bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of an Innovative Versatile Flow Design Suitable for Fuel Cells
Authors: Meenakshi S. , Ghosh Prakash C.
Published: July 2017

Flow field plays an important role in the performances of the fuel cells, especially in large area fuel cells. In the present work, an innovative, versatile flow field, capable of combining in different conventional modes is reported and evaluated in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) with an active area of 150 cm2. The proposed design is capable of offering serpentine, interdigitated, counterflow, dead-end, and serpentine-interdigitated hybrid mode. Moreover, it is possible to switch over from one flow mode to another mode of flow during operation at any point of time. The flow design consists of the multichannel parallel serpentine flow (SP) field and a pair of an inlet and outlet manifolds instead of conventional single inlet and outlet manifold. Flow distribution was successfully altered without affecting the performances, and it was observed a combination of serpentine and interdigitated on the cathode side offered steady performance for more than 20 min when it was operated at a current density of 700 mA cm−2.
Effect of Helix Angle on Hydrogen Diffusion of Spiral Weld
Pipe
Authors: Jiang Wenchun , Luo Yun , Zhang Xiaolei , Zhang Qian , Zhang W. Y.
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a study of hydrogen diffusion for a spiral weld pipe considering the effect of weld residual stress. The results show that the hydrogen mainly gathers at heat-affected zone (HAZ). HAZ is the weakest zone where hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) occurs. The effect of helix angle on the hydrogen diffusion is also discussed. It shows that different helix angles generate different hydrogen concentrations. As the helix angle increases, both the hydrogen concentration and residual stresses decrease. As the helix angle increases from 40 deg to 50 deg, the equivalent pressure stresses reduce a little, resulting in the change of hydrogen concentration being small. The smaller the helix angle is, the larger the diffusion rate is. The most suitable helix angle should be optimized at 40–50 deg.
Effects of Lumbar Spine Assemblies and Body-Borne Equipment Mass on Anthropomorphic Test Device Responses During Drop Tests
Authors: Aggromito Daniel , Jaffrey Mark , Chhor Allen , Chen Bernard , Yan Wenyi
Published: July 2017

When simulating or conducting land mine blast tests on armored vehicles to assess potential occupant injury, the preference is to use the Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD). In land blast events, neither the effect of body-borne equipment (BBE) on the ATD response nor the dynamic response index (DRI) is well understood. An experimental study was carried out using a drop tower test rig, with a rigid seat mounted on a carriage table undergoing average accelerations of 161 g and 232 g over 3 ms. A key aspect of the work looked at the various lumbar spine assemblies available for a Hybrid III ATD. These can result in different load cell orientations for the ATD which in turn can affect the load measurement in the vertical and horizontal planes. Thirty-two tests were carried out using two BBE mass conditions and three variations of ATDs. The latter were the Hybrid III with the curved (conventional) spine, the Hybrid III with the pedestrian (straight) spine, and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Hybrid III which also has a straight spine. The results showed that the straight lumbar spine assemblies produced similar ATD responses in drop tower tests using a rigid seat. In contrast, the curved lumbar spine assembly generated a lower pelvis acceleration and a higher lumbar load than the straight lumbar spine assemblies. The maximum relative displacement of the lumbar spine occurred after the peak loading event, suggesting that the DRI is not suitable for assessing injury when the impact duration is short and an ATD is seated on a rigid seat on a drop tower. The peak vertical lumbar loads did not change with increasing BBE mass because the equipment mass effects did not become a factor during the peak loading event.
Modeling the Variability of Glenoid Geometry in Intact and Osteoarthritic Shoulders
Authors: de Vries Charlotte M. , Parkinson Matthew B.
Published: July 2017

The objective of this research is to model the geometric variability of the glenoid of the scapula. The glenoid is the “socket” component of the “ball and socket” connection of the shoulder joint. The model must capture the observed variability with sufficient resolution such that it informs both operative and design decisions. Creating the model required the application of existing mathematical and statistical modeling approaches, including geometric fitting, radial basis functions (RBFs), and principal component analysis (PCA). The landmark identification process represented the glenoid in a new manner. This work was validated against existing approaches and computed tomography (CT) scans from 42 patients. Information on the range of shoulder geometries can assist with preoperative planning as well as implant design for total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). PCA was used to quantify the variability of shape across landmarks used to represent the glenoid shape. These landmark locations could be used to generate full surface meshes of existing glenoids or new glenoid models synthesized by changing principal components (PC). The process of creation of these shoulder geometries may be useful for the study of other joints. The models created will help surgeons and engineers to understand the effects of osteoarthritis on bone geometry, as well as the range of variability present in healthy shoulders.
Analysis of strain induced carrier confinement with varying passivation thickness of the Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN heterostructure with graded AlxGa1-xN buffer on Si (111) substrate
Authors: Dinara Syed Mukulika , Ghosh Saptarsi , Jana Sanjay Kr. , Majumdar Shubhankar , Biswas Dhrubes , Bhattacharya Sekhar
Published: July 2017

In this study, the authors demonstrate the strain induced piezoelectric charge effect on carrier confinement at the Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN heterointerface with varying passivation (Si3N4) thicknesses. The graded Al0.2Ga0.8N/Al0.1Ga0.9N buffer on the Si (111) substrate grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy reduces the dislocation density of the GaN layer, which significantly improves the carrier concentration at the Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN interface. The carrier confinement as well as the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) density with varying passivation thicknesses has been investigated through high resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) followed by strain analysis and capacitance–voltage (C-V) measurements. As per the HRXRD strain analysis, the 2DEG density was predicted to increase about 5%, 7.9%, and 10% after Si3N4 passivation of 20, 30, and 40 nm, respectively. This enhancement in carrier density (2DEGs) was then validated by C-V characteristics for the same Si3N4 variation. After passivation, the induced tensile strain on the Al0.3Ga0.7N barrier along with surface state reduction at the interface of Si3N4/Al0.3Ga0.7N effectively improves the carrier confinement at the Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN interface.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Bradyrhizobium
sp. ORS285, a Photosynthetic Strain Able To Establish Nod Factor-Dependent or Nod Factor-Independent Symbiosis with
Aeschynomene
Legumes
Authors: Gully Djamel , Teulet Albin , Busset Nicolas , Nouwen Nico , Fardoux Joël , Rouy Zoe , Vallenet David , Cruveiller Stéphane , Giraud Eric
Published: July 2017

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Bradyrhizobium
sp. strain ORS285, which is able to nodulate
Aeschynomene
legumes using two distinct strategies that differ in the requirement of Nod factors. The genome sequence information of this strain will help understanding of the different mechanisms of interaction of rhizobia with legumes.
Identification of Dezidougou Virus in a DAK AR 41524 Zika Virus Stock
Authors: Shrivastava Susmita , Puri Vinita , Fedorova Nadia , Amedeo Paolo , Stockwell Timothy B. , Shabman Reed S. , Rashid Sujatha , Pickett Brett E.
Published: July 2017

We report here the complete genome of a Dezidougou virus (DEZV) isolated from a passaged culture of the Zika virus strain DAK AR 41524. The consensus DEZV sequence we recovered shows 99% nucleotide similarity using BLASTN to a previously reported DEZV (accession no. JQ675604.1). The current sequence has additional repeat regions as well as a deleted repeat region, which we confirmed by Sanger sequencing, that were not present in the originally published sequence, JQ675604.1.
Complete Genome Sequence of Kluyveromyces lactis Strain GG799, a Common Yeast Host for Heterologous Protein Expression
Authors: Chuzel Léa , Ganatra Mehul B. , Schermerhorn Kelly M. , Gardner Andrew F. , Anton Brian P. , Taron Christopher H.
Published: July 2017

We report the genome sequence of the dairy yeast
Kluyveromyces lactis
strain GG799 obtained using the Pacific Biosciences RS II platform.
K. lactis
strain GG799 is a common host for the expression of proteins at both laboratory and industrial scales.
Draft Genome Sequence of Terrimicrobium sacchariphilum NM-5
T
, a Facultative Anaerobic Soil Bacterium of the Class
Spartobacteria
Authors: Qiu Yan-Ling , Tourlousse Dieter M. , Matsuura Norihisa , Ohashi Akiko , Sekiguchi Yuji
Published: July 2017

We report here a high-quality draft genome sequence of
Terrimicrobium sacchariphilum
strain NM-5
T
, a facultative anaerobic, mesophilic, fermentative bacterium belonging to the class
Spartobacteria
of the phylum
Verrucomicrobia
. The genome comprises 4,751,807 bp in three contigs and has a G+C content of 60.19%. Annotation predicted 4,175 protein-coding sequences and 54 RNAs.
Novel RNA Virus Genome Discovered in Ghost Ants (
Tapinoma melanocephalum
) from Hawaii
Authors: Brettell Laura E. , Mordecai Gideon J. , Pachori Purnima , Martin Stephen J.
Published: July 2017

Here, we report the full-genome sequence of Milolii virus, a novel single-stranded (positive-sense) RNA virus discovered from
Tapinoma melanocephalum
ants in Hawaii. The genome is 10,475 nucleotides long, encoding a polyprotein of 3,304 amino acids.
Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequences of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Lilleengen Type Strains LT1, LT18, LT19, LT20, LT21, and LT22
Authors: Kazmierczak Robert A. , Best Aaron A. , Nguyen Duy , Eisenstark Abraham
Published: July 2017

The Lilleengen type (LT) collection of
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium strains has served the scientific community as a group of model organisms for basic genetic and biochemical pathway research. Here, we report the whole-genome shotgun sequences of
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium strains LT1, LT18, LT19, LT20, LT21, and LT22.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Saccharibacter
sp. Strains 3.A.1 and M18 Isolated from Honey and a Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Stomach
Authors: Veress Alexandra , Wilk Tímea , Kiss János , Olasz Ferenc , Papp Péter P.
Published: July 2017

The annotated draft genome sequences of two recent
Saccharibacter
sp. strains isolated from honey and a honey bee stomach in 2014 are reported here. Currently, two
Saccharibacter
whole-genome sequences are available in databases; thus, the sequences of our new isolates will contribute to a better understanding of
Saccharibacter
genomes.
Fungal Recognition and Host Defense Mechanisms
Authors: Dambuza I. M. , Levitz S. M. , Netea M. G. , Brown G. D.
Published: July 2017

Fungi have emerged as premier opportunistic microbes of the 21st century, having a considerable impact on human morbidity and mortality. The huge increase in incidence of these diseases is largely due to the HIV pandemic and use of immunosuppressive therapies, underscoring the importance of the immune system in defense against fungi. This article will address how the mammalian immune system recognizes and mounts a defense against medically relevant fungal species.
Regulatory Issues Associated with Preharvest Food Safety: United States Perspective
Authors: Micallef Shirley A. , Buchanan Robert L.
Published: July 2017

The preharvest and preslaughter steps of food production constitute a first stage at which food can become contaminated with foodborne and toxigenic pathogens. Contamination at this early stage of food production can lead to amplification as food travels through the production and supply chain, accentuating the crucial need to address hazards and establish science-based metrics that are feasible to implement. This article discusses the preharvest food safety regulatory landscape in the United States, with a specific emphasis on fresh produce crops. Best practices, certification, audit schemes and challenges due to market channels, economies of scales, and grower behavior are considered in relation to the Food Safety Modernization Act. An outlook on the needs to facilitate implementation of the new law, develop educational programs for growers and stakeholders, and continue to better align food safety with environmental goals are presented.
Accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest and rapid mediastinal warming with pleural lavage: a survivor after 3.5 hours of manual CPR
Authors: Little George
Published: July 2017

A 30-year-old man suffered post-traumatic hypothermic cardiac arrest. On arrival in the emergency department, rectal core temperature was 23°C. Manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was continued as no mechanical chest compression device was available, and active and passive rewarming was undertaken. Bilateral thoracostomies confirmed good lung inflation. Defibrillation and intravenous epinephrine were discontinued until core temperature was elevated above 30°C. Extracorporeal rewarming was unavailable. When no increase in rectal temperature was achieved after 90 min, an alternative oesophageal probe confirmed mediastinal temperature as 23°C. Bilateral chest drain insertion, followed by microwave-heated saline pleural lavage, rapidly raised the oesophageal temperature above 30°C with subsequent successful defibrillation, initially to pulseless electrical activity and finally return of spontaneous circulation 3.5 hours after the commencement of CPR. The patient recovered fully and was discharged without neurological deficit. Rapid mediastinal warming with pleural lavage should be considered in units with no access to extracorporeal rewarming service.
Directly observed therapy for clozapine with concomitant methadone prescription: a method for improving adherence and outcome
Authors: Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Mohamad Isa Mohd Fadzli , Suarn Singh Vikram , Masiran Ruziana
Published: July 2017

A young male presented with many years of delusions and hallucinations, with concurrent heroin use and subsequent amphetamine uses. There were no depressive or manic symptoms and psychotic symptoms prior to the amphetamine use. After the trials of two atypical antipsychotics and later clozapine due to treatment resistance, adherence and functionality were poor and there was still persistent drug use. As a result, a long acting injectable adjunct was commenced, but only minimal effects were observed. However after initiation of directly observed treatment of clozapine with methadone, there has been functional and clinical response and drug use has ceased.
Associations of anthropometry since birth with sagittal posture at age 7 in a prospective birth cohort: the Generation XXI Study
Authors: Araújo Fábio A , Lucas Raquel , Simpkin Andrew J , Heron Jon , Alegrete Nuno , Tilling Kate , Howe Laura D , Barros Henrique
Published: July 2017

Objectives

Adult sagittal posture is established during childhood and adolescence. A flattened or hypercurved spine is associated with poorer musculoskeletal health in adulthood. Although anthropometry from birth onwards is expected to be a key influence on sagittal posture design, this has never been assessed during childhood. Our aim was to estimate the association between body size throughout childhood with sagittal postural patterns at age 7.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting and participants

A subsample of 1029 girls and 1101 boys taking part in the 7-year-old follow-up of the birth cohort Generation XXI (Porto, Portugal) was included. We assessed the associations between anthropometric measurements (weight, height and body mass index) at birth, 4 and 7 years of age and postural patterns at age 7. Postural patterns were defined using latent profile analysis, a probabilistic model-based technique which allows for simultaneously including anthropometrics as predictors of latent profiles by means of logistic regression.

Results

Postural patterns identified were sway, flat and "neutral to hyperlordotic"in girls, and "sway to neutral", flat and hyperlordotic in boys; with flat and hyperlordotic postures representing a straightened and a rounded spine, respectively. In both girls and boys, higher weight was associated with lower odds of a flat pattern compared with a sway/"sway to neutral"pattern, with stronger associations at older ages: for example, ORs were 0.68 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.88) per SD increase in birth weight and 0.36 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.68) per SD increase in weight at age 7 in girls, with similar findings in boys. Boys with higher ponderal index at birth were more frequently assigned to the hyperlordotic pattern (OR=1.44 per SD; p=0.043).

Conclusions

Our findings support a prospective sculpting role of body size and therefore of load on musculoskeletal spinopelvic structures, with stronger associations as children get older.
Medication incidents in primary care medicine: a prospective study in the Swiss Sentinel Surveillance Network (Sentinella)
Authors: Gnädinger Markus , Conen Dieter , Herzig Lilli , Puhan Milo A , Staehelin Alfred , Zoller Marco , Ceschi Alessandro
Published: July 2017

Objectives

To describe the type, frequency, seasonal and regional distribution of medication incidents in primary care in Switzerland and to elucidate possible risk factors for medication incidents.

Design

Prospective surveillance study.

Setting

Swiss primary healthcare, Swiss Sentinel Surveillance Network.

Participants

Patients with drug treatment who experienced anyerroneousevent related to the medication process and interfering with normal treatment course, as judged by their physician. The 180 physicians in the study were general practitioners or paediatricians participating in the Swiss Federal Sentinel reporting system in 2015.

Outcomes

Primary:medication incidents;secondary:potential risk factors like age, gender, polymedication, morbidity, care-dependency, previous hospitalisation.

Results

The mean rates of detected medication incidents were 2.07 per general practitioner per year (46.5 per 1 00 000 contacts) and 0.15 per paediatrician per year (2.8 per 1 00 000 contacts), respectively. The following factors were associated with medication incidents (OR, 95% CI): higher age 1.004 per year (1.001; 1.006), care by community nurse 1.458 (1.025; 2.073) and care by an institution 1.802 (1.399; 2.323), chronic conditions 1.052 (1.029; 1.075) per condition, medications 1.052 (1.030; 1.074) per medication, as well as Thurgau Morbidity Index for stage 4: 1.292 (1.004; 1.662), stage 5: 1.420 (1.078; 1.868) and stage 6: 1.680 (1.178; 2.396), respectively. Most cases were linked to an incorrect dosage for a given patient, while prescription of an erroneous medication was the second most common error.

Conclusions

Medication incidents are common in adult primary care, whereas they rarely occur in paediatrics. Older and multimorbid patients are at a particularly high risk for medication incidents. Reasons for medication incidents are diverse but often seem to be linked to communication problems.
Ability to join the workforce and work productivity among drug users under methadone maintenance treatment in a mountainous area of Northern Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nong Vuong Minh , Boggiano Victoria L , Nguyen Lan Huong Thi , Nguyen Cuong Tat , Nguyen Long Hoang , Xuan Bach Tran , Nguyen Hung Van , Hoang Canh Dinh , Latkin Carl A , Vu Minh Thuc Thi
Published: July 2017

Objectives

A major measure of treatment success for drug users undergoing rehabilitation is the ability to enter the workforce and generate income. This study examines the absenteeism and productivity among people who inject drugs (PWID) enrolled in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Northern Vietnam.

Setting

We conducted a cross-sectional study in two clinics in Tuyen Quang province.

Participants

A total of 241 patients enrolled in MMT.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Patients’ work productivity was measured using the WPAI-GH instrument (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: General Health V2.0). We also collected additional characteristics about participants’ employment history, such as proficient jobs, whether they actively found a new job and be accepted by employers.

Results

Most of the participants (>90%) were employed at the time of the study. Rates of absenteeism (missed work), presenteeism (impairment while working) and overall loss of productivity were 15.8%, 5.6% and 11.2%, respectively, as measured by the WPAI-GH questionnaire. The most proficient job was ‘freelancer’ (17.5%), followed by ‘blue-collar worker’ (10.6%) and ‘farmer’ (10.2%). Only 26.8% of patients reported that they actively sought jobs in the past. About half of them had been refused by employers because of their drug use history and/or HIV status. We found no statistically significant difference between patients enrolled in MMT for <1 year and those who had been enrolled >1 year. Factors associated with higher work productivity included not endorsing problems in mobility, self-care or pain; being HIV-negative and having greater MMT treatment adherence.

Conclusion

Our study highlights the high employment rate and work productivity among PWID in MMT programmes in remote areas of Northern Vietnam. The results can help to improve the quality and structure of MMT programmes across Vietnam and in other countries.
Recent advances in the treatment of erectile dysfunction
Authors: Mobley David F , Khera Mohit , Baum Neil
Published: July 2017

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common conditions affecting middle-aged and older men. Nearly every primary care physician, internist and geriatrician will be called upon to manage this condition or to make referrals to urologists, endocrinologists and cardiologists who will assist in the treatment of ED. This article will briefly discuss the diagnosis and management of ED. In addition, emerging concepts in ED management will be discussed, such as the use of testosterone to treat ED, the role of the endothelium in men with ED and treating the partner of the man with ED. Finally, future potential therapies for ED will be discussed.
Enhanced recovery after surgery for hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Shibai , Qian Wenwei , Jiang Chao , Ye Canhua , Chen Xi
Published: July 2017

Objectives

To collect data of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) for evaluating the effects of enhanced recovery after surgery on postoperative recovery of patients who received total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods

Relevant, published studies were identified using the following key words: arthroplasty, joint replacement, enhanced recovery after surgery, fast track surgery, multi-mode analgesia, diet management, or steroid hormones. The following databases were used to identify the literature consisting of RCTs or CCTs with a date of search of 31 December 2016: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of knowledge, Ovid SpringerLink and EMBASE. All relevant data were collected from studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The outcome variables were postoperative length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rate, and total incidence of complications. RevMan5.2. software was adopted for the meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 10 published studies (9936 cases) met the inclusion criteria. The cumulative data included 4205 cases receiving enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), and 5731 cases receiving traditional recovery after surgery (non-ERAS). The meta-analysis showed that LOS was significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the control group (non-ERAS group) (p<0.01), and there were fewer incidences of complications in the ERAS group than in the control group (p=0.03). However, no significant difference was found in the 30-day readmission rate (p=0.18).

Conclusions

ERAS significantly reduces LOS and incidence of complications in patients who have had THA or TKA. However, ERAS does not appear to significantly impact 30-day readmission rates.
Nutritional ketone salts increase fat oxidation but impair high-intensity exercise performance in healthy adult males
Authors: O’Malley Trevor , Myette-Cote Etienne , Durrer Cody , Little Jonathan P.
Published: July 2017

This study investigated the impact of raising plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) through ingestion of ketone salts on substrate oxidation and performance during cycling exercise. Ten healthy adult males (age, 23 ± 3 years; body mass index, 25 ± 3 kg/m2, peak oxygen uptake, 45 ± 10 mL/(kg·min)−1) were recruited to complete 2 experimental trials. Before enrollment in the experimental conditions, baseline anthropometrics and cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake) were assessed and familiarization to the study protocol was provided. On experimental days, participants reported to the laboratory in the fasted state and consumed either 0.3 g/kg β-OHB ketone salts or a flavour-matched placebo at 30 min prior to engaging in cycling exercise. Subjects completed steady-state exercise at 30%, 60%, and 90% ventilatory threshold (VT) followed by a 150-kJ cycling time-trial. Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and total substrate oxidation were derived from indirect calorimetry. Plasma glucose, lactate, and ketones were measured at baseline, 30 min post-supplement, post–steady-state exercise, and immediately following the time-trial. Plasma β-OHB was elevated from baseline and throughout the entire protocol in the ketone condition (p < 0.05). RER was lower at 30% and 60% VT in the ketone compared with control condition. Total fat oxidation was greater in the ketone versus control (p = 0.05). Average time-trial power output was ∼7% lower (–16 W, p = 0.029) in the ketone condition. Ingestion of ketone salts prior to exercise increases fat oxidation during steady-state exercise but impairs high-intensity exercise performance.
Pressure-selected reactivity between 2-butyne and water induced by two-photon excitation
Authors: Guan Jiwen , Daljeet Roshan , Song Yang
Published: July 2017

High-pressure photochemistry between 2-butyne (H3CC≡CCH3) and trace amount of H2O was investigated at room temperature using multiline UV radiation at λ ≈ 350 nm and monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. Instead of the expected polymerization of 2-butyne, the IR spectral analysis suggests the formation of cis- and trans-2-butene, as well as 2-butanone, as the primary products. The possible reaction mechanisms and production pathways of these products were examined, where the dissociation of water molecule as the other reactant is believed as the essential step of the photochemical reaction. We further found that initial loading pressure of the mixture can not only substantially influence the reaction kinetics, but also regulate the accessibilities to some reaction channels, which was evidenced by quantitative analysis of the characteristic IR bands of 2-butene and 2-butanone. The relative abundance of two products is found to be highly dependent on pressure and radiation time. This study provides attractive physical routes in the absence of solvents, catalysts, and radical initiators, to synthesis the relevant products with a great selectivity and feasibility.
Coadjoint geometry for discretely decomposable restrictions of certain series of representations of indefinite unitary groups
Authors: Nasrin Salma
Published: July 2017

Zuckerman’s derived functor module of a semisimple Lie group [Formula: see text] yields a unitary representation [Formula: see text] which may be regarded as a geometric quantization of an elliptic orbit [Formula: see text] in the Kirillov–Kostant–Duflo orbit philosophy. We highlight a certain family of those irreducible unitary representations [Formula: see text] of the indefinite unitary group [Formula: see text] and a family of subgroups [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that the restriction [Formula: see text] is known to be discretely decomposable and multiplicity-free by the general theory of Kobayashi (Discrete decomposibility of the restrictions of [Formula: see text] with respect to reductive subgroups, II, Ann. of Math. 147 (1998) 1–21; Multiplicity-free representations and visible action on complex manifolds, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 41 (2005) 497–549), where [Formula: see text] is not necessarily tempered and [Formula: see text] is not necessarily compact. We prove that the corresponding moment map [Formula: see text] is proper, determine the image [Formula: see text], and compute the Corwin–Greenleaf multiplicity function explicitly.
A stochastic reaction-diffusion model for protein aggregation on DNA
Authors: Voulgarakis Nikolaos K.
Published: July 2017

Vital functions of DNA, such as transcription and packaging, depend on the proper clustering of proteins on the double strand. The present study investigates how the interplay between DNA allostery and electrostatic interactions affects protein clustering. The statistical analysis of a simple but transparent computational model reveals two major consequences of this interplay. First, depending on the protein and salt concentration, protein filaments exhibit a bimodal DNA stiffening and softening behavior. Second, within a certain domain of the control parameters, electrostatic interactions can cause energetic frustration that forces proteins to assemble in rigid spiral configurations. Such spiral filaments might trigger both positive and negative supercoiling, which can ultimately promote gene compaction and regulate the promoter. It has been experimentally shown that bacterial histone-like proteins assemble in similar spiral patterns and/or exhibit the same bimodal behavior. The proposed model can, thus, provide computational insights into the physical mechanisms used by proteins to control the mechanical properties of the DNA.
Generalized hereditary Noetherian prime rings
Authors: Akalan E. , Marubayashi H. , Ueda A.
Published: July 2017

The polynomial rings over hereditary Noetherian prime rings have global dimension 2 and any two-sided ideal which is either left [Formula: see text]-ideal or right [Formula: see text]-ideal is left and right projective. By using the latter property, we define the concept of generalized hereditary Noetherian prime rings (G-HNP rings). We study the structure of projective ideals in G-HNP rings and some overrings of G-HNP rings. As it is shown in the examples, the class of G-HNP rings ranges from rings with global dimension 2 to rings with infinite global dimension and Noetherian prime rings with global dimension 2 are not necessarily G-HNP rings.
Some cells in the weighted Coxeter group (C̃n,ℓ̃2n)
Authors: Huang Qian
Published: July 2017

The affine Coxeter group ([Formula: see text]) can be realized as the fixed point set of the affine Coxeter group ([Formula: see text]) under a certain group automorphism [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be the length function of [Formula: see text]. Then the left and two-sided cells of the weighted Coxeter group ([Formula: see text]) can be described explicitly as subsets of ([Formula: see text]). We study the cells of ([Formula: see text]) in the set [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Our main result is to show that [Formula: see text] is a two-sided cell of [Formula: see text] which is two-sided connected and that any left cell of [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] is left-connected.
Endoprime modules and their direct sums
Authors: Lee Gangyong , Rizvi S. Tariq
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this paper is to further study the endoprime modules as one of the special classes of quasi-Baer modules. As a module theoretic analogue of a prime ring, we characterize an endoprime module via its endomorphism ring and a weak retractability condition. It is shown that any direct summand of an endoprime module is an endoprime module. A characterization is obtained when a direct sum of endoprime modules is an endoprime module. It is well known that every prime ring is semicentral reduced. We prove that a column (and row) finite matrix ring over a semicentral reduced ring is also a semicentral reduced ring. Consequently, it is shown that a column (and row) finite matrix ring over a prime ring is prime. Applications and examples illustrating our results are provided.
New simple algorithms for computing the minimal polynomial of cos(2π/n)
Authors: Bouazizi Faïçal , Guetif Zaineb , Hidouri Sami
Published: July 2017

The editor in chief was alerted to the fact that part of the paper was from M. F. Bouazizi's former PhD supervisor Annick Valibouze, as testified by the registration of the original paper on October 3, 2006 on the university platform: http://www.lsta.upmc.fr/prepublications R2006_5.pdf.

This article was therefore, retracted from its publication in DMAA.
Encoding Arguments
Authors: Morin Pat , Mulzer Wolfgang , Reddad Tommy
Published: July 2017

Many proofs in discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science are based on the probabilistic method. To prove the existence of a good object, we pick a random object and show that it is bad with low probability. This method is effective, but the underlying probabilistic machinery can be daunting. “Encoding arguments” provide an alternative presentation in which probabilistic reasoning is encapsulated in a “uniform encoding lemma.” This lemma provides an upper bound on the probability of an event using the fact that a uniformly random choice from a set of size
n
cannot be encoded with fewer than log
2
n
bits on average. With the lemma, the argument reduces to devising an encoding where bad objects have short codewords.

In this expository article, we describe the basic method and provide a simple tutorial on how to use it. After that, we survey many applications to classic problems from discrete mathematics and computer science. We also give a generalization for the case of non-uniform distributions, as well as a rigorous justification for the use of non-integer codeword lengths in encoding arguments. These latter two results allow encoding arguments to be applied more widely and to produce tighter results.
"Interactive text analytics for user-generated content" by Raheleh Makki with Prateek Jain as coordinator
Authors: Makki Raheleh
Published: July 2017

The rapid growth of social media platforms, weblogs and online forums has made the volume of user-generated content increase exponentially in recent years. User-generated content is different from traditional documents in structure, length, and semantics. Consequently, applying traditional natural language processing and text mining methods to emerging and challenging text mining problems does not always achieve satisfactory results. In other words, as data changes, their characteristics and features change, and therefore the solutions that rely on certain assumptions about the data, which may no longer be valid, fail to perform as expected. In addition, the users' information needs may change over time, and hence are the type of applications that provide answers to these needs.
GreenLAPP
Authors: Gabriel Maria Alejandra
Published: July 2017

The work focuses on using the digital change as a collective chance for a better citizen information and communication. The objective of this work is to develop the concept promoting "location-aware civic participation" within the digital domain. The concept "GreenLAPP" is especially developed for the implementation in urban public green areas and it is based on the model concept "LAPP" (
L
ocation
A
ware
P
ublic
P
articipation) for mobile users. The purpose of the concept GreenLAPP is to create a digital platform for the visitors or users of the public green areas for communication and also participation in planning processes targeting urban issues. Such planning processes involve different stakeholders. This work will contribute to the growth of the digital infrastructure and the sustainable development in the cities of tomorrow. A further aim of the concept is to reduce the time required in relation to analogical surveys and networking by urban planning processes. Furthermore, it includes elements of Ubiquitous Computing, as a priority issue. Therefore, "POIC-Elements" (Point of Information and Communication) have been conceived as a real digital communication portal for the users and for being placed along the public green areas. The model concept LAPP and the sub-concept GreenLAPP were developed in the context of the interdisciplinary and cooperative dissertation project "Urban Cultural Landscape in the Information Age" of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Bonn.
How healthy are DocEng, JCDL and UMAP series of conferences?
Authors: Agarwal Swati , Mittal Nitish , Sureka Ashish
Published: July 2017

ACM SIGWEB sponsors and supports several conferences covering a wide range of topics. UMAP, JCDL and DocEng are three of the many sponsored conferences by ACM SIGWEB. UMAP, JCDL and DocEng are reputed conferences, being held for several years and has a large community of contributing authors and PC members. In this article, we present a study on the health of these three conferences based on several factors and metrics such as stability, openness, inbreeding, representativeness and sustainability. Studying the health of a conferences provides a reflection and historical overview in-terms of its performance which can be used by the conference community to bring improvements and ensure that the conference is meeting its desired objectives. We conduct statistical analysis and information visualization on the conference data downloaded from DBLP, ACM Digital Library web-pages and conference websites. Our analysis reveals that overall all the three conferences are showing good health indicators. We do observe variances in metrics values across conferences and within conferences across years.
Storytelling machines for video search
Authors: Habibian Amirhossein
Published: July 2017

This thesis studies the fundamental question: what vocabulary of concepts are suited for machines to describe video content? The answer to this question involves two annotation steps: First, to specify a list of concepts by which videos are described. Second, to label a set of videos per concept as its examples or counter examples. Subsequently, the vocabulary is constructed as a set of video concept detectors learned from the provided annotations by supervised learning.
Semantic-aware content delivery framework for 3D tele-immersion
Authors: Chen Chien-nan
Published: July 2017

3D Tele-immersion (3DTI) technology allows full-body, multimodal interaction among geographically dispersed users, which opens a variety of possibilities in cyber collaborative applications such as art performance, exergaming, and physical rehabilitation. However, with its great potential, the resource and quality demands of 3DTI rise inevitably, especially when some advanced applications target resource-limited computing environments with stringent scalability demands. Under these circumstances, the tradeoffs between 1) resource requirements, 2) content complexity, and 3) user satisfaction in delivery of 3DTI services are magnified.
Network streaming and compression for mixed reality tele-immersion
Authors: Mekuria Rufael
Published: July 2017

The Internet is used for distributed shared experiences such as video conferencing, voice calls (possibly in a group), chatting, photo sharing, online gaming and virtual reality. These technologies are changing our daily lives and the way we interact with each other. The current rapid advances in 3D depth sensing and 3D cameras are enabling acquisition of highly realistic reconstructed 3D representations. These natural scene representations are often based on 3D point clouds or 3D Meshes. Integration of these data in distributed shared experiences can have a large impact on the way we work and interact online. Such shared experiences may enable 3D Tele-immersion and Mixed reality that combine real and synthetic contents in a virtual world. However, it poses many challenges to the existing Internet infrastructure. A large part of the challenge is due to the shear volume of reconstructed 3D data. End-to-End Internet connections are bandlimited and currently cannot support real-time end-to-end transmission of uncompressed 3D point cloud or mesh scans with hundreds of thousands of points (over 15 Megabytes per frame) captured at a fast rate (over 10 frames per second). Therefore the volume of the 3D data requires development of methods for efficient compression and transmission, possibly taking application and user specific requirements into account. In addition, sessions often need to be setup between different software and devices such as browsers, desktop applications, mobile applications or server side applications. For this reason interoperability is required. This introduces the need for standardisation of data formats, compression techniques and signalling (session management). In the case of mixed reality in a social networking context, users may use different types of reconstructed and synthetic 3D content (from simple avatar commands, to highly realistic 3D reconstructions based on 3D Mesh or Point Clouds). Therefore such signalling should take into account that different types of user-setups exist, from simple to very advanced, that can each join shared sessions and interact.
ICER 2017 preview
Authors: Tenenberg Josh , Chinn Donald , Malmi Lauri , Korhonen Ari , Sheard Judy
Published: July 2017

We invite you to the 13th annual International Computing Education Research (ICER) conference to be held in Tacoma, Washington, USA, August 18-20, 2017. The ICER conference is a now well-established forum for high-quality research in computing education.
ACM Turing 50th celebration conference in China
Authors: Settle Amber
Published: July 2017

This year ACM is celebrating 50 years of the A. M. Turing Award, an award given for major contributions of lasting importance to computing. As part of those celebrations, a conference was held May 12-14, 2017 in Shanghai, China. The ACM Turing 50th Celebration Conference in China brought together three recipients of the Turing award---Vinton Cerf, John Hopcroft, and Andrew Yao---well as numerous other distinguished guests to talk about old and new developments in computer science. One of my favorite presenters was Kai-Fu Lee, currently at Sinovation Ventures, who spoke about quantum computing and artificial intelligence. Nine ACM Special Interest Groups held symposia at the conference, including SIGCSE.
SIGCSE chair report
Authors: Settle Amber
Published: July 2017

The annual SIGCSE report is submitted each July to ACM.
Managing Street-Level Arbitrariness: The Evidence Base for Public Sector Quality Improvement
Authors: Ho Daniel E. , Sherman Sam
Published: July 2017

Decentralized decisions among government officials can cause dramatic inconsistencies in bureaucratic decision making. This article provides a synthetic review of the evidence base for improving the quality of bureaucratic decisions and reducing such street-level arbitrariness. First, we offer a typology to unify quality assurance management techniques often treated in distinct scholarly literatures. This synthesis reveals common challenges but also points to novel hybrid solutions that borrow across management techniques. Second, although empirical evidence is limited, our review suggests that ongoing management techniques, such as monitoring, peer review, and pay-for-performance, are more successful than ex post techniques, such as audits and appeals. Third, performance measurement and pay exacerbate the quantity–quality trade-off long opined about in public administration. We offer suggestions for future directions—most importantly, the vital role of academic-agency research collaborations in crafting quality improvement efforts—to address this endemic challenge to bureaucracy and rule of law.
Recent Trends in Ovarian Cancer Incidence and Relative Survival in the United States by Race/Ethnicity and Histologic Subtypes
Authors: Park Hyo K. , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Cote Michele L.
Published: July 2017

Background: Incidence and survival rates of nonserous epithelial ovarian cancer in racial/ethnic minorities remain relatively unknown in the United States. We examined the trends in incidence and survival rates for epithelial ovarian cancer by histologic subtypes and race/ethnicity.

Methods: Ovarian cancer incidence and mortality data from 2000 to 2013 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Age-adjusted incidence rate, incidence rate ratio, and annual percentage changes (APC) were calculated by histology and race/ethnicity subgroups and stratified by age at diagnosis. Five-year relative survival rates were calculated by stage and race/ethnicity.

Results: A small but significant decrease in incidence rates was seen in non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB), and Hispanic women (APC −1.58, −0.84, and −1.31, respectively), while incidence rates remained relatively stable in Asian women (APC −0.37). With exception of significant increase in the incidence rate of clear cell carcinoma among Asian woman (APC 1.85), an overall trend toward decreasing incidence rates was seen across histologic subtypes and age-strata, although not all results were statistically significant. Compared with NHW women, NHB women experienced poorer 5-year survival at every stage across histologic subtypes, while Hispanic and Asian women had equivalent or better survival.

Conclusions: Over the last decade, incidence rates of epithelial ovarian cancer in the United States have decreased or remained stable across race/ethnic and histologic subgroups, except for clear cell carcinoma. Survival remains poorest among NHB women.

Impact: Comparative histologic subtype distribution and incidence trends do not explain the ovarian cancer survival disparity disproportionately affecting NHB women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(10); 1511–8. ©2017 AACR.