bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of respiratory infections and its correlation with smoke exposure among infants from an urban field practice area in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Saravana Kumar P  , Subhalakshmi R  , Rajasekeran C  , Elizabeth Varakumari Janakiraman
Published: June 2023

Background: Children’s acute lower respiratory infections are most prevalent among new-born. Clinical evaluation and symptoms help to establish the connection between smoke exposure and acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). Furthermore, there is proof that exposing children to coal smoke considerably increases their risk of developing ARTI.
Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to estimate the incidence of respiratory tract infection (RTI) among selected cohort of infants in urban field practice area of Tamil Nadu and to correlate the incidence of RTIs with smoke practices.
Materials and Methods: In Tamil Nadu’s urban field practice area, a cohort study of infants was done. A house-to-house survey was conducted and information was gathered among 150 newborns who were tracked after being selected as a period sample based on inclusion criteria at a 15* visit. Numerous data on ARI episodes, housing circumstances, and smoke exposure were gathered and correlated. Software such as Epi info and SPSS version 22 were used to analye data.
Results: The incidence of TI was calculated to be 1.7 episodes per 100 person days and 4.7 on average among the 150 newborns chosen. Nearly 48% of people lived in huts, 84% had indoor kitchens, and 75% cooked with gas. Infants who appeared to regularly be exposed to passive smoking have a little increase in the incidence of mean RTI bouts.
Conclusion: The additional hospital admissions, which are entirely preventable, place a heavy load on the public health system. It is evident that new initiatives are required to stop infants from being exposed to passive smoke during and after pregnancy. Improving international Electrotechnical commission activities play an active role is reducing incidence of RTIs among infants. Intensified educational interventions on ill effects of indoor and outdoor smoke, passive smoking helps in addressing the issue.
Estimation of serum bilirubin level as a diagnostic laboratory marker of acute appendicitis and its role in prediction of appendicular perforation
Authors: Ghosh Manoranjan , Monali Patole Mukherjee  , Chaturvedi Vikram , Dipankar Mukherjee
Published: June 2023

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of surgical abdomen. A delay in diagnosis and subsequent delay in intervention may lead to appendicular perforation which leads to peritonitis and further complications including death. In this study, we tried to evaluate – “Estimation of serum bilirubin level as a diagnostic laboratory marker of acute appendicitis and its role in prediction of appendicular perforation.”
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: To study the relationship between hyperbilirubinemia and acute appendicitis and to evaluate its credibility as a diagnostic marker for acute appendicitis. To evaluate whether elevated Bilirubin levels have a predictive potential for diagnosis of appendicular perforation.
Materials and Methods: Patients clinically diagnosed with acute appendicitis, supported by imaging studies, who gave consent for the study were included in the study. All those patients underwent estimation of serum bilirubin levels along with other investigations. Data collected were compiled and analyzed.
Results: In this study, among 408 patients, sensitivity of serum bilirubin in predicting acute appendicitis was 74.59%. Specificity of serum bilirubin in predicting acute appendicitis was 12.38%. Positive predictive value of serum bilirubin in predicting acute appendicitis was 71.06%. Negative predictive value of serum bilirubin in predicting acute appendicitis was 14.44%. Odds ratio was 0.4147.
Conclusion: Serum Bilirubin level appears to be a promising marker for diagnosing acute appendicitis and perforation.
Severe impact on family planning programme due to COVID-19 pandemic in urban population
Authors: Maiti Debmalya , Patra Kajal Kumar , De Ritam , Vedika Agarwal  , Kishore P Madhwani
Published: June 2023

Background: Contraception and sexual health are a fundamental human right and an integral part of women’s health services. Postpartum period is the unique opportunity for counseling and availing contraception. COVID-19 pandemic hindered routine and special services like postpartum clinics has negative impact on family planning services.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of study was to compare the change in contraceptive services due to COVID-19 in two consecutive financial years (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) at Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Materials and Methods: An institution-based, retrospective, and cohort study was carried out in Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital among the users of contraceptive services at the department of family planning for the financial year 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. During the period, 226,700 beneficiaries attended department of family planning for the financial year 2019–2020 and 98,584 beneficiaries attended department of family planning for the financial year 2020–2021. Template was generated in MS excel sheet and analysis was done on SPSS software.
Results: During the year 2019–2020, 94.73% availed combined oral contraceptives while in the year 2020–2021, 93.97% availed combined oral contraceptives. Lap ligation was decreased by 96.42%, post-abortion ligation was decreased by 85%, Interval IUCD was decreased by 79.62% and PAIUCD was decreased by 76%. During the year 2019–2020, OCP was used by the maximum beneficiaries, that is, 219,654 while in the year 2020–2021 OCP was used by 97,353 beneficiaries.
Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic, family planning services suffer a huge setback as it is does not came under emergency services. With the ongoing COVID-19 crisis and continuous need for contraception, there is a need to refocus and motivate eligible couples for long-acting reversible contraceptive methods with significantly lower failure rates.
Comparison of hemodynamic effects of intravenous labetalol plus intravenous fentanyl and intravenous fentanyl alone for attenuating reflex responses to laryngoscopy and intubation: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jain Isha , Satyendra Singh Yadav  , Shakti Singhal  , Jaykumar Kolewar  , Preeti Goyal
Published: June 2023

Background: Laryngoscopy is an essential part of endotracheal intubation. Direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are a noxious stimulation that causes significant stress response for patient. It is this nociceptive response which leads to the changes in the physiologic parameters of the patient like hemodynamic changes. Therefore, combination of many drugs used with the primary anesthetic drug in an attempt to minimize the hemodynamic pressor response associated with intubation while limiting patient risk.
Aims and Objectives: Direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are the nociceptive response which leads to the changes in the hemodynamic parameters. Study aimed to compare the hemodynamic response of labetalol and fentanyl with only fentanyl during laryngoscopy and intubation, untoward adverse effects.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and two of either sex, aged between 18 and 65 year of the American Society of Anesthesiology grade I/II under general anesthesia divided into two groups, Group LF and Group F with 51 patients in each. Group LF receives intravenous 0.25 mg/kg labetalol in 10 mL saline 5 min prior and fentanyl 2 μg/kg 3 min before intubation and Group F receives intravenous normal saline 10 mL 5 min before intubation and 2 μg/kg fentanyl 3 min before intubation. Changes in heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and saturation of oxygen in the blood documented in both the groups.
Results: In the present study, HR, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure were noted down as before intubation, after intubation, at intubation, immediately after 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 min for patients in both the groups. The results obtained from the analysis showed that there was an increase in parameters of Group F compared to Group LF as after intubation to 15 min due to stress response and statistically significant (P<0.05) in both the groups.
Conclusion: Both labetalol and fentanyl can be used safely to attenuate the hemodynamic response, but labetalol and fentanyl combination prove to be more effective in attenuating hemodynamic response.
Determination of fetal weight by ultrasonographic evaluation of fetal mid-thigh soft-tissue thickness in late third trimester
Authors: Lynn Joy  , Anil Kumar Sakalecha  , Rajeswari G  , Varshitha GR  , Surya Kanth Anne  , Shantala Sawkar
Published: June 2023

Background: Estimation of fetal weight is of utmost importance in the planning and management of uneventful labor. This study was done to compare the estimated fetal weight determined by Hadlock’s method and Scioscia’s formula (using femur length and mid-thigh soft-tissue thickness [MTSTT]) to the actual birth weight (ABW).
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) To estimate fetal weight by Hadlock’s method and ultrasonographic evaluation of fetal MTSTT in late third trimester. (2) To correlate fetal weight derived by Hadlock’s method and ultrasonographic evaluation of fetal MTSTT with ABW.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during the period November 2022–January 2023, at Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar. Seventy-six pregnant ladies at term (between 37 and 40 weeks) were included in the study.
Results: This study assessed validity of Hadlock formulae and Scioscia’s formulae for detecting fetal weight. For detection of fetal weight by Hadlock’s method, area under curve (AUC) was 0.961 and according to Scioscia’s formulae, AUC was 0.965. This study showed good agreement between fetal weight derived by Hadlock formulae and actual fetal weight (Kappa value – 0.725). There was also good agreement between fetal weight derived by Scioscia’s formulae and actual fetal weight (Kappa value – 0.745).
Conclusion: The fetal weight derived by Scioscia’s formula was comparable to the actual fetal weight allowing us to rely on Scioscia’s formulae to detect fetal weight. Calculating fetal weight by measurement of fetal MTSTT serves as an additional tool for estimation of fetal weight along with the existing parameters, thereby increasing the likelihood for accurate fetal weight estimation.
A comparison between axillary brachial plexus block and elbow block using ultrasound in patients undergoing surgeries of wrist and hand
Authors: Biswas Amit Kumar , Das Debojyoti , Rahman Sarfraaz , Maji Sandip , Sinha Sandip , Mandal Mohanchandra
Published: June 2023

Background: Both the axillary brachial block and elbow block are easy to learn and perform. Elbow block was previously used to as a rescue block to supplement the inadequacy of proximal nerve plexus block. Recently, elbow block is emerging as a primary anesthetic technique for wrist and hand surgeries. However, no such study in Indian scenario exists comparing axillary brachial plexus block and elbow block using ultrasound (US) guidance during wrist and hand surgeries.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was designed to compare axillary brachial plexus block and elbow block for hand and wrist surgery in terms of duration of post-operative analgesia (Primary outcome), procedure times, other characteristics of block, patient satisfaction, and adverse events.
Materials and Methods: This open-label parallel-group randomized study was performed in 78 adults, aged 18–70 years, ASA I-II, undergoing elective surgeries of wrist and hand. The patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups to receive either axillary brachial plexus block (Group A, n=39) or elbow block (Group B, n=39), both under US guidance. The time to first rescue analgesia was the primary outcome measure. Other outcome measures were different characteristics of nerve blocks, procedure duration, 24-h analgesic consumption, patient’s satisfaction score, and adverse events.
Results: The time to first analgesic administration was considerably higher in axillary block compared with elbow block (15 vs. 14 h, P<0.001). However, the post-operative analgesia with elbow block was not clinically insignificant. The onset of blocks was faster with axillary block compared with elbow block (sensory block 15 vs. 24 min, P<0.001; motor block 20 vs. 30 min, P<0.001). Overall, a higher number of patients were more satisfied with elbow block.
Conclusion: Using US, elbow block can be a better alternative to axillary block for hand surgeries in terms of sufficient post-operative analgesia, comparatively shorter motor block, and better patient satisfaction.
A case series of IPOM-AS – intraperitoneal mesh fixation technique for ventral hernia using straight needle suture nylon 2–0
Authors: Arvind K Shukla  , Saranshi Shrivastava  , Sagar Arora  , Avinash Gautam  , Jujar Kapadia  , Rahul Tayal  , Rajesh Maida
Published: June 2023

Intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) technique of mesh fixation using tackers for ventral hernia is widely done. But using tackers is costly (266.29 USD) and causes early and late post-operative pain. The aim of the study was to choose the better method of surgery for ventral hernia using composite mesh and straight needle suture nylon 2–0 for intraperitoneal mesh fixation (IPOM-AS) and will compare it with conventional IPOM technique in which Fixation of mesh is done by Tacker. Ten patients who were diagnosed with ventral hernia between November 2022 and December 2022 in the Department of Surgery, MGM Medical College and MY Hospital, Indore were taken in our study and IPOM-AS technique was performed using three ports on the left side of the abdomen, after reducing the contents of hernia, the axis for internal attachment of composite mesh is identified and marked with pair of sutures (vicryl and rapid vicryl) and intraperitoneal transabdominal fixation of mesh is done using straight needle suture nylon 2–0 with the help of suture passer. This technique was taken in our study and was assessed for cost-effectiveness, early and late post-operative pain, learning curve, early mobilization, early discharge, early return to work, and long-term complications. All the patients had less early and late post-operative pain according to VAS score (mean VAS score 2 on post-operative 1 and 1 on post-operative 2, no pain during the follow-up period), patients were discharged earlier (mostly on post-operative 1) and early return to work was possible and this technique of intraperitoneal mesh fixation using straight needle suture (2.03 USD) is more cost-effective when we compared these patients with those in whom conventional IPOM was done with the help of a tacker (266.29 USD). Good patient compliance was seen. IPOM using composite mesh and straight needle suture (IPOM-AS) for intraperitoneal mesh fixation in ventral hernia is better accepted by patients than the conventional IPOM using tacker for mesh fixation.
The outcome of cannulated cancellous screw fixation for treatment of base of fifth metatarsal fractures
Authors: Sapkota Krishna , Ranjit Niraj , Onta Pratyenta Raj , Thapa Pabin , Thapa Upendra Jung
Published: June 2023

Background: The fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal is one of the common fractures that occur in 5th decade of life in the foot. Stable fixation with the cannulated cancellous screw provided early healing and patients can return to their work early.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to find the functional outcome of closed reduction and internal fixation with cannulated cancellous screw fixation for the displaced base of fifth metatarsal fractures, to evaluate the clinical and radiological union of fifth metatarsal fractures, and to study the complications of treatment of fifth metatarsal fractures.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics Manipal teaching hospital Pokhara, Nepal, from February 2022 to January 2023. A total of 35 patients with the fractured fifth metatarsal base were included in the study. The patient was kept in a supine position with a pillow under the knee so that the knee was flexed to 90° and the foot was plantigrade. A cannulated cancellous screw of the appropriate size was inserted along with a washer to fix the fracture.
Results: There were a total of 35 patients with the base of 5th metatarsal fractures. The mean age of the patient was 36.94±8.04 years, with males 22 (62.9%) and females 13 (37.1%). The left side commonly involves 22 (62.9%). The history twisting injury is the most common mode of injury. All patients had a union of fracture by 7.09±1.07 weeks ranging from 6 to 9 weeks. There were no cases of sural nerve injuries in our study.
Conclusion: The base of fifth metatarsal fractures is commonly seen in athletes and patients around 40 years of age. Closed reduction under image guidance and stable fixation with cannulated cancellous screw fixation provides early healing of fractures. Patients can return to work early.
A case series of congenital nevus and their various manifestations
Authors: Bibekananda Mukherjee  , Barnali Das  , Joydeep Das  , Apurba Ghosh
Published: June 2023

A nevus is characterized by collection of partially differentiated or well-differentiated cells normally found in the skin. Some nevi are associated with disorders such as autism, epilepsy, ophthalmogical disorders, intracranial abnormalities, and others. In this case series, we aim to analyze six cases with congenital nevus, matched our findings with case reports published and reviewed the literature, to come to a conclusion that would help the clinician to do focused clinical examination and investigations when they come across such nevi. Furthermore, as these sort of skin lesions cause psychological morbidity to both parents and patients, proper counseling is required along with dermatological therapy and treatment of comorbid conditions. As well as regular follow-up with monitoring of the lesions. The following are the cases: Case-1, is a case of congenital melanocytic nevi who presented with delayed milestone, epilepsy and neuroimaging revealed intracranial melanosis. Case-2 nevus of Ota on face with scleral nevus and glaucoma in the left eye. In Case-3: Nevus achromicus was present over the abdomen and scalp in a child who presented with status epilepticus and there was focal cortical dysplasia of left frontal cortex on imaging. Nevus sebaceous was present in case-4 who had seizure disorder but neuroimaging was normal. Case-5 child had nevus spilus over left frontal area with melanocytic satellite nevi who presented with febrile convulsion but normal neuroimaging. The sixth case is a 5-year-old male child with linear nevus without any other association.
Ranking prognosis: Future perspective of RANK/RANKL in breast cancer
Authors: Ruby Dhar  , Kumar Arun , Subhradip Karmakar
Published: June 2023

With over 2.3 million new cases and 685,000 deaths, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and its burden has been rising over the past decades. In India, the incidence increased significantly, almost 50%, between 1965 and 1985. As per the 2020 Globocan information, in India, BC accounted for 13.5% of all cancer cases and 10.6% of all deaths. Compared to Western countries, the poor survival of patients with breast cancer in India is due to several contributing factors such as lack of awareness, earlier onset of disease, delayed initiation and late stage of disease at presentation, and lack of consistent treatment regime. Under these circumstances, it is even more imperative to identify novel targets for breast cancer and put them to clinical use. In a recent report by Ciscar et al., the authors reported that RANK and receptor activator of NFκB ligands (RANKL) status might be important predictors in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer. In analyses of more than 2,000 breast cancer samples, the authors confirmed that RANK expression was associated with ER− tumors, while RANKL was rarely found in tumor cells. This also let to conclude that RANK expression is an independent poor prognostic factor in breast cancer, particularly in ER− BC postmenopausal women, and is associated with poor survival.
This seminal work has enormous outcomes in the clinical management of breast cancer. This also implies that RANK+ ER- breast cancer might benefit from the recently FDA-approved compound “Denosumab.” Denosumab is used to treat bone loss in men treated for prostate cancer and those who have osteoporosis. It is an inhibitor of RANKL, which is an essential factor initiating bone turnover. RANKL inhibition blocks osteoclast maturation, function, and survival, thus reducing bone resorption. The same mechanism might be beneficial in these RANK+ ER- breast cancer. Clinical trials are underway to test if denosumab can be re-purposed for this subset of breast cancer.
ANALYSIS OF LOCATION AND DECISION-MAKING OF FLEET VEHICLE TYPE WITH CVRP MULTI TRIP AND GRAVITY LOCATION MODEL FOR OPERATIONAL COST EFFICIENCY (Case Study CV. XYZ, Wonoayu-Sidoarjo)
Authors: Ahmad Nofan Hadi , Sari Tri Novita , Purba Ari Pranata Primisa
Published: June 2023

Transportation has an important role in the logistics of a company, both in services and products. Increased orders in 2020 for wooden speaker products at CV. XYZ (Wonoayu-Sidoarjo) makes this company try to minimize transportation costs at their operational level. This study focuses on determining the relationship between changes in the type of fleet vehicle and the depot location on the operational costs of product delivery and the time to return to the depot in terms of adding trips. The methodology used in this study is the CVRP Multi Trip with Heterogeneous fleet vehicle and the Gravity Location Model based on the heuristic method. Saving heuristic method and nearest neighbor are heuristic methods used in computational studies to determine the order of visits to the formed sub-routes. There are 4 scenarios that are modeled to further analyze the results of these computations, namely: (1) CVRP multi-trip of old location with wings box truck, (2) CVRP multi-trip of old location with Fuso truck, (3) CVRP multi-trip of the new location with wings box truck, and (4) CVRP multi-trip of the new location with fuso truck. The results of the study concluded that there is a relationship between: (1) changes in fleet vehicle type with total traveling distance, (2) changes in depot location with total traveling distance, (3) fuel consumption rate on vehicle operating costs, (4) average vehicle speed on the time back to the depot. Scenario 4 is the best scenario in terms of traveling distance, fuel costs and delivery time. However, moving the depot center is not easy, so the scenario 2 is the most applicable condition considering that the fuso truck is available and has a higher utility than the wings box truck
Characteristic and Provenance of Talang Akar Formation Sandstone, Sukamoro Area, South Sumatera
Authors: Rochmana Yogie Zulkurnia , Idarwati Idarwati , Harnani Harnani , Mayasari Elisabet Dwi
Published: June 2023

Sukamoro area, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, was the research location. This investigation focuses on the origin of sandstones from the Talang Akar Formation. In the area of investigation, sandstones are widely dispersed and exhibit a variety of properties. Due to the abundance of sandstones found and their high resistance and physical compactness, an analysis of the original rock can be carried out. Generally, the material that makes up sandstone comes from the previous rock. This investigation was undertaken using a descriptive-analytical methodology to determine the origin of the rock. The collected surface data is subsequently petrographically examined. After determining the composition of the constituent minerals, a provenance analysis was conducted to determine that the Talang Akar Formation's sandstones originated from the Magmatic Arc. Furthermore, the Talang Akar sandstone reveals the origin of the Recycle Orogen. Thus, it is considered that the sandstones of the Talang Akar Formation have seen many uplift episodes as a result of tectonic activity, almost to the point where they have experienced an increase in the maturity or stability of their continental block provenances
Edukasi dan Sosialisasi Energi Baru Terbarukan Untuk Siswa SD Negeri 14 Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Dayera Disabella , Sapulette Rosa O. , Tabalessy Roger R.
Published: June 2023

Pemerintah telah memberlakukan berbagai aturan dan regulasi untuk mendorong kegiatan dan program pengembangan energi baru terbarukan. Dengan adanya pembuatan sistem PLTMH Malawor di Kampung Malawor, Distrik Makbon, Kabupaten Sorong yang merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya pemerintah daerah dalam sektor pemberdayaan sumber daya alam (SDA) untuk menghasilkan energi listrik yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar. Namun, kurangnya pemahaman siswa-siswi di SD Negeri 14 Malawor mengenai proses terjadinya energi listrik dari sumber daya alam seperti angin, air, matahari, gelombang laut, dan panas bumi memberikan dampak terhadap pemborosan penggunaan energi listrik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Di samping itu, mereka juga belum memahami dampak dari menjaga kelestarian lingkungan untuk menunjang ketersediaan sumber daya alam tersebut. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan sosialisasi energi baru dan terbarukan yang dilakukan oleh para dosen Universitas Kristen Papua (UKiP) merupakan strategi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep energi baru terbarukan dan aplikasinya serta menumbuhkan rasa kepedulian menjaga lingkungan kepada siswa-siswi SD Negeri 14 Malawor.
Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna dalam Pengolahan Singkong Menjadi Tepung Tapioka Asli Papua
Authors: Mawardi Arsyam , Budi I Made , Lantang Daniel
Published: June 2023

Singkong merupakan pangan lokal di Papua yang dibudidayakan untuk menjamin ketahanan pangan tingkat desa hingga kabupaten. Hingga kini, teknologi pengolahan singkong menjadi tepung tapioka masih  terbatas di Papua sehingga kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini merupakan alternatif solusi mengatasi permasalahan kelompok masyarakat yang menjadi mitra kami. Pada program ini, kami menjalin kemitraan dengan masyarakat kampung Arso IV dan V, Kabupaten Keerom, Papua. Kelompok tersebut belum mampu mengolah singkong menjadi tepung tapioka karena minimnya pemahaman terkait pengolahan singkong dan ketiadaan teknologi. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, kami menawarkan pelatihan berbasis teknologi tepat guna dalam mengolah singkong menjadi tapioka agar memberikan nilai tambah dan meningkatkan produktivitas ekonomi masyarakat. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendampingan dan pelatihan penggunaan alat teknologi tepat guna. Kegiatan ini juga bertujuan meningkatkan pemberdayaan mitra melalui penyediaan peralatan mesin pengolah singkong menjadi tepung tapioka berkualitas. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melalui pelatihan dan advokasi dengan beberapa tahapan. Tahap pertama, mitra difasilitasi dan dilatih dengan peralatan teknologi tepat guna berupa mesin pengolah singkong menjadi tepung tapioka. Peserta mempraktikkan secara langsung untuk meningkatkan keterampilannya. Tahap kedua, mitra diberikan edukasi bahwa usaha pengolahan singkong menjadi tapioka dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah produk, membentuk mindset, dan menguatkan jiwa bisnis sehingga menjadi mandiri secara ekonomi, pendapatan masyarakat meningkat, serta   mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi. Kegiatan ini terlakasna dengan baik dan sesuai target. Kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan mitra,. Adapun keberlanjutan program akan tetap dijaga kontinuitasnya. Kelompok mitra diproyeksikan sebagai kelompok binaan sehingga mitra dapat bekerja mandiri dan menghasilkan pendapatan sendiri yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat.
Pengenalan dan Pemanfaatan Ilmu Coding untuk Melatih Kemampuan Berpikir bagi Guru dan Peserta Didik
Authors: Nishom M. , Sasmito Ginanjar Wiro , Wibowo Dega Surono
Published: June 2023

Kemampuan bepikir yang baik merupakan salah satu aspek atau kompetensi penting yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap insan untuk bersiap dalam menghadapi masa depan yang penuh dengan tantangan. Banyak cara yang dapat digunakan untuk melatih cara berpikir, salah satunya adalah dengan belajar ilmu coding. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mengenalkan ilmu coding pada peserta didik dan guru sebagai alternatif untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir mereka. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu discovery learning untuk mengajak para peseta didik dan guru dalam menggunakan logika dan algoritma guna menyelesaikan suatu masalah secara terstruktur dan sistematis serta cooperative learning untuk melatih kerja sama dan interaksi antar-peserta didik selama melakukan pengodean dan pembuatan aplikasi. Hasil yang didapatkan oleh peserta dari pengabdian ini adalah mereka mendapatkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman baru dalam melatih cara berpikir melalui belajar ilmu coding. Kegiatan ini juga mendapatkan respons positif dari mayoritas peserta kegiatan.
Pelatihan Desain Grafis Menggunakan CorelDraw sebagai Tambahan Keterampilan Siswa SMK Negeri 7 Surabaya
Authors: Refnitasari Lynda , Cahyaka Hendra Wahyu , Frida D.B.P. Nurmi , Imaduddin Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Saat ini, pelajaran TIK (Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) menjadi salah satu mata pelajaran yang wajib untuk dikuasai oleh setiap siswa di masing-masing sekolah. Akan tetapi, materi-materi yang didapatkan terkait mata pelajaran TIK ini sebatas pada pengenalan secara umum, seperti aplikasi Microsoft Office, yang terdiri atas Microsoft Word, Excel, dan PowerPoint. Cukup jarang sekolah yang membekali siswanya dengan keterampilan desain grafis dalam proses pembelajaran TIK. Padahal, keterampilan di bidang desain grafis saat ini sangat banyak dibutuhkan di dunia kerja, mulai dari percetakan, advertising, multimedia, maupun industri-industri kreatif lainnya. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk membantu mitra, yaitu SMKN 7 Surabaya, dalam meningkatkan kemampuan siswa, khususnya terkait dengan penguasaan aplikasi CorelDraw untuk pembuatan desain grafis. Adapun pelatihan yang diberikan meliputi pengenalan fungsi dasar CorelDraw beserta tools yang ada di dalamnya. Selanjutnya, pelatihan juga meliputi praktik dalam pembuatan desain logo, curriculum vitae, dan poster. Di samping itu, modul pelatihan juga disediakan untuk memudahkan siswa dalam mempraktikkan setiap tahapan dalam desain grafis. Dari lembar evaluasi yang diisi oleh siswa, diperoleh hasil rata-rata bahwa lebih dari 75% siswa yang mengikuti pelatihan menyatakan bahwa teori yang disampaikan oleh pemateri mudah untuk dipahami dan modul yang diberikan mudah untuk dipraktikkan. Hal ini berdampak positif pada bertambahnya keterampilan siswa dalam mendesain logo, curriculum vitae, dan juga poster.
Pembuatan dan Penyediaan Alat Pengiris Bawang Merah untuk Pengusaha Skala Mikro di Kenagarian Talang Babungo, Kabupaten Solok, Sumatra Barat
Authors: Fauza Anna Niska , Afnison Wanda , Putra Randi Purnama , Purwantono Purwantono , Kurniawan Andre , Nurdin Hendri
Published: June 2023

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang banyak dihasilkan di Indonesia. Salah satu daerah dengan hasil panen bawang merah yang cukup tinggi adalah Kenagarian Talang Babungo, Kabupaten Solok, Sumatra Barat. Saat ini, sudah mulai berkembang pengusaha-pengusaha berskala mikro dalam memproduksi makanan olahan bawang merah, yaitu bawang merah goreng. Hal ini telah menjadi salah satu sumber mata pencarian masyarakat di daerah tersebut. Bawang merah goreng menunjukkan potensi yang besar sebagai produk olahan pertanian dengan nilai jual yang tinggi. Selain itu, bawang merah goreng sangat populer di kalangan masyarakat karena keefektifan dan kekhasan cita rasanya. Namun, proses pembuatan bawang merah goreng di Kenagarian Talang Babungo masih dilakukan secara manual dan menggunakan alat sederhana. Sehingga, hal ini mengakibatkan rendahnya produktivitas kerja dan produk yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, Teknik Mesin Universitas Negeri Padang memberikan solusi kepada pengusaha bawang merah dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Tim Pengabdian merancang dan menyediakan mesin pengiris bawang merah melalui penggunaan teknologi tepat guna. Mesin pengiris bawang merah dirancang dengan menggunakan teknologi sederhana dan sistem operasional yang mudah digunakan. Mesin pengiris bawang dirancang menggunakan penggerak motor listrik dengan kapasitas produksi yang cukup besar, yaitu 20–30 kg/jam. Selain itu, mesin pengiris bawang merah memiliki keunggulan dalam pengaturan ketebalan pemotongan bawang merah yang dikehendaki. Diharapkan, melalui penyediaan mesin pengiris bawang merah yang inovatif tersebut akan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas kerja pengusaha bawang merah di Kenagarian Talang Babungo dengan estimasi ± 400% peningkatan hasil produksi dibandingkan dengan metode pengirisan secara manual. Hal ini juga akan mendorong peningkatan roda ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat.
Empreendedorismo negro: um estudo exploratório a partir de experiências de fundadores de startups
Authors:   , Dias Junior Walter
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the experiences lived by black people when starting business in the universe of startups, as well as to observe the obstacles and opportunities they encounter and how they act to face them or take advantage of them in the management of their businesses. The research was exploratory and the methodological approach adopted was qualitative, resorting deep interviews with black entrepreneurs and secondary data from surveys already carried out by some organizations in the innovation ecosystem. It is expected that this study has contributed to understanding how the racial issue affects the experiences of black entrepreneurs
Análise de riscos em projetos complexos associados ao prazo
Authors:   , Assis João Rodrigo Calantone Monteiro de
Published: June 2023

The construction industry is one of the most dynamic, risky, and challenging. With this, the sector presents many management problems aligned with an increasing demand in relation to performance both in the aspects of quality and costs, as well as aspects associated with the risks of the project not finishing within the contracted deadline. In this scenario, organizations need to be more competitive to survive the conditions imposed by stakeholders and, in this context, the analysis of risks that impact the project deadline has become a critical success factor. However, most risk management models evaluate risks as independent events, disregarding the existing interrelationships between critical activities and risks. In order to overcome this limitation, the objective of this work was to analyze the risks focused on the schedule in a complex mining project contemplating random information from different situations related to the activities and not only the duration of the activity, as well as the interaction among the variables. And, by means of Monte Carlo simulation in the risk analysis it was possible to identify and define mitigation plans with the results achieved. Proper risk management during the implementation of a complex project makes it possible to identify, quantify, and address potential risk events before they occur. Thus comes risk analysis, which becomes an application of both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Regarding quantitative analysis, Monte Carlo simulation was used in this work. And, by means of Monte Carlo simulation in the schedule risk analysis, it is possible to highlight activities that directly impact the project's deadline and enabling the team to perform mitigating actions. The simulation was performed with and without correlation between the variables, considering 1000 iterations in the crystal ball software. As a result, in an analysis without correlation between the activities it was identified that there is a probability of 41.81% of the critical path activities being between the planned and average duration, and with correlation this probability is 25.33%. That is, with the analysis and its results it helps a project manager to develop mitigation strategies, as well as to monitor the identified risks, improving the decision making process and, consequently, increasing the project's success rate
TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÇOKTAN SEÇMELİ SORU HAZIRLAMAYA İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: YILDIRIM SUNA Zekiye , BENZER Ahmet , GÜZEL Abdurrahman
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlama ile ilgili yeterliliklerini tespit etmek ve üst düzey düşünme becerilerini kullanarak çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlama konusunda görüşlerini almaktır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yönteminin olgubilim modeli kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın verileri çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlamaya yönelik yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden birisi olan ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu 14 kadın ve 10 erkek olmak üzere 24 Türkçe öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların, çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlarken öncelik sıralamalarında, %62,5 ile en çok okuma becerisini tercih ettiği, kelime becerisi alanında ise ilk sırada hiç soru hazırlamadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların en az eğitim almak istedikleri beceri alanının da %2,1 ile kelime becerisi olması dikkat çekicidir. Katılımcılara üst düzey düşünme becerilerinin neler olduğu sorulduğunda %71,2’lik kısmı üst düzey düşünme becerilerini doğru bir şekilde ifade ederken %28,8’lik kısmı doğrudan üst düzey düşünme becerileriyle ilgili olmayan kavramları üst düzey düşünme becerisi olarak sıralamıştır. Katılımcıların %91,6’lık kısmı üst düzey düşünme becerilerini derste kullandıklarını ifade etmiş fakat katılımcı görüşlerinden bu durumun var olan araç gereci kullanmaktan öteye gidemediği anlaşılmıştır. Derslerinde üst düzey düşünme becerilerini kullandığını ifade eden katılımcıların %70,8’i çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlarken bu beceriyi kullandıklarını ifade etseler de nasıl yaptıklarına dair bir örnek sunmadıkları, genel konu başlıkları verdikleri ve bu konu başlıklarının da %23,2’sinin alt düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada katılımcılar beceri alanları, ölçme ve değerlendirme, alan bilgisi ve üst düzey düşünme ile ilgili eğitime ihtiyaç duyduklarını ifade etmişlerdir.
KEMAL ERASLAN’IN ALİ ŞÎR NEVÂYÎ ÜZERİNE YAPTIĞI ÇALIŞMALAR VE NEVÂYÎ ÜZERİNE GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: YILMAZ Burcu
Published: June 2023

Ömrünü ilme adamış bir şahsiyet, Çağatay Türkçesi ve Ali Şîr Nevâyî deyince akla gelen bilim insanlarından biri, Türk diline yaptığı hizmetlerle Türkolojiye büyük katkılar sunan değerli bilim insanı Prof. Dr. Kemal Eraslan’ın Nevâyî üzerine yaptığı çalışmalar ve onun hakkındaki görüşleri bu makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Kemal Eraslan, Doğu Türkçesinin XV. yüzyıl başından XIX. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar devam eden ve Orta Asya Edebî Türkçesinin dönemlerinden biri olan Çağatay Türkçesi ile ilgili kapsamlı çalışmalar ortaya koymuştur. Çağatay Türkçesinin dilini yapılandırıp geliştiren, hatta Çağatay dili denildiğinde Nevâyî dili olarak anılan bir dönemle eşleşecek kadar Türk diline hizmetleri olan Ali şîr Nevâyî, Kemal Eraslan’ın 52 yıl boyunca yaptığı ilmî çalışmaların önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Kemal Eraslan Ali Şîr Nevâyî, Nesâyimü’l-mahabbe min Şemâyimi’l-fütüvve, Metin ve Dil Özellikleri” başlıklı tezi ile 1970 yılında Doktor unvanını aldı. Akademik kariyerin ilk ve en önemli basamaklarından biri olarak görülen doktora tezinin konusunu da oluşturan Kemal Eraslan’ın Ali Şîr Nevâyî çalışmaları, yıllar içerisinde istikrarlı bir şekilde devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmalarının yanı sıra, verdiği yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinin danışmanlığı vasıtası ile de Çağatay Türkçesi ve Ali Şîr Nevâyî ile ilgili çalışmalar yapılmasına katkı sunmuştur. Ayrıca Kemal Eraslan’ın Nevâyî ve eserleriyle ilgili çalışmalarında, Nevâyî hakkındaki görüşleri oldukça orijinal ve dikkatli tespitlerdir.

Bu çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde Kemal Eraslan ve çalışma sahası, Çağatay Türkçesi ve Ali Şîr Nevâyî hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde Kemal Eraslan’ın Nevâyî üzerine yaptığı çalışmalar ve bu çalışmaların detayları tanıtılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde ise Eraslan’ın, Nevâyî ile ilgili çalışmalarından hareketle Nevâyî hakkındaki görüşleri ve bakış açısı irdelenmiştir.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Learnıng Management System terhadap Efektıvıtas Pembelajaran Mahasıswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendıdıkan Unıversıtas Papua
Authors: Nuhuyanan Engelbertus William Archian , Widyaningsih Sri Wahyu , A. Yenusi Kaleb , Yusuf Irfan
Published: June 2023

Riset ini memiliki tujuan agar mengetahui pengaruh kemudahan, kemanfaatan, dan kualitas layanan terhadap keinginan mahasiswa FKIP UNIPA dalam menggunakan LMS, serta mengetahui pengaruh keinginan untuk menggunakan LMS terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran mahasiswa FKIP UNIPA. Metode Riset yang digunakan yaitu metode hubungan kasualitas (sebab-akibat) yang mana angket sebagai instrumen Riset. Teknik sampel yaitu menggunakan Purposive Sampling dengan sampel 140 mahasiswa. Riset ini menggunakan teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan uji t dengan menggunakan model regresi linear. Hasil analisis terdapat 2 model mana terlihat pada model I nilai signifikansi pada variabel (X1) sebesar 0,257 dapat dikatakan variabel ini tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap (Z) dikarenakan lebih besar dari 0,05, pada variabel (X2) bernilai kurang dari 0,001 dapat dikatakan variabel ini memiliki pengaruh terhadap (Z) dikarenakan lebih kecil dari 0,05, dan pada variabel (X3) bernilai kurang dari 0,001 dapat dikatakan variabel ini memiliki pengaruh terhadap (Z) dikarenakan lebih kecil dari 0,05, Pada model II dapat terlihat nilai signifikansi pada variabel (Z) bernilai kurang dari 0,001 dapat dikatakan variabel ini memiliki pengaruh terhadap (Y) dikarenakan lebih kecil dari 0,05. Hal ini menunjukan pada model I dari segi kemanfaatan dan kualitas layanan dapat berpengaruh terhadap keinginan menggunakan LMS sedangkan untuk segi kemudahan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penggunaan LMS, dan untuk model II dapat dikatakan keinginan menggunakan LMS mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap efektifitas pembelajaran.
How Covid-19 taught teachers how to teach online– a case study at the Open University of Mauritius
Authors: GUNGEA Meera
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 marked the next year with unprecedented death tolls, millions of infected people, and the closure of almost all activities, including education. The UN 2020 report highlights that this pandemic has caused the largest disruption of education in history with a near-universal impact on learners and teachers around the world. A total lockdown was enforced in Mauritius from 19th March 2020. On the eve, the Open University of Mauritius academic staff got prepared to adopt online teaching without any time to train its 400 part-time tutors and time to think about tutor and learner coping challenges. Guidelines to conduct classes and access classes online were shared to teachers and learners respectively. The next day, the tutors were performing tasks in which most of them were not competent in. Along with teaching, they were pushed to learn different skills and methods to teach online and acquaint themselves with new tools. Yet, they did it and the syllabus coverage was not disrupted. This research was carried out with some of those part-time teachers, selected using purposive sampling from one particular programme. It adopts the narrative inquiry to gauge the driving forces that enabled teachers to teach under such circumstances, to be resilient, and to emerge as front-liners in education. The main findings indicate that it was a steep learning curve and daunting task leading to a sense of inadequacy as they successfully emerged to reach out to students and make a difference for them.
Using machine learning to predict 30-day readmission and reoperation following resection of supratentorial high-grade gliomas: an ACS NSQIP study involving 9418 patients
Authors: Ghaith Abdul Karim , Ghanem Marc , Zamanian Cameron , Bon-Nieves Antonio A. , Bhandarkar Archis , Nathani Karim , Bydon Mohamad , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are among the rarest yet most aggressive tumor types in neurosurgical practice. In the current literature, few studies have assessed the drivers of early outcomes following resection of these tumors and investigated their association with quality of care. The authors aimed to identify the clinical predictors for 30-day readmission and reoperation following HGG surgery using the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database and sought to create web-based applications predicting each outcome.

METHODS

Using the ACS NSQIP database, the authors conducted a retrospective, multicenter cohort analysis of patients who underwent resection of supratentorial HGGs between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Demographics and comorbidities were extracted. The primary outcomes were 30-day unplanned readmission and reoperation. A stratified 80:20 split of the available data was carried out. Supervised machine learning algorithms were trained to predict 30-day outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 9418 patients were included in our cohort. The observed rate of unplanned readmission within 30 days of surgery was 13.0% (n = 1221). In terms of predictors, weight, chronic steroid use, preoperative blood urea nitrogen level, and white blood cell count were associated with a higher risk of readmission. The observed rate of unplanned reoperation within 30 days of surgery was 5.2% (n = 489). In terms of predictors, increased weight, longer operative time, and more days between hospital admission and operation were associated with an increased risk of early reoperation. The random forest algorithm showed the highest predictive performance for early readmission (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.967), while the XGBoost algorithm showed the highest predictive performance for early reoperation (AUC = 0.985). Web-based tools for both outcomes were deployed (https://glioma-readmission.herokuapp.com/ and https://glioma-reoperation.herokuapp.com/).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, the authors provide the first nationwide analysis for short-term outcomes in patients undergoing resection of supratentorial HGGs. Multiple patient, hospital, and admission factors were associated with readmission and reoperation, confirmed by machine learning predicting patients’ prognosis, leading to better planning preoperatively and subsequently improved personalized patient care.