bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 and CGA009 with different agricultural applications on rice growth and rhizosphere bacterial communities
Authors: Luo Luyun , Wang Pei , Zhai Zhongying , Su Pin , Tan Xinqiu , Zhang Deyong , Zhang Zhuo , Liu Yong
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the photosynthetic bacteria have been used widely in agriculture, but the effects of different agricultural applications on crop rhizosphere microorganism and crops are lack. In this study, we provide new insights into the structure and composition of the rice root-associated microbiomes as well as the effect on crop of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris(R. palustris) PSB06 and CGA009 at the rice seedling stage with seed immersion and root irrigation. Compare with CK group, the length of stem, the peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in PSB06 treatment group was significantly higher, while the length of stem in CGA009 treatment group was significantly higher. The POD and SOD activities in CGA009 treatment groups only were higher slightly than the CK group. In the study, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (51.95–61.66%), Bacteroidetes (5.40–9.39%), Acidobacteria (4.50–10.52%), Actinobacteria (5.06–8.14%), Planctomycetes (2.90–4.48%), Chloroflexi (2.23–5.06%) and Firmicutes (2.38–7.30%), accounted for 87% bacterial sequences. The principal coordinate analysis (pCoA) and mantel results showed the two application actions of R. palustris CGA009 and PSB06 had significant effects on rice rhizosphere bacterial communities (p < 0.05). The PSB06 can significantly promote the rice growth and enhance stress resistance of rice at the seedling stage, while the R. palustris CGA009 has no significant effect on rice. Dissimilarity test and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) results showed that the TN and pH were the key factors affecting rice rhizosphere bacterial community in the seedling stage. This study will provide some guidance advices for the study of the microecological regulation of photosynthetic bacteria on crops.
XszenFHal, a novel tryptophan 5-halogenase from Xenorhabdus szentirmaii
Authors: Domergue Jérémy , Erdmann Diane , Fossey-Jouenne Aurélie , Petit Jean-Louis , Debard Adrien , de Berardinis Véronique , Vergne-Vaxelaire Carine , Zaparucha Anne
Published: October 2019

Flavin-dependent halogenases (FHals) catalyse the halogenation of electron-rich substrates, mainly aromatics. Halogenated compounds have many applications, as pharmaceutical, agrochemicals or as starting materials for the synthesis of complex molecules. By exploring the sequenced bacterial diversity, we discovered and characterized XszenFHal, a novel FHal from Xenorhabdus szentirmaii, a symbiotic bacterium of entomopathogenic nematode. The substrate scope of XszenFHal was examined and revealed activities towards tryptophan, indole and indole derivatives, leading to the formation of the corresponding 5-chloro products. XszenFHal makes a valuable addition to the panel of flavin-dependent halogenases already discovered and enriches the potential for biotechnology applications by allowing access to 5-halogenated indole derivatives.
Large volume infusions of hydroxyethyl starch during cardiothoracic surgery may be associated with postoperative kidney injury: propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Matsunaga Wataru , Sanui Masamitsu , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Kobayashi Yasuma , Kitajima Asuka , Yanase Fumitaka , Takisawa Yutaka , Lefor Alan Kawarai
Published: October 2019

Background

The safety of intraoperative administration of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) has been debated. We hypothesized that intraoperative use of HES is associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Materials and methods

Patients who underwent cardiothoracic surgery using CPB between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The incidence of AKI within 7 days after surgery, defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome criteria, was compared for patients who did or did not receive 6% (70/0.5) or 6% (130/0.4) HES for anesthesia management before or after CPB. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity matching analysis were performed to examine whether use of HES is associated with postoperative AKI. Outcomes comparing patients receiving HES ≥ 1000 mL and < 1000 mL were also compared.

Results

Data from 1976 patients were reviewed. All patients received 70/0.5 HES as a part of the priming solution for CPB. The incidence of postoperative AKI was 28.2% in patients who received HES and 26.0% in patients who did not (p = 0.33). In multivariable analysis, there was no correlation between the use of HES and the incidence of AKI (odds ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.30–2.58, p = 0.81). Propensity matching showed that the incidence of AKI was not significantly different between 481 patients administered with HES and 962 patients (26.6% vs. 26.9%, p = 0.95) who did not receive HES for anesthesia management. However, peak creatinine levels, needed for renal replacement therapy, and in-hospital mortality were higher, and 28-day hospital-free days were lower in patients receiving HES ≥ 1000 mL than those receiving HES < 1000 mL (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Intraoperative use of HES was not associated with postoperative AKI following CPB. However, administration of large volumes of HES may be associated with kidney-related adverse clinical outcomes.
Correction to: What are the effective solutions to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Goulas Anaïs , Livoreil Barbara , Grall Nathalie , Benoit Pierre , Couderc-Obert Céline , Dagot Christophe , Patureau Dominique , Petit Fabienne , Laouénan Cédric , Andremont Antoine
Published: October 2019

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that wrong website were hyperlinked in the “Methods” section of the paper. The article has been updated and the links have been removed.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin and novel antibody-drug conjugates in clinical trials for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yu Bo , Liu Delong
Published: October 2019

Targeted agents are increasingly used for the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is the first antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) approved for induction therapy of AML. When used in fractionated doses, GO combined with the conventional cytarabine/anthracycline-based induction chemotherapy significantly improves the outcome of previously untreated AML patients. Single-agent GO is effective and safe for AML patient ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Multiple combination regimens incorporating GO have also been recommended as potential alternative options. In addition, several novel ADCs targeting CD33, CD123 and CLL-1 are currently undergoing preclinical or early clinical investigations. In this review, we summarized the efficacy and limitations of GO as well as novel ADCs for adult AML patients.
Avian influenza virus surveillance in migratory birds in Egypt revealed a novel reassortant H6N2 subtype
Authors: Zanaty Ali M. , Erfan Ahmed M. , Mady Wessam H. , Amer Fatma , Nour Ahmed A. , Rabie Neveen , Samy Mohamed , Selim Abdullah A. , Hassan Wafaa M. M. , Naguib Mahmoud M.
Published: October 2019

Background

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been identified from more than 100 different species of wild birds around the globe. Wild migratory birds can act as potential spreaders for AIVs to domestic birds between different countries. Egypt is situated on important migratory flyways for wild birds between different continents. While much is known about circulation of zoonotic potential H5N1 and H9N2 AIVs in domestic poultry in Egypt, little is known about the pivotal role of migratory birds in the maintenance and transmission of the viruses in Egypt.

Methods

Targeted AIV surveillance has been conducted in 2017 in different wetlands areas in Northern and Eastern Egypt.

Results

AIV of subtype H5 was detected in two bird species. In addition, a novel reassortant strain of the H6N2 subtype was identified which reveals the continuous risk of new influenza virus(es) introduction into Egypt. This novel virus possesses a reassortant pattern originating from different AIV gene pools.

Conclusions

Intervention control strategies should be performed to minimize the possible contact of domestic birds with wild birds to lower the risk of virus transmission at this interface. In addition, constant monitoring of AIVs in migratory birds is essential in the early detection of influenza virus introduction into Egypt.
Transdermal delivery of Minoxidil using HA-PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment in alopecia
Authors: Jeong Woo Yeup , Kim Sodam , Lee So Yun , Lee Hyeseon , Han Dong Wook , Yang Seung Yun , Kim Ki Su
Published: October 2019

Background

Alopecia has become a very common disease that many people around the world are suffered. Minoxidil (MXD) is the most well-known commercialized drug in its treatment. However, in the case of MXD administration, there are some problems with low efficiency of transdermal delivery and additional side effects.

Method

MXD and Rhodamine B (Rho B) are encapsulated in poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide) grafted hyaluronate nanoparticles (HA-PLGA/MXD NPs, HA-PLGA/Rho B NPs) which is prepared with W/O/W solvent evaporation method. After then, the investigation is carried out to confirm the feasibility of NPs in alopecia treatment.

Results

Both of HA-PLGA/MXD NPs and HA-PLGA/Rho B NPs are successfully prepared. In addition, it is confirmed that HA-PLGA NPs sufficiently delivered to cells without any significant cytotoxicity by cell viability, cellular uptake and skin permeation test.

Conclusion

Taken together, HA-PLGA NPs as a transdermal delivery carrier to hair follicle cells can be exploited to develop the efficient and effective platform of transdermal drug delivery for the treatment of various diseases.
Quantitative and structural analysis of isotopically labelled natural crosslinks in type I skin collagen using LC-HRMS and SANS
Authors: Zhang Yi , Naffa Rafea , Garvey Christopher J. , Maidment Catherine A. , Prabakar Sujay
Published: October 2019

Collagen structure in biological tissues imparts its intrinsic physical properties by the formation of several covalent crosslinks. For the first time, two major crosslinks in the skin dihydroxylysinonorleucine (HLNL) and histidinohydroxymerodesmosine (HHMD), were isotopically labelled and then analysed by liquid-chromatography high-resolution accurate-mass mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The isotopic labelling followed by LC-HRMS confirmed the presence of one imino group in both HLNL and HHMD, making them more susceptible to degrade at low pH. The structural changes in collagen due to extreme changes in the pH and chrome tanning were highlighted by the SANS contrast variation between isotopic labelled and unlabelled crosslinks. This provided a better understanding of the interaction of natural crosslinks with the chromium sulphate in collagen suggesting that the development of a benign crosslinking method can help retain the intrinsic physical properties of the leather. This analytical method can also be applied to study artificial crosslinking in other collagenous tissues for biomedical applications.

Graphical abstract
LyoPRONTO: an Open-Source Lyophilization Process Optimization Tool
Authors: Shivkumar Gayathri , Kazarin Petr S. , Strongrich Andrew D. , Alexeenko Alina A.
Published: October 2019

This work presents a new user-friendly lyophilization simulation and process optimization tool, freely available under the name LyoPRONTO. This tool comprises freezing and primary drying calculators, a design-space generator, and a primary drying optimizer. The freezing calculator performs 0D lumped capacitance modeling to predict the product temperature variation with time which shows reasonably good agreement with experimental measurements. The primary drying calculator performs 1D heat and mass transfer analysis in a vial and predicts the drying time with an average deviation of 3% from experiments. The calculator is also extended to generate a design space over a range of chamber pressures and shelf temperatures to predict the most optimal setpoints for operation. This optimal setpoint varies with time due to the continuously varying product resistance and is taken into account by the optimizer which provides varying chamber pressure and shelf temperature profiles as a function of time to minimize the primary drying time and thereby, the operational cost. The optimization results in 62% faster primary drying for 5% mannitol and 50% faster primary drying for 5% sucrose solutions when compared with typical cycle conditions. This optimization paves the way for the design of the next generation of lyophilizers which when coupled with accurate sensor networks and control systems can result in self-driving freeze dryers.
Defects in mating behavior and tail morphology are the primary cause of sterility in C. elegans males at high temperature
Authors: Nett Emily M. , Sepulveda Nicholas B. , Petrella Lisa N.
Published: October 2019

Reproduction is a fundamental imperative of all forms of life. For all the advantages sexual reproduction confers, it has a deeply conserved flaw: it is temperature sensitive. As temperatures rise, fertility decreases. Across species male fertility is particularly sensitive to elevated temperature. Previously we have shown in the model nematode C. elegans, that all males are fertile at 20°C, but almost all males have lost fertility at 27°C. Male fertility is dependent on the production of functional sperm, successful mating and transfer of sperm, and successful fertilization post-mating. To determine how male fertility is impacted by elevated temperature, we analyzed these aspects of male reproduction at 27°C in three wild-type strains of C. elegans: JU1171, LKC34, and N2. We found no effect of elevated temperature on the number of immature non-motile spermatids formed. There was only a weak effect of elevated temperature on sperm activation. In stark contrast, there was a strong effect of elevated temperature on male mating behavior, male tail morphology, and sperm transfer such that males very rarely completed mating successfully when exposed to 27°C. Therefore, we propose a model where elevated temperature reduces male fertility due to the negative impacts of temperature on the somatic tissues necessary for mating. Loss of successful mating at elevated temperature overrides any effects that temperature may have on the germline or sperm cells.
An amino-acid mixture can be both rewarding and punishing to larval Drosophila
Authors: Toshima Naoko , Kantar Weigelt Melisa , Weiglein Aliće , Boetzl Fabian A. , Gerber Bertram
Published: October 2019

Amino acids are important nutrients for animals because they are necessary for protein synthesis in particular during growth, as well as for neurotransmission. However, little is known about how animals use past experience to guide their search for amino-acid-rich food. We reasoned that the larvae of Drosophila melanogaster are suitable for investigating this topic because they are the feeding and growth stages in the life cycle of these holometabolous insects. Specifically, we investigated whether experiencing an odour with a 20-amino-acid mixture as a semi-natural tastant during training establishes odour-tastant associative memories. Across a broad concentration range (0.01-20 mM), such an amino-acid mixture was found to have a rewarding effect, establishing appetitive memory for the odour. To our surprise, however, manipulation of the test conditions revealed that relatively high concentrations of the amino-acid mixture (3.3 mM and higher) in addition establish aversive memory for the odour. Both these oppositely-valenced memories we then characterized in terms of their dependency on the number of training trials, their temporal stability, their modulation through starvation, and the specific changes in locomotion underlying them. Collectively, and in the light of what is known about the neuronal organization of odour-food memory in larval Drosophila, our data suggest that these memories are established in parallel. We discuss the similarity of our results to what has been reported for sodium chloride, and the possible neurogenetic bases for concentration-dependent changes in valence when these tastants are used as reinforcers.
Thermal stress causes DNA damage and mortality in a tropical insect
Authors: Lubawy Jan , Daburon Virginie , Chowański Szymon , Słocińska Małgorzata , Colinet Hervé
Published: October 2019

Cold tolerance is considered an important factor determining geographic distribution of insects. We've previously shown that despite tropical origin, cockroach Gromphadorinha coquereliana is capable of surviving exposures to cold. However, freezing tolerance of this species had not yet been examined. Low temperature is known to alter membranes integrity in insects but whether chilling or freezing compromises DNA integrity remains a matter of speculation. In the present study, we subjected the G. coquereliana adults to freezing to determine their supercooling point (SCP) and evaluated whether the cockroaches were capable of surviving partial and complete freezing. Next, we conducted single cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE) to determine whether heat, cold and freezing altered haemocytes DNA integrity. The SCP of this species was high and around -4.76°C, which is within typical range of freezing-tolerant species. Most cockroaches survived one day after partial ice formation (20% mortality), but died progressively in the next few days after cold stress (70% mortality after 4 days). One day after complete freezing, most insects died (70% mortality), and after 4 days, 90% of them had succumbed. The SCGE assays showed substantial level of DNA damage in haemocytes. When cockroaches were heat-stressed, the level of DNA damage was similar to that observed in the freezing treatment; though all heat-stressed insects survived. The study shows that G. coquereliana can surprisingly be considered as moderately freezing-tolerant species, and for first time that extreme low temperature stress can affect DNA integrity, suggesting that this cockroach may possess an efficient DNA repair system.
Voiding profile in recipients post renal transplant: A prospective observational study
Authors: Parikesit Dyandra , Wicaksono Indra , Tawfid Muhamad Iqbal , Widia Fina , Rahardjo Harrina Erlianti
Published: October 2019

Background: Renal transplantation (RTX) is thought to have high survival rates. However, patients with long-term dialysis have decreased bladder function due to disuse. High urine production after RTX surgery might cause patients to have urinary symptoms, thus decreasing their quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate voiding characteristics of patients after RTX surgery.

Methods: All patients were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and underwent kidney transplantation from a living donor. Anthropometric parameters, physical examinations, cause of CKD, daily urine production, types and duration of dialysis, and basic laboratory examination were collected before transplant surgery. Post-operative examinations included laboratory examination, international prostate symptom score (IPSS; for male patients only), overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), uroflowmetry, and post void residue (PVR).

Results: 71 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 46 ± 17.9 years, with male and female ratio of 52:19. Significant negative correlation was seen between duration of dialysis and daily urine production (r: -0.68, p<0.01). Majority of patients had a maximum flow rate of >15 cc/s (70.4 %) with average flow of 22 ± 9.8 cc/s. The majority of patients had PVR <100 cc (91.5%) with median PVR of 33.5 cc (range, 2.3 – 142 cc). IPSS result showed that frequency [2 (0 – 5)] and nocturia [2 (0 – 5)] are the main problem in these patients (n = 52). OABSS questionnaire also showed that frequency (OABSS 1; score 1 [1-2]) and nocturia (OABSS 2; score 2 [0-3]) was the main symptoms reported by patients.

Conclusion: After RTX, the majority of patients experienced urinary frequency and nocturia problems due to various causes such as increased daytime and nighttime urine production, urinary tract infection, changes in bladder capacity (both small and large), and a decrease in bladder compliance.
Empanelment: A foundational component of primary health care
Authors: Bearden Trudy , Ratcliffe Hannah L. , Sugarman Jonathan R. , Bitton Asaf , Anaman Leonard Abbam , Buckle Gilbert , Cham Momodou , Chong Woei Quan Diane , Ismail Fatanah , Jargalsaikhan Badarch , Lim Wujung , Mohammad Nik Mazlina , Morrison Isaac C.N. , Norov Bolormaa , Oh Juhwan , Riimaadai Gandiimaa , Sararaks Sondi , Hirschhorn Lisa R.
Published: October 2019

Empanelment is a foundational strategy for building or improving primary health care systems and a critical pathway for achieving effective universal health coverage. However, there is little international guidance for defining empanelment or understanding how to implement empanelment systems in low- and middle-income countries. To fill this gap, a multi-country collaborative within the Joint Learning Network for Universal Health Coverage developed this empanelment overview, proposing a people-centered definition of empanelment that reflects the responsibility to proactively deliver primary care services to all individuals in a target population. This document, building on existing literature on empanelment and representing input from 10 countries, establishes standard concepts of empanelment and describes why and how empanelment is used. Finally, it identifies key domains that may influence effective empanelment and that must be considered in deciding how empanelment can be implemented. This document is designed to be a useful resource for health policymakers, planners and decision-makers in ministries of health, as well as front line providers of primary care service delivery who are working to ensure quality people-centered primary care to everyone everywhere.
Management of intracranial tuberculous mass lesions: how long should we treat for?
Authors: Marais Suzaan , Van Toorn Ronald , Chow Felicia C. , Manesh Abi , Siddiqi Omar K. , Figaji Anthony , Schoeman Johan F. , Meintjes Graeme ,   Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium
Published: October 2019

Tuberculous intracranial mass lesions are common in settings with high tuberculosis (TB) incidence and HIV prevalence. The diagnosis of such lesions, which include tuberculoma and tuberculous abscesses, is often presumptive and based on radiological features, supportive evidence of TB elsewhere and response to TB treatment. However, the treatment response is unpredictable, with lesions frequently enlarging paradoxically or persisting for many years despite appropriate TB treatment and corticosteroid therapy. Most international guidelines recommend a 9-12 month course of TB treatment for central nervous system TB when the infectingMycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb) strain is sensitive to first-line drugs. However, there is variation in opinion and practice with respect to the duration of TB treatment in patients with tuberculomas or tuberculous abscesses. A major reason for this is the lack of prospective clinical trial evidence. Some experts suggest continuing treatment until radiological resolution of enhancing lesions has been achieved, but this may unnecessarily expose patients to prolonged periods of potentially toxic drugs. It is currently unknown whether persistent radiological enhancement of intracranial tuberculomas after 9-12 months of treatment represents active disease, inflammatory response in a sterilized lesion or merely revascularization. The consequences of stopping TB treatment prior to resolution of lesional enhancement have rarely been explored. These important issues were discussed at the 3rdInternational Tuberculous Meningitis Consortium meeting. Most clinicians were of the opinion that continued enhancement does not necessarily represent treatment failure and that prolonged TB therapy was not warranted in patients presumably infected withM.tbstrains susceptible to first-line drugs. In this manuscript we highlight current medical treatment practices, benefits and disadvantages of different TB treatment durations and the need for evidence-based guidelines regarding the treatment duration of patients with intracranial tuberculous mass lesions.
Recent Developments in Tuberculous Meningitis Pathogenesis and Diagnostics
Authors: Cresswell Fiona V , Davis Angharad G. , Sharma Kusum , Basu Roy Robindra , Ganiem Ahmad Rizal , Kagimu Enock , Solomons Regan , Wilkinson Robert J. , Bahr Nathan C , Thuong Nguyen Thuy Thuong ,   Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium
Published: October 2019

The pathogenesis of Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is poorly understood, but contemporary molecular biology technologies have allowed for recent improvements in our understanding of TBM. For instance, neutrophils appear to play a significant role in the immunopathogenesis of TBM, and either a paucity or an excess of inflammation can be detrimental in TBM. Further, severity of HIV-associated immunosuppression is an important determinant of inflammatory response; patients with the advanced immunosuppression (CD4+ T-cell count of <150 cells/μL) having higher CSF neutrophils, greater CSF cytokine concentrations and higher mortality than those with CD4+ T-cell counts > 150 cells/μL. Host genetics may also influence outcomes with LT4AH genotype predicting inflammatory phenotype, steroid responsiveness and survival in Vietnamese adults with TBM. Whist in Indonesia, CSF tryptophan level was a predictor of survival, suggesting tryptophan metabolism may be important in TBM pathogenesis. These varying responses mean that we must consider whether a “one-size-fits-all” approach to anti-bacillary or immunomodulatory treatment in TBM is truly the best way forward. Of course, to allow for proper treatment, early and rapid diagnosis of TBM must occur. Diagnosis has always been a challenge but the field of TB diagnosis is evolving, with sensitivities of at least 70% now possible in less than two hours with GeneXpert MTB/Rif Ultra. In addition, advanced molecular techniques such as CRISPR-MTB and metagenomic next generation sequencing may hold promise for TBM diagnosis. Host-based biomarkers and signatures are being further evaluated in childhood and adult TBM as adjunctive biomarkers as even with improved molecular assays, cases are still missed. A better grasp of host and pathogen behaviour may lead to improved diagnostics, targeted immunotherapy, and possibly biomarker-based, patient-specific treatment regimens.
Checklists to guide the supportive and critical care of tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Donovan Joseph , Rohlwink Ursula K. , Tucker Elizabeth W. , Hiep Nguyen Thi Thu , Thwaites Guy E. , Figaji Anthony A. ,   Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium
Published: October 2019

The assessment and management of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is often complex, yet no standardised approach exists, and evidence for the clinical care of patients, including those with critical illness, is limited. The roles of proformas and checklists are increasing in medicine; proformas provide a framework for a thorough approach to patient care, whereas checklists offer a priority-based approach that may be applied to deteriorating patients in time-critical situations.

We aimed to develop a comprehensive assessment proforma and an accompanying ‘priorities’ checklist for patients with TBM, with the overriding goal being to improve patient outcomes. The proforma outlines what should be asked, checked, or tested at initial evaluation and daily inpatient review to assist supportive clinical care for patients, with an adapted list for patients in critical care. It is accompanied by a supporting document describing why these points are relevant to TBM. Our priorities checklist offers a useful and easy reminder of important issues to review during a time-critical period of acute patient deterioration. The benefit of these documents to patient outcomes would require investigation; however, we hope they will promote standardisation of patient assessment and care, particularly of critically unwell individuals, in whom morbidity and mortality remains unacceptably high.
Accounting and analysis
Authors: Акатьева Марина , Akateva Marina , Бирюков Владимир , Biryukov Vladimir
Published: October 2019

The textbook covers the entire range of accounting and analysis, taking into account the existing regulations. The publication is structured in such a way that the student could not only understand the essence of accounting and economic analysis, but also develop practical skills of accounting and economic analysis of organizations.
The third edition of the textbook reflects the latest changes in the regulatory and legislative nature, including the latest innovations in the order of submission of annual financial statements by economic entities. Special attention is paid to the methodology of integrated economic analysis of the organization.
The presentation of the material is illustrated by structural and logical schemes, generalizing analytical tables and many practical examples. To consolidate the knowledge at the end of each Chapter are questions for self-control and tasks in the test form.
The textbook is aimed at bachelors studying in the direction of training 38.03.01 "Economics" of all profiles, graduate students, teachers of economic universities, specialists of economic and financial services organizations, auditors.
The Vietnam Central Coastline and the Emergent Nguyễn State, c. 1500-1700: Port, Coastline, Hinterland Interrelations
Authors: Sprey Ilicia J.
Published: October 2019

This study, building upon earlier works published from 2011 to the present, focuses on sixteenth through eighteenth century Cochinchina’s upstream-downstream networked relations and how they contributed to the re-development of the region’s economy and consequently its political and social development, with particular emphasis on its coastal ports and related trade under the Nguyễn. These relations revolve around tightly connected interactions among diverse groups including long-term resident diasporic Fujian merchant communities, newly introduced Chan Buddhist monks, maritime-based Chinese pro-Ming piratical syndicates, local Cham raiding cohorts, and the alien Nguyễn clan who in 1600 claimed political authority over the Vietnamese littoral’s central coastal region (Trung Bộ) and extended central lands (Miền Trung). The partnerships the Nguyễn established with each of these groups (merchants, monks, pirates, upstream and downstream multiethnic communities) enabled the major ports of Đà Năng, and particularly, of Hội An, to thrive and produce the income needed to support both the Nguyễn bureaucracy and its military conquest of the southern third of the littoral. Over the course of the seventeenth and into the eighteenth centuries, the Nguyễn co-opted the cultural, spiritual, and maritime-based power and influence exercised by each of each these groups in an initial effort to fulfill its dynastic ambitions that remained unfulfilled until 1802. This work moves beyond other regional studies by using the approach proposed in Michael Pearson’s writings regarding the Indian Ocean ports-of-trade littoral and extending them eastward, to the further edges of the Indian Ocean borderless world, and applying them to the complex interactions of the Vietnamese littoral populations-coastal urban and hinterland - as they contributed to the development of the central Vietnamese littoral’s ports-of-trade and of Nguyễn authority and power in this era.
Pamięć i trauma
Authors: Wasiak Katarzyna
Published: October 2019

Memory and Trauma: Contemporary Interpretations of the 1992‑1995 War among the Youth of Bosnian‑Muslim

For Bosnia and Herzegovina, the 1990s were a period of changes due to war. Transformations occurred not only in the political area, but also in the social one. A multicultural region, Bosnia and Herzegovina was suddenly transformed into isolated enclaves. In fact, this separation is maintained by war trauma, which remains in the social consciousness and regulates ethnic relations in the state.
Efeitos do Pilates na qualidade do sono em adultos e idosos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Lins Filho Ozeas de Lima de , Queiroz Georgia Kelly Ferreira de , Santos Jefferson Felipe Julião , Santos Marcos André Moura dos , Oliveira Luciano Machado Ferreira Tenório de , Farah Breno Quintella
Published: October 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi sintetizar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, os efeitos do Pilates na qualidade de sono em adultos e idosos. Para tanto, recorreu-se à revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos que analisaram os efeitos do Pilates na qualidade do sono, publicados em periódicos indexados na base de dados do PubMed/Medline, LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e SCOPUS publicados até 2019. Foram incluídos oito estudos nesta revisão, totalizando 608 participantes de 18 a 64 anos de idade. Dentre os estudos, três incluíram idosos na amostra. Os protocolos dos programas variaram de 4 a 16 semanas, com 2 a 3 sessões semanais, com duração média de 120 a 180 minutos de atividade por semana. A quantidade de exercícios variou de 13 a 15 exercícios, realizados em 1 ou 2 séries, com 8 a 12 repetições, trabalhando o controle da respiração. Todos os estudos utilizaram o Mat Pilates como forma de intervenção e avaliaram a qualidade do sono com questionário Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ou da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESS). Foi observado nestes estudos uma melhora do PSQI com base no aumento da eficiência e qualidade geral do sono e redução na latência do sono, bem como uma redução no escore da ESS após as intervenções. Os resultados reportados indicaram que o programa de Mat Pilates promoveu melhoria na qualidade do sono de adultos e idosos.
Optimal Exploration–Exploitation in a Multi-armed Bandit Problem with Non-stationary Rewards
Authors: Besbes Omar , Gur Yonatan , Zeevi Assaf
Published: October 2019

In a multi-armed bandit problem, a gambler needs to choose at each round one of K arms, each characterized by an unknown reward distribution. The objective is to maximize cumulative expected earnings over a planning horizon of length T, and performance is measured in terms of regret relative to a (static) oracle that knows the identity of the best arm a priori. This problem has been studied extensively when the reward distributions do not change over time, and uncertainty essentially amounts to identifying the optimal arm. We complement this literature by developing a flexible non-parametric model for temporal uncertainty in the rewards. The extent of temporal uncertainty is measured via the cumulative mean change in the rewards over the horizon, a metric we refer to as temporal variation, and regret is measured relative to a (dynamic) oracle that plays the point-wise optimal action at each period. Assuming that nature can choose any sequence of mean rewards such that their temporal variation does not exceed V (a temporal uncertainty budget), we characterize the complexity of this problem via the minimax regret, which depends on V (the hardness of the problem), the horizon length T, and the number of arms K.
A New PCR-Based Species Genotyping Differentiation Approach in Entamoeaba
Authors: Abuljadayel Dalia , Atef Ahmed , Al-Matary Mohammed , Edris Sherif , Al-Ghamdi Khalid M. , Hajrah Nahid H. , Sabir Jamal S.M. , Hall Neil , Bahieldin Ahmed
Published: October 2019

The most commonly used approach for Entamoeba species differentiation up to date is the tRNA-linked STR regions of the parasite’s genome. In the present study, a new reliable, fast and easy molecular tool for species differentiation was developed. DNA was isolated from fecal samples collected from infected subjects with either Entamoeba histolytica (EH) or Entamoeba disper (ED) in Saudi Arabia. Two types of primer sets were compared in which the first targeted tRNA-linked STR regions, while the second was designed after multiple contig alignment of the two genomes using NUCmer program in aligned areas with high similarity (~90%) and difference between of ~90 bp. The selection criteria secures that designed primers should pair with both EH and ED contig sequences at homologous regions of 200-500 bp of both species except for the presence of indels that result in the recovery of amplicons of two species with different sizes. Banding patterns in the tRNA-linked STR region resulted in the occurrence of several common amplicons. We speculate that primers mismatch with regions other than the specified STR arrays of Entamoeba histolytica or Entamoeba disper with organisms other than Entamoeba existed in the fecal sample. However, the STR-based approach looked very useful in studying strain differentiation and parasite diversity. The results for the new approach complemented those of the STR-based approach, except that the latter failed to detect coinfected subjects. The new approach proved to be useful at the species level, while the tRNA-linked STR approach can still be a good choice for strain differentiation.
Rapid Molecular Detection and Transmission of Bacterial Leaf Streak Pathogen, Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzicola, in Rice Seeds
Authors: Rivarez Mark Paul , Parac Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is a seed-borne bacterial pathogen of rice. In this study, a rapid molecular detection method in seeds was developed to prevent unwanted movement of infected materials and greater yield loss. Crude DNA from ground seed extract supernatant was precipitated in ethanol and centrifuged. DNA pellets of homogenous subsamples were pooled and werepurified using SDS or a DNA extraction kit. Three pairs of primers previously designed on Xoc isolate BLS-256 genome sequence robustly amplify Xoc-specific DNA sequences. Primer T40 was found to efficiently detect Xoc but only in single primer reactions. While primers 3864 and 3866 can amplify Xoc DNA separately, however, their multiplex PCR reactions were unsuccessful, probably due to substrate competition in the reaction mixture. Optimized PCR mixture and conditions were able to detect as low as 10 cfu/mL Xoc cells and the direct extraction method and conditions were able to detect as low as 104 cfu/mL inoculated cells using primer T40. Lastly, Xoc transmission through seeds was observed only in plant samples which were heavily infected. Recovery from infection, at around 25-50% was also observed in some cultivars which also manifested good grain filling at 56 days after transplanting.
Association of +10211T/G (Rs17846866) Variant of Adiponectin Gene With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mustufa , Alam Roshan
Published: October 2019

Various adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants, located on chromosome 3q27 were associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different ethnicity.In this study, it is aimed to find the association of +10211T/G (rs17846866) variant of ADIPOQ with T2DM and healthy controls in North Indians.In this study, 150 T2DM and 150 healthy control subjects aged between 25-75 years were recruited. Circulatory adiponectin levels were measured by commercially available ELISA kit. For genotype analysis, Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method was used.The genotypic analysis of rs17846866 variant of ADIPOQ has shown that there were no significant association of TT versus TG genotype (P=0.13) as well as TT versus GG genotype (P=0.11) with T2DM patients and healthy controls. However, the G allele frequency of the rs17846866 has shown significant association with T2DM (13.7%) as compared to healthy controls (7.7%, P=0.02). In T2DM, circulatory adiponectin level was significantly lower in TT genotype than TG genotypes (P=0.01). However, the circulatory adiponectin level was lower in GG genotype than TG genotype (P=0.49), but not significant.The result showed that rs17846866 variant of ADIPOQ was associated with altered circulatory adiponectin levels. The TT genotype may be the major contributor to reduce the circulatory adiponectin levels in T2DM. However, the G allele may be increased the risk of T2DM in North Indians.
Potential Protective Effect of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Juice on Monosodium Glutamate Induced Seminiferous Tubules Changes in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological Study
Authors: Al-Qtaitat Aiman , Farhan Sinan S , Al-Maathidy Aiman , Almuhaisen Ghadeer , Alzyoud Jihad
Published: October 2019

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been recognized as flavor enhancer that adversely affects male reproductive systems. The present study was designed to investigate the potential protective effects of pomegranate juice on MSG induced histopathological changes in the seminiferous tubules of rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups of ten rats each; Group I (Control group), received daily standard diet only for one month. Group II (Pomegranate group), received daily pomegranate juice only for one month. Group III (MSG group), received daily a single dose of 60 mg/kg body weight of MSG for one month. Group IV (MSG and Pomegranate group), received daily a single dose of 60 mg/kg of MSG concomitant with pomegranate juice for one month. Group V (MSG withdrawal group), received daily a single dose of 60 mg/kg body weight of MSG for one month then leaved for another one month. The testis was subjected to histological study, using light and electron microscopes, and the cauda epididymis was used for caudal sperm count. Results: MSG induced toxicity in testicular tissues. Pomegranate juice resulted in improving the MSG induced changes, and it had the ability to increase sperms number and to reduce sperms abnormalities. Supplementation of pomegranate juice could ameliorate the MSG induced testicular toxicity. Thus, it could have a role in improving male fertility.
Occurrence of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCP) Residues in Chicken Skin, Liver and Muscle in Egypt
Authors: El-Mergawy Tamer M. Abd El-Aziz , Mikhail Wafai Z. A. , Nasr Islam Noeman , Dien Waiel M. Salah El
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted for determination of organochlorine (OCPs) pesticide residues in muscle, skin and liver of chickens (laying hens). The examined samples were collected from three laying hen farms (white Hy- Line breed) in El- Dakahlia, El-Sharkia and El-Giza Governorates, Egypt. Five samples of each tissue were collected at 3 stages; start, peak and end, of egg production from the three farms with the total of 45 samples for each tissue type. The examined samples were extracted and prepared to organochlorine pesticide detection by gas Chromatography system equipped with electron capture detector (ECD). Exactly 14 of organochlorine pesticide residues were analyzed. The obtained results revealed that the Methoxychlor, PP-DDE, Dieldrin, Aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide and α-BHC residues were not detected in all the examined samples. Meanwhile, PP-DDT, PP-DDD, Endrin, Endosulfan, Heptachlor, Δ-BHC, ɤ-BHC (lindane) and ɤ-chlordane were detected in the examined samples in different concentrations. No considerable difference in organochlorine residues could be noticed either between the different Governorates or between the different stages of egg production. The results exhibited relatively higher levels of these residues in skin and liver samples comparing with those in the muscle samples.
As primeiras experiências de radiodifusão local em Portugal (1977-1984)
Authors: Bonixe Luís
Published: October 2019

O final da década de 70 marcou o aparecimento de várias rádios piratas em Portugal dando início a um processo que conduziria à liberalização do setor da rádio no final da década seguinte. Durante onze anos, várias centenas de pequenas rádios emitiram sem licença levando para o espaço hertziano as vozes das populações locais. Entre 1977 e 1984 surgiram dezenas de rádios que, embora sem o profissionalismo ou estrutura adequadas, conseguiram fazer emergir um debate em torno da importância das rádios locais em Portugal. Tratou-se de um processo caracterizado pelo pioneirismo e pela vontade de vincar um fenómeno junto, quer da opinião pública, quer da classe política. Para os impulsionadores deste movimento, legalizar as rádios locais em Portugal significava dar passos em direção à consolidação da democracia e da liberdade de expressão entretanto conquistadas no país e, isso ficou visivelmente marcado nos discursos e práticas levadas a cabo entre 1977 e 1984 e que procuraremos caracterizar no presente artigo.
A estratégia de informação de Marcello Caetano o último governante do Estado Novo
Authors: Cabrera Ana
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a estratégia de informação levada a cabo por Marcello Caetano quando, em setembro de 1968, substituiu Salazar na presidência do Conselho de Ministros. Esta estratégia consistiu na realização de acontecimentos que lhe assegurassem uma boa visibilidade na imprensa, afirmação de uma relação mais próxima com os jornalistas, e realização das conversas em famíliateledifundidas. 

A investigação assenta  no estudo do perfil político de Marcello Caetano suportada por fontes (cartas, textos, livros e entrevistas) e na analise de jornais da época (A Capital, Diário de Lisboa, Diário Popular, Diário de Notícias) no período compreendido entre setembro de 1968 e setembro de 1969. Como conclusão assinala-se que a construção da imagem deste político na imprensa favoreceu o inicio da sua governação através da construção de uma personalidade política, social e familiar bem distinta da de Salazar.
A invenção da televisão revolucionária
Authors: Baptista Carla
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa o impacto do 25 de Abril de 1974 na programação da RTP, em particular os programas informativos não diários produzidos pelo Departamento de Programas Político-Sociais (DPPS). Estes refletem as visões da época sobre a natureza e a vocação de uma televisão popular e permitem caracterizar o processo de “invenção da televisão revolucionária”, criada para responder ao ambiente revolucionário do PREC (1974-1975). Este processo, marcado pelas relações de força que ditaram as orientações das sucessivas administrações e direções de informação e de programação da RTP, não se esgota no campo político. Foi acompanhado de uma discussão alargada sobre o papel do jornalismo televisivo na construção da democracia portuguesa e na articulação com a sociedade. É essa discussão, refletida na natureza e tipo de programas criados para responder às necessidades de informação e formação do povo identificadas na época, que constitui o foco deste artigo.
A cobertura jornalística do 25 de abril de 1974 no Corriere della Sera, La Stampa e Il Messaggero
Authors: Gomes Marco
Published: October 2019

A queda do Estado Novo e o período de transição para a democracia subsequente transformaram Portugal numa espécie de laboratório político para os círculos dirigentes, jornalísticos e intelectuais europeus. Na imprensa internacional, o país alcançou uma exposição mediática sem precedentes. Este artigo analisa a cobertura jornalística do 25 de Abril de 1974 pelos jornais Corriere della Sera, La Stampa e Il Messaggero. O âmbito cronológico da dimensão quantitativa abarca as dez edições dos órgãos em apreço no imediato pós-25 de Abril, entre 26 de abril e 6 de maio de 1974, enquanto a atuação qualitativa alarga o âmbito temporal até 9 de junho de 1974. Privilegia-se uma abordagem de integração metodológica centrada na expressão numérica do tratamento jornalístico e, sobretudo, na sua dimensão qualitativa com o objetivo de compreender os cenários políticos desenhados pela imprensa italiana, o grau de envolvimento dos jornalistas e o destaque conferido ao acontecimento. Conclui-se que os jornais analisados reportaram a queda do Estado Novo e os desenvolvimentos políticos subsequentes como um acontecimento excecional.