bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effectiveness of enzyme preparations to improve the quality characteristics of brewing barley malt
Authors: Karpenko Dmitry , Matveev Sergei , Morenkov Nikolai , Morozov Dmitrii
Published: February 2025

The feasibility and effectiveness of using a multienzyme composition to improve the quality characteristics of brewing barley malt was assessed. It included the enzyme preparations ViscoSEB HTX, SEBPro XL and SEBrew AT Plus. Enzyme treatment was carried out at the steeping stage, using a solution of a mixture of the above enzyme preparations as the last steeping water. The quality of freshly sprouted malt was assessed by determining the moisture content and amylolytic capacity. It was found that the use of the multienzyme composition ensured the values of the controlled characteristics of the experimental variant at the control level or higher. The greatest increase under the experimental conditions was recorded for the amylolytic capacity - by 23% compared to the control. It was found that the extractivity of freshly sprouted malt in the experimental variant increased by 4%. It was determined that the percentage of sprouted grains and the content of amino nitrogen in the experimental and control samples were almost equal. Based on the presented data, a conclusion was made about the prospects of using the multienzyme composition of the specified composition to improve the quality indicators of barley brewing malt and the advisability of continuing research in the chosen direction.
Combined effects of heavy metals and drought in the early stages of sunflower ontogenesis
Authors: Nazarova Natalia , Fedorova Darya , Galaktionova Lyudmila , Terekhova Nadezhda , Yudin Alexander
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of a study on the effect of various soil moisture supply conditions and increasing concentrations of the most common agricultural soil pollutants - cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on the growth of Helianthus annuus L. 'Poseidon 625' seedlings. It was found that Cd absorption by seedlings under soil moisture deficiency conditions increases compared to sufficient watering conditions, while Pb absorption decreases. It was determined that simulating drought conditions with an osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose) prevents the growth of the aboveground part of seedlings and activates the growth of the root system. It was shown that under the influence of various cadmium concentrations in the soil, the development of the root system of 8-day-old seedlings is blocked, but active development of adventitious roots of the "goose foot" type is observed, which contributes to the adsorption and accumulation of Cd2+ in the phytomass. It was found that maximum concentrations of lead suppress the growth of both the main and adventitious roots of sunflower seedlings and simultaneously stimulate the growth of their above-ground part, which probably indicates the activation of the storage function of the stem, as the next line of defense of seedlings from the damaging effects of combined stress.
Analysis of morphobiological response of potato plants to treatment with silicon dioxide and molybdenum nanoparticles
Authors: Mushinskiy Alexander , Saudabaeva Aliya , Vasilyeva Tatyana , Fomin Sergey , Panfilov Alexander
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of the effect of treating tubers and above-ground parts of the Kuzovok potato variety with SiO2 and Mo nanoparticles on morphometric parameters and biochemical composition. It was found that treating seed potato tubers with SiO2 0.18, Mo 0.045 g/kg increased germination energy on the 6th day regardless of the nanoparticle ratio (18 %, 13 % and 10 %, respectively). The concentration of SiO2 0.18 g/kg and Mo 0.045 g/kg excludes long-term pre-planting light germination (vernalization) for 15-20 days. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers treated with Mo nanoparticles showed an increase in dry matter content (1.27 times at a concentration of 1 and 2 mg/m2), starch (1.4 times at a concentration of 2 mg/m2) and reduced sugars (2.6 times at a concentration of 4 mg/m2). The highest potato yield (8.6 t/ha) was observed with combined treatment (tubers SiO2 0.18 g/kg + Mo 0.045 g/kg and plants SiO2 18 mg/m2 + Mo 4 mg/m2), 21.8 % more than the control. Combined treatment reduced the incidence of tubers with stolon rot and common scab.
Innovative technologies used in the fight against infections in agriculture
Authors: Zabolockaya Tatiayna , Shtaufen Alexandra , Goncharova Anna , Saroyan Sergey
Published: February 2025

The study considers a new approach to disinfection of livestock buildings - by creating an aerosol using portable systems (cold fog generators). The preparation "AlcoPerit" was chosen as a disinfectant, which has proven high antimicrobial activity against most pathogenic microorganisms, including those in spore form. This agent, in view of its safety for the macroorganism (humans and animals), can be used in the presence of animals, which in some cases can be the most important aspect. The work was carried out in a cowshed, poultry house and on a pig farm. The agent was aerosolized using both stationary systems - ULV System 57360A2 sprayer and portable cold fog generators. As a result of the work carried out, it was found that it is the latter method that can be considered innovative - portable systems are easy to move, such treatment does not require highly qualified personnel, and a correctly selected disinfectant allows for high-quality disinfection in almost any conditions, including in the presence of animals.
Arabinoxylan content in grain of winter triticale varieties compared to other cereals
Authors: Ponomareva Mira , Ponomarev Sergei , Mannapova Gulnaz , Gilmullina Liliya , Garaeva Nazlygul
Published: February 2025

The content of arabinoxylans (AX) in meal and flour fractions of modern winter triticale varieties was evaluated, and the content of total arabinoxylans, water-soluble arabinoxylans (WSAX), and water extract viscosity (WWE) in triticale was analyzed in comparison with other cereals, including winter soft wheat, spring soft wheat, spring durum wheat, and winter rye. The meanWSAX in winter triticale varieties was 0.90%, with moderate inter-variety differences. The average WSAX content was found to be three times higher in triticale varieties than in winter wheat, 3.6 times higher than in spring soft wheat, and 4.5 times higher than in spring durum wheat, which cultivated under the same environmental conditions. Significant variability in content AXand WWE was observed between genotypes of winter triticale, as well as between triticale and its parental species. It was found that modern triticale varieties exhibit an AX and viscosity profile that is significantly more similar to wheat than to rye. AX content of the studied winter triticale varieties occupies an intermediate position in relation to wheat and rye, with notable inter-variety differences. The results obtained can be utilized in the production of nutritional fodder and in fodder production and livestock production.
Comparative analysis of organic fertilizers of different origins
Authors: Galaktionova Lyudmila
Published: February 2025

Reproduction of soil fertility under conditions of intensive land use is associated with the use of ameliorants. The decrease in livestock and the resulting deficit of manure as a traditional organic fertilizer have set the task of obtaining fertilizers based on the processing of organic waste. Therefore, an important scientific task is to assess their chemical composition and the effectiveness of their impact on crops. In a model experiment with biohumus "AgroVerm", a fertilizer obtained by fermentation of organic residues, and the effluent "Samorod", the effect of the chemical composition of fertilizers on the vital, morphometric and biochemical parameters of Tríticum aestivum L. was assessed. The results of the study of the chemical composition of humic fertilizers showed their similar mineral composition with a predominance of K, Si, Cl, Cu and Ca. The proportion of free humic acids in the biohumus and bioorganic fertilizer exceeded the same indicator in the effluent by 4 and 3 times, respectively. The analysis of IR spectra of organic fertilizers indicates a significant diversity of functional groups in the vermicompost sample and bioorganic fertilizer. At the same time, the maximum values of germination were noted for the variant of application of the preparation "AgroVerm", and morphometric indicators for bioorganic fertilizer and the preparation "Samorod". The highest values of tolerance indices were observed in the variant of using the preparation "Samorod". Determination of the pigment content showed that all organic fertilizers increased the content of carotenoids, chlorophyll a and b. The results of the study indicate that these fertilizers have practical significance and can be recommended for use in industrial crop production.
The influence of genotypic and paratypic factors on the intestinal microbiome of quails
Authors: Mostofina Alexandra , Skvortsova Elena , Filinskaya Oksana
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the features of the gastrointestinal tract microbiome of white Texas quails using various probiotic preparations and the relationship between immune genes and its biodiversity. The highest biodiversity was found in the quails of the first group, which were kept on the main feeding ration. Among the experimental groups, the highest biodiversity was demonstrated by the groups that were given the probiotics "Em-Kurunga" and "Yarosil" with water (0.6 ml/kg). Birds with all the studied immune genes have a higher biodiversity of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract.
Antibacterial activity of rhizosphere pseudomonads against economically significant phytopathogens
Authors: Valyshev Alexander
Published: February 2025

The work determined the antimicrobial activity of two pseudomonad species (Pseudomonas protegens, P. aeruginosa) isolated from the rhizosphere of wild plants in the Orenburg region. It was found that the studied strains suppress the growth of the most significant phytopathogens (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Pseudomonas syringae, Xanthomonas campestris) to varying degrees. It was found that the P. protegens 1 strain inhibits the growth of all the studied bacteria, indicating a large set of antagonism factors. It was found that P. aeruginosa strains differ in the severity of antagonism to phytopathogens. The study revealed new potential candidates for creating agents to combat bacterial pathogens in plants.
The influence of grazing load of different intensity on the state of zoo-microbial complex in the soils of Tuva dry steppes
Authors: Yakutin Mikhail V. , Andrievskii Vladislav S.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of a study of the features of the transformation of various components of the zoo-microbial complex during long-term use of the steppe ecosystem as a pasture under a strong load compared to pasture areas under a weak load. It was revealed that various components of the zoo-microbial complex are characterized by fundamentally different reactions to such a widespread anthropogenic factor in the steppe zone as grazing load. It was determined that when the constant grazing load changes from weak to strong, a reliable increase in the C-biomass of microorganisms occurs. It was found that areas of dry steppe that have been under a weak grazing load for a long time are characterized by significantly higher quantitative indicators of oribatid mite communities, such as species richness and total abundance, compared to an area of the dry steppe ecosystem that has been under a strong grazing load for a long time. As a result of the conducted acarological analysis, the statement is substantiated that under a weak but stable load, the oribatid communities have a moderately high number, while under a strong grazing load, the oribatid community is in a depressed state. The conclusion is presented that the indicators of soil microbial biomass, number and species richness of oribatid mites can be successfully used in the practice of environmental monitoring of steppe ecosystems under varying grazing loads.
Analysis of the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of the composite mixture of Macadamia ternifolia nut oil and Opuntia ficus indica L. cactus seeds and its application in medical practice
Authors: Lyashchuk Yulia , Ovchinnikov Alexey , Samarin Gennady , Ruzin Semyon , Novak Alexandra , Sankin Anton
Published: February 2025

The paper considers the results of the analysis of the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of the composite mixture of Macadamia ternifolia nut oil and Opuntia ficus indica L. cactus seed oil. The study showed that combining these oils into a single composition provides a mechanism of complex antibacterial action tested on four typical test strains of bacterial cultures. Biologically active properties of the composite mixture of macadamia nut oil and prickly pear cactus seed oil are largely due to their fatty acid and antioxidant composition. In veterinary practice, this mixture can be used to treat dermatological diseases and improve the general condition of the integumentary tissues of farm animals during the rehabilitation of wound defects and traumatic injuries. One of the areas of application of the experimental mixture of Macadamia ternifolia nut oil and Opuntia ficus indica L. cactus seed oil is the prevention and treatment of traumatic tissue damage to the udder of lactating cows, caused by exposure to unfavorable factors during machine milking.
The influence of Gaprin on the dynamics of live weight, digestibility of nutrients in young sterlet
Authors: Safonov Yaroslav , Agapova Vasilina , Randelin Dmitry , Agapov Sergey
Published: February 2025

In the work carried out on the territory of VolGAU in the center for breeding valuable sturgeon species, the effect of the microbial protein Gaprin introduced into the diets of experimental fish was studied on young sterlet grown in the RAS system. The data obtained as a result of the study in individuals of the experimental groups that were fed feeds with microbial protein and its partial replacement of fish meal in the percentage ratio of 25% / 75%, 50% / 50%, 75% / 25% were analyzed. A positive effect of Gaprin on the dynamics of live weight, absolute, relative and average daily gains, morphometric parameters of the body and survival of aquatic organisms was determined empirically. A pattern was revealed in the experimental groups associated with a decrease in the feed coefficient and an increase in ichthyomass as the proportion of microbial protein introduced into aquafeeds for sturgeons increased. Samples of stool from experimental young sterlet were examined for residual amino acid content and chemical composition. It was found that Gaprin does not have a negative effect on the digestibility of nutrients from feed and the healthy functioning of the gastrointestinal tract of aquatic organisms.
Bio Synthesis of Copper oxide Nanoparticles from Jatropha Curcas Leaf Extract and Their Antibacterial Activity Study
Authors: Al Mazroui Mallak Mohammed Sarahan , Devi Geetha , Al Abdali Anwar Mohammed Ali Hamed , Al Alawi Sultan Majid Khalfan
Published: February 2025

Ecofriendly and cost effective technologies in the synthesis of nanomaterials are receiving special attention due to their wide range of applications in environmental remediation, medicine, and bio sensing. Green nanotechnology has emerged as a novel scientific research in the synthesis of nanoparticles by a simple, cost effective and ecofriendly manner. The current research focused on the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles employing environmentally friendly and sustainable technique using Jatropha curcas leaf extract as reducing and capping agents. The synthesized nano particles were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis. The fabricated nanoparticles were successfully employed in the antibacterial activity study by disc diffusion technique. The green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles showed excellent antibacterial activity.
Treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals with bioadsorbent
Authors: Shirinova D.B. , Islamov S.N. , Djavadova X.A. , Bagirova N.N. , Huseynova M.A. , Abdullaeva K.S.
Published: February 2025

The article presents a process for cleaning heavy metals (Cu and Zn ions) discharged into water bodies with banana peel waste. A comparative analysis of a bi-adsorbent made from banana peel waste and a traditional adsorbent, activated carbon, was performed. It was found that the ability of the prepared bio-adsorbent to adsorb Cu and Zn ions differs only slightly from that of the traditional adsorbent. The experiments were conducted with bio-adsorbents impregnated with sodium hydroxide solution of various concentrations as a modifier and carbonized at different temperatures. It was found that bi-adsorbents impregnated with 60% sodium hydroxide solution and carbonized at 240 0 C were more effective. It was found that the prepared bio-adsorbent can remove 97.5% and 98.5% of Cu and Zn ions, respectively, from water. And analyzed The spectral characteristics of the bioadsorbent were measured using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and the concentration of metal ions was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The arboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups, as well as the oxygen group O=C=O, which are important for adsorption, were confirmed by FTIR. It was suggested that the bioadsorbent obtained from biomass can be used as an adsorbent due to its large surface area, rich resource, various surface groups, cost-effectiveness and environmental safety.
The Current Status of Citellus fulvus Licht. in the Southern Regions of Uzbekistan today's status (using the example of Guzar district)
Authors: Tursunov Olim T. , Mamarakhimov Oybek , Khaknazarova Luiza , Andakulova Nilufar , Kamolova Shokhsanam
Published: February 2025

The rodent fauna of southern Uzbekistan, particularly the species Citellus fulvus (yellow miter), displays significant adaptations to the agrocenoses and diverse biotopes of the region. This study, conducted from 2022 to 2023 in the Guzar district of the Kashkadarya region, aimed to investigate the population density, ecological characteristics, and geographical distribution of Citellus fulvus. Various methods were employed, including route tracking, morphometric measurements, and observations of colony distribution. Our findings revealed a notable reduction in natural habitats, resulting in a shift of Citellus fulvus colonies toward agrocenoses and semi-urban areas. Colony structures were observed to vary based on geographical features, with a maximum distance of 200-300 meters between colonies in some cases. Morphological characteristics of individuals, such as fur color and body size, also showed seasonal and age-related changes. The study highlights the need for further investigation into the species’ adaptation mechanisms, especially considering the increasing anthropogenic pressures and habitat loss in the region. These findings provide valuable insights into the population dynamics and ecological stability of Citellus fulvus, with implications for regional biodiversity conservation and pest management strategies.
Ecological consequences of the desertification process in the agrolandscapes of the Kashkadarya oasis
Authors: Suyunov Abdusali , Suyunov Shukhrat , Khushmurodov Farrukh , Suyunov Samaritdin , Omonov Ismoil , Eshboev Bekhzod
Published: February 2025

This scientific article examines the consequences of entanglement processes in the agro-landscapes of the Kashkadarya Oasis. Special attention is paid to soil degradation, pest infestation, erosion, changes in hydrogeological regimes, and the impact of these factors on the sustainability of agroecosystems. The study identifies the main causes of degradation, including anthropogenic and natural factors such as inappropriate use of land resources, irrigation erosion, rising groundwater levels, climatic changes, and low efficiency of land reclamation systems. Methods of geographic information modeling, landscape analysis, remote sensing, and statistical monitoring are used to assess the dynamics of these processes. The authors propose strategies for sustainable agro-landscape management, including introducing modern irrigation technologies, crop rotation, and measures to restore degraded land and prevent vegetation clearance. Raising environmental awareness among the population and integrating a landscape approach to natural resource conservation is also emphasized. It concludes that comprehensive measures are needed to prevent soil degradation, increase agricultural productivity, and adapt the region to environmental changes.
Determining the levels of pollution in the territories of Bishkek city with harmful substances from motor transport and combustion products during heating
Authors: Alseitov M.T.
Published: February 2025

The article addresses the problem of air pollution in Bishkek caused by motor vehicles and heating systems, with an emphasis on the spatial and temporal distribution of harmful substances. The study includes measurements at seven representative points in the city using modern methods, instrumental analysis and mathematical analysis. It has been established that possible sources of pollution are motor vehicles and heating systems, which support the relationship between changes in traffic flow, the number of heating systems and concentrations of PM 2.5 and CO. The most polluted areas were the villages of Novo-Pokrovka and Mayevka. The results obtained make it possible to develop measures to reduce the load, including the transition to environmentally friendly heating methods and restriction of traffic in central areas. The work can also be useful for monitoring behavior in cities with excellent indicators.
Landscape structure of the Gaginsky Municipal District (Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russia)
Authors: Astashin Andrej , Vatina Ol'ga , Badin Mihail , Vinokurova Natalya , Sevast'yanova Marina
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a scheme of landscape differentiation of Gaginskij municipal district of Nizhny Novgorod region (Russia) at the level of landscape types. The researched territory is located in a forest-steppe zone, has fertile soils and, therefore, is actively involved in agricultural production. The territory is characterized by a high degree of ploughing and low degree of forest cover, which, however, are strongly dependent on the landscape structure, which determines both the nature of land use and the degree of transformation of natural and territorial complexes. In the course of the research a comparative assessment of the selected landscapes was carried out according to the main indicators, characterizing their disturbance (plowing) and preservation (degree of afforestation). During the research the position of 10 points of growth of 6 plant species, listed in the Red Data Book of the Nizhny Novgorod region was established, the habitats of which also have a pronounced landscape determinism – all of them tend to tracts, the conditions of which are close to the steppe. The work is based on the analysis of scientific literature, thematic maps, Earth remote sensing data, and our own field and desk research, conducted in 2024. Geoinformation processing of materials was performed using the QGIS geoinformation system. During the research 8 landscapes were identified.
Screening of effective biosurfactant-producing bacteria from plant rhizosphere and oil-polluted soils
Authors: Gordeev Alexander , Biktasheva Liliya , Galitskaya Polina
Published: February 2025

Identification and characterization of effective biosurfactant-producing strains is critical for the successful implementation of a wide range of biotechnological processes. This study used a comprehensive screening approach of potential biosurfactant producing bacteria isolated from plant rhizosphere and oil polluted soils. A total of 63 isolates were obtained and their ability to produce biosurfactants was assessed based on the emulsification index (E24) and surface tension measurements using cell-free culture supernatants. The results revealed significant differences in the potential of isolates to produce surfactants, with E24 values ranging from 5% to 81% and surface tension values ranging from 27.1 to 68.1 mN m-1. The most promising biosurfactant-producing strains were able to reduce the surface tension of the culture medium to values below 30 mN m-1 and demonstrated high emulsification indices (>40%), indicating their ability to produce biosurfactants in concentrations sufficient to exhibit high surfactant and emulsifying properties. Using the Sanger sequencing method, the three strains with the highest biosurfactant producing potential were identified as B. mojavensis, P. fluorescens, P. putida.
The influence of the surfactant sodium laureth sulfate on the obstacles of lupine seedlings
Authors: Zheltukhina Valentina , Kolesnichenko Elena , Morozova Tamara , Kotlyarova Ekaterina , Melentyev Anton
Published: February 2025

As a result of the conducted laboratory experiment, the negative effect of increasing doses of sodium laureth sulfate on the formation of lupin seedlings was established. The effect of sodium laureth sulfate on the germination rate of lupin seeds was established, which was accompanied by a consistent decrease in the number of seedlings as the concentration of the toxicant in the soil increased and reached its maximum value in the fifth variant with the highest concentration of detergent in the soil. Sodium laureth sulfate reduced the germination of seeds and the dynamic characteristics of plants by the end of the experiment. Metric indicators of lupin: total weight, weight of leaves, stems; roots, stem length and total leaf surface area were below the control values. The analysis of allometric coefficients confirmed the high sensitivity of lupin seedlings to the phytotoxic effect of sodium laureth sulfate, which was most pronounced in the fifth version of the experiment. The data obtained from the results of a laboratory experiment can be used in the practice of cultivating crops with possible soil contamination with detergents. Currently, the effects and behavior of surfactants in the soil horizons of fields irrigated by wastewater have not been sufficiently studied.
Vitality structure of cenopopulations of Alyssum turkestanicum var. desertorum (Brassicaceae) in the ecotone system of the coastal zone of the Chogray reservoir
Authors: Lidzhieva N.Ts. , Fedorova N.L. , Shaglinov P.A. , Kiyasov N.K. , Botieva N.E.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of a study of the vitality structure of plant cenopopulations using the example of Alyssum turkestanicum var. desertorum (Brassicaceae) in the ecotone system of the coastal zone of the Chogray Reservoir located in the Kuma-Manych Depression, in the valley of the East Manych River in the vegetation periods of 2021-2022. In accordance with the concept of A.S. Zaletaev, successive blocks of the “water-land” ecotone system are distinguished on the coast of the reservoir. In the cenopopulations of A. turkestanicum var. desertorum from 5 communities located at different distances from the reservoir, an analysis of the frequency of occurrence of plants of three vitality classes was carried out and their vitality spectra were constructed. An assessment of the vitality of cenopopulations using the IVC vitality index allowed us to conclude that the populations of A. turkestanicum var. desertorum, growing in various plant communities of the ecotone system, mainly belonged to the vitality type “flourishing”. During the study, it was found that the viability of populations of the species A. turkestanicum var. desertorum in various belts of the ecotone system of the coastal zone of the Chogray reservoir depends not only on the ecological and phytocenotic conditions of their growth, which change with distance from the reservoir, but also on the climatic conditions of a particular year.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of mustard (Brássica júncea) as a CO2 sequestering agent at elevated temperatures
Authors: Kuryntseva Polina , Galieva Gulnaz , Sultanova Lola , Pronovich Natalia
Published: February 2025

Preservation and increase of soil fertility is one of the main tasks of modern agriculture. The use of siderates is one of the technologies of ecologization of agriculture. In the framework of this study we evaluated the possibility of using mustard (Brássica júncea) as a CO2 trap in conditions of elevated temperatures. It was shown that with increasing temperature from 20 to 30°C there is an increase in carbon fixation in the phytomass of plants. The maximum carbon fixation in mustard (B. júncea) phytomass was established at a temperature of 30 C and amounted to 439.5 kgC/ha.
Winter bird fauna of the Baikal region: A new approach to the analysis of materials
Authors: Mel’nikov Yuriy
Published: February 2025

Based on the materials of long-term studies (1964-2024), modern changes in the composition of the bird fauna of the Baikal region in winter are shown. A clear trend towards a decrease in the abundance of birds over a wide area has been revealed. At the same time, their species composition has increased significantly. It is proved that the main reason for such changes is a strong warming of the climate – 1.9 ° C/100 years. The process of formation of “cold” wintering grounds in new species cannot be explained without a detailed study of their late autumn flight. It is shown that such wintering in birds is forced. Changes in the species composition of birds and their status at this time necessitate the development of a new classification of their winter population. The greatest difficulty in this classification is associated with the analysis of the status of a few wintering birds. The most important point, in this case, is that a small part of such species remains for the winter, and the main part of them moves south. In this regard, two more features have been introduced into the new classification: the abundance of wintering atypical bird species and the frequency or periodicity of their appearance in wintering grounds. Based on this, the allocation of three more categories of wintering birds is justified: forced wintering common species (force. win), forced wintering random or very small species (ac.win) and birds that escaped from cages or aviaries (encl. run). The new classification allows for more precise and detailed identification of different categories of wintering birds. It makes it possible to more correctly track the appearance of “cold” wintering grounds atypical for temperate latitudes in different bird species and explain the reasons for their formation.
Utilization of organic waste by anaerobic fermentation at a livestock complex
Authors: Kolesnichenko E.Y. , Zheltukhin V.I. , Kotlyarova E.G. , Kulikova M. A. , Melentyev A. A.
Published: February 2025

Research has proven the effective operation of biogas plants for waste disposal and generation of electricity. In the work, the technology of utilization of manure effluents and waste from a meat processing plant by anaerobic fermentation in a biogas plant was analyzed. In the course of the study, it was established that the formation of biogas and its further conversion into electricity, and the resulting substrate of the fermenter, which chemically corresponds to organic fertilizers. The study revealed that the biogas plant does not emit pollutants into the atmospheric air. The high efficiency of the plant on renewable raw materials (piglets) for the production of biogas and its conversion into electrical energy is justified.
Kanamycin-induced growth suppression of fast-growing transgenic poplar carrying the nptII gene
Authors: Pavlichenko Vasiliy , Protopopova Marina
Published: February 2025

In our study, a genetically modified poplar overexpressing gene encoding gibberellin-20-oxidase (AtGA20ox1) was analyzed for the adaptation of a protocol to maintain in vitro plants due to the overfilling of test tubes during fast-growing transgenic plants cultivation. It was demonstrated that these transgenic poplars were able to survive in media containing kanamycin, in contrast to the control plants, because neomycin phosphotransferase II was additionally expressed, facilitating the breakdown of kanamycin. The potential effects of kanamycin in nutrient media on the growth rate of these transgenic poplars were also investigated, despite their overall survivability. It was found that kanamycin at varying concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1) effectively suppressed the growth of these genetically modified poplars without affecting their mortality. Therefore, it was proposed that kanamycin be used as an effective tool for growth suppression in genetically modified plants utilizing the widely used selective nptII gene during micropropagation.
The impact of thermal regime on chlorophyll content in the southern part of the Kuibyshev reservoir
Authors: Selezneva K.V. , Selezneva A.V. , Seleznev V. A.
Published: February 2025

To assess the effect of water temperature on the concentration of chlorophyll “a”, regular observations were carried out in the southern part of the Kuibyshev Reservoir in the period 2016-2022. It was found that there is an exponential relationship between the concentration of chlorophyll and water temperature. The growth rate of chlorophyll concentration with an increase in temperature in the range of 15-22 ºC was 0.5 μg / dm3 per 1 ° C. With an increase in temperature above 22 ºC, the rate increased 5 times and was 2.5 μg / dm3 per 1 ° C. The different growth rates of chlorophyll are explained by the fact that at temperatures below 22 ºC, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta dominated in the phytoplankton structure, and at higher temperatures - Cyanophyta algae, which caused the process of “blooming” of the water. For prognostic calculations, the correlation between air and water temperature was studied. A very strong correlation was found for August with a coefficient of 0.90. Using the Student criterion, a conclusion was made about the statistical significance of the obtained linear trend of water temperature. It was concluded that under conditions of global warming, the content of chlorophyll “a” will increase due to the rapid development of Cyanophyta algae, which will lead to a deterioration in the state of the ecosystem of the Kuibyshev Reservoir.
Vertical distribution of Hymenoptera (Insecta) in pine forests of the European part of Russia
Authors: Ruchin Alexander
Published: February 2025

A study was conducted on the vertical distribution of Hymenoptera in pine forests in the central European part of Russia (Republic of Mordovia). Beer traps were used as the primary method for insect capture. Species from the Vespidae family were dominant. Vespidae exhibited the highest population density, with Vespa crabro and Vespula vulgaris being most abundant in the traps. The highest numbers of both species were recorded at a height of 1.5 meters from ground level, while significantly lower numbers were observed at 12 meters. Dolichovespula media showed relatively consistent numbers across all heights. Polistes nimpha was only observed at heights of 1.5 and 3 meters. Vespula germanica was most abundant at 12 meters, whereas Vespula rufa had the highest density at 3 meters. Seasonal population dynamics showed a minimum in June, with peaks in July and August. Population trends remained consistent across different heights.
Fileira da Resina de Pinheiro
Authors: Soares Andreia , Costa Hilário , Ribeiro Marco , Pestana Miguel
Published: February 2025

A fileira da resina foi, no passado, importante para Portugal, pela sua escala como produtor e transformador de resina de pinheiro. Atualmente há ressurgimento deste setor económico, uma vez que a resina é uma fonte alternativa bio, em muitas das áreas da química, aos produtos provenientes do petróleo.

Por este motivo, efetuamos uma breve análise à fileira focada na produção e transformação de resina, em que destacamos os aspetos da gestão florestal, produção e valorização da resina, assim como os aspetos relativos à transformação da resina, indústria e mercado, onde se realça a transformação de resina em Portugal, e finaliza-se dando enfase ao contexto internacional desta fileira.

Por fim, dá-se relevância às oportunidades desta fileira, tanto pela gestão florestal, produção e valorização da resina, como pela transformação da resina, indústria e mercado.
A preservação de madeira: Estado atual do conhecimento
Authors: Soares Andreia , Palminha Miguel , Pestana Miguel
Published: February 2025

A madeira sofre deterioração, já que é um material natural. Esta deterioração dependerá do tempo e ao tipo de condições a que está exposta e, ainda, da espécie de madeira. Assim, a sua modificação - química, térmica, superficial ou impregnação - pode aumentar a durabilidade natural da madeira e, deste modo, melhorar as suas propriedades durante o seu ciclo de vida. Este novo material deverá, no final do ciclo de vida, não apresentar um perigo ambiental superior ao da madeira não tratada.

A maioria destas modificações baseiam-se na limitação ao acesso dos grupos hidroxilo (existentes sobretudo na celulose e hemiceluloses) e que são os principais responsáveis pela higroscopicidade da madeira, criando uma melhoria nas propriedades da madeira tratada.

Muito embora haja uma grande diversidade de agentes de degradação da madeira, o ataque por origem biológica assume grande importância, uma vez que este não depende apenas da sua presença, pois é necessária a existência de certas condições hidrotérmicas ambientais esta degradação, muito rebora a sua conservação esteja também associada à resistência natural da madeira ao ataque por agentes biológicos, e à sua impregnabilidade ou capacidade de receber tratamentos preservadores.

De entre os seres vivos, os fungos - fungos cromogéneos e fungos que originam diversos tipos de podridão - desempenham um papel importante na degradação da madeira, quando as condições temperatura e de oxigénio sejam propícias para o seu desenvolvimento.

Do mesmo modo, as térmitas subterrâneas - insetos xilófagos – são também agentes biológicos que causam estragos, não só pelo volume de material lenhoso deteriorado, mas também por atuarem no interior das peças de madeira.

Para além destas questões associadas á degradação da madeira, faz-se ainda uma resenha da evolução da preservação de madeira, ao longo dos tempos, particularizando-se também esta evolução em Portugal.
Die Delegation und Erweiterung der Aufgaben im Rahmen der Fachpflege
Endoskopie – Aufwertung oder Notwendigkeit?
Authors: Jacobsen Michaela
Published: February 2025

Die Delegation ärztlicher Tätigkeiten an das Assistenzpersonal in der Endoskopie
ist eine gängige Methode der Arbeitsteilung im Klinikalltag. Definierte
rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen gibt es dafür nicht, auch die strukturellen
Voraussetzungen sind dürftig. Eine gut organisierte, rechtlich abgesicherte
Übernahme ärztlicher Tätigkeiten durch qualifiziertes Pflegefachpersonal hätte
weitreichende Veränderungen im Klinikalltag zur Folge. Beispiele hierfür sind
das Freiwerden ärztlicher Kapazitäten, das Binden wichtiger pflegerischer
Kompetenzen in den Endoskopie-Abteilungen und die Reduktion von Wartezeiten für
Patienten.
Hashimoto: Drei Mittel für alle Fälle
Authors: Welsch Katja
Published: February 2025

Die Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis zeigt sich klinisch vor allem durch Zeichen einer Hypothyreose wie Müdigkeit, Frösteln, Hauttrockenheit, Gewichtszunahme, Obstipation und depressive Verstimmungen sowie im Labor durch erniedrigte T3- und T4-Werte, erhöhtes TSH und erhöhte TPO-Antikörper. In vielen Fällen bestehen Symptome trotz optimal eingestellter Schilddrüsenwerte fort, was eine begleitende Behandlung auf den Plan ruft. Für die homöopathische Begleittherapie bieten sich als Kardinalmittel Natrium chloratum, Calcium carbonicum und Kalium jodatum in hohen Potenzen an, die nach Symptomen und Konstitution meist über einen längeren Zeitraum verordnet werden und die Lebensqualität deutlich verbessern können. Im vorgestellten Fall konnte mit Calcium carbonicum C1000 bei normalen Schilddrüsenwerten eine hypothyreote Klinik mit Energielosigkeit, Verdauungsstörungen und Gelenkschmerzen erfolgreich ausgeglichen werden.
Nierenstein mit APGAR 6 – prähospitale Analgesie mit Nalbuphin bei nicht bekannter Schwangerschaft im dritten Trimenon
Authors: Herbort Lucas , Deslandes Marvin , Jansen Gerrit , Strickmann Bernd , Grannemann Julia Johanna
Published: February 2025

Es wird über eine 36-jährige Patientin berichtet, die den Rettungsdienst aufgrund abdomineller Schmerzen verständigte. Die Frage nach Vorliegen einer Schwangerschaft wurde verneint, klinisch zeigte sich die Untersuchung des Abdomens unauffällig. Unter der Arbeitsdiagnose Nierenkolik wurde entsprechend lokaler Standards vom Notfallsanitäter Nalbuphin i. v. dosiskonform und indikationsgerecht verabreicht. Im weiteren kurzfristigen Verlauf wurde die Patientin, die sich retrospektiv in der 32. Schwangerschaftswoche befand, von einem gesunden Kind entbunden. Im dargestellten Fall kam es nicht zu kardiorespiratorischen Nebenwirkungen des Nalbuphin beim Neugeborenen. Ob Nalbuphin sicher in der Schwangerschaft angewendet kann, muss Gegenstand weiterer Studien sein. Die prähospitale Anamnese bei Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter sollte die Frage nach der letzten Regelblutung umfassen.
Sterbealter und Liegezeit: Zwei unterschiedliche Herausforderungen
der Forensischen Osteologie
Authors: Ramsthaler Frank , Federspiel Jan M. , Feix-Berscheid Marie-Christine , Verhoff Marcel A.
Published: February 2025

Das Alter zum Todeszeitpunkt und das postmortale Intervall (PMI) sind zwei
zentrale Bestandteile des anthropologischen Profils mit besonderem Anspruch
an die jeweilige Schätzung, insbesondere in der forensischen Fallarbeit. In
Lehrbüchern und wissenschaftlichen Veröffentlichungen werden diese beiden
Themen typischerweise separat bearbeitet. Dennoch können sie als logisch
zusammenhängend betrachtet werden, wodurch Gemeinsamkeiten beider Themen
auffallen. Das primäre Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die methodische
Vielfalt anwendbarer Methoden an einer ausgewählten Stichprobe darzulegen
und die Methoden aufzuzeigen, die eine möglichst präzise und objektive
Beurteilung des Alters zum Todeszeitpunkt und des PMI erlauben.

Narrativer und erfahrungsbasierter selektiver Review. Zudem wurden
Möglichkeiten und Limitationen verschiedener Methoden (Lamendin, Demirjian,
Nemeskéri und Acsádi) an einer eigenen Stichprobe untersucht.

In der großen Anzahl an Publikationen zu den behandelten Themen zeigen sich
signifikante wissenschaftliche Bemühungen, das verfügbare Methodenspektrum
zu erweitern. Die in dieser Arbeit diskutierten Methoden reflektierten die
Ausbildungsinhalte der Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe (FASE) und
eigene Erfahrungen. Basierend auf statistischen Beispielen wurden die
Stärken und Schwächen der zuvor genannten Methoden diskutiert.

Das biologische Alter (Alter zum Zeitpunkt des Todes) sowie physikochemische
und mikrobielle Abbauprozesse (PMI) können mit zurzeit verfügbaren Methoden
abgeschätzt werden. Durch Einflussfaktoren bedingt sind die Methoden jedoch
in ihrer Präzision und Schätzsicherheit limitiert. Dies muss bei
gutachterlichen Stellungnahmen klar kommuniziert werden.
Ötzis Knochen: Was das Skelett der Gletschermumie über sein Leben und
Sterben verrät
Authors: Zink Albert
Published: February 2025

Die Gletschermumie Ötzi, entdeckt 1991 in den Ötztaler Alpen, zählt zu den am
besten untersuchten Mumien weltweit. Sein außergewöhnlich guter
Erhaltungszustand ermöglicht tiefgehende Einblicke in die Kupferzeit,
insbesondere in Bezug auf Lebensstil, Ernährung, Krankheiten und Todesursache.
Multidisziplinäre Studien – darunter anthropologische, paläopathologische,
molekulare und radiologische Analysen – lieferten detaillierte Erkenntnisse über
Ötzis Lebensweise und die Umstände seines gewaltsamen Todes. Der vorliegende
Artikel widmet sich den Untersuchungen, die an Ötzis Skelett durchgeführt
wurden, und beleuchtet deren bedeutenden Beitrag zu seiner Erforschung. Das
Skelett zeigt deutliche Spuren intensiver körperlicher Belastung und hoher
Mobilität, erkennbar insbesondere am stark ausgeprägten Schienbein, ein
typisches Merkmal für Bewegungen in alpinem Gelände. Gleichzeitig wiesen
degenerative Gelenkerkrankungen, vor allem an der Wirbelsäule und den unteren
Extremitäten, auf die Beanspruchungen seines Körpers hin. Interessanterweise
zeigten die Gelenke der Arme und Hände kaum Abnutzung. Die Umstände seines Todes
konnten durch detaillierte Analysen rekonstruiert werden: Eine Pfeilverletzung
an der linken Schulter durchtrennte das Schulterblatt und die Arteria subclavia,
was höchstwahrscheinlich tödlich war. Zusätzlich weist ein Schädel-Hirn-Trauma
auf einen möglichen Sturz oder einen weiteren Angriff hin. Die Ergebnisse der
Ötzi-Forschung bieten einzigartige Einblicke in die Lebensbedingungen der
Kupferzeit und die frühen medizinischen Praktiken dieser Epoche. Sie
verdeutlichen, wie sich Ötzi und seine Gemeinschaft an die Herausforderungen
eines harten, alpinen Lebens anpassten.
Sharing a Hybrid EHR + FHIR CDS Tool Across Health Systems: Automating Smoking Cessation for Pediatric Caregivers
Authors: Saleh Sameh Nagui , Kim Eric , Thayer Jeritt G , Nabi Emara , Karavite Dean , Winickoff Jonathan , Fiks Alexander , Jenssen Brian P , Riley Nicholas , Grundmeier Robert W
Published: February 2025

Objective
Experiences sharing complex workflow-integrated clinical decision support (CDS) across health systems are sparse and not well reported. This case study presents the sharing of a hybrid electronic health record (EHR)-native and SMART-compatible CDS tool for automating provision of smoking cessation treatment for caregivers during pediatric visits.
Materials & Methods
We conducted a comprehensive needs assessment using socio-technical frameworks to identify workflow gaps and technical requirements. A multidisciplinary team of clinical informaticians, software developers, and EHR analysts guided the technology transfer. Iterative testing and feedback informed modifications. The evaluation tracked questionnaire uptake, tobacco use identification rates, and treatment acceptance metrics.
Results
The needs assessment revealed critical artifacts such as data architecture, source code repositories, and regulatory requirements, which informed adaptations for the recipient health system. In the pre-implementation phase, JXPORT was identified for transferring EHR-native components and the EHR's Active Guidelines Framework was needed to extend the FHIR standard with ordering, posting flowsheet values, and launching activities in the embedded web application. The implementation process resulted in key modifications including same-day nicotine replacement therapy delivery through internal pharmacy services and optimized questionnaire design to improve usability. At the source system, 5.8% (n=3391) of caregivers reported active tobacco use with 46.9% (n=1590) accepting cessation resources. At the recipient system, 24.3% (n=167) of caregivers listed tobacco use and 28.1% (n=47) accepted treatment.
Conclusions
The cross-system sharing of eCEASE serves as a nascent model for disseminating complex CDS tools and highlighted opportunities for improvement. Future work should focus on creating validated dissemination frameworks and improving use of standards for EHR integration.