bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altered Arterial Stiffness, Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function in Young Smokers in Response to One-Bout of Aerobic Exercise: MICE vs. HIIE
Authors: Hwang Jisun , Lee Ruda , Kim Jin-Su , Hwang Moon-Hyon
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on arterial stiffness, cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in young smokers.METHODS: Young smokers (23.1 years & 7.2 pack years) were randomly assigned to either MICE (n=5) or HIIE (n=4) group. MICE was implemented at 70% of HRmax for 30 minutes. HIIE was performed at 70% and 90% of HRmax for 24 minutes. Central artery stiffness was assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), augmentation index (AIx) at pre and post-exercise, and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 24 hours following the exercises. Cerebral blood flow was continuously monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy technique before and during exercise, and at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 24 hours following the exercises. Cognitive function was assessed by Stroop Color-Word test at pre-exercise, and 30 minutes and 24 hours following the exercises.RESULTS: There was no significant group by time interaction in cfPWV, AIx, cerebral blood flow (HbO2) level, and cognitive function. Compared with MICE, cfPWV was increased (p=.01) at 30 minutes but AIx was decreased (p=.02) at 1 hour following HIIE. When MICE and HIIE combined, arterial stiffness and cerebral blood flow measures, and cognitive function parameters were improved following even one-bout of exercise (p≤.049). Change in AIx was associated with change in cognitive function at 30 minutes following the exercises (r=.69, p=.06).CONCLUSIONS: Even one-bout of either MIIE or HIIT acutely improves aortic wave reflection, cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in young smokers. The intensity of aerobic exercise does not seem to make meaningful differences in the positive effects on arterial stiffness, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive function in young smokers if both exercises have the same volume.
O guardião dos campos: um estudo sobre o comportamento do quero-quero Vanellus chilensis (Aves: Charadriiformes) no sul do Brasil
Authors: Delfino Henrique C. , Carlos Caio J.
Published: September 2020

RESUMO O quero-quero Vanellus chilensis (Molina, 1782) é uma ave típica do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, mas possui ampla distribuição geográfica nos campos da América do Sul, sendo conhecido pelo canto imponente e pelos comportamentos relacionados com a agressividade e a territorialidade. Apesar de ser reconhecido como animal símbolo do estado, nenhum trabalho acerca dos comportamentos dessa ave foi desenvolvido no estado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo qualificar e quantificar o repertório comportamental de V. chilensis. Observações dos comportamentos dessa ave foram feitas em uma área de campo com oito hectares, no município de Torres, RS, entre dezembro de 2017 e novembro de 2018, totalizando 143 horas de observação. Utilizou-se a metodologia de observação de todas as ocorrências e observação de animal focal, coletando-se dados de frequência de ocorrência e duração de cada comportamento. Com os dados construiu-se um etograma. Registrou-se 23 comportamentos divididos em cinco categorias: locomoção, manutenção, alimentação, social-agonista e reprodução. Identificaram-se três formas de vocalização distintas em sonoridade, duração e ocasião, o que sugere diferentes funções para cada uma. As análises comprovaram a variação da maior parte dos comportamentos ao longo dos meses do ano, tanto em frequência como em duração. Constatou-se o aumento dos comportamentos sociais-agonistas e reprodutivos durante a estação reprodutiva, enquanto outras categorias como alimentação e manutenção apresentaram diminuição nesse período, havendo maior empenho dos animais na proteção dos ninhos e filhotes. O trabalho permitiu a caracterização dos comportamentos de V. chilensis no sul do Brasil, auxiliando no entendimento das relações entre espécie e ambiente típico da região.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of Non-peripherally 3- (pyridin-4-yl) propane-1-oxy Groups Substituted Cu (II) Phthalocyanine and Water Soluble Derivative
Authors: SAKA Ece Tuğba
Published: September 2020

Cu (II) phthalocyanine compound and its water-soluble derivative containing 3- (pyridin-4-yl) propane-1-oxy groups in non-peripheral positions were synthesized for the first time and their structures were elucidated. The photocatalytic properties of Cu (II) phthalocyanine compounds, which were synthesized and characterized, were investigated on the photocatalytic degradation reactions of 4-nitrophenol, one of the important environmental pollutants. In the photocatalysis reactions that took place in the photoreactor for 2 hours without using any oxidant, 4-nitrophenol compound was completed with 94.4% and 98.6% conversion to toxic and non-harmful species. The hydroquinone compound was identified as the main product and the benzoquinone compound as the by-product. The conversion number for the non-peripheral Cu (II) phthalocyanine compound and its water-soluble derivative was 471 and 488 and the conversion frequency was 235.5 and 244,0 respectively. Finally, recovery studies were carried out for water soluble Cu (II) phthalocyanine used as photocatalyst and the number of cycles was determined as 5.
CSK based on Priority Call Algorithm for Detection and Securing Platoon from Inside Attacks
Authors: AL SHEIKHLY Mohammed , KURNAZ Sefer
Published: September 2020

The platooning is an emerging concept in VANETS that involves a group of vehicles behaving as a single unit via the coordination of movement. The emergence of autonomous vehicles has bolstered the evolution of platooning as a trend in mobility and transportation. The autonomous vehicles and the elimination of individual and manual capabilities introduces new risks. The safety of the cargos, passenger and the advanced technology had increased the complication of the security concerns in platooning as it may attract malicious actors. In improving the security of the platoon, the threat and their potential impacts on the vehicular systems should be identified to ensure the development of security features that will secure against the identified risks. In this paper, two critical types of security breaches were identified those are Sybil attack and Delay attacks. Those security attacks can be somewhat disruptive and dangerous to the regular operation of the platoon leading to severe injuries, increased fuel consumption and delay the performance of the network. The research in this paper focuses on design, detection and the mitigation of attacks in a vehicle platoon. priority call algorithm in combination with color-shift keying modulation is used to protect the platoon alleviating the undesirable impacts such as collisions, oscillations and disintegration in the platoon caused by the attacks.
A Practical Distributed Lightweight Multi-Hop Time Synchronization Algorithm for Linear Wireless Sensor Networks Implemented on a PIC Based System with Realistic Experimental Analysis
Authors: ERPAY Ahmet , AL IMRAN Md Abdullah , KARA Ali
Published: September 2020

Time synchronization is fundamental in the distributed networked systems, especially in Wireless Sensor Networks where a global time is essential to make sense of the events like collection of data and scheduled sleep/wake-up of nodes. There exists numerous time synchronization algorithms and techniques in the literature. Nonetheless, these proposed methods lack realistic experimentation of the synchronization process which is vital from the realization point of view. This study aims to bridge that gap by presenting a distributed lightweight time synchronization protocol implemented on an inexpensive PIC platform. Furthermore, PIC-based systems hadn’t been investigated before and gives an idea of the simplicity of the algorithm. Experimental analysis was done to see the performance of the protocol. The core motivation of the experiments was to the study the impact of the environment (e.g. indoor, outdoors, temperature variations and interference) on the synchronization. Our findings show that temperature indeed impedes the synchronization accuracy.
Investigation of the Frequency and Voltage Dependent Dielectric Properties of Au/n-SiC Metal Semiconductor (MS) and Au/Al2O3/n-SiC Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) Structures
Authors: ERSÖZ DEMİR Gülçin , YÜCEDAĞ İbrahim
Published: September 2020

In this study, we investigated the fabrication of Au/n-SiC (MS) and Au/Al2O3/n-SiC (MIS) type structures with atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique and their dielectric properties. The dielectric characteristics of structures were analyzed at frequency range of 1 kHz-500 kHz and by applying a (-3V)-(9V) bias voltage at 300 K. The significant dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss (ε"), real and imaginary parts of electrical modulus (M' and M"), loss tangent (tan) were calculated by depending on frequency and voltage from capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G/-V) data. Thereby, the effect of frequency on MS and MIS was searched in detail. The effect of the interface states occurred in the low frequency region can be attributed to the variation of the characteristic behavior of these parameters. It is clear that the dielectric parameters highly depend on the frequency and voltage at depletion and accumulation regions. Moreover, the peak position of M shifts to the left side of the graphic due to the effect of the insulating layer. It can be deduced from the obtained results that the interfacial polarization is easier at low frequencies. Also the interfacial polarization can contribute more to the variation of the dielectric properties.
Fosil polen analizlerinde kullanılan antropojenik göstergelerin değerlendirilmesi ve arazi kullanım şekilleri
Authors: ÖREN Aziz
Published: September 2020

Paleocoğrafya araştırmalarında geçmişteki insan faaliyetleri ve insanın ortam üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Göl ve bataklık sedimanlarından elde edilen fosil polen verileri arazi üzerindeki insan faaliyetlerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan en yaygın dolaylı kayıtlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada fosil polen kayıtlarında insan etkisinin yorumlanmasında kullanılan ve belirli arazi kullanım şekillerini yansıtan antropojenik göstergelerin bir arada verilmesi ve bu alandaki araştırmacıların kullanımına sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Bunu gerçekleştirmek için güncel polen ve fosil polen analizi çalışmalarına ait bulgular ve değerlendirmeler ve bunların farklı lokasyonlarda yer alan fosil polen analizi bulgularına uyarlanması esas alınmıştır. Tarihsel süreçte insan faaliyetlerinin farklı şekilleri belirli dönemlerde farklı bitki türlerinin dolayısıyla farklı polen birliklerinin ortaya çıkmasına ya da yayılmasına neden olmuştur. Bu polen birliklerinin fosil polen diyagramlarında kullanılması sonucunda insan etkisi ve bazı arazi kullanım şekilleri belirlenebilmektedir. Şimdiye kadar gerçekleştirilen polen çalışmalarının değerlendirilmesi sonucunda tarım arazileri, terk edilmiş tarım arazileri, otlatma ve tarım faaliyetlerinden etkilenen araziler, doğal ormanların tahrip edildiği araziler olmak üzere dört farklı arazi kullanım şekli ve bu arazileri işaret eden en yaygın antropojenik göstergeler belirlenmiştir.
Testing platelet aggregation activity v1
Authors: Mansurova Jamilya , Karazhanova Ludmila , Zhunuspekova Aisulu
Published: September 2020

Aggregatometry is based on the ability of platelets to activate and form cell aggregates under the influence of inductors. During the analysis, changes in the light transmission of platelet-rich plasma are recorded as a result of the interaction of platelets through the IIb / IIIa glycoprotein receptors in response to stimulation by the inducer. The work of optical aggregometer is based on this principle. When assessing platelet aggregation according to G. Born and J. O'Brien, platelets are activated at 37°C by adding one of the agonists (1,2). Then, platelet aggregation occurs and transparency in the blood sample increases, which leads to an increase in the aggregation curve.
WAREHOUSE STORAGE OF GRAIN CONTRACT: ITS CONCEPT AND SPECIFICS
Authors: Iakubovych I.
Published: September 2020

The Law of Ukraine "On Grain and the Grain Market in Ukraine" of 4 July 2002 defines grain as the fruits of cereals, legumes and oilseeds used for food, seed, fodder and technical purposes. Peculiarities of grain as a valuable agricultural raw material determine the peculiarities of its storage, which affects the specifics of legal regulation in this area. The article clarifies the characteristics of a grain storage contract, substantiates the list of its essential conditions, examines the legal nature and features of grain storage documents, identifies shortcomings in the legal regulation and execution of grain storage contracts, and substantiates proposals to eliminate them. It is established that the legal nature of the contract of warehouse storage of grain is manifested in the following: it is a contract for the provision of services; it is a public contract; it is a written contract; it is a bilateral contract; as a rule, it is a retaliatory contract; it is a fixed-term contract; it is a real contract; concluded in a special order; it is a contract of accession. The article proves that the essential terms of the grain storage contract are: the subject matter of the contract (grain storage services with preservation of its quality and prevention of losses above natural); the object of the contract (grain of a certain type, class, quantity, which is defined in the contract of grain storage); the term of the contract (with an indication of a certain period of time or without specifying the one that determines the validity of the contract to the first claim of the pledgor). In order to simplify the circulation of grain storage documents and reduce the level of abuse in the grain market, it is proposed to amend Article 961 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Grain and Grain Market in Ukraine" and the Law of Ukraine "On Certified Warehouses and Simple and Double Warehouse Certificates" in order to provide the legal possibility of issuing warehouse certificates in electronic form. Keywords: a double warehouse certificate; grain; grain storage; a grain storage contract; grain storage documents; a simple warehouse certificate; a warehouse receipt.
Desenvolvimento, validação e utilização de material educativo sobre armazenamento correto de medicamentos
Authors: Oliveira Débora Marques de , Jesus Patrícia Romualdo de , Zucco Bernardo dos Santos , Panosso Émily dos Santos , Rocha Verginia Margareth Possatti , Bayer Valéria Maria Limberger , Ries Edi Franciele
Published: September 2020

Estudo metodológico de construção de material educativo impresso (MEI) sobre armazenamento correto de medicamentos nos domicílios e validação por 50 usuários dos serviços de saúde e 52 juízes – profissionais da área de saúde. O MEI aborda a maneira correta de armazenar medicamentos, riscos de degradação, ineficiência e intoxicação acidental. A validação de conteúdo foi estabelecida a partir do Level Content Validity Index(CVI) maior que 0,8 para juízes, os quais avaliaram a relevância de informações, clareza, compreensão de texto e ilustrações e aplicabilidade do material. Os usuários analisaram o MEI quanto aos parâmetros de aparência, motivação, conteúdo e organização escrita. Todos os itens foram considerados relevantes pelos avaliadores e o CVI-médio entre juízes foi de 0,96, e entre os usuários, de 0,94. O MEI validado foi utilizado em ações de promoção da saúde apresentando-se como uma ferramenta altamente relevante, técnica e acessível para conscientização sobre o armazenamento correto de medicamentos.
Conservação de vacinas na Atenção Primária à Saúde: realidade em capital do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Fonsêca Wanessa Cristina Filgueiras , Dibai Daniela Bassi , Dias Rosane da Silva , Rêgo Adriana Sousa , Firmo Wellysson da Cunha Araújo , Silva Flor de Maria Araújo Mendonça , Felipe Ilana Mírian Almeida
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a qualidade da conservação das vacinas em Unidades da Atenção Primária à Saúde em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e avaliativo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Aplicou-se parte do instrumento PAISSV 2.0 do Programa Nacional de Imunização, com profissionais da enfermagem entre agosto de 2016 e janeiro de 2017. Utilizou-se análise estatística descritiva. Avaliou-se 48 (92,3%) salas de vacinas. Na dimensão estrutura, destaca-se a ausência de câmaras refrigeradas e de instrumentos de monitoramento e controle da temperatura em 100% das salas avaliadas. Quanto ao processo de conservação, evidenciou-se que nenhuma das salas realizava a distribuição das vacinas nas prateleiras, conforme recomendações técnicas. 43 (89,6%) salas foram classificadas como não adequadas e nenhuma considerada adequada. A prática da conservação de vacinas ainda é incipiente, com inadequação da estrutura e processo de trabalho. Estas lacunas podem comprometer a erradicação e o controle das doenças imunopreveníveis.
Práticas exitosas em atividade física na Atenção Primária à Saúde: elaboração do conceito
Authors: Benedetti Tânia Rosane Bertoldo , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Sandreschi Paula Fabricio , Manta Sofia Wolker , Alencar Cruz Danielle Keylla , Almeida Fabio , Mendonça Braulio Cesar de Alcantara
Published: September 2020

Elaborar o conceito de práticas exitosas em atividade física (AF) na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Para análise conceitual empregou-se as etapas: (1) seleção do conceito; (2) determinação dos objetivos; (3) identificação dos possíveis usos do conceito e (4) determinação dos atributos. Foram utilizados análise documental, questionário online, oficina e painel de especialistas. Os participantes foram gestores, coordenadores, profissionais de saúde, usuários e pesquisadores da APS das cinco regiões do Brasil. Para análise foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo, por meio do software NVivo. O conceito de prática exitosa em AF na APS foi definido como uma ação que promove aumento da AF dos participantes por meio de um processo planejado, replicável e sustentável que garante e promove a participação e autonomia. Os atributos foram: planejamento, sustentabilidade, replicação, participação e autonomia. O conceito com seus atributos é essencial para orientar o planejamento, implementação e avaliação de uma prática exitosa em AF na APS.
Óleo essencial de eucalipto e resposta cardiovascular em idosos após sessão aguda de exercício isométrico
Authors: Vieira Charles de Souza , Almeida Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva , Teixeira-Araujo Alfredo Anderson , Cruz Loumaíra Carvalho da , Vale Thamires Santos do , Moreira Sérgio Rodrigues
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar o efeito agudo do óleo essencial de eucalipto (OEE) nas respostas cardiovasculares de repouso e após sessão de exercício resistido isométrico (ERI). Vinte idosos, após serem submetidos a sessões experimentais com inalação de OEE ou condição controle, permaneceram em recuperação durante 60 min (Rec-60’) para depois realizaram três séries de 1 min (1 min de recuperação entre séries) no ERI, para membro superior dominante em aparelho de preensão manual, com intensidade de 30% da contração voluntária máxima (ERI-30%). Intervalos R-R (iRR) e medidas no domínio da frequência (low frequency – LF e high frequency – HF) além da pressão arterial (PA), frequência cardíaca (FC) e duplo produto (DP) foram avaliados. Não ocorreram diferenças (p>0,05) quando comparadas as sessões (OEE vs.controle) na Rec-60’ e ERI-30%. Diferenças foram encontradas no fator tempo do repouso para Rec-60’ nas variáveis FC e iRR e do repouso para ERI-30% na PA sistólica, PA diastólica e DP. A inalação do OEE não proporcionou alterações significativas nas respostas cardiovasculares e autonômicas de idosos no repouso e após sessão de ERI-30%.
Controle social do programa de alimentação escolar em um município de grande porte
Authors: Barbosa Roseane Moreira Sampaio , Henriques Patrícia , Ferreira Daniele Mendonça , Soares Daniele da Silva Bastos , Velloso Caroline Faria , Silva Joyce Maria Pereira da , Dias Patrícia Camacho
Published: September 2020

Analisar o perfil de atuação do Conselho de Alimentação Escolar (CAE) de um município de grande porte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa de análise documental de normativas federais e das atas públicas das reuniões do CAE durante o mandato de 2013 a 2016. A coleta de documentos foi realizada no sítio eletrônico do Ministério da Educação e no sítio eletrônico oficial da prefeitura do município estudado. Verificou-se tendência temporal nos documentos do governo federal de reforçar o papel fiscalizador do CAE, e a análise das atas do município apontou convergência com essa concepção fiscalizadora, focada nos processos burocráticos do recurso, prestação de contas, comunicação de irregularidades aos órgãos de controle e emissão de relatórios. Que o perfil de atuação do CAE é moldado pela concepção que predomina nos marcos legais, se destacando como fiscalizador e majoritariamente técnico.
SUBCULTURES OF PROVINCE: A TRIBUTE TO THE CAPITAL'S FASHION OR A REQUEST FROM THE YOUTH SPHERE? (ON MATERIALS OF THE HIP-HOP SUBCULTURE)
Authors: Kuzovenkova Yu. A
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the causes that led to the spread of hip-hop subculture in regional cities of Russia. We decompose the time period covering the end of the 1990s - the beginning of 2000s. Material for the study are semistructured interviews taken from representatives of this subculture during this period. Fashion for this subculture from Moscow is not the only reason for the spread of hip-hop in Samara. The study showed that the spread of hip-hop in Samara was strongly influenced by the social situation in which young people lived in the first decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Young people felt a deep social and spiritual crisis in the country. There were several youth subcultures in the city in this background: skinheads, rastamans, rockers, hip-hop. The materials of the interviews allow us to say that a choice of young people among these subcultures bases on their priorities and values. The representatives of hip-hop have two key priorities: a healthy lifestyle and creative selfrealization. Subculture of hip-hop has become for teenager’s special cultural space that is different from the dominant cultural which had strong value uncertainty. We believe that the spread of the hip-hop subculture in regional cities was not only a tribute to the capital fashion, but also a means of overcoming the social crisis arised from the collapse of the USSR.
Aínda non raiaba o día
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

O tempo no que o investigador foi mozo é sometido a análise histórica, trazando un panorama crítico, e ao mesmo tempo densamente informativo, sobre un período da historia educativa de Galicia, no que se estaban a dar os primeros pasos cara á posterior conquista insuficiente da educación democrática.
La renovació pedagògica a la postguerra en Catalunya (1950-1980)
Authors: Monés i Pujol-Busquets Jordi
Published: September 2020

Jordi Monés, el máis cregut analista de la historia educativa contemporánea de Catalunya, presenta l’escenario educatiu catalán dels pasados anys sesenta i setanta; un escenario on, malgrat de totes les limitacións introduïdes pel franquisme, es construïa con peces procedents dels impulsos del movement de l’Escola Nova i de la pròpia memòria republicana, el que aviat iría ser la Nova Escola Pública Catalana.
Antom Santos & Uxío-Breogán Diéguez (2010). Antón Moreda. Memoria do exilio
Authors: Malheiro Gutiérrez Xosé Manuel
Published: September 2020

Recensión do libro de Antom Santos e Uxío Breogan Diéguez arredor da vida de Antón Moreda. Unha peza máis da historia próxima que se compón de moitas voces anónimas as máis das veces silenciadas ate non fai moito tempo.
De Galicia, España e máis alá. Historia da educación en Galicia
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

De Galicia, España e máis alá. Historia da educación en Galicia. Notas de actualidade (2011-2012).
O espaço histórico-educativo luso-brasileiro
Authors: Gonçalves Vidal Diana
Published: September 2020

O espaço histórico-educativo luso-brasileiro. Secção do Brasil.
Raquel Vázquez Ramil (2012). Mujeres y educación en la España contemporánea. La Institución Libre de Enseñanza y la Residencia de Señoritas de Madrid
Authors: Cotelo Guerra Dolores
Published: September 2020

Recensión do libro do que é autora Raquel Vázquez Ramil e que leva por título Mujeres y educación en la España contemporánea. La Institución Libre de Enseñanza y la Residencia de Señoritas de Madrid.
José Ramón Rodríguez Lago (2012). La iglesia católica en Galicia (1910-1936). Entre la Revolución de Portugal y la Cruzada de España
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

Recensión do libro La iglesia católica en Galicia (1910-1936). Entre la Revolución de Portugal y la Cruzada de España, publicado no ano 2012 e do que é autor José Ramón Rodríguez Lago.
Raimundo Cuesta Fernández, Enrique Díez Gutiérrez, Juan Mainer Baqué & Julio Mateos Montero (2011). Reformas y modos de educación en España: entre la tradición liberal y la tecnocracia
Authors: Terrón Bañuelos Aida
Published: September 2020

Reseña de la separata  del número 11 (2011) de la Revista Andorra de la que son autores Raimundo Cuesta Fernández, Enrique Diez Gutiérrez, Juan Mainer Baqué y Julio Mateos Montero, que lleva por título "Reformas y modos de educación en España: entre la tradición liberal y la tecnocracia".
The Effects of Code-switched Instruction on L2 Learning: a Research Synthesis
Authors: Reschke Pires Daniel
Published: September 2020

A ideia de que o ensino de línguas deve ser feito exclusivamente na língua-alvo e de que os ‘falantes nativos’ são melhores professores ainda existe. Nesse contexto, há professores de língua que acreditam que a alternância de códigos é prejudicial ao aprendizado da língua-alvo, enquanto outros entendem que o uso da língua materna pode beneficiá-lo (Tian Macaro, 2012). Buscando entender o que as pesquisas encontraram sobre os efeitos do ensino de línguas com alternância de código, realizamos uma síntese de pesquisa de estudos publicados entre 2008 e 2018. Nossas perguntas de pesquisa foram 1) quais são os efeitos da instrução com alternância de código no aprendizado de segunda língua? 2) este tipo de instrução leva a melhores resultados? e 3) quais são os contextos das pesquisas que investigaram a alternância de código e quem sãos seus participantes? Oito dos nove estudos encontrados apontam que a instrução com alternância de código obteve melhores resultados do que a instrução feita exclusivamente na língua-alvo, com efeitos positivos sendo reportados em todos eles. Assim, entendemos que a alternância de código não é necessariamente um sinal de falta de competência linguística e que ela não é prejudicial à aprendizagem de línguas.
A webaula sob a perspectiva da multimodalidade: uma análise de uma aula digital de espanhol para ensino a distancia
Authors: Araújo Antônia Dilamar , Moura Lopes Paulo Henrique , Albuquerque Sousa Maria Áurea
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar de que forma se dá a multimodalidade em uma webaula a partir de dois modelos: um pelo viés da Semiótica Social, o GeM (BATEMAN, 2013) e outro pelo campo da Psicologia Educacional (MÜLLER et al., 2013) sobre classificação de graus de multimodalidade em objetos de aprendizagem. O objeto de análise foi uma webaula produzida para um curso de Licenciatura em Língua Espanhola na modalidade à distância. A análise descritiva e qualitativa revela que há a predominância do modo verbal sobre os demais modos semióticos mesmo com os affordances do suporte em que está disponibilizado, não integrando ao material as potencialidades dos recursos semióticos que podem promover uma aprendizagem mais significativa em situação de educação a distância ou mesmo presencial.
Purification of Waste Water from Petroleum Products with the Use of Combined Sorbents
Authors: Domracheva V.A. , Trusova V.V. , Ostapchuk D.E.
Published: September 2020

The results of the study on the purification of model water from petroleum products with the concentration of 15 to 100 mg/dm3with the use of polyethylene foam (PE foam) and polypropylene foam (PP foam) polymer chips a well as the carbon ABZ sorbent as sorbents were presented. The sorption process was carried out under dynamic conditions. The model waters were purified with PE foam and PP foam polymer chips, the purification efficiency was up to 91%. To increase the purification efficiency of model waters from petroleum products, the model solutions were purified from petroleum products through a combined loading - PE foam chips and ABZ sorbent. It is shown that the use of a combined loading allows to reduce the concentration of petroleum products in waste water to standard values. The results of chromatography - mass spectrometric analysis confirm the high efficiency of waste water purification from petroleum products.
МЕТОД ИНТЕГРАЛЬНОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ КАРДИОРЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЭКСПЕРТНОГО БАЛЛЬНОГО И РАНГОВОГО ОЦЕНИВАНИЯ
Authors: Сурушкин М.А. , Нестеров В.Г. , Игрунова С.В. , Нестерова Е.В.
Published: September 2020

В статье представлено описание метода комплексной оценки состояния кардиореспираторной системы организма человека путем автоматизированного построения системного функционального профиля, включающего статические с точки зрения оценки текущего состояния физиологические параметры: возраст, пол, рост и вес, а также динамические показатели функционирования кардиореспираторной системы (фракция выброса желудочков сердца, частота сердечных сокращений, коэффициент использования кислорода, минутный объем дыхания, минутный объем кровообращения, ударный объем крови) в виде лепестковой диаграммы, и дальнейшей экспертной балльной и ранговой оценки профиля в компьютерной системе с целью накопления банка экспертных данных и разработки базы знаний, основанных на экспертных правилах. Сохранение результатов ранжирования динамических показателей функционального профиля в банке данных с экспертными оценками позволит разработать правила принятия решений для экспертной системы мониторинга функционального состояния.
Is it possible to replenish oil in abandoned fields due to the interaction of hydrothermal solutions with enclosing bituminous and carbonous rocks? (Experiment with the participation of fluid inclusions)
Authors: Balitsky Vladimir S. , Balitskaya Lyudmila V. , Setkova Tatyana V. , Golunova Mariya A. , Bublikova Tatyana M.
Published: September 2020

The article considers the possibilities of oil and gas replenishment in previously worked out fields on the basis of experimental data on the interaction of bituminous and carbonaceous rocks with hydrothermal solutions and the simultaneous growth of quartz with fluid inclusions in them. These solutions can generate and transport oil and gas in pre-critical, sub- and supercritical states. The data obtained confirm the ideas of a number of petroleum geochemists about the migration of liquid hydrocarbons in the Earth’s interior in the form of high-temperature homogeneous, including supercritical fluids, and also explains the possibility of deep metamorphism of oil and the formation of the deepest fields of dry gas and graphite. It is especially important that the results of experimental studies using synthetic water-hydrocarbon inclusions make it possible to state that depleted oil fields can replenish lost oil and gas due to the interaction of hydrothermal solutions with the surrounding host bituminous and carbonaceous rocks.
Giant and major-size oil and gas fields worldwide in basement reservoirs: state-of-the-art and future prospects
Authors: Koning Tako
Published: September 2020

Oil and gas occurs in basement reservoirs in many parts of the world. The reserves of basement fields are as small as one or two million barrels of oil or gas-equivalent such as the Beruk Northeast pool in Sumatra, Indonesia to over 1.0 billion barrels of oil as in Viet Nam’s Bach Ho field and Libya’s Augila-Naafora field. This paper focuses on three giant-size oil and gas fields and six major-size fields. Exploration for oil and gas in basement has been remarkably successful in the past decade with important discoveries in basement in Indonesia, United Kingdom, Norway, Chad, and Argentina. In order to successfully develop basement oil and gas fields and also to avoid costly mistakes, all available geological, geophysical, reservoir engineering and economic data must be closely studied. Also, it is very important to study analogues worldwide of basement oil and gas fields in order to understand why some fields are very successful and others turn out to be technical and economic failures.
Análise e Desenvolvimento de um Retificador Híbrido Monofásico Bidirecional com Compensação Série no Barramento CC para Aplicações em Microrredes
Authors: Barbosa Vítor F. , Neto Antônio O. C. , Lima Gustavo B. , Rodrigues Danillo B.
Published: September 2020

O artigo proposto apresenta os trabalhos atrelados ao desenvolvimento de um Retificador Híbrido Monofásico Bidirecional composto por um retificador bidirecional (RNC/IPC) e um conversor SEPIC isolado. No lado de corrente alternada (CA) é realizada uma associação em paralelo a fim de assegurar a composição da corrente de entrada com reduzido conteúdo harmônico, tanto no modo de operação como retificador quanto como inversor. No lado de corrente contínua (CC) é realizada a associação série dos capacitores de filtro de saída a fim de assegurar a regulação de tensão no barramento CC e a divisão de contribuição de potência entre os conversores. O desempenho do conversor proposto é avaliado no contexto de microrredes CC conectadas à rede CA de alimentação. A técnica de controle descentralizada desenvolvida promove a regulação do barramento CC da microrrede mesmo diante das intermitências inerentes às fontes de geração distribuída (GD), tais como a energia fotovoltaica. Os resultados teóricos e práticos apresentados neste trabalho evidenciam a eficácia da solução proposta.
Brief Analysis of Legal Conflicts and Countermeasures in Enterprise Marketing Activities
Authors: Xu Jicheng
Published: September 2020

The marketing activity is a very important link in the enterprise management. To a certain extent, it also determines the survival and development of an enterprise. Some legal problems in marketing activities often cause inevitable losses to enterprises. Clarifying and avoiding possible legal problems in each link of marketing activities can reduce many unnecessary losses of enterprises and enhance their competitiveness in the market. This paper analyzes the legal conflicts that may exist in the marketing activities of enterprises and puts forward countermeasures to make enterprises improve their market competitiveness and status with better legal awareness and different marketing strategies.
CaracterÃ­sticas De Salud Y Seguridad En Trabajadores De Una Empresa Automotriz
Authors: Rodriguez-Morales Mayra Rita , Ruiz-Vargas Nancy Viridiana , Gallegos-Torres Ruth Magdalena
Published: September 2020

IntroducciÃ³n: El lugar de trabajo es mÃ¡s que el espacio donde lostrabajadores prestan sus servicios, por lo tanto, las condiciones de estoslugares pueden afectar de manera significativa el desempeÃ±o y laproductividad de los empleados. Objetivo: Describir las caracterÃ­sticas desalud y seguridad presentes en los trabajadores de una empresa automotriz dela ciudad de QuerÃ©taro, a travÃ©s de un mapeo de riesgos utilizando el mÃ©todoFINE. MetodologÃ­a. Estudio transversal, descriptivo, realizado en unaempresa de giro automotriz implementando un mapa de riesgo, siguiendo elmÃ©todo FINE. Se consideraron trabajadores de sexo indistinto, con antigÃ¼edadmÃ­nima de 6 meses, de las Ã¡reas de mantenimiento y reparaciÃ³n, que aceptaranparticipar en el estudio y firmaran el consentimiento informado. El proyectofue evaluado y registrado ante un ComitÃ© de InvestigaciÃ³n y BioÃ©tica. ElanÃ¡lisis de los datos se realizÃ³ mediante estadÃ­stica descriptiva. Se cuidaronlos principios Ã©ticos de la investigaciÃ³n en humanos. Resultados: La zonaevaluada consta de un total de 42 individuos, siendo de ellos en su mayorÃ­ahombres, con un 71% (30), rango de 18 a 59 aÃ±os de edad. La estÃ¡tica posturaldespunta con un 71% (30) de los trabajadores. Se encontrÃ³ la presencia de unriesgo moderado y grave. ConclusiÃ³n:Resulta relevante abordar a lostrabajadores desde un aspecto personal y familiar, puesto que estos factoresresultan de importancia debido a que pueden potencializar la fuentegeneradora de un daÃ±o a la salud por causa de los diversos riesgos existentesen los lugares de trabajo.
Introduction: The workplace is something else than just a space where workers provide their services. Therefore, conditions prevailing in these places may significantly affect employee performance and productivity. Objective: To describe health and safety features prevailing in the workers of an automotive company in Queretaro City by mapping risks, using the FINE method. Methodology. Transversal, descriptive survey applied at an automotive branch company implementing a risk map, following the FINE method. It will cover indistinct gender workers with a minimum of 6-month seniority from the maintenance and repair areas, who shall accept to take part in the study and sign an informed consent. The project was evaluated and registered with the Research and Bioethics Committee. Data analysis was made by descriptive statistics. The ethical principles of research on humans were taken into account. Results: The evaluate zone has a total of 42 individuals, mostly men, with a 71% (30), range of 18 to 59 years of age. Static posture deploys with 71% (30) of the workers. The presence of moderate and severe risks has been found. Conclusion: Addressing workers from a personal and family perspective is relevant; these factors are important as they may strengthen a health damage-producing source caused by several risks existing at work places.
A Brazil-Quebec joint venture on universities and participatory development
Authors: Tremblay Gaëtan , Marinho Marcelo
Published: September 2020

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Editorial
Authors: Revista Interações Conselho de Redação
Published: September 2020

Editorial
TÜRKİYE’DE DEĞİŞEN MADUN SİYASETİ VE AK PARTİ’NİN İKTİDAR OLUŞUNA İLİŞKİN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Gürbüz
Published: September 2020

“Madun” kavramı, toplumdaki göçmen, gecekonducu, işsiz, evsiz, işportacı gibi alt kesimleri içine almaktadır. Bu kesimlere yönelik birçok çalışmanın yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bunlar arasında, özellikle Asef Bayat’ın İran özelinde yaptığı çalışmalar ilgi çekmektedir. Bayat’ın görüşleri, Türkiye’de de kendisini göstermiş ve madun siyasetinin farklı görünümleri 1990’ların ortasına kadar sürmüştür.

Bayat’ın ifadesiyle, tek amaçları hayata tutunabilmek olan madunların, siyasetten doğrudan hiçbir beklentileri bulunmamaktadır. Ancak bu ruh hali, 1990’larda belediyelerde iktidar olmaya başlayan Refah Partisi’nin sosyal belediyecilik uygulamalarının etkisiyle değişmeye başlamıştır. Yeni süreç, Türkiye’de siyaseti derinden etkileyecek şekilde, madunları doğrudan siyasete yöneltmiş ve onları dikkate alanların seçim kazandığı bir dönem başlatmıştır. Sonuçta, siyasete damgasını vurmaya başlayan madun kesimler, kendilerine yönelik politikaları önceleyen AK Parti’yi iktidar yapmış ve bu iktidarın uzun yıllar devamını sağlamıştır.

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de değişen madun siyaseti ve madunların AK Parti’sin iktidar olma süreciyle ilişkisi ele alınacaktır. Bu çerçevede; öncelikle Türkiye’de madunlar ve madun siyaseti ortaya konulacaktır. Sonrasında, madunların değişen siyaseti ve bunu hazırlayan ortam aktarılacaktır. Nihayetinde ise, bu değişimin, madunlara yönelik politikaları öne çıkaran AK Parti’yi iktidar yapma ve iktidarda tutma süreci değerlendirilecektir.
Externally Monitored Versus Conventional Buried Flaps in Laryngopharyngeal Reconstruction
Authors: Ban Myung Jin , Na Gina , Ko Sungchul , Kim Joohyun , Heo Nam Hun , Choi Eun Chang , Park Jae Hong , Kim Won Shik
Published: September 2020

Objectives. To compare the surgical outcomes of externally monitored and conventional buried flaps with the goal of determining the usefulness of external monitoring of buried flaps.Methods. In this case-control study with propensity score matching, 30 patients were evenly divided into externally monitored buried flap and conventional buried flap groups. The total operative time for free flap reconstruction, the flap survival rate, the length of hospital stay, the initial time of a reliable visual assessment, complications, the final diet achieved, and the duration until diet initiation were compared between the groups.Results. The mean operative time for reconstruction was 115 minutes (interquartile range, 85–150 minutes) and 142 minutes (interquartile range, 95–180 minutes) in the externally monitored and conventional groups, respectively (P= 0.245). The median length of hospital stay was 24 days (interquartile range, 18–30 days) and 27 days (interquartile range, 20–41 days) in the externally monitored and conventional groups, respectively (P=0.298). The median duration until diet initiation was 15 days (interquartile range, 15–21 days) and 18 days (interquartile range, 15–34 days) in the externally monitored and conventional groups, respectively (P=0.466). The final diet, initial time of a reliable visual assessment, and complications were comparable between the groups, but the external skin paddle provided an excellent visual assessment immediately postoperatively in all cases.Conclusion. The outcomes were comparable between the groups, indicating that externalization of the cutaneous component of a buried flap may be a straightforward and useful technique for monitoring a buried anterolateral thigh free flap in laryngopharyngeal reconstructions. The salvage and false-positive rates of compromised flaps should be compared in large subject groups in future studies to prove that the use of an external skin paddle improves flap monitoring.
Intermediate to Long-Term Follow-up of Cementing Liners into Well-Fixed Acetabular Components
Authors: Bedard Nicholas A. , Tetreault Matthew W. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Lewallen David G. , Trousdale Robert T. , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P.
Published: September 2020

Background:

The cementation of a new liner into a well-fixed acetabular component is common during revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for many indications, but most commonly for lack of a modern, compatible, highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) liner. However, little is known about the intermediate-term to long-term durability of this strategy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implant survivorship, risk of complications, clinical outcomes, and radiographic results of cementing a new HXLPE liner into a well-fixed acetabular component.

Methods:

We retrospectively identified 323 revision THAs in which a nonconstrained HXLPE liner was cemented into a well-fixed acetabular component. The mean age at the time of the revision THA was 63 years, and 50% of patients were female. The most common indications for revision THA were polyethylene wear and osteolysis (48%), aseptic femoral loosening (35%), and hip instability (8%). The mean follow-up was 9 years.

Results:

Polyethylene liner failure occurred in 11 cases (3%). In all cases, the cemented liner dissociated from the acetabular component. At 10 years, the survivorship free from any revision was 80% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75% to 84%) and the survivorship free from any reoperation was 77% (95% CI, 72% to 82%). The most common reason for re-revision was dislocation (45% of reoperations). A dislocation occurred in 17% of cases. Hips that underwent revision for instability were significantly more likely to dislocate compared with hips that underwent revision for liner wear (hazard ratio [HR], 2.3 [95% CI, 1.2 to 4.5]; p = 0.02). Elevated rim or face-changing liners were significantly more likely to dissociate than flat liners (HR, 9.0 [95% CI, 1.2 to 70.6]; p = 0.04).

Conclusions:

Cementation of a nonconstrained HXLPE liner into a well-fixed acetabular component during revision THA provided durable fixation with only a small number of failures at the cement interface (3%). Instability after this procedure remains a concern, but this is multifactorial in nature. These data support the continued use of this technique, when necessary, during revision THA.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Universal Testing for COVID-19 in Essential Orthopaedic Surgery Reveals a High Percentage of Asymptomatic Infections
Authors: Gruskay Jordan A. , Dvorzhinskiy Aleksey , Konnaris Maxwell A. , LeBrun Drake G. , Ghahramani Gregory C. , Premkumar Ajay , DeFrancesco Christopher J. , Mendias Christopher L. , Ricci William M.
Published: September 2020

Background:

The long incubation period and asymptomatic spread of COVID-19 present considerable challenges for health-care institutions. The identification of infected individuals is vital to prevent the spread of illness to staff and other patients as well as to identify those who may be at risk for disease-related complications. This is particularly relevant with the resumption of elective orthopaedic surgery around the world. We report the results of a universal testing protocol for COVID-19 in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery during the coronavirus pandemic and to describe the postoperative course of asymptomatic patients who were positive for COVID-19.

Methods:

A retrospective review of adult operative cases between March 25, 2020, and April 24, 2020, at an orthopaedic specialty hospital in New York City was performed. Initially, a screening questionnaire consisting of relevant signs and symptoms (e.g., fever, cough, shortness of breath) or exposure dictated the need for nasopharyngeal swab real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for all admitted patients. An institutional policy change occurred on April 5, 2020, that indicated nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR testing for all orthopaedic admissions. Screening and testing data for COVID-19 as well as relevant imaging, laboratory values, and postoperative complications were reviewed for all patients.

Results:

From April 5, 2020, to April 24, 2020, 99 patients underwent routine nasopharyngeal swab testing for COVID-19 prior to their planned orthopaedic surgical procedure. Of the 12.1% of patients who tested positive for COVID-19, 58.3% were asymptomatic. Three asymptomatic patients developed postoperative hypoxia, with 2 requiring intubation. The negative predictive value of using the signs and symptoms of disease to predict a negative test result was 91.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 81.0% to 97.1%). Including a positive chest radiographic finding as a screening criterion did not improve the negative predictive value of screening (92.5% [95% CI, 81.8% to 97.9%]).

Conclusions:

A protocol for universal testing of all orthopaedic surgery admissions at 1 hospital in New York City during a 3-week period revealed a high rate of COVID-19 infections. Importantly, the majority of these patients were asymptomatic. Using chest radiography did not significantly improve the negative predictive value of screening. These results have important implications as hospitals anticipate the resumption of elective surgical procedures.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.