bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment outcomes for grades I-II chronic hemorrhoids using the bipolar vaporization method
Authors: Bilianskyi L. S. , Voloshyn I. V. , Markulan L. Y.
Published: February 2025

Minimally invasive methods for the treatment of chronic hemorrhoids are a crucial component of modern proctology. However, they do not always provide optimal outcomes due to recurrences, complications, and the need for repeat procedures. Some methods have limited accessibility due to high requirements for physician expertise and expensive equipment, highlighting the need for improved approaches.
Objective — to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bipolar vaporization for treating grades I—II chronic hemorrhoids.
Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients (19 men and 13 women) aged from 19 to 70 years with chronic hemorrhoids of grades I—II that were resistant to conservative treatment. The duration of chronic hemorrhoids ranged from 1 to 20 years, with an average of 6.8±4.5 years. The bipolar vaporization procedure was performed using the Ukrainian‑made bio‑welding generator EK‑300M «Sarmed.» The primary endpoints included assessment of hemorrhoid symptoms, complications, patient satisfaction with treatment outcomes, and recurrence rates.
Results. Persistent bleeding and/or node thrombosis were the primary indications for surgery in 100% of patients, affecting 14 patients (43.8%). Intraoperative blood loss did not exceed 20 ml, with an average of 8.3±3.7 ml. The mean duration of the procedure was 44.3±7.1 minutes. The average number of ketorolac doses on the first postoperative day was 1.4±0.9 doses (ranging from 1 to 4 doses), and on the second day, 1.8±0.8 doses (ranging from 1 to 3 doses). The mean hospital stay was 2.3±0.5 days (2 to 3 days), and the average period of incapacity for work was 5.8±0.7 days (5 to 7 days). On the 7th postoperative day, 65.6% of patients reported pain, but its intensity was low (1.62±0.7 points, p=0.003). At 6 weeks and 1 year postoperatively, none of the patients reported pain. After one year, 96.9% of patients were free of prolapse, itching, or soiling, and bleeding was absent in all cases. Patient satisfaction after one year averaged 8.31±0.74 points. Recurrence occurred in 3.1% of patients.
Conclusions. Bipolar vaporization is an effective and safe method for treating chronic hemorrhoids of grades I—II, providing significant symptom relief, minimal blood loss, and a short recovery period. The method demonstrates a high level of patient satisfaction and a low recurrence rate. The study results confirm the high efficacy and safety of this method, making it a promising approach for the treatment of chronic hemorrhoids.
Postoperative quality of life in patients with chronic slow-transit constipation according to the PAC-QOL scale
Authors: Leshchyshyn I. M. , Markulan L. Y. , Okhotska O. I. , Byk P. L.
Published: February 2025

Chronic constipation is a common heterogeneous condition affecting all population groups, with its prevalence increasing with age. The prevalence of chronic constipation varies from 3% to 27% in the general population. Worldwide, the average prevalence of constipation is 16%, with a prevalence of 33.5% in adults aged 60—110 years. Information about the quality of life in patients with chronic slow transit constipation (CSTC) in Ukraine is very limited.
Objective — to assess the quality of life in patients with chronic slow transit constipation using the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAC‑QOL) scale after surgical treatment.
Materials and methods. 107 patients with CSTC were examined and treated at the surgical department of the Saint Michael Clinical Hospital in the period 2011—2023.
Results. Significant improvements in all PAC‑QOL scale indicators were observed one year after surgery. The physical component score decreased from 2.78±0.52 to 1.01±0.32; p <0.01; the psychological component score decreased from 1.90±0.48 to 0.83±0.41; p <0.01; the anxiety component score decreased from 1.99±0.31 to 0.72±0.34; p <0.01; and the satisfaction component score decreased from 2.35±0.60 to 0.84±0.47. The total PAC‑QOL score decreased from 2.14±0.23 to 0.82±0.35; p <0.01. A reduction in the PAC‑QOL score was observed one year after surgery, with an average improvement of 61.5±14.9% (ranging from 6.2% to 77.2%). The highest percentage of improvement was registered in the «Satisfaction» component, with an increase of 81.2±15.0% (ranging from 33.3% to 88.2%), while the lowest improvement was in the psychological component, 56.7±16.1% (ranging from 0.0% to 78.6%). For the physical component, the percentage of improvement was 63.14±11.23% (ranging from 30.0% to 81.82%), and for the worries component, it was 64.0±15.75% (ranging from 0.0% to 77.2%).
Conclusions. According to the PAC‑QOL scale, surgical treatment involving colectomy improves quality of life significantly in the long‑term postoperative period in patients with CSTC who are resistant to conservative therapy. Overall PAC‑QOL scores improved by 61.51%, as did all components: physical (63.14%), psychological (56.73%), anxiety (64.0%), and satisfaction (81.2%).
Flexibility vs Harmonization: Analysing the Environmental Regulations and Global Supply Chains
Authors: Chandra Simran
Published: February 2025

The regulatory standards of the environment define how to overcome the physical and organizational links in the complex global supply chain. These restraints on environmental quality, which is the primary concern of the responsible nations, differ widely among them. This mismatch needs a delicate balance between two opposing ideologies: homogeneity and conformity. Harmonization provides a base of unified rules for all the countries, and flexibility becomes an option with the possibility to modify the rules according to governments’ demands. This project explores the real-world practical complexities and promising prospects associated with regulations harmonization and elasticity; moreover, it presents their massive role in the foreign supply chain. We will pursue a deliberate analysis of how they would constitute impediments to operational efficiency and competent business activities. Furthermore, we shall find out if cooperating internationally regarding unifying environmental standards is worth it and if it brings any related benefits.Moreover, the study will investigate the role played by private government measures in dealing with tricky environmental regulation challenges. Such programs often function as channels that ease regulatory cross-fertilization, which is a basis for uniform business compliance and sustainability across other markets worldwide—this article endeavors to bring novel insight into the intricate interconnections between natural law and world trade. Looking at complications and solutions, we would love to suggest measures for implementing an inclusive approach, both of which are saving the environment and preserving the vibrancy of the global supply chain.
NEUTRALITY: AN ASPECT OF THE UN CHARTER
Authors: Chandra Simran
Published: February 2025

“Any achievement cannot be higher than working cooperatively with other countries to maintain peace and stability and remove the burden of war from our shoulders.”Just after World War II, an international body known as the “United Nations (UN)” was established in 1945. Its principal objectives are to protect human rights, social progress, higher living standards, and greater freedom on a global scale. Since the UN has become more involved in humanitarian relief and peacekeeping, neutrality has been scrutinized. This paper examines the idea of neutrality and how it relates to the UN. It looks at the chances and problems when the organization tries to keep its ideals while simultaneously addressing the intricate reality of world politics.
Collective narcissism and the weakening of American democracy
Authors: Keenan Oliver , Golec Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

The storming of the US Capitol and voter intimidation by Trump supporters has marked significant upheaval in American democracy. In three cross-sectional studies, we test the proposition that collective narcissism is associated with support for a populist leader to the point of disregard for democratic procedures and hostility towards others. In Study 1, conducted just before the 2020 Presidential elections, we examined the association of American collective narcissism with support for Trump’s presidency even if Donald Trump was to violate the democratic procedures while securing the re-election. In Study 2, conducted just after the Capitol attack, we examined the association between American collective narcissism and support for the attacks. In Study 3, we examined whether collective narcissism was associated with support for a populist leader, disregarding democratic procedures, in a minimal group setting deprived of any associations with particular political context. The results of the three studies converge to indicate that collective narcissism is most strongly (beyond variables commonly implicated in support for right-wing populism) associated with populist leadership to the extent of disregarding democratic norms. The narcissistic conception of the national ingroup is essential to our understanding of right-wing populism and its reactionary movements.
‘Babu’ Sarat Chandra Roy & the making of ‘Nationalist Anthropology’ in India.
Authors: Ghosh Roy Kaustav
Published: February 2025

This article examines Sarat Chandra Roy's groundbreaking work in establishing "Nationalist Anthropology" in India. It describes how Roy, who started out as a lawyer, became the first Indian anthropologist to operate in tribal populations, especially the Mundas, through ethnographic fieldwork. Roy's research was firmly anchored in his dedication to justice for underprivileged tribes, in contrast to European scholars who were motivated by administrative or missionary goals. By fusing Western methods with an Indian viewpoint, his groundbreaking work, ‘The Mundas and Their Country’ (1912), established a standard for anthropological research in India. The purpose of this article is to investigate how nationalism influenced Indian anthropology, a field previously dominated by colonial narratives. By situating Roy's work within the larger theoretical frameworks of evolutionism, diffusionism, and functionalism, the article highlights his methodological innovations and efforts to develop an indigenous anthropological perspective. His work helped to establish anthropology as an academic discipline in India, resulting in the founding of Man in India, the country's second professional anthropology journal. The study seeks to shed light on Roy's ethnographic methods and nationalist vision, which contributed to a distinct Indian anthropological tradition. His approach emphasized the importance of situating tribal communities in a larger socio-historical context, challenging the widely held notion of isolated "primitive" societies.Finally, Roy's contributions are significant because of his ability to bridge Western anthropological theories with Indian intellectual traditions, thereby fostering a nationalist framework in the discipline. His legacy continues to shape modern Indian anthropology, demonstrating how indigenous scholarship can challenge colonial epistemologies and contribute to nation-building.
Analysis of Environmental Restrictions as Trade Barriers to International Trades- in the backdrop of the case study of Hawaiian Nuclear Reactor
Authors: Chandra Simran
Published: February 2025

This research mainly focuses on the case study of Hawaii and its aborted nuclear reactor program, reinforcing the peculiar insidiousness of the regulative process in any form that is seemingly environmentally justified but is, in reality, a setback in implementing sustainable energy systems.The study also applies to the Amazon rainforest and analyzes how export bans affect commerce in a given country’s natural resources such as timber and agriculture. The study examines the effects of these bans on trade between countries especially in the timber trade and the agricultural chain. The purpose of the dissertation is to identify and analyze how the different impacts of environmental regulations on the patterns of international trade are manifested through these distinct examples.Detailed examination of these cases makes it possible to reveal the multifaceted nature of the impacts of the environment on trade flows. It discusses the possible downside of regulations in that they can set trade barriers, but it also addresses the positive impact of the regulations on practices to which resources can be sustainably reverted.The final objective is to help do justice to the complex relationship between environmental policies by providing policymakers and other stakeholders with insights on the topic with a focus on how environmental regulations relate to international trade. This knowledge is intended to inform policymakers and economists as they navigate the ever-evolving landscape in which these two forces converge. By giving such a detailed overview of the dissertation, we would be able to provide these stakeholders with proper knowledge that would enable them to make decisions in the best way possible in such a manner that it helps in attaining a balance between environmental protection and economic development.
Barriers and facilitators for the implementation of preventative mental health interventions among secondary schools in high-income countries: A systematic review’
Authors: Schäfer Sarah , Streit Sophie , Schanz Christian Günter , Roembell Laila B. , Corneli Marie , Schaubruch Lea Marga , Wessa Michele , Lieb Klaus , Equit Monika , Fuhr Daniela
Published: February 2025

Background. Recent societal crises have negatively impacted the mental health of many children and adolescents, prompting widespread calls for increased efforts to promote mental health and prevent the onset of mental disorders in this age group. Schools as key environments for young people present a valuable opportunity to implement low-threshold mental health interventions that can promote mental health. However, school-based interventions are often not maintained in the long-term, primarily due to various implementation challenges. This systematic review aims to identify barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation of school-based interventions for mental health promotion and mental disorder prevention in secondary schools in high-income countries.Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases (incl. APA PsycNet, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science), to identify qualitative or mixed-methods studies that examined the implementation of preventative school-based mental health interventions amongst regular secondary schools in high-income countries. After screening and data extraction, implementation determinants were synthesized using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Study quality was assessed using modified checklists of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.Results. Our search yielded 26 eligible studies, with sample sizes ranging from 5 to 8,630 pupils. A total of 336 distinct implementation factors were identified, with barriers (N=207; 61.6%) outweighing facilitators (N=129; 38.4%). The most common barriers included scheduling conflicts, a lack of priority for mental health interventions, and logistical challenges within the school environment. Key facilitators included leadership support, age-appropriate intervention components, and ongoing staff engagement.Conclusions. To ensure long-term success of preventative school-based mental health interventions it is critical to integrate programs into the school environment by aligning them with academic priorities and addressing pre-existing resource limitations. Future research should focus on adapting interventions to better fit school environments, and on fostering strong leadership and community support to overcome implementation barriers at the team and community level. Addressing multidimensional implementation factors and exploring their complex interaction will be essential for developing and implementing effective and sustainable interventions that can have a long-lasting impact on adolescents’ mental health.Registration. Prospective preregistration at PROSPERO: CRD42023493299.
Case Law Analysis: McBoyle v. United States 283 U.S. 25 (1931)
Authors: Chandra Simran
Published: February 2025

The ‘McBoyle v. United States’ case from 1931 is regarded as a formative ruling. It highlights the significance of following the ‘plain sense of legislative language’ and avoiding undue broad interpretations that can have unexpected implications. ‘The National Motor Vehicle Theft Act’ forbids the interstate transfer of stolen vehicles, and the core issue in the case was, whether an aircraft might be classified as a “motor vehicle” under the aforementioned statute.
Teacher induction as an ecosystem of practices: developing a new lens to understand the interrelated work of stakeholders
Authors: Grainger Clemson Hannah Grainger , Fernandes Sandra
Published: February 2025

This study explores the concept of teacher induction as an ecosystem of practices, offering a novel lens to understand the interdependence among stakeholders and their roles in supporting early career teachers (ECTs). As part of TeacherEd, a European project on new teacher induction, researchers analysed qualitative data from interviews with nine stakeholders across diverse educational systems. Thematic content analysis framed findings into three interconnected dimensions: networks, community interdependence, and cycles of growth. Results highlight key enablers, such as mentoring, peer collaboration, and adaptable institutional support, alongside barriers like resource constraints, disjointed policies, and uneven stakeholder engagement. The study highlights the dynamic and interdependent nature of induction ecosystems, offering a systemic perspective on how local adaptation, connectivity, and resources influence effectiveness. This research contributes to understanding induction as a collaborative and evolving process, providing insights for enhancing teacher support, retention, and professional development.
Formation of Mg-silicates in the microbial sediments of a saline, mildly alkaline coastal lake (Lake Clifton, Australia): environmental versus microbiological drivers
Authors: Mercedes-Martín Ramon , Sánchez-Román Mónica , Ayora Carlos , Rogerson Mike , Thomas Camille , Van Spanning Rob , Brasier Alexander , Wacey David , Reijmer John
Published: February 2025

Recent interest in Mg-rich silicate formation stems from their role as valuable paleoclimatic indicators in fluvio-lacustrine environments and their insights into metal geochemical cycling. Traditionally, Mg-silicate genesis in lacustrine contexts is linked to alkaline or saline conditions in closed, evaporitic basins. However, the discovery of interparticle amorphous kerolite-like Mg-silicates in the sediments of Lake Clifton, a currently hypersaline coastal lagoon in Western Australia with circumneutral pH and moderate alkalinity, challenges existing models. In this study, petrographic, hydrochemical, and microbial genomic data from different Lake Clifton sub-environments (episodically submerged and subaerial settings) and substrates (pustular microbial mats and non-lithifying microbial sediments) were integrated with geochemical modelling to quantify the mechanisms underlying the formation of Mg-silicates and aragonite peloids as lake shoreline sediments. Geochemical modelling suggests that neither evaporation-driven alkalinity fluctuations nor mixing of lake water with groundwater can solely explain the kerolite-like/carbonate association observed in lakebed sediments. Kerolite-like phases nucleate in association with twisted microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and organic-rich bacterial remains; this, combined with the identification of diatom- and cyanobacteria-powered photosynthesis, putative anoxygenic photosynthesis, and sulphate-reducing metabolisms, suggests an intimate link between biologically induced processes and the co-precipitation of aragonite peloids and interparticle kerolite-like phases in the lake. Moreover, the contribution of dead diatom frustule dissolution towards kerolite-like authigenesis was geochemically simulated, revealing that the precipitation of observable amounts of kerolite-like at pH values measured in Lake Clifton waters would prevent the formation of aragonite, questioning the feasibility of a scenario dominated by large inputs of dissolved biogenic silica. Discovery of kerolite-like Mg-silicates in microbial-bearing sediments of a hypersaline coastal lagoon prompts a holistic re-evaluation of the environmental and microbiological factors influencing Mg-silicate-carbonate co-precipitation in lacustrine-peri-marine settings. Studying modern Mg-silicate-bearing lacustrine sediments offer the opportunity to better understand the early diagenetic biotic- abiotic processes that may have had limited petrographic preservation potential in ancient saline lake deposits.
Three Types of Collective Narcissism—Male, Religious, and National—Predict Sexism
Authors: Golec Agnieszka , Bierwiaczonek Kinga
Published: February 2025

Results of three cross-sectional studies indicate that sexism in Poland is associated with collective narcissism—a belief that one’s own group’s (the in-group’s) exaggerated exceptionality is not sufficiently recognized by others—with reference to three social identities: male, religious, and national. In Study 1 (n = 329), male collective narcissism was associated with sexism. This relationship was sequentially mediated by precarious manhood and traditional gender beliefs. In Study 2 (n = 877), Catholic collective narcissism predicted tolerance of violence against women (among men and women) over and above religious fundamentalism and in contrast to intrinsic religiosity. In Study 3 (n = 1070), national collective narcissism was associated with hostile sexism among men and women and with benevolent sexism more strongly among women than among men. In contrast, national in-group satisfaction—a belief that the nation is of a high value—predicted rejection of benevolent and hostile sexism among women but was positively associated with hostile and benevolent sexism among men. Among men and women collective narcissism was associated with tolerance of domestic violence against women, whereas national in-group satisfaction was associated with rejection of violence against women.
Action interpretation determines the effects of go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions on food choice
Authors: Chen Zhang , Van Dessel Pieter , Serverius Jordi , Zhu Daxun , Figner Bernd
Published: February 2025

Executing go/no-go and approach/avoidance responses toward objects can increase people's choices of go over no-go items, and of approach over avoidance items. Some theoretical accounts explain these effects as the results of merely executing these responses (i.e., action execution), while others propose that these choice effects stem from interpreting these motor responses as valenced actions (i.e., action interpretation). To test the role of action execution versus action interpretation in both go/no-go and approach/avoidance responses, we employed a recently developed training that combined both dimensions orthogonally. Participants either pressed a key or not (i.e., go/no-go) to control a shopping cart on screen, to either collect or not collect certain food items (i.e., approach/avoidance). After the training, they repeatedly chose between food items (i.e., candies) for real consumption. When the instructions framed the responses as approach/avoidance actions, participants (N = 98) preferred approach items over avoidance items, but did not show preferences between go and no-go items in their choices. In contrast, when the instructions framed the responses as go/no-go actions, participants (N = 98) preferred go items over no-go items, but did not show preferences between approach and avoidance items. Despite making the same actual responses in both instruction groups, action interpretation determined whether go/no-go or approach/avoidance actions influenced food choice. Disambiguating the interpretation of motor responses as clearly valenced and meaningful actions may therefore be a fruitful way to maximize the effectiveness of response-based behavioral interventions.
“Even in a classroom full of people I’m just feeling lonely”: Exploring the experience of loneliness among autistic children and adolescents
Authors: Papagavriel Katerina , Bathelt Joe
Published: February 2025

Loneliness is a pressing issue for autistic children and young people. Hitherto, research has mostly focused on establishing the prevalence of loneliness in this group but has largely neglected their own perspective. This study aimed to address this gap and deepen our understanding of how autistic youth experience loneliness. Specifically, the study investigated how autistic young people conceptualise loneliness, how they experience loneliness across different contexts, and what strategies they employ to cope with this feeling. Eleven autistic participants, aged 10 to 16, were interviewed online. The study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to analyse the data. Four Group Experiential Themes (GETS) and twelve subthemes emerged. The four themes included: (1) conceptualisation of loneliness, (2) subjective experience of loneliness, (3) communicating feelings of loneliness, and (4) social interactions and networks. Findings revealed that participants distinguished between loneliness and aloneness, experienced various emotions and physical sensations linked to loneliness, and perceived their experiences differently at home and school. Most felt misunderstood if they shared their loneliness and preferred coping alone through enjoyable activities. The study highlights the need for clinicians to engage young autistic people in discussions about loneliness, offer safe spaces to share experiences, and design interventions specifically for their needs.
Generalized Bayesian Method for Diagnostic Classification Models
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuhiro , Liu Yanlong , Xu Gongjun
Published: February 2025

This study extends the loss function-based parameter estimation method for diagnostic classification models proposed by C. Ma, de la Torre, et al. (2023, Psychometrika) to consider prior knowledge and uncertainty of sampling. To this end, we integrate the loss function-based estimation method with the generalized Bayesian method. We establish the consistency of attribute mastery patterns of the proposed generalized Bayesian method. The proposed generalized Bayesian method is compared in a simulation study and found to be superior to the previous nonparametric diagnostic classification method—a special case of the loss function-based method. Moreover, the proposed method is applied to real data and compared with previous parametric and nonparametric estimation methods. Finally, practical guidelines for the proposed method and future research directions are discussed.
Perspective Taking to Reduce Prejudice: The Venezuela-Colombia Migrant Crisis
Authors: Geisser Christopher , Bijlstra Gijsbert , Karremans Johan , Jimenez-Leal William
Published: February 2025

In 2019, mass immigration of Venezuelans to Colombia peaked, which for Colombian residents was accompanied by fear of potential conflicts and negative consequences. Given the lack of literature on the effectiveness of perspective taking in combatting discrimination in ongoing conflict situations, the present experiment (between-subjects design) investigated whether and how perspective taking affects Colombians’ (N = 254) levels of prejudice towards Venezuelan migrants. After manipulating perspective taking, the present research assessed participants’ levels of perspective taking, their empathy, trust, anxiety, and behavioral intentions towards as well as their evaluations of Venezuelans. The results showed that our manipulation was not effective in increasing perspective taking. However, in line with our preregistered hypotheses, self-reported levels of perspective taking were associated with more positive evaluations and behavioral intentions towards Venezuelan migrants. Furthermore, the findings provided some support for the role of empathy, trust, and anxiety as underlying mechanisms. Our study suggests that individual differences in perspective taking play a significant role in reducing prejudice towards out-group members, even in contexts of ongoing conflict. Yet, the current findings do raise doubt on the generalizability of previous experimental laboratory findings on perspective taking and prejudice. We discuss how knowledge on the mechanisms should help to improve perspective taking manipulations in future intergroup conflict intervention studies.
Collective narcissism and its social consequences: The Bad and the Ugly
Authors: Golec Agnieszka , Lantos Dorottya
Published: February 2025

Collective narcissism is a belief that one’s own group (the in-group) is exceptional but not sufficiently recognized by others. It is the form of ‘in-group love’ associated with ‘out-group hate’. In contrast to private collective self-esteem (a belief that the in-group is of high value), it consistently predicts prejudice, retaliatory intergroup aggression, and rejoicing in suffering of others. The pervasive association between collective narcissism and intergroup hostility is driven by a biased perception of intergroup situations that serves to protect undermined self-worth and frustrated personal entitlement invested in the in-group’s image. Collective narcissism is associated with hypersensitivity to provocation and the belief that only hostile revenge is a desirable and rewarding response. It arises when the traditional group-based hierarchies are challenged and empowers extremists as well as populist politicians. Instead of alleviating, it re-fuels a sense of threatened self-importance. The association between collective narcissism and intergroup hostility is weakened by experiences fortifying emotional resilience (e.g., positive identification with a community).
Rapid and Reliable Computational Markers for Predicting Daily Smoking Behavior and Smoking Cessation Treatment Outcome
Authors: Lee Jeung-Hyun , Lee Sang Ho , Yang Jaeyeong , Kim Hyeonjin , Pitt Mark , Park Hyung Jun , Joh Hee-Kyung , Konova Anna B. , Ahn Woo-Young
Published: February 2025

Nicotine addiction is a complex disorder shaped by factors such as craving, mood, and neurocognitive processes. While ecological momentary assessment (EMA) provides a real-time method for capturing dynamic changes in behavior, traditional tasks and surveys are often too lengthy and demanding for repeated use in clinical settings. Integrating EMA with computational approaches offers a promising solution to predict smoking behavior dynamically while addressing the practical limitations of conventional assays, paving the way for more effective and scalable interventions. To evaluate the predictive value of computational markers derived from decision-making tasks and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data for short-term (daily smoking behavior) and long-term (cessation success) outcomes, and to assess the timing and amount of data collection needed for prediction. 79 daily smokers (mean age 25.64 years, 83% male) took part in a longitudinal experimental study involving EMA surveys of psychological states and decision-making tasks, delivered daily via a smartphone app, while undergoing a 5–6 week smoking cessation program. Using a machine-learning methodology (adaptive design optimization, ADO) to effectively generate task variables, we estimated computational markers from just 20 to 30 trials per day, reducing task length and participants burden. A time-lagged model incorporating both computational markers and self-reported daily psychological states provided the most accurate prediction of next-day smoking behavior. Higher levels of craving, depression, and ambiguity tolerance in decision-making on the previous day were significantly predictive of increased smoking amount the following day. Smoking cessation status at the end of treatment was most strongly predicted by lower discounting rates, reduced craving and stress, a longer smoking history, and greater engagement in treatment (AUC = 0.76). Notably, models based on data collected during the first week of follow-up, either on the decision-making tasks (AUC = 0.74) or psychological variables (AUC = 0.73), demonstrated comparable predictive accuracy for end-of-treatment smoking cessation. Combining computational markers with EMA data offers a dynamic and efficient approach for predicting smoking behavior and cessation success and holds promise for clinical applications.
Love in the Time of COVID: Perceived Partner Responsiveness Buffers People from Lower Relationship Quality Associated with COVID-Related Stressors
Authors: Balzarini Rhonda Nicole , Muise Amy , Zoppolat Giulia , Di Bartolomeo Alyssa , Rodrigues David L. , Alonso-Ferres María , Urganci Betul , Debrot Anik , Pichayayothin Nipat , Dharma Christoffer , Chi Peilian , Karremans Johan , Schoebi Dominik , Slatcher Richard Bennett
Published: February 2025

External stressors can erode relationship quality, though little is known about what can mitigate these effects. We examined whether COVID-related stressors were associated with lower relationship quality, and whether perceived partner responsiveness—the extent to which people believe their partner understands, validates, and cares for them—buffers these effects. When people in relationships reported more COVID-related stressors they reported poorer relationship quality at the onset of the pandemic (N = 3,593 from 57 countries) and over the subsequent three months (N = 1,125). At the onset of the pandemic, most associations were buffered by perceived partner responsiveness, such that people who perceived their partners to be low in responsiveness reported poorer relationship quality when they experienced COVID-related stressors, but these associations were reduced among people who perceived their partners to be highly responsive. In some cases, these associations were buffered over the ensuing weeks of the pandemic.
Collective narcissism of White supremacy and minority resistance
Authors: Keenan Oliver , Golec Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

In four cross-sectional studies (N = 2,228; three preregistered), we hypothesized and found that U.S. American and White collective narcissism is associated with opposition to racial equality, whereas racial collective narcissism among Blacks and Latinx in the U.S. is associated with support for racial equality. In Studies 1 & 2, American national and White racial collective narcissism was positively associated with support for state repression of Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, anti-egalitarianism and legitimization of racial inequality. Black racial collective narcissism was negatively associated with the same variables. In Studies 3 & 4, American national and White racial collective narcissism was positively associated with anti-egalitarianism, support for the alt-right movement and opposition to policies to advance racial minorities. Latinx racial collective narcissism was negatively associated with the same variables. In sum, in the U.S., national collective narcissism among Whites and racial minorities and White racial collective narcissism hinder the pursuit of racial equality. However, Black and Latinx racial collective narcissism is associated with pursuit of racial equality.
Public support for climate change mitigation is lower in nations with high fossil fuel reliance
Authors: Klebl Christoph
Published: February 2025

Fossil fuel reliant countries contribute disproportionately to climate change, yet little isknown about how nations’ fossil fuel reliance is associated with public support for climatechange mitigation. Study 1 (N = 296) found that perceiving one’s country as highlyeconomically reliant on fossil fuels is negatively associated with support for systemic climatepolicies. Study 2 (N = 102,824) showed across 106 countries that citizens of nations withgreater fossil fuel reliance were less likely to believe that climate change should be a priorityfor their government, more supportive of continued fossil fuel use, and less supportive ofincreased renewable energy use. Climate denial and lower worry about climate changemediated the associations between nations' fossil fuel reliance and citizens' mitigationsupport. These findings suggest that fossil fuel reliant countries not only lag in climatemitigation efforts, but their citizens are also less supportive of climate policies. Thesefindings may reflect the influence of vested interests in the fossil fuel industry on publicopinion and underscore the need for a transition that acknowledges citizens’ concerns aboutphasing out fossil fuels.
Collective Narcissism, In-Group Satisfaction, and Solidarity in the Face of COVID-19
Authors: Federico Christopher , Golec Agnieszka , Baran Tomasz
Published: February 2025

The present study explored the antecedents of solidarity amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that solidarity during mass emergencies involves the development of a social identity encompassing those facing a common fate, we examined how national in-group satisfaction (a belief that the national in-group and one’s membership in it are of high value) versus national collective narcissism (a belief that the national in-group is exceptional and entitled to privileged treatment, but not sufficiently recognized by others) predicted solidarity with those affected by the pandemic in Poland. The results of cross-sectional and dynamic analyses from a panel study on a representative sample of Polish adults indicate that in-group satisfaction predicted greater COVID-19 solidarity, whereas collective narcissism predicted reduced COVID-19 solidarity.
Collective Narcissism and Perceptions of the (Il)legitimacy of the 2020 US Election
Authors: Federico Christopher , Farhart Christina E. , Vitriol Joseph A , Golec Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

Recent work suggests that collective narcissism—an exaggerated, unrealistic belief in an in-group’s greatness that demands constant external validation—is a reliable predictor of authoritarian-populist hostility toward democratic norms, processes, and outcomes. In the present study, we use a recent survey of American adults to examine the relationship between collective narcissism and perceptions that the 2020 election in the US was illegitimate. We find evidence that those high in national collective narcissism are more likely to endorse a number of beliefs about the illegitimacy of the 2020 US election, including greater perception of fraud, procedural unfairness, and inaccurate vote counting. Importantly, we find that this relationship is strongest among those whose identities were most threatened by a loss of power due to the 2020 presidential outcome, i.e., Republicans and conservative identifiers.
PRINCIPLES OF COGNITIVE SYSTEM PRESUMED WITHIN THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RATIONAL THINKING
Authors: Damnjanović Kaja
Published: February 2025

Numerous psychological models of the rationality of human thinking have been developed since the middle of the last century within the line of research known as the heuristics and biases approach, descriptive theory of rationality or decision-making, complex cognition, or the psychology of rational thinking. The focal processes or phenomena are reasoning, decision-making, judging, and inferencing. Families of models revolve around the formal (cumulative) prospect theory, the cognitivist fuzzy trace theory, ecological rationality, and dual process theories. Regarding complex cognitive processing, there is a limited set of principles that researchers in the psychology of rationality implicitly, and sometimes uncritically, attribute to the human cognitive system. These principles may be called “boundary conditions” of the validity of psychological rationality theories, meaning that all psychological models of rational thinking, including currently dominant dual process theories, belong to a set constrained by the postulated qualities of the cognitive system's architecture. Those principles that have not yet been explicitly stated in the literature are as follows: cognitive miserliness, cognitive processing dependence on the environment, knowledge structures, probabilism, and the challenge of individual differences. The paper presents the mentioned principles and their historical antecedents and a proposal for future research questions based on such a juxtaposition.
Gender and National Collective Narcissism: Gender Asymmetries and Obstacles to Gender Equality
Authors: Golec Agnieszka , Keenan Oliver
Published: February 2025

To elucidate how ingroup identification is implicated in attitudes towards gender equality, it is important to consider that (1) people simultaneously identify with more (a nation) vs. less abstract groups (gender), and (2) gender collective narcissism is the specific aspect of ingroup identification likely to inspire opposite attitudes towards gender equality among men (negative) and women (positive), but (3) national narcissism is likely to align with men’s interests and inspire negative attitudes towards gender equality among men and women. In Study 1, we demonstrate that gender collective narcissism is the same variable among men and women. In Study 2, we show that among women (but not among men) in Poland, gender collective narcissism predicts intentions to engage in normative and non-normative collective action for gender equality. In Study 3, we show that gender collective narcissists among women endorse an egalitarian outlook, whereas gender collective narcissists among men reject it. In contrast, national narcissism predicts refusal to engage in collective action for gender equality and endorsement of an anti-egalitarian outlook among women and among men. Thus, national narcissism and gender collective narcissism among men impair pursuit of gender equality. Gender collective narcissism among women facilitates engagement in collective action for gender equality. Low gender collective narcissism among men and low national narcissism may also facilitate support for gender equality.
Collective Narcissism as a Basis for Nationalism
Authors: Federico Christopher , Golec Agnieszka , Bu Wen
Published: February 2025

Recent work suggests that collective narcissism—an exaggerated, unrealistic belief in an in-group’s greatness that demands constant external validation—is a strong predictor of a variety of political attitudes. In the present study, we use nationally-representative panel data from Poland to examine the relationship between national collective narcissism and nationalism, a belief that the national ingroup is superior and should dominate other nations. We first demonstrate that national collective narcissism, nationalism and mere satisfaction with national ingroup are distinct. In turn, in both cross-sectional and panel analyses, we find (1) that national collective narcissism is positively related to nationalism, whereas satisfaction with the national-ingroup is not; and (2) that national collective narcissism is a stronger predictor of nationalism than national-ingroup satisfaction is in absolute terms. Our analyses thus provide evidence that nationalism may be rooted in narcissistic exaggeration of the greatness of the national in-group rather than non-narcissistic national ingroup satisfaction.
Combining Forecasts From Advisors: The Impact of Advice Independence and Verbal vs. Numeric Format
Authors: Strueder Jeremy , Windschitl Paul D.
Published: February 2025

Past research on advice-taking has suggested that people are often insensitive to the level of advice independence when combining forecasts from advisors. However, this has primarily been tested for cases in which people receive numeric forecasts. Recent work by Mislavsky & Gaertig (2022) shows that people sometimes employ different strategies when combining verbal versus numeric forecasts about the likelihood of future events. Specifically, likelihood judgments based on two verbal forecasts (e.g., “rather likely”) are more often extreme (relative to the forecasts) than are likelihood judgments based on two numeric forecasts (e.g., “70% probability”). The goal of the present research was to investigate whether advice-takers’ use of combination strategies can be sensitive to advice independence when differences in independence are highly salient and whether sensitivity to advice independence depends on the format in which advice is given. In two studies, we found that advice-takers became more extreme with their own likelihood estimate when combining forecasts from advisors who use separate evidence, as opposed to the same evidence. We also found that two verbal forecasts generally resulted in more extreme combined likelihood estimates than two numeric forecasts. However, the results did not suggest that sensitivity to advice independence depends on the format of advice.
The Link Between Religiosity and National Identity in Contemporary Poland: Extended Prosociality or Collective Narcissism?
Authors: Federico Christopher , Golec Agnieszka , Baran Tomasz
Published: February 2025

We utilize the distinction between collective narcissism (insistence on external recognition of ingroup’s superiority) and ingroup satisfaction (feeling proud of belonging to a valuable group) to examine whether the link between religiosity and positivity toward the nation in Poland reflect a need to feel embedded in salient social groups or an attraction to groups bound by beliefs of threatened superiority. In two nationally representative surveys (one longitudinal), we found that although both national collective narcissism and national ingroup satisfaction are linked to religiosity, the association with national collective narcissism is significantly stronger across different religious orientations and different assessments of individual religiosity. Longitudinal analyses indicate that while strongly related, national collective narcissism and religiosity do not affect each other. This may suggest they share common psychological underpinnings in a narcissistic need to belong to communities that regard themselves both special and not sufficiently externally recognized.
The Father’s Love: Collective Narcissism and Defensive Reactions to Allegations about Pope John Paul II in Polish Public Opinion
Authors: Golec Agnieszka , Federico Christopher
Published: February 2025

Recent allegations that Pope John Paul II turned a blind eye to clergy sexual abuse as archbishop and pope have ignited much controversy in Poland. In this study, we utilize data from an original representative survey of Polish adults to examine predictors of defensive political reactions to these allegations. We hypothesized that national and Catholic forms of collective narcissism (an exaggerated belief in ingroup greatness that requires consistent external validation) would predict defensive attitudes in the face of the allegation, and that non-narcissistic ingroup satisfaction with national and Polish identities would be less related to defensive attitudes. Using a variety of statistical approaches, we find support for these predictions among Polish Catholics.
Pengembangan kompetensi terhadap penerapan premi dan klaim asuransi di PT Asuransi Bumida 1967
Authors: Dinda Lintang , Dwi Andini Putri Rosa , Megumi Dwi Puspitasari Ajeng , Isnaini Laila Khasanah Desi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengembagkan kompetensi berkaitan dengan penerapan premi dan klaim asuransi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan Asuransi Umum yang berada di Yogyakarta yaitu PT Asuransi Umum Bumida 1967. Penelitian dilakukan selama 1 bulan dengan observasi, wawancara dan praktik langsung pada perusahaan untuk mengetahui proses premi dan klaim oleh nasabah pada perusahaan. Beberapa kendala dapat ditemukan selama proses observasi kemudian peneliti memberikan masukan dan membantu memecahkan masalah sehingga proses transaksi dan pencatatan berjalan secara efisien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penerapan premi dan klaim asuransi berjalan sesuai dengan harapan. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan masukan pada organisasi untuk meningkatkan pelayanan terutapa proses klaim asuransi sehingga kinerja perusahaan semakin baik.