bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-Color White Photoluminescence Emission Using Perovskite Nanoplatelets and Organic Emitter
Authors: Kwon Hyukmin , Park Sunwoo , Kang Seokwoo , Lee Hayoon , Park Jongwook
Published: June 2022

Three organic blue-light-emitting tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivatives that exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) were used as additives in the preparation of inorganic perovskite-structured green-light-emitting materials for three-color white-light emission. For these organic–inorganic light-emitting materials, two-color (blue and green) light-emitting films based on the CsPbBr3 perovskite-structured green-light-emitting inorganic material were prepared. The three TPE derivatives were prepared by varying the number of bromide groups, and a distinct AIE effect was confirmed when the derivatives were dissolved in a water–tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent containing 90 vol% water. When 0.2 molar ratio of the 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)ethylene (TeBrTPE) additive was mixed with nanocrystal-pinning toluene solvent, the green-light-emission photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQY) value at 535 nm was 47 times greater than that of the pure bulk CsPbBr3 without additives and a blue emission at 475 nm was observed from the TeBrTPE itself. When a CBP:Ir(piq)3 film was prepared on top of this layer, three PL peaks with maximum wavelength values of 470, 535, and 613 nm were confirmed. The film exhibited white-light emission with CIE color coordinates of (0.25, 0.36).
Changes in Brain Electrical Activity after Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats
Authors: Sysoev Yuriy I. , Prikhodko Veronika A. , Kan Aleksandra V. , Titovich Irina A. , Karev Vadim E. , Okovityi Sergey V.
Published: June 2022

Objectives. Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. To search for new therapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic strategies, numerous models of this disease have been proposed, the most popular being transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Behavioral and sensorimotor testing, biochemical, and histological methods are traditionally used in conjunction with this model to assess the effectiveness of potential treatment options. Despite its wide overall popularity, electroencephalography/electrocorticography is quite rarely used in such studies. Materials and methods. In the present work, we explored the changes in brain electrical activity at days 3 and 7 after 30- and 45-min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Results. Cerebral ischemia altered the amplitude and spectral electrocorticogram characteristics, and led to a reorganization of inter- and intrahemispheric functional connections. Ischemia duration affected the severity as well as the nature of the observed changes. Conclusions. The dynamics of changes in brain electrical activity may indicate a spontaneous partial recovery of impaired cerebral functions at post-surgery day 7. Our results suggest that electrocorticography can be used successfully to assess the functional status of the brain following ischemic stroke in rats as well as to investigate the dynamics of functional recovery.
Home Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Authors: Bering Jamie , DiBaise John K.
Published: June 2022

While the history of nutrition support dates to the ancient world, modern home parenteral and enteral nutrition (HPEN) has been available since the 1960s. Home enteral nutrition is primarily for patients in whom there is a reduction in oral intake below the amount needed to maintain nutrition or hydration (i.e., oral failure), whereas home parenteral nutrition is used for patients when oral-enteral nutrition is temporarily or permanently impossible or absorption insufficient to maintain nutrition or hydration (i.e., intestinal failure). The development of home delivery of these therapies has revolutionized the field of clinical nutrition. The use of HPEN appears to be increasing on a global scale, and because of this, it is important for healthcare providers to understand all that HPEN entails to provide safe, efficacious, and cost-effective support to the HPEN patient. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the indications, patient requirements, monitoring, complications, and overall process of managing these therapies at home. Whereas some of the information in this article may be applicable to the pediatric patient, the focus is on the adult population.
Experiences and Perspectives of Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis and Their Families Related to Food Insecurity
Authors: Corbera-Hincapie Montserrat A. , Atteih Samar E. , Stransky Olivia M. , Weiner Daniel J. , Yann Iris M. , Kazmerski Traci M.
Published: June 2022

Food insecurity (FI) rates among people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are significantly higher than in the general US population. This study explored the experiences and perceptions of adults and parents of children with CF surrounding FI. We recruited parents of children with CF ages 0–18 years and adults with CF ages 18 years and older from a large, accredited U.S. CF care center and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Community Voice to participate in a qualitative study using semi-structured telephone interviews to explore experiences and preferences related to food insecurity. Two coders independently reviewed each transcript to apply the codebook and identify any emerging codes using an ongoing, iterative process to identify central themes. We interviewed 20 participants (six adults with CF and 14 parents of children with CF) and identified five major themes: (1) FI in CF is influenced by a variety of factors, ranging from nutritional demands to competing financial barriers; (2) FI impacts CF health outcomes; (3) Open patient-provider communication around FI is vital; (4) FI screening and discussions should be normalized in CF care; (5) Comprehensive FI resources are vital. FI is an important topic that should routinely be addressed with the CF care team to destigmatize and encourage individuals to be more forthcoming about their FI status. Results from this study will inform future larger investigations on the impact of FI on CF health and aid in the design and planning of targeted interventions and advocacy efforts.
Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mode for Atenolol Quantification in Dried Plasma Spots by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Aksenova Liliya V. , Koval Vladimir V. , Chernonosov Alexander A.
Published: June 2022

In this study, we reported a rapid, sensitive, robust, and validated method for atenolol quantification in dried plasma spots (DPS) by liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using parallel reaction monitoring mode (PRM). Aliquots of 25 µL human plasma were placed onto Whatman 903 Cards and air-dried. Disks (3.2 mm internal diameter) were punched, and a 100 µL working internal standard solution was added to each sample and then incubated on a shaker for 15 min at 40 °C, followed by rapid centrifugation (10,000× g, 10 s). The supernatant was transferred into 300 µL vials for subsequent LC–HRMS analysis. After chromatographic separation, atenolol and the internal standard were quantified in positive-ion parallel reaction monitoring mode by detection of all target product ions at 10 ppm tolerances. The total time of the analysis was 5 min. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 5–1000 ng/mL with interday and intraday precision levels and biases of <14.4%, and recovery was 62.9–81.0%. The atenolol in DPS was stable for ≥30 days at 25 and 4 °C. This fully validated method is selective and suitable for atenolol quantitation in DPS using LC–HRMS.
Assessment of Soil Fertility Using Induced Fluorescence and Machine Learning
Authors: Longchamps Louis , Mandal Dipankar , Khosla Raj
Published: June 2022

Techniques such as proximal soil sampling are investigated to increase the sampling density and hence the resolution at which nutrient prescription maps are developed. With the advent of a commercial mobile fluorescence sensor, this study assessed the potential of fluorescence to estimate soil chemical properties and fertilizer recommendations. This experiment was conducted over two years at nine sites on 168 soil samples and used random forest regression to estimate soil properties, fertility classes, and recommended N rates for maize production based on induced fluorescence of air-dried soil samples. Results showed that important soil properties such as soil organic matter, pH, and CEC can be estimated with a correlation of 0.74, 0.75, and 0.75, respectively. When attempting to predict fertility classes, this approach yielded an overall accuracy of 0.54, 0.78, and 0.69 for NO3-N, SOM, and Zn, respectively. The N rate recommendation for maize can be directly estimated by fluorescence readings of the soil with an overall accuracy of 0.78. These results suggest that induced fluorescence is a viable approach for assessing soil fertility. More research is required to transpose these laboratory-acquired soil analysis results to in situ readings successfully.
Degradation Detection in a Redundant Sensor Architecture
Authors: Kajmakovic Amer , Diwold Konrad , Römer Kay , Pestana Jesus , Kajtazovic Nermin
Published: June 2022

Safety-critical automation often requires redundancy to enable reliable system operation. In the context of integrating sensors into such systems, the one-out-of-two (1oo2) sensor architecture is one of the common used methods used to ensure the reliability and traceability of sensor readings. In taking such an approach, readings from two redundant sensors are continuously checked and compared. As soon as the discrepancy between two redundant lines deviates by a certain threshold, the 1oo2 voter (comparator) assumes that there is a fault in the system and immediately activates the safe state. In this work, we propose a novel fault prognosis algorithm based on the discrepancy signal. We analyzed the discrepancy changes in the 1oo2 sensor configuration caused by degradation processes. Several publicly available databases were checked, and the discrepancy between redundant sensors was analyzed. An initial analysis showed that the discrepancy between sensor values changes (increases or decreases) over time. To detect an increase or decrease in discrepancy data, two trend detection methods are suggested, and the evaluation of their performance is presented. Moreover, several models were trained on the discrepancy data. The models were then compared to determine which of the models can be best used to describe the dynamics of the discrepancy changes. In addition, the best-fitting models were used to predict the future behavior of the discrepancy and to detect if, and when, the discrepancy in sensor readings will reach a critical point. Based on the prediction of the failure date, the customer can schedule the maintenance system accordingly and prevent its entry into the safe state—or being shut down.
High-Resolution Hyperspectral Imaging Using Low-Cost Components: Application within Environmental Monitoring Scenarios
Authors: Stuart Mary B. , Davies Matthew , Hobbs Matthew J. , Pering Tom D. , McGonigle Andrew J. S. , Willmott Jon R.
Published: June 2022

High-resolution hyperspectral imaging is becoming indispensable, enabling the precise detection of spectral variations across complex, spatially intricate targets. However, despite these significant benefits, currently available high-resolution set-ups are typically prohibitively expensive, significantly limiting their user base and accessibility. These limitations can have wider implications, limiting data collection opportunities, and therefore our knowledge, across a wide range of environments. In this article we introduce a low-cost alternative to the currently available instrumentation. This instrument provides hyperspectral datasets capable of resolving spectral variations in mm-scale targets, that cannot typically be resolved with many existing low-cost hyperspectral imaging alternatives. Instrument metrology is provided, and its efficacy is demonstrated within a mineralogy-based environmental monitoring application highlighting it as a valuable addition to the field of low-cost hyperspectral imaging.
Green Synthesis of Metal Oxides Semiconductors for Gas Sensing Applications
Authors: Dadkhah Mehran , Tulliani Jean-Marc
Published: June 2022

During recent decades, metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) have sparked more attention in various applications and industries due to their excellent sensing characteristics, thermal stability, abundance, and ease of synthesis. They are reliable and accurate for measuring and monitoring environmentally important toxic gases, such as NO2, NO, N2O, H2S, CO, NH3, CH4, SO2, and CO2. Compared to other sensing technologies, MOS sensors are lightweight, relatively inexpensive, robust, and have high material sensitivity with fast response times. Green nanotechnology is a developing branch of nanotechnology and aims to decrease the negative effects of the production and application of nanomaterials. For this purpose, organic solvents and chemical reagents are not used to prepare metal nanoparticles. On the contrary, the synthesis of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles is done by microorganisms, either from plant extracts or fungi, yeast, algae, and bacteria. Thus, this review aims at illustrating the possible green synthesis of different metal oxides such as ZnO, TiO2, CeO2, SnO2, In2O3, CuO, NiO, WO3, and Fe3O4, as well as metallic nanoparticles doping.
Fast and Efficient Method for Optical Coherence Tomography Images Classification Using Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Ara Rouhollah Kian , Matiolański Andrzej , Dziech Andrzej , Baran Remigiusz , Domin Paweł , Wieczorkiewicz Adam
Published: June 2022

The use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in medical diagnostics is now common. The growing amount of data leads us to propose an automated support system for medical staff. The key part of the system is a classification algorithm developed with modern machine learning techniques. The main contribution is to present a new approach for the classification of eye diseases using the convolutional neural network model. The research concerns the classification of patients on the basis of OCT B-scans into one of four categories: Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV), Drusen, and Normal. Those categories are available in a publicly available dataset of above 84,000 images utilized for the research. After several tested architectures, our 5-layer neural network gives us a promising result. We compared them to the other available solutions which proves the high quality of our algorithm. Equally important for the application of the algorithm is the computational time, which is reduced by the limited size of the model. In addition, the article presents a detailed method of image data augmentation and its impact on the classification results. The results of the experiments were also presented for several derived models of convolutional network architectures that were tested during the research. Improving processes in medical treatment is important. The algorithm cannot replace a doctor but, for example, can be a valuable tool for speeding up the process of diagnosis during screening tests.
An Improved Deep Neural Network Model of Intelligent Vehicle Dynamics via Linear Decreasing Weight Particle Swarm and Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Nie Xiaobo , Min Chuan , Pan Yongjun , Li Zhixiong , Królczyk Grzegorz
Published: June 2022

We propose an improved DNN modeling method based on two optimization algorithms, namely the linear decreasing weight particle swarm optimization (LDWPSO) algorithm and invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm, for predicting vehicle’s longitudinal-lateral responses. The proposed improved method can restrain the solutions of weight matrices and bias matrices from falling into a local optimum while training the DNN model. First, dynamic simulations for a vehicle are performed based on an efficient semirecursive multibody model for real-time data acquisition. Next, the vehicle data are processed and used to train and test the improved DNN model. The vehicle responses, which are obtained from the LDWPSO-DNN and IWO-DNN models, are compared with the DNN and multibody results. The comparative results show that the LDWPSO-DNN and IWO-DNN models predict accurate longitudinal-lateral responses in real-time without falling into a local optimum. The improved DNN model based on optimization algorithms can be employed for real-time simulation and preview control in intelligent vehicles.
An Anti-Turbulence Self-Alignment Method for SINS under Unknown Latitude Conditions
Authors: Jiao Yubing , Li Jie , Ma Xihong , Feng Kaiqiang , Guo Xiaoting , Wei Xiaokai , Feng Yujun , Zhang Chenming , Wang Jingqi
Published: June 2022

For the alignment problem of strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) under the complex environment of unknown latitude, angular oscillation interference, and line interference, the ant colony simulated annealing algorithm of gravity vector optimization is proposed to obtain the gravity apparent motion vector optimization equation, and the polynomial fitting method is proposed to simultaneously perform latitude estimation and self-alignment in combination with the alignment principle of SINS. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed method has more robust anti-interference capability than the traditional interference-based alignment method, the latitude estimation accuracy is improved by six times, the self-alignment yaw angle error RMSE value after obtaining the latitude is within 0.7°, and the roll angle and pitch angle error values are within 0.1°.
A Vision Aided Initial Alignment Method of Strapdown Inertial Navigation Systems in Polar Regions
Authors: Zhang Fubin , Gao Xiaohua , Song Wenbo
Published: June 2022

The failure of the traditional initial alignment algorithm for the strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) in high latitude is a significant challenge due to the rapid convergence of polar longitude. This paper presents a novel vision aided initial alignment method for the SINS of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) in polar regions. In this paper, we redesign the initial alignment model by combining inertial navigation mechanization equations in a transverse coordinate system (TCS) and visual measurement information obtained from a camera fixed on the vehicle. The observability of the proposed method is analyzed under different swing models, while the extended Kalman filter is chosen as an information fusion algorithm. Simulation results show that: the proposed method can improve the accuracy of the initial alignment for SINS in polar regions, and the deviation angle has a similar estimation accuracy in the case of uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial swing modes, which is consistent with the results of the observable analysis.
Simple Fabrication of Photodetectors Based on MoS2 Nanoflakes and Ag Nanoparticles
Authors: Xiao Peng , Kim Ju-Hyung , Seo Soonmin
Published: June 2022

Low-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently emerged as promising materials for electronics and optoelectronics. In particular, photodetectors based on mono- and multilayered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have received much attention owing to their outstanding properties, such as high sensitivity and responsivity. In this study, photodetectors based on dispersed MoS2 nanoflakes (NFs) are demonstrated. MoS2 NFs interact with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) via low-temperature annealing, which plays a crucial role in determining device characteristics such as good sensitivity and short response time. The fabricated devices exhibited a rapid response and recovery, good photo-responsivity, and a high on-to-off photocurrent ratio under visible light illumination with an intensity lower than 0.5 mW/cm2.
PEMBERDAYAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI PASCA PANDEMI MELALUI INOVASI PENGOLAHAN UBI UNGU DI DESA SEKIP DELI SERDANG
Authors: Purba Mas Intan , Novita Herlina , - Jamaluddin
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan informasi mengenai inovasi pengolahan ubi ungu serta memotivasi ibu-ibu rumah tangga Desa Sekip untuk berwirausaha, sehingga ibu rumah tangga dapat lebih produktif, penghasilan keluarga bertambah, meskipun hanya dari rumah saja. Tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat UNPRI memberikan pelatihan pengolahan ubi ungu menjadi boba. Selain mengolah produk, mitra juga diberikan motivasi, dan diberikan pengetahuan baru mengenai strategi pemasaran, perkiraan harga jual. Hasil dari dari kegiatan ini, ibu-ibu rumah tangga Desa Sekip memiliki keahlian dan kemampuan untuk membuat boba yang berasal dari ubi ungu.
Ülkelerin Sürdürülebilir Sanayi, Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı Amacı ve Ekonomik Göstergeler Bağlamında Sınıflandırılması
Authors: AYTEKİN Makbule
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada ülkelerin ekonomik göstergeler ile sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın dokuzuncu amacı olan sanayi, yenilikçilik ve altyapı bağlamında sınıflara ayırılarak karşılaştırmalı analizlerinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, çeşitli kaynaklardan derlenen 2020 yılı verileri için kümeleme analizi yöntemlerinden Ward bağlantı yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, ülkelerin sekiz küme altında değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Buna göre, sürdürülebilir sanayi, altyapı ve yenilik amacında belirli mesafe kat etmiş ülkelerin, ekonomik göstergelerde de diğer ülkelerden olumlu olarak farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Geri kalmış ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin sürdürülebilir ekonomik kalkınma, sanayi, yenilikçilik ve altyapı amacına erişmek için altyapı yatırımlarına öncelik vermesi, kaynaklarını etkin kullanması, ileriye dönük kalkınmayı hızlandıracak projeler üretmesi, iç çatışmalara ve savaşlara son vermesi, iyi yönetişim düzeyini tesis etmesi gerekmektedir.
Pengembangan Ekstraksi dalam Identifikasi Kelainan Gigi pada Citra Dental X-ray imaging (DXRI)
Authors: Sumijan
Published: June 2022

Many of us as Muslims do not know how to act when the call to prayer is heard, which turns out to have a very noble virtue. This animation is expected to provide insight for all of us about the virtues of answering the call to prayer. In addition, this animation can also attract and entertain the audience. Technological advances that are growing rapidly today cover all fields. One of them is the field of multimedia such as animation. This study aims to create 3D animation that is used as a learning medium. The application has the theme of etiquette when calling the call to prayer. 3D animation is the process of placing objects and characters in three-dimensional space and manipulating them to create the illusion of motion. Design in application development using Blender software and applications in making animation. The results of the resulting application present an interactive form of teaching for users in providing knowledge about manners when the call to prayer is heard. With this application, it is hoped that it can provide an alternative to provide a form of teaching, especially for children to explain etiquette when calling the call to prayer
قراءة لكتاب "الدين والصحة النفسية"
Authors: أبو غزالة رمزي
Published: June 2022

يتناول هذا الكتاب أثر الدين في صحة الإنسان النفسية؛ إذ يعرض ما توصل إليه علماء النفس في الغرب من نتائج في هذا المضمار، وتحليل تلك النتائج. ويسعى الكتاب إلى أن يقدم إجابات عن أسئلة مثل: هل يتمتع الشخص المتدين بصحة نفسية أفضل من الشخص غير المتدين أو العكس؟ كيف ذلك؟ ولماذا؟ ويهدف البحث كذلك إلى اقتراح بعض الخطوط العامة للعلاقة بين الإسلام، والصحة النفسية (إسماعيل، 2014، ص13).
ويرى الـمُؤلّف أن تاريخ الإنسان مع الأديان على المستوى الاجتماعي هو حقل دراسة علم الاجتماع الديني الذي يبحث في النظم، والأنساق الدينية السائدة في سائر المجتمعات، ودراستها دراسة وصفية تقريرية تحليلية من حيث نشأتها، وتطورها، وتغييرها، وما تخضع له أو تقيّمه من عوامل اجتماعية وبيئية وثقافية. كما يوجد حقل دراسي آخر يبحث في علاقة الإنسان بالأديان على المستوى الفردي، وهو ما أسماه علماء النفس في أوروبا والولايات المتحدة علم النفس الديني (إسماعيل، 2014، ص12).
مادة (وَقَرَ) في القرآن الكريم
Authors: المعاني جميلة مصطفى , النصيرات جهاد محمد
Published: June 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة للوقوف على الدلالة التوظيفية لمادة (وقر) بوصفها إحدى المفردات القرآنية؛ حيث وردت هذه المادة عشر مرّات في الكتاب الحكيم في سياقات متباينة؛ تارةً مع الكُفّار، وتارةً مع الله U، وتارةً أُخرى مع نساء النبي r. وكان هذا التنوُّع في السياقات لافتاً لدراسة المادة، وتحديد دلالتها في كل سياق، مع ربطها بمعناها اللغوي الذي لا تخرج عنه مهما تلوَّنت السياقات.
ارتبطت مفردة "وَقَرَ" بالسلوك الإنساني على مستويين اثنين؛ الأول: السلوك الـمُنحرِف الـمُتمثِّل في التعطيل الإرادي الفكري المعرفي تجاه القرآن الكريم، وذلك عن طريق الارتباط بإحدى أدوات الإدراك المعرفي، وأوَّلها عند الإنسان، وكيفية تفعيلها، وهي الأُذن. والثاني: السلوك الفطري السليم الـمُتعلِّق بأسس بناء المجتمعات، وذلك بالحديث عن مُقوِّمات البناء الآتية: تعظيم الخالق، والتشريعات التي تحفظ للمجتمعات توازنها وتحفظها من الفتنة، والحث على العمل والأخذ بالأسباب التي تُحقِّق فاعلية لهذا العمل.
وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى أنَّ الاستعمال القرآني لهذه المفردة مُتعلِّق بسلوكات عند الإنسان تُمثِّل منهجاً له في تعاملاته المختلفة؛ فالسلوك الـمُنحرِف يُمثِّل منهج الكُفّار في صدِّهم عن القرآن الكريم، وهو المنهج الذي باتوا مجبولين عليه كأنَّه طبيعة فيهم، والسلوك الفطري يكشف عن كيفية تحقيق منهج الاستخلاف على الأرض.
المثقف المسلم وأزمة التحليل والنقد
Authors: التحرير هيئة
Published: June 2022

تأتي كلمة تحرير هذا العدد من مجلة الفكر الإسلامي المعاصر، ونحن نشاهد الصراعات المحتدمة عالمياً، وسياسياً، وعسكرياً، وثقافياً، واجتماعياً، واقتصادياً، ولعل هذه الصراعات تكاد تكون ظاهرة أساسية لا استثنائية. وتبرز في أثناء هذه الصراعات معالم التحليل والنقد والتفكيك، لما يجري في العالم. ويتولى المفكرون، والمثقفون، والفلاسفة، والعلماء، والمراكز البحثية، ومراكز التفكير... مهمة التفسير، والتحليل، والاستشراف، بصورة تعبّر عن القلق الذي يجتاح الإنسانية ممّا يحدث. ويحاول الفكر الإسلامي متجلياً في المثقف والمفكر والأكاديمي المسلم أن يتفاعل مع ما يجري، وأن يتشابك مع القضايا العالمية المطروحة بصورة تكشف عن قدرته في النقد والتحليل والتساؤل، ووضع الحلول والبرامج الناجعة، خروجاً من حالة الركود والاكتفاء بإعادة إنتاج مقولات الآخرين.
ونحاول في هذه الكلمة أن نتفحّص دور المثقف المسلم ومنهجيته في التعامل مع الواقع، وننظر في أزمة النقد والتحليل التي تعتري مقالاتنا ومقولاتنا. والمثقف المسلم الذي نعنيه في هذا السياق، هو ذلك المثقف الذي نجده على وعي مقدّر بالعالم المعاصر وأحداثه وقضاياه، وبموقعه المتميز في هذا العالم؛ إذ تتجلى ثقافته الإسلامية في طريقة تفكيره وسلوكه وتعامله المسؤول مع عوالم الأفكار والناس والأشياء.
القصد والاستقامة في الخطاب القرآني
Authors: بلعودة جميلة , زين إبراهيم محمد
Published: June 2022

تُمثِّل هذه الدراسة قراءة تحليلية في التعالق الدلالي بين الاستقامة والقصد في الخطاب القرآني؛ إذ تتبوَّأ الاستقامة قيمةً مركزيةً، بوصفها أحد المفاهيم المحورية في المنظومة الأخلاقية، وتؤدي دوراً فاعلاً في تأطير الحياة على مستوى الفكر والسلوك. ويتقاطع القصد مع الاستقامة في كونه عنصراً جوهرياً في التركيبة الدلالية لهذا المفهوم، فقد وصف الله الحركة الإنسانية بأنَّها حركة قصدية مؤطرة ضمن ضوابط الخط المستقيم، بناءً على منهج يعتمد الاستقراء، والتحليل الدلالي؛ قصد معرفة العلاقة الدلالية بين القصد والاستقامة، ورصد طبيعة هذا التعالق في ضوء النصوص القرآنية المؤطرة لمعرفة الصلة الدلالية بينهما، وتحليلها في ضوء معطيات النصوص، اعتماداً على الدراسة السياقية، وتتبُّع أشكال هذا التعالق. وتتجلى أهمية هذه الدراسة في كونها تناقش موضوعاً حيوياً، يرتبط بمقاصد الاستخلاف، والكشف عن الشروط الموضوعية لبناء الفعل الأخلاقي، نرصد من خلاله المجال الدلالي للقصد والاستقامة، ثم نعرج إلى تحليل معطيات التعالق بينهما، نظراً لارتباطهما الوثيق بعناصر النظرية الأخلاقية، ودورهما في ضبط المضمون الشعوري والمحتوى القيمي للإنسان.
Electronic origin of phase stability in Mg–Zn–Y alloys with a long-period stacking order
Authors: Tsumuraya Takao , Momida Hiroyoshi , Oguchi Tamio
Published: June 2022

The origin of the phase stability of 18R Mg–Zn–Y alloys with a long-period stacking order (LPSO) is studied using first-principles calculations. We calculate the heat of formation as a function of the number of Zn vacancies to discuss the role of Zn atoms. The calculated convex hull indicates that the Zn atoms in the LPSO alloys are stable even if they number about half of the Y atoms. The bonding state with Zn p orbitals leads to the stability of the LPSO structure because the partial density of states of Mg nearest to the solute cluster forms a valley structure.
Validasi Curah Hujan Data TerraClimate dengan Data Pengamatan BMKG di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Suryanto Joko , Faisol Arif
Published: June 2022

Estimasi curah hujan memanfaatkan data hujan bentuk grid merupakan alternatif untuk memperoleh data hujan yang terbatas karena sedikitnya  pengamatan pada wilayah yang luas. TerraClimate menyediakan data curah hujan bulanan dalam bentuk grid dengan resolusi spasial dan temporal yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi akurasi data TerraClimate dalam mengestimasi curah hujan bulanan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian menggunakan data curah hujan TerraCLimate dan penakar hujan dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) periode tahun 1996 - 2020 (25 tahun) pada 8 stasiun meteorologi yang tersebar di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Uji konsistensi data curah hujan bulanan TerraClimate dan data BMKG dilakukan menggunakan metode Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS). Akurasi data TerraClimate ditentukan menggunakan nilai Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), persen bias (PBIAS) dan koefisien korelasi Pearson (R). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai MAE berkisar antara 58 – 106 mm, nilai RMSE antara  93,3 – 133,8 mm, nilai PBIAS antara 0,45% – (-12,2%), dan koefisien korelasi antara 0,47 – 0,71. Nilai rerata PBIAS diperoleh 1,89% dan koefisien korelasi data TerraClimate secara keseluruhan 0,62 yang menunjukkan data TerraClimate mempunyai akurasi sangat baik dengan tingkat korelasi yang kuat.
Novel Quality Measure and Efficient Resolution of Convex Hull Pricing for Unit Commitment
Authors: Bragin Mikhail , Luh Peter , Yan Bing , Zheng Tongxin , Schiro Dane A. , Zhao Feng , Zhao Jinye
Published: June 2022

Electricity prices determined from economic
dispatch without considering fixed costs may cause high uplift payments. With
fixed costs, however, a price is not a monotonic function of demand, affecting
market transparency. To overcome these, convex hull (CH) pricing has recently
been introduced for unit commitment with fixed costs. Several CH pricing
methods were presented, and a feasible cost was used to quantify the CH price
quality. The associated difficulties are 1. high computational effort required
to obtain a feasible cost and 2. the associated duality gap may not be tight
enough to provide accurate measure. In this paper, a novel measure to quantify
the quality of CH prices is presented by establishing an upper bound to the
optimal dual value approaching it from above. Near-optimal CH prices are
efficiently obtained by using Surrogate Lagrangian Relaxation (SLR), meanwhile,
the upper bound decreases fast due to convergence of SLR. Testing results on
the IEEE 118-bus system without transmission capacities indicate that the novel
quality measure reaches a value of less than 0.1% in seconds – much more
accurate and faster than the measure provided by a feasible cost –
demonstrating the high quality of the upper bound and the efficiency of SLR.
Analysis of Dependency Networks of Package Managers Used in iOS Development
Authors: Rahkema Kristiina , Pfahl Dietmar
Published: June 2022

Using third-party libraries is common practice when writing software. Nevertheless, vulnerabilities can be found in even very popular and well-tested libraries. Once detected, these vulnerabilities are often fixed quickly in the library code. The easiest way to include these fixes in a dependent software application, is to update the used library version. Package managers provide automated solutions to updating library dependencies, which make this process easier. Using a package manager, it is easy to declare as many dependencies as needed. However, library dependencies can have dependencies to other libraries creating a dependency network with several levels of indirections. Assessing vulnerability risks induced by dependency networks is a non-trivial task for developers of software applications.

The library dependency network in the Swift ecosystem encompasses libraries from CocoaPods, Carthage and Swift Package Manager. These three package managers are used when developing, for example, iOS or Mac OS applications in Swift or Objective-C. Recently, we created a library dependency network dataset for the Swift ecosystem. In this article, we explain in full detail how we built this dataset.  We provide the first analysis of the library dependency network evolution in the Swift ecosystem and present one example of how the dataset can be used to analyze the spread of known vulnerabilities through the library dependency network. 

We found that, although CocoaPods is the package manager with the biggest set of libraries, the difference to other package managers is not as big as expected. The youngest package manager and official package manager for Swift, Swift PM, is becoming more and more popular, resulting in a gradual slow-down of the growth of the other two package managers. 

When analyzing direct and transitive dependencies, we found that the mean total number of dependencies is lower in the Swift compared to many other ecosystems. This results in less libraries being affected by vulnerable dependencies through transitive dependencies. We found that only 5.9% of connected libraries had a direct or transitive dependency to a vulnerable library. 
The Role of Fidelity in Goal-Oriented Semantic Communication: A Rate Distortion Approach
Authors: Stavrou Photios A. , Kountouris Marios
Published: June 2022

 We study a variant of a robust description source coding framework via its corresponding characterization, which is a relevant model for goal-oriented semantic information transmission. Considering two individual single-letter separable distortion constraints and input and output data acting as the intrinsic and extrinsic message, respectively, we first derive bounds on the optimal rates of the problem, as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for these bounds to be tight. Subsequently, we prove a general result that provides in parametric form the optimal solution of the characterization of this problem. Capitalizing on these results, we examine the structure of the solution for one case study of general binary alphabets under Hamming distortions and solve in closed form a special case. We also solve another general binary alphabet case where a Hamming and an erasure distortion coexist, as a means to highlight the importance of selecting the type of the distortion constraint in goal-oriented semantic communication. We also develop a semantic-aware Blahut-Arimoto (BA) algorithm, which can be used for the computation of any finite alphabet intrinsic or extrinsic message under individual distortion criteria. Finally, we revisit the problem for multidimensional independent and identically distributed (IID) jointly Gaussian processes with individual mean-square error (MSE) distortion constraints, providing new insights that have previously been overlooked. This work reveals the cardinal role of context-dependent fidelity criteria in goal-oriented semantic communication. 
Implementation of high throughput system for data correction
Authors: Nikolaidis Dimitris
Published: June 2022

Novel error correction system implemented on FPGA.
Multivaluedness in Networks: Shannon’s Noisy-Channel Coding Theorem
Authors: van Wyk Anton , Li Ping , Chen Guanrong
Published: June 2022

Recently, a necessary and sufficient condition for multivaluedness to be implicitly exhibited by counter-cascaded systems was presented. Subsequently, several systems that exhibit multivaluedness were reported. This brief interprets a general information transmission system as a counter-cascaded system with Shannon’s noisy-channel coding theorem providing the necessary and sufficient conditions for multivaluedness and is therefore a particular instance of the counter-cascaded network framework.
On the initial conditions for real-time technique to suppress background signals in complete fusion nuclear reactions
Authors: Ibadullayev Dastan , Yury Tsyganov , Alexander Polyakov , Alexey Voinov
Published: June 2022

A new four parameter estimation of the Tα-Qα dependence is presented to operate with anew analog spectrometer of the DGFRS2, installed at the DC-280 cyclotron setup in the form Tα=f(Z,Qα) is presented. Comparisons are made both with the Royer’s well-known dependence and with the dependence obtained on the basis of parameters for superheavy nuclei Z=106-118. This new estimated formula is obtainedfrom recent results with good statistics for 286,287Fl isotopes synthesized in 242Pu+48Ca->286,287Fl+3,4n complete fusion nuclear reaction. Some attention is paid to the specifics of heavy element detection at the DGFRS2 setup. Estimates of half-lives for isotopes Z=119,120 are presented using a new formula. We plan to conduct experiments on the synthesis of these isotopes in the near future at the DGFRS2 setup. The application of the ER (Evaporation Residue)–α1-α2 algorithms also discussed briefly. This algorithm is expected to be very useful when the intensity of heavy ion beams reaches ~10pµA or more to suppress background signals.
French and Hindi: Linguistic Similarities and Common Patterns between the two Languages
Authors: Jugnauth Kobita Kumari
Published: June 2022

This paper aims at highlighting the linguistic similarities between two languages which at first glance seem very different from each other for various reasons. These two languages are French and Hindi. There has been almost no comparative study between these two languages. The reason behind this is that there are probably very few speakers who have an adequate linguistic competence in both languages and even fewer who would think about undertaking linguistic research about how the two languages can be similar. In Mauritius, the linguistic situation is thriving thanks to its multi-racial, multi-cultural and multi-religious status. While English and French are generally accepted as the country’s official languages, the lingua-franca remains Mauritian Creole. Also, quite a few Asian languages and Arabic are taught up to secondary level in schools. Mauritians who speak French and learn Hindi at school are thus among the few privileged speakers who develop competency in these two languages and can draw parallels between the two. This paper tries to explore some very interesting similarities in terms of vocabulary, grammar and syntax that speakers of both languages can detect and future learners of these two language will be able to perceive. The findings in this paper are based upon qualitative research from data provided by speakers of all ages from the Mauritian context, who have almost equal competence in both languages.
Resistance and Politics of Survival: The Moral Economy of a Tobacco Producing Peasantry in Kenya, 1945-2002
Authors: Wilfred Onserio Arori , Chacha Babere Kerata
Published: June 2022

During the late 1960’s, BAT Company under state support controlled the tobacco contract farming that was starting to flourish in the fertile areas Kuria District in the southwestern parts of Republic of Kenya. From the beginning, tobacco proved to be a suitable cash crop for these poor peasants who were constantly struggling against a paucity of hard currency and declining pastoral economy b b. After years of successful tobacco planting, Kuria became symbols of prosperity. Even though the influence and power of the merchants and international conglomerates, was increasing, the cultivation of tobacco remained almost exclusively the field of a legion of families, who produced mounting loads of this crop. The case of tobacco production in this area demonstrated that minor-degree peasant agriculture could lead to increasing production for the export market. Because of their subsistence lifestyle, the tobacco producers were considered by many to be hardworking, honest, and thrifty citizens. According to some then-contemporary observers, this self-dependent lifestyle would lead the nation to a more democratic and egalitarian society. But that was not to be the case, the Kuria were once again in a perpetual crisis having been transformed by powerful forces of an international conglomerate in the course of few decades, from self-sufficient and haughty independent-minded tribesmen into poverty-stricken famine relief clients now living on ecological as well as political margins of the Kenyan society.
Do Training Need Analysis (TNA) Important for Training Effectiveness? – A Survey on some Manufacturing Firm, Chattogram
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Mohammad Ahshanul
Published: June 2022

Background: The Training Need Assessment is an integral part of Training Effectiveness. For a developing country like Bangladesh Manufacturing firms have to spend on training to develop employee skills and in order to make sure the fund is not misspent a proper TNA is essential. There has been very little research on that particular topic in case of manufacturing firm of Bangladesh. Aims: This paper focuses on find out the importance of Training Need Analysis on the Training Effectiveness of some selected manufacturing firm of Bangladesh. Method: A review of the literature is presented in this article. Articles were found using Google Scholar, Science Web, and Semantic Scholar. A survey was conducted on 250 employees of some selected private manufacturing firm and got response from 196 employees which include 60 HR related Management level employees and 136 general level employees. For pursuing the research, the author identified some well-known and high profiled private organizations of Chattogram on the basis of random and stratified technique. Results: In this study, a grater amount of the respondents strongly agreed that conducting TNA effects on the effectiveness of training. That means conducting TNA is one of the most important requirement for the effectiveness of training. After the analysis of the response rate of the both top and general level employees the researcher agrees that TNA effects on the training effectiveness. Conclusions: For making the training programs more effective the training need analysis should be conducted more efficiently. Through this study we can see that the private manufacturing firm of Chattogram are becoming more serious about conducting TNA before organizing any training program which results the effectiveness of training.
Decentralization Policy and Performance of Universal Primary Education in Uganda
Authors: Patrick Mbyemeire , Deusdedit Byabashaija , Bos Muhwezi John , Silver Muganzi Vally
Published: June 2022

This study assessed the correlation between decentralisation policy implementation and Universal Primary Education (UPE) performance in Uganda. It was guided by the objective of assessing the relationship between political decentralisation and Primary Leaving Examinations (PLE) performance in Katerera County in Rubirizi district, in Uganda. The study adopted a descriptive research design with quantitative and qualitative approaches. A sample of 139 respondents were selected using Slovene’s formula. Data was collected using questionnaire and interview guide and analyzed using frequencies, percentages, Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis for quantitative data and thematic analysis was used for analyzing qualitative data. The study findings established a significant relationship between political decentralisation and PLE performance of UPE schools in Katerera County and a unit increase in political decentralisation affects the PLE performance of UPE schools in Katerera County by 17%. The study concluded that decentralisation policy implementation contributes 61% to the PLE performance of UPE schools in Katerera County; Rubirizi District. From the study findings, the researcher recommended that central government should put much efforts in implementing decentralisation policy since it was found to have a significant relationship with performance of UPE schools, reduce bureaucracies for releasing money for buying scholastic materials, encourage parents to give financial support to their respective schools and increasing funding for local governments especially in the education sector.
Evaluation of Clinical features and treatment Outcome of Rickets Cases-Benghazi
Authors: Elwerfally Dr. Horia Muftah , Alferjani Dr. Mohamed Masuod
Published: June 2022

Rickets occurs when growing bones fail to mineralize. In most cases, the diagnosis is done basing on clinical examination, laboratory testing and radiological imaging. Aims: this study aimed to investigate demographic and clinical profile of children diagnosed with Rickets and to assess the treatment outcome. Subjects and method: a comparative follow-up observational survey was conducted by collecting the data from a sample at two points of time, prior to treatment and 6 months after treatment, the sample was purposive, contact details of mothers of the children were kept to assure the 2nd meeting of data collection. Results: a sample of 153 child was studied, more than 97% of them aged between 1-2 years with mean age of 13.6 months (± 5.99), 53% of them males, 94.8 from Benghazi.62% were early weaned and 58.8 % eat family diet. At presentation the children were found to have delayed walking (17%), failure to thrive (15.7%), lethargy (13.7%), delayed teething (10.5%), rachitic rosary were present in more than 94%. Radiological signs were Osteopenia and cupping in 44.4 % and 18.3 % respectively. Calcium level was ranging between 8-11mg/dl in 99.3% of the cases, alkaline phosphatase is elevated in 43.8%, about 80% have variable degree of vitamin D deficiency, mothers of about 44% of the study sample have vitamin D deficiency, and about 21% reported past history of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D supplement was given either orally in 66%, or via parenteral route in 34% both of them produced very significant improvement (t-test= -11.635, P <0.01). Conclusion: The vast majority of the studied children aged one to two years, a large part of them were subjected to inappropriate early weaning, in addition to that a great portion is consuming family diet which does not contain the recommended requirement of calcium and vitamin D of a growing child, the dramatic improvement in the symptoms post treatment, and presence of maternal history of vitamin D deficiency support......
Clinicopathological Study of Locally Recurrent Breast Carcinoma with Special Reference to Resectability
Authors: Das Dr. Bikramjit , Basak Dr. Souvik , Das Prof. (Dr.) Kashinath
Published: June 2022

The isolated local recurrence in a patient previously treated for early-stage invasive breast cancer presents a unique challenge to the oncologist. The main objectives of this study were to identify breast carcinoma patients who are prone to develop early recurrence, to study the feasibility of resection in case of locally recurrent breast carcinoma and determine the incidence of distant metastasis associated with locally recurrent breast carcinoma. The parameters namely age, previous clinical TNM staging, previous Histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, previous types of surgery, previous immunohistochemistry and previous chemoradiotherapy had shown very strong positive significance. There was significant association between previous findings of IHC and present findings of IHC (p=0.0087) but there was no significant association between clinical stage and resectability (p=0.95), between status of LVI and resectability (p=0.71) and between Histopathological Grade and resectability (p=0.43). Local recurrences after primary resection are seen to be mostly resectable with negative margin; however, whether it results in survival benefit can be studied in long term study.