bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to facilitate concurrent lower lobectomy after coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy without adding anterolateral thoracotomy?
Authors: Seyrek Yunus , Akkuş Murat
Published: April 2023

Background and aim

Median sternotomy is an unfavourable approach for performing lung resection and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Some studies have speculated that concurrent pulmonary resections other than upper lobectomy, necessitate anterolateral thoracotomy in addition to sternotomy. In this study, we aimed to discuss the feasibility and advantages of concomitant video‐thoracoscopy (VATS) assisted lower lobectomy after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods

We analysed 21 patients who underwent a single combined procedure that includes CABG followed by anatomical pulmonary resection and divided them into two groups: patients who underwent upper lobectomy via median sternotomy incision (Group A, n = 12) and patients who underwent lower lobectomy with video‐thoracoscopic assistance (VATS) next to sternotomy incision (Group B, n = 9).

Results

There were no significant differences between the groups in age, sex, comorbidities, tumour side or size, tumour stage, tumour histopathology, number of dissected lymph node stations, N status, CABG type, number of grafts used, operative time, hospitalization and complication rates.

Conclusion

The feasibility of upper lobectomies via median sternotomy is clear; however, performing lower lobectomies is challenging. In our study, we concluded that the operative feasibility of concurrent lower lobectomy by VATS assistance showed no essential difference to that of concurrent upper lobectomy by presenting that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of any studied parameters. We can speculate that median sternotomy with VATS assistance should be especially considered instead of anterolateral thoracotomy for lower lobectomies at centres where VATS lobectomies are performed.
Feeling/thinking the archive: Participatory mapping Marronage
Authors: Zavala Guillen Ana Laura
Published: April 2023

This article develops a decolonial participatory method to map the geographies of descendants of fugitives from slavery, or Maroons, to disrupt white‐Mestizo constructions of Latin American territories. Maroon‐descendant communities can take advantage of existing archives and their extensive oral history to explain their territorial development from a home‐grown perspective. With the researcher's assistance, members of San Basilio de Palenque, Colombia, used their knowledge and emotions as a lens through which to analyse colonial records to map their territory from both a historical and present day perspective. Feeling/thinking about dispossession and resistance while counter‐using the colonial archive to reclaim Afro‐descendant territory is a subversive undertaking, one that is engrained in the legacy of Maroon resistance.
An exploration of the ideological becoming of online educators
Authors: Larty Joanne , Hodgson Vivien
Published: April 2023

As online education continues to proliferate that there is a need to understand how institutions can better support faculty in the transition to online education. Building on work that has suggested the importance of learning spaces for faculty to engage in discussion and reflection on their move to online education, this paper employs Bakhtin's notion of ideological becoming to provide a theoretically grounded understanding of how the design of such spaces can better facilitate this move. The paper reveals how learning spaces designed to develop critical awareness empower faculty to navigate discourses of online education, enabling them to build on their existing knowledge and skills as educators. The findings reveal how engaging faculty in critical dialogue can enable a cumulative shift in thinking from discussions dominated by authoritative discourses of online education that create an initial confusion between performance and pedagogy to the development of critical awareness that enables them to challenge dominant discourses and reconnect with the self as an experienced educator. The paper provides an important insight into an approach that might enable institutions to better support faculty buy‐in and acceptance of online education.

Practitioner Notes

What is already known about this topic

Institutions struggle to understand how best to engage faculty in the transition to online education.

A number of frameworks and models have been proposed to facilitate the transition, but these mostly take a managerial perspective.

The transition to online teaching is most effective when supported by opportunities for faculty to engage in critical reflection and discussion.

Less is known about how opportunities for critical reflection support the transition process and there is a need to theoretically ground such understanding.

What this paper adds

The paper draws on Bakhtin's notion of ideological becoming to explore how learning spaces for educator discussion and reflection can be used to facilitate the transition process.

The findings show how learning spaces can be designed to enable faculty to develop the skills to navigate and challenge dominant discourses of online learning.

The development of critical awareness among educators can also facilitate the development of educational practices for both classroom and online teaching.

Implications for practice and/or policy

The transition to online education is not an individual activity, but a collaborative and dialogical process.

Faculty need time and space to critically challenge dominant discourses of online education and to re‐establish their existing skills and experience within an online context.

This should not be a one‐off event but an ongoing process and conversation in a constantly changing and evolving higher education context.

At the policy level, we should not expect online educational practice to be based on one approach or model, but to celebrate individuality and innovation.
Risk factors for CAR‐T cell manufacturing failure among DLBCL patients: A nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Jo Tomoyasu , Yoshihara Satoshi , Okuyama Yoshiki , Fujii Keiko , Henzan Tomoko , Kahata Kaoru , Yamazaki Rie , Takeda Wataru , Umezawa Yoshihiro , Fukushima Kentaro , Ashida Takashi , Yamada‐Fujiwara Minami , Hanajiri Ryo , Yonetani Noboru , Tada Yuma , Shimura Yuji , Nishikii Hidekazu , Shiba Norio , Mimura Naoya , Ando Jun , Sato Takayuki , Nakashima Yasuhiro , Ikemoto Junko , Iwaki Keita , Fujiwara Shin‐ichiro , Ri Masaki , Nagamura‐Inoue Tokiko , Tanosaki Ryuji , Arai Yasuyuki
Published: April 2023

For successful chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell therapy, CAR‐T cells must be manufactured without failure caused by suboptimal expansion. In order to determine risk factors for CAR‐T cell manufacturing failure, we performed a nationwide cohort study in Japan and analysed patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who underwent tisagenlecleucel production. We compared clinical factors between 30 cases that failed (7.4%) with those that succeeded (n = 378). Among the failures, the proportion of patients previously treated with bendamustine (43.3% vs. 14.8%; p < 0.001) was significantly higher, and their platelet counts (12.0 vs. 17.0 × 104/μL; p = 0.01) and CD4/CD8 T‐cell ratio (0.30 vs. 0.56; p < 0.01) in peripheral blood at apheresis were significantly lower than in the successful group. Multivariate analysis revealed that repeated bendamustine use with short washout periods prior to apheresis (odds ratio [OR], 5.52; p = 0.013 for ≥6 cycles with washout period of 3–24 months; OR, 57.09; p = 0.005 for ≥3 cycles with washout period of <3 months), low platelet counts (OR, 0.495 per 105/μL; p = 0.022) or low CD4/CD8 ratios (<one third) (OR, 3.249; p = 0.011) in peripheral blood at apheresis increased the risk of manufacturing failure. Manufacturing failure remains an obstacle to CAR‐T cell therapy for DLBCL patients. Avoiding risk factors, such as repeated bendamustine administration without sufficient washout, and risk‐adapted strategies may help to optimize CAR‐T cell therapy for DLBCL patients.
Power and bias in industrial relations research
Authors: Doucouliagos Anthony , Doucouliagos Hristos , Stanley T. D.
Published: April 2023

We survey 20,439 estimates from 64 distinct research areas to assess power, bias and statistical significance in industrial relations research. The average estimate published in industrial relations research lacks adequate power; average power is 33 per cent, and median power is only 14 per cent, much lower than the conventional 80 per cent standard. Low power means that industrial relations researchers will find it more difficult to detect important associations pertaining to workplace relations. Low power also leads to exaggerated research findings. We find substantial publication bias in industrial relations research, though nearly half of the research areas have little or no bias.
Targeting G protein‐coupled receptors for heart failure treatment
Authors: Thai Bui San , Chia Ling Yeong , Nguyen Anh T. N. , Qin Chengxue , Ritchie Rebecca H. , Hutchinson Dana S. , Kompa Andrew , White Paul J. , May Lauren T.
Published: April 2023

Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current treatment for patients with heart failure include drugs targeting G protein‐coupled receptors such as β‐adrenoceptor antagonists (β‐blockers) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (or angiotensin II receptor blockers). However, many patients progress to advanced heart failure with persistent symptoms, despite treatment with available therapeutics that have been shown to reduce mortality and mortality. GPCR targets currently being explored for the development of novel heart failure therapeutics include adenosine receptor, formyl peptide receptor, relaxin/insulin‐like family peptide receptor, vasopressin receptor, endothelin receptor and the glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor. Many GPCR drug candidates are limited by insufficient efficacy and/or dose‐limiting unwanted effects. Understanding the current challenges hindering successful clinical translation and the potential to overcome existing limitations will facilitate the future development of novel heart failure therapeutics.

LINKED ARTICLES

This article is part of a themed issue Therapeutic Targeting of G Protein‐Coupled Receptors: hot topics from the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists 2021 Virtual Annual Scientific Meeting. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.14/issuetoc
PPARγ inhibited tumor immune escape by inducing PD‐L1 autophagic degradation
Authors: Gou Qian , Che Suning , Chen Mingjun , Chen Huiqing , Shi Juanjuan , Hou Yongzhong
Published: April 2023

Blockade of the programmed death 1 (PD‐1)/ programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) immune checkpoint could increase antitumor immunotherapy for multiple types of cancer, but the response rate of patients is about 10%–40%. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and cancer progression, while the mechanism of PPARγ on cancer cell immune escape is still unclear. Here we found that PPARγ expression exhibits a positive correlation with activation of T cells in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by clinical analysis. Deficiency of PPARγ promoted immune escape of NSCLC by inhibiting T‐cell activity, which was associated with increased PD‐L1 protein level. Further analysis showed that PPARγ reduced PD‐L1 expression independent of its transcriptional activity. PPARγ contains the microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3 (LC3) interacting region motif, which acts as an autophagy receptor for PPARγ binding to LC3, leading to degradation of PD‐L1 in lysosomes, which in turn suppresses NSCLC tumor growth by increasing T‐cell activity. These findings suggest that PPARγ inhibits the tumor immune escape of NSCLC by inducing PD‐L1 autophagic degradation.
Determining optimal forest rotation ages and carbon offset credits: Accounting for post‐harvest carbon storehouses
Authors: van Kooten G. Cornelis
Published: April 2023

Sequestering carbon in forest ecosystems is important for mitigating climate change. A major policy concern is whether forests should be left unharvested to avoid carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and store carbon, or harvested to take advantage of potential carbon storage in post‐harvest wood product sinks and removal of CO2from the atmosphere by new growth. The issue is addressed in this paper by examining carbon rotation ages that consider commercial timber as well as carbon values. A discrete‐time optimal rotation age model is developed that employs data on carbon fluxes stored in both living and dead biomass as opposed to carbon as a function of timber growth. Carbon is allocated to several ecosystem and post‐harvest product pools that decay over time at different rates. In addition, the timing of carbon fluxes is taken into account by weighting future carbon fluxes as less important than current ones. Using simple formulae for determining optimal rotation ages, we find that: (1) Reducing the price of timber while increasing the price of carbon will increase rotation age, perhaps to infinity (stand remains unharvested). (2) An increase in the rate used to discount physical carbon generally reduces the rotation age, but not in all cases. (3) As a corollary, an increase in the price of carbon increases or reduces rotation age depending on the weight chosen to discount future carbon fluxes. (4) Site characteristics and the mix of species on the site affect conclusions (2) and (3). (5) A large variety of carbon offset credits from forestry activities could be justified, which makes it difficult to accept any.
Generation of Rh D‐negative blood using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Xu Lei , Zeng Quan , Liang Liqing , Yang Zhou , Qu Mingyi , Li Huilin , Zhang Bowen , Zhang Jing , Yuan Xin , Chen Lin , Fan Zeng , He Lijuan , Nan Xue , Yue Wen , Xie Xiaoyan , Pei Xuetao
Published: April 2023

Blood supply shortages, especially the shortage of rare blood types, threaten the current medical system. Research on stem cells has shed light on in vitro blood cell manufacturing. The in vitro production of universal red blood cells (RBCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has become the focus of transfusion medicine. To obtain O‐type Rh D‐negative blood, we developed O‐type Rh D‐negative human (h)iPSCs using homology‐directed repair (HDR)‐based CRISPR/Cas9. HuAiPSCs derived from human umbilical arterial endothelial cells and showing haematopoietic differentiation preferences were selected for gene modification. Guide RNAs (gRNAs) were selected, and a donor template flanked by gRNA‐directed homologous arms was set to introduce a premature stop code to RHD exon 2. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has resulted in the successful generation of an RHD knockout cell line. The HuAiPSC‐A1‐RHD−/− cell line was differentiated into haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and subsequently into erythrocytes in the oxygen concentration‐optimized differentiation scheme. HuAiPSC‐A1‐RHD−/− derived erythrocytes remained positive for the RBC markers CD71 and CD235a. These erythrocytes did not express D antigen and did not agglutinate in the presence of anti‐Rh D reagents. In conclusion, taking the priority of haematopoietic preference hiPSCs, the HDR‐based CRISPR/Cas9 system and optimizing the erythroid‐lineage differentiation protocol, we first generated O‐type Rh D‐negative universal erythrocytes from RHD knockout HuAiPSCs. Its production is highly efficient and shows great potential for clinical applications.
Finding harmony inMarine Protected Areadesign guidelines
Authors: Burns Echelle S. , Lopazanski Cori , Flower Jason , Thomas Lennon R. , Bradley Darcy , Lester Sarah E.
Published: April 2023

Widespread degradation of marine ecosystems and ecosystem services, coupled with national and global commitments to improve protection of the oceans, has led to a proliferation of efforts to designate new marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks. A range of design features must be considered when designating MPAs, including MPA size and shape, level of protection, and the species and habitats protected, and evidence suggests these design elements can be crucial in determining MPA effectiveness. Over the past several decades, expansive literature has emerged providing recommendations for MPA design, and yet collectively these recommendations can be overwhelming and even contradictory for MPA planners. To address this barrier, we reviewed and synthesized 307 unique MPA design recommendations across 56 peer‐reviewed and gray literature publications. We created a new set of 24 condensed design guidelines grouped by conservation objectives: ecological spatial connectivity (e.g., genetic, larval, community); habitat representation; species or population persistence; mitigation of and complementarity to human activities; and permanence and adaptability. We then discuss examples of datasets, models, and tools that can be utilized to implement specific guidelines. Our review and novel synthesis can help decision‐makers understand and apply MPA design recommendations to achieve desired conservation objectives.
Building rural community disaster resilience in developing countries: insights from a Chinese NGO's Safe Rural Community programme
Authors: Lu Yi , Wang Yujie , Zhan Chengyan
Published: April 2023

As rural areas in developing countries are generally more vulnerable to disasters triggered by natural hazards than urban areas, it has become critical to strengthen rural community disaster resilience (CDR) to reduce the risks. Using follow‐up interviews, surveys, and secondary data, this study reviewed the Safe Rural Community (SRC) programme implemented by the One Foundation, a Chinese civilian non‐governmental organisation (NGO), after the 2013 Lushan earthquake in China. The study focused on five key resilience aspects: networks; infrastructure; institutions; capacity; and culture. It found that the SRC programme successfully developed five standardised, systematic, interrelated, and practical elements: localised volunteer rescue teams; adequate emergency supplies; practical disaster reduction training; community emergency plans; and regular emergency rescue drills. Third‐party evaluations and a 2022 Lushan earthquake test revealed that this NGO‐led, community‐based, and team‐oriented initiative had been effective. Consequently, the study provides some guidance for the development of effective CDR programmes in rural communities in developing countries.
Predicting new onset atrial fibrillation post acute myocardial infarction: Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial size
Authors: Lancini Daniel , Prasad Aveechal , Thomas Liza , Atherton John , Martin Paul , Prasad Sandhir
Published: April 2023

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly occurs following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Left atrial (LA) size has been reported to predict new onset AF in this cohort, however, the optimal metric of left atrial size for risk stratification following AMI is unknown.

Methods

Patients presenting to a tertiary hospital with incident AMI (NSTEMI or STEMI) and no history of AF were recruited. All patients underwent guideline‐based workup and management for AMI, including transthoracic echocardiographic assessment. Three alternative metrics of left atrial size were determined: LA area, maximal and minimal LA volume indexed to body surface area (LAVImax and LAVImin). The primary endpoint was new onset AF diagnoses.

Results

Four hundred thirty three patients were included in the analysis, of which 7.1% had a new diagnosis of AF within a median follow‐up of 3.8 years. Univariate predictors of incident AF included age, hypertension, revascularization with CABG, NSTEMI presentation, right atrial area, and all three metrics of LA size. Among three multivariable models created for the prediction of new onset AF utilizing alternate metrics of LA size, LAVImin was the only LA size metric found to be an independent predictor.

Conclusions

LAVImin is an independent predictor of new onset AF post AMI. LAVImin outperforms echocardiographic assessment of diastolic dysfunction and alternative metrics of LA size (including LA area and LAVImax) for risk stratification. Further studies are needed to validate our findings in post AMI patients, and evaluate whether LAVImin holds similar advantages over LAVImax in other cohorts.
One‐hour post‐load glucose and subclinical left atrial myocardial dysfunction in hypertensive patients
Authors: Miceli Sofia , Cassano Velia , Clausi Elvira , Armentaro Giuseppe , Tallarico Valeria , Dallimonti Perini Daniele , Succurro Elena , Maio Raffaele , Perticone Maria , Hribal Marta L. , Montalcini Tiziana , Andreozzi Francesco , Sesti Giorgio , Sciacqua Angela
Published: April 2023

Background

Recently, studies demonstrated that normal glucose‐tolerant subjects (NGT) with 1‐h post‐load plasma glucose value ≥155 mg/dL during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (NGT ≥ 155) present an impaired cardio‐metabolic profile, with subclinical myocardial damage. Atrial morphological and functional alterations, closely related to diastolic dysfunction, are important predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in the entire population as well as in diabetic patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate subclinical atrial myocardial damage, assessed with speckle tracking echocardiography, in NGT≥155 mg/dL patients, comparing to NGT < 155 mg/dL subjects, impaired glucose tolerant (IGT) individuals and patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods

We enrolled 229 Caucasian patients. All subjects underwent anthropometrical and haemodynamic parameters evaluation, OGTT, advanced Colour‐Doppler echocardiography with evaluation of main atrial and ventricular parameters.

Results

As expected, from first to the fourth group there was a worsening of the metabolic profile as attested by fasting, 1‐ and 2‐h post‐load plasma glucose levels, during OGTT. Moreover, from NGT < 155 to T2DM group there was an impairment in reservoir and pump atrial function (PALS and PACS, respectively) (p < .0001).

Conclusion

Present data demonstrated for the first time that NGT≥155 subjects present subclinical atrial dysfunction. These results may be clinically relevant because they highlight how atrial myopathy occurs early in pre‐diabetes stage regardless of fibrotic and morphological alterations of the ventricular myocardium.
Risk factors and outcomes of COVID‐19 in adult patients with hematological malignancies: A single‐center study showing lower than expected rates of hospitalization and mortality
Authors: Aumann Shlomzion , Tsubary Uria , Nachmias Boaz , Ben Yehuda Dina , Lavie David , Goldschmidt Neta , Vainstein Vladimir , Libster Diana , Saban Revital , Shaulov Adir , Israel Sarah , Avni Batia , Grisariu Sigal , Bdolah‐Amram Tali , Gatt Moshe , Zimran Eran
Published: April 2023

Background

Studies addressing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in patients with hematological malignancies have reported mortality rates of up to 40%; however, included predominantly hospitalized patients.

Methods

During the first year of the pandemic, we followed adult patients with hematological malignancies treated at a tertiary center in Jerusalem, Israel, who contracted COVID‐19, with the aim of studying risk factors for adverse COVID‐19‐related outcomes. We used remote communication to track patients managed at home‐isolation, and patient questioning to assess the source of COVID‐19 infection, community versus nosocomial.

Results

Our series included 183 patients, median age was 62.5 years, 72% had at least one comorbidity and 39% were receiving active antineoplastic treatment. Hospitalization, critical COVID‐19, and mortality rates were 32%, 12.6%, and 9.8%, respectively, remarkably lower than previously reported. Age, multiple comorbidities, and active antineoplastic treatment were significantly associated with hospitalization due to COVID‐19. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies was strongly associated with both hospitalization and critical COVID‐19. In older (≥60) patients not receiving active antineoplastic treatment, mortality, and severe COVID‐19 rates were comparable to those of the general Israeli population. We did not detect patients that contracted COVID‐19 within the Hematology Division.

Conclusion

These findings are relevant for the future management of patients with hematological malignancies in COVID‐19‐affected regions.
Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy: Neuroimaging and neuropathological findings
Authors: van Rootselaar Anne‐Fleur , Cocozza Sirio , Aronica Eleonora , Striano Pasquale
Published: April 2023

Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) is characterized by cortical myoclonus and often epileptic seizures, but the pathophysiology of this condition remains uncertain. Here, we review the neuroimaging and neuropathological findings in FAME. Imaging findings, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, are in line with a cortical origin of involuntary tremulous movements (cortical myoclonic tremor) and indicate a complex pattern of cerebellar functional connectivity. Scarce neuropathological reports, mainly from a single family, provide evidence of morphological changes in the Purkinje cells. Cerebellar changes seem to be part of the syndrome, in at least some FAME pedigrees. Cortical hyperexcitability in FAME, resulting in the cardinal clinical symptoms, might be the result of decreased cortical inhibition via the cerebellothalamocortical loop. The pathological findings might share some similarities with other pentanucleotide repeat disorders. The relation with genetic findings in FAME needs to be elucidated.
A major 6 Mb superlocus is involved in pyrethroid resistance in the common bed bug Cimex lectularius
Authors: Haberkorn Chloé , David Jean‐Philippe , Henri Hélène , Delpuech Jean‐Marie , Lasseur Romain , Vavre Fabrice , Varaldi Julien
Published: April 2023

In the last few years, the bed bug Cimex lectularius has been an increasing problem worldwide, mainly due to the development of insecticide resistance to pyrethroids. The characterization of resistance alleles is a prerequisite to improve surveillance and resistance management. To identify genomic variants associated with pyrethroid resistance in Cimex lectularius, we compared the genetic composition of two recent and resistant populations with that of two ancient‐susceptible strains using a genome‐wide pool‐seq design. We identified a large 6 Mb “superlocus” showing particularly high genetic differentiation and association with the resistance phenotype. This superlocus contained several clustered resistance genes and was also characterized by a high density of structural variants (inversions, duplications). The possibility that this superlocus constitutes a resistance “supergene” that evolved after the clustering of alleles adapted to insecticide and after reduction in recombination is discussed.
Technological innovation and stock returns: Innovative skill versus innovative luck
Authors: Angelo Ben , Johnston Mitchell
Published: April 2023

Prior studies conclude that investors undervalue innovative ability. These studies do not fully capture the prominent role that industry and market trends play in contextualizing innovations. We disaggregate the value generated by innovative skill from the value generated by industry and market trends and find that innovative skill is positively associated with profitability. Further, our results are consistent with a risk explanation as innovative skill is negatively associated with returns, consistent with investors using patent value to identify innovative skill and adjusting the riskiness of the firm accordingly.
Mi casa de los Espíritus (My house of spirits): Challenging patriarchy with magical feminism
Authors: Clavijo Nathalie
Published: April 2023

This paper draws onmagical feminism, a writing that engages in a critic of patriarchy through inexplicable events that address gender inequality and the power of the oppressed. This magic has always been in me but always dormant in my academic writing. To let this magic out has required to let myself go into a form ofmagical embodimentin my methods: I engage in a spiritual excavation to let emerge three Latin American feminist myths and legends that are in me to recover from vicarious violence and come back to the world. This experience opens the gates to engage with a colonial past and to celebrate other systems of belief. This paper is an invitation for those who will join to mobilize our magical forces for the recognition of knowledge production in moments of magic as legitimate.
Risk factors, treatment and survival rates of late‐onset acquired haemophilia A: A cohort study from the Shizuoka Kokuho Database
Authors: Shoji‐Asahina Aya , Nakatani Eiji , Imaichi Yutaro , Ohata Emi , Oshima Michiko , Miyakoshi Akinori , Miyake Hiromu , Ichikawa Yoshikazu , Dote Hisashi , Ubukata Nanako , Funaki Daito , Urano Tetsumei
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare disease. The risk factors have yet to be studied.

Aim

We aimed to identify risk factors for late‐onset AHA in Japan.

Methods

A population‐based cohort study was conducted using data from the Shizuoka Kokuho Database. The study population was defined as individuals aged ≥60 years. Cause‐specific Cox regression analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios.

Results

Of 1,160,934 registrants, there were 34 patients with newly diagnosed AHA. The mean follow‐up period was 5.6 years, and the incidence of AHA was 5.21 per million person‐years. Myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, solid tumors, antimicrobial agents, phenytoin and anti‐dementia drugs, which showed significant differences in the univariate analysis, were excluded from the multivariable analysis because of the small number of cases. Multivariable regression analysis showed that the presence of Alzheimer's disease (hazard ratio [HR]:4.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.67‐10.97) and rheumatic disease (HR:4.65, 95% CI:1.79‐12.12) increased the risk of AHA development.

Conclusion

We found that comorbid Alzheimer's disease is a risk factor of AHA incidence in the general population. Our findings provide insight into the etiology of AHA, and the proof of the coexistence of Alzheimer's disease may support the recent notion that Alzheimer disease is an autoimmune disease.
Physicochemical and sensory properties of Sacha Inchi oil‐functionalised stirred yogurt
Authors: Villamil Ruby‐Alejandra , Cortés Lilia‐Yadira , Gutiérrez Luis‐Felipe
Published: April 2023

In this study, the effects of replacing the total milk fat by Sacha Inchi oil (SIO) at different concentrations (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5%w/w), on the physicochemical and sensory properties of stirred yogurts were investigated. Addition of SIO did not significant affect the yogurts fermentation processing, but significantly increased the pH‐value, acidity, water holding capacity and viscosity of obtained yogurts. In comparison with control samples (yogurts with ~3.3% milk fat), SIO‐functionalised yogurts displayed higher concentrations of α‐linolenic and linoleic acids (~50% and ~33% of the total fatty acids), and lower values of saturated fatty acids, omega‐6/omega‐3 ratios and atherogenic indices. Samples with 3.5% SIO showed a sensorial acceptance above of 60%, and a peroxide value of 2.14 after 21 days of storage at 4 °C. These results indicate that SIO could be used for producing yogurts with improved fatty acid profile and physicochemical and sensory properties acceptable to consumers.
Afternoon school shift is associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity in 11–14‐year‐old females with early and intermediate chronotype
Authors: Borisenkov Mikhail F. , Tserne Tatyana , Bakutova Larisa , Smirnov Vasily , Popov Sergey
Published: April 2023

Objective

The purpose of this study was to compare the anthropometric and sleep–wake rhythm characteristics of schoolchildren that attend school in morning and afternoon school shifts.

Methods

We recruited 18 481 individuals (females: 56.4%) aged 11 to 18 years old with an average age of 14.4 ± 1.7 years old. In total, 812 (4.2%) questionnaires were incomplete. The self‐reported height and weight were used to assess the sex‐ and age‐corrected body mass index of the participants. The Munich ChronoType Questionnaire was used to assess the chronotype, social jetlag, and sleep duration of the participants.

Results

In total, 12.6% of the participants were affected by overweight or obesity. The overweight and obesity incidence rate was higher among the students studying in the afternoon (odd ratio [95%CI]: 1.33 [1.16–1.52]). The afternoon school shift had a negative impact on the anthropometric indicators only in the 11–14‐year‐olds (1.29 [1.11–1.50]) and girls (1.26 [1.04–1.54]) with an early (1.27 [1.03–1.56]) and intermediate (1.30 [1.07–1.58]) chronotype.

Conclusion

The data obtained indicated that the afternoon school shift is not ideal, especially for female children and adolescents under 15 years old with an early and intermediate chronotype.
RETRACTED: Acute burns during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A one‐year retrospective study of 611 patients at a referral burn centre in northern Iran
Authors: Mobayen Mohammadreza , Torabi Hossein , Bagheri Toolaroud Parissa , Tolouei Mohammad , Dehnadi Moghadam Anoush , Saadatmand Mohammad , EslamiKenarsari Habib , Feizkhah Alireza , Ghazanfari Mohammad Javad , Osuji Joseph , Ghorbani Vajargah Pooyan , Karkhah Samad
Published: April 2023

Patients with acute burns are more vulnerable to COVID‐19 because of physiologically weak immune systems. This study aimed to assess and compare individual characteristics, clinical features, and clinical outcomes of acute burn among COVID‐19 and non‐COVID‐19 patients. A retrospective study, with data collected from 611 acute burn patients with or without a COVID‐19 diagnosis referred to a burn centre in Iran. Data were collected from April 2020 to 2021. The mean age of acute burns patients with COVID‐19 was higher compared with acute burns patients with non‐COVID‐19 (47.82 vs. 32.59 years, P < .001). Acute burns occurred more frequently in COVID‐19 patients with comorbidities compared with non‐COVID‐19 patients (48.72% vs. 26.92%, P = .003). 58.97% of COVID‐19 patients and 55.42% of non‐COVID‐19 patients had grade II & III and II burns, respectively (P < .001). The mean total body surface area of the burn was higher in COVID‐19 patients compared with non‐COVID‐19 patients (32.69% vs. 16.22%, P < .001). Hospitalisation in the intensive care unit (ICU) was higher in COVID‐19 patients than in non‐COVID‐19 patients (76.92% vs. 15.73%, P < .001). Length of stay in hospital and ICU, the cost of hospitalisation, and waiting time for the operating room was higher in COVID‐19 patients compared with non‐COVID‐19 patients (15.30 vs. 3.88 days, P < .001; 9.61 vs. 0.75 days, P < .001; 30 430 628.717 vs. 10 219 192.44 rials, P = .011; 0.84 vs. 0.24 min, P < .001, respectively). Intubation and mortality in‐hospital were higher in COVID‐19 patients compared with non‐COVID‐19 patients (41.02% vs. 6.99%, P < .001; 35.90% vs. 6.12%, P < .001, respectively). Therefore, it is recommended that health managers and policymakers develop a care plan to provide high‐quality care to acute burns patients with COVID‐19, especially in low‐income countries.
Selective detection of urease‐producing bacteria on the genital skin surface in patients with incontinence‐associated dermatitis
Authors: Kohta Masushi , Koyanagi Hiroe , Inagaki Yoshinobu , Nishikawa Keiji , Kobayashi Nanako , Tamura Shigeru , Ishikawa Miyuki , Banno Yumi , Takekoshi Kanako , Mano Keiko , Sugama Junko
Published: April 2023

We aimed to investigate the association between the presence of cutaneous urease‐producing bacteria and the development of incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD) using an original urea agar medium as a step toward developing advanced preventive measures. In previous clinical assessments, we developed an original urea agar medium to detect urease‐producing bacteria via the medium's colour changes. In a cross‐sectional study, specimens were collected via the swabbing technique at genital skin sites in 52 stroke patients hospitalised in a university hospital. The primary objective was to compare the presence of urease‐producing bacteria between the IAD and no‐IAD groups. Determining the bacterial count was the secondary objective. The prevalence of IAD was 48%. A significantly higher detection rate of urease‐producing bacteria was observed in the IAD group than in the no‐IAD group (P = .002) despite the total number of bacteria being equivalent between them. In conclusion, we discovered that there was a significant association between the presence of urease‐producing bacteria and IAD development in hospitalised stroke patients.
Forced surgical extrusion using an axial tooth extraction system as a practicable technique for preserving severely destroyed teeth? ‐ Clinical outcomes up to 4.8 years
Authors: Graf Tobias , Stimmelmayr Michael , Gutmann Pauline , Güth Jan‐Frederik , Krennmair Gerald , Edelhoff Daniel , Schubert Oliver
Published: April 2023

Objective

Several extrusion techniques have been described to restore teeth with insufficient coronal tooth structure and to avoid their extraction. Still, there is little evidence for a treatment concept combining surgical extrusion using an atraumatic axial extraction system.

Materials and Methods

A total of nine patients, each with an iso‐ or subgingival fractured tooth, were retrospectively examined. Treatment of the damaged tooth comprised an atraumatic forced surgical extrusion performed with an axial tooth extraction system and a more coronal positioning within the socket. The teeth were initially splinted and subsequently restored. The follow‐up period was up to 57.1 months and averaged 36.5 (SD: ±13.5) months.

Results

All nine teeth were still in situ, without signs of inflammation. During the period of the provisional restoration, six prosthetic complications occurred, which were resolved with little effort, whereas, success rate for the definitive restoration was 100%. No biological complications were observed concerning the root apex or soft tissue. The radiographically measured mean extrusion distance was 3.4 (SD: ±1.0) mm, so that a sufficient prosthetic ferrule could be reestablished.

Conclusions

Surgical extrusions using an axial tooth extraction system demonstrate low biological and prosthetic complications rates over observation time.

Clinical Significance

The presented extrusion approach preserves soft and hard tissue and is an efficient treatment option for severely destroyed teeth. Saving hopeless teeth by this relatively predictable and feasible procedure has hardly any disadvantages for patients, and in case of failure, an implant or fixed partial denture are still an option.
Insights from catch composition and historical records of elasmobranchs in the Malvan fishery on the central west coast of India
Authors: Kottillil Shruthi , Gupta Trisha , Manoharakrishnan Muralidharan , Rao Chetan , Shanker Kartik
Published: April 2023

Although elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) are highly threatened by fisheries, there are few studies that examine gear and fishery effects on catch composition and abundance across India, one of the top elasmobranch fishing nations globally. We assessed elasmobranch diversity, abundance, catch rates and fishery characteristics using landing surveys in Malvan on the central‐western coast of India, a major multi‐gear, multi‐species fishing centre, over three sampling periods from February 2018 to March 2020. We sampled 3145 fishing trips and recorded 27 elasmobranch species, of which nearly half are categorised as “Threatened” by the IUCN. In addition, we documented historical records by compiling information from identification guides, research papers, articles and reports. During the study period, the catch was dominated by small‐sized coastal species like the spadenose shark (Scoliodon laticaudus) and the scaly whipray (Brevitrygon walga). Trawlers accounted for 64.9% of the catch, highest by number, and captured smaller‐sized individuals. Nonetheless, artisanal and gillnet fisheries had higher catch per unit effort (CPUE) for rays (5.1 ± 1.0) and sharks (10 ± 1.0), respectively, and captured significantly larger‐sized individuals. Through generalised linear models, we found seasonal, gear and fishery effects on the abundance and size of commonly caught species. The presence of neonates and gravid females of multiple species also suggests nursery grounds in this region. Historically, 141 species have been recorded in this region, and a comparison with current catch suggests a shift in elasmobranch community structure and potential mesopredator release. This study emphasises the importance of gear and species‐specific research for conservation planning at the local level and suggests the need for management strategies with fisher cooperation.
NIGT1 represses plant growth and mitigates phosphate starvation signaling to balance the growth response tradeoff in rice
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Zhang Qianqian , Guo Meina , Wang Xueqing , Li Tianjie , Wu Qingyu , Li Lihui , Yi Keke , Ruan Wenyuan
Published: April 2023

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability is an important factor which affects the growth and yield of crops, thus an appropriate and effective response to Pi fluctuation is critical. However, how crops orchestrate Pi signaling and growth under Pi starvation conditions to optimize the growth defense tradeoff remains unclear. Here we show that a Pi starvation‐induced transcription factor NIGT1 (NITRATE‐INDUCIBLE GARP‐TYPE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR 1) controls plant growth and prevents a hyper‐response to Pi starvation by directly repressing the expression of growth‐related and Pi‐signaling genes to achieve a balance between growth and response under a varying Pi environment. NIGT1 directly binds to the promoters of Pi starvation signaling marker genes, like IPS1, miR827, and SPX2, under Pi‐deficient conditions to mitigate the Pi‐starvation responsive (PSR). It also directly represses the expression of vacuolar Pi efflux transporter genes VPE1/2 to regulate plant Pi homeostasis. We further demonstrate that NIGT1 constrains shoot growth by repressing the expression of growth‐related regulatory genes, including brassinolide signal transduction master regulator BZR1, cell division regulator CYCB1;1, and DNA replication regulator PSF3. Our findings reveal the function of NIGT1 in orchestrating plant growth and Pi starvation signaling, and also provide evidence that NIGT1 acts as a safeguard to avoid hyper‐response during Pi starvation stress in rice.
Golgi‐localized MORN1 promotes lipid droplet abundance and enhances tolerance to multiple stresses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Zhan , Gao Yue , Yan Jiapei , Wang Shuai , Wang Shu , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Shaokui , Hua Jian
Published: April 2023

Lipid droplet (LD) in vegetative tissues has recently been implicated in environmental responses in plants, but its regulation and its function in stress tolerance are not well understood. Here, we identified a Membrane Occupation and Recognition Nexus 1 (MORN1) gene as a contributor to natural variations of stress tolerance through genome‐wide association study in Arabidopsis thaliana. Characterization of its loss‐of‐function mutant and natural variants revealed that the MORN1 gene is a positive regulator of plant growth, disease resistance, cold tolerance, and heat tolerance. The MORN1 protein is associated with the Golgi and is also partly associated with LD. Protein truncations that disrupt these associations abolished the biological function of the MORN1 protein. Furthermore, the MORN1 gene is a positive regulator of LD abundance, and its role in LD number regulation and stress tolerance is highly linked. Therefore, this study identifies MORN1 as a positive regulator of LD abundance and a contributor to natural variations of stress tolerance. It implicates a potential involvement of Golgi in LD biogenesis and strongly suggests a contribution of LD to diverse processes of plant growth and stress responses.
Ferroptosis and central nervous system demyelinating diseases
Authors: Qin Danqing , Li Dong , Wang Chunjuan , Guo Shougang
Published: April 2023

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death caused by intracellular iron excess and glutathione (GSH) system imbalance, resulting in fatal lipid peroxidation. It is different from necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, and other forms of cell death. Accumulating evidences suggest that brain iron overload is involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The study of ferroptosis may provide a new understanding of demyelinating diseases and provide a novel therapeutic target for clinical treatment. Herein, we reviewed recent discoveries on mechanisms of ferroptosis, the effects of metabolic pathways on ferroptosis, and its involvement in CNS demyelinating diseases.

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The effect of severe imagery in advertising on charitable behavior and the moderating role of social closeness
Authors: Sung Billy , Septianto Felix , Stankovic Michelle
Published: April 2023

The present paper systematically investigated the effectiveness of utilizing severe or disgusting, imagery, and the moderating effect of social closeness within non‐profit health charity advertising appeals. Across three experiments, we found an interaction effect, whereby donations increased when severe images were shown, but only when high social closeness was also highlighted. Conversely, severe imagery reduced donations in the low social closeness condition, when participants were not prompted to think of their family. Despite the popularity of using severe imagery within charity advertising, our findings suggest that severe images should be used with caution in health charity marketing. Investigating the underlying mechanisms, we found that empathy (disgust) underlies the increase (decrease) of donation when severe imagery was used in a high (low) social closeness condition. Furthermore, we ruled out anger and perceived responsibility as competing moderators for these effects to verify whether other positive and negative emotions had similar effects.
Liminal (trans)formative spaces: A temporary escape from intersectionality
Authors: Davis Teresa , Paramanathan Gary
Published: April 2023

This paper is an examination of identity narratives of a small group of trans‐national transpeople in Australia. We reveal the complex identity journey undertaken by this group. Transpeople of Sub‐continental origin consume a temporarily transformational journey negotiating, resisting and subverting the dominant discourses that construct heterosexuality, gayness, whiteness and femininity. They carve out temporary liminal spaces of resistance within which to perform as “weekend women.” We identify transforming, transitioning, transcending across gender and ethnic boundaries, and see being enabled by specific transnational consumption imaginaries in liminal spaces meshed by intersectional of race/ethnicity and gender. We follow intertwined discourses that forms a “matrix of domination” and the way liminal thirdspaces create temporarily decolonized spaces that enable them to escape this matrix and perform a (trans)formative, movement back and forth between their weekday/weekend differently gendered/cultured selves. Ultimately, these decolonized thirdspaces bring only temporary release with inevitable return to their weekday male identity.