bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Teach-Back Effect on Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Farahaninia Marhamat , Hoseinabadi Tahere Sarboozi , Raznahan Rasool , Haghani Shima
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease, which is commonly associated with increased blood glucose levels caused by impaired secretion or function of insulin. Therefore, daily blood glucose control, adherence to a dietary and pharmaceutical regimen, regular physical
activity, and foot care are fundamental components of disease management. In order to optimize effective self-management, patients need to be trained. Teach-back is a method which aims to improve patients' understanding and perception of treatment regimens based on the interaction between
patient and caregiver. AIM: This study was conducted to investigate the impact of the teach-back method on the effectiveness of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: A total of 74 patients with T2D were included in the study by convenience sampling
at the Endocrine and Metabolism Clinic. The subjects were assigned to control or intervention group. Data collection was performed by using a demographic data form and a self-efficacy questionnaire that were provided to the patients before and 1 month after training. The patients in the intervention
group received a 5-session training program using the teach-back method. The control group received only routine programs. One month after completion of the training sessions, the questionnaires were completed by the subjects in the 2 groups, and the data obtained were analyzed. RESULTS:
In contrast to the control group, mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy were significantly higher in the intervention group one month after training by the teach-back method than before training. The two groups did not significantly differ regarding mean score of self-efficacy before
training, but there was a significant difference one month after training: the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Teach-back is a training procedure aimed at improving patients' understanding
of treatment regimens. This study showed that teach-back significantly improved patients' self-efficacy even over as short a period as one month. It may be interesting to study the long-term effects of this simple but effective training method.
Implementasi Risk Management Pada Pembiayaan Tabarok (Studi Kasus di BPRS SPM Pamekasan)
Authors: Basyirah Luthfiana , Ritonga Iskandar , Mugiyati
Published: October 2021

Pembiayaan Tabarok (Tanpa Agunan dan Barokah) merupakan salah satu produk yang disalurkan oleh Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah SPM Pamekasan kepada masyarakat dengan menerapkan akad muḍārabah dan tanpa agunan dalam melaksanakan aktivitas UMKM. Sejak terjadi kasus Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease- 19) yang semakin meluas di Indonesia menyebabkan lumpuhnya kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa hal tersebut akan sangat berpengaruh dan menyebabkan beberapa permasalahan khususnya dalam berbagai kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi. Hal tersebut juga akan berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan Perbankan Shariah, termasuk BPRS SPM Pamekasan yang akan dihadapkan dengan beberapa risiko dengan tingkatan kompleksitas yang berbeda-beda, hal tersebut akan terus berdampingan dengan kegiatan bisnis. Dengan demikian, suatu lembaga perlu melakukan implementasi manajemen risiko dengan tujuan untuk mencegah adanya risiko pembiayaan yang kemungkinan terjadi di kemudian hari. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi risk management pada pembiayaan Tanpa Agunan dan Barokah di BPRS SPM Pamekasan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian studi kasus.  Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa, implementasi risk management pada pembiayaan Tabarok di BPRS SPM Pamekasan menggunakan 5 (lima) proses manajemen risiko, yaitu identifikasi risiko, pengukuran risiko, monitoring risiko, pengendalian risiko, dan penyelamatan risiko.
Pengaruh Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Keinginan Berpindah Karyawan PT Panin Bank Tbk di Jakarta
Authors: Firman Syah Ardy
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pengujian secara sistematis Pengaruh Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Keinginan Berpindah karyawan PT Panin Bank Tbk di Jakarta. Sampel yang digunakan adalah karyawan PT. Panin Bank Tbk yang ada di Jakarta dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 80 orang. Analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menguji 4 variabel yaitu Kompensasi (X1), Lingkungan Kerja (X2), dan Kepuasan Kerja (X3) sebagai variabel bebas dan Keinginan Berpindah (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Pengujian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi berpengaruh dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,300 (negatif dan signifikan) terhadap keinginan berpindah. Lingkungan kerja juga berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0.214 terhadap keinginan berpindah. Selanjutnya, kepuasan kerja juga mempunyai pengaruh negatif secara signifikan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0.188 terhadap keinginan berpindah.
Geological results of the A.A. Chernov Upper-Pechora team
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Ponomarenko E.S.
Published: October 2021

The year 1921 marks the beginning of a systematic study of the north of the Urals, which was initiated by the research of the Upper Pechora Geological Team under the leadership of A.A. Chernov, conducted in the Ilych River basin. The research of this territory continues to this day, the author of this paper gives a retrospective analysis of some of A.A. Chernov conclusions in his preliminary report of 1922. The history and some results of the study of Paleozoic reef for-mations are discussed. They are widely distributed in the Ilych River basin and poorly subjected to secondary transfor-mations. A.A. Chernov, in his report, described the bright prospects of the graphite discovered during research. However, upon further investigation, Ilych graphite turned out to be a “beautiful fairy tale” and, after the discovery of the Pe-chora coal basin, it was forgotten. The history of the study and repeated attempts to explore and extract lead ores in the Shantym-Priluk tract, which lasted almost until the 1960s of the XX century, is considered.
Estrategias de Afrontamiento Familiar y la Prevalencia del Consumo de Alcohol en Adolescentes de Secundaria.
Authors: Victorino Barra Arminda , Hernández Ramírez Griselda , Mateo Crisóstomo Yadira , González Suárez Mariana , Rivas Acuña Valentina
Published: October 2021

Introducción. El afrontamiento es un proceso dinámico, se define como conjunto de recursos que la persona utiliza para resolver o mejorar situaciones problemáticas y reducir tensiones que estas situaciones generan. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las Estrategias de Afrontamiento Familiar y la Prevalencia de Consumo de Alcohol en Adolescentes de Secundaria. Materiales y métodos. El presente estudio fue descriptivo correlacional, con una muestra de 171 estudiantes, con un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento Familiar que analiza las estrategias de afrontamiento de la familiar, y entre estos recursos, estudia el apoyo social de la comunidad, los amigos y vecinos, las estrategias en la resolución de los problemas, la evaluación que la familiar del estresor, el apoyo espiritual y la inclinación a pedir ayuda. Resultados. La prevalencia de consumo de alcohol teniendo la prevalencia global con un 59,6%, IC 95% [0,52-0,67]; la prevalencia làpsica con el 43,3% IC 95% [0,36-0,51]; la prevalencia actual con el 33,9% IC 95% [0,27-0,41] y con el 17% IC 95% [0,11-0,23] la prevalencia instantánea. En lo que respecta a la relación que existe entre las estrategias de afrontamiento familiar y la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol, se encontró una relación negativa y significativa (rs=-.290, p=.003). Conclusión. A menor estrategias de afrontamiento familiares externas (apoyo amigo/familiares, apoyo espiritual, apoyo formal y apoyo vecinos) que perciben los adolescentes menor será la edad de inicio de consumo de alcohol de los estudiantes de secundaria.
Experiencias de padres de hijos con diagnóstico de cáncer en un Hospital infantil de Villahermosa Tabasco
Authors: Cruz-Sánchez Marcelina
Published: October 2021

ANTECEDENTES: El cáncer infantil es un problema de salud que afecta al niño/a y a su familia, motivo por el que se ha estudiado en diversos países, y continúa siendo preocupante para los profesionales de la salud como las enfermeras. OBJETIVO: Explorar las experiencias de las familias que viven con un niño con cáncer. MÉTODO:
Estudio cualitativo con muestreo intencional, se entrevistó a 12 padres (madre o padre) de un niño con cáncer. Los datos fueron analizados siguiendo el proceso hermenéutico RESULTADOS: la experiencia de los padres atraviesa primero, por el proceso de diagnóstico, que a veces requiere la valoración de más un profesional de la salud (médico general, pediatra, oncólogo pediatra), para finalmente determinar cuál es el problema de salud y cuáles son las alternativas de tratamiento. Este proceso genera mucha angustia y sentimientos de culpa e impotencia; segundo, el proceso del tratamiento, enfrentar los efectos secundarios de la medicación y la incertidumbre de saber si con el se recuperará la salud de los niños/as; tercero, el afrontamiento familiar, que en algunos casos une y en otros separa a los integrantes de la familia y por último la relación con el personal de salud (médicos, enfermeras, psicólogos y trabajadoras sociales), que al decir de las informantes siempre estuvieron para apoyarlos. CONCLUSIONES: los/las informantes, experimentan angustia, dolor, culpa e impotencia ante el diagnóstico de cáncer en sus hijos, los profesionales de la salud, están conminados a tener en cuenta estos sentimientos a fin de mejorar la relación médico-paciente
Percepción sobre la diabetes y calidad de su control en indígenas Chontales. Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Arias Hernández Isabel , Avalos-García María Isabel , Priego Álvarez Heberto Romeo
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Interpretar la percepción de pacientes indígenas chontales sobre su enfermedad y la calidad en el control de la diabetes tipo 2 en el estado de Tabasco en México. Material y métodos: Se realizó investigación cualitativa en tres unidades médicas que dan atención a población indígena chontal. Participaron 44 personas con diabetes tipo 2 en cuatro grupos focales, se emplearon guías de entrevista y dinámica de grupos. Para el análisis de los datos se empleó el software MAXQDA, se integraron los discursos más representativos, estos fueron documentados, organizados, categorizados y codificados. Resultados: Los discursos de las indígenas chontales revelan que los problemas que perciben para lograr la calidad en el control de su enfermedad son: su situación económica precaria, desigualdad y rezago para recibir atención médica, el escaso apoyo de la familia, la hegemonía del médico en la atención, la violencia doméstica en el caso de las mujeres, la necesidad de ser tratados como personas y no como una enfermedad, la manera como descifran su enfermedad, basada en mitos y creencias erróneas.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio muestran que la cosmovisión de las personas para comprender la diabetes que padecen y lograr su control metabólico, es clave para los servicios de salud en la mejora de la calidad.
Alcoholismo parental como factor de riesgo para el desempeño social en adolescentes
Authors: Páez-Landeta Rubén , Páez Llerena Alejandro , Riofrio Mora Ivan , Llerena Montes Gardenia
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT:
Objective: Analyze the relationship between parental alcoholism and social performance in adolescents (who assist to school) from 12 to 17 years of age, in Quito year 2018. Subjects, materials and methods: Desing, analytical, retrospective of cases and controls was used. Participants include 274 students from the secondary level of education, 137 selected as cases and 137 as controls. The ESPERI test was applied for diagnosis or early detection of behavioral disorders in adolescents, and the AUDIT test to evaluate alcoholism in parents. An informed consent was applied to parents and authorities of educational institutions. Results: Significant association was detected between parental alcoholism and social performance, using Chi2 test (95%) = 16.92 p <0.05. Parental alcoholism is a risk factor for social performance. OR = 2.99. CI (95%) = 2.21- 3.77. Conclusions. The relationship between parental alcoholism and the problems derived from it is significant, but are not unicausal, uniform, simple and linear. It is necessary to study more about the disorders that alcoholism generates in mental health of girls, boys and adolescents (depression, anxiety, impulsiveness, challenging attitudes, aggressive behaviors, attention deficit).
Evaluación de calidad en los servicios de salud: un análisis desde la percepción del usuario
Authors: Moreno Treviño Jorge Omar , Luna Domínguez Edgar Mauricio , Zurita Garza Diego René
Published: October 2021

We study the determinants of the quality assessment of public and private health services using the Monterrey Metropolitan Area (AMM) as a case study. For this purpose, we used the information from the “Así Vamos 2018” survey, whose design allows representativeness at the state, municipal, and gender levels. We identify which characteristics are most valued in the perception of quality for each type of health service, as well as the context variables of the user that determine this evaluation. Two statistical methods are used: factor analysis and a regression model with limited dependent variable (Tobit). The results suggest significant differences in the determinants of quality between public and private health services. While the most important aspect for IMSS users is the attention of the staff, for Seguro Popular users it is the quality of the facilities. Access to longer office hours and care by medical personnel increases the probability of obtaining better evaluations.
Análisis del conocimiento sobre salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes escolarizados de México
Authors: Vera Alanís Lorena Yuliana , Fernández Fuertes Andrés Avelino
Published: October 2021

Objective: To establish a predictive model to estimate knowledge about sexual and reproductive health in schooled adolescents who have not initiated a sexual coital life; for this purpose, the sex and age of the participants in the study will be considered. 
Materials and Methods: Correlational descriptive study in 385 students from 12 to 19 years old from Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. We applied a personal data card and the Scale of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Sexual and Reproductive Health, which only considered the category of “Knowledge” relating to the dimensions of sexual and reproductive health. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests (χ²), Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression were carried out, all with a 95% confidence interval.
Results: A significant correlation was found between age and knowledge about sexual and reproductive health (r = .382, p < .001). It was also shown that age was the only predictor that is significant for both sexual health knowledge (β = .571 p < .001) and reproductive health (β = .324, p < .001).
Conclusions: Many adolescents who took part in this study lack essential knowledge to differentiate between safe and risky sexual behavior. For this reason, in Mexico, it is considered relevant to implement more decisive training actions that guarantee that all adolescents receive comprehensive sexual education, in line with different national and international recommendations.
Functional structure of the subway train traffic control system complex
Authors:   JSC Transmashholding, Averchenkov E. O. , Baranov L. A. ,   Russian University of Transport, Shevchenko M. A. ,   State Unitary Enterprise “Moscow Metro”
Published: October 2021

The main architectural aspects of metro train traffic control systems are presented. The structure of train traffic control processes is presented with the example of the State Unitary Enterprise “Moscow Metro” and the main tasks that need to be solved to achieve high levels of automation of train traffic control in subways are described. A functional structure of a complex of metro train traffic control systems is presented, covering the levels of organization and planning of train traffic, operational traffic control and direct executive systems. The relationship between objects of automation and remote control of train movement, devices of the operational level and systems of organization and planning of movement are shown. The necessity of re-equipping the metro with means of ensuring transport safety and linking them with traffic control systems such as: means of informing passengers, providing the possibility of promptly informing passengers both during normal operation of the transport system and in case of emergency situations, means of communication “passenger – control center (situation center)” is shown. The latter ensures interaction between passengers and operational personnel of the subway, and if necessary, video surveillance equipment that provides enhanced remote control of the current situation in the interior of rolling stock cars and on platforms. The use of complex systems for controlling the movement of trains in subways increases the efficiency of their use by increasing the throughput and carrying capacity, accurate fulfillment of the traffic schedule and the possibility of its rapid recovery in case of failures. At the same time, traffic safety increases by reducing the likelihood of dangerous train convergence , and also the energy consumption for train traction is reduced due to the choice of energy-optimal train control modes and the optimal distribution of travel time along the line by the criterion of minimum energy consumption for the duration of travel along the tracks
The technology of using fuzzy cognitive maps from a mathematical point of view
Authors: Rykov Yuri Germanovich
Published: October 2021

A broader view of the technology of fuzzy cognitive maps is described, in which the cognitive map is considered as a carrier of computational procedures. This approach can be described as a generalized system dynamics. This interpretation makes it easier to obtain theoretical results that can characterize the behavior of complex systems. In particular, in the case of simple computational procedures, the relationship between the degree of influence of factors and the structure of the system, namely, the presence of connecting paths and cycles in the corresponding digraph, is clarified.
Measuring media liberalism or dirigisme degree by country
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Allakhverdieva Leyli Ali
Published: October 2021

The author measures the degree of of the public regulation of the information services provision via media (media liberalism degree), namely via printed media, and television and radio broadcasting. The methodology of measurement of media liberalism degree (media freedom subindex) is part of the index of liberalism (or dirigisme in opposite) of information services, prepared according to Professor N. Muzaffarli’s assessment of the degree of the government intervention in the economy. In order to measure the media freedom subindex, the following indicators are used: the VAT index on printed publications, the VAT index on television and radio broadcasting, the index of license fee for watching TV, the VAT index of license fee for watching TV, the index of penalty for late VAT payment, the corporate tax index, the ratio of private and the state TV channels subindex. Measuring those indices in the studied group of countries made it possible to establish that: 1) Azerbaijan and Georgia are the most liberal countries with regard to the VAT index on printed publications, Bulgaria is the most dirigiste country; 2) the minimal VAT index on television and radio broadcasting is observed in Malta, the maximal - in Hungary; 3) in most countries the index of license fee for watching TV is lowest, with Austria having the highest indicator; 4) in Azerbaijan, the Russian Federation, Georgia and Armenia there is no concept of license fee for watching TV, respectively there is no related VAT; in the UK, Ireland, Malta, the Netherlands and Sweden this type of tax is not levied either; 5) the most liberal country in terms of the index of penalty for late VAT payment is Hungary, whereas Slovenia is the most dirigiste; 6) the most liberal country with regard to the corporate tax index is Hungary, while the most dirigiste is Malta; 7) in most countries the ratio of the private and state-owned TV channels subindex is equal to zero (there are no local public TV channels), with France being the most dirigiste country in terms of the subindex mentioned above. It can be noted that the most liberal media belong to Cyprus, the most dirigiste - to France. In most of the researched countries the media are more liberal than the relative center shows. It has been found that most countries with a higher level of economic development adhere to less dirigiste media policies, and vice versa. Also, there are countries that do not lend themselves to this pattern, for example, Ireland.
Credit guarantees in Ukraine’s agriculture: a development mechanism based on international practices
Authors:   M. E. Zhukovsky Kharkiv National Aerospace University, Starodubtsev Andrii , Bakai Yulia ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the conceptual approaches to the credit guarantee system as an effective mechanism of state support for agriculture. The importance of introducing a credit guarantee system in Ukraine and creating the Fund for Partial Credit Guarantee in Agriculture, a specialized non-banking financial institution, is emphasized. This will help to overcome obstacles to crediting small and medium agricultural enterprises. The authors have analyzed global credit guarantee schemes. The purpose of this paper is to develop proposals for amendments to the Draft Law «On the Fund for Partial Credit Guarantee in Agriculture», in particular a need to provide legal grounds for non-banking financial institutions, the form of business entities, their mission, criteria for agricultural subjects eligible for partial credit guarantees, financing of the relevant institutions and defining the related management bodies, as well as bodies of state regulation and supervision. The problem statement is attributable to the fact that the effectiveness of institutions providing credit guarantees for small and medium enterprises in agriculture plays an important role in the national economies of most countries. The authors have proposed an approximate financial model of the Fund for Partial Credit Guarantee in Agriculture and made the required economic calculations. Thus, with an initial authorized capital of EUR 10 million, the Fund for Partial Credit Guarantee in Agriculture, with 50% coverage, is able to provide guarantees for the purchase of 25 thousand hectares of arable land by small and medium enterprises at an average cost of EUR 820/ha, taking into account the average normative monetary assessment of agricultural land by regions. Consequently, credit enforcement will allow banking institutions not only to balance credit risk, but also to open access to small and medium agricultural enterprises to bank crediting to the extent necessary for the purchase of agricultural land and investments in production.
Consumer interest with regard to product completeness, promotion and location: the case of Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Wijaya Putra, Utari Woro , Sudaryanto  ,   Universitas Jember, Jannah Nur ,   Universitas Wijaya Putra, Sobakh Nurus ,   Universitas PGRI Wiranegara Pasuruan, Rusdiyanto  ,   Universitas Airlangga Indonesia
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the impact of product completeness, promotion and location on consumer interest in buying at Sentra Kuliner Pakal Benowo Surabaya in East Java (Indonesia) in the year 2020. This study is based on a sample of 100 people and conducted with the use of quantitative methods. The findings prove that product completeness affects purchase interest the most; promotion has a medium effect on purchase interest, whereas location has no significant effect on purchase interest. Thus, traders are advised to pay attention to product completeness and promotion in order to maintain consumer purchase interest.
Development of the intellectual capital of an enterprise as a competitive advantage in production management
Authors:   Altai State University, Voronkova Olga , Stepanenko Olga ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Balamirzoev Nazim ,   Daghestan State Technical University, Makarenko Svetlana ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Nurumov Aldanysh ,   Finance Academy of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of the study is to investigate the development of the intellectual capital of an enterprise as a competitive advantage of industrial management. Taking into consideration theoretical studies and overviews of the experience of Russian firms today, it can be stated that Russian businesses are primarily based on the current conditions for the survival of companies, rather than on generating potential business opportunities, which does not lead to the creation of intangible assets and the formation of intellectual capital. At the same time, the majority of managers share the opinion of scientists that the formation and creation of the intellectual capital of an organization is a key factor in ensuring the company’s strategic success. A business that pays more attention to the growth of intellectual resources and production of intangible assets has greater competitive advantages. Based on the findings of different empirical studies, it can be argued that the organization’s management perceives intellectual capital as a component that ensures success, competitive advantage, and, ultimately, the company’s economic development.
Labeling local brand to increase coffee shop visits during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Institute Agama Islam Negeri Pekalongan, Susminingsih  , Alias Norma ,   University Technology Malaysia, Supriyanto Achmad Sani ,   Universitas Negeri Malang, Kanafi Imam ,   Institute Agama Islam Negeri Pekalongan, Subiyadi Ahmad ,   Institute Agama Islam Negeri Pekalongan
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic period has become a distraction and a challenge for the café business due to physical restrictions and large numbers of employees working from home. This research aims to describe how local labeling brands can increase coffee shop visits during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. While conducting this research, the authors used a quantitative approach. The population are the consumers who come to local coffee shops. The research samples were chosen by purposive and accidental sampling. A total of 758 respondents responded and sent questionnaires back via email and WhatsApp in 2020. The analysis was conducted by using the statistical software SPSS 26 and the AMOS 23 version to identify the relationship between the variables. The research proves that Indonesian coffee brands are well known. The local culture of coffee drinking has transformed from daily activity into popular culture. The quality of coffee, the psychological effects, and the performance of the café influence consumer intentions to visit coffee shops. Local coffee shops have become a preference for consumer visits.
The functioning of the credit market in the European Union and the consequences of legal regulations regarding the cost of credit on the example of Poland
Authors:   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Wasilewska Natalia
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this work is to determine the level of financial obligations the borrower assumes when obtaining a loan in Poland, depending on the conditions under a credit agreement, circumstances related to getting and repayment of the loan. It is found that from to January 2008 to January 2021 in emerging market economies the level of credit to the non-financial sector in the percentage of GDP is increasing to 240%, in Member states of the Euro area - about 292%. The study found that in countries in the emerging market group, the level of financing increases much quickly than in Euro area. Thus, in January 2021 compared to January 2008, the level of financing (credit to non-financial sector from all sectors at market value) in emerging market economies has tripled, while in Euro area member countries this ratio increased on 33%. In Poland, the level of financing during mentioned period increased to 141.1% and as of January 2021 amounted to USD 881.8 bln. The development of bank lending is only possible if there is a transparent relationship between the banks and the borrowers that helps to minimize credit risk. The analysis of credit legislation in the EU countries made it possible to find that there is a problem with presentation of information on the calculation of the credit costs in a transparent and understandable way. It was established that the credit costs in Poland, taking into account its maximum level, can have a significant impact on the borrower’s creditworthiness and obtaining information on the «real» credit costs is necessary to make good decisions by a potential debtor. According to the results of the study, algorithms for calculating the credit cost were proposed, that make it possible to present all components of the costs and its level depending on the conditions for granting a loan. The results of the research can be used by potential borrowers before deciding to take a loan in a Poland bank to determine all the costs related to the loan. The research is in line with an idea of «economisation of law» or «financialisation of law».
Features of application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by international companies
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Zinisha Olga , Kharchenko Ekaterina ,   I. Ivanov Kursk State Agricultural Academy, Avdeev Yuri ,   Vologda State University, Pavlova Nailya ,   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Maltsev Iaroslav ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: October 2021

The present paper touches upon features of application of International Financial Reporting Standards by international companies. Financial analysis as a methodology is considered from different points of view. In terms of theory, it is science, however in terms of practice, it is a set of measures to generate useful information in management based on financial reporting indicators. The development strategy is oriented towards the future. At the same time it is based on the experience of previous activities and obtained results and takes into account positive and negative factors. Strategies are usually developed in several ways, yet only the most optimal is implemented. The optimality itself depends on the conditions in which an enterprise operates, as well as on the conditions that are expected to be, and on the potential of the enterprise (resources and personnel). The study of the theory of financial analysis shows the ambiguity of the approaches which authors come to while studying the concept of financial analysis.
Custom 3D-Printed Triflange Implants for Treatment of Severe Acetabular Defects, with and without Pelvic Discontinuity
Authors: Goriainov Vitali , King Leonard J. , Oreffo Richard O.C. , Dunlop Douglas G.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Treatment of massive acetabular defects, both with and without pelvic discontinuity, is challenging. The implants utilized in the surgical procedure need to be stable and integrate with poor host bone stock. In the present study, we describe our experience addressing this challenge.

Methods:

We identified all patients who underwent surgical implantation of a custom 3D-printed triflange prosthesis with dual-mobility bearings for the treatment of Paprosky 3B acetabular defects between 2014 and 2020. Operative, functional, and radiographic outcomes were assessed.

Results:

A total of 19 patients were identified, including 11 women. The mean age was 77 years (range, 53 to 91 years), and 8 patients (42%) had proven or likely pelvic discontinuity. The mean follow-up was 53 months (range, 17 to 88 months; mode, 57 months). The cumulative implant survivorship was 100%. Two patients suffered notable sciatic nerve palsy, with 1 case being recurrent. There were no dislocations or fractures. The mean Oxford Hip Score improved significantly, from a mean of 8.6 (range, 0 to 22) preoperatively to 35 (range, 10 to 48) postoperatively (p < 0.0001). Radiographically, there was excellent correlation between implant position and the preoperative plan (p > 0.05). There were no cases of implant loosening or migration, which suggests that stabilization was achieved even among cases with pelvic discontinuity.

Conclusions:

These early results suggest that the use of a custom 3D-printed triflange implant has potential advantages over traditional constructs in the treatment of massive acetabular defects, with and without pelvic discontinuity. Excellent implant survivorship and functional improvement were demonstrated in this challenging patient cohort.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Modul Praktikum Makhluk Hidup Dan Kehidupan
Authors:   Nur Efendi, Wulandari Fitria Eka
Published: October 2021

Modul ini disusun untuk menunjang kegiatan praktikum mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah “MAKHLUK HIDUP DAN KEHIDUPAN”, Seperti layaknya sebuah modul, maka pembahasan dimulai dari pemaparan materi sampai lembar kerja mahasiswa. Dengan demikian pengguna modul ini secara mandiri dapat melakukan kegiatan praktikum secara mandiri. Modul ini terdiri 8 percobaan yang disajikan dan wajib diselesaikan semua. Hal ini dikarenakan praktikum ini merupakan syarat lulus menempuh mata kuliah Elektronika dasar.
The Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Destinasi Wisata Syariah: Tujuan Fenomena (Studi Kasus Pada Wisata Syariah Utama Raya Banyuglugur Situbondo)
Authors: Saifuddin  , Mukarromah Sofiyatul
Published: October 2021

Wisata syariah merupakan wisata yang mengedepankan nilai dan norma keislaman yang sesuai dengan syariat islam sebagai landasan dasarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui atau melihat bagaimana persepsi masyarakat atau wisatawan terhadap destinasi wisata syariah di Utama Raya Banyuglugur Situbondo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey yang dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kusioner terhadap 55 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wisatawan dan masyarakat setempat memiliki persepsi baik terhadap wisata syariah di Utama Raya, menurut hasil data yang terlah terkumpulkan. Wisatawan dan masyarakat setempat sangat antusias dengan adanya wisata syariah di Utama Raya.
Possible Delayed Recurrence of Sporadic Spinal Hemangioblastoma after Complete Surgical Resection: A Case Report
Authors: Jung Bongmin , Kim Soo Yeon , Choe Woo Jin , Lim So Dug
Published: October 2021

Spinal cord hemangioblastoma (HBL) is a highly vascularized tumor that occurs sporadically or in relation to von Hippel-Lindau disease. Sporadic-type HBLs in the spinal cord usually present as single lesions that are potentially curable by complete surgical resection, with a low rate of recurrence. We report a case of a totally excised sporadic-type spinal cord HBL with multiple recurrences observed 10 years after surgery. Long-term follow-up may be necessary for spinal cord HBL, even in cases of complete resection.
Differentiation between Spinal Intramedullary Astrocytoma and Spinal Multiple Sclerosis Using Clinical and Radiologic Factors
Authors: Jang Hyeongyu , Kang Moo Sung
Published: October 2021

Objective: Both spinal multiple sclerosis (SMS) and spinal intramedullary astrocytoma (SIA) are rare space-occupying lesions in the spinal cord and clinically show various myelopathy symptoms. Both clinical and imaging findings are similar and are easily misdiagnosed. This study is to clarify clinical and radiographic finding that could be helpful to differentiate SMS from SIA.Methods: We compared the demographic, clinical, and radiographic characteristics between the SIA and SMS groups. The SIA group (n=13) was diagnosed postoperatively with pathologic confirmation, and the SMS group (n=25) was composed of patients who have a lesion in the spinal cord and met the McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (criteria revised in 2010).Results: Clinically, patients with SIA had a significantly longer symptom duration before the first visit than SMS (4.9±4.4 vs. 2.1±3.6 months, p=0.008). All persons with SIA showed progressive disease course, whereas 95.8% of persons with SMS showed remission (p<0.001). In contrast to SMS, the involvement of both halves of the spinal cord was more frequently observed in patients with SIA (p<0.001). In addition, fusiform dilation in the sagittal plane (p<0.001) or tumoral cyst (p=0.001) also significantly suggested SIA rather than SMS.Conclusion: Despite many limitations of this study, the present data demonstrated the clinical and imaging features helpful in distinguishing SIA from SMS. As with most tumors, SIA tends to show a slowly progressive clinical course without remission. Occupation of both halves of the spinal cord, fusiform dilation, or cysts was favoring radiographic factor for the SIA.
Computed Tomography/Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fogging Effect in the Subacute Stage of Ischemic Cerebral Infarct: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Park Geo Seong , Jang Hyoung-Gyu , Park Jung-Soo , Lee Jong-Myong , Koh Eun Jeong , Choi Ha-Young
Published: October 2021

Acute cerebral infarctions usually demonstrate hypodensity on non-contrast computed tomography (CT). However, in some cases, cerebral infarctions may appear to be isodense on imaging conducted during the subacute stage (2-3 weeks after onset). This phenomenon was previously called the fogging effect and has also been reported in magnetic resonance imaging. It is generally reported at T2 image, but can also be observed in diffusion-weighted image (DWI). We report three cases of the fogging effect demonstrated on CT and DWI that was conducted in the subacute stage of ischemic cerebral infarcts. The fogging effect can result in incorrect judgment during the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction patients in the subacute stage. Therefore, it is important that clinicians anticipate this occurrence and necessitates the development of better detection methodologies.
Different Pathology of Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: 3 Cases
Authors: Park Gi Jeong , Kim Sang Hoon , Kim Ki Hong , Kim Dae Hyun
Published: October 2021

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disease that predisposes affected individuals to tumors. Neurofibroma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) are examples of PNSTs that occur either sporadically or as part of hereditary neurocutaneous diseases such as NF1. We treated three patients with NF1 who presented with different PNSTs. All patients underwent surgical resection, and pathologic findings indicated neurofibroma, atypical neurofibroma, and MPNST, respectively. We managed each case based on its pathology. The patient with MPNST died after chemoradiotherapy; the other patients did not experience recurrence for several months.
Cauda Equina Syndrome from Subdural Hematoma after Caudal Epidural Injection
Authors: Oh Jung Jae , Park Jong-Hyeok , Kim Jong Tae
Published: October 2021

Caudal epidural injection (CEI) is commonly used to manage patients with low back or leg pain, but cauda equine syndrome (CES) rarely results from epidural and/or subdural hematoma occurred after the procedure. A 71-year-old man presented at our outpatient department with voiding difficulty and radiating pain in both legs 8 days ago after CEI. The patient also complained pain and numbness of saddle area, CES. He had taken clopidogrel for 8 years after cardiac stent insertion. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed subdural hematoma at the L5-S1-S2 level. The patient underwent urgent surgical treatment for hematoma evacuation. We finally recognized that subdural hematoma in lumbar MRI was found to subdural-extra arachnoid hematoma as considering intraoperative findings. To the best of our knowledge, few cases of this complication have been reported after CEI. Subdural hematoma often is concomitant with subarachnoid hematoma. Subdural and subarachnoid hematoma is associated with poor clinical outcomes due to severe edema of nerve rootlets. However, no evidence of edema and swelling of nerve rootlets was observed during surgery in our case. As a result, the patient achieved full recovery more than we expected unlike the case of subdural and subarachnoid hematoma.
Towards Religious Metaphysics: Overcoming Nietzschean Nihilism in Sergei Bulgakov’s Philosophy
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economic, Ilin Ivan Yu.
Published: October 2021

Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical views had a serious impact on the Russian thought of the Silver Age. In this article I show that one of those influenced by the German thinker was Sergei Bulgakov, despite the fact that in his writings he practically did not consider the philosophy of Nietzsche by itself. Unlike a num­ber of other contemporaries who were greatly impressed by the works of Niet­zsche, Bulgakov did not take his philosophy in a complementary way, but took it critically. The article puts forward and substantiates the thesis about the key im­portance of the figure of Nietzsche for Bulgakov in 1900–1910. Nietzschean philosophy in many ways becomes for the Russian thinker the “negative” basis, criticism of which allows Bulgakov to formulate in many respects the provisions of his own, religiously tinged idealistic metaphysics. Bulgakov treats Nietzsche exclusively as an anti-Christian and atheist. Subsequently, when Bulgakov pro­ceeds to build his religious-metaphysical system, references to Nietzsche disap­pear: his ideas lose their ontological significance and polemical relevance for Bulgakov
The Language of Religion and the Language of Religious Studies
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Yablokov Igor N.
Published: October 2021

he article deals with one of the important issues of the theory of religion – the issue of the language of religion and its relationship with the language of re­ligious studies. The language of religion is understood as a sign system that in­cludes linguistic units – words (names), compound naming conventions, phrase­ological units, sentences – which have religious meanings. Words (names) of the language of religion mean hypostatized beings, properties, connections, transfor­mations, as well as real objects, persons, actions, events with attributive proper­ties. The language of religion is a means of coding religious thinking, objec­tification and expression of religious consciousness, a means of religious communication. The language of religion is semantic and symbolic. The linguis­tic expression of religious consciousness is characterized by a certain syntag­matic, which is a set of syntactic intonation-semantic units. In these units, words, phrases, sentences and phonation, alliteration using techniques of sound expres­siveness are combined into semantic integrity. In the language of religion, satu­rated with analogies, words are often used allegorically; texts are replete with metaphor; allegories, archaisms, historicisms, antonyms are widely used. This language is characterized by emotional and evaluative tension, recitation, a pecu­liar intonational style, constant and multiple repetitions of the same linguistic units. Thanks to a language, religious consciousness turns out to be practical and effective, it becomes both social and individual reality. The language of religious studies is interpreted as a “language of the second order”, as a “metalanguage” of the language of religion. The article shows the need of correlating the mean­ings of the corresponding names in different national languages of religious stud­ies in the process of interlingual communication of scholars who represent dif­ferent national cultures
The Concept of Karma in the Philosophy of Hindu Tantrism Part II
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of Man, Herzen University, Pakhomov Sergey V.
Published: October 2021

The tantric interpretation of karma is in many ways in line with general Indian be­liefs. Karma is a complex causal mechanism that enslaves souls, which itself, in turn, is based on the activities of these souls. The actions of the soul arise from karmic impulses, which prepare it for a certain experience. Tantra knows the vari­ous classifications of karma (as valuable as neutral) and karmic fruits, as well as bodies into which souls enter under the influence of karma. Karma is “sleeping” and “waking up”. The Supreme God controls karma for his own purposes, provid­ing the souls with their well-deserved living conditions; the unfolding of the world itself correlates with an increase in karmic activity. In Kashmir Śaivism, karma be­comes one of the three main types of enslavement of individuals (kārma-mala) and a direct source of saṃsāra. “Karma is the cause of saṃsāra” (Abhinavagupta). Karma is a part of the universal restrictive mechanism, niyati (Utpaladeva). The distinction between an action that carries karmic consequences (karma) and an action that doesn’t carry such consequences (kriyā) can also be considered a tantric contribution to the concept of karma. Representatives of the Nātha school under­stand karma as a part of the physical body and distinguish five types of karma
Reproducibility as a Tool of Cognition (Epistemological Analysis)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pruzhinin Boris I.
Published: October 2021

One of the most advanced areas of modern science is polydisciplinary research, which is based on experimental practices with special technical parameters. From the point of view of the philosophy of science, their specificity is directly related to the problem of results’ reproducibility because the cooperating discip­lines have different levels of sensitivity to technical details and side effects. Moreover, the details and accuracy of the actual reproducibility are discussed in various languages. Epistemologists focus on, first of all, the question of whether it is possible to replicate (i.e., absolutely exact repetition) the experiment results in a polydisciplinary space. And if not, then what is considered essential in the process of such experimentation with a particular subject field, and what is sec­ondary, what treat as a background, and what is a reproducibility result? In addi­tion, the methodological understanding of the reproducibility acquires unique heuristic significance in connection with the analysis of “deviations” arising from its replication. This means that the actual repetition of an experiment can be considered a normative criterion for its results’ scientific status and as a cog­nitive tool that opens up new research prospects. As a tool for expanding re­search horizons, the requirement of reproducibility in polydisciplinary experi­mental practices is at the center of attention of modern philosophical and methodological reflection on science.