bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Treatment and Reuse of Water using Decentralized Systems
Authors: Govind Rakesh
Published: August 2022

As the scarcity of potable water increases, recycling of treated wastewater is increasing. Small-scale, decentralized treatment can be implemented to serve local populations by keeping water within their boundaries and within reach for reuse, particularly in less dense, non-urban communities. Availability of cellular networks and high-speed internet connectivity, along with significant reduction in cost, allows ongoing monitoring of decentralized treatment systems at a central location. In this paper a decentralized treatment system using micro nanobubble aeration, moving media and membranes is able to produce reusable water with low energy consumption, thereby allowing the use of solar energy in places with unreliable electrical supply. The treatment system, which uses no external chemicals, is able to operate unattended and deliver clear, disinfected water with non-detect suspended solids, BOD5 less than 10 mg/L and nutrients below 5 mg/L.
Rethinking Push-Pull Factors and Multiplier Effects of Egalitarian and Inclusive Creative Economy through The Lens and Vantage Point of A Recent “Citayam Pop-up and Makeshift Fashion Week” Phenomenon Related to the SE Asian Youth Street Subculture
Authors: Wibowo Andri
Published: August 2022

How the subculture and marginalized community have become the leading sectors in the egalitarian and inclusive creative economy is a growing issue and still needs elaboration. One of the subculture phenomena that happened recently in one of Southeast Asia's countries is known as Citayam Pop-up and Makeshift Fashion Week (CFW). Then this paper aims to elaborate on how the CFW can contribute and play a significant role in the development of an egalitarian and inclusive creative economy. The current CFW was not developed instantly, yet it is through the complexities of push and pull factors that are very typical among SE Asian marginalized people that led to the onset of SE Asian subculture, particularly among the youth. Driven by finding their self-identity, wanting to belong, and combined with economic, family, and peer pressures, this group of suburban youth, at the beginning, find a corner of a city in the middle of the business district as a medium to express their identity in the form of CFW. As a result and in lieu of growing discourses, the CFW has boosted local economic growth, and the adolescents who participated in the CFW have also received endorsement from a startup business for marketing certain teen products. In the long term, the mutual relationships created can lead to job opportunities
Urban Pressure: Facing Climate Change and Social Vulnerability
Authors: Errigo Maurizio Francesco
Published: August 2022

The paper will analyze the pressures and vulnerabilities of the consolidated city from two perspectives: technical and social. Some design and pragmatic experiences conducted by the author in his teaching and research experience first at the Department of Urbanism of TUDelft in the Netherlands and currently at the PDTA Department of La Sapienza University of Rome will be introduced and analyzed. In the first research activity, whose case study is Rotterdam, all urban vulnerabilities related to climate change will be analyzed while in the second one, conducted in Viterbo, the vulnerability related to the hull of social inclusion, poor accessibility and psycho-social stress that plague our established cities will be treated. The two areas of study, different in size and spatial governance tools, are comparable because they allow deciphering the city's risks through lines of intervention that could serve as best practices and serve the urban planning disciplinary update also allowing to define a reflection on morphology and fabrics and on the shape of the city itself. Both teaching and research activities in which the author is involved allow the topic of urban vulnerability to be addressed with a broad exploratory scope that, in the final stage, hypothesizes design intervention on the neighborhood scale, identified as the most appropriate to provide plausible climate and social adaptation and mitigation responses.
Stock Portfolio Optimization on JII Index using Multi-Objective Mean-Absolute Deviation-Entropy
Authors: Saepudin Deni , Guintana Dimas Rizqi
Published: August 2022

Stock portfolio optimization is allocating stock assets from investors to manage return and risk. Investors need a high return portfolio with a given level of risk, and portfolio optimization can help to find the feasible one. The data used for this problem are stocks listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). The portfolio optimization methods are applied Mean-Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Entropy. MAD is used because it can solve the portfolio optimization problem for the nonnormal distribution of data. Meanwhile, entropy is used because it can better diversify the weight of stocks in the MAD portfolio. Experiment results in this study show that MAD-Entropy and Equal Weight portfolio outperform the MAD portfolio in Sharpe Ratio and Performance Ratio. MAD only excels in one period, influenced by a stock that has a fantastic return in a certain period.
General Depression Detection Analysis Using IndoBERT Method
Authors: Hidayat Ilham Rizki , Maharani Warih
Published: August 2022

Many of the tweets we discover on Twitter are concerning feelings of depression which will be caused by varied things. The amount of tweets additionally continues to increase. To be able to decide however depressed a user is, analysing tweets from users can facilitate with that. The method of analysing the detection of depression can help to supply applicable treatment for users who are detected to own depression. During this paper, the users to be analysed are users who have more than 1000 tweets and are Indonesian tweets. Then, crawling / retrieval of user tweet data is carried out. After that, data pre-processing is done. Once that done, using the IndoBERT method to classify the data obtained. In the end, this paper provides the accuracy value of this detection analysis using the IndoBERT method with an accuracy value of 51% and F1-Score of 31%.
FUNGSI KEPEMIMPINAN KOLEKTIF KIAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN (Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Thoriqul Huda Ponorogo
Authors: Safebriyansyah Muhammad , Ahmad Munir
Published: August 2022

Kepemimpinan kolektif yang diterapkan di pondok pesantren adalah kepemimpinan secara bersama-sama oleh para (dewan Kiai sepuh) dari garis kekerabatan (dzurriyyah) dalam suatu organisasi di pondok pesantren. Kepemimpinan kolektif di Pondok Pesantren Thoriqul huda diturunkan kepada anak perempuan beserta anak manantu dengan latarbelakang yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan: (1) fungsi instruktif, (2) fungsi konsultatif, dan (3) fungsi partisipasi kepemimpinan kolektif kiai dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Pondok Pesantren Thoriqul Huda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitiatif dengan jenis studi kasus dan menghasilkan: (1) Fungsi instruktif kepemimpinan kolektif untuk memberikan motivasi, bimbingan dan arahan. (2) Fungsi konsultatif kepemimpinan untuk pengambilan keputusan yang dilakukan dengan secara bermusyawarah bersama (kolektif). (3) Fungsi partisipasi kepemimpinan kolektif untuk mengaktifkan orang-orang yang dipimpinnya agar dapat ikut serta dalam berbagai kegiatan.
PERENCANAAN PROGRAM KEAGAMAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU LULUSAN AGAMA
Authors: Fardiana Aslikah , Basuki
Published: August 2022

SDN 1 Karanglo Lor strives to make a superior and quality institution among other educational institutions. This can be seen from the religious program in every class level. Intended so that students when graduating already have a strong religious knowledge that can help in the face of the rigors of life. Therefore, it is hoped that this state school will be able to excel in accordance with the expectations of the demands and needs of the times.So this research aims to describe the quality standards of graduates in the field of religion, the program, and planning at SDN 1 Karanglo Lor. The research method used is qualitative with the type of case studies and data collection methods using interviews, observation, and documentation. This research resulted in the quality standard of graduates in the religious fields at SDN 1 Karanglo Lor, that is able to read the Koran, understand recitation, memorize juz 30, be able to preach, be able to pray orderly, be fasting, can be recluse, can adhan, can pray, can memorize hadith, can write Arabic and can speak Arabic. The quality standard is an additional value of 8 National Education Standards. The religious program at SDN 1 Karanglo Lor is: a) Tahfidz based on quran, b) Hadrah and vocals based on social skills, and c) Madrasah diniyah based on pesantren. Planning religious programs using a comprehensive model. The plan is as a guide to outlining plans more specifically towards broad objectives.
MANAJEMEN PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESANTREN TAHFIDZUL QUR’AN
Authors: Wasik Nur Mahmudah  , Mukhibat
Published: August 2022

Education financing management is very influential on competency development. With good financing management, the competency development of students in the institution will also be good. This study aims to explain how the management of Tahfidzul Qur'an education funding at the Hamalatul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School, Jogoroto Jombang. This type of research in qualitative research is a case study. Meanwhile, for data analysis in this study using the theory of Miles and Huberman: reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the data collection and analysis process, the researcher can conclude that the management of education financing at the Hamalatul Qur'an Jogoroto Islamic Boarding School, Jombang, is carried out using conventional methods. Funding is done using the cash waqf model and service waqf which is carried out through direct fundraising and indirect fundraising. In financial management (accommodation, investment, and personnel) caregivers have a very high accountability, so that they are able to generate a high sense of credibility to donors. The activities carried out were very efficient and effective, which was marked by the students being free of all costs, both direct and indirect costs, but the students were able to memorize 30 juz of Al-Qur'an within 6 months which was in accordance with the requirements of the hafidz quarantine program. It can be concluded that even though an educational institution carries out conventional education funding, it is not necessarily that the institution is unable to develop the existing competencies of students / students.
تطوير المواد التعليمية لمادة الإملاء للفصل الخامس
Authors: Puput Wahyu Nurmasanti  , Moh Munir
Published: August 2022

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh (PAS) Baitul Qur’an Gontor merupakan salah satu Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Ponorogo yang memiliki perhatian besar terhadap Bahasa Arab dan pengajarannya. Madrasah ini sangat mengupayakan peningkatan kemampuan bahasa, khususnya keterampilan menulis Arab santri dengan mengajarkan pelajaran Imla’. Namun demikian, madrasah ini masih menghadapi permasalahan yang cukup besar dalam hal pengajaran Imla’, antaranya: tidak terdapatnya tujuan pembelajaran pada setiap judul, kaidah dan contoh materi, standar kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar, peta konsep, materi yang ada belum tersusun dengan rapi, kurangnya variasi dalam latihan, dan bahan ajar yang sebelumnya belum disesuaikan dengan keadaan santri pada madrasah sekarang. Untuk itu, peneliti berusaha untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar Imla’ kelas lima di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh (PAS) Baitul Qur’an dengan berlandaskan hasil penelitian lapangan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Research and Development (R&D) yang mana hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah pengajaran Imla dengan menggunakan bahan ajar yang dikembangkan, hal ini berpengaruh terhadap efektifitas hasil belajar siswa kelas lima di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh (PAS) Baitul Qur’an. Dan dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti  menggunakan metode Interview, Kuisioner, Tes, Dokumentasi. Adapun untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan, peneliti menggununakan rumus t-test. Hasil terpenting dari penelitian inia dalah hasil penelitian disusun dalam bentuk buku ajar pegangan guru. Dan telah disertakan di dalamnya materi, kaidah beserta contoh, metode pengajarannya, peta konsep, standar kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar, serta Latihan-latihan yang bervariasi.
Modelling the Effects of Produced Water Discharge in an Aquatic Ecosystem: A Case Study of the Brass River
Authors: Maduagwu Daniel Nduweze , Agbadiba Isioma Frank
Published: August 2022

Produced Water (PW) constitutes a major waste from the production and processing of crude oil, consequently posing a major concern for the environment. Location of the production facility poses a greater risk to environment as this affects how the PW will be handled. Whilst many companies have come up with technologies and processes for the treatment and re-use of PW, treatment and disposal is still a common practice, particularly in the offshore environment.

This study demonstrates that the Streeter-Phelps model (S-P model) can be used to evaluate the effect of produced water discharged on water bodies. This was done by comparing the result of an Environmental Evaluation Studies (EES) performed on the Brass River with the S-P model result. Similar trends/results were obtained, implying that the S-P model can be applied for quick determination of the effect on a river. This is important and useful for quick determination of the effect of the PW discharge in real-time and economically.
Musaceae Extract PSJ as Green Inhibitors in a Gas Dominated System
Authors: Wachikwu-Elechi Virtue Urunwo , Ikiensikimama Sunday Sunday , Ajienka Joseph Atubokiki
Published: August 2022

The performance of 1-5wt% Musaceae extract (PSJ) and Mono-Ethylene Glycol (MEG) was screened on a 39.4-inch locally fabricated laboratory mini flow loop mounted on an external framework. Performance analysis using initial and final pressure, change in pressure (∆P) and inhibition efficiency showed that PSJ did better in all weight percentages except in 1wt%. The final pressures (Pi) for PSJ were 99, 127, 128, 128 and 120 psi while those of MEG were 105, 99, 120, 119 and 112. ∆P values for 1-5wt% of PSJ were 51, 23, 22, 22 and 30 psi while those of MEG were 45, 51, 30, 31 and 38 psi. Inhibition Capacity (IC) values for PSJ were 55.26%, 76.82%, 80.70% (3 and 4wt%) and 73.65% while those of MEG were 60.53%, 55.26%, 73.68%, 72.81% and 66.67%. The PSJ did better than MEG. It is locally sourced, commercially available and non-toxic to the environment, so it is recommended for field trial and developed as a gas hydrate inhibitor.
The resource availability hypothesis (RAH) and cross-cultural patterns: which one explains West African Cochlospermum species uses in Benin?
Authors: FAVI Gnimansou Abraham , DASSOU Gbèwonmèdéa Hospice , DJIDOHOKPIN Donald , OUACHINOU Jéronime , KPETIKOU Chabi Ghyslain , GBEDOLO Eutiche , ANAGONOU Alain , HIDALGO-TRIANA Noelia , ADOMOU Aristide Cossi
Published: August 2022

Background: Cochlospermum tinctorium and C. planchonii are two wide edible plants of sub-Saharan countries, e.g. of Benin, widely used as food, medicine, dye, handicraft, etc. Unfortunately, the uncontrolled harvest of their rootstocks exposes them to local extension risk. To enhance knowledge on the determinants of their uses in Benin, this study aimed to (i) assess the use forms, use values, abundance and perceived spatiotemporal dynamics, ii) determine how does local abundance or cultural patterns affect the use of Cochlospermum species, and iii) assess local harvesting modes and conservation management practices. Methods: 756 Dialog Partners through 27 ethnic groups were questioned countrywide using semi-structured interviews. Questions refer to local taxonomy, specific uses, organs sought, harvesting modes and local conservation strategies, afterward local abundance of each species was assessed. Ethnobotanical indicators were analyzed through citation frequencies to obtain quantitative data. Comparison tests and statistical analyses were performed using in R program.Results: C. tinctorium and C. planchonii are locally well-known, and involved into eighty-three specific uses, grouped into ten categories of which medicinal use was the main. The use values of C. planchonii (0.10 ±0.19) and C. tinctorium (0.23 ±0.20) varied significantly between the ethnic groups, and only C. tinctorium showed index of commercially value above 75% for some ethnic groups. The current abundance, about 84 and 97 tufts.ha-1 respectively for C. planchonii and C. tinctorium was perceived in decline by 81.09% (C. tinctorium) and 73.7% (C. planchonii) of informants. Moreover, the Spearman’s correlation and Kruskall-Wallis tests performed revealed that the use values of C. tinctorium and C. planchonii were significantly correlated on the one hand with their local abundance, and on the other hand with the investigated ethnic groups. About 42.3% of women produced the powder as principal activity, while more than 57% produced it mainly at the end of farm work. However, the conservation management were practiced by very few informants and consisted on partial harvesting of rootstocks (41.8%, only in southern Benin), and fallowing of harvesting areas (3.97%, only in northern Benin). Conclusion: Facing the declining abundance and increasing market demand for rootstock powder of Cochlospermum species, existing local conservation strategies should be promoted and the domestication process should be initiated for sustainable management of these important wild edible plants before these important resources disappear completely in the wild.
An almost complete disappearance of open-flux polar cap for strongly northward interplanetary magnetic field
Authors: Wang Xiang-Yu , Zhang Qing-He , Wang Chi , Zhang Yong-Liang , Tang Binbin , Xing Zan-Yang , Oksavik Kjellmar , Lyons Larry , Lockwood Michael , Zong Qiugang , Liu Jing , Ma Yu-Zhang , Wang Yong
Published: August 2022

The Earth’s magnetosphere is the region of space where plasma behavior is dominated by the geomagnetic field. It has a long tail typically extending hundreds of Earth radii (RE) with plentiful open magnetic fluxes threading the magnetopause associated with magnetic reconnection and momentum transfer from the solar wind. The open-flux is greatly reduced when the interplanetary magnetic field points northward, but the extent of the magnetotail remains unknown. Here we report direct observations of an almost complete disappearance of the open-flux polar cap characterized by merging poleward edges of a conjugate horse-collar aurora (HCA) in both hemispheres’ polar ionosphere. The conjugate HCA is generated by particle precipitation due to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the dawn and dusk cold dense plasma sheets (CDPS). These CDPS are consist of solar wind plasma captured by a continuous dual-lobe magnetic reconnections, which is further squeezed into the central magnetotail, resulting in a short “calabash-shaped” magnetotail.
Model tests and numerical simulations on hydraulic fracturing and failure mechanism of rock landslides
Authors: Yin Chao , Che Fa , Guo Bing , Wang Shaoping , Jia Zhirong
Published: August 2022

Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a physical phenomenon of the initiation, propagation and penetration of micro fractures in rocks under high water pressure until generate macro fractures, which is an important reason for inducing rock landslides. The influences of the angle between the transverse pressure stress and the initial fracture, the transverse pressure stress, the length and aperture of the initial fracture on the critical water pressure stress of HF were analyzed based on the model tests of cement mortar specimens. The HF numerical simulations were carried out and the fracture aperture, pore pressure, strain and stiffness degradation index were analyzed based on ABAQUS software, and the HF mechanism of rock was revealed. Taking a rock slope along Letuan-Qingshiguan section of G205 in China as an example, the landslide stability under high groundwater pressure was studied by numerical simulations, and the whole processes of the expansion, propagation, penetration and the rock slope failure were reproduced. The results showed that when HF occurred on the cement mortar specimens, a large amount of water seeped from the fracture and made a dull sound of failure, the water pressure on the fracture plane decreased rapidly, but not completely penetrated, and there was still a certain residual strength of the specimen. The water flow in the fracture has dual mechanical effects on the fracture wall. The HF of rock (including cement mortar specimen) is a quasi-brittle failure, including static stage, micro fracture propagation stage and macro fracture formation stage. There are 3 dangerous rocks in the rock slope, among which WYT3 is in a stable state under the natural condition and in unstable states under the rainstorm condition and seismic condition. The fracture propagation of WYT3 under the action of high groundwater pressure experienced slow development stage, rapid development stage and penetration stage, among which the slow development stage lasted the longest, and the slope failure occurred immediately after the fracture penetrated (i.e., rock landslide occurred).
Comparison of Methods for Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Quantification in Plasma and Urine from Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Küng Nicholas , Arcioni Séverine , Sandberg Fanny , Kuhn Christian , Banz Vanessa , Largiadèr Carlo R. , Sidler Daniel , Amstutz Ursula
Published: August 2022

Background
In allograft monitoring of solid organ transplant recipients, liquid biopsy has emerged as a novel approach using quantification of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in plasma. Despite early clinical implementation and analytical validation of techniques, direct comparisons of dd-cfDNA quantification methods are lacking. Furthermore, data on dd-cfDNA in urine is scarce and high-throughput sequencing-based methods so far have not leveraged unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) for absolute dd-cfDNA quantification.
Methods
Different dd-cfDNA quantification approaches were compared in urine and plasma of kidney and liver recipients: A) Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) using allele-specific detection of seven common HLA-DRB1 alleles and the Y chromosome; B) high-throughput sequencing (HTS) using a custom QIAseq DNA panel targeting 121 common polymorphisms; and C) a commercial dd-cfDNA quantification method (AlloSeq® cfDNA, CareDx). Dd-cfDNA was quantified as %dd-cfDNA, and for ddPCR and HTS using UMIs additionally as donor copies. In addition, relative and absolute dd-cfDNA levels in urine and plasma were compared in clinically stable recipients.
Results
The HTS method presented here showed a strong correlation of the %dd-cfDNA with ddPCR (R2 = 0.98) and AlloSeq® cfDNA (R2 = 0.99) displaying only minimal to no proportional bias. Absolute dd-cfDNA copies also correlated strongly (τ = 0.78) between HTS with UMI and ddPCR albeit with substantial proportional bias (slope: 0.25; 95%-CI: 0.19–0.26). Among 30 stable kidney transplant recipients, the median %dd-cfDNA in urine was 39.5% (interquartile range, IQR: 21.8–58.5%) with 36.6 copies/µmol urinary creatinine (IQR: 18.4–109) and 0.19% (IQR: 0.01–0.43%) with 5.0 copies/ml (IQR: 1.8–12.9) in plasma without any correlation between body fluids. The median %dd-cfDNA in plasma from eight stable liver recipients was 2.2% (IQR: 0.72–4.1%) with 120 copies/ml (IQR: 85.0-138) while the median dd-cfDNA copies/ml was below 0.1 in urine.
Conclusions
This first head-to-head comparison of methods for absolute and relative quantification of dd-cfDNA in urine and plasma supports a method-independent %dd-cfDNA cutoff and indicates the suitability of the presented HTS method for absolute dd-cfDNA quantification using UMIs. To evaluate the utility of dd-cfDNA in urine for allograft surveillance, absolute levels instead of relative amounts will most likely be required given the extensive variability of %dd-cfDNA in stable kidney recipients.
Endoscopic resection with one port placement: a newly developed technique for the safe management of advanced endoscopic resection for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Sawada Atsushi , HIRASAWA KINGO , Sato Chiko , Sato Sho , Sato Tsutomu , Sugimori Kazuya , Kunisaki Chikara , Maeda Shin
Published: August 2022

Backgrounds
: Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) without laparoscopic assistance—pure EFTR—is an emerging, less invasive treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the technique has seldom been applied outside of China due to concerns about pneumoperitoneum, maintenance of endoscopic view, and endoscopic suturing regarding its procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection with one port placement (EROPP) for gastric GISTs.
Methods
This retrospective study included 14 patients with gastric GISTs originating from the muscularis propria who underwent EROPP between 2019 and 2021. One camera port was inserted in the umbilicus before starting the endoscopic procedure to maintain intra-abdominal pressure, which was monitored and adjusted via this port. While allowing for conversion to laparoscopic surgery if needed, EFTR was performed as follows: (1) circumferential incision of the mucosal and submucosal layer around the lesion by typical endoscopic submucosal dissection; (2) an intentional perforation and subsequent seromuscular resection using dental floss and an endo-clip for traction; and (3) closure of the gastric full-thickness defect with an over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) after peroral retrieval of the specimen. We retrospectively assessed the short-term outcomes and safety.
Results
All procedures were completed successfully without conversion to laparoscopic surgery. The median size of resected tumors was 23 mm (range, 10–35 mm) and the median procedure time was 37 min (range, 22–95 min). The rates of en bloc and curative resection were 100% and 86%, respectively. In two cases, another port was added to aspirate leaking fluid or to check the condition of the endoscopic closure. All gastric defects were endoscopically closed, mainly using OTSCs. The recovery course for all patients was uneventful and no adverse events were reported
Conclusions
EROPP is a safe and minimally invasive treatment for gastric GISTs and seems to be suitable as a pure EFTR procedure.
Local Anesthesia vs. General Anesthesia for Percutaneous Microwave Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, an Efficacy, Safety, and Cost Analysis
Authors: Zhan Jing-Yin , Tang Zhen-Lei , Leng Hao-Qun
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To compare the efficacy, safety, and cost between local anesthesia and general anesthesia modality for percutaneous microwave ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who received combination therapy for curative treatment purposes.
Methods
This comparative, retrospective analysis analyzed 175 patients treated for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from July 2015 to September 2020. Patients were divided into two cohorts according to the anesthesia modality applied during the percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) procedure. To investigate the differences in efficacy between the two groups, overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed using a caliper width of 0.2 between two groups. Cost and safety between the two groups were also compared accordingly.
Results
There were 105 patients with 128 HCC lesions in the local anesthesia (LA) group while 70 patients with 107 lesions in the general anesthesia (GA) group. No significant differences in OS (P = 0.798) and LRFS (P = 0.406) between the two groups. 51 pairs of patients were matched with 78 lesions in the GA group and 68 lesions in the LA group after PSM. There were no significant differences in the OS (P = 0.522) and LRFS (P = 0.410) between the two groups as well. Compared to the LA group, there was more MWA procedure time spent, medical resources consumption, and financial stress undertaken in the GA group. However, no statistical differences were observed in post-ablation pain, adverse events, and complications between the two groups.
Conclusion
Due to the higher cost of general anesthesia, local anesthesia may be more adaptive during ablation procedure for HCC patients within Milan criteria.
WD3QNE: A value-based deep reinforcement learning model with human expertise in optimal treatment of sepsis
Authors: LI Ruichang , WU Xiaodan , HE Zhen , YU Tianzhi , CHENG Changqing
Published: August 2022

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has been increasingly attempted in assisting clinicians for real-time treatment of sepsis. While a value function quantifies the performance of policies in such decision-making processes, most value-based DRL algorithms cannot evaluate the target value function precisely and are not as safe as clinical experts. In this study, we propose a Weighted Dueling Double Deep Q-Network with embedded human Expertise (WD3QNE) that incorporates a target Q value function with adaptive dynamic weight for enhanced policy improvement and human expertise in decision-making for sepsis treatment. In addition, the random forest algorithm is employed for feature selection to improve model interpretability. We test our algorithm against state-of-the-art value function methods in terms of expected return, survival rate and action distribution. The results demonstrate that WD3QNE obtains the highest survival rate of 97.81%. Our proposed method is capable of providing reliable treatment decisions with embedded clinician expertise.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, early childhood development, and parental practices: a global scoping review
Authors: Penna Ana Luiza , de Aquino Camila Machado , Pinheiro Maria Suelly Nogueira , Nascimento Rodrigo Leão Ferreira do , Farias-Antúnez Simone , Araújo Davi Augusto Batista Sá , Mita Carol , Machado Marcia M. T. , Castro Marcia C.
Published: August 2022

Background: In March 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), generating stark economic and social repercussions that directly or indirectly affected families’ wellbeing and health status. Aims: This review aims at mapping the existing evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, early childhood development, and parental practices, worldwide, to identify evidence gaps and better inform future delivery of care and health policy measures. Methods: Following the protocol defined by PRISMA-ScR, this systematic review has searched for relevant studies published between January 2020 and June 2021, selecting evidence sources based on pre-established criteria. From a total of 2,308 articles, data were extracted from 537 publications from 35 countries on all three health domains. Results: The combined stressors brought forth by the pandemic have exerted a heavy burden on the mental health of mothers and the development of young children, partly mediated by its impact on parental practices. Conclusions: Despite remaining gaps, we have identified sufficient evidence pointing to an urgent need for more concerted global research efforts and rapid policy responses to timely address severe and pervasive negative impacts to the mental health of mothers and children at a key developmental stage.
TG-GNN: Transformer based Geometric enhancement graph neural network for molecular property prediction
Authors: Zhang Taohong , Guo Xuxu , Chen Hen , Fan Suli , Li Qianqian , Chen Saian , Guo Xueqiang , Zheng Han
Published: August 2022

Molecular properties play a crucial role in material discovery, protein interaction and drug development. The appearance of Graph Neural Network(GNN) significantly improved the performance of molecular property prediction. However, nodes in GNN only update the features of neighbor nodes, resulting in insufficient ability to encode global feature information. The self attention mechanism in transformer encodes the global information of molecules, while its spatial information is insufficient. Since molecules are three-dimensional spatial structures, spatial geometry information is an important attribute of molecules. Therefore, a transformer based geometric enhanced graph neural network (TG-GNN) is proposed to combine global and local molecule information with three-dimensional spatial structures to predict molecular properties. In this network, Graph neural network Geometric Feature Fusion Module (GGFF) and Transformer Geometric Feature Enhancement Module (TGF) are proposed to enhance the spatial geometry learning ability of the network. The GGFF module constructs a parallel graph neural network using bond and bond angle. The introduction of bond angle effectively complements the spatial information of the network. The TGF module introduces the coordinates and centrality degree features into the transformer to enhance the geometric expression ability of the module. GGFF module and TGF module encode local information and global information of molecules at the same time on the QM9 and OMDB dataset.
PHD-finger family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): evolutionary conservatism, functional diversification, and active expression in abiotic stress
Authors: Pang Fei , Niu Junqi , Liu Zhaoliang , Wang Zhen
Published: August 2022

Plant homeodomain (PHD) transcription factors (TFs) are a class of proteins with conserved Cys4-His-Cys3 domains that play important roles in plant growth and development, and in response to abiotic stresses. Although characterization of PHDs have been performed in plants, little is known about their function in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), especially under stress conditions. In the present study, 244 TaPHDs were identified in wheat using comparative genomics. We renamed them TaPHD1-244 based on their chromosomal distribution, and almost all PHD proteins were predicted to be located in the nucleus. According to the unrooted neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, gene structure, and motif analyses, PHD genes were divided into four clades. A total of 149 TaPHD genes were assigned to arise from duplication events. Furthermore, 230 gene pairs came from wheat itself, and 119, 186, 168, 7, 2, and 6 gene pairs came from six other species (Hordeum vulgareto, Zea mays, Oryza sativa, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, and Gossypium raimondii, respectively). A total of 548 interacting protein branches were identified to be involved in the protein interaction network. Tissue-specific expression pattern analysis showed that TaPHDs were highly expressed in the stigma and ovary during flowering, suggesting that the TaPHD gene plays an active role in the reproductive growth of wheat. In addition, the qRT-PCR results further confirmed that these TaPHD genes are involved in the abiotic stress response of wheat. In conclusion, our study provides a theoretical basis for deciphering the molecular functions of TaPHDs, particularly in response to abiotic stress.
How can we strengthen partnership and coordination for health system emergency preparedness and response? Findings from a synthesis of experience across countries facing shocks
Authors: Gooding Kate , Bertone Maria Paola , Loffreda Giulia , Witter Sophie
Published: August 2022

BackgroundDiscussions of health system resilience and emergency management often highlight the importance of coordination and partnership across government and with other stakeholders. However, both coordination and partnership have been identified as areas requiring further research. This paper identifies characteristics and enablers of effective coordination for emergency preparedness and response, drawing on experience from different countries with a range of shocks, including floods, drought, and COVID-19.MethodsThe paper synthesises evidence from a set of reports related to research, evaluation and technical assistance projects, bringing together evidence from 11 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Methods for the original reports included primary data collection through interviews, focus groups and workshop discussions, analysis of secondary data, and document review. Reports were synthesised using a coding framework, and quality of evidence was considered for reliability of the findings. ResultsThe reports highlighted the role played by coordination and partnership in preparedness and response, and identified four key areas that characterise and enable effective coordination. First, coordination needs to be inclusive, bringing together different government sectors and levels, and stakeholders such as development agencies, universities, the private sector, local leaders and civil society, with equitable gender representation. Second, structural aspects of coordination bodies are important, including availability of coordination structures and regular meeting fora; clear roles, mandates and sufficient authority; the value of building on existing coordination mechanisms; and ongoing functioning of coordination bodies, before and after crises. Third, organisations responsible for coordination require sufficient capacity, including staff, funding, communication infrastructure and other resources, and learning from previous emergencies. Fourth, effective coordination is supported by high-level political leadership and incentives for collaboration. Country experience also highlighted interactions between these components, and with the wider health system and governance architecture, pointing to the need to consider coordination as part of a complex adaptive system.Conclusion COVID-19 and other shocks have highlighted the importance of effective coordination and partnership across government and with other stakeholders. Using county experience, the paper identifies a set of recommendations to strengthen coordination for health system resilience and emergency management.
Abulia major and hypoactive delirium in COVID-19 reversed with methylprednisolone pulse therapy
Authors: Zanella Luiz Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Barros D’Elia , Zanella Luiz Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Barros D’Elia
Published: August 2022

Background: Sars-CoV-2 is a member of the genus Betacoronavirus like the two other coronaviruses viz. SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus). SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations in acute and chronic COVID-19 (long COVID-19 syndrome), resulting in social consequences and worsening people's quality of life. Case description: This article is a scenario of two cases of neurological manifestations resulting from infection by SARS-CoV-2 that were reversed with methylprednisolone in a pulse therapy regimen. The first case presents a young patient with symptoms similar to those existing in patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, whose final and presumable diagnosis was Abulia major. The second case exemplifies an elderly person admitted to the hospital due to hypoactive delirium triggered by a urinary tract infection hypothesis. The final diagnosis was hypoactive delirium secondary to COVID-19, with urinary manifestations from SARS-CoV-2 kidney injury. Discussion/Conclusion: The purpose of this article is to warn about phenomena related to COVID-19, whose treatment can be performed with high doses of corticosteroids and with drugs that act positively on dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Patient exams and more information are available in the Appendix of this article.
Neuronal deletion of CaV1.2 is associated with sex-specific behavioral phenotypes in mice
Authors: Klomp Annette J. , Plumb Ashley , Mehr Jacqueline B. , Madencioglu Deniz A. , Wen Hsiang , Williams Aislinn J.
Published: August 2022

The gene CACNA1C, which encodes the L-type calcium channel CaV1.2, is associated with increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, major depression, and bipolar disorder. Previous rodent work identified that loss or reduction of CaV1.2 results in cognitive, affective, and motor deficits. However, it is unclear if the phenotypes described in these studies result from loss of CaV1.2 from neurons or other central nervous system cell types. Additionally, most of these studies did not evaluate for sex-specific effects or used only male animals. Here, we sought to clarify whether there are sex-specific behavioral consequences of neuron-specific deletion of CaV1.2 (neuronal CaV1.2 cKO). We found that neuronal CaV1.2 cKO mice have normal baseline locomotor function but female cKO mice display impaired motor performance learning. Male neuronal CaV1.2 cKO display impaired startle response with intact pre-pulse inhibition. Male neuronal CaV1.2 cKO mice did not display normal social preference, whereas female neuronal CaV1.2 cKO mice did. In agreement with previous work, neuronal CaV1.2 cKO mice displayed impaired associative learning in both sexes, as well as normal anxiety-like behavior and hedonic capacity. We conclude that deletion of neuronal CaV1.2 alters motor performance, acoustic startle reflex, and social behaviors in a sex-specific manner, while associative learning deficits generalize across sexes. Our data provide evidence for both sex-specific and sex-independent phenotypes related to neuronal expression of CaV1.2.
World's human migration patterns in 2000-2019 unveiled by high-resolution data
Authors: Niva Venla , Horton Alexander , Heino Matias , Kosonen Maria , Kallio Marko , Kinnunen Pekka , Muttarak Raya , Taka Maija , Varis Olli , Virkki Vili , Kummu Matti
Published: August 2022

Despite being a top concern on global agenda, global-scale, high resolution quantification of net-migration and its major drivers, is still missing for recent decades. We created a global dataset of annual net-migration between 2000–2019 (~ 10km grid), based on reported and here-downscaled sub-national birth and death ratios. We show that globally, internal migration has increased rapidly, dominating over international migration. Around 50% of world’s urban population lived in urban areas where migration accelerated urban population growth, while a third of global population lived in provinces where rural areas experienced positive net-migration. Finally, we show that socio-economic factors play a more important role than climatic ones to explain the migration patterns globally. By capturing migration patterns not only between but also within countries, socio-economic and geophysical zonings, our study highlights the importance of sub-national analysis of migration – a necessity for policy design, international cooperation and shared responsibility for managing internal and international migration.
FinTech and CO2 Emission: Evidence from (Top 7) Mobile Money Economies in Africa
Authors: Coffie Cephas Paa Kwasi , Ahiabenu Kwame , Yeboah Frederick Kwame , Darkwah Joseph Asante
Published: August 2022

Financial technology has evolved from a mediation role into an established sub-market within the financial ecosystem, gaining a superior advantage over the traditional financial system. Therefore, to ascertain if this advantage extends to protecting our environment, this study estimates the relationship between financial technology and carbon emission from the top seven (7) mobile money economies in sub-Saharan Africa. A balanced panel dataset from 2009 to 2020 is employed and estimated with the FMOLS estimator after checking for cross-sectional dependence, unit-root, stationarity, and cointegration. Results from the estimation suggest a negatively significant relationship between financial technology and carbon emission in these countries. However, domestic credit to the private sector revealed a statistically insignificant relationship with carbon emission for the same period. Further, foreign direct investment reduces carbon emissions. However, gross domestic product and trade openness increases carbon emission in these countries. Therefore, it is recommended that financial technology developers in the sub-region should consider green financial products and services to ensure cleaner production and a better environment.
The effects of cigarette price incentive and regulatory policies among adults in different sociodemographic groups in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Che-Ning , Lin Yi-Fan
Published: August 2022

IntroductionOur study evaluated the effects of cigarette price increases and non-price–related tobacco control policies on adult smoking behavior in Taiwan, using data from the Adult Smoking Behavior Survey from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration from 2004 to 2015, with 166,325 valid respondents.MethodsWe established logistic regression models for each of the three dependent variables, “smoking,” “quit attempts,” and “cessation maintenance,” to characterize smoking behavior. Socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors were also included in the models. Analytical models used random effects for the time variable, and the region of residence was used as a dummy variable.ResultsOur results showed that non-price tobacco control policies had no significant effects on smoking behavior. Conversely, cigarette price increases were highly associated with changes in smoking behavior. A 1% increase in the price of cigarettes reduced the odds ratio of smoking (ORs) by −1.361% ± 0.114%, increased the OR of quit attempts (ORq) by 0.982% ± 0.129%, and increased the OR of maintaining smoking cessation (ORm) by 5.027% ± 1.758%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI). We also found that: (1) men were generally more sensitive to changes in cigarette prices than women (2) middle-aged adults were not sensitive to changes in cigarette prices; (3) and for those aged >65 years, cigarette price increases prompted quit attempts.ConclusionsThis study showed that antismoking pricing measures made significant effect on smoking behavior. Price-insensitive groups were also identified, such as employed, married, and middle-aged women. Specific selective antismoking measures should be implemented for these groups.
A New Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP- HPLC) Method for Determination of Kinetin Riboside (plant hormone) in Dequalinium Chloride Based Self-Assembled Vesicles: Development, Validation, and Force Degradation Study
Authors: Agnihotri Tejas Girish , Badgujar Devendra , Sharma Nitish , Jain Aakanchha
Published: August 2022

The analytical procedure remains the fundamental part of formulation development in terms of quantification of the drug in the formulation. The purpose of the current study was to develop accurate, sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the quantitation of kinetin riboside (KR) in KR-loaded dequalinium based vesicles, also known as DQAsomes. The chromatographic analysis was performed on C18 column with detection wavelength of 269 nm for KR and 310 nm for dequalinium chloride (DQA). The mobile phase consisted of 0.05 M potassium phosphate buffer and methanol in gradient system. The method was further validated according to the guidelines set by ICH. The developed chromatographic method was found to be linear from 10 µg/mL to 250 µg/mL with r2 value of 0.9995. All other validation parameters including accuracy, precision, robustness, etc. were well within the acceptable limits. The current research also encompasses force degradation studies to understand the impact of different stressing conditions on the stability of drugs in the formulation. KR-loaded DQAsomes were formulated by modified film hydration method and characterized for particle size (215.32±3.54nm), size distribution (0.12±0.004) and zeta potential (39.4±3.04mV). The developed and validated method was further applied to evaluate KR entrapment and loading from KR-loaded DQAsomes along with in vitro cumulative KR release from the formulation. This research would further act as a foundation for the quantification of the drug in other dequalinium-containing formulations.