bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering local communities with strategies for monitoring and eliminating poverty in urban areas (Case study, District 9 of Tehran)
Authors: Isazade Esmail , Abdelkhair Farah Yasin Farah , Isazade Vahid , Alavi Seyyed Ali , Ray Samrat , Kaplan Gordana , Qasimi Abdul Baser
Published: April 2024

Usually, developing countries use the capacity of governments and municipalities to provide appropriate services to the population. This category will increase poverty in cities and urban areas. This article aims to empower local communities with strategies to monitor and eliminate poverty in the neighborhoods of District 9 of Tehran. In this paper, we used the four geographic models in ArcGIS 10.3 for the spatial analysis and assessment of poverty, which includes Getis-OrdGi* (G-i-star) statistics (hot and cold spots), Moran's spatial autocorrelation, Vikor model and SWOT. First, from the economic, sociocultural, and physical indicators, urban poverty was identified at the neighborhood level in District 9 of Tehran. A quantitative model (Vikor) was used to rank the indicators. Getis-OrdGi* (G-i-star) (hot and cold spots) was used to display and spatially analyze urban poverty at the locality level of District 9. In addition, using the QSPM model, internal and external strategies of urban areas were identified. Moran's spatial autocorrelation was used to correlate the indicators. After placing the target locations, the SWOT technique was used to present the strengths and weaknesses of the target locations. The results showed the highest correlation between sociocultural indicators and urban poverty is in the southern neighborhoods of District 9 of Tehran, which corresponds to South Mehrabad, Shamshiry, South Sarasiab, and part of the Imamzadeh Abdullah neighborhood. In addition, due to high population density, immigration, and low land prices, the impact of the socio-cultural index on urban poverty in the north of District 9 has increased with a confidence level of 99%. While the hot spots of the economic dimension of poverty are at the level of districts of District 9 of Tehran, the southern and southeastern districts due to unemployment, high rent, and low household income, economic poverty clusters have been formed in terms of spatial autocorrelation, Moran's Index is 0/026180 showed. However, in the spatial distribution of poverty in terms of the physical dimension at the level of neighborhoods in District 9 of Tehran, nearly 10% of the neighborhoods have the worst poverty level. Only the Shamshiry neighborhood has the lowest per capita commercial, sports, and health facilities among the neighborhoods. Regarding Moran's spatial autocorrelation pattern, Moran's index and Z-score in the Shamshiri neighborhood showed 0.007270 and 4/224861, respectively. In addition, people's and non-governmental organizations are essential and effective strategies for monitoring and eliminating poverty at the level of target neighborhoods.
Robustification of Structural Equation Modelling via Global Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Lachi Alessio , Llach Josep , Perramon Jordi , Baccini Michela , Saltelli Andrea
Published: April 2024

We propose a method for enhancing the robustness of structural equation modelling, a mul- tivariate statistical analysis technique employed for analyzing causal relationships among different aspects of given phenomena. This enhancement is achieved through the integra- tion of global sensitivity analysis, which assesses how uncertainties in model output can be attributed to various sources of input uncertainty. The robustification process involves several key steps, including bootstrapping evidence, error propagation, and uncertainty quantification. This method introduces a novel approach termed “modelling of the mod- elling process”. To illustrate this approach, we apply it to a previously published test case where structural equation modelling is used to relate the impact of artificial intelligence adoption on employee engagement. By quantifying the uncertainty inherent in the infer- ence from our test case, this procedure generates a more robust and defensible inference. The performed procedure significantly enhances the robustness of the results derived from the test case.
Cross-Domain Knowledge Transfer without Retraining to Facilitating Seamless Knowledge Application in Large Language Models
Authors: Kim Jae Hoon , Kim Hye Rin
Published: April 2024

Cross-domain knowledge transfer in large language models (LLMs) presents significant challenges, particularly regarding the extensive resources required for retraining. This research introduces innovative embedding adaptation and context adjustment techniques that enable LLMs to efficiently transfer knowledge across diverse domains without the need for comprehensive retraining. Experimental results demonstrate improved model flexibility and reduced computational demands, highlighting the potential for rapid deployment and scalability. These findings suggest a sustainable approach to deploying adaptive AI across various sectors, significantly impacting future developments in artificial intelligence.
Study on Different Sources of Wastewater in the Korotoa River: Focus on Medical Wastewater.
Authors: Mahmud Sheikh Hayath
Published: April 2024

Wastewater originating from various sources has been gradually polluting the Korotoa River. Notably, medical wastewater contains hazardous chemicals, including harmful substances that may be used in treatment. In this study, it identifies the composition of waste present in medical wastewater, which is indiscriminately disposed of into the Korotoa River. Unfortunately, people who bathe or fish in the Korotoa River face serious health risks due to exposure to this contaminated water. Skin diseases are prevalent among those who come into contact with it. Additionally, several hospitals situated near the Korotoa River discharge chemical-laden wastewater directly into the river on a daily basis. To address this issue, it assesses the water quality of the Korotoa River and compare it against the standard values provided by the Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules (BECR 1997). Different parameters such as PH, BOD, COD, DO, Turbidity, color, TS, TSS, TDS and Alkalinity are tested for the water sample collected from different hospitals effluent. All parameters exceed the standard value which is very much alarming. Furthermore, it proposes potential measures to mitigate pollution in the Korotoa River, which are detailed in this paper.
Air Pollution Exposure and Olfactory Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shehab Maryam , Xia Xi , Chan Ka Hung , Lam Kin Bong Hubert , Kalantzi Olga-Ioanna , Arvaniti Olga S. , Tekeli Hakan
Published: April 2024

Exposure to air pollution can affect the olfactory system, causing disorders such as anosmia (partial or total loss of smell) and hypogeusia (reduced ability to taste). The objective of this study is to systematically review air pollution exposure and associated olfactory health disorders. The systematic review included air pollutant types, types of exposure, testing methods, and study limitations. Specific keywords related to air pollution and olfactory and/or gustatory functions were employed to search electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Highwire, ResearchGate, and the Cochrane Library) for studies and reviews on exposure to air pollution that assess and measure smell and taste and published up to the year 2021. Non-English studies, studies on animals, plants, and exposure to pollutants other than air pollutants were excluded. Out of 1,100 identified studies, only 52 studies met the selection criteria. Forty-nine studies were related to olfactory health (sense of smell) associated with air pollution exposure, and three studies were related to gustatory health (sense of taste). Most studies reviewed had a small sample size and were subject to substantial confounding, making it implausible to determine a significant association between air pollution exposure and olfactory health. The review shows the study limitations and gaps that should be considered in future research related to olfactory/gustatory health and air pollution. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the olfactory health studies related to air pollution exposure.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Union Councils Ratokot & Khairpur Juso, Pakistan, for Drinking Water Usage through Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI) and Water Quality Index (WQI): A Case Study.
Authors: Ahmed Sheeraz
Published: April 2024

The degradation of groundwater quality has emerged as a significant global concern, impacting regions worldwide, including Pakistan. Thus, this study aimed to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes in UC Ratokot and Khairpur Juso. A total of twenty-five groundwater samples were collected from various villages within these regions, and both on-site and laboratory-based physicochemical analyses were conducted. Parameters such as color, odor, taste, sulfate (SO4), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were assessed, with each sample's results compared against WHO standards.
Analysis using two models, namely the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI), revealed insights into groundwater quality. Findings indicated that all samples exhibited no discernible external color or odor, with turbidity below 5 NTU. However, the taste of 68% of samples from 17 villages was notably bitter, rendering them unsuitable for consumption. Overall, results showed that 100%, 88%, 72%, 68%, 60%, 52%, and 52% of samples exceeded WHO limits for EC, TDS, Mg, Cl, Ca, TH, and SO4, respectively.
Assessment based on the SPI revealed that 40%, 48%, 8%, and 4% of samples were classified as highly contaminated, unfit for drinking, slightly contaminated, and moderately contaminated, respectively. Similarly, the WQI categorized 12%, 36%, 40%, and 12% of groundwater samples as unfit for drinking water, very poor water, poor water, and good water, respectively.
Anna Gmeyner, 1901–1991
Authors: Buchholz Lisette
Published: April 2024

Anna Gmeyner (1901–1991) zählte um 1930 zur literarischen Avantgarde. Bekannt wurde sie vor 1933 mit Theaterstücken, in dieser Zeit übersetzte sie zwei Romane aus dem Amerikanischen. Im Exil schrieb sie Drehbücher und Romane. Sie geriet in Vergessenheit, bis sie und ihr Werk in den 1980er Jahren wiederentdeckt wurde.
Ursula Gräfe, Jg. 1956
Authors: Gebhardt Lisette
Published: April 2024

Ursula Gräfe studierte an der Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt die Fächer Japanologie, Anglistik und Amerikanistik. Seit 1988 ist sie hauptberuflich als Übersetzerin literarischer Texte tätig, in erster Linie aus dem Japanischen sowie aus dem Englischen und Amerikanischen.
Diş Hekimliğinde 3 Boyutlu - Eklemeli Üretim: Derleme
Authors: Aral Mert , Keskin Yasemin
Published: April 2024

Eklemeli üretim(additive manufacturing) yani diğer bir adıyla ''3 boyutlu basım (3D printing)'', son zamanlarda üstünde oldukça çalışma yapılan, gelecekte diş hekimliğinde kullanımının daha da artması beklenen bir sistemdir. Diş hekimliğinde her ne kadar yeni bir sistem gibi algılansa da aslında bu sistem yıllardır özellikle mühendislik alanında ve özellikle seri üretimde (rapid prototyping) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistem diş hekimliğinde, hem geleneksel üretim yöntemlerine, hem de eksiltmeli sistem(substractive manufacturing) ile üretime göre pek çok avantaja sahiptir. Geleneksel üretim yöntemleriyle kıyaslandığında üretimin hızlı ve standardizasyonun sağlanmış bir şekilde yapılabilmesi, hastaya tedavi planının dijital ortamda üç boyutlu modellerde anlatılabilmesi, hekimin yazılımlar aracılığıyla yapılacak restorasyonlarda özgürce tasarım yapabilmesi bunlardan bazılarıdır. Ayrıca insan faktörü ve hata olasılığının elimine edilerek daha uygun restorasyonlar hazırlanabilmesi ve üretimde farklı materyaller kullanılabilmesine imkan tanır. Eklemeli sistem, eksiltmeli CAD-CAM(Computer Aided Design-Computer Aided Manufacturing) sistemi ile kıyaslandığında ise en belirgin avantajı materyal kaybının çok az miktarlara indirilmesidir.
Sonuç: Bu derleme, diş hekimliğinde kullanımı gitgide yaygınlaşan 3 boyutlu üretim sistemleri hakkında diş hekimlerin bilgi sahibi olmalarını amaçlamaktadır. Sahip olduğu avantajlardan dolayı gelecekte diş hekimliğinde kullanımının daha da yaygınlaşması kaçınılmazdır. Rutin tedavinin parçası olarak kullanılmaya başlandığında da üretimin maliyeti dolaylı olarak azalacaktır. Bu sistemlerin hekimler tarafından detaylı olarak öğrenilmesi gerekliliği, gelişen teknolojinin modern bir sonucu olarak karşımıza çıkacaktır.
BULK-FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİN ILE POLİASİT MODİFİYE KOMPOZİT REZİNİN YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜNÜN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Hazar Bodrumlu Ebru
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Yüzey pürüzlülüğü, restoratif materyallerde artmış dental plak, sekonder çürük oluşumu, bükülme dayanımının azalması gibi problemlere sebep olarak, tedavi başarısını etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle; çalışmanın amacı, süt dişlerinde sıklıkla kullanılan poliasit modifiye kompozi rezin ile bulk fill kompozit rezini yüzey pürüzlülülüğü açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada ışıkla sertleştirilmiş poliasit modifiye kompozit rezin (Glasiosite caps. A2, Voco, Almanya) ve SDR Plus bulk fill kompozit rezin(Dentsplay, Germany) kullanılarak hazırlanan diskler değerlendirilerek yüzey pürüzlülükleri karşılaştırıldı. Her materyaleden 20 örnek olmak üzere toplam 40 tane 10 mm çapında ve 2 mm kalınlığında diskler hazırlanarak yüzey parlatmaları Optidisk (KERR, İsviçre) parlatma sistemi ile yapıldı. Ardından yüzey pürüzlülüğü profilometre cihazı (Perthometer M2, Mahr, Göttingen, Almanya) ile ölçüldü Elde edilen veriler t testi ile analiz edilerek istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Her iki materyalin yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerlerinin ortalamaları karşılaştrıldığında, Poliasit modifiye kompozit rezin grubunun ortalama yüzey pürüzlülük değeri , Bulk-fill grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. (p
Study on the Impact of Initial Inhibitory Factors on Quick Integrated Planning and Public Maintenance Projects on Business Satisfaction
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Hwang Jae-Hong , Kim Jeong-Kyu , Lee Myeong-Hun
Published: April 2024

In order to revitalize the housing improvement project, it is necessary to study the effect on business satisfaction of union members from the beginning of the project. This study analyzed the impact of legal, financial, and operational obstacles on project satisfaction in the early stages of the housing improvement project. In addition, the purpose is to provide basic data for revitalizing housing supply by analyzing the impact of the recently implemented rapid integrated planning and public maintenance projects on business satisfaction. The method of this study was to conduct analysis by applying a structural equation model based on data from a survey of union members. It was found that when financial obstacles within a union increase, it not only has a negative impact on business satisfaction, but also has the greatest impact on union member conflict. Accordingly, it was found that it was necessary to secure transparency in the cooperative's acquisition of operating expenses in the early stages of the project and to provide support from the government's housing improvement project support fund.
EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS OF STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS: MECHANISMS, IMPLICATIONS AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX, USA., Ratna Sai Sailaja Maka Keli , Jargumalla Sumasri ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX, USA., Reddy Mekala Ramya ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX, USA., Gudluru Mukesh ,   Department of Biotechnology, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Susmitha Madhura Sai ,   Department of Biotechnology, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Gunturi Sravya ,   Department of Biotechnology, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Gudivada Nithin ,   Department of Biotechnology, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Singh Ranwas Reethika ,   Department of Molecular Biology, Cresent Biosciences, ICRAB Campus, Kanpur, UttarPradesh, India.
Published: April 2024

Stress-related disorders, encompassing conditions such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pose significant challenges to global mental health. While the etiology of these disorders involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and psychosocial factors, emerging evidence suggests a pivotal role of epigenetic modifications in their pathogenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA-mediated regulation, dynamically regulate gene expression in response to stressors, thereby influencing brain function and behaviour. Alterations in these epigenetic processes contribute to aberrant stress responses, increased susceptibility to stress-related disorders, and individual differences in stress vulnerability and resilience. Moreover, epigenetic modifications can be transmitted across generations, highlighting the enduring impact of stress on mental health outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying epigenetic regulation in stress-related disorders provides insights into disease pathogenesis and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, targeting epigenetic pathways represents a promising therapeutic approach for these disorders. Epigenetic drugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors, hold potential for mitigating the adverse effects of stress on mental health. However, challenges such as off-target effects and lack of specificity necessitate further refinement of epigenetic-based therapies.
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATION: CROSS-CULTURAL COLLABORATION AND EXCHANGE
Authors:   Academic Counsellor, Odisha State Open University (OSOU) and Faculty, Balimela College of Science & Technology, Malkangiri, Odisha., Kumar Dash , Ph.D , FSAIARD Kishor
Published: April 2024

This study aims to find the core value and inquire into the barriers related to transnational cooperation and exchange in the educational process within the globalized environment. It describes theories such as Hofstedes cultural dimensions, discloses how meeting up for classes in this way affects teaching methods, and investigates technology in the process of making global educational corporations efficient. Hence, being culturally aware is a prerequisite for all educators and, the study as well as, funding disparities, demand cultural competency training while including teaching materials. Enlightening these issues to involve all is probably the ultimate goal of international education in order to attain effectiveness and inclusiveness on the global stage.
Panorama do mercado de agrotóxicos e sua relação com o desenvolvimento rural sustentável no Brasil
Authors: Dos Santos Natália Cardoso , Da Silva Nardel Luiz Soares , Corrêia Arlindo Fabrício , Mattia Vinícius
Published: April 2024

No Brasil, o tema agrotóxico é recorrente na literatura científica, dado o elevado consumo desses produtos pela agricultura brasileira. Todavia, ainda há discordância entre os efeitos da sua utilização em larga escala. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o panorama do mercado de agrotóxicos, com foco na legislação vigente, no parâmetro atual de utilização no Brasil e breve contextualização com o desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e cunho bibliográfico, por meio da consulta na legislação vigente e bases oficiais da Receita Federal, ANVISA e IBAMA, além de artigos científicos. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados em planilha eletrônica e, a partir deles, foram geradas tabelas e figuras que elucidaram os resultados encontrados. Verificou-se que as condições edafoclimáticas, a prática da sucessão de culturas (soja-milho), o emprego da agricultura convencional nos estabelecimentos rurais e a flexibilização na regulamentação de agrotóxicos no Brasil são fatores primordiais que permitem ao país alcançar o posto de segundo maior consumidor desses produtos no mundo, em quantidades absolutas. Por outro lado, o desenvolvimento rural sustentável apresenta uma perspectiva de mudança desse cenário, dado que preza pela preservação dos recursos naturais associado ao crescimento produtivo, respeitando as relações sociais e fomentando práticas conservacionistas, de modo a reduzir o emprego de insumos químicos, como os agrotóxicos.
Design e aceleração social: Desdobramentos em tempo e ritmo
Authors: Jorge Gabriel Gallina , Tarouco Fabrício Farias
Published: April 2024

A sociedade que foi constituída nas últimas décadas e suas dinâmicas urbanas podem ser caracterizadas por um constante processo de aceleração, que muitos atribuem à modernidade. Com este cenário de fundo, este artigo explora a interseção complexa entre tempo, ritmo e design na sociedade contemporânea, analisados à luz da Teoria da Aceleração Social proposta por Rosa (2019). Observou-se como esses conceitos se entrelaçam e se manifestam em três abordagens contemporâneas de interpretação do design, conforme é discutido por Pschetz e Bastian (2018), Fuad-Luke (2008) e Manzini e Jegou (2006). Ao inserir tal área nessa discussão, vislumbra-se não apenas um olhar sobre as transformações das últimas décadas, mas também um chamado à reflexão sobre os caminhos a serem percorridos no futuro. Como conclusão, abordou-se a importância de repensar o ritmo do design, explorando possíveis inovações que promovam uma desaceleração e contribuam para um estilo de vida mais sustentável e equilibrado, sem comprometer a relevância e impacto do campo.
The impact of occlusal plane rehabilitation on the face of a patient with traumatic peripheral facial paralysis by Timpanic jugular tumor – case report
Authors: De Queiroz Rosana , Pelegrina Marcio , Fontes Daniele , Gurgel Testa Jose Ricardo , Borghi Fabiana Augusto
Published: April 2024

The musculature of the face is innervated by cranial nerves, each with a motor, sensory and/or both function. The Facial nerve (FN) is responsible for the motor innervation of the muscles of the face. Some branches of the trigeminal nerve are responsible for the sensory part of the facial muscles and other branches act on the motor part of the chewing muscles. Traumatic Facial Paralysis (TFP) is the one where there was section or traction or compression or ischemia of the FN, in surgery for tumor resection or trauma in general. In this case occurs the nerve’s section in one surgery. Facial Paralysis (FP) can be evaluated subjectively through the House and Brackmann classification scale (HB) [1]. It is considered a chronic FP when it persists for a period longer than 6 months and leaves sequelae, such as synkinesis, contractures and lack of complete innervation of some nerve branches. Some patients who evolve with chronic FP may also evolve with alteration of the occlusal plane. The occlusal plane is the meeting point between the antagonist teeth, plane that is in the final stop of the masticatory cycle. The rehabilitation of this plan is performed according to the needs of each patient, in this case was made through implant prostheses.
Adaptive robust control of electromagnetic actuators with friction nonlinearity and uncertainty compensation
Authors: Yuan Shusen , Yi Wenjun , Yang Guolai
Published: April 2024

Friction nonlinearity and uncertainty are the main factors affecting the highly performance control of electromagnetic actuators. In this paper, a nonlinear adaptive robust control strategy is proposed of electromagnetic actuators with friction nonlinearity and uncertainty compensation. First, the dynamical model of the electromagnetic actuator is established considering nonlinearity and uncertainty. Then, an adaptive robust controller is designed based on the continuously differentiable friction model to ensure that the control input is continuously and bounded. In the design of the controller, the unfavorable effects of unknown parameters in the electromagnetic actuator are eliminated by constructing a parameter adaptive law. Meanwhile, in order to improve the tracking accuracy of the electromagnetic actuator, a nonlinear robust control law is designed to ensure the robustness of the controller. The stability analysis by Lyapunov function shows that the asymptotic tracking effect can be obtained when only parameter uncertainty exists in the closed-loop system of the electromagnetic actuator, and the consistent bounded stability can be ensured when the system also exists uncertain nonlinearity. Extensive comparative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
An approach for flood flow prediction utilizing new hybrids of ANFIS with several optimization techniques: a case study
Authors: Ahmadi Negin , Fard Moradinia Sina
Published: April 2024

Using machine learning methods is efficient in predicting floods in areas where complete data is not available. Therefore, this study considers the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model combined with evolutionary algorithms, namely Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), to predict the flood of Shahrchay River in the northwest of Iran. The data used included the daily data of precipitation, evaporation, and runoff in the years 2016 and 2017, where 70% of the data were used for model training and the rest for testing the models. The results showed that although the ANFIS model provided values with high errors in several steps, especially in steps with maximum or minimum values, the use of HHO and AOA optimization algorithms resulted in a significant reduction in the error values. The ANFIS-AOA model utilizing an input scenario including the flow in the previous one to three days exerted the most promising results in the test data, with Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.93, 1.34, and 0.69, respectively. According to Taylor's diagram, the ANFIS-AOA hybrid algorithm predicts flood values with greater performance than the other models.
Spatial Heterogeneity in Determinants of No Condom Use at First Sex in South Africa
Authors: Mokhele Tholang , Moeti Thabiso , Fundisi Emmanuel , Naidoo Inbarani , Tshitangano Frederick , Weir-Smith Gina
Published: April 2024

Background

Condom use, especially at first sex for unmarried people, is an important behaviour that reduces the risk of HIV transmission, and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), as well as unwanted pregnancies. In reviewing the literature, little information was found to elucidate the spatial context of condom use among people who had an early sexual debut. Understanding factors that influence no condom use at first sex in different local or geographical areas can add value in addressing these risky first-sex practices and minimise the risk of getting HIV, STDs, and unwanted pregnancies in South Africa, especially among young people. Therefore, this paper aimed to determine the spatial heterogeneity of factors associated with no condom use at first sex in South Africa using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) with Poisson distribution and local bivariate relationships.

Methods

This article used data from the fifth South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey (SABSSM V) of 2017. Spatial autocorrelation, GWR using Poisson distribution, and local bivariate relationships were undertaken using ArcGIS Pro.

Results

Geographically weighted regression using Poisson distribution results highlighted being female, being young, having never married, being unemployed, having sexual debut at a younger age, having two or more sexual partners, having no risk of being infected with HIV, and having good Self-perceived Health (SPH) to be significant factors influencing no condom use at first sex, with pseudo R2 = 0.96 and AICc = 692. Local bivariate relationships showed the relationship between no condom use at first sex and most explanatory variables to exhibit a positive linear relationship in most districts with the exception of having never married, which showed a positive linear relationship in only 18 districts, while 33 districts showed a concave relationship. These relationships were all significant with p < 0.05.

Conclusion

This localised analytical approach may contribute to the development of geo-targeted interventions and policies tailored to specific regions within South Africa, thereby improving the effectiveness of efforts to promote safe first sexual practices. Educational programs targeting youth should be developed to further raise awareness of the risks associated with unprotected sex and the importance of condom use. More efforts should be made to break the barriers, such as sexual relationship power, gender, and sociocultural and religious influences, which tend to put young, never-married, and unemployed women at risk of no condom use at first sexual debut. It is further recommended that the type of relationship between no condom use at first sex and each explanatory factor at the local region be considered during geo-targeted interventions as this will assist in the type of intervention and duration of intervention.
Advancing Scholarship: HSJ Attains Scopus Indexing – Embarking on A New Scientific Journey
Authors: Fajar Jonny Karunia
Published: April 2024

Following the inclusion of Heart Science Journal (HSJ) in the Scopus index, we present this announcement outlining our forward trajectory and strategies aimed at elevating the quality of HSJ. Since the outset of 2024, HSJ has been formally indexed in Scopus, marking a significant milestone in our journey. We extend profound appreciation to our authors, editorial team, and reviewers for their diligent efforts and steadfast dedication, pivotal in realizing this accomplishment. In our ongoing pursuit of enhancing journal quality, we extend a global invitation to authors to contribute their research endeavors to HSJ. In essence, HSJ embarks on a new chapter within Scopus, and we extend a cordial invitation to scientists worldwide to partake in this collaborative endeavor. Keyword: Cardiovascular, Heart Science Journal, Indexing, Scopus
The Relationship Between CHA2DS2-VASc Scores and The Degree of TIMI Flow in Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Underwent Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang
Authors: Sudarno Muhammad Bayu Aji Saputra , Widito Sasmojo , Anjarwani Setyasih , Kurnianingsih Novi , Ruspiono Evit
Published: April 2024

Background: Suboptimal reperfusion of the compromised myocardium in the area of the culprit coronary arteries is one of the main problems associated with primary PCI that need reliable risk stratification methods to accurately predict the occurrence of decreased TIMI flow given its complex pathophysiology. Some parameters are included CHA2DS2-VASc score. Objective: To understand the relationship between CHA2DS2-VASc and the decreased TIMI flow in STE-ACS patients who had underwent primary PCI at RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Material and Methods: The study was cohort retrospective with the inclusion criteria being all STE-ACS patients who underwent primary PCI in RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang from January 2018 – August 2023. Patients were assigned to TIMI flow grade <3 group (N =169) and TIMI flow grade 3 (N = 677) according to TIMI Flow degree after primary PCI. All the patient’s angiogram were evaluated for TIMI score and CHA2DS2-VASc score is based on a guideline. We concluded data in SPSS program and used the Spearman test and p value of .05 was considered as significant. Result: From a total sample of 846 patients, the correlation between STE-ACS onset and TIMI flow indicates that a higher number of patients with STE-ACS onset <12 hours was found in the TIMI flow <3 and 3 groups (p=0.000). The cutoff CHA2DS2 VASC score's sensitivity and specificity values were ascertained using ROC analysis with cut off value 2.5. The incidence of decreased TIMI flow rate was more significant in the CHA2DS2-VASc ≥3 group with DM (+) and age ≥64 (OR value 0.156, p=0.000) than in the CHA2DS2-VASc ≥3 group without DM and age < 64. With an OR value of 2.94 (p=0.000), Killip class > 2 is another powerful predictor of lower TIMI flow. Conclusion: The only variables in the CHA2DS2-VASc score component that are most strongly associated with the risk of reducing the degree of TIMI flow are DM, age, and Killip class. Keyword: Acute Coronary Syndrome, CHA2DS2-VASc Score, Intervention, Percutaneous Coronary Slow Flow- No Reflow Phenomena, TIMI Flow Degree.
Navigating Complex Cardiovascular Pathologies: A Case Report on Aortic Arch Replacement in a Middle-Aged Male with Stanford A De Bakery I Aortic Dissection
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad , Handari Saskia Dyah , Sembiring Yan Efrata
Published: April 2024

Background: Aorta dissection is characterized by the presence of an intimal tear, which permits the passage of blood through the tear and into the aorta media. This process leads to the separation of the intimal and the formation of a dissection flap, representing the true lumen and a newly formed false lumens. The incidence of aortic dissection varies between 0.2% and 0.8%. Management of acute aortic standford A aortic dissection primarily involves invasive surgical procedures. Case presentation: A middle-aged male patient, aged 40, who possesses risk factors including uncontrolled hypertension and obesity, arrived to the emergency room with symptoms of chest pain. He described the pain as tearing in nature and said that it radiated towards the abdominal. The examination findings included a blood pressure reading of 255/143, a widened mediastinum and cardiomegaly observed on the chest X-ray, a slight elevation in Hs-Troponin levels, and the presence of sinus rhythm with left ventricular hypertrophy. He underwent CT scan, which demonstrated the presence of an aortic dissection extending from the ascending to descending aorta, with no associated damage to the aortic valve from echocardiography. He was diagnosed with Standford A DeBakey I Aortic dissection and underwent preference replacement of the aortic arch and elephant trunk implantation instead of Bentall procedure. Conclusion: The surgical and perioperative methods employed may differ based on the specific clinical presentation and the nature of the aortic disease. Because there was no involvement of the aortic valve, we performed total aortic arch replacement and elephant trunk procedure over the Bentall procedure. Keyword: Aortic Dissection, Dissection Flap, Total Aortic Arch Replacement.
Clinical Features and Multimodality Diagnostic Tools of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ardhi Lukitasari Ayu Galuh , Rahimah Anna Fuji , Martini Heny , Rizal Ardian
Published: April 2024

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) above normal (> 20 mmHg) and an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (pulmonary vascular resistance / PVR) above normal in resting settings. The pathophysiology of PH involves remodeling of the pulmonary vessels, from the main pulmonary arteries, lobar arteries, segmental arteries, distal arteries, pulmonary arterioles, capillaries to the postcapillary pulmonary veins. In general, the epidemiological figures for PH are not known with certainty. The United Kingdom reported a PH prevalence of 97 cases per one million people, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.8. The diagnostic strategy for PH focuses primarily on two issues. The primary objective is to improve the early detection of PH and expedite the transfer of patients at high risk for PAH, CTEPH, or other forms of severe PH to a PH center. The second objective is to identify the underlying disease, including left heart disease (Group 2 PH) and lung disease (Group 3 PH), as well as comorbidities, in order to assure proper classification, risk assessment, and therapy. The gold standard for detecting and categorizing pulmonary hypertension is right heart catheterization (RHC). Clinical scoring in the form of shortness of breath without any obvious cause accompanied by physical examination, ECG and Thorax X-ray images which depict an enlarged right heart have good specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease. A high right ventricular pressure, mean PAP, and BNP values during observation, as well as heart size on chest X-ray can be predictors of a poorer prognosis in this population. Keyword: Clinical Risk Scoring, Pulmonary Hypertension, Right Heart Catheterization.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Young Age, What Should We Know?
Authors: Rochmawati Icmi Dian , Rizal Ardian , Putri Valerinna Yogibuana Swastika , Prasetya Indra
Published: April 2024

While young sudden cardiac death (SCD) is statistically uncommon, its dramatic presentation and impact on families and communities make it a newsworthy issue. Nonetheless, it is important to view SCD in children and adolescents as a public health concern and devise strategies based on research and consensus to address it. Both individuals with and without a history of cardiovascular illness are susceptible to sudden cardiac death. Employing cardiovascular disease risk screening for healthy individuals and those with a family history of sudden cardiac death can serve as a preventive approach against sudden cardiac death. Assessing the severity of cardiovascular disease in people becomes essential to prevent disease progression and minimize the risk of mortality from cardiovascular conditions. Keyword: Young, Sudden Cardiac Death, Preventive.
"You really are an empathic type" - Types in empathy research
Authors: Paulus Christoph M.
Published: April 2024

In this study, we used a configuration frequency analysis (CFA) to find out whether there are certain combinations of characteristics that can be used to define prototypical empathy types. Using a sample of 9,407 participants aged between 10 and 80 years, we were able to find four clearly separated and exhaustive empathy profiles which include all relevant aspects of emotional concern, perspective taking and personal distress and at the same time can be clearly defined in relation to each other. The superordinate patterns "situation-dependent altruists (A)", "high functioning empathy (B)", "low neurotic empathy (C)" and "low empathy (D)" were identified. With these four types, a total of almost 75% of the test subjects can be assigned to the significant empathy profiles, whereby only in profile A there were significantly more female participants than in the other three. For the first time, we were able to create a comprehensive and selective typology for the construct of empathy, with the help of which, for example, the holistic success of empathy training or the motivations of altruistic actions can be better described.
Peningkatan Profesionalisme Komite Pembelajaran Sekolah Penggerak melalui Pelatihan Pengembangan Sumber Belajar Berbasis Visualisasi Augmented Reality (AR)
Authors: Dina Dina , Yunita Isti , Ikhsan Jaslin , Kusumawardani Cahyorini , Budiasih Kun Sri
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme komite pembelajaran sekolah penggerak melalui pelatihan sumber belajar berbasis visualisasi AR. Sejumlah 35 komite pembelajaran pada sekolah dasar di Gunung Kidul menjadi khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini. Pengabdian dikemas berupa pelatihan yang dilaksanakan dengan beberapa metode pelaksanaan, yaitu ceramah dan latihan, penugasan dan pendampingan, serta tes dan angket dan terbagi dalam tiga kali pertemuan. Teknologi yang dilatihkan yaitu Canva dan Assemblr Studio yang memungkinkan guru untuk membuat sumber belajar yang interaktif dengan menyematan objek 3D. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal pretes dan postes, lembar observasi afektif, lembar observasi psikomotorik, lembar penilaian produk, dan angket evaluasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa persentase observasi kognitif sebesar 85%, observasi psikomotor sebesar 80,36%, dan penilaian produk sebesar 93, 21%. Hasil pretes menunjukkan skor rata-rata peserta sebesar 54,71 mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan setelah diberikan pelatihan menjadi sebesar 83,94 pada skor rata-rata postes. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegatan pengabdian mencapai indikator keberhasilan yang ditetapkan. Secara umum, peserta merasa bahwa kegiatan yang dilakukan memberikan manfaat tidak hanya pada peningkatan pengetahuan (theoritical knowledge), melainkan juga keterampilan (practical how to) terkait pengembangan sumber belajar dalam rangka implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka.
Relevansi nilai-nilai luhur kebudayaan terhadap budi pekerti peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Annas Amarudin , Noveles Aditya Indit , Nikmah Mila Kholidatun , Muna Nuzaela Nafisatul , Seviana Ranida , Khotrunada Vida , Widiastuti Anik
Published: April 2024

Pendidikan merupakan usaha yang dilakukan seseorang untuk dapat mengembangkan potensi dalam dirinya baik berupa pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan nilai-nilai moral kehidupan. Setiap manusia berhak mendapatkan pendidikan tanpa membeda-bedakan berdasarkan latar belakang sosial, ekonomi, atau budaya. Melalui pendidikan, seseorang dapat mencapai kemerdekaan dalam hidupnya sehingga mampu untuk membuat keputusan dalam hidupnya, mengelola waktu dengan baik, mandiri, serta profesional ketika menjalani pekerjaan. Dalam mewujudkan generasi bangsa yang berakal budi dan memiliki kebijaksanaan dalam berperilaku sesuai dengan nilai-nilai luhur kebudayaan di tengah era globalisasi sekarang ini, maka perlu adanya upaya-upaya konkret berupa pengajaran budi pekerti pada peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui relevansi nilai-nilai luhur kebudayaan terhadap budi pekerti peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu studi literatur (Library research), dimana peneliti menggunakan beberapa literatur untuk memperoleh data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi relevansi nilai-nilai luhur kebudayaan terhadap budi pekerti peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan budaya tepo seliro dengan pembelajaran IPS yang telah dirancang oleh pendidik, sehingga pembelajaran mencangkup nilai-nilai budaya yang luhur meliputi pengajaran kearifan lokal, tradisi, adat istiadat, dan etika yang ada dalam budaya masyarakat. Pembelajaran melalui penerapan nilai-nilai budaya bertujuan untuk membentuk peserta didik yang bertanggung jawab terhadap perkembangan budi pekerti mereka sehingga dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat mereka dapat memberi dampak positif di lingkungannya. Hal tersebut selaras dengan tujuan dari pembelajaran IPS yaitu untuk menjadikan peserta didik sebagai warga negara yang baik (good citizen).
Implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Jawa
Authors: Subekti Panca Aditya , Verrysaputro Exwan Andriyan
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memaparkan implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada mata pelajaran bahasa Jawa. Metode kualitatif deskriptif digunakan sebagai tahapan langkah dalam penelitian ini. Data-data dalam penelitian dikumpulkan  melalui teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan Miles dan Huberman, yaitu dengan langkah 1) data dikumpulkan, 2) data direduksi, 3) data disajikan, dan 4) data disimpulkan. Informan meliputi kepala sekolah, guru, dan juga siswa. Hasil penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran berbasis proyek ini dilaksanakan untuk materi wayang. Model PjBL ini dinamai Ngenger. Ngenger dilaksanakan dengan menyiapksan siswa kelas VII, menusun jadwal kegiatan Ngenger, melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan Ngenger, melakukan penilaian kepada siswa, dan mengadakan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan Ngenger.
Salinity Stress in Maize: Consequences, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Management Strategies
Authors: Islam Mohammad Sohidul , Islam Md Rafiqul , Hasan Md Kamrul , Hafeez ASM Golam , Chowdhury M Kaium , Pramanik Moaz Hosen , Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Erman Murat , Barutcular Celaleddin , Konuşkan Ömer , Dubey Anamika , Kumar Ashwani , Sabagh Ayman El
Published: April 2024

Maize, along with rice and wheat, is a popular staple food crop worldwide, and the most widely produced cereal crop. It is a versatile crop that may be utilized as a source of raw materials for human and animal fodders. Low agricultural yield and rapid population expansion significantly threaten future food security. Maize production is hampered by biotic and abiotic causes, with abiotic factors being the most critical limitation to agricultural output worldwide. Soil salinity is a key abiotic factor that reduces agricultural production by imposing negative impacts at several life cycle phases, including germination, seedling, vegetative, and reproductive development. Maize plants experience many physiological changes due to osmotic stress, toxicity of particular ions, and nutritional imbalance induced by salt stress. The degree and duration of stress, crop growth phases, genetic characteristics, and soil conditions influence yield reduction. Maize plants can tolerate salt stress involving a complex mechanism by changing their physiological, biochemical, and metabolic activities like stomatal functioning, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, hormone regulation, enzymes, metabolite generation, etc. After studying the salt tolerance mechanisms of maize plants under stress, integrated management techniques should be developed for maize agriculture in saline settings. Therefore, the study of plant responses to salt stress, stress tolerance mechanisms, and management strategies is one of the most imperative research fields in plant biology, and the study will focus on the effects of salt stress in different growth stages, plant tolerance mechanisms, and agronomic management practices for successful maize production all over the world.
Aromatherapy blended lemon and lavender has an effect on nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women at PMB Entin Hartini
Authors: Aisya Nabila Shafa , Meiranny Arum , Arisanti Atika Zahria , Hudaya Isna
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are common complaints in the first trimester of pregnancy. One treatment to reduce nausea and vomiting is non-pharmacological therapy by providing a mixture of lemon and lavender aromatherapy. In this study, there was only one group, namely the intervention group, which received blended lemon and lavender aromatherapy. Before carrying out the intervention, pregnant women in the first trimester are given a pre-test to find out how often pregnant women feel nauseous and vomit. Then the pregnant mother is taught how to use aromatherapy blended lemon and Lavender with Roll On which will be done in the morning and evening for 6 consecutive days. -continuously. Next, another post-test was carried out to determine the effectiveness of providing aromatherapy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of giving a mixture of lemon and lavender aromatherapy against nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women at PMB (Independent Midwife Practice) Entin Hartini, A.Md. Keb Mrebet District, Purbalingga Regency.

Methods: The type of research used in this research is pre-experimental with a One Group Pre-Test and Post-Test design.

Results: The Wilcoxon test results were obtained by Asymp. signature. 0.00 that there is an effect of giving a mixture of lemon and lavender aromatherapy in reducing nausea and vomiting (𝜌- value = 0.00).
Conclusions: There is effectiveness of giving a mixture of lemon and lavender aromatherapy for nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women at PMB Entin Hartini, A.Md.Keb.