bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complexidade, conformidade e arrecadação tributária
Authors: Cabello Otávio Gomes , Nakao Silvio Hiroshi
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva apresentar qual é o custo de conformidade tributário nos Estados brasileiros e examinar se a complexidade tributária afeta os custos de conformidade e se estes afetam a arrecadação. Os resultados: (a) evidenciam que empresas de todos os Estados brasileiros possuem um custo de conformidade do ICMS, considerando apenas mão de obra, na média de 1,5% da obrigação principal; e (b) sugerem que uma maior complexidade tributária leva a maiores custos de conformidade, que por sua vez aumentam a arrecadação tributária. Isso significa que o aumento da complexidade tributária pode tornar o sistema econômico menos eficiente e competitivo, pois o aumento na complexidade da legislação precisa ser acompanhado de sanções que forcem o contribuinte a incorrer em custos adicionais, de modo a fazer com que haja um aumento da arrecadação. Este trabalho contribui com o debate sobre a simplificação tributária e seus efeitos econômicos; e com a literatura sobre custos de conformidade.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E DOMÍNIOS DO CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO: PROPOSIÇÕES PARA UMA PERSPECTIVA FORMATIVA COMPROMETIDA COM A TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Silva Maíra Batistoni e , Sasseron Lúcia Helena
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: Desde meados do século passado, o campo da Educação em Ciências vem discutindo e incorporando novos propósitos à ideia de Alfabetização Científica (AC). No atual momento histórico, tem sido defendida uma perspectiva formativa para a AC comprometida com a transformação social. Considerando essa perspectiva, retomamos as ideias já consolidadas na literatura sobre os Eixos Estruturantes (EE) da AC e propomos sua releitura a partir de considerações sobre o ensino de ciências como prática social e sobre os domínios conceitual, epistêmico, material e social do conhecimento científico, com vistas à proposição de um referencial teórico para a área. Na perspectiva da AC apresentada, detectamos a complexidade do segundo EE, visto que ele congrega os diferentes domínios do conhecimento.
The repercussion of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Brazilian courts
Authors: Peruzzo Pedro Pulzatto , Flores Enrique Pace Lima
Published: December 2021

Abstract The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) was the first treaty to be incorporated as a Constitutional law, according to the determination of the Brazilian Constitution for human rights treaties. In addition, the Optional Protocol was also promulgated, recognizing the competence of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities to supervise the application of the treaty in Brazil. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Committee and Convention in Brazilian courts, specifically in the courts that have jurisdiction to rule on cases based on treaties, that is, the Federal Justice. An extensive survey of judicial decisions was carried out in order to verify whether the protections of the treaty are applied. This research focus on the efforts to ensure the rights of persons with disabilities on the Brazilian legal system, based on the commitment to international cooperation to guarantee and promote the rights and principles announced in the CRPD, particularly regarding the social model of disability, which is the main protective concept used in the treaty.
Participação do atingido por desastres na formação de teses jurídicas via Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas
Authors: Bergamaschi André Luís , Silveira Bruna Braga da , Asperti Maria Cecília de Araújo
Published: December 2021

Resumo Movimentos sociais têm consolidado significados mais abrangentes para a noção de “pessoa atingida”, relacionando-a à centralidade de sua participação em procedimentos reparatórios. Cabe, assim, analisar como o processo civil concebe essa participação, sobretudo em casos de desastres socioambientais e, especialmente, em procedimentos de formação de teses jurídicas, tendência verificada nos últimos anos que foi intensificada pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015. O presente artigo analisa os Incidentes de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas (IRDRs) do caso Rio Doce, perguntando se esse instrumento viabiliza a participação e protagonismo dos atingidos.
La viruela y las políticas de inmunización en Argentina en el largo plazo
Authors: Liscia Maria Silvia Di
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN La historia de la viruela en Argentina, peligrosa enfermedad infecciosa y epidémica, se estudia a través de las diversas políticas públicas desde el siglo XIX al XX. Se enlaza a la enfermedad y a su principal terapia, la vacuna, que involucra las prácticas médicas y el derecho al uso individual del cuerpo, frente al significado social y colectivo inmerso en la inmunización universal. También se analiza la relación entre los gobiernos de diverso signo político y la comunidad internacional frente a la producción de vacunas y las campañas de vacunación desde su implementación hasta la erradicación de la enfermedad.
A pandemia nas lives semanais: o uso de atenuadores na retórica anticrise de Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Moraes Alexandre Santos de , Silva Daniel Pinha
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo examina os discursos de Jair Bolsonaro nos primeiros meses da pandemia de coronavírus no Brasil postos a público no programa Live da Semana, protagonizado pelo presidente em seu canal do YouTube. Argumentamos que o tratamento discursivo empregado por Bolsonaro à epidemia foi francamente amparado no uso de procedimentos atenuadores, estratégia retórica que busca controlar os efeitos de sentido dos atos de linguagem, imprimindo tons menos peremptórios a alguma asserção potencialmente ameaçadora. Nesse espaço de enunciação, projetado para interlocutores com quem ele compartilha uma identidade ideológica, Bolsonaro intensifica laços político-afetivos de intimidade capazes de minimizar e normalizar o contágio e as mortes ocorridas pela pandemia, isentando o governo federal de responsabilidade.
“Alistando-se no invencível exército da página impressa” - Cultura impressa adventista no Brasil no século XX
Authors: Bellotti Karina Kosicki
Published: December 2021

RESUMO A mídia impressa foi fundamental para a expansão da Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia, por isso, refletimos sobre as representações acerca da cultura impressa, que destacaram seus poderes de influência, instrução e evangelização, com auxílio do colportor. Partimos de referenciais teóricos sobre cultura impressa religiosa e representação para analisar a importância conferida pela igreja aos impressos e aos colportores no século XX. O estudo aponta para a noção de um potencial transformador da “boa” cultura impressa religiosa, como antídoto para a mídia secular supostamente propagadora de pecados.
Um engenho fortaleza: terra, política e herança no rio Capim - PA, segunda metade do século XIX
Authors: Farias William Gaia
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O estudo procura reconstruir as relações entre poder político, prestígio social e patrimônio de donos de engenho de açúcar e arroz, na região do rio Capim, partindo da atuação de dois integrantes da família Chermont de Miranda nas querelas políticas. Com o objetivo de compreender o exercício do poder dos proprietários de engenhos, a pesquisa também procurou reconstruir a presença de proprietários de terras na região, principalmente no que se refere às ações relacionadas a outros engenhos, embora o foco da análise recaia no engenho Aproaga, muitas vezes noticiado pela imprensa como uma espécie de fortaleza que servia de moradia, prisão, local de tortura e hospedagem.
O uso do Sistema de Frequência Modulada por crianças e adolescentes atendidos em serviço de saúde auditiva
Authors: Saltiél Débora Ruttke von , Teixeira Adriane Ribeiro , Costa Sady Selaimen da
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o uso e os motivos para o não uso do Sistema de Frequência Modulada (FM) por crianças e adolescentes com perda auditiva e usuários de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) e/ou com implante coclear (IC). Métodos Foi aplicado um questionário em forma de entrevista, por meio de contato telefônico. As questões foram retiradas do questionário FM Listening Evaluation for Children, traduzido e adaptado para a língua portuguesa por Jacob et al. (2010) e denominado Avaliação do Sistema FM, bem como outras três perguntas elaboradas pelos pesquisadores. Resultados Foram entrevistados 87 pais/responsáveis, verificando-se que o sistema FM era utilizadopor menos da metade da amostra. Quanto à mediana de uso de horas diárias do sistema, observou-se diferença nos pacientes com FM no IC, que usavam o dispositivo por maior número de horas diárias, do que os usuários de AASI. Igualmente apresentou diferença estatística o principal motivo para onão uso, relacionado ao fato de os pacientes terem recebido novos AASI e/ou IC incompatíveis com a tecnologia obtida anteriormente. Ainda, os entrevistados gostariam que lhes fossem fornecidas melhores orientações. Conclusão a maior parte dos pacientes não utiliza o sistema FM, sendo o principal motivo o uso de novos AASI e/ou IC. Os pacientes com IC usam o FM de forma mais efetiva (diariamente).
Desempenho em vocabulário receptivo e variáveis sociodemográficas em escolares com queixa de dificuldades de aprendizagem
Authors: Alcantara Hellen França , Azevedo Anna Irenne de Lima , Messias Bárbara Louise Costa , Medeiros Ana Carolina Dantas de , Barbosa Alexandre Lucas de Araújo , Azoni Cíntia Alves Salgado
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever e relacionar o desempenho do vocabulário receptivo em escolares com dificuldades de aprendizagem de diferentes gêneros, escolaridades e níveis socioeconômicos. Métodos Estudo documental, entre 2017 e 2019, considerando os dados demográficos gênero, escolaridade e nível socioeconômico da família. Os prontuários incluídos foram aqueles com avaliação fonoaudiológica completa. Para verificar o nível socioeconômico da família, foi utilizado o questionário da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa - ABEP e, para a habilidade do vocabulário receptivo, o Teste de Vocabulário por Figuras USP - TVfusp 139o. Nesse teste, o desempenho em vocabulário é classificado como “muito rebaixado”, “rebaixado”, “médio”, “elevado” e “muito elevado”. Para o critério de classificação apresentar-se na média, o escore de acertos por escolaridade é de 105,8 para o 2º ano, 112,8 para o 3º ano e 117,4 para o 4º ano. Resultados Dos 46 participantes da amostra, 31 (67,4%) eram do gênero masculino e 15 (32,6%) do feminino, com predomínio de estudantes no 4º ano (34,80%) e classe socioeconômica entre os níveis B2 e D-E. Na avaliação do vocabulário, 28 (60%) participantes obtiveram classificação média. Houve correlação entre a escolaridade e o desempenho em vocabulário receptivo (p=0,008) e entre a idade e o desempenho em vocabulário receptivo (p=0,007). Conclusão O desempenho em vocabulário receptivo avançou com a idade e a escolaridade, porém, não houve influência do nível socioeconômico.
Terapia vocal no contexto da Telefonoaudiologia em pacientes disfônicos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Queiroz Mariana Rebeka Gomes , Pernambuco Leandro Araújo , Leão Rebeca Lins de Souza , Lucena Jonia Alves
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Objetivos Descrever as características da terapia vocal por meio da Telefonoaudiologia com pacientes disfônicos. Estratégia de pesquisa A pesquisa foi baseada na metodologia PCC (População/Conceito/Contexto) e envolveu a elaboração da questão a ser investigada, localização e seleção de estudos, extração de dados e avaliação crítica dos trabalhos, segundo protocolo Joanna Briggs. A busca dos estudos foi realizada nas bases BVS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus e Embase, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, por meio dos descritores do DeCS, MeSH e Emtree, entre os operadores booleanos. Critérios de seleção foram incluídos estudos originais, sem limite de ano de publicação, que envolvessem o atendimento à população disfônica, por Telefonoaudiologia. Foram excluídas as publicações repetidas nas bases de dados. Resultados Foram encontrados 5.740 estudos, dos quais apenas quatro artigos foram incluídos após os critérios de elegibilidade. As publicações foram registradas entre 2015 e 2020, com maior número nos Estados Unidos da América. A maioria dos trabalhos foi realizada com mulheres idosas. A intervenção apresentou variações quanto ao método de funcionamento, segurança de dados, número, frequência e duração de sessões, além de exercícios terapêuticos. Ademais, foram apontadas melhorias em diversos parâmetros vocais avaliados nos estudos. Conclusão A Telefonoaudiologia junto a pacientes disfônicos é voltada para diferentes públicos com etiologias vocais diversas. Além disso, há diferentes metodologias empregadas para o atendimento em voz à distância, com resultados positivos relacionados aos parâmetros vocais, bem como satisfação do paciente quanto ao tratamento realizado nesse formato.
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IS ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION
Authors: CUNHA Luciana Rodrigues da , CASTRO Maria Carolina Magalhães de , DUARTE Gabriela Silva , NASCIMENTO Graziela Cançado e , ROCHA Gifone Aguiar , SILVA Luciana Diniz
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is commonly reported in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, the factors behind the co-occurrence of these conditions have not been completely clarified yet. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the frequency of mental disorders in CHC patients and to investigate variables associated with MDD. METHODS: CHC patients (n=151) attending a referral Centre for hepatitis were evaluated using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatry Interview and the Cut-Annoyed-Guilty-Eye (CAGE) Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate independent covariates associated with current MDD. RESULTS: Seventy-six (50.3%) patients had, at least, one current psychiatric diagnosis with MDD (33.1%) being the most common. Current MDD was independently associated with age (≤50 yr.) (OR=2.57; 95%CI=1.25-5.29; P=0.01) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=2.80, 95%CI=1.17-6.70; P=0.02). Cirrhosis was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=5.09; 95%CI=1.73-15.04; P=0.03) and current alcohol abuse/dependence (OR=2.54; 95%CI=1.04-6.22; P=0.04). DISCUSSION: MDD is associated with type 2 diabetes in CHC patients. Even in the direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) era, characterized by great perspectives for the first ample cure of a chronic viral infection, we should ensure that the screening for psychiatric disorders takes place in the course of routine clinical care of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus.
DIFFICULT BILIARY CANNULATION: SHOULD WE ALWAYS TRY A SECOND ERCP AFTER A FAILED NEEDLE-KNIFE FISTULOTOMY?
Authors: FLUMIGNAN Victor Kalil , SEIKE Marina Garcia , SOUZA Victória Soares de , CIRQUEIRA Matheus Iguera , SILVA Ana Beatriz , ARTIFON Everson Luiz de Almeida
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A successful bile duct cannulation is a prerequisite for the realization of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). When biliary cannulation is not possible, needle-knife fistulotomy (NKF) can be performed. However, when biliary access is not successfully achieved even after performing NKF, it is possible to interrupt the procedure, and repeat the ERCP after a short interval. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze if repeating an ERCP after a short interval of 48 hours is effective in achieving biliary access after an initial NKF was unsuccessfully performed. METHODS: A total of 1024 patients with a naive papilla, that underwent ERCP between the years of 2009-2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Difficult biliary cannulation was identified in 238 of these cases and NKF was performed. Success of biliary cannulation, NKF success at the first and second ERCPs, the associations between the type of the papilla, biliary dilatation, and overall success of NKF and adverse events rates were evaluated. RESULTS: Biliary access was initially achieved in 183 (76.8%) cases. Of the 55 (23.1%) remaining cases a second attempt was performed after 48 hours, and biliary access was successfully achieved in 46 (83.6%) of them. The overall success of NKF after the first and second ERCP, the success rate was 96.2%. Papilla located out of its normal position was related to a minor chance of success at NKF (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that when biliary access is not achieved after the performance of a NKF, a second attempt is safe and effective and should be attempted.
MANAGEMENT OF ILEOCECAL CROHN’S DISEASE DURING SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR ACUTE APPENDICITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: QUARESMA Abel Botelho , MIRANDA Eron Fabio , KOTZE Paulo Gustavo
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND In many patients, the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (CD) is made during surgery for appendicitis in urgent settings. Intraoperative diagnosis can be challenging in certain cases, especially for less experienced surgeons. OBJECTIVE: Review of the literature searching for scientific evidence that can guide surgeons through optimal management of ileocecal CD found incidentally in surgery for acute appendicitis (AA). METHODS: Included studies were identified by electronic search in the PubMed database according to the Preferred Items of Reports for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality and bias assessments were performed by Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria for non-randomized studies. RESULTS: A total of 313 studies were initially identified, six of which were selected (all retrospective) for qualitative assessment (two studies were comparative and four only descriptive case series). Four studies identified a high rate of complications when appendectomy or ileocolectomy were performed and in only one, there was no increased risk of postoperative complications with appendectomy. In the sixth study, diarrhea, previous abdominal pain, preoperative anemia and thrombocytopenia were independent predictors for CD in patients previously operated for suspected AA. CONCLUSION: Despite the paucity of data and low quality of evidence, a macroscopically normal appendix should be preserved in the absence of complicated disease when CD is suspected in surgery for AA. Ileocecal resections should be reserved for complicated disease (inflammatory mass, ischemia, perforation or obstruction). Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these claims.
Em busca dos contos de fadas na contemporaneidade
Authors: Rosa Junior Paulo Ailton Ferreira da , Thies Vania Grim
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo tem o objetivo de explicitar como alguns elementos das narrativas literárias conhecidas como contos de fadas continuam circulando entre os jovens leitores. Para tal, a metodologia utilizada foi baseada no grupo focal, no qual um conjunto de adolescentes em idade escolar foi reunido para debater o tema “contos de fadas” a partir de suas impressões pessoais e conhecimentos prévios. Foi possível verificar que elementos dos contos de fadas continuam presentes em séries, filmes e livros populares entre eles, mas que há distanciamento dos textos clássicos do gênero. Assim, o trabalho traz contribuições para a Educação ao elucidar o estado da permanência do gênero contos de fadas nas práticas correntes de leitura e consumo cultural do grupo de jovens leitores pesquisado.
Percepção da transparência no ensino superior: um olhar além dos aspectos legais
Authors: Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Visentini Monize Sâmara , Pegoraro Daniela
Published: December 2021

O objetivo principal do estudo é o de avaliar como as partes interessadas de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) percebem, para além dos aspectos legais, as práticas de transparência que nela estão sendo aplicadas, considerando as características das informações divulgadas, bem como da transparência em si. Também são avaliadas as percepções dos usuários dos canais de atendimento ao cidadão, como e-sic e ouvidoria, quanto às características das informações e da resposta recebidas. Uma metodologia de avaliação (índices) dessas três dimensões de percepção (informações, transparência da instituição e resposta recebida) é desenvolvida e testada com 1070 stakeholders da IES, por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado, validado por especialistas. Os resultados para o Índice de Percepção da Informação indicam que a instituição apresenta informações adequadas e o Índice de Percepção da Transparência permitiu a classificação da instituição no nível bom. Quanto à percepção das respostas recebidas, uma parcela dos usuários não obteve a resposta esperada (solicitação atendida no prazo), mas, no geral, a maioria percebe a resposta recebida como adequada. Conclui-se que, de maneira geral, a IES investigada tem uma boa avaliação da transparência por parte de seus stakeholders. O instrumento e a metodologia desenvolvidos neste estudo podem ser aplicados em diferentes instituições para a avaliação da transparência.
Contribuições e adaptação da matriz canadense para mensuração do retorno do investimento em pesquisa em saúde no âmbito da pós-graduação da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Authors: Bonfim Marilyn , Araujo-Jorge Tania
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta a adaptação da matriz e indicadores para mensuração do retorno de investimento em pesquisa em saúde, para avaliação de um programa de indução à pesquisa, no âmbito de 16 cursos de doutorado da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, uma das ações do Plano Brasil Sem Miséria. A matriz canadense se mostrou adequada para avaliação dos resultados do programa, em virtude dos atributos como flexibilidade, amplitude e profundidade, contemplando abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas. Para adaptação, foram consideradas as cinco dimensões avaliativas, bem como seus indicadores e métricas, critérios como validade, relevância, disponibilidade, custo e tempo de coleta de dados, orientaram a adaptação ao contexto brasileiro e ao objeto de estudo. Como resultado apresenta-se a matriz adaptada, os indicadores, assim como a fonte de coleta de dados e forma de análise dos dados. Ressalta-se a relevância deste estudo como contribuição à crescente demanda acadêmica e da sociedade civil por avaliação do investimento de recursos públicos em pesquisa.
A internacionalização na política científica brasileira e seus impactos para os programas de pós-graduação
Authors: Costa Joyce Pereira da , Costa Ana Ludmila Freire , Yamamoto Oswaldo Hajime
Published: December 2021

A investigação objetivou identificar as concepções e os direcionamentos conferidos à internacionalização da pós-graduação pela política científica brasileira. Analisamos o conteúdo de 10 documentos da política científica brasileira que apresentam as principais diretrizes para o desenvolvimento do setor. Verificamos que a internacionalização é abordada como meio que aparece predominantemente direcionada ao mercado, como sinônimo de qualidade e serve de instrumento de exclusão aos financiamentos por parte dos programas de pós-graduação (PPGs). Tais pontos impactam o desenvolvimento dos PPGs e da ciência aí produzida, limitando sua potencialidade de contribuir para responder às reais necessidades de toda a população. Diante disso, argumentamos que qualquer tentativa de internacionalização que contribua para o desenvolvimento científico e social exige um reposicionamento global quanto ao papel social da ciência que esteja alinhado a uma perspectiva de transformação social.
Global analysis of DEF damage to concretes with and without fly-ash
Authors: Hasparyk Nicole Pagan , Schovanz Dioice , Tiecher Francieli , Kuperman Selmo Chapira
Published: December 2021

Abstract Delayed Ettringite formation (DEF) is an internal expansive reaction that can damage concrete. DEF is strongly influenced by the temperature, above about 60-65°C, and other factors involving cement chemistry especially, but also its physical characteristics. The exposure environment over time also promotes a condition to increase deterioration from DEF. Expansions results from secondary ettringite formation are progressive and can lead concrete to microcracking impacting its performance and durability over time. Several concrete structures are pointed to be severely attacked by DEF, and test method as well a better comprehension on this pathology is necessary to promote specific and proper preventive measures to avoid future damages. Furthermore, compared to alkali-silica reaction, DEF occurs more readily and aggressively, and sometimes prematurely, depending on several factors, such as type of cement, concrete mix design, exposure conditions, among others. This paper involves an overall analysis of the behavior of concretes with two types of Portland cements (High early-strength cement and a Portland pozzolanic cement, with fly-ash) in relation to DEF process. Several data from a laboratory study where DEF was induced through a specific thermal curing procedure are presented and discussed. The analyses involved the assessment of physical, mechanical, and expansive properties besides microstructural monitoring of samples from concretes over time. These experiments allowed detecting high values of expansions from DEF (up to 1.2%) in the concrete without fly ash. The mechanical properties were severely impacted from this deleterious process; as expansions increased, losses in the mechanic and elastic properties were verified. Expansion levels in the order of 0.5% prompted remarkably high reductions and, at about 1% the losses were relevant for both strengths (tensile and compressive) and modulus of elasticity, of 60% and 80%, respectively, in the presence of cement without fly-ash. Concrete microstructure has indicated massive formations of ettringite as well as micro-cracking and the fragility of the cement matrix because of DEF. On the other hand, expansion up to 0.2% did not promote important negative effects on the properties of concrete, especially with the pozzolanic cement tested. Furthermore, an overall approach with several correlations between physical and mechanical properties was taken to obtain different levels of deterioration for a concrete presenting DEF.
Detection of Trypanosoma vivax in tissues of experimentally infected goats: what is the role of adipose tissue in the life cycle of this protozoon?
Authors: Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Castilho Neto Kayo José Garcia de Almeida , Gonçalves Luiz Ricardo , Machado Gisele Fabrino , Luvizotto Maria Cecília Rui , Vasconcelos Rosemeri de Oliveira , Jussiani Giulia , Silva Thiago Merighi Vieira da , Gimenes Lindsay Unno , Jackson Andrew , Wright Gavin , Teixeira Marta Maria Geraldes
Published: December 2021

Abstract Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma vivax, is responsible for great economic losses among livestock in Africa and South America. During the life cycle of these parasites, they may present different morphological, metabolic and physiological characteristics depending on the interactions that are encountered at each point of their life cycle. Although T. vivax is frequently reported in the circulation of its mammalian hosts, it has the ability to migrate to the tissues of these individuals. However, this characteristic is poorly understood. In this context, we aimed to investigate the presence of T. vivax and the changes caused in different tissues of experimentally infected goats. Despite the animals were not perfused before tissues collection, using different approaches, we demonstrated its presence in different samples, including in the adipose tissue and skin of infected animals. In addition, a mononuclear inflammatory reaction, mostly characterized by an infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages were observed. The results highlight the possibility that, like other trypanosomatids, T. vivax may use these tissues during its life cycle. Future studies aiming to elucidate the length of time for which T. vivax remains active in these sites, and whether it uses these sites as a refuge from trypanocidal drugs, and whether it is capable of recolonizing the blood circulation, are much needed.
Nanomateriais Plasmônicos: Parte III
Authors: Teixeira Wanderson  S. R. , Paiva Ronald de Souza , Leite Arthur Coimbra , Correa Julia de Souza , Moreira Mateus Perissé , Grasseschi Daniel
Published: December 2021

Em complemento à série de artigos relacionada a nanopartículas metálicas aplicadas em plasmônica, o objetivo desta revisão é transcorrer sobre os principais fatores que influenciam no processo de obtenção desse tipo de material. Dessa forma, o artigo se divide em duas partes principais: 1) Mecanismo, em que é dado uma ideia geral a respeito da evolução dos conceitos envolvidos nas etapas de nucleação e crescimento de nanopartículas metálicas, assim como, uma discussão sobre os parâmetros que favorecem o controle da reação por via cinética ou termodinâmica. Adicionalmente, as principais estratégias utilizadas para controle de composição e forma, além de uma breve explanação sobre a química da superfície dos produtos obtidos também são apresentadas. 2) Síntese, nesta seção são demonstradas as principais metodologias para a obtenção de nanopartículas metálicas em escala laboratorial, sendo elas, as em batelada e por via eletroquímica, além da discussão sobre os métodos em fluxo, que, acredita-se ser a estratégia mais eficiente e viável para a obtenção de nanopartículas em larga escala.
Mechanical properties of high-performance concrete under triaxial compression
Authors: Ke Xiaojun , Fu Weishu , Chen Zongping
Published: December 2021

It is well known that the mechanical properties of a material are related to lateral confinement. In this paper, 60 cylindrical high-performance concrete (HPC) specimens with different concrete strength grades were cast and subjected to a conventional triaxial experiment to study the mechanical properties of the material. The experimental results indicated that the specimens exhibited longitudinal splitting failure patterns under uniaxial compression and inclined plane shear failure patterns under triaxial compression. The stress–strain curves were divided into three stages: an elastic rising stage, a plastic rising stage and a softening descending stage. The application of lateral confining pressure effectively increased the triaxial compressive strength. As the concrete strength increased, the descending stage of the stress–strain curves became steeper, indicating an increase in brittleness. Based on the experimental results, the failure criterion of the HPC was analysed using the Drucker–Prager yield criterion and Kotsovos failure theory. The parameters of the Drucker–Prager yield criterion were determined, and the applicable range of the Kotsovos failure theory was also obtained.
The impact of Turkish on the English language – An overview of borrowing in the manifold lexical domains influenced by Turkish over the centuries
Authors: Landmann Julia
Published: December 2021

The present article sets out to shed light on the Turkish influence on the English vocabulary over the centuries. The results provided by this study rely on a close analysis of a comprehensive lexicographical sample of Turkish borrowings listed in the Oxford English Dictionary Online. This study will provide an overview of the diversity of subject areas and spheres of life influenced by Turkish down the ages, which has as yet been considered little in existing investigations. On the basis of their meanings, the various Turkish-derived items have been grouped into several different semantic domains, ranging from the natural sciences, gastronomy, people and everyday life to faith and religion. A number of typical examples of borrowings will be given, in order to illustrate the impact of Turkish on the English lexicon from a historical point of view.
Figurative language in talking about the loss of a father. The example of Americans and Poles
Authors: Midor Kamila
Published: December 2021

The subject of this paper is loss and grief described by different people from two language groups: Americans and Poles. The analyzed data comes from the responses to two online questionnaires, and belongs to a larger PhD research project. In looking for examples of conceptual metaphors (Lakoff and Johnson 1980, Kövecses 2005) and conceptual blends (Fauconnier and Turner 1996, Dancygier and Sweetser 2014), we present various cases of conceptualization of loss and grief. Given the limited size of this paper, we selected examples referring to loss of a father. The aim is to compare different ways of talking about apparently the same type of loss, highlighting the fact that grief is very subjective and personal. It is also a way to present differences and a variety in viewpoint when talking about this type of loss.
YEŞİL SERTİFİKALI LİMANLARIN PERFORMANSININ ENTEGRE ENTROPİ-TOPSIS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKANDERE Gökhan
Published: December 2021

Küresel deniz ticaretinin önemli bir lojistik düğüm noktası olan limanlar, artan çevre kirliliğinin ve enerji tüketiminin ana kaynaklarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle limanların çevresel ve operasyonel olarak performanslarının değerlendirilmesi konusu oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, entegre Entropy-TOPSIS yöntemini kullanarak yeşil sertifikalı limanların performansını çevresel ve operasyonel kriterlerle değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla, Entropi-TOPSIS yöntemi ile yeşil sertifikalı limanların sıralaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, operasyonel süreçlerde elektrik ve LNG gibi çevre dostu enerji kullanımı sonucunda düşük emisyon üreten limanların performans değerlendirmesinde daha başarılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca terminal sahası ve sahip oldukları elleçleme ekipmanı sayısı açısından daha fazla konteyner elleçleyen limanların daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Hükümet ve idari organların destek ve teşvikleri, liman alanının doğal çevresinin kalitesinin artırılması, geri dönüşüm ve yeniden kullanma gibi sürdürülebilir kalkınma sağlayabilecek uygulamalar, gemilerin limanla bağlantı kurması sırasında Alternatif Deniz Gücü (AMP) teknolojisi kullanılması, çevreci enerjiyle çalışan taşıma araçları, gemi ve sahil vinçleri kullanılması limanların performansını artıracaktır.
A NOVEL METHOD FOR SELECTING THE OPTIMAL EDM PROCESS FOR HASTELLOY B2 USING THE MODIFIED-ADDITIVE RATIO ASSESSMENT METHOD (M-ARAS) BASED ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM (ANFIS)
Authors: Narasimmalu Ramasubbu , Sundaresan Ramabalan
Published: December 2021

Electrode wear and metal removal exhibited nonlinear behavior in the Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of Hastelloy B2 plate. Hence, mathematical modeling was used to solve this problem. The hole size, pulse duration, duty cycle, and current were selected as inputs. Squareness and taper angle were considered as responses. Therefore, the Modified-Additive Ratio Assessment Method (M-ARAS) based Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) method was used to find the optimum EDM process parameters. The overall analysis showed that the M-ARAS-based ANFIS algorithm provided a good fit for optimization of the process parameters and could be used for further multi-objective optimization problems.
HOT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR AND PROCESSING MAP OF A Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr ALLOY
Authors: Yan Zhaoming , Zhu Jiaxuan , Zhang Zhimin , Wang Qiang , Xue Yong
Published: December 2021

Compression tests of a Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy were carried out on a Gleeble-1500D thermo-mechanical simulator within a temperature range of 420–500 °C and strain rate of 0.001–5 s–1 so that the corresponding flow behavior was investigated. The Zener-Hollomon parameter Z was used in a hyperbolic-sine-type equation to express the relationships between the peak stress, deformation temperature and strain rate. Work hardening, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization were the main characteristics affecting the plastic-deformation behaviors. The activation energy Q was calculated to be 208.2 kJ/mol and processing maps at strains of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 were generated based on a dynamic material model. The optimum processing parameters were obtained with a power-dissipation analysis.
The INFLUENCE OF THE HOT-ROLLING TECHNIQUE FOR EN AW-8021B ALUMINIUM ALLOY ON THE MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF A COLD-ROLLED FOIL
Authors: Kraner Jakob , Smolar Tomaž , Volšak Darja , Lažeta Marjana , Skrbinek Robert , Fridrih Damijan , Cvahte Peter , Godec Matjaž , Paulin Irena
Published: December 2021

In the whole manufacturing chain of aluminium products, hot rolling significantly impacts the obtaining of favourable microstructures and desired mechanical properties of final products. The determination of crucial differences between the reverse hot rolling on a single-stand mill and the tandem hot rolling on a tandem-stand mill presented a major challenge. Besides the grain-size distribution in the microstructure’s cross-section, the crystallographic textures of hot-rolled strips were also determined and compared. The alternating band areas of a coarse-grained microstructure and fine-grained microstructure due to reverse hot rolling and, especially, the appearance of extremely fine grains on the surfaces present limitations compared to the tandem hot rolling. For subsequently cold-rolled foils, classical mechanical properties were measured. Besides, the usefulness of EN AW-8021B foils with a thickness of 60 µm for pharmaceutical-packaging applications was tested with a burst test. A minor but important difference of 1 % in the elongation is shown for the convex height increased by 1 mm.
EFFECT OF DIFFRENT LOADS ON THE WEAR BEHAVIORS OF 5Cr5Mo2V STEEL AT 700 °C
Authors: Bai Zhixiong , Yang Hang , Su Ning , Wu Xiaochun
Published: December 2021

The effect of different loads on the high-temperature wear behavior of 5Cr5Mo2V steel at 700 °C was investigated. Wear morphologies, oxide compositions and matrix evolution were studied. The results showed that the wear rate increased with an increased test load, and the wear mechanism transformed from abrasive-oxidative wear to adhesive-oxidative wear. The relation between a delaminated oxide layer and cracks in the matrix were investigated. The exfoliation of carbides and displacement difference between the matrix and carbides caused a crack initiation. The wear rate strongly related to carbides, and coarse M6C carbides with poor holding power led to a high wear rate. Besides, a diagram of wear characteristics under different loads was suggested in this work.
Relationship of Internet-Dependent Behavior, Intellectual Development and Cultural Congruence in Primary School Children
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Leonov S.V. , Yakushina A.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Polikanova I.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Klimenko V.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russian Federation); Tomsk State University
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of our study was to examine the connection between the Internet addiction in junior school children and their intellectual development and cultural congruence. The study involved 92 schoolchildren from Moscow aged from 9 to 10 years. Our hypothesis was that intellectual abilities of schoolchildren would be related to their cultural congruence, as well as to their Internet dependent behavior. The following methods were used to test the hypothesis: Raven Progressive Matrices, the children's version of Personality Factor Questionnaire by R. Cattell, Chen Internet Addiction Scale, Methodology of determining the cultural congruence of a junior school child by Bayanova and co-authors. The results demonstrated that schoolchildren with good intellectual abilities are highly likely to demonstrate high rates of cultural congruence. At the same time, the study found no statistically significant differences in intellectual development between children with propensity to Internet addiction and children with any Internet addiction. At the same time, it identified significant features in behavior of children prone to online addiction. The behavior of such children is often manifested in demonstrating violations of the regulatory situation at school, as well as in displaying non-congruent behavior; in particular, such children are more likely to tell lies, do not listen to teachers, are late for classes, skip classes, and fight. Besides, such students are characterized by more pronounced impulsiveness and motor retardation, aggressive assertion of their position, self-confidence, and leadership qualities. The school environment is characterized by normative rules and procedures, so children are not always able to realize their motives and desires openly. Thus, we can conclude that more impulsive and motorized children, who are also characterized by displaying aggressive behaviors, will be more likely to be characterized by a tendency to Internet dependent behaviors, because it allows them to express their desires and intentions, which often cannot be realized in a strictly regulated school environment. In this way, our research has demonstrated that high intellectual abilities of junior school children are significantly related to their cultural congruence. In addition, their propensity for Internet addiction can be a factor contributing to non-congruent behavior among children aged 9–10 years.
What is the Sense of Life, and How Can We Study It? Review of the monograph: Sources of the sense of life. A new method of personality psychodiagnostics, by K.V Karpinskij
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Mazilov V.A.
Published: December 2021

The article is a review of the book "Sources of the meaning of life: a new method of personality psychodiagnostics" by the Belarusian psychologist K.V. Karpinskij. It is argued that the meaning of life became the subject of special psychological research only in the 20th century. In recent years, there have been many breakthroughs in this area, and undoubted progress is visible. There was a transition to the interpretation of the meaning of life as a systemic, that means, in other words, multicomponent and multilevel mental education. In his previous works K.V. Karpinskij subjected the problem of the psychology of the meaning of life to a comprehensive analysis. This book has no analogues among the observable thematic literature and contains new theoretical ideas, original methodological solutions and rich factual material, which together form a new look at the key methodological issues of the psychology of the meaning of life. First of all, this is a question about the subject and method of research. Despite the fact that the study of the psychology of the meaning of life is largely represented in foreign psychology, the author of the monograph consistently adheres to the methodology of Russian psychology. The book offers the author's methodology "Sources of the meaning of life", which was created with a full understanding of the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and limitations of existing foreign analogues. Being a diagnostic complex in its composition, this technique has incorporated proven diagnostic techniques, as well as completely new techniques for studying the meaning of life. The methodology clearly surpasses the existing tools in its diagnostic (research) capabilities.
ON THE JOINT APPLICATION OF THE COLLOCATION BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD AND THE FOURIER METHOD FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF HEAT CONDUCTION IN FINITE CYLINDERS WITH SMOOTH DIRECTRICES
Authors:   Moscow State University of Railway Engeneering (MIIT), Ivanov D.Y.
Published: December 2021

Here we consider the initial-boundary value problems in a homogeneous cylindrical domain YI Ω ×+ ( Ω+ is an open two-dimensional bounded simply connected domain with a boundary 5 ∂Ω ∈C , 2 \ Ω≡ Ω − + R is the open exterior of the domain Ω+ , [0, ] YI ≡ Y is the height of the cylinder) on a time interval [0, ] TI ≡ T . The initial conditions and the boundary conditions on the bases of the cylinder are zero, and the boundary conditions on the lateral surface of the cylinder are given by the function 1 2 wx x yt ( , , ,) ( 1 2 (, ) x x ∈∂Ω , Y y ∈ I , T t I ∈ ). An approximate solution of such problems is obtained through the combined use of the Fourier method and the collocation boundary element method based on piecewise quadratic interpolation (PQI). The solution to the problem in the cylinder is expanded in a Fourier series in terms of eigenfunctions of the operator 2 By yy ≡ ∂ with the corresponding zero boundary conditions. The coefficients of such a Fourier series are solutions of problems for two-dimensional heat equations 2 2 t ∇ =∂ + u u ku . With a low smoothness of the functions w in the variable y, the weight of solutions at large values of k increases and the accuracy of solving the problem in the cylinder decreases. To maintain accuracy on a uniform grid, the step of discretization of the boundary function w with respect to the variable y is decreased by a factor of j. Here j is an averaged value of the quantity Y k π depending on the function w. In addition, the steps of discretization of functions ( ) 2 exp − τ k with respect to the variable τ in domains τ≤πT k are reduced by a factor of 2 2 k π . The steps in the remaining ranges of values τ and the steps by the other variables remain unchanged. The approximate solutions obtained on the basis of this procedure converge stably to exact solutions in the 2 ( ) LI I Y T × -norm with a cubic velocity uniformly with respect to sets of functions w, bounded by norm of functions with low smoothness in the variable y, uniformly along the length of the generatrix of the cylinder Y , and uniformly in the domain Ω . The latter is also associated with the use of PQI along the curve ∂Ω over the variable 2 2 ρ≡ − r d , which is carried out at small values of r ( d and r are the distances from the observed point of the domain Ω to the boundary ∂Ω and to the current point of integration along ∂Ω , respectively). The theoretical conclusions are confirmed by the results of the numerical solution of the problem in a circular cylinder, where the dependence of the boundary functions w on y is given by the normalized eigenfunctions of the differential operator By which vary in a sufficiently large range of values of k .