bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВПЛИВ КУЛЬТУРНИХ КОНТЕКСТІВ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ АНГЛОМОВНОЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНО ОРІЄНТОВАНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В ГОВОРІННІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ У ПОЛІНАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ГРУПАХ
Authors:   ДВНЗ «Ужгородський національний університет», Вайнагій Тетяна
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the specification and argumentation of the influence of cultural contexts on the formation of English professionally oriented competence in speech of future doctors who study in polynational groups. Analysis of relevant research has revealed that while most scientific publications consider some aspects of intercultural communication in the context of professional activity or features of language training of students in multinational groups, the issues of English professionally oriented competence formation in polynational groups remain unresolved. Aim of the Study. The purpose of the article is to explain the causes of difficulties in the process of performing professionally oriented communicative tasks in English and outline ways to establish pair and group work of students in polynational groups in order to increase their learning productivity. The stated purpose of the study has led to the choice of the following research methods: 1) theoretical analysis of the scientific sources to define the meaning of the concept of “cultural contexts” and establish the features of polynational groups of students; 2) comparative analysis of verbal and nonverbal behaviour of representatives of high-context and low-context cultures; 3) scientific observation of the course of English professionally oriented speech training of students in polynational groups. Results. It has been determined that the reason for frequent misunderstandings among students of polynational groups while performing pair and group tasks on professionally oriented speech is the division of cultures into high-context and low-context ones. Three levels of behaviour that differ among high-context and low-context cultures and therefore cause misunderstandings among students of polynational groups when performing English professionally oriented communicative tasks have been identified. Conclusions. Ways to optimize the formation of English professionally oriented competence in speech of students in polynational groups, taking into account their cultural differences, have been suggested.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕТОДУ ПРОЄКТІВ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ З ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ІНТЕРЕСУ ДО НАВЧАННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ У ЗВО
Authors:   Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка, Востоцька Ірина , Головченко Олексій , Титович Андрій
Published: February 2021

Project activity is creation of problematic situations, activation of students’ cognitive activity in search and solving of complex issues that require actualization of knowledge, construction of hypotheses. The method of projects is always focused on the independent activity of students (individual, paired, group), which they perform in the allotted time for this work. Project technology at physical education classes allow building learning on an active basis, through purposeful activity of the student, in accordance with his/her personal interest. When drafting a project, it transforms from object to subject of study, learns independently and actively influences the content of one’s own education. Such work makes it possible to realize that physical education classes are developed not only physically but also intellectually. The method of projects at physical education classes implies presence of the purpose, objectivity, initiative, originality of solution to the problems, extraordinary approaches, intensity of intellectual work, research experience and experience of self-education. It is noted that project activity is one of the mechanisms of developmental training aimed at developing independent research skills, promotes development of creative abilities and logical thinking, integrates the knowledge gained during the educational process and brings them to the solution of specific vital problems. The main feature of any project as a teaching procedure is joint creative cooperation between students and the teacher in the process of achieving the result.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ТЕРМІНУ «ГОТОВНІСТЬ» ДО ШКІЛЬНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors:   Кам’янець-Подільський національний університет імені Івана Огієнка, Бєлова Олена
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is to carry out a theoretical analysis of the term “readiness” and to reveal the essence of related concepts: “readiness to study”, “readiness for school”, “preparation for school”, “school maturity”. The main research method is theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature. The analysis of the research materials proved that the term “readiness” has a single key position, namely – a directed action, the desire to do something. From the content of the problem of studying the concept of “readiness” arise different interpretations: from a medical point of view it is the state, tone, mobilization of all psychophysical systems; from pedagogical – positive attitude to activity, awareness of educational motive, needs; setting for a certain behavior; from the psychological – the focus on the implementation of a particular action in the presence of relevant knowledge, skills and abilities; formation of psychological properties, without which it is impossible to successfully master the activity. Also, it is determined that there is no single position on the concept of “readiness” of the child for school. There are different and common views on this issue. The concept of “readiness to learn” is considered from two positions: the influence of general qualities and patterns on the development of the individual as a whole; selection of components (functional, cognitive, emotional, motivational, personal and social) that indicate readiness for school. “Readiness for school” is determined by the degree of formation of physical, physiological and mental qualities of the child, is determined by a complex structural entity of the individual – his new qualities: his own position, the need for significance. “School preparation” is based on general and special training. Their interaction determines the components of readiness (mental, intellectual, emotional, volitional, social, personal, moral, physical) of a child of older preschool age to acquire new school knowledge, Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології, 2020, № 7 (101) 156 skills and abilities and to gain new knowledge, skills and abilities at school. The “school maturity” of a preschooler is a psychophysiological aspect of organic maturation, namely the formation of the morphological-physiological and mental system (intellectual, emotional and socio-personal). In the future it is planned to consider the psychological and pedagogical components of the readiness of older preschool children for school
МЕТОДИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА АНГЛОМОВНИХ АВТЕНТИЧНИХ ТЕКСТІВ ПЕРІОДИЧНИХ ОН-ЛАЙН ВИДАНЬ ЯК МАТЕРІАЛУ ДЛЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В ЧИТАННІ УЧНІВ ПРОФІЛЬНОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors:   Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка, Подосиннікова Гання , Огієнко Дар’я
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Nowadays the society puts high demands to the level of reading competence of profiled school students that requires applying new effective educational technologies. The English authentic texts of online edition present a panoramic view of the national culture, a wide choice of authentic vocabulary and grammar structures, as well as a variety of motivating, thought-provoking information that is interesting and meaningful to students and meets their needs and interests. When used in teaching reading in profiled senior school, this type of texts develops critical thinking, stimulates the mental activity. Purpose. The article tackles the problem of forming reading competence of profiled school students with the help of English authentic texts of online editions. Methods. The study provides theoretical substantiation backed up with results of empirical research for organizing the process of forming reading competence of profiled senior school students with the help of English authentic texts of online editions. Results. The article contains an overview of the modern scientific ideas regarding the problem of forming reading competence of profiled senior school students with the help of English authentic texts of online editions. It defines the aim and the structural components of reading competence of the profiled school students and considers the advantages of using English authentic texts of on-line editions. Dealing with the notion of text authenticity it also dwells upon characteristics of authenticity peculiar to English authentic texts of online editions. The interactive foreign language teaching and its techniques are suggested as a methodological bases and tool adequate to the tasks of forming reading competence of profiled school students using English authentic texts of online editions. Conclusion. The research has shown that English authentic texts of online editions are an effective means of forming reading competence of profiled school students. English authentic texts of online editions have a powerful lingua-sociocultural, psychological and pedagogical potential; when used as teaching material, authentic texts of newspaper and magazine publications stimulate learners’ motivation and interest to the country of the target language that increases the effectiveness of forming reading competence of profiled school students.
СТАТИСТИЧНА ОБРОБКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СИСТЕМИ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНIХ МОЛОДШИХ СПЕЦІАЛІСТІВ СЕСТРИНСЬКОЇ СПРАВИ
Authors:   Фаховий медичний коледж комунального закладу вищої освіти «Рівненська медична академія» Рівненської обласної ради, Демянчук Михайло
Published: February 2021

The purpose of article is in outlining the methods of proving the reliability of the results, obtained in the process of verifying the effectiveness of the updated system of vocational training of future junior specialists in nursing in colleges. In order to provide a comparative analysis of statistical data reflecting the results of the experimental study, the numerical indicators, obtained at the stages of input and final control were compared. The statistical data, reflected in tables and figures, indicate the levels of formation of each component of readiness for professional activity of future junior specialists in nursing, who studied in control and experimental groups. To prove the reliability of experimental results the methods of mathematical statistics, used in pedagogy, in particular, the calculation of Fisher criterion (F-criterion) and comparative analysis of its standard and empirical indicators were used. It has been determined that the indicator of Femp-CG with values from 1,21 to 1,24 is beyond probability, so a slight increase in the level of formation of each component and in general the readiness of future junior specialists in nursing for professional activity in CG is related to the conditions of traditional process of study. F-criterion for the experimental groups (Femp-EG) has the values from 1,39 to 1,44, which is within the indicators of the standard table. Therefore, the results of the study are reliable and confirm the reliability of the conducted research and experimental work. Thus, the effectiveness of training of future junior specialists in nursing in colleges depends on the purposeful implementation of the system of vocational training of future junior specialists in nursing. The results of experimental study are confirmed by reliable indicators, which are verified using the methods of mathematical statistics. We see further scientific researches in the continued improvement of the system of vocational training of future junior specialists in nursing in colleges in order of comprehensive formation of their readiness for professional activity.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МОВЛЕННЄВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНІХ ДІЯЧІВ МИСТЕЦТВ
Authors:   Харківський національний економічний університет імені Семена Кузнеця, Будянська Вікторія , Мариківська Галина ,   Харківський національний университет внутрішніх справ
Published: February 2021

Tendencies to the globalization of modern society, the importance of harmonious international cooperation determines the need for the education system of Ukraine related to highly educated cultural citizens capable of effective communicative interaction. The achievement of such interaction is facilitated by the use of linguistic games in classes in higher education institutions. The provided article is devoted to the problem of using linguistic games in professional Ukrainian language classes in the process of training future artists. The purpose of the article is to prove the feasibility of using linguistic games in Ukrainian language classes for professional purposes in the process of training future artists. The objectives of the study: 1) to prove the relevance of this problem; 2) to reveal the essence of the terms “speech culture”, “language competence”, “linguistic competence”; 3) to analyze the method of “linguistic game”; 4) to show examples of the use of linguistic games in the process of training future artists; 5) to conclude about the appropriateness of the use of linguistic games in the training of future artists; 6) to determine the priority areas of this study. To implement the tasks, the following theoretical research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, generalization of psychological and pedagogical, methodological sources. An effective means of forming speech culture, in particular linguistic and language competences of students, is the performance of a special set of speech exercises and tasks. We consider it necessary to use receptive, productive exercises in classes. These exercises should be offered by the teacher in a certain set, which provides an order of increasing complexity of tasks, the relationship with different types of speech activity. It is expediently enough to add another type of exercises - creative exercises that help students show creativity as the ability to be creative, the ability to make non-standard decisions and create fundamentally new ideas. A perspective area of this study is the development of a system of linguistic games that can be used in classes in the Ukrainian language of professional orientation in the training of specialists in any field, in particular in future artists training.
Žitarice i
mlinski proizvodi kao dobar izvor
magnezija u svakodnevnoj prehrani
Authors: Brkić Danijel , Jajetić Andrea , Racz Aleksandar , Benić Marijan , Pavlek Željka , Kuharić Željka , Šabarić Jasenka , Prskalo Ivana , Bošnir Jasna
Published: February 2021

Žitarice predstavljaju
najrasprostranjeniju i najvažniju kulturu za prehranu ljudi. Važne su i kao sirovina u prehrambenoj
industriji te čine osnovu piramide prehrane. Mlinski
proizvodi također predstavljaju osnovne
prehrambene proizvode. Glavni su mlinski proizvodi prekrupa, krupica i brašno. Magnezij je mineral koji je
iznimno važan element u ljudskom organizmu.
Zauzima četvrto mjesto po zastupljenosti
kationa u organizmu te je drugi najčešći u stanicama. Ima važnu ulogu za katalitičku aktivnost više od 300 enzima u enzimatskim
sustavima. Najvažniji je za pravilan rad srca te kao
regulator fosfora i kalcija u kostima. Cilj je ovog rada utvrditi količinu magnezija u odabranim žitaricama i mlinskim proizvodima te
prikazati zdravstvenu dobrobit magnezija. Tijekom analize sastava žitarica i mlinskih proizvoda analizirano
je sveukupno 28 uzoraka. Od toga je bilo pet uzoraka kukuruza u zrnu, sedam
uzoraka pšenice, 11 uzoraka pšeničnog brašna, brašno od integralne heljde bez
glutena, zobena kaša, prosena kaša, kaša zobi, ječma i pira te kaša riže, kukuruza i heljde. Analiza je provedena
na Nastavnom zavodu za javno zdravstvo „Dr. Andrija Štampar”.
Magnezij je nakon digestije s nitratnom kiselinom i vodikovim peroksidom u
mikrovalnoj pećnici određen induktivno spregnutom plazmom s
masenom spektrometrijom (ICP-MS). Količine magnezija u žitaricama iznosile su od 81,92 mg / 100 g do 145,21 mg /
100 g za pšenicu te od 111,68 mg / 100 g do 145,21
mg / 100 g za kukuruz. Prosječna vrijednost magnezija iznosila je
105,81 mg / 100 g za uzorke pšenice te 133,72 mg / 100 g za
uzorke kukuruza u zrnu. Količina magnezija utvrđena u pšeničnom brašnu kretala se u rasponu od 23,17 mg
/ 100 g do 60,41 mg / 100 g, dok je srednja vrijednost magnezija iznosila 34,56
mg / 100 g. Količina magnezija u brašnu od integralne heljde bez glutena
iznosila je 226,32 mg / 100 g. Utvrđena količina magnezija u zobenoj kaši, prosenoj kaši, kaši zobi, ječma i pira te kaši riže, kukuruza i heljde kretala se u rasponu
od 76,77 mg / 100 g do 153,61 mg / 100 g. Srednja vrijednost magnezija za
uzorke kaše iznosila je 122,98 mg / 100 g.
The effects of screen size on subtitle layout preferences and comprehension across devices
Authors: Gerber-Morón Olivia , Soler-Vilageliu Olga , Castellà Judit
Published: February 2021

The present study sheds light on the possible effects that screen size can have on preferences and comprehension of audiovisual material content shown with subtitles. Three video excerpts with subtitles displayed on three devices with different screen size (monitor, tablet, and smartphone) were presented to 30 participants, who were asked to fill out preference and comprehension questionnaires after viewing the subtitled film excerpt. The aim of this study was to provide new empirical evidence on viewers’ needs and preferences of readability by analyzing the reception of subtitles across screens. The results obtained indicate that smartphone devices had the most unsatisfactory effects, suggesting the need to undertake further research on small screens to improve subtitling reading performance and adapt subtitles according to the screen size.
Eliza HAYWOOD, «Anti-Pamela; o, el descubrimiento de la falsa pureza»
Authors: Aparicio Alfaro Nora
Published: February 2021

El pasaje que traduciremos a continuación pertenece a la obra publicada en 1741, Anti-Pamela; or, Feign’d Innocence Detected, por la novelista inglesa Eliza Haywood (1693-1756) una de las personalidades literarias más atractivas del s. xviii. No se sabe con exactitud la fecha o el lugar de nacimiento de Haywood, aunque muchos la sitúan en 1693. Inició su carrera en Dublín, en un principio como actriz; sin embargo, más tarde, en 1719, comenzó a centrarse en la escritura con la publicación de su primera novela, Love in Excess (1719). A pesar del desconocimiento de su obra en nuestro país, pues tan solo se ha realizado una traducción al gallego de una de sus publicaciones en 2010, titulada A dama solitaria & fantomina (traducida por María Fe González Fernández), Haywood logró consagrarse como una de las novelistas más conocidas de su época en el panorama de la literatura inglesa de su tiempo.[1]

Por lo que respecta a su obra Anti-Pamela, la pretensión inicial de la autora al publicarla fue la de realizar una crítica jocosa de la novela epistolar más importante de la época, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded, publicada en 1740 por su coetáneo Samuel Richardson. La novela de Richardson gira en torno a Pamela, una humilde criada que rechaza las constantes e indecentes propuestas de su amo, el señor B, con el objetivo de proteger su virtud. Este comportamiento se ve más tarde recompensado a través de una propuesta de matrimonio por parte del señor B. Haywood realiza una crítica de los valores propuestos en esta novela, así como del personaje principal y las intenciones ocultas que se encuentran tras sus actos a través de la creación del personaje de Syrena, una joven criada cuyo juicio queda nublado por su ambición y codicia desmesuradas, dispuesta a hacer lo que sea para conseguir ascender en el escalafón social y llevar una vida acomodada y sin preocupaciones.

El extracto expuesto a continuación corresponde a la tercera carta que Syrena escribe a su madre, cómplice de sus fechorías y engaños, en la cual la protagonista expone el cruel engaño al que el señor L, un joven adinerado heredero de la fortuna de la familia para la que Syrena trabaja, se ha visto sometido. Este fragmento constituye una de las partes más importantes de la novela, pues realiza un retrato perfecto del comportamiento y la ambición sin límites tanto del personaje principal como de la madre de esta.

 

 

[1] Para mayor información, véase: Lorenzo Modia (1998), Ingrassia (2004: pp. 7-43), King (2015: en línea) o Enclyclopaedia Britannica (2019: en línea).
Temas transversales en acción
Authors: Abate Stella Maris , Orellano Verónica
Published: February 2021

El trabajo presenta un paneo de distintas denominaciones que han realizado colegas del campo de la pedagogía y del curriculum sobre la idea de temas transversales y controversiales en la educación. Se presentan seis  temas transversales  con potencia de ser abordados en clave controversial, los mismos surgen de conversaciones con colegas del campo curricular y con docentes  de nuestra universidad sobre distintas propuestas “en acto”. Asimismo se listan a modo de ejemplos espacios curriculares con apertura a alojar estos nuevos temas. Se cierra con una enumeración de acontecimientos y sujetos que impulsan la construcción de los temas presentados.
Algunos interrogantes sobre integrar las prácticas académicas: Reflexiones y Propuestas
Authors: Zavaro Pérez Carlos
Published: February 2021

Las prácticas integrales constituyen un formato que articula funciones académicas como la docencia, la investigación y la extensión bajo una síntesis que las excede y que, a su vez, integra disciplinas y actores sociales de la comunidad con las demandas en torno a los problemas que atraviesan el territorio y que constituyen insumos de la práctica. Algunas de las reflexiones y propuestas que conforman estas líneas recuperan aportes de una diversidad de experiencias que contribuyen a delinear colectivamente las trayectorias de un espacio que en sí mismo se vislumbra como académicamente revolucionario, por promover un aprendizaje situado con el propósito de formar sujetos integrales y comprometidos con la realidad y con la comunidad en la que aprenden y viven.
Chromium(VI) Heavy Metal Biosorption in Citarum River Water Sample Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus oryzae Biomass
Authors: Aeni Suci Rizki Nurul , Murtafi'ah Ni'matul , Handarini Handarini
Published: February 2021

The Citarum River was regarded as the World’s dirtiest river in 2018, characterized by a Basin situated adjacent to several textile and electroplating industries. Hexavalent chromium metal (Cr6+) is a toxic, carcinogenic heavy metal found in the wastes of these industries. Furthermore, biosorption with biological adsorbents, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus oryzae, is an alternative method for treating water polluted with heavy metals. This study therefore aims to adsorb Cr6 + heavy metals from Citarum River water using S. cerevisiae and R. oryzae biomass in two locations: Nanjung and Pangauban, with various biomass concentrations and stirring speeds. For this study, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 g of R. oryzae suspension, as well as 250, 500, and 750 µ of S. cerevisiae were used as adsorbent, while rotated at speeds of 250 rpm, 750 rpm and 1500 rpm. Subsequently, the Cr6 + metal content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 525 nm, and calculated based on a standard curve. The results showed S. cerevisiae and R. oryzae are able to reduce the levels of Cr6+ in Citarum river water. The most reduction was obtained with the highest concentration of the adsorbents, 750 µ for S. cerevisiae and 0.75 g for R. oryzae, at the speed of 1500 rpm. S. cerevisiae and R. oryzae have great potential as biosorbents for the in situ remediation of Citarum River contaminated with heavy metals.
The Potential Role of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol as ACE Inhibitors in Silico Study
Authors: Bare Yohanes , Helvina Maria , Krisnamurti Gabriella Chandrakirana , S Mansur
Published: February 2021

Hypertension has become the third highest cause of death in Indonesia. The condition is correlated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and possibly managed with the use of drugs. In addition, some natural compounds, including 6-shogaol and 6-gingerol from ginger, are used to decrease blood pressure. However, the mechanism and binding site of these compounds to ACE protein is currently unclear. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the potential role of these compounds as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The ACE protein was downloaded from Protein Data Bank (PDB) database with the ID: 3bkk, while the 6-shogaol (CID: 5281794) and 6-gingerol (CID: 44559528) ligands were obtained from the PubChem database. Meanwhile, molecular docking was established using HEX 8.0.0 software. The analysis examined the amino acid residues and the bonds formed from these interactions. According to the results, fourteen amino acid residues were formed by the interaction between 6-shogaol and ACE, while the interaction between 6-gingerol and ACE formed eight amino acids. Also, thirteen amino acid residues in the novelty binding site of ACE were discovered to be blocked by the ligands from ginger. Therefore, the compounds have potential roles as inhibitors, and this possibly helps to prevent regulation of the renin-angiotensin system. These interactions also formed hydrogen bonds, as well as electrostatic, unfavorable, and hydrophobic sites, making the binding stronger than others.
Um sveitakennara í Strandasýslu og Húnavatnssýslu 1887–1905
Authors: Guðmundsson Bragi
Published: February 2021

Greinin sem hér birtist byggir á gögnum um sveitakennara í tveimur sýslufélögum við Húnaflóa; Strandasýslu og Húnavatnssýslu, áður en formlegri skólaskyldu var komið á. Á Þjóðskjalasafni eru varðveittar fræðsluskýrslur frá 1887 vegna styrkumsókna sveitakennara og veita þær dýrmætar upplýsingar sem hægt er að nýta til margvíslegra athugana. Í rannsókninni sem hér er kynnt er áhersla lögð á að grafast fyrir um þá einstaklinga sem önnuðust kennsluna á árunum 1887–1905.Helstu niðurstöður eru að sveitakennarar í Strandasýslu voru mun færri en í Húnavatnssýslu. Ástæður eru aðallega tvær. Annars vegar var sú fyrrnefnda mun fólksfærri og eins virðist skipulögð sveitakennsla lítt eða ekki hafa farið fram í þremur nyrstu hreppum hennar; Árneshreppi, Kaldrananeshreppi og Hrófbergshreppi, en var nokkuð regluleg er sunnar kom. Hlutfall karl- og kvenkennara á Húnaflóasvæðinu var á pari við það sem gerðist meðal sveitakennara í landinu öllu fræðsluárið 1903–1904. Aftur á móti var hlutfall kvenkennara allmiklu hærra í báðum sýslum sé allt tímabilið 1887–1905 borið saman við landshlutfallið 1903–1904. Sjö af hverjum tíu sveitakennurum í Húnavatnssýslu höfðu hlotið einhverja formlega menntun en 36% þeirra sem kenndu í Strandasýslu. Flestir skólagengnu piltanna sóttu sitt nám í gagnfræða- eða búnaðarskóla en stúlkurnar í kvennaskóla. Bæði kven- og karlkennarar voru heldur yngri á Húnaflóasvæðinu en kollegar þeirra á landinu í heild miðað við árið 1901. Allar stúlkurnar voru 34 ára eða yngri og 74% karlanna. Í heild voru tæp 80% kennaranna við Húnaflóa á þeim aldri. Flestir kennararnir entust illa í starfinu. Vel innan við helmingur karlkennaranna gerðist bændur að aðalstarfi en aðeins 22% kvenkennaranna urðu húsfreyjur í sveit. Að minnsta kosti fjórir karlar og sex konur gerðu kennslu að aðalævistarfi af þeim 102 kennurum sem vitað er um við Húnaflóa á árunum 1887–1905 og nokkur til viðbótar komust nálægt því.
Adicción a internet e inteligencia emocional: análisis de una relación
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Rodríguez Góngora Josefina , Rodríguez Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: February 2021

La accesibilidad y el aumento del uso de internet ha llevado en los últimos años a realizar numerosas investigaciones, dirigidas principalmente a establecer si el uso de este recurso es o no saludable para los ciudadanos. Se han correlacionados numerosas variables, entre ellas la Inteligencia Emocional y se ha intentado determinar el papel que representa dentro de las posibles adicciones. En este estudio intentamos ver la influencia que tiene la inteligencia emocional sobre el uso abusivo de internet o del móvil. Para ello, hemos encuestado a 547 sujetos, que nos han contestado a dos cuestionaros para medir el uso abusivo del móvil e internet y la inteligencia emocional. A pesar de haber obtenido resultados con puntuaciones dentro de parámetros normales, se ha encontrado una correlación negativa entre la inteligencia emocional y el uso abusivo de internet y móvil, con diferenciación significativa entre hombres y mujeres. Se propone la realización de investigaciones mas profundas, con diferentes instrumentos que corroboren los resultados, y la puesta en marcha de programas preventivos encaminados a mejorar los niveles de inteligencia emocional de los ciudadanos, con el fin de paliar las posibles consecuencias aversivas del uso abusivo de internet.
¿Por qué volver a la escuela? Un estudio de caso sobre Educación de Adultos en Ecuador
Authors: Salinas Villacrés Daniel , Negri Cortés María Isabel
Published: February 2021

La educación de adultos supone una segunda oportunidad de crecimiento formativo, laboral y social para aquellas personas que, por sus desventajas personales, económicas y socioculturales, se vieron abocadas a la deserción escolar. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer la experiencia de un grupo de alumnos de los programas de Educación de Adultos de una entidad educativa en Ecuador, indagando en los significados que adquiere para ellos acceder de nuevo al sistema educativo y en sus expectativas del futuro hacia el ámbito sociolaboral. Para ello, se recurrió a un enfoque cualitativo de investigación con el fin de construir conocimientos desde lo particular y subjetivo, estableciendo reflexiones y aproximaciones sobre las realidades que convergen en los programas de educación de adultos. Asimismo, en el diseño de investigación se optó por el estudio de casos que nos permite otorgar una perspectiva holística y contextual ante el sentido del fenómeno, utilizando para ello la técnica de la entrevista semiestructurada y el análisis documental. Contamos con una muestra de seis participantes que forman parte de un centro de enseñanza secundaria dirigida a esta población. A pesar de la escasez de investigaciones en la misma línea de este artículo, varios de los resultados obtenidos presentan similitud con las experiencias, significados y expectativas de personas que han aportado sus testimonios en otros estudios. Un resultado nuevo que aporta esta investigación a la literatura, se encuentra en la importancia que adquiere para los estudiantes convertirse en referentes para la trayectoria académica de sus hijos. Estas personas aún precisan enfrentarse a problemáticas socioeconómicas, por lo que se valen de los estudios para alcanzar mejoras materiales, así como a su inclusión social y la de sus familias.
Plague-Needs Continuous Surveillance System
Authors:   National Centre for Disease Control, Plague Surveillance Unit, 8 Bellary Road, Bangalore, India, Biswas Shyamal
Published: February 2021

Plague was considered to be a re-emerging disease since 1990s. The number of plague cases showed rising trend, and outbreaks were reappearing in various countries of the world after decades of quiescence. Plague is a zoonotic disease primarily of rodents. Natural decline in plague incidence would not justify the conclusion that plague has disappeared from the area Plague is transmitted between rodent and mammals via fleas. Rodents are the carriers of viral, rickettsial, nematode and bacterial diseases and are responsible for the transmission of more than 35 communicable diseases including Hanta viruses. Despite major advances in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, it has not been possible to eradicate plague. The lack of continuous baseline surveillance resulted in an undetected sudden increase of the disease incidence in an enzootic/ endemic plague foci of the world, and a sudden outbreak of human cases, what was then considered a re-emerge of the disease. Regular plague surveillance work enhanced the possibility of detecting and delimiting plague foci and helped in determining the necessity for plague control programme. It is not uncommon to observe the long years of quiescence in natural plague foci and the sudden appearance of human cases is always destabilizing for national or even international authorities.
Social Characteristics of the Ural Policemen in the 1st Half of the 19th Century (According to the Service Records of Officers in the Perm Province for 1845)
Authors: Ryazanov Sergey M.
Published: February 2021

Up until now Russian and foreign researchers have been studying various aspects of servicemen for more than a century and a half. However, the problem of pre-reform police bureaucracy in the Ural has stayed out of the focus of academic discussion. Therefore, the author chose this subject for the research project. The study is based on the database compiled by the author from service records of 164 police officers of the Perm province for 1845 preserved in the State Archives of the Perm region. For a more objective approach to the social and service characteristics of police officers, the author sequentially built three collective portraits using the information from database: the chief of police, an executive officer, and a clerical officer. Although representatives of the nobility predominated among the police officers of local governments (zemstvo), mayors and police chiefs usually did not possess estates or serfs. Officials of a lower rank came, predominantly, from clerks, chief officers, and clergy children. Service practices also differed: police officers, mayors and police chiefs of local governments usually belonged to army officers incapable of further military service. Executive officials often began their career, albeit not in the police, but still in the civil service. An analysis of the demographic characteristics of the bureaucratic staff showes that the average age of police chiefs was 47 years, the rest of the executive ranks – about 39 years old, clerical officials – 27 years. According to the “Table of Ranks”, the executive ranks more rapid and successful career growth. At the same time, every third bailiff and quarterly overseer had a criminal record. And every fifth clerical official had negative attestation. This allows the conclusion about the low level of professionalism of the class police officers during the reign of Nicholas I. Against the background of an ever-growing range of law enforcement and administrative tasks of the police, the situation on the ground was problematic. Ultimately, this was one of the reasons for the reorganization of the police in 1862.
“They Are Obsessed with Scurvy and Typhus”: Diseases and Treatment of Military Personnel in Vyborg and Kexholm (1710s - 1740)
Authors: Proskuryakova Mariya E.
Published: February 2021

The article analyses the problem of implementing legislation on medical care in the army during the reign of Peter the Great and Anna Ioannovna. The Admiralty Regulations of 1722 and the General Regulations on Hospitals of 1735 announced meticulously prescribed standards for taking care of patients in military hospitals, as well as the number, qualifications and duties of medical personnel in those centers. According to scholars, both documents represent bright examples of the authorities’ faith in the possibility of resolving of crisis in the work of any institution by detailed regulation of all aspects of its activities. However, a research on conditions of service of army employees and state of military health care implies a study based on local material and functioning of certain hospitals. The author focuses on the history of medical institutions in fortresses located on the Russian-Swedish border. The study was carried out on the basis of reports received in St. Petersburg from the border fortresses and devoted to the number of sick employees in the Vyborg and Kexholm garrisons, their diseases and providing them medical care. It is revealed that the military infirmaries have been opened in Vyborg and Kexholm in the early 1720s. And the number and qualifications of the medical personnel met the requirements of the state legislation. Nevertheless, the employees of the local garrisons suffered the same hardships as military men in other north-western fortresses (St. Petersburg, Kronstadt, Riga). This is indicated by the spread of diseases typical for the northern regions and poorly victualled communities, limited in access to proper food and clean sources of water (scurvy, typhus, digestive disorders). Along with that, the region had its own specifics: despite the harsh climate, work on fortifications was carried out from early Spring. Therefore, the soldiers were often hospitalised due to frostbite and colds. From the number of employees sent to the hospital for treatment 66 % died within six months. The most vulnerable group were employees of the first and second years of service under the age of 30. However, the situation in the fortresses did not become critical and epidemics were avoided.
On the Perception of Alexander I among the Decembrists: The Emperor in Newly Found Memoirs and Letters of S. P. Trubetskoy
Authors: Ilyin Pavel V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the information shedding light on the attitude of representatives of the young generation of liberal-minded nobles to the personality of Alexander I, his internal and foreign policies, rumors and reports about his intentions and views. These data are drawn from sources of personal origin recently discovered and published with comments for general public access – previously unknown memoirs and letters of the Decembrist S. P. Trubetskoy, addressed to his comrade, later Senator I. N. Tolstoy. The noble liberal opposition that arose after the end of the Napoleonic wars, as new sources confirm, had a contradictory attitude towards Alexander I. On the one hand, the “liberalists” defended the need for major changes, including the abolition of serfdom and the constitution building, on the other hand, they were dissatisfied with the fact that, in their opinion, interests of nobility (first and foremost economic ones) were ignored by the authorities when designing reforms. Authentic materials of the epoch, such as the newly found letters of S. P. Trubetskoy, allow us to come to the conclusion about the ambivalent attitude of the Decembrists to the reform projects of Alexander I and the great expectations placed on the Tsar by the “liberalists”. However, at the same time the sources demostrate the growing skepticism about internal politics, fear of ill-conceived and inconsistent with the needs of the nobility transformations, such as the forced abolition of serfdom without taking into account the economic interests of nobility.
Resinas bulkfill: propriedades e aplicabilidades
Authors: Monteiro Giovanna Garcia , Oliveira Jenniffer Shayane de Melo , Bessa Maria Iohanna Brasil , Sousa Zildenilson da Silva , Fontenelle Iana Sá de Oliveira , Oliveira Juliana Araújo , Mendes Talita Arrais Daniel
Published: February 2021

As resinas compostas (RCs) são materiais amplamente utilizados na odontologia como método restaurador. Apesar disso, sua capacidade de espessura possui fatores limitantes que interferem em uma melhora nos resultados. Assim, as RCs bulkfill (RCB) surgem com a possibilidade de incrementos únicos em processos restauradores. O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura acerca do que se sabe até o atual contexto sobre esse material restaurador, evidenciando a aplicabilidade clínica da RCB, além de suas propriedades como implemento eficaz na odontologia restauradora. Utilizou-se dos descritores em saúde: composite resins, polymerization, operative dentistry, clinical evaluation e chemistry aplicados nas bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct, na língua inglesa e interligados entre si pelo operador booleano “AND”. Dos 143 estudos encontrados, 133 foram excluídos por apresentarem um ou mais critérios de exclusão, sendo incluídos 10 estudos nesta revisão. As RCB através de suas propriedades químicas permitem uma maior rapidez em tratamentos clínicos, diminuindo complexibilidades técnicas nos procedimentos profissionais, além de capacidade de incremento mais vantajosa que as RCs convencionais. Contudo, mais estudos com períodos de avaliação mais extensos se fazem necessários antes de uma recomendação definitiva de mudanças de protocolos clínicos.
Aprendizado e experiência na formação profissional em enfermagem obstétrica acerca dos desfechos relacionados à prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer
Authors: Moraes Bruna de Oliveira , De Souza Sineide Santos , De Andrade Anny Beatriz Costa Antony , Carvalho Aimée de Queiroz , Vidal Alessandra Pinheiro , Pina Rizioléia Marina Pinheiro
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar a experiência vivenciada na residência do Programa de Enfermagem Obstétrica de uma universidade pública do estado do Amazonas durante atividades práticas desenvolvidas em maternidades públicas em um município do Amazonas, relacionada aos nascimentos de bebês prematuros e de baixo peso. Relato de experiência: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência sobre a vivência de residentes em enfermagem obstétrica na assistência as parturientes com bebês prematuros e com baixo peso ao nascer. A experiência vivenciada na formação permitiu a observação e detecção de fatores de risco que influenciam de forma direta e/ou indireta no desfecho de prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer, como gravidez na adolescência, inadequada assistência pré-natal, ou ainda a ausência desta, baixo nível socioeconômico, presença de comorbidades. Os desfechos observados exercem grande impacto na saúde da população em estudo, colaborando no aumento da morbimortalidade materno-infantil. Considerações finais: A residência em enfermagem obstétrica proporciona o aperfeiçoamento de técnicas e habilidades, bem como obtenção e consolidação de novos conhecimentos, tais ações podem estar diretamente ligadas ao formato de ensino que a residência oportuniza, o que resulta em prestação de assistência especializada e baseada em evidências científicas à população materno-infantil.
MECHANISM OF ACCOUNTING SECURED MEDIA OF KEY INFORMATION IN BANKS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Fominykh Maryana
Published: February 2021

The article examines the essence and components of the bank’s accounting policy, which affect the accounting of inventories of the bank in general and protected media in particular. It is specified that each credit institution develops and approves mandatory accounting policy provisions, which contain a set of principles, methods and procedures used for accounting, preparation and presentation of financial statements. The bank’s accounting and financial reporting are based on the principles defined in the conceptual basis of international financial reporting standards. Protected media have been identified as components of inventories. Commercial banks generate keys for their customers to access remote service systems. These keys are essentially an electronic signature and seal of the client to sign the electronic payment documents created by him before sending them to the bank. In order to prevent the copying of electronic signature keys, secure media (Secure Token) have been developed, on which the bank writes digital signatures of customers. Accounting models of accounting for transactions on the sale of protected media are presented. Protected media according to a number of criteria in accordance with accounting standards can be classified as inventories, and therefore they are accounted for by the same rules. Transactions on the sale of protected key information carriers, depending on the method of payment and the sale price can be reflected in the financial statements in accordance with the four accounting models. The probable operational risks of the bank, which may arise in the process of selling protected media, have been identified and it has been determined that in order to reduce the operational risk of penalties for late registration of tax invoices, it is recommended to implement Secure Token for non-cash funds.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY FORMATION
Authors: Semenog Andrii
Published: February 2021

The article substantiates that the successful development of the digital economy is closely linked to progress in several “frontier technologies”, among which the most important are such software-oriented technologies as Blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is determined that together these technologies provide new opportunities for better analysis, processing and use of digital information, which gives new opportunities for companies to improve their efficiency by offering new, more personalized products and services. In general, the article analyzes the leading technologies used in the formation of the digital economy, identifies their essence, types, and methods of practical application. The properties, potential advantages, and risks of blockchain technology are studied. The article gives examples of companies that use blockchain. They represent such areas as finance, data management, energy, government, transport, health. The main components of the Internet of Things are identified. These include means of identification, means of measurement, means of data transmission, means of data processing, performing devices. The hierarchy of the Internet of Things is also given. It consists of personal wearable devices, smart homes, and smart industry (industrial internet). The phases of the “industrial Internet” development are presented. The essence and constituent characteristics of Big Data are determined. Among them: volume, velocity, variety, value, veracity, variability, visualization. It is determined that the key sources of Big Data are information from the Internet; readings of various devices; corporate information. The competitive advantages of companies that use Big Data are given. Also, the advantages and models of using cloud technologies are described. The essence and components of artificial intelligence are determined. An example of its application in the economic activity of companies is presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE GENDER COMPONENT IN THE PENSION SYSTEM IN UKRAINE
Authors: Movchun Svetlana
Published: February 2021

According to estimates of the demographic situation in Ukraine and in the world as a whole, the majority of elderly people are women, which is one of the aspects of gender characteristics. At the same time, at the age of women, they face problems, inappropriate for men, in almost all spheres of life, including employment and retirement. In this context, the spread of feminization of poverty among older age groups encourages the reform of the pension system in order to achieve its gender neutrality. The article identifies gender inconsistencies in the modern pension system of Ukraine compared to EU countries. Based on the elucidation of the essence of gender budgeting, the expediency of improving the domestic pension system by developing its gender component has been proved. This will not only help solve the problem of proper social protection, but will also serve as an important basis for building the country’s investment potential.
Total Synthesis of Ritterazine B
Authors: Nakayama Yasuaki , Maser Michael , Okita Tatsuya , Dubrovskiy Anton V. , Campbell Taryn L. , Reisman Sarah
Published: February 2021

The first total synthesis of the cytotoxic alkaloid ritterazine B is reported. The synthesis features a unified approach to both steroid subunits, employing a titanium-mediated propargylation reaction to achieve divergence from a common precursor. Other key steps include gold-catalyzed cycloisomerizations that install both spiroketals, and late stage C–H oxidation to incorporate the C7′ alcohol.