bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of extra pulmonary tuberculosis among patients registered under a district TB centre in North East India
Authors: . Krossnunpuii , Kharkongor Febiola
Published: October 2020

Background: Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death and the leading cause from a single infectious agent (above human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is TB outside of the lungs. In general, EPTB is more difficult to diagnose than pulmonary TB (PTB), invasive methods are often needed to obtain samples for microbiological and histological testing and in some locations treatment should be extended to avoid the appearance of relapses. The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of EPTB among all registered TB patients in a capital city in northeast India.Methods: A retrospective study conducted at district TB Centre (Aizawl) from data collected from patient’s treatment cards. The study period was 1 year from January 2019 to December 2019. All the registered TB patients except those registered under the programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT) were included in the study and patients registered under PMDT were excluded. All the analysis was performed using simple percentage method.Results: Out of 1502 patients, 48.8% were PTB and 51.2% were EPTB. Male comprised of 54.3% and 45.7% were Female. Majority of them (87.5%) were new patients and 10.91% were recurrent cases. History of contacts was given by 8.25% of the patients. Of the 769 EPTB cases, pleural effusion was the most common finding (350) followed by lymph nodes TB (196). Among PTB, majority of them (72.71%) were microbiologically confirmed whereas majority of the patients (84.66%) were clinically diagnosed in EPTB patients.Conclusions: This study found a high prevalence of HIV-TB co-infections, recurrent TB infection and extra pulmonary tuberculosis.
Estudio probabilístico de métodos avanzados de análisis de curva de declinación para la estimación de reservas de petróleo durante el régimen de flujo transitorio
Authors: Alarcón Daniel , Villafuerte Christopher , Sabrera Víctor , Huerta Alexei
Published: October 2020

Los reservorios del Noroeste Peruano han producido por más de un siglo principalmente areniscas silicoclásticas, de baja permeabilidad, a través de yacimientos en compartimentos o sub-bloques generados por un alto fallamiento. El mecanismo característico de impulsión es depletación por gas en solución y los pozos comúnmente son producidos con un sistema de levantamiento artificial por bombeo mecánico o gas lift; el factor de recobro promedio alcanzado en estos yacimientos está entre 8% y 15%. En los últimos años se ha observado un gran avance en las técnicas de estimación de reservas a través de análisis de curvas de declinación (DCA) en yacimientos no convencionales de muy baja permeabilidad.Estas técnicas también pueden ser utilizadas en reservorios convencionales apretados, aquellos típicamente encontrados en la Cuenca Talara de Perú, en los cuales la aplicación de la técnica tradicional de DCA suele sobreestimar los pronósticos de producción y el cálculo de reservas. Alternativamente, se ha propuesto evaluar los modelos de Declinación Estrecha Extendida (SEDM), Ley de Potencia, Duong y Declinación Exponencial Extendida, en los reservorios de esta cuenca (Duong, A. N., 2010). Durante el proceso de evaluación, se utilizó la información de 30 pozos productores de diferentes reservorios apretados de la Cuenca Talara: Manta, Mesa, Mogollón y Pariñas Inferior. Se probaron los citados métodos de análisis de declinación con la historia de producción de los primeros 6, 12 y 24 meses; cabe señalar que, de acuerdo a la observación realizada y debido a la baja productividad de estos reservorios, se determinó que su flujo aún se encontraba en estado transitorio durante el periodo de análisis. Los pronósticos se compararon con datos reales de producción y los modelos de declinación se clasificaron por orden de prioridad de acuerdo a la certeza de su grado de ajuste. Se eligió la técnica más idónea para generar, a través de un enfoque probabilístico, utilizando la simulación Monte Carlo, un conjunto de curvas tipo para la cuenca Talara; de esta manera, se obtuvieron los percentiles P90, P50 y P10. Los rangos de permeabilidad en los reservorios de los casos evaluados varían entre 0.01 y 1 mD. Se ha observado que la aplicación del modelo DCA de ARPs en pozos con poca historia de producción de reservorios de baja permeabilidad, resulta impreciso en las predicciones de estimados de reservas. Por otro lado, los nuevos métodos de DCA son más conservadores en sus pronósticos y, por ende, más precisos en este caso debido a que permiten incorporar información en estado transitorio. La aplicación de este nuevo enfoque ayudará a obtener pronósticos confiables en la evaluación de futuras estrategias de desarrollo y a predecir con mayor certeza la producción de futuros trabajos de workover y nuevos pozos de desarrollo.
An Improved Deep Learning Algorithm for Risk Prediction of Corporate Internet Reporting
Authors: Ou Lingyan , Chen Ling
Published: October 2020

Corporate internet reporting (CIR) has such advantages as the strong timeliness, large amount, and wide coverage of financial information. However, the CIR, like any other online information, faces various risks. With the aid of the increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) technology, this paper proposes an improved deep learning algorithm for the prediction of CIR risks, aiming to improve the accuracy of CIR risk prediction. After building a reasonable evaluation index system (EIS) for CIR risks, the data involved in risk rating and the prediction of risk transmission effect (RTE) were subject to structured feature extraction and time series construction. Next, a combinatory CIR risk prediction model was established by combining the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model with long short-term memory (LSTM). The former is good at depicting linear series, and the latter excels in describing nonlinear series. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the ARMA-LSTM model. The research findings provide a good reference for applying AI technology in risk prediction of other areas.
Prediction of English Scores of College Students Based on Multi-source Data Fusion and Social Behavior Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yanxia , Ren Wei , Li Zheng
Published: October 2020

Multi-source data fusion is the premise of applying big data technology in specific fields. Inspired by the theory on multi-source data fusion, this paper fuses various data on college students, including motion trajectories, consumptions, and social behaviors, and adopts support vector machine (SVM), a machine learning (ML) classifier to predict the English scores of college students. The behavior trajectories were taken into account, because this type of data represents the social similarity between students. Specifically, the behavioral features of college students were extracted, and subject to principal component analysis (PCA). Based on these features, the correlation between student score and social relation was analyzed, and used to predict the English scores of college students. Experimental results show that our method can accurately reflect the relationship between the social behaviors and course scores of college students.
AP: Hybrid Task Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud
Authors: Dewangan Bhupesh Kumar , Jain Anurag , Choudhury Tanupriya
Published: October 2020

Resource optimization is cost effective process in cloud. The efficiency of load balancing completely depends on how the infrastructure is utilizing. As per the current study, the resource optimization techniques are very costly and taking more convergence time to execute the task and load distribution among different virtual machines (VM). The objective of this paper is to develop a hybrid optimization algorithm to find the best virtual machine based on their fitness values and schedule different task to the fittest VM so that each task should get complete on time, and system can utilize the VM as well. The proposed algorithm is hybrid version of genetic (GA), ant-colony (Aco), and particle-swarm (Pso) algorithms, which is implemented and tested in amazon web service and compared with existing algorithms based on VM utilization, completion time, and cost. The proposed hybrid system genetic-aco-pso based algorithm (GAP) perform utmost while comparing with the existing systems.
Real-Time Opinion Prediction Method for Emergency Public Events in Social Media Networks Using Opinion Hit Matrix
Authors: Uthirapathy Samson Ebenezar , Sandanam Domnic
Published: October 2020

Modern society has a great influence on social networks which have been used to share user’s opinions and ideologies. Opinions discussed in social media about any emergency public event happenings. However, analyzing the opinion proliferation, producing interesting facts, which helps to enhance public security in emergencies. A lot of approaches are available to analyze the problem but suffer to achieve higher performance. This paper presents a real-time opinion prediction method. It analyzes the influence or hit rate of opinion in any case. This method first generates the network with several nodes where each user has been considered as a node. With the trace of social chat, the method classifies and groups the users under different categories of interest. The interest detection is performed according to the Class Level Post Measure (CLPM) which represents the interest of the user under a specific category. Using the actors identified, the method generates an Opinion Hit Matrix (OHM) based on the events and opinions posted. Using the matrix, the method computes the opinion support measure (OSM) to select a subset of opinions to generate recommendations. The proposed algorithm improves the performance of the recommendation generation.
PRAGMATICS OF SPEECH STYLE IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN BUSINESS LINGUISTICS
Authors: Shokhayeva Karlygash , Kalniyazova Ainur , Aryn Yerzhan , Assembaiuly Yerlan , Otegen Nuraly
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study: The study aims to identify, describe, systematize, and compare linguistic means expressing communicative and pragmatic meaning in determining their composition, semantics, and functions in the genres of law, order, and international agreement. The development of linguistic thought is characterized by an increasing interest in the functioning of linguistic units in speech, increased attention to the human factor in the language.

Methodology: A communicative-pragmatic approach described the transition from the study of genres as functional and stylistic types of text to their study as special expressions inherent in a certain area of communication. The authors used models of the relationship between linguistic units and their various associations with extra-linguistic situations of communication in a certain sphere of human activity.

Main Findings: The authors showed specifics of the representation of the value of the address in an official speech, establishes a repertoire of language means that realize the meaning of address in prescription genres, determines the dependence of the choice of the lexico-grammatical form of means of express the essence of addressing, forms the speech structure of styles.

Applications of this study: The work defines the specifics of the conditions of communication in the business sphere; revealed the communicative specificity of stereotyped role manifestations and speech behavior in terms of the functioning of oral and written genres, characteristic for speech communication in the professional sphere. The classification of speech genres is proposed primarily for the business area.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty is determined by the object of research and the enterprise's attempt to make a comprehensive description of the genres of speech communication in business from the position of communicative-pragmatic approach. The communicative-pragmatic method in modern linguistics has updated the research of the specifics of speech communication and language support of speech communication in various spheres of human activity.
Implementation of multilinear look-up tables as surrogate models for the ethyl transesterification reactor in equation-oriented simulator EMSO
Authors: De Oliveira Martins Christian , Fernando Furlan Felipe , De Campos Giordano Roberto
Published: October 2020

The techno-economic analysis of chemical processes is usually based on steady state simulations. When dynamic processes are present, simplified or surrogate models are used to avoid the dynamic simulation of the overall system. Nevertheless, this usually results in loss of information when the simplified model is used or a large number of parameters when the surrogate model is applied. To circumvent this problem, a hybrid surrogate model is proposed that combines the low-cost prediction of the average behavior by a simplified model with the fine tuning provided by a multilinear look-up table. This concept was applied to the homogeneous alkaline transesterification of the soybean oil with ethanol in a batch reactor. The hybrid approach enabled a 70% reduction in the number of points of the look-up table compared to the pure interpolator model, for an accuracy tolerance of 0.01 mol/l.
Construction processes of roof structures: a systematic review
Authors: Pilz Thaisa Lana , Scheuer Mayara , Maceno Marcell Mariano Corrêa , Genaro Thalyta , Sotsek Nicolle Christine
Published: October 2020

Despite the fact that the construction industry in Brazil is traditionally recognized for the use of craft construction techniques, in the last few years, there has been a growth in the search for new materials, processes, and technologies for this segment.  This is mainly due to the great environmental impact that this sector causes. Based on this context, this article aimed to map the constructive processes of existing roofs in the literature, to raise its advantages, disadvantages and previous cases. To achieve this aim, the systematic review method based on three phases –  research questions, selection of documents and classification of selected documents, and the 5W2H quality tool were used. Thus, this research could contribute to the literature on this topic, as well as encourage the idealization of new ideas of roof construction processes.
Using Webcam Video Feed to Measure and Evaluate National Park Recreation Patterns
Authors: Schill Gray Emily , Wikle Jocelyn
Published: October 2020

Park managers and researchers have increasingly sought new approaches for data collection to understand recreation patterns and experiences in a more sophisticated and holistic manner. Traditional methods of monitoring visitors through on-site observation and surveys can be time consuming, expensive, and prone to error, and park managers recognize the value of new technologies in providing reliable and cost-effective visitor monitoring programs that achieve a balance between precision, accuracy, and efficiency. Live webcam video feeds are becoming increasingly available online and provide an opportunity to monitor aspects of recreation that have previously been difficult to measure. Additionally, webcam monitoring, which can be done remotely, provides a cost-effective alternative to on-site data collection because it eliminates the need for travel costs and on-site personnel. The purpose of this study is to provide a methodological investigation of extracting recreation data from webcams to introduce park managers and leisure researchers to this new data collection technique. We provide a typology for the types of questions this method can address, carefully document an approach for conducting research with webcam video feeds, and provide a proof-of-principle through presenting a case study. Taken together, we demonstrate that an online approach using webcam footage for recreation research is feasible and viable. This research has broad applications in recreation contexts, allowing the study of detailed spatio-temporal recreation patterns, visit volumes, user heterogeneity, and large tour tracking. Webcam information can also be combined with relevant data on weather conditions, air quality, gas prices, or other conditions to learn about factors shaping the timing of recreation experiences. This study has implications for park and recreation managers, who make decisions about facilitating or hindering the use of webcams at their sites through their attention to expanding or contracting the supply of webcams on public lands, positioning cameras, and maintaining live feeds. Decisions made by park staff about webcams should not only consider the impacts of webcams on enhancing user experience, but also consider their use as a tool to monitor recreation patterns by park personnel and by leisure and tourism researchers more broadly.
Physical development, component body composition, actual nutrition, energy balance of overweight and obese students
Authors: MAKSINEV Dmitriy V.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study: to research the prevalence of overweight and obesity, the features of physical development, the type of physique, the component composition of the body of students, their dependence on the energy balance and the actual nutrition of students with overweight syndrome. Material and methods: we carried out the study on the basis of Derzhavin Tambov State University. We examined 128 young men aged 18–22 years. The anthropometric program included the determination of 25 features, measured according to the standard methodology using the automated complex of CMD “Healthy Child.” Diagnosis of overweight syndrome and obesity was by body mass index. We carried out an estimation of actual power supply and power consumption by frequency method with subsequent application of computer program ”Analysis of human power supply state” (version 1.2.4) of the Main Research Institute of RAMS Power Supply. The results: we noted a high frequency of overweight (41,4 %) and obesity (23,4 %) among the examined young men, with hyperstenic physique type, excess body weight was among 58,5 %, and obesity among 73,3 % of students. An excess of the energy value of the diet over daily energy consumption, which was due to an increased number of fats due to saturated fatty acids, proteins and easily digestible carbohydrates characterizes nutrition in overweight syndrome. A decrease in the proportion of skinny body weight and muscle mass contributed to a decrease in daily energy consumption in overweight syndrome. We established an imbalance of macronutrients, leading to the development of abdominal obesity. The energy value and chemical composition of the diet did not affect the incidence of overweight and obesity in students with different types of physique.
Modern medical and demographic situation in the Tambov Region
Authors: SIMONOV Sergey N. , BOLSHAKOVA Nelly Yu. , BARANOV Alexander V. , VEDISHCHEV Sergey I.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. We understand the medical and demographic situation as a set of demographic phenomena and processes that are factors that negatively affect the state of health of the population in this territory, and actualize the need for making scientifically sound management decisions in the regional health system. The purpose of the study: on the basis of official statistics, to research the features of the demographic situation in the Tambov Region and to identify fundamental demographically determined patterns of formation, the state of health of the region's population. Materials and methods. As an information base, we used the following: official statistics on the demography of Tambovstat for 2000–2020; data from statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for 2007–2019. Results. The demographic situation in the region has been in deep crisis over the past decades and is characterized by a steady downward trend in the total population, averaging 10276 per year; lack of female population of fertile age, which is 41,4 % of all women instead of the necessary 50 %; adverse changes in the structure of women of fertile age, which consisted in a decrease in the proportion of intervals of 20–24 years and 25–29 years, which are the most reproductive; the low level of the total fertility rate, according to which the Tambov Region occupies 84th place among 85 subjects of the Russian Federation; completion of the formation of a low-density family model; 90 % of families in the Tambov Region have 1–2 children and only 10 % – more than two; sustainable narrowing of the population; in 2018, the average number of children a woman gives birth to during the re-productive period was 1.33 (TFR); negative natural growth and negative migration balances, which represent steady trends since 1990. In the Tambov Region, it is necessary to conduct fundamental demographic studies that will make it possible to develop scientifically justified models of the reproduction of the population of a typical agro-industrial region of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation, calculate the forecast and offer management structures recommendations for the formation of a rational and productive regional demographic policy.
Structure and content of rehabilitation of 45–50 year old women with knee arthrosis
Authors: MUKINA Ekaterina Yu. , SAVELYEV Artem V.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The purpose of the work is to develop and substantiate a technique for physical rehabilitation in knee arthrosis. We assumed that the technique we developed will contribute to the speedy restoration of knee joint functions, the removal of pain syndrome and an increase in the physical activity of patients. Of greatest importance in kinesitherapy is the determination of women's motor capabilities, abilities for household and labor skills, for which muscle testing on multifunctional simulators is used. For subjective assessment of pain, we proposed a verbal descriptive scale. This method is designed to determine the intensity of pain and allows you to evaluate the subjective pain sensations that the patient experiences at the time of the study. Hydroxynesitherapy is in the physical rehabilitation program. When performing gymnastics in water, different depth of immersion is used, dynamic exercises, exercises with elastic (rubber) bandage, rubber espanders, shovels (to increase rowing resistance), flippers and special cuffs on knee joints are used. Duration of classes 15–20 min 2–3 times a week, course 30–45 days and subsequent application of teips. The rehabilitation included treatment baths, which women conducted independently at home. When conducting kinesitherapeutic measures, we took into account the patient's complaints, we carried out medical supervision, control of heart rate and blood pressure. We presented the results of the study of influence of the proposed technique on morphofunctional state of women 45–50 years old. We noted positive dynamics of influence of kinesitherapy on motor functions of knee joint.
Scaling invariance of the strict KP hierarchy
Authors: Helminck Gerard F. , Panasenko Elena A.
Published: October 2020

In this paper we show first of all that for solutions of the strict KP hierarchy it is sufficient to work in a standard setting. Further we discuss a minimal realization of the hierarchy and present the scaling invariance of the Lax equations of the hierarchy.
Policy Dilemmas of Migration Control: Liberal Democracies and Migrants with Precarious Legal Status
Authors:   , Schultz Caroline
Published: October 2020

This dissertation investigates salient policy dilemmas of migration control in liberal democracies, thereby offering novel perspectives on the study of immigration policies in political science and beyond.
Build Strategy and Impact Strength of SLM Produced Maraging Steel (1.2709)
Authors: Jarfors Anders E. W. , Shashidhar Akash Chikke Gowda Hosapalya , Yepur Hrushi Kailash , Steggo Jacob , Andersson Nils-Eric , Stolt Roland
Published: October 2020

The current paper aims to study the impact properties of additively manufactured Maraging steel (1.2709) using laser powder bed fusion (PBF-L) processing. The specimens were manufactured using 3Dsystems ProX 300 equipment under constant specific power input, or Andrew Number. The interactions between the build strategy and parameters, such as Hatch spacing and Scan speed was, and the impact strength and fracture were investigated. The Impact energy anisotropy was also investigated parallel and perpendicular to the build direction. Instrumented impact testing was performed, and the fractography supported that the fusion zone geometry dictated the fracture behaviour. The influence from gaseous elements such as Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen was found insignificant at the levels found in the printed material.
Decision Analysis on Sustainable Value: Comparison of the London and Taiwan Markets for Product Integration of Family Security Services and Residential Fire Insurance
Authors: Lee Jen-Chieh , Lin Tyrone T.
Published: October 2020

This paper explores decision analysis on product integration of family security services and residential fire insurance in the London and Taiwan markets by using the proposed mathematical models for counting sustainable value. This paper shows the five main different results between London and Taiwan markets with ten different parameters of the family security market, to find out the optimal number of family security integrated services for each security company in London. The improvement of the risk aversion effect based on risk and financial management will enhance the market share of the private security industries in the London and Taiwan markets. The results of this research can serve as a reference for the decision-making of private security industries on product integration under sustainable value consideration. The research findings highlight the potential benefits for both the private security industry and the insurance industry in their design and negotiation for product integration to improve both of business operation and achieve corporate social responsibility goals to match the sustainability in the future.
Экспериментальные исследования сезонной предсказуемости погоды, выполненные на основе климатической модели ИВМ РАН
Authors: Воробьева В В , Vorob'eva V V , Володин Евгений Михайлович , Volodin Evgenii Mikhailovich
Published: October 2020

Описана технология построения набора начальных данных с использованием методики устранения смещения модельного климата по отношению к реальному для
проведения экспериментов сезонного временного масштаба с математической моделью климата Института вычислительной математики (ИВМ) РАН, разработанной
изначально для многолетних экспериментов. Проведен сравнительный анализ средних по всем годам коэффициентов корреляции аномалий для зимних сезонов различных метеополей и регионов с аналогичными результатами модели ПЛАВ. Выявлено наличие увеличения коэффициентов корреляции аномалий в годы явлений ЭльНиньо и Ла-Нинья. Показано совпадение фаз квазидвухлетнего колебания. Выполнено сравнение модельных аномалий давления на уровне моря, количества осадков и
температуры поверхности с аномалиями реанализа и показано сходство.
Энтропийная устойчивость бикомпактных схем в задачах газовой динамики
Authors: Брагин Михаил Дмитриевич , Bragin Mikhail Dmitrievich
Published: October 2020

Полностью дискретные бикомпактные схемы четвертого порядка аппроксимации
по пространству исследуются на энтропийную устойчивость в задачах газовой динамики. Выводятся выражения для скорости производства энтропии в этих схемах.
Получаются качественные оценки для поведения этой величины. На примере тестовых одномерных задач Римана выполняется численный анализ скорости производства энтропии у бикомпактных схем первого и третьего порядков аппроксимации по времени. Из результатов данного анализа делается заключение о том, необходима ли для бикомпактных схем какая-либо энтропийная коррекция.
Численное исследование инкремента градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости на фронтах экваториальных плазменных пузырей
Authors: Кащенко Николай Михайлович , Kashchenko Nikolay M. , Ишанов Сергей Александрович , Ishanov Sergei Aleksandrovich , Мациевский Сергей Валентинович , Matsievsky Sergei Valentinovich
Published: October 2020

Наземные и спутниковые измерения, а также численное моделирование пространственной структуры экваториальных ионосферных пузырей проводятся достаточно
интенсивно. Эти данные показывают, что долготные и высотные градиенты логарифма электронной концентрации на вертикальных границах пузырей могут достигать значений 0.001 1/м и 0.0001 1/м соответственно. При таких градиентах электронной концентрации возможно развитие градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости.
Эта неустойчивость может генерировать неоднородности ионосферной плазмы с
пространственно-временными масштабами, характерными для экваториального F-рассеяния. В данной статье представлены результаты расчетов инкрементов нарастания градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости на границах ионосферных пузырей.
Пространственно-временная структура экваториальных плазменных пузырей получена численным моделированием. Это моделирование основано на двумерной численной модели неустойчивости Рэлея--Тейлора в экваториальной ионосфере Земли.
Эта модель построена при условии, что рэлей-тейлоровские и градиентные неоднородности сильно вытянуты вдоль силовых линий магнитного поля. Инкременты
нарастания градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости плазмы получены из дисперсионного уравнения. Результаты численных экспериментов подтверждают возможность генерации градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости ионосферной плазмы. Это
происходит за счет значительных долготных и высотных градиентов плазмы на
фронтах развитого экваториального плазменного пузыря. При этом инкремент нарастания градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости может достигать значений 1/(170 с).
Градиентно-дрейфовая неустойчивость может быть причиной экваториального F-рассеяния.
Students’ reading interest in biology learning model based on remap CIRC, GI and TGT
Authors: Hayati Nur , Zubaidah Siti , Mahanal Susriyati
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the differences in students' reading interest in biology learning models based on remap CIRC, GI, and TGT. It is a quasi-experiment implemented in Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia and Public High School S of Malang, Indonesia in the odd semester of 2014/2015. The research population was all students of 10th grade of Public High School of Malang, Indonesia. The sampling technique was random sampling.  The research sample consisted of 10th-grade science 1 of Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia, 10th-grade science 2 of Public High School N of Malang Indonesia, and 10th-grade science 1 of Public High School S of Malang, Indonesia as an experiment group; and 10th-grade science 3 of Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia as a control group. The analysis was carried out in a quantitative. The result showed that the CIRC  remapping learning model had the greatest influence on students' reading interest compared to GI and TGT. The students’ reading interest scores using remap CIRC, GI, and TGT models were 82.90, 76.23, and 80.49. Remap CIRC, GI, and TGT model should be applied in biology learning because it can empower students' reading interest.
Enhancing students’ thinking skills through project-based learning in biology
Authors: Denny Muhammad Fajar  , Ramli Murni , Ariyanto Joko , Widoretno Sri , Sajidan S , Prasetyanti Nanik Murti
Published: October 2020

This research aims to enhance students' thinking skills (TS) through a project-based learning (PBL) intervention in two cycles of classroom action research (CAR) on the topic of the Ecosystem. TS was determined by the quantity and quality of the students' questions (SQ) and statements (SS), which were determined based on Bloom's taxonomy. The research target was students in grade X (N=31) of one social science class at a public high school in Surakarta. Their TS were rated as low during the Pre-cycle. Based on their verbal activities, the students were categorized into five active (A) and non-active (NA) groups (A-1, A-2, NA-1, NA-2, and NA-3). The NA students were more engaged after the two cycles of CAR. Although the A-1 and A-2 students posed more SQ and SS than the NA students, some of the NA-1, NA-2, and NA-3 students performed positively. In the Pre-cycle, only the C1 and C2 cognitive levels were detected, mostly as factual and conceptual. During the CAR, however, C4, C5, and C6 were found as procedural. In Cycle II, we can find a few examples of metacognition. Overall, this research has shown that PBL can be used to increase student learning engagement. They become active communicators. There was evidence that the quality of students' questions and statements improved to the level of C6 and metacognition. Hopefully, further research can be conducted on the impact of grouping strategies during PBL activities by purposively combining high-achieving students or actively questioning and giving their peers statements in the opposite situation.
Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders in COVID-19 Infected Children
Authors: Popova R. V. , Ruzhentsova T. A. , Khavkina D. A. , Chukhlyaev P. V. , Garbuzov A. A. , Meshkova N. A.
Published: October 2020

Objective of the work was to investigate the peculiarities of gastrointestinal tract disorders in children with coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Materials and methods. We have analyzed the frequency, terms of emergence, duration and character of gastrointestinal disorders on the basis of medical records of 36 children receiving the treatment for community-acquired pneumonia of coronavirus etiology (positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus) in the children’s infectious disease department of Moscow State Clinical Hospital, Mytishchi. The majority of patients had moderate form of the disease (97 %), severe cases were not registered. The age range of the children – 8 months to17 years old. All patients were subjected to supplementary examination on Day 1 in accordance with the current recommendations. Children were treated in hospital settings for 8–15 days. Assessment of clinical status was performed at least once a day over the stated period, supplementary survey – at least once in a week, upon indications – more frequently. SARSCoV-2 virus was identified using polymerase chain reaction. All patients received standard therapy in compliance with advanced methodological recommendations, upon indications – other pharmaceutical products.

Results and discussion. Gastro-intestinal disorders in 23 children (64 %) emerged on Day 4–5, in 8 children (22 %) – before the start of the treatment; they lasted 3–5 days. In most of the patients diarrhea (64 %) and stomachaches (57 %) were observed. 67 % of the children demonstrated other symptoms indicative of gastrointestinal dysfunction. The disorders were characteristic for most of the children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The symptoms are contained when the main course of therapy is conducted, indicated for treatment of COVID-19, and additional therapy recommended for management of gastro-intestinal infections is performed.
Electro-Optical Analysis of Cell Viability of Tularemia Microbe Vaccine Strain
Authors: Volokh O. A. , Borisova S. V. , Bibikov D. N. , Kuznetsova E. M. , Samokhvalova Yu. I. , Avdeeva N. G. , Komissarov A. V. , Nikiforov A. K.
Published: October 2020

Objective: to study the possibility of applying electro-optical analysis for the assessment of cell viability of tularemia microbe vaccine strain at different stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine production.

Materials and methods. The research object was a cell culture of Francisella tularensis 15 NIIEG.  Investigations were carried out at all stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine (ELTV) manufacturing according to an advanced technology: cultivation, concentrating, diafiltration, mixing with drying media, stabilization, and storage (two-year period of observation). Electro-optical analysis by the parameter “polarizability anisotropy” of bacterial cell was conducted with the help of EloTrace (EloSystems, Germany). Total concentration of cells was evaluated using density metering at 590 nm and spectrometry – at 650 nm. Viability was assessed through inoculation of plates with FT-agar.

Results and discussion. The experiment has demonstrated that the change in polarizability anisotropy of the cell at the frequencies of 900 kHz and 2100 kHz, reflecting the state of cytoplasm and cytoplasmic membrane, respectively, is the earliest response to changes in vital indicators of bacterial culture in the process of cultivation. Thereby, the decrease in viability of F. tularensis cells occurrs well before the decrease in cell concentration. We have shown the preservation of viability of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG cells at all stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine production. Electro-optical analysis allows for registering the changes in vital parameters of microorganism cells in real-time mode, while the assessment of viability applying bacteriological method takes up to 5 days. Different stages of tularemia vaccine manufacturing have impact on the vital indicators of F. tularensis cells, and electro-optical analysis is a prospect method of control of such parameter as “Specific activity (the number of live microbial cells)”.
Qualitative Indicators of Experimental Brucellosis Antigen Preparations Designed for Cellular Tests in vitro
Authors: Kurcheva S. A. , Kovalev D. A. , Ponomarenko D. G. , Siritsa Yu. V. , Kostyuchenko M. V. , Koshkid’ko A. G. , Zharnikova I. V. , Rakitina E. L. , Logvinenko O. V. , Zhirov A. M.
Published: October 2020

In order to develop the most diagnostically informative methods for carrying out antigen-stimulated cellular tests in vitro a careful selection of stimulating agent (antigen) is required, possessing an adequate activating potential and providing specificity of the reaction.

Objective of the study was to identify the qualitative indicators of experimental batches of brucellosis antigen preparations designed for cellular tests in vitro.

Materials and methods. Initially we produced antigen complexes of brucellosis microbe on the basis of the vaccine strains of three epidemically significant Brucella species (B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis). Quantitative determination of WsAg and PPBC proteins of experimental preparation series was performed applying capillary electrophoresis. Qualitative composition was assessed through ion exchange liquid chromatography with refractometric detection.

Results and discussion. We have specified physical-chemical features, investigated chromatographic profiles and composition of protein fractions, as well as tried the produced experimental batches of brucellosis antigen preparations. After analyzing the defined protein and polysaccharide composition of the obtained WsAg samples, one can conclude that WsAg preparation cannot be used for cellular tests as the probability of non-specific lymphocyte reaction manifestation in vitro was experimentally proven. By contrast, complex brucellosis antigen preparation PPBC has an expressed specific activity and specificity under in vitro conditions and the prospects to be used when developing methodological approaches for laboratory diagnosis of brucellosis and assessment of de facto immunity rate in risk contingents after vaccination. The obtained parameters will allow for proper quality provision when manufacturing the developed experimental PPBC preparation designed for cellular tests in vitro, taking into account modern validation and standardization regulations.
Failure of the Femoral Component in a Cemented Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Kropelnicki Anna , Platt W.J.
Published: October 2020

Case:

The usual mechanism of failure of a total knee arthroplasty is aseptic loosening of the tibial component. We present a case of an atraumatic late failure by fracture of the femoral component in an active 83-year-old and review the very small number of similar cases within the literature.

Conclusion:

Although it is difficult to draw firm conclusions on such a rare presentation, it appears the heavy-set, active man may be at risk of a femoral component fracture in the long-term. This case also raises an important question about diligence in cementing techniques for the femoral component.
Classification of Words of Wisdom in Indonesian on Twitter Using Naïve Bayes and Multinomial Naive Bayes
Authors: Rachmadany Andry , Pranoto Yuliana Melita , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: October 2020

Quote is a sentence made with the hope that someone becomes a strong personality, an individual who always improves himself to advance and achieve success. Social media is a place for people to express their hearts to the world which is sometimes a heart expression in the form of quotes. The purpose of this study is to classify Indonesian quotes on Twitter using Naïve Bayes and Multinomial Naïve Bayes. This experiment uses text classification from Twitter data written by Twitter users whether the quotes are then classified again into 6 categories (Love, Life, Motivation, Education, Religion, Others). The language used is Indonesian. The methods used are Naive Bayes and Multinomial Naïve Bayes. Results of this experiment is a classified Indonesian quote collection web application. This classification makes it easy for users to search for quotes based on class or keyword. For example, when a user wants to search for 'motivational' quotes, this classification can be very useful.
Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS pathogens in conflict and non-conflict affected settings in the Middle East: A systematic review
Authors: Truppa Claudia , Abo-Shehada Mahmoud N.
Published: October 2020

Background: In spite of the evident general negative effects of armed conflict on countries’ health systems and populations’ health outcomes, little is known about similar impacts of conflicts on the spread of antimicrobial resistances (AMR). This review was to address this evidence gap and describe:1. Patterns of AMR in the Middle East (ME) and resistance profiles of pathogens included in the Global AMR Surveillance System (GLASS) supported by the World Health Organization;2. Differences in proportions of AMR isolates between conflict and non-conflict countries. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and searching five electronic databases. Subject heading and free text were searched for “antimicrobial resistances” and “Middle East”, to identify observational studies on AMR published from January 2011 to June 2018. Data were extracted from included articles on a predefined set of variables. Percentages of AMR were analysed as median and interquartile ranges. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 132 articles met the inclusion criteria. Included studies showed heterogeneity in study design, laboratory methods and standards for interpretation of results, and an overall high risk of bias. Main findings were the following:1. High proportions of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter spp. (median 74.2%: range), and both carbapenem resistance (median 8.1% and 15.4% for E. coli and K. pneumoniae respectively) and ESBL-production (median 32.3% and 27.9% for E. coli and K. pneumoniae respectively) amongst Enterobacteriaceae. S. aureus isolates showed a median methicillin resistance percentage of 45.1%, while vancomycin resistance was almost absent. A median of 50% of the strains of S. pneumoniae showed non-susceptibility to penicillin. 2. Similar trends were observed in conflict and non-conflict affected countries.Conclusions: There is a lack of standardization in the methodological approach to AMR research in the Middle East. The proportion of antibiotic resistances among specific GLASS pathogens is high, particularly among Acinetobacter spp.
Development and evaluation of an online education tool on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder for General Practitioners: the important contribution of co-production
Authors: French Blandine , Daley David , Perez-Vallejos Elvira , Sayal Kapil , Hall Charlotte
Published: October 2020

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is underdiagnosed in the UK and the assessment and diagnosis pathway often involves a general practitioner (GP) referral to secondary care services. GPs’ levels of knowledge and understanding about ADHD is often a significant barrier in patients accessing care. The development of an online education ressource could improve GPs knowledge of ADHD and optimise appropriate referrals. Involving end-users in co-creating interventions may enhance their clinical utility and impact in routine clinical practice. However, there is limited published evidence describing how to meaningfully involve stakeholders in both the design and development components of co-production. Method : We report a step wise, co-production approach towards developing an online ADHD education intervention for GPs. Preparatory work highlighted the relevant topics to be included in the intervention, from which educational videos were then developed. Workshops were then conducted with GPs, leading to further refinement of the video content and subsequently the final intervention. A pilot usability study (n=10 GPs) was then conducted to assess the intervention’s acceptability, feasibility and accessibility. Results : The development of the online intervention was greatly facilitated by the involvement of GPs. Having a co-production development process ensured the consistent adaptation of the intervention to meet GPs’ needs. The usability study showed that the content of the intervention was suitable, easily accessible, engaging and delivered at an acceptable level of intensity, validating the development approach taken. Conclusion : While further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the developed intervention, preliminary findings demonstrated that it was acceptable and well received. The importance of co-development was highlighted in developing an intervention that addresses specific needs for GPs. This development approach may be useful for other researchers and developers of clinical interventions.
Germline Variation Networks in the PI3K/AKT Pathway Corresponding to Familial High-incidence Lung Cancer Pedigrees
Authors: Lin Huan , Zhang Gong , Zhang Xu-chao , Lian Xin-lei , Zhong Wen-zhao , Su Jian , Chen Shi-liang , Wu Yi-long
Published: October 2020

Background: There were scarcely germline variants of familial lung cancer (LC) identified. We conducted an study with whole-exome sequencing of pedigrees with familial lung cancer to analyze the potential genetic susceptibility. Methods: Probands with the highest hereditary background were identified by our large-scale epidemiological study and five ones were enrolled as a learning set. The germline SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) of other five similar probands, four healthy individuals in the formerly pedigrees and three patients with sporadic LC were used as a validation set, controlled by three healthy individuals without family history of any cancer. The network of mutated genes was generated using STRING-DB and visualized using Cytoscape. Results: Specific and shared somatic mutations and germline SNPs were not the shared cause of familial lung cancer. However, individual germline SNPs showed distinct protein-protein interaction network patterns in probands versus healthy individuals and patients with sporadic lung cancer. SNP-containing genes were enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway. These results were validated in the validation set. Furthermore, patients with familial lung cancer were distinguished by many germline variations in the PI3K/AKT pathway by a simple SVM classification method. It is worth emphasizing that one person with many germline variations in the PI3K/AKT pathway developed lung cancer during follow-up. Conclusions: The phenomenon that the enrichments of germline SNPs in the PI3K/AKT pathway might be a major predictor of familial susceptibility to lung cancer.