bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression to Identify Tumor Markers and Antigens
Authors: Riggins Gregory J.
Published: June 2013

Tumor markers and antigens are normally highly expressed in malignant tissue, but not in the surrounding normal tissue. Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is a technology that counts mRNA transcripts and can be used to find those genes most highly induced in malignant tissues. SAGE produces a comprehensive profile of gene expression and can be used to search for tumor biomarkers in a limited number of samples. Public sources of SAGE data, in particular through the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project, increase the value of this technology by making a large source of information on many tumors and normal tissues available for comparison. Although the perfect tumor‐specific gene does not exist, the differences in gene expression between tumor and normal can be exploited for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
Cancer Proteomics: The State of the Art
Authors: Herrmann Paul C. , Liotta Lance A. , Petricoin Emanuel F.
Published: June 2013

Now that the human genome has been determined, the field of proteomics is ramping up to tackle the vast protein networks that both control and are controlled by the information encoded by the genome. The study of proteomics should yield an unparalleled understanding of cancer as well as an invaluable new target for therapeutic intervention and markers for early detection. This rapidly expanding field attempts to track the protein interactions responsible for all cellular processes. By careful analysis of these systems, a detailed understanding of the molecular causes and consequences of cancer should emerge. A brief overview of some of the cutting edge technologies employed by this rapidly expanding field is given, along with specific examples of how these technologies are employed. Soon cellular protein networks will be understood at a level that will permit a totally new paradigm of diagnosis and will allow therapy tailored to individual patients and situations.
Proteomics as the Tool to Search for Lung Disease Markers in Bronchoalveolar Lavage
Authors: Noël-Georis Isabelle , Bernard A. , Falmagne Paul , Wattiez Ruddy
Published: June 2013

Most lung disorders are known to be associated to considerable modifications of surfactant composition. Numerous of these abnormalities have been exploited in the past to diagnose lung diseases, allowing proper treatment and follow‐up. Diagnosis was then based on phospholipid content, surface tension and cytological features of the epithelial lining fluid (ELF), sampled by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during fiberoscopic bronchoscopy. Today, it appears that the protein content of ELF displays a remarkably high complexity, not only due to the wide variety of the proteins it contains but also because of the great diversity of their cellular origins. The significance of the use of proteome analysis of BAL fluid for the search for new lung disease marker proteins and for their simultaneous display and analysis in patients suffering from lung disorders has been examined.
Candidate Genes and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Study of Human Disease
Authors: Chanock Stephen
Published: June 2013

The genomic revolution has generated an extraordinary resource, the catalog of variation within the human genome, for investigating biological, evolutionary and medical questions. Together with new, more efficient platforms for high‐throughput genotyping, it is possible to begin to dissect genetic contributions to complex trait diseases, specifically examining common variants, such as the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). At the same time, these tools will make it possible to identify determinants of disease with the expectation of eventually, tailoring therapies based upon specific profiles. However, a number of methodological, practical and ethical issues must be addressed before the analysis of genetic variation becomes a standard of clinical medicine. The currents of variation in human biology are reviewed here, with a specific emphasis on future challenges and directions.
Fast Discriminative Stochastic Neighbor Embedding Analysis
Authors: Zheng Jianwei , Qiu Hong , Xu Xinli , Wang Wanliang , Huang Qiongfang
Published: June 2013

Feature is important for many applications in biomedical signal analysis and living system analysis. A fast discriminative stochastic neighbor embedding analysis (FDSNE) method for feature extraction is proposed in this paper by improving the existing DSNE method. The proposed algorithm adopts an alternative probability distribution model constructed based on itsK-nearest neighbors from the interclass and intraclass samples. Furthermore, FDSNE is extended to nonlinear scenarios using the kernel trick and then kernel-based methods, that is, KFDSNE1 and KFDSNE2. FDSNE, KFDSNE1, and KFDSNE2 are evaluated in three aspects: visualization, recognition, and elapsed time. Experimental results on several datasets show that, compared with DSNE and MSNP, the proposed algorithm not only significantly enhances the computational efficiency but also obtains higher classification accuracy.
Finite Groups with Some -Supplemented Subgroups
Authors: Zhong Guo , Yang Liying , Wei Huaquan , Ma Xuanlong , Xia Jiayi
Published: June 2013

Let be a subgroup of a finite group , a prime dividing the order of , and a Sylow -subgroup of for prime We say that is -supplemented in if there is a subgroup of such that and where denotes the subgroup of generated by all those subgroups of which are -quasinormally embedded in In this paper, we characterize -nilpotency and supersolvability of under the assumption that all maximal subgroups of are -supplemented in .
Cytokines in Sepsis: Potent Immunoregulators and Potential Therapeutic Targets—An Updated View
Authors: Schulte Wibke , Bernhagen Jürgen , Bucala Richard
Published: June 2013

Sepsis and septic shock are among the leading causes of death in intensive care units worldwide. Numerous studies on their pathophysiology have revealed an imbalance in the inflammatory network leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and ultimately, death. Cytokines are important pleiotropic regulators of the immune response, which have a crucial role in the complex pathophysiology underlying sepsis. They have both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions and are capable of coordinating effective defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. On the other hand, cytokines may dysregulate the immune response and promote tissue-damaging inflammation. In this review, we address the current knowledge of the actions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis pathophysiology as well as how these cytokines and other important immunomodulating agents may be therapeutically targeted to improve the clinical outcome of sepsis.
The Investigation of Solutions to the Coupled Schrödinger-Boussinesq Equations
Authors: Huang Xin
Published: June 2013

The (G′/G)-expansion method and the symbolic computation system Mathematica are employed to investigate the coupled Schrödinger-Boussinesq equations. The hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, and rational function solutions to the equations are obtained. The decaying properties of several solutions are analyzed.
Efficacy of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Oilvis-a-visOther Standard Drugs for Management of Gastric Ulceration and Erosions in Dogs
Authors: Dogra Richa , Tyagi S. P. , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2013

The study was conducted on 20 adult healthy medium-sized mongrel dogs. Injection of dexamethasone @ 1 mg/kg, IV, b.i.d., was administered to create gastric ulcerations and erosions. Thereafter all the animals were randomly divided into 5 equal treatment groups. Animals of groups I, II, III, IV, and V were treated with oral administration of lansoprazole @ 1.5 mg/kg, sucralfate @ 1 g/animal, misoprostol @ 10 µg/kg, famotidine @ 1 mg/kg, and Seabuckthorn seed oil @ 5 mL/animal, twice a day, respectively. Gastroendoscopically, complete healing of GUE lesions was earliest in Seabuckthorn- (SBT-) oil-treated group (7.5±0.87) followed by famotidine (8.25±1.44), lansoprazole (9.00±1.23), misoprostol (10.50±1.50), and sucralfate (13.50±0.87), respectively. A marked improvement in appetite was observed in all animals. Melena was continued till day 3 in SBT group, day 6 in lansoprazole- and famotidine-treated animals, and day 9 in sucralfate and misoprostol group animals. Fecal occult blood test was positive in all animals till there was endoscopic evidence of gastric bleeding. Hematological parameters improved markedly towards the end of the study. Serum biochemical parameters remained within normal physiological limits throughout the study. It is concluded that Seabuckthorn oil was the best therapeutic agent for dexamethasone-induced GUE in dogs followed by famotidine, lansoprazole, misoprostol, and sucralfate.
An Fc Gamma Receptor-Mediated Upregulation of the Production of Interleukin 10 by Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Bone-Marrow-Derived Mouse Dendritic Cells Stimulated with LipopolysaccharideIn Vitro
Authors: Fujii Akihiro , Kase Yuko , Suzuki Chiaki , Kamizono Akihito , Imada Teruaki
Published: June 2013

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a highly purified immunoglobulin fraction prepared from pooled plasma of several thousand donors, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production, while decreased proinflammatory cytokine IL-12p70 production in bone-marrow-derived mouse dendritic cells (BMDCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The changes of cytokine production were confirmed with the transcription levels of these cytokines. To study the mechanisms of this bidirectional effect, we investigated changes of intracellular molecules in the LPS-induced signaling pathway and observed that IVIG upregulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation while downregulated p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Using chemical inhibitors specific to protein kinases involved in activation of Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs), which mediate IgG signals, we found that hyperphosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Syk phosphorylation occurred after stimulation of BMDC with LPS and IVIG, and the increasing effect on IL-10 production was abolished by these inhibitors. Furthermore, an antibody specific to FcγRI, one of FcγRs involved in immune activation, inhibited IVIG-induced increases in IL-10 production, but not IL-12p70 decreases, whereas the anti-IL-10 antibody restored the decrease in IL-12p70 induced by IVIG. These findings suggest that IVIG induced the upregulation of IL-10 production through FcγRI activation, and IL-10 was indispensable to the suppressing effect of IVIG on the production of IL-12p70 in LPS-stimulated BMDC.
Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenic Potential ofMurraya koenigii
Authors: Zahin Maryam , Aqil Farrukh , Husain Fohad Mabood , Ahmad Iqbal
Published: June 2013

It is well known that the intake of antioxidants with increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and medicinal herbs contributes towards reduced risk of certain diseases including cancers. This study aims to evaluate the broad-spectrum antioxidant and antimutagenic activities as well as to elucidate phytochemical profile of an Indian medicinal plantMurraya koenigii(curry) leaves. Leaves of the plant were successively fractionated in various organic solvents. Benzene fraction demonstrated the highest phenolic content followed by petroleum ether. The benzene fraction showed maximum antioxidant activity in all tested assays, namely, phosphomolybdenum, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Based on the promising broad-spectrum antioxidant activity, benzene fraction was further evaluated for antimutagenic activity and showed a dose-dependent antimutagenic response in AmesSalmonellamutagenicity assay. It inhibited 72–86% mutagenicity induced by sodium azide, methyl methanesulfonate, benzo(a)pyrene, and 2-aminoflourene at the maximum tested concentration (100 μg/mL) inSalmonella typhimuriumtester strains. At least 21 compounds were detected by GC/MS. The findings clearly demonstrated that phenolic-rich benzene fraction has promising broad-spectrum antioxidant and antimutagenic property and needs further evaluation to exploit its therapeutic potential.
Extended-Maxima Transform Watershed Segmentation Algorithm for Touching Corn Kernels
Authors: Qin Yibo , Wang Wei , Liu Wei , Yuan Ning
Published: June 2013

Touching corn kernels are usually oversegmented by the traditional watershed algorithm. This paper proposes a modified watershed segmentation algorithm based on the extended-maxima transform. Firstly, a distance-transformed image is processed by the extended-maxima transform in the range of the optimized threshold value. Secondly, the binary image obtained by the preceding process is run through the watershed segmentation algorithm, and watershed ridge lines are superimposed on the original image, so that touching corn kernels are separated into segments. Fifty images which all contain 400 corn kernels were tested. Experimental results showed that the effect of segmentation is satisfactory by the improved algorithm, and the accuracy of segmentation is as high as 99.87%.
Imaging of Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis in a Patient with Gorlin Syndrome and Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Donovan S. T. , Thompson J. W. , Sandlund J. T. , Adderson E. E. , Pivnick E. K. , Harreld J. H.
Published: June 2013

Gorlin Syndrome (GS), also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by developmental abnormalities and predisposition to certain neoplasms. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by high morbidity and mortality. In immunocompromised patients, computed tomography plays a critical role in screening for suspected AIFRS. However, due to the association between exposure to ionizing radiation and subsequent development of malignancies in patients with GS, patients with GS and suspected AIFRS present a unique and challenging clinical scenario. We present a case of a pediatric patient with GS and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) diagnosed with AIFRS; to the best of our knowledge, it is the only case described in the literature.
Virus-Host and CRISPR Dynamics in Archaea-Dominated Hypersaline Lake Tyrrell, Victoria, Australia
Authors: Emerson Joanne B. , Andrade Karen , Thomas Brian C. , Norman Anders , Allen Eric E. , Heidelberg Karla B. , Banfield Jillian F.
Published: June 2013

The study of natural archaeal assemblages requires community context, namely, a concurrent assessment of the dynamics of archaeal, bacterial, and viral populations. Here, we use filter size-resolved metagenomic analyses to report the dynamics of 101 archaeal and bacterial OTUs and 140 viral populations across 17 samples collected over different timescales from 2007–2010 from Australian hypersaline Lake Tyrrell (LT). All samples were dominated by Archaea (75–95%). Archaeal, bacterial, and viral populations were found to be dynamic on timescales of months to years, and different viral assemblages were present in planktonic, relative to host-associated (active and provirus) size fractions. Analyses of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) regions indicate that both rare and abundant viruses were targeted, primarily by lower abundance hosts. Although very few spacers had hits to the NCBI nr database or to the 140 LT viral populations, 21% had hits to unassembled LT viral concentrate reads. This suggests local adaptation to LT-specific viruses and/or undersampling of haloviral assemblages in public databases, along with successful CRISPR-mediated maintenance of viral populations at abundances low enough to preclude genomic assembly. This is the first metagenomic report evaluating widespread archaeal dynamics at the population level on short timescales in a hypersaline system.
Seeking Out High Risk Population: The Prevalence Characteristics and Outcome of Diabetic Patients of Arab Ethnicity Hospitalized in Internal Medical and Acute Coronary Units in Israel
Authors: Nseir William , Haj Shehadeh , Beshara Basma , Mograbi Julnar , Cohen Ohad
Published: June 2013

Aims. To seek high risk population for diabetes and to improve their health care by investigating the characteristics and outcome of hospitalization in hospitals with predominant Arab patients in Northern Israel.Methods. Retrospective analysis of the prevalence of diabetes and the outcome of diabetic in comparison to nondiabetic patients hospitalized in the internal medicine and intensive cardiac units in two major hospitals with one-year postdischarge data between 1.1.2009 and 31.12.2009.Results. Thirty-nine percent of the patients were diagnosed with diabetes. The preponderance of women in the diabetes group was noted. Diabetic patients had an increase in the duration of hospitalization (P=0.0008), with one hospital having a high readmission rate for the diabetic patients. The average glycemia during hospitalization exceeded the recommended threshold of 180 mg% without major changes in the therapeutic regimens in comparison to preadmission regimens.Conclusions. Arab populations, women in particular, in westernizing societies are at high risk for diabetes which exemplifies as high rate of patients with diabetes among hospitalized patients. Areas for intervention during hospitalization and at predischarge have been identified to improve health outcomes and prevent readmissions.
Impersonating-Resilient Dynamic Key Management for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jeong Gowun , Seo Yong-Ho , Yang Hyun S.
Published: June 2013

Key management in a large portion of ubiquitous sensor networks has been a challenge due to the limited capabilities of their wireless communicating and battery-powered sensors. Moreover, an attacker physically capturing even a few nodes hampers the entire network security by impersonating nodes to inject false data in an undetected manner. To efficiently protect from such impersonating by node capture, we propose a new dynamic key management framework particularly for large-scale clustered sensor networks. In the framework, different keying mechanisms, respectively, secure in-cluster, intercluster, and individual communication by refreshing keys on demand, while adaptively handling node addition and capture. Theoretic analysis and simulation results show that our proposed framework provides higher connectivity and security against impersonating than other existing studies do, for better trade-off with resource overheads.
Epidemiological and Pathogenic Relationship between Sleep Apnea and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Carpio Carlos , Álvarez-Sala Rodolfo , García-Río Francisco
Published: June 2013

Obstructive sleep apnea is recognized as having high prevalence and causing remarkable cardiovascular risk. Coronary artery disease has been associated with obstructive sleep apnea in many reports. The pathophysiology of coronary artery disease in obstructive sleep apnea patients probably includes the activation of multiple mechanisms, as the sympathetic activity, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and systemic hypertension. Moreover, chronic intermittent hypoxia and oxidative stress have an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary disease and are also fundamental to the development of atherosclerosis and other comorbidities present in coronary artery diseases such as lipid metabolic disorders. Interestingly, the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease has been associated with obstructive sleep apnea and the severity of sleep disordered breathing may have a direct relationship with the morbidity and mortality of patients with coronary diseases. Nevertheless, treatment with CPAP may have important effects, and recent reports have described the benefits of obstructive sleep apnea treatment on the recurrence of acute heart ischaemic events in patients with coronary artery disease.
Fuzzy Algorithm for Power Transformer Diagnostics
Authors: Dhote Nitin K. , Helonde Jagdish B.
Published: June 2013

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer oil has been one of the most reliable techniques to detect the incipient faults. Many conventional DGA methods have been developed to interpret DGA results obtained from gas chromatography. Although these methods are widely used in the world, they sometimes fail to diagnose, especially when DGA results fall outside conventional methods codes or when more than one fault exist in the transformer. To overcome these limitations, the fuzzy inference system (FIS) is proposed. Two hundred different cases are used to test the accuracy of various DGA methods in interpreting the transformer condition.
On Solutions of Fractional Order Boundary Value Problems with Integral Boundary Conditions in Banach Spaces
Authors: Salem Hussein A. H. , Cichoń Mieczysław
Published: June 2013

The object of this paper is to investigate the existence of a class of solutions for some boundary value problems of fractional order with integral boundary conditions. The considered problems are very interesting and important from an application point of view. They include two, three, multipoint, and nonlocal boundary value problems as special cases. We stress on single and multivalued problems for which the nonlinear term is assumed only to be Pettis integrable and depends on the fractional derivative of an unknown function. Some investigations on fractional Pettis integrability for functions and multifunctions are also presented. An example illustrating the main result is given.
A Bordism Viewpoint of Fiberwise Intersections
Authors: Sunyeekhan Gun
Published: June 2013

We use the geometric data to define a bordism invariant for the fiberwise intersection theory. Under some certain conditions, this invariant is an obstruction for the theory. Moreover, we prove the converse of fiberwise Lefschetz fixed point theorem.
Effect of Eucalyptus Oil Inhalation on Pain and Inflammatory Responses after Total Knee Replacement: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jun Yang Suk , Kang Purum , Min Sun Seek , Lee Jeong-Min , Kim Hyo-Keun , Seol Geun Hee
Published: June 2013

Eucalyptus oil has been reported effective in reducing pain, swelling, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eucalyptus oil inhalation on pain and inflammatory responses after total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. Participants were randomized 1 : 1 to intervention group (eucalyptus inhalation group) or control group (almond oil inhalation group). Patients inhaled eucalyptus or almond oil for 30 min of continuous passive motion (CPM) on 3 consecutive days. Pain on a visual analog scale (VAS), blood pressure, heart rate, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, and white blood cell (WBC) count were measured before and after inhalation. Pain VAS on all three days (P<.001) and systolic (P<.05) and diastolic (P=.03) blood pressure on the second day were significantly lower in the group inhaling eucalyptus than that inhaling almond oil. Heart rate, CRP, and WBC, however, did not differ significantly in the two groups. In conclusion, inhalation of eucalyptus oil was effective in decreasing patient's pain and blood pressure following TKR, suggesting that eucalyptus oil inhalation may be a nursing intervention for the relief of pain after TKR.
Current Understanding on Antihepatocarcinoma Effects of Xiao Chai Hu Tang and Its Constituents
Authors: Zheng Ningning , Dai Jianye , Cao Huijuan , Sun Shujun , Fang Junwei , Li Qianhua , Su Shibing , Zhang Yongyu , Qiu Mingfeng , Huang Shuang
Published: June 2013

Xiao Chai Hu Tang (XCHT), a compound formula originally recorded in an ancient Chinese medical bookShanghanlun, has been used to treat chronic liver diseases for a long period of time in China. Although extensive studies have been demonstrated the efficacy of this formula to treat chronic hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocarcinoma, how it works against these diseases still awaits full understanding. Here, we firstly present an overview arranging from the entire formula to mechanism studies of single herb in XCHT and their active components, from a new perspective of “separation study,” and we tried our best to both detailedly and systematically organize the antihepatocarcinoma effects of it, hoping that the review will facilitate the strive on elucidating how XCHT elicits its antihepatocarcinoma role.
The Role of Attention to Emotion in Recovery from Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Thompson Renee J. , Mata Jutta , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Buschkuehl Martin , Jonides John , Gotlib Ian H.
Published: June 2013

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by several emotional disturbances. One possible but not well-examined disturbance is in attention to emotion, an important facet of emotional awareness. We examined whether attention to emotion predicted recovery from MDD. Fifty-three adults with current MDD completed a week of experience sampling (Time 1). At each prompt, participants reported attention to emotion, negative affect (NA), and positive affect (PA). Approximately one year later (Time 2), the depressive status of 27 participants was reassessed. Participants who had recovered from MDD (n=8) indicated paying less attention to their emotions at Time 1 than did participants who had not fully recovered (n=19). Attention to emotion was better predictor of recovery than was severity of MDD, NA, or PA at Time 1. Levels of attention to emotion at Time 1 in participants who recovered from MDD did not differ significantly from the levels reported by 53 never-depressed individuals who had participated in the experience sampling. Findings indicate that high levels of an otherwise adaptive emotional facet can adversely affect the course of MDD.
The Role of DPP4 Activity in Cardiovascular Districts: In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence
Authors: Pala L. , Rotella C. M.
Published: June 2013

The introduction of incretin hormone-based therapies represents a novel therapeutic strategy, since these drugs not only improve glycemia with minimal risk of hypoglycemia, but also have other extraglycemic beneficial effects. These agents, which are effective in improving glucose control, could also have positive effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events. The aim of this review is to summarize the present literature about the role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in cardiovascular districts, not only strictly correlated to its effect on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) circulating levels, but also to what is known about possible cardiovascular actions. Actually, DPP4 is known to be present in many cells and tissues and its effects go beyond purely metabolic aspects. Almost always the inhibition of DPP4 activity is associated with improved cardiovascular profile, but it has shown to possess antithrombotic properties and these different effects could be connected with a site and/or species specificity of DPP4. Certainly, DPP4 seems to exert many functions, both directly and indirectly, on cardiovascular districts, opening new possibilities of prevention and treatment of complications at this level, not only in patients affected by diabetes mellitus.
An Approach to Self‐Assembling Swarm Robots Using Multitree Genetic Programming
Authors: Lee Jong-Hyun , Ahn Chang Wook , An Jinung
Published: June 2013

In recent days, self‐assembling swarm robots have been studied by a number of researchers due to their advantages such as high efficiency, stability, and scalability. However, there are still critical issues in applying them to practical problems in the real world. The main objective of this study is to develop a novel self‐assembling swarm robot algorithm that overcomes the limitations of existing approaches. To this end, multitree genetic programming is newly designed to efficiently discover a set of patterns necessary to carry out the mission of the self‐assembling swarm robots. The obtained patterns are then incorporated into their corresponding robot modules. The computational experiments prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Goos-Hänchen Lateral Displacements at the Interface between Isotropic and Gyroelectric Media
Authors: Wang Jinbao , Huang Hui , Chen Cheng , He Hanfeng , Dong Yuanyuan , Qi Huan
Published: June 2013

A detailed study on Goos-Hänchen (GH) lateral displacements of the reflected and transmitted waves propagating at the interface between an isotropic medium and a gyroelectric medium in Voigt configuration is presented. After the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient are derived, based on the stationary phase approach, GH lateral displacements are obtained analytically. The numerical results for a specific gyroelectric medium are also given. It shows that with the existence of an applied magnetic field, the GH effect occurs not only during total reflection but also during nontotal reflection, which is not true for isotropic media. Moreover, due to the nonreciprocal property of the gyroelectric medium, the sign of the incident angle also influences the displacements. Finite-element method simulations have verified the theoretical results.
Comparison of Technological Options for Distributed Generation-Combined Heat and Power in Rajasthan State of India
Authors: Agrawal Ram Kumar , Khatri Kamal Kishore
Published: June 2013

Distributed generation (DG) of electricity is expected to become more important in the future electricity generation system. This paper reviews the different technological options available for DG. DG offers a number of potential benefits. The ability to use the waste heat from fuel-operated DG, known as combined heat and power (CHP), offers both reduced costs and significant reductions of CO2emissions. The overall efficiency of DG-CHP system can approach 90 percent, a significant improvement over the 30 to 35 percent electric grid efficiency and 50 to 90 percent industrial boiler efficiency when separate production is used. The costs of generation of electricity from six key DG-CHP technologies; gas engines, diesel engines, biodiesel CI engines, microturbines, gas turbines, and fuel cells, are calculated. The cost of generation is dependent on the load factor and the discount rate. It is found that annualized life cycle cost (ALCC) of the DG-CHP technologies is approximately half that of the DG technologies without CHP. Considering the ALCC of different DG-CHP technologies, the gas I.C. engine CHP is the most effective for most of the cases but biodiesel CI engine CHP seems to be a promising DG-CHP technology in near future for Rajasthan state due to renewable nature of the fuel.
Semiderivations Satisfying Certain Algebraic Identities on Jordan Ideals
Authors: De Filippis Vincenzo , Mamouni Abdellah , Oukhtite Lahcen
Published: June 2013

Let be a ring. An additive mapping is called semiderivation of if there exists an endomorphism of such that and , for all in . Here we prove that if is a 2-torsion free -prime ring and a nonzero -Jordan ideal of such that for all , then either is commutative or for all . Moreover, we initiate the study of generalized semiderivations in prime rings.
Comparison of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema (Upper Limb Swelling) Prevalence Estimated Using Objective and Subjective Criteria and Relationship with Quality of Life
Authors: Bulley Catherine , Gaal Susanne , Coutts Fiona , Blyth Christine , Jack Wilma , Chetty Udi , Barber Matthew , Tan Chee-Wee
Published: June 2013

This study aimed to investigate lymphedema prevalence using three different measurement/diagnostic criterion combinations and explore the relationship between lymphedema and quality of life for each, to provide evaluation of rehabilitation. Cross-sectional data from 617 women attending review appointments after completing surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy included the Morbidity Screening Tool (MST; criterion: yes to lymphedema); Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire (LBCQ; criterion: yes to heaviness and/or swelling); percentage limb volume difference (perometer: %LVD; criterion: 10%+ difference); and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy breast cancer-specific quality of life tool (FACT B+4). Perometry measurements were conducted in a clinic room. Between 341 and 577 participants provided sufficient data for each analysis, with mean age varying from 60 to 62 (SD 9.95–10.03) and median months after treatment from 49 to 51. Lymphedema prevalence varied from 26.2% for perometry %LVD to 20.5% for the MST and 23.9% for the LBCQ; differences were not significant. Limits of agreement analysis between %LVD and the subjective measures showed little consistency, while moderate consistency resulted between the subjective measures. Quality of life differed significantly for women with and without lymphedema only when subjective measurements were used. Results suggest that subjective and objective tools investigate different aspects of lymphedema.
Synthesis of New Fluorine Substituted Heterocyclic Nitrogen Systems Derived from p‐Aminosalicylic Acid as Antimycobacterial Agents
Authors: Makki Mohammed Saleh I. T. , Abdel-Rahman Reda M. , Faidallah Hassan M. , Khan Khalid A.
Published: June 2013

Some new fluorine substituted heterocyclic nitrogen systems 2–17 have been synthesized from ring closure reactions of substituted p‐amino salicylic acids (PAS). The Schiffs base of PAS was cyclized with chloroacetyl chloride and mercaptoacetic acid to give azetidinone 2, thiazolidinone 3, and spiro‐fluoroindolothiazoline‐dione 10. However, PAS when reacted directly with 4‐fluorobenzoyl chloride and 5‐oxazolinone yielded derivatives 4, 5, and 7. Aminomethylation of PAS using formaldehyde and piperidine or piperazine formed N‐alkyl and N,N′‐dialkyl derivatives (11 and 12 respectively) upon fluorinated benzoylation gave compounds 13 and 14. Similarly, treatment of PAS with thiosemicarbazide 15 and subsequent cyclization with diethyl oxalate yielded the fluorinated heterocycle 17. The structures of the fluorinated heterocyclic systems have been established on the basis of elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectral data. Some of the targets exhibited a high inhibition towards Mycobacterium strain with favorable log P values.
Adaptive Estimation of Biological Rhythm in Crassulacean Acid Metabolism with Critical Manifold
Authors: Matsuo Takami , Totoki Yusuke , Suemitsu Haruo
Published: June 2013

The mechanism of endogenous circadian photosynthesis oscillations of plants performing crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is investigated in terms of a nonlinear theoretical model. Blasius et al. used throughout continuous time differential equations which adequately reflect the CAM dynamics. The model shows regular endogenous limit cycle oscillations that are stable for a wide range of temperatures in a manner that complies well with experimental data. In this paper, we pay attention to the approximation of the fast modes of the CAM dynamics. Using the zero-epsilon approximation of the slow manifold, we derive the critical manifold that is defined by two algebraic nonlinear equations. The critical manifold allows us to give the algebraic estimate of the order of the tonoplast membrane. The dynamic equation of the order of the tonoplast membrane includes the nonlinear function that gives the equilibrium value of the lipid order of tonoplast functions as a hysteresis switch. We identify the nonlinear function with the measurement signals. Using the basis function expansion of the nonlinear and the critical manifold, we propose an adaptive observer to estimate the tonoplast order and the nonlinear function.
Improving Barrier Properties of PET by Depositing a Layer of DLC Films on Surface
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Song Riheng , Li Guoneng , Hu Guilin , Sun Yaoyu
Published: June 2013

The diamond-like carbon films (DLC films) depositing on the Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surface are obtained by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and the working gases are acetylene and argon gas. Surface morphology and the internal structure of DLC films are investigated by using Raman and FESEM, and the barrier properties of PET films which have been deposited the DLC films are tested in this paper. The results show that the deposition process parameters have an important effect on structure and performance of DLC films. It is shown that the diamond-like carbon films prepared by PECVD system are an amorphous carbon films which mixed withsp3bond andsp2bond. The best oxygen barrier property and water vapor barrier property of PET films are increased by 11 times and 12 times, respectively, in which theID/IGratio of the DLC film is nearly 0.76, and thesp3content is about 40%.
Dynamics of a Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with Phenomenological Damping
Authors: Colucci Renato , Chacón Gerardo R. , Vargas Andrés
Published: June 2013

We study the dynamical behavior of solutions of ann-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with potential and linear derivative terms under the presence of phenomenological damping. This equation is a general version of the dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation including terms with first-order derivatives in the spatial coordinates which allow for rotational contributions. We obtain conditions for the existence of a global attractor and find bounds for its dimension.
IPv6-Based Smart Metering Network for Monitoring Building Electricity
Authors: Xu Dong , Liu Jingmeng
Published: June 2013

A smart electricity monitoring system of building is presented using ZigBee and internet to establish the network. This system consists of three hardware layers: the host PC, the router, and the sensor nodes. A hierarchical ant colony algorithm is developed for data transmission among the wireless sensor nodes. The wireless communication protocol is also designed based on IPv6 protocol on IEEE 802.15.4 wireless network. All-IP approach and peer-to-peer mode are integrated to optimize the network building. Each node measures the power, current, and voltage and transmits them to the host PC through the router. The host software is designed for building test characteristics, having a tree hierarchy and a friendly interface for the user. The reliability and accuracy of this monitoring system are verified in the experiment and application.
Viscosity Approximation Methods and Strong Convergence Theorems for the Fixed Point of Pseudocontractive and Monotone Mappings in Banach Spaces
Authors: Tang Yan
Published: June 2013

Suppose thatCis a nonempty closed convex subset of a real reflexive Banach spaceEwhich has a uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm. A viscosity iterative process is constructed in this paper. A strong convergence theorem is proved for a common element of the set of fixed points of a finite family of pseudocontractive mappings and the set of solutions of a finite family of monotone mappings. And the common element is the unique solution of certain variational inequality. The results presented in this paper extend most of the results that have been proposed for this class of nonlinear mappings.
A Review of the Biology of Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Argentina
Authors: Torréns Javier
Published: June 2013

All the members of Eucharitidae are parasitoid of ants. Argentina has 14 genera and 41 species, but little is known about their biology. Herein are provided new data for host associations (host ant and/or host plant) ofGalearia latreillei,Kapalaspp.,Latina rugosa,Orasema aenea, andOrasemasp. A revision of the most relevant biological aspects ofDicoelothorax platycerus,Latina rugosa,Neolirata alta,N. daguerrei,Lophyrocera variabilis,Orasema argentina,O. salebrosa,O. simplex,O. susanae,O. worcesteri, andO. xanthopusis included. New records ofK. sulcifacies,Lo. plagiata, andOb. semifumipennisin Argentina are presented.Galearia proseniis synonymized withG. latreillei.
Basic Developments of Quality Characteristics Monitoring
Authors: Sorooshian Shahryar
Published: June 2013

Process control tools are a widely used approach in many operations and production processes. Process control chart ranks as one of the most important theories used in these disciplines. This paper reviewed the bias of quality characteristics monitoring. Specifically, this study tries to provide a comprehensive understanding of theories of process control. The text starts with a theoretical review of statistical process control theories and follows by a technical introduction to developed tools for process control.
LIN28Expression in Malignant Germ Cell Tumors Downregulateslet-7and Increases Oncogene Levels
Authors: Murray Matthew J. , Saini Harpreet K. , Siegler Charlotte A. , Hanning Jennifer E. , Barker Emily M. , van Dongen Stijn , Ward Dawn M. , Raby Katie L. , Groves Ian J. , Scarpini Cinzia G. , Pett Mark R. , Thornton Claire M. , Enright Anton J. , Nicholson James C. , Coleman Nicholas
Published: June 2013

Despite their clinicopathologic heterogeneity, malignant germ cell tumors (GCT) share molecular abnormalities that are likely to be functionally important. In this study, we investigated the potential significance of downregulation of the let-7 family of tumor suppressor microRNAs in malignant GCTs. Microarray results from pediatric and adult samples (n = 45) showed that LIN28, the negative regulator of let-7 biogenesis, was abundant in malignant GCTs, regardless of patient age, tumor site, or histologic subtype. Indeed, a strong negative correlation existed between LIN28 and let-7 levels in specimens with matched datasets. Low let-7 levels were biologically significant, as the sequence complementary to the 2 to 7 nt common let-7 seed “GAGGUA” was enriched in the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs upregulated in pediatric and adult malignant GCTs, compared with normal gonads (a mixture of germ cells and somatic cells). We identified 27 mRNA targets of let-7 that were upregulated in malignant GCT cells, confirming significant negative correlations with let-7 levels. Among 16 mRNAs examined in a largely independent set of specimens by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, we defined negative-associations with let-7e levels for six oncogenes, including MYCN, AURKB, CCNF, RRM2, MKI67, and C12orf5 (when including normal control tissues). Importantly, LIN28 depletion in malignant GCT cells restored let-7 levels and repressed all of these oncogenic let-7 mRNA targets, with LIN28 levels correlating with cell proliferation and MYCN levels. Conversely, ectopic expression of let-7e was sufficient to reduce proliferation and downregulate MYCN, AURKB, and LIN28, the latter via a double-negative feedback loop. We conclude that the LIN28/let-7 pathway has a critical pathobiologic role in malignant GCTs and therefore offers a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4872–84. ©2013 AACR.
CTEN Prolongs Signaling by EGFR through Reducing Its Ligand-Induced Degradation
Authors: Hong Shiao-Ya , Shih Yi-Ping , Li Tianhong , Carraway Kermit L. , Lo Su Hao
Published: June 2013

Activation of EGF receptor (EGFR) triggers signaling pathways regulating various cellular events that contribute to tissue development and function. Aberrant activation of EGFR contributes to tumor progression as well as therapeutic resistance in patients with cancer. C-terminal tensin-like (CTEN; TNS4) is a focal adhesion molecule that is a member of the tensin family. Its expression is upregulated by EGF and elevated CTEN mediates EGF-induced cell migration. In the presence of CTEN, we found that EGF treatment elevated the level of EGFR protein but not mRNA. The extended half-life of activated EGFR sustained its signaling cascades. CTEN reduced ligand-induced EGFR degradation by binding to the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl and decreasing the ubiquitination of EGFR. The Src homology 2 domain of CTEN is not only required for binding to the phosphorylated tyrosine residue at codon 774 of c-Cbl, but is also essential for the tumorigenicity observed in the presence of CTEN. Public database analyses indicated that CTEN mRNA levels are elevated in breast, colon, lung, and pancreas cancers, but not correlated with EGFR mRNA levels in these cancers. In contrast, immunohistochemistry analyses of lung cancer specimens showed that CTEN and EGFR protein levels were positively associated, in support of our finding that CTEN regulates EGFR protein levels through a posttranslational mechanism. Overall, this work defines a function for CTEN in prolonging signaling from EGFR by reducing its ligand-induced degradation. Cancer Res; 73(16); 5266–76. ©2013 AACR.
Pivotal Role of the Lipid Raft SK3–Orai1 Complex in Human Cancer Cell Migration and Bone Metastases
Authors: Chantôme Aurélie , Potier-Cartereau Marie , Clarysse Lucie , Fromont Gaëlle , Marionneau-Lambot Séverine , Guéguinou Maxime , Pagès Jean-Christophe , Collin Christine , Oullier Thibauld , Girault Alban , Arbion Flavie , Haelters Jean-Pierre , Jaffrès Paul-Alain , Pinault Michelle , Besson Pierre , Joulin Virginie , Bougnoux Philippe , Vandier Christophe
Published: June 2013

The SK3 channel, a potassium channel, was recently shown to control cancer cell migration, a critical step in metastasis outgrowth. Here, we report that expression of the SK3 channel was markedly associated with bone metastasis. The SK3 channel was shown to control constitutive Ca2+ entry and cancer cell migration through an interaction with the Ca2+ channel Orai1. We found that the SK3 channel triggers an association with the Orai1 channel within lipid rafts. This localization of an SK3–Orai1 complex seemed essential to control cancer cell migration. This suggests that the formation of this complex in lipid rafts is a gain-of-function, because we showed that none of the individual proteins were able to promote the complete phenotype. We identified the alkyl-lipid Ohmline as a disrupting agent for SK3–Orai1 lipid raft localization. Upon Ohmline treatment, the SK3–Orai1 complex moved away from lipid rafts, and SK3-dependent Ca2+ entry, migration, and bone metastases were subsequently impaired. The colocalization of SK3 and Orai1 in primary human tumors and bone metastases further emphasized the clinical relevance of our observations. Targeting SK3–Orai1 in lipid rafts may inaugurate innovative approaches to inhibit bone metastases. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4852–61. ©2013 AACR.
A Functional Variant at 19q13.3, rs967591G>A, Is Associated with Shorter Survival of Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Jeon Hyo-Sung , Jin Guang , Kang Hyo-Gyoung , Choi Yi Young , Lee Won Kee , Choi Jin Eun , Bae Eun Young , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Shin Yup , Lee Eung Bae , Kim Young Tae , Lee Jaehee , Cha Seung-Ick , Kim Chang Ho , Jheon Sanghoon , Kim In San , Park Jae Yong
Published: June 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 19q13.3 and survival of patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to define the causative functional SNP of the association.

Experimental Design: A two-stage study design was used to evaluate five SNPs in relation to survival outcomes in 328 patients and then to validate the results in an independent patient population (n = 483). Luciferase assay and real-time PCR were conducted to examine functional relevance of a potentially functional SNP.

Results: Of the five SNPs, three SNPs (rs105165C>T, rs967591G>A, and rs735482A>C) were significantly associated with survival outcomes in a stage I study. The rs967591A allele had significantly higher activity of the CD3EAP promoter compared with the rs967591G allele (P = 0.002), but the SNP did not have an effect on the activity of PPP1R13L promoter. The rs967591G>A was associated with the level of CD3EAP mRNA expression in lung tissues (P = 0.01). The rs967591G>A exhibited consistent associations in a stage II study. In combined analysis, the rs967591 AA genotype exhibited a worse overall survival (adjusted HR = 1.69; 95% confidence interval = 1.29–2.20; P = 0.0001).

Conclusion: The rs967591G>A affects CD3EAP expression and thus influences survival in early-stage NSCLC. The analysis of the rs967591G>A polymorphism can help identify patients at high risk of a poor disease outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 19(15); 4185–95. ©2013 AACR.