bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Jk3 in a Filipino man
Authors: McCaskill S. , Wise S. , Tinsley S.
Published: May 2021

A 62-year-old Filipino man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was admitted to the emergency department at Hospital A with recurrent fevers, weakness, and jaundice. The patient was evaluated and eventually discharged with a diagnosis of possible drug-induced hepatitis. One month later, the patient was admitted to Hospital B for recurrent fevers and weakness. The patient’s hemoglobin was 3.8 g/dL. Six units of packed red blood cells (RBCs) were ordered for transfusion. The patient’s sample typed as group B, D+, and the antibody screen was negative. All six units of packed RBCs appeared compatible (at immediate spin) and were transfused to the patient. His hemoglobin level 4 days post-transfusion was 9.3 g/dL, and the patient was discharged. The patient returned after a week for follow-up and his hemoglobin was found to have dropped to 8.5 g/dL, which continued to fall until it reached 7.0 g/dL. Additional packed RBCs were ordered for transfusion. During subsequent pre-transfusion compatibility testing, the antibody screen was found to be positive (all screening cells reactive at the antihuman globulin phase). An antibody identification panel was performed. The patient’s serum was found to react with all panel cells tested, including the autocontrol tube. A direct antiglobulin test revealed the presence of both anti-IgG and anti-C3 coating the patient’s RBCs. The specimen was then sent to a reference laboratory for further testing. Results from the reference lab testing revealed the presence of anti-Jk3 in the patient’s serum. The patient was placed on steroids, and his reticulocyte count increased with no further signs of extravascular hemolysis. No additional transfusions were necessary. He was eventually discharged with a hemoglobin of 13.6 g/dL. The purpose of this case study is to report the findings of an extremely rare but clinically significant antibody, anti-Jk3.
Immunohematology

2015;31:119–122.
JMH blood group system: a review
Authors: Johnson S.T.
Published: May 2021

The JMH blood group system consists of six high-prevalence antigens. These antigens are located on the Sema7A protein. The molecular basis of the JMH1– phenotype is not known; however, single nucleotide changes in the SEMA7A gene on chromosome 15 account for the other JMH antigens. JMH1, commonly known as JMH, is most notable because transient depression of the antigen occurs and anti-JMH may develop. These antibodies are most commonly observed and are not significant in transfusion. Antibodies developed in the rare JMH variant types may cause reduced red cell survival. This review provides a general overview of the JMH blood group system, including the serologic and molecular characteristics as well as proposed functions of the Sema7A protein.
Immunohematology

2014;30:18–23.
A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with anti-D specificity in a 1-year-old child
Authors: Bercovitz R.S. , Macy M. , Ambruso D.R.
Published: May 2021

Although antibodies to antigens in the Rh blood group system are common causes of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, specificity for only the D antigen is rare in autoimmune hemolysis in pediatric patients. This case reports an anti-D associated with severe hemolytic anemia (Hb = 2.1 g/dL) in a previously healthy 14-month-old child who presented with a 3-day history of low-grade fevers and vomiting. Because of his severe anemia, on admission to the hospital he was found to have altered mental status, metabolic acidosis, abnormal liver function tests, and a severe coagulopathy. He was successfully resuscitated with uncrossmatched units of group O, D– blood, and after corticosteroid therapy he had complete resolution of his anti-D-mediated hemolysis.
Immunohematology

2013;29:15–18.
Single-center comparison of gel microcolumn and solid-phase methods for antibody screening
Authors: Schmidt A.M. , Bendix B.J. , Jacob E.K. , Bryant S.C. , Stubbs J.R.
Published: May 2021

Our facility changed antibody screening methods from a gel microcolumn–based test (ID-Micro Typing System Gel Test; Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Inc., Raritan, NJ) to an automated solid-phase test (Galileo/Capture-R Ready-Screen [I and II], Immucor, Inc., Norcross, GA). To determine whether detection rates for commonly encountered clinically significant red blood cell antibodies differed as a consequence of this change, preimplementation and postimplementation antibody identification records were retrospectively reviewed. A statistically significant difference in the percentage of positive screening tests during the gel microcolumn testing period (73,903 total screens, 1.56% confirmed positive) versus the solid-phase screening period (80,242 total screens, 1.81% confirmed positive; p < 0.0002) was observed. The number of antibodies to K identified was significantly lower with solid phase than with gel (27% decrease; p = 0.004). It is unknown whether there is a statistical difference in delayed or hemolytic transfusion reaction rates as this was not evaluated.
Immunohematology

2013;29:101–04.
A novel JK null allele associated with typing discrepancies among African Americans
Authors: Billingsley K.L. , Posadas J.B. , Moulds J.M. , Gaur L.K.
Published: May 2021

The Jknull(Jk-3) phenotype, attributable to null or silenced alleles, has predominantly been found in persons of Polynesian descent. With the increased use of molecular genotyping, many new silencing mutations have been identified in persons of other ethnic backgrounds. To date, only two JKnull alleles have been reported in African Americans, JK*01N.04and JK*01N.05.A comparative study was undertaken to determine whether JKmutations were present in the regional African American population. Results of donor genotyping were compared with previously recorded results of serologic tests, and discrepant results were investigated. Although the two previously identified polymorphisms were not detected in the discrepant samples, a novel allele (191G>A) was identified and was assigned the ISBT number JK*02N.09.This study illustrates a limitation of using single-nucleotide polymorphisms for prediction of blood group antigens.
Immunohematology

2013;29:145–148.
Correlation between thrombodynamics test levels and the incidence of venous thromboembolic complications in prostate cancer patients undergone radical prostatectomy. Retrospective study
Authors: Suvorin Pavel A. , Khoronenko V. E. , Smirnova T. Yu. , Alexandrova E. A.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. According to international studies, the frequency of venous thromboembolism (VTE), in cancer patients, is between 5–7 %. The presence of VTE in cancer patients during the oncological treatment increases the risk of lethal outcome. The pelvic cavity, especially in patients with cancer of the prostate gland, represents one of the main thrombogenic localizations. This problem remains actual despite the implementation of modern techniques of VTE prophylaxis and laboratory control of the hemostatic system.
Objectives. to assess the correlation between thrombodynamics test levels and the frequency of VTE complications in prostate cancer patients after surgical treatment.
Materials and methods. 59 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with or without lymphadenectomy were included in the study. Preoperative assessment included standard laboratory investigations and an ultrasound examination to exclude deep vein thrombosis in lower extremities. To calculate the risk of VTE, Caprini score was used. Pharmacological prophylaxis of VTE was performed according to the ASCO clinical recommendations with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), the dose was selected out of the patient weight. In the early postoperative period, standard coagulation tests were performed at 3 control points with the determination of D-dimer and the thrombodynamics test. Ultrasound monitoring of lower extremities was performed on the 3rd day after surgery and the day before discharge.
Results. The incidence of VTE in the early postoperative period was found as 5 %. Using the thrombodynamics test we’ve revealed that if the steady-state rate of clot growth rises above 43 μm/min before administration or at the peak of LMWH action in the first 3 days after surgery, the risk of thrombosis increases significantly.
Conclusion. The steady-state clot growth rate exceeding 43 μm/min can be used as a criterion for an increased risk of VTE in patients undergone radical prostatectomy.
Technologies for training leaders of children choirs.
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla (Ufa)., Levina Irma R. , Sevastyanov Alexey S. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University (Ufa)., Dustova Zamira S. ,   Bashkir state pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla (Ufa).
Published: May 2021

This article describes the psychological and pedagogical features of managing a children choir, professional appearance of the head of the children choir, special musical relationship and psycho-pedagogical disciplines in professional training of the head of the vocal group, lists the methods of the development of musical and psycho-pedagogical competencies of future choirmaster. The subject of the study is the professional training of the leaders of vocal groups. The methodological basis of the study was: system-activity approach to the analysis of personality and activity (L.S. Vygotsky, S.L. Rubinstein, A.N. Leontiev, B.G. Ananyev, B.F. Lomov); a systematic approach to the study of personality and the subject of professional development (B.M. Teplov, K.A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya, etc.); an activity-based approach to obtaining musical knowledge (E.B. Abdullin, Yu.B. Aliev, O.A. Apraksina, G.M. Tsypin); psychological concepts of labor activity, professionalism, professional success of domestic scientists (E.A. Klimov, A.K. Markova, T.A. Zhalagina, B.A. Dushkov, etc.). The process of training the leader of a children choir includes the interaction of special musical and psychological-pedagogical education courses.
Interactive teaching methods for primery school: the algorithm for designing interactive activities.
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University (Perm)., Volkova Liliia V. , Zanina Kristina A. ,   Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University (Perm)
Published: May 2021

The article describes the results of the development and testing of an algorithm for designing interactive activities for primary school. The algorithm is developed taking into account the characteristics of modern primary school students, examining different interpretations of the concept «interactive» in different spheres of human life and fields of study (such as linguistics, sociology, psychology, pedagogy) and considering the problem of using the term «interactive» in the modern education system. The algorithm for designing interactive activities includes six sequential steps: to select the content; to choose a type of group for the activity; to create the activity in which each student will personally participate; to think over different options to provide choice for students; to select the technical means; to set a time limit. Each action of the algorithm is depicted from the perspective of a primary school teacher. The survey of the teachers found significant changes in teachers’ perceptions of the term «interactive», in their understanding of distinctive features of the interactive activities and difficulties to create suitable interactive activities. It is noted the importance of continuing research in the aspect of the influence of interactive activities on the educational achievements of primary school students (including the development of functional literacy). The article was prepared with the financial support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the research project «The development of functional literacy among primary school students in the implementation of educational programs».
Analysis of risk factors for vitamin D deficiency by results of the first stage of Russian non-interventional register study
Authors: Suplotova L. A. , Avdeeva V. A. , Rozhinskaya L. Y. , Pigarova E. A. , Troshina E. A.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. In Russian Federation, there are no comprehensive studies assessing the quality of life and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, taking into account its status in different geographic latitudes.

Aim. To assess the quality of life and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the population living in the regions of the Russian Federation located at latitudes from 45 ° to 70 °.

Materials and methods. The first stage of the Russian multicenter non-interventional registry study using the “cross-sectional” method was carried out from March 2020 to May 2020.

Results and discussion. According to the results of the correlation analysis, qualitative and quantitative factors were identified, presumably being risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and deficiency. Qualitative risk factors include: education; alcohol consumption; being in direct sunlight for more than 30 minutes a day; visit to the solarium; using sunscreen; drinking coffee; taking medications (not vitamin-mineral complexes). Quantitative factors include: visits to specialists (total per year); smoking (duration, years); exercise for more than 30 minutes a day, once a week; being in direct sunlight for more than 30 minutes a day.

Conclusion. A wide range of risk factors for vitamin D deficiency dictates the need for their further study to clarify the category of persons who are shown targeted biochemical screening with subsequent drug correction.
Qualification in the field of osteoporosis treatment in doctors working in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine
Authors: Marchenkova L. A.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The special rehabilitation programs are often required for patients with osteoporosis (OP). So physicians working in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine should be well-versed in this problem.

Aims. To study the awareness of doctors of rehabilitation medicine in the field of diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and their activity in providing medical care to patients with OP.

Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey of 157 doctors (M-34, F-123) of 8 medical specialties working in 27 specialized medical institutions on the profile of “medical rehabilitation” was carried out. The questionnaire for doctors consisted of 21 items of special questions.

Results and discussion. In the sample of rehabilitation doctors, 90.45% of the interviewed doctors believed that the problem of OP is relevant for their clinical activities, 100% of the respondents indicated that the presence of OP significantly affects the rehabilitation prognosis and 95.54% - on the degree of effectiveness of medical rehabilitation. According to the respondents, patients with OP make up on average 30.0% [20.0; 50.0] (0-90) of the total flow of patients. Endocrinologists (all surveyed doctors - 100%), obstetricians - gynecologists (66.67%) and therapists (60%) are mainly involved in the treatment of OP. Most often, specialists from rehabilitation institutions recommend zoledronic acid (23.57% of doctors indicated in this aspect), preparations of vitamin D (23.57%) and calcium (14.65%), various methods of physical therapy (14.65%) and parenteral form of ibandronic acid (12.74%).

Conclusions. The presence of OP significantly affects the rehabilitation prognosis and the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation. 23.57% of specialists in the field of rehabilitation medicine prescribe treatment for OP to patients, giving preference to parenteral bisphosphonates, vitamin D, calcium and physical exercises.
Riedel's thyroiditis: diagnostic difficulties (clinical case and brief review)
Authors: Rybakova A. A. , Platonova N. M. , Soldatova T. V. , Tarbaeva N. V. , Panevin T. S. , Troshina E. A.
Published: May 2021

Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare disease characterized by chronic fibrosis. Clinical performance of this disease is dense stony goiter, which can poorly be displaced during palpation. The overgrowth of the goiter can lead to the development of compression syndrome. To diagnose we need to made fine needle biopsy and made the final diagnose according to its results or according to the morphological description of the postoperative material. An important step in the diagnosis of Riedel's thyroiditis is the determination of serum IgG and IgG4 to exclude an IgG4-associated disease. Treatment of this disease includes drug therapy, which is based on glucocorticosteroids administration or surgical treatment when develops compression syndrome. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with Riedel's thyroiditis; the main complaints were associated with the growth of goiter and the development of compression syndrome. In this regard, patient underwent surgery on the thyroid gland, and after this we get final diagnose. Due to feeling unwell, drug therapy with glucocorticosteroids was prescribed, against the background of which we noted a positive trend.
Analysis of the formation of dysglycemia in the substantiation of early pathogenetic therapy of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ruyatkina L. A. , Ruyatkin D. S. , Iskhakova I. S.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. To control carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD), which are closely related to the effect on the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), their early, pathogenetically substantiated and prognosis-oriented therapy is required with a view to positive metabolic memory. The choice of drugs is based on the analysis of the formation of pre-nosological CMD - variants of prediabetes. The indices of the homeostatic model HOMA and the TyG family are most often used to assess the main links in the pathogenesis of CMD, IR and the secretory capacity of β-cells.

Objective: to assess the basic pathogenetic links in prenosological CMD in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) using a cohort of postmenopausal women: parameters of IR and secretory capacity of β-cells according to the TyG and HOMA-2 indices. Materials and methods. The examined 94 postmenopausal women 58.0 (53.0; 63.0) years old were divided into groups by history and HbA1c levels (%). Group 1 consisted of patients with T2DM (7.20: 6.60; 7.98) with a duration of 4.0 (2.0; 7.0) years; women with two-fold fasting normoglycemia without a history of CMD were classified according to their HbA1c levels into group 2 (prediabetes) and 3 (without CMD) twice: according to WHO criteria - 6.15 (6.03; 6.30) and 5.45 (5.20; 5.80); and ADA - 6.00 (5.80; 6.23) and 5.35 (5.05; 5.40), respectively. The indices TyG, HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%S, and HOMA2-%B were determined (based on C-peptide calculations).

Results and discussion. The performed analysis confirms the contribution of IR/insulin sensitivity to the progression of CMD with the participation of the phenomenon of lipoglucotoxicity at the prenosological stage of their formation, starting with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% levels. The inadequate secretory response of β-cells reflects an early decline in their functional abilities even at the stage of prediabetes. This limits the effectiveness of the classical stepwise scheme for intensifying glucose-lowering therapy with a T2DM duration of less than 10 years.

Conclusions. Along with the timely diagnosis of dysglycemia, to control the cardiometabolic risk, it is advisable to use drug combinations early in terms of their effect on the key links in the pathogenesis of CMD: insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Pioglitazone has been substantiated as an insulin sensitizer, which has a proven effect on the regression of early CMD and a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events. In order to eliminate incretin dysfunction, which is closely related to the adequacy of the secretory capabilities of β-cells to the needs of impaired glucose homeostasis, a rational combination with an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4.
Parallels of infections of diabetic foot syndrome at inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment
Authors: Zemlianoi A. B. , Zelenina T. A. , Salukhov V. V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Long-lasting ulcerative defects in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) are prone to reinfection, persistence of primary and hospital-acquired infection, and the infectious process is often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO).

Aim of the study: to compare the prevalence and specific characteristics of the severe diabetic foot infection pathogens during the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.

Materials and methods. We included 62 type 2 diabetic inpatients (group 1) with severe foot infection and 102 diabetic foot outpatients (group 2) with postoperative wounds, who had been operated on and discharged from the hospital, in to the study.

Cultures were obtained after surgery interventions immediately and on 14 days of hospitalization in group 1 of patients and in group 2 of patients with clinical signs of infection. Microbe species and resistant of pathogens to antibiotic were assessed.

Results and discussion. Severe infection connected with polymicrobe pathogens in both groups of patients. However, the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was different. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Gram-positive bacteria in the wound samples of group 1 of patients with acute infection obtained after surgery interventions immediately. In the wound cultures of group 1 on 14 day of hospitalization and group 2 the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was the same. It should be noted that there is still a high total frequency of isolation of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli among Gram-negative pathogens in complicated diabetic foot infection both at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.

Conclusion. The great finding of the study is the identification of a parallel of the same prevalence of Gram-positive and Gramnegative pathogens in a prolonged infection at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment. The role of Enterobacterales increased with duration of infection. The prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales makes this group of microorganisms as important as Staphylococcaceae in the complicated course of the infectious process. Polyvalent microbial spectrum of pathogens significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment.
Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis: pathogenetic relationship and current principles of treatment
Authors: Demidova T. Y. , Plakhotnyaya V. M.
Published: May 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well known risk factor for osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures. A lot of data has been published about the relationship between diabetes and bone health. DM type 1 and DM type 2 have different effects on bone mineral density (BMD). The central link in pathogenesis of bone fragility in patients with DM type 1 is a violation of the activity and gifferentiation of osteoblasts. On the contrary, hyperinsulinemia in DM type 2 activates the division and gifferentiation of osteoblasts and contributes to an increase in BMD. However, Higher BMD values in patients with DM type 2 are combined with slowdown in bone metabolism. As the result, high-quality bone remodeling does not occur. And bone strength decreases despite the high BMD. Despite the differences, DM type 1 and DM type 2 have common pathogenic pathways, that lead to increased bone fragility. For example, non-enzymatic glycation of bone matrix collagen and increase in concentration of sclerostin, which blocks the Wnt signaling pathway. In this review, we will analyze current data about epidemiology and pathogenesis of osteoporosis in DM and discuss the practical issues of the clinic, diagnosis, stratification of fracture risk and treatment. Special attention will be paid to the effects of glucose-lowering and anti-osteoporotic drugs on bone tissue.
AVALIAÇÃO DE AGROTÓXICOS EM SOLO DE SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA CONVENCIONAL E AGROECOLÓGICO
Authors: Morro Fernanda , Schnitzler Danielle
Published: May 2021

EVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS IN SOIL OF CONVENTIONAL AND AGROECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. At the Contestado Settlement, Lapa, PR, soil samples from agroecological and conventional environments were evaluated against the agrochemicals alachlor, atrazine, chlorpyrifos and trifluralin. For sampling, 3 depths were considered, 10 points were selected, 5 in an agroecological and 5 in the conventional environment, with sampling frequency was at 2-month intervals. The samples were characterized according to textural, chemical and fertility parameters and the data were used in the chemometric study (PCA) demonstrating that the environments are different. The method of extraction, identification and quantification was validated at the trace level. The analytes were analyzed by GC-MS/MS, the recovery values were between 83 to 113%, RSD less than 14%, LD equal to 0.01; 0.0028; 0.004 and 002 μg kg-1, LQ equal to 0.04; 0.008; 0.011 and 0.05 μg kg-1, for alachlor, atrazine, chlorpyrifos and trifluralin, respectively. Chlorpyrifos was identified in the Conv3 and trifluralin in the Agro2 and 3 and Conv2 environments. Therefore, the application of pesticides in conventional environments can contaminate agroecological environments. The effect of rain/precipitation on the samples was evaluated by simulation and it was found that the physical-chemical properties of the compounds and the soil have an influence on their behavior in the soil profile.
A toolkit for costing environmental health services in healthcare facilities
Authors: Anderson Darcy M. , Wren Tracy J. , Cronk Ryan , Schram Hayley , Behnke Nikki , Bartram Jamie
Published: May 2021

Environmental health services (EHS) are critical for safe and functional healthcare facilities (HCFs). Understanding costs is important for improving and sustaining access to EHS in HCFs, yet the understanding of costs is poor and no tools exist to specifically support costing EHS in HCFs in low- and middle-income countries. We developed a toolkit to guide the following steps of costing EHS in HCFs: defining costing goals, developing and executing a data collection plan, calculating costs, and disseminating findings. The costing toolkit is divided into eight step-by-step modules with instructions, fillable worksheets, and guidance for effective data collection. It is designed for use by diverse stakeholders involved in funding, implementation, and management of EHS in HCFs and can be used by stakeholders with no prior costing experience. This paper describes the development, structure, and functionality of the toolkit; provides guidance for its application; and identifies good practices for costing, including pilot testing data collection tools and iterating the data collection process, involving diverse stakeholders, considering long-term costs, and disaggregating environmental costs in records to facilitate future costing. The toolkit itself is provided in the Supplementary Material.
Factores laborales que influyen en el clima laboral del personal de enfermería del Hospital Nacional “Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo”, Arequipa
Authors: Uturunco Vera Milagros Lizbeth
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Establecer los factores laborales que influyen en el clima laboral del personal de enfermería que laboran en el Hospital Nacional “Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo” (CASE), Arequipa. Materiales y Métodos: Es un estudio cuantitativo, correlacional y de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 214 enfermeras. Los instrumentos fueron: formulario de preguntas clima laboral y Escala de Clima Organizacional (EDCO). Resultados: Los factores laborales que se dan con frecuencia en el personal de enfermería del Hospital (CASE) son la motivación en la empresa, las enfermeras afirman un 51.0% nunca les reconocen y recompensan su trabajo, 84.0% consideran que la institución no brinda estabilidad laboral, 81.0% raras veces se preocupa por su capacitación. El factor laboral motivación económica, el 45.0% consideran que el sueldo que perciben es poco adecuado, los incentivos económicos recibidos de la institución son infrecuentes un 62.0%. En cuanto al factor ambiental laboral, el 49.0% consideran la relación con sus superiores es buena, 63.0% la relación con sus compañeros es buena. El factor laboral ambiente de trabajo, 55.0% consideran el ambiente físico poco favorable y el 88.0% consideran la institución les proporcionan los recursos necesarios para llevar a cabo sus actividades sólo a veces. Conclusiones: Los factores laborales de mayor influencia en el clima laboral del personal de enfermería del Hospital (CASE), son: el reconocimiento que reciben de su institución por el trabajo bien hecho, estabilidad laboral, las relaciones con los superiores y con los compañeros de trabajo.
Valorando las actividades de enfermería en el control prenatal desde la experiencia de la gestante
Authors: Guerra Nayibe , Reina Rosa , Cárdenas María Hilda , Sanmiguel Flor
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Interpretar la valoración de las actividades de enfermería en el control prenatal desde la experiencia de la gestante. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación es de enfoque cualitativo, fenomenológico hermenéutico. Como técnica de recolección de información que se emplea es la entrevista a profundidad, mediante encuentros directos con los 2 actores claves con seudónimos de agua y sol. Para el desarrollo de este estudio y el análisis de datos fue el método de Spiegelberg que permite estudiar el campo de la conciencia y explorar a las personas en estudio, partiendo de sus vivencias. Resultados: Del análisis de los resultados se derivan 2 categorías: Acciones de enfermería sentido de compromiso y Preocupación, factores de riesgos más frecuentes. De estas categorías se puede deducir que el cuidado prenatal es de suma importancia porque permite la identificación de riesgos durante el parto y así evitar las complicaciones durante su desarrollo, en donde destacan como causas de mortalidad materna las enfermedades durante su gestación. Conclusiones: Como consideraciones finales se refleja la necesidad de un acercamiento que establezca un ambiente más abierto que permita que se dé encuentros de familiaridad, confianza, respeto por el otro e ir más allá de las actividades exigidas por la institución. Además, la esencia que da enfermería a la importancia del cuidado del binomio madre e hijo en el control prenatal; esto da una apertura hacia la humanización del cuidado en su más amplio significado, ya que existen expresiones por el respeto a la vida y a la condición humana.
Rol de los interferones tipo I y tipo III: Una revisión de conceptos
Authors: Marín Sánchez Obert , Vivas-Ruiz Dan , Neira Miguel , Sandoval Gustavo A. , Marín- Machuca Olegario , Rodriguez-Landauro Ana Juliet , Chacón Ruy D.
Published: May 2021

Los interferones (IFN), inicialmente denominados como “mediadores solubles que interfieren con la infección celular por el virus de la gripe A”, son familias de proteínas secretadas que regulan la inmunidad innata y adquirida tras la activación de receptores de reconocimiento de patrones (PRR). Los IFN tienen un impacto en los procesos de proliferación, diferenciación y muerte celular. Los IFN, dependiendo de las características moleculares del gen que lo codifica y los receptores diana, se dividen en tres familias: IFN tipo I (IFNα, IFNβ, IFNω, IFNτ, IFNε), tipo II (IFNγ) y tipo III (IFNλ1, IFNλ2/3, IFN λ4). En este contexto, la presente revisión brinda los principales conceptos sobre los interferones tipo I y tipo III dado que ambos comparten la misma cascada de señalización; aunque, el mecanismo de acción de IFN tipo III, sea aún poco conocido, estos pueden ser empleados como agentes biológicos en comparación los IFN tipo I.
APRENDIZAJE SOBRE HÁBITOS SALUDABLES EN ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA EN LIMA NORTE
Authors: Yovera Elizabeth , Espíritu Norka , Carcausto Wilfredo , Tarazona David , Morales Juan
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Evaluar y comparar el nivel de aprendizaje sobre los hábitos saludables a través de medios audiovisuales y texto en estudiantes de educación primaria. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental realizado en dos Instituciones Educativas de Primaria ubicados en Lima Norte, durante 2019. Participaron voluntariamente estudiantes de ambos sexos entre 10 a 12 años de edad que cursaban el cuarto, quinto y sexto grado. La variable de estudio fue el nivel de aprendizaje sobre hábitos saludables (alimentos saludables y actividad física) después de una sesión educativa por personal capacitado, aplicado en dos grupos de intervención, en el primer grupo se empleó un texto y en el segundo grupo un medio audiovisual. La medición se realizó con un cuestionario de evaluación a criterio de los investigadores aplicado a ambos grupos. Resultados: En el pos test, el grupo de niños que participaron con lectura de texto obtuvieron una puntuación media de 64,68 (95%IC: 61,03 a 68,32), mientras que en el grupo evaluado posterior a la visualización de video la puntuación media fue de 64,73 (95%IC: 61,70 a 67,77). No hubo diferencias en la mediana de las puntuaciones en el pos-test entre el grupo de texto y video (p=0,949). Conclusión: Los textos acompañados con imágenes y materiales audiovisuales tuvieron similar efecto en el nivel de aprendizaje sobre hábitos saludables.
RIESGO DE DIABETES EN ANCIANOS QUE RESIDEN EN UNA ZONA VULNERABLE DE LIMA NORTE
Authors: Remuzgo Artezano Anika
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo de diabetes en ancianos que residen en una zona vulnerable de Lima Norte. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 82 adultos mayores que acuden al establecimiento de salud de San Martin de Porres - Perú. La técnica que se utilizo fue la encuesta y el instrumento de recolección de datos fue el Findrisc que mide el riesgo de diabetes tipo 2, el cual está compuesto por 8 preguntas. Resultados: En relación al riesgo de diabetes en ancianos predomino el nivel moderado con 47,6% (n=39), seguido del nivel ligeramente elevado con 28% (n=23), riesgo alto con 12,2% (n=10), riesgo bajo con 9,8% (n=8) y riesgo muy alto con 2,4% (n=2). En cuanto a sus dimensiones en edad predomino la edad mayor a 64 años con 69,5% (n=57), en IMC predomino de 25-30 con 52,4% (n=43), perímetro abdominal predomino Varón 94-102cm o mujer 80-88cm con 41,5% (n=34), hiperglucemia predomino el no presento con 74,4% (n=61), hipertensión arterial predomino el sí presento con 70,7% (n=58), consumo de frutas y verduras predomino el no todos los días con 69,5% (n=57), realización de ejercicios predomino el no realiza con 54,9% (n=45), y antecedentes familiares predomino el no presenta con 69,5% (n=57). Conclusiones: En cuanto al riesgo de diabetes predomino el nivel moderado. En los indicadores del FINDRISC tienen mayor vulnerabilidad el consumo de frutas y verduras, y la realización de actividad física.
IMPACTO DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19, EN LA SALUD MENTAL DE PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN A UNA CLÍNICA PRIVADA EN VENTANILLA
Authors: Gutierrez Lima Marisol , Caceres Valdez Ilda
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Se buscó determinar el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19, en la salud mental de pacientes que acuden a una clínica privada en Ventanilla. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 204 pacientes. Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta y se empleó el instrumento de medición DASS-21, que mide el nivel de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, el cual está compuesta por 21 ítems y 3 factores. Resultados: En cuanto a los participantes, la edad mínima fue 18 años y máxima 85 años, siendo la edad media 39,51 años. En relación al sexo, 116 son femenino (56,9%) y 88 masculino (43,1%). En cuanto a la salud mental de los participantes, predomino el nivel normal con 23% (n=47), seguido del moderado en un 21,6% (n=44), severo con 21,1% (n=43), leve en un 17,6% (n=36) y extremadamente severo con 16,7% (n=34). En relación a sus dimensiones, en la depresión predomino el nivel normal con 27% (n=55), en la ansiedad predomino el nivel normal en un 24% (n=49), en el estrés predomino el nivel leve con 25,5% (n=52). Conclusiones: De acuerdo a la salud mental de los pacientes, predomino el nivel normal seguido del moderado severo, severo, leve y extremadamente severo. En la dimensión depresión y ansiedad predomino el nivel normal, y en estrés predomino el nivel leve.
LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA EN TIEMPOS DEL COVID 19: OBJETOS NUEVOS Y DESAFÍOS
Authors: Montes Iturrizaga Iván
Published: May 2021

ÁGORA es la Revista de Investigación Científica de la Universidad María Auxiliadora que, a lo largo de sus siete primeros años de vida, ha venido divulgando en formato acceso abierto (open access) contribuciones originales de estudiosos nacionales y extranjeros. Tal es así que, en su identidad como medio arbitrado – preferentemente- orientado a los ámbitos de las ciencias de la salud, llega a su segundo número del año a retratar en casi todos sus artículos objetos de estudio asociados con el COVID 19.
A morte da velha bruxa: a representação dos espaços em um mito indígena da etnia Munduruku
Authors: Martins Bezerra Felipe Jessica , Garcia Gonçalves Marta Aparecida
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar, a partir dos estudos da Topoanálise de Borges Filho (2008) e Borges Filho e Silva Júnior (2012), as representações dos espaços presentes no mito indígena Munduruku “A morte da velha bruxa”, do autor indígena Daniel Munduruku (2001), narrativa que faz parte da obra As serpentes que roubaram a noite e outros mitos. Dessa forma, buscamos refletir sobre como os macro e os microespaços presentes na obra representam as experiências dos personagens e como estes, por sua vez, interagem com os espaços predominantes no texto: a floresta, a maloca da bruxa e a aldeia. Recorremos aos estudos das pesquisadoras da literatura indígena brasileira Almeida e Queiroz (2004), Thiél (2012) e Graúna (2013), acerca das especificidades da literatura em questão, assim como à concepção de Lévi-Strauss (1978) sobre mitologia.
Teachers Views About Energy Education and Energy Literacy
Authors: Boz Vildan , Görgülü Arı Asli
Published: May 2021

This research is based on a preliminary study that aims to determine secondary school students' views on energy resources. Based on the results obtained from the pre-study, in this study, it was aimed to determine the opinions of high school physics, chemistry and biology teachers on energy literacy and students' deficiencies regarding energy issues. The research was carried out as a phenomenology design from qualitative research models. The research group consists of 7 branches of teachers working in private and public schools in Istanbul. A semi-structured interview form consisting of 8 open-ended questions was used as a data collection tool. For the analysis of the data, the sound recordings taken during the interview which were categorized by writing them. The teachers’ answers were coded and frequency tables were prepared. As a result of the research, it has been determined that physics and chemistry teachers have more knowledge about energy issues. Also, some teachers do not have enough information about energy literacy, and the teachers do not see the curriculum sufficient as the reason for the deficiencies of the students. Where the findings are considered, as a result of the research, some suggestions were made.
Current Overviews on COVID-19 Management Strategies
Authors: Rai Pankaj Kumar , Mueed Zeba , Chowdhury Abhiroop , Deval Ravi , Kumar Dinesh , Kamal Mohammad A. , Negi Yogeshwar Singh , Pareek Shubhra , Sharma Hemlata , Poddar Nitesh Kumar
Published: May 2021

The coronavirus pandemic hit the world lately and caused acute respiratory syndrome in humans.
The causative agent of the disease was soon identified by scientists as SARS-CoV-2 and later
called a novel coronavirus by the general public. Due to the severity and rapid spread of the disease,
WHO classifies the COVID-19 pandemic as the 6th public health emergency even after taking efforts
like worldwide quarantine and restrictions. Since only symptomatic treatment is available, the best way
to control the spread of the virus is by taking preventive measures. Various types of antigen/antibody
detection kits and diagnostic methods are available for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. In recent
years, various phytochemicals and repurposing drugs showing a broad range of anti-viral activities with
different modes of actions have been identified. Repurposing drugs such as arbidol, hydroxychloroquine,
chloroquine, lopinavir, favipiravir, remdesivir, hexamethylene amiloride, dexamethasone, tocilizumab,
interferon-β, and neutralizing antibodies exhibit in vitro anti-coronaviral properties by inhibiting multiple
processes in the virus life cycle. Various research groups are involved in drug trials and vaccine development.
Plant-based antiviral compounds such as baicalin, calanolides, curcumin, oxymatrine,
matrine, and resveratrol exhibit different modes of action against a wide range of positive/negative
sense-RNA/DNA virus, and future researches need to be conducted to ascertain their role and use in
managing SARS-CoV-2. Thus this article is an attempt to review the current understanding of COVID-
19 acute respiratory disease and summarize its clinical features with their prospective control and various
aspects of the therapeutic approach.
Managing Nutrition for Cancer Patients during COVID-19: Review
Authors: Halfaoui Nawel , Dali Majda , Denouni Nouria , Boulenouar Houssam
Published: May 2021

Global public health bodies have ignited new policies on various handwashing and
hygiene guidelines, social distancing strategies and have adopted “stay in place” or lockdown
protocols to prevent COVID-19 from spread in many countries. Those measures will have longlasting
impacts on well-being of all groups affected by the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-
19), but the underrepresented minorities and immunocompromised are at the greater risk and has
a significant mortality rate. In the present study, we try to review current data about nutrition
management of cancer patients within this pandemic, and nutritional prevention’s tools, in order
to understand the outcomes of infected cancer patients, and avoid complications that can be associated
with nutritional deficiencies. Most of the data were divided into four important sections.
The managing deal of cancer patients and their treatments with COVID-19, landmarks of nutrition
care, specially through pandemic conditions, nutrients and micronutrients that have key roles
in supporting the human immune system, and reducing systemic inflammation. The immune response
to infection involves many factors (such chemokines, cytokines, interleukins, enzymes
and hormones) therefore, we believe that the identification of food groups that play a role in
COVID-19 and the improvement of nutritional status and diet for cancer patients is a necessary
approach, in order to have detailed guidelines for the actual challenge.
Self-immolative Linkers in Prodrugs and Antibody Drug Conjugates in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Edupuganti Veera V. Shivaji R. , Tyndall Joel D.A. , Gamble Allan B.
Published: May 2021

Background:

The design of anti-cancer therapies with high anti-tumour efficacy and reduced
toxicity continues to be challenging. Anti-cancer prodrug and antibody-drug-conjugate (ADC)
strategies that can specifically and efficiently deliver cytotoxic compounds to cancer cells have
been used to overcome some of the challenges. The key to the success of many of these strategies
is a self-immolative linker, which after activation can release the drug payload. Various types of
triggerable self-immolative linkers are used in prodrugs and ADCs to improve their efficacy and
safety.

Objective:

Numerous patents have reported the significance of self-immolative linkers in prodrugs
and ADCs in cancer treatment. Based on the recent patent literature, we summarise methods for designing
the site-specific activation of non-toxic prodrugs and ADCs in order to improve selectivity
for killing cancer cells.

Methods:

In this review, an integrated view of the potential use of prodrugs and ADCs in cancer
treatment are provided. This review presents recent patents and related publications over the past
ten years uptill 2020.

Results:

The recent patent literature has been summarised for a wide variety of self-immolative
PABC linkers, which are cleaved by factors including responding to the difference between the extracellular
and intracellular environments (pH, ROS, glutathione) through over-expressed enzymes
(cathepsin, plasmin, β-glucuronidase) or bioorthogonal activation. The mechanism for self-immolation
involves the linker undergoing a 1,4- or 1,6-elimination (via electron cascade) or intramolecular
cyclisation to release cytotoxic drug at the targeted site.

Conclusion:

This review provides the commonly used strategies from recent patent literature in the
development of prodrugs based on targeted cancer therapy and antibody-drug conjugates, which
show promise in therapeutic applications.
Nanosize Carriers for Drug and Vaccine Delivery: Advances and Challenges
Authors: Singh Akhilesh K. , Yadav Thakur P. , Singh Garima , Pritam Manisha , Pandey Brijesh , Ansari Mohammad Israil , Srivastava Janmejai K. , Singh Satarudra P.
Published: May 2021

Nanomedicine has emerged as a lucrative option, attracting the attention of scientific
and industrial stalwarts for its enormous potential and new business opportunities in the health sector.
It encompasses physical, chemical, and biological interventions used for the transformation of
bulk materials into nanomaterials (NMs) with particles size ~ 1-100 nm for highly specific medical
applications. Therefore, its effects in diagnosis, efficacy, treatment and prevention of diseases may
easily be foreseen. The credit goes to nanotechnology, which has emerged with the ability to manipulate
the NMs concerning size, shape, composition as well as surface characteristics. Due to the
advantages of their tiny size as well as novel properties, NMs are useful for loading more drugs
with controlled release and specific targeting. Although full bloom of nanomedicine realization
might take years, recent innovations in formulations of nanotechnology-based smart drug/vaccine
delivery systems are beginning to change the landscape of future medicines. They are being designed
to overcome biological barriers in the living systems by improving the delivery and efficacy
of traditional therapeutics and reducing the toxicity by specificity to target cells/tissues. This review
focuses on basic understanding and progress in the field of nanomedicine (especially
nanocarriers-based drug and vaccine delivery), including nanoformulation of Amphotericin B with
functionalized carbon nanotubes for the therapy of visceral leishmaniasis.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kepuasan Layanan (Studi pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya)
Authors: Rachmania Ika
Published: May 2021

Management of higher education becomes a business-like service industry which focuses on its service users. Indonesian government shifts the orientation of higher education management to service users-oriented. Therefore, student satisfaction becomes an essential aspect of higher education management. This study aims to investigate the effect of service quality on student satisfaction. The results show that the aspects of service quality simultaneously influence on student satisfaction. Partially, variables of service quality that have a significant influence on student satisfaction are access, program learning, and reputation. Therefore, Faculty of Medicine could increase student satisfaction by focusing on improving those three aspects that affect student satisfaction.