bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral Health, Social and Emotional Well-Being, and Economic Costs: Protocol for the Second Australian National Child Oral Health Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Jamieson Lisa , Luzzi Liana , Chrisopoulos Sergio , Roberts Rachel , Arrow Peter , Kularatna Sanjeewa , Mittinty Murthy , Haag Dandara , Ribeiro Santiago Pedro Henrique , Mejia Gloria
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Given the significant investment of governments and families into the provision of child dental care services in Australia, continued population oral health surveillance through national oral health surveys is imperative.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to conduct a second National Child Oral Health Survey (NCOHS-2) to (1) describe the prevalence, extent, and impact of oral diseases in contemporary Australian children; (2) evaluate changes in the prevalence and extent of oral diseases in the Australian child population and socioeconomic subgroups since the first National Child Oral Health Study (NCOHS-1) in 2012-2013; and (3) use economic modeling to evaluate the burden of child oral disease from the NCOHS-1 and NCOHS-2 and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of targeted programs for high-risk child groups.

METHODS

The NCOHS-2 will closely mimic the NCOHS-1 in being a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of Australian children aged 5-14 years. The survey will comprise oral epidemiological examinations and questionnaires to elucidate associations between dental disease in a range of outcomes, including social and emotional well-being. The information will be analyzed within the context of dental service organization and delivery at national and jurisdictional levels. Information from the NCOHS-1 and NCOHS-2 will be used to simulate oral disease and its economic burden using both health system and household costs of childhood oral health disease.

RESULTS

Participant recruitment for the NCOHS-2 will commence in February 2024. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication 6 months after NCOHS-2 data collection has been completed. Thematic workshops with key partners and stakeholders will also occur at this time.

CONCLUSIONS

Regular surveillance of child oral health at an Australian level facilitates timely policy and planning of each state and territory’s dental public health sector. This is imperative to enable the most equitable distribution of scarce public monies, especially for socially disadvantaged children who bear the greatest dental disease burden. The last NCOHS was conducted in 2012-2014, meaning that these data need to be updated to better inform effective dental health policy and planning. The NCOHS-2 will enable more up-to-date estimates of dental disease prevalence and severity among Australian children, with cost-effective analysis being useful to determine the economic burden of poor child dental health on social and emotional well-being and other health indicators.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/52233
Pendampingan Warga dalam Pengelolaan Limbah Rumah Potong Ayam Di Desa Mulyodadi, Bambang Lipuro, Bantul Sebagai Upaya Menjaga Kesehatan Lingkungan
Authors: Retnaningrum Endah
Published: August 2023

Pedukuhan Kraton, Desa Mulyodadi, Kecamatan Bambanglipuro, Kabupaten Bantul merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan jumlah rumah potong ayam (RPA) cukup banyak, satu RPA skala besar dan 3 lainnya skala kecil. Selama kegiatan industri RPA akan dikeluarkan limbah organik berupa limbah cair dan padat dengan kandungan senyawa organik yang sangat tinggi serta bakteri patogen. Selama ini baik limbah cair maupun padat limbah RPA di Pedukuhan Kraton, Desa Mulyodadi tersebut telah diolah, akan tetapi sistem pengolahannya masih sangat sederhana belum menggunakan prinsip zero waste, sehingga masih sangat potensial mencemari lingkungan sekitar. Melalui kegiatan Pengabdian Merdeka Belajar 3 mahasiswa Fakultas Biologi UGM melakukan pendampingan dan fasilitasi kepada anggota kelompok peternak dan petani di Pedukuhan Kraton untuk mengolah limbah tersebut dengan prinsip zero waste. Limbah organik industri RPA diolah dengan prinsip zero waste melalui pemberian nutrien mikrobia, starter mikrobia aktif berupa EM4 dan zeolit alam sebagai biofilter sekaligus katalis. Limbah industri pabrik gula (molase) dan limbah pertanian yang sangat melimpah juga dimanfaatkan sebagai nutrien mikrobia. Kegiatan ini sangat berguna dalam meningkatkan kemandirian dan kinerja kelompok peternak dan petani dalam mengelola limbah RPA di Desa Mulyodadi sehingga beban pencemar limbah hilang sekaligus diperoleh pupuk organik cair dan kompos. Kegiatan ini akan dapat meningkatkan perekonomian sekaligus menjaga kelestarian lingkungan.
Patient-Centered Home Hemodialysis
Authors: El Shamy Osama , Abra Graham , Chan Christopher
Published: August 2023

Writing a home hemodialysis (HD) prescription is a complex, multifactorial process that requires the incorporation of patient values, preferences, and lifestyle. Knowledge of the different options available for home HD modality (conventional, nocturnal, short daily, and alternate nightly) is also important when customizing a prescription. Finally, an understanding of the different home HD machines currently approved for use at home and their different attributes and limitations helps guide providers when formulating their prescriptions. In this review article, we set out to address these different aspects to help guide providers in providing a patient-centered home HD approach.
Developing Teachers’ Skill to Identify High Ability Students
Authors: David Hanna
Published: August 2023

The question: “how to educate teachers in order to help them be more understanding, more suitable, and more motivated when teaching gifted students” has been widely discussed. The question whether it is possible at all certainly needs more research. However, we shall hereby suggest some “signs”, hints, or even explicit utterances that might help teachers to notice students who need extra-supervision, enrichment activities or an accelerated track. These sayings, or doings, are usually either ignored by teachers or quite often wrongly interpreted. Had teacher known how to “read” these signs it would have helped them to know if a certain student needs extra-challenging, different, higher-level school curriculum, more creative homework or self-learning assignments. Here are the 5 main points a teacher should consider when having to decide whether their student is gifted or talented. 1. Boredom: looking bored or complaining about being bored 2. Finishing all tasks before everybody else 3. Correcting the teacher or/and other students/”Takes over” class conversation 4. Does not do homework or prepares for exams but gets high grades; 5. Shows emotional high level
Traditional Rule in the Face of Emerging Elitism in Bafut Noth West Cameroon, 1970-1982
Authors: Ngwa Divine Fuhnwi
Published: August 2023

In Bafut, leadership, power and authority resided in the hands of traditional rulers who administered the people according to native law, custom and traditions. The leader was called mfor befeu (translated as fon by colonialist). The fon in his political setting was surrounded by a cream of traditional advisers and institutions such as kwifor and takumbeng, made up of noble men from commoners’ origin and royal family properly rooted in the traditions and customs and needed no other form of training to rule the people. Colonial rule introduced western education with the intention of training young Africans to assist them in administration and governance. Independent African governments inherited the system and spirit. The consequence was the mindset of the educated African tamed against his own customs and traditions. A dichotomy was created in society leading to social class discrimination and power usurpation in local political systems. The educated people hijacked the power machinery from the traditional leaders whom they tagged with stigmatizing words as “illiterate”. This syndrome created what was generally called an “elite class” which regulated power with no recourse to the position of the traditionalists. This paper examines the conflict that ensued in Bafut from 1970 as a result of handing over power to the indigenous westernised and educated elite and imposing them in local affairs and administration. We contend that the involvement of fabricated post-independent elite in leadership positions created conflict given that power tussles between them and the traditional rulers caused societal virtues (as peace) to be trampled upon. We adopted a chronological approach here and from our sources we concluded that elitism in the context of western education acquired is the root of conflict in local politics. Elitism as a concept needs to be carefully tailored to enhance sustainable development and lasting peace in our local communities.
Circular Causation
Authors: Choudhury Masudul Alam
Published: August 2023

Circular causation epistemic outlook and model to address the interactively integrated and ever-learning sustainability perspectives in every issue and problem of socio-scientific extensiveness is a novel abstracto-empirical field in contrast to economic and econometric theory in all these aspects. The ensuing episteme and the substantive model of circular causation are introduced. The episteme of unity of knowledge is shown to be the centerpiece of all socio-scientific problems and outlook that methodologically unify by complementarities the otherwise differentiated areas of investigation in the exogenous approach to ethics in economic and econometric theory. Yet this is an introductory paper. The theme of circular causation being distinct from economic and econometric theory is of a vastly methodological nature.
Buddhism in Indian Himalayan Region
Authors: M K Aadil , Kumar Dr Satish
Published: August 2023

This study explains why and how Buddhism is significant to the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayan region. It starts with the origins in the past and continues with an investigation of certain border areas. The importance of fostering Buddhism is emphasized throughout. Buddhism in the Indian Himalayas: a study groups of Buddhists, Buddhist temples, and Buddhist communities’ underneath is a condensed and relevant account of the gatherings, which discuss the current condition of Buddhist culture and its shifting patterns.
Brief Glimpses of Raskhan and his Visions of Lord Krishna in Sujaan
Authors: Chauhan Vivek , Debnath Kabir
Published: August 2023

The present study is about Raskhan the hindi poet Saint who flourished in the 16th century and composed his verses in Braj Bhasha, the dialect of Western Uttar Pradesh.The first part of the the study confines itself to the brief but catchy and informative descriptions of Raskhan as they appear in traditional stories passed on from generation to generation and the subsequent paper will deal with select verses of Sujaan composed by Raskhan. The study will focus mainly on the author’s own translations and interpretations of such verses that deal with the visions that Raskhan had of his Beloved Lord Krishna
Design and Optimization of 4-way set Associative Mapped Cache Controller
Authors: Kadlimatti Pratik Kamalappa , B V Dr. Uma
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In the realm of modern computer systems, the 4-way set associative mapped cache controller emerges as a cornerstone, revolutionizing memory access efficiency. This exploration delves into its core principles, revealing its pivotal role in synchronizing rapid CPUs with slower main memory. By orchestrating seamless data exchange and employing intelligent replacement policies, this controller optimizes performance. Embarking on practical realization, a non-pipelined processor materializes using Xilinx Vivado and Verilog HDL, propelling frequent memory read/write requests for the 4-way set associative mapped cache. The quest for efficiency fuels refinements, culminating in an optimized cache controller design. Rigorously validated within the Xilinx Vivado environment, the architecture demonstrates tangible success with quantified outcomes. The design framework encompasses a 4K byte primary memory, complemented by a 1K byte 4-way set associative cache. This setting scrutinizes the optimized cache controller's efficacy. The dedicated test module, housing a suite of instructions, underscores its performance. Remarkably, the evaluation showcases 19 cache hits and 6 cache misses, revealing the potency of the optimized design in minimizing cache misses, particularly in call and jump instructions, an essential stride towards enhanced memory efficiency.
Association of BMI with Neurodynamics in Healthy Adults: Review
Authors: Z Chandani , C Dhwani
Published: August 2023

Neurodynamics is the science of relationships between mechanics and physiology of nervous system. It is the assessement and treatment of physical health of nervous system. Differentiating the body tissues involved in musculoskeletal pain disorders is a key component of the clinical evaluation. There is association between obesity and increased nerve size which suggests endoneurial oedema as a metabolic mechanism that causes intrafascicular swelling. To review the literature available on Association of BMI with neurodynamics. The reviewed literature was searched using different search engines and different keywords. The Source of the data has been electronic sources (Google Scholar, PubMed, and journals). All the articles were screened for title and inclusion-exclusion criteria. A total of 8 articles with a good level of evidence were included and tabulated revealing their important factors like a year, author, title, method and conclusion. The article published in the English language was included in the study. There is significant correlation of BMI with neurodynamic tests performed clinically for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purpose.
Transhumanismo en la era transestética
Authors: González Isla Franco Nicolás
Published: August 2023

En el presente escrito abordaremos el concepto de Transhumanismo y sus representaciones artísticas en la era Transestética. El mundo del arte en la actualidad está atravesado por lo transhumanista. Sloterdijk habla del fin del Humanismo nacional-burgués por el surgimiento de la cultura de masas. Desde entonces se ha levantado sobre los cimientos del Humanismo el Posthumanismo. Fernández Mateo distingue dos corrientes de este, el Posthumanismo filosófico y el Posthumanismo tecnológico —o Transhumanismo.
Para abordar las obras de arte transhumanistas propondremos un corpus teórico que siente las bases del Transhumanismo y del periodo histórico en el que nos encontramos, la Postmodernidad. Así, podremos abordar y analizar a profundidad cómo se presenta este hecho social en el arte perteneciente a la denominada por Lipovesky Era Transestética.
Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y turismo en las localidades costeras del sur de Santa Cruz
Authors: Águila Karina Viviana , Navarro Viviana Mariel
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar las contribuciones y aportes de los actores del sector turismo para el cumplimiento de los ODS en localidades costeras de Río Gallegos, Puerto Santa Cruz y Comandante Luis Piedrabuena, ubicadas al sur de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina.

Se realizó una búsqueda y análisis de información disponible y accesible sobre: actores del sector turismo en los destinos del área de estudio, objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, sus metas y posibles aportes desde el turismo, según la Organización Mundial del Turismo y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a directores de turismo de las localidades y otros actores además de complementar con una salida de campo al Parque Nacional Monte León en diciembre de 2022.

Como principal conclusión se destaca que aún falta concientización ambiental por parte de la sociedad, desconocimiento de los ODS, que es fundamental seguir reforzando las acciones y políticas en pos de la sustentabilidad de los recursos disponibles. Además se identifica la importancia de estas para los diferentes usos: recreación, turismo, investigación, etc.
Trayectorias y redes migratorias de chilenos residentes en la cuenca carbonífera de Río Turbio, provincia de Santa Cruz (1970-2022)
Authors: Ormeño Gabriela  , Ampuero Cristian , Ciselli Graciela
Published: August 2023

En Santa Cruz, desde 1940 se profundiza la llegada de migrantes chilenos, con oleadas posteriores vinculadas a dificultades económicas, sociales, naturales, a la dictadura en 1973 y a la oferta laboral de empresas como YCF e YPF. Para el caso de la Cuenca Carbonífera la llegada de población chilena se vincula con la instalación del complejo carbonífero y la constitución de la Villa Minera de Río Turbio. Este artículo, busca analizar los motivos de desplazamiento y las trayectorias espaciales y redes involucradas en el proceso migratorio. Para ello se recurrió a relatos de vida con la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a migrantes chilenos que residen actualmente en la Cuenca Carbonífera. Como resultados se destaca respecto a las trayectorias, que un gran número de inmigrantes del sur de Chile que residen en Santa Cruz, llegaron a la región de Magallanes y, de allí, ingresaron a la Patagonia Argentina hacia varias localidades, por la oferta laboral del momento y las redes que posibilitaron el movimiento. En función de la actividad económica de la cuenca carbonífera y su cercanía con Puerto Natales (Chile), resulta relevante analizar la particularidad que tiene la migración chilena en esta área, para comparar su dinámica con el resto de la provincia.
Variación del consumo energético en APIs WEB para IoT
Authors: Morell Rodrigo
Published: August 2023

En los últimos tiempos, ha habido un gran interés por las aplicaciones de IoT. A su vez, su desarrollo ha sido delineado por requerimientos específicos, como la eficiencia energética. Dado el contexto mundial de cambio climático, es importante que las nuevas tecnologías ayuden a reducir la huella de carbono. En este sentido, las interfaces de programación de aplicaciones WEB (APIs WEB) se presentan como una solución para la conectividad de los dispositivos IoT. Este estudio analiza como varía el consumo de energía de las baterías en las aplicaciones de IoT que utilizan servicios de APIs WEB, así como los factores que influyen en la reducción del consumo de energía.
Pescadores Artesanales en el Estuario del Río Gallegos
Authors: Paredes Florencia , Diez Paula , Vazquez Miriam
Published: August 2023

Según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) la pesca y acuicultura artesanal a pequeña escala contribuye significativamente con la seguridad alimentaria de gran parte de la población. En Santa Cruz la actividad está regulada por la Secretaría de Estado de Pesca y Acuicultura. La investigación se basa en el diagnóstico de la pesca artesanal en la costa sur del estuario de Río Gallegos tendiente a conocer el circuito económico derivado de la actividad y los posibles efectos que el aumento del nivel del mar, consecuencia del cambio climático, podría ocasionar sobre la actividad y población involucrada. La nómina de pescadores habilitados es de 31 personas, de los cuales sólo una es mujer. Se agrupan en pescadores que utilizan principalmente redes como arte de pesca y cuentan con habilitación comercial y aquellos que poseen embarcación y habilitación para venta ambulante. Los volúmenes de captura son muy variables, si solo se realiza dentro de aguas estuariales ronda los 70 kg por jornada laboral y los 700 kg si además pescan en aguas abiertas al norte del estuario. Los volúmenes de captura se comercializan en su totalidad en la ciudad ya sea mediante comercios propios, venta a pescaderías que no realizan sus propias capturas, restaurantes que los ofrecen como pesca del día y venta directa en la playa. Para abastecer la demanda local las pescaderías compran productos congelados fuera de la región. La pesca artesanal en el estuario de Río Gallegos constituye una fuente de alimento y empleo y es un importante mecanismo alternativo de seguridad alimentaria y autoempleo para múltiples familias.
Promoção da saúde no puerpério: avaliação da assistência na Atenção Primária
Authors: Baratieri Tatiane , Stasiu Rayra Gabriela , Oliveira Iria Barbara de , Ferreira Kassia Aparecida Mann , Natal Sonia
Published: August 2023

The objective was to evaluate healthcare actions developed by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals for women in the postpartum period. An evaluative study of the implementation analysis type with a quantitative and qualitative approach was carried out in a municipality in each state in the South region of Brazil. Thirty-one puerperal women and 28 primary care professionals participated. Data analysis was performed by evaluating the degree of implementation determined by the Analysis and Judgment Matrix, followed by categorical content analysis. The results showed that one case was considered incipient implantation and the other two partial ones. A lack of physical examination during consultations, of exclusive attention to the newborn, of guidance on warning signs and common problems, and late performance of the first postpartum consultation were observed. It is concluded that physical health care must be improved by professionals to guarantee better care.
Um instrumento de avaliação do interno de pediatria na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Toti Patricia Tarasiuk Fylyk , Prado Maria Rosa Machado , Miguel Edson Roberto Arpini , Alves Rosana , Almeida Marcio José de
Published: August 2023

Medical students have contact with different areas and scenarios during their internship and must have their performance evaluated in each of them. However, as many students do not feel properly evaluated, our objective was to develop an instrument to evaluate the performance of Medical students, during their internship in pediatrics, to be used during their practice in Primary Health Care. A methodological research was carried out with the elaboration of an instrument and the contribution of specialists with experience in teaching, using electronic invitations. At the end of the study, through the Delphi technique, seventeen of the twenty items contained in the original instrument were accepted by the 11 specialists who participated in the two rounds of analysis. Thus, the research reached its objective and, through this article, we disseminate the proposal of an “Instrument for the evaluation of Medical interns in the pediatric internship in Primary Health Care”.
Intención emprendedora y educación superior: Un enfoque bibliométrico
Authors: Blanco-Mesa Fabio , León-Castro Ernesto , Fernández-Samacá Dianny
Published: August 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue presentar un análisis bibliométrico de las investigaciones sobre intención emprendedora relacionado con la educación superior. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología que usó el conjunto de datos de la colección principal de la Web of Science y, mediante una ecuación de búsqueda en la que se utilizan operadores booleanos, se encontraron un total de 1933 documentos, con un rango temporal para ser analizados desde enero de 1998 hasta diciembre de 2022. Se presenta, además, un análisis de cocitaciones, coocurrencias, citaciones y coautorías de artículos, autores, revistas, países y palabras clave, usando como herramienta principal el software VOSviewer. Los resultados mostraron que el campo empieza a crecer desde 2015, que los enfoques más estudiados están relacionados con la autoeficacia, la transculturalidad, la educación en emprendimiento y género, y que las autorías y universidades más destacados están en España. Se identifican los tres ejes de investigación: actitudes personales (enfoque moldeamiento), capacidad de acción (enfoque empresarial) y entorno (enfoque universitario), así como los retos de la educación superior para la formación empresarial. Con ello, se puede tener una perspectiva holística de lo que ocurren en este campo de investigación que ayude a encontrar temas de interés dentro de este para futuras investigaciones.
Causes of the Emergence of Fascism: A Marxist Analysis of the Example of Germany
Authors: Mirabi Taher
Published: August 2023

Fascism is one of the most debated political ideologies of the 20th century. Research indicates that significant economic issues played a crucial role in the rise of fascism. However, there is no clear explanation as to why these economic problems led to fascism instead of socialism. Fascism emerged as a result of the conditions prevalent in the early 20th century, such as the devastation of World War I, global economic crises, political upheavals, social discontent, and the strengthening of national identity. It represents an ideology that reflects dissatisfaction and anger. This study aims to comprehensively examine the elements that contributed to the rise of fascism in Germany. Factors such as nationalism, authoritarianism, militarism, anti-Semitism, social discontent, and political weakness are believed to have had a significant impact on the ascent of fascism. In addition to providing a deeper analysis of the emergence of fascism, this work seeks to contribute to the debates by evaluating the conditions in pre-Hitler Germany and discussing Marx's notion that the economy is the fundamental factor determining the structure of society. The rise of fascism cannot be solely regarded as a phenomenon specific to that era. Therefore, studying the origins of fascism and examining the political, economic, and social situation before fascism's emergence allows for a more meaningful discussion about the reasons behind its rise.
Analysis of the Effect of Thought System on Economic Decisions with Behavioral Economics
Authors: Demirtaş Tuğba
Published: August 2023

Each individual forming the society is far from mathematical models; Considering that it exists under the influence of a number of sociological, psychological, cultural or anthropological factors; The decision-making process of the individuals who make up the dynamics of the economy and the balances they create are also becoming extremely important. On a plane where the economic cannot be separated from the society and the society's individual decision-making mechanism, the shortcuts of the individual thought system come to the fore. The concept of limited rationality has come to the fore after the more frequent crises, on a plane that the mainstream economics describes as "homoeconomicus" or "rational individual" under all circumstances and argues that there are individuals who make rational decisions. It has been revealed that individuals who make complete decisions, which the economy adapts only with models, are not actually like that. In this study, while examining the psychological decision-making methods highlighted by behavioral economics, their effects on economic decisions will be discussed.
The development of the Islamic social enterprise management index (ISEMI).
Authors: Zainon Saunah , Mokhtar Rashidah , Soo Kum Yoke , Yunos Rahimah Mohamed , Japelus Nur Eyliawati , Yatim Nurul Huda Md , Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine items with Islamic elements to develop an Islamic social enterprise management index (ISEMI). An Islamic social enterprise (ISE) works by managing operations within the principles of shari’ah to redistribute wealth and reduce poverty which is supported by a similar study by Indah and Hakim (2023). The design and method for this study involved three phases of analysis which are 1) general descriptive analysis, 2) validity and reliability analysis, and 3) data analysis phase of the study. In all, 40 items with Islamic traits were identified and analyzed. Three identifiable themes emerged, which were then labeled as: 1) God; 2) humanity, and 3) nature. Because of the limited sample size, the data offers results that are likely suggestive rather than conclusive. The study offers a practical single-figure-summary indicator to measure and evaluate ISEs and has the potential as a guideline for Muslim entrepreneurs to build favorable relationships with ISE management. The novelty of the ISEMI is in its unique construction of items embedded with Islamic factors. It could thus assist in the management of ISE to ensure they fulfill the principles of the shari’ah (Islamic law) and stakeholders’ expectations.
The success rate of induction of labour in twin pregnancies compared to singleton : A retrospective matched case-control single-centre study
Authors: Wong Chun Kit , Hung Man Wai Catherine , Ng Kwun Sin Vivian , Yung Wai Kuen , Leung Wing Cheong , Lau Wai-Lam
Published: August 2023

Abstract Objective The proposed study is to evaluate the rate of
Caesarean section and outcomes in twin pregnancies undergoing induction
of labour, in comparison to singleton pregnancies. Design A
retrospective case-matched cohort study Setting A single public hospital
in Hong Kong Population or sample A total of 320 patients, comprising
160 patients with singleton pregnancies and 160 patients with twin
pregnancies who underwent the induction of labour between 1 January 2012
and 31 December 2020. Methods The patients with twin pregnancies were
matched with singleton pregnancies on a one-to-one basis in terms of
parity , maternal age and the indication for the induction of labour.
Main Outcome Measures The recorded data included the mode of delivery.
The matched groups were subjected to statistical analysis, utilising the
McNemar test for categorical variables and paired t-tests for continuous
variables. Results The number of having lower segment caesarean section
was 42/160 (26.3%) in twin pregnancies and 27/160 (16.9%) in singleton
pregnancies underwent induction of labour. (OR 2.14, CI 95% 1.14 to
4.04, p = 0.024) Conclusions The failure rate of induction of labour in
twin pregnancy was higher than in singleton pregnancy. Nevertheless,
more than 73% of patients with twin pregnancies undergoing induction of
labour had successful vaginal deliveries. Funding Nil Keywords Twin
pregnancy, Induction of labour, success rate
Purification of Functional Soybean Oligosaccharides using Yeast PL08 by Fed-batch Fermentation
Authors: Wang Yuhang , Lu Weiwei , Zhang Yixin , Wang Liping
Published: August 2023

In order to provide a theoretical premise for the purification of soy
oligosaccharides from soybean whey, this paper examines the yeast PL08
fermentation process for purifying functional soybean oligosaccharides.
Using the logistic model and the Luedeking-Piret model, the kinetics of
PL08 cell growth, sucrose consumption, and ethanol production were
determined by nonlinear data fitting. The linearity of the models was as
high as 0.98, indicating the viability of this method. At 30h, the batch
fermentation procedure revealed that the purity of functional
oligosaccharides was 94.12%, while the ethanol concentration continued
to rise to 3.0%vol. Based on the results of kinetic studies, a 10L
exponential feeding culture was conducted, and the results indicated
that the alcohol concentration can be controlled below 0.10%vol, the
maximum biomass concentration was 50.01g/L, and the maximum purity of
functional soybean oligosaccharides was 95.59% in 21h.
Wing lengths of three Arctic butterfly species decrease as summers warm in Alaska
Authors: Daly K. , Sikes Derek , Mann Daniel , Breed Greg
Published: August 2023

Climate warming can cause arthropods to express plastic and/or evolved
changes in morphology. Previous studies have demonstrated that body
sizes of Arctic butterflies are influenced by the temperatures
experienced as larvae. To investigate whether this was occurring among
Alaskan butterflies, we analyzed temporal trends in the wing sizes of
three Holarctic species, Colias hecla, Boloria chariclea, and Boloria
freija, using museum specimens collected in Arctic tundra regions of
Alaska between 1971 and 1995. Wing length was compared to accumulated
growing degree days (GDD) during both the spring of the year collected
and the previous year’s summer during the normal period of larval
development. We used mixed-effects models to test if spring and summer
temperatures affected adult morphology. Results show that for every 1°C
increase in average seasonal temperature, wingspans decreased between
0.7 millimeters and 5 millimeters, with B. freija the most strongly
affected. Our results suggest that the morphological sensitivity of
Arctic butterflies to warming is the outcome of interactions between
life-history traits and regional climate, with all species sensitive to
warming the summer before the flight year as well as warming the spring
of the flight year. B. freija, which overwinters as late instar larvae
that do not feed before pupation the following spring, was particularly
strongly affected by summer warming.
System Identification for a Wheeled Off-Road Vehicle Based on Dynamics Mode Decomposition
Authors: Zhang Jiaming , Yigit Konuralp , Wang Orson , Norris William R.
Published: August 2023

With the advent of connected vehicle technology and widespread
long-distance communication, leveraging data from real-world operational
cases to identify and characterize vehicle dynamics and control is now
possible. However, there exists a limited number of studies in the field
of off-road vehicle identification as compared to on-road vehicle
identification. This study explores the applications of Dynamic Mode
Decomposition with Control (DMDc) for linear vehicle dynamics, linear
human-driver-controller identification, and possible use for off-road
vehicle identification problems. An implementation is tested using
real-world data collected from the University of Illinois Modified
R-Gator(UIMR), an autonomy-capable, drive-by-wire, 6x4, Ackerman Steer,
wheeled off-road vehicle platform. The UIMR, partially developed by the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign’s Autonomous and Unmanned
Vehicle Systems Lab, part of the Industrial and Systems Engineering
department, is presented for the first time.
Longer is better – the functional benefit of long tails in limbless lizards: evidence from locomotion through contrasting substrates in a pygopodid legless lizard
Authors: Scott Shawn , Goodman Brett
Published: August 2023

Limbless vertebrates display a variety of morphologies, which are often
linked to a species’ ecology and locomotion. Pygopodids, limbless
gekkotans endemic to the Australo-Papuan region, exemplify a spectrum of
ecomorphological variation in relative body-to-tail lengths. Delma
molleri inhabits grasslands and represents the short-bodied and
long-tailed ecomorph. We predicted that its locomotor performance would
be enhanced on grass substrates as opposed to structurally simpler
substrates. To test this hypothesis, we assessed locomotion of D.
molleri through three ecologically relevant substrates. Locomotor
performance was significantly faster on the grass substrate over
multiple distances. These data provide evidence of a functional
performance benefit for limbless lizards with short bodies and long
tails in grassy habitats, supports theories that such a morphology may
have evolved to suit the occupation of these environments, and provide
the first evidence of the functional benefit of long tails for
locomotion through grass in a member of the Pygopodidae.
Improving the properties of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) gel with tannic acid as a green crosslinker
Authors: Haghparast-Kenarsari tahereh , Abdouss majid , keshel saeed Heidari , Heshmatipour Zoheir , Rahimi azam , Biazar Esmaeil
Published: August 2023

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is the rich source of growth factors,
has been used as an efficient scaffold in tissue regeneration. In this
study, tannic acid as a green crosslinker with different concentrations
(0.5%,1%,5%, and 10%) was used to improve the properties of PRF. The
crosslinked gel scaffolds were evaluated by analyses such as SEM, FTIR,
swelling and degradation, mechanical strength, cell toxicity, cell
adhesion, and antibacterial test. The results showed that the scaffold
structure changes by increasing crosslinker concentration. The swelling
rate decreased from 49% to 5% for samples without the crosslinker and
with tannic acid (10%), respectively. A decrease in the degradation
rate was shown by increasing the crosslinker concentration. The
mechanical strength of the scaffold with the crosslinker increased up to
three times. Cytotoxicity was not observed up to 10% crosslinker
concentration. The cells proliferated well on the cross-linked scaffolds
and also showed a good antibacterial effect. In general, tannic acid can
improve the physical and mechanical properties of PRF without negatively
affecting its biological properties.
Research on Vehicle Stability Optimal Control with OEKF Estimation of Sideslip Angle
Authors: Wang Quanwei , Fan Xiaobin , He Shuwen , Huang Zipeng , Chen Mingxin
Published: August 2023

In order to improve the control accuracy of vehicle electronic stability
program, an Optimal Extended Kalman Filter (OEKF) algorithm is designed
based on Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and optimal control theory. The
7-DOF vehicle model, the linear two-degree-of-freedom vehicle model and
the LQG control model of the body electronic stability program (ESP) are
built by MATLAB/Simulink. Taking the vehicle sideslip angle and yaw rate
as control variables, the OEKF sideslip angle observer is established
and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. By comparing with the
traditional EKF sideslip angle observer, it is concluded that the OEKF
sideslip angle observer can not only estimate the sideslip angle
accurately and in real time, but also effectively reduce the lateral
acceleration of the vehicle during sideslip and improve the handling
stability of the vehicle in driving state. Finally, the effectiveness of
the algorithm is further verified by real vehicle road test. In this
paper, the algorithm is innovated, and the EKF algorithm and the optimal
control theory are combined to study the vehicle sideslip angle
estimation and stability control.
Dynamical behaviors, chaotic pattern, phase portraits and multiple optical solitons for coupled stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota system in magneto-optic waveguides with multiplicative white noise via Itô calculus
Authors: Tang Lu
Published: August 2023

This work mainly concerned on the optical soliton solutions and chaotic
pattern for the coupled stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation with
multiplicative white noise in magneto-optic waveguides. Firstly, by
means of traveling wave transformations and homogeneous balance
principle, the the coupled stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation in
magneto-optic waveguides is transformed into ordinary differential
equation. By selecting some suitable parameters, phase diagrams are
plotted with the help of the mathematical software Maple. Secondly, the
optical soliton solutions of the coupled stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota
equation corresponding to phase orbits can be easily deduced through the
method of dynamical systems. Finally, the two-dimensional and
three-dimensional graphs of the stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation
are drawn, which further explain the propagation of the coupled
stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation in nonlinear optics.
Comparative Study of Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immune Response against Newcastle Disease Virus and Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) in Different Bird Species of Mashhad Birds Garden
Authors: BehrouziNasab Omid , rouygari mohammadreza , tabari teimour
Published: August 2023

Viral diseases are the primary cause of disease and economic loss in all
bird species. Among viral diseases, Newcastle disease (ND) and Avian
Influenza (AI) have a very special place due to their high morbidity and
high mortality. They inflict lots of deaths and economic losses upon
poultry and nonpoultry avian species, making them a hot subject in
various research. Thus, prevention measures and strategies to control
the mentioned diseases are wide. Vaccination is one of the common
methods. In this study we designed a vaccination protocol based on
previous and popular methods to evaluate the effect of ND and AI
vaccines on humoral immune response of 14 bird species. We tested 115
birds (sampled twice) with no previous encounter to disease or vaccine.
Birds were vaccinated with NDV B1 strain and a bivalent inactivated
ND+AI, and repeated 5 weeks later. HI was used for humoral response
evaluation and implemented 5 weeks post each vaccination. Our results
showed a double vaccination of ND is can boost immune system
significantly, but a single AI vaccination will provide enough
protection, since the second vaccination did not change the titers
significantly, even lowered titer in one case. There were some
discrepancies in results which further studies should be accomplished to
elaborate the details.
LIDAR-assisted feedforward individual pitch control of a 15 MW floating offshore wind turbine
Authors: Russell Andrew J. , Collu Maurizio , McDonald Alasdair , Thies Philipp , Keane Aidan , Quayle Alexander R.
Published: August 2023

Nacelle-mounted, forward-facing LIDAR technology is able to deliver
benefits to rotor speed regulation and loading reductions of floating
offshore wind turbines when assisting with blade pitch control in
above-rated wind speed conditions. Large-scale wind turbines may be
subject to significant variations in structural loads due to differences
in the wind profile across the rotor-swept area. These loading
fluctuations can be mitigated through the use of individual blade pitch
control (IPC). This paper presents a novel LIDAR-assisted feedforward
IPC approach that uses each blade’s rotor azimuth position to allocate
an appropriate individual pitch command from a multi-beam LIDAR. In this
computational study, the source code of OpenFAST wind turbine modelling
software was modified to enable LIDAR simulation and LIDAR-assisted
control. The LIDAR simulation modifications made are present in the
latest OpenFAST release, v3.5. Simulations were performed on a single 15
MW floating offshore wind turbine across the above-rated wind spectrum
and using multiple randomly generated wind profiles. Under a turbulent
wind field with an average wind speed of 17 ms , the
LIDAR-assisted feedforward IPC delivered root mean squared error and
standard deviation reductions to key turbine and substructure parameters
by up to 35%. Feedforward IPC delivered enhancements of up to 10% over
feedforward collective pitch control, which instead provided the same
feedforward command to all blades, compared to the baseline feedback
controller. The reductions to the standard deviation and range of the
rotor speed may enable structural optimisation of the tower, while the
reductions in the variations in the loadings present an opportunity for
reduced fatigue damage on turbine components and, consequently, a
reduction in maintenance expenditure.
Extracellular vesicle-mediated ferroptosis plays a role in the disease
Authors: Luo Jingyan , Luo Chengyu , Huang Yuanshuai , Zhang Hongwei , Wang Jing
Published: August 2023

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of iron-dependent cell death
caused by excessive lipid peroxidation. It is widely involved in a
variety of pathological processes in the body and has been considered to
be related to the development and treatment of various diseases. The
study of extracellular vesicles has also advanced significantly over the
past ten years, transitioning from a field of fundamental biological
study to one with significant clinical implications. It is also
presently actively investigating its potential use as a brand-new drug
delivery system, combination therapy, etc. Research on ferroptosis
mediated by extracellular vesicles has made progress in disease
treatment. Given this, this review will focus on the association of
extracellular vesicles with ferroptosis and the role that it mediates in
the disease. Firstly, a description of ferroptosis’ primary mechanisms
is provided. Secondly, the pathways associated with ferroptosis and
extracellular vesicles are elaborated, with attention to the relevance
of the corresponding mechanisms to disease and potential applications
for therapeutic use. Finally, future expectations and challenges of
targeting the extracellular vesicle-mediated ferroptosis pathway in
disease treatment are discussed.
An elastic framework construction method based on task migration in edge computing
Authors: Pu Yonglin , Li Ziyang , Yu Jiong , Lu Liang , Guo Binglei
Published: August 2023

Edge computing (EC) is an efficient technology that enables end users to
achieve the goal of high bandwidth and low latency by offloading
computationally intensive tasks from mobile devices to edge servers.
However, a major challenge arises when the processing load fluctuates
continuously, leading to a performance bottleneck due to the inability
to rescale edge node (EN) resources. To address this problem, the
approach of task migration is introduced, and the resource constrained
model, optimal communication overhead model, and optimal task migration
model are built to form a theoretical foundation from which to propose a
task migration based resilient framework construction method in EC. With
the aid of the domino effect and the combined effect of task migration,
a dynamic node-growing algorithm (DNGA) and a dynamic node-shrinking
algorithm (DNSA), both based on the task migration strategy, are
proposed. Specifically, the DNGA smoothly expands the EN scale when the
processing load increases, while the DNSA shrinks the EN scale when the
processing load decreases. The experimental results show that for
standard benchmarks deployed on an elastic framework, the proposed
method realizes a smooth scaling mechanism in the EC, which reduces the
latency and improves the reliability of data processing.
The Power of One: A Memorial to Dr. Larzette Golden Hale (1920–2015)
Authors: Flint LaToya L. , Holley Brandi L.
Published: August 2023

This paper memorializes a remarkable figure in accounting history and showcases the power of one individual to impact society. Although Dr. Larzette Golden Hale was the first Black female certified public accountant (CPA) to also earn a Ph.D. in accounting, her influence stretched far beyond these lofty accomplishments. Hale recognized the power and responsibility that educated individuals have to positively impact humankind. She overcame a childhood in an orphanage to impact the lives of countless individuals spanning multiple geographies and across decades. Her impressive life’s work as an accounting educator is even more momentous considering the systemic obstacles to achievement faced by both Blacks and women of the time. Hale’s life was the epitome of one well-lived in service to others and society as a whole, with an impact that is still evident today.

JEL Classifications: I23; M41.
Evaluating the Use of International Standards for Assurance Engagements by Nonaccounting Practitioners
Authors: Ge Qingling Irene , Simnett Roger , Zhou Shan
Published: August 2023

When last revising the International Standard for Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000, the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) determined that it is in the “public interest” for all competent practitioners (including nonaccounting practitioners) to use the ISAEs. The IAASB imposed conditions on such use, that an engagement’s underpinning ethics and quality control frameworks should be disclosed in the assurance report. Although this explicit determination may encourage wider use of ISAEs by nonaccounting practitioners, the conditions imposed may also act as a deterrent. Using a pre-post design on 2,282 international assurance engagements undertaken by nonaccounting practitioners, we identify increased use of ISAEs and greater disclosure of underpinning ethics and quality control frameworks, although some breaches remain. We further find that switches to ISAEs by nonaccounting practitioners have resulted in enhanced transparency of assurance procedures and independence in the assurance report and an increased share of the assurance services market.