bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of TIVA by romifidine as a premedication, midazolam and ketamine in donkeys
Authors: Amin Ayad A.
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the clinical effects of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) by romifidine 0.1mg/kg as a premedication and anesthesia by intravenous injection of a mixture of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine hydrochloride 2.2 mg/kg in the ten health She donkeys. The maintenance of anesthesia was performed by intravenous infusion of a mixture of the midazolam 0.065mg/kg/hrs and ketamine 6.6mg/kg /hrs prepared in 500ml normal saline. Data were collected just before intravenous administration of premedication (control data) and after the administration of anesthetics drugs at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes. The clinical parameters measured included: Anesthetic Parameter (induction, anesthetic time and recovery), rectal body temperature, arterial oxyheamglobin saturation in blood (SPO2), analgesia, muscles relaxation, at the above times until the donkey responds to external stimuli. The results of the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia by this regime was found to be superior and stable. Recovery from anaesthesia was smooth and similar quality in all animals. The body temperature showed significant differences between control and 5min 37.35 ± 0.054 ;37.19 ± 0.08 ◦C with 15 min and above to the 60 min, while in SPO2 (%) the result showed significant difference (P<0.05) in time 90 min 97.4 ± 0.541 with 10min ; 15min 94.6 ± 1.229 ;93.7 ± 1.075 %and 20 min 93.9 ± 1.075%. There were no adverse effects noted following this anesthetic regime.
The antibacterial activity of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus isolates against sensitive reference strain Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052 and its stability to different pH, heating and storage temperatures
Authors: Najim Najim Hadi
Published: May 2021

Two isolates of Lactobacillus acidophilus were isolated from locally homemade soft cheese and identified in accordance with their main features as described by bergeys manual of determinative bacteriology .Agar well diffusion bioassay was used for the evaluation of antimicrobial activity of cell free supernatant (culture filtrates) of Lactobacillus acidophilus isolates against the sensitive strain Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052 and the diameter of the inhibition zone was proportional to the bacteriocin concentration. The antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin was proportional to the reciprocal of the highest dilution factor producing a detectable zone of inhibition . The storage temperature of the crude bacteriocin had a significant(P˂ 0.01) effect on its potency against the sensitive strain .The potential of the antimicrobial activities of the crude bacteriocin that was stored for 10 days at refrigeration temperature (4°C) was significantly (P˂ 0.01) higher than that stored at room temperature. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the crude bacteriocin was heat stable and retaining 100% of its activity after its exposure to 60 °C & 80°C for 10 minutes .Boiling of the crude bacteriocin for 30 minutes had significantly (P˂ 0.01) decreased its potency to 0% .The potency of the crude bacteriocin was stable after four hours of exposure to both neutral (pH7) and acidic (pH4) conditions but was inactivated at alkaline (pH9) condition.
The immunomodulatory effect of Neem (Azadirachtaindica) seed aqueous, ethanolic extracts and Candida albicans cell wall mannoproteins on immune response in mice vaccinated with Brucella Rev-1
Authors: Faal Tareq J.
Published: May 2021

In the present study, the immunomodulatory effect of Neem (Azadirachtaindica)seed aqueous, ethanolic extracts and Candida albicans cell wall mannoproteins on theimmune response of mice vaccinated with Brucella Rev-1 vaccine was investigated. Thestudy was conducted on two main groups(160 mice for each group), Each group wasdivided into eight subgroups 20 mice for each (I: treated with distilled water, II: treatedwith the Brucella Rev-1 vaccine, III: treated with mannoproteins, IV: treated with neemaqueous extract, V: treated with neemethanolic extract, VI, VII and VIII: treated withmannoproteins, neem aqueous extract and neemethanolic extract, respectively, then theywere vaccinated with Brucella Rev-1). All these treatments were carried out on day 1and then vaccinated with brucella Rev-1 vaccine on day 4 .Then the mice were tested asfollows , on day 8 after vaccination(serum IFN-γ level), day 21 for (anti-Brucellaantibody titer). The doses of both plant extracts and mannoproteins represented 10% ofthe calculated LD50 (neem extracts: 3.8096 g/Kg mannoproteins: 5.7144 mg/Kg), whichwere given subcutaneously. Mice of the second main group were injected with theimmune suppressive drug prednisolone (5mg/Kg) 5 days prior to the treatments, whichcarried out on mice of the first main group. The results demonstrated clearimmunomodulatory effects (improvement of non-specific, humoral immunity) of thetested immunomodulators in mice vaccinated with Brucella Rev-1 as compared withmice that were not treated with Neem extracts or mannoproteins. In this regard, Theinterferon-γ showed a significant increase (P≤ 0.01) serum level in immunomodulatortreatedand -vaccinated mice in comparison with negative and positive groups, and againgroup VII showed the highest increase. The anti-Brucella antibodies assessed by indirectImmunoflourescent test also showed a significant increase titer in immunomodulatortreatedand -vaccinated mice in comparison with negative and positive groups .Conclusion: The aqueous and ethanolicNeem seed extract reported the highestenhancement in all immunological parameters employed in comparison withmannoproteins of Candida albicans cell wall.
دراسة لتأثر صفات الأداء الإنتاجي لأغنام سلالة العواسي المحلية بالخمج التجريبي المشترك بمثقبيات الكبد Fasciola gigantica Haemonchus contortus والديدان الاسطوانية
Authors: مهدي هادي صالح
Published: May 2021

هدفت التجربة دراسة مدى تأثر قياسات قيم صفتين إنتاجيتين في أغنام العواسي المحلية وهما معدل الزيادة الوزنية (كغم) الأسبوعية وطول خصلة الصوف (سم) المنتج لأجل اعتماد قيم قياسات تلك الصفتين في أمكانية تحديد (درجة المقاومة الذاتية ودرجة الاستعداد) للإصابة بالخمج التجريبي المشترك بمثقبيات الكبد والديدان السلكية لغرض انتخاب وتربية السلالة المحلية (الأكثر مقاومة ذاتية واقل استعدادا للإصابة) كأحد طرق السيطرة على الأمراض الطفيلية المسببة لانخفاض إنتاج هذة الأغنام . أغنام أخمجت 5 أغنام كمجموعة السيطرة . ومجموعة من 4 راس من أغنام العواسي المحلية قسمت إلى مجموعتين , 9اختيرت F مذنبة متكيسة / كغم وزن جسم ) لمثقبيات الكبد 3 ( تجريبيا بجرعة مقدارها .gigantica الشائع محليا وبجرعة خمجية مقدارها أسبوع ووقد ترسخ 21 .استمرت التجربة مدة H.contortus / كغم وزن جسم ) للديدان السلكية L3 يرقة الطور الثالث 511 ( في الأسبوع الرابع من مدة التجربة مطروحة مع براز مجموعة الخمج H.contortus الخمج بنجاح حيث لوحظت بيوض طفيلي من مدة التجربة مطروحة مع براز 84 في الأسبوع F.gigantica التجريبي لأغنام العواسي كما ولوحظت بيوض طفيلي مجموعة الخمج التجريبي لأغنام العواسي . وأشارت النتائج بانخفاض في الزيادة الوزنية (كغم) الأسبوعية لأغنام المجموعة ا ة أسبوع من التجربة أكثر انخفاض 85 – 81 مقارنة بأغنام مجموع السيطرة وسجلت الفترة المحصورة بين ً لمخمجة تجريبيا متأثر بالخمج في الزيادة الوزنية (كغم) الأسبوعية . وقد سجلت أغنام مجموعة الخمج انخفاضا في صفة طول (P<0.05)معنوي . مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة (P<0.01) خصلة
eatelaf@yahoo.com
Authors: Khudhir Zina Saab
Published: May 2021

The main objectives of the present study were to assess the incidence of E .coli O157:H7 serotype in both raw milk and locally produced soft cheese samples and to evaluate the efficacy of new immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique for the first time in Iraq for isolation of the same serotype from such products compared to the conventional cultural method .A total of 50 raw milk and soft cheese samples (25 samples of each) were collected randomly at weekly intervals from different retail markets in Baghdad province and its surroundings during the period of six months (from October 2011 March 2012). Each sample was divided into two equal parts where the first part was analyzed for the conventional cultural method and the second part was analyzed for the immunomagnetic separation technique. Five isolates (20%) and seven (28%) were identified as E.coli O157:H7 from the same raw milk samples by both the conventional cultural method and (IMS) technique respectively. Two (8%) and four isolates (16%) were identified as E.coli O157:H7 the same soft cheese samples using the same above methods. The detection limits by the conventional cultural method were 4x103 cfu/ml and 7x102 cfu/gm of raw milk and soft cheese samples respectively, while the detection limits by the (IMS) technique were 1x102 cfu/ml and 12x10 cfu/gm of raw milk and soft cheese sample respectively .Results obtained in this study revealed that the IMS technique has been recognized to be significantly (P<0.05) more efficient in its sensitivity for the detection of low numbers of E.coli O157:H7 than the direct plating conventional method for both raw milk and soft cheese samples.
Effect of Sperm Selection by ''Swim-Up" Technique on the Sex Ratio of In Vitro Produced Ovine Embryos
Authors: Hadi Saja
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the percentage of male and female ovine embryos produced after oocytes fertilization by sperm selected with self-migration (swim-up) technique. The sex of in vitro produced embryos was determined by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). results indicate that the fertilization by sperm selected using Swim-up technique was 81.8%  (9/11) male and 18.1% (2/11) female in vitro produced embryos when centrifuged at 200×g, while centrifugation at 300×g  was 72.7% (8/11) male and 27.2% (3/11) female embryos. It was concluded that the use of “swim-up” technique refer to significant (P<0.05) occurred for increasing male embryos ratio compared with normal ratio (50%) which represent the sex, and it is for the first time, preselected sperms used for In Vitro fertilization (gender selection) in farm animals in Iraq.
Optimal post-breeding interval for pregnancy diagnosis in mares by using ultrasonographic technique
Authors: M. Rasheed Y.
Published: May 2021

The present study was conducted in two different farms, including (256) foaling mares in : AL-Laith equine herd and equestrian club in AL-Ameria, 4-14 years old foaling mares which are situated in areas around Baghdad and extended one calendar from July 2011 until July 2012 . These mares were examined for pregnancy diagnosis by trans-rectal ultrasonography using a 5 MHz lineararray transducer between Days 10 and 40 after breeding (breeding day = Day 0). Criteria to assess the accuracy of trans-rectal sonography were overall accuracy (correct diagnoses/all diagnoses), sensitivity (correct diagnoses "pregnant"/all pregnant animals), and specificity (correct diagnoses "non-pregnant" /all non-pregnant animals. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of trans-rectal ultrasonography were 91.4%, 96.2% and 94.7%, respectively, around day (10-40). Accuracy, Sensitivity and Specificity of pregnancy diagnosis were superior (97.8%, 95.2% and 100%), respectively, in (31 - 35) day post breeding (P< 0.01). The results of this study showed a significant difference (P<0.01) in the parameters of sensitivity and various post-breeding intervals. The results of the present study revealed that using trans-rectal ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis in mares could be used and are reliable under field conditions from day (31) of Gestation onward
The synergistic bactericidal effects of bacteriocin and pressurization against E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk
Authors: Najim Najim Hadi
Published: May 2021

Colonies of E.coli O157:H7 were isolated from 35 raw milk sample and their identification were confirmed based on biochemical reactions and both cultural and serological characteristics. Presumptive E.coli O157:H7 isolates obtained by selective plating on both CT-SMAC and Chromogenic agars were further tested serologically for the presence of both O157 and H7 antigenes using the commercial available latex agglutination test kit. The unhygienic practices in the production of milk in Al-Thahab Al- Abiedh , Abu-Graib, Al-Zedan and Khan Dharie were reflected on the highest significant (p<0.01)prevalence level of contamination with E.coli O157:H7 that appeared to be 80%, 80%, 60% and60% respectively. Homogenization pressure of 1000 psi and 2000 psi for five passes had significantly (p<0.05) influenced the inactivation degree of E.coli O157:H7 in both whole milk and nutrient broth. Milk homogenized at a pressure level of 3000 psi for three passes and 4000 psi for two passes resulted in a further increase of the antimicrobial effectiveness and produced an additional significant (p<0.05) reduction of E.coli O157:H7. Complete elimination (inactivation) of viable E.coli O157:H7 was achieved when cultured whole milk was homogenized at pressure level of 5000 psi for a single pass. Agar well diffusion bioassay was used for the evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the crude bacteriocin produced by L.acidophilus LA-K against E.coli O157:H7. Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli O157:H7 expressed its resistance to the crude bacteriocin since it did not show any inhibition zone around each well treated with bacteriocin. The average diameters of the inhibition zones of crude bacteriocin against stressed E.coli O157:H7 by pressurization at 4000 psi, 3000 psi, 2000 psi and 1000 psi were 14 mm, 12mm, 10mm and 8mm respectively. The homogenization pressure level (moderate or high) had significantly (p<0.05) influenced the inactivation degree of the crude bacteriocin against the stressed E.coli O157:H7 by pressurization. Quantitative measurement of crude bacteriocin antimicrobial activity was determined by using photometric or turbidometric method. The results revealed that no growth of stressed E.coli O157:H7 with no visible turbidity in the nutrient broth with bacteriocin that diluted to 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 were observed. Bacteriocin that diluted to 1/8 which resulted in no visible turbidity after overnight of incubation at 37C° and gave an optical density reading of 1.448.
The Protective role of Pomegranate seed oil (Pometon) on kidney (functional and structural) damage induced by Methionine overload in adult female Rabbits
Authors: Salman Ahmed Dawood
Published: May 2021

This study  was designed to investigate the protective effect of Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on kidney damage induced by methionine overload in adult female rabbits. Twenty four  adult female local rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups, and they were treated daily for 42 days,as fallow: the first group (C): rabbits  were received ordinary corn oil orally, serving as control, while aniamls in the second  group T1 were intubated with methionine (100 mg/kg BW) orally and animals in third group (T2)  were intubated with methionine (100mg/kg BW) plus pometon (30mg/kg BW) diluted in corn oil wihle, rabbits in fourth group (T3) were intubated with pometone (30 mg/kg BW) diluted in corn oil.Fasting blood samples were collected from all experimental groups at 0, 21, and 42 days of experiment to study the parameters: Serum creatinine (SC) concentration and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration. Sections of kidney were assessed for histopathological studies. The result revealed that exposure of animals to methionine in group (T1) for 42 days caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in SC, BUN, concentrations as comparing to pomegranate  treated groups and control. While oral intubation of PSO caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in the previous and correct the values near that of the control. Exposure to methionine overload showed severe acute cellular degeneration with   mononuclear cells infiltration between renal tubules while  there was no clear pathlogical lesions in kidney section after PSO intubation. In conclusion, it seems that  Pomegranate seed oil intubation possessed renoprotactive (functional and structural) effect against deleterious damage induced by Methionine overload  in rabbits.
Effect of crude polyphenol extracted from black olive fruit (Olea europae) on male reproductive system of rats
Authors: Obaid Anwar Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of olive polyphenols (200 mg/kg) on mature reproductive performance of male rats subjected to oxidative stress by 1%hydrogen peroxide. Twenty rats were divided randomly into four equal groups and treated for 30 days to control group C which were orally adminstrated ordinary tap water, while the first group (G1) was given 1% H2O2 in drinking water, the second group (G2) was treated orally alcoholic extract of polyphenol in olive (200mg/kg) by oral intubation. The third treated group (G3) was treated orally H2O2 and black olive fruit- polyphenol. Blood samples were collected after 30 days for measuring, the serum concentration of testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and leuitinizing hormone (LH). At the end of experiment, the animals were scarified and testis were removed, weighed as well as section from them were taken for histopathological study and the epididymis were taken for counting dead and live sperms. The results showed a significant increase in the weight of the testis in G2 group as compared to the control and significant decrease in the percentage of live sperms in (G1) group and significant increase in the percentage of dead sperms in H2O2 treated G1 group and control group. The results show significant differences in testosterone hormone concentration between treated groups and control group while there was known significant increased in concentration of luteinizing hormone between treated groups and control group. There was a significant decrease in FSH in treated (G1) group comparing with control group. The histological study showed edema and thickness of basement membrane of seminiferous tubules with incomplete spermatogenesis process in treated (G1) group, there were no lesions observed in other treated groups. Finally, the outcomes of of this study documented the advantageous effect of crude polyphenolic compounds of olive against the harmful effect of H2O2 on reproductive system of adult males rats.
تأثير حليب التين latex Ficuscarica في بعض اعضاء الفئران وفي نمو الخلايا اللمفاوية لدم الإنسان في الزجاج
Authors: الجبوري خليل حسن
Published: May 2021

تناولت هذه  الدراسة معرفة التأثيرات السمية لمادة حليب التين في الفئران حيث استخرجت الجرعة القاتلة الوسطية بعد حقنها داخل الخلب والتي كانت مساوية إلى 30 ملغرام/ كغم من وزن الجسم، ثم عملت 4 تخافيف من مادة حليب التين وهي 1 و3 و4 و5 مليغرام/ كغم من وزن الجسم واختبرت على أربع مجاميع من الفئران بالحقن داخل الخلب وبجرعة مقدارها 0.2 مليليتر يومياً لمدة ثلاثين يوماً، بعدها أجريت الصفة التشريحية لحيوانات التجربة ولوحظت التغيرات العيانية وجود احتقان، التهاب ونزف حبري في الأمعاء وفي كل من الكبد والكليتين وتضخم الطحال وبنسب متفاوتة بين المجاميع الأربع، وأظهر الفحص النسجي المرضي وجود احتقان الأوعية الدموية للكبد والكليتين يصاحبها تنكس ونخر شديد في خلايا الكبد والكليتين وفي الطحال ظهر ترسب صبغة الهيموسدرين بكميات كبيرة مع الارتشاح النشواني. كما تناولت الدراسه مقارنة تأثير مادة حليب التين بمادةPHA (phytohaemagglutinin) ومادة الكولجسين (colchicine) على الخلايا اللمفاوية لدم الإنسان في الزجاج  بعمل 6 تخافيف ثنائية من حليب التين. أظهرت النتائج أنّ التركيز125 مايكروغرام/مليليتر من الوسط الزرعي صعوداً إلى التراكيز العالية من حليب التين تأثيراً ساماً على الخلايا اللمفاوية في حين كانت نسبة معامل الانقسامmitotic index  للتراكيز (62.5 و31.25) 0.13 % و 0.2 % على التوالي وكان معامل انقسام الأرومات اللمفاوية lymphoblasts للتركيزين السابقين مساوياً 15 % و 18% على التوالي وهي أقل من معامل انقسام ونسبة الأرومات اللمفاوية عند المعاملة بمادة PHA حيث كان معامل الانقسام مساوياً لـ 0.6 ونسبة الأرومات اللمفاوية 35%. في حين اظهر حليب التين عدم تشابه لمادة الكولجسين ولجميع التراكيز المستعملة التي كانت مساوية للتراكيز نفسها المستعملة عند مقارنة حليب التين معPHA . نستنتج من هذه الدراسة أنّ حليب التين يمتلك تاثيرات سمية حادة عند حقنها داخل الخلب في الفئران، عدم قابلية حليب التين على إيقاف نمو الخلايا اللمفاوية المزروعة في الزجاج وعليه لا تشبه مادة الكولجسين وبجميع التراكيز المستعملة. ويمتلك حليب التين تاثيراً محفزاً لانقسام الخلايا اللمفاوية لدم الإنسان المزروعة في الزجاج عند التراكيز الواطئة وتأثيرات سامة في هذه الخلايا عند التراكيز العاليه.
دراسة بعض الخواص الكيميائية والنوعية للحوم بعض الأسماك المجمدة المستوردة للعراق
Authors: السعدون نجوى منذر ماجد
Published: May 2021

أجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة مدى صلاحية ثلاثة  أنواع  من الأسماك المجمدة المستوردة للعراق هي الأسماك الكاملة (التراوت القزحي) Oncorhynchus  mykiss علامة Mersin وأسماك الجري من دون رأس Pangasius  hypophthalmus علامة الصياد وشرائح سمك الجري) النوع نفسه (علامة الفاخر والمشتراة من  ثلاث مناطق في بغداد وهي العامرية والأعظمية والبياع أجريت الفحوص الكيميائية والنوعية لعينات الأسماك المجمدة إذ قُدّرت نسب الرطوبة والبروتين والدهن والرماد ومعرفة كمية العناصر الملوثة وهي النحاس والرصاص وتقدير كمية الهستامين. فكانت نسبة الرطوبة لعينات الأسماك الكاملة بلغت 0.23±71.86   و 72.00 ±0.31و0.33±  72.06% لمناطق البياع والعامرية والأعظمية على التوالي، أما  الأسماك  من دون  رأس فكانت0.25 ±74.88  و0.23± 75.57  و0.29±  76.14% لمناطق الأعظمية والعامرية والبياع على التوالي وشراح الفيليه  80.30 ±0.24و  80.33 ±0.21و 81.30 ±1.20% لمناطق العامرية والأعظمية والبياع على التوالي، وبلغت نسب البروتين لعينات الأسماك الكاملة  21.18 ±0.21و 21.25 ±0.19و 21.50 ±0.17% لمناطق العامرية والبياع والأعظمية على التوالي والأسماك من دون رأس17.31 ±0.10  و 17.51 ±0.10و17.55 ±0.11 % لمناطق البياع والعامرية والأعظمية على التوالي وشرائح الفيلية  16.67 ±0.14و 16.75 ±0.14و16.81 ±0.11% لمناطق الأعظمية والعامرية والبياع على التوالي. وأظهرت نتائج فحص الملوثات خلو العينات من التلوث بالرصاص وبلغت كمية النحاس للأسماك الكاملة1.29 ±0.10  و 1.41 ±0.08 و 1.55 ±0.02ملغم/كغم لمناطق البياع والأعظمية والعامرية على التوالي وفي الأسماك من دون رأس  0.87 ±0.01و 1.04 ±0.14 و 1.31 ±0.17ملغم/كغم لمناطق العامرية والأعظمية والبياع على التوالي أما  في الفيليه فكانت  1.29 ±0.06 و1.18 ±0.13 و 1.50 ±0.13ملغم/كغم لمناطق العامرية والبياع والأعظمية على التوالي. في حين كانت كمية الهستامين للأسماك الكاملة 7.55 ±0.40 و 7.69 ±0.33و 7.84 ±0.38ملغم/كغم لمناطق البياع والعامرية والأعظمية على التوالي أما  في الأسماك من دون رأس فبلغت  5.93 ±0.31و  8.06 ±0.64و 9.43 ±1.10ملغم/كغم لمناطق العامرية والبياع والأعظمية على التوالي وفي الفيليه5.51 ±0.07  و5.55 ±0.09  و 5.85 ±0.12ملغم/كغم لمناطق البياع والعامرية والأعظمية على التوالي، نستنتج من هذه الدراسة إن نتائج بعض الفحوص الكيميائية والنوعية لعينات بعض أنواع الأسماك المجمدة المستوردة للعراق قد اثبتت صلاحية الأنواع المدروسة للاستهلاك البشري بعد مقارنتها مع قيم المواصفات القياسية العراقية والدولية المعتمدة عالمياً.
Cevik’s three-cycle acupuncture (CTCA)
Authors: Cemal Cevik
Published: May 2021

Three-cycle acupuncture is a new acupuncture practice. This application is an objective patient-oriented application instead of subjective methods used in diagnosing acupuncture. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture are enlightened and made easier. The proper flow and quality of Chi are fundamental to treatment and optimal health in Chinese medicine. In the body, the channels of energy known as meridians connect to the internal organs so that the qi of the organs flows to its associated body parts. In Chinese Traditional Medicine, energy flows through our 12 main meridians or energetic pathways, in two-hour blocks. Chi begins its daily flow in the Lungs and traverses to the Large Intestine before continuing to its next destination. It finally stops at the Liver, before it begins again. If the chi is blocked in a certain organ, it will not be able to completely activate that organ or continue its journey with enough intensity to fully benefit the next organ system. If we provide the flow of Chi in the pathological cycle, the cycle starts and the complaints disappear. With this acceptance, we introduced the concept of three-cycle acupuncture. Thus, we can only perform treatment without the need for another diagnosis method. We used the Yuan points of the organs belonging to the pathological cycle to remove the obstruction. The method was very effective and we got very good answers. We have been using the method in our polyclinics for five years.
Considerations When Working Bioenergetically Using Videoconferencing
Authors: Guest Diana , Parker Jan
Published: May 2021

This article describes how bioenergetic therapists have had to adjust their clinical work due to the pandemic. We discuss factors to consider when working virtually or by telephone as well as the limitations imposed by the pandemic. Specific suggestions designed to assist the therapist in connecting, tracking, and working with clients are described. Ways to adapt bioenergetic techniques are included. We offer specific examples from the authors and our colleagues about how to adapt somatic interventions to the virtual environment. Additionally, therapist self-care, including ways to reduce Zoom fatigue, is addressed.
Número de cirurgiões-dentistas e PIB per capita nos municípios paraibanos com cursos de graduação em Odontologia
Authors: Sousa Juliane Alves de , Simões Thamyres Maria Silva , Catão Maria Helena Chaves de Vasconcelos
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi relacionar a distribuição dos cursos de Odontologia, número de cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) e  PIB per capita em municípios paraibanos com cursos de graduação em Odontologia. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo com utilização de dados coletados diretamente dos sites do Conselho Federal de Odontologia, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e do Cadastro Nacional de Cursos e Instituições de Ensino Superior. Todos os dados utilizados nesta pesquisa são de acesso público. A Paraíba possui 16 cursos de graduação em Odontologia, distribuídos em 6 munícipios: Araruna (1; 6,25%), Cabedelo (1; 6,25%), Cajazeiras (2; 12,50%), Campina Grande (6; 37,50%), João Pessoa (4; 25,00%) e Patos (2; 12,50%). Os municípios com maiores valores de PIB per capita, como João Pessoa (R$24.319,82) e Campina Grande (R$21.077,30), apresentaram também maior número de CD, com uma correlação positiva entre os valores do PIB per capita de cada município e a quantidade de cursos e profissionais. Apesar disso, Cabedelo, município paraibano com apenas um curso de Odontologia, sendo este na rede privada, e 126 CDs em atividade, tem o maior PIB per capita do estado (R$ 42.556,16). O PIB per capita parece ser responsável pela distribuição de CDs nos municípios com cursos de graduação em Odontologia, no entanto, fatores como qualidade de vida, mercado de trabalho e saúde, tendem a exercer forte influência na distribuição destes profissionais.
A revision of the lichen genus Platismatia (Parmeliaceae) in Russia, with a key to the species
Authors: Kuznetsova E. S , Stepanchikova I. S. , Skirina I. F. , Chesnokov S. V. , Himelbrant D. E.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of the study on Platismatia species in Russia. The genus Platismatia counts 11 species, distributed mainly in the Pacific region, with some endemics of western North America and northeastern Asia. Six species were known from Russia by the beginning of our studies, but a revision of the herbarium collections showed that three species (P. erosa, P. herrei, and P. lacunosa) were reported erroneously. Based on morphological and chemotaxonomical (HPTLC) examination of the herbarium collections and our own material, as well as the study of relevant literature, four species of Platismatia are here accepted for Russia: P. glauca, P. interrupta, P. lacunosa, and P. norvegica. Platismatia lacunosa is reported here as a new for Russia from the Commander Islands. The distribution of P. glauca and P. interrupta is clarified. A key to all species of the genus reported from Russia and brief descriptions of the Russian species are presented.
New data on aphyllophoroid fungi (Basidiomycota) of the Darvinsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve (within the Vologda Region)
Authors: Kotkova V. M.
Published: May 2021

The paper provides the data on aphyllophoroid fungi of the Darvinsky State Nature Reserve. The research was carried out on the territory of the reserve located in the Cherepovets District of the Vologda Region. Annotated list of species includes 216 species annotated by data on their habitats, substrates and frequency, including data on 183 species (marked *) new to the reserve. In total 135 species (marked **) are published for the first time for the Vologda Region. Locations of 3 species listed in the Red Book of the Vologda Region and 2 species in need of biological control, and other rare species (Asterostroma laxum, Kavinia alboviridis, Radulodon erikssonii) were found in the protected area. The specimens of selected species are kept in the Mycological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE).
The genus Rinodina (Physciaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Magadan Region (Far East of Russia)
Authors: Galanina I. A. , Yakovchenko L. S. , Zheludeva E. V. , Ohmura Y.
Published: May 2021

The lichen genus Rinodina in the Magadan Region is revised on the basis of extensive collections by the authors in 2011–2015. Fifteen species have been recorded, of which Rinodina cinereovirens, R. endospora, R. laevigata, R. metaboliza, R. olivaceobrunnea, R. parasitica, and R. subparieta are new for the study area. Rinodina endospora and R. sicula are rare in Russia and have only recently been found in Northeastern Asia. The presence of R. archaea and R. exigua in the Far East of Russia has not yet been confirmed.
Differential expression of sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 1 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 1, SPRY1, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. SPRY1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of SPRY1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal and luminal A subtype cancer, but in a contrary manner, demonstrating a complex relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. SPRY1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Non-spatial and Spatial Linear Regression
Authors: Steenbeek Wouter , Ruiter Stijn
Published: May 2021

This chapter gives an introduction to the workhorse of quantitative statistical analysis, linear regression analysis, assuming minimal background knowledge of the reader. We give a broad overview of linear regression analysis using one predictor variable and then turn to regression with multiple predictor variables and key assumptions, which segues into regression analysis of areal units that include spatial dependence. Throughout we use the statistical programming environment R, and we try to summarize the most important challenges that an applied researcher will face. As this is just an introduction to the topic, we provide references to sources that are highly recommended for any researcher who aims to understand or apply (spatial) linear regression analysis.
Implementation of Top Up & Refund Balance Application at FoodCourt
Authors: Kusnawan Agus , Permatasari Irma , Riki Riki
Published: May 2021

effectiveness and efficiency in management of information systems are very important to determine the success and smoothness of the company. With the demands of transaction speed and ease of getting information. Waterfall is a method used in building this system, where the ease of use. With the application of a computerized system it is concluded that it can correct weaknesses and reduce the level of errors in making reports and To produce good reports, the transfer of data must be done carefully, because accuracy is expected to be required by the administration in data processing and also cooperation and a sense of responsibility. each personnel is expected to achieve maximum results.
The Role of Nutrition Counseling in Controlling the Non-Communicable Diseases among Nepali Women
Authors: Maharjan Kabita , Chaudhary Deepak
Published: May 2021

The general perception of nutrition is that it is just the process of taking food. However, it represents food science that ultimately relates to human health. Unhealthy and imbalanced food and the modern lifestyle are contributing to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent days. Hypertension, diabetes and cancer are some major NCDs across the world that have created challenges for human life. Annually, millions of people die due to the food related problems. The major objective of the study is to analyze the health status of non-communicable diseases among Nepali women. This study emphasizes the counseling and modification of diet that are crucial in controlling non-communicable illness. This study is based on the secondary data and review of literature. All these data were reviewed through journals, research articles, books, and the association’s dietary guidelines. The reports by WHO, Nepal Demographic Health Survey, American Heart Association, American Lung Association and National Institute of Diabetes are also reviewed. The experience of working in this field for a long time has also been utilized in analyzing the data. A number of NCDs is being increased globally and Nepal is no exception. The WHO report of 2018 reveals that NCDs are killing 41 million people yearly, equivalent to 71% of all death globally. Similarly, 15 million people die from it between 30 and 69 age groups, and 85% of these 'premature' deaths in low and middle-income countries. According to NDHS (2016), the prevalence of hypertension in women in Nepal is 17% of those aged 15 and above. Alter food habits, overweight and obesity as well as food practices during pregnancy, after delivery and daily intake of convenience fast food in Tiffin and snacks are some reasons to increase the NCDs. Nutrition counselling and awareness, dietary policy guidelines and an active role of diet specialist (dietician/nutritionist) will be the effective mitigation in controlling the NCDs number.
„Rozdarty skafander” Rafała Wilczura. O melancholii bohatera powieści Tadeusza Dołęgi-Mostowicza
Authors: Kwak Sabina
Published: May 2021

Co się dzieje z człowiekiem, gdy traci bliskich? Jak się zachowuje, kiedy w najmniej spodziewanym momencie, pełen radości i nadziei na przyszłość, zostaje pozbawiony towarzystwa ukochanej żony i jedynej córeczki? Studium takiego właśnie przypadku zaprezentował w powieści, pochodzącej z roku 1936, Tadeusz Dołęga‑Mostowicz. Autorka dowodzi, że powieść Znachor to przede wszystkim opowieść o stracie i radzeniu sobie z nią; o ucieczce od samego siebie, degradacji „ja”, grzebaniu przeszłości. Analiza fabuły utworu pod kątem postępującej pracy żałoby, a także przedstawienie napędzających akcję losów Rafała Wilczura – od utraty żony i dziecka, przez amnezję (anihilację osobowości), po odzyskaną wraz z łaską wybaczenia pamięć – pozwala spojrzeć badaczce na najbardziej filmową powieść autora Kariery Nikodema Dyzmy w nowy sposób. Lektura psychoanalityczna odkrywa jej drugie dno.
ASSESSMENT OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT IN BAB-AL MUADHAM REGION AT BAGHDAD
Authors: H. Abd Al Satar Nawras , E. Sachit Dawood
Published: May 2021

The Tigris River is the most important source of water in Iraq; however, it suffers from the impact of pollutants that disposal directly into it. In this study, the Water Quality Index (WQI) of 7 of the chemical properties (Cl-, NO3, SO4, COD, BOD5, Ca, Mg) in the Tigris River, Baghdad, Iraq was analyzed to measure the impact of liquid waste discharge in the city of medicine on the river from January to October 2020. Three points were selected as the sample location, the first point was 700 meters before the discharge point, the second point was the discharge point, and the third point was 400 meters after the discharge point. The findings revealed that the concentration of all the measured components at the region where the sanitary discharge point site2 was situated was much higher than that of the location before the sanitary discharge point site1. For example, in January Cl- the concentration at site1 was (350 mg/l) relative to site2 the concentration at (1200 mg/l). In comparison, the concentration of the constituents in the area after the sanitary discharge point site 3 was lower than that of the sanitary discharge point area site2. In addition, Cl- concentration at site3 was (750 mg/l) lower than site2 (1200 mg/l) but still higher than site1 (350 mg/l). The lower concentration at site3 suggests that the water body of the river is being diluted; however, this is not a solution as the causes of pollutants of the river are various. Most of the findings have shown that the permissible cap for the Iraqi standards and the World Health Organization (WHO) for the river maintenance system has been surpassed.
Los derechos constitucionales y el ejercicio del poder por el general Salaverry en una tradición de Palma
Authors: Rodríguez Chávez Iván
Published: May 2021

propósito del análisis jurídico de la tradición «Al pie de la letra», se revela un ambiente político y jurídico en la primera década de la vida republicana en la que el presidente de la República es un militar que ha llegado al gobierno por la acción de la fuerza y la violencia armada y en la que los derechos constitucionales de los habitantes no eran respetados, configurándose una situación de vigencia teórica de la Constitución Política de 1834 y la inaplicación de los derechos constitucionales,afectando la vida social de las personas.

Palabras clave: Militar, disciplina, obediencia, órdenes, constitución, derechos constitucionales.
Visión nocturna y luminosa del satírico Manuel Atanasio Fuentes «El Murciélago»
Authors: Pantigoso Pecero Manuel
Published: May 2021

En el presente artículo se pasa revista al itinerario vital y al significado de su seudónimo, así como su labor periodística en El Murciélago y El Peruano del escritor peruano. Luego se destaca la modernidad encontrada a partir de su viaje a París; se estudia sus principales libros y la cercanía con Palma a través del periódico La Broma. Finalmente, se destaca el aporte de Atanasio Fuentes en la literatura peruana.

Palabras clave: Murciélago, criollista, polígrafo, Lima, modernidad, Palma.
Ricardo Palma en el amanecer republicano
Authors: Arista Montoya Luis Alberto
Published: May 2021

Este artículo explora la perspectiva histórica de Ricardo Palma a través de sus tradiciones sobre los avatares de la lucha por el nuevo poder generado por facciones civiles y militares de la clase política criolla en el contexto de la Emancipación. Algunas de las tradiciones políticas de Palma sobrela tensa transición de la época colonial hacia la época democrática republicana son documentos claves para comprender el nuevo tiempo histórico fundacional. Ese amanecer republicano tuvo muchas mássombras que luces.
COMUNICACIÓN COLABORATIVA DEL TRABAJO EN EQUIPO COMO INDICADOR CLAVE EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Argota Pérez George , Almeida Galindo José , Chávez Espinoza Javier H. , Soto Cárdenas América J. , Córdova Salas Carlos , Yallico Calmett Ramiro M. , Pérez Campana Braulio
Published: May 2021

Todo resultado reconocible y competitivo está basado en acciones cognoscitivas interactivas por lo que, las universidades orientan su responsabilidad social sobre la dinámica de reconocimiento profesional y su materialización en proyectos de investigación. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la comunicación colaborativa del trabajo en equipo como indicador clave en la investigación científica. Se formuló tres preguntas generales: 1ro) ¿quién de ustedes conoce, lo que realiza(n) al(los) que conoce(n)?, 2do) ¿quién de ustedes reconoce el conocimiento científico sobre lo que realiza(n) al(los) que conoce(n)? y 3ro) ¿cuántos de ustedes reconoce el aporte científico del(los) que reconoce(n) sobre su labor científica?. Las preguntas se indicaron en tres programas de formación de posgrado donde se midió el bajo porcentaje de reconocimiento interpretándose posibles dificultades sobre la política científica para lo cual, se aplicó la técnica de escala tipo Likert donde 4 aspectos fueron considerados: 1ro) cultura investigativa institucional, 2do) compromiso explícito de tomadores de decisiones, 3ro) asociación funcional entre áreas de investigación y 4to) facilitación de medios de comunicación para la actualización informativa siendo poco valorada la política científica por parte de los docentes. Se analizó el número de proyectos multidisciplinarios, interdisciplinarios y transdisciplinarios con relación a la contaminación de las aguas en la Laguna de Huacachina y se observó, ausencia total. Se concluyó que, hubo limitaciones en la comunicación colaborativa del trabajo en equipo influyendo en la visibilidad e impactos en las investigaciones científicas pudiendo reconocerse la necesidad de transitar desde el pensamiento individual al colectivo.
SISTEMA DE TRATAMIENTO MINERAL PASIVO ANTE EL COSTO AMBIENTAL SOSTENIBLE ESTIMADO EN LA LAGUNA DE OXIDACIÓN ANGOSTURA LIMÓN, ICA, PERÚ
Authors: Argota Pérez George , Iannacone Jose Alberto
Published: May 2021

La contaminación de efluentes en las lagunas de oxidación continúa siendo un problema ambiental donde se requiere la búsqueda de soluciones prácticas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar un sistema de tratamiento mineral pasivo ante el costo ambiental sostenible estimado en la laguna de oxidación Angostura Limón, Ica-Perú. Mediante un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio se midió desde julio a diciembre del 2018 en el efluente (sin tratamiento y con tratamiento), la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), fosfato (PO4 3-), nitrito (NO2 -), nitrato (NO3 -), amonio (NH4 +) y oxígeno disuelto (OD). Con los valores de los parámetros físico-químicos se estimó el costo ambiental sostenible relativo (COASOR) mediante un cociente entre el costo de evaluación (COA) y el costo de prevención normativo (CONP). Se calculó el porcentaje de remoción según el sistema de tratamiento ambiental que se aplicó. Solo el OD cumplió con lo reglamentado donde la estimación del COASOR fue de 0,3 para el efluente sin tratamiento y con tratamiento indicándose que, el recurso fue no sostenible relativo. Se obtuvo un porcentaje de remoción del 33,33% por lo que se consideró poco eficiente donde el orden de tratamiento fue: NH4 + > DBO5 > OD > PO4 3- = NO2 - = NO3 -. Se concluyó que, las aguas residuales mostraron concentraciones no deseadas siendo su valor de uso limitado y el sistema de tratamiento mineral ambiental pasivo fue eficaz para la DBO5 aunque no se logró cumplir con lo recomendado.
NITIDÚLIDOS (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) EN CAMPOS DE FRESA FRAGARIA VESCA LINNAEUS EN LAS LOCALIDADES DE AUCALLAMA, HUARAL Y SUPE, BARRANCA EN LIMA, PERÚ
Authors: Gutiérrez-Bustamante Silvia , Elme Tumpay Araseli , Yabar Landa Erick , Rogel Zambrano José Guillermo
Published: May 2021

En el cultivo de fresa con tecnología tradicional, los nitidúlidos causan una merma mínima en postcosecha al estar asociados a frutos sobremaduros. Los nitidúlidos fueron colectados durante diciembre 2018 y enero 2019, en campos del distrito de Aucallama (Huaral) y Supe (Barranca), Perú. Se registraron y determinaron un total de 54 individuos, 2 subfamilias, dos géneros y dos especies. La especie con mayor incidencia fue Lobiopa insularis (Castelnau, 1840), con el 81% de especímenes colectados. Las otras especies registradas fueron: Carpophilus hemipterus, Carpophilus sp.1 y Carpophilus sp.2.
APLICACIÓN DE LAS SOLUCIONES DE LA ECUACIÓN DIFERENCIAL DE BESSEL , EN LA INGENIERÍA DE LOS ALIMENTOS
Authors: Marín-Machuca Olegario , Iannacone Jose Alberto , Alvarado-Zambrano Fredy Aníbal , Alvarado-Zambrano Ricardo Arnaldo , Castillo-Peña Alcides , Santamaría-Ballena José Manuel
Published: May 2021

La expresión de Bessel es una ecuación diferencial ordinaria de segundo orden (EDOPO), cuyas soluciones son esféricas y pueden resolverse por los métodos de Frobenius, series y coeficientes indeterminados; cuyos valores se pueden utilizar muy bien y con facilidad en la ingeniería y tecnología de los alimentos. Sus soluciones se particularizan en cuatro partes, de las cuales las del tipo  son las que tienen una aplicación en el presente estudio. La EDOPO de Bessel fue resuelta en sus cuatro posibilidades, donde los valores y comportamientos se proporcionan en tablas y gráficas en detalle. Los valores correspondientes de  se usaron en la distribución de temperatura para envases cilíndricos de dimensiones conocidas usando las ecuaciones de transferencia de calor por conducción, preferentemente, proveniente de la teoría de Fourier; facilitando mejorar, modificar y diseñar nuevos procesos. Los resultados de la distribución de temperatura fueron calculados por las ecuaciones respectivas y los resultados obtenidos fueron empleados satisfactoriamente en el desarrollo del trabajo.
El manifiesto artístico de Alejandro González Trujillo, Apu-Rimak, en sus cartas a Yolanda Bedregal
Authors: Echazú Conitzer Alejandra , Gutiérrez Viñuales Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

A partir de un amplio conjunto de cartas, hasta ahora inéditas, escritas por el artista peruano AlejandroGonzález Trujillo, y enviadas a la joven escritora boliviana Yolanda Bedregal entre 1934 y 1936, hemosextractado diversas reflexiones que nos dan la posibilidad de componer una suerte de manifiesto artístico del pintor. Las cartas permiten recrear ese periodo cusqueño de González Trujillo, su vida, sus afanes y sus trabajos en viajes artísticos y patrimoniales por el sur del Perú, a la par que evocar su disciplina y formación en la vida y en el arte, así como su profunda vocación de educador. Sus pensamientos dejan entrever un compromiso inquebrantable con la cultura peruana prehispánica, con su propio arte y su posición dentro de las tensiones del campo artístico peruano de esos años. Se pone también en evidencia el fervor con el que los artistas peruanos abordaron la inconmensurable labor de catalogar el legado de sus ancestros.

Palabras clave: Alejandro González Trujillo, Apu-Rimak, Yolanda Bedregal, Cusco, La Paz, arte contemporáneo, enseñanza artística, indoamericanismo, Siglo XX

AbstractFrom a wide range of letters, hitherto unpublished, by the Peruvian artist Alejandro González Trujillo, andsent to the young Bolivian writer Yolanda Bedregal 1934 and 1936, we have extracted various reflections that give us the possibility of composing a kind of artistic manifesto by the painter. The letters allow us to recreate that Cusco period of González Trujillo, his life, his efforts, and his works in artistic and patrimonial journeys through the south of Peru while evoking his discipline training in life and art, as well as his profound vocation as an educator. His thoughts reveal an unwavering commitment to pre-Hispanic Peruvian culture, his art, and his position within the tensions of the Peruvian artistic field of those years. It also shows the fervor with which Peruvian artists approached the immeasurable task of cataloging their ancestors’ legacy.

Keywords: Alejandro González Trujillo, Apu-Rimak, Yolanda Bedregal, Cusco, La Paz, contemporary art, art education, Indo-Americanism, 20th century
Educación para la arquitectura y sostenibilidad
Authors: Bejarano Peláez Gabriela
Published: May 2021

El artículo presenta una descripción general de cómo se ha ido abordando el tema de educación en relación a los acontecimientos mundiales y cómo esta se ha convertido en una respuesta para poder solucionar los problemas ambientales. Los problemas ambientales han crecido de manera acelerada. Ante esta situación, el modelo de educación no es sufi ciente si no se tiene en cuenta el concepto de Desarrollo Sostenible y es ahí donde nacen cuestionamientos como: ¿Qué es lo que el ser humado debe aprender?, ¿será sufi ciente con cambiar los contenidos?, ¿cómo enseñar y aprender a ser sostenible? Y se comenta sobre las diferentes estrategias pedagógicas que podrían ayudar a la educación de futuros arquitectos.