bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping thalamocortical functional connectivity with large-scale brain networks in patients with first-episode psychosis
Authors: Kwak Yoo Bin , Cho Kang Ik Kevin , Hwang Wu Jeong , Kim Ahra , Park Hyungyou , Lee Junhee , Lee Tae Yong , Kim Minah , Kwon Jun Soo
Published: April 2021

Abnormal thalamocortical networks involving specific thalamic nuclei have been implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. While comparable topography of anatomical and functional connectivity abnormalities has been reported in patients across illness stages, previous functional studies have been confined to anatomical pathways of thalamocortical networks. To address this issue, we incorporated large-scale brain network dynamics into examining thalamocortical functional connectivity. Forty patients with first-episode psychosis and forty healthy controls underwent T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Independent component analysis of voxelwise thalamic functional connectivity maps parcellated the cortex into thalamus-related networks, and thalamic subdivisions associated with these networks were delineated. Functional connectivity of (i) networks with the thalamus and (ii) thalamic subdivision seeds were examined. In patients, functional connectivity of the salience network with the thalamus was decreased and localized to the ventrolateral (VL) and ventroposterior (VP) thalamus, while that of a network comprising the cerebellum, temporal and parietal regions was increased and localized to the MD thalamus. In patients, thalamic subdivision encompassing the VL and VP thalamus demonstrated hypoconnectivity and that encompassing the MD and pulvinar regions demonstrated hyperconnectivity. Our results extend the implications of disrupted thalamocortical networks involving specific thalamic nuclei to dysfunctional large-scale brain network dynamics in schizophrenia pathophysiology.
Immunoinformatics analysis and antibody epitope comparison of Newcastle disease virus classical vaccines with a virus involved in the fifth NDV panzootic
Authors: Tabatabaeizadeh Seyed-Elias
Published: April 2021

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has negatively affected the poultry industry worldwide. Given that the antigenic similarity of a vaccine strain to a field virus is effective in protection, an immunoinformatics study was performed to examine the similarity between antibody epitopes of classical vaccines and a sub-genotype VII.2 NDV (VII.2 NDV). Considering the role of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins in the induction of neutralizing antibodies, the 3D structure of HN and F proteins of the VII.2 NDV and nine vaccine strains were predicted, refined, and validated. Using these structures, linear and conformational antibody epitopes were mapped. Epitope analysis showed distinct results from the evolutionary distance and protein identity analysis and it was found that the range of difference in the number of identical epitopes in relation to F is wider than HN protein. LaSota and B1 vaccine strains showed the least epitope identity to the VII.2 NDV. The V4 and I-2 vaccine strains showed the highest epitope identity with the VII.2 NDV especially in F protein which is important in virus cell-to-cell transmission. In conclusion, excellence of the LaSota vaccine under field condition shows that protection is not just about epitope similarities and especially in the case of live vaccines, the vaccine-induced damage, replicative capacity and tropism of the vaccine strain are important. The prediction of this study may be useful for inactivated vaccines in which the amount of antigen is all that matters.
Modeling and Performance Enhancement of Hybrid Fiber Network-PON/DPPM-DWDM-FSO Communications under Atmospheric Turbulence Conditions
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E.
Published: April 2021

A Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) access network using high-speed free-space optical (FSO) communication based on the passive optical networks (PONs) for the distribution link is proposed. In such network architecture, the FSO link can extend the system to areas where an optical fiber link is not feasible, and or provide limited mobility for indoor coverage. The performance of Hybrid Fiber/FSO (HFFSO) network based on digital pulse position modulation (DPPM), for both the indoor and outdoor environments of the optical access network, are compared with the performance of such a network that is based on conventional On-Off Keying Non-Return-to-Zero (OOK-NRZ) modulation using results obtained through computational and analytical modeling. The WDM channels suffer from inter-channel crosstalk, while the HFFSO communication performance in a clear atmosphere is limited by atmospherically induced scintillation. The impairments, plus the amplified spontaneous emission noise from optical amplification, combining in a potentially problematic way, particularly in the upstream direction, which is investigated here. The results obtained indicate that in a clear atmosphere with a sufficiently high signal to crosstalk ratio the proposed system can achieve a human-safe and high-capacity access network. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) has dramatically increased the capacity of optical transmission systems. Its inherent advantages have made it the current favorite multiplexing technology for an optical network, also used on fiber optic backbones and long-distance transmission. The crosstalk due to inter-band crosstalk for Ultra-Dense WDM systems causes higher noise and degrades the network performance and analyzed the performance of DWDM-PON link that is corrupted crosstalk for Optical Cross-Connect (OXC). Then the analysis of BER with crosstalk was done. Using the equation for crosstalk number of channels was plotted using Matlab. An analysis is carried out to find the amount of crosstalk considering a WDM-FSO over OOK-NRZ and DPPM based OXC. The bit error rate performance degradation due to crosstalk is evaluated for the OXC parameter and number of wavelength per fiber.
Performance evaluation and analysis of four waves mixing in DWDM optical communications
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E.
Published: April 2021

Optical nonlinearities give rise to many ubiquitous effects in optical fibres ’. These effects are interesting in themselves and can be detrimental in optical communication. In the Dense Wave length division multiplexing system (DWDM) the nonlinear effects plays important role .DWDM system offers component reliability, system availability and system margin. DWDM system carries different channels. Hence power level carried by fiber increases which generates nonlinear effect such as SPM, XPM, SRS, SBS and FWM. Four wave mixing (FWM) is one of the most troubling issues. The FWM gives crosstalk in DWDM system whose channel spacing is narrow. Wavelength exchanging enables data swapping between two different wavelengths simultaneously. These phenomena have been used in many applications in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks such as, wavelength conversion, wavelength sampling, optical 3R, optical interconnects and optical add-drop multiplexing.
Leaf-tissue Nutrient Dynamics in Mature Muscadine Cultivars Carlos and Noble in Georgia and North Carolina
Authors: Rana Tekan S. , Smith Erick D. , Hickey Cain , Hoffmann Mark
Published: April 2021

More than 3000 acres of commercial muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia) vineyards exist in the southeastern United States. The muscadine wine industry is generating an economic impact of $1 billion in North Carolina alone. Muscadines have been cultivated since the 1800s, but muscadine vineyard fertilizer programs, tissue sampling, and nutrient sufficiency ranges continue to be based on anecdotal knowledge. While seasonal changes in tissue nutrient concentration are well documented in bunch grape (Vitis vinifera), questions remain about the seasonal and cultivar-dependent dynamics of muscadine leaf tissue nutrient concentrations. The aim of this study was to assess temporal and cultivar-related differences in tissue nutrient concentration of mature commercially grown muscadines. Leaf tissue nutrient concentration of the muscadine cultivars Carlos and Noble were assessed in three vineyards (Piedmont North Carolina, north Georgia, and south Georgia) at bloom, véraison, and postharvest in 2018 and 2019. Our results show that nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and manganese (Mn) were generally above the recommended sufficiency ranges, with calcium increasing over the season—and N, P, and potassium decreasing over the season. ‘Carlos’ had significantly higher levels of N and P, compared with ‘Noble’, while ‘Noble’ showed higher Mn concentration than ‘Carlos’. With this evaluation, we demonstrate the need for a modification in muscadine tissue nutrient sufficiency ranges that are based on cultivar and vine growth stage.
The electrocatalytic response of metallophthalocyanines when clicked to electrodes and to nanomaterials
Authors:   , Mpeta Lekhetho Simon
Published: April 2021

Conjugates of nanomaterials and metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) have been prepared and their electrocatalytic activity studied. The prepared nanomaterials are zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles, reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and semiconductor quantum dots. The MPcs used in this work are cobalt (II) (1a), manganese(III) (1b) and iron (II) (1c) 2,9(10),16(17),23(24)- tetrakis 4-((4-ethynylbenzyl) oxy) phthalocyaninato, 2,9(10),16(17),23(24)- tetrakis(5-pentyn-oxy) cobalt (II) phthalocyaninato (2), 9(10),16(17),23(24)- tris-[4-tert-butylphenoxy)-2- (4-ethylbezyl-oxy) cobalt (II) phthalocyaninato (3), 9(10),16(17),23(24)- tris-[4-tertbutylphenoxy)-2-(pent-4yn-yloxy)] cobalt (II) phthalocyaninato (4), cobalt (II) (5a) and manganese (III) (5b) 2,9(10),16(17),23(24)- tetrakis [4-(4-(5-chloro-1H-benzo [d]imidazol-2-yl)phenoxy] phthalocyaninato and 9(10),16(17),23(24)- tris tert butyl phenoxy- 2- [4-(4-(5-chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)phenoxy] cobalt (II) phthalocyaninato (6). Some of these MPcs (1a, 3 and 4) were directly clicked on azide grafted electrode, while some (1b, 1c, 2, 5a and 5b) were clicked to azide functionalised nanomaterials and then drop-dried on the electrodes. One phthalocyanine (5b) was drop-dried on the electrode then silver nanoparticles were electrodeposited on it taking advantage of metal-N bond. Scanning electrochemical microscopy, voltammetry, chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are among electrochemical methods used to characterise modified electrodes. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Xray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy were employed to study surface functionalities, morphology and topography of the nanomaterials and complexes. Electrocatalytic activity of the developed materials were studied towards oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol, hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide while the reduction study was based on oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. In general, the conjugates displayed superior catalytic activity when compared to individual materials. Complex 2 alone and when conjugated to zinc oxide nanoparticles were studied for their nonlinear optical behaviour. And the same materials were explored for their hydrazine detection capability. The aim of this study was to develop sensitive, selective and affordable sensors for selected organic waste pollutants. Conjugates were found to achieve the aim of the study compared to when individual materials were employed.
Partial atrioventricular septal defect or enlarged coronary sinus
(about the importance of correct crux’ of the heart valuation)?
Authors: I.V. Komarova , A.V. Plusnin
Published: April 2021

The case of successful prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of partial atrioventricular septal defect is presented.
The retrospective analysis of 4 cases of fetal defect' overdiagnosis, associated with left superior vena cava and
enlarged coronary sinus, is conducted. Aspects of optimisation of the ultrasound visualization of crux of the fetal
heart are discussed in order to reduction the probability of misdiagnosing.
Aspects of prenatal ultrasound diagnostics of fetal commissural pathology.
Part I: normal development (the corpus callosum and other major
telencephalic commissures)
Authors: S.A. Puyda,  M.M. Petrova
Published: April 2021

The corpus callosum pathology is associated with over 350 different congenital syndromes. In this article
development of the main forebrain commissures in fetus ranging from 11 to 16 weeks of gestation at prenatal
ultrasound are presented. This is the first sonographic study to describe the prenatal sonographic appearance of
the main forebrain commissures in fetus and we speculate that cases with pathology of the corpus callosum and
normal outcome might be result of the presence a residual interhemispheric connection.
Fetal giant pseudocyst of meconium peritonitis: clinical observation
Authors: A.E. Volkov , G.V. Novoshinov
Published: April 2021

A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of a giant pseudocyst in meconium peritonitis with successful
surgical treatment is presented.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Mobile Phone App Intervention for Coping With Cancer as a Young Adult: Pilot Trial and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Poort Hanneke , Ryan Annelise , MacDougall Katelyn , Malinowski Paige , MacDonald Anna , Markin Zach , Pirl William , Greer Joseph , Fasciano Karen
Published: April 2021

Background

Many young adult patients do not receive adequate psychosocial services to help them cope with cancer.

Objective

This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a smartphone app (iaya) intervention that was designed to create an engaged community of young adult patients and help them learn emotional coping skills.

Methods

For this single-group pilot trial, 25 young adult patients aged 18-39 years who were receiving active cancer treatment were asked to use the iaya app for 12 weeks. To collect app use data, we used Mixpanel, an analytics platform for apps. Feasibility was assessed through rates of app sessions and the number of coping exercises engaged, and intervention acceptability was evaluated by using an app usability questionnaire and through qualitative interviews at study completion. We collected patient-reported outcome data at baseline and at week 12 to explore self-efficacy for coping with cancer, self-efficacy for managing emotions, perceived emotional support, and quality of life.

Results

Baseline patient-reported outcome data indicated that participants scored relatively low on perceived emotional support but reasonably high on self-efficacy for coping with cancer and managing emotions as well as quality of life. Participants had a mean of 13 app sessions (SD 14) and 2 coping exercises (SD 3.83) in 12 weeks. Only 9% (2/23) of participants met our combined feasibility definition of ≥10 app sessions and ≥3 coping skills from different categories. The participants’ mean usability score was 73.7% (SD 10.84), which exceeded our predefined threshold of ≥70%, and qualitative feedback was generally positive.

Conclusions

Although perceived acceptable by patients, the iaya smartphone app did not meet the a priori feasibility criteria as a stand-alone app intervention. Future studies should screen participants for unmet coping needs and consider integrating the app as part of psychosocial care for young adult patients.
Extended Intergroup Contact and Outgroup Attitude of Students in Public and Religious Homogeneous Schools: Understanding the Mediating Role of Ingroup Norms, Outgroup Norms, and Intergroup Anxiety
Authors: Yustisia Whinda , Hudijana Joevarian
Published: April 2021

Previous studies had shown the benefits of extended intergroup contact for outgroup attitude, mainly when direct intergroup contact is blocked. However, there have not studies that attempt to directly compare the role of extended contact in outgroup attitude across different contexts. The present study aimed to fill the gap by examining the relationship of extended intergroup contact and outgroup attitude in three different contexts: public schools, moderate Islamic Boarding School, and fundamentalist Islamic Boarding School. These schools differ in the level of group heterogeneity. Possible mechanisms that could explain the relationship were also examined: ingroup norms, outgroup norms, and intergroup anxiety. Two correlational studies were conducted to test the hypotheses—study 1 employed 126 Muslim public high school students employed as participants, study 2 employed 112 participants from a more fundamentalist Islamic Boarding School and 230 participants from a more moderate Islamic Boarding Schools. Across studies, we found evidence that extended intergroup contact indirectly predicted outgroup attitude. However, different social contexts involve different mechanisms. This difference is attributed to direct intergroup contact.
Applying Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to Help Survivors of Dating Violence: A Pilot Study
Authors: Perangin-Angin Stefanus , Wijono Sutarto , Hunga Arianti Ina Restiani
Published: April 2021

Research from National Commission on Elimination of Violence against Women found that dating violence was ranked second after domestic violence in terms of number of cases reported in 2018 in Indonesia. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was one of the consequences that dating violence survivors experienced. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) had been proven effective to treat PTSD in intimate partner violence survivors. However, there was no prior research publication investigating the effectiveness of CBT for dating violence survivors in Indonesia. This research aimed to apply CBT to help treating PTSD symptoms in women with dating violence experiences. CBT was delivered individually for six sessions to four participants. This research used mixed-method design with quantitative and qualitative data collection and data analysis components. PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was used to measure PTSD symptoms at pre- and post-treatment. The results showed that all participants had reduction in PTSD symptoms at post-treatment. However, two participants still met the criteria for PTSD because their post-treatment scores were still above remission cut-off scores. Future research can focus on helping survivors to gain resiliency, psychological well-being, self-esteem and regaining meaning of life back after having dating violence experiences.
Editorial
Authors: Rubikon Jurnal
Published: April 2021

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NETFLIX: CULTURAL DIVERSITY OR CULTURAL IMPERIALISM?
Authors: Salsabila Khansa
Published: April 2021

The global rise of Netflix as subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) has emerged along with its capitalization of film, television, and technology industry for the audience's convenience. It replaces the interest of local television with its claim of 'a global TV network' with cultural diversity in its contents. However, the term cultural diversity itself should be questioned whether it means to leave the American cultural power or it is only to claim themselves as a global company where global identity is represented in their identity to attract a wider audience. By using transnational approach, this study finds the use of cultural diversity merely to fulfill the demand of the American audience, with several globalization consequences in Netflix Original series, especially in non-American series. Those consequences are the homogenization in European-made Netflix series, where they appear to be fully Americanized with American lifestyle or American perspective, and heterogenization in Asian-made Netflix series with its collaboration of Asian culture and American popular culture. The claim of a 'global TV network' itself does not leave the American cultural power. Instead, they are taking advantage of the cultural power to retain the existing audiences and to fascinate more audiences. Therefore, the dependency of non-American producers in relying on Netflix platform as a way to reach global audience, even the use of Americanization to their works for global audience's satisfaction, confirms the cultural power of America in its ability to bring economic advancement to other countries.
DISNEY PRINCESS SEQUELS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SECOND WAVE FEMINISM IN AMERICA
Authors: Iswalono Astrinda N. , Arum Listiyanti Jaya
Published: April 2021

Disney Animation Production, one of the media manifesting American sociology phenomena, discovered a breakthrough by depicting Princess movies. Starting with the appearance of Snow White (1937), followed by Cinderella (1950) and other sequels of Princess movies, Disney reflected one important progress of American history. The development of the sequels was estimated to be under the appeal of the Second Wave Feminism movement. Hypothesizing the change was within American society, a gender study by Nancy Hewitt would direct the observation of the study. The First Period Princesses (1937-1959) reflected the idea of the American Golden Age, also where the recognition of the role of women in wider society began. Meanwhile, the Second Period (1989-2009) claimed the social acceptance of public access by glorifying unique characters from women. The Princesses in the Third Period (2009-2014) were able to attest their own power in order to broaden the horizon of gender equality and equity.
Cross-tier Web Programming for Curated Databases: a Case Study
Authors: Fowler Simon , Harding Simon , Sharman Joanna , Cheney James
Published: April 2021

Curated databases have become important sources of information across several scientific disciplines, and as the result of manual work of experts, often become important reference works. Features such as provenance tracking, archiving, and data citation are widely regarded as important features for the curated databases, but implementing such features is challenging, and small database projects often lack the resources to do so.

A scientific database application is not just the relational database itself, but also an ecosystem of web applications to display the data, and applications which allow data curation. Supporting advanced curation features requires changing all of these components, and there is currently no way to provide such capabilities in a reusable way.

Cross-tier programming languages allow developers to write a web application in a single, uniform language. Consequently, database queries and updates can be written in the same language as the rest of the program, and it should be possible to provide curation features via program transformations. As a step towards this goal, it is important to establish that realistic curated databases can be implemented in a cross-tier programming language.

In this article, we describe such a case study: reimplementing the web frontend of a realworld scientific database, the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY (GtoPdb), in the Links cross-tier programming language. We show how programming language features such as language-integrated query simplify the development process, and rule out common errors. Through an automated functional correctness evaluation, we show that the Links implementation correctly implements the functionality of the official version. Through a comparative performance evaluation, we show that the Links implementation performs fewer database queries, while the time neededto handle the queries is comparable to the official Java version. Furthermore, while there is some overhead to using Links because of its comparative immaturity compared to Java, the Links version is usable as a proof-of-concept case study of cross-tier programming for curated databases.
Pendidikan Akidah Pada Santri Kuttab Al-Firdaus Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Musyfira Musyfira
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The responsibility of religious education is the most important responsibility for parents and educators, because it is the center of all resources. However, in practice there are still many educators who do not pay attention to the religious education of their students, they prioritize education that is only worldly. The research method used is qualitative research. Data collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is thematic analysis. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of Islamic education in Kuttab students is going well. Opportunities for the application of Islamic education to Kuttab students starting from the education system, curriculum, and teachers are extraordinary in maximizing education for children. However, it also has challenges that greatly affect children's education, namely gadgets, games and shows that are not beneficial to children, so it greatly influences the education of their faith. The advantages of the implementation of Islamic education in Kuttab, namely that children have begun to form creeds according to their age. While the drawbacks are that the application and understanding of Islamic education in Kuttab are not comprehensive and agree on all teachers and the environment that does not support the concepts that have been implanted in Kuttab.

Abstrak

Tanggung jawab pendidikan akidah merupakan tanggung jawab terpenting bagi para orang tua dan pendidik, karena ia merupakan pusat segala sumber. Namun dalam prakteknya masih banyak pendidik yang kurang memperhatikan pendidikan akidah peserta didiknya, mereka lebih mengutamakan pendidikan yang hanya bersifat duniawi saja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah thematic analysis. Hasil penelitian dalam kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan akidah pada santri Kuttab berjalan dengan baik. Peluang penerapan pendidikan akidah pada santri Kuttab mulai dari sistem pendidikan, kurikulum, dan guru-gurunya sangatlah luar biasa dalam memaksimalkan pendidikan pada anak-anak. Namun, juga memiliki tantangannya yang sangat mempengaruhi pendidikan anak yaitu gadget, game dan tontonan-tontonan yang tidak bermanfaat bagi anak sehingga sangat mempengaruhi pendidikan imannya. Adapun kelebihan implementasi pendidikan akidah di Kuttab yaitu anak-anak sudah mulai terbentuk akidah sesuai dengan usianya. Sedangkan kekurangannya yaitu penerapan serta pemahaman pendidikan akidah di Kuttab belum menyeluruh dan sependapat pada semua guru serta lingkungan yang tidak mendukung dengan  konsep-konsep yang telah ditanamkan di Kuttab.
Rock e insurgências nos anos 1960
Authors: Fridman Luis Carlos
Published: April 2021

O artigo aborda a explosão do rock no contexto mais amplo das convulsões políticas e das mudanças culturais dos anos 1960. A enorme popularidade do rock incluiu, no mundo inteiro, vastos contingentes com aspirações diversificadas e arrebatou corações e mentes daqueles que o sentiam como a trilha sonora da mudança, assim como os que não haviam sido tocados conscientemente por novos rumos para a sociedade. O texto estabelece conexões entre as esferas da música popular e os ímpetos transformadores das ruas através do conceito de “afinidades eletivas”, encontrado na obra de Max Weber, que esclarece os elementos convergentes e análogos observados em cada um desses domínios apesar de serem aparentemente fenômenos dissociados.
Sexual dimorphism in prostacyclin-mimetic responses of rat mesenteric and coronary arteries.
Authors: Baldwin Samuel , Forrester Elizabeth , McEwan Lauren , Greenwood Iain
Published: April 2021

Background and purpose- Prostacyclin mimetics are widely used
clinically. As such it is pertinent to understand the mechanisms
underlying the vasoactive response to such agents, yet to date, no study
has considered sex as a factor. The aim of this study was to
characterise the effect of prostacyclin mimetics, Iloprost and MRE-269,
on precontracted arterial tone from male and female Wistar arteries. As
a secondary consideration, we investigated Kcnq-encoded KV7 channels as
potential downstream targets of prostacyclin-IP-receptor mediated
signalling. Experimental approach- Relative mRNA transcript and protein
abundance were determined by RT-qPCR and immunocytochemistry
respectively. The effect of Iloprost and MRE-269 was determined on
pre-contracted arterial tone in the presence of pharmacological
modulators of potassium channels and molecular interreference of KV7.1
within 2nd order mesenteric and left anterior descending arteries from
male and female Wistar rats. Key results- Iloprost evoked a bi-phasic
response in male mesenteric arteries, at low concentrations relaxing,
then contracting the vessel at high concentration in a process
attributed to IP and EP3 receptors respectively. Secondary contraction
was absent in the females, potentially underpinned by a reduction in
Ptger3. Pharmacological inhibition and molecular interference of KV7.1
significantly attenuated MRE-269 mediated relaxation in male and female
Wistar in Diestrus / Metoestrous, but not Pro-oestrus / Oestrus.
Conclusions and implications- Stark sexual dimorphisms in Iloprost
mediated vasoactive responses are present within mesenteric arteries.
KV7.1 is implicated in IP-receptor mediated vasorelaxation and is
impaired by the Oestrus cycle.
Average sampling in mixed shift-invariant subspaces with generators in hybrid-norm spaces
Authors: Li Haizhen , Tang Yan
Published: April 2021

This paper mainly studies the average sampling and reconstruction in
shift-invariant subspaces of mixed Lebesgue spaces
$L^{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^{d+1})$, under the
condition that the generator $\varphi$ of the
shift-invariant subspace belongs to a hybrid-norm space of mixed form,
which is weaker than the usual assumption of Wiener amalgam space and
allows to control the orders $p,q$. First, the sampling stability for
two kinds of average sampling functionals are established. Then, we give
the corresponding iterative approximation projection algorithms with
exponential convergence for recovering the time-varying shift-invariant
signals from the average samples.
Assessment of the citizens’ perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccination process which are ranked last in the vaccination groups: Qualitative reports from Turkey
Authors: Aydın Abdülkadir , Akgüneş Hamza Ali , Etçioğlu Erkut , Aydın Muhammet Raşit
Published: April 2021

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the perspectives of the
citizens ranking last in COVID-19 vaccination groups towards the
vaccination process. Materials and Methods: In-depth interviews were
made with the participants using video conferencing method. Twenty-eight
video conferencing interviews were conducted with citizens who ranked
last in the vaccination groups. With the permission of the participants,
audio recording was obtained in all interviews, transcribed verbatim and
checked. Thematic approach was used to analyze the data. Data were
collected until saturated. Results: Findings were summarized into three
main categories. The first was “Satisfaction.” Participants expressed
their satisfaction about process management, home vaccinations and
continuous information. The second theme was “Dissatisfaction.” Some
participants expressed their dissatisfaction with the prioritization of
elderly people in vaccination and late vaccination of actively working
individuals. The third theme was “Reservations.” Participants stated
that they have reservations regarding possible complacency in the
society after vaccination and delay in vaccination of non-prioritized
groups. In general, participants stated that they were satisfied with
the supply of vaccines and applications. However, active working
individuals think that they should have priority over the elderly in
vaccination. Conclusion: To ensure full compliance with the vaccine
administration, it is necessary to enlighten all individuals, especially
those ranking last in the vaccination groups, about the prioritization
process and which variables are given importance.
The model of trees for the restoration of historical manor parks in Estonia
Authors: Nutt Nele , Kubjas Ardo
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to work out the methodological basis for the restoration of historical manor parks according to the requirements of the Florence Charter. This is why the park is not studied as an object of biodiversity but as a built monument and an architectural piece, whose composition is mainly created by woody plants particularly trees. The purpose of the current research was to clarify the proportion of examples of distinct tree species in manor parks today and to determine the main tree and shrub species originally used in manor parks. Working out the model for the composition of stands of trees in a historic park. The model for the composition of stands of trees in a historic park was developed. The article summarizes the results of a survey what is a part larger study that explores and understand the key characteristics of Estonian Manor Ensembles and parks.
Incremental Dental Expenditures Associated With Diabetes Among Noninstitutionalized U.S. Adults Aged ≥18 Years Old in 2016–2017
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhang Ping , Luman Elizabeth T. , Griffin Susan O. , Rolka Deborah B.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes is associated with poor oral
health, but incremental expenditures for dental care associated with diabetes in
the U.S. are unknown. We aimed to quantify these incremental expenditures per
person and for the nation.

RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODS

We analyzed data from 46,633
non-institutionalized adults aged ≥18 years old who participated in the 2016–2017
Medical Expenditures Panel Survey. We used two-part models to estimate dental expenditures
per person in total, by payment source, and by dental service type, controlling
for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and geographic variables. Incremental
expenditure was the difference in predicted expenditure for dental care between
adults with and without diabetes. The total expenditure for the US was the expenditure
per person multiplied by the estimated number of people with diabetes. Expenditures
were adjusted to 2017 US dollars.

RESULTS

The mean adjusted annual diabetes-associated
incremental dental expenditure was $77 per person and $1.9 billion for the
nation. Fifty-one percent ($40) and 39% ($30) of this incremental expenditure were
paid out-of-pocket and by private insurance; 69% ($53) of the incremental expenditure
was for restorative/prosthetic/surgical services; and adults with diabetes had
lower expenditure for preventive services than those without (incremental -$7).
Incremental expenditures were higher in older adults, non-Hispanic whites, and people
with higher levels of income and education.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes is associated with higher dental expenditures.
These results fill a gap in the estimates of total medical expenditures associated
with diabetes in the US and highlight the importance of preventive dental care
among people with diabetes.
Inhibition of SGLT-2 rescues bone marrow cell traffic for vascular repair. Role of glucose control and ketogenesis
Authors: Albiero Mattia , Tedesco Serena , Amendolagine Francesco Ivan , D’Anna Marianna , Migliozzi Ludovica , Zuccolotto Gaia , Rosato Antonio , Cappellari Roberta , Avogaro Angelo , Fadini Gian Paolo
Published: April 2021

The mechanisms whereby sodium-glucose
cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve cardiovascular outcomes in people
with diabetes are incompletely understood. Recent studies show that SGLT2i may
increase the levels of circulating cells with vascular regenerative capacity,
at least in part by lowering glycemia. Here, we used mice with
streptozotocin-induced diabetes treated with the SGLT2i dapagliflozin at a dose
that reduced glucose levels by ~20%. Dapagliflozin improved the
diabetes-associated defect of hematopoietic stem cell mobilization after
stimulation with G-CSF. Dapagliflozin rescued the traffic of bone marrow
(BM)-derived cells to injured carotid arteries and improved endothelial healing
in diabetic mice. Defective homing of CD49d+ granulocytes was causally
linked with impaired endothelial repair and was reversed by dapagliflozin. The
effects of dapagliflozin were mimicked by a similar extent of glucose reduction
achieved with insulin therapy, and by a ketone drink that artificially elevated
β-hydroxybutyrate. Inhibition of endothelial repair by resident cells using the
CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 did not abolish the vascular effect of dapagliflozin, indirectly
supporting that endothelial healing by dapagliflozin was mediated by
recruitment of circulating cells. In summary, we show that dapagliflozin improved
the traffic of BM-derived hematopoietic cells to the site of vascular injury,
providing a hitherto unappreciated mechanism of vascular protection.
Death from amniotic fluid embolism in early postpartum period: a case report
Authors: Protsenko Elena V. , Kulida Lyudmila V.
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the case of a 40-year-old woman who died from amniotic fluid embolism on the third day after operative delivery (IV) at 38 weeks of gestation. Histological examination was conducted using staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Schiff reagent. The basis for the postmortem diagnosis was the presence of solid and liquid components of amniotic fluid in the uterine and pulmonary vessels with the absence of morphological substrate of other critical obstetric states.
Anatomical peculiarities of the sphenoidal sinus based on computed tomography data: structural types and correlation with maxillary sinuses
Authors: Zeleva Olesya V. , Zelter Pavel M. , Kolsanov Alexander V. , Pyshkina Yuliya S. , Kramm Evgeniya K.
Published: April 2021

Detailed knowledge of anatomy and topography of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses may help to improve surgical approaches, better predict postoperative complications, increase safety of surgical techniques, and, consequently, avoid inflammatory reactions. This also helps to determine the cause of inflammatory changes.
Aim. This study aimed to analyze structural types of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses by examining computed tomography (CT) images of the paranasal sinuses, to determine the frequency of the interposition of the internal carotid artery, and to identify sex- and age-related peculiarities and regularities in the extent of pneumatization and contents in the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses.
Materials and Methods. CT images of 50 patients who were receiving treatment in the otolaryngology unit of the Clinic of SamSMU were analyzed. Toshiba Aquilion 32 CT scanner was used.
Results. Patients were divided into three groups according to Hamberger classification of the pneumatization of the sphenoidal sinus by taking into account the topographic relation to the sella turcica using CT data: the presellar type was identified in 10% (n=5) of the cases, the sellar type in 22% (n=11), and the postsellar type in 68% (n=34). The postsellar type is the most common structural type of the sphenoidal sinus. Moreover, patients were divided into groups by the type of pneumatization of the maxillary sinuses. No correlation was found between the pneumatizations of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses. Moderate negative correlation was observed between age and structural type of the sinuses, and moderate positive correlation was found between the contents of the sinuses. Interposition of the internal carotid arteries was identified in 3 (6%) patients.
Conclusions. Our data revealed that the postsellar type is the most common structural type of sphenoidal sinuses. The extent of pneumatization of the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses is independent of each other. Anatomical peculiarities of the sphenoidal sinus in the form of the interposition of the internal carotid arteries are not very rare and should be taken into account in planning surgical interventions.
Parameters of autonomic regulation in patients with focal frontal and temporal epilepsy
Authors: Medvedeva Julia I. , Zorin Roman A. , Zhadnov Vladimir A. , Lapkin Michael M.
Published: April 2021

Aim. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of autonomic regulation and autonomic support in focal frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy.
Materials and Methods. Thirty-six individuals were examined (19 men and 17 women; mean age 33.71.4 years) in the control group (without history of epileptic seizures) and 68 patients (32 men and 36 women, 34.11.5 years) with focal epilepsy (36 patients with frontal lobe epilepsy, of which 32 had temporal lobe epilepsy). Physiological parameters of heart rate variability and of skin sympathetic evoked potentials were evaluated.
Results. Predomination of sympathetic influences in both groups of patients was found. According to the analysis of skin sympathetic evoked potentials, a high activity of the suprasegmental autonomic centers was determined in patients with epilepsy. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, the initial state in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy was characterized by greater intrasystemic tension that reflects the high level of physiological costs. The logit regression analysis model makes it possible to distribute patients with focal epilepsy into groups with different disease courses on the basis of the parameters of the autonomic support of the activity.
Conclusion. In patients with focal epilepsy, predomination of sympathetic influences was observed, as well as greater activity of the suprasegmental centers of the autonomic regulation. Intrasystemic ratios of autonomic regulation parameters demonstrate an increase in the intrasystemic tension and a limitation of functional reserves in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. A complex of parameters of autonomic support allows, based on the logit regression analysis, to distribute patients into groups with different courses of focal epilepsy.
Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Phenylketonuria in Ryazan Region
Authors: Yakubovskii Grigorii I. , Serebriakova Olga B. , Yakubovskaya Alina G. , Ruban Nadezhda V. , Lyakhovets Angelina A.
Published: April 2021

Aim. This investigation seeks to determine the incidence of phenylketonuria in the Ryazan region, assess the spectrum of mutations in the PAH gene (phenylalanine hydroxylase), investigate the interrelationship between the diseases clinical course, the phenylalanine blood level, and the patients genotype.
Materials and Methods. The incidence of phenylketonuria was studied based on the data of massive neonatal screening for the period from 2000 to 2019. Molecular genetic examination of mutations was conducted in 39 patients using the allele-specific multiplex ligation method. The interrelationship between the phenylalanine blood level on the fifth day of life and retest, the diseases clinical course, and the patients genotype was assessed according to the medical record data of 33 patients under dispensary observation in a medico-genetic clinic. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (n=21) had two severe mutations (residual activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase 10%). The second group (n=12) had one severe and one mild mutation (the residual activity of the enzyme 10%).
Results. The incidence of phenylketonuria in the Ryazan region was one in 5054 newborns, exceeding the Russian Federations average parameters. Eighteen mutations were discovered in the PAH gene. The most frequent was the R408W mutation (56.4% alleles). The second most frequent mutations were the IVS10-11GA (6.4%) and P281L (5.1%). The R158Q and Y418C mutations occurred with a frequency of 4.1% and Е280К mutation of 2.7%. All the rest of the mutations occurred as single cases. Investigation of the interrelationship between the phenylalanine blood level, the diseases clinical course, and the patients genotype revealed a reliably higher content of amino acid in the first group on retest (32.11.7 mg/% vs. 17.71.5 mg/% in the second group, р0.001) and predomination of more severe forms of phenylketonuria (90.5% vs. 41.7%, respectively, р0.001). Disorders in neuropsychic and speech development were present in 28.6% of patients in the first group but were absent in the second group.
Conclusion. By conducting the study, the incidence of phenylketonuria was determined in the Ryazan region. The spectrum of mutations in the PAH gene was defined. The interrelationship between the diseases clinical portrait, the phenylalanine blood level, and the patients PAH genotype was revealed.
Content of some vitamins in the diet and blood serum of professional football players
Authors: Radzhabkadiev Radzhabkadie M. , Beketova Nina A. , Vrzhesinskaya Oksana A. , Kosheleva Olga V. , Keshabyants Evelina E. , Denisova Natalia N. , Kobelkova Irina V. , Vybornaya Kseniya V. , Lavrinenko Semyon V. , Zhilinskaya Nataliya V.
Published: April 2021

Aim. This study evaluates the vitamin status of football players based on the data of actual nutrition and concentration of biomarkers in blood serum in the competition period of sports activity.
Materials and Methods. The research involved 22 football players (men aged 245 years, body mass index 22.90.2 kg/m2). Intake of С, В1, В2, РР, A vitamins and beta-carotene was evaluated using the 24-hour nutrition reproduction method. Concentrations of ascorbic acid, riboflavin, retinol, tocopherols, beta-carotene in blood serum were determined in fasting condition on the next day after a competition.
Results. A reduced intake of vitamin A and beta-carotene relative to the recommended level was found in 86.0% of examined individuals, and of vitamins В1, В2, РР, and C in 77.2, 68.1, 36.3 and 63.6%, respectively. A study of biomarkers of provision with vitamins showed a reduced riboflavin concentration in blood serum relative to the norm (5 ng/ml) and the optimal level (10 ng/ml) in 45.4% and 100% of the examined athletes, respectively. The beta-carotene level did not reach the optimal level (21.5 g/dl) in each second athlete, and there were no deficits of vitamin A and vitamins-antioxidants C and E. No statistically significant (Spearman) correlations were found between the individual intake parameters of В2, С, А vitamins, and beta-carotene and the respective biomarkers blood serum concentration. A positive relationship was found between the blood serum concentrations of ascorbic acid and beta-carotene (r=0.592, р=0.004).
Conclusion. The data obtained to justify the necessity to optimize the B vitamins and the beta-carotene status of football players in the period of competitions. The traditional approaches to the realization of this task, including enrichment of the diet with vitamin-mineral complexes, should rest on the results of the evaluation of the individual provision of an organism with micronutrients and take into account the enhanced demand for group B vitamins in athletes engaged in high-energy-consuming kinds of sports.
Middle East’s circular economy expectations for the next ten years
Authors: Al Kufy Dr.Firas
Published: April 2021

This study provides an overview of waste management through circular economy in Middle East. Waste management has become a worldwide problem since humans are wasting resources as well as raw materials. This is the biggest problem faced by the humans on Earth that is getting attention of government representatives from all over the world. Recently, Middle East has also showed concerns regarding the amount of waste produced. Thus, several government representatives of Middle East have voiced their opinions and have taken an initiative to adopt this model. This article is based on the adoption of the model of circular economy in the countries of Middle East. This article explains the challenges that Middle East needs to be aware of for successful implementation of this model.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO THE REGULATION OF JOINT OWNERSHIP OF COPYRIGHTS
Authors: TURKINA A.E.
Published: April 2021

To date, there is no unified approach to defining a joint work and the rights of coauthors in different countries of the world. Any of the described mechanisms has its advantages and disadvantages. In those countries where co-authorship creates significant rights over a joint work or, conversely, significant restrictions, the criteria for determining a joint work attract the most attention. Since each work is unique, as well as each contribution made by the co-author, only judicial practice can determine the content of the criteria proposed in the law in sufficient details.