bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sub-THz pyramidal horn antenna for 6G wireless communication
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kumar Saurabh
Published: December 2023

In this communication, a pyramidal horn antenna is proposed and investigated to operate in the sub-THz region at a centre frequency of 0.245 THz. The antenna has five layers such as coupling layer, air cavity layer, excitation layer, pyramidal horn, and extended side wings. The coupling layer is responsible to couple the electromagnetic (EM) wave from waveguide feed. The excitation layer consists of a plus shape slot which is responsible for the excitation of the proposed antenna. The air cavity is designed such that it can efficiently excite the plus-shaped slot of the excitation layer. In order to achieve high gain and efficiency, the pyramidal horn and the extended side wings are used in combination. The proposed horn antenna has a significant efficiency and gain of 97.1 % and 19.2 dBi respectively and gives a wide impedance bandwidth of 32.3 % (0.205–0.284 THz). When compared to the literature, the proposed novel design demonstrates significant improvement in terms of bandwidth, directivity, and gain. The antenna finds its suitability for Sub-THz 6G wireless communication.
Varying particle size selectivity of soil erosion along a cultivated catena
Authors: Szabó Judit Alexandra , Keller Boglárka , Centeri Csaba , Hatvani István Gábor , Kovács József , Szalai Zoltán , Jakab Gergely
Published: December 2023

Sheet erosion is a complex multi-factor-dependent process with high spatial heterogeneity on hillslopes. Although the individual factors have been well studied, their aggregated effect on size-selective erosional processes is highly uncertain. Therefore, this study concentrates on the aggregate size distribution and effective particle size distribution (PSD) of the aggregates in the soil loss, collected from different simulated hillslope positions and surface conditions. These simulated hillslope positions combine moisture content from the extremely dry to the saturated with related slope positions of 2, 5, and 12% steepness and different surface roughness (tilled and crusted surfaces) modelled in a laboratory rainfall simulator. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, the PSD of the aggregates was separated into three groups based on the differences in the 59–116 µm range of the PSD histograms, namely, macro-aggregates, 50–250 µm sized micro-aggregates, and <50 µm sized fractions were classified into distinct groups, although some micro-aggregate samples were classified into the macro-aggregate group. PSDs from the 50–250 µm aggregate size fraction were clustered into a group of macro-aggregates if the PSD changed with time (during the rainfall event), notably on rough surfaces. The role of the specified size range in the classification is believed to be due to the parallel presence of aggregates and single particles in this range. As aggregates have a lower density than mineral particles, they tend to be enriched in soil loss under low-energy runoff conditions. Moreover, all samples in the <50 µm fraction clustered into the macro-aggregate group were eroded from the smooth/crusted surface, probably due to the presence of larger particles. The results indicate that the combined effect of erosional factors is not apparent, and the impact of the crust and extreme moisture content on the selectivity and size distribution of the sediment requires further investigation.
New fractional integral inequalities via Euler's beta function
Authors: Almutairi Ohud Bulayhan
Published: December 2023

In this article, we present new fractional integral inequalities via Euler’s beta function in terms of

s

s

-convex mappings. We develop some new generalizations of fractional trapezoid- and midpoint-type inequalities using the class of differentiable

s

s

-convexity. The results obtained in this study extended other related results reported in the literature.
Textile-based piezoelectric impact sensors for fibre-reinforced plastic composites
Authors: Pfeiffer Lena , Hofmann Paul , Haupt Michael
Published: December 2023

Bird strikes on wind turbine rotor blades have long-term impacts on fibre reinforced plastic composites. To monitor and document these impacts, integrating sensors into the composite structure is necessary. However, conventional sensors introduce foreign objects that deflect the fibre orientation, weakening the composite and potentially causing damage like delamination. To address this, silver-coated glass fibre sensors have been developed and integrated into the composite structure. Impact tests confirmed the functionality of the developed sensors. These sensors seamlessly integrate into the reinforcing structure due to their textile nature and multi-layered fibre structure. Unlike conventional sensors, they do not introduce foreign objects or create mechanical weak spots. Instead, they are expected to contribute to the overall stability of the component. In summary, integrating impact sensors into fibre reinforced plastic composites is crucial for documenting bird strike damage. Conventional sensors weaken the composite, but silver-coated glass fibre sensors resolve this issue by seamlessly integrating into the structure, enhancing stability and durability.
Istrian Narrative Folklore in Studies by Maja Bošković-Stulli and Milko Matičetov
Authors: Kropej Telban Monika
Published: December 2023

This article is dedicated to the memory of Croatian eminent folklorist, Maja Bošković-Stulli, who dedicated much of her research to Istrian narrative folklore. She was one of the leading folklorists of the second half of the 20th century and a contemporary of Slovenia’s Milko Matičetov, another exceptional folklorist and field researcher. Together, they are responsible for the collection of Istrian narrative folklore and studied the role which narratives had in the lives of Istrian people. The proximity of different ethnic groups in this territory led to the diversity and richness of narrative culture and folk storytelling up to this day. This article discusses some examples of narrative culture from Slovenian and Croatian Istria from the point of view of vital shifts and changes that can be traced through different historical periods until today.
Why Have Progressive Schools?
Authors: Dewey John
Published: December 2023

Excerpts from a Current History essay published in 1933.
The Effect of the Life Satisfaction of Individuals Over 65 Years on Their Happiness
Authors: AĞRALI ERMİŞ Sermin , DERECELİ Ebru
Published: December 2023

In our study, it was aimed to examine the effect of life satisfaction of individuals over 65 years of age on the happiness according to some demographic variables. 410 women and 399 men over 65 years of age participated in the study. The measurement tool to be used in the study was delivered to the participants via ' Google Form' and it was paid attention that they participated voluntarily. It was administered to 834 people in total and 809 scales were deemed suitable for analysis. The life satisfaction scale, which was developed by Diener et al. (15) and adapted into Turkish by Dagli and Baysal (10), and the happiness scale which was adapted by Demirci, İ.and Ekşi, H. (12), were used as data collection tools in the study. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent sample t test for binary variables, ANOVA test and Benferonni analysis for more than two variables were applied in the analysis of the data. As a result, according to the statistical results of the participants, it is seen that their happiness levels (x̄=19.90) and life satisfaction levels are high (x̄=15.72). It was determined that there was a high level of positive correlation between the life satisfaction of the participants and their happiness levels (r=0.723). As a result of the ANOVA analysis performed between life satisfaction and happiness levels and the variables of doing sports and sedentary life, it is seen that there are statistically significant differences (p<0.05).
La normatividad de género en el entorno educativo: Un estudio de caso con alumnado transgénero
Authors: España-Chico Celia , Fernández-Fuertes Andrés Avelino , Fernández-Rouco Noelia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Historically, alternative sexualities have endured social and institutional violence. Despite this, research analyzing personal experiences within educational environments remains scarce. Objective. The objective of this research was to explore the various manifestations of sexual normativity in schools and its effects on transgender students. Method. The semi-structured interview technique was employed, validated by a panel of experts. Two participants were involved: the grandmother of a six-year-old transgender girl and her teacher. Results. Sexual normativity manifested at three levels: institutional (macrosystem), school (mesosystem), and personal (microsystem). Specific results include the need for specific policies and media influence at the first level, the ignorance and resistance of the school at the second level, and stereotypical practices, ad hoc violence and its impact at the third level. Conclusions. The absence of specific policies, the shortage of training in this regard and prejudices can hinder the free expression of sexual and gender diversity at school.
İslam Hukukunda Kişi ve Kişilik (Zimmet) Kavramı
Authors: HACAK Hasan
Published: December 2023

Türk ve Kara Avrupası hukukunda hukukun öznesi kişilerdir ve iki tür kişi vardır: gerçek kişiler ve tüzel kişiler. Gerçek kişi dediğimiz insanlar doğum ile ölüm arasında hukuk öznesidir. Reşit olan kişiler hem hak hem de fiil ehliyetine sahipken reşit olmayanlar sadece hak ehliyetine sahiptir. İslam hukukunda ise hukuki kişiliği ve hukukun öznesini ifade etmek için iki temel ve birbiriyle yarışan kavram üretilmiştir. Bunların ilki mükellef diğeri ise zimmettir. Hukukun öznesini mükellef kavramı ile ifade edenler eda ehliyeti üzerinden bir tanımlama getirmiştir. Buna göre mükellef akıl, buluğ ve rüşt şartını taşıyan insanlardır. Hukuk ve şerʿî hitap bunların fiilleriyle ilgilidir. Ancak mükellef terimi çocuk, akıl hastası vb. gibi fiillerine sonuç bağlanabilen, hak ve borç sahibi olan insanları dışlamakta, adeta hukukun dışına itmektedir. Burada ortaya çıkan boşluğu elimizdeki metinler noktasından baktığımızda Debûsî doldurmuş ve hukukun öznesinin mükellef değil, zimmet sahibi insan olduğunu belirtmiştir. Debûsî’den sonra artık hukukun temel konusu mükellefin fiilleri değil zimmet sahibi varlığın hak ve borçlarıdır. Ehliyet de sadece eda/fiil ehliyeti değildir ayrıca vücûb/hak ehliyeti söz konusudur. Vücûb ehliyeti zimmet ile benzer bir anlama sahiptir. İnsan doğumdan ölüme kadar zimmet ve vücûb ehliyeti sahibidir. Bu anlamıyla zimmeti kısaca kişilik olarak ifade edebiliriz. Zimmet terimi Hanefilerin dışındaki bazı mezheplerde zaman zaman mükellef kavramıyla yakın bir içeriğe sahip olarak zaman zaman da Hanefilerdeki kapsamıyla kullanılır. Kişilik Türk ve Kara Avrupası hukukunda olduğu gibi İslam hukukunda da sağ doğumla başlar ve ölümle sona erer.
“Maribor is the Future”
Authors: Vodopivec Nina
Published: December 2023

The article explores futures in the deindustrialized city of Maribor in relation to the right to the city and participatory practices. The future is considered from the present perspective; how it informs and inspires people to act. The focus is on the Initiative for Citywide Assembly, self-organized districts, participatory budgeting, and collaboration between cultural producers and NGOs. The article treats these participatory practices as social processes and learning sites in which the future is not just imagined or aspired to but rather lived and putinto practice.
Visualization of the Book: Graphic Metaphors in Art Decoration of Ukrainian Church Editions of the Baroque Epoque
Authors: Kurhanova Olena
Published: December 2023

The article considers the role of metaphor in the art decoration of 17th–18th centuries Ukrainian editions of church books. It claims that the book art of this period is marked by generous use of symbolic and allegoric visual images which play metaphorical role in general structure of the book. Structural-semiotical exploration of title pages, frontispieces, and illustration cycles in more than one hundred reeditions of Ukrainian church books of 17th–18th centuries enabled us to single out the main types of structure forming visual metaphors. All metaphorical visual images, used in decoration of the church books, transfer the meaning of the book through picturing its author, addressee, or the central theological concept. The image of the author in the tradition of the Ukrainian church book art decoration is inserted in the composition of the title page and frontispiece. It visually presents the church book as a creation of a saint person, inspired by God. The addressee is expressed both by the emblem of a patron, who supported book printing, and by an icon of a divine person to whom the prayer content of the book is addressed. The emblem of a patron is positioned on the title page and/or backside of the title page. It visually generalizes the image of the church book edition, printed due to support of notable person. The icons of a prayer addressee on the backside of the title page, on the frontispieces, or on in-text miniatures, reflect the conceptual idea of a church book as a tool for praying. The main idea of a church book is commonly expressed by symbolic and allegoric compositions. Such compositions, positioned on the title pages and frontispieces, summarize the content of the book by the most unexpected visual images. All the complexity of meanings expressed by images of author, addressee, and theological content, demonstrate the baroque means, which Ukrainian church book editors applied to visualize the church book essence.
The modeling of LED's disposition
Authors: Dabulytė Jurgita , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Žukauskas Artūras
Published: December 2023

The goal of this work is to construct the scheme of constructing light  – emitting diodes system. The mathematical model was written for a light-emitting diodes lamp. The finite difference technique was used for the discretization of mathematical model.
Reduction of Fecal Calprotectin Levels Induced by a Short Course of Escherichia Coli Nissle is Associated with a Lower Likelihood of Disease Flares in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in Clinical Remission
Authors: Bodini Giorgia , Ghezzi Andrea , Pasta Andrea , Marabotto Elisa , Calabrese Francesco , Facchini Chiara , Demarzo Maria Giulia , Giannini Edoardo Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims: Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a biomarker of gut inflammation, and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a probiotic strain able to reduce gut inflammation and maintain disease remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim is to assess the effects of EcN administration in patients with IBD in clinical remission and altered FC values.

Methods: We prospectively included 82 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (n=49) and Crohn’s disease (CD) (n=33) in clinical remission and with FC values above 250 mcg/g (T0) who were treated with EcN alone for 2 months. FC values were assessed at the end of EcN treatment (T1) and clinical disease activity at 3 months (T2).

Results: At T1 median FC values were significantly lower compared to T0 both in patients with CD (312 mcg/g vs 626 mcg/g, p<0.0001) and UC (100 mcg/g vs 584 mcg/g; p<0.0001). Patients with UC who experienced disease relapse at T2 had lesser reduction in median FC values at T1 (-229 mcg/g, vs -397 mcg/g, p=0.049), while in patients with CD we observed no statistically significant difference (-358 mcg/g, vs -427; p=0.568). In patients with UC, a reduction of at least 532 mcg/g in FC had an accuracy of 69.7% and a positive predictive value of 65.7% in predicting maintenance of remission.

Conclusions: A short course of EcN was associated with a reduction of FC values in patients with IBD in clinical remission and baseline altered FC values, and in patients with UC this decrease was associated with maintenance of clinical remission.
Clinical and Pathological Features of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Liver Injury in Comparison with Drug-induced Liver Injury and Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Sunago Kotaro , Abe Masanori , Yoshida Osamu , Watanabe Takao , Nakamura Yoshiko , Imai Yusuke , Koizumi Yohei , Hirooka Masashi , Tokumoto Yoshio , Hiasa Yoichi
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors may cause various types of organ damage as immune-related adverse events, of which, liver damage is the most common. Herein, we evaluated the clinicopathological features of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury and investigated the differences between immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury and drug-induced liver injury or autoimmune hepatitis.

Methods: We selected patients with ≥ grade 3 liver injury who were diagnosed with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury (n=15). Liver biopsies were performed in 10 of the 15 cases. We also selected cases in which a liver biopsy was performed and drug-induced liver injury (n=7) or autoimmune hepatitis [n=21: acute exacerbation (n=13) was diagnosed and cases of acute onset (n=8), in which liver function test results corresponded to ≥ grade 3].

Results: Portal fibrosis and periportal activity scores were significantly higher in the acute exacerbation autoimmune hepatitis group than in the other groups. Portal and lobular activity were not different between the groups. Plasma cell infiltration showed a higher trend in the autoimmune hepatitis group than in the other groups. Granuloma formations were seen in 90% of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury cases. The CD4/8 ratio was significantly lower in the immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury group than in the other groups. Patients with bile duct injury had poorer response to corticosteroid therapy than those without.

Conclusions: There are some obvious differences among immune checkpoint inhibitor-related liver injury, drug-induced liver injury, and autoimmune hepatitis in liver histology. Liver biopsy is helpful for the diagnosis and severity evaluation of liver injury.
Childlessness in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Data from the Prospective Multi-center Swiss IBD Cohort Study
Authors: Sulz Michael Christian , Doulberis Michael , Fournier Nicolas , Biedermann Luc , Zeitz Jonas , Misselwitz Benjamin , Imthurn Bruno , Rogler Gerhard , Group SIBDC
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims: Childlessness and infertility represent a frequent and important issue in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Nevertheless, until now epidemiological data remains scarce. Therefore, main objectives of this study were to evaluate the rate of childlessness and the cumulative probability of reproduction in female and male IBD patients within the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study (SIBDCS), a large prospective multicenter nationwide cohort.

Methods: Prospectively collected data of SIBDCS was used, comprising more than 3,300 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We analyzed the following groups of patients: 1) female IBD patients aged ≥40 years and diagnosed before age of 30 years with at least one follow-up, 2) female IBD patients who reported actively trying to conceive, with IBD diagnosed <35 years and with age at enrolment <45 years (longitudinal observation), with at least one follow-up, and 3) childless males who actively tried to conceive.

Results: A total of 1,412 female patients from the SIBDCS [843 CD, 539 UC, 30 indeterminate colitis (IC)] with available data were included in our analyses. Out of those 184 females (70.1% CD and 29.9 % UC) were aged ≥ 40 years and have been diagnosed with IBD before the age of 30 years. Among these, 184 women 32.1% were childless. The portion of childless females (36.4%) was significantly higher in CD vs. UC (36.4% vs. 21.8%; p=0.026), equaling a relative risk of childlessness of 1.7 in CD vs. UC. and higher than in the Swiss general population (21%). The mean number of children per female patient was 1.32 (median 1, min 0, max 6), per female with CD 1.12 (median 1, min 0, max 4), per female with UC/IC 1.78 (median 2, min 0, max 6; P=0.001). The longitudinal analysis of female IBD patients trying to conceive revealed that one out of two women neither were pregnant nor had born a child five years after first trying to conceive.

Conclusions: The rate of childlessness in females with CD is higher compared to the general Swiss population, whereas it is similar in women with UC. Moreover, the mean number of children is lower in CD than in UC. Females with CD remain more often childless compared to their UC counterparts. Although the exact underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, this discrepancy should alert healthcare professionals treating CD patients to actively address this topic.
COMPLEXATION OF CURCUMIN WITH BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN AND DIPHTHERIA TOXOID CRM197
Authors:   Palladin Institute of biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zhukova D.A.
Published: December 2023

Aim. The goal of the study is to demonstrate the binding sites for curcumin on the protein carriers - bovine serum albumin and diphtheria toxoid CRM197. BSA was chosen as a potential non-specific protein carrier because of its widely used in medicine as a drug carrier. Methods. In the investigation, both spectrophotometric and molecular docking methods were used. Results. Two stable binding sites were demonstrated for BSA to bind curcumin. CRM197 was taken as a well-studied carrier protein with its own antitumor activity and has been investigated as a specific carrier with a high affinity for cancer cells with overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor. Our results showed one possible curcumin binding site, making CRM197 an ideal specific curcumin delivery platform that provides at least an additive effect in anticancer therapies. Conclusions. In conclusion, both studied proteins form stable complexes with curcumin that can lay in base of the commercial drug application.
Parallelization of the Fluid Behavior Modeling Algorithm in Real Time
Authors: Mochurad L.I. , Dereviannyi A.A. , Tkachuk O.R.
Published: December 2023

A parallel algorithm based on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology is proposed to accelerate fluid behavior simulation and real-time decision making capability. Three main steps were highlighted: implementation of the fluid flow simulation method, distri-bution of work between CUDA threads, and collection of results. A software product was de-veloped to analyze the obtained results. As a result, it was found that the minimum acceptable refresh rate of the simulation environment is achieved on an environment with a size of 512  512 and is an average of 51.54 FPS (number of frames per second) for both states (quiet and ac-tive simulation). An analysis of literary sources was carried out, where the current state of this scientific problem is outlined and the advantages of the proposed approach are indicated. Among the simulation methods, the method using the Navier―Strokes equation for the flow of incompressible matter was chosen because it is simple and has good possibilities for parallelization.
Genealogi Sanad dalam Perspektif Orientalis: Studi Kritik atas Pemikiran Michael Cook
Authors: Ghifari Muhammad , Zakiyah Ulfah
Published: December 2023

This article review Michael Cook's thoughts on the early history of the use of isnad. Michael Cook disagrees with the opinions of the hadith scholars who said that the system of isnad only exists in Islam and is not found in other religion. Michael Cook believes that Islam is not the only sole owner of the isnad system. Long before Islam came the system of isnad had been used by previous religion, it had been used by Jews in transmitting Mishnah. Moreover Michael Cook concluded that Islam had plagiarized the Jewish isnad system. The Islamic isnad system is very closely related to the Jewish isnad system which both have similarities in many thing. Therefore, Michael Cook believes that the Islamic isnad is a plagiarism of the Jewish isnad system. In this paper, the author analyzes Michael Cook's thoughts. There are at least two main problems that the author examines, namely what and how are the fundamental ideas (main points) of Michael Cook related to the initial use of isnad? And the second, how is the methodological foundation of Jews in carrying out criticism of isnad?
Ahlul Haq Wassunnah dalam Matan HPT Muhammadiyah Bagian Ketuhanan Perspektif Wahyudi Sarju Abdurrahim
Authors: Anandika Dwi Jaka , Muhsinin Mahmud , Mas'udi Muhammad Maulana
Published: December 2023

This article concentrates on the Arabic language editor written in the Muhammadiyah's Divinity Section of the Tarjih Judgment Association (HPT). Even though it is in the form of writing with a short editorial, it contains clues for findong references used by tarjih muhammadiyah scholars in the early period of its formulation. The purpose of this study is to examine the thoughts of Wahyudi Sarju Abdurrahim regarding his views on the Muhammadiyah creed which is implied in the HPT book. The term Ahlul Haq Wassunnah contained in the text of the HPT chapter on Faith is used as an entry point in tracking the literacy sources of the tarjih scholars in formulating the HPT of Muhammadiyah. Furthermore, he compared the classical books (turast) in the field of kalam science from various schools of faith with the HPT Muhammadiyah to find the suitability of the texts and its meanings. Of the many schools of creed, finally converging on two great figures, namely Abu Hasan Al-Asy'ari and Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab. The reason for choosing these two figures was because they were seen as representing the two currents of kalam thought that developed in Muhammadiyah. The type of research used in this article is library research with primary sources matan (editors) of HPT Muhammadiyah and secondary sources in the form of classic books (turats) by Mutakallimin scholars from the early era of their appearance to the late era.
Konsep Cinta Sebagai Upaya Harmonisasi dalam Konflik Antar Agama-agama Besar Dunia
Authors: Syah Yoshy Hendra Hardiyan , Winarti Rinni
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the concept of love as a rare harmonization in conflicts between major world religions. The emergence of conflict is sometimes indicated by a certain ideology, power, and social-religious. The purpose of this research is to understand, respond to, and provide solutions to any conflicts that have occurred in the world’s major religions. In this study, using a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis style using literature review techniques and using a historical review approach to explain descriptive analysis in discussing conflicts between the world’s major religions. What’s interesting about this article is that it offers the concept of love as taught in every religion. If without being based on love in realizing peace, it will be difficult to meet in deliberations, and greet one another. By taking the path of love, humans can create a harmonious life, a peaceful life without any disputes between other religious communities. So that with the diversity of people’s colors, religions, races, ethnicities, and cultures, we should be able to react wisely. Tolerance and mutual respect between fellow citizens must be upheld.
Pandangan Sahl al-Tustarī terhadap Al-Qur’an dalam Tafsīr Al-Qur’ān al-’Aẓīm
Authors: Fikri Ahmad Ali , Rahman Yusuf
Published: December 2023

This article examines the views of Sahl al-Tustarī on the Qur’an. As the first Sufi Mufasir who write a Sufi commentary of the Qur’an, al-Tustarī has laid down the principles of Sufistic interpretation of the Qur’an. This research is a library study that its data is based on written sources. The main source of this research is Tafsīr al-Qur’an al-’Aẓīm by Sahl al-Tustarī. The research approach used is a structural approach initiated by Robert Scholes with an interpretive and comparative framework. This paper shows that among al-Tustarī’s views on the Qur’an which are important and the basis for his Sufistic interpretation is that the Qur’an is an Arabic holy book and has four levels of meaning; ẓāhir, bāṭin. ḥadd and maṭla’.
Trends in Low-Value Care Among Children’s Hospitals
Authors: House Samantha A. , Marin Jennifer R. , Coon Eric R. , Ralston Shawn L. , Hall Matthew , Gruhler De Souza Heidi , Ho Timmy , Reyes Mario , Schroeder Alan R.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Longitudinal pediatric low-value care (LVC) trends are not well established. We used the Pediatric Health Information System LVC Calculator, which measures utilization of 30 nonevidenced-based services, to report 7-year LVC trends.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study applied the LVC Calculator to emergency department (ED) and hospital encounters from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2022. We used generalized estimating equation models accounting for hospital clustering to assess temporal changes in LVC.

RESULTS

There were 5 265 153 eligible ED encounters and 1 301 613 eligible hospitalizations. In 2022, of 21 LVC measures applicable to the ED cohort, the percentage of encounters with LVC had increased for 11 measures, decreased for 1, and remained unchanged for 9 as compared with 2016. Computed tomography for minor head injury had the largest increase (17%–23%; P < .001); bronchodilators for bronchiolitis decreased (22%–17%; P = .001). Of 26 hospitalization measures, LVC increased for 6 measures, decreased for 9, and was unchanged for 11. Inflammatory marker testing for pneumonia had the largest increase (23%–38%; P = .003); broad-spectrum antibiotic use for pneumonia had the largest decrease (60%–48%; P < .001). LVC remained unchanged or decreased for most medication and procedure measures, but remained unchanged or increased for most laboratory and imaging measures.

CONCLUSIONS

LVC improved for a minority of services between 2016 and 2022. Trends were more favorable for therapeutic (medications and procedures) than diagnostic measures (imaging and laboratory studies). These data may inform prioritization of deimplementation efforts.
Parameters and Operation Modes of the Cutting and Chopping Apparatus
Authors: Truflyak Evgeniy V. , Potebnya Andrey N.
Published: December 2023

ntroduction. To improve the efficiency of harvesting crops, it is necessary to improve the existing tools of mowers and headers of combine harvesters that will ensure their versatility and multifunctionality. The increased power availability per the industry in the current economic and political conditions can be achieved by applying the principles of resource conservation and using alternative designs of reaper and headers. The existing cutting units of these agricultural machines do not provide simultaneous cutting, harvesting and chopping of corn stalks, sunflower stalks, reed steams and branches for the purpose of futher incorporation into the soil or collection of plant mass to use in liverstock. Therefore, substantiating the design and technological scheme and determinating the parameters and modes for the universal cutting and chopping apparatus is relevant.
Aim of the Article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of cutting and chopping plants by substantiating the structural and functional scheme of the unit and the ration parameters and operating modes of the cutting unit.
Materials and Methods. The physics of the kinematic mode indicator is substantiated in terms of the probability-based approach. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Operation and Technical Service and in the training park of Kuban State Agrarian University.
Results. There is substantiated the structural and functional scheme of the chopper unit with a cutterbar of cutting and chopping type. The physics of the kinematic mode index characterizing the intensity of interaction of a certain number of knives with plants on the root and stems distributed over the area with different density, is substantiated for the accepted conditions of the unit operation, in terms of probabilistic approach to the interaction of knives with stems in the form of plants on the root.
Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained data are necessary for designing universal machines of a new type, providing not only cutting, but also collecting of cut stems, chopping and possible collecting of the chopped crop or spreading chopped crop on the field. Depending on the rotational speed of the auger tool, an indicator of the kinematic mode, the power varies from 4.99 kW to 11.02 kW, productivity from 0.5 kg/s to 1.22 kg/s, and energy consumption from 11.02 to 4.99 kW-s/kg.
Deductive content analysis as a research method in the field of education sciences – A systematic literature review of journal articles in Web of Science (2019–2023)
Authors: Szabó Zoltán András , Soós Sándor , Schiller Emese
Published: December 2023

Content analysis plays a pivotal role in the field of educational science. This paper delves into an examination of studies within the discipline that have employed a deductive approach when applying this method. Our research focus revolved around the thematic patterns present in the corresponding scientific discourse and the techniques utilized for deductive content analysis.

We conducted a systematic literature review within the Web of Science database to identify journal articles employing a theory-driven approach to content analysis. The results of the investigation revealed that empirical studies in the domains of health studies, professional development, and learning enhancement seldom adhere exclusively to deductive reasoning during content analysis. Instead, they typically blend deductive reasoning with inductive coding processes.
Zebrafish models for the evaluation of essential oils (EOs): A comprehensive review
Authors: Wang Lulu , Yu Meijie , Ding Shiwei , Cao Jiazhen , Meng Xianghe , Li Li , Sa Ren , He Min , Sun Mengmeng
Published: December 2023

Essential oils (EOs) derived from crops, especially aromatic plants, have been well-acknowledged to provide several health benefits for humans. Zebrafish as an unprecedented tool has been widely used as an excellent vertebrate model in labs owing to its many useful characteristics. Its applications for rapidly and economically screening and identifying toxicity, safety, and bioactivity of EOs may serve to meet the rising demand for nutraceuticals, food supplements, and natural cosmetics. In this study, we summarized the research progress of zebrafish models in evaluating EOs. In addition, toxicity, safety, and various bioactivities of EOs were summarized using a wide variety of readily applicable zebrafish models covering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis inhibition, neuromodulation, anesthesia, anti-melanogenesis, analgesic activities, etc. In conclusion, zebrafish is a valuable animal model for evaluating the bioactivity and safety of EOs, and using such a model may contribute to speeding up the identification of novel EOs with potential health functions and quality assessment, which in turn boosts the recognition of aromatic plants as important industrial crops and encourages a healthier way of life.
Radiophotonic methods and means for the resolution increase of a continuous-wave radar with an FBG discriminator
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, Ivanov A.A. , Stepura A.V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, Maltsev A.V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, Morozov Oleg G. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, Makarov R.A. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, Galiullin Rustem L. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI
Published: December 2023

During the development of a radiophotonic systems for instantaneous microwave frequencies measurement, ever higher requirements are placed on their range, accuracy, and resolution, which can only be satisfied by the creation of a new devices and operating principles. Three types of analysis of frequency components after modulation are possible: analysis of each component separately (differential analysis), analysis of the envelope of each two-frequency pair (integral-derivative analysis), and analysis of all components (integral analysis). All these methods are realizable and correspond to one-, two-, and polyharmonic FBG probing using a limited number of optical band-pass filters. Based on the results of a comparative analysis, it was shown that the problem of the resolution increase of the instantaneous frequency measurement of microwave signals in symmetrical circuits on selective elements can be solved by transferring the frequency components of the measured signal to the middle of the linear section of the FBG; using radiophotonic multiplication and using polyharmonic transformation of the measured frequency on TAPM. Among the advantages of such solutions, the possibility of the resolution increase of the frequency measurement of microwave signals lies in low frequencies measurement in the linear section of the FBG when transferring the frequency components of the measured signal, a multiple decrease in the measurement error by a factor equal to the number of multiplication stages for radiophotonic multiplication and a multiple of the number of harmonics used for the method of polyharmonic transformation.
ARTE – TELEWIZJA POROZUMIENIA. Fenomen telewizji publicznej jako narzędzia budowania porozumienia między narodami oraz wspierania procesu integracji europejskiej, na przykładzie francusko-niemieckiej telewizji kultury ARTE
Authors: Kościński Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Title of this Ph.D. thesis: The phenomenon of public television as an instrument for building understanding between nations and supporting of European integration process (case study on the example of French-German television ARTE)”. ARTE is a public TV channel, established in 1991 from the political will of the leaders of two nations, namely president of France Francois Mitterrand and German Chancellor Helmut Kohl. Both were guided by the idea of using the media in the process of building up reconciliation between France and Germany and media support for the process of creating a new, more integrated Europe. Culture, which for centuries had been seen in mutual relations as a source of conflict and used for propaganda, also revealed its potential as a bridge for mutual understanding between nations and at the same time the main program leitmotiv of the ARTE. ARTE has been presented as a case study as, for the time being, it constitutes a unique example in the audiovisual landscape of Europe. As it was referred to by Ms. Veronique Cayla, director of ARTE France, in April 2019: „ARTE is a political creation, very original, European TV station which does not have a counterpart in the world, it is multilanguage, cultural and carrying out the mission that exceeds it: Europe”. The main goal of research undertaken is the scientific analysis of those components, which led that ARTE become an “instrument of building up understanding between nations”. In-depth analysis has been done on the issue of the station’s strategy, program formula and thematic content, management method, technological progress and specific legal and organizational setting of ARTE based on french-german „bitonal model”. The research focused on the description of ARTE’s activities, and the main research method was „case study”, which was complemented by other methods. Author relied also on the method of content analysis focused on the analysis of the tv programming schedule. The main hypothesis which was intend to demonstrate in a doctoral dissertation was that the following factors contribute to strengthening the operative efficiency of the European cultural TV channel ARTE and guarantee its stable development: political will of France’s and Germany’s leaders, adaptation of the regulatory and organizational frameworks to the specifications of a binational TV channel; functioning based on a stable budget, and effective use of modern audiovisual technologies.
Bandas de microtráfico, escuelas criminales en Colombia
Authors: Castellanos Díaz Juliana , Barrantes Chavarro Mauricio
Published: December 2023

Esta investigación periodística revela cómo las bandas dedicadas al microtráfico en Colombia reclutan y usan a menores de edad para hacerlos parte de la cadena delictiva, evidenciando la debilidad estatal por cuenta de la carencia de políticas públicas que eviten la vulneración de los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
BOGOTÁ SINESTÉSICA. Redescubriendo la ciudad a través de la lectura y los sentidos
Authors: Téllez Pedraza Marcela , Jiménez Rodríguez Jenny Juliana
Published: December 2023

Esta propuesta surgió de las experiencias exitosas logradas a través del desarrollo del proyecto de investigación-creación: “Post-ruptivos, laboratorio experimental de promoción digital de lectura”, y de la convicción de que la práctica lectora permite construir, compartir y comprender los múltiples sentidos que los sujetos tejemos con relación al mundo que habitamos. Los resultados y aprendizajes obtenidos con el semillero Post-Ruptivos permitieron consolidar una propuesta solida y robusta que se hizo acreedora a la beca “Creación o fortalecimiento de proyectos de promoción de lectura” de la Gerencia de Literatura de IDARTES.
La cloaca, un viaje por el río Bogotá
Authors: Pineda Orjuela Daniel
Published: December 2023

Una cloaca, un basurero, un botadero... estas son algunas de las expresiones con las que se reconoce el río más importante que recorre la sabana en la que se ubica la capital de Colombia, el río Bogotá, dando cuenta del respeto que se ha perdido no solo por el río sino por uno de los recursos más importantes que nos ofrece la naturaleza, el agua. Esta producción documental busca acercarnos a esa parte de la realidad medio ambiental que alberga un ecosistema en el que el hombre interactúa de manera directa, y sus consecuencias.
Mnemonic Regime in the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria: Using the Narrative of the Deportation of the Balkarian People in Regional Memory Politics
Authors:   European university at Saint-Petersburg, Ushparov I. A.
Published: December 2023

The article studies regional memory politics in Kabardino-Balkaria. By applying the concept of mnemonic regime, the model of using the memory of the deportation of the Balkarian people through the configuration of mnemonic actors and their strategies is considered. It was found that a fractured memory regime is formed in the republic. This is explained by the presence of an antagonistic strategy of actors in the struggle for the dominance of narrative in public space. The local elite use the memory of the trauma to improve the political and economic status of the group. The memory of the Battle of Kanzhal is important for the Adyghe people. But Balkarian actors dispute it. It is a way of challenging the dominant status of Kabardians as well as resolving territorial disputes.
Inside the Memorial Culture of the Chechen Republic: from the Present to the Recreated Past
Authors:   Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goryushina E. M. , Alkhastova Z. M. ,   The Kh. Ibragimov Complex Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to analyze the modern Chechen Republic memorial culture. The author proceeds from the fact that the Chechnya past outside the republic, as a rule, is limited to the memory of the Caucasian War (in connection with the historical figure of Imam Shamil) and the armed actions of the post-Soviet period of 1994–1996 and 1999–2009, which are often referred to as "Chechen wars" or "Chechen campaigns". The novelty of the study lies in the modern Chechen memorial culture research in the context of the post-conflict stage of the North Caucasian republic formation, where there are very few interdisciplinary studies. The article identifies a selection of key historical events on which the Chechen memorial culture is constructed: 1) the movement under the leadership of Sheikh Mansur; 2) the Caucasian War; 3) the revolution of 1917 and the civil war; 4) Soviet Chechnya (Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic); 5) Great Patriotic War/deportation 1944; 6) "Chechen revolution" 1991, Dudayev's regime, civil war in Chechnya 1994, "first Chechen war", interwar crisis, "second Chechen war", abolition of the counter-terrorist operation regime (WHO) and the development of the republic. The author applies A. Assman's model of commemoration “to remember never to forget” to the Chechen memorial culture, since it involves the preservation of the past and the integration of the memory of the event into a collective identity. At the same time, the article reveals the shortcomings of this model and shows the gradual institutionalization of the commemorative practice of the victims of deportation remembrance in the post-conflict period of the republic development.
The Memory of the Vietnam War in American Culture During the 1970s: Strategies for Representing the Veteran Figure
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Sysolyatin A. A. , Slepchenko D. V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2023

The article analyses a formation of postconflict human development projects in the USA culture after the Vietnam War and related to them process of “industrialization of memory”. The purpose of this research is to critically examine a part of mass media, public and academic discussions, cinema and literature in creation of postconflict institute of “memory industry” in USA since late 1970s and to demonstrate, how trivialization of trauma in postconflict culture leads to rising of industry, which employs collective memory, absorbing personal experience and producing its substitutes. In conclusion we evaluate productive potential of analyzed human development projects for conceptualization of violence and design of postconflict society.
Film Studio as an Institution for War Memory? “Authoritative Viewers” and the Soviet Production of Cultural Trauma (1960–1980s)
Authors:   European university at Saint-Petersburg, Pavlovskiy A. F.
Published: December 2023

The institutional approach in memory studies implies the study of stable organizational structures responsible for the production of cultural memory. Addressing the problem of late-Soviet institutions of memory of the Great Patriotic War in the 1960s-1980s, the author considers the film studio, using “Lenfilm” as an example, as a special institution of memory and cultural trauma of the war. Based on institutional sources (script files, artistic councils, etc.), the author proposes to study the production of Soviet films about the war as the interaction of a complex system of conflicting “authoritative viewers” who had (relative) autonomy, functions, and a different type of authority in judging the past – the “power of memory». The author substantiates a typology of such “memory power” (“author power”, “studio power”, “power of the cultural bureaucracy”, “party power”, “military power”, “corporate power”, and “media power”) and summarizes the main properties inherent in the system of cultural production that influenced the film memory of the war in the “long 1970s” – its stability, “institutional opacity”, “constant bargaining”, overlapping party-bureaucratic control, contestation and defense of the “autonomy of the author”.