bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al2O3-Supported W–V–O bronze catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane
Authors: Benomar S. , Chieregato A. , Masso A. , Soriano M. D. , Vidal-Moya J. A. , Blasco T. , Issaadi R. , López Nieto J. M.
Published: October 2020

Vanadium-containing hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB) structures supported on Al2O3are more selective to ethylene during ethane ODH than supported vanadium oxides.
Organic cage supported metal nanoparticles for applications
Authors: Sharma Vivekanand , Bharadwaj Parimal K.
Published: October 2020

Organic cage supported metal nanoparticles exhibit excellent catalytic activities and other interesting properties.
Seven-coordinate LnIII complexes assembled from a bulky MesacacH ligand: their synthesis, structure, photoluminescence and SMM behaviour
Authors: Kalita Pankaj , Nayak Prakash , Ahmed Naushad , Herrera Juan Manuel , Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan , Colacio Enrique , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli
Published: October 2020

Seven-coordinated mononuclear LnIII complexes were prepared using a bulky MesacacH ligand. The TbIII complex exhibits green emission while the DyIII complex shows SIM behaviour.
Vertical profile of particle hygroscopicity and CCN effectiveness during winter in Beijing: insight into the hygroscopicity transition threshold of black carbon
Authors: Hu Dawei , Wang Yu , Yu Chenjie , Xie Qiaorong , Yue Siyao , Shang Dongjie , Fang Xin , Joshi Rutambhara , Liu Dantong , Allan James , Wu Zhijun , Hu Min , Fu Pingqing , McFiggans Gordon
Published: October 2020

The critical coating thickness (MRc) defining the BC transition between being hydrophobic to hydrophilic was determined by combining HTDMA, CPMA and SP2 measurements.
Effects of inulin and isomalto-oligosaccharide on diphenoxylate-induced constipation, gastrointestinal motility-related hormones, short-chain fatty acids, and the intestinal flora in rats
Authors: Lan Junhong , Wang Kangli , Chen Guangyong , Cao Guangtian , Yang Caimei
Published: October 2020

The prebiotics inulin (INU) and isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) influence intestinal health and immunity, but their effects on constipation are not clearly established.
ε-Viniferin, a promising natural oligostilbene, ameliorates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by activating AMPK in vivo
Authors: Liu Ruijuan , Zhang Yang , Yao Xin , Wu Qi , Wei Minggang , Yan Zhaowei
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of ε-Viniferin on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and reveal the underlying mechanism.
Research on the mechanism of microwave-toughened starch on glucolipid metabolism in mice
Authors: Li Youdong , Liu Wei , Xu Zhen-zhen , Xiao Jun-Xia , Zong Ai-Zhen , Qiu Bin , Jia Min , Liu Li-Na , Xu Tong-Cheng
Published: October 2020

Potato resistant starch prepared by microwave-toughening treatment controls lipid metabolism by regulating the gut microbiota in mice.
One-pot hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin monomers to C9 hydrocarbons co-catalysed by Ru/C and Nb2O5
Authors: Li Simin , Liu Baoyuan , Truong Julianne , Luo Zhongyang , Ford Peter C. , Abu-Omar Mahdi M.
Published: October 2020

A physical mixture of Ru/C and Nb2O5 is an effective catalyst for upgrading lignin monomers under low H2 pressure at 250 °C to a clean cut of hydrocarbon liquid fuels.
Unraveling the cation and anion effects and kinetics for ionic liquid catalyzed direct synthesis of methyl acrylate under mild conditions
Authors: Wang Gang , Li Zengxi , Li Chunshan , Zhang Suojiang
Published: October 2020

Direct synthesis of methyl acrylate from methyl acetate and trioxane in liquid phase at mild condition.
Zn2+ ions inhibit gene transcription following stimulation of the Ca2+ channels Cav1.2 and TRPM3
Authors: Loviscach Louisa , Backes Tobias M , Langfermann Daniel S , Ulrich Myriam , Thiel Gerald
Published: October 2020

Zinc, a trace element, is necessary for the correct structure and function of many proteins. Therefore, Zn2+ has to be taken up by the cells, using specific Zn2+ transporters or Ca2+ channels. In this study, we have focused on two Ca2+ channels, the L-type voltage-gated Cav1.2 channel and the transient receptor potential channel TRPM3. Stimulation of either channel induces an intracellular signaling cascade leading to the activation of the transcription factor AP-1. The influx of Ca2+ ions into the cytoplasm is essential for this activity. We asked whether extracellular Zn2+ ions affect Cav1.2 or TRPM3-induced gene transcription following stimulation of the channels. The results show that extracellular Zn2+ ions reduced the activation of AP-1 by more than 80% following stimulation of either voltage-gated Cav1.2 channels or TRPM3 channels. Experiments performed with cells maintained in Ca2+-free medium revealed that Zn2+ ions cannot replace Ca2+ ions in inducing gene transcription via stimulation of Cav1.2 and TRPM3 channels. Re-addition of Ca2+ ions to the cell culture medium, however, restored the ability of these Ca2+ channels to induce a signaling cascade leading to the activation of AP-1. Secretory cells, including neurons and pancreatic β-cells, release Zn2+ ions during exocytosis. We propose that the released Zn2+ ions function as a negative feedback loop for stimulus-induced exocytosis by inhibiting Ca2+ channel signaling.
Salient features of medical nanoparticles in biological fluids from an analytical ultracentrifuge
Authors: Cinar Gizem , Englert Christoph , Schubert Ulrich S. , Nischang Ivo
Published: October 2020

Deciphering the behavior of degradable nanoparticles in biological fluids is demonstrated by interference-free assessment. The resultant vastly different erosion characteristics provide a necessary stepping stone for their design toward translation.
Transition-metal-free radical relay cyclization of vinyl azides with 1,4-dihydropyridines involving a 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer: access to α-tetralone scaffolds
Authors: Liao Yangzhen , Ran Yu , Liu Guijun , Liu Peijun , Liu Xiaozu
Published: October 2020

The remote C(sp3)–H functionalization enabled by a radical-mediated 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) process using vinyl azides and 1,4-dihydropyridines as precursors has been described.
Structure and mechanical behavior ofin situdeveloped Mg2Si phase in magnesium and aluminum alloys – a review
Authors: Seth Prem Prakash , Parkash Om , Kumar Devendra
Published: October 2020

The demand for lightweight, high specific strength alloys has drastically increased in the last two decades.
Biomedical applications of dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS): recent progress and challenges
Authors: Shaban Mina , Hasanzadeh Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) , with multi-component and hierarchically complex structures, has recently been receiving significant attention in various fields of nano-biomedicine.
Converting cellulose nanocrystals into photocatalysts by functionalisation with titanium dioxide nanorods and gold nanocrystals
Authors: Nair Santhosh S. , Chen Jianhong , Slabon Adam , Mathew Aji P.
Published: October 2020

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are promising building blocks for water purification due to their high surface area, tuneability of surface charge and grafting of surface groups depending on the pollutants.
Development of bimetallic nickel-based catalysts supported on activated carbon for green fuel production
Authors: Adira Wan Khalit Wan Nor , Marliza Tengku Sharifah , Asikin-Mijan N. , Gamal M. Safa , Saiman Mohd Izham , Ibrahim Mohd Lokman , Taufiq-Yap Y. H.
Published: October 2020

In this work, the catalytic deoxygenation of waste cooking oil (WCO) over acid–base bifunctional catalysts (NiLa, NiCe, NiFe, NiMn, NiZn, and NiW) supported on activated carbon (AC) was investigated.
Nanocellulose enriches enantiomers in asymmetric aldol reactions
Authors: Ranaivoarimanana Naliharifetra Jessica , Habaki Xin , Uto Takuya , Kanomata Kyohei , Yui Toshifumi , Kitaoka Takuya
Published: October 2020

Catalytically inactive cellulose nanofibers with crystalline solid surfaces enhance highly enantioselective organocatalysis at the interface in proline-mediated aldol reactions.
Recycling the CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst for effectively hydro-upgrading shale oil with high sulfur content and viscosity
Authors: Bello Suleiman Sabo , Wang Chao , Zhang Mengjuan , Han Zhennan , Shi Lei , Wang Kangjun , Zhong Ziyi , Su Fabing , Xu Guangwen
Published: October 2020

The CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst was used to upgrade shale oil. Sulfur removal was increased on the spent catalyst. The transition of oxidic Mo-species into active phase MoS2 was observed with recycling. The high sulfidation degree of the CoMo/Al2O3 suppressed deactivation by coking.
One-step-synthesized d-gluconic acetal-based supramolecular organogelators with effective phase-selective gelation
Authors: Fan Kaiqi , Wang Xiaobo , Wang Xiao , Yang Haoran , Han Guanglu , Zhou Liming , Fang Shaoming
Published: October 2020

Two effective and one-step-synthesized organogelators based on d-gluconic acetal derivatives have been developed to show phase-selective gelation behaviours towards aromatic solvents from their biphasic mixtures with water.
A study on the self-assembly mode and supramolecular framework of complexes of cucurbit[6]urils and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
Authors: Jin Yanmei , Huang Tinghuan , Zhao Weiwei , Yang Xinan , Meng Ye , Ma Peihua
Published: October 2020

Complexes were formed between the positive charge of the cucurbit[n]uril outer wall and inorganic anions, thus generating self-assemblies with multi-dimensional and multi-level supramolecular frameworks.
Boron(iii) β-diketonate-based small molecules for functional non-fullerene polymer solar cells and organic resistive memory devices
Authors: Li Panpan , Liang Quanbin , Hong Eugene Yau-Hin , Chan Chin-Yiu , Cheng Yat-Hin , Leung Ming-Yi , Chan Mei-Yee , Low Kam-Hung , Wu Hongbin , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah
Published: October 2020

Boron(iii) β-diketonates have been demonstrated to serve as multi-functional materials in NFA-based OPVs and organic resistive memories.
Understanding the solubilization of Ca acetylide with a new computational model for ionic pairs
Authors: Polynski Mikhail V. , Sapova Mariia D. , Ananikov Valentine P.
Published: October 2020

Constructing the carbon framework from a carbon-neutral source: a new computational model for ionic pairs in solution based on DFTB MD and DFT helps to propose a strategy for sustainable organic transformations with solid CaC2.
Correction: Time-dependent shear rate inhomogeneities and shear bands in a thixotropic yield-stress fluid under transient shear
Authors: Wei Yufei , Solomon Michael J. , Larson Ronald G.
Published: October 2020

Correction for ‘Time-dependent shear rate inhomogeneities and shear bands in a thixotropic yield-stress fluid under transient shear’ by Yufei Wei et al., Soft Matter, 2019, 15, 7956–7967, DOI: 10.1039/C9SM00902G.
Pinning ultrasmall greigite nanoparticles on graphene for effective transition-metal-sulfide supercapacitors in an ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Talande Smita V. , Bakandritsos Aristides , Zdražil Lukáš , Jakubec Petr , Mohammadi Elmira , Tomanec Ondřej , Otyepka Michal , Presser Volker , Zbořil Radek , Tuček Jiří
Published: October 2020

Integrating thiocubane's redox chemistry with a highly functionalized graphene boosts the energy and power density in an ionic liquid-electrolyte supercapacitor.
Zanthoxylum nitidum extract attenuates BMP-2-induced inflammation and hyperpermeability
Authors: Hu Tao , Luo Zhiwen , Li Kai , Wang Shanjin , Wu Desheng
Published: October 2020

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is commonly applied in spinal surgery to augment spinal fusion. Nevertheless, its pro-inflammatory potential could induce dangerous side effects such as vascular hyper-permeability, posing the need for manners against this condition. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of Zanthoxylum nitidum (ZN) on BMP-2-related hyperpermeability and inflammation on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results revealed that, in a concentration-dependent manner, BMP-2 enhanced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, which were, however, suppressed by ZN. ZN inhibited BMP-2-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 and IκB, and the abnormal nuclear translocation of p65. Moreover, the inhibited expression intercellular tight junction protein VE-cadherin and Occludin caused by BMP-2 was blocked by ZN. The hyper-permeability of HUVECs induced by BMP-2, as expressed as the higher fluorescent intensity of dextran, was also reversed by ZN. Overall, these findings demonstrated that ZN antagonized BMP-2-induced inflammation and hyperpermeability. It could be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of BMP-2-induced side effects during spinal fusion.
UCH-L1 inhibitor LDN-57444 hampers mouse oocyte maturation by regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial function and reducing ERK1/2 expression
Authors: Yuan Pan , Zhou Li , Zhang Xiaona , Yao Lan , Ning Jun , Han Xiao , Ming Caifeng , Zhao Yunhe , Zhang Liqun
Published: October 2020

Oocyte maturation is a prerequisite for successful fertilization and embryo development. Incomplete oocyte maturation can result in infertility. Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) has been found to be implicated in oocyte maturation and embryo development. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of UCH-L1 underlying oocyte maturation have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we observed that the introduction of UCH-L1 inhibitor LDN-57444 suppressed first polar body extrusion during mouse oocyte maturation. The inhibition of UCH-L1 by LDN-57444 led to the notable increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, conspicuous reduction in glutathione (GSH) content and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and blockade of spindle body formation. As a conclusion, UCH-L1 inhibitor LDN-57444 suppressed mouse oocyte maturation by improving oxidative stress, attenuating mitochondrial function, curbing spindle body formation and down-regulating extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK1/2) expression, providing a deep insight into the cellular and molecular basis of UCH-L1 during mouse oocyte maturation.
Auditory Brainstem Response Test at Different Stimulus Rates in Normal-Hearing Adults Living With HIV
Authors: De Necker Adriana , Biagio-de Jager Leigh , Stoltz Anton Carel
Published: October 2020

Purpose

The study investigated whether the auditory brainstem response (ABR) at a baseline and at higher repetition rates can detect if neurodegeneration has occurred in adults living with HIV who present with normal behavioral pure-tone thresholds.

Method

An exploratory research design was used. Forty adults with HIV (80 ears, 57.5% female;
M
age
= 26.3 years,
SD
= 3.68) and 20 adults without HIV participated. Phase 1 compared ABR absolute and interwave latencies at a baseline rate. Phase 2 examined the effect of HIV status and category of immunodeficiency on ABR absolute Wave V latency and Wave V latency shift at increased stimulus rates. Analysis included a two-way analysis of variance of the interaction between stimulus rate and HIV status and between CD4+ category and rate, and multiple regression analysis.

Results

In adults living with HIV, the baseline ABR yielded prolonged Wave III and V absolute latencies and interpeak prolongations in 22.5%. Interaural Wave V latency differences were present in 15% of participants. An additional 15% of ears presented with abnormal Wave V at increased rates.

No significant interaction between HIV status and rate in either ear or between CD4+ category and rate was found in either ear (
p
> .05). Although rate and gender contributed significantly to the prediction of Wave V latency of the rate study (left and right,
p
< .001), HIV status did not (left and right,
p
> .05).

Conclusions

Although the interaction of HIV status and CD4+ with rate was not significant, more ears were identified with abnormal results at increased stimulus rates than with the baseline ABR alone. The ABR at increased rates may therefore be a valuable addition for the identification of individuals living with HIV with auditory neural deficiencies.
Robust fixed‐time connectivity‐preserving consensus for second‐order multi‐agent systems with external disturbances
Authors: Wang Cong , Liu Cheng‐Lin , Liu Shuai
Published: October 2020

In this study, the authors address the fixed‐time connectivity‐preserving consensus problem for second‐order multi‐agent systems with external disturbances under state‐dependent communication topology, where each agent has a limited sensing range. A novel global integral sliding‐mode consensus protocol is proposed to achieve fixed‐time consensus for leaderless multi‐agent systems, meanwhile maintaining the connectivity of initial communication topology and suppress external disturbances. By Lyapunov theory and homogeneity theory, it is proved that multi‐agent systems achieve fixed‐time consensus convergence and the sufficient condition of topology connectivity preservation is obtained. In addition, the results are extended to the leader–follower multi‐agent systems. The numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the results.
The optimisation of the cylinder-spiral soil-cultivating roller
Authors: Sharonov Ivan , Кurdyumov Vladimir , Isaev Yuri , Kurushin Viktor
Published: October 2020

Designed cylinder-tillage spiral skating rink with spiral work items, which form a fine lumpy structure of the sowing layer of soil with grain size corresponding to agrotechnical requirements, while helping the soil surface, mulching the top layer of soil over the seeds, seal the depth of their placement, providing the required contact of seeds with soil is necessary to ensure the uniformity of germination. At the theoretical level, it is determined that an increase in the pinching angle leads to an increase in the size of the hollow smooth pipe of the roller. This occurs while increasing the depth of deformation of the layer of crushed soil and the radius of the clump of soil. However, a change in the radius of a hollow smooth roller of more than 0.3 m does not lead to a slight increase in the pinching angle. Therefore, increasing the radius of the hollow smooth roller over 0.3 m is not rational, as it will increase the metal content of the structure. After analyzing the obtained mathematical models of the soil treatment process with a roller, we optimized the parameters of a cylindrical-spiral roller: speed of 11 km/h, mass of ballasting loads of 100 kg, step of the spiral turn of 40 mm, and the departure of the spiral screw of 35 mm. These modes ensure the formation of a qualitatively compacted soil layer in the zone of planting seeds of agricultural crops, which is confirmed by the maximum value of the processing quality criterion for matching the density of the soil after rolling with a cylindrical-spiral roller CCS = 0.98 (while the density of the sown layer addition 1185...1215 kg/m3), which fully satisfies the agrotechnical optimum. The yield of barley of the Nutans-553 variety became higher after the use of an innovative cylindrical-spiral roller by 6.4 % and 9.3 %, respectively, of the yield after the impact of serial ККSh rollers and ring rollers of the seeding machine. In the course of evaluating the metal consumption of structures of the innovative cylindrical-spiral roller and the ring-spur roller, a difference of 70% per unit width of the grip was revealed.
Enhancement of wear resistance of mulcher teeth with the help of electrochemical coats
Authors: Belous N. M. , Kisel Yu. E. , Guryanov G. V. , Markaryants L. M.
Published: October 2020

Influence of alloying additives in electrolyte and conditions of electrolysis on microhardness, adhesive strength and wear resistance of iron and cobalt coats have been investigated. Conditions of creating coats which make it possible to considerably enhance wear resistance of the mulcher teeth under the conditions of abrasive wear have been established. The process of creating wear resistant coats have been approved and recommended to introduction after the service life of the mulcher teeth sets have been extended.
Improving quality of ac electric power supply of autonomous power sources using in agriculture
Authors: Milashkina Olga , Zlobin Vadim
Published: October 2020

Autonomous AC electricity supply systems are now widely introduced in agriculture. As the experience of operation of these electricity supply systems has shown, their various properties, determined largely by the type of voltage regulators and sensors used, do not always fully meet the constantly growing requirements for the quality of electricity. Further improvement of voltage regulation systems, and, consequently, the quality of electricity, is associated with the use of technology in them that can implement optimal control laws.
Modern approaches to technology of cultivation of corn
Authors: Chaplygin Mikhail , Podzorov Aliksey , Podzorova Mariya , Alchimbayeva Aigerim
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, corn is an important source of nutrients in the human diet, as well as a valuable energy feed with the highest digestibility among cereals, a valuable raw material for the food, medical, microbiological, chemical industry and other sectors of the national economy. Increasing of corn grain production is one of the most important conditions for stabilizing the Russian food base. Being one of the technological crops that is demanding to growing conditions, corn is the most productive forage crop. It is important to note that the yield of corn depends not only on the fertility of the soil, but also on the methods of its processing and cultivation. One of the reasons holding back the growth of corn grain production is the high contamination of crops. In this paper, the influence of various cultivation technologies and methods of caring for maize crops on productivity is studied. It is shown that the highest yield and effective protection from weeds is obtained with an optimal combination of chemical and mechanical methods of crop care.
Modeling of the sowing process of row crops in laboratory conditions
Authors: Zykin Evgeny , Kurdyumov Vladimir , Albutov Sergey , Dmitriev Oleg
Published: October 2020

The paper discusses the process of sowing row crops (the formation of a ridge above the seeds and rolling ridges) in laboratory conditions. Taking account of the agrotechnical requirements and physical and mechanical properties of the soil, the reference profile of the soil ridge as well as the original optimization criterion have been adopted. This ridge is formed during sowing, which conditionally can be recognized as ideal. After studying the process of sowing in the tillage bin and statistical processing of the obtained data, the corresponding equations were deduced in which the independent process factors were expressed in natural and in encoded values.
The technological aspect of soybean seed separation
Authors: Khamuev Victor , Moskovskiy Maksim , Dat Hoang Ngia
Published: October 2020

The results of a study on the purification of soybean seeds by the combined use of a gravity column with a zigzag channel formed by a cascade of installed combs and a pneumatic separation channel with a vertically ascending air flow and with narrowing partitions installed in it are presented.
Dynamics of competitive interaction between two mining enterprises and one processing: existence and stability of the equilibrium point
Authors: Kirjanen Aleksandr , Malafeyev Oleg , Zaitseva Irina , Kovshov Aleksandr , Kolesov Dmitry
Published: October 2020

A mathematical model of dynamic interaction between two mining enterprises and one processing is formalized and studied in the paper. The process of interaction is described by a system of three delay differential equations. The criterion for asymptotic stability of nontrivial equilibrium point is obtained when all three enterprises co-work steadily. The problem is reduced to finding stability criterion for quasi-polynomial of third order. We found time intervals between deliveries of raw materials and manufacturing of finished products, in which the process of interaction of the three agents is stable.
The motion of particles in coaxially-arranged cylinders
Authors: Isaev Yu. M. , Nekrashevich V. F. , Semashkin N. M. , Zlobin V. A.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study outlined in the paper is to substantiate the technological and technical characteristics of the processes of moving a bulk material particle in the vertical direction. To determine the motion of the entire mass of material with a spiral, we used the simulation of steady-state particle motion using the d’Alembert equations in a cylindrical coordinate system.
The analysis of foreign economic activity of agricultural producers of the southern federal district
Authors: Udalov Andrey , Udalova Zoya
Published: October 2020

The article presents an analysis of the foreign economic activity of agricultural producers in the Southern Federal District. The general results of foreign trade of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation located in the Southern Federal District are considered. The general characteristic of the foreign trade activity of the Southern Federal District is provided, providing for an assessment of the value volumes and per capita indicators of export and import, foreign trade turnover, and the balance of foreign trade balance.
Increased germination of barley and wheat using cold plasma
Authors: Gabdrakhmanov Azat , Tsoi Alexander
Published: October 2020

An innovative installation for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of various crops with cold plasma, it allows to increase their germination, resistance of plants to external stresses, productivity and ecological value of the product were proposed in this paper.
The effectiveness evaluation of labor safety activities using driver’s workplace as an example
Authors: Bogdanov A.V. , Popova S.Yu.
Published: October 2020

There are many methods to determine the economic efficiency of implementing the labor safety activities. But in most cases, they cannot completely take into account the aggregate change in the effects of harmful and dangerous occupational factors on the human body before and after the implementation of relevant measures, and therefore they cannot give a fairly objective economic evaluation. This primarily relates to non-stationary workplaces, where production-related factors can be changed to a large extent during one shift. Therefore, it is expedient to evaluate economic efficiency for such jobs on the basis of the analysis of workers disease rate, which depends on the impact of all production-related factors on the human body. It is possible to distinguish production-related workers disease from the entire morbidity of employees including occupational injuries using the method of integrated assessment of working conditions through the losses of working time from morbidity with temporary incapacity for work (integrated assessment methodology). This technique can be used to calculate the economic efficiency when implementing labor safety activities at non-stationary workplaces (e.g. driver’s workplace).
The impact of climate change on the ecology of primary plant communities of disturbed habitats
Authors: Belov A.N. , Repsh N.V. , Klyuchnikov D.A. , Koltsova L.A.
Published: October 2020

In this work, the author describes the process of restoration of disturbed ecosystems using various objects as an example, mainly dumps of brown coal deposits. To illustrate the problem, the Rettihovskoye brown coal field of the Primorsky Krai is chosen. The article notes the differences between spontaneous restoration and directed recultivation of the area, describes the characteristics and composition of the new hardy-shrub and herb layer. The basic conditions for self-growth of the study area are determined and the dynamics of the processes in the conditions of changing climatic factors using the observation method over a long period are monitored.
Scientific and methodological principles of forming an assessment of the level of environmental safety of construction projects in urban areas
Authors: Bespalov Vadim , Kotlyarova Ekaterina , Adamyan Rafael
Published: October 2020

At present, improving the environmental safety of capital construction objects for various purposes in urban areas is still an urgent goal and a rather complicated process to implement. To achieve it, you need, first of all, a scientifically based methodology for assessing the actual level of environmental safety of a particular construction object or urban economy and a list of necessary measures to increase it. Our earlier analysis of known methodological approaches to assessing the state of the urban environment allowed us to conclude that when assessing the level of environmental safety of capital construction objects for various purposes, it is necessary to take into account social, environmental, economic factors and take into account a number of limitations. In this regard, we conducted scientific research, on the basis of which the scientific and methodological principles of forming an assessment of the level of environmental safety of capital construction facilities for various purposes in urban areas were determined. At the same time, the basis for a consistent assessment of the level of environmental safety of construction objects for various purposes in urban areas, in our opinion, is a comprehensive consideration of environmental, economic and social criteria, each of which includes corresponding groups of parameters (environmental, social and economic) that determine the degree of environmental safety and sustainable development. Our approach allows, using the various characteristics of an urbanized area with different dimensions, to obtain the resulting criteria in a dimensionless form and thereby improve the methodology for calculating a comprehensive assessment of the environmental safety level of construction objects and urban facilities in urban areas.
Environmental performance evaluation in developing the plan of coordination of an isolated intersection
Authors: Novikov A. N. , Deluka-Tibljaš A. , Shevtsova A. G. , Vasilieva V. V.
Published: October 2020

This article analyzes existing research in the field of assessing the effectiveness of changing the coordination plan of a traffic light object. As a result of the studies, the basic parameters necessary for the assessment, such as vehicle delays, fuel consumption and the amount of harmful emissions, are determined. An approach is proposed for determining the amount of harmful emissions and the degree of their reduction when establishing the necessary coordination plan. An experiment was carried out and the results obtained were evaluated.
The ecological assessment of the eutrophic biogenic load of the water body
Authors: Zhidkova Alena , Podberesnij Vladimir , Zarubina Rimma
Published: October 2020

The work provides a comprehensive environmental assessment of the eutrophic biogenic load on a water body using the example of the Gulf of Taganrog of the Sea of Azov. This study is carried out with the aim of a deeper understanding of the ecological state of the waters of the Gulf of Taganrog, the processes of its eutrophication. The assessment of the biogenic load on the water area is carried out. The conducted researches showed that the eutrophication of the Gulf of Taganrog northeastern part depends on the salinity, water temperature, ammonium, and nitrate and phosphate concentrations. The level of the internal and external loads of phosphorus in the waters of the Gulf of Taganrog is approximately equal.
Development of environmental protection system for installation of chrome plating of the internal surfaces of hydraulic drives with hydrostatic guideways
Authors: Ardashev Dmitrii , Yusubov Nizami , Shipulin Leonid , Degtyareva-Kashutina Anastasiya
Published: October 2020

Electroplating is an electrochemical process when a metal layer is deposited on the surfaces of a product. As an electrolyte, a solution of the salts of the deposited metal is used, the vaporization and micro-spray of which have an extremely negative and dangerous effect on humans and the environment. In this work, we present an environmental protection system for implementing the process of chrome plating of the internal surfaces of a hydraulic drive with hydrostatic guideways is presented. The schematic diagram of the environmental protection system includes the first stage of air purification (drip collector), the second stage of air purification (granular filter), as well as a system of granular filter cleaning and a radial fan. To clean the exhaust air from harmful substances, such as aerosols of chromium oxides and sulfuric acid, as well as water vapor, a comprehensive gas purification system for emissions of pollutants is proposed, consisting of step-by-step cleaning in various devices, including a drip collector with two droplet-breaking elements and a granular filter. The presented design of the environmental protection system equipment of the installation for chrome-plating the internal surfaces of a hydraulic drive with hydrostatic guideways will make it possible to effectively neutralize the air environment by cleaning the air from chrome anhydride vapor and other pollutants.
Innovative technologies for industrial sewage treatment
Authors: Shigapov Ilyas , Kadyrova Alesya , Akhmadov Bahromjon , Krasnova Olga
Published: October 2020

At present the Branch is working on the development of modern methods to improve the efficiency of water treatment and sewage treatment systems of industrial enterprises and enterprises processing agricultural products through the use of membrane technology.
Rare-Earth-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation and Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Cui Chunming , Chen Wufeng
Published: October 2020

Activation of Si–H bonds with rare-earth complexes could generate the highly reactive rare-earth hydrides or silyl complexes, which are key intermediates for hydrosilylation and cross-coupling reactions. This Account summarizes the recent advances in the rare-earth-catalyzed hydrosilylation of unsaturated substrates and dehydrogenative coupling of hydrosilanes with amines in our laboratory. The results demonstrated that rare-earth catalysts are unique in their reactivity and selectivity, enabling some unprecedented reactions.

1 Introduction

2 Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes with Amines

3 Catalytic Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes with Amines

4 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkenes and Polymerization of Styrene

5 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkenes

6 Catalytic Dihydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes

7 Conclusions and Outlook
Triphosgene/Sodium Organosulfinate System: A General and Efficient Electrophilic Thiolation of Silylenol Ethers and Electron-Rich Heteroaromatics
Authors: Yuan Yan-qin , Guo Sheng-rong , Gao Hai-jun , Gu Yu-xin , Wang Zhe-fei , Wang Yan
Published: October 2020

An efficient and practical approach to electrophilic thiolation was developed by using commercially available triphosgene as a reductant and the appropriate alkyl- or arylsulfinates, which were transformed in situ into electrophilic RSCl intermediates in the presence of triphosgene. This procedure represents a general and powerful approach for the synthesis of α-(trifluoromethyl)thio-substituted ketones and thiolated electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds.
Kinetic Resolution of α-Nitrolactones by Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrolysis or Ester–Amide Exchange Reaction
Authors: Sakakura Akira , Nakao Ryota , Fujii Yudai , Hayakawa Ichiro , Mizoguchi Haruki
Published: October 2020

C
1-Symmetric chiral ammonium salt catalysts induced a kinetic resolution of racemic α-nitrolactones through an asymmetric ester–amide exchange reaction. The corresponding amides were obtained with high enantioselectivities and high S (= k
fast/k
slow) values. This reaction system is a useful approach for obtaining carbocyclic quaternary α-nitroamides as chiral building blocks.
Role of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Retrieval of Dislodged Atrial Septal Defect Device Occluder
Authors: Choudhury Minati , Bhardwaj Vandana , Hote Milind P.
Published: October 2020

Transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) device closure has emerged as a safe and effective alternative procedure for surgical ASD repair. However, ASD device malposition and embolization has been reported with an incidence of 0.5 to 1.1%. We report here a case of a 32-year-old male, who presented to the hospital 5 months after ASD device closure for routine follow-up. This case reports highlights the significance of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) evaluation in successful surgical retrieval of a dislodged ASD Amplatzer device.
Importance of Immediate Thiamine Therapy in Children with Suspected Thiamine-Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia—Report on Two Patients Carrying a Novel SLC19A2 Gene Mutation
Authors: Spehar Uroic Anita , Milenkovic Dragan , De Franco Elisa , Bilic Ernest , Rojnic Putarek Natasa , Krnic Nevena
Published: October 2020

Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the development of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness. We report on the first two Croatian patients with TRMA, compound heterozygotes for nonsense, c.373C > T; p.(Gln125Ter) and novel missense variant, c.1214C > G; p.(Thr405Arg) in SLC19A2 gene. The first was diagnosed at 4 months with diabetes mellitus and severe anemia requiring transfusions. As TRMA was suspected, thiamine therapy was immediately started to prevent further transfusions and insulin therapy. His brother developed extreme anemia at 3 weeks of age while waiting for the results of the genetic test. Severe anemia in this sibling may have been prevented if thiamine had been initiated earlier.
Suspected or Proven Early-Onset Sepsis and NLR, PLR, and MPV Parameters in Neonates with Born through MSAF
Authors: Taşkın Ahmet , Can Emrah , Hamilçıkan Şahin
Published: October 2020

Objective It was aimed to determine the presence of early-onset sepsis in newborns born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and to investigate the changes of blood parameters in these neonates.

Study Design This cross-sectional observational study was performed with neonates born MSAF were divided into two groups as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) positive and negative group.

Results A total of 3,096 neonates enrolled in this study, and of these 272 with MSAF (8.7%), 76 (27.9%) with neonates were Group I and 196 (72.1%) neonates were Group II. Group I had significantly higher CRP and PCT values and monocyte values significantly lower than Group II, but there were no statistically significant differences between other investigated blood count parameters. There was no association between the platelet, mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit, platelet distribution width, neutrphil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and sepsis in neonates born MSAF. The following areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were found, respectively: MPV was 0.49 (0.36–0.55), NLR was 0.54 (0.48–0.60), PLR was 0.53 (0.47–0.59), and MLR was 0.54 (0.48–0.60).

Conclusion MSAF might be a risk factor for early-onset sepsis in neonates. However, MPV, NLR, PLR, and MLR values cannot be helpful for the detection of suspected or proven early-onset neonatal sepsis in born MSAF neonates.

Key Points
Molecular structure important for charge transfer in artificial photosynthesis
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: October 2020

Subtle changes in molecular structure can lead to big differences in charge transfer.
High-throughput measurement of coefficient of thermal expansion using a high-resolution digital single-lens reflex camera and digital image correlation
Authors: Li Chenzhuo , Luo Haojian , Pan Bing
Published: October 2020

High-throughput measurement of thermal deformation and determination of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) using a high-resolution digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera and digital image correlation (DIC) is described. To mitigate the mosaic effect caused by the Bayer filter of DSLR cameras, a color image pre-processing method, which adjusts the brightness and equalizes the color channels of the raw image, is carried out. In addition, a Gaussian pre-filtering step is adopted for denoising the images captured with DSLR cameras to enhance the subpixel registration accuracy. Then, by processing the recorded images using the state-of-the-art DIC algorithm, full-field displacements and strains can be determined. Compared with conventional industrial cameras, a DSLR camera offers not only portability, compactness, and economy but also much higher resolution of recorded images, allowing CTE characterization with higher throughput. Real experiments, including a verification experiment of the color image pre-processing technique, a benchmark CTE determination of Al alloy, and a high-throughput CTE determination of 15 samples of three different metals, validated the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed technique. The proposed method is cost-effective and time-saving, showing great potential in the high-throughput CTE measurement and other high-throughput strain measurement scenarios.
Enhanced spatial resolution of Eljen-204 plastic scintillators for use in rep-rated proton diagnostics
Authors: Manuel M. J.-E. , Tang H. , Russell B. K. , Willingale L. , Maksimchuk A. , Green J. S. , Alfonso E. L. , Jaquez J. , Carlson L. , Neely D. , Ma T.
Published: October 2020

A pixelated scintillator has been designed, fabricated, and tested using a laser-accelerated proton source for use in proton diagnostics at rep-rated laser facilities. The work presented here demonstrates the enhanced spatial resolution of thin, organic scintillators through a novel pixelation technique. Experimental measurements using laser-generated protons incident onto 130 μm-thick scintillators indicate a >20% reduction in the scintillator point spread function (PSF) for the detectors tested. The best performing pixelated detector reduced the ∼200 μm PSF of the stock material to ∼150 μm. The fabrication technique may be tailored to reduce the pixel size and achieve higher spatial resolutions.
On the wake flow behind a sphere in a pipe flow at low Reynolds numbers
Authors: Yin Guang , Ong Muk Chen
Published: October 2020

Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the flow around a stationary sphere in a pipe. Seven sphere diameters d = 0.1D–0.9D (D is the diameter of the pipe) are chosen to investigate the effects of the blockage ratio on the flow characteristics. Three series of simulations are conducted. The first series of simulations is based on a fixed pipe flow Reynolds number Rep = 1250 (based on the inlet mean velocity and D) and the sphere Reynolds number Res (based on the sphere cross-sectional mean velocity and d) that is varying in the range of 249 ≤ Res ≤ 1360. The second series of simulations is based on a fixed Res = 500 and Rep varying between 460 ≤ Rep ≤ 678. The third series of simulations is based on a fixed Reg = 500 (based on the mean velocity of flow through the gap between the sphere and the pipe wall and d) and Rep varying between 113 ≤ Rep ≤ 773. The instantaneous vortical structures are presented to show different flow patterns behind the spheres with different d. For the sphere with the small diameter (d ≤ 0.5D), the vortex shedding in the wake flow behind the sphere is similar to that with the sphere subjected to a uniform flow. However, for the sphere with a larger diameter (d ≥ 0.7D), the flow behind the sphere is different from the sphere subjected to a uniform flow. At Rep = 1250, the large-scale vortex shedding behind the sphere is suppressed for d ≥ 0.8D and strong small-scale vortical structures are formed behind the sphere. At Res = 500, different behaviors of wake flow are observed with the increasing d. It is found that the vortex shedding is stabilized for 0.4D ≤ d ≤ 0.7D due to the confinement of the pipe wall, while the wake vortices become chaotic for d ≥ 0.8D due to the interaction between the wake flow and the pipe wall boundary layer. The vortex shedding is suppressed for d ≥ 0.9D. At Reg = 500, the wake flow behind the sphere is stabilized with the increasing d. The combined effects of the blockage ratio and Reynolds number on the flow pattern in the wake region, the hydrodynamic quantities of the sphere, and the power spectra of the velocities at different detection points are discussed in detail. Furthermore, in addition to power spectral analysis, sparsity-promoted Dynamic Mode Decomposition (SPDMD) is used to analyze the dominant flow modes in the wake region for different blockage ratios. The dominant flow characters associated with the hairpin vortex shedding, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, and the low-frequency modulation of the wake flow can be captured by the DMD modes, and their spatial structures are revealed by the mode shapes.
Temperature-dependent growth of hexagonal and monoclinic gallium sulfide films by pulsed-laser deposition
Authors: Eriguchi Kazutaka , Biaou Carlos , Das Sujit , Yu Kin Man , Wu Junqiao , Dubon Oscar D.
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate the selective, pulsed-laser deposition of hexagonal GaS and monoclinic Ga2S3 films on sapphire substrates from a single Ga2S3 target in high-vacuum conditions. Growth at substrate temperatures below 550 °C causes GaS film formation, which indicates non-stoichiometric transfer from the target to the film. Surprisingly, stoichiometric transfer occurs at substrate temperatures above 650 °C with monoclinic Ga2S3 as the preferred, higher S-content phase. Through a series of growth and annealing experiments, we show that GaS nucleation under S-deficient conditions leads to the preferred growth of this layered, hexagonal phase below 550 °C. Furthermore, GaS films annealed above 650 °C under high vacuum are transformed to Ga2S3, reflecting the greater stability of the monoclinic phase. By first growing Ga2S3 at a higher temperature and subsequently growing GaS at a lower temperature, we can fabricate GaS/Ga2S3 heterostructures in a single growth process.
Monitoring shot-to-shot variations of soft x-ray sources using aluminum foils
Authors: Kabacinski Adeline , Tissandier Fabien , Gautier Julien , Goddet Jean-Philippe , Tafzi Amar , Sebban Stéphane
Published: October 2020

We report a straightforward beam splitter in the soft x-ray spectral range using a thin oxidized aluminum foil. As it allows us to monitor reliably shot-to-shot variations in energy and in energy distribution, this beam splitter is of high interest for the simultaneous use of diagnostics for soft x-rays sources. We measure a transmission of 0.5 and a reflectivity of 0.018 at 22.5° of incidence with a soft x-ray laser working at 32.8 nm. These values are in good agreement with the theory. As the theory predicts a reflectivity and a transmission of both 12% at 52.5° of incidence for 32.8 nm, it can also be useful for experiments that require the division and recombination of a beam, for instance, interferometry or pump-probe technique with an intense soft x-ray source.
Stieltjes’ theorem for classical discrete orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Castillo K. , Rafaeli F. R. , Suzuki A.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this note is to establish, from the hypergeometric-type difference equation introduced by Nikiforov and Uvarov, new tractable sufficient conditions for the monotonicity with respect to a real parameter of zeros of classical discrete orthogonal polynomials. This result allows one to carry out a systematic study of the monotonicity of zeros of classical orthogonal polynomials on linear, quadratic, q-linear, and q-quadratic grids. In particular, we analyze in a simple and unified way the monotonicity of the zeros of Hahn, Charlier, Krawtchouk, Meixner, Racah, dual Hahn, q-Meixner, quantum q-Krawtchouk, q-Krawtchouk, affine q-Krawtchouk, q-Charlier, Al-Salam–Carlitz, q-Hahn, little q-Jacobi, little q-Laguerre/Wall, q-Bessel, q-Racah, and dual q-Hahn polynomials.