bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPATIBILITY OF VISIBILITY AND HARMONY OF PICTOGRAM -FOCUS ON RESTROOM MARK-
Authors: Yuta Iwasaki , Yuji Matsumoto , I-kang Li Andrew , Ryusuke Naka
Published: April 2020

In recent years, there are various design signs to guide people. In the signature "pictogram" which enables guidance without using words is often used. However, when looking into the building, the signature using the pictogram is given its own design to match with the indoor space, and signs which are difficult for the user to understand are distributed. It can be thought that these pictograms are being redesigned to adapt to architecture. Therefore, the research aimed for a sign plan which is easy for users to understand, and thought that standard pictograms harmonizing with various buildings are necessary. Visibility is important for pictograms, and in this research, the objective is to study the conditions of pictograms that compatibility of visibility and harmony.For reference to the research conducted for each generation, The author conducted an experiment using the pictogram of the Japanese Industrial Standard toilet mark, which had high recognition among all generations. The author divide the pictograms into pictograms for men and women whereby the existing designs filled with color and new designs with only contour lines are more harmonious using textures of concrete, brick, white wall, wood pictograms were synthesized. The author compared with that pictograms . As a result, The author received responses that the design of only the outline of the pictogram for men and the pictogram for women is more harmonious in all scenes. Among them, both male pictograms and female pictograms showed significant differences in the two scenes, and a significant trend was observed in the remaining two scenes. The author conducted  experiments on the width of the contour line using 4 scenes images same as comparison and study the pictograms of the line widths with the greatest thickness. As a result, there was not much difference in the width of the width of the contour line of the pictogram in all scenes of male pictograms and female pictograms. The author discussed the effect on visibility and harmony by shape and color as future prospect.
- Ir a presentación...
Authors: Prud’homme Jean François , Olmeda Juan C.
Published: April 2020

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Recuperación que también fue final
Authors: Meyer Lorenzo
Published: April 2020

Este artículo presenta un análisis general sobre la presidencia de Enrique Peña Nieto, que accedió al poder en 2012 como resultado de la victoria del pri luego de doce años de gobiernos panistas. Desde el inicio se destaca un elemento central y paradójico que define al sexenio: el pasaje de un arranque avasallante, con el “Pacto por México” y las reformas que surgieron de éste como emblema, a un final en donde la popularidad del presidente cayó a niveles muy bajos y su partido sufrió una derrota sin precedentes. El artículo considera las diferentes “reformas estructurales” derivadas del Pacto, examinando los principales cambios que promovieron, así como la dinámica política que definió su proceso de implementación. Por otro lado, se hace hincapié en dos grandes factores que explicaron el deterioro de la imagen presidencial y del gobierno: uno, los numerosos casos de corrupción en los que se vieron implicados no sólo el presidente y su familia, sino numerosos gobernadores de su partido; y dos, la escalada de la violencia criminal y el fracaso de la política orientada a combatirla.
Partidos y sistema de partidos en las elecciones mexicanas de 2018
Authors: Prud’homme Jean François
Published: April 2020

Este artículo analiza los cambios que afectaron a los partidos y al sistema de partidos mexicanos durante el sexenio del presidente Enrique Peña Nieto. Durante el periodo 2012-2018, asistimos a la erosión y, posteriormente, al derrumbe del sistema de tres grandes partidos, formado y consolidado durante el proceso de apertura política en México. Esa transformación puede apreciarse a partir de la evolución de las preferencias electorales, las crisis internas de los partidos y las modificaciones a la legislación electoral.
La reconfiguración territorial de las fuerzas políticas mexicanas: geografía de la fragmentación, el colapso y la recomposición del sistema de partidos (2012-2018)
Authors: Sonnleitner Willibald
Published: April 2020

En el ámbito electoral, el saldo del sexenio pasado se caracterizó por una reconfiguración radical de las fuerzas políticas, tras el colapso del sistema de partidos que estructuró la política mexicana desde la transición democrática. El opositor Movimiento Regeneración Nacional (Morena) se nutrió del hartazgo de los partidos gobernantes y se tradujo en un contundente voto de sanción. Con un enfoque espacial, esta investigación analiza los tres procesos que convergieron para producir una nueva geografía electoral en 2018: la reconfiguración socioterritorial de las fuerzas políticas; la recomposición de las coaliciones presidenciales y el voto cruzado masivo que benefició a Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
La persistencia de una idea: el nacionalismo revolucionario. Del PRI a López Obrador
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Rogelio
Published: April 2020

El presente ensayo se propone mostrar cómo el nacionalismo revolucionario fue durante décadas el fundamento de las instituciones y tareas del sistema posrevolucionario y de la sociedad mexicana. Esas ideas, que se convirtieron en programas de gobierno y en instituciones para aplicarlos, dieron resultados que caracterizaron al Estado y su función, así como al partido dominante, parte integral de este desarrollo institucional. La transformación más profunda de estos principios y del Estado mismo comenzó con la sustitución de la política económica y el cambio consecuente de la elite en el poder, iniciada por el gobierno del presidente Miguel de la Madrid. El nacionalismo revolucionario, no obstante, se mantuvo presente en la crítica a los gobiernos, lo mismo del pan que del pri, desde 1988, y constituye el respaldo social que dio el triunfo a Andrés Manuel López Obrador en 2018.
Del “momento mexicano” a la realidad de la violencia político – criminal
Authors: Serrano Mónica
Published: April 2020

Para examinar el legado de inseguridad y violencia del periodo presidencial de Enrique Peña Nieto en el contexto de una crisis múltiple, se parte de la relación entre democratización y seguridad en el marco de la transición política, así como de la historia cercana del país. El análisis del perfil de las víctimas de la violencia criminal no sólo permite discernir su carácter discriminado, sino penetrar en su lógica subyacente. Además de identificar el narcotráfico y el crimen organizado como motores de esta violencia, el estudio incursiona también en sus efectos para el Estado mexicano. En la última parte del texto, se revisa la tragedia humanitaria resultante de este legado y sus repercusiones nacionales e internacionales para, finalmente, evaluar las consecuencias de distinta índole para México.
La reforma energética (2013-2014) a la luz de la nueva legislación sobre los impactos sociales de los proyectos
Authors: Rousseau Isabelle
Published: April 2020

En el marco de la reforma energética, en 2014, las leyes de Hidrocarburos y de la Industria Eléctrica incluyeron herramientas para prevenir, mitigar o reparar los posibles daños que la presencia de la infraestructura de los megaproyectos del sector puede causar en las comunidades o los pueblos. Este esfuerzo de regulación de la gestión social de los proyectos responde a la promoción del desarrollo sostenible del sector, que combina tanto la seguridad energética del país (disponibilidad de productos energéticos a precios adecuados) como la gobernanza de los proyectos (otorgar certeza jurídica a las inversiones públicas o privadas, pero también proteger los derechos de las comunidades). Se analizarán aquí tanto las aportaciones de las nuevas normas como sus posibles deficiencias.
STUDI KASUS : UPAYA PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI RUANG ASOKA RSUD DR. HARJONO PONOROGO
Authors: Tania Siska Alif , Maghfirah Sholihatul , Munawaroh Siti
Published: April 2020

Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit menular langsung yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycrobacterium Tuberculosis yang menyerang paru dan organ tubuh lainnya. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah menerapkan asuhan keperawatan pasien tuberkulosis paru dengan masalah keperawatan ketidakseimbangan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh. Asuhan keperawatan pada penderita tuberkulosis paru dengan masalah keperawatan kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh dilakukan di Ruang Asoka RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo selama 3 hari pada bulan Agustus 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah proses keperawatan. Hasil pengkajian didapatkan Tn. T mengalami mual, bibir terasa kering, lidah pahit, dan tidak nafsu makan, makan hanya 6 sendok makan, berat badan 48 kg. Tindakan keperawatan yang dilakukan mengkaji status nutrisi, monitor jumlah nutrisi, berat badan, turgor kulit, mual-muntah, monitor Hemoglobin, Hematokrit, monitor konjungtiva, meningkatkan intake zat besi, meningkatkan intake protein, pemberian informasi tentang nutrisi, pemberian makanan yang terpilih, pemberian terapi farmakologi dan kolaborasi dengan ahli gizi. Asuhan keperawatan ini diharapkan mampu memberikan edukasi tentang penanganan dan pencegahan kekambuhan yang tepat.
EFEKTIFITAS KOMPRES HANGAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TINGKAT NYERI PADA PASIEN POST OPERASI TURP DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSI SITI AISYAH MADIUN
Authors: Dwiningrum Erna , Wahyuni Nurul Sri , Isro'in Laily
Published: April 2020

TURP merupakan penatalaksanaan pasien BPH untuk mengurangi penyumbatan saluran kencing, dengan mengambil jaringan yang menyumbat uretra pars prostatika, tindakan ini akan berdampak nyeri pada pasien. Nyeri merupakan gejala subjektif hanya klien yang dapat mendiskripsikan. Terapi non farmakologi yang digunakanu ntuk mengurangi nyeri pada pasien post operasi TURP yaitu kompres hangat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian. Kompres hangat terhadap perubahan tingkat nyeri pada pasien post operasi TURP di ruang rawat inap RSI Siti Aisyah Madiun. Desain penelitian menggunakan Quasy Eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian one group pre post-test. Populasi semua pasien post operasi TURP, teknik sampling yang digunakan consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 15 responden. Sedang instrument penelitian menggunakan lembaro oservasi. Uji penelitian adalah uji wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian shif sore sebelum dilakukan kompres hangat sebanyak 10 responden (66,7%) nyeri sedang, dan sebanyak 5 responden (33,3%) nyeri berat, setelah dilakukan kompres hanga tsebanyak 10 responden (66,7%) nyeris edang dan 5 responden (33,3%) nyeriringan, dan pada shif malam sebelum dilakukan kompres hangat sebanyak 9 responden (60%) nyeri sedang, 6 responden (40%) nyeriberat, setelah dilakukan kompres hangat sebanyak 11 responden (73,3%) nyeri sedang dan 4 responden (26,7%) nyeri ringan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai ρ = 0,005 (ρ = value < 0,05) pada shif sore dan ρ = 0,008 (ρ = value < 0,05) pada shif malam, sehingga dapat diasumsikan bahwa kompres hangat terbukti efektif menurunkan nyeri pada pasien post operasi TURP. Rekomendasi hasil penelitian kompres hangat dapat dijadikan sebagai tindakan non farmakologi menurunkan tingkat nyeri pada pasien post operasi TURP.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN KELUARGA TENTANG KEJANG DEMAM DENGAN PERILAKU PENANGANAN KEJANG DEMAM SEBELUM DIBAWA KE RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Nasriati Ririn , Verawati Metti
Published: April 2020

Kejang demam merupakan bangkitan kejang karena peningkatan suhu tubuh terjadi < 4 tahun. Memasukkan sendok kedalam mulut, menahan gerakan anak, memberikan selimut tebal, memberikan kopi, merupakan perilaku salah dalam penanganan kejang demam sebelum dibawa ke rumah sakit. Desain penelitian menggunakan korelasi, tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan keluarga tentang kejang demam dengan  perilaku penanganan kejang demam sebelum dibawa ke rumah sakit. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh keluarga yang menunggu anak mengalami kejang demam di rumah sakit umum muhammadiyah ponorogo. Sampling yang digunakan adalah porposive sampling. Sampel penelitian sejumlah 40 responden. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Tehnik analisa data dengan menggunakan Chi-Square nilai p hitung 5,012 dengan taraf signifikan < 0,05. Dari 40 responden, menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan keluarga tentang kejang demam berpengetahuan baik sejumlah 50%, sedangkan perilaku positif dalam penanganan kejang demam yaitu 67%, diuji validitas nilai r hitung > r tabel (0,3044) dan reabilitas nilai signifikan > 0,6. Hasil penelitian adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan keluarga tentang kejang demam dengan perilaku penanganan kejang demam sebelum dibawa ke rumah sakit di ruang anak tumah sakit umum muhammadiyah ponorogo. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar meneliti faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku keluarga dalam penanganan kejang demam.
EFEKTIFITAS TEHNIK BREAST CARE TERHADAP KELANCARAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DENGAN SEKSIO SESAREA
Authors: Setyaningsih Rina , Ernawati Hery , Rahayu Yayuk Dwi
Published: April 2020

Penyebab ketidak lancaran pengeluaran ASI diantaranya  adalah berkuranganya produksi ASI di hari pertama paska melahirkan  disebabkan menurunnya  rangsangan hormon oksitosin dan prolactin yang berperan dalam kelancaran produksi Air Susu Ibu, untuk mengeluarkan air Susu Ibu  dibutuhkan upaya nonfarmakologis berupa Breast care.Tujuan peneliti ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi efektifitas tehnik  Breast care terhadap kelancaran produksi ASI pada ibu post partum dengan seksio sesarea di Ruang Fatimah Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Aisyah Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one group pre test post test design. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 66 ibu post partum. Sampelnya berjumlah 17 ibu post partum  dengan teknik purposife sampling. Variabel independent yaitu Breast care variabel dependent yaitu kelancaran produksi produksi ASI pada ibu post partum dengan sectio sesarea.Instrumen pengumpulan data dengan lembar observsi dan kuesioner. Pengolahan data menggunakan tehnik Editing, Coding, Scoring, Tabulating dan uji statistiknya yang digunakan adalah uji statistik Wilcoxon signed rank test. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dari 17 responden, sebelum dilakukan Breast care sebagian besar responden pengeluaran ASI nya lancar sejumlah 6 ibu (35%), tidak lancar sejumlah 11 ibu (65%), sesudah dilakukan Breast care sebagian besar responden pengeluaran ASI nya lancar sejumlah 17 ibu (100%). Uji statistik wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa nilai p = o,ooo < a (0,05) sehingga H1 diterima, ini berarti ada pengaruh breast care terhadap kelancaran produksi ASI pada ibu post partum di Ruang Fatimah Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Aisyah Madiun.Pada penelitian ini ada perbedaan antara kelancaran produksi ASI pada ibu post partum sebelum dan setelah dilakukan breast care
Análise da operacionalização da testagem rápida para o HIV realizada pelo enfermeiro
Authors: Soares da Silva Ilisdayne Thallita , Morais de Lima Dhyanine , Noleto dos Santos Wenysson , Costa Santos Rebecca Stefany da , Rosendo da Silva Richardson Augusto
Published: April 2020

O estudo objetivou analisar os modos de operacionalização da testagem rápida para o HIV realizada pelo Enfermeiro na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo com 13 Enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados de abril a junho de 2017 por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados pela análise temática de Bardin e o fluxograma descritor. As categorias que emergiram a partir das entrevistas e agrupadas em etapas no fluxograma descritor foram: oferta do teste rápido anti-HIV; entrega do resultado e aconselhamento pré-teste; execução do teste rápido anti-HIV; aconselhamento pós-teste; e encaminhamento do paciente. Conclui-se que a necessidade da identificação do fornecimento adequado de kits de testagem, da ampliação da oferta do teste para a população em geral, e da interação entre as unidades e Rede de referência no Estado.
Educação em saúde com gestantes e puérperas: um relato de experiência
Authors: Sarmento Paiva Mirtes Valéria , Marques Soares Aruse Maria , Silva Lopes Alynne Radoyk , Batista dos Santos Kezia Cristina , Lima Sardinha Ana Hélia de , Tavares Palmeira Rolim Isaura Letícia
Published: April 2020

Trata-se de um relato de experiência, com o objetivo de descrever as atividades de educação em saúde realizadas com grupo de gestantes e puérperas. As referidas atividades foram desenvolvidas por enfermeira, docente e acadêmicos de enfermagem para gestantes e puérperas cadastradas nas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os encontros abordaram os fundamentos conceituais pautados nas ferramentas da educação popular e a troca de saberes, desenvolvidos por Paulo Freire, promovendo a autonomia e transformação da realidade. O uso dos relatos individuais com vivências cotidianas e a utilização de recursos audiovisuais, dinâmicas e estratégias lúdicas despertaram o interesse do grupo motivando a realização das práticas. As atividades educativas contribuíram para formação de comportamentos e adoção de atitudes que promovem qualidade de vida, fortalecendo o uso da consciência crítica dos usuários sobre os seus problemas de saúde, embasados na sua própria realidade.
Mortalidade de indivíduos idosos cardíacos tratados com digoxina
Authors: Cremer Edivaldo , Rodrigues de Lima Almir Conrrado , Cassarotti Larissa Laila , Rodrigues Munhoz Gabrielle , Barbosa Pedrinho Romulo Jordão , Nakamura Cuman Roberto Kenji
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se descrever as taxas de mortalidade e sobrevida de idosos com insuficiência cardíaca que fizeram uso de digoxina, bem como identificar os fatores de risco associados à mortalidade. Prontuários de pacientes idosos (≥60 anos) atendidos no ambulatório de cardiologia para insuficiência cardíaca e que fizeram uso de digoxina foram triados e selecionados para este estudo retrospectivo. Variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foram mensuradas. A sobrevida foi verificada pelas curvas de Kaplan-Meier e teste log-rank. A regressão logística múltipla ajustada foi utilizada para avaliar os potenciais fatores de risco associados à mortalidade. Dos 65 prontuários analisados a sobrevida foi menor nos pacientes que utilizavam a dosagem de 0,125mg (p=0,093). A taxa de mortalidade foi de 35,9% e as chances de óbitos aumentaram nos indivíduos com idade acima de 76 anos (p=0,010; ORaj: 4,021), que possuíam outras doenças cardíacas (p=0,004; ORaj: 5,943) e com maior tempo de uso da digoxina (p=0,047; ORaj: 1,164).
Produção científica acerca da troca de válvula mitral associado à febre reumática
Authors: Silva Santos Dayana da , Oliveira Santana Jaqueline de , Feitoza Santana Nilglisneide , Santos Valmira dos
Published: April 2020

Pesquisa de revisão de literatura, que objetivou levantar a produção científica brasileira do período 2010-2016, acerca de pacientes submetidos a troca de válvula mitral associada à febre reumática, e identificar os trabalhos de enfermagem referentes a cuidados dispensados a esses pacientes. Foram identificados 15 trabalhos. Destes, 9 artigos originais, 5 de revisão, e 1 editorial. Dos 6 trabalhos de enfermagem destacam-se 1 sobre diagnósticos de enfermagem e outro sobre elaboração de um protocolo de cuidados a esses pacientes.  Diante desta baixa produção constatou-se a necessidade de novas pesquisas acerca da temática, e sobretudo investimento em ações de educação à saúde na atenção básica, visando minimizar o índice de febre reumática.
Benefícios da ginástica laboral em ambiente hospitalar: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: França Mota Ana Caroline de , Ribeiro da Silva Ana Flávia , Aquino Vieira Maria Carolina de , Oliveira Araújo Claudia Lysia de
Published: April 2020

A ginástica laboral (GL) consiste em um conjunto de exercícios físicos que são realizados no ambiente de trabalho, com o intuito de exercitar as regiões corporais mais sobrecarregadas e prevenir os desgastes neuromusculares do trabalhador e o consequente aparecimento de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho (DORTs). Esse estudo tem como objetivo buscar na literatura evidências sobre os benefícios da prática da GL em ambientes hospitalares através da revisão integrativa da literatura, com base em artigos online encontrados com as palavras chave Ginástica, Saúde do Trabalhador e Hospital. Os resultados encontrados na seleção final de seis artigos evidenciam os benefícios biopsicosociais advindos da prática da GL em todos os tipos de setores hospitalares. Conclui - se que a interferência da GL é benéfica e contribui não só para a manutenção da saúde do profissional como um todo, mas também para maior lucro da empresa.
Análise significativa, para parturientes, da assistência prestada pelo enfermeiro no processo de parir: contexto hospitalar
Authors: Alves Vieira Suênia , Araújo e Santos Natalia de , Ferreira Honostório Kollyane Stpanie
Published: April 2020

Estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem quantiqualitativa, que objetivou analisar o significado para as parturientes da assistência prestada pelo enfermeiro no processo de parir no contexto hospitalar. Participaram da investigação 50 mulheres enquadradas no critério: puérperas que foram assistidas pelo enfermeiro ou por enfermeiro e médico no pré-natal, trabalho de parto e parto. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de fevereiro a março de 2019, por meio do instrumento adaptado do Questionário Hospitalar: Puérpera. Os dados quantitativos foram apresentados em frequência absoluta e percentual, e a análise de conteúdo foi fundamentada na proposta de Bardin. Os resultados revelaram que, para a maioria das mulheres, os sentimentos e expectativas gerados durante o pré-natal foram supridos. Já que a experiência com o enfermeiro foi de boa qualidade como, também, com o próprio trabalho de parto e parir no hospital.
Direito a liberdade religiosa e o direito à saúde: principais conflitos
Authors: Domingues Pinheiro Leisson , Macedo Ramalho Maurícia , Costa do Nascimento Lillian Sorany , Francisco Silva Messias , Yuzur Yasojima Edson
Published: April 2020

Realizar um levantamento dos principais fatores que contribuem para os conflitos entre o direito à liberdade religiosa e o direito a saúde, e enumerar qual o princípio constitucional prevalece frente a esses casos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida através da revisão de literatura dos últimos cinco anos nas bases online: SCIELO, LILACS e PUBMED. Foram utilizadas as palavras chaves: conflitos entre direito a religião e a saúde; direito a saúde; direito à liberdade religiosa. Foram encontrados 157 artigos nas bases de dados online com os descritores citados acima. Estavam relacionados a 24 artigos com a pesquisa.  Observa-se que dos 24 artigos analisados, 14 mencionam como principal causa de conflito a colisão de direitos fundamentais, seguido por 05 artigos que relacionam esses conflitos com a transfusão sanguínea. Dentre os princípios mais utilizados na solução desses conflitos foram: o princípio da liberdade, o princípio autonomia e o princípio da beneficência. Destes, 45,8% dos autores relatam o princípio da autonomia e liberdade. O paciente deve receber todas as informações necessárias e opções de tratamentos alternativos, além de ter consciência para a tomada da decisão. E em caso de urgência o que prevalece é o direito à vida, ou seja, cabe ao médico definir a conduta a ser tomada, aplicando assim o princípio da beneficência.
Análise da conservação dos frascos de insulina em refrigeradores domésticos
Authors: Fortuna da Silva Lorena , Santos Ferreira Marcela dos , Paula Mello Sávio Dias de , Andrade Soares de Oliveira Ana Beatriz de , Santos da Silva Júlio Cesar , Paulo dos Santos Úrsula Pérsia
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a conservação da insulina nos refrigeradores domésticos.  Foram verificadas temperaturas dos frascos de insulina em sete locais da geladeira, sendo realizadas 10 medições por região com duração de 12 horas cada, utilizando termômetros digitais de máximas e mínimas. Os melhores locais de conservação dos frascos de insulina identificados nesta pesquisa foram a terceira prateleira da geladeira e a gaveta, além da porta ter sido revelada como pior região para esta finalidade. A partir da análise dos testes realizados, pôde-se observar que tanto o local como interferências cotidianas na geladeira podem influenciar negativamente a temperatura dos frascos de insulina. A pesquisa mostra os locais mais ou menos preferíveis para conservação da insulina ao tornar evidente a sua temperatura dentro de refrigerador, contribuindo para o planejamento das práticas de educação em saúde direcionadas aos portadores de Diabetes Mellitus.
Higher-Order Spectral Analysis of Stray Flux Signals for Faults Detection in Induction Motors
Authors: Iglesias Martínez Miguel E. , Antonino-Daviu Jose A. , de Córdoba Pedro Fernández , Conejero J. Alberto
Published: April 2020

This work is a review of current trends in the stray flux signal processing techniques applied to the diagnosis of electrical machines. Initially, a review of the most commonly used standard methods is performed in the diagnosis of failures in induction machines and using stray flux; and then specifically it is treated and performed the algorithms based on statistical analysis using cumulants and polyspectra. In addition, the theoretical foundations of the analyzed algorithms and examples applications are shown from the practical point of view where the benefits that processing can have using HOSA and its relationship with stray flux signal analysis, are illustrated.
Pneumonia reveals a huge pleuropericardial cyst: a case presentation
Authors: Eleftheriou Andreas , Saridakis Nikolaos , Koumantzia Christina
Published: April 2020

Background:

Pleuropericardial cysts are rare and usually clinically silent, but can occasionally cause life-threatening complications. The majority of them is congenital due to developmental deficits and is most commonly found incidentally via routine radiography between the third and fifth decade of life.

Case Presentation:

A 37-year-old Caucasian woman who referred to the Emergency Room because of asthma exacerbation diagnosed suffering of pneumonia. During the follow-up and after antibiotics, chest X-Ray and computed tomography revealed a probably acquired large pleuropericardial cyst of unknown cause.

Conclusion:

We report an unusual case of possible infection which revealed an asymptomatic large pleuropericardial cyst which was detected accidentally via X-Ray and was left untreated due to its benign course.
Risk factors of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary arterial lesions in Turkish children with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Türkuçar Serkan , Yıldız Kaan , Acarı Ceyhun , Dundar Hatice Adıgüzel , Kır Mustafa , Ünsal Erbil
Published: April 2020

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of childhood coronary artery disease. The incidence of coronary artery lesions (CALs) has declined with the routine use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment, but there is still considerable risk for resistance to IVIG treatment and development of CALs. The present study was aimed to determine the risk factors in Turkish children with IVIG resistant KD and coronary artery involvement. Clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic data were retrospectively analyzed in 94 Kawasaki patients. IVIG resistant and responsive groups were compared. The IVIG resistant group had a higher rate of CALs compared to the IVIG responsive group (p < 0.05). Duration of fever ≥ 9.5 days, C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 88 mg/L and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥1.69 were the best cutoff values for predicting IVIG resistance before treatment. The criteria for at least two of these three predictors were considered to be statistically significant risk factors for detecting IVIG resistance in KD before treatment (76.47% sensitivity, 71.05% specificity and 95% CI were 50.1-93.19% and 59.51-80.89%, respectively). Based on the clinical and laboratory features, we established a new risk-scoring system for predicting IVIG resistance in a cohort of Turkish children with KD. This may be useful for choosing optimal treatment for KD to prevent coronary artery involvement.
Gross motor development of preschool children: effects of socioeconomic status and maternal education
Authors: Özal Cemil , Bayoğlu Birgül , Karahan Sevilay , Günel Mintaze Kerem , Anlar Banu
Published: April 2020

Motor development reflects the general health status of the child and affects other areas of development. It is influenced by biological and family characteristics especially in infancy and early childhood, and by environmental conditions in preschool age. We assessed the effect of several family and environment characteristics on gross motor developmental items included in the Denver-II test on 2,042 healthy children. Increasing maternal age and education were associated with later achievement in several items after age 12 months while socioeconomic status, sex and birth rank did not show a clear effect. Our observations suggest in a relatively homogenous urban population, few external factors affect gross motor development in preschool children.
Clinical and laboratory predictors of survival for pediatric patients on non-postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Authors: Şık Güntülü , Demirbuğa Asuman , Annayev Agageldi , Temur Bahar , Aydın Selim , Demir Halil İbrahim , Erek Ersin , Çıtak Agop
Published: April 2020

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in pediatric patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure who do not respond to conventional therapy; only a few studies have been conducted in Turkey. We present the experience of pediatric ECMO with the aim of showing factors affecting mortality. We retrospectively reviewed our ECMO database to identify patients who received ECMO from October 2015 to March 2018. Our population comprised 30 pediatric patients. The mean patient age was 41.31±53.35 months and 17 (56.7%) patients were male. The median duration of ECMO support was 8.9 (6.6-10.8) days. The rates of successful ECMO weaning and survival to discharge were 70.0% (n=21) and 66.7% (n=20), respectively. Indications for ECMO were respiratory failure (40.0%), cardiac failure (33.3%), and sepsis (26.7%). We found that pre-cannulation values of pH (p=0.034), leukocytes (p=0.029), C-reactive protein (p=0.045), creatinine (p=0.047), chloride (p=0.001) and post-cannulation pH (p=0.0001), bicarbonate (p=0.014), lactate (p=0.002), chloride (p=0.0001) were associated with mortality. The results showed that preexisting sepsis and renal conditions contributed to poor outcomes. Indications, ECMO onset time, and pre- and post-cannulation laboratory values such as leukocytes, CRP, creatinine, bicarbonate, lactate, and chloride are factors that affect outcomes.
Cardiorespiratory parameters in newborns during sedation with chloral hydrate
Authors: Fister Petja , Pecek Jerneja , Strazisar Barbara Gnidovec , Paro-Panjan Darja
Published: April 2020

We commonly use chloral hydrate sedation in newborns, though its cardiorespiratory side effects have not yet been fully investigated. Our study aimed to analyze the impact of chloral hydrate on cardiorespiratory parameters in term newborns. We performed a prospective, pre-post single-arm interventional study in 42 term, respiratorily and hemodynamically stable newborns. Oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2), the apnea-hypopnea index and the respiratory and heart rates were recorded by polygraphy, starting 0.5-1 hour before oral administration of chloral hydrate at a dose of 40 mg/kg and ceasing 4 hours post-administration. After administration of chloral hydrate, the mean basal SpO2 dropped by 2.0% (from 97.1% to 95.1%; p < 0.001) and the mean basal ETCO2 increased by 3.9 mmHg (25.6 to 29.5 mmHg; p < 0.001). We found a significant decrease in the minimal SpO2 values (p < 0.001) and an increase in the percentage of time spent with SpO2 < 95% and < 90% (p < 0.001). The mean increase in the estimated apnea-hypopnea index was 3.5 events per hour (p < 0.001). The mean respiratory and heart rates were significantly lower 150 min after the administration of chloral hydrate when compared with pre-sedation values (51/min and 127/min versus 61/min and 138/min respectively; p < 0.001). A considerable number of patients exhibited changes in cardiorespiratory parameters that differed considerably from the normal ranges. In conclusion, SpO2, ETCO2, the estimated apnea-hypopnea index and the respiratory and heart rates changed after the administration of chloral hydrate. They remained within normal limits in most newborns, but the inter-individual variability was high in the studied population.
Are general movements at 3-5 months correlated and compatible with the Bayley-III at 1,5-2 years age?
Authors: Kahraman Aysu , Livanelioğlu Ayşe , Kara Özgün Kaya , Yurdakök Murat
Published: April 2020

Since early intervention is important in risky infants, it is also important to identify developmental problem as early as possible. There are various assessment methods for this. One of them is the General movements assessment (GMs), and the other one is the Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Developmental, third edition (Bayley-III). The present study aimed to compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes and Bayley-III scores at the age of 1.5-2 years with fidgety GMs. One hundred and twenty-six infants (57 females, 69 males) were assessed by the GMs at the corrected 3-5 months and also by the Bayley-III at the age of 1.5-2 years. According to the GMs, 21 infants exhibited the absence of fidgety movements, six infants exhibited abnormal fidgety movements, and 99 infants exhibited normal fidgety movements. According to the Bayley-III, 19 infants` motor scores, 13 infants` language scores, and 18 infants` cognitive scores were low (-2SD). Various neurodevelopmental problems were identified in 25.4% of the infants. As a result, although in the present study the Bayley-III underestimates the rates of motor impairment, it was found to be moderately compatible with the GMs at 3-5 months (r= 0.4, p < 0.001). However, the GMs were better than the Bayley-III in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes at the age of 1.5-2. Although the Bayley-III and GMs may be valuable tools for estimating the later outcomes of infants, care should be taken while interpreting their results.
Novel mutation and severe respiratory failure in congenital disorders of glycosylation Type Ix
Authors: Kılıç Betül , Akkuş Nejmiye
Published: April 2020

Congenital glycosylation disorders (CDG) are a group of rare hereditary metabolic diseases that result from abnormal protein and lipid glycosylation. Virtually all organ systems can be affected, and neurological involvement is particularly severe and disabling. More than 100 CDG types have been reported to date and those numbers are rapidly increasing. Each type is very rare, and the clinical characteristics of each subtype are difficult to determine. There are large numbers of biochemically unresolved cases defined as CDGIx. In this report, we present a 5-year-old boy who had dysmorphic features, hypotonia, developmental and mental delay, epileptic spasms, recurrent apnea and respiratory failure that led to the diagnosis of an unreported mutation of a rare form of CDG-Ix. This mutation in the STT3B gene affects the catalytic subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase and the recipient substrate properties, which in part have the same functions in N-glycosylation. A novel homozygous mutation in the STT3B presence of c.38C > G that encodes p.S13W (p.Ser13Trp) was detected with next generation sequencing. The CDG clinical spectrum can be unusual, ranging from dysfunction of certain organs to severe multiple system disorders. Respiratory failure has rarely been reported in these cases. Increased types and numbers of patients constitute symptom variety. The identification of new genes and genotype-phenotype relationships may expand the family of CDG.
Early-onset neonatal sepsis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B: case report and literature review of a 102-year period
Authors: Mubashar Tayyib , Turner Paul Christopher , Paul Siba Prosad
Published: April 2020

A 36-week-2-day-old male infant was admitted to the neonatal unit with respiratory distress, hypoglycaemia and suspected early onset neonatal sepsis for respiratory support, monitoring and intravenous antibiotics. His initial C-reactive protein was 12 mg/L, this increased to 66 mg/L at 24 hours. Blood cultures at 48 hours confirmed Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. As the isolate was sensitive to benzylpenicillin the same antibiotic was continued for a total of 7 days. His mother remained asymptomatic but was monitored closely. Ciprofloxacin chemoprophylaxis was given to close family contacts. Neisseria meningitidis causing early onset neonatal sepsis is extremely rare and neonates may have minimal symptoms at presentation. A table reviewing all documented cases of early onset neonatal sepsis caused by Neisseria meningitidis over a 102-year time period is included. There is need for early identification and initiation of empirical antibiotic therapy pending confirmation and sensitivities.
Dropped head related lamin A/C associated congenital muscular dystrophy case; previously defined as emerydreifuss muscular dystrophy
Authors: Tekin Hande , Yılmaz Sanem , Tekgül Hasan , Gökben Sarenur , Aktan Gül
Published: April 2020

Dropped head syndrome can be seen in many neuromuscular diseases. However, there are very few diseases in which neck extensors are weak among neuromuscular diseases. A 7 years old boy who had weakness of the neck extensor muscles, creatinine kinase elevation and dystrophy findings in biopsy followed up with the preliminary diagnosis of muscular dystrophy is presented. We detected p.N456K (c.1368C > A) heterozygote mutation by the gene sequencing in the Lamin A/C assocıated (LMNA) gene. This mutation was previously reported as Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
A rare presentation of adrenal adenoma in infancy: isolated Cushing`s syndrome
Authors: Şal Oğuzhan , Yeğen Gülçin , Oğuzkurt Pelin
Published: April 2020

Adrenocortical tumors are rare in children. Most of these tumors present with endocrinological manifestations, majority of which with virilizing features alone or in combination with over production of other adrenal hormones. However, it is uncommon of an adrenocortical tumor to present solely with Cushing`s syndrome. In this paper we discuss the clinical presentation and management of a 5-month-old infant who had presented with Cushing`s syndrome due to a functioning adrenocortical adenoma without androgen and mineralocorticoid excess, and made a brief review on the clinical and histopathological characteristics of adrenocortical tumors.
Obstructive jaundice and severe pancreatitis due to the foramen of Winslow hernia with multiple anomalies
Authors: Bozbulut Neslihan Ekşi , Akdulum İsmail , Sarı Sinan , Özen İbrahim Onur , Çavuşoğlu Yusuf Hakan , Boyunağa Öznur , Dalgıç Aydın , Dalgıç Buket
Published: April 2020

Internal hernia through the foramen of Winslow is a very rare condition, especially in children. Here we report a 16-month-old girl who presented with obstructive jaundice and elevation of pancreatic enzymes and was ultimately diagnosed with internal hernia and malrotation by radiologic investigation and open approach surgery. To the best of our knowledge, obstructive jaundice with pancreatitis and other congenital abnormalities in children with the foramen of Winslow hernia have not been reported previously in the literature.
An empirical model for the spread and reduction of the CoVid19 pandemic
Authors: Clara-Rahola Joaquim
Published: April 2020

This document depicts an empirical approach to the dynamics of diagnosed CoVid19 infections at outbreak scenarios. Here we study empirical daily diagnosed infections and by performing an initial study based on basic models of infection spreads, we find two distinct exponential regimes in which the CoVid19 displays an infection growth rate. Here, measures such as household lockdown are critical in order to lower the infection rate. As a result, a crossover point between fast and slow infection rates is found one week after lockdown, which is turn is the average CoVid19’s incubation period. After this crossover point, and following the slow growth rate, infections reach a maximum after which the infection rate starts to decrease. A possible peak can be found latter to this lockdown critical point, due to a number of households being infected by subjects already sick from the spread periods. However, such peak is a singularity as due to lockdown the diagnosed infections keep decreasing exponentially. Note that this profile, which we have denoted as Whuan Quality-Curve (Or Whuan Q-Curve) is characteristic to the evolution of CoVid19 in china as infected countries such as Spain or Italy still are at early stages of the Whuan Q-Curve. However, both countries display such profile up to date. Furthermore, our analysis and the proposal of the Q-Curve as a master curve to consider in each CoVid19 outbreak, allows a prediction of outbreak periods, i.e. free spread or lockdown periods, as well as diagnosed cases over time, provided that an initial data analysis is performed at the beginning of the outbreak. We also study the case of South Korea, where early measures where implemented against CoVid19. Finally, data indicates that a soft or hard lockdown result in the same outcome when fighting against CoVid19.
استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية في حساب حجم الاجسام من الصور الشعاعية الطبقية واعادة تكوينها مجسمة
Authors: جياووك رزكار نابي
Published: April 2020

في هذا البحث سوف نقدم تقنية جديدة لحساب حجم جسم ورسمه مجسما وفي نفس الوقت التخلص من الجهة التي لا نستطيع رؤيتها ، بوقت قصير جدا قياسا بالتقنيات المستخدمة حاليا . واحتياجات هذه التقنية هي صور لمقاطع عرضية للجسم او العضو المراد رسمه والمسافة بين هذه المقاطع . أما من ناحية دقة هذه التقنية ، فأنها تعتمد على عدد المقاطع العرضية المأخوذة للجسم او العضو بواسطة ال ( BODY- SCANNER ) وعدد النقاط على محيط كل مقطع والمسافات بين المقاطع
المواصفات العامة لنظام ادارة التعليم الممكنن
Authors: عجينة كامل كاظم
Published: April 2020

المواصفات العامة لنظام ادارة التعليم الممكنن
تكوين المنحنيات والرسوم البيانية بواسطة طريقة احسن توافق
Authors: الجلبي زهير محمد علي , جياووك رزكار نابي , علي شلال محمد
Published: April 2020

مما تقدم يتضح أن طريقة « أحسن توافق » لها فوائد كثيرة فهي بسيطة التطبيق خاصة في برمجة الحاسبات الدقيقة والتي غالبا ما تكون برموز الحاسبة الاساسية حيث أن السرعة المطلوبة لرسم الأشكال المختلفة تحتم كتابة البرامج المساعدة بلغة الحاسبة الأساسية والتي من الممكن طلبها واستعمالها من قبل المبرمج في برنامج الذي قد يكون مكتوبا بلغة عليا . إن الطريقة المذكورة تتعامل بجمع وطرح اعداد صحيحة فقط والتي لا تتطلب كلمات مزدوجة كما هي الحال في التعامل مع اعداد الكسور ، اضافة الى الوقت المستغرق في العمليات الحسابية عند استعمال اعداد الكسور . إن مدى انسياب الخطوط والمنحنيات يعتمد على انتقاء النقاط على شاشة العرض (RESOLUTION) وبصورة عامة فبالنسبة للخطوط المستقيمة من الواضح أن الخطوط الأفقية والعمودية والتي تكون زاوية قدرها 45 درجة تكون لها انسيابية عالية جدا اما بالنسبة للمنحنيات الدائرية فكلما ازدادت قيمة نصف القطر كلا كانت انسيابية المنحنيات جيدة .
معالجة البيانات في مؤسسات الرعاية الصحية الاولية
Authors: عصمان منتهى سالم
Published: April 2020

معالجة البيانات في مؤسسات الرعاية الصحية الاولية
الحاسبة الالكترونية في خدمة حركة التأليف والتعريب
Authors: باشي سنان محمود عطار , الطالب سحر عبد العزيز
Published: April 2020

الحاسبة الالكترونية في خدمة حركة التأليف والتعريب
نظام الصحيفة التلفزيونية ونظام المعلومات المرئية
Authors: رسام ماجد
Published: April 2020

نظام الصحيفة التلفزيونية ونظام المعلومات المرئية
تنفيذ عمليات الضرب باستخدام المعالج الدقيق
Authors: حسين عبد الناصر يحيى , الحكيم رياض كمال
Published: April 2020

يتناول البحث تنفيد عمليات الضرب باستعمال المعالج الدقيق (8085) . ولقد اعد هذا البحث بحيث يتلائم مع متطلبات تصميم المرشحات الرقمية والتي تستخدم فيها كسورا " عشرية احادية القطبية وثنائية القطبية . كما يتضمن البحث إعداد جداول مهيئة مسبقا " لغرض الحصول على نتائج الحرب بسرعة . وقد ذكرت الفروق بين هذه الطرق والطرق الأخرى في مناقشة النتائج و الاستنتاجات .
طرق تنظيم الملف في الحاسبات الالكترونية
Authors: عدنان البراك غسان
Published: April 2020

طرق تنظيم الملف في الحاسبات الالكترونية
محاولات في تصميم لغات البرمجة العربية
Authors: صالح قاسم زكريا
Published: April 2020

محاولات في تصميم لغات البرمجة العربية
اهمية نظم ادارة المعلومات
Authors: الناصر محمد عبد الأمير
Published: April 2020

اهمية نظم ادارة المعلومات
نظرية المباريات تطبيقاتها العسكرية والوصول الى الاستراتيجية المثلى باستخدام الحاسبة الالكترونية
Authors: رسام فاروق
Published: April 2020

لنظرية المباريات أهمية كبيرة في المجالات التطبيقية التي تتضمن مواقف تنافسية تشترك فيها جهات متعددة ، ولعل من أهم وأبرز هذه المجالات هي تلك التي تتمثل فيها مواقف الصراع العسكري والحربي والتي تتطلب حلا سريعا ودقيقا التحديد الاستراتيجية المثلى للفوز ، أن جميع الأنظمة الجاهزة المتوفرة لعمل الحاسبة الالكترونية في هذا المجال لا تتعدى استخدام البرمجة الخطية كأسلوب المعالجة هذه المواقف وهي قد وضعت أصلا لمعالجة أمور لا تمت بصلة مباشرة الى نظرية المباريات
مفاهيم في البرمجة المهيكلة
Authors: جرجيس جولاخ هيفاء
Published: April 2020

هناك هيكلة في نص البرنامج ، في نمط الأحداث عند وقوعها وفي طريقة خلقها وابداعها ، وفي الوصف لمجمل النتائج، كذلك في تنفيذ البيانات وفي الأغراض التي تخدم ذلك . وأن من المبادئ والاهداف الرئيسة هو الاحتفاظ بالسيطرة على الأمور المعقدة بالنسبة الى كافة هذه المجالات بتوطيد أواصر الثقة باستخلاص النتائج للخطوات القصيرة بمنتهى الوضوح و بالاستقلالية الممكنة . تتضح أهمية استخدام أسلوب البرمجة المهيكلة بمقارنتها بمخططات انسياب المنطق الاعتيادي ( Flow Charts ) حيث تتركز الاهمية على ترتيب الأحداث بشكل يضمن ضبط الانسياب من عنصر الى اخر يحمل مغزی معینا . فأستخدام الهيكلة في تصميم خطوات المعالجة هو تصميم قياسي سهل رسمه وهي في نفس الوقت سهلة المراجعة والصيانة . كما تتميز بالعرض المحكم للحالة قيد البحث
مستلزمات واحتياجات تشغيل اجهزة الحاسبة الالكترونية
Authors: إبراهيم الاسدي خليل
Published: April 2020

مستلزمات واحتياجات تشغيل اجهزة الحاسبة الالكترونية
دراسة في استخدام اسلوب قاعدة المعلومات في تصميم نظام اجازات المركبات
Authors: قندلا هند فتح الله
Published: April 2020

الغرض تطوير العمل في مديرية المرور العامة / مكتب التسجيل ، قام المركز القومي للاستشارات والتطوير الاداري بأجراء دراسة النظامي اجازات السوق والمركبات وقدم تقريرا بذلك في مارس 1976 تضمن عدد من البدائل والتوصيات لتطوير العمل اليدوي لكلا النظامين إلا أن هذه التوصيات لم تصل الى مرحلة التنفيذ ، قام المركز القومي للحاسبات الالكترونية بعد ذلك بإجراء دراسة جدوى لمكننة هذين النظامين ورفع بنتيجة الدراسة تقريرا اكد فيه على الاهتمام بمكننة نظام إجازات المركبات والأسباب عديدة منها تعدد الاستخدامات والجهات التي يمكنها الاستفادة منه ، وعلى ضوء ذلك بوشر بتحليل فعاليات النظام ودراستها للوقوف على البدائل المناسبة كنظام الي . يعرض التقرير مقترحا لتصميم النظام باستخدام أسلوب قاعدة المعلومات مع بیان المؤشرات التي دعت لذلك كما ويعرض الخصائص والتسهيلات التي يتميز بها هذا المقترح لتحقيق احتياجات النظام .
الطرق المستخدمة في شبكات الحاسبات الالكترونية
Authors: عجينة كامل
Published: April 2020

الطرق المستخدمة في شبكات الحاسبات الالكترونية
تصميم لغة برمجة عربية للاغراض التعليمية على نمط بيسك
Authors: اسطيفان جين جليل
Published: April 2020

تصميم لغة برمجة عربية للاغراض التعليمية على نمط بيسك
اساليب الوصول المباشر لملفات نموذجية من واقع القطر مع التركيز على استعمال الاسماء العربية كمفاتيح
Authors: عبد علي ندى
Published: April 2020

نتائج بحث لتقييم أداء بعض أساليب تنظيم المعلومات للوصول المباشر باستعمال العنونة التحتية (Hach Addressing) من خلال تطبيقها على ملفات نموذجية للمفاتيح Sample Keys Files) تم اختيارها من الواقع التطبيقي لأنظمة مهمة في قطرنا . الملفات متباينة الحجوم والمفاتيح مختلفة في أطوالها وكذلك في أنواعها ، أي عددية أو الفبائية او مختلطة . التركيز على استعمال الأسماء العربية كمفاتيح لأهميتها واعتماد ملف نموذجي لأسماء الأشخاص في احلى مؤسسات القطر مصمم باستعمال روتين توليد الأعداد العشوائية Random Number Generator ويحتوي على 3000 مفتاح يمثل الاسم العربي ( الثلاثي او الرباعي ). تجربة عدة قيم للعوامل والسعات المعينة. الخروج باستنتاجات عامة تؤيد البحوث العالمية السابقة في الموضوع مع توصيات ونتائج خاصة لتطبيقات القطر. البحث هو احد بحوث معهد البحوث والتدريب واستعملت فيه حاسبة Honeywell بصورة رئيسية .