bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Questions Regarding the Motu Proprio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus
Authors: Pagé Roch
Published: February 2016

The promulgation of the motu proprio Mitis iudex has not only changed the procedural laws to process matrimonial nullity cases, but has left canon lawyers with a number of unanswered questions. In this article, Msgr. Roch Pagé reflects on some of the aspects of Mitis iudex and offers very helpful insights. He also touches upon the now famous article 14 of the procedural norms and argues that it cannot resurrect the so-called El Paso Presumptions, explicitly forbidden by decree of the Apostolic Signatura.
“Et aysi trobaretz de las suas chansos”: Occitan Manuscripts Online
Authors: Wells Courtney Joseph
Published: February 2016

In this article, I provide a list of Occitan manuscripts that are available for consultation online and a brief commentary on advances in accessibility to Occitan manuscripts from the late nineteenth century to the present. Using the history of troubadour chansonnier Sg () as an example of how digital collections have revolutionized the study of Occitan manuscripts, I give an overview of the different resources currently available to Occitanists. This brief commentary is followed by a bibliography containing descriptions of, and links to, 120 Occitan manuscripts available online. This bibliography may also be accessed at < trobaretz.wordpress.com >, which will be updated regularly. Dans cet article, nous mettons à la disposition des lecteurs de Tenso une liste de manuscrits occitans accessibles en ligne, ainsi qu’un bref commentaire sur les progrès effectués, de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle jusqu’à nos jours, pour rendre disponible ces manuscrits. A partir d’une description de l’histoire du chansonnier Sg () qui illustre la manière dont les fonds numérisés ont révolutionné l’étude de manuscrits occitans, nous proposons un résumé des différentes ressources désormais à la disposition des Occitanistes. Ce bref commentaire est suivi d’une bibliographie qui comporte des liens vers 120 manuscrits occitans actuellement consultables en ligne. Cette bibliographie est également en accès libre sur < trobaretz.wordpress.com > que nous veillerons à mettre à jour régulièrement.
Occitan Lexicon Online
Authors: Klingebiel Kathryn
Published: February 2016

A presentation of 200 online locations for Occitan lexical works, with URLs provided. Présentation de 200 liens vers des ouvrages lexicographiques occitans.
Privy to the Game: Three Generations of Troubadour Micropoetry
Authors: Hackney Melanie A.
Published: February 2016

This article, featuring one of the first English translations of Gavaudan’s “Lo mes e·l temps e l’an deparc,” examines structural and thematic similarities between this Occitan lyric composition and two of its predecessors: Marcabru’s “Hueymais dey esser alegrans” and Raimbaut d’Aurenga’s “Cars douz e fenhz del bederesc.” Going beyond shared influence among these three generations of poets, a close textual reading demonstrates that they hid a subsequent composition within their highly structuralized verses. Through a carefully explained methodology, the present study extracts and analyzes each “micropoem” in relation to the original in order to establish the authors’ participation in a literary game of micropoetry. Avec une des premières traductions anglaises de la canso de Gavaudan, “Lo mes e·l temps e l’an deparc,” cet article examine les similarités structurelles et thématiques entre cette composition lyrique occitane et deux de ses prédécesseurs: “Hueymais dey esser alegrans” de Marcabru et “Cars douz e fenhz del bederesc” de Raimbaut d’Aurenga. Au-delà de l’influence partagée entre ces trois générations de troubadours, une lecture attentive démontre que les auteurs ont caché une composition ultérieure dans leurs versets très structurés. Grâce à une méthodologie soigneusement expliquée, cette étude examine et analyse chaque “micropoème” par rapport à l’original afin d’établir la participation des auteurs dans un jeu littéraire de “micropoésie.”
The effect of managerial overconfidence on firm value: evidence from companies listed in Tehran stock exchange
Authors: Dashtbayaz Mahmoud Lari , Mohammadi Shaban
Published: February 2016

Overconfidence, one of the most modern concepts of behavioral finance, both in financial theory and psychology is important. The effects of overconfidence managers Company's procedures, including accounting policies, hence it is important that overconfidence can be inaccurate and inappropriate policies on investment decisions, finance or accounting result and costs heavy impose on companies. Article overconfidence effect on the value of the company's review. The company's value as a dependent variable using Q-Tobin measured. Overconfidence variable as well as the independent variable with studies based on measurement methods and their impact on the performance of 50 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2011 to 2015 using regression analysis do. The results of this study showed that overconfidence on both methods have an impact on firm value.
Exact solution of time-fractional partial differential equations using Laplace transform
Authors: Al-Qutaifi Naser
Published: February 2016

The idea of replacing the first derivative in time by a fractional derivative of order , where , leads to a fractional generalization of any partial differential equations of integer order. In this paper, we obtain a relationship between the solution of the integer order equation and the solution of its fractional extension by using the Laplace transform method.
An Eample for the lifelong music education: Bolu Young Musicians Festival
Hayat boyu müzik eğitimine bir örnek: Bolu Genç Müzisyenler Şenliği
Authors: Akgül Barış Dolunay , Ece Ahmet Serkan , Sarısözen Doğan Müjde
Published: February 2016

In this study, the work of  The Association Supporting The Young Artist, one of the rare non-governmental organizations in the arts  in Bolu, has been introduced and the contributions of The Festivals Of Young Musicians which has been organised by the associatioan for six years,  to the artisitic life and Lifelog  Music Education of all individuals form seven to seventy in the city, have been described. ÖzetBu çalışmada,  Bolu ilinde il genelinde yer alan, sanat alanındaki nadir sivil toplum kuruluşlarından olan Genç Sanatçıları Destekleme Derneği’nin  çalışmaları tanıtılmış, dernek tarafından 6 yıldır düzenlenmekte olan Genç Müzisyenler Şenliğinin Bolu ilindeki sanat hayatına ve yediden yetmiş yediye tüm bireylerin Hayat Boyu Müzik Eğitimine olan katkıları betimlenmiştir.
MTE1 Functions with MPH1 in Double-Strand Break Repair
Authors: Yimit Askar , Kim TaeHyung , Anand Ranjith P , Meister Sarah , Ou Jiongwen , Haber James E , Zhang Zhaolei , Brown Grant W
Published: February 2016

Double-strand DNA breaks occur upon exposure of cells to ionizing radiation and certain chemical agents or indirectly through replication fork collapse at DNA damage sites. If left unrepaired, double-strand breaks can cause genome instability and cell death, and their repair can result in loss of heterozygosity. In response to DNA damage, proteins involved in double-strand break repair by homologous recombination relocalize into discrete nuclear foci. We identified 29 proteins that colocalize with recombination repair protein Rad52 in response to DNA damage. Of particular interest, Ygr042w/Mte1, a protein of unknown function, showed robust colocalization with Rad52. Mte1 foci fail to form when the DNA helicase gene MPH1 is absent. Mte1 and Mph1 form a complex and are recruited to double-strand breaks in vivo in a mutually dependent manner. MTE1 is important for resolution of Rad52 foci during double-strand break repair and for suppressing break-induced replication. Together our data indicate that Mte1 functions with Mph1 in double-strand break repair.
Probabilistic Multilocus Haplotype Reconstruction in Outcrossing Tetraploids
Authors: Zheng Chaozhi , Voorrips Roeland E , Jansen Johannes , Hackett Christine A , Ho Julie , Bink Marco C A M
Published: February 2016

For both plant (e.g., potato) and animal (e.g., salmon) species, unveiling the genetic architecture of complex traits is key to the genetic improvement of polyploids in agriculture. F1 progenies of a biparental cross are often used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in outcrossing polyploids, where haplotype reconstruction by identifying the parental origins of marker alleles is necessary. In this paper, we build a novel and integrated statistical framework for multilocus haplotype reconstruction in a full-sib tetraploid family from biallelic marker dosage data collected from single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays or next-generation sequencing technology given a genetic linkage map. Compared to diploids, in tetraploids, additional complexity needs to be addressed, including double reduction and possible preferential pairing of chromosomes. We divide haplotype reconstruction into two stages: parental linkage phasing for reconstructing the most probable parental haplotypes and ancestral inference for probabilistically reconstructing the offspring haplotypes conditional on the reconstructed parental haplotypes. The simulation studies and the application to real data from potato show that the parental linkage phasing is robust to, and that the subsequent ancestral inference is accurate for, complex chromosome pairing behaviors during meiosis, various marker segregation types, erroneous genetic maps except for long-range disturbances of marker ordering, various amounts of offspring dosage errors (up to ∼20%), and various fractions of missing data in parents and offspring dosages.
Host Mitochondrial Association Evolved in the Human ParasiteToxoplasma gondiivia Neofunctionalization of a Gene Duplicate
Authors: Adomako-Ankomah Yaw , English Elizabeth D , Danielson Jeffrey J , Pernas Lena F , Parker Michelle L , Boulanger Martin J , Dubey Jitender P , Boyle Jon P
Published: February 2016

In Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite of humans and other animals, host mitochondrial association (HMA) is driven by a gene family that encodes multiple mitochondrial association factor 1 (MAF1) proteins. However, the importance of MAF1 gene duplication in the evolution of HMA is not understood, nor is the impact of HMA on parasite biology. Here we used within- and between-species comparative analysis to determine that the MAF1 locus is duplicated in T. gondii and its nearest extant relative Hammondia hammondi, but not another close relative, Neospora caninum. Using cross-species complementation, we determined that the MAF1 locus harbors multiple distinct paralogs that differ in their ability to mediate HMA, and that only T. gondii and H. hammondi harbor HMA+ paralogs. Additionally, we found that exogenous expression of an HMA+ paralog in T. gondii strains that do not normally exhibit HMA provides a competitive advantage over their wild-type counterparts during a mouse infection. These data indicate that HMA likely evolved by neofunctionalization of a duplicate MAF1 copy in the common ancestor of T. gondii and H. hammondi, and that the neofunctionalized gene duplicate is selectively advantageous.
A telemedicina alkalmazása a bőrgyógyászatban: a teledermatológia
Authors: Danis Judit , Forczek Erzsébet , Bari Ferenc
Published: February 2016

Technological advances in the fields of information and telecommunication technologies have affected the health care system in the last decades, and lead to the emergence of a new discipline: telemedicine. The appearance and rise of internet and smart phones induced a rapid progression in telemedicine. Several new applications and mobile devices are published every hour even for medical purposes. Parallel to these changes in the technical fields, medical literature about telemedicine has grown rapidly. Due to its visual nature, dermatology is ideally suited to benefit from this new technology and teledermatology became one of the most dynamically evolving fields of telemedicine by now. Teledermatology is not routinely practiced in Hungary yet, however, it promises the health care system to become better, cheaper and faster, but we have to take notice on the experience and problems faced in teledermatologic applications so far, summarized in this review. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(10), 363–369.
Preharvest boron application and its relation with the quality of 'Galaxy' apples after harvest and controlled atmosphere storage
Authors: Brackmann Auri , Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Anese Rogerio de Oliveira , Linke Junior Wanderlei
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of preharvest boron application on the physical and chemical quality of 'Galaxy' apples after harvest and in controlled atmosphere storage during eight months, plus seven days of shelf life at 20°C. The experiment was performed with two treatments applied on the field: [1] Control (fruit without boron application) and [2] Foliar application of boron (four applications of 1.5kg ha-1). Findings showed that the boron application promoted a higher ethylene production and respiratory rate and it application also reduced the flesh firmness in relation to the fruits without it. A similar result was obtained after eight months of storage plus seven days of shelf life. The preharvest application of boron makes it possible to harvest apples earlier due to the fact that it accelerates the fruit metabolism. However, the fruits end up presenting a lower storage potential as a result of the higher ethylene production, respiration rate, decay incidence, mealiness and a reduction of the healthy fruit percentage and flesh firmness after CA storage.
Crude glycerin in meat goat diets: intake, performance and carcass traits
Authors: Dias Juliano Cesar , Silveira André Luís Finkler da , Lançanova José Antonio Cogo , Hill João Ari Gualberto , Moletta José Luiz
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of including glycerin in kid goats diet on intake, performance and carcass traits. Twenty intact male kid goats Boer crossbred were used, with body weight of 25.06±4.15kg and 8.00±0.66 months old, allocated in block design, with four treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted on including dry matter basis (DM) of the diet of four levels of glycerin: zero, five, 10 and 15%, in replacing corn. It was not reported influence (P>0.05) of level of glycerin on intake of forage and feed conversion of animals. The concentrate and total DM intake were affected (P<0.05) for the level of glycerin in DM, with reduction in the animals that received the highest level. It was not reported influence (P>0.05) of level of glycerin on weight gain, carcass yield and percentage of cooling losses. However, the hot and cold carcass weight was lower (P<0.05) to the animals feed with 15% of glycerin. The inclusion up to 15% of glycerin in the diet of kid goats Boer crossbred, although did not affect feed conversion and performance, compromised the intake and carcass weight.
Use of calcareous algae and monensin in Nellore cattle subjected to an abrupt change in diet
Authors: Carvalho Roberta Ferreira , Mazon Madeline Rezende , Silva Ana Paula dos Santos , Oliveira Leticia Silva , Zotti Claiton André , Silva Saulo da Luz e , Leme Paulo Roberto
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: Additives are used in high concentrate diets to prevent metabolic disorders in cattle. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of calcium sources and monensin on the control of ruminal acidosis in Nellore cattle that were abruptly shifted to a high (92.3%) concentrate diet. Eight cannulated steers were randomly assigned to two contemporary 4x4 Latin square. Treatments involved the addition of a calcium source, either limestone (LI) or a product derived from calcareous algae (CA), to the basic diet with or without the presence of monensin. Calcareous alga (Lithothamnium calcareum) is a natural and renewable product and a source of calcium carbonate. The quantity of added limestone, calcareous algae and monensin was 7.1g kg-1, 7.4g kg-1 and 30mg kg-1 DM, respectively. There was no effect of calcium source (P=0.607) or monensin (P=0.294) on feed intake or on the concentration of short chain fatty acids. Treatments with calcareous algae resulted in a higher mean ruminal pH (P=0.039), a shorter amount of time with the ruminal pH under 5.2 (P<0.001) and a better control of blood pH (P=0.006). Treatments with monensin also resulted in a shorter amount of time with the ruminal pH below 5.2 (P=0.023). Calcareous algae were shown to be effective in controlling adverse changes in the rumen and in blood variables for Nellore cattle that were subjected to an abrupt change to a high concentrate diet.
Host suitability of soybean and corn genotypes to the root lesion caused by nematode under natural infestation conditions
Authors: Rios Anderli Divina Ferreira , Rocha Mara Rúbia da , Machado Alan Soares , Ávila Kássia Aparecida Garcia Barbosa , Teixeira Renato Andrade , Santos Leonardo de Castro , Rabelo Lilian Rosana Silva
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: Among the nematode management strategies, genetic resistance is one of the most appropriate and desirable. However, resistant soybean and corn genotypes resistant to Pratylenchus brachyurus are not available up to the moment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the host suitability of 50 soybean and 38 corn genotypes to P. brachyurus under natural infestation. Soybean genotypes BRSGO Chapadões, BRSGO Paraíso, M-Soy 7211 RR, M-Soy 8008 RR, Emgopa 313 RR, M-Soy 8411, BRSGO Juliana RR, Emgopa 316 RR, BRSGO Luziânia RR and TMG 103 RR, and corn genotype Agromem 30A06 reduced the nematode population during the evaluation period.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of bacteria from vaginitis associated with intravaginal implants in ewes following estrus synchronization
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Otávio de Paula , Brandão Felipe Zandonadi , Martins Gabriel , Penna Bruno , Souza-Fabjan Joanna Maria Gonçalves de , Lilenbaum Walter
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the presence of vaginitis and the bacterial load associated with different intravaginal implants in ewes. Twenty-four Dorper and crossbred ewes were allocated into three groups and received intravaginal implant containing 0.3g progesterone (CIDR(r)), 60mg MAP or sponges without progesterone (CONTROL) for six days. Then, CIDR and MAP treated-ewes received 12.5mg dinoprost and 300IU eCG. Vaginal mucus samples were collected at four times: before device insertion, at the day of its removal, 24 and 48 hours after. The samples were cultured and the colonies were counted (CFU/mL) and identified. The results obtained from the counting of CFU mL-1 were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis H test, with P<0.05 being considered significant. Before device insertion, 68.2% of the samples yielded Staphylococcus spp. and 60.0% of them were Staphylococcus aureus. After implant removal, 100% of ewes had clinical signs of vaginitis. However, the level of local infection in the CONTROL-ewes was lower (P>0.05) in comparison with MAP and CIDR-treated ewes. During the occurrence of vaginitis, the predominant isolates belonged to the coliform group, mainly Escherichia coli (72.7%). Such infection was not determined by the members of the vaginal microbiota that were present before implant insertion and normal microbiota was restored between 24 to 48 hours after insert removal.
Water quality of the reservoirs used for irrigation in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: Jarek Tiago Miguel , Souza Jorge Luiz Moretti de , Favaretto Nerilde , Ruaro Lucimeris
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: Land use outside its agricultural potential and low vegetation cover in the watershed impair the quality of water used for irrigation and may contribute to the spread of pathogenic coliform bacteria. The objective of this study was to relate the quality of irrigation water with the intensity and type of land use and the rainfall in a vegetable-producing region of São José dos Pinhais, Paraná. Water samples were collected monthly in 2013 from two reservoirs and one preserved source. After collection, the samples were chilled in Styrofoam boxes and transported to the laboratory for analyses of the total and thermotolerant coliforms. Effect of land use was analyzed by probability estimation trees. High land use and weekly above average rainfall increased the probability of thermo tolerant coliforms exceeding the limit allowed under legislation. In regards to thermo tolerant coliforms in the analyzed period, the water from only one reservoir was in accordance with the legislation for the quality of water to irrigate vegetables that are consumed raw. Results of this study are an alert to the local government for the necessity of environmental preservation to maintain the water quality of the county.
Milk production and percentages of fat and protein in Holstein breed cows raised in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Feltes Giovani Luis , Michelotti Vanessa Tomazetti , Prestes Alan Miranda , Bravo André Padilha , Bondan Carlos , Dornelles Mariana de Almeida , Breda Fernanda Cristina , Rorato Paulo Roberto Nogara
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to identify a nonlinear regression model that better describes the milk production and the percentages of fat and protein curves, and to identify the season and age of calving that result in higher productions. For the analysis, 8,047 records of milk production and percentages of fat and protein obtained from 1,330 Holstein breed cows raised in Rio Grande do Sul, born from 1989 to 2011, were used. After determining the most appropriate nonlinear regression model, the identity of models and the equality of parameter tests for the different classes of season and age of calving were performed. Residual mean square, mean absolute deviation, mean squared prediction error and percentage of estimated curves per animal, indicated the Linear Hyperbolic Function (LHF) as the most appropriate to describe the milk production and the levels of fat and protein curves. Cows calving in the autumn and winter seasons yield higher quantities of milk and lower fat and protein content than those calved in the spring and summer seasons. Cows aged between 46 and 93 months at calving yield higher milk quantities, and those with calving age between 94 and 118 months produced more fat.
Occurrence of Amblyomma longirostre in Cyanocompsa brissonii in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Gressler Lucas Trevisan , Pereira Larissa Quinto , Brustolin Joice Magali , Lovato Maristela , Monteiro Sílvia Gonzalez
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: Ticks are arthropods that are highly competent in transmitting pathogens to animals and humans. Among these, the genus Amblyomma is the most representative within the Neotropics. Amblyomma longirostre ticks are naturally distributed in countries of South, Central and North America. Their immature stages preferentially parasitize birds (Passeriformes), while adult stages are usually found on rodents. Therefore, reports of this tick species on wild hosts is epidemiologically relevant, especially because of these ticks' potential for transmitting pathogens to other wild and domestic animals, and also to humans. Thus, the aim of this study was to report infestation by Amblyomma longirostre on Cyanocompsa brissonii in southern Brazil.
Molecular detection of Trypanosoma evansi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in procyonids (Carnivora: Procyonidae) in Eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Magalhães-Matos Paulo Cesar , Cunha-Santos Rafaelle , Sousa Paulo Geovani Silva , Sampaio-Júnior Francisco Dantas , Barros Flávia de Nazaré Leite , Mourão Fábio Rodrigo Paixão , Oliveira Wanessa Batista Lima , Gabriel Áurea Martins , Monteiro Silvia Gonzalez , Góes-Cavalcante Gustavo , Scofield Alessandra
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to diagnose the natural infection of captive and free-living procyonids with Trypanosoma evansi in the states of Amapá and Pará, Brazil. From February 2012 to August 2013, whole blood samples and blood smears were obtained from 45 free-living procyonids and from nine procyonids kept in captivity in wild life refuges and zoobotanical parks in the states of Amapá and Pará. Whole blood samples were collected and kept at -20ºC for the detection of T. evansi DNA by PCR using the RoTat 1.2 forward and RoTat 1.2 reverse primers. In addition, the blood smears were processed and examined for the presence of trypomastigote forms of T. evansi. T. evansi DNA was detected in 18.52% (10/54) of the procyonids, namely, in captive crab-eating raccoons and captive and free-living coatis in Pará State. No trypomastigote forms were observed in the blood smears. DNA from T. evansi was detected in P. cancrivorus and N. nasua in Pará State, being this the first such report in P. cancrivorus.
Spoilage potential of Paenibacillussp. in Brazilian raw milk
Authors: Ribeiro Júnior José Carlos , Alcântara Brígida Kussumoto de , Beloti Vanerli
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: Bacterial spores are widespread in the environment and can contaminate milk. Spores are resistant to thermal conditions and your germination reduces milk shelf-life because the aerobic bacteria that are sporulated produce proteases and lipases. The aim of this study was identify Paenibacillus sp., the spoilage microbiota, arising from the germination of spores in raw milk and your spoilage potential. Twenty different milk samples were treated at 80°C/12min and plated to isolate spore-forming bacteria. These strains were picked in milk agar and tributyrin agar for verification of their potential proteolytic and lipolytic activities, respectively. Amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of the strains for identification by similarity to the DNA sequences deposited in GenBank was performed. One hundred and thirty-seven isolates were obtained, of which 40 (29.2%) showed spoilage activity for milk. Of these, three (7.5%) were identified as strains of Paenibacillus sp., and all were lipolytic. Paenibacillus sp. have been identified as primarily responsible for the spoilage of pasteurized milk with a long shelf-life in other countries. To increase the shelf-life of Brazilian pasteurized milk, it is important to identify the sporulated microbes to determine their origin and to control the contamination of milk by vegetative forms such as spores.
Reproductive periods of Lucina pectinata (BIVALVE; LUCINIDAE) in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná - Brazil
Authors: Christo S. W. , Ivachuk C. S. , Ferreira-Júnior A. L. , Absher T. M.
Published: February 2016

Abstract The objectives of the present study is to describe the size for exploitation and gonadal maturation of L. pectinata in Peças Island in Paraná coast. Twenty two individuals were sampled every month, from an intertidal flat of the Peças River, Municipality of Guaraqueçaba, during two periods – summer/autumn and winter of the 2009. Environmental parameter data was obtained at the same time of the biological sampling: temperature, salinity and seawater transparency at the Peças River mouth. The animals’ height, length, width, gross weight, wet weight of meat and dry weight of meat were measured at the lab. The gonad development stages (GDS), condition index (CI) and yield index (Y) were calculated. Sex identification was conducted by direct observation of the gonads and gametes under an optic microscope. Individuals were classified as males (M), females (F) or undetermined (U). The medium height observed was of 49.62 ± 6.84 mm. Period of more expressive gonad repletion were observed in summer when water temperature was higher. Results of GDS in both periods showed a predominance of partially filled gonad stages. This may be related with the fact that L. pectinata has intense gametogenesis activity, that is, the organisms do not have a resting interval, but go back to gonad restructuring rapidly after releasing the gametes. The continuity of the reproductive cycle of the specimens found in both studied periods could demonstrate a possible continuous reproduction of the species and a size for exploitation above 40.00 mm of height.
What are the most important factors determining different vegetation types in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil?
Authors: Neves S. P. S. , Funch R. , Conceição A. A. , Miranda L. A. P. , Funch L. S.
Published: February 2016

Abstract A transect was used to examine the environmental and biological descriptors of a compact vegetation mosaic in the Chapada Diamantina in northeastern Brazil, including the floristic composition, spectrum of plant life forms, rainfall, and soil properties that defined areas of cerrado (Brazilian savanna), caatinga (seasonally dry tropical forest thorny, deciduous shrub/arboreal vegetation) and cerrado-caatinga transition vegetation. The floristic survey was made monthly from April/2009 to March/2012. A dendrogram of similarity was generated using the Jaccard Index based on a matrix of the species that occurred in at least two of the vegetation types examined. The proportions of life forms in each vegetation type were compared using the chi-square test. Composite soil samples were analyzed by simple variance (ANOVA) to examine relationships between soil parameters of each vegetation type and the transition area. The monthly precipitation levels in each vegetation type were measured and compared using the chi-square test. A total of 323 species of angiosperms were collected distributed in 193 genera and 54 families. The dendrogram demonstrated strong difference between the floristic compositions of the cerrado and caatinga, sharing 2% similarity. The chi-square test did not demonstrate any significant statistical differences between the monthly values of recorded rainfall. The organic matter and clay contents of the soilsin the caatinga increased while sand decreased, and the proportions of therophyte, hemicryptophyte, and chamaephyte life forms decreased and phanerophytes increased. We can therefore conclude that the floristic composition and the spectrum of life forms combined to define the cerrado and caatinga vegetation along the transect examined, with soil being the principal conditioning factor determining the different vegetation types, independent of precipitation levels.
Karyotypic diversity among three species of the genus Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Nishiyama P. B. , Vieira M. M. R. , Porto F. E. , Borin L. A. , Portela-Castro A. L. B. , Santos I. C. M.
Published: February 2016

Abstract The group Incertae sedis within the Characidae family currently includes 88 genera, previously included in the subfamily Tetragonopterinae. Among them is the genus Astyanax comprising a group of species with similar morphology and widely distributed in the Neotropics. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the karyotype diversity in Astyanax species from different watersheds by conventional Giemsa staining, C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH rDNA 18S) probe.specimens of Astyanax aff. paranae belonging to the “scabripinnis complex”, Astyanax asunsionensis and Astyanax aff. bimaculatus were analyzed”. Two sympatric karyomorphs were observed in Astyanax.aff paranae, one of them having2n=48andthe other one with 2n=50 chromosomes. Other population of this same species also presented 2n=50 chromosomes, but differing in the karyotype formula and with macro supernumerary chromosome found in 100% of the cells in about 80%of females analyzed. Two population of A. asuncionensis and one population of Astyanax. aff. bimaculatus, also showed a diploid number of 50 chromosomes, but also differing in their karyotype formulas. Therefore, A. asuncionensis was also characterized by intraspecific chromosome diversity. The C-banding analysis was able to demonstrate a distinctable to demonstrate a distinct pattern of heterochromatin differing A. asuncionensis from Astyanax aff. paranae and Astyanax aff. bimaculatus. The supernumerary chromosome of Astyanax aff. paranae proved completely heterochromatic. Only Astyanax.aff. bimaculatus multiple showed multiple sites of nucleolar organizing regions. The other species were characterized by having a simple system of NOR. These data contributes to the know ledge of the existing biodiversity in our fish fauna, here highlighted by the inter- and intraspecific chromosomal diversity in the genus Astyanax.
Physical characterization of Rhipsalis (Cactaceae) fruits and seeds germination in different temperatures and light regimes
Authors: Lone A. B. , Colombo R. C. , Andrade B. L. G. , Takahashi L. S. A. , Faria R. T.
Published: February 2016

Abstract The germination characteristics of the native cactus species are poorly known, being the temperature and the light the factors that the most interferes in that process. Thus, the objective of the present work was to characterize the fruits and evaluate the influence of the temperature and the light in the seed germination of Rhipsalis floccosa, Rhipsalis pilocarpa and Rhipsalis teres. The tested constant temperatures were 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C and the alternate of 20-30 °C and 25-35 °C in a photoperiod of 10 hours, and with determination of the most appropriate temperature, the germination was tested in light absence. The germination percentage, the index of germination speed and medium time of germination were evaluated. For R. floccosa, the highest germination percentage was at 20 °C. For R. pilocarpa and R. teres, the highest germination percentages occurred in 15 °C and 20 °C. There was correlation to germination percentage between the three species, indicating that they had similar germination behavior. Total absence of germination was verified for the three species in condition of light absence. In conclusion, the temperature of 20 °C is the most suitable for the seed germination of R. floccosa. For the species R. pilocarpa and R. teres, the temperatures of 15 and 20 °C are the most suitable.
Selectivity curves of the capture of mangrove crab (Ucides cordatus) on the northern coast of Brazil using bayesian inference
Authors: Furtado-Junior I. , Abrunhosa F. A. , Holanda F. C. A. F. , Tavares M. C. S.
Published: February 2016

Abstract Fishing selectivity of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus in the north coast of Brazil can be defined as the fisherman's ability to capture and select individuals from a certain size or sex (or a combination of these factors) which suggests an empirical selectivity. Considering this hypothesis, we calculated the selectivity curves for males and females crabs using the logit function of the logistic model in the formulation. The Bayesian inference consisted of obtaining the posterior distribution by applying the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to software R using the OpenBUGS, BRugs, and R2WinBUGS libraries. The estimated results of width average carapace selection for males and females compared with previous studies reporting the average width of the carapace of sexual maturity allow us to confirm the hypothesis that most mature individuals do not suffer from fishing pressure; thus, ensuring their sustainability.
A new species of Tripartiella (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) from Aequidens tetramerus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in north Brazil
Authors: Martins M. L. , Marchiori N. , Bittencourt L. S. , Tavares-Dias M.
Published: February 2016

Abstract A new species of Tripartiella is described from the gills of the wild saddle cichlid Aequidens tetramerus in north Brazil. Wet smears of skin and gills of examined fish were air-dried at room temperature and impregnated with Klein’s dry silver method for examination of the adhesive disc’s structures and denticles. Total prevalence of parasitism was 65%. This ciliate is characterized as a small-sized trichodinid, body diameter 37.03 ± 4.9 μm, adhesive disc 30.50 ± 2.71 μm, denticulate ring 13.28 ± 0.8 μm and 24 ± 2.0 denticles. Taxonomic and morphometric data for the new species are discussed.
Ensino da segurança do paciente na graduação em saúde: reflexões sobre saberes e fazeres
Authors: Bohomol Elena , Freitas Maria Aparecida de Oliveira , Cunha Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm
Published: February 2016

O estudo objetivou analisar Projetos Pedagógicos de cursos de graduação em Enfermagem, Farmácia, Fisioterapia e Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, para verificar o que se ensina sobre segurança do paciente. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, que utilizou como estratégia a pesquisa documental. Os documentos foram os Projetos Pedagógicos dos cursos. O ensino sobre segurança do paciente mostrou-se fragmentado, carecendo de aprofundamento e amplitude conceitual, conforme recomenda o guia da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Cada curso valoriza os aspectos específicos para a formação que quer dar. A inserção e a tentativa de unificação dos conteúdos sobre segurança do paciente ainda são uma proposição recente nas escolas do Brasil, e não faz parte dos objetivos escolares. Há necessidade de uma revisão dos currículos, para se contemplar uma abordagem interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar para o desenvolvimento deste tema.
Taxation of Insolvent Companies: Empirical Evidence in Portugal
Authors: Dinis Ana Cristina dos Santos Arromba , Lopes Cidália Maria da Mota , Silva Alexandre Miguel Fernandes Gomes da , Marcelino Pedro Miguel de Jesus
Published: February 2016

This article discusses the issue of taxation of insolvent companies in Portugal, particularly regarding the Portuguese tax on revenue of legal entities (IRC). For this purpose, first, some considerations on the legal framework of insolvent companies are woven and, second, their tax regime is analyzed. Then, a brief review of the main studies that, in the international context, analyze and debate major issues derived from the tax regime of insolvent companies is conducted, particularly in Brazil, Spain, United States, and Italy. Finally, there are the results of an empirical study conducted in Portugal, in 2013, which evaluates and compares the opinions of insolvency administrators (IA), the tax and customs authority (TA), and court magistrates (CM), in order to contribute to a better solution concerning business taxation under this regime. Respondents (IA, TA, CM) demonstrate objective thinking about the fact they believe it is very important that the Portuguese Code of Insolvency and Business Recovery (CIRE) and the Portuguese Code of Tax on Revenue of Legal Entities (CIRC) are modified, now to make clear whether the settlement of property ownership of an insolvent estate is liable to the IRC, then to assign a chapter specifically devoted to the subject of taxation on insolvency in Portugal.
Corporate Governance Characteristics as a Stimulus to Tax Management
Authors: Gomes Antônio Paulo Machado
Published: February 2016

This article aimed to investigate whether corporate governance uses tax management to increase companies' performance. The objective was checking whether corporate governance characteristics, such as remuneration paid to the executive board, segregation between Chairman and CEO, and the independence and composition of the Board of Directors, influence tax management in Brazilian companies. At the same time, it aimed to identify whether the preceding tax management is reflected on the subsequent tax management. To do this, a sample of 355 Brazilian companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA between 2008 and 2014 was used, in order to find out whether their corporate governance characteristics influenced tax management, something identified by calculating ETR, CashETR, and BTD. As a result, it was found (i) that the remuneration paid to executives may be regarded as a characteristic influencing tax management in Brazilian firms, and (ii) that the preceding tax management influences the future tax management. In addition, it was found that Brazilian companies do not rule out tax management benefits, since the average effective rate in the sample under analysis was 25%, and it is statistically lower than the nominal rate of taxes on earnings in Brazil, which is 34%.
The Relationship Between Board Interlocking and Income Smoothing Practices
Authors: Ribeiro Flávio , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: February 2016

This study aims to investigate the influence of board interlocking in income smoothing practices in public companies with shares traded on the BM&FBOVESPA. To achieve this objective we adopted a sample comprised of 58 Brazilian companies included in the Bovespa index. The study is classified as empirical and analytical and uses as a proxy for income smoothing a metric called the "smoothing factor" (SF), obtained through the factor analysis technique using the metrics EM1 and EM3 from Leuz, Nanda and Wysocki (2003). As independent variables we employed indicators of social network analysis. From a theoretical point of view, the study is relevant and innovates in making the connection between the resource dependence theory, the agency theory and board interlocking. In practical terms, the study shows the effects of the constitutive elements of corporate social networks, arising from the board interlocking structure, on income smoothing accounting practices. Regression with panel data using fixed effects showed that the constituent elements of corporate social networks tend to influence the practice of smoothing in the sample used. The results of the study show that companies that share board members with other organizations which smooth their results tend to adopt this organizational practice more easily, which can be explained by: (i) companies causing variations in performance due to operational decisions or financial reporting choices; and (ii) managers making use of discretionary practices in the reporting of profits.
Avaliação do acompanhamento e desfecho de casos de tuberculose em município do sul do Brasil
Authors: Lima Lílian Moura de , Harter Jenifer , Tomberg Jéssica Oliveira , Vieira Dagoberta Alves , Antunes Muriel Lucero , Cardozo-Gonzales Roxana Isabel
Published: February 2016

RESUMO Objetivos avaliar o acompanhamento e desfecho do tratamento de casos de tuberculose pulmonar no programa de controle da tuberculose de um município prioritário do Sul do Brasil. Métodos estudo quantitativo, descritivo, documental, utilizando prontuários das pessoas com tuberculose em tratamento entre 2009-2013, a coleta ocorreu entre junho e julho de 2014 no Programa de Controle da Tuberculose. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados a média de consultas, entre os 629 pacientes, foi de 7,2 por paciente, com intervalo médio de 1,03 meses entre as consultas. A média de baciloscopias foi de 2,7 exames por paciente, durante o período estudado. O desfecho do tratamento foi 87,8% de cura, 8,3% de abandono e 6,5% de óbitos. Conclusões apesar do alcance da taxa de cura, o abandono ainda é elevado, sendo necessário explorar estratégias para melhor a adesão ao tratamento, e o comprometimento da gestão municipal em articular o acompanhamento na atenção primária à saúde.
CONDIÇÕES DE PRODUÇÃO DE SENTIDOS EM TEXTOS DIDÁTICOS
Authors: Souza Suzani Cassiani de
Published: February 2016

Resumo: O trabalho discute o uso de textos numa escola de jovens e adultos, com um sistema de ensino individualizado localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo, na disciplina de ciências. Tomando como referência a análise do discurso da escola francesa, o trabalho enfatiza como alguns aspectos, considerados negativos pelos professores, puderam detonar propostas de mudanças, visando a melhoria do ensino naquela escola. Dentre esses aspectos negativos, cito a precariedade do material didático, atravessado pelo silêncio que foi imposto pelo político na época da ditadura. Também levanto a questão de que este mesmo material didático tão criticado pelos professores, pôde levar os estudantes à leituras e interpretações inesperadas, levando-nos a supor que as leituras dependem muito mais da interação entre os sujeitos e os textos, do que necessariamente do dizer do autor.
MODELOS E MODELIZAÇÕES NO ENSINO: UM ESTUDO DA CADEIA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Paz Alfredo Müllen da , Abegg Ilse , Alves Filho José de Pinho , Oliveira Vera Lúcia Bahl de
Published: February 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho aborda o processo de modelização no Ensino de Ciências Naturais, mais especificamente no ensino de Biologia. Primeiramente, abordam-se conceitualmente modelos e modelizações no ensino de ciências. Após esse procedimento é apresentado o exemplo de modelização da cadeia alimentar e, por fim, descreve-se uma situação transcorrida em sala de aula na qual é analisado o processo de ensino aprendizagem, mediado pelos modelos. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma situação didática desenvolvida na 4a série do ensino fundamental sobre o tema "cadeia alimentar". Foram utilizados nesse processo de ensino, os modelos e representações apresentadas em livros didáticos de diferentes séries, inclusive dos níveis médio e superior. Como conclusões, apontamos que os modelos devem ser utilizados como recursos aproximativos e não como realidades; como instrumentos de explicação e previsão produzidos com a intenção de uma melhor compreensão dos problemas educativos enfrentados. Nesse processo, é fundamental o papel do professor na implementação das situações de interação e aprendizagem necessárias.
UMA RELEITURA DO PAPEL DA PROFESSORA DAS SÉRIES INICIAIS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E APRENDIZAGEM DE CIÊNCIAS DAS CRIANÇAS
Authors: Lima Maria Emilia Caixeta de Castro , Maués Ely
Published: February 2016

Resumo: Em que consiste ensinar ciências para crianças? Que conhecimentos as professoras mobilizam ao ensinar ciências para as crianças? O que é mesmo que elas não sabem e que falta isso lhes faz? Que outros conhecimentos são essenciais para que tenham sucesso no ensino? Por que, mesmo com um suposto déficit de conteúdos conceituais, as professoras conseguem ensinar ciências e possibilitam com isso o desenvolvimento das crianças, preparando-as para etapas posteriores da aprendizagem de conceitos científicos? Como é que nós humanos nos constituímos como sujeitos da cultura? Que relações existem entre os conceitos cotidianos e científicos? Para responder a essas indagações nos aproximamos do ensino de ciências a partir da nossa experiência com professoras das séries iniciais, cotejando esses saberes com a perspectiva histórico-cultural de Vygotsky.
ANALOGIAS COMO FERRAMENTA DIDÁTICA NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA
Authors: Hoffmann Marilisa Bialvo , Scheid Neusa Maria John
Published: February 2016

Resumo: São muitas as reflexões em torno do papel das analogias como ferramenta didática na construção do conhecimento, tendo vários autores se dedicado ao estudo desse tema, como forma de aprimorar e enriquecer as informações já pesquisadas. Este trabalho evidenciou as analogias presentes em livros didáticos de Biologia do Ensino Médio, investigando quais são essas analogias e em quais categorias se encontram. Por fim, por meio dos resultados desta pesquisa, analisou-se o valor das analogias presente nos livros didáticos como ferramenta no Ensino de Biologia.