bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN LAGOS METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSPORT AUTHORITY
Authors: YAKUBU Olugbenga Mufutau , HASSAN Ibrahim Korede , AKHAKPE Ighodalo Bassey
Published: February 2025

Lagos State has significantly transformed public sector performance by leveraging technology to
improve service delivery, enhance transparency, and foster citizen engagement. Despite the adoption of
technology like e-governance in the state, there is a growing concern about the effectiveness of e-governance
in improving public sector performance. This study examines the impact of e-governance on public sector
performance in LAMATA, Lagos State, Nigeria. The study is anchored on the Technology-OrganisationEnvironment (TOE) framework, as the study employed the interpretivism philosophy and a qualitative
approach in data collection and analysis. An exploratory research design was considered appropriate
because of its flexibility to consider many different aspects of the phenomenon. Similarly, newspaper reports
and opinions were content analysed as the study adhered to the qualitative model of social research, which
included textbooks, journals, articles, newspapers, and other publications. The results show that egovernance has improved public sector performance in Lagos State, particularly in terms of transparency,
accountability, and citizen participation. However, the study also identifies some challenges facing egovernance in Lagos State, including inadequate infrastructure, lack of skilled personnel, and limited access
to technology. The study concludes that e-governance has the potential to improve public sector performance
in Lagos State but requires careful planning, implementation, and evaluation to overcome the challenges.
GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND MONEY SUPPLY ROLES IN ALLEVIATING POVERTY IN AFRICA
Authors: ANJANDE Gbatsoron , ASOM Terwuah Simeon , AYILA Ngutsav , MILE Bridget Ngodoo , IJIRSHAR Victor Ushahemba
Published: February 2025

This study examines the roles of government spending and money supply on alleviating poverty in
Africa. The study used 48 Sub-Saharan Africa countries from 2001 to 2017. The study employed one step and
two-step system GMM and found that both the procedures have similar results. Different specifications were
employed and the model selected was robust, with valid instruments and absence of autocorrelation at the
second order. The study revealed that government spending and foreign direct investment have significant
negative influence on reducing poverty while money supply has positive influence on the level of poverty in
the region. The implication of the finding is that monetary policy tool of money supply has no strong influence
in combating the menace of poverty. The study therefore recommends that emphasis should be placed on
increasing more of government spending that would impact on the quality of life of the people in the region
through multiplier effect, improving the financial system for effective monetary policy and attracting foreign
direct inflows through enabling business environment in Africa.
ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED AND FIRM VALUATION IN NIGERIA
Authors: ASOGBA I srael Oludare , ARIYIBI Mayowa Ebenezer , SOYEMI Kenny Adedapo
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of economic value added on firm valuation in Nigeria. The study
uses three proxies to capture firm valuation. They include income base of firm valuation that is measured as
discounted cash flow (DCF), asset based of firm valuation using net book value (NBV) and market-based
approach of firm valuation using publicly traded prices in the stock exchange (SP), while the explanatory
variables (EVA) was measured as the company’s profit after full cost of capital, while Firm size (FZE) and
Leverage (LVG) are use as control variable. The study shows that EVA has a significant effect on firm
valuation. The study recommended that successful value-based management firms should maintain that the
technical accounting requirement of EVA is straightforward and makes only minimal adjustments to their
accounting procedures. To give investors a normal return on their investment in the company's shares,
managers should work to boost future EVA.
Indigenous Communication Practices: An Exploration of Traditional Modes among the Vedda in Dambana, Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerasekara Dr. R. A. D. Priyanka
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the indigenous communication practices of the Vedda community in Dambana, Sri Lanka, with a particular focus on their traditional methods of communication. Communication, in general, refers to the process of transmitting messages from one person to another. Traditional communication methods hold significant importance in empowering indigenous populations across the globe. Scholars and researchers in communication studies have characterized these methods in various ways. Often termed traditional media, indigenous communication systems, folk communication, alternative media, group media, or low-cost media, these methods serve as powerful tools for empowering rural, marginalized, and indigenous communities, as well as grassroots organizations within society.There is a close connection between folk media and the creativity of the people. Creativity, interactivity, and liveliness are the unique characteristics of this medium. Indigenous communities, such as the Vedda, often depend on various forms of traditional folk communication in their daily lives, which reflect their socio-cultural, moral, and spiritual values and beliefs. The Vedda, as an aboriginal group in Sri Lanka, possess a rich cultural heritage. Until a few decades ago, they lived a simple life in close harmony with nature. Modern communities can learn a great deal from this tribal group, including their language, rituals, indigenous knowledge, and traditions. This knowledge has been preserved and transmitted through traditional methods, primarily oral communication, and passed down from generation to generation. The research employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing the Participant Observation Method for data analysis. Unstructured, in-depth interviews are conducted to collect the data.
Practices for the Protection of Rural Architecture: The Case of Serbian Rural Area
Authors: AKTÜRK İbrahim
Published: February 2025

Rural areas are traditional living spaces that present local architecture of materials and construction techniques. In recent years, with the increase in social awareness, rural architecture has been directed, but rural architecture, which has problems in terms of architecture, economic, technical and legal aspects, needs to be protected. In this context, it is aimed in this study to form the basis for new applications for the protection of rural architecture by analyzing on sample area Serbian rural houses, which were selected as one of the practices in rural areas. In line with the purpose of the study, the study of the place and historical process of rural architecture in the literature and the architectural features and conservation practices of Serbian rural houses constitute the scope of the study. In the first step of the method, literature research on rural architecture was made, in the second step, the study text on Serbian rural houses was analyzed, and in the last step, the measures applied to increase the thermal comfort conditions for Serbian rural houses were examined through the analyzed study text. It is assumed that the improvement of the comfort conditions in the rural area of Serbia will encourage rural settlements in many countries to be preserved with their original textures. As a result, it is considered necessary to make plans where the applications to be made considering the original identity of the rural architecture offer solutions suitable for the traditional structure.
Diving Related Injury and Illness among Scuba Divers in Malaysia and its Associated Factors
Authors: Muhammad Aladin , Wan Mohammad Wan Mohd Zahiruddin , Idris Siti Rabiatull Aisha , Ismail Ahmad Filza
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Recreational scuba diving, a popular adventure sport, inherent risks such as high-pressure environments, and physical/ challenges, potentially leading to injuries or illnesses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of diving-related issues among recreational scuba divers in Malaysia and identify associated factors. The findings inform preventive measures for stakeholders, including dive operators, instructors, and regulatory bodies. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at diving centres located in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, specifically in Perhentian and Tioman Islands. Data collection involved using a standardized proforma checklist, and the analysis was carried out using SPSS version 26. Descriptive analysis, as well as simple and multiple logistic regression, were employed to analyze the data. Results: Out of 407 scuba divers, 145 (36.1%) reported diving-related injuries or illnesses. The most common conditions were barotrauma (17.9%), muscle cramps (14.0%), and panic attacks (10.1%). Divers with injuries or illnesses were predominantly male, Malaysian, open water certification holder, used personal gear, and with mean age 31.13 (SD=6.23). Level of diving certificate was significantly associated with diving-related injury/illness according to multiple logistic regression, with adjusted odds ratio of 3.78 (95% CI: 1.68, 8.49; p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study underscores the imperative of enhancing diver safety and emphasizes the vital need to improve safety in Malaysian recreational scuba diving. The observed association between lower certifications and injuries underscores the importance of targeted preventive measures for stakeholders, contributing to overall advancements in diving safety protocols in Malaysia.
Expression of Breastmilk: Qualitative Exploration on Experience of Working Women in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Alwi Nor Kamariah , Sulaiman Zaharah , Tengku Ismail Tengku Alina
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Women worldwide have been practising milk expression for various reasons through different methods and tools. Nevertheless, references on milk expression among working Malaysian women are limited. Materials and methods: The present study explored working Malaysian women’s views and experiences on breastmilk expression practices using a feminist phenomenological approach. This study conducted in-depth interviews with 19 working mothers of infants between three and 12 months old who were practising milk expression. Purposive and snowball sampling were employed during data collection. The information obtained was analysed systematically to establish themes and subthemes. Results: The participants employed hand, breast pumps, and suction cups to express their milk. The principal themes that emerged from the data obtained were reasons for practising milk expression, factors influencing milk expression method selection, and milk expression experiences. Conclusion: The reasons for breastmilk expression demonstrated the participants’ determination to continue providing breastmilk despite facing various challenges. The conditions influencing the milk expression method selected and the participants’ experiences in expressing breastmilk could assist practitioners in providing guidelines for breastfeeding mothers when choosing a milk expression approach.
Impact of Allium sativum on Callosobruchus maculatus Adult Emergence, Egg Laying and Protectant Potency of Stored Cowpea
Authors: E Al-Shareefi  , M Sahi Nebras , Kadhim Wurood Alwan , Sh Hamood Samerh , A Karbel Nada
Published: February 2025

Pulses are considered a great protein source in Asia and the majority of other developing countries around the world. Post-harvest damages and quality impairment due to storage pests pose a significant challenge for agricultural communities in Middle East countries. As a replacement for the constructed pesticide and bulb oil extract of garlic, Allium sativum (L.) was examined contra the cowpea pest Callosobruchus maculatus. To determine the mortality percentages of cowpea beetles, as well as the oviposition, adult appearance, level of seed rotten, and Weevil Perforation Index (WPI), we mixed garlic powder at proportions of 1, 3, and 5/20 g of black-eyed peas, and used the acetone extract of garlic bulbs at 1, 2, and 3 ml for each 20 g of cowpea seeds. Three days into the treatment, 60.7%, 73.3% and 100% of the adult death in Callosobruchus maculatus was triggered by 1, 3, and 5/20 g of black-eyed peas, respectively. After three days of treatment, black-eyed peas died at every concentration of garlic bulb extracts. In both the powder and bulb extracts of garlic, complete preservation of seeds and prevention of adult apparition were noted. The current study proved that both powder and garlic bulb extract successfully inhibited the effect on cowpea beetles, C. maculatus, in stored black-eyed peas.
Recovery Training in Football: A Qualitative Study on Coaches' Perspectives
Authors: Araújo Tiago , Resende Rui , Camões Miguel , Teixeira Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Although essential, the choice of specific methods and exercises to optimise football recovery training remains empirical. The execution of training plans with low-intensity exercises (“classic” method) is standard, even if these do not replicate the technical-tactical demands of the game, nor do they have a scientific basis that demonstrates their superior effect. Through semi-structured interviews, this study explored the perspective of five coaches with national and international experience in recovery training and the use of classic or high-intensity recovery methods more closely aligned with the game's characteristics. The results highlighted the following themes: Individual adaptations; Changes throughout the season; Recovery supplements; Day off; Difficulty of implementation; and recovery methods. All emphasised the need to adjust recovery training to game time and competitive load, suggesting complements such as cryotherapy and massages, especially in periods of high density. Using high-intensity methods is effective in optimising recovery and improving performance. However, it is essential to adjust training and recovery methods to the competitive context. Complemented with other techniques, high-intensity recovery appears essential to optimise recovery if its implementation is communicated clearly and adjusted to cultural differences.
Avaliação da sensibilidade de Colletotrichum spp. a Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Silva Jackeline Laurentino da , Costa Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira , Ramirez Cecilia Hernandez , Silva Maria Jussara dos Santos da , Santos Maria Hilma dos , Lima Gaus Silvestre de Andrade , Assunção Iraildes Pereira
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar in vitro os efeitos de T. harzianum sobre cinco espécies de Colletotrichum. Para o teste de pareamento foram inoculadas as Colletotrichum spp. em meio BDA sintético e após 72 horas foi adicionado o antagonista T. harzianum, na direção oposta aos fitopatógenos. Para avaliação da ação de metabólitos foram inoculadas as espécie de Colletotrichum no centro de placas de Petri, separadamente e após 48 horas foi inoculado T. harzianum em placas contendo meio BDA sintético. As bases das placas contendo antagonista e os fitopatógeno foram unidas e vedadas. Foram estimados o índice de crescimento micelial (IVCM) e a porcentagem de inibição de crescimento micelial (PIC). Ao avaliar o antagonismo de T. harzianum sobre Colletotrichum spp. no teste de pareamento e metabólitos voláteis observou-se que todas as espécies de Colletotrichum apresentaram PIC abaixo de 31%, em ambos os testes. No IVCM para o teste de pareamento observa-se que C. tropicale foi a espécie mais sensível (1,87 cm) nas concentrações de 1 e 1,5 L/ha, enquanto no teste de metabólitos voláteis foi C. plurivorum (3,21 cm). T. harzianum é uma espécie promissora para a redução de Colletotrichum spp. associadas a antracnose na cultura do maracujazeiro.
Evaluation of Social Media Marketing Awareness for Boosting Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Iliyasu Mohammed , Abdul Hussaina , Danjuma Mustafa
Published: February 2025

The development of mass media, transitioning from traditional to new
media, including the convergence of various media forms a
mediamorphosis, which refers to the transformation and evolution of
media in response to technological advancements and changing societal needs.
This phenomenon encompasses how traditional media forms adapt to digital
platforms, the impact of social media on communication patterns, and the
convergence of various media channels. As technology continues to shape the
media landscape, mediamorphosis highlights the dynamic nature of media and
the need for constant adaptation to remain relevant and effective in
disseminating information and engaging audiences. Social media has been
driven by technological advancements and the realization of McLuhan's
prophecy of a "global village" fostered by the internet. Social media platforms,
facilitating feedback and online advertising, sales promotion, and personal
selling, have become integral for business branding. This study assesses the use
of social media marketing tools for boosting Nigerian economic growth,
focusing on Niger State. Through survey research involving 384 entrepreneurs, it
was found that while majority use social media, they lack awareness of its
potential for business expansion. To address this, the researchers recommend
initiatives such as introducing entrepreneurship-focused programs on the state-
commercial radio station, Prestige FM 91.7 MHz, sponsored by the government
of Niger State, to raise awareness and stimulate entrepreneurship for economic
development.
Exploiting the Electrolysis Industry for Sustainable Climate and National Economic Growth: Exploring the Science Classroom Privileges
Authors: Babajide Veronica , Raheem Isiaka , Abdulsalam Abdukarim
Published: February 2025

This research explores the potential of the electrolysis industry as a
catalyst for sustainable climate practices and national economic growth,
with a focus on leveraging science classroom privileges. This research
adopted the descriptive research design. It recognizes electrolysis as a pivotal
process for mining and refining many of Nigeria's endowed under-utilized
mineral resources such as bauxite, copper, and lead and for producing hydrogen,
a clean and versatile energy carrier with applications in various sectors. The
investigation aims to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge in science
classrooms and real-world applications within the electrolysis industry. It delves
into the science behind electrolysis, emphasizing its role both in the refining of
these mineral resources which in turn drive economic growth and in green
hydrogen production and its potential to mitigate climate change. The research
also analyzed the economic advantages of harnessing electrolysis for a nation's
energy portfolio via an interdisciplinary approach, between the science
education sector and the electrolysis industry. It also examined the need for
educational reforms that align the science curricula with the evolving needs of
sustainable technologies.
Evaluation of Essential Success Factors for Projects Involving Public-Private Partnerships in Kaduna Metropolis
Authors: Dabo Daniel , Ishaya David
Published: February 2025

This study aims to assess and analyse the crucial factors contributing to the
success of public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives in Kaduna. It
seeks to identify key elements determining the success or failure of PPP
projects in the Kaduna metropolitan area. The implementation of PPP
procurement is anticipated to facilitate infrastructure development and
government debt reduction. This method has been applied to both successful and
unsuccessful infrastructure projects in Nigeria for over a decade. Out of 40
distributed questionnaires, 26 responses were received from participants
involved in PPP projects in both the public and private sectors. PPP procurement
techniques are gaining popularity in Nigeria, and in Kaduna, the focus on five
Critical Success Factors (CSFs) during the implementation phase could lead to
the completion of more development projects. Stakeholders can enhance the
likelihood of PPP project success by utilising these CSFs as a foundation for
further research, applicable across all PPP infrastructure sectors in the Kaduna
Metropolis.
Sea Level Rise and its Impact on Ayetoro Community, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olorunlana Folasade
Published: February 2025

Nigerian coast is low-lying, a 1 to 5m rise in sea level which may result
from climate change will have a catastrophic effect on the people in
these regions. This study explores how sea level rise has impacted
Ayetoro community. Questionnaire survey and focus group discussion were
used to elicit information on the socio-environmental impacts of sea incursion
on the people of the community. Findings show that the community is facing
extinction on account of recurring sea level rise. The community which used to
be about 20 km away from the sea now has a larger part of its landmass
submerged. Findings also show that the impacts of sea level rise on Ayetoro
community falls into four categories namely intensified flooding, increased
erosion of shorelines, salt water intrusion into freshwater and decline in coastal
biodiversity. This study provides information concerning the impact of sea level
rise which is useful for coastal planners and managers to develop a framework for
integrated coastal zone management to support sustainable development of the
coast in the light of rising sea levels. This must ensure the active involvement of
stakeholders at all levels ranging from the government to the community to
generate their commitment and support and to identify what actions are most
needed.
La realidad aumentada en la edición de libros infantiles y juveniles de ficción: efecto lector, panorama y prospectiva
Authors:   , Arellano Yanguas Villar
Published: February 2025

Esta tesis pretende ahondar en el uso de la RA en la edición de obras de ficción dirigidas al público infantil y juvenil desde tres perspectivas complementarias: la investigación de su efecto lector, el panorama de obras publicadas en España, y la experiencia y prospectiva de este trabajo editorial. El trabajo se enmarca en una línea de investigación que la doctoranda desarrolla junto a Carola Sbriziolo desde el año 2018, fruto de la cual se han publicado ya varios trabajos (Arellano-Yanguas y Sbriziolo, 2019, 2020) centrados, respectivamente, en el público infantil (0-12 años) y prelector (0-5). En sintonía con este recorrido, el primero de los artículos toma como referencia este segmento (0-12), para examinar la investigación previa y los hallazgos relacionados con el impacto de esta tecnología en la experiencia lectora. El segundo de los trabajos gira su enfoque hacia las obras juveniles de ficción con RA disponibles en el mercado editorial español (12-18), una incursión necesaria para completar el panorama editorial y que hasta el momento permanecía inédita. Finalmente, se retorna al sector infantil, fijando y actualizando el corpus para examinar el fenómeno de la publicación de libros con RA. El objetivo es conocer, tanto la presencia y visibilidad de este tipo de obras en bibliotecas, librerías y espacios de recomendación, como la valoración profesional de las propias empresas editoras, a fin de trazar una prospectiva del uso editorial de esta tecnología, una dimensión pertinente y novedosa en el marco de los estudios sobre la literatura infantil y juvenil (en adelante LIJ) y su diversidad de lenguajes y formatos.
The role of gender discourse in the сonstruction of the egitimized subject of the youth graffiti subculture
Authors: Kuzovenkova Yuliya A.
Published: February 2025

In todays world, we are witnessing unprecedented changes in gender issues. Against this background, a question arises about the degree of such transformations in youth subcultures. This article discusses the youth subculture of graffiti, the iconic feature of which is masculinity. The results of the study show that the biological gender of a graffiti artist is increasingly less affecting the assessment of the quality of the work, which allows girls to enter the public field of graffiti. Yet, masculinity remains, for this subculture, the basis of identity.
Co-creative polylogue: art criticism aspect
Authors: Kuprina Elena Yu.
Published: February 2025

The creative uniqueness of the musicians personality is revealed in the space of dialogue in the process of musical co-creation. Dialogic connections between participants, formed at different levels of interactive informative and existential interaction, have an extremely wide and penetrating range of influence. The article analyzes the features of dialogic connections and their dependence on the levels and nature of the flow of co-creative polylogue in musical communication using practical examples.
Communication about a book and reading: dynamics of forms in historical and cultural context
Authors: Askarova Violetta Ya.
Published: February 2025

The study of interaction of various actors of communication is necessary for understanding its driving force, identifying cause and effect relationships in the field of publication, distribution and perception of various texts. The author examines the role of communication in the book process, the dynamics of its forms in the historical and cultural context, starting from the birth of literature up to the modern era of digital communications. An increase in readers autonomy from traditional cultural mediators and an increase in the role of informal reading leaders in conditions of the Internet space development.
The Memory of a Thing – The Revived Story of a Lost Artifact
Authors: Avanesova Nona A.
Published: February 2025

The focus of the reviewed monograph Memories in a Thing: «The Spirit of Armenia» in the Images and Stories of a Forgotten Artifact is a family tapestry, an example of artistic carpet weaving made in Samarkand in 1909. Through the history of the existence of this artwork, the experience of the Armenian people’s spiritual overcoming of the challenges of time against the backdrop of the dramatic events of the early 20th century is revealed. Being an example of interdisciplinary research, Professor V.I. Ionesov’s book immerses the reader in Armenia’s past as well as shows the ways of preserving the national-cultural identity in the conditions of the great trials. The author proves that the “memory of a thing” is capable of becoming a productive basis not only for historical reconstruction, but also for actual socio-cultural design and artistic creation.
The Difference of the External and Internal Point of View in the Text with an Unreliable Narrator (Based on the Material of I. Andreev’s Short Story Thought)
Authors: Smolenskaya Mariya A.
Published: February 2025

L. Andreev’s short story Thought has a complex narrative organization. The author of the article proves that there are two narrators in the narrative– primary and secondary ones. The primary narrator introduces the reader to the circumstances of the crime and shows the final scene of the trial. The reliable primary narrator prefers to keep the narrative intrigue and stops the narrative reporting the equal split of jurors’ opinions. The secondary narrator Dr. Kerzhentsev, who has committed the crime, writes notes for forensic examination in which he appears as an unreliable narrator with altered consciousness. The study reveals the main principle of the text construction in Andreev’s story, i.e. a binary opposition: the primary and secondary narrators, division of Kerzhentsev’s point of view into external and internal ones, contrasting his narrative with the notes on “the scraps of paper” from the moments of the narrative which reveal the narrator’s “true face”.
The syntagmatic and paradigmatic aspects of a musical text in the religious practice of Orthodox Islam
Authors: Shaiakhmetova Alfiia K.
Published: February 2025

The performance of the Quran and sacred texts in the mosque of orthodox Islam is purely vocal, the intonation nature is in many ways related to the intonation system of Quranic texts; moreover, it assumes a special manner of intonation with the involvement of specific resources of the expression of the human voice. The content of this study is centered at the very matter of the sounding word in the mosque exemplified by juma namaz (Congregational Friday prayer). For the first time, a number of basic structures at the syntactic level in a musical text, which are a means of cementing the fabric, and sometimes carry the semantic load of a particular chant, have been distinguished. The article presents the structure of the entire service, an attempt to reveal the syntagmatic and paradigmatic nature of the organization of the musical fabric has been made.
Reading culture in a digital transition
Authors: Maslova Yulia V.
Published: February 2025

In the digital age, reading culture is undergoing a fundamental transformation. Manifestations of this process have been observed over the past twenty years; however, no one has yet undertaken to clearly predict their prospects. The forecasts of some specialists are characterized by cultural pessimism (the end of book culture is near), by prediction of diversification of specific media (print culture will find its new niche), or by technological optimism (digital innovation is ahead). The documentary stream is abundant in reasoning, research on digital technologies, digital culture, digital transformation of the society, etc., but, at the same time, it reveals a shortage of publications on the culture of reading in general and its current state in particular. The author of the article reflects on the transformation of reading culture, the current realities of digital reading on a global scale, as well as changes taking place in the field of perception, consumption, information processing and interpretation of texts.
Between A.P. Chekhov and M. Gorky: Evgeny Chirikov’s play Ivan Mironych Staged by the Moscow Art Theater (1905)
Authors: Zhurcheva Olga V.
Published: February 2025

The study is devoted to the analysis of one of the most famous plays by E.N. Chirikov Ivan Mironych from the point of view of its reflection of Chekhov’s and Gorky’s artistic search. The process of staging the play at the Moscow Art Theater was reflected in K.S. Stanislavsky’s directing diary, where the idea of the connection between the play and previous productions of A.P. Chekhov’s and M. Gorky’s works appeared for the first time. This director’s observation makes us think not only about the peculiarities of the poetics of Chirikov’s play, but also about the place of the playwright in the context of the literary and theatrical life of his time. The common tendencies in recreation on the stage the Russian provincial life with its vulgarity, boredom, darkness of despiritualization make Chirikov’s work akin to Chekhov’s and Gorky’s theater. However, Chirikov’s characters are more modest and unassuming, their longing for the future is focused on establishing spiritual independence and does not go beyond the same ordinariness.
A National Library as a Type: Territorial Peculiarities of Emergence, Historical Formst
Authors: Matveev Mikhail Yu.
Published: February 2025

The reasons for the emergence of national libraries and the factors that influenced their formation and development were individual in each case. The article provides information on the origin and characteristic features of institutions of this type founded in different countries of the world (Russia, the UK, Germany, the USA, etc.). Using the cognitive potential of the classification method, the author analyzes the specifics of national libraries, their institutional and functional differences. The main libraries of different countries were initially formed as public, parliamentary, university and museum ones, which left its own unique imprint on their acquisition policy, the composition of funds and the target audience of their service.
Pharmacophore Generation and Structure-Based Strategies For Nnrti Development Against HIV-1 Rt
Authors: Sanober MD , Mamidala Estari
Published: February 2025

The development of Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)  is critical in combating HIV-1 due to the virus’s high mutation rate and resistance  to current therapies. This study aims to identify potential NNRTIs through  pharmacophore generation and structure-based drug design, focusing on the  interaction of candidate molecules with HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT). Using  molecular docking, three ligands, ZINC000002416705, ZINC000002416703,  and ZINC000014171386, were analyzed for their binding affinity, inhibition  constants, and interactions with key active site residues. The need for this study  arises from the ongoing challenge of drug resistance in HIV treatment. To  identify and evaluate potential NNRTIs against HIV-1 RT using structure-based  pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking. HIV-1 RT was prepared by  removing non-essential molecules, and ligand structures were retrieved and  optimized. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock, and interactions  were analyzed using Biovia Discovery Studio. ZINC000002416705 exhibited the  highest binding affinity (-8.66 kcal/mol) with significant hydrophobic interactions,  though it lacked interaction with critical active site residues. ZINC000002416703  showed strong binding (-7.77 kcal/mol) and lower inhibition constant but no  hydrogen bonding. ZINC000014171386, with a binding energy of -7.19 kcal/mol,  directly interacted with key residues Lys101, Val106, and Cys181, demonstrating  a potential as an effective NNRTI. ZINC000014171386 emerged as a promising  NNRTI candidate, with binding characteristics comparable to the standard drug  Nevirapine, warranting further investigation and optimization.
Exploring the Versatility of Bacillus spp. Secondary Metabolites: its mode of action and application in various field
Authors: Dholiya Krunal kumar , Pandya Nilesh Kumar
Published: February 2025

Bacillus spp. is a rich source of various Secondary Metabolites (SMs) that are used for diverse purposes. These include lipopeptides, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides and many more which possess strong antimicrobial, antifungal and insecticidal properties thereby making them useful ingredients for biotechnology, agriculture, cosmetics, healthcare and food preservation. This review provides an overview on the current understanding of Bacillus SM’s diversity that has been overlooked to some extent as well as their mode-of-action and application prospects. Recent technological advancements—such as metagenomics, synthetic biology, CRISPR-Cas9, machine learning, microfluidics, and high-throughput screening—have accelerated discoveries and optimized SM production. The use of SMs as plant growth promoting compound in agriculture controlling pathogens while may also have pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic applications. Furthermore, they possess a broad range of industrial applications, including use in detergents and food preservatives, offering more versatility and environmental friendliness compared to chemical alternatives. Though there has been significant progress there still exist major knowledge gaps in regulation and ecological roles played by SMs that need to be addressed through research. As we uncover the secrets behind the production and various application of SMs, microorganisms can become effective allies in addressing global challenges for a healthier, more sustainable planet.
Design and Development of a Digital Platform for Peer - to - Peer Book Exchange
Authors: Vedant Manoj Salunke  , Sharmila More
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the design and development of a comprehensive digital platform for peer to peer book exchange platform aimed at fostering a community driven environment for sharing and exchanging books. The platform is intended to provide users with a seamless and secure way to trade books, enhancing accessibility to a wide variety of reading materials. Key features of the platform include a user-friendly interface design and robust user verification and rating systems. Through extensive user surveys and iterative prototyping, this study identifies the critical requirements and preferences of potential users, ensuring the platform meets their needs. The paper also discusses the technical challenges encountered during development and the solutions implemented to address them. By promoting the reuse and exchange of books, the platform aims to contribute to sustainable reading practices and create a more connected literary community. Through its innovative approach, the platform not only facilitates book exchanges but also fosters a culture of sharing knowledge and building connections among avid readers
Retos, oportunidades y estrategias en la enseñanza del español
Authors: Sampson Elizabeth Abigail
Published: February 2025

El español es una lengua extranjera de Trinidad y Tobago que es un país anglohablante del Caribe. Este idioma es una materia obligatoria en las escuelas secundarias públicas por los tres primeros años, pero hay estudiantes que deciden estudiar por cinco o siete años. Hay retos que los docentes experimentan en su enseñanza. Por eso, es necesario que utilicen varias estrategias de enseñanza. La importancia del español como una lengua extranjera en Trinidad y Tobago y las teorías del aprendizaje y adquisición de una lengua extranjera forman gran parte de esta investigación. Este artículo examina la enseñanza del español en Trinidad y Tobago: los desafíos, oportunidades y las estrategias por los/las profesores/as trinitenses y tobaguenses del español.
Comunicación digital influye en pensamiento crítico, lógico matemático de estudiantes de colegios públicos panameños
Authors: Díaz Quiroz Máximo Javier
Published: February 2025

Los estándares curriculares americanos pretenden que progresivamente los niños sean capaces de ver el conjunto de datos como un todo, describir su forma y usar las características estadísticas, como el rango y las medidas de tendencia central para comparar, considerando el ciclo: formular preguntas, recoger datos y representarlos (Batanero 2002). En Panamá los estudiantes tienen poco desarrollado el pensamiento crítico y lógico matemático que les permite tomar decisiones basados en datos científicos. El objetivo de esta investigación es establecer la importancia del razonamiento lógico matemático que propicia el aprendizaje de la estadística, desde la escuela básica, para crear una cultura estadística en los ciudadanos del mañana. La metodología utilizada fue la recopilación de documentos tales como, artículos científicos, tesis, etc. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que las herramientas digitales y la tecnología de la información y comunicación (TICS) representan un apoyo a la obtención de los objetivos trazados. De tal modo que, al desarrollar esa habilidad desde infantes, el país podrá contar con jóvenes con capacidad analítica frente al bombardeo de información que reciben, a través de dispositivos móviles. En consecuencia, los resultados de la prueba (PISA) pudieran mejorar y colocar en un mejor sitial a nuestro país.
ASSESSMENT OF EMPATHY SCORES AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF A PRIVATE MEDICAL COLLEGE, LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Hasnain Seema , Ali Ammad , Safdar Ayesha
Published: February 2025

Background:The most vital component of healthy physician-patient relationships is empathy, which is strongly linked to better patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the empathy score among medical students across the academic years and to find out the association of empathy scores with gender, year of study and specialty chosen by the students.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical students after having approval from institutional review board on a validated self-reported Jefferson scale of empathy –student version (JSE-S) from August 23 to January 24. Data was collected from the students who were present on the day of data collection by convenience sampling technique. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25 version.Results:Out of 619 students 594 filled the questionnaire. The mean empathy score was 88.1±10.31. There was no statistically significant relationship of gender with mean score of empathy p Value (0.08) but there was statistical difference of the empathy score with academic years(p=0.002). There is statistically significant association of gender with perspective (p=0.00) and compassion (p=0.024) subscales of JSE-S version. However, there is significant statistical difference of perspective, compassion and walking in patient shoes subscales in relation to academic years (p-value=0.001, 0.001 and 0.026 respectively).Conclusion:The empathy score was low in this study. The empathy score was high in first year and fourth year. No relationship was demonstrated depending on the career preference. Year of medical training and preclinical/ clinical categories has strongandsignificant relationship with empathy levels
Dual-edged health benefit of Akkermansia muciniphila: impact on metformin and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes – a perspective
Authors: Rajpurohit Yogendra Singh
Published: February 2025

The gastrointestinal tract inner mucus layer, primarily composed of mucins, serves vital functions, including facilitating food movement and providing a barrier against microorganisms and toxins. Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria, thriving on mucins, bolster the gut barrier and outcompete pathogens. Their abundance correlates with mucin content, production of short-chain fatty acids, lowering of intestinal inflammation, and enhances tight junction proteins expression. Metformin medications, used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metformin’s benefits in T2DM involve modulation of the microbiome, notably increasing Akkermansia muciniphila and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) production, aiding glucose balance via gut-liver crosstalk. A relative increase of Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut has a beneficial effect, but its overabundance may thin the mucus layer, compromising the gut barrier function. Excessive Akkermansia muciniphila, possibly from prolonged metformin use, could disrupt the gut barrier and increased lipopolysaccharide challenge, fostering inflammation and
potential metformin resistance. Thus, clinically, leveraging metformin-induced microbiome changes warrants caution, especially in chronic T2DM management, due to potential inflammation exacerbation via mucin breakdown, urging contextual evaluation before therapeutic decisions.
mp-MRI of prostate gland with PI-RADS v2.1 assessment: correlation with fusion biopsy results
Authors: Güleryüz Kızıl Pınar , Altan Şükrü Ali , Tarhan Nefise Çağla , Adsan Öztuğ
Published: February 2025

Aims: The aim of our study is to evaluate the correlation of patients reported as 3, 4 and 5 according to ‘Prostate Imaging Reporting Data System’ (PI-RADS) on 1.5 and 3 tesla (T) multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) with fusion biopsy results and to find out the effectiveness of mp-MRI in directing to fusion biopsy.
Methods: In our institution, between 2017-2020, 73 patients who underwent targeted fusion biopsy were included in the study retrospectively. The patients had biopsy from a total of 116 lesions reported as PI-RADS 3, 4 and 5 (with v2 and v2.1 criteria) on the mp-MRI examinations. In our department, 1.5T (Symphony, Siemens, Germany) MRI was used until June 2018 for the imaging of patients. After this date, 3T (Ingenia, Philips Medical Systems, Netherlands) MRI was used. MRI images were re-examined independently by two radiologists. Both radiologists used PI-RADS v2.1 criteria for lesion scoring, since all the images were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: When the diagnosis of significant and insignificant cancers were considered together; with MRI, observer 1's sensitivity 93.10%, specificity 58.62%, positive predictive value (PPV) 42.85% and negative predictive value (NPV) 96.22%, observer 2’s sensitivity 89.65%, specificity 68,96%, PPV 49% and NPV 95.25% was calculated. When only clinically significant cancers were considered; observer 1's sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 69.11%, PPV 66.66% and NPV 88.67%, observer 2’s sensitivity 83.33%, specificity 80.88%, PPV 75.47% and NPV 87.30% was calculated. In the kappa test which was performed to calculate interobserver agreement between the two observers; k = 0.801 was calculated and found to be substantial agreement (p?0.01).
Conclusion: The high rate of malignant lesions scored as PI-RADS 4 and 5 in prostate MRI reveals that these patients should be directed to biopsy. Focus-oriented biopsy using MRI guidance increases the PPV and prevents unnecessary systemic biopsies and complications.
Spinal meningitis and abscess associated with dermal sinus tract: a case report
Authors: Başakoğlu Başak , Şişman Hasancan , Karaman Ahmet Kürşat , Sarıahmetoğlu Ömer Faruk , Korkmazer Bora , Arslan Serdar , Kızılkılıç Osman
Published: February 2025

This case report discusses an 11-month-old male with a dermal sinus tract (DST) complicated by spinal meningitis and a long-segment intramedullary abscess. DSTs are rare congenital malformations that may remain asymptomatic until complicated by infections or neurological deficits. The patient was presented with prolonged fever and motor weakness in the extremities, leading to the discovery of a lumbosacral DST and associated abscess via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and contrast-enhanced spinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Prompt surgical excision of the DST, drainage of the abscess, and prolonged antibiotic therapy resulted in significant clinical improvement. This case underscores the importance of early recognition, advanced imaging, and aggressive management to mitigate the severe neurological consequences of DST-associated infections.
Integration of artificial intelligence and socio-emotional development in university students from southern Peru
Authors: Yana-Salluca Marisol
Published: February 2025

This research aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between the integration of artificial intelligence and socio-emotional development in university students from southern Peru. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 1,172 students of both sexes, selected through non-probabilistic sampling, administered the Artificial Intelligence Integration in Learning Questionnaire and the Socio-Emotional Development Questionnaire, instruments with adequate psychometric properties. The results indicate that the integration of artificial intelligence was moderately adequate, and socio-emotional development was rated moderately. On the other hand, it was determined that Spearman's rho correlation coefficient between both variables was 0.352 (p<0.05). Finally, it was concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between integrating artificial intelligence and socio-emotional development in university students from southern Peru. This implies that the appropriate use of artificial intelligence tools can enhance socio-emotional skills, fostering a more inclusive and dynamic academic context. Likewise, its implementation could serve as a strategic resource to improve students' social interaction and emotional well-being, contributing to the achievement of comprehensive development in the university setting.