bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Video Assisted Technology and Simulation to Transform a Nurse Anesthesia Machine and Equipment Course
Authors: Smith-Steinert, DNP, CRNA Rachel Marie , Stec, DNP, CNM, APRN, FACNM, FAAN Melissa
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Understanding how to use the anesthesia machine and how to troubleshoot when problems arise are paramount for nurse anesthesia practice. Simulation can provide a low-risk setting that allows students to learn in an environment representative of operational conditions. The purpose of this article was first to determine if simulation was an appropriate teaching modality to incorporate into the anesthesia machine course and second to explore the outcomes of utilizing such a modality in a traditional course.
Methods: This 2 group post-test design measured anesthesia machine learning in a traditional classroom and after introduction of simulated operating room experiences. Using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anesthesia machine checklist, a simulation exercise was formulated to review the basic function of the machine. Students were divided into groups and taken to the hospital operating room twice. The first session reviewed the FDA checklist and focused on the components and their intended usage and proper function. The second session discussed plausible machine failure scenarios. Three written exams, a final oral exam, and course evaluations were used to measure pre- and post-exercise mastery of material, competency, student satisfaction, and confidence.
Results: There were no statistical differences in mastery of material or competency with the modified course. However, student satisfaction and perceived confidence increased.
Conclusion: Use of simulation in the nurse anesthesia machine and equipment course allowed students to practice infrequent events that have grave consequences. Changing the way that nurse anesthesia programs teach this course could not only provide safer, more competent providers but also improve anesthesia safety overall.
Environment impact of inhaled anesthetics: A literature review
Authors: Margulies, MSN, CRNA Jake , Bahoravitch, MSN, CRNA Dirk , Collins, PhD, DNP, CRNA Shawn , Hewer, MSN, CRNA Ian
Published: August 2024

Current research demonstrates that increasing air pollution causes significant increases in cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, and even death. The known consequences of increasing greenhouse gases parallel those of air pollution and include higher rates of cardiovascular disease, asthma, and infectious disease. This literature review aimed to identify, assimilate, and summarize the known impacts of volatile anesthetics on the Earth’s environment. We present methods that are being used to reduce or eliminate these effects. We also aimed to summarize any known health effects on humans related to volatile anesthetic use and to review ways to reduce and eliminate these impacts. It is our hope that this review will provide evidence that leads to a change in current practice and future practice development that reduces the environmental impact and side effects related to volatile anesthetic use.
Partycypacja społeczna na rzecz miasta neutralnego klimatycznie
Authors: Wasiak Anna
Published: August 2024

Rozdział prezentuje partycypację społeczną jako pojęcie wciąż nowe, a jednak już bar­dzo dynamicznie rozwijane. Równolegle do rozwoju współpracy władz lokalnych ze spo­łecznością lokalną i wspólnego podejmowania decyzji wyłaniają się nowe kwestie do tej pory nieistniejące w świadomości społecznej, a tym samym w publicznej debacie. Zagroże­nia klimatyczne, emisja gazów cieplarnianych, susza, anomalie pogodowe to zagadnienia pozostające dotychczas poza sferą działań władz lokalnych. Współpraca, współdziałanie, współdecydowanie z mieszkańcami i mieszkankami wymagają rozwoju narzędzi partycy­pacji społecznej, a nawet klimatycznej partycypacji społecznej.
Reflection of Gender Norms in Kyrgyz and Turkish Tales on Social Life
Authors: Aslan Hatice Selcen , Küçükturan Ayşe Güler
Published: August 2024

The messages on gender roles given through fairy tales, which contain elements related to the structure of society, cause children to internalize the knowledge and behavioral patterns they have acquired since their early ages, to be exhibited at later ages. This study was carried out to scrutinize the gender norms in Kyrgyz and Turkish fairy tales, revealing their similarities and differences, and examining the reflection of these norms on social life. A case study model, one of the qualitative research methods, was used and data was collected through document review and interview techniques. The documents (fables), used in the study, were determined using the stratified purposeful sampling method. Among the tales reached in the first stage, the ones in the realistic tale type and enriched with extraordinary elements were selected: a Kyrgyz and a Turkish tale with a family theme were selected from these tales. Tales were examined in terms of the gender norms they contain. The contents of the tales were analyzed in detail with the descriptive analysis technique. Individual interviews were conducted with 2 Kyrgyz students living in Türkiye and 2 Turkish students living in Kyrgyzstan, and the data were analyzed with the descriptive analysis technique. In the research, different gender norms in both tales were determined and it was concluded that these norms were reflected in social life. These norms have emerged in the form of supporting the patriarchal structure in the Turkish fairy tale while in the Kyrgyz fairy tale, the woman is considered to be precious.
Prospections en chambre (suite)
Authors: Aubréville A.
Published: August 2024

Dans cette rubrique commencée au n° 14, nous publions les commentaires de M. l'Inspecteur général AUBRÉVILLE sur les principaux ouvrages ou études parus dans tous les pays du monde et consacrés aux problèmes forestiers tropicaux.
Ruban à grumes vertical, horizontal ou incliné ?
Authors: Chardin A.
Published: August 2024

L'installation d'un ruban à grumes en position inclinée permet d'obtenir les avantages des scies à ruban horizontal et vertical tout en le préservant de leurs principaux défauts. De nouveaux avantages peuvent même être ainsi obtenus.Les essais réalisés au Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, à Nogent-sur-Marne, n'ont pas permis jusqu'à présent de mettre en évidence une difficulté pratique susceptible de diminuer l'intérêt de cette méthode.
SOFT INTERSECTION ALMOST QUASI-INTERIOR IDEALS OF SEMIGROUPS
Authors: Sezgin Aslıhan , Kocakaya Fatıma Zehra , İlgin Aleyna
Published: August 2024

Similar to how the quasi-interior ideal generalizes the ideal and interior ideal of a semigroup, the concept of soft intersection quasi-interior ideal generalizes the idea of soft intersection ideal and soft intersection interior ideal of a semigroup. In this study, we provide the notion of soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideal as well as the soft intersection weakly almost quasi-interior ideal in a semigroup. We show that any nonnull soft intersection quasi-interior ideal is a soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideal; and soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideal is a soft intersection weakly almost quasi-interior ideal, but the converses are not true. We further demonstrate that any idempotent soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideal is a soft intersection almost subsemigroup. With the established theorem that states that if a nonempty set A is almost quasi-interior ideal, then its soft characteristic function is a soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideal, and vice versa, we are also able to derive several intriguing relationships concerning minimality, primeness, semiprimeness, and strongly primeness between almost quasi-interior ideals, and soft intersection almost quasi-interior ideals.
Navigating regulatory sandbox initiatives for innovation diffusion in fintech lending: A systematic review
Authors: Prastowo Rahardito Dio , Sensuse Dana Indra , Lusa Sofian , Putro Prasetyo Adi Wibowo
Published: August 2024

The development of digital technology has succeeded in providing alternative financial services with the FinTech lending industry. This industry allows direct connection between lenders and borrowers through a digital platform. FinTech lending has unique characteristics that provide advantages over traditional financial institution services, such as utilizing soft information for credit risk assessment, providing unsecured loans, and using third-party platforms to secure transactions. Indonesian government continues to update the regulatory framework for the FinTech industry including the implementation of regulatory sandbox. This effort aims to ensure that the development of digital financial innovation is beneficial and safe for society. Various jurisdictions have also implemented similar initiatives to address issues in FinTech lending, allowing companies to test their operations under regulatory supervision. This research conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA 2020 methodology to understand issues related to FinTech lending and the initiatives provided by regulatory sandboxes to address the issues. The study identified 10 issues in the FinTech lending sector using the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework and 11 initiatives from implementing regulatory sandboxes using the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) framework. Finally, this study highlights the potential for further research regarding the issues of algorithmic bias and monopolistic practices, as well as the exploration of how regulatory sandboxes can mitigate these issues.
Complementary relationships between entanglement and measurement
Authors: Steiner Michael , Rendell Ronald
Published: August 2024

Complementary relationships exist among interference properties of particles such as pattern visibility, predictability, and distinguishability. Additionally relationships between average information gain Ḡ and measurement disturbance F for entangled spin pairs are well established. This article examines whether a similar complementary relationship exists between entanglement and measurement. For qubit systems, both measurements on a single system and measurements on a bipartite system are considered in regard to entanglement. It is proven that Ē + D ≤ 1 holds, where Ē is the average entanglement after a measurement is made and D is a measure of the measurement disturbance of a single measurement. Assuming measurements on a bipartite system shared by Alice and Bob, it is shown that Ē + Ḡ ≤ 1, where Ḡ is the maximum average information gain that Bob can obtain regarding Alice’s result. These results are generalized to arbitrary initial mixed states and non-Hermitian operators. In the case of maximally entangled initial states, it is found that D ≤ EL and Ḡ ≤ EL, where EL is the loss of entanglement due to measurement by Alice. We conclude that the amount of disturbance and average information gain one can achieve is strictly limited by entanglement.
Formulating a Research Problem Statement
Authors: Yusuf Saldy
Published: August 2024

Academic writing is a means of reporting research findings to the public, allowing them to be known, replicated, or applied. However, academic writing differs significantly from non-academic writing. It is inherently objective, grounded in research facts, and supported by citations from existing studies to substantiate or refute arguments. In contrast, non-academic writing is subjective and does not require the use of factual evidence in every analysis. This fundamental difference poses a challenge for academic writing, particularly for novice researchers.
Politik Hukum Ketentuan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT) Dalam Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia
Authors: Puspitaningtyas Kinanthi , Waluyo Waluyo
Published: August 2024

Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 menggantikan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang dinyatakan tidak sah secara bersyarat oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 mengatur ketentuan PKWT (Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu), yang telah berubah sejak undang-undang sebelumnya dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Artikel ini menginvestigasi perkembangan yang mempengaruhi pekerja PKWT. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, persyaratan PKWT dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 telah dimodifikasi. Jika dibandingkan dengan peraturan sebelumnya yang diuraikan dalam UU Ketenagakerjaan, perubahan yang ada saat ini tampaknya gagal meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja. Jangka waktu kontrak PKWT yang ditetapkan dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2023 telah diperpanjang, membuat pekerja tidak yakin tentang kelayakan mereka untuk diangkat menjadi pekerja tetap atau perubahan status kontrak mereka menjadi PKWTT. Berdasarkan kesimpulan dari perdebatan ini, perubahan yang dilakukan terhadap ketentuan PKWT dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2023 berdampak negatif bagi pekerja. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk mengubah peraturan PKWT agar dapat lebih memenuhi tuntutan pekerja akan keadilan.
CITY RESILIENCE STRATEGIES IN DEALING WITH THE AFTERMATH OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: USING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Lailaturrohmah Faizah , Fitrianto Achmad Room
Published: August 2024

This study addresses the critical problem of urban vulnerability exposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, aiming to identify and evaluate effective resilience strategies within urban environments. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive methodology, this research draws on an extensive review of literature and environmental observations to analyze the strategies employed by cities in response to the pandemic. The study focuses on the socio-ecological systems approach, exploring how it can be applied to strengthen urban resilience. The findings reveal that resilience can be significantly enhanced through strategies that emphasize community engagement, adaptive governance, and the development of sustainable infrastructure. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and urban planners in crafting resilient cities capable of withstanding future crises. The study concludes that a holistic, community-driven approach is essential for fostering urban resilience in the face of global challenges.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE INCOME OF MSMES IN KLATEN DISTRICT BEFORE AND AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ramadhani Adriana Fitri , Iskandar Deden Dinar
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of capital, labor, government assistance, and technology on the income of MSMEs in the Klaten Regency before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, to analyze the difference in MSMEs income before and after the pandemic. The sample used in this study was 100 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. The primary data used was a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with income as the dependent and four independent variables which are capital, labor, government assistance, and technology. This research indicates a positive and significant effect of capital, labor, and technology variables on MSMEs' income before the pandemic, while the government assistance variable is insignificant. Moreover, capital and labor variables have a positive and significant effect on MSMEs income after the pandemic, while the government assistance and technology variables are not significant. In addition, the results of the study also show that there is a significant difference between MSMEs income before the pandemic and after the pandemic. MSMEs income before the pandemic was higher than after the pandemic.
IMPACT OF SILVER CRAFT DEVELOPMENT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN KOTAGEDE DISTRICT
Authors: Pratami Hati Sri , Purwohandoyo Joni , Setiawati Untari Eka
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify the dynamics of the development of the silver craft industry in Kotagede District, identify aspects related to the problems of the silver craft business, and analyze the influence of the development of the silver craft industry on the socio-economic conditions of household business actors. The study uses a descriptive approach with qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through structured interviews, field observations, and documentation. The analysis technique used is descriptive with the presentation of data in the form of tables and diagrams. The results show that the silver industry is a small and medium industry, and the development of the silver craft industry has a significant impact on the income of business actors, ownership of household assets, and children's education.
Impact of Gender, Age, and Education of Peer-to-Peer Lender on Loan Viability Assessment: Evidence from Sharia Firm
Authors: Maulia Azzahra , Gultom Yohanna M.L.
Published: August 2024

Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending offers investors the discretion to allocate funds based on their risk tolerance. However, funds cannot be withdrawn until loans mature or are repaid by borrowers, rendering it a relatively high-risk investment. Research suggests that women in older age groups tend to exhibit greater risk aversion, though financial literacy may mitigate gender disparities. This study employs logistic regression to analyze the impact of gender, age, and education on P2P loan viability assessment. Our findings indicate that, generally, older lenders are less likely to finance high-risk loans. However, older women with at least a bachelor’s degree display behaviors that contradict this theory.
Robust Hybrid Texture Descriptor (HTD) and a parallel score based fusion for face verification and liveness detection system
Authors: Parveen Dr.Sajida , Syed Ahmad Sharifah Mumtazah , Bhatti Nadeem Naeem , Halepoto Imtiaz Ali , Lakho Shamashad
Published: August 2024

Currently, most of the biometric recognition systems are based on face verification are susceptible to the spoof attacks. Video replays, printed photographs and 3D mask attacks provoke false acceptance lest some necessary counter-measures are employed. We focus on still face spoof attacks considered as one of the most easily generated attacks and challenging for modern face verification systems. To detect face spoofing, most of existing countermeasures focus on designing discriminative features to analyze the textural properties of facial skin. To improve the texture discriminating properties and get advantages from other texture descriptor, in this paper, a novel Hybrid Texture Descriptor (HTD) is proposed and models the joint performance of face verification and liveness detection by score fusion method, for which the multi-modeling is well recognized. Numbers of experiments are carried out on UPM face spoof and one public domain Replay attack databases as standalone countermeasure in addition to the consolidation with verification system by means of fusion of score. The potential of proposed method demonstrate the outperformance throughout the experiments.
Automated Opt-Out Hepatitis C Testing to Reduce Missed Screening Opportunities in the Emergency Department
Authors: Sperring Heather , Ruiz-Mercado Glorimar , Yun Brian J. , Twitchell David , Shah Bhavesh , Schechter-Perkins Elissa M.
Published: August 2024

We evaluated the impact of implementing automated hepatitis C (HCV) opt-out screening in the emergency department of an urban, academic medical center with high HCV prevalence, in the context of a longstanding HCV opt-in screening model. We compared nine-month periods before and after implementation. HCV testing increased by 502%, and active HCV infection identification increased by 212%. Settings where there is great opportunity for HCV diagnosis, such as emergency department settings, should consider opt-out HCV screening models. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(11):1228–1231. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307783 )
Correction of Acquired Leg Length Discrepancy after Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty by Revision Resurfacing
Authors: Wong Zachary , Jordan Louis A. , Saluja Anand , Spaan Jonathan , Su Edwin
Published: August 2024

Case:

A 53-year-old man presented with a 13-mm leg length discrepancy following left hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA), resulting in pain and imbalance. Advanced osteoarthritis of the contralateral hip was also noted. The patient strongly preferred HRA over total hip arthroplasty. Adequate remaining bone stock and the ability to resurface the contralateral hip allowed for resolution with 2 HRAs.

Conclusion:

This is the first known revision of a HRA with a subsequent HRA. Assuming sufficient bone stock and precise implant positioning, resurfacing presents a feasible methodology to overcome complex anatomical deformities and improve mobility.
The Protagonist Witch in Two YA Fantasy Novels
Authors: Briguglio Jennifer
Published: August 2024

The teen witches in young adult fantasy often possess magical abilities related to nature. In Rachel Griffin’s The Nature of Witches (2021), witch student Clara must learn to control her power over the weather as the last hope in the face of devastating climate change. In This Poison Heart (2021) by Kalynn Bayron, budding botanist Briseis can grow a seedling into a tree in moments and withstand the world’s most poisonous plants. Both Clara and Briseis use their abilities for community benefit, manipulating nature for medicine and protection. As teenagers their social power is volatile. As witches they are invaluable to their societies. Roberta Seelinger Trites identifies young adult literature as a place of power imbalance that allows young adult readers to explore their own social power within the safety of the text. Through an ecofeminist lens, this article explores the disconnect between Clara and Briseis’s status as adolescents and the social power gained through witchcraft. It considers how the protagonist witches employ their powers over nature to make a place for themselves (and the natural) within a community. I argue that the renegotiation of western ideological binaries in these texts is impeded by didactic socialisation within the young adult genre.
The Usage Of Magic Box-Based APE as an Effort To Improve Cognitive Aspects
Authors: Hambali Hambali , Harmonis Mistria , Rozi Fathor , Milla Munhidatul
Published: August 2024

This research is to find out The Usage of Magic Box-Based as An Effort  in improving cognitive aspects of youth capability identifies and keep in mind animal pictures, fruits, number and alphabet. The method used is a qualitative approach with a sort of case research, meanwhile, based on data and survey  that investigator was carried out by observation, inerview and documentation. Investigator formerly attach data obtained through interviews. In this sub-chapter, the result of inetrviews will be explained regarding The Usage of Magic Boxes in Improving Youth’s Cognitive Aspects. The technical data analysis carried out empirically, which begins swith observation and aware of used methods. As the subject of this research is an early childhood, Mawar group RA Walisongo Gayam Sumenep with a total of 20 childern. Result of scope research found that learning process could be implemented with a Learning Approachment Based of Magic Box where there are several steps to implement through creativity in every single youth’s presentation, the active interaction of youth through Magic Box, quiz presentation pass through thuse, provide positive feedback against youth. The implication obtained is the significant of an approachment that teachers employed, by utilizing other play methods that is effective will be competent to stimulate proggress of youth’s cognitive aspects.
Pelaksanaan Program Home Visit Di Tk Islam Terpadu Al Uswah Jatirogo
Authors: Novitasari Nurul
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul Pelaksanaan Program home visit di TK Islam Terpadu AL Uswah Jatirogo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang pelaksanaan program home visit dijalankan di Tk Islam Terpadu Al Uswah Jatirogo serta mengetahui tentang faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaan program home visit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, serta observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi atau data. Dari penelitian ini menunjukan hasil bahwa kegiatan program home visit di Tk Islam Terpadu Al Uswah Jatirogo sesuai dengan langkah-langkah dan teori pelaksanaan program home visit, yaitu melalui beberapa tahap antara lain perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Terdapat faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan program home visit yaitu faktor keluarga, sekolah dan juga masyarakat, selain faktor pendukung terdapat juga faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan home visit di antaranya yaitu jarak rumah siswa yang jauh dari sekolahan, sulitnya mencocokkan jadwal antara orang tua dengan orang tua siswa dan faktor cuaca.
Pengelolaan Komposter untuk Anak Usia Dini: Mengubah Kesadaran Lingkungan dan Pengurangan Sampah
Authors: Anggraeni Ira
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of composter management practices on the environmental awareness and behavior of young children about waste reduction. This research included observations, interviews, and the direct participation of children to identify the changes in their understanding of recycling organic waste into compost, which is beneficial for plants. The research findings indicate that children actively participate in substantial conversations regarding the composting process and recognize the vital role of organic waste management for the environment. This study emphasizes the importance of teachers in guiding children to identify and comprehend the distinctions between organic and inorganic waste by focusing on the process of managing composters. Children's active involvement in managing composters leads to behavioral changes such as enhanced awareness of the waste recycling process, commitment to environmental sustainability, and engagement in practical efforts to reduce landfill waste.
Bayesian-Based Approach in Soil Characterization for Tophole Design
Authors: Várady C. , Tenório J. , Silva E. , Lima Junior E. , Santos J. , Dias R. , Cutrim F.
Published: August 2024

This paper addresses Bayesian-based data-driven site characterization (DDSC) methods for estimating soil parameters used in tophole casing design. Different models are applied to data sets of piezocone tests (CPTu) conducted in Brazilian fields, and their performance is compared to some characterization techniques currently used by the oil and gas industry. Regression models are crucial for soil characterization for tophole casing design. Data-driven methods consist of a powerful tool for this purpose, allowing handling uncertainties originating from soil variability. This paper addresses regression models devoted to sparse data, namely geotechnical lasso (Glasso) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) from a Bayesian perspective considering prior knowledge of site information. This approach provides statistical information on soil parameters like undrained shear strength, supporting structural analysis of wellhead systems, and conductor/surface casing strings. Data sets were collected from in-situ CPTu tests conducted in the Campos basins in eastern Brazil. The first case study addressed primary CPTu data, including cone tip resistance, friction sleeves, and total pore pressure, to characterize undrained shear resistance as a random variable. In this context, the parameter was modeled using Phoon’s modified Bartlett test to calculate sample sizes that ensure stationarity. This approach presented relevant results in assessing the probability of failure for conductor and surface casing design based on the operator’s internal design criteria. In these applications, more robust techniques were used to improve data characterization. Glasso and GPR models are used to model parameter tendencies and evaluate the random data. These methods differ in prior probability density functions adopted—Laplace and Gaussian, respectively—and they are compared with regression techniques widely used in design practice. All the models were trained to estimate undrained shear resistance. Preliminary results confirm that the technique improves the characterization of soil strata and undrained shear strength, with a beneficial effect on the analysis of offshore tophole structural design cases. Some metrics, such as mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE), indicate that GPR outperforms other methods. This is an innovative methodology applied in real-case scenarios with data ceded from the partner operator. The formulation evaluates uncertainties associated with the spatial heterogeneity of the material, continuously improving robustness with each new project data. This enables a better understanding of soil behavior in specific oil fields and can assist the decision-making process in well design, improving operational safety. Furthermore, the results of the statistical modeling support reliability-based analysis to deliver probability-based indicators for well integrity design.
Scaling convolutional neural networks achieves expert-level seizure detection in neonatal EEG
Authors: Hogan Robert , Mathieson Sean , Luca Aurel , Ventura Soraia , Griffin Sean , Boylan Geraldine , O'Toole John
Published: August 2024

Neonatal seizures require urgent treatment but can go undetected without expert EEG monitoring. We develop and validate a seizure-detection model using retrospective EEG data from 332 neonates. A convolutional neural network was developed on over 50k hours (n=202) of annotated single-channel EEG containing 12k seizure events. This model was validated on two independent multi-reviewer datasets (n=51 and n=79).

Increasing data and model size improves performance: Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and Pearson's correlation (r) increased by up to 50% (15%) with data (model) scaling. The largest model (21m parameters) achieves state-of-the-art on an open-access dataset (MCC=0.764, r=0.824, and AUC=0.982). This model also attains expert-level performance on both validation sets, a first in this field, with no significant difference in inter-rater agreement when the model replaces an expert (Δκ < -0.095, p>0.05).
Quantitative insights from breast cancer screening of 100,000 women in India using an artificial intelligence-based tool
Authors: Kakileti Siva Teja , Manjunath Geetha , Collison Sathiakar , Madhu Himanshu J. , Sampangi Sudhakar , Prakash HV Ram , Gupta Ashu , Singh Sandeep , Adapa Karthik , Rajaneesh Nanda , Wasker Anand , Rastogi Sakshie , San Anasuya , Buggi Nirmala , Palicheralu Balu S. , Suresh HV , Mehta Garima , Lavingia Viraj , Balai Ajay , Y Naveen Bhat , G.N Srinivasa
Published: August 2024

Background
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Early detection is crucial for improving treatment outcomes and reducing costs. Systematic screening programs using mammography pose significant challenges in developing countries due to high-costs and skill shortages. Thermalytix is an affordable, portable, artificial intelligence (AI) based test that has demonstrated good clinical efficacy and economic feasibility for population-screening. This paper presents insights and data from implementing Thermalytix test on over 100,000 women in India.
Methods
Thermalytix was deployed at 150 clinical sites and at 1000 + screening camps outside hospitals. All women who took the test with informed consent, in either of these modes, were included to form a diverse cohort of 104,411 women from various socioeconomic backgrounds across 20 Indian-states. Thermalytix AI algorithms analyzed thermal patterns and automatically triaged women into three risk categories (red-yellow-green). Test Positivity Rate (TPR), assuming Red as test-positive, was computed for different cohorts.
Results
Thermalytix showed a TPR of 6.64% across the entire population. TPR in symptomatic women was 4x higher than in asymptomatic women. Women tested in hospitals exhibited a 1.6x higher TPR than those tested in screening camps. Highest TPR was observed in women aged above 60, followed by those aged 41–50 with complaints and those aged 31–40 without complaints. Postmenopausal women had a higher TPR than premenopausal women. Prior breast cancer led to a higher TPR than those without.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing Thermalytix for community screening in resource-constrained countries, and the findings correlated with known risk-factors.
In silico screening of multi-target drugs against Alzheimer's Disease: a repurposing approach
Authors: Amato Mariana Bertoldi , Martinez Daniela Peres , Dias Rafaella Sinnott , Höfs Fabiane Neitzke , Kremer Frederico Schmitt
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of brain cells and is the leading cause of dementia. The disease is characterized by the progressive accumulation of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles formed by beta-amyloid peptides (Aβ), which lead to neuronal death and decline in cognition and memory. To mitigate this process, different mechanisms and molecular targets have been explored for the prospecting of new drugs, and computational techniques play an important role in this screening process. In this work, a combination of QSAR models was trained to facilitate the screening of molecules against different targets of AD. In addition, a multi-target screening of FDA-approved drugs was performed using the QSAR models and molecular docking, and an analysis of the hit molecules revealed the potential of this approach in the screening and repurposing of molecules for AD drug discovery.
A preliminary floristic checklist of Kazinag national park, Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Ahmad Riyaz , Islam Tajamul , Khuroo Anzar Ahmad , Bhatnagar Yash Veer , Rawat Gopal S.
Published: August 2024

Protected areas play an important role in the conservation of biodiversity and provide life supporting ecosystem services to sustain the human wellbeing and their livelihood. In the present study, we provide a preliminary floristic checklist of Kazinag national park, located in the Kashmir Himalaya. The checklist includes 186 taxa (182 species, 2 subspecies, and 2 varieties) belonging to 147 genera in 55 families. The angiosperms were represented by 181 taxa (97.31%) belonging to 142 genera in 71 families, while gymnosperms are represented by 5 species (2.69%) belonging to 5 genera in 2 families. Asteraceae was the dominant family with 24 species, followed by Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae with 14 and 13 species respectively. Likewise, Astragalus followed by Erigeron and Impatiens were the dominant genera with 3 species each. The herbs were dominant (147 species, 79.03%), followed by shrubs (19, 10.22%) and trees (14, 7.53%). Lifespan wise, perennials were dominant (164 species, 88.17%), followed by annuals (21, 11.29%) and biennials (1, 0.54%). The hemicryptophytes were dominanat (110 species, 59.14%), followed by phanerophytes (36, 19.35%) and therophytes (22, 11.83%). This is the first comprehensive floristic checklist with assessment of their life-history traits from this Himalayan protected area, and the information can be used in conservation strategies for flora and management decisions about this national park and other protected areas in the region.
Simulated nitrogen deposition altered the differences in leaf traits among seasons and plant types along the vertical gradient in an evergreen broadleaf forest of western China
Authors: Chang Wenzheng , Liu Sining , Zhang Luyao , Song Qiu , Liang Tianxing , Chen Jie , Wang Zimeng , Xia Yingying , Qubi Niangniang , Zheng Xiaoying , Xiao Yuxi , Wang Lixia , Li Han , Zhang Li , You Chengming , Xu Hongwei , Xu Lin , Tan Bo , Xu Zhenfeng
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims Previous studies have focused on differences in leaf functional traits (LFTs) in response to N addition under spatiotemporal or species classification variations. However, in N-rich forest ecosystems, it is unknown whether continuous N input regulates plant phenology, further strengthening or weakening these differences. Methods We examined how N addition at 0, 20 (LN), and 40 kg N hm–2 a–1 (HN) affected the variations in LFTs (and trait-trait covariations) among seasons (April and August) and plant types in an N-rich evergreen broadleaf forest in western China. Results Along the vertical vegetation gradient (from trees to shrubs to herbs), the seasonal variation in LFTs diminished. Most plants had higher C and P contents in August than in April. The HN treatment reduced the seasonal variation in C content of trees and herbs, while it accentuated that of shrubs. Additionally, HN significantly decreased the differences in C and P between trees and both shrubs and herbs, while enhancing the differences in leaf N between shrubs and herbs in August. However, N addition did not significantly affect leaf pH, dry matter content, or specific leaf area. Only the N–P scaling in covariations decreased with increasing N addition. Conclusion High N input may aggravate this area to move towards N saturation and P limitation. The heterogeneous response among plants with different ecological adaptation strategies to N additions regulating the differences in LFTs on seasonal dynamics as well as plant types, and could have important implications for plant–soil feedback mechanisms concerning nutrient limitation.
G-FORT: A Graph Neural Network Based Object Trajectory Tracking Method for Table Tennis
Authors: Zou Tianjian , Wei Jiangning , Yu Bo , Qiu Xinzhu , Zhang Hao , Du Xu , Liu Jun
Published: August 2024

The key object tracking in sports video scenarios poses a pivotal challenge in the analysis of sports techniques and tactics. In table tennis, due to the small size and rapid motion of the ball, identifying and tracking the table tennis ball through video is a particularly arduous task, where the majority of existing detection and tracking algorithms struggle to meet the practical application requirements in real-world scenarios. To address this issue, this paper proposes a combined technical approach integrating detection and discrimination, tailored to the unique motion characteristics of table tennis. For the detector, we utilize and refine a common video differential detector. As for the discriminator, we introduce GMP (a Graph Max-message Pass Neural Network), which is designed specifically for tracking table tennis balls or similar objects. Furthermore, we enhance an existing dataset for table tennis tracking problems by enriching its scenarios. The results demonstrate that our proposed technical solution performs impressively on both the dataset and the intended real-world environments, showcasing the good scalability of our algorithms and models as well as their potential for application in other scenarios.
A Macroscopic Traffic Model based on Pavement Condition Index
Authors: Haq Shan Ul , Khan Zawar Hussian , Khan Inamullah , Khattak Khurram Shahzad , Shahzada Khan , Ali Mujahid , Arunachalam Krishna Prakash , Flores Erick I Saavedra , Avudaiappan Siva
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of poor road conditions makes urban traffic gridlock, leading to increased travel time and disruptions in urban mobility in developing countries. In this research the Payne-Whitham (PW) model which is second-order macroscopic traffic flow model was modified by replacing the speed constant (\(\:{C}_{^\circ\:}\)) with a novel parameter, the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and its derivative with respect to PCI. By integrating PCI, drivers' responses are adjusted based on the road condition, potentially addressing drawbacks related to the lack of physical interpretation of (\(\:{C}_{^\circ\:}\)), and parameter sensitivity. The performance of the PW and Proposed model is simulated in MATLAB, over 3500m circular road, considering the PCI. The results shows that the proposed model provides realistic representation of traffic flow behavior, where density and speed sharp change patterns smoothen and exhibit inverse relationships as expected.
“Sometimes you have knowledge but lack the equipment to save a life”: Perspectives on health system barriers to post-abortion care in Liberia and Sierra Leone
Authors: OBURE Vallery Auma , Juma Kenneth , ATHERO Sherine , DONZO Vekeh , Conteh-KHALI Neneh , OUEDRAOGO Ramatou , USHIE Boniface Ayanbekongshie
Published: August 2024

Background
Post-abortion care is a lifesaving intervention to address abortion-related complications. Yet, several women who experience abortion-related complications face difficulties accessing quality and comprehensive Post-abortion care within health facilities. Research on barriers to post-abortion care from multiple perspectives is critical to inform specific programmatic improvements to enhance access to quality Post-abortion care services.
Objectives
This study explored stakeholder perspectives on the barriers to accessing quality post-abortion care in health facilities in Liberia and Sierra Leone.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional qualitative study targeting both post-abortion care health providers in selected health facilities and stakeholders in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Data collection included in-depth interviews conducted with health providers and policy actors (representatives from religious institutions, ministries of health, civil society organizations, and non-government organizations) working on sexual and reproductive health issues in the two countries. Data were coded using Dedoose analytic software and analyzed using a thematic approach.
Findings:
Stakeholders in Sierra Leone and Liberia had varying viewpoints of what constitutes quality post-abortion care, reflecting on their practices and behavior around the service. Our analysis showed several weaknesses and gaps in the capacity of health facilities to deliver post-abortion care. Lack of trained providers was more pronounced in Sierra Leone than Liberia. In both countries, the absence of and faulty post-abortion care equipment, inadequate supplies, and infrastructure-related challenges were commonplace. For instance, the lack of rooms with audio-visual privacy during post-abortion care services curtailed quality services and impaired confidentiality. Inadequate dissemination of post-abortion care guidelines implied that providers had no or limited knowledge of the law, and best practices, leading to delays, denial of post-abortion care, overcharging fees, and stigmatization of some patients.
Conclusion
Despite the existing policies and interventions on post-abortion, many health facilities in Liberia and Sierra Leone still lack essential post-abortion care equipment and supplies, and trained providers. There is a need to recruit and train willing providers, along with a clear referral system. Further, sensitizing health providers, stakeholders, and communities on abortion-related policies, guidelines, and value clarification could help improve post-abortion care service provision and uptake.
Turkronicles: Diachronic Resources for the Fast Evolving Turkish Language
Authors: YAZAR Umur Togay , Kutlu Mucahid , Bayırlı İsa Kerem
Published: August 2024

Over the past century, the Turkish language has undergone substantial changes, mainly driven by governmental interventions. The relatively rapid linguistic evolution of the Turk-ish language complicates the processing of historical Turkish documents. In this work, we introduce Turkronicles, which is a diachronic corpus for Turkish derived from the OfficialGazette of Türkiye and the records of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye, spanning the period from 1920 to 2022. Turkronicles contains 45K documents and 842M tokens, making it an important resource for analyzing the linguistic evolution of Turkish and developing models to process historical Turkish documents. In addition, we develop a library to conduct linguistic analysis on diachronic corpora easily. Furthermore, we explore how the Turkish vocabulary and the writing conventions have changed since 1920 using our corpus. Our analysis reveals that the vocabulary has changed significantly and multiple spellings exist for several words. Specifically, we show that vocabulary divergence increases over time, as expected. Approximately 65% of the words used in the 1920s were no longer in use between 2010 and 2019. Despite the substantial vocabulary changes, we demonstrate that it is possible to identify old Turkish words that have the same meanings with newly coined ones using word embeddings. Regarding writing conventions, we found a noticeable decrease in the use of circumflex. In addition, words ending with the letters ’-b’ and ’-d’ have been largely replaced by their counterparts ending with ’-p’ and ’-t’, respectively, although the former are still in use. Overall, our study quantitatively highlights the dramatic changes in Turkish from various linguistic aspects
Simulation of carbon monoxide dispersion released from a fleet in urban environment
Authors: Souza Délio B. , Barrozo Marcos A.S. , Lopes Luís C.O. , Murata Valéria V.
Published: August 2024

The utilization of mathematical models for predicting the concentration of toxic gases and particulate matter plays a crucial role in formulating public health policies that consider the numerous factors influencing their dispersion levels. In this study, we apply applies phenomenological mathematical models grounded in the conservative equations, coupled with turbulence κ – ε model, to simulate carbon monoxide (CO) dispersion emitted by vehicles in an urban environment located in Uberlandia – Minas Gerais, Brazil. Our analysis encompasses factors such as traffic signal downtimes, vehicle types and fleet ages, and the region's specific climatic conditions. These simulations were conducted using OpenFOAM® in an urban setting, allowing us to effectively address atmospheric stratification, mitigation, and heat exchange phenomena. Consequently, our findings can contribute to a better understanding of the complexities associated with urban air quality and aids in the development of strategies to mitigate the health risks associated with vehicular emissions.
WITHDRAWN: In vivo Investigation of The Antidiabetic potential of Manilkara hexandra leaves and fruits extracts against streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia in rats
Authors: Alanazi Samyah , Baky Mostafa H. , Kamal Amel M. , Elgindi Mohamed R. , Haggag Eman G. , Ali Mamdouh M. , Barghash Mohamed F.
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus has been one of the most crippling diseases with huge social, health, and economic consequences. Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard is a small to medium sized evergreen edible fruit-producing tree belonging to the family Sapotaceae and cultivated in Egypt. The main goal of the current study is to evaluate the effect of oral administration of M. hexandra different extracts including fruit methanolic soluble portion, leaf methanolic soluble portion, fruit aqueous methanolic extract, and leaf aqueous methanolic extract for 30 days at a dose of 1/10 of their LD50 (2 g/kg b.w) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Glucose and insulin were assayed in blood while reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity were measured in pancreatic tissues. Phytochemical investigation of M. hexandra leaf and fruit revealed the purification of five compounds among which three compounds were isolated from the leaf and identified as β-sitosterol, β-amyrin, and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosy-protobassic acid, respectively. Moreover, two flavonoids were identified in M. hexandra fruit viz. quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside. The results obtained from this study revealed that streptozotocin administration resulted in significant elevation in the level of both lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide with depletion in the level of reduced glutathione as compared with control accompanied with hyperglycemia, hypo-insulinemia and low insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the activity of pancreatic TrxR was lower than the control group. Oral administration of the diabetic rats with the extracts normalizes the previous biochemical parameters reaching near the normal level. M. hexandra fruit and leaf aqueous methanolic extract and methanolic soluble portion exhibited significant antidiabetic activity and corrected the insulin level and sensitivity in experimentally induced diabetic rats.