bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Démarche d’attribution du statut international de géoparc : proposition d’une méthodologie d’analyse multicritère pour l’évaluation du potentiel des territoires et l’intégration des objectifs de développement durable
Authors: Tranquard Manu , Riffon Olivier
Published: November 2018

En 2012, une démarche a été amorcée pour doter la région du Saguenay du label international de géoparc, accordé par l’UNESCO. L’objectif premier du géoparc est d'intégrer la préservation d'exemples significatifs de patrimoine géologique au sein d'une stratégie de développement socio-économique et culturel durable, à l'échelle régionale, tout en préservant l’environnement. Afin d’identifier et de détailler les divers atouts et composantes du territoire, une analyse scientifique a été menée par le Laboratoire d’expertise et de recherche en plein air (LERPA) de l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC). Associé à plusieurs experts disciplinaires de l’UQAC, le LERPA a conçu une approche novatrice pour conduire cette analyse. La démarche, qui intègre les concepts d’analyse mul-ticritère, d’analyse systémique de durabilité et d’ingénierie touristique, mobilise différents champs disciplinaires dans une logique interdisciplinaire et systémique. La mise en dialogue des diverses connaissances du territoire permet de mieux cerner l’ensemble des potentialités du territoire à mettre en valeur.
Neural Evidence of Hierarchical Cognitive Control during Haptic Processing: An fMRI Study
Authors: Gurtubay-Antolin Ane , León-Cabrera Patricia , Rodríguez-Fornells Antoni
Published: November 2018

Interacting with our immediate surroundings requires constant manipulation of objects. Dexterous manipulation depends on comparison between actual and predicted sensory input, with these predictions calculated by means of lower- and higher-order corollary discharge signals. However, there is still scarce knowledge about the hierarchy in the neural architecture supporting haptic monitoring during manipulation. The present study aimed to assess this issue focusing on the cross talk between lower-order sensory and higher-order associative regions. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans during a haptic discrimination task in which participants had to judge whether a touched shape or texture corresponded to an expected stimulus whose name was previously presented. Specialized haptic regions identified with an independent localizer task did not differ between expected and unexpected conditions, suggesting their lack of involvement in tactile monitoring. When presented stimuli did not match previous expectations, the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG), middle temporal, and medial prefrontal cortices were activated regardless of the nature of the haptic mismatch (shape/texture). The left primary somatosensory area (SI) responded differently to unexpected shapes and textures in line with a specialized detection of haptic mismatch. Importantly, connectivity analyses revealed that the left SMG and SI were more functionally coupled during unexpected trials, emphasizing their interaction. The results point for the first time to a hierarchical organization in the neural substrates underlying haptic monitoring during manipulation with the SMG as a higher-order hub comparing actual and predicted somatosensory input, and SI as a lower-order site involved in the detection of more specialized haptic mismatch.
Female Sex Development and Reproductive Duct Formation Depend on Wnt4a in Zebrafish
Authors: Kossack Michelle E , High Samantha K , Hopton Rachel E , Yan Yi-lin , Postlethwait John H , Draper Bruce W
Published: November 2018

Wnt4 is a key regulator of ovary development in mammals, but its role in other vertebrates is unknown. Here, Kossack et al. show that zebrafish wnt4a is the ortholog of mammalian Wnt4 and is expressed....

In laboratory strains of zebrafish, sex determination occurs in the absence of a typical sex chromosome and it is not known what regulates the proportion of animals that develop as males or females. Many sex determination and gonad differentiation genes that act downstream of a sex chromosome are well conserved among vertebrates, but studies that test their contribution to this process have mostly been limited to mammalian models. In mammals, WNT4 is a signaling ligand that is essential for ovary and Müllerian duct development, where it antagonizes the male-promoting FGF9 signal. Wnt4 is well conserved across all vertebrates, but it is not known if Wnt4 plays a role in sex determination and/or the differentiation of sex organs in nonmammalian vertebrates. This question is especially interesting in teleosts, such as zebrafish, because they lack an Fgf9 ortholog. Here we show that wnt4a is the ortholog of mammalian Wnt4, and that wnt4b was present in the last common ancestor of humans and zebrafish, but was lost in mammals. We show that wnt4a loss-of-function mutants develop predominantly as males and conclude that wnt4a activity promotes female sex determination and/or differentiation in zebrafish. Additionally, both male and female wnt4a mutants are sterile due to defects in reproductive duct development. Together these results strongly argue that Wnt4a is a conserved regulator of female sex determination and reproductive duct development in mammalian and nonmammalian vertebrates.
A Gravity Model of Trade for Nicaraguan Agricultural Exports
Authors: Aguirre González Medardo , Candia Campano Claudio , Antón López Lilliam
Published: November 2018

This research aims to find the determining factors of Nicaraguan agricultural exports. To carry out this study, the author formulated a Gravity Model of Trade (GMT) and then made an estimation using a version of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) that incorporates a consistent covariance matrix estimator to correct the heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation effects. The data considered observations over twenty years and for twelve countries: eight have signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Nicaragua and four have not. The variables that significantly increased the flow of Nicaraguan agricultural exports are the following: Nicaragua’s trading partners’ population, Nicaragua’s Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP pc), the Real Exchange Rate (RER), and Nicaragua’s trading partners’ GDP pc; however, the distance variable turned out to be significantly trade-inhibiting. Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) predominantly have significant effects.
Impuestos ambientales diferenciados espacialmente en Colombia: un modelo teórico de equilibrio general con capital natural
Authors: Vasco Correa Carlos Andres , Tobón Orozco David , Vargas Harvey
Published: November 2018

Se analizan las consecuencias de impuestos ambientales que diferencian espacial-mente a contaminadores ubicados sobre una cuenca hidrográfica. Se construye un modelo de equilibrio general con capital natural como insumo y restricción a la acti-vidad económica. Se encuentran mejoras en el bienestar social al aplicar impuestos diferenciados espacialmente, y se elaboran recomendaciones para la construcción y aplicación de impuestos separando las cuencas por tramos. Finalmente, se deba-te la normatividad ambiental colombiana sobre control de vertimientos en cuerpos de agua, señalando que más que modificar la regulación actual basta con llevar esta legislación a un nivel de “hacer cumplir” más estricto.
First records of the family Scoloplacidae (Siluriformes, Loricarioidei) in Colombia, including a range expansion of Scoloplax baileyi Rocha, Lazzarotto & Py-Daniel, 2012
Authors: Albornoz-Garzón Juan G. , Conde-Saldaña Cristhian C. , Acosta-Santos Astrid , García-Melo Jorge E. , Agudelo Edwin , Villa-Navarro Francisco A. , DoNascimiento Carlos
Published: November 2018

The Neotropical family Scoloplacidae is a monogeneric group of miniature freshwater catfishes that includes 6 species. Scoloplax dicra has the widest distribution across the Amazon basin, except in the western upper portions. We collected 3 specimens from localities close to Leticia in Colombia, corresponding to S. baileyi and S. dicra, constituting the westernmost records of the family for the Amazon basin and the first for Colombia.
Pemilah Benda Berdasarkan Warna Menggunakan Sensor Warna TCS3200
Authors: Sari Marlindia Ike , Handayani Rini , Siregar Simon , Isnu Bagus
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini mendesain sebuah protoype alat pemilah barang berdasarkan warna menggunakan sensor warna TCS3200. Sistem mengindentifikasi 5 warna yaitu warna merah, hijau, biru, putih, dan hitam. Lima motor digunakan untuk untuk setiap wrna. Setiap motor diaktifkan oleh warna tertentu. Satu motor DC juga digunakan untuk menggerakan conveyor yang digunakan untuk meletakkan benda yang akan diidentifikasi oleh sensor warna. Pada penelitian ini disusun desain mekanik dan elektronik untuk pemilah barang menggunakan sensor warna TCS3200, motor driver dan motor DC. Alat pemilah ini dapat memilah barang dengan arna merah, hijau, biru, hitam, dan putih, Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa warna object dapat diidentifikasi oleh sensor warna dengan kisaran warna yang ditentukan dan mengaktifkan motor servo tertentu
Relation of smoking and endothelial dysfunction markers in systemic hypertension
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Bragina A. E. , Druzhinina N. A.
Published: November 2018

Aim. Assessment of the markers levels of endothelial dysfunction (ED): stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx), endothelin-1 (E1), homocysteine (HC), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in blood plasma of smoker and nonsmoker patients with arterial hypertension (AH) of low and moderate risk, not taking antihypertension therapy regularly.

Material and methods. Totally, 124 AH patients included, 45 males and 79 females, mean age 51,4±6,5 y.o., mean AH duration 7,9±7,3 y. Controls included 35 healthy volunteers (20 males, 15 females). Concentration of NOx in plasma was measured with spectrophotometry, and of vWF, HC, E1 and tPA — with immune enzyme assay.

Results. To evaluate the relation of smoking and ED markers levels, AH patients and controls were selected to subgroups according to smoking status: smoker (35,5%) and non-smoker (64,5%) AH patients; smoker (38%) and non-smoker (62%) controls. In smoker AH patients comparing to non-smoking there were significantly higher concentrations of NOx — 48,2±18,8 mcM/L and 40,3±21,2 mcM/L, respectively (р<0,05), E1 — 1,2±0,16 and 0,6±0,2 fM/L, resp. (р<0,05), HC — 25,7±6,04 and 16,2±6,5 mcM/L, resp. (р<0,05), vWF — 1,39±0,7 and 1,1±0,6 mg/dL, resp (р<0,05) and tPA — 13,05±6,2 and 8,5±6,2 mcM/L, resp. (р<0,05). There was correlation in the AH group, of NOx concentration and smoking (r=0,46, р<0,05), and tobacco smoking duration (r=0,83, р<0,05). Also, there were positive correlations of HC and smoking (r=0,4, p<0,05). In control group smokers had higher HC — 20,7±5,3 and 17,2±4,7 mcM/L, resp. (р<0,05), vWF — 1,3±0,8 and 0,8±0,6 mg/dL, resp. (р<0,05) and tPA — 11,1±6,5 and 6,6±5,2 mcM/L, resp. (р<0,05). There were no significant changes in NOx and E1.

Conclusion. In smokers of both AH and control groups the levels of HC, vWF and tPA were significantly higher in comparison with nonsmokers. In smoker AH patients the mean concentrations of NOx and E1 are higher than in non-smoker patients. Levels of ED are related with not only the fact of smoking itself (р<0,05), but smoking duration (р<0,05).
Analysis of levels of oxidative stress markers depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Polunina E. A. , Voronina L. P. , Popov E. A. , Polunina O. S.
Published: November 2018

Aim.To study and analyze the levels of oxidative stress (OS) markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)) depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and functional class (FC) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Material and methods.We examined 60 somatically healthy individuals and 345 patients with CHF, which were divided into three main groups depending on the LVEF and subgroups depending on FC. The levels of OS markers were determined in blood serum — MDA, SOD and AOPPs.

Results.In the group of patients with preserved LVEF and FC II-IV CHF, levels of MDA and AOPPs were statistically significantly higher, and the SOD level was lower compared to the control group. In the group of patients with moderately reduced and reduced LVEF, the levels of MDA and AOPPs were statistically significantly higher, and SOD activity was lower compared with the control group and the group of patients with CHF and preserved LVEF. In patients with CHF with higher FC, there was a statistically significant increase of MDA and AOPPs levels and decrease of SOD activity. The most pronounced changes in the levels of above-mentioned markers were recorded in patients with reduced LVEF. According to the correlation analysis a direct relationship between the levels of markers of the OS and clinical manifestations of the disease was found.

Conclusion.Changes in levels of MDA, SOD and AOPPs in patients with CHF were detected already in the early stages of the disease compared with the control group. In patients with higher FC CHF and preserved, moderately reduced and reduced LVEF, a statistically significant increase in the levels of MDA and AOPPs and a decrease of SOD activity were observed. The most pronounced changes in the levels of the markers were indicated in patients with reduced LVEF.
Medical technology in rehabilitational counseling from the “Electronic Healthcare” perspective
Authors: Lyamina N. P. , Kotelnikova E. V.
Published: November 2018

Aim.To evaluate the readiness of acute coronary syndrome patients to distant physical rehabilitation (DPR) during the office rehabilitational counseling (ORC).

Material and methods.Open retrospective study included data of 148 patients (117 males, 31 female), who had participated in ORC with the aim to include to DPR. Main part of ORC was conducted in the format of physician work with a computerized algorithm. Completeness of data to form the programs of physical rehabilitation (PR) was assessed manually with reviewing of the discharge summaries. Clinical status was assessed, and if necessary, the 6 minute walking test was conducted. Motivational component was assessed by the results of questionnaire “Program of calculation of motivational readiness of patients to adhere clinician recommendations”. Cognition was assessed with MMSE.

Results.The part of “electronic” discharge summaries was 88,5%. Analysis of availability of epicrise data for algorithm modules showed that only 134 patients (97,3%) had complete data in clinical diagnosis. Also, an insufficiency was shown for number of stress tests with ECG registration: 22 (14,9%), but 96 (64,9%) with 6-minute test. In 30 patients (20,2%) the data on exercise tests was lacking. Data on PR regimen and related assessment of individual exercise tolerance was found in 34 (23% of ORC); and all who passed in-hospital stage. To the program of DPR about 1/3 (31,1%) of ORC participants were included. Under the framework of ORC, PR programs were created for all patients. By the results of investigation, a generalized clinical and instrumental characteristics of DPR patients were formulated, with added motivational and psychological specificities.

Conclusion.It is found that in every 5th myocardial infarction patient discharged from hospital, there is lack of data on individual PR parameters that significantly reduces the ability of primary care physician in prescription and implementation of PR events. Usage of eHealth instruments at outpatient stage of cardiorehabilitation make it to solve these issues of ORC, which has as its tasks the PR programs formulation and evaluation of patient readiness for ORC participation.
“Obesity paradoxes”: main causes of an “inverse” cardiovascular epidemiology
Authors: Druzhilov M. A. , Kuznetsova Т. Yu. , Druzhilova О. Yu.
Published: November 2018

Taken the continuous increase of obesity prevalence, most countries in the world deal with an epidemy, one of the main healthcare concerns. In the structure of nosology associated with overweight and obesity, cardiovascular is leading. Also, in the recent trials and meta analyses there is negative correlation found for body mass index and clinical outcomes characterizing better survival and lower events rate in those with higher BMI, as less chronic diseases. Such facts facilitated a number of discussions on the predictive value of overweight and obesity and consideration whether to correct those in cardiovascular patients as secondary prevention. Current article is focused on the main causes for an “inverse” cardiovascular epidemiology in overweight and obesity.
New АСС/AHA and ESC/ESH arterial hypertension guidelines
Authors: Reznik E. V. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: November 2018

The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association updated the guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation and management of high blood pressure in adults in 2017 The European Society of Cardiology and the European Society оf Hypertension updated guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension in 2018. This article reviews new positions of these documents, compares approaches to current issues of managing of the patients with arterial hypertension, pro and contra with previous versions of similar documents. It is necessary to update the National guidelines for management of patients with arterial hypertension, which should include the dignity of both European and American approaches.
Replacing steel members with composite members on transmission towers
Authors: Vergara-Vazquez Julio C. , Ramirez-Vazquez Isaias , Hernandez-Valdez Alberto , Hernandez-Corona Ramiro , Brito-Luisillo Alberto , Ponce-Noyola David
Published: November 2018

Illegal removal of redundant elements in transmission towers leads to the collapse of transmission structures under moderate winds. Hence, the removal of structural elements in transmission structures promotes economic losses for power utilities. A possible solution that can reduce extraction of steel members, and decrease power outages, is the replacement of steel redundant members with composite material elements and their connection methods. Hence, evaluation of composite redundant members as structural elements is carried out by the finite-element method to analyse the performance in a 400 kV transmission tower. The performance of the composite and steel elements is analysed by tensile and compressive strength and percentage of use under load conditions in a transmission tower. A different connection method is considered and tested to verify the structural adhesive effectiveness according to the loads determined in simulations. The connection of composite redundant members was implemented in 400 kV transmission towers.
Summability factors between the absolute Cesàro methods
Authors: HAZAR GÜLEÇ G. Canan
Published: November 2018

If Σε_{n}x_{n} is summable by the method Y whenever Σx_{n} is summable by the method X, then we say that the factor ε=(ε_{n}) is of type (X,Y) and denote by (X,Y). In this study we characterize the sets (|C,α|_{k},|C,-1|) , k>1 and (|C,-1|,|C,α|_{k}) , k≥1 for α>-1. Also, in the special case, we give some inclusion relations between methods, which completes some open problems in literature.
How Much Are Car Purchases Driven by Home Equity Withdrawal?
Authors: Pence Karen M. , McCully Brett A. , Vine Daniel J.
Published: November 2018

Previous research indicates that changes in housing wealth affect consumer spending on cars. We find that home equity extraction plays only a small role in this relationship. Consumers rarely use funds from equity extraction to purchase a car directly, even during the mid-2000s housing boom; this finding holds across three nationally representative household surveys. We find in credit bureau data that equity extraction does lead to a statistically significant increase in auto loan originations, consistent with equity extraction easing borrowing constraints in the auto loan market. This channel, though, accounts for only a tiny share of overall car purchases.
Bounce PCR v3
Authors: Mugford Sam , Hogenhout Saskia
Published: November 2018

Bounce PCR: optimisation free PCR for synthetic biology cloning applications. Synthetic biology projects require the cloning of multiple DNA components, and increasingly this is done though in-vitro gene synthesis. This remains an expensive alternative to traditional cloning by PCR. However, PCR often requires time-consuming optimisation. Bounce PCR is a largely optimisation-free PCR method suitable for the rapid cloning of multiple targets. Bounce PCR is a modified version of Touchdown PCR that takes advantage of primer-extension sequences -commonly used in molecular cloning – to successfully amplify most DNA fragments without time consuming optimisation. Touchdown (and related methods) employ a sequential lowering of the annealing temperature over successive cycles to minimise non-specific primer-binding during the early amplification cycles, but maximise amplification efficiency in later cycles when the target amplicon is more abundant (Don et al. 1991; Rowther et al. 2012). However, the lower annealing temperature in later cycles may still allow for non-specific amplification. Bounce PCR takes advantage of the increased primer melting temperature caused by the addition to the template of primer-extension sequences (for example: restriction enzyme recognition sites, Gateway recombination sites, or vector overlaps for Gibson cloning) to maintain the specificity in later cycles- without sacrificing efficiency- by increasing the annealing temperature again after an initial round of touchdown. Don, R. H., Cox, P. T., Wainwright, B. J., Baker, K., & Mattick, J. S. (1991). 'Touchdown' PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic acids research, 19(14), 4008. Rowther, F. B., Kardooni, H., & Warr, T. (2012). TOUCH-UP gradient amplification method. Journal of biomolecular techniques : JBT, 23(1), 1-3.
İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Algısının İş Stresi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Kamu Hastanesinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: KAPLAN Metin , EREN Mehmet Emin
Published: November 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı iş sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) algısının iş stresi üzerindeki
etkisini analiz etmektir. Bunun için İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren bir kamu
hastanesinde çalışmakta olan 326 sağlık personelinin İSG’ye ilişkin algıları
ile iş stresi düzeylerine ilişkin veriler anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Elde
edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak çoklu ve basit regresyon analizleri yoluyla
incelenmiştir.

İSG’nin
iş yerinde sağlanması ile ilgili devletin sorumlulukları, hastane yönetiminin
sorumlulukları ve çalışanların sorumlulukları olmak üzere üç boyutlu olarak
değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan basit regresyon analizi İSG’nin iş stresi üzerinde
negatif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ancak çoklu
regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre hastane yönetiminin İSG alanında
sorumluluklarını yerine getirdiği algısı iş stresi üzerinde negatif bir etkiye
sahipken, devletin sorumlulukları boyutunda pozitif ve anlamlı bir etki ortaya
çıkmıştır. Çalışanların sorumlulukları boyutunun ise anlamlı bir etkiye sahip
olmadığı görülmüştür.
Lisans Öğrencilerinin Sporda Sürdürülebilirliğe İlişkin Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi (Firat Üniversitesi Örneği)
Authors: YÜCEL Ali Serdar , ESKİYECEK Canan Gülbin , ÇİFTÇİ İsa , TAN Çetin , SAVUCU Yüksel , TÜRKMEN Aybala
Published: November 2018

Bu
araştırmanın amacı spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören lisans öğrencilerinin
sporda sürdürülebilirliğe ilişkin görüşlerinin tespit edilmesi ve bazı değişkenlere
göre incelenmesidir. Araştırma grubunu Fırat Üniversitesi Spor Bilimler Fakültesi’nde
öğrenim gören ve rastgele yöntemle seçilmiş olan 643 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri
toplama aracı olarak, Koçak ve ark. (2015) tarafından
geliştirilen 35 maddelik 6 alt boyuttan oluşan (Sosyal, Bireysel, Katılım,
Ekonomik, Örgütsel ve Çevresel Boyut) 5’li Likert ölçekli “Sporda
Sürdürülebilirlik Ölçeği (SSÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilen verilerin
SPPS 22.0 programı ile frekans ve yüzdelik hesaplanmaları
yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde; ikili karşılaştırmalar için t
testi, çoklu karşılaştırmalar için ise ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır (p<0.05).  Araştırmada lisans öğrencilerinin ölçeğe
ilişkin ortalamalarının 3.83 olduğu yani sporda sürdürülebilirliğe ilişkin
olumlu tutum sergiledikleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca lisans öğrencilerine ait demografik
ve sosyo-ekonomik değişkenlerin (cinsiyet, yaş, mezuniyet, yaşadığı yer, anne
ve baba eğitim durumu, lisansa sahip olma vb.) ölçek alt boyutları ile karşılaştırmalarında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.05). Araştırma sonucunda spor
bilimleri fakültesinde lisans öğrenimi göre öğrencilerin sporda sürdürülebilirliğe
ilişkin olumlu tutum sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir.
An application of complex neutrosophic sets to the theory of groups
Authors: Gulistan Muhammad , Smarandache Florentin , Abdullah Amir
Published: November 2018

In this article we introduce the concept of complex neutrosophıc subgroups (normal subgroups). We define the notion of alpha-cut of complex neutrosophıc set, give examples and study some of its related results. We also define the Cartesian product of complex neutrosophic subgroups. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of image and preimage of complex neutrosophic set and prove some of its properties.
Development of Topical Nanocarriers for Skin Cancer Treatment Using Quality by Design Approach
Authors: Csányi Erzsébet , Bakonyi Mónika , Kovács Anita , Budai-Szűcs Mária , Csóka Ildikó , Berkó Szilvia
Published: November 2018

Background:

One of the most compelling medical challenges of this century is the treatment
of cancer and among them, skin cancer is the most common type. Thus, current treatments need to be
renewed continuously to handle this challenge.

Objective:

This review presents considerations which can be employed during the development of
nanosized formulations dedicated to the topical treatment of skin cancer. We aimed to collect and organize
literature data on the treatment options for skin cancer in order to determine the required quality
attributes of an effective dermal anticancer formulation.

Method:

With the consideration of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach related to the development
of new pharmaceutical formulations, a cost-saving process ensuring a high-quality product taking into
account patient expectations, industrial and regulatory aspects can be achieved. Furthermore, this concept
is highly recommended by regulatory agencies.

Results:

Our work discusses the current therapies, active agents, drug carrier systems, and evaluation
methods in connection with the treatment of skin cancer and outlines Critical Quality Attributes which
need to be considered during the development of a nanosized dermal anticancer formulation.

Conclusion:

The first part of this review summarizes the most important topical treatment therapies for
skin cancer and highlights the future therapeutic perspectives, focusing on the benefits of nanotechnology
and dermal administration. The second part outlines the critical points of nanosized dermal anticancer
formulation development in the view of QbD approach. Our research emphasizes the application
of QbD method for a rationalized and more effective anticancer formulation development process.
Muñoz Machado, Santiago (dir.), Diccionario Panhispánico del Español Jurídico, Madrid, RAE/ Cumbre Judicial Iberoamericana/ Consejo General del Poder Judicial-Santillana, 2017.
Authors: Maya Flores María del Carmen
Published: November 2018

El Diccionario razonado de Legislación y Jurisprudencia, del ilustre magistrado español Joaquín Escriche y Martín, el cual se editó por primera vez en París en 1831, este se constituyó como el primer Diccionario Jurídico de la época, en el prólogo de la obra, el autor describe la necesidad de que existiera una pequeña biblioteca de la jurisprudencia, para que las leyes, usos, doctrinas, conceptos y el criterio de los jurisconsultos, estuviera al alcance de todos, incluso de los profesores de la ciencia. Esta importantísima obra se editaría en México posteriormente.3 Desde entonces, han pasado casi dos centurias, y es ahora la RAE que en convenio con el Consejo General del Poder Judicial de España, han elaborado en noviembre del 2014, el Diccionario del Español Jurídico, el proyecto de Diccionario fue dirigido por el Doctor Santiago Muñoz Machado, catedrático de Derecho Administrativo, la obra fue publicada en versión impresa en el 2016 y ha servido como antecedente al Diccionario Panhispánico del Español Jurídico.
ACTIVATED CARBON UTILIZATION FROM CORN COB (Zea mays) AS A HEAVY METAL ADSORBENT IN INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Authors: Christica IS , Julia R
Published: November 2018

Corn is a diet staple for many people in the world. It’s found as a side dish, in soup, in casseroles, and more. The use of corn as a food ingredient also increase corn production which is also leaves cobs waste that has not been optimally utilized. Therefore to increase the economic value and utilization of this plant, the corn cobs can be utilized as a bio absorbent through activation process. The purpose of this study was to reduce the concentration of heavy metal using activated carbon from corn cobs and also to determine the effect of the addition of activated carbon in various concentrations to heavy metal content. Determination of heavy metal absorption of Ferrous, Copper and Lead in industrial waste was using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Result showed that addition of 1 gram corn cob activated carbon   decreased level of ferrous, copper and lead as much as 60.20%; 59.24% and 59.67% respectively. The addition of 1.5 gram corn cob activated carbon   decreased level of ferrous, copper and lead as much as 80.01%, 79.5% and 79.89 % respectively It could be conculded that activated carbon form corn cobs decreased heavy metal content in industrial waste.
EFFECT OF ECLIPTA ALBA ON SCOPOLAMINE INDUCED AMNESIA IN MICE
Authors: Chahal Harmel Singh , Sharma Shailendra
Published: November 2018

The present study deals with the evaluation of potential effects of Eclipta alba (EA) in memory impairment of mice. Memory impairment was induced by scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i.p) in animals. To assess learning and memory in mice Morris water maze test was employed. The acetylcholinestrase enzyme (AChE) activity in brain was measured to evaluate the central cholinergic activity. The levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH)in brain were estimated to assess the degree of oxidative stress. Scopolamine treatment produces significant impairment of learning and memory in mice, as reflected by a significant decrease in MWM performance. Scopolamine also produced a significant enhancement of brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress (increase in TBARS and decrease in GSH) levels. EA (300 and 600 mg/kg,oral) significantly prevented scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits along with decrease of scopolamine-induced rise in brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress levels. It may be concluded that Eclipta alba has significant protective action against scopolamine induced memory deficits in mice that can be attributed to its anti AChE and anti oxidant actions.

Keywords:  Alzheimer disease, Oxidative stress, Morris water Maze, Scopolamine
Food Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among Food Handlers in University of Nigeria, Nsukka Campus
Authors: Odo Amelia Ngozi , Onoh Samuel C.
Published: November 2018

The study determined food hygiene knowledge and practices among food handlers in University of Nigeria, Nsukka Campus. Two specific objectives, two corresponding research questions, and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design. The population for the study was 165 food handlers. There was no sampling done. A researchers’- designed food hygiene knowledge and practices questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Frequencies and percentages were used to answer the research questions while Chi-square (X2) statistic was used to test the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Findings showed among others that all the respondents (100%) who have no formal education were knowledgeable about food hygiene; 90.8 per cent of those who have primary education, 92.3 per cent of those who have secondary education and 92.3 of those who have no tertiary education had good knowledge of food hygiene. There was no significant difference in the level of food hygiene knowledge possessed by food handlers based on level of education (P = >.05). There was no significant difference in the food hygiene practices of food handlers based on level of education (P = >.05). The study recommended among others, that managers of food business establishments should frequently supervise the hygienic condition under which food handlers working for them prepare food.
Atuação da Equipe de Enfermagem no Cuidado ao Paciente Grave
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Celin de
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Investigar como deve ser a atuação do profissional de enfermagem nos cuidados com o paciente grave, considerando a relevância da humanização da equipe de enfermagem em unidades de terapia intensiva adulta. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, descritiva, tendo como unidade de análise publicações relacionadas à assistência humanizada de enfermagem direcionada ao paciente crítico. Resultado e Discussão:  Conclusão: No estudo, observou-se que alguns profissionais de enfermagem desconhecem a Política Nacional de Humanização, observou-se que os profissionais que demonstram algum grau de conhecimento apresentam dificuldades para implementação desta, contudo acreditam que o cuidado humanizado contribui de maneira significativa na recuperação do paciente.
Land Reform in the Credit Cycle Framework: The Case of Ukraine
Authors: Matvieiev Mykhailo
Published: November 2018

In this work, I show that land reform can affect business cycle dynamics through the financial accelerator. For this purpose, I employed a conventional framework for Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models with collateral constraints to model the effect of agricultural land reforms. The model was estimated on the basis of Ukrainian data and tested with an impulse response function analysis. I found that the collateralization of agricultural land leads to a quantitatively significant additional loan-to-value shock amplification compared to the case when land cannot be used to secure loans.
Potencial de Inundação e Erosão do Parque Natural Municipal de Jacarenema, Vila Velha-ES (Flood and erosion potential of the municipal natural park of Jacarenema, Vila Velha-ES)
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos Alberto Kuster , Eguchi Branco Mateus Murata , Wanderley Thayana Caus , Alves Rodolfo Teixeira , Araújo Renato Ferreira de , Albino Jacqueline
Published: November 2018

No presente trabalho foi realizado o mapeamento da vulnerabilidade do Parque Natural Municipal de Jacarenema, localizado no município de Vila Velha/ES, frente a eventos de erosão e inundação causados pela elevação do nível do mar, segundo previsão do Painel Intergovernamental Sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC, 2014). Os resultados obtidos indicam grande perda de terreno, principalmente nas áreas de brejo, restinga e manguezal, o que pode acarretar em diversos impactos para a região, como a perda de habitat de diversas espécies, a salinização da água doce, a perda de áreas recreativas e turísticas do Parque e conflitos na ocupação de terrenos por moradores no entorno da UC.  A B S T R A C TIn the present work, the level of vulnerability within the Jacarenema Municipal Natural Park, Vila Velha / ES was assessed. This vulnerability is in regards to erosion and flood, caused by sea level rise. Sea level rise prediction was retrieved from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change.  The results indicate a loss of land equivalent to 40.24 ha (11.62% of the total), mainly in the areas of swamp, restinga and mangrove. This can lead to several impacts to the region. Such as salinization of fresh water, loss of habitat, recreational and tourist areas within the Park. Also, generating conflicts of occupation by residents in the surroundings of the conservation unit (CU).Keywords: Conservation Units, Coastal Vulnerability, Ground Covering.
Bahaya Kontaminasi Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) dalam Ikan Laut dan Upaya Pencegahan Kontaminasi pada Manusia
Authors: Hananingtyas Izza
Published: November 2018

Produk pangan mentah terutama dari hasil laut memiliki tingkat pencemaran logam berat yang mengkhawatirkan akibat semakin banyaknya bahan pencemar yang masuk dalam lingkungan perairan Indonesia yang berasal dari pembuangan limbah industri di sepanjang wilayah pantai dapat menjadi sumber racun bagi kehidupan perairan. Adanya kandungan logam berat di perairan Laut Jawa, memungkinkan adanya kotaminasi pada ikan laut hasil Laut Jawa yang didistribusikan ke masyarakat. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah yang mengatur dan melindungi keamanan pangan yaitu PP Nomor 28 tahun 2004 tentang Keamanan, Mutu, dan Gizi Pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur kadar logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada hasil laut di Pantai Utara Jawa dan menjelaskan upaya pencegahan kontaminasi pada manusia. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Akumulasi logam berat di dalam tubuh manusia dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat mengganggu sistem peredaran darah, urat syaraf dan kerja ginjal. Kadar rata - rata logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada ikan tongkol (Euthynnus sp.) di Pantai Utara Jawa sebesar 0,141 mg/kg. Langkah pengendalian yang dapat diterapkan untuk mencegah bahaya logam berat Hg yaitu dengan pengendalian pencemaran limbah dari industri yang berlokasi disekitar wilayah perairan Laut Utara Jawa. Upaya pencegahan akumulasi kontaminasi logam berat Hg pada manusia yaitu mengatur konsumsi ikan laut setiap harinya dengan perhitungan ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) diperoleh hasil 0,168 μg/kg BB per minggu. Akan tetapi bila konsumsi ikan seseorang melebihi rata-rata konsumsi perhari, dan weekly intake-nya melebihi PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intake) yang telah ditetapkan WHO, maka dapat berefek negatif pada kesehatan.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN GREEN BUILDING PADA BANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN (STUDI KASUS : GREEN SCHOOL BALI)
Authors: Hapsari Oktavi Elok
Published: November 2018

Green building concept is a discourse that is expected to address the challenges of today development. The formulated of Green Building in these six criteria can be used as a guide to produce a sustainable design. The six criteria are Rightness Land Use, Energy Efficiency and Conservation, Water Conservation, Material Sources & Cycles, Air Quality and Air Comfort in Space and Building Environmental Management. Green School Bali is buildings that perform green building. This educational institution has an concept that is combined education toward the environment create a healthy environment. This study aims to knowing the application of green building in the Green School Bali to use as a reference in designing. The research method used is literature study to analyze buildings. The results show that Green School Bali has implemented the six criteria of green building, especially in building design that can save energy consumption and use of bamboo materials in the entire building. Keywords: Green Building Concept, Green School Bali, Bamboo
Providing Library Services to Prisoners
Authors: Malone David Brian
Published: November 2018

Libraries are necessary to the educational process. Access to resources for incarcerated students is a challenge. Hekman Library supports the Calvin Prison Initiative in ways that support the educational mission of Calvin College and Calvin Theological Seminary.
Theological Librarians and Collection Management
Authors: Mayer Robert J
Published: November 2018

Theological libraries exist in a changing educational environment. New technologies impact how library services and library resources are managed and provided for students and faculty. This essay describes the formation of the 2015 collection management policy for the libraries of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, a multi-campus graduate school that trains students for service in congregations, religious organizations and ministries, and in mental health practice. The article suggests that collection management policy development must be collaborative and align with the mission, degree programs, and courses offered by the school. Moreover, it must serve all students--those in residence, those who commute to campus, and those who study through distance courses and programs. Library directors must engage their library professionals, faculty, students, and senior administrators.
Theological Libraries in Prison
Authors: Woodruff Tait Jennifer
Published: November 2018

For over 200 years, American prisons have operated library programs. Today, many colleges and seminaries with prison programs leading to theological degrees are working with how to provide resources to their incarcerated students. Here, several librarians share how they are meeting the challenges.
ENGLISH MODERNISM AND AMERICAN ‘TOURISTS’
Authors: Polovinkina O.
Published: November 2018

In recent years, modernist studies have tended to nationalize issues, putting forward specific features of American and British modernist writings. This article treats Anglo-American modernism in terms of ‘the inverted conquest’ (A. Mejias-Lopez) with America ‘wrestling cultural authority from its former European metropolis’. The article starts with the subject of periphery and centre changing places, first in the imagination of American writers and then in reality. In F. M. Ford’s novelThe Good Soldierthe situation is seen as if the American would absorb the English. An American John Dowell outmatches and ultimately disparages ‘the good soldier’ and a superior Briton Ashburnham. The novel is analyzed as a result of pushing together two ways of writing - English and American (Jamesonian). Louis MacNeice treats the ‘Americanization of poetry’ inModern Poetry: A Personal Essay(1938). InAspects of Modern Poetry(1934) Edith Sitwell affirms the triumph of T. S. Eliot’s early poetry over ‘the bareness of the line’ in Housman’sA Shropshire Lad, famous for its poetical Englishness. A sort of latent urge to reaffirm Englishness against advancing Americanism is obvious in Virginia Woolf’s essays on American writers.
FOR A MASS READER? NARINE ABGARYAN
Authors: Kulgavchuk M.
Published: November 2018

The article considers the works of a contemporary writer, winner of the Yasnaya Polyana 2016, N. Abgaryan in the context of the thinning borderline between mass and non-mass literature. Along with trying to make her readers laugh or shed a sympathetic tear (That Broad That’s Just Moved In [Ponaekhavshaya], 2011), Abgaryan has another agenda of showing the daily life of modern Armenia and its tragic history (People Who Are Always with Me [Lyudi, kotorie vsegda so mnoy], 2014), and insisting on a careful treatment of the single individual, of their past and future. The author argues that, after epitomizing the worst taste in the period between the 20th and the 21st centuries, mass literature has moved on to show a dramatic improvement of quality in the 2010s, as evidenced in N. Abgaryan’s works.
Impact of Excessive Screen-Based Media Use on Early Childhood Development: A Short Review
Authors: Pınar Yunus , Ünal Fatma , Kubilay Pınar Nihal
Published: November 2018

Over the recent years, a significant increase has been
observed in screen based media use among different age groups. Unregulated and
excessive use of technological instruments such as smart phones, tablets or
computers also leads to a number of health problems. Vision problems induced by
the use of technological instruments among youth and children are gradually
increasing in several countries across Europe. When we examine Eastern Asian countries,
we see that the prevalence is much higher. A study based in Taiwan discovered
that 84% of children have vision disorders. Apart from this, excessive screen
based media use is known to cause other problems during early childhood period
at various ages including attention deficit, sleep disorders, depression,
anxiety, academic inadequacy and linguistic development disorders. Unregulated
and excessive screen based media use demonstrates an incline with an increasing
acceleration every day. The objective of this brief evaluation article is to
investigate the problem in its current state in general, to highlight brain
plasticity during the early childhood period, and to open the effects of
excessive screen based media use particularly on linguistic development to
discussion in light of current studies.
Files Circulation and the Forms of Legal Experts
Authors: Barrera Leticia
Published: November 2018

A common assumption in Western legal cultures is that judicial law-making is
materialised in practices that resemble the operation of a professional
bureaucracy, practices that are also central to the construction of knowledge in
other systems, such as accounting, audit, science, and even ethnography
(Dauber 1995; Strathern 2000; Riles 2000, 2004, 2006; Maurer 2002; Yngvesson
and Coutin 2006). This argument situates the judiciary as a formalistic
organization that builds its ambition of universality on the procurement and
dissemination of knowledge on a rational basis. Drawing on ethnographic
research in the Argentine Supreme Court, this paper seeks to unpack this
assumption through a detailed look at how the figures of legal bureaucrats, in
particular law clerks, become visible through the documentary practices they
perform within the judicial apparatus. As these practices unfold, they render
visible these subjects in different forms, though not always accessible to
outsiders. Persons are displayed through a bureaucratic circuit of files that
simultaneously furthers and denies human agency while reinforcing the division
of labour within the institution. This dynamic, I argue, can be understood in
light of Marilyn Strathern’s (1988) insights about the forms of objectification
and personification that operate in two “ethnographically conceived” social
domains (Pottage 2001:113): a Euro-American commodity-driven economy,
and Melanesia’s economy based on gift-exchange.
Legal dynamics in a border area
Authors: Bardhoshi Nebi
Published: November 2018

This article considers factors that have effected and influenced the
continuity of the customary law named the Kanun of Lek Dukagjini in
some areas of Albanian and Kosovo. It draws on ethnographic data on the
border area villages between Albania and Kosovo to discuss the dynamics
and tensions that are created between state and non-state law vis-à-vis
justice in highly complex and problematic social, economic, and political
contexts. Customary law and state law seem to be two conflicting legal
ideologies. However, the article considers everyday settings where people
make use of both legal systems in order to regulate matters especially
related to property issues. The new legal realities create around property
ownership imply new type of relations vis-à-vis family and kinship
structures which oscillate between the two systems.