bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan asupan makan balita di perkotaan dan perdesaan pada provinsi dengan beban gizi ganda
Authors: Lestari Puji , Susetyowati Susetyowati , Sitaresmi Mei Neni
Published: February 2021

Differences in food intake among children under five years in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutritionBackground: The double burden of malnutrition is one of the nutritional problems in children at national and global levels. Food intake is the main cause of the double burden of malnutrition. Differences in residence in urban and rural areas will affect food access which will have an impact on different food intake. Objective: To analyze the differences in energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake of children under-fives in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutrition. Methods: This research used secondary data analysis using the Total Diet Study (TDS) 2014. The subjects of this study were 813 children in provinces with a dual burden of malnutrition that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Provinces with the double burden of malnutrition are provinces with a prevalence of underweight children aged ≥24-59 months at >22.36% and a prevalence of overweight children age ≥24-59 months at >1.23%. Total Diet Study (TDS) data will provide information on food intake of children through recall results, differences in residence obtained from district classification data, the double burden of malnutrition data obtained from children nutritional status is overweight and underweight based on weight and age data of children processed using WHO-ANTRO software. Results: The average intake of energy, protein, and fat in the urban area are higher than in a rural area, but the average carbohydrate intake in an urban area is lower than in a rural area. The average intake of energy in urban was 1300.01 kcal, in rural areas was 1223.23 kcal (p=0.0008). The average intake of protein in urban was 55.03 g, in rural areas was 47.67 g (p<0.0001). The average intake of fat in urban was 47.99 g, in rural areas was 37.12 g (p<0.0001). The average intakes of carbohydrate in urban were 163.61 g, in rural areas was 178.88 g (p=0.0042).Conclusions: There are differences in energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake of children under five years in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutrition.
Kombinasi Alkohol dan Asap Cair Sebagai Alternatif Pengawet Spesimen Cacing Tanah (Pheretima sp.)
Authors: Rahayoe Ani Sri
Published: February 2021

Pengawetan spesimen merupakan upaya untuk mempertahankan keadaan mahluk hidup sehingga dapat dipergunakan untuk kepentingan pendidikan dan penelitian. Pengawetan spesimen sangat terkait dengan pelaksanaan praktikum sistematika hewan. Asap cair grade-2 tempurung kelapa telah diketahui berpotensi sebagai pengawet yang aman. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh kombinasi alkohol dan asap cair sebagai pengawet spesimen cacing tanah (Pheretima sp.) dan kisaran kombinasi yang baik.Penelitian merupakan penelitian eksperimen dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2018. Cacing tanah diberi 11 perlakuan kombinasi alkohol 70% dan asap cair grade-2. Perbandingan alkohol:asap cair dibuat (10:0), (9:1), (8:2), (7:3), (6:4), (5:5), (4:6), (3:7), (2:8), (1:9), dan (0:10) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Cacing diambil di daerah Pringgolayan, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Pengamatan dilakukan 2 minggu sekali, terhadap  keadaan specimen (meliputi: warna, keutuhan, dan kekenyalannya) dan larutan (meliputi: warna dan kejernihannya). Hasil penelitian hingga Minggu IV menunjukkan seluruh perlakuan mampu mengawetkan spesimen, keutuhan, dan kekenyalan tetap terjaga. Semakin tinggi kadar asap cair menyebabkan  warna yang semakin gelap. Hal ini disebabkan oleh Hb darah spesimen mengikat karbon dalam larutan. Kombinasi perlakuan II (alkohol:asap cair=9:1) hingga perlakuan V (kombinasi alkohol:asap cair=6:4) memberikan hasil kenampakan spesimen yang baik. Kombinasi tersebut tampak lebih baik dari pada perlakuan I (alkohol 70% murni) dan perlakuan XI (asap cair grade-2). Hasil awetan spesimen perlakuan I, warna merah tampak memudar, tubuh lebih lunak, dan beberapa bagian menyusut.
High-reliability, High-performance 25 Gb/s Directly Modulated Uncooled Lasers for 5G Wireless Communications
Authors: Huang Jack Jia-Sheng , Huang S.C. , Wu NiYeh , Yu Deo , Wang C.K. , Chen Ansel , Klotzkin David , Jan Yu-Heng , Chen ChunKo , Chen H.S. , Chou Emin
Published: February 2021

Semiconductor laser diodes are important components for fifth-generation wireless technologies. To meet 5G wireless specifications, ever increasing performance and reliability requirements of each component become necessary to guarantee uptime air service. In this paper, we present highly reliable 25G DFB uncooled lasers that exhibit low threshold current, high single-mode, high bandwidth, and excellent eye pattern for uncooled operations of -40 to 85°C. Ultra-high component reliability is demonstrated to ensure stable operations for 5G mobile communications.
ODNOS NAUKE I DEMOKRATIJE: VIĐENjE POLA FAJERABENDA
Authors: Stancic Visnja , Stojadinovic Misa
Published: February 2021

Razvoj nauke i tehnike predstavlja jednu od ključnih karakteristika modernog doba, pa se danas naučni stil mišljenja smatra superiornom formom ljudske duhovnosti. Pored emancipatorskog potencijala, nauka, međutim, sadrži i negativnu dimenziju – u vidu potencijalno pogubnih efekata naučnih rezultata, pa je potrebno preispitati sam smisao, domašaj i položaj nauke u savremenim demokratskim društvima. U tom smislu, autori u ovom radu najpre analiziraju tradicionalno shvatanje nauke, a zatim i pristup koji se u okviru savremene teorije nauke i epistemologije naziva novom slikom nauke. Ovakav pristup predstavljen je kroz Fajerabendovo viđenje nauke i njenog položaja i moći u demokratskom društvu. Fajerabendova pozicija karakteriše se kao epistemološki anarhizam, odnosno teorijski i metodološki pluralizam. Autori nadalje razmatraju etičke i političke implikacije suprotstavljenih teorijskih pozicija monizma i pluralizma. U svetlu pomenutih razmatranja, cilj autora je da ukažu na određene nedostatke i slabosti tradicionalnog shvatanja nauke. U radu su korišćene sledeće metode: interpretativna metoda, kritička i evaluativna metoda, metoda pojmovne i normativne analize.
ORGANIZACIONA KULTURA U VOJSCI SRBIJE
Authors: Milkovski Vangel
Published: February 2021

Organizaciona kultura ima veliki uticaj na efikasnost organizacije i njene vrednosti pokreću ili sprečavaju inovacije. Inovacije u vojnoj delatnosti su ključne za razvoj i održavanje vojne moći a vojna moć presudna za očuvanje nacionalne bezbednosti. Inovacije u vojnoj delatnosti su neophodne jer države postoje u dinamičnom, neizvesnom i konkurentnom strateškom okruženju u kojem stagnacija i nedovoljne vojne sposobnosti mogu rezultirati smanjenjem mogućnosti očuvanja, dostizanja i odbrane nacionalnih interesa. Ovaj rad predstavlja pokušaj pokretanja šire rasprave o značaju istraživanja organizacione kulture i primeni saznanja u funkcionisanju VS radi povećanja njene efikasnosti i delotvornosti. Osnovno pitanje ovoga rada je kakve promene organizacione kulture treba sprovesti kako bi se prekinuli negativni trendovi loše sprovedene reforme VS i povećala efikasnost u razvoju operativnih sposobnosti i upotrebi snaga VS u operacijama. Kako bi odgovorili na osnovno pitanje rada potrebno je razmotriti sledeće tri tvrdnje: u VS ne postoji jasna slika o stanju i vrednostima organizacione kulture. Organizaciona kultura je jedan od mnogih koncepata u oblasti strateških studija koje nisu dovoljno teoretski obrađene i usvojene od strane akademske i profesionalne zajednice u VS; inovativna, dinamična i adaptivna organizaciona kultura je poželjna jer može da podrži razvoj operativnih sposobnosti i upotrebu snaga VS u dinamičnom, neizvesnom i brzo promenljivom strategijskom i operativnom okruženju. Istorija je prepuna primera kada vojne snage nisu logično postupale u sopstvenom interesu, bilo donošenjem loših odluka ili neuspehom u predviđanju i prilagođavanju zahtevima okruženja i strateško liderstvo treba da definiše model promene organizacione kulture u VS kako bi se stvorili potrebni uslovi za razvoj operativnih sposobnosti i efikasnu upotrebu snaga. Sistem vrednosti i verovanja koji konstituiše organizacionu kulturu, može u velikoj meri da olakša, ali i da potpuno blokira proces promena u zavisnosti od orijentacije vrednosti kulture, kao i sposobnosti lidera da tim vrednostima upravljaju. U radu je dat opis organizacione kulture sa težištem na analizi organizacione kultrure u vojnim smagama, a zatim izvršena procena organizacione kulture u VS radi identifikovanja redlog odgovarajućeg modela promena koji može olakšati razvoj potrebne organizacione kulture VS.
ANTISISTEMSKI POKRETI U SRBIJI KAO ILUZIJA POLITIČKIH PARTIJA Analiza za vreme izbornih godina od 2014. do 2018: Dosta je bilo, Pokret slobodnih građana, Beli – samo jako, Ne da(vi)mo Beograd
Authors: Lazic Nikola
Published: February 2021

Novi pokreti usmeravaju svoje postupke prema civilnim vlastima i političarima koji imaju moć da realizuju ciljeve pokreta, ali često postoji sukob između pokreta i vlasti, odnosno između pokreta i utvrđenog društva koje vlasti predstavljaju. Ti pokreti veruju da su establišment politike propale i da više ne mogu da predstavljaju zadovoljavajuća rešenja za teške političke probleme. Tri najvažnija pristupa društvenih teorija prepoznaju sledeće koncepte: koncept mobilizacije resursa i koncept struktura političkih oportuniteta i koncept freminga (framing), odnosno okvira. Relativni uspeh pobune protiv establišmenta zavisi, u krajnjoj liniji, od sposobnosti političkih aktera da ubede potencijalne pristalice da oni zaista stoje nasuprot elita moći, da nisu deo strukture elite moći, da nisu insajderi. Uspeh pokreta zavisi od širokog prihvatanja poruke, a prihvatanje poruke će zavisiti od toga koliko se ona uklapa u percepciju stvarnosti ili koliko se dobro percepcijom može izmanipulisati. Međutim u Srbiji se samo na početku činilo da će ovi novi pokreti biti vesnici novih političkih trendova i novog svetla u postojeći sistem. Oni su zapravo profitirali samo od slabljenja određenih opozicionih partija ili sindikata, ali kratkog daha. Nisu uspeli i nisu mogli da ustroje stalnu organizaciju i strukturu, jedinstveno članstvo i program.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОЛНОСТЬЮ ОБЕДНЕННЫХ КНИ КМОП-ТРАНЗИСТОРОВ С ПРОЕКТНОЙ НОРМОЙ 32 НМ И МЕНЕЕ
Authors: Лагаев Д.А. , Ключников А.С. , Шелепин Н.А.
Published: February 2021

В работе представлены основные направления развития технологии изготовления ИС с проектными нормами менее З2 нм. Рассмотрены основные преимущества технологии полностью обедненного кремния на изоляторе и перспективы развития технологии.
РАЗРАБОТКА РАДИАЦИОННО СТОЙКОЙ ЭНЕРГОНЕЗАВИСИМОЙ ЯЧЕЙКИ ПАМЯТИ SONOS НА БАЗЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ 180 НМ
Authors: Червонный Д.В. , Арилин Р.А. , Матвеев Н.Н. , Скоморохов Д.В. , Петров А.Г.
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты разработки энергонезависимой ячейки памяти SONOS на базе технологии 180 нм и результаты испытаний ячеек SONOS и EEPROM на радиационную стойкость. Результаты исследования позволили подобрать оптимальные режимы записи и стирания ячейки.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТОКОВ ЗАРЯДА И УТЕЧКИ ПРИ ОТБРАКОВКЕ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНО НЕНАДЕЖНЫХ КОНДЕНСАТОРОВ
Authors: Алыков А.Н. , Булаев И.Ю.
Published: February 2021

Танталовые конденсаторы, благодаря стабильности характеристик, широко применяются при комплектовании бортовой аппаратуры, что накладывает дополнительные требования к их надежности. В данной статье рассматриваются методы отбраковки потенциально ненадежных конденсаторов на основе результатов исследований формы импульса тока заряда.
O impacto da pandemia COVID-19 sobre a fragilidade física e a capacidade funcional de idosos
Authors: Araujo Bruno , Bof Chiamulera Greisi , Maria Firmiano Barros Saretto Chrystianne
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A pandemia COVID-19 exige mecanismos e cuidados redobrados à saúde. A preconização do distanciamento social para evitar a disseminação do vírus pode acarretar consequências no processo de envelhecimento. Objetivo: Avaliar as capacidades físico-funcionais entre idosos frágeis e não-frágeis durante o período de pandemia. Metodologia: Pesquisa observacional e longitudinal, descritiva e analítica, aprovada pelo CEP da Unoesc, campus Joaçaba. Amostra composta por idosos envolvidos em um projeto de extensão da Clínica Escola de Pesquisa e Atendimento em Fisioterapia. O procedimento de coleta de dados ocorreu por meio do contato telefônico em dois momentos, com intervalo de 3 (três) meses, utilizando uma anamnese estruturada para esse fim e parte do fenótipo de fragilidade, composto pelos instrumentos CES-D, Minesotta e avaliação de perda de peso não intencional. Resultados: 25 idosos contemplaram os critérios de inclusão, a idade média foi de 68,6 (+/- 5,5) anos, 72% sexo feminino, 56% sobrepeso e 80% se declararam sedentários. A queda nos níveis de atividade física ocorreu significativamente nos idosos classificados inicialmente como não frágeis, de modo que a pandemia contribuiu para o decréscimo das condições nesse grupo. No período pré-pandêmico, idosos não frágeis tiveram maior nível de gasto calórico semanal que idosos frágeis, enquanto que no período pandêmico os gastos calóricos semanais entre os grupos se aproximaram. Conclusão: O período de isolamento social contribui para o decréscimo do gasto calórico diário e o sedentarismo, condições associadas na implementação e classificação de fragilidade na população estudada.
Hazard indicators of urban soil contamination with polycyclic hydrocarbons on the example of monitoring results of the RUDN campus
Authors: Redina Margarita M. , Khaustov Alexander P. , Li Xiangkai , Kenzhin Zhandos D. , Silaeva Polina Yu.
Published: February 2021

The characteristics of the hazard of urban soils pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered: naphthalene (Naph), anthracene (An), phenanthrene (Phen), pyrene (Py), fluoranthene (Flu), chrysene (Chr), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), dibenzo[ah]antracene (DBa), benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene). On the example of monitoring data on the RUDN University campus and the adjacent South-West Forest Park, modern approaches to assessing the hazard of pollution levels and the environmental risk of soil pollution are demonstrated: RQ indicators, total relative toxicity in comparison to BaP, carcinogenic risk, behavior of the representative PAHs. On the basis of a critical analysis of the pollution indicators, the optimal approaches to assessing the danger of the presence of polyarenes in the soils of urban areas are demonstrated. The leading sources of pollution (influence of vehicles) were identified. Different levels of environmental hazard of polyarene soil contamination in different functional zones of the analyzed territory are demonstrated: relatively clear territory in the middle zone of the park and a specific configuration of the pollution field on the rest of the territory. The necessity of developing ecosystem standards for urban natural complexes is justified, taking into account the individual characteristics of soils, the role of soil microbiota, the specificity of the use of the territory and the characteristics of pollution sources.
O processo de desenvolvimento docente no ensino superior da área de saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Furtado Carolina Tizzot de Munhoz , Zagonel Ivete Palmira Sanson
Published: February 2021

The study aimed to highlight the scientific productions about the Faculty Development process in higher education in the health area, from 2009 to 2019. This is an integrative review, performed in the databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE); Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo), with the descriptors teaching development, education, and medical school. Based on the inclusion criteria, twelve articles (in English and Portuguese) were selected for discussion and results. Three categories emerged: teaching perception; the role of the Higher Education Institution; and training, continuing education and faculty development. It was concluded that, despite a significant increase in Faculty Development programs, much still needs to be done, especially in terms of management, planning, and faculty involvement.
Population genetic structure and evolutionary history of Psammochloa villosa (Trin.) Bor (Poaceae) revealed by AFLP marker
Authors: Su Xu , Lv Ting
Published: February 2021

We sought to generate a preliminary demographic framework for
Psammochloa villosa to support of future studies of this ecologically
important desert grass species, its conservation, and sustainable
utilization. Psammochloa villosa occurs in the Inner Mongolian Plateau
where it is frequently the dominant species and is involved in sand
stabilization and wind breaking. Here, we characterized the genetic
diversity and structure of 210 individuals from 43 natural populations
of P. villosa using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
markers. We obtained 1728 well-defined amplified bands from eight pairs
of primers, of which 1654 bands (95.72%) were polymorphic.All these
values indicate that there is abundant genetic diversity, but limited
gene flow in P. villosa. However, an analysis of molecular variance
(AMOVA) showed that genetic variation mainly exists within 43
populations of the species (64.16%), and we found that the most
genetically similar populations were often not geographically adjacent.
Thus, this suggests that the mechanisms of gene flow are surprisingly
complex in the species and may occur over long distances. In addition,
we predicted the distribution dynamics of P. villosa based on the
spatial distribution modeling and found that its range has contracted
continuously since the last inter-glacial period. We speculate that dry,
cold climates have been critical in determining the geographic
distribution of P. villosa during the Quaternary period. Our study
provides new insights into the population genetics and evolutionary
history of P. villosa in the Inner Mongolian Plateau, which can be used
to design in-situ conservation actions and to prioritize sustainable
utilization of germplasm resources.
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Milk Produced by Women with COVID-19 and Follow-Up of Their Infants: A Preliminary Study
Authors: KILIC TALAT , Kilic Sebnem , Berber Nurcan Kirici , Gunduz Ayten , Ersoy Yasemin
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted from person to
person via airborne droplets. It is unclear whether it can be shed into
human milk and transmitted to a child via breastfeeding.We investigated
the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human milk samples of 15 mothers with
coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19) and in the throat swab samples of their
infants. Methods: This is a prospective observational study in which
breast milk samples were collected from 15 mothers with COVID-19. The
presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the whole human milk samples of the
patients was investigated using RT-qPCR. All of the infants underwent a
clinical follow-up during their 14-day isolation and their throat swab
samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Results: Of 15 mothers with
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in milk samples from 4 mothers.
The throat swab samples from these mothers’ infants were found to be
positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Three of the four mothers were
breastfeeding. In addition, during the 14-day isolation, all but three
of the mothers breastfed their infants. Of the 12 breastfed infants,
while the test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swab samples was negative in
six of the infants, the other six infants, who had mild COVID-19
symptoms, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.Clinical outcomes of all
mothers and infants were uneventful. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this
is the first case series with the largest number of cases with
SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity in human milk samples of mothers with
COVID-19. However, we believe that the benefits of breastfeeding may
outweigh the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants
Adoption of Multiple Sustainable Land Management Practices among Irrigator Rural Farm Households of Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Rahel Deribe , Mirzabaev Alisher , Mekonnen Dawit
Published: February 2021

Using a household and plot-level survey conducted in 2016/17 in ten
districts of Ethiopia, this study explores whether there is a difference
in farmers’ adoption of sustainable land management (SLM) practices
between their rainfed and irrigated plots. The paper also investigates
the varying influence of different types of irrigation water management
systems and associated irrigation technologies on the adoption of SLM
practices in irrigated plots. Our findings show only a small difference
in the average number of SLM practices between rainfed and irrigated
plots, even though significant differences are observed between many of
the practices applied individually among these plots. The econometric
estimation shows that the role of the combined effect of irrigation
water management system and irrigation technology on adoption of SLM
practices is quite varied and very significant. The evidence highlights
that farmers adopt more SLM practices in their plots with pump
irrigation compared to those plots where gravity irrigation is applied.
This finding implies that pump irrigation systems enhance
complementarities with SLM practices. Furthermore, the results indicate
that the type of irrigation water management and the technology applied
could play an important role in restoring degraded lands and maintaining
soil fertility, even when farmers’ adoption of irrigation were not
explicitly triggered by concerns for soil health.
Efficacy and safety of treatment with biologicals for severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A systematic review for the EAACI Guidelines
Authors: Agache Ioana , Song Yang , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Vogel Yasmin , Rocha Claudio , Sola Ivan , Santero Marilina , Akdis Cezmi , Akdis Mubeccel , Canonica Giorgio Walter , Chivato T. , Giacco Stefano R. Del , Eiwegger Thomas , Fokkens Wytske , Georgalas Christos , Gevaert Philippe , Hopkins Clair , Klimek Ludger , Lund Valerie , Naclerio Robert , O'Mahony Liam , Palkonen Susanna , Pfaar Oliver , Schwarze Jürgen , Soyka Michael , Wang De Yun , Zhang L. , Canelo-Aybar Carlos , Palomares Oscar , Jutel Marek
Published: February 2021

This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of biologicals
for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared to the
standard of care. Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for
RCTs. Critical and important CRSwNP-related outcomes were considered.
The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using
GRADE. RCTs evaluated (dupilumab-2, omalizumab-4, mepolizumab-2,
reslizumab-1) included 1236 adults, with follow-up 20-64 weeks.
Dupilumab reduces the need for surgery (NFS) and oral corticosteroid
(OCS) use (RR 0.28; 95%CI 0.20-0.39, moderate certainty) and improves
with high certainty smell (mean difference (MD) +10.54; 95%CI +9.24 to
+11.84) and quality of life (QoL) (MD -19.14; 95%CI -22.80 to -15.47),
with fewer treatment-related adverse events (TAEs) (RR 0.95; 95%CI
0.89-1.02, moderate certainty). Omalizumab reduces NFS (RR 0.85; 95%CI
0.78 to 0.92, high certainty), decreases OCS use (RR 0.38; 95%CI
0.10-1.38, moderate certainty), improves with high certainty smell (MD
+3.84; 95%CI +3.64 to +4.04) and QoL (MD -15.65; 95%CI -16.16 to
-15.13), with increased TAE (RR 1.73; 95%CI 0.60-5.03, moderate
certainty). There is low certainty for mepolizumab reducing NFS (RR
0.78; 95%CI 0.64 to 0.94) and improving QoL (MD -13.3; 95% CI -23.93
to -2.67) and smell (MD +0.7; 95%CI -0.48 to +1.88), with increased
TAEs (RR 1.64; 95%CI 0.41-6.50). The evidence for reslizumab is very
uncertain.
The Effects of Prefilled Tax Returns on Taxpayer Compliance
Authors: Doxey Marcus M. , Lawson James G , Stinson Shane R.
Published: February 2021

This study uses two online experiments to examine the potential consequences of a recent U.S. Senate proposal to prefill federal income tax returns on behalf of individuals. Consistent with omission theory, we find that prefilled returns lower compliance compared to self-completed returns when the prefilled returns do not estimate undocumented income (e.g., cash tips). However, the results show that including estimates of undocumented income increases taxpayer compliance relative to self-completed returns. We also find evidence suggesting that prefilled returns eliminate the often-replicated differences in reporting behavior between taxpayers in refund versus tax due settlement positions, suggesting that prefilled returns change individuals' reference points. These findings suggest the implementation of a prefilled return policy could have economically important effects on taxpayer decisions.
Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism and Cell Growth by the ATF/CREB Family of Transcription Factors
Authors: Cui Aoyuan , Ding Dong , Li Yu
Published: February 2021

The liver is a major metabolic organ that regulates the whole-body metabolic homeostasis and controls hepatocyte proliferation and growth. The ATF/CREB family of transcription factors integrates nutritional and growth signals to the regulation of metabolism and cell growth in the liver, and deregulated ATF/CREB family signaling is implicated in the progression of type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. This article focuses on the roles of the ATF/CREB family in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and cell growth and its importance in liver physiology. We also highlight how the disrupted ATF/CREB network contributes to human diseases and discuss the perspectives of therapeutically targeting ATF/CREB members in the clinic.
Clinical Translation of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials in Type 2 Diabetes: Is There More or Is There Less Than Meets the Eye?
Authors: Ferrannini Ele , Rosenstock Julio
Published: February 2021

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have become the gold standard of clinical evidence and the staple of guided clinical practice. RCTs are based on a complex set of principles and procedures heavily strung by statistical analysis, primarily designed to answer a specific question in a clinical experiment. Readers of clinical trials need to apply critical appraisal skills before blindly accepting the results and conclusions of trials, lest they misinterpret and misapply the findings. We introduce the fundamentals of an RCT and discuss the relationship between relative risk (RR) and absolute risk (AR) in terms of the different information each conveys. The top results of some recent cardiovascular outcome trials using sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes are used to exemplify the merit of assessing both RR and AR changes for a balanced translation of findings into shrewd clinical judgment. We also suggest practical points to assist with a clinically useful interpretation of both within-trial and across-trial reports. Finally, we mention an alternative approach, namely, the restricted mean survival time, to obtaining unbiased estimates of the mean time of missed events in the treatment versus placebo arm for the duration of the trial.
Dasar Hukum Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah Dan Bangunan (BPHTB) Di Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Pendapatan Daerah (BPKPD) Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Febrinayanti Dantes Komang , Ayu Apsari Hadi I Gusti
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the legal basis for the acquisition of land and building rights fees in Buleleng Regency. This research is a type of legal research with empirical juridical studies because this research deals with data. This research took place in Singaraja City, especially in the Regional Government Financial Management Agency (BPKPD) Buleleng Regency. Data were collected using observation and interview methods. The data analysis was conducted in a descriptive qualitative manner. Based on the results of the analysis, the legal basis for the Acquisition Fee for Land and Building Rights is relevant to the Regulation of the Minister of Finance, the collection of Fees for Acquisition of Land and Building Rights (BPHTB) is entirely carried out by the regions, this is due to policies on objects, subjects, rates, and tax bases fully stipulated by the Regional Government and adapted to the conditions and objectives of regional development. This policy is adjusted to the Regional Regulation of Buleleng Regency Number 1 of 2011 concerning Law Number 28 of 2009 concerning Regional Taxes and Regional Retributions for the regulation of the imposition of local taxes on Fees for Acquiring Rights on Land and Buildings (BPHTB).
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TGT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR, PARTISIPASI, DAN SIKAP SISWA
Authors: Sudimahayasa Nyoman
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The Implementation of TGT Learning Model to Improve Achievement, Participation, and Attitude of Tenth Grade Students. This research aimed at improving students achievement, participation, and attitude on a training course Technical Drawing Interpretation as the results of the implementation instructional type of Team Game Tournament.The researchwas a class-room action research conducted in two cycles with the subjects of Class X TSM 1 of students at SMKN 3 Singaraja in the academic year 2013/2014.The data sources were formative tests conducted at the end of every cycle, classroom observation, and questionnaire for the students. Data were ana-lyzed descriptively to know the improvement of students’ achievement in the training course, to ex-plain the active participation of students during the teaching and learning process, and also to explain the students’ attitude towards the implementation of TGT in the course. The findings of the research revealed that there was an improvement in students’ achievement, from the average score of 52.19 in the pre-cycle, 69.84 at the end of Cycle 1, and 76.41 in Cycle 2. The research also found that stu-dents became very actively participated in the class and also had very positive views towards the im-plementation of TGT in the classroom. Keywords: achievement, attitude, participation, Team Games Tournament (TGT) Abstrak: Penerapan Model Pembelajaran TGT untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar, Partisipasi dan Sikap Siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata diklat Menginterpretasikan Gambar Teknik dan sekaligus mengetahui keaktifan siswa sebagai akibat penerapan pembelajaran tipe Teams-Games Tournament (TGT) pada proses pembelajaran mata diklat tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X TSM1 SMKN 3 Singaraja pada tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Sumber data diambil dari tes di akhir setiap siklus, observasi kelas dan angket pendapat siswa tentang implementasi TGT. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menjelaskan peningkatan hasil belajar serta keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran serta tanggapan siswa terhadap pembelajaran yang menerapkan tipe TGT. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari sebelum dan setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran TGT pada mata diklat Menginterpretasikan Gambar Teknik, dimana nilai rata-rata siswa yang sebelumnya 52,19 pada pra siklus meningkat menjadi 69,84 pada akhir Siklus 1 dan menjadi 76,41 pada akhir Siklus 2. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan partisipasi aktif dan tanggapan positif siswa dalam implementasi TGT di kelas TSM1. Kata-kata kunci: hasil belajar, partisipasi, sikap, Team Games Tournament (TGT)
Efektivitas Penggunaan Bahan Ajar Kalkulus Berbasis ICT Terintegrasi Masalah Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas, Motivasi, dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Murni Dewi , Helma Helma , Mirna Mirna
Published: February 2021

This research is part of the development research on Calculus teaching materials. The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of using Technology Information Comunication-based calculus teaching materials integrated contextual issues, especially to find out the activities and motivation of student learning while using the calculus teaching materials. Instruments for collecting data in research observation sheets and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis. The results of the study are teaching materials Calculus can activate students in lectures and increase students' skills in utilizing information technology progress and can increase learning motivation, student perseverance and enthusiasm in Calculus lectures.
Peran Kecerdasan Emosi Terhadap Komitmen Profesi Petugas Keamanan Kampus
Authors: Guspa Anindra
Published: February 2021

This research is based on the assumption that the campus security officer is a profession that is often overlooked. Even though they have arduous tasks, sometimes they show unsatisfactory commitment toward their profession. The objective of this study is to analyze whether professional commitment can be predicted by emotional intelligence. Subjects of this research are 100 security officers who work at one of the state university in Yogyakarta. Instruments used in this research are professional commitment scale and emotional intelligence. Regression analysis is used for analyzing the data. This research found that emotional intelligence have positive correlation in predicting professional commitment with significance level of 0.003 (p<0.005).
Pengaruh Pengungkapan CSR Terhadap Kualitas Audit
Authors: Surachman Ade Elza
Published: February 2021

This research aims to test and empirically prove the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure on the audit quality. Audit quality measurement in this research uses natural logarithm to audit fees while CSR reporting is measured using a content analysis approach. The population of this research is the sub-sector transportation of companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010 until 2017. The annual report contains disclosure of corporate social responsibility activities of 4 companies that using a purposive sampling technique. Methods of data analysis using descriptive statistical analysis and simple linear regression. These results indicate that corporate social responsibility disclosures have a significant effect simultaneously and partially on the audit quality
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Locus Of Control Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Universitas Samudra
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , Mahyuny Siska Rita
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi Locus of control mahasiswa FKIP Matematika Universitas Samudra. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di FKIP Pendidikan matematika. Metode penelitian yang gunakan adalah survey penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pertanyaan terstruktur yang sama pada setiap orang dimana semua jawaban yang diperoleh peneliti dicatat, diolah dengan SPSS 21, dan dianalisis. Jika Seseorang merasakan adanya hubungan yang erat dikatakan Locus of control internal, sementara locus of control eksternal akan beranggapan bahwa akibat yang diterima berasal dari kesempatan, keberuntungan, nasib, atau campur tangan orang lain, juga mempengaruhi motivasi kuliah, reaksi emosional, dan perilaku  seseorang dalam berhubungan dengan  lingkungannya. Dalam penelitian ini faktor ekternal, variabel yang membentuk faktor ini adalah variabel X13 (mempercayai nasib baik), X11 (faktor teman) X2 (usia dan jenis kelamin) dan X9 (faktor social). Faktor Internal variabel yang membentuk faktor ini adalah X3 (suka bekerja keras), X1 (keluarga) dan X4 (inisiatif tinggi). Sehingga Faktor yang mempengaruhi Locus of control pada mahasiswa pendidikan matematika FKIP Unsam yaitu: faktor internal dan eksternal.
Analisis Penggunaan Aplikasi KAHOOT dalam Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Lisnani* Lisnani , Emmanuel Gunadi
Published: February 2021

KAHOOT application is a web-based application that is used in learning as an application to test the ability of a group of people. This type of research is a type of qualitative and quantitative research. The purpose of this study is twofold: First, to get an overview of the process and results of student quizzes in High Class Science Learning courses through the use of the KAHOOT application for students of the Second Semester PGSD Study Program Musi Charitas Catholic University. Second, knowing the responses of PGSD Study Program Students in Second Semester Musi Charitas Catholic University who took part in the learning process using the KAHOOT application in the High Class Science Learning course. The sample in this study was the second semester students of the PGSD study program Palembang Musi Charitas Catholic University totaling 26 people. Data collection techniques using tests and questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitative-quantitative. There are 2 results obtained in this study, namely: First, the learning process becomes more exciting, interesting, and challenging because it is accompanied by music and time to work on the questions so that students are trained in speed and accuracy in answering questions. The average value of student quizzes using the KAHOOT application is 66.69. Second, students gave a positive response to the use of the KAHOOT application as seen from the results of the questionnaire in which some students expected the completion of the quiz to be carried out using the KAHOOT application in the future
Problem Based Learning Terintegrasi STEM Di Era Pandemi Covid-19 Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Putri Clarissa Desyana , Pursitasari* Indarini Dwi , Rubini Bibin
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the learning system in schools. The learning that initially took place in class spontaneously turned into online learning. This change requires teachers to be more creative in designing learning. This study aims to improve students’ critical thinking skills through online problem-based learning integrated into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (PBL-STEM). The research was conducted on students of class X IPA (Natural Science) in a high school in Cianjur with a Non-Equivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group design. The research data were collected using a test of critical thinking skills in six valid essay questions with a reliability coefficient of 0.913. Besides, students’ responses to the application of PBL-STEM learning were collected through a questionnaire. The collected data were processed descriptively and inferentially. The results showed that the online application of PBL-STEM went well, and there was an increase in critical thinking skills with an N-gain of 72%. The highest gain is on the indicator of explanation, and the lowest is evaluation. The results of the significance test showed that the increase in students’ critical thinking skills through PBL-STEM learning was more significant than PBL learning. Students also responded well to the implementation of PBL-STEM in learning during the COVID-19 pandemic by 81%.
PENGARUH PERCEIVED EASE OF USE, PERCEIVED USEFULNESS DAN TRUST TERHADAP REPURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Saraswati I Gusti Agung Ayu Permata , Rahyuda I Ketut
Published: February 2021

Repurchase intention is the behavior of consumers to repurchase products or services from the same company based on their previous purchase experience. The factors that influence the occurrence of repurchase intention include perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and trust. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of these factors on Shopee users in Denpasar City. The study used a sample size of 140 Shopee user respondents in the city of Denpasar, with a non-probability sampling method, particularly purposive sampling. Collecting questionnaire data using Google Forms to respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention (2) perceived usefulness  has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention (3). trust has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention. Based on this, it can be concluded that perceived ease.of use, perceived.usefulness , and good trust greatly affect the repurchase.intention behavior of Shopee users in Denpasar City. Shopee management should pay attention to perceived ease.of use, perceived.usefulness, and trust in order to maintain repurchase.intention behavior.
Risks of the interaction between enterprises of the oil industry and parties in the external environment
Authors: BUN'KOVSKII Dmitrii V.
Published: February 2021

Subject. The article discusses on various aspects of the economic security of business operations in the Russian oil sector as is now.
Objectives. I review risks of the interaction between enterprises of the Russian oil industry and parties in the external environment. I also describe the outcome of study into some aspects of such interaction in terms of business risks and economic security.
Methods. The study uses methods of the systems analysis to examine the current situation and distinctions in the economic security and informal business activities in the oil sector, and respective business risks. Furthermore, I applied such methods as observation, comparison, generalization and hypothesizing deduction.
Results. Considering specific business risks, I described how the business partner’s activity should be analyzed in order to ensure the economic security of an enterprise in the oil sector, and counter the corruption in the industrial entrepreneurship. The article enlists signs to consider in assessing the legal status, creditworthiness and fairness of a would-be business partner.
Conclusions and Relevance. When many Russian enterprises undergo the pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis phases of their lifecycle, there should be efficient approaches to managing and ensuring the economic security. The consistent, comprehensive use of the cause-and-effect relationships, which are described herein, should help lower business risks and increase the economic security of enterprises in the oil sector.
Accounting management of State support for small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture and AIC of the Russian Federation: A situational analysis and assessment of efficiency
Authors: KANCHUKOEV Valerii O.
Published: February 2021

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the activities of specific economic entities in the agricultural economy of the regions of Russia and the reform of grant support for agriculture.
Objectives. The article aims to show that the urgent task of self-sufficiency of Russia's regions with food products requires careful consideration of ways to support agricultural producers by the government.
Methods. For the study, I used a content analysis, considering the Rosstat and ministries' data and All-Russia Agricultural Census 2006 data.
Results. Based on an analysis of the practice, current problems and prospects of State support for small and medium-sized businesses, the article outlines ways to solve the identified problems.
Conclusions. Innovative technologies and the potential of implementing accounting management in the agro-industrial complex will contribute to Russia's food security.
Aktywność samorządów terytorialnych w tworzeniu gospodarki opartej na wiedzy w województwie małopolskim
Authors: Borowiec-Gabryś Monika , Dorocki Sławomir , Zdon-Korzeniowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

Wiedza jest zasobem, który obecnie nabiera coraz większego znaczenia w rozwoju gospodarki. Rośnie rola kapitału ludzkiego i innowacji. Natomiast stopniowo ogranicza się znaczenie surowców naturalnych oraz nisko wykwalifikowanej siły roboczej. Coraz częściej mówi się o gospodarce opartej na wiedzy (GOW, z ang. the knowledge-based economy), tj. gospodarce bazującej na wiedzy i informacji. Niebagatelną rolę w procesie wspomagania jej rozwoju odgrywają samorządy terytorialne, które jednocześnie stają przed koniecznością zmierzenia się z jej wyzwaniami w aspekcie narastającej konkurencji między obszarami. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza i ocena aktywności samorządów lokalnych w tworzeniu gospodarki opartej na wiedzy. Przyjęto, że współcześnie ważnym instrumentem kształtowania procesów rozwojowych w naszym kraju są fundusze europejskie, które mogą się przyczynić do pobudzania czynników wzrostu gospodarczego i rozwoju GOW. W prowadzonych na potrzeby niniejszej pracy badaniach dokonano zatem kwerendy i analizy danych dotyczących projektów zrealizowanych w gminach województwa małopolskiego przy wsparciu unijnych środków pomocowych.
Uwarunkowania działalności przedsiębiorców i rolników na placach targowych na przykładzie Nowej Huty
Authors: Płaziak Monika , Szymańska Anna Irena
Published: February 2021

Początki Nowej Huty sięgają 1949 r. Powstała ona jako odrębne miasto, a od 1951 r. jest jedną z dzielnic Krakowa. Place targowe, funkcjonujące w jej obrębie, pełniły istotną funkcję w życiututejszej społeczności: były nie tylko miejscem zakupów, lecz także kontaktów sąsiedzkich. Szczególnie ważną rolę odgrywały w czasach gospodarki centralnie sterowanej, ponieważ umożliwiały zakup towarów niedostępnych w miejscowych sklepach. Znaczenie ich nie zmniejszyło się również po 1989 r., kiedy w okresie transformacji ustrojowej i społeczno-gospodarczej – która przyczyniła się do przekształceń funkcji handlowo-usługowych – place targowe zmieniły się wraz z pojawiającymi się nowymi przedsiębiorcami i oferowanym przez nich nowym rodzajem asortymentu, dostosowanym do oczekiwań konsumentów nowej, postkomunistycznej rzeczywistości. Stan placów targowych jest różny, w zależności od miejsca lokalizacji. Wydaje się jednak, iż nawet sąsiedztwo pobliskich sklepów wielkopowierzchniowych im nie zaszkodziło, a nawet można zauważyć swoisty rodzaj koegzystencji tych dwóch form handlu. Badaniami objęto trzy place targowe: Mogilski Plac Targowy, Bieńczycki Plac Targowy i CentrumHandlowe „Tomex”, znajdujące się w obrębie 25 najstarszych osiedli Nowej Huty – na terenie zamieszkałym przez nieco ponad 50 tys. osób – lub w ich najbliższym sąsiedztwie. Celem badań była diagnoza oferowanego asortymentu, struktury handlujących i ich stosunku do miejsca działalności gospodarczej oraz ogólnych warunków funkcjonowania drobnej przedsiębiorczości na targowiskach.Z astosowano metodę kwestionariusza wywiadu, której użyto w bezpośrednich wywiadach z przedsiębiorcami prowadzącymi działalność handlową na wyżej wymienionych placach. Zakres czasowy badań objął maj i czerwiec 2014 r. W wyniku badań zauważono specjalizację asortymentową powyższych placów, związaną z następującymi czynnikami: 1. położeniem w przestrzeni miejskiej (czynnik centralności/peryferyjności i dostępności komunikacyjnej), 2. rozmiarami przestrzennymi (czynnik rozwoju i różnicowania asortymentu), 3. okresem działalności (czynnik/kontekst społeczno-ekonomiczny momentu rozpoczęcia funkcjonowania placu oraz ugruntowania dominującej struktury asortymentu i jej trwałości w świadomości mieszkańców). Place targowe, które poddano analizie, wyróżniają się dominującym udziałem przedsiębiorców prowadzących działalność o charakterze rodzinnym w stosunku do działalności indywidualnej lub z partnerami niespokrewnionymi. W opinii respondentów oraz w ogólnym odczuciu zauważalne jest ciągłe pogarszanie się koniunktury, głównie ze względu na konkurencję sklepów wielkopowierzchniowych oraz większe wymagania klientów, wynikające z ich rosnącej świadomości konsumenckiej. Wiąże się to z nieustającym procesem zabiegania o nowych klientów i docenianiu faktu posiadania stałej klienteli.