bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrological soil properties control tree regrowth after forest disturbance in the forest-steppe of central Mongolia
Authors: Schneider Florian , Klinge Michael , Brodthuhn Jannik , Peplau Tino , Sauer Daniela
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The central Mongolian forest-steppe is a sensitive ecotone, commonly affected by disturbances such as logging and forest fires. In addition, intensified drought events aggravate stress on the trees that are anyway at their drier limit in the forest-steppe. Climate change increases evapotranspiration and reduces the distribution of discontinuous permafrost. The motivation for this study came about through our previous observation that forest stands show great differences with respect to their recovery after disturbance by fire or logging. Sometimes, no regrowth of trees takes place at all. As water availability is the main limiting factor of forest growth in this region, we hypothesized that differences in hydrological soil properties control the forest-recovery pattern. To test this hypothesis, we analysed soil properties under forests, predominantly consisting of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.), in the forest-steppe of the northern Khangai Mountains in central Mongolia. We distinguished four vegetation categories: 1. near-natural forest (FOR), 2. steppe close to the forest (STE), 3. disturbed forest with regrowth of trees (DWIR), and 4. disturbed forest showing no regrowth of trees (DNOR). 54 soil profiles were described in the field and sampled for soil chemical, physical, and hydrological analysis. We found a significant difference in soil texture between soils under DWIR and DNOR. Sand generally dominated the soil texture, but soils under DWIR had more silt and clay compared to soils under DNOR. Soil pF curves showed that soils under DWIR had higher plant-available field capacity than soils under DNOR. In addition, hydraulic conductivity was higher in the uppermost horizons of soils under DWIR compared to soils under DNOR. Chemical properties of the soils under DWIR and DNOR showed no significant differences. We conclude that the differences in post-disturbance tree regrowth are mainly caused by soil hydrological properties. High plant-available field capacity is the key factor for forest recovery under semi-arid conditions. High hydraulic conductivity in the uppermost soil horizons can further support tree regrowth, because it reduces evaporation loss and competition of larch saplings with grasses and herbs for water. Another important factor is human impact, particularly grazing on cleared forest sites, which often keeps seedlings from growing and thus inhibits forest recovery. Permafrost was absent at all studied disturbed sites (DWIR, DNOR). We thus conclude that it is not a major factor for the post-disturbance tree-regrowth pattern, although it does contribute to water availability in summer.
THE INTERNET IS TRASH: MAKING SENSE OF TOXIC NETWORKS
Authors: Buck Amber M. , Tekobbe Cindy , Edwards Dustin , Beck Estee
Published: October 2020

This panel brings together scholars studying distinct aspects of internet culture in order to make sense of the negative byproducts of online spaces. Each presenter takes on a different topic: political internet memes, fan subcultures, conscious disconnection from internet platforms, and physical digital waste to consider the consequences of internet life. Using distinct methodologies: case study interviews, ethnography, textual studies and histories, and autoethnography, this panel considers what internet scholars can learn from the unsavory parts of the internet. Working with notions of internet waste, these presentations serve to build out a broad set of perspectives about the potential value in the trash internet, what we can learn from it, and how we can think more deeply about that which has little value or consideration in the internet life of clicks, posts, shares, likes, and follows. Through these presentations, the speakers ask the audience to consider their own views of internet garbage and to think about remedies to the toxic ecologies that impact life - both virtual and literal.
SOCIALITY AND MONETIZATION ON LIVE STREAMING PLATFORMS
Authors: Bowman Nick , Johnson Mark Richard , Woodcock Jamie , Partin Will , Jackson Nathan
Published: October 2020

This panel presents ongoing research into online “live streaming” platforms, which offer the live broadcast of individuals’ activities - primarily but not exclusively digital gameplay - over the internet to potentially massive worldwide audiences. The largest platform in this area (on which we focus) is Twitch.tv, already the 30th most-viewed website in the world, with comparable platforms boasting large viewing numbers in China, Korea, and Japan. Our first talk examines Twitch as the dominant leading live streaming platform, outlining its evolution and historical origins while unpacking some of the fundamental user-platform relationships manifested on the site. The second addresses itself to the sociality of live streaming, which unlike traditional video media formats enables a rapid live exchange of comments and conversation between live streaming producers and consumers. The third paper presents an overview and typology of monetization methods in live streaming, focusing in particular on the gamified and “gamblified” elements of making money through the practice, as well as how these practices have evolved through a three-way dialogue between viewers, “streamers”, and platforms. The fourth paper builds on this by examining the on-platform currency of Twitch, known as “Bits”, and how the platform captured donations from viewers through the implementation of this currency system. The fifth and final paper will then further develop these critical enquiries into monetization methods and platform dynamics by presenting a number of extremely contemporary developments in this area on Twitch, exploring new the routes for capital flow enabled by new platform infrastructures and technological systems.
TMI: INFORMATION RHETORIC TYPES IN DIGITAL POLITICAL	INFOGRAPHICS
Authors: Amit-Danhi Eedan
Published: October 2020

Visualizations are reliant on visual encoding, in which attributes of data are depicted through graphic symbols (Cairo, 2019). As such, they are placed as a transitional mode between data and information in the linear framework of the "wisdom hierarchy" (DIKW). In the digital information environment, both the linear learning process and the distinction between data and information merit a re-evaluation. This paper seeks to create a better understanding of information's role in digital culture, by venturing to re-examine its attributes. Relying on a sample of all visualizations posted by the top four candidates of the 2016 US elections (n=252), I applied qualitative grounded analysis informed by theory: First, I constructed a conceptual model for the attributes of information, which relies on three layers – (1) foundation (substantiation/sources); (2) building blocks (data components); (3) data-structures (analysis). Second, following a classification of all units according to this model, I defined types of visualization rhetoric that each rely on specific formulations of information attributes (foundation, building blocks and structure) to make a political argument. Finally, I identify two modes of visual information-rhetoric in elections: unveiling and imagining. The model and categories defined in this study demonstrate how the rhetorical agility required for modern political campaigning seems to muddle the axiomatic distinctions of data and information and create new, unpredictable hybrid information and rhetorical types, some of which rely heavily on estimations and fantasy, rather than empirical observation and evidence.
MATERIAL ENTANGLEMENTS OF COMMUNITY SURVEILLANCE & INFRASTRUCTURAL	POWER
Authors: Bridges Lauren E.
Published: October 2020

Through the case study of Amazon Ring's cameras, this paper explores the deepening material and discursive alliance between public and private institutions in the building of digital infrastructures that support the development of community surveillance. The analysis reveals a complex supply-chain network entangled with histories of settler-colonialism, racialization and gendered inequities. Bolstered by developments in cloud computing, concealing the human and nonhuman supply-chains, these systems are never detached from material inputs; rather, they are embedded in vast infrastructural systems and complex transnational supply chains powered by logics of extraction, circulation and accumulation of capital. I argue that Amazon Ring cameras are an articulation of “infrastructural power” defined by Laleh Khalili (2018: 915) as an assemblage of “practices, discourses, physical fixtures, laws and procedures” with the aim of (re)producing capitalist relations. Through a material and discursive analysis, this paper aims to draw into the light the complex human and non-human entanglements that constitute community surveillance networks in order to move towards an infrastructural critique so that we may more effectively evaluate the social costs of digital systems that can never be detached from their material and human creators.
INVESTIGATING BOTS AND COORDINATED INFLUENCE CAMPAIGNS IN TWITTER	DISCUSSIONS OF THE 2019-20 IRAN PROTESTS
Authors: Dehghan Ehsan , Moon Brenda , Keller Tobias , Graham Timothy , Bruns Axel , Angus Daniel
Published: October 2020

Twitter has been a vital platform for organizing, coordinating, and amplifying voices during protests, especially in non-democratic countries. Although it is a globally used platform for protest movements, many studies focus on English-speaking and democratic countries. We overcome this research gap by investigating Persian, English, and Arabic tweets during the 2019-2020 protests in Iran. In this work-in-progress paper, we collected approximately 5,500,000 tweets, and apply social network analysis, Botometer and qualitative analysis, to map the Twittersphere revolving around Iran protests (RQ1). We focus on the evidence of the presence of bots, bot networks, coordinated misinformation campaigns and political astroturfing in the discussions (RQ2). Our preliminary results indicate the presence of strong homophilous networks of users formed around various political interests. At least two of the clusters in the network show an unusually high proportion of suspicious accounts. Interestingly, these clusters reflect antagonistic political affiliations—one consists mainly of pro-regime Iranian accounts, the other of anti-regime accounts tweeting in Arabic. The broader findings from this study will be valuable for understanding digital activism, protests, and political communication in authoritarian and semi-authoritarian contexts.
DETECTING COORDINATED LINK SHARING BEHAVIOR ON FACEBOOK DURING THE	ITALIAN CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
Authors: Giglietto Fabio , Righetti Nicola , Marino Giada
Published: October 2020

Social media, as many scholars have shown, can be used to influence political behavior through coordinated disinformation campaigns in which participants pretend to be ordinary citizens. With a specific reference to Facebook, a recent study has spotlighted patterns of coordinated activity aimed at fueling online circulation of specific news stories before the 2018 and 2019 Italian elections, an activity called by the authors “Coordinated Link Sharing Behavior” (CLSB). More precisely, CLSB refers to the coordinated shares of the same news articles in a very short time by networks of entities composed by Facebook pages, groups and verified public profiles. The uncertainty related to the coronavirus outbreak is a unique chance for malicious actors to leverage the anxiety of online publics to reach their goals, filling the information void with problematic content. Considering the association between coordination, media manipulation, and problematic information, the entities involved in coordinated online activities represent a privileged perspective on these phenomena. Thus, against the backdrop of the literature and the already conducted studies, this proposal will discuss Coordinated Link Sharing Behavior in the context of the coronavirus outbreak informational void, analyzing network mutations over time and the content strategies used to exploit the ambiguity associated with the topic.
YOUTH IN THE DIGITAL AGE: ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF DIGITAL	SKILLS
Authors: Haddon Leslie , Livingstone Sonia , Mascheroni Giovanna , Stoilova Mariya , Cino Davide
Published: October 2020

What actors and factors shape children and young people’s digital skills? And how do their digital skills impact the rest of their lives? These are the two research questions addressed in this paper, along with an analysis of how the research literature to date has measured digital skills. The findings reported here come from a systematic evidence review of the antecedents and consequences of digital skills (Haddon, Cino, Doyle, Livingstone, Mascheroni and Stoilova, forthcoming) as part of the ySKILLS project funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF AN AUDIT: TRACING THE ROOTS AND REPERCUSSIONS OF THE	HRT-TRANSGENDER DATABASE
Authors: Keyes Os , Austin Jeanie , Zimmer Michael
Published: October 2020

Focus on the harms in data collection, distribution, and use in sociotechnical systems tends to reify the idea that research conducted by universities and other public-sector parties is both more ethical and more easily lends itself to auditing. This falsely positions data collection and distribution undertaken by public institutions as more available to review and scrutiny. Documenting our attempts to audit the HRT-Transgender Database - a database collected by a public university in the United States - we engage in a critical examination of not only the gaps in IRB coverage of “big data” research, but also the practical limitations and troubles involved in attempting to audit data practices that, on paper, should be highly documented. Drawing from feminist and trans studies critical approaches to information practice, our work brings into frame vital issues that researchers seeking to design oversight mechanisms should address, and begins a conversation about the visceral and often painful work of providing that oversight. This research extends from a review of the limits of IRB oversight to incorporate an interrogation of how technological interventions increase the likelihood of actual and symbolic violence in the lives of transgender people, including those not present in the actual HRT-Transgender Database.
‘LURKER’ LITERACIES: LIVING IN/THROUGH NEIGHBORHOOD FACEBOOK	GROUPS
Authors: Sipley Gina Marie
Published: October 2020

Although mythologized as a fringe or deviant behavior, ‘lurking,’ or passive participation in an online group, has become a regular part of the way we lead our lives online. My IRB approved dissertation research, which will be completed by AoIR 2020, will examine ‘lurking’ in neighborhood Facebook groups. Through community mapping and interviews of Facebook users enrolled in the same neighborhood Facebook group, this study seeks to describe both the ‘lurker’ literacy practices of Facebook group users and to understand if and how the features of the Facebook social media platform encourage these literacy practices. Given that neighborhood groups are intended for people who live in the same geographic area, there is a likelihood that many members of the group may know one another offline and in real life. Since ‘lurkers’ are groups that are typically not included in academic studies, this research will have broad appeal to scholars across the social sciences. When scholars only examine the role of active contributors and ignore the literacy practices of the silent majority of ‘lurkers’, their findings present an incomplete portrait of the way people engage in participatory culture and how these online experiences influence our offline lives.
DOES ANYONE TALK ABOUT THE ISSUES ANYMORE? THE 2016 U.S. PRESIDENTIAL	CANDIDATES' MESSAGING ON FACEBOOK AND TWITTER
Authors: Stromer-Galley Jennifer , Hemsley Jeff , Rossini Patricia , Smith Alexander , Bolden Sarah
Published: October 2020

As campaigns use social media to communicate with the public, this study investigates the dynamics of issue and image construction by the U.S. presidential candidates during the primary stage of the 2016 presidential campaign. Using computational techniques to classify candidate posts by message type and topic, we study all posts by the 17 Republican and 5 Democratic candidates from Sept. 1, 2015 through March 31, 2016. We ask whether candidates post more about their image--their character and personality--or on issues, and when they post on issues, does each candidate own specific policy issues. We also investigate which topics the public tends to engage with more. We also ask if there are differences in how the candidates use social media. Our results suggest that candidates post substantially less on the issues as compared with other types of messages. When they do post about policy topics, the candidates are associated with distinct policy positions, suggesting issue ownership as a strategic differentiator. Results also suggest campaigns use Facebook in ways different from Twitter, further reinforcing prior scholarship suggesting that campaigns use their social media for different purposes given different audiences on the platforms. Our findings indicate that campaigns overall are not discussing policy matters, thereby depriving the public the opportunity to engage in discussion of vital issues and what they would do to solve them; instead, the cult of personality seems to be further exacerbated by social media.
WHAT'S AT STAKE WHEN SEX IS DEPLATFORMED?
Authors: Tiidenberg Katrin , Van der Nagel Emily
Published: October 2020

Although sex an essential part of the human experience, there are increasing attempts to remove it from social media. This paper brings together two researchers’ extensive research (~ 50 total interviews between 2011 and 2020, an extended 2011 to 2018 ethnography with a community of NSFW bloggers on Tumblr, and a year-long observation of multiple sex related Reddit communities) with people who have incorporated various social media platforms and apps into their sex lives. Out of the analysis of this material, we argue that analyses relying on people’s lived experiences mandate a sex-positive but platform-critical approach to sex on social media, where sex deserves to be part of social media for consenting adults.
WEAPONIZATION OF LIVENESS: STREAMING DEATH AS A HYBRID MEDIA EVENT OF	TERRORIST VIOLENCE
Authors: Tikka Minttu Tuulia , Sumiala Johanna , Harju Anu , Valaskivi Katja
Published: October 2020

This paper offers a critical exploration of the notion of liveness and, in particular, the production of liveness in the context of hybrid media event of terrorist violence. With Christchurch mosque attacks of March, 2019, as the empirical context of study, the paper demonstrates i) how the perpetrator produced liveness through the live streaming of the massacre in digital media; ii) how this material circulated in diverse digital platforms; and iii) what kind of struggles emerged around visibility and erasure by way of removal as carried out by different platforms (e.g. YouTube, Facebook, Twitter). The empirical data collection and analysis is based on a method of digital media ethnography. We posit that live streaming of the Christchurch mosque attacks resulted in the weaponization of liveness (Callahan 2017), accelerating the experience of ‘real time’ witnessing of death on multiple levels. While a relatively small number of people watched the massacre take place in ‘real time’ (en direct), a much larger audience captured the ‘re-enactment’ of liveness through the active circulation and sharing of the video on different platforms. This, the paper argues, shapes the hybrid media events of terrorist violence of today not only as a phenomenon of intensified and accelerated death experienced online, but also as a phenomenon that amplifies the process of disgracing and dishonoring the dignity of human life as unique.
Clinical, Laboratory and Genetic Characteristics of Children with GCK-MODY (MODY2): Report of Four Novel Variants in GCK Gene
Authors: Altan Mustafa , Anık Ayşe , Bayar Nilay Tuğçe Işık , Bozkurt Gokay , Ünüvar Tolga , Anık Ahmet
Published: October 2020

Objective: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is the most common type of monogenic diabetes. Heterozygous inactivating variants in glucokinase (GCK) gene are related to MODY2 (GCK–MODY). In this study, we aimed to investigate the phenotype and genotype characteristics of patients with GCK–MODY.
Methods: Anthropometric and clinical characteristics (age, gender, weight, height and body mass index, complaints, family history), laboratory data (glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, lipid levels) and molecular analysis of the GCK gene were collected from the hospital records.
Results: The median age was 9.50 y (1.0–16.0), weight SDS -0.27 (-1.50–2.50), height SDS -0.09 (-2.20–1.60), and body mass index SDS -0.10 (-1.30–2.40). The median level of fasting blood glucose was 121 mg/dL (101–143), insulin was 9.50 mIU/mL (1.80–21.0), and HbA1c was 6.35% (6.20–6.60) at the time of diagnosis. Fourteen patients (78%) were diagnosed incidentally with asymptomatic hyperglycemia, while 4 patients (22%) had symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia. Ten different variants were detected in the GCK gene of 18 cases; one variant was nonsense, one variant was deletion, and the rest of the variants were missense mutations. Exon 7 was the most common location in coding regions and missense was the primary mutation type. The most common variant was c.802G>T (p.Glu268Ter) and detected in 5 (28%) patients. Four (22%) of the variants were novel; seven missense (p.Asp132Gly, p.Arg191Gln, p.Met238Thr, p.Met238Ile, p.Leu243Pro, p.Arg250Cys, p.Arg275Cys), one deletion (p.Pro153del) and one splice site mutation (c.863+3A>G).
Conclusion: Since there is no specific treatment for GCK–MODY, GCK gene mutation screening should be considered in cases with early onset mild hyperglycemia, family history of impaired fasting glycemia and negative beta-cell antibodies to avoid unnecessary use of insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs. In this study, ten different variants were detected in the GCK gene of the 18 cases, four of which were novel.
Absolution Without God: Pipe Dreams, Tragedy, and Kierkegaardian Selves in The Iceman Cometh
Authors: Palmer David
Published: October 2020

Both Eugene O'Neill and Søren Kierkegaard identify the same source of tragedy inherent in the human condition: anxiety that arises in people as they evaluate the stories they tell themselves about who they are. O'Neill presents four visions of tragedy in The Iceman Cometh, each involving a crisis of the self. All four are understood more clearly by considering Kierkegaard's ideas about anxiety and despair. The residents of Harry Hope's display tragedy as denial and diversion; Hickey, tragedy as a loss of self; Larry Slade, tragedy as a confrontation with one's own phoniness; and Parritt, an anguished passage through tragedy to absolution, a movement similar to Kierkegaard's teleological suspension of the ethical. Slade is the first of a series of characters O'Neill uses to explore confrontations with phoniness in his later plays. The relationship of tragedy to the teleological suspension of the ethical is explored by American dramatists following O'Neill.
Estilos de vida saludables y su asociación con factores personales en estudiantes universitarios UNAN–Managua 2017
Authors: Espinoza Lara Marta Lorena , Vanegas López Jairo
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Determinar si existe asociación entre los estilos de vida y factores personales en los estudiantes universitarios UNAN- MANAGUA.

Metodología: Se analizó una muestra de 753 estudiantes universitarios de 16 a 29 años de primero a quinto año de los años 2012- 2016. Se usó un diseño analítico con métodos estadísticos de pruebas de asociación de Chi cuadrado para determinar la asociación de variables y análisis de regresión logística para determinar la fuerza de asociación mediante los Odds Ratios (OR) de los factores de riesgo y conocer el valor predictivo de cada una de las dimensiones de los estilos de vida.

Resultados: La edad media de los de los estudiantes del sexo femenino es de 19 y para el sexo masculino es de 20 años, el índice de masa corporal de las estudiantes se encuentra en sobrepeso, el sexo masculino en obesidad grado 1. El 74% de los estudiantes corresponde a la zona urbana, el 52.5% de los estudiantes en estudio no poseen ningún tipo de beca estudiantil, el 90% de los estudiantes no reporta enfermedad auto informada, y el 60% de los estudiantes de ambos sexos poseen estilo de vida inadecuado. No se encontraron diferencia en el estilo de vida según sexo. El análisis bivariado no refleja asociación estadística (valor p mayor que 0.05) entre las variables edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, procedencia, altura y estilo de vida. En el análisis de regresión logística las covariables más significativas encontradas en el modelo fueron nutrición, ejercicio, responsabilidad en salud, manejo del estrés, autorrealización y estilo de vida de los estudiantes.

Conclusión: La mayoría de los estudiantes poseen estilo de vida inadecuado. Los factores personales edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, procedencia y altura de los estudiantes no se asocian al estilo de vida de estos. En cambio, sí existe fuerte asociación entre las dimensiones nutrición, ejercicio, responsabilidad en salud, manejo del estrés, autorrealización y estilo de vida de los estudiantes.
La armonización de las carreras de educación en Nicaragua: política y perspectivas
Authors: Escobar Soriano Álvaro , Videa Xiomara Lisbeth , De Armas Roberto
Published: October 2020

Socialmente se ha reflexionado sobre las competencias que demanda la universidad que deben de los profesionales. Son estas reflexiones y demandas las que han llevado las universidades a repensar sobre el currículo con el que forman a los profesionales. Debido a esta realidad y el compromiso social de las universidades, en concreto las públicas, es que en Nicaragua se está viviendo un proceso de revisión profunda y asertiva en cuanto a los planes de estudio con los que se forman a los futuros docentes.

En este artículo se expresarán los acuerdos a los que han llegado las cuatro universidades públicas adscritas al Consejo Nacional de Universidades (CNU) con el fin de armonizar el currículo que da lugar a la formación académica de los docentes de educación media. Asimismo, se explicará, como perspectivas a futuro, los aciertos y avances que favorecerán la educación nacional. Se destaca en particular la articulación entre dos sistemas de educación (Ministerio de Educación-Universidad) en pro de desarrollar las competencias requeridas de un buen docente.
Formación de estructuras para el proceso de armonización de Carreras de educación en Nicaragua
Authors: Videa Xiomara Lisbeth , Escobar Soriano Álvaro , De Armas Roberto
Published: October 2020

El tema de la educación superior y su relevancia con la formación de profesionales de calidad, integrados y comprometidos con el desarrollo social del país, es un tema de debate que ha ocupado a los expertos en la materia. Todo en la búsqueda de responder a las necesidades y demandas sociales desde la formación académica de los ciudadanos. Por ello, la universidad preocupada por su responsabilidad social y la calidad de la enseñanza y aprendizaje, ha buscado alternativas que permitan este vínculo sociedad-universidad.

En este artículo se describe el proceso de armonización de las carreras de educación de las universidades públicas del país como una alternativa de mejora académica en correspondencia con las demandas y necesidades de la sociedad. A su vez, se destaca la formación de los docentes en tema de competencias y diseño curricular a través de lecturas, talleres y asesoría en mesas de trabajo por carrera.

La experiencia vivida durante este proceso deja un gran aprendizaje en cuanto a la concepción de un diseño construido desde la práctica, la experiencia, la ciencia de cada profesión, las necesidades y el contexto entre otros elementos que abonan a una formación integral y de calidad.
Evaluación de la calidad físico-química de las aguas subterráneas y superficiales de la zona minera de Santo Domingo – Chontales
Authors: López Hernández Maybis , Lacayo Romero Martha , Dávila López Anielka
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la calidad físico-química de cinco fuentes de agua, Peñas Blancas y Túnel Azul (subterráneas), El Sardinillo, plantel La Estrella y El Salto (superficiales) de la zona minera de Santo Domingo, Chontales. Se realizaron cinco muestreos a lo largo del río Artiguas en época lluviosa comprendidos desde septiembre hasta diciembre del 2013. Los valores obtenidos se compararon con normas o directrices nacionales e internacionales como CAPRE (Norma de Calidad del Agua para Consumo Humano), OMS (Organización Mundial para la Salud), CCME (Consejo Canadiense de Ministros del Medio Ambiente), FAO (Organización de Agricultura y Alimento) y USEPA (Agencia de Protección Ambiental de Estados Unidos) según los usos del agua, consumo humano, protección para la vida acuática y uso agrícola. Además, se calculó un valor numérico entre 0 a 100 de calidad del agua para cada sitio mediante el Software CWQI 1.0. Los índices de calidad para las aguas subterráneas se clasifican como excelentes para consumo humano y uso agrícola, siendo la calidad del agua del Túnel Azul ligeramente superior a la del pozo Peñas Blancas. El Sardinillo sitio de referencia de las aguas superficiales presenta una calidad desde regular a buena para consumo humano, pobre a buena para la protección de la vida acuática y excelente para uso agrícola considerados en las normas o criterios establecidos. El plantel, La Estrella y las del Salto presentan calidades semejantes para consumo humano y protección de la vida acuática desde pobre a marginal, así mismo regular a excelente para el uso agrícola según las consideraciones de los valores guías que se establecen en las normas. La calidad físico-química estimada para las aguas superficiales indica que no pueden ser utilizadas para consumo humano, no obstante, si pueden ser útiles para agricultura.
Trade Facilitation Effects on International Trade: Evidence From Lower-Middle and Upper-Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Yeo Alassane D. , Deng Aimin , Nadiedjoa Todine Y.
Published: October 2020

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the impact of trade facilitation on international trade, as well as the effects of two dimensions: hard and soft infrastructure. Using 18 primary variables, we constructed four indicators of 30 lower-middle-income and 33 upper-middle-income countries over the period 2011-2017. After applying the system-generalised method of moments (GMM), the main finding is that all trade facilitation indicators have a significant effect on exports. However, improvements in physical infrastructure are more likely to increase exports than the efficiency of borders, transport, information and communication technologies (ICTs) and institutions, from the most significant to the least significant. It is also found that the effect of hard infrastructure on exports is virtually the same as that of soft infrastructure. Hard and soft infrastructure must therefore be considered at the same level, as the effectiveness of international trade depends on both.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Use in Financial Markets
Authors: Yusupova Lilia Mirgaziyanovna , Kodolova Irina Arkadevna , Nikonova Tatyana Viktorovna , Agliullina Madina Irekovna , Agliullina Zarina Irekovna
Published: October 2020

The global financial system is currently at a new stage of its development, which is characterized by the introduction of information and communication technologies in all financial spheres. They allow improving business processes and company management and the process of providing services, as they enable organizations to receive more information about their customers and consumers, therefore, to provide better financial services that meet the requirements of customers.In the process of digitalization of the economy, a large role is played by banking organizations. In the conditions of increased competition in the market, banks are forced to continually improve their activities and introduce the most advanced technologies for carrying out business processes and working with clients. One of the most state-of-the-art technologies is artificial intelligence and Big Data. This technology is a combination of technologies targeted at processing vast amounts of data, and the ability to process fast incoming data in large volumes.
Financial Impact of Digital Technologies as a Promising Element of Import Substitution
Authors: Bulatova Elvira Ildarovna , Amirova Elmira Faylovna
Published: October 2020

This article examines the financial elements of agricultural production digital architecture in Russia during the transition to the fourth technological stage in order to compete and import substitution in the agro-industrial market of the country. The pandemic and its consequences have had a negative impact on the Russian economy, in the context of the country's insufficient food security and the inevitable increase in prices for imported goods, due to rising prices for hydrocarbons and the predominance of low-value-added food products in exports. Due to the weakening of the ruble against the falling oil prices, the economy may face the need for a new wave of import substitution. This study identifies the problems of the agricultural sector and the reasons for Russia’s high dependence on imports justify the need to develop high-tech technologies. Authors determined the development directions of agricultural production digitalization in Russia through innovative agricultural technologies based on the Internet of things, distributed computing, and artificial intelligence technologies. Increasing the level of the agro-industrial complex development, bringing it to a new independent stage, is vital. However, it is impossible without state support and the digitalization of technological processes.
Cross Section Analysis of the KBW Nasdaq Financial Technology Index
Authors: Kadam Suresh , Sethi Madhvi
Published: October 2020

Financial Technology (FinTech) has emerged as a potentially transformative force in the various financial segments. To track this new sector garnering investor attention, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods and Nasdaq, came up with KBW Nasdaq Financial Technology Index (KFTX) on July 18, 2016 comprising of 49 constituents. The objective of this paper is to compare KFTX performance with the leading market indices, including S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average index. The data is collected for a period of 12 months, 24 months and 34 months starting from July 18, 2016. The findings of the analysis suggest that the returns for KFTX are consistently higher for 12 months, 24 months and 34 months over S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average. The cross section analysis of the 48 KFTX index constituents sub-classified into eight categories representing several different financial industry groups and businesses indicate that for the 34 months period networks and payments gave returns of 82.1% and 71.6% whereas asset management business gave an average negative return of – 51.0% and the specialty marketplace lenders gave a return of 26.6%. This indicates a significant non-uniform growth within the FinTech industry. The findings motivate for an in-depth analysis of the various industry groups and businesses within the FinTech industry and to explore further the reasons and attributes which differentiate these sectors. The study has implications for policy makers, asset management companies and investors in terms of understanding and framing policies for FinTech investments.
Stock Market Development and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence From an Institutional Impaired Economy
Authors: Owen Maku Affor
Published: October 2020

The research investigated the relationship linking stock market development and economic growth from 1985 to 2018. In measuring growth, Gross domestic product (GDP) was adopted, while stock market was surrogated by turnover ratio, market-capitalization, and value of share- traded, sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Security and Exchange Commission Database. The inclusion of money supply (M3) captured innovation (financial) in the monetary sector. In investigating the aforementioned relationship, the ARDL Bound test methodology was adopted. Empirical results from the investigation confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between stock market development and growth. Similarly, there was a positive relationship between indices of stock market development and growth, albeit statistically insignificant. The study concluded that financial institutions should concentrate on financial innovation in other dimensions in other to boost stock market performance that will result in sustainable growth.
Reestruturação produtiva e novas formas de controle no local de trabalho: a experiência da indústria de fumo em Uberlândia-MG
Authors: Previtalli Fabiane Santana , Faria Andréia Farina de
Published: October 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é discutir a relação entre novas tecnologias e trabalho, problematizando as diferentes dimensões entre organização e controle do trabalho. Nosso foco consiste em analisar, a partir de um estudo de caso realizado no setor de fumo em Uberlândia/MG entre 2005-2007, até que ponto um conjunto de novas qualificações e habilidades demandadas pelas empresas está implicando em maior autonomia do trabalhador no chão de fábrica e revertendo a extrema divisão entre concepção e execução do trabalho, pilar do padrão de acumulação taylorista-fordista. Ou se, ao contrário, potencializam o controle do capital sobre o trabalho. Inicialmente consideramos o trabalho e a formação dos trabalhadores à luz da teoria marxista para, em seguida, problematizamos a questão da ciência e da tecnologia como principal força produtiva. Concluímos com uma discussão sobre a introdução das inovações na indústria de fumo.
Território, Direito e Identidade: uma análise da comunidade quilombola da Olaria em Irará, Bahia
Authors: Santos Jucélia Bispo dos
Published: October 2020

Atualmente, no Brasil, consideram-se remanescentes das comunidades dos quilombos os grupos étnicos raciais, segundo critérios de auto-atribuição, com trajetória própria, dotados de relações territoriais específicas, com presunção de ancestralidade negra relacionada com a resistência à opressão histórica sofrida, conceito construído com base em conhecimento científico antropológico e sociológico, e fruto de ampla discussão técnica, reconhecido pelo Decreto nº 4.887/03 em seu art. 2º. O Estado brasileiro, por meio dos órgãos públicos, trabalham com esta categoria, assim como toda a sociedade: imprensa, órgãos públicos e agentes políticos. Hoje se fala de quilombos como uma designação jurídico-constitucional para delimitação do território quilombola. Portanto, emtende-se que é relevante a elaboração de estudo aprofundado que ampare os elementos que constituíram o conceito de quilombo.
Cold formed sections
Authors: Clifton G. C.
Published: October 2020

This paper is the result of deliberations of the Society's Study Group for the seismic design of steel structures.
Bespreking van: Roel Bekker, Dat had niet zo gemoeten!, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020
Authors: van Hoesel Peter
Published: October 2020

Bespreking van: Roel Bekker, Dat had niet zo gemoeten!, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020

Het boek van voormalig topambtenaar Roel Bekker Dat had niet zo gemoeten! analyseert op scherpe wijze fouten en falen bij de overheid. Doordat de overheid allerlei steken laat vallen bij de voorbereiding van beleid en bovendien te weinig leert van beleidsevaluaties, ontstaat er beleid dat verre van optimaal functioneert, onder meer omdat de uitvoering wordt belast met (zeer) ingewikkelde procedures. Voor de overheid valt uit dit boek veel te leren over hoe het beter kan worden aangepakt. De vraag is wel of dat ook gaat gebeuren, want eerdere publicaties met waardevolle aanbevelingen op dit gebied hebben maar weinig effect gehad.
Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019 and its Effect on Trace Pollutant Concentrations and Meteorological Parameters in Kannur, India: a Coastal City
Authors: Resmi C. T. , Nishanth T. , Satheesh Kumar M. K. , Balachandramohan M. , Valsaraj K. T.
Published: October 2020

This paper highlights the variations of surface ozone (O3), total column ozone (TCO), oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ammonia (NH3), volatile organic compounds (Benzene, Tolune, Ethyle Benzene, Xylenes (collectively called BTEX)), particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5), and meteorological parameters at the time of an annular solar eclipse on 26 December 2019 at Kannur town in Kerala, South India. The maximum solar obscuration has resulted a decrease in solar radiation by 93%, air temperature by 16.3%, wind speed by 36.1% and an increase in relative humidity by 27.1% at this coastal location. Along with the reduction in solar radiation, the concentration of surface O3 (61.5%) and total column O3 (11.8%) have been observed to decrease at the maximum phase of solar eclipse. CO and NO2 concentration were found to be increased by 28.9% and 42.2%, respectively, while NO exhibited its typical diurnal variation. Further, a decrease in concentrations of SO2 by 17.6%, PM10 by 18.5%, and PM2.5 by 11.3% were observed. NH3 and BTEX were found to be higher than 11.3% and 22.6% of the concentrations in control days. All of these deviated parameters could be seen returning to their normal state after completing the eclipse episode. The variation of photodissociation coefficient j(NO2) values were theoretically calculated from the observed data, which shows a good agreement with the model simulated j(NO2) reduction. This is an extensive second observation on the variation of trace pollutants on solar eclipse, after the partial solar eclipse observed on 15 January 2010 at Kannur.
Semi-continuous Measurements of Water-soluble Organic Carbon and Ionic Composition of PM2.5 in Baengnyeong Island during the 2016 KORUS-AQ (Korea-United States Air Quality Study)
Authors: Kang Seokwon , Park Gyutae , Park Taehyun , Ban Jihee , Kim Kyunghoon , Seo Youngkyo , Choi Jinyoung , Seo Seokjun , Choi Jinsoo , Bae Min-Suk , Lee Taehyoung
Published: October 2020

This study characterized the water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and ionic components of PM2.5 (particles less than 2.5 µm in diameter) from April to June 2016, at Baengnyeong Island The study utilized a particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) coupled with a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer and ion chromatography (PILS-TOC-IC). The PM2.5 mean concentration in this study was 23.8±16.7 µg m−3, and the mean of WSOC concentration was 1.6±1.5 µg m−3. Ionic compounds increased by 3.8% in the period in which the air quality standard of PM2.5 (35 µg m−3) was exceeded because the concentration of ionic components increased due to generation by chemical reactions and emissions from a primary source in a nearby urban area. The wind direction and speed were mostly in the northwest and southwest directions and the higher concentration of PM2.5 was also shown in the same directions. In comparison with the previous study, the WSOC/OC ratio was 0.5±0.3 in Baengnyeong Island, which was higher than that at roadside and urban sites and lower than at the background site (Sweden, Aspvreten). It was considered that insoluble OC constituted a major proportion of primary OC that was emitted in urban areas, and the higher WSOC/OC ratios of rural and background sites were affected by inflow. The ratio of nitrate and sulfate in Baengnyeong Island was lower than urban areas in China in other studies, because of emitted aerosols from coal combustion or vehicle emission. The results indicate that Baengnyeong Island was affected by formation of secondary aerosols by chemical reactions and inflow from China as well as domestic emissions. The slope of H+
Aersol/SO4
2− in Baengnyeong Island was 0.079, which was a result of neutralized particle acidity in ambient air. The molar ratio of nitrate and ammonium with sulfate in Baengnyeong Island showed ammoniumrich conditions because ammonium nitrate was increased to homogeneous reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in the gas-phase.
Diálogos entre a arte literária e arte visual: Lygia Clark: linhas vivas diálogos possíveis
Authors: Esteves Bortolanza Ana Maria
Published: October 2020

O artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa (2017-20190) sobre a o papel da literatura/arte na formação da atitude autora e leitora da criança. Neste recorte apresenta-se uma proposta de leitura verbo-visual de signos-verbais e signos-visuais em relação, tendo como corpus o livro Lygia Clark: Linhas vivas. Como procedimento metodológico, analisam-se as relações dialógicas do texto em sua verbovisualidade para desvelar as possibilidades de ampliação dos sentidos produzidos pelo texto e pela leitura. Apoia-se teoricamente em autores como Bakhtin (2012); Vigotski (2010); Ponzio (2012); Goulart (2009); Kramer (2001) e outros. Considera-se que a arte propositiva de Lygia Clark (1968) pode favorecer a exploração do texto verbo-visual pelas crianças, inserindo-as na leitura verbo-visual. São apontados possíveis caminhos para a leitura do texto verbo-visual, fundamental para a constituição da criança como sujeito leitor. Conclui-se que a exploração do livro Lygia Clark: linhas vivas cria possibilidades de as crianças se apropriarem da arte literária e visual que contribui para a formação leitora.
CRIME PREVENTION IN URBAN PLANNING
Authors: Paradowski Mariusz
Published: October 2020

This article presents issues the prevention of crime. In the introduction, it’s creates to the understanding of security in sociological and legal terms. Then, it’s indicates the essence and importance of planning acts in the sphere of crime prevention. Further, it’s discusses preventive law of administration and rules of the CPTED program in crime prevention. The elaboration has short summary.
Uma abordagem de design para MOOC: um mapeamento sistemático da articulação entre design instrucional e de interação
Authors: Garrido Filipe Adeodato , Do Rêgo Beatriz Brito , Maciel Rita Suzana Pitangueira , Matos Ecivaldo De Souza
Published: October 2020

MOOC é um acrônimo para Massive Open Online Course, uma modalidade de educação online que oferta cursos gratuitos a diversos públicos, com diferentes idades, formações e nacionalidades. Acredita-se que abordagens de design que integrem design de interação e o design instrucional podem favorecer a comunicabilidade em MOOC, refletindo positivamente na aprendizagem do estudante. Nesse sentido, este artigo possui como objetivo apresentar os resultados de um Mapeamento Sistemático de Literatura (MSL). Esse mapeamento seguiu as indicações de Kitchenham (2004) em sua metodologia e buscou identificar estudos e pesquisas primárias referentes a processos de design de interação e de design instrucional aplicados à MOOC. Os resultados encontrados apontam para a existência de desafios de pesquisa de articulação teórica e metodológica entre o design de interação e design instrucional em MOOC. Os resultados apresentados neste artigo apontam a inexistência de uma articulação conjunta entre as áreas e sustentam a relevância de uma abordagem híbrida de design (design de interação articulado ao design instrucional) focalizada em MOOC.