bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric Mathematical Model of the Electrochemical Degradation of 2-Chlorophenol in a Flow-by Reactor under Batch Recirculation Mode
Authors: Regalado-Méndez Alejandro , Ramos-Hernández Guadalupe , Natividad Reyna , Cordero Mario E. , Zárate Luis , Robles-Gómez Edson E. , Pérez-Pastenes Hugo , Peralta-Reyes Ever
Published: December 2023

2-Chlorophenol (2-CP) is a dangerous organic contaminant found in wastewater. In this work, 2.5 L of a 2-CP solution (1 mol/m3) was electrochemically treated in a flow-by reactor equipped with two boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDD) under batch recirculation mode for a period for 4 h, a current density of 0.14 A/cm2, a volumetric flow rate of 1 L/min, and pH = 7.3. In this work, a parametric mathematical model of the degradation efficiency of 2-CP was developed using an axial dispersion model and a continuous stirred tank for the flow-by reactor (FBR), which was constructed using a shell mass balance considering the dispersion and convection terms and the reservoir tank (CST), which was constructed using a mass balance of 2-CP. The parametric mathematic model of the electrochemical degradation of 2-chlorophenol was numerically resolved by employing the software package COMSOL Multiphysics® V. 5.3, where a mass transfer equation for diluted species and a global differential equation represents the FBR and CST, respectively. The results indicate that the parametric mathematical model proposed in this research fits the experimental results, and this is supported by the index performance values such as the determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9831), the mean square error (MSE = 0.0307), and the reduced root-mean-square error (RMSE = 0.1754). Moreover, the degradation efficiency of 2-CP estimated by the proposed model achieves 99.06%, whereas the experimental degradation efficiency reached 99.99%, a comparative error of 0.93%. This corroborates the predictive ability of the developed mathematical model and the effectiveness of the employed electrooxidation process. Finally, a 0.143 USD/L total operating cost for the electrochemical plant was estimated.
A Study on the Carrying Capacity of Water Resources Utilizing the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model—Illustrated by a Case from Guantao County
Authors: Lv Ying , Wang Yuxin , Zhang Xiaokai , Zhang Dasheng
Published: December 2023

The efficient utilization of water resources is the key to ensuring sustainable development. Due to the complex relationship between resource utilization and economy and the environment, there are positive societal effects from a scientific and precise assessment of the carrying capacity of water supplies. This study aims to investigate the uncertainty associated with the selection of evaluation parameters in assessing the carrying capacity of water resources. To achieve this, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is adopted, and two distinct weighting methods, namely hierarchical analysis and entropy weighting, are applied to analyze the sources of uncertainty in the evaluation results under the framework of the established evaluation indicators. Aiming at the traditional water resources carrying capacity, evaluation indexes are redundant and the correlation is not very close. Thus, the sensitivity analysis method based on the weights of the indexes is proposed to eliminate the indexes that have the greatest impact in order to decrease the uncertainty of the evaluation results. The results indicate that the correlationship coefficient of the comprehensive evaluation results obtained through the two weighting ways is 0.4542, which is not a large correlation, so the uncertainty of the assignment of indicator weights exists. The calculation of the sensitivity index shows that the weights of the three indicators of the utilization ratio of water resources development, water consumption per unit of GDP and per capita water resources are the most sensitive, which are 40.62%, 27.58%, and 23.61%, respectively, and these are the key influencing factors. This demonstrates that improving the accuracy of the primary control indices and the quality control of weight assignment can assist with lowering the error of the carrying capacity assessment of water resources and also point the fuzzy evaluation model in the right direction.
Health Risk Appraisal of Trace Elements in Groundwater in an Urban Area: A Case Study of Sichuan Basin, Southwest China
Authors: Yu Zhongyou , Yao Rongwen , Huang Xun , Yan Yuting
Published: December 2023

Intense anthropogenic activities pose a serious threat to groundwater quality in urban areas. Assessing pollution levels and the health risks of trace elements within urban groundwater is crucial for protecting the groundwater environment. In this study, the heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and health risk assessment were conducted to analyze trace element pollution levels and the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of groundwater resources in Sichuan Basin, SW China, based on the hydrochemical results of 114 groundwater samples. The HPI results displayed that 14.92% of groundwater samples were contaminated, primarily attributed to anthropogenic influence. The health risk assessment indicated that children faced the highest non-carcinogenic risk while adults had the highest carcinogenic risk. The Monte Carlo simulation further enhanced the reliability of the health risk model. A sensitivity analysis indicated that Pb was the most sensitive element affecting both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. The achievements of this research would provide a basis for groundwater management in urban areas.
Extraction of Phenol as Pollutant from Aqueous Effluents Using Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Wazeer Irfan , Hizaddin Hanee F. , Wen Ng Xue , El Blidi Lahssen , Hashim Mohd A. , Hadj-Kali Mohamed K.
Published: December 2023

Due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment, phenolic pollutants pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. In this work, the performance of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) for phenol removal from aqueous effluents is thoroughly investigated using COSMO-RS screening followed by experimental validation. The screening results of 73 HDESs showed that the efficacy of phenol removal is significantly affected by chain length, functional groups, and aromaticity. Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)-based HDESs were found to be the most effective HDESs for phenol elimination combined either with menthol (Men), 1-hexanol (Hex), Decanoic acid (DecA), or Thymol (Thy) all in 1:1 molar ratios. The better phenol elimination abilities of the selected HDESs were confirmed by experimental LLE data obtained at 298.15 K and 101 kPa. In fact, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between extraction efficiency and phenol content. For instance, at a phenol concentration of 7%, TOPO:Men had the highest extraction efficiency (96%). Moreover, the physicochemical properties of the selected HDESs, such as density, viscosity, FTIR, 1HNMR, and TGA, were also measured. The results showed their high thermal stability and low water solubility, which makes them suitable for phenol extraction applications. This study shows that HDESs are capable of removing phenolic contaminants from aqueous effluents in a sustainable and efficient manner and that the selected TOPO-based HDESs are of particular interest for further research and application in phenol removal.
SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Monitoring in Thuringia, Germany: Analytical Aspects and Normalization of Results
Authors: Haeusser Sarah , Möller Robert , Smarsly Kay , Al-Hakim Yousuf , Kreuzinger Norbert , Pinnekamp Johannes , Pletz Mathias W. , Kluemper Claudia , Beier Silvio
Published: December 2023

Wastewater monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 is a valuable tool for surveillance in public health. However, reliable analytical methods and appropriate approaches for the normalization of results are important requirements for implementing state-wide monitoring programs. In times of insufficient case reporting, the evaluation of wastewater data is challenging. Between December 2021 and July 2022, we analyzed 646 samples from 23 WWTPs in Thuringia, Germany. We investigated the performance of a direct capture-based method for RNA extraction (4S-method) and evaluated four normalization methods (NH4-N, COD, Ntot, and PMMoV) in a pooled analysis using different epidemiological metrics. The performance requirements of the 4S method were well met. The method could be successfully applied to implement a state-wide wastewater monitoring program including a large number of medium and small wastewater treatment plants (<100,000 p.e) in high spatial density. Correlations between wastewater data and 7-day incidence or 7-day-hospitalization incidence were strong and independent from the normalization method. For the test positivity rate, PMMoV-normalized data showed a better correlation than data normalized with chemical markers. In times of low testing frequency and insufficient case reporting, 7-day-incidence data might become less reliable. Alternative epidemiological metrics like hospital admissions and test positivity data are increasingly important for evaluating wastewater monitoring data and normalization methods. Furthermore, future studies need to address the variance in biological replicates of wastewater.
Sustainable E-Fuels: Green Hydrogen, Methanol and Ammonia for Carbon-Neutral Transportation
Authors: Reddy Vennapusa Jagadeeswara , Hariram N. P. , Maity Rittick , Ghazali Mohd Fairusham , Kumarasamy Sudhakar
Published: December 2023

Increasingly stringent sustainability and decarbonization objectives drive investments in adopting environmentally friendly, low, and zero-carbon fuels. This study presents a comparative framework of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol production and application in a clear context. By harnessing publicly available data sources, including from the literature, this research delves into the evaluation of green fuels. Building on these insights, this study outlines the production process, application, and strategic pathways to transition into a greener economy by 2050. This envisioned transformation unfolds in three progressive steps: the utilization of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol as a sustainable fuel source for transport applications; the integration of these green fuels in industries; and the establishment of mechanisms for achieving the net zero. However, this research also reveals the formidable challenges of producing green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. These challenges encompass technological intricacies, economic barriers, societal considerations, and far-reaching policy implications necessitating collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to successfully develop and deploy green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that renewable energy sources play a pivotal role in enabling the production of these green fuels, positioning the global transition in the landscape of sustainable energy.
A Methodology for Applying Skew in an Automotive Interior Permanent Magnet Rotor for Robust Electromagnetic and Noise, Vibration and Harshness Performance
Authors: Cawkwell Thomas , Haris Ahmed , Gonzalez Juan Manuel , Rodrigues Leon Kevin , Shirokov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors in traction applications often employ discrete rotor skewing constructions to reduce torsional excitations and back-EMF harmonics. Although skewing is very effective in reducing cogging torque, the impact on torque ripple is not well understood and can vary significantly over the operating envelope of a motor. Skewing also leads to the creation of a non-zero axial force that may compromise the bearing life if not considered. This paper introduces a holistic methodology for analyzing the effect of skewing, aiming to minimize torsional excitations, axial forces and back-EMF harmonics whilst mitigating the impact on performance and costs. Firstly, analytical models are employed for calculating cogging torque, torque ripple and axial forces. Then, 2D and 3D finite element analysis are used to incorporate the influence of non-linear material behavior. A detailed structural model of the powertrain is employed to calculate the radiated noise and identify key areas allowing a motor designer to reduce noise, vibration and harshness (NVH). A meticulous selection process for the skewing angle, the number of skew stacks and the orientation of skew stacks is developed, giving particular attention to the effect of the selected pattern on NVH in both forward and reverse rotating directions.
Psychological conditions in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and mental disorder
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution ", Ovchinnikova O.V. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital",   , Samara, Russia
Published: December 2023

The article presents the spectrum of psychological conditions in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with a mental disorder. The purpose of assessing the psychological status of individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis and mental disorders is to create a psychological portrait of these patients. Identification of psychological characteristics makes it possible to select an adequate, targeted program of psychosocial rehabilitation for this category of patients, taking into account their emotional state. Results of psychological assessment of personality: the study has shown that a fairly high percentage of patients with comorbid pathology (pulmonary tuberculosis and mental disorder) have psychological features manifested in anxiety, irritability, suspiciousness, dejection, and immersion in their illness. To a lesser extent, the following were noted: loss of interest in everything or, on the contrary, “going into illness”, a careless attitude towards the disease or extreme suspicion of others. Conclusion. Taking into account the results of the study, in case of such patients, in addition to the main anti-tuberculosis therapy, it is necessary to carry out measures aimed at optimizing the individual’s attitude towards the disease, oneself, the environment, etc. The result of the implementation of targeted rehabilitation, in particular psychotherapeutic work, is the complete satisfaction of the patient’s needs. Individuals in the studied category should feel full-fledged members of society with an adequate attitude towards their disease and towards themselves. In terms of providing medical care, it is necessary to pay special attention to the organization and implementation of complex treatment of patients with comorbid disorders and to carry it out jointly with TB specialists, psychiatrists, and psychologists.
Paid services of a medical institution: the regulations need to be clarified
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G. Plekhanov”, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I. ,   Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2023

The article considers the features of the legal status of a budgetary institution, historically associated with the formation of state ownership relations; new rules for the provision of paid medical services by budgetary institutions and the justification for the need for their additional regulation, taking into account the peculiarities of the legal status of budgetary institutions. The analysis of the current legislation, which provides state guarantees for the provision of medical services, including combining a free basis for their provision to the public and the commodity nature of services in a market environment, is carried out. Practical issues are considered, including the need to approve a standard form of a contract for the provision of paid medical services by budgetary medical institutions.
A Practitioner Approach to Modeling and Teaching Servant-Leadership
Authors: Wallace Rocky , Spears Larry C.
Published: December 2023

Servant-leadership is increasingly being taught in colleges, universities, and elsewhere.  Approaches to teaching vary, but often involve a combination of reading, writing, modeling and practicing it.  As college professors, working primarily with graduate students, we have learned over the years that teaching servant-leadership includes a strong effort at modeling it for students.  In this essay, we share our approaches in how we structure servant-leadership courses.  Some elements include Community, Relevant Learning, Ethically-Driven, Coaching/Mentoring Focus, Humor, Growth over Product, and Mutual Respect of Intellectual Capital.

The selection and structure of key learning materials is also a crucial aspect of teaching and modeling servant-leadership in courses.  The inclusion of key texts by Robert K. Greenleaf, such as Servant-Leadership, and On Becoming a Servant-Leader provide an important foundation grounding, as does Journey to the East, by Hermann Hesse (the book that inspired Robert Greenleaf in coining the term, servant-leader.  The practice of silence, as an aid to becoming a better listener, has also proven to be most helpful.  The servant-leader classroom is so much more than creating a culture of ‘let’s all get along’. Diving into the literature on the topic, building examples and assignments into the course structure and content, and then modeling the principles of the discipline helps to facilitate a culture of care.  Servant-leadership is certainly easier to talk about than to consistently do. But it’s more than worth it to try—as we open the minds and hearts of our students (and ourselves) to the lifestyle of serving.
Servant-Leadership in the Military: An Investigation of Servant-Leadership among Technical Sergeants in the United States Air Force
Authors: Richardson Tracey M. , Earnhardt Matthew P. , Morris Tori , Walker Steven M.
Published: December 2023

Servant-Leadership, developed by Greenleaf (1970), is a leadership theory which prioritizes the follower. Greenleaf contended that putting others first as leaders could lead to a change in society. Patterson (2003) developed a model from Greenleaf’s theory which identified several attributes of the Servant-Leadership model including agapao love, humility, altruism, vision, trust, empowerment, and service. In the military, researchers have used Patterson’s construct to conclude that Servant-Leadership does exist in the military. Though some research involving Servant-Leadership and the military has been conducted, there is a dearth in the literature. In the United States Air Force, leadership development for Non-Commissioned Officers specifically focuses on teaching leadership theories aligning with the Air Force Core Values.  Servant-Leadership theory is not currently taught in Air Force Core Values or connected to leadership training. Therefore, the current study links Servant-Leadership and Air Force Core Values and advocates for inclusion of Servant-Leadership in military training.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Minda Sri
Published: December 2023

This research was carried out through Quantitative research particularly survey method. The survey aims at examining the factors that influence the students’ speaking ability, to know the most significant factor that affects the students’ speaking ability, and to describe how the factors influence the students’ speaking ability in English Intensive Language Program UIN SYAHADA Padangsidimpuan. The findings were presented in mix method analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The instrument used to collect the data was questionnaire. The questionnaires were analyzed particularly by using multiple linear regression and further analysis, ANOVA, was used to determine the significant factor while questions 3 used descriptive technique. The results show that the 1. factors that influence the students’ speaking ability are students’ factors, campus environmental factor and parental involvement, 2. the most significant influencing factor on students’ speaking ability is campus environmental which is 52%. It is evident from the ANOVA results that the model reached statistical significance [F (3, 112) =18.912, Adjusted R2=.516, sig. <.05], and 3. Campus environmental greatly influences the students’ speaking ability which include the materials, the interactions, and the learning methods.
Questionnement épistémologique des S.T.AP.S. - E.P.S.
Authors: Gleyse Jacques
Published: December 2023

La réflexion entreprise dans ce travail basée sur une revue de littérature historico-épistémologique tend à mettre en évidence, d’une part, la filiation heuristique des recherches en S.T.A.P.S. et, d’autre part, à partir de ce premier constat, à mieux cerner l’objet et le système S.T.A.P.S. Il s’agit donc de décrire, ici, les résultats d’un programme de travail épistémologique et de philosophie des sciences. Ce programme aboutit à élucider des axiologies et idéologies implicites dans une optique épistémologique proche de celle de l’école de Francfort.
Institutions sportives, idéologies et modalités de pratique
Authors: Marcellini Anne
Published: December 2023

Le développement de structures d'accueil sportives de plus en plus nombreuses et diverses s'accompagne d'une diversité des idéologies et des pratiques sportives institutionnelles actuelles en France. L'étude menée est qualitative et porte sur neuf structures sportives du département de l’Hérault, choisies à partir d'un critère de diversité statutaire (type d'organisation administrative). Les résultats mettent l'accent sur la cohérence existant, du point de vue idéologique et du point de vue des modalités de pratique, à l'intérieur de chaque groupement sportif. Cette cohérence est construite autour des positions dirigeantes, qui sont dans la majorité des cas déterminantes. Une analyse en composantes principales permet en outre la construction d'un espace signifiant autour de deux axes dominants, au sein duquel on a positionné les différents groupements étudiés :

-modalités de pratiques nouvelles ou traditionnelles,

-prise en charge ou auto-organisation des pratiquants en liaison avec un fonctionnement de type individualiste ou groupal.
Politique sportive municipale. Une analyse des relations municipalité-associations
Authors: Haschar-Noé Nadine
Published: December 2023

Le développement des pratiques sportives est un des faits majeurs de la société française. Au-delà du constat d'un progrès quantitatif, des analyses plus qualitatives insistent sur l'évolution de ces pratiques.

Dans ces conditions, les communes, premiers investisseurs au niveau des équipements et agents importants du développement des activités physiques et sportives, sont confrontées à des problèmes d'ajustement à la demande locale et à des choix engageant l'avenir, d'autant plus importants que les lois de décentralisation leur confèrent de nouvelles responsabilités.

Les associations sportives, interlocuteurs privilégiés des communes, ont aussi à prendre compte ces nouvelles conditions.

Comment dans ce contexte, les acteurs s'adaptent-ils ?

En analysant le cas d'une commune en région parisienne, l'étude tente de saisir les stratégies et les règles du jeu structurant les relations entre les acteurs de la vie sportive locale : élus politiques et responsables associatifs.

Le champ sportif, échappant à la seule logique décisionnelle, reste un lieu de passion et de négociation entre les acteurs, la place des phénomènes de pouvoir paraît ici primordiale.
Corps, techniques et sciences. Quelques éléments d'archéologie de l'âge classique à la post-modernité
Authors: Gleyse Jacques
Published: December 2023

The work which is here presented, is based on litterature review. It tries to show, from a synthetic point of view, epistemological cuts since the XVIIth century. In this purpose, it tries to articulated three fields :

1. -Diseur ses and practices about body and bodility,

2. -Transformations or mutations of technics and technologies,

3. -Sciences and epistemology.

Three cuts can be shown. The first one, born at the end of “the classic age” (Foucault M., 1966) can be sum up by the concept of “putting in ordered” and by “the manufactory” one. The second one which appeares in the middle of the nineteen century should be caracterize by “the inside” and “the efficiency” . The third one which begin at the end of the nineteen century and follow the whole twenty century, is synthesised by the following words : “Man“ and “Information”.
Les feed-back émis par les enseignants lors des situations d'enseignement-apprentissage.
Authors: Driouch F. , Marzouk Abdellah , Baria Abderrahim , Chabba R.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the nature of feed-back given to students during teaching-learning situations according to high school teacher’s experience. A multidimensional system derived from Piéron and Delmelle (1983) system was used for this purpose. Fourteen (14) high school teachers with 0 to 5 years experience and fourteen (14) high school teachers with 6 to 10 years experience were observed during two specific activities : volley-ball and floor gymnastics.

The results reveal that the nature of feed-back except for the emotional dimension differ according to teacher experience. The results of this study contribute to develop knowledge regarding teacher’s skills to respond to the student’s performance during teaching-learning situations.
La réalisation d'un stade nautique intercommunal. Politiques sportives et stratégies fédérales
Authors: Mounet Jean-Pierre , Chifflet Pierre
Published: December 2023

Using the exemple of a nautical stadium construction in the Grenoble agglomeration, this paper attempts to expound the caracteristics of intercommunal sport’s politics. This analysis is about interactions between municipal politics and federal strategy, in order to identify the main actors and their conceptions of sport. This work explains that sporting associations affiliated to a federation, are only a component of the French sport system.
Les apports de la sociologie de Pierre Bourdieu à la sociologie des sports
Authors: Clément Jean-Paul
Published: December 2023

La pubblicazione nel 1981 dell'opera collettiva diretta da Christian Pociello (Sports et Société) concretizza l'impatto dell'approccio di Pierre Bourdieu sulla sociologia degli sport in lingua francese.

Per quanto riguarda “il campo delle pratiche sportive e la sua strutturazione sociale”, alcuni lavori socio-storici hanno illustrato delle fasi di formazione di un campo delle attività sportive, aventi sue proprie poste in gioco e sua logica di funzionamento. Pociello e la sua equipe hanno mostrato le omologie esistenti tra questo campo (“lo spazio degli sport”) e lo spazio sociale differenziato. Alcune inchieste più dettagliate analizzano un gruppo di sport o di un solo sport e ritrovano differenziazioni sociali perfino nelle “maniere” di praticare il gioco e di entrare in relazione con gli altri giocatori.

Lo spazio degli sport è studiato nelle sue trasformazioni, mostrando corne la posizione di ciascuna disciplina in questa spazio cambi nel corso del tempo, in relazione con le trasformazioni sociali e culturali.

Per quanto concerne “il simbolico delle pratiche sportive” si nota che, nello spazio degli sport e in relazione con la dinamica del campo sociale, i gruppi di praticanti lottano per diffondere la loro maniera di praticare.

È stato mostrato che il potere di simbolizzazione delle pratiche sportive è in relazione con l'omologia esistente tra lo spazio delle lotte per la definizione del corpo legittimo e lo spazio delle lotte sociali e politiche.

L'insieme di questi lavori procede a confronti e si basa sulla storia sociale delle pratiche sportive.
Évolution des codifications sportives et enseignement scolaire : le cas des lancer-rattraper d’engin en gymnastique rythmique sportive
Authors: Loquet Monique
Published: December 2023

Cet article met en relation l’approche historique de la gymnastique rythmique sportive (GRS) et l’approche didactique des contenus enseignées en GRS. L’enseignement usuel de la GRS s’appuie sur une conception des contenus comme des «techniques» figées, réifiées, dépourvues d’épaisseur historique. Nous estimons que les difficultés rencontrées par l’enseignement scolaire sont dues aux contraintes liées à la constitution historique des techniques en GRS. La recherche s’efforce de repérer les étapes essentielles de l’évolution historique, à travers l’étude des règlements sportifs. L’étude porte sur les lancer-rattraper d’engin. Cette étude (six codes de pointage successifs de 1970 à 1997) révèle un processus cyclique au cours duquel le lancer d’engin joue alternativement le rôle d’outil pour résoudre un problème extérieur au lancer lui-même et le rôle d’objet prenant place à part entière dans la construction du code officiel des difficultés cotées. Ce jeu outil/objet introduit des limites dans les conditions de réalisation du lancer-rattraper. L’identification de ces limites constitue un point d’ancrage de la conception des contenus à enseigner en GRS.
De la signification des comportements en escalade libre et sportive
Authors: Aubel Olivier
Published: December 2023

Significato dei comportamenti nella scalata libera e sportiva

Partendo dal modello interazionista di Erwin Goffman, che permette la descrizione ordinata delle interazioni degli scalatori di una falesia, la presente ricerca sviluppa la prospettiva teorica di Pierre Bourdieu per oggettivare le poste in gioco della pratica della scalata libera e sportiva. Facendo apparire che il livello di performance percepito ed apprezzato funziona come capitale simbolico o potere di costrizione, questo lavoro permette di attestare l’esistenza di un confronte la cui caratteristica è di non apparire corne taie. Alla fine di questa constatazione, le prese di posizione drammaturgica e simbolica degli scalatori appaiono corne le espressioni metaforiche della loro posizione nello spazio della scalata libera e sportiva.
La dynamique du processus de professionnalisation des sports collectifs : les cas du football, du basket-ball et du rugby
Authors: Bayle Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Cette recherche vise à démontrer que le processus de professionnalisation des sports repose sur des stratégies d’acteurs qui influencent et déterminent son rythme, son intensité et ses formes. L’importance des relations de pouvoir visant à préserver ou à maximiser les intérêts des acteurs en présence au cours de ce processus nous a incité à retenir le cadre explicatif de la sociologie des organisations et plus précisément, le concept de stratégie d’acteurs développé par M. Crozier et E. Friedberg (1977). Ce cadre théorique a été enrichi par une analyse multidisciplinaire du processus de professionnalisation du sport où les apports de l’histoire, du droit et de l’économie du sport ont été pris en compte.

Trois sports, le football, le basket-ball et le rugby ont été retenus pour analyser la dynamique du processus de professionnalisation des sports collectifs. La méthodologie qualitative adoptée s’appuie sur des sources documentaires relatives à ces trois sports et des entretiens menés avec les acteurs du système sportif professionnel (n=21) pour faire émerger et valider nos hypothèses.

Nous identifions quatre étapes du processus de professionnalisation : la naissance (même «officieuse») d’un marché du travail rémunéré, la reconnaissance officielle et statutaire du professionnalisme par les instances sportives, l’organisation sportive et économique de championnats professionnels, le développement d’un pouvoir de marché où la ligue professionnelle joue un rôle central et moteur pour dynamiser et réguler le processus.

Nous montrons que la dynamique (forme, intensité et rythme) des étapes du processus varie en fonction des jeux d’alliance entre les acteurs. Ces alliances tacites ou formalisées se légitiment au regard de la confrontation des acteurs du système professionnel avec trois facteurs contextuels : un système sportif concurrent, les ordres juridiques étatiques et européens et la dynamique de l’environnement économique.
Curriculum en éducation physique et éducation à la santé : débats autour d’une difficile intégration
Authors: Cogérino Geneviève
Published: December 2023

Les programmes de l’Éducation Physique de nombreux pays s’orientent vers l’intégration de l’Éducation à la Santé. Cette intégration confronte les enseignants à des problèmes concrets. L’article identifie un certain nombre de difficultés relatives à cette intégration : intégration de la thématique des loisirs, nécessité de prendre en compte les représentations du corps et de la santé qui déterminent le rapport à la pratique physique, rapport spécifique au public adolescent.
Problematika Lembaga Pendidikan Kristen: Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Kerja Guru KB
Authors: Yulianingsih Dwiati , Siburian Hendro Hariyanto
Published: December 2023

Problematika lembaga pendidikan nonformal Kristen masa kini salah satunya kesiapan dalam penyediaan dan tatakelola pendanaan operasional. Problematika ini berimplikasi terhadap motivasi kerja guru dalam menjalankan profesinya. Dimana motivasi guru KB Kristen rendah yang disebabkan lembaga pendidikan Kristen tidak memperhatikan indikator motivasi kerja guru yaitu pemenuhan kebutuhan mendasar seseorang sesuai teori motivasi yang dicetuskan oleh Abraham Maslow. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah menawarkan penerapan teori hierarki kebutuhan dari Abraham Maslow sebagai upaya meningkatkan motivasi kerja guru KB. Hasil penelitian; ketika lembaga pendidikan Kristen mengimplementasikan teori motivasi Abraham Maslow yaitu pemenuhan kebutuhan fisiologis, keamanan, dimiliki dan dicintai, penghargaan, dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri maka motivasi kerja guru KB akan meningkat.
IMPROVING THE METHOD OF PENDULUM IMPACTOR VERIFICATION IN REGARD TO ENERGY LOSS DUE TO FRICTION
Authors: Orlov Alexander V. , Pashin Evgeny L.
Published: December 2023

Article presents an attempt to improve the method of pendulum impactors, such as tensile strength testing machine K-1 in regard to energy loss due to friction. Analysis of existing methods suggests a discre- pancy caused by ignoring the relationship between the energy loss caused by the tested material sample and that caused by friction. This introduces a systemic error and limits the applicability of such testing machines. Thanks to the modern rotational motion registration methods it becomes possible to estimate the intensity of friction at different points of the pendulum’s trajectory. This leads to a model of friction forces’ magnitude consisting of a linear combination of known motion parameters, such as angular coordinate, velocity and acceleration. The coefficients of this model can be determined using the non-negative variant of the least- squares method. This algorithm has been implemented into a software module for the K-1 testing machine.
MODELLING AND MANUFACTURING OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT AND COMPLEX ELEMENTS OF A LOOM USING ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Khabibulloev Amirchamza , Grechukhin Alexandr P. , Rudovsky Pavel N. , Starinets Ivan V.
Published: December 2023

Equipment for three-dimensional orthogonal weaving has significant differences from looms used to obtain single-layer fabrics. At the same time, many structural elements are in the debugging stage, which requires frequent changes in their shape, which is associated with the refinement of the process parameters. The use of traditional technologies such as sheet stamping to obtain such parts is impractical due to the low serialisation of parts and complex shape. The way out, in this case, is the widespread use of additive technologies in this case. In this case, the parts are made of plastic. The most common materials are ABS; petg; PVA. Compared to steels, they have very low mechanical characteristics such as yield strength, elastic modulus, etc. Therefore, their use for the manufacture of tooling should be accompanied by appropriate design calculations that can be performed in one of the common CAD systems.
PECULIARITIES OF RUSSIAN JEWELLERY BRANDS
Authors: Galanin Sergey I. , Rybakova Irina V. , Kolupaev Kirill N.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of analysis of peculiarities of Russian jewellery brands. The neces- sity of their creation is connected with the possibility of recovery of Russian jewellery industry from the lingering crisis. The most famous jewellery brands and their classification are considered. Some illustrative examples of brand jewelry are given. It is shown that Russian jewellery brands are mainly of the “Genius jeweller” or “Name brand” types. It is pointed out the main differences between Russian jewellery brands and the most famous foreign ones. Stylistic, design and material science features of the most famous Russian jewellery brands are discussed. It is noted that quite a limited number of jewellery brands and trademarks work in the hot enamel technique in modern Russia.
Separation of Input Variables for Optimization of the Mealy FSM Circuit
Authors: Barkalov Alexandr , Titarenko Larysa , Golovin Oleksandr , Matvienko Oleksandr , Saburova Svitlana
Published: December 2023

Introduction. One of the most important blocks of almost any digital system is the control device (CU), since the characteristics of the CU largely determine the characteristics of the system as a whole.
In the practice of engineering design, the behavior of the CU is often specified using the Mealy finite state machine (FSM) model. A feature of Mealy FSM is the dependence of systems of Boolean functions that define the circuit on FSM inputs and states. In this article, this feature is taken into account when optimizing the characteristics of FSM circuit in the basis of FPGA chips.
When developing FSM circuits, it is necessary to optimize its characteristics, such as performance and hardware costs.
FPGAs are one of the most common logic bases for implementing digital systems. FPGA components such as look-up table (LUT) elements, programmable flip-flops, embedded memory blocks (EMBs), and programmable interconnects are sufficient to implement the CU circuit.
The purpose of the article. In this paper, we propose a method for reducing hardware costs in the Mealy FSM cirucit implemented in the FPGA basis. In this case, the problem of implementing a circuit in a mixed elemental basis is considered. A mixed basis is understood as the joint use of LUTs and EMBs. The situation is considered when the number of available EMBs is extremely limited, which is quite possible, since EMBs are widely used to implement various operating blocks of digital systems.
The main disadvantage of LUTs is the small number of inputs. Modern digital systems can generate signals of logical conditions entering the CU, the number of which is tens of times greater than the number of LUT inputs. This discrepancy between the characteristics of the control algorithm and the number of inputs of the LUTs leads to multilevel CU circuits with an irregular structure of programmable interconnections. To optimize multilevel schemes, the method of replacing input variables is used with the joint use of LUTs and EMB blocks.
Results. The analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed method was carried out using the libraries of standard benchmarks FSMs and the Vivado CAD platform. Studies have shown that the proposed method makes it possible to reduce the number of LUTs in the range from 100% to 82%. For 37% of automata, the method of replacing input variables can be applied only in conjunction with the separation of input variables.
Conclusions. The proposed method makes it possible to reduce hardware costs (the number of LUTs and their interconnections), delay time, and power consumption. The article shows the conditions for applying the proposed method. The results of studies of the effectiveness of the proposed method for standard automata using chips of the Virtex-7 family and the Vivado industrial package are presented. Keywords: finite state machine, synthesis, FPGA, EMB, LUT, input replacement.
Ranking the main risks that can lead to the pollution of the marine environment in the Black Sea
Authors: Gasparotti Carmen
Published: December 2023

The aim of the paper is to present the way in which the main risks that can lead to the pollution of the marine environment of the Black Sea can be ranked using multicriteria analysis, based on the AHP process (Analytic Hierarchy Process). This analysis represents a solid basis for the decision-making process. Based on this hierarchy, the decision-makers in the maritime field can easily visualize both the risk assessment criteria and the risks that must be taken into account. The analyzed risks (oil spills, shipwrecks, ship collision, fire explosion) in relation to the considered criteria (bad weather conditions, high-density traffic, human errors, ship age) have been ranked as follows: "ship collision" risk with overall priority = 0.366 is the one that must be considered the most dangerous in relation to the considered criteria, followed in descending order by the risk of "oil spills" with overall priority = 0.303, the risk of "shipwrecks" with overall priority = 0.181 and finally the risk of "fire explosion" with overall priority = 0.150.
СТАН ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ТА СИСТЕМНОГО ГУМОРАЛЬНОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ В ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ КАТАРАЛЬНИМ ГІНГІВІТОМ НА ТЛІ ХРОНІЧНОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ ТОНЗИЛОГЕННОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ
Authors: Бежук Ю.А.
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження. Визначити особливості гуморального локального та системного імунітету у хворих з хронічним катаральним гінгівітом на тлі хронічного рекурентного тонзиліту. Матеріали і методи дослідження. Об’єктом дослідження обрано стан показників імунітету ротоглотки та периферичної крові за наявності діагностованих хронічного тонзиліту та патології тканин пародонта. Предмет дослідження – периферична кров, ротоглотковий секрет (РГС). У дослідженні брали участь 40 пацієнтів обох статей віком 18-40 років, з яких групу А склали 20 хворих на хронічний рекурентний тонзиліт на тлі хронічного катарального гінгівіту; група Б – 10 хворих на хронічний рекурентний тонзиліт в стадії клінічної ремісії без патології пародонта. Група В включала 10 практично здорових донорів. Наукова новизна. Наявність високого рівня циркулюючих імунних комплексів (ЦІК) в сироватці крові (група А і Б) дозволяє зробити припущення про те, що імунні комплекси відіграють роль одного з провідних патогенетичних чинників у розвитку катарального гінгівіту і поглиблення цього процесу може відбуватись за рахунок впливу зі сторони піднебінних мигдаликів. Висновки. У пацієнтів з хронічним катаральним гінгівітом на тлі хронічного перебігу тонзиліту встановлено суттєве підвищення в РГС рівня секреторного імуноглобуліну А, інтерферонів α-γ та імунних комплексів, що являється патогенним чинником у розвитку запальних процесів в піднебінних мигдаликах та тканинах пародонта.
Review of current epidemiological risks of introducing infectious diseases into the Russian Federation from the African continent
Authors:   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Ivanova Aleksandra V. , Zubova Anastasiya A. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Kas’jan Zhanetta A. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Dmitrieva Lyudmila N. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Chumachkova Elena A. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Zimirova Anastasiya A. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Shcherbakova Svetlana A. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe», Kutyrev Vladimir V. ,   Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe»
Published: December 2023

The paper presents generalized epidemiological data and analyzes the situation in the countries of the African region on infectious diseases requiring measures for sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation. The epidemiological analysis was carried out on the basis of data from the official website of the African Bureau of the World Health Organization (WHO), the African Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Ministries of Health of the relevant countries, other international organizations, as well as materials of publications in the public domain. The paper summarizes and systematizes data on the incidence and territorial spread of diseases in the region from the perspective of possible risks for those visiting it. The presented data on infectious diseases make it possible to navigate issues related to the risk of infection with infectious diseases, to determine the factors and seasonality of the increased risk of infection, to predict the possibility of importing diseases to the Russian Federation. Keywords: infectious diseases, WHO African region, ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being, risk of drift, sanitary protection of the territory, plague, cholera, malaria, EVD, MVD.
Strategy for the development of training in the field of medical and preventive affairs in St. Petersburg at the current stage
Authors:   SPb GBPEI «Medical College No. 3», Vatolina Natalya Anatolyevna , Fedotova Natalia Vitalievna ,   SPb GBPEI «Medical College No. 3», Shishkin Yuriy Mikhaylovich ,   «St. Petersburg City Disinfection Station», Lyalina Lyudmila Vladimirovna ,   FBUN «St. Petersburg Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Pasteur» Rospotrebnadzor, Osmirko Tatyana Vladimirovna ,   FGBOU VO «North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov»
Published: December 2023

The development of the training system in the field of medical and preventive affairs in St. Petersburg was analyzed. The main tasks of staffing organizations and health care institutions, including the disinfection profile, are noted, which require immediate solution Keywords: licensing of disinfection activities, sanitary and epidemiological service, organizations and institutions of disinfection profile, medical organizations, secondary vocational education in the specialty «medical and preventive business».