bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery and Discrimination of Bridge Engineering Safety Issues by BIM Virtual Scene Combined with Robotic Mapping
Authors: Gong Guilin , Zeng Shaowu , Gao Jingjing , Zhang Qingliang , Wang Xinli
Published: April 2023

All along, safety accidents in the field of bridge construction have continued to arise, costing society's development financial and material resources and taking away people’s personal safety, turning into an urgent need for safety managers in the field to solve the subject research. Researchers look forward to continued innovative exploration to find new ways of working safely and using them in the construction industry. On this basis, BIM virtual scenes are introduced to create a universal scene specification dataset in the field of bridge construction and a dataset of unsafe potential hazard characteristics in the field of bridge construction. Nanobots are artificial intelligence systems built to simulate biological nanomachine constructions in life activities and important biological events in life processes. In this paper, BIM virtual scenarios incorporating intelligent nanomaterial robot mapping technology are migrated to bridge engineering safety management. According to the collected construction scene images and BIM (building information model) virtual scenes, build the construction scene dataset, use intelligent robots to obtain construction scenes, and load them into the trained construction on-the-spot neural network modeling to complete the bridge construction scene identification safety discrimination to select more comprehensive and more stringent management solutions as safety management personnel management methods on-the-spot.
Using Reinforcement Learning to Handle the Unintended Lateral Attack in the Intelligent Connected Vehicle Environment
Authors: Huang Luoyi , Ma Wanjing , Wang Ling , An Kun
Published: April 2023

It is widely accepted that an unintended lateral attack is inevitable in the intelligent connected vehicle environment. This paper explores the feasibility of a reinforcement learning method named PPO (Proximal Policy Optimization) to handle the unintended lateral attack and keep the vehicle stay in the ego lane. Based on the China highway design guide, the discrete speed variants of 120 km/h, 100 km/h, and 80 km/h were selected, along with different curvatures ranging from 250 m to 1200 m in every 50 m as combinations of speed-curvature test. The tests were implemented in the Open.ai CarRacing-v0 simulation environment with an external racing wheel attached to simulate the unintended lateral attack. The simulation results show that the PPO can handle the unintended lateral attack on the standard-designed highway in China. The results can be applied to the intelligent connected vehicle to be mass-produced in the future.
Conservative Management of Mesenteric Panniculitis in a Remote Island
Authors: Gavriilidis Paschalis , de’ Angelis Nicola
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) includes a spectrum of nonspecific fibroinflammatory disorders of unknown aetiology that affects mainly the root of the mesentery. Case Report. A 68-year-old man is incidentally diagnosed with MP during follow-up investigation for a fusiform coeliac artery aneurysm. Four years since the diagnosis, he is completely asymptomatic. After discussing with him and presenting the current evidence, he decided not to proceed with biopsy because the finding was incidental and he is asymptomatic. Moreover, tumour markers were within the normal range. He has been scheduled for annual follow-ups with computerized tomography (CT) scans and tumour markers. Conclusions. MP is a rare chronic fibroinflammatory disease with contradictory evidence regarding its definition and management. Watchful follow-ups with CT scan and tumour markers are recommended for asymptomatic patients.
Dim Indoor Light Photovoltaic Performance Improvement of Y-Series Acceptor via Halogenation of Terminal Group
Authors: Kim Sunghyun , Baek Ho Eon , Saeed Muhammad Ahsan , Kim Tae Hyuk , Chen Shuhao , Ahn Hyungju , Lee Wooseop , Kim Yun-Hi , Shim Jae Won
Published: April 2023

The widespread use of Internet-of-things (IoT) devices has inspired researchers to adopt unique material design strategies to realize efficient indoor organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems. However, despite acceptor halogenation being an effective strategy for modulating OPV properties, studies on the systematic examination of nonfullerene acceptor- (NFA-) OPVs under dim indoor light using the halogenation approach are scarce. This study evaluates the performance of NFA-OPVs under indoor light by employing a halogenation approach with Y6-derivatives. The choice of the chlorination or fluorination unit in an NFA significantly affects the indoor performance of OPVs. The champion OPV devices with a chlorinated acceptor demonstrated excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5% compared to that of the fluorinated acceptor (PCE: 22.5%) under 1000-lx light-emitting-diode (LED) illumination. Moreover, suitable energy levels, satisfactory spectral matching, and improved surface morphology of the chlorinated acceptors resulted in the excellent indoor performance of the OPVs. In addition, acceptor chlorination resulted in high crystallinity and planarity, which facilitated suppressed trap-assisted recombination and low open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss of OPV devices in an indoor environment.
Multivariate Image Analysis Applied to Cross-Laminated Timber: Combined Hyperspectral Near-Infrared and X-ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Buck Dietrich , Hagman Olle
Published: April 2023

Engineered wood products, such as cross-laminated timber (CLT), are becoming more popular in the designs of modern sustainable buildings. This increased production of CLT requires more robust, yet less labour-intensive means to assess the material characteristics of whole CLT panels. In exploring ways of improving efficiency, this study explores multivariate image analysis (MIA) via partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) machine learning as a means to classify CLT material features. CLT panels underwent nondestructive testing using near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging and X-ray computed tomography (CT) analysis. MIA was performed on these results to build predictive models for wood features, such as fibre alignment and knot type. The models showed that it was possible to classify material features on the surface of CLT using NIR alone; whilst when combined with X-ray data, it enhanced the predictive ability of material features throughout the CLT volume. These first results from such modelling have the potential to help map the chemical and physical material properties of CLT, improving the manufacturing efficiency of the product and allowing greater sustainability of engineered wood products.
Study on Gene Splicing Site Recognition Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Twin Support Vector Machine Algorithm for Smart Healthcare
Authors: Zhang Fuquan , Wang Yiou , Mei Peng , Dai Aibing , Wang Bo , Liu Laiyang , Xia Yong
Published: April 2023

Gene splicing site recognition is a very important research topic in smart healthcare. Gene splicing site recognition is of great significance, not only for the large-scale and high-quality computational annotation of genomes but also for the analysis and recognition of the gene sequences evolutionary process. It is urgent to study a reliable and effective algorithm for gene splice site recognition. Traditional Twin Support Vector Machine (TWSVM) algorithm has advantages in solving small-sample, nonlinear, and high-dimensional problems, but it cannot deal with parameter selection well. To avoid the blindness of parameter selection, particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to find the optimal parameters of twin support vector machine. Therefore, a Particle Swarm Optimization Twin Support Vector Machine (PSO-TWSVM) algorithm for gene splicing site recognition was proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm was compared with traditional Support Vector Machine algorithm, TWSVM algorithm, and Least Squares Support Vector Machine algorithm. The comparison results show that the positive sample recognition rate, negative sample recognition rate, and correlation coefficient (CC) of the proposed algorithm are the best among the four different support vector machine algorithms. The proposed algorithm effectively improves the recognition rate and the accuracy of splice sites. The comparison experiments verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment in Intrinsic Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: An Observational Study from South India
Authors: Rarajam Rao Abhijith , Waris Mujtaba , Saini Mamta , Thakral Meenal , Hegde Karan , Bhagwasia Manjusha , Adikari Prabha
Published: April 2023

Background. Intrinsic capacity (IC) is conceptualized by World Health Organization (WHO) with a focus on healthy aging. Identifying impairment could help in making a person-centred plan for the care of older adults. Objectives. Establish the prevalence of IC among community-dwelling older adults age >60, the prevalence of impairment in each domain, and identify factors associated with an impairment in IC. Methods. This cross-sectional observational study in the community setting included 1000 older adults aged 60 years and above in two-year study period. The 6 domains of IC including cognition, locomotor capacity, psychological, vitality, hearing, and vision were derived from the comprehensive geriatric assessment. The IC composite score was calculated based on these domains, and a higher IC score indicated greater IC. Results. During the study period, 1000 older adults, with the median age of 66.5 (IQR-63-73) were included, and 629 (62.9%) were women. Only in 157 (15.7%) community-dwelling older adults, all 6 domains were intact. Impairment in one, two, and three domains was seen in 442 (42.2%), 305 (30.5%), and 91 (9.1%), respectively. The most prevalent impaired domain was locomotor (593, 59.3%), followed by vision (441, 44.1%), hearing (193, 19.3%), cognition (106, 10.6%), mood (38, 3.8%), and vitality (37, 3.7%). The factors associated with lower IC included increasing age (β-coefficient −0.01, 95% CI: −0.02 to −0.01,

p

value = 0.002), impaired activities of daily living (β-coefficient −0.13, 95% CI: −0.49 to −0.18,

p

value <0.001), and chronic neurologic illness (β-coefficient −0.10, 95% CI: −0.77 to −0.18,

p

value = 0.001). Conclusions. In conclusion, we found that impairment in IC was frequent in community-dwelling older adults, and it is associated with age, presence of chronic neurologic illness, and declining functionality. The adoption of IC should be seen as an opportunity to disseminate geriatric care in our healthcare systems which lack the necessary attention to the needs of older persons.
The Global, Regional, National Burden of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (1990–2019) and Predictions to 2035
Authors: Guo Aiyuan , Liu Xiajing , Li Heqing , Cheng Wenwei , Song Yexun
Published: April 2023

Objective. The aim of the study is to provide the burden of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in 21 regions, 204 countries, and territories from 1990 to 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI) and to predict the global burden of cSCC to 2035. Methods. We use estimates from 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to conduct the analysis and prediction. The burden of cSCC was estimated for 21 regions, 204 countries, and territories from 1990 to 2019, through a systematic analysis of incidence, death, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) modelled data using the methods reported in the GBD 2019 study. We predicted the age-standardized incidence rates to 2035 at the global, regional, and national level. Results. There were 2,402,221 global incidence cases and 356,054 deaths in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate was 30.3 and the age-standardized death rate was 0.7. cSCC, which caused 1.2 million DALYs with an ASR of 14.6 in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate increased by 36.1%, death rate increased by 6.1%, and DALY rate increased by 1.5% globally. At the regional level, the highest age-standardized incidence rate was found in high-income North America, the highest death and DALY rates were shown in Australasia. At the national level, Canada had the highest age-standardized incidence and DALY rates in 2019, and the highest death rate was shown in Tonga. A total of 11 GBD regions and 114 countries were predicted to increase in age-standardized incidence rates between 2019 and 2035, respectively. Conclusions. The cSCC is a major global public health challenge and the burden was often underestimated. The burden is increasing in most countries, especially in countries such as Canada, China, and regions such as Caribbean.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma, Photodynamic Therapy with Two Photosensitizers, and Diode Laser on Primary Mandibular Second Molar Root Canals Infected with Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Haghighi Leyli , Azizi Arash , Vatanpour Mehdi , Ramezani Gholamhossein
Published: April 2023

Objectives. This study aimed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), photodynamic therapy (PDT) with two photosensitizers (PSs), and diode laser for disinfection of primary mandibular second molar root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Materials and Methods. In this in vitro experimental study, 50 primary second primary molars underwent chemomechanical preparation of root canals. The root canals were then inoculated with E. faecalis. After 3 weeks of incubation, the teeth were randomly assigned to five groups of CAP, 940 nm diode laser, PDT with 445 nm laser and curcumin PS, PDT with 660 nm laser and methylene blue (MB) PS, and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Samples were collected from the vortexed root canals and cultured on agar, and the number of colonies was counted. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results. The percentage of reduction in bacterial count was significantly different among the study groups (P<0.001). The highest reduction in bacterial count was noted in 2.5% NaOCl and the lowest in 940 nm diode laser group. The difference in bacterial count reduction between 445 nm laser + curcumin and 660 nm laser + MB (P=0.989), and CAP and NaOCl (P=1.000) groups was not significant. Conclusion. CAP was found to be more effective than PDT and diode laser as an adjunct to mechanical root canal disinfection of primary molars for elimination of E. faecalis and can serve as an alternative to 2.5% NaOCl irrigation.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Promotes the Tumorigenesis, Lymphangiogenesis, and Lymphatic Metastasis in Cervical Cancer via Activating VEGFC-Mediated AKT and ERK Pathways
Authors: Chen Xiao , Lin Luping , Wu Qiaoling , Li Sang , Wang Huihui , Sun Yang
Published: April 2023

Background. Lymphatic metastasis is a common phenomenon of cervical cancer. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was found to be closely associated with lymphatic cancer metastasis. However, the mechanism through which TNF-α regulates lymphatic metastasis in cervical cancer remains unclear. Methods. In this study, cervical cancer cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with or without TNF-α for 48 h, and then the corresponding conditional medium (CM-TNF-α or CM) was collected. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFC) in the corresponding CM was then detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Next, human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) were cultured in CM-TNF-α or CM for 48 h. Cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and angiogenesis was detected using a tube formation assay. Subsequently, the expressions of AKT, p-AKT, ERK, and p-ERK in HLECs were detected using western blotting. In addition, to further investigate the effect of TNF-α on the progression of cervical cancer, a C33A subcutaneous xenograft model was established in vivo. Results. We found that TNF-α significantly stimulated cervical cancer cells to secrete VEGFC. Additionally, the CM collected from the TNF-α-treated cervical cancer cells notably promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HLECs; however, these changes were reversed by MAZ51, a VEGFR3 inhibitor. Moreover, TNF-α obviously elevated D2-40 and VEGFC protein expressions in tumor tissues, promoting lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in vivo. Meanwhile, TNF-α markedly upregulated p-AKT and p-ERK expressions in tumor tissues, whereas these changes were reversed by MAZ51. Conclusion. Collectively, TNF-α could promote tumorigenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and lymphatic metastasis in vitro and in vivo in cervical cancer via activating VEGFC-mediated AKT and ERK pathways. These results may provide new directions for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Effects of Deep Hyperthermia Combined with Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy on Liver-Kidney Function, Immune Function, and Long-Term Survival in Patients with Abdominal Metastases
Authors: Zhang Yan , Lu Xiaomin , Ji Haoming , Zheng Liangfeng , Chen Guodong , Qian Ye
Published: April 2023

Objectives. To analyze the effects of deep hyperthermia combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy on liver-kidney function, immune function, and long-term survival in patients with abdominal metastases. Methods. A total of 88 patients with abdominal metastases confirmed in the hospital were enrolled as the research objects between August 2018 and August 2021. They were randomly divided into control group (n = 44) and observation group (n = 44). The control group was treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy, while observation group was additionally treated with deep hyperthermia. The general clinical data of patients were recorded. The short-term and long-term curative effects were evaluated. The occurrence of side effects in both groups was recorded. Before and after treatment, levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were detected by full-automatic biochemical analyzer. The level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was detected by the urease electrode method. The level of serum creatinine (Scr) was detected by the picric acid method. The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and NK cells were detected by BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer. Results. There was no significant difference in clinical data between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). In the observation group, ORR was significantly higher than that in the control group (54.55% vs 29.55%) (

P
<
0.05

), OS was significantly longer than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

), and median survival time and mPFS were longer than those in the control group. After treatment, the levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and Scr were significantly increased in the control group (

P
<
0.05

), but there was no significant difference in peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio or count of NK cells before and after treatment (

P
>
0.05

). Before and after treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and Scr in the observation group (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio and count of NK cells were all increased in the observation group, significantly higher than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of chemotherapy side effects in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The short-term and long-term curative effects of deep hyperthermia combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy are good on patients with intraperitoneal metastases, with less damage to liver-kidney function. It is beneficial to enhance immune function of patients, with mild side effects.
Optimization of Activated Carbon Fiber Preparation from Hemp Fiber through Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate for Application of Thermal Storage System
Authors: Natrayan L. , Kaliappan S. , Subramanian S. Chinnasamy , Patil Pravin P. , Sekar S. D. , Rao Y. Sesha , Bayu Melkamu Beyene
Published: April 2023

With significant benefits over many other commercialised thermal storage methods, activated carbon fiber (ACF) is believed to be among the finest biosorbents for adsorbent purposes. If correctly made, it is an outstanding mesoporous lightweight material with micropores and, in most cases, no micropores. ACF’s higher bulk densities and great dynamic capacity demonstrate its value and are used in adsorbent technologies. The present study’s primary goal is to create active carbon fiber from organic hemp fiber. The following parameters were selected: (i) activating temperatures, (ii) activating timing, (iii) carbonization temperature, (iv) activating ingredient %ages, and (v) speed of activation temperature, all with four levels to achieve the goal. Taguchi optimization techniques were used to optimize the adsorbent characteristics. The current study used an L16 orthogonal array to accomplish that improvement. According to the previous Taguchi, the optimal conditions were 300°C combustions, insemination with 22.5% [Formula: see text] K2HPO4 solution, and activating at 800°C for 3 hours at 20°C/min. The greatest contribution is 54.75%, followed by the rate of temperature activation at 23.35%, carbonated temperature at 10.14%, duration of stimulation at 8.82%, and H3PO4 concentrations at 2.94%. The results show that the activation temperature and rate of the temperature of activations are the essential elements in the current study’s accomplishment of the best adsorption capacities.
A Blockchain-Oriented Framework for Cloud-Assisted System to Countermeasure Phishing for Establishing Secure Smart City
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Goel Vikas , Ranjan Raju , Altuwairiqi Majid , Alyami Hashem , Asakipaam Simon Atuah
Published: April 2023

The information that is saved in the cloud about users is protected by a number of different safeguards in order to facilitate the development of smart cities. Phishing and other forms of social engineering are two examples of misleading tactics that may be used by hostile actors to get sensitive information about users. Phishing is still the first step of a multistage assault, despite the significant technological advancements that have been made to it in recent years. Phishing kits have evolved to become attack tools that are much simpler, more user-friendly, and more readily available as time has gone. Indicators of a successful phishing assault include using foreign characters in the URL, typosquatting of prominent domain names, reserved characters in redirections, and multichain phishing. When papers with these types of phishing URLs are uploaded to cloud storage, hackers get a helping push in the right direction. The use of cloud servers in the commission of these assaults is becoming more common. The currently available software to disallow list phishing URLs does not provide sufficient protection against multilevel phishing and instead places the onus of safety on the user to protect themselves. In addition, the immutability of blockchain data and the avalanche effect both demonstrate their effectiveness as crucial safety measures. In view of the recent advances in technology, we suggest an implementation of filtering that is based on blockchain technology to safeguard the cloud-based data of users. The Phish Block that has been presented is able to recognize homographic phishing URLs with an accuracy of 91 percent, thus ensuring the security of cloud storage.
Fractal Dimension Image Processing for Feature Extraction and Morphological Analysis: Gd3+/13X/DOX/FA MRI Nanocomposite
Authors: Ghaderi Sadegh
Published: April 2023

One of the most fundamental subjects in nanoscience and nanotechnology is structural analysis. We employed a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the manufactured Gd3+/13X/DOX/FA nanocomposite in this study. The size, dimensions, and morphology of nanocomposite materials were studied to ensure the uniformity and homogeneity of SEM images. This is the first study to look at segmented SEM images for fractal dimension (FD) and other statistical criteria, including average, maximum, minimum, skewness, and range for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanocomposite. The average of FD (FDavg), the standard deviation of FD (FDsd), and the lacunarity of FD (FDlac) fractal data analysis criteria were also employed. The findings show that particle sizes and shapes vary because the minimum-to-maximum range is not zero, and our data provide a reasonable range. This interpretation is further supported by an analysis of the nanocomposite’s SEM image. At first glance, the image seemed to be uniform. However, when the calculations were performed, it was discovered that the generated particles were not particularly uniform. The particles were uniformly dispersed throughout all surfaces, although their sizes, dimensions, and morphologies varied. In conclusion, the study was supported by fractal data analysis, emphasizing the importance of structural analysis for future research, particularly for medical applications like MRI.
In Situ Forming MnFe2O4/D201 Magnetic Composite Adsorbents for High Selectivity Adsorption and Deep Treatment of As(V) from Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Shaopeng , Ding Jie , Tian Dayong , Liu Feifei , Li Qiaoling , Lu Minghua
Published: April 2023

A new magnetic adsorbent, namely, MnFe2O4/D201, with deep-treatment ability and high selectivity adsorption for As(V) was prepared. According to isotherm adsorption and kinetics, As(V) adsorption is primarily used for chemical bonding throughout the single-layer adsorbing process. The maximum As(V) adsorption capacity of MnFe2O4/D201 can reach 35.8 mg/g at pH 3. MnFe2O4/D201 also exhibits higher selectivity adsorption against Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, and PO4 3-. According to the thermodynamic results, the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption capacity is maintained at 81% of the initial after ten adsorption-desorption cycles. As(V) concentrations ranging from 1 mg/L to 10  μg/L can be treated in fixed-bed column experiments. The effectual cure volume of As(V) reaches 1332 BV (26.64 L). The removal mechanism primarily comprises electrostatic attraction and complexation.
Robustness Analysis of BAM Cellular Neural Network with Deviating Arguments of Generalized Type
Authors: Fang Wenxiang , Xie Tao , Li Biwen
Published: April 2023

By generating equivalent integral equations, we analyze the existence and uniqueness of solutions of bidirectional associative memory cellular neural network (BAMCNN) with deviating arguments firstly. Secondly, the question of robustness of stability (RoS) of BAMCNN with deviating argument is studied. Using the Gronwall inequality, we calculate the upper bounds of the interference intensities that can maintain the initial stability of system. The perturbed BAMCNN will maintain its original stability if the strength of one or more perturbations is less than the upper bounds that we calculated in this study. To demonstrate the validity of the conjectural values, a variety of numerical illustrations are provided.
Antimicrobial Activity of Quinoa Protein Hydrolysate against Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli
Authors: Mahdavi-Yekta Mina , Reihani S. Fatemeh S. , Mohammadi Mehrdad
Published: April 2023

Quinoa seed, as a rich source of protein with strong antioxidant properties, plays an important role in improving consumers’ nutrition. This study was aimed at comparing the antimicrobial activity of peptides from quinoa hydrolysed proteins (QHP) on Streptococcus pyogenes as a Gram-positive and Escherichia coli as a Gram-negative bacterium with gentamicin antibiotic as a positive control. Different enzymatic ratios of pepsin and alcalase (30–90 AU/kg protein) at different temperatures (50–55°C) and times (150–210 min) were used to determine the optimal conditions for peptide hydrolysis with the highest antimicrobial properties. Similar to gentamicin, the maximum growth inhibition zones were 11.88 ± 0.37 mm and 12.49 ± 0.58 mm for S. pyogenes and E. coli, respectively, with an enzyme/substrate ratio as 60 AU/kg protein, a peptides concentration of 800 μg/ml, and at 50°C for 150 min of hydrolysis. The results showed that QHP has a good inhibitory effect on the bacteria mentioned and can be used as a food preservative.
Intoxicación por antidepresivos tricíclicos
Authors: Vasquez Arancibia Valentina , Lara Bárbara , Basauri Sofía
Published: April 2023

Introducción: el paciente intoxicado sigue siendo un desafío para el personal de salud. La intoxicación por antidepresivos tricíclicos (ATC) es un diagnóstico frecuente y una patología que puede llegar a ser muy grave. A pesar de que ha cambiado el objetivo terapéutico de estos fármacos a lo largo de los años, la alta disponibilidad de estos hace que su uso para intento de autolisis siga presentándose. Su presentación clínica es variada y dado el riesgo de mortalidad asociada, es importante que esta patología sea rápidamente reconocida por los médicos que los reciben para iniciar un manejo oportuno y eficaz. Objetivo: presentar el enfrentamiento inicial y manejo terapéutico de la intoxicación por ATC desde la perspectiva de la medicina de urgencia. Método: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura científica sobre el manejo de un paciente intoxicado por ATC. Se presenta la evidencia actual de las intervenciones terapéuticas más utilizadas. respecto al manejo inicial y enfrentamiento de la intoxicación por antidepresivos tricíclicos, en el contexto de la atención en un servicio de urgencia. Conclusión: la intoxicación por ATC puede presentarse con síntomas leves y signos precoces, así como con síntomas graves e incluso fatales, dados principalmente por complicaciones cardiovasculres y neurológicas. Su manejo se basa en el reconocimiento precoz, medidas de soporte y terapias específicas según la clínica que presente.
Uso de Sistema Vivostat® como hemoderivado sellador de abordajes en cirugía ortognática y reconstrucciones de los maxilares, reporte de 23 casos
Authors: Tapia C. Pedro , Saroza E. Marcelo , Arrué D. Pablo , Mordoh Cucurella Sebastián , Guerrero G. María Ignacia
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como propósito presentar 23 casos operados en distintas prácticas privadas, donde se utilizaron adhesivos de fibrina para: cirugía ortognática bimaxilar, expansión palatina rápida asistida quirúrgicamente (SARPE), y reconstrucciones de rebordes atróficos maxilares y mandibulares empleando injertos e implantes. El uso del adhesivo de fibrina del sistema Vivostat® permitió no solo sellar los abordajes quirúrgicos, sino también fue un excelente complemento en estas cirugías para la cobertura de la mucosa de fosas nasales y mucosa antral que se dañan durante las osteotomías y accesos quirúrgicos. Junto con adquirir ventajas, como variabilidad de factores de crecimiento y protección de los injertos subyacentes en las regiones operadas, se obtienen asimismo una posible disminución de la incidencia en los sangramientos postoperatorios, principalmente epistaxis; con lo cual se brinda al paciente una mejor recuperación en el postoperatorio y evita la posibilidad de dehiscencias y, o aperturas de heridas operatorias con exposición de injertos y de elementos de osteosíntesis subyacentes.
Salud mental de niños, niñas y adolescentes durante la pandemia COVID-19: descripción de diagnósticos atendidos en urgencia psiquiátrica Hospital Las Higueras, Talcahuano
Authors: Retamal Parra María Dorca , Muñoz Pareja Maritza
Published: April 2023

Introducción: la pandemia por coronavirus COVID-19, es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, la cual ha provocado cambios sin precedentes en la vida de niños, niñas y adolescentes debido al cierre de escuelas y reducción de movilidad, presentando dificultades en la salud mental, contenidas por los servicios de urgencia psiquiátrica en tiempos de mayor confinamiento y restricción. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la realidad local respecto a los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en la salud mental de niños, niñas y adolescentes. Métodos: es un estudio descriptivo transversal. Los participantes del estudio fueron la totalidad de la población infanto- juvenil (≤18 años) atendida en la urgencia psiquiátrica del Hospital Higueras de Talcahuano, Chile, entre los años 2019 y 2021 (n=1059). Resultados: las mujeres y adolescentes son el grupo mayormente consultante. El trastorno ansioso es el diagnóstico más prevalente junto a trastornos emocionales y del comportamiento. Disminuye la suicidalidad y trastornos depresivos desde la prepandemia a los años de mayor confinamiento, pero aumenta la consulta del diagnóstico de trastorno de personalidad en mujeres. El grupo de esquizofrenia, psicosis y uso de drogas aumenta en hombres adolescentes. Conclusiones: si bien no se puede generalizar por ser realidad local y no tratarse de población general, es importante destacar los grupos de riesgo en el corto y largo plazo como las mujeres, adolescentes con trastornos ansiosos. Hombres adolescentes con inicio de esquizofrenia y/o psicosis y hombres adolescentes con uso y consumo de drogas.
Retinopatía asociada a melanoma. Reporte de caso y revisión de literatura
Authors: Navarro Lazarraga Maria Isidora , Cevo Espinoza Tatiana
Published: April 2023

Introducción: La retinopatía asociada a melanoma (RAM) es un desafío para el equipo tratante de pacientes oncológicos debido a la inespecificidad del cuadro clínico y a la dificultad de realizar exámenes que ofrezcan un diagnóstico. Métodos: Paciente 55 años, sexo femenino con diagnóstico de melanoma, consulta por escotoma central asociado a síntomas visuales positivos. Resultados: Examen oftalmológico dentro de rangos normales. Electrorretinograma (ERG) estándar muestra respuesta máxima electronegativa en ambos ojos, sugerente de RAM. Discusión: El reconocimiento temprano de RAM mediante ERG tiene importancia diagnóstica, permitiendo iniciar tratamiento temprano y reducir el riesgo irreversible de daño a la retina.
Estimación de brechas de geriatras en Chile
Authors: Sarmiento Loayza Luis , Guzmán Montes René , Villalobos Dintrans Pablo , Bonatti Paredes Carla , Gallegos Cárdenas Alejandro
Published: April 2023

Antecedentes: el envejecimiento de la población chilena y la transición epidemiológica que atraviesa el país, ha incrementado la necesidad de formar, entre otros especialistas, a médicos geriatras. Objetivo: estimar la brecha de geriatras en Chile de acuerdo con necesidades epidemiológicas de la población de 65 años y más. Método: se realizó una estimación de brecha de horas de geriatra para la red de salud, a partir de una consulta a 57 geriatras de laboralmente activos de un total de 156 geriatras registrados a enero del 2021. En dicha consulta se indagó sobre tiempo de duración de consulta y frecuencia de consultas ideales de acuerdo con la capacidad funcional de las personas mayores a nivel nacional y por región obtenida de la encuesta Casen 2017. Resultados: a febrero del 2022 existe un total de 162 geriatras en Chile, cifra que equivale a un geriatra por cada 15.806 personas de 65 años y más. De acuerdo con la estimación realizada, se requeriría en Chile, un total de 1.244.689 horas de geriatra anual, equivalentes a la existencia de 589 geriatras a nivel nacional. Conclusión: según los resultados del estudio, a nivel nacional se necesitarían de un total de 589 geriatras para cubrir las necesidades de atención de las personas mayores con algún nivel de dependencia. De acuerdo con estas cifras, al primer trimestre del 2022 el país presentaría una brecha de 427 geriatras. Ante lo elevada de esta brecha, se cree necesario avanzar en estrategias de formación general en geriatría y gerontología en los equipos de salud y socio-sanitarios.
memoriam
Authors: Rojas Maria Paulina , Puschel Klaus , Moraga Lili , Montero Joaquín
Published: April 2023

La Dra. Philippa Moore, académica del Departamento de Medicina Familiar de la Universidad Católica de Chile, ha dejado una profunda huella por su aporte esencial en el desarrollo de la medicina familiar y también por su gran contribución en la educación médica en la Universidad Católica y en Chile.
Intoxicaciones por psicofármacos en Chile: Una preocupación que debemos atender
Authors: Ríos Juan Carlos
Published: April 2023

En la actualidad los medicamentos psicotrópicos según la clasificación ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud se considera una categorización de cinco grupos farmacológicos: antipsicóticos, antidepresivos, ansiolíticos, hipnóticos y estabilizadores del estado de ánimo. Estos medicamentos afectan las funciones cognitivas, psicológicas y/o el aspecto emocional en una persona.
The Lords of Kawkabān and the Transformation of the State in Early Modern Yemen (15th–17th Centuries)
Authors: Pukhovaia Ekaterina
Published: April 2023

This article reconstructs the history of a Zaydi sayyid clan, the Āl Shams al-Dīn, their rise to prominence prior to the Ottoman conquest of Yemen and their continued success in maintaining their status at the top of Yemeni socio-political hierarchies over four centuries. The article explains the reasons for the success of the family as resilient local rulers and argues that the ability of the lords of Kawkabān to build alliances with the Ottomans was a necessary step for them to keep their special status in the next state formed in Yemen—the Qasimid imamate. Their alliance with the Ottomans is placed in a broader context for comparison. Through the analysis of the position of the family in early modern Yemen continuities between three successive political regimes are demonstrated.
The Sino-Kharoṣṭhī Coins of Khotan and Their Significance for This Kingdom’s Interregional Connections
Authors: Cribb Joe
Published: April 2023

Recent discoveries have greatly increased understanding of the co-called ‘Sino- Kharoṣṭhī’ coinage of the early kings of Khotan. They confirm the chronology of the coinage in the 1st to early 2nd centuries CE, and show the framework of their internal chronology and of Khotan’s monetary system. The coins show strong links between Khotan and the territory ruled by the first four Kushan kings in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir and India. The cultural, economic and administrative contexts of the coins throw some light on why they were issued, but, as they are the only concrete evidence for Khotan at this period apart from the fragmentary commentaries in the Chinese and Tibetan chronicles written centuries later, many questions remain unanswered.
The Russian-Iranian Silk Trade during the Reign of Shāh Ṣafī I (1629–1642)
Authors: Rybar Lukas , Andreev Artem A.
Published: April 2023

This article is a case study of the Russian-Iranian silk trade, particularly during the period of the Safavid Shāh Ṣafī I (1629–1642). During his reign, substantial changes occurred in the state silk trade, which also affected the Russian-Iranian trade. This study mainly focuses on the amount of Iranian silk exported to Russia by royal merchants, the form the Russian-Iranian silk trade took and the mode of transport as well as the main trade routes. Our research is based on archival historical sources from the Russian state archives of ancient documents. The study thus aims to shine new facts on the Russian-Iranian trade relations in the early modern period.
An Enduring Prestige: Land Grants in a Princely State Census
Authors: Cannon Brian T.
Published: April 2023

This essay employs the land register of a late nineteenth-century Hindi census conducted in the princely state of Marwar (Rajasthan) to examine the durability of the tax-free (sasan) land grant regime over the course of three centuries. It evaluates the privilege sasan grants inured on their holders until the mid-twentieth century, when a series of a structural land reforms all but overnight changed the ways in which grant holders and their kin interacted with land and state authorities. The essay reads processes of land grant donation and maintenance across a wide social, economic, and ecological spectrum. In so doing, it challenges historiographical assumptions of religion as a fundamental grant donation motive in the region, as well as the idea that land relations were primarily defined by revenue extraction in early modern and colonial north India.
The Arghūn State in Qandahar and the New World Economy, 1479–1522
Authors: Anooshahr Ali
Published: April 2023

Traffic on overland routes connecting the Indian subcontinent to the Iranian Plateau and Central Asia increased from the fifteenth to the sixteenth centuries. This led to the formation of strong states in the Kabul-to-Delhi region—namely, the state ruled by the later Lodīs in north India, the embryonic Mughal state in Kabul, and the Arghūn state in Qandahar (1479–1522). This article will especially investigate the latter. Since there is no mercantile archive for this period, I will make use of narrative sources, especially the little-used “court history” of the Arghūns, the Nuṣratnāmā-i Tarkhān (completed circa 1565) in search of political and economic information.
The Social Significance of Expressions of Hierarchy, Equality, and Fraternity in Rabbinic Traditions about Moses and Aaron from the Land of Israel
Authors: Elitzur Bracha (Brachi)
Published: April 2023

This article discusses rabbinic traditions about Moses and Aaron that address questions of hierarchy, status, envy, and fraternity between the brothers. It suggests that considering the time periods and places in these traditions were written adds a crucial dimension to understanding them. Information about the social and religious challenges of the era illustrates the social dynamics at the end of the Second Temple period and in the time of the Mishnah and Talmud. This reveals an aspect of the nature of the leadership crisis and shows the positions and desires of the emerging heirs to leadership. Such an historicist approach relies on the paradigm in the literature regarding Aaron’s character. It allows for optimal understanding of trends in treatment of these traditions among the sages in the Land of Israel.
“A Great Soul Reincarnated among Gentiles:” The Attitude of Rabbi Avraham Yitzhak Hakohen Kook and Rav Tsvi Yehudah Hakohen Kook to Nietzsche
Authors: Shtamler Hagay
Published: April 2023

This essay describes the attitude of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Hakohen Kook (1865–1935) as well as that of his son, Rabbi Zvi Yehudah Hakohen Kook (1891–1982), to Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844–1900) and his philosophy. It shows that the father read Nietzsche differently from the son. The father criticizes Nietzsche profusely, while the son often mentions him appreciatively and even said that he was a great soul that reincarnated among the gentiles. The essays suggests that their dissimilar approaches resulted from the different intellectual challenges each faced due to the different cultural periods in which they lived.
Who Wears the Chain?
Authors: Lavery-Yisraeli Yonah
Published: April 2023

The recent debate regarding the eligibility of converts to Judaism (gerim) to sit on a beṯ din – a judicial panel – is unexpected. In the 19th century, when rabbis first begin to answer questions about whether or not gerim may serve on panels for the conversion of other potential gerim, the tone is consistently one of surprise: the answer was an obvious yes. In later reflections, however, the tone shifts, with increasing demands for definitive proof that no prohibition exists. But such a proof has been hard to articulate based on the classical sources. This article contends that the eligibility of a ger to sit a beṯ din was at one point obvious because such acceptance mirrors a central characteristic of classical Jewish judicial culture, which rests on welcoming strangeness and, hence, human strangers. Truth, this is, was understood to arrive through a gap rent in the familiarity that ordinarily rests between members of a community.
In Pursuit of Children’s Education Abroad: China’s Middle-Class Families and Parental Flexibility in Transient Migration to Thailand
Authors: Siriphon Aranya , Li (李江玉) Jiangyu
Published: April 2023

This article explores education-led migration among Chinese families who pursue international education for their children in Thailand. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, with data collected from 220 Chinese respondents to a survey and by means of 12 semi-structured interviews. The Chinese families emigrating from China to Chiang Mai in Thailand are representatives of the largely urbanized, well-educated middle-class families that today practice a circulatory transnational migration for the purpose of obtaining an education for their children. The findings show that compared with the conventional pathway of upper middle-class Chinese families emigrating to Western developed countries, middle-class Chinese families in Chiang Mai have adopted transient migratory practices for enhancing their children’s international education. The article discusses the childcare arrangements, division of parental responsibilities, income-earning activities, and desire for a good personal lifestyle among Chinese parents with children undergoing education in Chang Mai.
Sweet Return and Bitter Memories: Rethinking Coffee Culture and Overseas Return Migration from Europe to Rural Fujian, China
Authors: Jemec (宋钧瑭) Sebastjan
Published: April 2023

This ethnography examines coffee habits among return migrants in their place of origin in a rural county in Fujian. Many migrants occupy low-skill jobs in the catering and textile industry in Italy, Austria, and Hungary. I argue that coffee does not represent an identification with cosmopolitanism, but rather evokes memories of hardships these migrants are subject to during their overseas stay. The deeper implication of this study lies in the rethinking of overseas return migration. Through rethinking the practice and embedded memories of coffee culture, I assess the meaning of overseas migration for rural return migrants. Their return is happening at a time when overseas emigration is not the only road to economic advancement, as it was two decades ago when the localized phenomenon of overseas emigration was at its peak.
“Chinese, Yet Not Chinese”: Creolized Babas, China-Born Chinese, and Their Changing Relationships in Singapore after 1870s
Authors: Ong (王纯强) Soon Keong
Published: April 2023

This article examines the factors behind the changing relationships between Chinese born in Singapore, i.e. the so-called Babas, and Chinese born in China from the late nineteenth century to the early 1930s. It observes that while their interactions were congenial and interdependent in the nineteenth century, they became increasingly contentious and antagonistic into the early twentieth century. Because the Babas had settled outside China and created a creolized culture through localization and Westernization, their supposed straying from Chinese culture and distancing from China were used by scholars and the Chinese themselves to explain the growing gulf between the Babas and the China-born. But as this article argues, in the period under study, the tension and animosity between the two Chinese communities ran deeper than mere cultural differences, as they were aggravated by social changes, economic competitions, and divergent political allegiances.
Situ Meitang, Patriotic Overseas Chinese?
Authors: González (高鸣) Fredy
Published: April 2023

The article recounts the transnational political activities of Situ Meitang, who led the Hongmen Chee Kung Tong in the Americas in support of the Nationalist government during the Second World War. At the end of the Chinese Civil War, he endorsed the People’s Republic of China and settled in Beijing. The article shows that current biographies of Situ ignore the complexity of his political ideas, including a desire for democracy in China and the economic development of southern China. Through the lens of Situ Meitang, the article also considers the complicated political loyalties and sense of belonging among Chinese overseas who supported Situ Meitang’s political actions, as well as the transnational circulation of information, resources, and ideas.