bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Quale mondo scelgo per me?" La scissione psichica come metafora politica.
Authors: Oddo Letizia
Published: April 2022

L'articolo prende spunto da un sogno, nel quale gli abitanti si trovano in un mondo improvvisamente spaccato in due, isolati gli uni dagli altri, per effetto di un cataclisma naturale. Come l'autrice cerca di evidenziare, la crescente tendenza della società occidentale contemporanea verso i processi dissociativi appare collegata alla dinamica di opposizione psichica fra naturale e artificiale, individuo e cosmo, soggetto e comunità.Il taglio, la scissione tra mondi, spazio interno e esterno, sono espressione di un paradigma economico volto al controllo, all'utile, al vantaggio competitivo, che nega il nesso di corrispondenza fra la sfera naturale e spirituale, politica e sociale. La coscienza individuale e collettiva, chiusa nella propria autoreferenzialità, sempre più incapace di integrare i contenuti dell'alterità e molteplicità, è soggetta a processi di scissione psichica, all'attivazione di emozioni, fantasie inconsce: ossessioni identitarie, fanatismi persecutori, infezioni psichiche. Si tratta, invece, di interrogarsi sulle possibilità di azione e collaborazione sociale e politica, di creatività psichica, là dove l'umano, il vivente, l'organico e l'inorganico si imprimono, si fanno natura e storia in una dinamica trasformativa, tra contraddizioni e generazioni.
ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION OF MARKET SEGEMENTATION IN BANKING SECTOR USING KMEANS MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM
Authors: Durojaye D. I. , Obunadike Georgina
Published: April 2022

Segmentation is a way of assigning each dataset to a segment called cluster. It is widely applied in different area of human endeavor such as banking sector, health sector, retail, media etc. Many organizations are faced with problems of ineffective customer care services and intelligent management decisions because of inability to effectively analyze customer data that will give insight to the nature of customers to help in effective customer services and intelligent management decision.  Kmeans algorithm is the widely used algorithm for market segmentation, normally the k value of Kmeans algorithm are randomly picked. Picking the optimal k value is usually a challenge in application of Kmeans algorithm and this usually affects the performance of Kmeans algorithm. This work applies elbow method to obtain the optimal k value that was applied to analyze dataset from banking sector (in this case United Bank of Africa) for better insight, business management and marketing strategy. The customer cluster created was evaluated using visual plots and cluster centers. The optimal k value of six (6) was obtained using the elbow function. The dataset was thus segmented based on the optimal k value of 6 obtained. The clustering results obtained showed high intra cluster similarity (data within a cluster are similar) and low inter cluster similarity (data from different clusters are dissimilar). The result also showed that customers in cluster 3 and 4 has similar marketing needs and can be served together
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBERHASILAN USAHA (STUDI PADA INDUSTRI KECIL ALAS KAKI DI KOTA MOJOKERTO)
Authors: Kustini Kustini , Rahma Dea Talitha , Iriyanti Endang
Published: April 2022

Sektor perekonomian merupakan sektor yang saat ini berkembang pesat. Banyak pelaku bisnis yang membangun usaha sendiri baik itu usaha formal maupun informal, salah satunya UMKM yang memegang peran dalam menambah pemasukan negara dalam bentuk devisa. Jawa Timur menjadi provinsi dengan kinerja perekonomian yang tumbuh lebih unggul dari provinsi lain di pulau Jawa. Satu diantara faktor yang ada yang mendorong hal di atas karena di Mojokerto terdapat salah satu usaha unggulan yaitu usaha alas kaki. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh antara efikasi diri dan jiwa kewirausahaan terhadap keberhasilan usaha para pelaku bisnis. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu para pelaku bismis usaha alas kaki di Kota Mojokerto yang berjumlah 214 unit usaha dan menggunakan 69 sampel yang ditentukan dengan teknik slovin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Model – Partial Least Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri dan jiwa kewirausahaan berkontribusi terhadap keberhasilan usaha para pelaku bisnis.
Peran Pelatihan dan Keterikatan Kerja Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Pada Industri Telekomunikasi
Authors: Ruhiyat Imam , Meria Lista , Julianingsih Dwi
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui peran pelatihan, keterikatan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pegawai pada Industri Penyediaan Jasa Telekomunikasi yang berdomisili di wilayah Jabodetabek. Variabel bebasnya adalah pelatihan, keterikatan kerja, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kinerja pegawai. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang berdomisili di wilayah Jabodetabek yang bekerja di perusahaan jasa telekomunikasi. Jumlah sampel yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini adalah 200 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling, pengujian instrumen data menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Berdasarkan penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Selanjutnya pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap work engagement. Kemudian work engagement berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Kata kunci  : Pelatihan, Keterlibatan Kerja, Kinerja Karyawan.
Features and Applications of Battery Powered Power Tool
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University, Shichkov L.P. , Lyudin V.B. ,   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University, Mokhova O.P. ,   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University
Published: April 2022

An overview of a rechargeable battery-powered electric hand tool and an analysis of its use is given. The necessity of classifying such a power tool according to various indicators is shown in order to unify the equipment used and improve the reliability of its operation in agricultural conditions.
Kinerja Desentralisasi dan Sistem Akuntansi Manajemen Terhadap Kinerja Manajer Pada Bisnis Perhotelan di Kota Palembang
Authors: Fitriasuri Fitriasuri , Arsyad Sholahuddin
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The purpose of this study in general is to determine the role of decentralization and management accounting systems on the performance of hotel business managers in the Palembang city area. The independent variables used are decentralization and management accounting systems, while the dependent variable is the manager's performance. The sample in this study were 38 respondents who were managers from various levels. The 38 respondents came from 10 hotels in Palembang. Respondents were selected using purposive random sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire with 35 questions and analyzed using Linear Regression. The results of the analysis show R Square 48.6% and a significance level of 0.001. The results of the study indicate that decentralization and management accounting systems simultaneously affect the performance of managers in the hospitality sector in the city of Palembang. For the partial test, the significance level of the decentralization variable is 0.068 and the regression coefficient is 0.374, which means that decentralization partially has no effect on the manager's performance, while the significance level of the management accounting system is 0.004 and the regression coefficient is 0.447, which means that the management accounting system partially has a positive effect on the performance of hotel managers. .

Keywords: decentralization, management accounting system, manager performance

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini secara umum adalah untuk mengetahui Kinerja desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen terhadap kinerja manajer bisnis perhotelan yang ada di wilayah  kota Palembang. Variabel independen yang digunakan adalah desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah kinerja manajer. Sampel  yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 38 responden manajer dari berbagai tingkatan dan berasal dari 10 hotel yang ada di kota Palembang  yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner dengan 35 butir pertanyaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Regresi Linear. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai R2 sebesar 48,6% dan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh terhadap kinerja manajer di bidang perhotelan di kota Palembang.  Untuk Uji parsial tingkat signifikansi variabel desentralisasi adalah 0,068 dan koefisien regresi 0,374 yang artinya desentralisasi secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajer, sedangkan tingkat signifikansi sistem akuntansi manajemen adalah 0,004 dan koefisien regresi 0,447 yang artinya sistem akuntansi manajemen secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja manajer bidang perhotelan.

Kata Kunci: desentralisasi, sistem akuntansi  manajemen, kinerja manajer
A mikrobiom-asszociált gyulladás és a migrén: a bél–agy tengely újabb állomása?
Authors: Jarecsny Tamás , Trencséni Dalma , Peták István , Mechtler László , Frecska Ede , Schwab Richard
Published: April 2022

Bél–agy tengelynek nevezzük az emésztőrendszer és a központi idegrendszer működése közötti funkcionális kapcsolatot. A humán mikrobiom ezen a területen is nagy áttörést hozott, és új perspektívába helyezte a migrén kóroktanának tényezőit is, amelyek ma a klinikai agykutatás és a farmakológia fontos kutatási területei. Jelen összefoglaló a környezeti tényezők hosszú távú hatásait – a mikrobiom-változással kialakuló gyulladásos és anyagcsere-eltéréseket – helyezi el a migrén patofiziológiájának legújabb eredményei mellé. Gyakorlati támpontokat kíván adni a betegellátásban a tüneti és oki tényezők feltérképezéséhez, illetve ezekkel kapcsolatos életmódtényezők azonosításához. Ez lehetővé teszi ezen környezeti oki tényezők változtatását és a célzott gyógyszeres kezelés kiegészítését a krónikus fejfájásban szenvedő, migrénre is hajlamos betegek sikeres preventív kezelése érdekében. Ennek a jelentősége óriási a migrén nagy prevalenciája miatt a nyugati világban, illetve a kezelésére széles körben alkalmazott fájdalomcsillapító (tüneti) kezelések hosszú távú szövődményei miatt.
Evaluation of Yield and Yield-Related Trait on the Performance of Bread Wheat Varieties with their Production Package in Atarimesk and Maibar Watershed Wollo, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebru Akalu , Mekonnen Agegnehu
Published: April 2022

The trial had been conducted using farmer preference and analysis of variance at two locations in Atarimesk and Maibar (top, middle and downstream) watershed. It was replicated three times in each location per farmers and would provide five improved bread wheat varieties and one local variety totally of six varieties. The plot sizes of each variety were 4m*3m and the planting methods were in raw 125 kg/ ha at farmer planting time. The spacing between rows and plots will be 0.2m and 0.5m respectively. Analysis of variance over the two locations revealed that highly significant difference (0.01) over in days to heading, and grain yield, and Analysis of variance in maibar location days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, thousand seed weight, and grain yields were highly significant. In Atarimesk location days to heading and grain yields were highly significant. But days to mature, spike length, and thousand seed weight were non-significant. Variety. Tsehay and sorra took the short number of days to head and mature, these help to escape drought occurrence in eastern Amhara. As far as disease reaction is concerned, Variety Tsehaye no disease incidence in two locations. But variety sorra shows five percent incidence with less than five percent severity in one farm, only one replication. Farmers were select variety sorra and Tsehay by their own selection criteria. From the analysis of variance, Variety sorra and Tsehay 34 kg/ha and 27 kg/ha give yield advantage over the local variety respectively. Therefore, Variety Sorra and Tsehay are recommended for further production in Maibar, Atarimesk and similar agro-ecologies.
The Introductıon of the Kastamonu Sharia Registry No.2 Dated 1673-1677 (h. 1084-1087) and Some Determinations Regarding the Economic and Social Structure
Authors: DAĞSEVER Veli İlker
Published: April 2022

When the meaning of the word Shariyya is looked at, the rules that are in accordance with the principles of the Islamic religion and the world order commanded by this religion come to mind. The most important judicial organ of the Ottoman Empire, which adopted Islamic law as a way of life, is the Sharia courts. When the records kept in the courts are examined, it is possible to come across various kinds of documents concerning the state and society and to have information in the relevant field. Therefore, Şerʽiyye registries, which are the most basic archival documents in Ottoman provincial historiography, are among the most basic resources that those who will study in this field should apply. Everything related to the social texture, education, cultural structure or people of a region or city can be fully understood based on the Şer'iyye Registers. This is because the documents in question not only reflect the social relations of the daily lives of ordinary people who were once witnesses, but also reveal their obligations to the state and the role they played in this matter from a historical perspective. In this study, brief information about the legal system of the Ottoman provinces and the Kadılık Institution, which was the executive of this system, were given in general terms, and it was tried to be introduced by classifying them according to the subject of Kadılık Register No. 2.
Too Much Democracy? Exploring the Link Between Majoritarian Institutions and Disparities in the American States
Authors: Pacheco Julianna , LaCombe Scott
Published: April 2022

Do state institutions that empower majority preferences exacerbate disparities in social outcomes? Under what conditions do majoritarian institutions exacerbate inequalities in the American states? Our argument is that equality is most likely to be threatened under majoritarian institutions when (1) there are systemic participatory biases and/or (2) there are widespread prejudices about particular groups in society. We find that majoritarian institutions are associated with larger disparities between white and black life expectancy and poverty rates across the American states, but not educational attainment. We also find that this effect is moderated by racial context, with majoritarian institutions being associated with greater disparities for states with diverse racial contexts and smaller disparities in more homogenous states. These findings suggest that majoritarian institutions operate to the benefit of the white majority, while coming at the cost of minority population outcomes when a racial threat is perceived, and presumably, public opinion is biased.
Effects of Pre-Synchronization With Prostaglandin F2α and a Progestin, and Delayed Insemination on Pregnancy Rates With Sexed Semen in Replacement Beef Heifers
Authors: Oosthuizen Nicola , Porter Kristina , Burato Samir , Goncalves Lucas M. , Pohler Ky G. , Fontes Pedro L. P. , Lamb G. Cliff
Published: April 2022

To determine the effects of pre-synchronization and delayed fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) on pregnancy rates (PR/AI) with sexed semen, 1,844 beef heifers were enrolled in a completely randomized design at 12 locations. Within a location, the heifers were randomly assigned to one of the five treatments: (1 and 2), heifers were administered prostaglandin F2α (PGF) on Day -7, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and a controlled internal drug releasing (CIDR) insert on Day 0, PGF at CIDR removal on Day 7, and a second injection of GnRH at TAI 72 h later with either conventional (CTRL72-CNV) or sexed semen (CTRL72-SEX); (3 and 4), treated the same as CTRL72 but received a CIDR insert on Day -7 at PGF administration and TAI at 60 h with either conventional (CIDR60-CNV) or sexed semen (CIDR60-SEX); (5), treated the same as CIDR60 but had TAI delayed to 72 h with sexed semen (CIDR72-SEX). Estrus detection patches were applied to all heifers on Day 7 and were evaluated for activation at TAI. Estrus expression did not differ (p = 0.92) between CIDR60 and CIDR72 heifers, but was greater (p < 0.001) in CIDR60 and CIDR72 heifers compared with CTRL72 heifers. Among treatments, PR/AI differed (p < 0.001) and were greater (p ≤ 0.003) in CTRL72-CNV and CIDR60-CNV heifers than CIDR60-SEX and CIDR72-SEX heifers (51.6 and 48.1 vs. 37.5 and 25.3%, respectively). In addition, PR/AI were greater (p < 0.001) in CTRL72-SEX and CIDR60-SEX heifers when compared with CIDR72-SEX (42.0 and 37.5 vs. 25.3%, respectively) heifers but only tended (p = 0.09) to differ between CTRL72-SEX and CIDR60-CNV heifers. No differences (p = 0.33) were determined between CTRL72-CNV and CIDR60-CNV or between CTRL72-SEX and CIDR60-SEX heifers (p = 0.22). In conclusion, no differences were determined between heifers pre-synchronized with only PGF and those pre-synchronized with PGF and a CIDR insert when inseminated with either conventional or sexed semen. Therefore, the use of a CIDR insert for an additional 7 days was not beneficial to PR/AI when heifers were TAI at 60 h with either conventional or sexed semen. Furthermore, delaying TAI to 72 h with sexed semen after pre-synchronization with both PGF and a CIDR insert had a negative impact on PR/AI.
A Static Area Coverage Algorithm for Heterogeneous AUV Group Based on Biological Competition Mechanism
Authors: Guo Xuan , Chen Yuepeng , Zhao Dongming , Luo Guangyu
Published: April 2022

Static area coverage of the heterogeneous autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) group is widely used in many fields. With the use of the centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) algorithm, the coverage problem can be resolved. However, the CVT method, which is optimized with the location evaluation function, cannot consider the heterogeneity of AUVs when the group performs the static area coverage task and will cause a waste of resources. In this paper, considering different AUVs’ task requirements and detection capabilities comprehensively, we propose a coverage control optimization algorithm based on a biological competition mechanism (BCM). By using BCM, the task load of each AUV can be distributed consistently. In addition, we provide strict proof of the consistency of the algorithm based on the Lyapunov method. Simulation results demonstrate that with the proposed algorithm, the location distribution of the heterogeneous AUV group for area coverage is close to the balanced value, and the performance is better than the CVT algorithm for static area coverage.
In Vitro Study of Endothelial Cell Morphology and Gene Expression in Response to Wall Shear Stress Induced by Arterial Stenosis
Authors: Mu Lizhong , Liu Xiaolong , Liu Mengmeng , Long Lili , Chi Qingzhuo , He Ying , Pan Yue , Ji Changjin , Gao Ge , Li Xiaona
Published: April 2022

Objectives: We examined the correlation between changes in hemodynamic characteristics induced by arterial stenosis and vascular endothelial cell (EC) morphology and gene expression in straight silicone arteries.

Materials and methods: Transparent silicone straight artery models with four degrees of stenosis (0, 30, 50, and 70%) were fabricated. Particle image velocimetry was performed to screen silicone vessel structures with good symmetry and to match the numerical simulations. After the inner surface of a symmetric model was populated with ECs, it was perfusion-cultured at a steady flow rate. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was conducted under the same perfusion conditions as in the flow experiment. The high-WSS region was then identified by CFD simulation. EC morphology in the high-WSS regions was characterized by confocal microscopy. ECs were antibody-stained to analyze the expression of inflammatory factors, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, which were then correlated with the CFD simulations.

Results: As the degree of vascular stenosis increases, more evident jet flow occurs, and the maximum WSS position moves away first and then back. ECs were irregularly shaped at vortex flow regions. The number of gaps between the cells in high-WSS regions increased. The MMP-9 and NF-κB expression did not differ between vessels with 30 and 0% stenosis. When arterial stenosis was 70%, the MMP-9 and NF-κB expression increased significantly, which correlated with the regions of substantially high WSS in the CFD simulations.

Conclusion: Stenotic arteries induce hemodynamic stress variations, which contribute to differences in EC morphology and gene expression. A high degree of vascular stenosis can directly increase inflammatory factor expression.
In Vivo Corneal Biomechanical Properties in a Selected Chinese Population, Measured Using the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology
Authors: Li Yuxin , Tian Lei , Guo Li-Li, , Hao Yiran , Jie Ying
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of recalculated dynamic corneal response (DCR) parameters and the biomechanical-compensated intraocular pressure (bIOP) derived from the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST), as well as to study the variations of DCR parameters and their relationship with demographic, and ocular characteristics.

Methods: A total of 544 healthy subjects were recruited in this study and a series of ophthalmological examinations were performed on their right eyes. Three repeated measurements were obtained at 3-min intervals for 291 of the participants to ensure repeatability. A sum of 100 participants was examined twice within 2-h intervals using two different Corvis ST in the reproducibility study. The repeatability and reproducibility of 37 parameters, including 36 DCR parameters and bIOP, were assessed by the coefficient of repeatability (CR), coefficient of variation (CV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and within-subject standard deviation (sw). Pearson’s correlation coefficients and stepwise multivariate linear regression models were performed to investigate whether the DCR parameters were related to demographic and ocular characteristics.

Results: Of all the 37 parameters, 34 showed excellent (ICC ≥0.90) or good (ICC ≥0.75) repeatability while 27 of the 37 parameters showed excellent (ICC ≥0.90) or good (ICC ≥0.75) reproducibility. In particular, a CV of less than 20% was found for all DCR parameters and bIOP. A fraction of 14 out of 36 DCR parameters was selected for correlation analysis, based on measurement reliability and clinical relevance in referring to previous literature. Age was negatively associated with the Highest concavity delta arc length (HCdArcL) and peak distance (PD) but it positively correlated with the Whole Eye Movement Max Length (WEMML). Intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) were negatively associated with the deformation amplitude ratio (DARM) [1 mm], A1 Velocity (A1V), and PD, while positively related to the stiffness parameter at applanation 1 (SP-A1). The bIOP was negatively associated with A1V but positively associated with A2 Velocity (A2V). The anterior chamber volume (ACV) was negatively associated with the pachy slope (PS), WEMML, and SP-A1.

Conclusion. The Corvis ST showed good precision for the repeatability and reproducibility of 36 DCR parameters and bIOP parameters in healthy eyes. The IOP, CCT, bIOP, Km, and ACV significantly influenced the DCR parameters of the eyes.
A Study of Collaborative Innovation Mechanism of Prefabricated Construction Enterprises Using Order Parameter
Authors: Guo Zhenxu , Li Lihong
Published: April 2022

In innovation-driven development, collaborative innovation is gradually becoming a critical sustainable way for prefabricated construction enterprises (PCEs). However, academia and industry do not have a deep understanding of the collaborative innovation of prefabricated construction enterprises (CIPCE), and there is a lack of quantitative-driven research. This study aims to analyze the composition of the CIPCE and measure the operation process and results of the mechanism based on the order parameter. First of all, this study uses semi-structured interviews to analyze the mechanism of CIPCE in the current construction environment. Next, combining structured interviews and literature analysis, the original data was obtained through a questionnaire survey from 15 PCEs in Shenyang, China. Finally, according to the order parameter method, the operation process and results of the CIPCE mechanism are further measured, that is, the synergy and innovation performance that affects its decision-making. The results show that the CIPCE includes four sub-mechanisms: dual drive, resource supply, collaborative operation, and trust guarantee. The orderliness of enterprises has risen overall with partial fluctuations, and the synergy is low. Enterprise innovation performance generally presents a relatively high, but local fluctuations lead to continuous changes. These findings point out the direction for PCEs to maintain their competitiveness in response to the climate crisis and provide action guidelines for the future construction industry to minimize the negative impact on the environment.
Schlemm’s Canal Endothelium Cellular Connectivity in Giant Vacuole and Pore Formation in Different Flow-type Areas: A Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Swain David L. , Yasmin Senila , Fernandes Beatriz , Lamaj Ganimete , Su Yanfeng , Gong Haiyan
Published: April 2022

Glaucoma is associated with increased resistance in the conventional aqueous humor (AH) outflow pathway of the eye. The majority of resistance is thought to reside in the juxtacanalicular connective tissue (JCT) region of the trabecular meshwork and is modulated by the inner wall (IW) endothelial cells of Schlemm’s canal (SC). The IW cells form connections with the underlying JCT cells/matrix, and these connections are thought to modulate outflow resistance. Two ways by which AH crosses the IW endothelium are through: 1) the formation of outpouchings in IW cells called giant vacuoles (GVs) and their intracellular pores (I-pores), and 2) intercellular pores between two adjacent IW cells (B-pores). AH outflow is segmental with areas of high-, low-, and non-flow around the circumference of the eye. To investigate whether changes in cellular connectivity play a role in segmental outflow regulation, we used global imaging, serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM), and 3D reconstruction to examine individual IW cells from different flow areas of ex vivo perfused normal human donor eyes. Specifically, we investigated the differences in cellular dimensions, connections with JCT cells/matrix, GVs, and pores in SC IW cells between high-, low-, and non-flow areas. Our data showed that: 1) IW cell-JCT cell/matrix connectivity was significantly decreased in the cells in high-flow areas compared to those in low- and non-flow areas; 2) GVs in the cells of high-flow areas had significantly fewer connections beneath them compared to GVs in the cells of low- and non-flow areas; 3) Type IV GVs (with I-pores and basal openings) had significantly fewer connections beneath them compared to Type I GVs (no I-pore or basal opening). Our results suggest that a decreased number of cellular connections between the IW and JCT in high-flow areas is associated with increased numbers of GVs with I-pores and larger Type IV GVs observed in previous studies. Therefore, modulating the number of cellular connections may affect the amount of high-flow area around the eye and thereby modulate AH outflow.
The Ror-Family Receptors in Development, Tissue Regeneration and Age-Related Disease
Authors: Endo Mitsuharu , Kamizaki Koki , Minami Yasuhiro
Published: April 2022

The Ror-family proteins, Ror1 and Ror2, act as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a and its related Wnt proteins to activate non-canonical Wnt signaling. Ror1 and/or Ror2-mediated signaling plays essential roles in regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation and differentiation during developmental morphogenesis, tissue-/organo-genesis and regeneration of adult tissues following injury. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed abundantly in developing tissues in an overlapping, yet distinct manner, and their expression in adult tissues is restricted to specific cell types such as tissue stem/progenitor cells. Expression levels of Ror1 and/or Ror2 in the adult tissues are increased following injury, thereby promoting regeneration or repair of these injured tissues. On the other hand, disruption of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling is implicated in senescence of tissue stem/progenitor cells that is related to the impaired regeneration capacity of aged tissues. In fact, Ror1 and Ror2 are implicated in age-related diseases, including tissue fibrosis, atherosclerosis (or arteriosclerosis), neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. In these diseases, enhanced and/or sustained (chronic) expression of Ror1 and/or Ror2 is observed, and they might contribute to the progression of these diseases through Wnt5a-dependent and -independent manners. In this article, we overview recent advances in our understanding of the roles of Ror1 and Ror2-mediated signaling in the development, tissue regeneration and age-related diseases, and discuss their potential to be therapeutic targets for chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers.
Advanced Strategies to Tailor the Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Srivastava Priya , Bag Monojit
Published: April 2022

Remarkable improvement in the perovskite solar cell efficiency from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.5% today has not been a cakewalk. The credit goes to various device fabrication and designing techniques employed by the researchers worldwide. Even after tremendous research in the field, phenomena such as ion migration, phase segregation, and spectral instability are not clearly understood to date. One of the widely used techniques for the mitigation of ion migration is to reduce the defect density by fabricating the high-quality perovskite thin films. Therefore, understanding and controlling the perovskite crystallization and growth have become inevitably crucial. Some of the latest methods attracting attention are controlling perovskite film morphology by modulating the coating substrate temperature, antisolvent treatment, and solvent engineering. Here, the latest techniques of morphology optimization are discussed, focusing on the process of nucleation and growth. It can be noted that during the process of nucleation, the supersaturation stage can be induced faster by modifying the chemical potential of the system. The tailoring of Gibbs free energy and, hence, the chemical potential using the highly utilized techniques is summarized in this minireview. The thermodynamics of the crystal growth, design, and orientation by changing several parameters is highlighted.
Recent Progress in Fluorescent Probes For Metal Ion Detection
Authors: Li Luanjing , Wang Jiahe , Xu Shihan , Li Chunxia , Dong Biao
Published: April 2022

All forms of life have absolute request for metal elements, because metal elements are instrumental in various fundamental processes. Fluorescent probes have been widely used due to their ease of operation, good selectivity, high spatial and temporal resolution, and high sensitivity. In this paper, the research progress of various metal ion (Fe3+,Fe2+,Cu2+,Zn2+,Hg2+,Pb2+,Cd2+) fluorescent probes in recent years has been reviewed, and the fluorescence probes prepared with different structures and materials in different environments are introduced. It is of great significance to improve the sensing performance on metal ions. This research has a wide prospect in the application fields of fluorescence sensing, quantitative analysis, biomedicine and so on. This paper discusses about the development and applications of metal fluorescent probes in future.
A Novel Virus-Like Agent Originated From Genome Rearrangement of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Enhances PCV2 Replication and Regulates Intracellular Redox Status In Vitro
Authors: Feng Huicheng , Fu Jinping , Zhang Bo , Xue Tao , Liu Chuanmin
Published: April 2022

Genome rearrangement occurs to porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) during in vitro and in vivo infections, and a number of rearranged PCV2 genomes have been isolated and characterized. This study was conducted to investigate the role of the rearranged PCV2 (rPCV2) in PCV2 replication and the biological effect of rPCV2 in host cells. Two whole rPCV2 genome sequences (358 nt and 1125 nt in length) were synthesized and recombinant plasmids pBSK(+)-rPCV2 (pBSK(+)-1125 and pBSK(+)-358) were constructed. A novel virus-like agent (rPCV2-1125) was rescued by in vitro transfection of porcine kidney cell line (PK-15) and porcine alveolar macrophage 3D4/21 cells. The data indicate that rPCV2-1125 significantly enhanced PCV2 replication in vitro. Furthermore, rPCV2-1125 led to oxidative stress in host cells, as indicated by decreased intracellular glutathione (GSH) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These results provide new insights into genome rearrangement of PCV2 and will contribute to future studies of PCV2 replication and associated mechanisms.
Characterization of Specific Signatures of the Oral Cavity, Sputum, and Ileum Microbiota in Patients With Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Xia Kai , Gao Renyuan , Wu Xiaocai , Sun Jing , Wan Jian , Wu Tianqi , Fichna Jakub , Yin Lu , Chen Chunqiu
Published: April 2022

Background

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with an increasing incidence worldwide. The etiology of CD is still obscure, but microbial dysbiosis has been recognized as an essential factor contributing to CD. However, few studies have revealed the microbiome’s signatures and reciprocal correlations between multiple sites in patients with CD over different disease stages. This study investigated the specific microbial architectures of the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum in patients with CD in the active and remission stages.

Methods

Microbial samples from the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum were collected from patients with CD in the active and remission stages and healthy controls. The microbial composition was assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. In addition, bioinformatics methods were used to demonstrate the microbial signatures, functional changes, and correlations between microbiota and clinical data in CD.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, a distinct microbiota dysbiosis in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum of patients with CD was identified, characterized by alterations in microbiota biodiversity and composition. The oral cavity and sputum microbiota showed significantly lower microbial diversity in patients with CD than in healthy controls. In terms of microbiota composition, the microbiota changes in the oral cavity of patients with CD were similar to those in the sputum, while they were different from those in the ileum. In the oral cavity and sputum of patients with CD, a lower relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was observed compared to healthy controls, which was most prominent in the active stage. In contrast, an increased relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Porphyromonas, and Haemophilus was observed in patients with CD. The predicted metabolic pathways involved in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum were similar, predominantly involving metabolism, environmental information processing, and genetic information processing.

Conclusion

The results revealed the alterations of microbiota architecture in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum of patients with CD, which varied across disease stages. Studying microbiota dysbiosis may bring new insights into the etiology of CD and lead to novel treatments.
Long-Term Risk of Death From Heart Disease Among Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Agha Aya , Wang Xi , Wang Ming , Lehrer Eric J. , Horn Samantha R. , Rosenberg Jennifer C. , Trifiletti Daniel M. , Diaz Roberto , Louie Alexander V. , Zaorsky Nicholas G.
Published: April 2022

Background

Most breast cancer patients die of non-cancer causes. The risk of death from heart disease, a leading cause of death, is unknown. The aim of this study is to characterize the long-term risk of fatal heart disease in breast cancer patients.

Methods

This retrospective study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Standard mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated for breast cancer patients diagnosed from 1992 to 2014. Patients were stratified by receipt of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, disease laterality, and diagnosis era. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to compare the risk of death from heart disease among other breast cancer patients.

Results

There were 1,059,048 patients diagnosed with breast cancer from 1992 to 2014, of which 47,872 (4.6%) died from heart disease. The SMR for death from heart disease at 10+ years for patients who received only radiotherapy was 2.92 (95% CI 2.81–3.04, p < 0.001) and in patients who received only chemotherapy was 5.05 (95% CI 4.57–5.55, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in SMR for death from heart disease for left-sided vs. right-sided disease. At 10+ years, heart disease made up 28% of deaths from non-primary cancer. HRs and ORs showed that the risk of death from heart disease was highest in patients older than 70 years of age and with longer follow-up.

Conclusion

The risk of fatal heart disease was highest in older breast cancer patients with longer follow-up (i.e., >5–10 years) and who received chemotherapy. These patients should be referred to cardio-oncology clinics to mitigate this risk.
Clinical Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment After Successful Revascularization of de novo Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Jun Eun Jung , Shin Eun-Seok , Teoh Eu-Vin , Bhak Youngjune , Yuan Song Lin , Chu Chong-Mow , Garg Scot , Liew Houng Bang
Published: April 2022

Background

The safety and efficacy of drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment for de novo coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of DCB only treatment for de novo CTO.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 101 vessels with de novo CTO lesions dilated by balloon angioplasty with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 3 were included. Among them, 93 vessels successfully treated with DCB only treatment were analyzed. The study endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 2 years, a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and target vessel thrombosis. The secondary endpoint was late lumen loss (LLL) on follow-up coronary angiography.

Results

All 84 patients were followed up clinically, and 67 vessels underwent scheduled coronary angiography after 6 months. There were no procedural complications, and three vessels required bailout-stenting. The median follow-up was 720 days (interquartile range [IQR]; 406–1,268 days). MACE occurred in 8.3% of the patients after 1 year, including cardiac death (1.2%), TVR (7.1%), and no non-fatal MI and target vessel thrombosis. Two years after treatment, MACE occurred in 16.7% of the patients, including cardiac death (2.4%), non-fatal MI (3.6%), TVR (13.1%), and no target vessel thrombosis. The mean LLL was 0.03 ± 0.53 mm. Binary restenosis occurred in 14.9% of the treated vessels, and 3.0% of the vessels had late re-occlusion on follow-up coronary angiography.

Conclusions

If the result of revascularization using balloon angioplasty is good, the clinical outcomes of DCB only treatment of de novo CTOs at the 2-year follow-up are encouraging, with a low rate of hard endpoints and acceptable MACE rates (Clinical Trial Registration Information; Impact of Drug-coated Balloon Treatment in de novo Coronary Lesion; NCT04619277).
Embracing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Scientific Community—Viewpoints of the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee of the North American Vascular Biology Organization
Authors: Garelnabi Mahdi , Cowdin Mitzy , Fang Yun , Shrestha Bandana , Ushio-Fukai Masuko , Aikawa Elena , Graham Garth , Molema Grietje , Yanagisawa Hiromi , Aikawa Masanori
Published: April 2022

Recent increased visibility on racial issues in the United States elicited public outcry and a collective call for action. The social justice movement has facilitated energetic discussions about race, sexual orientation, and various issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. This article discusses issues faced by people of color that we as scientists can address, as well as challenges faced by women and internationally trained scientists in the scientific community that need immediate attention. Moreover, we highlight various ways to resolve such issues at both institutional and individual levels. Silence and incremental solutions are no longer acceptable to achieving lasting social justice and ensure prosperous societies that work for all.
Tanshinone IIA Has a Potential Therapeutic Effect on Kawasaki Disease and Suppresses Megakaryocytes in Rabbits With Immune Vasculitis
Authors: Chen Hui , Shu Huiying , Su Weiqing , Li Bo , Zhang Hua , Li Liang , Lin Chao , Yi Wenfang , Zhan Xiao-Yong , Chen Chun , Li Xiaojing , Yang Yanqi , Zhou Min , Yang Mo
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective

It is urgent to find out an alternative therapy for Kawasaki disease (KD) since around 20% patients are resistant to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or aspirin. Tanshinone IIA is the active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), which has anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet properties; however, whether or not tanshinone IIA has a therapeutic effect on KD remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of tanshinone IIA on KD patients and rabbits with immune vasculitis, and to identify the potential mechanisms with special emphasis on megakaryopoiesis and megakaryocytic apoptosis.

Methods

Kawasaki disease patients were recruited and prescribed with tanshinone IIA in the absence or presence of aspirin and IVIG, and the inflammatory responses and platelet functions were determined. Megakaryocytes (MKs) isolated from rabbits with immune vasculitis and human megakaryocytic CHRF-288-11 cells were treated with tanshinone IIA to examine the colony forming unit (CFU) and apoptosis, respectively. Microarray assay was conducted to identify potential targets of tanshinone IIA-induced apoptosis.

Results

Tanshinone IIA reduced the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and P-selectin in KD patients; such inhibitory effect was more significant compared to aspirin and IVIG. It also dose-dependently lowered the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-8 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from KD patients. In rabbits with immune vasculitis, tanshinone IIA significantly reduced the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and platelet functions. In addition, tanshinone IIA significantly decreased the number of bone marrow MKs and inhibited the Colony Forming Unit-Megakaryocyte (CFU-MK) formation. In human megakaryocytic CHRF-288-11 cells, tanshinone IIA induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, probably through up-regulating TNF receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9) and the receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), which may contribute to its anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory properties.

Conclusion

Tanshinone IIA exerts better anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects in treating KD patients than aspirin and IVIG. It attenuates immune vasculitis likely by inhibiting IL-mediated megakaryopoiesis and inducing TNFRSF9/RIPK1/caspase-dependent megakaryocytic apoptosis. The findings therefore suggest that tanshinone IIA may be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of KD.
A Systematic Review of the Development and Implementation of Needs-Based Palliative Care Tools in Heart Failure and Chronic Respiratory Disease
Authors: Waller Amy , Hobden Breanne , Fakes Kristy , Clark Katherine
Published: April 2022

Background

The impetus to develop and implement tools for non-malignant patient groups is reflected in the increasing number of instruments being developed for heart failure and chronic respiratory diseases. Evidence syntheses of psychometric quality and clinical utility of these tools is required to inform research and clinical practice.

Aims

This systematic review examined palliative care needs tools for people diagnosed with advanced heart failure or chronic respiratory diseases, to determine their: (1) psychometric quality; and (2) acceptability, feasibility and clinical utility when implemented in clinical practice.

Methods

Systematic searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane and PsycINFO from database inception until June 2021 were undertaken. Additionally, the reference lists of included studies were searched for relevant articles. Psychometric properties of identified measures were evaluated against pre-determined and standard criteria.

Results

Eighteen tools met inclusion criteria: 11 were developed to assess unmet patient palliative care needs. Of those, 6 were generic, 4 were developed for heart failure and 1 was developed for interstitial lung disease. Seven tools identified those who may benefit from palliative care and include general and disease-specific indicators. The psychometric qualities of the tools varied. None met all of the accepted criteria for psychometric rigor in heart failure or respiratory disease populations. There is limited implementation of needs assessment tools in practice.

Conclusion

Several tools were identified, however further validation studies in heart failure and respiratory disease populations are required. Rigorous evaluation to determine the impact of adopting a systematic needs-based approach for heart failure and lung disease on the physical and psychosocial outcomes of patients and carers, as well as the economic costs and benefits to the healthcare system, is required.
Historic Earthquakes for the Xianshuihe Fault Derived From Lake Mugeco in the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau During the Past 300 Years
Authors: Liu Liyuan , Yang Jingxuan , Liu Xingqi , Mao Xin , Qin Rong
Published: April 2022

The lacustrine deposition with continuity and chronological reliability is one of the important archives to establish paleo-seismic sequences. In this study, sediment short cores were obtained from Lake Mugeco, located in the Selaha section of the Xianshuihe fault zone on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The chronology is established using 210Pb/137Cs and AMS14C dating results. Seismic events are identified based on sedimentary characteristics (color, density, and grain size), organic matter content, and high-resolution XRF element scanning data for the past 300 years. There are four whitish turbidites in the sediments of Lake Mugeco, which are characterized by a high content of clay fraction and detrital elements (K, Rb, Ca, Sr, Ti, and Si) and low organic matter content. These four turbidites were dated in 1944–1956 C.E., 1919–1932 C.E., 1673–1837 C.E., and 1507–1739 C.E., with dating errors, possibly corresponding to large historical earthquakes of 1955 (Ms 7.5), 1932 (Ms 6), 1786 (Ms 7 ¾), and 1725 (Ms 7) recorded in the Selaha section of the Xianshuihe fault zone. This study provides scientific evidence for further reconstructing longer-temporal seismic events in the Xianshuihe fault zone inferred from sediments of Lake Mugeco.