bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of public transportation system in makkah: Evaluation of efficiency, efficacity and safety operation of Almashaaer Al Mugaddassah Metro (MMMSL)
Authors: Hamad Raja Almujibah  , Constantin Gabriel Nistorescu
Published: August 2022

The pilgrim passenger service was designed to support traffic capacities of 72,000 pphpd (during Hajj), the line length is approximate 18 Km, double track, and standard gauge. This study proposes to evaluate efficiency, efficacity and safety operation of the metro system build in Makkah, Almashaaer Al Mugaddassah Metro (MMMSL). It is a special 18 Km of Metro line dedicated to support pilgrim service, especially during Hajj period. This line connects Arafat, Muzdalifah, Mina and Jamarat in Makkah area. This line was constructed in 2 years, during 2009 to 2011 time period, and entering in full service before Hajj, November 2011. This paper intends to suggest a further development(s) study concerning safety operation, and efficiency of the MMMSL metro line, and suggest potential infrastructure upgrades fit traffic capacities. Therefore, researchers present to the concerned reader(s) a paper structured to cater information for: introduction, line operation, dysfunctionalities, scheme development principles, identification of potential errors in scheme design, and recommendation for improvement. A qualitative research method was used, with both, literature review and five semi-structured interviews with industry experts. Research results indicated that more sample analysis and evaluation should be carried out, with a balance between a four-line metro system and upgrade the existing line to Maglev transport technology, software simulation of traffic capacities with verified software tools, analyse of station accommodation and loading / off-loading capacities, issues caused by signaling systems operating with OOP (Object Orientated Programming), etc. It was clearly outlined that existing metro system capacity cannot cope with 72,000 pphpd, and for existing forecasted figures of 2.5 million Hajj Pilgrims, a system with nearly 100,000 pphpd would satisfy requirements.
Association Between Postpartum Depression and Sleep Quality in Pakistani Women in Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Sabiha Zia Ul Ain , Zia Tayyaba , Saadat Fatima , Mudassar Umair , Babu K. Suresh , ullah Ubaid , Bangash Sudhair Abbas , Daar Farwa , Haider Salman , Ullah Irfan
Published: August 2022

Background: The literature is sparse regarding the link between postpartum females and postpartum depression in low- to middle-income (LMIC) countries. This study examined the association between some self-reported sleeping rhythm alterations (from six weeks to seven months and months after giving birth) and depressive symptoms at seven months amongst women’s who were having high risk for depressive symptoms. Material and Methods: A total of 180 newly delivered mothers who were assigned to the medical facility, took part in this cross-sectional research. To judge the effectiveness of sleeping habits, the "Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index" (PSQI) questionnaire was used. To quantify depressive symptoms, we also employed the "Edinburg Postnatal Depression Questionnaire" which is also known as (EPDS). Moreover, regression analysis was used to find out the association between sleep quality and maternal depression. Result: In general, sleep - related issues are resolved in six to seven months. Nevertheless, at seven months following the birth, worsening or just modest improvement in sleep issues were linked to more severe depressive symptoms. Regarding the different types of sleep issues, high levels of depressive symptoms were associated with self-reported altered sleep delay, including such "how lengthy it ends up taking to fall asleep during the night," in during the day disturbance in features, including such "difficulties involved in staying up throughout the day," and the level of sleep, such as "qualitative rate and quality of sleep." Conclusion: Usually, throughout the postpartum period, sleep issues go better. However, the prevalence of depression was high and the poor quality of sleep was identified. In Pakistan, the positive association between depression and poor sleep quality proposes early identification and support for women at high risk of poor quality of sleep. Women should therefore need to be knowledgeable about probable deterioration of sleep patterns and strategies for preventing insomnia disorders before visiting the clinic at six weeks postpartum. Keywords: postpartum, sleep issues, PSQI, EPDS, Peshawar.
Literature Review of the Effects of Long-Term Opioid Use in the Management of Pain
Authors: Alsugoor Mahdi H.
Published: August 2022

The interminable need to alleviate or sometimes eliminate pain has been perceived by all cultures around the globe for many centuries. The human species has found ways to perform pain management, including oral ingestion of herbs and utilization of procedures believed to have special remedial properties. The current medical practice calls for the application of opioids in the management of pain and this choice spans decades. From a general perspective, medical practitioners globally agree on the appropriateness of opioid use in the management of acute and chronic pain. Looking at the issue further, a huge controversy arises when the discussion spirals into whether the pros outweigh the cons in the long-term management of pain, especially chronic pain. Opiates belong to a class of drugs that are extracted from the latex sap of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) where they occur naturally as alkaloids. The term opioids, also commonly referred to as narcotics (a non-scientific term), is pharmacologically used to refer to artificial or natural chemical compounds that bind to opioid receptors and are antagonized by naloxone. The chemical composition, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of opioids are beyond the scope of this review article, whose focus will be mainly aimed at discussing the apparent effects of long-term use of these drugs in pain management. Keywords: opioids, opiates, narcotics, pain, chronic pain, pain management, long-term use effects
Lumpy Skin Disease: An insights in Pakistan
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Latif Noman , Bano Raheela , Ali Syed Akbar , Qaisar M. Ahsan , Ullah Naimat , Kashif Muhammad , Ali Mubarik , Jabeen Norina , Nadeem Ans , Ullah Fateh
Published: August 2022

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an enzootic infectious, seldom fatal and eruptive disease in Pakistan reported in 2022. It can result in variably high mortality and morbidity rates in animals characterized by nodules on their skin. LSD caused by Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), together with goatpox virus and sheeppox virus, belongs to genus Capripoxvirus and Poxviridae family. The disease affects a wide variety of domestic and wild animals, including buffaloes and cows. The main symptoms are high fever, nodular lesions on the skin, and mucous membranes of the respiratory and digestive tracts. The outbreak of lumpy skin disease caused severe economic losses among Pakistan's animal keepers by reducing milk, beef production, causing sterility in males and abortions in females. Crossbreed and female cattle had significantly higher disease prevalence than their male counterparts. The introduction of new animals into farms was discovered to be one of the most significant risk factors in disease transmission. The aim of current review was to provide the information about LSDV because no study has conducted in Pakistan as it is new disease reported in 2022. The current review of literature will be useful to field veterinarians, herders, and animal health decision makers in Pakistan, as well as in taking appropriate measures to prevent future outbreaks of this disease. Keywords: Domestic animals; Cattle; Lumpy skin disease; Poxviridae; Pakistan
The Emerging Roles of Histology in the Management of Lung Cancer
Authors: Alsuhaymi Naif
Published: August 2022

For many years, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have been treated as single-disease entities. However, there are significant histologic and molecular differences between the various types of lung cancers. Such differences influence the various chemotherapeutic agents' outcomes and side effect profiles. For instance, bevacizumab causes significant pulmonary hemorrhage in squamous cell carcinoma; hence it is not recommended to treat such histologic subtypes. SCLC is more aggressive than NSCLC; therefore, it demonstrates differences in tumor behavior and the need to approach treatments differently. To date, studies of various lung cancers have provided new insight into their molecular characteristics. The histological classification does not only focus on the morphology but can provide detailed histological characteristics that will promote targeted therapy. Can this new knowledge assist in developing more effective drugs for lung cancers? In this paper, the review shows the advancements in histological diagnosis of lung cancers and their use in the optimal treatment of lung cancers. Keywords: Small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, histological subtypes.
Rezension von: Stingl, Martin; Zimmermann, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Ritter – Landespatron – Jugendidol
Authors: Theil Bernhard , Stingl Martin , Zimmermann Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Ritter – Landespatron – Jugendidol, Markgraf Bernhard II. von Baden. Begleitband zur Ausstellung des Landesarchivs Baden-Württemberg, Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe, hg. von Martin Stingl und Wolfgang Zimmermann. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2019. 203 S., 91 Abb. ISBN 978-3-17-036528-5. Geb. € 20,–
Rezension von: Philipp, Hans-Jürgen, Das Hofgestüt Marbach (1491–1817) des Hauses Württemberg auf der Schwäbischen Alb
Authors: Fritz Eberhard , Philipp Hans-Jürgen
Published: August 2022

Hans-Jürgen Philipp, Das Hofgestüt Marbach (1491 – 1817) des Hauses Württemberg auf der Schwäbischen Alb. Münster: Lit Verlag 2018. 354 S. ISBN 9783-6431-3970-2. € 34,90
Rezension von: Maisch, Andreas; Wiest, Sara, Schwäbisch Hall
Authors: Schiffer Peter , Maisch Andreas , Wiest Sara
Published: August 2022

Andreas Maisch / Sara Wiest, Schwäbisch Hall. Geschichte erzählt in vergleichenden Ansichten. Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2020. 136 S., ca. 170 meist farb. Abb. ISBN 978-3-95505-231-7. Geb. € 19,90
Rezension von: Maier, Gerald; Rehm, Clemens (Hrsg.), Archive heute – Vergangenheit für die Zukunft
Authors: Fuchs Franz , Maier Gerald , Rehm Clemens
Published: August 2022

Archive heute – Vergangenheit für die Zukunft. Archivgut – Kulturerbe – Wissenschaft. Zum 65. Geburtstag von Robert Kretzschmar, hg. von Gerald Maier und Clemens Rehm (Werkhefte der Staatlichen Archivverwaltung Baden-Württemberg, Serie A, Heft 26). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2018. 500 S. ISBN 978-3-17-034606-2. Geb. € 49,–
Rezension von: Krimm, Konrad (Bearb.), Archive der Grafen und Freiherren von Helmstatt
Authors: Regenbogen Clemens , Krimm Konrad
Published: August 2022

Archive der Grafen und Freiherren von Helmstatt, Urkundenregesten 1258 – 1877, bearb. von Konrad Krimm unter Mitarbeit von Christa Balharek und Dirk Hainbuch (Inventare der nichtstaatlichen Archive in Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 40). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2020. 870 S., 11 farb. Abb. ISBN 978-3-17-035358-9. Geb. € 85,–
Rezension von: Epkenhans, Michael; Groß, Gerhard P.; Pöhlmann, Markus; Stachelbeck, Christian (Hrsg.), Geheimdienst und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg
Authors: Mährle Wolfgang , Epkenhans Michael , Groß Gerhard P. , Pöhlmann Markus , Stachelbeck Christian
Published: August 2022

Michael Epkenhans / Gerhard P. Groß / Markus Pöhlmann / Christian Stachelbeck (Hg.), Geheimdienst und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg. Die Aufzeichnungen von Oberst Walter Nicolai 1914 bis 1918. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2019. IX, 667 S. ISBN 978-3-11-060501-3. Geb. € 64,95; ISBN 978-3-11-073507-9. Broschur € 29,95
مدى جاهزية مدارس وزارة التربية والتعليم في سلطنة عمان لإدارة الأزمات من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس أنفسهم.
Authors: الفارسي عبد الله , الدايري نوف , الجرادي فاطمة , العمري منى
Published: August 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى جاهزية مدارس وزارة التربية والتعليم في سلطنة عمان لإدارة الأزمات من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس أنفسهم، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (72) مدير ومديرة مدرسة، وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي لمناسبته لطبيعة الدراسة، ولجمع البيانات قام الباحثون بتطوير أداة وتم التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، حيث بلغ معامل ثبات الأداة وفق معامل كرونباخ ألفا (0.865) وتكونت الاستبانة في صورتها النهائية في مجالين هما: دور التخطيط في إدارة الازمات التعليمية، ودور وسائل الإعلام والاتصال في إدارة الازمات التعليمية، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الأزمات التي تتعرض لها مدارس وزارة التربية والتعليم في سلطنة عمان من وجهة نظر عينة الدراسة، كما أشارت الدراسة إلى وجود مستوى منخفض في دور التخطيط في إدارة الأزمات من وجهة نظر مديرو المدارس بمتوسط حسابي (2.25)، كما كشفت الدراسة إلى وجود مستوى منخفض في دور وسائل الإعلام والاتصال في إدارة الازمات التعليمية في وزارة التربية والتعليم بسلطنة عمان من وجهة نظر أفراد العينة حيث بلغت قيمة المتوسط العام (2.17)، وقدمت الدراسة بعض المقترحات التي قد تسهم في تطوير جاهزية مدارس وزارة التربية والتعليم في سلطنة عمان في إدارة الأزمات.
Determination the optimal conditions for production of nanocellulose from acetic acid bacteria
Authors: Ahmed Entissar Faroun , Ali Wala’a Shawkat , Heider Nadhem Hasan
Published: August 2022

Bacteria could produce bacterial nanocellulose through a procedure steps: polymerization and crystallization, that occur in the cytoplasm of the bacteria, the residues of glucose polymerize to (β-1,4) lineal glucan chains that produced from bacterial cell extracellularly, these lineal glucan are converted to microfbrils, after that these microfbrils collected together to shape very pure three dimensional pored net. It could be obtained a pure cellulose that created by some M.O, from the one of the active producer organism like Acetic acid bacteria (AAB), that it is a gram -ve, motile and live in aerobic condition. The bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) have great consideration in many fields because of its flexible properties, features and advantages of the BNC. So in this study, the acetic acid bacteria (5AC) isolate was isolated from apple vinegar and detected the ability of this isolate to produce the nanocellulose on the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium, and then optimized the production condition, four parameters were investigated: temperature, pH, different carbon sources and nitrogen sources.  After incubation the isolate for about (168- 192) hrs, the highest yield of BNC was identified by determining the wet weight, dry weight also the consumed sugar for each parameter.
Harmonic Scalpel® treatment of haemorrhoidectomy versus Milligan–Morgan's method
Authors: Hedaya Mohamed S , Ezzat H. , Taleb Hoda Abu , Elashry Mohamed A.
Published: August 2022

Haemorrhoidal disease develops slowly. In comparison to electrocautery, surgical intervention with the Harmonic Scalpel® shear is a revolutionary approach for ablation of symptomatic fourth and third degree haemorrhoids. In contrast to electrocautery, Harmonic Scalpel® causes less discomfort because of its restricted lateral thermal injury during tissue dissection. The purpose of this study was to observe how effective Harmonic Scalpel® is at reducing postoperative problems after a haemorrhoidectomy. A harmonic US scalpel device was utilized to do the hemorrhoidectomy in group A, while a monopolar electrocautery device was employed in group B, which included 82 individuals. In this study, postoperative pain was more statistically significant in the Harmonic haemorridectomy group A than in group B haemorridectomy, in keeping with a pain numerical analogue scale of 1 to 10. The postoperative pain in group A was statistically significant on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th days of follow up, p<0.001. Time off work and patient satisfaction were statistically significant in the harmonic group, 2.50±0.066 compared to the surgery group, 3.56±0.070 (p<0.05). Healing of postoperative ulcers was statistically significant in the harmonic group (2.640.062 vs. 4.120.062 in surgery) (p<0.037).
clinico surgical experience of thyroglossal duct cysts in a tertiary care hospital of Southern Odisha
Authors: Mallick Sworup Nanda , Patro Santosh Kumar , Mahapatra Swapna , Bag Lachhaman , Nayak Sanjit Kumar , Amitav Suvendu
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC, also known as the thyroglossal tract remnant, or TTR) is a well-known developmental anomaly that affects roughly 7% of the population.  It often manifests as a movable, painless lump. Objectives: to report our 2 years of clinical experience with thyroglossal cysts in terms of clinical aspects and surgical findings. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in Department of General Surgery, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur over a period of 24 months from July 2019- June 2021. Results: The majority (72.72%) were under the age of fifteen. Patients aged 16 -30 years made about 24.24% of the patient population. Males made up 63.63 % of the population, while females made up 36.36%. 88% of patients had neck swelling when they arrived. 15.15% of patients exhibited erythema/redness over swelling, and 18.18% felt tenderness. 15.15% of patients at presentation had painful swelling and deglutination. 18.8% of patients reported having experienced recurrent neck swelling in the previous two years, while 12.12 % only had recurring discharge from the midline neck.
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among antenatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ragavan. M Uppili Venkat , Pavithra G Pavithra G , Aravind G. , Kamali.R Kamali.R , T.Varsha T.Varsha , Roobini N.Sathya
Published: August 2022

Background: Anemia is an important public health problem globally. It is an important determinant of nutritional status. 1.62 billion people globally are affected with anemia which corresponds to 24.8% of the world population. There is relatively lack of interest in identifying the burden of the disease among antenatal mothers in India. Government of India distributes iron and folic acid tablets to preganant women under National Nutritional Anemia Prophylaxis Programme and Anemia Mukt Bharat Strategy. Still, early detection and prompt management of anemia in pregnancy is necessary to prevent complications during puerperium. Objectives: To compare the prevalence of Anemia among antenatal mothers in Institute of Social Obstetrics and Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for Women and Children, Triplicane, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. To compare the identified associated factors of anemia among the same study population Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted among 99 Antenatal mothers in the age group of 18 to 45 years in second trimesters in Institute of Social Obstetrics and Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for Women and Children, Triplicane, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Socio demographic details, anthropometric measurement was obtained. Haemoglobin was estimated using auto analyzer.
Sample, Then Specialize: What comes before a hot streak
Authors:   Character Lab, Duckworth Angela
Published: August 2022

Because I study outliers in achievement—people who are the very best at what they do—I’m often asked for parenting advice. “How many hours should my son practice piano?” “Is it too late if my daughter doesn’t join a travel soccer team before high school?”
Seeing Red: What a wonder-full world
Authors:   Character Lab, Keil Frank
Published: August 2022

Frances’s question surprised me, both because she knew enough to ask it and because I had no idea what the answer was. When I failed to find explanations on my cell phone, Frances got bored with me and wandered off, asking others how to make red paint. Preschoolers love thinking about possible explanations of interesting things.
Analysis of the Basic Infrastructures Affecting Child Labour in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Musa Ibrahim , Magaji Sule , Tsauni Ahmed
Published: August 2022

This study examines the basic infrastructures affecting child labour in North-Eastern Nigeria. The study employed multistage sampling techniques to obtain data from selected local government areas in three states of North Eastern Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were administered to 810 children and their household heads in three wards of each local government area selected. The data obtained were analysed using the Tobit Model. The results show that access to electricity has no significant effect on children engaging in work. This implies that access to electricity has no significant contribution or effect on determining the probability of children engaging in child labour. In addition, access to clean pipe borne water has no significant effect on children engaging in work. But the distance of school from households in kilometers has a significant positive effect on children engaged in work. However, the distance between hospitals and households in kilometers has no significant effect on children engaging in work, and the increase in the distance between hospitals from households in kilometers has the potential to reduce the probability of children engaging in work. Therefore, the study recommends necessary actions such as adequate provision for basic infrastructure.
Impact of Hydropower Dam on Household Water Security: Evidence from Amerti-Neshe Reservoir in Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Jima Yeshi , Diriba Dawit , Senbeta Feyera , Simane Belay
Published: August 2022

Understanding the impact of hydropower dam construction on adjacent local community water security is critical for identifying factors that influence water security as well as improving water supplies in rural areas. This study analyzes the impact of hydropower dam construction on the water security of households around the Amerti and Neshe dams in Northwestern Ethiopia. A multistage sampling procedure was followed to select 485 households (268 affected and 217 non-affected) for our analysis. A principal component analysis was applied to five dimensions of water security (access, utilization, affordability, quality, and quantity) and then the households water security index (HWSI) was constructed. An endogenous switching regression model was applied to analyze the impact of dam construction on the water security status at the household level in the study area.  Our findings revealed that there is a significant mean difference in HWSI between affected and non-affected households regarding water access and quality. The average treatment effect indicates that the construction of the two dams has had a negative impact on household water security, reducing it by 12%. As a result, government and other stakeholders should consider relocating affected households to better areas in order to mitigate such negative effects on household water security.
Challenges and Opportunities for Rural Men and Women in Land Conversion Processes in Central Zambia
Authors:   University of Zambia, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, P. O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia., Umar Bridget Bwalya , Banda Diana ,   University of Zambia, School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Extension Studies, P. O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.
Published: August 2022

Zambia’s Lands Act of 1996 provides for the conversion of land rights from customary to leasehold tenure by both Zambian citizens and non-Zambians. This study reports on land conversion processes engaged by rural men and women of Chongwe and Chibombo districts in central Zambia. Data was collected through 85 structured interviews with male and female residents in the two study areas and several key informants. Results show that 75% and 58% of the men and women interviewed had obtained customary land from their village head persons, and 31% and 42% had engaged in land conversion processes. Land conversions have resulted in increased employment opportunities for men; and tenure security for unmarried and widowed women. Ambivalence towards the loss of power by chiefs over subjects with titled land and paying property taxes to the state was evident in both men and women residents in the midst of more secure land tenure rights for their families. Retaining traditional leaders’ authority in the land conversion process perpetuates discriminatory practices against women and privileges village head persons and men while disadvantaging women. Land conversions are engendering changes in matrilineal inheritance patterns more favourable to landowners’ children.
Keeping Quality of Rabbit Meat Floss Prepared with Different Oils and Stored in Three Packaging Materials
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Adediran O.A. , Awodoyin R.O. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Irikefe-Ekeke E.O. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Onuzuluike C ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Jenfa O. E. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Oshibanjo D.O. ,   Department of Animal Production, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, Faniyi T.O. ,   Department of Crop and Animal Science, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Nigeria, Olusola O.O. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Omojola A.B. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: August 2022

Meat floss is a dehydrated ready-to-eat meat product most commonly produced from beef. Due to increasing consumer awareness about health, there is interest in healthier alternatives like rabbit meat. In this study, meat floss was produced from rabbit meat using three cooking oils: Refined Palm Oil (RPO), Soya Oil (SO) and Canola Oil (CO). The iodine number of each of the three oil types was determined before use. The resulting Rabbit Meat Floss (RMF) was packed in three materials: Aluminium Foil (AF), Ziploc (ZPL) and Polypropylene (PP). The RMF were stored at room temperature and analysed for sensory properties and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) on days 7, 14 and 21 of storage. The study was a 3 by 3 factorial experiment fitted into a completely randomised design and replicated three times. The refined RFO had the highest iodine number (81.05), and CO had the least (69.57). Following interactions among storage days, oil type and packaging material, TBARS was significantly highest (P<0.05) on day 7 for RMF from CO stored in ZPL (8.44mgMDA/Kg). The RMF from SO stored in AF had the lowest TBARS on Day 21 (2.57mgMDA/Kg). There were no significant differences in sensory properties throughout the experimental period.
Method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of netupitant and palonosetron in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form by using RP-HPLC
Authors: Siddiraju Sridhar , Akshay  , M. Sudhakar
Published: August 2022

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Netupitant and Palanosetron in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Std Discovery C18 250 x 4.6 mm, 5. Mobile phase containing Buffer 0.1% OPA (2.2ph): Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 55:45 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Buffer used in this method was 0.1% OPA. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 230 nm. Retention time of Netupitant and Palanosetron were found to be 2.325min and 3.026min. %RSD of the Netupitant and Palanosetron were and found to be 0.9 and 0.6 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 100.28% and 99.76% for Netupitant and Palanosetron respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regressionequations of Netupitant and Palanosetron were 1.01, 3.05 and 0.001, 0.003 respectively. Regression equation of Netupitant is y = 13900x + 26511, and y = 563617x + 1740.8 of Palanosetron. Retention times were decreased and that run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.
Vegetational analysis in mixed Banj (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) - Tilonj Oak (Quercus Floribunda Lindl.) forests in Nainital Catchment
Authors: Giri Dinesh , Tewari Ashish , Rawat Yashwant
Published: August 2022

The present study was carried out on six forest sites dominated by Quercus leucotrichophora and Q. floribunda forests to assess variations in floral biodiversity and community with changes in microclimatic conditions between 2090 and 2200 m elevation in Nainital on 3 different aspects. The composition of tree layer was more or less similar across the studied sites. The impact of aspect change on shrub and herb species diversity and density was also insignificant possibly because of little change in altitude and canopy cover (above 70%) in the studied sites.
Chemical characteristics of natural waters of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Kerala and Karnataka - their possible utility in wildlife management
Authors: Singh J.
Published: August 2022

The present investigation deals with the chemical characteristics/composition of the natural waters of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR), located within Kerala and Karnataka States respectively. Waters of both localities differ significantly in their chemical characteristics and composition. The waters of NBR - Kerala are bereft of dissolved minerals in their per unit volume, irrespective of their sources and location. Calcium ions dominate within cations and bicarbonate within anions. Carbonate ions are conspicuously absent in all waters. In contrast to above, the waters of Karnataka have sufficient dissolved minerals in their per unit volume and magnesium ions are prominent within cations and chloride within anions in large number of water bodies. Carbonate ions are sufficiently present in majority of the waters. In both localities, the calcium and magnesium ions show a close resemblance in their concentration but sodium ions exhibit an erratic variation. The waters of NBR - Kerala are neutral to moderately alkaline in reaction (pH 7.0-8.4) but the Karnataka waters show comparatively high alkalinity (pH 7.0-9.0). The waters of NBR - Kerala have been categorized as C1S1 class and thus, found to be highly suitable for safe use either by the flora, fauna or even by the soils of the area but the waters of NBR - Karnataka, barring a few, have been categorized as C2S1 class and thus, suitable for fauna but may create problem of alkali hazards within soils and for plant species which are susceptible to sodium ions concentration. The present study pertinently suggests that to compensate the mineral deficiency especially in carnivores, the salt-licks having sufficient minerals may be placed in the entire biosphere reserve under Kerala and within Karnataka, it may be placed within those area which are not covered by artificial tanks.
Error Propensities Amongst Finance and Accounting Professionals: Can We Quantitatively Measure Illusion of Control or Chaos?
Authors: Taylor Keith I. , Kiymaz Halil
Published: August 2022

Most financial and accounting tasks and analytics, whether associated with the past or future, assume knowledge of process, variation, and statistics. Yet, finance and accounting personnel averaging 13 years of experience could not distinguish non-random from random time-series strings in an assessment using statistical process control charts. Respondents scored no better than guessing compared to a series of true-false questions. Latent class analysis methods within partial least square structural equation modeling successfully uncovered segments of respondents with large explained variance and significant paths to explicate tendencies toward type I or type II error rates, i.e., an illusion of control or illusion of chaos. Relationships between the desirability of control, personal fear of invalidity, and error rates were more varied than expected.
Social Attitudes Towards Bedouin and Sedentary Dialects in Central Najd
Authors: Alajmi Nasser Mohammed
Published: August 2022

This study examines whether Bedouins in Najd are converging on the sedentary dialect due to social attitudes towards these two dialects. It is hypothesized that the social attitudes towards the sedentary dialect will be positive, as opposed to those of the bedouin dialect. The social attitudes towards the dialects will be measured using indirect approach, via the verbal-guise test. In this test, the implicit attitudes of individuals towards a language/dialect are measured. Participants are presented with stimuli (short speech excerpts) from both dialects and asked to rate each speaker on a list of selected status and solidarity traits. The results show that the sedentary dialect ranked higher than bedouin dialect in civilization, education, open-mindedness, and expressing emotions. The bedouin dialect, however, ranked higher only in self-confidence. Thus, it is stated that the bedouins are converging on the sedentary dialect because of Najdis’ social attitudes towards the sedentary dialect.
Where is the ankle? Untreated severe chronic osteomyelitis
Authors: es Teresa , Caldas Marta , Gomes Catarina
Published: August 2022

A 17-year-old boy, with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type II, presented to the emergency department with an acute episode of dizziness and blurred vision. He had a history of amputations of distal phalanges of the fingers and toes and had abandoned medical follow-up in the last 3 years. He reported similar episodes of dizziness in the previous week, no history of fever, blood loss, pain, weight loss or other symptoms. Physical examination revealed pallor, normal heart rate and a right plantar ulcer, with necrotic bone exposure and inflammatory signs up to the right ankle. Laboratory testing revealed hemoglobin of 4.3g/dL and C-reactive protein 14,5mg/dL . Computed tomography of the leg revealed endoluminal gas bubbles in the tibia and adjacent soft tissues (Figure 1, arrow), resorption of multiple bones, reflecting osteomyelitis with Charcot foot. After stabilization with blood transfusions and antibiotic therapy, supracondylar amputation of the right leg was performed.
Radical Orbital Exenteration Post Rhino cerebral Mucormycosis of Orbit
Authors: Rathee Manu , Singh Sandeep , Jain Prachi , Chahal Sujata , Divakar Santhanam
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we present images of radical orbital exenteration post rhino cerebral mucormycosis of orbit. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a devastating, rapidly progressive and often fatal opportunistic fungal infection primarily affecting people with underlying metabolic or immunological impairment. Intracranial extension of this disease is associated with high mortality. Exenteration is a mutilating procedure but can be lifesaving.
Drug prescribing pattern in obstructive airway disorders in a tertiary care hospital, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional and observational study
Authors: Vishwasrao Sunil , Vishwasrao Sufala , Kumar Amar
Published: August 2022

Background: The term obstructive airway disorder comprises of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD). Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of airways while COPD is disease of alveoli. Asthma is characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, and nocturnal cough while patients of COPD present with chronic progressive breathlessness and wheezing. International guidelines are established for the management of obstructive airway disorders.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate drug prescribing pattern in bronchial asthma and COPD patients at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: After obtaining permission from hospital authority and permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee, 54 admitted patients’ prescription were screened between period of June 2021 to December 2021. Informed consent taken from the patients and were interviewed for collection of basic data such as name, age, and occupation. The purpose of the observational study was to see whether there is adherence to current practice guidelines of obstructive airway disorders. Data were compiled and tabulated using excel sheet and were presented using percentages and frequencies with necessary graphs and charts.

Results: Short acting β2 agonist (91%) and corticosteroids (59%) were the most prescribed agents in bronchial asthma while corticosteroids (75%) and short acting antimuscarinic agents (78.57%) were most common prescription in COPD patients. The most common antibiotic used for in obstructive airway disease was beta lactam antibiotic-cefotaxime.

Conclusion: In obstructive airway disorders, inhalation route was most preferred route as compared to oral, intramuscular, or intravenous route. The preferred antibiotic was cefotaxime.
Radio-histopathological evaluation of anti-arthritic activity of apigenin in Freund’s induced arthritis in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: E Vijai , M Sandeep , C Beyaril , K Sarath , P Leo
Published: August 2022

Background: Arthritis is a leading cause of physical disability and impaired quality of life. At present, symptomatic treatment is available for arthritis. According to literature, apigenin possess anti-inflammatory activity.

Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to screen the anti-inflammatory activity of Apigenin in freund’s induced arthritis in Wistar albino rats.

Materials and Methods: A total 30 rats were selected and divided into five groups each of six animals. Group – I (Normal saline), Group – II (Freund’s adjuvant (0.1 ml of 0.5%), Group – III (Dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg), Group – IV (Apigenin 50 mg/kg), and Group – V (Apigenin 100 mg/kg) doses were administered to their respective groups for 28 days. X-ray was taken on 28th day and animals were sacrificed and affected paw used for histopathological examination.

Results: Group – II rats showed inflammation, thickness, fibro, and fatty changes in joint compared to Group – I X-ray and histopathological examination. Groups – III and V rats showed reduction inflammation, thickness, and fatty changes compared to Group – II. Group – IV showed lesser effect compared Group – V.

Conclusion: Apigenin administration significantly prevent the Freund’s induced radiological and histopathological changes in rats.
Peran Perempuan Dalam Melahirkan Generasi Yang Berkualitas Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Roziardiansyah Roziardiansyah , Jatim Jatim
Published: August 2022

In the modern era like today, there are many women who work outside the home to meet the needs of their family life, earn a living as an addition to their husband's income, because of the demands of the new era in a society that is experiencing a period of women's emancipation. For women who work will divide attention to work and their families. This is a challenge for women when carrying out multiple roles. This causes many women to be unable to carry out their duties and responsibilities properly in the family, because mothers never know how to properly educate their children, such as being busy with their careers to handing over the biggest responsibility in children's education to the school or child caretaker. his son. As a result of that, how many families are destroyed because mothers are reluctant to educate their children, because they just ignore them, which eventually gives birth to a generation that cannot be expected, namely a generation that is not qualified. Based on the problems above, the researcher will examine more deeply about "The role of women in giving birth to a quality generation from the perspective of the Qur'an". To explore this study, the researcher used qualitative listening with the type of library research. The data analysis method in this study uses the thematic method or what is called Maud}u'i.

Keywords: Women, generation, quality, al-Qur'an
FÜTÜVVET/AHİLİK - TASAVVUF İLİŞKİSİ VE İKTİSADİ HAYATA DAİR BAZI ÇIKARSAMALAR: FARKLI DİLLERDE YAZILMIŞ BAZI FÜTÜVVETNAMELER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ERDEM Ekrem
Published: August 2022

Gençlik, yiğitlik, mertlik, cömertlik, fedakârlık, diğerkamlık ve yardımseverlik gibi anlamları ifade eden fütüvvet, geçmişte farklı zamanlarda ve coğrafyalarda farklı zümreler eliyle farklı anlamlar kazanmıştır. Bunlar içerisinde sufi fütüvvet geleneği hem yazılı kaynaklarda hem de yaşam biçimi ve teşkilatlanmada en köklü ve yaygın olanıdır. Bu çalışmada, fütüvvetin ya da ahiliğin en önemli kaynağı olarak fütüvvetnamelerde bahsedilen ilkeler ve ritüellerden hareketle fütüvvet ve tasavvuf ilişkisinin incelenmesi ve buradan iktisadi hayata dair olası çıkarsamaların elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu itibarla, fütüvvetnamelerdeki dil ve anlayış farklılıklarını da dikkate alarak Arapça, Farsça ve Osmanlı Türkçesi’nde yazılmış toplam on beş fütüvvetname üzerine bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular göstermiştir ki, fütüvvet-ahilik anlayışı ve fütüvvetnameler özü itibariyle tasavvufun vazettiği temel ahlak ve edep kurallarına dayanmaktadır. Aslında, fütüvvet anlayışının İslam dünyasının farklı toplum kesimlerinde ve devlet yönetiminde geniş kabul görmesini sağlayan en önemli unsur da tasavvuf hareketi ile olan yakınlığı olmuştur. Özellikle büyük mutasavvıfların tanımladığı fütüvvet anlayışı insanlıkta kemali (insan-ı kâmil olmayı) amaçladığı için, bazı müellifler fütüvvet-ahi teşkilatını fütüvvet tarikatı olarak nitelendirmiştir. Fakat bizim de katıldığımız hâkim görüş, İslam tarihinin hiçbir devrinde fütüvvetin standart bir tarikat haline gelmediği, ancak benzer ahlaki ilkelere ve edep kurallarına göre oluşturulmuş, sosyal ve iktisadi işlevleri öne çıkmış sivil bir yapı olduğudur.
Phytochemical and pharmacological status of indian medicinal plant Naringi crenulate (Roxb.) Nicolson-minireview
Authors:   Department of Botany, Seethalakshmi Ramaswami College, Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, Tamil Nadu, India, C Thilagavathi , K Palanisamy ,   PG & Research Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal-637 002, Tamil Nadu, India, M Lenin ,   PG & Research Department of Botany, Government Arts College, Dharmapuri-636705, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: August 2022

Naringi crenulate is extensively used as traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases in India. It is reported to have antimicrobial activity, wound healing property, larvicidal and anticancer and hepatoprotective activity. Chemical investigations of this plant have revealed the presence of alkaloids, amino acids, phenolics and fatty acids etc., Naringi crenulate has shown promise as an effective bio-control agent. The present Mini review includes the detailed exploration of traditional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties and actions of whole plant extract reported so far.
PENGARUH SUDUT DATANG SINAR dan KERAPATAN TANAMAN terhadap HASIL PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L) pada SISTEM TANAMAN VERTIKULTUR
Authors: Nadya Florencia , Ginting Candra , Hartati Retni Mardu
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara sudut datang sinar dan kerapatan tanaman terhadap hasil pakcoy serta untuk mengetahui sudut datang sinar dan kerapatan tanaman yang tepat untuk hasil pakcoy pada sistem tanaman vertikultur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari – Mei 2021 di Kost Putri Exclusive Lina yang terletak di Jalan Nangka II, Gang Sansadiar, Karangnongko, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah sudut datang sinar (S) terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu 00 – 300, 300 – 600 dan 600 – 900. Faktor kedua adalah kerapatan tanaman (K) terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu 1 tanaman per lubang tanam, 2 tanaman per lubang tanam dan 3 tanaman per lubang tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sudut datang sinar dan kerapatan tanaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil pakcoy. Sedangkan untuk sudut datang sinar yang tepat untuk hasil pakcoy berada pada sudut datang sinar 300 – 600 dan untuk kerapatan tanaman yang baik untuk hasil pakcoy adalah kerapatan tanaman dengan 1 tanaman dalam satu lubang tanam.
A Place-based Approach to Online Dialogue: Appreciative Inquiry in Utrecht, the Netherlands during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Henderson-Child Evelyn
Published: August 2022

Dialogue has a unique place in Dutch society. In 2001, in response to the 9/11 attacks in New York, the first Day of Dialogue was held in Rotterdam. The event was organised by the municipality with the aim of creating greater social cohesion and mutual understanding between local people of different backgrounds, using the principles of Appreciative Inquiry (AI). In 2008, this became a week-long event, which has since been replicated in 100 municipalities throughout the Netherlands by a network of local dialogue organisations. In some cities, these organisations now hold dialogue meetings all year round. Utrecht in Dialogue (UID) is one of these organisations, working with government, business and civil society partners to create events that speak to Utrecht residents since 2008. True to its mission, UID welcomes loyal participants, first-timers, speakers of different mother tongues, long-time Utrecht residents, newcomers: anyone who wants to engage in this dialogue practice. When the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in 2020, UID moved all dialogues online and continued to coordinate Zoom dialogues on at least a weekly basis. Thanks to the online format, a growing contingent joined meetings from other places in the Netherlands and even abroad. Several participants would never attend a face-to-face meeting. Yet even as the virtual format gives rise to a more geographically dispersed audience, UID remains highly local in its focus on community cohesion and mutual understanding; the community-building strategy is centred around the city districts, as are the topic choices and partner network. This article explores these structured online dialogues as a place-based practice, by means of ethnographic observation of ten dialogue meetings. The research thus contributes to an understanding of the role of online dialogue in creating local community cohesion, of online and offline dialogue and to the specific practice of AI dialogue in the Netherlands.
Francesc Cambó y la CHADE. ¿Qué hace un político «nuevo» presidiendo una multinacional corruptora?
Authors: De Riquer i Permanyer Borja
Published: August 2022

El político catalanista Francesc Cambó fue el presidente de la Compañía Hispano Americana de Electricidad (CHADE), la más importante inversión española en el extranjero y la principal empresa eléctrica de América Latina. El éxito económico de esta empresa, que permitió a Cambó enriquecerse de forma notable, se debió en gran medida a la influencia lograda en Argentina gracias a la corrupción política. Cambó, que conocía los procedimientos utilizados por su compañía —gastos confidenciales a periodistas y funcionarios, sobornos a políticos, ventajas fiscales, etc.—, nunca condenó estas prácticas, aunque le desagradaban. Consideraba que la corrupción era una enfermedad muy difícil de curar y que ante ella debía actuarse con discreción y prudencia, evitando siempre el escándalo público. Él mismo y sus biógrafos han ocultado que en 1945 fue acusado de cooperación con el cohecho y defraudación a la Administración Pública y que logró evitar ser procesado gracias a la intervención de Juan Domingo Perón. Sus responsabilidades en la gestión corruptora de la CHADE sin duda contribuyeron a que el ambicioso «político nuevo» de principios de siglo xx acabara convertido en un acaudalado conservador, incapaz de asumir ningún riesgo político.
La figura de Santiago Carrillo en la prensa satírica de la Transición
Authors: Vilches Gerardo
Published: August 2022

Las revistas satíricas publicadas durante la transición española de la dictadura franquista a la democracia constituyen un espacio de comentario al proceso político que permite analizar las críticas que se hacían al mismo desde cierta izquierda. Este artículo propone, en concreto, un análisis de la figura del secretario general del Partido Comunista de España Santiago Carrillo entre la muerte de Franco y la firma de los pactos de la Moncloa. Asimismo, se pondrá de manifiesto el descontento de ciertos sectores hacia las renuncias que el PCE llevó a cabo y hacia el liderazgo de Carrillo.