bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Communication skills training: a quantitative systematic review
Authors: Hamlin Emily L.B. , McGloin Rory , Bridgemohan Alex
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Organizational leaders value effective communication in employees, but ineffective communication persists (Peart, 2019). Communication Skills Training (CST) programs often face time and engagement constraints (Wright et al., 2006), necessitating increased resources for improvement. This study investigates the fields in which communication skills are examined and the research methods used. Given past training-communication associations, it explores CST programs' positive impact through experimental research (Bakker & van Wingerden, 2021). The study aims to enhance CST research by providing insights into effective training methods for facilitators and practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach

This systematic literature review examines CST's effectiveness in improving employee communication outcomes and identifying key factors. It highlights the importance of communication training, provides insights into existing research, and identifies areas for future investigation. As communication training is not context-specific, a comprehensive understanding of its effectiveness is necessary. This review establishes a foundational framework to support the creation of impactful training programs.

Findings

This research reaffirms the importance of Communication Skills Training (CST) in enhancing key competencies such as communication competence, self-efficacy, and empathy for workplace success, benefiting collaboration, conflict resolution, and problem-solving. It provides a foundational understanding of CST's impact, serving as a resource for researchers, trainers, and leaders, while also emphasizing the need for further research, including larger experiments, diverse skill sets, and long-term assessment. In our digital age, exploring contemporary skills, including digital communication, is essential for comprehensive training. The systematic categorization of skills into intrapersonal and interactional dimensions ensures consistency and supports in-depth analysis.

Originality/value

To address the broad range, outcome skills were categorized as intrapersonal or interactional, excluding the behavioral aspect concerning societal improvement. Leveraging Zimmerman's (1995) empowerment theory to enhance focus, this framework provides value for diverse CST research outcomes. Intrapersonal encompassed self-views, like self-efficacy and knowledge, while interactional involved understanding and aligning exchanges with personal goals. This categorization enhances research clarity and effectiveness by systematically understanding how these skills are related.
I don’t want to switch! So, am I trapped? An in-depth qualitative inquiry of resistance to change leading to competency trap
Authors: Rath Alisha , Jena Lalatendu Kesari
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper explores the evident issue of organizational resistance to change. The study delves deep into the underlying resistance factors in organizations using a qualitative approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The qualitative study employs a grounded theory coding pattern and network analysis to explore the underlying themes. This approach gives a panoramic view of resistance to change by comprehending the themes of existing literature and verbatims collected from the respondents.

Findings

The results of the comprehensive interviews and analyses suggest a significant change in the definition of resistance to change. The network analysis led to the identification of subthemes, antecedents, and consequences of resistance to change. The study highlights the importance of innovation, personnel training, mistrust, and the role of motivation.

Practical implications

The insights gained from this practitioner-oriented study help navigate organizations to identify the issues related to resistance to change. The study also helps trace the issue of over-specialization, which promotes competency traps in organizations. The role of leaders in managing resistance to change is evident, which practitioners can consider for the more significant benefit of organizations.

Originality/value

The study proposes a nuanced understanding of resistance to change by using a qualitative approach to comprehend the phenomena from the perspective of leaders and employees. Using a coding approach for theme generation and network analysis for visualization ascertains the methodical rigor and comprehensive understanding alongside generating practitioner-oriented recommendations.
Enhancing FM digitalization strategies for shopping complexes amidst post-COVID-19: a case study analysis and improvement insights
Authors: Chua Shirley Jin Lin , Beh Shiuan Ping , Myeda Nik Elyna , Ali Azlan Shah
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This study aims to improve the use of digitalization in facilities management (FM) for shopping complex facilities in the post-COVID-19 era. The resumption of economic activities, especially in shopping complexes, poses challenges for FM with throngs of shoppers. To tackle these challenges, enhanced and innovative FM practices are necessary.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a qualitative research approach, incorporating case studies, interviews, observations and documentation. It focused on super-regional shopping complexes in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, selecting two complexes for qualitative data collection. Supplementary data were gathered from various sources, including government policy publications, websites, books, journal papers and archival records.

Findings

The research provides valuable insights into FM innovations and the application of FM digitalization in shopping complexes after the COVID-19 pandemic. It also addresses challenges faced by FM teams during this period. Recommendations for implementing FM digitalization in super-regional shopping complexes post-COVID-19 include developing skilled personnel, defining appropriate work scopes, strategies and policies, using cost-effective software, and increasing occupant awareness. The involvement of outsourced service providers is advised, emphasizing their understanding of the organization’s business model and innovative approaches.

Originality/value

The findings offer new perspectives on the characteristics of FM digitalization in the commercial sector during business disruptions caused by the pandemic. The proposed strategies are grounded in real industry implementations, aiming to enhance the FM digitalization approach for improved business performance.
Future study of revenue sources in the social security organization with the scenario planning approach
Authors: Arabi Seyed Hadi , Maleki Mohammad Hasan , Ansari Hamed
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the drivers and future scenarios of Iran’s Social Security Organization.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is applied in terms of orientation and mixed in terms of methodology. In this research, the methods of theme analysis, root definitions, fuzzy Delphi and Cocoso were used. The theoretical population is the managers and senior experts of the social security organization, and the sampling method was done in a judgmental way. The tools of data collection were interviews and questionnaires. The interview tool was used to extract the main and subdrivers of the research and develop the scenarios.

Findings

Through theme analysis, 35 subdrivers were extracted in the form of economic, sociocultural, financial and investment, policy, marketing, environmental and legal themes. Due to the large number of subdrivers, these factors were screened with fuzzy Delphi. Eleven drivers had defuzzied coefficient higher than 0.7 and were selected for final prioritization. The final drivers were prioritized with the CoCoSo technique, and the two drivers of social security holdings governance and state of government revenues had the highest priority. Based on these two drivers, four scenarios of prosperity, resilient social security, unstable development and collapse have been developed.

Originality/value

Some of the suggestions of the research are: using the capacity of FinTechs and financial startups to invest the government revenues of the organization, using digital technologies such as business intelligence for more efficient decisions and developing corporate governance in the organization.
The policy-reality gap of bullying in higher education: implications for HR and managers – a comparative study of Australian and Croatian universities
Authors: Barratt-Pugh Llandis Gareth Barratt , Krestelica Dragana
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between higher educational institution bullying policies and the subsequent cultural impact to determine the effectiveness of policy in ameliorating bullying within the university culture.

Design/methodology/approach

This study consisted of two separate but related case studies at two universities in different countries, focussing on university staff. The field work gathered data about existing anti-bullying policy, the extent to which it was part of the organisational culture for staff, and the levels of staff bullying experienced or seen within the organisation. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected.

Findings

The study found that despite one university having significant policy and the other having very little policy, the knowledge of policy in both universities was and subsequent experience of bullying for staff were very similar.

Research limitations/implications

The findings indicate that anti-bullying policy alone appears to have a limited impact on organisational behaviour. This suggests that the entrenched and historical master/servant relations of academia enable such practices to continue. Policy implementation is insufficient and training and development to generate more inclusive, people-focussed management cultures is necessary to ameliorate bullying behaviour.

Practical implications

The paper draws on the experiences, critique and suggestions of the study participants to prepare a possible agenda for cultural change that human resource (HR) managers could develop in association with academic and professional managers within their institution.

Social implications

The findings suggest that in any social setting or organisational structure where strong historical patterns of master/servant endure, the opportunity for bullying behaviours to grow and flourish is fertile and that policy statements alone may have little impact on curtailing such behaviour.

Originality/value

This study makes two contributions to existing knowledge. First, it provides evidence that anti-bullying policy is alone unlikely to have an effective impact on instances of bullying within the culture. Second, the case study contrast displays that unacceptable levels of bullying exist in two very different institutions in two very different cultures. Whilst one country has a war-torn history and the other exists in splendid isolation, the same patterns persist, indicating that universities have structured cultural issues that are difficult to change.
Green intellectual capital heading towards green innovation and environmental performance: assessing the moderating effect of green creativity in SMEs of Pakistan
Authors: Shahbaz Muhammad Hamid , Ahmad Sajjad , Malik Shahab Alam
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore green practices within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their implications for determining environmental performance. Targeting SMEs in Pakistan, the study examines the influence of green intellectual capital (GIC), innovation and creativity on environmental performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive survey addressed top, middle, and lower-level managerial perspectives. A sample of 243 respondents was statistically selected, and the survey questionnaire was used to measure the key constructs of the study. Using a 5-point Likert scale, the study captured the respondents' insights regarding green practices. Data analysis was executed using SPSS for descriptive tests and Smart-PLS 4 for advanced structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings

GIC significantly enhances green innovation within SMEs, leading to improved environmental performance. Green creativity is a crucial moderator, indicating that SMEs have higher creative approaches to counter environmental challenges. These findings accentuate the importance of fostering an environment that stimulates green creativity to uplift GIC in achieving environmental performance.

Originality/value

The study offers a profound understanding of how SMEs in Pakistan leverage GIC to elevate their environmental performance, thereby providing strategic insights for businesses aiming for sustainable growth.
Does corruption moderate the military spending – Informal economy nexus? The empirical evidence from Asian countries
Authors: Tran Pham Toan Khanh
Published: March 2024

Purpose

In pursuit of good governance and better allocation of resources, corruption and informal economy are of interest to policymakers and citizens alike. The impacts of military spending on the informal economy are scant. Moreover, the effects of an external factor, such as corruption that moderates this relationship, have largely been neglected in previous studies. Hence, this paper investigates how corruption moderates the effects of military spending on the informal economy in 30 Asian countries from 1995 to 2017.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper utilizes the GMM estimation technique, which allows cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity in panel data analysis, to examine the moderating role of corruption on the relationship between military spending and the informal economy.

Findings

Empirical findings from this paper indicate that an increase in military spending declines the informal economy while corruption increases it. Interestingly, the negative effects of military spending on the informal economy will mitigate with a greater degree of corruption in the Asian region. We also find that enhancing economic growth and attracting more FDI has reduced the informal economy in Asian countries.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first empirical study conducted to examine the moderating role of corruption on the military spending – informal economy nexus. Thus far, this approach has not been investigated in the existing literature, particularly for Asian countries.
Tribological performance of ficus carica oil modified with ethylene vinyl acetate and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate
Authors: Ibrahim Ali Audu , Abdul Hamid Mohd Kameil , Azman Bin Abas Mohd , Muhamad Said Mohd Farid , Opia Anthony Chukwunonso , Izmi Bin Mazali Izhari , Hilmi Bin Che Daud Zul
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Due to the environmental issues caused by petroleum lubricants used in lubrication, the concept of creating various bio-lubricants requires research globally. Thus, this study aims to develop, characterize and test the base ficus carica oil (fig oil) for its ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) content.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample characterization was done using the Fourier transmission infrared spectrum, whereas the morphologies of the EVA, SDBS particles and lubricated surfaces were carried out under scanning electron microscope equipment. To ensure the homogeneity of the solution (base oil and additives), the formulations were subjected to the sonication process. The anti-friction and anti-wear properties of EVA and SDBS particles as lubricant additives were investigated using a ball on a flat high-frequency reciprocating rig tribo-tester.

Findings

According to the findings, the base oil’s anti-friction and anti-wear capabilities can be greatly enhanced by the additions. revealed that the best results were obtained when 1.2% EVA + 2% SDBS was applied for the examination of wear (597.8 µm) and friction coefficient (0.106). Commercial references were used, nevertheless, and the results were excellent. This is because the particles in the contact area during lubrication have strong solubility and quickly penetrate the contact zone. The lubricating mechanisms were explained by a tribological model of the EVA + SDBS and SDBS particles.

Research limitations/implications

The coefficient of friction and wear reduction caused by the use of the additives will certainly enhance system performance and protect the machine components from excessive wear that could cause damage or failure.

Originality/value

The originality and uniqueness of this work are officially affirmed by the authors. The authors’ autonomous and original contribution to the development of sustainable lubrication is represented in this work. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other study has been published or made publicly available that duplicates the precise scope and goals of our research, and this conclusion is based on a thorough literature assessment.
Calibration strategies for enhancing accuracy in serial industrial robots for orbital milling applications
Authors: Slamani Mohamed , Makri Hocine , Boudilmi Aissa , Bonev Ilian A. , Chatelain Jean-Francois
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This research paper aims to optimize the calibration process for an ABB IRB 120 robot, specifically for robotic orbital milling applications, by introducing and validating the use of the observability index and telescopic ballbar for accuracy enhancement.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses the telescopic ballbar and an observability index for the calibration of an ABB IRB 120 robot, focusing on robotic orbital milling. Comparative simulation analysis selects the O3 index. Experimental tests, both static and dynamic, evaluate the proposed calibration approach within the robot’s workspace.

Findings

The proposed calibration approach significantly reduces circularity errors, particularly in robotic orbital milling, showcasing effectiveness in both static and dynamic modes at various tool center point speeds.

Research limitations/implications

The study focuses on a specific robot model and application (robotic orbital milling), limiting generalizability. Further research could explore diverse robot models and applications.

Practical implications

The findings offer practical benefits by enhancing the accuracy of robotic systems, particularly in precision tasks like orbital milling, providing a valuable calibration method.

Social implications

While primarily technological, improved robotic precision can have social implications, potentially influencing fields where robotic applications are crucial, such as manufacturing and automation.

Originality/value

This study’s distinctiveness lies in advancing the accuracy and precision of industrial robots during circular motions, specifically tailored for orbital milling applications. The innovative approach synergistically uses the observability index and telescopic ballbar to achieve these objectives.
Ownership leads to conflicts: the double-edged impact of psychological ownership on communication satisfaction in virtual communities
Authors: Fang Lingzhi Brian
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Psychological ownership has been a topic of intense debate for several decades, especially in the digital era. In addition, as part of the digital public domain, virtual communities shape our digital lives. Unfortunately, few studies have examined the communication process in virtual communities from the perspective of psychological ownership. Moreover, information and organization are key aspects of virtual communities. This research aimed to explore the impact of psychological ownership on communication satisfaction from these two perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach

I collected 471 responses using a questionnaire. In terms of empirical methods, I developed a structural equation model (SEM) to examine the relationship between psychological ownership and communication satisfaction as well as the mechanism underlying this relationship – namely, information behavior. Specifically, I first examined the relationship between psychological ownership and information behavior. I then developed a comprehensive framework for the double-edged impact of psychological ownership in virtual communities on communication satisfaction.

Findings

I found that psychological ownership has a double-edged effect on communication satisfaction based on two types of information behavior in virtual communities. Specifically, organization-based psychological ownership (OPO) positively influences communication satisfaction through information exchange. In contrast, information-based psychological ownership (IPO) negatively impacts communication satisfaction through information-hiding.

Originality/value

The findings of this research demonstrate that psychological ownership has a double-edged effect on communication satisfaction. First, the findings of this study reveal the downsides of psychological ownership, which are not consistent with its beneficial role. Second, the negative effect of psychological ownership with regard to communication in virtual communities also helps explain communication failure in virtual communities. Finally, despite the downsides of psychological ownership in the context of a virtual community revealed by this study, this factor has an overall beneficial effect.
Unleashing the power of perceived enjoyment: exploring Chinese undergraduate EFL learners' intention to use ChatGPT for English learning
Authors: Xu Xiaoran , Thien Lei Mee
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This study intends to extend the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model by integrating perceived enjoyment as an intrinsic motivation so as to investigate factors influencing Chinese undergraduate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students' intention to use ChatGPT for English learning.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional quantitative survey method research design was used in this study. Data were collected from 432 undergraduate students at two Chinese universities. The data analysis was carried out using SmartPLS 4, a computer software that employs the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The analysis of the model was performed in two stages, including the assessment of reflective measurement model and structural model. The PLS predict was utilized to assess the model’s predicting power.

Findings

Findings showed that effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence and perceived enjoyment were positively related to Chinese undergraduate EFL learners' intention to use ChatGPT for English learning. Perceived enjoyment mediated the relationships between effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence and intention to use ChatGPT for English learning respectively.

Originality/value

Through incorporating the perceived enjoyment as an intrinsic motivation into the UTAUT model to explore factors that impact Chinese undergraduate EFL learners' intention to use ChatGPT for English learning, this study has extended the applicability of the UTAUT model and provide insights into factors affecting students' intention to utilize ChatGPT or other AI-based technologies for English learning.
Leadership development across the lifespan through sport and physical activity
Authors: Riera Verònica , Moragas-Rovira Marta , Pujadas Xavier
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze if the sport trajectory could be an impact factor in leadership development.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative research method has been adopted by conducting 17 in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed with the program Open Code (4.03).

Findings

The findings of this study revealed that the interviewed managers perceived that their sport trajectory has had an important influence in the development of their leadership. This influence is determined by four factors: (1) sport profile, (2) sport referents, (3) competences, values and abilities and (4) experiences from different sport roles played during their lifespan.

Research limitations/implications

The research is based on interviews with a small sample of managers. In order to develop the research further, a more extensive sample is required.

Originality/value

The paper is unique as it examines the impact of the sport trajectory as an impact factor in leadership development.
Pumping up customer value with convenience and personalisation strategies in e-retailing: an analysis of the engagement connection
Authors: Rodríguez-Ardura Inma , Meseguer-Artola Antoni , Herzallah Doaa , Fu Qian
Published: March 2024

Purpose

There is an ongoing challenge to map the efficacy of e-retailing strategies in building both value co-creation opportunities for online customers and customer value for companies. Based on the service-dominant (S-D) logic, an integrative model is provided that connects the impact of convenience and personalisation strategies (CPSs) on an e-retailer's performance – by offering co-creation opportunities and customer engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey instrument is validated and the model is tested with data from active online customers using a novel methodology that blends artificial neural network (ANN) analysis with partial least squares (PLS) in both the measurement model and the path analysis.

Findings

The findings robustly support the model and yield evidence of the contribution of CPSs in effective value propositions, the interface between the S-D logic and customer engagement, and the direct effect of customer engagement on tangible forms of value for companies.

Originality/value

This study is the first scholarly effort to provide a comprehensive understanding of how and why CPSs can maximise customer value for the e-retailer, while simultaneously testing the customer value/engagement interface with a new blended ANN-PLS method.
Free association and qualitative research interviewing: perspectives and applications
Authors: Archard Philip John , O'Reilly Michelle , Sommantico Massimiliano
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper contributes to a dialogue about the psychoanalytic concept of free association and its application in the context of qualitative research interviewing. In doing so, it also adds to wider discussion regarding the relationship between clinical psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic psychotherapy and qualitative research.

Design/methodology/approach

Critical consideration of different perspectives on the application of free association in the qualitative research interview, extending earlier work addressing this issue. Differences and similarities in the way the concept of free association is articulated are examined regarding its framing in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy.

Findings

Whether researchers see themselves as borrowing, applying or drawing inspiration from free association, there is scope for muddling distinct ways of viewing it as it is conceived in psychoanalysis.

Originality/value

Considerations are outlined for researchers interested in psychoanalytically informed methods to be mindful of.
Measuring automobile service quality with the European customer satisfaction index model (ECSI): the moderating effect of trust
Authors: Yilmaz Veysel , Sürmeli̇oğlu Yelda
Published: March 2024

Purpose

In this study, the service quality of an automobile authorized service center was investigated based on the European Customer Satisfaction Index (ECSI) model. The ECSI model includes image, customer expectations, perceived quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction, customer complaints and customer loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

In the study, an attempt was made to improve the ESCI model by adding the trust factor as a moderating variable. After an extensive literature review, measurement questions were developed to best represent the factors in the research model. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the fit of the research model and test the hypotheses.

Findings

As a result of the analysis, only one of the 13 hypotheses tested was not supported. According to the results of hypothesis testing, the highest effect was found in the relationship between customer satisfaction customer complaints, customer expectations and perceived quality. In addition, customer expectations affect customer satisfaction indirectly rather than directly. In this case, customer expectations, perceived value and perceived quality influence customer satisfaction.

Practical implications

The customer satisfaction quality index score of the authorized automobile service whose service quality was measured was calculated as 72.75. Although customers were generally satisfied with the authorized service, their expectations were not fully met.

Originality/value

In the study, an attempt was made to improve the ECSI model by adding a trust factor. Trust, which was added to the model as a moderator variable, fit the model. As a result, it was revealed that trust has an increasing regulatory effect on the relationship between perceived quality and customer satisfaction.
Recent findings about antimalarials in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: What dermatologists should know
Authors: Teboul Alexandre , Arnaud Laurent , Chasset François
Published: March 2024

Antimalarials (AMs), particularly hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ), are the cornerstone of the treatment for both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). HCQ and CQ are recommended as first‐line oral agents in all CLE guidelines. Initially thought to have potential therapeutic effects against COVID‐19, HCQ has drawn significant attention in recent years, highlighting concerns over its potential toxicity among patients and physicians. This review aims to consolidate current evidence on the efficacy of AMs in CLE. Our focus will be on optimizing therapeutic strategies, such as switching from HCQ to CQ, adding quinacrine to either HCQ or CQ, or adjusting HCQ dose based on blood concentration. Additionally, we will explore the potential for HCQ dose reduction or discontinuation in cases of CLE or SLE remission. Our review will focus on the existing evidence regarding adverse events linked to AM usage, with a specific emphasis on severe events and those of particular interest to dermatologists. Last, we will discuss the optimal HCQ dose and the balance between preventing CLE or SLE flares and minimizing toxicity.
The CARE System in Its Importance in Dealing with Today's Crises1
Authors: Kast Verena
Published: March 2024

The CARE system is a gift from Mother Nature, we have it in our biological heritage; it enables us humans—as a basic gift—to help each other in a large, life‐serving context, and thus also to counterbalance destruction. It is about a basic human ability, linked to typical behaviour, but also about a basic human need for connectedness. In this paper, I would like to show how the CARE system can be activated as a collective attitude.

The CARE system is strengthened by positive emotions. We are currently being affected by many crises and this triggers fear. How can we deal with this better? Fear is countered with hope and the associated positive emotions such as joy, awe, kama muta and others. These emotions and feelings can be consciously encouraged and placed alongside the feelings of fear. But also, when we share the feelings of grief with each other, it triggers an attitude of CARE. We can grieve together for the various experiences of loss that we go through—but we can also imagine together how we envisage a future that is worth living for everyone.

An attitude in the sense of CARING has been practised in friendship for thousands of years. It would therefore be possible to move away from an attitude of competing and outdoing, to an attitude not only of recognition, care, and solidarity in human interaction, but also in our connection with nature.
Unhinged: A Prospective Perspective on Being Unsafe1
Authors: Houck Tiffany N.
Published: March 2024

Given the unprecedented events unfolding around the globe over the past four years, psychoanalytic communities near and far have sought to ask and ventured to answer the question: What does psychoanalysis have to offer individuals, and the collective, as a way of seeing and being with the reality of what is? Taking up these questions in such a time as this, feels, perhaps inevitably, unsafe. Sometimes it can feel as if there is a silent and unspoken mandate to ensure safety at all costs when we seek to find a spirit of the depth’s response to the spirit of the times. I propose that the work of psychoanalysis is grounded in nothing but the journey through that which is unsafe. This article will take up Ann Ulanov’s notion that one’s own evil is the hinge door into collective and archetypal evil. To become unhinged means to risk well‐formulated understandings, theories, and modalities about being and becoming for the other and instead to allow the other to penetrate that which is unknown in ourselves, upending our well‐formed theories and pressing us to take up our own lives in new and unpredictable ways.
Metabolic rewiring enables ammonium assimilation via a non‐canonical fumarate‐based pathway
Authors: Mardoukhi Mohammad Saba Yousef , Rapp Johanna , Irisarri Iker , Gunka Katrin , Link Hannes , Marienhagen Jan , de Vries Jan , Stülke Jörg , Commichau Fabian M.
Published: March 2024

Glutamate serves as the major cellular amino group donor. In Bacillus subtilis, glutamate is synthesized by the combined action of the glutamine synthetase and the glutamate synthase (GOGAT). The glutamate dehydrogenases are devoted to glutamate degradation in vivo. To keep the cellular glutamate concentration high, the genes and the encoded enzymes involved in glutamate biosynthesis and degradation need to be tightly regulated depending on the available carbon and nitrogen sources. Serendipitously, we found that the inactivation of the ansR and citG genes encoding the repressor of the ansAB genes and the fumarase, respectively, enables the GOGAT‐deficient B. subtilis mutant to synthesize glutamate via a non‐canonical fumarate‐based ammonium assimilation pathway. We also show that the de‐repression of the ansAB genes is sufficient to restore aspartate prototrophy of an aspB aspartate transaminase mutant. Moreover, in the presence of arginine, B. subtilis mutants lacking fumarase activity show a growth defect that can be relieved by aspB overexpression, by reducing arginine uptake and by decreasing the metabolic flux through the TCA cycle.
China's reaction to the Russia–Ukraine war: A test case for a global ‘Pax Sinica’?
Authors: Düben Björn Alexander
Published: March 2024

This article examines the Chinese government's stance on the Russia–Ukraine war, including the recent development of China's economic relations with Russia. It assesses the factors that have influenced Beijing's position and the narrative it has used to explain it. Considering China's outsized importance for global events, the article also explores what implications its positioning regarding the war can have for the future of the global order. Since Russia's invasion began, China's government has presented itself as a neutral party, but it has de facto adopted a pro‐Russian position in the conflict. Beijing has primarily framed its stance on Ukraine in security terms, embedded in what is essentially a Realist narrative interlinked with pre‐existing ideological worldviews among China's political elites. It has condoned Russia's invasion on the grounds that Moscow is defending its ‘legitimate security interests’, which is an implicit appeal to respect a great power's sphere of influence, even at the expense of smaller states' sovereignty. While this raises questions about the compatibility of Beijing's vision of global order with the broader interests of most other states of the Global South, China (alongside Russia) has intensified its efforts to court these states in the context of the Russia–Ukraine war.
An investigation into the utility of eastern barn owl pellet content as a tool to monitor small mammal diversity in an arid ecosystem
Authors: Schoenefuss Pia , Kutt Alex S. , Kern Pippa L. , Moffatt Kate A. , Bon Joshua , Wardle Glenda M. , Dickman Chris R. , Hurwood David A. , Baker Andrew M.
Published: March 2024

Considering several logistical limitations associated with live trapping in arid environments, owl pellet analysis provides a potentially useful alternative to estimate small mammal diversity. Owl pellet analysis has been used to estimate local small mammal diversity under the assumption that the method can reliably reflect the composition of local small mammal assemblages. However, the validity of owl pellet contents for use in ecological assessments has not been established. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the potential for eastern barn owl (Tyto delicatula) pellet analysis to improve the monitoring of small mammals in arid Australia. We analysed two ecological datasets from Pilungah Reserve on the northern boundary of the Simpson Desert in central Australia to assess their effectiveness for detecting expected small mammal species: 250 owl pellets collected from a known roosting site and 5 years of small mammal records from historical, long‐term trapping surveys. Species composition and detection probability of mammals varied depending on the method used. Owl pellet analysis returned higher species richness overall, while traditional trapping methods indicated a higher probability of detecting certain mammal species (e.g., the wongai ningaui Ningaui ridei, brush‐tailed mulgara Dasycercus blythi and the hairy‐footed dunnart Sminthopsis hirtipes). Importantly, analysis of owl pellets revealed two mammal species that had never been detected at the study site (dusky hopping mouse Notomys fuscus and Carpentarian false antechinus Pseudantechinus cf. mimulus). We suggest that owl pellet analysis could be particularly valuable when used as a precursor or in concert with traditional trapping to monitor and assist in the conservation of small mammal species in arid environments.
Breastmilk calcium concentrations in Palestinian lactating women
Authors: Shawahna Ramzi , Abdi Aya , Bani‐Odeh Diana , Saleh Rana , Owiwi Lina , Maqboul Iyad , Hijaz Hatim , Jaber Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Aim

Breastmilk calcium concentrations can vary between lactating women and over the lactation period. This study assessed breastmilk calcium concentrations among Palestinian lactating women.

Methods

The demographic and dietary variables of the lactating women were collected using a questionnaire. The women provided a sample of about 5 mL of breastmilk using hand expression. Breastmilk calcium concentrations were quantified using an inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometric method.

Results

Breastmilk samples were taken from 240 lactating women. The mean breastmilk calcium concentration was 285.4 ± 115.1 mg/L. Lower breastmilk calcium concentrations were associated with age, lactating period, unemployment, dissatisfaction with income and insufficient consumption of vitamins and minerals.

Conclusion

Breastmilk calcium concentrations were affected by demographic variables of the lactating women and insufficient consumption of vitamins and minerals. The findings reported in this study are informative to healthcare providers and decision makers who might be interested in improving the health of lactating women and their infants.
Von Willebrand factor for outcome prediction within different clinical stages of advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Dominik Nina , Scheiner Bernhard , Zanetto Alberto , Balcar Lorenz , Semmler Georg , Campello Elena , Schwarz Michael , Paternostro Rafael , Simbrunner Benedikt , Hofer Benedikt S. , Stättermayer Albert Friedrich , Pinter Matthias , Trauner Michael , Quehenberger Peter , Simioni Paolo , Reiberger Thomas , Mandorfer Mattias
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims

The prognostic performance of von Willebrand factor (VWF) may vary across clinical stages of advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Therefore, we investigated the evolution of VWF and other biomarkers throughout the full ACLD spectrum and evaluated their stage‐specific prognostic utility.

Methods

We retrospectively included Viennese ACLD patients with available information on hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), C‐reactive protein (CRP)/VWF levels and outcomes. ACLD stages were defined according to D'Amico et al. We included an external validation cohort from Padua.

Results

We observed gradual increases in VWF throughout ACLD stages. In contrast, HVPG levelled off in decompensated ACLD (dACLD), whereas MELD showed only minor changes in the early stages and CRP did not increase until stage 3. VWF was associated with hepatic decompensation/liver‐related death in compensated ACLD (cACLD) in a fully adjusted model, while it was not independently predictive of ACLF/liver‐related death in dACLD. After backward selection, HVPG/CRP/VWF remained the main predictors of hepatic decompensation/liver‐related death in cACLD. Notably, the performance of the non‐invasive CRP/VWF‐based model was comparable to invasive HVPG‐based models (C‐index:0.765 ± 0.034 vs. 0.756 ± 0.040). The discriminative ability of the CRP/VWF‐based model was confirmed in an external validation cohort using another VWF assay which yielded systematically lower values.

Conclusion

VWF is the only biomarker that gradually increases across all ACLD stages. It is of particular prognostic value in cACLD, where a CRP/VWF‐based model is equivalent to an invasive HVPG‐based model. Systematic differences in VWF underline the importance of interlaboratory surveys. Moreover, our findings reinforce the notion that, already in cACLD, inflammation is a key disease‐driving mechanism.
Technology‐supported cooperative learning as a universal mental health intervention in middle and high school
Authors: Zagni Benedetta , Van Ryzin Mark J.
Published: March 2024

Background

Adolescent mental health issues are a major public health concern, highlighted by the US Surgeon General as a crisis. Traditional school‐based interventions show inconsistent success, creating a demand for effective solutions.

Aims

This study evaluates the impact of technology‐supported cooperative learning (CL) on adolescent mental health, focusing on positive peer relations and peer victimization.

Materials and Methods

Participants included 813 adolescents (50.2% female; 70.7% White) from 12 middle and high schools in the Pacific Northwest. The study used hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) to assess the effectiveness of CL facilitated via PeerLearning.net.

Results

Implementing CL led to significant improvements in peer relations and reductions in victimization and mental health problems, with moderate‐to‐large effect sizes observed across different demographics. Positive peer relations significantly predicted lower victimization and improved mental health.

Discussion

The findings highlight the potential of technology‐supported CL in addressing adolescent mental health by enhancing protective factors and reducing risks. Such interventions offer a scalable and sustainable approach for schools to address mental health challenges.

Conclusion

Technology‐supported cooperative learning offers a promising strategy for improving adolescent mental health, demonstrating significant benefits in peer relations and reducing victimization. This approach provides schools with an accessible and effective tool to tackle the mental health crisis among students.
Mapping the self in self‐regulation using complex dynamic systems approach
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , López‐Pernas Sonsoles
Published: March 2024

Complex dynamic systems offer a rich platform for understanding the individual or the person‐specific mechanisms. Yet, in learning analytics research and education at large, a complex dynamic system has rarely been framed, developed, or used to understand the individual student where the learning process takes place. Individual (or person‐specific) methods can accurately and precisely model the individual person, create person‐specific models, and devise unique parameters for each individual. Our study used the latest advances in complex systems dynamics to study the differences between group‐based and individual self‐regulated learning (SRL) dynamics. The findings show that SRL is a complex, dynamic system where different sub‐processes influence each other resulting in the emergence of non‐trivial patterns that vary across individuals and time scales, and as such far from the uniform picture commonly theorized. We found that the average SRL process does not reflect the individual SRL processes of different people. Therefore, interventions derived from the group‐based SRL insights are unlikely to be effective in personalization. We posit that, if personalized interventions are needed, modelling the person with person‐specific methods should be the guiding principle. Our study offered a reliable solution to model the person‐specific self‐regulation processes which can serve as a ground for understanding and improving individual learning and open the door for precision education.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

Self‐regulation is a catalyst for effective learning and achievement.

Our understanding of SRL personalization comes from insights based on aggregate group‐based data.

What this paper adds

Every student has their own unique SRL process that varies from the average in non‐trivial ways.

We offer a credible method for mapping the individualized SRL process.

SRL dynamics vary across time scales. That is, the trait dynamics are different from the state dynamics, and they should be supported differently.

Implications for practice and/or policy

Personalization can best be achieved if based on unique person‐specific idiographic methods.

Supporting learning and SRL in particular can be more efficient when we understand the differences across time scales and persons and apply insights accordingly.

The general SRL average should not be expected to work for everyone.
Refining risk stratification in paediatric B‐acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Combining IKZF1plus and Day 15 MRD positivity
Authors: Liu Hsi‐Che , Huang Ying‐Jung , Jaing Tang‐Her , Wu Kang‐Hsi , Chen Shih‐Hsiang , Wang Shih‐Chung , Yeh Ting‐Chi , Hsiao Chih‐Cheng , Chang Te‐Kau , Yen Hsiu‐Ju , Huang Fang‐Liang , Lin Pei‐Chin , Hou Jen‐Yin , Sheen Jiunn‐Ming , Liao Yu‐Mei , Chang Tsung‐Yen , Chen Yu‐Chieh , Chiou Shyh‐Shin , Yang Chao‐Ping , Pui Ching‐Hon , Liang Der‐Cherng , Shih Lee‐Yung
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the potential utility of IKZF1 deletion as an additional high‐risk marker for paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The prognostic impact of IKZF1 status, in conjunction with minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD), was evaluated within the MRD‐guided TPOG‐ALL‐2013 protocol using 412 newly diagnosed B‐ALL patients aged 1–18. IKZF1 status was determined using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. IKZF1 deletions, when co‐occurring with CDKN2A, CDKN2B, PAX5 or PAR1 region deletions in the absence of ERG deletions, were termed IKZF1plus. Both IKZF1 deletion (14.6%) and IKZF1plus (7.8%) independently predicted poorer outcomes in B‐ALL. IKZF1plus was observed in 4.1% of Philadelphia‐negative ALL, with a significantly lower 5‐year event‐free survival (53.9%) compared to IKZF1 deletion alone (83.8%) and wild‐type IKZF1 (91.3%) (p < 0.0001). Among patients with Day 15 MRD ≥0.01%, provisional high‐risk patients with IKZF1plus exhibited the worst outcomes in event‐free survival (42.0%), relapse‐free survival (48.0%) and overall survival (72.7%) compared to other groups (p < 0.0001). Integration of IKZF1plus and positive Day 15 MRD identified a subgroup of Philadelphia‐negative B‐ALL with a 50% risk of relapse. This study highlights the importance of assessing IKZF1plus alongside Day 15 MRD positivity to identify patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes, potentially minimizing overtreatment.