bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Queer Communal Kinship Now!
Authors: Robinou
Published: March 2023

Queer communal kinship is a long overdue replacement for the naturalized model of the modern western family; a post-capitalist regime of social reproduction, aiming for redistributive justice through the politics of pleasure; a timely proposal for the demise of possessive and accumulative ideology, and the upsurge of a counter-imaginary; a manifesto for the collectivization of reproductive labor; an ethical conceptual framework for a joyful cultural shift: Queer Communal Kinship Now!

This manifesto pushes for a radical redefinition of love, intimacy, and care in support of a much needed redistributive justice movement. This project must be accompanied by an exit from heteronormativity as a regime of relational scarcity, as well as from the metaphysics of private property which is at the heart of our economies and by extension of our social ecologies -- at odds with much of life on this planet. Queer Communal Kinship Now! examines the role of western normative family ideals in the mechanisms of the preservation and intensification of this status quo, as well as potential approaches to guide us out of this unsavory situation. 

Both handbook and personal narrative, Queer Communal Kinship Now! discusses the conceptual leaps required to emancipate ourselves from the conventional western family model, towards different regimes of bonding, care, and attention, to allow us to imagine a different type of social reality driven by queer and feminist ethical concerns. Directed to those interested in building queer families and wondering how not to repeat the mistakes of their parents, Queer Communal Kinship Now! offers radical ways of rethinking being together.
Investigating Pipe Culvert Failure in Baleela Oil Field in Sudan
Authors: S. M. Hamza Omer , E. Eltybe Zain , M. Omer Omer
Published: March 2023

This paper thoroughly investigates failure cases of the constructed pipe culverts in Baleela oil field in west of Sudan. The paper provides technical recommendations and remedial measures. Common types of failures of pipe culverts and their appropriate measures were briefly discussed. The paper provides inspection based on extensive site survey and data record review to find out the main structural and hydrological causes of culverts failure. The site survey is conducted in the last two years while the data record review extended since 2011. The pipe culverts engaged in this study were 20 water streams each of them contain 3 to 8 pipe culverts. Failures of pipe culverts constructed in 9 locations during the last 9 years were evaluated in percentage. The investigation showed that various reasons caused failures of the studied culverts including volume of water flow, corrosion and scouring, floating trees and deformation in pipe culvert obtained from traffic load beside construction related reasons such as culverts assembly, poor construction, un-compacted backfilling and the backfilling soil type in addition to design related reasons such as improper design and pipe capacity. It could be concluded that the pipe culvert is the most economic water crossing structures for valleys of low water flow volume. Also pipe culverts are not suitable for wide shallow valleys.
Nomograph for Predicting Swelling Potential of Expansive Subgrade Soil
Authors: S. M. Hamza Omer , M. E. Zumrawi Magdi , E. M. Mohamed Awad
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates empirical correlation between expansive soil index properties and soil swelling. The paper uses the concept of Nomographs to develop one for prediction of soil swelling. Disturbed soil samples from different regions in Sudan were collected to represent the most challenging soils in the country. The samples were collected from Al-Qadarif (S1), Wad Medani (S2) and Al-Giraif East in Khartoum (S3). The basic properties of the soil samples were thoroughly measured. The three soils gave high swelling potential and high plasticity. The X-ray diffraction test results showed that S1 has the highest montmorillonite than the other two soils. Therefore S1 is considered as the most expansive soil compared with the other soils. The consistency factor which was developed can be used to correlate the basic properties of the soil with the soil swelling. The consistency factor is a combination of the moisture content, dry density, void ratio, liquid limit and plasticity index. These parameters are combined in a way reflecting the influence of each of them on the soil property. The swelling properties were measured for the soil samples compacted at different moisture content and different dry densities. Very good linear relationships were developed between the swelling properties and the consistency factor. The correlations developed were verified by using data reported by some previous researchers. Using the relationships developed in this study, Nomograph was designed so as to make easy to predict swelling potential.
VSAT Packet Security Performance Enhancement Using Modified Interlock Protocol
Authors: M. Muzzmail Ayman , Abbas Ali Hamid , M. Sharif Sami
Published: March 2023

This study has focused on developing the Interlock protocol and on implementing it on the VSAT system to overcome the man-in-the-middle attack in the double hob topology. A new cryptography protocol has been modified into Interlock protocol by using the concept of Cipher Block Chinning mode and AES, RSA, SAH-256 algorithms. The TCP protocol is flexible and has the ability to tune its parameters depending on the environment under which it works. In this study the TCP protocol parameters had been readjusted to reach the optimum throughput when the packet was encrypted and transmitted in the VSAT environment. The results indicate an increase in the throughput of up to about 30%.
Recovery of Spent Liming Liquor Case study: Afrotan Tannery, Sudan
Authors: A. Yassen Alfatih , A. Almaged Abdelsalam , A Gasmelseed Gurashi
Published: March 2023

Spent liming liquor is produced from unhairing and liming processes. This study was carried out in Afrotan Tannery, by using the existing liming recovery unit in the tannery. The aim of the study is to determine and to evaluate the efficiency of the method of treatment applied in liming liquor recovery unit. The results showed that the value of pH was 12 and the values of TSS, Cl, NH4 and COD in liming liquor before treatment were 10623, 8511, 498 and 37396 mg/l, respectively. The value of pH is 11.5 and the values of TSS, Cl, NH4, COD and sulphide in liming liquor after treatment were 4321, 7796, 407, 21985 and1602mg/l, respectively. The liming liquor recovery unit receives 300 m3/day of spent liming liquor. 140 m3/day of the quantity is floated and precipitated as sludge. 60 m3/day of this sludge does not enter sludge treatment unit and directly is filled in land contaminating the soil with sulphide. 160 m3/day of the quantity is the treated spent liming liquor which is mixed with fresh makeup basic sodium sulfide and ammonium sulphate and recycled in unhairing and liming processes. The study concludes that it is important to conduct further studies to decrease COD in clear liming liquor and to send all sludge to sludge treatment unit.
Physiochemical Treatment of Wastewater Utilizing Polyaluminum Chloride for Khartoum North Wastewater Effluent
Authors: Yousif A. Mohamed Ahmed , Elsanosi O. Elnour Asim , A. A. Khadam Mohamed
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the possibility of applying physiochemical treatment for industrial wastewater combined with domestic wastewater that are currently treated by the conventional activated sludge process in Khartoum North Treatment plant at Haj Yousif (Wad Dafeah). A lab-scale experiment was carried out utilizing Poly aluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant for determining the optimum dose to reduce the turbidity of the wastewater sample to the lowest level. The results of the lab-scale model showed that a dose of 0.8 ml/l of the PAC achieved significant removal of turbidity (from turbidity >1000 NTU of raw sewage to turbidity level of 18 NTU of the treated effluent). This dose of 0.8ml/l obtained from the lab-scale experiment was applied in a pilot plant of capacity 30 m3/d erected at the site of the treatment plant (Wad Dafeah). The process units utilized in the pilot plant were of minimum or negligible electrical power consumption. They include an inverted hydro cyclone for flash mixing of the coagulant, pipes arrangement to achieve hydraulic gentle mixing as flocculation process, vertical sedimentation tank to enhance efficient settling of particles and tertiary treatment using a rapid sand filter. Raw sewage of BOD5 = 5000 mg/l was introduced into the pilot plant and excellent quality of treated effluent was obtained. Removal efficiencies of both BOD5 and SS were high (97 % & 98% respectively).Treated effluent had BOD5 = 23 mg/l & SS = 22 mg/l. The high dose of PAC utilized for the treatment (0.8 ml/l= 1040 mg/l) can be reduced significantly if raw wastewater of lower BOD content such as domestic wastewater is treated. In a parallel study with the domestic sewage of BOD5 =350 mg/l, the PAC dose required was 0.1 ml/l (130 mg/l). Recycling of residual PAC in the sludge is recommended to decrease the cost of treatment. The approach & methodology followed in this study can be further adopted using other coagulant material such as ferric salts or other similar local product which can achieve high efficiency in reducing the load of organic substances in the wastewater with minimum cost.Keywords: Physiochemical; Poly aluminum chloride; inverted hydro cyclone
On The Integration and Evaluation of Vertical Control Information and Uncertainties in Leveling Networks Using Least Squares Modeling
Authors: H. Seedahmed Gamal
Published: March 2023

Proper integration and evaluation of an existing vertical control information with the adjustment of a new leveling network require a stepwise approach that could reveal the hidden aspects of their uncertainties or stochastic properties. The general use of the control information as fixed quantities in the adjustment of the leveling networks is a major flaw. To this end, the fundamental concepts of least squares solutions offer a flexible and a rich framework for proper integration and modeling of control information and their uncertainty for new leveling networks. This paper provides a comprehensive review and analysis of a workflow that can be used to integrate and evaluate the existing control information or benchmarks to a new leveling network. In particular, this paper exploits three different approaches of least squares solutions to integrate and evaluate the stochastic properties of the existing control information and observations that belong to a new network. First, ordinary least squares solution, which constrained by Gauss-Markov model, was exploited to depict the normal practice of leveling networks adjustment in which the control information will be introduced as constant or fixed values. Second, least squares solution with pseudo observations was exploited for proper integration of control information and their stochastic properties. Third, free-network least squares solution was exploited as a mechanism to separate and quantify the stochastic properties of the observations from the ones that will be associated with the control information. Through the use of a numerical example, this paper offers some new perspectives and a detailed analysis that explains the interplay between the different aspects of least squares solutions for the integration and evaluation of vertical control information and their uncertainties with new leveling networks.
Measurement of the Performance of a Cognitive Radio Spectrum Handoff Model
Authors: A. M. Abdu Ghada , A. H. Abbas Mohamed , A. Ali Hamid
Published: March 2023

Wireless access has become an essential part of modern society. Consequently, new wireless applications and services, as well as the number of wireless users, are sharply increasing. Cognitive radio has improved the spectral efficiency of licensed radio frequency bands by accessing unused part of the band opportunistically without interfering with a licensed primary user. Spectrum mobility improves fast and smooth transition that lead to minimum performance degradation. An important requirement of mobility management protocols is a good performance in relation to spectrum handoff. To reduce the adverse effects of spectrum handoff interrupted secondary users may be provided with a higher priority over new secondary users for utilizing the available spectrum band. In this paper a queuing model of a spectrum handoff scheme for cognitive radio wireless networks is proposed. The handoff performance of the secondary users operating in a heterogeneous spectrum situation composed of licensed channels and unlicensed channels is tested., Three types of users: primary users, new secondary users, and handoff (Interrupted) secondary users are considered. The discrete event Simulator Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) package tool is used to carry numerical calculations illustrating the effect of a priority queuing system on the performance of handoff of Secondary Users (SUs).
Comparative Study between Aluminium Sulphate and Moringa Oleifera Seeds as Coagulants in Drinking water Treatment
Authors: Eshag Abdalla Elsadig , Ali Yousif Yousif , Ali Ibnaof Ibnaof
Published: March 2023

This study is a laboratory based study comparing the efficiency of Alum with Moringa seeds as coagulants in order to treat the water samples from Blue Nile River in Blue Nile State. The samples turbidities were 8580 NTU, 3000 NTU and 29.4 NTU from different sites. Six different doses for each coagulant and for each sample were used in Jar test apparatus with six- paddle gang stirrer. The initial turbidity 8580 NTU was reduced by 99.5% when used 150 ppm Alum. Meanwhile, Moringacoagulant gave 99.8% removal when using 130 ppm. The pH was decreased from 7.9 to 7.36 corresponding to Alum dose with increasing in EC and TDS but was in acceptable levels. With Moringa the pH, EC and TDS were insignificantly changed. The taste and color in both coagulants were unsuitable while the odor was acceptable. In the sample 3000 NTU, the best activity at 100ppm Alum. Achieved 90% reduction in turbidity load and 99.4% reduction at 100 ppm Moringa. The pH in Alum. Also started to fall down from 7.61 to 6.8, in Moringa no significant change was occurred. The EC, TDS, odor and taste were not affected with used doses. The color still unsuitable for consumer in both coagulants. In sample 29.4 NTU the Alum coagulant enhanced theturbidity removal till to 95.4% when 50 ppm was used, while in 10 ppm Moringa, reduced the turbidity by 87.9%. The other characteristics color, odor and taste were acceptable at both coagulants with no significant change in EC and TDS
Simulation of River Bed Changes Upstream Merowe Dam
Authors: A. H. Mohammed Bouran , M.A Sharfi El-Sadig , A. I. Mordos Mansour
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this paper is to address long term morphological changes for Merowe Dam Reservoir located in Sudan using River Analysis System Software (HEC-RAS 5.0.3) , The trend of three different sediment transport equations (Laursen/Copeland, Yang and Ackre/White) had been represented in terms of the volumetric bed changes. The results obtained by the model had been calibrated and validated, furthermore, Sensitivity analysis was conducted. For the model, Two different boundary conditions had been used, one is the Sediment rating curve and the other is equilibrium load. Using the predictive model concept, three bed changes scenarios were simulated, assuming repeated flows, assuming wet and dry flows, Model limitations were considered and further recommendations were highlighted.
Potential of Satellite Rainfall Estimates as Inputs for Flood Forecasting: Case Study Gash River, Sudan
Authors: E. A Elhadi , B. I Barsi , Y. A Mohamed , A.M. A Salih
Published: March 2023

This study is an attempt to test the potential of using real time Satellite Rainfall Estimates (SRE) data for hydrological modeling. Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM-3B42RT V7) SRE was evaluated against observed rain gauge data in Gash river catchment. The TRMM was evaluated against intensity as well as elevation dependency. The Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) software of the Army Corps of Engineering of the USA was used to simulate the rainfall - runoff process. The performance of TRMM was found to underestimate the rainfall for most of the events, the underestimation increases with the increase in elevation. TRMM data set was biased corrected and used as input to derive the hydrological model. Observed hydrographs at the catchment outlet were compared to the simulated flow hydrographs using events and continuous modeling. The results of hydrological modeling showed that events based modeling performed better, the coefficient of determination (R2) vary between 0.87 to 0.96 while Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), vary from 0.84 to 0.96 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) vary from 45 to 118.3 m3/s. While the same statistics for continuous modeling showed, (NSE = 0.65) and (RMSE 44.5 m3/s). These results reflect the high potential of TRMM data set as inputs for hydrological modeling and flood forecasting in the Gash river and other basins with similar characteristics.
Illness-Perception, Coping Strategies and Psychological Distress among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women
Authors: Ain Qurat-Ul- , Gul Afsheen
Published: March 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common disorder among women. Globally 2.2% to 26 % of the women suffers from this syndrome. Illness perception change the coping strategies and attitude towards illness. Psychological distress is assumed to be significantly influenced by coping strategies and illness perception. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among illness-perception, coping strategies and psychological distress among PCOS women. Methods: A sample of n=90 females with age range of 20 to 35 years (M= 26.3, SD=3.3). Through probability sampling strategy. Illness perception questionnaire (Broadbent et al., 2006), brief coping scale (Carver, 1997) and psychological distress scale (Kessler et al., 1992) measures were used. Findings: The results were analyzed through Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple hierarchical regression tests which shows significant relationship among psychological distress and one dimension of brief coping (problem focused coping), whereas shows significant positive and negative relationship with illness perception dimensions Practical Implication & Conclusion: Findings implies that high psychological distress would be due to high perception of illness. Women uses problem focused coping strategies more readily cope the stress in illness and experienced less psychological distress in polycystic ovary syndrome. So this review helps the clinicians in reducing distress among PCOS women. Keywords: Illness perception, Coping Strategies, Psychological distress, polycystic ovary syndrome
Comparison of Mean Upper Lip Length in Individuals with Competent Lips, Lips Apart and Incompetent Lips
Authors: Rasheed Madiha , Sajjad Batool , Devi Asha , Shaikh Waheed Gul , Naureen Humaira , Azfar Marium
Published: March 2023

Background: The human lips are the essential structure for speech, facial expression and oral functions like eating, drinking and breathing. The orthodontic treatment is very crucial for the advancement of the facial expression Lip incompetence is a condition in which the lips fail to close adequately leading to negative effects on speech, facial esthetics and oral functions. Study design: It is a retrospective study conducted at WATIM Dental College Rawat, Rawalpindi and Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi for the duration of six months from Jan 2022 to June 2022. Material and Methods: The patients were divided into three groups. The patients that did not follow the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study. Group I had patients with competent lips, group II had patients with their lips apart and group III had incompetent lips. There were 45 patients in each group. Results: The length of group I members was 19.8 mm for men and 18.7 mm for women, which was less than group III individuals with 20 mm and 18.9 mm average upper lip length for males and females. Group II patients had a length of 17.5mm for male patients and 16.4 mm for female patients. The P-value was calculated and the results were statistically significant. Conclusion: The length of group I members was 19.8 mm for men and 18.7 mm for women, which was less than group III individuals with 20 mm and 18.9 mm average upper lip length for males and females. Group II patients had a length of 17.5mm for male patients and 16.4 mm for female patients. Keywords: Lip incompetence and competent lips.
Validity of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Level in Pleural Fluid for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Haque Afia , Azam Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The pleural fluid LDH/ADA ratio, which can be determined from routine biochemical analysis, is highly predictive of TPE at a cut-off level of 16.20. Measurement of this parameter may be helpful for clinicians in distinguishing between TPE and PPE. Despite wide variations in the reported sensitivity and specificity of pleural fluid ADA level, it can be used as a surrogate for pleural biopsy when the latter is not feasible. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is the most cost-effective pleural fluid marker and is routinely used in high prevalence settings, whereas its value is questioned in areas with low prevalence. The lymphocyte proportion (LP) is known to increase the specificity of ADA for this diagnosis. Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ADA level in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of TB as compared to other conventional methods available like gene expert. Materials & Methods: The design of this study was a cross sectional study design. This study was conducted in Medicine Unit III, S.P.H. Quetta and the duration of this study was from 23rd October 2019 to 22nd April 2020. A total of 423 patients with pulmonary TB between the ages of 25 years to 45 years, having developed pleural effusion were included. Patients with pleural effusion due to causes other than TB, having extra pulmonary TB and those with other respiratory infections were excluded. Tests done specifically for TB in our setup include sputum AFB, CXR, and genexpert. These patients’ pleural fluid ADA were then sent. Results: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) found that 217 were True Positive and 13 were False Positive. Among 193, adenosine deaminase (ADA) negative patients, 12 (False Negative) had TB on gene expert whereas 181 (True Negative) had no TB on gene expert (p=0.0001). Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ADA level in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of TB as compared to other conventional methods available like gene expert was 94.76%, 93.30%, 94.35%, 93.78% and 94.09% respectively. Practical Implication: This study was conducted to determine the validity of ADA levels for the diagnosis of TB and the results of this study if favorable will decrease the need for other laboratory tests usually done which take longer time, thus helping to decrease the need for multiple tests, early availability of report and timely management of the disease. This will further help to reduce the contact rate of TB and the risk of developing MDR TB by starting early treatment. Conclusion: This study concluded that diagnostic accuracy of ADA level in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of TB is quite high. Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Pleural Fluid, Adenosine Deaminase, Biochemical, Mycobacterium .
Correlation of Sonographic Findings and Histopathological Examination of Hysterectomy Specimens in Perimenopausal Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Johar Muhammad Jamil , Riaz Maria , Akhtar Nasreen , Akram Sara , Sabir Farzana
Published: March 2023

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequent prenatal problem that affects the women of all ages. AUB is the condition in which vaginal bleeding occur in the absence of pregnancy. The most common and easily available imaging procedure is the ultrasonography. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between sonographic findings and histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens in perimenopausal women with AUB. Study design: It is a cross-sectional study conducted at Lady Willingdon Hospital Lahore and Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur, Azad Kashmir for the duration of six months from July 2022 to December 2022. Material and Methods: This study on hysteroscopy was carried out on 50 patients suffering from uterine bleeding and having a biopsy. All the patients selected in the given study were according to the inclusion criteria, while those patients were excluded that do not fulfill the inclusion criteria. Most of the patients included in this study had ages between 31 to 41 years. The study was approved by the review and ethical board committee of the hospital. Results: Most patients having this ultrasonography had fibroid and bulky uterus. Only a few had Adenomyosis and thick endometrium. Neglectable patients had an endometrial polyp and malignancy issues. The sensitivity value for the normal endometrium used as a control was at an acceptable range and it was used as the control for the further evaluation of other attributes. Conclusion: For the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding, hysteroscopy is an excellent diagnostic tool and it is highly efficient for the estimation of pathological issues of the endometrium wall. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, sonography and histopathological examination.
Evaluation of Neutrophil Percentage to Albumin Ratio as Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Rehman Haseeb U , Nukrich Rizwana Salik , Ahmed Muhammad Azhar , Dilawar Syed Muhammad Umair , Shalim Elisha
Published: March 2023

Background: Inflammatory acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by the COV-2 virus. Neutrophils have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the COVID-19 pandemic since its inception, particularly in individuals with advanced disease. This is confirmed by a large number of studies. Methods: The study included 200 patients, of whom 100 were in the critical group (group 1) and 100 were in the non-critical group (group 2). White blood cell (WBC) percentage, neutrophil count, albumin, and demographic information were recorded. Neutrophil percentage x 100 /Albumin (g/dl) was used to construct the neutrophil count to albumin ratio (NPAR). To determine whether the measure may be utilized as a predictor for mortality, the NPAR is then compared between groups 1 and 2, as well as between discharge and mortality groups. Results: Age and gender had no statistically significant differences in either group. There were no significant variations in the median (IQR) values of neutrophil count (89 vs 91.25), WBC (15.65 vs 14.9), and NPAR (41.3 vs 43.7) between the two groups. Significant differences in albumin (3.330.521 vs. 3.10.51) were identified between the critical and non-critical groups. Conclusion: According to our research, the COVID-19 patients' NPAR is a poor predictor of mortality. More study is still required to verify and elucidate the clinical implications of these findings. Keywords: Covid-19, Albumin, Neutrophil, Mortality, SARS
Factors Influencing the Pursuit of Legal Rights by Burn Victims of Domestic Violence
Authors: Buzdar Zulfiqar Ali , Munir Javaid , Fatima Remsha
Published: March 2023

Background: The decision to report domestic violence incidents, including burns, can be complex and influenced by various factors such as lack of confidence in police, delay in delivery of the just and social factors like that of fear, shame, and a belief that the family might be disturbed. Understandingthis trend is crucial in developing effective strategies to support and protect survivors. In matters of domestic violence of burns the victims fear to register the case in police station or any health facility. Aim: To understand the factors responsible for the failure of registering their burn incident as medicolegal issue. Methodology: Study was carried out among the victims of burns of domestic violence in the catchment area of May Hospital Lahore.The population of study comprises of urban and rural populations. The study sample comprised of 450 unfortunate victims of domestic burns for one whole year of 2018 from January to December brought in the Medicolegal Clinic of the King Edward Medical University Lahore. The data was collected on a predesigned questionnaire after due approval from Ethical Review Committee and Institutional Review Board. Results: The study results revealed that literacy level play a pivotal role in registering the incident of domestic violence a matter of legal concern being significant with a p value as 0.029. The social factors like that of confidence in the local police, the delay of the justice system and physical or emotional disturbance of the family if the fight for a legal battle in criminal domestic burn incident was found grossly significant with p value as 0.000 being very valid in growing economies. Conclusion: The study was found conclusive that literacy level and social factors like that of confidence in local law enforcement agencies, delay in delivery of the justice and family issues are the most vital social factors hindering to fight a legal battle in domestic burn incidents. Keywords: Burns, Domestic Violence, Legal Rights, Law Enforcement, Medicolegal Burns, Justice System
Prediction of Endometrial Pathology by Endometrial Cut-Off Thickness in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Sajjad Nazia , Kazi Jehangir , Zaman Salma
Published: March 2023

Aim: To determinecut-off endometrial thickness for prediction of endometrial pathology in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Niazi Medical & Dental College, Sargodha from 1st October 2021 to 30th September 2022. Methodology: Seventy perimenopausal women who were above the age of 40 years and were suffering from acute urinary bleeding were enrolled. Transvaginal ultrasound was conducted. Uterus as well as adnexa were scanned longitudinally ad transversally. Doppler was activated and hemodynamic-parameters were bilaterally examined from the main dominant uterine arteries branch to the cervical-corporal section of uterus. Endometrial vessels color flow examination detected number, size, as well as vessel regularity of branching. Three different vascular patterns were observed. Results: The mean age of the women in Group I was 44.25 ± 2.69 years where as in Group II cases it was mean 47.16 ± 3.25 years. Transvaginal ultrasound endometrial thickness cut-off was determined as >10.5mm. Comorbidities were higher in the Group II with neoplastic changes observed. The value of obesity, age, hypertension and diabetes as well as endometrial thickness >10.5 were significantly higher in mltivariant analysis whereas age, obesity and ET>10.5 was increased in the univariate analysis as well. Transvaginal ultrasound-endometrial thickness >10.5mm was having highest value of sensitivity and specificity Conclusion: Perimenopausal women suffering with abnormal uterine bleeding should undergo histopathological examination if they have a transvaginal ultrasound-endometrial thickness value greater than 10.5mm.The main risk factors towards increased risk of endometrial pathology development are age and obesity. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Endometrial carcinoma, Histopathology
Accuracy of Pipelle Endometrial Samplingin comparison to D&C in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A comparative analysis of all samples vsonly adequate samples by Pipelle
Authors: Amir Sahar Salahuddin , Aziz Sonia , Mukhtar Rabia
Published: March 2023

Background: The Pipelle endometrial sample biopsy (PESB) is considered the most convenient, non - invasive method for endometrial sampling. The abnormal uterine bleeding has many causes and consequences in women. The exact causes are described by histology of sample through D&C. The accuracy of PESB is under observation in different settings and a lot of work is further required. Aim: To see the accuracy of PESBin comparison to D&C for morphological findings among women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Study design: Cross--sectional analytical study. Place and duration of study: Gyne OPD & Histopathology Departments, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore during 1st May 2019 to 8th December 2019. Methodology: Two hundred and thirty five adult women with AUB recommended for D&C and with Pipelle endometrial sample were included. Those with endometrial thickness less than 4mm, having fibroids, with pelvic inflammatory disease, or clotting factor disorders were excluded. Pipelle endometrial sample was taken in GyneOPD and were examined at Histopathology Department. Data were managed through SPSS-20. Results: 80.0% had adequate Pipelle samples and Pipelle inadequate as negative were considered for comparison the accuracy of Pipelle for proliferative endometrium and secretory endometrium were lower (90.6% vs 100.0%) and (93.6% vs 100.0%) as compared to only 188 adequate samples considered; by considering D&C as gold standard. Accuracies for Hyperplasia, and chronic endomitritis were little higher for all cases and for carcinoma the accuracy was 100.0% in either case. Conclusion: Pipelle endometrial sampling can be considered an effective method for endometrial sampling with an accuracy of more than 90.0% for each of the endometrial morphology. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Pipelle endometrial biopsy, Diagnostic accuracy
Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications of Three Dimensional (3D) Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Shaikh Ubedullah , Dal Nawaz Ali , Yousfani Sikandar-E-Azam , Fareed Ullah Alvi Muhammad , Abro Arshad Hussain
Published: March 2023

Aim: To determine the intraoperative and postoperative complications of three dimensional (3D) laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methodology: This prospective observational study was carried out General Surgery Department of multiple hospitals of Sindh during the time period of 1st July, 2021 to 30th June 2022. Cholelithiasis were included in the study were included. The baseline and specific assessments in all patients, especially abdominal ultrasound for diagnosis of gallstone disease were done. All prepared were 3D laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Sixty nine (88.46%) were females and 9(11.53%) were males with mean age was 37.32±4.03 years. Common intraoperative complications were gallbladder rupture observed in 3(3.84%) cases tight adhesions around gallbladder, bleeding from liver bed in 2(2.56%) cases. Post-operatively 4(5.12%) patients had nausea, postoperative fever in 5(6.40%) cases, port-site bleeding in 3(3.84%) cases and port site infection in 4(5.12%) cases. Conclusion: Intraoperative and postoperative complications are more common in patients with older age and male gender. Keywords: Intraoperative complications, Postoperative complications, 3D laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Optimization of culture conditions for the production of exopolysaccharides from marine isolate Citrobacter sp.
Authors: Askar Nawas Pakeer Mohideen , Haniﬀ Seyed Maﬁya , Sundararasu Karuppiah , Shankar Thiruvengadam , Venkatesh Sakthivel
Published: March 2023

Exopolysaccharide (EPS) samples were collected from the Mandapam camp, India. Morphological, biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were done and the candidate bacterium was confirmed as Citrobacter sp. EPS production was observed from bacteria in Malt medium broth (0.88 ± 0.04mg/ml). The optimal cultural conditions for EPS production were as follows: after 72 hours of incubation at pH 8.0 (0.75 ± 0.1 mg/ml), the temperature at 40⁰C (0.75 ± 0.1 mg/ml), 100 rpm (0.90 ± 0.1 mg/ml). In the experimentation, arabinose (carbon sources) (1. ± 0.120 mg/ml) and ammonium nitrate (nitrogen) (1.30 ± 0.1 mg/ml) showed better results for the yield of EPS. The highest production of EPS was recorded in Triton X-100 (surfactants) supplemented medium. The optimal production of EPS was obtained in 2.5% sodium chloride added medium. Then the 2.5% inoculum concentration better for maximizing the yield of EPS. The best yield of EPS was noticed in after 96 hours of incubation time.
The public investment multiplier in a production network
Authors: Peri Alessandro , Rachedi Omar , Varotto Iacopo
Published: March 2023

Aggregate and sectoral effects of public investment crucially depend on the interaction between the output elasticity to public capital and input-output linkages. We identify this dependence through the lens of a New Keynesian production network. This setting doubles the socially optimal amount of public capital relative to the average one-sector economy, leading to a substantial amplification of the public investment multiplier. We also document novel sectoral implications of public investment. Although public investment is concentrated in far fewer sectors than public consumption, its effects are relatively more evenly distributed across industries. We validate this model implication in the data.
Renal infarction caused by fibromuscular dysplasia
Authors: Yurteri Gurkan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an atherosclerotic/non-inflammatory disease, usually involving the renal and internal carotid arteries. Renal infarction is a rare condition that can present with flank pain and can be caused by FMD.

Case Report: A 49-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of flank pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and chills. Her blood pressure was normal. Abdominal examination showed right costovertebral tenderness. Laboratory assessment showed hematuria, leukocytosis, increased C-reactive protein (CRP), and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Nephrolithiasis was strongly considered a cause of pain because of the nature of the pain and the presence of hematuria. The urinary system ultrasound was normal. On the computed tomography (CT), in contrastenhanced sections, an infarct area was detected in the lower pole of the right kidney. In renal angiography, severe focal stenosis was seen in the polar renal artery, and angioplasty was made.

Conclusion: Renal infarction can be caused by FMD and may be misdiagnosed as renal colic.
THE UNIVERSALITY OF LEARNING HOW TO COEXIST IN PEACE AND HARMONY: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION AND HISTORY FROM GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Rahman M Mostafizur
Published: March 2023

The goal of this article is to comprehend the urge of peace and harmony of human harbor- the planet earth. The value of living and the presence of meaningful, expressive human life are compared to the importance of peace and harmony. Humanism knowledge and education are vital for understanding the necessity of peace, harmony and coexistence. This essay attempts to explore humanism in the context of religious doctrine rather than serving as a comprehensive research article. Such a mechanism that regulates human attitudes and conduct is religious instruction. The idea that a person's faith reveals and expresses their affiliation with any particular religious group is also up for discussion. It is claimed that all faiths advocate for peace in order to obtain ultimate joy. Religions provide people and society ways and tools to live peaceful lives. Religion-related literature serves as verifiable evidence of how highly appreciated peace is as a tenet of each individual faith. In today's world, which is ruled by politics and power, there are a rising number of terrorist acts, violent crimes, abuse, disputes, clashes, and wars. Action must be taken immediately to solve these issues if we are to build a world that is peaceful and harmonious.
MODUL DUKUNGAN SEBAYA IBU HAMIL, IBU MENYUSUI, & KRAMA ISTRI DALAM UPAYA MENCEGAH STUNTING
Authors: Sutiari Ni Ketut , Hardy I Putu Dedy Kastama , Januraga Pande Putu , Adhi Kadek Tresna , Oktaviani Ni Putu Wiwik , Suiraoka I Putu , Oktaviana Betty , Sudastri Ni Kadek , Kurnianingsih I Desak Ketut Dewi Satiawati , Kowara Mellysa
Published: March 2023

Modul Dukungan Sebaya Ibu Hamil, Ibu Menyusui, & Krama Istri Dalam Upaya Mencegah Stunting ini bertujuan memberikan informasi kepada ibu hamil, ibu menyusui dan krama istri mengenai pencegahan stunting yang bisa dilakukan oleh mereka lebih dini.
PENYAJIAN GRAFIK HASILANALISIS DATAPENELITIAN
Authors: Sampurna I Putu , Nindhia Tjokoda Sari
Published: March 2023

Buku ini menyajikan hasil-hasil penelitan dalam bentuk grafik antara lain terdiri dari Penyajian Grafik Hasil Uji Kenormalan, Penyajian Grafik Hasil Uji Homogenitas Ragam,Penyajian Grafik Hasil Uji Beda Rataan, Penyajian Grafik Hasil Analisis Regresi, Penyajian Grafik Hasil Analisis Biplot dan Penyajian Grafik Hasil Analisis Klaster.
Microbiological analysis of water distributed in the urban area of the Municipality of Guajará, upstate of Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Mesquita Fabrício Rivelli , Moreira Nubia Souza , Santos Jeremias Galvão dos , Costa Jaqueline Souza da , Nascimento Luan de Oliveira , Alves William Ferreira , Gozzi Fábio , Moreira José Genivaldo do Vale
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to analyze the microbiological characteristics of water from artisanal wells in the municipality of Guajará in Amazonas, verifying the presence of Escherichia coli and total coliforms. The collections were carried out in residences in the center of the city in 10 points. COLItest Kits were used, which have substances, nutrients and MUG in their formulation that, properly balanced, inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, favoring the growth of bacteria from the coliform group and facilitating the identification of E. coli through fluorescence after incubation at 37 °C in 48 hours. In the qualitative analysis of the water, it was observed the presence of total coliforms in 80% of them and in 20% they presented absence of microorganisms. The samples that showed total coliforms, it was possible to observe that in 75% there was contamination by E. coli, representing a great risk to the health of those who consume water from these points without adequate treatment. However, measures for the preservation of water sources, the treatment of water for human consumption and the practice of using chlorine or boiling the water in the places where they were collected are necessary actions to reduce the occurrence of total coliforms and Escherichia coli.
الضغوط المهنية وعلاقتها بالاحتراق الوظيفي لدى محاضري كليات واقسام التربية الرياضية في الجامعات الفلسطينية
Authors: شتيوي ثابت
Published: March 2023

هدفت الدراسة التعرف الى الضغوط المهنية وعلاقتها بالاحتراق الوظيفي لدى محاضري كليات واقسام التربية الرياضية في الجامعات الفلسطينية. أجريت الدراسة على عينة عشوائية طبقية قوامها (50) محاضرا ومحاضرة من كليات وأقسام التربية الرياضية في الجامعات الفلسطينية، حيث استخدم الباحث الاستبانه كأداة لجمع البيانات، وتضم أداتي" الضغوط المهنية" وهي من تصميم الباحث، وأداة "الاحتراق الوظيفي من تصميم (منصور، 2013).، وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة الى أن المستوى الكلي للضغوط المهنية والاحتراق الوظيفي لدى عينة الدراسة كان منخفضا جدا، كما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ايجابية دالة احصائيا بين الضغوط المهنية والاحتراق الوظيفي، إضافة الى عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا في الضغوط المهنية والاحتراق الوظيفي تبعا لمتغيرات النوع الاجتماعي، والدرجة العلمية، والخبرة. ويوصي الباحث الى توفير الحوافز المادية والمعنوية باستمرار من قبل إدارات الجامعات الفلسطينية للمحاضرين لمنع وجود ضغوط مهنية أو احتراق وظيفي لدى المحاضرين للقيام بوجباتهم على أكمل وجه، اضافة الى اجراء دراسات ارتباطية أخرى تتناول موضوعي الدراسة مع مواضيع ذات صلة مثل: الرضا الوظيفي، والامان الوظيفي، الأداء الوظيفي وغيرها.
Responsive Web Design Trend in Official Ministries and Government Institutions Websites in Palestine
Authors: Odeh Najla , Eleyan Derar
Published: March 2023

Websites compatibility with different browsers is quite necessary as modern technology evolves and more new devices are being invented. This paper aims at determining the application of the Responsive Web Design approach in the Palestinian ministries and governmental institutions. Thirty official websites in Palestine were evaluated and tested using Google DevTools, which is a testing environment that provides a quick and easy way to test websites on mobile devices and tablets, and the Google Mobile-Friendly Test Tool, which analyzes URLs and progress reports on a site's relevance for mobile users. Maintaining accuracy in results, real devices were used to test the responsiveness of the websites. The survey results have shown that 40% of the ministries and official governmental institutions' websites are responsive ones, 30% are semi-responsive, and 30% are unresponsive websites. They also have revealed that 43% of the websites are compatible with mobile phones and tablets. The study highly signifies the responsive design technology as it is a suitable and viable solution for providing web content in an effective and efficient manner for the users of desktop devices and mobile phones with different screen sizes. The researchers also recommended that websites providing electronic services should be given special attention and that a responsive design approach should be used with different dimensional frameworks.
PENDAMPINGAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PROSES PENDAFTARAN KOPERASI ABYAKTA GUNA MEMBERIKAN PERLINDUNGAN BAGI ANGGOTA KOPERASI
Authors: Wahyuni Ridha , Azaria Davilla Prawidya , Winanti Atik , Tarina Dwi Desi Yayi
Published: March 2023

Pendaftaran Koperasi merupakan salah satu hal yang penting dilakukan oleh pendiri Koperasi untuk memperoleh status badan hukum. Hal ini mengingat jika badan usaha tidak disahkan oleh pemerintah dan tidak didaftarkan maka berdasarkan undang-undang yang berlaku, kedudukan Koperasi tidak bisa melakukan perbuatan hukum karena Koperasi belum berbadan hukum. Hal ini juga berdampak pada tidak terlindunginya hak para anggotanya. Pada praktiknya, tidak semua Koperasi memiliki akta pendirian termasuk belum didaftarkan, salah satunya Koperasi ABYAKTA. Sementara, Koperasi ini sudah berdiri sejak 2021 dan telah memiliki 20 orang anggota, anggota telah membayar simpanan pokok dan simpanan wajib. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan ini penting dilakukan untuk memberikan edukasi bagi para pengurus dan anggota mengenai pentingnya dilakukan pendaftaran dan segera membuat akta pendirian untuk mendapatkan pengesahan dari Negara. Kegiatan penyuluhan diselenggarakan dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan diskusi terkait UU No. 25 Tahun 1992 khususnya mengenai tata cara pendirian dan prosedur pendaftaran Koperasi. Pada saat diskusi dan tanya jawab, para peserta sangat antusias dan memperoeh feedback yang positif, hal ini ditandai dengan tercapainya kesadaran peserta mengenai perlunya penyusunan akta pendirian Koperasi berikut penyusunan anggaran dasarnya.  Dari kegiatan ini, akan ditindaklanjuti dengan pendampingan lebih lanjut, khususnya memberikan konsultasi informal dalam rangka percepatan pembuatan akta pendirian sekaligus pendaftaran Koperasi ABYAKTA
Prevention of Tornadoes
Authors: J Scherlag Benjamin
Published: March 2023

For decades, environmentalists and weather scientists have publicized the impending crisis caused by the accumulation of “greenhouse gases” in the global environment. The greater destructive forces of storms such as increasing strength of recent hurricanes has provided confirmation of the effects of Climate Change. The ability to counteract these changes has been a slow process which is predicted to cost trillions of dollars and environmental attempts to deal with climate change, e.g., wind farms and development of solar energy. There is one environmental event that annually cost lives and great loss of property that can be interdicted by present technology. In the present report, methods are proposed for preventing tornado occurrences based on new insights into tornado formation.
ChatGPT and Nursing Education: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Alkhaqani Ahmed Lateef
Published: March 2023

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