bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loneliness as a Philosophical Problem
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Balapashev B.S. , Tursynbayeva A.O. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shimshek H.A. ,   Kastamonu University
Published: October 2023

Being one of the important issues of philosophy, the phenomenon of loneliness is in the attention of some other sciences, such as psychology, pedagogy, linguistics, sociology, cultural and religion studies. The problem of loneliness becomes the most relevant and acute in the context of the modern lifestyle. Understanding the phenomenon of loneliness leads to an understanding of the essence of man, but the problem of loneliness is ambiguous. The main research methods are description, classification, systematization and comparison of research data based on cultural, anthropological, hermeneutic, cognitive analysis, synthesis and generalization of domestic and foreign sources. Phenomenology and existentialism have been developed and systematized in the philosophical consideration of loneliness. Phenomenology considered loneliness from the point of view of intersubjectivity, i.e., the possibility or impossibility of a person’s epistemological connection with other people, the recognition of their common being, and the loneliness of the “I”. In existentialism, loneliness became the principle of a closed anthropological universe, and internal isolation became the basis of individual existence. However, the existing socio-philosophical approaches and directions related to loneliness are considered insufficiently developed, since these approaches are not enough to reveal its subtleties. As a result of studying loneliness as a philosophical problem, it was determined that it is common to all people, but has different characteristics for each person. In world philosophy, there are conflicting views on the problem of loneliness, which has become a common phenomenon in our society since ancient times: 1) loneliness was considered a positive initiative from the point of view of intellectual loneliness, which was allowed in ancient society; 2) loneliness was seen as a multifaceted, insidious disease among social diseases, multifaceted, insidious, dangerous to health, against happiness, having negative qualities, causing discontent. Thus, intellectual seclusion was allowed in ancient society, and served the sages and philosophers.
Socio-philosophical aspects of the adaptation of students studying under the program “Serpin”
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Beissenova A.A. , Zhumassultanova G.A. ,   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the issues of social adaptation of students studying under the program “Serpin-2050”in the university space. The social and educational conditions of educational organizations participating in the implementation of the state program “Mangilik El Zhastary –industriyaga!” –“Serpin-2050” are analyzed. The reasons for the adoption of the social program “Serpin -2050”, which involves educational migration from the southern labor-surplus regions of the country to the northern, eastern and western regions of Ka-zakhstan experiencing a shortage of workers, are explained. The issues of socio-cultural adaptation of the Serpinov students of the Karaganda University named after Academician E.A. Buketov studying under this program are being studied, which, despite the fact that the university administration is making considerable efforts to improve its social infrastructure, still remain relevant. The material for this work was the results of a sociological study conducted at the Karaganda University within the framework of the project funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP14971423).The article analyzes the results of the study, which are devoted to the issues of identifying problem areas in the process of social and cultural adaptation to the educational conditions ofuniversity stu-dents and determining the factors of their successful socialization and adaptation to the external environment in the process of obtaining educational competencies.The results of the presented work can be used by spe-cialists in various fields (sociologists, psychologists, teachers, social workers, etc.) whose object of activity arestudents, as well as in the practical activities of specialists involved in the development of the social infra-structure of modern universities and can be useful in adjusting state policy in the distribution of educational grants to universities and educational programs higher education.
On the problem of symbolism in the history of culture
Authors:   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Dzhusupov B.I. , Nikambekova A.B. ,   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz
Published: October 2023

The study of symbolism as an independent productive methodological program requires the study of the internal logic of the symbolization process, the analysis of the central concept of this methodology – the symbol, comparison and comparison of it with such concepts as “concept”, “idea”, “image”, “sign”, “meaning”, “meaning”, “value” and others, the relationship of the symbol with language, the process of signification and production of meaning. In addition, we aimed to show the productivity of the symbolic approach on the material of specific cultural forms, such as myth, language, art and others. Demonstration of the productivity of this approach can stimulate further symbolist research in a wide variety of areas of culture, cultural history, and above all domestic. The process of symbolization is the deepest phenomenon of human cultural creativity, it appears at the earliest stages of the development of culture and accompanies its entire history. It would be naive to believe that this process is characteristic only of the early stages of cultural development, and then, as often stated, it is replaced by a rational and logical type of cultural creativity. Symbolization permeates the rational and irrational processes of human socio-cultural activity. This is especially clearly manifested in crisis periods by the breaking of old symbolic systems and the search for new symbols and methods of symbolization. This is as typical as, for example, for the early medieval or Renaissance culture, and for modern Kazakh and post-Soviet cultures, which have identified new social guidelines and values and are striving to find new symbols for the new reality. The study of the symbolism and logic of the symbolization process is of particular importance in the conditions of the modernization development of modern Kazakhstan.
Falsafa is a work of Muslim culture
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Duysen N.B. , Yessim G. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kavus S.K. ,   Kastamonu University, Tursynbayeva A.O. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

This article mainly tells the story of Falsafa, and also tells about the mentality of the Muslim worldview. The history of the development of Falsafa includes the IX-XVI centuries. This is a special teaching that originates in the Arabian Peninsula and has had a significant impact on Western European culture. While Falsafa's goal was to revive the works of Plato and Aristotle, this task was carried out along the lines of the Muslim worldview and implemented through the Arabic language. The disputes and problems grouped around Falsafa are not subsiding now. The article covered this issue accordingly. It was about the propaganda of ancient natural sciences by the Islamic Filasuf of the Middle Ages from the point of view of the Muslim worldview. The main question in the article is the definition of the specifics of Falsafa and philosophy from the point of view of faith and knowledge. The main focus was on Western European philosophers and Muslim philosophers about religion. The article presents the views of such philosophers as Garifolla Yessim, A. A. Ignotenko, B. Ainabekov, S. Brabantsky, B. Russell, K. Armstrong, K. Jaspers, B. E. Bykhovsky.
A literary review of studies related to gender stereotypes in the world and Kazakhstan society
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kaldybay A.B. , Abdigaliyeva G.K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2023

The article provides a literature review of studies related to gender stereotypes in the world and Kazakhstani society. During the literature review, Internet sources of two main academic scientific resources were selected. These are https://scholar.google.ru/ and https://link.springer.com/. The Springer database contains over 2,900 journals and 300,000 books. In addition, this database contains articles that are widely discussed in the modern scientific community. Therefore, using these two search tools within the topic, the term “gender stereotypes in society” was chosen as a keyword, and articles related to the topic “gender stereotypes” were searched. As a result, data were collected on 20 articles within the topic, five main articles were selected, and a review of their practical research was made. During the search, it was found that most gender stereotypes are associated with management and employment, as well as with the emotional state. A literature review of scientific articles was conducted to analyze the main directions of the articles and to examine the results of empirical research related to gender stereotypes, widely discussed in the scientific community. With the aim of grouping gender stereotypes common in world society.
Transformation of the understanding of identity in philosophical discourse
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Mukanova A.K. , Semedov S.A. ,   Institute of Management and Regional Development, Karipbaev B.I. ,   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Shormanbaeva D.G. ,   Karaganda Technical University
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the concept of “identity”. Within the framework of the history of the development of the concept, periodization is given in the form of two large stages, which include a set of different theories. A semantic explication and characterization of the main theories of identity is made. The semantic transformation of the concept of “identity” is traced in different philosophical directions and schools, as well as by different authors. A causal relationship is established between the understanding of identity and a specific historical socio-cultural situation. Within the framework of the article, identity is conceptualized not as a static entity, but as a dynamic mobile structure with the potential for recombination and reconfiguration. A correlation is made between identity as a topic of philosophical reflection and epistemological procedures of identity and distinction. The main problem is the problem of identity in modern Kazakhstani society, which, according to the author, lies in the divergence of objective socio-cultural circumstances (the reality of globalization) and internal factors that have a strong influence on self-determination (history, traditions, mentality). The fact is emphasized that the history of the Western world in its character, consistency, dynamics and partly purposefulness is not identical to the history of Kazakhstan. Therefore, linear modernization (building one's culture according to European patterns) is hindered by many endemic reasons that cannot simply be discarded as something outdated. In many ways, these endemic factors make up the originality of the national and cultural identity of the Kazakh society.
The significance of philosophy in the development of spiritual search of medical students
Authors:   Karaganda Medical University, Meiramova N.A. , Bakirova A.T. ,   Karaganda Medical University
Published: October 2023

The main factors in the upbringing of a personality are education and educative work in the family and educational institutions, therefore, the correct organization of its processes in the formation of spirituality is of particular importance. When improving the special training of medical scientists, it is very important to radically change their humanitarian training, especially in all possible consequences of the results of research and practical activities, to increase in their minds the philosophical culture of thinking and personal moral responsibility. It is necessary to determine the significance of the science of philosophy for modern students – for future doctors studying modern medical sciences. In the presented work, we tried to prove the importance and significance of philosophical science for future doctors, since philosophy provides broad universal knowledge about the sociocultural reality surrounding us, helps a person to understand his place and role in the world. This article is written in order to determine the purpose, significance, impact and knowledge of the subject of philosophy for medical students. In the course of the definition, the experiments and studies carried out, the topics and works carried out in the subject of philosophy, as well as the thoughts of students related to a particular topic are shown. In general, in the course of writing the article, we tried to get answers to the questions of what role the subject of philosophy plays for medical students, whether it has its advantages in everyday personal and professional life, whether it has its pros and cons. The scientific and pedagogical foundations for the formation of the spirituality of the younger generation are the core of our research.
The ontological meaning of the “apocalypse” theory
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Salymatova N.R. , Bolyssova K.M. ,   Shakarim University, Ozkan A.R. ,   Ankara University
Published: October 2023

One of the actual problems of philosophy is the process of the future development of mankind. Since a person's achievements are related to the assimilation of time, this time is usually divided into different periods. For the Turkic peoples, the division of time into times has developed as a habitual, everyday occupation. The allocation of ancient time, modern time, and the apocalypse in historical time is so firmly rooted in consciousness that, without hesitation, we affirm that this is the absolute truth. In the article we tried to analyze the concept of “apocalypse”, its essence and character, reflection in consciousness and hypotheses about this phenomenon. The purpose of the article is a philosophical analysis of theories related to the concept of “the end of the world” through the prism of axiological (value) understanding of the end of human history. Moreover, the phenomenon of the “apocalypse” in close connection with the idea of an infinite heavenly world has always been considered in philosophy as the main philosophical problem. A person not only tries to understand and explore the problems associated with time, but also lives in this phenomenon. No matter how deeply we try to reason, it is impossible to find and accurately determine the future of human history, which is contained in itself. Uncertainty is always worrying. But it can be dispelled in an attempt to approach the understanding of the ontological meaning of the “apocalypse” and the realization of our close connection with it.
The shape of the future: an analysis of futurological concepts
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Salymatova N.R. , Nikambekova A.B. ,   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz
Published: October 2023

The main idea in the article is intertwined with the fact that futurological conclusions become an integral part of our daily life, which leads to a change in the understanding of its value. In the history of human development, time has become the main concept of culture. The philosophical understanding of time divides it into the past, present, and future, and the historical understanding divides it into epochs. One of the features of the worldview of the Kazakh people is the vision not so much of the connection of the present with the past, but of the present with the future. The cultural and social phenomena of modernity determine the direction of trends shaping the future. Perhaps, being still in the space of mythological consciousness, a person looks into the future in two ways – with anxiety and hope. Despite the irrational nature of futurological forecasts, they also require a scientific vision. And this is due to the danger of future cataclysms and catastrophes. And for a person, his life is valuable. He needs faith in a bright future. The way to it is through the upbringing of descendants, and as a reward – the formation of a new conscious generation. The Kazakh people say that the name of a good person, the work of a scientist do not pass without a trace. And this is the belief in the future, in spiritual immortality. In the article we tried to convey the idea that looking into the future will help answer a lot of philosophical questions.
The digital palette of Kazakhstan in the context of the study Tengrian internet communities
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Temirbayeva A.A. , Temirbayev T.T. ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Ryskiyeva A.A. ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Kuranbek A.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2023

Scientific studies of interactions in the Internet space have been around for some time. The religious landscape of modern society is diverse; the scope of new technologies is constantly expanding. The Internet and new media have become widely used in the activities of social and religious movements. This is due to easy accessibility, cost-effectiveness, access to a wide audience, extraterritoriality, greater freedom from traditional forms of social control and authority, the ability to put forward alternative religious views, citizenship, create new communities, and even a new religion. Groups, communities, movements are being organized, including digital or online religions. Traditional and non-traditional religions have gradually become involved in the digitalization of religious life. The COVID 2019 pandemic has accelerated this process. During the lockdown period, religious associations began to conduct online worship, reading the Koran in an interactive mode. Tengrian groups, in turn, are also actively involved in the above media relations; they use the Internet and social networks for communication, interaction and dissemination of their views, active citizenship. Their own discourses arise, which correlate with the processes taking place in the country and in the world. In this regard, this article will consider the content analysis of Tengrian groups in social networks.
Mechanical Review of Fine Sand-Clay Varians
Authors: Muhammad Shalahuddin  , Andre Novan  , Safridatul 'Audah  , Azhari  , Gussyafri  , Sri Djuniaty
Published: October 2023

Clay in nature consist of a mixture of grains and minerals with or without the content of organic matter. The variation in the size of clay grains and the proportion of their distribution is a very useful indicator for knowing soil behavior. Testing the combination of fine sand - clay (FSC) using clay from Kulim Pekanbaru and fine sand from Teratak Buluh Riau. Variants of the percentage of FSC are carried out with the types of tests carried out are Standard Proctor Test, Unconfined Compressive strength test, Direct Shear Test and sieve analysis test and hydrometer.  Increasing the percentage of clay in the FSC variant, increases the liquid limit, increasses the plastic limit and increases the plasticity index. Increases optimum moisture content, decreases maximum dry density and increases soil friction angle and decreases compressive strength
THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL ADDITIVES ON THE PROPERTIES OF ULTRA-HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sanytsky M.A. , Vakhula O.M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Blikharskyi Z.Z. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Trefler R.Yu. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of highly active mineral additives on the physical and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength concrete. Currently, according to the classical concept of making ultra-high strength concrete, a significant amount of ultradispersed microsilica is introduced, which determines the increased cost of its preparation. In order to obtain cost-effective ultra-high-strength concrete, the composition of mixtures was evaluated according to the criteria of strength and economy by replacing microsilica with technologically optimized highly dispersed zeolite (SSA=1200 m2/kg), which belongs to the class of superzeolite. It is shown that for modified concrete with the addition of microsilica, the compressive strength after 2 days is 88.8 MPa, after 28 days ‒ 161.0 MPa. When microsilica is partially replaced by superzeolite, sufficiently high mechanical parameters are achieved: after 2 days the compressive strength is 75.8 MPa, after 28 days the strength increases by 2.1 times and is 163.2 MPa, in this case a flexural strength of 12.1 MPa is achieved. The microsilica has a positive effect due to increased reactivity, especially at an early age. Similarly, the fine fraction of superzeolite is characterized by the acceleration of the pozzolanic reaction, while the coarser fraction contributes to increasing the degree of hydration of the Portland cement due to the desorption of water molecules from micropores and provides internal care for concrete. The cementitious matrix is compacted by filling the intergranular space due to the formation of nanodispersed C-S-H phases. Thermal analysis showed that the amount of calcium hydroxide in the superzeolite cementitious system is 2.75% or 66 kg/m3, which meets the requirements for ultra-high strength concrete. The synergistic combination of microsilica and superzeolite with high surface activity and polycarboxylate superplasticizer provides high packing density and the necessary strength characteristics of ultra-high strength concretes, as well as contributes to their cost-efficiency, which opens the prerequisites for a large-scale engineering application of such concrete in construction.
THE STUDY ON THE IRREGULARITY OF WATER COLLECTION AND DISTRIBUTION BY POROUS PIPES IN FREE-FLOW WATER MOVEMENT
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Progulny V. , Grachov I. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Bulhakov R. ,   Odessa Military Academy, Frolov A. ,   Odessa Military Academy
Published: October 2023

One of the main utilities used to obtain drinking water in households and drinking water supply in towns are filters with drainage distribution and diversion systems in their main structural elements. The filters are equipped with porous pipes for distributing and collecting water to increase efficiency and reliability. Therefore, obtaining reliable methods for their calculation is of scientific and practical interest. The article notes that water in distribution and collection pipelines moves with a variable flow rate along the way. Moreover, the inflow or outflow of water depends on the pressure variable along the length of the pipe. If the movement is free-flowing, it depends on the variable water level. While for porous pipes, this movement is continuous. The subject of fluid moving with a variable flow rate has been studied by many authors; however, the dependences obtained in those cases mainly concerned perforated pipelines and open trays. The authors study the operation of a porous pipe under the conditions of free-flow movement, which is described by two equations, the movement of fluid inside the pipe and the movement of fluid through the pipe's walls. The article indicates the complexity of this problem. Namely, the fact that these equations are interconnected. That is, the fluid flow through the pipe walls depends on the depth of the water layer in the pipe, which is determined by the equation of motion inside the pipe. Similarly, the law of depth change is defined, particularly by the laws of the inflow. A mathematical model was obtained during the investigation of the uneven distribution and collection of water by a porous pipe. Based on this model, an approximate calculation method was developed, which makes it possible to get the value of the average flow depth in the pipe from the critical depth of water installed at the end of the pipe. To simplify the calculations, the article gives the corresponding nomograms. The validation of the model was carried out on an experimental setup. The analysis of the experimental data showed good correspondence to the calculation results performed according to the approximate method, i. e. the deviation of the flow depth in the middle section does not exceed 1.5%.
DEPENDENCE OF TENSILE FORCE OF THE ELASTIC LIMIT STATE OF ROPES FROM THE BENDING PARAMETER ON THE DRUM
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Vovk P.E. , Chaiun I.M. ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: October 2023

Based on the method previously developed by the authors for the analytical determination of the ultimate elastic state of the ropes, the dependence of the P(¯D) tensile force with the winding of the rope on the drum on the parameter ¯D=D_d/d_r (the ratio of the diameters of the drum and the rope) in the interval ¯D=10-120. Dependence P(¯D) was determined for two loading schemes of rope: stretching of the rope with winding on the drum with a freely suspended load and stretching of the rope with winding on the drum with the load in the guides. Based on the developed method, the dependence of P(¯D) was performed for 16 kantais of different designs. The tensile strength is presented in the relative form ¯P (¯D)=P(¯D)/P_t (P_t total breaking strength of the rope wires). The effort ¯P (¯D) significantly depends on the construction of the rope and the bending parameter ¯D. In the section 40≤¯D≤120 the force ¯P (¯D) increases monotonically and practically linearly, reaching the value corresponding to the calculation scheme of stretching a straight rope. For different structures with the parameter ¯D=40 change in force ∆¯D=0.723-0.578=0.145 with ¯D=120∙∆¯P=0.765-0.677=0.08. In the section 40≥¯D≥20 the dependence ¯P (¯D) is not linear, at ¯D=40∙∆¯P=0.663-0.418=0.245. The section 20≥¯D≥10 is characterized by a sharp change in force ¯P (¯D), with the bending parameter ¯D=10∙∆¯P=0.416. For most rope designs at ¯D<10 the forces ¯P (¯D) are close to zero values. When stretching with a freely suspended load, the forces ¯P (¯D) are 1.6–1.7 times lower than when stretching in guides. For twisting ropes (one-way winding), the ratio is 2.5–3.4 times. In the normative methods of calculations of lifting ropes, the characteristics P_t or P_a=0.83P_t are used, which do not take into account the peculiarities of the deformation and construction of the ropes. We believe that the given information is appropriate in solving the issue of building a methodology for calculating the static strength of lifting ropes based on the characteristics of their ultimate elastic state, which will ensure stable optimality of the use of ropes, will allow you to rationally choose the type of rope construction and its dimensions.
THE USE OF MECHANICAL FILTER MODELS IN THE ANALYSIS OF FORMING AND COMPACTION PROCESSES OF FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF BUILDING/CONCRETE MIXTURES BY VIBRATING FIELD
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Chovnyuk Yu. , Priymachenko A. ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Cherednichenko P. ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Ostapushchenko O. ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture
Published: October 2023

The paper describes the use of various types of mechanical filter models, which are used for the analysis of the processes of formation and compaction of the construction/concrete mixtures of building/concrete mixtures by means of vibrating fields. The values of resonant frequencies and equivalent masses for different resonators modeling the propagation in the latter of vibrating-wave formations have been established. The analysis of the influence of a vibrating field on the processes of formation and compaction of concrete/concrete mixtures in this study is based on the methods of mathematical physics, classical variation calculus, physics of oscillations and waves and methodology of solution of ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. The conditions and main integral characteristics of resonance phenomena, the possibility of occurrence of which is conditioned by: 1) the geometry of the initial boundary-edge problem (it is The so-called "geometric resonances" of the considered system with distributed parameters simulating the mixture to be processed); 2) the working rheological model of the mixture involved in the study (these are the so-called "rheological resonances"). The approach developed and scientifically substantiated in this work allows us to establish the main parameters and opportunities for the use of energy-saving modes of operation of vibration systems intended for the formation and vibration compaction of the above mixtures. The results obtained in the work The results obtained can be further used to clarify and Improvement of existing engineering methods of calculation of vibration systems for the formation and compaction of concrete/concrete mixtures in order to optimize the operating modes of their functioning both at the design stage and in the modes of real operation.
RESEARCH OF ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS FOR FOUNDATIONS UNDER THE FLOOR
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kersh V.Ya. , Zamula M.O. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: October 2023

The most important components of comfortable conditions for people on the premises of residential and public buildings are thermal (temperature) and acoustic comfort. By the regulatory documents of Ukraine, high requirements are imposed on the thermal and sound insulation qualities of external and internal building envelopes, especially on interfloor floors. While the problem of insufficient thermal protection primarily concerns floors over cold basements and passageways, poor sound insulation of floors is a problem for all apartments in high-rise buildings. This article analyzes the causes of acoustic discomfort in buildings. A person indoors is exposed to three types of noise: airborne, impact, and structural. The most difficult problem to solve is an impact noise through the floors. It is emphasized that despite the different noise sources, the mechanisms of propagation of structural and impact noise are similar ‒ through the structural elements of the building. Therefore, measures to reduce impact noise can simultaneously reduce the level of structural noise. The most common methods of reducing sound transmission through floors are analyzed. It is proposed to replace the conventional screed in the floor structure with a heat and sound-insulating screed based on a gypsum-cement-pozzolana binder. This paper considers only an acoustic aspect of the problem. According to the theory of acoustic dissipation, it is assumed that the effect of sound energy dissipation is enhanced by the introduction of aggregates into the mixture, which increases the number of structural heterogeneities and interfaces. The aggregates used in the mixture are expanded polystyrene granules, cork chips, and granular waste from the production of foam glass. In order to experimentally verify this assumption, laboratory methods and devices were developed for a comparative assessment of the soundproofing properties of the developed compositions. Based on the results of measuring the acoustic properties of the prototypes, experimental and statistical (ES) models were constructed, and the best combinations of mixture components were determined in terms of sound insulation. ES models of noise properties were used in the multi-criteria optimization of the composition of the composite mixture.
VOLUME-PLANNING SOLUTIONS OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS WITH PLACEMENT OF SHELTERS
Authors:   National Aviation University, Zhydkova T.V.
Published: October 2023

The article highlights one of the most pressing problems of today ‒ the protection of children in educational institutions. The author analyzes the main requirements of the current legislative and regulatory documentation on the protection of children in preschool education institutions during military operations; recommendations of the State Emergency Service; the main provisions of the concept of security of educational institutions. The purpose of this study is to develop proposals for the placement of protected premises in preschool institutions, which will ensure the maximum possible safety, physical and psychological comfort of staying in a protected space in these conditions. Proposals have been developed to change approaches to the space-planning solutions of preschool buildings with the arrangement of protected rooms in the middle span of the building, which will ensure the maximum possible safety, physical and psychological comfort of staying in a protected space. The possibility of using the bedrooms of a kindergarten as a shelter is substantiated. A comparative analysis of regulatory requirements for insolation and energy saving in preschool educational institutions is carried out. It is emphasized that there is a mismatch between the requirements of these requirements and the safety of existing premises of preschool institutions. Proposals for new building codes for the protection of children in educational institutions, including the area of the premises per child, recommendations for the use of these premises in peacetime, and the composition of furniture and equipment, are analyzed. If these proposals are adopted, which include the use of bedrooms as permanent premises in the protected part of the building, as well as ensuring the optimal ratio of energy saving and insolation requirements, architects will have to completely revise their approach to the space-planning solutions for kindergartens. The new space-planning solutions will make preschool buildings more compact, which will provide energy savings, and most importantly, there will be rooms in the middle part of the building that will be enclosed by at least two main walls and, with appropriate structural strength, can be used as shelters. The results of the research can be used in practice in the construction of shelters in preschools.
IMPACT OF DEICING SALT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALT MIXTURES IN NORTHWEST CHINA: AN INVESTIGATION INTO MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND INFLUENTIAL FACTORS
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, Mingjun Guo , Kovalskiy V.P. ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: October 2023

Currently, the primary form of high-grade highways is constituted by asphalt concrete pavement. Winter conditions often result in ice and snow accumulation on these pavements, precipitating severe traffic incidents. Statistically, around 15%-30% of such incidents are directly linked to icy and snowy conditions. Hence, when roads are laden with ice and snow, the most cost-effective and efficient countermeasure remains the dispersal of deicing salt onto the road surface. Particularly in China's northwestern region, which experiences low precipitation and consistent droughts, the deicing salts applied during winter aren't diluted or transported away by water flow. Consequently, the soil surrounding the roads retains a higher concentration of deicing salts than other regions, leading to a pronounced impact on the pavement's service life. This investigation aims to experimentally emulate the impact of this high-salt environment on the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures, followed by an analysis of the crucial factors that influence the asphalt mixtures' durability. The current study employs measures such as high-temperature rut testing, Marshall water immersion testing, and freeze-thaw splitting testing to investigate the damage patterns of mechanical properties in asphalt mixtures under varying grading, diverse deicing salt solutions, and differing frequencies of dry-wet cycles. In addition, the study employs grey correlation entropy analysis to ascertain the interdependence among factors influencing the performance of asphalt mixtures. The findings reveal that after undergoing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 dry-wet cycles in solutions of 20% industrial salt (NaCl), 15% urea (CH4N2O), and 20% anhydrous ethanol (CH2CH3OH), both the high-temperature stability and water stability of asphalt mixtures with AC-13 and AC-16 gradings displayed varying levels of decline. Overall, an enhancement in the fine aggregate percentage in asphalt mixtures can augment the asphalt concrete's resistance to deicing salt erosion. As per the grey correlation entropy analysis, gradation variances exerted the most significant impact on diverse mechanical properties, followed by the type of deicing salt solution, with the least significant impact attributed to the frequency of dry-wet cycles. Thus, judicious selection of road materials and structural design can effectively counter the erosive action of deicing salts, thereby enhancing the service life of the road surface.
The impact of artificial intelligence on online assessment: A preliminary review
Authors: KARADAĞ Nejdet
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on online assessment in the context of opportunities and threats based on the literature. To this end, 19 articles related to the AI tool ChatGPT and online assessment were analysed through rapid literature review. In the content analysis, the themes of “AI's assistance role”, “automatic grading and feedback”, “improving assessment” and “time benefit” were obtained in the opportunities category, while the themes of “academic integrity concern”, “reliability issues” and “adaptability issues” were obtained in the threats category. The impact of AI on online assessment was explained within the scope of these themes. The results revealed that the most emphasis was placed on "improving assessment" themes in the opportunities category, and "academic integrity concern" themes in the threats category. At the end of this preliminary review, it was revealed that more studies investigating the integration of AI to online assessment are needed and all educational institutions, especially distance education institutions, should take measures to ensure the ethical use of AI.
Media Permainan Ular Tangga Berbasis Misi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa SD
Authors: Andriani Friska , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: October 2023

Pembelajaran matematika di tingkat sekolah dasar merupakan aspek penting dalam pengembangan kemampuan berpikir siswa. Pemahaman konsep dan penerapan prinsip-prinsip logika adalah fokus utama dalam pembelajaran matematika. Salah satu keterampilan penting dalam pembelajaran matematika adalah kemampuan pemecahan masalah, yang memungkinkan siswa untuk mengatasi situasi dan masalah baru. Namun, kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa masih di bawah harapan nasional, mencerminkan hasil yang rendah dalam ujian nasional dan dampaknya pada peringkat matematika Indonesia dalam survei PISA. Penelitian ini mengembangkan media permainan ular tangga berbasis misi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas V SD. Media ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang inovatif dan menarik bagi siswa. Hasil analisis, desain, dan pengembangan media ini telah divalidasi oleh ahli dan diuji coba secara terbatas dan luas. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah menggunakan media ini. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan media permainan ular tangga berbasis misi dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Media ini dapat mengatasi tantangan dalam pembelajaran matematika, meningkatkan motivasi siswa, dan membantu siswa merasa lebih antusias terhadap mata pelajaran ini. Dengan demikian, media ini dapat dianggap sebagai alat pembelajaran yang efektif dan inovatif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di tingkat sekolah dasar.
Modul Flipbook pada Materi Interaksi Makhluk Hidup untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Fadlilah Atina Maulaya , Nur Sofyan Hasanuddin , Arip Asep Ginanjar
Published: October 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah bagaimana pengaruh e-modul flipbook terhadap hasil belajar dan berpikir kreatif siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Desain penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D (four-D). yang diterapkan di sekolah SMPN 3 Jatiwangi.  Subjek penelitian menrupakan 31 orang kelas VII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan 29 orang kelas VII E sebagai kelas eksperimen. Kemampuan berpikir yang diukur dalam penelitian ini fleksibilitas, elaborasi, dan originalitas. Dalam penelitian ini berpikir kreatif siswa diukur dengan menggunakan Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif yang terdiri dari enam soal terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa: Kemampuan fleksibilitas dikelas yang menggunakan media flipbook siswa mendapatkan angka 84% lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa di kelas kontrol yang mendapatkan angka 75%. Kemampuan originalitas dikelas eksperimen memperoleh angka 75% sedangkan kelas kontrol memperoleh 65%. Kemampuan elaborasi dikelas eksperimen siswa mendapatkan angka 80% sedangkan kelas kontrol memperoleh 65%.  Dan untuk mengukur hasil belajar kognitif siswa menggunakan tes yang terdiri dari sepuluh soal pretest dan postest. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kenaikan pada kelas kontrol sebesar 20% sedangkan kelas eksperimen 30%. Kesimpulannya modul flipbook dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar siswa.
Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Elfrisca Deva , Oktrifianty Erdhita , Fadhillah Dilla
Published: October 2023

Keterampilan berbicara menjadi salah satu keterampilan yang harus dikuasai dan dimiliki oleh peserta didik. Dalam keadaan apapun keterampilan berbicara tidak dapat diabaikan begitu saja, karena berbicara merupakan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan setiap orang, serta merupakan bagian penting yang kompleks dari kehidupan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan sehari-harinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas V di SD Negeri Pondok Bahar 3, (2) Mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya keterampilan siswa berbicara dalam pembelajaran Tematik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek 27 siswa kelas V dan guru kelas V. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu Observasi, Wawancara, Tes, dan Dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara interaktif melalui proses Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data, dan Verifikasi dengan menggunakan tringulasi sumber sebagai keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas V pada pembelajaran tematik dalam kategori cukup berdasarkan 5 aspek yang dinilai yaitu pelafalan, intonasi, kosakata/kalimat, hafalan, dan mimik/ekspresi. Menunjukan bahwa terdapat 2 siswa berkategori baik, 14 siswa berkategori cukup, dan 11 siswa berkategori kurang atau belum memenuhi aspek penilaian keterampilan berbicara. Sedangkan faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas V dibagi menjadi dua yaitu faktor internal yakni kurangnya kepercayaan diri siswa, siswa merasa malu pada saat bebricara, kurangnya penguasaan bahasa siswa, dan kurangnya pengalaman siswa untuk berbicara di depan kelas sedangkan faktor internal yakni faktor guru, lingkungan sekolah, dan keluarga.
Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Pada Pembelajaran Tematik
Authors: Alviah Siti Nur , Oktrifianty Erdhita , Huliatunisa Yayah
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemandirian belajar siswa kelas V SDN Karang Tengah 1 dalam pembelajaran tematik. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di SDN Karang Tengah 1 pada kelas V tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode deskriptif, yang ditunjang dengan penelitian lapangan dan referensi berkaitan dengan tema yang dibahas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemandirian belajar siswa di SDN Karang Tengah 1 sudah berkembang dengan baik. Kemandirian belajar menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan belajar. Siswa yang memiliki kemandirian belajar yang tinggi akan berusaha menyelesaikan tugas dengan kemampuannya sendiri. Pembelajaran tematik menjadi wadah dalam mengembangkan kemandirian belajar siswa. Bentuk kemandirian belajar siswa yang dikembangkan di SDI Al-Azhar 17 Bintaro didukung dengan diantaranya percaya diri, aktif dalam belajar, disiplin dan tanggung jawab.
Literasi Dasar Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Lestari Nopika Ayu , Mawardi Mawardi , Sunaryo Sunaryo
Published: October 2023

Pendidikan dasar memegang peran penting dalam membentuk pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sikap dasar yang diperlukan dalam masyarakat. Salah satu aspek utama dalam pendidikan dasar adalah kemampuan membaca, yang bukan hanya sekadar keterampilan, tetapi juga landasan bagi siswa untuk efektif mengikuti pelajaran di sekolah. Namun, di Indonesia, minat baca siswa, terutama di tingkat sekolah dasar, masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hubungan literasi dasar dengan minat baca siswa kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar Swasta ASDU Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar Swasta ASDU sebanyak 41 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 41 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrumen pernyataan angket yang terdiri 22 soal literasi dasar dan 21 soal minat baca yang valid dan reliabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara literasi dasar dengan minat baca siswa kelas IV. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode korelasi, menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi literasi dasar siswa, semakin tinggi minat baca mereka. Observasi juga mengungkapkan bahwa implementasi gerakan literasi dasar memainkan peran penting. Gerakan ini membantu membentuk kebiasaan membaca sejak dini dan memperkenalkan siswa pada kegiatan yang lebih produktif, membuka jalan bagi peningkatan minat baca.