bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The structure of plant communities with the prevalence of the Dipterocarpaceae family tree species in Binh Chau –Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve of Vietnam
Authors: Danilov D A , Thi Duong Nguyen , Belyaeva N V
Published: October 2020

This work analyzes the structure of evergreen rainforests with the prevalence of the Dipterocarpaceae family tree species in Vietnam. Four dominant formations were studied: Dipterocarpus, Shorea, Anisoptera, Vatica. The analysis of the structure of stands with the prevalence of the Dipterocarpaceae family plants was carried out based on the methodology of the stand components’ weight that includes thickness of trees, cross-section and volume of the trunk. The criteria for the analysis included the distribution of trunk diameters (N-D) and heights (N-H). - The species composition of associated plants in the studied formations has different shares. The Shorea and Dipterocarpus formation has the largest number of tree species. For the four dominant plant formations, there are differences in the N / D distribution and no difference in the N / H distribution. The diameter of all trees in the main formations of the Dipterocarpaceae family vary more than the height. Forestry management requires taking into account the structural features of stands with the prevalence of the Dipterocarpaceae family tree species.
The assessment of the feasibility of using the state forest inventory data to implement the national commitments under the Paris Agreement
Authors: Filipchuk A N , Malysheva N V
Published: October 2020

The authors have considered the feasibility of using the measurements of quality and quantity forest parameters on the State Forest Inventory (SFI) permanent sample plots (PSP) for estimating carbon stocks in forests in the preparation of the reports on the implementation of the national commitments under the Paris Agreement. The strengths and weaknesses of the SFI methods for estimating carbon stocks are revealed. The analytic assessment is demonstrated through the example of Khabarovsk Territory in which the SFI was completed in 2018. It is experimentally confirmed that significantly more accurate SFI data on the average growing stock volume, in combination with improved methods for estimating carbon assessment parameters, can increase the estimates of carbon stocks in the forest biomass approximately by +30%.
Effect of thermally treated wood
Authors: Gazizov A , Popova E , Ozden I , Zairov A
Published: October 2020

There are many studies on the thermal treatment of wood, but the treatment of thermally modified wood with different flame retardants, and the changes that occur in this process are not fully understood. This paper assesses various thermal modifications and the flame retardant effect on thermally modified wood under conditions that simulate the natural process of wood combustion by a heat source, constant air flow and exhaust gas flow. The research temperature ranges from 160 to 260° C. It has been experimentally proven that thermally modified wood impregnated with a fire retardant has a greater fire and ignition resistance than untreated wood.
Improving the efficiency of forest use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Gedjo V M , Belenkiy Yu I , Shaytarova O E , Pavlov V S
Published: October 2020

The article discusses practical aspects of forest use in the Russian Federation and identifies the most common forest uses. We propose to increase forest use by harvesting and collection of non-timber forest products, including resin, forest foods and medicinal plants. We also describe the main pathways of utilizing waste from logging and wood processing to obtain products that are in great demand in the market and have a high selling price. Finally, we present the results of the analysis of changes in forest productivity depending on the increase in the number of types of forest use.
Resource evaluation of lower layers of vegetation under the canopy of a beech tree
Authors: Gryazkin A V , Gutal M M , Belyaeva N V , Bespalova V V , Kazi I A , Vu Van H
Published: October 2020

The object of research - new growth and undergrowth under the canopy of growing stocks with predomination of a beech tree as the first and the second storeys. Our work objective - monetization of tree resources deposited with new growth and undergrowth of beech forests of North Caucasus. The structure of the new growth and the undergrowth is not uniform in height and composition, it varies essentially among the subjects of research. The mean number of the new growth is 8988 pcs/ha and of the undergrowth - 1998 exemplars/ha. The mean height of the new growth is 0.65 m, of the undergrowth - 0.86 m. The mass of one plant of the mean height in the air-dry condition is equal to 0.24 kg for the new growth and 0.55 kg for the undergrowth. The income amount from sales of the undergrowth is less than from the new growth. While the maximum total income from sales of the new growth and undergrowth phytomass may be about 43 ths/ha. Final results depend significantly on the structure by height, on the composition and the number of the new growth and the undergrowth.
Study of forest strip systems agrolandscapes structure
Authors: Ivonin V M , Voskoboinikova I V , Yu Matvienko E , Kaklyugina A A
Published: October 2020

The aim of the scientific work is to investigate the forest bands system structure of agrolandscapes with the aim of establishing the duration of periods of its development for determining the main forest species. Research Methodology: complete counting of trees on temporary test plots laid in typical forest belts, analysis of main tree trunks and obtaining equations of relationships between heights and ages; modeling the development of the structure of forest belts using these equations and formulas for determining the distance between forest belts. It was found out that forest lane systems in their development consistently go through certain periods: unsteady, stationary, post-stationary and decaying functioning. The main criterion for choosing the main species when creating forest belt systems is the longest duration of the stationary and post-stationary functioning of the system. For forest strips created from Quercus robur, this duration is 81 years, Fraxinus lanceolata - 63 years; Robinia pseudoacacia - 55 years. According to this criterion, it is not advisable to create forest strips from such main species as Populus nigra and Ulmus pumila on southern chernozems.
Directions For Improving the Efficiency of Forest Clear Cutting on the Territories of Reservoirs and Waterworks Under Construction
Authors: Kalyashov V , Iliin A , Shuvalova S , Leonova O , Shvetsova V
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the issues of increasing the forest resources use extent on the forested areas of reservoirs’ flooded territories of hydroelectric power stations (HPPs) – both projected and under construction- in multi-forest areas of the Russian Federation. The necessity of forest clear cutting and forest clearing carrying out on flooded territories and the importance of these measures for ensuring favorable environmental conditions in the area of hydro construction and in the water area of reservoirs are substantiated. The estimation of the wood volume cut in the process of reservoirs creation is presented and the reasons for leaving wood to be flooded are considered. The factors and circumstances that affect the indicators of economic efficiency of forest clear cutting are described. A comparative assessment of the applied technologies of forest clear cutting is made, ways to increase its profitability are outlined, and the impact of profitability on decision making on leaving wood to be flooded in the process of reservoirs’ territory preparation is estimated.
Universal tractor processor for working in forests of different ages
Authors: Karpachev S P , Bykovskiy M A
Published: October 2020

In this article, a universal tractor processor (UTP) is proposed. The UTP allows you to harvest all types of trees and process them into assortments and for fuel chips. The maximum productivity of the UTP for the output of assortments will be in the case of logging business trees with the production of chips (option 2). The total productivity of the UTP will be maximum when it is working by the option 3, when business and low quality non-commercial trees are harvested. In practice, if the goal is to maximize the output of business assortments, then the UTP work should be organized according to the option 1 or 2. If the time to clean up the logging residuals before the UTP is longer than the time to process the residuals into fuel chips, then option 2 will show the best results. In this case, in addition to the maximum output of assortments, additional products will be obtained – fuel chips. The maximum productivity of the UTP for the output of assortments is achieved if you exclude the harvesting of thin-sized trees (option 3).
Compensatory institutional arrangements and visions for the development of Russian forest-resource regions
Authors: Kozyreva G B , Sukharev M V
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of the formation of sustainable development institutions for depressive lumber cutting territories (in the case of the Republic of Karelia). One of these institutions is forest certification, which obliges forest companies to formulate economic strategies in accordance with social responsibility criteria. The obtained results indicate that today forest companies do not set the implementation of social policies regarding the local population as a key goal. The economic interests of business and their management decisions regarding forest management are not related to the problems of the local population. However, this is not an obstacle to obtaining a forest certificate. The Forest Certification Institute has not yet performed a compensatory function, which actualizes the development of new forest policy instruments.
Calculation of a universal energy module to provide energy and heat to the logging team
Authors: Martynov B G , Kondakov I S , Taraban M V , Kulikov A A , Ivanova I V
Published: October 2020

The article provides a comparative calculation of the heat of diesel and wood fuels released during combustion. Specific consumption of pellets for release of required amount of energy is determined and diagram of gas generator plant operating on wood fuel is presented. The plant is designed to provide heat and energy to an autonomous logging brigade.
Priority areas of research in the development of the timber industry complex in Russia: technical and logistics aspect
Authors: Medvedev S , Mokhirev A , Rjabova T
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the priority areas of research in the development of Russian timber industry complex. The most important areas of research are highlighted. It is determined that the scientific (theoretical) perception does not always coincide with the applied (practical) aspects of the industry. The most problematic areas in the development of the timber industry were identified. Key attention is paid to technological and logistical aspects.
To the analysis of qualitative indicators of plant vitality in assessing the value of urban green spaces
Authors: Melnichuk I , Trubacheva T , Tsymbal G , Dvatsatova T
Published: October 2020

Abstract The decrease in the plant vitality, and, therefore, the functionality of urban green spaces caused by a sharp deterioration in the growing conditions and the non-observance of scientifically based principles of planting planning and an absence of a reasonable plant material selection for specific objects. An unsystematic increase in the species and cultivar diversity of ornamental trees and shrubs occurs spontaneously, without considering the consistent work on introducing and cultivating new species and varieties. The use of imported, not adapted, and often poor-quality planting material leads to a decrease in the survival rate of new plantings and, as a consequence, to a deterioration of the condition of a green space in general.
Improvement of logging operations technological chains in the conditions of seasonal dynamics
Authors: Mokhirev A , Gerasimova M , Rukomojnikov K
Published: October 2020

There are many options for organizing the logging process by timber enterprises. In most cases they are chosen by management based on personal experience. Cost-effective development of the forest sector is associated with the use of the most rational technological chains of logging operations, adapted to the specific natural and industrial conditions of forest territories. This research is a continuation of the author’s team work on the complex task of improving the efficiency of logging operations, taking into account the analysis of various moving and processing operations of the technological process. In previous publications the authors presented a graphoanalytical and mathematical models to solve the task. This article presents a solution based on them to improve the technological chains of logging operations, taking into account the seasonal nature of logging for the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk territory. Special attention is paid to the comparative analysis of costs for performing transport and loading and unloading operations in the conditions of seasonal dynamics. A rational chain of logging operations has been determined, which allows to reduce costs compared with other options for organizing the technological process and, as a result, to increase profits from the sale of products.
Increasing the efficiency of the use of forest resources by the digitalization of forest education
Authors: Mushkarova O , Mikheeva M , Tereshchenko S , Panyutin A , Kuznetsov E
Published: October 2020

Currently, the problem of increasing the efficiency of the use of forest resources is urgent. One of the factors affecting the efficiency of the use of forest resources is the quality of the human capital of the forest sector.It is necessary to develop the key competencies of employees and future employees of the forestry sector using various forms of training. In recent years, forestry education has been actively developing based on the use of the digital technologies. The article presents the results of surveys of students on their perception of a new form of education, students’ assessment of the possibility of high-quality mastering of material in distance learning and the difficulties they face. Conclusions are also made on how digitalization of forestry education will improve the efficiency of the human capital of forest sector organizations which will affect the efficiency of the use of forest resources in Russia.
Phytogeography boundaries between Stone-birch and White-birch forests in the North of the Koryak Region
Authors: Yu Neshatayev V , Yu Neshataeva V , Kirichenko V E
Published: October 2020

The distribution boundaries of the two birch species communities: Stone-birch (Betula ermanii Cham.) and White birch (Betula platyphylla Sukacz) forests have been firstly reliably established for the North of the Koryak Region. The remote sensing data, aerial observations, original relevés, and itinerary research data were used. A map of the Stone-birch and White-birch forests allocation in the mainland part of the Koryak Region was compiled. It was shown that Stone-birch groves were found in relatively warmer and wetter areas adjacent to the Bering Sea coast. They occupy Southern and South-Eastern slopes of the Koryak Upland spurs; whereas White birch forests are common in the continental districts. They are found in the valleys of the rivers Penzhina, Talovka, Belaya, Oklan, Apukvayam, on the Penzhinskiy Ridge slopes. Stone-birch forests do not occur North of 62° northern latitude, do not overcome the boggy depression of Parapolsky Dale, and do not occur to the West of 167° 30’ eastern longitude. The natural phytogeographical boundary between the areas of the two birch formations are the Southern and South-Eastern spurs of the Koryak Upland.
Cartographo-Mathematical Modelling of Landscape Diversity for Land Use Planning Purposes
Authors: Osipov A , Dmitriev V , Kovyazin V , Romanchikov A
Published: October 2020

It is necessary to increase the informational supply of land-use planning so it causes the significance of investigation. Different cartographic materials are important part of this supply. For reaching this goal, authors developed the method of landscape diversity cartographo-mathematical modelling using GIS-technology. During the process of investigation, we got following results. We developed the method of landscape diversity modelling. We defined indexes describing landscape diversity, including: fragmentation index of natural region enclosures (amount of enclosures by landscape area unit); landscape complexity index (amount of enclosures and natural regions by its average area unit); landscape fragmentation index (ratio of average area of landscape enclosure to landscape area), pattern index (average amount of natural region enclosures to one group); Margalef and Menchinik indexes (relative abundance of natural region groups). We proposed the relationship for landscape diversity integrated index calculation and developed the quality determination scale for its evaluation. We tested the method on the East of Leningrad region including 16 landscapes (grouped to 5 types) and 1876 natural region enclosures. Landscape maps were main materials for investigation. Obtained results of landscape diversity evaluation have no contradictions with other researchers’ works.
Spatial organization of forestfund
Authors: Pasko O A , Kovyazin V F , Zakharchenko A V , Lebedeva N A
Published: October 2020

In the process of forest management in a particular constituent entity of the Russian Federation, unique regional features have formed that increase the effectiveness of forest management, the multi-purpose use of forests, their conservation, protection and reproduction, due to landscape-geographical and economic reasons.The aim of the research is to analyze the prevailing spatial forest land division by example of the Tomsk region.Scientific novelty lies in the development of methodological approaches to identify the spatial forest land organization.The object of our study is the Tomsk Region forest fund lands, divided into districts, forestries and district forestries according to the principle of three-level hierarchical division. The subject of the study is the spatial characteristics of 75 local forest districts located in 26 forest districts and in 17 administrative districts of the Tomsk Region.A set of methods is applied in our research, such as: abstract-logical, analytical, cartographic and mathematical modeling. In the course of the statistical analysis it is concluded, a hierarchical structure of the territorial division of the forest fund lands has been revealed according to the principles of MAUP. It is shown that the hierarchical levels of forest management overlap, breaking the General pattern.
Economical issues and organization of forestry nurseries
Authors: Petrov V , Filinova I , Bespal’ko A
Published: October 2020

Economical and organization of forestry nurseries in Russian Federation have some particularities connected with a form of property. for the lands belongs to the of forests Fund. Lands of forest Fund are in the state property. For the forestry nurseries land is a basic asset to produce planting materials. State property on forest land in its monopoly form became a breaking factor in the development of market relations in that field of operation. This article gives a brief analysis of demands in a forest planting materials and offers some organizational and economy mechanisms for the adaptation process in that transition period of development of the forest relations.
Problems and prospects for the development of the furniture industry in Vietnam
Authors: Polyanskaya O , Shaitarova O , Tereshenko S. , Tambi A , Vasilyeva L
Published: October 2020

Vietnam is a developing country with a diversified economy. The furniture industry in Vietnam is one of the most dynamic and successful industries in the process of international economic integration. In recent years, Vietnam’s woodworking industry has undergone profound changes, becoming one of the key industries in Vietnam. The furniture industry has become Vietnam’s fifth largest export industry after the oil refining, light industry and fisheries. Vietnam became the first exporter of furniture to Southeast Asia. Today, the furniture industry in Vietnam accounts for 6 –7% of the global market. Despite many achievements of the woodworking industry, there are many shortcomings. Among them we can single out the following shortcomings: second-rate quality of products, poor marketing, difficulty attracting investment, worn-out equipment, low qualifications of staff, and dependence on import.
Method of estimation of cusp catastrophe occurrence possibility based on limited statistical information
Authors: Skobtsov I G , Shilovskiy V N
Published: October 2020

This paper deals with the improvement of probabilistic methods of design by using the catastrophe theory and the possibility theory application. A brief description of the catastrophe theory is presented, the cusp catastrophe is considered, control parameters are viewed as fuzzy variables with unknown distribution laws in the first part of the paper. The definition of the possibility measure of the cusp catastrophe occurrence is given in the second part of the paper. The condition of the cusp catastrophe occurrence is formulated according to Zadeh’s extension principle. The proposed method can be applied to solve the problems of the technical systems reliability and to give recommendations for engineering of forest machine and equipment elements in the case of limited statistical information.
Elements of bases of mechanics of wood-polymer composites
Authors: Svoykin F , Bazarov A , Gasimov G , Alexandrov V , Bacherikov I
Published: October 2020

Abstracts. Disclosed is a solution of a particular case of a problem of polycomponent motion within a poly speed model, which is reduced to setting conditions of joint motion of components and determining intercomponent thermal-force interaction. The study of construction of the basis of mechanics of wood-polymer composites from phenomenological positions of mechanics of heterogeneous media is presented by construction of equations of laws of mass and momentum preservation for two component media and their closure by a viscous-elastic-plastic rheological model of the composite material for development of the basis of mechanics of wood-polymer composites from phenomenological positions of mechanics of heterogeneous media, Contributing to improvement of production of structured composite for FDM - printing technologies due to production of composites on the basis of thermopolymers with filling of them with ground wood. Raw materials can be wastes of logging and wood processing industries, the product is a composite with high filling of wood with a wide field of application in different sectors of national economy and industry. The equations are closed by a viscous-elastic-plastic rheological model of the composite material and by matching the equations of inseparability and the displacement strain vector.
Ensuring sustainable development of forestry in the Russian Federation
Authors: Svyatokho N V , Osmanova Z O , Timaev RA
Published: October 2020

The study is dedicated to the pressing issues of sustainable development of Russia’s forestry. The relevance of the study is substantiated by the importance of understanding sustainability as a new paradigm for the development of society and the uniqueness of forests as an ecosystem resource. The purpose of the study is to justify a set of measures to ensure sustainable development of forestry at the mega- and macrolevels, while taking into account the economic, environmental and social aspects of this process. The present study used international and Russian research data and publications, and regulatory documents. Based on the provisions of the Concept of Sustainable Development of Forestry and other international and national regulatory documents, we present the results of the analysis and the rationale for the proposed measures to ensure the sustainable development of the forest complex of the Russian Federation in the following areas: reforestation and afforestation; forest conservation and protection; monitoring, inventory and assessment of forests; public administration, services and support; forest exploitation; and forest education and science. The study identified problems of sustainable development of the forestry sector of the Russian Federation that require immediate attention. We provide characteristics of some digital solutions in the forestry of the Russian Federation. We have also analyzed the effectiveness of tools for assessing the status and for inventory of forest resources of the Russian Federation, and presented a comprehensive rationale for digitalization of forestry. We have analysed in detail the level of the development of forestry education and science and proposed the ways for further improvement.
Development of a software module for the analysis of the state of the forest using remote sensing data of the Earth
Authors: Tatarnikova T , Stepanov S , Petrov Y , Sidorenko A
Published: October 2020

The scientific work examines the process of designing and implementing the software module of the QGIS geographic information system for analyzing the state of the forest on the basis of a series of index images of different times. The module is successfully used as a separate tool and can be integrated into automated models of a more complex level. The scientific results serve as an example of applying an integrated approach to the processing of remote sensing data to detect violations of the integrity of the forest cover, with the aim of rapid response and strategic management.
Ergonomic features and social demand for means of transportation for people with limited mobility
Authors: Bekk N V , Taube M V , Boychenko I A , Cherkasova M A
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the strategy and tasks of the development of means of transportation for people with limited mobility. The characteristics of people with limited mobility are reflected. The aims of the study: to reflect social issues for this group, to describe ergonomic requirements for the design of the facility, to give ergonomic diagrams and their rationale, to develop the concept of means of transportation. Possibilities of elements arrangement are shown.
Sustainability assessment of residential building architecture in terms of Nikos A. Salingaros’s criteria
Authors: Bystrova T Y , Rodnova O Y
Published: October 2020

Modern ‘sustainable’ architecture requires clear criteria for the comprehensive assessment of its forms. An American theorist N. A. Salingaros deduced a number of laws governing the creation of a stable and adaptive architectural form that follows the structure of natural forms. These patterns serve as the basis for the authors of the article to derive criteria for evaluating architectural objects. The criteria are framed in the system, the testing of which was carried out in the analysis of residential complexes of the city of Yekaterinburg in 2010-2020.
Architectural and planning principles of STEAM-space organization
Authors: Morozova O V , Dukhanina E S
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the issue of organizing the educational space for the implementation of STEAM technology. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of STEAM learning and to formulate the principles of organizing the learning space for this type of learning. On the topic of the research, a brief overview of the implemented architectural projects of educational spaces using STEAM technology was carried out. As a result, the authors identified architectural and planning features and principles of organizing spaces for STEAM training and created a model of an art and technology lyceum using the obtained principles for organizing a block of informatics and 3D modelling.
Microalgae in architecture as an energy source
Authors: Ilvitskaya S V , Chistyakova A G
Published: October 2020

Microalgae possess unique properties: in the course of their life, microalgae, through the absorption of carbon dioxide, sunlight and nutrients, carry out the process of photosynthesis and turn into biomass. Biomass is further processed and many types of products are produced from it, such as oils, nutraceuticals, livestock feed, fertilizers and other substances. Some of them can be used as a renewable energy source, for example, for the production of biofuels. The production of biofuels using biomass as a renewable energy source, which is an inexhaustible source for solving the energy problem, is becoming increasingly important. The use of algae in architecture has brought many benefits, such as energy saving, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, oxygen generation, biofuel production, wastewater treatment at the micro level using building facades and at the macro level by integration into urban space. This article analyzes the problems associated with these aspects and proposes their solutions, which must be taken into account when further integrating photobioreactor systems into architecture.
Historical and architectural monuments of wooden architecture in the territory of historical settlements in Belgorod region
Authors: Kolesnikova L I , Aksenov V V , Brakovenko M V
Published: October 2020

The study analyzes the origin and development of wooden architecture in Belgorod region in connection with the development of the Wild Field on the southern borders of Russia. Volumetric-planning and architectural and compositional features of the preserved wooden heritage buildings were considered: church buildings and residential buildings in large settlements both for poor population and for more prosperous one. The study describes the architectural and compositional construction of temples and residential buildings of different centuries. The authors analyzed the construction periods and the impact of architectural styles that were embodied in the space-planning solution and the design of facades of both wooden churches and residential buildings. Particular attention was paid to cultural heritage sites of regional significance – architectural monuments located in cities of Belgorod and Stary Oskol and villages of Belgorod region. The article presents the research work related to the conversion of a cultural heritage site into a hotel and a museum.
Identification of a tool for evaluation of lighting solutions by users on the example of architectural lighting
Authors: Koval I V , Bystryantseva N V , Kolgushkina S V , Lekus E U
Published: October 2020

This article devoted to description of investigation citizens perception the lighting solutions of architectural lighting at the historical centers of Saint-Petersburg and Copenhagen. The main purpose is recognition the factors of lighting solution attractiveness for further implementation in lighting design. The experiment where every respondent should take evaluation of one or the other lighting solutions has been done for research this area. The questions creation and data analysis occurred by using the Mehrabian and Russell psychological model (PAD) also method S-O-R (stimuli, organism, response). As the result such factors of attractiveness as luminance, color, artistry (imagery), contextual correlation have been determined. This research has been conducted within master thesis at CLD ITMO University
Relevant forms of youth suit and transforming accessories and ergonomic approach for their development
Authors: Maltseva V A , Maljavko L N
Published: October 2020

The article presents data on the design, composition and design work on the implementation of the design project of a suit and accessories-transformers for young people under the motto “Cold Desert”. The article presents the result of the analysis of fashion trends for the season “autumn-winter 2020-2021”, the choice of a source of creativity, the development of a series of sketches of the collection, an artistic and technical description of the appearance of products, determining the most accurate and modern method of designing a suit, studying the properties of the materials used, making drawings basic and model designs of the project and the choice of processing technology for products. The studies have shown that the ergonomic approach improves consumer qualities of products and contributes to the adaptation of their imaginative solutions and designs for everyday use.
Minimalism as a strategy for overcoming information overload of interface design for interactive city devices
Authors: Ryabinina-Zadernovskaya V E
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issues of forming a comfortable urban information environment using graphic design, namely, minimalism as a strategy for organizing visual information obtained through interaction with interactive interfaces in the urban environment. In modern megacities, devices with a touch screen increasingly provide the organization of the process of information interaction between a city and a person. From a visual point of view, they provide ample opportunities for the implementation of a graphic form. However, at the same time, the question remains to what extent the visual design of the software of urban information carriers affects the efficiency of their use, and how their aesthetic characteristics form the information and graphic ecology of the city. In recent years, the information space has expanded significantly; therefore, the organization of an environmentally friendly urban graphical environment has turned out to be associated with the need to apply approaches to organizing data that can reduce information and visual noise, as well as reduce the level of information pollution of the surrounding urban environment. This circumstance, on the one hand, enhances the importance of interaction design as a primary stage in creating an effective information design. On the other hand, it promotes a conscious restriction in the use of graphical tools, reflecting an ethical approach to interface design.
Features of the design of animation graphics of educational multimedia edition on the discipline “Draft Geometry”
Authors: Sergin R P , Nigmatullin V R , Pechenkina T V , Tkach D G
Published: October 2020

The article describes the theoretical foundations and practical methods of designing animation graphics for educational multimedia publications on the subject of descriptive geometry. The use of animated graphics as an effective means of visualizing volumetric-spatial models is considered. The effectiveness of the educational multimedia edition with elements of animated graphics in the educational process is investigated, a comparison is made with the traditional methods of teaching the discipline.
Truss model data analysis in Autodesk Revit
Authors: Vedernikova A A , Shishmarev R A
Published: October 2020

The article presents the process and results of truss model data analysis using the Revit API. Methods for obtaining model data are presented, as well as an example of their application: calculation of the truss using the finite element method. Fragments of the program code for the plug-in are given. The calculation results in the plug-in correspond to the calculation results in specialized programs. This article is useful for architects and designers using the Revit API and Dynamo.
Modern embankments of minor rivers on the example of the Belgorod region’s cities
Authors: Yarmosh T S , Grigoreva P V
Published: October 2020

The article considers the problem of creating a comfortable recreational space in degraded riverside territories. The author analyzes the experience of the embankments’ reconstruction of the Belgorod region, identifies priority directions in the development of the territory improvement projects. The article provides examples of new attractive, comfortable, and functionally developed embankments in the Belgorod region’s cities. The creation of which was and is being carried out on previously degraded riverside territories, which contributes to improving the level and quality of the population’s life, as well as attracting visitors to the city.
Graphene coated fabrics by ultrasonic spray coating for wearable electronics and smart textiles
Authors: Sreeja Sadanandan Kavya , Bacon Agnes , Shin Dong-Wook , Alkhalifa Saad F R , Russo Saverio , Craciun Monica F , Neves Ana I S
Published: October 2020

The seamless incorporation of electronics in textiles have the potential to enable various applications ranging from sensors for the internet of things to personalised medicine and human-machine interfacing. Graphene electronic textiles are a current focus for the research community due to the exceptional electrical and optical properties combined with the high flexibility of this material, which makes it the most effective strategy to achieve ultimate mechanical robustness of electronic devices for textile integrated electronics. An efficient way to create electronic textiles is to fabricate devices directly on the fabric. This can be done by coating the textile fabric with graphene to make it conductive. Here we discuss successful and efficient methods for coating graphene nanoplatelets on textile substrates of nylon, polyester and meta-aramid using ultrasonic spray coating technique. These coatings are characterised by scanning electron microscopy, contact angle and electrical conductivity measurements in order to identify the optimal textile electrode. Our study provides the foundation for the large-area fabrication of graphene electronic textiles.
A Two-Tiered Theory of the Sublime
Authors: Shapshay Sandra
Published: October 2020

By the start of the twenty-first century, the notion of ‘the sublime’ had come to seem incoherent. In the last ten years or so considerable light has been shed by empirical psychologists on a related notion of ‘awe’, and a fruitful dialogue between aestheticians and empirical psychologists has ensued. It is the aim of this paper to synthesize these advances and to offer what I call a ‘two-tiered’ theory of the sublime that shows it to be a coherent aesthetic category. On this theory, sublime experiences begin in an ‘awe response’ (the ‘thin sublime’) and might, with the additional element of temporally-extended reflection, turn into a ‘thick sublime’ response. Building on accounts of the sublime as a species of ‘aesthetic awe’ (Clewis, 2019a and 2019b; Arcangeli, et al., 2020) I aim to show that this two-tiered theory helps to explain why sublime experiences seem to have a basic, primordial core, but also seem to be historically and culturally quite variable (as Nicolson, 1963 [1959]; Battersby, 2007; and McMahon, 2017 have stressed). On this model, the cultural and historical variability comes in largely at the point of the temporally-extended reflection characteristic of the thick sublime, due to the cognitive stock that the subject brings to the encounter. Thus, sublime experiences really lend themselves to being interpreted quite variously by the subject (as well as by the theorist) of these experiences, as, for example, affording insight into the Divine, our moral vocation, or our metaphysical unity with the entire universe, among other lofty thoughts.
INSM1 Expression in Chordomas
Authors: Dridi Maroa , Boutonnat Jean , Dumollard Jean Marc , Peoc’h Michel , Karpathiou Georgia
Published: October 2020

Objectives

Chordomas are rare malignant tumors with a broad differential diagnosis, including chondrosarcomas and metastatic carcinomas. Recently, insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has gained great interest regarding the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors but also extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. However, its expression in chordomas remains largely unknown.

Methods

We retrospectively examined 57 chordomas for INSM1 expression.

Results

INSM1 expression was found in only 5% of tumors.

Conclusions

This marker is rarely expressed in this type of tumor, raising questions about neuroendocrine differentiation.
Evaluation of AccuFIT 9000: A Novel Apparatus for Quantitative Fit Testing of Particulate Respirators
Authors: Grinshpun Sergey A , Yermakov Michael , Kano Minoru
Published: October 2020

Various strategies developed for protecting frontline workers and the general public from the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, largely rely on respiratory protective devices (RPDs), especially considering recent evidence about the aerosol transmission route of COVID-19. Performance of an RPD primarily depends on how well the protective device fits the wearer. Therefore, quantitative fit testing of particulate respirators is crucial for achieving the intended protection level. Millions of fit tests are conducted every year using a US OSHA-accepted standard protocol involving a PortaCount® (TSI Inc., Shoreview, MN, USA) which measures a respirator fit factor. Recently, several alternative fit testing instruments have been developed and introduced to the market. Among them is an AccuFIT 9000 (Kanomax-Japan Inc., Suita-city, Osaka, Japan), which, like the PortaCount®, utilizes the condensation particle counting principle, but features an advanced saturation chamber design allowing for a longer residence time and greater flow stability. It is also claimed to have a more cost-efficient assembly than its predecessors. In this study, the novel AccuFIT apparatus was extensively evaluated against the PortaCount® (the reference instrument) using the traditional standard fit testing protocol and following the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard (Z88.10-2010 Annex A2). The evaluation was performed with three types of respirators, N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR), P100 FFR, and half-mask elastomeric facepiece, of different models and manufacturers donned on 25 subjects. The comparative testing and analysis showed that the AccuFIT 9000 is capable of identifying an inadequate fit of the tested respirators with a sensitivity 0.95 and specificity of 0.97, which meets the ANSI requirement of ≥0.95. The other ANSI requirements/recommendations were also met. It was concluded that the novel fit testing apparatus demonstrated an acceptable performance and, thus, can be successfully deployed for the quantitative respirator fit testing.
Development, Spanish Normative Data, and Validation of a Social Cognition Battery in Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Delgado-Álvarez Alfonso , Pytel Vanesa , Delgado-Alonso Cristina , Olbrich-Guzmán Carmen María , Cortés-Martínez Ana , Moreno-Ramos Teresa , Montero-Escribano Paloma , Matías-Guiu Jorge , Matias-Guiu Jordi A
Published: October 2020

Objectives

The assessment of social cognition changes may be challenging, especially in the earliest stages of some neurodegenerative diseases. Our objective was to validate a social cognition battery from a multidomain perspective. In this regard, we aimed to adapt several tests, collect normative data, and validate them in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods

A total of 92 healthy controls, 25 prodromal AD, and 39 MS patients were enrolled. Age-, gender-, and education-matched control groups were created for comparisons. Social cognition battery was composed of an emotion-labeling task developed from FACES database, the Story-based Empathy test (SET), the Faux Pas test, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Patients were also evaluated with a comprehensive cognitive battery to evaluate the other cognitive domains. Automatic linear modeling was used to predict each social cognition test’s performance using the neuropsychological tests examining other cognitive domains.

Results

The reliability of the battery was moderate-high. Significant intergroup differences were found with medium-large effect sizes. Moderate correlations were found between social cognition battery and neuropsychological tests. The emotion labeling task and SET showed moderate correlations with age and education, and age, respectively. Regression-based norms were created considering the relevant demographic variables. Linear regression models including other neuropsychological tests explained between 7.7% and 68.8% of the variance of the social cognition tests performance.

Conclusions

Our study provides a battery for the assessment of social cognition in prodromal AD and MS with Spanish normative data to improve the evaluation in clinical and research settings.
An update: mechanisms of microRNA in primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Wang Yuanping , Niu Lingzhi , Zhao Jing , Wang Mingxuan , Li Ke , Zheng Yajuan
Published: October 2020

Glaucoma is a disease with characteristic optic neuropathy and loss of vision, leading to blindness, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common glaucoma type throughout the world. Genetic susceptibility is the main factor in POAG, and most susceptibility genes cause changes in microRNA expression and function, thereby leading to POAG occurrence and development. Increasing evidence indicates that many microRNAs are involved in the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and play an important role in the increase in IOP in POAG. Additionally, microRNA is closely related to optic nerve damage factors (mechanical stress, hypoxia and inflammation). This review discusses the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in POAG-related genes on microRNA and the value of microRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of POAG.
Network principal component analysis: a versatile tool for the investigation of multigroup and multiblock datasets
Authors: Codesido Santiago , Hanafi Mohamed , Gagnebin Yoric , González-Ruiz Víctor , Rudaz Serge , Boccard Julien
Published: October 2020

Motivation

Complex data structures composed of different groups of observations and blocks of variables are increasingly collected in many domains, including metabolomics. Analysing these high-dimensional data constitutes a challenge, and the objective of this article is to present an original multivariate method capable of explicitly taking into account links between data tables when they involve the same observations and/or variables. For that purpose, an extension of standard principal component analysis called NetPCA was developed.

Results

The proposed algorithm was illustrated as an efficient solution for addressing complex multigroup and multiblock datasets. A case study involving the analysis of metabolomic data with different annotation levels and originating from a chronic kidney disease (CKD) study was used to highlight the different aspects and the additional outputs of the method compared to standard PCA. On the one hand, the model parameters allowed an efficient evaluation of each group’s influence to be performed. On the other hand, the relative relevance of each block of variables to the model provided decisive information for an objective interpretation of the different metabolic annotation levels.

Availability and implementation

NetPCA is available as a Python package with NumPy dependencies.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.