bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol Attenuates Doxorubicin-Related Cardiac Disorders Using Modulation of IL6R Signifying Trail in Adult Male Sprague Dawley
Authors: Soliman Nabil A. , Dahmy Samih I. El , Shalaby Amr A. , Mohammed Khadija A.
Published: October 2024

Background
Chemotherapeutic drugs are widely employed to treat various forms of cancer; nevertheless, they can also have detrimental biological effects, especially on non-tumor cells, and frequently disturb the physiological balance in several organs, the heart foremost among them. The present investigation aimed to ascertain the degree to which CBD oil alleviated the cardiotoxicity resulting from doxorubicin (DOX).
Methods
Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150 ± 25g each were molded into five equal groups. Group 2ndgot an intraperitoneal dosage of DOX (18 mg/kg bwt), while Group1st received distilled water orally. Group 3rd received CBD, Group 5th received 1 ml of CBD (26 mg/kg bwt), and Group 4th received trimetazidine (10 mg/kg bwt). On the eleventh day, both groups (5th and 4th) received a single dosage of doxorubicin (18 mg/kg bwt). Examined were gene expression, immunological tests, biochemical measures, and heart histology.
Results
The injection of CBD (26 mg/kg bwt) not only restored normalcy to the ECG and blood pressure, but it also significantly improved the activity of cardiac enzymes (CK-MB and Troponin I), which is linked to a reduction in triglycerides and cholesterol. Furthermore, there was an improvement in SOD and GSH in the cardiac homogenate and a decrease in oxidative stress, as determined by MDA, and inflammatory markers, such as IL6 and TNF-a. Additionally, there has been a discernible decrease in the expression of the IL6R frequency concentration linked to better heart tissue. Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, CBD may offer protection.
A hydrophobic and degradable straw based on the ethyl cellulose-coated bacterial cellulose
Authors: Zhang Ronghui , Sun Bianjing , Yang Luyu , Sun Dongping
Published: October 2024

In light of global petrochemical resource depletion and environmental issues stemming from widespread plastic use, disposable straws present complex issues stemming from their extensive usage, non-recyclability in most areas, and incomplete biodegradability. Therefore, finding a high-performance alternative to mitigate plastic straw-related environmental problems is critical. Cellulose deratives are recognized as sustainable substitutes for plastics, yet the hydrophilic naure restricts their application as straws. This study introduces a microplastic-free straw made from bacterial cellulose (BC). Enhanced with ethyl cellulose (EC), a thermoplastic and water-insoluble cellulose derivative, this BC-based straw exhibits improved mechanical properties (bending strength up to 66.82 MPa), hydrophobicity (water contact angle up to 110°), and heat resistance. These enhancements are attributed to its three-dimensional nanofiber network and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, it degrades significantly faster than commercially available polylactic acid-based straw in soil, with completely decomposition within 20 days. This positions the BC-based straw as a more health-conscious and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic straws.
A New Step Up Nine Level Switched Capacitor Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Omre Sharvendra Kumar , Thakur Ritula , Panda Kaibalya Prasad
Published: October 2024

In response to rising expectations for more efficient and better power generation, the switched-capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) was developed. Most recently, SCMLIs were created to allow for step-up ac output via inversion and single-stage voltage boosting. This study presents a boost type single source nine-level (9-level) SCMLI that uses two capacitors and one diode in an effort to reduce the number of components. The capacitor's voltage boost from a single source is achieved through the series-parallel connecting procedure. No more than twice the input voltage can be applied to the semiconductor devices under any given condition. In order to raise the voltage levels without adding more dc input, the suggested SCMLI can be expanded with a minimal number of components. After a thorough evaluation of the power losses and circuit performance, the design is confirmed to be superior by comparing it to newly designed single-phase 9-level MLIs. In order to confirm the key characteristics of the 9-level SCMLI in dynamic operational settings, we offer comprehensive simulation and experimental findings.
Setting tiered management triggers using a values-based approach in an Indigenous-led cumulative effects management system
Authors: Kwon Katerina , Gunton Tom , Rutherford Murray , Zeeg Taylor
Published: October 2024

Indigenous-led cumulative effects assessment and management (CEM) has emerged in recent years as a proactive and strategic approach for addressing the cumulative impacts of industrial development and other activities. CEM identifies and monitors high-priority values and stressors and develops management strategies to restore and improve the condition of those values. As Indigenous-led CEM evolves, it faces a major challenge in linking cumulative effects assessment and monitoring information to effective management actions. One promising approach to address this challenge is the use of tiered management triggers, which are a series of progressive markers associated with specified degrees of change in the condition of a value, designed to reflect increasing levels of concern about the value. These types of limits or thresholds inform decision-makers that they need to act, or act more intensively, to restore values to an acceptable state. In this paper, we present a novel method for setting tiered management triggers that was developed in an Indigenous-led CEM program. We co-developed this six-step method with the Metlakatla First Nation (located on the northwest coast of British Columbia, Canada) and applied it in a series of community workshops to select triggers for three values in the Metlakatla CEM Program: butter clams, housing, and food, social, and ceremonial activity. The method draws from participatory frameworks including structured decision-making and collaborative planning. The workshop results show that management triggers can successfully be established through a values-focused process of social choice, involving community engagement and informed by relevant scientific research and other knowledge.
Mining minor cold-resistant genes in V. vinifera based on transcriptomics
Authors: Liu Junli , Wang Zhilei , Wang Liang , Jiang Shan , Li Hua , Wang Hua
Published: October 2024

Background
Cold resistance is an important characteristic of sustainable development in the grape industry. Analyzing cold resistance genes provides molecular theoretical support for high-quality cold resistance breeding through cross breeding between grape varieties. The intraspecific recurrent selection in Vitis vinifera (V. vinifera) method uses high-quality varieties as breeding materials, and utilizes the substitution and accumulation of minor resistance genes, which is an effective method for high-quality grape disease resistance breeding.
Results
This study aimed to identify and genetically analyze the cold resistance of the V. viniferahybrid population (Ecolly x Dunkelfelder), screen for highly resistant and sensitive plant samples, and use high-throughput sequencing to perform transcriptome sequencing and related differential gene expression analysis on each sample. The results showed that the cold resistance of the hybrid offspring population was a continuous quantitative trait inheritance, with 38 differentially expressed genes (7 upregulated genes and 31 downregulated genes) between the high resistance and sensitive types. GO enrichment analysis showed that differential genes were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis process of aromatic compounds, organic cyclic compounds, transcription cis regulatory region binding, transcription regulatory region nucleic acid binding, sequence specific double stranded DNA binding, double stranded DNA binding, and sequence specific DNA binding. KEGG analysis revealed differentially expressed genes, with pathways mainly enriched in the biosynthesis pathways of hexene, diarylheptanoid and gingerol, flavonoid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
Conclusion
Through the analysis of cold resistance related genes in various pathways, it was found that the cold resistance genes of V. vinifera were mainly related to secondary metabolites, lipid, carbohydrate, amino acid synthesis metabolism, and transcription factor regulation.
Novel Biosorption Method for Eliminating Methylene Blue Dye from Wastewater Using Sweet Potato Peels.
Authors: Husnain Ali , Umer Asim , Azam Amna
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the use of sweet potato peels as a biosorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of key variables, including adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial dye concentration, on the removal efficiency of MB. The results demonstrated that the removal efficiency of MB increased with the adsorbent dosage, reaching an optimal value of 70% at a dosage of 1.1 g/100 mL. Additionally, the adsorption process achieved equilibrium at 50 minutes of contact time. However, higher concentrations of MB in the solution led to a decrease in removal efficiency, likely due to the saturation of the adsorbent surface. Further analysis using FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic groups on the sweet potato peel surface, which play a crucial role in the adsorption process. The study concluded that sweet potato peels are an effective, eco-friendly adsorbent for MB dye removal, offering a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment. The findings highlight the potential of this agricultural byproduct in addressing water pollution concerns, providing a viable solution aligned with environmental conservation efforts.
Caffeine Modulates Ferroptosis Through the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Invasion and Migration of U-373 Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Jiazhi Xu , Yun Zhang , Dagang Chen , Fengquan Gao , Deshuai Ren , Weidong Wu , Yan Du , Wang Na
Published: October 2024

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on the invasion and migration of human glioblastoma U-373 cells and to elucidate its mechanism of action through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and ferroptosis.Methods U-373 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). The effects of caffeine on cell invasion, migration, apoptosis, and ferroptosis were assessed using Transwell assays, flow cytometry, cell scratch assays, and Western blotting techniques. Western blot analysis was specifically used to evaluate the expression of PI3K/Akt-related proteins and markers of ferroptosis.Results Caffeine significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of U-373 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. It also promoted apoptosis and decreased the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt proteins, as well as markers associated with ferroptosis.Conclusion Caffeine, through its regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and modulation of ferroptosis, effectively suppresses the invasion and migration of U-373 glioblastoma cells. These findings suggest that caffeine could be a promising anti-glioblastoma agent and offer new insights into its potential applications in cancer treatment.
Strict phonics beats mixed phonics: Effective teaching improves reading acquisition and reduces social inequalities
Authors: Ziegler Johannes , Gioia Paul , Deauvieau Jerome
Published: October 2024

Reading is crucial for functioning in our modern societies, and reading failure is associated with reduced happiness and success. Indeed, learning-to-read an alphabetic script requires the explicit teaching of the correspondences between letters and sounds (phonics). Memorizing thousands of visual words by heart is no alternative as it would be like memorizing a telephone directory. Although most teachers indicate that they systematically teach letter-sound correspondences in grade 1, there is evidence that many of them complement explicit letter-sound teaching (strict phonics) with various whole word recognition strategies (mixed phonics). The goal of the present study was to find out whether strict phonics methods produce better results than less strict or mixed phonics methods. To do so, the responses of 9,340 grade 1 teachers concerning their teaching practice and the textbook they used were matched to the performance of their 139,288 students assessed in mid-grade 1 and early-grade 2 through the national evaluations in France. The results of hierarchical mixed effects modelling showed a clear advantage of strict phonics textbooks and strict phonics teaching methods over mixed, strongly mixed, or very strongly mixed (non-systematic) phonics methods while controlling for pre-reading skills, class reading level, socio-economic status, and teacher experience. The advantage of strict phonics methods over all other methods was even stronger for pupils with initially weak pre-reading skills and students from socio-economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. These results have far-reaching implications for educational policy, teacher training, prevention of reading difficulties, and social equality.
Comprehensive resolution and classification of the Epstein Barr virus transcriptome
Authors: Flemington Erik , Nguyen Truong , O'Grady Tina , Roberts Claire , Nguyen Trang , McFerrin Harris , Baddoo Melody , Wyczechowska Dorota , Morales Maria , Dong Yan
Published: October 2024

Virus genomes harbor highly compacted repertoires of genes and regulatory elements. Here, we report the most comprehensive Epstein Barr virus (EBV) transcriptome analysis to date, significantly expanding the number of known transcript isoforms to 1453 and resolving the major isoform of all but one lytic open reading frame. We also categorize each transcript according to their dependence on viral DNA replication, classifying transcripts as “early”, “leaky late”, or “late”. We show that the late gene viral preinitiation complex, vPIC also activates early promoters/genes. These studies also increased our understanding of the complexity of viral regulatory programs by identifying significantly active alternate promoters with distinct dependencies on viral DNA replication as well as biphasic promoters with embedded features of both early and late promoters. Genetic analyses identified an enhancer function for the viral lytic origin of replication (OriLyt) that acts on promoters throughout the virus genome. We found substantial viral read-through transcription that is predicted to cause transcriptional interference and fine tuning of the temporal regulation of viral promoters. Further, in some loci with same direction overlapping gene configurations, polyA read-through is necessary to facilitate transcription through the entire ORF while also giving rise to highly abundant viral lncRNAs due to the partial nature of read-through. Altogether, this study identified extreme viral transcriptome diversity, it resolved the major isoforms for nearly all lytic ORFs, and it identified novel regulatory modes driving and fine-tuning the temporal regulation of EBV lytic gene expression.
The rapid detection of a neonatal unit outbreak of a wild-type Klebsiella variicola using decentralized Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Authors: White Rhys Thomas , Balm Michelle , Burton Megan , Hutton Samantha , Jeram Jamaal , Kelly Matthew , Macartney-Coxson Donia , Sinha Tanya , Sushames Henrietta , Winter David John , Bloomfield Maxim George
Published: October 2024

Background
Klebsiella variicola has been implicated in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) outbreaks previously and can be misidentified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. An increased incidence of K. pneumoniae bacteremia on the NICU of our institution was notified to the infection prevention and control (IPC) team in May 2024. The four isolates involved displayed wild-type susceptibility, so had not been detected via multi-drug resistant organism surveillance. This triggered investigation with a nanopore-based decentralized whole genome sequencing (dWGS) system in operation at our laboratory.
Methods
Since early 2022 our hospital laboratory has been performing dWGS using the Oxford Nanopore MinION device. This allows for prospective genomic surveillance of certain hospital-associated organisms, but also rapid reactive investigation of possible outbreaks. Isolates are sequenced in the hospital laboratory and undergo multilocus sequence typing (MLST). If transmission events are suspected, sequence data are transferred to our reference laboratory, the Institute for Environmental Science and Research (ESR) for high-resolution bioinformatic analysis.
Results
Within 48 hours of notification isolates had been subcultured and sequenced. This showed that three of four isolates were in fact K. variicola, and two of these were sequence type (ST)6385. This sequence type had not been seen previously at our institution, so transmission was suspected. Environmental sampling revealed ST6385 K. variicola in two sink traps on the unit, and prospective sequencing of all K. pneumoniae isolates from NICU samples revealed two further infants with ST6385 K. variicola. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis at ESR using original sequence data showed tight clustering of these isolates, confirming an outbreak. Sink traps were disinfected, environmental cleaning procedures were updated, and a strict focus on hand hygiene was reinforced on the ward. No further isolates were detected, and the outbreak was closed after two months.
Conclusions
Access to dWGS at the level of the local hospital laboratory permitted rapid identification of an outbreak of an organism displaying no unusual antimicrobial resistance features at a point where there were only two known cases. This in turn facilitated a rapid IPC response.
An explorable model of an adverse outcome pathway of cytokine release syndrome related to the administration of immunomodulatory biotherapeutics and cellular therapies
Authors: Mazein Alexander , Lopata Oxana , Reiche Kristin , Sewald Katherina , Alb Miriam , Sakellariou Christina , Gogesch Patricia , Morgan Hannah , Neuhaus Vanessa , Pham Nhu-Nguyen , Sommer Charline , Perkins Ethan , Fogal Birgit , Shoaib Muhammad , Schneider Reinhard , Satagopam Venkata , Ostaszewski Marek
Published: October 2024

By combining immunotoxicology and systems biology approaches, we offer a novel conceptual model of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) as an adverse outcome (AO), induced by five different immunomodulatory biotherapies: 1) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, 2) checkpoint inhibitors, 3) T cell engaging bispecific modalities, 4) monoclonal antibodies targeting and activating T cell receptors, and 5) FcγR activating monoclonal antibodies. For that, we built an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) CRS network for these therapies and then developed a systems biology map of molecular mechanisms relevant to the AOP network. The map of mechanisms is made available via a dedicated online platform for exploration and data visualisation. It includes 24 cell types, 425 entities and 430 interactions. The map demonstrates stages of the CRS progression and shows molecules that can be measured in relevant immunotoxicological assays, as well as potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention of CRS.
High blue emission in impurified (Er-doped) SiOC films obtained by the HWCVD technique using SBA-15 and TEOS
Authors: Gómez William Salazar
Published: October 2024

SiOC is widely investigated due to its different applications and uses and is currently being studied due to its ability to produce stable and intense photoluminescence. This work presents a study of the changes in the optical, morphological and compositional properties of SiOC:Er thin films obtained by the hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) technique using tetraorthosilicate (TEOS), erbium oxide and mesoporous silicon oxides (SBA-15) as new precursors. According to the FTIR absorption spectrum and EDS analysis of the films, all the films were composed of carbon, oxygen and silicon atoms. Moreover, in the photoluminescence spectrum, high emission in the blue region was observed, indicating the presence of Si-nc in the samples. We suggest that the distance between the erbium atoms and Si-nc in SiOC films is responsible for the high-intensity photoluminescence emission.
Myelomeningocele
Authors: Jhmane Mohammed Mamoun Al
Published: October 2024

Background and aim: Spinal Meningoceles are a very common affliction in our country, and unfortunately most of the infections end in permanent disability and deformity, and a large portion of these children are lost due to meningitis resulting from these affliction, and here we ask the question?? Why are these afflictions common in our country while it has become rare in developed countries?
The percentage of spinal Meningoceles that visit the Children's Hospital and other health centers is still very common, so we must know what are the causes and factors that predispose to its occurrence, in order to reduce the rate of its occurrence and know the extent of its relationship to pregnancy, pregnancy conditions, kinship between parents, and folic acid intake in pregnant women.
Research materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on (120) cases during the year 2023-2024 in the Surgical Department in cooperation with the Neonatal Department at the University Children's Hospital, and surgical intervention was performed on them at the neonatal age, from all Syrian governorates.
Results: The study showed that this disease is common in our country, with females being the most affected, and the southern region being the most affected geographical area. More than half of the cases were not diagnosed during pregnancy, and the first pregnancy was the most likely to have a frequent occurrence of hydrocele. There was no direct kinship in more than half of the cases, and most of the cases were accompanied by paralysis of the lower limbs. Surgical intervention was performed during the first month of birth, and meningitis was the most common complication (33.3%), with a mortality rate of (22.5%).
Conclusion: It is necessary for pregnant women to take folic acid at a dose of 4-5 mg per day at least one month before pregnancy, and it is necessary for pregnant women to have regular checkups, especially those with risk factors and family history, take anticonvulsant medications, and perform early surgical intervention to repair the hydrocele to prevent the development of meningitis and death.
Relationship of smoking with respiratory complications in surgical patients
Authors: SHAKHASHERO SAMEER , Bardan Hussam Al
Published: October 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of postoperative respiratory complications and smoking.
Methods and Materials: A retrospective study was conducted on 100 cases who underwent surgical procedures in the General Surgery Department between 2023 and 2024. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The percentage of males was 49%, while females were 51%. The average age of the patients was 48.37 ± 16.67 years. Of the patients, 50% were smokers and 50% were non-smokers. The average number of packs consumed by smokers was 36.54 ± 38.12 packs/year. A total of 3 cases of complications occurred among smokers and 2 cases among non-smokers. The complications included oxygen desaturation, excessive sputum production, postoperative respiratory infection, pleural effusion, pulmonary embolism, cough, bronchospasm, and the average hospital stay duration after the complication was 3.1 ± 0.74 days.
Conclusion: A positive correlation was found between smoking and postoperative complications (P<0.05). Our results indicate that the amount of cigarettes consumed is associated with the rate of postoperative complications.
IMPACTS OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON AGRICULTURAL SOIL OF DIGRAS REGION, YAVATMAL DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA (INDIA): A CASE STUDY
Authors: Bhokare P. R.  , Wankhade R. R.
Published: October 2024

The utilization of chemical fertilizers in agricultural practices has been a subject of growing concern due to its potential adverse effects on soil health and long-term sustainability. This study investigates the impacts of chemical fertilizers on agricultural soil in the Digras region of Yavatmal district, Maharashtra, India. Employing a case study approach, we assessed various parameters including soil pH, EC, OC, Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorous, Sulphur, Zink, Boron, Iron, Manganese and Copper content. The study area was divided into five sampling stations to cover the most farms of Digras tehsil comprehensively in the November 2023.
AN IMPACT STUDY OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN AJMER
Authors: Marcel Chaudhary  , Dr. Varsha Maheshwari  , Ms. Yuvnika Sogani
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the proliferation of social media platforms has revolutionized marketing strategies, offering businesses unprecedented opportunities to engage with consumers. This study aims to investigate the impact of social media marketing on consumer behavior in Ajmer, a culturally rich city in India. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, this research explores how social media marketing practices employed by businesses in Ajmer influence consumer perceptions, attitudes, and purchasing decisions. A structured survey was conducted among a diverse sample of consumers in Ajmer to quantify the extent to which social media marketing influences their purchasing behavior across various product categories. Key variables such as demographic factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status will be examined to understand how they moderate the relationship between social media marketing and consumer behavior.
The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for businesses in Ajmer and beyond, enabling them to optimize their social media marketing strategies to effectively target and engage consumers. Furthermore, the research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on the evolving dynamics between social media marketing and consumer behavior in the context of a culturally distinct city like Ajmer.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Dr M. Reddi Naik  , Dr Kanderi Sridevi
Published: October 2024

An electronic payment is defined as a payment service that utilize information and communications technologies including integrated circuitcard, cryptography and telecommunications networks. E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. The focus of this paper is to identify and explain the issues and challenges in e-payment system and to examine the problems faced by consumers during e-payments. Electronic payments are financial transactions made without the use of paper documents such as cheques. Electronic payments include debit card, credit card, smart card, e-wallet, e-cash, electronic cheques etc. E-payment systems have received different acceptance level throughout the world; some methods of electronic payments are highly adopted while others are relatively low. This study aimed to identify the issues and challenges of electronic payment systems and offer some solutions to improve the e-payment system quality.
A SPIRITUAL STUDY OF SHREE KRISHNA'S RAASALEELAA (AMOROUS PLAY) ACCORDING TO THE SHREEMADBHAAGAVATA MAHAAPURAANA
Authors: Dr. Shreebas Debnath
Published: October 2024

The playful and amorous love of the Lord Shree Krishna is described in the five sub- chapters between the 29th and the 33rd in the 10th chapter of the Shreemadbhaagavata Mahaapuraana composed by the great poet Vedavyasa. The purposes of this devine play, the adventures of the Gopis to the Raasamandala (the platform for the amoral play) from their houses, the conversation between Krishna and the Gopis, the reply of the Gopis, the dance performed by Krishna with the Gopis, the disappearance of Krishna, the pathos of Gopis due to the disappearance of Krishna, His reappearance and pacifying  the Gopis, the question of the angry Gopis and Krishna's answer, appeasement and satisfaction of the Gopis, Mahaaraasa (the great play), the return of the Gopis to their houses etc. have been presented in this article according to the different types of sentiments and emotions.
MANGROVE FLORA AND THEIR PHENOLOGY OF KRISHNA ESTUARINE REGION, ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Aradhya Sarma B.V.L  , Dedeepya P.  , Krishna P.V.  , Durga Rao K.  , Sk. Dilshad
Published: October 2024

The mangrove plants are most important features of the estuarine area of the country. The existence of the mangroves has been increased the production and unique nature of its flora and fauna. The mangroves has been under intensive pressure of exploitation for the last three decades which in addition to direct cleaning, cutting and conversion have placed the mangrove under threats. Fish and Shrimp farming is the most destructive form of resources using the mangrove has been converted, which is leading to ecological damage. Conversion have been raised among the Ecologists, Biologists and other policy makers since 1989; deliberately destruction of mangrove plants and unplanned development of Coastal Aquaculture particularly Shrimp/Fish culture have been put under extreme criticism and sustainability has been question mark. The present study was undertaken to observe the floral distribution and their flowering and fruiting season of Krishna mangroves. There are 23 species of mangrove plants and their phenology are recorded around the study area. These 23 mangrove species consists of 13 families and 18 genera. It is suggested that the management options and the policy aspects should be amended accordingly, stake holders at all levels of resources exploitation must take part contribute to conservation and management.
A STUDY ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF COLLEGE TEACHERS: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BONGAIGAON DISTRICT OF ASSAM
Authors: Dr. Subhadra Das Baro
Published: October 2024

Teachers are the main key of any educational institution. They play a very important role in the development of human resources.  A sound mental health is a pre requisite of teachers in every stage of education, without which no one can perform their duties and responsibilities properly. Higher education is considered as one of the important stages of education. The teachers of this stage have to play an important role for creating man power in different fields.    At present the teachers of higher level are entrusted many extra duties and responsibilities apart from their academic duties. So, it is necessary to maintain their physical health as well as their mental health. A sound mental health of the college teacher will help to create sound mental health of the students. Both the mentally healthy  teachers and students will be able to create a sound educational environment for proper development of the society as well as the nation. Therefore, the investigator has tried to make an effort to conduct the present study. The sample size of the study was 120 college teachers. The objectives are-1. To study the level of mental health of College Teachers. 2. To find out the difference between male teachers and female teachers in regard with mental health. The present study reveals that 28% teachers have very good mental health. It is also found that 49% teachers have average/good mental health. The present study reveals that 23% teachers have poor mental health. The present study also reveals that there is no significant difference between male and female college teachers in relation to mental health especially in Bongaigaon district.
AN ANALYSIS OF TRADING STRATEGIES OF EQUITY DERIVATIVE TRADERS IN KERALA
Authors: Dr. Subeesh V. K.  , Dr. Liya K.
Published: October 2024

The derivatives market received a great deal of attraction nowadays and a lot of people are attracted to derivative trading. The use of different trading techniques and strategies by equity derivative traders was examined in this study using eleven statements relating to trading techniques and strategies. The findings indicate that most traders often utilise stop-loss methods and take international stock index fluctuations into account when creating trading plans. It is also found that the majority of the traders prefer option writing rather than options buying. Comparison of trading strategies of different demographic groups was also made and it is found that age, education, occupation, and trading capital significantly influence the use of trading strategies of equity derivative traders.
ROLE OF INTERNET MARKETING IN PROMOTING SALES: AN ANALYSIS
Authors: Prof. (Dr.) Vibha Mathur
Published: October 2024

Marketing in olden times meant only traditional marketing which involved the use of radio, television, newspapers, magazines, pamphlets etc. With the rapid growth in technology, the focus shifted from the traditional form to digital form. The newest medium of communication known as the internet was developed in 1969 in the US to facilitate a joint project between the US military and several research organizations. In 1971, network e-mail was invented, even though initially it was very slow but gradually gained momentum and was established for international connections in 1973. The official term ‘Internet’ was for the first time used in 1974 and the first online protocols were established in the 1980s. Early 1990s witnessed a tremendous growth in internet and Tim Berners- Lee who is known as the creator of the internet released the URL protocol, web browser, software and world wide web to the public. The firms took this invention to their advantage and used it to promote and facilitate their businesses across the globe. So traditional marketing became slowly a thing of the past and was replaced by digital marketing/E-marketing/ Internet marketing.
The objective of the study is to understand the concept of Internet Marketing and how it helps in boosting sales of a business firm.
“લગ્ન વિચ્છેદન માટે હિંદુ અને મુસ્લિમ વ્યક્તિગત કાનૂન ની જોગવાઈઓ નો અભ્યાસ"
Authors: ખાન રઈશ અહેમદ સરફરાઝ  , ડૉ. રાજેશકુમાર વી. વાગડીયા
Published: October 2024

ભારત એક બિનસાંપ્રદાયિક દેશ છે અને ધર્મનિરપેક્ષતા એ બંધારણની મૂળભૂત વિશેષતા છે. ભારતમાં તમામ ધર્મના લોકો વસે છે. તમામ લોકોને તેમના ધર્મનો દાવો કરવાનો અધિકાર છે. તેઓ નાગરિક બાબતોમાં તેમના અંગત કાયદાઓ દ્વારા પણ સંચાલિત થાય છે. સમાન નાગરિક સંહિતાની જોગવાઈની જરૂરિયાત હોવા છતાં, સમાન નાગરિક કાયદો ન તો ભારતમાં બનાવવામાં આવ્યો છે અને ન તો લાગુ કરવામાં આવ્યો છે અને તેથી તેમને તેમના પોતાના અંગત કાયદા અનુસાર લગ્ન કરવાનો અને છૂટાછેડા લેવાનો અધિકાર છે.ભારતમાં હિન્દુ અને મુસ્લિમ બે મુખ્ય ધર્મો છે. હિંદુઓતેમના હિંદુ કાયદાઓ દ્વારા સંચાલિત થાય છે અને મુસ્લિમો તેમના મુસ્લિમ/વ્યક્તિગત કાયદાઓ દ્વારા સંચાલિત થાય છે. હિંદુઓ માટે, વર્ષ 1955 માં લગ્ન સંબંધિત ચોક્કસ કાયદો ઘડવામાં આવ્યો હતો જે લગ્ન તેમજ છૂટાછેડા માટેની જોગવાઈઓ પ્રદાન કરે છે પરંતુ લગ્ન અને છૂટાછેડાની બાબતોને લગતો કોઈચોક્કસ કાયદો નથી જો કે મુસ્લિમ લગ્ન અધિનિયમ, 1939નું વિસર્જન કરવામાં આવ્યું હતું. જે માત્ર મુસ્લિમ મહિલા અને પુરુષને છૂટાછેડાનો અધિકાર આપે છે. તમામ લોકોને નાગરિક અધિકારો સહિતના કાયદાકીય અધિકારો આપવાથી સમાજને ધર્મનિરપેક્ષ ભારતની આવશ્યકતામાં ઊંડે વિભાજિતકરવામાં આવ્યો.ભારતીય કાયદા હેઠળ, વૈવાહિક કારણો તુલનાત્મક રીતે તાજેતરની વૃદ્ધિના છે. મુસ્લિમ કાયદાએ છૂટાછેડાને માન્યતા આપી છે, પરંતુ તેમાં ક્યારેય લગ્ન સંબંધી કારણો જેવું કંઈ નહોતું. કેટલાક હિંદુ સમુદાયોમાં રિવાજ દ્વારા છૂટાછેડાને માન્યતા આપવામાં આવી છે. અન્યથા હિંદુલગ્ન એક સંસ્કારિક (એટલે કે, અનિવાર્યપણે અવિભાજ્ય, અન્ય પાસાઓ સિવાય) સંઘ રહ્યું છે. આમ, હિંદુઓમાં વૈવાહિક કારણોના અસ્તિત્વનો પ્રશ્ન ઊભો થયો ન હતો, અને વ્યાપક રીતે કહીએ તો, બ્રિટિશ શાસનના આગમન પહેલાં ભારતમાં વૈવાહિક કારણો જેવું કંઈ નહોતું.
AWARENESS ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG THE STUDENTS OF HIGHER SECONDARY LEVEL: A STUDY
Authors: Dr. Subhadra Das Baro
Published: October 2024

In formal educational system the most important stage of education is the secondary stage. Especially the higher secondary stage can be considered as the gateway of building a better career in the life of any student. All students of this stage feel pressure in their study for securing good marks in the exam. Moreover they feel anxiety as well as stress because of preparing themselves for entrance exams. Apart from these there are so many students which use to face several problems, like- poverty, lack of transportation, gender disparity, parent’s illiteracy, natural calamities and superstitions and so on. So it is very difficult to adjust with these kind of situations along with their heavy pressure of study. Sometime the students of secondary level cannot cope up with such type of overloaded situations. Therefore it is very important to keep their mental health in a sound position so that they can tackle their problems and perform their duties properly. They should know about their mental health problems and they should be aware about the importance of mental health. Especially the students of secondary level need to know the various means of development of their mental health. The present study is aimed at creating awareness about the need and importance of mental health among the students. The objectives are-1. To study the problems of mental health of the students. 2. To study the awareness towards mental health among the students.  3. To study the difference between boy and girl students in mental health awareness.
अनुप्रयुक्त कला में प्रौद्योगिकी एकीकरण
Authors: प्रमोद कुमार आर्य  , डॉ. इशरत उल्लाह खान
Published: October 2024

अनुप्रयुक्त कला में प्रौद्योगिकी के एकीकरण ने रचनात्मक परिदृश्य में क्रांति ला दी है, जिससे कलाकारों को अपनी कला का पता लगाने के लिए नए उपकरण और माध्यम उपलब्ध हुए हैं। कलाकारों के पास अब सॉफ्टवेयर और हार्डवेयर टूल की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला तक पहुंच है, जैसे डिजिटल ड्राइंग टैबलेट, ग्राफिक डिजाइन सॉफ्टवेयर और 3डी मॉडलिंग प्रोग्राम, जो उन्हें सटीकता और दक्षता के साथ जटिल और गतिशील टुकड़े तैयार करने में सक्षम बनाते हैं। इसके उपरांत, प्रौद्योगिकी ने विभिन्न कला रूपों के अभिसरण की सुविधा प्रदान की है, जिससे अंतःविषय प्रथाओं का उदय हुआ है। इस प्रकार प्रौद्योगिकी एकीकरण ने कला के अनुभव और उपभोग के तरीके को बदल दिया है। आभासी वास्तविकता (वीआर) और संवर्धित वास्तविकता (एआर) प्रौद्योगिकियां दर्शकों को आभासी क्षेत्रों में ले जाकर गहन और इंटरैक्टिव कला अनुभव प्रदान करती हैं, जहां वे नए और मनोरम तरीकों से कलाकृतियों से जुड़ सकते हैं। इसलिए कहा जा सकता है कि अनुप्रयुक्त कला में प्रौद्योगिकी एकीकरण ने समकालीन कला जगत में कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति, रचनात्मकता, नवीनता और पहुंच को बढ़ावा देने की संभावनाओं का विस्तार किया है।इसलिए इस आलेख के माध्यम से प्रौद्योगिकी एकीकरण, अनुप्रयुक्त कला-हार्डवेयर, अनुप्रयुक्त कला-सॉफ्टवेयर एप्लिकेशन, अनुप्रयुक्त कला का वर्तमान स्वरूप और शिक्षा में अनुप्रयुक्त कला का उल्लेखन किया गया है।
APPLICATION OF THE QEC (QUICK EXPOSURE CHECK) ON THE ERGONOMIC RISKS ASSESSMENT IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD
Authors: Reetu Rani  , Dr. Promila Chahal
Published: October 2024

One of ergonomic problems that often occur in the work place, relating to human strength and endurance while doing the job (biomechanics), is musculoskeletal or muscular strain. For the present study 5 respondents who were factory workers were selected and QEC scale was used for the assessment of the ergonomic risk factors of the respondents. These problems were often occurred by workers who did repetitive movements continuously. The observation of the activities performed by a worker, in order to identify the ergonomic risk factors, lasts between 30 and 60 minutes, this also depending on the complexity of the activity, the anthropometric data of the workers and their experience in performing these activities correctly. Therefore, the application of QEC methodology is not complicated at all, but it requires increased attention, good organization and a good understanding of ergonomic risk factors.
ECONOMIC STABILITY AND NUTRITIONAL CHOICES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOOD EXPENDITURE AND DIETARY QUALITY ACROSS DEVELOPMENT LEVELS
Authors: Adishree Hada
Published: October 2024

Food is essential to human well-being, as it provides the nourishment that ensures a longer, healthier lifespan. As food habits are ever-evolving and economic instability is rising, it is vital to critically analyze the intersection between wealth, health, and societal development. This research investigates the relationship between economic conditions and nutritional choices by analyzing the proportion of household income spent on food and the macronutrient composition of diets in developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries, aiming to understand how economic stability impacts dietary quality and overall health outcomes. It aims to elucidate the intricate dynamics between economic conditions and nutritional choices.
COMPARISON OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE TEACHERS OF HINDI AND ENGLISH MEDIUM SECONDARY SCHOOL TOWARDS DECISION MAKING STYLE PREFRENCES OF THEIR PRINCIPALS
Authors: Dr. S. C. Bahuguna
Published: October 2024

COMPARISON OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE TEACHERS OF HINDI AND ENGLISH MEDIUM SECONDARY SCHOOL TOWARDS DECISION MAKING STYLE PREFRENCES OF THEIR PRINCIPALS
TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN REMOVING HEAVY METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER
Authors: Sushmita Pal  , Piyush Srivastava  , T. P. Singh
Published: October 2024

Fluorides are important contaminants found in effluents from a variety of industries, including electroplating and glass. These are extremely harmful to living things and have a negative impact on their health. Thus, removing fluoride with biosorbents is an important step toward environmental conservation. The untreated discharge of industrial waste water into the environment has long had an impact on human, plant, and animal health. These effluents contain harmful compounds that are not degradable through chemical or microbiological processes. However, they are most likely to accumulate in soil, aquatic environments, and plant organs. The present work investigated the elimination of fluoride utilizing an aquatic plant species, Eichhornia Crassipes (Water Hyacinth) by the method of phytoremediation.
PhET: AN INTERACTIVE SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY FOR LEARNING OUTCOMES BASED TEACHING-LEARNING SCIENCE
Authors: Dheeraj Kumar
Published: October 2024

Recognizing the immense potential of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as an essential part of the teaching-learning process for enhancing connectivity, content, capacity, and collaboration among various stakeholders, the National Education Policy 2020 advocates for education to reach individual learners through both online and offline modes of delivery. NEP-2020 further states that virtual laboratories provide equal access to quality practical and hands-on experiment-based learning experiences for all students. It also emphasizes that the teaching-learning process through games and simulations positively affects the quality of education. Traditionally, these methods have been associated with strong teachers who maintain high degrees of personal contact with learners. They can be utilized by students individually, in groups, or through virtually demonstrated experiments to conduct the required activities. In this area, PhET simulations offer dynamic access to multiple representations, making the invisible visible, scaffolding inquiry, and allowing for safe and quick access to multiple entry points while being engaging and fun for both teachers and students. PhET Interactive Simulations is an online and offline platform developed by the University of Colorado Boulder, featuring more than 159 interactive simulations (56 in Physics, 30 in Chemistry, 48 in Mathematics, 18 in Earth Science, and 7 in Biology) for teaching and learning science from elementary to higher levels. These simulations enable students to conduct experiments more flexibly and interactively using text, video, multimedia, animation, and simulations. They also aid in hands-on, activity-based skill training. This paper focuses on the application of PhET simulations in science education within the current context of digital education. It also examines the status of laboratories in India, the use of PhET simulations for science (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology), the steps involved in accessing and using PhET simulations, the importance of their design and procedures, and their implications for enhancing practical abilities, skills, and assessment.
EXPLANATION OF NULL RESULTS OF MICHELSON AND MORLEY EXPERIMENT BY CLASSICAL MECHANICS PART II
Authors: Dharam Vir Singh
Published: October 2024

Interferometry is the branch of optics in which experiments are conducted on wave nature of light. The light waves are superimposed to generate interference fringes and measurements are made. In these experiments where diffraction and interference are observed, the wavefront of light plays a very important role. While interpreting the results of these experiments the role of wavefront is completely ignored resulting into wrong predictions. In such an experiment conducted by Michelson and Morley to measure the velocity of earth in space the role of wavefront was ignored. It has been established by the results of Fizeau experiment and other similar experiments that speed of light is constant and it is not effected by the motion of source of light and motion of medium in which it propagates. Which later on become the second postulate of special theory of relativity. In the present article null results of Michelson and Morley experiment is discussed in a very different way keeping in view constancy of speed of light, wavefront of light and Huygen's principle according to classical mechanics.
ARTISTIC WAVES: HOW EFFECTIVE IS ART AS A MEDIUM FOR CREATING AWARENESS ABOUT OCEAN POLLUTION?
Authors: Anvika Khaitan
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the effectiveness of using art as a medium for promoting awareness about ocean pollution. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and original survey data collected in New Delhi, the research highlights the critical gap in public knowledge regarding artists and artworks focused on addressing ocean pollution. Despite widespread concern about the harmful impacts of ocean pollution, the survey findings reveal a striking lack of awareness among respondents regarding the role of art in conveying this message. This underscores the need to explore and amplify the potential of artistic interventions in environmental advocacy. Furthermore, by examining case studies such as "Bristol Whales" and "Bridge," which employ recycled materials sourced from the ocean to create compelling narratives, the study illuminates the transformative power of art in building emotional connections and deepening the understanding of complex environmental issues, in this case, ocean pollution. In advocating for increased collaboration between artists, scientists, and policymakers, the research underscores the urgency of leveraging art's communicative prowess to inspire collective action and preserve the fragile ecosystems of our oceans. This study serves as a call to action for harnessing art as a tool for environmental awareness and advocacy in the ongoing fight against ocean pollution.
A STUDY ON ATTITUDE OF PARENTS AND TEACHERS TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUNISHMENT FREE ZONE (PFZ) IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Dr. Menaka Naik
Published: October 2024

A STUDY ON ATTITUDE OF PARENTS AND TEACHERS TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUNISHMENT FREE ZONE (PFZ) IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL