bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Group 6 germylidyne complexes in the gas phase by LIFDI and APCI mass spectrometry
Authors: Maurer Leonard R. , Engeser Marianne
Published: November 2022

Although showing fascinating chemical properties and reactivity in solution, heavier tetrelylidyne complexes with M≡E triple bonds have not been studied in the gas phase before due to their high sensitivity towards air and moisture. We selected four group 6 germylidyne complexes, [Cp(PMe3)2M≡GeArMes] (M = Mo (1-Mo), W (1-W), ArMes = 2,6-dimesitylphenyl) and [Tp’(CO)2M≡GeArMes] (M = Mo (2-Mo), W (2-W), Tp’ = κ3- N,N’,N’’-hydridotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) borate), for a mass-spectrometric study. Liquid Injection Field Desorption Ionization (LIFDI) proved to be a well-suited technique to ionize these sensitive compounds as the spectra show the molecular ions as radical cations and only minor traces of fragmentation or degradation products. In addition, Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) connected to a high-resolving tandem mass spectrometer allowed us to study the gas-phase fragmentation behaviour of these compounds. The fragmentation patterns not only comprise the expected losses of phosphane or carbonyl ligands, respectively, but also indicate C–H bond activation by the electron-deficient metal centre. An enhanced reactivity of the tungsten species is visible in a preferred methyl abstraction in the phosphane complex 1-W compared to 1-Mo. Although degradation in solution before ionization obviously can destroy the M≡Ge triple bond, the cleavage of the M≡Ge bond upon gas-phase activation is not observed for the Mo species and only as a minor pathway for the W compounds, highlighting the high bonding energy between metal and tetrel.
Don’t Hesitate to Vaccinate—The Safety of Covid-19 Vaccination and Epilepsy
Authors: Widdess-Walsh Peter
Published: November 2022

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ABCDEF…SUDEP: Action Potential Barrage in (Superior) Colliculus Causes (Spreading) Depolarization Leading to Epilepsy Fatality
Authors: Buchanan Gordon F.
Published: November 2022

[Box: see text]
Mossy Cells and Epileptogenesis: From Synaptic Strengthening to Seizures
Authors: Brewster Amy L.
Published: November 2022

[Box: see text]
Magnetic effect of government responsiveness on public participation: An empirical analysis based on the provincial Leadership Message Board in China
Authors: Chang Duofen , Meng Tianguang
Published: November 2022

The relationship of government responsiveness and public participation is an important issue of the opinion-policy nexus theory. Based on the “Leadership Message Board” 31 province of China, this study systematically investigated the effect of government responsiveness on public participation. The results find government responsiveness has a magnetic effect on public participation, and the response efficiency, response actors, and response discourse have different effects on public participation. Besides, response discourse has a moderating effect on the influence of high-level response and authoritative department response on public participation. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the governance logic of government responsiveness.
A novel 3-Fr guiding sheath for transradial access in aneurysm embolization: Technical note
Authors: Fuga Michiyasu , Tanaka Toshihide , Tachi Rintaro , Wachi Ryoto , Teshigawara Akihiko , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Hasegawa Yuzuru , Murayama Yuichi
Published: November 2022

Neurointervention via transradial access (TRA) is challenging when the radial artery is narrow. We performed aneurysm embolization via TRA using a novel 3-Fr guiding sheath (GS) (Axcelguide; Medikit, Tokyo, Japan) with an outer diameter of only 1.76 mm for patients with a radial artery of inner diameter less than 2 mm, and described the whole procedure and pitfalls as a technical note. Here, we present two patients with radial arteries less than 2 mm. One patient had a narrow neck intracranial aneurysm at the bifurcation of the left vertebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery, which was embolized with the primary coiling technique. The other was a patient with a wide-necked extracranial aneurysm in the cavernous portion of the right internal carotid artery, which was embolized with the transcell technique with stent. We utilized a 3-Fr GS, distal access catheter, and a 0.0165-inch microcatheter for coil embolization. All aneurysms were completely occluded, without neurological or puncture site-related complications including subcutaneous hematoma, radial artery occlusion, and vasospasm. This report provides the first description of neurointervention using a 3-Fr GS. The 3-Fr GS contributed to successful completion of TRA aneurysm embolization without neurological or puncture site-related complications in patients with radial arteries narrower than 2 mm. The 3-Fr GS may be useful to accomplish aneurysmal embolization via TRA even in patients with a small radial artery.
Theoretically Informed Hospital Ethnography: Reflecting on Method
Authors: Chartrand Louise
Published: November 2022

Disciplines anchor themselves using a particular kind of epistemology and ontology to produced it’s knowledge. In healthcare, quantitative research has been dominant were in social sciences, qualitative research was. However, in the last two decades, we have seen a mixing (better said in French with the word métissage) of strategies within those two disciplines. Despite the newfound acceptance of qualitative research within the healthcare field, some criticism about those strategies still exists and still impact the feasibility of conducting qualitative research, especially in hospital setting. More particularly, when it comes to the systematisation of the method, when conducting ethnography. In this paper, I argue that ethnography does remain scientifically rigorous, especially when it is informed by theory and used consistently. This article presents the ways in which I negotiated the uncertainties of doing a hospital ethnography on the use of the ventilator by using concepts from Latour’s (2005) Actor’s Network Theory, of ‘mediators’ and ‘intermediaries’. Staying attuned to various actors in the healthcare setting and taking care to ensure that whatever my research brought into the field maintained an intermediary status enabled me to alter my methods in the field while still respecting the necessity to gather data systematically.
The desire for parenthood among individuals with intellectual disabilities : systematic review
Authors: Guénoun Tamara , Essadek Aziz , Clesse Christophe , Mauran-Mignorat Marion , Veyron-Lacroix Estelle , Ciccone Albert , Smaniotto Barbara
Published: November 2022

Background: This qualitative systematic review provides an overview of existing studies on the desire for parenthood of people with intellectual disabilities. Method: The scientific studies were identified following the Prisma protocol on 18 databases using keywords relating to sexuality and parenting. Results: Sixteen studies have been included and three categories identified: the obstacles and motivations to becoming a parent; parents’ decision making during pregnancy; and the social construction of a parental identity. The results from these studies show that people with intellectual disabilities have a genuine desire for children, which is repressed because of an unfavorable social context. Conclusion: Further clinical and participatory research is needed to better understand the singular modes of expression of people’s intimate desires and how to better accompany them on this issue.
An investigation into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic upon golfers’ strength and conditioning and golf practice
Authors: Langdown Ben L , Ehlert Alex
Published: November 2022

As the spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 increased, governments across the world introduced various restrictions to reduce infections. Stay-at-home orders and lockdowns of golf courses (for 5.08 ± 2.79 months) and strength and conditioning facilities (for 6.78 ± 3.80 months) meant that golfers had to quickly adapt their practice and training. This mixed-methods study surveyed amateur and professional golfers (n = 107), to examine the applied impact of the pandemic on their strength and conditioning, golf practice, tournament engagement, levels of stress and motivation and the impact upon diet and sleep. Results indicate reduced practice frequency and duration across various aspects of golf, as well as reduced tournament engagement. The most commonly cited limiting factors for tournament engagement were a lack of practice time (28.8%) and travel restrictions (52.5%). In general, golfers were motivated to train, with session frequency remaining consistent with pre-pandemic levels. However, golfers suffered from significantly higher levels of stress ( p < .001), disturbed sleep ( p = .015) and perceptions of less physical gains compared to previous years. While online support has been accessed by 53.8% of golfers, the cited lack of facilities/equipment by 71.9% raises concerns over detraining and injury risks on return to sport. Coaches are urged to monitor athlete self-report measures to manage and optimise interventions, especially in similar situations where maintaining progressive overload is challenging. Strength and conditioning and golf coaches can use this study to review their applied practices, consider benefits/limitations to online coaching and to modify future interventions.
Multisensor information fusion method for intelligent fault diagnosis of reciprocating compressor in shale gas development
Authors: Tang Yang , Yang Xin , Lei Bo , Yang Liu , Xie Chong
Published: November 2022

To address the problems of the poor feature extraction ability and weak data generalization ability of traditional fault diagnosis methods in reciprocating shale gas compressor fault diagnosis applications, in this study, a fault diagnosis method for reciprocating shale gas was developed. This method uses a novel optimized learning method, free energy in persistent contrastive divergence, in deep belief network learning and training. It solves the problem of the deep belief network classification ability degradation in long-term training. The root mean square error is used as the fitness function to search for the optimal parameter combination of the DBN network by using the sparrow search algorithm. At the same time, the learning rate and batch size of the deep belief network, which have a large impact on the training error, are selected for optimization. Then, the original vibration signal is preprocessed by calculating 13 different time domain indicators, and feature-level data and decision-level data are fused in a parallel superposition method to obtain a fused time domain index dataset. Finally, combined with the powerful adaptive feature extraction and nonlinear mapping ability of deep learning, the constructed sample dataset is input to the deep belief network for training, and the deep belief network based on reciprocating shale gas compressor fault diagnosis model is established.
Anaesthesia cart standardisation expedites supply retrieval: A simulation study with patient safety implications
Authors: Brewbaker Carey L , Mester Robert A , Wilson Dulaney A , Massman Kaylee , Pillow Clinton F , Wilson Sylvia H
Published: November 2022

Background:

Anaesthesia providers often work at a variety of perioperative and procedural locations. However, the layout of anaesthesia supplies and equipment is often inconsistent from operating theatre to operating theatre. This lack of standardisation may create delays in identification and retrieval of supplies. The primary goal of this study was to compare the duration of time required by anaesthesia providers to identify and retrieve a list of anaesthesia supplies prior to and after standardisation of the location for anaesthesia supplies.

Methods:

In this observational simulation study, a pre-set list of ten items that may be rapidly needed when caring for patients was created. Volunteer anaesthesia providers were then timed retrieving these in two different operating theatres before and after anaesthesia cart standardisation. Cumulative time to retrieve all items was recorded in seconds. Participants were evaluated regarding mean time to compete the task before and after supply standardisation. Paired t-test were used to assess mean time to retrieve the ten items both before and after standardisation and between the two operating theatre locations. Providers were also evaluated on their familiarity with the operating theatre location, and this was assessed by chi-square tests of homogeneity. Multivariable generalised linear modelling was used to evaluate the impact of covariables on the change in time.

Results:

Data from 18 anaesthesia providers was collected. Mean (95% confidence interval) time in seconds to retrieve items was decreased by 45% after supply standardisation (105.3 [88.6, 121.9 vs 57.1 [50.8, 63.5]; p < 0.001) with a mean (95% confidence interval) reduction of 48.1 seconds (30.6, 65.6; p < 0.001). Providers who worked primarily at that location also had faster times to complete the task. In a multivariable regression model that considered both the provider’s familiarity with the location and the simulation attempt (Operating theatre 1 or Operating theatre 2), the mean time to retrieve all items remained reduced by 48.1 seconds (95% confidence interval: 31.9–64.4) after supply standardisation (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Standardisation of the location for anaesthesia supplies decreased the time for on-demand item retrieval. Retrieval times were most improved after standardisation for providers in an unfamiliar area. Supply standardisation of anaesthesia carts across perioperative and procedural sites could result in more timely interventions in patient care and efficiency
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health screening, illness and pregnancy outcomes: A cohort study
Authors: Lo Andre C. Q. , Kemp Michelle , Kabacs Nikolett
Published: November 2022

Background

The aim was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health screening, illness and related pregnancy complications/outcomes.

Methods

A single-centre retrospective cohort study in mothers giving birth before versus during the pandemic. Primary outcomes were the comparative prevalence/incidence of peripartum psychiatric diagnoses. Secondary outcomes were the pandemic's effect on psychiatric screening accuracy, and on other pregnancy outcomes linked to mental health.

Results

The pandemic did not significantly increase the crude incidence of diagnosed peripartum anxiety (risk ratio (RR) = 1.39, 95% CI = 0.66–2.95), depression (RR = 1.63, 95% CI = 0.72–3.70) or other pregnancy outcomes. In multivariate models, the pandemic decreased Apgar scores and was involved in interaction effects for postpartum mental illness and birthweight. Psychiatric screening at the booking appointment exhibited lower sensitivity in predicting antenatal mental illness (pre-pandemic = 85.71%, pandemic = 25.00%; p = 0.035).

Conclusions

The lowered screening sensitivity likely meant mental illness was poorly anticipated/under-detected during the pandemic, leading to no crude increase in perinatal psychiatric diagnoses.
Fisetin Ameliorates Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Experimental Model Parkinson's Disease: Role of Mitochondrial Activities and Monoamines Turnover
Authors: Cao Wenhui , Liang Shaodong , Yang Yindong , Zhu Chuanzhen , Sun Li , Zhang Liming
Published: November 2022

Background: Levodopa (or l-DOPA) is the current standard of care for the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its chronic administration has been associated with the development of LID (l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia). Fisetin is a dietary flavonoid known for its neuroprotective efficacy. Aim: To determine the neuroprotective potential of fisetin in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned LID animals. Methods: 6-OHDA (12 µg and L-ascorbic acid [10 µL]) was injected in a substantial nigra of Sprague-Dawley rat to develop PD followed by l-DOPA (20 mg/kg and benserazide HCl [5 mg/kg], 42 days) to induce LID. Rats were concomitantly administered with vehicle or amantadine (40 mg/kg), or fisetin (5, 10, and 25 mg/kg, p.o.) for 42 days with l-DOPA. Results: Chronic l-DOPA administration resulted in progressive abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs viz. axial, forelimb, and orolingual), akinesia (forelimb adjusting steps, FAS), muscular rigidity (catalepsy bar test), muscular coordination, and neurological impairments. Fisetin at doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg effectively reduced ( P < .05) these LID-induced AIMs and behavioral changes. Furthermore, fisetin treatment markedly ( P < .05) attenuated LID-induced diminished striatal mitochondrial complex activities, striatal monoamines (serotonin [5-HT] and dopamine [DA]), elevated monoamines turnover (DA: DOPAC and 5-HT: 5-HIAA). In addition, fisetin treatment effectively ( P < .05) reversed the upregulated expressions of striatal cFOS, FosB, Homer, Nurr-77, Parkin, and Pdyn. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that fisetin offered neuroprotection via amelioration of striatum mitochondrial dysfunction and monoamine (5-HT and DA) turnover to halt further development of abnormal involuntary movement and dyskinesia.
Repurposing a WhatsApp group: How a fantasy cricket group transformed into a site of care and support during India's second wave of Covid-19
Authors: Deshbandhu Aditya , Sahni Sejal
Published: November 2022

Set in the context of India's second Covid-19 wave (April–June 2021), this article examines the transformation of a WhatsApp group originally created to study a pool of fantasy sport players into a site of care, concern, and support. By using netnography and in-depth interviews to chart the various challenges faced by the study's participants, the article analyzes how key health information was curated, moderated, and shared by the group's participants during the period. Our findings indicate that during the Covid-19 wave, users of WhatsApp relied on the personal connections it offered as they found ways to make the platform their own. By harnessing WhatsApp's capabilities with regard to accessing and sharing essential information that was both timely and locationally relevant, users of the service found ways to stay informed in moments that were fraught with uncertainty. By analyzing the various ways in which the group's participants shared information with each other and outside of the group, this study argues that the insights obtained can be used to understand broader social realities and the possibilities offered by platforms such as WhatsApp that could help navigate the various challenges presented by the ongoing pandemic in the Global South.
Upadacitinib for the treatment of alopecia areata and severe atopic dermatitis in a paediatric patient: A case report
Authors: Bourkas Adrienn N , Sibbald Cathryn
Published: November 2022

This case report describes the first successful treatment of alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis with the Janus kinase 1 inhibitor upadacitinib in a paediatric patient. After minimal response to topical corticosteroids and spironolactone, improvements in hair growth on the scalp and body were noted after only 6 weeks of upadacitinib treatment.
Porokeratosis of gluteal region: A case report
Authors: Shrestha Suraj , Aryal Roshan , Homagain Sushan , Tiwari Sansar Babu , Rayamajhi Buddha , Parajuli Sudip , Paudel Upama
Published: November 2022

Genitogluteal porokeratosis is a rare localized disorder of keratinization. Due to the rarity of the case and non-specific keratotic lesion, it is often misdiagnosed until a histological examination is performed. Treatment of this condition can be challenging, which comprises various topical and systemic drugs, lasers, cryotherapy, phototherapy, and also surgical intervention. Regular follow-up is necessary in the view of this disorder being a premalignant condition.
An unusual presentation of acute diaphragmatic hernia complicated by tension gastrothorax an under-recognized cause of cardiac arrest due to a fall from a height: A case report and literature review
Authors: Paramasivam Selvakumar Jegannathan , Purushothaman Senthil , Al Bshabshe Ali , Eltaher Osman Mohammed Jameel , Alwadai Nasser Mohammed , Sulaiman Naif , Palanivel Omprakash
Published: November 2022

A diaphragmatic hernia is a protrusion of the abdominal contents into the negative pressure thoracic cavity through a congenital or acquired diaphragmatic defect. Generally, acquired diaphragmatic hernia is a rare, life-threatening condition that usually follows blunt/penetrating trauma or an iatrogenic cause, resulting in the diaphragmatic rupture, accompanied by the herniation of abdominal visceral organs. We report a 47-year-old male construction worker who sustained a fall from a height of about 30 feet height. He presented with hypoxia initially and, after a primary survey, was found to have a traumatic rupture of the diaphragm with herniation of the stomach and abdominal contents, causing signs of obstructive shock. After adequate resuscitation in the Emergency Department, he was rushed to operating room. There, he suffered two very short pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrests. Therefore, an emergency anterolateral thoracotomy was done, and it was extended into laparotomy to reduce the abdominal contents through the diaphragmatic tear of 12 cm, which restored the spontaneous circulation. He recovered eventually, despite chest infections and pulmonary atelectasis, and was discharged on the 28th day and remained in good condition during the outpatient visit. Tension gastrothorax or viscerothorax is rare, but an under-recognized cause of cardiac arrest in the trauma setting necessitates a vigilant evaluation and early suspicion to prevent a catastrophic outcome. This case report emphasizes the inclusion of tension viscero or abdominal thorax as one of the recognizable causes of a pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest.
Assessment of utilization of health care services and the associated factors among adult fee-waiver beneficiaries in Hawassa, southern Ethiopia: A community based cross sectional study
Authors: Damte Tegegn Biruk , Negeri Keneni Gutema
Published: November 2022

Background:

Over the past decades, developing countries like Ethiopia have resorted to the implementation of user fees in public health care systems. Nonetheless, evidences suggest that user fees affect the poor negatively. Therefore, Ethiopian government introduced fee-waiver mechanism in 1998 aiming to mitigate the financial constraints faced by the poorest segment of the population in utilizing health care services. Yet, in the country, there is limited evidence on this subject.

Objective:

The overall objective of the study was to assess health care utilization and the associated factors among the fee-waiver beneficiaries in Hawassa City of Southern Ethiopia.

Methodology:

A quantitative, cross-sectional study design was employed using a sample of 636 fee-waiver beneficiaries. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using binary logistic regression. An odds ratio with the corresponding CI was used to identify the associated factors, while P < 0.05 was used to declare significance.

Results:

The response rate to the survey is 581(91.4%). Of this, 377 (65%) utilized health services in the preceding 3 months of data collection. Availability of medical equipment [AOR = 1.501; 95% C.I. (1.066–2.114)], being >50 years of age [AOR  =  2.271; 95% C.I. (1.304–3.953)], improved drug availability in the health care facilities [AOR  =  1.682; 95% C.I. (1.118–2.530)] and beneficiaries’ perception of health worker’s handling practice [AOR  =  3.759; 95% C.I. (1.425–9.912)] were among the significant factors associated with beneficiaries’ utilization of health care services at public health facilities.

Conclusion and recommendation:

The overall fee waiver beneficiaries’ health care utilizations rate is 64.9%. Optimizing availability of medical equipment, enhancing drug availability and strengthening good patient handling practices are recommended.
Arthroscopic Repair of Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tears in Patients 70 Years and Older
Authors: Fares Austin B. , Scanaliato John P. , Dunn John C. , Sandler Alexis B. , Fink Walter A. , Parnes Nata
Published: November 2022

Background:

There continues to be significant debate on how to manage traumatic rotator cuff tears in older patients.

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients ≥70 years who underwent arthroscopic repair of traumatic rotator cuff tears.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

This retrospective review of prospectively collected data examined outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in patients aged ≥70 years with traumatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears. The authors compared preoperative and postoperative outcomes, including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores, pain visual analog scale (pVAS) scores, and range of motion measures, as well as assessing postoperative complications.

Results:

A total of 31 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean patient age at the time of surgery was 73.6 ± 3.3 years (range, 70-82 years), and the mean follow-up was 38.8 months (range, 24-99 months). The most common mechanism of injury was low-energy falls (87%), followed by motor vehicle collisions (13%). From preoperatively to postoperatively, ASES scores improved from 36.5 ± 15.5 to 95.2 ± 7.7, SANE scores improved from 41.13% ± 20.4% to 94% ± 10.26%, and pVAS scores improved from 7.74 ± 2.13 to 0.48 ± 1.03 ( P < .0001 for all). A comparison of repairs performed at <6 months versus ≥6 months from injury yielded no statistically significant differences in ASES, SANE, or pVAS scores ( P = .930, .445, and .806, respectively) or in forward flexion, external rotation, or internal rotation ( P = .328, .063, and .811, respectively) at the final follow-up.

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for traumatic full-thickness tears in patients aged ≥70 years demonstrated favorable clinical results. Surgery before or after 6 months of injury did not affect outcomes in this cohort. Surgical treatment should be strongly considered for traumatic rotator cuff tears in the elderly population.
Challenging Times for Cochlear Implant Users – Effect of Face Masks on Audiovisual Speech Understanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sönnichsen Rasmus , Tó Gerard Llorach , Hohmann Volker , Hochmuth Sabine , Radeloff Andreas
Published: November 2022

Unhindered auditory and visual signals are essential for a sufficient speech understanding of cochlear implant (CI) users. Face masks are an important hygiene measurement against the COVID-19 virus but disrupt these signals. This study determinates the extent and the mechanisms of speech intelligibility alteration in CI users caused by different face masks. The audiovisual German matrix sentence test was used to determine speech reception thresholds (SRT) in noise in different conditions (audiovisual, audio-only, speechreading and masked audiovisual using two different face masks). Thirty-seven CI users and ten normal-hearing listeners (NH) were included. CI users showed a reduction in speech reception threshold of 5.0 dB due to surgical mask and 6.5 dB due to FFP2 mask compared to the audiovisual condition without mask. The greater proportion of reduction in SRT by mask could be accounted for by the loss of the visual signal (up to 4.5 dB). The effect of each mask was significantly larger in CI users who exclusively hear with their CI (surgical: 7.8 dB, p = 0.005 and FFP2: 8.7 dB, p = 0.01) compared to NH (surgical: 3.8 dB and FFP2: 5.1 dB). This study confirms that CI users who exclusively rely on their CI for hearing are particularly susceptible. Therefore, visual signals should be made accessible for communication whenever possible, especially when communicating with CI users.
Patient Satisfaction With a Nurse-Led Pain Management Program: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Ethiopia
Authors: Germossa Gugsa Nemera , Sjetne Ingeborg Strømseng , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Hellesø Ragnhild
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Patient satisfaction is one of the important indicators of quality care.

Objective

To examine patient ratings of pain management satisfaction before and after introducing a nurse-led management program.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design with three cross-sectional surveys between October 1, 2016 and June 15, 2017. A total of 845 patients admitted to the four inpatient departments (medicine, surgery, maternity, and gynecology) of Jimma University Medical Centre were invited to participate in the study. A questionnaire adapted from the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire, Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale, and related literature was used for the survey. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (categorical variables), t-tests for continuous variables, and robust regression to determine the effect of nurse-led management program on patient satisfaction. For all tests, p-values <.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

Of the 845 patients invited, 782 (92.5%) participated in the surveys—Survey 1: N = 256; Survey 2: N = 259; Survey 3: N = 267. The proportion of patients who perceived that staff responded within 30 min increased from 67.8% in Survey 1 to 71.1% in Survey 2 and 74.2% in Survey 3. On a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = strongly dissatisfied and 5 = strongly satisfied), the overall mean patient satisfaction with pain management was 3.61 (SD 0.80) in Survey 1, 3.81 (SD 0.86) in Survey 2, and 4.10 (SD 0.64) in Survey 3. Moreover, the patients scored significantly higher on all satisfaction items in Survey 2 (B ranged between 0.12 and 0.41) and Survey 3 (B ranged between 0.24 and 0.74) compared to Survey 1.

Conclusion

The patients’ ratings of their satisfaction and staff nurse responsiveness following the nurse-led pain management program have increased compared to the levels before the intervention. However, further studies, including those with a control group, are warranted to confirm the results.
The Relationship Between Mindfulness and Conflict Resolution Styles Among Nurse Managers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Assi Mohammad Dar , Eshah Nidal F. , Rayan Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Mindfulness might help nurse managers in dealing with conflicts. However, the relationship between mindfulness and conflict resolution styles were still not clearly understood.

Objective

To identify the relationship between mindfulness and conflict resolution and to predict the conflict resolution styles of nurse managers through mindfulness.

Methods

A descriptive correlational cross-sectional design was employed. A convenience sample of 197 nurse managers was recruited from five public and two university hospitals. Data about nurse managers’ mindfulness and conflict management styles were collected through self-reported scales. The data was collected between January and March 2020.

Results

Mindfulness was significantly associated with integrating ( r = 0.31, p < .001) and obliging ( r = 0.14, p = .045) conflict resolution styles. Mindfulness was able to uniquely predict using the integrating conflict resolution style (χ² = 4.65, p = .031).

Conclusions

Mindfulness is uniquely related to integrating conflict resolution among nurse managers. The findings encourage stakeholders in health care organizations to develop training programs to improve managers’ conflict resolution skills and to invest in managers’ mindfulness.
Are neighbourhood amenities associated with more walking and less driving? Yes, but predominantly for the wealthy
Authors: Heroy Samuel , Loaiza Isabella , Pentland Alex , O’Clery Neave
Published: November 2022

Cities are home to a vast array of amenities, from local barbers to science museums and shopping malls. But these are unequally distributed across urban space. Using Google Places data combined with trip-based mobility data for Bogotá, Colombia, we shed light on the impact of neighbourhood amenities on urban mobility patterns. By deriving a new accessibility metric that explicitly takes into account spatial range, we find that a higher density of local amenities is associated with a higher likelihood of walking as well as shorter bus and car trips. Digging deeper, we use an effect modification framework to show that this relationship varies by socioeconomic status. Our main focus is walking and driving, finding that amenities within about a 1-km radius from home are robustly associated with a higher propensity to walk and shorter driving time only for the wealthiest group. These results suggest that wealthier groups may weigh the proximity of local amenities more heavily into travel decisions, perhaps based on differentiated time-money trade-offs. As cities globally aim to boost public transport and green travel, these findings enable us to better understand how commercial structure shapes urban mobility in highly income-segregated settings.
Who can walk? An analysis of public amenity access in America’s ten largest cities
Authors: Talen Emily
Published: November 2022

How uneven is the proximity to public amenities like libraries and schools among racial groups, or children and older people? This paper uses a catchment area approach to evaluate walkable proximity to four common public amenities (parks, libraries, schools, and transit stops), looking at four racial categories and a set of variables that one might reasonably expect proximity to be related to (e.g., population density). For each of the 10 largest US cities examined, location quotients for each amenity (libraries, parks, schools, and transit stops) were calculated at three distances (0.25 miles, 0.5 miles, and 1 mile). Across all amenities, the racial group whose LQ had the greatest increase when comparing net median change between distance bands (i.e., between .25 miles and 1 mile) was Black Americans. There were large differences between the location quotient means and medians in non-White racial groups for each amenity, indicating a large amount of skew. In most cities and with most amenities, the difference between mean and median was considerably smaller in White populations, indicating a more normal curve and fewer outliers. Proximity, in other words, seems to be more homogenous in White populations. The LQs were also significantly higher in White populations across cities. Further, in all cities except Los Angeles, Asian populations were generally the most under-represented group for each catchment area around each amenity. The fact that non-White residents predominantly had lower LQs and therefore lower access (with some exceptions, for example, in the case of schools) is a generalized and problematic finding that adds to the body of evidence documenting the spatial injustices that American cities continue to manifest.
The Impact of Social Safety Net Programs on Poverty, Food Security and Standard of Living in Bangladesh
Authors: Asma Khatun Mst. , Misu Farjana , Islam Mohammad Amirul
Published: November 2022

This article examines the impact of the Social safety net program (SSNP) on poverty, food security and standard of living by focusing on types and features of SSNPs along with socio-economic and demographic characteristics in one enclave (Dahagram–Angarpota) and one ex-enclave (Dasiar Chhara) areas of Bangladesh. Quantitative and survey research methods were used for the study. The results show that amount supported under SSNPs, duration of SSNPs support and payment interval are the significant factors of poverty, food insecurity and standard of living. The results also identify some significant demographic and socio-economic factors of poverty, food insecurity and standard of living. Overall, this study suggests that a higher amount SSNPs support, longer duration of SSNPs support and shorter payment interval of SSNPs should be taken into consideration when redesigning the SSNPs. Furthermore, the significant demographic and socio-economic factors should be addressed in the policy formulation for improving poverty, food security and standard of living of the poor households in Bangladesh.
Peroral-cholangioscopy to plan surgery for protruding biliary lesions: report of four cases
Authors: Tringali Andrea , Milluzzo Sebastian Manuel , Ardito Francesco , Laurenzi Andrea , Ettorre Giuseppe Maria , Barbaro Brunella , Ricci Riccardo , Giuliante Felice , Boškoski Ivo , Costamagna Guido
Published: November 2022

Intraductal biliary lesions can involve the main hepatic confluence. Assessment of the extension of pedunculated biliary lesions during per-oral cholangioscopy (POCS) can optimize and personalize the surgical strategy. Four consecutive cases of pedunculated biliary lesions were analysed. Cholangioscopy was performed with a disposable single-operator cholangioscope. POSC was successfully performed in four patients (three female, mean age 50 years), showing involvement of the main biliary confluence in three of four pedunculated biliary lesions; direct biopsy sampling was diagnostic in two of three cases (in one patient, biopsy were not performed due to the smooth appearance of the intrabiliary lesion). No adverse events occurred after POCS. Surgery required excision of the main hepatic confluence in two of three cases (one patient was not resectable). POCS can diagnose intrabiliary extension of protruding biliary lesions, providing important information to plan the surgical intervention.
Implementation of a Modified Enhanced Recovery Protocol in the Surgical Management of Pediatric Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Authors: Tashima Alexis D. , Payne Samuel H. , Williams Joseph K. , Pandya Kalyani , Hush Stefanie E. , Soldanska Magdalena , Brady Colin M.
Published: November 2022

Background:

We have recently shown that the use of a modified enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in primary cleft palatoplasty decreases perioperative narcotic utilization and length of stay (LOS) while allowing quicker return to oral intake. In an effort to broaden the application of ERAS protocols within pediatric craniofacial surgery, we have applied our modified ERAS protocol to patients undergoing surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).

Methods:

A modified ERAS program was implemented in a multidisciplinary manner. The primary components of the protocol included: (1) administration of gabapentinoids, (2) minimal perioperative narcotic use, and (3) post-operative pain control using nonnarcotic firstline agents. One hundred twenty-nine patients were collected prospectively, assigned to the modified ERAS protocol, and compared to historic controls. Patients with a diagnosis of VPI undergoing sphincter pharyngoplasty, pharyngeal flap, or furlow palatoplasty were included. We reviewed patient demographics, narcotic use, length of stay (LOS), and complication rates.

Results:

Between October 2017 and December 2020, 129 patients underwent speech surgery under the modified ERAS protocol and were compared to 57 historic patient controls. The mean age (control: 7.79 ± 5.27 years, ERAS: 8.00 ± 4.69 years), weight (29.28 ± 19.37 kg, 29.71 ± 18.40 kg), and comorbidities did not differ between groups. Total narcotic usage, reported in mg morphine equivalents/kg (MME/kg), across all phases of care was greater in the controls than in ERAS, respectively (Intraop: 0.30 vs 0.079 MME/kg, PACU: 0.071 vs 0.012 MME/kg, Postop: 0.22 vs 0.0026 MME/kg, P < .0001). Implementation of the ERAS protocol also led to a 29.1% decrease in LOS (1.51 days vs 1.07 days) without an increase in return to service or perioperative complications.

Conclusion:

Implementation of a modified ERAS protocol in patients undergoing reconstruction for VPI provided effective perioperative pain control allowing for narcotic minimization and a shorter LOS without an increased complication rate.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Clinical Success at the Completion of One Year of Courses for Diagnostic Medical Sonography or Radiography Students
Authors: Miller Elena
Published: November 2022

Objective:

Since most health care programs have competitive entry and selective admission procedures, it is essential for colleges to select proper admissions tools to ensure student success in the health care programs. The purpose of the study was to determine what relationship exists between emotional intelligence (EI) and clinical success for diagnostic medical sonography (DMS) or radiography (RT) students. The main goal of this work was to explore if an EI model such as the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) can be potentially used as one of the criteria in the admission selection process for DMS and RT programs in the future.

Materials and Methods:

The participants of this study were 26 imaging students. The convenient sample included 10 DMS and 16 RT students, enrolled in an Associate Degree in Applied Sciences program, within a community college. The study was conducted by administering the TEIQue questionnaire that collected EI data and demographic data of the participants in both programs. These data were gathered at the beginning of each respective program and 1 calendar year later. The clinical student success was examined over a period of 2 clinical semesters.

Results:

The analysis of the findings determined that a significant relationship existed between all EI variables such a global EI, 4 factors and 3 subscales of trait EI for both groups of students. The findings of this study did not show a significant relationship between clinical success and global EI as well as 3 subscales of trait EI for DMS or RT students. Nevertheless, a statistically significant increase was observed among 1 of the 4 EI factors, well-being, among RT students. Interestingly, DMS students did not show the same outcome.

Conclusion:

The results of this study provide limited empirical evidence that a strong relationship may exist between 1 of the 4 trait EI factors, well-being, among RT students and clinical success in this RT student cohort. This is an important finding that may support the use of the TEIQue questionnaire, as part of the admissions process for other RT programs. The DMS students did not exhibit the same results. However, the findings with the RT students demonstrate the need for further research.
The semi-extended infrapatellar intramedullary nailing of distal tibia fractures: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lu Ke , Wu Zhi-qiang , Wang Hong-zhen , Qian Rong-xun , Li Chong , Gao Yi-jun
Published: November 2022

Background

Malalignment is a common event during the intramedullary nailing (IMN) of distal tibia fractures (DTFs). Although it is reported that the semi-extended IMN techniques such as suprapatellar (SP) and parapatellar (PP) approaches may be superior in preventing malalignment, the application of these techniques is concerning owing to the intra-articular involvement. We thus developed an extra-articular semi-extended infrapatellar (SEIP) approach which utilizes the infrapatellar (IP) space while maintaining the knee in a semi-extended position. However, there are no studies on the safety and efficacy of SEIP in treating DTFs. Therefore, in this study, the SEIP technique was examined, particularly in terms of the potential alignment improvement of DTFs, and this technique was compared with the traditional hyperflexed infrapatellar (HFIP) procedure.

Materials and methods

This randomized clinical trial (RCT) compared IMN malalignment while correcting extraarticular and nondisplaced intra-articular DTFs between April 2018 and June 2021 using the HFIP and SEIP techniques at a level I trauma center in China. The study participants were clinically and radiographically examined for at least 12 months of follow-ups. Intraoperative fluoroscopy time, operation time, blood loss, hospitalization duration, functional ankle score, and complications were assessed as well.

Results

Among the 88 recruited participants, 45 (51%) underwent traditional HFIP IMN and 43 (49%) underwent SEIP IMN. Malalignment occurred in 9 patients (20.0%) from the HFIP cohort and in 2 patients (4.7%) from the SEIP cohort (P value = 0.030). In addition, the SEIP IMN technique significantly reduced the intraoperative fluoroscopy time, operation time, and improved the postoperative ankle function compared to the HFIP IMN technique. However, the intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization duration, infection, delay union, and nonunion remained the same between the two cohorts.

Conclusions

In summary, we demonstrated that the SEIP IMN provides markedly enhanced alignment of extraarticular and nondisplaced intra-articular DTFs compared to the traditional HFIP IMN procedure. The described technique represents an effective option for IMN of DTFs.

Level of evidence

Level 2.

Trial registration The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100043673. Registered 26 February 2021, retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=122263
Prebiotic/probiotic supplementation resulted in reduced visceral fat and mRNA expression associated with adipose tissue inflammation, systemic inflammation, and chronic disease risk
Authors: McFarlin Brian K. , Tanner Elizabeth A. , Hill David W. , Vingren Jakob L.
Published: November 2022

Background

Prebiotic/probiotic supplementation represents a viable option for addressing elevated systemic inflammation and chronic disease risk in overweight individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine if 90 days of prebiotic/probiotic supplementation could alter mRNA responsible for inflammation and chronic disease risk in weight-stable overweight adults. Nanostring mRNA analysis (574 plex) was used to survey targets associated with adipose tissue inflammation, systemic inflammation, and chronic disease risk. All protocols were approved by the University IRB, and participants gave written informed consent. Participants were randomly assigned to either placebo (N = 7; rice flour) or combined (N = 8) prebiotic (PreticX® Xylooligosaccharide; 0.8 g/day; ADIP) and probiotic (MegaDuo® Bacillus subtilis HU58 and Bacillus coagulans SC-208; billion CFU/day) supplementation. Participants were diverse population of healthy individuals with the exception of excess body weight. Measurements were made at baseline, 30, 60, and 90 days. Whole-body DXA scans (GE iDXA®; body composition) and blood 574-plex mRNA analysis (Nanostring®) were used to generate primary outcomes. Significance was set to p < 0.05 and adjusted for multiple comparisons where necessary.

Results

Compared to placebo, prebiotic/probiotic supplementation was associated with a 35% reduction in visceral adipose tissue (VAT; p = 0.002) but no change in body weight or overall percent body fat. Prebiotic/probiotic supplementation resulted in significant (p < 0.05), differential expression of 15 mRNA associated with adipose tissue inflammation (GATA3, TNFAIP6, ST2, CMKLR1, and CD9), systemic inflammation (LTF, SOCS1, and SERPING1), and/or chronic disease risk (ARG1, IL-18, CCL4, CEACAM6, ATM, CD80, and LAMP3). We also found 6 additional mRNA that had no obvious relationship to three previous biological functions (CSF1, SRC, ICAM4CD24, CD274, and CLEC6A).

Conclusion

The key findings support that 90-day prebiotic/probiotic supplementation may be associated with reduced adipose tissue inflammation, reduced systemic inflammation, and reduced chronic disease risk. Combined with the unexpected finding of reduced VAT, this intervention may have resulted in improved overall health and reduced chronic disease risk.