bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN SOP PERAWAT DALAM K3
Authors: Husnah Rizky Asmaul
Published: December 2019

Standart Operating Procedure (SOP) adalah satu perangkat instruksi atau langkah-langkah kegiatan yang dibakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tertentu. Perawat di rumah sakit berisiko terkena penyakit dan kecelakaan kerja sesuai dengan tindakan yang dilakukan. Kecelakaan kerja yang paling umum terjadi adalah luka tertusuk jarum suntik bekas pasien saat melakukan tindakan injeksi, lebih sering dikenal dengan istilah Needle Stick Injury (NSI). Jika perawat tidak patuh dalam penerapan SOP teknik menyuntik dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja tertusuk jarum berdampak pada penularan infeksi patogen yang membahayakan diri perawat dan pasien. Sehingga peranan program SOP sangat penting untuk terhindar dari kecelakaan kerja yaitu kejadian tertusuk jarum suntik atau NSI.
PENTINGNYA PENERAPAN K3 OLEH PERAWAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Sihombing Rut Windy Cahayana
Published: December 2019

Latar belakang: K3 merupakan aspek yang penting dalam usaha meningkatkan kesejahteraan karyawan. Apabila tingkat keselamatan kerja tinggi, maka kecelakaan yang menyebabkan sakit, cacat, dan kematian dapat ditekan sekecil mungkin. Tujuan: mengetahui pentingnya penerapan k3 oleh perawat dalam meningkatkan mutu rumah sakit. Metode : kajian pustaka. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis dengan data sekunder terhadap beberapa referensi yang mendukung. Beberapa referensi dikutip dan dikaji kemudian di buat analisisnya. Analisisis dibuat dengan berkaitan dengan pentingnya penerapan k3 oleh perawat dalam meningkatkan mutu rumah sakit. Hasil : keselamatan pasien rumah sakit adalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman.
PENTINGNYA MENGETAHUI AKREDITASI RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN
Authors: HARAHAP APRILIANI PERMATA KHAIRUNNISA
Published: December 2019

Latar Belakang : Rumah Sakit adalah institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan perorangan secara paripurna yang menyediakan pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan, dan gawat darurat.Tujuan : Untuk memahami akreditasi rumah sakit dengan keselamatan pasien,ini sangat penting diketahui oleh seroang perawatMetode : Metode yang digunakan yaitu Literatature review, analis,membaca buku dari referensiyang berbeda, dan juga di lengkapin dengane-journal dan e-book yang mendukungdengan judul kajian ini.Hasil : Akreditasi adalah suatu bentuk pengakuan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah untuk suatu lembaga institusi. Kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan sesuai standar merupakan profesionalisme yang dapat menyebabkan efisiensi dalam pelayanan dan kemampuan kompetitif rumah sakit yang positif.Kesimpulan : dari hasil kajian yang saya buat, didapat keismpulan persepsi manfaat akreditasi berpengaruh pada partisipasi akreditasi, persepsi manfaat akreditasi berpengaruh pada komitmen organisasional, persepsi manfaat akreditasi berpengaruh pada kepuasan kerja, partisipasi akreditasi berpengaruh pada komitmen organisasional, partisipasi akreditasi berpengaruh pada kepuasan kerja,
Teroris Tidak Paham Nilai-Nilai Pancasila, Polisi Menjadi Target Nomor Satu Ledakan Bom
Authors: Karen  , enggarwati Karen
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAKTerorisme yang terjadi di Indonesia kebanyakan dilakukan oleh kelompok militan Jemaah Islamiyah yang berhubungan dengan al-Qaeda ataupun kelompok militan yang menggunakan ideologi serupa dengan mereka. Sejak tahun 2002, beberapa "target negara Barat" telah diserang. Korban yang jatuh adalah turis Barat dan juga penduduk Indonesia. Terorisme di Indonesia dimulai tahun 2000 dengan terjadinya Bom Bursa Efek Jakarta, diikuti dengan empat serangan besar lainnya, dan yang paling mematikan adalah Bom Bali 2002. Di penghujung tahun 2019 terjadi lagi aksi bom bunuh diri di Mapolrestabes Medan, Sumatera Utara. Pergeseran serangan teroris ini seiring apa yang disebut paham jihad fardiyah atau jihad perorangan menguat. Aksi dilakukan oleh satu orang atau beberapa orang yang tidak selalu terkait struktur komando yang rapi hingga ke jaringan internasional. Mereka berpikir dan berideologi bahwa pemerintah adalah thoghut alias musuh utama. Polisi dituding sebagai ansharut thoghut atau tentara pemerintah thoghut. Selain itu, akar masalah munculnya sentimen terhadap aparat pemerintahan ialah keterlibatan kuat polisi, terutama Densus 88, dalam pemberantasan terorisme. Dengan demikian, di tengah merebaknya tindakan terorisme dan radikalisme, pemerintah dan kepolisian harus bisa mencegah pelaku bom bunuh diri. Karena itu, pada saat ini bangsa Indonesia harus banyak melakukan banyak sosialisasi serta penghayatan dan pengamalan nilai-nilai pancasila, menumbuhkan nilai-nilai rasa kebangsaan dan rasa kewarganegaraan Indonesa harus dijadikan sebagai jalan memutus mata rantai aksi terorisme.
PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN OLEH PERAWAT UNTUK KESEMBUHAN PASIEN
Authors: rani May
Published: December 2019

Keselamatan Pasien (patient safety) merupakan isu global dan nasional bagi seluruh rumah sakit, komponen penting dari mutu layanan kesehatan, prinsip dasar dari pelayanan pasien dan komponen kritis dari manajemen mutu kesehatan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui tentang hal-hal yang mengenai keselamatan pasien agar dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit dan juga agar nantinya mahasiswa keperawatan dapat menerepkan patient safety karena patient safety ini menjadi prioritas utama di rumah sakit. Rancangan penugasan kajian ini menggunakan buku teks, buku referensi, jurnal, e-journal (10 tahun terakhir) dengan menganalis, eksplorasi dan kajian bebas. Pada literature review didapatkan hasil bahwa untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, seorang perawat harus mampu memahami komponen-komponen dalm penerapan keselamatan pasien. Keselamatan pasien adalah prioritas. Peran perawat dalam pelaksanaan Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien perlu dioptimalkan dalam rangka peningkatan mutu dan keselamatan pasien. Perawat di semua level harus disamakan dulu persepsinya khususnya dalam pemahaman Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien agar memberikan konstribusi yang optimal. Sebaiknya perawat dalam bekerja harus mengutamakan keselamatan pasien demi mendapatkan kasil pelayanan yang baik bagi pasien.
PENGARUH AKREDITASI RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN
Authors: Harefa Dibetriyana
Published: December 2019

Keselamatan pasien adalah sesuatu yang jauh lebih penting dari pada sekedar efisiensi pelayanan, dan perilaku dengan kemampuan perawat yang berperan penting.Tujuan penelitian:mengetahui hubungan perilaku dengan kemampuan perawat dalammelaksanakan keselamatan pasien. Metode:desain penelitian ini adalahcross sectional. Hasil: analisis menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test dan menunjukkan nilai pada identifikasi pasien yaitu p=0,037, pada resiko infeksi pasien nilai p=0,005, dan pada resiko pasien jatuh nilai p=0,001 menggunakan Chi-square.Semua nilai plebih kecil dari nilai α=0,05. Simpulan: terdapat hubungan antara perilaku dengan kemampuan perawat dalam melaksanakan patiet safety. Saran: rumah sakit lebih meningkatkan lagi mutu pelayanan keperawatan yang berkaitan dengan keselamatan pasien sesuai dengan panduan nasional keselamatan pasien.
HUBUNGAN PENINGKATAN PELAYANAAN DAN PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Lubis Ade sulistya
Published: December 2019

Latar belakang: Antenatal care merupakan pelayanan kesehatan dasar untuk ibu hamil yang harus dilakukan sesuai standar, yaitu minimal 4 kali selama masa kehamilan.Tujuan : agar dapat mengetahui hubungan peningkatan pelayanaan dan penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada ibu hamil . Metode: menggunakan metode tersearch dan analisis dari berbagai sumber seperti buku teks, buku referensi jurnal, e-book, dan juga membandingkan beberapa jurnal yang berhubungan hubungan peningkatan pelayanaan dan penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada ibu hamil. Hasil: Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman, sehat, bebas dari kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja.Kesimpulan: pelayanan kesehatan dasar untuk ibu hamil yang harus dilakukan sesuai standar, yaitu minimal 4 kali selama masa kehamilan.
Manajemen Resiko Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Asuhan Keperawatan di IGD
Authors: Kurniati Dewi
Published: December 2019

Undang-undang No.44 Tahun 2009 tentang Rumah Sakit pasal 7 ayat 1, bahwa salah satu persyaratan Rumah Sakit adalah harus memenuhi unsur keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Laporan National Safety Council (NSC) tahun 1988 menunjukkan terjadinya kecelakaan di RS 41% lebih besar dari pekerja di industri lain. Kasus yang sering terjadi di antaranya tertusuk jarum atau needle stick injury (NSI), terkilir, sakit pinggang, tergores/terpotong, luka bakar, penyakit dan infeksi. Salah satu upaya pencegahan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja adalah dengan melakukan analisis risiko. membuat job hazard analisis, kemudian dilakukan analisis risiko dengan pendekatan AS/NZS 4360: 2004 dan menilai dengan tabel W.T.Fine. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa faktor bahaya di instalasi gawat darurat terdiri dari bahaya fisik, biologi, ergonomi, perilaku, dan psikologis. Faktor bahaya fisik merupakan yang dominan yaitu jarum suntik (benda tajam) yang berdampak luka tusuk dan tertular penyakit menular dari pasien. Nilai risiko tertinggi bahaya fisik dan biologi pada proses pekerjaan pemasangan infus pada pasien sebesar 150 (tinggi) mengharuskan adanya perbaikan secara teknis. Nilai risiko ini didapatkan apabila telah melakukan rekomendasi pengendalian dari peneliti.
PERAN K3 DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: hafaz Ibnu
Published: December 2019

Latar belakang : Rumah sakit merupakan sarana pelayanan yang bergerak dibidang pelayanan jasa kesehatan yang mempunyai beragam persoalan tenaga kerja yang rumit dengan berbagai risiko terkena penyakit akibat kerja bahkan kecelakaan akibat kerja sesuai jenis pekerjaannya sehingga berkewajiban menerapkan upaya pembinaan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Rumah Sakit. Tujuan : Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keselmatan dan kesehatan kerja yang sudah menerapkan pelayanan dalam melakukan k3. Metode : analisis, eksplorasi dan kajian bebas. Hasil : perawat harus memproitaskan diri ny untuk keselamatan dan keshatan kerja dan tidak hanya fokus kepada pasien. Pembahasan : sikap perawat terhadap pencegahan cidera/ kecelakaan akibat benda tajam dan terjadinya cidera akibat benda tajam. Kesimpulan : Perawat yang memiliki sikap negative terhadap pencegahan cidera benda tajam hampir dua kali cenderung terkena cidera benda tajam dibandingkan dengan yang bersikap positif. Saran : Perawat harus mampu memahami resiko yang akan terjadi apabila tidak sesuai dengan prosedur k3.
How Young is Your Heart ?
Authors: Regmi Prakash Raj
Published: December 2019

A low calorie, nutritionally balanced diet has been associated with slowing the ageing process of the heart - which is why this year's World Heart Day campaign asks: “How Young is Your Heart?"
Mindful Leadership: The Ability of Leader to Establish Connection to Others, Community, and Deal with Changes Skillfully-A Case Study of Buddhist Higher Education Institute Leader
Authors: BURMANSAH Burmansah , RUGAIYAH Rugaiyah , MUKHTAR Mukhneri
Published: December 2019

This research is a single case study using a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data consisting of written or oral words resulted from interviews and observation. The research was carried out at the Institute of Advanced Buddhist Studies – Plum Village Buddhist Monastery Upper Hamlet of France. The research procedures used in this case study consist of six steps of case study research by Robert K. Yin namely: plan, design, prepare-share, collect-design, analyze-collect or collect analyze, and share. The research data collection was obtained by purposive sampling and snowball sampling involving researchers and informants such as the leader (Abbot) of IABS – Upper Hamlet, policymakers, and policy actors. Data analysis techniques are used through pattern matching, explanation making, and analyzing data time series. This research found that through mindful leadership the leader has the ability to deal with other parties, communities, and directing change skillfully. Leadership that focuses on the connections formed between leaders and followers, it is seen in various aspects which show that the relationship formed between the leader and members of the community is so close and directed. Mindful leadership which is based on the approach to build a community or also often known as the community life approach in every action of his leadership
Bioethanol Dari Limbah Kulit Singkong (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Melalui Metode Hidrolisa Dan Fermentasi Dengan Bantuan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Guntama Dody , Herdiana Yogi , Sujiana Uji Alman , Endes Rahel Laurenta , Sunandar Endang
Published: December 2019

Kulit singkong merupakan limbah pangan yang memiliki kandungan pati yang cukup tinggi, sehingga berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan energi alternatif yaitu etanol. Pada penelitian kali ini kulit singkong yang sudah dikeringkan dibuat menjadi tepung kulit singkong, selanjutnya dilakukan hidrolisa dengan menggunakan dua jenis katalis asam yaitu HCl dan H2SO4 untuk mencari katalis terbaik pada proses hidrolisa. Pada proses hidrolisa juga dilakukan perbandingan kecepatan pengadukan dan suhu hidrolisa untuk mencari hubungan antara kecepatan pengadukan dan pengaruh suhu terhadap reaksi hidrolisa. Setelah proses hidrolisa, larutan glukosa yang dihasilkan dilanjutkan dengan proses fermentasi dengan menggunakan yeast. Pada proses hidrolisa dengan menggunakan HCl dan H2SO4 dilakukan analisa kadar glukosa dengan menggunakan refractometer glukosa sehingga didapatkan konsentrasi glukosa dengan menggunakan katalis asam klorida sebesar 12 °Brix sedangkan pada katalis asam sulfat didapatkan gula sebesar 10 °brix. Temperatur Hidrolisa mempengaruhi perolehan gula. Pada tahapan fermentasi gula dapat dihasilkan oleh yeast, Konsentrasi alkohol tertinggi yang diukur menggunakan refractometer alkohol sebesar 29 % volume oleh proses hidrolisa menggunakan katalis asam klorida, sedangkan pada katalis asam sulfat didapat alkohol sebesar 30 % volume.
The Anti-Help
Authors: Zidaru-Bărbulescu Teodor
Published: December 2019

Africanist scholarship and anthropological literature on envy offer a jaundiced take on the ugly feelings that can arise in the wake of increasing scarcity and inequality. Proposing an inductive approach that attends to the performativity of words and feelings, this article explores how a Gusii ideal of containing the expression and escalation of ugly feelings influences collective mutual help arrangements. It elaborates on local concerns with the ‘anti-help’, or the confrontational side of help where ugly feelings can be voiced, named, elicited or concealed. In doing so, the article tracks how containing the anti-help structures the relationship between language and emotion, while also acting upon inner experience and affording a political order where a variety of ugly feelings runs the risk of being reduced to envy.
Stability defect estimation for sets in a game approach problem in a fixed moment
Authors: Ushakov V. N. , Malev A. G.
Published: December 2019

We study the game problem of approaching a control system with a target set at a fixed point in time. The question of estimating from below the stability defect of a set in the position space weakly invariant with respect to a finite set of unification differential inclusions is discussed.
Oxygen isotope composition of zircons from the Talnakh economic intrusion of the Noril’sk province: first data
Authors: Badanina I. Yu. , Belousova E. A. , Malitch K. N. , Sluzhenikin S. F.
Published: December 2019

This study presents the first results of oxygen isotope analyses (18O) collected on zircons from the Talnakh economic intrusion within the Norilsk province. Zircons from gabbro-diorite, gabbroic rocks of the layered series and plagioclase-bearing wehrlite have similar mantle-like mean 18O values (5,39 0,49; 5,64 0,48 and of 5,28 0,34, respectively), which differ from 18O in zircons from sulfide-bearing melanocratic troctolite with a taxitic texture in the lower part of the intrusion (mean 18O = 6,50 0,98). These new oxygen isotope data support (i) the mantle-derived origin of the primary magma(s), parental to the Talnakh intrusion, and (ii) possible involvement of a crustal component during the formation of sulfide-bearing taxitic-textured rocks.
Kajian Awal Adosrben Abu Kayu Terhadap Methylene Blue
Authors: HR Yuliani , Tri Hartono , S Puspita , Juliati Juliati , A.A Musfirah , A.N.P.Z Isma , A.I Ida
Published: December 2019

This study aim the adsorption capacity of wood ash adsorbent from Makassar coto wood (ACM) and wood ash in the air cooking (AMA) of the blue methylene solution and its characteristics. ACM is activated by NaOH 3M and NaCl 0.85 M, to improve its performance as an adsorbent. ACM without permission and activation as well as AMA of 0.25 grams were tested against 50 ml of methyl blue with concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm. Adsorption runs for 1.5 hours using a shaker at a speed of 500 rom. Adsorbent and adsorbate use filter paper then the absorbance of the filtrate is taken to determine the equilibrium concentration (Ce) of methylene blue. The maximum adsorbent capacity (qm) is determined using the Langmuer equation for the administrator's ACM adorbent type and without activation with AMA. Other tests consisted of adsorbent characteristics consisting of ACM and AMA compositions. The results of the study showed differences, namely ACA having a composition of 28.15% Silica (Si), 20.86% Ca and AMA namely 30.68% Si, 15.29% Ca. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of ACM is 12.37 mg / g and for AMA is 10.29 mg / g. Activation of 3M NaOH ACM has an adsorption capacity (qm) of 13.01 mg / g and activation of 0.85 M NaCl which is 15.15 mg / g.
Pengaruh Kelengkungan Sudu Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius
Authors: Jamal Jamal , Yunus A. M. Shiddiq , Lewi Lewi
Published: December 2019

Savonius wind turbine is one of the wind turbines that is more widely used for low energy needs, with more energy needs, this turbine type is very feasible to be developed. This research aims to improve the performance of Savonius wind turbines with variations in turbine blade curvature and variations in wind speed. The research method is a laboratory experiment on the fan test, the blade curvature test variation is 1R; 1.5R and 2R, another variation is the wind speed which are 4.0; 5.5; 7.0 and 8.5 m/s. The experiement results shows that the greater the wind speed, the input power, air mass flow velocity, power output, and efficiency will be even greater; the greater the load force on the turbine shaft, the torque on the turbine shaft will also be greater; the relationship of force loads to power output and turbine efficiency is to construct a parabolic curve; for the same wind speed, the 2R turbine has the lowest rotation, power output and efficiency compared to the 1R and 1.5R turbines; at the same wind speed the 1R turbine produces a higher rotation but requires lower torque than the 1.5R turbine; at low wind speeds (4 m / s) the 1.5R turbine has better efficiency than the 1R turbine, whereas at the high wind speed (8.5 m/s) the 1R turbine has a better efficiency than the 1.5R turbine; The maximum efficiency is obtained at 89.56% in the 1R curvature turbine with a wind speed of 8.5 m / s.
Analisis Prakiraan Beban Listrik Rumah Tangga dengan Menggunakan Metode Regresi
Authors: Marwan Marwan
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to analyse the number of consumers and electricity load of residential house in South Makassar region for 2019. To achieved this goal, a simple linear regression method for calculating the number of consumers and multiple linear regression methods to calculate the electrical load. To analyse this study, electricity data was taken from Electricity State Company (called PLN) since 2015 to 2016. Based on the results illustrated that the number of consumers and electricity load at the end of December 2019 were 752865 and 155187128 kWh, respectively.
Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) improves the Quality of Life in adults with Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Mian-Ying , Lutfiyya M. Nawal , Weidenbacher-Hoper Vicki , Peng Lin , Lipsky Martin S. , Anderson Gary
Published: December 2019

Background: Morinda citrifolia Linn (noni), as a “pain killer”, has been used as a traditional medicine by Polynesians for over 2000 years. It was reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects including analgesic and anti-inflammation. The in-vitro and in vivoanti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of noni juice (NJ) suggest that NJ may be a useful adjunctive treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). In this pilot study we explored whether NJ improves the symptoms and Quality of Life (QoL) for adults with OA. We also sought to evaluate the tolerability and safety of NJ for patients with OA in a primary care setting. Methods: This was an open label three-month intervention pilot study. Data were collected by pre/post intervention survey and laboratory testing. Inclusion criteria were: adults of both sexes aged 40 to 75, with a diagnosis of OA on the hip or knee by x-ray examination provided by their primary care physician, not on prescription medicine for OA, and who were willing to drink 3 oz of NJ a day for 90 days. Results: Of the 64 questions measuring different aspects of QoL asked on the pre/post survey, 49 (77%) had significant pre/post mean scale differences as measured by independent t-test. The OA patients reported being significantly more satisfied with their current health conditions including mobility, walking and bending, hand, finger, and arm functions, household tasks, social activity, arthritis pain, work ability, level of tension, and mood. The study participants were also more positive about their future health and reported taking less over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers. Pre/post laboratory testing including: lipid panel, liver and kidney functions were in the normal ranges. High Sensitive C Reactive Protein (hsCRP), an inflammatory biomarker, was reduced by 10% after the intervention. Conclusion: As a nutritional supplement, NJ demonstrated a potential therapeutic effect and improved the symptoms and the QoL for adults with OA. A larger, double blinded, and placebo controlled clinical trial study is needed to confirm these benefits. NJ has the potential to become an adjunctive therapy for OA patients. Clinical trial registration number: NCT01070264.Key words: Morinda citrifolia (noni), Noni juice (NJ), Osteoarthritis, Quality of life (QoL), pain scales
Lipid Replacement Therapy: a Functional Food Approach with New Formulations for Reducing Cellular Oxidative Damage, Cancer-Associated Fatigue and the Adverse Effects of Cancer Therapy
Authors: Nicolson Garth L. , Settineri Robert
Published: December 2019

Background: Cancer-associated fatigue and the chronic adverse effects of cancer therapy can be reduced by Lipid Replacement Therapy (LRT) using membrane phospholipid mixtures given as food supplements. Methods: This is a review of the published literature on LRT and its uses.Results: LRT significantly reduced fatigue in cancer patients as well as patients suffering from chronic fatiguing illnesses and other medical conditions. It also reduced the adverse effects of chemotherapy, resulting in improvements in incidence of fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, impaired taste, constipation, insomnia and other quality of life indicators. In other diseases, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome and other chronic fatiguing illnesses, LRT reduced fatigue by 35.5-43.1% in different clinical trials and increased mitochondrial function.Conclusions: LRT formulations appear to be useful as non-toxic dietary supplements for direct use or placed in functional foods to reduce fatigue and restore mitochondrial and other cellular membrane functions. Formulations of LRT phospholipids are suitable for addition to various food products for the treatment of a variety of chronic illnesses as well as their application in anti-aging and other health supplements and products.Keywords: nutritional supplements, NT factor®, Coenzyme Q10, cancer fatigue, mitochondria
Effects of Clear Kefir on Biomolecular Aspects of Glycemic Status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients in Bandung, West Java [Study on Human Blood Glucose, c Peptide and Insulin]
Authors: Judiono J , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Indranila K S , Cahyono Bambang , Suzery Meiny , Widiastuti Yuliati , Purnawan Asep Iwan
Published: December 2019

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) triggers an excessive reaction of free-radicals. It increases reactive oxygen species and reduces antioxidants status as well as the β cell damage. Clear kefir was used for DM therapies, however it limited biomolecular exploration of its bioactive roles. Research aimed to investigate the effects of clear kefir on the biomolecular nature of the glycemic status of T2DM in Bandung. Methods: The randomized pretest-posttest control group was conducted by 106 T2DM patients. Research was done in several hospitals in Bandung and Cimahi, West Java from 2012–2013. Samples were divided randomly into three groups: (1) T2DM with HbA1c < 7 was fed a standard diet, supplemented with 200 ml/day of clear kefir, (2) T2DM with HbA1c > 7 fed standard diet and supplemented 200 ml/day by clear kefir, (3) T2DM with HbA1c was fed a standard diet as a control group. Dose response was obtained from a preeliminary vivo study, and then converted to human dosage by year 2011. Intervention was effectively done for 30 days. HbA1c was measured by HPLC. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and Postprandial blood glucose levels (PBG) were measured by enzymes levels. C Peptide and insulin were measured by Elisa. Data was analyzed by a statictics programme by significance p<0,05. Study was approved by ethic committee. Results : HbA1c was significantly reduced in delta level (p<0.01) and FBG (p<0.015) among kefir groups. PBG was not significantly reduced among groups. C-Peptide was significantly increased in delta level, except in control group (p<0.014). Insulin was reduced significantly, except in control group (p<0.003).Conclusions : Supplementation of clear kefir reduced blood glucose levels (HbA1c, FBG, PBG) and increased c-peptide. Clear kefir’s biomolecular mechanisms and chemistry characterization is a challenge for future studies.Keywords : Diabetes melitus, hyperglicemia, clear kefir, insulin, c peptide
Gluten-free and casein-free diets in the treatment of autism
Authors: Reissmann Andreas , Hauser Joachim , Makulska-Gertruda Ewelina , Tomsa Loredana , W. Lange Klaus
Published: December 2019

Background: Autism is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by three core symptoms, i.e. impairments in social interaction, restricted patterns of behavior and impairments in communication. In the framework of the “opioid excess theory”, the disorder symptoms are compared to the behavioral effects of opiates. Based on this, a possible nutritional basis of autism has been proposed, hypothesizing that certain food proteins such as gluten and casein can be transformed to opioid peptides during digestion. These peptides might eventually be able to enter the blood stream and act upon the central nervous system. As a consequence, a diet low in such proteins has been hypothesized to ameliorate the behavioral symptoms of autistic children.Objective: The scope of this review was to analyze the effects of gluten-free and casein-free (GFCF) diets on children with autism, as well as to provide information concerning additional aspects related to the GFCF diet in autism.Methods: A literature search was conducted including scientific publications up until December 2013. Search results were screened for any kind of GFCF dietary intervention as well as surveys dealing with GFCF as a treatment for autism.Results: A review of survey data shows that up to 25 % of parents of affected children report on current use of a GFCF diet. The majority of identified studies evaluating GFCF diet outcomes failed to meet basic methodological standards of interventional science. Comparison of study results did not show any clear-cut results, with a substantial proportion of studies failing to show any positive dietary effect. The results of more sophisticated trials were far from equivocal and the studies differed by many methodological aspects. Some variables such as information source and trial duration seemed to affect outcome. Conclusions: Evidence for the effectiveness of the GFCF diet in the treatment of autism is sparse. Rigorous scientific evaluations partly failed to confirm therapeutic effects of the GFCF diet. These and other negative results related to the opioid excess theory weaken the underlying rationale for GFCF diet use. Nevertheless, more sophisticated investigations should be conducted in order to identify possible benefits and harms of such a dietary approach.Key words: gluten-free and casein-free diet, opioid excess theory, autism, autistic spectrum disorder, therapeutic effects, evidence base, prevalence of use
Protein hydrolysates and recovery of muscle damage following eccentric exercise
Authors: M.J Dale , R.L Thomson , A.M Coates , P.R.C Howe , A Brown , J.D Buckley
Published: December 2019

Background: A whey protein hydrolysate (NatraBoost XR; WPHNB) has been shown to speed repair muscle damage. We sought to determine whether this benefit is specific to this hydrolysate to evaluate a marker for quality control.Methods: Three hydrolysates of the same whey protein isolate (WPI) were prepared (WPHNB, WPH1 and WPH2). Isometric knee extensor strength was measured in 39 sedentary male participants before and after 100 maximal eccentric contractions of the knee extensors to induce muscle damage. Participants were then randomised to consume 250 ml of flavoured water (FW, n=9), or 250 ml of FW containing 25 g of either NatraBoost XR (n=3), WPH1 (n=9), WPH2 (n=9) or WPI (n=9). Strength was reassessed over the next seven days while the supplements were consumed daily. Fibroblasts were cultured for 48 hr in the presence of the different hydrolysates, WPI, saline or fetal bovine serum to ascertain effects on cell proliferation.Results: Strength was reduced in all treatment groups after eccentric exercise (P<0.001). Strength recovered steadily over 7 days in the FW, WPI, WPH1 and WPH2 treatment groups (P<0.001), with no difference between treatments (P=0.87). WPHNB promoted faster strength recovery compared with the other treatments (P<0.001). Fibroblast proliferation was greater with WPHNB compared with saline, WPI or the other hydrolysates (P<0.001).Conclusions: Promoting recovery from muscle damage seems unique to WPHNB. In vitro fibroblast proliferation may be a useful marker for quality control. It is not clear whether effects on fibroblast proliferation contribute to the in vivo effect of WPHNB on muscle damage.Keywords: tissue repair, fibroblast proliferation, strength recovery, whey protein
European Health Claims for Small and Medium-Sized Companies – Utopian Dream or Future Reality?
Authors: Brandenburger Sonja , Birringer Marc
Published: December 2019

Background: In December 2007, the European Regulation (EC) 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims came into force. The European Union wanted to regulate the use of health claims on products. An online survey was carried out to evaluate the situation, particularly of small and medium-sized companies, dealing with the new regulation.Methods: The online survey on health claims was conducted with 16 enterprises. To underline the findings a SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis was made of the nutrition and health claims regulation regarding small and medium-sized companies in the European food and drink market.Results: The findings of this study indicated that the European Union did a step in the right direction. Most companies defined the decent competition, the simplified trade within the inner-European market, and the consumer protection as positive aspects. The biggest threat is seen in false investment conditioned by the limited research and development budgets, especially of small and medium-sized enterprises, and the cost intensive scientific evaluation to reach an authorized health claim.Conclusions: Overall, there are several strengths and opportunities speaking for SMEs and health claims in the near future. The most promising ones are the publishing of the new European Union Register of Nutrition and Health Claims and the learning effects that will occur. The biggest threat is, and will remain to be, false investment and the possible loss of a lot of money. Nevertheless, health claims for small and medium-sized enterprises will inevitably be the future to keep the European food and drink market competitive.Keywords: health claims, European Legislation, SME
Water-soluble low-molecular-weight b-(1, 3–1, 6) D-Glucan inhibit cedar pollinosis
Authors: Jippo Tomoko , Suzuki Toshio , Sato Harumi , Kobayashi Yuko , Shigekawa Munekazu
Published: December 2019

Background: The incidences of allergenic diseases such as allergenic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergies have increased in several countries. Mast cells have critical roles in various biological processes related to allergenic diseases. Mast cells express the high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin (Ig) E on their surface. The interaction of multivalent antigens with surface-bound IgE causes the secretion of granule-stored mediators, as well as the de novo synthesis of cytokines. Those mediators and cytokines proceed the allergenic diseases. We investigated the effects of water-soluble, low-molecular-weight b-(1, 3–1, 6) D-glucan isolated from Aureobasidium pullulans 1A1 strain black yeast (LMW-b-glucan) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions. We reported that LMW-b-glucan dose-dependently inhibited the degranulation of mast cells. Furthermore, we found that orally administered LMW-b-glucan inhibited the IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in mice. Here, we examined if LMW-b-glucan had any effects on Japanese cedar pollinosis.Findings: In a clinical study, a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study in 65 subjects (aged 22-62) was performed. This study was undertaken 3 weeks before the cedar pollen season and until the end of the cedar pollen season. During the study, all subjects consumed one bottle of placebo or LMW-b-glucan daily, and all subjects were required to record allergenic symptoms in a diary. The LMW-b-glucan group had a significantly lower prevalence of sneezing, nose-blowing, tears, and hindrance to the activities of daily living than the placebo group.Conclusions: These results suggest that LMW-b-glucan could be an effective treatment for allergenic diseases.Key Words: Mast cell, anti-allergy, b-glucan, cedar pollinosis
LC-MS determination of L-DOPA concentration in the leaf and flower tissues of six faba bean (Vicia faba L.) lines with common and rare flower colors
Authors: Hu Jinguo , Kwon Soon-Jae , Park Jeong-Jin , Landry Erik , Mattinson D. Scott , Gang David R.
Published: December 2019

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of muscle control, which causes trembling of the limbs and head as well as impaired balance. L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxy phenylalanine) is the major ingredient of several prescription drugs used to treat PD. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the few plant species that is known to produce L-DOPA and has the potential to be developed as a functional food crop for people suffering with PD.Objective: Aimed to provide needed information for people who want to use faba bean as a natural remedy or functional food to relieve PD symptoms, this study analyzed the variation of L-DOPA concentration in the leaf and flower tissues of six faba bean lines with common and rare flower colors.Methods: Leaf and flower samples were taken from field grown plants with different flower colors, namely, pink with purple lines and black dots, pure white, brown, and crimson. Samples were freeze-dried and L-DOPA was quantified by a LC-MS system consisting of an ACQUITY UPLC in line with a Synapt G2 HDMS quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. This experiment was carried out in two consecutive years (2012 and 2013) and the plants used in the second year were grown from the seeds harvested from the plants used in the first year.Results and Discussion: Our two-year study revealed a high level of variation in L-DOPA concentration for leaf and flower tissues among the six faba bean lines studied. The average L-DOPA concentration based on dry weight (DW) in flowers ranged from 27.8 to 63.5 mg/g and 18.2 to 48.7 mg/g for leaf tissues. There was no significant correlation between L-DOPA concentrations in flowers and leaves. The L-DOPA concentration in flowers and in leaves of the same line varied but were not statistically significant between the two years. Ideally, the genotype with the highest average L-DOPA concentration in both flowers and leaves would be grown as a natural source of this medicinally important molecule. When developing faba bean as a functional food crop for PD patients, a careful selection of genotype seems necessary for exploiting the full potential of this natural remedy.Conclusion: Consumption of young pods and leaves is the most practical means for direct intake or processing of L-DOPA. Lastly, favorable environmental conditions for growth will optimize L-DOPA yield (Landry, et al., 2015). Further analysis of the genetic control of L-DOPA synthesis and metabolism will be valuable, with the possibility of developing environmentally resilient cultivars that can produce desirable amounts of L-DOPA for pharmaceutical use. Key words: Faba bean, L-DOPA, Parkinson’s disease
The efects of whey protein and resistant starch on body weight
Authors: Malekian Fatemah , Sebhatu Gebrelul Sebhatu , Henson James F , Cyrus Kasundra D. , Goita Mfamara , Kennedy Betty M.
Published: December 2019

Background: Obesity is widely recognized as one of the most critical health threats to families and children across the country.  Obesity is a very serious health problem for people in Louisiana and especially in African Americans Children with 40.5% in the State classified as either overweight or obese as compared to 41.2% nationally. African American women have the highest rates of being overweight or obese (79.8%) compared to non-Hispanic whites (57.9%). In 2007, African Americans were 1.4 times as likely to be obese as whites. Therefore this study was designed to test the impact of dietary whey protein (WP) and resistant starch (RS) shakes/smoothies on reduction of body fat via increased satiety and increased energy expenditure in African Americans. Methods: Twenty eight African American males and females, age 21-43 years old were randomly divided into two groups.  For a period of 24-weeks, the treatment group consumed WP and RS shakes/smoothies for breakfast and received nutrition education. For the same period, the control group consumed the same shake/smoothies but with starch powder and received nutrition education. The data was analyzed using SAS version 9.3. Results: At the end of the 24 week study, the treatment group lost a mean body weight of approximately 7 kg (P ≤ 0.008) that was significantly different from the control group (P ≤ 0.209). In addition, the treatment group exhibited a significant decrease of ~6 cm in waist circumference (P ≤ 0.023).  There was no significant effect on mean blood pressure in treatment and control group.Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that a combination of WP and RS in the form of shake/smoothie consumed for breakfast along with a nutrition education component may be an effective method in decreasing body weight, improving waist circumferences and cumulative food intake in African American males and females. Key Words:  Whey Protein, Resistant Starch, Obesity, Breakfast shakes, Nutrition education
Impact of nutritional stress on early embryonic survival
Authors: Mondal Sukanta , Reddy I. J. , Mor A.
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground: Low reproductive efficiency is the most critical problem faced by the livestock industry across the globe. Early embryonic loss is one the major cause of poor reproductive efficiency resulting in delayed pregnancy, fewer calves born, reduced milk production, slower genetic progress and substantial financial loss to the beef or dairy industry. The establishment of pregnancy results from the interaction between the embryo and the dam and is the culmination of a series of events initiated with development of the follicle and gametes. Among numerous internal and external factors nutrition has the potency to alter the micro-environment of the oocyte and the embryo, making it more hostile to optimal fertilization and pre-implantation embryonic growth. Understanding the impact of nutritional stress on oocyte function, embryo development and reciprocal signaling networks between the embryo and uterus will lead to alleviation of the problems of early embryonic mortality. Keywords:  Early embryonic loss, establishment of pregnancy, maternal recognition of pregnancy, interferon-tau, progesterone, nutritional stress, oocyte function, embryo development
From Dissemilattices to Snack Algebras
Authors: Romanowska Anna
Published: December 2019

Snack-algebras - algebras introduced for modelling databases - are shown to be distributive replicas of dissemilattices.
The Complexity of Certain Modal Formulas on Binary Ramified Subset Trees
Authors: Heinemann Bernhard
Published: December 2019

In the present note we determine the complexity of the satisfiability problem of a certain modal logic of subset spaces which was proposed in [6]. The corresponding semantics is defined w.r.t. binary ramified subset trees consisting of a set X and a distinguished set 𝒪 of subsets of X such that the relation of reverse set inclusion makes 𝒪 a binary ramified tree. It turns out that the satisfiability problem of the logic is complete in NP.
A Sweep-Line Method for Büchi Automata-based Model Checking
Authors: Evangelista Sami , Kristensen Lars Michael
Published: December 2019

The sweep-line method allows explicit state model checkers to delete states from memory on-the-fly during state space exploration, thereby lowering the memory demands of the verification procedure. The sweep-line method is based on a least-progress-first search order that prohibits the immediate use of standard on-the-fly Büchi automata-based model checking algorithms that rely on a depth-first search order in the search for an acceptance cycle. This paper proposes and experimentally evaluates an algorithm for Büchi automata-based model checking compatible with the search order and deletion of states prescribed by the sweep-line method.
Complexity of the Soundness Problem of Workflow Nets
Authors: Liu GuanJun , Sun Jun , Liu Yang , Dong JinSong
Published: December 2019

Classical workflow nets (WF-nets for short) are an important subclass of Petri nets that are widely used to model and analyze workflow systems. Soundness is a crucial property of workflow systems and guarantees that these systems are deadlock-free and bounded. Aalst et al. proved that the soundness problem is decidable for WF-nets and can be polynomially solvable for free-choice WF-nets. This paper proves that the soundness problem is PSPACE-hard for WF-nets. Furthermore, it is proven that the soundness problem is PSPACE-complete for bounded WF-nets. Based on the above conclusion, it is derived that the soundness problem is also PSPACE-complete for bounded WF-nets with reset or inhibitor arcs (ReWF-nets and InWF-nets for short, resp.). ReWF- and InWF-nets are two extensions to WF-nets and their soundness problems were proven by Aalst et al. to be undecidable. Additionally, we prove that the soundness problem is co-NP-hard for asymmetric-choice WF-nets that are a larger class and can model more cases of interaction and resource allocation than free-choice ones.
Modelling Search Engines Performance Using Coloured Petri Nets
Authors: Gil-Costa Veronica , Marin Mauricio , Inostrosa-Psijas Alonso , Lobos Jair , Bonacic Carolina
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes using Coloured Petri Nets to model performance of vertical search engines for Web search. In such systems, queries submitted by users or client systems are handled by different components implemented as services deployed on large clusters of dedicated processors. We propose models that represent key features of components running time cost at a suitable level of detail. A comprehensive evaluation study is presented to reveal good precision of models when compared against actual implementations and complex process-oriented simulators of the same search engine instances. A C++ class library is proposed to enable rapid model construction by using a hierarchical and scalable approach, and to enable transparent generation and efficient execution of respective simulation programs either sequentially or in parallel.
Self-Modifying Nets for Synchronous, Connection-Oriented, Multicast Communication
Authors: Czaja Ludwik
Published: December 2019

Petri net structures are used as communication model of network systems where message transfer channels are represented by the nets' edges, communicating agents - by nets' places and actions of communication - by nets' transitions, which here are called transmissions. The role of (structured) tokens play send/receive statements, that arrive at random, which makes the distribution of edges change dynamically. In this sense a net is self-modyfying: although the set of agents-places is fixed, the channels and communicating actions vary in the course of the net activity. Problems of deadlock and fairness is investigated.
Blending Timed Formal Models with Clock Transition Systems
Authors: Jard Claude , Lime Didier , Roux Olivier H.
Published: December 2019

Networks of Timed Automata (NTA) and Time Petri Nets (TPNs) are well-established formalisms used to model, analyze and control industrial real-time systems. The underlying theories are usually developed in different scientific communities and both formalisms have distinct strong points: for instance, conciseness for TPNs and a more flexible notion of urgency for NTA. The objective of the paper is to introduce a new model allowing the joint use of both TPNs and NTA for the modeling of timed systems. We call it Clock Transition System (CTS). This new model incorporates the advantages of the structure of Petri nets, while introducing explicitly the concept of clocks. Transitions in the network can be guarded by an expression on the clocks and reset a subset of them as in timed automata. The urgency is introduced by a separate description of invariants. We show that CTS allow to express TPNs (even when unbounded) and NTA. For those two classical models, we identify subclasses of CTSs equivalent by isomorphism of their operational semantics and provide (syntactic) translations. The classical state-space computation developed for NTA and then adapted to TPNs can easily be defined for general CTSs. Armed with these merits, the CTS model seems a good candidate to serve as an intermediate theoretical and practical model to factor out the upcoming developments in the TPNs and the NTA scientific communities.