6th grade primary school students.
Given the complexity of the topic and the globalising nature of the objectives proposed in the study, the adaptation of the method to the principle of complementarity of research techniques is justified by carrying out a mixed descriptive-comprehensive action-oriented study.
This article presents the methodological design, including the development, validation, implementation, and analysis of two data collection instruments—‘Initial screening interview with managers to identify resilience-building needs’ (EDINRES+D) and ‘Initial screening interview with teachers to identify training needs in resilience’ (EDINRES+M)—along with the main findings of the study. The focus lies on providing a comprehensive overview of both the instruments and the results derived from their application.
Resources for fostering resilience in schools
Authors: Fontán de Bedout Laura , Vilanou Torrano Conrad
Published: December 2024

This article examines the perceptions of teachers from public and grant-aided schools participating in the ANDREIA project regarding the resources needed to foster resilience in the school environment. Considering the relevance of teachers in developing effective educational programmes, the text also highlights the importance of working together with students and families. Additionally, the need to systematically address resilience in schools is discussed. However, the perception of a lack of resources, particularly tools and time, according to most teachers involved in the study, highlights the difficulties they face. While these perceptions may vary slightly depending on the type of school ownership, the need for resources is a constant, and they provide clear guidance for the next steps in the project. In conclusion, the consensus on the assessment of resilience in schools is viewed as a first step towards creating a practical approach.
Proposta de mapeamento de instrumentos para o processo de Enfermagem junto aos clientes dermatológicos: protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Gatto Flávia da Silva , Brandão Euzeli da Silva , Monteiro Daniely Maillard
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: apresentar uma proposta de mapeamento dos instrumentos utilizados na operacionalização do Processo de Enfermagem junto a pessoas com doenças de pele nos serviços de saúde. Método: trata-se de um protocolo de revisão de escopo orientado pela metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI), tendo como pergunta de pesquisa: quais instrumentos estão disponíveis para a operacionalização do Processo de Enfermagem junto a pessoas com doenças de pele nos serviços de saúde? As bases de dados utilizadas serão: Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library e Embase, além da literatura cinzenta. Não será aplicado recorte temporal, restrição de idiomas e de local dos estudos. A triagem dos estudos será realizada por dois revisores independentes e, em caso de divergências, estas serão resolvidas por consenso ou pela decisão de um terceiro revisor. Os dados serão extraídos por meio de um instrumento de coleta de dados desenvolvido para esse fim. Os resultados serão apresentados em quadros, tabelas ou fluxogramas, acompanhados de uma discussão narrativa e alinhados ao objetivo desta revisão de escopo.
The Legal Status of Religious Ministers: Foreign and Russian Experience of Normative Legal Regulation
Authors: Pibaev I. A.
Published: December 2024

Religious ministers are among the subjects implementing the constitutional right to freedom of religion. Their status is regulated both by the “internal law” of religious associations and by the norms of the constitutional law of a particular state, which determines the complexity of the study. The aim of this paper is to make a comparative study of the most significant legislative bases of the legal status of religious ministers in fifty-seven countries. The research will allow us to verify the hypothesis about the validity of singling out the subinstitution of religious ministers within the framework of the complex constitutional legal institution of freedom of religion. For the comparative analysis, the author uses five criteria that make it possible to consider the limits of the autonomy of religious organizations with regard to the appointment of their ministers and the guarantees of securing their status: the requirement of citizenship, the binding obligation to notify the authorities of their appointment, the maintenance of registers of ministers, the peculiarities of instituting criminal proceedings with regard to the interaction with religious associations and the restrictions on their activities. The author uses formal-dogmatic and functional methods together with the comparative legal method. Conclusions are drawn on the ways of consolidating certain aspects of the status of religious ministers in regulatory legal acts and, taking into account certain comparative criteria, the options of state regulation with the most restrictive effect are determined.
The Art of Persuasion in the Courtroom: A Reflection on Courtroom Rhetoric, Possible Risks and Technological Advancements
Authors: Marcheva P. E. , Golovina N. M.
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the intricate relationship between classical rhetoric, legal rhetoric and the inherent risks faced by advocates during courtroom speeches. It delves into the fundamental principles of persuasive communication within legal contexts and legal discourse, examining how choice of language, structure, tone and voice level can significantly influence trial outcomes and perceptions pf decision-makers and the audiences. The analysis highlights various rhetorical strategies employed by advocates while also addressing potential pitfalls, including the risk of misinterpretation, emotional overload, and the lack of trust on behalf of a judge. Through case studies and expert insights, the paper provides a comprehensive understanding of how effective rhetoric can navigate the complexities of legal discourse while mitigating associated risks. Ultimately, it aims to equip advocates with the necessary tools to enhance their representation practices within the courtroom setting.
THE MAKING OF A TRANSLOCAL ANTI-GENDER ALLIANCE AND HOPE FOR PROGRESSIVE CHANGE
Authors: Demirsu Ipek
Published: December 2024

The article aims to unpack the alliance between the religious right, far-right, and populist rights actors in Verona while offering insights into possibilities of progressive change in a setting previously controlled by traditionalist and nativist groups. Premised on a larger three-year-long fieldwork project, the article undertakes a historical analysis utilizing archival data and ethnographic observations to investigate local dynamics that have led to the formation of anti-gender alliance and its connections with international counterparts, most notably revealed by the World Congress of Families 2019. It is argued that the societal vision shared by ultra-Catholic and far-right actors, influenced by wider (trans)national themes, becomes institutionalized in local administration through populist right parties. However, an analysis of the victory of a progressive local administration in 2022 reveals that progressive social change is made possible by networks of solidarity that similarly cultivate collaboration among progressive institutional actors and civil society groups.
Brief analysis of the architecture and topology of an electromechanical braking system for wheeled vehicles
Authors: Lapenkov Roman A. , Grigor’ev Maksim V. , Anisimov Alexander V. , Galimov Azat A. , Lyskov Aleksandr N. , Malinovsky Mikhail P.
Published: December 2024

Background. With the implementation of the main paradigm of the modern automotive industry, which consists in increasing the environmental friendliness, electrification and intellectualization of cars, the demand for electromechanical brake systems is rapidly growing. However, not a single design variant of the electromechanical brake drive has yet been introduced into serial production, although many publications and patent applications have been made. One of the main reasons for this is the need to optimize functional safety, which follows from the lack of a mechanical or hydraulic connection between the brake pedal and the actuator brake mechanisms. An electromechanical brake drive is used in the braking system of a vehicle as an actuator that converts electrical energy into translational motion of the rod to actuate the service brake mechanism.
Aim of the work is to analyze the currently existing architectures and topologies of electromechanical brake drives.
Materials and methods. The study used the methods of scientific analysis, synthesis, generalization, as well as a patent search and analysis of scientific publications in open sources.
Results. The article provides a general classification of brake systems, shows the advantages of the electrohydraulic brake drive as a predecessor of electromechanical brakes from the point of view of the evolution of control systems and the problems that arose during its implementation. A typical architecture of an electromechanical brake system adapted to intelligent vehicles is considered. Indirect and direct methods of controlling the electromechanical brake drive, their features and possible implementation options are analyzed. Based on the basic structure, an evaluation algorithm for indirect control of the compression force and clamping of the disks on the wheel and an algorithm for direct control of the actuator are generalized. Options for the topology of an electromechanical brake drive are given as applied to a two-axle bus.
Conclusions. The article summarizes the current progress and future prospects in the field of creating electromechanical brake systems.
Repensar o Quinto Império a partir de Eduardo Lourenço e Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Borges Paulo
Published: December 2024

We rethink one of the most prominent identity myths in Portuguese culture – the Fifth Empire – starting from Eduardo Lourenço’s interpretation of national mythology and Pessoa’s contribution to it, and revisiting Pessoa’s theory of the Fifth Empire from there. In critical dialogue with the two authors, and exploring the narrative and imagery of its biblical textual source, we propose a multidimensional reading of the fifth imperial theme that results in a profound transformation of the way it is considered, in which the appropriateness of the very designation ‘Empire’ is questioned. A trans-imperial thought of the Fifth Empire responds to the challenge, formulated by Pessoa and Lourenço, of reinventing a new meaning for Portuguese culture and nation.
Hiperidentidade e colonialidade: encruzilhada e demarcação de imaginários
Authors: Noa Francisco
Published: December 2024

Eduardo Lourenço ended up being responsible for a systematic, consistent and coherent reflection on the people to which he always belonged, with detachment and distance, an extremely demanding challenge for any scholar, especially when placed in his own cause. Portraying the specificity of a people, in this case, his own, with seriousness and honesty, is always an overwhelming, painful and often slippery exercise. The work of this singular thinker allows us to revisit and reassess the profile of an imaginary that, according to him, crossing the duality of “being Portuguese” and “being a colonizer” as a structuring factor, translates the permanence of attitudes, perceptions, beliefs and myths in which the excess of identity (hyperidentity) intersects with the still persistent denial of the other (coloniality), accentuated by the growing and massive flow of migration wich has Europe as its destination. The productivity and breadth of his thinking undeniably contribute to strengthening the discussion, always incandescent and inconclusive, now in the light of globalization, on the theme of the identity of African literatures and of the individuals themselves, as effects of European domination.
Elogio de la Filosofía del Derecho
Authors: Atienza Rodríguez Manuel
Published: December 2024

Discurso
Crónica de las Jornadas sobre "Trabajo y género: transiciones justas hacia la igualdad laboral real”, celebradas en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de León los días 14 y 21 de marzo y 11 y 18 de abril de 2024
Authors: Prieto Pérez Tamara
Published: December 2024

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Psychosocial risks for post-partum depression among pregnant women in selected health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Kahiga Keziah W. , Makworo Drusilla M. , Ndegwa Stephen N.
Published: December 2024

Background: Post-partum depression (PPD) is an impactful public health problem. Events prior to and in the peripartum period can predispose a pregnant woman to mental deviations in the post-partum period since pregnancy results in major physiological, social and psychological changes. This study sought to assess the psychosocial determinants of post-natal depression among pregnant women.
Methods: A hospital-based comparative design was employed to collect data from 392 antenatal mothers in two hospitals and were in their first or second trimester, selected using simple random method from the antenatal register. They were assessed for psychosocial risks using the antenatal risk questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 29.
Results: The mothers were mainly below 18 years (53.1%, 41.5%, p=0.024); had no income or depended on spousal support (54.6%, 51.8%, p=0.618). Prolonged periods of worry which interfered with work or relationships accounted for 54.1% and 56.9% (p=0.027). Partner emotional support was reported by 46.9%, and 48.5% (p=0.000) and they would have support with the baby (47.9%, 43%, p=0.000). There are those who reported to be worriers (75%, 84.2%, p=0.000) and those who become upset when there is no order in their life (81.7%, 80.6%, PPI=0.000). Most of the participants had not experienced emotional support when growing up (74.5%, 87.2%, p=0.002) nor sexual/physical abuse (84.2%, 96.9%, p=0.000). Marital status and educational level were significantly associated with the total psychosocial risk score (F=3.123; p=0.031, 0.001).
Conclusions: psychosocial determinants of PPD include young age, poor source of income and prolonged periods of worry.
Predictors of antiretroviral therapy interruption on community viral load among people living with HIV in Siaya County, Kenya
Authors: Jared Ombagi A. , Oyore John , Nyamache Anthony
Published: December 2024

Background: Community viral load (VL) suppression is essential for assessing HIV treatment effectiveness, uptake, and impact on new HIV infections. Siaya is among the highest HIV burdens County in Kenya, with a prevalence rate of 13.2%, representing 96,297 estimated people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Among retained clients, 90% were virally suppressed, accounting for 51% of estimated PLWHIV.
Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective, and qualitative study was conducted in Gem sub-County of Siaya County, Western Kenya, among re-engaged PLWHIV who interrupted treatment. Data was collected from 13 facilities with highest rates of treatment interruption between January 2017 and December 2022. Participants with shorter appointments were interviewed during clinic visits. Their prospective and retrospective data were merged and analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, Kaplan–Meier, and Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate associations between demographic, cultural, and socioeconomic characteristics and VL suppression.
Results: Of 311 participants assessed, median was age 45 years (IQR: 37–52) and VL suppression rate of 55%. Clients with primary education had lower non-suppression rates than those with university education (HR 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26–0.76), and non-suppression was higher among those in formal employment compared to business (HR 1.95; 95% CI, 1.07–3.53). PLWHIV on ART for over 24 months had lower non-suppression rates (HR 0.5; 95% CI, 0.35–0.73) than those on ART for under 12 months.
Conclusions: University education, formal job, or being on ART for less than 12 months increased the risk of attrition. Implementation of client-centred HIV services may improve community VL suppression.
A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practice of using personal protective equipment among farmers using pesticides
Authors: Yaseen Mohammed , Bhat Waseem Hussain , Madhav Dhruv Divesh , Krishnan Athira , Ramaiah Balakeshwa
Published: December 2024

Background: India’s vast agricultural sector is crucial to the global economy, providing food, raw materials, and employment. However, pesticide use poses significant health risks to farmers. Pesticides, classified by the WHO based on toxicity, can accumulate in the environment, leading to long-term health issues like neurotoxicity and cancer. Despite the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), its use is often inadequate due to gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice. This cross-sectional study evaluated these aspects among farmers in Bangalore, India, aiming to identify deficiencies and provide recommendations to improve PPE usage, thereby enhancing farmer safety and promoting sustainable agriculture. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) among farmers in Bangalore, India.
Methods: This study involved face-to-face interviews with 213 farmers using a structured questionnaire. The main objective was to evaluate the farmers’ KAP towards pesticide use and PPE. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software for Windows, version 22 (Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics summarized the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population, while Pearson's correlation analyzed the relationships between knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding PPE usage.
Results: Out of 213 farmers, 58.2% exhibited low knowledge of PPE, 36.6% moderate, and 5.2% high. Attitudinally, 46.5% were unconcerned, 52.6% neutral, and 0.9% concerned about PPE. Practically, 20.2% demonstrated poor PPE practices, 53.5% fair, and 26.35% good.
Conclusions: The study highlights significant gaps in knowledge and practice of PPE among farmers. Educational interventions are necessary to improve PPE usage, ensuring better health and environmental safety.
Clinical profile of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in children medical centre Tehran
Authors: Aga Masooma , Memar Elmira Haji Esmail , Mir Naseer Yousuf
Published: December 2024

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common finding in newborns especially during the first week of birth. Hyperbilirubinemia in most of the cases is not dangerous and usually results from a physiologic cause. However, due to the capability of unconjugated bilirubin to pass via the blood brain barrier and its neurotoxic effect, proper assessment and management of neonatal jaundice is important for prevention of avoidable neurological complications of NNJ, such as kernicterus.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which studied 220 neonates >34 weeks of GA diagnosed with jaundice admitted in the neonatal ward.
Results: A total of 220 patients with neonatal jaundice were enrolled in the study, 56.8% were male and 43.2% were female. The mean gestational age was 37.56 weeks with 80% of term. The mean birth weight of the study population was 3085.44±540.9 g. The mean total serum bilirubin was 15.908±4.36 mg/dl. In etiology 19.1% were having ABO incompatible, 17.3% were Rh incompatible, 12.7% were IDM, 5.5% were G6PD deficiency, 3% had ABO as well as Rh incompatibility and 0.9% were septic with positive blood culture. Phototherapy (75%) and exchange therapy (5%) was treatment modality during hospitalization.
Conclusions: Neonatal jaundice is an important neonatal condition and needs proper and timely intervention for prevention of avoidable neurological complications. Mostly its physiological but pathological jaundice should also be considered when jaundice appears early or is severe. Intensive phototherapy is most common treatment modality but a significant number needs exchange transfusion.
Patient perceptions of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of infertility: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Babita  , Dev Kapil
Published: December 2024

Background: Infertility is a significant global health concern, affecting a substantial percentage of couples. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) has emerged as a key diagnostic tool in the evaluation along with treatment of infertility, offering improved imaging quality for the assessment of reproductive health conditions. This study aimed to gauge patient perceptions of the effectiveness, comfort, and role of TVUS in infertility diagnosis and treatment planning.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted across 200 women undergoing infertility evaluation at a reproductive health clinic. Data was collected utilising a structured questionnaire that included demographic information, clinical history, and patient perceptions of TVUS. Variables such as effectiveness, comfort during the procedure, and the role of TVUS in treatment planning were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were utilised to encapsulate the data, and results were offered as frequencies along with percentages.
Results: The majority of participants (72.0%) were aged 25-34 years, with 58.4% being married and 64.8% having a college education. Most participants (62.0%) had experienced infertility for 1-5 years, and 46.0% had a previous diagnosis of reproductive health conditions. A large portion of participants (38.5%) strongly agreed that TVUS was effective in providing diagnostic insights, and 45.5% agreed that they felt comfortable during the procedure. Additionally, 48.5% agreed that TVUS played a crucial role in their treatment planning.
Conclusions: Transvaginal ultrasound is perceived as an effective and valuable tool in the diagnosis along with management of infertility. While most patients reported comfort with the procedure, there remains a need to address the experiences of those who expressed discomfort. The conclusions highlight the importance of TVUS in shaping treatment strategies and enhancing patient outcomes in infertility care.
Breast feeding practices: positioning and attachment among postnatal mothers - a hospital based cross sectional study in Nagpur, Maharashtra
Authors: B. R. Deepika Nair , Thakre Subhash B. , Narlawar Uday W. , P. Ajaya Krishnan , Bembade Shubhangi S.
Published: December 2024

Background: Breastfeeding is a critical aspect of infant care, contributing significantly to the overall health and well-being of newborns. Despite the established benefits of breastfeeding, challenges persist, with proper positioning and attachment playing pivotal roles in ensuring its success. This study aims to evaluate breastfeeding techniques among postnatal mothers and identify the factors that influence proper positioning and attachment during breastfeeding.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 265 mothers and infants in a tertiary health care centre in central India. Breastfeeding techniques were assessed using a checklist aligned with the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness guidelines. The key outcome variables included the percentage of mothers demonstrating proper positioning, correct attachment, and effective suckling. Data analysis was conducted using Epi Info software, with relevant statistical tests applied to interpret the results.
Results: The proportion of mothers having correct breastfeeding position, attachment and effective suckling was 51.7%,75.8% and 74.7% respectively. Maternal educational status, parity, family type and education on breastfeeding technique are identified as significant factors associated with proper breastfeeding techniques. Term babies and those with a normal birth weight show significantly better attachment and more effective suckling compared to preterm and low birth weight infants.
Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for targeted education and support to enhance breastfeeding practices, contributing to improved maternal and infant health outcome.
Effect of leaf extract of Carica papaya gel as local drug delivery in periodontitis subjects
Authors: Kalburgi Nagaraj B. , Koregol Arati C. , Roy Anjaly , Sulthana Uzma P. , Hiremath Jayadev N.
Published: December 2024

Background: The destruction of tooth supporting structures as a result of an inflammatory host response is the characteristic of periodontitis. Mechanical plaque management techniques like non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is crucial for preventing these diseases. Carica papaya leaves are rich in nutrients and vitamins and possess antibacterial, anti-fungal, properties and can be used as a reasonably safe alternative to synthetic pharmaceuticals. Objectives were to evaluate, compare and correlate the clinical parameters at baseline and 21st day after non-surgical periodontal therapy alone and after placement of Carica papaya gel.
Methods: A total of 50 subjects with chronic periodontitis were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups - group A, non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (25), and group B, non-surgical periodontal therapy followed by local drug delivery with Carica papaya gel at selected sites (25). Gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline and 21st day.
Results: A statistical reduction in the clinical parameters was seen in both the groups. But comparatively Carica papaya leaf extract gel showed more reduction in BOP, inflammation and probing depth when compared with group A.
Conclusions: Carica papaya gel in the form of LDD have demonstrated the efficacy and safety as adjunct products to non-surgical periodontal therapy, with notable improvements in the clinical outcomes which attributed to their anti-inflammatory property. Hence, Carica papaya gel can be used as a promising therapeutic agent.
Assessment of suicidal risk and its associated factors amongst medical undergraduate students in a tertiary care center: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Srinivasan Sahana , Sureshkumar Arvind Kumar , Agarwal Prerna , Sanbak Nusaifa A. K. , Dahiya Shubham , P. Arulmozhi , S. Arun Murugan
Published: December 2024

Background: Suicide ideation among medical students is a significant mental health concern globally. The demanding nature of medical education, combined with various personal and professional stressors, makes medical students vulnerable to mental health issues, including depression and suicidal thoughts.
Methods: 250 medical undergraduate students from Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate were chosen. The risk of suicide was assessed through the suicide behaviors questionnaire - revised criteria (SBQ-R criteria). Scores were calculated for each response and analyzed.
Results: The study revealed that 13.5% of students experienced self-destructive thoughts, with 39.4% contemplating or attempting suicide; 26.1% felt they might attempt suicide someday, and 6.1% had attempted more than five times in the past year. Despite this, only 20% shared their suicidal thoughts with trusted individuals. Academic stressors were significant, with 26.9% struggling with the heavy curriculum, 16.3% with low scores, and 5.3% affected by patient suffering. Family support was crucial but underutilized, with only 20.4% seeking family help in distress. Alcohol consumption was reported by 25.3%, relationship pressures affected 23.7%, and 4.5% by social media pressures.
Conclusions: The study highlights a significant prevalence of suicidal ideation among medical students, underscoring a critical public health concern. The findings suggest that the rigorous demands of medical education, combined with high stress levels and mental health challenges, contribute to this alarming trend. Addressing these issues requires comprehensive support systems, including accessible mental health services, stress management programs, and a nurturing educational environment.
Knowledge, attitude and practices towards oral health among law students in Davangere city: a cross sectional survey
Authors: D. J. Veeresh , Yavagal Puja C. , Verma Prajakta J. , Poornananda  , Vijapur Pooja , B. Prathibha
Published: December 2024

Background: Law students play an important role in health promotion and preventive information dissemination among family members and society. A study was done to assess knowledge, attitude practices towards oral health among law students in Davangere city. Aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices related to oral health among law students in Davangere city.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was done involving 200 law students of R. L. Law College in Davangere. Data regarding demographic details and knowledge, attitude and practices regarding oral health was collected from research participants using a questionnaire which was tested for validity and reliability. Responses were presented in percentages and Pearson’s correlation test was used for data analysis.
Results: Majority (79.5%) of law students had good oral health related knowledge. Majority (93%) of them agreed to the fact that oral health is important for overall health of the body. There was no significant correlation (p>0.05) between knowledge scores and gender and the year of academic course of the law students.
Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude and practices towards oral health among law students in Davangere city was fair.
A study to assess the effectiveness of community health nurse led educational module on modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among adults residing at selected urban areas, Chennai
Authors: Krishnamurthy Tamilselvi , Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam , Venkatachalam Gomathi Priya , Narayanasamy Vanitha , Sheriff Dhastagir Sultan
Published: December 2024

Knowledge is an important pre-requisite for implementing both primary as well as secondary preventive strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD). There are no estimates of the level of knowledge of risk factor of heart disease in patients with CVD. Therefore, educating the public with relevant information related to cardiac health will help reduce the spread of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). One of the community-based strategy is to educate participants about cardiac health and CVD. A nurse-led intervention was carried out to bring about a change in the behaviour participants related to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors related to CVD. The present study indicates the value of educating the public about risk factors associated with CVD.
Out of the blue presentation out of the box management: diphtheria cases in Vadodara
Authors: Aiyer Sheila , Sovani Vishwas
Published: December 2024

Diphtheria cases continue to be reported in India despite the national immunization programme although there has been an age shift to older children and adults in the recent outbreaks. This case study follows 17 patients of diphtheria treated at Sir Sayajirao General Hospital Vadodara between September 2022 and September 2023, their clinicoepidemiological profile and management.  There were 4 females and 13 males, ages from 7 months to 11 years. While most cases had pharyngeal disease (grade 1), one case had nasopharyngeal disease (grade 2) and three had diseases for more than 3 days and extending to the neck (grade 3). Albert stain was reported positive in 10 cases and culture was not grown in any. Most cases were unimmunized or partially immunized. Mean duration of hospital stay was 9.3 days, longest being 35 days. Three cases died on day 2,4 and 21. In addition to crystalline penicillin, majority were administered Metronidazole and carnitine. DAT was used in doses of 40000, 60000 or 80000 IU uneventfully. When therapy is started based on clinical findings, adding metronidazole increases the spectrum of coverage and using levocarnitine protects against cardiomyopathy. In our series none of our cases died of cardiomyopathy. DAT was not involved in any of the deaths and was found safe and effective in all the cases. Diphtheria persists in different pockets in India and the only way of controlling it by increasing vaccine coverage.
Case report on monochorionic diamniotic twins with gestational hypertension
Authors: Amin Salma , Bhat Adil A.
Published: December 2024

Monochorionic diamniotic twins share a single placenta, posing increased risks for complications such as twin-twin transfusion syndrome, preëclampsia and gestational hypertension. The presence of gestational hypertension in MCDA pregnancies adds complexity to maternal and fetal management.
This case report aims to describe the management and outcomes of a patient having MCDA twins with gestational hypertension. A 28-year-old G5P3L3A1 at 28 weeks of gestation, developed hypertension, which resulted in a difficult clinical course. Ultimately, at 39 weeks + 4 days of gestation, the twins were delivered by standard vaginal delivery. The patient was managed with antihypertensive medication and maternal monitoring for signs of preeclampsia. This case report demonstrates that, with diligent monitoring and appropriate management, it is possible to mitigate some of the adverse effects of gestational hypertension on MCDA twin pregnancies. This serves as a beacon of hope for healthcare providers and families facing similar complex scenarios.
Exercise-based interventions for ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Salem Alaffari Naif , Alqahtani Faisal Ali , Alhudiry Saeed Ahmed , Alharthi Nada Marwa , Melibari Ghaidaa Malik , Alessa Fatima Ismail , Khan Abdulrahman Anis , Alanzi Yousif Bader
Published: December 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the axial skeleton, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced spinal mobility. Exercise-based interventions have emerged as an essential non-pharmacological approach to managing AS, complementing pharmacological treatments. Aerobic exercises, such as swimming and cycling, contribute to cardiovascular fitness while alleviating inflammation and fatigue. Strength training addresses muscle imbalances, enhances postural stability, and prevents further functional deterioration. These benefits are amplified when aerobic and strength exercises are combined, providing comprehensive improvements in mobility, physical function, and overall health. Flexibility exercises, including stretching routines and yoga, play a critical role in maintaining spinal mobility and mitigating the effects of spinal fusion. These interventions target the axial skeleton and surrounding musculature, improving range of motion and reducing stiffness. Innovative modalities such as aquatic therapy further enhance flexibility by minimizing joint stress while promoting effective movement. Tailored exercise programs designed to meet the specific needs of AS patients optimize outcomes by addressing individual limitations and disease severity. These programs integrate various exercise modalities, ensuring sustained physical and psychological benefits. Supervised sessions, group activities, and emerging technologies like teleconsultations enhance adherence and accessibility. Furthermore, the integration of relaxation techniques and mindfulness within exercise regimens provides additional mental health advantages. The holistic benefits of exercise extend beyond physical improvements, addressing psychological challenges such as depression and anxiety often associated with chronic diseases. By maintaining mobility, alleviating pain, and enhancing quality of life, exercise-based interventions underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in managing AS. Ongoing research continues to refine these strategies, highlighting their potential in reducing disease burden and improving long-term outcomes for individuals with AS.
Prosthodontic care for patients with trismus: a comprehensive review
Authors: Mohammed Binhuraib Haitham , Almousa Ward Saad , Nasser Taghreed Mohammed , Alwasifr Aysha Riyadh , Almutawa Manar Yahya , Aali-alsufyani Abdulmjeed- , Alghamdi Asmaa Abdullah , Flimban Abdulaziz Fahmy , Alshahrani Saud Mubarak , Abdullah Fatimah , Aljadani Faisal Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Trismus, characterized by restricted mouth opening, poses significant challenges in prosthodontic management due to its multifactorial etiology and impact on oral functionality. Common causes include trauma, temporomandibular joint disorders, malignancies, and radiation therapy, all of which can result in muscular or joint dysfunction. Clinically, patients experience difficulties in mastication, speech, and oral hygiene, which compromise their quality of life and complicate prosthodontic treatment. Addressing these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach and the integration of advanced techniques. Innovative prosthodontic solutions have emerged to address the mechanical and esthetic needs of trismus patients. Sectional impression trays, intraoral scanners, and CAD/CAM technologies have improved the accuracy of prosthesis fabrication and reduced patient discomfort. Flexible materials, such as thermoplastics and high-strength ceramics, enhance the durability and comfort of prosthetic devices, while implant-retained prostheses offer stable, long-term solutions. These advancements not only restore oral functionality but also significantly enhance psychological well-being by improving esthetics and social confidence. Rehabilitation outcomes in trismus care extend beyond oral functionality. Effective prosthodontic interventions contribute to improved nutritional intake and systemic health by enabling patients to consume a more diverse and balanced diet. Psychological benefits, including reduced anxiety and enhanced self-esteem, are integral to the success of trismus management. Long-term success relies on tailored maintenance protocols, patient education, and emerging technologies like telemedicine, which support accessibility and consistent care. Comprehensive prosthodontic care, leveraging innovation and patient-centered strategies, addresses the multifaceted challenges of trismus. These approaches enhance both immediate and long-term outcomes, improving quality of life and ensuring holistic rehabilitation for affected patients. Advances in technology and materials continue to expand possibilities, paving the way for more effective and accessible solutions in the management of this complex condition.
Evaluating maternal health service coverage across districts of Himachal Pradesh, India through composite index approach
Authors: Chauhan Anjali , Sharma Komal , Sethi Gaurav
Published: December 2024

Despite advancements in maternal health in India, disparities in service coverage persist, particularly in rural and challenging regions. This study evaluates the maternal health service coverage index (MHSI) in Himachal Pradesh, a predominantly hilly state with a largely rural population. By calculating this composite index, the study aims to identify disparities in service utilization across districts. The findings will inform targeted interventions to improve maternal health outcomes and address inequalities within the state. A retrospective analysis was conducted using maternal health indicators from the health management information system (HMIS) report of Himachal Pradesh from March 2020 to April 2024. Separate indices for antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal services were calculated which were then combined into a composite index (MHSI) using arithmetic mean method. The analysis revealed significant disparities in maternal health service coverage across districts. Districts like Bilaspur, Mandi, and Shimla consistently showed high composite indices, indicating robust maternal health services. In contrast, remote districts such as Lahul and Spiti, Kinnaur, and Chamba faced challenges in service coverage, particularly in antenatal care (ANC) and perinatal care. The findings highlight significant disparities in maternal health service coverage across Himachal Pradesh, particularly in remote districts (Lahaul-Spiti and Kinnaur). These disparities underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve access to and utilization of maternal health services in underserved regions.