bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematika Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 48 Tahun 2014 Pada Aspek Biaya Pernikahan di KUA Kecamatan Jatiasih Kota Bekasi
Authors: Damhuri Nur Alwan , - Suprihatin
Published: October 2021

In Indonesia, the registration of marriages for Muslims is carried out by the Office of ReligiousAffairs (KUA). The Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) is an institution at the Ministry of Religion atthe sub-district level that provides services to Muslims in matters of marriage and fostering Muslimfamilies to become sakinah families. Marriage registration is carried out by a marriage registraremployee / guardian of a marriage registrar (penghulu).Government Regulation Number 48 of 2014concerning tariffs on types of non-tax state revenue that apply to the Ministry of Religion whichregulates the rates when carrying out a marriage outside the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) oroutside working hours at a rate of Rp.600,000.00 and executing it inside KUA at a rate of Rp. 0.00 orfree. The implementation of Government Regulation Number 48 of 2014 has been ineffective, due tothe lack of public interest in carrying out marriages in the KUA even though it has been free. However,the payment for the marriage registration of the KUA Kecmatan Jatiasih has been effective, this isevident when the author conducted an interview with the KUA and the community that it is true thatwhen carrying out a marriage within the KUA there is no charge and when carrying out a marriageoutside the KUA or outside working hours a rate is imposed. Rp. 600,000.00 paid at the bank.Primarydata sources were obtained from interviews and secondary data sources were obtained from books,journals and others. The type of research used in this research is the type of field research (SocioLegal Research). The research approach conducted by the author uses descriptive qualitative. Datacollection is done by the author to get and understand the picture and the existing reality, the writeruses data collection techniques by interview, observation and documents. From the data that has beencollected, then the writer analyzes using descriptive method. With the enactment of PP Number 48of 2014, it received a positive response from the upstream government because prior to the issuanceof Government Regulation Number 48 of 2014 there were many accusations of gratification thatwere shown to the head of the KUA Jatiasih District, but after the issuance of the PP there were noaccusations of gratification. However, there is still a lack of public interest in carrying out marriageswithin the KUA even though it has been made free, due to the customs of the Jatiasih Subdistrict peoplewho usually carry out marriages outside the KUA. Whether in the mosque, meeting hall or the houseof the bride and groom.
Analisis Mitigasi Risiko Pada Pembiayaan Mudharabah di PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri
Authors: Huda Sofiyyatul , Isnandar Fajri Ryan
Published: October 2021

Mudharabah financing is a form of cooperation between two or more parties, in which the ownerof the capital (shahibul maal) entrusts a certain amount of capital to the manager (mudharib) to bemanaged with a profit-sharing agreement (profit sharing). This study aims to determine what risksarise in mudharabah financing and how risk mitigation is carried out by Bank Syariah Mandiri. Thisresearch is research using descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through observation,interviews with the FGD (Focus Group Discussion) method with 4 (four) sources and documentation.The method of data analysis was done by using the descriptive analysis method.. The results show thatthe risks that arise in mudharabah financing at Bank Syariah Mandiri are: First, the risk of financingcaused by the customer not being able to pay their obligations to the bank, and second, the legalrisk caused by the weakness of the agreement (agreement). As for the mitigation carried out by BankSyariah Mandiri in dealing with risks that arise in mudharabah financing, namely: First, by rigorouslyconducting 5C and 6A analysis. Second, by taking steps to save financing, including (1) intensivecollection, (2) giving warnings, (3) rescheduling, (4) reconditioning, (5) restructuring, (6) settlementthrough guarantee insurance, (7) Settlement through guarantees, (8) Settlement through Write Off,(9) Settlement through stipulation of fines / ta’wid. From risk mitigation carried out by Bank SyariahMandiri, it has been able to minimize the risks that occur in mudharabah financing.
Analisis Penerapan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Pada Bank Umum Syariah
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri Endah , - Isfandayani
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the analysis of the implementation of good corporate governance(GCG) in Islamic Commercial Banks, which is represented by Bank Syariah Mandiri and BankMuamalat Indonesia. This research method is included in qualitative research with a library researchapproach, namely a series of studies relating to library data collection methods. The results showedthat the implementation of GCG in BUS as represented by Bank Syariah Mandiri and Bank MuamalatIndonesia has implemented the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) in accordance withthe prevailing laws and regulations, namely Bank Indonesia Regulation Number. 11/33 / PBI / 2009dated 7 December 2009 and Circular Letter (SE) of Bank Indonesia No. 12/13 / DPbS dated 30April 2010 concerning the Implementation of Good Corporate Governance for Sharia CommercialBanks (BUS) and Sharia Business Units (UUS), especially Article 62 and Article 63 concerning theobligations of Banks to submit GCG Implementation Reports to Bank Indonesia (BI) and stakeholders.other interests.
Implementasi Buy Back Guarantee Dalam Perjanjian Kerjasama Antara Bank Dengan Supplier Terkait Penyaluran Pembiayaan Mesin (Studi Pada PT. BPRS XXX Bekasi)
Authors: - Adham
Published: October 2021

The buy back guarantee agreement in the cooperation agreement aims to protect the bank frombusiness risks in the distribution of machine ownership financing. Buy back guarantee is defined asthe ability of the supplier as a guarantor against the bank, to "buy back" the machine object afterthe debtor is declared in default to the bank. Based on the description, the writer tries to examine theimplementation of the buy back guarantee agreement related to the distribution of machine financing,and legal remedies for the bank applying the contents of the buy back guarantee if there is default onthe debtor. The research method used in this research is normative juridical with analytical descriptivespecifications.The research was carried out through literature study, then looked at the relationshipbetween one law and another and carried out an analysis related to the application of its practice.After getting a description of the research results, the writer analyzes and draws conclusions fromthe research results obtained. Primary data collection is also carried out to support secondary data,which is obtained by documentation and bank interviews related to the machine ownership agreement.The results of the study concluded that the implementation of the buy back guarantee was carriedout in several stages, namely the stage of the debtor's statement of default, the negotiation stage,and the stage of the agreement, the application of the buy back guarantee. Apart from that, the buyback guarantee that applies to PT. BPRS XXX Bekasi, there are two types of definitions: "buy backguarantee" and "help resell" by the supplier. Legal action has never been taken by the bank whenthere is default from the debtor. The bank is more concerned about the good ethics of the supplier tobuy / help sell the machine goods. The suggestions that the writer can give include, banks must applyprudential banking principles more selectively, suppliers do not only pursue sales targets but payattention to the side of the bank so that cooperation remains well established. n addition, research isneeded regarding the perspectives of the bank, supplier and debtor in addressing the problems thatexist in buy back guarantee in more depth and breadth.
Kedudukan Transgender Dalam Sistem Kewarisan Islam dan Adat
Authors: Ash Shabah Musyaffa Amin
Published: October 2021

This study analyzes the position of transgender people in the distribution of inheritance from theperspective of Islamic law and customary law. This research is library research using the juridicalnormativeapproach and descriptive analysis data. The results of the study explain that there arethree elements of Islamic inheritance law, namely the heir, the heir, and the inheritance. The portionof the heirs has been determined in the Koran. The gender of the heir determines the amount of theshare of the inheritance to be received. In Islamic law, the position of inheritance for people who aretransgender is seen from their first gender at birth, and not determined after being transgender. Thisis because Islam forbids sex reassignment surgery because it has changed God’s creation. whereas inBalinese Customary Law, transgender actors are never recognized for their new status, before theyperform a religious ceremony. If this religious customary ceremony has been carried out and approvedby the traditional village leaders, then the applicant’s status is legal and customary.
Morphology and molecular phylogeny of representatives of the genus Coelastrella Chodat from the Urals and Khentei mountain systems
Authors: Novakovskaya Irina V. , Egorova Irina N. , Kulakova Nina V. , Patova Elena N.
Published: October 2021

Five strains of the genus Coelastrella were studied from the collections of live cultures of algae of the Institute of Biology, Syktyvkar, Russia (SYKOA Ch-045-09, SYKOA Ch-047-11, SYKOA Ch-072-17) and the Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Irkutsk, Russia (IRK-A 2, IRK-A 173). It was found that, despite their high morphological similarity, the strains have different phylogenetic relationships. The analysis of the 18S rDNA and ITS1-ITS2 showed that the studied strains belong to the species: C. terrestris (IRK-A 173), C. oocystiformis (SYKOA Ch-045-09; IRK-A 2) and C. aeroterrestrica (SYKOA Ch-047-11). The SYKOA Ch-072-17 strain is probably a new species for the genus. The results confirm the high phenotypic variability and hidden diversity among the representatives of this group of green algae.
Measuring Lifebuoy Ad Exposure in Building Awareness of KlikDokter Application Users during Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Agung Halim , Marta Rustono Farady , Virshella Vina
Published: October 2021

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is a disease outbreak that makes almost all humans unable to travel freely, especially in Indonesia. Lifebouy and KlikDokter as one of the health products that have strong relevance related to preventive measures for the spread of this virus in Indonesia are the focus of researchers. This study aims to analyze exposure to lifebouy advertisements in building brand awareness of KlikDokter application users during the current pandemic. Data analysis used IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and involved 107 samples using the positivism paradigm, quantitative approach, survey methods, and data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. The results of this research shows that the significance value is less than 0.05 which indicates that optimizing advertising exposure on various digital channels is a top priority in an effort to encourage user awareness in the use of a health service application.Keywords: advertising exposure; brand awareness; COVID-19; KlikDokter; Lifebuoy, survey.Abstrak Pandemi COVID-19 merupakan wabah penyakit yang membuat hampir seluruh manusia tidak dapat bebas berpergian terutama di Indonesia. Lifebouy dan KlikDokter sebagai salah satu produk kesehatan yang memiliki relevansi kuat terkait upaya preventif penyebaran virus di Indonesia menjadi fokus peneliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis terpaan Iklan Lifebouy dalam membangun kesadaran merek pengguna aplikasi KlikDokter di masa pandemi saat ini. Analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 26 dan melibatkan 107 sampel dengan menggunakan paradigma positivisme, pendekatan kuantitatif, metode survei, dan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuisioner. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0.05 yang menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi terpaan iklan di berbagai saluran digital menjadi prioritas utama dalam upaya mendorong kesadaran pengguna dalam penggunaan suatu aplikasi layanan kesehatan.Kata Kunci: COVID-19; terpaan iklan; kesadaran merek; KlikDokter; Lifebouy; survei.
KURBAN ÖZNENİN BİREYE DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: NİHAN KAYA’NIN GİZLİ ÖZNE ADLI ROMANINDA KENDİNİ DOĞURMAK
Authors: SAVAŞ Özden
Published: October 2021

Nihan Kaya, 2003 yılından itibaren roman, öykü, inceleme ve çocuk edebiyatı türlerinde eserler kaleme alan yazan bir yazardır. Özellikle çocuk dünyasına yönelik yaptığı çalışmalarla ön plana çıkan Kaya, gerek dijital ortamdaki söyleşileri ve yazılarıyla gerekse kitaplarıyla sık sık bu konuya değinmektedir. Boğaziçi Üniversitesinde İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü’nü bitirdikten sonra İngiltere’de psikanalitik üzerine yüksek lisans ve doktora yapan yazarın, edindiği bilgileri çalışmalarına olduğu kadar romanlarına da aktardığı görülmektedir. Çatı Katı ile Türkiye Yazarlar Birliği ödülünü alan Kaya’nın ilk kitabı olan Gizli Özne romanı ise Bihter ve Revnâ’nın çocukluklarını kapsayan bir sürece yer vermektedir. Her iki roman kişisinin de güzel bir çocukluk geçirdiği söylenemez. Revnâ henüz çocukken travmatik bir olay yaşamıştır. Bihter ise sürekli akran zorbalığına maruz kalan, evde birey olarak var olamayan/kabul edilmeyen, üstelik tüm çevresinde kurban olarak yer aldığı bir çocukluk geçirmiştir. Çalışmamız, bu kurban olma durumunu günah keçisi olmakla özdeşleştirmektedir. Bu nedenle roman ele alınırken Günah Keçisi Kuramı (Scapegoat Theory)’ndan faydalanacaktır. Sosyal psikoloji yaklaşım yöntemi ile incelenecek roman, Revnâ’yı da içine almakla birlikte özellikle Bihter’in kurban olmaktan birey olmaya evrilen dönüşümü açısından değerlendirilecektir. Bu durumu, simgesel bir “kendini doğurmak” edimi ile bağdaştıran çalışmamız; bir insanın çocukluktan itibaren en çok zamanını geçirdiği aile, okul gibi çevrelerde maruz kaldığı fiziksel ve psikolojik şiddetten kurtulma ve çoğu zaman pasif de olsa verdiği “kendi olma” mücadelesini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bihter için kendini doğurmak; ilk olarak sosyal çevresinde bir günah keçisi olmaktan kurtulmak ve kendini olduğu gibi kabullenmek, aynı zamanda çevresine kabul ettirmeyi iste(yebil)mek ile gerçekleşmektedir. Bu, roman boyunca Bihter’in arzuladığı tek şeydir.
DEDE KORKUT DESTANLARI VE JAPON MASALLARINDA GEÇEN BAZI MOTİFLERE DAİR
Authors: AVCI Yusuf , ÇELİK Gamze , TAKAHASHI Minako
Published: October 2021

Japon ve Türk kültürünü buluşturan ortak noktalar bulunmaktadır. Aynı dil ailesine sahip olan bu iki toplumun anlatılarının incelenmesi, bu iki toplumun birbirini daha yakından tanımasını sağlayabilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türk anlatıları ve Japon anlatılarını inceleyerek kültürel yönden benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç için belirlenen alt amaçlar ise; her iki toplumun anlatılarındaki çocuk sahibi olma ve statü motifi, inanç motifi, musiki motifi ve ad alma motifinin nasıl işlendiğini belirlemektir. Bu araştırmayı gerçekleştirmek için, Japon Masalları Propp’un “masalları inceleme kuramı”na göre incelenmiştir. Dede Korkut Anlatıları incelenirken ise doküman analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca karşılaştırmalı edebiyat analizine göre de bu anlatılar incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; her iki toplumun anlatılarında da çocuk sahibi olma statü göstergesidir. Kahramanlar zorluklarla karşılaştıklarında inançlarına sığınmaktadır. Japonların “koto” ve “samisen” gibi kültürel müzik aletleri anlatılarda yer alırken, Dede Korkut anlatılarında “kopuz” ön plandadır. Her iki toplumda da ad alma önem taşımaktadır. Dede Korkut anlatıları ve Japon anlatıları karşılaştırıldığında, iki toplum benzer özelliklere sahiptir. Çocuk sahibi olmaya verilen önem, inanç, musiki, ad alma motifleri incelendiğinde ortak noktalar vardır. Bundan sonraki yapılacak olan çalışmalarda, bu iki toplumun edebiyatının başka yönlerden karşılaştırılması ile ilgili çalışmalar devam edebilir. Böylece birbirinden farklı ama ortak noktaları olan iki toplum olarak birbirimizi daha yakından tanıma şansı yakalayabiliriz.
16.YÜZYILDAN 20.YÜZYILA ÇORUM EŞENÇAY KÖYÜ TARİHİ (NÜFUS, YERLEŞİM, VERGİ)
Authors: DIVRAK Uysal
Published: October 2021

Tarihte Anadolu’nun değişik yerlerinde aynı aidiyete mensup topluluklar bir araya gelerek yerleşim birimleri oluşturmuşlardır. Çorum’da kır yerleşmesi olarak görülen ve günümüzde üç parçaya ayrılan Eşençay Köyü’nün tarihi gelişimi, nüfusu ve geçmişte ödediği vergiler inceleme konusu yapıldı. Köyün bu üç bölümünün son nüfus sayımlarında toplam 576 kişiden oluştuğu görülmektedir. Köyün ekonomik ve sosyal durumu tahlil edilerek geçimlerini nasıl sağladıkları ortaya konuldu. Ayrıca kadı mahkemesine, köy halkının ne tür sıklıkla ve hangi şikâyetlerle gittikleri ortaya çıkarıldı. İlk olarak 1570 yıllarında köyün ismi ile ilgili kayıtlara tesadüf edildi. Bilindiği üzere Osmanlı Devleti, vergi almak ve gelir mülklerini tespit etmek için tahrirler ve sayımlar yapmıştır. Eşençay Köyü’de bu sayımlara tabi oldu. Köy’de üretilen tarımsal ürünlerin neler olduğu görüldü. Geçmişten günümüze köyün nüfus durumu da ortaya konuldu. Özellikle Osmanlı Arşivi belgelerinden faydalanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada köyün tarihi ile alakalı tahrir, nüfus, temettuat ve şeriyye sicil defterlerinden istifade edildi. Çalışmanın, yerel tarih çalışması yapacaklara katkı sunması, özelde ise Eşençay Köyü kütüğüne kayıtlı olanların köylerinin geçmişini öğrenebilmelerini hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca, Osmanlı belgelerinden köyün tarihsel gelişimi, sosyo-ekonomik durumu ve çevre köyler ile farklılıkları ortaya çıkarıldı.
ТРИ СМЕРТИ У Л. Н. ТОЛСТОГО: “СМЕРТЬ ИВАНА ИЛЬИЧА”, “ТРИ СМЕРТИ”, “ХОЗЯИН И РАБОТНИК”
Authors: ALPAY Orçun
Published: October 2021

Лев Николаевич Толстой - один из крупнейших русских писателей реалистов XIX века. Для него, подробно передающего в своих произведениях жизнь, общество и людей, смерть, была единственной истиной, которая является самым явным и реалистичным чувствомдуховного мира, и придающая смысл самой жизни. Лев Николаевич довольно рано сталкивается с этим чувством боли и страха.Впервые он столкнулся со смертью в два года, когда потерял мать.Впоследствиипотеря отца и других членов своей семьи, сыграла важную роль в жизни и творчестве автора; факт смерти выдвинулся на первый план. Автор описывает смерть наиболее живо в рассказах, Смерть Ивана Ильича, Три смерти, Хозяин и работник. Другими словами, он посвящает эти рассказы самой смерти. В истории Смерть Ивана Ильича, смерть изображена более правдоподобно и трогательно, чем когда-либо прежде. Этот рассказ повествует о человеке, попавший в суету жизни, и который сталкивается со смертью; в Трех смертяхо разных восприятийлюдей потерявших смысл жизни; а в Хозяине и работникео силе смерти, которая объединяет людей. Лев Николаевич, с детства задавался вопросом о смысле жизни, а в последние годы своей жизни задумывался о парадоксе жизни и смерти. Он видел спасение в смерти перед бессмысленностью жизни в определенные моменты.В этом исследовании будет обсуждаться страх большинства, смерти,в рамках жизненной истории Л. Н.Толстого и вышеупомянутых историй.
BİR OSMANLI BÜROKRATI: MEHMED ESAD SAFVET PAŞA (1815-1883)
Authors: AYKURT Çetin
Published: October 2021

Mehmed Esad Safvet Paşa, XIX. yüzyıl Osmanlı tarihinin önemli şahsiyetlerindendir. Ticaret, Maârif, Adliye, Nafia ve Hariciye Nâzırlığı yapmıştır. Paris sefirliği görevinde bulunması Batıyı daha iyi tanımasına vesile olmuştur. İdareciliği sırasında taltiflerinin yanında azilleri de olmuştur. Kendisine tevdi edilen her görevi ciddiyet ve dürüstlük içinde yapmıştır.
Safvet Paşa’nın, Bâbıâli’ye farklı lisanlarda gelen yazıların tercüme edildiği Tercüme Odası’nda yetişmesi kendisinin diplomat vasfı kazanmasına büyük katkı sağlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti, Safvet Paşa’nın diplomatik vasfından istifade ederek, Balkanlar’da çıkan ayaklanmalarda, Tersane Konferansı’nda ve Ayastefanos antlaşmasında görevlendirmiştir. Kıbrıs’ın İngilizler’e terki, Safvet Paşa’nın hiç arzulamamasına rağmen sadâreti döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. İçerdeki toplumsal huzursuzluk ve dışarıdan yapılan baskılar neticesinde Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin hazırlanması bir zaruret haline gelmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin bu konuda görevlendirdiği kişilerden birisi olan Safvet Paşa, hazırladığı 130 maddelik taslak metin ile Kânûn-ı Esâsî’nin hazırlanmasına katkıda bulunmuştur.
Safvet Paşa’nın Maârif Nâzırlığı, birçok yeniliklerin yapıldığı bir dönem olmuştur. Maârif Nâzırlığı sırasında hazırlanan Maârif-i Umûmiyye Nizamnâmesi, Osmanlı eğitim sistemine batılı anlamda eğitim kurumlarının kurulmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Safvet Paşa, eğitim konusunu bir devlet sorunu olarak değerlendirmiş ve bu doğrultuda çalışmalar yaparak Osmanlı eğitim sistemine ivme kazandırmaya çalışmıştır.
Safvet Paşa’nın Osmanlı Devleti’ne katkıda bulunduğu bir alan da müzeciliktir. Eski eserlerin korunması ve saklanması konusunda büyük bir hassasiyet göstermiştir. Valiliklere gönderdiği talimat ile devlet içindeki eski eserlerin belirlenmesini istemiştir. Bu uygulaması Osmanlı müzeciliğinin gelişmesi için önemli bir adım olmuştur.
STUDI PERBEDAAN PERSIAPAN BAHAN BAKU SURIMI TERHADAP KUALITAS SENSORIK DAN KIMIA SOSIS IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos Forsskal)
Authors: Endang Wa , Patadjai Andi Besse , Isamu Kobajashi Togo
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh persiapan bahan baku surimi yang berbeda pada kualitas sensoris dan kimia sosis ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos Forsskal). Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga metode persiapan bahan baku yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku sosis ikan yaitu 100% surimi sebagai perlakuan S1; 50% surimi : 50% daging ikan cincang sebagai perlakuan S2; dan 100% daging ikan cincang sebagai perlakuan S3. Kualitas bahan baku ditentukan dengan uji lipat dan uji gigit, sedangkan untuk sosis ikan dilakukan analisis sensorik dan analisis proksimat. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa perlakuan 100% surimi (S1) diperoleh hasil uji sensorik aroma 5,4, odor 6,7, warna 5,25, berongga 4,9, shiness 5,4, kekenyalan 5,5, hardness 2,4, Juiceness 5,6, umami 6. Hasil analisis kimia dari perlakuan (S3)  berdasarkan berat kering diperoleh hasil kadar air, abu, lemak, protein berturut-turut yakni 58,96, 6,22%, 19,12%, 48,6%.Kata Kunci  : Bahan baku, Surimi, Sensorik, Sosis
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DAGING GURITA (Octopus cyanea) TERHADAP NILAI ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KANDUNGAN PROKSIMAT STIK GURITA
Authors: Yani Yani , Ibrahim Moh Nuh , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan daging gurita terhadap nilai organoleptik, proksimat stik gurita. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan yaitu P1 (Daging gurita 35%), P2 (Daging gurita 45%), P3 (Daging gurita 55%). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 95%, apabila terdapat beda nyata (p>0,05) maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji DMRT (Duncam Multiple Range Test) pada taraf nyata 95%. Kandungan protein dan lemak diuji menggunakan metode AOAC dan kandungan karbohidrat di uji menggunakan metode nelson-smogiy. Hasil uji kandungan kadar lemak dan karbohidrat tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P1 dengan nilai 34,27% dan 7,81% dan Kandungan protein tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 dengan nilai 32,04%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan lemak dan karbohidrat serta tidak terdapat pengaruh nyata pada kandungan air dan protein pada stik gurita. Kata kunci: Daging gurita (Octopus cyanea), stik gurita, kandungan proksimat, uji organoleptik  AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect Octopus cyanea addition on organoleptic values and proximate content of octopus sticks. This research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments P1 (35% octopus meat), P2 (45% octopus meat), P3 (55% octopus meat). Observation data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at the level 95%, if there were significant differences (p>0,05) then further testing was carried out with DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) at 95%. The content of protein and fat was tested by the AOAC method and the carbohydrate content was tested by the nelson-smogiy method. The highest test results for the content of  fat and carbohydrate were found in treatment P1 with a value of 34.27% and 7.81% and the highest protein content found in treatment P3 with a value of 32.04%. The results of this study indicated that there is a real effect on the content of fat and carbohydrates and there is no significant effect on the water content and protein of octopus sticks. Key words: Octopus cyanea, octopus stick, proximate content, organoleptic value
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN KOSENTRASI GLUKOSA DAN SUKROSA TERHADAP KUALITAS SENSORI DAN KIMIA PERMEN JELLY RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii)
Authors: Jaldin Arifi , Haslianti Haslianti , Asyik Nur
Published: October 2021

The Effect of Comparison of Glucose and Sucrose Concentration on the Sensory and Chemical Quality of Jelly Candy (Eucheuma cottonii) ABSTRACT          The aims of this study were to determine the effect of different concentrations of glucose and sucrose on the sensory and chemical quality of seaweed jelly candy (Eucehuma cottonii). The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely : P1 (glucose : sucrose  = 45% : 0%), P2 (glucose : sucrose = 0% : 45%, P3 (glucose : sucrose = 30% : 15%), P4 (glucose : sucrose = 15% : 30%) with time three replications. Data from observations were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at a level of 95%, if there is a real difference (P> 0.05) then a further test was performed with a DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) tests at a 95% significance level. The results obtained show a real effect on sensory values which include color, texture, and taste but no significant effect on the scent. The best results for sensory assessment were found in the P4 treatment which has a taste value of 4.5, texture of 4.2, the scent of 4.0, and a taste of 4.2. The results showed the water content between 22.83%-17.01%, ash content of 0.11%-0.18%. and protein content of 3.75%-5.77%. Keywords: chemistry, glucose, jelly candy, seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii), sensory, and sucroseABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan kosentrasi glukosa dan sukrosa terhadap kualitas sensori dan  kimia permen jelly rumput laut (E. cottonii). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu : P1 (glukosa : sukrosa = 45% : 0%), P2 (glukosa : sukrosa = 0% : 45 %), P3 (glukosa : sukrosa = 30%  : 15%), P4 (glukosa : sukrosa = 15% : 30%) dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf  95%, apabila terdapat beda nyata (P>0,05) maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf nyata 95%. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai sensori yang meliputi warna, tekstur, dan rasa namun diperoleh pengaruh tidak nyata pada aroma. Hasil terbaik untuk penilaian sensori terdapat pada perlakuan P4 yaitu memiliki nilai rasa 4,5, tekstur 4,2, aroma 4,0, dan rasa 4,2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air antara 22,83%-17,01%, kadar abu 0,11%-0,18%. dan kadar protein 3,75%-5,77%..Kata kunci: glukosa, kimia, permen jelly, rumput laut (Eucheuma cottonii), sensori, sukrosa
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA TEPUNG SILASE LIMBAH IKAN TUNA (Thunnus sp.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG JAGUNG
Authors: Safitra Safitra , Asnani Asnani , Rejeki Sri
Published: October 2021

Chemical characteristics of Silage Flour from Tuna Fish Waste (Thunnus sp.) with cornflour additionABSTRACT         The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical characteristics and the effect of the addition of cornflour to tuna waste silage flour.  This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments, namely TS1 (5% addition to corn flour), TS2 (10% adding corn flour), TS3 (15% adding corn flour), TS4 (20% adding cornflour)  ) and repeat three times.  Data from observations were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at a level of 95%, if there is a real difference (P> 0.05) then a further test was performed with a DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) tests at a 95% level.  The results showed that the effect of adding cornflour to fish waste silage flour had a significant effect on the chemical content test value.  The results of the chemical test of the silage flour show water content between 10.4% -8.4%, ash content of 24.2% -7.9%, protein content of 47.5% -43.3%, and fat content of 4.6  % -2.1%. Keywords: Silage flour, tuna waste (Thunnus sp.), Cornflour and proximate composition.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia  dan pengaruh penambahan tepung jagung pada tepung silase limbah ikan tuna. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan yaitu perlakuan TS1 (5% penambahan tepung Jagung), TS2 (10% penambahan tepung jagung), TS3   (15% penambahan tepung jagung), TS4 (20% penambahan tepung jagung) dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf  95%, apabila terdapat beda nyata (P>0,05) maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf nyata 95%. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh penambahan tepung jagung pada tepung silase limbah ikan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai uji kandungan kimia. Hasil uji kandungan kimia tepung silase menunjukkan kadar air antara 10,4%-8,4%, kadar abu 24,2%-7,9%, kadar protein 47,5%-43,3%, dan kadar lemak 4,6%-2,1%.Kata kunci: Tepung silase, limbah ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.), tepung jagung serta komposisi proksimat
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN GARAM YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP TINGKAT KESEGARAN IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis)
Authors: Mitra Lia , Haslianti Haslianti , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: October 2021

Effect of Different Additions of Salt on Freshness of Skipjack Fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) ABSTRACT         The aim of this study was to determine organoleptic changes, water content, pH, TPC of skipjack tuna with different handling methods. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 treatment factors, the first treatment factor of adding salt consisting of 2 levels, 10% salt (P0) and 15% salt (P1). The second treatment factor is storage time which consists of 3 levels, H1 (1 day), H2 (2 days), and H3 (3 days). Organoleptic tests include gills, mucus, eyes, texture and aroma. while chemical tests include water content, pH and TPC. The results of the organoleptic test on the best treatment gill parameter P1H1 with a value of 8,16, mucus with a value of 8.16, eyes with a value of 8,12, aroma with a value of 8,04 and the best treatment texture at P0H1 value of 8,04. While the chemical test of water content was in the P1H1 treatment with a value of 71,74%, the lowest treatment in the P0H1 with a value of 71,16%. The highest value of pH parameters in the P1H1 treatment with a value of 5,84%, the lowest treatment at P0H1 with a value of 5,64%. The highest value of TPC parameters in the P0H1 with a value of 4.67 × 105 CFU/g and the lowest value in the P1H1 with a value of 4.29 × 105 CFU/g. Keywords: addition of salt, the freshness of fish, organoleptic test, skipjack fish, TPC.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan organoleptik, kadar air, pH, TPC ikan cakalang dengan metode penanganan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu faktor perlakuan pertama penambahan garam yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu penambahan garam 10% (P0) dan penambahan garam 15 % (P1). Faktor perlakuan kedua adalah waktu penyimpanan yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu H1 (1 hari), H2 (2 hari), dan H3 (3 hari). Uji organoleptik meliputi insang, lendir, mata, tekstur dan aroma. sedangkan uji kimia meliputi kadar air, pH dan TPC. Hasil penelitian uji organoleptik pada pameter insang perlakuan terbaik P1H1 dengan nilai sebesar 8,16, lendir dengan nilai sebesar 8,16, mata dengan nilai sebesar 8,12,aroma dengan nilai sebesar 8,04 dan tekstur dperlakuan terbaik pada P0H1 nilai sebesar 8,04. Uji kimia nilai tertinggi uji kimia yaitu kadar air terdapat pada perlakuan P1H1 dengan nilai sebesar 71,74%, perlakuan terendah pada perlakuan P0H1 dengan nilai sebesar 71,16%. Parameter pH nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan P1H1 dengan nilai sebesar 5,84%, perlakuan terendah pada P0H1 dengan nilai sebesar 5,64%. Parameter TPC nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan P0H1 dengan nilai sebesar 4,67 × 105 CFU/g dan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P1H1 dengan nilai sebesar 4,29 × 105 CFU/g.Kata kunci: Ikan cakalang, kesegaran ikan, penambahan garam, TPC, uji organoleptik.
UJI MUTU DAN KEAMANAN PANGAN SATE POKEA (Batissa violacea var. celebensis, von Martens 1897) YANG DI PASARKAN DI OBJEK WISATA PANTAI TORONIPA KABUPATEN KONAWE SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Arpin Iin Caroline , Isamu Kobajashi Togo , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT         Pokea is endemic animals originating from the Southeast Sulawesi region. Pokea meat processing is generally made into satay. This study aims to determine the chemical content and heavy metal of pokea satay which is sold in the Toronipa Beach Tourism Object, Southeast Sulawesi. The research method will be conducted in the form of representative sampling from satay pokea traders accompanied by interviews related to the processing of satay pokea, measurement of water content, protein, fat, ash, Fe, and Pb content. Based on the test results, it showed that the chemical content and heavy metal of satay pokea varied. The highest water content is 43.33%, the highest ash content is 19.17%, the highest fat content is 39.36%, The highest content of water, ash, fat, protein, Fe and Pb are  43.33%, 19.17%, 39.36%, 66.04%, 6.00 ppm and <0, 01 ppm respectively. Keywords: Fe, Heavy, Satay pokea, PbABSTRAKKerang pokea adalah hewan endemik yang berasal dari daerah Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengolahan kerang pokea umumnya dibuat menjadi sate kerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan kimia dan kandungan logam berat sate kerang pokea yang dijual di daerah Objek Wisata Pantai Toronipa, Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode penelitian yang akan dilakukan berupa pengambilan sampel representatif dari pedagang sate pokea disertai wawancara terkait pengolahan sate pokea, pengukuran kadar air, protein, kadar lemak, kadar abu, kadar Fe dan Pb. Berdasarkan  hasil uji, menunjukkan bahwa kandungan kimia dan logam berat sate pokea bervariasi. Kadar air tertinggi yaitu sebesar 43,33%, kadar abu tertinggi yaitu 19,17%, kadar lemak tertinggi 39,36%, kadar protein tertinggi 66,04%, kadar Fe tertinggi 6,00 ppm dan kadar Pb untuk setiap sampel < 0,01 ppm.Kata kunci: logam berat, logam Fe, logam Pb, Pantai Toronipa, sate pokea
A HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA EM PROPOSTAS DIDÁTICAS PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: UM ESTUDO EM TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Borges Leticia de Campos , Cavalari Mariana Feiteiro
Published: October 2021

A inserção da História da Matemática (HM) na Formação de professores tem sido objeto de diversos estudos realizados no Brasil. Nesse contexto, analisamos as propostas didáticas que apresentam aspectos da HM na formação inicial de professores de Matemática, sugeridas por teses e dissertações brasileiras, com relação à abordagem da HM e às suas contribuições, dificuldades e limitações. Analisamos 22 trabalhos e identificamos que, em 20 deles, alguns aspectos da HM são apresentados para lecionar conteúdos matemáticos e, em sete, são abordados aspectos específicos da HM e/ou da HM no Ensino. O desenvolvimento de sete propostas contribuiu para a formação pedagógica e o de 16 auxiliou a formação matemática dos licenciandos. Entretanto, destacamos que, na implementação de cinco propostas, os estudantes apresentaram dificuldade em compreender os textos de HM e, em três, as atividades não foram suficientes para que os futuros professores identificassem a importância da HM para o ensino e a aprendizagem de Matemática.
ESTADO DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS E O ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA NO MARCO DA CIDADE EDUCADORA (2013-2020)
Authors: Santos Simone José Aparecida da Silva , Donato Sueli Pereira
Published: October 2021

Por meio deste artigo objetivamos apresentar os principais resultados de pesquisas brasileiras concernentes às Representações Sociais, o Ensino da Matemática e a Cidade Educadora, no recorte temporal de 2013-2020. Para tanto, fizemos um levantamento junto ao repositório de dissertações e teses no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) do Instituto Brasileiro de Ciência e Tecnologia, visando responder à pergunta norteadora: “No Brasil, quais produções científicas tratam das Representações Sociais sobre o Ensino da Matemática e sua interlocução com a cidade enquanto espaço educador e/ou território educativo no marco da Cidade Educadora?”. Os descritores que nortearam essa busca foram as seguintes expressões: “Representações Sociais” AND “Ensino da Matemática”, AND “Cidade Educadora”. Esta revisão de literatura revelou que no Brasil não há produções científicas que tratam de Representações Sociais sobre o ensino da Matemática e sua interlocução com a Cidade Educadora. No entanto, há um pequeno volume de pesquisas que interrelacionam Representações Sociais com o Ensino da Matemática. É importante que a Matemática faça sentido e esteja articulada à vida dos estudantes, auxiliando na resolução de problemas e contribuindo para que sejam protagonistas na ação pedagógica, bem como, na compreensão do mundo a partir de suas representações.
Critical Role of Gut Microbiota and Epigenetic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Behçet’s Disease
Authors: Ma Xiaomin , Wang Xin , Zheng Guangbing , Tan Guiqin , Zhou Fangyu , Wei Wenwen , Tian Dan , Yu Hongsong
Published: October 2021

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic refractory multisystem autoinflammatory disease, characterized by typical clinical features of non-specific vasculitis, oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, as well as skin lesions. The exact etiopathogenesis of BD remains unknown, existing studies have indicated that genetics and environmental factors contribute to the increased development of BD. Recently, several studies have shown that external environmental factors can affect the process of epigenetic modification, and abnormalities of epigenetic factors have been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence of BD. At the same time, abnormalities of gut microbiota (GM) in the body, have also been confirmed to participate in the pathogenesis of BD by regulating the balance of Th17/Tregs. This article reviews the pathogenesis of BD and summarizes numerous clinical studies, focusing on the mechanism of GM and epigenetic factors impacting on BD, and providing new ideas for further elucidating the pathogenesis of BD.
Genomic Instability of Mutation-Derived Gene Prognostic Signatures for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Song Ze-Bing , Yu Yang , Zhang Guo-Pei , Li Shao-Qiang
Published: October 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major cancer-related deaths worldwide. Genomic instability is correlated with the prognosis of cancers. A biomarker associated with genomic instability might be effective to predict the prognosis of HCC. In the present study, data of HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases were used. A total of 370 HCC patients from the TCGA database were randomly classified into a training set and a test set. A prognostic signature of the training set based on nine overall survival (OS)–related genomic instability–derived genes (SLCO2A1, RPS6KA2, EPHB6, SLC2A5, PDZD4, CST2, MARVELD1, MAGEA6, and SEMA6A) was constructed, which was validated in the test and TCGA and ICGC sets. This prognostic signature showed more accurate prediction for prognosis of HCC compared with tumor grade, pathological stage, and four published signatures. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that the risk score could be an independent prognostic factor of HCC. A nomogram that combines pathological stage and risk score performed well compared with an ideal model. Ultimately, paired differential expression profiles of genes in the prognostic signature were validated at mRNA and protein level using HCC and paratumor tissues obtained from our institute. Taken together, we constructed and validated a genomic instability–derived gene prognostic signature, which can help to predict the OS of HCC and help us to explore the potential therapeutic targets of HCC.
The Secreted Protein Disulfide Isomerase Ag1 Lost by Ancestors of Poorly Regenerating Vertebrates Is Required for Xenopus laevis Tail Regeneration
Authors: Ivanova Anastasiya S. , Tereshina Maria B. , Araslanova Karina R. , Martynova Natalia Y. , Zaraisky Andrey G.
Published: October 2021

Warm-blooded vertebrates regenerate lost limbs and their parts in general much worse than fishes and amphibians. We previously hypothesized that this reduction in regenerative capability could be explained in part by the loss of some genes important for the regeneration in ancestors of warm-blooded vertebrates. One of such genes could be ag1, which encodes secreted protein disulfide isomerase of the Agr family. Ag1 is activated during limb and tail regeneration in the frog Xenopus laevis tadpoles and is absent in warm-blooded animals. The essential role of another agr family gene, agr2, in limb regeneration was demonstrated previously in newts. However, agr2, as well as the third member of agr family, agr3, are present in all vertebrates. Therefore, it is important to verify if the activity of ag1 lost by warm-blooded vertebrates is also essential for regeneration in amphibians, which could be a further argument in favor of our hypothesis. Here, we show that in the Xenopus laevis tadpoles in which the expression of ag1 or agr2 was artificially suppressed, regeneration of amputated tail tips was also significantly reduced. Importantly, overexpression of any of these agrs or treatment of tadpoles with any of their recombinant proteins resulted in the restoration of tail regeneration in the refractory period when these processes are severely inhibited in normal development. These findings demonstrate the critical roles of ag1 and agr2 in regeneration in frogs and present indirect evidence that the loss of ag1 in evolution could be one of the prerequisites for the reduction of regenerative ability in warm-blooded vertebrates.
Nicotiana spp. for the Expression and Purification of Functional IgG3 Antibodies Directed Against the Staphylococcus aureus Alpha Toxin
Authors: Opdensteinen P. , Meyer S. , Buyel J. F.
Published: October 2021

Immunoglobulin subclass IgG1 is bound and neutralized effectively by Staphylococcus aureus protein A, allowing the bacterium to evade the host’s adaptive immune response. In contrast, the IgG3 subclass is not bound by protein A and can be used to treat S. aureus infections, including drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the yields of recombinant IgG3 are generally low because this subclass is prone to degradation, and recovery is hindered by the inability to use protein A as an affinity ligand for antibody purification. Here, we investigated plants (Nicotiana spp.) as an alternative to microbes and mammalian cell cultures for the production of an IgG3 antibody specific for the S. aureus alpha toxin. We targeted recombinant IgG3 to different subcellular compartments and tested different chromatography conditions to improve recovery and purification. Finally, we tested the antigen-binding capacity of the purified antibodies. The highest IgG3 levels in planta (>130 mg kg−1 wet biomass) were achieved by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum or apoplast. Although the purity of IgG3 exceeded 95% following protein G chromatography, product recovery requires further improvement. Importantly, the binding affinity of the purified antibodies was in the nanomolar range and thus comparable to previous studies using murine hybridoma cells as the production system.
Georgia State University Perimeter College LSAMP Transfer Bridge Program: A Path Forward for Broadening Participation in Stem
Authors: Birkes Angela Y. , DeMeester Karen M. , Major Margaret H. , Simmons Brian W.
Published: October 2021

Summer Bridge Programs are increasingly becoming a popular strategy for Colleges and Universities to retain more historically underrepresented minority students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Retaining students in STEM disciplines is a necessary first step in order to accomplish the ultimate goal of diversifying the STEM workforce to create innovative solutions for today’s complex problems. In this paper, the authors describe an exploratory and descriptive study of the promising Georgia State University Perimeter College (GSU-PC) Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) Transfer Bridge Program. Most summer bridge programs are designed to facilitate seamless entry into college for incoming first year students, but the GSU-PC LSAMP Transfer Bridge program is designed to support the successful transition of underrepresented STEM students transferring from a 2-year to 4-year institution. Early results indicate that the Transfer Bridge participants were significantly more likely to enroll in a 4-year STEM program, receive a STEM bachelor’s degree, enroll in a post-baccalaureate STEM program, and receive a STEM post-baccalaureate degree than a comparison group of non-Transfer Bridge students at Georgia State University Perimeter College.
Six-Year Demographic Study of the Terrestrial Orchid, Crepidium acuminatum: Implications for Conservation
Authors: Timsina Binu , Kindlmann Pavel , Münzbergová Zuzana , Rokaya Maan B.
Published: October 2021

Studies on population dynamics are helpful for understanding the factors determining population development and predicting the effects of disturbances, such as harvesting of plant species. In an investigation of the demography of a terrestrial medicinal orchid known as Crepidium acuminatum, the effects of harvesting on its population dynamics were recorded. Data on recruitment, growth and survival were collected in three populations of C. acuminatum over a 6-year period (2012–2017) in central Nepal. A matrix modeling method was used to determine the effect of different harvesting regimes on the population growth and survival of this species. Population growth rates (λ) of unharvested populations were relatively similar and stable in different years of the study. Harvesting significantly reduced λ. The results of this study indicate that the sustainable survival of a population that is subject to harvesting can only occur when it is either selective (only flowering individuals or only small amounts of vegetative individuals) or rotational (once every 3–5 or more years). This study demonstrates the necessity of using a sustainable method when harvesting natural populations. Our results are useful for developing efficient management strategies for this species. As each species has a different biology, similar studies are needed for other rare and/or economically important species in the Himalayan region and in other understudied parts of the world.