bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulasi Sediaan Gel Pembersih Gigi Infusa Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle.) Dan Uji Aktivitas Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Bachmid Sitti Nursaliima , Dewi Citra , Ridwan Bai Athur
Published: June 2023

Gel pembersih gigi merupakan salah satu produk yang dapat membantu menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut dari bakteri penyebab kerusakan/ karies pada gigi. Bakteri penyebab karies gigi adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri adalah daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle.). Daun jeruk nipis mengandung senyawa tanin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formula sediaan gel pembersih gigi dan mengetahui aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi infusa yang dibuat gel pembersih gigi dengan tiga konsentrasi yaitu 15%, 20% dan 25% dan dilakukan uji stabilitas sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji viskositas, uji homogenitas, dan sineresis gel selama 4 minggu serta uji aktivitas antibakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan data hasil pengujian zona hambat dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kruskall-wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji mann-whitney.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh sediaan gel pembersih gigi berwarna coklat kekuningan, memiliki aroma khas pengaroma dan khas ekstrak samar, pH 6, sediaan homogen, uji viskositas masing-masing formula baik dan memenuhi syarat, dan pada pengujian sineresis gel didapatkan formula mengalami sineresis. Hasil uji bakteri daya hambat konsentrasi 15% 18,89 mm, konsentrasi 20% 21,40 mm, dan  konsentrasi 25% 12,90 mm. Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan uji kruskal-wallis menunjukan nilai p= 0,009 < 0,05 dan dapat disimpulkan sediaan gel pembersih gigi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri
Uji Efektivitas Infusa Rambut Jagung (Zea mays L) Sebagai Anti Diabetes Pada Mencit (Mus musculus) Yang Di Induksi Streptozotocin
Authors: Firmanto Gabriela Mega , Siharis Fatma Sari , Awaliyah Halid Nur Hatidjah
Published: June 2023

Rambut jagung merupakan salah satu bagian dari jagung  yang memiliki senyawa flavonoid yang bersifat sebagai antioksidan. Flavonoid dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan kemampuannya sebagai zat anti oksidan. Flavonoid bersifat protektif terhadap kerusakan sel β sebagai penghasil insulin serta dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui infusa rambut jagung (Zea mays L) dapat memberikan aktivitas dan efektivitas sebagai anti diabetes pada mencit (Mus musculus) yang lebih optimal di banding dengan glibenklamid selaku kontrol positif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium, sampel di buat dengan metode infusa dengan menggunakan pelarut air yang dipanaskan pada suhu 90˚C selama 15 menit. Pengujian efektivitas anti diabetes pada penelitian ini  hewan uji dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (suspensi Na CMC 0.5%), kontrol positif (glibenklamid 0,013 mg), kelompok infusa rambut jagung 500 mg, kelompok infusa rambut jagung 1000 mg, dan kelompok infusa rambut jagung 2500 mg. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa infusa rambut jagung (zea mays l) mempunyai efektivitas sebagai anti diabetes pada konsentrasi dosis 2500 mg dengan nilai signifikan (0,00<0,05) dan persen penurunan kadar gula darah sebesar 53%  yang secara optimal sama dengan kontrol positif  (glibenklamid 0,013 mg), atau dapat disimpilkan bahawa infusa rambut jagung ( zea mays l) dapat memberikan aktivitas dan efektivitas sebagai anti diabetes secara optimal sama dengan glibenklamid.
Uji Aktivitas Antihiperlipidemia Glikosida Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Pada Hewan Uji Mencit (Mus Muscullus)
Authors: Rohaya Anita , Lolok Nikeherpianti , Fitrawan La Ode Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Glikosida adalah senyawa alami yang terdiri dari bagian karbohidrat atau gula yang umumnya bersifat oksidator yang disebut dengan glikon dan bukan gula atau bukan karbohidrat .Bagian karbohidrat yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah glukosa, xilosa dan arabinosa. Dan bagian bukan karbohidrat atau bukan gula paling banyak ditemukan adalah triterpen, steroid, dan flavonoid. Glikosida yang terdapat dalam buah mengkudu yaitu glikosida antrakuinon, glikosida flavonoid, glikosida iridoid, glikosida kaempferol dan glikosida quercetin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik laboratorium. Sampel diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian hasil dari ekstraksi etanol buah mengkudu dipartisi dengan etilasetat kemudian dipisahkan antara lapisan etilasetat dan glikosida buah mengkudu. Dan dilakukan uji aktivitas antihiperlipidemia dengan hewan uji dibagi 4 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (Na-CMC), kontrol positif simvastatin, kontrol fraksi glikosida dosis 100 mg/kg BB, kontrol fraksi glikosida dosis 200 mg/kg BB. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakanOne-Way ANOVA dan di uji LSD. Hasil uji analisis statistic didapatkan bahwa glikosida buah mengkudu mempunyaI aktifitas dan efektifitas sebagai antihiperlipidemia hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil LSD yang diperoleh terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kontrol negative dengan kontrol lain dengan nilai signifikan P< 0,05. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara kontrol fraksi glikosida 200 mg/kg BB dibandingakan kontrol positif dengan nilai signifikan P< 0,05(0,03) berbeda signifikan. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa dosis 200 mg/kg BB memiliki aktivitas yang tidak lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan simvastatin (10 mg/kg BB) karena persen penurunan simvastatin lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol fraksi glikosida
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian Terhadap Keberhasilan Berobat Pasien Diabetes Melitus (DM) Di RSUD Konawe Selatan
Authors: Yulianti Siska , Hamiru La Ode , Lolok Nikeherpianti , Baco Juliana
Published: June 2023

Keberhasilan terapi DM terhadap pengobatan sangat berperan dalam kontrol glukosa darah pasien DM. Pelayanan kefarmasian di rumah sakit merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari sistem pelayanan kesehatan Rumah Sakit yang berorientasi kepada pelayanan pasien, pelayanan sediaan farmasi, alat kesehatan, dan bahan medis habis pakai yang bermutu dan terjangkau bagi semua lapisan masyarakat termasuk pelayanan farmasi klinik Pemberian obat bertujuan untuk mencapai hasil yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien Oleh karena itu, dalam penggunaan obat diperlukan pertimbangan yang tepat agar penggunaannya efektif dan efisien..  Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien diabetes melitus di Intalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan. Jenis ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah populasi penelitian ini adalah 89 orang, Metode yang digunakan yaitu total sampling. Metode analisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, Chi squere dan Koefisien Ph.i Hasil penelitian ada hubungan antara keadaan fisik dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan. Ada hubungan antara ketanggapan dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan. Ada hubungan antara kehandalan dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan. Ada hubungan antara jaminan dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan. Ada hubungan antara peduli dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Konawe Selatan.
Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat Hipertensi di Puskesmas Langara Konawe Kepulauan Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2020
Authors: Andriani Desi , Ali Hanafi La Ode , Pusmarani Jastria
Published: June 2023

Hipertensi adalah suatu keadaan tekanan darah tinggi yang abnormal dan diukur paling tidak pada tiga kesempatan yang berbeda. Tekanan darah normal bervariasi sesuai usia, sehingga setiap diagnosis hipertensi harus bersifat spesifik usia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketepatan penggunaan obat antihipertensi yang meliputi tepat obat, tepat dosis, tepat indikasi dan tepat frekuensi pemberian obat pada pasien hipertensi yang berobat pada bulan Januari sampai Desember 2019 di Puskesmas Langara Konawe Kepulauan Sulawesi Tenggara dengan jumlah sampel 82 pasien. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data secara retrospektif berdasarkan dengan melihat resep dan  buku registrasi rekam medik pasien. Evaluasi yang dilakukan ini membandingkan data yang diteliti dengan literature. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis rasionalitas penggunaan obat antihipertensi di Pusekesmas Langara Konawe Kepulauan Sulawesi Tenggaraberdasarkan tepat obat mencapai 100%, tepat indikasi mencapai 100% untuk hipertensi stage 1 dan 85,7% untuk hipertensi stage 2, tepat  dosis mencapai 100% dan tepat frekuensi pemberian mencapai 100%.
Product design based on Collaborative Kansei Engineering
Authors: Wu Ceng-Juan , Zhu Tianlu , Zhang Zhizheng , Zhu Zhe , Lan Yanqing , Xue Bo
Published: June 2023

Collaborative Kansei Engineering is to achieve design optimization through multi-party collaboration and resource sharing, which can solve the problems of complex processes, large span of specialties, and long development cycles in each stage of design research. In this study, a collaborative design team was firstly formed based on the expertise, capability and working experience of different groups, and collaborative Conceptual Engineering was used to exchange and share knowledge on product design perceptual information and product attributes in order to speed up the decision-making process and improve design efficiency. Then, starting from the design task workflow, the tasks are decomposed and optimized according to certain logical relationships to achieve efficient design resource matching and improve the execution efficiency and controllability of collaborative design. Finally, the Design principles of Collaborative Kansei Engineering is constructed by considering the personal information of design resources, collaborative cooperation ability and other information. The results show that the approach to Internet product design based on Collaborative Kansei Engineering can improve the correct rate of decision evaluation in the product design process and improve the design efficiency.
Applying Smart Assistants in Express Decision for Insurance Choices
Authors: Mukkavilli Sai , M. Yemelyanov Alexander , Sukumaran Rahul
Published: June 2023

In this work, the self-regulation model of decision-making is further expanded to help Express Decision apply voice smart assistants to provide a service through a particular version of Express Decision in insurance (ED2-Insurance-Choice) when deciding which insurance policy to buy. We demonstrate that with the help of Express Decision, existing smart voice assistants like Alexa can be used more efficiently, specifically when setting goals. They can support instrumental rationality of the self-regulation model of Express Decision not only by voice recognition, but also by recognizing intuition as an inner voice.
Self-Regulation Problem Solving for Sufficient Risk Reduction
Authors: M. Yemelyanov Alexander , A Yemelyanov Alina
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes the self-regulation model (SRM) for sufficient risk reduction, which is based on the self-regulation model of the thinking process developed within the systemic-structural activity theory. SRM includes two sub-models: formation of mental model and formation of the level of motivation, as well as the regulation of their interaction by using feedback and feedforward controls. Feedback control is regulated by the factor of difficulty, and feedforward control is regulated by the factor of significance. With instrumentally rational goal setting, where “reduce risk sufficiently” is an uncertain goal, self-regulation helps the individual apply their personal beliefs and experiences to find a sufficient solution to the problem. We demonstrate how SRM is implemented in ED2-CPR-Choice, a web application designed for people with serious illness to help them decide whether to attempt CPR.
Limitations on the use of eye-tracking data to understand operator awareness
Authors: Mumaw Randall , Billman Dorrit
Published: June 2023

In the last 20 years, a number of accidents and incidents in commercial aviation have pointed to poor flightcrew awareness of basic flight path parameters (e.g., airspeed, bank, pitch). As a result, there is a desire to improve pilot situation awareness and how attention is allocated. Eye-tracking has been a commonly used measure of awareness; it can aid in understanding whether specific indications were fixated, and perhaps how a pilot gathered information (that is, which indications in which sequence).In this paper, we discuss limitations on what eye-tracking data can reveal about pilot awareness and understanding. First, previous studies (e.g., Sarter et al., 2007) have shown that fixation on an indication may not ensure awareness or understanding. Further, an operator may have awareness of information not fixated. Additional measures—such as self-report or control inputs—can help to better establish the extent of pilot awareness and understanding.Second, sequences of fixations (scan patterns) have also become a performance measure. While a small number of recognized scan patterns have been validated for a small set of parameters on the Primary Flight Display (PFD), scan patterns have not been identified to support the broader context of flight path management or flight operations. More important is to understand the full set of drivers underlying the larger pattern of eye fixations; this approach moves away from the idea of well-established scan patterns as a marker of skilled performance and gives a larger role to pilot cognition. Pilots have various reasons to direct attention to specific elements on the interface, such as -feedback tied to control inputs-a check on compliance with flight path targets-a reaction to an alert or a call out-attempt to understand an unexpected indication-assess progress toward a flight path targetThe importance of cognition is further implicated in the finding that pilot interviews show that fixating typically is accompanied by expectation; generally, pilots have a strong expectation of what value or indication they will see, which allows more efficient integration of information and an ability to identify indications that suggest an alternative account of the current system state. We will describe a range of eye-tracking measures and how they should and should not be used.
Ergonomics, Health and Safety Challenges in the Construction Industry and the Role of Industry 4.0
Authors: Ngxesha Simamnkele , Deacon Claire , Smallwood John
Published: June 2023

Construction is a physically demanding process, and its activities entail exposure to a range of health and safety (H&S) and ergonomics hazards and risks. Inadequate H&S and ergonomics in turn negatively impact the health and wellbeing of workers and overall project and business performance. Given these realities and the persistence of H&S and ergonomics hazards and risks, a quantitative study was conducted to interrogate the related issues and evolve a response, including the potential of Industry 4.0 (4IR) technologies to contribute to an improvement in related performance. The study included members of the Association of Construction Health and Safety Management (ACHASM) who completed a self-administered questionnaire. The findings indicate: industry is still focused on the traditional parameters of cost, productivity, and time; workers are exposed to H&S and ergonomics hazards and risks; H&S- and ergonomics-related performance impact on overall project and business performance, and 4IR technologies have the potential to contribute to improving H&S- and ergonomics-related performance. Conclusions include: the construction process and its activities entail exposure to ergonomic hazards and risks; the construction process and its activities are physically demanding and militate against the health and wellbeing of workers; H&S plays a synergistic role in overall organisational and project performance, and there is a low level of awareness of the potential of 4IR technologies to improve H&S and ergonomics performance. Recommendations include: the holistic benefits arising from optimum H&S and ergonomics should be documented; designers should consider the impact of design, details, and specifications on construction H&S and ergonomics; contractors should interrogate the methods adopted to undertake construction activities to mitigate hazards and risks, and awareness with respect to the potential of 4IR technologies to contribute to improving H&S and ergonomics performance should be raised.
Expansion of the System for Collecting Information on Hospital Incidents - Aiming to revitalizing on-site management
Authors: Imura Yuriko , Okada Yusaku
Published: June 2023

In medical facilities and general hospitals, a variety of information regarding incidents in patient care is collected and analysed. However, due to the large differences in knowledge and experience of on-site risk managers, previous studies have shown several problems with the data collected. Underlying these problems is the analyst's limited knowledge of human factors, IT, and management. However, it is very difficult to give more time and cost for safety training to on-site risk managers. Therefore, in this study, we decided to organize the results of past research on human error factor analysis from the perspective of on-site management. As a result, we were able to obtain a set of elements [elements for activation of on-site activities] for improving the ability of on-site risk managers to recognize, the willingness of on-site risk managers to participate in medical safety activities, and the management level of on-site risk managers. Based on the "Elements for Activation of On-Site Activities", we developed a prototype of an incident reporting support system.
Evaluation of ergonomic needs among female sewing machine operators in garments industry of Bangladesh: a pilot study
Authors: Rafique Samia , Suleiman Jecha Jecha , Lyu Hui
Published: June 2023

The enrichment of the garments industry in Bangladesh has given employment to millions of people, especially women. With cellular manufacturing, enhanced productivity accompanies increased musculoskeletal disorders risk (Shaheen A., Mohammad Z.R, 2014). Sewing operators working posture is a vital factor related to musculoskeletal symptoms (Dianat et al., 2015). However, there is limited research on the ergonomic needs evaluation among Bangladesh female sewing machine operators.Seven female sewing machine operators in a garment manufacturing unit in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were recruited for this pilot study. A combined survey sheet was developed to record demographic information and CMDQ questionnaires. The demographics included age, weight, height, marital status, and education level. CMDQ is a survey sheet to evaluate the rating of symptoms in specific body parts (neck, shoulder, arm, upper back, lower back, leg) by multiplying the frequency, severity, and interference scores. Anthropometric measurement and sewing facilities (table and chair) dimension measurement were conducted. Subjects were interviewed about their subjective opinions on the ergonomic functions of sewing machine facilities.Participants were 31.6±8.8 years old, 56.4±8.4 kg, and 5.27±0.35ft. They are married, and their educational levels range from class 5 to 8. A typical daily work process of a female sewing machine operator in a garment manufacturing unit in Bangladesh is constantly sitting for more than 10 hours with a 1-hour lunch break. They hardly move around, only to pick up their work in the morning and submit their production to their supervisor at the end of the day. After a whole day of work, four people reported lower back pain, while three reported neck pain, 2 with leg pain, and 1 with arm pain. Lower back got the highest discomfort score (26.5), followed by neck (10), arm (7), and leg (3). The mismatch computations between body and facility dimensions showed that the current design of sewing facilities is unsuitable for female workers. The seat height is too low, and the hip width is too narrow for them. According to interviews, subjects complained about their current working chair without elbow rest which was quite uncomfortable for them to work. It could be one of the reasons that a worker is facing severe arm pain. Consistent with anthropometric measurement results, several subjects mentioned that the seat and desk height was inappropriate for them. They had to use a cushion on the seat to make them more comfortable.In conclusion, female sewing operators in Bangladesh's garment industry face a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders with mismatched facility dimensions and little consideration of their ergonomic design. A better understanding of their ergonomic needs involving sewing operations can potentially impact workers' quality of life and national productivity.
Anthropometric Evaluation of University Classroom Furniture
Authors: Altaboli Ahamed , Aliskandarani Hana , Alshaikhi Ala , Alahmar Hager , Muttardi Ruwida
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate four types of university classroom furniture. The methods of evaluation included the individual comparisons equations method and the percentile values method; both are anthropometric methods. The third method is a questionnaire-based subjective evaluation method aiming at studying students’ satisfaction. The evaluated furniture dimensions were seat height, seat depth, seat width, backrest height, desk height and underneath desk height. The measured anthropometric dimensions were stature, hip breadth, elbow rest height, shoulder height, knee height, popliteal height and buttock-popliteal length. They were collected from 80 students (half males, aged between 20 to 39 years). The individual comparisons method showed relatively lower percentages of match between the furniture dimensions and student anthropometry. While, the percentile values method showed relatively high percentages of accommodation. Results of the questionnaire showed that the majority of students were satisfied with their preferred designs.
How do the antagonistic muscles contract during modulating the output force?
Authors: Fukunaga Michihiko , Fujioka Ryoga , Kawasaki Yuta
Published: June 2023

Muscle forces or joint loads during daily living are important data for designing assistive devices or interfaces. Since it is difficult to measure them, they are usually calculated by static or dynamic simulations. However, such simulation requires some assumptions to solve the statically indeterminate problem, which is, the number of muscles is larger than the number of the static or dynamic conditions. One reason for the indetermination is the simultaneous contraction of the antagonist muscle. Antagonist muscles are considered to be exerted to increase the stiffness of the joint, however, it is not used as the condition to solve the indeterminate problem yet, because there is no quantitative evidence. We have assumed that the antagonist would contract during modulating the output force sensitively. Although we already confirmed the assumption by simulation, the experimental support to show the validation had been lacking. Therefore, we performed the experiment to confirm the assumption using the upper limb. Test subjects were asked to grasp a handle with a force sensor and push/pull it; by maximum force, about half of the maximum force, and the half force by monitoring the output of the force sensor with inputting some unpredictable external force. EMGs of the biceps and triceps brachii were measured. As a result, the antagonist was exerted only in the condition of monitoring the force to modulate the output. Our future plan is to confirm the relation between the magnitude of the antagonist exertion and the sensitivity to modulate the output force.
Factors Influencing Globalization of Logistics Management in Nigeria
Authors: Dennis Adeitan Ayodeji , Aigbavboa Clinton , Cynthia Olubiyo Oyindamola
Published: June 2023

Companies in the developed world operates easily in the global market because the factors that influence globalization of logistics management have been studied and the elements influencing globalization have made the process flexible and accommodating. But little is known about the factors that influence globalization of logistics management in Nigeria. Therefore, this study set out to determine the various factors that could influence globalization of logistics management in Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative approach through the use of a questionnaire survey carried out among selected professionals and consultants in operations, logistics and supply chain department of companies within Lagos, Nigeria. Data gathered were analysed using percentages, mean item score and factor analysis. The research instrument reliability was verified using Cronbach alpha test while the factorability of the data collected was tested using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity. The result revealed that the three cluster factors that influence globalization of logistics management in Nigeria are political, cultural, and economic which were ranked highest. The findings also revealed that all respondents have similar views on the factors that influence globalization in Nigeria. Lastly, since the respondents have agreed that the factors listed influence globalization of logistics management, it is therefore necessary for the Nigerian government and stakeholders in logistics management to look into these factors as a way of closely integrating markets, economies, societies, and ensuring more products are available to consumers universally.
A Dynamic Approach to Minimise Bottlenecks and Improve manufacturing competitiveness in a case study manufacturing Industry.
Authors: M Ikome John
Published: June 2023

Manufacturing organisations are key to the well-being of the society and the combination of competitiveness forces including modern technology adaptation is of great importance in order to obtain the goal of competitive improvement, particularly in a conflicted supply chain system during the production process, a number of manufacturing constraints were identified using the theory of constraint, namely, machine breakdown,employees absenteeism and power failure
sWafety: A Complementary Low-threshold Safety Management Process
Authors: Schenkel Sandra , Medici Guri , Staender Sven , Waefler Toni
Published: June 2023

Effective safety management requires a reliable information basis. At the same time, established safety management systems (SMS) and surveys are known to have certain limitations, such as low participation rates or data bias due to the influence of situational factors (e.g., Pfeiffer, Manser & Wehner, 2010; Sujan, 2015). In collaboration with Swiss companies from the aviation, nuclear and healthcare industries, sWafety was developed and tested as a complementary process concept to address these shortcomings. sWafety provides a low-threshold process design and digital tool that aims to further engage and motivate employees to participate in data collection, analysis, and feedback to further improve data quality.This paper describes the design of the sWafety process, which is based on a user-centered approach as well as insights from motivation theory, gamification, and practical expertise. Key process elements are presented that support motivated employee participation through short survey cycles, low respondent burden, direct feedback processes and active user involvement in data interpretation and safety measure development. Based on a use case with a Swiss hospital, a minimum viable app-prototype was applied to test the extent to which key process elements can be transferred to operational practice and how they are evaluated by users. An eight-day application scenario of sWafety was conducted with a team of anesthesia professionals (n = 7). Prototyped process elements included daily app-based data collection and alternating feedback presentation. A formative evaluation was conducted by means of a workshop.The results of a qualitative content analysis indicate that the key process elements are transferable to operational practice. Concisely worded questions, tasks, or feedback that encourage reflection and learning, were found to be more motivating than gamification. Timely feedback, particularly on work-related information, and full transparency regarding the purposes and outcomes of the surveys also appear to be very important factors motivating participation in providing safety-related data. However, users called for more opportunities to provide bottom-up information and a more active role in discussing findings and developing safety measures.Effective implementation of sWafety into operational practice requires that the general process design is adapted to a company’s specifics. Particular attention should be paid to how local, decentralized processes can be implemented to enable timely feedback and appropriate employee involvement in discussing results and developing safety measures. Regarding low-threshold process design, the results imply that elements which trigger intrinsic motivation (e.g., learning or reflection) should be preferred over gamification. Also, further development of technical solutions for flexible interaction with the app and for data analysis can further increase the potential of sWafety.
On the Development of Protective Devices for Bending Press
Authors: Dung Ngô Ahn , Venditti Tony , Tran Nguyen Duy Phuong
Published: June 2023

Brake presses are machines which are widely found in the manufacturing industry. They enable metal sheets and plates to be bent in multiple ways so as to shape a wide variety of parts. The very principle by which these machines function creates a pinch and crushing zone for operators notably as far as their hands and fingers are concerned. This paper recounts research projects conducted in the last 30 years at École de Technologie Supérieure (ETS). Historically, the first publication described the state of the situation in the 1990s in terms of safety of brake presses found in the transport equipment and machine manufacturing industry in Quebec. It was found that a small percentage of the brake presses surveyed were properly equipped with adequate safety devices. The research report showed a number of problematic situations arising in industry such as complex shapes (for example, cones, tubes, boxes with multiples bends) which render use of protective devices available at the time difficult and even unfeasible. To address the issue of the low prevalence of protective devices on brake presses, a study on the feasibility and applicability of light curtains on these machines was conducted. It was shown that the mode of operation of the light curtain as well as the geometry of the work-pieces were crucial factors which determined the feasibility of light curtains as effective protective devices on brake presses. Difficulties in using these devices in certain cases were uncovered. To alleviate these difficulties, a further research project sought to develop more flexible protective device on brake press. The concept was based on computer vision. A bracelet was to be worn by the operator. A system of cameras captured images of the operator’s hands and a computer algorithm calculated in real time the position of the hand with respect to a defined hazard zone. From the risk assessment and reduction viewpoint, a risk evaluation methodology based on fuzzy numbers was developed to address the issue of lack of reliability both machine and human-related in assessing probability of occurrence of hazardous events. A risk reduction methodology was also proposed helping to identify action priorities in an analytical way.
Exposure to non–ionizing radiation of solar origin: Measurements in Patagonia
Authors: Dominguez Rodrigo , Toro Joan , Calderón Enrique , Amaro Sebastian , Acuña Claudio
Published: June 2023

This article aim is to measure the exposure to non-ionic radiation of solar origin in Patagonia, in order to provide information that to date almost does not exist and serve as a basis for future research on the subject. The measurements were made in the XI Region Aysén , Chile; more specifically in the town of Chile Chico. A UVR meter was used. The measurements were made during the months of September and October, the measures were made each day, with 1-hour intervals. The data were compiled and tabulated to be later analyzed and presented in this study. The URV averages are presented considering those days with the highest temperatures and the general average for the months of September and October. The highest measurement obtained was 3,7 mW/cm^2 and it was at 12 p.m. on October 10. The highest measurements were recorded between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., which is consistent with studies conducted on the subject. The Sun safety at work questionnaire, Solar UV Radiation Risk Assessment for Outdoor Workers: Operational review, was also applied to workers in the area, managing to evaluate 4 jobs positions, three of these job positions received an overall medium risk level and the fourth received a high risk level. Further studies are needed in Patagonia in order to establish more precise standards to reduce the risks associated with exposure to non-ionizing radiation of solar origin.
Globalisation, cultural pluralism - on the need for (meta)analytical assumptions of career theory for cross-cultural career counseling practice
Authors: Cybal-Michalska Agnieszka
Published: June 2023

The qualitative aspects of the evolution of relations between globality and locality, society and the individual, and their links, are not without consequence for the multicontextual changes in the labour market, which present new challenges to employees. This vision implies completely new ways of interpreting the world in which “a career makes a career” – they are problems of „a borderless career”, „a varied career”, „a post-corporate career” as a novum, of sorts, in the planning of a broadly understood career, the rise in importance of having a career and the ability to plan, manage and monitor one’s own career in the perspective of one’s whole life.The consideration discusses the need for (meta)analytical career theory assumptions for the practice of cross-cultural career counseling. The author emphasizes that there is a need to generate new approaches, which will cross the boundaries defined by partial paradigms so that they will be relevant in the 21st century. Moreover, she raises the question of how to "manage" the rich heritage of career theories of the late 20th century, while at the same time increasing their theoretical-cognitive value. Another aspect that justifies the need for critical reflection on the reliability of theoretical perspectives is the study of methodological instrumentation that takes into account culturally shaded social and professional aspects. A special place is given to the constructivist school of thought and theory of career construction by Mark L. Savickas, which is said to focus on the nature of the social world and refer to the domain of life involving career and its proactive construction, by simultaneously presenting a new perspective on the participation in the global changes. Changes in the world of “borderless” careers shine a new light on the problem of individual proactivity – an individual’s proactive behaviours in their career.
Interaction between Ethnic Culture and Village Abandonment: A Case Study of Li County
Authors: Liu Peng
Published: June 2023

The phenomenon of vacant and abandoned villages is happening all over the world. With the urbanization and non-agriculturalization of the population, a large number of people have left their homes empty, and the village space and architectural art have gradually disappeared. These villages are not only important manifestations of traditional architecture and social organization, but also play a crucial role in the maintenance and inheritance of ethnic cultures, and need to be protected. Among them, the degree of abandonment of villages in ethnic minority areas is deeper, and the salvage and protection of their culture is more urgent. This study takes Li County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China as an example, collects data on 219 village groups through field investigations, and analyzes the interaction between village abandonment and cultural structure. The result shows that the abandonment of villages in this area is influenced by factors such as environment, economy, and culture. Analysis of the entire sample shows that villages with steep terrain and lagging agricultural economic development have higher degrees of abandonment. Tibetan villages are located in mountainous areas with relatively low terrain fluctuations and better natural resources, while Qiang villages have higher terrain fluctuations and more precarious locations. However, the degree of abandonment in Tibetan villages is more serious, which is related to cultural beliefs. Tibetan and Qiang cultures have the same origin but different ethnic beliefs. Tibetan faith worships idols, while Qiang faith worships nature. This indicates that the Qiang people have a heavier reliance on the natural environment of their hometown than the Tibetans.
Improving cost modelling of residential property replacement costs for short-term insurance purposes: A South African Perspective
Authors: Pieterse Inge
Published: June 2023

The residential property market in South Africa has an extraordinarily high number of first-time homeowners. Cost information assistance available to the South African public consists of crude cost models to be found on individual short-term insurers’ websites. The financial cost to obtain an accurate replacement cost estimate from a professional built environment cost advisor outweighs the perceived risk of insuring a residential property for an accurate replacement cost. The need for an alternative cost model that could deliver more accurate replacement costs without employing the onerous cost-estimating techniques as employed in the quantity surveying practice within a short time is apparent. This research aims to develop an alternative approach to building cost modelling for insurance purposes. The building cost model developed, other than that commonly used in the marketplace, is premised on the case-based reasoning (CBR) technique. The four stages of retrieving, reusing, revising and retaining cases are performed. The retrieving incorporates the k-nearest neighbour (kNN) machine learning algorithm to retrieve comparable cost data from a database of residential properties. The database employs the most accurate cost model used in quantity surveying practice and is structured according to recognised building elements. The reusing and revising of the cases are based on specific building features to suit a particular residential property and are performed by applying a mathematical model.The outcome suggests that 75% of predicted replacement costs fall within the acceptable 5% accuracy level of the actual replacement costs, indicating significantly improved replacement cost estimates as the dataset represents costs based on the most accurate cost model used in practice. The study’s findings are important for the South African insurance industry and the built environment as it implies the possibility of providing more accurate insurance values that could curb underinsurance and possible financial setbacks to insureds in future. The findings will also add to the existing generic knowledge on building cost modelling for purposes other than insurance.
Ethical elements influencing leadership development in the South African Construction industry: A Delphi study
Authors: Liphadzi M , Aigbavboa Clinton
Published: June 2023

This study aims to establish whether different ethical elements impact leadership development in the South African construction industry (SACI). This Delphi study revealed 16 moral elements that affect leadership development in the construction industry. All sixteen ethical elements recorded high Impact (HI:7.00-8.99) on leadership development in the South African construction industry. The study established that ethical elements that impact the SACI include adhering to organizational ethical values, developing the right moral identity, developing accountability features, and speaking out when something is morally wrong. These ethical elements are similar to those of other industries. It is recommended that leaders in the SACI should cultivate the right conduct in adhering to procedures and policies. This study informs industry stakeholders of the relevant ethical elements that impact leadership development in the South African construction industry.
Unearthing the outcome of construction digitalisation – a South African perspective
Authors: Aghimien Douglas , Aigbavboa Clinton , Oke Ayodeji , Taki Ahmad
Published: June 2023

For most construction organisations in developing countries like South Africa, embracing digitalisation is constrained by the absence of evidence pointing to the outcome features of using digital technologies. This study, therefore, set out to unearth the potential outcomes of construction digitalisation by drawing from the perspective of construction professionals in diverse construction-related organisations across South Africa. The study adopted a post-positivism philosophical stance using quantitative research conducted through a questionnaire survey. Data were analysed using mean item score, Kruskal-Wallis H-Test and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). With good internal consistency, construct validity, and acceptable fit indices, CFA confirmed that an organisation's ability to deliver projects within the agreed schedule, quality and cost is improved with digitalisation, with better digital uptake and transformation achieved in the process. This implies that for a construction industry like South Africa, characterised by poor project performance due to the slow adoption of technological advancement, embracing construction digitalisation is a must in this current era of the fourth industrial revolution.
Principal Component Analysis of Factors Affecting Construction Project Transaction Costs in Developing Economies
Authors: Ikuabe Matthew , Aigbavboa Clinton , Oke Ayodeji
Published: June 2023

The delivery of any construction project is the outcome of economic exchange, usually involving multiple actors. This economic exchange is attributed to costs other than the traditional cost elements of project delivery and is referred to as transaction costs. Optimizing construction transaction costs is a vital constituent in the deliberations of project success, especially from the project client’s perspective. On this basis, this study evaluates the factors affecting construction project transaction costs in the Nigerian construction industry. A questionnaire survey was used in collecting data from the target respondents, while the retrieved data was analyzed with exploratory factor analysis. Findings showed that four constructs critically influence transaction cost in construction project delivery: the client’s behavioral traits, project characteristics, managerial skills, and contractor's behavioral traits. The study’s findings make theoretical contributions to the literature on improving construction project delivery by unraveling the influential factors to transaction costs.
New human engagement-first governance approach in craft startups
Authors: Sawatani Yuriko , Kanai Nobuo
Published: June 2023

The research finds a new relationship with customers through crowdfunding in the case of BrewDog, a craft startup. Originally, the concept of craft was regarded as a primitive form of manufacturing that was passing away. However, the Arts and Crafts Movement, started by Morris and others (1892) against the Industrial Revolution, was an attempt to rediscover the potential of human beings themselves. By rethinking the purpose of life as an anti-capitalist movement and analyzing craft startups, where symbolism, aesthetic qualities, and entrepreneurial identity are important elements, we found a customer profile as a future-creating partner that transcends the traditional relationship enabled by the crowdfunding mechanism.
Knowledge Structuring by discussing purposes of each action in Procedure-based Knowledge Graph
Authors: Ijuin Koki , Nishimura Takuichi
Published: June 2023

The need to acquire knowledge at the manufacturing industry and service site are growing due to the aging society and the experts are retiring from employment. This may cause the loss of knowledge, so the need for assist collecting and maintaining expert knowledge.There are several trials to share the knowledge with work manual or instructions, although the knowledge of the experts such as purpose or decision-making rules of experts are still not obtained.We proposed a new method of collecting and articulating that knowledge using two separated knowledge graphs, procedure-based and purpose-oriented knowledge graphs.This method was aimed to link the multiple purposes to a single action node in procedure-based knowledge graph through the workshop.In this study, we proposed a method of expressing and structuring the purpose of actions in the work procedure. The first step is to structure the work procedure from the existing manual and other sources, and build up the work procedure knowledge.In this step, the purpose of an action in the procedure is considered and structured to build purpose-oriented knowledge. This step is done for all work procedures, and each purpose-oriented knowledge is fused.After that, look back on multiple tasks on a purpose-based basis and deepen a common understanding.After conducting a knowledge structuring workshop using the proposed method, we collected the questionnaires from the workers to evaluate the utility of the method and the knowledge.As a result, it was possible to construct work procedures and purpose-oriented knowledge, and to express and structure the purposes that the field members felt meaningful which they felt the importance from purpose-oriented knowledge.
Digital Transformation Classification Types and Evolution Process for Established Companies
Authors: Okuda Satoshi , Uchihira Naoshi
Published: June 2023

This paper propose that digital transformation (DX) can be classified into three types: DX1.0, DX2.0, and DX3.0. DX1.0 is defined as “institutional optimization”, where internal data is integrated across the company divisions. DX2.0 represents “value chain optimization” where the number of actors such as partners and supplier’s increased, optimization is achieved in providing value to the end users. DX3.0 represents “new business value creation” where new value is created through new business models (for example, servitization, and platform business). This paper further clarifies the method used by companies for updating their business models by utilizing the data, working with other actors, and defining digital transformation classification types and the evolution processes. Digital transformation classification types evolve incrementally when their operation and systems are based on data-centric.