bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Between Computerized Cognitive Tests Scores With Functional Cognitive Tests in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Monfared Elyas , Haghgoo Hojjat Allah ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Pishyareh Ebrahim ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vahedi Mohsen ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: In order to rehabilitate cognitive disorders, it is necessary to carefully evaluate cognitive function. Given the variety of assessments, including computerized and functional tests, the aim of this study was to determine whether computerized test scores really reflect a person’s functional ability. In this study, we measured the correlation between computerized and functional evaluation results Methods: In this cross-section study, 45 people (9 males and 36 females) with multiple sclerosis with an Expanded Disability Score (EDSS) of 1 to 5 were recruited. To assess their cognitive function, the CANTAB tests (SOC, DMS, and SSP tests) and the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) battery were used. The data were then processed with SPSS software v. 22. Results: The results showed that the CANTAB test is well correlated with the LOTCA battery. A high correlation was observed between LOTCA’s “visual perception” with delayed matching to sample (r=0.909), LOTCA’s “spatial perception” with spatial span test (r=0.907), LOTCA’s “visual organization” with stocking of Cambridge (r=0.961), and “mental operations” in LOTCA with “stocking of Cambridge” (r=0.835). Discussion: Due to the very good convergence of these two tests, in many cases, computerized tests can be used instead of functional tests.
Effect of Mirror Therapy on the Motor Recovery in Patients After Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ashrafi Sadra , Shabaani Mehr Maryam ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Khaleghdoost Mohammadi Tahereh ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Jafroudi Shirin ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Kazemnezhad Leyli Ehsan ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: One of the most important problems seen in patients after stroke is that they cannot develop normal muscle strength. In recent years, the use of Mirror Therapy (MT) in the recovery of this condition has been noticed in different studies. This study investigated the effect of MT on motor recovery in patients after stroke. Methods: In this clinical trial, 93 patients were divided into three groups, including MT, non-reflective surface, and control groups. The tools used in this study included the patient’s profile questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination Test, and Brunnstrom Recovery Stages. After the routine physiotherapy program, the intervention groups underwent MT for 20 sessions. The analysis of data was performed by SPSS software v. 22. Results: There was a significant difference between the non-reflective surface and MT groups (P=0.043) in pairwise comparison of their motor recovery stages in the 20th session, but the difference between the non-reflective surface and control groups was not significant. There was also a significant statistical difference between the MT and control groups in motor recovery stages in the 20th session, (P=0.0332) Conclusion: The obtained findings suggest that MT can increase patients’ motor recovery after stroke. This method can be used as a simple, cheap, and usable method at home.
Sensory Integration and Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   PhD in Life and Health Sciences, Retired Reader in Teaching and Learning and Course Director for MSc in Sensory Integration., Kelly Greg
Published: March 2022

The theory and practice of sensory integration were developed in the late 1960s by an occupational therapist and psychologist, Dr. A. Jean Ayres [1]. Also, known as sensory processing, it is “the neurological process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and from the environment and makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment” [1].
Intrinsic Factors of Home Fall Among Older Adults in Qazvin City, Iran, 2018
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Bagheri Roochi Amaneh , Mohammadi Fatemeh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Khorani Hossein ,   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Motalebi Seyedeh Ameneh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and predictors of home fall among elderly people living in Qazvin City, Iran, 2018. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 300 elderly people aged 60 years or higher who were selected by cluster sampling technique. Data were collected by demographic and chronic diseases checklist, checklist of the characteristics of fall in the last year, Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), self-reported health scale, and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. The logistic regression model was conducted to determine predictors of home falls. Results: The mean age of the 300 older people who participated in the study was 70.11±8.90 years. Approximately, one-third of them (n=100, 33.3%) reported at least one fall during the last year. The results of the logistic regression revealed that the number of medicines used (OR=5.31, CI=1.44-19.49), history of the physical disease (OR=1.31, CI=1.01-1.70), age (OR=1.09, CI=1.03-1.15), balance control (OR=1.04, CI=0.07-1.01), and physical activity (OR=0.72, CI=0.57-0.92) were internal predictors of the fall among older adults. Discussion: The findings of our study disclosed that the incidence of falls is rather high among older people. The frequency of falls increased by advancing age, increase the number of physical illnesses and medicines used, poor balance, and a reduction in physical activity.
Study of Risks in Rural Water Supply Systems of Khorramshahr City, Iran, Based on Water Safety Plan
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Naseri Iman , Jalilzadeh Yengejeh Reza ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Verijkazemi Kobra ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Cheraghi Mahboobeh ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Water safety planning is a comprehensive risk assessment and management approach encompassing all steps in a drinking-water supply chain, from catchment to consumer. A Water Safety Plan (WSP) ensures drinking water safety through this approach. In this study, risk factors are initially identified and evaluated. Then control and corrective measures are determined to reduce or eliminate health and environmental hazards of rural water supply systems in Khorramshahr City, Iran, according to the guidelines of the WSP provided by the World Health Organization. Methods: This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which rural water supply systems in Khorramshahr were studied using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) risk systematic method. The Risk Priority Number (RPN) was calculated to determine the risk level after identifying 14 risk factors using experts’ opinions. Then, control and corrective measures were considered for medium, high, and very high-level risk factors. Results: The evaluation results of 14 risk factors identified in the distribution network and point of consumption indicated that 71.5% of them were at the medium risk level and 28.5% at the high (critical) risk level. After determining control and corrective measures, 92.9% of risk factors reached the medium (manageable) level and 7.1% the critical level. Conclusion: This result indicates that water safety guidelines can replace traditional methods of inspection and process control, and significant improvements can be achieved with the help of risk assessment by the FMEA method and step-by-step implementation of the WSP as an essential evolutionary solution for preventive measures and reducing the level of existing risks.
Lead Bioavailability in the Environment: Its Exposure and and Effects
Authors:   Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran., Mousavi Seyed Majid , Brodie Graham ,   Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus, Melbourne, Australia., Payghamzadeh Kamal ,   Horticulture Crops Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran., Raiesi Tahereh ,   Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Centre, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ramsar, Iran., Strivastava A. K. ,   Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Published: March 2022

Many anthropogenic activities result in the accumulation of potentially toxic metals (e.g. lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic, cobalt, and mercury) in the environment. Lead (Pb) is a very toxic and non-biodegradable element with no metabolic function in living creatures. It can be quickly taken up and transferred within plant tissues and then enter the food chain, causing phytotoxicity. Through different biochemical and enzymatic reactions, Pb can severely harm public health. After entering soil and sediments, Pb may mix with soil components and associate with them through different geochemical fractions, determining the final fate of Pb in terms of bioavailability and uptake by plants. Metal bioavailability in soils is mainly dependent on the soil and plant properties and interactions with other elements. Although there are numerous studies on the influence of heavy metals on public health, limited studies have considered the role of the soil-plant chain on the final fate of potentially toxic metals concerning public health. This article is a joint investigation between agricultural and medical sciences and reveals that the soil (as the base of agriculture) affects human health in various ways, and human health is linked to the health of the soil.
Investigating the Non-carcinogenic Risk and Hazard Quotient of Heavy Metals in High-traffic Districts of Tehran Metropolis, Iran
Authors:   Department of Environment Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Mahdipour Azam , Zaeimdar Mojgan ,   Department of Environment Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Sekhavatjou Mohammad Sadegh ,   Agriculture and Natural Resources Department, Islamic Azad University, Ahwaz Branch, Ahwaz, Iran., Jozi Sayed Ali ,   Department of Environment Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of heavy metals bound to airborne Particulate Matter (PM) in high-traffic districts of Tehran, Iran, and to determine the carcinogenic risk and Hazard Quotient (HQ) of these metals using a descriptive-applied method. Methods: Six indoor/outdoor stations were established in three high-traffic districts of Tehran. Each station was sampled with six replicates in winter 2018 (36 samples in total). After extracting the metals from fiberglass filters by acid digestion based on the ASTM (the American Society for Testing and Materials method), the concentrations of heavy metals were determined by an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP-OES) device. The human health risk was evaluated according to the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) standard method. The obtained data were analyzed by the Spearman correlation and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) in SPSS. Results: Districts 2, 3, and then 15 were the most high-traffic areas of Tehran in descending order. Average heavy metal concentrations were detected in order of Al>Fe>Pb>Mn>Cu>Zn>Cr>As>Ni>Cd. Also, the heavy metals concentrations were significantly different between indoor and outdoor environments. The correlations between heavy metal concentrations, carcinogenic risk, and HQ were significant in all three districts (P<0.05). Mean carcinogenic risk variables, HQ levels, and heavy metal concentrations in all three regions were in order of districts 15>2>3 and outdoors>indoors. Conclusion: Based on the results, serious measures are recommended to control traffic congestion in Tehran to prevent cancer risk and other health hazards caused by heavy metal bonded TSP (total suspended particulate matter).
A Simplified Approach to Evaluate Retinal Blue Light Hazard Using the Correlated Color Temperature of LED Light Sources
Authors:   Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Mohammadian Farough , Mehri Ahmad ,   Department of occupational hygiene, school of public health, Hamadan University of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran., Abedi Kamaladdin ,   Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Ebrahimi Hossein ,   Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Laal Fereydoon ,   Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Falahi Hamed ,   Department of Safety Engineering, Health and Environment, Faculty of Industry, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Visible light of short wavelength (blue light) can damage the retina cells, called blue light hazard. To protect the retina, permissible exposure limits have been determined by ICNIRP (the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) and other health and safety agencies. These limits include complex physical concepts, and their evaluation requires light measuring instruments equipped with a blue light hazard function filter, which is not available at the moment in developing countries. This study aims to assess retinal blue light hazard using the correlated color temperature of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) light sources. Methods: In this study, a new method was proposed for evaluating the retinal blue light hazard using only the Correlated Color Temperature (CCL) of LED light sources for which concern on blue light hazard has currently been reinforced. In the proposed method, the radiometric quantity (blue light effective radiance) in W.m-2.sr-1 was converted to the corresponding photometric quantity (blue light effective luminance) in lm.m-2.sr-1. Then a computer code was developed for relevant calculations. Results: The estimated permissible exposure times applying the new photometry approach were highly reliable and supported by the literature. The proposed method is particularly useful because it eliminates the need to utilize any light measuring device. Conclusion: The new approach makes the concept of blue light hazard straightforward and understandable for all specialists dealing with optical radiation safety.
Investigation and Optimization of Air Pollution Risk by a Multi-criteria Decision Making Method Using Fuzzy TOPSIS: A Case Study of Construction Workers
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Sekhavati Eghbal , Jalilzadeh Yengejeh Reza ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Investigating human health during work importantly affect the safety and efficiency of the society. Different types of activity, including industrial, constructional, heavy duty ones, etc., affect the health of workers during their activities. In this study, the Multi-Objective Decision-Making (MODM) method was combined with fuzzy TOPSIS to investigate and optimize the air pollution risk affecting the health and safety of construction workers of Lar City, Fars Province, Iran. Methods: The comparison matrices (binary) and the Phillips–Perron test of different criteria and sub-criteria of health risk, including safety view, safety efficiency, understanding the risk, and risk investigation, were assessed to find the most influential factors for the optimization of the health risk of the workers. Results: Accordingly, the results indicated that “understanding the risk” followed by “safety efficiency” affected the health risk of the construction workers the most. However, among the sub-criteria, the most effective ones were “worker knowledge”, “manager knowledge”, “logistic specialized managers”, “modern facilities”, and “modern technology”. The selection of the linear and non-linear models was conducted according to the F values, and the model parameters were estimated using the Newton-Raphson test. Most coefficients were significant at P= 0.99. The model also has a high describing value of 0.97. The final estimated homogeneity coefficient was equal to 1.31, and it ranged from 0.86 to 2.72 for the critical risk investigation. The significance of the present research is to increase the health and safety of workers during work resulting in a more sustainable and healthier environment. Conclusion: Accordingly, the managers could handle the risks, determine the tolerable risks, indicate the risk of each process to control expenses, and take the essential measures for optimization.
Effect of Drought Stress, Soil Salinity, P. indica, and MWCNs on Biodegradation of Diesel Oil in the Pb- and Cd-Polluted Soil Under Cultivation of Triticale Plant
Authors:   Department of Soil Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran., Baghaie Amir Hossein
Published: March 2022

Background: Today, soil pollution with heavy metals and petroleum compounds is one of the main environmental problems. This research was done to investigate the effect of drought stress, soil salinity, Piriformospora indica (P. indica), and MWCNs on biodegradation of diesel oil in the soil that contaminated with Pb and Cd under cultivation of triticale plant. Methods: Treatments consisted of applying MWCNs (2% [W/W]) in the Pb- and Cd-polluted soil that was simultaneously polluted with diesel oil (0, 5, and 10% [W/W]), and the plants used in this study were inoculated with P. indica. After 70 days, plants were harvested, and plant and soil Cd were measured using AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry). In addition, the degradation percentage of diesel oil in soil was determined. Results: Soil application of MWCNs at the rate of 2% (W/W) significantly increased the biodegradation of diesel oil in the soil in the drought and salinity (6 dS/m) stress by 11.3% and 15.6%, respectively. In addition, plant inoculation with P. indica significantly increased the biodegradation of diesel oil in the soil by 12.3%. For salinity (6 dS/m) and drought stress, it was increased by 8.3% and 9.4%, respectively. In addition, the Pb and Cd concentrations decreased by 14.3% and 12.8%, respectively, when the MWCNs were added to the soil (2% [W/W]). Conclusion: Soil application of MWCNs and plant inoculation with P. indica not only increased the biodegradation of diesel oil but also decreased the plant Pb and Cd concentrations.
Comparing the Performance Evaluation Models of Gas Refineries Using AHP and TOPSIS
Authors:   Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Mohammadi Mahmoud , Ghasemi Saber ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Parvaresh Hossein ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Dehghani Ghanateghestani Mohsen ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Published: March 2022

Background: To basically solve the critical environmental problems, macro and infrastructural perspectives of rational development should be designed following environmental protection rules. Creating the proper performance measurement systems in every organization has had a promising interest in university studies, and many researchers are working on it. Methods: This research intends to compare and rank 4 evaluation performance models used in gas refineries. To achieve the desired model in this study, we employed the grounded theory. The study research consisted of 20 professionals and Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) managers of gas refineries who had relevant experience and skills in this area. The normal score was estimated based on the weight obtained from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to apply the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) process and prioritize the models. Results: The pairwise comparison matrix of 4 research models of the balanced scoring card, European foundation for quality management business excellence model, Iran national quality award, and environmental performance evaluation depicted that the geometric mean of the evaluation criteria includes the following items: the capability to quantify qualitative data for environmental performance, facilitating, efficient implementing, structuring, and mapping a roadmap of organization maturity to select an environmental performance estimated at 1.22, 0.90, 0.95, and 0.96, respectively. Also, the normal weights of these four criteria are estimated at 0.3039423, 0.2242449, 0.2347026, and 0.2371102, respectively. Conclusion: The findings resulting from prioritizing the organization’s Environmental Performance Evaluation (EPE) models based on TOPSIS depicted that the suggested model with relative proximity to 99% is the first choice of EPE for the gas refinery.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Musculoskeletal Pain in Students of Engineering and Humanities Faculties of Arak University in 2018-2019
Authors:   Department of Physiology and Sports Pathology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Shahrjerdi Shahnaz
Published: March 2022

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate students of Engineering and Humanities Faculties of Arak University in 1397-98. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study of 464 students (humanities, 169 and engineering, 295 people) with mean age (20.56+1.51 years), Body Mass Index (22.29±3.35 kg/m2)). Was done at the undergraduate level of Arak University in the 2018-2019 years. Nordic questionnaire to assess musculoskeletal pain during the last 7 days, 12 months as well as functional disorders during the last 12 months in the neck, shoulders, wrists and hands, back, lower back, pelvis, thighs, legs and ankles were examined. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research Projects of Hamadan University (Code: IR.BASU.REC.1398.013). Results: The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was in the spine (63.4%) which is in the back (27.6%), neck (23.5%) and then shoulders (21.8%), respectively. In software and chemical engineering, neck, shoulder, wrist, and hand pain were most common due to computer work and study time per day. Back and lower back pain were very common in psychology and Quranic sciences due to inactivity and increasing Waist-Hip ratio. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most serious problems in some fields of study in colleges, which can be found to reduce the complications by finding the causative factors and educating students.
Explaining the Challenges of the Iranian Health System in the Face of Future Aging: Qualitative Study
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Samouei Rahele , Keyvanara Mahmoud ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The goals of global growth of the elderly population and ensuring the health of the elderly is a global event and one of the most important challenges of the health system of countries, especially developing countries and Iran; In this regard, the study was conducted to explain the challenges of the Iranian health system in the face of future aging. Methods & Materials: The study was qualitative content analysis. A total of 29 experts from various disciplines including geriatrics, psychology, social medicine, nursing, medicine, health and social welfare, health policy, health care management and health economics participated in the study. The data obtained from the semi-structured interview were classified by the content analysis method. Lincoln and Guba criteria were used to assess validity. Results: In identifying the challenges of the Iranian health system in the face of future aging Two general concepts including policy challenges, including barriers related to planning and implementation, financial barriers, vision barriers, therapeutic barriers, Health barriers, educational barriers and individual social challenges were identified, including cultural value barriers, and individual barriers. Conclusion: The frequency and variety of challenges of increasing the elderly population in the country according to the findings of the study indicate the critical state of the health system in the near future. Identifying these challenges can be used by policymakers and planners for any planning and action.
Bioprospecção de atividade anticâncer dos gêneros Garcinia e Clusia: uma breve revisão
Authors: Brito Lavínia de Carvalho , Figueiredo Maria Raquel
Published: March 2022

A bioprospecção é uma das formas de extrair valor econômico da biodiversidade brasileira, abrangendo principalmente a indústria farmacêutica. O câncer é uma das principais causas de mortalidade no mundo e 64,9% das drogas anticâncer, aprovadas de 1946 a 2019, são de origem natural.  A família Clusiaceae possui vários metabólitos secundários bioativos, destacando-se a ação antineoplásica de espécies dos gêneros Garcinia e Clusia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma breve revisão da atividade anticâncer dos gêneros Clusia e Garcinia, pertencentes à família Clusiaceae. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada no período de 2000 até 2021, nas bases de dados Scifinder, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados os estudos in vitro e in vivo dos dois gêneros, sobre a atividade anticâncer de algumas das substâncias isoladas mais representativas, e os mecanismos de ação envolvidos. Foram excluídas as duplicatas ou os dados considerados questionáveis ou insuficientes. Essa revisão reforça a importância da bioprospecção de moléculas anticâncer da família Clusiaceae, que poderia contribuir para a descoberta de fármacos de origem natural, visando o desenvolvimento tecnológico sustentável brasileiro.
Desenvolvimento de novos derivados de plantas medicinais para doenças negligenciadas: uma análise bibliométrica
Authors: Neto Paula Teixeira Pinto Pereira , Santos Taís Rubia , Tellis Carla Junqueira Moragas
Published: March 2022

Doenças negligenciadas impõem um fardo humano, social e econômico devastador a mais de 1 bilhão de pessoas em todo o mundo. Embora existam ferramentas para controlar e até mesmo eliminar muitas dessas doenças, novos produtos terapêuticos precisam urgentemente ser desenvolvidos. Produtos derivados da biodiversidade são uma alternativa à busca de novos medicamentos. Este estudo buscou apresentar por meio de uma análise bibliométrica o cenário global de desenvolvimento de novos derivados de plantas medicinais destinadas ao tratamento de doenças negligenciadas, destacando a experiência da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). A base de dados Scopus foi utilizada para investigar a pesquisa relacionada ao tema nas últimas décadas. Observou-se aumento na produção de conhecimento sobre o tema, com relevante participação de autores, instituições e financiamentos públicos brasileiros, incluindo a contribuição da Fiocruz. Sugere-se a implementação de estratégias futuras de pesquisa e de financiamento que promovam maior produção científica e que propiciem a tradução da pesquisa básica para a prática clínica.
Descoberta de fármacos a partir de produtos naturais e a abordagem Molecular Power House (MPH)
Authors: Trivella Daniela Barretto Barbosa , Bruder Marjorie Christine Paule , Oliveira Fábio Cesar Bonafé , Porcaro Renata , Rustiguel Joane Kathelen , Ribeiro Leonardo Bergamasco , Felicio Rafael de , Cunha Marcos Guilherme da , Nascimento Andrey Fabricio Ziem , Zeri Ana Carolina Mattos , Pessa Lisandra Ravanelli , Mascarello Alessandra , Guimarães Cristiano Ruch Werneck , Azevedo Hatylas , Perfeito Marcia Luana Gomes , Pagani Eduardo , Ropke Cristina Dislich
Published: March 2022

A descoberta de fármacos a partir de produtos naturais vivencia uma nova era graças ao uso de tecnologias de ponta e abordagens integradas para superar as dificuldades inerentes à pesquisa com produtos naturais. Estes são substâncias químicas altamente complexas e inovadoras produzidas pela biota, em especial organismos sésseis como plantas e micro-organismos, e representam a principal fonte de inspiração de novos fármacos. Resultante do reavivado interesse na descoberta de medicamentos à base de produtos naturais, novas abordagens para a identificação, caracterização, e reabastecimento de produtos naturais estão sendo desenvolvidas, que podem endereçar alguns dos desafios relacionados ao desenvolvimento de fármacos inspirados em moléculas da biodiversidade. Almeja-se a capacidade de detecção e caracterização de novos produtos naturais bioativos, concomitantemente à redução dos custos e tempo para obtenção destas moléculas. Para isto, é necessário inovar nos processos e nas tecnologias aplicadas à descoberta de fármacos a partir de produtos naturais. A abordagem Molecular Power House (MPH) apresentada neste trabalho faz uso de tecnologias integradas como uma forma de superar gargalos clássicos da pesquisa com produtos naturais de plantas, alinhada ao acesso à maior biodiversidade do planeta, posicionando o Brasil no cenário mundial de descoberta de fármacos inovadores.
Cohesive Devices in Literary texts: Analysis of Stephen King’s The Mist for Students of Foreign Languages, Linguistics and Translation
Authors: Clemente Arribas Beatriz , Godoy Tena Francisco
Published: March 2022

Text analysis constitutes one of the most challenging and complex practices for every student. Owing to this fact, linguists need a theoretical framework that would explain every linguistic device in text cohesion. Those cohesive devices may identify those units that are part of the analysed text. Among the huge amount of literary works that might be analysed, we chose one by Stephen King, one of the most prolific thriller writers of the 20th century. The aim of this study is to analyse one of his bestsellers in American Literature, The Mist, a psychological horror novella published in 1980. The main work used in this research is Hasan and Halliday’s Cohesion in English, which will be the centre of the linguistic study. Thanks to this investigation, we shall establish certain linguistic parameters to help students build a linguistic analysis to ease their academic and professional areas, such as linguistics and translation. The excerpt analysed will include certain linguistic cohesive devices, such as anaphora-cataphora, the use of direct speech, relative clauses, or Hasan and Halliday’s terms of field, tenor, and mode, among others. As a result of this, EFL students from different disciplines, such as foreign languages, translation, or linguistic studies, will therefore increase their knowledge of this literary model in order to be applied to other literary and non-literary works.
Artistic Narrative Structure of Ihsan Abdel Quduos and D. H. Lawrence's Novels: A Stylistic Comparative Sketch
Authors: Kurraz Abdullah
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the artistic structures, aesthetics, and thematics in the literary works of Ihsan Abd Al-Quduos (the Arab writer) and D. H. Lawrence (the English writer) in terms of the narrative style, language, dialogue, settings, and characters through a textual analysis in the light of the premises of the narrative aesthetics, comparative assumptions and aesthetic intertextualities. Comparatively, the paper sheds light on the aspects of artistic aesthetics of structure and style between the two writers, basically the treatment of women, clarifying their narrative experiences. Therefore, this paper adopts the descriptive and analytical critical theory to explore similarities and dissimilarities in the aesthetics, style, and language of both writers' selected texts. The results of this paper textually reveal both authors' awareness of the nature of the fictional discourse as linguistic creativity and special artistic composition. Also, both novelists show some similarities and differences in narrative content, style, structure and themes, each according to his realistic experience as a result of the relationship with the surrounding environment and the cultural background. So, the two writers are very careful with all their art and creativity to endow their novels with aesthetics of expression and their structural and semantic spaces. The paper explores such issues in their selected narratives, which include Ihsan's Sleepless, The Dead End, A Nose and three Eyes, and Don't Turn off the Sun. Lawrence's novels include Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, The Lost Girl, Aaron's Rod, and Lady Chatterley's Lover.
A Study on the Correlation of Systematic Risk of China's Listed Banks
Authors: Yan Yue , Zhu WenHan
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the DCC-GARCH model is used to study the dynamic correlation of systemic risk of 13 listed state-owned and joint-stock banks in China. The results show that: (1) there is a positive risk dynamic correlation among the four major state-owned banks in China, and the risk dynamic correlation between industrial and Commercial Bank of China and China Construction Bank is the closest during the sample period, and they are roughly the same with the other banks, so it is necessary to strengthen risk prevention for these banks; (2) there is a positive dynamic correlation between the systematic risk between state-owned banks and joint-stock banks in China, And the dynamic correlation coefficient is affected by the previous information.
UJIDAYA HAMBAT PERASAN BUAH NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr)TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureusDENGAN METODEDIFUSI AGAR
Authors: Retnaningsih Agustina , Primadiamanti Annisa , Erdina Erdina
Published: March 2022

Di Indonesia telah dibudayakan salah satu jenis tanaman buah yang banyak dibudidayakan di daerahtropis dan subtropics yaitu buah nanas. Nanas terkenal sebagai buah yang kaya akan enzim bromelin. Enzim bromelin dapat digunakan sebagai anti radang, antibakteri, baik untuk sistem pencernaan, mempercepat penyembuhan luka, mengobati luka bakar, gatal, bisul dan dapat menyembuhkan batuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah perasan buah nanas dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Prinsip dari metode ini adalah penghambatan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, yaitu zona hambat akan terlihat sebagai daerah yang jernih disekitar kertas cakram yang mengandung zat antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 5 konsentrasi yaitu 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100% dengan 3 kali pengulangan, dan didapatkan hasilpada masing-masing konsentrasi tidak terbentuk zona jernih. Kontrol positif yang digunakan yaitu antibiotikkloramfenikol yang membentuk zona jernih sebesar 39 mm. Sedangkan untuk kontrol negatifdigunakan aquadest steril, hasil yang didapat tidak terbentuk zona jernih. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa airperasan buah nanas tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Kata kunci: buah nanas, enzim bromelin, Staphylococcus aureus, difusi agar.
UJI POTENSI EKSTRAK LIMBAH KULIT BAWANG MERAH SEBAGAI BIOLARVASIDA NYAMUK DEMAM BERDARAH (Aedes aegypti)
Authors: Elsyana Vida , Chusniasih Dewi
Published: March 2022

Kulit bawang merah berpotensi sebagai larvasida alami bagi Aedes aegyptikarena kandungan fitokimianya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas biolarvasida ekstrak etanol kulit bawang merah terhadap larva Aedes aegyptiinstar III. Kulit bawang merah diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Aktivitas biolarvasida dilakukan dengan menentukan konsentrasi terendah dari ekstrak yang mampu mematikan 50% populasi larva Aedes aegypti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit bawang tidak bersifat aktif terhadap larva Aedes aegypti(LC50> 750 μg/mL). Ekstrak etanol kulit bawang merah berpotensi rendah sebagai biolarvasida terhadap Aedesaegypti.Kata Kunci : Kulit bawang merah, biolarvasida, Aedes aegypti
PENETAPAN KADAR ASAM SIANIDA PADATALAS (Colocasia esculenta) DENGANVARIASI WAKTU PERENDAMAN SECARA ARGENTOMETRI
Authors: Mardiyono Mardiyono
Published: March 2022

Talas (Colocasia esculenta) merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat yang tinggi. Oleh sebab itu, talas banyak digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif makanan tambahan. Selain memiliki nilai gizi, tanaman talas juga mengandung asam sianida (HCN) yang merupakan senyawa beracun yang dapat mengakibatkan keracunan sampai dengan kematian. Asam sianida dapat dikurangi dengan proses pengolahan seperti perendaman dengan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar asam sianida (HCN) dalam talas dengan variasi waktu perendaman 0 menit, 10 menit, 20 menit dan 30 menit dalam air. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Argentometri yang merupakan metode umum untuk menetapkan kadar halogenida dan senyawa-senyawa lain yang membentuk endapan dengan perak nitrat (AgNO3) pada suasana tertentu. Kadar rata-rata dari masing-masing sampel yaitu 0 menit: 34,12; 10 menit: 28,78; 20 menit: 22,61; 30 menit: 15,21. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapat penulis menarik kesimpulan yaitu terdapat perbedaan kadarantara keempat sampel, dengan demikian perlakuan perendaman mempengaruhi penurunan kadar asam sianida (HCN) dalam talas.Kata kunci : Talas, Asam sianida (HCN), Perendaman dalam air, Argentometri
PENETAPAN KADAR LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) PADA LIP LINERDENGAN METODE INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY(ICP-MS)
Authors: Agustina Verlia
Published: March 2022

Lip lineradalah golongan lipstik yang digunakan untuk membingkai bibir sebelum menggunakan lip productlainnya dan dapat membantu menjaga pewarna bibir yang berminyak agar tidak berantakan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah lip lineryang dijual di Lorong King Pasar Tengah Bandar Lampung mengandung timbal dan berapakah kadar timbal yang ada pada lip linertersebut dengan menggunakan metode ICP-MS. Prinsip dasar ICP-MS adalah bahwa atom-atom suatu logam yang diukur yaitu atom yangterionisasi positif sedangkan atom yang bermuatan negatif dan bahkan tidak memiliki muatan akan dibuang. Berdasarkan hasil penandaan kemasan pada sampel lip lineryang digunakan yaitu sampel A, B, C tidak memenuhi persyaratan BPOM No.18 tahun 2015 tentangpersyaratan kosmetika sedangkan sampel D memenuhi persyaratan. Dari hasil penelitian uji kualitatif sampel negatif mengandung timbal dan hasil uji kuantitatif didapatkan kadar rata-rata timbal pada sampel A yaitu 1,7276 mg/kg, sampel B yaitu 0,7713 mg/kg,sampel C yaitu 0,8564 mg/kg, sampel D yaitu 0,6284 mg/kg. Jadi kesimpulannya bahwa sampel lip linermemenuhi persyaratan BPOM RI No.17 tahun 2014 yaitusebesar ≤ 20 mg/kg.Kata Kunci : Lip Liner, Timbal(Pb), ICP-MS, Lorong King Pasar Tengah
IDENTIFIKASI RHODAMIN B PADA KEMBANG GULA DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS
Authors: Khoirunisa Sudewi Mukharomah
Published: March 2022

Jajanan merupakan salah satu pilihan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan makanan dengan cepat dan praktis tanpa harus menunggu waktu yang lama, contohnya kembang gula. Kembang gula disukai karena rasanya yang manis dan warna menarik. Namun, beberapa produsen kembang gula masih menggunakan rhodamin B sebagai pewarna, padahal rhodamin B dilarang digunakan dalam makanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tentang identifikasi pewarna rhodamin B pada kembang gula. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kromatografi lapis tipis. Prinsip metode ini yaitu pemisahan dua senyawa dengan menggunakan 2 fase , fase diam danfase gerak. Fase diam yang digunakan silika gel GF 254nm dan fase gerak yang digunakan n-butanol : Asam asetat glasial : air dengan perbandingan 40 : 10 : 24 dan masing-masing sampel dilakukan dua kali pengulangan. Sampel penelitian adalah kembang gula berwarna merah muda cerah, dua yang bermerk yang dijual di swalayan dan toko kue dan tujuh sampel yang tidak bermerk dijual di Pkor Way Halim Bandar Lampung. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa dari kesluruhan sampel tidak mengandung rhodamin B.Kata kunci : kromatografi lapis tipis, rhodamin B, kembang gula, makanan jajanan
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata L) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia Coli DAN Staphylococcus Aureus DENGAN METODE DIFUSI CAKRAM
Authors: Komalasari Marantika , Alkausar Radho , Retnaningsih Agustina
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the antibacterial inhibition of soursop leaf extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Antibacterial test against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using disc diffusion method. The concentration of soursop leaf extract used was 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with Tetracycline antibiotics as a positive control.  The results of this study showed soursop leaf extract against Escherichia coli bacteria at a concentration of 25%, namely 0.00 mm, at a concentration of 50%, namely 8.30 mm, at a concentration of 75%, namely 8.80 mm, and at a concentration of 100%, namely 9.90  mm.  While soursop leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% did not get inhibition zones in each repetition. The results of testing the inhibitory power of soursop leaf extract were more effective on Escherichia coli bacteria which are gram- negative bacteria.
PERBANDINGAN KADAR BESI (Fe) PADA DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) YANG TUMBUH DI DATARAN TINGGI DAN DATARAN RENDAH SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM (SSA)
Authors: Pratiwi Amelia Wilda , Nofita Nofita
Published: March 2022

Moringa leaves are a multipurpose medicinal plants commonly consumed as vegetables. Moringa leaves are rich in nutrients, one of which is iron (Fe) as much as 7 mg / 100g. Iron is useful for preventing anemia. Moringa grows in the highlands and lowlands with different soil conditions, so this allows for differences in iron levels in the leaves. This study aims to determine whether there are significant differences between Moringa leaves that grow in the highlands and lowlands. Samples were obtained from one of the residents' yards in kec. Gisting (highland) and kec. Teluk Betung (lowland). The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The tools used for iron analysis are Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 248.40 nm. Linear regression line equation is obtained, which is y = 0.010483 + 0.09074x with a correlation coefficient (r) that is 0.9985. The average level of iron from Moringa leaves that grew in the highlands and lowlands respectively 6.26 mg / 100g and 6.16 mg / 100g. The results of the calculation of the t test found that tcount = 1.06. This tcount value will be compared with ttable with a 99% confidence level of 4.60. If tcount is smaller than ttable then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected so that there is no significant difference between iron in moringa leaves that grow in the highlands and lowlands.
IDEAS OF CZECH ADOLESCENTS ABOUT THEIR FUTURE PROFESSION ASSESSED FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR FAVORABLENESS AND COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY – RELATED TO SOME COMPONENTS OF UPBRINGING AND SELF-ESTEEM
Authors: Poledňová Ivana , Marček Vladimir , Portešová Šárka
Published: March 2022

In the presented research, the ideas of Czech adolescents about their future profession were researched. In the research, data from examinations of 17-year-old respondents were analyzed. The views of their future vocation as well as the vocations of significant others (mother, father, significant other) were acquired by a modified version of the REP-test and assessed from the perspective of their favorableness and cognitive complexity. The aim was to detect relations between the assessment of individual vocations, the components of upbringing analyzed by the Czech Questionnaire for Determining the Upbringing Style in Family (Čáp, Boschek) and self-esteem measured by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. It was discovered that adolescents, while assessing their potential future vocation, are influenced by family upbringing- there is a strong influence of the factor of emotional warmth in family related to a positive relationship to the adolescents’ vocational future. Moreover, it became evident that the more negative view the adolescents have of the individual vocations, the more differentiated they try to perceive them (higher cognitive complexity), probably in order to develop appropriate coping strategies in their future performance or to justify their negative assessment by a more precise, i.e. not “black and white” perspective. However, in a more detailed analysis, it was revealed that vocations viewed as strongly negative and strongly positive are perceived as less differentiated than vocations assessed in a neutral way, which can be explained by the hypothesis of emotional engagement.
Key words: cognitive complexity, future profession, REP-test, self-esteem.