bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Casualties during the Korean War: Focusing on American and Common Wealth Soldiers
Authors: YEO In-sok
Published: January 2024

A crucial gap in the medical history of the Korean War is the history of psychiatry during the Korean War. War puts those who participate in it through physical and mental extremes, inflicting not only physical injuries but also psychological trauma and damage. However, studies of the medical aspects of the Korean War have been limited to topics related to physical injuries and their treatment, and there are no studies that systematically summarize the traumatic effects on the human mind thrown into the midst of the war, the consequences of these effects, and the medical efforts made to deal with these problems. As the Korean War was fought only five years after the end of the Second World War, the experiences and achievements of the Second World War were used in the Korean War. In terms of personnel, many of the soldiers who fought in the Second World War also fought in the Korean War. This continuity with the Second World War had both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, treatment and transport systems were quickly put in place to respond to the large numbers of soldiers with psychiatric problems on the front lines early in the war. This is an example of a positive use of the legacy of the Second World War. On the other hand, the negative side of the coin was the much higher frequency of psychiatric symptoms among veterans of the Second World War. This could be explained by the fact that the psychological trauma experienced on the battlefield during the Second World War remained latent and was reactivated in the Korean War as a kind of conditioned reflex. In addition, the brainwashing of prisoners of war and their subsequent psychological problems are also characteristic of the Korean War in the context of the Cold War. These psychiatric features of the Korean War will provide a useful historical example for understanding and helping those who are inevitably involved in war and suffer from mental distress.
Pandora's Can of Worms: A Year of Generative AI in Higher Education
Authors: Miller Robin Elizabeth
Published: January 2024

abstract: In the year since ChatGPT was released by OpenAI, librarians, instructors, and higher education administrators have grappled with generative artificial intelligence (AI) and its implications for teaching, learning, research, and writing. Drawn from informal conversations, professional observations, discussion groups, and professional development events, this article reports on the experience of learning about generative AI at one university. This article considers ways that educators may use AI tools and reasons to resist adopting generative AI tools, situating uses on a spectrum of acceptability.
Learning and Teaching about Scholarly Communication: Findings from Graduate Students and Mentors
Authors: Hurrell Christie , Beatty Susan , Murphy James E. , Cramer Dana , Lee Jennifer , McClurg Caitlin
Published: January 2024

abstract: Graduate students are increasingly expected to publish peer-reviewed scholarship during the course of their studies, yet predictable mentoring and education on academic publishing is not available to all graduate students. Although academic librarians are well positioned to offer such instruction, their efforts are not always informed by comprehensive investigations of what, and how, graduate students need to learn. This study used focus groups with graduate students and faculty mentors to explore strengths and gaps in current mentoring and learning practices, while also discovering and uncovering suggestions and opportunities for further development in education about scholarly publishing. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that current training and mentorship meet some, but not all, of students' needs and preferences. Future library instruction should employ a blended and compassionate approach to teaching about this complex topic, and this study offers a way forward as librarians-as-partners in scholarly communication.
Insulator-to-metal transition in the black diamond from molecular-dynamics-Landauer method
Authors: Dong Xiao , Wei Zhuo , Wang Tianxing , An Yipeng
Published: January 2024

The critical condition and mechanism of the insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) for the black diamond were studied by the molecular-dynamics-Landauer method. The IMT will occur at sufficiently high contents of vacancies in the diamond. The critical concentration of vacancies for the IMT might be between V:C143 (0.69%) and V:C127 (0.78%). At a low concentration of vacancies (below 0.69%), the intermediate band (IB) consists of a filled band and a separate empty band, which makes the material to be an insulator. The IMT of the black diamond is due to the mergence between the two isolated IBs when the concentration of vacancies is high, and the merged IB is partially filled by electrons. The distribution of vacancies also influences the IMT of the black diamond.
Searching across-cohort relatives in 54,092 GWAS samples via encrypted genotype regression
Authors: Zhang Qi-Xin , Liu Tianzi , Guo Xinxin , Zhen Jianxin , Yang Meng-yuan , Khederzadeh Saber , Zhou Fang , Han Xiaotong , Zheng Qiwen , Jia Peilin , Ding Xiaohu , He Mingguang , Zou Xin , Liao Jia-Kai , Zhang Hongxin , He Ji , Zhu Xiaofeng , Lu Daru , Chen Hongyan , Zeng Changqing , Liu Fan , Zheng Hou-Feng , Liu Siyang , Xu Hai-Ming , Chen Guo-Bo
Published: January 2024

Explicitly sharing individual level data in genomics studies has many merits comparing to sharing summary statistics, including more strict QCs, common statistical analyses, relative identification and improved statistical power in GWAS, but it is hampered by privacy or ethical constraints. In this study, we developed encG-reg, a regression approach that can detect relatives of various degrees based on encrypted genomic data, which is immune of ethical constraints. The encryption properties of encG-reg are based on the random matrix theory by masking the original genotypic matrix without sacrificing precision of individual-level genotype data. We established a connection between the dimension of a random matrix, which masked genotype matrices, and the required precision of a study for encrypted genotype data. encG-reg has false positive and false negative rates equivalent to sharing original individual level data, and is computationally efficient when searching relatives. We split the UK Biobank into their respective centers, and then encrypted the genotype data. We observed that the relatives estimated using encG-reg was equivalently accurate with the estimation by KING, which is a widely used software but requires original genotype data. In a more complex application, we launched a finely devised multi-center collaboration across 5 research institutes in China, covering 9 cohorts of 54,092 GWAS samples. encG-reg again identified true relatives existing across the cohorts with even different ethnic backgrounds and genotypic qualities. Our study clearly demonstrates that encrypted genomic data can be used for data sharing without loss of information or data sharing barrier.
Exploring the mechanisms between socio-economic status and health: Mediating roles of health-related behaviors before and during COVID-19
Authors: Park Soowon
Published: January 2024

The relationship between individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics and their health outcomes is widely acknowledged. However, the specific mechanisms through which these factors are interconnected have not been studied sufficiently. The current study investigated the association among socio-economic status (education of parents, economic status of family) and perceived health mediated by physical activity and sedentary time (purpose for study or not), before and during Covid-19. Three cross-sectional and population-based representative surveys from 2019, 2020, and 2021 were utilized. Overall, 167,099 Korean adolescents (57,303 in 2019, 54,948 in 2020, 54,848 in 2021) participated. A multi-group structural equation model showed that socio-economic status was associated with perceived health through physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Both measures of socio-economic status were positively associated with sedentary time for study purposes, but negatively associated with purposes other than study. Higher education of parents negatively predicted physical activity, whereas higher economic status of family positively predicted physical activity. The impact of socio-economic status on sedentary time tended to increase after the pandemic. Covid-19 significantly affected adolescents’ health and health-related behaviors. Comprehensive policies considering adolescents’ socio-economic status and their physical activity and sedentary time would mitigate the health effects of the pandemic.
Socioeconomic per-case costs of stroke, myocardial infarction, and preterm birth attributable to air pollution in Sweden
Authors: Kriit Hedi Katre , Sommar Johan Nilsson , Åström Stefan
Published: January 2024

Background

Incident cases of stroke, myocardial infarction, and preterm birth have established exposure-response functions associated with air pollution. However, there are no studies reporting detailed costs per case for these health outcomes that are adapted to the cost-benefit tools that guide the regulation of air pollution.

Objectives

The primary objective was to establish non-fatal per-case monetary estimates for stroke, myocardial infarction, and preterm birth attributable to air pollution in Sweden, and the secondary objective was to ease the economic evaluation process of air pollution morbidity effects and their inclusion in cost-benefit assessments.

Methods

Based on recommendations from the literature, the case-cost analysis considered direct and indirect medical costs, as well as production losses and informal costs relevant for the calculation of the net present value. A literature search was conducted to estimate the costs of each category for each incident case in Sweden. Informal costs were estimated using the quality-adjusted life-years approach and the corresponding willingness-to-pay in the Swedish population. The total average per-case cost was estimated based on specific health outcome durations and severity and was discounted by 3.5% per year. Sensitivity analysis included varying discount rates, severity of health outcome, and the range of societal willingness to pay for quality-adjusted life years.

Results

The average net present value cost estimate was €2016 460k (185k–1M) for non-fatal stroke, €2016 24k (16k–38k) for myocardial infarction, and €2016 34k (19k–57k) for late preterm birth. The main drivers of the per-case total cost estimates were health outcome severity and societal willingness to pay for risk reduction. Varying the discount rate had the largest effect on preterm birth, with costs changing by ±30% for the discount rates analysed.

Recommendation

Because stroke, myocardial infarction, and preterm birth have established exposure-response functions linking these to air pollution, cost-benefit analyses should include the costs for these health outcomes in order to adequately guide future air pollution and climate change policies.
Utilizing machine learning for survival analysis to identify risk factors for COVID-19 intensive care unit admission: A retrospective cohort study from the United Arab Emirates
Authors: AlShehhi Aamna , Almansoori Taleb M. , Alsuwaidi Ahmed R. , Alblooshi Hiba
Published: January 2024

Background

The current situation of the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) as an innovative tool for addressing the evolving clinical challenges. An example is utilizing Machine Learning (ML) models—a subfield of AI that take advantage of observational data/Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to support clinical decision-making for COVID-19 cases. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 patients in the United Arab Emirates utilizing EHRs and ML for survival analysis models.

Methods

We tested various ML models for survival analysis in this work we trained those models using a different subset of features extracted by several feature selection methods. Finally, the best model was evaluated and interpreted using goodness-of-fit based on calibration curves,Partial Dependence Plots and concordance index.

Results

The risk of severe disease increases with elevated levels of C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, Modified Early Warning Score, respiratory rate and troponin. The risk also increases with hypokalemia, oxygen desaturation and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and hypocalcemia and lymphopenia.

Conclusion

Analyzing clinical data using AI models can provide vital information for clinician to measure the risk of morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. Further validation is crucial to implement the model in real clinical settings.
Ameliorating the impairment of glucose utilization in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model through the consumption of Tucum-do-Cerrado (Bactris Setosa Mart.)
Authors: Araújo Ananda de Mesquita , Arruda Sandra Fernandes
Published: January 2024

Introduction

We evaluated the effect of Tucum-do-Cerrado on glucose metabolism homeostasis and its relationship with redox-inflammatory responses in a high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity model.

Results

The HF diet increased energy intake, feed efficiency, body weight, muscle and hepatic glycogen, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) and beta (β)-cell function, and gut catalase (CAT) activity, and decreased food intake, hepatic glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pck1), and intestinal solute carrier family 5 member 1 (Slc5a1) mRNA levels compared with the control diet. However, the HF diet with Tucum-do-Cerrado decreased hepatic glycogen, and increased hepatic GR activity, hepatic Slc2a2 mRNA levels and serum Tnfa compared with the HF diet. Tucum-do-Cerrado decreased muscle glycogen, intestinal CAT and GPX activities, muscle PFK-1 and HK activities, and increased hepatic protein (CARB) and intestinal lipid (MDA) oxidation, hepatic GST activity, serum antioxidant potential, hepatic phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) activity, intestinal solute carrier family 2 member 2 (Slc2a2), tumor necrosis factor (Tnf), interleukin-1 beta (Il1b), muscle protein kinase AMP-activated alpha 1 (Prkaa1), solute carrier family 2 member 2 (Slc2a2) mRNA levels, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, regardless of diet type.

Conclusion

Tucum-do-Cerrado consumption may ameliorate impaired glucose utilization in a HF diet-induced obesity model by increasing liver and muscle glucose uptake and oxidation. These data suggest that Tucum-do-Cerrado consumption improves muscle glucose oxidation in non-obese and obese rats. This response may be related to the improvement in the total antioxidant capacity of rats.
Enhancing bank marketing strategies with ensemble learning: Empirical analysis
Authors: Tang Xing , Zhu Yusi
Published: January 2024

In order to enhance market share and competitiveness, large banks are increasingly focusing on promoting marketing strategies. However, the traditional bank marketing strategy often leads to the homogenization of customer demand, making it challenging to distinguish among various products. To address this issue, this paper presents a customer demand learning model based on financial datasets and optimizes the distribution model of bank big data channels through induction to rectify the imbalance in bank customer transaction data. By comparing the prediction models of random forest model and support vector machine (SVM), this paper analyzes the ability of the prediction model based on ensemble learning to significantly enhance the market segmentation of e-commerce banks. The empirical results reveal that the accuracy of random forest model reaches 92%, while the accuracy of SVM model reaches 87%. This indicates that the ensemble learning model has higher accuracy and forecasting ability than the single model. It enables the bank marketing system to implement targeted marketing, effectively maintain the relationship between customers and banks, and significantly improve the success probability of product marketing. Meanwhile, the marketing model based on ensemble learning has achieved a sales growth rate of 20% and improved customer satisfaction by 30%. This demonstrates that the implementation of the ensemble learning model has also significantly elevated the overall marketing level of bank e-commerce services. Therefore, this paper offers valuable academic guidance for bank marketing decision-making and holds important academic and practical significance in predicting bank customer demand and optimizing product marketing strategy.
Acute seizure activity in neonatal inflammation-sensitized hypoxia-ischemia in mice
Authors: June Angelina , Matysik Weronika , Marlicz Maria , Zucker Emily , Wagley Pravin K. , Kuan Chia-Yi , Burnsed Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Objective

To examine acute seizure activity and neuronal damage in a neonatal mouse model of inflammation-sensitized hypoxic-ischemic (IS-HI) brain injury utilizing continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) and neurohistology.

Methods

Neonatal mice were exposed to either IS-HI with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or HI alone on postnatal (p) day 10 using unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by global hypoxia (n = 10 [5 female, 5 male] for IS-HI, n = 12 [5 female, 7 male] for HI alone). Video cEEG was recorded for the duration of the experiment and analyzed for acute seizure activity and behavior. Brain tissue was stained and scored based on the degree of neuronal injury in the hippocampus, cortex, and thalamus.

Results

There was no significant difference in acute seizure activity among mice exposed to IS-HI compared to HI with regards to seizure duration (mean = 63 ± 6 seconds for HI vs mean 62 ± 5 seconds for IS-HI, p = 0.57) nor EEG background activity. Mice exposed to IS-HI had significantly more severe neural tissue damage at p30 as measured by neuropathologic scores (mean = 8 ± 1 vs 23 ± 3, p < 0.0001).

Interpretation

In a neonatal mouse model of IS-HI, there was no significant difference in acute seizure activity among mice exposed to IS-HI compared to HI. Mice exposed to IS-HI did show more severe neuropathologic damage at a later age, which may indicate the presence of chronic inflammatory mechanisms of brain injury distinct from acute seizure activity.
The intricate cellular ecosystem of human peripheral veins as revealed by single-cell transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Rojas Miguel G. , Zigmond Zachary M. , Pereira-Simon Simone , Santos Falcon Nieves , Suresh Kumar Maya , Stoyell-Conti Filipe F. , Kosanovic Christina , Griswold Anthony J. , Salama Alghidak , Yang Xiaofeng , Tabbara Marwan , Vazquez-Padron Roberto I. , Martinez Laisel
Published: January 2024

The venous system has been historically understudied despite its critical roles in blood distribution, heart function, and systemic immunity. This study dissects the microanatomy of upper arm veins at the single cell level, and how it relates to wall structure, remodeling processes, and inflammatory responses to injury. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to 4 non-diseased human veins (3 basilic, 1 cephalic) obtained from organ donors, followed by bioinformatic and histological analyses. Unsupervised clustering of 20,006 cells revealed a complex ecosystem of endothelial cell (EC) types, smooth muscle cell (SMCs) and pericytes, various types of fibroblasts, and immune cell populations. The venous endothelium showed significant upregulation of cell adhesion genes, with arteriovenous zonation EC phenotypes highlighting the heterogeneity of vasa vasorum (VV) microvessels. Venous SMCs had atypical contractile phenotypes and showed widespread localization in the intima and media. MYH11+DESlo SMCs were transcriptionally associated with negative regulation of contraction and pro-inflammatory gene expression. MYH11+DEShi SMCs showed significant upregulation of extracellular matrix genes and pro-migratory mediators. Venous fibroblasts ranging from secretory to myofibroblastic phenotypes were 4X more abundant than SMCs and widely distributed throughout the wall. Fibroblast-derived angiopoietin-like factors were identified as versatile signaling hubs to regulate angiogenesis and SMC proliferation. An abundant monocyte/macrophage population was detected and confirmed by histology, including pro-inflammatory and homeostatic phenotypes, with cell counts positively correlated with age. Ligand-receptor interactome networks identified the venous endothelium in the main lumen and the VV as a niche for monocyte recruitment and infiltration. This study underscores the transcriptional uniqueness of venous cells and their relevance for vascular inflammation and remodeling processes. Findings from this study may be relevant for molecular investigations of upper arm veins used for vascular access creation, where single-cell analyses of cell composition and phenotypes are currently lacking.
Body temperature in the acute phase and clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Mezuki Satomi , Matsuo Ryu , Irie Fumi , Shono Yuji , Kuwashiro Takahiro , Sugimori Hiroshi , Wakisaka Yoshinobu , Ago Tetsuro , Kamouchi Masahiro , Kitazono Takanari ,   on behalf of the Fukuoka Stroke Registry Investigators
Published: January 2024

Background

This study aimed to examine whether post-stroke early body temperature is associated with neurological damage in the acute phase and functional outcomes at three months.

Methods

We included 7,177 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 h of onset. Axillary temperature was measured daily in the morning for seven days. Mean body temperature was grouped into five quintiles (Q1: 35.1‒36.5°C, Q2: 36.5‒36.7°C, Q3: 36.7‒36.8°C, Q4: 36.8‒37.1°C, and Q5: 37.1‒39.1°C). Clinical outcomes included neurological improvement during hospitalization and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin scale score, 3–6) at three months. A logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between body temperature and clinical outcomes.

Results

The patient’s mean (SD) age was 70.6 (12.3) years, and 35.7% of patients were women. Mean body temperature was significantly associated with less neurological improvement from Q2 (odds ratios [95% confidence interval], 0.77 [0.65–0.99] vs. Q1) to Q5 (0.33 [0.28–0.40], P for trend <0.001) even after adjusting for potential confounders, including baseline neurological severity, C-reactive protein levels, and post-stroke acute infections. The multivariable-adjusted risk of poor functional outcome linearly increased from Q2 (1.36 [1.03–1.79]) to Q5 (6.44 [5.19–8.96], P for trend <0.001). These associations were maintained even in the analyses excluding patients with acute infectious diseases. Multivariable-adjusted risk of poor functional outcome was higher in patients with early body temperature elevation on days 1–3 and with longer duration with body temperature >37.0°C.

Conclusions

Post-stroke early high body temperature is independently associated with unfavorable outcomes following acute ischemic stroke.
Effects of Pieris japonica (Ericaceae) dominance on cool temperate forest altered-understory environments and soil microbiomes in Southern Japan
Authors: Tokumoto Yuji , Katayama Ayumi
Published: January 2024

The number of plants unpalatable to deer increases with increasing deer numbers. In the Kyushu Mountain area of Southern Japan, Pieris japonica (Ericaceae), an unpalatable shrub, has become the monodominant vegetation under evergreen conifer and deciduous broad-leaved tree stands. The monodominance of unpalatable plants in the understory has potential advantages and drawbacks; however, the effects of Pieris dominance are not well understood. To assess the effects of P. japonica dominances on forest environments and ecosystems, we investigated understory environments and soil microbiomes in Pieris-dominant sites. Under the deciduous broad-leaved trees, Pieris dominance leads to considerable Pieris leaf litter and humus weights and low soil bulk density and canopy openness. In the soil fungal community and fungal functional groups, the relative abundance of symbiotrophic fungi, particularly ectomycorrhizal fungi in Pieris-dominant sites were lower than in other-vegetation understory sites and saprotrophic fungi vice versa. Because few seedlings and saplings were found under Pieris shrubs, Pieris dominance in the understory might exclude other plant species. The results of this study will contribute to the Pieris population and forest management following deer overgrazing.
Deficiency in astrocyte CCL2 production reduces neuroimmune control of Toxoplasma gondii infection
Authors: Orchanian Stephanie B. , Still Katherine , Harris Tajie H. , Lodoen Melissa B.
Published: January 2024

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects one-third of the world’s human population and establishes infection in the brain. Cerebral immune cell infiltration is critical for controlling the parasite, but little is known about the molecular cues guiding immune cells to the brain during infection. Activated astrocytes produce CCL2, a chemokine that mediates inflammatory monocyte recruitment to tissues by binding to the CCR2 receptor. We detected elevated CCL2 production in the brains of C57BL/6J mice by 15 days after T. gondii infection. Utilizing confocal microscopy and intracellular flow cytometry, we identified microglia and brain-infiltrating myeloid cells as the main producers of CCL2 during acute infection, and CCL2 was specifically produced in regions of parasite infection in the brain. In contrast, astrocytes became the dominant CCL2 producer during chronic T. gondii infection. To determine the role of astrocyte-derived CCL2 in mobilizing immune cells to the brain and controlling T. gondii infection, we generated GFAP-Cre x CCL2fl/fl mice, in which astrocytes are deficient in CCL2 production. We observed significantly decreased immune cell recruitment and increased parasite burden in the brain during chronic, but not acute, infection of mice deficient in astrocyte CCL2 production, without an effect on peripheral immune responses. To investigate potential mechanisms explaining the reduced control of T. gondii infection, we analyzed key antimicrobial and immune players in host defense against T. gondii and detected a reduction in iNOS+ myeloid cells, and T. gondii-specific CD4+ T cells in the knockout mice. These data uncover a critical role for astrocyte-derived CCL2 in immune cell recruitment and parasite control in the brain during chronic, but not acute, T. gondii infection.
The transposing illustrator: Challenges and opportunities meeting the authorial illustrator that interacts, documents and bears witness of the unrepresented and the non-representable
Authors: Kramer Hilde
Published: January 2024

What could be gained by exploring transposition as critical framework for illustration? Obviously, there was always the possibility of adapting narration from one semiotic text to another. In times of structural injustice, war and migration, what may be the contribution from the field of illustration? May the illustrator’s transposition lead to a more nuanced storytelling beyond the ‘us’ and ‘them’ dichotomy? The ambition behind the artistic research project ‘Illuminating the non-representable’ was to be a laboratory for testing the definitions of illustration and illumination and to create a companionship of affirmative ethics Braidotti refers to. Challenges in illustrating the Holocaust have been a central topic in the project.
Ghost stories: Redon’s ‘transmission’ of Gothic literature
Authors: Sitzia Emilie
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on a rarely studied set of images: Redon’s album La Maison Hantée, published in 1896 (M 160-166) based on his friend and patron Philipon’s translation of Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s story The Haunted and the Haunters: Or, the House and the Brain (1859). Bulwer-Lytton was regarded as a significant writer in the 1830s and The Haunted and the Haunters was a well-known ghost story that contributed to establishing some recurrent narrative strategies of Gothic literature. Odilon Redon (1840–1916) was an avid reader who believed in the power of reading to explore the imagination. While Redon claimed he was not influenced by literature, he mingled with many literary figures of his time and published series of drawings linked to Poe, Baudelaire and Flaubert’s texts. Redon developed strategies to ‘interpret’ texts, rather than traditionally illustrate them, such as condensed narrative or the selection of existing drawings. Rather than base his works on narratives, he often sought another type of connection between the image and text, what he called a ‘transmission’. Setting itself in opposition to Leeman’s claims in his 1994 book that Redon’s images for this project are ‘reductive, purely illustrative visuals’, this article aims to show that there are essential and complex connections between Bulwer-Lytton’s Gothic text, its reception in late-nineteenth-century France, and Redon’s artistic production and interest in the occult at the time. Using Genette’s notion of ‘hypertextuality’ the article argues that this set of images is an exploration of Gothic techniques and tropes, a ‘transmission’ of Redon’s curiosity for occult practices and imagery.
A review of the human wildlife conflicts around the Nairobi National
Park, Kenya
Authors: Burudi Jocelyn , Katona Krisztián , Tormáné Kovács Eszter
Published: January 2024

Human-wildlife conflicts are one of the most important challenges
facing wildlife conservation. In Kenya, the Nairobi National Park (NNP)
experiences various pressures due to its small size and close proximity to
an expanding city. The unfenced southern part of the park is the main
hotspot for conflicts. For the review a content analysis of 21 publications
related to NNP published between 2011 and 2022 was conducted to identify
the causes, types and the mitigation measures of conflicts around the park.
Documents for the analysis were collected through Google Scholar, Web of
Science and Scopus. Our results indicate that livestock predation linked to
lions is the major type of conflict superseded by retaliatory killings of
the carnivores by the local communities. Other conflicts include crop raids
by ungulates and the spread of diseases especially the East Coast fever
that is transmitted from the wildebeest to livestock. Findings further
reveal that one of the main causes of the conflicts is the expanding human
population, which has encroached on wildlife dispersal corridors. It
resulted in land subdivision and fencing of the farms as farmers try to
protect their livestock from wildlife. This has greatly impeded wildlife
migration. Mitigation methods in place include compensation schemes and
landowners leasing their farms to the park management so that the corridors
can be left open for free wildlife movement. These have however been
inadequate therefore there is still a need to find sustainable mitigation
measures that ensure coexistence between humans and wildlife in and around
NNP.
The effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on the yield of different winter
wheat varieties at four nutrient levels
Authors: Szentpéteri Lajos , Irmes Katalin , Kristó István , Rácz Attila , Vályi-Nagy Marianna , Tar Melinda
Published: January 2024

The examination of mycorrhizae is a very important research topic
nowadays, as it is known for its many positive effects and can be found on
almost all soil types. They are able to form a symbiotic relationship with
the majority of terrestrial plants, with almost 90% of them. They increase
the nutrient and water absorption of the host plant, increase the
resistance of the plant against diseases and help improve the quality of
the soil. In return, the fungus receives organic matter, vitamins and
growth-stimulating substances from the plant. However, few studies deal
with the mycorrhiza-wheat relationship under field conditions. In our
research, we focused on this, where we created four different nutrient
levels and treated four varieties of winter wheat (GK Déva, GK Petur,
Cellule, MV Nádor) with a biological seedcoating product that contain
mycorrhiza. The experiment was set up in Szeged-Öthalom, in the 2021/2022
growing season, on 10 m2 plots in four replicates, using random block
arrangement. Our goal was to determine the effectiveness of mycorrhizal
treatments in addition to traditional field cultivation. To do this, we
measured the yield amounts and examined different yield elements (stem
weight, spike weight, spike length). Then the results of the treated and
control plants were compared and evaluated using the SPSS statistical
system. Based on the one-year results, we observed that mycorrhizal
treatments had a positive effect on the yield of winter wheat varieties at
all nutrient levels.
Examining the Effects of Mobile Telephone Communication on the Utilization of Antenatal Care Services Among Expectant Mothers in Kyotera And Rakai Districts, Uganda
Authors: Nakachwa Maria , Kiyingi Frank-Pio , Musoke Miph
Published: January 2024

Uganda still grapples with a high maternal mortality rates of 336 deaths per 100,000. Expectant mothers across the country lack awareness about the availability of antenatal care services; yet attendance of antenatal care services during pregnancy is crucial in protecting the health of women and unborn children. This article describes a protocol for investigating the effectiveness of mobile telephone communication interventions on the utilization of antenatal care services among expectant mothers in the districts of Kyotera and Rakai Districts in Uganda. Under the protocol, 28 health facilities in the districts of Kyotera and Rakai will be selected using simple random sampling and allocated into the intervention and control arms at a ratio of 1:1. A total of 2224 expectant mothers receiving antenatal care from the sampled health facilities will be recruited using systematic sampling. Expectant mothers receiving antenatal care from facilities allocated into the intervention arm will receive mobile telephone voice and text messages reminders for scheduled ANC visits. The mobile telephone messages will further provide maternal health information and availability of ANC services on a fortnightly basis.

On the other hand, expectant mothers receiving antenatal care from facilities allocated into the control group will not get any reminders for scheduled ANC visit and maternal health information through the mobile telephone communication platform. Expectant mothers in the control arm will receive standard maternal health care without reminders.

Expectant mothers in both groups will provide baseline data, midterm data will be obtained from the ANC registers at 6 moths while end of term data will be collected after an intervention period of 12months. The data collected will include the number of antenatal care visits attended, antenatal care services obtained from the health facilities, sociodemographic factors and mobile telephone usage, ownership and knowledge. The anticipated outcomes are; increased awareness and utilization of ANC services.
LANGO ACTIVISM (LEGAL AID NGOS) ON THE RISE OF NEOLIBERAL GOVERNMENTALITY IN POST-AUTHORITARIAN INDONESIA: EXAMINING TWO DECADES OF STRUGGLE
Authors: Widyanta Andreas Budi , Nugroho Heru , Sujito Arie
Published: January 2024

This paper analyzes the dynamics and challenges of the movement of a Legal Aid NGO (LANGO) in Indonesia in advocating for the rights of the weak, poor, and marginalized to gain access to justice during two decades of reform. Through historical, sociological, and political insights, this paper reveals the discursive narrative of neoliberal governmentality for the last twenty years. This study uses a qualitative method, with data collection techniques of observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with three informants from Legal Aid NGO. Using the Foucaultian analytical framework, this study finds that neoliberal governance has shaped LANGO as a managerial subject that implicitly and obediently promotes the discourse and practice of neoliberal rationality. But on the other hand, LANGO becomes an administrative subject resistant to neoliberal rationality by performing several maneuvers and tactics: promotion, contextual adaptation, avoidance/avoidance, and rejection. This contradiction and ambivalence become a severe challenge for LANGO in realizing equal access to justice for the marginalized and vulnerable in Indonesia.Paper ini akan menganalisis secara kritis dinamika dan tantangan gerakan dari sebuah Legal Aid NGO (LANGO) di Indonesia dalam mengadvokasi hak-hak kaum lemah, miskin, dan terpinggirkan untuk mendapatkan akses keadilan selama dua dekade reformasi. Melalui tilikan historis, sosiologis, dan politis, paper ini akan mengungkap narasi diskursif governmentality neoliberal yang berlangsung selama dua puluh tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam terhadap tiga informan dari Legal Aid NGO. Dengan menggunakan kerangka analisis Foucaultian, studi ini menemukan bahwa pemerintahan neoliberal telah membentuk LANGO sebagai subjek manajerial yang secara implisit dan patuh mempromosikan wacana dan praktik rasionalitas neoliberal. Namun di sisi lain, LANGO menjadi subjek manajerial yang resisten terhadap rasionalitas neoliberal dengan melakukan sejumlah manuver dan taktik: promosi, adaptasi kontekstual, penghindaran, dan penolakan. Kontradiksi dan ambivalensi ini merupakan tantangan serius bagi LANGO dalam mewujudkan kesetaraan akses keadilan bagi kaum marginal dan rentan di Indonesia.
THE SPIRITUAL-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF TIDORE TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Authors: Efendi David , Ade Arifin Muhammad , Mahadika Alam
Published: January 2024

G20 summit in August has established various strategies and issues focusing in environmental managements, especially climate change. It has prompted some parties to realize a better understanding of climate change amid their limitations. The roles of indigenous communities are considered by many social scientists as parties which are able to contribute significantly to environmental conservation which indirectly has an impact on corporate efforts as the G20 country aspires to. This study intends to explain how the spiritual beliefs and practices of indigenous peoples in Tidore, North Maluku, who have been acculturated with Islam, can catalyze natural preservation. This research was conducted through an ethnographic approach in Kalaodi village, Tidore, North Maluku. The data was collected through observations and in-depth interviews with 16 informants consisting of traditional leaders, heads of village, and ordinary civilians. The findings showed that the beliefs and eco-spiritual practices of the Kalaodi people, known as Paca Goya, have successful impacts in environmental issues in the region remaining sustainable and even become one of the protected forests in Indonesia. It is undoubtedly a positive approach of campaigning better understanding of climate change amid public confusion about the threat of global warming.Negara G20 pada KTT Agustus lalu telah memantapkan berbagai strategi dan fokus isu dalam pengelolaan lingkungan, khususnya perubahan iklim. Hal ini mendorong sejumlah pihak untuk bagaimana mewujudkan perubahan iklim yang lebih baik di tengah berbagai keterbatasan yang ada? Peran komunitas adat dewasa ini dilirik oleh banyak ilmuwan sosial telah berkontribusi signifikan dalam konservasi lingkungan yang secara tidak langsung tentu memiliki dampak pada upaya peruahan iklim seperti yang dicita-citakan Negara G20. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan bagaimana keyakinan dan praktik spritual masyarakat adat di Tidore Maluku Utara yang telah berakulturasi dengan budaya Islam mampu menjadi katalisator dalam pelestarian alam. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan etnografi di desa Kalaodi, Tidore, Maluku Utara. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 16 informan yang terdiri dari tokoh adat, lurah, dan warga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keyakinan dan praktik eco-spiritual masyarakat Kalaodi yang dikenal dengan Paca Goya telah berhasil menjadikan kawasan lingkungan tersebut tetap lestari dan bahkan menjadi salah satu hutan lindung di Indonesia. Hal ini tentu menjadi indikasi positif bagi terwujudnya perubahan iklim yang lebih baik di tengah kebingungan masyarakat akan ancaman global warming dunia.
HALAL INFLUENCERS: A REPRESENTATION OF THE TREND OF HALAL-FOOD CONSUMPTION AMONG THE INDONESIAN MUSLIM MIDDLE CLASS
Authors: Rohman Muhammad Faizur , Ulinnuha Roma
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, the interest of the world's Muslim community in the consumption of halal food has increased. As a country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has played important roles in halal-food consumption with attractive trends in the making. In this case, the role of halal influencers on social media is absolute significant in which their presences have shed light on the issue and influenced the trends . This research intends to track the strategy and impact of Muslim influencers in fostering cultural aspects of of halal-food consumption in Indonesia, particularly among Generation Z. This study employed a qualitative approach by using netnography through some influencers’ accounts, such as @aishamaharani, @dianwidayanti, and @anca.id. The findings showed that halal-food influencers could lead generation Z through the trend of halalness into the rules and resources in order to form a new Muslim middle class in encouraging the halal ecosystem in Indonesia.Dewasa ini, minat masyarakat Muslim dunia terhadap konsumsi makanan halal telah meningkat. Indonesia, meskipun merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk Muslim terbesar di dunia, konsumsi makanan halal telah berkembang menjadi sebuah trend di kalangan Muslim. Hal ini tidak lepas dari pengaruh halal influencer di sosial media. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melacak strategi dan dampak influencer Muslim dalam menumbuhkan budaya konsumsi halal di Indonesia, khususnya di kalangan generasi Z. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui netnografi, menelusuri akun-akun halal influencer, seperti @aishamaharani, @dianwidayanti, dan @anca.id. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa influencer Muslim mampu menggiring generasi Z melalui trend konsumsi halal ke dalam rules dan resource yang mereka harapkan dapat menjadi sarana pembentukan kelas menengah Muslim baru untuk mendorong ekosistem halal di Indonesia.
JAVANESE ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION: A STUDY ON THE SUSTAINABILITY THE ABOGE ISLAM COMMUNITY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sofyan M Ali , Wahyuni Tri , Arifin Win Listyaningrum
Published: January 2024

The indigenous religion of Java has a longer historical existence compared to the currently recognized state religions. Similarly, Javanese Islam has evolved through religious syncretism with Javanese culture. Javanese Islam has served as a means to reconcile the two opposing poles of this entity, as well as a way to attract followers. Aboge Islam in Purbalingga, Central Java is one form of Javanese Islam. The existence of Aboge Islam is facing increasing threats, particularly in the era of globalization. This article will provide an overview of the current reality, obstacles, and threats faced by the Aboge Islamic community, and discuss their future. This research is conducted using the qualitative ethnographic method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with members of the Aboge Muslim community, as well as observations and document studies. The findings revealed that the Aboge Muslim community has undertaken various adaptation processes as a survival strategy to maintain its existence amidst the challenges posed by globalization. This form of adaptation is the inheritance of community values by passing down their traditional values to the younger generation, which includes 'ngormati leluhur' (the practices of ancestor worship), "melu gawe" (a Javanese term for working together), and "Turki" (Tuturan Kaki, oral transmission of knowledge and advice from parents or elders). Through this process, they hope their community will survive in the future.Religi lokal di Jawa memiliki usia lebih tua dari agama yang sekarang diakui oleh negara. Begitu juga Islam Jawa yang merupakan hasil sinkretisme religi dengan kultur Jawa. Islam Jawa menjadi jalan untuk mendamaikan dua kutub ekstrim entitas ini, sekaligus sebagai ‘jalan’ untuk mendapatkan pengikut. Islam Aboge di Purbalingga Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu bentuk dari Islam Jawa tersebut. Keberadaan Islam Aboge semakin hari kian terancam terutama di era globalisasi. Tulisan ini akan menguraikan keberadaan komunitas Islam Aboge di masa depan, dengan melihat realitas, hambatan dan ancaman yang terjadi sekarang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap pemeluk Islam Aboge, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk menjaga eksistensi komunitasnya di tengah pusaran globalisasi, mereka telah melakukan sejumlah proses adaptasi sebagai pilihan untuk bertahan. Bentuk adaptasi tersebut adalah pewarisan nilai-nilai komunitas melalui pengajaran kepada anak-anak mereka, seperti ngormati leluhur, melu gawe, dan Turki (Tuturan Kaki, nasehat orangtua). Melalui proses ini mereka berharap komunitas mereka akan tetap bertahan di masa depan.
FROM ANTI-ESTABLISHMENT POPULISM MOVEMENT TO POLITICAL PARTY: REVISITING UMMAT PARTY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Abhipraya Fairuz Arta , Gauhar Fasih Raghib , Candra Ilham Agustian
Published: January 2024

The rise of populist movements in Indonesia's political culture and democracy is influenced by the pragmatic ideologies of Muslim figures and perspectives that represent the majority group in the country. The formation of the Ummat Party represents one of the manifestations of the populist movement. The objective of this research is to elucidate the evolution of anti-establishment populist movements that have manifested as the Ummat Party, which has been initiated by Islamic populist figures in Indonesia, specifically Amien Rais. This study was conducted using a qualitative research method. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and literature review. The findings revealed that Amien Rais employed anti-establishment populist narratives to create a movement of resistance, resulting in the establishment of the Ummat Party in Indonesia. By utilizing this narrative, the Ummat Party aims to challenge the socio-political status quo within Indonesia's democratic culture, advocating for change. Moreover, the Ummat Party exhibits a political agenda in utilizing the anti-establishment movement as a strategy to attain power and as a form of opposition against the current government in Indonesia.Gerakan populisme dalam budaya politik dan demokrasi di Indonesia banyak dipengaruhi oleh pemikiran praktis tokoh dan pandangan Muslim yang menjadi kelompok mayoritas di Indonesia. Munculnya Partai Ummat adalah salah satu dari bentuk gerakan populisme tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses munculnya gerakan populisme anti-kemapanan yang bertransformasi menjadi Partai Ummat yang digagas oleh tokoh populis Islam di Indonesia, yakni Amien Rais. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan telaah pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Amien Rais menggunakan narasi populis anti kemapanan guna membentuk gerakan perlawanan dengan mendirikan Partai Ummat di Indonesia. Melalui narasi ini pula, Partai Ummat berupaya untuk mengubah struktur sosial politik dalam budaya demokrasi di Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, terdapat kepentingan politik Partai Ummat untuk mengambil isu gerakan anti kemapanan ini sebagai sarana mencapai kekuasaan dan sebagai bentuk resistensi terhadap pemerintah Indonesia saat ini.