bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 : le monde d’après est déjà là…
Authors: Borrell Josep
Published: June 2020

L’imprévisible crise du COVID-19 pose, à plusieurs niveaux, des questions fondamentales. Elle questionne la forme actuelle de la mondialisation, et l’idéologie néo-libérale qui l’a jusqu’ici accompagnée. Elle interroge une gouvernance mondiale en panne, dépassée par les égoïsmes nationaux, et les tentations de fermeture. Elle appelle à la mobilisation des instruments de résilience des démocraties, et d’une Union européenne qui joue son avenir, en particulier dans la confiance des peuples.
Zone franc : fin et réincarnation
Authors: Avom Désiré
Published: June 2020

La réforme de la zone franc annoncée par Emmanuel Macron et Alassane Ouattara ébranle certains de ses fondements, en en pérennisant certains autres sous des formes de coopération dont les modalités restent à définir. Pour que cette réforme puisse avoir une véritable portée, elle devrait être intégrée d’abord dans une problématique globale du développement des pays de la zone franc, et plus largement dans une dynamique incluant les autres pays africains.
Une révolution est-elle possible au Liban ?
Authors: Fakih Lama
Published: June 2020

Depuis le 17 octobre 2019, la colère gronde au Liban. Accablés par les impôts, l’inflation, l’incompétence des gouvernants, l’injustice sociale et la corruption, les manifestants crient leur révolte. Leur détermination se heurte toutefois à une classe politique résolue à garder le pouvoir. Un bouleversement politique est-il possible au Liban, au regard de l’histoire du pays, du fonctionnement de ses institutions, et du caractère composite de la société libanaise ?
Mariama: Between Excision and Ghosts, the Difficulties of Being as a Woman
Authors: Guittonneau-Bertholet Mireille , Ellerby Kirsten
Published: June 2020

Il s’agit dans ce texte de montrer la nécessité d’entendre ensemble les différents éléments qui composent l’identité sexuée d’un sujet : les fantasmes, la culture et l’histoire transgénérationnelle ; l’identité sexuée étant véritablement une construction originale, faite de matériaux composites que chacun assemble de façon singulière. Ainsi, dans l’histoire de Mariama, pour comprendre ses interrogations sur son identité sexuée, il a fallu articuler son interprétation de l’excision partielle subie par elle, bébé, et ses fantasmes infantiles sur la différence des sexes en lien avec sa position d’enfant ayant dû inconsciemment remplacer un frère mort en bas âge. Dans ce texte, sont également interrogés les temps psychiques qui accompagnent le travail psychique dans des situations de trauma.
“What Happiness???...!”
Authors: Bréhat Cécile , Becker Florence , Chevalérias Marie-Paule , Hahusseau Brigitte , Nicodème Aurélie , Spiess Martine , Thévenot Anne , Ubiqus Traduction
Published: June 2020

Cet article vise à interroger l’accompagnement actuel en périnatalité et à éclairer ce qui l’ordonne dans le contexte et le lien social moderne. En le rapportant à son évolution depuis la moitié du XX e  siècle, nous nous sommes attaché à repérer ce qu’aujourd’hui la notion d’accompagnement recouvre. Cette étude permet de constater qu’elle est organisée par les normes d’autonomie et de responsabilisation de soi, et des valeurs d’évaluation, de contrôle et d’éducation. Les dispositifs mis en place par les politiques publiques actuelles dans les temps périnataux qui visent à accompagner l’apprentissage de bonnes pratiques au regard des normes établies, écarteraient le travail d’élaboration subjective inhérent à l’arrivée d’un enfant. Nous exposons ici comment une expérience novatrice originale d’accompagnement groupal dans le temps du post-partum a été pensée. Elle est évoquée pour montrer comment une autre manière d’accompagner ces temps d’accueil de l’enfant et d’accès à la parentalité peut exister en mettant l’écoute de la subjectivité au cœur du dispositif. Mise en place, modalités de fonctionnement et visées sont approfondies. Les concepts psychanalytiques de contenance, de transmission et d’identification mis en mouvement par le dispositif groupal sont discutés en défendant l’hypothèse qu’ils participeraient à la construction du maternel et des liens précoces à l’enfant.
De l’effondrement du familier en Anthropocène : extrapolation à partir du « nouveau » grand temple d’Abou Simbel
Authors: Jungers Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2020

En Anthropocène, le sujet humain séjourne sur une scène particulière. Cette anthropo-scène singulière se caractérise par la disjonction croissante de sa part visible et de sa part cachée. La superstructure, visible, tente de stabiliser un monde que fragilise le développement effréné de l’infrastructure, cachée. Cet accroissement massif, bien que dissimulé, modifie-t-il le rapport que le sujet humain entretient avec son environnement bâti ? Inaugure-t-il, par là précisément, une nouvelle ère phénoménale ? Pour répondre à ces questions, l’article présente brièvement le rôle assigné à l’architecture par l’être parlant. Il procède ensuite à l’analyse du « nouveau » grand temple d’Abou Simbel, œuvre architecturale jugée symptomatique de l’Anthropocène parce qu’elle en concentre les forces symboliques et techniques. Fort de celle-ci, l’article identifie un phénomène particulier qu’il propose de généraliser, par analogie, à l’ensemble de l’anthropo-scène de notre temps.
Empirical Evaluation of the Efficiency of Ecuadorian Banking Sector
Authors: Campoverde Campoverde Jorge Arturo , Flores Sánchez Gustavo Giovanni , Coronel Pangol Katherine Tatiana , Romero Galarza Carlos Armando
Published: June 2020

This research constitutes the measurement of the efficiency of the Ecuadorian banking sector during the periods 1993-1999 and 2000-2018, applying the Data Envelope Analysis methodology, using the CCR and BCC approaches. The fixed asset and operating expense accounts were used as input variables for this purpose. The output variables were accounts receivable, income, investments and total deposits. Data were taken from monthly bulletins submitted by the different decision-making units to the Superintendencia de Bancos del Ecuador. The main findings indicate that the levels of efficiency during the 2000-2018 period were higher than in the 1993-1999 period. On average, during the first period, the banks had an efficiency ratio of 74.31%, according to the CCR approach, and 82.17%, according to the BCC approach. However, the efficiency levels during the second period reached 95.43% and 97.01%, respectively. In addition, the results show that large banks have a higher level of efficiency than smaller banks. However, medium-sized banks have the lowest level of efficiency. It should be noted that the data varies when analyzed according to the CCR approach. Furthermore, efficiency levels are generally associated with factors related to the country’s situation. This research is presented as one of the first studies on the analysis of efficiency in the Ecuadorian banking sector using this method.
Grafične pripovedi in pripovednost
Authors: Flis Leonora
Published: June 2020

Grafične pripovedi se nahajajo na stičišču prikazovanja in pripovedovanja zgodbe, v vsakem primeru pa zgodbo pripovedujejo, torej predstavljajo narativen žanr. Grafično pripovedovanje omogoča zastavljanje temeljnih vprašanj, ki zadevajo na primer temporalni aspekt narativnosti (razumljene kot skupek formalnih in kontekstualnih lastnosti, ki določajo pripoved) in področje fokalizacije. Grafične pripovedi s pripovednim časom upravljajo nekoliko drugače od (zgolj) literarnih besedil, saj občutek časa ustvarjajo z razmerjem med vizualnim in verbalnim. Nadalje poleg (po navadi uokvirjenih) ilustracij vsebujejo tudi tako imenovani »gutter«, »jarek« ali »luknjo«, torej vmesne prazne prostore. Teoretik in stripar Scott McCloud pravi, da je prav ta prostor v grafičnem romanu najkreativnejši; je praznina, ki najbolj buri bralčevo domišljijo, obenem pa tudi prostor, kjer se zgodi iluzija premika prostora in časa. Na primerih nekaj stripov (izpostavljeni avtorji so Art Spiegelman, Joe Sacco in Marjane Satrapi) članek prikaže specifike grafičnega pripovedovanja, ki s sekvenčnostjo podob, montažo kadrov, kompozicijo posameznih strani in drugimi strukturnimi karakteristikami omogočajo grajenje in vzdrževanje zgodbe. Ko govorimo o grafičnih pripovedih, je torej ustrezno govoriti o čezžanrski in čezmedijski naratologiji, zato razprava izpostavi tudi vlogo postklasične naratologije pri interpretaciji in razumevanju tovrstnih zgodb.
Literarni liki v kratkih zgodbah Andreja Blatnika
Authors: Pavlič Darja
Published: June 2020

Kratke zgodbe Andreja Blatnika ne temeljijo na dejanjih literarnih likov, pač pa v ospredje postavljajo njihovo zavest. Primerno orodje za njihovo analizo so zato koncepti, razviti v okviru kognitivne naratologije. V članku posebej izpostavim pojem izkustvenost (experientiality), ki ga je za razlago pripovednosti uvedla Monika Fludernik. Ker gre za kompleksen pojem, ga skušam razložiti tako, da opozorim na njegovo povezanost z bralci, literarnimi liki in pripovedovalci. Na ravni literarnih likov je izkustvenost mogoče enačiti z njihovo zavestjo, še posebej če to razumemo v povezavi s telesom oz. kot utelešeni um. Blatnikovi literarni liki se čustveno in fizično odzivajo na dogodke, razmišljajo o svojih nikoli uresničenih načrtih, pogosto tudi o tem, kako jih vidijo drugi. Pri branju umov drugih likov praviloma niso uspešni, kar pokažem z analizo treh izbranih kratkih zgodb: postmodernistične »Zgodbe o Rošlinu in Verjanku«, minimalistične kratke zgodbe »Vlažne stene« in modernistične kratke zgodbe »Iz strasti«.
Naratološki vidiki lirskocikličnega oblikovanja: ob primeru cikla Josipa Murna »Fin de siècle«
Authors: Žerjal Pavlin Vita
Published: June 2020

V tradiciji raziskav lirskih ciklov je ves čas prisotna tudi zavest o naraciji kot eni od njihovih kompozicijskih značilnosti. Reinhard Ibler je v svoji tipologiji lirskih ciklov za sintagmatske opredelil tiste, pri katerih je mogoče oblikovati zgodbo, nasprotno pa je za paradigmatske značilna ekvivalenca med pesmimi. V prispevku preverjam možnost prenosa in uporabe metodologije, ki so jo raziskovalci hamburške univerze pod vodstvom Petra Hühna in Jörga Schönerta oblikovali za naratološko razčlembo lirskih pesmi, na nivo sintagmatskega cikla. Problematiko osvetljujem ob primeru tropesemskega cikla »Fin de siècle« Josipa Murna. Upoštevam tako dimenzijo zaporednosti, razčlenjeno s kognitivnimi koncepti sheme, scenarija in okvirja, kot posredovanosti z načini posredovanja (glasovi in fokalizacijo) ter posredovalnimi entitetami (empiričnim in abstraktnim avtorjem ali subjektom kompozicije, govorcem ali pripovedovalcem ter protagonisti). Ne narativiziram le zgodb posameznih pesmi, temveč tudi zgodbo cikla. Glede na Hühnovo klasifikacijo petih strukturnih tipov kombinacij shem prepoznam v vsaki od treh pesmi in v Murnovem ciklu kot celoti kombinacijo dveh tipov: zaporedne spremembe in kontrastne alternative. Tako se v ciklu izhodiščni, za dekadenco značilni okvir razpetosti med idealizirano spiritualno ljubeznijo in demonizirano senzualnostjo nadomesti z okvirjem neerotične, metafizične spiritualnosti, značilnim za simbolizem.
Fokalizacija v lirskem diskurzu
Authors: Balžalorsky Antić Varja
Published: June 2020

S fokalizacijo se teorija lirike do nedavnega skorajda ni ukvarjala, kar je mogoče pojasniti z dejstvom, da je bila lirika navadno razumljena kot temeljno monološka vrsta. Čezžanrske naratološke obravnave (Hühn, Kiefer in Schönert, Rodriguez) so v preteklih dveh desetletjih pojavu posvetile več pozornosti. V članku poskušam razširiti dognanja, ki jih jedrnato predlagajo ti raziskovalci. Ugotavljam, da se pri tem mogoče opreti na referenčne definicije klasičnih naratologov, hkrati pa je smiselno upoštevati najnovejša spoznanja postklasične naratologije: Jahnova razširitev pojma v smeri podobe »okna« in »zaslona« in Hermanovo pojmovanje fokalizacije kot izrazitve specifičnih modelov razumevanja sveta in epistemičnih modalitet sta pomembna argumenta za vpeljavo razširjenega pojmovanja fokalizacije v liriko. V osrednjem delu članek poda opredelitev pojma ter razgrne morebitne teoretske, kritiške in bralske zadržke glede uvedbe kategorije v poezijo, ki jih ovrže na podlagi kratkih analiz, s čimer tudi opredeli ravnine, na katerih se fokalizacija potencialno izrazi. V sklepnem delu zasnuje osnovno tipologijo fokalizacije v lirskem diskurzu z navedbo primerov iz svetovne in slovenske poezije ter navrže problemske točke za nadaljnje razmišljanje.
Effect of protein extracts of Amaranthus retroflexus (Amaranthaceae) and Cuminum cyminum (Apiaceae) on digestive proteinases and biological characters of Helicoverpa (Heliothis) armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Azimi Solmaz , Rahmani Shima , Pazhouhandeh Maghsoud
Published: June 2020

Plant proteinase inhibitors are among the promising biopesticides which are induced in plants tissues against the several Lepidoptera pests to inhibit digestive proteases. In this study, protein extracts of two nonhost plant seeds, Amaranthus retroflexus Linnaeus (Amaranthaceae) and Cuminum cyminum Linnaeus (Apiaceae), were examined on Helicoverpaarmigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The results obtained by using azocasein as a substrate showed that inhibitory activity of general proteases of the larvae fed on a diet incorporated with both inhibitors was dose dependent. Seed extracts of A. retroflexus and C. cyminum at the highest concentration showed that inhibition activities of chymotrypsin-like proteinase and trypsin-like proteinase were between 31–45% and 28–61%, respectively. Based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, all of the proteinase isoforms, including those of A. retroflexus seed extracts, disappeared entirely, and only one band was detected in the seed extracts of C. cyminum. Larval mortality in the larvae fed on A. retroflexus and C. cyminum seed extracts was 56 ± 2.15 and 68 ± 2.23, respectively, but mortality in control (no seed protein extract) was 12 ± 2.34 individuals. Also, the life table parameters were affected significantly by A. retroflexus and C. cyminum protein seed extracts. Therefore, A. retroflexus and C. cyminum seed protein extracts showed inhibitory effect on H. armigera digestive proteinases and adverse effects on survival and fitness of the pest; hence, they could be introduced as a successful biopesticide in the near future.
Learning Professionalism in Athletic Training Education
Authors: Craig Debbie I.
Published: June 2020

Objective: Student learning of professionalism in athletic training education programs (ATEPs) can be varied and even elusive. The purpose of this article is to define professionalism and discuss its development in athletic training students.

Background: Medical professions have studied extensively how students learn professionalism. However, with some studies reporting up to 90 different associated characteristics, no set definition of professionalism has been adopted. Students may learn professional behaviors in the classroom and the clinic. Research in medical education reports that a majority of this learning occurs in the clinical environment.

Description: There are numerous ways to promote the learning of professionalism in athletic training students. After engaging each student personally in this pursuit, techniques such as communicating the mission and code of ethics of the National Athletic Trainers ' Association (NATA), clearly stating expectations the ATEP holds of students ' professional behavior, providing a variety of learning opportunities in different clinical settings, carefully selecting approved clinical instructors (ACIs), and using self-assessment and reflection are a few of the techniques recommended. The importance of the role of ACIs in the development of professional behaviors in athletic training students is stressed.

Advantages: Without purposefully including the learning of professionalism in ATEP curriculums (the classroom and clinical experiences), students are at risk of not being prepared to represent and promote athletic training at the highest levels within the allied health professions.
Editorial: Are They Listening? Policymakers and Their Role in Public Education
Authors: Strunc Abbie R.
Published: June 2020

In the United States the policy making process claims to be a cyclical process which drives politicians, dictates policies drafted, and legislation ultimately passed. The process begins with the people bringing issues, ideas, and concerns to the attention of the news media, advocacy groups, grassroots organizations, or interest groups. Ideally these groups connect the concerns of the people to elected officials and/ or courts who respond by creating policies which address these concerns. This is an over-simplified ideal. The reality of policymaking is messy, partisan, and the results frequently fail to address the concerns of the public, or create more unintended consequences than solve problems. Public education is an area of concern most familiar with unintended consequences.
A teoria de Galperin no ensino de polialelia: formação dialética de habilidades e conceitos
Authors: Luna Eduardo Ramos Melo , Da Silva Petronildo Bezerra
Published: June 2020

Diante da necessidade de promover o ensino de Genética nas escolas, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo formar a habilidade de interpretar os mecanismos de transmissão de características por polialelia em estudantes do 3ª ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública, utilizando a Teoria da Formação por Etapas das Ações Mentais e dos Conceitos de P. Ya. Galperin como aporte teórico e metodológico. A partir de desenvolvimento de um plano de tarefas, foi possível perceber que a maioria dos estudantes conseguiu formar a habilidade pretendida, ratificada pelo alto grau na qualidade das ações realizadas. Comprovou-se também o potencial pedagógico desta teoria por permitir ao professor o controle das ações para acompanhar com mais precisão e eficácia o desenvolvimento dos alunos. Palavras – chave: Polialelia, Teoria de Galperin e habilidades.
O PROCESSO DE INTERAÇÃO VERBAL-SOCIAL E AS IMAGENS CONSTRUÍDAS POR ALUNOS SOBRE SEUS PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS E BIOLOGIA
Authors: Dos Santos Luis Gustavo , Galieta Tatiana
Published: June 2020

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa empírica cujo objetivo principal consistiu em analisar as imagens que alunos constroem de si próprios e de seus professores de Ciências e Biologia a partir dos processos de interação verbal-social que acontecem no contexto escolar. O estudo tem seu referencial teórico sustentado nos conceitos de dialogismo e dialogicidade propostos por Mikhail Bakhtin e Paulo Freire, respectivamente. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com alunos do terceiro ano (ensino médio) de três escolas públicas do estado do Rio de Janeiro. A análise qualitativa aponta que os alunos consideram que a boa relação com os professores está relacionada à presença do diálogo, propiciando melhor convívio entre eles e diminuindo as possibilidades de conflitos.
ASPECTOS SOCIOCIENTÍFICOS NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA SOBRE ALIMENTOS TRANSGÊNICOS, CONVENCIONAIS E ORGÂNICOS
Authors: Silva Karolina Martins Almeida e
Published: June 2020

Neste trabalho apresentamos um relato acerca da aplicação de uma sequência didática (SD) sobre “Alimentos orgânicos, transgênicos e convencionais” em uma turma de Jovens e Adultos do Instituto Federal do Tocantins. Entendemos que a temática abordada incita controvérsias quando se busca analisar a relação entre a produção de diferentes tipos de alimentos, a saúde humana e a diversidade ambiental. Assim, o trabalho foi desenvolvido com base nos pressupostos da Educação Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (ECTS) com foco na abordagem de diferentes aspectos sociocientíficos (ASC) os quais denotam de explicações de cunho histórico, político, econômico, social, ambiental, cultural e ético-valorativo em relação aos adventos da ciência e tecnologia.Palavras-chave: Alimentos; Sequência Didática; Educação CTS; Ensino de Biologia.
MODALIDADES DIDÁTICAS: O ENSINO DE VIROLOGIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Karas Mariane Beatriz , Do Espirito Santo Hermel Erica , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael
Published: June 2020

O estudo dos vírus é um tema complexo, dificultado pelas dimensões microscópicas e pela necessidade de abstração para uma melhor compreensão conceitual. O presente trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa de caráter documental que investiga as modalidades didáticas utilizadas no Ensino de Virologia. O objeto de estudo são 34 relatos de experiência publicados nos anais do Encontro Regional de Ensino de Biologia (EREBIO SUL) e no Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Biologia (ENEBIO), entre os anos de 2010 e 2015. Houve uma predominância de aulas desenvolvidas a partir de modalidades didáticas que utilizam as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, tendo como objetivo das aulas, em sua maioria, aprofundar os conhecimentos, sendo que o conteúdo predominante estava relacionado à saúde humana.
CÉLULA COMBUSTÍVEL MICRONIANA: MATERIAL DIDÁTICO PARA O ENSINO DE MICROBIOLOGIA
Authors: Galera Renata Cristina
Published: June 2020

Todo material didático visa auxiliar no processo de construção do conhecimento por parte dos alunos aproximando-os da realidade e aplicando a teoria que previamente aprenderam em sala de aula. Muitas tecnologias podem ser adaptadas para serem trabalhadas em sala. Entre elas, a Célula Combustível Microbiana (CCM) que tem por finalidade a degradação de matéria orgânica por meio de bactérias com o intuito de descontaminação da água e consequente produção de energia elétrica é um dispositivo facilmente adaptado para a realidade da sala de aula manuseada por alunos ou professores que pode propiciar a construção significativa de conhecimento. Tendo esses aspectos em vista o presente trabalho consistiu em utilizar a CCM como material didático no ensino de microbiologia, química e física para os níveis médio, técnico e superior de ensino fazendo uso de matérias de baixo custo a fim de tornar essa opção acessível.
O ensino de Sistemática e Taxonomia Biológica: mapeando produções em evento da área de ensino de Ciências
Authors: Liporini Thalita Quatrocchio , Diniz Renato Eugênio da Silva
Published: June 2020

O estudo verificou como estão organizadas as produções acadêmicas que retratam o ensino de Sistemática e Taxonomia Biológica. Caracterizada como uma pesquisa do tipo “estado do conhecimento ou da arte”, a coleta de dados se deu por meio da consulta aos anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências (ENPEC) entre os anos de 2005 e 2017. Os dados obtidos foram organizados em sete categorias e foi encontrado um reduzido número de trabalhos que abordam este tema, sobretudo a ausência de produções que relacionam a Sistemática e a Taxonomia com os demais conhecimentos da Biologia.
A experimentação no ensino de biologia: uma correlação entre teoria e prática para alunos do ensino médio em Floriano/PI
Authors: Araújo Maurício dos Santos , Freitas Wanderson Lopes dos Santos
Published: June 2020

O trabalho teve como objetivo relatar os resultados obtidos com a realização de uma aula prática, desenvolvida em uma escola profissionalizante de nível médio integrada ao curso técnico em Análises Clínicas em Floriano/PI, bem como identificar as contribuições proporcionadas aos alunos para a formação profissional. Adotou-se uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativa com enfoque descritivo. Participaram 14 (quatorze) alunos da 2ª série do Ensino Médio. O instrumento de coleta de dados foram questionários (pré e pós-teste) e observações in loco. Identificou-se que, 71,42% dos alunos não realizavam aulas práticas, e, 57,14% afirmaram estarem despreparados para ingressar no mercado de trabalho. Portanto, o projeto proporcionou aos alunos o contato direto com o ambiente laboratorial, assumindo uma ferramenta construtiva para a formação profissional.
Papéis sociais de gênero e perspectivas da participação da mulher no mercado de trabalho: avanços e possibilidades
Authors: Figueiredo Bianca Araci de , Fernandes Hylio Lagana
Published: June 2020

Com a consolidação do sistema capitalista no século XIX, o mercado de trabalho passou por grandes transformações. A inserção e o crescimento da participação feminina foi uma das mudanças sociais mais significativas já ocorridas. Entretanto, em algumas atividades, assim como em cargos de destaque, a presença das mulheres é rara e o enfrentamento de discriminações é grande. Esse trabalho buscou discutir percepções de estudantes sobre diferentes possibilidades de carreiras para mulheres e homens. A pesquisa foi realizada com estudantes de 16-18 anos de uma escola periférica do interior de São Paulo. Foi observado que a aprendizagem cultural de diferenciação dos papéis sociais de gênero impacta a vida profissional das mulheres por meio de restrições e direcionamento das escolhas.
Preparation and Optimization Formula of Whey Protein-Pectin Complex As Nanocapsules for Lemon (Citrus limon) Juice
Authors: Azkiyah Lailatul , Yamamoto Yukihiro , Ogita Shinjiro , Yoshino Tomoyuki
Published: June 2020

Lemon (Citrus limon) juice was nanoencapsulated in whey protein concentrate (WPC)-pectin complex coacervates, and then dried using freeze-drying to produce solid nanocapsules. To optimize the nanoencapsulation condition, central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented. WPC (%), pectin (%) and pH level were taken as variables, while antioxidant activity and D-limonene content as responses. The optimized condition was in 6.0% WPC and 3.0% pectin at pH 3.1 by maximize the responses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed the morphology of lemon juice nanocapsules as spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 22.3 nm.
Effect of Different Ratios of Chicken Meat to Fresh Osyter Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) on the Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Acceptability of Sausages
Authors: Yahya Faridah , Ting Hun Tze
Published: June 2020

This study was aimed to determine the effect of different ratios of chicken meat to fresh oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) on the physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of chicken sausages. Five formulations of sausages were prepared by different combinations of chicken meat with fresh oyster mushroom (100:0, 85: 15, 70: 30, 55: 45 and 40: 60). The physicochemical analyses included color profile, texture profile, calorie values, and proximate analysis were carried in triplicate while sensory acceptability of chicken sausages were evaluated using sensory acceptance test with 7-point of hedonic scale. Results indicated that the b* value as well as the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness of sausages were significantly (p
On the forcings of the unusual Quasi-Biennial Oscillation structure in February 2016
Authors: Li Haiyan , Pilch Kedzierski Robin , Matthes Katja
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The westerly phase of the stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) was reversed during Northern Hemisphere winter 2015/2016 for the first time since records began in 1953. Recent studies proposed that Rossby waves propagating from the extratropics played an important role during the reversal event in 2015/2016. Building upon these studies, we separated the extratropical Rossby waves into different wavenumbers and timescales by analyzing the combined ERA-40 and ERA-Interim reanalysis zonal wind, meridional wind, vertical velocity, and potential vorticity daily mean data from 1958 to 2017. We find that both synoptic and quasi-stationary Rossby waves are dominant contributors to the reversal event in 2015/2016 in the tropical lower stratosphere. By comparing the results for 2015/2016 with two additional events (1959/1960 and 2010/2011), we find that the largest differences in Rossby wave momentum fluxes are related to synoptic-scale Rossby waves of periods from 5 to 20 d. We demonstrate for the first time, that these enhanced synoptic Rossby waves at 40 hPa in the tropics in February 2016 originate from the extratropics as well as from local wave generation. The strong Rossby wave activity in 2016 in the tropics happened at a time with weak westerly zonal winds. This coincidence of anomalous factors did not happen in any of the previous events. In addition to the anomalous behavior in the tropical lower stratosphere in 2015/2016, we explored the forcing of the unusually long-lasting westerly zonal wind phase in the middle stratosphere (at 20 hPa). Our results reveal that mainly enhanced Kelvin wave activity contributed to this feature. This was in close relation with the strong El Niño event in 2015/2016, which forced more Kelvin waves in the equatorial troposphere. The easterly or very weak westerly zonal winds present around 30–70 hPa allowed these Kelvin waves to propagate vertically and deposit their momentum around 20 hPa, maintaining the westerlies there.
Inverse modeling of SO2 and NOx emissions over China using multisensor satellite data – Part 1: Formulation and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Jun , Xu Xiaoguang , Henze Daven K. , Qu Zhen , Yang Kai
Published: June 2020

Abstract. SO2 and NO2 observations from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) sensor are used for the first time in conjunction with the GEOS-Chem adjoint model to optimize both SO2 and NOx emission estimates over China for October 2013. Separate and joint (simultaneous) optimizations of SO2 and NO2 emissions are both conducted and
compared. Posterior emissions, compared to the prior, yield improvements in
simulating columnar SO2 and NO2, in comparison to measurements
from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and OMPS. The posterior SO2 and NOx emissions from
separate inversions are 748 Gg S and 672 Gg N, which are 36 % and 6 %
smaller than prior MIX emissions (valid for 2010), respectively. In spite of the large reduction of SO2 emissions over the North China Plain, the simulated sulfate–nitrate–ammonium aerosol optical depth (AOD) only decrease slightly, which can be attributed to (a) nitrate rather than sulfate as the dominant contributor to AOD and (b) replacement of ammonium sulfate with ammonium nitrate as SO2 emissions are reduced. For joint inversions, both data quality control and the weight given to SO2 relative to
NO2 observations can affect the spatial distributions of the posterior
emissions. When the latter is properly balanced, the posterior emissions
from assimilating OMPS SO2 and NO2 jointly yield a difference of
−3 % to 15 % with respect to the separate assimilations for total
anthropogenic SO2 emissions and ±2 % for total anthropogenic
NOx emissions; but the differences can be up to 100 % for SO2
and 40 % for NO2 in some grid cells. Improvements on SO2 and
NO2 simulations from the joint inversions are overall consistent with
those from separate inversions. Moreover, the joint assimilations save
∼ 50 % of the computational time compared to assimilating SO2
and NO2 separately in a sequential manner of computation. The
sensitivity analysis shows that a perturbation of NH3 to 50 %
(20 %) of the prior emission inventory can (a) have a negligible impact on the
separate SO2 inversion but can lead to a decrease in posterior SO2
emissions over China by −2.4 % (−7.0 %) in total and up to −9.0 %
(−27.7 %) in some grid cells in the joint inversion with NO2 and (b) yield posterior NOx emission decreases over China by −0.7 %
(−2.8 %) for the separate NO2 inversion and by −2.7 % (−5.3 %) in
total and up to −15.2 % (−29.4 %) in some grid cells for the joint inversion. The large reduction of SO2 between 2010 and 2013, however, only leads to ∼ 10 % decrease in AOD regionally; reducing
surface aerosol concentration requires the reduction of emissions of
NH3 as well.
Correcting high-frequency losses of reactive nitrogen flux measurements
Authors: Wintjen Pascal , Ammann Christof , Schrader Frederik , Brümmer Christian
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Flux measurements of reactive nitrogen compounds are of increasing importance to assess the impact of unintended emissions on sensitive ecosystems and to evaluate the efficiency of mitigation strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the exchange of reactive nitrogen gases with the highest possible accuracy. This study gives insight into the performance of flux correction methods and their usability for reactive nitrogen gases. The eddy-covariance (EC) technique is today widely used in experimental field studies to measure land surface–atmosphere exchange of a variety of trace gases. In recent years, applying the EC technique to reactive nitrogen compounds has become more important since atmospheric nitrogen deposition influences the productivity and biodiversity of (semi)natural ecosystems and their carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange. Fluxes, which are calculated by EC, have to be corrected for setup-specific effects like attenuation in the high-frequency range. However, common methods for correcting such flux losses are mainly optimized for inert greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane or water vapor. In this study, we applied a selection of correction methods to measurements of total reactive nitrogen (ΣNr) conducted in different ecosystems using the Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter (TRANC) coupled to a chemiluminescence detector (CLD). Average flux losses calculated by methods using measured cospectra and ogives were approximately 26 %–38 % for a seminatural peatland and about 16 %–22 % for a mixed forest. The investigation of the different methods showed that damping factors calculated with measured heat and gas flux cospectra using an empirical spectral transfer function were most reliable. Flux losses of ΣNr with this method were on the upper end of the median damping range, i.e., 38 % for the peatland site and 22 % for the forest site. Using modified Kaimal cospectra for damping estimation worked well for the forest site but underestimated damping for the peatland site by about 12 %. Correction factors of methods based on power spectra or on site-specific and instrumental parameters were mostly below 10 %. Power spectra of ΣNr were heavily affected – likely by white noise – and deviated substantially at lower frequencies from the respective temperature (power) spectra. Our study supports the use of an empirical method for estimating flux losses of ΣNr or any reactive nitrogen compound and the use of locally measured cospectra.
The impact of atmospheric and oceanic circulations on the Greenland Sea iceconcentration
Authors: Chatterjee Sourav , Raj Roshin P. , Bertino Laurent , Merlind Sebastian H. , Murukesh Nuncio , Ravichandran Muthalagu
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The amount and spatial extent of Greenland Sea (GS) sea ice are primarily driven by the sea ice export across the Fram Strait (FS) and by local seasonal sea ice formation, melting and sea ice dynamics. Maximum sea ice concentration (SIC) variability is found in the marginal ice zone and ‘Odden’ region in the central GS. In this study, using satellite passive microwave sea ice observations, atmospheric and a coupled ocean-sea ice reanalysis system we show that both the atmospheric and oceanic circulation in the GS act in tandem to explain the SIC variability in the GS. Anomalous low/high sea level pressure (SLP) over the Nordic Seas is found to strengthen/weaken the Greenland Sea Gyre (GSG) circulation. The large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern associated with this GSG variability features North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) like SLP pattern with its northern center of action shifted north-eastward from its canonical position. During anomalous low SLP periods, northerly wind anomalies reduce the sea ice export in the central GS due to westward Ekman drift of sea ice. This in turn decreases the freshwater content and weakens ocean stratification in the central GS. At the same time, the associated positive wind stress curl anomaly strengthens the GSG circulation which recirculates warm and saline Atlantic water (AW) into this region. Under a weakly stratified condition, the subsurface AW anomalies can reach the surface to inhibit new sea ice formation, further reducing the SIC in the central GS. Thus, this study highlights combined influence of atmospheric and oceanic circulation in the central GS SIC variability.
Influence of packaging attributes on perception of juice: Eye-tracking study
Authors: Nemergut Ján , Mokrý Stanislav
Published: June 2020

Today, consumers are increasingly aware of the impact that the fast and stressful way of life has on their health. They focus not only on physical activity, but also on a diet filled with fruits and vegetables. As a result, they often choose a tasty alternative which is one of the main sources of vitamins and nutrients - fruit juices. However, these products are often labeled as drinks with high amounts of sugar. Therefore, it is very important for these drinks to be perceived by the consumers as healthy and tasty, which is one of the most important features of their packages. Their goal is to appeal to customers, catch their attention and make them buy the product. One of the most convenient methods to study how packages appeal to customers is the eye-tracking method. The aim of this article is to find out how different attributes of packages can influence customers’ perception of the juice. The research was carried out in a form of eye-tracking experiment (A/B testing), which involved 38 participants at the age from 20 to 29 (generation Y). Results showed that lower color saturation significantly reduces the attention of individual packages and also reduces the influence of craving the juice as opposed to brighter colors. The importance of information on the back side was also confirmed, since moving the information from back to the front side did not show any significant decrease of the back side's attention span. Last but not least, it has been found out that the image type used on the orange juice package holds importance too, since photography of oranges led to a higher craving of the juice in comparison to the illustration of oranges. However, it was not proven that photographs of oranges held a higher attention span compared to the illustrations. The article contains demonstrable proof of individual package attributes' influence on how generation Y consumers perceive the juice.
Polyphenols and antioxidant activity in pseudocereals and their products
Authors: Škrovánková Soňa , Válková Dagmar , Mlček Jiří­
Published: June 2020

Pseudocereals are important as gluten-free crops that could be utilized as functional foods. They contain proteins with high biological value and also bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals that can possess positive health effects on the body. Three types of pseudocereals (amaranth, buckwheat, and quinoa) were evaluated for polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Spectrophotometric methods were used for the determination of free phenols amount with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with DPPH and ABTS reagents. Free phenols, the predominant part of polyphenols, were in pseudocereals in the range from 12.4 to 678.1 mg GAE.100g-1. The highest content of FP was found in buckwheat products (146.8 - 678.1 mg GAE.100g-1); quinoa and amaranth products reached much lower values (up to 226.1 mg GAE.100g-1). Antioxidant activity was in an agreement with the FP amounts order, the highest TAC values were again for buckwheat products (167.3 - 473.9 and 876.9 - 3524.8 mg TE.100g-1), followed by quinoa (78.2 - 100.6 and 738.9 - 984.5 mg TE.100g-1) and amaranth ones (25.0 - 69.7 and 118.2 - 431.4 mg TE.100g-1). A high positive correlation between FP amount and TAC values was evaluated for analyzed pseudocereals. The highest content of free phenols and the best antioxidant potential showed buckwheat wholemeal flour, so buckwheat could be characterized as a great source of free phenols with high antioxidant activity.
Food adulteration and safety regarding detected market cases and consumer opinions
Authors: Fikselová Martina , Benešová Lucia , Zajác Peter , Golian Jozef , Čapla Jozef
Published: June 2020

Food fraud is one of the long-standing causes of scandals attracting particular attention for a long time. This study aimed to monitor food fraud in the European Union and to identify the relationships among the countries where the cases were reported, adulterated commodities (seafood, eggs, milk, meat, fish, and their products) and types of fraud. The secondary data were covered by the survey focused on consumer knowledge about fraudulent activities, ingredient substitution, masking of origin, mislabeling, placing on the market of foods not fit for human consumption within Slovak inhabitants. Primary and secondary data were used to achieve this aim. Primary data were obtained from the Food Fraud and Quality Knowledge Center (KCFFQ) and secondary data from the questionnaire survey from 354 respondents. During the period from 2017 to 2019, 163 cases of food fraud were reported, most of which originated from Italy and mainly concerned fish and fish products. Based on primary data and one-way ANOVA statistical tests, we confirmed five hypotheses. There was found no statistical impact of the country on the type of food fraud (p = 0.0067), but the significant effect was determined on which food was adulterated (p = 0.000001). There was no statistical correlation among years and countries where the cases were reported (p = 0.110), but the statistically significant correlation was confirmed among years and commodities (p = 0.0043) and types of fraud reported (p = 0.009). Based on the processed secondary data from the questionnaire, we can conclude some information or public interest in food fraud problems.
Is that Different from the?
Authors: Theng Quek Soh , Chan Mei Yuit
Published: June 2020

English is a language with overt morphological representations of articles. On the other hand, Malay and Mandarin Chinese have none. In Malaysia, pupils are exposed to English articles as early as four years old. Despite early exposure, articles, or the definite article the specifically, appear to be a marked grammatical property for Chinese-speaking and Malay-speaking learners, two languages without articles. Based on the Fluctuation Hypothesis and Article Choice Parameter, this study seeks to investigate and compare the role of first language (L1) transfer on the article acquisition of the 77 L1 Chinese and 116 L1 Malay ESL learners, who were teacher trainees recruited from three teachers’ training institutes in Malaysia. The respondents were tested utilising a production task and a comprehension task. The statistical analyses of the participants’ performance revealed that only the advanced and intermediate groups of both L1 Chinese and L1 Malay ESL learners registered clear distinctions between the usage in the ‘Unique and salient’ and ‘Unique and non-salient’ categories and that usage in the ‘Non-unique’ category. The high accuracy rates suggest that L1 lexical transfer contributed to the positive performance by the ESL learners. The advanced and intermediate L1 Chinese and L1 Malay learners continuously interpreted the singular definite descriptions as referring to uniquely immediate salient entities similar to the demonstrative descriptions, making interpretations of the and that seemed similar.
¿De qué te ríes, Demócrito? : genialidad y melancolía (segunda parte)
Authors: McCadden Martínez Carlos Jeffrey , Durand Guevara Federico G.
Published: June 2020

Democritus has been labeled "the laughing philosopher". The purpose of this article is to reflect on the reasons that led this genius to laugh. The encounter with Hippocrates, the famous physician, leads to questioning concepts such as madness, sanity and truly knowledge.
Case – Highly aggressive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder presenting with solitary metastasis to the phalanx
Authors: Assem Hisham , Broeke Nolan , Coleman Lance , Gotto Geoffrey , Bismar Tarek
Published: June 2020

NA
Impact of the systemic immune-inflammation index for the prediction of prognosis and modification of the risk model in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Teishima Jun , Inoue Shogo , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Matsubara Akio , Mita Koji , Hasegawa Yasuhisa , Kato Masao , Kajiwara Mitsuru , Shigeta Masanobu , Maruyama Satoshi , Moriyama Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Seiji
Published: June 2020

Introduction: International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria are the most representative risk model for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, the intermediate-risk group of IMDC criteria is thought to include patients with different prognoses because the majority of the patients are classified into the intermediate-risk group. In this study, we investigated the impact of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), which is calculated based on neutrophil count, platelet count, and lymphocyte count, on predicting the prognosis in patients with mRCC and its usefulness for re-classification of patients with a more sophisticated risk model.

Methods: From January 2008 to January 2018, 179 mRCC patients with a pretreatment and SII were retrospectively investigated. All patients were classified into either a high-SII group or a low-SII group based on the cutoff value of a SII at 730, as reported in previous studies; the overall survival (OS) rates in each group were compared.

Results: The median age was 65 years old. Males and females comprised 145 and 34 cases, respectively. The categories of favorable-, intermediate-, and poor-risk groups in the IMDC model were assessed in 39, 102, and 38 cases, respectively. The median of the observation period was 24 months. The low-SII and high-SII groups consisted of 73 and 106 cases, respectively. The 50% OS in the high-SII group was 21.4 months, which was significantly worse than that in the low-SII group (49.7 months; p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that a high SII was an independent predictive factor for a worse OS. Next, we constructed a modified IMDC risk model that included the SII instead of a neutrophil count and a platelet count. By using this modified IMDC model, all cases were re-classified into four groups of 33, 52, 81, and 13 cases with 50% OS of 88.8, 45.9, 29.4, and 4.8 months, respectively.

Conclusions: The systemic immune-inflammation index is useful for establishing a more sophisticated prognostic model that can stratify mRCC patients into four groups with different prognoses.
An Approach to Reggaeton’s Songs: A Co-Educational and Pedagogical Proposal with Teenagers
Authors: Campo Sandra Soler
Published: June 2020

Currently there is a great variety of musical styles that coexist in our society. We can access music in very different ways and with immediacy never before imagined. For teenagers, music is a key element in defining their identity, socializing and taking refuge in their inner world.

This communication focuses on the analysis of songs from the Reggaeton music genre and the way in which students receive them. The co-educational proposal carried out in a private secondary school in Barcelona will be explained. Its main objectives will be, on the one hand, to foster a critical spirit in the students towards these types of songs and, on the other hand, to offer an education in terms of equality that deconstructs myths and stereotypes.