bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS SEKTOR UNGGULAN KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU SEBAGAI KAWASAN STRATEGIS PROVINSI
Authors: Rahmaliza  , Prananing Tyas Wido
Published: March 2023

Penetapan sektor unggulan pada Kota Lubuklinggau dilakukan untuk mengetahui sektor-sektor yang mendukung penetapan kawasan perkotaan Lubuklinggau sebagai kawasan strategis provinsi dari sudut kepentingan ekonomi. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan cara analisis sektor basis dengan metode Location Quotient (LQ) dan penentuan sektor unggulan dengan analisis Shift Share. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari 17 sektor PDRB terdapat 11 sektor basis di Kota Lubuklinggau yang didominasi oleh sektor jasa, namun berdasarkan analisis Shift Share ada tujuh sektor yang merupakan sektor unggulan yaitu jasa lainnya, jasa kesehatan,  real estat, penyediaan akomodasi dan makan minum, jasa perusahaan, perdagangan besar dan eceran serta transportasi dan pergudangan; tiga sektor potensial yaitu sektor pengadaan air; pengelolaan sampah, limbah dan daur ulang, kontruksi dan jasa pendidikan; empat sektor berkembang yaitu sektor pertambangan dan penggalian, industri dan pengadaan listrik dan gas, serta dua sektor tertinggal yaitu sektor pertanian, kehutanan, perikanan dan administrasi pemerintahan, pertanahan dan jaminan sosial. Sejalan dengan penetapan sebagai kawasan strategis provinsi hasil analisis dapat menjadi rekomendasi fokus pembangunan agar tepat sasaran dan meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi daerah. Dalam rangka optimalisasi tersebut penyerapan tenaga kerja dan penambahan jumlah penduduk juga perlu diperhatikan sebagai dasar dalam optimalisasi kinerja sektor ekonomi pada masa mendatang sehingga meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Kata kunci : Location quotient, shift share, Kota Lubuklinggau, kawasan strategis provinsi
Phylogeny of Strains of Tomato Leaf Curl Virus from Agroclimatic Zones of Gujarat
Authors: Golden T Patel
Published: March 2023

With an increasing rate of global warming and unstable climatic conditions concerns with regards to epidemiology of plant viruses are on the rise. Studies suggest accelerating climatic changes shall severely affect the management of pest and diseases in cultivated crops. Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV) is an economically affecting viral infections of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). The disease causes severe yield loss and major economic impairment. The current study was therefore taken up to understand the influence of agro climatic zones on diversity of TLCV in Tomato plants. Samples of TLCV infected Tomato plants exhibiting varying symptoms were collected from seven different agro climatic zones of Gujarat followed by isolation of viral particles, molecular characterization and development of phylogenetic tree. Interestingly the molecular analysis of the isolated viral samples indicated little influence of climatic conditions on the types of TLCV infecting the tomato plants.
Осцилляции Шубникова-де Гааза в двумерном электронном газе с анизотропной подвижностью
Authors: Номоконов Д.В. , Бакаров А.К. , Быков А.А.
Published: March 2023

Abstract Shubnikov de Haas oscillations in selectively doped GaAs single quantum wells with AlAs/GaAs superlattice barriers has been studied at temperature T = 4.2 K in magnetic fields B < 1 Т. High-mobility heterostructures with thin spacer had been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on (001) GaAs substrates. The mobilities of two-dimensional electron gas measured in two crystallographic directions [110] and [-110] differ from each other more than 50%. Properly adapted expression for Shubnikov de Haas oscillations amplitudes in anisotropic samples has been used for correct analysis of this oscillations. It was stated that quantum life-time in our heterostructures as measured by Shubnikov de Haas oscillations on Hall bars oriented in the directions [110] and [-110] varies less than 5%. Obtained results show that quantum life-time in two-dimensional electron system with anisotropic mobility is isotropic with aforementioned accuracy.
Состояния кремниевых нано-кластеров, содержащих примеси углерода
Authors: Ташметов М.Ю. , Махкамов Ш.М. , Умарова Ф.Т. , Нормуродов А.Б. , Сулайманов Н.Т. , Хугаев А.В. , Холмедов Х.М.
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The structural and electronic states of defective complexes in the Si29 cluster with the participation of carbon and hydrogen atoms were determined by the method of non-conventional strong binding (MNSB) in combination with the method of molecular dynamics. It is shown that carbon atoms in silicon clusters form a bridge bond with two silicon atoms and localized in a hexagonal position at the center of the cell, forming a defect of the Si29:Ci type. The introduction of hydrogen into a silicon cluster results in the formation of a defective Ci-H-Si complex and a decrease of binding energy of the Si29:Ci defect. Based on the calculations, it was found that presence of leads to carbon gives shallow levels in the band gap of nano-silicon, and the defective carbon-hydrogen complex in a hydrogenated cluster, depending on the charge state of the defective complex. Moreover this exhibits both deep and shallow levels.
Monitoring the Well-being of Older People by Energy Usage Patterns: Systematic Review of the Literature and Evidence Synthesis (Preprint)
Authors: Korenhof Sophie A , Fang Yuan , Luo Jie , van der Cammen Tischa J M , Raat Hein , van Grieken Amy
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Due to the aging population, there is a need for monitoring well-being and safety while living independently. A low-intrusive monitoring system is based on a person’s use of energy or water.

OBJECTIVE

The study's objective was to provide a systematic overview of studies that monitor the health and well-being of older people using energy (eg, electricity and gas) and water usage data and study the outcomes on health and well-being.

METHODS

CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched systematically from inception until November 8, 2021. The inclusion criteria were that the study had to be published in English, have full-text availability, target independent-living people aged 60 years and older from the general population, have an observational design, and assess the outcomes of a monitoring system based on energy (ie, electricity, gas, or water) usage on well-being and safety. The quality of the studies was assessed by the QualSyst systematic review tool.

RESULTS

The search strategy identified 2920 articles. The majority of studies focused on the technical algorithms underlying energy usage data and related sensors. One study was included in this review. This study reported that the smart energy meter data monitoring system was considered unobtrusive and was well accepted by the older people and professionals involved. Energy usage in a household acted as a unique signature and therefore provided useful insight into well-being and safety. This study lacked statistical power due to the small number of participants and the low number of observed events. In addition, the quality of the study was rated as low.

CONCLUSIONS

This review identified only 1 study that evaluated the impact of an energy usage monitoring system on the well-being and safety of older people. The absence of reliable evidence impedes any definitive guidance or recommendations for practice. Because this emerging field has not yet been studied thoroughly, many questions remain open for further research. Future studies should focus on the further development of a monitoring system and the evaluation of the implementation and outcomes of these systems.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022245713; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=245713
Real-Time Prediction of Sepsis in Critical Trauma Patients: Machine Learning–Based Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Jiang , Xi Fengchan , Yu Wenkui , Sun Chuanrui , Wang Xiling
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Sepsis is a leading cause of death in patients with trauma, and the risk of mortality increases significantly for each hour of delay in treatment. A hypermetabolic baseline and explosive inflammatory immune response mask clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis in trauma patients, making early diagnosis of sepsis more challenging. Machine learning–based predictive modeling has shown great promise in evaluating and predicting sepsis risk in the general intensive care unit (ICU) setting, but there has been no sepsis prediction model specifically developed for trauma patients so far.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a machine learning model to predict the risk of sepsis at an hourly scale among ICU-admitted trauma patients.

METHODS

We extracted data from adult trauma patients admitted to the ICU at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center between 2008 and 2019. A total of 42 raw variables were collected, including demographics, vital signs, arterial blood gas, and laboratory tests. We further derived a total of 485 features, including measurement pattern features, scoring features, and time-series variables, from the raw variables by feature engineering. The data set was randomly split into 70% for model development with stratified 5-fold cross-validation, 15% for calibration, and 15% for testing. An Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was developed to predict the hourly risk of sepsis at prediction windows of 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours. We evaluated model performance for discrimination and calibration both at time-step and outcome levels. Clinical applicability of the model was evaluated with varying levels of precision, and the potential clinical net benefit was assessed with decision curve analysis (DCA). A Shapley additive explanation algorithm was applied to show the effect of features on the prediction model. In addition, we trained an L2-regularized logistic regression model to compare its performance with XGBoost.

RESULTS

We included 4603 trauma patients in the study, 1196 (26%) of whom developed sepsis. The XGBoost model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) ranging from 0.83 to 0.88 at the 4-to-24-hour prediction window in the test set. With a ratio of 9 false alerts for every true alert, it predicted 73% (386/529) of sepsis-positive timesteps and 91% (163/179) of sepsis events in the subsequent 6 hours. The DCA showed our model had a positive net benefit in the threshold probability range of 0 to 0.6. In comparison, the logistic regression model achieved lower performance, with AUROC ranging from 0.76 to 0.84 at the 4-to-24-hour prediction window.

CONCLUSIONS

The machine learning–based model had good discrimination and calibration performance for sepsis prediction in critical trauma patients. Using the model in clinical practice might help to identify patients at risk of sepsis in a time window that enables personalized intervention and early treatment.
Digital Health Data Quality Issues: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Syed Rehan , Eden Rebekah , Makasi Tendai , Chukwudi Ignatius , Mamudu Azumah , Kamalpour Mostafa , Kapugama Geeganage Dakshi , Sadeghianasl Sareh , Leemans Sander J J , Goel Kanika , Andrews Robert , Wynn Moe Thandar , ter Hofstede Arthur , Myers Trina
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The promise of digital health is principally dependent on the ability to electronically capture data that can be analyzed to improve decision-making. However, the ability to effectively harness data has proven elusive, largely because of the quality of the data captured. Despite the importance of data quality (DQ), an agreed-upon DQ taxonomy evades literature. When consolidated frameworks are developed, the dimensions are often fragmented, without consideration of the interrelationships among the dimensions or their resultant impact.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop a consolidated digital health DQ dimension and outcome (DQ-DO) framework to provide insights into 3 research questions: What are the dimensions of digital health DQ? How are the dimensions of digital health DQ related? and What are the impacts of digital health DQ?

METHODS

Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a developmental systematic literature review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature focusing on digital health DQ in predominately hospital settings. A total of 227 relevant articles were retrieved and inductively analyzed to identify digital health DQ dimensions and outcomes. The inductive analysis was performed through open coding, constant comparison, and card sorting with subject matter experts to identify digital health DQ dimensions and digital health DQ outcomes. Subsequently, a computer-assisted analysis was performed and verified by DQ experts to identify the interrelationships among the DQ dimensions and relationships between DQ dimensions and outcomes. The analysis resulted in the development of the DQ-DO framework.

RESULTS

The digital health DQ-DO framework consists of 6 dimensions of DQ, namely accessibility, accuracy, completeness, consistency, contextual validity, and currency; interrelationships among the dimensions of digital health DQ, with consistency being the most influential dimension impacting all other digital health DQ dimensions; 5 digital health DQ outcomes, namely clinical, clinician, research-related, business process, and organizational outcomes; and relationships between the digital health DQ dimensions and DQ outcomes, with the consistency and accessibility dimensions impacting all DQ outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

The DQ-DO framework developed in this study demonstrates the complexity of digital health DQ and the necessity for reducing digital health DQ issues. The framework further provides health care executives with holistic insights into DQ issues and resultant outcomes, which can help them prioritize which DQ-related problems to tackle first.
Artificial Intelligence for the Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Jan Zainab , El Assadi Farah , Abd-alrazaq Alaa , Jithesh Puthen Veettil
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic cancer is the 12th most common cancer worldwide, with an overall survival rate of 4.9%. Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is essential for timely treatment and survival. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides advanced models and algorithms for better diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore AI models used for the prediction and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancers as reported in the literature.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted and reported in line with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, BioRXiv, and MedRxiv were explored to identify relevant articles. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by 2 reviewers. Data extracted from the included studies were synthesized narratively.

RESULTS

Of the 1185 publications, 30 studies were included in the scoping review. The included articles reported the use of AI for 6 different purposes. Of these included articles, AI techniques were mostly used for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (14/30, 47%). Radiological images (14/30, 47%) were the most frequently used data in the included articles. Most of the included articles used data sets with a size of <1000 samples (11/30, 37%). Deep learning models were the most prominent branch of AI used for pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the studies, and the convolutional neural network was the most used algorithm (18/30, 60%). Six validation approaches were used in the included studies, of which the most frequently used approaches were k-fold cross-validation (10/30, 33%) and external validation (10/30, 33%). A higher level of accuracy (99%) was found in studies that used support vector machine, decision trees, and k-means clustering algorithms.

CONCLUSIONS

This review presents an overview of studies based on AI models and algorithms used to predict and diagnose pancreatic cancer patients. AI is expected to play a vital role in advancing pancreatic cancer prediction and diagnosis. Further research is required to provide data that support clinical decisions in health care.
Digital Dietary Behaviors in Individuals With Depression: Real-World Behavioral Observation (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Yue , Zhang Ran , Yin Shuluo , Sun Yihui , Womer Fay , Liu Rongxun , Zeng Sheng , Zhang Xizhe , Wang Fei
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Depression is often accompanied by changes in behavior, including dietary behaviors. The relationship between dietary behaviors and depression has been widely studied, yet previous research has relied on self-reported data which is subject to recall bias. Electronic device–based behavioral monitoring offers the potential for objective, real-time data collection of a large amount of continuous, long-term behavior data in naturalistic settings.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to characterize digital dietary behaviors in depression, and to determine whether these behaviors could be used to detect depression.

METHODS

A total of 3310 students (2222 healthy controls [HCs], 916 with mild depression, and 172 with moderate-severe depression) were recruited for the study of their dietary behaviors via electronic records over a 1-month period, and depression severity was assessed in the middle of the month. The differences in dietary behaviors across the HCs, mild depression, and moderate-severe depression were determined by ANCOVA (analyses of covariance) with age, gender, BMI, and educational level as covariates. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between dietary behaviors and depression severity. Support vector machine analysis was used to determine whether changes in dietary behaviors could detect mild and moderate-severe depression.

RESULTS

The study found that individuals with moderate-severe depression had more irregular eating patterns, more fluctuated feeding times, spent more money on dinner, less diverse food choices, as well as eating breakfast less frequently, and preferred to eat only lunch and dinner, compared with HCs. Moderate-severe depression was found to be negatively associated with the daily 3 regular meals pattern (breakfast-lunch-dinner pattern; OR 0.467, 95% CI 0.239-0.912), and mild depression was positively associated with daily lunch and dinner pattern (OR 1.460, 95% CI 1.016-2.100). These changes in digital dietary behaviors were able to detect mild and moderate-severe depression (accuracy=0.53, precision=0.60), with better accuracy for detecting moderate-severe depression (accuracy=0.67, precision=0.64).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to develop a profile of changes in digital dietary behaviors in individuals with depression using real-world behavioral monitoring. The results suggest that digital markers may be a promising approach for detecting depression.

CLINICALTRIAL
Learnings From Implementation of Technology-Enabled Mental Health Interventions in India: Implementation Report (Preprint)
Authors: Kallakuri Sudha , Gara Sridevi , Godi Mahesh , Yatirajula Sandhya Kanaka , Paslawar Srilatha , Daniel Mercian , Peiris David , Maulik Pallab Kumar
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the use of technology-enabled interventions for delivering mental health care in different settings. Technological solutions have been advocated to increase access to care, especially in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries, to facilitate task-sharing given the lack of trained mental health professionals.

OBJECTIVE

This report describes the experiences and challenges faced during the development and implementation of technology-enabled interventions for mental health among adults and adolescents in rural and urban settings of India.

METHODS

A detailed overview of the technological frameworks used in various studies, including the Systematic Medical Appraisal and Referral Treatment (SMART) Mental Health pilot study, SMART Mental Health cluster randomized controlled trial, and Adolescents’ Resilience and Treatment Needs for Mental Health in Indian Slums (ARTEMIS) study, is provided. This includes the mobile apps that were used to collect data and the use of the database to store the data that were collected. Based on the experiences faced, the technological enhancements and adaptations made at the mobile app and database levels are described in detail.

RESULTS

Development of descriptive analytics at the database level; enabling offline and online data storage modalities; customizing the Open Medical Record System platform to suit the study requirements; modifying the encryption settings, thereby making the system more secure; and merging different apps for simultaneous data collection were some of the enhancements made across different projects.

CONCLUSIONS

Technology-enabled interventions prove to be a useful solution to cater to large populations in low-resource settings. The development of mobile apps is subject to the context and the area where they would be implemented. This paper outlines the need for careful testing using an iterative process that may support future research using similar technology.

CLINICALTRIAL

SMART Mental Health trial: Clinical Trial Registry India CTRI/2018/08/015355; https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=MjMyNTQ=&Enc=&userName=CTRI/2018/08/015355. ARTEMIS trial: Clinical Trial Registry India CTRI/2022/02/040307; https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=NDcxMTE=&Enc=&userName=CTRI/2022/02/040307
So Many Choices, How Do I Choose? Considerations for Selecting Digital Health Interventions to Support Immunization Confidence and Demand (Preprint)
Authors: Chaney Sarah Cunard , Mechael Patricia
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Childhood vaccines are a safe, effective, and essential component of any comprehensive public health system. Successful and complete child immunization requires sensitivity and responsiveness to community needs and concerns while reducing barriers to access and providing respectful quality services. Community demand for immunization is influenced by multiple complex factors, involving attitudes, trust, and the dynamic relationship between caregivers and health workers. Digital health interventions have the potential to help reduce barriers and enhance opportunities for immunization access, uptake, and demand in low- and middle-income countries. But with limited evidence and many interventions to choose from, how do decision makers identify promising and appropriate tools? Early evidence and experiences with digital health interventions for immunization demand are presented in this viewpoint to help stakeholders make decisions, guide investment, coordinate efforts, as well as design and implement digital health interventions to support vaccine confidence and demand.
The Indirect Impact of Educational Attainment as a Distal Resource for Older Adults on Loneliness, Social Isolation, Psychological Resilience, and Technology Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Balki Eric , Hayes Niall , Holland Carol
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, government-mandated social distancing prevented the spread of the disease but potentially exacerbated social isolation and loneliness for older people, especially those already vulnerable to isolation. Older adults may have been able to draw from their personal resources such as psychological resilience (PR) and technology use (TU) to combat such effects. Educational attainment (EA) or early-life EA may potentially shape later-life personal resources and their impact on the effects of the pandemic lockdown on outcomes such as loneliness. The developmental adaptation model allows for the supposition that social isolation, TU, and PR may be affected by early EA in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the indirect impact of EA on pandemic-linked loneliness in a sample of older adults. The developmental adaptation model was used as the conceptual framework to view EA as a distal influence on loneliness, social isolation, PR, and TU. We hypothesized that EA would predict TU and PR and have a moderating impact on social isolation and loneliness. We also hypothesized that PR and TU would mediate the effect of EA on loneliness.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional observational study, in which data were gathered from 92 older adults aged ≥65 years in the United Kingdom from March 2020 to June 2021, when the country was under various pandemic-linked social mobility restrictions. The data captured demographic information including age, gender, ethnicity, and the highest degree of education achieved. The University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Lubben Social Network Index, and Technology Experience Questionnaire were used as standardized measures. Pearson correlation, moderation, and mediation regression analyses were conducted to investigate the hypotheses.

RESULTS

We found a higher prevalence of loneliness in older adults than in prepandemic norms. EA was correlated with greater TU and PR and moderated the impact of social isolation on loneliness. PR mediated and TU partially mediated the relationship between EA and loneliness.

CONCLUSIONS

Early-life EA was confirmed as a distal resource for older adults and played an indirect role in affecting loneliness levels during the pandemic. It has an impact on present-day personal resources, such as PR and TU, which affect loneliness and also moderate the impact of social isolation on loneliness. Policymakers should be aware that older adults with low levels of EA may be more vulnerable to the harmful impacts of loneliness when isolated by choice.
The Evaluation of the Combination of Additives and Fungal Dyes to Produce Color for Textile Painting
Authors: Nugroho Agung Adi , Suciatmih Suciatmih
Published: March 2023

Fungal dyes are an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dye. This study aims to evaluate additives to dye, using mixed fungi, to paint the picture on cloth. In the present study, the cloth was painted with mixed Aspergillus and Paecilomyces dye. The mixed fungi were grown on a mineral salt glucose medium. Five tests were conducted to evaluate additives to dye from mixed fungi that could be used to paint pictures on cloths to evaluate the effect of additives, a combination of additives producing tidy colors and other additives, the dye pH, mordant, and a variety of different mordants and the dye pH on color tidiness and hue. The additives used were alkali, acid, salts, glycerine, and urea.  The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart was used to measure the color of filtrate and range developed on the painted color on the cloth. The results showed that the mixture of vinegar or lemon as additives and the dye pH of 3 produced tidy colors. The mordant application had a more significant effect on the color that appears than pH treatment. Colors formed on images can add variations to textile painting.
Assessing Indigenous Soil Ureolytic Bacteria as Potential Agents for Soil Stabilization
Authors: Aliyu Abdulaziz Dardau , Mustafa Muskhazli , Aziz Nor Azwady Abd , Kong Yap Chee , Hadi Najaatu Shehu
Published: March 2023

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation by ureolysis is a biomineralization process that has been adapted by various microorganisms in different natural environments. This widespread natural phenomenon can be employed in numerous civil engineering and soil stabilization applications. In the present study, the potential of indigenous soil urease-producing bacteria as potential agents for soil stabilization methods was investigated. Assessment of the eight active urease-producing bacterial species isolated from the farm soil samples has demonstrated that all the isolates were Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria with promising characteristics such as the formation of endospore which is essential for bacterial survival in harsh conditions within the soil environment. The pH profile and growth profile of the isolates were studied and urease activity was measured by the phenol hypochlorite assay method. Two isolates designated isolate O6w and isolate O3a were selected based on the highest urease activity recorded at 665 U/mL and 620 U/mL, respectively, and they were able to increase and sustain alkaline culture condition (pH 8.71 ± 0.01 and 8.55 ± 0.01) which was suitable for CaCO3 precipitation. The isolates were identified based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to be Bacillus cereus (O6w) and Bacillus paramycoides (O3a). This current study suggested that indigenous soil ureolytic bacteria are potential raw material for the biotreatment of soils stability.
The Association of Background Medications on Initial eGFR Change and Kidney Outcomes in Diabetic Patients Receiving SGLT2 Inhibitor
Authors: Chan Yi-Hsin , Chao Tze-Fan , Chen Shao-Wei , Kao Yi-Wei , Huang Chien-Ying , Chu Pao-Hsien
Published: March 2023

Background

To determine whether background medications modify the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on the eGFR and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

We used medical data from a multicenter health care facility in Taiwan and included 10,071 patients who received SGLT2i treatment from June 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. Direct comparisons for use versus no use of specific background drugs were conducted after adjusting for baseline characteristics through propensity score matching. Patients were followed up until the occurrence of composite kidney outcomes (two-fold increase in the serum creatinine level or the development of end-stage kidney disease), mortality, or the end of the study period.

Results

Patients exhibited an initial mean (SEM) decline of −2.72 (0.10) ml/min per 1.73 m2 in eGFR dip from baseline to a mean treatment duration of 8.1±3.1 weeks after SGLT2i initiation. The eGFR trajectory stabilized 24 weeks after SGLT2i treatment with a mean (SEM) slope of −1.36 (0.25) ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year. Compared with no drug use, the use of background renin-angiotensin inhibitor (n=2073), thiazide diuretics (n=1764), loop diuretics (n=708), fenofibrate (n=1043), xanthine oxidase inhibitor (n=264), and insulin (n=1656) was associated with a larger initial decrease in eGFR, while background metformin treatment (n=827) was associated with a smaller initial decrease in eGFR after SGLT2i treatment. The only drugs associated with the long-term composite kidney outcome during SGLT2i treatment were renin-angiotensin inhibitor (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40 to 0.95) and loop diuretics (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.19 to 2.96).

Conclusions

Several background medications were associated with the initial eGFR dip after SGLT2i initiation. Most drugs were not associated with long-term composite kidney outcomes among patients treated with SGLT2i, except for renin-angiotensin system inhibitor associated with favorable outcomes and loop diuretics associated with worse composite kidney outcomes.
Kidney Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Trisal Shehjar R. , Low Gary , Pathan Faraz , Gangadharan Komala Muralikrishna
Published: March 2023

Background

The blockade of immune regulatory sites, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized survival outcomes in patients with cancer. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with a range of immune-related adverse events. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to evaluate severe adverse kidney events in patients with oncological or hematological malignancy receiving monotherapy, dual therapy, or combined therapy treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors when compared with either placebo or standard chemotherapy.

Methods

Phase 3 randomized control trials reporting severe grade (3–5) adverse kidney events were identified across five electronic databases from inception to May 2022. This was supplemented with hand searching of medical journals and the National Clinical Trials registry. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed for AKI, hypertension, CKD, and the composite of all acute kidney adverse events. The results are reported as per the PRISMA guidelines.

Results

Ninety-five randomized control trials reported severe grade adverse kidney events. The risk of developing severe AKI is higher among patients who received PD-1 plus chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.4 to 2.5) and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.8; 95% CrI, 1.2 to 2.7) compared with standard chemotherapy and placebo (94 studies, 63,357 participants). The risk of developing the composite of all severe acute kidney adverse events is higher among patients who received PD-1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.6; 95% CrI, 1.1 to 2.3) and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.7; 95% CrI, 1.1 to 2.8) when compared with standard chemotherapy and placebo (95 studies, 63,973 participants).

Conclusions

The combined regimen of PD-1 plus chemotherapy and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy was associated with higher incidence of severe AKI and the composite of all severe acute kidney adverse events.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_07_10_CJN0000000000000160.mp3
ESCOLA INCLUSIVA, DIVERSIDADE E GESTÃO ESCOLAR: O que dizem gestores de escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Azevedo Crislane Barbosa
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho buscou analisar percepções de gestores de escolas públicas sobre a relação entre educação, diversidade e escola inclusiva. A pesquisa pautou-se em uma perspectiva teórica qualitativa nos moldes definidos por Ludke e André (2015). A atenção aos métodos de construção e procedimentos de análise de dados tomou como base, além de pesquisa bibliográfica, a realização de entrevistas analisadas à luz da perspectiva da análise de conteúdo nos moldes definidos por Bardin (2011). A análise das percepções dos sujeitos levou em consideração o que, sobretudo Chartier (1990) considera como representações. O entendimento sobre a instituição escola pauta-se nas proposições de Charlot (1979, 2009, 2013, 2018). Diversidade, aqui, não se limita à esfera cultural e não se confunde com as diferenças, portanto, considera as origens, as permanências e as implicações das desigualdades. Se por um lado, identificou-se cuidado com o politicamente correto no uso das palavras; por outro lado, equívocos conceituais foram correntes nas narrativas dos gestores escolares quanto à diversidade e à escola inclusiva. Constatou-se a ausência de conhecimentos e experiências formativas continuadas sobre o assunto.
Quais os meios de prova no crime insider trading nos Estados Unidos da América?
Authors: Gomes Ives Nahama , Dionísio de Andrade Mariana
Published: March 2023

Este estudo objetiva responder: quais os meios de prova usados em casos criminais de insider trading nos Estados Unidos da América (EUA)?;  Há a possibilidade desses meios de prova serem aplicados nas ações penais brasileiras sobre o tema?. Estabelece-se o conceito do uso de informações privilegiadas em sua faceta criminal pela exposição das controvérsias na temática e de como esta é tratada na literatura nacional e internacional, por constituir um estudo comparado. Depois, aborda-se a Metodologia de Análise de Decisões como forma de investigação empírica, para que se discuta a atividade probatória nos crimes de insider trading. Discute-se como os EUA enfrentam o assunto, especialmente, quanto ao papel das provas, para trazer elementos para o aplicador da lei brasileira. A abordagem é qualitativa e quantitativa, com revisão de literatura e Metodologias de Análise de Conteúdo e Análise de Decisões. A unidade de análise são casos criminais estadunidenses, em 2019. Concluem-se como meios de prova usados nestes: quebra de sigilo telefônico; confissão; testemunhos; prova emprestada; comunicação com sindicatos; análise estatística; artigos de jornais e conclusões do Comitê de Auditoria da própria empresa. São provas, plenamente, possíveis de levantamento e construção pelo Judiciário criminal brasileiro, então, apresentam-se propostas de melhoria.
A extensão da participação da vítima no Acordo de Não Persecução Penal
Authors: Massetto Trevisan Beatriz
Published: March 2023

Entre as diversas alterações processuais penais efetivadas pela Lei 13.964/2019 está a introdução do Acordo de Não Persecução Penal, inserido no artigo 28-A do Código de Processo Penal. Este foi previsto como um instrumento para garantir a maior eficiência da justiça penal brasileira, visando ao desafogamento das varas criminais e ministérios públicos para permitir uma maior atenção à investigação e resolução de casos envolvendo criminalidade organizada e crimes graves. Embora a lei o descreva como um acordo entre o investigado e o órgão de acusação, a previsão de reparação do dano à vítima abre espaço para a discussão sobre a participação do ofendido nas negociações. O presente trabalho objetiva investigar de lege lata, por meio de metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, se tal participação é possível e, em caso positivo, qual seria sua extensão. Para isso, serão analisados tanto os aspectos que podem ser extraídos da leitura do artigo, quanto aqueles relacionados à própria razão de ser do direito processual penal, perpassando também a tendência moderna de revalorização do papel do ofendido nesse âmbito.
Injustiça epistêmica agencial no processo penal e o problema das confissões extrajudiciais retratadas
Authors: Navarro Ribeiro Dantas Marcelo , De Lucena Motta Thiago
Published: March 2023

A injustiça epistêmica agencial no processo penal ocorre quando se imputa excessiva credibilidade a declarações prestadas pelo locutor em momentos de reduzida capacidade de autodeterminação. Especificamente no contexto da retratação de confissões extrajudiciais, questiona-se quais critérios jurídicos de valoração probatória racional seriam capazes de prevenir a ocorrência de injustiças agenciais. A metodologia empregada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica em injustiça epistêmica, confiabilidade probatória da confissão e precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Analisando estudos empíricos sobre falsas confissões e as práticas forenses brasileiras, constata-se um risco relevante de ocorrência dessa forma de injustiça, tendo em vista que confissões extrajudiciais são largamente utilizadas para fundamentar sentenças condenatórias. O artigo conclui com duas propostas: (I) desconsiderar, para fins de valoração da prova, confissões extrajudiciais não confirmadas em juízo; e (II) adotar como um dos critérios de valoração da confissão o grau de efetiva agência epistêmica do acusado ao confessar, atribuindo-se menor credibilidade às confissões obtidas em situações de agência reduzida.
Jueces e injusticias epistémicas
Authors: De Brasi Leandro
Published: March 2023

Las injusticias epistémicas causan un mal a alguien en su condición de sujeto epistémico; es decir, como sujeto que participa en la producción, mantención y transmisión de bienes epistémicos. Asumiendo que una de las metas, pero no ciertamente la única, del sistema judicial es promover decisiones que sean razonablemente plausibles, las injusticias epistémicas interfieren con dicha meta. Un objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un par de recomendaciones institucionales que contribuyen a disminuir las injusticias epistémicas que los jueces pudieran cometer. Estas recomendaciones se basan en data empírica proveniente de las ciencias sociales. Otro objetivo es argumentar, en parte en base a esas intervenciones, que ni el enfoque individualista ni el estructuralista, que ubican el problema y los cambios necesarios para remediarlo en la mente del individuo o las estructuras de nuestro entorno (respectivamente), son adecuadamente concebidos. En particular, el artículo responde a la pregunta: ¿qué tipo de intervenciones, dada la data empírica disponible, es más probable que sea eficiente?, mostrando que esas intervenciones son híbridas, combinando lo individual y lo estructural, dada la interdependencia de lo individual y lo estructural, y ofreciendo dos ejemplos ilustrativos de distintas estrategias de este tipo de intervenciones.
Injustiças Testemunhais Institucionalizadas
Authors: Fricker Miranda
Published: March 2023

Embora as injustiças testemunhais tenham sido pensadas originalmente por Miranda Fricker apenas como redução de credibilidade, neste texto a autora assume a redefinição proposta por Jennifer Lackey para incluir, dentro das injustiças testemunhais, também a hipótese de excesso de credibilidade causada por uma injustiça agencial, isto é, quando a injustiça é cometida por se atribuir excesso de credibilidade a declarações precisamente quando a agência epistêmica do sujeito (as condições de agir como um sujeito de conhecimento) foi obstruída. A partir de sua preocupação com as instituições, Fricker tanto examina o contexto da justiça criminal que propicia as falsas confissões como propõe reflexões sobre as mudanças que são necessárias para a implementação de mais justiça epistêmica no interior dos sistemas de justiça criminal.
Evaluation Supplier Involve on Food Safety and Halal Criteria using Fuzzy AHP: A Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Danang Setiya , Widodo Dian Setiya
Published: March 2023

Selecting or evaluating reliable suppliers is essential to business, and the food industry is no exception. Business operations are at serious risk if suppliers are not properly selected. One of the risks that occur is the risk of food safety and halal. Not many studies have explored this topic, even though this issue is crucial for the Muslim community. This research aims to Evaluate Supplier Involve in Food Safety and Halal Criteria using Fuzzy AHP. It can help food manufacturers decide based on food safety and halal criteria during the supplier selection. The case study is applied to a food industry in Indonesia that produces biscuits. Eight criteria and 17 sub-criteria based on economic, social, and environmental dimensions were used to evaluate suppliers. The results show that the Halal certification system (HP) and product compliance with specifications (Q2) are the most important factors to consider. Third and fourth places are product price criteria (C1) and food safety management system certifications (FS2). Weighted evaluations of food industry suppliers are also possible with Fuzzy AHP.
National Self-determination: Features of the Evolution and Functioning of the Phenomenon
Authors: Sanakoev Inal B. , Kulumbegova Lena T. , Ivleva Marina L.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the phenomenon of national self-determination in terms of evolution and functioning. The authors aim to determine the general characteristics and evolution of this phenomenon in both conceptual and applied versions. In the evolution’s context of national self-determination as a theoretical concept and a political and legal principle, several stages were identified and considered. According to the authors, each stage of the phenomenon’s evolution was inevitably accompanied by its qualitative transformations, both in political and legal terms. The first stage (from the end of the XVIII c. till the First World War), according to the authors, is characterized by the emergence of the idea and the formation of the socio-political concept of national self-determination, and the applied aspect of the phenomenon of national self-determination is filled with concrete content based on the ever-expanding political practice of its application. The second stage (from the First World War and the post-war reconstruction) is characterized by the transformation of self-determination from a concept into a political principle. The authors associate the third stage of the evolution of the phenomenon of national self-determination (the period after the Second World War) with the development of international relations and the formation of a global bipolar system. National self-determination turned into a principle of positive international law and laid the foundations for the future political instability of the newly independent states. Finally, the last period (the early 90s to this day) is characterized by the search and crystallization of new approaches to the principle of national self-determination and the emergence of new theories, the authors of which are trying from a political and legal point of view to substantiate the legitimacy of an expansive interpretation of this principle. The analysis allowed us to conclude that the qualitative transformations of the principle of national self-determination presented in the article did not lead to the formation of the phenomenon of national self-determination as an integral, complete, and universally recognized international political and legal norm.
Vasily Sesemann’s Review of “Being and Time” of Martin Heidegger: analytical commentary
Authors: Patkul Andrei B.
Published: March 2023

In my paper, I give an analytical commentary on Vasily Sesemann’s review of Martin Heidegger's treatise Being and Time (1927) published in the journal entitled The Way in 1928. The aim of this commentary is to evaluate the adequacy of Sesemann’s perception of Heidegger’s thought and the acceptability of his review for today’s reception of the Heideggerian ontological project. In my text, I state that Sesemann accurately fixes the transcendent essence of Heidegger’s ontological investigation, its basic theme and the main stages of its explication. In this regard, the Sesemann’s evaluation of the project of fundamental ontology in Heidegger is much closer to the very idea of this project in comparison to the evaluations of it given by both Edmund Husserl and Nicolai Hartmann. Sesemann also offered several successful or - at least - original translations of Heideggerian terms into Russian. Since he understands the incompleteness of the project, the results of which were presented in the initial divisions of Being and Time, Sesemann remains very far from being able to provide a final judgement about it. And yet, he points out the key achievements of Heidegger: the special significance of the differentiation of the ways of being of Dasein and the inner-worldly entities, emphasis of care-structure, which allows to grasp Dasein in its integrity and systemic essence of Heidegger’s work. I also acknowledge that although the interpretation proposed by Sesemann contains some weaknesses, f.i., the interpretation of Dasein as being-awareness and the neo-Kantian understanding of the systematic essence of the ontology of Heidegger, the review written by Vasily Sesemann is highly keen and may be valid for reception of Heideggerian philosophy up to nowadays.
The role of female farmers in improving family welfare in South Bali Sadhar Village Banjit District Way Kanan Regency, Lampung
Authors: Rangga Kordiyana K , Syarif Yuniar Aviati , Ibnu Muhammad , Widiastri Ni Luh Kadek
Published: March 2023

This study aims at contructingthe role of female farmers in improving family welfare. The research was carried out in March 2022-April 2022 in South Bali Sadhar Village, Banjit District, Way Kanan Regency. Lampung. Indonesia.  The informants in this study were female farmers and male farmers who worked in the lowland rice sector with a total of 12 people, consisted of 6 women and 6 men. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with case studies method. Data analysis used in this study is reduce data, data colection, data presentation and conclusions drawing.  The results of this study indicate that the role of female farmers in the village of South Bali Sadharin improving family welfare is divided into three parts are reproductive role, productive role and social role. The reproductive role as housewives, the productive role as lowland rice farmers and as farm laborers. These activities include preparation of production facilities, seeding, planting, maintenance, harvesting and post-harvest. The social role is as a member of the community in both general and religious activities. The involvement of women in these three types of roles can help improve family welfare, for example women helping their husbands earn a living as lowland rice farmers so that family needs can be gradually met