bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVİD-19 DÖNEMİNDE TOPLUMSAL RİSK ALGISI, REFLEKSİVİTE VE BELİRSİZLİK: TWİTTER PAYLAŞIMLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Kolukırık Suat , Gün Elif
Published: January 2022

Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 pandemisinin bireysel ve toplumsal düzeyde farklı etkilerinin olduğu ve yeni bir toplumsal düzene karşılık geldiği tartışılmazdır. Öyle ki üretim ve tüketim ilişkilerinin değişiminden gündelik ilişkilerimize kadar her birey ve kurum yeniden şekillenmiş ve kendi varoluşunu gerçekleştirmeye çalışmıştır. Özellikle pandeminin ne zaman sonlanacağı, aşılamanın seyri, işkollarında yaşanan değişimler, ev merkezli toplum ve esnek çalışma biçimleri tartışılan konu başlıklarını oluşturmuş ve belirsizlik durumunun varlığı toplumsal endişe ve kaygı hallerini beslemeye devam etmiştir. Pandeminin sonlandırılmasına yönelik alınan önlemler ve uygulanan kısıtlamalar politik bir karşıtlık olarak kullanılmış ve istihdam kaybı yaşayan, işyeri kapanan ya da istihdama erişim imkanı bulamayan toplumsal kesimler tarafından bir araç olarak tartışılmıştır. Bu perspektif içerisinde, çalışmada küresel risk unsuru olarak Covid-19 algısı ve ortaya çıkan toplumsal eğilimlerin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla bir sosyal medya platformu örneği olarak Twitter’da 11-16 Mart 2020 tarihleri aralığında içinde risk, tehlike ve belirsizlik kavramlarından herhangi birisinin kullanıldığı paylaşımlar içerik analizi tekniğinden faydalanılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan çözümlemeler sonucunda Covid-19 pandemisi karşısında 5 farklı risk algısı ve sosyal tepkinin geliştiği belirlenmiş ve bunlar toplumsal kırılganlıkların yanı sıra dayanaklılıkların da göstergesi olarak değerlendirilmiştir
POST-TRUTH ÇAĞINDA COVID-19 AŞISI ÜZERİNDEN SOSYAL MEDYADAKİ KAMUSAL KOMPLO TEORİSİ ÜRETİMİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Kaya Sertaç
Published: January 2022

Covid-19, 2019 yılının sonlarında Çin’de görülmesinin ardından 2020’nin başından itibaren küresel halk sağlığına yönelik ciddi bir tehdit olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir. Hükümetlerin aldığı önlemlerin yanında bilim insanlarının da virüse karşı aşı geliştirmesi bu tehdide karşı mücadeledeki önemli adımlardan birini oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’de de, farklı ülkelerin geliştirdiği bu aşılar satın alınarak vatandaşlar üzerinde uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu ilerlemeler kaydedilirken bir yandan da sosyal medyada aşılar hakkında söylentiler, aşı karşıtı ifadeler ve komplo teorileri yaygın olarak üretilmekte, ilgi çekmekte ve paylaşılmaktadır. Genetik kodların değiştirilmesi, insanların bedenlerine mikroçipler yerleştirilmesi, aşıların cenin dokusu içermesi gibi farklı komplo teorileri öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sosyal medya platformlarından biri olan Twitter’da #AşıDeğilSeriKatil etiketi altında paylaşılan tweetler değerlendirmeye alınarak kullanıcıların paylaşımlarındaki aşı karşıtı görüşleri ve komplo teorisi üretimini ortaya koymak hedeflenmektedir. Bu amaçla 14.07.2021-17.07.2021 tarihleri arasında atılan tweetler değerlendirmeye alınmış ve en çok retweet edilen %5 oranındaki paylaşım içerik analizi ile incelenerek kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma neticesinde kullanıcıların aşı karşıtı düşüncelerini desteklemek adına çeşitli teoriler ortaya koyduğu, örnekler gösterdiği ve yorumlarını paylaştıkları görülmüştür.
Novel Albumin Gel-platelet-rich fibrin mixture (Alb-PRF); where do we stand?
Authors: Manjunatha Vinayaka Ambujakshi , Damera Trinath Kishore , Kumar T K Akshay , Chandini Velicheti Sai , Popat Tanmay , Vala Devanshi
Published: January 2022

AlbPRF is a blood by-product, without additives, using only autologous blood, which after centrifugation will be produced in two stages: heating and incorporation: heating of the serum and low platelet plasma and incorporation of cells (GF and PRF cytokines liquid, removed from the junction of the leukocyte zone and the red blood cells). This new biomaterial has already been tested in vitro and translational research with this new material has already started. Excellent results can be expected from the use of AlbPRF, not only for oral/periodontal surgery applications but also for use in facial medicine and aesthetics.
Study of serum magnesium levels and its correlation with glycemic status in type II diabetes patients
Authors: Pratinidhi Shilpa A , Badhe Yuvraj , Bhujbal Chaitanya , Tilokchandani Mohak
Published: January 2022

Magnesium is most important and vital element of body. It needs to be supplemented adequately. It plays a vital role in insulin secretion, insulin binding and homeostasis. When Serum Magnesium is adequate, the glycemic control is better and HbA1c values will fall, thus proving that serum magnesium plays a major role in glycemic control. It is now established that diabetes can by itself induce hypomagnesemia and hypomagnesemia can in turn induce onset or worsen diabetes mellitus.

: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 diagnosed cases of type II diabetes mellitus. This study was planned to study if any correlation exists between the level of Serum Magnesium and HbA1C in diagnosed Type II diabetics.

: The correlation between the two parameters was not found to be statistically significant.

: Owing to COVID-19 restrictions history regarding the duration of disease, the dietary history of the participants could not be obtained

: Serum magnesium does not bear a constant relationship with the diabetic control according to the findings of the current study and detailed studies including multi-parametric analysis along with duration of diabetes is required.
Evaluation of C-reactive protein and magnesium level in migraine patients on pre and post prophylactic treatment
Authors: khaleel Aliya , Sunder A Shyam , Meghana G
Published: January 2022

Migraine affects the day to day life of the sufferers with the symptoms of photophobia and phonophobia with pulsatile or non-pulsatile headache lasting from 1 to 4 hours. Prophylactic treatment or anti-migraine drugs were given to migraineurs to overcome the complications. C-reactive protein (CRP) and Magnesium level of symptomatic migraineurs, which act as biomarkers for the inflammatory cerebrovascular diseases before and after the treatment with Sodium Divalproex, Flunarizine and Propranolol. The evaluation of C-reactive protein and magnesium levels are noted along with symptoms when they first walk into the clinic. Treatment provided with Sodium Divalproex, Flunarizine and Propranolol for one month. After 1 month, the same tests are being performed. During the test at first instance, the values of pain scale were 31%, CRP value for negative were 20% and positive were 80% and pre-test of Serum magnesium level was 8.8% and at the second visit the pain scale reduced to 10.25%; CRP level was negative 25% and positive was 75%; Serum Magnesium was 9.35%. So, the significant values are being measured by the statistics, which we applied and found P=0.05. The patients who visited first didn’t come for the second visit. So, the results might vary and the patients who visited for the second time after one-month treatment, some got effective results while others remained ineffective. The reason for being ineffective is that they might have adapted to their current regimen.
Serum uric acid as biomarker for mania: An exploratory prospective study
Authors: Pandey Ambu , Kalita Kamal Narayan , Baruah Aprajeeta
Published: January 2022

Bipolar Disorder is a major mental illness characterized by episodic occurrence of mood symptoms which can be of mania, depression or a mixed episode. The role of Uric Acid in the etiopathogenesis of episodic mental illnesses might be considered recognized long back in 19th century. Lithium was used as treatment for gouty arthritis and that in some cases helped to control mental illnesses. Multiple role of uric acid in the Central Nervous System have been recognized now. In the present study 30 patients in manic episodes were included and their serum Uric Acid level was compared to age and sex matched healthy controls twice at the interval of three weeks. It was found that Uric Acid level of cases was significantly higher than in controls before the initiation of treatment. Uric Acid level of manic group showed a significant decline after three weeks of treatment initiation. There was no significant change in Uric Acid level of control group after three weeks

Serum Uric Acid levels are elevated during manic phase of Bipolar Disorder and decreases after initiation of treatment. There may be more research to find whether uric acid can be considered a biomarker for Bipolar illnesses and also an indicator for treatment response.
Productive Development Policies in the Mining Value Chain: Policy Opportunity and Alignment
Authors: Anzolin Guendalina
Published: January 2022

Natural resources are an important source for development, and Latin America is one of the regions with the highest endowment. This calls for a reconsideration of resource-based development. Ambitious countries are moving toward high-value activities and more diversified economies to continue moving up the development ladder. In this sense, the resurgence of industrial policy can correct market failures and lead to the implementation of mission-oriented policies. This document analyzes opportunities to design and implement integrated policies through a revised taxonomy of mining-related policies, applying it to Australia, South Africa, and Chile. The mining sector has been a fertile field, characterized by high technology niches, growth, and innovation. Demand and supply policies can shape the path for development within the sector and across the economy due to the potential of vertical and horizontal linkages.
Farmers’ involvement in capital markets investment as an alternative source of funding for agriculture in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Fasina OO
Published: January 2022

Farming in Nigeria largely takes place in peasant and small scale physical labour-fed farms where productivity diminishes with age. Given depleting productivity accounted for by loss of agility due to advancement in age and general insufficiency of capital, avenues capable of sufficiently salvaging this dearth must, therefore, be explored. The study examined farmers’ involvement in the capital markets as an alternative funding source for agricultural activities in Ondo State of Nigeria. It specifically examined farmers’ awareness of the capital markets as well as the influence of their socioeconomic characteristics on their involvement in the capital market. Using a random sampling technique, a well structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 90 farmers selected for the study. Descriptive statistics like frequency tables were used to present the results of the study while the chi square analysis was used to test the study hypothesis. Results revealed that majority of respondents were males (86.7%). Nearly all were married (96.6%) and above 40 years of age (84.4%). Majority (82.2%) had one form of formal education or the other. Those with farming experience over 10years were 63.3%. Only thirty six percent of the farmers were aware of capital markets investment while only 8% actually had investment in the capital markets. The study also found that agricultural extension services had never disseminated any information on the capital market. A major constraint to respondents’ investment was lack of adequate information. At p ≤ 0.05, chi square analysis revealed that age of the farmers, their level of education, farming experience and awareness of capital markets investment were significantly associated with their investment in the capital market. The study recommended that agricultural extension agents should be mobilised to develop and disseminate information on the capital markets to farmers. Stock brokers should also visit farmer groups for enlightenment campaigns.
Świadomość ryzyka wynikającego z procesu umasowienia szkolnictwa wyższego i sposoby radzenia sobie z nim – perspektywa studencka
Authors: Rutkowski Mateusz
Published: January 2022

Jednym z kluczowych problemów szkolnictwa wyższego, z którym aktualnie boryka się Polska, jest jego umasowienie. Ważne stają się pytania o to, jak studenci funkcjonują w obliczu dotykających ich wad umasowienia szkolnictwa wyższego. Najistotniejsze z nich dotyczy działań, jakich się podejmują, aby przeciwdziałać takiemu stanowi. W celu uzyskania odpowiedzi na powyższe pytanie przeprowadzono badanie jakościowe wśród polskich studentów z uniwersytetów i politechnik, w którym metodą badawczą był klasyczny wywiad swobodny. Po przeprowadzonej analizie materiału badawczego można wyróżnić trzy działania, które stosują studenci, aby przeciwdziałać ryzykom, a są to kolejno: zdobywanie dodatkowego doświadczenia zawodowego, ciągłe dokształcanie się przy pomocy różnych kursów oraz przebranżawianie się.
"Why are you single, baby?" Reasons for being single based on a Brazilian research
Authors: Andrade Darlane Silva Vieira , Hita Maria Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Single people are often asked about the reasons for non-marriage, in a context where, despite several changes in the field of intimacy, adults are still expected to marry. Based on a thesis study on the subject of singleness in Brazil, in the city of Salvador, Bahia, this text presents the main reasons for singleness, declared by single middle-class adults who live alone in this city. The study used a feminist perspective, with the category gender as the basis for data analysis, in an intersectional way with social class, race, generation, sexuality and territoriality. It used mixed methods with a combination of instruments: questionnaire, focus groups, biographical interviews, and field observations. The findings collaborate to observe gender differences and closeness in reasons for singleness: relational reasons prevailing for women and being single as a choice for men.
Znaczenie pojęcia intymności i prawa do jej poszanowania w świetle doświadczeń rodzących kobiet
Authors: Dzwonkowska-Godula Krystyna
Published: January 2022

Przedmiotem zainteresowania w niniejszym artykule jest intymność w warunkach porodu – jak jest ona odczuwana przez rodzące, co decyduje o tym, że narodziny dziecka są dla nich intymnym wydarzeniem, co jest naruszeniem ich intymności. Zrealizowano badanie jakościowe, oparte na analizie opowieści porodowych, zebranych i upublicznionych przez Fundację Rodzić po Ludzku. Punktem wyjścia dla analizy były ustalenia, jak w języku polskim rozumiane jest pojęcie intymności, jakie ma ona znaczenie w procesach interakcji społecznych i komunikacji, z odczuwaniem jakich emocji wiąże się jej naruszenie, a także jak określa się ją i chroni w polskim prawodawstwie, w tym w przepisach określających prawa pacjenta. Przybliżono także wyniki badań realizacji prawa do intymności, poszanowania godności i podmiotowości w polskich placówkach położniczych. Analizując narracje kobiet, w których dzieliły się one swoimi przeżyciami i refleksjami dotyczącymi porodów, a także pobytów w szpitalu w związku z poronieniem, przyjęto, że wskaźnikiem naruszenia/poszanowania ich intymności są ich odczucia, wyrażane w opowieściach emocje, sposób opowiadania o doświadczeniu. Analiza porodowych opowieści pozwoliła na ustalenie, że intymność w czasie porodu wiąże się z poczuciem kontroli kobiety nad dostępem innych do jej ciała, jej wiedzą i zgodą dotyczącą czynności i medycznych interwencji, ingerujących w jej cielesność i przebieg porodu. Kluczowe jest także poszanowanie emocji, potrzeb, oczekiwań rodzącej przez personel medyczny, traktowanie jej z szacunkiem, jako osoby, podmiotu, pierwszoplanowej postaci w procesie porodu. Uwzględnianie i ochrona granic intymności jednostki wiąże się z uznaniem jej autonomii i sprawstwa oraz poszanowaniem jej osobistej godności.
The social definition of love and its role in maintaining and intimate relationship. Typology of attitudes towards love
Authors: Czernecka Julita
Published: January 2022

The goal of this paper is to increase knowledge about the social definition of love in the context of an intimate relationship. The empirical material analyzed comes from Focus Group Interviews, Bulletin Board Discussions online, and representative research conducted using the CAWI method. The research was an exploratory study, and the analyzed material presents one thematic area concerning how participants understand love and the importance they attribute to it in the duration of an intimate relationship. The first part of the paper will present thematic areas related to the attempt to understand what love is that were indicated by the respondents at the stage of qualitative research. The second part of the article will present the typology of attitudes towards love on the basis of the analysis of data derived from quantitative research. The following types were distinguished: optimists in love, waiting for love, rationalists in love, distanced from love.
Students’ Views on the use of Augmented Reality Technology in Teaching Science
Authors: Sontay Gokhan , Karamustafaoğlu Orhan
Published: January 2022

As a result of recent technological developments, many mobile applications used in the educational environments have emerged. One of these applications is the augmented reality technology used in smartphones and tablets. Many augmented reality applications are now prepared with 4D-technology and are employed to transform virtual environments into real life situations. In this study, we examined the views of 6th-grade students about using augmented reality technology in teaching science. Designed as a phenomenological research from the qualitative research methods, this study was conducted with nine 6th-grade volunteer students studying in a secondary school in the district of Göynücek in Amasya Province during the 2017-2018 academic year. The data were collected through interviews, using a semi-structured form. We analyzed the data set, by applying descriptive analysis method using NVivo 9 program. Categories emerged from the student views. We modeled the qualitative data in terms of these categories. Based on the research findings it was concluded that the augmented reality activities carried out provided permanent learning about the systems in our body and increased positive attitudes and interests towards the lessons, according to the students' opinions. We concluded that the science teaching with the use of augmented reality technology will provide positive learning outcomes on students. Further, teachers should receive and be provided with professional development on augmented reality to be able to use it more efficiently. This study is expected to contribute to researchers and practitioners in the future.
Commercialisation Pathways and Climate Change: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Tanzania
Authors: Mutabazi Khamaldin , Boniface Gideon
Published: January 2022

The semi-arid drylands of central Tanzania have been characterised by low and erratic rainfall coupled with high evapotranspiration. Up until now, farmers of these local dryland farming systems have been able to cope with these climate conditions. However, climate change has led to new weather patterns that overwhelm traditional dryland farming practices and re-shape farmers’ commercialisation pathways. This paper explored the pathways in which smallholder farmers in Singida region in Tanzania engage with markets and commercialise in the face of climate change. The paper also examined how farm-level decisions on commercial crops and the commercialisation pathways they are part of, affect current and future resilience to climate change. Climate resilient commercialisation of smallholder dryland agriculture remains the centrepiece of inclusive sustainable development.
Building Back Better: Sustainable Development Diplomacy in the Pandemic Era
Authors: Gu Jing , Green Danielle , Yu Jiadan
Published: January 2022

This report critically examines the nature of the distinction between traditional inter-state diplomacy and sustainable development diplomacy. It then sets out the institutional changes which are necessary for the achievement of sustainable development diplomacy. Multi-stakeholder partnerships have been identified as a key means of implementation for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given the increasing centrality of the United States (US)–China relationship in global development cooperation, understanding the modalities of their engagement may provide useful insights into how partnerships may be cultivated and deepened to realise the SDGs. The Covid-19 pandemic and climate change have demonstrated the interconnection of the world, as well as the interconnection of challenges of the world. Sustainable development diplomacy is needed now more than ever to prioritise development strategies of different states and work on common shared challenges. Sustainable development diplomacy can only work when different actors recognise the value of the common goals and are willing to make an effort to accomplish them. Global sustainable development diplomacy requires a stronger policy agenda and greater cohesion. This report explores the idea of sustainable development diplomacy and, through two sectoral case studies, explores the nature, function, and rationale for interactive engagement. The form and structure of multi-actor relationships are a response to complex, trans-border political, social, economic, and environmental challenges which require a more nuanced and varied management approach than narrowly defined state-led development. However, the power dynamics, the modalities, and experiences of engagement that underpin these dynamic relationships, remain understudied, especially with regard to their impact on sustainable development.
Incorporating Gender Perspective in Peace Operations since 2018
Authors: Avis William
Published: January 2022

This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on progress on incorporating gender perspectives in peace operations since 2018, including the deployment of female peacekeepers, and the emerging issues in this field. Key messages that emerge from this review include: The focus on women’s participation in peace processes has led to several initiatives and efforts to promote increased representation, the multidimensional nature of the UN’s women, peace, and security (WPS) agenda is illustrative of the complexity of contemporary peace operations. The new and emergent issues in National Action Plans (NAP) on Women, Peace and Security. Critiques of Resolution 1325 suggest that while the resolution provides some examples of what a gender perspective means in the context of a peace agreement, it does not define what it means to apply a gender perspective to peace processes. Gender perspectives are largely absent from peace negotiations. Despite the evolution of this agenda, most contemporary peace processes are still top-down, elite-driven exercises that contribute to marginalisation and exclusion. Whilst there is high-level commitment towards the strategy and what it aims to achieve, institutional barriers, assumptions, and politics undermine its implementation. Key challenges identified in the literature, related to incorporating Gender Perspectives in Peace Operations include. Buy-in from leadership, Mandate and context, Gender and expertise, Terminology, Under-representation of women in peacekeeping. Meaningful participation, Gap between norms and provisions, and Practical/logistical/training issues in implementing the WPS agenda.
People’s Relational Agency in Confronting Exclusion in Rural South India
Authors: Arora, Saurabh Arora, Saurabh , Menon Ajit , Vijayabaskar M. , Sharma Divya , Gajendran V.
Published: January 2022

Social exclusion is considered critical for understanding poverty, livelihoods, inequality and political participation in rural India. Studies show how exclusion is produced through relations of power associated with gender, caste, religion and ethnicity. Studies also document how people confront their exclusion. We use insights from these studies – alongside science and technology studies – and rely on life history narratives of ‘excluded’ people from rural Tamil Nadu, to develop a new approach to agency as constituted by two contrasting ways of relating: control and care. These ways of relating are at once social and material. They entangle humans with each other and with material worlds of nature and technology, while being mediated by structures such as social norms and cultural values. Relations of control play a central role in constituting exclusionary forms of agency. In contrast, relations of care are central to the agency of resistance against exclusion and of livelihood-building by the ‘excluded’. Relations can be transformed through agency in uncertain ways that are highly sensitive to trans-local contexts. We offer examples of policy-relevant questions that our approach can help to address for apprehending social exclusion in rural India and elsewhere.
Shahadah 'Ilmy; Integrating Fiqh and Astronomy Paradigm in Determining The Arrival of Lunar Months in Indonesia
Authors: Muh. Arif Royyani  , Mufid Abdul , M. Ihtirozun Ni’am  , Alfian Qodri Azizi  , Achmad Azis Abidin
Published: January 2022

Formulating the fixed methodology for determining the beginning of Ramadan month and Islamic Feast in Indonesia is still ongoing. This article attempts to offer an integration between sharia and scientific views through 1) the concept of shahadah (witnessing) in the paradigm of fiqh and astronomy, and 2) the integration of those paradigms in determining the beginning of lunar months, particularly Ramadan and Syawal. This study uses qualitative methods in gaining the data then analyzes it using the approach of Miles & Huberman on interdisciplinary study. The findings of this research are as follows: 1) the concept of shahadah in the paradigm of fiqh is based on religious vows and factual evidence, while the astronomical paradigm perceives it from the certainty of external factors (weather, climate, environment, etc.). 2) Integration of those two paradigms results in better methods. It can turn the shahadah into the quality of qat'i (fixed) while the astronomic perspective gains more legitimacy. The integration is therefore called shahadah-'ilmi which potentially integrates the criteria of crescent visibility (imkan al-rukyah) in Indonesia to minimize the common occurrence on differences in determining those days. (Penetapan awal bulan Ramadhan dan Hari Raya di Indonesia masih terus dirumuskan metodologinya. Artikel ini menawarkan integrasi antara sudut pandang syari’ah dan saintifik melalui kajian atas 1) konsep syahadah dalam paradigma fiqh dan astronomi, 2) integrasi paradigma fiqh dan astronomi dalam menetapkan awal bulan Islam, utamanya Ramadhan dan Syawal. Penelitian ini menggali data dengan metode kualitatif kemudian menganalisisnya dengan pendekatan Miles & Huberman tentang kajian interdisipliner. Temuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Konsep shahadah dalam paradigma fiqh adalah penglihatan yang disertai dengan sumpah dan bukti faktual, sementara dalam paradigma astronomi, shahadah didasarkan pada kepastian ukuran dari faktor–faktor eksternal meliputi cuaca, iklim dan lingkungan. 2) Integrasi dua paradigma tersebut menghasilkan metode yang lebih baik dalam penentuan awal Ramadhan dan Syawal. Shahadah dalam sudut pandang fiqh berubah menjadi qath’i (pasti), sementara hasil persaksian astronomi semakin memperoleh legitimasi. Integrasi kedua paradigma melahirkan konsep shahadah-'ilmi yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan tampaknya hilal (rukyah hilal) awal Ramadhan dan Syawal di Indonesia sehingga perbedaan yang kerap terjadi dalam menentukan dua awal bulan tersebut dapat diminalisir.)
Study of Electronic Properties of GaAs Semiconductor Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Putra Fikri Abdi , Purwandari Endhah , Nugroho Bintoro S.
Published: January 2022

The properties of GaAs material in zinc blende type was calculated using Hiroshima Linear Plane Wave program based on the Density Functional Theory. This calculation aims to determine electronic properties of GaAs material are based on Density of States and energy band structure. This simulation’s results are DOS shows that hybridization of s orbital of Ga with s orbital of As provides covalent properties. The simulation of energy band structure from GaAs material indicates that semiconductor properties of GaAs is direct band gap. The energy band gap results obtained for GaAs is 0.80 eV. The computational result of the energy band gap calculation form HiLAPW has better accuracy and prediction with good agreement within reasonable acceptable errors when compared to some other DFT programs and the results of the experimental obtained.
Fatores de Risco Associados à Recusa de Notas de Transferência e Vales Cirurgia: O Caso da Região Centro em Portugal
Authors: Cruz Salomé , Quintal Carlota , Antunes Patrícia
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Em Portugal, a recusa de Notas de Transferência e Vales Cirurgia é elevada, dificultando o cumprimento dos tempos máximos de resposta garantidos para cirurgias eletivas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a evolução de notas e vales emitidos/recusados para o período compreendido entre o terceiro trimestre de 2016 e o quarto trimestre de 2019 e os fatores de risco associados à sua recusa, na Região Centro, em Portugal.Material e Métodos: Os dados provêm da base de dados de notas/vales cancelados e da lista de inscritos para cirurgia a 31 de dezembro de 2019. Na análise dos fatores de risco recorremos à regressão logística múltipla.Resultados: A emissão de notas/vales aumentou após 2018 e as taxas de recusa de transferência mantiveram-se acima dos 55% a partir do terceiro trimestre de 2018. A chance de recusa foi maior para idades superiores a 55 anos (OR = 1,136; IC = 1,041 – 1,240; OR = 1,095; IC = 1,005 – 1,194; OR = 1,098; IC = 1,002 – 1,203, para as faixas etárias 55 - 64, 65 - 74 e 75 - 84, respetivamente) para a cirurgia convencional, quando comparada com ambulatório (OR = 2,498; IC = 2,343 – 2,663) e para a especialidade de Ortopedia, quando comparada com Cirurgia Geral (OR = 1,123; IC = 1,037 – 1,217). A chance de recusa variou também entre hospitais (por exemplo OR = 3,853; IC = 3,610 – 4,113; OR = 3,600; IC = 3,171 – 4,087; OR = 2,751; IC = 3,383 – 3,175 e OR = 1,337; IC= 1,092 – 1,637, para os hospitais de origem identificados como HO_2, HO_7, HO_4 e HO_6, respetivamente).Conclusão: Neste estudo confirmou-se que a emissão de notas de transferência/vales cirurgia aumentou após a redução legal dos tempos máximos de resposta garantidos em 2018 e que as taxas de recusa de transferência vinham já a registar uma tendência de aumento desde 2016, tendo-se mantido acima dos 55% a partir do terceiro trimestre de 2018. Alguns fatores para os quais se encontrou uma associação positiva com a recusa são a idade, a cirurgia convencional (em comparação com ambulatório) e a especialidade de Ortopedia (em comparação com Cirurgia Geral).
Repensar el desarrollo a partir de la igualdad
Authors: Bárcena Alicia , Cimoli Mario
Published: January 2022

En el marco del número especial de El Trimestre Económico, este artículo discute el contexto latinoamericano con base en el pensamiento cepalino en relación con una propuesta de desarrollo sostenible. Analiza las tres crisis de la actualidad —económica, ambiental y social— y los desafíos derivados de éstas con base en el modelo centro-periferia, así como en sus determinantes, como el desarrollo tecnológico, los patrones de especialización y las dinámicas de empleos y salarios. A partir de este análisis, se argumenta que es necesario articular diferentes tipos de política en una estrategia de desarrollo sostenible.
A LabVIEW Instrument Aimed for the Research on Brain-Computer Interface by Enabling the Acquisition, Processing, and the Neural Networks based Classification of the Raw EEG Signal Detected by the Embedded NeuroSky Biosensor
Authors: Rușanu Oana Andreea
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes several LabVIEW applications to accomplish the data acquisition, processing, features extraction and real-time classification of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal detected by the embedded sensor of the NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile headset. The LabVIEW applications are aimed at the implementation of a Brain-Computer Interface system, which is necessary to people with neuromotor disabilities. It is analyzed a novel approach regarding the preparation and automatic generation of the EEG dataset by identifying the most relevant multiple mixtures between selected EEG rhythms (both time and frequency domains of raw signal, delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and extracted statistical features (mean, median, standard deviation, route mean square, Kurtosis coefficient and others). The acquired raw EEG signal is processed and segmented into temporal sequences corresponding to the detection of the multiple voluntary eye-blinks EEG patterns. The main LabVIEW application accomplished the optimal real-time artificial neural networks techniques for the classification of the EEG temporal sequences corresponding to the four states: 0 - No Eye-Blink Detected; 1 - One Eye-Blink Detected; 2 – Two Eye-Blinks Detected and 3 – Three Eye-Blinks Detected. Nevertheless, the application can be used to classify other EEG patterns corresponding to different cognitive tasks, since the whole functionality and working principle could estimate the labels associated with various classes.
Immunization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Broodstock With Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) Inactivated Vaccines Elicits Protective Antibody and Passive Maternal Antibody Transfer
Authors: Mai Thao Thu , Kayansamruaj Pattanapon , Soontara Chayanit , Kerddee Pattarawit , Nguyen Dinh-Hung , Senapin Saengchan , Costa Janina Z. , Pozo Jorge del- , Thompson Kim D. , Rodkhum Channarong , Dong Ha Thanh
Published: January 2022

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV), a major pathogen of farmed tilapia, is known to be vertically transmitted. Here, we hypothesize that Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock immunized with a TiLV inactivated vaccine can mount a protective antibody response and passively transfer maternal antibodies to their fertilized eggs and larvae. To test this hypothesis, three groups of tilapia broodstock, each containing 4 males and 8 females, were immunized with either a heat-killed TiLV vaccine (HKV), a formalin-killed TiLV vaccine (FKV) (both administered at 3.6 ×106 TCID50 per fish), or with L15 medium. Booster vaccination with the same vaccines was given 3-weeks later, and mating took place 1 week thereafter. Broodstock blood sera, fertilized eggs and larvae were collected from 6-14 weeks post-primary vaccination for measurement of TiLV-specific antibody (anti-TiLV IgM) levels. In parallel, passive immunization using sera from the immunized female broodstock was administered to naïve tilapia juveniles to assess if antibodies induced in immunized broodstock were protective. The results showed that anti-TiLV IgM was produced in the majority of both male and female broodstock vaccinated with either the HKV or FKV and that and that these antibodies could be detected in the fertilized eggs and larvae from vaccinated broodstock. Higher levels of maternal antibody were observed in fertilized eggs from broodstock vaccinated with HKV than those vaccinated with FKV. Low levels of TiLV-IgM were detected in some of the 1-3-day old larvae but were undetectable in 7-14-day old larvae from the vaccinated broodstock, indicating a short persistence of TiLV-IgM in larvae. Moreover, passive immunization proved that antibodies elicited by TiLV vaccination were able to confer 85% to 90% protection against TiLV challenge in naïve juvenile tilapia. In conclusion, immunization of tilapia broodstock with TiLV vaccines could be a potential strategy for the prevention of TiLV in tilapia fertilized eggs and larvae, with HKV appearing to be more promising than FKV for maternal vaccination.
Development of Modify Random Waypoint Mobility Model of Routing Protocol for the Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
Authors: Vyas Ajay , Suthar Margam
Published: January 2022

Mobility models are used to evaluated the network protocols of the ad hoc network using the simulation. The random waypoint model is a model for mobility which is usually used for performance evaluation of ad-hoc mobile network. Mobile nodes have the dynamic mobility in the ad hoc network so the mobility model plays an important role to evaluate the protocol performance.In this article, we developed modify random waypoint mobility (MRWM) model based on random waypoint for the mobile ad hoc network. In this article, the comparative analysis of modifying random waypoint mobility and random waypoint model on the ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been done for large wireless ad hoc network (100 nodes) with the random mobile environment for the 1800s simulation time. To enhance the confidence on the protocol widespread simulations were accomplished under heavy traffic (i.e. 80 nodes) condition. The proposed model protocol has been investigated with the performance metrics: throughput; packet delivery ratio; packet dropping ratio; the end to end delay and normalized routing overhead. The obtained results revealed that proposed modify random waypoint mobility model reduces the mobility as compared to the random waypoint mobility model and it is trace is more realist.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Solvents on the Efficacy of Neonicotinoid Insecticides Against Malaria Vector Populations Across Africa
Authors: Tchouakui Magellan , ASSATSE Tatiane , J. Mugenzi Leon M. , D. Menze Benjamin , Nguiffo-Nguete Daniel , Tchapga Williams , Kayondo Jonathan , Watsenga Francis , Z. Manzambi Emile , Osae Michael , Wondji Charles S.
Published: January 2022

Background: New insecticides with novel modes of action such as neonicotinoids have recently been recommended for public health use by WHO. Resistance monitoring of such novel insecticides requires a robust protocol to monitor the development of resistance in natural populations. In this study, we comparatively used three different solvents to assess the susceptibility of malaria vectors to neonicotinoids across Africa.Methods: Mosquitoes were collected from May to July 2021 from three agricultural settings in Cameroon (Njombe-Penja, Nkolondom, and Mangoum), the Democratic Republic of Congo (Ndjili-Brasserie), Ghana (Atatam), and Uganda (Mayuge). Using the CDC bottle test, we compared the effect of three different solvents (ethanol, acetone, acetone+MERO) on the efficacy of neonicotinoids against Anopheles gambiae s.l. In addition, TaqMan assays were used to genotype key pyrethroid-resistant markers in An. gambiae and to evaluate potential cross-resistance between pyrethroids and clothianidin.Results: Lower mortalities were observed for all populations when using absolute ethanol or acetone alone as solvent (11.4- 51.9% mortality for Nkolondom, 31.7- 48.2% for Mangoum, 34.6- 56.1% for Mayuge, 39.4- 45.6% for Atatam, 83.7- 89.3% for Congo and 71.05- 95.9% for Njombe pendja) compared to acetone + MERO for which 100% mortality was observed for all the populations. Synergist assays (PBO, DEM and DEF) revealed a significant increase of mortality suggesting that metabolic resistance mechanisms are contributing to the reduced susceptibility. A negative association was observed between the L1014F-kdr mutation and clothianidin resistance with a greater frequency of homozygote resistant mosquitoes among the dead than among survivors (OR=0.5; P=0.02). However, the I114T-GSTe2 was in contrast significantly associated with a greater ability to survive clothianidin with a higher frequency of homozygote resistant among survivors than other genotypes (OR=2.10; P=0.013). Conclusions: This study revealed a contrasted susceptibility pattern depending on the solvents with ethanol/acetone resulting in lower mortality, thus possibly overestimating resistance, whereas the addition of MERO consistently increased the efficacy of neonicotinoids in terms of percentage mortalities and time to final mortality. The addition of MERO could however prevent the early detection of resistance development. We therefore recommend monitoring susceptibility using both acetone alone and acetone+MERO (8-10µg/ml for clothianidin) to capture the accurate resistance profile of the mosquito populations.
SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO BASADO EN ESTÁNDARES DE ALTA CALIDAD PARA UN PROGRAMA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors:   Universidad  Libre, CASTAÑO CRISTIAN , QUINTERO GERALDIN , DUARTE EDGAR
Published: January 2022

Knowledge management is a useful tool for the competitiveness of many organizations. The higher education sector is particularly oriented towards adherence to this type of schemes, since its nature implies constant institutional learning based not only on its own experience but also on the exchange of knowledge in the academic environment. In Colombia, higher education institutions perceive an opportunity for improvement in the high quality standards of the National Accreditation Council, which requires an infrastructure oriented to the strategic knowledge management. This article presents the experience of implementing a prototype of a knowledge management system in a higher education undergraduate program. It describes the phases of the process and its relationship with the technological platform that supported the development. The conclusions highlight the advantages of the exercise, emphasizing institutional learning, the importance of the technological platform and, finally, reflections on knowledge management as a fundamental axis of accreditation processes.
GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO, ACTIVOS INTANGIBLES Y CAPITALES INTELECTUALES EN LA ERA DE COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, GARCÍA  LIRIOS CRUZ
Published: January 2022

The psychological studies of organizations, about human capital, have shown that this factor increases to the extent that the environmental demands are intensified, but it is the intellectual trait that acquires the greatest value when considered as the main intangible asset. of an organization. In this way, the objective of this paper was to expose the theoretical, conceptual and empirical frameworks related to human capital in order to establish discussion scenarios related to the value chain of an organization based on its intangible assets. A documentary study was carried out with a non-probabilistic selection of sources indexed to repositories, considering the year of publication and relationship between the concepts of organization and human capital. There are lines of research around empathy, trust, commitment, satisfaction and happiness as inherent factors of human capital as an intellectual asset of an organization.
Autonomous learning features: A case study in an Indonesian ESP classroom
Authors: Budianto Langgeng , Mason Andrea R
Published: January 2022

This article explores autonomous learning features and effective strategies for meeting the needs of the autonomous learner.  A 4-month ethnographic study examined the learning features of three non-English major undergraduates enrolled in an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course at an Indonesian university. The study also explored the students’ and teacher’s understanding of how the ESP classroom can benefit the autonomous learner.  Data gathered through interviews, focus group discussions, and classroom observation indicate four key autonomous learning features: 1) a willingness to accept responsibility; 2) dedicated planning; 3) implementing effective strategies; and 4) monitoring progress.  The findings also indicate that a variety of scaffolded and authentic learning materials combined with a flexible and creative teaching approach enhance autonomous learning. We also address how our results are applicable to most educational situations as autonomous learning is not limited to the language classroom.

HIGHLIGHTS:

The three subjects indicated different processes of autonomy such as monitoring learning progress using a specific task, holistic approach, and regular reflection strategies.

Adopting and promoting a spirit of independent learning provides ESP learners with a supportive framework to develop and practice autonomous learning habits

The ESP learners not only required to learn general English but also to learn specific English (their content knowledge in English) as their major. This is the novelty of the study. Therefore, this study provides specific add to the theory of autonomous learning.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, DEXTROSE EQUIVALENT, TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS, AND VISCOSITY OF MALTED RED RICE MILK AT DIFFERENT ENZYME CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Pratama Yoga , Anggraeni Dina Yulia , Rachma Yasmin Aulia , Surja Lita Lusiana , Susanti Siti
Published: January 2022

Rice milk is a plant-based milk-like product that can be an alternative for people who have an allergy to bovine milk and lactose intolerance. Malting and enzymatic hydrolysis can bring out the natural sweetness of the rice milk product and thus minimize the use of sweeteners. The current research aimed to determine the total value of dissolved solids, viscosity, dextrose equivalent, and antioxidant activity in malted red rice milk with the addition of glucoamylase at different concentrations. The red rice was malted for 48 hours before drying and milling. The resulted malt powder was then diluted and added with glucoamylase enzyme at the concentration of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Enzymatic hydrolysis occurred at 60°C for 3 hours. Completely Randomized Design was used for the parameters of total soluble solids, viscosity, and dextrose equivalent while the antioxidant activity parameter was analyzed descriptively. The result showed that the addition of glucoamylase significantly (p<0.05) increased the total soluble solids, viscosity, and dextrose equivalent. The highest values were 9.960 °Brix, 1620 cP, and 1.872 for total dissolved solids, viscosity, and dextrose equivalent, respectively. Increasing antioxidant activity was also observed from 6.094% at 0% glucoamylase to 10.762% at 3% glucoamylase addition.
An Evidence Combination Rule Based on New Weight Assignment Scheme
Authors: wang yucui , Wang Jian , Huang Mengjie , Wang Minghui
Published: January 2022

Conflicting evidence and fuzzy evidence have a significant impact on the results of evidence combination in the application of evidence theory. However, the existing weight assignment methods can hardly reflect the significant influence of fuzzy evidence on the combination results. Therefore, a new method for assigning evidence weights and the corresponding combination rule are proposed. The proposed weight assignment method strengthens the consideration of fuzzy evidence and introduces the Wasserstein distance to compute the clarity degree of evidence which is an important reference index for weight assignment in the proposed combination rule and can weaken the effect of ambiguous evidence effectively. In the experiments, it's firstly verified that the impact of fuzzy evidence on the combination results is significant; therefore it should be fully considered in the weight assignment process. Then, the proposed combination rule with new weight assignment method is tested on a set of numerical arithmetic and Iris datasets. Compared with four existing methods, the results show that the proposed method has higher decision accuracy, F1 score, better computational convergence, and more reliable fusion results as well.