bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La memoria de los verdugos de 1936 y la cultura de la impuni(bili)dad en la democracia posfranquista
Authors: Sánchez León Pablo
Published: August 2020

Este texto se interesa por los efectos que la producción académica produce sobre la construcción social del victimario, y se centra en el caso de los victimarios de la guerra española de 1936 y su estatus en la cultura de la democracia posfranquista. Escoge dos obras de especialistas dirigidas al público amplio y rastrea a partir de ellas cómo el tratamiento de los victimarios se encuentra predefinido por un marco que exonera de partida a determinados posibles perpetradores al figurar en la nómina de intelectuales y artistas que conforman el canon cultural del siglo XX. El enfoque alternativo que propone consiste en combinar una hermenéutica de los testimonios de posibles perpetradores con otras fuentes documentales, y escoge como ejemplo el de Dionisio Ridruejo, figura que epitomiza el cambio de identidad en contra del franquismo pero a partir de una profunda implicación en la maquinaria de represión del régimen de Franco que reclama un estudio completo.
Padres perpetradores. Perspectivas desde los hijos e hijas de represores en Argentina
Authors: Basile Teresa
Published: August 2020

En el presente artículo propongo abordar la figura del perpetrador elaborada desde la mirada de los hijos e hijas de represores en Argentina, es decir la representación del “padre perpetrador”. Esta perspectiva viene a agregar un nuevo capítulo a la tradición sobre el represor que ahora es revisitada por sus propios hijos, en especial aquellos hijos/as desobedientes que reniegan y se distancian de sus padres. Nos interesa señalar la reciente creación en 2017 del colectivo Historias Desobedientes: Familiares de genocidas por la Memoria, la Verdad y la Justicia ya que constituye una nueva voz con sus peculiares aportes y demandas en las políticas y prácticas de la memoria. Si bien partimos de la publicación de Escritos desobedientes (2018) por parte de este colectivo, luego ampliamos el corpus para incluir otros testimonios, ficciones, autoficciones y documentales, en los cuales es posible recorrer tanto las experiencias de las infancias en el interior de una “familia militar”, como las representaciones sobre sus padres: salvadores o héroes de la Patria, monstruos, genocidas, perejiles, arrepentidos, etc.
Construcción performativa de la autoridad: entramado de sentidos en apariciones públicas, imágenes y representaciones de Videla
Authors: Verzero Lorena
Published: August 2020

Este artículo realiza una aproximación a las representaciones de la figura de Jorge Rafael Videla a partir del análisis imágenes emblemáticas que resultan significativas por su alto grado de performatividad. Me interesa detectar relaciones entre las imágenes producidas o reproducidas en los medios de comunicación y aquellas construidas en el ámbito artístico, con la finalidad de abordar al amplio problema de las representaciones de represores. Los conceptos de “performatividad” y “teatralidad” constituyen parte del andamiaje teórico y son también herramientas de análisis. Me abocaré, entonces, al análisis de las intervenciones públicas del ex presidente de facto en tres conferencias de prensa y dos fotografías que por diferentes motivos resultan paradigmáticas. Y, dado que el teatro constituye el lugar de la representación por excelencia, me detendré luego en Vidé/la muerte móvil (2016, de Vicente Muleiro con dirección de Norman Briski), una obra teatral en la que la construcción de la figura del dictador ilumina el problema de las representaciones de represores sin escamotear la “puesta en cuerpo” del personaje principal que remite a Videla. La pregunta general que me interesa dejar planteada gira en torno a cuáles han sido los elementos teatralizados a lo largo de los años para la construcción de la figura del dictador y cuáles han sido sus efectos de sentido.
An At-home Positive Psychology Intervention for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Freedman Melanie E. , Healy Brian C. , Huffman Jeff C. , Chitnis Tanuja , Weiner Howard L. , Glanz Bonnie I.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Positive psychology (PP) uses targeted activities to increase the frequency and intensity of positive feelings and may improve overall well-being in medically ill populations. In this phase 1 randomized controlled trial, we examined the feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of a 5-week, telephone-delivered PP intervention for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:

Participants were randomized 1:1 to a 5-week at-home PP intervention or a waitlist control condition. Participants engaged in weekly telephone calls with a study trainer and completed one PP exercise, such as recalling a past success, each week. Feasibility was determined by the number of sessions completed, and acceptability was assessed by weekly postexercise participant ratings of ease and utility. Efficacy was explored by examining between-group differences in changes from baseline on psychological variables, health-related quality of life, and self-reported functional activities at 5 and 10 weeks.

Results:

Of 30 patients enrolled in the study, 28 (93%) completed all exercises. Ease scores ranged from 7.7 to 8.7 of 10 and utility scores ranged from 8.2 to 8.7 of 10. The PP intervention was associated with significantly greater increases (P < .05) in positive affect, optimism, state and trait anxiety, general health, and resilience in the intervention group versus the control group. Approximately half of the PP participants maintained at least 50% of the improvement at 10 weeks.

Conclusions:

This 5-week, telephone-based PP intervention was feasible and acceptable to individuals with MS. Larger randomized controlled trials are warranted to further investigate the utility of this intervention to improve well-being and other health outcomes in MS.
Apakah sistem kekerabatan matrilinieal di suku Minang masih membudaya? Analisis tematik pada makna pemberian dukungan sosial mamak kepada kemenakan
Authors: Hartati Niken
Published: August 2020

Suku Minang memiliki sistem kekerabatan matrilineal di mana kesejahteraan seorang anak menjadi tanggung jawab bersama keluarga besar ibu (communal) yang dipimpin oleh mamak (saudara laki-laki ibu). Akan tetapi, penelitian-penelitian dalam bidang sosiologi memberikan bukti bahwa sistem kekerabatan tersebut sudah memudar dan peran mamak sudah digantikan oleh bapak seiring dengan menguatnya praktik keluarga inti (nuclear family). Penelitian ini berusaha mengeksplorasi tema-tema dalam makna pemberian dukungan dari perspektif mamak kepada kemenakan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 298 laki-laki Minang yang memiliki kemenakan (anak dari saudara perempuannya) dan berdomisili di provinsi Sumatra Barat yang secara tradisional mempraktikan sistem kekerabatan matrilineal. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan open-ended questionaire, dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pemberian dukungan sosial dari mamak kepada kemenakan masih dilakukan pada mayoritas partisipan. Namun, pemberian dukungan tersebut hanya bersifat insidental dan tidak berlangsung terus-menerus. Pemberian dukungan kepada kemenakan ternyata memberikan manfaat bagi kesejahteraan afektif mamak apabila perilaku tersebut dilakukan secara tulus (altruist) dan praktik tersebut ternyata memberikan luaran sosial yang positif (rewards) seperti harga diri (self-esteem) dan perasaan terhubung (feeling social connection). Temuan lain yang menarik adalah munculnya kategori kewajiban (obligation) yang ternyata juga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan afektif alih-alih menjadi beban bagi mamak.
Anteseden leader endorsement: Perspektif teori identitas sosial
Authors: Nugraha Yoga Aji , Samian Samian , Riantoputra Corina D
Published: August 2020

Salah satu kunci dari efektivitas kepemimpinan adalah bagaimana seorang pemimpin diterima dan didukung oleh bawahannya (leader endorsement). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi dukungan bawahan terhadap pemimpin berdasarkan teori identitas sosial. Artikel ini memiliki hipotesis bahwa prototipikalitas pemimpin (leader prototypicality) dan personal bases of power dari pemimpin (expert power dan referent power) memengaruhi dukungan bawahan terhadap pemimpinnya. Menggunakan online surveys kami berhasil mendapatkan partisipan sebanyak 135 karyawan dari berbagai perusahaan swasta di Indonesia. Reliabilitas masing-masing alat ukur yang digunakan berkisar antara 0,80 – 0,90. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) leader prototypicality tidak signifikan memengaruhi leader endorsement (β = .124; p < .05); (2) leaders’ expert power (β = .767; p < .01) dan leaders’ referent power (β = .363; p < .01) signifikan memengaruhi leader endorsement. Faktor tersebut mampu memprediksi varian leader endorsement sebesar 78,3%, F(3.94) = 56.706, p < .01. Temuan penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap perkembangan teori identitas sosial bahwa pada konteks perusahaan swasta, identitas sosial pemimpin bukan menjadi faktor yang menentukan terbentuknya dukungan terhadap pemimpin.
The Computer Contradictionary
Authors: Kelly-Bootle Stan
Published: August 2020

"Ascertain the meaning before consulting this dictionary," warns the author of this collection of deliberately satirical misdefinitions. New computer cultures and their jargons have burgeoned since this book's progenitor, "The Devil's DP Dictionary", was published in 1981. This updated version of Stan Kelly-Bootle's romp through the data processing lexicon is a response to the "Unix pandemic" that has swept academia and government, to the endlessly hyped panaceas offered to the MIS, and to the PC explosion that has brought computer terminology to a "hugely bewildered, lay audience.' The original dictionary, a pastiche of Ambrose Bierce's famous work, parried chiefly the mainframe and mini-folklore of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. This revision adds over 550 new entries and enhances many of the original definitions. Key targets are "a host of new follies crying out for cynical lexicography including: the GUI-Phooey iconoclasts, object orienteering and the piping of BLObs down the Clinton-Gore InfoPike."
The Metaphysics of Meaning
Authors: Katz Jerrold J.
Published: August 2020

Jerrold J. Katz offers a radical reappraisal of the "linguistic turn" in twentieth-century philosophy. He shows that the naturalism that emerged to become the dominant philosophical position was never adequately proved. Katz critiques the major arguments for contemporary naturalism and develops a new conception of the naturalistic fallacy. This conception, inspired by Moore, explains why attempts to naturalize linguistics and logic, and perhaps ethics, will fail. He offers a Platonist view of such disciplines, justifying it as the best explanation of their autonomy, their objectivity, and their normativity.

Bradford Books imprint
Economics of Cassava Flour Production in Iwajowa Local Government Area of Oyo State
Authors: Olaniyi Oluwafemi, Zaccheaus
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the economics of cassava flour production in Iwajowa Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The instrument of data collection was a well-structured questionnaire and interview schedules. A simple random sampling technique in proportion to population was used to select 120 respondents in the study area. Descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis were used to analyze the socioeconomic characteristics and cassava flour production inputs. The cassava flour processors in the study area were still in their active age with a relatively low level of education and moderate family size. Majority engaged in cassava flour production as primary occupation using soaking and sundry processing techniques. Therefore ₦23064 was the mean of gross margin in the area. It is recommended that cassava flour processors should be educated on new production technologies, assisted to have access to improved processing machine and to solve the problems itemized.
Universities for Seniority: A New Perspective of Aging
Authors: Ponciano Daniela , Borin Chiacchio Fernanda Bogarim , Rodrigues Gisele Alves , Sousa Prado Daniely de , Noleto Soares Deusimar , Arruda Maria Aparecida
Published: August 2020

Universities for the elderly are places focused on learning, well-being, and quality of life of the elderly which ensures healthier aging. Objective: To describe the contributions of universities of  the elderly to the healthy aging of their participants. Methodology: The work is characterized as bibliographic research. Regarding inclusion criteria, the bibliographic study included national journals on the theme, of the free access databases SCIELO and LILACS from 2008 to 2018. Results: Social experiences in universities promote the elderly a pleasurable old age, with socialization, the maintenance of friendships, self-knowledge, self-esteem, learning, the satisfaction of living. All this helps in coping with crises and losses of this phase and enables successful aging. Final considerations: given what was raised, it is concluded that the participation of the elderly in a university for the elderly contributes positively to a better quality of life in the aging process. This is because these sites offer the elderly the opportunity to live in a pleasurable and healthier way, as well as favors in maintaining biopsychosocial well-being.
Molecular Characterization and Cellulolytic Capacity of Chaetomium globosum Isolates
Authors: El-Dawy Eman G. , Shebany Yassmin M. , Gherbawy Youssuf A.
Published: August 2020

Chaetomium species are saprophytic fungi, havethe ability to degrade cellulose with hydrolytic enzymes. Hydrolytic enzymes are a cluster of enzymes, which have the flexibility of breaking down complicated molecules into smaller molecules. The objective of this study was to clarify the genetic diversity among the isolated Chaetomium population by using PCR-based methods, along with the study of their cellulolytic activities. Chaetomium spp. were isolated from twenty-eight samples of Cuminum cyminum and Pimpinella anisum, and identified morphologically and molecularly by ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The sequencing indicated that all the isolates of Chaetomium had a 99% sequence identity with Chaetomium globosum sequences from GenBank. Molecular techniques with Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing and specific genes random primers polymerase chain reaction (SGRP-PCR) showed the existence of high DNA polymorphism of Chaetomium globosum. All isolates were tested for their ability of cellulases production. Nine of the thirteen isolates of Chaetomium globosumcould produce cellulases. There are variations between C. globosum isolates and the source of the isolates and their habitat do not correlate to their ability to secrete cellulases.
Effect of Organics and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Organic Carbon Distribution in a Typic Ustifluvents
Authors: Pandey Amit Kumar , Singh Ashutosh , Singh Umesh
Published: August 2020

To assess the effect of water hyacinth compost, vermicompost and inorganic fertilizers a field experiment was undertaken during rabi 2015-16 in light textured sandy loam soil of Mandan Bharti Agriculture College, Agwanpur, Saharsa, Bihar in split plot design with four levels of NPK in main plot and four levels of organic sources in sub-plot treatment in three replications. The experimental site was located in between 25°52’50” North latitude and 86o48’62” East longitude in agro-climatic zone-II of Bihar having hot moist sub-humid climate with average annual rainfall of 1050 mm and mean maximum and minimum annual temperature of 26°C and 18°C, respectively. Wheat (cv. DBW- 14) was grown as test crop during the reputed period of 2015-16. Vermicompost, compost made from aquatic weed water hyacinth (water hyacinth compost) alone or in combination with different levels of NPK of recommended dose of fertilizers were applied. The soil organic carbon decreased with increasing soil depth. Vermicompost, water hyacinth compost either alone or incombination with different levels of NPK fertilizer increased the status of soil organic carbon over control at each soil depth, Effect of water hyacinth compost, vermicompost or both either individually or in combination with chemical fertilizers had been very small.
An Analytical View on Water Use Efficiency of Some Main Crops Grown in the Non-costal Parts of Thrace Region
Authors: Cakir Recep
Published: August 2020

The article contains data obtained from evaluations related to irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and water use efficiency (WUE), for the main crops, irrigated at different stages of growth, on the basis of some findings obtained in the Research Institute in Kırklareli. Each of the experimental crops was sown and farmed following procedures applied by the farmers in the region, except of the irrigation applications which were based on the sensitivity of a certain crop to water shortage in the soil, during the specific growth stages. Similar procedures were applied and all the experimental treatments were irrigated at growth stages, as predicted in the research methodology, and water amounts required to fill the 0-90 cm soil depth to field capacity were implied. Evaluation data obtained from the field experiments with three major crops, grown on the non-coastal lands of Thrace Region showed, that the productivity of irrigation water, as well as water use efficiencies of all analysed crops, are growth stage controlled. The highest IWUE and WUE efficiencies of 0.87 and 0.92 kg da-1 m-3; and 1.08 kg da-1 m-3 and 0.81 kg da-1 m-3; were determined for wheat and sunflower crops, irrigated at booting and flowering stages, respectively. Each m3 of irrigation water, applied during the most sensitive fruit formation stage (Ff) of pumpkin crop, provided additionally 8.47 kg da-1 fruit yield, 8.09 fruit numbers and 0.28 kg da-1 seed yields, more than those of rainfed farming (R).
Antifungal Effectiveness of Pyrolytic Oil Obtained from Triplochiton scleroxylon (De. Wild) Sawdust on Selected Wood Species
Authors: Okanlawon F. B. , Adegoke O. A. , Olatunji O. A. , Abiola J. K.
Published: August 2020

The present study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of pyrolytic oil obtained from Triplochion scleroxylon sawdust which used as a preservative against fungi attack on Alstonia bonnei, Ceiba pentandra, Pterocarpus osun, Terminalia randii, Triplochiton scleroxylon wood. The wood samples used for the experiment were dimensioned into 20 x 20 x 60 mm and soaked for 72 hours to obtain appreciable absorption. The percentage absorption after soaking and weight loss after exposure to termite were determined. Data were analyzed using simple statistics and analysis of variance at α0.05. The highest and lowest percentage absorption was recorded for Terminalia randii and Alstonia bonnie with 23.20 % and 13.10 % respectively. Analysis of variance result indicates the significant difference in wood species used. The result obtained for weight loss revealed significant differences in wood species as well as in fungi also.  The result further showed that those are taken as control recorded the highest weight loss to white and brown rot fungi. Pyrolytic oil possesses a great potential in the prevention of fungi attack as it contained phenolic compound.
Odd Lindley-Kumaraswamy Distribution: Model, Properties and Application
Authors: Samson Kuje , Auwal Abubakar, Mohammad , Abraham Asongo, Iorkaa , Sulaiman Alhaji, Ismaila
Published: August 2020

This article uses the odd Lindley-G family of distributions to propose and study a new compound distribution called “odd Lindley-Kumaraswamy distribution”. In this article, the density and distribution functions of the odd Lindley-Kumaraswamy distribution are defined and studied by deriving and discussing many properties of the distribution such as the ordinary moments, moment generating function, characteristics function, quantile function, reliability functions, order statistics and other useful measures. The unknown model parameters are also estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. The goodness-of-fit of the proposed distribution is demonstrated using two real life datasets. The results show that the proposed distribution outperforms the other fitted compound models selected for this study and hence it is a flexible generalization of the Kumaraswamy distribution.
Performance Enhancement of Induced Draft Counter Flow Wet Cooling Tower with Different Types of Modified Shaped Fill Assembly
Authors: Dewanjee Suman , Kabir Sheikh Muhammad Humayun , Das Uschuas Dipta
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an experimental analysis of heat transfer using different shaped fills in a counter flow induced draft cooling tower. The main objective is to determine and compare the characteristics of the cooling tower using newly shaped (splash and film) fills and the regular used fills. The newly shaped fills are inverted U-shape cross-sectional splash fill and film fill with ripple plates. The obtained results show that the performance is affected by the type and arrangement of the fills. The modified splash fill has increased the wetted surface area of fill within the same volume compared to regular fills. The film fill with ripple plates has been used     such that water from the distribution device ran down on both surfaces of each ripple plate. By the arrangement of ripple plates, cooling loss by premature dropping off of water has been avoided. Performance factors like range, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity, evaporation loss, percent loss are calculated from collected data for newly shaped fills, and regular shaped fills. It is observed that range, effectiveness, and cooling capacity increases with both newly shaped fills. When ripple plated film fill is used; range, effectiveness, and cooling capacity is found highest among the different shape of fills used in this study. At the same time evaporation loss and percent loss are found lowest for inverted-U shaped splash fill.
Awareness of Using Articaine in Children by Dentists in Chennai- A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Iyer Prabhav Kumar , Mani Geo
Published: August 2020

Articaine is a short acting local anesthetic agent which is used for minor surgeries. Although there is reluctance to use it on children, studies have shown that it is safe to use it in pediatric patients above the age of 4 years. This survey aimed to analyse the awareness on the use of articaine in children among dentists. A questionnaire containing questions about articaine, it’s properties and the participant’s general view about the local anesthetic was distributed to the dental students and private practitioners in Chennai. The results were statistically analyzed using Chi Square test. Moreover, 65% of the participants were using articaine in children, 26.51% preferred using articaine in children below the age of 4. On the other hand, 43.18% were unsure about the choice of articaine as their default local anesthetic agent. This survey showed that dental students and the participants with 0-5 years of experience used articaine as a local anesthetic in children with the difference being statistically not significant(p>0.05). Moreover, male dentists showed more willingness to prefer articaine as their default local anesthetic agent compared to females, however the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Comparison of the Antimicrobial Efficiency of Neem Leaf Extract and 17% Edta with 3% Sodium Hypochlorite against E. faecalis, C. albicans – An in vitro Study
Authors: Santhosh T. , Priscilla Antony S. Delphine , Muralidharan N. P.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis are the most predominant microorganisms found in the canals of failed root canal treated teeth. Thorough debridement of an infected root canal and complete elimination of microorganisms are objectives of effective endodontic therapy. For thousands of years, humans have used herbs as the primary means to sort out health issues and illnesses. Not all herbs have shown to provide scientific evidence as medicine to illness. Neem is a Botanical herb that is truly remarkable with its scientific value, a tropical evergreen native to India. Although different agents have been suggested as root canal irrigants, sodium hypochlorite and EDTA are the most popularly used.

Aim: To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available irrigants, 17% EDTA and a herbal product, neem leaf extract compared with 3% sodium hypochlorite as a control against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.

Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar well diffusion method. Freshly prepared neem leaf extracts, 17% EDTA, 3% Sodium hypochloriteStandard strain of E. Faecalis and C. Albicans were used in this study. These isolates were subcultured on to Brain heart infusion agar (BHI agar) and HI-chrome candidal differential media respectively. The agar well diffusion test was performed in brain heart infusion media and broth. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the zone of inhibition was recorded and analyzed statistically.

Results: Zones of inhibition were present with Neem leaf extract suggestive of antimicrobial properties. Zones of inhibition were greater with Neem extract than 17% EDTA. Hence, further research should be directed towards the use of this herbal extract as an irrigant clinically with endodontic therapy.

Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it was found that neem leaf extract had a significant antimicrobial effect against E. Faecalis and C. Albicans compared to EDTA and Sodium Hypochlorite. Since the study is a qualitative analysis, further testing needs to be done to final quantitative analysis of the antimicrobial activity of neem leaf extract.
Knowledge and Awareness about Transdermal Drug Patches among Dental Students
Authors: Trishala A. , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Kumar M. P. Santhosh
Published: August 2020

Transdermal delivery is a non-invasive route of drug administration through the skin surface that can deliver the drug at a predetermined rate across the dermis to achieve a local or systemic effect. It is potentially used as an alternative to oral routes of drugs and hypodermic injections. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of transdermal drug patches among dental students. A structured self-assessed online questionnaire having 15 questions on transdermal drug patches was prepared and distributed to the dental students who have clinical exposure including 3rd BDS, final BDS, interns, and postgraduates of all specialties. It was circulated using online software, survey planet, and the response was collected through it. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Considering the responses, it can be interpreted that the knowledge regarding transdermal drug patches is above average among dental students. Also, postgraduate students were more knowledgeable than undergraduate students. Interns showed more awareness than a third-year or final year undergraduate students. Educational workshops, conferences, and CDE’s are essential for both undergraduates and postgraduates to improve their knowledge regarding various transdermal drug patches and their adverse reactions.
Comparison of Anxiolytic Drugs of Diazepam and Zolpidem in Patients Undergoing Extraction
Authors: Deepak Anupama , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Ramanathan Visalakshi
Published: August 2020

Anxiolytic drugs are a class of drugs that reduce the anxiety levels in the individuals by nonspecifically binding to the GABAα located throughout the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic effects of diazepam and Zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university setting, with a sample size of 100 patients, of the age group 25-45 years. 50 patients were administered with Tab. Diazepam and 50 patients with Tab. Zolpidem one hour before the surgical procedure. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A Scale) was used to record the patient's anxiety levels before and during the extraction procedure. These data were then recorded in MS Excel Sheet and imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. From this study, it can be seen that most of the patients were females and mainly between the age group 25-35 years. Diazepam had significantly lesser post sedation anxiety levels in comparison with its post sedation levels than zolpidem with, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that diazepam had better post sedation effects than zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction as patients presented with lesser severity in their anxiety levels.
Assessment of Incidence of Presence of Bacteria in Sutures of Maxillofacial Trauma Patients
Authors: Srinivasulu Yandeti , Wahab Abdul , Murugan P. Senthil
Published: August 2020

Background: Sutures under selective host or environmental factors can potentiate postoperative surgical site infection. The present study characterized microbial recovery and biofilm formation from explanted absorbable and non-absorbable sutures from infected and non-infected sites of maxillofacial trauma patients.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of microbiology of explanted suture segments from infected and non-infected maxillofacial trauma patients.

Methods and Materials: Non absorbable and absorbable suture segments were collected at Randomly from 80 patients with two groups one group with infected sutures second group with non-infected sutures. Explanted sutures were recovered from maxillofacial trauma surgeries. Suture segments were obtained upon patient return to the clinic after seven days for review. All suture segments were collected aseptically. Designation of non-infected versus infected was determined by clinical presentation and criteria defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All the suture specimens were sent to University Microbiology department for bacterial culture and the results were studied.

Results: A significant difference in mean microbial recovery between non infected and infected sutures were noted. Age distribution showed, males 86.25% and females 13.75% [Fig. 1]. Fig. 5 shows the Association of infected and non-infected suture groups with presence or absence of bacteria infected suture shows presence bacteria 13.75%, and non-infected suture showed presence of bacteria 6.25%, absence of bacteria 80.0%. Table 1- Presence or absence of infection cross tabulation showed, presence of  bacteria in infected suture 11, presence of bacteria in non-infected suture 5 and absence of bacteria 64.

Conclusion: Within the limitation of study, we found that bacterial presence on the suture has a statistically significant role in causing postoperative infection. Any suture may be considered as a port of entry for infection, which in turn may compromise healing of the surgical wound. It is advised to minimize the duration of the presence of sutures, and their removal should be carried out as early as possible, according to the specific healing conditions.
Knowledge, Awareness and Practice towards New Generation Cephalosporin among Dental Students
Authors: Hilal Sheriff K. Ahmed , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Subashree R.
Published: August 2020

Dentists all over the world prescribe antibiotics therapeutically and prophylactically to manage oral and dental infections more commonly orofacial infections. The prescribing of antibiotics by dental practitioners has become an important aspect of dental practice as most human orofacial infections originate from odontogenic infections. The cephalosporins are a large family of broad-spectrum β-lactam antimicrobial drugs. Cephalosporins are now used as first-line agents in the treatment of many infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and gonorrhea. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge awareness and Practice towards New Generation Cephalosporin among          dental students. A questionnaire consisting of 10 questions were prepared and distributed to 100 dental students, the questionnaire was prepared online and the link was distributed to the             dental students. The results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using SPSS  software. From this survey, it is seen that most of the students were not well aware of the new generation cephalosporins.  63% of the dental students were aware that cephalosporins are broad-spectrum antibiotics. 74% of the students were aware of cephalosporin drugs, 88% of the respondents do not use cephalosporins in their practice, among the entire population only 32% were aware regarding the new generation cephalosporin and only 33% of the students were aware regarding its action against MRSA. 17% of the dental students were aware that 5 generations of cephalosporins are available Most of the dental students who attempted this questionnaire did not have complete knowledge regarding the new generations of cephalosporins rather they were aware of the 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins. Furthermore, knowledge regarding the pharmacological aspects of new generation cephalosporins is necessary so that they can apply it to their practice.
Oncogenes and their Role in Oral Oncogenesis - A Survey
Authors: Kalyani P. , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Duraiswamy Revathi , Kumar M. P. Santhosh
Published: August 2020

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC] is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. The etiological agents for OSCC are tobacco, betel quid, smoking, and alcohol. Oral cancer also has a genetic basis that is mediated by oncogenes. 

Aim: The aim of the survey was to evaluate the knowledge about the role of oncogenes in oral oncogenesis among undergraduate dental students. 

Materials and Methods: The study was a questionnaire-based survey and the respondents were to fourth year or interns of an undergraduate dental school. The sample size of the study was 100 and simple random sampling was used for choosing the sample population. The collected data was validated, tabulated, and analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and results were obtained.

Results and Conclusion: 25% of the respondents were fourth-year students and 75% were interns. About 98% of respondents were aware of the genetic basis of oral cancer. However, their knowledge about the role of oncogenes in oral cancer was very limited. A statistically significant association [P<0.05] was seen between the year of study and knowledge about oncogenes. Hence, measures have to be taken to impart knowledge about oncogenes for better diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Comparing the Efficacy of Triclosan Coated Sutures versus Chlorhexidine Coated Sutures in Preventing Surgical Site Infection after Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar
Authors: Krishnan Sneha , Periasamy Senthilnathan , Murugaiyan Arun
Published: August 2020

The aim of this present clinical trial study is evaluate the efficacy of triclosan coated sutures versus chlorhexidine coated sutures in preventing surgical site infection after removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. This prospective, single blind study included 30 patients divided into two groups with 15 patients each who had been referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar under local anaesthesia. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 were treated with (3-0) antimicrobial triclosan impregnated polyglactin sutures for closure and in group 2 with (3–0) antimicrobial chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures. Evaluation in regard to infection rate, abnormal erythema, pain and trismus between two groups was done on the 7th day postoperatively. In this study we observed that no significant difference in rates of infection between the groups. Abnormal erythema and trismus showed better results in group 2(chlorhexidine group) on 7th day postoperatively whereas incidence of pain was higher in patients treated with chlorhexidine coated sutures on the 7th day postoperatively as compared to patients treated with triclosan coated sutures. However, P value was >0.05 which was considered statistically insignificant. Within the limitations of the present study, chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures showed reduced infection rates,erythema and trismus  as compared to triclosan impregnated polyglactin sutures in healthy patients undergoing surgical removal of third molar under local anesthesia.
Comparative Evaluation of Inherent Antimicrobial Properties and Bacterial Surface Adherence between Copper and Stainless Steel Suction Tube
Authors: Ketkar Gaurav N. , Malaiappan Sankari , N. Muralidharan
Published: August 2020

Aim of the present study is comparative evaluation of the inherent antimicrobial properties of the copper and stainless steel suction tube also evaluate bacterial adherence and reduction with time within the suction tube. Present study was performed in an in vitro setting in Saveetha dental college and hospital. Both the metals suction tubes were cut into equal lengths of 2.3 inches and dipped in a sterile container for 5 minutes which had bacterial suspension of Streptococcus Mutans. Each group included three samples of copper and stainless steel suction tubes. Control group was taken out at 0 mins post initial dipping period de-coated in a sterile container and immediately cultured on Brain heart infusion agar, followed by group 1 at 15 minutes group 2 at 60 minutes and group 3 at 180 minutes respectively. Bacterial colonies were counted after overnight incubation. Copper suction tubes demonstrated less initial adhesion of bacterial colonies than that of stainless steel suction tubes. Percentage reduction in bacterial colonies was observed more in stainless steel suction tubes with respect to time. Spite of high initial adhesion stainless steel suction tube demonstrated higher degree of percentage reduction in bacterial colonies with time hence proven better for antimicrobial properties than copper suction tube.
Evaluation of Calcium and Alkaline Phosphatase in the Salivary Samples of Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Baskar Keerthana , Dharman Sreedevi
Published: August 2020

The quality of life for women after menopause is one of the key health issues today. Rapid bone loss occurs in post-menopausal women due to hormonal factors that lead to an increased risk of fractures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the calcium and Alkaline phosphate levels (ALP) in the salivary samples of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study was conducted with a sample size of 30, with 15 samples from premenopausal women belonging to the age group of 40-46 years and 15 samples from postmenopausal women aged more than 50 years. Calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels were estimated using the commercial kits available which were Spinreact and Accucare alkaline phosphatase respectively. The statistical analysis was done using independent t-test. Saliva was stimulated and biochemical analysis of these salivary samples was done to evaluate the calcium and alkaline phosphatase. Mean salivary calcium in premenopausal women was found to be 7.37±1.141 mg/dl and in postmenopausal women it was found to be  5.19±1.141mg/dl,P=0.000(p<0.05). Mean salivary ALP levels in premenopausal women was found to be 10.81±3.295 mg/dl and in postmenopausal women was found to be 33.58±3.295 mg/dl, P=0.001(p <0.05), hence statistically significant. Within the limitations of the study, it was found that  calcium were found to be significantly more in premenopausal women when compared to postmenopausal women, while alkaline phosphatase levels were increased in postmenopausal women when compared to premenopausal women. Hence, salivary calcium and ALP levels can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of bone diseases as it is a non-invasive technique.
Effect of Nano-hydroxyapatite Crystal Incorporated Herbal Dentifrice on Remineralization of Incipient Caries Lesion- A Pilot Study
Authors: Kengadaran Shivashankar , Sakthi Sri , Anusha Divvi , Arumugham I. Meignana , Kumar R. Pradeep
Published: August 2020

Fluoridated dentifrices are considered as an effective method for preventing dental caries. Nano-hydroxyapatite crystals which have remineralizing potential can be combined with herbs with antimicrobial activity and used as a dentifrice without any risks like cytotoxicity and adverse effects. Nano-hydroxyapatite crystals are formulated by wet chemical precipitation method and tested using X-ray diffractometer. An herbal dentifrice is formulated from extract of Salvadora persica to which Nano-hydroxyapatite crystals are added. A 3x3mm wide window has been created in 14 extracted first premolars which are then processed through a pH cycling for 7 days. The depth of the lesion is assessed using a confocal microscope. The difference in mean depth of the lesion between test dentifrice (Herbal dentifrice with Hydroxyapatite) (240.33.± 23.47) and fluoride dentifrice (272.75±29.38) was found to be statistically significant. Herbal dentifrice with Hydroxyapatite group mean depth of the lesion was 763.13+66.18 before and 240.33+23.48 after the remineralization cycle. In the Fluoride dentifrice group the mean depth of the lesion is 763.14±66.18 before and 272.55+29.38 after the pH cycle. Herbal dentifrice incorporated with hydroxyapatite had higher remineralizing potential compared to a fluoride dentifrice.
Survey on Awareness of Rubella Vaccine among College Girls
Authors: Vaishnavi Allour , Muralidharan N. P.
Published: August 2020

Background: The Rubella virus is classified under the Arbovirus. It commonly affects children of age less than 10 years. In an adult, it mostly remains as a latent infection. Its persistence in an adult is more significant in a woman's life especially after adolescence, in the childbearing age. It is a factor commonly associated with infertility in a woman and congenital malformation. Latent infections in women will also lead to abortion. It is recommended by WHO that all women at childbearing age should be given a booster dose before the age of 18. In a country like India, rubella infection in women leads to social and mental issues. Thus the awareness among the girls at the age of 18 is imperative.

Methods: This survey was conducted among the 100 undergraduate students and postgraduate students at saveetha dental college from December, 2019 to January,2020. They were given a questionnaire to know about the rubella viral infection and the issues related to infertility. The results were collected and then analyzed through SPSS software. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out and the chi-square test was used and the p-value was calculated.

Results: The survey reveals that many girls are aware of the rubella vaccine but not its benefits in preventing rubella virus infection and its complications. Among them 50% girls have knowledge about the significance of rubella infection in young adults, 22% among them are aware of female infertility is also related to poor rubella immunity, 42% are aware of congenital malformation are common in rubella, 30% girls answered that rubella vaccine at our teenage will prevent infertility issues.

Conclusion: It is also found that the information they have on the consequence of the persistence of rubella in them is abstract. The real impact on their life is not understood by many. This is evident with their willingness to get immunized at the risky part of their life. This can be mitigated by conducting regular awareness camps in schools, colleges, and their workplace.
Awareness of Aromatherapy in Healing Stress and Body Pain among Dental Students
Authors: Muralidharan V. A. , Priya A. Jothi , Devi Gayatri
Published: August 2020

Aromatherapy is a style of practice in medicine where essential oils or other scents are used. These are either applied or directly inhaled to attain therapeutic benefit. Also they are used either by distillation with water or steam, or from the epicarp of citrus fruits by a mechanical process or by dry distillation. The mechanism of action in aromatherapy is unknown, but recent studies have shown that aromatherapy is also beneficial for a few health problems. A range of essential oils are found to possess various degrees of antimicrobial activity and are believed to own antiviral, nematicidal, antifungal, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. Hence this treatment is also known as essential oil therapy. At the current situation of COVID -19 there is a prevalence of stress due to lockdown. This mental stress can adversely affect the physical and mental well-being of each and every individual. In order to overcome this stress this aroma therapy can be used. The main aim of the study is to assess the awareness of the use of aromatherapy in healing stress and body pain. This was a cross sectional study conducted among the dental students through a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 10 questions and was circulated among the student population. The statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS software version 2.0. The results concludes that most of the participants are aware of aromatherapy and the found it beneficial in healing stress and body pain.
Prohibitin participates in the HIRA complex to promote cell metastasis in breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Huang Xiaoqing , Liu Jinji , Ma Qinghui
Published: August 2020

Prohibitin (PHB) is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional protein with a well‐characterized function as a chaperone‐stabilizing mitochondrial proteins. Recently it was reported that nuclear PHB participates in HIRA chaperone complexes and regulates downstream gene expression via cell cycle independent deposition of H3.3 into DNA. However, the role of PHB in cancer progression remains controversial with conflicting reports in the literature, perhaps due to its cell type‐dependent subcellular localization. Here, we report that the increased expression of nuclear PHB is positively correlated with metastasis of breast cancer cell lines. We showed PHB participates in the HIRA complex by interacting with HIRA through the linker region of the PHB domain and stabilizes all components of the HIRA complex in breast cancer. Overexpression of nuclear PHB resulted in a higher enrichment of histone H3.3 deposited by the HIRA complex at the promoters of mesenchymal markers. This coincided with an increased gene expression level of these markers, and induced EMT in breast cancer. Overall, these molecular and structural mechanisms suggest that nuclear PHB could hold promise as a potential target for cancer therapy.
Structural Approaches to Control Interlayer Interactions in 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Martínez‐Abadía Marta , Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio
Published: August 2020

The ability to design and synthesize monomers can affect fundamental aspects in 2D covalent organic frameworks, such as dimensionality, topology, and pore size. Besides this, the structure of the monomers can also affect interlayer interactions, which provide an additional means to influence crystallinity, layer arrangement, interlayer distances, and exfoliability. Herein, some of the effects that the structure of monomers can have on the interlayer interactions in 2D covalent organic frameworks and related materials are illustrated.