bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF FILES IN STL FORMAT AS THE BASIS OF MODELING FOR 3D PRINTING OF BUILDING OBJECTS
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Husiev Vitalii , Nikiforova Tatiana ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2024

The integration of advanced technologies in the field of software at the stages of construction becomes one of the key tasks of designers. Creating objects using 3D printing requires the use of appropriate high-tech solutions. One of these solutions consists in the analysis of the process of converting three-dimensional models into a control code for 3D printers, in particular, the analysis of files in STL format. The efficiency of manufacturing construction structures and structures by 3D printing depends primarily on this analysis. This study aims at an in-depth analysis of STL files in light of the growth of additive manufacturing and the advancement of digital technologies in the construction industry. The purpose of the work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic information related to the use of this format, including methods for calculating the area and volume of the STL grid. Identification and analysis of typical errors that mayoccur when working with files of this format and definition of key criteria for evaluating the geometric quality of the grid. Consideration of strategies and alternative approaches to overcome possible drawbacks that may arise when using the STL format. Creation of a comprehensive view of this format and provision of appropriate recommendations for further improve-ment of the processes of working with it. The study of STL files plays an important role in the development of additive manufacturing and digital technologies in the construction industry. This study aims to provide a detailed overview of the basic information related to the use of this format, including methods for calculating the area and volume of an STL mesh, which are crucial for efficient modelling and production of structures. During the research,a number of errors were identified and key criteria for assessing the geometric quality of the grid were determined. This includes correctly orienting normals, detecting and correcting overlaps, intersections, and isolated faces. For further research, it is proposed to consider alternative options for overcoming some of the shortcomings of the STL format. For example, you can consider automated methods of detecting and correcting errors in the network, devel-oping new file formats with greater functionalityand support for additional model properties. Investigating such alternatives can help improve the efficiency and accuracy of file use in construction and additive manufacturing
Developing and Expanding Trade by the Portuguese in China in the 16th – 18th Centuries
Authors: Truong Anh Thuan , Nguyen Thi Vinh Linh
Published: May 2024

This article clarifies the process of establishing and expanding the commercial power of Portugal in China in the 16th, 17thand 18thcenturies. In the second half of the 16thcentury, through various means, the Portuguese gradually “legalized” their existence and established a highly autonomous government in Macao. The Portuguese Crown expected to build a fortified base as a springboard to realize their plan in developing an exclusive trade network in mainland China and Japan as well as the other countries in Southeast Asia and South Asia in the 17thand 18thcenturies. To study this issue, the authors mainly rely on original materials and academic achievements by Chinese and international scholars that are directly or indirectly related to the content of the article. At the same time, the authors use two main research methods of Historical Science (historical method and logical method) with other research methods (analysis, synthesis, statistics, and comparison). This research will make a specific contribution in recreating the overall picture of Portuguese commercial activities in Asia in general and China in particular from the 16thto the 18thcenturies.
“Confucius Institute” at Novosibirsk State University: Teaching Chinese Today
Authors: Azarenko I. A. , Xinhui Bi
Published: May 2024

In 2023, the number of native Chinese language teachers at Novosibirsk State University and its partner universities in the Confucius Institute project returned to pre-pandemic levels, and the scale of educational activities and related projects such as a summer language camp in China were restored. The article discusses issues of staffing and measures in the field of improving the professional level of teachers, features of teaching Chinese language (ways of involving Chinese teachers in vocational, secondary and additional education programs, models of interaction between Chinese and Russian teachers such as joint classes, independent classes with separate presentation of different types of educational material within one course or teaching certain aspects of the Chinese language). The activities of the Confucius Institute in the field of holding competitions in the Chinese language and the results of students’ participation in competitions of various levels are also shown. Stimulating the competitive activity of students, according to the authors, is an important additional condition for the development of their language skills and achievements in competitions which indicate a high level of language training provided by the Confucius Institute centre.
Bronze Anthropomorphic Figurines from the Sacrificial Pits of Sanxingdui
Authors: Varenov A. V.
Published: May 2024

This work gives a description of bronze figurines from the second sacrificial pit of Sanxingdui and their classification according to the affinity to different categories of ritual bronzes whose details they initially were. The classification helped to attribute small anthropomorphic images to one of the, earlier isolated by the author, stages of the technological evolution of Sanxingdui art of bronze casting from the JK2 sacrificial pit. Therefore, the chronologically meaningful typology of bronze figurines from the second sacrificial pit was constructed. As a result, the following groups of figurines were isolated: 1) figurines sitting at the roots of the “spirit trees”, 2) figurines that were details of the so-called “sacred altar” (“altar of spirits”), 3) figurines holding two-horned flat sceptres in their hands, 4) figurines kneeling on pedestals. Figurines sitting at the roots of the “spirit trees” belong to the first and second stages of the technological evolution of bronzes from the JK2 sacrificial pit. The sets of three figurines sitting at the roots of the “spirit trees” no. 2 and no. 3 represent in each case only one personage, so it can be seen from every side of the tree. All the figurines from the “sacred altar” must be dated to the third stage of the technological evolution of bronzes from JK2 like the artifact being discussed. Analogies to figurines from the “sacred altar” can be found among jades from the urn burials of Xiaojiawuji cemetery belonging to the late Neolithic Shijiahe culture of Hubei province. Bronze figurines also give an opportunity to reconstruct garments of the ancient inhabitants of Sanxingdui.
A New Example of Early Medieval Multiculturalism: The Tomb of Qu Qing and His Wife in Anyang
Authors: Kudinova M. A.
Published: May 2024

The materials of a new burial complex in Anyang (Henan Province, China) combining features of the tombs of Northern Qi and Sui, and of the “Sogdian” tombs of the 6th century AD are presented. From the text of the epitaph placed in the burial chamber it is known that aristocrat Qu Qing and his wife Lady Han were buried there. Qu Qing was the grandson of Qu Jia, the founder of one of the ruling dynasties of the Gaochang Kingdom. His wife came from a noble family, possibly with Wuhuan roots. The set of stone items, including door leaves, an engraved panel above them, an engraved screen, and a burial bed decorated with engravings, reliefs and paintings, serves as a valuable source of information about the heterogeneous culture of Early Medieval China. The images on the door and the panel above it are similar in content and style to the murals of the Northern Qi tombs. The plots of the compositions on both sides of the stone screen came from early collections of xiaoshuo prose, that can be classified as zhiguai xiaoshuo (“tales of the miraculous”). The stone bed is similar in design and partly in decorative motifs to the objects from the “Sogdian” burials of the Northern dynasties and Sui. The tomb demonstrates an example of adaptation and transformation of borrowed elements of funeral rites under the influence of Han culture. The combination of Confucian, Taoist, Buddhist and Zoroastrian images and motifs reflects the situation of religious syncretism typical of the early Middle Ages.
INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRY OF CABLE INTERCONNECTIONS OF COMPLEX CONFIGURATIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY IN THE FIELD MOBILE HF COMMUNICATION COMPLEXES
Authors:   Omsk Scientific-Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Omsk, Russia, Klimenko Т. В.
Published: May 2024

The influence of geometric parameters (distances between cables, bend radii of cables) of sections of cable connections of more complex configurations: bends of cable route, branches from the route, on the values of induced interference is considered. The dependences of the values of parasitic inductance and induced capacity on the values of bending radii and distance between conductors for configurations of cable route for magnetic and electric fields are given.
FEATURES OF THE STUDY OF DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF SIDE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF BROADBAND SIGNALS ON THE EXAMPLE OF DISPLAYPORT INTERFACE
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Ivanov A.V. , Kopylova S. R. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the technical channel of information leakage due to the side electromagnetic radiation of broadband signals on the example of DisplayPort interface. The peculiarities of detection and measurement of side electromagnetic radiation of broadband signals of modern digital interface - DisplayPort are briefly outlined. The architecture of DisplayPort interface is considered and its peculiarities are revealed. The laboratory stand with the help of which practical research on detection and measurement of side electromagnetic radiation of broadband signals on the example of DisplayPort interface is described in detail. According to the results of measurements the conclusion is made about the correctness of the DisplayPort interface research assumptions.
PROTECTION AGAINST PRETEXTING-TYPE SOCIAL ENGINEERING ATTACKS BY MEANS OF A SPEECH PATTERN DETECTION SYSTEM
Authors:   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology,  Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Khamdamova L. K.
Published: May 2024

Social engineering is one of the main threats to information security, since it is aimed at human consciousness. In order to protect against pretexting-type social engineering attacks, this article discusses a system for detecting speech patterns through contextual analysis. The scope of application of the developed program can be government organizations, as well as small and medium-sized businesses.
DISTRIBUTED SENSING OF FIBER-OPTIC COMMUNICATION LINES USING BRILLOUIN SCATTERING
Authors:   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Novosibirsk, Russia, Gorlov N. I. , Bogachkov I. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The report discusses the main aspects of distributed sensing of fiber-optic communication lines using Brillouin scattering. The results of the study of the main functional capabilities of the method of coherent reflectometry and the method of counter propagating waves are presented. Special attention is paid to the principles of construction of reflectometric systems and the analysis of requirements for optical radiation sources. In conclusion, the main problems and prospects of practical implementation of the investigated method in the practice of monitoring fiber-optic communication lines are formulated
Assessment of verbal (conventional) training versus models training for head frame fixation in neurosurgery
Authors: Agrawal Mohit , Katiyar Varidh , Sharma Raghavendra Kumar , Janu Vikas , Totala Pankaj , Jha Ashutosh , Bhaskar Suryanarayanan , Ghatak Surajit , Jha Deepak Kumar
Published: May 2024

Cranial immobilization is an essential first step in cranial surgeries. Complications related to head fixation frames are under-reported and given less importance during training. Authors report their experience of using verbal (Conventional) training and training by models of “head fixation frame” and “wooden head” for head frame application for cranial surgeries. Models of the “Head Fixation Frame” (Mayfield clamp) and “wooden human head” were made using metal (iron) and wood, respectively. Major craniometric landmarks and dural venous sinuses were marked on the head model. A total of 15 trainee residents of >18 months (Group A, n = 4), < 18 months (Group B, n = 5), and without neurosurgical training (Group C, n = 6) were assessed for head frame application on human cadaver heads after verbal (conventional) training (n = 8) and training on models (n = 7). Various parameters, such as time taken for pin application, selection of pin site, and quadrants, were evaluated for adequacy of pin placements and position of head. Both methods were compared for assessment of better training method. Model training for head frame fixation was found better with regard to all aspects out of which time for positioning the head and for pin application, selection of quadrants of the head, site for pin insertions, and need of intervention by faculty were significant. Training on models of “head fixation frame” and “head” is better than conventional training. It is simple and safe and will prevent pin-related complications.
ТHE SOURCES OF M. O. MENSHIKOV’S RELIGIOUS CRISIS IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR INFLUENCE ON HIS CREATIVE ACTIVITY (based on the early diaries)
Authors: Orlov Andrey S. , Pozdnyakov Alexey V.
Published: May 2024

In the article, the authors analyse the formation of the worldview of the pre-revolutionary publicist M. O. Menshikov in his youth. Family upbringing, years of apprenticeship, and the early stage of his creative development were considered. The early diary entries in which young Menshikov expresses his views on God, religion, scientific knowledge and other ideological problems were carefully studied. As a result, the research establishes the origins and ideological principles that were formed in Menshikov’s youth and influenced his religious instability and socio-political ideas.
FEATURES OF INTERPRETATION OF S. RACHMANINOV’S WORKS BY CHINESE PIANISTS
Authors: Davydova Svetlana A. , Yihen Li
Published: May 2024

It is still not easy for Chinese performers to find the key to understanding and embodying the content of the works of the great Russian composer S. Rachmaninov, despite more than a century of spread and influence of the Russian school of pianism in China. The reason lies in the deep differences in psychological, cultural, philosophical and social aspects, historically determined by the centuries-old isolation of the cultures of the East from the West. The role of religion in the life of Chinese society, an individual and the culture of the people as a whole should also be noted. Therefore, the problems of performing interpretation are so relevant today in China and are awaiting their solution. The article outlines the ways of performing interpretation of S. Rachmaninov’s piano works based on the listening, analytical and psychological approaches, and also provides examples of successful interpretations of his works by Chinese performers.
Constructing Amine Functionality from N2 via an Iron Nitride-Mediated Chemical Looping Pathway
Authors: Li Haoyue , Wang Tie , Wang Shifu , Li Xuning , Huang Yanqiang , Yan Ning
Published: May 2024

Amines are commonly synthesized through the amination of organooxygenates using ammonia, frequently involving the use of noble metal catalysts. In this study, we first present an alternative route to make amines using iron nitride (Fe2.5N) as the nitrogen source. Without any additional catalyst, Fe2.5N reacts with a range of alcohols at 250 °C under 1 or 10 bar H2 to produce amines as major products. Mechanistic investigations indicate that hydrogen activates the nitrogen species within iron nitride, converting them into surface NH and NH2 groups that then react with alcohols to form amines. Building on this foundation, we further demonstrated an iron nitride-mediated chemical looping pathway that utilizes N2 as the nitrogen source to synthesize octylamines. In this process, N2 first reacts with iron to form FexN, which subsequently reacts with alcohols to yield amines, transferring over 80% of the nitrogen to organic compounds. This looping process remained stable across four cycles.
Magnetite Nanodiscs as Vortex-Enhanced MRI Contrast Agents: A Novel Approach in Medical Imaging
Authors: Koçar Elif , Di Gregurio Enza , Nizami Bila , Duran Toro Vicente , Ali Uzair , Signorelli Lorenzo , Giannattasio Teresa , Wasner Franziska , Stein Rene , Tietze Rainer , Sorrentino Marianna , Corrado Alessia , Conti Allegra , Toschi Nicola , Ferrauto Giuseppe , Gregurec Danijela
Published: May 2024

Magnetic nanoparticles can serve as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to enhance sensitivity and improve imaging contrast. This study investigated anisotropic magnetite nanodiscs (MNDs) with vortex magnetization, which exhibit high saturation magnetization and low magnetocrystalline anisotropy. These properties contribute to the minimization of magnetostatic energy. The vortex magnetization grants these particles, which are over 100 nm in diameter, a zero net magnetization, thereby inducing superparamagnetic-like behavior. Due to these distinctive characteristics, MNDs have been explored as novel contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. The study demonstrated their ability to enhance transverse relaxation at 7 T and to act as T1 contrast agents at very low magnetic fields. Additionally, MNDs strongly influence the magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) of immobilized water present in biological specimens and tissues, enabling them to function as multimodal MRI contrast agents that not only work as relaxation-based contrast agents but also modify tissue MTC.
Effects of Functionalization on Photo-Actuatable Octa(dimethylsiloxy)silsesquioxane-Azobenzene Network Gels and their Substance Loading and Unloading Efficiencies
Authors: Sims Cory , Chandler Ethan , Espitia Armenta Herenia , Hu Nai-hsuan , Furgal Joseph
Published: May 2024

The synthesis, analysis, and effect on solvent uptake of styrene, alcohol, amino, and perfluoro functionalized silsesquioxane-azobenzene hybrid gels are discussed. 4,4’-diallyloxyazobenzene and octa(dimethylsiloxy)silsesquioxane (Q8M8H) gels are generated using hydrosilylation chemistry. These gels were modified through two routes: in-situ and post-synthesis modification, depending on the compatibility of the modifiers. The dynamic gel systems react to visible and UV light to expand and contract, giving them sponge-like properties. The effects on their solvent uptake load and preference for various solvents/pollutants are detailed below, and general characteristics are illustrated through FTIR, TGA, and SEM imaging. We find that selectivity for certain substances can be obtained but at the cost of total absorptivity of the gel systems.
Structural Heterogeneity of the Humanised IgGk NIST Monoclonal Antibody Probed by Tandem-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Mobility-Resolved Collision-induced Unfolding.
Authors: Liu Fanny C. , Lee Jusung , Pedrete Thais , Panczyk Erin M. , Pengelley Stuart , Bleiholder Christian
Published: May 2024

Investigating the structural heterogeneity of monoclonal antibodies is crucial to achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. We show that tandem-trapped ion mobility spectrometry enables collision-induced unfolding measurements of antibody subpopulations. Our data suggest that such non-ensemble measurements will improve the structural characterisation of complex biotherapeutics such as multivalent antibodies.
Pinpointing the Location of the Elusive Liquid-Liquid Critical Point in Water
Authors: Sciortino Francesco , Zhai Yaoguang , Bore Sigbjørn L. , Paesani Francesco
Published: May 2024

The fascinating hypothesis that supercooled water may segregate into two distinct liquid phases, each with unique structures and densities, was first posited in a seminal study by Poole et al. in 1992. This idea, initially based on numerical analyses with the ST2 water-like empirical potential, challenged conventional understanding of water’s phase behavior at the time and has since intrigued the scientific community. Over the past three decades, advancements in computational modeling – particularly through the advent of data-driven many-body potentials rigorously derived from “first principles” and augmented by the efficiency of neural networks – have significantly enhanced the accuracy of molecular simulations, enabling the exploration of the phase behavior of water with unprecedented realism. Our study leverages these computational advances to probe the elusive liquid-liquid transition in supercooled water. For the first time, microsecond-long simulations with chemical accuracy, conducted over several years, provide compelling evidence that water indeed exists in two discernibly distinct liquid states at low temperature and high pressure. By pinpointing a realistic estimate for the location of the liquid-liquid critical point, our study not only advances current understanding of water’s anomalous behavior but also establishes a basis for experimental validation. Importantly, our simulations indicate that the liquid-liquid critical point falls within temperature and pressure ranges that could potentially be experimentally probed in water nanodroplets, opening the possibility for direct measurements.
Molecularly-Engineered Kirigami Responses to External Stimuli
Authors: Nam Joohan , Jin Eunji , Abylgazina Leila , Getzschmann Jürgen , Xue Wenlong , Lee Hong Kyu , Oh Hyunchul , Moon Hoi Ri , Henke Sebastian , Schneemann Andreas , Choe Wonyoung
Published: May 2024

Paper craft, including origami and kirigami, has become a cross-cutting theme from art to industry. Kirigami-inspired design principles allow the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) mechanical linkages with unprecedented mechanical properties. Herein, we report a crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) displaying folding mechanics based on a kirigami tessellation. Pressure- and guest-induced responses demonstrate the kirigami mechanism of the ZIF, wherein imidazolate linkers act as hinges. This discovery of the concealed kirigami tessellation inside a flexible ZIF reveals foldable mechanics at the molecular level.
NGT: Generative AI with Synthesizability Guarantees Identifies Potent Inhibitors for a G-protein Associated Melanocortin Receptor in a Tera-scale vHTS Screen
Authors: de Oliveira Saulo , Pedawi Aryan , Kenyon Victor , van den Bedem Henry
Published: May 2024

Commercially available, synthesis-on-demand virtual libraries contain upwards of trillions of readily synthesizable compounds for drug discovery campaigns. These libraries are a critical resource for rapid cycles of in silico discovery, property optimization and in vitro validation. However, as these libraries continue to grow exponentially in size, traditional search strategies that scale linearly with the number of compounds encounter significant limitations. Here we present NeuralGenThesis (NGT), an efficient reinforcement learning approach to retrieving compounds from ultra-large libraries that satisfy a set of user-specified constraints. Our method first trains a generative model over a virtual library and subsequently trains a normalizing flow to learn a distribution over latent space that decodes constraint-satisfying compounds. NGT allows multiple constraints without dictating how molecular properties are calculated, enabling versatile searches within virtual libraries. When NGT learned a policy reporting on compound bioactivity for the melanocortin-2 receptor (MC2R) it identified potent and selective inhibitors in a three trillion compound library. NGT offers a powerful and scalable solution for navigating ultra-large virtual libraries, accelerating drug discovery efforts.
Cloning instruments, model maintenance and calibration transfer
Authors: Roger Jean-Michel , Fonseca-Diaz Valeria , Nikzad-Langerodi Ramin
Published: May 2024

Most literature on the application of Non-Destructive Spectral Sensors (NDSS) reports proofs of concept limited to model calculation (calibration) and its application on a so-called independent data set (validation, or test). However, developing NDSS also requires proving that the performance obtained during this first validation remains valid when conditions change. This generic problem is referred to as robustness in chemometrics. When the measurement conditions change, the measured spectrum is subject to a deviation. The reproducibility of the model, and thus of the sensor, with respect to this deviation, defines its robustness. The application of NDSS involves a large number of processes, and thus deviation sources. Instrument cloning, between laboratory instruments or from a benchtop to an online device, is certainly the most concerning issue for deploying NDSS-based applications. This problem has been studied for many years in chemometrics, under the paradigm of calibration transfer, through geometric corrections of spectra, spectral spaces, or calibration model corrections. The same problem has been addressed in the machine learning community under the domain adaptation paradigm. Although all these issues have been addressed separately over the last twenty years, they all fall under the same topic, i.e., model maintenance under dataset shift. This paper aims to provide a vocabulary of concepts for formalizing the calibration model maintenance problem, reviewing recent developments on the subject, and categorizing prior work according to the proposed concepts.
Photochemical Mechanisms in Atmospherically-Relevant Iodine Oxide Clusters
Authors: Frederiks Nicoline , Johnson Christopher
Published: May 2024

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) events can be driven by iodine oxides or oxoacids via both neutral and ionic mechanisms. Photolysis of new particles likely plays a significant role in their growth mechanisms, but their spectra and their photolysis mechanisms remain difficult to characterize. We recorded UV photodissociation spectra of (I2O5)0-3(IO3-) clusters, observing O atom, I2O4, and (I2O5)1,2 fragments in the atmospherically-relevant range 300-340 nm. With increasing cluster size, absorption red shifts and generally increases in intensity, suggesting particles photolyze more frequently as they grow. Estimates of the rates indicate that even relatively small clusters are likely to undergo photolysis in ambient conditions. Vibrational spectra identify the covalent moiety I3O8- as the likely chromophore, not IO3-. The (I2O5)-loss pathway competes with particle growth while the slower O loss pathway likely produces triplet O + triplet cluster products that could drive subsequent intra-particle chemistry, particularly with co-adsorbed organic or amine species.
Anoxic photolysis as a Route to Primary Metabolites on Early Earth
Authors: Taran Olga , Unal Baris
Published: May 2024

Despite many years of research, results from prebiotic chemistry experiments—where biologically relevant compounds are formed from simple monomers such as cyanate, CO2, or formaldehyde— still yield complex mixtures with only trace amounts of the molecules of interest. The prevailing idea that life originated from a sequence of chemical reactions, starting from very simple active molecules and evolving into progressively more complex systems, might be incorrect for two reasons: First, after 70 years of experiments, we still lack robust experimental demonstration of such networks; second, small reactive molecules typically do not exist in high concentrations and readily react to form tars and other complex mixtures. Here I adopt an alternative approach, demonstrating that numerous primary metabolites can be derived from tar-like mixtures through the Advanced Reduction Process (ARP). Tars are formed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are widespread in the Universe and likely were the main source of organic carbon on early Earth. Under conditions thought to exist on the prebiotic Earth—characterized by sunlight, an anoxic sulfur-rich atmosphere, and iron-rich dust - PAH suspensions in water are decomposed to succinic, lactic, malonic, and glycolic acids, all known as primary metabolites in all living systems and main components of ubiquitous citric acid cycle. The sum of reaction yields for these biologically important metabolites reaches up to 40%, with individual product yields ranging from 1-15%. The simplicity of this reaction and the ubiquity of PAHs on prebiotic Earth make this process particularly appealing, suggesting it could have occurred on a vast scale on sunlit planetary surfaces. These findings may reveal an overlooked initial step in the origin of life on Earth, and potentially elsewhere in the Universe.
Stoichiometric constraints for detection of EV-borne biomarkers in blood
Authors: Zarovni Nataša , Mladenović Danilo , Brambilla Dario , Panico Federica , Chiari Marcella
Published: May 2024

Stochiometric issues, encompassing both the quantity and heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from tumor or other tissues in blood, pose important challenges across various stages of biomarker discovery and detection, affecting the integrity of data, introducing losses and artifacts during blood processing, EV purification, and analysis. These challenges shape the diagnostic utility of EVs especially within the framework of established and emerging methodologies. By addressing these challenges, we aim to delineate crucial parameters and requirements for tumor-specific EV detection, or more precisely, for tumor identification via EV based assays. Our endeavor involves a comprehensive examination of the layers that mask or confound the traceability of EV markers such as nucleic acids and proteins, and focus on "Low abundance - low occupancy" scenario. Finally, we evaluate the advantages vs. limitations of digital technologies over more conventional bulk assays, suggesting that the combined use of both to capture and interpret the EV signals, in particular the EV surface displayed proteins, may ultimately provide quantitative information on their absolute abundance and distribution.
Fe(III)-Mediated Two-Fold Oxidative Coupling of Furan with Indole provides Modular Access to Bis(Indolyl)Furans - A New Class of Tetra-(hetero)arylated Furan with up to four different Substituents
Authors: Mhaske Krishna , Gangai Shon , Taneja Neha , Narayan Rishikesh
Published: May 2024

Highly arylated heteroarenes constitute an intriguing class of molecular scaffolds for material science applications. Among these, tetraarylated furans have demonstrated differentiated properties as compared to other similar heterocyclic cores. Among tetraarylated furans, the synthetic complexity increases drastically with increasing number of different peripheral aryl groups. There are only a very limited number of methodologies developed to access furans with four different (hetero)aryl substituents, none of which involve oxidative coupling on furan core. Herein, we report the first methodology based on a sequential two-fold oxidative C-C coupling of furans with indoles to access bis(indolyl)furans - a new class of tetra-(hetero)arylated furans with up to four different substituents. Moreover, the reaction is mediated by inexpensive, earth-abundant FeCl3.6H2O and displays wide substrate scope and aqueous compatibility. Through the characterization of the photophysical and electrochemical properties of this novel class of furans, we present the first validation of the extensively studied aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) property of tetraarylated furans beyond phenyls as peripheral groups.
Features of the reproductive function of girls and women with rheumatoid arthritis: A review
Authors: Kazakova Anna V. , Santalova Galina V. , Kartashova Polina V. , Poretskova Galina Yu. , Dufinets Irina E.
Published: May 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common and severe autoimmune diseases. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis among adults in different geographical areas of the world ranges from 0.5 to 2%. The prevalence of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is approximately 6 per 10 thousand children. The disease occurs 2 times more often in girls than in boys. Some studies have demonstrated a possible effect of high cumulative doses of methotrexate on ovarian function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, but further studies are needed to confirm this effect. The analysis of literature data allowed us to identify prognostically significant factors in the development of autoimmune ovarian failure in patients of reproductive age with rheumatic pathology, and to note the fact that there is missing information about the state of the reproductive system in female patients with juvenile arthritis.
NGHIÊN CỨU SỬ DỤNG HỖN HỢP XỈ HẠT LÒ CAO - CÁT (LÒNG) SÔNG TRONG XÂY DỰNG CÔNG TRÌNH BIỂN
Authors: Nhàn Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: May 2024

Bài báo trình bày tính chất cơ lý (gồm thành phần hạt, khối lượng riêng, hệ số rỗng lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất, hệ số thấm, đầm chặt tiêu chuẩn, cường độ kháng nén một trục nở hông) của hỗn hợp phối trộn giữa xỉ hạt lò cao (GBFS) và cát lòng sông nhằm đánh giá khả năng thay thể cát bằng GBFS trong xây dựng công trình biển. Tỉ lệ khối lượng cát trong hỗn hợp phối trộn thay đổi từ 20% đến 60%.  Kết quả cho thấy, hỗn hợp chứa 50% đến 60% xỉ  có cường độ nén một trục tăng dần theo thời gian nhờ đặc tính thủy hóa trong điều kiện môi trường ẩm và đạt cực đại khi mẫu được thủy hóa 280 ngày, giá trị qu đạt 824,341 kN/m2 và hệ số thấm k dao động từ 10-3 đến 10-4 m/s. Đây là cơ sở nhằm cung cấp cứ liệu trong định hướng sử dụng GBFS làm vật liệu xây dựng thay thế một phần cát ở nước ta trong xây dựng công trình biển.
Molecular mechanism for recognition of the cargo adapter Rab6GTPby the dynein adapter BicD2
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxin , Quintremil Sebastian , Rodriguez Castro Estrella D , Cui Heying , Moraga David , Wang Tingyao , Vallee Richard B , Solmaz Sozanne R
Published: May 2024

Rab6 is a key modulator of protein secretion. The dynein adapter Bicaudal D2 (BicD2) recruits the motors cytoplasmic dynein and kinesin-1 to Rab6GTP-positive vesicles for transport; however, it is unknown how BicD2 recognizes Rab6. Here, we establish a structural model for recognition of Rab6GTPby BicD2, using structure prediction and mutagenesis. The binding site of BicD2 spans two regions of Rab6 that undergo structural changes upon the transition from the GDP- to GTP-bound state, and several hydrophobic interface residues are rearranged, explaining the increased affinity of the active GTP-bound state. Mutations of Rab6GTPthat abolish binding to BicD2 also result in reduced co-migration of Rab6GTP/BicD2 in cells, validating our model. These mutations also severely diminished the motility of Rab6-positive vesicles in cells, highlighting the importance of the Rab6GTP/BicD2 interaction for overall motility of the multi-motor complex that contains both kinesin-1 and dynein. Our results provide insights into trafficking of secretory and Golgi-derived vesicles and will help devise therapies for diseases caused by BicD2 mutations, which selectively affect the affinity to Rab6 and other cargoes.
Standard series of transmitting equipment for hydra-jet technology based on dimensionless geometric parameters development
Authors: Novikov V. I.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The work is devoted to the calculation of series standards for the design of high-pressure transmission devices used in various hydra jet technologies, which will provide the design of these devices based on dimensionless indicators describing the relationship between their geometric and technological parameters.

Materials and methods. The methodology includes the use of mathematical models and analytical approaches to assess the influence of various parameters on heat generation processes in equipment, as well as methods for statistical processing of results.

Results. A histogram of temperature distribution was constructed and the data was approximated using the distribution curve of temperature values and parametric series were generated for dimensionless parameters depending on various factors such as temperature, pressure, rotational speed and linear speed. It is possible to obtain parametric series for linear dimensions from five temperature ranges and seven standard sizes depending on the pressure and rotation speed of the drill shaft.

Discussion and conclusions. The results obtained provide a better definition of the relationships between rotation speed, geometric characteristics and temperature parameters through the use of dimensionless indicators and it is possible to optimize the design of such devices taking into account operating conditions and ensuring increased efficiency.
A mathematical model of the copper plating process in restoration of road transport equipment parts
Authors: Ianuta A. S. , Zadorozhnii G. S. , Shtephan Yu. V.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The use of restored parts of motor vehicles makes it possible to reduce the financial costs of repairing equipment. The cost of the restored parts should not exceed 50% of the cost of the new part. Increasing the productivity (deposition rate) of an electrolytic copper coating during the restoration of parts of motor vehicles requires taking into account the technological and economic aspects of the restoration process. The study of the factors (deposition conditions) that most affect the deposition process of the copper coating, the analysis of the experimental results and its statistical processing made it possible to optimize the technology of restoration of copper parts to create the most appropriate deposition modes with maximum productivity, thus reducing the cost of restoration of parts of motor vehicles. The purpose of the research is to develop a mathematical model of the effect of deposition conditions (electrolyte temperature, cathode current density) and electrolyte composition (concentration of copper sulfate and sulfuric acid) on the performance of the deposition process of copper coating, for further development of the most productive technology for restoring collectors of electric motors of motor vehicles.

Materials and methods. The studies on equipment that allows obtaining the necessary data with the required accuracy were carried out. Mathematical processing using modern statistical data processing tools that excluded possible errors, providing to obtain the dependence of factors with the necessary accuracy was carried out.

Results. In the course of studies of copper sulfate electrolytes to obtain an electrolytic copper coating, with the further development of technology for the restoration of automotive parts, it became necessary to determine the effect of deposition conditions – “factors” (cathode current density, electrolyte temperature, copper sulfate concentration, sulfuric acid concentration) on the deposition rate – “response”. It was found that the factor “cathode current density” and the combination of factors “cathode current density” and “sulfuric acid concentration” are the most significant. The deposition conditions in order to obtain the most productive technology for restoring collectors of electric motors of motor vehicles by depositing a copper coating have been optimized. According to the obtained model, the optimal values of the deposition conditions for obtaining the maximum deposition rate are the electrolyte temperature of 35...40 ° C, the cathode current density of more than 5 A/Dm2, the concentration of copper sulfate 200...250 g/l, the concentration of sulfuric acid 40...70 g/l.
Predicting Indian GDP with Machine Learning: A Comparison of Regression Models
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of CSE East Point College of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA, M.V Kesavan
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the application of machine learning algorithms in economic forecasting has gained significant traction. This study focuses on predicting the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India by harnessing advanced machine learning techniques. We assembled a comprehensive dataset incorporating time series analysis and inflation rates from diverse sources. Our investigation involved a comparative analysis employing both linear and polynomial regression methods to discern the most accurate predictive model. Our findings underscore the superiority of the polynomial regression model, which excelled in capturing non-linear relationships between independent variables and GDP. Specifically, the polynomial regression model achieved an impressive prediction accuracy rate of surpassing the accuracy achieved by the linear regression model. This study underscores the critical role of advanced machine learning algorithms in economic forecasting. By emphasizing the significance of high-quality datasets and the application of techniques like polynomial regression, we illustrate how these factors can substantially enhance the precision of economic forecasts. These insights hold substantial implications for policy makers and businesses alike, aiding informed decision-making and effective economic policy development. This study serves as a valuable reference for future research, highlighting the importance of advanced machine learning methods and robust data sources in economic forecasting.
Predictive Analysis and Discerning of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women using Machine Learning Computations
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE East Point College of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA, Shree Madhu
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the data-driven diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. For this, machine learning algorithms are applied to a dataset freely available in Kaggle repository. This dataset has 43 attributes of 541 women, among which 177 are patients of PCOS disease. Firstly, univariate feature selection algorithm is applied to find the best features that can predict PCOS. The ranking of the attributes is computed and it is found that the most important attribute is the ratio of Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH), Next, holdout and cross validation methods are applied to the dataset to separate the training and testing data. A number of classifiers such as gradient boosting, random forest, logistic regression, and hybrid random forest and logistic regression (RFLR) are applied to the attributed are good enough to predict the PCOS disease
Implementation of Vehicle Detection and Tracking Model Using YOLO and DeepSORT for Controlling Traffic Rule Violation
Authors:   Assistant Professor/ Dept of CSE East Point College of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA, U H Divya
Published: May 2024

The field of computer vision has advanced significantly in the last several years, especially in the areas of object tracking and detection. This research offers a thorough analysis of the use of a vehicle tracking and detection model that makes use of DeepSORT (Deep Simple Online and Realtime Tracking) for tracking and YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once version 8) for detection. By combining these state-of-the-art methods, it will be possible to track and identify vehicles in a variety of situations in real-time, improving surveillance and traffic management as well as autonomous vehicle navigation. This project intends to develop computer vision applications in the transportation and surveillance sectors by means of a thorough examination and experimentation.
Deep Learning Based Deforestation Prediction and Classification
Authors:   Department of CSE East Point College of Engineering and Technology, Bangalore, INDIA, Sayeed Prof.Rezavia
Published: May 2024

Human-induced deforestation has a major impact on forest ecosystems and therefore its detection and analysis methods should be improved. Where, this type of detection or classification helps us to degrade the deforestations in future. In this project we are mainly focusing on the problem of deforestation, performing the classification of deforestation and the healthy forests with the help of deep learning model. CNN is the algorithm that which are been using here for the classification process. We are preparing a dataset which is trained using the algorithm and classification will be performed in testing.
Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency through Robotic Systems and AI Integration
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering East Point College of Engineering and Technology,  Bangalore, INDIA, HN Chaithanya
Published: May 2024

Robotic systems have progressed and grown more available in recent years. They have been gradually but steadily integrated and used in several procedures and industries, particularly farming, as a consequence. Nowadays, agriculture machines are being developed to take the place of humans in labor-intensive, thing or hazardous activities. Depending on the kind of vehicle, its detectors, motors, and telecommunication networks, agro mobile robots provide a number of advantages. The most significant profession on the globe is gardening. The fundamental main objective of the task is to construct an automated multifunctional agricultural robot car. It is used to boost farming efficiency while decreasing the number of individuals who labor in fields and improving the accuracy of the task.
Localization, Relationality, and Materiality:The New Mobilities Paradigm and the
Communication Research in Digital Age
Authors: 孔 舒越
Published: May 2024

数字时代,传播学过去那种仅仅关注静止的研究对象、强调文本表征维度的研究视角,已经难以完全囊括当下丰富的传播现象以及媒介与社会之关系。本研究试图引入“新移动范式”,为传播学开辟新的研究路径提供思路。新移动范式以“移动”为出发点重新检视和反思了社会学的传统理论和分析视角,并基于对不同学科理论资源的整合提出了“在地化、关系性和物质性”的分析框架。本研究力图说明,数字时代的传播研究如何能够从上述分析框架中获得启示,由此重新划定研究对象和问题域,超越功能主义的认识论,并且迈向一种非人类中心主义的视野。
Human-Computer Interaction: Tracing Theoretical Origins, Paradigm Shifts, and
Future Trends
Authors: 向 安玲 , 许 可
Published: May 2024

纵观70年来人机交互理论脉络,从人类工程学、行动情感耦合到机器主体性争议,技术、社会、传播三重属性杂糅并重。从理论演进来看,人机交互的研究范式经历了附属性工具、等同性主体、对立性异端、竞争性依存四大阶段。交互本体由以人为中心转向探讨机器主体性;交互价值从工具性与经济效益扩展到情感性与社会嵌入;交互路径从程序语言与图形界面向自然语言与多模感官发展。展望未来,人机交互理论在技术层面将持续探索模态泛化、认知升维、人机互嵌,社会层面将更加关注虚实融生、AI责任、技术霸权,传播层面将深化研究权力重构、信任重塑、情感补偿。
The Elimination of the Moral Responsibility Gap:Research on the Moral
Responsibility of Algorithmic Media
Authors: 王 娟 , 汤 书昆 , 秦 庆
Published: May 2024

当下学界关于算法责任的研究存在两种相对立观点———悲观主义与乐观主义。前者认为,在人与智能媒体共同构成的传媒生态中,责任主体不明,追责困难,存在难以弥合的“责任鸿沟”;后者则提出,建构合适的问责方式可以消解鸿沟。这两种观点均预设了责任鸿沟的存在。然而,通过分析道德责任的四种基本构成与责任鸿沟的主要类型发现,责任鸿沟本质上是一种应该归责的“应然”与实际归责的“实然”之间的“错位”。消除该种错位,可以从三个方面入手:设计层面,建构有意义的人类控制体系,“经纬交错”绘制责任地图;应用层面,采用分布式责任与结构式责任,“总分结合”事后追责;伦理教育层面,实施宏观伦理与微观伦理混合课程,“高低兼容”事前预防。三者共同作用,或能够实现智能媒体的负责任使用。
Wage Policy and Justice in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Stevens Deborah , Kleinsman John , Stevens Adam , Crutchley Jamie , MacLeod Colin
Published: May 2024

We analysed the responses of 995 Year 13 students from across Aotearoa New Zealand regarding the payment of minimum and living wages. In analysing their Likert scale ratings and written responses, we found the majority of these young adults to be clearly in favour of the living wage being adopted universally. Their justifications for this stance centred around themes of survival, justice, wellbeing, economic balance and reciprocity. We assert that the voices of rangatahi have been missing in the consecutive government reviews of the minimum wage, and that listening to these voices will enhance policymaking in this area.