bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una interpretación lacaniana del trabajo identitario en el Estado emprendedor: El caso de Chile
Authors: Valenzuela Francisco , Sánchez Gustavo
Published: November 2018

En este trabajo se propone que una lectura lacaniana puede enriquecer las aproximaciones al estudio de los procesos de organización de la subjetividad en el contexto (pos)neoliberal latinoamericano. Con el objetivo de responder a la pregunta sobre qué es lo que lleva a los sujetos-servidores-públicos a vincularse con el discurso de la forma-empresa y así sostener su hegemonía, se analizan entrevistas realizadas a gerentes públicos chilenos encargados de planificar y desarrollar políticas de emprendimiento. Nuestro análisis muestra cómo los registros lacanianos de lo imaginario y lo simbólico permiten dar cuenta del incesante trabajo identitario de los sujetos con los inconsistentes recursos discursivos posburocráticos. Los hallazgos permiten abrir una perspectiva prácticamente inexplorada en los estudios organizacionales de la región y evaluar críticamente el presunto estadio ‘posneoliberal’ latinoamericano.
Estrategias para enfrentar el Síndrome de Agotamiento Profesional. Aportes desde la institución y los trabajadores penitenciarios peruanos
Authors: Bracco Bruce Lucia , Valdez Oyague Raúl , Wakeham Nieri Andrea , Velázquez Tesania
Published: November 2018

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa que tenía como objetivo analizar las estrategias para enfrentar el Síndrome de Agotamiento Profesional (SAP) y el estrés laboral en el contexto penitenciario peruano, desde la perspectiva de los trabajadores penitenciarios. Para ello, se desarrollaron 21 entrevistas semi-estructuradas a autoridades del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario (INPE) y 12 grupos focales donde participaron 59 trabajadores de las áreas de tratamiento y seguridad de 10 Establecimientos Penitenciarios (E.P.) a nivel nacional. Los participantes dan cuenta de la necesidad de implementar estrategias con diferentes objetivos: centradas en la institución, centradas en la persona y/o grupos y mixtas. Para que las intervenciones funcionen, se enfatiza en la importancia de llevar a cabo programas que busquen cambios estructurales en la institución, organización y el fortalecimiento de habilidades. Asimismo, reconocer las opiniones de “abajo hacia arriba”, buscando construir programas participativos que logren incidir a largo plazo en las instituciones.
¿Estudios Organizacionales en Chile? Entre la parcelación, la ambigüedad y las racionalidades en disputa
Authors: Ríos González Nicolás Alejandro , Toro Juan Pablo , Pérez-Arrau Gregorio , Mandiola Cotroneo Marcela , Espejo Alvaro
Published: November 2018

Este artículo busca aportar al debate en Chile respecto al desarrollo de un campo abarcativo e interdisciplinar como es el de los Estudios Organizacionales. Para ello se recorre la trayectoria de este campo desde su surgimiento en el norte global hasta sus desplazamientos por Latinoamérica, arribando a los hitos fundacionales que marcan el desarrollo del pensamiento organizacional en Chile. En este contexto, el artículo trae a escena las voces actuales de diferentes académicos, investigadores y consultores organizacionales a partir de un diálogo generativo usando la metodología del world café. Tras realizar un análisis temático del contenido, los resultados permiten develar los principales desafíos situados que acarrea la constitución de un campo de identidad incierta como los estudios organizacionales: la parcelación disciplinaria, la ambigüedad identitaria y las racionalidades en disputa.
Editorial Sección Temática Estudios Organizacionales en Latinoamérica: Oportunidades, perspectivas y proyecciones
Authors: Psicoperspectivas Revista
Published: November 2018

Esta edición reúne en un número específico, los trabajos que actualmente se realizan en nuestro continente alrededor de los estudios organizacionales. Vistos sus orígenes foráneos lo que da especial carácter a esta convocatoria dice relación con la inquietud por identificar qué es lo que distingue a estos estudios en nuestro continente, preguntándonos por un campo que se debate entre la afirmación, la oposición o incluso la permanente indefinición. Haciendo énfasis en nuestro derrotero local y siguiendo a Ríos, Toro, Pérez, Mandiola y Espejo, se busca destacar y sumar los esfuerzos de organizaciones especializadas que se han consolidado en nuestro continente. Esta Sección Temática está integrada por 13 artículos seleccionados de un total de 30 artículos recibidos. Las contribuciones provienen de diversos ámbitos tanto disciplinarios como geográficos y buscan complejizar las miradas y metodologías para abordar investigaciones sobre los estudios organizacionales en Latinoamérica. Con ellos constatamos que nuestros Estudios Organizacionales se construyen desde el ejercicio de una praxis profesional, junto al ejercicio de hacer ciencia.
An important mechanism of regional O3 transport for summer smog over the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China
Authors: Hu Jun , Li Yichen , Zhao Tianliang , Liu Jane , Hu Xiao-Ming , Liu Duanyang , Jiang Yongcheng , Xu Jianming , Chang Luyu
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Severe ozone (O3) pollution episodes plague a few regions in eastern
China at certain times of the year, e.g., the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). However, the formation
mechanisms, including meteorological factors, contributing to these severe pollution events
remain elusive. A severe summer smog stretched over the YRD region from
22 to 25 August 2016. This event displayed hourly surface O3 concentrations that
exceeded 300 µg m−3 on 25 August in Nanjing, an urban area in the western
YRD. The weather pattern during this period was characterized by near-surface
prevailing easterly winds and continuous high air temperatures. The formation
mechanism responsible for this O3 pollution episode over the YRD region, particularly
the extreme values over the western YRD, was investigated using
observation data and by running simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting
model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). The results showed that the extremely high
surface O3 concentration in the western YRD area on 25 August was
largely due to regional O3 transport in the nocturnal residual
layer (RL) and the diurnal change in the atmospheric boundary layer.
On 24 August, high O3 levels, with peak values of
220 µg m−3, occurred in the daytime mixing layer over the eastern YRD region. During
nighttime from 24 to 25 August, a shallow stable boundary layer formed near
the surface which decoupled the RL above it from the surface. Ozone in the
decoupled RL remained quite constant, which resulted in an O3-rich
“reservoir” forming in this layer. This reservoir persisted due to the absence of O3 consumption from nitrogen
oxide (NO) titration or dry deposition during nighttime. The prevailing
easterly winds in the lower troposphere governed the regional transport of
this O3-rich air mass in the nocturnal RL from the eastern to the western YRD. As
the regional O3 transport reached the RL over the western YRD, O3
concentrations in the RL accumulated and rose to 200 µg m−3 over the
western Nanjing site during the sunrise hours on 25 August. The development of
the daytime convective boundary layer after sunrise resulted in the
disappearance of the RL, as the vertical mixing in the convective boundary layer
uniformly redistributed O3 from the upper levels via the
entrainment of O3-rich RL air down to the O3-poor air at the ground.
This net downward transport flux reached up to 35 µg m−3 h−1,
and contributed a considerable surface O3 accumulation, resulting in severe daytime
O3 pollution during the summer smog event on 25 August in the western YRD region.
The mechanism of regional O3 transport through the nocturnal RL revealed
in this study has great implications regarding understanding O3 pollution
and air quality change.
Evaluating Models' Response Of Tropical Low Clouds to SST Forcings Using CALIPSO Observations
Authors: Cesana Gregory , Del Genio Anthony D. , Ackerman Andrew S. , Kelley Maxwell , Elsaesser Gregory , Fridlind Ann M. , Cheng Ye , Yao Mao-Sung
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Recent studies have shown that in response to a surface warming, the marine tropical low-cloud cover (LCC) as observed by passive sensor satellites substantially decreases, therefore generating a smaller negative value of the top-of-the-atmosphere cloud radiative effect (CRE). Here we study the LCC and CRE interannual changes in response to sea surface temperature (SST) forcings in the GISS Model E2 climate model, a developmental version of the GISS Model E3 climate model, and in 12 other climate models, as a function of their ability to represent the vertical structure of the cloud response to SST change against 10 years of CALIPSO observations. The more realistic models (those that satisfy the observational constraint) capture the observed interannual LCC change quite well (ΔLCC/ΔSST = −3.49 ± 1.01 % K−1 vs. ΔLCC/ΔSSTobs = −3.59 ± 0.28 % K−1) while the others largely underestimate it (ΔLCC/ΔSST = −1.32 ± 1.28 % K−1). Consequently, the more realistic models simulate more positive shortwave feedback (ΔCRE/ΔSST = 2.60 ± 1.13 W m−2 K−1) than the less realistic models (ΔCRE/ΔSST = 0.87 ± 2.63 W m−2 K−1), in better agreement with the observations (ΔCRE/ΔSSTobs = 3.05 ± 0.28 W m−2 K−1), although slightly underestimated. The ability of the models to represent moist processes within the planetary boundary layer and produce persistent stratocumulus decks appears crucial to replicating the observed relationship between clouds, radiation and surface temperature. This relationship is different depending on the type of low cloud in the observations. Over stratocumulus regions, cloud top height increases slightly with SST, accompanied by a large decrease of cloud fraction, whereas over trade cumulus regions, cloud fraction decreases everywhere, to a smaller extent.
Improving the Mean and Uncertainty of Ultraviolet Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer In-Situ Calibration Factors: Utilizing Gaussian Process Regression with a New Method to Estimate Dynamic Input Uncertainty
Authors: Chen Maosi , Sun Zhibin , Davis John M. , Liu Yan-An , Corr Chelsea A. , Gao Wei
Published: November 2018

Abstract. To recover the actual responsivity for Ultraviolet Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (UV-MFRSR), the complex (e.g. unstable, noisy, and with gaps) time series of its in-situ calibration factors (Vo) need to be smoothed. Many smoothing techniques require accurate input uncertainty of the time series. A new method is proposed to estimate the dynamic input uncertainty by examining overall variation and subgroup means within a moving time window. Using this calculated dynamic input uncertainty within Gaussian Process regression (GP) provides the mean and uncertainty functions of the time series. This proposed GP solution was first applied on a synthetic signal and showed significant smaller RMSEs than a Gaussian Process regression performed with constant values of input uncertainty and the mean function. GP was then applied to three UV-MFRSR Vo time series at three ground sites; The method appropriately accounted for variation in slopes, noises, and gaps at all sites. The validation results demonstrated that the agreement between aerosol optical depths (AODs) calculated using Vo determined by the GP mean function and AERONET AODs were consistently better than those calculated using Vo from standard techniques (e.g. moving average). The improved accuracy of in-situ UVMRP Vo values suggests the GP solution is a robust technique for accurate analysis of complex time series and may be applicable to other fields.
High-precision measurements of nitrous oxide and methane in air with cavity ring-down spectroscopy at 7.6 μm
Authors: Tang Jing , Li Bincheng , Wang Jing
Published: November 2018

Abstract. A high-sensitivity methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) sensor based on mid-infrared continuous-wave (cw) cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) technique was developed for environmental and biomedical trace gas measurements. A tunable external-cavity mode-hop-free (EC-MHF) quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating at 7.4 to 7.8 µm was used as the light source. The effect of temperature fluctuation on the measurement sensitivity of the CRDS experimental setup was analyzed and corrected, and a sensitivity limit of absorption coefficient measurement of 7.38 × 10 10 cm−1 was achieved at 1330.50 cm−1 with an average of 176 measurements, or 26.4-seconds averaging time, and further improved to 1.70 × 10–10 cm−1 with average of 3266 measurements, or 490-seconds averaging time. For the targeted CH4 and N2O absorption lines located at 1298.60 cm−1 and 1327.07 cm−1, with temperature effect correction detection limits of 18.2 pptv and 14.9 pptv were experimentally achieved with 24.9-seconds and 20.5-seconds averaging time, and could be further improved to 3.62 pptv and 4.67 pptv with 513-seconds and 461-seconds averaging time, respectively. Four spectral bands (1298.4 cm−1 to 1298.9 cm−1, 1310.1 cm−1 to 1312.3 cm−1, 1326.5 cm−1 to 1328 cm−1, and 1331.5 cm−1 to 1333 cm−1) in the spectral range from 1295 cm−1 to 1335 cm−1 were selected for the separate and simultaneous measurements of CH4 and N2O under normal atmospheric pressure, and all were in good agreements. The concentrations of CH4 and N2O of atmospheric air collected at different locations and of exhaled breath were measured and analyzed. It was found that raining might have effect on the N2O concentration in out-door open-field air and anaerobic bacteria in water and soil of wetland might significantly increase the CH4 concentration in air. The measured N2O concentration in the central city area was somewhat lower than the reported normal level in open air. Our results demonstrated the temporal and spatial variations of CH4 and N2O in air.
On the radiation belt location in the 23–24 solar cycles
Authors: Dmitriev Alexei V.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Within the last two solar cycles (from 2001 to 2018), the location of the outer radiation belt (ORB) was determined with using NOAA/Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite observations of energetic electrons with energies above 30 keV. It was found that the ORB was shifted a little (~1 degrees) in the European and North American sectors while in the Siberian sector, ORB was displaced equatorward by more than 3 degrees. The displacements corresponded qualitatively to the change of geomagnetic field predicted by the IGRF-12 model. However in the Siberian sector, the shift was found to be ~2 degrees larger than that predicted by the model. The equatorward shift became prominent after 2012 that might be related to a geomagnetic jerk occurred in 2012–2013. The displacement of ORB to lower latitudes in the Siberian sector can contribute to an increase in the occurrence rate of mid-latitude auroras observed in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Variation of key elements in soils and plant tissues in subalpine forests of the northern Rocky Mountains, USA
Authors: Pompeani David P. , McLauchlan Kendra K. , Chileen Barrie V. , Wolf Kyra D. , Higuera Philip E.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The essential elements for the structure and function of forest ecosystems are found in relatively predictable proportions in living tissues and soils; however, both the degree of spatial variability in elemental concentrations and their relationship with wildfire history are unclear. Quantifying the association between nutrient concentrations in living plant tissue and surface soils within fire-affected forests can help determine how these elements contribute to biogeochemical resilience. Here, we present elemental concentration data (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn) from 72 foliar and 44 soil samples from a network of 15 sites located in the fire-prone subalpine forests of the northern Rocky Mountains, USA Plant functional type is strongly correlated with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) – C concentrations are highest in coniferous needles, and N concentrations are highest in broadleaved plant species. The average N / P ratio of foliage among samples is 9.8 ± 0.6 (μ ± 95 % confidence). This suggests that N is the limiting nutrient for these plants, however several factors can complicate the use of N / P ratios to evaluate nutrient status. Average C concentrations in organic soil horizons that were burned in regionally extensive fires in 1910 or 1918 CE are lower than those from sites that burned prior to 1901 CE (p
A low-cost device for measuring local magnetic anomalies in volcanic terrain
Authors: de Groot Bertwin M. , de Groot Lennart V.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Reconstructions of the past behavior of the geomagnetic field critically depend on the magnetic signal stored in extrusive igneous rocks. These rocks record the Earth's magnetic field when they cool and retain this magnetization on geological time scales. In rugged volcanic terrain, however, the magnetic signal arising from the underlying flows may influence the ambient magnetic field as recorded by newly formed flows on top. To measure these local anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field directly we developed a low-cost field magnetometer based on a flux gate sensor. To improve the accuracy of the obtained paleomagnetic vector and user friendliness of the device we combined this flux gate sensor with tilt and GPS sensors to rotate the measured magnetic vector to true North, East and down. The data acquisition is done using a ruggedized laptop and data are immediately available for first order interpretation. The first measurements done on Mt. Etna show local variations in the ambient magnetic field larger than expected, and illustrate both the accuracy (certainly
Rail transit development in lagging regions: A development-oriented investment and financing approach
Authors: Xiao Yu , Zhong Haotian , Zhou Tao , Zhou Yulin
Published: November 2018

Transportation infrastructure investment can play a significant role in promoting urban development. How can governments finance expensive rail transit investments and promote urban development in lagging regions? This paper reviews a case in Chongqing, China, a municipality that proactively invested in rail transit development through a mechanism of land value capture and guided rapid urbanization. We use path analysis to test the assumption that the rail transit system investment, which is directly linked to the amount of available government reserve land, was an important determinant in promoting urban development. We found that the availability of government reserve land alone cannot promote urban development. However, building transportation infrastructure on government reserve land serves as the catalyst to foster urban development. We see this development-oriented investment and financing approach as promising for raising funds for rail transit investment in other lagging regions in the world.
A social equity analysis of the U.S. public transportation system based on job accessibility
Authors: Jeddi Yeganeh Armin , Hall Ralph , Pearce Annie , Hankey Steve
Published: November 2018

Access to quality public transportation is critical for employment, especially for low-income and minority populations. This study contributes to previous work on equity analyses of the U.S. public transportation system by including the 45 largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in a single analysis. Year-2014 Census demographic data were combined with an existing 2014 dataset of transit job accessibility. Then, transit equality and justice indicators were developed and a regression analysis was performed to explore trends in transit job accessibility by race and income. The findings suggest that within individual MSAs, low-income populations and minorities have the highest transit job accessibility. However, the overall transit ridership is low, and in certain MSAs with high transit job accessibility both high and low income populations have high access levels but middle income populations do not. Within individual MSAs, on average, accessibility differences by income are greater than accessibility differences by race. The relative importance of race versus income for injustice increases with MSA size. In upper mid-size and large MSAs, differences by race increase. Also, the differences by race are greater among low-income populations. Accessibility-related equality and justice indicators are only one of many issues that comprise the wider discussion of equity.
Arte y Estética de la Disrupción
Authors: Ríos-Espinosa M. Cristina
Published: November 2018

Este ensayo analiza el modo de ser del juego como disrupción a través del juego, la fiesta y el ritual y su fuerza como transfiguración de lo real mediante la filosofía hermenéutica de Georg Gadamer y Bolívar Echeverría, y la estética de la cotidianidad de Katya Mandoki quienes estudian estos fenómenos disruptivos como alternativas críticas a la noción de estética entendida como desinterés, belleza, buen gusto y genialidad; y a la del arte al servicio de las exigencias de la modernidad. Las artes no son meras producciones materiales, estáticas y anémicas, sino espíritus vivos a través de los cuales podemos hacer un reconocimiento intersubjetivo y comunitario. En este sentido, esta investigación defiende la tesis de una refuncionalidad del arte como disrupción estética para responder a la pregunta de si existe la posibilidad de una transformación de las estéticas y de las prácticas artísticas contemporáneas en oposición al servilismo de las exigencias de la modernidad, para liberar a nuestra sensibilidad del dominio de las formas de vida productivistas mediante la vía lúdica y festiva, una rebelión en el arte.
New records of smut fungi from Korea. 3
Authors: Denchev Teodor T. , Shin Hyeon-Dong , Denchev Cvetomir M.
Published: November 2018

Four smut fungi, Microbotryum nepalense, Sphacelotheca polygoni-senticosi, Tilletia barclayana, and T. setariae-viridis, are reported for the first time from South Korea. Additionally, Persicaria longiseta and P. posumbu are newly recorded as South Korean
hosts of Sphacelotheca hydropiperis, and Echinochloa crus-galli is a new South Korean host for Ustilago trichophora.
New records of six Pyrenula species from China
Authors: Fu Jie-Meng , Wang Zhong-Liang , Wang Chun-Xiao , Zhang Lu-Lu
Published: November 2018

Pyrenula mastophora, P. micheneri, and P. thailandica are reported for the first time from China; and P. bahiana, P. complanata, and P. platystoma are reported for the first time from mainland China. Descriptions, illustrations, and
distributions are given for each species.
Biologic Adjuvants for the Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Hogan MaCalus V. , Hicks Justin J. , Chambers Monique C. , Kennedy John G.
Published: November 2018

Surgical techniques for the management of recalcitrant osteochondral lesions of the talus have improved; however, the poor healing potential of cartilage may impede long-term outcomes. Repair (microfracture) or replacement (osteochondral transplants) is the standard of care. Reparative strategies lead to production of fibrocartilage, which, compared with the native type II articular cartilage, has decreased mechanical and wear properties. The success of osteochondral transplants may be hindered by poor integration between grafts and host that results in peripheral cell death and cyst formation. These challenges have led to the investigation of biologic adjuvants to augment treatment. In vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated promise for cartilage regeneration by decreasing inflammatory damage and increasing the amount of type II articular cartilage. Further research is needed to investigate optimal formulations and time points of administration. In addition, clinical trials are needed to investigate the long-term effects of augmentation.
Does the Ricardian Equivalence Theorem Capture the Consumption Behavior of Maltese Households?
Authors: Cassar Ian P. , Davison Kurt , Xuereb Christian
Published: November 2018

This paper explores the relationship between government debt and private consumption for Malta. In particular, it attempts to find evidence in favor or against the proposition that the consumption behavior of Maltese households follows the Ricardian Equivalence Theorem. The empirical findings from this analysis suggest that household consumption behavior in Malta is not Ricardian. The resulting lack of evidence supporting the presence of a cointegrating relationship between private consumption and public debt indicates that there is no long run relationship amongst these two variables. However, the results obtained from a subsequent application of a vector auto regressive generalized impulse response function suggests that in the short-term a rise in public debt does positively influence private household consumption. This implies that Keynesian theory may be better suited at explaining the underlying behavior of Maltese households in response to changes in the level of public debt, supporting the view that Maltese households, on aggregate, exhibit a myopic behavior with regards to household consumption patterns. This suggests that to an extent, the Government may thus be able to take advantage of the implicit effectiveness of an expansionary fiscal stance to stimulate the economy through higher aggregate consumption, at least in the short run. However, it should be noted that in the case of Malta the non-presence of the Ricardian Equivalence Theorem may not necessarily imply a high level of effectiveness of Keynesian fiscal policy, given that Malta is a small and open economy characterized by a high level of import content in its aggregate demand components. The longer-term implications pertaining to the public debt burden on future generations should be taken into account by policy makers as higher levels of debt could result in an eventual contractionary fiscal stance, which would negatively impact the consumption pattern of future generations.
Multiscale Morphological Reconstruction for Hair Removal in Dermoscopy Images
Authors: Ocampo- Blandón C. F. , Restrepo-Parra E. , Riaño-Rojas J. C. , Jaramillo F.
Published: November 2018

The automatic diagnosis of melanoma is usually affected by the noise that is often included in an image, during the acquisition stage or by superficial factors such as hair. Specifically, hair on the surface of a lesion can cause enough distortion, resulting in an erroneous diagnosis of the region of interest. To solve this issue, several techniques have been presented to detect hair on the surface of a dermoscopy image and substitute a surface approximation for these regions. Nonetheless, the existing methods are prone to false detections or reconstructions that are not uniform, demand high computing resources and modify the textures of important characteristics. Therefore, we proposed a method that detects the hairs by means of a convolution of the image with a kernel belonging to the first derivative of the Gaussian function and replaces the hairs using a multiscale morphological reconstruction. In addition, we integrated a refining stage that contributes to maintaining the quality of the patterns on the lesion. We used 36 dermoscopy images in the evaluation, which included a total of 586 hairs that were automatically detected with the proposed process and validated with their respective manual segmentations. Our results showed sensitivity and specificity performance measurements of 94.14% and 99.89%, respective.
2018/23 Labour Court treats the consequences of cancer as a disability (BE)
Authors: Busschaert Gautier
Published: November 2018

2018/23 Labour Court treats the consequences of cancer as a disability (BE)

The Labour Court of Brussels treats the long-term effects of cancer as a disability in accordance with the case law of the ECJ. This has triggered an obligation on employers to consider making reasonable adjustments before looking at dismissal.
2018/25 Two new cases consider whether fathers’ parental leave should be paid the same as mothers’ maternity leave (UK)
Authors: Gegaden Ludivine
Published: November 2018

2018/25 Two new cases consider whether fathers’ parental leave should be paid the same as mothers’ maternity leave (UK)

Two differently constituted Employment Appeal Tribunals (‘EATs’) have recently considered whether it is sex discrimination to pay men on parental leave less than women on maternity leave. In Capita, the EAT decided that it was not direct sex discrimination to fail to pay full salary to a father taking shared parental leave, in circumstances where a mother taking maternity leave during the same period would have received full pay. However in Hextall, the EAT has indicated that enhancing maternity pay but not pay for shared parental leave may give rise to an indirect sex discrimination claim by fathers.
Two new remarkable genera and two new species of Gyponini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae) from Brazil
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre C. , Cavichioli Rodney R.
Published: November 2018

The Neotropical fauna of Gyponini is very diverse and still poorly known. Many new species have characters that do not fit with the currently recognized genera, which makes it necessary to propose new ones. Herein, we propose two new Brazilian genera of Gyponini: Acuthana gen. nov., based on A. transgressa gen. et sp. nov. from the State of Mato Grosso, Central-West Brazil and Rectapona gen. nov. based on R. nigrifascia gen. et sp. nov. from the states of Paraná and São Paulo, South and Southeast Brazil, respectively. Diagnosis, detailed description and illustrations of male and female are provided for each taxon, as well as comparisons with closely related genera.
Some Aspects of Economic Security of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region under Conditions of Geo-Economic Uncertaint
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Lachininskiy S. S. ,   Institute of Problems of Regional Economics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2018

In this article, I consider individual aspects of the economic security of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region amid the geo-economic uncertainty observed since 2014. The object of the study is the economic and technological sustainability of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region given geo-economic risks and growing challenges to economic security. To evaluate the economic security of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, I employ some of the parameters proposed in the Strategy for the Economic Security of the Russian Federation until 2030. I also use other parameters pertinent to the evaluation of the state of an economy amid geoeconomic uncertainty, in this case, in the conditions of the crisis of 2014—2016, brought about by both external and internal factors. I employ the concept of the triad of regional economic competitiveness, regional economic security, and sustainable regional socio-economic development. I believe that this triad does not only demonstrate the logic of the current and prospective development of a Russian region but also highlights weaknesses and opportunities for future development. The competitiveness of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad region amid geo-economic uncertainty is considered through the performance of the regions’ key enterprises and emerging technology companies. I analyse the revenue profiles of the regions’ leading industrial enterprises in 2014—2015 and emphasise the role of key industrial exporters. This article is a preliminary study without any claim to completeness. Further research will seek to present the findings obtained in more detail.
Appropriation under Low Intellectual Property Regimes: The Role of Communities in the Online Alternative Adult Entertainment Industry1
Authors: LE Kim-Marlène , PÉNIN Julien
Published: November 2018

The online adult entertainment industry, as Darling (2014) showed, is a new case of low intellectual property regime, i.e. largely inefficient in preventing the massive copying of content. In this paper, we focus on alternative pornography and explore the mechanisms which contribute to the creation of pornographic content. We argue that user communities help content providers to absorb sunk costs associated with content production and distribution. Our main conclusion is that, although user communities cannot solve alone the incentive failure in online pornography, they complement and reinforce strategies which enable content producers to earn revenues from vulnerable copyrighted works.
Préférences des PME en matière de politiques publiques de responsabilité sociale des entreprises : une comparaison France-Québec1
Authors: Labelle François , Courrent Jean-Marie , Spence Martine
Published: November 2018

Quelles approches en matière de politiques publiques sont préférées par les PME pour soutenir leurs actions de responsabilité sociale ? Ces préférences diffèrent-elles selon les pays ? Une enquête auprès de 300 PME en France et au Québec montre qu’elles préfèrent les approches accompagnatrices aux approches coercitives. Les PME des deux régions réagissent de façon assez semblable à la majorité des politiques qui leur sont présentées, quoique les PME québécoises semblent mieux accepter les approches coercitives et sont plus sensibles aux incitatifs financiers que les PME françaises. Ces différences sont analysées sous l’angle des particularités culturelles des pays.
L’innovation-valeur comme dynamique stratégique. Le cas du Pentathlon Moderne
Authors: Lassalle Frédéric
Published: November 2018

Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’existence d’une dynamique d’innovations stratégiques. Elle est étudiée au travers de l’innovation-valeur (Kim et Mauborgne, 2005) dans le cas de la fédération internationale de pentathlon moderne (UIPM). Cette instance doit innover pour assurer sa survie face à ses principales parties prenantes, le Comité International Olympique (CIO) et ses clients, les pratiquants. L’étude de cas permettra de tester l’existence d’une dynamique d’innovations stratégiques.
Paper Bastions: Architecting Academic Citadels from 1991 to 2009
Authors: Walsh Stephen James , Yan Jie , Mangematin Vincent , Mei Maggie Qiuzhu
Published: November 2018

How were paper bastions added to the walls of academic citadels? By mapping the evolution of the coauthorship network in 180 management journals from 1991 to 2009, we identify an elite league of business schools that retained dominance despite the research community’s significant growth. The elite universities maintain their prominence through a loop of reinforcement involving the peer review process and third-party ranking bodies, though the perceived quality of the papers published was declining as measured by the percentage of overall citations. Leading U.S. universities dominate top journal publications, while new local poles of management research among European and Asian universiteis emerged.
Mathematical and computational modeling of host-pathogen interaction in the lung lesion development due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans
Authors: Lavrova Anastasia , Esmedlyaeva Diljara , Belik Vitaly , Postnikov Eugene
Published: November 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) has a long history as a major disease in humans and animals. New resistant strains are jeopardizing the advances in the battle against TB. 40% of HIV deaths occur due to concurrent TB illness. A causative agent of TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causes severe implications for a patient. The tuberculosis process is accompanied usually by the lung tissue destruction and cavitation associated with imbalance in the system of matrix metalloproteinases/inhibitors (MMP/TIMP). At the same time, pathogen can stimulate an inﬂammatory process leading to an even greater imbalance of MMP/TIMP facilitating the tissue destruction. Such positive feedback also could be conditioned by the initially damaged immune status of the host. We have developed model based on the study of “manipulation” of immune signaling and biochemical metabolic pathways by M. tuberculosis that reveal key factors contributing either to the beginning of reparative changes or the transition of the disease to a chronic form. We have deﬁned, deploying the mathematical model and being based on published clinical observations, ”key parameters” stimulating the restoration of the structure and functions of tissues, as well as analyzed the dynamics of cellular populations for the diagnosis of functional and pathological conditions of the host.
Saccades and handedness interact to affect scene memory
Authors: Ellmore Timothy M. , Mackin Bridget , Ng Kenneth
Published: November 2018

Repetitive saccades benefit memory when executed before retrieval, with greatest effects for episodic memory in consistent-handers. Questions remain including how saccades affect scene memory, an important visual component of episodic memory. The present study tested how repetitive saccades affect working and recognition memory for novel scenes. Handedness direction (left–right) and degree (strong/consistent vs. mixed/inconsistent) was measured by raw and absolute laterality quotients respectively from an 8-question handedness inventory completed by 111 adults. Each then performed either 30 s of repetitive horizontal saccades or fixation before or after tasks of scene working memory and scene recognition. Regression with criterion variables of overall percent correct accuracy and d-prime sensitivity showed that when saccades were made before working memory, there was better overall accuracy as a function of increased direction but not degree of handedness. Subjects who made saccades before working memory also performed worse during subsequent recognition memory, while subjects who fixated or made saccades after the working memory task performed better. Saccades made before recognition resulted in recognition accuracy that was better (Cohen’s d = 0.3729), but not significantly different from fixation before recognition. The results demonstrate saccades and handedness interact to affect scene memory with larger effects on encoding than recognition. Saccades before scene encoding in working memory are detrimental to short- and long-term memory, especially for those who are not consistently right-handed, while saccade execution before scene recognition does not appear to benefit recognition accuracy. The findings are discussed with respect to theories of interhemispheric interaction and control of visuospatial attention.
Assyrian Sculptures from the Nergal Gate Museum at Nineveh before the Islamic State’s Attack
Authors: Brusasco Paolo
Published: November 2018

After the destruction of the treasures of the Mosul Cultural Museum in Iraq shown in the Islamic State (IS) video released on February 26, 2015, scholars focused their discussion on the inventory of the missing items and the question of how many modern copies were present. A few suggested that the video circulating of the devastation was possibly a montage of items originating from different places. Based on a new photographic database provided by Suzanne E. Bott, a U.S. Reconstruction Advisor in Iraq between 2007 and 2010, this paper shows that some of the artifacts featured in the video were photographed in the small Nergal Gate Museum at the archaeological site of Nineveh. This sets up the problem of identifying objects whose provenance is the Nergal Gate Museum instead of the Mosul Museum. An historical and archaeological analysis of items from the Nergal Gate Museum, both originals and copies, is here carried out in order to highlight the cultural importance of this little-known but significant institution which has been lost forever.
Bhaṭṭanāyaka and the Vedānta Influence on Sanskrit Literary Theory
Authors: Reich James D.
Published: November 2018

In the history of Sanskrit literary theory Bhaṭṭanāyaka occupies an influential yet mysterious position. Abhinavagupta clearly owes a great debt to him, but since Bhaṭṭanāyaka’s works themselves have been lost, it has proven difficult to understand exactly what that debt is. The common understanding is that Bhaṭṭanāyaka was a Mīmāṃsaka and that he applied the principles of Vedic hermeneutics to literature. But this actually doesn’t fit well with much of what Abhinavagupta tells us about Bhaṭṭanāyaka, and upon closer inspection it becomes clear that in fact Abhinavagupta presents him as someone who was thoroughly interested in ideas drawn from non-dual Vedānta. This article reexamines the depictions of Bhaṭṭanāyaka in Abhinavagupta’s works and shows that while the evidence for a Mīmāṃsā connection is quite thin, the evidence for a similar connection to Vedānta is quite strong. Taking this connection seriously helps us develop a much clearer picture of Bhaṭṭanāyaka’s ideas, and it also helps us understand various details of Abhinavagupta’s response to Bhaṭṭanāyaka that would otherwise remain obscure.
Schrift und Schriftlichkeit: Die anatolische Hieroglyphenschrift. By Annick Payne
Authors: Melchert H. Craig
Published: November 2018

Schrift und Schriftlichkeit: Die anatolische Hieroglyphenschrift. By Annick Payne. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. Pp. xvii + 232, illus. €68 (paper).
God Enki in Sumerian Royal Ideology and Mythology. By Peeter Espak
Authors: Gadotti Alhena
Published: November 2018

The God Enki in Sumerian Royal Ideology and Mythology. By Peeter Espak. Philippika, vol. 87.

Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. Pp. xviii + 235. €52 (paper).
Hellenistic Far East: Archaeology, Language, and Identity in Greek Central Asia. By Rachel Mairs
Authors: Kosmin Paul
Published: November 2018

The Hellenistic Far East: Archaeology, Language, and Identity in Greek Central Asia. By Rachel Mairs. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2014. Pp. xvi + 231, illus. $85.
Al-Radd al-jamīl, A Fitting Refutation of the Divinity of Jesus Attributed to Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī. Edited by Mark Beaumont and Maha El Kaisy-Friemuth
Authors: Cucarella Diego R. Sarrió
Published: November 2018

Al-Radd al-jamīl, A Fitting Refutation of the Divinity of Jesus Attributed to Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī. Edited by Mark Beaumont and Maha El Kaisy-Friemuth. History of Christian-Muslim Rela- tions, vol. 28. Leiden: Brill, 2016. Pp. vii + 207. $125, €104.
Epic Tales from Ancient India: Paintings from the San Diego Museum of Art. Edited by Marika Sardar
Authors: Gulbransen Krista
Published: November 2018

Epic Tales from Ancient India: Paintings from the San Diego Museum of Art. Edited by Marika Sardar. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Art, 2016. Pp. 164. $45. [Distr. by Yale Univ. Press.]
The pyrolysis of natural gas: A study of carbon deposition and the suitability of reactor materials
Authors: Wang Steven , Lee Woo Jin , Li Chao'en , Kuan Benny , Burke Nick , Patel Jim
Published: November 2018

This study of methane pyrolysis was designed to look at carbon deposition on the internal reactor and wafer surface during CH4 pyrolysis. The rate of carbon deposition on the internal reactor surfaces could be reduced with: lower methane/oxygen ratios, shorter residence times, and lower temperatures. The type of carbon formed appeared to have a significant effect on the pyrolysis process. Pyrolytic carbon with a lower order structure produces a higher selectivity for carbon formation compared to carbon with a higher order structure. Form a process perspective, there are two obvious means of addressing this: deposited carbon could be regularly removed; and/or pyrolysis conditions are selected that produce carbon with a higher order structure. From the results, it is very clear that any development of a commercial process for natural gas pyrolysis in ceramic reactor systems would have to carefully address the selection of reactor material. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 1035–1046, 2019
Nondestructive adult age at death estimation: Visualizing cementum annulations in a known age historical human assemblage using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography
Authors: Le Cabec Adeline , Tang Nancy K. , Ruano Rubio Valentin , Hillson Simon
Published: November 2018

Objectives

Adult age at death estimation continues to challenge physical anthropologists. One estimation method involves counting tooth cementum annulations (TCA). Non‐destructively accessing TCA is a critical step to approaching fossil teeth of unknown age and to verifying life history profiles of human ancestors. This pilot study aims to (a) non‐destructively image TCA in teeth from a known age archeological human population by propagation phase contrast X‐ray synchrotron μCT (PPC‐SR‐μCT) (b) test the correlation between real and estimated ages, and the accuracy, precision and bias of age estimates.

Materials and Methods

We examine 20 permanent human canines (aged 20–81 years), from a 18th to 19th century known age collection from St. Luke's Church (London, England). We scanned transverse segments of acellular cementum in the apical portion of the middle root third using PPC‐SR‐μCT. We generated virtual transverse sections on which two observers perform two sessions of blind TCA counts. We calculate the estimated ages at death by adding 10 years to the TCA counts.

Results

A moderately strong positive linear relationship exists between real and estimated ages (r= 0.76,p< .001), with an average inaccuracy of 16.1 years and an average bias towards underestimation of 15.7 years. This difference is lower in individuals <50 years (6.8 and 6.5 years, respectively,n= 10) compared with those >50 years (24.9 years,n= 10).

Discussion

We reliably imaged and identified TCA in individuals <50 years from a known‐age archeological sample. Scanning refinement will yield a promising alternative to current destructive methods of TCA analyses and to aid access to life history events in adult fossil hominins.
Reactivity of Highly Lewis‐Acidic Diborane(4) toward C≡N and N=N Bonds: Uncatalyzed Addition and N=N Bond‐Cleavage Reactions
Authors: Katsuma Yuhei , Wu Linlin , Lin Zhenyang , Akiyama Seiji , Yamashita Makoto
Published: November 2018

The diboration of the C≡N bond in organic nitriles, and the N=N bond in azobenzene and pyridazine, by the highly Lewis‐acidic tetra(o‐tolyl)diborane(4) are reported. In the reactions with nitriles, azobenzene, and pyridazine, the addition of diborane(4) to the C≡N and N=N bonds was observed. Conversely, the N=N bond in phthalazine was cleaved by an addition/rearomatization sequence.
Gewölbetragwirkung durchlaufender Eisenbetondecken – Rettung funktionstüchtiger Denkmäler?
Authors: Akkermann Jan , Zowada Tobias
Published: November 2018

Historische Eisenbetondecken weisen oft beeindruckende Schlankheiten auf. Die nachhaltige Nutzung der denkmalgeschützten Bausubstanz in z. T. geänderter Funktion bedarf eines Nachweises der Standsicherheit. Die Bestandskonstruktionen lassen sich nach üblichen, aktuell gültigen Bemessungsverfahren oftmals nicht nachweisen. Dem steht häufig die Feststellung einer bis dato schadensfreien Nutzung gegenüber. Parallel zu Belastungsversuchen erscheint der Ansatz der Gewölbetragwirkung von Platten mit horizontaler Verformungsbehinderung vielversprechend als denkmalgerechte und wirtschaftliche Lösungsmöglichkeit zur Minimierung von Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen. Anhand materiell und geometrisch nichtlinearer Berechnungen wurden die prinzipiellen Effekte bei schlanken, einachsig gespannten Decken untersucht. Auf Basis der Theorie zur Compressive Membran Action wurde ein vereinfachtes Berechnungsmodell für qualitative Parameterstudien entwickelt. Die Nachweisführung mit dem Modell im Rahmen der gültigen Normung zeigt z. T. signifikante Traglastreserven auf. Die Anwendung des Modells bedarf einer eingehenden Materialerkundung im Bestand.