bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of toxicity of formalin use as food preservative evidenced by cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in mice: An in vivo study
Authors:   Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata-700 013, West Bengal, India, Paul Tanushree , Roy Sumitava , Mukherjee Raktim , Pramanik Saikat , Karmakar Susanta Roy
Published: October 2021

The present study was conducted to find out the deleterious effects of formalin by studying cytogenetical parameters, namely chromosome aberration (CA), mitotic indices (MI) and sperm head anomaly (SHA) in mice. Healthy mice weighing between 20-25 gms were fed with formalin at a dose 0.042mg/kg body weight to find out whether there is any toxicity induced by this chemical. Experiments were carried out at three different fixation intervals, namely 7 Days (7D), 14 Days (14D) and 21 Days (21D), maintaining suitable controls. The investigation reveals that feeding of formalin induced geno-toxicity and cyto-toxicity. This produced greater amount of CA and MI along with general increase in the SHA. Thus the increased level of geno-toxicity and cyto-toxicity could be attributed to chronic feeding of the chemical. Although our present investigation is an initial attempt to test the toxic effects of formalin, hopefully it will open up new avenues to solve critical issues yet to be discovered.
Mối quan hệ giữa độ sâu tài chính và tăng trưởng kinh tế tại Việt Nam
Authors: Đạo Lê Trung , Hằng Lê Thị Thúy
Published: October 2021

Bài viết này nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa độ sâu tài chính và tăng trưởng kinh tế tại Việt Nam, bằng cách sử dụng dữ liệu chuỗi thời gian trong giai đoạn từ quý 1 năm 2000 đến quý 1 năm 2020. Sử dụng mô hình VAR để xem xét mối quan hệ nhân quả của các biến tăng trưởng kinh tế, tăng trưởng cung tiền mở rộng, yêu cầu vốn khu vực tư nhân và tín dụng nội địa do ngân hàng cung cấp và chỉ số giá thị trường tài chính. Kết quả của nghiên cứu này chỉ ra mối quan hệ giữa độ sâu tài chính và tăng trưởng kinh tế trong ngắn hạn và mức độ tác động giữa các biến kéo dài sau đó. Các khuyến nghị chính sách bao gồm thúc đẩy phát triển ngành tài chính lớn hơn và chú trọng đến hiệu quả của các chính sách tài chính.
Work in the time of Covid-19 pandemic: challenges for didactic activity in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   University of Political and Economic Studies ", Tugui Eduard ,   C. Stere",   , Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

The study represents an analysis of the pandemic impact on working conditions of teachers employed in general primary and secondary education institutions in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis is based on an opinion poll carried out among the didactic staff and relates the working conditions during the pandemic to the provisions stipulated in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as those in the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova. The poll results denote the fact that the working conditions of the didactic staff have changed for the worse during the pandemic, having aggravated some chronic problems of Moldovan education, whereas exercising labour rights in conformity with international and constitutional engagements implies rationalization of work and providing necessary remuneration for a decent life.
Migration and human rights
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Russia, Rusu Svetlana
Published: October 2021

The article describes the correlation between migration and human rights in the Republic of Moldova. Today migration is considered a great problem for Moldova. The country is facing poverty, lack of jobs, Moldovans are forced to go abroad, hoping to find not only a more profitable job, but also a safe living environment. The Republic of Moldova is facing a crisis of wage labour, which results from a combination of factors such as mass emigration for work, very low wages, undeclared payment, poor negotiation power of employees within enterprises, the feeling of injustice among employees. Violation of employees rights causes many workers to go abroad in search of a better place to work and live.
Image of the local brands Iuvas, Maicom and Vasconi reflected through the Net Promoter Score
Authors:   Aademy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova, Malancea Iurie
Published: October 2021

This article presents the evolution of the light industry of the Republic of Moldova in the last 15 years, namely the clothing sector, by analyzing the image of the local clothing brands Iuvas, Maicom and Vasconi, reflected by the Net Promoter Score (NPS) indicator. Aiming to create an organizational culture, focused on gaining consumer loyalty and inspiring employees to increase company profitability, the NPS indicator is an effective way of measuring how a company treats the people it interacts with. None of the three brands scored positively in the survey, which shows a considerable increase in marketing efforts. With a negative NPS, a company must invest more resources in marketing activities to acquire new customers, which reduces its competitiveness in the market.
International experience on risk management and the possibility of its use in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Academy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova, Bancila Natalia , Botnari Nadejda ,   Academy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova, Leorda Vasile ,   Academy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

Research of the aspects related to risk management presumes multiple complex tools, policies and measures which are a result of management decisions, the quality of which impacts the effectiveness of risk management and subsequently the activity of economic operators, fact that reflects the topicality and the importance of the investigated subject. Thus, it is opportune to research and analyse the most effective risk management methods and techniques applied both on the national, and international level, that would contribute to the decrease, avoidance or risk limitation and would strengthen the economic-financial performance of business. The aim of the research implies achieving such objectives like: identify strengths of risk management methods and practices on the international level; describe the main peculiarities that distinguish the national and international practice in terms of risk management, argue on the need of transposing best practices in terms of effective risk management applied by economic operators on the national level.
Development and financing trends of higher education in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Academy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova, Botnari Nadejda
Published: October 2021

Insufficient financial resources, necessary to carry out the educational process with maximum efficiency, are among the numerous problems faced by higher education at the present stage. In this context, especially in the last decade, universities are concerned with identifying alternative sources of funding to those in budgetary funds, which have a temporary character and endanger the predictability and sustainability of training in the institution. The main aspects to be considered in the present article are: a) argumentation of the defining role of higher education institutions in the development of human intellectual potential and the creation of an intelligent society; b) analysis of the higher education evolution and identification of trends c) reflection of the financing mechanism of higher education in the Republic of Moldova. As a result of the study, some considerations are proposed regarding the improvement of the system of indicators for evaluating the performance of higher education institutions included in the new methodology of their financing.
Monocytosis in rational empirical antibacterial therapy in moderate forms of COVID-19
Authors:   Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, Russian Defense Ministry, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Kovalev A.V. , Shperling M.I. , Polyakov A.S. , Nоskov Ya.А. , Morozov А.D. , Merzlyakov V.S. , Vlasov А.А. ,   33rd Central Research and Development Institute, Saratov Region, Volsk, Russia
Published: October 2021

Microbiologically confirmed bacterial co-infection occurs in 1.2%–7% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The study of rational approaches to empirical antibacterial therapy (ABT) of SARS-CoV-2 virus-induced pneumonia continues. Glucocorticoid (GCS) therapy, the main method for pathogenetic treatment of moderate forms of CОVID-19, can lead to the development of neutrophilic leukocytosis. The criterion for the differential diagnosis of leukocytosis could be determining the quantity of peripheral blood monocytes. Assessing the significance of identifying the monocyte quantity can serve as an additional criterion for assigning empirical ABT in the treatment of pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis in patients with moderate COVID-19. The study included 86 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (ICD codes: U07.1, U07.2) of moderate severity. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The comparison group consisted of 40 patients who were prescribed ABT after the manifestation of leukocytosis on the background of glucocorticoid therapy. The control group included 46 people who were not prescribed ABT after the manifestation of leukocytosis on the background of glucocorticoid therapy and until the end of their stay in the hospital. We compared the parameters of the clinical blood tests (the absolute number of white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes (×109/L)) on days 3, 6 and 9 from the start of GCS therapy. As a result, on the 3rd day, both groups had neutrophilic leukocytosis (>9.0×109/L) and absolute monocytosis (>0.8×109/L). There was a statistically signif icant decrease in the absolute number of white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes by days 6 and 9, compared with day 3 from the start of glucocorticoid therapy. When comparing blood parameters between the groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of cells on the 3rd, 6th and 9th day of GCS therapy (p>0.05). Glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis is associated with absolute monocytosis. The administration of ABT in response to the occurrence of leukocytosis in this study did not affect the change in the level of white blood cells. At the same time, a likely factor in reducing these indicators was a decrease in the daily dosage of corticosteroids.
Practical use of parenteral calcimimetics for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. A case report
Authors:   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko, Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia, Khoroshilov S.E. , Besedin S.V. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko, Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia, Nikulin A.V. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko, Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2021

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) leads to bone disorders and cardiovascular complications in long-term dialysis patients. SHPT is caused by hyperphosphatemia. Abnormalities of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) are associated with the pathogenesis of SHPT. Clinical trials have shown that calcimimetics significantly reduce the risks of parathyroidectomy, bone fracture and cardiovascular hospitalization among long-term dialysis patients with SHPT. Etelcalcetide, a novel calcimimetic compound, acts as a direct CaSR agonist, restores the sensitivity of the CaSR in parathyroid cells, and decreases serum parathyroid hormone without inducing hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatemia. Etelcalcetide's properties allow it to be administered intravenously thrice weekly at the end of a hemodialysis treatment session improving medication adherence.
Let's do an unconference
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This year’s SpotOn London conference takes place November 14-15 and the registration has opened this Monday. I am helping organize this conference since 2009, and I again look forward to the sessions, and - more importantly - the discussions with people in and between sessions this year.
What is a DOI?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This Sunday Ian Mulvany and I will do a presentation on Open Scholarship Tools at

Wikimania 2014

in London. From the abstract: One of the four broad topics we have picked are

digital object identifiers (DOI)s

. We want to introduce them to people new to them, and we want to show some tricks and cool things to people who already now them.
What Flavor is Scholarly Markdown?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

One important outcome of the recent Markdown for Science workshop was an overall agreement that all the different implementations (or flavors) of markdown that currently exist are a big problem for the adoption of Scholarly Markdown and that we need: As described by Karthik Ram (31 flavors is great for ice cream but not markdown), me and others, there is really a large number of markdown implementations to choose from, includingJohn Gruber’s
Un acercamiento multidisciplinar a las dimensiones del desarrollo humano
Authors: Morales Carrero Jesús Alfredo
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo plantea un acercamiento a las dimensiones del desarrollo humano desde una mirada multidisciplinar, que precisa la necesidad de atenderle global, holística y sistémicamente para que alcance la realización individual y social. La disertación obedece a una revisión documental en la que se precisan las aportaciones de teóricas, conceptuales y epistemológicas, que sustentan el desarrollo humano como propósito de los programas educativos y políticos. Desde este enfoque, se concluye que el ser humano, como sistema supra-complejo, requiere la integración de esfuerzos estratégicos y de políticas inclusivas, que impulsen el desarrollo multifacético y multidimensional que potencien su crecimiento, bienestar integral y calidad de vida.
O bairro ecológico como proposta de redesenho de acampamento para o MSLT, Bauru- SP
Authors: MAGALHÃES KELLY CRISTINA
Published: October 2021

A ausência de políticas públicas inclusivas de acesso à moradia tem sido constate tema de debate em todo Brasil. Efeito deste afastamento do Estado, o fortalecimento de movimentos sociais de luta por moradia transforma o cenário de pequenas cidades no interior do país, como o caso de Bauru-SP. Temos como exemplo o Movimento Social de Luta dos Trabalhadores (MSLT), que defende o direito à moradia para famílias de baixa renda e busca promover o direito ao acesso à terra para a população mais vulnerável no município em questão. Apresentamos, neste trabalho, o Estudo de caso discutido no âmbito das disciplinas Laboratório de Projeto de Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Paisagismo, em um laboratório transdisciplinar, que uniu as turmas de quarto e segundo ano, tendo como objetivo desenvolver uma proposta projetual para a comunidade do acampamento Nova Canãa. O exercício didático apresenta a proposta do Bairro Ecológico através de um programa mínimo composto de Unidade habitacional utilizando técnica de bioconstrução; a Rua como corredor ecológico, integrando a habitação à Área de Preservação Ambiental Vargem Limpo-Campo Novo (Cerrado Brasileiro), e uma escola rural. Ao final da atividade o resultado dos projetos foi apresentado à comunidade.
Minicurso de cultura de células animais e humanas para alunos de graduação: relato de experiência
Authors: Lourenço Luiz Otávio , Santos Ana De Souza , Gouvêa Cibele Marli Cação Paiva
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas: produção de um guia de estudos para discussão teórica e realização de prática com células animais e humanas em cultura, para alunos de graduação. O impacto da experiência pedagógica nas concepções dos participantes a respeito da cultura celular in vitro foi investigado. Para tanto, os participantes responderam questionário antes do início e ao final do minicurso. Para a verificação da eficiência do minicurso como estratégia de ensino foram realizados três testes: ganho de conhecimento, discriminação e desempenho. A comparação do desempenho dos participantes antes e após o minicurso mostrou que a porcentagem de acertos às respostas do questionário aumentou após o minicurso. Ainda, houve ganho de conhecimento com a atividade realizada e este foi homogêneo. Assim, o minicurso parece ser uma boa estratégia para compor as atividades extracurriculares, contribuindo para a disseminação do conhecimento de temas que não constam na dinâmica curricular.
Relato de experiência: Teoria e prática na formação de parcerias para o projeto COSTURAVIVA
Authors: Perin de Oliveira Cristiane
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho visa relatar as atividades desenvolvidas junto ao projeto de extensão intitulado "CosturaViva" na construção de um plano estratégico para prospecção de parcerias. Apresenta o percurso metodológico englobando aprofundamento teórico, pesquisa documental, estudo de campo, aplicação de ferramentas do campo do design e adaptação do Balanced Scorecard - BSC para o projeto. A partir da aplicação da metodologia proposta, foram produzidos o mapa de agentes do projeto, as diretrizes para formação de parcerias e o plano estratégico com as parcerias prospectadas. O processo mostrou-se efetivo no seu objetivo de prospectar parcerias diversas. As possibilidades vislumbradas, se concretizadas, tendem a contribuir significativamente para a manutenção financeira do projeto e para a expansão do número de participantes, potencializando a ressocialização das reeducandas do Presídio Regional de XXXXXX/XX.
Projeto de Extensão em Pauta TV UFPel: um agente facilitador para os processos comunicacionais entre a universidade e a sociedade
Authors: Negrini Michele , Ribeiro Marislei Silveira , Da Silva William Machado , Machado Talyssa
Published: October 2021

Os telejornais universitários são espaços fundamentais quando o assunto é ensino de telejornalismo. Nesta seara, os telejornais universitários são ambientes privilegiados para realização de atividades práticas e para a vivência de rotinas de uma redação televisiva. Na Universidade Federal de Pelotas, o projeto de extensão Em Pauta TV UFPel, do curso de Jornalismo da instituição, foi criado com o intuito de levar informações da universidade à comunidade, de ser um facilitador nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem entre os estudantes da instituição e, principalmente, para fomentar a prática do telejornalismo. Desse modo, a partir da importância do “Em Pauta TV UFPel” para o curso de Jornalismo da instituição, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um relato e uma reﬂexão sobre como o projeto de extensão contribui para dar suporte ao ensino de telejornalismo. Nesse sentido, a investigação baseia- se na pesquisa exploratória em conjunto com o método observacional (GIL, 2008). Por ﬁm, este estudo, além de servir como um elemento catalisador nos processos comunicacionais entre a Universidade Federal de Pelotas e a comunidade na qual está inserida, valoriza a prática jornalística, o diálogo, o caráter interdisciplinar e o perﬁl formativo dos estudantes.
Atividades extensionistas da UFPR em Dias de Campo no Oeste do Paraná
Authors: Paiola Albrecht Leandro , Paiola Albrecht Alfredo Junior , Pivetta Laércio Augusto , Weirich Lange Leonardo , Pivotto Eduardo , Wayhs Backes Caroline Beatriz , Alves Luiz Felipe
Published: October 2021

Os eventos extensionistas rurais, como os dias de campo, são focados na agricultura familiar, comunidades locais e demais atores. A Universidade Federal do Paraná atua como catalisadora de transformações sociais, trabalha na mobilização da comunidade e está inserida no cotidiano de ações coletivas no Oeste do Paraná, através do Setor Palotina. O objetivo do projeto foi desenvolver atividades de extensão rural que coexistam e integrem a realização dos Dias de Campo nas Cooperativas, com destaque na C.Vale e Copagril. O público envolvido foi a comunidade acadêmica, agricultores e suas famílias, além dos demais visitantes dos Dias de Campo. Foram identificadas demandas regionais, preparadas unidades demonstrativas, realizadas atividades dialógicas com os envolvidos, além do processo avaliativo e divulgação de resultados de pesquisa e inovação. Aproximadamente cinco mil pessoas foram envolvidas e impactadas pelo trabalho, permitindo maior interação entre sociedade e universidade, e assim, fortaleceu o papel social da Universidade Federal do Paraná na região.
Virtual Teaching and Learning of English As A Second Language in Selected Secondary Schools Isu-Ikwuato, L. G. A. Abia State, Nigeria
Authors:   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, Aguma Bernard Meshach , Kimathi Caroline Kinuu ,   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, Situma Martin ,   Koitaleel Samoei University College, Kenya
Published: October 2021

The adoption of virtual teaching and learning of a second language in the Nigerian educational system has received little attention. COVID-19 lock-down, imposed by the governments of the nations, forced educational institutions globally and locally to adapt virtual teaching and learning of English language. This research paper investigated the challenges of virtual teaching and learning of a second language (English) in selected secondary schools, Isu Ikwuato L.A. Abia State, Nigeria. It used a mixed method convergent parallel research design. The purposive sampling technique was used to select secondary schools that adopted virtual teaching and learning. The targeted population was 2000 English students and teachers with a sample size of 333. The results revealed that the schools made use of synchronous, asynchronous and blended types of online teaching and learning, and the students had a positive attitude. Both students and teachers experienced challenges of poor network, lack of ICT training, unstable electricity, and financial constraint. This study recommends the following: Language Policy Makers in Nigerian Educational System to map out the strategies that will incorporate online second language teaching and learning skills in the curriculum. That Marist Educational Board in partnership with the Ministry of Education in Nigeria, provide virtual supplementary materials for English language education. Adequate virtual training to be provided for English teachers and students. That the challenges of internet fluctuation, power shortage, insufficient virtual materials, inadequate funds, technical issues, virtual skills be addressed by all the stakeholders in education.
PEGYLATION: CONCEPT AND APPLICATIONS IN CANCER THERAPEUTICS
Authors: Khan T. A. , Gohel A. K. ,   SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mithibai College Campus, Vaikunthlal Mehta Road, Vile Parle (East), Mumbai 400 056, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

Polyethylene glycol-ylation (PEGylation) is a phenomenon of modification of a protein, peptide, or non-peptide molecule by linking of one or more polyethylene glycol chains. These synthetic polymers have received FDA approval for internal use. It is an effective method of delivering therapeutic proteins as it modifies their pharmacokinetic properties. The PEG-drug conjugates have several advantages - prolonged residence in body, decreased degradation by metabolic enzymes and reduction or elimination of protein immunogenicity. The delivery of several classes of protein drugs (including protein scaffolds, enzymes, cytokines and antibodies) is significantly improved by PEG-drug conjugate and they are useful in treating chronic diseases such as hepatitis C, leukemia, acromegaly, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), chronic gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn’s disease. This review envisages an overview of PEGylation and its applications in cancer therapeutics. PEGylation technology has proven pharmacological advantages and acceptability and will undoubtedly prove useful for treating many previously difficult-to-treat conditions.
SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND INDAPAMIDE BY DUAL WAVELENGTH SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR COMBINED PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Patel M. P , Patel M. R , Hasumati R , Noolvi M. N , Shah N.
Published: October 2021

A simple, accurate, precise, rapid, economical UV spectrophotometry method, dual wavelength spectrophotometry, has been developed and validated for estimation of Indapamide (IND) and Amlodipine besylate (AML) in combined tablet dosage form and can be used in routine analysis. In this method, the absorbance at 360 nm and 256 nm of AML were same and no interference of IND at 360 nm. was observed. So, absorbance difference at 256-360 is used for estimation of IND and absorbance at 360 nm used for AML. The method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 3-18 μg/mL for IND (r2>0.99962) and 10-60 μg/mL for AML (r2>0.99969). Mean assay was found to be 99.32% and 101.34% for IND and AML respectively. In first order derivative spectrophotometry, the absorbance at 237.4 nm (ZCP of AML) and 241 nm (ZCP of IND) were used for estimation of IND and AML respectively. The method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 1.5-9 μg/mL for IND(r2=0.99983) and 5-30 μg/mL for AML(r2=0.99966). Mean assay was found to be 99.72% and 100.28% for IND and AML respectively.
BIOPROSPECTING FOR CYCLODEXTRIN GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE PRODUCING BACTERIA
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal -576 104, India., Rajesh Y. , Narayanan K , Subrahmanyam V. M. , Venkata Rao J.
Published: October 2021

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase- (CGTase), (EC.2.4.1.19) producing micro-organisms were isolated from different sources of soil (paddy plantation, potato plantation, garden and Malpe beach) from places in and around Udupi, India. A potential isolate MBS 24 was identified as Virgibacillus pantothenticus. This organism was cultivated on modified Horikoshi medium at 130 rpm for 24 h at 32 °C. The maximum production of CGTase enzyme was observed (0.308μmol/ml β-CD units) after 36 h of incubation at 32°C and pH 10.0. CGTase was precipitated using ammonium sulphate at 60% saturation. Cyclodextrin (CD) produced by incubation of CGTase with starch was extracted using toluene and analyzed by thin layer chromatography. Rf values of the solvent extracted CD were similar to the standard α, β and γ CD confirming that all three types of CD’s were formed during enzymatic conversion. These CDs could be used as drug carrier for delivering BCS class II drugs.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A U.V SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF CISPLATIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
Authors: Jain D.S. , Athawale R.B , Bajaj A.N. ,   C.U.Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women’s University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai-400 049, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

A simple, accurate, specific and reproducible colorimetric method was developed for cisplatin in pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical method was based on the formation of a stable, light blue coloured complex upon reaction between cisplatin and ortho-phenylene diamine at pH 7.4. The λmax of the solution was obtained at 702 nm in phosphate buffer saline 7.4. Optimized OPDA concentration and complexation time for the procedure were 1.2 mg/mL and 10 minutes respectively. Developed method in PBS 7.4 was found to be linear in the range of 1-10μg/mL with a regression coefficient of 0.999 and exhibiting line equation y = 0.102x – 0.004. Recovery of marketed cisplatin injection was found to be in the range of 98.8-99.1%. Drug content for the developed nanoformulation was in the range of 98-101% indicating no interference of excipients. These results illustrate that the developed method could be successfully employed for quantitative estimation of cisplatin in pharmaceutical formulations.
SUSTAINED RELEASE MULTIPARTICULATE GASTRORETENTIVE DELIVERY SYSTEM OF CINNARIZINE
Authors: Kruthi Gurudev , Basavaraj B. V. , Bharath S. , Deveswaran R. , Madhavan V. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, M. S. Ramaiah College of Pharmacy, M. S. R. I. T Post, M. S. R. Nagar, Bengaluru – 560 054, Karnataka, India.
Published: October 2021

The main aim of the present work was to formulate and evaluate sustained release multiparticulate gastroretentive delivery system of cinnarizine. The microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method by using Eudragit RS 100 as a polymer in varying ratios. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for drug – polymer compatibility studies, micromeritic properties, drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro buoyancy and drug release studies. The mean particle size increased with increase in polymer concentration, ranging between 60.33 μm to 144.88 μm. FT IR studies showed that the drug and polymer were compatible with each other. The entrapment efficiency decreased with increase in the polymer concentration with values of 50%, 33.3% and 25% respectively. The microspheres floated upto 9 h over the surface of the gastric buffer medium and the buoyancy percentage was found to be in the range of 64.3 – 76.2%. In vitro drug release studies showed that the prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release upto 62.89% for more than 9 h. The mechanism of drug release was found to be a combination of both peppas and matrix kinetics. Thus the developed floating microspheres of cinnarizine may be used as sustained drug delivery system for increasing the therapeutic efficacy with an improved patient compliance.
FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF ACACIA NILOTICA PODS
Authors:   SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mithibai College, Vile Parle (E), Mumbai, 400 056, Maharashtra, India., Khan T. A , Gohel A.
Published: October 2021

Biomolecules can be oxidized by free radicals. This oxidative damage has an important etiological role in aging and the development of diseases like cancer, atherosclerosis, and other inflammatory disorders. Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyl anisole, are good free radical scavengers; however, they can be carcinogenic. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in searching for antioxidants of natural origin. Acacia nilotica has a versatile medicinal value as folk medicine. The present study aims at screening the methanol and aqueous extracts of the pods of Acacia nilotica for antioxidant activity. The effect of these extracts on inhibition of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide radicals and of lipid peroxidation was studied. The results indicated that both the extracts exhibited a significant reduction in the DPPH and NO radical production along with a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation. The results indicate the pods of Acacia nilotica to be a cheap and easily available source of antioxidants
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF VYOSHADI SUSPENSION – A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION
Authors:   PG Scholar Dept. of Bhaishajya kalpana KLEU’S Shri B.M.Kankanwadi Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Belgaum, Karnataka, India., Havinal A. M , Hiremath R. , Mannur V
Published: October 2021

Vyoshadi churna is a polyherbal formulation explained in the context of Pinasa (Coryza), Pratishyaya (Rhinitis), Swarabheda (hoarsness of voice), kasa (cough) etc. Most of the drugs in the formulation are bitter and pungent in taste and churna is difficult to administer, especially in pediatric and geriatric age groups. Suspensions are biphasic liquid dosage forms wherein active drug is in the dispersed phase and a suitable vehicle to carry the drug is the dispersion medium. Suspension can mask the unpalatable taste and has greater bioavailability than other dosage forms. An attempt was made here to develop Vyoshadi churna in suspension form without changing the basic concept of Ayurveda. Here gum tragacanth was incorporated as a suspending agent. Physicochemical analysis, TLC study, and physical tests for Vyoshadi churna and suspension were carried out. Vyoshadi suspension passed all the parameters for standard suspension.
FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF LABORATORY SCALE MINIGRANULATOR USING THE CONCEPT OF DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
Authors:   Anand Pharmacy College, Near Town Hall, Anand, Gujarat - 388 011, India., Gohel M. C , Mansuri S. A. , Thakkar V. T. , Baldania L. H. , Gandhi T. R.
Published: October 2021

The main objective of the present work was to design, fabricate and evaluate a laboratory scale mini granulator for applications in the research and development department. The Box and Behnken design was adopted to identify the critical parameters in the wet granulation process. The granules and tablets were characterized. The spherical granules obtained by using the fabricated mini granulator were of size 600 to 750 μ. On the other hand, the manual method (mortar and pestle) resulted in the formation of larger granules (800-950 μ). Recovery of granules by both the manual method and laboratory scale mini granulator were 71 and 90%, respectively. From the Box and Behnken design, an optimized formula was achieved with granulation time of 10 min, binder concentration 2.35 % and impeller speed 3000 rpm. Use of the mini granulator is recommended for screening of various formulations at R&D centers and also at colleges where the availability of drug is a few grams.
SHIFTING PARADIGM FOR VALIDATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Authors:   School of Natural Product Studies Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, India., Mukherjee Pulok K , Bahadur Shiv , Harwansh Ranjit K , Chaudhary Sushil K
Published: October 2021

The use of herbal drugs for the prevention and treatment of various health ailments has been in practice from time immemorial. Scientific validation and documentation of indigenous knowledge to work on patenting and research based on literature are necessary for the growth of Indian system of medicine. The Indian government has taken several initiatives for promotion and development of medicinal plants. Traditional medicine plays an inevitable role in drug discovery and development. Most of the therapeutically useful molecules used in the present day are inspired by traditional medicine. Several thrust areas of research need to be focused to develop scientifically validated data on their quality, safety and efficacy, to improve the consumer’s need of modern days. The products developed through validation will be of immense use for the betterment of healthcare and will help the industries to compete with their products to export to other counties. A paradigm shift is required for the promotion and development of traditional medicine, which can significantly convey the important task in economic growth. An attempt has been made through this article to highlight the major thrust areas and challenges in medicinal plant research and development.
Diseño para la paz
Authors: Lasso Juan Gabriel , Castellanos Navarrete Alejandra
Published: October 2021

La paz es un reto constante para el diseño desde la perspectiva académico-investigativa, principalmente para la construcción de un conjunto de principios, prácticas y dinámicas que surgen de las experiencias socio-académicas en los espacios de vulnerabilidad social y de postconflicto. Para el proyecto de aula que impulsa y construye conciencia alrededor de semilleros es una causa de diversas inquietudes, una de ellas es como el diseño gráfico desde la experiencia contribuye a la formación de investigadores, profesionales conscientes de una realidad y un contexto permeado por la violencia. Por naturaleza el diseño es social y contiene distintos enfoques en los cuales los semilleros pueden aprovechar. La formación desde el diseño de empaques y el diseño bidimensional permitió a los estudiantes y docentes involucrados en el proceso coincidir en procesos de reconocimiento del contexto, las necesidades, la metodología y las soluciones a partir de una exploración y enfoque creativo dirigido a una comunidad vulnerable. Consecuentemente más allá de las buenas prácticas del diseño, el proyecto se caracteriza por la transformación del contexto desde la visión y aporte social al postconflicto en zonas olvidadas por el estado y por los actores públicos, fundamentalmente como los grupos de investigación y estudio pueden contribuir a generar impacto social.
Investigación formativa en diseño
Authors: Aguirre Ramos Javier Adolfo
Published: October 2021

El presente texto pretende plantear alternativas sobre la diferenciación relacionada a los procesos que se involucran en la investigación en diseño, en el proyecto de diseño y en la investigación científica propiamente dicha, planteando como base la transdisciplinariedad.
La investigación en una disciplina es el motor que motiva su expansión, y consolidación. La reflexión y análisis permanente de las maneras propias, sus limites y relaciones con otras disciplinas, fundamenta y amplía el conocimiento sobre ella misma.
La razón de ser del diseño pasa por reconocen una capacidad de hacer fáctico el pensamiento, convertir las ideas en realidades con intensión de mejorar un proceso una situación o un servicio. La investigación pues es el camino para avanzar en la disciplina del diseño, para saber y reflexionar de sus capacidades, de sus interacciones, la formación del pensamiento investigativo en las universidades es la base para fundar nuevas preguntas y cimienta la incertidumbre como el mecanismo de avance de una disciplina nueva.
Santiago de Cali, una ciudad más legible e inteligible
Authors: Manzano Castro Ana Isabel
Published: October 2021

Este proyecto buscó realizar una caracterización y descripción de las señales con información de nomenclatura en el ámbito urbano y su emplazamiento en el perímetro de influencia del Bulevar del Río en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali y planteó alternativas de mejora desde el ámbito del diseño de información.
La investigación permitió poner en evidencia el estado actual de la información, y la ausencia de un sistema completo secuencial y previsible de señales de nomenclatura urbana que pueda ser usado por las personas para que sus desplazamientos sean acertados en una zona de gran interés turístico que posee 87 hitos culturales que hacen parte de la historia de la ciudad.
Aportes desde el semillero a los procesos de investigación en el programa de Diseño Industrial de la Universidad Católica de Pereira
Authors: Pérez Cardona Carmen Adriana , Naranjo Duque Catalina
Published: October 2021

En el proceso de investigación sobre la caracterización de la técnica de la cestería con fibras no maderables, radicado en el centro de investigación de la UCP, en el año 2016, motivo la participación de un grupo de estudiantes interesados en los procesos artesanales, a la activación del semillero estética, artesanía e Innovación. En este documento se expondrán algunas de las acciones realizadas a lo largo del proceso investigativo, desde el cual surgieron el desarrollo de proyectos de grados, residencia en línea y prácticas internacionales; al igual que la participación por parte de los estudiantes en encuentros de semilleros regionales y nacionales.
Dar cuenta de esta experiencia, permite reconocer como los estudiantes vinculados al semillero logran avances significativos en los procesos de investigación, permitiendo adquirir competencias que les permite ser autónomos y comprometerse desde sus intereses en los retos actuales del contexto.
En el semillero se han dado varias dinámicas entre las que se encuentra: el apoyo al proceso de investigación asumiendo los estudiantes objetivos planteados en esta. Otro proceso que se ha dado es el apoyo a los intereses nacidos de los estudiantes que culminan en proyectos de grado.
La Investigación en la disciplina del diseño
Authors: Uribe Orozco Mario Fernando
Published: October 2021

Desde hace varios años, el interés por la investigación en diseño viene en ascenso. Se ha visto cómo cada vez más, las disciplinas proyectuales han comenzado a incluir la investigación como parte de su componente epistemológico. Este interés por responder a los fenómenos propios del campo disciplinar, debe partir de las inquietudes que todo diseñador debe responder cuando se es consciente que su labor busca dar respuestas viables, factibles e innovadoras a los problemas sociales, culturales, políticos y tecnológicos a los que se enfrenta la sociedad actual. Este texto presenta una sencilla reflexión sobre lo que ha implicado asumir el reto de generar estrategias pedagógicas para fomentar la investigación formativa en los estudiantes del Departamento de Diseño de la Universidad Icesi de la ciudad de Cali.
Caracterización de un modelo de medición que determine el nivel de legibilidad e inteligibilidad en el ámbito peatonal, vial y catastral del bulevar del río y su perímetro de influencia
Authors: Arias Realpe Ximena
Published: October 2021

En el mundo existe la necesidad de humanizar los espacios urbanos, empoderar a los ciudadanos para que interactúen con los espacios públicos, el patrimonio arquitectónico y las ofertas de servicios turísticos, culturales y oficiales, para buscar suplir sus necesidades y generar cultura cívica y conciencia social. El proyecto de investigación buscó realizar una caracterización de un modelo de medición de la legibilidad (e inteligibilidad) en el ámbito vial, peatonal y catastral del Bulevar del Río y su perímetro de influencia en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali a través de la identificación de las características de una Ciudad Legible, los tipos de usuario existentes en la zona y la estimación de un nivel de legibilidad para el lugar. Por medio de indagación en terreno, consulta de fuentes e interacciones y encuestas con usuarios, la investigación permitió determinar cinco características principales que construyen una ciudad legible, identificar los tipos de usuario existentes en la zona y aproximarse a un nivel cuantitativo de la legibilidad en el Bulevar del Río y su perímetro de influencia. Como resultados se evidenció una ausencia de información suficiente para los peatones en un espacio dispuesto para ellos. La relación entre los ciudadanos y los espacios urbanos está mediada por elementos que permiten su entendimiento para contribuir a la información y toma de decisiones acertadas en el contexto de la vida urbana y de la cultura, para aportar al conocimiento. Al ser el diseño un mediador entre la complejidad urbana y los usuarios, se consideró importante estimar un nivel de legibilidad de la zona para, en el futuro, trabajar en las falencias encontradas y mejorar la experiencia entre los usuarios y la ciudad, para favorecer la apropiación del espacio y el fortalecimiento del tejido social.
La chiva
Authors: Valderruten Vidal Alfredo
Published: October 2021

La investigación se abordó desde la disciplina del Diseño Visual, con miras a fortalecer la dimensión de la gráfica popular desde el ámbito académico, teniendo en cuenta que el interés por indagar este fenómeno ha sido poco tratado en el Departamento del Cauca y en el país en general, pues sólo hasta ahora empieza a reconocerse su valor en términos del conocimiento que dicho fenómeno aporta a la interpretación y al entendimiento de aspectos socioculturales en el contexto actual. Se planteó como objetivo central, contribuir a los estudios de la gráfica popular, mediante la identificación de las características estéticas e identitarias presentes en la gráfica de las carrocerías de las chivas (buses escalera) caucanas y describir las significaciones que dichas características tienen para los actores involucrados en el contexto. Se diseñó una metodología de tipo cualitativo, acorde a las necesidades de esta investigación, la cual comprendió cuatro fases: de inmersión, de categorización, de análisis y de resultados, en las cuales se plasmó el paso a paso del proceso. Lo anterior derivó en la producción de un libro, el cual contiene cuatro capítulos que recogen, en síntesis, la identificación y análisis de las características estéticas e identitarias de la gráfica plasmada en las carrocerías de las chivas caucanas, como también la presentación de testimonios en torno a las características mencionadas y su relación con los diferentes actores involucrados en este contexto.
Provocaciones en lo inconcluso
Authors: Moy Arcila Raquel
Published: October 2021

Mediante unos cuestionamientos que conllevan a la exploración y prácticas experimentales con fines expresivos, el texto realiza una reflexión sobre las interacciones y relaciones que pueden surgir entre el sujeto público y diversos dispositivos de la cotidianidad. En tal sentido, recurre al análisis y entendimiento del fenómeno de la inconclusidad, como una característica que concede a dichos dispositivos la capacidad de provocar al sujeto a realizar prácticas expresivas y creativas mediante la interacción. Para justificar lo anterior, el proyecto bosquejó tres aproximaciones a la inconclusidad: i) el artefacto es inconcluso en tanto no se vincula a un referente; ii) el artefacto es inconcluso en tanto se distancia de su completitud, y iii) el artefacto es inconcluso en tanto está predispuesto a complementarse en su relación con el sujeto. Aproximaciones que evidencian el potencial y la capacidad de las carencias como incitadoras de ficciones, esto gracias a los usos, valores y significados que el sujeto puede llegar a conceder a las cosas, gracias a su experiencia, conocimientos e imaginación.
El liderazgo comunitario como detonante en la resignificación de la urdimbre social de las comunidades vulnerables
Authors: Martínez Crespo Lilian Magali , Hidalgo Melo Ángela Janneth
Published: October 2021

Los barrios La Cruz, Figueroa y Fray Ezequiel de la ciudad de Pasto (Nariño), surgieron como asentamientos informales. La Cruz se formalizó hace 28 años, Figueroa y Fray Ezequiel no se han formalizado. Los tres son comunidades vulnerables y se caracterizan por tener un débil liderazgo comunitario para gestionar trabajo colaborativo que propenda por su desarrollo social. El propósito del artículo es mostrar los resultados parciales de una investigación en el campo de la innovación social. Se acogió un enfoque mixto y carácter exploratorio cualitativo, con estudio de caso. Los datos se recogieron a través de análisis de documentación, entrevistas no estructuradas, encuestas, observación directa. Se trabajó con un grupo de enfoque en cada barrio, integrado por miembros de las juntas de acción comunal y algunos habitantes que decidieron participar libremente. El estudio propone como solución, a dicha debilidad, la aplicación de una metodología de diseño participativo contextualizado que logre, a partir de la figura denominada líder par-cero y mediante la transferencia de experiencias exitosas de liderazgo, generar dos productos simultáneos. El primero es el fortalecimiento del liderazgo de los participantes, para replicar lo aprendido en iniciativas de trabajo colaborativo en sus comunidades; y, el segundo, la co-creación de un artefacto plástico-sensorial en respuesta a necesidades específicas de la comunidad. La aproximación a tres realidades sociales diferentes, permitió evidenciar la importancia del rol que desempeña un líder comunitario en los procesos de cohesión social de su comunidad y su papel en la orientación y direccionamiento de un grupo humano para la consecución de objetivos comunes.