bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumers‘ Bread Consumption Habits and Waste Status: Hatay/Turkey Example
Authors: Demirtaş Bekir , Kaya Aybüke , Dağıstan Erdal
Published: October 2018

In this study, it was aimed to determine the reasons for the waste of bread among consumers in Hatay province and what should be taken for the elimination of these causes. The subjects of this study were the data obtained from 406 consumers selected from the city center. The data were obtained through face to face interviews during the period of May-2017. In the questionnaire, there were questions towards determining the bread consumption habits, consumption preferences and bread waste levels along with the socio-demographic characteristics of the consumers. Cross tabulation and chi-square analysis were used in the evaluation and comparison of the data. It was determined that the amount of bread consumed per person was 278 g/day and 7% of the total family consumption of bread was wasted without any consumption. While the most consumed types of bread are traditional white bread and flatbread, bakeries and groceries are the most common places to buy bread. Consumers usually buy bread twice a day and the main considerations in the consumers‘ preference for bread purchase are that the establishments comply with hygiene requirements and that quality materials are used in the bread making process. Staling and bad taste are among the significant issues in bread wastage. Taking future trends in the sector into consideration, producers should pay attention to product quality, production according to health conditions and longer shelf life on bread; depending on consumer awareness. The producers should diversify their production of bread and other bakery products.
Information or Evidence? Abandoning Imaginary Worlds for Blockchains in Health Technology Assessment
Authors: Langley Paul
Published: October 2018

Commentaries published in INNOVATIONS in Pharmacy over the past 2 years have made the case that, as a basis for formulary decision making, the construction of imaginary modeled worlds fails to meet the standards of normal science. As such, they should be rejected as a basis for decision-making. While their proponents argue that imaginary constructs are key sources of information for formulary decisions, the fact is that the claims made from those models are impossible to validate. Indeed, they were never intended to be validated. Claims for product performance should be presented in evidentiary terms. That is, they should be credible, evaluable and replicable. If the commitment to imaginary worlds in technology assessment is to be abandoned a key requirement is for platforms that allow claims to be assessed in real time and in a timeframe that is meaningful to decision makers. Recent developments in blockchain technology offer the prospects for platforms that meet criteria for claims assessment.

 

Article Type: Commentary
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengendalian Kualitas pada Laboratorium Proses IV PT X
Authors: Yuliandra Berry , Wulan Ratri Fradinda
Published: October 2018

Effectiveness and efficiency can improve the performance of manufacturing companies. Such improvements can be achieved through the application of web-based applications. PT X is one of cement producers in Indonesia and to maintain its competitive advantage, PT X establishes several Process Laboratory responsible for its product quality control activities. One of them is Process Laboratory IV. Process Laboratory IV is still using spreadsheet based information system so that most of the activities and evaluation are still run manually. Some weaknesses are still encountered such as slow information flow rates, minimum levels of information security, and the potential for various forms of fraud. This research was conducted to design more efficient quality control information system through implementation of web based application. The information systems design created by building: (a) Business process diagrams (b) Use case diagrams, (c) Class diagrams, (d) Entity relationship diagrams, and (e) Databases, followed by web-based application design based on the results of information system design. The system design involves four actors with different authority and access levels to minimize information security issues. Through these conditions various forms of fraud can also be minimized. In addition, the system design also improves the information flow efficiency by eliminating the activity of re-input set point data. It can be concluded that the design of information systems with web-based applications have been able to help improve efficiency and minimize the weaknesses of current existing information systems in the PT X Process Laboratory IV.
Kaotik bir hareket videosunun yapay sinir ağları ile modellenmesi
Authors: ÇİMEN Murat Erhan , KAÇAR Sezgin , GÜLERYÜZ Emre , GÜREVİN Bilal , AKGÜL Akif
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada kaotik bir hareketin modellenerek tekrardan oluşturulabilmesi için yapay sinir ağları kullanılmıştır. Kaotik sinyaller, doğal ilişkiler, iletişim, şifreleme, finans, sağlık gibi birçok alanda ortaya çıkabilir. Yapay sinir ağları, bulanık model, hammerstein gibi modeller bu tip sinyalleri öngörmek ve form halinde matematiksel olarak hareketi modellemek için kullanılabilir. Bu hareket ikinci dereceden bir ters sarkacın hareketi, bilardo masasındaki topların hareketleri veya bu tip sistemlerin faz diyagramları da olabilir. Burada ise en temel olan Lorenz kaotik hareketinin faz diyagramı tercih edilmiştir. Ardışık görüntülerde izlenen nokta veya nesnenin görüntü pozisyonu görüntü işleme teknikleri ile belirlenmiştir. Bu görüntülerden elde edilen konum bilgisini kullanarak, NAR yapısı olan yapay sinir ağları geri yayılım algoritması ile eğitilmiştir. Bu NAR yapısı iki giriş ile iki çıkış olarak oluşturulmuş ve ilk katmanı 20, ikinci katmanı 10 ve üçüncü katmanı da 2 nöron içermektedir. Ardından bu yapay sinir ağları test edilerek tekrardan kaotik hareket videosu elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bazı kaotik işaretlerin, ardışıl görüntülerin veya videoların matematiksel olarak modellemek yerine yapay sinir ağları ile modellenip tekrardan üretilebilmesi sağlanmıştır.
A numerical solution for advection-diffusion equation based on a semi-Lagrangian scheme
Authors: BAHAR Ersin , O. KORKUT Sıla , CICEK Yesim , GURARSLAN Gurhan
Published: October 2018

This paper describes a numerical solution for the advection-diffusion equation.  The proposed method is based on the operator splitting method which helps to obtain accurate solutions.  That is, instead of sum, the operators are considered separately for the physical compatibility.  In the process, method of characteristics combined with cubic spline interpolation and Saulyev method are used in sub-operators, respectively.  After guaranteeing the convergence of the method the efficiency is also tested on one-dimensional advection-diffusion problem for a wide range of Courant numbers which plays a crucial role on the convergence of the solution.  The obtained results are compared with the analytical solution of the problem and other solutions which are available in the literature.  It is revealed that the proposed method produces good approach not only for small Caurant numbers but also big ones even though it is explicit method.
The Analysis of Translation Techniques of Irony and Sarcasm in Novel Entitled The Sign Of The Four
Authors: Sukmaningrum Rahmawati
Published: October 2018

This research was aimed to identify the translation techniques used in translating the irony and sarcasm utterances in novel entitled The Sign of the Four and to find out the translation quality appearing as the effects of those translation technique applications. This research was an qualitative research. Data of this research were utterances or sentences in the novel The Sign of The Four which involves two different languages both the SL (English) and the TL (Indonesian). This research focused on product since the research questions were formulated to be answered based on the written texts which contain ironic and sarcasm utterances. Purposive sampling technique was choosen in choosing the data. The object of this research were ironic and sarcasm utterances, type of translation technique, and translation quality which cover accuracy, acceptability, and readibility of translated text English to Indonesia of novel The Sign of  The Four. The research findings reveal that the type of sarcasm found in The Sign of The Four novel are illocutionary sarcasm and proportional sarcasm. The sarcasm marker of iilocutionary sarcasm is the manner violation. While proportional sarcasm is characterized by self contradiction. When considering the context of the utterance, the sarcastic utterances are expressed by the actor, in order to insult his partner. The irony found in the novel is the ironical interjection characterized by the unusual collocation. Translation used in translating the ironic and sarcasm utterances in this novel are; reduction, amplification (addition), compensation, transposition, adaptation, discursive creation, and calque. The impact of the use of translation techniques is on the quality of the translated text. Acceptance of the translation is worth 3 (acceptable). Translation accuracy varies from 1 to 3 (from accurate to inaccurate).
Hedge Expression on The Novel of ABC Murder by Agatha Christie in Two Decades Versions
Authors: Ilham Ilham , Bulkani Bulkani , Darlan Saiffullah
Published: October 2018

Everything changes, no exception with how the way to communicate, language through the times. In communication among the times, we found the phenomena which related to language barriers, i.e. the difference of cross-culture, race, ethnicity, gender, customs. Furthermore, based on the phenomenon above, it becomes very interesting to explore languages and cultures especially in hedge expression in literary text from the novel of ABC Murder written by Agatha Christie and it’s two decade of translation versions, 1976 and 2017. This study is aim to find the function and form of hedge and the translation technique among two translation versions. This study used qualitative research method with the data collection technique by using purposive sampling. Moreover, the collected data are analyzed and classified to see the translation technique used. Additionally, interpretation of the data will have discussed in this paper. Translation technique proposed by Molina & Albir used to see the technique used by translator. The results of the study show that, hedge expression gave an impact in our speech act, especially in politeness context. Moreover, the deletion or the shifting of hedge can change our utterance in cooperative principle context.
The Effectiveness of Using Selfie Photos on Improving Students’ Ability to Express the Fact: a Case of The Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1 Kragan Rembang
Authors: Azizah Nur
Published: October 2018

The objectives of the study are: 1) To find out the ability to express the fact of the students taught using selfie photos. 2) To find out the ability to express the fact of the students taught without selfie photos. 3) To find out the significant differences of the ability to express the fact between the students taught using selfie photos and those taught without selfie photos. The study uses descriptive quantitative research. The population of this research is the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Kragan Rembang. The writer takes VII I as experimental group that consists of 36 students and VII D as control group that consists of 36 students as sample. The writer found that the mean score for experimental group in pre-test is 71.44, and after this class is given a treatment by using selfie photos, the result of post-test is 81.33. The mean score for control group in pre-test is 70.22, and the post-test score is 73.89. The writer uses t-test formula to know the significant difference of the ability to express the fact between the students taught using selfie photos and those taught without using selfie photos. The t-test score is 3.455 for 5 percent (0.05) alpha level of significance. The percentage of t-table 5% is 1.99. The calculation shows that t-test is higher than t-table (3.455>1.99). It shows that there is significant difference of the ability to express the fact of the seventh grade studentsat SMP Negeri 1 Kragan Rembang those taught using selfie photos and those taught without using selfie photos. It can be concluded that selfie photos as a media in improving the ability to express the fact of the students is effective. Selfie Photos makes the students active and enjoy in learning English in the classroom. So, the writer suggests to all of the teacher in general to apply selfie photos media in teaching learning process, especially in learning English.
Curriculum 2013 in Double Major Class: the Teaching and Learning Process and the Problems
Authors: Hawa Faiza , Makmuroh Umniyyatul
Published: October 2018

Indonesia has changed its curriculum for several times. The recent curriculum implemented is curriculum 2013 in which one of the purposes is to prepare productive ages to face ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). In curriculum 2013, one of the programs implemented by government for English subject is double major class. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the realization of  English teaching and learning process based on curriculum of 2013 double major class and find out the problems faced by students and teacher during the teaching and learning process. This study used descriptive qualitative design to answer the problems of the study. This study was conducted by using observation, interview and document as the instrument. The data of this study were taken from the observation, questionnaire and interview. The results of this stuudy show that; (1) the teacher only did observing, associating, and communicating steps in teaching English in double major class, (2) the problems faced by the students were on doing observing activity (66.7%), exploring activity (56.6%), associating (36.2%), and communicating (56.5%), while the problems faced by the teacher were there was no student asking on questioning step and limited time to look for information more in exploring step. From these findings the writers suggested the teacher to teach English in double major class based on curriculum 2013, to not dominate the class, to motivate students to be active in the class, and to give explanation to the students about the concept of curriculum 2013 and its implementation
МОДЕЛЬ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ОПЕРАТОРА АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОВІТРЯНИМ РУХОМ
Authors: Pavlenko M. , Shylo S. , Dmitriyev O.
Published: October 2018

В роботі представлено підходи до розробки моделі функціональної діяльності оператора автоматизованої системи управління повітряним рухом (АС УПР). Модель враховує обов’язкові етапи та дії операторів по оцінці обстановки, що складається в зоні відповідальності. Запропоновано граф схему для опису подій, дій та переходів в процесі функціональної діяльності. Наведено аналітичні вирази, які пояснюють порядок отримання кількісних характеристик окремих складових моделі. Отримано площинну ієрархічну модель діяльності оператора АС УПР. Запропонована модель дозволяє більш точно визначити структуру діяльності оператора, виділити основні матеріальні та нематеріальні сторони діяльності оператора. При цьому основні однотипні дії оператора виділяються в рамках єдиної площини і можуть бути піддані вивченню самостійно та відособлено і при подальшому уточненні характеристик діяльності знову можуть включатися в розроблювану модель. Наведена модель дозволяє реалізувати переваги методу поетапного моделювання як до всієї моделі в цілому, так і щодо кожної площини окремо. Це має в підсумку дозволити підвищити точність і адекватність побудови моделі діяльності оператора..
СИНТЕЗ КОГЕРЕНТНЫХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННЫМИ МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫМИ СИСТЕМАМИ В ЗОНЕ ФРАУНГОФЕРА
Authors: Volosyuk V. , Zhyla S. , Pomazan A.
Published: October 2018

Раскрыты основные этапы обработки электромагнитного поля в многоканальных оптических и радиотехнических системах формирования первичных когерентных изображений поверхностей в зоне Фраунгофера. Исследована точность восстановления первичных когерентных изображений и предложены варианты повышения разрешающей способности в пространственно-распределенных и многоканальных системах с синтезированной апертурой. Рассмотрены несколько вариантов вторичной обработки первичных когерентных изображений при веерном, последовательном и телескопическом обзорах подстилающей поверхности. Показано, что в дальней зоне Фраунгофера удается выполнить синтез апертуры и повысить разрешающую способность только в случае телескопического обзора.
ПЛАЗМЕННАЯ АНТЕННА НА ОСНОВЕ СТРАТИФИЦИРОВАННОГО ПЛАЗМЕННОГО СТОЛБА
Authors: Kirichenko Yu. , Karlov V. , Kirichenko I. , Artemenko A.
Published: October 2018

Предмет изучения в статье является излучение плазменной антенны, в которой продольная неоднородность представляет собой страты, то есть зоны повышенной и пониженной плотности плазмы. Цель: вычисление диаграмм направленности и коэффициентов трансформации энергии поверхностной волны плазменного цилиндра в энергию излучения. Задание: анализ зависимости диаграмм направленности и коэффициентов трансформации энергии поверхностной волны от геометрических параметров антенны (радиусов плазменного цилиндра и диэлектрической оболочки), плотности плазмы, частоты излучения, диэлектрической проницаемости и др. Методы: спектральный метод, метод перевала для вычисления асимптотик интегралов, метод последовательных приближений для решения системы интегро -дифференциальных уравнений. Получены следующие результаты: показано, что при небольшом количестве страт плазменная антенна излучает под малыми углами к оси антенны. Вычислены диаграммы направленности для практически важных параметров антенны. Получены зависимости коэффициента трансформации энергии в излучение от глубины модуляции стационарных страт и страт, амплитуды которых изменяются. Выводы: проведенные в статье исследования показали, что стратифицированный плазменный столб может быть применен в качестве антенны. Максимум главного лепестка диаграммы направленности, которая имеет небольшую ширину на пол высот, и расположенный под малыми углами к оси антенны. Приведенные примеры показывают, что коэффициент превращения энергии в излучение достигает 10 – 30 %.
РОЗРОБКА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПЕРЕДТЕСТОВОЇ КОМПІЛЯЦІЇ ТА РОЗПОДІЛУ ДОСТУПУ
Authors: Kovalenko O.
Published: October 2018

В даній роботі розроблено інформаційну технологію передтестової компіляції та розподілу доступу в якості практичного застосування в області комп’ютерної інженерії та розробки програмних додатків. В рамках розроблюваного методу розподілу доступу при оптимізації з урахуванням передкомпіляційного профілю програми проводиться необхідний збір даних, що формуються в множині профілів користувачів. Для підвищення точності урахування профілів користувача, специфіки його діяльності та характеристик комп’ютерної системи пропонується розбиття процесу компіляції на дві фази: фаза синтезу програмного забезпечення з урахуванням можливостей сучасних компіляторів; фаза адаптації та розподілу доступу до програмного забезпечення з урахуванням профілів програми і користувача. Такий поділ передтестової компіляції на дві фази дозволить вирішити наступні задачі: розподіл доступу користувачів з урахуванням можливостей персоналізації відповідних профілів; врахування внутрішніх характеристик комп’ютерної системи користувачів (архітектури, планувальника команд, та ін.); врахування можливостей розподілу доступу при збірці та підтримці програмного забезпечення. Для вирішення задач динамічної машинно-незалежної оптимізації доцільно скористатися відомою технологією компіляції LLVM. У запропонованій інформаційній технології передтестової компіляції та розподілу доступу в першій фазі виконується процедура машинно-незалежної компіляції з використанням LLVM. Результат першої фази зберігається у файл LLVM і додатково генеруються дані про архітектуру програмного засобу та алгоритм можливої інсталяції. Виконання другої фази можливо з використанням програмних засобів віртуального моделювання (віртуальних машин), а також безпосередньо на комп’ютерних системах користувачів з урахуванням особливості їх профілів і характеристик обчислювальних засобів. Таким чином, розроблено метод передтестової компіляції та розподілу доступу, що відрізняється від відомих врахуванням профілів користувача при синтезі додатку, а також використанням ресурсів «хмарних сховищ» в процесі отримання інсталяційних версій. Це дозволить підвищити рівень безпеки розроблюваних додатків.
РОЗРОБКА СКРИПТОВОЇ МОВИ ЗАПИСУ ПРАВИЛ В ЕКСПЕРТНІЙ СИСТЕМІ НА ОСНОВІ НЕЧІТКОЇ ЛОГІКИ
Authors: Khokh V. D.
Published: October 2018

Предметом вивчення у статті є процес розробки експертних систем із використанням апарату нечіткої логіки та продукційною базою знань. Метою є розробка скриптової мови для запису правил у базу знань експертної системи, що використовує апарат нечіткої логіки. Cкриптова мова, повинна реалізувати мінімальні можливості для опису правил, а саме: опис змінних; запис та обробка логічних виразів; визначення просторів імен, – що дозволило би більш точно описати певну ситуацію; надати більш гнучкі засоби опису; виконувати логічні операції між різними типами даних; компенсувати неоднозначність висновків експертів, зважаючи на можливу недостовірність даних. Завдання: дослідити існуючі, поширені скриптові мови, що використовуються для запису правил у базі знань експертної системи, здійснити аналіз існуючих методів їх застосування; розробити власну мову опису правил – мову логічного програмування, інтерпретовану, інтегровану в механізми роботи експертної системи, однак таку, яку можливо виділити в самостійну. Отримані такі результати: Розроблено скриптову мову для запису правил у базу знань експертної системи, що використовує апарат нечіткої логіки. Cкриптова мова реалізує мінімальні можливості для опису правил: опис змінних; запис та обробка логічних виразів; визначення просторів імен, що дозволяє: більш точно описати певну ситуацію; надати більш гнучкі засоби опису; виконувати логічні операції між різними типами даних; компенсувати неоднозначність висновків експертів, зважаючи на можливу недостовірність даних. Визначено напрямки подальших досліджень та роботи по вдосконаленню та розширенню області застосування розробленої скриптової мови. Висновки. Розроблено скриптову мову для запису правил у базу знань експертної системи, що використовує апарат нечіткої логіки. На даний момент розроблена скриптова мова реалізує мінімальні можливості для опису правил: опис змінних; запис та обробка логічних виразів; визначення просторів імен. Це дозволяє: більш точно описати певну ситуацію; надати більш гнучкі засоби опису; виконувати логічні операції між різними типами даних; компенсувати неоднозначність висновків експертів, зважаючи на можливу недостовірність даних. Планується реалізувати підтримку конструкцій, що дозволить використовувати скриптову мову окремо від експертної системи.
МЕТОДИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЙ АЕРОІОНІВ У ПРИМІЩЕННЯХ ТА МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЇХ ЗМІН
Authors: Glyva V. , Levchenko L. , Tykhenko O.
Published: October 2018

На основі аналізу рівняння неперервності потоку повітря при наявності джерела його іонізації розглянуто можливі закономірності розповсюдження аероіонів у приміщенні. Надано розв’язок рівняння за наявності спрямованого руху повітря. Показано, що процеси дифузії мало впливають на розповсюдження аероіонів. Проведено моделювання поширення аероіонів при неперервному функціонуванні джерела іонізації повітря за різних його продуктивностей. Розраховано параметри для визначення динаміки аероіонів – середні довжини вільного пробігу та час життя. Визначено час життя аероіонів при їх різних концентраціях. Розраховано середню генерацію аероіонів у залежності від рівнів природної радіоактивності у приміщенні. Надано рекомендації щодо використання результатів у практичній діяльності.
Corrector atmosférico en imágenes Landsat.
Authors: Paz Pellat Fernando , Palacios Sánchez Luis Alberto , Oropeza Mota José Luis , Figueroa Sandoval Benjamín , Martínez Menez Mario , Ortiz Solorio Carlos A. , Exebio García Adolfo
Published: October 2018

Los efectos atmosféricos en las imágenes satelitales distorsionan la información disponible y originan errores en la estimación de las variables biofísicas provenientes de los datos espectrales. En este trabajo se desarrolló un algoritmo de corrección atmosférica que se basó en la correlación existente entre la reflectancia de la banda 7 (infrarrojo medio, 2.2 μm) y la banda 1 (Azul, 0.485 μm) de la vegetación, para los sensores TM y ETM+. La ordenada al origen de la regresión entre la banda 7 y la banda 1 de imágenes Landsat es un estimador de la reflectancia de trayectoria en la banda 1. Con esta reflectancia de trayectoria y un modelo de atmósfera y aerosol def inido, es posible estimar el espesor óptico de los aerosoles centrado en 0.55 μm. El algoritmo se apoyó en el acoplamiento de varios modelos de simulación y bibliotecas de datos espectrales para la representación del sistema óptico suelo–vegetación–atmósfera. La vegetación en una imagen se identif ica mediante un clasif icador genérico de objetos en cuatro variantes: oscura densa, cobertura alta, media y baja. El algoritmo se probó en dos fases, la primera se basó en un análisis empírico sobre los resultados de la simulación del sistema óptico suelo–vegetación–atmósfera, en el que se tenían condiciones controladas. En la segunda fase se validó el algoritmo con 7 imágenes ETM+ cuyas escenas contenían un sitio de la red robótica de aerosoles (AERONET), la cual mide con gran precisión el espesor óptico de los aerosoles en diferentes intervalos de longitud de onda. El análisis de los resultados mostró que el corrector estima el espesor óptico de la escena con un ajuste: R2 = 0.97, error típico de 0.059 (20.3%) y que representa bien la variabilidad espacial de carga de aerosoles en imágenes Landsat.
Rendimiento de chile jalapeño con lixiviado de lombriz con dos métodos de riego.
Authors: Maraña Santacruz Joose Ángel , Castellanos Pérez Edmundo , Vázquez Vázquez Cirilo , Martínez Ríos Juan José , Trejo Escareño Héctor Idilio , Gallegos Robles Miguel Ángel , Orona Castillo Ignacio
Published: October 2018

El uso de lixiviado de lombriz para nutrir las plantas y el uso ef iciente del agua en los cultivos es importante en la producción de alimentos. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la respuesta de dos dosis de lixiviado de lombriz con dos métodos de riego en el rendimiento del chile jalapeño (Capsicum annuum) y algunas características químicas del suelo. El experimento se llevó acabo en la Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia de la Universidad Juárez de Durango (UJED), México en el año 2013 y 2014. Las unidades experimentales fueron distribuidas al azar con cuatro repeticiones bajo un diseño de parcelas divididas, donde la parcela principal fue el  método de riego, por goteo al 60% de la evaporación (EV) y superf icial por surcos al 80% de EV, la subparcela fue la fertilización de 2400 y 4800 L ha-1 de lixiviado de lombriz. Se encontró un rendimiento de fruto mayor con riego por goteo en ambos años de estudio (P < 0.05). La lámina de agua aplicada en riego por goteo, al 60% de EV, fue de 60 cm en 2013 y 51 cm en 2014; en riego superf icial, al 80% de EV, 78 cm en 2013 y 63 cm en 2014. El efecto de la fertilización en el rendimiento de fruto fue solo en el año 2014 con mayor producción con la aplicación de 4800 L ha-1 (P < 0.05). La materia orgánica en 2013 fue menor en el tratamiento de 4800 L ha-1 en 0-30 cm del suelo con 1.69 y 2% con 2400 L ha-1 y 1.84% en el tratamiento de fertilizante químico. A la profundidad de 30-60 cm en el año 2014 presento diferencia signif icativa en riego por goteo con 1.54% contra 1.71% del riego superf icial (P < 0.05); el pH y conductividad eléctrica (CE) también en la misma profundidad y mismo año investigado presentaron diferencia signif icativa siendo más altos en riego por goteo (P < 0.05). El lixiviado de lombriz con riego por goteo redujo la evaporación ahorrando 15.22% de agua y la mayor frecuencia de riegos en el área radicular de la planta, generó un mayor rendimiento.
Dindarlık ile Ego Sağlamlığı ve Empati Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi
Authors: KORKMAZ Sezai
Published: October 2018

Dindarlık değişkeni insanın hayatında birçok
açıdan etkisini göstermektedir. Yapılan çeşitli araştırmalarda dindarlık
değişkeni farklı değişkenlerle etkileşimi ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise
dindarlık, ego sağlamlığı ve empati ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı ego sağlamlığı, empatik ilgi ve dindarlık arasındaki ilişkiyi
araştırmaktır. Bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi ölçebilmek adına 702 kişiye
anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları, tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile
seçilmiştir. Anketler internet ortamında yapılmıştır. Verileri toplamak için Block
ve Kremen tarafından geliştirilen Ego Sağlamlık Ölçeği (1996), Davis tarafından
geliştirilen Kişilerarası Tepkisellik Ölçeğinin, Empatik İlgi boyutu (1980) ve
Zwingmann ve diğerleri tarafından geliştirilen Müncher Motivasyonel Dindarlık
Envanteri (2004) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada model olarak değişkenler
arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan tarama modellerinden olan ilişkisel tarama modeli
kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmada metot olarak dokümantasyon ve tarama (survey) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma
verilerinin analizi SPSS-18 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ayrıca aracı
değişken etkisinin analizini yapmak için Hayes’in (2013) SPSS için geliştirdiği
Process Makro eklentisi kullanılmıştır.  Process
Makro’da, aracı değişken bootstrap model 4 analizi esas alınmıştır. Çalışmanın t-test
bulgularına göre cinsiyete göre dindarlık konusunda gruplar arasında anlamlı
derecede farklılıklar görülmemektedir. ANOVA testi bulgularına göre ise eğitim
düzeyine göre dindarlık konusunda gruplar arasında anlamlı derecede
farklılıklar tespit edilememiştir. Korelasyon ilişkilerine bakıldığında
dindarlık ile ego sağlamlığı ve empati arasında anlamlı düzeyde pozitif yönde
ilişki bulunmaktadır. Regresyon ilişkisine göre dindarlık hem ego sağlamlık
değişkenini hem de empati değişkenini yordamaktadır. Aracı değişken etkisine
bakıldığında, ego sağlamlık değişkeni aracı değişken olarak dindarlık ile
empati arasındaki ilişkiye etki etmektedir.
Effects of Site-Dependent Errors on the Accuracy of C/A Code DGPS Positioning
Authors: Dammalage Thilantha Lakmal
Published: October 2018

Several differential GPS processing techniques can be used; for instance, single differencing and double differencing, which are popular in practice. Irrespective of the DGPS processing technique used, the ultimate accuracy of the user-location depends on the existence of non-common or site-dependent errors, which occur at the points of observation and the reference. Of these, the most common and dominant site-dependent error is the multipath. Therefore, this research evaluates the effects of site-dependent errors on C/A code differential GPS correction accuracies by providing special emphasis on the multipath error. For the analyses, four segments of about 24-hour continuous static C/A code based DGPS observations were conducted at three precisely known ground stations and four different multipath environments were introduced by placing three different types of artificial signal reflectors at one of the observation stations. By using the known GPS receiver-reflector configuration, pseudo-range multipath was precisely calculated for each observation segment. C/A code DGPS positioning accuracies before and after multipath mitigation were presented by evaluating the effect of the most dominant site-dependent error, i.e., multipath, on C/A code DGPS correction accuracies.
Mitigation Measures for Significant Factors Instigating Cost Overrun in Highway Projects
Authors: Sohu Samiullah , Bin Abdullah Abd Halid , Memon Bashir Ahmed , Nagapan Sasitharan , Bhatti Nadeem Ul Kareem
Published: October 2018

Construction industry has created numerous employment opportunities and playing a role model in economic growth of Pakistan. This industry is facing serious and critical problem of cost overrun especially in highway sector in country Pakistan particularly in Sindh Province. The purpose of this study is to identify mitigation measures for significant factors of cost overrun in highway projects of Sindh Province. In this study, mixed-mode research approach has been used. Quantitatively, a structured questionnaire based on 64 common factors of cost overrun from in-depth literature review was developed and distributed to30 selected respondents among the client, contractor and consultant having more than 15 years of experience in handling highway projects in Sindh Province. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS where 8 most significant factors of cost overrun were identified. Qualitatively, the identified eight most significant factors were then incorporated in open ended questionnaire and distributed to 30 selected experts for them to write possible mitigation measures for each of the significant factors. The data was then analyzed through content analysis technique to rank the mitigation measures according to their substantiality. The results of this study would be helpful for construction practitioners to be used as reference in taking up appropriate measures in controlling cost overrun in highways projects in Pakistan.
Developing Water Quality Index to Assess the Quality of the Drinking Water
Authors: Mohammed Shahad Esmaeel , Adel Abdulrazzaq Khalid
Published: October 2018

In the present study, an attempt has been to develop a new water quality index (WQI) method that depends on the Iraqi specifications for drinking water (IQS 417, 2009)  to assess the validity of the Euphrates River for drinking by classifying the quality of the river water at different stations along its entire reach inside the Iraqi lands. The proposed classifications by this method are: Excellent, Good, Acceptable, Poor, and Very poor. Eight water quality parameters have been selected to represent the quality of the river water these are: Ion Hydrogen Concentration (pH), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Chloride (Cl), Sulphate (SO_4), Nitrate (NO_3), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The variation of the water quality parameters along the river have been represented by graphs using Excel.2013 software. The results revealed that the quality of the Euphrates River ranges from “Good” to “Poor”, it enters the Iraqi borders with “Good” water quality and gradually its quality begins to decrease after it receives pollution from many sources such as domestic sewage and different industrial effluents until its quality becomes “Poor” according to the proposed classification. Finally the proposed WQI can be used as a tool to assess the quality of the river with both place and time.
MICROSTRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS ON FATIGUE CRACKS
Authors: BIŢ CORNEL SANDI , BOLFA TRAIAN
Published: October 2018

The paper is concentrated on some micro-structural issues concerning the intimate behaviour of materials subjected to fatigue cycles. A manganese compounds diffusion process has been revealed. This diffusion process, as a consequence of the intimate behaviour an aluminium alloy subjected to fatigue, has been then analysed using a physical model for which the local temperatures have an essential role.
ASSEESSMENT OF CORECT BODY POSTURE FOR THE ERGONOMIC DESIGN IN INDUSTRIAL SETTINGS
Authors: LAZAR POPOVICI ELENA , PRAISLER MIRELA , MUSAT MARIA MATHLEN
Published: October 2018

The inclusion of disabled young people in the economic and social life is a transversal objective in all the policies and programmes of the European Community. One way to overcome their handicap is to correct or diminish the physical deficiencies that prevent them from being hired in industrial settings. In most of the cases, mild physical disabilities are easily correctable in terms of regular school activities, if discovered before the modification of the tissue structure. This study presents an exploratory analysis that might help to design the ergonomics of the working areas in which disabled young people could be involved.
GENERATION OF 3D SHAPES WITH SUPERELLIPSOIDS, SUPERTOROIDS, SUPER CYLINDERS AND SUPER CONES
Authors: ŢĂLU D.L. ŞTEFAN
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this paper is to present a CAD study for generating of 3D shapes with superellipsoids, supertoroids, super cylinders and super cones based on computational geometry. To obtain the relevant geometric information concerning the shape and profile for different 3D objects the Madsie Freestyle 1.5.3 application was used. Results from this study are applied in geometric constructions and computer aided design used in engineering and sculpture design.
DETERMINING THE SAMPLE SIZE REQUIRED FOR THE MATERIALS QUALITY ANALYSIS IN FORM OF SHEET USING IMAGE ANALYSIS
Authors: ABABEI STEFAN , ABABEI OANA
Published: October 2018

Abstract. On-line control of great dimensions sheet form products, e.g. paper sheet, involves the existence of some sensors which are moved across the sheet. Consequently, some parameters, e.g. impurities amount on surface unit, must be measured off line with a representative sample; the dimensions of the sample are surfaces impurities amount functions. This paper presents a preliminary analysis method of surface impurities amount in the purpose of determining the sample dimensions.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRESSES AND STRAINS THAT OCCUR IN STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS MADE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS CONSIDERING THE MODEL WITH AND WITHOUT LAYERS
Authors: TOCU FLORENTINA , MOCANU COSTEL IULIAN
Published: October 2018

Fibreglass-reinforced polyester (GRP) is the most widely used composite material in the ship building industry and requires careful study in point of mechanical characteristics. This article presents the collective experience related to behaviour in different situations of GRP loading. We considered three cases manufacturing for GRP: layers with mechanical characteristics for each layer, composite (the material is considered isotropic but with layers and same mechanical properties for all layers), and isotropic plates.
THE BEHAVIOR UNDER LOAD OF THE PORTAL GANTRY CRANES, REFERING TO STRENGTH, STIFFNESS AND STABILITY PART I – THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: RADU GHEORGHE N. , COMĂNESCU IOANA , POPESCU MARIAN
Published: October 2018

The paper’s subject is highly topical, is very interesting from scientific point of view but also very complex. The authors propose to study the elastic structures of the cranes on basis of the similarity criteria, for this purpose the two basis criteria are shortly presented: Hooke and Cauchy. One underlines that the gantry and the half gantry cranes work outside, being subjected to actions as time changing loads; under these circumstances one needs a special check of the crane’s stability. The basic study is that one based on the analysis with finite elements, using ABAQUS software – an advanced software with highly efficient possibilities of modeling. By graphical post processing are presented the equivalent fields of stresses von Mises and of deformations.
ON A METHOD OF ASSESSMENT OF THE THERMAL TRANSFER BY CONDUCTION IN LAMINATED COMPOSITE
Authors: IATAN RADU I. , ENĂCHESCU GEORGIANA LUMINIŢA , IAŞNICU (STAMATE) IULIANA , POPA CARMEN T.
Published: October 2018

The paper explain the thermal conductivity expressions, in stationary regime, in plane, tubular and spherical, laminated composite structures, with intimate connections between layers, having defects, too. We take into account the volumes of the composite components, on the one hand, and those of the materials and fluids, contained in the defects area, on the other hand. In the corresponding relations the influences of some additional layers, representing protections or deposits during operation, are attached.
ASSESSMENT OF AKURE ROAD NETWORK: A SHORTEST PATH APPROACH
Authors: OLUWAJANA SEUN , ADERINLEWO OLUFIKAYO , OWOLABI ADEBAYO , CROOPE SILVANA
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the road network of Akure (a city in south western Nigeria) was studied based on its shortest path properties. Three sections, each measuring 1 square mile, were sampled from the entire road network and developed into graphs using both a primal approach and graph theory in which the intersections and streets were represented as nodes and edges respectively. These graphs were assessed for the edge lengths and shortest paths between nodes from which their edge length distributions, average path lengths and efficiencies were also obtained. It was concluded that the city of Akure is self-organized with small world properties since the network case studies showed small path lengths.
OPTIMIZATION OF SINGLE STAGE CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR DRIVEN BY A TURBINE WITH ANTI-SURGE
Authors: BAGALI SHRIDHAR SHRIMANT , MURAL PRASANNA KUMAR SABANNA , GOWRISHANKAR BYCHAPUR SIDDAIAH
Published: October 2018

The response surface methodology was employed to make mathematical modeling and optimization of the temperature and pressure for centrifugal compressor. ProSimulator software was used for simulation of process parameter mainly temperature (x) and pressure (y). We considered a polynomial regression model equation between independent variable (x) and dependent variable (y). The simulation parameter revealed that the modeled values were in good agreement with simulated ones.
ANALYSIS OF NON-UNIFORM BEAM UNDER BENDING DUE TO INERTIA IMPACT LOADING
Authors: KHORSHIDI MAJID AKBARZADEH , SOLTANI DELARA
Published: October 2018

This paper evaluates the impact caused by inertia force of beam with non-uniform mass distribution. The impact is made by non-uniform beam falling on supports. Then, stresses of this model are analysed and optimized by using position of the supporting forces, mass distribution and convenient geometry. Results of this study, present the solutions for better design of the beam and having the highest resistance for it, and also have some suggestions for better geometry until the beam get stronger. In this paper, useful relations between bending stress on the beam due to inertia shock, mass distribution and position of supporting forces are demonstrated. The study reveals some interesting findings related to the best bar configuration in terms of geometrical design, design of supports location, mass distribution and use of multi-material components. The studied problem takes place in many of the mechanical systems such as exhaust and suspension systems and etc.
MATEMATICAL MODELING OF THE MICROCLIMATE IN BUILDINGS WITH GREEN ROOFS
Authors: EVSTAVIEV BORIS , GABROVSKA KATERINA
Published: October 2018

In the present study, the basic energy flows, forming the microclimate of buildings with green roofs were been presented. Based on the finite differences method, a mathematical model has been developed, describing the building energy exchange processes. For this purpose each element of the building (walls, floor, roof) has been divided into multiple bordering layers and the temperature curve of each one of them was estimated using the heat fluxes entering from the bordering layers. The indoor air temperature was then estimated using the building element’s internal surface. The model’s algorithm is presented in a block-scheme, describing the sequence of evaluations. The developed model allows the microclimate inside buildings with green roofs to be modeled and simulated for different climate zones and insulation parameters.
ALGORITHM COMPUTING APPROACH OF GENERALIZED REGRESSION NEURAL NETWORK FOR PREDICTING SHELF LIFE OF PROCESSED CHEESE
Authors: GOYAL SUMIT , GOYAL GYANENDRA  KUMAR
Published: October 2018

The aim of this research is to develop Generalized Regression Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for predicting shelf life of processed cheese. Processed cheese is protein rich food, and is a comparable supplement to meat protein. Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, Coefficient of Determination and Nash - Sutcliffe Coefficient were used in order to compare the prediction ability of the developed models. The modeling results showed that there was exceptional agreement between the experimental data and the predicted values. The model might be an alternative method to control the expiration date of processed cheese.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF CRASHING BEHAVIOR CONCERNING RECTANGULAR MULTI-LAYERED THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
Authors: CIUBOTARIU VLAD ANDREI
Published: October 2018

Tubular thin-walled structures with different shapes of the cross-sections are widely used in various transportation systems as energy absorbing components to dissipate the kinetic energy during violent collisions and crashes. The aims of this paper are to obtain numerical data on the crashing of thin-walled structures made by multiple layers of steel sheets. A series of finite element calculations was carried out on four different models crashed axially in dynamic conditions by using LS_Dyna V971. The effect of the generated fold depth on the peak load and the mean crashing load of these types of structures were also examined. 
EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNAL OPERATION CLEARANCE OF THE FAULTY ROLLING BEARINGS UPON THEIR REMAINING LIFETIME
Authors: NADABAICA DUMITRU-CRISTINEL , NEDEFF VALENTIN , BIBIRE LUMINITA , BÂRSAN NARCIS
Published: October 2018

In the calculation of the rolling bearings lifetime are taking in to consideration the distribution of the work load on each rolling elements, obliquity, internal operation clearance and pre-stressing. In the case of a rolling bearing with a defect, the internal operation clearance have an influence upon the evolution of its deterioration and remaining lifetime by: internal manufacturing clearance; the expansion of the inner ring when the rolling bearing is mounted on a adapter sleeve; the contraction of the outer ring when the rolling bearing is mounted in the housing; and the temperature difference between rolling bearing rings during operation. This paper presents an experimental study regarding to the influence of the internal operation clearance of the ZKL 1205K rolling bearing upon the remaining lifetime in same operating conditions. 
RISK MANAGEMENT PLANNING WITHIN ROMANIAN COMPANIES
Authors: CEOCEA COSTEL , BIBIRE LUMINITA , GHENADI ADRIAN STELIAN
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a study that used a quantitative research methodology, approach. The main research method at which it was appealed was based on a questionnaire survey, but there were interviews, observations and study of companies’ documents. Questionnaires were simultaneously distributed to managers from 101 enterprises inRomania, covering companies throughout the country, in all major areas of activity in order to meet the criterion of representativeness.

Following an analysis of the responses received, the authors have highlighted conclusions on risk management planning in the Romanian companies.
INTRODUCING A METHOD OF URBAN SOIL RISK EVALUATION – A CASE STUDY ON URBAN RECREATIONAL AREAS IN CLUJ NAPOCA
Authors: GAGIU ANDRA CRISTINA , PICA ELENA MARIA , TANASELIA CLAUDIU , URSU MONICA
Published: October 2018

Assessing risks related to urban soil contamination represents a key part of pollution management. The current research proposes a quantitative method that defines and highlights unacceptable risks. The applicability of the method is presented in a case study on several urban recreational areas from the city of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Concentrations of As, Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Hg, Co, Ni and Mg were identified in a number of 48 soil samples from 12 intensively used recreational areas in Cluj-Napoca. The proposed risk assessment method is applied, and potential risks are calculated for all locations.
CALCULATION OF LOCAL STRESS STATE FOR SHELLS INTERSECTION
Authors: CHELU ANGELA
Published: October 2018

This paper presents current calculation methods in order to determine the state of stress in the nozzle – shell junction section, their peculiarities, and limitations. These can be applied only to the linear-elastic behavior of the materials components. In the case of nonlinear behavior, beyond the yield stress limit, there is proposed a calculation method based on the concept of specific energy participation.