bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Tasks and Hands-Off Time: A Descriptive Analysis Using Video Review
Authors: Taeb Mahsheed , Schwartz Jamie M. , Spaeder Michael C. , Levin Amanda B.
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

To characterize tasks performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in association with hands-off time, using video recordings of resuscitation events.

Design:

Single-center, prospective, observational trial.

Setting:

Twenty-six bed cardiac ICU in a quaternary care free standing pediatric academic hospital.

Patients:

Patients admitted to the cardiac ICU with cardiopulmonary resuscitation events lasting greater than 2 minutes captured on video.

Interventions:

None.

Measurements and Main Results:

Videos of 17 cardiopulmonary resuscitation episodes comprising 264.5 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were reviewed: 11 classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (87.5 min) and six extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitations (177 min). A total of 209 tasks occurred in 178 discrete time periods including compressor change (36%), rhythm/pulse check (18%), surgical pause (18%), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation preparation/draping (9%), repositioning (7.5%), defibrillation (6%), backboard placement (3%), bagging (<1%), pacing (<1%), intubation (<1%). In 31 time periods, 62 tasks were clustered with 18 (58%) as compressor changes and pulse/rhythm check. In the 178 discrete time periods, 135 occurred with a pause in compressions for greater than or equal to 1 second; 43 tasks occurred without pause. After accounting for repeated measures from individual patients, providers were less likely to perform rhythm or pulse checks (p < 0.0001) or change compressors regularly (p = 0.02) during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation as compared to classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The frequency of tasks occurring during cardiopulmonary resuscitation interruptions in the classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation group was constant over the resuscitation but variable in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, peaking during activities required for cannulation.

Conclusions:

On video review of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, we found that resuscitation guidelines were not strictly followed in either cardiopulmonary resuscitation or extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation patients, but adherence was worse in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Clustering of resuscitation tasks occurred 23% of the time during chest compression pauses suggesting attempts at minimizing cardiopulmonary resuscitation interruptions. The frequency of cardiopulmonary resuscitation interruptions task events was relatively constant during classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation but variable in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Characterization of resuscitation tasks by video review may inform better cardiopulmonary resuscitation orchestration and efficiency.
Jiella pacifica sp. nov., isolated from the West Pacific Ocean
Authors: Xue Zehao , Zhu Sidong , Chen Xiunuan , Chen Ting , Ren Na , Chen Yong , Dong Bingxia , Shen Xudong , Huang Yizhe , Yang Jifang , Chen Jigang
Published: June 2020

A Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain 40Bstr34T, isolated from a sediment sample from the West Pacific Ocean, was taxonomically characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The strain was phylogenetically close toJiella aquimarisLZB041TandJiella endophyticaCBS5Q-3T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.5 and 97.1 %, respectively. The genome of strain 40Bstr34Tfeatured a G+C content of 65.7 % for a 5.8 Mb chromosome. Up-to-date bacterial core gene set analysis revealed that strain 40Bstr34Trepresents one independent lineage withJ.aquimarisLZB041T.In silicoDNA–DNA hybridization values between strain 40Bstr34Tand its phylogenetic neighbours ranged from 30.3–34.2 %, below the cutoff of 70 %. In addition, the corresponding average nucleotide identity values were between 81.8–83.7 %, which are lower than 95 % threshold. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain 40Bstr34Twere summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω6cand/or C18 : 1 ω7c), cyclo-C19 : 0 ω8cand iso-C17 : 03-OH, and ubiquinone-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. Based on the results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic analyses, strain 40Bstr34Tis identified as representing a novel species of the genusJiellafor which the nameJiella pacificasp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 40Bstr34T(=JCM 33903T=MCCC 1K04569T).
Starmera foglemanii sp. nov. and Starmera ilhagrandensis sp. nov., two novel yeast species isolated from ephemeral plant substrates
Authors: Moreira Juliana D. , Morais Camila G. , Oliveira Fernanda L. C. , Santos Ana Raquel O. , Schlindwein Clemens , Lachance Marc-André , Rosa Carlos A.
Published: June 2020

Four isolates of two novel ascosporogenous species belonging to the clade Starmera were obtained from cactus tissues and rotting wood in Brazil. Results of analyses of the sequences of the ITS and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene indicated that the two isolates of the cactophilic species are related to Starmera caribaea and Starmera pilosocereana, yeasts that are associated with cacti and require an organic source of sulfur for growth. We propose the novel species Starmera foglemanii sp. nov. (CBS 16113T; MycoBank number: MB 834400) to accommodate these isolates. The other two isolates are phylogenetically related to Candida dendrica, Candida laemsonensis and Candida berthetii, also in the Starmera clade. The novel species name Starmera ilhagrandensis sp. nov. (CBS 16316T; MycoBank number: MB 834402) is proposed for this species.
DREIMT: a drug repositioning database and prioritization tool for immunomodulation
Authors: Troulé Kevin , López-Fernández Hugo , García-Martín Santiago , Reboiro-Jato Miguel , Carretero-Puche Carlos , Martorell-Marugán Jordi , Martín-Serrano Guillermo , Carmona-Sáez Pedro , González-Peña Daniel , Al-Shahrour Fátima , Gómez-López Gonzalo
Published: June 2020

Motivation

Drug immunomodulation modifies the response of the immune system and can be therapeutically exploited in pathologies such as cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Results

DREIMT is a new hypothesis-generation web tool which performs drug prioritization analysis for immunomodulation. DREIMT provides significant immunomodulatory drugs targeting up to 70 immune cells subtypes through a curated database that integrates 4,960 drug profiles and ~2,6K immune gene expression signatures. The tool also suggests potential immunomodulatory drugs targeting user-supplied gene expression signatures. Final output includes drug-signature association scores, FDRs and downloadable plots and results tables.

Availability

http://www.dreimt.org

Contact

falshahrour@cnio.es;ggomez@cnio.es
Structural basis for no spectral shift of heliorhodopsin by counterion mutation
Authors: Tanaka Tatsuki , Singh Manish , Shihoya Wataru , Yamashita Keitaro , Kandori Hideki , Nureki Osamu
Published: June 2020

Microbial rhodopsins comprise an opsin protein with seven transmembrane helices and a retinal as the chromophore. Anall-transretinal is covalently-bonded to a lysine residue through the retinal Schiff base (RSB) and stabilized by a negatively-charged counterion. The distance between the RSB and counterion is closely related to the light energy absorption. However, in heliorhodopsin-48C12 (HeR-48C12), while Glu107 acts as the counterion, E107D mutation exhibits an identical absorption spectrum to the wild-type, suggesting that the distance does not affect its absorption spectra. Here we present the 2.6 Å resolution crystal structure of theThermoplasmatalesarchaeon HeR E108D mutant, which also has an identical absorption spectrum to the wild-type. The structure revealed that D108 does not form a hydrogen bond with the RSB, and its counterion interaction becomes weaker. Alternatively, serine cluster, S78, S112, and S238 form a distinct interaction network around the RSB. The absorption spectra of the E to D and S to A double mutants suggested that S112 influences the spectral shift by compensating for the weaker counterion interaction. Our structural and spectral studies have revealed the unique spectral shift mechanism of HeR and clarified the physicochemical properties of HeRs.
Hidden heterogeneity and co-occurrence networks of soil prokaryotic communities revealed at the scale of individual soil aggregates
Authors: Szoboszlay Márton , Tebbe Christoph C.
Published: June 2020

Sequencing PCR-amplified gene fragments from metagenomic DNA is a widely applied method for studying the diversity and dynamics of soil microbial communities. Typically DNA is extracted from 0.25 to 1 g of soil. These amounts, however, neglect the heterogeneity of soil present at the scale of soil aggregates; and thus, ignore a crucial scale for understanding the structure and functionality of soil microbial communities. Here we show with a nitrogen-depleted agricultural soil the impact of reducing the amount of soil used for DNA extraction from 250 mg to approx. 1 mg in order to access spatial information on the prokaryotic community structure as indicated by 16S rRNA-gene amplicon analyses. Furthermore, we demonstrate that individual aggregates from the same soil differ in their prokaryotic communities. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences from individual soil aggregates allowed us, in contrast to 250 mg soil samples, to construct a co-occurrence network that provides insight into the structure of microbial associations in the studied soil. Two dense clusters were apparent in the network, one dominated byThaumarchaeota, known to be capable of ammonium oxidation at low N concentrations, and the other byAcidobacteriasubgroup 6 probably representing an oligotrophic lifestyle to obtain energy from SOC. Overall this study demonstrates that DNA obtained from individual soil aggregates provides new insights into how microbial communities are assembled.
Synthetic Heparan Sulfate Mimetic Pixatimod (PG545) Potently Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 By Disrupting The Spike-ACE2 interaction
Authors: Guimond Scott E. , Mycroft-West Courtney J. , Gandhi Neha S. , Tree Julia A. , Le Thuy T , Spalluto C. Mirella , Humbert Maria V. , Buttigieg Karen R. , Coombes Naomi , Elmore Michael J. , Nyström Kristina , Said Joanna , Setoh Yin Xiang , Amarilla Alberto A. , Modhiran Naphak , Sng Julian D.J. , Chhabra Mohit , Young Paul R. , Lima Marcelo A. , A.Yates Edwin , Karlsson Richard , Miller Rebecca L. , Chen Yen-Hsi , Bagdonaite Ieva , Yang Zhang , Stewart James , Hammond Edward , Dredge Keith , Wilkinson Tom M.A. , Watterson Daniel , Khromykh Alexander A. , Suhrbier Andreas , Carroll Miles W. , Trybala Edward , Bergström Tomas , Ferro Vito , Skidmore Mark A. , Turnbull Jeremy E.
Published: June 2020

Heparan sulfate (HS) is a cell surface polysaccharide recently identified as a co-receptor with the ACE2 protein for recognition of the S1 spike protein on SARS-CoV-2 virus, providing a tractable new target for therapeutic intervention. Clinically-used heparins demonstrate inhibitory activity, but world supplies are limited, necessitating alternative solutions. Synthetic HS mimetic pixatimod is a drug candidate for cancer with immunomodulatory and heparanase-inhibiting properties. Here we show that pixatimod binds to and destabilizes the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (S1-RBD), and directly inhibits its binding to human ACE2, consistent with molecular modelling identification of multiple molecular contacts and overlapping pixatimod and ACE2 binding sites. Assays with multiple clinical isolates of live SARS-CoV-2 virus show that pixatimod potently inhibits infection of monkey Vero E6 and human bronchial epithelial cells at concentrations within its safe therapeutic dose range. Furthermore, in a K18-hACE2 mouse model pixatimod demonstrates that pixatimod markedly attenuates SARS-CoV-2 viral titer and COVID-19-like symptoms. This demonstration of potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity establishes proof-of-concept for targeting the HS-Spike protein-ACE2 axis with synthetic HS mimetics. Together with other known activities of pixatimod our data provides a strong rationale for its clinical investigation as a potential multimodal therapeutic to address the COVID-19 pandemic.
Succinate accumulation links mitochondrial MnSOD depletion to aberrant nuclear DNA methylation and altered cell fate
Authors: Cramer-Morales Kimberly L. , Heer Collin D. , Mapuskar Kranti A. , Domann Frederick E.
Published: June 2020

Previous studies showed that human cell line HEK293 lacking mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) exhibited decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, and mice lacking MnSOD displayed significant reductions in SDH and aconitase activities. Since MnSOD has significant effects on SDH activity, and succinate is a key regulator of TET enzymes needed for proper differentiation, we hypothesized thatSOD2loss would lead to succinate accumulation, inhibition of TET activity, and impaired erythroid precursor differentiation. To test this hypothesis, we genetically disrupted theSOD2gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic strategy in a human erythroleukemia cell line (HEL 92.1.7) capable of induced differentiation toward an erythroid phenotype. Cells obtained in this manner displayed significant inhibition of SDH activity and ~10-fold increases in cellular succinate levels compared to their parent cell controls. Furthermore,SOD2−/−cells exhibited significantly reduced TET enzyme activity concomitant with decreases in genomic 5-hmC and corresponding increases in 5-mC. Finally, when stimulated with δ-aminolevulonic acid (δ-ALA),SOD2−/−HEL cells failed to properly differentiate toward an erythroid phenotype, likely due to failure to complete the necessary global DNA demethylation program required for erythroid maturation. Together, our findings support the model of an SDH/succinate/TET axis and a role for succinate as a retrograde signaling molecule of mitochondrial origin that significantly perturbs nuclear epigenetic reprogramming and introduce MnSOD as a governor of the SDH/succinate/TET axis.
Deciphering the regulatory logic of aDrosophilaenhancer through systematic sequence mutagenesis and quantitative image analysis
Authors: Le Poul Yann , Xin Yaqun , Ling Liucong , Mühling Bettina , Jaenichen Rita , Hörl David , Bunk David , Harz Hartmann , Leonhardt Heinrich , Wang Yingfei , Osipova Elena , Museridze Mariam , Dharmadhikari Deepak , Murphy Eamonn , Rohs Remo , Preibisch Stephan , Prud’homme Benjamin , Gompel Nicolas
Published: June 2020

Transcriptional enhancers are short DNA sequences controlling the spatial activity, timing and levels of eukaryotic gene transcription. Their quantitative transcriptional output is thought to result from the number and organization of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs). Yet, how the various aspects of regulatory information are encoded in enhancer sequences remains elusive. We addressed this question by quantifying the spatial activity of theyellow spotenhancer active in developingDrosophilawings. To identify which enhancer DNA sequence contributes to enhancer activity, we introduced systematic mutations along the enhancer. We developed an analytic framework that uses comprehensive descriptors to quantify reporter assay in transgenic flies and measure spatial variations in activity levels across the wing. Our analysis highlights an unexpected density of regulatory information in thespotenhancer sequence. Furthermore, it reveals an unanticipated regulatory logic underlying the activity of this enhancer, and how it reads the wingtrans-regulatory landscape to encode a spatial pattern.
Strategies for Controlling the Spread of COVID-19
Authors: Forgoston Eric , Thorne Michael A.S.
Published: June 2020

We consider a deterministic epidemiological compartmental model that includes age and social contact structure for the COVID-19 crisis and explore the consequences of different strategies for easing current lockdown measures that are in place in many countries. We apply the model to the specific circumstances in the state of New Jersey, in the United States of America. As expected, only a rigorous program of testing, tracing and isolation of cases will allow the state to ease its lockdown with a reduced number of deaths. We also find that a slightly earlier date of lockdown, while reducing the number of deaths in the short term, will only reduce the total number of deaths in the long run if the ensuing strategies in easing the lockdown are carried out with the aforementioned test, trace and isolation program. Otherwise, a slightly earlier lockdown will result in increased deaths as the expected second wave of infection sweeps through the state in the coming months.
Modelling COVID-19 using the Fundamentals of Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Rabbani Harris Sajjad , Osei-Bonsu Kofi , Osei-Bonsu Peter Kwame , Seers Thomas Daniel
Published: June 2020

As of 21st May 2020, there have been 4.89M confirmed cases worldwide and over 323,000 deaths of people who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of COVID-19, has not only caused widespread morbidity and mortality, but has also led to a catastrophic breakdown in the global economy and unprecedented social disruption. To lessen the global health consequences of COVID-19, sweeping COVID-19 lockdown and quarantine measures have been imposed within many nations. These measures have significantly impacted the world’s economy and in many cases has led to the loss of livelihood. Mathematical modeling of pandemics is of critical importance to understand the unfolding of transmission events and to formulate control measures. In this research letter, we have introduced a novel approach to forecasting epidemics like COVID-19. The proposed mathematical model stems from the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics, and can be utilized to make projections of the number of infected people. This unique mathematical model can be beneficial for predicting and designing potential strategies to mitigate the spread and impact of pandemics.
Shear wave propagation in magneto poroelastic medium sandwiched between self-reinforced poroelastic medium and poroelastic half space
Authors: Ala Sindhuja , Gurijala Rajitha , Perati Malla Reddy
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of reinforcement, inhomogeneity and initial stress on the propagation of shear waves. The problem consists of magneto poroelastic medium sandwiched between self-reinforced medium and poroelastic half space. Using Biot’s theory of wave propagation, the frequency equation is obtained.

Design/methodology/approach

Shear wave propagation in magneto poroelastic medium embedded between a self-reinforced medium and poroelastic half space is investigated. This particular setup is quite possible in the Earth crust. All the three media are assumed to be inhomogeneous under initial stress. The significant effects of initial stress and inhomogeneity parameters of individual media have been studied.

Findings

Phase velocity is computed against wavenumber for various values of self-reinforcement, heterogeneity parameter and initial stress. Classical elasticity results are deduced as a particular case of the present study. Also in the absence of inhomogeneity and initial stress, frequency equation is discussed. Graphical representation is made to exhibit the results.

Originality/value

Shear wave propagation in magneto poroelastic medium embedded between a self-reinforced medium, and poroelastic half space are investigated in presence of initial stress, and inhomogeneity parameter. For heterogeneous poroelastic half space, the Whittaker’s solution is obtained. From the numerical results, it is observed that heterogeneity parameter, inhomogeneity parameter and reinforcement parameter have significant influences on the wave characteristics. In addition, frequency equation is discussed in absence of inhomogeneity and initial stress. For the validation purpose, numerical results are also computed for a particular case.
Gender segregation and wage differentials in India: the role of educational attainment and occupational choices
Authors: Agrawal Tushar
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the interrelation between two important dimensions of gender segregation: education and occupation. It further investigates the gender wage gap.

Design/methodology/approach

The author uses a three-way additive decomposition of the mutual information index – an index based on the concept of entropy. A non-parametric wage decomposition method that uses matching comparisons is used for measuring the wage gap.

Findings

The results show that the extent of gender segregation in India is higher in urban areas than that in rural areas. Most of the observed segregation in rural labour markets originates from educational outcomes, whereas in urban markets it is due to occupational profile of individuals. The findings of the wage decomposition analysis suggest that education in rural areas also explains a sizeable part of the gender wage differential. Nevertheless, a large share of the wage gap remains unexplained in both rural and urban areas.

Originality/value

While much research has looked at occupational segregation, less attention has been paid to educational segregation. The paper uses a unique approach to understand the joint effect of occupation and education in explaining gender segregation.
Determinants of green job creation: an empirical investigation
Authors: Rayan Eman Omar , Ragab Adla Mohamed , Anwar Ashraf Samir
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The twenty-first century manifests two of the challenging issues about achieving Sustainable Local Economic Development (SLED) and turning to environmental sustainability through Green Job Creation (GJC). The study examines that not only are both challenges are urgent, but they are also intimately linked and will have to be addressed together. It also finds out that further factors like Managerial Effectiveness (ME) and Public Policy Effectiveness (PPE) affect GJC.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses qualitative and quantitative methods by utilizing primary data collected through designing questionnaires answered by random executives and citizens of three governorates; Cairo, Alexandria and Beni-Suef. These governorates are chosen because they represent different Egyptian geographic areas, i.e. the capital of Egypt, lower and Upper Egypt, where there are numbers of industrial zones with many heavy polluting industrial activities that exist.

Findings

The study showed that there is a lack of effectiveness and efficiency in applying common international standards in GJC’s strategies in Cairo, Alexandria and Beni-Suef. Additionally, it is highly recommended that the three governorates enhance the exploitation of their economic resources. Quantitatively, the study showed a positive and statistically-significant connection between SLED and GJC, alongside with a positive and statistically-significant connection between ME and GJC.

Originality/value

The study provides empirical evidence about the main requirements in designing an efficient framework for achieving eco-friendly local economic activities and suggesting practical solutions to obstacles that face local strategies regarding the study’s variables.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2020-0012
Does formal and business education expand the levels of financial education?
Authors: Paraboni Ana Luiza , Soares Fabricio Michell , Potrich Ani Caroline Grigion , Vieira Kelmara Mendes
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Financial education has become an essential component of the economic balance for families, and much is being discussed about the methods, which raise the levels of financial education of the population. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of formal and business education on the level of financial education.

Design/methodology/approach

This research is characterized as a quasi-experimental study, with undergraduate students. As a data collection technique, a structured questionnaire was used.

Findings

The results confirm the importance of formal and business education, as well as gender, for the financial education of individuals. More specifically, being male and having contact with a greater number of financial disciplines increase the level of financial education of the individual.

Originality/value

This article demonstrated that the trajectory of the knowledge traversed by individuals within the same level of schooling is of paramount importance. The results show that formal and business education can improve the levels of financial education and reinforce the relevance of strategic actions in this area.
SME credit constraints and access to informal credit markets in Vietnam
Authors: Archer Lan , Sharma Parmendra , Su Jen-Je
Published: June 2020

Purpose

A review of literature has documented that accessing formal credit and other banking services has always been a crucial challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The alternative, therefore, tends to be informal channels. However, the credit constraint vis-à-vis informal channel link does not appear to be well documented in the literature. This study aims to investigate whether credit constraints significantly affect the probability of accessing informal credit, as well as the credit values of Vietnamese SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a trinary approach and correlated random-effects Probit and Tobit techniques to avoid the incidental coefficients problem.

Findings

The results suggest that relative to unconstrained and partially constrained firms, fully constrained firms tend to be more active in the informal credit markets, shown by their higher probability of informal credit access and larger credit values.

Originality/value

To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on Vietnam that takes a different approach to credit constraints and examines their impact on informal credit access. Policy implications arise and are discussed.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-11-2017-0543
The effect of quality and leverage on the image transfer model: the moderating role of involvement
Authors: Alonso Dos Santos Manuel , Calabuig Moreno Ferran , Prado Gascó Vicente , Cuevas Lizama Jonathan
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of perceived sponsorship leverage on perceived product quality and the image transfer model, under moderation by fan involvement.

Design/methodology/approach

A self-report online survey was carried out after the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. Responses were received from 422 individuals in 21 countries. The leverage scale was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Then, partial least squares–structural equation modeling was employed to examine the validity and reliability of the scales and test the structural model. Finally, multigroup analysis was used to examine how involvement moderates the influence of leverage.

Findings

Attitudes toward sponsorship and purchase intention are influenced by the perceived leverage and quality of the product. The multigroup analysis shows that perceived leverage does not influence the attitudes of individuals with low involvement. The influence of perceived leverage on perceived product quality is greater in individuals with high involvement.

Research limitations/implications

Sponsors should use collateral marketing strategies to target specific segments of individuals with high and low involvement separately. Showcasing the sponsoring products of brands renowned for their high quality could positively influence the results of sponsorship.

Originality/value

This article contributes to the sponsorship literature by exploring how sponsors can capitalize on collateral marketing actions. It also contributes to the theory of image transfer by exploring how perceived product quality can influence the effectiveness of sponsorship.
Transferring interactive activities in large lectures from face-to-face to online settings
Authors: Olsen Jennifer K. , Faucon Louis , Dillenbourg Pierre
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Within higher education, there was an abrupt shift from face-to-face to online lecturing with the introduction of social distancing measures in light of a global pandemic. The purpose of this study is to enrich the connection between students and instructors, the authors integrated elaborated interactive activities into large online lectures to enhance both students’ cognitive activities and social presence.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the goals are twofold. First, the authors introduce a classroom orchestration system and its features that support active learning across learning environments. Second, they investigate the differences and similarities between student behaviors during these activities in face-to-face and online settings.

Findings

The findings reveal individual differences in student behaviors between student cohorts, but no differences between learning environments, highlighting the versatility of the orchestration system across face-to-face and online environments.

Practical implications

This work presents the use of a classroom orchestration tool that is designed to easily support teaching and learning in online and face-to-face contexts and is particularly well suited for large classes.

Originality/value

Online lectures can be more than watching a teacher speaking on the computer display. Rich class-wide learning activities can be integrated into online lectures to support more cognitive engagement during the lecture.
Student use of social media, academic performance, and creativity: the mediating role of intrinsic motivation
Authors: Malik Muhammad Jawad , Ahmad Mudaser , Kamran Muhammad Rizwan , Aliza Komal , Elahi Muhammad Zubair
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between students’ use of social media, their academic performance and creativity in the digital era.

Design/methodology/approach

This research used a survey strategy for collecting primary data required for this study from 334 students of undergraduate programs at Chinese universities who were sampled through a non-probability convenience approach.

Findings

The findings of the study reveal that students’ use of social media is positively associated with students’ academic performance and creativity. In addition, intrinsic motivation was found to be a mediating reason in the relationships between students’ use of social media and students’ academic performance and creativity.

Originality/value

This study explored an important role of intrinsic motivation as a mediator in the relationships between students’ use of social media and their positive outcomes. Studying the use of social media by students to their positive study outcomes is also practically important for students, educationalists and other policymakers.
Workplace ostracism and deviant behaviour among nurses: a parallel mediation model
Authors: Shafique Imran , Qammar Ahmad , Kalyar Masood Nawaz , Ahmad Bashir , Mushtaq Anila
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of workplace ostracism on deviant behaviour and testified the mediating roles of organisational identification, burnout and organisation-based self-esteem (OBSE) by using a parallel mediation model. Then, the moderating role of ingratiation in the interrelation between ostracism, the mediators and deviant behaviour is examined.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from nurses working in public sector hospitals in Pakistan. Nursing context is appropriate for the study because this occupation involves a greater extent of social interaction among peer nurses, doctors and administration in the provision of health services. A total of 417 nurses provided complete responses, and the study hypotheses were tested using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The study findings show that ostracism is positively related to deviant behaviour of nurses, indicating that workplace ostracism is an important predictor of deviant behaviour. Ostracised nurses experienced higher job burnouts and low OBSE as well as organisational identification. Results also show that ostracism promotes deviant behaviour by reducing OBSE and organisational identification. Moreover, results provide evidence that high ingratiation overcomes the detrimental effects of ostracism on both deviant behaviour and mediators.

Originality/value

The present study integrates the literature on ostracism and its attitudinal and behavioural outcomes and submits that ostracism negatively affects the attitudes of victims which in turn results in negative behavioural outcomes (i.e. deviant behaviour). This study also suggests ingratiation as a tactic to control the negative effects of ostracism.
The 3P model for creating sustainable educational reform: an epilogue to the special issue
Authors: Gumpel Thomas Peter , Koller Judah , Weintraub Naomi , Werner Shirli , Wiesenthal Vered
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This article presents a conceptual synthesis of the international literature on inclusive education while expanding upon, and incorporating, the articles in this special issue. The authors present their 3P model (philosophy, policy and praxis) and relate each paper in this special issue to different aspects of their model.

Design/methodology/approach

This article serves as an epilogue to this special issue of theJournal of Educational Administrationas well as a discussion of historical and conceptual distinctions between mainstreaming and inclusion while examining global trends in understanding the move toward inclusive education.

Findings

The authors examined the detrimental effects of ableism and a medical model of disability and their effects on the educational system. They conducted an analysis based on examining the philosophy, policy and practice of the inclusive movement, specifically by examining conceptual models and inclusive decisions, conceptual frameworks for describing inclusive policy and a focus of the application to educational administration. The authors examined the global movement from segregation/exclusion to integration and then to inclusionary praxis.

Research limitations/implications

The authors maintain that the inclusion literature lacks a sound positivistic empirical base, and so they present throughout the article possible avenues for such research as well as future directions for comparative research.

Practical implications

Understanding the philosophical underpinnings of the inclusive movement is central to developing viable inclusive educational settings. The authors distinguish between inclusive schools and local educational authorities where stakeholders have moved toward an inclusionary system (the minority) versus locales who are reluctant to move systems to actual change.

Originality/value

This article takes a wider view of inclusionary practices, from one focusing on children with disabilities to one focusing on historical and traditional exclusionary practices. By widening the scope of the inclusion discussion, to one of exclusion, the authors present a viably wider lens to educational administration.
Senior healt-hcare fraud under investigation
Authors: Stowell Nicole F. , Pacini Carl , Schmidt Martina K. , Wadlinger Nathan
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study aims to increase awareness and educate the reader about health-care fraud targeting seniors in the USA to help stakeholders better understand, recognize and prevent this type of fraud.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper collects statistics on the current state of health care frauds committed against seniors, and examines related cases and laws.

Findings

The authors find this type of fraud is highly prevalent and expected to increase. Current laws preventing this fraud from occurring are multifold and complex. While prevention strategies through law enforcement have been somewhat successful, a reduction in resources may put seniors at an increased risk in the years to come.

Research limitations/implications

Without additional prevention strategies, the problem will likely escalate with a growing population of older adults. This study encourages further research into effective prevention strategies and methods to fight health-care fraud against seniors.

Practical implications

Health-care fraud and its associated costs pose a significant threat to the society and economy of the USA. Reducing this fraud will not only reduce the costs to the US economy but also improve the physical and mental well-being of senior victims, reduce their mortality and hospitalization rates and improve the public trust placed to health-care providers.

Originality/value

This study highlights how health-care fraud is committed against seniors. With the projected trend of an aging US population, educating stakeholders, increasing awareness and applying tools to protect seniors will be important to reduce the absolute scope of this problem in the future.
Challenges of combating fraudulent practices: evidence from Nigerian public sector
Authors: Sa'id Shehu Umar , Abas Azmi Khairul Saidah
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the challenges faced in combating fraudulent practices in the Nigerian public sector.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is essentially the result of primary data of in-depth semi-structured interviews. An in-depth interview was conducted with 14 respondents comprises (4) auditors, (4) accountants, (2) legal practitioners, (2) staff of the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and (2) staff of the Federal Inland Revenue Service. The interviews data collected were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Findings

This study found that among the challenges to combat fraudulent practices in the Nigerian public sector is first the prevalence of Godfatherism in the Nigerian public sector. Godfatherism offers selective judgment, lack of agencies autonomous and the party system which remains a challenge. Second, the issue of political immunity undermines public governance which illustrates an exemption of punishment, constitutional protections and the political environment are some major challenges faced in preventing fraud in the Nigerian public sector.

Practical implications

This study, therefore, offers an important platform to Nigerian anti-graft bodies such as the “EFFC,” “Independent Corrupt Practices Commission” (ICPC) and “Code of Conduct Bureau” (CCB). Thus, it perhaps eases the way of combating fraudulent practices in Nigeria.

Originality/value

This paper is original and unique in its form and has value to anti-graft bodies and practitioners in the Nigerian public sector, private sector other African economies and academics.
Predicting the effect of work values on workplace communication environment and job quality of tertiary students
Authors: Chan Sow Hup Joanne , Ben Yedder Moez , Vipulakom Krisee
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between work values (WV) and expectations in terms of job quality (JQ) and workplace communication environment (WCE) of undergraduate students. Whether there are significant differences in terms of WV, JQ and WCE among cultural and demographic variables was also assessed.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey of 795 undergraduate students in China, Thailand and United Arab Emirates was conducted. Structural equation modeling and a series of one-way analysis of variance tests was carried out.

Findings

WV have significant effects on JQ expectations and WCE. This study identifies extrinsic values as the most important WV of the future job market entrants. There are differences in culture, gender and work experience between the three samples in the variables under investigation.

Research limitations/implications

The study relied on the self-reported responses in one university in each site. Data on the undergraduate students’ major and academic performance was not collected.

Practical implications

Job seekers are more likely to choose jobs and WCE that are similar to their personal work value orientation. The study underscores the importance of WV as important motivators in the workplace.

Originality/value

This study is the first to compare the WV, JQ and WCE across multiple nations. The study underscores the importance of JQ and WCE as important motivators in the workplace.
Guest editorial
Authors: Cunningham James A. , Menter Matthias
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This paper examines and discusses the need for micro-level analyses of academic entrepreneurship and outlines a micro-level research agenda for the study of academic entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a review of academic literature on academic entrepreneurship, this study focuses on individual actors and suggests some future research agendas.

Findings

The authors highlight that more studies dealing with academic entrepreneurship need to take a micro-level perspective, thereby outline several fruitful avenues of research: (1) star scientists and principal investigators, (2) TTO professionals, (3) graduate entrepreneurs, (4) university administrators, (5) policy makers and funders as well as (6) micro-level organisational routines.

Practical implications

This paper derives three main implications for management practice and policy. First, there is a real need to develop the managerial skills, competencies and capabilities of scientists and individuals. Second, policy makers need to ensure the necessary resources to pursue a paradigm shift towards more entrepreneurial thinking and action and create adequate incentives. Third, firms need to offer support and guidance on how to best commercialise and transfer scientific knowledge and ideally complement support structures of universities and research institutes.

Originality/value

This paper provides an organising framework for the study of micro-level academic entrepreneurship and emphasises the need to focus further on individual actors and how their actions, behaviours and approaches contribute to academic entrepreneurship in different institutional, environmental and cultural contexts.
R.E. property meets technology: cross-country comparison and general framework
Authors: Tagliaro Chiara , Bellintani Stefano , Ciaramella Gianandrea
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Due to the young age of proptech, little is known about the dynamics of its expansion. In particular, there is limited agreement about a definition of “proptech,” while different categorizations are popping up. A severe lack of information emerges for the proptech scenario in Italy. The goal of this paper is to systematize multiple proptech maps in the attempt to create a framework for comparison of country-specific trends and an overarching definition of proptech. The research examines the evolutionary stage of the Italian digital real estate sector and compares it to the international context.

Design/methodology/approach

An in-depth analysis of 12 proptech maps at both national and international level was conducted based on online research. A list of Italian proptech companies was composed through multiple methods. A map was built for a cross-country comparison.

Findings

Each country or organization tends to develop its own categorization. This creates a multifaceted context where comparison and analysis are challenging. The Italian proptech sector seems underdeveloped compared to neighboring countries. Big room for improving the proptech business in this country still exists.

Practical implications

The results are valuable for proptech start-ups, business investors and well-established real estate actors to build on new entrepreneurial initiatives. The opportunity to advance proptech mapping and categorization emerges as a prospect for future research.

Originality/value

This research adds an overview of cross-country proptech categories and proposes the first analysis of Italian proptech. This will contribute to support entrepreneurial opportunities.
Investment behaviour in mutual funds: is it a knowledge-based decision?
Authors: Nicolescu Luminița , Tudorache Florentin Gabriel
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to make an analysis of investment behaviour in mutual funds, by looking at different investment decision influencers and trying to identify the extent to which the investment decision is knowledge-based. The paper has three main purposes, namely, to assess the degree to which the considered factors influence investment decision-making in young capital markets from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE); to compare the investment behaviour in the three considered countries; and to characterise investment behaviour in periods of economic turbulence.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers considered a model of investment behaviour comprising six influencing factors. Inferential statistics through multiple linear regression was applied using the MATLAB R2014a software. The decision to invest was measured by the flow of new capital attracted by the fund (dependent variable) and the considered influencing factors (independent variables) were: the size of the fund, the risk associated to the fund, the growth of the fund, the growth of the fund category, the performance of the fund in its category. The research was conducted in Romania, Slovakia and Hungary. The period of study included the global economic crisis of 2007-2008.

Findings

The results illustrated that all considered factors do have an influence on the investment behaviour of investors in CEE, but with different levels of impact. The study concludes that the investment decision is partially knowledge-based, as investors in the region consider only some of the available information when making the decision to invest. Investment behaviour of investors in CEE is rather similar than dissimilar when deciding to invest in mutual funds. However, based on the differences between countries, it can be stated that the Hungarian investor is more mature and more informed than the others, when making investment decisions.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the exiting literature through the analysis of investment behaviour in young capital markets that are less studied in the literature. The limited number of studies considering mutual funds, usually comprise one fund category, while the present research considers all five most prevalent mutual funds categories for the studied period. It also contributed by collecting data from a less studied geographical region, CEE with three specific case studies, namely, Romania, Slovakia and Hungary that are looked at in a comparative manner.