bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method for Ensuring Timely Submission of Information Resources to the Management Bodies of the Corporate Management System due to the Transformation of the Initial Physical Structure of the Heterogeneous ITCS
Authors:   Military Academy of Communication Orders of Zhukov and Lenin Named After Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budyonny, Smirnov I. Yu.
Published: September 2023

The method of transformation of the initial physical structure of the information and telecommunication system is proposed to increase the timeliness of presenting information resources to the management bodies of the corporate management system. The developed methodology makes it possible to create an infotelecommunication system of the corporate control system, which, under the conditions of predicted impacts, ensures that management bodies receive information services of a given quality in the required time, by changing the logical routes of information directions. The essence of the method is to create the required number of logical routes, with a given degree of intersection of the component elements, by creating targeted redundancy in the original physical structure due to the deployment of additional infotelecommunication elements in reasonable locations.
The Status of the German Language in Modern Germany: a Brief Description of the Language Policy in the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Alekseenko E. S.
Published: September 2023

Introduction.  This  article  is  devoted  to  the  modern  language  policy  in  Germany.  An analysis of intra- and extra-linguistic factors  that influence  the steps  taken by the state  in relation  to  the  languages  spoken  on  the  territory  of  the  country  makes  it possible  to characterize the  position  and  status  of  the  language  of  the  titular  nation  in Germany. Consideration   of   the   current   situation   can   help   to   draw  a   conclusion   about   the effectiveness   of   the    implemented    language   policy,   suggest    further    ways   of   the development  of the German  language, and also understand  the underlying causes  of the evolution of the language and its current state.

Methodology and sources. The article is based  on the results  of the analysis of modern studies  of  the  role,  status  and  specifics  of  the  German  language  by such  linguists and philologists as Yu.V. Kobenko, S.A. Zhilyuk, V.I. Kozhevnikova, A. Kirkness, W. Hendelmeier, as well as the analysis of the main laws and legal acts in Germany regulating its language policy. For a more  complete  description  of the  studied  phenomenon, the  classic  works of N.B. Vakhtin, E.V. Golovko, A.D. Schweitzer,  L.B. Nikolskiy devoted  to  language  policy, were considered.

Results and discussion. Language policy is a powerful tool of social control.  Due to the specifics   of  the  formation   of  a  unified  German  state,   it  is  possible   to  talk  about   a systematically  implemented  language  policy only from the  end of the  19th  century - the moment  the German  Empire was founded.  The current  position of the German  language in Germany is determined  by many extralinguistic factors, both diachronically (primarily by the  role  and  position  of the  Third Reich in world history) and  synchronically  (the  trend towards intensive cultural dialogue, openness of borders,  priority support for the rights of linguistic minorities).

Conclusion. At   the   moment,    the   German   language   is   affected    by   the   values   of multiculturalism  and  pluralism cultivated in Europe  and  the  actively ongoing  process  of globalization. Recognizing the  importance  of the  German  language  in the  process  of the formation  of German cultural identity, the German government  is forced to focus primarily on  supporting  other  languages  and  dialects  common  in the  country.  The  question   of supporting and securing the German language as a state  language at the legislative level is still to be discussed.
Impact of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance of Selected Insurance Companies in India
Authors: Mondal Indrajit , Mandal Dr. Biswambhar
Published: September 2023

Corporate Governance is the coalescence of rules, laws, processes by which businesses are regulated, operated and controlled. In-essence, corporate governance entails stabilizing the interests of the stakeholders of a company, such as investors, customers, employees, suppliers, communities, governments, or trade associations and the society as a whole. The rudimentary principles of corporate governance are accountability, transparency, fairness, and responsibility. In this study, we have tried to analyze the impact of corporate governance on the financial performance of the Indian insurance industry. For this purpose, a sample of 10 insurance companies has been selected among 56 insurance companies operating in India as per IRDA Annual Report (2021-22) from the accounting year 2018-19 to 2022-23 (5 years) using Purposive Sampling method. This study is fully based on secondary data, derived from annual reports, public disclosures, financial statements of IRDA and selected insurance companies. For analyzing the data, we have used correlation and multiple regression techniques. This study found that Board Mix and Independent Directors are positively and Female Board Members and CEO Duality are negatively associated with the financial performance of the Indian insurance industry.
Pembuatan Gum Xanthan dengan Proses Fermentasi dari Hidrolisat Selulosa Eceng Gondok dan Penerapannya dalam Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Ramadhan Handi , Arif Dharmawan Wahyu , Susilowati Titi
Published: September 2023

Water hyacinth is a freshwater plant that has a negative impact on waters, but has a high cellulose content (77.6%) and is still underutilized. One alternative in controlling the amount of water hyacinth is to utilize its potential cellulose content as an ingredient in xanthan gum. Fermentation was carried out with the help of Xanthomonas campestris and xanthan gum was obtained, which can be used as a polymer injection material to increase crude oil production in the oil refinery industry. The stages to obtain xanthan gum are delignification, hydrolysis, and anaerobic fermentation (28 °C) with a time variation of 24 hours to 120 hours with an interval of 24 hours. The cellulose hydrolysate variable is 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%. The yield of xanthan gum in this research was 18%, with a moisture content was 13% – 15% and an ash content was 3% –3.9%. The resulting xanthan gum was analyzed for its functional groups using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and was in agreement with commercial xathan gum.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF CROP PRODUCTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MARITAL STATUS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Shust Olena
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the economic aspects of the production of plant products in the conditions of the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. In the process of research, the main factors that negatively affect the cultivation of agricultural crops in subjects of entrepreneurial activity in the field of agrarian business and households were identified. We believe that taking into account the negative experience of the past years, most agricultural enterprises will revise their production strategy, which will lead to a significant change in crop rotation. The research results prove that the current situation in the field of land reclamation is defined as critical, characterized by the continuous reduction of irrigated lands, the deterioration of the technical condition of the systems and the ecological and land reclamation condition of the soil. The main reason here is the actual termination of state funding of capital expenditures for the construction and reconstruction of reclamation facilities in recent years. It should be noted that on the lands affected by the destruction of the Kakhovskaya HPP, two main blocks of production were grown, one of them being vegetable and melon crops. The second block is grain and oil crops: soybean, corn, sunflower, wheat. Without a source of water supply, it is impossible to grow vegetable crops. The production of grain and oil crops will be carried out in a minority of farms in the corporate sector of the agrarian economy according to the extensive model, which will lead to a decrease in their productivity. Currently, it is necessary to lay scientifically-based foundations for the diversification of the industry with a focus on the production of plant products with high added value, their processing and further sale on both the domestic and foreign markets of food products, which will be competitive both in terms of price and quality. The production and processing of agricultural products should be developed according to the principle of circular economy. Entities of entrepreneurial activity in the field of agrarian business must become components of a full cycle with waste-free and renewable production, which includes full processing of product residues, use of environmentally friendly innovative technologies, effective use of soils depending on their quality characteristics and purpose. We believe that the general direction of the production of agricultural products should focus on using the advantages of agro-ecological practices: precision farming, the use of crop rotations and a biologically diverse polycultural approach in crop production. In addition, domestic agricultural enterprises demonstrate great potential for the development of organic farming.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE FINANCIAL MECHANISM OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE PENSION SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk Education and Research Institute of Management West Ukrainian National University, Synytsia Svitlana , Fursa Tetiana ,   Ivano-Frankivsk Education and Research Institute of Management West Ukrainian National University, Кorol Dmytro ,   Ivano-Frankivsk Education and Research Institute of Management West Ukrainian National University
Published: September 2023

The article examines the essence of the pension system of Ukraine and its equality. It was determined that a mandatory condition for the organization of any pension system is the creation of a legal, organizational and financial basis by the state to ensure the effective functioning of the pension system. It is characterized that a general system of mandatory state pension provision has been created in Ukraine, which provides for the accrual of pension contributions to a special pension fund. Aspects of the financial mechanism of pension funds in Ukraine are defined. The financial mechanism of pension funds in Ukraine is characterized, which includes such aspects as: mandatory pension contributions; storage system; support of non-state pension funds; investment of pension funds. The main tasks of the PF of Ukraine have been determined. An analysis of indicators of the implementation of the budget of the Pension Fund of Ukraine for 2019–2022, the dynamics of income of the Pension Fund of Ukraine for 2019–2022, as well as the dynamics of the number of pensioners for 2019–2022 was carried out. The analysis showed an increase in the costs of PFU, as well as a decrease in the number of pensioners. Ways to improve the financial mechanism of pension funds have been determined. The need and advantages of introducing a mandatory accumulative pension system as one of the ways to optimize the functioning of the pension system in Ukraine are substantiated. It was determined that the accumulation system provides that in addition to the state pension, which is paid from the state budget, citizens can also accumulate funds for their individual pension accounts, which are invested in various financial instruments. The implementation of the mandatory accumulative pension system requires detailed study and planning by the government and pension organizations. It is important to balance benefits and risks and ensure social justice for all citizens. It has been proven that the introduction of non-state pension funds in Ukraine will increase the possibilities of overcoming the crisis of the pension system, contribute to the improvement of the welfare of pensioners and stimulate the development of the financial market.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES AND ACCOUNTS PAYABLE IN THE CALCULATIONS SYSTEM: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Dolishnia Tetiana , Fedoriv Yulia ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study is to reveal certain methodological aspects of accounting for receivables and payables in order to improve the accounting information base in today's complex conditions. To achieve the goal, the tools of scientific research are applied, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (when posing a problem); comparison, systematization and theoretical generalization (during the comparative analysis of moments of recognition, termination of recognition, evaluation and reflection in financial statements of receivables and payables, as well as when determining the reserve of doubtful debts of receivables); graphic method for rational, compact, visual presentation of research material; the cause-and-effect method and the abstract-logical method were used in the development of directions for further research. The article examines the main methodological aspects of accounting for receivables and payables in the settlement system by comparing the recommendations of national and international standards. Improving the accounting of receivables and payables will allow to improve the settlement management system and ultimately the financial condition of the enterprise. A list of national and international standards that determine the methodological principles of accounting for receivables and payables is given. The main methodological aspects of displaying information about receivables and payables in national and international accounting practice were analyzed by comparing the recommendations of the standards. This is the recognition, termination of recognition, evaluation and reflection in the financial statements of receivables and payables, as well as the issue of determining the reserve of doubtful debts receivables. It is substantiated that the methodological aspects of national accounting of receivables and payables mainly correspond to international ones.. Differences have been established in terms of the definition and methods of assessment, creation of a reserve for doubtful debts ("expected credit losses") and requirements for disclosure of information in accounting reports. Prospects for further research are outlined, in particular, a thorough study of these differences through the prism of the possibility of implementing the requirements of international standards into national practice to improve the accounting information base in today's complex conditions.
SECLUDED REST AS A TOURIST MARKET TREND
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi National University named after Ivan Ohienko, Bazhenova Stefaniia
Published: September 2023

The article examines the tendency of the traveler to seek solitude with himself and his thoughts. Solitude has received a new wave of popularity on the international and domestic tourist market. There is an increasing rejection of mass group tours and trips (based on statistical data). According to a study by the World Travel and Tourism Council, about half of travelers worldwide traveled within their own country. In Ukraine, solo travel has doubled. According to the results of a survey conducted by the European Tourist Commission, the majority of Europeans in 2022 preferred short-term trips to less crowded, unfamiliar places, natural sites, national parks, rural settlements, protected areas. The issue of security is important. Travel insurance is always a good idea. The understanding of the role of a healthy lifestyle is growing. The importance of a healthy ecology is growing for solitary rest. This promotes interest in tourism in forest and rural regions, in particular, on weekends. There is an increase in demand for places where there is a balanced interaction of local residents and nature, hospitality and respect for privacy. Accordingly, the use of houses or separate apartments, tents is increasingly popular. All this affects the demand and supply of services in the tourist market. Secluded rest provides self-development and a unique experience of self-discovery, restoration of a person's physical and psychological health. It provides ample opportunities for self-reflection and growth with the joy of unlimited freedom. Unique design projects of houses, chalets or small hotels for comfortable seclusion in the forest or mountains, near water bodies or in the valley. Ukraine, thanks to its natural wealth, offers a choice of many ideal locations for seclusion from negative information and instability of the outside world to deepen your inner world. The importance of a healthy ecology of the country is growing for secluded recreation. Solo travel is becoming increasingly popular thanks to the internet, mobile apps and social media. They are used to obtain information or purchase any tourist services. Thus, the established trend will contribute to the construction of quality tourist products with selected customer segments.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE INTERNATIONAL PARITY CONDITIONS INFLUENCE ON EXCHANGE RATE AND CURRENCY RISK
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Yatsenko Valeria
Published: September 2023

Effective currency risk management is one of the most critical challenges for developing countries and emerging markets nowadays. Thus, it requires a comprehensive analysis of its causes, nature, factors, and possible consequences. Since the definition of a currency risk relates to unpredictable changes in exchange rates, its analysis means examining exchange rate volatility and formation. International parity conditions are one of the most straightforward and widespread approaches to explaining exchange rate formation. It includes purchasing power parity and interest parity. The first one is based on the law of one price and means the same purchasing power of currencies involved in buying a homogeneous product or a basket of goods in two countries under some conditions. Interest Rate Parity measures expected changes in nominal exchange rate by the difference in nominal interest rates at home and abroad. Nevertheless, clear theoretical foundations and empirical testing of theoretical assumptions have revealed contradictory results. It has led to several anomalies: Purchasing-Power-Parity Puzzle, Forward Premium Puzzle, and Forward Bias Puzzle. Despite all trials to solve the puzzles using new economic and econometric approaches to explain exchange rate volatility, there are constant and significant rebounds from theoretical models. Thus, we emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach to currency risk management that considers economic, political, and social factors. One possible method relates to improving existing models economically (adding new elements) or econometrically (applying the updated mathematical models). An alternative way is to analyze a currency risk as a systematic one depending on global factors. Consequently, the focus on exchange rate modeling and forecasting shifts to calculating and analyzing its premium. This approach might be the most prominent for the Ukrainian economy under postwar instability and fragility. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the complex world of currency risks and offers practical recommendations for managing these risks in an uncertain global economy.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 'LEAN MANUFACTURING' CONCEPT AS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSPORTATION COMPANY
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Boniar Svitlana
Published: September 2023

This article is dedicated to identifying the peculiarities of implementing the concept of "lean manufacturing" in the transportation industry as a method for improving performance indicators and the quality of transportation services. In the current era of global competition, success in the market can only be achieved by introducing innovative management concepts into a company's operations. It outlines the main types of losses identified by the "lean manufacturing" concept and suggests measures to eliminate them for transportation companies. In today's conditions, the primary task for transportation companies is to ensure their sustainable and efficient functioning. Given modern development trends, the most promising tool in this economic environment is "lean manufacturing." Economic development is a crucial component of a company's success, as it ensures the satisfaction of new consumer needs, enhances the organization's competitiveness, and strengthens its position on the international stage. It also creates conditions and a financial and technological base for further growth. The operation of any company is impossible without clear interaction among all processes in its system, including technological, technical, production, and management processes. The stages of the process of introducing "lean manufacturing" in the transport sector are studied. One of the most effective methods to enhance competitiveness and increase production process efficiency is the concept of "lean manufacturing", which has several significant advantages over other management and production organization methods. Intensive global competition, rapid technological changes, progress in manufacturing and information technologies, as well as demanding customers, force transportation companies to optimize processes, operations, and all possible activities to provide high-quality services in a short period. Considering current development trends, "lean manufacturing" is the most promising tool in the transportation industry under today's economic conditions. Therefore, let's delve into and thoroughly examine the features of this concept.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NASR SYSTEM, ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE "CHICKEN HUT" ENTERPRISE, AS ONE OF THE ELEMENTS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   State University ", Korsak Roman ,   Uzhhorod National University", Hushtan Tetiana ,   Uzhgorod Institute of Trade and Economics of State University of Trade and Economics, Malets Viktor ,   State University "Uzhhorod National University"
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the HACCP system at domestic food service enterprises, which has become relevant, especially in the context of Ukraine's integration into the European Union and its promotion to foreign production and service markets. After all, the problem of ensuring proper quality and safety of restaurant products, which is an important component of the secondary sector of the economy, which had acquired signs of promising growth in our country before the start of military aggression, has become acute. In order to integrate the HACCP system, an appropriate legislative framework has been developed which is aimed at establishing the requirements for the implementation of a food safety management system based on the HACCP principles, as well as the specifics of control and inspections which apply, in particular, to public relations related to the exercise of state control over the activities of market operators. The article analyzes the economic activities of the "Chicken HUT" restaurant chain in terms of implementation of the HACCP system. The authors emphasize that "Chicken HUT" is a chain of fast food restaurants which has been commercially successful in many cities of Ukraine. "Chicken HUT" confidently holds a leading position in its market segment, has a target audience and a proven concept. The authors of the article believe that "Chiken HUT" has built a fairly logical and effective scheme for providing its network with high-quality and safe components of a standardized menu, having removed the lion's share of the costs of creating an expensive production cycle from scratch and providing control and reporting systems. This is undoubtedly a big advantage for providing outlets with a proven and standardized set of ingredients. This allows to maintain a virtually uniform level of prices for products in the chain's outlets across Ukraine. In the context of the study, the authors of the article concluded that the company's success is due to the uniform standards for all restaurants of the "Chicken HUT" chain, and the food control and safety system (HACCP) implemented at "Chicken HUT" enterprises allows us to talk about product and consumer safety.
GENERAL TRENDS AND CHARACTERISTIC ASPECTS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE FIELD OF HR MANAGEMENT
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Hridin Oleksandr
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of identifying general trends and determining the most important aspects of digital transformation in the field of HR management in modern realities. It has been established that digitalization, due to the use of the latest software, the most advanced information technology solutions, provides opportunities in the optimization of business processes, the implementation of radical changes in the improvement of the organizational structure, in models and methods of management, centers for the adoption and implementation of management decisions. It has been established that in today's world the digital skills of employees are becoming critically important, as a result of which a systematic rethinking and large-scale revision of the requirements for specialists is taking place. At the same time, the latest approaches to the implementation of HR management processes cause a significant technological transformation, which requires an increase in the level of digital competence of HR managers. It has been argued that digitization consists not only in the use of digital technologies, but, first of all, in changing the way of thinking, the content of corporate culture, management style and methods, the system and approaches to encouraging employees, and in the introduction of modern progressive models. At the same time, it involves the integration of digital technologies in all areas of business, which leads to certain qualitative, and sometimes even fundamental changes in the functioning of the business entity. Strategic guidelines for the formation of an effective personnel management system during large-scale digitalization are outlined. The currently most widespread digital technologies used in the field of HR management have been identified. It has been proven that the implementation of modern digital HR technologies by organizations not only provides them with significant opportunities and competitive advantages, but can also create a number of risks and have certain significant disadvantages. Established trends in the HR field that influence processes related to the formation of a personnel management strategy. Prospective improvements from the implementation of the latest digital HR technologies by organizations have been identified.
ANALYSIS OF REFORMS IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION LICENSING
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zahorelska Tetiana , Svichkar Nataliya ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Dubivka Viktoriia ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of thе issues of construction licensing activities and directions of its government regulation. The study showed that the construction of objects belonging to objects of: medium class of consequences – SS2 and significant class of consequences – SS3 required obtaining licenses. The work defines the legislative acts that initiated the licensing of economic activity. The normative and legal acts that regulated the issuance of permits for construction activities are listed. Among the normative legal acts that regulated the issuance of permits for construction activities were: Law of Ukraine "On Regulation of Town Planning Activities" dated February 17, 2011 № 3038-VI (current), Law of Ukraine "On architectural activity" dated 05.20.1999 № 687-XIV, Licensing conditions for carrying out business activities in construction related to the creation of architectural objects, approved by the order of the Ministry of Regional Construction dated January 27, 2009 № 47, The procedure for licensing business activities related to the creation of architectural objects, approved by the Resolution of the CMU of December 5, 2007 № 1396, Some issues of licensing of the construction of objects, which according to the class of consequences (responsibilities) belong to objects with medium and significant consequences, approved by the resolution of the CMU dated March 30, 2016 № 256 (expired), DSTU 8855:2019 Buildings and structures. Determination of the class of consequences (responsibilities), etc. In particular, other works related to construction that fell under licensing are listed, including design, installation work, installation of engineering structures, engineering activities, in particular, centralized water supply and centralized drainage. The procedure for simplifying the permit system in construction and the transition to the certification of responsible executors has been clarified. The transformation of licensing entities in construction is singled out. The article examines the transition from licensing to the declaration of economic activity under martial law.
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF UKRAINIAN ENERGY SECTOR ENTERPRISES’ DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF A TURBULENT ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Kuznietsova Kateryna ,   Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Bailo Oleksandr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: September 2023

Due to Russia's military aggression, Ukraine's economy suffered significant losses in all sectors, including the energy sector. As of today, there is no critical shortage of energy resources and carriers, so it is possible to discuss maintaining the necessary level of economic and population safety. However, undoubtedly, the danger has not disappeared, and on the contrary, risks have increased and new challenges have emerged for the sustainable functioning and development of the energy sector. In this article, statistics were taken into account for a deeper understanding of the situation in the energy sector, both during the full-scale invasion and leading up to it. Specifically, the analysis of the pre-war period highlighted the structure of electricity production and supply in Ukraine, the amount of final consumption overall and by activity type, energy intensity coefficients, and the main aspects of Ukraine's energy state with descriptions of both positive and negative aspects. The analysis of this sector during the war provided information about damages and destruction of energy infrastructure objects, the decrease in energy generation and usage, territorial diversification of electricity production, synchronization of Ukraine's unified energy system with the European "ENTSO-E" continental network, key risks, problems, and ways to overcome or minimize them. Taking into account the above, this article analyzes and lays the foundation for the reconstruction and modernization of the economy in the post-war period, particularly for managing the energy recovery in the future, considering that a significant part of the infrastructure is damaged or destroyed. In this regard, it is essential to utilize the experiences of European Union countries and their most effective practices in addressing similar tasks in the energy sector. Therefore, the relevance of the topic is driven by the high degree of turbulence in the external environment against the backdrop of military invasion, which affects the overall functioning of Ukraine's energy system, particularly the effectiveness of managing energy sector enterprises and ensuring their strategic long-term development in the present time.
The preventive and protective role of melatonin in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective study
Authors: Molina-Carballo Antonio , Jerez-Calero Antonio Emilio , Fernández-López Luisa , Augustin-Morales María del Carmen , Muñoz-Hoyos Antonio , Agil Ahmad
Published: September 2023

This study has investigated the protective role of melatonin against SARS-CoV-2 infection. For this purpose, 62 adults were recruited who were in  daily relatively high doses of melatonin intaking, with the particularity that they started taking it before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and  continued to present. A continuous validation process has been carried out with a series of questionnaires to identify the risk factors, whether they were contacts, were infected, if yes, the level of disease severity, need for treatment, hospitalization, etc. According to the dose of melatonin the individuals took/are taking, they were divided into two groups: a) those taking 20 mg (n = 27) and, b) those taking ≥ 40 mg (n = 32). For statistical analysis, the shi2 test and Fisher's exact test were used. The number of infected subjects with positive PCR was 7 (11.9%). Only one required medication, the rest had a very favorable clinical evolution, mild in three cases and asymptomatic in three others. While in their environment this percentage is 22.05% (chi2 = 2.928; p < 0.087). Melatonin offers a good safety profile, is well tolerated and can play an important role in the different levels of COVID-19 prevention.
La transición energética en el Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Diego
Published: September 2023

Este artículo analiza las principales actuaciones para la transición energética que se están desarrollando desde el Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia de España (PRTR). En primer lugar, tras situar el contexto, se examinan las ayudas a la inversión en los dos PERTE más relevantes para la transición energética. Posteriormente, se aborda el resto de las actuaciones dirigidas al apoyo de inversiones para la mejora de la eficiencia energética. El trabajo concluye con algunas recomendaciones de mejora en la implementación del PRTR.
Fiscalidad medioambiental en Europa y España. Armonización, convergencia y reformas
Authors: Martín Lucía , Más Pilar , Pou Virginia
Published: September 2023

Ante el reto de la lucha contra el cambio climático y la necesaria transición energética, en este artículo se analizan las tendencias recientes de la fiscalidad medioambiental en la Unión Europea (UE), con especial foco en España. Un análisis de convergencia de la presión fiscal ambiental revela la falta de integración y armonización a nivel comunitario, si bien se identifican grupos de países con patrones de comportamiento similares. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de revisar la imposición ambiental a nivel europeo, mejorando el marco tributario y armonizando la regulación de manera que facilite la consecución de los objetivos y compromisos climáticos. En este contexto, y de manera coordinada con la UE, España debe reforzar la fiscalidad ambiental con una reforma integral que la haga efectiva para corregir externalidades negativas sobre el capital natural de la economía.
Система допосівного обробітку гунту під кавун
Authors: Книш В.І. , Шабля О.С. , Книш В.В.
Published: September 2023

Мета. Визначити вплив різних систем обробітку на фізичні властивості та поживний режим ґрунту; дослідити особливості формування запасів вологи в ґрунті залежно від строків проведення основного обробітку ґрунту; виявити вплив систем обробітку ґрунту на формування врожаю плодів кавуна. Розробити найбільш ефективну систему допосівного обробітку ґрунту під кавун для незрошуваних умов південного Степу України. Методи. Польовий, лабораторний, вимірювально-розрахунковий, порівняльний, математично-статистичний аналіз. Результати. Встановлено, що строк проведення основного обробітку ґрунту впливав на вміст та розподілення елементів живлення по горизонтам орного шару ґрунту. В середньому, за роки досліджень, найбільша кількість азоту нітратів та рухомих форм фосфатів в орному шарі ґрунту перед сівбою кавуна містилась після проведення зяблевої оранки ґрунту. Аналіз структурного стану ґрунту показав, що вміст агрономічно цінних агрегатів (0,25–7,0 мм) в орному шарі майже не залежав від способів до посівного обробітку ґрунту під кавун при відповідних строках оранки. Проте, при більш пізніх строках оранки, відмічено збільшення кількості цих агрегатів на 2–3%, ніж в контролі. Найбільш впливовим фактором досліду за роки досліджень були строки проведення основного обробітку ґрунту. Найвищий врожай плодів, як по окремим рокам, так і в середньому за роки досліджень, одержано на варіантах із зяблевим основним обробітком ґрунту. Де середня урожайність кавуна склала 20,4–23,4 т/га, що на 2,1–5,1 т/га більше, ніж при оранці в “зимові вікна” та на 2,9–5,9 т/га, ніж при весняній оранці. Зменшення кількості технологічних операцій в комплексі робіт по допосівному обробітку ґрунту, у варіантах 3 та 4, дозволило скоротити прямі витрати виробництва на 75 та 125 грн/га, відповідно, у порівнянні з контролем. Проте таке зменшення призвело до одержання більш низького врожаю, ніж у контролі, що в свою чергу вплинуло на показники економічної ефективності. Так, чистий прибуток при цьому в варіанті 3 був на 3600 грн/га меншим, а собівартість плодів на 46,3 грн/т вища, ніж в контролі. Висновки. Встановлено, що на чорноземах південних малогумусних супіщаних в незрошуваних умовах південного Степу України для забезпечення стабільно високих урожаїв плодів кавуна та створення умов для збереження родючості ґрунту, накопичення і раціонального використання вологи ґрунту необхідно застосовувати систему допосівного обробітку ґрунту, яка поєднує зяблеву оранку на глибину 25–27 см та осінню культивацію на глибину 10–12 см. Весняний комплекс робіт по допосівному обробітку ґрунту під кавун складається з боронування зябу в 2 сліди важкими боронами та передпосівної культивації на глибину заробляння насіння з одночасним боронуванням.
Search for Toxic Trace Elements in Rosa rugosa Thunb. By Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis: Accumulation and Responses to Exposure
Authors: Alla Kapelian Kirill Tkachenko , Varfolomeeva. Elizaveta
Published: September 2023

Species of the genus Rosa L. are widely used in urban gardening, and they are of considerable interest as plants accumulating heavy metals in an urban environment. Literature data are ambiguous about whether these species accumulate trace and toxic elements. Its fruits are used as medicinal raw materials in folk and official medicine. The purpose of the study is to determine whether this type of wild rose accumulates toxic metals (as well as various macro- and microelements), if so, which ones and in which organs, and to what extent raw materials of the plant can be used. For the first time, multi-element instrumental neutron activation analysis at the reactor IBR-2 of FLNP JINR in Dubna, Russia, was applied to examine accumulation of major and trace elements in various organs of Rosa rugosa Thunb. (Rosaceae family), namely, roots, leaves, fruits and seeds. A total of 33 elements (Al, Ca, Cl, I, Mg, Mn, V, As, Br, K, La, Na, Mo, Sm, U, W, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Hf, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, Yb, and Zn) were determined. Samples were taken in the summer-autumn period of 2020, both in the city of St. Petersburg and on the coast of the Baltic Sea, Russia. This research found no critical accumulation of trace and toxic elements in different organs of R. rugose, but revealed quite high accumulation of Fe and Co in urban transport highway area.
Exploring Advanced Placement Research Course: Student Perspectives, Advantages, and Obstacles
Authors: Noursi Omar Al
Published: September 2023

This study examines the efficacy, benefits, and concerns of high school students in the 2021-2022 AP Research course. It assesses their satisfaction with course materials and methods, utilizing surveys and essays for data collection. The findings reveal that, despite challenges, most students improved and were satisfied with the teacher’s pedagogy. These results enhance our understanding of AP Research’s effectiveness and impact on student engagement. Further research is required to optimize student experiences and outcomes in the program.
Endocrine side effects of immunotherapeutic drugs
Authors: Orlyk O.S. , Garnytska A.V.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND. Immunotherapy is an innovative approach to treatment that is changing the paradigm in oncology and is achieving significant results in the fight against malignant tumors including leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer and many others. This treatment uses the power of the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy can lead to long-term remission or even complete disappearance of tumors in patients with certain types of cancer. The success of therapy depends on many factors, including the type of cancer and individual patient characteristics. As with any treatment, patients with immunotherapy may experience side effects. As a result of treatment with pembrolizumab (and other immunotherapeutic drugs), patients may develop endocrine disorders. The most common endocrine side effects include thyroiditis (which can lead to hyper- or hypothyroidism), inflammation of the parathyroid glands, hypophysitis, and diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE. Based on the literature data, to investigate the possible side effects of immunotherapeutic drugs on the endocrine system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Object: endocrine complications due to immunotherapy. Research method: review of literary sources.

RESULTS. Among the manifestations of the endocrine system, the most common are thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. It is important to monitor the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4, blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin for timely detection of endocrine pathology, prevention of unwanted complications and improvement of patients’ quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS. Immunotherapy is vital for cancer patients. Given the possible development of various side effects, including those from the endocrine system, patients should monitor the main indicators of the thyroid gland (TSH, free T4) and carbohydrate metabolism (blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin) both before starting immunotherapy and during treatment. Patients with pre-existing endocrine disorders require more careful monitoring. It is possible that such patients, in the process of immunotherapy, may require correction of hypoglycemic drugs: speaking of diabetes mellitus, a possible option may be a dose correction of tableted antidiabetic drugs, a change in the therapy regimen or insulin therapy; in diseases of the thyroid gland, the doctor may suggest dose adjustment of thyroid drugs, ultrasound diagnostics and/or fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules.
Влияние малых доз ионизирующей радиации на микроскопические и морфометрические характеристики зубных зачатков у крыс в период начала формирования дентина
Authors: Чешко Н.Н.
Published: September 2023

Цель исследования. Выявить микроскопические и морфометрические изменения зачатков зубов у экспериментальных животных (крыс) в период начала формирования дентина в условиях общего облучения их малыми дозами ионизирующей радиации.
Объекты и методы исследования. Исследование проводили на белых крысах стадного разведения. Беременных самок, а затем и приплод подвергали хроническому облучению в Институте радиобиологии НАН Республики Беларусь на установке «Гаммарид-192/120» с мощностью экспозиционной дозы 110 мР/час с первых суток беременности до забора материала на первые сутки после рождения. Поглощенная доза для 1-суточных новорожденных крысят составила 0,52 Гр. У всех животных выполнены гистологические, гистохимические и морфометрические исследования.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. На этом этапе одонтогенеза малые дозы ионизирующей радиации уменьшали пролиферативную активность, количество клеточных слоев и в большинстве своем толщину структур зубных зачатков; вызывали отек, вакуолизацию, дискомплексацию, задержку дифференцировки клеток. Эти изменения были взаимозависимыми и тесно переплетены друг с другом.
Заключение. На раннем этапе постнатального периода, как и в пренатальном, под действием малых доз ионизирующей радиации происходила задержка дифференцировки клеток зубных зачатков у экспериментальных животных.
EFFECT OF PROLONGED STORAGE IN ICE ON NUTRIENTS COMPOSITION AND SENSORY QUALITY OF FRESH POND RAISED CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Hassan M. Z. , Malgwi J. I. , Usman A. , Barde Z. M. , Abdullahi A. I. , Usman U.
Published: September 2023

Fish storage on ice has been one of commonly used methods to preserve fresh fish for subsequent processing and consumption. This study was carried out to assess the effect of prolonged storage in ice on nutrient composition and sensory quality of whole fresh pond raised Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Live fish samples, with an average weight of 500g were purchased from custom market in Maiduguri Borno state and transported in plastic bucket containing water to the Department of Fisheries, Research and Teaching Farm, University of Maiduguri were the experiment was carried out. The fish were degutted, washed and iced immediately. Data was analyzed using a statistical package SPSS version 20.0. The result of the study shows that that sensory quality of fresh C. gariepinus declines with time when stored in ice and that storage for not more than 15 days could maintain acceptable quality. The nutritional quality of cat fish deteriorated with time when stored in ice. Crude protein decreased from 30% at day1 to 21.57% at day9. Similarly, NFE decrease from 17.78 at day1 to 2.30% at day 15. However, Carcass fat increased with storage time, from 25.25 at day1 to 36.9% at day12. Dry matter content decreased with increasing time of storage indicating increased moisture content of the product.  The result shows that that like any other fish C. gariepinus has a relatively longer shelf life when kept in ice. It is concluded that there is a significant change in the proximate composition of the fish...
PERANCANGAN DESAIN ANTARMUKA PADA APLIKASI PEMESANAN CO-WORKING SPACE MENGGUNAKAN USER CENTERED DESIGN
Authors: Suci Tamariska Laras , Hadiwiyanti Rizka
Published: September 2023

Dewasa ini aplikasi mobile mulai banyak digunakan pada berbagai macam aspek dan menjadi salah satu kebutuhan terutama pada masa pandemi seperti saat ini. Contoh penerapan aplikasi mobile ada pada bidang pendidikan, komunikasi, hiburan, dan lain-lain. Aplikasi pemesanan menjadi salah satu jenis aplikasi mobile yang diperlukan terutama pada masa pandemi seperti saat ini. Jenis aplikasi ini diperlukan untuk mempermudah pengguna untuk proses booking. Pada penelitian ini dibuat aplikasi pemesanan co-working space. Aplikasi ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mempermudah proses pemesanan co-working space, sehingga diperlukan desain aplikasi mobile yang baik dan dapat diterima oleh pengguna. Desain yang baik dan dapat diterima perlu memperhatikan beberapa aspek diantaranya yaitu mengidentifikasi kebutuhan pengguna, menspesifikasikan kebutuhanpengguna, menghasilkan desain solusi, dan evaluasi hasil desain. Penelitian ini menerapkan User Centered Design pada pembuatan desain anatarmuka aplikasi pemesanan co-working space. Metodologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan studi literatur untuk melengkapi bahan dari sistem yang akan dibuat. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi didapati beberapa hal yang perlu direvisi diantaranya yaitu pengubahan vector pada halaman registrasi agar berbeda dengan halaman login dan juga pemberian ikon pada halaman profil pengguna.