bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kualitas SDM Melalui Pelatihan Cyber Security Pada Anggota Polisi Daerah Jawa Timur
Authors: Machlul Mochammad
Published: January 2024

Dalam menghadapi tantangan keamanan siber yang semakin kompleks, kebutuhan akan peningkatan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di bidang keamanan siber menjadi suatu keharusan. Jurnal ini membahas implementasi program pelatihan keamanan siber pada anggota Kepolisian Daerah (Polda) Jawa Timur sebagai langkah proaktif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam menanggapi ancaman siber. Kegiatan ini mengevaluasi dampak pelatihan keamanan siber terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kesadaran anggota Polda Jawa Timur terhadap risiko keamanan siber. Metode pelatihan mencakup pemahaman dasar keamanan siber, deteksi ancaman, respons terhadap insiden, dan praktik terbaik dalam menjaga integritas data.
Entering University during Times of Disruption: Experiences of First-Year Students from a Historically Disadvantaged University in South Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ndebele Clever , Legg-Jack Dagogo William
Published: January 2024

The study, premised on the interpretive paradigm explored the experiences of First Year students from a historically disadvantaged university in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was underpinned by one research question namely, what are the experiences of first-year students from a historically disadvantaged university during the COVID-19 pandemic? Convenience sampling was used to select 52 students from one diploma programme. Data was generated through open-ended online questionnaires designed using Google Forms and was analysed thematically. The Technology Acceptance Model was employed as a theoretical lens to frame the study. Findings highlighted the following themes namely, challenges with device ownership and Learning Management System Use, Student Access to the Learning Management System due to connectivity challenges in rural areas, interaction experience with other students online and challenges associated with interacting with Lecturers online. From the findings, the study recommended that deliberate efforts at the national level be undertaken to bridge the digital divide between students from historically disadvantaged universities and historically advantaged universities through the provision of requisite technology infrastructure. Further, the study recommended thorough capacity building in the use of information communication technologies for students from historically disadvantaged communities who may not be privy to the technologies.

Keywords: Covid19, Historically Disadvantaged University, Learning Management System, WiSeUp
Computing the Tracy-Widom Distribution for Arbitrary $\beta>0$
Authors:   University of Washington, USA, Trogdon Thomas , Zhang Yiting ,   University of Washington, USA
Published: January 2024

We compute the Tracy-Widom distribution describing the asymptotic distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a large random matrix by solving a boundary-value problem posed by Bloemendal in his Ph.D. Thesis (2011). The distribution is computed in two ways. The first method is a second-order finite-difference method and the second is a highly accurate Fourier spectral method. Since $\beta$ is simply a parameter in the boundary-value problem, any $\beta> 0$ can be used, in principle. The limiting distribution of the $n$th largest eigenvalue can also be computed. Our methods are available in the Julia package TracyWidomBeta.jl.
Mapping Observations of Peptide-like Molecules around Sagittarius B2
Authors: Zheng Siqi , Li Juan , Wang Junzhi , Wang Yao , Gao Feng , Quan Donghui , Du Fujun , Wu Yajun , Bergin Edwin , Li Yuqiang
Published: January 2024

Peptide-like molecules, which have a close connection with the origin of life, have been detected in the Universe. Mapping observations of HCONH2 and CH3CONH2, two of the simplest peptide-like molecules, are performed toward the Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) complex with the IRAM 30 m telescope. Seven transitions of HCONH2 and five transitions of CH3CONH2 are used in the analysis. The spatial distributions of the excitation temperature and column density of HCONH2 in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2 are obtained by rotation diagrams. Assuming the same excitation temperature of HCONH2, the column densities of CH3CONH2 are also calculated. The results show that the excitation temperature ranges from 6 to 46 K in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2. The abundance ratios between HCONH2 and CH3CONH2 are calculated to explore the relationship between them, as are those between HCONH2 and HNCO. The abundance ratio of CH3CONH2/HCONH2 varies from 10% to 20%, while that of HCONH2/HNCO ranges from 1.5% to 10%. CH3CONH2 is enhanced with respect to HCONH2 in the northwest region of Sgr B2. One transition of H13CONH2 is detected toward 12 positions of Sgr B2, from which a 12C/13C ratio of 28.7 is obtained. A time-dependent chemical model with a short-duration X-ray burst is used to explain the observed abundances of HCONH2 and CH3CONH2, with the best-fitting result at T
dust = 53–56 K. More chemical reactions are required to be included in the model since the modeled abundance is lower than the observed one at the observed T
dust.
Smoothing Methods for Continuous Permeation Data Measured Discretely Designated for Quick Evaluation of Barrier Materials
Authors: Hasilová Kamila , Otřísal Pavel , Stodola Petr
Published: January 2024

Information concerning barrier properties of materials used for production of personal
protective equipment fundamentally not only affects their useful properties, but also
supports the end users’ decisions. Data obtained from measurements by standardized
methods have to be processed by appropriate statistical methods. The article deals with
numerical and statistical methods of reconstruction of a continuous curve out of discretely measured data. These mathematical models are proposed as an extension to the manual measurement of a conductometric method. Behaviour of these models is demonstrated on two chemical warfare agent simulants, however, the proposed methodology is universal and can be applied also to chemicals which have no conductivity. The parametric and nonparametric models are studied in the curve reconstruction, as well as in the calculation of subsequent characteristics, for example, a lag-time. The nonparametric model shows the best results which are in accordance with an expert’s estimate.
The Military and Civilian Applications of Geopolymers
Authors: Růžek Vojtěch , Louda Petr , Nosek Vladimír
Published: January 2024

In this article, various geopolymer applications in the context of both existing and potential future military applications are summarized. Geopolymers are a type of alkaline activated concrete binder with many advantageous properties over ordinary Portland cement based materials. Geopolymers are first compared to ordinary Portland cement based materials in regards to their mechanical properties, thermal properties, chemical resistance and CO2 emissions during manufacturing. History of geopolymer applications and research is also discussed. Then, various geopolymer applications are summarized, including their use as a passive fire protection, material for general construction, “ink”for 3D printing. These types of applications are also discussed in the context of existing and potential military applications of geopolymers, including their use by U.S. armed forces and U.S. military research. Superior geopolymer resistance to explosions is also presented.
Chronic Residual Aortic Dissection after Type A Aortic Dissection Repair: 7-year Results
Authors: Cavolli Raif , Krasniqi Halil
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Residual Type B aortic dissection (RTBAD) after Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) repair is a serious disease that requires reintervention. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for RTBAD after TAAD repair is an acceptable choice for this problem.
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of extended coverage of the descending thoracic aorta by TEVAR for RTBAD after TAAD repair.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study. From November 2017 to August 2022, 12 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent extended TEVAR for residual chronic Type B aortic dissection after TAAD repair. Data were collected from 12 patients in this period, and detailed patient characteristics were analyzed before, early after, and periodically after procedure. At the same time, we tried to develop an algorithm for this group of the patients.
RESULTS: TEVAR consisted of isolated TEVARs (n = 12). The mean time from TAAD repair to TEVAR was 27 ± 33 months (2–86 months). Technical success of TEVAR was 100%. The distal ends of the stent grafts were T 8 (eight cases), T 9 (four cases). The average length of hospital stay after TEVAR was 3.41 day (2–5 days). There were no surgical/hospital deaths or complications. The average postoperative follow-up period was 26.75 months (22–34) without death or reintervention.
CONCLUSION: The short-term outcomes of extended TEVAR for residual chronic Type B aortic dissection after TAAD repair were acceptable without major adverse aortic events. By careful systematic evaluation of the patients, coverage of the descending thoracic aorta may prevent aortic events, but middle-and long-term results should be clarified.
Analysis of Patient Safety Culture Post of the COVID-19 Outbreak Peak
Authors: Kristanto Erwin Gidion
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture is an important indicator of the quality of health services. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a health emergency that contributed to the dynamics of handling and providing services in the health sector and put significant pressure on the health sector. Health services during the COVID-19 pandemic faced serious challenges. During a pandemic, safe and high-quality care is an important goal in the patient safety care system, which is an effort to prevent mistakes in providing services.
METHOD: This study used analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach and continued with correlation and comparative studies. The sample in this study amounted to 323 respondents by non-probability sampling.
RESULTS: At the beginning of the pandemic, especially during the first spike in cases, there was a decline in patient safety culture, especially in the reporting of patient safety incidents. This decline was immediately corrected from 27.6% after the peak of the first pandemic to 52.4% after the peak of the second pandemic to 70% after the peak of the third pandemic. The dimension of teamwork between units had the largest correlation (r = 0.506) with a value of p = 0.000 in the first post-peak pandemic; in the post-peak of the second pandemic, the overall perception dimension of patient safety was the dimension with the largest correlation value (r = 0.547) with a value of p = 0.000. In the third post-peak pandemic, the supervisor/manager expectation dimension and actions that support patient safety were the dimensions that had the largest correlation value (r = 0.255) with a value of p = 0.000.
CONCLUSION: There are dominant factors related to the quality of implementing patient safety culture in each post- peak pandemic and there are differences in the quality of implementing patient safety culture for each post-peak pandemic.
Practice of Transradial Approach for Interventional Radiology
Authors: Alamer Sarah Saad , Alazzam Shujon Mohammed , Aldobikhi Yousef Ahmed Aldobikhi , Alamer Lujain Saad , Alzain Nouf Nasser , Bazuhair Adeeb Omar
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Interventional radiology (IR) is a specialized field within radiology that diagnoses and treats several conditions through a minimally invasive surgical procedure. The transradial approach (TRA) for endovascular interventions was introduced by Lucian Campeau in 1989. TRA gained great popularity in hemodynamics, with studies demonstrating its safety, feasibility, and superiority compared with the transfemoral approach. The use of the radial artery as the primary access vessel into the arterial system is not a new concept.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate the practice of TRA among interventional radiologists (IRs).
AIM: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study, targeting interventional radiologists (IRs). The data were collected through an online questionnaire between May 2023 and June 2023. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
RESULTS: Among 43 interventional radiologists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 39.5% are not performing TRA; reasons for underuse among interventional radiologists (52.9%) include lack of training and (23.5%) distance from the access site; and finally, 17.6% have a potential higher risk for neurological complications; while 60.5% of them are performing TRA, mainly for pelvic procedures (80.8%), followed by hepatic procedures (53.8%).
CONCLUSION: In our study, the use of TRA was observed, almost among half of our respondents, and this may relate to reasons such as a lack of appropriate training and distance from the access site. On the other hand, TRA has been proven to have less access site complications and lower mortality. Therefore, better understand the real advantages of TRA and how it can offer higher value in patient care.
Diagnostic power of some graphical methods in geometric regression model addressing cervical cancer data
Authors: Hussain Zawar , Akbar Atif , Almazah Mohammed M. A. , Al-Rezami A. Y. , Al-Duais Fuad S.
Published: January 2024

In the framework of generalized linear models (GLM), this paper explores the design and applicability of partial residual (PRES), augmented partial residual (APRES), and conditional expectation and residuals (CERES) plots for visualizing an outlier's diagnostics as a function of selected variables. Here, a geometric regression as a GLM is thoroughly described. Additionally, plots for PRES, APRES, and CERES have been built. Due to how the response variable and the associated link function interact with various covariates, the effectiveness of these plots for creating an appealing visual impression may vary. On the cervical cancer data, specific methodologies are used to identify trends for effective modelling. When compared to other approaches, the power of the tests for various plots demonstrates that PRES, CERES (L) and CERES (K) have the greatest endurance for the outlier's diagnostics. On the basis of the power of residual plots, the use is recommended for outlier diagnostics in presence of conventional tests.
Le cadre de l’expérience des données en éducation : gouvernance, représentations et intelligibilité des données dans l’éducation nationale
Authors: Lehmans Anne , Capelle Camille
Published: January 2024

Analyse de la compréhension par les acteurs de l’éducation nationale et leurs partenaires des enjeux d’organisation, de protection, de mobilisation et de médiation des données. Sur la base des premiers résultats d’une recherche sur la culture des données, les représexntations exprimées montrent les difficultés auxquelles se heurtent les acteurs face à leurs missions dans le cadre de la gouvernance des données. En cause, leur intelligibilité des données, dans la mesure où celles-ci renvoient à des objets complexes, à des normes qui sont encore en construction dans leur mise en œuvre, et à des valeurs qui révèlent les contradictions des choix politiques en matière de gestion des données pour l’éducation.
Une chaire UNESCO sur l’« Intervention Sociale Non-violente » : enjeux d’un dispositif de recherche-action et de formation
Authors: Tozzi Pascal
Published: January 2024

La chaire ISNoV est une initiative réunissant les savoirs et savoir-faire de professionnels, de chercheurs, de formateurs des champs social et socioculturel, ainsi que des acteurs de la non-violence et champs affinitaires, permettant de mettre au travail les situations et formes de violences qui traversent l’intervention sociale, ses terrains et ses organisations. L’objectif est de questionner les pratiques (relationnelles et communicationnelles notamment), les possibilités d’action et de réduction des processus violents. À travers les axes de recherche-action et de formation afférents, il s’agit de contribuer au renforcement d’une hybridation des savoirs académiques et expérientiels, ainsi que le pouvoir d’agir des intervenants face aux situations critiques pesant sur la relation d’accompagnement.
O desenvolvimento socioeconômico da microrregião de Paranaguá/PR/Brasil: reflexões sobre o período 2010-2019
Authors: Krajevski Luis Claudio
Published: January 2024

O Paraná possui indicadores socioeconômicos acima das médias nacionais. Contudo, esse desenvolvimento não é homogêneo, com desigualdades expressivas entre as regiões. Ao buscar examinar algumas destas desigualdades, este estudo objetivou identificar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da microrregião de Paranaguá (litoral paranaense), com destaque para alguns indicadores selecionados. Adotou-se a bibliográfica-documental como metodologia, partindo da abordagem dialética, a qual auxilia a compreender as contradições do desenvolvimento regional. As principais fontes de dados foram os sítios do Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Os resultados observados indicam que boa parte dos indicadores municipais da microrregião estão abaixo das médias paranaenses. Ademais, não apenas apontam as discrepâncias entre as demais regiões paranaenses, como também mostram as desigualdades socioeconômicas intrarregionais.
Simulation and Optimization of High-Rise Residential Clusters and Daylighting Environment: Focus on the Busan Coastal Region
Authors: Yang Huimin , Kim Chulsoo
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the daylighting performance of high-rise residential buildings in Busan's coastal area and explored sustainable development issues. The Ecotect simulation software was used to assess three types of building clusters. The results showed that building orientation and facade design should be considered to maximize daylighting efficiency. The study proposed several sustainable development strategies for different building modes, including optimizing facades, using optical glass, adopting passive solar energy design, and adjusting building cluster layouts. These strategies can improve building energy efficiency and achieve sustainable development goals. This study provides valuable reference for high-rise residential building design and construction in Busan's coastal area and offers inspiration for sustainable development research in similar regions.
Sloshing Wave Height in the Storage Tanks Constructed on Different Topography Conditions
Authors: Ren Jiaqi , Vafaei Mohammadreza , Alih Sophia C.
Published: January 2024

Liquid storage tanks are among vital structures widely used in various fields. Estimating the sloshing wave height in storage tanks during seismic events is very important to avoid seismic damage. Despite its importance, only a few studies have addressed the sloshing wave height in storage tanks considering the soil-structure and fluid-structure coupling effects. This paper used finite element numerical simulation method to study the seismic response of rectangular concrete liquid storage tanks. Three aspect ratios, three liquid heights, nine earthquake records with different frequency content, and three different topography conditions were considered. The obtained results indicated that the liquid storage tank models involved in this study were more sensitive to high-frequency earthquake events, and the step-like irregular topography could amplify the sloshing wave height of the storage tanks. Besides, Eurocode 8 underestimated the peak sloshing wave height of the storage tanks when subjected to earthquakes with high-frequency content.
A Rare Case of Nephrotic Syndrome in the Setting of Sjogren Syndrome-related Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis
Authors: Alexakou Zoi , Damianaki Katerina , Stambolliu Emelina , Kourniotis Dimitrios , Mpora Margarita , Petras Dimitrios
Published: January 2024

Cryoglobulinemia is a rare entity which frequently occurs in the setting of an underlying disease, with chronic hepatitis C virus infections and primary Sjogren syndrome being the most common underlying conditions. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) is an immune-mediated type of small-vessel vasculitis with a broad spectrum of specific organ involvement, including renal, pulmonary, peripheral nerve, and cutaneous involvement and variable manifestations that can be life threatening. Moreover, a strong relationship between cryoglobulinemia and CV, with the future development of lymphoma, is well established. We present the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian male referred for nephrotic syndrome and acute renal injury. A diagnosis of Sjogren syndrome-associated CV was made, and he was successfully treated with rituximab and plasma exchange sessions.
An Uncommon Complication of Emphysematous Cystitis and Pyelitis
Authors: Mathew Nishy , Pullockara Jojo K.
Published: January 2024

Psoas muscle abscesses associated with emphysematous urinary tract infections are rare. There are not many case reports about urinary tract infections such as emphysematous pyelitis and emphysematous cystitis complicating psoas muscle abscesses. Here, we report a case of an ipsilateral psoas muscle abscess following emphysematous cystitis and emphysematous pyelitis in an 81-year-old diabetic man. He was treated with prolonged antibiotic therapy and other supportive care.
Inadvertent Puncture of Dilated Right Ventricle During Transversus Thoracic Muscle Plane Block: Lessons Learnt
Authors: Varsha A.V. , Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas , Munaf Mamatha
Published: January 2024

The transversus thoracic muscle plane (TTP) block is gaining widespread recognition in cardiac surgery, particularly in facilitating fast-tracking. Here, we report a case of inadvertent puncture of the right ventricle (RV) during the administration of ultra sound-guided (USG) TTP block in a 3-year-old child posted for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure and mitral valve repair. We also discuss the care that should be taken to avoid such complications and such cases require extra caution during TTP block.
Thoracotomy Patients Under General Anesthesia: A Comparison on Intra-Operative Anesthetic and Analgesic Requirements, When Combined with Either Epidural Analgesia or Continuous Unilateral Paravertebral Analgesia
Authors: Babu Saravana , Kumar Muthu , Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas V. , Gregory Deepak Mathew , Aggarwal Neelam , Sukesan Subin
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective:

Regional analgesia is effective for post-thoracotomy pain. The primary objective of the study is to compare the intraoperative requirement of isoflurane and fentanyl between general anaesthesia (GA) with epidural analgesia and GA with paravertebral analgesia.

Methods and Material:

A prospective observational comparative study was conducted on 56 patients undergoing open thoracotomy procedures. The patients were divided into two groups of 28 by assigning the study participants alternatively to each group: Group GAE - received thoracic epidural catheterization with GA, and Group GAP - received ultrasound guided thoracic paravertebral catheterization on the operative side with GA. Intraoperative requirement of isoflurane, fentanyl, postoperative analgesia, stress response, need of rescue analgesics and adverse effects were observed and analysed.

Results:

25 patients in each group were included in the data analysis. The intraoperative requirement of isoflurane (32.28 ± 1.88 vs 48.31 ± 4.34 ml; p < 0.0001) and fentanyl (128.87 ± 25.12 vs 157 ± 30.92 μg; p = 0.0009) were significantly less in the GAE group than in the GAP group. VAS scores and need of rescue analgesics and blood glucose levels were not statistically significant during the postoperative period (p > 0.05). The incidence of adverse effects was comparable except for hypotension and urinary retention which were significantly higher in the GAE group.

Conclusion:

GA with epidural analgesia resulted in significant reduction in the intraoperative consumption of isoflurane and fentanyl in comparison to GA with paravertebral analgesia. However, both the techniques were equally effective in the postoperative period.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of diclofenac and ketoprofen administered using transdermal drug delivery route in management of post endodontic pain: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Karunakar P. , Reddy M. S. Ranga , Karteek Basa Srinivas , Reddy Chavva Lakshmi Charan , Swetha Chigurupati , Racha Kundana
Published: January 2024

Background:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used as a postoperative medication after endodontic treatment. The introduction of transdermal patches aided in reducing the discomfort caused by medication prescribed through the oral route.

Aim:

This study aims to compare the efficacy of transdermal patches of diclofenac and ketoprofen for postendodontic pain control.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in singlerooted teeth of either arch were endodontically treated by a single endodontist. Oral diclofenac for Group I and transdermal diclofenac patch for Group II and transdermal ketoprofen patch for Group III were administered as postendodontic analgesics. Visual Analog Scale chart was used to record pain intensity preoperatively and at intervals of 4, 8, and 24 h postoperatively. Paracetamol 500 mg tablets were provided as rescue medication.

Statistical Analysis:

Repeated Measure ANOVA.

Results:

There was a significant decrease in the postoperative pain intensity scores for both transdermal groups. The postoperative scores gradually decreased from day 1 to day 2. Six out of ten patients who had received diclofenac tablets complained of gastric discomfort.

Conclusion:

Both transdermal ketoprofen and diclofenac patches were effective than oral diclofenac tablet and can be used as an alternative and effective analgesic for postendodontic pain management, especially in patients with gastric discomfort.
Stabilizing bony plate in guided endodontic surgery using an innovative approach
Authors: Sheth Maulee D. , Arora Ankit V. , Kapoor Sonali V.
Published: January 2024

Endodontic microsurgery in tandem with advanced radiographic techniques has led to the emergence of guided surgeries. Preservation of the cortical bone to enhance the healing and stabilization of tissues surrounding the tooth of concern can now be facilitated by bone cement used in the field of orthopedics. This case report details a guided endodontic surgery technique in 17 years old where a traumatic infliction leads to a phoenix abscess. The technique elaborated emphasizes on the three-dimensional printing of a surgical template with the help of cone-beam computed tomography, followed using a medical-grade bone cement in the most minimal manner to reposition the buccal cortical bone. A 12-month-old follow-up revealed the patient to be asymptomatic with a flawless periapical region radiographically. This case testifies that the optimum use of available biomedical material in surgical endodontics can assure a predictable prognosis.
Comparative evaluation of the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate veneers using one light-cure and two dual-cure resin cement: An in vitro study
Authors: Mondal Parthasarathi , Mazumdar Dibyendu
Published: January 2024

Aim:

The present in vitro study aimed to comparatively evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of one light-cure and two dual-cure resin cement to bond lithium disilicate veneers.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty maxillary central incisors (n = 30) were procured and randomly divided into three groups of adhesive/resin cement systems, into groups of 10 each (n = 10); Group A: Adper Single Bond 2/RelyX Veneer Cement, Group B: Prime and Bond NT/Calibra, and Group C: Excite DSC/Variolink II. All the tooth samples were etched and respective bonding agent was applied. Similarly, all the laminate veneer specimens were etched, silanated, and treated with respective bonding agents before cementation with the respective resin cement. The SBS was measured in a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min.

Statistical Analysis:

Data obtained were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level.

Results:

The highest SBS was demonstrated by Group C (18.8 ± 0.92 Mpa), followed by Group B (18.4 ± 0.74) Mpa, and the least by Group A (17.4 ± 0.75 MPa). Significant differences were found between Group A, Group B, and Group C, respectively. However, Group B and Group C did not differ significantly from each other.

Conclusions:

Dual-cure resin cement have higher SBS than the light-cure variants.
A randomized clinical study evaluating the 30-month clinical performance of class II indirect restorations in endodontically treated teeth using ceramic, hybrid, and composite computer-aided design/computer-aided production blocks
Authors: Arslan Soley , Karagön Mehmet , Balkaya Hacer , Köse Burak
Published: January 2024

Context (Background):

In the literature, the information about which indirect material is the most appropriate for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is insufficient. Therefore, studies evaluating the clinical performance of root canal-treated teeth will shed light on this issue for clinicians.

Aim:

This clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical performances of class II indirect restorations using ceramic, hybrid, and composite blocks to endodontically treated teeth.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 indirect class II restorations were performed in 51 patients using Cerasmart (GC Dental Products Europe, Leuven, Belgium) composite, IPS e.max computer-aided design CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) ceramic, and Vita Enamic (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) hybrid blocks. All the restored teeth had root canal treatment. The restorations were evaluated using modified FDI criteria for 30 months.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis analysis and Friedman two-way analysis of variance.

Results:

A total of 53 restorations of the 60 restorations could be followed up at the end of 30 months. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups after 30 months in terms of all criteria evaluated (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Composite, ceramic, and hybrid blocks showed successful clinical performance in endodontically treated posterior teeth with large material loss.
Precision medicine in gestational trophoblastic disease
Authors: Soriano-Estrella Agnes L.
Published: January 2024

Precision medicine is a form of medicine that utilizes information about a person's own genes to prevent, diagnose, or treat disease. In trophoblastic disease, precision medicine is important for accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, prognostication, and management. Immunohistochemistry, particularly p57kip2, has become an important ancillary procedure for the accurate identification of complete hydatidiform mole (HM). Molecular genotyping, on the other hand, is now considered the gold standard for the accurate classification of HM. Both tests are important for prognostication and the determination of the appropriate follow-up plan. For gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, immunohistochemical markers can confirm the histologic diagnosis of its various types. Molecular genotyping differentiates gestational from nongestational tumors with overlapping histology and allows for precise identification of the index or causative pregnancy of a choriocarcinoma.
Adaptive extended-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy with simultaneously integrated boost for locally advanced cervical cancer with lymph node metastases
Authors: Hama Yukihiro , Tate Etsuko
Published: January 2024

Performing external beam radiotherapy alone without chemotherapy or brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer with multiple lymph node metastases is challenging. The purpose of this case report is to present the efficacy of high-dose adaptive extended-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in treating locally advanced cervical cancer with multiple lymph node metastases. A 67-year-old woman with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix was treated by external beam radiotherapy alone due to the refusal of chemotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy. In order to maximize the efficacy of treatment, extended-field radiotherapy that includes the paraaortic lymph nodes as well as an adaptive IMRT-SIB plan, was applied. The treatment was successful, resulting in complete tumor disappearance without severe adverse events. In conclusion, high-dose adaptive IMRT-SIB may be an alternative treatment option for locally advanced cervical cancer with multiple lymph node metastases.
Comparison of maternal and fetal outcomes between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients in a tertiary government hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pulido Janine Carsola , Tud Raissa Marie
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Although it is likely that outcomes in pregnancy differ between regions due to differences in health-care delivery, resources, and health protocols, the rampant increase in COVID-19 cases has proven its effects on the maternal and fetal outcomes. But to what extent does COVID-19 in pregnancy affect adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to non-COVID-19 pregnant patients?

OBJECTIVES:

This study aims to compare maternal outcomes (morbidity, mortality, intensive care unit [ICU] admissions, and cesarean section [CS] rate) and fetal outcomes (prematurity, APGAR score, neonatal ICU [NICU] admission, and mortality) between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases.

METHODOLOGY:

A retrospective cohort study was done through chart review of 240 patients, 120 for the COVID-19 group and 120 for the non-COVID-19 group. Demographic data, as well as maternal outcomes (i.e., morbidity, mortality, ICU admissions, and emergency CS), and adverse fetal outcomes (i.e., prematurity, low APGAR, NICU admission, and mortality) were gathered. These outcomes were also classified according to disease severity for the COVID-19 group. The effect of using investigational drugs to outcomes was also determined.

RESULTS:

This study shows that adverse maternal outcomes were significantly increased with COVID-19 infection. Mortality was increased by 10% while morbidities (acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemorrhage, and sepsis) were increased by 35%. ICU admission for COVID-19 patients was 10.8% higher, and the emergency CS rate was also increased by 10% in the COVID-19 group. Results also showed increased adverse fetal outcomes for the COVID-19 group, with a 10.8% increase in neonates being born prematurely, an 11.67% increase in low APGAR score, a 9.16% increase in mortality, and a 10% increase in NICU admission. The use of investigational drugs in cases of severe and critical COVID-19 did not have any significant benefits to the outcomes.

CONCLUSION:

COVID-19 infection significantly increases both maternal and fetal outcomes, and these adverse effects correspond to the severity of the disease. The use of investigational drugs in severe and critical COVID-19 cases has no significant benefit to maternal and fetal outcomes.
Toxicology screen – A clinical insight
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Jude Srishti
Published: January 2024

Toxicology screening is a process that involves analyzing a blood or urine sample to detect the presence of drugs or other toxic substances in the body. This screening method is commonly used in various settings, such as healthcare, forensic investigations, and workplace drug testing. By examining the sample, toxicologists can identify and quantify the specific substances present, providing valuable information for medical diagnosis, treatment planning, and legal purposes. It is important to note that toxicology screening should be conducted by trained professionals in accredited laboratories to ensure accurate and reliable results.
Temporomandibular joint disorders’ diagnosis
Authors: Bhardwaj Madhvi , Ahluwalia Rajiv , Chugh Tina
Published: January 2024

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a range of musculoskeletal conditions characterized by pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. The symptoms may include limited or asymmetrical jaw movement, joint noises, and various painful and nonpainful conditions such as headaches, tinnitus, depression, and sleep disturbances. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD offer a systematic approach to examine the masticatory structures, as well as assess psychosocial and comorbid factors in patients. Through physical examination, more accurate diagnoses can be made, including myalgia, arthralgia, disc displacement disorders, degenerative joint disease, subluxation, and headaches associated with TMD. Timely diagnosis and management, facilitated by care pathways, can significantly benefit TMD patients, leading to improved prognosis, enhanced quality of life, and reduced healthcare expenses.
Beyond blood sugar: Unraveling the complexities of liver and kidney health in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Singh Harbajan , Aggarwal Juhi , Pasha Eram Hussain , Midha Urvashi
Published: January 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a formidable global health challenge, particularly with the alarming rise of type 2 diabetes. Projections indicate that by 2030, around 440 million individuals will grapple with type 2 diabetes, attributing this surge to urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and obesity. The intricate relationship between diabetes, liver, and renal functions plays a crucial role in the disease’s progression and complications.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aims to explore the complex interplay between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), liver function, and renal health. Specific objectives include assessing abnormal liver function, evaluating kidney profile parameters, and examining the prevalence of anemia in T2DM patients. The study seeks to contribute insights that inform proactive management strategies for diabetes-related complications.

Material and Methods:

Conducted as a facility-based cross-sectional study from March to June 2022, 120 individuals with T2DM participated. The study focused on patients attending routine follow-ups at the Outpatient Department of general medicine in Santosh Hospital, SMCH, SDTU Ghaziabad. Rigorous assessments and statistical analyses were employed to examine gender distribution, liver and kidney profile parameters, and other relevant factors.

Results:

Among the notable findings, Table 1 reveals a significant gender distribution, with 51.8% males in the diabetes group. Liver profile parameters, including alkaline phosphates and albumin, exhibited statistically significant differences between diabetes and control groups. Kidney profile parameters also showed significant variations, emphasizing the intricate relationship between diabetes and renal complications. The study further explored differences between male and female patients in the control group, revealing significant variations in hemoglobin levels.

Conclusion:

This study sheds light on the prevalence of abnormal liver function in T2DM individuals, emphasizing the significance of early detection and tailored interventions. Kidney disorders and the often-overlooked complication of anemia further contribute to the complexity of health challenges faced by those with diabetes. The findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and comprehensive management strategies to enhance patient care in the face of this multifaceted health challenge.
Cystic lesion and subcutaneous emphysema in a child with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Krishna Hare
Published: January 2024

Subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum and cystic changes are the rare findings of COVID-19 pneumonia. Till date, no pediatric studies have documented these changes. We present a case of a 9-month-old child presented with severe COVID-19 pneumonia with subcutaneous emphysema and cystic changes in the bilateral lung field (right > left).
Pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate – Usual tumor at an uncommon site: A cytological diagnosis
Authors: Singh Swati , Chaudhary Pratibha , Tyagi Mayurika Subodhkumar , Gulati Priyanka
Published: January 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) (benign mixed tumor) is one of the salivary gland tumors affecting both major and minor salivary glands and accounts for 40%–70% of all tumors. This is a tumor of diverse histological and topographical presentation. PA is a benign tumor but poses a diagnostic dilemma because of its diverse histological and topographical presentation. A 36-year-old male patient reported to the outpatient department with a complaint of painless swelling in the upper left palatal region for the past 3 years. A preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology was done, and the patient was diagnosed with a pleomorphic adenoma, ruling out malignancy. PA, though a common entity, is still a challenging tumor for a pathologist. Its diverse morphological features make the tumor special and difficult to diagnose on cytology.
Treatment in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Biswas Debalina , Jamwal Aman Singh , Beniwal Amit , Brar Tabish , Saran Brijesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by affective and cognitive symptoms that impair overall functioning and cause psychological discomfort. Due to the use of medical services, these entail high societal costs.

Objective:

Our goal was to provide a thorough overview of this topic while evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacological therapies in OCD and clinical recommendations.

Methods:

We looked for papers on the use of drugs to treat OCD in the pubmed database, with an emphasis on clinical guidelines, the use of antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, off-label drugs, and pharmacogenomics.

Results:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) work best when taken for a lengthy period of time. A SSRI combination with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or the similarly orientated exposure and response prevention (ERP) can produce better outcomes. Treatment options for refractory OCD include switching to a different SSRI or clomipramine or supplementing with an atypical antipsychotic. Further research is necessary because there is conflicting information about the use of antidepressants intravenously or in addition to antipsychotics. Treatment customization and pharmacogenomics may lessen treatment resistance.

Conclusions:

When compared to each treatment separately or to other treatments, SSRI/clomipramine combined with CBT/ERP produces the best results. For refractory OCD, new approaches are required. In the upcoming years, pharmacogenomics may play a more significant role.
Risk factors and management of postpartum depression
Authors: Nandita  , Raj Nishchita , Bhatti Sachinpal , Kumar Saksham , Saran Brijesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

After giving birth, some women experience the common and complex mood disorder known as postpartum depression (PPD). PPD has multiple etiological factors, including hormonal fluctuations, genetic susceptibility, and psychosocial stressors.

Objective:

Detailed overview of PPD standard of care effectiveness in management with pharmacological interventions.

Method:

To gather pertinent publications about the most recent advancements in management, a Pubmed search for PPD articles was conducted.

Result:

PPD is characterized by a variety of emotional and psychological symptoms, such as irritability, persistent sadness, anxiety, and hopelessness. These symptoms can have a serious negative effect on a new mother’s quality of life and capacity to care for her child.

Conclusion:

Effective management and the avoidance of long-term detrimental effects for the mother and her child depend on early detection and intervention.
A surgery formula for knot Floer homology
Authors: Hedden Matthew , Levine Adam Simon
Published: January 2024

Let

K

be a rationally null-homologous knot in a

3

-manifold

Y

, equipped with a non-zero framing

\lambda

, and let

Y_\lambda(K)

denote the result of

\lambda

-framed surgery on

Y

. Ozsváth and Szabó gave a formula for the Heegaard Floer homology groups of

Y_\lambda(K)

in terms of the knot Floer complex of

(Y,K)

. We strengthen this formula by adding a second filtration that computes the knot Floer complex of the dual knot

K_\lambda

in

Y_\lambda

, i.e., the core circle of the surgery solid torus. In the course of proving our refinement we derive a combinatorial formula for the Alexander grading which may be of independent interest.
An isoperimetric result for an energy related to the $p$-capacity
Authors: Acampora Paolo , Cristoforoni Emanuele
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we generalize the notion of the relative

p

-capacity of

K

with respect to

\Omega

, by replacing the Dirichlet boundary condition with a Robin one. We show that, under volume constraints, our notion of

p

-capacity is minimal when

K

and

\Omega

are concentric balls. We use the

H

-function (see Bossel (1986) and Daners (2006)) and a derearrangement technique.
Mepolizumab improves sense of smell in severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: SYNAPSE
Authors: Mullol J , Lund V J , Wagenmann M , Han J K , Sousa A N , Smith S G , Mayer B , Chan R H , Fokkens W J
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Loss of smell is one of the most bothersome and difficult-to-treat symptoms in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). METHODOLOGY: SYNAPSE was a 52-week Phase III study of 4-weekly mepolizumab (100 mg subcutaneously) plus standard of care in adults with severe bilateral CRSwNP. This post hoc analysis assessed changes from baseline to study end in loss of smell visual analogue scale (VAS) symptom score, in patients stratified by several baseline clinical characteristics. SinoNasal Outcomes Test (SNOT)-22 sense of smell/taste item and University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) scores were also assessed. RESULTS: SYNAPSE enrolled 407 patients (mepolizumab=206; placebo=201) with impaired sense of smell at baseline. Improvements from baseline to study end in loss of smell VAS score were greater with mepolizumab versus placebo (treatment difference: −0.37) and most notable in patients with fewer or more recent prior surgeries (treatment difference: 1 vs 2 vs more than 2 prior surgeries,−1.29 vs −0.23 vs −0.07; =3 years since last surgery, −0.89 vs 0.22). Approximately 25% of patients had baseline UPSIT scoresavailable; among those scoring =19 by study end. The SNOT-22 sense of smell/taste item score improved with mepolizumab versus placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Mepolizumab treatment improved patients' perceived sense of smell, as measured by loss of smell VAS score and SNOT-22 sense of smell/taste item score in patients with severe refractory CRSwNP.