bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between Multiple Food Consumption Frequencies and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in High Cardiac Risk Subjects
Authors: Xu Xiaohui , Hu Shiyun , Shen Sijie , Ding Fang , Shao Jianlin , Shen Xiafen , Chen Tianxu , Xu Xiaoling , Yan Jing , Zhu Yin , Cai Qiang , Yu Wei
Published: November 2024

Background: Dietary choices are inextricably linked to the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), whereas an optimal dietary pattern to minimize CVD morbidity in high-risk subjects remains challenging. Methods: We comprehensively assessed the relationship between food consumption frequencies and CVD in 28,979 high-risk subjects. The outcome was defined as the composite of the incidence of major CVD events, including coronary heart disease and stroke. Risk factors associated with CVD were screened through a shrinkage approach, specifically least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Hazard ratios (HRs) for various dietary consumption frequencies were assessed using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts. Results: Increased egg and seafood consumption were associated with a lower risk of CVD (daily vs little, HR 1.70, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.79–3.64, ptrend = 0.0073 and HR 1.86, 95% CI: 1.24–2.81, ptrend = 0.024, respectively). 6 non-food (age, sex, smoke, location, heart ratio, and systolic blood pressure) and 3 food (fruit, egg, and seafood) related risk factors were included in the nomogram to predict 3 and 5-year incidence of CVD. The concordance indexes of the training and validation cohorts were 0.733 (95% CI: 0.725–0.741) and 0.705 (95% CI: 0.693–0.717), respectively. The nomogram was validated using the calibration and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, demonstrating respectable accuracy and discrimination. Conclusions: Guided by the concept of “food as medicine”, this nomogram could provide dietary guidance and prognostic prediction for high cardiac risk subjects in CVD prevention.
The Role of Cardiac Macrophages in Inflammation and Fibrosis after Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion
Authors: Jin Kaiqin , Ma Zijun , Wang Xiaohe , Gong Chen , Sheng Jianlong , Chen Jun , Shen Shichun
Published: November 2024

According to current statistics, the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases remains high, with coronary artery disease being the primary cause of death. Despite the widespread adoption of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in recent years, which has led to a notable decrease in the mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI), the pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure that follow myocardial infarction still pose significant clinical challenges. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR) injury represents a complex pathophysiological process, and the involvement of macrophages in this injury has consistently been a subject of significant focus. Following MIR, macrophages infiltrate, engulfing tissue debris and necrotic cells, and secreting pro-inflammatory factors. This initial response is crucial for clearing damaged tissue. Subsequently, the pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) transition to an anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2), a shift that is essential for myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodeling. This process is dynamic, complex, and continuous. To enhance understanding of this process, this review elaborates on the classification and functions of macrophages within the heart, covering recent research on signaling pathways involved in myocardial infarction through subsequent MIR injury and fibrosis. The ultimate aim is to reduce MIR injury, foster a conducive environment for cardiac recovery, and improve clinical outcomes for MI patients.
The Predictive Value of Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio for Predicting Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Kawasaki Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cui Yaru , Zhang Linling , Liu Xiaoliang , Liu Lei , Zhou Kaiyu , Hua Yimin , Shao Shuran , Wang Chuan
Published: November 2024

Background: Predicting resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) remains a focus of research. Fibrinogen and albumin in systemic inflammation play an important role. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) for initial IVIG resistance in patients with KD. Methods: The study prospectively recruited 962 patients with KD between July 2015 and June 2022. The serum characteristics of the two groups were compared by comparing fibrinogen and albumin, as well as other laboratory and clinical data between the IVIG-responsive and IVIG-resistant groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between FAR and IVIG resistance. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the effectiveness of FAR in predicting initial IVIG resistance. Results: Our results demonstrated that IVIG-resistant patients had significantly higher fibrinogen levels (603.35 ± 99.00 mg/L), FAR (17.30 ± 3.31), and lower albumin (35.47 ± 5.24 g/L) compared to IVIG-responsive patients (fibrinogen 572.35 ± 145.75 mg/L; FAR 15.08 ± 4.32; albumin 38.52 ± 4.55 g/L). 15.20 was the best cut-off value of FAR for predicting initial IVIG resistance. The sensitivity was 72.5%, the specificity was 51.3%, the positive predictive value was 91.8%, and the negative predictive value was 20.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, found that FAR was an independent predictor of initial IVIG resistance in KD children. Conclusions: The FAR was an independent risk factor for initial IVIG resistance, its predictive power for initial IVIG resistance exceeded that of albumin and fibrinogen alone. FAR may not be suitable as a single marker but might serve as a complementary laboratory marker to accurately predict initial IVIG resistance in KD.
Gender and Social Connections as Determinants of Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Conklin Annalijn I. , Guo Peter N.
Published: November 2024

Background: Social connections impact cardiovascular diseases (CVD) morbidity and mortality, but their role in hypertension, as a CVD risk factor, and their gender inequities is less understood. This review aimed to examine the longitudinal evidence on the impact of changes in social connections on risk of hypertension among aging adults, with a specific focus on gender. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature in Medline, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL conducted until 10 June 2024. Prospective studies evaluating the effect of changes in living arrangement, marital status, social network, or social participation on changes in blood pressure or incident hypertension among adults aged 45 and above were included. Results: We found 20,026 records (13,381 duplicates), resulting in 6645 eligible titles/abstracts for screening and 29 texts read in full. Only six studies from three countries met inclusion criteria, with four focused on marital transitions and two on changes in living arrangement. Overall, loss of close social connections had mixed effects on changes in blood pressure or risk of hypertension. More consistent adverse CVD outcomes were observed across studies for aging adults who entered marriage or became co-living (gain of close social connections). Similarly, persistent lack of close social connections appeared to result in greater increases in blood pressure or higher risk of hypertension. Two included studies were of high quality and the rest were medium quality. Excluded studies assessing change in either CVD risk or social tie transitions were also described (n = 9). Conclusions: There is a surprising paucity of prospective evidence on social relationships as determinants of CVD risk in the aging population, despite ample research on social factors correlated with health. Limited research suggests that both gains and losses of close social connections as well as persistent lack of close social connections may alter CVD risk, but effects are specific to single-sex samples. Research and policy should prioritize causally robust high-quality studies to unravel social determinants of CVD risk as actionable evidence to inform social prescribing in CVD prevention and healthy aging strategies is still tenuous. The PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022373196, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=373196.
Methodological approaches to the study of the causes of temporary disability at employees
Authors: Bukhtiyarov Igor V. , Gurvich Vladimir B. , Shastin Aleksandr S. , Tikhonova Galina I. , Gazimova Venera G. , Sutunkova Marina P. , Pershin Sergey E. , Plotko Edvard G. , Serebryakov Pavel V. , Yarushin Sergey V. , Ruzakov Vadim O.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Temporary disability (TD) is one of the main indicators characterizing the state of health of workers. The legislation in force in the Russian Federation on the protection of personal data has significantly limited the possibilities of analyzing the incidence of temporary disability at the enterprise level.
The study aims to evaluate the possibility of using the results of the analysis of temporary disability according to enterprise data in the risk management system for the health of workers.
Materials and methods. The scientists used data from four enterprises of different types of economic activity with the number of employees from 1,647 to 5,882 people to assess the possibility of analyzing the causes of temporary disability, they also received information about all cases of temporary disability in the form of depersonalized personal data. For statistical data processing, specialists used Microsoft Excel 2013.
Results. The company's own accounting data allows to consolidate and analyze personalized data on the causes of temporary disability of employees. The level of temporary disability can be determined considering the gender and age structure of employees, length of service, working conditions, profession and other characteristics of the workers.
Limitations. The study is limited by the lack of information on diseases that cause temporary disability.
Conclusion. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop new methodological approaches for analyzing the causes of temporary disability at the enterprise level, introducing them into systems of social and hygienic monitoring and risk management for the health of workers.
Empirical evidence of dynamic hydrogeomorphic feature inundation in a lowland floodplain
Authors: Cain Molly , Hixson Jase , Jones C. Nathan , Rhoads Bruce , Ward Adam
Published: November 2024

Floodplains along low-gradient, meandering river systems contain diverse hydrogeomorphic features, ranging from isolated depressions to hydrologically-connected channels. These ephemerally-flooded features inundate prior to river water overtopping all banks, enhancing river-floodplain connectivity during moderately high flow stages. Predicting when and where ecological functions occur in floodplains requires understanding the dynamic hydrologic processes of hydrogeomorphic features, including inundation and exchange. In this study, we examined storm event-scale inundation and exchange dynamics along a lowland, meandering river system in central Illinois (USA). We monitored surface water presence/absence, surface water level, and groundwater level across floodplain hydrogeomorphic feature types (i.e., isolated depression, backwater channel, and flow-through channel). Using these data, we evaluated inundation onset and recession characteristics, drivers of groundwater-surface water interactions, and direction of hydrologic exchange with the river channel. Surface water presence/absence patterns suggested inundation onset timescales were primarily controlled by microtopography and recession timescales were correlated with floodplain elevation. Employing a novel hysteresis approach for characterizing groundwater-surface water interactions, we observed distinct patterns indicating differences in water sources across hydrogeomorphic units and event characteristics. Finally, differences in hydraulic head along floodplain channels revealed that channels with multiple inlets/outlets (i.e., flow-through channels) conveyed down-valley flow and channels with single inlets primarily functioned as sinks of river-derived water to the floodplain with short source periods. These results highlight the heterogeneity of hydrologic processes that occur along lowland, meandering river-floodplains, and more specifically, point to the important role hydrogeomorphic features play in controlling dynamic connectivity within the river corridor.
Modelling microplastics in bioretention systems: A review
Authors: Smyth Kelsey , Passeport Elodie , Drake Jennifer
Published: November 2024

Urban stormwater is both a major source and a mode of transport for microplastics in the environment. Black-box field studies have found that bioretention cells, a type of low impact development (LID), consisting mainly of engineered porous media, are effective systems for capturing microplastics. However, the mechanisms of how microplastics are transported, removed from stormwater, and fragmented within bioretention cells are unclear. Additionally, the impacts of microplastics on the hydrology and microplastic removal performance of bioretention cells remain unclear. This study assesses tools to model microplastic removal using LID and reviews the literature on the mechanisms of microplastic filtration in porous media. None of the evaluated stormwater tools were found to be well-suited to model microplastic removal via bioretention. We identified 74 studies that, at times, misinterpreted “all microplastics” as colloids. We recommend using a combination of two models to evaluate the full spectrum of microplastic sizes. Currently, the best-suited models are HYDRUS and the cake-layer model described in Li and Davis (2008a), which can be adapted for this purpose. More column studies are needed to parametrize these models that use the full range of polymer types and morphologies of urban stormwater microplastics.
Physicochemical characteristics of sawo belanda (Pouteria Campechiana) flour with blanching process and drying techniques
Authors:   Department of Food Industry Technology, Zaida Zaida ,   Faculty of Agricultural Industry Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Zulfa Hajar Fauziyah ,   Department of Food Industry Technology; Faculty of Agricultural Industry Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Indarto Rossi ,   Department of Food Industry Technology; Faculty of Agricultural Industry Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Lembong Elazmanawati ,   Department of Food Industry Technology; Faculty of Agricultural Industry Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Lani Mohd Nizam ,   Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Sawo belanda fruit (Pouteria campechiana), a tropical fruit
abundantly found in Southeast Asia, is highly productive and particularly thrives
in the warm climates of Malaysia and Indonesia. However, the high fruit output of
sawo belanda contrasts with its limited consumption in Indonesia. The process
of converting sawo belanda into flour can significantly enhance its lifetime. The
application of blanching methods and proper drying techniques can be a solution to
avoid damage to the characteristics of the flour. This study aimed to determine the
physicochemical characteristics of sawo belanda flour that has been treated with
blanching and drying techniques. Methods: The parameters observed were moisture
content (%), hygroscopicity (%), colour, antioxidant content (ppm), and carotenoid
content (µg/g) with blanching and various drying techniques. Results: Microwave
blanching and food dehydrator technique (C1) produced the best characteristics:
moisture content of 7.82%, hygroscopicity of 8.04%, colour values of L* 84.0, a*
8.22, and b* 50.5, as well as functional characteristics including antioxidant content
of 142 ppm and carotenoid content of 92.4 µg/g. Conclusion: Sawo belanda with
C1 treatment had a significant impact on the water content, hygroscopicity, colour,
antioxidant and total carotenoid contents of sawo belanda flour. The antioxidant
content and incredibly high carotenoid content grant the sawo belanda flour an
additional functional value when added to food ingredients.
Associations of socio-demographic, environmental and parental factors, and nutritional status with fast food consumption among children aged 7-11 years old in Selangor
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Chong Shao Hui , Zalilah Mohd Shariff* ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This cross-sectional study examined fast food consumption and its
associated factors among primary school children in Selangor. Methods: A total
of 221 children aged 7-11 years from six randomly selected primary schools in
Petaling Perdana, Gombak, and Hulu Langat participated in this study. Parents
completed a self-administered questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics,
exposure to fast food advertising, home food availability, parental stress, attitude
towards fast food, intake of fast food, and two-day dietary record of children. Height
and weight of children were obtained from their school SEGAK records. Results:
Mean age of children was 9±1 years. Mean days per week of fast food consumption
among children was 3.2±1.6 days, with 45.7% consuming fast food for >3 days/
week. Factors associated with frequent fast food consumption were children whose
fathers had non-tertiary education levels (aOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.18–5.40), children
with higher total screen viewing time (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.00–1.46), lower home food
availability score (aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.98), overweight and obese (aOR 2.38,
95% CI 1.23–4.60), requiring dietary improvements (aOR 4.03, 95% CI 1.36–11.98),
and with poor diet quality (aOR 5.08, 95% CI 1.57–16.44). Conclusion: More than
one third of the children consumed fast food for >3 days/week. Screen viewing
time and home food availability should be considered when promoting healthy diets
among children. Future research should consider other potential factors associated
with children’s consumption of fast food
Effect of Leadership Style on Teacher’s performance of Private School in Nawalparasi
Authors: Sharma Ganesh Prasad
Published: November 2024

Exercising appropriate leadership, administrators might potentially alleviate the confusion resulting from the overlap of tasks in the work place, administration, and giving the directions within the top level of the management team work unit. The primary theory employed to assist this investigation was the Path-Goal Theory. The purpose of this study was to look into how school administrators' leadership philosophies impact the efficacy of their teachers. This study used a questionnaire as an instrument in a quantitative method survey design. In this investigation, a straightforward random sampling technique was applied. 212 administrators and teachers of private school from Nawalparasi are taken into consideration. Frequency, percentage, mean value, standard deviation, correlation Pearson were used to analyze the results. Furthermore, at the significance level of 0.95 both models of leadership have been showed the teachers effectiveness. In conclusion, administrators should consistently encourage, practice, and enhance these two leadership styles supportive leadership and participative leadership in order to boost the effectiveness of teachers at work.
Unveiling Femininity: Gender, Fame, and Success in Taylor Jenkins Reid’s The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo
Authors: Bhusal Tilak
Published: November 2024

The main objective of this research article is to explore the intersections of fame, femininity, and identity in Taylor Jenkins Reid's The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo, examining how gendered power dynamics shape the life and choices of Evelyn Hugo, a fictional Hollywood icon. The narrative explores the cost of success for women in a patriarchal society as Evelyn navigates societal pressures and industry expectations through seven carefully chosen marriages and the maintenance of a glamorous, heterosexual public image. While Evelyn uses her relationships as strategic tools to rise in a male-dominated film industry, her true identity and love for actress Celia St. James reveal the limitations imposed by cultural and gendered expectations. Drawing on feminist theory, particularly the work of scholars like Sandra Gilbert, Susan Gubar, and Betty Friedan (1963). This research examines Evelyn's complex struggle for power, examining how fame acts as both an avenue for empowerment and a restrictive force. The study further explores the novel's depiction of femininity, love, and bisexuality, considering how Evelyn's life reflects broader themes of identity and the struggle for authenticity within oppressive structures. This paper ultimately questions the cost of success for women in environments where public personas must often overshadow personal truth, offering insights into the challenges of achieving selfhood in spaces prioritizing image over individuality.
Faculty Perspectives on Professional Development in Nepalese Higher Education
Authors: Giri Surendra , Devkota Kamal Raj , Thasineku Om Chandra , Khanal Dipak , Kshetree Arun Kumar
Published: November 2024

This paper is a part of a comprehensive research conducted by CERID, TU, on professional development practices of the faculty members in higher education in Nepal. Delving into different professional development practices including research and publications, this paper unpacks the aspirations and challenges that the faculty members experienced in relation to their professional engagements. Quantitative information derived from survey and qualitative information derived from a series of FGDs, interviews and case study were analyzed to unpack the existing professional practices and aspirations that they university faculty members have had regarding their professional development. More importantly, this paper unfolds the challenges that the faculty members confronted with while engaging in different professional development practices involving research and publications, grants and facilities that they receive in this regard, professional development spaces that the concerned universities and campuses have created for them. This paper suggests that the policy makers and the concerned authorities of the universities and the affiliated campuses should stress the continuous professional development practices of teacher faculty members in their policies and programmes. This strengthens the overall quality of the teacher performance and quality of higher education in Nepal.
Methodological aspects of the organization of research works on geometry for basic school students based on the Technopark of Universal Pedagogical Competencies
Authors: Trushnikova Kseniia Vasilevna , Smykovskaia Tatiana Konstantinovna
Published: November 2024

The article raises the problem of organizing research work on geometry for students of the basic school on the basis of the Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies. A set of tasks is considered that ensure the organization of research work using the resources and equipment of the Technopark.
Does Harmonic Scalpel Tonsillectomy Have Better Postoperative Outcomes Than Cold Dissection Technique in Adults? Results of A Randomized Double-Masked Study
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Kumar Surendra , Sharma Sushil Kumar , Bhan Chandra , Bhargava Rahul , Gupta Jitendra
Published: November 2024

Objective: To compare postoperative pain, intraoperative blood loss, operating time, time needed to return to a normal diet, and activity between harmonic scalpel and cold dissection tonsillectomies. Material and Methods: In this prospective, double-blind study, eligible patients aged 18 and above (n=88) were randomized to receive either harmonic scalpel tonsillectomy (n=44) or cold steel tonsillectomy (n=44). Pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) on days 1, 4 and 7, respectively. Intraoperative bleeding was measured by intra-suction blood and the weight of tonsil swabs. Results: On postoperative day one, the mean pain score in the harmonic scalpel group was 4.6±1.4 (range, 2-7), and in the cold steel group, it was 7.2±1.7(range, 4-10): (p-value<0.001). The mean pain score on the 7th postoperative day in the harmonic scalpel group was 2.3±1 (range, 1-4), and in the cold steel group, it was (2.6±1.3, range 1-6) (p-value=0.145). The mean intraoperative bleeding in Group 1 was 8±1.9 (range, 5-12 cubic centimeter (cc)), and in Group 2 was 66.3±8.1 (range, 58-90 cc): (p-value<0.001). The mean duration of surgery in Group 1 was 14.5±3.5 (range, 11-28 minutes) and in Group 2 was 27.4±4.4 (range, 22-38 minutes) (p-value<0.001). The mean time taken to return to resume daily activities in the case of harmonic scalpel was 7.6± 0.8 days, whereas in cases of the cold steel method it was 8.8±0.9 days (independent t-test, p-value=0.050). Conclusion: Harmonic scalpel tonsillectomy has less postoperative pain compared to the cold dissection technique. Additionally, there is less intraoperative blood loss and a reduced incidence of delayed haemorrhage.
Revaloración de la cosmovisión mesoamericana con relación al agua
Authors: Vargas Rosas Citlalli del Carmen , Gallegos Navarrete Blanca Margarita
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La escasez de agua es un problema prioritario que se agrava con el crecimiento poblacional y el aumento del consumo. La visión antropocéntrica occidental ha tratado al agua como un recurso explotable, lo que ha contribuido al deterioro del medio ambiente. En contraste, la cosmovisión mesoamericana ofrece una perspectiva alternativa que considera al agua un elemento sagrado, lo que podría inspirar un nuevo enfoque hacia su preservación. Metodología: Se propone un enfoque basado en el pensamiento complejo, utilizando los niveles de procesos y análisis de Rolando García, para explorar y caracterizar los elementos de la cosmovisión mesoamericana relacionados con el agua. Resultados: Se identifican los componentes clave de la cosmovisión mesoamericana que pueden guiar a la sociedad contemporánea hacia una mayor conciencia ambiental. Se sugiere que la transición de una visión antropocéntrica a una ecocéntrica es necesaria para enfrentar la crisis del agua. Conclusiones: La cosmovisión mesoamericana ofrece una perspectiva valiosa para repensar el problema del agua, promoviendo su cuidado como un bien sagrado esencial para la vida, y podría orientar políticas públicas más efectivas para su uso racional y sostenible.
Examen de la cobertura mediática de la discapacidad en la prensa digital colombiana: un estudio comparativo entre eltiempo.com y vanguardia.com
Authors: Estrada Arango Marcela Patricia , Afanador Ortiz Omar Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Las representaciones mediáticas sobre la discapacidad son una realidad social discutida a través de los años. Históricamente, el origen de la discapacidad ha sido atribuido a aspectos religiosos, médicos y sociales. Metodología: Se empleó el análisis crítico del discurso como herramienta metodológica principal. Se analizaron artículos publicados en el tiempo.com y vanguardia.com durante el período 2010-2020, seleccionando aquellos que abordaban temas relacionados con la discapacidad. Resultados: Aunque en la última década se han registrado algunos avances en el discurso periodístico que evita el uso de palabras peyorativas contra las personas con discapacidad, se evidencia una falta de conocimiento en temas relacionados con este fenómeno social y otros problemas sociales. Discusión: La transformación de las narrativas excluyentes en narrativas de diversidad y respeto por los derechos humanos es esencial para promover una representación más justa e inclusiva. Además, es crucial fomentar la formación continua y especializada de los profesionales de la comunicación en temas de discapacidad y derechos humanos. Conclusiones: Es necesario un esfuerzo significativo para transformar la mirada del discurso actual y hablar de un modelo de convivencia desde la diversidad y respeto por los derechos humanos, con el fin de fomentar una representación más inclusiva y precisa de este fenómeno social.
Importancia de la formación en las ciencias humanísticas por parte del personal sanitario de enfermería, bajo la luz de Alfonso López Quintás
Authors: Fernandez Arriaga Pilar , Hernández Iglesias Sonsoles
Published: November 2024

Introducción: El avance tecnológico se nos presenta como un reto al que arropar bajo el paraguas de las ciencias humanísticas. En toda investigación, es necesaria realizar una fundamentación teórica antropológica que sea base de sustento de los contenidos a desarrollar. El objetivo está basado en demostrar la necesidad de tener presencia la humanización del cuidado en los profesionales sanitarios. Metodología: La metodología empleada en esta investigación responde a la realización de un análisis de contenido siguiendo una metodología analítica-descriptiva. Esto implica el uso de procedimientos, variables y categorías que dan respuesta a diseños de estudio y criterios de análisis. Resultados: La formación humanística no pretende reemplazar contenido académico propio de los estudios, sino complementar los estudios de las ciencias biológicas con los de las ciencias humanísticas promulgando una razón ampliada. Discusión: El personal sanitario no puede obviar la humanización del cuidado, ya que es mediante el mismo, donde se realizan intervenciones que atañen problemas que afectan tanto a la vida humana como los problemas ecológicos y sociales que afecten a la humanidad. Conclusiones: Se observa la necesidad de que la formación de los profesionales sanitarios se ampare bajo el paraguas de las ciencias sanitarias de la mano de las humanísticas.
EVALUATION OF PB(II) REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS MEDIUM BY BENTONITE AND ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
Authors: P. Kumari  , S. Verma  , U. Sharma  , A. K. Jha
Published: November 2024

Lead concentration in water and air may be attributed to geochemical reactions and anthropogenic activities too. The present paper discussed the strategy of removal of lead from aqueous medium using bentonite and activated charcoal. The batch experiments were done for different initial concentrations at different pH values and time intervals with a view to knowing the optimum condition. Bentonite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A mixture of bentonite and activated charcoal in a ratio of 1:1 was also used for the adsorption of lead from an aqueous medium. The residual concentration of lead was determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) at 220.353nm and 261.418nm. Results demonstrated that the residual concentration of lead was less than 2(µg/L) or 2ppb. The adsorptive removal can be attributed to high surface area of bentonite and cation exchange capacity of bentonite.
Công thức xác định ứng suất ổn định cục bộ của thép hộp chữ nhật chịu nén đúng tâm
Authors: Quốc Chiêm Đặng Tứ , Cường Bùi Hùng
Published: November 2024

Khi hiện tượng mất ổn định ở bản cánh hoặc bản bụng của thanh thép hộp chữ nhật xảy ra sẽ kéo theo biến dạng của bản còn lại. Do đó, việc tính toán ứng suất tới hạn cục bộ cũng như khả năng chịu lực tới hạn cho thanh thép chữ nhật phải xem xét đến sự tương tác của bản cánh và bản bụng. Bài báo đề xuất các công thức tính toán ứng suất tới hạn gây mất ổn định cục bộ của thanh thép chữ nhật rỗng chịu nén đúng tâm kể đến sự tương tác giữa bản bụng và bản cánh khi các tỷ số bề rộng với chiều cao, tỷ số chiều dày bản cánh với chiều dày bản bụng thay đổi. Kết quả phân tích ổn định đối với thanh thép chữ nhật rỗng chịu nén đúng tâm cho thấy ứng suất tới hạn cục bộ không phụ thuộc vào tỷ số chiều dài với chiều cao mà phụ thuộc vào tỷ số chiều dày với bề rộng và tỷ số bề rộng với chiều cao. Ứng suất tới hạn cục bộ được xác định bằng phương pháp dải hữu hạn bán giải tích trong chương trình CUFSM. Các công thức được đề xuất để xác định hệ số ổn định dựa trên nghiên cứu tham số và xử lý xác suất thống kê. Độ tin cậy của các công thức đề xuất được đảm bảo với hệ số biến thiên thấp và hệ số xác định cao.
Ảnh hưởng của phế thải gốm sứ nghiền mịn đến các tính chất của chất kết dính xi măng
Authors: Kiên Tống Tôn , Anh Nguyễn Hoàng Minh , Tráng Đào Trọng , Lanh Phạm Thị Vinh
Published: November 2024

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá khả năng sử dụng bột gốm sứ được nghiền mịn từ phế thải gốm sứ và thiết bị vệ sinh trong sản xuất xi măng. Các quy luật ảnh hưởng của hàm lượng 10, 20, và 30% bột gốm sứ đến các tính chất của chất kết dính (CKD) xi măng hỗn hợp đã được phân tích. Mặc dù bột gốm sứ có hình dạng không đều và các cạnh sắc, nhưng bề mặt thủy tinh, độ rỗng xốp thấp và khá trơ về hóa học nên bột gốm sứ làm tăng nhẹ 3,2 - 4,8% lượng nước tiêu chuẩn, giảm 11,4 - 27,7% độ nhớt và kéo dài thời gian đông kết của hồ CKD. Kết quảnghiên cứu cho thấy bột gốm sứ hoàn toàn có thể sử dụng làm phụ gia khoáng hoạt tính cho xi măng do chỉ số hoạt tính cường độ ở tuổi 7 và 28 ngày đều đạt lớn hơn 75% theo TCVN 6882:2016. Độ hút nước của mẫu vữa tiêu chuẩn tăng 40,4-53,2% khi sử dụng bột gốm sứ thay thế xi măng từ 10-30%. Còn độ hút nước mao quản sau 24 giờ tăng 10,8% ở tỷ lệ thay thế 10%; nhưng lại giảm 10,8-16,9% khi tỷ lệ thay thế 20-30%. Điều này chứng tỏ, tùy thuộc vào hàm lượng thay thế, BGS có thể hạn chế hình thành lỗ rỗng mao quản và giảm kích thước lỗ rỗng nhờ vào hiệu ứng lấp đầy và các sản phẩm phản ứng puzơlan.
Phân tích sự ảnh hưởng của các thông số ống thoát nhiệt đến trường nhiệt độ và trường chỉ số nứt của kết cấu bê tông khối lớn trong giai đoạn nhiệt thủy hóa
Authors: Minh Lê Văn , Mạnh Lê Đình
Published: November 2024

Nhiệt thủy hóa của xi măng trong các kết cấu bê tông khối lớn là nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến sự chênh lệch nhiệt độ giữa bề mặt và tâm bê tông trong giai đoạn đầu đóng rắn. Hệ thống ống thoát nhiệt đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc kiểm soát tình trạng nứt do nhiệt. Các ống này giúp giảm bớt nhiệt bên trong khối bê tông, từ đó làm giảm chênh lệch nhiệt độ và ứng suất nhiệt, hạn chế vết nứt. Trong nghiên cứu này, nhóm tác giả nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của các thông số ống thoát nhiệt như đường kính, tốc độ, và nhiệt độ nước làm mát cùng với chất liệu ống đối với trường chỉ số nứt và trường nhiệt độ trong kết cấu dầm chuyển bê tông cốt thép khối lớn. Nhóm tác giả sử dụng phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn dưới sự hỗ trợ của phần mềm Midas Civil 2022 để phân tích các trường hợp ảnh hưởng, từ đó đưa ra những kết luận về việc lựa chọn các thông số ống thoát nhiệt phù hợp nhằm kiểm soát đỉnh nhiệt và tình trạng nứt ở các kết cấu bê tông khối lớn.
Lower limb muscle activity during neurointerface control: neurointerface based on motor imagery of walking
Authors: Bobrova E. V. , Reshetnikova V. V. , Grishin A. A. , Vershinina E. A. , Bogacheva I. N. , Chsherbakova N. A. , Isaev M. R. , Bobrov P. D. , Gerasimenko Y. P.
Published: November 2024

The question of the activity of muscles that provide the realization of imaginary movement is essential in the rehabilitation of motor disorders using neurointerfaces. The literature data on this issue are contradictory. The paper analyzes the EMG activity of the shin and thigh muscles of 40 healthy volunteers when working with a neurointerface based on kinesthetic motor imagery of walking in place and supplemented with the «Biokin» robotic limb movement device (mechanotherapy), activated in case of successful motor imagery. It is shown that working with a neurointerface, on average for subjects, leads to an increase in muscle activity when motor imagery of walking compared to rest, and activation of the mechanical training device (AM) further increases muscle activity, with its effect being more pronounced in the muscles of the leg from which motor imagery of walking begins. The nature of muscle reactions to the task of motor imagery of walking is individual. AM when working with a neurointerface, the number of subjects with pronounced EMG activity increases, as does the number of significant correlations between the activity of the muscles of the lower limbs. Thus, the use of neurointerfaces based on motor imagery of walking and the addition of AM as feedback allows activating the muscles of the lower extremities, which is important in clinical practice in the rehabilitation of movements.
The influence of enriched environment on learning and memory in the Morris water maze in rats with acute and chronic pro-inflammatory stress
Authors: Zaichenko M. I. , Sidorina V. V. , Grigoryan G. A.
Published: November 2024

It is known that housing in an enriched environment (EE) prevents the development of anxiety-depressive disorders and cognitive impairment caused by various stresses. In a very limited number of studies on learning and memory in the Morris water maze, pro-inflammatory stress was elicited before the exposure of animals in the EE. In this study, we, for the first time, examined the inverse sequence of interaction between EE and stress; in the first place was the action of the EE, while on the second place – the influence of stress. 40 rats aged 25 to 45 days were placed in the EE and 40 other rats were kept under standard conditions. Pro-inflammatory stress in rats of both groups was induced by injection of a bacterial toxin, lipopolysaccharide LPS, once (acute stress, 350 μg/kg) and repeatedly (chronic, 200 μg/kg) 1 hour before the start of behavioral experiments and during their performance. Control animals were injected with saline at the same volume. Rats of the EE group found the platform faster and swam a shorter distance to it than rats of the standard group. Improvements in behavioral parameters were observed in animals with acute and chronic LPS stress, and in control rats. It should also be noted that the dynamics of learning and the features of the long-term and working memory in rats with acute and chronic LPS were similar, which points to a similar effect of EE on functional changes in the brain activity of rats, regardless of the nature of the subsequent stress. The results obtained indicate the important role of EE in beneficially influencing the behavior of rats when searching for a safe platform.
Effect of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Intensification on biosynthesis of Adipic Acid Through the Inverted Fatty Acid β-oxidation by Escherichia coli Strains
Authors: Gulevich A. Yu. , Skorokhodova A. Yu. , Debabov V. G.
Published: November 2024

Using previously engineered adipate-secreting Escherichia MG1655 lacIQ, ∆ackA-pta, ∆poxB, ∆ldhA, ∆adhE, PL-SDφ10-atoB, Ptrc-ideal-4-SDφ10-fadB, ∆fadE, PL-SDφ10-tesB, ∆yciA, Ptrc-ideal-4-SDφ10-fabI, PL-SDφ10-paaJ, ∆aceBAK, ∆glcB as a core strain, the derivatives capable of enhanced synthesis of the target compound from glucose via the reversed fatty acid β-oxidation pathway were obtained. The respective effect was achieved due to the intensification of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the cells. Prevention of multiple cycle turnovers, resulting from the inactivation of succinate dehydrogenase, had no pronounced effect on the formation of adipic acid by the recombinant. Upon the cycle intensification due to enhancing anaplerotic oxaloacetic acetic acid formation from phosphoenolpyruvate, resulting from the increased expression of the native ppc gene, the synthesis of adipic acid rose 1.2-fold to ~390 μM. Enabling the formation of oxaloacetate from pyruvic acid, by introducing in the cells of heterologous Bacillus subtilis pyruvate carboxylase, resulted in a 1.5-fold intensification of the cycle, concomitantly with the proportional increase in adipic acid secretion to ~496 μM. Subsequent inactivation of sdhAB genes in the strain increased the secretion of the target compound only slightly and adipic acid titer reached ~520 μM. The obtained data indicated a direct dependence of the efficiency of adipic acid synthesis by the engineered strains on the degree of intensification of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Enzymatic conversion of wood materials from the pulp and paper industry
Authors: Aksenov A. S. , Sinelnikov I. G. , Shevchenko A. R. , Mayorova K. A. , Chukhchin D. G. , Osipov D. О. , Semenova M. V. , Sinitsyna O. A. , Rozhkova A. M. , Novozhilov E. V. , Sinitsyn A. P.
Published: November 2024

The reactivity during enzymatic hydrolysis of 8 industrially produced samples of pulps and semi-chemical pulps by enzyme preparations of glycosyl hydrolases B151 and F10 produced by a strain of ascomycete fungus Penicillium verruculosum has been determined. It is shown for the first time that among fibrous pulps available on the market of pulp and paper industry in Russia, the highest level of yield of glucose from the initial wood during biocatalysis using cellulases and hemicellulases is characteristic of semi-chemical pulps obtained after cooking of hardwood with green liquor. A high degree of enzymatic conversion of softwood bleached kraft pulp has been established, which in combination with the possibility of obtaining modified polysaccharide materials from non-hydrolysable residue makes this cellulosic substrate the most promising for the development of biological processes at pulp and paper industries. It is shown that drying of pulp negatively affects the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis, while mechanical milling improves the performance of the enzymatic saccharification process.
Decolorization of crystal violet by mixed culture under the influence of Bioelectrochemical stimulation
Authors: Samkov A. A. , Pankratova E. V. , Kruglova M. N. , Bespalov A. V. , Samkova S. M. , Volchenko N. N. , Khudokormov A. A.
Published: November 2024

A significant variation in the relative representation of copies of bacterial genes of dye-decolorizing DyP peroxidases typical for the genus Shewanella and a number of other microorganisms was found in the bottom sediments of freshwater reservoirs. It was found that the specific rate of decolorization of crystal violet in a laboratory bioelectrochemical system by a mixed culture of bottom sediments, which showed the highest representation of DyP genes, depended on the method of electrical stimulation of the external circuit and the concentration of the dye. After an increase in the concentration of more than 20 microns, the maximum speed was achieved in the presence of an ionistor polarly connected to the external electrical circuit of the bioelectrochemical system and amounted to 3.23 ± 0.11 μM/h, while with the opposite polarity connection, a minimum value of 2.07 ± 0.08 μM/h was observed. In the case of an open circuit and a resistor, similar indicators occurred – 2.88 ± 0.09 and 2.67 ± 0.12 μM/h, respectively. When analyzing the decolorization products, a consistent decrease in the maxima of the absorption bands of the dye was noted, indicating its more complete degradation by mixed culture. The results may be of interest for the development of methods to improve the efficiency of bioelectrochemical methods of environmental biotechnology, by electrostimulation of the external circuit.
Inion Sulfocation Membranes Plasticized with Propylene Carbonate
Authors: Kayumov R. R. , Lochina A. A. , Lapshin A. N. , Bakirov A. V. , Shmygleva L. V.
Published: November 2024

The rapidly developing field of portable energy sources requires the search and development of effective materials for such devices. To improve the safety of the most common metal-ion batteries (lithium- and sodium-ion), instead of a liquid electrolyte, it is proposed to use a gel-polymer electrolyte with unipolar conductivity based on a Nafion-like electrolyte (Inion), plasticized with aprotic solvents. The work presents the results of a study of the thermal stability, molecular structure and supramolecular packing, as well as ionic conductivity of the Inion membrane in lithium and sodium forms, plasticized with propylene carbonate, using methods of simultaneous thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering and impedance spectroscopy.
Formation and investigation of properties of composite gel-polymer electrolytes based on Nafion@ZrO2 membrane in Li+ form
Authors: Voropaeva D. Yu. , Pyataeva Ya. A. , Yaroslavtsev A. B.
Published: November 2024

The use of cation-exchange membranes as polymer electrolytes in lithium metal batteries can inhibit dendrite formation during battery operation. Solvation of the membranes leads to an increase in ionic conductivity, but the mechanical properties, which also affect dendrite growth, are significantly degraded. In the present work, the mechanical strength and volumetric stability of Nafion®-117 membranes in Li+⁺ form solvated by a mixture of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate were improved by introducing nanosized zirconium dioxide particles into the membrane matrix by in situ method. It is shown that the introduction of 3.8 wt.% ZrO₂ leads to a ~28-fold increase in Young’s modulus compared to the unmodified membrane. At the same time, the volumetric stability of the membranes during solvation increases by ~3.4 times. However, the ionic conductivity of the membranes decreases after the introduction of dopant and is 3∙10–⁴, 5∙10–⁶ and 2.7∙10–⁶ S/cm at 25°C for the membrane without dopant and containing 3.8 wt.% and 6.7 wt.% zirconium dioxide, respectively.
Removal of Acid Gases from Methane-Containing Gas Mixtures by Membrane-Assisted Gas Absorption. Hollow-Fibre Module Configuration with Absorption System Based on Dimethyldiethanolammonium Glycinate
Authors: Atlaskina M. E. , Atlaskin A. A. , Petukhov A. N. , Smorodin K. A. , Kryuchkov S. S. , Vorotyntsev I. V.
Published: November 2024

The present study is focused on continuing the development, improvement and optimisation of a new hybrid separation method – membrane-assisted gas absorption, which is designed for processing methane-containing gas mixtures, namely for the removal of acid gases. The second part is devoted to the design of absorbent solutions and their application in the proposed technology in order to improve the efficiency of acid gas removal and reduce hydrocarbon losses. Absorbents of acid gases based on aqueous solutions of methyldiethanolamine containing ionic liquid [M2E2A][Gly] have been proposed and investigated. As a result of the study, the optimal absorbent composition for further separation tests in a membrane-assisted gas absorption unit was determined. The efficiency of the process was investigated on the example of 8-component gas mixture containing methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and xenon. The membrane-assisted gas absorption unit demonstrated high efficiency of acid gas removal and high hydrocarbon recovery. The final efficiency of the investigated system with the new absorbent was up to 99 % for acid gas removal with hydrocarbon losses of up to 1 % at maximum capacity.