bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linking Written Language to Cognitive Development: Reading, Writing, and Concrete Operations
Authors: Webster Linda , Ammon Paul
Published: March 2024

This study investigated Piagetian measures of concrete operations in relation to specific school-type tasks in an attempt to link cognitive development and school learning. We predicted that the ability to sequence (seriation) would make a unique contributiont o gradef ive childrens’ comprehensiono f a narrativec ompositiont hey read and to the organization of a narrative they wrote. We also predicted that the ability to classify would make a unique contribution to childrens’ comprehension of a comparative exposition and to the organization of their own written comparisons. Two group sessions were conducted to collect narrative and comparative compositions from 65 children. Results indicated that seriation ability was especially relevant to the organization of temporal and causal relationships in their reading and writing of narratives and that classification ability was especially relevant to the organization of similarities and differences in their reading and writing of comparisons. However, analysis also suggested that development of the theoretically relevant cognitive abilities is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for high levels of performance in reading and writing. Moreover, relatively low correlations between reading and writing within the two genres studied suggested support for the view that reading and writing represent somewhat different sets of skills and that there are still other important skills specific to reading or writing.
The Sociocognitive Construction of Written Genres in First Grade
Authors: Chapman Marilyn L.
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the written genres of a group of six children in a first grade classroom. Using the dual lenses of sociocognitive constructivism and emergent literacy, it explores relationships among the children’s genres and between these genres and the social context of the classroom in which the children’s written discourse is situated. Analysis of naturalistic data (using an integrated functionalformal analysis which considered substance, intention, form and context as interrelated dimensions of genre) resulted in a classification scheme which encompassed all genres in the children’s writing.

Analyses of the classroom discourse revealed the children to be active participants in the social dialogue within their classroom. They constructed their written genres in response to the texts with which they engaged during collaborative reading and writing tasks and in response to the ways in which the teacher structured the writing tasks. They acted upon their world by writing about their personal experiences, creating imaginary worlds through drawing and writing and playing with words and ideas.

The genres the children employed came from the morning news, from stories and poems, and from genres that were embedded in their literacy environment or constructed by them in collaboration with their teacher and each other. Both constructiona nd appropriationw ere seen as active processeso n the part of the child rather than as passive imitation or copying from models.
Learning to Write in a Genre: What Student Writers Take from Model Texts
Authors: Charney Davida H. , Carls Richard A.
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the effects of writing models on students’ writing of research texts. The models used by participants varied in quality and in labeling cues. Ninety-five psychology majors were given basic facts, including relevant and irrelevant information, for writing a Method Section for one of two experiments. The control group (N = 22) saw no models. The models groups (N =73) saw three student-written Method sections—either 3 good models (AAA) or 1 good, 1 moderate, and 1 poor model (ABC). Half of each quality group saw the models labeled with grades; the other half saw them unlabeled. Following holistic ratings of the students’ texts, the texts were analyzed for content. The models groups’ texts were rated as better organized than those of the control group. The models also influenced text content. Seeing a proposition in the models increased the likelihood that students would include it in their texts, with the effect being smaller for propositions that appeared only in moderate or poor models. For the writing topic deemed more difficult, the models group included more topical information than the control group, including more essential propositions but also more unnecessary propositions. No systematic benefits emerged from labeling the models or from providing only good models. Students seemed able to judge the relative quality of the models, even without labels. Overall, providing models seems to increase the salience of the topical information considered by student writers for inclusion in their texts
Educational guidance and continuous training of the university professor. Reflections from an experience in Ecuador
Authors: Sánchez Cabezas Patricia , Amaiquema Márquez Francisco Alejandro , Ruíz Porras María Citlali
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, the search for meaning in the tasks of university teachers has led to consider the importance of educational guidance as a type of pedagogical activity aimed at satisfying the change that involves preparing the teacher as a guide and facilitator of opportunities for dialogue and reflection with students so that they can understand their experiences, develop a sense of autonomous and conscious life, as well as an adequate configuration of their life project. However, in order to make this process a reality, teachers must assume educational guidance as the cornerstone of their pedagogical and didactic work. In spite of the clarity of this objective, the antecedents show the historical and present shortcomings that act to its detriment. Qualitative research based on observation, interviews, and focus groups was implemented, which yielded the diagnosis of the state of the question and guidelines for its improvement as the main results. These results led to the conclusion that it is necessary to implement teacher training processes solidly based on theoretical, empirical and practical principles.
Sağlık Çalışanlarında Mobbing ve Zorbalık: Cerrahi Bilimler Örneği
Authors: Osmanoğlu Celal Gökhan , Orhan Fatih
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma, iş yerinde karşılaşılan zorbalık, taciz ve ayrımcılık gibi yaygın sorunları akademik bir bakış açısıyla ele almaktadır. Özellikle cerrahi ortamlarda sıkça karşılaşılan bu sorunların derinlemesine incelenmesiyle birlikte, bu tür olumsuz davranışların yaygınlığı ve ciddiyeti üzerinde durulmaktadır. Zorbalığın fiziksel saldırganlıkla, mobbingin ise küçük düşürücü davranışlarla karakterize edildiği vurgulanarak, bu iki kavram arasındaki fark açıklığa kavuşturulmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu tür olumsuz davranışların çalışanların zihinsel ve fiziksel sağlığı, iş tatmini ve genel iş yeri atmosferi üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri üzerinde durulmaktadır. Araştırma, özellikle kadın cerrahlar ve stajyerler arasında yaygın olan ciddi cinsiyet ayrımcılığı ve cinsel taciz sorununa da vurgu yapmaktadır. Bu tür ayrımcı ve saldırgan davranışların iş yerindeki eşitsizlikleri pekiştirdiğine işaret edilmektedir. Bu zararlı uygulamalarla mücadele etmek için, politika güçlendirmesi, eğitim programları ve hiyerarşik yeniden yapılandırma gibi kapsamlı stratejiler önerilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, hazırlanan bu araştırma cerrahi bilimlerde görev yapan tüm çalışanların refahı ve hasta bakımı için sağlıklı ve destekleyici bir çalışma ortamının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu hedefe ulaşmak için sağlık kurumları ve profesyonellerinin ortak sorumluluk üstlenmeleri gerektiği belirtilmektedir.
Penatalaksanaan Holistik Pasien Asma Persisten Ringan Pada Perempuan Usia 12 Tahun dengan Faktor Pencetus Debu dan Cuaca Dingin Melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga
Authors: Muhammad Reqza Pratama  , Azelia Nusadewiarti
Published: March 2024

Asma merupakan kelainan berupa inflamasi kronik saluran napas yang menyebabkan hipereaktivitas bronkus yang menimbulkan gejala seperti gejala mengi, batuk, sesak napas dan dada terasa berat terutama pada malam dan atau dini hari yang umumnya bersifat reversible baik dengan atau tanpa pengobatan. Penerapan pelayanan dokter keluarga berbasis evidence based medicine pada pasien dengan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko, masalah klinis, serta penatalaksanaan pasien berdasarkan kerangka penyelesaian masalah pasien dengan pendekatan patient centred dan family approach. Studi ini adalah Case Report. Data primer diperoleh melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, kunjungan rumah untuk melengkapi data keluarga dan psikososial, serta lingkungan. Penilaian berdasarkan diagnosis holistik dari awal, proses dan akhir studi secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pada pasien ini, dilakukan intervensi farmakologis dan non farmakologis berupa edukasi dalam mencegah terjadinya serangan asma pada pasien. Pasien An. S usia 12 tahun, memiliki keluhan utama sesak nafas disertai batuk berdahak ketika malam hari. Pasien didiagnosis dengan asma bronkial dan sudah menjalani pengobatan. Faktor risiko internal pasien adalah memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang penyakitnya dan lingkungan rumah pasien yang terdapat paparan debu jalan. Faktor risiko eksternal yang mempengaruhi pasien adalah keadaan rumah yang memiliki ventilasi namun jendela jarang dibuka. Pada pasien dilakukan intervensi berupa penyuluhan tentang penyakit asma, edukasi membersihkan lingkungan rumah dari debu, menggunakan maskersaat beraktivitas, dan mengonsumsi obat dengan teratur. Setelah dilakukan intervensi didapatkan perubahan pengetahuan pasien dan keluarganya.
Management of Housewive, 57 Years Old With Uncontrolled Type 2 of Diabetes Melitus Through Family Medicine Approach in Karang Anyar Health Center 2022
Authors: Vradinatika Anthia , Reni Zuraida
Published: March 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease known as a silent killer with a prevalence of 9.3% of the totalpopulation in the world and 10.7% of the total population in Indonesia according to the International Diabetes Federation(IDF). ) in 2019. The research objective is to implement evidence-based medicine-based family doctor services by identifyingrisk factors, clinical problems and patient management based on a patient-centered and family-centered problem-solvingframework. This study is a case report. Assessment is formulated based on the initial holistic diagnosis, process, and the endof the study qualitatively and quantitatively. The problems found in this case are related to the wrong perceptions of patientsand their families, inappropriate lifestyles, eating patterns and physical activity as well as the lack of support and motivationof family members. After holistic and comprehensive management was carried out, there was an increase in patient andfamily knowledge points about DM from 40 to 90, and a temporary decrease in blood sugar levels from 540 mg/dL to 271mg/dL.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) LAMPUNG TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL PURKINJE CEREBELLUM TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN GALUR Sprague dawley YANG DIINDUKSI MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT
Authors: Ilham Nugroho  , Anggraeni Janar Wulan  , TA Larasati  , Khairun Nisa Berawi
Published: March 2024

Konsumsi monosodium glutamat berlebih mempunyai efek neurotoksik pada otak, salah satunya adalah cerebellum. Senyawa kafein dan asam klorogenat yang terkandung di dalam biji kopi memiliki potensi sebagai anti inflamasi dan neuroprotektif sehingga melindungi tikus dari neurotoksisitas oleh glutamat yang terlibat dengan kematian sel purkinje cerebellum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pendekatan Posttest Only Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 14 hari. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor tikus yang terbagi ke dalam 5 kelompok, yaitu K- (aquades 3,5 ml/hari), K+ (MSG 4 g/kgBB/hari), P1, P2, dan P3 (MSG 4 g/kgBB/hari dan ekstrak biji kopi robusta lampung 1,5 ml/200gBB/hari dengan konsentrasi 0,03 g/ml; 0,06 g/ml; 0,12 g/ml secara berurutan) dengan masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Penghitungan jumlah sel purkinje cerebellum dilakukan dengan cara hitung manual dibantu dengan software Image J dalam 3 potongan pada 5 lapang pandang dengan perbesaran 400x. Hasil rerata jumlah sel purkinje cerebellum pada K-, K+, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berurutan adalah 22,72; 11,88; 22,44; 25,28; 27,12. Uji One Way ANOVA didapatkan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Uji Post Hoc LSD terhadap jumlah sel purkinje menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara K- dengan K+ (p=0,000), K- dengan P3 (p=0,006), K+ dengan P1 (p=0,000), K+ dengan P2 (p=0,000), K+ dengan P3 (p=0,000), serta P1 dengan P3 (p=0,004). Terdapat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) lampung terhadap jumlah sel purkinje cerebellum tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Sprague dawley yang diinduksi monosodium glutamat.
Factors Associated with Influenza-like Illness among Inmates in an All-male Prison, Songkhla Province, Thailand, 2023
Authors: Thanasitthichai Siriyakorn , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Duanyai Chanakan , Yoso Fittra , Bensolaeh Nurulhuda , Malae Sulaiya , Ioewongcharoen Ittapon , Sangsawang Choopong
Published: March 2024

On 9 Feb 2023, the Office of Disease Prevention and Control Region 12Songkhlawas informed of an influenza-like illness (ILI) cluster in an all-male prison in Songkhla Province. We investigated to identify the causative agent, possible sources and risk factors, and provide control measures. We conducted an active case finding by interviewing inmates and officers. Prison facilities and hygiene behaviors of inmates and officers were inspected. A retrospective cohort study was performed. Basic and effective reproductive numbers were estimated. The overall attack rate was 12.6% (474/3,648). Most cases were inmates from Wing C (80.4%). There were no severe cases or deaths. Of ten specimens tested, all were positive for influenza B/Victoria lineage, V1a.3a.2. Fifty-four percent of inmates had received influenza vaccine within the last 12 months. A mismatch between the viral strain in the vaccine and the one causing this outbreak likely contributed to the outbreak as the vaccine provided to the inmates was manufactured during the previous year's influenza season. Vaccine effectiveness was 36.2% against ILI. Having high-risk conditions (adjusted odds ratios (AOR) 2.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27–6.32) and sharing drinking glasses (AOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.21–3.36) were significant risk factors. The basic reproductive number for ILI in this outbreak was 1.36. The effective reproductive number ranged from 0.18–3.69. For effective management of ILI outbreaks in prisons, a continuous program of influenza vaccination following updated World Health Organization recommendations and a comprehensive surveillance system with rigorous respiratory illness management practices are suggested.
An Investigation of the First Non-sexual Household-transmitted Mpox Cluster with Rapid Situation Analysis of Mpox Epidemic in Thailand
Authors: Jirapanakorn Sutham , Sornsurin Warodom , Sangthong Pipat , Pisitpayat Nichakul , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong
Published: March 2024

On 22 May 2023, the mpox cluster was reported in a household in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. We investigated to confirm the outbreak and diagnoses, describe its possible linkage and source, and identify potential fomite transmission. We interviewed all cases, traced their contacts, and swabbed household surfaces for mpox. We conducted a rapid situation analysis of mpox cases in Thailand until July 2023. Three cases were confirmed within the same household involving five individuals. The first case was a sexually active male and the second case was his intimate partner. The third case was the mother of the second case. The first two cases reported no sexual activity after symptoms appeared. They both attended a shaving ceremony and engaged in activities without wearing face masks. The third case had direct contact with her son's droplets and rash and then developed symptoms, without rash and fever. No additional case was detected among participants of the ceremony. One of two other household members tested negative after developing symptom while the other was asymptomatic. Despite house cleaning with 70%-ethanol, before investigation, 18 of 27 environmental swabs tested positive, with cycle threshold values ≥30. Since situation analysis revealed no previously reported non-sexual household mpox transmission, this investigation confirmed its existence. Risk communication should address the plausibility of non-sexual transmission. Mpox symptom may occur without rash and fever, emphasizing the importance of testing suspected individuals and revising mpox investigation guidelines accordingly. Surface cleaning with 70%-ethanol may reduce fomite transmissibility.
The Grammar of Science: Chance and Magnitude
Authors: Kaewkungwal Jaranit
Published: March 2024

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Explaining the Existence of Lightning: Literature Review and an Example of Calculating the Efficiency Value of a Detection System
Authors: Goeritno Arief , Azama Irham Muhammad
Published: March 2024

The existence of lightning as atmospheric electricity should be thoroughly reviewed concerning the process of going over a subject again in a study that can explain its existence. A review in the form of presenting the State-of-the-Art (SotA) of the existence of lightning with objectives is examined, which includes the description of (i) the forming Cumulonimbus (Cb) clouds and lightning generation; (ii) the principles of electromagnetic field measurement; and (iii) the lightning strike detection systems and an example of calculating the efficiency value. A researcher's algorithm for carrying out the study takes the shape of achievement and adherence to explain in the form of literature reviews. Therefore, a flowchart based on the form algorithm can be created. The results and discussion of three main things related to explaining the existence of lightning as atmospheric electricity include forming Cb cloud and lightning generation, electromagnetic field measurement principles, and lightning strike detection systems, which are equipped with an example of calculating the efficiency value. Based on the discussion of three main things, it can be concluded that explanations of many kinds of literature reviewed can elaborate an understanding of the existence of lightning.
The Effect of Capital Structure, Profitability, and Liquidity on Company Value with Company Size as A Moderation Variable
Authors: Oktavia Sella , Ramadhan Yanuar
Published: March 2024

This research aims to test whether the structure of capital, profitability, and liquidity affects the value of the company and whether by adding moderation variables the size of the company can strengthen or weaken independent variables against dependent variables.  It is known that the impact of the COVID-19 virus made some banks suffer losses, and others experienced a decrease in profits that lowered the value of the company, one of which is the banking sector. The population used in this study is financial industry companies, namely banking and components which amounted to 34 companies in the period 2020.  The analysis method used in this study uses a multiple linear regression method consisting of independent variables of capital structure, profitability, company size, and moderation variables namely company size, as well as dependent variables i.e. company values.  Based on the results of the F test it was obtained that all independent variables significantly affect dependent variables. Partially, the results that profitability variables have a significant effect on the value of the company, the size of the company strengthens the influence of profitability on the value of the company, and partially also obtained the result that the variables of capital structure, and liquidity do not significantly affect the value of the company, the size of the company weakens the influence of the capital structure, and liquidity on the value of the company. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the effect of three main factors, namely capital structure, profitability, and liquidity, on the value of the company.
The Crime of Begging in Public Based on Article 504 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code
Authors: Febianti Pepe , Nurkholim Nurkholim
Published: March 2024

The imbalance between job seekers and job recipients makes it difficult for some Indonesians to find work. This study aims to determine the handling of the crime of begging in public based on Article 504 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and also to determine the termination of the crime of begging in public in connection with the Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN. In addition, to determine the suitability of the crime of begging in public based on article 504 of the Criminal Code with article 429 of the new Criminal Code and whether the handling of the crime of begging in public is effective or not. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical with a normative juridical approach. The conclusion of this study is that the handling of the crime of begging in public based on Article 504 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code associated with the Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN Tlg has been implemented appropriately. This is manifested in Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN Plg where the judge ruled that the perpetrators of the crime of begging in public are punishable in Article 504, article 1 (one) of the Criminal Code. So that Article 504 paragraph 1 (one) has not been effectively implemented in the community and the punishment is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. To reduce similar crimes, the government must intervene to deal with the poverty rate in Indonesia so that the level of begging in Indonesia is reduced.
The Effect of Competitive Strategy and Product Quality on Business Performance Study On: Unilever Indonesia Tbk
Authors: Dwi Vidiastutik Cici , Kartono Kartono
Published: March 2024

Currently, in the global market era, many daily necessities are circulating in the world goods market domestic and foreign products. Many companies are developing in Indonesia, both domestic companies and foreign investment companies. One of them is Unilever Indonesia which operates in the primary consumer sector. This research aims to describe efforts to create the influence of competitive strategy and product quality on business performance at Unilever Indonesia Tbk. The urgency of research is to fulfill assignments for the Strategic Management course and as a requirement to take the Final Semester Examination. This research is intended for readers as supporting material for further research in the future and is also useful for writers to develop the process of creating scientific work. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach method with Explanatory Research research, using annual financial data for the last 3-year period. This method aims to find variable relationships that exist in a community. Using company financial reports to determine the results and influence of competitive strategy and product quality on company sales over several decades and determine the effectiveness of company strategy in the company's business performance. This research was created based on references from several journals by previous researchers with variables that are closely related to the title of the research created by the author.
Analysis of The Causes of Delays and Overbudget And Mitigation To Overcome Them In PT.WER Construction Projects
Authors: Faizal Rosyidin Imam , Bayuaji Ridho
Published: March 2024

This study discusses variables that affect delays and overbudget in construction projects at PT. WER. Taking the approach of multiple linear regression analysis and the Relative Important Index (RII), this study shows that the most influential variables for delay and overbudget involve unavailability of manpower, changes in the behavior of the surrounding community, lack of project team knowledge about work sites, lack of knowledge transfer between project teams, and lack of maturity of project team competencies. The results of the study provide an in-depth understanding of the condition of PT. WER, which at certain periods experienced delays and overbudgets on a number of its projects. The proposed mitigation measures involve partnerships with educational institutions to increase the availability of skilled labor, improve communication with local communities, increase project team knowledge through training and guidance, encourage knowledge transfer between project teams, and implement continuous training programs to improve project team competencies. The conclusion of this study provides a foundation for companies to develop more effective mitigation strategies to achieve optimal project success.
Educación para la vida: una necesidad impostergable
Authors: León Raura María Victoria , Mendoza Pérez Melquiades , Giler Quiroz Cleotilde Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo explorar la importancia de la educación para la vida, no solo como herramienta para el éxito individual, sino como una fuerza que empodera a las personas para construir una sociedad más justa y próspera. Desde una investigación de tipo bibliográfica se utilizan métodos teóricos como el análisis documental, el cual permitió el estudio de la bibliografía y documentos, así como, los métodos inductivo y deductivo que permitieron reflexionar en torno a la educación para la vida y arribar a las siguientes conclusiones: Reforzar la importancia de la educación para la vida en la Educación General Básica  y enfatizar la necesidad de una educación que vaya más allá de la mera acumulación de conocimientos; resaltar la importancia de la educación para la vida para el desarrollo personal, social y profesional; defender la educación para la vida como un derecho fundamental para todos; proponer soluciones y estrategias; sugerir acciones para transformar la educación tradicional en una educación para la vida y exhortar a los gobiernos y a las instituciones educativas a invertir en educación para la vida. La educación para la vida es un imperativo para el siglo XXI. Solo a través de una educación que prepare a las personas para los desafíos del mundo actual podremos construir un futuro mejor. Es hora de transformar la educación tradicional en una educación para la vida. Tenemos la responsabilidad de brindar a las nuevas generaciones las herramientas que necesitan para desenvolverse con éxito en un mundo en constante cambio. La educación para la vida es un derecho fundamental para todos. Todos los infantes y jóvenes tienen derecho a una educación que les permita desarrollar su máximo potencial y contribuir a la sociedad. El futuro de la educación está en la educación para la vida. Es hora de que los gobiernos y las instituciones educativas inviertan en este tipo de educación para construir un mundo más justo, equitativo y sostenible.
The Influence Of Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Company Growth, And Audit Quality On Going Concern Audit Opinions And Their Impact On Company Value(Empirical Study On Infrastructure, Transportation, And Logistics Companies In The Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2019-2021)
Authors: Yoshua Yoshua
Published: March 2024

Topo Da’a is one of sub-ethnic of Kaili tribe in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This This study aims to examine the influence of corporate governance mechanisms, company growth, and audit quality on going concern audit opinions and their impact on firm value in infrastructure, transportation, and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2019-2021. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with data analysis through descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, regression analysis, and model feasibility tests. The analysis results show that the independent variables collectively have a significant effect on going concern audit opinions, but not significant on firm value. The results also indicate that going concern audit opinions do not have a significant direct impact on firm value. Partial test results show that audit quality has a negative and significant effect on going concern audit opinions, while other variables are not significant in influencing the level of going concern audit opinions or firm value. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the factors influencing going concern audit opinions and firm value, providing important implications for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers in the field of accounting and management.
Addressing Hunger in South Africa: Food Aid and Food Security Programs for Needy Communities
Authors: Anandi Ghifari Zaka , Azis Aswin Ariyanto
Published: March 2024

Hunger in South Africa is a serious challenge that requires rapid and effective action to address its impacts. This research aims to explore strategies for alleviating hunger through implementing food aid programs and building food security in communities in need. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The research results show that a combination of food aid and food security programs provides the best solution. Food aid can provide direct assistance to families in need, while food security programs aim to empower communities with the skills and resources to produce their own food. The importance of involving interested parties, including government, non-governmental organizations and the private sector, is highlighted in this research. Strong collaboration between various parties can increase the efficiency and positive impact of efforts to overcome hunger. This research makes an important contribution to understanding how best to address hunger in South Africa, providing a holistic and integrated view. It is hoped that the results of this research will serve as a guide for policy makers, humanitarian organizations and the general public in their efforts to combat hunger and improve food security in South Africa.
Analisis Implementasi Program Pengelolaan Sampah (Studi Kasus Desa Talunombo Kec. Sapuran Kab. Wonosobo )
Authors: Ulil Absor Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini membahas tentang Analisis Implementasi Program Pengelolaan Sampah Studi Kasus di Desa Talunombo Kec. Sapuran Kab. Wonosobo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan teori Purposive sampling. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi. Dalam analisis kebijakan menggunakan teori Thomas R Dye. Implementasi menggunakan Peraturan Pemerintah Kabupaten Wonosobo Nomor 4 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Program pengelolaan sampah berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 18 tahun 2008 tentang pengelolaan sampah. Indikator efektivitas menggunakan teori Makmur 2011. Kendalan yang di temukan berdasarkan wawancara di lapangan. Hasil penelitian, bahwa Efektivitas Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Talunombo cukup berjalan secara efektif. Kendala yang di dapatkan peneliti Belum semua warga mengikuti program pengelolaan sampah, Pembiayaan operasional, Manajemen yang masih kurang sempurna, Sulitnya mendapatkan bahan bakar plastik, Masyarakat belum memilah sampah dengan maksimal.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sudah sejauh mana efektivitas program pengelolaan sampah dalam konteks implementasinya pengelolaan sampah di desa Talunombo. Untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi selama pelaksanaan program pengelolaan sampah dan berusaha memberikan solusi terbaik dalam kendala tersebut
Metode : Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian kali ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini merupakan data hasil pencarian pustaka atau wawancara lisan dengan narasumber.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah field research (penelitian lapangan) atau observasi lapangan.
Hasil: Program pengelolaan sampah di desa talunombo sudah sesuai dengan teori Thomas R Dye dalam buku Meutia, 2017 yang berjudul Analisis Kebijakan Publik. karena sudah memuat poin-poin proses pembentukan, substansi dan dampak dari kebijakan-kebijakan tertentu, siapa aktor-aktor yang terlibat dalam perumusan kebijakan, serta apa dampak dari kebijakan tersebut.
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Efektivitas Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Talunombo cukup berjalan secara efektif. Kendala yang di dapatkan peneliti Belum semua warga mengikuti program pengelolaan sampah, Pembiayaan operasional, Manajemen yang masih kurang sempurna, Sulitnya mendapatkan bahan bakar plastik, Masyarakat belum memilah sampah dengan maksimal.
Nutcracker syndrome in childhood
Authors: Özdemir Emine Gülşah , Gülhan Bora
Published: March 2024

Nutcracker phenomenon (NP) is defined as the compression of the left renal vein, often occurring between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Patients with symptoms associated with the Nutcracker anatomy are called “Nutcracker syndrome” (NCS). Renal vein compression results in venous congestion, outlet obstruction, and increased pressure in the left renal vein. The clinical manifestations of NCS in children vary widely depending on the severity of compression. It can range from being asymptomatic to presenting with intermittent or persistent micro or macrohematuria, orthostatic proteinuria, renovascular hypertension, abdominal pain, left-sided flank pain, dysmenorrhea, pain in the testicles or scrotum, and left varicocele. Hematuria, proteinuria, and flank pain are prevalent symptoms. The anatomical and physiological degree of compression of the left renal vein can be diagnosed through Doppler ultrasound (DUS), computer tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In cases with mild symptoms, conservative treatment is an appropriate option, and ACE inhibitors can be used for patients with proteinuria. In more severe cases where conservative approaches and medical treatment fail to yield satisfactory results, endovascular, laparoscopic, or open surgical interventions are employed.
The relative influence of habitat modification on bird assemblage in the University of Notre Dame du Kasaï-Central site in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Punga Kumanenge Julien
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the ‘’ relative influence of habitat modification on bird assemblage’’. To estimate the ecological interest of reforestation on the Campus of Notre Dame du Kasaï site, the birds were photographed, identified and then compared to all species listed in Avibase of the region. The site hosts about 12.4% of species identified throughout the region. The following birds would be new to the Kananga area compared to Kasaï-Central bird Checklist: Bubulcus ibis, Upupa africana, Lanius collaris, Terpsiphone rufocinerea and Camaroptera brevicaudata. This study consists in demonstrating the impact of reforestation on wildlife, particularly birds. This aspect of applied biology is therefore part of the context of conservation biology. The publication of the species is a strategy for their visibility to lovers of eco-tourism based on bird watching. This could attract them and thus contribute to the economy of the region. It is on the basis of all this information that on the one hand, eco-tourism based on bird observations could develop throughout the Kasaï-Central province and on the other hand, strategies for the protection of vulnerable species will be proposed.
Study of the adsorption of Nickel ions on Sodium alginate polymeric membrane in hydrometallurgical effluents
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of sciences and technology, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
Published: March 2024

Mining extraction activities in the Democratic Republic of Congo result in the production of hydrometallurgical effluents containing varying concentrations of metallic ions. These effluents are often discharged into the environment without proper treatment, leading to ecological imbalances and severe illnesses in animals and humans. It is crucial to treat these effluents before releasing them into the natural environment. This study presents a technical approach for developing polymeric membranes capable of adsorbing metallic ions from aqueous solutions of hydrometallurgical effluents. A sodium alginate polymeric membrane was synthesized and characterized using various techniques including X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Fluorescence, Transmission Electronic Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Mechanical Traction. Adsorption experiments were conducted using aqueous solutions of nickel sulphate prepared in the laboratory and hydrometallurgical aqueous solutions from a factory. The results showed that the adsorption of nickel (Ni2+) ions on the polymeric membrane is faster in the hydrometallurgical solution compared to the nickel sulphate solution. This phenomenon appears to be mainly governed by short-range forces such as Van der Waals forces. The Hill-Langmuir model was used to describe the adsorption experiments, and the analysis of the model parameters indicated that the adsorption of Ni2+ ions on the sodium alginate polymeric membrane is more efficient in solutions containing only one type of ion compared to complex aqueous solutions. This is due to the competition between different metallic ions present in complex solutions, which are not the case in the nickel sulphate solution where only Ni2+ ions are present. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the coordination number (n) for Ni2+ ions in a "receiving" site of the polymeric membrane is smaller in the nickel sulphate solution (2.22) compared to the hydrometallurgical aqueous solution (2.85).
The Role of Physical Activity on Some Biochemical Parameters in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Dere Egemen
Published: March 2024

Cancer poses a serious public health problem. Recent studies underscore the crucial role of exercise in enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients, both during and after treatment, and its potential positive impact on treatment outcomes. This article assesses the importance of physical activity in the context of cancer, drawing on current data.
Cancer treatment is a long-term process that includes different methods and strategies. Crafting a treatment plan hinges on factors such as the patient's age, overall health, specific cancer type, and its staging. The main methods of cancer treatment include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, surgical procedures, targeted therapies, hormone therapy and stem cell transplantation. One of the ways to reduce the side effects that occur in patients treated with one or more of these methods is to do aerobic and resistance exercises.
Research emphasizes the increasing importance of physical activity in cancer treatment. This period is characterized by increased emotional stress. Regular exercise has proven benefits. Exercise stimulates the release of endorphins, reduces depression, anxiety and promotes better sleep quality. Furthermore, it serves to alleviate side effects such as fatigue, muscle loss, weight gain, and diminished bone density. Additionally, regular exercise contributes to fortifying the immune system, enhancing resistance against infections. Notably, a research highlights that women with breast cancer exhibit a reduced risk of cancer recurrence when they incorporate exercise into their lives
Exercise in cancer treatment exerts a significant influence on enzyme activities, potentially leading to alterations in metabolic processes. Enzyme activities may either rise or fall based on their impact on metabolism. Notably, exercise has been shown to boost the activity of antioxidant enzymes while simultaneously diminishing oxidative stress. This effect holds particular importance when considering cancer treatment, as oxidative stress is known to facilitate the growth and dissemination of cancer cells
In conclusion, it can be said that the importance of exercising during and after cancer treatment is increasingly understood. However, since each patient's cancer is unique, physical activities need to be individually tailored and monitored by experts.
Cerrahi Alan Enfeksiyonlarında Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalar
Authors: Yaman Aktaş Yesim , Saraydemir Öykü
Published: March 2024

Cerrahi Alan Enfeksiyonları (CAE), nozokomiyal enfeksiyon etiyolojilerinin önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Ameliyat sonrası 30 ya da 90 gün içinde gelişen CAE’ler, morbidite ve mortaliteyi arttıran, iş gücü kaybına sebep olan, bireyi fiziki ve psikolojik olarak olumsuz etkileyen multifaktöriyel bir komplikasyondur. CAE oluşumunda yaş, cinsiyet, kronik hastalık varlığı, sigara kullanımı, steroid tedavisi, nutrisyonel durum gibi hastaya ilişkin ve ameliyat süresi, cilt hazırlığı, antimikrobiyal profilaksi gibi ameliyat sürecine ilişkin faktörler rol oynar. Ameliyat öncesi, sırası ve sonrası dönemde cerrahi alan enfeksiyonlarını önlemeye yönelik farklı kanıt düzeylerinde uygulamalar mevcuttur. Bu nedenle, perioperatif sürecin her aşamasında CAE’yi önlemeye yönelik kanıta dayalı yöntemlerin uygulanması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Cerrahi hemşireleri, CAE yönetiminde perioperatif sürecin her aşamasında hastanın yanında olan sağlık profesyonelleri olarak önemli bir rol üstlenmektedirler. Bu sebeple süreç boyunca planladıkları bakım girişimlerinde CAE’yi önlemeye yönelik bilgi ve becerilerini doğru kullanmaları oldukça önemlidir. Bu derlemede, cerrahi alan enfeksiyonlarına ilişkin kanıta dayalı uygulamaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Adli Psikiyatride Ceza Sorumluluğu Değerlendirmesi: Gözlem İhtisas Dairesinin Yıllık Analizi
Authors: Doğan Mehmet , Boylu Muhammed Emin , Saygılı Sefa
Published: March 2024

Amaç
Bu çalışma, ceza sorumluluğu değerlendirilmesi için gönderilen, ceza sorumluluğunun olmadığı veya azaldığı yönünde karar verilen olguların sosyodemografik, klinik özellikleri ve cezai sorumlulukları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç-Yöntem
T.C. Adalet Bakanlığı Adli Tıp Kurumu Gözlem İhtisas Dairesi’ne 2022 yılında ceza sorumluluğu ve farik mümeyyizlik değerlendirmesi için gönderilen 1322 olgudan ceza sorumluluğu olmadığı belirlenen 75 olgu ve ceza sorumluluğunun azalmış olduğu tespit edilen 16 olgu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Olguların mütaalalarına UYAP sistemi üzerinden ulaşılmış, raporlarında mevcut bulunan iddianame, tanık, sanık ifadeleri ve tıbbi belgeleri incelenerek oluşturulan sosyodemografik-klinik veri formuna işlenmiş ve istatistiksel analizi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular
Ceza sorumluluğu olmadığı tespit edilen 75 olgunun % 68’inin (51) erkek, %32’sinin (24) kadın olduğu, suç sırasında yaş ortalamalarının 42,52 (13,16) ve kurumumuza başvurduklarında yaş ortalamalarının 45,62 (13,56) olduğu saptanmıştır. Olguların eğitim yılı ortalamasının 9,05 (4,6) olduğu, %44’ünün bekar, %29,3’ünün dul/boşanmış, %26,7’isinin ise evli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Olguların %90,6’sının insana yönelik suçlarla, %9,33’ünün ise mala yönelik suçlarla gönderilmiş oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Tıbbi belgelerinde %36’sının ‘organik olmayan psikotik bozukluk’ tanı koduyla takip edilmiş olduğu, dairemizde ise %35’inin raporlarında karar tanısı ‘psikotik bozukluk’ ve %14’ünün ‘eksitasyon’ olarak kaydedildiği saptanmıştır. Ceza sorumluluğunun azalmış olduğu tespit edilen 16 olgunun 2’sinin kadın olduğu ve karar tanılarının 15’inin ‘hafif derecede mental retardasyon’, 1’inin ise ‘organik kişilik bozukluğu’ olarak saptandığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç
Bu çalışmanın bulguları, olguların suçtan önce dış merkezlerde aldıkları tanılarıyla, alkol madde kullanım mevcudiyeti, işlevselliklerini değerlendiren parametreler gibi verilerle birlikte bütüncül değerlendirilmesiyle cezai sorumluluğun belirlenmesine ilişkin değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Ceza sorumluluğu değerlendirilmesinde olguların dosyalarındaki adli tıbbi belgelerin eksiksiz olması adli psikiyatrik değerlendirmede bulunan profesyoneller açısından oldukça önemlidir.
A buzzword tour of 2021 in Neuro and AI
Authors: Valente Adrian
Published: March 2024

Between self-supervised approaches for transfer learning, contrastive losses and representational similarity analysis, these last few years were as rich in ideas as buzzing with confusing words. Here is a little dictionary to celebrate the end of 2021. If you have time for only one entry, check out the self-supervised learning one above all!
Low-rank RNNs in ten minutes
Authors: Valente Adrian
Published: March 2024

This post is an attempt at summarizing results obtained over five years of research in the laboratory of Srdjan Ostojic, at ENS Paris, on the uses of low-rank RNNs, in a ten-minutes read. Let’s see if that’s enough to catch your interest!  This post has been written with invaluable inputs from several lab members, in particular Friedrich Schuessler, Francesca Mastrogiuseppe and Srdjan Ostojic. Many thanks to them!  Why low-rank RNNs?
Nanotechnology and The Use of Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Wheat Growing
Authors: Çığ Fatih , Toprak Çağdaş Can , Erden Zeki
Published: March 2024

The rapid increase in the human population and the improvement in the living standards of many countries in the world cause the increasing supply of agricultural land to be unmet. Therefore, soil fertility is gaining importance day by day and soil texture is becoming a strategic element. With the development of nanotechnology, the usability of nanoparticles in many fields, especially in agriculture, has started to be investigated or discussed. Studies in agricultural nanotechnology have generally focused on using less pesticides, increasing yields or developing stress-resistant crops. Some studies in this field have started to yield positive results. However, more studies are needed for nanotechnology to be used in agriculture. Because deciding on the use of nanoparticles is an issue that can be reached in the long term. In recent years, the application of nanotechnology-based applications in agriculture is one of the strategies that attract the attention of researchers. Nanotechnology explores a wide spectrum of applications in the fields of biotechnology and agriculture sector, creating a broad spectrum for various applications. Nanotechnology has become a new technology that can be used in various industries such as industry, medicine, food science and safety, smart packaging and agriculture. Nanotechnology, which has been used in many stages of agriculture in recent years, has been widely applied in product production, development, processing, packaging, storage and transportation, and has brought about major changes in food and agricultural systems. It is also used to increase plant resistance and to control the efficacy and safety of pesticides and fertilizers. Thus, the application of nanostructured materials designed for sustainable crop production reduces nutrient losses, suppresses diseases and increases yields. In this study, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and targets for the use of nanotechnology and nanoparticles in wheat agriculture were identified and presented.
Dimensión política y socioeconómica de la corrupción en Latinoamérica: análisis de casos emblemáticos
Authors: Santa Cruz Raúl Coronel
Published: March 2024

La deshonestidad está intrínseca en cada gobierno y tiene un impacto en el progreso, los recursos compartidos y la inversión útil del capital comunitario, un incremento en la corrupción principalmente se refleja en la utilización personal de los recursos estatales, lo cual reduce la efectividad del gasto en productos y servicios. Se empleó una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados en revistas científicas indexadas. La búsqueda se desarrolló con la Base de Datos de Google Académico.