bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF LC-MS IN HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING OF BIOMARKER
Authors: Gangwar Shivanshu , Kumar Rohit , Yadav Mandeep , Rathaur Himanshi , Ahmad Rizwan
Published: June 2024

The identification and quantification of biomarkers play a crucial role in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. High throughput screening (HTS) methods have emerged as powerful tools for rapidly assessing numerous biomolecules across large sample sets. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become a leading technology in biomarker analysis due to its unparalleled sensitivity, selectivity, and versatility. This abstract aim to explore the pivotal role of LC-MS in HTS of biomarker analysis. We begin by highlighting the importance of biomarkers as key indicators of biological processes and disease states, emphasizing the pressing need for efficient and accurate screening methods. Next, we delve into the principles of LC-MS and how it synergistically combines liquid chromatography's separation capabilities with mass spectrometry's analytical power, enabling the identification and quantification of a wide range of biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, metabolites, and lipids. The advantages of LC-MS in HTS become apparent when discussing its ability to analyze large sample cohorts rapidly. Through automation and high-resolution instrumentation, LC-MS streamlines the analysis of thousands of samples, providing researchers with an unprecedented depth of biomarker data. Furthermore, LC-MS enables the simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes, fostering a comprehensive understanding of complex biological processes and disease mechanisms. This abstract also addresses the challenges and advancements in LC-MS technology, such as enhancing sensitivity and reproducibility, minimizing sample preparation time, and implementing robust data analysis pipelines. Additionally, we touch upon the integration of LC-MS with other omics technologies, such as genomics and proteomics, to leverage the collective power of multiple analytical approaches. The application of LC-MS in HTS of biomarker analysis has found significant utility in various fields, including cancer research, pharmacokinetic studies, and personalized medicine. The ability to rapidly screen and validates potential biomarkers facilitates early disease detection, patient stratification, and monitoring of treatment responses, leading to improved patient outcomes. In conclusion, LC-MS has revolutionized biomarker analysis by playing a pivotal role in HTS workflows. Its unparalleled sensitivity, high throughput capacity, and compatibility with diverse biomolecules have significantly advanced our understanding of biological systems and disease states. As technology continues to evolve, LC-MS will undoubtedly remain at the forefront of biomarker research, providing invaluable insights for future biomedical and clinical applications.
INSIGHTFUL GIST OF HEAVY METALS BIOREMEDIATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EQUITY
Authors: R Preethi Rathna , R Jayakala Devi , S Naveen Kishore
Published: June 2024

The global accumulation of heavy metals in the environment represents a significant and widespread hazard. Exceeding established threshold levels of heavy metals such as mercury, lead, nickel, arsenic, chromium, zinc, cobalt, and aluminum has far-reaching consequences, deeply affecting soil quality, water purity, air quality, and the overall well-being of human populations. Heavy metal toxicants are at the peak of endangering nature. Toxic byproducts are released into the environment by both the Physical and chemical methods followed. Hence in recent times, research has been focused on the part using microbes for the remediation of heavy metal toxicants because of its eco-friendly approach. Toxic heavy metals and their by-products formed during the remediation process acts as energy reserve. This review hotspots about the potential use of various microbes for the bioremediation of heavy metal toxicants and also focuses on the resistance mechanism of microorganism that thrives in a toxic environment and its potential approaches as a key role for remediation techniques. This review review provides deep insight of knowledge into microbial remediation technology of hazardous heavy metal pollutants.
BIOREMEDIATION AS A STRATEGY FOR DECONTAMINATING POLLUTED SITES AND PROLIFERATING PLANT GROWTH
Authors: Katiyar Uttkarsh , Katiyar Sunil Kumar
Published: June 2024

Soil poisons on account of the nonstop idea of headstrong and xenobiotic compounds is one of the overwhelming limitations of the twenty-first century that cutoff points crop efficiency. A few specialists are effectively working on this area and giving fantastic interest to relieving this test. Physiological and conventional procedures picked through method of method for researchers so far for remediation are commonly uneconomical, and perilous in extensive run. Consequently, the objective is to disinfect such contaminated soil the utilization of conservative, eco-accommodating, and manageable means. Here the embodiment of rhizoremediation comes withinside the cutting edge. Rhizoremediation through plant- related organisms (PAM) is one of the astounding strategies for sterilizing contaminated soil obviously. There are various microbial metabolites comprehensive of chemicals, biosurfactants, exopolysaccharides, etc that might be utilized separately or in connection with PAM as a one of a kind technique for purging up contaminated webweb destinations and enlarging crop efficiency. Accordingly, the guideline reason for this liquidation is to highlight the promising capability of organisms and their auxiliary metabolites in recovering corrupted soils and enlarging plant blast. In the framework, it also raises positive current enhancements withinside the area of omics age and nanotechnology that could correspondingly further develop our skill on this field and help us to diminish the issue of soil disease with extreme accuracy and substantially less time.
FUTURE TRENDS IN BIOENERGY
Authors: Sayed Shifa , Sonawdekar Dr. Sheetal , Parab Dr. Mala
Published: June 2024

The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the very essence of life as we know it is under threat. As the global population continues to surge and energy demands reach unprecedented levels, we stand at a crossroads, desperately seeking a path toward sustainability. This is where solutions like bioenergy come to the rescue. Bioenergy can be harnessed through various processes, including combustion, fermentation, and anaerobic digestion. The sustainable provision of future energy needs can be significantly aided by biomass. Numerous regional and national bioenergy organizations have conducted extensive research and comprehensive assessments to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing biomass crops and other potential feedstocks for biomass energy. These assessments have encompassed cost-supply evaluations, environmental impact analyses, life cycle assessments, and assessments of externalities. Additionally, stakeholders in the bioenergy sector have collaborated to establish consensus recommendations and guidelines to promote sustainable bioenergy development. A consistent outcome derived from these collective endeavors is the recognition that replacing annual agricultural crops with native perennial biomass crops holds significant potential[1]. By doing so, not only can we decrease our reliance on fossil fuels and address the associated ecological challenges, but we can also contribute to the restoration of natural ecosystem functions within cultivated landscapes. This, in turn, contributes to the preservation of natural biodiversity. Bioenergy is presently the largest global contributor to renewable energy and has significant potential to expand in the production of heat, electricity, and fuels for transport. Looking toward the future, several innovative trends are shaping the field of bioenergy, paving the way for sustainable and efficient energy production. [4] In this chapter, we will look at the role of bioenergy in climate mitigation over the next century and evaluate why it might be seen as a legacy fuel in the later decades of the 21st century.
FERMENTATION ASSISTED FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Authors: Naik Varsha , Kerkar Savita
Published: June 2024

Human gut can be exposed to live, and potentially beneficial, microbes through fermented foods made via favourable microbial growth and enzymatic conversions of food components. Functional fermented foods (FFFs) with probiotics contribute to health and nutrition owing to their beneficial effects. Fermentation enhances nutritive value, quality and organoleptic properties of foods. Prebiotic constituents of food and of microbes used augment the properties of probiotic cultures during the manufacture of probiotic fermented foods. Prebiotics can escalate the nutraceutical properties of foods, facilitate the intestinal growth of beneficial bacteria and protect the viability of probiotics in gastrointestinal tract. Individual outcome of the probiotics and prebiotics can be enriched by using them collectively as synbiotic. Microbial action during fermentation results in the production of metabolites known as postbiotics with bioactive properties. Fermented food products can contribute to enhanced dietary diversity and offer sustainable food security. Manufacturers and consumers need to be guided on regulatory advances in FFFs on safe production, storage, transport and distribution with improved regulatory clarity, consistency and harmonization, in addition to composition and recommended intake.
TRANSGENIC FISH AND ITS PROGRESS
Authors: Bera Dr. Bireshwar
Published: June 2024

Transgenic fish serve as excellent experimental models for basic scientific investigations as well as biotechnological applications. Transgenic fish of both cold water and warm water are fast growing and disease resistant species have been produced in various laboratories throughout the world including India. From the aspect of biotechnological applications, for scientific investigations, environmental toxicology and compensate for human needs the development of transgenic fish can serve as excellent experimental models. In the field of aquaculture and to support economic efficiency GH gene transgenic fish will be of great importance in the field of future biotechnology. For the fish farmers and human being transgenic fish are more economical, efficient food source and recreation.
PHYTOREMEDIATION-REVIEW ON BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR REMEDIATION OF EMERGING POLLUTANTS
Authors: Ruth Lalfelpuii
Published: June 2024

Exponential growth in human population, urbanization, and industrialization have led to a rise in environmental pollutants globally. These pollutants emerge as a result of the increase in human population as well as advancement in the use and application of agricultural chemical pesticides, medicinal drugs, personal care products (PPCPs), plastic polymers, and heavy metals. Although, the intent of this compound is to improve agricultural yields to ensure food and material supply to satiate the ever-growing need for a growing human population and also human health and better life in general. However, advancement in large-scale production of these compounds results in the generation and release of waste products to terrestrial and aquatic environments as a consequence of which this leads to devastating effects for the entire ecosystems. For addressing the environmental issue environmental-friendly and sustainable means of remediating contaminants is indispensable. To resolve this, biological strategy i.e. bioremediation (plants and microbes) can be utilized for removing this toxic material from the environment. However, extensive release of these pollutants which may be due to natural processes and human economic activity has a severe and challenging impact on the environment nowadays where leakage or accidental discharge of these hazardous contaminants are serious problems. The biodegradation capacity of the natural microbiome is insufficient in combating them. In this review, we will be focusing on the potential of plants and biotechnological exploitation for the improvement of plant’s ability to tolerate different pollutants and phytoremediation efficiency and highlight future challenges.
USE OF BIOINFORMATICS TOOLS TO DETERMINE THE EFFICIENCY OF FLU VACCINE
Authors: Khurana Dr. Namrata , Ningwal Dr. Uday Singh
Published: June 2024

India experiences influenza season as the monsoon moves across the country's mainland. Influenza is a virus that mostly affects the lungs, nose, bronchi, and throat. The illness lasted for a week. Symptoms are high fever, aching muscles, headache and severe nausea.scientist and researchers have come with the idea of flu vaccine. Two weeks following the injection, the body begins to produce antibodies against the flu vaccine. The viruses in the vaccination provide protection against viral infection thanks to these antibodies. According to studies, the influenza viruses that are most expected to be common in the upcoming season are protected against by the seasonal flu vaccine. The three flu viruses that are meant to be protected against by traditional flu shots, also referred to as "trivalent" vaccines, are influenza A (H1N1), influenza A (H3N2), and influenza B. These vaccines offer protection against an extra B virus in addition to the same viruses covered by the trivalent vaccine. Each strain's gene segments encoding the H and N viral surface proteins are used to create the influenza vaccine. In order for the vaccine to provide effective protection against the virus, it is essential that the protein sequences of the H and N proteins utilized in the vaccine closely match the sequences found in the virus strains individuals may encounter. Annually, in February, the World Health Organization (WHO) makes determinations regarding which influenza virus strains should be incorporated into the vaccine for the upcoming year. An invaluable internet-based bioinformatics tool designed for sequence alignment is BLAST, an acronym for Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. BLAST aligns your specified sequence of interest with sequences stored in the database or with a specific second sequence of interest, facilitating a comparison of results to identify sequences or segments that exhibit similarity to your query sequence. This research endeavor aims to employ the BLAST tool in conjunction with flu databases to assess the effectiveness of this year's vaccine.
PHYTOREMEDIATION: PRINCIPLE, TYPES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Pareek Miss. Kanak
Published: June 2024

An innovative strategy in environmental science known as phytoremediation uses plants' special skills to handle many types of pollution in soil, water, and the air. This chapter presents an in-depth exploration of the principles and applications of phytoremediation. By elucidating the mechanisms through which plants uptake, immobilize, degrade, and volatilize contaminants, this chapter sheds light on the intricate processes that drive this innovative technique. The advantages of phytoremediation, and disadvantages of phytoremediation also explained in this chapter.
A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION OF CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND PHYSICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVING WASTEWATER BIOREMEDIATION
Authors: Balaji Govindaswamy , Manikandan BN , Lingeshwaran Mr. , Thirumalaivasan PK Ramachandran
Published: June 2024

There are significant risks to the environment and public health associated with the discharge of organic and inorganic pollutants into the environment as a result of residential, agricultural, and industrial activities. More effective and inventive treatment methods are being extensively researched because the current traditional wastewater treatment plants are unable to completely eliminate contaminants. Utilizing naturally occurring bacteria, fungus, or plants, often known as bioremediation, to remediate polluted wastewater has been shown to be successful and efficient. The versatility of microorganisms to remove a harmful contaminant makes bioremediation an invention that may be used in many water and soil situations. In this chapter, physical, chemical and microbial bioremediation for pollutant mitigation from various ecological lattices has received significant attention. This chapter provides a succinct overview of bioremediation along with a description of the many techniques used to treat soil and industrial waste. Lastly, several bioremediation-related experiences.
IMAM BARA COMPLEX -THE MONUMENT OF AWADH ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Singh Deeksha , Yadav Anamika , Bhattacharya Pratik
Published: June 2024

The abstract about the ancient architecture and their construction style .This chapter belongs to the awadh architecture which is a mixture of Mughal and British architecture and its cover mainly Lucknow region of Uttar Pradesh. The aim of the chapter is to study and explain the awadh architecture and its style through the Bada Imambara complex , Lucknow .The objective of the chapter is to study ancient architecture and the importance of monuments. Bara Imambara is one the oldest and famous monuments of the awadh architecture just like Taj Mahal is for Mughal architecture.bara Imambara have very unique concept,that it constructed by food material and also it have one big hall without RCC .One of the famous idiom "diwaro ke bhi kaan hote hai". Is shown in this building .Nowadays ASI takes care of this .
ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONES BY USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES IN NANDANI RIVER BASIN, WESTERN MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Authors: Lokare Pavan , Zende Abhijit
Published: June 2024

The present study focused on the groundwater assessment for Nandani watershed using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The Nandani watershed has covered an area of 492 km2. For this study, all the satellite data is obtained from Bhuvan website and analyzed in ArcGIS software. The groundwater potential zones have been delineated using remote sensing and GIS techniques. About 48% area comes under high potential zone, 43% area comes under moderate potential zone and 9% area comes under poor and very poor potential zone. The preparation of different thematic layers such as lithology, slope, land-use, lineament, drainage, soil, and rainfall is facilitated by employing Survey of India toposheets and LISS III satellite images. These diverse factors are converted into raster data through the utilization of the feature to raster converter tool within the ArcGIS software. To assign significance, raster maps representing these factors are given predetermined scores and weights, calculated using the multi influencing factor (MIF) technique. The resulting output holds significant utility in promoting effective watershed development and water resource planning.
ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING WITH DIAGRID STRUCTURE SUBJECTED TO LATERAL LOADING
Authors: Patel Parvez , Pasha Professor Nadeem
Published: June 2024

The term "diagrid structure," which is short for "diagonal grid," refers to a particular kind of architectural structural system. It is distinguished by diagonal members that create a grid-like pattern on the building's façade (often in the form of diagonal beams or columns). Usually used in place of conventional vertical columns, these diagonal components produce a more open and attractive appearance. Around the world, there is a substantial increase in the construction of tall structures, and these buildings are affected by lateral loads due to wind or earthquake. There are several construction techniques available to withstand these lateral stresses. Among them, the diagrid structural system has gained popularity for tall buildings due to its unique geometric configuration, offering both structural efficiency and aesthetic appeal. Currently, the latest trend in diagrid structures involves using diagonal grids at specific angles around the building's perimeter and across its height in modules. Unlike traditional orthogonal structures, diagrids employ triangulated grids in place of vertical columns at the periphery, making them more efficient in providing stiffness against lateral loads. As a result, these systems are increasingly favoured for the design of tall buildings. In this work, we analyse a G+15-story RCC building with a regular floor plan of 30mx30m situated in seismic zones IV & V. With the objective to investigate a G+15 story, 10 models were made, of which 1 is a bare frame, 4 are diagrid angles that are analyzed in zone 4, and the same 5 models are analyzed in zone 5. We employ the Etabs 2020 software for structural simulation and analysis, considering wind loads based on IS 875 part 3 and seismic factors according to IS 1893(Part 1): 2002. Through a comparative assessment of the results from both the diagrid and conventional building analyses, we evaluate story displacement, story drift, base shear, and time period. This study provides insights into the performance of diagrid structures compared to traditional methods in the context of lateral load resistance and overall structural stability.
GEOMETRIC MODELING FOR HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH
Authors: Bisht Manoj Singh , Negi U.S.
Published: June 2024

Simon, (1977) has studied the Economics of Population Growth. After then, Boserup (1981) has studied Population and Technological Change: A Study of Long-Term Trends. Also, Turchin, (2003) has studied Complex Population Dynamics: a Theoretical/Empirical Synthesis. And Pastor (2008) has studied Mathematical Ecology of Populations and Ecosystems. In this paper, we have studied Geometric modeling for human population growth, introducing the fundamental principles of population growth and various mechanisms that regulate population growth.
A STUDY ON GENERALIZED RICCI SOLITONS ON LP-SASAKIAN MANIFOLDS
Authors: Chandra Vinod
Published: June 2024

The LP-Sasakian manifold was investigated in this chapter. At first we introduced historical background of the concern manifold. Next some rudimentary facts and related properties of LP-Sasakian manifold are discussed. After that LP-Sasakian manifold concerning generalized Ricci soliton is studied and investigate main result in the form of theorem that is LP-Sasakian manifold of odd dimension satisfying the generalized Ricci soliton equation is an Einstein manifolds. M.S.C. (2010): 53D12, 53C15, 53D10, 53C25, 53A30.
STUDY OF STRUCTURE AND OPERATORS ON ALMOST KAEHLERIAN MANIFOLDS
Authors: Rani Neha , Ram Neetu , Negi U. S.
Published: June 2024

Kodaira and Spencer (1957) have studiedon the variation of almost complex structure. Hsiung (1966)has defined and studied structures and operators on almost Hermition manifolds. Also, Ogawa(1970) has studied operators on almost Hermition manifolds. In this paper, we have defined and studied structure and operators on almost Kaehlerian spaces and several theorems have been derived. We havealso been demonstrated with in nearly Kaehlerian spaces that for the structure to be integrable, it is both necessary and sufficient that the square of the difference between Γand γ,i.e.,(Γ-γ)2 = 0. Additionally, when the operatorΓ^2 vanishes across the entire space, then the space can be classified as Kaehlerian.
DATA SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING: UNVEILING INSIGHTS THROUGH NUMBERS
Authors: P. Sandhya Dr.
Published: June 2024

In an era characterized by the proliferation of data and the growing complexity of real-world problems, the marriage of data science and mathematical modeling has emerged as a powerful approach to uncover hidden insights and patterns within vast datasets. This chapter explores the synergistic relationship between data science and mathematical modeling, highlighting their roles in extracting meaningful information, making predictions, and aiding decision-making across various domains. Through a comprehensive overview of key concepts, methodologies, and case studies, this chapter demonstrates how the fusion of data science and mathematical modeling transforms raw data into actionable knowledge.
DUAL GRAPH AND LINE GRAPH - ALGEBRAIC PROPERTY AND EULER CHARACTERISTIC DERIVED FROM EXTERNAL EDGE CONNECTIVITY
Authors: Prajapati Rajeshri , Parikh Amit , Jha Pradeep
Published: June 2024

In this note we discuss adjacency matrix and incidence matrix of some rarely known Euler graphs: 1) Devil’s Star graph, and 2) Mohmad scimitar graph which relate to historian age of middle east countries. As known by the properties of ‘External Connectivity of each edge of a given graph predicting about Eulerity of corresponding their line graphs, we also depict some salient features. In addition to this, we have, in this note discussed Eulerity of dual graphs using the notion of external edge connectivity.
SEMI ANALYTIC-NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF FINGERO - IMBIBITION PHENOMENON IN HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIUM WITH MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT
Authors: Sharma Aruna , Parikh Amit K
Published: June 2024

The present paper studies the magnetic field effect on Fingero- Imbibition phenomenon in a double phase flow in a heterogeneous porous media. Fingero- Imbibition Phenomenon is due to the occurrence of two key phenomena, namely imbibition and fingering. Imbibition is the displacement of a non-wetting fluid by a wetting fluid in a porous medium, where the non-wetting fluid is oil and the wetting fluid is water. When a fluid with a higher viscosity is displaced by a fluid with a lower viscosity, protuberances occur instead of the normal displacement of the entire front and these protuberances shoot through the porous medium at a relatively rapid speed, leading to the development of fingers and this is termed as fingering phenomenon. Fingero-Imbibition phenomenon has tremendous importance in secondary oil recovery process. This phenomenon is mathematically formulated as a highly nonlinear partial differential equation, which is solved using the Multistep Hybrid Differential Transform Finite Difference Method. A solution is obtained using this Semi Analytic-Numerical Multistep Hybrid Differential Transform Finite Difference Method. The solution to this equation determines the saturation of the injected water in a double phase flow at various distances and times, as well as the effect of the magnetic field on the saturation can be obtained. Combining the Multistep Differential Transform Method and Finite Difference Method results in the Multistep Hybrid Differential Transform Finite Difference Method. The effectiveness of the Finite Difference Method is combined with the adaptability of the Differential Transform Method. The numerical solution is acquired using an easy iterative method, which speeds up computation in comparison to the traditional Differential Transform Method. This approach has been discovered to be reliable and effective. By making all calculations simpler, it lessens computing work. In this method the Multistep Differential Transform Method (MDTM) and Finite Difference Method (FDM) have been used to achieve the solution for large values of time. Using MATLAB, the numerical solution and graphical representation were obtained. The results obtained were compared with the existing results and found to be in close agreement.
RASCAL TRIANGLE
Authors: Vishwakarma Suryaprakash , Purohit Seema
Published: June 2024

In Combinatorics use of Pascal Triangle techniques and identities is well known when it comes to deriving Binomial Coefficients, Fibonacci Numbers, Interesting Numbers Patterns. Literature shows though not much efforts are being done to generate the Pascal like pattens, a decade ago in 2010, Pascal like triangles are generated by three middle school students using their own alternate ways, without knowing what Pascal Triangle is about. They coined the name “Rascal Triangle” for the new number patterns generated by them. In this Chapter, researchers tried to regenerate the generalizations of Rascal Triangle using recursion and generating functions as well as arithmetic progression. It is demonstrated that these Generalized Rascal Triangles are characterized by arithmetic sequences on all rows / columns as well as Rascal-like multiplication and addition rules.
SELF-SIMILAR BEHAVIOUR OF CPI HEADLINE INFLATION
Authors: Reddy D. Mallikarjuna , Krishna Thandu Vamshi
Published: June 2024

Core inflation has a significant role in monetary policy decisions. Core inflation is determined by removing the temporary price changes and retaining permanent (core) price changes of the headline inflation commodity basket. Forecasting inflation is of vital interest to policymakers. Different methodologies are constructed for measuring core inflation like exclusion based method, symmetric trim method, asymmetric trim method, weighted median method, and moving average process. The inflation, a time series, was estimated by applying the ARIMA model (Iqbal et al., 2016; Habibah et al., 2017). Long memory properties of inflation are studied globally, and ARFIMA models are suggested (Hassler & Wolters, 1995; Baillie & Morano, 2012). In this study, we concentrate on the characteristics of the headline and core inflation rather than the methods to determine the core inflation. Various properties of core inflation are presented in the literature (Marques, 2003). Previous studies reported the presence of LRD behaviour in the inflation of some countries. Inspired by these facts, we examined India's monthly CPI headline inflation to check the self-similarity. Besides that, we try to identify whether the headline inflation series belong to SRD or LRD based on the Hurst exponent. The current study to compute the Hurst index is based on different approaches methods like the R/S method, Variance-Time method, Higuchi’s method and Average Periodogram method. The Hurst parameter estimate gives an idea about the strength of the self-similar nature in CPI headline inflation of India. The chapter presents a criteria for core inflation measures in terms of Hurst exponent. Then core inflation indicators for CPI inflation are selected based on the exclusion approach and examined their Hurst exponents along with other properties of core inflation for the possibility of being a core inflation measure. The present study plays a prominent role in the determination of core inflation in the Indian context. The empirical investigation has been conducted using monthly Combined CPI time series data considering the period: Jan 2012-April 2019 (base year: 2012). The CPI headline Y-o-Y inflation is computed and checked for the self-similarity behaviour by computing Hurst exponent. R programming and MS Excel tools are used for performing the analysis. The remaining work of the chapter has been planned as follows: Section 2.2 presents the overview of the time series concepts. Section 2.3 discusses the preliminaries of self-similarity, its definition and usage in various fields. Section 2.4 offers the literature review in the context of self-similarity applications. Section 2.5 discusses the different methods to compute the Hurst exponent. Section 2.6 presents the numerical results of the Hurst exponent for the CPI headline inflation. Section 2.7 establishes new criteria for core inflation based on the Hurst exponent and applies it to the conventional CPI exclusion measures. Section 2.9 presents the conclusions of the chapter.
FUTURE TRENDS IN DNA MICROARRAY TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Patel Ms. Nidhi N. , Thakkar Ms. Janki , Patel Janki B. , Bhalala Trupal , Shah Krutikkumar , Laetitiva Zuva
Published: June 2024

This article examines recent advancements in DNA microarray technology as well as applications for it. We go into great detail on the various DNA microarray or DNA chip technologies, their manufacturing procedures, and applications. This covers both low-density microarrays for various diagnostic uses and high-density microarrays for high-throughput screening applications. The described microarray fabrication methods include various inkjet and microjet deposition or spotting techniques, electronic DNA probe addressing mechanisms, and in situ or on-chip photolithographic oligonucleotide synthesis. The applications of DNA microarray hybridization that are discussed span the major domains of gene expression analysis and genotyping for point mutations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and short tandem repeats (STRs). In addition to the previously described molecular biology and genomic research objectives, this study involves applications of microarray devices and systems for pharmacogenomic research and pharmaceutical creation, infectious and genetic sickness and cancer diagnostics, forensic and genetic identification, and more. Additionally included is a synopsis of the advancement and application of microarray technology in the realms of contemporary cellular and proteomic research.
INTRINSIC SHAPE OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar
Published: June 2024

Determining the intrinsic shapes of elliptical galaxies is a challenging task that requires a combination of observational techniques and theoretical modeling. Here are some of the methodologies used in studying the intrinsic shapes of elliptical galaxies. The ellipticity of an elliptical galaxy is determined by its axis ratio, which compares the length of its major axis (longest diameter) to the length of its minor axis (shortest diameter). The specific shape of an elliptical galaxy can vary depending on its formation history and interactions with other galaxies. The size and mass of an elliptical galaxy can influence its intrinsic shape, with larger galaxies often exhibiting more elongated shapes. It's important to note that our understanding of elliptical galaxies is continually evolving as scientific research and observations provide more insights into their formation, structure, and dynamics. One of the simplest methods is to measure the ellipticity of an elliptical galaxy from its photometric properties. Ellipticity can be determined by fitting ellipses to the isophotes (contour lines of equal brightness) of the galaxy and calculating the axis ratio. Departures from sphericity can cause variations in the observed velocities, and by modeling the expected velocity distribution, the intrinsic shape can be inferred. It is important to note that studying the intrinsic shapes of elliptical galaxies is an ongoing research area, and astronomers continue to refine and develop new methodologies to better understand these complex objects. This chapter focuses on the intrinsic shape of elliptical galaxies, examining the current understanding of their morphology, formation mechanisms, and the implications for galaxy evolution. Elliptical galaxies are important objects in the study of extragalactic astronomy, and their intrinsic shapes provide valuable insights into their formation and evolution processes. This chapter discusses various observational and theoretical approaches used to determine the intrinsic shape of elliptical galaxies, highlighting the key findings and open questions in the field. The chapter also explores the connection between galaxy shape and other physical properties, such as stellar populations, dark matter distribution, and merger history, shedding light on the complex interplay between these factors in shaping elliptical galaxies.
MODELLING OF CASSON FLUID FLOW THROUGH AN ANNULAR REGION AND ITS DUAL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Borah Rupjyoti
Published: June 2024

This study's goal is to examine the nature of dual solutions and their stability in the context of heat transfer phenomena in the magnetized Casson fluid flow through an annular gap. An uniform magnetic field is applied in the normal direction of the fluid flow. The suitable similarity transformation and the MATLAB routine bvp4c solver scheme are employed to solve the governing equations. To define stable and physically feasible solutions, the stability analysis is put to use. Graphical displays show the effects of non-dimensional factors on temperature and velocity distributions. Additionally, the Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient are examined in tabular form. Also, the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are scrutinized in tabular form. From the discussion, we have learned that the Casson fluid parameter and the Hartmann number accelerate the velocity of the fluid in different cases of present geometries. The Eckert number is used as a temperature enhancing parameter. From the results, we have found that dual solutions exist up to a certain region of the similarity variable, and the first solution is stable and physically tractable over the second solution. Index Terms: Dual Solutions, MHD, Casson fluid, Heat transfer, Stability Analysis, Annular region.
EMPOWERING FARMERS WITH ADVANCED COMMUNICATION IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
Authors: K.G. Khadayata Dr , V.N. Patel Dr , P.C. Patel Dr , S.A. Sipai Dr , R. N. Chaudhari Dr , Y.H. Rathwa Dr
Published: June 2024

The chapter discusses the critical role of advanced communication in agricultural extension, emphasizing its significance in bridging the gap between farmers, researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. It highlights the evolving agricultural landscape and the need for innovative communication strategies to address global challenges such as food security, climate change, and sustainable agricultural practices. The chapter explores various communication types commonly employed in agricultural extension, including one-on-one communication, group meetings, farmer field days, printed materials, audio-visual aids, interactive technologies, mass media communication, and social media platforms. Furthermore, it delves into different types of advanced communication media used in the agricultural field, such as mobile applications, online platforms, social media, video, and multimedia resources, webinars, and interactive decision support tools. The discussion underscores the crucial role of these media in providing farmers with access to information, training opportunities, market linkages, and personalized advisory services. The chapter also examines the impact of government initiatives and programs, citing examples from India, that leverage advanced communication to empower farmers and enhance their access to resources and services. Finally, the chapter outlines potential future thrust areas in agricultural extension, including the integration of AI and data analytics, IoT and sensor technologies, blockchain, and AR/VR for training and demonstration. It emphasizes the importance of multilingual and multimodal communication, participatory approaches, and the strengthening of digital infrastructure for inclusive and sustainable agricultural development.
HARNESSING THE POWER OF SUCCESS STORIES: CRAFTING POWERFUL SUCCESS STORIES IN FARMING
Authors: Patel Dr P. C. , Bhuriya Dr K.P. , Zala Dr M. B. , Chaudhari Dr R.N. , Rathva Dr Y.H. , Gardhariya Dr K.V.
Published: June 2024

Agriculture has been an essential part of human civilization since ancient times, providing sustenance and fuelling economic growth. However, in today's rapidly evolving world, success in the agriculture field requires more than traditional practices. It demands innovation, adaptation to changing environmental conditions, and a deep understanding of market dynamics. Writing a success story in the agriculture field involves highlighting individuals or organizations that have achieved remarkable accomplishments in agricultural practices, sustainability, or agribusiness. In the 21st century, success stories in agriculture have evolved into powerful tools for transformative change. They inspire, inform, and empower individuals, foster collaboration, shape policies, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. By celebrating the achievements and resilience of farmers, success stories contribute to building a more resilient, inclusive and sustainable agricultural sector for a better future.
ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCEANDETHICS: EXPLORING THE INTERSECTIONANDIMPLICATIONS
Authors: Soni Ms. Pallavi
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced quickly in recent years, altering many facets of life. To ensure the responsible and advantageous deployment of AI systems, however, these developments create significant ethical issues that need to be properly considered. In order to examine the ethical issues surrounding the development, application, and effect of artificial intelligence, this research paper explores the confluence of ethics and AI. The article explores a variety of ethical issues related to AI, including prejudice and fairness, privacy and data protection, accountability and transparency, human dignity and autonomy, and the socio-economic effects of AI. This study also analyses the current frame works and techniques that have been put up to address these ethical issues, such as technology solutions, regulatory frame-works, and ethical standards. Finally, this research study promotes the responsible and ethical development and use of artificial intelligence technologies by highlighting the significance of a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to AI ethics.
THE ARCHITECTURAL EFFICACY OF MUGHAL’S SARAIS AT AGRA: AN EMPIRICAL CASE STUDY
Authors: Akhtar Dr. Salim Javed
Published: June 2024

The search for a safe and affordable place to stay would be less embarrassing for strangers upon their initial arrival in Paris if there were dozens of identical buildings scattered throughout the city. After seeing their acquaintance, they might stay in them for a few days before leaving to explore about for more practical housing. Such a location would develop into widespread foreign traders' retreats and warehouses for all manner of goods.
PORTRAYAL OF SEX WORK IN INDIAN CINEMA: A SOCIO CULTURAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Srinkhla Shikcha
Published: June 2024

Indian cinema has been a potent tool for analysing and reshaping the societal attitudes and beliefs. The objective of this research paper is to critically examine how sex work is portrayed in Indian Cinema and its inferences for the Socio- Cultural environment. The study examines the evolution of narratives stereotypes and societal responses surrounding sex work in India by analysing many types of films from different eras and regional industries. Key findings illustrate the change of sex work depiction in Indian film from traditional conventions to intricate and empathetic themes. Earlier, Indian Cinema frequently portrayed sex workers are morally depraved people or as victims of circumstances, furthering social shame. Contemporary film has adopted broader approaches, exploring the agency, challenges and ambitions of sex workers while also confronting the underlying structural issues that push people to enter this profession. Additionally the study investigates how cinematic representations affect society, including how they could subvert social conventions, promote empathy and bring about social change. It also analyses the restrictions and ethical dilemmas connected with how sex work is depicted in Indian Cinema. It illustrates how vividly depictions in film may impact ethnic attitudes and perceptions. The outcomes of this study can contribute to discussions about how film can be used for social commentary and evolution while also underlining the importance for honest and nuanced representations that build empathy and understanding.
PINK: A LANGUAGE OF COMMUNICATION FOR FEMINISM
Authors: Gupta Ms. Anjali
Published: June 2024

Communication is comprised of, but not limited to spoken or written word, the non-verbal cues in itself are a language capable of denoting meaning and context for communication of ideologies and content. This study aims to contribute to a wider understanding of how symbols and colours may be reinterpreted to empower sidelined groups and challenge existing norms by examining the various ways that Pink functions as a language of communication within feminist studies. It examines the feminism-related symbolic meaning and expressive potential of the colour Pink. We will explore how Pink has progressed from being a mere hue to becoming an element of a movement, a symbol of a substantial number of people, a discriminator of sexuality, and an identity-provider. The colour Pink, which has historically been connected to femininity, is frequently employed to support gender norms. But by looking at how feminists have reclaimed and recycled pink as a weapon for social critique and liberation, this study seeks to reinterpret the colour Pink as a gender-neutral force in the communication arena.
Implikasi Jarh wa al-Ta’dil terhadap Keautentikan Hadits (Studi Validitas Dalil Qunut Subuh Madzhab Al-Syafi’i)
Authors: Rohim Abdul , Arifin Tajul
Published: June 2024

This study examines the influence of the science of jarh wa ta'dil in determining the validity of qunut hadith for every subuh prayer in the Shafi'i school of thought. This study investigates how Shafi'i scholars apply the science of jarh wa ta'dil to assess the validity and authenticity of hadith and provide recommendations for Muslims in responding to qunut subuh hadith. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic approach. Data is collected from relevant books, scientific journals, and online articles. Data analysis is carried out using content analysis methods. The results of the author's research find that the science of Jarh wa ta'dil plays a very important role for Shafi'i scholars in particular and generally for all scholars of madhhab in assessing the credibility of a sanad matan, such as analyzing the behavior of hadith narrators, piety, honesty, even more specifically such as from the quality of the narrator's memorization, and the author found that the hadiths that were used as arguments for qunut subuh by the Shafi'i madhhab could be used as hujjah, Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that a hadith nash can be used as the basis for a religious law when it is at the level of maqbul hadith, at least hasan ligoiri, and for qunut hadith in the Shafi'i school of thought it is classified as maqbul hadith so it can be used as evidence for its implementation.
Green Ads, Green Hearts: How Ads and Caring for The Planet Boost Your Eco-Friendly Shopping Goals
Authors: Haider Iqbal  , Kamila Mariam Iftikhar  , Faraz Ahmed Wajidi  , Kiran Nooruddin  , Fouzia Imtiaz
Published: June 2024

Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this research investigates the relationship between green advertising, green purchase intention, and environmental concern, employing a structural model analysis to explain their complex dynamics. Through careful examination of empirical data, it is established that green advertising exerts a significant positive influence on both green purchase intention and environmental concern. However, contrary to initial hypotheses, environmental concern does not act as a mediator between green advertising and green purchase intention which is unexpected, nor does it directly influence green purchase intention. These findings highlight the complex nature of consumer behavior in the context of sustainability, highlighting the interplay between advertising stimuli, environmental attitudes, and purchasing intentions. By shedding light on these dynamics, this study contributes to the scholarly discourse surrounding environmentally responsible consumption patterns, providing valuable insights for marketers, policymakers, and researchers alike.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Inovatif melalui Media Digital di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Novela Dina , Ari Suriani  , Sahrun Nisa
Published: June 2024

Sarana dan prasarana media digital diperlukan untuk sistem pembelajaran regular. Media digital dalam pembelajaran memberikan banyak manfaat termasuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa, mengurangi kebosanan dan menghadirkan suasana belajar positif yang dapat mempererat hubungan antara guru dan siswa. Mendefenisikan dan menjelaskan secara mendalam tentang media pembelajaran digital sebagai bagian dari inovasi pembelajaran di sekolah dasar merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari studi pustaka (library research). Membuka wawasan baru tentang berbagai aspek media pembelajaran digital, seperti manfaat dari media digital, fungsi media digital dalam proses pembelajaran, dan penerapan media digital dalam pembelajaran sebagai salah satu bentuk pembelajaran inovatif di sekolah dasar.