bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly stable Ru-complex-based metal-covalent organic frameworks as novel type of electrochemiluminescence emitters for ultrasensitive biosensing
Authors: Yang Yang , Jiang Haicheng , Li Jialu , Zhang Jialing , Gao Shu-Zhen , Lu Mei-Ling , Zhang Xin-Yue , Liang Wenbin , Zou Xiaoqin , Yuan Ruo , Xiao Dong-Rong
Published: May 2023

The first Ru-complex-based metal-covalent organic framework (Ru-MCOF) with excellent ECL performance has been constructed using Ru(dcbpy)32+ as the building block, enriching the MCOFs family and expanding the application of MCOFs in the ECL field.
Click reactions to prepare symmetrical and asymmetrical and broad-band near-infrared absorbing dyes
Authors: Zhao Yang , Yu Yang , Song Wenqi , Yao Ruijuan , Gao Jianjing , Zhang Huimin , Zhao Yun , Zhao Yuzhen , Wang Dong
Published: May 2023

Aniline compounds, both symmetric and asymmetric, were prepared via click chemistry and Sonogashira coupling reactions, and the third-order nonlinear optical properties of these compounds were studied.
Novel γ-cyclodextrin-based metal–organic frameworks for the effective encapsulation of oregano essential oil and controlled release
Authors: He Wanping , Ye Kairu , Li Huiru , Wang Chenguang , Wei Hongyuan , Dang Leping
Published: May 2023

Biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin-based metal–organic frameworks were prepared for the effective encapsulation of liquid oregano essential oil innovatively with excellent controlled release.
First-principles study of CdSe nanoribbons under uniaxial tensile strain
Authors: Fu Bing , Yang Xiaozhe , Yu Guolong , Li Liangrong , Feng Gang
Published: May 2023

The binding energies of ACdSeNRs and ZCdSeNRs vary as a function of nanoribbon width. With comparable width, the binding energies of ACdSeNRs are significantly greater than those of ZCdSeNRs, indicating that armchair nanoribbons are more stable.
Co(ii/iii), Ni(ii) and Cu(ii) complexes with a pyrazole-functionalized 1,3,5-triazopentadiene: synthesis, structure and application in the oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde
Authors: Mahmudov Ibadulla , Gurbanov Atash V. , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. , Abdullayev Yusif , Sujayev Afsun , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: May 2023

The synthesis, supramolecular packing and intermolecular interactions of Co(ii/iii), Ni(ii) and Cu(ii) carbamimidoyl (imino(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)amidates are reported, as well as their catalytic activity in the oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde.
Aromaticity, chirality and dimensionality of space
Authors: Shainyan Bagrat A.
Published: May 2023

Aromaticity and chirality in a low-dimensional space is discussed. The Hückel rule can be generalized to the Hirsch rule or derived from the latter. In a chiral surrounding, planar and even linear molecules may become chiral.
A rapid and sensitive colorimetric discrimination and detection of cysteine, homocysteine and glutathione by phloroglucinol-functionalized silver nanoresonators with real applications
Authors: Singh Anurag Kumar , Singh Raksha , Yadav Minu , Sharma Manish , Tiwari Ida , Upadhyay K. K.
Published: May 2023

The phloroglucinol-functionalized silver nanoparticles exhibited naked eye detection for cysteine, homocysteine and glutathione through three different colors and UV-Vis spectral patterns.
Asymmetric syntheses of ent-pimarane diterpenoids
Authors: Li Yunzhou , Fu Shaomin , Liu Bo
Published: May 2023

The asymmetric total syntheses of two ent-pimarane diterpenoids with the oxidation state at C19 are developed in nine and ten steps (LLS) with 16% and 10% overall yields, respectively.
Solvent-free synthetic protocols for halide perovskites
Authors: Zhang Xinrui , Zheng Jiaomao , Wang Yifan , Wang Zhenlong , Zheng Luyao , Nozariasbmarz Amin , Tao Kai , Ma Binghe , Poudel Bed , Wang Kai , Ye Tao
Published: May 2023

We discuss new opportunities in solvent-free synthesis of halide perovskites, including vapor deposition and mechanochemical methods.
Dynamic evolution of electrocatalytic materials for Li–S batteries
Authors: Yuan Cheng , Li Hongtai , Liu Genlin , Zeng Pan , Mao Jing , Zhang Liang
Published: May 2023

The recent progress in the dynamic evolution of electrocatalysts for Li–S batteries is systematically summarized and their important role for electrochemical performance improvement is deciphered.
Pt nanoparticle dispersed Ni(OH)2 nanosheets via a pulsed laser deposition method efficiently enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction performance in alkaline conditions
Authors: Zhao Zhong , Zhang Shengbo , Jin Meng , Zhang Haimin
Published: May 2023

Pt–Ni(OH)2-5 catalyst fabricated via a vapour-phase hydrothermal method and pulsed laser deposition method exhibits good HER performance under alkaline conditions.
A combined experimental and multiscale modeling approach for the investigation of lab-scale fluidized bed reactors
Authors: Uglietti Riccardo , Micale Daniele , La Zara Damiano , Goulas Aristeidis , Nardi Luca , Bracconi Mauro , van Ommen J. Ruud , Maestri Matteo
Published: May 2023

We show the potential of coupling numerical and experimental approaches in the fundamental understanding of catalytic reactors, and in particular fluidized bed ones.
Organic materials as charge hosts for pseudocapacitive energy storage
Authors: Yadav Suman , Ingle Dhiraj Siddhartha , Venkata Rao Kotagiri , Kurra Narendra
Published: May 2023

Organic materials employ earth-abundant elements as the basic constituents, which makes organic energy storage devices sustainable and cost-effective.
Insight into the structure and transport properties of pyrrolidinium-based geminal dicationic-organic ionic crystals: unravelling the role of alkyl-chain length
Authors: Mahapatra Amita , Samantara Aneeya K. , Barik Sahadev , Sahoo Malaya K. , Behera J. N. , Sarkar Moloy
Published: May 2023

The present study has been undertaken with an aim to design and develop safer and more efficient all solid-state electrolytes so that the issues associated with the use of conventional room temperature ionic liquid-based electrolytes can be tackled.
A coarse-grained simulation model for colloidal self-assemblyviaexplicit mobile binders
Authors: Mitra Gaurav , Chang Chuan , McMullen Angus , Puchall Daniela , Brujic Jasna , Hocky Glen M.
Published: May 2023

Developing a model for assembly of colloids with mobile binding sites, we probe the physics of assembly of adhesion patches between particles. We find design rules for assembly of low valence chains, and also study the folding behavior of these ‘colloidomers’.
Structuring electrodes via acoustic-field-assisted particle patterning for enhanced performance of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Shahriar M. , Hu Shan
Published: May 2023

An acoustic particle patterning method generated ordered structures in battery electrodes to facilitate lithium-ion diffusion and charge transport kinetics, allowing superior rate capability and cycling stability over conventional electrodes.
Strongly coupled interface facilitating charge separation to the improved visible light-driven hydrogen production on CdS@polydopamine/NiS photocatalyst
Authors: Qin Yingying , Xu Linli , Zhu Zhi , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: May 2023

The high-speed electron transfer channels generated by CdS-pDA strong bonds and the Schottky junction both expedite the spatial separation of charge carriers, improving the photocatalytic H2 generation performance.
Correction: Bio-related applications of porous organic frameworks (POFs)
Authors: Zhang He , Li Guoliang , Liao Chunyang , Cai Yaqi , Jiang Guibin
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Bio-related applications of porous organic frameworks (POFs)’ by He Zhang et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2019, 7, 2398–2420, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TB03192D.
The RNA cap methyltransferases RNMT and CMTR1 co-ordinate gene expression during neural differentiation
Authors: Liang Shang , Almohammed Rajaei , Cowling Victoria H.
Published: May 2023

Regulation of RNA cap formation has potent impacts on gene regulation, controlling which transcripts are expressed, processed and translated into protein. Recently, the RNA cap methyltransferases RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT) and cap-specific mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase 1 (CMTR1) have been found to be independently regulated during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation controlling the expression of overlapping and distinct protein families. During neural differentiation, RNMT is repressed and CMTR1 is up-regulated. RNMT promotes expression of the pluripotency-associated gene products; repression of the RNMT complex (RNMT–RAM) is required for repression of these RNAs and proteins during differentiation. The predominant RNA targets of CMTR1 encode the histones and ribosomal proteins (RPs). CMTR1 up-regulation is required to maintain the expression of histones and RPs during differentiation and to maintain DNA replication, RNA translation and cell proliferation. Thus the co-ordinate regulation of RNMT and CMTR1 is required for different aspects of ES cell differentiation. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which RNMT and CMTR1 are independently regulated during ES cell differentiation and explore how this influences the co-ordinated gene regulation required of emerging cell lineages.
The regulation of meiotic crossover distribution: a coarse solution to a century-old mystery?
Authors: Girard Chloe , Zwicker David , Mercier Raphael
Published: May 2023

Meiotic crossovers, which are exchanges of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, are more evenly and distantly spaced along chromosomes than expected by chance. This is because the occurrence of one crossover reduces the likelihood of nearby crossover events — a conserved and intriguing phenomenon called crossover interference. Although crossover interference was first described over a century ago, the mechanism allowing coordination of the fate of potential crossover sites half a chromosome away remains elusive. In this review, we discuss the recently published evidence supporting a new model for crossover patterning, coined the coarsening model, and point out the missing pieces that are still needed to complete this fascinating puzzle.
Pyodine: an open, flexible reduction software for iodine-calibrated precise radial velocities
Authors: Heeren Paul , Tronsgaard René , Grundahl Frank , Reffert Sabine , Quirrenbach Andreas , Pallé Pere L.
Published: May 2023

Context. Many telescopes use an iodine (I2) absorption cell to measure precise radial velocities (RVs), but their data reduction pipelines are all tailored to their respective instrumental characteristics and not openly accessible.

Aims. For existing and future projects dedicated to measuring precise RVs, we have created an open-source, flexible data reduction software to extract RVs from échelle spectra via the I2 cell method. The software, called pyodine, is completely written in Python and has been built in a modular structure to allow for easy adaptation to different instruments.

Methods. We present the fundamental concepts employed by pyodine, which build on existing I2 reduction codes, and give an overview of the software’s structure. We adapted pyodine to two instruments, Hertzsprung SONG located at Teide Observatory (SONG hereafter) and the Hamilton spectrograph at Lick Observatory (Lick hereafter), and demonstrate the code’s flexibility and its performance on spectra from these facilities.

Results. Both for SONG and Lick data, the pyodine results generally match the RV precision achieved by the dedicated instrument pipelines. Notably, our code reaches a precision of roughly 0.69 m s−1 on a short-term solar time series of SONG spectra, and confirms the planet-induced RV variations of the star HIP 36616 on spectra from SONG and Lick. Using the solar spectra, we also demonstrate the capabilities of our software in extracting velocity time series from single absorption lines. A probable instrumental effect of SONG is still visible in the pyodine RVs, despite being a bit damped as compared to the original results.

Conclusions. With pyodine we prove the feasibility of a highly precise, yet instrument-flexible I2 reduction software, and in the future the code will be part of the dedicated data reduction pipelines for the SONG network and the Waltz telescope project in Heidelberg.
Systematics of planetary ephemeris reference frames inferred from pulsar timing astrometry
Authors: Liu N. , Zhu Z. , Antoniadis J. , Liu J.-C. , Zhang H.
Published: May 2023

Aims. This study aims to investigate the systematic errors in planetary ephemeris reference frames through pulsar timing observations.

Methods. We used the published data sets from several pulsar timing arrays and performed timing analyses for each pulsar using different planetary ephemerides retrieved from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s Development Ephemeris (DE), Ephemeris of Planets and the Moon (EPM), and INPOP (Intégration Numérique Planétaire de l’Observatoire de Paris). Then, we compared the timing solutions and modeled the differences in position and proper motion by vector spherical harmonics of the first degree. The timing solutions were also compared with those determined by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) astrometry.

Results. The orientation offsets between the latest editions of the DE, EPM, and INPOP series do not exceed 0.4 milliarcseconds (mas), while the relative spins between these ephemerides are less than 5 microarcseconds per year (µasyr−1). We do not detect significant glides in either position or proper motion between these ephemerides. The orientation of the pulsar timing frames deviates from that of the VLBI frame from zero by approximately 0.4 mas when considering the formal uncertainty and possible systematics.

Conclusions. The orientation of current planetary ephemeris frames is as accurate as at least 0.4 mas, and the nonrotation is better than 5 µas yr−1.
Three Saturn-mass planets transiting F-type stars revealed with TESS and HARPS
Authors: Psaridi Angelica , Bouchy François , Lendl Monika , Akinsanmi Babatunde , Stassun Keivan G. , Smalley Barry , Armstrong David J. , Howard Saburo , Ulmer-Moll Solène , Grieves Nolan , Barkaoui Khalid , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Bryant Edward M. , Suárez Olga , Guillot Tristan , Evans Phil , Attia Mara , Wittenmyer Robert A. , Yee Samuel W. , Collins Karen A. , Zhou George , Galland Franck , Parc Léna , Udry Stéphane , Figueira Pedro , Ziegler Carl , Mordasini Christoph , Winn Joshua N. , Seager Sara , Jenkins Jon M. , Twicken Joseph D. , Brahm Rafael , Jones Matías I. , Abe Lyu , Addison Brett , Briceño César , Briegal Joshua T. , Collins Kevin I. , Daylan Tansu , Eigmüller Phillip , Furesz Gabor , Guerrero Natalia M. , Hagelberg Janis , Heitzmann Alexis , Hounsell Rebekah , Huang Chelsea X. , Krenn Andreas , Law Nicholas M. , Mann Andrew W. , McCormac James , Mékarnia Djamel , Mounzer Dany , Nielsen Louise D. , Osborn Ares , Reinarz Yared , Sefako Ramotholo R. , Steiner Michal , Strøm Paul A. , Triaud Amaury H. M. J. , Vanderspek Roland , Vanzi Leonardo , Vines Jose I. , Watson Christopher A. , Wright Duncan J. , Zapata Abner
Published: May 2023

While the sample of confirmed exoplanets continues to grow, the population of transiting exoplanets around early-type stars is still limited. These planets allow us to investigate the planet properties and formation pathways over a wide range of stellar masses and study the impact of high irradiation on hot Jupiters orbiting such stars. We report the discovery of TOI-615b, TOI-622b, and TOI-2641b, three Saturn-mass planets transiting main sequence, F-type stars. The planets were identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and confirmed with complementary ground-based and radial velocity observations. TOI-615b is a highly irradiated (~1277 F⊕) and bloated Saturn-mass planet (1.69−0.06+0.05 RJup and 0.43−0.08+0.09 MJup) in a 4.66 day orbit transiting a 6850 K star. TOI-622b has a radius of 0.82−0.03+0.03 RJup and a mass of 0.30−0.08+0.07 MJup in a 6.40 day orbit. Despite its high insolation flux (~600 F⊕), TOI-622b does not show any evidence of radius inflation. TOI-2641b is a 0.39−0.04+0.02 MJup planet in a 4.88 day orbit with a grazing transit (b = 1.04−0.06+0.05) that results in a poorly constrained radius of 1.61−0.64+0.46 RJup. Additionally, TOI-615b is considered attractive for atmospheric studies via transmission spectroscopy with ground-based spectrographs and JWST. Future atmospheric and spin-orbit alignment observations are essential since they can provide information on the atmospheric composition, formation, and migration of exoplanets across various stellar types.
Design of smart learning environment monitoring system based on multi-mode
Authors: Zhou Ling , Wu Yuting , Qiu Siwei , Wang Jianjun
Published: May 2023

The traditional smart campus pays attention to improving the management efficiency and neglects to improve the learning effect. This paper studies that the physical factors of smart learning environment affect students' learning effect, and designs a monitoring system of smart learning environment. The sensor is used to sense the temperature, humidity and air quality of the learning environment. The microcontroller system processes the sensing information of the sensor, and the server analyzes the data and generates the physical environment report and equipment control information to build a multi-mode multi-user smart learning environment monitoring system.
Clock-offset computation method of space network aided by satellite clock prediction
Authors: Bao Yachuan , Yang Menghuan , Li Jianjia
Published: May 2023

A novel network clock-offset resolution method for space network is proposed in the paper. In the process of clock-offset resolution based on the network inter-node measurement data, the prediction of satellite clock result is used as the priori information. A double weighted control is made with the consideration of the point clock performance and the measurement performance, and better measurement error suppression effect is achieved. The results of simulation experiment indicated that network clock-offset resolution result with better stability and accuracy is achieved compared with the traditional Least Squares method in different scenarios.
Accuracy of acetabular component alignment with surgical guidance systems during hip arthroplasty
Authors: Xu Joshua , Veltman Ewout S. , Chai Yuan , Walter William L.
Published: May 2023

Background: Navigation in total hip arthroplasty has been shown to improve acetabular positioning and can decrease the incidence of mal-positioned acetabular components. This study aimed to assess two surgical guidance systems by comparing intra-operative measurements of acetabular component inclination and anteversion with a post-operative CT scan. Methods: We prospectively collected intra-operative navigation data from 102 hips receiving conventional THA or hip resurfacing arthroplasty through either a direct anterior or posterior approach. Two guidance systems were used simultaneously: an inertial navigation system (INS) and an optical navigation system (ONS). Acetabular component anteversion and inclination were measured on a post-operative CT. Results: The average age of the patients was 64 years (range: 24–92) and the average BMI was 27 kg/m2 (range 19–38). 52% had hip surgery through an anterior approach. 98% of the INS measurements and 88% of the ONS measurements were within 10° of the CT measurements. The mean (and standard deviation) of the absolute difference between the postoperative CT and the intra-operative measurements for inclination and anteversion were 3.0° (2.8) and 4.5° (3.2) respectively for the ONS, along with 2.1° (2.3) and 2.4° (2.1) respectively for the INS. There was a significantly lower mean absolute difference to CT for the INS when compared to ONS in both anteversions (p < 0.001) and inclination (p = 0.02). Conclusions: We found that both inertial and optical navigation systems allowed for adequate acetabular positioning as measured on postoperative CT, and thus provide reliable intraoperative feedback for optimal acetabular component placement.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level II.
Selbstberichtete Kindesmisshandlungen im Vergleich zwischen Ost- und
Westdeutschland
Authors: Spitzer Carsten , Lübke Laura , Müller Sascha , Knorr Stefanie , Flemming Eva
Published: May 2023

Ziel der Studie Das sozioökologische Modell betont die Relevanz
politischer, kultureller und ökonomischer Sozialisationseffekte
für die Prävalenz von Kindesmisshandlungen. Diese werden durch
einen Vergleich von Kindesmisshandlungen zwischen ost- und westdeutschen
Probanden, die vor der Wende volljährig wurden, untersucht.

Methodik Eine bezüglich Alter, Geschlechtsverteilung und Einkommen
repräsentative Allgemeinbevölkerungsstichprobe wurde zu
Kindesmisshandlungen befragt.

Ergebnisse Von 507 Probanden gaben 22,5% an, in der DDR
sozialisiert worden zu sein. Diese Studienteilnehmer berichteten signifikant
weniger emotionalen Missbrauch als die 77,5%, die in der BRD
groß geworden sind. Die ost- und westdeutschen Probanden unterschieden
sich in keiner anderen Misshandlungsform.

Schlussfolgerung Unsere Befunde unterstreichen die Bedeutung von
Sozialisations- und Enkulturationseffekten auf das Gedächtnis, die bei
der Interpretation der Ergebnisse zu berücksichtigen sind.
Effects of Exercise Intensity on Cardiometabolic Parameters of
Ovariectomized Obese Mice
Authors: Dos-Santos Adriano , do Nascimento Carvalho Bruno , Da Costa-Santos Nicolas , Mello-Silva Fernanda Queiroz de , Pereira Abel de Assis , Jesus Ney Roberto de , De Angelis Kátia , Irigoyen Maria Claudia , Bernardes Nathalia , Caperuto Erico Chagas , Scapini Katia Bilhar , Sanches Iris Callado
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of continuous-moderate vs.
high-intensity interval aerobic training on cardiovascular and metabolic
parameters in ovariectomized high-fat-fed mice. C57BL/6 female
ovariectomized were divided into four groups (n=8): low-fat-fed
sedentary (SLF); high-fat-fed sedentary (SHF); high-fat-fed moderate-intensity
continuous trained (MICT-HF); and high-fat-fed high-intensity interval aerobic
trained (HIIT-HF). The high-fat diet lasted 10 weeks. Ovariectomy was performed
in the fourth week. The exercise training was carried out in the last four weeks
of protocol. Fasting glycemia, oral glucose tolerance, arterial pressure,
baroreflex sensitivity, and cardiovascular autonomic modulation were evaluated.
Moderate-intensity continuous training prevented the increase in arterial
pressure and promoted a reduction in HR at rest, associated with an improvement
in the sympathovagal balance in MICT-HF vs. SHF. The high-intensity interval
training reduced blood glucose and glucose intolerance in HIIT-HF vs. SHF and
MICT-HF. In addition, it improved sympathovagal balance in HIIT-HF vs. SHF.
Moderate-intensity continuous training was more effective in promoting
cardiovascular benefits, while high-intensity interval training was more
effective in promoting metabolic benefits.
Aktivitäten der Sektion Gewebetransplantation und Biotechnologie der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft: Leistungsbericht 2021
Authors: Reinshagen Helga , Böhringer Daniel , Schroeter Jan , Maier Philip Christian
Published: May 2023

Die Sektion Gewebetransplantation und Biotechnologie der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft (DOG) legt ihren 11. Leistungsbericht des Jahres 2021 vor. Die Anzahl der eingeworbenen Augenhornhäute ist im Vergleich zu den Vorjahren leicht ansteigend. Dennoch besteht immer noch ein Bedarf für Import aus dem Ausland, somit ist der Transplantatengpass immer noch nicht beseitigt.
Practical Synthesis of Pent-4-yn-1-ol and Pent-4-en-1-ol from Tetrahydrofurfuryl Halides
Authors: Saito Katsuya , Sawazaki Tomoya , Furusawa Osamu , Kosugi Teruo , Kimura Yoshikazu , Kirihara Masayuki
Published: May 2023

Pent-4-yn-1-ol was prepared in a high yield by the reaction of tetrahydrofurfuryl chloride with n-BuLi in t-BuOMe at 0 °C. Pent-4-en-1-ol was prepared in a high yield by either the reaction of tetrahydrofurfuryl chloride or tetrahydrofurfuryl bromide with lithium in tetrahydrofuran at temperatures from 0 °C to ambient temperature.
Changes in Therapy and Outcome of Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for COVID-19
Authors: Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Hettlich Vincent Hendrik , Kindgen-Milles Detlef , Brandenburger Timo , Feldt Torsten , Aubin Hug , Tudorache Igor , Akhyari Payam , Lichtenberg Artur , Dalyanoglu Hannan , Boeken Udo
Published: May 2023

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) is related with poor outcome, especially in Germany. We aimed to analyze whether changes in vv-ECMO therapy during the pandemic were observed and lead to changes in the outcome of vv-ECMO patients.

Methods All patients undergoing vv-ECMO support for COVID-19 between 2020 and 2021 in a single center (n = 75) were retrospectively analyzed. Weaning from vv-ECMO and in-hospital mortality were defined as primary and peri-interventional adverse events as secondary endpoints of the study.

Results During the study period, four infective waves were observed in Germany. Patients were assigned correspondingly to four study groups: ECMO implantation between March 2020 and September 2020: first wave (n = 11); October 2020 to February 2021: second wave (n = 23); March 2021 to July 2021: third wave (n = 25); and August 2021 to December 2021: fourth wave (n = 20). Preferred cannulation technique changed within the second wave from femoro-femoral to femoro-jugular access (p < 0.01) and awake ECMO was implemented. Mean ECMO run time increased by more than 300% from 10.9 ± 9.6 (first wave) to 44.9 ± 47.0 days (fourth wave). Weaning of patients was achieved in less than 20% in the first wave but increased to approximately 40% since the second one. Furthermore, we observed a continuous numerically decrease of in-hospital mortality from 81.8 to 57.9% (p = 0.61).

Conclusion Preference for femoro-jugular cannulation and awake ECMO combined with preexisting expertise and patient selection are considered to be associated with increased duration of ECMO support and numerically improved ECMO weaning and in-hospital mortality.
Combination algorithms applied to source reconstruction for neutron coded images and restoration for incomplete coded images
Authors: Li Qiukai , Yan Yadong , Wang Feng , He Junhua
Published: May 2023

The neutron emission of compressed capsules filled with fuels in inertial confinement fusion implosions can be measured by neutron imaging systems. Source reconstruction is an important method in coded-aperture imaging. In this paper, we use a combination algorithm to reconstruct the neutron source image. This method can improve the resolution and signal–noise ratio of the reconstructed image. In addition, the ray tracing method is used to obtain the point spread functions of the whole field of view (250 µm), and thus, the system response can be obtained. The edge gray interpolation method is used to restore the missing portion of incomplete coded images. The method can maintain a good performance when the missing-data angle is limited to less than 50°.
Flatfielding of hybrid pixel detectors in tender x-ray scattering
Authors: Freychet Guillaume , Zhernenkov Mikhail
Published: May 2023

The ability of the soft matter interfaces beamline at National Synchrotron Light Source II to access x-ray energy in the tender x-ray regime, i.e., from 2.1 to 5 keV, enables new resonant x-ray scattering studies at the sulfur K-edge and others. We present a new approach to correct data acquired in the tender x-ray regime with a Pilatus3 detector in order to improve the data quality and to correct the various artifacts inherent to hybrid pixel detectors, such as variations in modules’ efficiency or noisy detector module junctions. This new flatfielding significantly enhances the data quality and enables detection of weak scattering signals.
Prediction of virus survival timescales in surrogate respiratory sessile droplets
Authors: Brondi Cosimo , Di Novo Nicolò G. , Pugno Nicola M. , Mensitieri Giuseppe , Fraldi Massimiliano
Published: May 2023

The spreading of respiratory diseases through deposited saliva droplets is strongly dependent on the water evaporation process that may determine the virus viability due to the increase in concentration of nonvolatile compounds that are harmful for the virus. The drying time of a virus-laden droplet is influenced by environmental conditions, such as relative humidity and temperature, physical properties, such as the features of the surface on which it is deposited, and the wetting regime. Under this perspective, we addressed the modeling of an evaporating sessile droplet resting on a flat smooth surface, extending a previous diffusion-based model from the same authors. The evaporation behavior of sessile droplets of aqueous sodium chloride solutions and the virus viability of a surrogate virus (MS2) have been simulated considering different wetting regimes to account for different types of surfaces, ranging from highly hydrophilic to highly hydrophobic, as well as different ambient conditions, in terms of temperature and relative humidity. The results of calculations were given in terms of time evolution of contact angle, contact radius, mixture volume, and salt concentration, unveiling the importance of different wetting regimes for evaporation behavior and drying time. Longer evaporation times have been observed as temperature decreases and relative humidity increases. With reference to a surrogate virus, we evaluated the virus viability at different selected conditions, observing the classical U-shape of relative viability as a function of relative humidity of the environment at a certain temperature.
Numerical simulation and analysis of contact erosion by high-current and low-voltage air arc considering the movement of arc
Authors: Wang Yujie , Xu Nuo , Wang Lijun
Published: May 2023

When a low-voltage circuit breaker (LVCB) breaks a high current, the contact erosion caused by the arc greatly reduces the LVCB’s breaking performance and service lifetime. Therefore, this paper uses AgW alloy contacts as a research object, which are commonly used for breaking high currents, and establishes a contact erosion model for an LVCB with a breaking current of 14 kA. The model considers the energy balance of a contact surface and uses a solidification and melting model and a dynamic mesh model to deal with the phase transition problem of the contact material and introduces the arc movement into this model. Using this model, the contact melting and evaporation width, erosion depth, erosion rate, and erosion mass are calculated when Ag and AgW30 and AgW70 alloys are used as contact materials. The influence of W-content on the erosion characteristics of a contact is analyzed. The results show that, although the introduction of element W significantly reduces the erosion mass, it advances the time when the melting point and boiling point are reached. The position, width, and depth of the melting pool and melting layer thickness change with the movement of the arc. In the process of contact erosion considering the movement of the arc, the introduction of W element will increase the width of the molten pool and the solidification time of the molten material. Especially when the mass percentage of element W in the contact material reached 70%, the solidification time of the molten material greatly increased, which weakened the welding resistance of the contact.
The phase range extension and accuracy improvement in Fresnel biprism-based digital holography microscopy
Authors: Nourzadeh Hasti , Lotfi Maryam , Cabrera Humberto , Crespo Maria Liz , Dashtdar Masoomeh
Published: May 2023

We report a highly stable and affordable dual-wavelength digital holographic microscopy system based on common-path geometry. A Fresnel biprism is used to create an off-axis geometry, and two diode laser sources with different wavelengths λ1 = 532 nm and λ2 = 650 nm generate the dual-wavelength compound hologram. In order to extend the measurement range, the phase distribution is obtained using a synthetic wavelength Λ1 = 2930.5 nm. Furthermore, to improve the system's temporal stability and reduce speckle noise, a shorter wavelength (Λ2 = 292.5 nm) is used. The feasibility of the proposed configuration is validated by the experimental results obtained with Molybdenum trioxide, Paramecium, and red blood cell specimens.
Broadband achromatic acoustic vortex generator based on integrated-resonant meta-atoms
Authors: Cheng Ze-qi , Chen An , Yang Jing , Liang Bin , Cheng Jian-chun
Published: May 2023

Acoustic vortex generator based on metamaterials is of great importance in acoustic communication, particle manipulation, and other applications. However, most of these applications are limited by narrow bandwidth due to strong dispersion. In this work, we numerically and experimentally present a broadband achromatic acoustic vortex generator (BAAVG) based on integrated-resonant meta-atoms (IRMs). The proposed IRMs, composed of a straight channel with side-loaded resonators and a large cavity, demonstrate linear phase shifts with high transmission efficiency and guarantee the existence of broadband vortex resulting from constant phase difference between adjacent IRMs. Based on the proposed BAAVG, conversion from plane wave to high purity vortex (with average purity 0.9) is demonstrated from 2187 to 2787 Hz. Good agreement between numerical and experimental results verifies the effectiveness of the proposed BAAVG. The high vortex purity of BAAVG exhibits broadband conversion properties quantitatively compared with traditional acoustic vortex generator. Our study provides an avenue to construct broadband achromatic acoustic vortex generators, which advances the capability of designing broadband acoustic vortex beams for versatile applications.
Photochromic samarium oxyhydride thin films
Authors: Chaykina Diana , Colombi Giorgio , Schreuders Herman , Dam Bernard
Published: May 2023

Photochromism has been reported for several rare-earth (RE) metal oxyhydride thin films and is characterized by a reversible darkening of the sample when exposed to light with energy greater than its optical bandgap. Here, we extend the range of known photochromic RE-oxyhydrides to include samarium oxyhydrides. These SmH3−2xOx thin films are made by reactive magnetron sputtering of as-deposited SmH1.9+δ and post-oxidation in the air to the oxyhydride phase. The deposition pressure during sputtering is used to control the resultant properties of the Sm-oxyhydride film, such as the optical bandgap, cubic lattice constant, photochromic contrast, and photochromic bleaching speed. Using Sm as the RE-cation results in slower bleaching speeds compared to other lanthanides. We posit that this is due to the stability of the Sm2+ state and the difficulty to oxidizing it back to the original RE3+ state. This points to the key role of the RE-cation charge state for the optical properties of the material.
High speed water droplet impact erosive behavior on dry and wet pulsed waterjet treated surfaces
Authors: Nastic A. , Vijay M. , Tieu A. , Jodoin B.
Published: May 2023

During water droplet impact onto a dry or wet rough solid surface, several phenomena affect the surface erosion process, such as splashing, crown formation, and small droplet emission to name a few. These phenomena have been extensively studied for various simple target surface geometries. However, droplet impact studies on complex irregular and asymmetric target surface topographies resulting from a waterjet treatment have never been conducted. Furthermore, very limited reports are found on the role of target surface topography and water droplet deformation development on the resulting target stress state. In the present study, high speed droplet impingements on surfaces exhibiting coarse topographical features associated with ultrasonic pulsed waterjet treatment are modeled to understand the underlying mechanisms causing erosion. Impacts on surfaces with various roughness values and water film thicknesses are modeled using a three-dimensional coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian approach. A detailed comparative analysis of the model with experimental ultrasonic pulsed waterjet erosion features and material loss is provided. It was found that the synclastic curvature of the modeled coarse surface features increases the shock wave's strength as many compression wavelets are simultaneously emitted at each water droplet contact location with the surface, resulting in concentrated high-pressure zones. The ultrasonic pulsed waterjet treated surface features and water film thickness also greatly influence the onset of water droplet splashing, subsequent finger, secondary droplet characteristics, and crown stability. According to the numerical results, strong splashing patterns and droplet breakup are generated and create high stress zones capable of accelerating surface erosion, explaining the enhanced performance of ultrasonic pulsed waterjet process.
Thermal decomposition of trimethylindium and indium trisguanidinate precursors for InN growth: An ab initio and kinetic modeling study
Authors: Damas Giane B. , Rönnby Karl , Pedersen Henrik , Ojamäe Lars
Published: May 2023

Indium nitride (InN) is an interesting material for future electronic and photonic-related applications, as it combines high electron mobility and low-energy band gap for photoabsorption or emission-driven processes. In this context, atomic layer deposition techniques have been previously employed for InN growth at low temperatures (typically <350 °C), reportedly yielding crystals with high quality and purity. In general, this technique is assumed to not involve any gas phase reactions as a result from the time-resolved insertion of volatile molecular sources into the gas chamber. Nonetheless, such temperatures could still favor the precursor decomposition in the gas phase during the In half-cycle, therefore altering the molecular species that undergoes physisorption and, ultimately, driving the reaction mechanism to pursue other pathways. Thence, we herein evaluate the thermal decomposition of relevant In precursors in the gas phase, namely, trimethylindium (TMI) and tris(N,N′-diisopropyl-2-dimethylamido-guanidinato) indium (III) (ITG), by means of thermodynamic and kinetic modeling. According to the results, at T = 593 K, TMI should exhibit partial decomposition of ∼8% after 400 s to first generate methylindium and ethane (C2H6), a percentage that increases to ∼34% after 1 h of exposure inside the gas chamber. Therefore, this precursor should be present in an intact form to undergo physisorption during the In half-cycle of the deposition (<10 s). On the other hand, the ITG decomposition starts already at the temperatures used in the bubbler, in which it slowly decomposes as it is evaporated during the deposition process. At T = 300 °C, the decomposition is a fast process that reaches 90% completeness after 1 s and where equilibrium, at which almost no ITG remains, is achieved before 10 s. In this case, the decomposition pathway is likely to occur via elimination of the carbodiimide ligand. Ultimately, these results should contribute for a better understanding of the reaction mechanism involved in the InN growth from these precursors.
TREXIO: A file format and library for quantum chemistry
Authors: Posenitskiy Evgeny , Chilkuri Vijay Gopal , Ammar Abdallah , Hapka Michał , Pernal Katarzyna , Shinde Ravindra , Landinez Borda Edgar Josué , Filippi Claudia , Nakano Kosuke , Kohulák Otto , Sorella Sandro , de Oliveira Castro Pablo , Jalby William , Ríos Pablo López , Alavi Ali , Scemama Anthony
Published: May 2023

TREXIO is an open-source file format and library developed for the storage and manipulation of data produced by quantum chemistry calculations. It is designed with the goal of providing a reliable and efficient method of storing and exchanging wave function parameters and matrix elements, making it an important tool for researchers in the field of quantum chemistry. In this work, we present an overview of the TREXIO file format and library. The library consists of a front-end implemented in the C programming language and two different back-ends: a text back-end and a binary back-end utilizing the hierarchical data format version 5 library, which enables fast read and write operations. It is compatible with a variety of platforms and has interfaces for Fortran, Python, and OCaml programming languages. In addition, a suite of tools have been developed to facilitate the use of the TREXIO format and library, including converters for popular quantum chemistry codes and utilities for validating and manipulating data stored in TREXIO files. The simplicity, versatility, and ease of use of TREXIO make it a valuable resource for researchers working with quantum chemistry data.
Trade-offs between number fluctuations and response in nonequilibrium chemical reaction networks
Authors: Chun Hyun-Myung , Horowitz Jordan M.
Published: May 2023

We study the response of chemical reaction networks driven far from equilibrium to logarithmic perturbations of reaction rates. The response of the mean number of a chemical species is observed to be quantitively limited by number fluctuations and the maximum thermodynamic driving force. We prove these trade-offs for linear chemical reaction networks and a class of nonlinear chemical reaction networks with a single chemical species. Numerical results for several model systems support the conclusion that these trade-offs continue to hold for a broad class of chemical reaction networks, though their precise form appears to sensitively depend on the deficiency of the network.
Photoluminescence performance of BaAl2O4:Eu2+ cyan phosphor ceramics
Authors: Yin Xiaomeng , Tian Yanna , Chen Jie , Yi Xuezhuan , Jiang Renjie , Zhang Dawei , Lin Hui , Zhou Shengming , Bai Sachuronggui
Published: May 2023

Ba1−xAl2O4:xEu2+ (x = 0.005–0.1) cyan phosphor ceramics have been fabricated by high-temperature vacuum sintering technology. Under excitation of 365 nm near ultraviolet (NUV) light, a broad emission band with an emission peak at 497 nm can be obtained. White light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) have been encapsulated by Ba0.9Al2O4:0.1Eu2+ phosphor ceramics, CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphors in glass, and NUV-LED chips. When the w-LEDs have been driven by 300 mA electricity, the obtained white light shows a correlated color temperature of 5050 K and color rendering index of 75, which indicates that the cyan BaAl2O4:Eu2+ ceramic phosphors have potential application in the field of full-spectrum lighting.
Low specific contact resistance between InAs/Ni–InAs evaluated by multi-sidewall TLM
Authors: Sumita Kei , Takeyasu Jun , Toprasertpong Kasidit , Takenaka Mitsuru , Takagi Shinichi
Published: May 2023

The specific contact resistance ρint of the InAs/Ni–InAs interface was evaluated by the multi-sidewall transmission line method (MSTLM), where Ni–InAs was formed by alloying Ni and InAs-on-insulator substrates. The revised test structure for MSTLM has been proposed, which can be easily fabricated. By evaluating each component of the parasitic resistance separately, the specific contact resistance of the InAs/Ni–InAs was accurately extracted. As a result, the record low ρint of (4.3 ± 2.5) × 10−9 Ω cm2 among metal/III-V contacts was obtained for the 30-nm-thick InAs/Ni–InAs interface with the average electron concentration of 9.1 × 1018 cm−3 for InAs, which is close to the Landauer limit. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical ρint indicates that there is no potential barrier at the InAs/Ni–InAs interface, which is attributable to the negative Schottky barrier height for electrons of InAs.
A theoretical investigation of magnetic susceptibility measurement of diamagnetic liquids using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Shulman David
Published: May 2023

In this study, we present a novel method for measuring the magnetic susceptibility of liquids using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The proposed technique employs a ring magnet to deform the liquid, while a laser beam passes through the liquid to measure the resulting interference pattern. The deformation of the liquid, caused by the known magnetic field of the ring magnet, is used to calculate the magnetic susceptibility. We provide a comprehensive theoretical framework, including the relevant equations and models, for analyzing the data obtained using this method. We compare the Mach–Zehnder interferometer method with other established techniques, highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. Our findings indicate that the Mach–Zehnder interferometer technique offers high accuracy, sensitivity, and potential applications in characterizing the magnetic properties of various liquid systems.
Uyghur speakers’ acquisition of Mandarin tones
Authors: Du Zhaojin , Chen Baoya
Published: May 2023

This paper, based on Chinese and Uyghur language contact data collected through fieldwork, discusses in detail Uyghur speakers’ acquisition of Mandarin tones. Uyghur speakers map the three native pitch accents from the Uyghur prosodic system, i.e. level, rise, and fall, to the four Mandarin tones. Initially, this mapping is random. As Chinese proficiency improves, the accent-tone mapping becomes stable. The pace, however, is not uniform for the four tones, due to competition among the three accents to map unto a given Mandarin tone. After accent-tone mapping becomes stable, the mapped accents will gradually approximate towards their target tones in pitch value, again at an uneven pace. This quantitative study reveals a two-step process in the emergence of Uyghur Chinese tones: (1) the phonological step of accent-tone mapping involving tonal categories, (2) the phonetic approximation to tonal target. A Uyghur accent does not map directly to a superficially similar tone based on pitch value.
Social status, contact history and the implosives in the Chinese
dialects of Hainan
Authors: Liu Chuntao
Published: May 2023

The Mandarin dialects spoken in former garrison towns and the
surrounding Southern Min and Cantonese dialects in the island of Hainan are
affected by the voiced implosive initials of the local indigenous Kra-Dai
languages in different ways. The garrison dialects with low social status
developed the implosives, like the Southern Min and Cantonese dialects that
pre-dated the establishment of the garrison towns. The garrison dialects with
high social status did not develop the implosives, blocking the Chinese dialects
that arrived later from getting them. The prestigious garrison dialects also
serve as the source of loanwords for the regional Southern Min and Cantonese
dialects.
Surface DBD degradation in humid air, and a hybrid surface-volume DBD for robust plasma operation at high humidity
Authors: Avino F , Howling A A , Von Allmen M , Waskow A , Ibba L , Han J , Furno I
Published: May 2023

Surface dielectric barrier discharge performance deteriorates in humid air, with permanent and/or reversible degradation of its components. Plasma operation in a humid environment is unavoidable when humid air or water-containing materials are treated. Experimental and numerical results indicate that an electrically conductive thin film of water is responsible for ohmic dissipation and inhibited plasma ignition at high relative humidity. An alternative hybrid surface-volume dielectric barrier discharge design provides more stable and uniform plasma operation in high-humidity atmospheres.