bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The sustainability of lean implementations at the hospitals of Ministry of Health Malaysia: A study protocol
Authors: Lum Kah Yee , binti Indera Putera Ku Anis Shazura , Krishnan Muniamal , binti Libasin Zalina , binti Abdullah Nur Nadia Renu , binti Saman@Saimy Intan Syafinaz
Published: November 2023

Introduction

In Malaysia, lean was initiated in 2012 as part of an effort to reduce waiting time at the Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals. As of now, there are 52 public hospitals that have officially implemented lean. However, little is known whether lean is sustained within the hospitals and the critical success factors (CSFs) affecting sustainability. Therefore, this study protocol aims to fill the gap by (i) identifying the critical success factors [CSFs] for lean sustainability in the MOH, (ii) developing a validated framework to support hospitals in sustaining lean, (iii) the framework will be adapted into a checklist to measure the level of lean sustainability (iv) interviewing hospitals with the lowest and highest level of lean sustainability to further explore the barriers and boosters in sustaining lean.

Methods and analysis

This study will employ a mixed-method approach and will be conducted in three phases. The first phase involves a combination of scoping review and interviews with key informants to identify the CSFs known to affect lean sustainability at the MOH hospitals and present them in a validated framework. In the second phase, the framework will be adapted into a checklist to measure the level of lean sustainability in the MOH hospitals. The findings will be used to select the hospital with the lowest and highest level of lean sustainability for an interview in the third phase.

Discussion

The lean sustainability framework will be able to provide more relevant guidance on how to increase the likelihood of lean sustainability and serve as a validated measurement tool for MOH hospitals. In addition, this study will be able to outline the differences in the contributing factors between health organizations that showed a high level of lean sustainability compared to those struggling to sustain.
Effects of COVID-19 outbreak on Korean adolescents: Impact of altered economic perception on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and stress levels in an age-, gender-, and BMI-matched study
Authors: Kim Jisu , Hwang In-Whi , Park Jeong-Hui , Kim Youngdeok , Lee Jung-Min
Published: November 2023

The current study is to examine the disparities in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and stress levels in Korean adolescents concerning changes in their perception of family economic status (ES) during COVID-19. Among a total of 6144 Korean adolescents aged 12 to 18, the participants were categorized into two groups based on their responses regarding changes in their family ES due to COVID-19: Declined ES (n = 3072) and Non-changed ES (n = 3072), with matching in terms of age, gender, and BMI. All variables were assessed using the 16th year (2020) of the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS 26.0 version, employing independent t-tests to examine anthropometrics’ differences and multinominal logistic regression to predict the impact of perception of family ES on PA, SB, and stress while comparing the two groups. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. Adolescents in the Declined ES group were 1.2 times more likely to engage in MVPA for less than 420 mins/wk (OR = 1.16, p = 0.039), 1.7 times more likely to meet recommended muscular strength activities (i.e., ≥ 3 days/wk) (OR = 1.70, p < 0.001), 37% less likely to not meet recommended recreational sitting time (i.e., ≥ 840 mins/wk) (OR = 0.63, p < 0.01), and were 2.1 times more likely to experience very severe stress level than the Non-changed ES group (p < 0.001). These results shed light on the importance of promoting mental health care in adolescents, regardless of PA levels, for their well-being during potential future pandemics. Understanding the impact of perceived ES changes on health behaviors can inform targeted interventions and support strategies to improve the mental health outcomes of adolescents during challenging times.
Initial adaptation among university student: The case of the social sciences
Authors: Corti Franciele , Llanes Juan , Dorio Alcaraz Inmaculada , Freixa Niella Montserrat
Published: November 2023

Students’ academic and social adaptation is linked to factors such as their initial study motivations, the atmosphere of the academic environment and their perception of academic wellbeing. This paper analyses the initial adaptation of first-degree students in their first semester through a quantitative ex post facto study with a descriptive-exploratory approach, using a questionnaire as the information-gathering instrument. Findings shed light on the concept of initial adaptation itself (through the creation of an index) and validate the study of the construct through three factors: initial motivation, the academic environment and perception of academic wellbeing. Also, the influence on initial adaptation of the academic and social context of the degree course taken is demonstrated:, as the constitutive features of the degree contribute information predicting how students will integrate into the institution. Therefore, it is suggested that institutional means and actions should be designed and put in place in accordance with measurements that indicate how students function best in a specific context (the bachelor’s degree), in order to boost motivation and the perception of academic wellbeing.
Presentación: Los marxismos que vienen. Vigencia y nuevas perspectivas de una tradición emancipatoria
Authors: Sarrión Andaluz José
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo realiza un recorrido por la diversificación del marxismo en decenas de corrientes a lo largo del siglo XX, con objeto de contribuir a revisar la evolución y desarrollo de las mismas en la actualidad, mostrando los diversos diálogos que los variados representantes de dicha tradición mantienen entre sí y con otras corrientes filosóficas, así como sus implicaciones epistemológicas, políticas, éticas, estéticas y ontológicas. Se ofrece además una panorámica de los contenidos del monográfico de la revista Azafea «Marxismos. Vigencia y nuevas perspectivas», coordinado por el autor. Dicho diálogo puede contribuir a responder algunos de los interrogantes que asolan a nuestras sociedades sumidas en una crisis estructural. Así, además de un repaso histórico a las contribuciones teóricas marxistas, el monográfico pretende contribuir a reflexiones en torno a problemas de enorme actualidad.
¿Rehuyó Marx tratar de la moral y la justicia en su análisis del capitalismo?
Authors: Ribas Ribas Pedro
Published: November 2023

¿Es posible construir una moral desde los supuestos de la teoría económica y política de Marx? Respuestas a esta pregunta en la historia del marxismo: Bernstein, Kautsky, neokantianos. Expresiones de Marx, en su análisis de la mercancía y de la compra y venta de la fuerza de trabajo, en las que se evidencia claramente su condena moral del capitalismo, no sólo su condena económica y política.
¿Existieron la literatura y el arte socialistas? El debate entre vanguardia y realismo
Authors: Garrido Violeta
Published: November 2023

La Revolución de Octubre vivió debates y posicionamientos cruzados en paralelo a una explosión de vanguardias artísticas que se sumaron a la causa socialista, lo que no estuvo exento de problemas. Este artículo repasa la relación teórica y práctica de algunas de las vanguardias más políticamente comprometidas con la nación soviética y aborda también el otro gran estilo popularizado entonces por críticos y políticos de dicha órbita: el llamado realismo socialista. Así pues, a partir de un análisis comparado de las declaraciones y actuaciones de los principales representantes de sendas corrientes, el texto pretende contribuir al esclarecimiento de la cuestión fundamental: ¿existe un «método artístico socialista»? Y, en tal caso, ¿en qué consiste?; o, por el contrario, ¿se trata de un término difuso del que se apropiaron indistintamente ambas escuelas?
«El valor es el hombre». Roswitha Scholz y la escisión del valor
Authors: León Tribaldos Irene
Published: November 2023

En la presente nota crítica nos aproximaremos a la obra de Roswitha Scholz y a sus tesis sobre la teoría de la escisión del valor, estudiando las implicaciones que esta tuvo en la escisión del antiguo Grupo Krisis con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre la compleja intersección entre el marxismo y el feminismo que supone su obra. Para ello, nos centraremos especialmente en su libro Capital y patriarcado. La teoría de la escisión del valor, si bien nos apoyaremos además en otras autoras que han ayudado a divulgar su pensamiento y traducir sus textos al español.
Ecologia crítica e Saúde Global
Authors: Roque Junges Jose
Published: November 2023

O artigo recolhe os pressupostos de uma ecologia crítica, definidos pela visão ecocentrada, pela perspectiva da justiça ambiental e pela compreensão da Biosfera/ Gaia, acentuando os processos geoquímicos da vida que acontecem na superfície da terra, determinando a importância de aterrar localmente como caminho de solução da questão ambiental. Essa compreensão ecológica fundamenta uma visão crítica do conceito de saúde global, porque a saúde é determinada pelas condições de vida e os determinantes sociais locais que conformam os modos de vida particulares das pessoas. Ninguém vive no global, mas no local, onde acontecem os processos geoquímicos da vida e onde se definem as condições para viver com saúde como qualidade de vida. Esses são os pressupostos de uma sustentabilidade socioambiental que conjuga meio ambiente e saúde.
Ciudadanía global y vulnerabilidad
Authors: Montero Orphanopoulos Carolina
Published: November 2023

El actual contexto de incertidumbre e inestabilidad global en relación con las preocupaciones políticas, económicas, migratorias y ecológicas podría abrir un espacio para profundizar en el concepto de ciudadanía global, dado que los enfoques existentes sobre el compromiso y la interdependencia parecen cada vez más insuficientes para afrontar el alcance, la escala y la intensidad de los numerosos desafíos a los que nos enfrentamos. Una herramienta heurística para dicho cometido es el concepto de vulnerabilidad, tal y como se utiliza en la bioética actual. Nos detendremos en este concepto en el contexto de la bioética global.
Breaking Down the Silos: Interprofessional Education Certificate of Honors Program
Authors: Hynson Todd , Honegger Rogers Heidi
Published: November 2023

The University of New Mexico (UNM) Health Sciences, Office of Interprofessional Education designed and implemented an innovative interprofessional education (IPE) Honors program, the first in the United States, in the Summer of 2019. This program was built through a dynamic and responsive partnership with health professions students from multiple programs. The program was piloted in the 2019/2020 academic year and upon graduation in May 2020, the first twenty students were awarded a certificate of IPE Honors. The designed program addressed the barriers and challenges to IPE participation at the organizational level while facilitating creative engagement from the students. We designed the IPE Honors program to value and highlight the innovative interprofessional extracurricular and intercurricular student work. Individual program accreditation and documentation of outcome requirements are supported using a reflective learning IPE evaluation tool that captures the quality and quantity of student IPE experiences. We inventoried both intercurricular and extracurricular IPE activities and experiences. We then mapped these activities to seven categories that were correlated with the behaviors of Interprofessional Professionalism (Frost et al., 2019) and the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) Competencies (Barr, 1998). Through group meetings and a pilot assessment, we felt confident that students could gain sufficient experience and practice with the interprofessional behaviors to achieve the IPEC competencies. We designed the IPE Honors program to highlight, build, and assess the quality of IPE experiences across the HSC while accounting for the extracurricular student IPE experiences. This program is innovative, flexible, sustainable, and can be replicated.
From UX to Instructional Design: Supporting Rural Teachers in Transforming Students’ Reading Interests Into Academic Success
Authors: Li Zixi , Niu Xiaoqian , Lu Botao , Qiu Vincent , Huang Ying-Chen
Published: November 2023

This design case records a design competition project in which the team adapted various user experience (UX) design methodologies to instructional design in support of China’s K-6 rural school teachers for the increasingly challenging teaching requirements on reading literacy. The solution landed on a mobile application design, YoungRead. The project is the winner of the University of Michigan Learning Levers Development Award and the Zell Lurie Institute Innovation and Entrepreneurship Award in 2020. This design case will describe the design process and how the adapted UX design model may be used in similar instructional design situations to facilitate under-resourced teachers in developing professional skills to bridge students’ reading interests and academic achievement.
The Society for Textual Scholarship
Authors: . .
Published: November 2023

STS.
Exploration of secondary science prospective teachers’ development of PCK during a school-based practicum
Authors: Wang Lu , Oliver J. Steve
Published: November 2023

Considering the amount of time prospective teachers spent in practicum during teacher education programs, it is important to understand how they develop their knowledge of teaching and learning in this setting and further inform how teacher educators can design adequate support. The objective of this study is to investigate a group of secondary prospective science teachers’ knowledge development as described by the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) framework when they attended practicum associated with a block of teacher education courses. With qualitative approaches, we analyzed prospective teachers’ interviews to probe their learning experiences. Results show that prospective teachers’ development of PCK is idiosyncratic, and they implemented different strategies to learn in the practicum when they are in the same practicum classes. Implications of designing practicum experiences to support prospective teacher learning are discussed.
„U nas…”, czyli o „powiecie latyczowskim” Haupta
Authors: Sucharski Tadeusz
Published: November 2023

W artykule podejmuję refleksję nad przestrzeniami inspiracji, „praiłami” twórczości Zygmunta Haupta. Dostrzegam specyficzną, „zaimkową” orientację przestrzenną w jego tekstach, wykorzystywanie przez pisarza wyrażenia przyimkowego „u nas”, kontrastowych zestawień „tam” – „tu” i szukam odpowiedzi, jaką przestrzeń „ukrywały” owe zaimki. Odrzucam prostą tezę, iż była to Ukraina, ponieważ świat przedstawiony w tekstach Haupta obejmuje tylko jej zachodni skrawek. Pisarz z jednej strony poetyzował przestrzeń „swojego kraju”, z drugiej zaś wpisywał ją, często nieprecyzyjnie, w geograficzny konkret. Najlepszym określeniem owej przestrzeni, które rozrosło się do metafory „miejsc pochodzenia”, wydaje się „powiat latyczowski”, gdzie natchnień mogą szukać twórcy oderwani od swoich „praiłów”. Zmienne granice owego „powiatu” wytycza za każdym razem tylko wyobraźnia konkretnego artysty.
Evaluation of DiaSorin Liaison® calprotectin fecal assay adapted for pleural effusion
Authors: de Paz Poves Cristina , Barneo-Caragol Clara , Cillero Sánchez Ana Isabel , Jimenez Mendiguchia Lucía , Quirós Caso Covadonga , Moreno Rodríguez María , López González Francisco J. , Prieto García Mᵃ Belén
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Calprotectin (CP) is a calcium and zinc binding protein that is widely measured on faecal samples but its determination in other biological fluids might be of interest. The aim of this work was to validate the measurement of CP in pleural fluid by chemiluminescence.

Methods

LIAISON®XL, a fully automated chemiluminescence analyzer, was used for CP quantification on pleural fluid. A validation protocol was designed using both quality control materials provided by the manufacturer and pools of pleural fluid samples. Stability, imprecision, bias, linearity, detection capability and carry over effect were evaluated.

Results

CP was stable on pleural fluid at least one week, under refrigerated conditions, and four weeks at −80 °C. The observed intra- and inter-day imprecision was between 2.2 and 6.49 %, with a negative bias under 5.51 %. The linearity of the method was verified up to 2,000 ng/mL. The LoQ for the assay was 48.52 ng/mL. A statistically significant carry-over effect was observed after measuring CP concentrations above the upper limit of linearity, but given the observed magnitude, a clinically relevant impact should not be expected.

Conclusions

DiaSorin Liaison® calprotectin assay allows reliable measurement of CP in pleural fluid.
Between nature, law and social expectations – a case study of approaches to human–wildlife conflicts resulting from synanthropization and synurbanization in the Republic of Poland
Authors: Gwiazdowicz Dariusz J. , Matulewska Aleksandra E. , Moszczyński Mateusz
Published: November 2023

The paper focuses on the growing problem of human–wildlife conflicts that are reported in urbanized areas in the Republic of Poland. The twenty-first century is the period of increased synanthropization and synurbanization of animals. The presence of animals in urbanized areas has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, contact with nature is considered beneficial for our psyche, but on the other hand wild animals damage property, participate in road collisions and sometimes pose threat to human health of life. Once the problems occur, citizens expect the authorities take some action. The aim of the paper is to present frequently conflicting social expectations concerning the problem at hand, legal solutions available and laws of nature. The research methods applied included: the analysis of legal provisions binding in the Republic of Poland combined with the interviews with representatives of institutions enforcing law in that respect, empirical observation of social attitudes and analyses of pertinent literature. The results reveals that inhabitants of cities in general opt for solutions that seem to be non-lethal for animals as they do not realize the risks involved for humans and animals. At the same time legal provisions are not sufficiently exhaustive to enable efficient problem solution.
Basalt fiber as natural reinforcement to improve the performance of ecological grouting slurry for the conservation of earthen sites
Authors: Hao-tian Jiang , Wei Lu , Wang Luo , Min He
Published: November 2023

Grouting material is the core force transfer medium of grouting sealing and anchorage reinforcement methods for cracks in earthen sites; the performance of grouting slurry is the key to affecting the reinforcement effect. To solve the problems of poor flexural strength, easy shrinkage and cracking of existing grouting slurry, using Glutinous Rice Pulp, Calcined Ginger Nuts, and Loess Soil as substrates, and choosing the content and length of basalt fiber (BF) as control variables, 13 groups of specimens were designed by orthogonal test method to explore the influence of mixed fiber on the mobility, shrinkage, compressive, and flexural strength. The microstructure was analyzed by SEM to explain the strengthening mechanism from physical and chemical perspectives. The results show that the mobility decreases linearly with the increase in BF content and length; after mixing BF, the shrinkage rate is significantly reduced, but when the fiber length and content are relatively high, the surface is prone to cracking. The excellent bridging ability of BF can effectively improve the compressive and flexural strength of the specimen. When the fiber length and content are high, the specimen shows certain ductile failure characteristics, and the fracture energy increases more than 10 times.
On the linguistic functions of the particle ʕaad in Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Al-Raba’a Basem Ibrahim Malawi
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the linguistic functions of the syncretic particle ʕaad in Jordanian Arabic. It particularly examines the repetitive, evidential, and evaluative functions of ʕaad, and attempts to make some speculations on the source from which this particle could have been originated. Moreover, it explores the syntactic function of each ʕaad, arguing that one ʕaad is an utterance-oriented repetitive particle, while the other two are mood particles, with one expressing evidential mood but the other evaluative mood. It will also be shown that the three particles are syntactically functional heads encoding different grammatical and pragmatic meanings.
Fugitive Bakery's un-recipe-like recipe book
Authors: Dai Anathapindika , Markus Liza
Published: November 2023

Our reception and consumption of cultural scholarship often fall under a hierarchy of mediums, wheretext-based pieces are deemed superior to alternative and digitally porous forms of knowledge transfersuch as YouTube videos, social media content, verbal and gestural activations, and more. Thisemphasis is reinforced through traditional forms of pedagogy that operate in a one-way social orderbetween lecturer and pupil. This structural obsession toward text-exclusive, one-way pedagogicpractice limits the contaminative possibility of knowledge. The incorporation of public pedagogy in thecontemporary art domain enhances the potential for commoning. Likewise, an artist's increasingagency in initiating public pedagogy correlates with the expanding definition of what a contemporaryart initiative can be.Fugitive Bakery is a concept bakery that invites its collaborators to share their personalresponses to and interpretations of scholarly and non-scholarly texts with Anathapindika Dai and LizaMarkus—collectively known as Dika+Lija—in exchange for handmade baked goods provided free ofcharge. In an anti-academic spirit, the duo ‘digest’ the books through baking and dialogue. In line withtheir anti-capitalist beliefs, they provide each Bake free of charge while resisting set menus and rigidworking hours. Through this, the duo aims to address untraceable productivities, abstract values oflabour, hoarding of resources, profit maximisation, greed, hierarchies of scholarly credibility, theinsatiable need for factual accuracy, and the bias of statistics, ego, and pride.
A trajetória de Helder Camara
Authors: Henrique da Silva Rosildo
Published: November 2023

Esta pesquisa vem analisar a trajetória do arcebispo de Olinda e Recife, evidenciando a luta contra a miséria e injustiça sociais durante o período da ditadura civil-militar. O objetivo é identificar a atuação de dom Helder para combater à miséria. A pesquisa é qualitativa e utiliza as cartas circulares e os discursos de Helder Camara. Portanto, o arcebispo de Olinda e Recife criou alguns movimentos para combater à miséria e também denunciou as injustiças sociais durante a ditadura civil-militar.
As Políticas de promoção à igualdade racial e seus impactos nos terreiros de Candomblé no Brasil (2003-2009)
Authors: Rocha Silva Bianca
Published: November 2023

Este artigo elaborou uma análise sobre as resoluções deliberadas nas Conferências Nacionais de Promoção da Igualdade Racial (CONAPIR), realizadas no Brasil, entre o período de 2003 a 2009. Além disso, foram-se observadas as leis, normas, portarias, decretos, planos e demais deliberações institucionais elaboradas pelo Estado brasileiro que visavam a promoção da igualdade racial no país. O objetivo desta produção foi investigar como essas resoluções acolheram as demandas e reivindicações dos povos de terreiro de Candomblé. Para isso, utilizou-se os cadernos de resoluções elaborados após o I e II Congresso Nacional de Promoção da Igualdade Racial aliado a uma discussão teórica dos pensadores que elucida algumas questões referentes à temática escolhida.
O Silêncio do Retrocesso
Authors: José da Silva Santos Mateus
Published: November 2023

O objetivo principal desse artigo é analisar algumas das principais características das relações comerciais entre o Brasil e o continente africano durante os primeiros anos do Governo Jair Bolsonaro (2019-2021). Argumenta-se que o comércio entre Brasil e África se situa em um descompasso entre um discurso de valorização da dimensão econômica do continente e a diminuição de seu peso na balança comercial do país nos últimos anos. Aspectos como as principais parcerias do país em África, o registro de seguidos superávits comerciais e uma tendência oscilatória nas importações e exportações nos últimos anos evidenciam a manutenção de características registradas durante parte da última década. Por meio de uma metodologia mista, agregando tanto análise quantitativa quanto qualitativa, exploram-se discursos vinculados aos formuladores da PEB nos últimos anos, além de dados obtidos junto ao Portal de Estatísticas de Comércio Exterior do Brasil.
Imprensa e Guerra
Authors: De Luca Trindade da Silva Jonas
Published: November 2023

Este artigo analisa a atividade periódica de três jornais de grande circulação na Província do Pará durante o curso da Guerra contra o Paraguai. Apesar de ter se dado na região de fronteira do sul do Império, o conflito platino gerou reflexos ao longo de todo o território nacional. Com isso, em diversas províncias do Brasil um amplo esforço militar fora demandado e para este ter sucesso diversos setores da sociedade foram acionados. Dentre esses setores estavam os jornais, os quais trabalharam diariamente divulgando notícias dos campos de batalhas, informando a população acerca das mobilizações no Brasil ou mesmo denunciando arbitrariedades de autoridades no que toca o recrutamento. No Pará, três jornais de ampla circulação tiveram participação efetiva no contexto e trabalharam ora junto ao governo na campanha de mobilização para a guerra, ora contra.
Representações da família romana na peça O Mercador de Plauto (séculos III-II A.E.C.)
Authors: Felippe Lucon Lais
Published: November 2023

Guiados pela compreensão das comédias plautinas como material que fornece informações sobre o meio familiar da República Romana, objetivamos uma análise das representações familiares dispostas na peça O Mercador (Mercator). A complexa formação da instituição familiar romana refletiu ideais pautados na assimetria das relações de poder dentro do lar, especialmente no que diz respeito à preeminência do pater familias – literalmente o pai de família. Alicerçados na perspectiva de gênero, percebemos como as referências de Plauto colocavam tipos sociais subalternos em posições e diálogos dominantes. Ao apresentar personagens subvertendo as normas familiares, a peça plautina realça seu caráter crítico ao expressar um contraste entre o idealizado e o real, delineando fronteiras expressivas entre o comum no lar e a construção nos moldes legais.
“Se não tivesse existido o Célio ou Glademir, não estaríamos aqui”
Authors: Cândido Mengue William
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo aborda a educação patrimonial sobre o movimento LGBTQIA+ em Porto Alegre, através do jornal do nuances - Grupo pela livre expressão sexual. A problemática do texto é como o jornal do nuances, na educação patrimonial e no ensino de história, auxilia os estudantes da rede básica a conhecerem e pensarem a história do movimento LGBTQIA+, na cidade de Porto Alegre, no presente e no passado. Dentre o aporte teórico estão os conceitos de “museu pela vida” e “memória LGBT”, que demonstram a existência do patrimônio LGBTQIA+ e, desse modo, evidenciam o nuances como um patrimônio cultural pela vida. Entre as considerações finais do artigo, estão reflexões e contribuições realizadas pelos estudantes afetados por mediações, que através do passado, conseguiram (re)conhecer a diversa e complexa trajetória do movimento em Porto Alegre.
Repeated Exposure to High-THCCannabisSmoke during Gestation Alters Sex Ratio, Behavior, and Amygdala Gene Expression of Sprague Dawley Rat Offspring
Authors: Sandini Thaisa M. , Onofrychuk Timothy J. , Roebuck Andrew J. , Hammond S. Austin , Udenze Daniel , Hayat Shahina , Herdzik Melissa A. , McElroy Dan L. , Orvold Spencer N. , Greba Quentin , Laprairie Robert B. , Howland John G.
Published: November 2023

Because of the legalization ofCannabisin many jurisdictions and the trend of increasing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content inCannabisproducts, an urgent need exists to understand the impact ofCannabisuse during pregnancy on fetal neurodevelopment and behavior. To this end, we exposed female Sprague Dawley rats toCannabissmoke daily from gestational day 6 to 20 or room air. Maternal reproductive parameters, offspring behavior, and gene expression in the offspring amygdala were assessed. Body temperature was decreased in dams following smoke exposure and more fecal boli were observed in the chambers before and after smoke exposure in dams exposed to smoke. Maternal weight gain, food intake, gestational length, litter number, and litter weight were not altered by exposure toCannabissmoke. A significant increase in the male-to-female ratio was noted in theCannabis-exposed litters. In adulthood, male and femaleCannabissmoke-exposed offspring explored the inner zone of an open field significantly less than control offspring. GestationalCannabissmoke exposure did not affect behavior on the elevated plus maze test or social interaction test in the offspring.Cannabisoffspring were better at visual pairwise discrimination and reversal learning tasks conducted in touchscreen-equipped operant conditioning chambers. Analysis of gene expression in the adult amygdala using RNA sequencing revealed subtle changes in genes related to development, cellular function, and nervous system disease in a subset of the male offspring. These results demonstrate that repeated exposure to high-THCCannabissmoke during gestation alters maternal physiological parameters, sex ratio, and anxiety-like behaviors in the adulthood offspring.
Androgen signaling stabilizes genomes to counteract senescence by promoting XRCC4 transcription
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhen Zhengyi , Chen Lingjiang , Wang Hao , Wang Xuhui , Sun Xiaoxiang , Song Zhiwei , Wang Haiyan , Lin Yizi , Zhang Wenjun , Wu Guizhu , Jiang Ying , Mao Zhiyong
Published: November 2023

Aging is accompanied by a decreased DNA repair capacity, which might contribute to age‐associated functional decline in multiple tissues. Disruption in hormone signaling, associated with reproductive organ dysfunction, is an early event of age‐related tissue degeneration, but whether it impacts DNA repair in nonreproductive organs remains elusive. Using skin fibroblasts derived from healthy donors with a broad age range, we show here that the downregulation of expression of XRCC4, a factor involved in nonhomologous end‐joining (NHEJ) repair, which is the dominant pathway to repair somatic double‐strand breaks, is mediated through transcriptional mechanisms. We show that the androgen receptor (AR), whose expression is also reduced during aging, directly binds to and enhances the activity of the XRCC4 promoter, facilitating XRCC4 transcription and thus stabilizing the genome. We also demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a powerful AR agonist, restores XRCC4 expression and stabilizes the genome in different models of cellular aging. Moreover, DHT treatment reverses senescence‐associated phenotypes, opening a potential avenue to aging interventions in the future.
Church as institution: polemics between catholic journals "Concilium" and "Communio"
Authors: Chernyi Aleksei
Published: November 2023

The article analyses the polemics on the institutional and authoritative aspects of life of the Catholic Church in the international Catholic journals “Concilium” and “Communio”, created in the first few years following the Second Vatican Council. The former welcomed reforms and sought to extend the conciliar innovations to various spheres of Catholic Church life; the latter was represented mainly by conservative authors. These journals, which numbered among their authors the most prominent theologians of their time, express different views on the post-conciliar development of Catholicism, illustrate the long-standing conflict between modernism and traditionalism, reveal the specific make-up of the modern Catholic academic community as well as a new phase in the development of Catholic mass-media. The author concludes that the institutional aspect of the life of the Catholic Church constituted an important part of the discussion in these journals, especially in the 1970-ies - the early 1980-ies. Whereas the authors of “Concilium” advocated for democratization of Church life, the limitation of authoritative powers of the bearers of the Church office and the distribution of authority in the Catholic Church, “Communio” attempted to protect the authority of Catholic magisterium, warn against a hasty reinterpretation of the institutional power and emphasize its inextricable connection with the nature of the Church itself. At the same time, “Communio” took care to meet the requirements of the academic genre, while “Concilium” expressed a high degree of critical anti-institutional pathos, which the declared intention to accept Church reform does not directly imply. The texts published in the journals demonstrate a deep-rooted conflict, which dates back to the period of fighting modernism, and, being still unresolved, continues to determine the life of the Catholic Church. The contrasting editorial policies reflect, on the one hand, the intensifying polarization and the pluralistic character of Catholic theology after the Second Vatican Council, on the other hand – a close interaction between the religious and the socio-political life spheres of modern Catholics, which renders the analysis of religious communication even more relevant.
The concept of “francophony” and its influence on the development of French sociolinguistics and linguodidactics
Authors: Kurbanova-Ilyutko Kamilla
Published: November 2023

The article examines how the concept of «francophonia», which has become established and spread in culture and science as a result of the works of L.S. Senghor, influenced the vectors of development of the French sociolinguistics and linguodidactics. If earlier the attention of scientists was focused on the French language of France, its normalization and codification, and any deviation from the norm caused censure (in this context, we mean regional uses that did not correspond to the norm), then with the advent of the concept of «francophonia», territorial varieties of the French language became separate object of study, thereby giving rise to a new direction of language variation studies, aimed at exploring the richness and originality of regional varieties of the French language. The article gives the names of the first collective monographs dedicated to the peculiarities of the French language, depending on its territorial affiliation and social stratification.As for the French linguodidactics, until the last quarter of the 20th century, its development took place in two directions: teaching French as a mother tongue and teaching French as a foreign language. Here the concept of «francophonia» played an important role, revealing another independent category of French speakers who speak it as a second language. Being initially the achievement of theoretical linguodidactics, the concept of «French as a second language» provoked the development and creation of new teaching aids, mainly for French-speaking countries (with French as a second language for the majority of the population), and later for allophones arriving in France and other French-speaking countries (with French as a mother tongue for the majority of the population).
Ways of expressing the beginning of action in Nothern Russian bylinas
Authors: Shurkhalenko Alyona
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the ways to express the beginning of action in the Northern Russian bylinas. The material for the study was: Onega epics, recorded by Alexander Fedorovich Hilferding, in the summer of 1871 and epics of Mezen. There are two ways of expressing the beginning of action in the bylinas: an analytical method — usinginfinitive constructions with verbs of the beginning of an action, and a synthetic one — using verbs of the initial way of action. The bylinas are characterized by a variety of verbs of the beginning of action (nachat’, pochat’, uchat’, zachat’, stat’ and also vzyat’) and wider possibilities of their compatibility (the ability to combine with verbs of state and other verbs denoting situations that cannot be divided into phases). It can be concluded that the synthetic way of expressing the beginning of action prevails in the bylinas - obviously, in the early modern times, when the language of epics was being formed, the initial mode of verbal action already dominated as a way of expressing the beginning.
The cliché factor in the description of word-containing semiosis: language standard and language boundaries
Authors: Vdovichenko Andrey
Published: November 2023

The article presents a number of observations on the methods of not quite convincing definition of the " language norm" and "language boundaries" within the framework of the traditional language model, the main methodological constant of which is a priori confidence that the content ("meaning", "meaning", "semantics", " content plan, etc.) exists in direct connection with the verbal substrate. As a result, contradictory statements arise: “The norm exists objectively”, at the same time “The norm exists subjectively”; "Norm is single", at the same time "Norm is multiple"; “The norm is manifested in synchrony”, at the same time “The norm is manifested in diachrony”; “Language coincides with the norm”, at the same time “Language does not coincide with the norm”; “Language belongs to the researcher”, at the same time “Language belongs to the user”; “Language has unity”, at the same time “Language consists of varieties of a language”. To solve the same problems, the concept of cliché and semiotic action is proposed as tools, which more correctly reflect the essence of natural speaking-writing and at the output give a more harmonious picture (model) of what is happening. According to the communicative model, in natural communication, the source of content produced and received is personal semiotic influence (polymodal, multifactorial, multichannel, not necessarily word-containing). In order to achieve changes in external cognitive states (which have not yet occurred at the time of the action, but are only planned), the semiotic actor makes attempts to influence, manifesting actional modes of his consciousness under given conditions in complex ways. In view of this, in a natural act, the novelty sought by the actor is generated and understood, which constitutes the meaning formation of a given semiotic act. The concept of cliché in relation to words and other "signs", assuming the procedural (actional) principle of formation of any semiotic content, allows us to separate the clichwd (mechanical, meaningless, behavioral) "language", including verbal, from the meaning-forming semiotic influence, to emphasize the deep conventionality of construction "systemic" and "universal" "language".
K. D. Ushinsky as a translator
Authors: Nikulina Elena
Published: November 2023

The article continues the development of the topic "K. D. Ushinsky as a translator", started about 10 years ago by V. G. Bezrogov and M. V. Tendriakova and some other researchers. It is shown that the study of K. Ushinsky's translation work is carried out in several directions: the study of the European source base of Ushinsky's textbooks, and the special features of his translations of works by Western academics. This article provides new information on K.D. Ushinsky's translation of "Der Unterricht in der Klein-Kinder-Schule", a manual for teachers of elementary schools, by Friedrich Adolph Disterweg (1790-1866), one of the leading German teachers of the 19th century. Disterweg's manual is intended for teachers working with 5-7-year-olds and is a model for the holistic approach to primary education, combining "real" knowledge and Christian education in the classroom. Der Unterricht in der Klein-Kinder-Schule" is known to the Russian-speaking reader in the translation by K.D. Ushinsky as "Beginnings of Children's Schooling". For reasons not entirely clear, Ushinsky's translation significantly reduced the material of religious content, which is reflected not only in the removal from the translation of the religious-song section, but also in the compressed presentation of some other places of Christian themes.
The Influence of Virtual Reality on Human Consciousness from the Positions of Christian Anthropology and Modern Psychology
Authors: Vannovskaya Olga
Published: November 2023

The relevance of this article is determined by the penetration of information technologies into all spheres of human life, the impact on his consciousness and personality. The purpose of the article is to show the differences in the assessment of the influence of virtual reality on human consciousness in modern psychology and from the point of view of Christian anthropology. The hypothesis is proved that the reason for these differences lies in the different understanding of the essence, structure and mechanisms of consciousness in science and patristic teaching. The key approaches to understanding consciousness in the neurosciences, in domestic and foreign psychology are described. The Christian approach to human consciousness, the connection with the concepts of "freedom", "conscience", "shame", "duty", "responsibility", "mind", "reason", the patristic teaching about the 3-level structure of the mind, about purification and keeping the mind, about asceticism and the practice of hesychasm as an experience of increasing consciousness. It is concluded that in science, human consciousness is associated with the activity of the brain as a substratum of the psyche, which leads to its excessive simplification and reduction to the psyche of an animal. In contrast to this, in Christian anthropology, a person is not only a rational being, but also a moral one, so he needs to be aware of the meaning of his being. The definition of the concept of "virtual environment" and the results of scientific research on the influence of the virtual environment on human consciousness are given. The negative consequences of the uncontrolled use of virtual reality are described: 1) from the point of view of science, these are, in particular, screen addiction, cognitive impairment, dehumanization of human consciousness and transhumanism; 2) from the point of view of Christian anthropology: deprivation of unity, orderliness, integrity and freedom of the inner world of man; food for the emergence of passionate thoughts, obscuration of the mind, spiritual devastation. It is concluded that the development of virtual technologies and their practical use should be the subject of special attention from scientists, psychologists, physicians, and it is necessary to consider the influence of virtual reality on human consciousness not only from the standpoint of modern science, but also in the coordinate system of the Christian worldview.
Trends in Outpatient Influenza Antiviral Use Among Children and Adolescents in the United States
Authors: Antoon James W. , Sarker Jyotirmoy , Abdelaziz Abdullah , Lien Pei-Wen , Williams Derek J. , Lee Todd A. , Grijalva Carlos G.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Influenza antivirals improve outcomes in children with duration of symptoms <2 days and those at high risk for influenza complications. Real-world prescribing of influenza antivirals in the pediatric population is unknown.

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional study of outpatient and emergency department prescription claims in individuals <18 years of age included in the IBM Marketscan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database between July 1, 2010 and June 30, 2019. Influenza antiviral use was defined as any dispensing of oseltamivir, baloxavir, or zanamivir. The primary outcome was the rate of antiviral dispensing per 1000 enrolled children. Secondary outcomes included antiviral dispensing per 1000 influenza diagnoses and inflation-adjusted costs of antiviral agents. Outcomes were calculated and stratified by age, acute versus prophylactic treatment, influenza season, and geographic region.

RESULTS

The analysis included 1 416 764 unique antiviral dispensings between 2010 and 2019. Oseltamivir was the most frequently prescribed antiviral (99.8%). Dispensing rates ranged from 4.4 to 48.6 per 1000 enrolled children. Treatment rates were highest among older children (12–17 years of age), during the 2017 to 2018 influenza season, and in the East South Central region. Guideline-concordant antiviral use among young children (<2 years of age) at a high risk of influenza complications was low (<40%). The inflation-adjusted cost for prescriptions was $208 458 979, and the median cost ranged from $111 to $151.

CONCLUSIONS

There is wide variability and underuse associated with influenza antiviral use in children. These findings reveal opportunities for improvement in the prevention and treatment of influenza in children.
БІМАТЕРІАЛЬНА ПЛОЩИНА З ТРЬОМА МІЖФАЗНИМИ ТРІЩИНАМИ
Authors: Воєділо Р.Р. , Лобода В.В.
Published: November 2023

Розглянуто плоску задачу для трьох колінеарних тріщини між двома півпросторами. Тріщини можуть мати довільну довжину та відстань між собою і вони вільні від напружень. Комбіноване навантаження розтягу-зсуву задано на нескінченності. За допомогою представлень напружень та стрибків переміщень через кусково-аналітичні функції проблема зводиться до задачі лінійного спряження, яка розв’язуються за допомогою аналітичного методу. Довільні константи знаходяться з умов на нескінченності та умов однозначності переміщень при обході контурів тріщин. Напруження поза тріщинами, а також розкриття тріщин знаходяться у відносно простих аналітичних формах. За рахунок аналізу асимптотичних полів біля вершин тріщин, отримано аналітичні формули для швидкості звільнення енергії (ШЗЕ) для усіх вершин тріщин. Продемонстровано варіації розкриття тріщин та напружень вздовж межі поділу матеріалів. Проаналізована поведінка ШЗЕ та максимального розкриття тріщин при зміні їх положення, зокрема при суттєвому зближенні їх вершин
ДВА ПІДХОДИ ДО АНАЛІЗУ НЕСТАЦІОНАРНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В СИСТЕМІ ЦИЛІНДРИЧНА ОБОЛОНКА – ПРУЖНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ
Authors: Пожуєв А.В. , Пожуєв В.І. , Жибігай М. , Міхайлуца О. М.
Published: November 2023

Розглядається плоска динамічна задача про нескінченно довгу циліндричну оболонку, оточену пружним інерційним середовищем, до якої у початковий момент часу прикладене внутрішнє нормальне навантаження. Запропоновано два підходи для аналізу нестаціонарного процесу у моменти часу близькі до початку навантаження, а саме перший, коли усі величини розкладаються у ряди Фур’є за кутовою координатою, а потім залежні від часу гармоніки знаходяться за методом Рунге – Кутта, і другий, коли для звільнення від часової змінної застосовується перетворення Лапласа з наступним його оберненням з використанням зміщених поліномів Лежандра. Проведене порівняння результатів за обома підходами у різні моменти часу і у різних точках оболонки.