bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Serum Procalcitonin Levels in Patients of Acute Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Pandey Vikas Kumar , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Patralekh Mohit Kumar , Lal Hitesh
Published: June 2022

Aims:

The aim is to study the role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels in early diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis (OM) and septic arthritis (SA).

Settings and Design:

This is a prospective study in a tertiary hospital.

Subjects and Methods:

This study was done at a tertiary care hospital. Thirty-nine patients with SA or acute OM who attended the outpatient department or emergency were included in the study. 39 patients were taken as control group out of which one patient lost to follow-up, so 38 patients were left with control group. PCT level was evaluated by using immunoluminetric assay and a cutoff value of 0.5 ng/ml was taken as positive. After collection of data, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value are calculated for PCT.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used.

Results:

The sensitivity for PCT was 94.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 82.68–99.37), specificity was 86.84 (95% CI 71.91–95.59), positive predictive value was 88.10%, and negative predictive value was 94.29%, when taking cutoff of 0.5 ng/ml. We have taken 0.5 ng/ml as a cutoff point for PCT; however, as per receiver operator characteristic of this study, the cutoff point was 1.1 ng/ml.

Conclusions:

This study clearly showed that PCT can be helpful in the early diagnosis of OM and SA, along with other indicators such as total leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein.
Spinal Tuberculosis and Neurological Deficit
Authors: Patil Rohan R. , Mote Girish Balasaheb , Wankhede Aniket Kanhaiyalal , Wandile Kiran N. , Badole Chandrashekhar M.
Published: June 2022

Background:

India is a home for 27% of the world's tuberculosis (TB) cases. When compared, extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) cases have a lower incidence than pulmonary TB (PTB), but there is no significant reduction in the incidence of EPTB than PTB. Spinal TB is most common of skeletal TB.

Aims:

We aimed to study and to identify the clinical-radiological features in spinal TB and the incidence of neurological involvement along with factors associated with it.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective study in a tertiary care center of Central India.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 114 cases with spinal TB were included in the study. Data collected retrospectively from January 2008 to December 2018 using a picture archiving and picture archiving and communication system of the hospital. Radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging scan, computed tomography, and ultrasound findings were studied. History and clinical examination findings were thoroughly analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed using Epi Info Software.

Results:

There were 74 (64.9%) male cases and 40 (35.1%) female cases. Most of the cases belong to rural 85 (74.5%) than urban 29 (24.5%) area. After neurological evaluation, paraparesis/paraplegia was observed in 52 (45.6%) cases and tetraplegia in 2 (1.7%) cases. Sensory deficit was observed in 10 (10.5%) cases. Bowel/bladder involvement was present in 5 (4.4% cases). Most of the cases with neurodeficit had dorsal vertebral involvement 30 (61.1%).

Conclusions:

The pattern of spinal TB is varied and is difficult to get diagnosed. We observed a high proportion of cases with neurodeficit. Most of them were with late-onset TB. This highlights that early diagnosis and complete treatment are very important in the treatment of TB of the spine.
Bilateral Floating Knee
Authors: Ganesh Jay , Selvam Sabari
Published: June 2022

Ipsilateral fractures of the femur and tibia have been called “floating knee” injuries and may include combinations of diaphyseal, metaphyseal, and intra-articular fractures. These are often high-energy injuries and most frequently occur in the polytrauma patient. Many of these fractures are open, with associated vascular injuries. Surgical stabilization of both fractures and early mobilization of the patient and the extremity produce the best clinical outcomes. This rare case report is of 43-year-old female from an urban setup in Chennai who underwent an Road Traffic Accident (RTA) and sustained injuries that lead to a bilateral floating knee. She was initially managed as per principles of damage control orthopedics and stabilized with knee spanning external fixators on either side. On further stabilization of the patient, bilateral definitive fixation was done in a staged manner. The patient finally regained full functional range of motions on either limb and was completely rehabilitated within 3 months.
Is Conventional Knee Radiograph Reliable Enough to Assess the Anatomical Knee Alignment and Total Knee Prosthesis Position in Indian Population?
Authors: Balabadra Suryamanikanta , Vecham Ratnakar , Reddy Maryada Venkateshwar , Annapareddy Adarsh , Kumar M. Mahendra , Reddy A. V. Gurava
Published: June 2022

Background:

The success and survivorship of primary total knee replacement mainly depend on the postoperative alignment and implant position. Long-leg radiograph (LLR) is considered gold standard in assessing knee alignment postoperatively. Studies have reported that bowing of the femoral shaft in the coronal plane is prevalent in Asian population, which is not fully visualized on a conventional knee radiograph (CKR) and may affect the assessment of coronal alignment. However, postoperatively, CKR is easy to perform and has several advantages if it provides similar precision.

Purpose:

The purpose was to evaluate the validity of CKR in assessing the anatomical knee alignment and prosthesis position as compared with the LLR in Indian population.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred knees in 83 patients were subjected to CKR and LLR during postoperative follow-up at 6 weeks. Three parameters were evaluated to assess the coronal alignment and the component positions - femoral component angle (FCA), tibial component angle (TCA), and tibiofemoral angle (TFA).

Results:

There was an excellent correlation between the TCA as measured from the long and CKRs (r = 0.884, P = 0.01). There was a high positive correlation between the FCA (r = 0.703, P = 0.01) and TFA (r = 0.754, P = 0.01) as measured from the long radiographs and the conventional radiographs. Regression analysis defined these relationships to be linear.

Conclusion:

CKR could be an appropriate alternative for the LLR in evaluating the postoperative knee alignment and total knee prosthesis position despite the fact that there is excessive femoral bowing in Indian population.
Inter- and Intra-observer Variation of Schatzker Classification of Tibial Plateau Fractures and Morphological Characteristics of Each Fracture Subtype on Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Gupta Siddharth , Malhotra Raskesh , Srivastava Amit , Arora Rajesh , Aggarwal Aditya N. , Mishra Puneet
Published: June 2022

Background:

There is little information regarding inter- and intra-observer variation when classifying tibial plateau fractures using Schatzker classification system. There is paucity of literature regarding morphological characteristics of each Schatzker subtype on computerized tomography.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-three patients (age 18–70 years) of either sex with fresh (<3 weeks old), closed tibial plateau fracture were included after obtaining their informed consent. Patients with previous surgery around tibia or knee and the ones with pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Standard plain radiographs (anterior, posterior, and lateral views) and an additional noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan (with three-dimensional reconstruction) of knee and leg of the affected side were done. Five different surgeons classified these fractures as per Schatzker classification on two separate occasions. The intra- and inter-observer variations were calculated using the kappa test of Cohen. Additional morphological characteristics were also evaluated on CT scan.

Results:

The mean kappa values for five observers (A to E) for inter-observer agreement on Schatzker classification were 0.41 (moderate). The mean kappa value for intra-observer agreement was 0.71 (substantial). Six morphological characteristics were defined on CT scan-lateral condylar impaction (79.2%), tibial tuberosity fracture (3.8%), coronal plane (3.8%), tibial spine avulsion (22.6%), medial condylar impaction (17%), and posteromedial shear fracture (7.5%).

Conclusion:

There is inter- and intra-observer variation in Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fracture. The intra-observer variation (kappa 0.71) was found to be greater than the inter-observer variation (kappa 0.41). The additional morphological characteristics of tibial plateau fractures are better evaluated on CT scan. The articular depression, splits, and fracture geometry are better delineated on a CT scan than on plain X-rays alone.
Posterolateral Migration of Complete Vertebral Body in Neglected Tuberculosis of the Spine
Authors: Kaur Svareen , Singh Roop , More Hemant , Khanna Mohit
Published: June 2022

The most common presentation of tuberculosis (TB) of the spine is paradiscal lesion secondarily involving adjacent disc and vertebral bodies. If not diagnosed early, it can lead to extensive destruction and atypical features. We report a patient who presented late with posterolateral migration of the vertebral body and multifocal spinal involvement. A 30-year-old female presented with back pain, progressive spinal deformity, and paraparesis. Plain X-rays, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal extensive TB of the spine with posterolateral migration of the first lumbar vertebra. The vertebral body showed erosions. Posterior elements involvements with pars interarticularis defects of 12th dorsal to 2nd lumbar vertebra were observed. The patient was planned for stabilization of the spine along with excision of the migrated vertebra along with antituberculous treatment, but she refused surgery. The authors discuss the pathogenesis of such a rare event and stress the early detection of this complication.
The Safety and Efficacy of Biceps Tenodesis Performed using a Novel Suture Anchor
Authors: Johnson Andrea H. , Fowler M. Brook , West Michaline , Turcotte Justin J. , Redziniak Daniel E.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Biceps tendon degeneration or tearing is a significant cause of shoulder discomfort and dysfunction. Biceps tenodesis is commonly performed to treat symptomatic biceps tendon pathology. A variety of fixation techniques can be used including screw fixation, endobutton, or suture anchor techniques. This study examines the patient outcomes when the FOOTPRINT™ Ultra suture anchor system is used for biceps tenodesis.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing biceps tenodesis was conducted. All patients underwent biceps tenodesis using the FOOTPRINT™ Ultra suture anchor. The primary endpoint was any device-related complication during the intraoperative or postoperative period. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to assess patient characteristics and outcomes.

Results:

Twenty-nine patients were included in this study; 20 (69.0%) underwent arthroscopic biceps tenodesis and the remainder underwent open surgery. The mean follow-up time was 8.51 ± 5.28 months postoperatively. One patient experienced a postoperative infection within the first 30 days requiring a return to the operating room. Two patients experienced a complication within the first 6 months postoperatively. No patients experienced a device-related complication. No patients experienced a retear of their biceps tendon; two patients experienced a retear to their rotator cuff repair. The mean pain Numeric Rating Scale improved from 5.88 ± 2.58 on a scale of 0–10 preoperatively to 1.94 ± 2.32 postoperatively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The FOOTPRINT™ Ultra suture anchor appears to be safe for the use in patients undergoing arthroscopic or open biceps tenodesis.
To Evaluate the Role of Intralesional Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Corticosteroid (Triamcinolone) in Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Solanki Mahendra , Kelkar Rajeev , Baghel Pawan
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Plantar fasciitis is an aseptic inflammation of the plantar fascia and also the most common cause of plantar heel pain. Approximately more than 10% of the population is affected by it over their lifetime.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus corticosteroid (triamcinolone) therapy in plantar fasciitis and to study the complications associated with both the procedures and their management.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 36 patients of plantar fasciitis (fulfilling the inclusion criteria) who presented to the OPD/Casualty of Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital, Indore, between September 2018 and August 2020. The study was a prospective and interventional type.

Results:

The mean Roles and Maudsley Subjective Pain score (RMSPS) score at pretreatment was 3.72 ± 0.46 for PRP and 3.72 ± 0.46 for steroids; at 1 month, it was 1.61 ± 0.78 for PRP and 1.44 ± 0.70 for steroids; and at 6 months, it was 1.22 ± 0.55 for PRP and 1.94 ± 0.73 for steroids. The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score at pretreatment was 7.72 ± 0.96 for PRP and 7.78 ± 1.0 for steroids; at 1 month, it was 2.89 ± 1.68 for PRP and 2.50 ± 1.47 for steroids; and at 6 months, it was 1.28 ± 1.49 for PRP and 2.61 ± 1.69 for steroids. PRP injections have shown effectiveness in providing pain relief, improving function in plantar fasciitis patients. As a result, VAS and RMSPS score was significantly reduced (P = 0.015) at 6 months as compared to preprocedure and thus proved the effectiveness of the PRP therapy. It also shows that PRP is a better method in reducing pain in plantar fasciitis compared to steroid injection.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrates PRP injection to be an effective and well-tolerated alternative to corticosteroid injection in the management of chronic plantar fasciitis with an added advantage of almost no side effects due to its biological nature and better patient compliance.
Insights into Plasmodium vivax Asymptomatic Malaria Infections and Direct Skin-Feeding Assays to Assess Onward Malaria Transmission in the Amazon
Authors: Moreno Marta , Torres Katherine , Tong Carlos , García Castillo Stefano S. , Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel , Guedez Gerson , Torres Lutecio , Herrera-Varela Manuela , Guerra Layné , Guzman-Guzman Mitchel , Wong Daniel , Ramirez Roberson , Llanos-Cuentas Alejandro , Conn Jan E. , Gamboa Dionicia , Vinetz Joseph M.
Published: June 2022

Understanding the reservoir and infectivity of Plasmodium gametocytes to vector mosquitoes is crucial to align strategies aimed at malaria transmission elimination. Yet, experimental information is scarce regarding the infectivity of Plasmodium vivax for mosquitoes in diverse epidemiological settings where the proportion of asymptomatically infected individuals varies at a microgeographic scale. We measured the transmissibility of clinical and subclinical P. vivax malaria parasite carriers to the major mosquito vector in the Amazon Basin, Nyssorhynchus darlingi (formerly Anopheles). A total of 105 participants with natural P. vivax malaria infection were recruited from a cohort study in Loreto Department, Peruvian Amazon. Four of 18 asymptomatic individuals with P. vivax positivity by blood smear infected colony-grown Ny. darlingi (22%), with 2.6% (19 of 728) mosquitoes infected. In contrast, 77% (44/57) of symptomatic participants were infectious to mosquitoes with 51% (890 of 1,753) mosquitoes infected. Infection intensity was greater in symptomatic infections (mean, 17.8 oocysts/mosquito) compared with asymptomatic infections (mean, 0.28 oocysts/mosquito), attributed to parasitemia/gametocytemia level. Paired experiments (N = 27) using direct skin-feeding assays and direct membrane mosquito-feeding assays showed that infectivity to mosquitoes was similar for both methods. Longitudinal studies with longer follow-up of symptomatic and asymptomatic parasite infections are needed to determine the natural variations of disease transmissibility.
Case Report: Community-Acquired Burkholderia cepacia Pneumonia of a Patient with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Li Qiang , Ma Li-Ping
Published: June 2022

Community-acquired Burkholderia cepacia pneumonia is rare. We report a 29-year-old female who suffered pulmonary tuberculosis and developed community-acquired Burkholderia cepacia pneumonia, which was confirmed by the culture of the pulmonary tissue. The patient received antitubercular therapy. Meanwhile, she was treated with meropenem and minocycline. The patient was followed up for 6 months, and she achieved complete absorption of lung lesions.
The Reliability of Graduate Medical Education Quality of Care Clinical Performance Measures
Authors: Kim Jung G. , Rodriguez Hector P. , Holmboe Eric S. , McDonald Kathryn M. , Mazotti Lindsay , Rittenhouse Diane R. , Shortell Stephen M. , Kanter Michael H.
Published: June 2022

Background

Graduate medical education (GME) program leaders struggle to incorporate quality measures in the ambulatory care setting, leading to knowledge gaps on how to provide feedback to residents and programs. While nationally collected quality of care data are available, their reliability for individual resident learning and for GME program improvement is understudied.

Objective

To examine the reliability of the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) clinical performance measures in family medicine and internal medicine GME programs and to determine whether HEDIS measures can inform residents and their programs with their quality of care.

Methods

From 2014 to 2017, we collected HEDIS measures from 566 residents in 8 family medicine and internal medicine programs under one sponsoring institution. Intraclass correlation was performed to establish patient sample sizes required for 0.70 and 0.80 reliability levels at the resident and program levels. Differences between the patient sample sizes required for reliable measurement and the actual patients cared for by residents were calculated.

Results

The highest reliability levels for residents (0.88) and programs (0.98) were found for the most frequently available HEDIS measure, colorectal cancer screening. At the GME program level, 87.5% of HEDIS measures had sufficient sample sizes for reliable measurement at alpha 0.7 and 75.0% at alpha 0.8. Most resident level measurements were found to be less reliable.

Conclusions

GME programs may reliably evaluate HEDIS performance pooled at the program level, but less so at the resident level due to patient volume.
Effects of COVID-19 on Residency and Fellowship Training: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Hogan Sean O. , Holmboe Eric S.
Published: June 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every facet of American health care, including graduate medical education (GME). Prior studies show that COVID-19 resulted in reduced opportunities for elective surgeries, lower patient volumes, altered clinical rotations, increased reliance on telemedicine, and dependence on virtual didactic conferences. These studies, however, focused on individual specialties. Because the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) routinely collects information from all programs it has an obligation to use these data to inform the profession about important trends affecting GME.

Objective

To describe how the pandemic influenced resident training across all specialty programs in areas of clinical experiences, telemedicine, and extended trainings.

Methods

The ACGME validated a questionnaire to supplement the Annual Update reporting requirements of all accredited programs. The questionnaire was tested to ensure easy interpretation of instructions, question wording, response options, and to assess respondent burden. The questionnaire was administered through the Accreditation Data System, which is a password-protected online environment for communication between the ACGME and ACGME-accredited programs.

Results

We received a response rate of 99.6% (11 290 of 12 420). Emergency medicine, family medicine, internal medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology programs experienced the most significant impact. Most programs reported reduced opportunities for in-person didactics and ambulatory continuity rotations. Hospital-based programs on the “frontline” of COVID-19 care relied least on telemedicine. Family medicine and internal medicine programs accounted for the greatest number of extended trainings.

Conclusions

COVID-19 has affected GME training, but its consequences are unevenly distributed across program types and regions of the country.
The Potentials of Bamboo-Based Agroforestry Systems in Improving the Productivity of Tropical African Agricultural Systems
Authors: Addo-Danso A. , Amankwaa-Yeboah P.
Published: June 2022

Agricultural productivity is important for food security and income generation among other benefits. In tropical Africa, agricultural productivity is generally perceived as low. This low productivity can be increased through means such as crop improvement, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, agroforestry, modernization, technology adoption, irrigation and mechanization. This paper is focused on how agroforestry systems, more especially, bamboo-based systems can improve the productivity of tropical agricultural systems. Analysis of relevant literature was carried out to bring together existing information on tropical African Agricultural Systems, present a brief history of their evolution and analyze ways of increasing their productivity. The bamboo-based systems approach is highlighted as a potential means to improve tropical African Agricultural Systems.
Enhancing Legal Argument Mining with Domain Pre-training and Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Gechuan , Nulty Paul , Lillis David
Published: June 2022

The contextual word embedding model, BERT, has proved its ability on downstream tasks with limited quantities of annotated data. BERT and its variants help to reduce the burden of complex annotation work in many interdisciplinary research areas, for example, legal argument mining in digital humanities. Argument mining aims to develop text analysis tools that can automatically retrieve arguments and identify relationships between argumentation clauses. Since argumentation is one of the key aspects of case law, argument mining tools for legal texts are applicable to both academic and non-academic legal research. Domain-specific BERT variants (pre-trained with corpora from a particular background) have also achieved strong performance in many tasks. To our knowledge, previous machine learning studies of argument mining on judicial case law still heavily rely on statistical models. In this paper, we provide a broad study of both classic and contextual embedding models and their performance on practical case law from the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). During our study, we also explore a number of neural networks when being combined with different embeddings. Our experiments provide a comprehensive overview of a variety of approaches to the legal argument mining task. We conclude that domain pre-trained transformer models have great potential in this area, although traditional embeddings can also achieve strong performance when combined with additional neural network layers.
Tig Alın Kaynaklı Alüminyum Birleştirmelerin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin SKP ve T6 Isıl İşlemi Yoluyla Kaynak Sonrası Modifikasyonu Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: GENÇER Gökçe Mehmet , YOLCU Coşkun , KAHRAMAN Fatih
Published: June 2022

Ergitme kaynağı ile birleştirme endüstrinin her alanında yaygın olarak uygulanan imalat yöntemlerindendir. Özellikle yüksek ısıl iletim ve genleşme katsayısına sahip, sıvı halde hidrojen çözünürlüğü yüksek olan ve yüzeyinde rijit oksit tabakası bulunan alüminyum alaşımlarının ergitme kaynağıyla imalatında iri tane oluşumu, mekanik özelliklerde düşüş vb. olumsuzluklar gerçekleşebilmektedir. Bu nedenle ergitme kaynaklı birleştirmelerin ömürleri ve mukavemetleri açısından kaynak sonrası işlem ile kaynak bölgesinin iç yapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi çoğu uygulama için önemli rol oynamaktadır. Çalışmamızda, tungsten inert gaz (TIG) kaynağı ile birleştirilen AA6082-T6 plakaların kaynak bölgesi özelliklerine kaynak sonrası işlem olarak uygulanan sürtünme karıştırma prosesi (SKP) ve T6 ısıl işleminin etkileri araştırılmıştır. SKP ve T6 ısıl işleminin mekanik özelliklere ve iç yapıya etkileri çekme testi, mikrosertlik testi ve mikroyapı incelemeleri ile araştırılmıştır. SKP ile kaynak dolgusunun işlem gören bölgesindeki (karıştırma bölgesi) dendritik tanelerin parçalanarak ince taneli iç yapının elde edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, SKP’nin malzemede oluşturduğu ısıl girdi ile ısıdan etkilenen bölgenin (IEB) genişlemesine ve sertliğin daha geniş bölgede düşmesine sebep olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Kaynak sonrası uygulanan T6 ısıl işlemi ile kaynaklı birleştirmenin mekanik özelliklerin arttırıldığı ancak tokluğunun azaldığı gözlemlenmiştir.
НЕОЛОГИЗАМ „ОНОЦВЕТНО” У АРИЉСКОМ АНЂЕЛУ БРАНКА МИЉКОВИЋА
Authors: Младеновић Јелена
Published: June 2022

“The Angel of Arilje”, a poem from Branko Miljković’s volume of poems Fire and Nothing (1960), is the poet’s another expression of transforming the metaphysical into poetical. All the significant questions in Miljković’s poetics, furthermore, in neosymbolist poetics are mirrored in it: the relation between poetry and reality, erasing of subject (oblivion), and the nature of poem. Within the image of an angel (a fresco and poetic imagery), Miljković has discovered the desired balance between the material and the spiritual. The relation between the realities of the former and the latter side of the wall is a precondition for understanding Miljković’s notion of emptiness, not only as a place of birth of poetry, but also as the discovery of the ontological meaning. Having in mind the lexicographic aspect of the poem “The Angel of Arilje”, here we observe Miljković’s neologism “onocvetno/other-florally” as the key poetism in which Miljković’s creative principle of connecting metaphysics and poetry is epitomized.
ПЕРИОДИЗАЦИЈА СЛОВЕНАЧКЕ КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ XX ВЕКА У ИСТОРИЈАМА КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ ЗА ЈУГОСЛОВЕНСКО ПОДРУЧЈЕ
Authors: Симоновић Стефан
Published: June 2022

Having considered thesis that histories of literature, as most relevant and most comprehensive synthesis of literature development, reconstruct literary past and/or present, in this paper we tend to determine principles of periodization and point out main phases in the development of the Slovenian literature of 20th century. The corpus consists of histories of Slovenian literature by Stanko Janež (1959), Anton Slodnjak (1972), Jože Počanik and Franc Zdravec, including literary-historical review by Marija Mitrović (1995). In this paper we will also examine Serbo-Slovenian cultural dialog within socialist Yugoslavia.
МАГБЕТ – ОД ИДЕАЛНОГ ДО ТРАГИЧНОГ ЈУНАКА
Authors: Павловић Соња
Published: June 2022

The subject of this paper is Macbeth – the main hero and the bearer of Shakespeare’s tragedy of the same name. Firstly, we will approach the tragedy of Macbeth and point out the character traits of the main hero by examining in which way Macbeth can be determined as an ideal and in which way as a tragic hero. With an analytical approach to the tragedy, we will focus on the three key factors that are laid as the groundwork of the investigation: witches, Macbeth’s ambition and the influence Lady Macbeth has on Macbeth. Examining the three factors, we will point out Macbeth’s penetration into the criminal world that begins with the witches’ prophecies and completely distorts the moral norms he followed until then. Macbeth’s ambition, placed at the centre of his malice, is considerably strengthened by the prophecy of the third witch and plays the greatest part in Macbeth’s tragic downfall. Lady Macbeth is an additional element to the previously mentioned factors. She does not allow the criminal thread already ingrained in Macbeth to be cut and her role is to incite him to criminogenic activity. Mutually intertwined, these factors affect the radical metamorphosis of Macbeth’s personality, undermine his integrity, his noble inner being that turns evil and disastrously impact his mental state. Therefore, the aim is to point out the genesis Macbeth’s character underwent – from ideal to tragic and how this abrupt transition resulted in the tragicality of Macbeth’s fate, that is, how Macbeth’s fate is causally related to his committed misdeeds.
REPRESSED SOCIAL CONTENT IN A MODERNIST NARRATIVE: THE CASE OF LORD JIM
Authors: Tučev Nataša
Published: June 2022

The paper starts from the assumption that the social content is not absent from the major works of Modernist literature, but merely repressed or displaced through various narrative strategies. While the early critical debate on Modernism – which started with Lukács’ writings in the 1930s – condemned this literary movement as apolitical, and too narrowly focused on the subjective, inward experience of an individual, subsequent contributors to the debate took a more balanced approach. The paper pays special attention to Fredric Jameson’s theory on the existence of repressed social meaning in Modernist works, and his view that by applying Marxist hermeneutics it is possible to discern it and show how it affects the narrative. Joseph Conrad’s novel Lord Jim (1900) is used in this paper to exemplify the features of Modernism discussed by Jameson. Some of the key scenes and motifs in the novel are analysed with a view to establishing their underlying socio-historical dimension and demonstrating how it contributes to the overall understanding of Conrad’s artistic vision.
ТВОРБЕНЕ И СЕМАНТИЧКЕ СПЕЦИФИЧНОСТИ ИМЕНИЦА НА -АЧ И -ER ЗА ОЗНАЧАВАЊЕ ОСОБА У СРПСКОМ И ЕНГЛЕСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
Authors: Шуњеварић Ђорђе
Published: June 2022

The subject of this paper is a contrastive analysis of nouns with the derivational suffix -ač in Serbian and nouns with the derivational suffix -er in English, the meaning of which refers to a person who performs an activity or is engaged in some occupation. The corpus was excerpted from Obratni rečnik srpskoga jezika by Miroslav Nikolić and the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. In the analysis, the excerpted nouns (215 examples from Serbian and 215 from English) are approached from the structural and semantic aspect. The aim of this research is to determine the similarities and differences in the structure of nouns for denoting persons in Serbian and English by considering the word formation, the type of derivational bases and the number of syllables of the base. We start from the hypothesis that the Serbian derivational suffix -ač is equivalent to the English -er and that they come dominantly on verbal derivational bases. The analysis shows that 44% of nouns with the derivational suffix -ač in Serbian have their equivalent ending in -er in English. There are examples that do not have the derivational suffix -er in English and correspond to Serbian nouns ending in -ač, but also vice versa. The differences are reflected in the number of suffixal morphemes for building nouns that denote persons – there are three more suffixes besides -er, while in Serbian there are seven more suffixes besides -ač. The derivational bases in English examples from the corpus are dominantly monosyllabic (58%), and in Serbian longer bases often appear (37% of examples with two syllables and 30% with three syllables). The semantics of excerpted examples in Serbian denote exclusively persons who do what the motive verb means or persons who have an occupation. In English, 48% of examples from the corpus have additional meanings such as a plant (climber), a means of transport (sleeper), an object (walker) or a device (player), etc. Based on the obtained results of the analysis, it follows that the suffixes -ač and -er are not complete equivalents in Serbian and English.
ЗАМЕНИЧКЕ ПРИСВОЈНЕ КОНСТРУКЦИЈЕ У СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ: ПРАГМАТИЧКИ И СОЦИОЛИНГВИСТИЧКИ ФАКТОРИ УПОТРЕБЕ
Authors: Стефановић Неда
Published: June 2022

The object of this paper are two types of pronominal possessive constructions in Serbian language, out of which one is expressed using possessive adjectival pronoun, while the other is expressed using personal pronoun in dative (Moja drugarica je diplomirala / Drugarica mi je diplomirala). The aim of the paper was to determine the contextual influences on the speaker’s preference for one of these two constructions. Our hypothesis was that the thematization of the possessor represents one of the factors, considering the same form of dative logical subject, and that social distance / proximity represents the other factor, considering the same form of the ethical dative. A preliminary quantitative research was conducted, with Likert scale acceptability judgements, as well as a qualitative research, with a focus-group interview. The results of the quantitative questionnaire didn’t confirm the hypothesis, given that the possessive adjectival pronoun had higher rates in all of the conditions, although the rates of dative constructions were notably lower in the conditions without thematization of the possessor. The results of the focus-group interview, on the other hand, showed the speakers’ intuitions of the influence of thematization of the possessor, as well as social closeness of the possessor (when thematized) and the possessed. In addition, the interviewees mentioned the social closeness of the speaker and the listener as one of the factors, which could represent one of the reasons for the lack of the influence of forementioned factors in the quantitative section of the research. Further implications of this research apply to the interconnectedness of the case meanings, which led to the expressiveness of the dative structure, as well as to the influence of information structure on the additional meanings that can be conveyed by choosing dative possessive construction.
AUTHORIAL PRESENCE IN SERBIAN AND ENGLISH COAUTHORED SOCIAL SCIENCE ARTICLES
Authors: Pejčić Aleksandar
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the means by which authors’ presence in co-authored articles is signaled directly in Serbian and international research articles belonging to social sciences and written in English by Serbian and native English speakers respectively. By comparing 15 Serbian and 11 international articles, the study tested the hypothesis that Serbian authors avoid the use of first-person pronouns in order to demonstrate authorial modesty, compared to English-speaking authors, whose direct usage of the first-person plural was expected to occur regularly. Additional research questions asked were about the discourse functions performed by first-person plural pronouns referring to the co-authors of the texts, as well as the use of the inclusive/exclusive we by the two examined groups. The results showed that Anglo-American authors use considerably more first-person pronouns in their research articles, although their placement in separate article sections had a similar pattern in both groups. According to Dontcheva-Navratilova’s (2013) taxonomy, the two dominant discourse functions performed by the authorial we were those of the recounter of the research process and the opinion-holder, although with their order switched between the groups. Finally, neither group used the inclusive we to a great extent, except for the Intro+Lit section of the papers, where its inclusion in the text grew up to 52.5% in the Sr group, but only 23% in the AnAm group. These results suggest that cultural practices in establishing authorial presence between Serbian and Anglo-American writers may be closer than previously thought.
METATEXTUALITY AND NARRATIVE TECHNIQUES IN STEPHEN SONDHEIM’S INTO THE WOODS ON STAGE AND SCREEN
Authors: Trajković Jelena
Published: June 2022

This paper focuses on the transmedial relationship between Stephen Sondheim’s 1987 Broadway musical Into the Woods and its 2014 film adaptation directed by Rob Marshall and produced by Disney Studios. It places emphasis on the various medium-specific narrative devices the two texts employ in order to bring forth the story’s central motif of storytelling. The metatextual motif of storytelling is deconstructed against Stephen Sondheim’s postmodernist ideology as he challenges the closed system within which fairy-tales traditionally figure, drawing attention to the artificiality of the inherited notions of good and evil, and by extension, the fallibility of prescribed narratives. Finally, this paper offers a detailed analysis of narrative layers and narratorial figures in Into the Woods on stage and screen, ultimately concluding that, due to its lack of an omniscient narrative voice to be questioned, the story’s transposition onto the screen fails to reiterate the significance of metatextuality of the central motif that has proven fundamental to Sondheim’s play.
CLASSE À DISTANCE SUR RTRS : UTILISATION DE LA LANGUE MATERNELLE EN CLASSE DE FLE
Authors: Mikić Jovica
Published: June 2022

L’objet de cette recherche est l’alternance des langues en cours de FLE transmis par la chaîne de télévision RTRS entre mars et juin 2020. Notre corpus est composé de trois séances dédiées aux élèves des trois dernières années de l’école élémentaire. Nous avons pris en considération toutes les unités textuelles que l’enseignant a écrites ou prononcées en langue maternelle, en nous proposant d’en faire une classification et des interprétations. L’analyse des données a consisté en trois opérations : décomposer les unités textuelles en éléments fonctionnels ; mettre en rapport les énoncés en L1 avec ceux en L2 ; examiner le changement des langues dans plusieurs unités textuelles. Les résultats montrent que : a) la fonction dominante de la L1 est de fournir des explications grammaticales ; b) le rapport d’équivalence est prépondérant entre les deux langues ; c) le discours oral contient des énoncés où le passage d’une langue à l’autre s’effectue sans rupture énonciative. Plusieurs facteurs ont potentiellement influencé les phénomènes constatés : la thématique des séances, l’absence d’interaction directe avec les élèves, le style d’enseignement personnel. Il serait intéressant et utile d’examiner l’alternance codique dans d’autres cours de langues étrangères diffusés à la télévision, afin d’optimiser ce type d’enseignement.
НАУЧНО ЗНАЊЕ И ПРЕДАВАНО ЗНАЊЕ У НАСТАВИ ФРАНЦУСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ: СУБЈУНКТИВ ИМПЕРФЕКТА У ШКОЛСКИМ ГРАМАТИКАМА (1920-1939)
Authors: Стикић Биљана
Published: June 2022

L’article porte sur la problématique de la disparition de l’imparfait du subjonctif, ainsi que sur la transposition didactique de ce phénomène dans les grammaires pédagogiques du français utilisées dans l’enseignement secondaire yougoslave entre deux guerres mondiales. La première partie de l’article concerne l’état des choses constaté par les linguistes français les plus estimés à l’époque, tels que Brunot, Dauzat, Clédat et Gougenheim, ainsi que l’attitude des autorités éducatives françaises à l’égard de l’emploi de l’imparfait du subjonctif. La seconde partie de cette étude appartient à l’analyse comparative des grammaires pédagogiques yougoslaves qui, à l’époque, étaient pourtant considérées comme manuels secondaires par rapport aux livres de lecture française. La transposition du savoir savant en question a été réalisée dans le cadre de définitions à savoir des phrases introductives explicatives sur la concordance des temps, lorsque le verbe de la principale était au passé. Ces définitions sont toujours suivies d’exemples d’illustration, et parfos reflètent une approche comparative vu la langue maternelle des élèves. Les auteurs yougoslaves introduisaient souvent des remarques complémentaires en tant qu’explications relatives à la langue française parlée et à l’emploi du présent du subjonctif au lieu de l’imparfait, toléré aussi en langue écrite. On peut conclure que la transposition du savoir savant était plus ou moins correcte et suffisante, notamment dans les cas où l’on soulignait des difficultés dans la communication orale entraînées par l’emploi de l’imparfait du subjonctif. Aussi, un tel phénomène linguistique ne pouvait pas être transposé sans une certaine hésitation didactique.
LA REPRÉSENTATION DE LA BOUCHE DANS LES UNITÉS PHRASÉOLOGIQUES FRANÇAISES, AROUMAINES ET MACÉDONIENNES
Authors: Hadži-Lega Hristoska Joana
Published: June 2022

Cet article se donne pour objectif d’étudier la représentation de la bouche en tant qu’organe de la parole en français, en aroumain et en macédonien. L’analyse portera sur un corpus d’unités phraséologiques articulées autour du lexème « bouche ». Ces unités phraséologiques, dont les dénominations sont nombreuses, établissent un lien entre la langue et la culture, voire la société en général, car leur caractère idiomatique et le mécanisme qui l’a créé sont propres à la collectivité qui les utilise et qui les transmet aux générations futures. L’analyse sémantique du corpus recueilli, basée sur la méthode sémiologique proposée par Zvonko Nikodinovski (2011), permettra de constater les significations que chacune des langues étudiées attribue à ce référent détenant la place centrale dans le processus d’articulation de la parole. La confrontation interlinguistique de ces significations (mais également des formes qui les véhiculent) jettera de la lumière sur les représentations collectives visant le référent en question dans les trois langues, ainsi que sur les valeurs qui lui sont attribuées.
ANALYSE DES BESOINS DES ÉTUDIANTS SERBES DE LA LANGUE ET LITTÉRATURE FRANÇAISES PENDANT LA MOBILITÉ UNIVERSITAIRE EN FRANCE
Authors: Filipović Sofija
Published: June 2022

Afin de mieux préparer les étudiants serbes de la Langue et littérature françaises pour une mobilité universitaire en France, nous proposons l’élaboration d’un programme de Français sur Objectif Universitaire (FOU). Cette formation dédiée à ceux souhaitant participer aux mobilités viserait à faciliter l’intégration dans une université française en développant les compétences des étudiants aux niveaux linguistique, méthodologique et socioculturel. Notre principal objectif était l’analyse des besoins dans le cadre du programme de Français sur Objectif Universitaire pour les étudiants serbophones participant aux échanges dans le but d’assurer une meilleure et plus rapide intégration dans le système des études supérieures en France. Une étude observationnelle des cours au centre de recherche Grammatica au sein de l’Université d’Artois a été effectuée, ainsi qu’une collecte des données sous la forme des documents authentiques. Nous avons mené des enquêtes auprès des professeurs de cette université qui ont partagé leurs expériences avec des étudiants serbes. Après avoir observé les situations de communication dans lesquelles se trouvent les étudiants étrangers, nous avons pu tirer des conclusions sur les besoins des étudiants serbes pendant une mobilité universitaire en France. Nous avons jugé que le programme d’études de la Langue et littérature françaises à l’Université de Niš fournit des connaissances nécessaires pour l’intégration dans une université française. Cependant, un cursus de Français sur Objectif Universitaire dédié aux étudiants qui postulent pour participer dans les programmes de mobilités universitaires en France pourrait renforcer leurs c
УЗРОЦИ ПОТЕШКОЋА ПРИ УЧЕЊУ ФРАНЦУСКОГ КАО ДРУГОГ СТРАНОГ ЈЕЗИКА НА СЕКУНДАРНОМ И ТЕРЦИЈЕРНОМ НИВОУ ОБРАЗОВАЊА
Authors: Маенза Неда
Published: June 2022

Learning foreign languages is nowadays highly ranked both, within the global and educational level. The educational system of our country has recognized the importance of foreign languages learning, and in addition to the mother tongue, it promotes knowledge of at least two languages, which enables individuals to use them in accordance with their needs and interests. In this paper, we wanted to emphasize and draw attention to the importance and influence of individual factors like commitment and feelings that arose in the process of learning foreign languages. The aim of this research is to examine the difficulties encountered by Serbophone pupils and students, who at the secondary and tertiary level of education, learn French as a second foreign language, and through pedagogical implications to contribute to educational practice. Through the analysis of the answers to the questionnaire and the interpretation of the results of the research in which 250 respondents from high school and university level participated, we come to know that the challenges in learning French are caused by insufficient work, minimal learning and commitment. The research confirmed that the years of learning French still affect the feelings that are aroused: negative feelings are more present at the initial level of learning, while positive ones are on the side of those who are at an advanced level and learn French longer. An important insight is that a great obstacle and blockade is the impossibility of using the French language on a daily basis.
АЛТЕРНАТИВНЕ МОГУЋНОСТИ ЗА ИЗРАЖАВАЊЕ ИМПЕРАТИВНОСТИ У РУСКОМ И СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
Authors: Џонић Виолета
Published: June 2022

Постоянно меняясь, язык требует с нас разные подходы исследования. В насто- ящей статье исследуются возможности высказывания императивных форм и значений в русском и сербском языках. При этом мы пользовались сравнителным и дескриптивным методами исследования. Исходя из основного значения императива «требование осуществить действие», мы исследовали формы и значения императива на трёх уровнях: на морфологическом, так как императив может выражаться формами инфинитива, прошедшего времени, даже формой будущего времени. Эти формы используются в случаях более категоричного тре- бования совершить действие. Некоторые синтаксические конструкции также являются возможностями для выражения императива и могут иметь как категоричное, так и некате- горичное значение, что представляет собой второй уровень исследования. И наконец, все представленные формы и значения могут употребляться в рамках определённого стиля. Таким образом автор дал обзор подходящих грамматических форм и конструкций для вы- ражения императивного значения в русском и сербском языках.
СЛИКА: ИСТОРИЈСКО–ПОЕТИЧКО И ГЕНОЛОШКО ЧИТАЊЕ
Authors: Милосављевић Милић Снежана
Published: June 2022

Монографија Слика у српском реализму: историјскопоетичка студија аутор- ке др Ане Живковић тринаеста је по реду публикација Библиотеке „Црвена линија” чији је издавач Филолошко–уметнички факултет у Крагујевцу. Настала је прерадом рукописа докторске дисертације под називом „Слика – жанр српске реалистичке прозе“ коју је ауторка одбранила на истом факултету 2018. године. Монографија се састоји из шест тематско–истраживачких целина, обједињених Предговором и За- кључком: 1. Увод: Жанр слике и мимезис, 2. Статус слике у науци о књижевности, 3. Настанак реалистичке слике, 4. Конституисање слике као форме српске реалистич- ке прозе, 5. Слике из сеоског живота: основни модел жанра, 6. Перспективе слике на крају епохе српског реализма. Критички апарат садржи библиографију изворне и секундарне литературе и биобиблиографске податке о ауторки. Већ је оваквом кон- цепцијом поглавља и њиховим распоредом указано на то да су прве две целине пре- васходно посвећене теоријској елаборацији основног истраживачког задатка, док је претежни део монографије оријентисан у правцу историјскопоетичких разматрања жанра слике у српској реалистичкој књижевности.