bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antenatal Anemia: Predictor of Poor Maternal and Perinatal Outcome
Authors: Pario Saba , Pasha Ghazala Nasim , Sadiq Sadia Suboohi , Salahuddin Zahra , Malik Hafsa Abdul , Siddiqui Shahnaz Hassan
Published: June 2022

Objective: To assess the impact of antenatal anemia on maternal and perinatal outcome. Design of the study: Prospective Cohort study Place of Study: was conducted at antenatal clinic of Creek General Hospital, United Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: One hundred and thirty-five singleton anemic pregnant women who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Enrolled patients were analyzed in detail, sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics recorded and followed till delivery after their informed consent. Haemoglobin estimation was done at first visit & anaemia was graded according to WHO criteria and statistical analysis were done. Results: The study population included 135 antenatal anemic women. Mean ± SD of maternal age was 25.8±5.12 years. Mild anemia was found in 31.1%, moderate in 59.2% and 9.6% women were diagnosed with severe anemia. Anemia was diagnosed in 1.5% of antenatal women in 1st trimester, 54.8% in 2nd trimester and 43.7% in 3rd trimester. Majority of patients were booked (87.4%), out of them 25.9% were diagnosed with mild anemia, 55.6% with moderate and 5.9% were severely anemic, while 12.59% were non-booked of those 5.2% were diagnosed with mild, 3.7 % with moderate and severe anemia each (p-value=0.003%). Maternal complications in antenatal and postnatal period included Preterm labour (13.33%), Pregnancy induced hypertension/ Pre-eclampsia (8.88%), Gestational diabetes mellitus (7.40%), oligohydramnios (11.85%) , antepartum hemorrhage (5.92%) and Postpartum hemorrhage (5.18%). 50.37% of pregnant women delivered vaginally while in 49.62 % abdominal delivery was conducted (Emergency-37 %, Elective -12.6%). Regarding Neonatal outcomes, Low Birth weight was found in 80% of cases which was highly significant, 20.7% were delivered by mildly anemic, 52.6% by moderately and 6.7% by severely anemic mothers (p value- 0.009). NICU admission within the first week of birth was needed in 47.40%, Still Birth (0.74%), Low APGAR scores (20.74%) and unfortunately two Neonatal Deaths occurred as well (1.48%). Conclusion: Antenatal anemia is still a prevalent public health issue in developing countries. Provided that anemia is a straightforward predictor of poor maternal and fetal outcome, intensive prophylactic strategies to be implemented for timely diagnosis and management. The authorities should play their active role in refining policies to remediate the principal risk factors, provision of basic health care, reinforce proper antenatal care, maintain regular availability of iron and supplements for correction of anemia and other nutritional deficiencies. Keywords: Anemia, Maternal and fetal outcome, Obstetric
Neurological Manifestations of H. Pylori Infection
Authors: Malik Muhammad Khan , Ahmed Khalil , Azeem Muhammad , Ranjha Nasar Iqbal
Published: June 2022

Background: Helicobacter pylori are a gram negative bacterium that spreads infection in nearly half of a population. It lives in gastric conditions and causes various gastric disorders. Besides, h.pylori infection affects other organs of the body and causes many disorders including ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disorder, migraine headache and multiple sclerosis. Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on H.pylori patients through convenient sampling. Patients were admitted to hospital with clinical symptoms of disease and with neurological manifestations. Their co morbid factors were also identified along with laboratory investigations Result: Among the 276 hospitalized patients 138 were males and 138 were females with age of 60-80.Seventy-two with diabetes mellitus, 45 had ischemic heart disease, 57 had hypertension. Multiple neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disorder, Alzheimer’s, ischemic stroke, multiple sclerosis, migraine are present in patients of h.pylori infection. Conclusion: H. pylori infection has been associated with the development and progression of neurological conditions, basically by inducing systemic inflammation, molecular belittlement , and interference with the absorption of drugs. Eradication of h.pylori infection lessens the threat of many neurological conditions. Keywords: h.pylori, gastrointestinal disorders, neurological manifestation, Alzheimer’s , Parkinson’s disorder, ischemic stroke, headache, sclerosis
Comparing Fever Management by Mothers of Children Aged 1–5 and 6–10 Years
Authors: Korkut Burcu , Kalem Pinar , Musellim Elif , Inci Habibe , Doğan Erkan , Adahan Didem
Published: June 2022

Background/Aim: This study aimed to compare the fever management by mothers of children aged 1-5 and 6-10 years admitted with fever. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between November 2021 and March 2022 at Karabük University Department of Pediatrics and Karabük City Family Health Centers. To work, 710 mothers with febrile children between 1-5 and 6-10 participated. Due to 58 invalid questionnaires, 652 mothers formed the study population. All mothers were included in the study without sample selection. A questionnaire consisting of 3 parts and 33 questions was applied to the participants face-to-face. Questions; It consisted of the first sociodemographic part such as age, gender, mother's education level, the second part measuring the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of mothers about fever symptoms, and the third part consisting of the Turkish Version of the Parental Fever Management Scale (PFMS-TR). Results: Mothers of 332 children between the ages of 1-and 5 and 324 children between the ages of 6-and 10 participated in the study. The rate of girls between the ages of 1-and 5 was 57.8% (n=192), and the rate of girls between the ages of 6-and 10 was 49.4% (n=160). There was no significant difference between the two participant groups regarding PFMS-TR (p=0.198). In those who applied to the hospital with the complaint of fever (p=0.004), who received training from health professionals about what to do in case of fever in their child (p=0.001), understanding that their child has a fever from body temperature or skin contact (p=0.001), applying to a health institution in the presence of fever (p=0.001), determining body temperature requiring antipyretic (p<0.001) and administering antipyretic drugs according to doctor's prescription (p<0.001) a statistically significant difference was found between the mothers of two groups of children with fever. Conclusion: It was determined that there was no difference between the mothers' fever-related anxiety and phobia levels in both groups. This situation, regardless of the age group in which the fever symptom occurs, can be explained by the parents' anxiety. So, it is essential to carry out education programs to inform mothers about fever management accurately and adequately to reduce the level of anxiety they experience. Keywords: Anxiety, Body Temperature, Child, Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice, Parents, Phobia.
Assessment of Hygiene Status of Medical and Surgical Units Among Hospitals of Nowshera Swat & Peshawar Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Authors: Waheed Mehwish Saba , Ullah Naeem , Qazi Nadia , Ijaz Bushra , Khan Zahid , Darwesh Nizam Muhammad , Ishtiaq Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Hygiene practices helps a lot in the prevention of infection among the admitted patients and an important component of infection prevention and patient safety. The aim of this study was to assess the hygiene status of medical and surgical units of selected hospitals in District Nowshera, Swat and Peshawar Districts, Pakistan. Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in hospitals of Nowshera, Swat and Peshawar Districts, from August 2021 to February 2022. Data was collected from 60 medical and surgical units. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and face-to- face interviews were conducted with healthcare workers and patients. Finally results were presented in form of tables. Results: 64.66% of health care staff practice hand hygiene measures; and most of the surgeons (81.67%) were not satisfied with provided scrubbing materials. 46.67% of patients were satisfied with the prevailing hygiene status; 96.67% with health services. Moreover, 56.67% of patients wash hands before eating; 31.67% of sweepers satisfied with provision of materials, and surgical site infection rate was 13.33%. Furthermore, 63.33% of units collect waste daily; whereas only 18.33% had waste separation. 68.33% had isolation chamber for infectious cases; 36.67% screened patients for HIV/AIDS; and only 11.67% didn’t change fomites on daily basis. Conclusion: It was concluded that the hygiene status of selected hospitals was satisfactory. Moreover, the hygienic status showed strong relationship with type of unit; number of sweepers; waste collection frequency and frequency of fomites change and thus needs strategies to increase awareness and motivation of health care staff with an aim to reduce the incidence of hospital infections. Keywords: Hygiene Status, Infection, Medical, Surgical, Hospital
Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy for Dental Diseases: From Bench to Bed in Dentistry
Authors: Jasser Reham Al
Published: June 2022

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have significant potential to regenerate missing tissues and living structures. Exosomes are a specific subgroup of extracellular vesicles that are recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication in the process of regeneration. They contribute to various pathways of physiological and pathological processes. Given the ability of exosomes to carry molecular cargos and transfer bioactive components, exosome-based disease diagnosis and therapeutics have been extensively studied over the past few decades. The present review highlights the emerging applications of exosomes as therapeutic agents in craniofacial and dental regenerative processes. In addition, the current challenges and future perspectives of exosomes in dental clinical applications are discussed. Keywords: dentistry, stem cells, exosome, regeneration, periodontal.
Identification and Molecular Phylogeny of Morphologically of the Medicinal Plant Calligonum L’Herit
Authors: Alaklabi Abdullah
Published: June 2022

Aim: The rare gem species of Calligonum comosum contains highly therapeutic compounds collected from Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. It has various biological properties that used for antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-gastric ulcer, anti-hyperglycemic, abdominal ailments as well as against toothache. Methods: Calligonum L. (Polygonaceae) genus consists of 158 species dispersed in Asia, Africa and Middle East. Remarkably a very few researches found molecular phylogeny of Calligonum comosum, it is one of the significant medicinal plants used in various herbal preparations and most commonly adulterated by the morphologically similar species, viz C. ebinuricum. The species C. junceum, C. Colubrinum and C. arborescens is often misidentified as Calligonum comosum hence, thereby accurate identification of this medicinal herb are very crucial which ensures the drug effectively as well as biosafety. Thus, in this study, DNA barcoding tool was used for precise identification, its conservation development and differentiating from analogous species of C. comosum. Results: The barcode genes like nuclear internal transcribed spacer region ITS2, the chloroplast plastid gene matK and rbcL were used for phylogenetic analysis of Calligonum species. From the sequence alignment the nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS2 regions shows 9.5% of polymorphic sites, indicates higher range of transition/transversion (ts/tv) ratio and percentage of variation which aids to discriminate Calligonum comosum from its closely related species. Conclusion: The present phylogeny proves that the nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS2 region distinguishes the closely related species of Calligonum comosum from its morphologically similar species. Keywords: Calligonum, Phylogeny, ITS2, matK, rbcL.
A Study on the Dyslipidemia in Type II Diabetic Patients with and without Microalbuminuria
Authors: Raina Urooj Mehtab , Nisar Arbab , Bashir Muhammad Kashif , Rehman Habib Ur , Liaquat Shoaib , Shahid Omar
Published: June 2022

Objective: To record the rate of microalbuminuria in cases with type II diabetic mellitus and to record the frequency of dyslipidemia in cases with microalbumina and without it. Methodology: This study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan from July 2021 to December 2021 a total of 80 cases with type-II diabetes mellitus, between 35-70 years of age of either gender was enrolled whereas those having microalbuminuria, increased levels of serum creatinine with the history of CVD, UTI and pregnant females were excluded. Blood samples in a disposable syringe were obtained to determine microalbuminuria and with 12 hours fasting time for evaluation of hyper triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C in positive and negative cases of microalbuminuria. Results: In this study, 35%(n=30) were between 35-50 years of age whereas 45%(n=50) were between 51-70 years of age, Mean+SD was calculated as 55.43+7.66 years, male cases were 48%(n=48) whereas 32%(n=32) were females. Presence of microalbuminuria was recorded in 29%(n=25). Comparison for presence of dyslipidemia in diabetic cases with and without microalbuminuria shows that 91.8%(n=27) in microalbuminuria and 57.13%(n=32) in cases without it had hypertriglyceridemia, p value was 0.0009, increased LDL-C was recorded in 84.19%(n=25) in microalbuminuria group whereas 59.95%(n=44) had in cases without microalbuminuria, p value was 0.017, decreased DHL-C level were recorded in 80.74%(n=24) in microalbuminuria group and 72.63%(n=53) without it, p value was 0.38. Conclusion: The rate of microalbuminuria in cases with type II diabetes is not uncommon while these cases had higher risk of dyslipidemia when compared to those without it. Keywords: Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Microalbuminuria Dyslipidemia
Effects of Stabilization Exercises on Pain and Functional Status in Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Hamid Huda , Riaz Saima , Khan Maria , Hafeez Sana , Khan Rehan Ramzan , Rashid Sajid
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the effects of stabilization exercises on pain and functional status in patients of cervical radiculopathy. Methodology: The study was a Quasi experimental trial and was conducted in outpatient department of Ittefaq Hospital Lahore. The patients (n=44), who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups. Group A (n=22) was treated with stabilization exercises and conventional physical therapy protocol whereas group B (n=22) was given conventional physical therapy protocol only. Patients were evaluated with DASH score and NPRS for functional assessment and pain respectively at baseline and after 3 weeks of treatment in both groups. Data was analyzed on SPSS 21. Results: Mean age of patients in group A (Experimental group) and group B (Conventional group) were 54.22± 4.96 and 51.95±4.21 respectively. Within the group comparison for NPRS and DASH scores were statistically significant with p values <0.05. P values for across the group comparison were 0.40 and <0.05 for DASH and NPRS score respectively. Conclusion: The current study concludes that stabilization exercises along with conventional physical therapy and conventional physical therapy alone, both are effective in improving pain intensity and functional status in patients with cervical radiculopathy. However stabilization exercises are more effective in reducing the pain intensity levels. Keywords: Cervical radiculopathy, Neck pain, Stabilization exercise, Disability
Effectiveness of Oral Versus Vaginal Administration of Misoprostol for the Termination of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bhutto Zubeda , Khursheed Farkhunda , Fatima Maliha , Balouch Ifat , Tahir Humaira , Haque Asma
Published: June 2022

Aim: To assess the acceptability and effectiveness of oral versus vaginal administration of misoprostol to terminate the pregnancy in the first trimester. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Dow University Hospital, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi, Pakistan from August 2020 to August 2021 Methodology: The study included 120 women, out of which 52 women had taken misoprostol orally and in 68 women, the drug was introduced via vaginal route, 4 hours before the surgery, and data was collected including abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding by a questionnaire. Results: No significant differences were observed in terms of cervical dilatation, however, bleeding was more in the vaginal group i.e. 42% when compared with the oral group in which 24% of women experienced bleeding. Similarly, 89% of women of the oral group were satisfied with the results whereas 75% of patients of the vaginal group were satisfied with the results. Conclusion: Although the effectiveness of misoprostol is similar in both groups, more women of the oral group were satisfied and thus it could be chosen as an effective alternative to vaginal administration of misoprostol. Keywords: Misoprostol, oral, vaginal, pregnancy
Efficacy of Conservative and Surgical Techniques in the Management of Scaphoid Fractures: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Fareed Hamza , Keerio Niaz Hussain , Elkhashab Ahmed , Alqarni Bader Mohammed H , Khan Sher Baz , Ahmed Waseem
Published: June 2022

Aim: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of conservative versus surgical treatment for acute scaphoid fracture. Study design: A longitudinal study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, MMC college Mirpurkhas, BMCH Quetta, PHQ hospital Gilgit Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021. Methodology: A total of 60 acute scaphoid fractures (within three weeks) were included in this study, regardless of location. During the clinical examinations, diagnostic tests were done. Patients were urged to have wrist radiography check if any of these tests were positive. If radiography revealed no fracture, the wrist was immobilised with a below-elbow slab, and the patient was instructed to return in 15 days. After two weeks, the identical x-ray series was repeated Results: During the study period, 60 cases of acute scaphoid fracture (< 3 weeks) were seen. The average age of patients was 36.5 years. There were n=48 (80%) male patients and n=12 (20%) female patients. A right-side fracture was found in 38 (63 %) of patients, while a left-side fracture was found in 22 (36 %). The most common type of injury was traffic accidents, but sports injuries, industrial injuries, domestic injuries, and assault injuries were also common. A total of 11 patients had poor results who were managed conservatively. Poor results were reported in 1 patient of the operatively managed patients. Conclusion: As compared to conservative management, surgical technique had more favourable outcome. There were poor results in every fourth patient that was managed conservatively, while poor results were negligible in patients who were operatively managed. Keywords: Scaphoid fracture, conservative and surgical management, treatment options
Comparison of Balance Parameter and Muscle Strength after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Professional Football Players
Authors: Rahova Gazmend , Colak Serap , Ozbek Aydin , Bamac Belgin , Ergun Pelin , Colak Tuncay , Yener Mehmet Deniz , Tezel Fatih , Ece Yildiz
Published: June 2022

Aims: Most ACL injuries occur during sports activities. It is aimed to compare the anthropometric measurements, muscle strength and balance abilities of the lower extremities of professional male football players who have undergone ACL surgery and completed their rehabilitation programs. Methodology: In both groups, anthropometric measurements, lower extremity muscle strengths with manual hand dynamometer and lower extremity balance measurements were made with an easytech balance device. Results: An increase in right hip flexion strength was determined in football players who had undergone ACL surgery (p<0.05). There was an increase in ipsilateral hip abduction angles in the surgical group (p<0.05). When the data of the right and left extremities of the participants in the experimental group were compared, it was determined that there was an increase in the flexion strength of the operated knee (p<0.05). When the balance data of the football players were examined, it was concluded that the right leg and double leg balance data were impaired compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Categorizing sports injuries by type and branch of sports; it is important to determine the physical characteristics of athletes gained after treatment. We think that this approach can contribute to the design of rehabilitation programs and reduce recurrent injuries. Keywords: Sports injury, Anterior cruciate ligament, Balance
Analysis of use of Percutaneous Nephrostomy and Ureteral Stenting in Management of Ureteral Obstruction
Authors: . Yasrab , Iqbal Muhammad Nauman , Khan Qurat-Ul-Ain , Mushtaq Hafiz Muhammad Asim , Asad Syeda Samina , Ahmed Aftab
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Urinary diversion is one of the ways to manage ureteral obstructions and is commonly performed in our daily practice when the underlying condition of ureteral obstruction cannot be eliminated in a short period. Ureteral obstructions can be a consequence of malignancies or benign diseases. Aims and objectives: The basic aim of the study is to analyze the use of percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteral stenting in management of ureteral obstruction. Methodology of the study: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Urology, Shaikh Zayid Hospital Lahore during October 2020 to Dec 2021. This study was done with the permission of ethical committee of hospital. There were 110 patients who selected for this study analysis. Enrollment criteria consisted of the need for unilateral or bilateral upper urinary tract diversion for at least 6 months. Either a PCN tube or an internal ureteral stent (e.g., double-J stent) was used for ureteral obstructions of various etiologies. Results: There were 110 patients with mean age 60 years in this study. There were 66 patients with ureteral stents and 44 (40%) with PCN tubes. A smaller elevation in serum creatinine was noted in the PCN group (0.21 vs. 0.78 mg/dL, p = 0.03). Nine of 86 (10.4%) double-J stents were converted to PCN tubes during the study period. Residual hydronephrosis after decompression was more common in the stent group than in the PCN group (65.2% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that Urinary diversion or decompression using PCN produced better preservation of renal function and lower incidences of complications in our study. Keywords: PCN, Hydronephrosis, Urinary, Renal, Function
Rekreasyon İşletmelerinde Kullanılan Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojisine Yönelik Kullanıcıların Görüş ve Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KULAKOĞLU DİLEK Nur
Published: June 2022

Çalışmanın temel amacı, rekreasyon işletmelerinde sunulan sanal gerçeklik teknolojisi tabanlı uygulamaların, kullanıcılarında oluşturduğu gerçeklik algısını, yaşanan deneyimin özünü ve kullanıcıların sanal gerçeklik (SG) deneyimlerini keşfetmektir. Bu amaçla çalışma, fenomenolojik araştırma deseni üzerinden kurgulanmıştır. Veriler üç büyük ilde (İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir), Haziran-Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında, yüz yüze görüşme formu aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi tematik analiz ile yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, rekreasyon işletmelerinde sunulan sanal gerçeklik teknolojisi tabanlı uygulamaların, kullanıcı tarafından kabul edilmesi; kullanıcısına fayda sağlamasına, eğlence düzeyinin yüksek olmasına ve kullanıcı nezdinde yeni bir gerçeklik algısı oluşturmasına bağlı olmaktadır. Öte yandan deneyimlenen uygulamaların gerçekçi, sürükleyici, faydalı ve eğlenceli olması, katılımcıların tekrar kullanım ve tavsiye niyetlerini yüksek düzeyde etkilese dahi, fiziksel bir deneyimin yerini alamamaktadır. Çalışma, rekreasyon işletmelerinde kendisine giderek daha yaygın kullanım alanı bulan sanal gerçeklik teknolojisine kullanıcıların deneyimleri üzerinden genel bir bakış açısı sunarken, bu kapsamda yapılacak sonraki çalışmalar için de yol gösterici olma niteliği taşımaktadır.
Semi-Decadal Spatio-temporal variation of gaseous pollutants over a Part of a National Capital Region, India
Authors: Neenu Yadav
Published: June 2022

Air pollution occurs when fumes (or smoke) and dust particle gases are introduced into the atmosphere insuch a way that endangers animal and plant. Air pollution harms the health of living beings on our planet.It causes acid rain and smog, which cause respiratory diseases and cancer, depletes the ozone layer, andcontributes to global warming. Current study examines gaseous observations, which is a measure sourceof the air pollution, in an urban National Capital Region of India.The concentration of gases was measuredat air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) located throughout Delhi. The collection is from a five-yearperiod of real-time data observation. Gas variations were interpolated in a geographic information system(GIS) to generate digital elevation models (DEMs). The current study investigated the role of gaseouspollutants in increasing overall pollution levels in Delhi NCR, as well as the variation of gaseous pollutionacross Delhiâs different stations. Temporal interpolation of observations based on the concentration of gasesdepicted on the Z-axis. During the winter and monsoon seasons, distinct clusters of high values are depicted,indicating specific natural and anthropogenic activities. Summer months, on the other hand, indicate lowvalues, indicating steady atmospheric conditions. Such information can play a critical part in enhancingthe governmentâs developmental initiatives and planning to lower the degree of pollution that our countryrequires.
Pesticide consumption and investigation of usage patterns, handling practices, farmer’s education, perception on pesticide use, and biological response of earthworms to dichlorvos
Authors: Dar Mohd Ashraf , Meena Chetram , Kaushik Garima
Published: June 2022

Acute toxicity and morphological modifications of dichlorvos to Eisenia foetida were assessed by directcontact test via a filter paper. The 24 and 48 h LC50 were 70 and 50 ppm, respectively. MorphologicalObservations demonstrated body ruptures and bloody injuries. The pattern of pesticide usage, management,their health effects on farmers, and farmers perception towards pesticides was also studied. Data werecollected viaa structured questionnaire, formal and informal interviews, and group discussions. The resultspoint out that pesticides are readily available and extensively applied in crop cultivation. The primarypurpose of presenting pesticides in the crop fields was to forestall and control pests and diseases.Organophosphates were the most generally utilized pesticides by farmers. Farmerâs reported manualapplication as the method of choice for pesticide application, and most of the farmers confirmed that noessential safety measures and precautions were embraced when pesticides were applied. Education waswitnessed to influence the farmerâs approach towards taking appropriate protective measures; however,there was no association between farmerâsage and pesticide health effects. The level of education and analphabetic contributed significantly to poor awareness of pesticide use. The configuration of pesticide usesamong farmers, therefore, needs improvement.
Drought Disaster and its Management Strategies: An Overview
Authors: Sharma Anu , Sharma Gayatri
Published: June 2022

India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters due to its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods,droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides are major natural disasters. The vulnerability in India ismore compared to developed countries. In India due to different climatic and rainfall patterns in differentregions some parts are suffering from flood and other prt are suffering from drought at the same time.Unlike floods, drought occurrence is a gradual process with long lasting effects. It causes huge losses interms of human, financial, environmental, social , economical and livelihood. Thus there is a need forawareness, implementation of new activities to prevent water related disasters as well as reduce theirimpact through post disaster management policies. The new approach of the government of India proceedsfrom the conviction that development can not be sustainable unless disaster mitigation is built into thedevelopment process. This paper explores the drought disaster in several dimensions such as health,environmental,socioeconomic and management strategies.
Successful and Unsuccessful Choices at the Beginning of the Balkan Electrification: The Cases of Bulgaria and Serbia
Authors: Berov Hristo
Published: June 2022

For a long timr, electrification has remained one of the main criteria for the modernization of life and living environment of large groups of the population in almost every part of the world. The Balkan countries are among the first to join this process and their experience is important for understanding it as a whole. This text is an attempt to compare the first private initiatives for the construction of power plants in Bulgaria and Serbia at the end of XIX and the beginning of XX century. An emphasis is placed on the the entrepreneurs engaged in the implementation of the respective endeavors. The main goal is to shed some light on the “personality” factor as an important element of the modernization process. Apart from this, the research emphasizes the importance of concrete solutions for the successful realization of such complex industrial endeavors.
Administrative Renaming and the Memory for Plovdiv Urban Space during XX Century
Authors: Sukarev Vidin
Published: June 2022

In this paper are presented the main and little-known street and other urban areas’ name changes in Plovdiv during the XX century. Attention is also paid to the background from the late Ottoman period. The renaming actions implemented by the central or local authorities usually lead to partial or complete loss of historical memory, regardless of the policy, purpose and ideology. Most seriously were affected the names from the time of the Ottoman rule but there were more cases throughout the Bulgarian national history.
effect of the self-organized learning model (Pintrich) in improving lateral thinking in tennis for female students
Authors: Shakir Zainab Nadhem , Mohseen Hayder Salman , Hussein Wissam Salah Abdul
Published: June 2022

Preparing educational units with the Pintrich self-organized learning model to improve lateral thinking in tennis for female students, Recognizing the effect of the self-organized learning model (Pintrich) in improving lateral thinking in tennis for female students, The research community was identified with female students of the second academic year in the College of Education for Girls (Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences) at the University of Kufa for the academic year 2021-2022, and their number is 40. The method of a lottery was used in selecting the sample. At first, fifteen female students were selected for the experimental group, then fifteen female students for the control group, and ten female students for the exploratory experiment. Thus, the percentage of the research sample is (72.72%) of the research community, Conclusions: The experimental group that implemented the educational units according to the Pintrich self-organizer in improving the lateral thinking in tennis for female students outperformed the control group,  There are significant differences for the Pintrich self-organized learning model in improving the lateral thinking of female students between the control and experimental groups in favour of the post-test.
Solutions to improve the efficient learning of political theory subjects for students at Tay Nguyen University
Authors: Anh Pham Phuong , Hai Nguyen Minh , Thuy Truong Van , Tin Nguyen Thien
Published: June 2022

Political theory is a system of knowledge about the political field, reflecting the relationship of classes in gaining and holding power; expressing class attitudes and interests towards state power in a class society. It is an important part of mankind's theoretical treasure, the result of scientific research activities and practical summaries over many generations. The article evaluates the current situation of studying political theory subjects for students at Tay Nguyen University from which to see the advantages and limitations, thereby proposing some solutions to contribute to further improving the learning efficiency of the students. Political theory course for students at Tay Nguyen University.
Sign language recognition
Authors: Nallusamy C , Ari Haran A , Arun Prakash K , Sabith Kumar N
Published: June 2022

There is an absence of communication with deaf people in our society. To overcome this barrier the introduction of Sign Language (SL) took place. To convey meaning to normal people, sign language makes use of patterns that are visually transmitted sign patterns. Sign language is also useful for people suffering with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Normal people cannot understand the signs used by deaf, as they do not know the meaning of a particular sign. The system proposed here aims at solving this problem. This system uses a camera, which captures various gestures of the hand. Then, processing of the image takes place by using various algorithms. First, pre-processing of the image takes place. Then, determination of edges occurs by using an edge detection algorithm. Finally, a template-matching algorithm identifies the sign and display the text. As the output is text, one can easily interpret the meaning of a particular sign. This also curtails the difficulty to communicate with the deaf. The implementation of the system is by using Python. The system uses various libraries.
Iraqi EFL teachers, supervisors and students’ perception of CLT principles and practices at Iraqi schools: A study of its benefits, snags, and future directions
Authors: Dakhil Taif Abdulhussein , Yahya Amani Akram , Khadhim Hayder Hakim Abdul
Published: June 2022

Even though in recent decades a bulk of studies have been accomplished on the use of communicative language teaching (CLT) in English as a foreign language (EFL) environments, fairly a limited numbers of studies precisely dealt with investigating the attitudes of language teachers, students and supervisors concerning the principals of CLT in the context of Iraq. Henceforth, this study was designed to delve into the attitudes of teachers, learners and supervisors about the implementation. To this end, the study was accomplished using a mixed method design. The present study was carried out in two phases: designing and using a questionnaire plus interviewing the teachers, students and supervisors (51 language learners, 41 teachers and 28 supervisors), the researcher selected three language institutes of Al-Diwaniyah Iraq. The findings disclosed that although both groups of participants held favorable attitudes toward CLT, teacher participants had significantly higher levels of perception regarding CLT tenets in terms of the role of grammar, the learner’s role, the teacher’s role, and error correction and evaluation. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found between language learners, teachers and supervisors concerning group/pair work and native language role.
ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ НАВЫКИ СОТРУДНИКОВ АПТЕК ПО ПРОТИВОВИРУСНЫМ ПРЕПАРАТАМ / INFORMATION NEEDS AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS OF PHARMACY STAFF FOR ANTIVIRAL DRUGS
Authors: Beglaryan Margarita , Barseghyan Anush , Nazaryan Lusine , Mikayelyan Nona
Published: June 2022

Провизоры/фармацевты играют важную роль в системе здравоохранения. Как специалисты здравоохранения они могут предложить пациентам некоторые услуги, включая консультации, обучение пациентов и управление самолечением. Особенно во время пандемии они могут помочь пациентам, оказывая фармацевтическую опеку безрецептурными препаратами. Целью исследования было изучение и анализ профессиональных навыков и информационных потребностей работников аптек, особенно при консультировании по противовирусным препаратам. Исследование проводилось методом анкетирования, то есть применялись стандартизированные опросники, апробированные в международной фармацевтической практике. В Ереване письменный опрос проводился среди 285 работников аптек. Результаты исследования были введены и проанализированы статистической программой SPSS. В результате нашего исследования выяснилось, что большинство респондентов-фармацевты, то есть работники со средним профессиональным образованием (49%). Для них источником информации, в основном, является информация, предоставленная медицинскими представителями (26%). А для предоставления консультации по противовирусным препаратам, главные факторы-собственный опыт и удобство применения лекарственной формы (25%). Таким образом, необходимо уделять большое внимание на постдипломное образование фармацевтических работников, регулярно обновлять их знания и профессиональные навыки, особенно по противовирусным препаратам. / Pharmacists have an important and huge role within the healthcare system. As a first step healthcare specialists they can offer some services to the patients including consultation, patient education and management of self-medication. Especially during an epidemic, pharmacy staff can assist patients by providing pharmaceutical care with OTC drugs. Aim and objects was to study and analyze professional abilities and information needs of pharmacy employees especially during consultation about antiviral drugs. The research was conducted throughout the method of Questionnaires with the help of already approved questionnaires. 285 pharmacy employees were participated in Yerevan. Study results were entered and analyzed using SPSS statistical program. As a result of our research, it became clear that most of the respondents հave secondary vocational education, ie they are pharmacists (49%), their main source of information is an information provided by medical representatives (26%). During the consultation of antiviral drugs performed by the pharmacy staff the basis of consultation are the own experience and the convenience of medicine form (25%). It is necessary to pay great attention to the continuing education of pharmacists, to regularly update their knowledge and professional skills particularly in the field of antiviral drugs.
ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ПАРОДОНТИТА СРЕДНЕ-ТЯЖЕЛОЙ СТЕПЕНИ ТЯЖЕСТИ МАТЕРИАЛОМ «КЛИПДЕНТ» / TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS OF MIDDLE-SEVERE GRAVITY WITH KLIPDENT MATERIAL
Authors: Salikhova Miyasat , Sutaeva Tamila , Shikhkerimova Suzanna
Published: June 2022

Использование синтетического материала «Клипдент» целесообразно в комплексном лечении пародонтита, с целью устранения пародонтальных карманов, ускорения восстановления утраченной костной ткани. У пациентов, которым был проведён открытый кюретаж с использованием «Клипдент», через 12 месяцев после проведенного комплексного лечения, состояния клинической ремиссии выявлено у 82% случаев. Полученные результаты клинического исследования позволяют прийти к заключению, что у пациентов с пародонтитом средней и тяжёлой степени для стабилизации клинической картины необходимо поддерживающая терапия с интервалом 6 месяцев. / The use of synthetic material «Klipdent» is advisable in the complex treatment of periodontitis, in order to eliminate periodontal pockets, accelerate the restoration of lost bone tissue. In patients who underwent open curettage using Klipdent, 12 months after the complex treatment, the state of clinical remission was detected in 82% of cases. The obtained results of the clinical study allow us to conclude that in patients with moderate and severe periodontitis, maintenance therapy with an interval of 6 months is necessary to stabilize the clinical picture.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ КОГНИТИВНОГО ДИЗОНТОГЕНЕЗА У ДЕТЕЙ С НАРУШЕНИЯМИ АУТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА / FEATURES OF COGNITIVE DYSONTOGENESIS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Authors: Khudoyan Ani
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена проблемам исследования когнитивного дизонтогенеза у детей с нарушениями аутического спектра. В статье рассматриваются вопросы развития когнитивных функций у детей с РАС, факторы, влияющие на проявление когнитивного дизонтогенеза. Так же в статье проанализированы возможные последствия и влияние нарушений когнитивных функций на процесс восприятия окружающего мира и социализации. / The article is devoted to the problems of the study of cognitive dysontogenesis in children with autism spectrum disorders. The article discusses the development of cognitive functions in children with autism, factors affecting the manifestation of cognitive dysontogenesis. In this article we also analyze the possible consequences and impact of cognitive impairment on the process of world perception and socialization.
ПРОБЛЕМА АКЦЕНТУАЦИИ ХАРАКТЕРА В ПСИХОЛОГИИ / THE PROBLEM OF CHARACTER ACCENTUATION IN PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Ghazaryan Armine
Published: June 2022

В последние годы особенно широкое распространение получили исследования акцентуации характера, взаимосвязи акцентуации характера и отдельных черт, структур личности. Научная психология занимается изучением акцентуации характера на протяжении многих десятилетий. В этот период были проведены многочисленные исследования, многочисленные попытки классификации и координации акцентуации характера (А. Личко, К. Леонгард, В.В. Пономоренко, И.В. Выбойщик, Е.А. Алексея, Л.П. Паршукова, П.В. Волков, Д.Ю. Райгородский, Ю.Б. Гиппенрейтер, В.Ю. Романова, А.Г. Маклаков, А.А. Реан, М.Б. Коркина и др.). Акцентуация характера как индивидуально-типологическая особенность рассматривается как крайнее выражение нормы, которую невозможно рассмотреть как патологическое проявление. Она имеет свои проявления и закономерности формирования и может рассматриваться как уязвимая черта личности. Акцентуация характера определяется как негармоничное развитие характера, преувеличенное проявление определенных черт, что при определенных воздействиях вызывает высокую уязвимость личности и в определенных особых ситуациях осложняет процесс адаптации. / In recent years, studies of character accentuation, the relationship between character accentuation and separate personality traits and structures have become especially widespread. Scientific psychology has been studying character accentuation for many decades. During this period, numerous studies were carried out, numerous attempts to classify and coordinate character accentuation (A. Lichko, K. Leonhard, V.V. Ponomorenko, I.V. Vyboyshchik, E.A. Alekseyeva, L.P. Parshukova, P.V. Volkov, D.Yu. Raigorodsky, Yu.B. Gippenreiter, V.Yu. Romanova, A.G. Maklakov, A.A. Rean, M.B. Korkina, etc.). Character accentuation, as an individual-typological feature, is considered as an extreme expression of the norm, it cannot be considered as a pathological manifestation. It has its manifestations and patterns of formation and can be considered as a vulnerable personality trait. Character accentuation is defined as an unbalanced development of character, a strong expression of individual traits, which is due to a person's high vulnerability to certain influences and difficulties in the process of adaptation.
ПОЛОВОЗРАСТНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЦЕЛЕВЫХ УСТАНОВОК МОЛОДЕЖИ / GENDER AND AGE FEATURES OF YOUTH TARGET ATTITUDES
Authors: Keloyan Mari , Harutyunyan Naira
Published: June 2022

В статье представлены проблемы молодежи, основные проблемы целеполагания нового поколения и планирования деятельности. Представлены количественные данные о характеристиках целевых установок в начале и в конце молодости. В статье анализированы некоторые данные по половозрастному фактору молодежи. / The article presents the main problems of youth, the main issues of targeting the new generation and planning activities. Quantitative data on the characteristics of target attitudes at the beginning and end of a young age are presented. And also, there is a comparative analysis of data on the age and sex factor.
STABILITY INDICATING HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF ELIGLUSTAT TARTRATE
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy (Kondhwa), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune - 411 048, Maharashtra, India, Ghante Minal , Siddheshware Pooja , Bhusari Vidhya , Sawant Sanjay , Sawant Vasundhara , Kulkarni Preeti
Published: June 2022

For determination of eliglustat tartrate, a new, specific, simple, accurate (recovery) and precise stability indicating HPLC method has been developed and validated according to ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The HPLC method was developed using acetonitrile: 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid 40:60 (V/V) as mobile phase, with pH of mobile phase adjusted to 3.0. The column used was HiQSil C-18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as stationary phase at a flow rate of 0.7 mL min-1. Retention time for eliglustat tartarate was found to be 5.9 min. The eluted compounds were detected using a PDA detector. The drug was subjected to stress testing as per ICH Q1A (R2) guideline. The degradation products did not interfere with the retention time of eliglustat. The calibration curve was found to be linear over a concentration range of 10-50 µg mL-1. For the calibration plots, R2 was found as 0.9995, indicating good linear relationship. The accuracy of the developed method was in the range of 99.87-100.62 %. The limit of detection of eliglustat was found to be 0.23 µg mL-1 and limit of quantification was 0.68 µg mL-1.
LAWSONE FROM LAWSONIA INERMIS: ISOLATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Muvattupuzha - 686 661, Kerala, India, Francis Shincy M. , Xavier Elizabeth N. , Joy Lins M.
Published: June 2022

Lawsone, also known as hennotannic acid, is the natural pigment obtained from henna. Lawsone is chemically 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. The presence of the hydroxyl group is the major determinant of its biological activity. Lawsone is extracted from the henna plant by solvent extraction using nonpolar solvents. Column chromatography is mainly used for the isolation of lawsone from the extract. High Performance Liquid Chromatography, coupled with spectroscopic detectors, is employed for analytical quantification. Lawsone possesses anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, molluscicidal, anti-parasitic, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activities. It reduces the proliferation of DLD-1 cells via the NF-kB pathway in colon cancer cells. Lawsone is effective against skin cancer. Lawsone has antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria including multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant potential of lawsone is the reason for its hepatoprotective effect. This review deals with the isolation, quantification, and pharmacologic activities of lawsone.