bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial Evaluation of Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Services with Respect to the Health Economics
Authors: Altay Osman , Mutlu Hatice
Published: January 2021

Healthcare interventions are concern of government policies, health service providers, civil society organizations and public. These interventions are mainly criticized with respect to their cost effectiveness. However, economic, social and health benefits of drug addiction rehabilitation services are not well understood and they remain relatively subsidized in comparison to other aspects of healthcare interventions. But, notwithstanding this, drug addiction rehabilitation services are generally financed with public funds in Turkey as like many other countries and this situation become subject to questioning when fiscal policies and cost effectiveness of these services are considered.
Based on this circumstances there is a great need for scientifically sound and practical financial and economic evaluation of substance abuse treatment services. In Turkey, recent legislative developments on substance abuse treatment services provide a baseline for structural evaluation of financial and economic feasibility of these services. In spite of ongoing methodological and empirical developments in economic evaluation of the primary health services, similar studies regarding addiction treatments are very rare in the literature. Correspondingly, methodological guidelines in this area are also very limited.
This study addresses these gaps by presenting a financial and economic evaluation of drug addiction rehabilitation services in Turkey considering urgent need of intervention in this area. Evaluation of these services is based on the basic requirements of a drug addiction rehabilitation center, which is determined by the related legislation in Turkey, and the evaluation was conducted according to the methodological principles presented by EMCDDA, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addictions.
Medical Tourism in the Kyrgyz Republic: Opportunities and Prospective
Authors: Kamalova Anara
Published: January 2021

Tourism world development shows that in recent years medical tourism has been developing rapidly. Tourists trip to other countries not only for rest and have a good time, but also to be treated. In the Kyrgyz Republic, medical tourism has gained popularity relatively recently. Mainly developing external medical tourism. However, Kyrgyzstan has great potential for the development of domestic medical tourism, which is currently receiving not enough attention, and as a result is very poorly developed. This paper tries to discuss the issues of medical tourism successful development in the Kyrgyz Republic, identifies problems and gives recommendations for its further development, since this kind of tourism has significant potential for development. Moreover, this area is one of the ways to increase the overall tourism level in the country's GDP.
Relationship between Exchange Rate and Reserves in EAEU Countries
Authors: Ganiev Junus , Pirimbaev Jusup , Baigonushova Damira
Published: January 2021

The Eurasian Economic Union, which was officially established five years ago, faced many financial and economic problems in this period. After 2014, when sanctions against Russia began, all members’ national currency suffered serious depreciation and central banks had to actively intervene in the foreign exchange market. In fact, Russia and Kazakhstan have changed regime and switched from the fixed to the flexible exchange rate system. Since the foreign exchange market has been more stable in recent years, central banks are trying to complete the reserves that had been lost that period. Therefore, with the change of foreign reserves, money supply is also changing. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the relationship between exchange rates, reserves and money supply in five EAEU countries. Quarterly data for the period 2010-2019 was used to achieve the goal. Toda-Yamamoto causality and ARDL cointegration approach were used as a method. It was concluded that more coordinated execution of monetary and exchange rate policies would be in favor of all members. However, the basic principle should be that all members benefit equally from the cooperation.
Autonomy of Local Governments in Taxation in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Aseinov Dastan
Published: January 2021

The authority for taxation might be delegated to the local governments to expand their financial autonomy through increasing their revenue. This study aims to assess the financial autonomy of local governments in Kyrgyzstan in terms of tax revenues.
The taxing power of local governments examined using local budget data for period of 2007-2017. We use variables as reflecting the level of taxing power. Variables measured as ratio of total local government tax revenue, different types of taxes revenue to the total revenue or to the total tax revenues. This study also looks at the legal framework for delegating taxation powers to local authorities.
The results show that financial autonomy of local governments in terms of taxation is low. Local governments in Kyrgyzstan largely depends on transfers from the central government budget. According to the legal framework, the tax powers of local administrations is within narrow limits. Since increasing the financial autonomy through expanding the taxing power of local governments poses problems this needs to be solved, like a narrow tax base and inefficient tax administration in the regions. Thus, it can be argued that it is too early to transfer taxation power to local governments.
External Debt Sustainability in the Eurasian Economic Union Countries
Authors: Ganiev Junus , Baigonushova Damira
Published: January 2021

After the global financial crisis, there have been serious increases in state debt of most countries. In addition, the debts for economic development are constantly increasing in the Eurasian Economic Union countries. As a result, the sustainability problem of government debt arises. In some countries, such as Kyrgyzstan, a significant portion of government debt is taken from a single country. This situation increases the risk even more. The aim of the study is to analyze the sustainability of state debts comparatively in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. To this end, the current state of government and total external debt were analyzed in light of various sustainability rates. The ratio of government debt and debt service to variables such as Gross Domestic Product and export was determined and compared. ADF and PP unit root tests and quarterly data for the period 2008-2019 was used to determine the stability of external debt. According to the empirical results, it is showed that the external debt is unsustainable in EAEU countries. Therefore, they need to implement rational policies on external debt management, in both the public and private sectors.
The Relationships between Military Expenditures and Innovations and Technological Goods Export
Authors: Gerni Cevat , Sarı Selahattin , Yurttançıkmaz Ziya Çağlar , Emsen Ömer Selçuk
Published: January 2021

Technological developments resulting from military expenditures increase competitiveness. This fact also increases exports based on military technology and foreign currency revenues. Indirectly, the increased competitiveness in the military sector contributes to the development of technologies that can be used in the civilian field after a while. It also contributes positively to the export revenues of the country by creating competitive power in the civilian sectors with the delayed effects of the superiority in the military field. Therefore, military expenditures, which are generally described as inefficient expenditures, are expected to both encourage innovation and, when used in civilian areas, stimulate, the high-tech exports. This study aims at investigating the relationships among military expenditures and inventiveness as a measure of efficiency of military expenditures, and high technology goods which are the reflection of efficiency in inventiveness. In the study covering 16 countries and the period of 1991-2018, panel regression estimates are made. As a result of the regression estimates, military expenditures seem to affect the patent positively, so findings support the first hypothesis. The effect of military expenditures on the medium and high technology goods exports is, contrary to the expectation, negative; which means the second hypothesis is not supported. This result might require studies covering much longer periods.
How Do the Volume and Maturity of Debt Relate to Investment Efficiency? The Case of Asia
Authors: Poursoleiman Ehsan , Mansourfar Gholamreza , Abidin Sazali
Published: January 2021

This study aims to investigate the impact of debt volume and maturity on investment efficiency. It also analyzes the role of debt maturity in the association between debt volume and investment efficiency. The sample consists of 8,741 firm-year observations from 1,301 Asian corporations, covering the period 2007-2017. Financial leverage is employed as a proxy for debt volume as well as short-term debt for debt maturity. The findings reveal that debt volume and short-term debt are inversely related to investment efficiency. It also shows that the negative relationship between financial leverage and investment efficiency is weaker (closer to zero) for firms with higher use of short-term debt than those with lower use of short-term debt. This paper tries out agency and information asymmetry theories and provides practical implications regarding the optimal capital structure for firms headquartered in Asia.
Corruption and its Effects on Macroeconomy
Authors: Yılmazcan Dilek , Cifci Hasan Basri
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the issue of corruption and its effects on macroeconomy, especially on public expenditures, financing balance, investments, and savings. The issue is going to be discussed based on empirical evidence (such as CPI Reports and Indexes) regarding where and how the macroeconomic ingredients are sensitive to the corruption. The aim is to contribute unreconciled discussions from the perspective of economy of corruption. The corruption level is low in the developed countries where public spending or tax revenues are higher than national income; however, because of silent or weak structures of institutional control and fiscal transparency, the level of corruption is high in Turkey and Eurasian economies. Such difference has important macroeconomic impacts in those countries with higher levels of corruption. Public goods and services are inputs of private productive activities. States finance such inputs through taxes that are collected from taxpayers. If this financing process is influenced by corruption, efficiency of the public expenditures’ decreases. And, that causes a sharp decrease in the total amount of invested capital since the growing level of corruption jeopardizes the risk of making an investment. And, increase in the level of corruption negatively affects the general level of prices and lowers income per capita. Thus, it seems that higher level of corruption is in a negative relationship with the level of public investments, public revenues, savings, quality of public goods and services, efficiency of public investments and public financing balance.
Integration Processes of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the World Economy
Authors: İsmayilov Ramin
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the economic development characteristics of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the natural resources and production of Azerbaijan. After the independence, the policy of the new market economy followed by the Azerbaijani state and government and plans of how the developed countries will integrate their economic practice will be examined. With the new investments in the country and the introduction of the products to be produced in the world markets, the steps and plans to strengthen the economic relations with the world will be discussed. The role of Azerbaijan in the world economy, its foreign-economic relations with other states and continents were analyzed extensively. Proposals have been made to further develop and upgrade existing economic relations.
Layanan Informasi Publik Dan Pengaduan Masyarakat Pemerintah Kota Kupang
Authors: Payong Yohanes
Published: January 2021

Informasi semakin dibutuhkan oleh banyak orang untuk mengembangkan kepribadian pada lingkungan sosialnya. Layanan terhadap infpormasi publik dan pengaduan masyarakt menjadi hak pokok bagi warga negara. Amanat UU No 14 Tahun 2008 Tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik, terdapat beberapa jenis informasi sebagai berikut: informasi yang wajib disediakan dan diumumkan secara berkala, informasi yang wajib diumumkan secara serta merta, informsi yang tersedia setiap saat. Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) pada Pemerintah Kota Kupang belum sepenuhnya melaksanakan amanat UU tersebut diatas. Berdasarkan unit atau bagian yang menangani informasi publik, OPD pada Pemerintah Kota Kupang terdapat 35% (OPD) menyatakan sudah ada namun masih berada di salah satu bagian tertentu, dan belum secara spesifik pada salah satu unit. Sedangkan unit yang ditugaskan untuk menagani pengaduan masyarakat terdapat 32% (OPD) yang sudah ada unit/bagian namun berada pada bidang/bagian tertentu. Terkait dengan layanan informasi kepada masyarakat mayoritas OPD 48% menggunakan melalui sosial mediauntuk menyampaikan layanan informasi kepada masyarakat. Sedangkan menggunakan website hanya 2 OPD, hal ini disebabkan minimnya OPD yang memiliki website atau portal. Sementara media yang digunakan untuk memantau progress atau perkembangan layanan pengaduan masyarakat terdapat penggunaan media 38% OPD menggunakan email/telpon. Rata-rata layanan informasi publik dengan nilai 54,7% dengan kategori kriteria “Tidak Baik”. Untuk itu diperlukan adanya peningkatan kinerja OPD terkait hal tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis gap terdapat nilai harapan lebih besar dari persepsi, terdapat kriteria kesenjangan adalah Tidak Puas dengan nilai antara 29 sampai 40. Hal ini menunjukan bahawa semua kondisi OPD terkait layanan informasi publik maupun pengaduan masyarakat tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Demikian halnya dengan media untuk akses informasi publik dan layanan pengaduan masih jauh dari harapan.
Perkembangan Kapasitas Fiskal dan Ruang Fiskal Kota Kupang, 2010-2019
Authors: Fanggidae Frits O
Published: January 2021

Dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2019), kapasitas fiskal dan ruang fiskal Pemerintah Kota Kupang mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun. Peningkatan tersebut memberi dampak positif bagi peningkatan solvabilitas fiskal daerah dan diskresi yang semakin luas bagi Kepala Daerah untuk membiayai program prioritasnya. Di dalam dinamikanya, besarnya kapasitas dan ruang fiskal sangat peka terhadap perubahan PAD. Setiap peningkatan PAD sebesar 1% dapat meningkatkan kapasitas fiskal sebesar 2,69% dan ruang fiskal sebesar 2,11%. Dengam demikian peningkatan PAD menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan ruang fiskal daerah. Peningkatan PAD yang dimaksud dapat dilakukan secara sistematis, terukur dan berkelanjutan, melalui ekstensifikasi dan intensifikasi basis pendapatan daerah.
Semicontinuous Fermentation of Cassava by Streptococcus bovis Using Membrane Bioreactor to Produce Lactic Acid
Authors: Yuwono Suripto D. , Simanjuntak Wasinton , Fitriani  , Kokugan Takao , Hadi Sutopo
Published: January 2021

The main objective of this study is to compare the production of lactic acid from cassava by Streptococcus bovis in semicontinuous system with and without membrane separation. Fermentation was run for 72 h, and membrane filtration was performed using micro filtration membrane (MF). The results obtained demonstrate that higher productivity of lactic acid was achieved using fermentation coupled with membrane separation. It was also found that dilution rate (D) of 0.02 h-1 led to slight increase in the lactic acid productivity. Despite this small increase, this investigation shows that membrane separation has the potential to improve the performance of semicontinuous fermentation system.
Assessment of Lead and Zinc Profile from Vehicle Emission in Roadside Fodder Plants
Authors: Ahmad Kafeel , Sana Naila , Nazar Sonaina , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Bashir Humayun , Nadeem Muhammad , Akhter Pervaiz , Munir Mudasra , Mahmoud Ahmed Hossam , Mohammed Osama B , Ashfaq Asma , Malik Ifra Saleem
Published: January 2021

Due to increasing population and increasing number of automobiles the fodder samples were collected from Khushab District along the roadside to examine the heavy metal contamination. It was a serious issue because animals consume these contaminated fodders and then they enters the food chain where they cause toxicity. Five fodder plants Pennisetum glaucum, Trifolium alexandrinum, Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays and Brassica compestris were selected for sampling. The sampling of selected fodder plants and their soil was done during November which was the driest season of Khushab city and the dust and smoke was present on the fodder plants. The samples were air and oven dried. Then subjected to digestion. Acid digestion was done with Nitric acid (HNO3), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Hydrogen chloride (HCL). The samples become transparent and the heavy metal analysis of both soil and fodder samples was done through Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AASP). Lead and zinc heavy metals were analyzed. The pollution load index was lower than 1 which indicates that there was low concentration of metal in soil of the collected samples of the current study. It was obtained that the soil was less polluted. The daily intake of metals was lower than 1 that concluded that they were at safe limit during consumption. The present study showed the enrichment concentration of metals greater than 1 it means these metals were present in both soil and fodder samples growing near roadside.
Contributions of Petri Nets to the Reliability and Availability of an Electrical Power System in a Big European Hospital - A Case Study
Authors: Pinto Constâncio António , Farinha José Torres , Singh Sarbjeet
Published: January 2021

The energy power supply infrastructure of a hospital, to function correctly, needs to be well maintained to ensure its reliability and, by consequence, the maximum integrated availability. In this paper, the authors propose the use of Petri Nets to help the improvement of the electric power system reliability, having as a case study a big European Hospital. The purpose of the research is to identify and analyse the potential failures of the system and to suggest solutions to improve the operations and maintenance to maximise the availability and reliability of those assets through possible and objective answers. It was necessary to develop a diagnosis and planning methodology to assess the reliability of several components of the energy power supply system. It is dynamic modelling based on a block diagram of the system and transposed to representation by Petri Nets. The analysis and the simulation of the discrete events of the system, as well as the visualisation of the process functioning and the communications inside, was made. Additionally, they were referred to other approaches, like the Fuzzy Petri Nets and Stochastic Petri Nets, as well as a future balance about its application in a situation like the analysed in this paper
String Matching untuk Mendeteksi Serangan Sniffing (ARP Spoofing) pada IDS Snort
Authors: Ilham Firdaus  , Januar Al Amien  , Soni Soni
Published: January 2021

Sniffing technique (ARP Spoofing) is an attack that sends fake ARP packets or ARP packets that have been modified according to the network address attacker's to poison the victim's ARP cache table. ARP spoofing attack is a dangerous attack because it can monitor the activities of victims in searching the browser and can steal social logins, office and other accounts. This attack supports the occurrence of other computer network attacks such as Denial of service, Man in the middle attack, host impersonating and others. Sniffing attacks are generally found in places that provide public Wi-Fi such as campus, libraries, cafes, and others. IDS Snort can detect sniffing attacks (Arp Spoofing). String Matching Method KMP algorithm is applied to detect attacks on snort logging files to provide alerts (messages) to users. Tests carried out are black box testing to test application functionality, and accuracy testing. All application functionality was successful, and testing the accuracy of the match between manual calculations for string matching and accurate application.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Mobile Pengenalan Huruf Jawa (Aksara Jawa) Berbasis Android
Authors: Indah Puji Astuti  , Ega Feri Romawati  , Ida Widaningrum
Published: January 2021

Technological developments, especially smart phones, have been widely applied in the education sector. One example is the number of mobile-based learning media. Javanese language, especially Javanese script, has begun to erode because it is very rare nowadays to learn Javanese. The many forms of writing and also terms in Javanese script sometimes make us lazy and reluctant to learn them. In this study, the authors made an application as an Android-based learning media for learning Javanese characters. The application is equipped with a voice reading character so that users can easily understand the material. In addition, the application is equipped with a quiz to review the user's ability to learn Javanese script. Android based was chosen because the smart phone owned in addition to communication media can also be used for learning media. This research uses the waterfall system method. The stages used are analysis, design, coding and testing. The results of the black box testing on this application show that the application is running well according to its function.
Implementasi Aplikasi Berbasis Teknologi IoT pada Perangkat Tracking dan Kendali Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Ade Irma  , Nasron  , Martinus Mujur Rose
Published: January 2021

The increasing use of vehicles, especially motorbikes, has the potential to increase motor vehicle theft cases. The increase in motorcycle theft cases can occur due to the weakness of the owner in installing a motorcycle security system, so that it has the potential to experience losses due to theft. An indication of the problem is how to develop an application that can be used to carry out tracking that can display the position of the vehicle with integrated maps and vehicle control remotely in the event of a vehicle theft. The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology as well as information and communication technology can now be used to develop an application for wireless vehicle monitoring and control. So that it can make it easier for vehicle owners to track and control the vehicle to minimize vehicle loss. In this study using MIT App Inventor as an application development platform and using ThingSpeak as an IoT database server. Furthermore, the application will be integrated with the Tracking Device device consisting of a microcontroller, Global Positioning System (GPS) module, and a DC relay installed on the vehicle, utilizing an internet connection as a link between the application and the tracking device. The result is that vehicle position data can be displayed through a mobile application with map visualization integrated with google maps and the user can turn off or turn on the vehicle through the application with the farthest distance that has been successfully tested of 141 km. The time for the tracking device to respond to commands from the application varies from 5 to 20 seconds depending on the strength of the internet connection used.

Keywords : Internet of Things (IoT), Tracking Device, Global Positioning System (GPS), mikrokontroler.
SQLite Sebagai Pengganti Lucene.Net pada Pencarian Produk Toko Online
Authors: Imam Farisi  , Mukhaimy Gazali  , Rudy Anshari
Published: January 2021

A business institution can promote their products in its online shop. With the promotion of online stores, consumers can find out which products are sold at the store. Consumers who are looking for a product can search based on various attributes of goods that are scattered in various fields in the database table, and can even be spread across different tables. All attributes that point to an item are collected in one document which will be searched using the Full Text Search system. Two alternatives to the Full Text Search system were selected; Lucene.Net and Sqlite Full Text Search. Before actually being used, these two search system alternatives were tested first. In document storage size, Lucene.Net is superior by 6.78 times. The speed of writing Sqlite search documents is superior by between 1,875 times to 5,197 times. In terms of key search speed, Lucene.Net was superior by between 1,169 and 1,698 times. Based on the consideration of the speed and development of Lucene.Net Core which is still in beta stage, Sqlite Full Text Search is suitable for use in the product search process in the Online Store.
Peningkatan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Dengan Pemanfaatan Pekarangan Rumah Di Desa Lubuk Sakat
Authors: Fitrios Ruhul , Armaini  , Restu Agusti
Published: January 2021

Kemiskinan dimaknai sebagai kekurangan atas pemenuhan kebutuhan barang-barang dan pelayanan-pelayanan untuk mencapai suatu standar hidup yang lebih baik. Untuk mengurangi kemismikinan diperlukan upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan cara meningkatkan kemampuan dan potensi yang dimiliki masyarakat, mewujudkan jati diri secara maksimal untuk bertahan dan mengembangkan diri secara mandiri. Pemberdayaan keluarga miskin tidak cukup dengan pemberian bantuan modal, tetapi dengan kebijakan yang lebih mendasar dan berorientasi pada rakyat. Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dilakukan upaya melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan cara memanfaatkan lahan yang tersedia di lingkungan rumah tangga dengan menanam tanaman produktif. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pemanfaatan lahan di lingkungan rumah tangga dengan penanaman cabe rawit mampu meningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga. Pemanfaatan lahan di lingkungan rumah tangga mampu membantu memecahkan masalah eknomi rumah tangga peserta kegiatan.
Budidaya Ikan Lele (Clarias SP) Dengan Sistim Kolam Bioflok Pada Pokdakan Tanah Berongga-Sido Urep
Authors: Baihaqi Baihaqi , Imam Hadi Sutrisno  , Zidni Ilman Navia
Published: January 2021

The proposed community service (PKM) aims to develop a biofloc system in catfish farming at Pokdakan Tanah Berongga- Sido Urep. The goal of the activity is  providing new knowledge about catfish cultivation with a biofloc system. The target of this program is Pokdakan Tanah Berongga-Sido Urep. The main problem faced by the group is the catfish activities are still carried out conventionally using ground and stone ponds. These activities like affected to on environmental distruction especially the soil structure that has been eroded by the cultivation activities.  The activities  carried out such as: 1) Socialization of catfish culture with a biofloc  system, 2) Provision of tools and materials for the manufacture of biofloc ponds, 3) Training for making biofloc ponds, 4) Distribution of catfish seedlings in biofloc ponds, 5) Catfish enlargement in biofloc ponds and 6) Harvesting catfish. The PKM team will also provide assistance during the activity. At the end of the activity, an evaluation and follow-up action plan (RTL) will be carried out so that the business carried out by partners can continue so that an independent business group can be realized
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan pada BUMDes Desa Balesari
Authors: Kartika Pradana Suryatimur  , Siti Afidatul Khotijah  , Panji Kusuma Prasetyanto
Published: January 2021

This community service program aims to provide an understanding of financial reports to BUMDes administrators. This program is implemented for BUMDes management in Balesari Village, Windusari District, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province. The service method used is training and discussion. The result of this activity is that BUMDes administrators can understand and prepare financial reports well. Previously, BUMDes management only recorded cash disbursements and income, did not classify transactions that occurred, so that the financial reports could not provide appropriate financial information. By having a basic understanding of accounting, BUMDes management can classify each transaction and record it according to the account, so that BUMDes' financial reports are tidier and can provide good information to their users.
Pelatihan Penulisan Laporan Litmas Di Bapas Kelas 1 Banjarmasin
Authors: Jamiatul Hamidah  , Akhmad Syakir  , Sri Normuliati  , Istiqamah Istiqamah
Published: January 2021

Bapas plays a role in mentoring clients and one of his duties is to make community research reports (Litmas). Considering the importance and importance of Litmas in helping judges to make a right and fair decision, to determine appropriate coaching therapy, the Litmas report must be able to provide a clear picture of the background of the client's life, both in the past and after becoming a client. All problems contained in life and the social environment are covered in the Litmas content report. The purpose of this activity is to: (1) Improve the ability to write scientific papers of PK. (2) Improve understanding of Indonesian spelling rules. (3) Provide training in writing narrative from interviews and observations. The activity was carried out for one day which was divided into 3 sessions. From the results of the activity, it was concluded that many Litmas writing violated the rules of the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling. In addition, the obstacle faced by PK in writing Litmas is the difficulty in transforming the data obtained in the field into narrative form.
Guided Inquiry-Based E-Handout Development Using Seasons and Ecliptic Simulator to Improve Understanding of Seasons Concepts
Authors: Dhamayanti Indah , Ishafit Ishafit
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop instructional media in the form of guided inquiry-based e-handout using seasons and ecliptic simulator which is suitable to be used to support the learning process of seventh grade SMP/MTs students. The research method uses the ADDIE model which includes five stages, namely the analysis stage (analyze), the planning stage (design), the development stage (develop), the implementation stage (implement) and the evaluation stage (evaluate). Research instruments include e-handout, pretest / post-test learning outcome, student response questionnaires, validation sheets. Through the developed e-handout, it is expected to improve mastery of the physics concept of seasons. E-handout learning has gone through the validation test stage with a score of 3.51 with a very good category so that it is declared feasible according to material experts to be used as a learning medium in the classroom. The improvement of student learning outcomes through the use of guided inquiry-based e-handout using seasons and ecliptic simulator to increase students' understanding of the concept of seasons is indicated by a standard gain value of 0.66 in the moderate category. Thus, the development of guided inquiry-based e-handouts using seasons and ecliptic simulator is suitable to be used as a science/ physics learning medium and able to improve understanding of seasons concepts.
ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE-TYPE-SPECIFIC HEADWAYS ON TWO-LANE ROADS WITH MIXED TRAFFIC
Authors: Roy Rupali , Saha Pritam
Published: January 2021

Time headway is an important microscopic traffic flow parameter, which affects safety, level-of-service, capacity and traffic simulation. It is, therefore, important to know the specific distribution for a particular roadway and traffic condition. Further, headway between two vehicles depends on the type of lead vehicle and is influenced by its size and dynamics. Such impact is considerably high on two-lane roads with mixed traffic composed of a wide variety of vehicle types. This paper identified sixteen combinations of vehicle pairs and analysed vehicle-type-specific headways using field data. Appropriate distribution functions were fitted to field data and predictive models were used in understanding carfollowing behaviour. Observations indicate that quite often bike riders become reluctant in obeying lane discipline. However, car drivers show conservative attitude and usually, keep safe distance from the lead vehicle except the case when they follow another car. In addition, while following Non-Motorized Vehicles (NMV), most of the drivers keep reasonably safe distances. In this paper, a comparison of computed headway probabilities was also made with those obtained from more or less homogeneous traffic. It was found that values obtained in current study are high in most of the instances. This indicates risk-taking behaviour of driver population, which eventually affects safety of such roads. The present study, thus, demonstrates the need of investigating vehicle-type-specific headways under mixed traffic based on comprehensive field data.
Development and validation of a fast and simple HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of bisoprolol and enalapril in dosage form
Authors: Piponski Marjan , Balkanov Trajan , Logoyda Liliya
Published: January 2021

Aim. We aimed to develop and validate fast, simple, accurate, robust and rugged chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of bisoprolol fumarate and enalaril maleate in solid pharmaceutical dosage form, with using chaotropic strong chaotropic perchlorate anions in composition of mobile phase.

Materials and methods. Fast simple HPLC method for simultaneous determination of bisoprolol and enalapril in solid pharmaceutical dosage forms was developed, with perfect peak symmetries eluting at 4.7 and 5.2 miutes, with mobile phase composed of methanol and diluted perchloric acid pumped with 1ml/min on Zorbax Rx C8 250x4.6mm, 5um column thermostated at 42 °C, and monitored UV signal at 214nm. Mobile phase was composed of 55%methanol and 45% perchloric acid (0.07%v/v).

Results. Usage of presence of perchloric anions showed very useful role in peak shape and chromatogram view, due to distinguished chaotropic characteristics of perchlorate anions on molecules containing nitrogen atoms in molecular structures of analytes, in acidic pH environment. Linearity was examined and proven at different concentration levels in the range of working concentration of bisoprolol (20–200 ug/ml) and enalapril (20–200 ug/ml). The methods achieved very good validation parameters, with determined LOQ about 0.032 mg/ml and LOD about 0.003 mg/ml for bisoprolol, and LOQ about 0.045 mg/ml and LOD 0.005 mg/ml for enalapril. The high value of recoveries obtained for bisoprolol and enalapril indicates that the proposed method was found to be accurate.

Conclusion. A new fast and simple, but selective, accurate, precise and robust HPLC method for simultaneous determination of bisoprolol and enalapril in tablets was developed and many possible variations of the same were suggested. The developed method for the simultaneous quantification of bisoprolol and enalapril from solid dosage formulations offers simplicity essential for quality control of a large number of samples in short time intervals, which is necessary for routine analysis.
La construction en terre crue dans l’Antiquité en Algérie : historiographie et données archéologiques
Authors: Amraoui Touatia
Published: January 2021

Les découvertes récentes réalisées dans des sites datant des époques préromaine et romaine au Maghreb révèlent l’emploi de la terre crue dans l’architecture locale. Cette étude se propose de faire le point sur la question pour le terrain algérien à travers une enquête historiographique centrée principalement sur les rapports de fouilles et les documents d’archives. Elle aboutit à un inventaire provisoire des découvertes appartenant à l’architecture privée mais également à l’architecture militaire. Elle montre aussi que l’état d’esprit des fouilleurs au début du xxe s. vis-à-vis du matériau terre crue était assez négatif, ce qui expliquerait en partie un nombre d’attestations encore faible sur ce territoire pour l’Antiquité.
Conflits, tensions et recrutements : les Mauri gentiles
Authors: Christol Michel
Published: January 2021

L’inventaire des diplômes militaires associant,
au sein de l’armée de Dacie Supérieure, des soldats détachés de
l’armée d’Afrique et de l’armée de Maurétanie Césarienne afin
d’encadrer des recrues appelées Mauri gentiles, permet de revenir sur
le sens de la politique d’Antonin le Pieux et d’envisager le
traitement juridique de ces troupes recrutées à l’extérieur de
l’Empire romain.
The Effect of Ultrasonic Pre-Treatment on the Temperature Controlled Infrared Drying of Loligo Vulgaris and Comparison with the Microwave Drying
Authors: Ozyalcin Zehra Ozden , Kipcak Azmi Seyhun
Published: January 2021

In this study the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment (US-IR) on the thin-layer infrared (IR) drying kinetics and modelling of Loligo Vulgaris (Squid) were studied and obtained data were compared with the microwave drying (MW). In each three methods, effective moisture diffusivities (Deff) and activation energies (Ea) were determined. According to the drying curves Loligo Vulgaris the highest drying times were found in IR and the lowest drying times were found in MW methods. Therefore, ultrasonic pretreatment decreased the drying times. Drying takes place in the falling-rate period generally. Midilli & Kucuk model best fit the experimental data for each method with the coefficient of determination (R2) values higher than 0.995. Highest Deff values were found in MW method and calculated between 1.25x10-8 - 5.62x10-8 m2/s, and the lowest Deff values were found in IR method and calculated between 6.57 × 10-10 - 1.35 × 10-9 m2/s. Moreover, Ea values were found 35.20 and 37.12 kJ/mol for IR and US-IR, and 35.43 for MW methods. Drying time, temperature and power levels lead to color changes.
ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LA ACTIVIDAD PSICOACTIVA DE PASSIFLORAS DE LA PROVINCIA DE CHIMBORAZO
Authors: Vinueza Diego , Pilco Gisela , Acosta Karen , Tierra Patricia , Noboa Patricio , Abdo Susana
Published: January 2021

La variedad climática y la ubicación territorial del Ecuador favorece la diversidad biológica en el país. Sin embargo, debido a la presencia de gran número de flora y fauna por kilómetro cuadrado, la mayor parte no se encuentra estudiada, y a pesar de no contar con argumento científico para el uso de algunas especies vegetales, la población utiliza muchas de éstas para diferentes patologías, por lo que se realizó el estudio farmacológico de seis especies del género Passiflora de la provincia de Chimborazo – Ecuador, empleadas tradicionalmente para tratar el nerviosismo. Para la identificación se llevó a cabo un perfil de cromatografía en capa fina de cada especie, de los que se pudieron determinar cantidades considerables de moléculas con agrupamiento de tipo flavónico y cuantificación de los flavonoides totales. De las especies estudiadas P. manicata se destacó por su elevado contenido de flavonoides totales usando el método de cloruro de aluminio para derivatizar los compuestos de interés y poder evaluarlos mediante espectrofotometría UV-visible. Mientras que para la actividad farmacológica se llevó a cabo in vivo mediante el modelo de laberinto en cruz elevado. De los resultados obtenidos se ha logrado determinar que al menos dos de las seis especies tienen actividad ansiolítica significativa a las dosis de 25 y 50 mg/kg de extracto hidroalcohólico, siendo P. mixta y P. edulis las especies vegetales que en su composición presentarían constituyentes bioactivos para tal efecto.
ESTUDIO DE LA CINÉTICA DE DETERIORO DE PATACONES PREFRITOS CONGELADOS COMO ALIMENTO DERIVADO DEL PLÁTANO VERDE (MUSA PARADISIACA)
Authors: Muñoz Shugulí Cristina , Patiño Vidal Cristian , Muñoz Jácome Eduardo
Published: January 2021

El patacón es un producto elaborado a base de plátano verde y es uno de los alimentos más consumidos por países productores de plátano. Industrialmente, este podría constituir un alimento innovador de ex- portación, pero la producción y parámetros importantes de su vida útil no han sido estudiados. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la cinética de algunos parámetros más importantes de conservación de patacones prefritos y congelados. Para esto, se realizó un estudio de vida útil acelerada a tres temperaturas de almacenamiento: 5 °c, 20 °c y 30 °c. se determinó el cambio en el brillo y color de los patacones a través un sistema de visión computacional y la pérdida de peso mediante méto- do gravimétrico. El brillo (l*) siguió una cinética de primer orden y fue ligeramente dependiente de la temperatura de almacenamiento mientras que el cambio de color (ΔE2000) y el porcentaje de pérdida de peso siguieron una cinética de orden cero, siendo el color el parámetro más susceptible a la temperatura de almacenamiento.
Is it time to reconsider the ban on non-therapeutic pre-implantation sex selection?
Authors: Thaldar Donrich
Published: January 2021

N/A
Analysis of Placenta with SARS-CoV-2 and Fetal Death: Case Report
Authors:   School of Medicne, Universidade Federal do Cariri – UFCA, Barbalha Ceará, Brazil, Feitosa Machado Sávio Samuel , de Sousa Tavare Wladia Gislaynne , Sá de Quenta Isabella , Pereira Lopes José Maurício , Sampaio Cruz Allana Maria Garcia , Gomes Feitosa Pedro Walisson , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The pandemic of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has unfolded at a remarkable speed, presenting unprecedented challenges for society and for health systems. The experience with coronavirus infections during pregnancy is still limited, requiring analysis regarding the impact of SARSCoV-2 on the health of pregnant women and newborns. We aimed to report a case of fetal death of a pregnant woman with COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 identified in the placenta with morphological repercussions. Case Report: Primigravida, 39 years old, gestation initially twinned, evolved non-evolution of the second embryo, verified in ultrasound evaluation in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the course of 35 weeks, she reported watery diarrhea, without blood or mucus, with progressive worsening, about 10 to 12 episodes in 24 hours, associated with diffuse colicky abdominal pain. She denies having other symptoms. 48 hours after the onset of diarrhea, the pain worsened, radiating bilaterally into the lumbar region, in addition to prostration and asthenia, seeking emergency care at a maternity hospital. Physical examination revealed active labor (9 cm dilation), rupture of ovular membranes and lack of fetal vitality by cardiac auscultation and evaluation of fetal movement. A cesarean section was performed, in which fetal death was confirmed. Soon after the procedure, still in the delivery room, a naso-oropharyngeal swab was collected from the patient, and SARS-CoV-2 was detected through RT-PCR technique. Conclusion: The maternal surface of the placenta had an area of previous infarction and an area of recent infarction, peripheral, making up about 20% of the organ and the placental cuts showed white bundles. The fetal membranes had thickened and yellowish areas. Histopathological examination of the placenta showed diffuse villitis, characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, in addition to intervillositis with areas of intense intervillous fibrin deposition. Swab collection was performed from the placental cut surface for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, which was positive. The naso-oropharyngeal swab of the fetus was negative
Solutions of the HACCP issues in live kvass production
Authors: Siyukhov Kh. R. , Marinenko O. V. , Boyko I. E. , Victorova D. P.
Published: January 2021

Currently, one of the main tasks facing manufacturers is the development and implementation of the HACCP system in the production of high-quality food products. In Russia the conformity of HACCP systems is confirmed by certification. In February 2001, the Gosstandart of Russia registered the HACCP voluntary certification system. It’s purpose is to control all hazardous factors that are likely to threaten the safety of food products. The article discusses the issue associated with solving the problems of ensuring safety of live kvass production at all technological stages. In our research a block diagram of the technological process for the production of «Maykopsky Chestny» kvass at LLC «MPC» Maykop Brewery plant has been analyzed and compared with the standard kvass production scheme. Potentially dangerous factors (physical, chemical, biological) have been analyzed. Critical control points (CCP) have been determined at certain stages of the technological process on the basis of the list of significant hazardous factors. The «Decision tree» method has been (GOST R 51705.1-2001) to select critical control points. This method makes it possible to determine whether this stage of the technological process is critical. The CCP have been determined by analyzing each considered hazardous factor separately and considering all the operations included in the production process diagram sequentially. In the research the situations have been considered that might reveal exceedance of fixed critical limits in the CCP and for this purpose corrective actions have been developed. The research results on the development of the HACCP system at LLC «MPK» Maykop Brewery plant will make it possible to obtain high quality live kvass.
Development of a university healthy diet system: high student cuisine
Authors: Khatko Z. N. , Karamushko G. V. , Kolotiy T. B. , Lyubimova L. V.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the research is to develop a university system of healthy nutrition, which determines the preservation and strengthening of students’ health by optimizing their nutrition in educational institutions, using an innovative menu and «high cuisine» techniques to organize a high-class student cafe. The used terminology, graphic materials and tools comply with GOST R ISO 21500-2014; UNIDO business planning methodology; methodology for developing EBRD business strategy. The peculiarities of eating behavior of students of Maykop State Technological University and the Adygh State University of the Republic of Adygea have been investigated. Peculiarities of students’ perception of the quality of services of public catering enterprises, an assessment of the structure of expenses for the acquisition of various dishes at catering enterprises, an assessment of the impact of the social status of students on the structure of consumption of products of public catering enterprises, etc. have been considered. Particular attention is paid to identifying nutritional problems existing among students in the region. On the basis of the research the directions for improving healthy nutrition of students have been identified. A university system of healthy nutrition for students has been developed, based on the philosophy of youth taste and preferences: food behavior and reasonable quality: balance in basic substances, with specified beneficial properties, a recommended diet consisting only of healthy food products. The developed system of healthy nutrition will ensure the formation and development of food culture: aesthetic taste for food and its consumption in order to reorient young people from fast and unhealthy nutrition to a healthy diet, using «high cuisine» techniques (careful preparation and careful presentation of dishes / products designed to form a sustainable high motivation for healthy eating, which persists throughout the rest of life, the quality of which can be predicted with predominant indicators. Increasing the efficiency of a public catering enterprise for students will ensure the use of the procurement automation system; takeaway cooking and delivery service; QR-code is a progressive way to get accurate on-line statistics; electronic menu.