bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transferencia tecnológica en el área de adicciones: El programa de intervención breve para adolescentes, retos y perspectivas
Authors: Martínez Martínez Kalina Isela , Medina-Mora Icaza María Elena
Published: April 2016

Los conocimientos que proporciona la psicología deben dar respuesta a diferentes problemáticas, lo que sólo puede lograrse cuando los hallazgos obtenidos por evidencia científica son asequibles a otros grupos científicos, y núcleos sociales, a fin de que éstos logren apropiarse y usarlos para solucionar problemas, mejorar su calidad de vida o prevenir una situación potencial de riesgo. Sin embargo, con frecuencia se observan diferentes barreras para la utilización efectiva de los conocimientos. Además, se tiene la falsa impresión de que la investigación en las ciencias de salud resulta una actividad poco responsiva ante las necesidades de los actores sociales que podrían beneficiarse de su uso. En este contexto, en el presente artículo se presenta una revisión general del concepto de transferencia tecnológica, los modelos que se han desarrollado para llevar a cabo ésta y un ejemplo de cómo se ha iniciado la transferencia de un programa de intervención en el ámbito de las adicciones en México y cuáles son sus retos para el avance de dicho proceso y su posible adopción en centros de atención a las adicciones. Se concluye que, para cumplir con la incorporación de tratamientos en instituciones de atención de adicciones, hace falta evaluar la efectividad del programa de intervención breve en escenarios clínicos, cumplir con todos los indicadores CONSORT de los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados e integrar al proceso de transferencia cuatro aspectos principales: 1. propiciar un mayor acercamiento con los profesionales de la salud; 2. permitir la “reinvención” del programa dentro de un contexto de colaboración entre los actores involucrados y evaluar dicho proceso; 3. considerar limitaciones, recursos, objetivos y prácticas de la institución donde se pretende transferir el programa y 4. ofrecer seguimiento a largo plazo para evaluar el éxito de la adopción de la innovación.
Oliver Sacks: In memoriam
Authors: Estañol Bruno ,   Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán., Borgstein Johannes ,   Departamento de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Tergooi, Blaricum, Holanda.
Published: April 2016

When a man dies no one can substitute him. He is dead, and no one can think or feel or write about what he saw, felt or thought, because that person was unique and no one saw the world quite like him. The tragedy is worse when that person had created a vision of the world than no one had conceived before him.
Readiness and barriers to adopt evidence-based practices for substance abuse treatment in Mexico
Authors: Horigian Viviana E ,   Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Espinal Paula S , Alonso Elizabeth , Verdeja Rosa E , Duan Rui , Usaga Ingrid M , Pérez Alejandro , Marín-Navarrete Rodrigo , Feaster Daniel J ,   Clinical Trials Unit on Addiction and Mental Health. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Introduction. Evidence shows a lag in adoption of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for substance abuse treatment and supports the need for studying the factors involved in this worldwide problem.

Objective. This study aimed to assess the readiness and barriers to adopt EBPs for substance abuse in a sample of outpatient treatment centers of a newly created Mexican Clinical Trials Network.

Method. An online survey was administered to directors (n = 8) and clinicians (n = 40) from seven outpatient treatment centers in Mexico. Questions were obtained from two surveys that had been implemented in the US to assess the same objectives.

Results. Respondents reported being more ready to adopt Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT, 83.3%) and Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET, 79.1%), compared to 12 step facilitation (58.3%), couples therapy (56.2%), Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT, 66.6%), and motivational incentives (60.4%). Directors had lower mean resistance to EBPs (11.8 vs. 17.4; p = 0.01) than clinicians. The biggest barriers identified by directors to EBP adoption were not having enough clinical staff, being unable to afford well-trained staff, not enough psychiatric and medical support.

Discussion and conclusion. CBT and MET emerged as the most frequently used evidence based practices in the sites that are part of the Mexican Clinical Trials Network. Staff positive attitudes towards EBPs are critical for adoption.
Las aportaciones de 40 años de investigación epidemiológica en México sobre consumo de solventes inhalables
Authors: Martínez Nora Angélica ,   Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz., Sánchez Graciela Yazmín , Vázquez Lucía , Tiburcio Marcela Alejandra ,   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Published: April 2016

Resumen

Antecedentes. El estudio del consumo de solventes inhalables en México se inició en la década de 1970 y a pesar de que por periodos ha disminuido el interés en el mismo, éste no ha desaparecido y debido a que el consumo prevalece entre la población joven, es relevante actualizar el estado del arte en la materia.

Objetivo. Identificar el estado del conocimiento sobre los solventes inhalables, las consecuencias, las alternativas de prevención y su tratamiento en las cuatro últimas décadas en México.

Método. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica entre agosto y septiembre de 2014, de los artículos publicados entre 1970 y 2014 sobre el consumo de solventes inhalables en México. Se integraron publicaciones incluidas en el archivo histórico de la Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, en la revista SALUD MENTAL, Medline, Elsevier y Scielo México.

Resultados. Se identificaron 1083 artículos, 83 cumplieron con todos los criterios para ser incluidos en el análisis. Estos trabajos se realizaron en diferentes poblaciones: grupos marginales, integrantes de bandas juveniles, niños en situación de calle, adultos y menores recluidos en centros de detención, sexoservidoras, personas que acuden a solicitar tratamiento, estudiantes y población general.

Discusión y conclusión. Se identificaron diferentes aspectos relevantes de la población consumidora de solventes inhalables en nuestro país, así como acciones pendientes en materia de investigación, con lo que se pueden desarrollar programas de prevención y tratamiento que atiendan las necesidades específicas de estos grupos, ya que son pocos los programas existentes y algunos no han tenido seguimiento o evaluación.
Intervenciones cognitivo conductuales para diabéticos en México
Authors: González-Cantero Joel Omar ,   Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo., Oropeza-Tena Roberto
Published: April 2016

Resumen

Antecedentes. La diabetes mellitus (DM) tiene una alta prevalencia en México. Se estima que sólo una cuarta parte de los casos está metabólicamente controlada. Se requiere de intervenciones eficaces que coadyuven a controlarla, como las cognitivo conductuales.

Objetivo. Realizar una revisión por temas de las intervenciones cognitivo conductuales utilizadas en México para mejorar el control de la DM.

Método. Las intervenciones cognitivo conductuales para la revisión se obtuvieron de bases de datos (Redalyc, Dialnet, SciELO), el Catálogo TESIUNAM, centros de documentación especializados, libros, referencias de los estudios analizados y consulta a expertos. Se incluyeron trabajos realizados entre 1990 y 2014. Se analizaron variables relacionadas con la intervención y para evaluar las características metodológicas se utilizaron los criterios del CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials / Estándares Consolidados de Reporte de Ensayos).

Resultados. Fueron incluidos diecinueve estudios que cumplían con los criterios necesarios. 11 intervenciones buscaban mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento y/o al autocuidado; 11 mejorar el estado de ánimo y 10 buscaban aumentar la calidad de vida y/o bienestar psicológico. De los 19 estudios, 18 reportaron resultados favorables para el control de la DM. Sólo dos estudios cumplieron con más del 50% de los criterios sugeridos por el CONSORT.

Discusión y conclusión. Los alcances de las intervenciones son cortos, ya que las muestras de los estudios apenas promedian 26.21 participantes y los periodos de seguimiento promedian 2.15 meses. La mayoría de los estudios no cumple (o solo parcialmente) con los criterios del CONSORT, lo cual pone en discusión los efectos alcanzados en las intervenciones.
Doped and Decorated Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Matos J. , Filatov S.A. , Ahremkova G.S. , Solovei D.V. , Dolgikh M.N. , Kuczynski G.S. , Batirev E.V.
Published: April 2016

This work shows the preliminary results concerning to the synthesis or modification of carbon-based nanomaterials by plasma discharge, magnetron sputtering, and chemical vapor deposition methodologies. As a first approach to show the potential of these techniques, scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed in order to verify morphological changes and to proof that it is possible to design the morphology of doped and decorated carbon nanomaterials. In spite of none further characterization was performed, from the discussion of results in literature, it can be suggest that these methods would permit to design novel carbon-based nanomaterials
for the energy production and storage, catalytic and photocatalytic processes related with environment and green chemistry applications.
Complex Processing of Industrial Products and Lead-Copper Concentrates
Authors: Dauletbakov T.S. , Mambetaliyeva A.R. , Dosmukhamedov N.K. , Zhandauletova F.R. , Moldabaeva G.Z.
Published: April 2016

This article describes the modern technologies of processing of industrial products and copper-lead waste products, and their physical and chemical properties as well as laboratory tests for processing slurries and zinc slags. Experiments have shown that the temperature of the melt in the reduction of lead-containing slag should be within 1100–1200 °C. The key criteria for separating melting products to different phases are the difference in density, viscosity and surface tension of the melted slag. The separation of the molten slag to the phases and the reduction of the settling time of the melt in the furnace will be promoted by the increasing the density and surface tension of the lead and matte-molten slag, and reduction in viscosity of the latter. The processing of lead-copper-zinc containing sulfide raw material was carried by the reduction smelting method and the purging of melt with a natural gas at a rectangular electric furnace. Dust collection system was connected to the furnace through the duct work. The feedstock loading was carried out through the furnace crown. The purging of melt with natural gas was performed after the melting of the charge using the immersed gas supply tube. The gaseous products were derived from the melting furnace through the flue. The gas supply tube was fitted with a gear system to adjust the depth of the tube immersion. As results of experiments were obtained sharply separable intermediates with a high degree of concentration: lead into lead bullion to 92–94%; copper into matte to 90–91%; zinc to the slag and sublimates to 94–96%. Thus the material costs for processing of copper matte and zinc slag will be reduced and the yield of sublimates consisting primarily of vapor and metallic zinc sulfide will be decreased.
Technological methods of sesquiterpene lactones extraction from raw materials
Authors: Khabarov I.A.
Published: April 2016

Methods of sesquiterpene lactones extraction used in pharmaceutical manufacture have been summarized. The alternative method of extraction and purification of sesquiterpene lactones of arglabin and leucomisin has been offered.
Structural Design of Nanoporous Silica Polyamine Composites for Metal Separations in Water
Authors: Rosenberg Edward , Hughes Mark , Wood Jessica
Published: April 2016

Over the past ten years research at the University of Montana in collaboration with Purity Systems Inc, both located in Missoula, Montana, has resulted in a novel class of chelator materials composed of amorphous, nanoporous silica gels and modified polyamines. These materials offer some distinct advantages over conventional polystyrene based resins especially for applications in the mining industry. This paper will report on the relationship between polymer structure and metal selectivity, the relationship between chelator structure and metal selectivity and further comparisons with polystyrene analogs.
State of the Active Component and Catalytic Properties of Pd/C Cata- lysts on the Selective Hydrogenation of Butadiene-1,3 into Butylenes
Authors: Chesnokov V.V. , Prosvirin I.P. , Zaikovskii V.I. , Zaitseva N.A.
Published: April 2016

Palladium (0.25-5.8 wt.%) was supported on three different types of filamentous carbon in which the basal graphite planes are arranged along, crosswise and at a 45° angle to the axis of a nanofiber. HREM, XPS and X-ray techniques were used to study the state of high dispersed Pd particles supported on the
 filamentous carbon. It was established that the type of the carbon support affects the properties of the active component. The high disperse Pd particles most strongly interact with the prismatic planes of graphite to provide electron transfer from palladium to the support, which stabilizes palladium in a more dispersed state. Because of this strong interaction, Pd2+ is stabilized in the ionic state. A change in the properties of the palladium particles initiates changes in the catalytic properties of Pd/C catalysts in the reaction of selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene into butylenes. An increase in the fraction of Pd2+ in the catalyst composition results in the decrease of both total activity and selectivity of Pd/C catalysts in the considered reaction.
Deep Oxidation of Fluorinated Hydrocarbons in Molten Catalysts
Authors: Chekryshkin Yu.S. , Rozdyalovskaya T.A. , Ismagilov Z.R. , Kerzhentsev M.A. , Tetenova O.A. , Fedorov A.A.
Published: April 2016

The oxidation of fluorine-containing organic substances: fluorocarbon liquid M-1, fluorinated alcohol H(CF2)8CH2OH, and powder polytetrafluoroethylene with air has been studied in melts: NaOH; 43 mol.% LiCl  - 33 mol.% NaCl - 24 mol.% KCl (eutectic mixture); (LiCl-NaCl-KCl)eutec. + 10 mass.% V2O5; (LiCl-NaCl-KCl) eutec. + 15 mass.% V2O5; 56 mol.% Na2CO3 - 44 mol.% K2CO3 (eutectic), (Na2CO3 K2CO3)eutect. + 15 mass.% V2O5, and K3V5O14. The compositions of the melts have been examined by GC, DTA, chemical analysis and XRD, and they have been shown to change during the reaction, depending on the composition and partial pressure of the gaseous products over the melt surface. The alkali metal chloride melt containing 15 mass.% V2O5 has been found to be most stable to the action of fluorine compounds. Possibility of deep oxidation of fluorine-containing organic substances in melts based on hydroxides, carbonates and chlorides of alkali metals doped with oxides of vanadium has been proved. The process of deep oxidation of fluorinated hydrocarbons is accompanied by formation of an equilibrium mixture containing hydroxides, carbonates, chlorides and fluorides of alkali metals, as well as their vanadates, if V2O5 additive is used. The relative amounts of these substances in molten systems are determined by the partial pressure of oxygen, CO2 and water vapor.
Moist Corrosion and Surface Protection of YBCO Superconductors
Authors: Soh Deawha , Fan Zhanguo , Korobova N.
Published: April 2016

The critical currents of sintered YBa2Cu3O6.5+δwere measured as the variables with the corrosive time in the humid air. The corrosive process was studied by means of the current changes. Ag coating on the textured YBCO and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating on the sintered YBCO were prepared. The critical current densities of different YBCO samples with and without coatings were compared. Both Ag coating and PTFE coating can well protect YBCO from moisture and CO2.
Novel Polymer Composites on the Basis of Arylalicyclic Polyimide Blends. II. Polyimide/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Blend
Authors: Kudaikulova Saule , Musapirova Zulfiya , Sarieva Rakhima , Abilova Mariya , Iskakov Rinat , Zhubanov Bulat , Abadie Marc J.M.
Published: April 2016

The new composite material based on arylalicyclic polyimide and poly(ethylene terephthalate) are being reported. Synthesis and blend preparation methods and their physical-chemical and physical-mechanical properties were investigated. It was observed widening of bands in FTIR spectra, in comparison with the composites reported from our earlier studies. However, it was not detected any physical-chemical interactions between two ingredients of the blend, which could be characterized as a typically compatible polymer blend at the content of PETP up to 25 wt.%. Such new polyimide composite could be utilized as
devices, which show both high thermoresistance and stability of polyimide and elastic properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate).
Novel Polymer Composites on the Basis of Arylalicyclic Polyimide Blends. I. Polyimide/Polycarbonate & Polyimide/Polysulphone Blends
Authors: Kudaikulova Saule , Musapirova Zulfiya , Sobarina Natalya , Umerzakova Maira , Iskakov Rinat , Zhubanov Bulat , Abadie Marc J.M.
Published: April 2016

The new composite materials based on dianhydride of tricyclodecentetracarbon acid and oxydianiline with two other thermally stable polymers, such as polycarbonate and polysulphone, are being reported. The synthesis of the polyimide blends was done through two ways: mechanical mixing of two homopolymer  ingredients; and the so-called chemical mixing of polyimide comonomers with the above-mentioned polymers. The physico-chemical and physico-mechanical properties have been manifested in a broadening of their performance characteristics. It was not found any physical-chemical interactions between the two ingredients of the blend, which indicates the formation of a typical compatible polymer blend with an appropriate miscibility. Such new polyimide composite could be an ideal candidate for the preparation of reflective and conductive metallized polyimide blend films with wide mechanical performances.
Electric and Optical Properties of Polyimide Surface Films Modified by Metals
Authors: Prikhodko Oleg , Kudaikulova Saule , Abadie Marc J.M.
Published: April 2016

Electric and optical properties of polymer films, which were prepared on the basis of polyimides and metallized by binary aggregates Ag with Ni and Co, have been investigated. The metallized polyimide films with additional coating from Ni, Au and Rh have been studied too. It has been found that the temperature dependence of the specific surface resistance in the metallized films at the temperature from 25 up to 160 oC was in the well agreement with linear law. The specific surface resistance at 20 oC and temperature coefficient showed low values and was 0.16-2.24 Ω and 0.69×10-4-19.18×10-4 K-1 respectively. The film reflection coefficient in visible spectrum field at wavelength of 530 nm was 75% and essentially enlarged with wavelength increasing.
The Microhardness as an Express Method for Estimation the Depth of Metal Particle Distribution
Authors: Muhina L.L. , Razumovskaja I.V. , Kudaikulova S.K. , Zhubanov B.A. , Abadie M.J.M.
Published: April 2016

By measurement of microhardness of silver layer on polyimide films and its reduction after removing the stress, the depth of silver distribution in the polyimide films was calculated. A significant hardening of Kapton 100 HN films was observed especially for cobalt-impregnated materials, which was about 10 μm. The distribution of silver in the film layers was obviously deeper that manifested as entirely lower hardening at microhardness measurement. Because of the initial microhardness of Upilex it was observed strong hardening of the effort, which was led to shallow distribution of metals in the films. For example, Cometallized films showed 5 μm distribution in the top film layers. Such method could allow precisely and rapidly estimating the distribution of metal particles impregnated in metallized polymeric materials.
Potentiometric Control of Metal Concentration for Chelation Kinetics of Modified Polyimide Films
Authors: Akhmetova Juldyz , Moisseyevich Olga , Kurbatov Andrey , Akhmetov Tleuken , Kudaikulova Saule , Zhubanov Bulat , Abadie Marc J.M.
Published: April 2016

Interaction of modified polyimide films with agrentium nitrate solutions of various concentrations was studied. Sorption of Ag ions by films is divided into three steps: formation of Ag ion layer on the border of film surface; diffusion inside the films; and final saturation of film by Ag ions. The data are confirmed by calculation of weight of the sorbed Ag ions onto the films with various thicknesses. Electrochemical Ag loading of PI films includes two parallel reactions: film dissolution accompanied by chelation.
Licenciaturas e educação infantil: desafios para a formação inicial
Authors: Nascimento Simone Maria De Bastos
Published: April 2016

Este artigo apresenta resultados de projeto de pesquisa que discute a relação entre formação inicial em nível superior e os conhecimentos para atuar na educação infantil adquiridos em cursos de três licenciaturas. O objetivo foi investigar se as grades curriculares das licenciaturas apresentam disciplinas que contemplam questões relativas ao atendimento da criança de 0 a 5 anos, bem como problematizar a formação inicial para a docência e identificar desafios para a atuação do profissional na educação infantil. Superar a fragmentação entre os conhecimentos adquiridos na formação inicial e os conhecimentos necessários para a atuação na educação infantil requer romper com estruturas curriculares engessadas que concentram esforços em conhecimentos específicos da área de formação sem formar declaradamente para a docência.
Case Study on Hurricane Sandy Survivors Experience
Authors: TENNYSON DONNA , DIALA IFY
Published: April 2016

The goal of this qualitative single-case study was to investigate the problem with more than 50% of Americans admitting they are not prepared for natural disasters before they occur. The sample for this study was 24 purposively selected Hurricane Sandy survivors in New York and New Jersey who were 25 years of age or older. Data was collected through ten open-ended interview questions presented during telephone interviews. This study was guided by the theoretical framework of normative risk management decision making. Thematic analysis was used to code and analyze the data collected. This study was focused on answering two broad research questions related to why more than 50% of Americans are not prepared for natural disasters before they occur and the factors that prevent them from preparing. The major recommendations for future research and practice were related to the lack of a distinction between individuals who perceive they are prepared (who are deemed unprepared according to regulatory guidelines) and the possibility they are included with the more than 50% of Americans who are not prepared although they require modification of preparedness behavior while individuals who are not prepared require adoption of preparedness behavior. The other recommendations describe the factors that prevent individuals from preparing as lack of notification and signaling communications that indicate a natural disaster is imminent and expected to be severe; and individual disbelief in the validity of the communications. This study contributes to filling the gap in the literature related to the lived experience with natural disasters.
Textos y glosas nº 1
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 1 de Barataria.

Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).
L’immigrato e il malintenso della sicurezza: L’influenza del frame sicuritario nella sperimentazione di una practica innovative di mediazione culturale su strada
Authors: Romania Vincenzo
Published: April 2016

Questo paper intende analizzare le dinamiche di costruzione di ruolo sorte nella sperimentazione del servizio dei “facilitatori culturali”, una innovative figura di mediazione culturale su strada introdotta dal Comune di Padova nel 2007. Mi focalizzerò, soprattutto, sui malintesi prodotti dal frame della sicurezza che nell’opinione pubblica viene tipicamente associato al tema delle immigrazioni. I risultati principali di questa analisi mettono in luce come le strategie individuale di coping dei facilitatori gli abbiano permesso di mettere in pratica il ruolo, malgrado il già citato frame securitario, nella società locale.
Publicidad y sociedad. De la denotación imaginaria a la connotación real
Authors: De Juan Amat Ana
Published: April 2016

El presente ensayo pretende invitar al lector a hacer una reflexión sobre la influencia de la publicidad en el imaginario colectivo. El emplazamiento de marcas es una potente herramienta de comunicación muy utilizada por los anunciantes como parte de su estrategia comercial. Los motivos son de gran peso: el coste del emplazamiento de marcas en la ficción es mucho más económico que la contratación de un spot en el bloque publicitario; del mismo modo, el anunciante se garantiza una gran eficacia, pues el producto o la marca es visto por el propio público objetivo del empresario, ya que éste es altamente coincidente con el segmento social seguidor de la obra audiovisual.

La clave persuasiva nace de la identificación de los personajes por parte de los espectadores, sobre todo cuando vuelven a casa tras un agotador día y esperan ansiosos poder disfrutar de la propiedad terapéutica televisiva que antaño proporcionaba el cine.
Textos y glosas nº 4
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 4 de Barataria.

Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).
Textos y glosas nº 7
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 7 de Barataria.

Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).
Enfoque sociológico para el estudio del liderazgo político
Authors: Jiménez Díaz José Francisco
Published: April 2016

En este trabajo se desarrolla un enfoque sociológico para el estudio del liderazgo político. El enfoque sociológico del liderazgo está relacionado con su proceso de construcción social. Este proceso es analizado mediante los dos conceptos principales del “constructivismo estructuralista” de Bourdieu: habitus y campo del líder político. Conceptos que expresan las dimensiones subjetivas y objetivas del fenómeno del liderazgo y que se manifiestan en tres procesos interrelacionados: la socialización, la institucionalización y la legitimación de las prácticas políticas del líder.
Il caso Italia tra boom migratorio e crisi politica. Riflessioni su un paese malato
Authors: Tardivo Giuliano
Published: April 2016

Il successo, nelle elezioni italiane, di forze politiche “antisistema” come la Lega Nord o l’estrema destra, piú contrarie all’immigrazione e piú inclini a slogan intolleranti, dimostra le mille contraddizioni di una societá che ha bisogno degli immigrati e che fatica ad accettarli socialmente. La lunga transizione, incominciata nel 1992, é ben lungi dal terminare, e la crisi politica, economica, sociale, sembra aver incattivito gli italiani. Ma puó un paese con 60 milioni di oriundi perdere improvvisamente, nel giro di pochi decenni, la sua memoria storica?.Intanto, fra pregiudizi e comitati che si oppongono alla costruzione di nuove moschee, timori di invasioni e disordine legislativo, si scopre che in Italia il numero di stranieri non é poi cosí alto come molti pensano e che molti settori dell’economia continuano a richiederne di piú. In attesa di una integrazione che ancora non c’è.
Pengaruh Teknik Marmet terhadap Kelancaran Air Susu Ibu dan Kenaikan Berat Badan Bayi
Authors: Widiastuti Anita , Arifah Siti , Rachmawati Wiwin Renny
Published: April 2016

AbstrakBayi lahir cukup bulan memiliki naluri menyusu 20 - 30 menit setelah dilahirkan. Namun, fakta menunjukkan produksi dan ejeksi air susu ibu (ASI) yang sedikit di hari-hari pertama menyebabkan banyak ibu yang mengalami ketidakefektifan proses menyusui. Tidak terproduksinya ASI diakibatkan karena kurangnya rangsangan hormon prolaktin. Teknik marmet merupakan perpaduan memerah dan memijat payudara pada ibu nifas yang dapat merangsang hormon pada proses menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh teknik marmet dengan masase payudara pada ibu nifas tiga hari postpartum terhadap kelancaran ASI dan kenaikan berat badan bayi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-experimental bentuk perbandingan kelompok statistik yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Grabag Kabupaten Magelang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 40 responden postpartum pada September - November 2014. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Mann Whitney U. Teknik marmet dan masase payudara dalam memengaruhi kelancaran ASI secara statistik terdapat perbedaan (nilai p = 0,047). Sedangkan perbedaan dalam memengaruhi berat badan bayi diperoleh nilai p = 0,038 sehingga secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan. Pemberian perlakuan teknik marmet menyebabkan pengeluaran ASI lebih lancar, tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan teknik marmet dengan masase payudara dalam memengaruhi kenaikan berat badan bayi.AbstractVigorous babies have suckling instinct for 20 - 30 minutes after born.However, the fact shows the low production and ejection of breastfeed in the first days cause many mothers have ineffective breastfeeding problem. The lack of prolactin hormone stimulus affects breastfeed cannot be produced. Marmet technique is a combination of breast dairy and massage in puerperium mothers that can stimulate hormone during breastfeeding. This study aimed to compare effects of both marmet technique and breast massage in three-days postpartum mothers on the smoothness of breastfeeding and baby weight gain. This study used pre-experimental design with statistical group comparison conducted in Grabag Primary Health Care, Magelang District. The samples used were 40 postpartum mother respondents on September - November 2014. The statistical test used Mann Whitney U-Test. Marmet technique and breast massage affecting the smoothness of breastfeeding were statistically different (p value = 0.047). Meanwhile, the difference in affecting baby weight gain reached p value = 0.038, so statistically no difference found. The treatment of marmet technique affects breastfeeding smoother, yet no difference found between marmet technique and breast massage in affecting the baby weight gain.
Asma pada anak Indonesia: Penyebab dan Pencetus
Authors: Dharmayanti Ika , Hapsari Dwi , Azhar Khadijah
Published: April 2016

AbstrakAsma merupakan penyakit kronis yang dapat mengganggu kualitas hidup.Hingga saat ini, jumlah penderita asma semakin meningkat termasuk diIndonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asma dan pencetus asma pada anak usia 6 - 14 tahun di Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2013 di 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Variabel bebas adalah karakteristik responden, faktor lingkungan, dan perilaku merokok anak dan orangtua. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki, kondisi sosial ekonomi rendah, riwayat asma pada orangtua, anak yang merokok atau pernah merokok, dan orangtua yang merokok atau pernah merokok adalah faktor risiko yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan tinggi kejadian asma pada anak (nilai p < 0,05). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan secara bermakna (nilai p > 0,05) adalah usia, kepadatan hunian, bahan bakar memasak, penerangan dalam rumah, dan penanganan sampah. Lima pencetus utama asma pada anak adalah udara dingin, flu dan infeksi, kelelahan, debu, dan asap rokok. Oleh karena itu, orangtua harus mendorong anak untuk bergaya hidup sehat agar anak terhindar dari serangan asma.AbstractAsthma is a chronic disease that can disrupt quality of life. Up to now, thenumber of asthma is more increasing including in Indonesia. This studyaimed to identify factors related to the incidence and triggers of asthmaamong 6 - 14 year-old children in Indonesia. Method of study was cross sectional design using 2013 Basic Health Research data in 33 provinces over Indonesia. Independent variables were characteristics of respondents, environmental factors and smoking behavior of children and parents.Theanalysis result showed that male sex, low socio-economic status, parentalasthma record, children and parental smoking were the risk factors significantly related to the increasing prevalence of asthma incidence among children (p value < 0.05). Meanwhile, age, housing density, cooking fuel, home lighting and waste handling were the other variables significantly not related (p value > 0.05). Five potential triggers of asthma in children are cold weather, flu and infections, fatigue, dust and tobacco smoke. Therefore, parents should encourage their children to get a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent them from asthma attack.
Perilaku Seksual Berisiko Pengguna Narkotika
Authors: Sitorus Rico Januar , Natalia Merry
Published: April 2016

AbstrakPenyalahgunaan narkotika yang melakukan hubungan seksual sebelummenikah, dan berganti-ganti mitra seksual merupakan perilaku berisiko.Masalah yang diakibatkan penyalahgunaan narkotika sangat kompleks,seperti masalah sosial dan kesehatan. Kecenderungan pengguna narkotika melakukan perilaku seksual dini dan tidak aman semakin memperparah kondisi kualitas hidup pecandu dan tentunya berdampak besar pada kelangsungan hidup di masa depan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui determinan perilaku seksual berisiko di kalangan pengguna narkotika. Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder kajian rekam medis di instalasi Medical Psikiatric Evaluation di rumah sakit ketergantungan obat (RSKO) Jakarta tahun 2013. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien ketergantungan narkotika yang dirawat inap di RSKO Cibubur selama tahun 2013. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang dirawat inap berjumlah 74 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa mayoritas responden telah melakukan perilaku seksual berisiko, yaitu sebesar 82,4% dengan usia pertama kali berhubungan seksual ≤ 17 tahun sebesar 78,4%. Usia pertama kali berhubungan seksual ≤ 17 tahun merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual berisiko di kalangan pecandu narkotika. Model akhir analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa pengguna narkotika yang telah melakukan hubungan seksual ≤ 17 tahun berpeluang 6,74 kali (CI = 1,84 – 24,73) untuk melakukan perilaku seksual berisiko dibandingkan dengan pengguna narkotika > 17 tahun.AbstractNarcotic abuse having premarital sexual intercourse and multiple sexualpartners is risky behavior. Problems caused by narcotic abuse are verycomplex, such as social and health problems. Tendency of narcotic userscommitting early and unsafe sexual intercourse worsen condition of the addict’s quality of life and definitely has a big impact on life survival in the future. This study aimed to determine determinants of risky sexual behavior among narcotic users. The method was cross sectional study using secondary data of medical record assessment at Medical PsikiatricEvaluation installation in Jakarta hospital for drug addicts in 2013. The study population was narcotic-addicted patients hospitalized at Cibubur Hospital for Drug Addicts within 2013. Sample of this study was all hospitalized patients amounted to 74 respondents. Data analysis used was univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results proved that most respondents had committed risky sexual behaviors worth 82.4% in which the age of first intercourse ≤ 17 years old worth 78.4%. The age of first intercourse ≤ 17 years old was the most influential variable to risky sexual behavior among narcotic addicts. The final model of multivariate analysis showed that narcotic users who committed sexual intercourse ≤ 17 years had 6.74 times opportunity (CI = 1.84 – 24.73) to commit risky sexual behavior than > 17 yearold narcotic users.
Haemoglobinopathies among the tribal and non-tribal antenatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital of rural West Bengal, India
Authors: Chakrabarti Srabani , Mandal Kajari , Pathak Swapan , Patra Arabinda , Pal Subrata
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Anaemia in pregnancy is still a major concern in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in India particularly in rural population. Haemoglobinopathies are important contributors to anaemia in pregnancy in rural India particularly in tribal population. Beta thalassemia is the commonest type of haemoglobinopathy all over the world. Thalassemia and other haemoglobinopathies are highly prevalent among the tribal communities in West Bengal. Bankura is one of the districts of West Bengal where more tribal population are present. So detection and prevention of thalassemias is one of the major public health problems in this part of the state of West Bengal. Study done by Manna et al4 showed that about 10% of the population is carrier of haemoglobin disorder. This study was taken up to document the recent prevalence status of hemoglobinopathies particularly Thalassemias and coexistence of iron deficiency anaemiasObjective: To find out prevalence of haemoglobinopathies and to compare the prevalence of different types of Thalassemias among the antenatal mothers.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in Bankura Sammilani Medical College (BSMC), Bankura West Bengal among 3500 tribal and non-tribal antenatal mothers. Cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is being used for investigation for hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias. Together with a complete blood count, the CE-HPLC is effective in categorizing hemoglobinopathies as traits, homozygous disorders and compound heterozygous disorders.Results: In our study 275 mothers had haemoglobinopathy. The commonest disorder we encountered was Beta Thalassemia trait (57.5%), followed by HbE carrier (36%), homozygous HbE disease (1%), HbS carrier (4%), HbE Beta Thalassemia (1.5%).Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.90-94
Assessment of the health related quality of life in patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study
Authors: Mann Ishtpreet , Khubber Manisha , Gupta Ashwani K , Matreja Prithpal Singh , Rao Harbir K
Published: April 2016

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic disorders, inadequate management of these two disorders leads to several complications and end organ damage that can impair health related quality of life (HRQoL) in these individuals. Several studies in hypertensive patients concluded that hypertension reduced HRQoL and participants with diabetes also reported comparably decreased HRQoL. The data on HRQoL in patients suffering from both hypertension and diabetes is limited hence we designed this study to assess health related quality of life in patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus.Methodology: This single centre, cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 months between April and August 2013 in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients suffering from hypertension were recruited in study and were divided into two groups, Group 1 consisted of patient suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus whereas Group 2 consisted of patients suffering from hypertension. Patients were assessed on Short form health Survey (SF-36) and the WHOQOL  Bref scores. Results: A total of 85 patients were screened out of which 41 patients were enrolled in the study, 21 patients in Group 1 and 20 patients in group 2. The SF-36 Scores showed significantly (p<0.05) worse pain scores in patients in Group 2. Patients in Group 1 had a better quality of life as compared to other group as evident by higher scores in most of the parameters of SF-36 and WHO-QOL Bref Score, though it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Both groups had compromised quality of life; patients with hypertension and diabetes had a better quality of life.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.84-89
Clinicopathological features of chronic myeloid leukemia at diagnosis: Study of a series of 46 cases
Authors: Olasunkanmi Shittu Akeem , Babatunde A S , Adewoye A O
Published: April 2016

Introduction: A variety of symptoms and signs are said to be common at diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia, but their exact incidence is not well documented. There are conflicting opinions on the incidences of the symptoms and signs.Subjects and methodology: This is a retrospective study whereby the clinical and laboratory features of 46 patients diagnosed as chronic myeloid leukemia at different phases between 1999 and 2009 were retrieved from their case files and analyzed.Results: Of all the patients, 38, 6 and 2 presented in chronic, accelerated and blastic phases respectively. The mean age of the series was 38.3 years (range 17-68 years). The peak age of presentation was 31-40 years (30.48%) followed by 21-30 years (26.1%), 41-50 (21.7%), above 50 years (17.4%) and 10-20 years (4.3%). There was a slight male preponderance 24:22 (1.09:1) with 65% of patients being married and 35% single. Occupation wise, the ratio of petrochemical and benzene related jobs to others was 3:43 (0.07:1). Spleneomegally was the commonest presenting clinical feature in this series and was reported in 44 (95.6%) of our patients. Others were anemia, weight loss, fever, hepatomegally and night sweat.Conclusion: Because of unavailability and unaffordability of the sophisticated diagnostic tools like quantitative PCR in developing worlds, there is need for clinicians to be up to date with the usual and common clinical and laboratory features of chronic myeloid leukemia.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.20-24
Pattern of anxiety psychopathology experienced among postgraduate medical trainees
Authors: Olagunju Andrew Toyin , Ogundipe Olasimbo Adenike , Lasebikan Victor Olufolahan , Coker Ayodele Olurotimi , Asoegwu Chinyere Nkiruka
Published: April 2016

Objectives: Postgraduate medical training is characteristically intensive and stressful. Given that anxiety disorders are often linked with stress-related scenarios; awareness of the burden of anxiety disorders among postgraduate medical trainees and their determinants is essential for informed intervention. This study was set to investigate the pattern of anxiety psychopathology, and to determine its correlates among doctors in a Nigerian postgraduate medical training facility.Methods: The participants, made up of 204 resident doctors were administered questionnaire to elicit their socio-demographic and work related variables. Subsequently, 12- item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to ascertain the presence of emotional distress, and the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic & Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders- fourth edition [DSM-IV] Axis-1 Disorders, Non-patient edition (SCID-1/NP) was administered to characterize anxiety related psychopathology in the participants.Results: The mean age of participants was 33.44 (±4.50). In all, 120 (58.8%) respondents reported various difficulties with their examinations, 14(8.3%) reported having physical disorder and 59(28.9%) respondents were emotionally distressed. The prevalence of anxiety psychopathology based on DSM-IV criteria was 13.2% and the pattern elicited based on recognised categories include generalized anxiety disorder (4.9%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (3.4%), specific phobia (2.4%), social phobia (1.5%) and substance induced anxiety disorders (1.0%). Having additional qualification to the medical degree seems protective against anxiety psychopathology (?2= 3.91; df=1; p<0.05), while those with emotional distress (?2=17.54; df=1; p<0.001) were more likely to experience anxiety.Conclusion: Comprehensive and need-based mental health services with psychosocial support for trainee doctors are implied. Future research focusing on modifiable predictors of mental health challenges among resident doctors and their linkage with specific aspects of training is indicated.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.25-32
Dyslipidemia in Type II Diabetes Mellitus - An assessment of the main lipoprotein abnormalities
Authors: Goel Seema , Garg Prem Kumar , Malhotra Varun , Madan Jyotsna , Mitra Subir , Grover Shruti
Published: April 2016

Background: Diabetes is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases and underlying lipid abnormalities. Dyslipidemia, a modifiable risk factor is often underdiagnosed and undertreated in our patients. Its early identification can make aggressive cardiovascular preventive management possible. This report seeks to determine the prevalence and pattern of lipid abnormalities in type II diabetes mellitus.Methods: The lipid profiles and fasting blood sugar values of 100 known diabetics were studied. Their serum samples were assessed for fasting blood glucose [FBG], total cholesterol [TC], triacylglycerol [TG], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] and high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] by using standard biochemical methods.Results: 83% of study subjects had lipid abnormalities. The mean TC, TG, LDL-C, and FBG levels were highly significant in the diabetics as compared to those in controls. It was found that 28% had hypercholesterolemia and 44% had hypertriglyceridemia. The mean HDL-C concentration was significantly high in female diabetics as compared to that in male diabetics. The correlation studies showed a non-significant negative correlation of FBG with TC, TG and LDL-C.Conclusion: In the diabetics, higher frequencies of high TC, high TG and high LDL-C levels are noted indicating diabetic patients were more prone for dyslipidemia which could cause cardiovascular disorders.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.99-102
Barriers and Challenges for Implementation of Janani Suraksha Yojna (JSY) from Gender Perspective in India
Authors: Nanjunda Devajana Chinnappa
Published: April 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.148-149
High Performance Team - Necessary in a Healthcare setting
Authors: Qureshi Yousuf , Dhaliwal Kiran
Published: April 2016

Researchers have concluded that teams are capable of outstanding performances and are the primary unit of performance for organizations. However High Performance Teams (HPTs) are a rarity. The paper discusses and analyzes the literature reviews on Definitions, Trust & Confidence, Conflict and Selection Processes linked to HPTs. It is imperative to note that HPTs are needed and are necessary in any healthcare setting as it improves the quality of services. The authors link the necessity of HPTs in healthcare facilities.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.10-14