bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green (Ulva fenestrata) and Brown (Saccharina latissima) Macroalgae Similarly Modulate Inflammatory Signaling by Activating NF‐κB and Dampening IRF in Human Macrophage‐Like Cells
Authors: Mildenberger Jennifer , Rebours Céline
Published: May 2024

Macroalgae are considered healthy food ingredients due to their content in numerous bioactive compounds, and the traditional use of whole macroalgae in Asian cuisine suggests a contribution to longevity. Although much information is available about the bioactivity of pure algal compounds, such as different polyphenols and polysaccharides, documentation of potential effects of whole macroalgae as part of Western diets is limited. Lifestyle‐ and age‐related diseases, which have a high impact on population health, are closely connected to underlying chronic inflammation. Therefore, we have studied crude extracts of green (Ulva fenestrata) and brown (Saccharina latissima) macroalgae, as two of the most promising food macroalgae in the Nordic countries for their effect on inflammation in vitro. Human macrophage‐like reporter THP‐1 cells were treated with macroalgae extracts and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammatory signalling. Effects of the macroalgae extracts were assessed on transcription factor activity of NF‐κB and IRF as well as secretion and/or expression of the cytokines TNF‐α and IFN‐β and chemokines IL‐8 and CXCL10. The crude macroalgae extracts were further separated into polyphenol‐enriched and polysaccharide‐enriched fractions, which were also tested for their effect on transcription factor activity. Interestingly, we observed a selective activation of NF‐κB, when cells were treated with macroalgae extracts. On the other hand, pretreatment with macroalgae extracts selectively repressed IRF activation when inflammatory signaling was subsequently induced by LPS. This effect was consistent for both tested species as well as for polyphenol‐ and polysaccharide‐enriched fractions, of which the latter had more pronounced effects. Overall, this is the first indication of how macroalgae could modulate inflammatory signaling by selective activation and subsequent repression of different pathways. Further in vitro and in vivo studies of this mechanism would be needed to understand how macroalgae consumption could influence the prevention of noncommunicable, lifestyle‐ and age‐related diseases that are highly related to unbalanced inflammatory processes.
Multiple Sclerosis Polygenic Risk Is Not Enriched in Three Multicase Families in Comparison to Population-Based Cases
Authors: Chen Ming , Motyer Allan , Taylor Bruce V. , McComish Bennet J. , Burdon Kathryn P. , Charlesworth Jac C. , Blackburn Nicholas B.
Published: May 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological and autoimmune disease with an established genetic component. Families with multiple cases of MS are rare but do occur. We hypothesised that multicase families may have a heightened polygenic risk for MS. In this work, we have determined whether polygenic risk for MS is enriched in multicase families in comparison to a case-control cohort. Using the findings from the largest MS genome-wide association study, we calculated a weighted polygenic risk score (wPRS) for MS. We applied this wPRS to study a population-based MS case-control cohort (3,252 people with MS and 5,725 controls) and three multicase MS families (9 individuals with MS, 10 unaffected family members). For both the population-based cohort and the three families, 167 of the 233 known genome-wide significant MS-associated variants were identified and used to calculate the wPRS. Within the population-based cohort, the wPRS was significantly higher in MS cases than controls (P=2.2×10−16). The wPRS of familial MS cases was not significantly different to population-based MS cases (P>0.05). Both affected and unaffected MS family members had higher wPRS than population controls. MS families have a higher polygenic risk for MS, but this did not differ to the polygenic risk of population-based MS cases. Only one family carried the established HLA-DRB1 15:01 MS risk allele, which was present in both affected and unaffected family members. Across families, unaffected family members had an elevated polygenic risk in comparison to population controls indicating that a higher polygenic risk does not fully explain the clustering of MS in families.
Supplemental Table 1 from Five-year Survival Trends for Young Adult Cancers Diagnosed from 2002 to 2014 in Taiwan and the United States
Authors: Tsai Yu-Han , Teng Yu-Tung , Kuan Tai-Chuan , Liu Jason J.
Published: May 2024

APC values for five-year age-standardized relative survival trends with more than one joinpoint segment
Supplementary Table 8 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Sun Maxine , Cyr Marie-Christyne , Sandoval Johanna , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Busque Lambert , Tardif Jean-Claude , Dubé Marie-Pierre
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table 8: The effect of mosaic loss of X chromosome on death of cardiovascular disease causes, coronary artery disease causes, from cancer, and any cause of death
Supplementary Table 13 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Sun Maxine , Cyr Marie-Christyne , Sandoval Johanna , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Busque Lambert , Tardif Jean-Claude , Dubé Marie-Pierre
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table 13: Cox regression analyses for the effect of mosaic chromosomal alterations on the risk of death of coronary artery disease causes by cancer type
Supplementary Figure 1 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Sun Maxine , Cyr Marie-Christyne , Sandoval Johanna , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Busque Lambert , Tardif Jean-Claude , Dubé Marie-Pierre
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 1: Visual depiction of the proportion of patients with at least 1 mosaic chromosomal alteration
Supplemental Figure 2 from Measurement of Ovarian Tumor Immune Profiles by Multiplex Immunohistochemistry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Rosner Bernard , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Sasamoto Naoko , Terry Kathryn L. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Townsend Mary K.
Published: May 2024

Supplemental Figure 2 provides representative images from the immune checkpoint panel for high-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous tumors.
Supplementary Table S6 from COVID-19 Outcomes by Cancer Status, Site, Treatment, and Vaccination
Authors: Salvatore Maxwell , Hu Miriam M. , Beesley Lauren J. , Mondul Alison M. , Pearce Celeste Leigh , Friese Christopher R. , Fritsche Lars G. , Mukherjee Bhramar
Published: May 2024

Logistic regression odds ratios (95% CI) for COVID-19 outcomes by hematologic malignancy type.
Data from Five-year Survival Trends for Young Adult Cancers Diagnosed from 2002 to 2014 in Taiwan and the United States
Authors: Tsai Yu-Han , Teng Yu-Tung , Kuan Tai-Chuan , Liu Jason J.
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground:
Young adult cancer incidence has been increasing in Taiwan, but no studies have examined their survival trends.
Methods:
We analyzed data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. We obtained the five-year survival estimates and trends for primary invasive cancers diagnosed at 20–39 years of age from 2002 to 2014. When analyzing specific cancers, we focused on the common young adult cancers in Taiwan. For the trend analysis, the average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated using joinpoint Regression Program. We also obtained estimates stratified by sex or age at cancer diagnosis.
Results:
The five-year age-standardized relative survival for all young adult cancers combined significantly increased in Taiwan [AAPC = 1.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3%–1.5%] and the United States (AAPC = 0.4%; 95% CI, 0.3%–0.6%). Cancers occurring in both sexes had similar trend directions for both sexes. Lung and bronchus cancer, liver cancer, and leukemia had the most survival improvement in both regions. However, the five-year relative survival for cervical cancer declined in Taiwan (AAPC = −0.6%; 95% CI, -1.0% to −0.1%) and did not improve in the United States (AAPC = −0.1%; 95% CI, −0.4%–0.2%).
Conclusions:
Survival has improved for most but not all of the common young adult cancer types in Taiwan. Additional studies can understand why survival has not improved for certain cancer types, and examine subtype-specific survival trends.
Impact:
This is the first study of five-year survival trends for young adult cancers in Taiwan and the United States stratified by sex or age at diagnosis.
Data from Trend in Cervical Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates in China, 2006–2030: A Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Modeling Study
Authors: Yuan Meiwen , Zhao Xuelian , Wang Honghao , Hu Shangying , Zhao Fanghui
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground:
There are no studies extrapolating the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in China by comparing incidence and deaths pattern between geographic and age groups.
Methods:
We applied age-period-cohort models to assess region-level trends in incidence and mortality from 2006 to 2016, with piecewise linear regression in a Bayesian framework to predict these trends to 2030.
Results:
Between 2006 and 2016, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) for females aged 15 to 84 years increased by 3.7% (95% confidence interval, 3.1%–4.3%) annually from 11.01 to 16.41 per 100,000 females in China. In the 25 to 39 age groups, the incidence rates decreased in urban regions and inversely increased in rural regions. The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) increased from 3.18 to 4.83, with annual increases of about 3.6% (1.5%–5.8%). From 2017 to 2030, the ASIR is expected to increase from 17.13 (15.91–18.46) to 23.22 (20.02–27.01) by 2.5% per year (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the average age at diagnosis is predicted to grow from 53.1 to 60.5 years. In the 15 to 54 age groups, the incidence rates decreased in urban regions but increased in rural regions. The ASMR is expected to increase consistently from 4.82 (4.38–5.31) to 9.13 (7.35–11.39) by 5.0% per year (P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are projected to increase in China. In addition, the urban–rural incidence gap is estimated to widen further among young women.
Impact:
Cervical cancer prevention should consider the trend and diversity in incidence patterns between urban and rural regions.
A Pilot Intervention Designed to Increase Cruciferous Vegetable Intake to Reduce Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Progression
Authors: Yeary KH , Yu H , Wang C , Kuliszewski MG , Li Q , Pratt R , Saad-Harfouche FG , Clark N , DiCarlo E , Wang Z , Tang L
Published: May 2024

Study Purpose: Bladder cancer is one of the top 10 most common cancers in the US and is the most expensive cancer to treat. The majority of bladder cancers (70–80%) are diagnosed at early stages as non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which can be removed surgically. However, 50–80% of NMIBC recurs within 5 years, and 15–30% progresses with poor survival. Current treatment is limited. Preclinical and epidemiologic evidence suggests that dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs) in cruciferous vegetables could be a non-invasive and cost-effective strategy to improve NMIBC prognosis. Thus, the purpose of our study was to develop and pilot test a cruciferous vegetable intervention designed to increase ITC exposure in NMIBC survivors. Methods: We used a blinded 2-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the preliminary efficacy of a 6-month cruciferous vegetable intervention for NMIBC survivors. The intervention consisted of mailed materials, a live phone-call to review the materials, and 11 Interactive Voice Responses calls. Three-day urine samples, 3-day dietary recalls, and survey data were collected at baseline and 6-months. Two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used for between-group comparisons. Results: Forty-nine NMIBC patients diagnosed in 2018–2019 were randomized and 42 (22 treatment, 20 control) were retained for 6-month follow-up. Participants were mostly male (71.4%) and White (90.5%), with an average age of 67.4 years. Compared to the control, the treatment group reported 35.0 g (95% CI: −14.9, 85.0; P = 0.014) higher Cruciferae intake (treatment = 58.6 ± 54.5 g vs. control = 23.6 ± 96.1g) and increased urinary ITC levels by 11.1 μmol/g creatinine (treatment = 14.2 ± 24.5 vs. control = 3.1 ± 13.9, P = 0.027) at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Our behavioral cruciferous vegetable intervention is the first to significantly increase cruciferous vegetable intake and ITC levels in NMIBC survivors. Our evidence-based dietary intervention has the potential to offer an affordable, scalable option for NMIBC survivors to reduce their risk of recurrence and improve outcomes.
Exploring Sociocultural Influences On Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Latino Men: Results From a Multi-State Survey
Authors: Camacho-Rivera M , Rogers CR , Rodriguez-Garcia O , Diaz D , Islam JY
Published: May 2024

Background: The incidence of and mortality from early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), which occurs in individuals under age 50 years, have been increasing among Latinos. In 2018, the American Cancer Society endorsed a reduction from 50 to 45 years in the recommended age at which average-risk adults should initiate screening. Methods: We partnered with Qualtrics to recruit a multi-state convenience sample of self-identified Latino men from sources such as targeted email lists and social media. Eligibility criteria include men who: self-identified as Hispanic or Latino, resided in New York, Florida, or Texas, and understood English or Spanish. Survey was fielded from February to March 2022; 1,371 responses collected. Primary exposure was masculinity barriers, measured using validated Masculinity Barriers to Medical Care (MBMC) scale. Additional exposures were two subscales from the Male Role Norms, Attitudes, and Perceptions associated with CRC Screening instrument, as well as Hispanic or Latino ethnicity: (1) Mexican or Mexican American; (2) Cuban; (3) Puerto Rican; (4) Other Hispanic or Latino. Our main outcomes were self-report of CRC screening and fecal immunochemical test. Intention to obtain CRC screening secondary outcome. Preliminary analyses restricted to participants in the 45–59, 60–75 age categories (N = 611). Results: Among participants, 26% were of Mexican descent, 31% were Puerto Rican, 14% Cuban, 29% other Latino background. Eighty-one percent planned to obtain CRC screening in the future, although only 40% have used a fecal immunochemical test, and 51% have ever had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Latino men of other Hispanic ethnicity were more likely to report taking risks with their own health if it benefits their family (P = 0.018). Mexican men were least likely to report trust in healthcare professionals (P = 0.002), and Cuban men were most likely to report receiving quality medical care (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Masculinity barriers to medical care may play an important role in screening attitudes, intentions, and behaviors. It is important to understand the roles of intersecting social identities including race, ethnicity, gender identity and norms in reducing colorectal cancer disparities.
Impediments to Greater Diversity in the Cancer Research Workforce: Do Patterns of NCI Funding of Training and Educational Awards to Institutions With Rich Research Resources but Low Student Diversity Indicate Structural Bias?
Authors: Gonzalez ZJ , Chang S , Primm K , Malabay AJ
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To examine patterns of NCI training and educational awards (T32 & R25) by indicators of research capacity and student diversity. Methods: FY2019 data from the US Department of Education and NIH Exporter were used to examine student diversity and NCI funding by research capacity as defined by Carnegie Classification of Institutes of Higher Education. Results: In FY2019, the Carnegie Classification for Doctoral Universities (n = 412) included 131 “R1”_ and 135 “R2”_ research-intensive universities, and 146 other doctoral and professional universities ("DPU"_).At all Carnegie Institutions, >45% students were White. By Carnegie classes, compared to R2 and DPUs, R1s had the lowest proportions of African American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and female students, at both college and graduate levels. Proportions of Hispanic undergraduates were similar across Carnegie classes, and generally higher than those for Hispanic graduate students, which were lowest among R1s relative to R2s and DPUs. Asian American and nonresident alien students (undergraduate and graduate) comprised higher proportions of R1 students than those at R2s and DPUs.Schools varied by Minority Serving Institution status. For instance, numbers of Hispanic Serving Institutions were similar for R1s (16), R2s (16), and DPUs (18), but 11 R2s were Predominantly Black Institutions and only one R1 was and no DPUs. In contrast, 71 R1s were Asian American Serving Institutions, far higher than the 16 R2s and 19 DPUs with that status.Of >2,000 “NCI R01 and equivalent awards”_ in FY2019, >90% were awarded to R1s, with <10% at R2s and <1% at DPUs. Patterns by Carnegie class were similar for NCI Fellowship (F), Career Development (K), and Training Program awards (T). Conclusion: Both low student diversity at research resource-rich schools and higher diversity at schools with fewer research awards may contribute to and perpetuate few individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups working in cancer research. To address this long-standing problem requires understanding how many factors and systems interact at multiple levels (e.g., individual, institutional, funding agency) to drive and block access to training and career advancement in cancer research.
Lung Cancer Yield Among Those Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening in Community-based Healthcare Systems
Authors: Burnett-Hartman AN , Rendle KA , Saia C , Greenlee RT , Carroll NM , Honda SA , Hixon BP , Kim RY , Neslund-Dudas C , Oshiro C , Wain K , Ritzwoller DP , Vachani A
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Lung cancer screening (LCS) via low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for those with a high risk of lung cancer based on age and smoking history has been recommended in the United States for almost a decade, but performance of LCS in community-based settings is unclear. We aimed to estimate the proportion of those screened who were diagnosed with lung cancer across five healthcare systems in the United States. Methods: Study participants were LCS-eligible individuals who received care and a baseline LCS LDCT within the five healthcare systems in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium (PROSPR-Lung). We collected data on LDCT utilization and results, as well as patient characteristics and smoking history, via electronic health records. LCS LDCT findings were categorized using Lung-RADS [negative (1), benign (2), probably benign (3), or suspicious (4)]. Lung cancer diagnoses occurring within 12 months of a baseline LDCT were ascertained via cancer registry data. Our preliminary analyses, presented here, includes estimates of lung cancer yield, overall, and by Lung-RADS category, among those receiving a baseline LDCT 2014–2018. Data collection through 2021 is underway and final analyses will include data through 2021. Results: There were 8,682 patients with a baseline scan included in analyses. Of these, 47% were female, 52% were ages 65+, and the ethnic and racial distribution was: 4% Hispanic, 2% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 4% Asian, 14% Black, and 74% White. There were 142 (1.6%) patients diagnosed with lung cancer within 12-months of their baseline LDCT. Among those with negative LCS LDCT findings, Lung-RADS 1 (n = 1,987) or Lung-RADS 2 (n = 5,232), there were 1 and 8 lung cancer diagnoses, respectively. Among those with positive LCS LDCT findings, Lung-RADS 3 (n = 906), Lung-RADS 4/4A (n = 363), or Lung-RADS 4B/4X (n = 194), 10 (1%), 35 (10%), and 88 (45%) were diagnosed with lung cancer, respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of those diagnosed with lung cancer within 12 months of a baseline LDCT within community settings is similar to clinical trials settings, and use of Lung-RADS categorization in community settings appropriately stratifies patients into those with a low- vs. high-risk of prevalent lung cancer.
Residential Proximity to Carcinogenic Industrial Air Emissions and Breast Cancer Incidence in a United States-Wide Prospective Cohort
Authors: Ish JL , Madrigal JM , Pearce JL , Keil AP , Fisher JA , Jones RR , White AJ
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To evaluate whether residential proximity to air emissions of correlated industrial carcinogens, both singly and in combination, are associated with breast cancer incidence. Methods: Using the US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory, we estimated the 10-year annual average air releases of 26 known or probable carcinogens within 3, 5, and 10 km of Sister Study participants' baseline residences (n = 50,343, 2003–2009). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between ambient concentrations of each individual compound and incident breast cancer. To assess mixtures, we applied an exposure continuum mapping (ECM) framework to identify latent mixture profiles via a self-organizing map and assessed whether these profiles were related to incident breast cancer by estimating a joint exposure-response function with generalized additive models. Results: During follow-up (mean = 11.6 years), 4,282 breast cancer cases were identified. The exposure prevalence for compounds emitted within 3-km of participants' residences varied from <1%–15%. For individual compounds, HRs for the association between quantiles of emission levels and breast cancer were largely null, except for cadmium, vinyl chloride and asbestos (e.g., asbestos 3-km HR>median vs. no exposure = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.37–5.09). Our application of ECM identified 49 profiles that explained 79% of the variance in emission patterns observed within 3-km of participant residences. Profiles revealed that relatively high levels of exposure to several compounds were rare (<1%) and most participants resided in locations defined by low emissions patterns. Estimation of a joint exposure-response surface indicated that breast cancer was not significantly related to changing patterns of the composition of emission mixtures (P = 0.31). Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that breast cancer incidence may be related to emissions of certain individual industrial carcinogens, particularly asbestos. Examination of complex exposure scenarios revealed that high simultaneous exposure to many compounds was rare, and that our identified latent patterns of these emissions were not associated with breast cancer.
Abstract B010: Tumor B8T expression stratifies overall survival in high risk muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Elias Roy , Aragaki Adam K. , Hoffman-Censits Jean H. , Hahn Noah M. , McConkey David J. , Johnson Burles A.
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective: Determining novel biomarkers to identify patients that benefit and do not benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is critical to avoid overtreatment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a biomarker that associates with overall survival (OS) benefit to ICI in patients with muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC). However, few studies have examined whether existing immune based biomarkers stratify OS within the high risk, ctDNA(+) population. Methods: To address this, we interrogated ctDNA and RNA sequencing data from the IMvigor010 dataset of patients with high risk MIUC after cystectomy who were randomized to adjuvant atezolizumab versus observation. We correlated OS with ctDNA positivity and expression of a B cell and CD8 T cell gene signature (B8T). Key Findings: In patients who were ctDNA(+), high tumor expression of a B cell gene signature (BCGS) associated with significantly higher OS when compared with patients with low tumor BCGS, regardless of whether patients were treated with atezolizumab. In ctDNA(+) patients with high tumor expression of both BCGS and CD8 T cell gene signature (CD8TGS), e.g. B8T high/high, atezolizumab did not associate with OS benefit. Conversely, in patients with B8T high/low tumors, receipt of adjuvant atezolizumab associated with significantly increased OS (p < 0.001), and this benefit remained significant in multivariable analyses (p = 0.047). Notably, benefit with atezolizumab occurred in patients with B8T high/low tumors who were either ctDNA(+) (p = 0.057) or ctDNA(-) (p = 0.034). Conclusions and Clinical Implications: While tumor B8T high/high expression is a prognostic biomarker for OS in ctDNA(+) patients with high risk MIUC, these results suggest B8T high/low is a predictive biomarker for benefit from ICI. Moreover, in a small subset of patients who are ctDNA(-), tumor B8T high/low associates with benefit to ICI. This supports the utility of the B8T biomarker as a prognostic identifier in high risk MIUC, its ability to identify patients who will benefit from ICI regardless of ctDNA status, and for the first time ascertains a potential cohort of patients who are ctDNA(-) yet benefit from ICI.

Citation Format: Roy Elias, Adam K. Aragaki, Jean H. Hoffman-Censits, Noah M. Hahn, David J. McConkey, Burles A. Johnson III. Tumor B8T expression stratifies overall survival in high risk muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Bladder Cancer: Transforming the Field; 2024 May 17-20; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(10_Suppl):Abstract nr B010.
Abstract B024: Development of HM-001 as a therapeutic drug for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Mima Shinji , Sakaki Monta , Kiya Noriaki , Kawashima Atsunari , Nonomura Norio , Kakinuma Chihaya
Published: May 2024

HM-001 is a drug containing sodium chlorite as the active ingredient that is being developed as a drug for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and is currently undergoing physician-led clinical trials. It has been discovered that sodium chlorite generates radicals in an acidic environment, and phosphatidylserine on the surface of tumor cells acts as a Lewis acid to generate radicals. HM-001, like other anticancer drugs and BCG, is intended to be injected into the bladder, retained, and then excreted. GLP studies using the same administration method has been completed, and no toxic changes have been observed in human trial doses. The efficacy of HM-001 against NMIBC was evaluated using an orthotopic transplantation model of UM-UC-3, a bladder cancer cell line. In the model, cells were transplanted into the bladder of SCID mouse after epithelial removal with trypsin, 600, 800, 1,600, and 3,200 ppm of HM-001 were administered once a week, and the weight of the excised bladder was calculated. After 4 weeks, the tumor weight was calculated and the tumor weight suppression rate in the control group was evaluated. As a result, the medicinal efficacy was confirmed at concentrations of 800ppm or higher. On the other hand, the UM-UC-3 model is a commonly used model, but it mimics CIS (carcinoma in situ) and can only partially mimic NMIBC. That is, other models are needed to evaluate efficacy for low- and high-grade NMIBC other than CIS. Therefore, we established high-grade and low-grade PDX and evaluated the effectiveness of HM-001 against low- and high-grade PDX through ex vivo testing. First, patient-derived tissue was transplanted into SCID mice, allowed to grow, and then removed. After extraction, they were cut into 2 mm3 pieces, exposed to HM-001 at 800, 1600, and 3200 ppm for 2 hours, and then transplanted into SCID mice. As a result of comparing the tumor size after transplantation with the control group, a dose-dependent tumor regression effect was confirmed in high-grade and low-grade PDX. NMIBC is divided into low-, medium-, and high-risk categories, with different treatment methods and drugs used for each. In particular, low-grade forms are restricted to low- and intermediate-risk groups. The results of this study show that HM-001 is effective not only for high-risk (including CIS) NMIBC but also for low- and intermediate-risk (low-grade) NMIBC.

Citation Format: Shinji Mima, Monta Sakaki, Noriaki Kiya, Atsunari Kawashima, Norio Nonomura, Chihaya Kakinuma. Development of HM-001 as a therapeutic drug for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Bladder Cancer: Transforming the Field; 2024 May 17-20; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(10_Suppl):Abstract nr B024.
Abstract IA016: The evolving role of immune-based treatment strategies in metastatic urothelial cancer
Authors: Galsky Matthew D.
Published: May 2024

Immune checkpoint blockade has changed the treatment landscape for metastatic urothelial cancer. However, the role of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in the treatment of metastatic diseaes continues to rapidly evolve since the initialy regulatory approval of these therapies in 2016. Defining biomarkers with sufficient predictive ability to establish clinical utility for selection of patients who can receive single agent PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has been challenging. However, combination regimens with either cisplatin-based chemotherapy or enfortumab vedotin has for the first time in decades improved survival compared with platinum-based chemotherapy alone. Refining the use of such combination regimens requires a better understanding of the potential immunomodulatory effects of cytotoxic therapies.

Citation Format: Matthew D. Galsky. The evolving role of immune-based treatment strategies in metastatic urothelial cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Bladder Cancer: Transforming the Field; 2024 May 17-20; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(10_Suppl):Abstract nr IA016.
MiR-150-5p Alleviates Renal Tubule Epithelial Cell Fibrosis via the Inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting ZEB1
Authors: Zhang Zhizhong , Zhang Xinyu , Gao Xiangming , Fang Bing , Tian Shuyu , Kang Ping , Zhao Yi
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Although microRNA (miR)-150-5p participates in the progression of renal fibrosis, its mechanism of action remains elusive. Methods: A mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction was used. The in vitro renal fibrosis model was established by stimulating human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). The expression profiles of miR-150-5p, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), and other fibrosis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-linked proteins were determined using Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between miR-150-5p and ZEB1 in HK-2 cells was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results: Both in vivo and in vitro renal fibrosis models revealed reduced miR-150-5p expression and elevated ZEB1 level. A significant decrease in E-cadherin levels, as well as increases in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I (Col-I) levels, was seen in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. The overexpression of miR-150-5p ameliorated TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT. Notably, miR-150-5p acts by directly targeting ZEB1. A significant reversal of the inhibitory impact of miR-150-5p on TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT in HK-2 cells was observed upon ZEB1 overexpression. Conclusion: MiR-150-5p suppresses TGF-β1-induced fibrosis and EMT by targeting ZEB1 in HK-2 cells, providing helpful insights into the therapeutic intervention of renal fibrosis.
Stoichiometry understanding of upper secondary students through active science learning
Authors: Wannomai Manassawee , Nuangchalerm Prasart , Islami R. Ahmad Zaky El
Published: May 2024

The goals of the study were as follows: i) to design an active science learning activity on stoichiometry for grade 10 students, ii) to evaluate the academic achievement of grade 10 students after receiving an active science learning activity on stoichiometry, and iii) to investigate the perspectives of grade 10 students regarding an active science learning activity on stoichiometry. The research utilized a sample group consisting of 41 students who were enrolled in the tenth grade during the second semester of the academic year 2022. The research tools provided participants with active science learning lessons. A test of the kids’ academic prowess as well as their thoughts on the use of hands-on scientific learning activities will be administered. The mean, the standard deviation, and a one-sample t-test were the types of statistics that were utilized in the investigation. The following is an outline of what the research found: i) the appropriateness of the active science learning activities was judged to be the highest level, ii) the academic achievement of grade 10 students after receiving the active science learning activities on stoichiometry had an average score that was higher than the criteria of 70% with a statistical significance at the .05 level; and iii) the opinions of students on the implementation of active science learning activities on stoichiometry were in the agree level.
Strengthening the critical thinking skill through the six-hat thinking model in pancasila education
Authors: Oktaviani Linda , Aulia Ullu Yandi , Murdiono Mukhamad , Suharno Suharno
Published: May 2024

This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of Pancasila learning with the goal of improving critical thinking skills through the application of the six thinking hats model. The research adopts a descriptive approach utilizing qualitative methods. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The participants were selected using purposive techniques based on specific criteria and considerations to ensure the collection of targeted information. Specifically, the research focused on students enrolled in the Manufacturing Engineering Class D. Data collection for this study involved the use of observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. To ensure data validity, triangulation techniques were employed by the researchers. Data analysis followed an interactive model based on the framework developed by Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The six thinking hats learning model significantly improved students' critical thinking skills and character values. This approach enables students to approach problems from multiple perspectives, becoming more responsive to social issues and navigating real-world challenges. These fosters heightened awareness of societal matters, enabling students to contribute meaningfully to social progress.
Development of research agenda of a teacher education institution in Central Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Jr. Danilo V. Rogayan , Gagasa Kenn Lesley M.
Published: May 2024

This collaborative-participatory research aimed to develop the research agenda of the college of teacher education (CTE) of a state university in Zambales, Philippines from 2017 to 2021. The research involved the core research group, faculty researchers, campus and university officials, and stakeholders such as students, alumni, and partner agencies (department of education (DeEd) faculty and administrators). The study was carried out in the first quarter of 2017 to develop the CTE research agenda framework, identify the key research areas, and present to the stakeholders. During the third quarter of 2018, the developed research agenda was revisited and reformulated as the university was converted into a more comprehensive university. A total of six themes were included in the final CTE research agenda framework with corresponding theme descriptions and research topics. The use of participatory-collaborative research effectively develops a college research agenda of the CTE. The processes involved in research agenda setting can serve as a basis for other teacher education institutions (TEIs) in coming up with their respective research agenda geared towards uplifting the quality of teacher education. The study could also serve as a guide for other colleges in formulating and revisiting their research agenda.
Science interdisciplinary learning approach: a study interdisciplinary thinking skills and literacy environment
Authors: Santiani Santiani , Reffiane Fine , Winarto Winarto
Published: May 2024

The formation of environmental literacy in the education system through education for sustainable development (EfSD) experiences many obstacles. The aim of the research is to analyze the impact of interdisciplinary science learning for interdisciplinary oriented education for sustainable development to improve interdisciplinary thinking and environmental literacy of prospective teachers. The experimental method with a quasi-experimental pretest posttest group design was used in this study. The data collection technique used is an environmental literacy questionnaire and an interdisciplinary thinking test. Data analysis technique used independent t test. The results obtained were that the science interdisciplinary learning effective in improving interdisciplinary thinking performance and environmental literacy. The performance of students’ interdisciplinary thinking affects environmental literacy of students. The university forms student teacher candidates who have the ability to think interdisciplinary so that they can manage science learning in an interdisciplinary and environmentally literate manner. The implication of this research is the importance of fostering interdisciplinary thinking and environmental literacy at all levels of education.
Readiness and efforts of civics teachers in developing literacy and numeracy skills
Authors: Winarno Winarno , Muchtarom Mohammad , Fauziyah Husnul
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to assess the readiness and efforts of civics teachers in developing literacy and numeracy skills. For data collection, qualitative methods including surveys and interviews, were employed. A total of 38 civics teachers from junior high schools in Pacitan Regency, Indonesia were selected based on gender, teaching experience, and certification. The data was analyzed using both qualitative narrative and quantitative descriptive analysis, employing percentages. The results showed that civics teachers demonstrated moderate proficiency in literacy skills, while their numeracy abilities were considered sufficient. In addition, teachers exhibited a greater readiness for literacy-oriented learning compared to numeracy. The efforts made by teachers encompassed four aspects, namely i) collaborating with colleagues and implementing student-centered collaborative learning, ii) developing a culture of literacy and numeracy through training and discussions, iii) seeking out learning resources and media that supported literacy and numeracy, and iv) promoting reading, annotating texts, and analyzing numeracy-related readings.
Development of the preschool teachers’ partnership competence
Authors: Melenets Liudmyla , Goncharenko Alla , Diatlenko Nataliia , Ivanenko Olena , Kulbediuk Anastasiia , Sankovska Iryna
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research was to study the current level of preschool teachers’ partnership competence in the aspect of interacting in the teaching staff. During the research, questionnaires and statistical methods of analysis were conducted. The results of the study show that 82% of the respondents describe the psychological climate in the team as moderately favourable, 6% note its high level, 9% feel low favourableness, and 3% see it as unfavourable. The conducted research revealed a positive moderate correlation between the partnership competence level and the psychological climate level in the team of preschool teachers. Therefore, a positive psychological climate, characterized by mutual understanding, support and openness, contributes to creating a favorable environment for partnership interaction. When teachers feel comfortable and supported in the team, they are more inclined to work together, share experiences and provide mutual support. The area of further research is to identify the relationship between the professional development of teachers and their partnership competence, as well as to study the impact of distance learning on partnership interaction between teachers and ways of its development in the digital environment.
Phototherapy as the tool of emotional identification development of adolescents
Authors: Tyron Olena , Dotsenko Ludmyla , Kariaka Inna
Published: May 2024

The results of the empirical stage statistically proved that phototherapy is one of the effective tools of psycho-pedagogical assistance to adolescents who experience difficulties associated with emotional identification. We diagnosed the level of formation of this phenomenon within the sample of 240 respondents who are university and school students aged 17 to 20 years female and male. A number of psycho-diagnostic methods were used in the study: the method 'Toron to alexithymia scale (TAS-26)” and the questionnaire “self-attitude.” Summarizing the results, we state that most of the studied sample is in a state of emotional well-being but emotional discomfort occurs among some respondents with certain levels of propensity for alexithymia (22.5%). The research proves the positive impact of phototherapy on adolescents' emotional identification development through photographing and creating visual pictures or direct perception and interpretation of images.
An integrative literature review: design and stages of peace group counselling as peace counselor/educator strategies for fostering a peace mindset
Authors: Supriyanto Agus , Wibowo Mungin Eddy , Mulawarman Mulawarman , Japar Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Counsellors as peace educators are to foster a peaceful mindset to students. However, not every peace counsellor shares peaceful thinking with clients or students with problems as a gap. Peace group leaders can integrate counselling as a science with religion through the design and stages of peace group counselling (PGC). This research aims to design and organize PGC stages to facilitate peaceful thinking patterns in peace counsellors/educators (PC/E) to foster peaceful thinking patterns. Integrative literature review as a research model by collecting data through documentation with relevant books and journals, then analyzing it descriptively and qualitatively. The research findings found that the PC/E's duties as imams (group leaders) and kaffah individuals have therapeutic abilities. PC/E combines peaceful thinking with help from God. The PGC process has three stages: initial, work, and the final. The work stages combine the sub-stages of peace counselling, starting from rational, exploring the root causes of peaceful thoughts, self-reflection, seeking, and searching for peaceful thought patterns, looking for different forms and behaviors of peaceful thought patterns towards God's teachings as a novelty, and ending with evaluation and follow-up. PC/E implements the PGC design and stages so that individuals can cultivate a peaceful mindset through training and experimental research.
Development of teaching materials with agricultural insight to introduce of agriculture in primary school students
Authors: Fadlillah M. , Rahman Bohri , Istiq'faroh Nurul
Published: May 2024

Agriculture is one of the supports for national food needs, so it must continue to be preserved. Unfortunately, nowadays, the sustainability of agriculture is increasingly worrying. Many young people are no longer interested in becoming farmers or working in the agricultural sector. A solution like this must be immediately sought so that regeneration is maintained. This research aimed to develop teaching materials with agricultural insight to introduce of agriculture in primary school students in Indonesia. The research used the research and development (RD) method. Development was carried out using the Borg and Gall model, including: research and informing collecting, planning, preliminary development, and preliminary field testing and main product revision. The research results indicated that: i) the teaching material that was successfully developed was in the form of a textbook entitled “I love agriculture”. This book contains ten materials on agricultural, and ii) the test results showed that the agriculturaloriented teaching materials are of good quality. From the product eligibility test involving material experts and media experts, the average assessment score was 86.25%, while the average assessment score from students reached 85.25%. This research implied that students could get to know and love agriculture through learning activities at school.
Analysing influential factors in e-learning technology acceptance for digital learning effectiveness enhancement
Authors: Sahusilawane Wildoms , Hiariey Lilian Sarah , Hiariey Arlene Henny
Published: May 2024

This study aims to discover the factors that influence the acceptance of electronic learning media and its effect on the effectiveness of digital instruction. The study involved a learning management system and online tutorials using management system (MS) teams from various faculties at the Universitas Terbuka. These include the Faculty of Economics and Business, the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, the Faculty of Science and Technology, and the Faculty of Law, Social Sciences, and Political Sciences. also conducted in three regional offices in Ambon, Gorontalo and Makassar, which were selected through purposive sampling. Primary data sources include participant questionnaires and interviews. Analytical methods include correlation and multiple regression analysis, with descriptive statistics used to summarize the dataset. Variable selection involves reliability and validity tests and classical assumption tests like multicollinearity. The F-test demonstrates a statistically significant and beneficial influence of utilizing e-learning media and individual ability, training, and intention to use it for digital learning success. The results of ttests and regression models provide empirical evidence supporting the significant effect of e-learning media and intention to use on the effectiveness of digital learning. However, variables related to training and ability do not show any significant influence.
Managerial support's moderating role in Indonesian lecturers' career insight
Authors: Eryanto Henry , Santoso Budi , Adha Maulana Amirul , Susanto Teguh Trianung Djoko , Eranza Datu Razali Datu , Ibrahim Hadziroh , Dwita Febrisi
Published: May 2024

Lecturers' academic careers as professional workers have a different process from other workers. Understanding career insights is important for lecturers in carrying out their profession. this research aims to test the moderating effect of managerial support on the influence of career motivation and self-concept on career insight. this research uses quantitative methods, data collection uses instruments with a 1-5 Likert scale. Respondents were 499 lecturers in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses SEM PLS. The research results show that career motivation and self concept have a positive effect on lecturers' career insight. meanwhile, managerial support does not have a significant moderating effect on the influence of career motivation and self concept on career insight. this research recommends the need for efforts to increase the role of managerial support in increasing lecturers' career insight. this is an opportunity for further research with different theoretical and methodological aspects.