bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Globalization and Modern Identity Practices - Locals and Cosmopolitans in Seventeenth Century Amsterdam
Authors: Ufer Ulrich
Published: August 2017

This paper offers a historical analysis of cultural identiﬁcation among locals and cosmopolitans in Amsterdam, the centre of the seventeenth century world system. Here, the convergence of global processes and local changes, such as increasing monetization, commodiﬁcation and anonymization of everyday lives generated conditions that contributed to the formation of modern individual and group identities. Early modern globalization gave rise to a “global animus” in Amsterdam and it prompted the city’s political elites to promote a cosmopolitan civic identity, expressed in allegoric art and architecture. On a theoretical level this paper criticizes objectifying or essentializing approaches to cultural globalization and to cultural identity and highlights instead the contradictions and ambiguities involved in the processes of attributing cultural meaning. A discussion of the poetry of Jacob Cats (1577–1660) reveals how local actors attributed contesting cultural meanings to the objects of global trade and how they acculturated them in different ways into their practices of local or cosmopolitan identiﬁcation.
Surgical treatment in deep digital sepsis in cattle – Claw preserving methods and claw amputation
Authors: Kofler Johann
Published: August 2017

Still today lameness represents a major health problem in many dairy farms with prevalences ranging from 0 to 70%; mean prevalence rates of about 36% were reported by many authors. Unfortunately, the lameness prevalence is highly underestimated by farmers. An acceptable lameness prevalence in dairy herds regarding ethical and economical considerations is 5% to maximal 10%. Lameness continues to be one of the largest economic drains on dairy farming and is one of the three most common reason for culling, preceded by reproductive failure and mastitis. Lameness results in direct loss via culling as well as indirect loss via decreased production of milk, milk fat and protein, reproductive failure, prolonged calving interval, extra labor of the dairy farmer and the foot trimmer, extra visits of the veterinarian, treatment costs and costs for discarded milk.
Surgical treatment of septic arthritis of proximal joints and treatment of bone sequestra in cattle
Authors: Kofler Johann
Published: August 2017

Septic arthritis is a common cause of severe lameness in cattle, most commonly the distal interphalangeal joint is involved. Septic arthritis of proximal joints (fetlock, carpal, tarsal, stifle etc.) in cattle had been reported on a much lower frequency. Septic arthritis is caused by direct inoculation of bacteria into the joint (primary infection) or from spread of periarticular infection (secondary infection) or by haematogenous spread. Traumatic arthritis is not as common as septic arthritis and involves predominantly the larger proximal joints. Up to now, the diagnosis of bovine arthritis has been based on careful clinical examination, radiography, arthrocentesis and macroscopic, cytological and microbiological examination of the synovial sample.However, during the last 20 years, ultrasonography has proved to be of paramount importance for soft tissue differentiation in bovine orthopedics, adding important information to the clinical findings.
Distúrbios reprodutivos em cabras leiteiras e impactos potenciais nos sistemas de produção
Authors: Maia Ana Lucia Rosa e Silva , Oliveira Maria Emília Franco , Souza-Fabjan Joanna Maria Gonçalves , Balaro Mário Felipe Alvarez , Brandão Felipe Zandonadi , Da Fonseca Jeferson Ferreira
Published: August 2017

A exploração de caprinos leiteiros é uma importante atividade pecuária, com maior intensidade em algumas regiões do Brasil. A eficiência desta exploração está relacionada a vários fatores, sendo fortemente dependente dos índices reprodutivos. Os distúrbios reprodutivos estão mais relacionados a sistemas de produção intensivos e que exploram as principais raças leiteiras criadas no Brasil, sobretudo na região Sudeste do país. Basicamente, estes distúrbios podem ser diagnosticados por meio do exame clínico em associação com a ultrassonografia. Na maioria das vezes, os distúrbios surgem e se mantém de forma silenciosa. Impactando negativamente os índices reprodutivos, tais ocorrências concorrem para a diminuição da produção de leite e de crias, as duas principais receitas da caprinocultura leiteira. Antes do diagnóstico, tratamento e mesmo prognóstico é preciso ter em mente as características básicas da criação dos animais. Noções sobre a fisiologia da cabra, incluindo presença ou não de estacionalidade reprodutiva, são imprescindíveis. O objetivo desta revisão foi sumarizar os principais distúrbios reprodutivos que acometem as cabras leiteiras e seus potenciais impactos na eficiência dos sistemas de produção de leite de cabra.
The impact of sanity on the fertility of cows submitted to reproductive biotechnics
Authors: Fonseca Zangirolamo Amanda , Covre da Silva Nathalia , Morotti Fábio , Marcondes Seneda Marcelo
Published: August 2017

The productivity in the herds is directly associated with reproduction. Thus, in order to achieve a better efficiency, the most varied reproductive biotechniques have been applied to the plants. Several factors have a direct influence on reproductive performance, including genetics, nutrition, zootechnical management, and sanitation. However, the sanity of the herd through the use of prophylactic measures against infectious agents is often neglected. In this context, particular attention should be paid to health programs, since 37-50% of gestational losses in the herd are consequences of infectious diseases of the reproductive tract caused by viral, bacterial or protozoan agents. Thus, this review will discuss the main advantages obtained with the use of reproductive biotechniques to increase fertility and the epidemiological aspects related to the diseases that cause reproductive failures in cows. Finally, we will also explain the importance of implementing sanitary programs with adequate management and vaccination of animals, to minimize economic losses related to reproductive diseases and, consequently, obtain higher pregnancy rates in the use of reproduction biotechnologies.
Genotyping-by-sequencing enables linkage mapping in three octoploid cultivated strawberry families
Authors: Vining Kelly J. , Salinas Natalia , Tennessen Jacob A. , Zurn Jason D. , Sargent Daniel James , Hancock James , Bassil Nahla V.
Published: August 2017

Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to survey genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three biparental strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa) populations with the goal of evaluating this technique in a species with a complex octoploid genome. GBS sequence data were aligned to theF. vesca‘Fvb’ reference genome in order to call SNPs. Numbers of polymorphic SNPs per population ranged from 1,163 to 3,190. Linkage maps consisting of 30–65 linkage groups were produced from the SNP sets derived from each parent. The linkage groups covered 99% of theFvbreference genome, with three to seven linkage groups from a given parent aligned to any particular chromosome. A phylogenetic analysis performed using the POLiMAPS pipeline revealed linkage groups that were most similar to ancestral speciesF. vescafor each chromosome. Linkage groups that were most similar to a second ancestral species,F. iinumae, were only resolved forFvb4. The quantity of missing data and heterogeneity in genome coverage inherent in GBS complicated the analysis, but POLiMAPS resolvedF.× ananassachromosomal regions derived from diploid ancestorF. vesca.
The jaw is a second-class lever inPedetes capensis(Rodentia: Pedetidae)
Authors: Cox Philip G.
Published: August 2017

The mammalian jaw is often modelled as a third-class lever for the purposes of biomechanical analyses, owing to the position of the resultant muscle force between the jaw joint and the teeth. However, it has been proposed that in some rodents the jaws operate as a second-class lever during distal molar bites, owing to the rostral position of the masticatory musculature. In particular, the infraorbital portion of the zygomatico-mandibularis (IOZM) has been suggested to be of major importance in converting the masticatory system from a third-class to a second-class lever. The presence of the IOZM is diagnostic of the hystricomorph rodents, and is particularly well-developed inPedetes capensis, the South African springhare. In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) was used to assess the lever mechanics of the springhare masticatory system, and to determine the function of the IOZM. An FE model of the skull ofP. capensiswas constructed and loaded with all masticatory muscles, and then solved for biting at each tooth in turn. Further load cases were created in which each masticatory muscle was removed in turn. The analyses showed that the mechanical advantage of the springhare jaws was above one at all molar bites and very close to one during the premolar bite. Removing the IOZM or masseter caused a drop in mechanical advantage at all bites, but affected strain patterns and cranial deformation very little. Removing the ZM had only a small effect on mechanical advantage, but produced a substantial reduction in strain and deformation across the skull. It was concluded that the masticatory system ofP. capensisacts as a second class lever during bites along almost the entire cheek tooth row. The IOZM is clearly a major contributor to this effect, but the masseter also has a part to play. The benefit of the IOZM is that it adds force without substantially contributing to strain or deformation of the skull. This may help explain why the hystricomorphous morphology has evolved multiple times independently within Rodentia.
Fourteen new species ofOecetisMcLachlan, 1877 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) from the Neotropical region
Authors: Quinteiro Fabio B. , Holzenthal Ralph W.
Published: August 2017

Background

The caddisfly genusOecetiscurrently contains 534 valid species. Its larval stages are found in freshwaters around the world. The adults can be distinguished from other Leptoceridae by the unbranched forewing M vein and the exceptionally long maxillary palps. In the Neotropical region, 55 species ofOecetishave been recorded and most of them can be placed in one of the six species groups known from this biogeographical region: theavara-,falicia-,inconspicua-,punctata-,punctipennis-, andtestacea-groups. More than 50% of the known diversity of NeotropicalOecetishas been described in the past 40 years. Here, we describe an additional 14 new species ofOecetisto further document the diversity of this genus in the Neotropical region.

Methods

The descriptions and illustrations presented here are based on male specimens. Specimens were collected with Malaise traps or ultraviolet light traps. They were preserved in alcohol or pinned as stated in material examined section. Specimens had their genitalia prepared in 85% lactic acid to better observe internal characters and illustrations were aided by the use of a microscope with drawing tube attached.

Results and Discussion

This study raises the number of species ofOecetisin the Neotropics from 55 to 69. Eight of the new species presented here could not be reliably placed in one of the known species groups (Oecetis acuticlaspern. sp.,Oecetis flintin. sp.,Oecetis carinatan. sp.,Oecetis cassicoleatan. sp.,Oecetis blahnikin. sp.,Oecetis gibbosan. sp.,Oecetis licinan. sp., andOecetis pertican. sp.). The others are placed in thepunctata-group (Oecetis bidigitatan. sp.,Oecetis quasipunctatan. sp.),testacea-group (Oecetis plenuspinosan. sp.), andfalicia-group (Oecetis calorin. sp.,Oecetis hastapullan. sp.,Oecetis machaeran. sp.). Most of the diagnostic characters rely on structures of the inferior appendages and phallic apparatus, and the shape of tergum X.
O Processo Político do Programa CrediAmigo segundo seus Gestores
Authors: Capobiango Ronan Pereira , Silveira Suely De Fátima Ramos , Lima Afonso Augusto Teixeira de Freitas de Carvalho
Published: August 2017

Este artigo busca descrever e documentar o processo político do Programa CrediAmigo,segundo os gestores do programa, sob a ótica da teoria do ciclo político. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento de dados primários, coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, e tratados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. A formulação do CrediAmigo pelo Banco do Nordeste consistiu na elaboração de uma proposta de solução para o problema da dificuldade no acesso ao crédito.A partir de sua formulação e implementação, avaliadas como satisfatórias pelos gestores, percebe-se uma intensificação das discussões na agenda política envolvendo o microcrédito, tendo o CrediAmigo como referência.O trabalho, portanto, fomenta as discussões acerca do ciclo político enquanto estrutura de visualização e interpretação de ações de interesse público. No caso em questão, o quadro do ciclo político constitui-se em referência para descrever o Programa CrediAmigo ao longo de seu processo de estruturação, evidenciando o planejamento das ações e o modo como as mesmas foram executadas.
Cultura, Identidade e Gênero: Tecendo a Rede de Mulheres de Comunidades Extrativistas e Pesqueiras do Sul da Bahia
Authors: Ettinger Valéria Marques Tavares de Menezes , Jesus Junior Guilhardes , Setenta Aline Maron , Cavalcante Aniran Lins
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre o processo de formação da identidade das Pescadoras e Marisqueiras inseridas na área da Reserva Extrativista de Canavieiras, a partir dos seus componentes culturais, sejam eles reais ou simbólicos, representativos da realidade social a que pertencem. Tal discussão torna-se relevante na medida em que essa experiência possa servir de modelo para outras realidades semelhantes, tornando-se ponto de partida para novas vivências e implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para a consolidação dos direitos da mulher, portanto, indicadoras de equidade de gênero. Buscou-se, como caminho de construção, a revisão da literatura existente, para contribuir com o embasamento teórico a respeito dos temas cultura, identidade de gênero e capital social, bem como a análise de relatórios e realização de oficina entre lideranças da Rede.
FATORES DETERMINANTES DO PAGAMENTO DE DIVIDENDOS DE EMPRESAS LISTADAS EM BOLSA
Authors: Kaveski Itzhak David Simão , Carpes Antonio Maria da Silva , Moraes Thais Maximino , Zittei Marcus Vinicius Moreira
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste estudo é examinar os fatores que determinam a decisão de pagar dividendos de empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. O estudo foi desenvolvido com base na Teoria da Sinalização. A pesquisa justifica-se pela relação existente entre política de dividendos e as decisões financeiras das companhias, haja vista que é alavancagem, fluxo de investimentos, caixa, entre outros indicadores financeiros determinam o pagamento de dividendos. A amostra pesquisada contemplou 96 companhias listadas na BM&FBovespa, exceto as classificadas no setor econômico “Financeiro e Outros”, devido às características singulares de suas atividades, constituindo-se um total de 480 observações no período de 2010 a 2014, com aplicação da técnica de Regressão Logística Binominal de Dados em Painel. Foram utilizadas no estudo como variáveis explicativas alavancagem, crescimento, liquidez, tamanho e rentabilidade. Conclui-se que no caso brasileiro, a Alavancagem, Liquidez e Rentabilidade, são os fatores determinantes do pagamento de dividendos de empresas brasileiras listadas em bolsa.
DEMONSTRAÇÃO DO VALOR ADICIONADO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A EVIDENCIAÇÃO DAS NOTAS EXPLICATIVAS À LUZ DO CPC00R1 E DO CPC09
Authors: Maceira Fernanda Fernandes , Lyrio Eduardo Felicíssimo , Almeida Sidmar Roberto Vieira
Published: August 2017

Este artigo desenvolve um estudo sobre a Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA), com o objetivo de investigar como as informações dos relatórios contábeis-financeiros podem auxiliar no entendimento da DVA, do ponto de vista do usuário externo, em atendimento ao Pronunciamento Conceitual Básico – Estrutura Conceitual para Elaboração e Divulgação do Relatório contábil-financeiro (CPC 00 R1, 2011) e Pronunciamento Técnico – Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (CPC 09, 2008). Com isso, foi realizada uma análise qualitativa através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, fazendo uso dos relatórios contábeis-financeiros das empresas selecionadas, disponibilizados pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM).  Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de informações adicionais para a melhor compreensão e comparação das DVAs. Sendo assim, conclui-se que o incentivo pelo uso de notas explicativas é fundamental para a melhor compreensão das informações e para auxiliar na tomada de decisão dos diversos usuários contábeis.
Influence of Superparameterization and a Higher‐Order Turbulence Closure on Rainfall Bias Over Amazonia in Community Atmosphere Model Version 5
Authors: Zhang Kai , Fu Rong , Shaikh Muhammad J. , Ghan Steven , Wang Minghuai , Leung L. Ruby , Dickinson Robert E. , Marengo Jose
Published: August 2017

We evaluate the Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 (CAM5) with a higher‐order turbulence closure scheme, named Cloud Layers Unified By Binomials (CLUBB), and a Multiscale Modeling Framework, referred to as the “superparameterization” (SP) with two different microphysics configurations to investigate their influences on rainfall simulations over southern Amazonia. The two different microphysics configurations in SP are the one‐moment cloud microphysics without aerosol treatment (SP1) and two‐moment cloud microphysics coupled with aerosol treatment (SP2). Results show that both SP2 and CLUBB effectively reduce the low biases of rainfall, mainly during the wet season, and reduce low biases of humidity in the lower troposphere with further reduced shallow clouds and increased surface solar flux. These changes increase moist static energy in the lower atmosphere and contribute to stronger convection and more rainfall. SP2 appears to realistically capture the observed increase of relative humidity prior to deep convection, and it significantly increases rainfall in the afternoon; CLUBB significantly delays the afternoon peak rainfall and produces more precipitation in the early morning, due to more gradual transition between shallow and deep convection. In CAM5 and CAM5 with CLUBB, occurrence of more deep convection appears to be a result of stronger heating rather than higher relative humidity.
Sodium‐Salt‐Promoted Growth of Self‐Supported Copper Oxides with Comparative Supercapacitive Properties
Authors: Chen Jun Song , Huang Song Peng , Xu Le , Blackwood Daniel John
Published: August 2017

In this work, we developed a facile hydrothermal system to synthesize self‐supported copper oxides with different nanostructures. In this system, we used copper foam as both the substrate and the copper source, and selected a wide range of sodium salts to serve as directing agents, promoting the formation of copper oxide with different nanostructures. We first show that, at 30 mM of sodium fluoride, we can successfully grow nanocubes on the copper foam substrate that comprise both CuO and Cu2O. Such a mixed composition is unique among the investigated salts. However, if a lower concentration of NaF or a different salt is used, Cu2O nanocrystals of different structures, such as nanoplatelets or irregular particles, can be obtained. When these samples were tested in supercapacitors, they demonstrated contrasting pseudocapacitive properties where the initial mixed Cu2O/CuO nanocube sample demonstrated a very stable reversible capacitance of about 400 mF cm−2 for 1600 cycles. This is significantly higher than that for the other samples, as well as advantageous compared to other copper‐oxide‐based electrode materials. The impedance analysis suggested that such a performance could be attributed to the low diffusion resistance of this sample.
Di(hydroperoxy)alkane Adducts of Phosphine Oxides: Safe, Solid, Stoichiometric, and Soluble Oxidizing Agents
Authors: Ahn Shin Hye , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Blümel Janet
Published: August 2017

The di(hydroperoxy)alkane adducts of phosphine oxides 1–9, Ph3PO⋅(HOO)2CMe2, Cy3PO⋅(HOO)2CMe2, Ph3PO⋅ (HOO)2CMeEt, Cy3PO⋅(HOO)2CMeEt, Cy3PO⋅(HOO)2CEt2, Cy3PO⋅ (HOO)2C(CH2)5, Cy3PO⋅(HOO)2CMePh, (Ph2P(O)CH2CH2P(O)Ph2)⋅ ((HOO)2CEt2)2, and Ph2P(O)CH2P(O)Ph2⋅(HOO)2CMe2, respectively, are synthesized and fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR, and IR spectroscopies. Single crystal X‐ray structures are reported for 3–9. Different one‐pot synthetic pathways, starting from R3P, R3PO, R3PO⋅H2O, and R3PO⋅H2O2 are explored and discussed and a mechanism for the formation of the di(hydroperoxy)alkane adducts of phosphine oxides is suggested. The longevity of the adducts is tested by monitoring the oxidation of Ph3P with quantitative NMR. The solubilities of the adducts in organic solvents are presented, and their applicability as stoichiometric oxidizing agents for the selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides is reported.
Animating static objects by illusion‐based projection mapping
Authors: Fukiage Taiki , Kawabe Takahiro , Sawayama Masataka , Nishida Shin'ya
Published: August 2017

By applying scientific knowledge about human visual processing, we have recently developed a light projection technique, called Deformation Lamps, which can add a variety of illusory, yet realistic distortions, to a wide range of static projection targets. In this paper, to explain how Deformation Lamps works, we first describe its basic algorithm and related human visual processing. We then describe the latest version of the Deformation Lamps system. It is a ready‐to‐use application that automatically finds projection targets and projects motion‐inducer patterns in alignment with images or textures on the targets' surfaces. The application also supports interactive editing of animation contents.
Entorhinal and transentorhinal atrophy in mild cognitive impairment using longitudinal diffeomorphometry
Authors: Tward Daniel J. , Sicat Chelsea S. , Brown Timothy , Bakker Arnold , Gallagher Michela , Albert Marilyn , Miller Michael ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Autopsy findings have shown the entorhinal cortex and transentorhinal cortex are among the earliest sites of accumulation of pathology in patients developing Alzheimer's disease.

Methods

Here, we study this region in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (n = 36) and in control subjects (n = 16). The cortical areas are manually segmented, and local volume and shape changes are quantified using diffeomorphometry, including a novel mapping procedure that reduces variability in anatomic definitions over time.

Results

We find significant thickness and volume changes localized to the transentorhinal cortex through high field strength atlasing.

Discussion

This demonstrates that in vivo neuroimaging biomarkers can detect these early changes among subjects with mild cognitive impairment.
“Stiction Syndrome”: Non-Operative Management of Patients with Difficult AMS 700 Series Inflation
Authors: Kavoussi Nicholas L. , Viers Boyd R. , VanDyke Maia E. , Pagliara Travis J. , Morey Allen F.
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Static friction (stiction) is a mechanical phenomenon in which a state of increased resistance exists across a control valve mechanism.

Aim

To present a strategy for non-operative management of inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) cases with pump malfunction from pump valve stiction.

Methods

All patients had American Medical Systems (AMS; Minnetonka, MN, USA) 700 series Momentary Squeeze IPPs with transient pump malfunction owing to pump valve stiction after extended periods of device inactivity.

Main Outcome Measures

Our evolving non-operative management experience with the “forced deflation” maneuver is described. This technique has successfully prevented the need for surgical pump replacement. Of patients with IPP who were instructed to inflate and deflate daily to prevent stiction recurrence, none have re-presented with difficult inflation.

Results

Of 306 patients receiving the AMS 700 series IPP at our institution from 2007 through 2015, 6 (1.9%) presented with difficulty activating the Momentary Squeeze pump (from 2011 through 2015). Four additional patients were referred from outside institutions with the same complaint. All patients (10 of 10, 100%) presented after a prolonged period of inactivity (minimum = 6 weeks) during which the IPP was not cycled and remained stagnant. Although the initial four patients (40%) underwent surgical exploration with pump mobilization and replacement, the six most recent patients (60%) were successfully instructed in the forced deflation maneuver in the office, which enabled the device to cycle normally thereafter.

Conclusion

Device inactivity, for as little as 6 weeks, can predispose to Momentary Squeeze pump valve malfunction; and a regimen of daily IPP cycling could prevent stiction-related malfunction. Our findings should encourage practitioners to attempt conservative management of patients with “stiction syndrome” whenever possible, thereby avoiding unnecessary surgery.
Different Characteristics of the Female Sexual Function Index in a Sample of Sexually Active and Inactive Women
Authors: Hevesi Krisztina , Mészáros Veronika , Kövi Zsuzsanna , Márki Gabriella , Szabó Marianna
Published: August 2017

Background

The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a widely used measurement tool to assess female sexual function along the six dimensions of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. However, the structure of the questionnaire is not clear, and several studies have found high correlations among the dimensions, indicating that a common underlying “sexual function” factor might be present.

Aim

To investigate whether female sexual function is best understood as a multidimensional construct or, alternatively, whether a common underlying factor explains most of the variance in FSFI scores, and to investigate the possible effect of the common practice of including sexually inactive women in studies using the FSFI.

Methods

The sample consisted of 508 women: 202 university students, 177 patients with endometriosis, and 129 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Participants completed the FSFI, and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the underlying structure of this instrument in the total sample and in samples including sexually active women only.

Outcomes

The FSFI is a multidimensional self-report questionnaire composed of 19 items.

Results

Strong positive correlations were found among five of the six original factors on the FSFI. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that in the total sample items loaded mainly on the general sexual function factor and very little variance was explained by the specific factors. However, when only sexually active women were included in the analyses, a clear factor structure emerged, with items loading on their six specific factors, and most of the variance in FSFI scores was explained by the specific factors, rather than the general factor. University students reported higher scores, indicating better functioning compared with the patient samples.

Clinical Translation

The reliable and valid assessment of female sexual function can contribute to better understanding, prevention, and treatment of different sexual difficulties and dysfunctions.

Strengths and Limitations

This study provides a rigorous statistical test of the structure of the FSFI and an explicit decision rule for categorizing sexually inactive women. Limitations include a lack of control over the circumstances of data collection.

Conclusion

This study supports the use of the FSFI as a multidimensional measurement of female sexual function but highlights the need to establish clear decision rules for the inclusion or exclusion of sexually active and inactive respondents.
WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
Authors: Müller Wolfgang
Published: August 2017

Panels and the WTO Appellate Body have rendered a large number of complex and lengthy rulings on the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. The reasoning behind these rulings is often intimately linked to the underlying facts of a particular case and the methods of litigation adopted by the parties. Without guidance, it is difficult to find and research a specific subsidy issue quickly. This book provides an essential article-by-article commentary on the Agreement and sets out the law as it emerges from this body of rulings, providing the legal basis for further analysis of subsidy disciplines within the realms of economics and political science. It also includes a useful summary of the negotiating history and the links to other WTO Agreements such as GATT 1994. This important reference work will appeal to international trade lawyers, government officials, researchers, students of international trade law, business associations and NGOs.
Non-Muslim Provinces under Early Islam
Authors: Vacca Alison
Published: August 2017

Eighth- and ninth-century Armenia and Caucasian Albania were largely Christian provinces of the then Islamic Caliphate. Although they formed a part of the Iranian cultural sphere, they are often omitted from studies of both Islamic and Iranian History. In this book, Alison Vacca uses Arabic and Armenian texts to explore these Christian provinces as part of the Caliphate, identifying elements of continuity from Sasanian to caliphal rule, and, more importantly, expounding on significant moments of change in the administration of the Marwanid and early Abbasid periods. Vacca examines historical narrative and the construction of a Sasanian cultural memory during the late ninth and tenth centuries to place the provinces into a broader context of Iranian rule. This book will be of benefit to historians of Islam, Iran and the Caucasus, but will also appeal to those studying themes of Iranian identity and Muslim-Christian relations in the Near East.
Transformative Service Research as an Exemplar for Humanitarian I-O Psychology
Authors: Subramony Mahesh
Published: August 2017

The focal article (Gloss, Carr, Reichman, Abdul-Nasiru, & Oesterich, 2017) highlights the neglect of individual and societal well-being concerns in I-O psychology theory and practice. A similar concern is currently being articulated within the interdisciplinary field of services (i.e., service management, services marketing, and service science) with the identification of critical underrepresented issues including economic disparities in healthcare, food deserts in poor urban locations, racial-ethnic discrimination in retail, discriminatory practices in lending, lack of access to basic quality-of-life services among poor “base of the pyramid” populations, and the underemphasis of employee and consumer health in service design and delivery (e.g., Fisk et al., 2016; Rosenbaum et al., 2011). Originating in a call for improving consumer well-being through academic research (Mick, 2006), transformative service research (TSR) is now recognized as a key research priority in services (Ostrom, Parasuraman, Bowen, Patricio, & Voss, 2015). Indicators of the scholarly interest in this topic include but are not limited to the following: (a) a seminal article in this research stream (Anderson et al., 2013) has been cited an average of 40 timeseach yearsince its publication, (b) multiple special issues have appeared in service-related journals (Journal of Business ResearchandJournal of Service Research), and (c) special conferences have been organized to examine transformative issues. It can be argued that a humanitarian or POSH agenda in I-O psychology can be informed by TSR while deriving its sustenance from our time tested scientist–practitioner traditions. Some of the key lessons that can be learned from the current trajectory of TSR evolution are discussed in this article.
Humanistic I-O Psychology: The Value of a Focus on Women
Authors: Saari Lise
Published: August 2017

The focal article by Gloss, Carr, Reichman, Abdul-Nasiru, and Oestereich (2017) makes a very convincing case that industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology as a profession needs to consider a realignment—from one focused primarily on professional workers in Western companies to the wider world of workers, especially those in poverty.
Minimizing the POSH Bias Through Education: Necessity of the “How-To” Component
Authors: Oliveira Justina M.
Published: August 2017

Gloss, Carr, Reichman, Abdul-Nasiru, and Oestereich (2017) neglected the “how-to” component of their proposal for increasing humanitarian efforts in the field of industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. Implementing change at an earlier point in the education process, through social justice awareness and applied service learning, is likely to lead to a more robust and fruitful shift away from a POSH bias compared to an attempt at persuading those currently in the field to adopt this change after their training (although I would never argue that the latter is utterly irrelevant). I hold an unwavering conviction that a natural route toward change would be to ensure that I-O psychology educators are explicitly focusing on the humanitarian workplace movement within our courses and that I-O professionals in organizations aid this cause by encouraging a humanitarian perspective as they train their newly hired, fresh-faced I-O graduates. The purposeful threading of humanitarian goals into I-O psychology education, in large part through service learning or civic education, is the key to our effectiveness. Without such a focus in the beginning stratum of I-O psychologists’ training, our other well-intentioned attempts at shifting the field's focus toward humanitarian concerns may be in vain. Below, I offer suggestions to reach this goal.
Empirical Benchmarks for Interpreting Effect Size Variability in Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wiernik Brenton M. , Kostal Jack W. , Wilmot Michael P. , Dilchert Stephan , Ones Deniz S.
Published: August 2017

Generalization in meta-analyses is not a dichotomous decision (typically encountered in papers using the Q test for homogeneity, the 75% rule, or null hypothesis tests). Inattention to effect size variability in meta-analyses may stem from a lack of guidelines for interpreting credibility intervals. In this commentary, we describe two methods for making practical interpretations and determining whether a particular SDρ represents a meaningful level of variability.
‘Shiny shoes’ for the city: the public abattoir and the reform of meat supply in imperial Moscow
Authors: MAZANIK ANNA
Published: August 2017

In the nineteenth century, meat production underwent radical changes, turning into a mass-scale and industrial process that was based on the new norms of hygiene and veterinary medicine. Anthropologists and cultural historians have pointed out that, in a western European context, this also entailed the marginalization of the slaughterhouses, which were excluded from urban life and made anonymous and invisible. This article examines the case of the Moscow public abattoir (1886–88) and argues that, instead of being marginalized, it emerged as one of the city's landmarks due to its important symbolic role in the Russian discussions on modernization and ‘Europeanness’.
Strategies for public health initiatives targeting dairy consumption in young children: a qualitative formative investigation of parent perceptions
Authors: Jung Mary E , Bourne Jessica E , Buchholz Andrea , Martin Ginis Kathleen A
Published: August 2017

Objective

Dairy products contain essential nutrients to ensure healthy growth and bone development in children. However, a significant proportion of children in developed countries fail to consume the daily recommended intake of dairy products. Parents are the gatekeepers of familial nutritional intake and represent a potential vehicle through which to increase dairy consumption in children. As such, formative research was conducted to gain insight into parents’ perceived barriers to and benefits of purchasing and consuming dairy products and to develop innovative message content that could be utilized in future public health campaigns.

Design

Seven in-depth group interviews were conducted in two phases between February and May 2015.

Setting

Interviews were conducted in local recreational centres and libraries in British Columbia, Canada.

Subjects

Mothers (n21, mean age 38 (sd5) years) and fathers (n9, mean age 38 (sd3) years) of children aged 4–10 years.

Results

Parents perceived both positive and negative physical outcomes associated with consuming dairy. Lack of trustworthy information was a frequently discussed barrier theme to purchasing and consuming dairy products. Mothers were concerned about the cost of dairy products. Differences in purchasing and consumption strategies were reported between parents of children who consumed adequate dairy and those who did not. Parents believed the most appropriate communication channel was through print material.

Conclusions

Messages targeting parents, as a means of increasing dairy consumption in children, should address barriers identified by parents. In addition, practical tips should be provided to promote purchasing and consumption of dairy products.
When you must forget: Beyond strong persistence when forgetting in answer set programming
Authors: GONÇALVES RICARDO , KNORR MATTHIAS , LEITE JOÃO , WOLTRAN STEFAN
Published: August 2017

Among the myriad of desirable properties discussed in the context of forgetting in Answer Set Programming,strong persistencenaturally captures its essence. Recently, it has been shown that it is not always possible to forget a set of atoms from a program while obeying this property, and a precise criterion regarding what can be forgotten has been presented, accompanied by a class of forgetting operators that return the correct result when forgetting is possible. However, it is an open question what to do when we have to forget a set of atoms, but cannot without violating this property. In this paper, we address this issue and investigate three natural alternatives to forget when forgetting without violating strong persistence is not possible, which turn out to correspond to the different possible relaxations of the characterization of strong persistence. Additionally, we discuss their preferable usage, shed light on the relation between forgetting and notions of relativized equivalence established earlier in the context of Answer Set Programming, and present a detailed study on their computational complexity.
Sargassum muticum and Jania rubens regulate amino acid metabolism to improve growth and alleviate salinity in chickpea
Authors: Abdel Latef Arafat Abdel Hamed , Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Saber Hani , Alwaleed Eman A. , Tran Lam-Son Phan
Published: August 2017

The present study evaluates the potential of Sargassum muticum (Sar) and Jania rubens (Jan) seaweeds for enhancing growth and mitigating soil-salinity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Under control conditions, Sar and Jan extracts improved chickpea growth which was attributed to their potential for increasing photosynthetic pigments, K+ and amino acids, particularly proline, in comparison with water-sprayed control. Upon stress imposition, chickpea growth was reduced in NaCl concentration-dependent manner, and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed Na+ accumulation and oxidative damage as major determinants of sensitivity at high salinity. Furthermore, amino acid quantification indicated activation/deactivation of overall metabolism in roots/shoots, as an adaptive strategy, for maintaining plant growth under salt stress. Sar and Jan extract supplementations provided stress amelioration, and PCA confirmed that improved growth parameters at high salinity were associated with enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Besides, four key amino acids, including serine, threonine, proline and aspartic acids, were identified from roots which maximally contribute to Sar- and Jan-mediated stress amelioration. Sar showed higher effectiveness than Jan under both control and salt stress conditions. Our findings highlight “bio-stimulant” properties of two seaweeds and provide mechanistic insight into their salt-ameliorating action which is relevant for both basic and applied research.
Amixicile, a novel strategy for targeting oral anaerobic pathogens
Authors: Hutcherson Justin A. , Sinclair Kathryn M. , Belvin Benjamin R. , Gui Qin , Hoffman Paul S. , Lewis Janina P.
Published: August 2017

The oral microflora is composed of both health-promoting as well as disease-initiating bacteria. Many of the disease-initiating bacteria are anaerobic and include organisms such asPorphyromonas gingivalis,Prevotella intermedia,Fusobacterium nucleatum, andTannerella forsythia. Here we investigated a novel therapeutic, amixicile, that targets pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), a major metabolic enzyme involved in energy generation through oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. PFOR is present in these anaerobic pathogenic bacteria and thus we hypothesized that amixicile would effectively inhibit their growth. In general, PFOR is present in all obligate anaerobic bacteria, while oral commensal aerobes, including aerotolerant ones, such asStreptococcus gordonii, use pyruvate dehydrogenase to decarboxylate pyruvate. Accordingly, we observed that growth of the PFOR-containing anaerobic periodontal pathogens, grown in both monospecies as well as multispecies broth cultures was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner while that ofS.gordoniiwas unaffected. Furthermore, we also show that amixicile is effective against these pathogens grown as monospecies and multispecies biofilms. Finally, amixicile is the first selective therapeutic agent active against bacteria internalized by host cells. Together, the results show that amixicile is an effective inhibitor of oral anaerobic bacteria and as such, is a good candidate for treatment of periodontal diseases.
Maternal Habitual Midday Napping Duration and Frequency are Associated with High Birthweight
Authors: Zheng Xiaoxuan , Zhang Lina , Shen Lijun , Song Lulu , Li Hui , Liu Bingqing , Li Yuanyuan , Xia Wei , Zhang Bin , Xu Shunqing , Wang Youjie
Published: August 2017

Habitual midday napping is a common habit in China, especially for pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to examine whether duration and frequency of maternal habitual midday napping were associated with high birthweight (HBW). A total of 10,482 participants from Healthy Baby Cohort were include in our analysis. The information of the mothers and their infants were abstracted from medical records, or obtained from questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of habitual midday napping duration and frequency with HBW. Of the participants, 8,705 (83.0%) reported having habitual midday napping. Duration and frequency of napping had a positive association with HBW without adjustment. After controlling for potential confounders, increasing risk of HBW was observed in participants who napped 1.5–2 hours (OR, 1.50, 95% CI, 1.14, 1.98), and ≥2 hours (OR, 1.35, 95% CI, 1.03, 1.78) compared with no habitual midday napping. Participants who took naps ≥5 days/week had a higher risk of HBW (OR, 1.37, 95% CI, 1.07, 1.77) compared with the women without naps. This suggests that longer (≥1.5 hours) and more frequent (≥5 days/week) maternal habitual midday napping were associated with an increased risk of HBW.
Inter-Patient ECG Heartbeat Classification with Temporal VCG Optimized by PSO
Authors: Garcia Gabriel , Moreira Gladston , Menotti David , Luz Eduardo
Published: August 2017

Classifying arrhythmias can be a tough task for a human being and automating this task is highly desirable. Nevertheless fully automatic arrhythmia classification through Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is a challenging task when the inter-patient paradigm is considered. For the inter-patient paradigm, classifiers are evaluated on signals of unknown subjects, resembling the real world scenario. In this work, we explore a novel ECG representation based on vectorcardiogram (VCG), called temporal vectorcardiogram (TVCG), along with a complex network for feature extraction. We also fine-tune the SVM classifier and perform feature selection with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Results for the inter-patient paradigm show that the proposed method achieves the results comparable to state-of-the-art in MIT-BIH database (53% of Positive predictive (+P) for the Supraventricular ectopic beat (S) class and 87.3% of Sensitivity (Se) for the Ventricular ectopic beat (V) class) that TVCG is a richer representation of the heartbeat and that it could be useful for problems involving the cardiac signal and pattern recognition.
Unravelling a stearidonic acid-rich triacylglycerol biosynthetic pathway in the developing seeds of Buglossoides arvensis: A transcriptomic landscape
Authors: Sreedhar R. V. , Prasad P. , Reddy L. Prasanna Anjaneya , Rajasekharan Ram , Srinivasan Malathi
Published: August 2017

Buglossoides arvensis is an emerging oilseed crop that is rich in stearidonic acid (SDA) and has several potential applications in human health and nutrition. The molecular basis of SDA biosynthesis in this plant remains unknown due to lack of genomic information. To unravel key genes involved in SDA-rich triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis, we performed transcriptome sequencing of pooled mRNA from five different developmental stages of B. arvensis seeds using Illumina NextSeq platform. De novo transcriptome assembly generated 102,888 clustered transcripts from 39.83 million high-quality reads. Of these, 62.1% and 55.54% of transcripts were functionally annotated using Uniprot-Viridiplantae and KOG databases, respectively. A total of 10,021 SSR-containing sequences were identified using the MISA tool. Deep mining of transcriptome assembly using in silico tools led to the identification of genes involved in fatty acid and TAG biosynthesis. Expression profiling of 17 key transcripts involved in fatty acid desaturation and TAG biosynthesis showed expression patterns specific to the development stage that positively correlated with polyunsaturated fatty acid accumulation in the developing seeds. This first comprehensive transcriptome analysis provides the basis for future research on understanding molecular mechanisms of SDA-rich TAG accumulation in B. arvensis and aids in biotechnological production of SDA in other oilseed crops.
Prediction of miRNA-disease Associations using an Evolutionary Tuned Latent Semantic Analysis
Authors: Pallez Denis , Gardès Julien , Pasquier Claude
Published: August 2017

MicroRNAs, small non-coding elements implied in gene regulation, are very interesting biomarkers for various diseases such as cancers. They represent potential prodigious biotechnologies for early diagnosis and gene therapies. However, experimental verification of microRNA-disease associations are time-consuming and costly, so that computational modeling is a proper solution. Previously, we designed MiRAI, a predictive method based on distributional semantics, to identify new associations between microRNA molecules and human diseases. Our preliminary results showed very good prediction scores compared to other available methods. However, MiRAI performances depend on numerous parameters that cannot be tuned manually. In this study, a parallel evolutionary algorithm is proposed for finding an optimal configuration of our predictive method. The automatically parametrized version of MiRAI achieved excellent performance. It highlighted new miRNA-disease associations, especially the potential implication of mir-188 and mir-795 in various diseases. In addition, our method allowed to detect several putative false associations contained in the reference database.