bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Ministry-Specific Stress and Satisfaction: The Psychometric Properties of the Positive and Negative Aspects Inventories
Authors: Malcolm Wanda M. , Coetzee Karen L. , Fisher Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2019

This article outlines the creation and validation of a pair of questionnaires that measure both the intensity of potentially positive and negative aspects of Christian ministry life, and the frequency with which these aspects occur. These measures of ministry-specific stress and satisfaction identify life-giving and life-eroding aspects of ministry life that are not typically shared with secular professions and occupations, and also help capture the aspects that either overlap with or differentiate between those who minister inside traditional church settings and those involved in community-based or parachurch ministries. Psychometric testing of the Positive Aspects Inventory (PAI) and Negative Aspects Inventory (NAI) was conducted in two phases. The first phase involved an item and subscale refinement and reliability investigation. The second phase entailed a validity investigation regarding each construct claimed to be measured by the questionnaires, and the establishment of meaningful score ranges for interpretative purposes. The resulting measures have empirical validity and have potential usefulness in further investigations of ministry life wellbeing and stress.
Trainees’ Cultural Humility and Implicit Associations about Clients and Religious, Areligious, and Spiritual Identities: A Mixed-Method Investigation
Authors: Winkeljohn Black Stephanie , Gold Amanda P.
Published: April 2019

Therapists’ cultural humility is associated with stronger client–therapist working relationships, though therapist trainees’ cultural humility toward clients of diverse religious, areligious, or spiritual (RAS) backgrounds is unknown. This is compounded by a lack of systemic training in RAS diversity within clinical and counseling psychology programs. The current, mixed-method pilot study ( N = 10) explored psychotherapy trainees’ self-reported and implicit attitudes (via Implicit Association Tasks) toward RAS diversity in clients, and then used a focus group to explore whether trainee responses to feedback about their implicit attitudes imbued themes of cultural humility that supervisors and educators could use as discussion points to heighten cultural humility and responsiveness in trainees. There was no association between trainees’ self-reported and implicit RAS attitudes; participant responses revealed cultural humility themes, including receptivity and openness to feedback (i.e., their levels of implicit attitudes toward RAS groups).
Beginnings: Why the Doctrine of Creation Matters for the Integration of Psychology and Christianity
Authors: Whitney William B.
Published: April 2019

This article considers what integration efforts in psychology would look like if informed by a trinitarian account of creation. Further theological reflection about the doctrine of creation reveals four key conclusions that are valuable for conceiving the relationship between theology and psychology: (1) The goodness of the created realm establishes the investigation and exploration of human nature through science and psychology; (2) Human nature can be explored through psychology because God’s providential care allows a certain “order” of creation to be preserved despite the reality of sin; (3) God endows humanity with creative abilities to discover and develop the created realm and culture through the science of psychology; (4) God’s trinitarian relations with the world establishes the theological basis for the social, embodied, and relational aspects of human nature that are able to be discerned through the study of psychology. The implications that these four key conclusions have for psychological research and clinical psychology will also be discussed.
Virtual Reality and Correctional Rehabilitation: A Game Changer
Authors: Ticknor Bobbie
Published: April 2019

Virtual reality (VR) has been used for learning and treatment for decades. Few efforts have been made to incorporate this technology into correctional rehabilitation. Advances in VR systems, reductions in price, and the broader availability of the technology now make this effort more attainable. This article introduces readers to VR and explains how it can be used to enhance current efforts in offender treatment.
Effects of Magnitude on the Displacement of Leisure Items by Edible Items During Preference Assessments
Authors: Clark Seth B. , Call Nathan A. , Simmons Christina A. , Scheithauer Mindy C. , Muething Colin S. , Parks Natalie
Published: April 2019

Studies on preference assessments have shown that when both edible and leisure items are compared, edible items tend to displace leisure items in preference hierarchies. However, the mechanisms behind this process are currently unclear. One possibility is that displacement may be a product of the relatively brief periods of access to leisure items typically used in preference assessments. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine whether the duration of access to leisure items affects displacement. In this study, participants chose between preferred leisure items and the edible items that had previously been shown to displace those leisure items in a preference hierarchy. Duration of access to the leisure item was systematically increased across series to identify the magnitude at which leisure items became more preferred than edible items. Results indicate that as the duration of access to leisure items increases, displacement decreases.
Primary Solitary Intralabyrinthine Schwannoma: A Report of 7 Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Shupak Avi , Holdstein Yehuda , Kaminer Margalit , Braverman Itzhak
Published: April 2019

Intralabyrinthine schwannomas (ILSs) are uncommon benign tumors that originate in the Schwann cell sheath of the intralabyrinthine distal branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve. They have no initial involvement in the internal auditory canal although that might develop later. These lesions can arise inside the cochlea, originate in the vestibule or, in rare cases, develop in the semicircular canals. From these sites, spread might take place via the anatomic connections between the perilymphatic spaces in the scala vestibuli and the anterior vestibule. Thus, ILSs centered in the cochlea might involve the vestibule, and those originating in the vestibular end organs would reach the cochlea. Presenting signs and symptoms include a progressive or sudden sensorineural hearing loss (which occurs in more than 95% of patients), as well as tinnitus and vertigo. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics include sharp circumscription and hypointensity on thin, heavily T2-weighted 3D images and strong enhancement after gadolinium administration on TI-weighted images. We describe a series of 7 cases of primary ILS that were managed at two of our institutions. We also discuss the need for a comprehensive otoneurologic evaluation that encompasses the functional derangement and the tumor location as delineated by MRI, and we describe the treatment options.
Failure of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Organ Preservation in Laryngeal Cancer: Survival Outcomes and Recurrence Patterns
Authors: Aydil Utku , Akmansu Müge , Gümüşay Özge , Eravcı Fakih Cihat , Bakkal Faruk Kadri , Yazıcı Ömer , Kızıl Yusuf , Zorlu Mehmet Ekrem , Yıldız Ramazan , Köybaşıoğlu Ahmet
Published: April 2019

Although definitive chemoradiation (CRT) has been used for locally advanced laryngeal cancer for more than 2 decades, studies focusing on CRT failures in advanced laryngeal cancer are scarce. In this study, we aimed to determine the failure patterns and the survival outcomes in the patients who had recurrence after concurrent CRT for laryngeal cancer. Clinical records of the patients who had definitive concurrent CRT for laryngeal cancer between 2001 and 2014 at a tertiary referral center were reviewed. The end points of the study were 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).In our results, there were 48 failures and the mean time period from the first diagnosis of disease to the diagnosis of recurrence was 18.0 months (range 2-72; standard deviation: 15.6). The most common recurrence pattern was local recurrence in 21 (47.9%) patients followed by regional recurrence in 11 (22.9%) patients. The 1 and 3 years OS rates were 41.7%, and 19.2% for the entire cohort, and 64.5%, and 29.7% for the patients who had not systemic recurrence at presentation of recurrence, respectively. The 1 and 3 years DSS rates were 43.5%, and 20.0% for the entire cohort, and 69.0%, and 31.8% for the patients who had not systemic recurrence at presentation of recurrence, respectively. All patients who had systemic recurrence initially (n = 13) died within 9 months (median = 4 months, range: 1-9 months). This study reveals that survival outcomes are unfavorable in the CRT failures and careful patient selection is critical to minimize failures. In the presence of systemic recurrence, disease course is aggressive.
Adolescents’ perceived mattering to parents and friends: Testing cross-lagged associations with psychosocial well-being
Authors: Marshall Sheila K. , Tilton-Weaver Lauree
Published: April 2019

Mattering is the tendency to view the self as significant to other people. Theoretically, mattering has been proposed to promote psychosocial well-being. Although prior research has found positive associations between mattering to parents and psychosocial well-being among adolescents, extant studies have not clarified whether perceptions of mattering predict psychosocial well-being or the other way around. Thus, the direction of the association needs verification. The purpose of this study was to examine the direction of associations between adolescents’ mattering to parents and friends and adolescents’ depressive symptoms and problem behaviors using cross-lag models. A two-wave annual survey assessed mattering to family and friends, depressive symptoms, and problem behaviors of students in grades 6 to 9 ( N = 164; 56.1% girls) in a school district in western Canada (Time 1 age range = 11 to 15 years; mean age = 12.23; standard deviation = 1.07). Structural equation modeling was used to assess concurrent, auto-regressive, and cross-lagged associations between mattering and psychosocial well-being. Mattering to mother, father, and friends was assessed in separate models. Significant lags were found only between mattering to friends and depressive symptoms and problem behaviors, with positive associations suggesting a form of socialization through mattering. With one exception, mattering to parents was not directly associated with psychosocial well-being over time. However, gender moderated the association between mattering to mother (Time 1), depressive symptoms (Time 2), problem behaviors (Time 1), and mattering to mother (Time 2). Taken together, these results suggest that mattering may not be as strongly protective of adolescent well-being as previously suggested.
Escaping (into) the night… : Organizations and work at night
Authors: Müller Monika
Published: April 2019

Despite the increasing normalization of nightwork, organizational researchers typically study organizations and work as daytime phenomena. A nocturnal lens, nevertheless, can provide a different picture of what is going on in organizations. In this paper, I introduce nightwork into organization studies with a qualitative case study of two research sites (a factory and a hospital laboratory), and analyse employee experiences at night and responses to differences between night- and dayshifts. This study contributes to literature on agency and escape, highlighting that night enables and encourages escape in ways that differ from those during the day. Moreover, the study shows that while employees can ‘escape into the night’ to avoid daytime rules and pressures, many also need to ‘escape from the night’ and the physical and mental exhaustion nightwork entails. The paper concludes by pointing to further research on night in organizations, nightwork and escape.
Working With Differences in Everyday Interactions through Anticipational Fluidity: A Hermeneutic Perspective
Authors: Cunliffe Ann L , Locke Karen
Published: April 2019

This paper sheds light on an issue we all face, how to work with differences encountered in our everyday interactions with each other when the outcome of the exchange is not simply up to us. Our contribution lies in proposing the notion of anticipational fluidity, of finding ways of relating and responding to others as we orient ourselves to each other and to what might happen next within the moment of conversation. Situated in a hermeneutic lens that highlights the interplay of interpretations in unfolding responsive moments, we integrate the work of Shotter and Ricoeur with our interpretation of empirical texts generated from an ethnographic inquiry of academic/practitioner collaboration. We suggest that anticipational fluidity encompasses open work, difference-making and tentative intentionality, and elaborate these sensitizing resources by putting readers within unfolding moments of a meeting where differences are addressed.
Electoral reform and partisan dealignment in Indonesia
Authors: Fossati Diego
Published: April 2019

There is a vast literature on the effects of electoral institutions on party systems. Research on the relationship between electoral systems and the strength of partisan identities, however, is inconclusive, as existing work mostly focuses on individual-level factors. In this paper, we analyze the case of Indonesia to illustrate the links between electoral laws and patterns of mass partisanship. By exploiting variation over time (four electoral cycles), we show that deep-seated partisan affiliations weakened substantially with the introduction of open-list PR, a system that provides strong incentives to cultivate a personal vote. By analyzing variation across space (189 districts), we further document that partisan alignment has been more pronounced where personal voting is more prevalent. These findings suggest that electoral institutions are a powerful driver of partisan identities, and that the effect of institutional change at the national level may be contingent on local politics.
“But All Kids Yell at Their Parents, Don’t They?”: Social Norms About Child-to-Parent Abuse in Australia
Authors: Simmons Melanie L. , McEwan Troy E. , Purcell Rosemary
Published: April 2019

Child-to-parent abuse has been hampered by a lack of attention to what behaviors are commonly perceived as abusive and a poor understanding of when children’s behavior stops being difficult, but normative, and becomes abusive. This study investigated what Australian parents and young people perceived as abusive behavior by children toward parents. Convenience samples of (a) parents of young people aged 14 to 25 years ( n = 201) and (b) young people aged 14 to 25 years ( n = 586) were asked to define at what frequency they believed that 40 child-to-parent behaviors became abusive. Both parents and young people perceived that children could abuse their parents, but young people were more permissive when defining abuse than were parents for behaviors involving physical aggression without injury, financial abuse, humiliation, or intimidation. The findings have implications for child-to-parent abuse measurement, particularly in relation to how coercive and verbally aggressive behavior is (or is not) defined as abusive.
Beverage intake during alternate-day fasting: Relationship to energy intake and body weight
Authors: Kalam Faiza , Kroeger Cynthia M , Trepanowski John F , Gabel Kelsey , Song Jee Hee , Cienfuegos Sofia , Varady Krista A
Published: April 2019

Background:

Alternate-day fasting (ADF) involves a ‘famine day’ (25% energy intake) and a ‘feast day’ (ad libitum intake). This secondary analysis examined changes in beverage intake in relation to energy intake and body weight during 12 months of ADF versus daily calorie restriction (CR).

Methods:

Obese subjects ( n = 100 enrolled, n = 69 completers) were randomized to one of three groups for 12 months: (a) ADF; (b) CR; or (c) control.

Results:

At baseline, intakes of diet soda, caffeinated beverages, sugar-sweetened soda, alcohol, juice, and milk were similar between groups. There were no statistically significant changes in the intake of these beverages by month 6 or 12 between ADF (feast or famine day), CR, or control groups. Beverage intake was not related to energy intake or body weight at month 6 or 12 in any group.

Conclusion:

These pilot findings suggest that intermittent fasting does not impact beverage intake in a way that affects energy intake or body weight.
Native and second-language processing of contrastive pitch accent: An ERP study
Authors: Lee Aleuna , Perdomo Michelle , Kaan Edith
Published: April 2019

Prosody signals important aspects of meaning, and hence, is crucial for language comprehension and learning, yet remains under-investigated in second-language (L2) processing. The present electrophysiology study investigates the use of prosody to cue information structure, in particular, the use of contrastive pitch accent (L+H*) to define the set of elements that are contrasted. For instance, in We ate Angela’s cake, but saved BENjamin’s cake, the pitch accent on Benjamin’s is a cue that two cakes are contrasted; BENjamin’s ice cream is not plausible in this context. Native English speakers showed a large negativity on the target noun ( cake) when the preceding possessive was inappropriately accented. Event-related brain potential (ERP) results from Mandarin-Chinese L2 learners of English suggest they did not use contrastive pitch accent to cue the contrast set in the way native English speakers did, even though Mandarin is similar to English in the use of prosodic cues to express contrast. Our results are in line with previous studies suggesting that L2 speakers have difficulty integrating information across domains and building information structure, especially in demanding task situations like in the present study.
Effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for improving erectile function and climacturia in men after prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kannan Priya , Winser Stanley J , Choi Ho Lam , Hei Leung C , Kin Lam C , Agnieszka Garbien E , Jeffrey Leung HY
Published: April 2019

Objective:

To determine the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction and climacturia.

Data sources:

Multiple databases were searched from database inception to February 2019.

Review methods:

Randomized controlled trials comparing physiotherapy interventions to control were included.

Results:

The search yielded 127 potentially relevant articles; seven met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Meta-analysis of two studies revealed a statistically significant effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) plus biofeedback compared to the no treatment control group for erectile function at the12-month follow-up period (risk ratio (RR) = 3.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–13.05; P = 0.05). Data from one small study ( n = 31) identified a greater number of men reporting improved climacturia in the PFMT plus electrical stimulation group compared to the no treatment control group, and the overall effect was significant (RR = 15.60, 95% CI = 0.95–254.91; P = 0.05). Meta-analyses of two studies found no statistically significant differences between groups receiving PFMT and no treatment control for erectile function or climacturia at long-term follow-up.

Conclusions:

PFMT augmented with biofeedback improves erectile function after prostatectomy. Data from a single study found PFMT combined with electrical stimulation to be beneficial for postprostatectomy climacturia. However, electrical stimulation is recommended for terminally ill people only. The effect of PFMT alone on postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction and climacturia remains inconclusive. However, this is likely to be affected by the participant adherence and physiotherapy supervision. High-quality trials providing intensive supervision and due consideration of adherence factors are recommended.
A Psychosocial Genealogy of LGBTQ+ Gender: An Empirically Based Theory of Gender and Gender Identity Cultures
Authors: Levitt Heidi M.
Published: April 2019

In this invited article, I present an inclusive theory of gender that clarifies its interconnections with gender identity, gender expression, and sexuality. To support this functionalist theory, I summarize findings from an extensive body of mixed methods research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other (LGBTQ+) genders in the United States. I use a feminist-intersectional lens to empirically base and historically situate a theory of gender that is grounded in research of LGBTQ+ communities (butch, femme, bear, leathermen, transgender, drag queens, and family/house systems). I define genders as either sets of personal qualities within a culture associated with physiological sex or sets of qualities that evolve in reaction to limitations of existing genders. The evolution of genders functions to meet needs in four domains: (1) psychological: an experience of fit between a core aspect of self and a gender construct; (2) cultural: the creation of an LGBTQ+ culture that asserts sets of gender characteristics, which were denied and stigmatized within preexisting cultural norms; (3) interpersonal: the communicating of affiliation and status to enhance safety; and (4) sexual: an erotic embodiment of signifiers of these needs via an aesthetic that structures sexual attraction. I detail how each function affects identity, security, belonging, and personal and social values. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Conditioning Required to Prevent an Abnormal Lachman and Pivot Shift After ACL Reconstruction: A Robotic Study of 3 ACL Graft Constructs
Authors: Noyes Frank R. , Huser Lauren E. , Ashman Brad , Palmer Michael
Published: April 2019

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft conditioning protocols to decrease postoperative increases in anterior tibial translation and pivot-shift instability have not been established.

Purpose:

To determine what ACL graft conditioning protocols should be performed at surgery to decrease postoperative graft elongation after ACL reconstruction.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A 6 degrees of freedom robotic simulator evaluated 3 ACL graft constructs in 7 cadaver knees for a total of 19 graft specimens. Knees were tested before and after ACL sectioning and after ACL graft conditioning protocols before reconstruction. The ACL grafts consisted of a 6-strand semitendinosus-gracilis TightRope, bone–patellar tendon–bone TightRope, and bone–patellar tendon–bone with interference screws. Two graft conditioning protocols were used: (1) graft board tensioning (20 minutes, 80 N) and (2) cyclic conditioning (5°-120° of flexion, 90-N anterior tibial load) after graft reconstruction to determine the number of cycles needed to obtain a steady state with no graft elongation. After conditioning, the grafts were cycled a second time under anterior-posterior loading (100 N, 25° of flexion) and under pivot-shift loading (100 N anterior, 5-N·m internal rotation, 7 N·m valgus) to verify that the ACL flexion-extension conditioning protocol was effective.

Results:

Graft board tensioning did not produce a steady-state graft. Major increases in anterior tibial translation occurred in the flexion-extension graft-loading protocol at 25° of flexion (mean ± SD: semitendinosus-gracilis TightRope, 3.4 ± 1.1 mm; bone–patellar tendon–bone TightRope, 3.2 ± 1.0 mm; bone–patellar tendon–bone with interference screws, 2.4 ± 1.5 mm). The second method of graft conditioning (40 cycles, 5°-120° of flexion, 90-N anterior load) produced a stable conditioned state for all grafts, as the anterior translations of the anterior-posterior and pivot-shift cycles were statistically equivalent ( P < .05, 1-20 cycles).

Conclusion:

ACL graft board conditioning protocols are not effective, leading to deleterious ACL graft elongations after reconstruction. A secondary ACL graft conditioning protocol of 40 flexion-extension cycles under 90-N graft loading was required for a well-conditioned graft, preventing further elongation and restoring normal anterior-posterior and pivot-shift translations.

Clinical Relevance:

There is a combined need for graft board tensioning and robust cyclic ACL graft loading before final graft fixation to restore knee stability.
Predictors of Healing Ligament Size and Magnetic Resonance Signal Intensity at 6 Months After Bridge-Enhanced Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair
Authors: Murray Martha M. , Kiapour Ata M. , Kalish Leslie A. , Ecklund Kirsten ,   The BEAR Trial Team, Freiberger Christina , Henderson Rachael , Kramer Dennis , Micheli Lyle , Yen Yi-Meng , Fleming Braden C.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) augmented with a tissue engineered scaffold to facilitate ligament healing is a technique under development for patients with ACL injuries. The size (the amount of tissue) and signal intensity (the quality of tissue) of the healing ligament as visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been shown to be related to its strength in large animal models.

Hypothesis:

Both modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors could influence the size and signal intensity of the repaired ligament in patients at 6 months after surgery.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

62 patients (mean age, 19.4 years; range, 14-35 years) underwent MRI of the knee 6 months after ACL repair augmented with an extracellular matrix scaffold. The signal intensity (normalized to cortical bone) and average cross-sectional area of the healing ligament were measured from the MRI stack obtained by use of a gradient echo sequence. Associations between these 2 measures and patient characteristics, which included demographic, clinical, and anatomic features, were determined by use of multivariable regression analysis.

Results:

A larger cross-sectional area of the repaired ligament at 6 months was associated with male sex, older age, and the performance of a larger notchplasty ( P < .05 for all associations). A lower signal intensity at 6 months, indicating greater similarity to normal ligament, was associated with a smaller tibial slope and greater side-to-side difference in quadriceps strength 3 months after surgery. Other factors, including preoperative body mass index, mechanism of injury, tibial stump length, and Marx activity score, were not significantly associated with either MRI parameter at 6 months.

Conclusion:

Modifiable factors, including surgical notchplasty and slower recovery of quadriceps strength at 3 months, were associated with a larger cross-sectional area and improved signal intensity of the healing ACL after bridge-enhanced ACL repair in this preliminary study. Further studies to determine the optimal size of the notchplasty and the most effective postoperative rehabilitation strategy after ACL repair augmented by a scaffold are justified.

Registration:

NCT02664545 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Hinge Fractures Are Underestimated on Plain Radiographs After Open Wedge Proximal Tibial Osteotomy: Evaluation by Computed Tomography
Authors: Lee Bum-Sik , Jo Byeong-Kyu , Bin Seong-Il , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Chang-Rack , Kwon Young-Hee
Published: April 2019

Background:

Lateral hinge fracture (LHF) after medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) may not be recognized on perioperative plain radiographs. Such cases may be identified at follow-up and misdiagnosed as delayed LHF.

Purpose:

This study aimed to investigate the extent of LHF misdiagnosis and to determine whether patients with LHFs have inferior clinical outcomes after MOWHTO.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Fifty-one knees in 50 patients (36 women, 14 men; mean age, 51.8 years; range, 24-64 years) who had undergone MOWHTO with locking plate fixation between October 2013 and April 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. LHFs identified on intraoperative fluoroscopy and immediate postoperative radiographs were compared with the actual incidence based on computed tomography (CT) scans performed within 2 days of surgery. Delayed LHFs, not visible on the CT scans but found on later follow-up radiographs, were also assessed. More frequent radiographic check-ups were recommended in patients with LHFs, and weightbearing was delayed until evident callus formation was seen on follow-up radiographs for type 2 or 3 fractures. The loss of correction, the time of union, and complication rate were compared between the knees with LHF and those without LHF. Clinical outcome was measured according to the Knee Society (KS) scores.

Results:

Overall, 14 early LHFs (27.5%) were identified on CT scans. Of these, 7 LHFs (13.7%) were observed on perioperative radiographs, and the remaining 7 LHFs were identified on later radiographs. Delayed LHFs occurred in 2 cases (3.9%). In the 16 knees with LHF, minimal loss of correction was observed 1 month to 1 year postoperatively without statistical significance. No alignment changes were seen in the 35 knees without LHFs. In the LHF versus no LHF groups, no significant differences were seen regarding time of union (5.3 ± 1.7 months vs 5.4 ± 1.8 months, respectively; P = .898) and postoperative KS scores (knee score, 96.6 ± 2.5 vs 95.3 ± 6.4, P = .435; functional score, 94.4 ± 9.6 vs 89.1 ± 10.9, P = .107). No other complications occurred in either group.

Conclusion:

Most LHFs after MOWHTO occurred intraoperatively, but half (7/14) were not identified on postoperative radiographs. CT scans would enable detection of early LHFs that would otherwise have been mistaken for delayed LHF. However, clinical outcomes did not differ between patients with and without LHF.
Healthcare Navigation Self-Sufficiency in Older Korean Immigrants
Authors: Jang Yuri , Park Nan Sook , Chiriboga David A. , Rhee Min-Kyoung , Yoon Hyunwoo , Kim Miyong T.
Published: April 2019

Using data from surveys with Korean Americans aged 60 years or above ( n = 2,150), the level of healthcare navigation self-sufficiency was assessed, and its related factors were explored. The overall status of self-sufficiency was low; for example, over half of the sample needed assistance with reading and filling out medical documents, and nearly half needed someone to interpret during medical visits. Diminished self-sufficiency in healthcare navigation was associated with disadvantaged social status (e.g., advanced age, female gender, and low education), early stages of immigration (short length of stay in the U.S. and low English proficiency), and lack of personal health resources (e.g., poor health condition and lack of health insurance). The findings shed light on older immigrants’ challenges in the use of health services in a broad sense and help identify areas of patient burden and avenues for interventions.
Mancozeb fungicide-induced genotoxic effects, metabolic alterations, and histological changes in the colon and liver of Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Yahia Doha , El-Amir Yasmin O , Rushdi Mahmoud
Published: April 2019

The present study was designed to evaluate genotoxic markers of mancozeb exposure and withdrawal in colon and liver tissues together with histological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty rats were divided into three equal groups; group I: treatment, 250 mg/kg mancozeb dissolved in corn oil administered twice weekly for 7 weeks; group II: withdrawal, the same treatment as group I after which animals were untreated for 5 weeks; group III: control, administered corn oil on the same schedule as group I for 7 weeks. All administrations were by oral gavage. Serum samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters. The comet assay and histopathological examinations were done on liver and colon specimens. The results demonstrated that mancozeb exposure caused significant increases in triglycerides and total cholesterol accompanied by decreases in glucose levels, with extensive DNA damage in liver and colon together with pathological changes in stomach, colon, and liver. Mancozeb withdrawal for 5 weeks improved the lipid and glucose profiles and decreased the degree of DNA damage and changes in the architecture of the stomach, colon, and liver. We concluded that discontinuing exposure to mancozeb fungicide for 5 weeks could ameliorate the adverse effects induced by 7 weeks of exposure to mancozeb. A longer withdrawal time may further reduce the observed genotoxicity.
Bisphenol A differentially affects male reproductive function biomarkers in a reference population and agro pesticides users from Djutitsa, Cameroon
Authors: Manfo Faustin Pascal Tsagué , Harthé Cathérine , Nantia Edouard Akono , Dechaud Henri , Tchana Angèle Nkouatchoua , Zabot Marie-Tthérèse , Pugeat Michel , Fewou Moundipa Paul
Published: April 2019

The consequences of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on male reproductive function were studied in two populations from Cameroon, farmers using agro pesticides in Djutitsa (rural area) and townsmen in Yaoundé (urban area, Centre region). Urinary BPA concentration from all participants was measured, and the values were correlated with biochemical markers of male reproductive function. The data showed that BPA could be detected in 92.6% of urine participants, with an average concentration of 2.18 ± 1.97 µg/g creatinine but with no significant difference between the urinary BPA concentration from rural and urban populations. From BPA urinary concentration, the BPA average daily intake was estimated to be 0.06 ± 0.05 μg/kg/day (3.51 µg/day per individual) in the Cameroon population. Interestingly, free and bioavailable testosterone concentrations and estradiol/testosterone ratio correlated with BPA levels in the overall population. When data were analysed according to residence, BPA correlated with total testosterone levels ( r = −0.433) and estradiol/testosterone ratio ( r = 0.338) in the urban residents only, while the rural population exhibited significant increases in sex-hormone-binding globulin with increased BPA exposure. Our data showed that the male Cameroon population is exposed to BPA but that inconstant BPA association to endocrine reproductive markers suggests that other environmental factors in combination with BPA exposure might influence testicular function.
A Low-Dose 4F-PCC Protocol for DOAC-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Berger Karen , Santibañez Melissa , Lin Lina , Lesch Christine A.
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

Current guidelines favor 4F-PCC over plasma for reversal of warfarin. Uncertainty remains on the hemostatic effectiveness and thrombotic risk of 4F-PCC for direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), particularly in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a lower dose protocol of 25 units/kg 4F-PCC for the management of DOAC-associated ICH in a real-world setting.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective study of adult patients who received at least one dose of 4F-PCC from March 2014 to December 2015 for DOAC-associated ICH. The primary outcome was hemostatic effectiveness within 24 hours. The secondary outcome was thromboembolic events within 14 days.

Results:

Twenty-two patients received 4F-PCC for DOAC-associated ICH and were included in the analysis. Hemostasis was evaluable in 19 patients with post-4F-PCC imaging available and occurred in 18/19 (94.7%) patients. Thromboembolism occurred in 2 out of 22 patients (9.1%).

Conclusions:

The use of a lower dose protocol of 25 units/kg of 4F-PCC resulted in high rates of hemostasis in patients with DOAC-associated ICH. Two patients developed thrombotic events within 14 days of 4F-PCC administration.
Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Influencing Women’s Attitude Toward Wife Beating in Ethiopia
Authors: Mengistu Alemu A.
Published: April 2019

This study used data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) for a total of 42,054 women (15-49 years) from Ethiopia’s 11 geographic/administrative regions using a stratified, two-stage cluster sample design to reflect the country’s huge geographical, cultural, ethnic, and linguistic diversity. The study first identified the major socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing women’s attitude toward wife beating in Ethiopia, and then provided some suggestions on what types of interventions are required to address the problems. Toward this effect, female participants were asked whether a husband is justified in beating his wife under five possible circumstances. Ironically, the majority of women support wife beating if a wife goes out without telling a husband (51.8%), neglects her children (58.1%), argues with a husband (53.4%), refuses to have sex with a husband (47.9%), and burns food while preparing meals (53.3%). The study also used the probit regression model and identified the following factors influencing women’s attitude toward wife beating in Ethiopia: women’s economic status, women’s level of education, husband’s level of education, access to media, marital status, place of residence (urban vs. rural), and women’s awareness about the law against wife beating. The way forward will require the empowerment of women through education and training, an increase in women’s access to resources, strong legislation against domestic violence, and creating awareness among community and religious leaders. As the best way to end intimate partner violence against women is to prevent it from happening in the first place by addressing its main causes, this study is thus of paramount importance for the overall efforts in raising awareness to prevent such violence against women.
Weighing Risk Factors for Adolescent Victimization in the Context of Romantic Relationship Initiation
Authors: Gonzalez-Mendez Rosaura , Aguilera Laura , Ramírez-Santana Gustavo
Published: April 2019

Research has paid little attention to the link between the characteristics of the relational context where adolescents are likely to initiate their romantic relationships and teen dating violence (TDV). Hence, the findings are still scattered. This study examined different risks in the female teenagers’ relational context (peer group characteristics, participants’ risky activities, and pressure to start dating) and their TDV victimization, which had not been previously studied in the Spanish population. The moderating role of parental monitoring strategies was also analyzed. Participants were 1,248 Spanish female teenagers who completed measures of the aforementioned factors. Highly victimized girls reported having more deviant and older male peers, receiving more pressure to start dating, and using more alcohol and drugs than participants with low victimization did. High parental monitoring was only effective to prevent TDV victimization in low-risk relational contexts. The findings extend prior research by providing evidence of the risk of pressure to start dating and low effectiveness of parental monitoring against high-risk peers. They also highlight the need to reduce specific risks of TDV in the adolescent relational context.
Effect of graphene oxide on the mechanical and thermal properties of graphene oxide/hytrel nanocomposites
Authors: Pandey Neema , Tewari Chetna , Dhali Sunil , Bohra Bhashkar S , Rana Sravendra , Mehta SPS , Singhal Shailey , Chaurasia Alok , Sahoo Nanda Gopal
Published: April 2019

Polymer nanocomposites offer enhancement in thermomechanical and physicochemical properties of polymers with the presence of a little amount of nanostructured fillers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and layered silicates. A facile and rapid preparation of hytrel (HTL)-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites is done via a solution mixing method. The influence of GO content (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 wt%) on mechanical and thermal properties of GO/HTL nanocomposites has been evaluated by using various techniques such as tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of GO/HTL nanocomposites were increased with increasing GO content. The composites have valuable improvement in tensile strength (139%) and storage modulus (72%) for HTL composite containing 5 wt% GO. The incorporation of GO into HTL polymer shows enhancement in thermal and mechanical properties due to the presence of strongest noncovalent interaction (π–π stacking) between the interface of nanocomposites. These enhanced physical properties of GO/HTL composites show its potential use in structural application.
The Social Support–Health Link Unraveled: Pathways Linking Social Support to Functional Capacity in Later Life
Authors: Suanet Bianca , Aartsen Marja J. , Hoogendijk Emiel O. , Huisman Martijn
Published: April 2019

Objective: Despite evidence that social support is strongly related to health, very little is known about the mechanisms underlying this association. This study investigates whether physical activity, depressive symptoms, and chronic diseases mediate the associations between social support and functional capacity. Method: Data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam on 954 participants, aged 75 and older, covering 9 years, are analyzed with latent growth mediation models. Results: Only the indirect path from the initial level of emotional support to the initial level of functional capacity through the initial level of depressive symptoms was significant. All mediators however were significantly associated with the level of and changes in functional capacity. Models with reversed pathways were estimated, but model fit was worse. Discussion: Because only initial levels of social support relate to functional capacity, and changes in social support do not, older adults likely receive the support they need.
Associations Between Vision, Hearing, and Olfactory Impairment With Handgrip Strength
Authors: Gopinath Bamini , Liew Gerald , Burlutsky George , Mitchell Paul
Published: April 2019

Objectives: We aimed to assess the cross-sectional associations between sensory impairments (vision, hearing, and/or olfactory loss) and handgrip strength. Method: In the Blue Mountains Eye Study, 947 participants aged 65+ years had handgrip strength measured using a dynamometer. Visual impairment was defined as visual acuity <20/40 (better eye), and hearing impairment as average pure-tone air conduction threshold >25 dBHL (500-4,000 Hz). Olfaction was measured using the San Diego Odor Identification Test. Results: Marginally significant associations between sensory impairment and handgrip strength were observed after multivariable adjustment. For example, women with two or three sensory impairments had lower adjusted mean handgrip strength (17.47 ± 0.5 kg) versus women who had no sensory loss (18.59 ± 0.3 kg; p = .06) or only one sensory impairment (18.58 ± 0.3 kg; p = .05), respectively. No significant associations were observed in men. Discussion: Women who had multiple sensory impairments had reduced muscle strength as indicated by ~1.1 kg lower mean handgrip strength.
Modeling of a reaction control jet interacting with high-speed cross-flow in slip flow regime
Authors: Bhagat Apurva , Gijare Harshal , Dongari Nishanth
Published: April 2019

Numerical investigation of a sonic reaction control jet interacting with the high-speed cross-flow has been carried out over a generic missile body. Simulations are performed in the early-hypersonic slip flow regime for air, CO2, and helium jet gases. An open source computational fluid dynamics tool, OpenFOAM is used to model the steady state, three-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations with k-ω shear stress transport turbulence model. The conventional computational fluid dynamics solver is extended with additional features, such as transport of species, nonequilibrium boundary conditions for velocity slip and temperature jump, and a heat load calculation utility based on the sliding friction effect. The extended solver is validated with the direct simulation Monte Carlo results for the case of a sonic argon jet injected into hypersonic nitrogen cross-flow. The extended solver is able to accurately capture all the qualitative flow features like separation shock, bow shock, and barrel shock, and it also improves heat load predictions in the slip flow regime. The main objective of the present work is to study the effect of rarefaction and change in jet gas species on the complex flow topology, heat load distribution, and spread of jet gas on the missile body. Heat load predictions are found to be strongly dependent on the slip velocity of molecules in addition to the temperature gradient near the wall. The strength of a bow shock and a barrel shock is higher for helium jet, compared to air and CO2 jets, which spread more along the missile body, and weaker shocks and reduced heat load is generated. The current work is significant from the perspective of the thermal design of spacecraft surfaces and positioning of the optical sensors.
Extraction process of charged droplets in ultrasonic electric propulsion system: An experimental study
Authors: He Weiguo , Kang Xiaoming , Yu Bo , Liu Xinyu , Guo Dengshuai , Hang Guanrong , Zhao Wansheng
Published: April 2019

As a novel propulsion technology, ultrasonic electric propulsion is mainly applied to micro-satellite platforms (<10 kg). In this work, effects of vibration frequency and typical operating conditions on extraction process of charged droplets in ultrasonic electric propulsion are investigated by an ultra-high speed imaging technique. A long-distance microscope coupled with an ultra-high speed camera (NAC HX-6) is also used. A solution of formamide and lithium chloride is employed as propellant. Experimental results show that mean diameters of charged droplets are 43.3 ± 4.2 µm (120 kHz), 76.2 ± 5.8 µm (60 kHz), and 101.4 ± 7.1 µm (25 kHz), respectively. Besides, the theoretical diameter values are calculated, which are close to experimental ones and both values decrease with the increase of vibration frequency. Meanwhile, experimental results indicate that the diameter of charged droplets increases as the propellant flow rate rises, and such effect is obvious when the flow rate is ranging from 3 to 10 ml/h. It is also found that charged droplets are not uniformly accelerated and their motion directions are also divergent.
Voices of masculinity: Men’s talk in Hungarian university dormitories
Authors: Bodó Csanád , Szabó Gergely , Turai Ráhel Katalin
Published: April 2019

Research on language and masculinity has been imbued with a paradoxical juxtaposition of seeing White heterosexual men and their language as a ‘default’ and the paucity of empirical studies on what these men actually do in their everyday linguistic practices. This article examines the multivoicedness of masculinities in a specific local context. We analyze Hungarian male university students’ spontaneous conversations, recently recorded in the Budapest University Dormitory Corpus. Drawing on the Bakhtinian concept of voice, we argue that individual and social voices of masculinity, as well as the contrasts between them, are embedded in gendered and sexualized inequality relations. Even pro-feminist and ‘gay’ voices in the interactions are structured by social inequalities. The voicing of a homosexual figure does not only evoke negatively valued unmasculine behaviors, but also helps in creating homosocial (same-gender and non-sexualized) intimacy. It always happens as a stylized image of ‘another’s language’.