bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of hub genes and immune cell infiltration participating in the progression of carotid atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Zhang Han , Huang Yinde , Li Xin , Chen Wenbin , Lun Yu , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2022

Emerging evidence shows that carotid atherosclerosis is related to the activation of immune-related pathways and inflammatory cell infiltration. However, the immune-linked pathways that helped in the advancement of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque and the association of such plaques with the infiltration status of the body’s immune cells still unclear. Here, the expression profiles of the genes expressed during the progression of the carotid atherosclerotic plaques, were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and 178 differentially expressed genes were examined. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis technique identified one of the brown modules showed the greatest correlation with carotid atherosclerotic plaques. In total, 66 intersecting genes could be detected after combining the DEGs. LASSO regression analysis was subsequently performed to obtain five hub genes as potential biomarkers for carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The functional analysis emphasized the vital roles played by the inflammation- and immune system-related pathways in this disease. The immune cell infiltration results highlighted the significant correlation among the CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, and CD8+ T cells. Thereafter, the gene expression levels and the diagnostic values related to every hub gene were further validated. The above results indicated that macrophages, B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+T cells were closely related to the formation of the advanced-stage carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Based on the results, it could be hypothesized that the expression of hub genes (C3AR1, SLAMF8, TMEM176A, FERMT3, and GIMAP4) assisted in the advancement of the early-stage to advanced-stage carotid atherosclerotic plaque through immune-related signaling pathways.
Network bypasses sustain complexity
Authors: Estrada Ernesto , Lacasa Lucas
Published: July 2022

Real-world networks are neither regular nor random, a fact elegantly explained by
mechanisms such as the Watts-Strogatz or the Barabasi-Albert models. Both mechanisms
naturally create shortcuts and hubs, which enhance network’s navigability. They also tend
to be overused during geodesic navigational processes, making the networks fragile against
jamming. Why, then, networks with complex topologies are ubiquitous? Here we show that
these models entropically generate network bypasses: alternative routes to shortest paths
which are topologically longer but easier to navigate. We develop a mathematical theory
that elucidates the emergence and consolidation of network bypasses and measures their
navigability gain. We apply our theory to a wide range of real-world networks and find that
they sustain complexity by different amounts of network bypasses. At the top of this complexity
ranking we found the human brain, what points out the importance of these results
to understand the plasticity of complex systems.
Using machine learning methods to predict the lactate trend of sepsis patients in the ICU
Authors: Arslantas Mustafa Kemal , Asuroglu Tunc , Arslantas Reyhan , Pashazade Emin , Dincer Pelin Corman , Altun Gulbin Tore , Kararmaz Alper
Published: July 2022

Purpose Serum lactate levels are considered a biomarker of tissue hypoxia. In sepsis or septic shock patients as suggested by The Surviving Sepsis Campaign serum lactate levels should be assessed and early lactate clearance-directed therapy is associated with decreased mortality. Monitoring a patient's vital parameters and repeatedly done blood analysis may have deleterious effects on the patient and brings an economical burden. Machine learning algorithms and trend analysis are gaining importance to overcome these unwanted facts. In this context, we aimed to investigate if an artificial intelligence approach can predict lactate trends from non-invasive clinical variables of patients with sepsis. MethodsIn this retrospective study, adult patients with sepsis from the MIMIC-IV dataset who had at least two serum lactate measurements recorded within the first 6 hours of sepsis diagnosis and who also has an ICU length of stay ≥ 24 hours are evaluated and ≥1mmol/l change is considered as a trend indicator. For prediction of lactate trend Naïve Bayes, J48 Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and Logistic Model Tree (LMT) classifiers are evaluated. ResultsLMT algorithm outperformed other classifiers (AUC= 0.832). J48 decision tree performed worse when predicting constant lactate trend. LMT algorithm with 4 features (heart rate, oxygen saturation, lactate value before sepsis diagnosis, and time interval variables) achieved 0.821 in terms of AUC. ConclusionWe can say that machine learning models that employ logistic regression architectures, i.e. LMT algorithm achieved good results in lactate trend prediction tasks can be effectively used to assess the state of the patient whether it is stable or improving.
Possible high-Tc superconductivity exceeding 100 K in Ir-substituted perovskite-type manganese oxides
Authors: Matsumoto Yuji , Kaminaga Kenichi , Suzuki Kanta , Maruyama Shingo
Published: July 2022

The search for new high-Tc superconductors has commonly focused on layered perovskite compounds with isoelectronic or isostructural properties similar to those of cuprates.1, 2 For example, in 2019, a family of 3d nickel-based superconductors (Nd, Sr)NiO2 was discovered by Hwang et al.3More recently, Ca2RuO4, a 4d transition metal oxide, received attention as a superconductor with Tc = 64 K in coexistence with ferromagnetism in nanofilm single crystals.4 Even the 5d transition metal oxide Sr2IrO4 was thoroughly studied as a possible high-Tc superconductor.5 While no zero-resistance state has yet been observed, surface-electron-doped Sr2IrO4 has shown a spectroscopic signature consistent with a superconducting gap.6 However, despite such intensive exploration of analogous structures, no materials other than cuprates or single-layer FeSe/SrTiO3 [Ref. 7] have been reported to exhibit high-Tc superconductivity above 100 K under ambient pressure. In this study, we report observations of possible new high-Tc superconductivity in a non-layered perovskite, Ir-substituted (La, Sr)MnO3 (LSMIO) thin films. LSMIO samples with Ir compositions of approximately 10% were confirmed to exhibit the zero-resistance state with onset temperatures exceeding 100 K. Furthermore, their magnetic field response was observed to be characteristic of conventional superconductors. All these results strongly indicated that LSMIO showed the most promise as a new high-Tc superconductor among perovskite oxides. The present discovery will boost interest in new theoretical frameworks for unconventional but possible superconductivity in LSMIO, opening a frontier for research on high-Tc superconductors.
A Rare Case of AIDS Co-infected with COVID-19 Presenting with Disseminated Herpes Zoster Complicated with CMV and Varicella Zoster Virus Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Daodu Joseph , Basuli Debargha , Parikh Amish Deepak
Published: July 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous co-infections have been reported, with some studies indicating that patients with HIV/AIDS have worse outcomes when co-infected with COVID-19. Here, we present the case of a young adult male who presented with disseminated Varicella, and was simultaneously diagnosed with AIDS and COVID-19 virus with several infection-related complications. A 25-year-old African-American male presented to the Emergency Department with vesicular, blistering rashes in multiple dermatomes including his eyelids. Screening test in the ED was positive for COVID-19. Given his high risk sexual history, he was tested for HIV which returned positive with a CD4 count of zero. He was started on IV antivirals for disseminated varicella with zoster ophthalmicus. The patient was intubated for worsening respiratory failure and required intensive care. During the hospital course, he developed worsening encephalopathy and CSF analysis was positive for CMV and VZV. The patient has a prolonged hospital stay, and exhibited evidence of infectious CNS vasculitis and HIV myelopathy. Anti-retroviral therapy was started after the acute period and the patient showed slow but definite clinical improvement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report a patient with AIDS with COVID-19 and disseminated VZV and with multiple complex infection-related complications
Chemical profiling of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings defense mechanism in response to Thielaviopsis ethectica infection
Authors: Daniel Esiegbuya
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The oil palm could be prone to pest and diseases during its stages. One of the major diseases associated with the early stages of development of the oil palm is the Thielaviopsis diseases caused by the genus Thielaviopsis. This study was carried out in order to understand the mechanisms of interaction between the T. ethectica and the oil palm.
Methods
The plant metabolomics approach using the Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to chemotype oil palm seedlings artificially infected with T. ethacetica and treated with water and fertilizer and those not treated.
Results
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of the macerated centre spear of the treated and untreated oil palms fronds using n-hexane showed that the fatty acids, steroidal compounds and organic acids were more diverse in the untreated oil palm seedlings compared to the treated ones. Principal component analysis showed that the pathogen accounted for the diversity of the identified compounds.
Conclusion
The abundance of biosynthesized fatty acids and steroidal compounds in the untreated oil palms indicates their role in the oil palm defense mechanism thus also suggesting their possibilities as biomarkers for the early detection of T. ethecitica in the oil palm. Applying NPKMg for soil nutrient enhancement and water facilitated the reversal of the symptoms of T. ethecitica on the oil palm seedlings.
Eine vergleichende prospektive Untersuchung zwischen dem Storz C-MAC® Miller 0 und Miller 1 Videolaryngoskop und dem Glidescope Videolaryngoskop bei der Intubation von Kindern unter 10 kg mit erwartet schwierigem Atemweg
Authors:   , Unglaube Moritz
Published: July 2022

Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten sind häufige, angeborene Fehlbildungen beim Menschen und werden zumeist schon innerhalb des ersten Lebensjahres operativ korrigiert. In 5-11% der Fälle ist das Vorliegen einer solchen Anomalie mit einer schwierigen Laryngoskopie assoziiert und kann ein modifiziertes Vorgehen bei der Sicherung des Atemweges erfordern. Videolaryngoskopische Techniken kommen hierbei vermehrt zum Einsatz und können auch im Kindesalter zu einer Verbesserung der Intubationsbedingungen beitragen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Intubationsbedingungen zwischen der indirekten Laryngoskopie mittels Glidescope® GVL Spatel Gr. 2 und der indirekten sowie direkten Laryngoskopie mittels C-MAC® Miller-Spatel Gr. 1 bei Kindern mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte miteinander verglichen. Über einen Zeitraum von acht Monaten wurden Kinder mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte prospektiv abwechselnd entweder indirekt mit dem Glidescope® oder direkt und indirekt mit dem C-MAC® laryngoskopiert. Die Visualisierung der Glottisebene nach der modifizierten Cormack und Lehane Klassifikation war das Hauptzielkriterium. Sekundäre Zielparameter waren unter anderem die Zeit bis zur optimalen Sicht und die Zeit bis zur Intubation. 36 Kinder, die sich einer elektiven Korrektur einer Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte unterzogen, wurden eingeschlossen und erfolgreich intubiert. Jeweils 18 Kinder wurden mit dem C-MAC® Miller-Spatel Gr. 1 und mit dem Glidescope® GVL-Spatel Gr. 2 laryngoskopiert. Im Vergleich zwischen direkter und indirekter Laryngoskopie mit dem C-MAC® zeigte sich bei vier (22%) Kindern eine deutliche Verbesserung der Visualisierung der Glottisebene von einer schlechten Visualisierung (CL2b, 3 und 4) hin zu einer guten Visualisierung (CL2a und 1) der Glottisebene. Bei Verwendung des Glidescope® lag lediglich in einem Fall eine schlechte Visualisierung der Glottisebene vor. Der Einsatz indirekter videolaryngoskopischer Techniken kann die Visualisierung der Glottisebene verbessern und reduziert die Anzahl an schwierigen Laryngoskopien bei Kindern mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte.
Performance evaluation through the effectiveness of resources and reputation: A case study of hospitals in Indonesia
Authors: Fachri Helman , Sarjana Sri
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of emergency clinic assets and its reputation on the operation of health clinics that provide health facilities for the community. The unit of analysis in this study is a medical clinic in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The unit of perception is executives of a medical clinic. The perceptions were taken in one shoot time, particularly in 2021. The population covered 36 general hospitals from various classes, and the samples were taken from as many as 30 hospitals. The examination procedure for the exploration targets in this study used partial least squares. The experimental outcomes support the speculation that clinic assets and medical clinic reputation significantly affect clinic performance either all the while or somewhat. However, emergency clinic reputation has a more prominent commitment to emergency clinic performance, contrasted with emergency clinic assets. The findings of this review provide administrative ramifications to the medical clinic executives with an end goal to further develop emergency clinic performance with endeavors that depend on the improvement of the organization’s standing and upheld by the advancement of emergency clinic assets. Hospital reputation development needs to be prioritized and supported, especially hospital reliability aspect, as well as trustworthiness, credibility, and responsibility should be increased. Hospital resource development needs to be carried out by prioritizing organizational resources, which are upheld by improving human resources and tangible assets.
AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank the health administrations in several hospitals as officers in charge of hospital management in West Kalimantan helped complete the various data and information needed.
Narrating “India”: Liminal Narratives of Northeast and Assertion of Identity
Authors:   Assistant Professor of English, All Saints’ College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, Varghese Liji
Published: July 2022

The canonical notion of the Nation has always been a highly problematic and significant motif in Indian English literature. A close perusal reveals the staggering conflicts that arise as the counter-narratives raise pertinent questions that dispute the validity of the official discourse. One may argue that it is too simplistic to think of a singular concept of ‘India’ that can appease the demands of pluralistic narratives. Rather, one should envisage ‘Indias’ that open itself to fluid perspectives and accommodate polyphonic narratives. It is at such a juncture that writings from the Northeast India play a decisive role as they effectively re-mould the concepts of identity and authenticity in narrating the Indian experience. When writers like Siddhartha Deb, Anjum Hasan, and Anungla Zoe Longkumer examine the nuances of a liminal discourse that had hitherto been excluded from the nationalist canon, they become potent narratives that hint at the palimpsestic layers of a pluralistic discourse. The present paper tries to analyse works like The Point of Return (2003), Lunatic in My Head (2007) and The Many that I am (2019) as narratives that become persuasive layers of a palimpsestic notion of nation.
“Transgenerational Transmission of Chosen Trauma”: Locating Micro-Experiences in Macro-Historical Eventsand the Quest for Cultural and National Identity in Temsula Ao’s These Hills Called Home: Stories from a War Zone
Authors:   Phd Research Scholar, Department of English & Foreign Languages, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, V. Suganya , B. Dr Padmanabhan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of English & Foreign Languages, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: July 2022

Micro experiences of people immensely influence their personal narratives and play an undeniable role in reflecting the effects of macro-historical events. The narration of individual experiences contributes to the transgenerational transmission of historical memory and its collective experiences to posterity. Interweaving the micro experiences with macro-historical events promotes the construction of ethnic, national and cultural identities. Such individualistic narratives help in the construction of both the personal and cultural self for the macro-historical formation. This paper aims to interpret the select short stories from Temsula Ao’s These Hills Called Home: Stories from a War Zone for manifesting transgenerational transmission of the memories of Naga insurgency incidents and the collective traumatic experiences through the micro experiences of the characters. The storytellers in the select stories such as “The Last Song” and “An Old Man Remembers” situate themselves as historical subjects to relay the stories of protracted armed conflicts, political instability, and civilian causalities that occurred in the Indian state Nagaland during the years of insurgency. Hence, through careful analysis, this paper provides the relevance of transgenerational transmission of chosen trauma and the role of storytelling technique to preserve and transfer the endurance of the past through narratives.
The Battle of Belonging: A Study of Contemporary Shillong Poets
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, India, Basaiawmoit Amanda B. , Mangang Dr. Paonam Sudeep ,   Associate Professor & Head, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, India
Published: July 2022

The British colonialisation, the partition of India during independence, growing urbanization and increased human mobility led to the growth of migrant settlers belonging to a number of cultural, racial, ethnic and religious groups in the state of Meghalaya, particularly Shillong which is the state’s capital. These factors contributed to the transformation of the city into a multi-cultural centre. However, contradicting this development was the increased desire of the indigenous tribals of the state to exclude and otherise the non-tribal settlers by way of promoting the ‘sons of the soil’ policy. Though in the recent decades, statistics depicts (2011 census) more out-migration with a decreased share of the non-tribal to the state’s population, yet a perceived notion of increased in-migration was fed by the indigenous tribal belonging both to pressure groups and political parties leading to issues of insider-outsider the concept of belonging and un-belonging. Sigmund Freud and Abraham Maslow were the early psychologists who recognized that humans strive to belong. However, it was Roy Baumeister and Mark Leary’s seminal work “The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation” that contributed to the theoretical understandingof belonging. Belongingness in today’s multicultural society has become all the more relevant wherein the questions of belonging and un-belonging and the complex politics of belonging are issues that confront us. This in turn has led to ‘belonging’ emerging as a subject of interest and interrogation across multiple disciplines. The un-belonging felt by the people of the Northeast which results from their being ‘othered’ by their fellow Indian citizens of mainland India has been well documented but there is also a need to study how the same is reversed and how it is enacted and experienced in the context of the Northeast. This paper intends to analyse the select works of contemporary Shillong poets to depict how this otherisation and battle for belonging is enacted and experienced by the non-tribal settlers living in Shillong. In doing so, an attempt will be made to trace the complex working of the politics of belonging and how it manifests itself in present day Shillong.
From Anonymity to Identity: Orality in Three Women Poets from North-East India
Authors:   Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, (KIIT) Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Chatterjee Gourab , Roy Debanjali , Putatunda Tanmoy
Published: July 2022

The expression ‘North-East India’ invokes an ethnographic monolith in popular imagination without looking into its multilingual set-up, heterogeneous cultural locations and diverse literary traditions, most of which are unscripted, orally composed and community-specific. Orality, which appears to be a crucial tool to understand the nuances of the literary landscape of this region, assumes a dual role. On the one hand, it is stratified, textualised, homogenised and commodified by the global market. On the other hand, it becomes a tool to challenge anonymity and reclaim the roots of the people, who had been suffering from a rupture in identity since the advent of the colonial education system and the ever-growing dependence on written communication in the modern socio-economic structure. This paper, through a close reading of three women poets of North-East India – namely, Temsula Ao, Mamang Dai and Esther Syiem, explores the reclamation of identity through the use of traditional tales, formulaic composition and indigenised vocabulary in their poetry. It also argues how orality is constructed within the ambit of the written text using coloniser’s language thereby creating a space for cultural hybridity thus subverting the hierarchy between orality and writing.
The Anatomy of Peace: A Reading of How to Tell the Story of an Insurgency
Authors:   Department of English, Assam University, Silchar, Ray Abantika Dev
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to study the traumatic impact of violence in the late twentieth century Assam, caused primarily by the unresolved conflict between popular ethno-nationalist demands of an independent, ‘Swadhin’ Assam and retaliatory steps of the Centre. The short story anthology, How to Tell the Story of an Insurgency edited by Aruni Kashyap will be considered chiefly, to understand the deep-seated, sometimes ‘belated’ occurrence of trauma on people’s lives, which often resisted representation. Cathy Caruth argues that the belated occurrence of trauma may be linked to what remains unknown/unsaid in our actions and language. Robert Eaglestone mentions that our linguistic registers may prove inadequate to represent traumatic experiences. People’s trauma in Assam was worsened by the disciplinary actions imposed to restrain revolutionary acts. Foucault described ‘discipline’ as a “type of power, a modality for its exercise”. People lived in a panopticon, gradually becoming disillusioned about the cause. Between ideology and peace, they chose the latter. Thus, reading these polyphonic stories using the theoretical discourse of trauma will help to locate the phenomenon in the social, political and cultural history of Assam, to see how people emerged out of conflict by opting for relative peace.
Cultural Differences, Racism and Trauma: A Critical Analysis of Nicholas Kharkongor’s Axone: A Recipe for Disaster
Authors:   Department of Foreign Languages, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam., Bora Munmi
Published: July 2022

“How do people born and raised in one society manage to live in another society that is culturally different from the one they are used to?” (Sam & Berry, 2006, p. 3). This question is fundamental to the whole process of acculturation. When cultures come together there is always the possibility of conflict. But apart from conflict, processes like assimilation, integration, separation or marginalization are also there as the line separating different cultures is penetrable and not rigid. In this paper, an attempt shall be made to study these concepts and to some extent the problematic side of a globalized world and the related trauma the characters go through in a society culturally different from theirs in Nicholas Kharkongor’s film Axone: A Recipe for Disaster. Though the film is particularly about the Northeast migrants and the racism they faced, it also portrays the universal presence of such bigotry and prejudices that have infected the Northeastern communities as well. This paper is an attempt to understand the sufferings and the hostilities faced by the migrant groups that compel them to return to their ethnic roots. Does retreating to one’s enclosed shell a way out to avoid this conflict? Or is there a way out to establish a meaningful relationship and establish proper communication among people in an environment where different cultures reside together? A close reading of some particular incidents in the film will be done in an attempt to find an implicit solution to reconcile the differences.
Architecture without architects: Eavesdropping into the Reang House’s dialogue with its environment
Authors:   VIT, Vellore, India, Gupta Aritra
Published: July 2022

‘Vernacular Architecture’, according to Kingston Heath, represents a localized response to broad cultural systems, historical events, and environmentally determined regional forces, in short, an observable condition of dynamic cultural and environmental change and accommodation expressed in built form, whereby simultaneous identities exist (Heath 210). True to this spirit of a dialogue with the environment, it can also be defined as built form, or building techniques, that are distinctly indigenous, arise out of need and are driven primarily by materiality. The North-East of India, in particular Tripura, has a distinct cultural identity that also translates into its architectural style. Tribal architecture is highly risk resistant, bio-climatically sustainable and culturally relevant to the region. It is also very unique in its approach to overcome the site-specific restrictions that it is prone to. The social, cultural and ethnic significance that this style carries helps to define the architectural heritage of a region whose rich building traditions have not yet been investigated enough. This paper aims to look at an indigenous housing typology of Tripura- the Reang House, investigate it through the parameters pre-established for “Vernacular” architecture and dissect the socio-cultural implications of the same. The typology is examined through the lens of building climatology, technique, materiality, regional and social context, and cultural significance. The aim of this investigation is to again, define the typology and its relevance, given the region it is born out of and largely represents.
Food security risks in the context of a new global reality
Authors: Andrianova Elena V. , Davydenko Vladimir A. , Ushakova Yulia V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of modern challenges of global instability and socioeconomic reality in the context of the determinants of the situation, taken from the point of view of the security of rural areas of various countries of the world. The influence of such determinants as the COVID-19 pandemic and the conflict in Ukraine is considered. The COVID-19 pandemic has dealt a severe strike to the entire global economy due to the need for strict restrictive measures (quarantine, self-isolation, lockdown), which, as expected, is heading for the deepest recession in 2022-2023. The crisis caused by the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, followed by total sanctions against Russia, should, it seems, lead to quite strong detrimental consequences both in the food and agricultural sectors of these and other countries of the world. The relevance of the topic is connected with the fact that the traditional problems of risk and uncertainty have now received a special, existential sound all over the world. The purpose of the article is to try to understand and explain the comprehensive outcomes and trends that are caused by various risks of the new global reality for national security, including food security, based on statistical data and author’s forecast estimates. The tasks that are set and solved in the article: description of global risks of a very different nature — sanctions, trade, price, financial, energy, logistics, production, agricultural, food, humanitarian. The article is presented in the traditions of economic and sociological theories of the study of risks, trust and uncertainties, from the point of view of scientific approaches of structural functionalism, pragmatism and existentialism. The authors rely on statistics from the World Bank, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO). The presented risk analysis contributes to understanding the problem of food security risks in the context of a new global reality.
Formation and development of human capital of small towns in the Arctic in the sociological dimension
Authors: Silin Anatoly N. , Yudashkin Valentin A.
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the features of the formation and functioning of human capital based on the materials of sociological studies conducted by the authors in small towns of the Russian Arctic. Traditional sociological tools were used: mass surveys, focus groups, an in-depth survey of experts according to the developed author’s methods. As an opposition to the development of Arctic small towns, shift camps are considered, the functioning of which is currently complicated due to the pandemic and sanctions. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the situation associated with the formation of human capital in the aggregate of its three components (health capital, edu-cational and professional capital, cultural capital) in three regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (RF AZ): its European sector (the study was conducted in the Arkhangelsk region), West Siberian (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) and East Siberian (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug). Judging by experts’ assessments, the least favorable situation for the preservation and enhancement of human capital is developing in the territories of the European sector of the RF AZ, the most favorable situation is in Yamal.
Comparative analysis of turboshaft engines thermodynamic cycles calculation
Authors: Aksyonov Andrei N. , Puldas Lyudmila A.
Published: July 2022

A brief overview of domestic and foreign programs for calculating the thermodynamic cycle of the gas turbine engine operation is provided. The focus is on comparing GasTurb and Tyumen Motor Builders methods. Configuration files are provided for NASA Chemical Equilibrium with Applications program to calculate the thermodynamic properties of methane, air, and combustion products. The main provisions of the procedure for calculating thermal schemes of turboshaft engines are presented. Using the example of a three-shaft ship-type gas turbine engine UGT 15000, the potentials for increasing efficiency by 4-7% (abs.) and reducing CO2 emissions by 20% are shown due to the installation of an intercooler during compression of the working fluid. According to the results of comparison of GasTurb and Tyumen Motor Builders programs, the correspondence of the main parameters within the permissible measurement error is established. Based on published data on UGT 15000 (DG90), the parameters of the thermodynamic cycle were identified, including the polytropical efficiency of each node and cooling rates (ISO 2314). It has been shown that due to the isotermo-adiabatic cycle of V. V. Uvarov, already in the first approximation, without extreme parameters of the thermodynamic cycle, the characteristics of the V generation of the gas turbine engine can be implemented based on affordable and economical technologies of the II-IV generation (using equiaxed nickel superalloys, cyclone or convective-film cooling of high-pressure turbine vanes and blades). The Tyumen Motor Builders methodology program is open-source and has proven itself positively in the service-pack development for engines DG90/DN80/DU80 (III-IV generation) and the new ТМ16М2 engine construction.
Using elements of machine learning to solve the inverse problem of reconstructing the hydraulic conductivity field for a filtration problem
Authors: Kosyakov Vitaly P. , Legostaev Dmitry Yu.
Published: July 2022

In the modern world, machine learning methods are widely used. In the oil industry, there is also a noticeable trend to use these methods in the context of digitalization and intellectualization of the entire production process.

The present work is devoted to the development of a technique for solving the inverse problem of restoring the permeability field of an oil reservoir with the combined use of machine learning elements and a filtration model. A computational algorithm has been implemented, which implies close mutual integration of the filtration part and the machine learning block, the results of which are used to parameterize the physically meaningful model. A network of radial basis functions is used as a machine learning model. The proposed solution search procedure includes the numerical solution of the direct and adjoint problems for the filtration model. Solving the adjoint problem allows one to apply gradient optimization methods widely used in machine learning methods.

The paper presents the results of a numerical experiment. On the example of a symmetrical two-dimensional development element, a solution was obtained for the problem of restoring the permeability field for a set of zonal-heterogeneous oil reservoirs. For the reconstructed fields, the characteristic sizes of inhomogeneities coincide with the initial ones with sufficient accuracy. The fundamental possibility of a qualitative restoration of the porosity-permeability characteristics of the interwell space is shown, which is impossible when using classical interpolation methods without involving additional data. The paper studies the influence of the choice of the type of control parameter on the behavior of the objective function and its derivative, which affects the process of solving the inverse problem. As a result of the study, the use of hydrodynamic resistance as an adaptable parameter in solving the inverse problem is proposed.
The influence of some geometric parameters on heat transfer in axial cooling systems of electronic equipment made on the basis of split fins
Authors: Gabdullina Rozalia A. , Lopatin Alexey A. , Biktagirova Aigul R. , Terentiev Alexander A.
Published: July 2022

The active development of advanced digital technologies over the past 10 years has led to the formation of a new set of tasks related to ensuring the uninterrupted and predictable operation of electronic and electric power equipment. Thus, modern telecommunication and computer systems during their normal operation are characterized by significant heat release. One of the main problems of such systems, along with the observance of weight and size characteristics, is the provision of certain operating thermal conditions of the components in a wide range of external conditions. In such situations, passive and active systems with axial fins are very often used.

As a result of the work, experimental studies of heat transfer intensification under conditions of forced convection using split ribs were carried out and presented. The effectiveness of the use of split fins has been shown, during the experiment the most optimal geometric parameters of the working section and the corresponding operating characteristics have been identified. Based on the processing and analysis of experimental data, it was found that this method of intensification makes it possible to increase the intensity of heat transfer up to 64%, since the cutting of the ribs makes it possible to actively prevent the formation of a boundary layer and additionally turbulize the flow, which in turn favorably affects the thermal parameters of the entire system. The visualization of the heat transfer process was performed, which illustrates the active vortex flows formed during the flow around and separation from the edges of the rib of the oncoming coolant flow. The calculation of the thickness of the boundary layer near the split rib was made, in which it was found that for all investigated angles of rib bending γ, an increase in the Re number is characterized by a decrease in the thickness of the boundary layer in the entire range of thermal loads. In conclusion, a general assessment of the influence of geometric and regime parameters on the intensity of heat transfer with forced air supply was carried out.
Increasing the efficiency of the method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and its hardware design
Authors: Marysheva Marina A. , Nugmanov Albert Kh.-Kh. , Aleksanyan Igor Yu. , Shishkin Nikolay D. , Aleksanyan Artur I.
Published: July 2022

During the processing, storage and transportation of highly paraffinic oil, a negative role is played by asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, consisting of 85-95% of paraffin, which form on the inner walls of oil pipelines and represent a serious problem for the above processes, due to the difficulty of their dewaxing. The dewaxing process is the operation of removing solid hydrocarbon complexes from oil product fractions, which crystallize from a solution with a decrease in its temperature. Such hydrocarbons include high molecular weight paraffin and naphthenic complexes with long alkyl chains with normal and weakly branched structural organization. The aim of the study was to develop a rational method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and the design of an industrial dewaxer for obtaining technical paraffin, based on an assessment of the main design dimensional and technological parameters that affect this process. To improve the method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and determine its rational instrumentation, the design and technological parameters of a field oil dewaxes, the rate of formation and melting temperature, the crystallization temperature and heat of melting of deposits, loss of thermal energy, density characteristics of oil, asphalt-resin-paraffin substances, as well as their mixtures. The choice of design solutions and structural materials for the manufacture of the dewaxes was carried out taking into account their rigidity, that is, the ability to prevent external influences during deformations that do not reduce their performance. It should be noted that the effectiveness of the proposed technical solutions is additionally confirmed by the assessment of the technical and economic indicators of the designed oil dewaxes. Thus, the scientific and technical task of developing original and improving existing technological methods that make it possible to obtain a high paraffin fraction, including original design solutions for the implementation of these procedures, is relevant, especially when simplifying, reducing the cost of technology and improving the environmental safety of oil production.
Hydrodynamic modeling of laboratory experiments related to oil displacement with thermopolymer solution
Authors: Stepanov Anatoliy V. , Zubareva Irina A. , Volgin Evgeniy R.
Published: July 2022

Microscaled modeling of laboratory experiments, which needs adaptation a number of parameters of numerical model of a composite kern building, uses for the applying results of flowing laboratory experiments in sector and full hydrodynamic models of occurrences. Adaptation of parameters of numerical kern model shall be carried out at reproduction measured variables of flowing experiments. Moreover, there are uncertainties of filtration and capacitance properties related to heterogeneity of kern samples and instability of heated polymer’ displacement front. Iteration algorithm is developed and implemented in this article. Algorithm provides adapting of series synthetic hydrodynamic models of laboratory experiments. At the first adapting step the whole range of uncertainties of a series of laboratory experiments is taken into account. Minimization of number of variable parameters and model’ adaptation error realizes on all iteration steps. To increase the reliability of adaptation, the spectrum of 1D models is supplements with synthetic 3D models with stochastic distribution of heterogeneity in porosity and permeability. This process allows take processes of filtration in polymer adsorption conditions and heterogeneity of collector properties into account more fully while modeling. In addition, it can help to specify variable parameters with scaling on different numerical grids. Developed algorithm tested on heated polymer’ displacement experiments, determination of the relative phase permeability as a function of temperature. Decreased uncertainties of variable parameters, which are relative phase permeability as a function of concentration of polymer solution, residual resistance factor, dependence of the viscosity of the polymer solution on the shear rate, is the results of method’s application. Then these results transfers to the adaptation process of sector and full hydrodynamic models.
Primitivo Hernández-Sampelayo (1880−1959): Paleozoic ironstones and fossils
Authors: Rábano Isabel , Gutiérrez-Marco Juan Carlos
Published: July 2022

The mining engineer Primitivo Hernández-Sampelayo was one of the most relevant figures in the study of the Spanish Paleozoic since Lucas Mallada’s time. After a few years working in mining companies, he entered the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain in 1914, where he worked until his retirement in 1950. The results of his studies are the large monographs on Paleozoic sedimentary ironstones (the one devoted to Galicia, 1922–1935, was published in four volumes with a total of 1,813 pp.), or the explanations to the geological map of Spain at a 1:1,000,000 scale (Cambrian System, 1934, 240 pp.; Silurian System –Ordovician included–, 1942, 848 pp.). In addition to other contributions on mineral raw materials, his papers include numerous Paleozoic regional studies, maps for the first cartographic series at a 1:50,000 scale and, above all, regional and systematic paleontological works. The latter were dedicated to Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian trilobites, graptolites, cephalopods, archaeocyathids and ichnofossils, as well as to Carboniferous mollusks. His interest in the Paleozoic and the geology of northwestern Spain were the main subjects of his reception at the Royal Academy of Sciences of Spain (1934: Geology of Galicia) and of the inaugural address of the 1953/54 course at the same institution (Paleozoic marine life. Fossil remains). A monograph on Spanish  graptolites was published in 1960 as a posthumous paper of the author. To the research work of Hernández-Sampelayo we must add his personal interest to form a museum to exhibit the mineralogical, paleontological and petrological diversity of Spain. As a result of his know-how, he established the current  Geominero Museum in the great hall of the headquarters of the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain, where it was held the XIV International Geological Congress of 1926.
The elemental sulfur ore deposit of Salmerón: Las Minas de Hellín basin (Late Miocene, SE Spain)
Authors: García-Veigas Javier , Gimeno Domingo , Pineda Victoriano , Cendón Dionisio I. , Sánchez-Román Mónica , Artiaga David , Bembibre Gemma
Published: July 2022

Strata-bound elemental sulfur deposits occur in different circum-Mediterranean Miocene sedimentary successions containing evaporites and high amounts of organic matter. It is widely known that bacterial sulfate reduction processes are the triggering mechanisms involved in the origin of hydrogen sulfide and the subsequent native sulfur. However, in most of these sedimentary successions, there is controversy over whether elemental sulfur formed in the basin floor, as the same time as the sediments (biosyngenetic), or later, during diagenesis (bioepigenetic). Las Minas de Hellín basin, in the SE Spain, contains one of the largest elemental sulfur deposits in Europe. Based on data recovered from mining company (1903 -1960) and a borehole campaign performed by MINERSA between 1987 and 1988, two native sulfur ore bodies are recognized. The upper sulfur body is hosted by carbonates and diatom-rich levels, whereas the lower sulfur body, only exploited in underground mines now closed, is hosted by gypsum. This work shows a petrological and geochemical study of core samples from the upper sulfur body in the Salmerón area (Murcia), 500 m west of the widely exploited area of Las Minas de Hellín (Albacete). In Salmerón, elemental sulfur occurs as pseudomorphs after primary sedimentary gypsum as well as filling fractures and bed joints. The elemental sulfur replacement is also related to calcification and silicification of the sedimentary biomediated dolomite. The mineralization is considered bioepigenetic formed during early diagenesis. Contribution from hydrothermal waters circulating through adjacent faults are not ruled out.
EL ROL Y FUNCIÓN DEL INTERÉS SOCIAL EN LAS SOCIEDADES ANÓNIMAS ABIERTAS CON ESTRUCTURAS CONCENTRADAS DE PROPIEDAD. UNA PROPUESTA DOGMÁTICA
Authors:   Universidad Santo Tomás, Colman Vega Luis
Published: July 2022

La sociedad anónima es un tipo social en que confluyen una multiplicidad de intereses de diversa índole y que, en virtud de la particular realidad empresarial chilena, posee una clara estructura concentrada de propiedad, cuestión que le permite a determinados accionistas hacerse con el control de la compañía y dirigirla. Como consecuencia de esto surgen los conocidos como problemas de agencia, los que afectan los intereses de los accionistas minoritarios, e incluso, de la propia sociedad. En ese contexto que el interés social se ha instalado por la normativa vigente como un elemento delimitador y direccionante del actuar de la gestión social que ha servido como corrector de aquellos problemas de agencia. Sin embargo y pese a existir profusa literatura sobre su concepto, no se ha cuestionado su rol dentro del sistema de las sociedades anónimas con concentración de propiedad, como son las que abundan en el sistema corporativo nacional, de forma que, sin perjuicio de que el presente trabajo propugna una postura respecto de temas clásicos como la concepción que llena de contenido al interés social, también se aboca a otros tópicos menos tratados, como su naturaleza jurídica y función, sosteniendo al efecto que este instituto toma el lugar de un principio rector de este tipo de sociedades anónimas.
LA EXIGENCIA DEL SOLVE ET REPETE PARA EJERCER ACCIONES CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVAS ESPECIALES: PRIVILEGIO PROCESAL AÚN VIGENTE EN NUESTRO ORDENAMIENTO JURÍDICO
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Quezada Vidal Álvaro
Published: July 2022

En este trabajo se explicarán las nociones básicas del solve et repete, dando a conocer los casos en los que está vigente esta exigencia establecida por el legislador ante el ejercicio de acciones especiales de carácter contencioso administrativas, expresando lo que ha señalado al respecto tanto el Tribunal Constitucional como la doctrina especializada, y exponiendo finalmente las razones por las cuales debe ser erradicada de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, considerando especialmente el derecho de los justiciables de tener un efectivo acceso a la justicia.