bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Basketball Skills Through Coordination Exercises in Pair for Middle School Students
Authors:   Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: adrian.pascan@ubbcluj.ro., Pascan Adrian , Moca Cosmin ,   Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Corresponding author: adrian.pascan@ubbcluj.ro.
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to present effective methods for teaching exercises during physical education and sports lessons by performing exercises in pairs. The presence of a partner and/or opponent not only adds a competitive element but also simulates adaptation to unpredictable changes, thus creating conditions similar to those encountered in a real basketball game and providing more realistic feedback on the applicability of technical procedures in basketball. Materials and Methods: The subjects included in the study were represented by two fifth-grade classes (one experimental class and one control class) from “Ion Agârbiceanu” Secondary School in Cluj-Napoca. Initial tests were applied to both groups involved in the research, then the experimental group was subjected to a variety of pair exercises, followed by the same tests being applied to both groups again at the end. Results: The results obtained from the two tests applied to both groups in the research show a more visible progress in the experimental group, especially in the second test, where a very large difference can be seen. In the experimental group, 18 out of 20 students improved their shooting percentage, while in the control group, only 5 achieved this. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, we can confidently state that applying pair-specific basketball exercises improved the execution of procedures and technical elements.
Keywords: procedure, pair, improvement
Transparente de la catedral de Toledo: nuevos datos para el estudio de sus bronces
Authors: Illescas Díaz Laura
Published: December 2024

El arzobispo de Toledo Diego de Astorga y Céspedes (1720-1734) quiso dejar su impronta en la Catedral Primada mediante la promoción de una empresa artística destinada a iluminar de manera natural el sagrario. Tal cometido le fue confiado a Narciso Tomé, cuyo ingenio y delicado gusto dio como resultado uno de los testimonios más paradigmáticos del Barroco hispano: el Transparente. Esta circunstancia lo ha convertido en objeto de estudio de numerosas publicaciones, dedicadas, en su mayoría, a su escultura y pintura. No sucede así en el caso de los bronces. Con el propósito de subsanar este hecho, se ha llevado a cabo un nuevo rastreo documental gracias al cual se ha podido ahondar en el conocimiento de los autores, así como en el de los entresijos del proceso de ejecución, desde la firma de los primeros contratos hasta la entrega final de las piezas, además de su peso y los honorarios recibidos.
retablo mayor de las carmelitas descalzas de Malagón (Ciudad Real), obra de Narciso Tomé
Authors: Nicolau Castro Juan , Díaz Fernández Antonio José
Published: December 2024

En estas páginas se formula la hipótesis de una atribución al artista barroco Narciso Tomé (1694-1742) al considerar la alta calidad formal y técnica que hace del retablo mayor de la iglesia conventual de carmelitas descalzas de Malagón una obra excepcional en sí misma y una obra maestra de primer orden dentro de la historia del retablo barroco español del siglo XVIII.
repertorio francés de dibujos de joyas en la Biblioteca Nacional de España
Authors: Pérez Rufí María Isabel
Published: December 2024

En el presente artículo se analiza y data un repertorio francés de trazas de joyas conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de España, DIB/14/28. A través del análisis del álbum y los diseños que contiene se concluye una filiación estética cercana al Estilo Imperio y una datación en las dos primeras décadas del siglo XIX.
epitafio de Gabriel Zaporta en La Seo de Zaragoza. Vicisitudes, reconstrucción y significado
Authors: Fontana Elboj Gonzalo , Gómez Urdáñez Carmen
Published: December 2024

El propósito del presente trabajo es el de analizar el significado histórico del epitafio de la lauda del mercader aragonés de origen judío Gabriel Zaporta, pieza situada en su capilla funeraria de La Seo de Zaragoza. Debido a diversas vicisitudes, su texto latino se hallaba gravemente dañado y, de hecho, en un estado del todo ininteligible. Con todo, el examen de varias fotografías antiguas nos ha permitido reconstruirlo en su integridad y, de paso, integrarlo en el contexto biográfico del personaje.
How Non-Muslim Country Expand Its Halal Food to Muslim Country: The Study of South Korea in Indonesia During COVID-19
Authors: Assa'adah Vita Kamila , Maksum Ali
Published: December 2024

Tulisan ini mencoba membahas bagaimana Korea Selatan menggunakan pendekatannya untuk memajukan kepentingan nasional, khususnya dalam meningkatkan ekonominya melalui industri makanan halal, dengan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dan studi pustaka berbasis dokumen. Penulis mendasarkan penelitian ini pada teori gastrodiplomasi dan konsep industri Halal. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketika wabah Covid-19 melanda, Korea Selatan melakukan beberapa upaya untuk melindungi kepentingan nasionalnya dengan meningkatkan pengiriman produk Halal ke Indonesia. Bahwa produk Halal menimbulkan tantangan bagi hubungan diplomatik kedua negara. Salah satu langkah Korea Selatan dalam menghadapi hal ini adalah mempromosikan makanan halal di Indonesia melalui kerja sama dengan penyedia sertifikasi Halal dan K-Food Fair, telah diadakan sebelum wabah Covid-19. Kesimpulan ini signifikan karena, diplomasi memungkinkan Indonesia dan Korea Selatan untuk memperluas ekonomi mereka sambil menjaga hubungan yang positif.
Política, Religião e tensões sociais no Brasil
Authors: Barsalini Glauco
Published: December 2024

Lastreado em revisão bibliográfica histórico-sociológica e em pesquisas recentes em Ciências da Religião, este artigo apresenta, em perspectiva crítica, um traçado histórico das relações entre a política, a religião e as tensões sociais que marcaram o Brasil da segunda metade do século XX à atualidade.
La regulación del espacio religioso y el caso de los Testigos de Jehová en los primeros años de la dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1978)
Authors: Fabris Mariano David
Published: December 2024

Este artículo ofrece una lectura sobre los mecanismos de regulación del espacio religioso que se articularon durante la dictadura militar (1976-1983). Toma como eje de análisis el caso de los Testigos de Jehová, religión que presentaba una existencia irregular según los marcos legales establecidos por el Estado argentino ya que no contaba con personería jurídica ni estaba incluida en el Fichero de Culto creado a finales de la década de 1940. Esta “irregularidad” no era resultado de una negativa de la propia religión y sus organizaciones a tramitar su incorporación, sino al sistemático rechazo por parte de las oficinas de la Secretaría de Culto. Es verdad que la falta de reconocimiento no había constituido hasta entonces un obstáculo insalvable y para mediados de los setenta la religión contaba con una presencia destacada en el país a pesar de aquella irregularidad. Lo que proponemos reconstruir es cómo desde 1976 se inicia una ofensiva contra los Testigos de Jehová que va a incluir a la conducción política del “Proceso”, pero también a actores de la prensa general y a diversos agentes del Estado. A partir de este acercamiento podremos observar la diversidad de actores intervinientes en el proceso de regulación de la religión y las particularidades que adquirió en el marco de una dictadura militar.
Sobre cuadrados y rombos: Una introducción asequible a la lógica modal
Authors: Burrieza Alfredo , Yuste-Ginel Antonio
Published: December 2024

La lógica modal es un campo de investigación vivo que reúne a personas provenientes de disciplinas tan diversas como la filosofía, la lingüística, la matemática o las ciencias de la computación. Este libro pretende ser el primer manual en español y en acceso abierto sobre lógica modal básica proposicional. Se caracteriza por su enfoque introductorio, es decir, sirve como primer acercamiento al tema para cualquier persona con un trasfondo mínimo en lógica. Además, pretende ser didáctico, en tanto que intentamos cubrir los huecos explicativos que otros libros más avanzados suelen dejar.

La obra está estructurada en un prólogo, cinco capítulos y un apéndice. El prólogo contiene, además de una presentación del libro, unos preliminares formales. En el capítulo 1, introducimos los modos aléticos clásicos (lo necesario, lo posible, lo imposible y lo contingente) y su interdefinibilidad desde un punto de vista intuitivo. El lenguaje de la lógica modal proposicional, así como su semántica de mundos posibles quedan cubiertos en el capítulo 2. El capítulo 3 propone un acercamiento axiomático a algunas de las lógicas modales normales más conocidas. Los capítulos 4 y 5, independientes entre sí, recogen dos métodos distintos para demostrar la validez de argumentos modales. El capítulo 4 se centra en los tableaux modales, un método de demostración automático que permite además lidiar con la cuestión de la satisfacibilidad de conjuntos finitos de fórmulas. Por su parte, el capítulo 5, introduce cálculos de deducción natural (tipo Jaskowski/Fitch) para las lógicas estudiadas. El apéndice contiene las soluciones a todos los ejercicios propuestos a lo largo del libro.
Artificial intelligence and public governance models in socioeconomic welfare: some insights from Slovenia
Authors: MURKO Eva , BABŠEK Matej , ARISTOVNIK Aleksander
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in public
governance and its impact on socioeconomic welfare, focusing on Slovenian Social Work
Centres (SWCs). The objectives are to assess how AI applications align with governance
models such as (Neo)Weberian Bureaucracy, New Public Management (NPM), and Good
Governance, and to evaluate their effectiveness in promoting socioeconomic welfare.
Furthermore, the study aims to identify opportunities and risks associated with AI in public
governance and to provide policy recommendations for the ethical and effective integration
of AI. A mixed-methods approach is adopted, comprising a comprehensive literature review
to develop a theoretical framework, a cross-tabulation analysis of the European
Commission's dataset of 686 AI use cases in 27 EU Member States, and a case study of AI
implementation in Slovenian SWCs. This includes the analysis of administrative data from
2018–2022 on the e-Welfare platform and analysis of reports from Slovenian oversight
bodies such as the Court of Audit, the Administrative Inspection, and the Human Rights
Ombudsman. The results show that AI significantly improves administrative efficiency,
particularly in the areas of resource management, cost-effectiveness, and service quality,
which closely align with NPM principles. However, challenges remain in terms of
transparency and accountability, as AI systems are often not transparent, making oversight
difficult and jeopardising public trust, especially in the area of social welfare. The study
concludes that while AI has significant potential to improve public governance, appropriate
regulation and human oversight are essential to mitigate risks and ensure compliance with
governance principles. The study provides valuable insights into the role of AI in
administrative efficiency and is therefore relevant to policymakers, public officials, and
researchers aiming to leverage AI's benefits while ensuring ethical governance and equitable
socioeconomic outcomes.
Generative artificial intelligence, present and perspectives in public administration
Authors: ANDRONICEANU Armenia
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in public
administration, offering innovative solutions for efficiency and better public services. The
application of AI in public administration aims to modernise and streamline the services
offered to citizens. AI contains advanced algorithms, neural networks, and machine learning
techniques to improve performance and efficiency over time. Smart algorithms, responsibly
implemented, could help governments enhance service delivery and strengthen citizen
engagement in local, city, regional, and national administrations around the world.
Governments in some states have discreetly launched pilot programs to test developing AI
applications, demonstrating an enthusiasm for technology at least as great as that in the
private sector. By utilising AI, public administrations can automate repetitive processes,
optimize resource usage, and improve interaction with the public. The purpose of the research
is to show the extent and scope that AI tools integrated into organisations have in almost all
areas of the public and private sectors in general, and state administrations in particular. The
research objectives were: to analyse the dynamics of investments in AI tools; to discover the
main services in state administrations that can be better performed using AI; to analyse the
risks; and to highlight the perspective of development and integration of AI in public
administrations of a few European states. The research is based on a comparative analysis of
the implementation of AI tools across fields, components, and regions at the European level
mainly, but also for Romania. The analysis period is 2021-2030. The results show a
continuously increasing trend and an ever-faster rate of assimilation of AI tools in the field
of public administration in an increasing number of states from most developed regions
worldwide.
MULTICULTURALISM IDEOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BURCEK ART IN BUDAKELING VILLAGE, KARANGASEM, BALI
Authors: Yuni Astiti Rustiani Erwin , Suwitha I Putu Gede , Astiti Laksmi Ni Ketut Puji
Published: December 2024

Burcek art is a combination of Islamic Burdah and Balinese Cekepung in Budakeling Village which is full of multicultural values to convey the message of the importance of religious harmony. This research aims to dismantle the ideology of multiculturalism in Burcek art with a cultural studies approach. Data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and document study. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation and data verification, then interpretation was carried out using several critical theories. This research found that the development of Burcek art in Budakeling village was based on the spirit of multiculturalism. This spirit is what binds Hindus and Muslims in brotherhood which is represented through the Burcek art performance. The song lyrics displayed in Burcek art represent the importance of building religious harmony inherited in Budakeling Village. Overall, the collaboration in Burcek's art show also represents this ideology. Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that Burcek art be maintained and developed as a local Balinese culture that makes an important contribution to a multicultural society.
Keywords: multiculturalism, ideology, Burcek art, religious harmony
MAPPING INDONESIA’S INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AS A SCIENCE LEARNING CONTEXT IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL: A NEW PARADIGM
Authors: Arumning Tyas Rizki , Widhy Hastuti Purwanti , Rahayu Dita Puji
Published: December 2024

The integration of indigenous science into learning, especially science learning for junior high school students, is very necessary. Indigenous science can be used as a context and source for learning science. Mapping Indonesian’s indigenous science is needed to facilitate educators in utilizing and integrating into learning. This study aimed to: (1) analyze and identify junior high school science subject matter and (2) conduct analysis and identification of ethnoscience that is feasible and suitable to be used as a context for junior high school science learning. This research was conducted through literature studies with primary data sources in the form of junior high school science curriculum documents and secondary data sources in the form of documents, internet, books, proceedings, reputable international journals, international journals, and national journals. The stages of the research carried out are: (1) analyzing and identifying material in junior high school science subjects; (2) selecting and sorting material that has the potential to contain ethnoscience content; (3) make details of the subject matter, and (4) present the analysis result. This study succeeded in identifying 7 (seven) indigenous sciences along with their context and content in junior high school science materials, including: (1) Karapan Sapi Tradition from Madura, East Java; (2) Local Potential of Pottery Handicraft Center; (3) Traditional Dance "Lilin" from West Sumatra; (4) Local potential of "salted eggs" from Brebes, Central Java; (5) "Kayon" Puppet Performance Instrument; (6) Natural Potential "Belik" and (7) Dayak Traditional Clothing: King Bibinge and King Baba.
Keywords: Indigenous, Learning Process, Science Education Context.
The Subaltern and Failed Existential Resistance in Idrus’s Short Story “Kisah Sebuah Celana Pendek”
Authors: Waluyo Isnan , Rizal Muhammad , Perrodin David D.
Published: December 2024

This paper analyzes the short story "Kisah Sebuah Celana Pendek" by Idrus to uncover new interpretations regarding the representation of resistance carried out by colonial subjects or groups. The theoretical framework employed in this study is subaltern theory—an idea referring to groups considered voiceless or incapable of speaking—through a postcolonial critical reading inspired by Gayatri Spivak. The analysis method utilizes deconstruction to open up the possibility of generating new meanings from the discourse. The findings of this analysis reveal that there is resistance against colonial hegemonic power, as represented by Kusno, who stands as a figure of the subaltern. Interestingly, Kusno’s resistance is shaped by an existential inner struggle, manifesting as overt defiance and quiet resistance. Unfortunately, this resistance is ambivalent, as it simultaneously offers hope while exposing the subject’s powerlessness in facing reality. This, in turn, reaffirms the notion that the subaltern is perpetually trapped within the power hegemony.
Pewarisan Nilai-Nilai Tradisi Lisan Nyale dan Pasola dalam Masyarakat Sumba Bagian Barat: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra
Authors: Banda Maria Matildis , Mas Triadnyani I Gusti Agung Ayu
Published: December 2024

Nyale is a tradition of catching (picking up) sea worms. Pasola is a horse-drawn war between two groups of participants, throwing javelins to knock down their opponents. Nyale and pasola have been passed down from generation to generation in the western part of Sumba, especially in Southwest Sumba and West Sumba Regencies.  This tradition takes place in February and March every year. This unique tradition needs to be publicized through various platforms, so that the inheritance of values can be more widely known. One of them is changing the vehicle into literary works.  This article will explain the nature of nyale and pasola; Nyale and Pasola myths; and the inheritance of the Nyale and Pasola oral traditions through literary works. This question was answered through participatory qualitative field research and literature study. The theory used is the sociological theory of literature with the support of oral tradition theory, myth theory, and change form (vehicle transfer theory) theory. The results explain that nyale and pasola are traditions that underline the importance of honesty and expressing gratitude for the harvest. The meaning of nyale and pasola is living together to support traditions, the role of horses in pasola, the role of traditional elders, as well as various traditional wisdom as teachings of life. This idea about the meaning of nyale and pasola was then transferred into a literary work, the novel Pasola.
Acute pancreatitis management, compare the results of non-aggressive versus aggressive intravenous hydration
Authors: Alanazi Mazi , Alharthi Abdulrahman , Alosaimi Muath , Alanazi Ziyad , Alanazi Abdulkarim , Alhajeri Ziyad , Shalwan Mohammed , Asiri Mohammed , Alanazi Abdullah , Almania Mashael , Alshaer Fahad , Alharbi Reem
Published: December 2024

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most prevalent and dangerous gastrointestinal disorders that cause hospitalizations worldwide. In this comprehensive review of randomized control trials, the benefits and side effects of intravenous (IV) hydration treatment strategies for AP were reported and compared. This systematic review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The search was restricted to English-language papers and searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase from the year 2017 to 2024 for relevant randomized control trials. Key terms were AP, normal saline, Lactated Ringer's solution, hydration, and aggressive. Four publications were included in this systematic review. The aggressive IV hydration group did not exhibit any greater clinical improvement than the non-aggressive IV hydration group, according to two of the included articles, which comprised 104 patients with mild pancreatitis. Severe AP acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores improved much more in the IV aggressive hydration group than in the non-aggressive group, according to the results of the included articles. Another research that included AP patients found that the vigorous IV hydration group had a greater incidence of sepsis compared to the IV non-aggressive hydration group. However, in the group receiving intensive IV hydration, only patients with severe pancreatitis had sepsis risk; those with a mild form of the disease did not. In both severe and mild AP, aggressive IV hydration raised the risk of fluid-related morbidity and mortality.
1916-1917 Dersaadet Telefon Rehberinin Tanıtımı ve Osmanlı İletişim Ağı Dahilindeki Önemi
Authors: Tuna Serhat Aras
Published: December 2024

Dünyadaki ilk telefon rehberi 1878 yılında New Heaven’da bir karton şeklinde basılmıştır. Abonelerin isimlerini içermenin yanı sıra telefon kullanım kılavuzu görevini üstlenen rehberlerin sayıları ve içerikleri zamanla zenginleşmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde telefon rehberi geleneği 1913 yılına kadar götürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada yapılan arşiv taramasında elde edilen 1916-1917 tarihli beşinci baskıya ait İstanbul telefon rehberi incelenmiştir. Telefon kullanma kılavuzu, şirket kuralları ve birtakım bilgilerden sonra rehber, sırasıyla padişah, hanedan mensupları, devlet erkanı, nezaretler ve daireler ile esnaf, tüccar, banker gibi abonelerin telefon numaralarını içermiştir. Sayfaların bir kısmında çeşitli işyerleri ve markaların reklamlarına yer verilmiştir. Rehber Osmanlı Türkçesi ve Fransızca olarak basılmıştır. Telefon görüşmelerinde Fransızcanın kullanımı Osmanlı son dönemindeki milli cereyanlara dair fikirler elde etmeyi de mümkün kılmaktadır.
Rehberde yer alan bilgiler, o dönemdeki İstanbul'un ekonomik faaliyetleri, sosyal ilişkileri ve ticaret ağları hakkında önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu rehberin tanıtımı ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Telefon aboneliğine dair mevzuatlar, ilanlar, kullanım kılavuzu ve telefon rehberinde isim düzenleme sistemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Böylece Osmanlı dönemi telefon rehberlerinin bilişim teknolojisine katkısı ve toplumsal dönüşümdeki etkisi incelenmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Rehber aynı zamanda İstanbul özelinde birçok fonksiyonu itibariyle kent tarihi çalışmalarına katkı sunabilecek özelliktedir. Çalışmada telefonun Osmanlı serüveni ve dünyada telefon rehberlerinin önemine değinildikten sonra 1916-1917 Dersaadet telefon rehberi incelenmiştir.
Occurrence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Taha Aza Bahadeen
Published: December 2024

The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among community-acquired uropathogens represents an important therapeutic challenge. Henceforth, the purpose of the study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among community-acquired urinary tract infections and then identify the risk factors. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from patients with symptomatic community-acquired urinary tract infections. The ESBL-producing and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were then performed using the broth microdilution technique. Among 826 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae uropathogens, 17.43% were found to be ESBL producers. According to logistic regression analysis, the risk factors for ESBL-producing community-acquired urinary tract infections are urinary tract infections in the preceding 6 months and recurrent urinary tract infections. All ESBL producers were sensitive to meropenem, followed by imipenem (98.61%), amikacin sulfate (90.28%), and nitrofurantoin (80.56%). Significant ESBL-positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified which were found to be associated with recurrent UTIs. Meropenem was effective against both ESBL-positive and -negative bacteria.
Oral Toxicity of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles, MgO NPs on Liver in Male Rats
Authors: Shafiq Ayser Abdullah , Luaib Noori Mohammed , Mahdi Raghad Harbi , Alsaimary Ihsan Edan
Published: December 2024

Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that has led to the nanomedicine development, which involves nanoparticles that exist in the natural world. Nanoparticle is an ultrafine unit with dimensions measured in nanometers. They are created as a result of human activities, and have recently been used in various biomedical applications, consumer products, and commercially, etc. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs), among the known metal oxides, have attracted a vast scientific interest. Therefore, human health can be at risk of continuous exposure. However, the toxic effects of MgO NPs should be assessed with their increased applications. The present study aimed to investigate the physiological and histological, alterations induced by the MgO nanoparticles in hepatocytes of male rats through oral route with (250, and 1000) mg/kg for (14, 28, and 56) days. Fifty-four male mature rats, (2.5 - 3 months old) were divided randomly into nine groups of six rats each, gavaged with MgO NPs (which were purchased from US Research Nanomaterials, Inc). The results obtained revealed highly significant increase (p<0.01) in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin. The histopathological examinations showed sinusoidal dilatation, atrophy of hepatocytes, depletion of glycoprotein, focal area of necrosis, inflammatory cells infiltration and apoptosis. MgO NPs demonstrated potential harm to liver tissue, and human health.
Detection of Bacterial Pollution from School Drinking Water Tanks in the Habbaniyah District West of Iraq
Authors: Najeeb Laith Muslih , Shartooh Sufyan Mohammed , Yaqob Haidar Kadhum
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the bacterial contamination in drinking water tanks from 20 randomly distributed primary schools in Habbaniyah district. The most probable number and the total plate count methods were used to determine the numbers of coliform, fecal coliform, streptococci and fecal streptococci. Chemical and physical properties of the water were measured, including residual chlorine, total dissolved solids, temperature and pH. Biochemical methods were used to detect various bacterial species contaminating the water samples and the results were confirmed using the VITEK 2 compact system. High levels of bacterial contamination were indicated. The highest value of coliform numbers reached 12 cells/100 ml. The total plate count recorded the highest values reaching 300 cells/ml. The concentration of residual chlorine was very low or non-detectable in most of samples below the required concentration and the concentrations of total dissolved solids exceeded the permissible limit (855 mg/L). The genetic relationship between environmental isolates of Escherichia coli bacteria from tank water and clinical isolates from children’s health centers were also studied. The results for Escherichia coli demonstrated a similarity ratio between environmental and clinical isolates of 64% by using dendrogram and Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR. Nevertheless, this study recommends the need to monitor drinking water quality that supplies these reservoirs, as well as to prevent and treat problems that result in drinking water contamination and the spread of diseases.
Green Porous Composite for Combining Ion Exchange-Adsorptive Removal of Zinc Ions from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Ibrahim Nargis H. , Al-Jubouri Sama M.
Published: December 2024

A low-cost, effective green porous composite was prepared and used for the sorption of Zn+2 ions from aqueous solutions. The effect of contact time, sorbent dosage, initial ion concentration, solution pH, and temperature on the sorption of Zn+2 ions was investigated. The results showed higher removal efficiency of Zn+2 ions (83%), which was achieved at a contact time of 120 minutes, a normal pH of 6.4, and a temperature of 313 K. The Langmuir isotherm model successfully described the experimental results of the sorption process with a theoretical maximum sorption capacity of 4.819 mg/g. The kinetics of sorption showed that the pseudo-second-order model fitted the experimental results better than the pseudo-first-order model. The intra-particle diffusion kinetics indicated that the boundary film was the rate-determining step of the sorption process. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the sorption of Zn+2 ions was spontaneous and endothermic under the studied conditions. The solidification of spent composite by kaolin was able to keep the leachate cations at an acceptable level in the solution after 12 weeks of exposure to a salty medium.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Oxazolidine and Thiazolidine Derivatives and Study of their Antioxidants Activity
Authors: Damdoom Wasan K. , Al-Jeilawi Oday H. R.
Published: December 2024

In this work, the preparation of some new oxazolidine and thiazolidine derivatives has been conducted. This was done over two steps; the first step included the synthesis of Schiff bases A1-A5 in 72-88% yields by the condensation of isonicotinic acid hydrazide and aldehydes. The second step includes the cyclization of derivatives A1-A5 with glycolic acid and thioglycolic acid to obtain the desired products, oxazolidine derivatives B1-B5 (44-60% yields) and thiazolidine derivatives C1-C5 (41-61% yields), respectively. The structure of the prepared compounds was characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Some of the produced compounds were tested for antioxidant properties.
A New COVID-19 Patient Detection Strategy Based on Hidden Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Ameen Zainab Haider , AL-Bakri Nadia F. , Al-zubidi Azhar F. , Hashim Soukaena Hassan , Jaaz Zahraa A.
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 is a universal infectious disease recognized first by people with influenza and bacterial pneumonia symptoms in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Currently, a new mutated disease has the same symptoms as COVID-19 and influenza and causes dangerous infections in the body. Due to the fact that these two diseases share some diagnostic features and symptoms in common with one another, healthcare workforces require aid and support in predicting patients' conditions. This was done by using machine learning methods in diagnosis. From this point, this paper proposes a diagnostic model to detect patients' symptoms and classify them into one of five disease groups, utilizing Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) as a feature selection method and the Hidden Naïve Bayes (HNB) method as a multiclass classifier. This paper suggests the model consists of two significant phases: the pre-processing phase (cleaning, normalization, and discretization) and the classification phase. Conducting the COVID-19 dataset, the experimental findings showed that the suggested multi-class model had 89% accuracy for disease diagnoses. Furthermore, according to the patient’s symptoms, the proposed classification model led to a good diagnosis for the mutated COVID-19 disease.
Gender Classification Based on Iraqi Names Using Machine Learning
Authors: Hallawi Huda , Almukhtar Ahmed F , Nasrawi Dhamyaa A. , Salah Ali Durr , Faisal Tariq Zaid
Published: December 2024

In machine learning, the classification task is about building a model to predict a class of elements based on their attributes and set of examples. This work aims to classify people based on their names. Two models were developed; the former is based on a single feature that is represented by a name. Whereas the latter is built upon nine features derived from the name itself, which are: is_longname, is_vowelend, is_vowelbegin, 2_gramend, 2_grambegin, 1_gramend, 1_grambegin, is_contain_abo, and is_contain_abed. Furthermore, two datasets were utilized: the first was collected from the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, while the second was gathered from the Iraqi university website. There are a lot of strange IRAQI names in two datasets, as well as spelling errors, which represent a real challenge in the classification process. Five machine learning methods were applied and tested within the developed models, including Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Multilayer Perceptron, and Extreme Gradient Boost. Ultimately, the experimental results demonstrate an increase in accuracy when applying the model to the original dataset, which includes names and their frequencies. The Multilayer Perceptron has achieved 97% accuracy in one feature model, while the Extreme Gradient Boost has achieved 97% accuracy in the multi-feature model. On the other hand, the results do not exceed 79% when the models are applied to the unique dataset (names without their frequencies).
Green Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets using Iraqi Rhus coriaria (L.) Fruits Extract and a Study of Its Anticancer Activity
Authors: Kadhim Amenah Salim , Al-Ali Zainab Shakir Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Ethyl acetate was used to extract bioactive compounds from the fruits of the Iraqi sumac plant Rhus coriaria. This sumac fruit extract was then utilized as a natural reducing agent to convert graphene oxide into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets through a green synthesis method. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the ethyl acetate sumac fruit extract identified phytochemicals that likely facilitated the biosynthesis of the rGO nanosheets. The biosynthesized EERCF-rGO was characterized by using UV-Vis 234 nm. FTIR spectrum was used to know functional groups of EERCF-rGO, XRD spectra of EERCF-rGO displayed sized at 26.91 nm, Raman spectra of EERCF-rGO showed D peak at (1335 cm-1) and a G peak at (1592 cm-1). The morphology of EERCF-rGO was determined using FESEM, which offers plates shape. Also, the TEM of EERCF-rGO showed a size at 12 nm. The biosynthesized of EERCF-rGO appeared to have anticancer activity in vitro cytotoxicity by MTT assay, IC50 is (189.67 μg/mL) against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. The use of biological extracts as reducing agents to produce reduced graphene oxide is an inexpensive, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly approach. The reduced graphene oxide biosynthesized using extracts from the fruits of the Iraqi Rhus coriaria plant demonstrated anticancer properties. This method of green synthesis and the resulting anticancer biomaterial show potential for further development.
Using of Extracted Tannin from the Bark of Gray Avicennia Marina (Avicennia Marina) and Cordia Myxa (Cordia Myxa) Trees as Corrosion Green Inhibitors for Carbon Steel Alloy in Acidic Media.
Authors: AL-Tememi Muhand K. , Hammood Ahmed Y. , Al-Sawaad Hadi Z
Published: December 2024

This study evaluated the corrosion inhibiting properties of natural tannins extracted from gray Avicennia marina bark and Cordia myxa bark for carbon steel alloys. Such alloys are widely used in shipbuilding construction where corrosion poses challenges. Tannin extracts were tested as green inhibitors across varying concentrations in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solution, a corrosive medium. Trials were conducted at different temperature parameters to determine the inhibition efficiencies. The amount of hydrogen gas released over time was quantified to compare corrosion rates in the absence and presence of tannin inhibitors. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models for adsorption were also studied, as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic functions, where the change in free energy and activation energy were calculated. The results of the study showed a promising possibility to use the compounds under study as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel with high efficiency up to more than 83% at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. The results showed an increase in the free energy change (ΔGcorro) values for the corrosion reaction in the presence of the inhibitors under study compared to corrosion in the absence of inhibitors, The free energy change (ΔGcorro) values at 25 degrees Celsius were (184.4538, 184.9246, 111.9616) kJ.mol-1 in the presence of the Avicennia marina inhibitor, Cordia myxa inhibitor and blank) consecutively. As a result, the speed of the corrosion reaction will decrease in the presence of inhibitors.
Education on Adolescent Reproductive Health at MTsS Thawalib Pesantren Padang
Authors: Yenti Melisa , Hidayat Ahmad , Novriani Bella , Melati Arni , Larasati Novia
Published: December 2024

Adolescents are faced with many problems related to reproductive health, so adolescents need to know to be able to face these challenges. However, the knowledge of adolescents in Indonesia is still low, especially in terms of ways to protect themselves against reproductive health risks, such as preventing unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, and AIDS. The provision of education needs to be done to address adolescent reproductive health problems. Educational activities related to reproductive health at MTsS Pesantren Thawalib Padang have never been conducted. The students MTsS are the right target group to be able to provide information related to reproductive health. The objective of this service activity is to enhance students' understanding of reproductive health, enabling them to cultivate a positive and responsible approach when addressing the sexual and reproductive changes that transpire within them. The approach employed involves student outreach and the placement of informative posters in their dormitories. The augmentation in students' knowledge was assessed using a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions before and after the activity. Data analysis was conducted through a paired sample t-test, a statistical method that compares the means of two related groups to determine if there is a significant difference between them. After the activity was carried out, there was an increase in the average level of knowledge before (pre-test), 40.63 to 49.76 after (post-test), providing education with a p-value of 0.000. It can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge after adolescent reproductive health education. It is hoped that students can access reproductive health information from the posters displayed on the dormitory walls.
Disaster Mitigation Training for Disaster Preparedness Groups in Batang Arau Village, South Padang Sub-District, Padang City
Authors: Augia Trisfa , Basgoro Muhammad Ilham , Satriya Muhammad Agung , Amanda Nabilla Putri , Fatia Nur , Maharani Dalilla Ziva , Martfida Rahmi , Rona Mufidah , Mahirah Lathifah , Chaerani Ufi , Ferdin Vania Nabila , Pulungan Cindy Amalia , Zaafarani Nabiha , Putra Afadhil Arnandes , Sari Intan Puspita , Jusri Syahlan Alif Pratama
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is a disaster-prone region because it is located in the Ring of Fire and at the confluence of four tectonic plate faults: the Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Philippine Sea, and Pacific plates. A disaster is an event that cannot be predicted in terms of its arrival and impact but can be reduced in terms of risk. Community preparedness related to disasters needs to be improved because of the risk of disasters that can threaten the lives and livelihoods of people affected by disasters. Padang City is one of the coastal areas in West Sumatra Province with the risk of disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides because one of the factors is its geographical condition, which is located in a potential natural disaster area. Therefore, preparedness training is needed to help people who live in disaster-prone areas cope with and reduce disaster risks. This disaster preparedness and mitigation training was held on 8 November 2023 at the Batang Arau Village Office, Padang Selatan District, Padang City. The conclusion obtained after the implementation of this activity is the community's insight into the importance of being prepared and mitigating disasters that have the potential to occur in residential areas.
Education the Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Sexual Violence Against Children in Primary School 14 Gurun Laweh, Padang
Authors: Markolinda Yessy , Iqbal Wira , Ramadani Mery , Yusya Fitri , Rafdi Hanifah Aulia
Published: December 2024

Media sosial telah menciptakan peluang bagi anak-anak untuk menjadi korban perundungan, pelecehan seksual, dan tindakan kejahatan lainnya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pendidikan kepada anak usia sekolah tentang dampak media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental dan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di SDN 14 Gurun Laweh, Kota Padang. Metode awal yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini  adalah pre-test, selanjutnya penyampaian materi tentang bagaimana cara mengatasi dampak negatif perkembangan media sosial, terutama terhadap kesehatan mental, dan pencegahan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan post-test untuk menilai pengetahuan setelah menerima penyuluhan tentang dampak media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental dan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Berdasarkan uji perbedaan rata-rata setelah menerima penyuluhan siswa menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada tiga indikator meliputi  pengetahuan sosial media (p value=0,001) , sikap dan tindakan (p value=0,001) serta kesehatan mental dan kekerasan seksual (p value=0,001). Langkah preventif dan intervensi penting dilakukan untuk melindungi anak-anak dari risiko kejahatan. Edukasi yang tepat kepada anak-anak, orang tua, dan masyarakat umum tentang cara menggunakan media sosial dengan bijak dan aman menjadi kunci dalam mencegah terjadinya kekerasan seksual dan mengurangi dampak negatifnya terhadap kesehatan mental anak.
Building Basic Life Skills in Students of SMAN 2 Padang Panjang
Authors: Puspasari Dwi , Afriyeni Nelia , Oktari Siska , Sari Liliyana , Armalita Rani , Rahayuningsih Tri , Ridwan Helyuza , Danur Armen
Published: December 2024

Students are one group of individuals who are in adolescent development. Adolescence is the stage of human development between childhood and adulthood. Growth and development are also felt in adolescence, including cognitive, personality, social, and physical development. Adolescence is the next generation of the nation's struggle and has a vital role in the nation's survival. Thus, various skills are needed in adolescents to face the development and challenges that lie ahead. One of the things that can be done is to provide debriefing related to essential life skills. Debriefing is done through training activities to increase students' knowledge of essential life skills. The participants of this activity were 27 students of SMAN 2 Padang Panjang. Training activities are packaged through applicative, interactive, and simple games that illustrate essential life skills—measurement of knowledge in students using an open-ended questionnaire that refers to essential life skills. After receiving training, we observed an increase in grades/scores in students, which was measured through a pre- and post-training assessment of their understanding and application of the essential life skills.
Screening for the Risk Level of Cardiovascular Disease in the Community in Nagari Sungai Buluh Selatan
Authors: Huriani Emil , Mailani Fitri , Muliantino Mulyanti Roberto , Muthia Rahmi , Simandalahi Tiurmaida , Rahman Dally
Published: December 2024

Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyakit penyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi yang dapat dicegah ataupun diturunkan risiko terjadinya. Namun, masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak mengetahui pentingnya menentukan tingkat risiko penyakit kardiovaskular dan tidak mengetahui upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada dirinya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan, mengidentifikasi faktor risiko dan menentukan tingkat risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada masyarakat di Nagari Sungai Buluh Selatan, Kecamatan Batang Anai, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Sumatera Barat. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi pemeriksaan kesehatan, penentuan tingkat risiko penyakit dan edukasi individual tentang menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk penentuan tingkat risiko adalah Skor Kardiovaskular Jakarta. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa 44,8% masyarakat memiliki tingkat risiko sedang untuk menderita penyakit kardiovaskular. Diharapkan kepada puskesmas untuk melakukan skrining tingkat risiko dan edukasi pengurangan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular sebagai kegiatan terencana dan terstruktur agar dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam pencegahan dan penurunan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular.
Upaya Peningkatan Imunitas Tubuh Masyarakat Kampung Rancasalak-Cimaung dengan Edukasi PHBS dan Pemanfaatan Toga
Authors: Juanda Dadang , Pahlevi Muhamad Reza , Selifiana Nita , Sukmawati Ika Kurnia , Aligita Widhya
Published: December 2024

Body immunity for a worker major role in providing optimal performance in their work. Good immunity can be obtained by implementing PHBS and consuming herbs which are known to increase immunity. This activity is carried out in order to improve the quality of health in order to improve the quality of people in carrying out their activities, especially work. Community service activities will be carried out on November 13, 2023 to November 20, 2023. Activities include promotional efforts such as providing education about Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) and medicinal plants to increase immunity, moreover providing tutorials on how to process instant granules from TOGA. The results of the pre & post-test scores provide an illustration that there is an increase in understanding of PHBS and TOGA. It is hoped that the information provided will have a positive impact on the health of the UMKM cracker and chips workers in Kampung Rancasalak.
COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA AS MULHERES: AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS DA LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Araujo Aline Borges de
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar como a legislação brasileira vem sendo aprimorada no sentido de promover o combate à violência e a proteção das mulheres. A análise partiu da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos; a Convenção da Mulher, sob decreto 89.460 de 1984; a Constituição Federal de 1988; Decreto nº 1.973 de 1996 e a Lei Ordinária nº 11.340/2006, batizada de Lei Maria da Penha (LMP). Foi possível observar os avanços e desafios na constituição e implementação das legislações brasileiras que visam o combate à violência contra as mulheres. Conclui-se que a Educação como forma de prevenção é o melhor caminho para o combate à violência contra as mulheres, a redução dos índices de violência e uma mudança permanente da cultura.