bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tribology Behavior of HVAF and HVOF Sprayed WC-CoCr Coatings on Light Alloys
Authors: Owoseni Tunji , Gupta Mohit , Mare Ingmar , Varis Tommi
Published: August 2024

Light alloys are being investigated as an alternative to ferrous-based engineering components. The manufacturing of such components requires a surface modification step necessary to eliminate the top surface's poor wear and corrosion response for improved functionality. Thermally sprayed cermet coatings offer improved surface resistance to wear and/or corrosion. This work presents a customized composition of WC-CoCr feedstock cut in fine and coarse powder size distribution (PSD) to fabricate different coatings on aluminium alloy and steel substrates using two high velocity spray techniques. The WC-CoCr coatings sprayed using the high velocity air-fuel (HVAF) technique at varied parameters consist of six different coatings (four thick, ~ 200 μm and two thin ones, 60-80 μm) to investigate the relationship between processing conditions, microstructure, and performance. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electro-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) offered a comprehensive characterization of the respective coatings. Micro indentation, dry sliding wear, dry sand abrasion, and cavitation erosion tests conducted on the samples show the performance of the coatings based on the processing techniques and spray conditions. However, despite the similarities in the microstructural makeup of the coatings and the measured micro indentation hardness of the coatings (1000-1300 HV0.1), their respective specific wear rate (SWR) varied based on spray processing techniques and the substrate on which the coatings were deposited. Three of the HVAF coatings showed ~ 60 % more wear on the aluminium alloy substrate compared to the same coating deposited on a steel substrate. However, irrespective of the substrate used the HVAF coatings showed better wear resistance than the HVOF coating. The dry sand abrasion wear results of the two thick HVAF coatings show them superior to the HVOF coating in the three-body wear experiment conducted. The cavitation erosion resistance of the coatings varied based on the processing conditions and the driving mechanisms but the best two were the AF-2 and AF-6 samples.
Optimization of the Ni-Coating Geometry and Microstructure of Large Surfaces by Laser Cladding on Cast-Iron Molds Used in Glass Industry
Authors: Bourahima F. , Lauridant T. , Guasch C. , Baudin Thierry , Helbert Anne-Laure
Published: August 2024

In glass mold industry, a surface treatment by laser cladding of a Ni based powder on cast iron is performed with a 4-kW continuous diode laser. For this, a robot programming method named "Wavering" was used. This method allows to cover large surfaces (higher than 5 mm). The cast iron substrate used during this work is employed for its heat exchange properties in glass mold Industry. However, it has drawbacks which are weak wear, corrosion, and abrasion resistance. Conventional techniques used to protect the molds, like Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA), affect the molds microstructure, but also the thermal and mechanical properties. The laser cladding of the Ni based alloy allows to protect the molds without affecting the cast iron thermal properties (and reduce the Heat Affected Zone length). The purpose of this research is to produce a well bonded Ni based melted powder without pores or cracks on large and curvilinear surfaces with the wanted geometry. The impact of the process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and frequency on the coating geometry was investigated with an experimental design technique using the ANOVA (Analysis of variance) method. It was used to determine and represent the influence of each process parameter on the coating geometry (width, height, and circularity). This ANOVA analysis led to a parameter combination to optimize the Ni coating and the cast iron substrate quality by considering the industrial geometrical constraints. The bonding quality and the cracking behavior are also investigated on optimized parameters. Finally, it appears that laser cladding process leads to a better coating on curvilinear surfaces than other process like PTA.
High-Speed Laser Melt Injection for Reinforcing Skin-Pass Rolls
Authors: Warneke P. , Bohlen A. , Seefeld T.
Published: August 2024

With laser melt injection, metal matrix composite (MMC) layers can be generated on various tools. By using spherical fused tungsten carbide (SFTC) particles as reinforcing material, extremely wear-resistant MMC layers can be produced. However, due to low process speeds, the number of applications for laser melt injection was strongly limited until now. Therefore, a high-speed process for laser melt injection (HSLMI) was developed allowing process speeds up to 100 m/min and an efficient production of tools such as skin-pass rolls, accordingly. Skin-pass rolls are used for setting the final sheet thickness and surface texture. In this paper, new textures for skin-pass rolls generated by HSLMI are presented and characterized. Furthermore, it is studied how the texture of the roll is transferred to the sheet metal. For generating an increased high-low structure, laser ablation was carried out after HSLMI and grinding of the rolls. An analysis of the topography showed that different height differences between SFTC particles and matrix can be set. Furthermore, it was found that all textures were transferred from the roll to the sheet metal.
What factors influence employee loyalty? A meta-analysis using VOSviewer
Authors: Rudi Rudi , Qamari Ika Nurul , Udin Udin
Published: August 2024

Academic research on employee loyalty, which is a crucial aspect of organizational success in today's competitive business era, is gaining increasing attention in the human resource management literature. Therefore, this study aims to map out concepts to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of trends related to employee loyalty through a bibliometric approach. The Scopus database was utilized to analyze and categorize all English-language literature published during the period from 2017 to 2023. VOSviewer software is also employed for graphical mapping of the scholarly landscape. Out of 263 documents retrieved from the Scopus database related to employee loyalty, 148 documents were selected for bibliometric analysis to comprehensively assess the current state and anticipate future trends. The analysis results indicate an increase in the number of publications on employee loyalty from 2017 to 2023. The selected articles cover various topics, including factors influencing employee loyalty, measurement of loyalty, human resource management strategies to enhance employee loyalty, and the impact of employee loyalty on organizational performance. The results indicate a significant increase in the literature, demonstrating that employee loyalty has a substantial impact on organizational sustainability and cohesion among its members. The practical implications of these findings can assist organizations in designing more effective human resource management strategies to retain and enhance employee loyalty, which, in turn, can contribute to the long-term success of the organization.
Opportunities for the development of tourism education in Indonesia: A bibliometrics analysis
Authors: Suud Fitriah M. , Hapsari Twediana Budi , Kibtiyah Mariah , Rouzi Kana Safrina , Mahmud Salami , Huda Eva Nurul , Harinawati
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze journal publications on tourist education in Indonesia over a 10-year period and suggest new avenues for future research. The study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 241 articles found in the Scopus database from 2003 to 2023. Bibliometric procedures were used to assess research performance and global influence, while Biblioshiny-R and VOSviewer were used to illustrate general research patterns in tourism education. Indonesia emerged as the leading country in terms of publications on tourist education, with Australia and Malaysia ranking second and third, respectively. The year 2021 had the highest number of publications on tourism education. The findings also indicate that tourism education receives relatively less emphasis compared to other tourist themes, such as sustainable tourism, agrotourism, and ecotourism. Therefore, future studies should prioritize the topic of tourist education in Indonesia. Based on the current research findings, all writers affiliated with the top nine institutions are still located on the island of Java. The three primary universities are Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Universitas Gadjah Mada, and Brawijaya. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the Word Cloud, it is evident that Bali and Lombok are prominent tourist sites in Indonesia that attract significant attention from researchers. This study suggests that future academics should focus on tourism education in Indonesia, with particular emphasis on expanding research beyond the islands of Java and Bali.
Wings of change: Empowering agro-rural tourism stakeholders through a multifaceted approach for sustainable development
Authors: Liangco Noemi C. , Khong-Khai Sutthikarn , Leelapattana Winitra , Thongma Watcharanan , Guntoro Budi , Thongma Weerapon
Published: August 2024

This review aims to explore the significance of empowering stakeholders within the agro-rural-tourism sector and examines various approaches essential for sustainable growth and development. A systematic review of scientific literature was conducted to identify relevant studies on agro-rural, agri-tourism, community-led tourism, and rural tourism. The analysis focused on six key themes: stakeholder empowerment, policy and government support, integrated rural and community-led tourism, sustainability and local development, challenges and opportunities, and case study locations. The findings indicate that policy changes, tourism planning, collaboration between government and local communities, technological integration, innovation, and skills development are crucial for stakeholder empowerment in agro-rural tourism. The multifaceted approach involving coordinated efforts across sectors, strategic policy frameworks, public‒private partnerships, community-led models, innovation, and technology integration is vital for sustainable development. This review contributes to advancing knowledge on participative models for tourism growth that actively engage local communities and safeguard their cultural heritage. The insights provided lay the groundwork for creating inclusive and sustainable solutions that balance economic viability with sociocultural integrity and environmental stewardship in the agro-rural tourism sector.
A recent systematic review of tailoring teacher autonomy through personality insights
Authors: Yasin Intan Rafidah , Abdul Razak Ahmad Zabidi , Abdullah Zuraidah
Published: August 2024

Providing teachers autonomy that aligns with their personalities can foster a greater sense of ownership and commitment to their work, increasing student engagement and academic achievement. The relationship between teacher personality and professional autonomy in education is crucial for pedagogical effectiveness, job satisfaction, and student outcomes. Nonetheless, a gap persists in the current literature, underscoring a lack of thorough understanding of how personality influences educators' autonomy experiences. This systematic review tackles the need for a comprehensive understanding of various aspects of teacher autonomy and teacher personality insights. The primary objective of this systematic review is to explore and assess the literature on teacher autonomy through personality insights. Note that the flow of the study is based on the PRISMA framework. By analyzing a comprehensive selection using advanced searching approaches on Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases (n = 30), the final primary data was examined using mixed methods from the recent articles in the year of 2023. Expert scholars decided to develop four themes, which are [1] Autonomy Support and Academic Performance, [2] Teacher Well-being and Turnover, [3] Motivation and Teaching Style, and [4] Cross-cultural Perspectives on Autonomy. Therefore, future studies ought to investigate how different personalities affect teacher satisfaction, classroom dynamics, and student learning results to improve professional development and provide useful insights for educational policymakers and practitioners.
The developmental facets of religious harmony in India
Authors: Thomas Subin , Satapathy Smita
Published: August 2024

India is a multireligious society with religious harmony. India upholds the values of secularism as the basic feature of its Constitution. Respect for other religions and their beliefs is one of the main characteristics of Indian society and the core of religious harmony. The life of each and every Indian citizen is very much rooted in their religious beliefs and practices, with true trust and confidence in constitutional values. The recent development of religious fanatism or radicalism shakes the secularistic pillar of the nation and is a threat to religious harmony. A narrow-minded attitude toward other religions creates a feeling of insecurity and fear of survival among people. This can be considered a disturbing element of religious harmony and one of the major challenges India currently faces. Legislations related to religion can be seen as a small challenge in the developmental process of religious harmony. The judiciary holds an important place in securing and promoting this harmony. Interreligious dialog is a channel through which to ensure harmony in a pluralistic society. This paper analyzes the emergence of religious concord and its applicability to the current Indian context.
Child sexual abuse in Vietnam: A review of prevalence, risk factors, and prevention strategies
Authors: Nguyen My Thi Diem , Mai Le Hien
Published: August 2024

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a severe global problem that has long-term psychological, physical, and societal effects for victims. This review looks at the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of CSA, with a specific emphasis on Vietnam. The frequency of CSA varies worldwide, with notable regional variations. In Vietnam, approximately 2,000 children are sexually abused each year, with females being disproportionately affected. Risk variables include age, gender, family dynamics, social level, and cultural norms. The review investigates the short- and long-term effects of CSA, which include mental health illnesses, physical health issues, and social difficulties. Prevention and intervention efforts, including as school-based education programs and parental involvement, show promise, but they encounter obstacles owing to cultural stigma and limited resources. The Vietnamese government has developed a variety of policies and legal frameworks to combat CSA, however gaps persist. This research emphasizes the importance of a multidimensional approach that involves broad education, substantial support services, and ongoing legislative improvements to effectively prevent and respond to CSA. Future study should focus on improving preventative strategies and assuring their long-term efficacy.
Mobile Phone Location-Based Advertising (MLBA): Emergence, premises and future research agenda
Authors: Hooda Apurva , Jain Ruchi , Jha Aruna
Published: August 2024

The exponential rise in smartphone usage globally has spurred marketers to explore novel advertising strategies. One such innovative approach is mobile phone location-based advertising (MLBA), which allows for precise consumer targeting based on geographical proximity. This study delves into the intricacies of MLBA as a cutting-edge advertising tool, examines its origins, and principles, and outlines future research directions. Positioned at the intersection of information technology and marketing, this interdisciplinary topic warrants comprehensive analysis to advance the field. Through a meticulous review of the literature, this paper offers valuable insights into the efficacy of MLBA and its implications for both theory and practice in promotional efforts. Identifying key research gaps, lays the groundwork for future studies, facilitating a deeper understanding of MLBA's potential as a marketing tool. The findings underscore the importance of systematically evaluating the concept and its components, providing marketers and researchers with a concise yet comprehensive framework for guiding future research endeavors.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN MAKANAN HASIL KEBUN GIZI ATAU BAHAN LOKAL DI TANJUNG HULU
Authors: Oktaviani Katarina Jeanne , Wedyawati Nelly , Mandala Fransiskus Tatik Naga Surya
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Desa Tanjung Hulu, Kecamatan Sepauk merupakan desa bimbingan Betang Pelita (BETTA)-mitra Wahana Visi Indonesia (WVI) dalam menangani kasus stunting dan nutrisi anak. Namun masih ditemukan 3 anak yang mengalami BGM dan 4 orang berat badan kurang.. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memampukan orang tua balita, kader, tenaga kesehatan dan  mitra lainnya untuk memiliki pengetahuan dari pengolahan makanan menu bahan lokal dari hasil kebun gizi di Desa Tanjung Hulu sebagai penunjang keberlanjutan program PMBA dan kebun gizi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah ceramah, demonstrasi dengan contoh dan praktik langsung. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan pada Jumat, 28 November 2023 di Polindes Desa Tanjung Hulu dengan jumlah peserta 26 orang yang terdiri 19 dari orang tua balita dan 7 orang kader. Berdasarkan kuesioner pre test da post test yang diberikan kepada 26 orang peserta terlihat mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan setelah pemberian materi dan praktik langsung dengan nilai rata-rata diawal yaitu 84  menjadi 95. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan serta pemahaman peserta secara menyakinkan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan pre test dan post test memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan dibuktikan dengan p value yang lebih kecil dari 0.05. Pengetahuan yang meningkat dapat mendukung peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam mengolah makanan untuk menunjang variasi pengolahan makanan bagi anak.Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Masak, Gizi, Bahan Lokal
On the Anomalous Future and Conditional of Spanish bendecir ’to bless‘ and maldecir ’to curse‘
Authors: Rini Joel
Published: August 2024

Las formas del futuro (y condicional) de bendecir y maldecir son anómalas porque son regulares, por ejemplo bendeciré, maldeciré, mientras que en la mayoría de los demás tiempos y modos son irregulares y se alinean morfológicamente
con las de decir, por ejemplo digo, bendigo, maldigo; dije, bendije, maldije, etc. La regularidad del futuro / condicional de estos dos verbos se vuelve aún más sorprendente cuando uno
considera que las formas del futuro / condicional eran irregulares en español antiguo, por ejemplo bendir é, maldir é. El presente artículo intenta explicar por qué estas formas se regularizaron en el futuro / condicional mientras
que las formas de la mayoría de los demás tiempos y modos han permanecido irregulares y alineadas con las dedecir. Se propone aquí que la regularización del futuro / condicional de bendecir y maldecir se debe a la estructura de sus participios
pasados, dada la estrecha conexión entre el infinitivo y el participio pasado a lo largo de la historia de las lenguas romances, junto con el hecho de que, tanto el infinitivo como el participio pasado han estado unidos estructuralmente por el verbo auxiliar haber a través
de la historia del español.
L'article Admiration de l' Encyclopédie et ses échos chez Diderot
Authors: Rebejkow Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2024

Diderot's writings bear witness to his admiration for people and their achievements, whether technical or artistic. After recalling the history of the notion of admiration, we saw that, in the article *Admiration, Diderot defines admiration as prolonged astonishment, subject
to the approval of reason. In opposition to Saint-Evremond, for whom admiration is the mark of a small mind, Diderot asserts that while admiration of a common thing is the mark of little spirit, admiration of a masterpiece can elevate the soul. This article of the Encyclopédie
is the first in which Diderot uses the expression »ideal model«, the meaning of which is still close to that of Abbé Batteux. This expression plays a decisive role in the Discours sur la poésie dramatique, the Salons, the Paradoxe sur le comédien.
Admiration is thus a driving force behind Diderot's aesthetic thinking.
Kultur und Digitalisierung
Authors: Ruh Nicolai , Meissner Jens O. , Burri Deborah , Camp Marc-Antoine , Frei Samuel , Gretler Heusser Simone , Grüter Ueli , Hauser Christoph , Hübscher Bettina , Klotz Ute , Murri Michelle , Odermatt Isabelle , Wey Yannick , Kunz Stefano , Stamm Hanspeter , Sprenger Ramona , Schneider Jeannie
Published: August 2024

Die Digitalisierung beeinflusst, wie Menschen Kunst und Kultur erschaffen, teilen und wahrnehmen. Seit jeher stehen Kulturschaffende, ihre Werke und das Publikum im ständigen Wechselspiel mit neuen Technologien. Der Einsatz von digitalen Anwendungen, virtuellen Räumen und globalen Kommunikationsnetzen ermöglicht neue Kreativitätsformen. Auf welche Art und Weise verschiedene künstlerische Berufsgruppen solche digitalen Möglichkeiten nutzen können und möchten, hängt von strukturellen Faktoren, aber auch von persönlichen Präferenzen ab. Die drei Teilstudien richten ihr Augenmerk deshalb auf die Chancen und Herausforderungen, die sich Kulturschaffenden in ihrem täglichen Umgang mit der Digitalisierung stellen. Wie wichtig bleiben das Beherrschen eines Kunsthandwerks, menschliche Einzigartigkeit und Authentizität in Zeiten von breit zugänglicher generativer Künstlicher Intelligenz? Wie prägt die Digitalisierung die gesellschaftliche, soziale und rechtliche Stellung des kreativen Berufs und der Kunstwerke? Die Autorinnen und Autoren bieten zu diesen und weiteren Fragen fundierte Orientierung und zeigen Handlungsmöglichkeiten auf.
A framework for classifying breast cancer via heterogenetic attention mechanism and optimized feature selection
Authors: Swetha A.V.S. , Bala Manju , Sharma Kapil
Published: August 2024

Breast cancer poses a significant threat to women’s health, emphasizing the crucial role of timely detection. Traditional pathology reports, though widely used, face challenges prompting the development of automated Deep Learning (DL) tools. DL models, gaining traction in radiology, offer precise diagnoses; however, issues with generalization on varying dataset sizes persist. This paper introduces a computationally efficient DL framework, addressing dataset imbalance through a hybrid model design, ensuring both accuracy and speed in breast cancer image classification. Proposed model novel design excels in accuracy and generalization across medical imaging datasets, providing a robust tool for precise diagnostics. The proposed model integrates features from two classifiers, Inception ResNet V2 and Vision Transformers (ViT), to enhance the classification of breast cancer. This synergistic blend enhances adaptability, ensuring consistent performance across diverse dataset scales. A key contribution is the introduction of an Efficient Attention Mechanism within one of the classifiers, optimizing focus on critical features for improved accuracy and computational efficiency. Further, a Resource-Efficient Optimization model through feature selection is proposed, streamlining computational usage without compromising accuracy. Addressing the inherent heterogeneity within classifiers, our framework integrates high dimensional features comprehensively, leading to more accurate tumor class predictions. This consideration of heterogeneity marks a significant leap forward in precision for breast cancer diagnosis. An extensive analysis on datasets, BreakHis and BACH, that are imbalanced in nature is conducted by evaluating complexity, performance, and resource usage. Comprehensive evaluation using the datasets and standard performance metrics accuracy, precision, Recall, F1-score, MCC reveals the model’s high efficacy, achieving a testing accuracy of 0.9936 and 0.994, with precision, recall, F1-score and MCC scores of 0.9919, 0.987, 0.9898, 0.9852 and 0.989, 1.0, 0.993, 0.988 on the BreakHis and BACH datasets, respectively. Our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art techniques, demonstrating superior accuracy across different datasets, with improvements ranging from 0.25% to 15% on the BACH dataset and from 0.36% to 15.02% on the BreakHis dataset. Our results position the framework as a promising solution for advancing breast cancer prediction in both clinical and research applications. The collective contributions, from framework and hybrid model design to feature selection and classifier heterogeneity consideration, establish a holistic and state-of-the-art approach, significantly improving accuracy and establishing optimization in breast cancer classification from MRI images. Future research for the DL framework in breast cancer image classification includes enhancing interpretability, integrating multi-modal data, and developing personalized treatments.
A Study of Assisted Screening for Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Handwriting and Gait Analysis
Authors: Qi Hengnian , Zhu Xiaorong , Ren Yinxia , Zhang Xiaoya , Tang Qizhe , Zhang Chu , Lang Qing , Wang Lina
Published: August 2024

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is not easily detected in the early stage. Handwriting and walking have been shown to be potential indicators of cognitive decline and are often affected by AD.

Objective:

This study proposes an assisted screening framework for AD based on multimodal analysis of handwriting and gait and explores whether using a combination of multiple modalities can improve the accuracy of single modality classification.

Methods:

We recruited 90 participants (38 AD patients and 52 healthy controls). The handwriting data was collected under four handwriting tasks using dot-matrix digital pens, and the gait data was collected using an electronic trail. The two kinds of features were fused as inputs for several different machine learning models (Logistic Regression, SVM, XGBoost, Adaboost, LightGBM), and the model performance was compared.

Results:

The accuracy of each model ranged from 71.95% to 96.17%. Among them, the model constructed by LightGBM had the best performance, with an accuracy of 96.17%, sensitivity of 95.32%, specificity of 96.78%, PPV of 95.94%, NPV of 96.74%, and AUC of 0.991. However, the highest accuracy of a single modality was 93.53%, which was achieved by XGBoost in gait features.

Conclusions:

The research results show that the combination of handwriting features and gait features can achieve better classification results than a single modality. In addition, the assisted screening model proposed in this study can achieve effective classification of AD, which has development and application prospects.
Characterization of Ptau181 Among a Diverse Community-Based Cohort: A HABS-HD Study
Authors: Petersen Melissa E. ,   for the HABS-HD Study Team, Zhang Fan , Hall James R. , Julovich David , Rissman Robert A. , Meeker Karin L. , Phillips Nicole , Large Stephanie , Ances Beau M. , O’Bryant Sid E.
Published: August 2024

Background: Examination of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related biomarkers among diverse communities has remained limited. Objective: The aim of this study was to expand on prior work to provide a characterization of ptau181 among a diverse community sample. Consideration was taken regarding the impact of comorbidities on ptau181 levels including medical. Methods: 3,228 (n = 770 African American [AA], n = 1,231 Hispanic, and n = 1,227 non-Hispanic white [NHW]) Health and Aging Brain Study- Health Disparities (HABS-HD) participants were included in this study. ANCOVAs were conducted to examine differences in ptau181 levels across race and ethnic groups. Violin plots were also generated stratified by APOE ɛ4 carrier status, Amyloid PET positivity status, medical comorbidity (hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease [CKD], and diabetes) and by cognitive diagnosis. Results: Ptau181 levels were found to differ between Hispanics and NHW after covarying for age, sex, and APOE ɛ4 status. Amyloid PET positivity was associated with higher ptau181 levels across all groups. APOE ɛ4 positivity status was only significantly associated with ptau181 levels among AAs. Across all race and ethnic groups, those with a diagnosis of CKD had higher levels of ptau181. When stratified by cognitive diagnosis, cognitively unimpaired Hispanics had higher ptau181 if they also had a diagnosis of CKD or diabetes. p-values ≤0.01. Conclusions: Differences in ptau181 levels were shown in a diverse community sample. Medical comorbidities had a differing effect on ptau181 levels particularly among Hispanics even without cognitive impairment. Findings support the need for future work to consider comorbid conditions when examining the utility of ptau181.
Optimizing energy efficiency and routing in wireless sensor networks through genetic algorithm-based cluster head selection in a grid-based topology
Authors: Regilan S. , Hema L.K.
Published: August 2024

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) struggle with energy efficiency because of limited node power. This paper presents an approach that uses evolutionary algorithms to choose the Cluster Head (CH) and optimize routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using grid-based topologies. The proposed method repeatedly develops solutions based on criteria for node density, distance, and energy level by using the evolutionary capabilities of the genetic algorithm. A fitness function that considers latency, coverage, and energy efficiency is used to evaluate the solutions. The process selects CHs dynamically and uses GA-guided optimization to construct paths. Simulation results indicate improved network performance and energy efficiency over existing protocols. Evolutionary algorithm integration enables flexibility and optimization for energy-efficient CH selection and routing in WSNs with a grid-based design.
Perspectives on Neoadjuvant Clinical Trial Participation for Patients with Kidney Cancer: A Survey-Based Examination
Authors: Ntowe Koumani W. , McAdoo Sallie , Haas Naomi B. , Karam Jose A. , Lara Primo N. , Fashoyin-Aje Ibilola , Saraiya Biren P. , Maskens Deborah , Pickering Lisa , Master Viraj A. , Zhang Tian , Kaye Deborah R.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Kidney cancer is amongst the deadliest genitourinary malignancies. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy has the potential to improve survival and overall outcomes in select patients. Enrolling patients in trials of neoadjuvant treatment for kidney cancer is challenging, which limits neoadjuvant treatment development.

Objective:

This study aims to develop a better understanding of the barriers patients face in kidney cancer clinical trial participation, with a particular focus on neoadjuvant trials for renal cell carcinoma.

Methods:

From 2022–2023, we recruited participants with a history of kidney cancer through a Qualtrics survey that was sent to the Kidney Cancer Association (KCA) and Kidney Cancer Cure (KCCure) mailing lists and social media pages. Patient responses on demographics, clinical information, and perspectives were evaluated.

Results:

Ninety-four individuals completed the survey. Eighty-one percent of respondents reported not participating in clinical trials due to not being informed about potential applicable trials. Importantly, many (76%) respondents reported that prevention of cancer return was a highly important reason to participate in clinical trials. Most respondents reported a willingness to undergo a kidney biopsy (59%), and/or additional appointments (58%) and surgery delays.

Conclusions:

Increased patient awareness about clinical trials with the potential to delay cancer recurrence may increase patient participation in clinical trials. Clinical trial design, including additional appointments or interventions and/or minor surgery delays are not major barriers to trial participation.
Football teaching and training based on video surveillance using deep learning
Authors: Yang Ping , Wu Xiaoneng
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: The objective performance evaluation of an athlete is essential to allow detailed research into elite sports. The automatic identification and classification of football teaching and training exercises overcome the shortcomings of manual analytical approaches. Video monitoring is vital in detecting human conduct acts and preventing or reducing inappropriate actions in time. The video’s digital material is classified by relevance depending on those individual actions. OBJECTIVE: The research goal is to systematically use the data from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and data from computer vision analysis for the deep Learning of football teaching motion recognition (DL-FTMR). There has been a search for many libraries. The studies included have examined and analyzed training through profound model construction learning methods. Investigations show the ability to distinguish the efficiency of qualified and less qualified officers for sport-specific video-based decision-making assessments. METHODS: Video-based research is an effective way of assessing decision-making due to the potential to present changing in-game decision-making scenarios more environmentally friendly than static picture printing. The data showed that the filtering accuracy of responses is improved without losing response time. This observation indicates that practicing with a video monitoring system offers a play view close to that seen in a game scenario. It can be an essential way to improve the perception of selection precision. This study discusses publicly accessible training datasets for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and presents a dataset that combines various components. The study also used the UT-Interaction dataset to identify complex events. RESULTS: Thus, the experimental results of DL-FTMR give a performance ratio of 94.5%, behavior processing ratio of 92.4%, athletes energy level ratio of 92.5%, interaction ratio of 91.8%, prediction ratio of 92.5%, sensitivity ratio of 93.7%, and the precision ratio of 94.86% compared to the optimized convolutional neural network (OCNN), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), you only look once (YOLO), Human Activity Recognition- state-of-the-art methodologies (HAR-SAM). CONCLUSION: This finding proves that exercising a video monitoring system that provides a play view similar to that seen in a game scenario can be a valuable technique to increase selection accuracy perception.
The significance of different intervertebral spaces in combined spinal epidural anesthesia in cesarean section
Authors: Yu Qing , Hu Jing
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: The number of cesarean sections performed is increasing every year, and obstetric anesthesia is of great interest to physicians and research scholars because of its specificity, high risk, and high complication rate. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) with different intervertebral spaces during cesarean section on anesthesia effect, anesthesia onset time, anesthesia recovery time, maternal adverse reactions, and neonates. METHODS: Ninety-two women who underwent cesarean section in our hospital from September 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided them into two groups (group A and group B), 46 women in each group. Group A underwent CSEA via an L2-3 gap and group B underwent CSEA via an L3-4 gap puncture. The anesthesia effect, anesthesia onset time, sensory recovery time, adverse effects, and neonatal Apgar score were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: When CSEA was performed from L2-3, the anesthesia efficiency was higher, but the difference was not statistically significant. When anesthesia was performed by puncture from L2-3, the onset of anesthesia and recovery time was shorter, and the incidence of intraoperative maternal nausea and vomiting, hypotension, respiratory depression, and other adverse reactions was low with a statistically significant difference. However, the Apgar scores of the neonates in the two groups have no difference. CONCLUSIONS: When CSEA is induced via L2-3 interspace, anesthesia has a rapid onset of action, shorter recovery time, and few maternal adverse effects, without affecting the final anesthetic outcome.
Accuracy of analytically determined fractional flow reserve derived from coronary angiography for non-invasive assessment of coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Milovanovic Aleksandar , Isailovic Velibor , Saveljic Igor , Filipovic Nenad
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) determined invasively has been globally accepted as the gold standard for determining the functional significance of coronary artery stenoses. However, despite its great importance, the invasive method has certain disadvantages, including the risk of vascular injuries, the need for vasodilation, and significant medical costs. That is why great attention was paid to the development of non-invasive methods that would enable reliable diagnosis without exposing patients to the risk of unwanted consequences. OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to create and verify an alternative, less resource- and time-demanding, non-invasive solution. METHODS: The determination of FFR is based on the application of the fundamental laws of fluid dynamics. All energy losses in the coronary artery with stenosis were identified and analyzed in detail. A three-dimensional model of a coronary artery was generated using the corresponding angiographic images. Finally, the pressure due to stenosis was calculated and the FFR was determined. RESULTS: The results obtained using the proposed analytical method were compared with available experimental data for 40 patients who experienced the invasive coronary angiography. The coefficient of determination, mean difference and standard deviation values are determined to be 0.726, -0.017 and 0.056, respectively. These values were slightly higher for FFR values above 0.80. CONCLUSION: The FFR calculated by the proposed analytical method has a relatively good correlation with clinical data, which leads to the conclusion that it can provide a reliable assessment of the functional significance of coronary stenosis.
The effect of core stability training combined with fascial release on patients with nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Liu Mingsheng , Huang Zhixiong , Wang Xiaoyun , You Pingdi , Cai Xiaying
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Non-specific lower back pain (NLBP) is treated with a variety of therapies, including health education, exercise therapy, soft tissue release, psychological interventions, and shockwave therapy. However, some studies have shown that core stability training or fascial release therapy alone is not effective in the treatment of low back pain.

BJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stability training on patients’ inflammatory cytokine levels and lumbar muscle temperature when combined with fascial release for the treatment of non-specific low back pain.

METHODS:

In this study, a total of 60 patients with non-specific low back pain who were treated in Mindong Hospital of Ningde City between December 2021 and January 2023 were selected and randomly and equally divided into a control group (30 cases) and an experimental group (30 cases). The control group received core stability training, while the experimental group added fascial release surgery to this. We compared and assessed the pain visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), lumbar spine mobility (including anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion), as well as levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-a, and muscle tissue temperature in the two groups.

RESULTS:

This study has been successfully implemented and covered 60 patients throughout the trials. Upon comparison, the two groups did not show statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age, gender and duration of disease ([Formula: see text] 0.05). After four weeks of treatment, the test group showed statistically significant ([Formula: see text] 0.05) differences in VAS scores, ODI scores, and IL-6 and TNF-a levels that were significantly lower than those of the control group. It is worth mentioning that the muscle tissue temperature of the patients in the test group, as well as their performance in lumbar anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion mobility, were significantly better than those of the control group, and these differences also showed statistical significance ([Formula: see text] 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

The combination of core stability training and fascial release demonstrates significant clinical results in the treatment of nonspecific lower back pain. Through medical thermography and serum inflammatory factor testing, we were able to assess the treatment effect more objectively, providing a strong basis for future clinical practice.
Identification of pivotal genes and crucial pathways in liver fibrosis through WGCNA analysis
Authors: Zhang Xibing , Yang Fuli , Han Lei , Su Qiuming , Gao Yang , Wu Ruichao , Wang Duo , Li Wang , Zheng Kepu , Liu Fang , Ran Jianghua
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Liver fibrosis is a progressive liver disease with increasing incidence, yet its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

OBJECTIVE

: This study aims to explore potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and experimental validation.

METHODS:

We retrieved the microarray data (GSE174099) from the GEO database and performed differential expression analysis and WGCNA to identify co-expression modules associated with liver fibrosis. A module with the highest correlation to liver fibrosis was selected for further analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to investigate the biological functions and signaling pathways of the identified genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database. The correlation between core genes and immune cells was analyzed with the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, pathological and molecular biology experiments were performed to validate the expression levels of core genes in liver tissue, including HE and Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting.

RESULTS:

We identified a total of 86 intersecting genes from the differential expression analysis and WGCNA. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were involved in processes such as cellular response to cAMP, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, and G protein-coupled receptor binding. KEGG pathway analysis highlighted the involvement of these genes in pathways like Cell Adhesion Molecules and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Using Cytoscape software, we identified four core genes: Cftr, Cldn4, Map2, and Spp1. Pathological examinations showed that the experimental group exhibited significant fibrous tissue proliferation compared to the control group. Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting analyses confirmed that these core genes were significantly upregulated in the experimental group ([Formula: see text] 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

This study identified four key genes (Cftr, Cldn4, Map2, Spp1) that are significantly associated with liver fibrosis. These genes are upregulated in liver fibrosis and could potentially as biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for therapeutic interventions.
Cyclophosphamide ameliorates membranous nephropathy by upregulating miR-223 expression, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting inflammation
Authors: Yao Chunying , Ma Qiubo , Shi Ying , Zhang Na , Pang Lei
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Membranous nephropathy (MN), also known as membranous glomerulonephritis, is a leading cause of adult nephrotic syndrome. The main pathological features encompass the deposition of immune complexes within the glomerular basement membrane epithelial cells, thickening of the basement membrane, and fusion of the foot process. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the role of the immune and inflammatory modulator miR-223 in the immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of cyclophosphamide (CTX) on membranous nephropathy (MN). METHODS: miR-223 mimetics or inhibitors was used to regulate miR-223 levels. LPS induced inflammatory cell model and cell polarization. CTX was used to treat Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced inflammatory response and polarization. Cationic bovine serum albumin (c-BSA) induced BALB/c mouse MN model, while CTX was used to treat c-BSA induced MN. RESULTS: The miR-223 level in LPS induced inflammatory model cells was lower than that in control cells. The levels of inflammatory factors in LPS+miR-223 mimetics and CTX+miR-223i cells were lower than those in LPS and miR-223i cells. The protein levels of LPS+miR-223 mimic, CTX+miR-223i macrophage M2 phenotype markers Arginase-1 (Arg1), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-4 (IL4) and interleukin-13 (IL13) were significantly higher than those of LPS and miR-223i. The effect of CTX was confirmed in a BALB/c mouse MN model induced by cationic bovine serum albumin (c-BSA). CONCLUSION: CTX upregulates the expression of miR-223, promotes polarization of M2 macrophages, alleviates the inflammatory response and renal injury of MN.
Development and validation of a virtual learning management system usability questionnaire: A case study
Authors: Ghasemi Mohamad Sadegh , Aghajafari Raheleh , Abolaghasemi Jamileh , Danesh Mojtaba Khosravi , Garosi Ehsan
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: The post-pandemic era has seen a surge in the popularity of Virtual Learning Management Systems (VLMS). However, there is a noticeable lack of tools to measure the usability of these systems. As technology evolves, user needs change, necessitating updated tools for system evaluation. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate a VLMS usability questionnaire, specifically designed to assess the usability of a university learning management system METHODS: The VLMS usability tool was systematically developed based on relevant domains identified in existing literature and expert opinions. It was then tested for face validity, content validity, and reliability. In a case study, the tool was distributed among 200 students from a Medical Sciences university who had used the Navid VLMS system. RESULTS: Semi-structured interviews with experts were analyzed using directed content analysis, resulting in 21 items categorized into four domains: effectiveness, reliability, learnability, and security. The content validity index and ratio were 0.939 and 0.976, respectively. The Intra Class Correlation (ICC) estimates for each section of the questionnaire ranged from 0.8–0.9, indicating high reliability. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.97, suggesting excellent internal consistency. The case study results showed that the Navid platform achieved an average usability score of 70.36, with a standard deviation of 10.6, indicating moderate to high usability. CONCLUSIONS: The VLMS usability tool is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the usability of the Navid learning management system. It can be used to improve the usability of the Navid system and serve as a benchmark for assessing the usability of other similar VLMSs.