bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Papel da deambulação na prevenção do tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes clínicos: onde estamos?
Authors: Chindamo Maria Chiara , Marques Marcos Arêas
Published: July 2019

Resumo O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV), que compreende o espectro de manifestações de trombose venosa profunda e/ou embolia pulmonar, é uma complicação comum, grave e evitável em pacientes hospitalizados. Embora a perda da mobilidade recente ou continuada represente um dos principais fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento de TEV, não existem critérios claros e uniformes para a definição do conceito de imobilidade. A diversidade dessas descrições dificulta a interpretação e a comparação dos resultados de estudos clínicos randomizados no que se refere à influência dos diferentes níveis de imobilidade na magnitude do risco de TEV e ao papel da deambulação precoce, de forma isolada, na prevenção de tais eventos. O entendimento dessas limitações é mandatório para a utilização e interpretação adequadas das ferramentas de avaliação de risco de TEV, e para a indicação da melhor estratégia de prevenção de trombose em pacientes clínicos hospitalizados. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar as principais evidências da literatura quanto ao papel da deambulação na prevenção do TEV.
COMMUNICATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE NURSING CARE BEFORE THE DEATH AND DYING PROCESS
Authors: Prado Roberta Teixeira , Leite Josete Luzia , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Silva Laura Johanson da
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand, from the perspective of complexity, the factors related to communication for the management of the nursing care before the death and dying of hospitalized people. Method: the Complex Thought and Grounded Theory were used as theoretical and methodological references, respectively. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, from May 2015 to January 2016, with three sample groups, totaling 41 participants: nurses, nursing technicians and members of the multidisciplinary team of a public hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data analysis followed the steps of open, axial and selective coding. Results: the management of the nursing care before the terminality and death involves a complex process of communication among patient, relatives and professionals, in which the interactions are permeated by the meanings of the end of life. Subjective, educational, sociocultural and institutional conditions influence nurses' interactions, generating order/disorder in the management of care. Conclusion: communication represents an important challenge for nursing management because it involves different actors, given the context of uncertainties and affectivities in the process of death and dying. It is important to emphasize the importance of the nurses being open to communication with these people, because this process requires complex actions regarding the demand for training and permanent education, as well as interdisciplinary action to guarantee humanization and comprehensive care.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONSISTENT USE OF THE MALE CONDOM AMONG WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS
Authors: Silva Tatiane Cristina Faria da , Sousa Laelson Rochelle Milanês , Jesus Giselle Juliana de , Argolo Jamille Guedes Malta , Gir Elucir , Reis Renata Karina
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the consistent use of the male condom among women living with HIV/aids. Method: an analytical study with a quantitative approach involving 140 women living with HIV/aids who at the time of the study had an active sexual life and receiving follow-up care at the Specialized Care Services. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire via individual interview and were later analyzed using the version 17.0 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: it was identified that the longer diagnostic time (p=0.029); (p=0.030), non-use of alcohol (p=0.022), and other drugs (p<0.001) prior to intercourse were factors associated with consistent condom use. Conclusion: strategies are needed to encourage women and their partners to use condoms in sex, as it is a proven method for the preventon of HIV transmission and acts as a barrier against other sexually transmitted infections.
CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE ADAPTATION SCALE TO ELIMINATION OSTOMY FOR USE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Fernandes Amanda Delmondes de Brito Fontenele , Lopes Antonia Mauryane , Falcão Lariza Martins , Silva Grazielle Roberta Freitas da
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to culturally adapt the Adaptation Scale to Elimination Ostomy for the Brazilian Portuguese language and to evaluate the content validity. Method: a methodological study, which stages of cultural adaptation were: adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese; committee of seven experts to evaluate the semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences; and pre-test with 30 people with ostomy, performed between 2016 and 2017. The content validation was then performed, according to the Content Validity Coefficient greater than or equal to 0.80 and kappa coefficient. Results: the target population demonstrated good understanding in the pre-test. The Content Validity Coefficient of the scale reached values of 0.9 for the criteria: language clarity, practical relevance and theoretical relevance, and for the “dimension” category, the kappa mean value (0.587). Conclusion: the Adaptation Scale to Elimination Ostomy, built and validated originally in Portugal, was culturally adapted to Brazil, constituting an easy-to-understand resource, but it is still necessary to attest the psychometric properties of this version.
Formação de professores de Educação Infantil para inclusão de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais: uma pesquisa colaborativa
Authors: Vitaliano Célia Regina
Published: July 2019

Resumo Este trabalho descreve os resultados de uma pesquisa colaborativa que objetivou a formação de professores para inclusão de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais (NEE) em um Centro de Educação Infantil. Este processo se baseou na perspectiva de formação de professores reflexivos, bem como em conhecimentos sobre o atendimento de alunos com NEE em contextos escolares inclusivos. Os procedimentos metodológicos seguiram os pressupostos da pesquisa colaborativa e ocorreram em três fases: levantamento das necessidades de formação, processo de intervenção colaborativo e avaliação final. Participaram da pesquisa dez professores. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que, na fase inicial, os professores enfrentavam dificuldades para efetivar a inclusão dos alunos com NEE. Por meio de ciclos de estudos, reflexões sobre a prática à luz dos conteúdos teóricos estudados e da participação da pesquisadora em sala de aula, foi possível identificar que os professores se tornaram mais seguros para efetivar a inclusão de seus alunos com NEE.
NEONATAL MORBIDITY NEAR MISS IN TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN A CAPITAL OF NORTHEAST BRAZIL
Authors: Brasil Danyelle Rodrigues Pinheiro de Araujo , Vilela Mirella Bezerra Rodrigues , França Karla Eveline Ximenes de , Sarinho Silvia Wanick
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize near miss neonatal morbidity in tertiary hospitals in a capital city of Northeast Brazil based on Health Information Systems, and to identify differences regarding indicators of near miss cases, allowing the surveillance of newborns with risk of death. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in hospitals with neonatal intensive care unit, whose neonatal near miss cases in 2012 were identified from a deterministic linkage between the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. The biological variables of children, variables related to maternal characteristics and indicators of near miss were calculated by type of service and hospital. Biological variables of children, variables related to maternal characteristics and near miss indicators were calculated by service type and hospital and then compared by ratio difference test, parametric and non-parametric tests for measures of central tendency. Results: Of 24,254 live births, 2,098 cases of neonatal morbidity near miss were identified, most of them concentrated in the public hospitals (89.9%). The combination of birth weight and gestational age had the largest number of cases in both segments, public (43.5%) and private (46%). Variations in neonatal near miss indicators were observed between hospitals, which suggests assistance problems. Conclusions: The concept of neonatal near miss, its applicability with data from Health Information Systems, and its indicators are a preliminary tool to monitor hospital care for newborns by signaling health services that require in-depth evaluation and investments for quality improvement.
PRE AND POST-OPERATIVE OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY SURGERY CARE IN PATIENTS WITH GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE TYPE 1
Authors: Tommaso Adriana Maria Alves de , Hessel Gabriel , Riccetto Adriana Gut , Semenzati Graziela de Oliveira , Gusmão Reinaldo Jordão
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss aspects of pre and post-operative otorhinolaryngology surgery in patients with glycogen storage disease type 1b. Case description: Description of three clinical cases with probable glycogen storage disease type 1b who underwent otorhinolaryngology surgery, showing the importance of multidisciplinary interaction to avoid episodes of hypoglycemia. Comments: Patients with glycogen storage disease type 1b present recurrent infections, including the otorhinolaryngology affections. When there is an indication for surgical treatment, the caloric intake should be carefully followed in order to prevent hypoglycemia. The way to ensure this is to perform the pre and postoperative period in the hospital ward. In the postoperative period, it is important to make a slow transition between the intravenous and oral routes and not suspend the infusion of glucose during the surgical procedure. The cases illustrate the need for the interaction of the otorhinolaryngologic surgeon with the anesthesiologist, the pediatrician and the gastro-pediatrician in the management of these patients, avoiding hypoglycemic episodes.
INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS OF THE CAROTID ARTERIES IS AFFECTED BY PUBERTAL MATURATION IN HEALTHY ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Zanini Jovita Lane Soares Santos , Rodrigues Tânia Maria Barreto , Barra Cristina Botelho , Filgueiras Maria Francisca Tereza Freire , Silva Ivani Novato
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To contribute to the assessment of normal parameters of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in healthy adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through clinical, laboratory and ultrasound evaluation in 61 healthy adolescents. The inclusion criteria consisted of being in good health. The exclusion criteria were: presence or history of any chronic disease; being obese or overweight according to the World Health Organization (WHO) established criterion; continuous use of medication; or presenting a febrile condition or requiring medication within 48-hours prior to assessment. The pubertal stages were evaluated using the Tanner criteria. The high-resolution B-mode ultrasound examinations were performed according to the recommendations of the Consensus Statement from the American Society of Echocardiography Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force. Results: Adolescents were 14±2.6 years old, 62.3% female, 19 (31%) at early puberty (Tanner II and III), and 38 (62%) at late puberty (Tanner IV and V). They presented normal clinical and laboratorial parameters. CIMT values were 0.46±0.04 to 0.55±0.04 mm on the right and 0.48±0.02 to 0.53±0.04 mm on the left, according to pubertal maturation. CIMT values increased significantly on the right and left sides, according to pubertal stage (p<0.001 and p=0.016), and maximum internal diameters of the common carotid artery (p<0.025 and p<0.003). It was higher in males compared to females. Conclusions: An increase in CIMT in the healthy adolescents group, according to both age, and the degree of pubertal maturation should be considered when evaluating adolescents in diagnostic procedures.
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE PROMOTION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES FOR CHILDREN IN RELATION TO TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Freitas Carla Kalline Alves Cartaxo , Rodrigues Manuel Alves , Parreira Pedro Miguel Santos Dinis , Santos Ana Carla Ferreira Silva dos , Lima Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida , Fontes Viviane Santos , Freitas João Paulo Almeida , Santos José Marcos de Jesus , Mota Edilene Curvelo Hora
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents in schoolchildren, before and after the implementation of a health education program. Methods: Experimental study carried out in two public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The sample was composed of 173 children from 3rd to 5th grade and was randomized into Experimental Group (EG; n=0) and Control Group (CG; n=8). The educational program was carried out at EG with the use of the educational therapeutic method (Health Magic Box). The data were obtained through the questionnaire Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP), applied at the beginning of the study, before any educational actions, and one month after the experimental treatment. Paired Student’s t-test was used to compare the moments before and after the intervention in the EG and initial and final evaluation in the CG. Results: The children in the EG and CG were similar in relation to sociodemographic variables, and no significant difference was observed in the level of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents between the groups in the initial evaluation. One month after the experimental treatment, a significant improvement in knowledge was observed in EG (p=0.027). Preventive attitudes and practices were also higher in children in the EG, but without significant differences in relation to CG (p=0.060 and p=0.282, respectively). Conclusions: The educational intervention increased the level of knowledge and maintained the preventive attitudes and practices on traffic accidents at the same level in 3rd-5th grade students.
ANTIBIOTICS FOR APPENDICECTOMY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS DURING THE PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Roque Fátima Maria Castelo Branco , Melo Filho Antônio Aldo , Roque Alberto Jorge Castelo Branco , Roque Hanne Castelo Branco , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Chaves Edna Maria Camelo
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the preoperative use of antibiotics in children and adolescents requiring appendectomy. Data source: Integrative review was performed in the MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) and Cochrane databases and the PubMed portal, with no time limit. The keywords used were: appendicitis, child, adolescent and antibacterial with Boolean AND. The articles included were published in Portuguese, English or Spanish and whose participants were under 18 years of age. Review articles and guidelines were excluded. The studies were classified according to their level of evidence and 24 papers were selected. Data collection and analysis: Seven randomized clinical trial studies (level of evidence II), eight cohorts (level III), seven retrospective observational studies (level V) and two historical documentary analysis (level IV) were selected. The studies addressed antibiotics used in acute appendicitis in both uncomplicated and complicated cases. Antibiotics initiated in the preoperative period showed a decrease in the rates of surgical wound infections. First-line (empiric) regimens were tested for sensitivity to microorganisms in peritoneal material cultures, however the results were controversial. Broad-spectrum antibiotics have been suggested in some studies because they have good coverage, but in others they have not been recommended because of the risk of developing bacterial resistance. Shorter administration time and earlier change to the oral route reduced hospitalization time. Conclusions: There are several clinical protocols with different antibiotics. However, there is no standardization concerning the type of antibiotic drug, time of use, or route.
FÓRUNS ESTADUAIS PERMANENTES DE APOIO À FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: CRÔNICA DE UMA MORTE ANUNCIADA
Authors: Locatelli Cleomar , Diniz-Pereira Júlio Emílio
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta um panorama sobre a curta trajetória dos Fóruns Estaduais Permanentes de Apoio à Formação Docente no Brasil, criados para cumprir objetivos da Política Nacional de Formação de Profissionais do Magistério. O propósito deste texto é analisar a efetiva constituição e o funcionamento dos referidos fóruns, ao avaliar sua estruturação como política nacional, seu caráter permanente e a realização de suas finalidades. Além da base legal, a pesquisa verificou um conjunto de informações referentes ao tema disponível na página eletrônica da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Constatou-se que, em um período de aproximadamente seis anos (2009-2015), com grande diversidade na adesão e na orientação, os fóruns surgiram e desapareceram, revelando a desarticulação e a impotência deles para lidar com os graves problemas da formação docente no Brasil.
A REITERAÇÃO COMO MECANISMO DE GESTÃO DO TEMPO PELA CRIANÇA
Authors: Sanches Eduardo Oliveira
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Esta pesquisa, de natureza teórica, teve como objetivo refletir sobre o fenômeno da gestão do tempo realizada pela criança, com base na noção de reiteração, no contexto da Sociologia da Infância. A reiteração, como recurso de gestão do tempo pela criança, permite a criação de um lugar operacional entre a fantasia e o real que libera a ação da criança e, assim, facilita que ela tenha experiências formativas nas relações que trava com o ambiente social. Ao repetir no brincar os fatos vividos, a criança organiza sua percepção qualitativa e quantitativa do tempo. Por meio da reiteração, a criança realiza uma temporalidade de experimentação do mundo.
NOTAS HISTÓRICAS Y EPISTEMOLÓGICAS SOBRE EL CAMPO DE LA POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA EN LATINOAMÉRICA
Authors: Tello Cesar
Published: July 2019

RESUMEN: En este trabajo se presentan algunas notas históricas y epistemológicas del campo de la política educativa en Latinoamérica. Haciendo especial hincapié en el enfoque de las epistemologías de la política educativa como un modo de análisis de las investigaciones que los investigadores llevan a cabo en el campo. Este artículo tiene la intención de re pensar el campo de las políticas educativas en el marco de las transformaciones y crisis de las ciencias sociales y políticas ante la necesidad de comprender y nombrar la compleja realidad socio educativa actual.
A DIFÍCIL RELAÇÃO ENTRE BUROCRACIA ELETRÓNICA E DEMOCRACIA NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO EDUCATIVA EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Meira Manuel
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação sobre o papel desempenhado pelas plataformas eletrónicas utilizadas pela administração educativa na intensificação de algumas das dimensões da burocracia estudada por Max Weber. Esse facto origina novos problemas na relação difícil entre burocracia e democracia. O autor ilustra essa realidade com o exemplo da plataforma eletrónica de colocação de docentes utilizada pela administração educativa em Portugal. Conclui que existem novos domínios na ação administrativa que escapam aos controlos tradicionais e impedem a participação dos interessados na tomada de decisões.
RASCUNHOS DA HISTÓRIA DA LEITURA ESCOLAR: ENTRE PORTUGAL E BRASIL
Authors: Boto Carlota
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo teve por objetivo a reconstituição de práticas escolares com base em um inventário de livros de primeira leitura e cartilhas elaboradas em Portugal e no Brasil, entre o fim do século XIX e o princípio do século XX. A hipótese que organizou esta pesquisa foi a de que os livros que ensinavam a ler e a escrever - além de ensinar saberes, talvez antes mesmo de ensinar saberes - pretendiam ensinar códigos de bom comportamento. O trabalho em tela propõe-se a verificar, por meio do estudo de manuais de ensino da leitura em Portugal e no Brasil, como aparecia, nos registros textuais, essa dimensão civilizatória intrínseca à escolarização. Para tanto, o diálogo teórico deu-se com a literatura educacional acerca de livros didáticos; e a metodologia adotada foi a investigação documental, especificamente centrada no estudo dos livros escolares.
Feasibility of wood production according to productivity class and rotation criteria
Authors: Castro Renato Vinícius Oliveira , Ataíde Glauciana da Mata , Castro Ana Flávia Neves Mendes , Araújo Júnior Carlos Alberto , Santos Rosimeire Cavalcante dos , Costa Lidiomar Soares da
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of forest rotation on the technical and economic feasibility of eucalyptus wood production for charcoal, in different productivity classes. Data came from Eucalyptus stands whose area was stratified into three classes of productivity: high, medium, and low. To each class, a different criterion of forest rotation was applied, as follows: age of maximum productivity, economic rotation age, single harvest age, and no technical parameter. Analyses of economic feasibility and production were performed for a 21-year planning horizon. For rotation without a technical parameter, a simulation by the Monte Carlo method was performed. For all rotation criteria, feasibility was observed for high- and medium-productivity classes, and unfeasibility for the low-productivity class. For rotation without a technical parameter, there is no chance for the project to be unfeasible. Wood production viability for charcoal under the studied conditions depends on the productivity class, for any rotation criterion adopted. Rotation criterion influences profitability, whose definition, according to productivity class, contributes to forest production maximization and to the economic return of the project, under the studied conditions.
The continuity of hospital nursing care for Primary Health Care in Spain
Authors: Costa Maria Fernanda Baeta Neves Alonso da , Andrade Selma Regina de , Soares Cilene Fernandes , Pérez Esperanza I. Ballesteros , Tomás Sergio Capilla , Bernardino Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To learn the profile and activities carried out by the Hospital Nurse Liaison for the continuity of care in Primary Health Care in Spain. Method: An exploratory study with a qualitative approach developed in five University Hospitals in Madrid and three in Barcelona, with Hospital Nurse Liaisons who work in Hospitals in Madrid (8) and Barcelona (11). An online questionnaire was applied with open and closed questions for data collection. The data were analyzed by the content analysis technique in the thematic modality. Results: Nineteen (19) Hospital Nurse Liaisons participated in the study. The liaisons’ ages ranged from 26 to 64 years old, the majority were women (94.73%) with experience between 21 and 30 years (52.63%), and had worked in this job between 6 months and 26 years. The Nurse Liasion is required to perform a clinical assessment of the patient prior to discharge and to contact the Nurse in the patient’s area of origin by telephone or e-mail. It is necessary to have experience as an educator, to work in a team and have motivation. Conclusion: Nurses in Spain perform care continuity for Primary Health Care, in which their activities encompass the availability of resources and experience in managing the care of complex patients and their families.
The potential of plant and fungal proteins in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes from animals
Authors: Soares Alexandra Martins dos Santos , Wanderley Lêdia Feitosa , Costa Junior Livio Martins
Published: July 2019

Abstract Gastrointestinal nematode infection is an important cause of high economic losses in livestock production. Nematode control based on a synthetic chemical approach is considered unsustainable due to the increasing incidence of anthelmintic resistance. Control alternatives such as the use of natural products are therefore becoming relevant from an environmental and economic point of view. Proteins are macromolecules with various properties that can be obtained from a wide range of organisms, including plants and fungi. Proteins belonging to different classes have shown great potential for the control of nematodes. The action of proteins can occur at specific stages of the nematode life cycle, depending on the composition of the external layers of the nematode body and the active site of the protein. Advances in biotechnology have resulted in the emergence of numerous protein and peptide therapeutics; however, few have been discussed with a focus on the control of animal nematodes. Here, we discuss the use of exogenous proteins and peptides in the control of gastrointestinal.
Caracterização socioeconômica de idosos residentes do meio rural
Authors: Da Rosa Diorginis Luis Fontoura , Areosa Silvia Virginia Coutinho
Published: July 2019

O Envelhecimento da população brasileira apresenta desafios em termos de políticas e ações que deem suporte para essa nova demanda populacional. Sendo assim, conhecer as diferentes velhices do país é parte fundamental deste processo. Neste recorte do projeto de pesquisa intitulado “Estudo Socioeconômico e Demográfico da População Idosa no Meio Rural do Município de Santa Cruz do Sul”, serão apresentados dados quantitativos obtidos através de um questionário socioeconômico e demográfico realizado com 236 idosos de 7 distritos rurais do município, com o objetivo de desvelar as características econômicas presentes neste contexto. A análise dos dados evidencia que a maior parte dos idosos tem na aposentadoria a sua principal fonte de renda e que apesar da seguridade financeira que a mesma oferece, relatam a falta de dinheiro para suprir necessidades básicas, como alimentação e saúde, optando então por continuar trabalhando ou mantendo cultivos para sua subsistência.
Produção de discursos sobre inclusão: um estudo dos anais da ANPEd (2011-2016)
Authors: Löbler Giulia Netto , Santos Taís Morgana dos , Hillesheim Betina
Published: July 2019

Este artigo compreende a inclusão inscrita numa determinada ordem discursiva, que a estabelece como um imperativo deste tempo. Para investigar os discursos sobre inclusão no âmbito da pesquisa acadêmica na Educação, elegeu-se como materialidade de pesquisa os resumos dos trabalhos publicados nas Reuniões Nacionais e Regionais Sul da ANPEd, entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. A análise voltou-se para os títulos, resumos e palavras-chave de 64 trabalhos das Reuniões Nacionais, concentrados nos grupos Educação Especial, Educação e Relações Étnico-Raciais e Educação Fundamental. Os resultados apontam que os trabalhos colocavam a escola como um espaço privilegiado para a inclusão, bem como a ideia da inclusão como um direito. Ainda, há uma preocupação na análise e proposição de um conjunto de ações que deve ser operacionalizado para a efetivação da inclusão. Observa-se também a inclusão em constante relação com a exclusão, sendo colocada ora como oposta, ora como sinalizadora de que a inclusão é falha ou insuficiente, ora como complementar à inclusão. Por fim, considera-se importante realizar análises sobre quais práticas são produzidas pelos diferentes discursos, buscando problematizar o que está naturalizado e compreender como os sujeitos tornam-se o que são.
Produção de (in)visibilidades: mulheres negras e políticas públicas de saúde
Authors: Bairros Amanda Knecht de , Hillesheim Betina , Silva Mozart Linhares da
Published: July 2019

As mulheres negras estão em um lugar desfavorecido na sociedade, expostas a diferentes tipos de violência, incluindo o que diz respeito ao acesso à saúde. Partindo deste pressuposto, realizou-se uma análise das políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para as mulheres negras, visando compreender de que forma busca-se dar conta das demandas especificas dessa população. Como metodologia, analisaram-se três documentos elaborados pelo Ministério da Saúde, onde se observou o contexto em que as palavras “mulheres negras”, “mulheres brancas”, “população negra”, “raça” e “cor”, se inserem. Problematizou-se, a partir dos estudos culturais, sobre se as políticas públicas de saúde estão produzindo visibilidade ou invisibilidade em relação às mulheres negras, partindo do entendimento de que, quando um determinado grupo é mais vulnerável em relação aos outros, não nomeá-lo tende a ser mais uma forma de exclusão. Através da análise dos documentos, elencaram-se duas categorias de análise, onde, na primeira, buscou-se discutir sobre identidade, diferença e branquitude, visto que a identidade branca, nos documentos, permanece invisível. Após, reflete-se sobre a relação da cor com o conceito de vulnerabilidade social.
Instrucción metacognitiva y procesamiento simultáneo
Authors: Ares Ferreirós Martina , Deaño Deaño Manuel
Published: July 2019

Este estudio presenta la mejora producida por la aplicación de la instrucción metacognitiva en el procesamiento simultáneo en estudiantes de grado 3 de Educación primaria. La muestra estuvo constituida por 30 estudiantes de un aula de un centro de educación primaria. Se formaron dos grupos, el grupo de intervención se formó con los estudiantes del aula que presentaban dificultades en el procesamiento simultáneo, mostrando una debilidad cognitiva que compromete la comprensión lectora. El segundo grupo estaba formado por el resto de los estudiantes del grupo aula, constituyendo el grupo de comparación. Se utilizó un diseño pre-post-follow-up test. Los grupos están igualados en estatus socioeconómico y cultural y en procesamiento sucesivo. Se diferenciaban en procesamiento simultáneo. Al grupo de intervención se le aplicó el programa de instrucción metacognitiva operativizando mediante la estrategia de facilitación de la planificación, que permite a los estudiantes discutir entre sí los textos de comprensión y además verbalizarlo reflexivamente para comparar y contrastar sus respuestas. El grupo de comparación siguió las actividades curriculares según el modelo de enseñanza tradicional. El programa se desarrolló en 24 sesiones durante siete semanas. Tras la intervención el grupo mejoro significativamente en procesamiento simultáneo. Estas mejoras se interpretan en el sentido de que la instrucción metacognitiva que facilita la discusión entre los alumnos y la verbalización reflexiva para comparar y contrastar respuestas, es la responsable de la mejora de la función del procesamiento simultaneo para la comprensiónlectora.
Inteligencia emocional y ajustada interacción social como factor competencial de comunicación. Un estudio universitario
Authors: Cruces Montes Serafín , Medina Mesa Yolanda , Romero Moreno Antonio Francisco , Gil-Olarte Márquez Paloma , Zayas García Antonio
Published: July 2019

El ajuste a las interacciones sociales es una de las claves más importantes a la hora de evaluarla inteligencia emocional y más concretamente la sensibilidad a las interacciones sociales basada en los procesos comunicativos de índole tanto verbal como no verbal y emocional. En el presente trabajo analizamos estos procesos en estudiantes de los grados de Turismo, Marketing y Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas, así como sus respectivos dobles grados (Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas y Turismo; y Marketing y Publicidad) pertenecientes a la Universidad de Cádiz. Se le administró el Test de Sensibilidad a las Interacciones Sociales (TESIS). Se analizaron los diversos niveles de ajuste a la interacción social, tanto de sensibilidad como de insensibilidad ya fuera ingenua o sobre-interpretadora. Se analizaron los niveles de ajuste a la interacción social por género, por calificaciones académicas obtenidas, así como también por el tipo de Grado académico desarrollado (un Grado o un doble Grado). Se encontraron diferencias en relación al Grado en el que se encontraban matriculados y los diferentes niveles de ajuste a las escenas planteadas. Sólo un 44.4% de la muestra superaba el centil 52 de la prueba administrada. También fueron encontradas diferentes formas de ajuste en relación a las características audiovisuales de las escenas planteadas.
La religiosidad como fortaleza humana
Authors: Urchaga-Litago José David , Morán-Astorga Consuelo , Fínez-Silva María José
Published: July 2019

Múltiples investigaciones demuestran que la religiosidad es un factor de la salud física y psicológica. Se presenta una revisión dichos estudios y se interpretan los resultados. Las personas religiosas presentan menos depresión, ansiedad, estrés, suicidio, y menores hábitos no saludables como el consumo de alcohol y de otras sustancias psicoactivas. Las personas religiosas presentan menores tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad, presentando mejores y más rápidas recuperaciones en enfermedades físicas (tales como cirugía cardiaca o intervenciones de cadera), en adicciones (alcohol y otras sustancias), o en estrés postraumático. Estas evidencias se pueden relacionan con diferentes fortalezas psicológicas que la religiosidad promueve, de forma especial con el perdón, la gratitud, la espiritualidad, la justicia, la esperanza, la humanidad y el fortalecimiento de relaciones interpersonales.
Fortalezas personales y eficacia docente
Authors: Herrera Torres Lucía , Perandones González Teresa María , Sánchez-Sánchez Laura Del Carmen
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo se sustenta en la Psicología Positiva y tiene como objetivo principal determinar qué Fortalezas Personales del profesorado predicen la Eficacia Docente. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un estudio en todos los niveles educativos, desde Educación Infantil hasta la Educación Superior, en dos países (República Dominicana y España), con una muestra total de 454 docentes. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de información fueron dos: Values in Action Inventory of Strengths: VIA-IS y Teacher Efficacy Scale. Se llevaron a cabo análisis de correlación y de regresión. Los resultados indicaron, en primer lugar, relaciones significativas de carácter positivo entre las dos dimensiones de la Escala de Eficacia Docente y las seis Fortalezas Personales; y, en segundo, el valor predictivo de dos Fortalezas Personales (Humanidad y Trascendencia), en lo relativo a la Eficacia Docente. Se discute la necesidad de incluir en la formación, tanto inicial como permanente del profesorado, el desarrollo de las Fortalezas Personales, favoreciendo las virtudes humanas.
K.H. AHMAD DAHLAN’S (1869 – 1923) THOUGHT AND HIS STRUGGLE FOR THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM THROUGH REFORMATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Authors: Suswandari - , Suwarno -
Published: July 2019

This article examines the founder of the Muhammadiyah, K. H. Ahmad Dahlan (1869–1923) and the reformation of Islamic education he had proclaimed as an attempt to abolish all feudalism force in society towards a realistic and democratic modern society. The clerical reformist, K. H. Ahmad Dahlan played an essential role and was the key for the improvement and the reawakening of Muslim society so as to abandon the rooted feudal cultural practice. This article first discuss the childhood of K. H. Ahmad Dahlan and his education. The article then discusses the socio-cultural context of feudalist Muslim society within his neighborhood. Then, the article also discusses the Islamic education reformation proclaimed by K. H. Ahmad Dahlan referring to his notion on Islamic education reformation, his view on the relation between religion and mind, as well as his political view.
HISTORY LEARNING IN INDONESIA DURING THE NEW ORDER
Authors: Umasih -
Published: July 2019

The three dominant components in the implementation of historical learning are teachers, students and curriculum. The Curriculum function as a teacher’s references to outline the learning and its implementation in the class. The initial is to develop a self-awareness in order that the students will embrace high-spirited nationalism that will be implied to their daily life as a national and global citizen. This article discuss on how the historical learning in High School implemented several curriculum in Indonesia. Thereforeurces data were obtained through research, observation, experince, and interview towards a number of history teachers from various of regions in Indonesia.
HISTORY EDUCATION IN CURRICULUM 2013: A NEW APPROACH TO TEACHING HISTORY
Authors: Hasan Said Hamid
Published: July 2019

There has been so many findings and thoughts indicating that teaching history is dominated by what teachers tell of what happened in the past as it is written in the textbooks or reference books. Students listen, read, and memorize the narration and the more details the student could memorize the higher mark she/he will get. The plan for teaching history, syllabus or lesson plan, shows a high level of consistency amongst the learning objectives, teaching processes, and assessment of student learning outcomes. Memorize of historical facts and the reproduction of historical narratives as indication of student’s understanding of historical events, the transmission of information from teacher to student to realize the objectives, and the use of pencil and paper test to assess student level of achievement are the common practices in school from primary to secondary education. It would be no surprise if teaching history at the higher level of education would follow the same path. Public still consider a good scholar or historian in this case, is measured by the amount of knowledge she/he can memorize and she/he should be able to answer some many questions of the facts of historical events. In fact, there is no question of how many a student has in her/his memory apart from what is questioned.
Aktivitas Fisik Olahraga untuk Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Siswa SD
Authors: Burhaein Erick
Published: July 2019

Karya tulis ini merupakan kajian keilmuan teoritik dengan metode library research sebagai problem solving terhadap suatu permasalahan. Tujuan penulisan ini, untuk mengetahui aktivitas fisik olahraga untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan siswa sekolah dasar. Hal tersebut dikarenakan bahwa usia anak sekolah dasar merupakan lanjutan setelah  masa emas (usia dini). Sehingga diperlukan konsep belajar atau aktivitas yang sesuai dengan usia tumbuh kembang nya. Berdasarkan karakteristik anak usia sekolah dasar yang senang bermain, bergerak, mengelompok, dan praktik langsung. Oleh karena itu, berkaitan dengan aktifitas tersebut disesuaikan dengan pertumbuhan fisiknya dan perkembangan emosional anak. Bentuk aktifitas fisik disesuaikan dengan jenjang umurnya: periode umur 7-8 tahun (SD kelas 1 dan 2), periode umur 9 tahun (SD kelas 3), periode umur 10-11 tahun (kelas 4 dan 5), dan periode umur 12-13 tahun (kelas 6). Sehingga, melalui aktifitas fisik yang tepat dan sesuai periode diharapkan akan berdampak pada pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan emosi optimal.
Media Puzzle Berbasis Tangram dalam Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Permata Kharizma Kintan , WS Rustono , Lidinillah Dindin Abdul Muiz
Published: July 2019

Pembelajran IPS di sekolah dasar mencakup konsep-konsep yang abstrak seperti waktu, perubahan, kesinambungan, ritual, arah mata angin, akulturasi, kekuasaan, demokras dan niai-nilai. Media merupakan salah satu solusi untuk mengkonkritkan materi dan konsep yang abstrak dalam pembelajaran. Namun faktanya darihasil studi pendahuan ke tiga sekolah dasar di Kota Tasikmalaya yaitu SDN 1 Urug, SDN Mugarsari dan SDN Citapen diperoleh informasi terkait penggunaan media yang hanya sebatas pada media praktis. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti bermaksud melakukan penelitian pengembangan yang pada akhirnya dihasilkan produk berupa media pembelajaran puzzle berbasis tangram dalam pembelajaran IPS tentang mengenal tokoh proklamasi dengan menggunakan metode penelitian design based research model reeves. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan peserta didik kelas V yang berjumlah 17 orang di SDN 1 Urug dan 19 orang di SDN Mugarsari. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara,observasi dan kuesioner. Rancangan produk dinyatakan layak diuji coba berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli.Kegiatan uji coba dilakukan sebanyak dua kali di sekolah yang berbeda. Uji coba yang pertama dilakukan di SDN 1 Urug dan uji coba dua di SDN Mugarsari. Hasil uji coba menunjukan bahwa media yang dikembangkan telah baik dan dapat menjadi solusi bagi guru dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran. Produk akhir berupa media pembelajaran puzzle  puzzle berbasis tangram dalam pembelajaran IPS tentang mengenal tokoh proklamasi untuk kelas IV Sekolah Dasar yang dilengkapi dengan buku panduan penggunaan.
Nilai-Nilai Kesholehan Sosial pada Mata Kuliah Pembelajaran dan Aktivitas Senam Ritmik II dan Implikasinya terhadap Pendidikan Jasmani di SD
Authors: Aeni Ani Nur , Muhtar Tatang
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pendidikan nilai pada pendidikan jasmani. Selama ini terkesan pendidikan jasmani kering dari nilai. Mahasiswa PGSD Penjas merupakan calon guru pendidikan jasmani di SD yang harus dibekali dengan nilai-nilai keshalehan sosial mengingat mereka adalah calon guru yang akan langsung mentransformasikan nilai kepada peserta didik di SD. Bekal ini diberikan melalui perkuliahan pembelajaran dan aktivitas senam dan ritmik II.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap nilai-nilai kesalehan sosial pada mata kuliah pembelajaran dan aktivitas senam ritmik II. Pendekatan dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pedoman observasi dan angket. Berdasarkan analisis data diperolehan hasil bahwa 1) Mata kuliah pembelajaran dan aktivitas senam ritmik II telah menerapkan nilai-nilai kesalehan sosial dengan baik sekali berupa nilai disiplin, nilai religius, nilai tanggung jawab, nilai sportivitas, nilai saling menghargai, nilai kejujuran, nilai kerja keras, nilai kreatif, nilai kebersamaan, nilai komunikatif/bersahabat, nilai tidak mudah menyerah, dan nilai kemandirian, 2) Kinerja dosen pada mata kuliah pembelajaran dan aktivitas senam ritmik II adalah baik, 3) Keberhasilan proses perkuliahan bermuatan nilai kesalehan sosial ini berimplikasi pada terjadinya proses pembelajaran penjas di SD yang bermuatan nilai dan menghasilkan siswa SD yang bermuatan nilai kesalehan sosial.
Pengaruh Metode Scramble terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman dan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Siswa SD
Authors: Sumira Dika Zuchdan , Deasyanti Deasyanti , Herawati Tuti
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode pembelajaran Scramble terhadap kemampuan membaca pemahaman dan kecerdasan interpersonal siswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia  pada siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian dilakukan di SDIT Segar Amanah Klender Jakarta Timur dengan sampel siswa  kelas IVA 28 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IV B dengan sampel siswa 28 orang sebagai kelas kontrol yang dilaksanakan pada semester 1 tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan random sampling. Teknik penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain quasi eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar tes dan lembar observasi untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca pemahaman kecerdasan interpersonal pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, dengan terlebih dahulu dilakukan pengujian validitas dan realibilitas serta Justivication expert dan uji norrmalitas dan homogenitas baik kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran Scramble ataupun kelas kontrol yang menggunakan model pembelajaran ekspositori. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa kedua kelas berdistribusi normal serta menunjukan homogenitas kedua kelas tersebut homeogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata kemampuan membaca pemahaman  kelas eksperimen dari 59,5 menjadi 86,5 sedangkan kelas Kontrol dari 60,5 menjadi 67,5, kecerdasan interpersonal rata-rata kelas eksperimen dari 55,5 menjadi 88,5 dan 57,5 menjadi 66 untuk kelas kontrol.  serta keefektifan proses pembelajaran apabila melihat rata-rata Normal Gain kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi  dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Normal Gain kemampuan membaca pemahaman untuk kelas eksperimen mendapatkan nilai 0,68 dengan kategori cukup efektif, sementara kelas kontrol mendapatkan kategori tidak efektif dengan nilai 0,29. Normal Gain Kecerdasan interpersonal kelas eksperimen menunjukan nilai 0,76 dan kelas kontrol dengan Normal Gain sebesar 0,37. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman dan kecerdasan interpersonal siswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia  kelas eksperimen lebih baik daripada kemampuan membaca pemahaman dan kecerdasan interpersonal siswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia  kelas kontrol.
Hubungan Minat Membaca dan Kemampuan Memahami Wacana dengan Keterampilan Menulis Narasi
Authors: Nugraha Anggi Purwa , MS Zulela , Bintoro Totok
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan minat membaca dan kemampuan memahami wacana dengan keterampilan menulis narasi Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kecamatan Sukaraja gugus satu, dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 112 orang siswa. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah teknik statistik regresi dan korelasi Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada korelasi positif antara (1) Minat membaca dengan keterampilan menulis narasi (2) Kemampuan memahami wacana dengan keterampilan menulis narasi (3) Minat membaca dan kemampuan memahami wacana dengan keterampilan menulis narasi. Berarti hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara minat membaca dan kemampuan memahami wacana dengan keterampilan menulis narasi.
Pengaruh Metode Scramble dan Minat Baca terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sumira Dika Zuchdan , Deasyanti Deasyanti , Herawati Tuti
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode scramble terhadap kemampuan membaca pemahaman ditinjau dari minat baca siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri 1 Kawali dengan sampel siswa kelas IVA 30 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IV B dengan sampel siswa 30 orang sebagai kelas kontrol yang dilaksanakan pada tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian menggunakan treatment by level 2 x 2. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis varians dua jalur (ANAVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa yang melalui metode scramble dengan siswa yang menggunakan metode ekspositori; (2) terdapat interaksi antara metode pembelajaran dan minat baca terhadap kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa sekolah dasar; (3) Siswa yang memiliki metakognisi belajar tinggi, kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika antara kelompok siswa  yang diajar metode scramble lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok siswa yang diajar menggunakan metode ekspositori; (4) Siswa yang memiliki minat baca rendah, kemampuan membaca pemahaman antara kelompok siswa yang diajar menggunakan metodel scramble lebih rendah dari pada kelompok siswa yang diajar menggunakan metode ekspositori.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Pada Model Discovery Learning Berdasarkan Pembelajaran Tematik
Authors: Mukarromah Aenullael
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sekolah dasar setelah mendapatkan perlakuan  dengan penerapan model discovery learning berdasarkan pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV di gugus IV Kecamatan Nara yang terdaftar pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas IV di SDN 1 Mara yang berjumlah 21 orang. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dalam bentuk soal uraian dengan jumlah 10 butir soal yang keseluruhannya mencakup 5 kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis menurut Nitko dan Brookhart yaitu (1) elementary clarification, (2) basic support of  argument, (3) inferences, (4) advanced clarification, and (5) strategies and tactics. Dari hasil analisis test kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik setelah mendapatkan perlakuan dengan model discovery learning sebesar 24% dengan kategori sangat tinggi, dan 62% kategori tinggi serta 14 % dengan kategori sedang, dengan rata-rata nilai 69,40. Dari hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara keseluruhan siswa kelas IV SDN 1 Mara pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2017/2018 memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori tinggi.