bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Використання багатомовності: мовний ландшафт закладів торгівлі в румунських та угорських населених пунктах Закарпаття
Authors: Гіреш-Ласлов Корнелія , Матей Рейка , Товт-Орос Еніке
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The linguistic landscape is often included in the analysis of economic processes, investigating the frequency of the appearance of signs and inscriptions, and the semiotic study of signs and advertisements is associated with the success of enterprises. There is a growing body of research on the relationship between economics and language use.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the inscriptions in the languages of the minorities of commercial establishments in the settlements of Transcarpathia, where the Hungarian and Romanian national minorities live. In the paper, we focused on solving the following tasks:

whether multilingualism is manifested in the economic sphere;
whether there are national or regional trade networks that adapt to the language of the local population;
whether there are different patterns and established traditions in the posting of inscriptions in minority languages.

Result. The desire for monolingualism in the economic sphere can lead to a closed market system, as a result of which not only a narrowed layer of consumers can be formed, but also the entrepreneurs themselves risk losing opportunities for international exchange of experience. There is a need for a new, innovative strategy, which would be based on a supranational system - in order to turn a closed system into an open one with the help of multilingualism, market self-regulation and the admission of external inspirations would be enough.
Originality. The analysis of the experience of the linguistic diversity of other multiethnic regions allows us to draw two important conclusions for the Transcarpathian region of Ukraine as well. First, "the professional management, use and marketing of multiethnicity and multilingualism can contribute to the improvement of the welfare of the whole society", and second, "the collective experience of minority life can be turned into economic advantages". The minorities of Transcarpathia and their language use should not be viewed as a burden to social processes, but as such cultural force that can be turned into economic profit, in indirect or even direct ways.
Conclusion. The purpose of our research, which revolves around the "language-economy- society" axis, is to present the monolingualism or multilingualism of different establishments located in the settlements of Transcarpathia, where Hungarians and Romanians live.
Функціональні аспекти релігійної лексики в навчальних посібниках польської мови (Hurra!!! Po polsku 1,2,3)
Authors: Павлюк Олексій
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Over the last five centuries, the functioning of Polish educational literature has certainly gone through its stages of formation and development. The religious lexical element in such manuals remained an integral part of the presentation of Polish culture. In the 21st century, modern methods of foreign language teaching pay a lot of attention to the socio-cultural component, thanks to the combination of the process of in-depth study of culture (in particular, the communicative part). The article analyzes materials for learning Polish as a foreign language Hurra!!! Po polsku 1,2,3 in a new format for the presence of religious vocabulary and its functional aspects.
The purpose of the article: to single out groups of religious concepts and terms that are directly related to religion or the cultural and religious tradition of the Polish people and to characterize the concepts according to the religious context.
Methods. The main method used is the method of analyzing the presence of religious vocabulary in educational materials. The functional method is used to organize religious concepts. Discourse analysis of selected religious concepts and their translation is also applied.
The results. The article singles out groups of religious concepts and terms that are directly related to religion or the cultural and religious tradition of the Polish people. Concepts with a religious context, which are typical of the Polish cultural environment, are characterized. Groups of words belonging to Polish religious traditions and general religious concepts are singled out. The main categories of religious meanings and terms have been formed. The analysis of ambiguous religious concepts in the context of their translation and use was carried out.
Originality. The series of textbooks of the 2020-2021 edition on the subject of religious vocabulary has not yet been studied, so the material can serve practitioners and theorists as a basis for researching Polish language textbooks and their functional application in practice.
Типологія порівняльних конструкцій за модулем порівняння (на матеріалі роману-колажу із стихій життя Дмитра Кешелі «Родаки»)
Authors: Баган Мирослава , Заскалета Валентина
Published: July 2023

Іntroduction. The article analyzes comparative constructions by the comparison module based on the material of Dmytro Kesheliа's novel-collage from the elements of life «Relatives».
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to create a typology of comparative constructions on the material of Dmytro Keshelia's novel-collage from the elements of life "Relatives". Achieving this goal is subject to a number of tasks: 1) to identify features that serve as a comparison module; 2) to classify comparative constructions according to the comparison module 3) to find out what is the originality of D. Kesheli's individual author comparisons.
Methods. The article uses the descriptive method (to present the results of the research), the classification method (to identify the features by which the author compares), the method of contextual analysis (to determine the pragmatic load of the comparison module in the text of the novel-collage).
Results. It is established that the comparison module in the novel concerns a number of features, including appearance, physical characteristics, manner of movement, specifics of speech, mental states, mood in statics and dynamics, physical states, temperament, mental activity, and mental abilities. The assessment reflects the most important features of human nature and behavior from the point of view of national morality.
Originality. In previous studies, a semantic analysis of the comparative constructions of the novel "Relatives" was carried out from the point of view of the object and subject of comparison. We consider it promising to study the grammatical structure of the comparisons created by the author of this novel, an attempt to classify the semantic types of comparisons depending on the subject and object of comparison and their functional load.
Conclusion. Despite the relatively traditional module of comparison, the comparatives of D. Keshelia are quite original due to the unexpected object of comparison, since they often have a comic color, which is often caused by the discrepancy between the subject and the object of comparison of his module. One of the features of the writer's idiostyle is the creation of ironic comparative constructions with friendly marking.
Стильові властивості употужнення ознаки «однорідність» у структурі простого речення сучасної української літературної мови
Authors: Завальнюк Інна , Іваницька Ніна
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article presents the material that certifies the implementation of the feature «homogeneity» in the meaning variants of the syntactic category «part of a sentence» in terms of structural-communicative and communicative-pragmatic linguistics. At the same time, the content of the article and its concluding parts show how the phenomenon of «homogeneity», embedded in a set of features united by «homogeneity», finds reproduction in specific works, genre varieties and styles, that is, how this feature reveals the ability of a kind of empowerment, provided that it is marked qualitatively -quantitative indicators.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the research findings, which prove the continuation of the study of problematic issues related to the category «part of a sentence».
Methods. Traditional methods of linguistic analysis and partly quantitative methods were used.
Results. The study, the results of which are presented in the article, shows the possibility of using the «empowerment» criterion in its qualitative-quantitative manifestations of the homogeneity of the meaning variants of the «part of s sentence» category.
Originality. The originality consists in the use of the sign «homogeneity», based on specific qualitative and quantitative indicators (parity, triplicity, multiplicity) of the semantic variants of the «part of a sentence» category used in sentences.
Conclusion. Homogeneity as a syntactic feature distinguishes a two-syllabic sentence in its stylistic varieties: from a maximum in an artistic style to a minimum in a scientific one. The hierarchy of manifestation of the sign of «empowerment» consists of: predicates (triple and plenary use); main semantic variant of a monosyllabic sentence (triplicity), subject (triplicity). The «triplicity» indicator can be interpreted as a parameter of the artistic style of the Ukrainian language.
Лінгвософія часу в сучасній українській поезії
Authors: Козловська Лариса
Published: July 2023

Introduction. In the process of the development of Ukrainian linguistics, the scholars have demonstrated their persistent interest in the linguistic tools for describing time as a fundamental ideological and mental category. The structuralist approaches to the semantic means and expressions used to actualize time dominating at the end of the 20th century, have been substituted by the scientific priorities with the emphasis on cognitive, linguo-cultural and, therefore, linguosophic facets of acquiring knowledge about time and its linguistic descriptors.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to specify and describe the means of verbalizing the semantics of time in modern Ukrainian poetic texts.
Results. Modern Ukrainian poetic texts regularly demonstrate that the term time conveys not only the direct meaning recorded in lexicographical sources but also implies numerous concretizers which segment, correlate, and describe both the general concept of time and its various aspects.
In such a context, the observed regularity seems quite logical, as it is the poetic texts that verbalize the motif/theme of time flow whereas the verbs with the semantics of movement are the linguistic means of transmitting the main functional and aesthetic charge.
The analysis of large literary bulk gives us the reason to state that poetic description of the onset / completion and course of certain time periods is closely related to its verbal characteristics. Additionally, the vague temporal semantics of these texts is verbalized by the images that belong to the metaphorical models «time – space», «time – human being», «time – nature». These models are characterized by the high level of artistic anthropomorphism, yet with the radical occasional modernization of the stereotyped verbal formulas. The revealed trend to specify and actualize the vague semantics of time seems equally interesting and promising. Moreover, it is quite productively supported by the wide use of the metaphors related to the sphere of human everyday life, genitive metaphors and similes.
Conclusion. The linguistic cognitions of the authors of the analysed poetic texts confirm the compatibility of the traditional linguistic symbols used to denote time with the diverse artistic and figurative verbalizers of it. The most productive types of creating metaphors are found at the intersection of the following conceptual spheres time – human being, time – nature (bird, animal, plant, water, wind), time – space. A new reading of the modern poetic dictionary is a promising direction for the actualization of the linguistic and cultural identity of Ukrainians. In the poetry of the war period, modernization of the linguistic descriptors of the category of time becomes obvious, as the dominant models give way to the original author's aesthetic and representative time markers, which reflect deep existential shifts in the worldview of modern readers.
Мовний образ борця за українську державність в поезії Олега Ольжича
Authors: Соболь Лілія
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article examines linguistic units and stylistic devices that model the linguistic image of a fighter for Ukrainian statehood based on the material of the language of the poetic works of Oleh Olzhych, a prominent representative of the Prague School. It has been proven that in the history of Ukrainian culture, Oleh Olzhych's poetry is a self-sufficient and recognizable fragment. It is connected with the aesthetics of the heroic epic.
Purpose – to analyze the lexical-semantic and tropeic means of creating the linguistic image of a fighter for Ukrainian statehood in the poetry of Oleh Olzhych.
Methods. Descriptive and interpretive methods were used to achieve the goal.
Results. The creative principles of Oleh Olzhych's work were formed in the difficult sociopolitical conditions of life in exile. Since the poet was active in the formation of the Ukrainian state, it is logical that in his individual linguistic and poetic picture of the world the image of Ukraine dominates and numerous subordinate macro- and micro-images ("Ukrainians", "struggle", "heroism", etc.).
The creation of the linguistic image of the fighters for Ukrainian statehood is connected with the terms "unyielding", "firmness", "strength". These include images of steel, krytsia, metal, iron, copper. Also important is the function in such contexts of the images spirit, soul, heart, palms, nerve, which testify to the anthropocentrism of Oleh Olzhych's authorial thinking.
The paradigm of language characteristics of the defenders of Ukrainian statehood is also complemented by the images of stone, flint, granite, block. They not only describe the image of a person, but are also used to describe the time, era, historical period when the struggle for Ukrainian statehood takes place.
The components of the thematic group "weapons" are also used for the linguistic portrayal of Ukrainian soldiers - a saber, a sword, a blade, a shield, a spear, etc.
The close connection of the theme of the struggle for the Ukrainian idea, Ukrainian statehood with the motive of sacrifice is important. This explains the active presence in the texts of words with the symbols "trial", "patience", "suffering", "torment", "death".
Conclusion. Determinant content-creative seven that model the artistic value and appreciation of the images of fighters for Ukrainian statehood in Oleh Olzhych's poetry are 'physical endurance', 'physical tangibility', 'moral stability', 'strength', 'indomitability', 'courage', etc. With their participation, images are created that correspond to the canons of the heroic epic. The prospect of further study of this problem will make it possible to clearly define the parameters of the idiosyncratic norms of Oleh Olzhych's language creation and to describe his individual style in more detail in the context of the history of the Ukrainian poetic and literary language.
Лексико-семантичне поле «відповідальність»в українському поетичному дискурсі періоду війни
Authors: Сюта Галина
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The reality of a full-scale war caused drastic changes in the language and language consciousness of Ukrainians. The modern poetic dictionary demonstrably reflects these changes and makes it possible to establish the time marking of the texts, to differentiate them chronologically as those created "before" and "after" February 24, 2022.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to characterize the lexical-semantic field of «responsibility» in the Ukrainian poetic discourse of the war period.
Results. A cognitive-textual analysis of poetry written during the Russian-Ukrainian war records an intensive renewal of the corpus of key concepts for modern language thinking. Significant recent trends were observed in the lexical-semantic development of the concept of «responsibility». It was established that its component content, directions of textual and associative branching correlate with the methodologically important concepts of memory and history. Іn particular, when comparing the present and the future (as components of history) in connection with the social, collective need to condemn and punish the perpetrators of the war, the motif of the historical and personal responsibility of the Russian aggressors for the war crime against Ukraine and the Ukrainian people was fully expressed.
One of the most important segments of the Ukrainian linguistic and poetic picture of the world during the war is the lexical-semantic field «responsibility». In addition to the name of the field, the core zone of LSF «responsibility» is formed by the nominations forgiveness / non- forgiveness, punishment, trial, sentence, revenge, retribution. It also includes precedent expressions blood for blood, death for death, symbolic proper names Nuremberg, The Hague.
Conclusion. The lexical-semantic field «responsibility» is one of the determining for Ukrainian war poetry. The рerspective of continuing this scientific direction is connected with the need for in-depth linguistic knowledge and description of poetry of the war period and about the war, in particular with the need to systematically stratify a poetic dictionary updated in accordance with modern conditions, which demonstrably records the changes in the linguistic thinking of modern Ukrainians.
Образність журналістського мовлення в регіональній пресі
Authors: Каленич Володимир
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Journalism as an original form of creativity focuses on searching effective expressive means for understanding and reflecting existence: not only to inform, but also to attract attention, evaluate, influence perception and consciousness, get the reader interested with a word or an original interpretation of certain realities. Mediastyle, responding to the changes in society, forms public opinion with the help of words and images, therefore there is a tendency to use emphatic language in the media alongside with conciseness of presentation, condensation of content. One of the features of journalistic speech is imagery as a way of representing certain concepts and phenomena through language images. They replicate the worldview of the author and the worldview of the audience. The entire arsenal of heterogeneous pictorial and expressive means is facilitated in media creativity.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the functioning peculiarities of the figurative means of speech in modern regional media texts (on the material of the publications of the newspaper «Vinnychchyna»).
Results. Analyzing the regional media discourse of the weekly «Vinnychchyna», we can observe a variety of figurative means. They express the stylistics and aesthetics of presentation in media texts, create an emotional color laconically and aptly, serve to decode the author's intention, which objectifies a special perception of the text and has a more effective impact on the reader's consciousness. Figurative newspaper headlines acquire certain pragmaticism: they are less informative, but attract attention, aim for a special attitude to publications, intrigue with their expressiveness, give an impetus to decoding the title of the publication after familiarizing with it. The imagery of these elements contributes to associative connections with the journalist's worldview on today's problems.
Originality. Visual and expressive means, their functional and stylistic parameters in media texts have already been analyzed on the basis of materials of various types of publications. The regional media content is sporadically localized by local researchers in their regional studios. Therefore, this segment of media linguistics, Vinnytsia in particular, remains to be a significant issue for scientific interpretation.
Conclusion. The language resources of journalistic creativity are diversified by imagery, which strengthens the expressiveness and informativeness of the text with the purpose of influencing the addressee, and actualizes the communicative and pragmatic intentions of the author. Metaphors, metonymies, synecdoches, personification, periphrasis and other figurative means can be found in the regional press, for example the newspaper «Vinnychchyna». They deepen the expression semantics, provide evaluative characteristics to events, persons, realities, condense stylistic connotations, which contributes to the preserving language resources in the regional media discourse.
Мовленнєва реалізація локальної стратегії встановлення і підтримування контакту: тактика фасцинації (на матеріалі програми Ларрі Кінга)
Authors: Кірієнко Мирослава
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article analyses speech implementation of the local strategy of establishing and maintaining contact, mainly tactic of fascination used in Larry King’s talk show. The specifics of Larry King’s talk show and its communicative and pragmatic focus on conducting a cooperative, conflict-free and tolerant dialogue within this genre determine the use of a wide range of positive politeness strategies and tactics. And as the tactic of fascination is a dominant one within this very talk show, the choice of its study became evident. The author also outlines the linguistic and lexico-grammatical means of implementing the fascination tactic on the lexical and syntactic levels.
The purpose of this article is to outline the peculiarities of speech realization of the fascination tactic in Larry King’s talk show from the point of view of politeness.
To achieve the purpose of the article, the following linguistic research methods were used: descriptive, scientific, and deductive.
Results. The study reflects the linguistic realization of the fascination tactic in a talk show, which within its framework is an act of individual speech creativity of the host and his interlocutor, striving for sophistication, originality and expression of a positive evaluative statement.
Originality. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the fascination tactic in the English-language television discourse of talk shows based on Larry King’s program, taking into account its functional load, namely the expression of the addresser’s friendly attitude to the addressee.
Conclusion. The fascination tactic is widely used in Larry King’s talk show. Its main function is to expresses the addresser's friendly attitude towards the addressee and to help to bring the interlocutors closer in communication. It tactic is implemented by different linguistic and lexico- grammatical means at the lexical and syntactic levels.
Developmental Anomalies of the Midface
Authors: Foust A.M. , Estroff J.A. , Robson C.D.
Published: July 2023

The complex anatomy and broad array of potential congenital abnormalities can make developmental anomalies of the midface an intimidating subject. However, a basic understanding of facial development and a location-based approach to evaluation can substantially improve diagnostic confidence. This article briefly reviews relevant embryologic steps in the development of the midface, specifically focusing on the nasal region, frontonasal region, and palate. Then, following a brief discussion of imaging techniques, relevant congenital anomalies in each of these anatomic regions are addressed. Finally, a few of the more common craniofacial syndromes are reviewed.Learning Objective: To understand the key features of midface development and use a location-based approach to generate a relevant differential diagnosis for congenital midface anomalies
Spectrum and Mimics of Brain Surface Enhancement on Postcontrast FLAIR Images
Authors: Rogers S.N. , Becker J.L.
Published: July 2023

Brain surface enhancement on FLAIR describes increased FLAIR signal at the brain surface after the administration of gadolinium-based contrast agents. Because of the unique properties of the FLAIR sequence, pathology at the brain surface may be obvious on postcontrast FLAIR but inconspicuous on postcontrast T1 imaging. Following administration of gadolinium-based contrast agents, brain surface enhancement on FLAIR can be seen as leptomeningeal enhancement on FLAIR and/or CSF enhancement on FLAIR. Leptomeningeal enhancement on FLAIR manifests due to a combination of cortical and leptomeningeal inflammation as well as vascular congestion or engorgement. CSF enhancement on FLAIR manifests as elevated subarachnoid FLAIR signal due to leakage of small quantities of gadolinium-based contrast agent into the CSF from breakdown of the BBB and/or blood-CSF barrier and is sometimes associated with leptomeningeal enhancement on FLAIR. CSF enhancement on FLAIR has been previously described as a hyperintense acute reperfusion marker in the setting of stroke, TIA, and endovascular therapies. This article reviews brain surface enhancement on FLAIR, with leptomeningeal enhancement on FLAIR and CSF enhancement on FLAIR, presented in the setting of stroke, meningitis, encephalitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, seizures, trauma, demyelinating disease, malignancy, diseases of vascular engorgement such as Moyamoya and Sturge-Weber syndrome, and chronic age-related microvascular disease. The utility of brain surface enhancement on FLAIR as a biomarker of BBB/blood-CSF barrier dysfunction is also discussed.Learning Objective: To recognize brain surface enhancement on FLAIR imaging as leptomeningeal enhancement on FLAIR and CSF enhancement on FLAIR in normal aging and a wide variety of intracranial diseases; to understand that FLAIR imaging is more sensitive than T1-weighted imaging for pathology at the brain surface; and to understand the potential of brain surface enhancement on FLAIR as a biomarker of BBB or blood-CSF barrier dysfunction
Imaging of Blunt Cervical Spine Ligamentous Injuries: Bridging the Gap between Neuroradiologists and Neurosurgeons
Authors: Prabhu A. , Stanton M. , Bhuta S.
Published: July 2023

In a setting of acute spinal trauma, imaging delineates all osseous and soft-tissue injuries and helps to guide potential surgical intervention. CT is the technique of choice in the setting of acute trauma. However, MR imaging is integral in the assessment of traumatic spinal injury,
specifically assessing discoligamentous structures otherwise not seen on CT. We describe the critical imaging parameters of cervical spine injuries in accordance with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) Spine classification system and its impact on neurosurgical management.
T2 fat-saturation sagittal and coronal images are valuable in assessing cervical spine ligaments. MR imaging at 3T offers superior resolution than 1.5T. The AO Spine classification for cervical spine injuries is now widely used and is more robust and correlates well with MR imaging. Type A
injuries can be managed conservatively. Type B injuries are potentially unstable. B1 osseous injuries alone can be managed conservatively. Anterior or posterior tension band injuries (B2/B3 type) are unstable and are considered for surgical intervention or halo immobilization. Type C injuries
have marked ligamentous injury and often require surgery. Identifying key MR imaging findings and using the AO Spine classification system and a reporting template helps bridging the knowledge gap between neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons, in turn influencing patient management.Learning
Objectives: To understand the nuances of critical imaging findings of cervical spine injuries in accordance with the AO classification: how to minimize errors in reports using a simple MR imaging reporting template or a checklist; incorporating a universally accepted nomenclature and terminologies
to remove bias and ensure consistency in communication with neurosurgical teams; and bridging the knowledge gap between neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons in the management of blunt cervical spinal trauma
AO Spine Injury Classification System Made Easy
Authors: Al Taweel A.S. , Edhayan G. , Colasurdo M. , Owji S.C. , Barghash M.M. , Alabdulkareem M.A. , Al Jadiry H.A. , Hsieh K.J.
Published: July 2023

Spinal fractures are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients experiencing trauma. Identifying the significance of each fracture type and its prognosis is vital. Many trauma classification systems were devised to address these issues. The AO trauma classification system
is a departure from prior classifications because it addresses new aspects that were not included in prior ones. Its addition of neurologic status and modifiers has enabled a more concise and accurate approach to fractures by incorporating more than the dichotomy of fracture or no fracture.
This review article introduces the AO Spine injury classification system, some of the subsets under this classification system, and an explanation of how the American Society of Neuroradiology Common Data Elements macros can be used to better understand and incorporate this system into common
radiologic practice to report spinal trauma in the language of the multidisciplinary team.Learning Objectives: To identify the AO Spine injury classification system and its subsets, what distinguishes it from different prior classifications, and how to implement American Society of Neuroradiology
Common Data Elements AO Spine injury classification system macros into common radiologic practice, after completing this article
Paranasal Sinus Infections in Children: Complications Not to Be Missed!
Authors: Selvitop O. , Huisman T.A.G.M. , Tran B.H. , Kralik S.F. , Desai N.K. , Orman G.
Published: July 2023

Paranasal sinus infections are diseases most commonly seen during childhood and can cause serious complications in advanced cases that would have been prevented or limited with timely and appropriate diagnosis and treatment. The paranasal sinuses continue to develop from birth to 20
years of age, and the age of the patient must be always considered in the diagnosis and treatment. Due to the proximity to vital tissues and organs, paranasal sinus infections may spread and cause infections of orbital, intracranial, vascular, and osseous structures. Neuroimaging is essential
in the accurate diagnosis and early detection of these complications. While CT is mostly used in cases involving the bone, MR imaging is superior in cases involving soft tissues. The aim of this article is to review the current knowledge of paranasal sinus infections and to discuss and demonstrate
the imaging appearance of paranasal sinus infections and associated complications.Learning Objectives: To describe the development of the normal paranasal sinuses and discuss the standard of care imaging techniques and the imaging findings of paranasal sinus infection with its common and
rare complications in children
Is It Intracranial Hemorrhage? A Case-Based Approach to Confident Determination Using Dual-Energy CT
Authors: Sachs J.R. , Bunch P.M. , Sweeney A.P. , Hiatt K.D. , Benayoun M.D. , West T.G.
Published: July 2023

Differentiating acute hemorrhage from hyperattenuating mimics remains a common problem in neuroradiology practice. High atomic number materials such as iodine, calcium, and silicone oil can be similar in attenuation to acute blood products, depending on their concentration. Dual-energy
CT allows differentiation of hemorrhage from these high atomic number materials because of the differential absorption of x-ray photons at different incident energies. The primary purpose of this case review is to illustrate how to confidently and efficiently use 190-keV virtual monoenergetic
images and material decomposition maps in routine neuroradiology practice when the differential diagnosis includes hemorrhage versus a high atomic number hyperattenuating mimic. We review the underlying physics of dual-energy CT, the primary output of dual-energy postprocessing, as well as
pitfalls.Learning Objective: To learn how to use dual-energy CT to confidently and efficiently differentiate acute hemorrhage and hyperattenuating mimics (eg, calcification or iodinated contrast)
Single Coronary Artery: An Unwonted Incidental in a 54-year-old Chronic Kidney Disease Filipino Female with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Ong, Jr. Renato C. , Galang Charles Tadeo O.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION A single coronary artery is extremely rare. Patients with this coronary anomaly are usually asymptomatic and is commonly an incidental finding among imaging diagnostics. CASE REPORT We report a case of 56-year-old hypertensive, diabetic Filipino female on thrice-weekly maintenance hemodialysis who had a single origin coronary artery on invasive coronary angiography after she developed STEMI in cardiogenic shock along the course of her admission for an elective below knee amputation. Advised revascularization via coronary artery bypass grafting, however refused. She was eventually discharged against medical advice upon stabilization. She refused further renal replacement therapy; she succumbed two weeks later. LEARNINGS Single coronary artery is a rare condition associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death. A multidisciplinary team in place is ideal to determine the best management strategy to employ. Guideline-directed medical therapy with aggressive risk factor control offers benefit. KEYWORDS Single coronary artery. SCA. Cardiogenic shock. ST-elevation myocardial infarction. STEMI.
Successful Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Replacement in a Post-thymectomy Patient with Myasthenia Gravis: A Case Report
Authors: Ponciano Joseph Lawrence , Pena Jeannica Kriselle Lerios-Dela
Published: July 2023

Presented is a case of a 68-year-old Filipino, female, a known case of Myasthenia Gravis, post-thymectomy maintained on pyridostigmine, with a history of hypertension and Mitral Valve Prolapse who was admitted for acute heart failure symptoms. Diagnostics revealed a torn chordae tendineae of the mitral valve and the patient was subsequently advised to undergo mitral valve replacement due to acute decompensation. Pre operative coronary evaluation showed angiographically normal coronary arteries while CT aortogram showed no distinct evidence of aortic aneurysm, stenosis, dissection or severe calcification of thoraco-abdominal aorta and iliac-femoral vessels. The patient underwent minimally invasive mitral valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve, however suddenly experienced ptosis and respiratory depression while at the recovery room which were attributed to stress from surgery and missed doses of Pyridostigmine while undergoing surgery. She was closely monitored at the Intensive Care Unit and her symptoms gradually resolved upon resumption of Pyridostigmine. Despite the unanticipated respiratory depression and ptosis, the patient was able to complete 5 days of phase I cardiac rehabilitation post operatively and was discharged well and improved. The case reported may be the first locally documented ruptured chordae tendineae with coinciding Myasthenia Gravis who underwent minimally invasive valve replacement with successful treatment outcomes.
SARS-CoV-2 strain-specific anti-spike IgG ELISA utilizing spike protein produced by silkworms
Authors: Goto Takeyuki , Sasaki Tomoki , Chong Yong , Taniguchi Masahiro , Lee Jae Man , Masuda Akitsu , Ebihara Takeru , Shiraishi Kenichiro , Tani Naoki , Yonekawa Akiko , Gondo Kei , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Shimono Nobuyuki , Ikematsu Hideyuki , Akashi Koichi , Kusakabe Takahiro
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: A cost-effective and eco-friendly method is needed for the assessment of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in large populations. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the performance of an ELISA that uses silkworm-produced proteins to quantify the strain-specific anti-Spike IgG (anti-S IgG) titer. METHODS: The OD values for the anti-His-tag antibody, a standard material of ELISA quantification, were measured. Correlations between the ELISA for each strain and the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay for the wild type were evaluated with serum samples from nine participants with various infection and vaccination statuses. RESULTS: Linear dose-responses were confirmed by high coefficients of determination: 0.994, 0.994, and 0.996 for the wild-type, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1) strain assays, respectively. The coefficient of determination for the wild-type and Delta strain assays was high at 0.959 and 0.892, respectively, while the Omicron strain assay had a relatively low value of 0.563. Booster vaccinees showed similar or higher titers against all strains compared to infected persons without vaccination. The Omicron-infected persons without vaccination had lower antibody titers against wild type than did the vaccinated persons. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides data indicating that the ELISA with silkworm-produced proteins makes it possible to discriminate and quantify the strain-specific anti-S IgG antibody induced by vaccination or infection.
Airplane Lavatories: Balancing Human Rights and Public Health Challenges
Authors: Dei Daniel
Published: July 2023

Airplane lavatories have become a contentious issue, raising important questions surrounding human rights, privacy, and public health. This article conceptually explores the public health challenge regarding limited onboard lavatories and examines the delicate balance between passenger comfort, safety, and dignity while addressing the complexities of maintaining hygiene and preventing disease transmission during flights. Focusing on the inadequate availability of lavatories on aircraft, the article explores the challenges posed by the limited number of lavatories in relation to the passenger load. It discusses the psychological discomfort experienced by passengers when using crowded lavatories, highlighting possible instances where individuals choose to endure discomfort rather than utilizing these congested facilities. Furthermore, it delves into the potential violation of privacy resulting from the cramped spaces, emphasizing the need for preserving passengers' privacy and dignity in public settings. The vulnerability of airplane lavatories as breeding grounds for transmittable diseases is also examined. The article attempts to illustrate the risks associated with disease transmission due to the proximity of passengers, insufficient cleaning procedures, and limited ventilation. It underscores the urgent need for increased regulations and standards to address this public health concern and ensure comfortable, safe, and dignified flight experiences for all passengers. The article suggests further studies on disease transmission patterns, the impact of lavatory design, and the efficacy of cleaning protocols. It also advocates for exploring innovative technologies and promoting passenger hygiene practices.
Radome Construction for Modern Submarines: Optimizing Dielectric Loss and Mechanical Strength
Authors: Lavranos George
Published: July 2023

Radomes used in modern submarines require specific characteristics, including high mechanical strength, low dielectric loss, and longevity during sea water submersion. This research paper investigates the selection and optimization of polymers for radome construction, focusing on the reduction of dielectric loss. The main mechanisms contributing to dielectric loss in polymer composites, namely charge polarization and interfacial polarization, are discussed. Through careful selection of resin and filler, commercially available products can be utilized to achieve satisfactory results. This study explores the use of epoxy-fiberglass composites, analyzing the properties of epoxy resin and the influence of crosslinkers, neutral filling groups, and polymerization reactions. The importance of wetting ability, compatibility, and interfacial polarization is addressed. A finite element analysis simulation is conducted to determine the optimal number of layers and wall thickness for withstanding high submarine pressures. A working radome is constructed and tested on a 209 type submarine, exhibiting minimal dielectric losses.
Lansoprazole induced pancreatitis
Authors: Saha Arunava , Mitra Shari
Published: July 2023

Drug-induced pancreatitis is a rare and sometimes fatal cause of pancreatitis which is often difficult to diagnose. Acid suppressing medications include histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors have been linked to acute pancreatitis in several case-reports and recent systematic reviews. However, only one case of lansoprazole induced pancreatitis has been described in literature until date. A 67-year-old female presented with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and worsening generalized weakness for the past 1 week. She had recently been started on lansoprazole therapy for gastroesophageal reflux with no other change in medications. She denied any trauma, recent viral infection, alcohol intake, over-the-counter or herbal medication use. On presentation, she had abdominal distension with tenderness and epigastric guarding. Laboratory investigations were significant for leukocytosis and elevated amylase and lipase with normal triglyceride levels. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast revealed features of acute interstitial pancreatitis with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and no other abnormality. She was diagnosed to have acute pancreatitis secondary to lansoprazole therapy and was managed conservatively. Her symptoms resolved after 3 days of discontinuation of the drug. There have been several cases reporting a potential link between acute pancreatitis and acid suppressing medications. However, drug-induced pancreatitis still remains a diagnosis of exclusion as it is difficult to establish causality. Almost all the acid suppressing medications have been linked to pancreatitis, but a case associated with lansoprazole has only been described once. Further studies are needed to establish causation.
What do different perspectives on epistemology tell us about teaching and learning?
Authors: Sengul Ozden
Published: July 2023

Literature provides several definitions of epistemology in diverse structures and developmental levels. The differences in epistemological perspectives lead to different methodologies in educational research. The methodological and epistemological diversity bring the question of how teaching and learning should be planned and occur in real classroom settings. This article discusses epistemological traditions and their contributions to teaching and learning in education.
Can Digital Human Capital Mitigate CO2 Emissions? Empirical Test for Post-Communist Countries
Authors: Djalilov Bekhzod , Kobiljonov Islomjon , Salahodjaev Raufhon
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the relationship between internet users, a proxy for digital human capital, and CO2 emissions in a sample of Post-Communist countries over the period 1990-2019. The results suggest that internet diffusion is negatively and significantly correlated with CO2 emission even after controlling for other economic antecedents of environmental degradation. Moreover, using fixed effects two-stage least squares estimator, we document that internet has causal impact on carbon emissions. In the full specification, a 10 percentage points increase in internet use leads to 4.2% decrease in CO2 emissions across Post-Communist countries. These results remain intact even when we introduce additional control variables in the model and conduct analysis on sub-samples. The papers highlights that human capital leads to sustainable development in developing countries.
Antecedents of Workplace Energy Saving Behaviour: An Integration of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Norm Activation Model
Authors: Fatoki Olawale
Published: July 2023

Hotels are energy intensive facilities and have contributed to environmental problems such as high consumption of natural resources, high emissions of carbon dioxide and waste pollution. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that can reduce energy (electricity) consumptions in hotels. The study examined the antecedents of employee energy saving behaviour in hotels by integrating the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and the Norm Activation model (NAM). Data was collected from the respondents through the cross-sectional survey method. The Partial Least Square Structural Equation modelling (PLS SEM) was used to analyse data and test the hypotheses. The results indicated that two TPB constructs (attitude and perceived behavioural control) are significantly positively related to energy saving intention. In addition, three NAM constructs (awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility and personal norm) are significantly positively related to energy saving intention. Energy saving behaviour is influenced by intention. Recommendations focus on awareness about the negative effects of energy consumption on the environment through education and training.
Carbon Disclosure, Board Climate Governance and Financial Performance of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Akhanolu Isibor Areghan , Benjamin Ehikioya , Adebayo Mercy , Bolanle Awogbenja Bukola , Bunmi-Alo Adedoyin
Published: July 2023

This study examined the challenges of carbon disclosure and its impact on the performance of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Using equity return (ROE) as the dependent variable and carbon performance (disclosure), board response, board climate incentives, and board environmental committee as the independent variables, the study used panel data analysis to analyze the secondary data gathered from 2014 till 2020. The Hausman test suggested the usage of the fixed effect regression. Findings from the regression result showed that all the independent variables of carbon performance (disclosure), board response, board climate incentives, and board environmental committee positively and significantly impact ROE. The study therefore recommended amongst others that firms should always disclose their carbon disclosure data on their annual data so as to assist both the board and the regulatory authorities in managing carbon emission.
How Does Renewable Energy Consumption Affect Environmental Quality in Saudi Arabia? Evidence from Quantile Regressions
Authors: Abid Mehdi
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy, economic growth and urbanization on CO2 emissions of Saudi Arabia during 1990–2019 period. Using the OLS method and the quantile approach developed by Powell (2022), the results prove that the consumption of renewable energy significantly reduces the level of CO2 emissions; moreover, its impact increases with higher quantiles. On the other hand, non-renewable energy consumption increases CO2 emissions, while its effect decreases with higher quantiles. The empirical results also confirm the validity of the EKC hypothesis for the case of Saudi Arabia. Policymakers should implement policies and regulations to promote the adoption and use of renewable energy to improve environmental quality.