bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Electrical Load On the Emulsification Methods of Inline Mixing System RTES Produced by The Static Mixer and Ultrasonic on Fuel Consumption and Emission Characteristics
Authors: Wan Mahdi Wan Nur Izzati , Ithnin Ahmad Muhsin , Yahya Wira Jazair , Abdul Rashid Muhammad Adib , Zaharim Muhamad Aliff , Ahmad Mikhael Mukhlasein , Abd Kadir Hasannuddin , Abdul Razak Ili Fatimah
Published: December 2020

The Water-in-Diesel emulsion (W/D emulsion) imposed the benefit of alternative fuel by reducing the main emission problems in the diesel engines such as Particulate Matters (PM) and Nitric Oxides (NOx) emissions. However, the main issue of W/D emulsion was dependency on surfactant which creates a huge barrier to commercialize this alternative fuel. Therefore, a new concept namely as the Real-Time Non-Surfactant Non-Emulsification System (RTES) was introduced to eliminate the surfactant in W/D emulsion. However, the effect of the electrical load of RTES operation in diesel engine vehicles is still unknown, especially on fuel consumption. Hence, this paper focussed on the effect of electrical load on the emulsification methods of inline mixing system RTES produced by the static mixer and ultrasonic on fuel consumption and emission characteristics. There are two different methods of emulsification made motor and static mixer (EMS) and motor, ultrasonic and static mixer (EMUS) from the RTES were tested of the light-duty lorry under the engine speed of 2200rpm. It is found that the electrical load from the operation of RTES increased the fuel consumption by 1.0% compared to the B10 fuel but reduced by 1.5% when the EMS emulsion fuel was applied. The EMS and EMUS emulsion exhibit the same pattern of NOx reduction by 7% However, EMS and EMUS increased by 20% and 16.5% for CO emission and 16.9% and 9.7% for HC emission respectively compared to B10 fuel. Overall, the electrical load in the RTES operation slightly consumed fuel consumption but the introduction of the static mixer in the RTES system had successfully be applied without deteriorated the benefit of emulsion fuel.
Turbulence Characteristics of Switchback and Nonswitchback Intervals Observed by Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Bourouaine Sofiane , Perez Jean C. , Klein Kristopher G. , Chen Christopher H. K. , Martinović Mihailo , Bale Stuart D. , Kasper Justin C. , Raouafi Nour E.
Published: December 2020

We use Parker Solar Probe (PSP) in situ measurements to analyze the characteristics of solar wind turbulence during the first solar encounter covering radial distances between 35.7R
⊙ and 41.7R
⊙. In our analysis we isolate so-called switchback (SB) intervals (folded magnetic field lines) from nonswitchback (NSB) intervals, which mainly follow the Parker spiral field. Using a technique based on conditioned correlation functions, we estimate the power spectra of Elsasser, magnetic, and bulk velocity fields separately in the SB and NSB intervals. In comparing the turbulent energy spectra of the two types of intervals, we find the following characteristics: (1) The decorrelation length of the backward-propagating Elsasser field z
− is larger in the NSB intervals than the one in the SB intervals; (2) the magnetic power spectrum in SB intervals is steeper, with spectral index close to −5/3, than in NSB intervals, which have a spectral index close to −3/2; (3) both SB and NSB turbulence are imbalanced with NSB having the largest cross-helicity, (4) the residual energy is larger in the SB intervals than in NSB, and (5) the analyzed fluctuations are dominated by Alfvénic fluctuations that are propagating in the sunward (antisunward) direction for the SB (NSB) turbulence. These observed features provide further evidence that the switchbacks observed by PSP are associated with folded magnetic field lines giving insight into their turbulence nature.
A Gamma-Ray Periodic Modulation in Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae
Authors: Zhang Peng-Fei , Zhou Jia-Neng , Yan Da-Hai , Yan Jing-Zhi , Fan Yi-Zhong , Fang Jun , Zhang Li
Published: December 2020

The globular cluster 47 Tucanae was first detected in gamma rays by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, and the gamma-ray emission has been widely attributed to the millisecond pulsars. In this work, we analyze the Fermi-LAT pass 8 data ranging from 2008 August to 2017 May and report the detection of a modulation with a period of 18.416 ± 0.008 hr at a significance level of  ∼4.8σ. This is the first time detecting a significant modulation with a period much longer than that of millisecond pulsars in gamma rays from globular clusters. The periodic modulation signal appears in the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) data as well. The phase-folded Chandra X-ray light curve of a point source may have provided an additional clue.
Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism FokI and 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels among Indonesian Diabetic Foot Patients
Authors: Raflis Raflis , Yuwono Hendro Sudjono , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Decroli Eva
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D and VDRs FokI has been reported to be strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through controlling inflammation of endothelial cells in diabetic foot cases. 
AIM: This study aimed to detect Vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphisms and to determine the Vitamin D levels among diabetic foot patients in sunlight-rich areas. 
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among diabetic foot patients who were treated as T2DM, from November 2016 to June 2018 in Padang city, Indonesia. There are an inclusion and exclusion criteria listed below. A questionnaire for symptoms-based screening, ankle brachial index (ABI) examination, fasting glucose, and HbA1c were measured. Electroimmunoassay (ECLIA) was used to determine Vitamin D levels as sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency. Polymerase chain reaction assay was addressed for VDR FokI genetic polymorphisms. Data were analyzed to evaluate the differences of explanatory variables (age, gender, duration of T2DM, fasting blood sugar, body mass index [BMI], HbA1c, and Vitamin D levels) across different genotypes of VDR FokI for three groups based on the absent T allele (ff: wild type homozygous, Ff: mutant heterozygous, and FF: mutant homozygous). 
RESULTS: Among 36 eligible subjects, 52.8% were females, 61.1% were <50 years old, 63.9% had normal BMI, and 86.1% had normal ABI. Vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were shown in 19.4%, 33.3%, and 47.2% of the subjects, respectively. The majority of VDR FokI gene polymorphisms were mutant heterozygous Ff (44.4%), wild type homozygous ff (13.9%), and mutant homozygous FF (41.7%). Results of one-way ANOVA showed that there were no differences of BMI, ABI, fasting blood glucose, Vitamin D levels, and Hb1AC status with the VDR FokI gene polymorphisms. Based on Vitamin D levels, most of the Vitamin D deficiency subjects had 31.2% VDR FokI Ff allele, 13.3% had FF allele, and none of them had ff allele. 
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that most of the individuals with diabetic foot in a sunlight-rich area tended to have mutant VDR FokI polymorphisms and Vitamin D insufficiency.
Atherosclerotic Biomarkers (Interleukin-6 and CD40) and Tunica Intima Thickness in Obese Rats after the Administration of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng Ethanol Extract
Authors: Harefa Karnirius , Sulastri Delmi , Nasrul Ellyza , Ilyas Syafruddin
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Obesity can increase oxidative stress, thereby increasing the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6. These markers are characterized by various biomarkers, such as cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) and IL-6, and thickness of the tunica intima.
AIM: This study aims to analyze the effect of the Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng ethanol extract on IL-6, CD40, and thickening of the tunica intima of obese rats.
METHODS: The pure experimental method with complete random design consisted of several research groups: C− (negative control), C+ (positive control/cholesterol feed), positive control (cholesterol feed + CMC), T1_Chol_300 (cholesterol feed and administration of 300 mg/kg body weight [BW] P. amboinicus for 45 days), T2_Chol_600 (cholesterol feed and administration of 600 mg/kg BW P. amboinicus for 45 days), and T3_chol_900 (cholesterol feed and administration of 900 mg/kg BW P. amboinicus for 45 days).
RESULTS: Results showed increased CD40 levels in the blood plasma of obese rats and decreased CD40 levels after the administration of the ethanol extract of P. amboinicus leaves. A significantly increased (p < 0.05) level of lL-6 in the obese mice group and a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in IL-6 after the administration of the ethanol extract of P. amboinicus leaves were observed. Tunica intima thickness significantly occurred (p < 0.05) in the group of obese rats, and normal tunica intima thickness occurred in the group administered with the ethanol extract of P. amboinicus leaves.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the ethanol extract of P. amboinicus leaves (900 mg/kg BW) had the potential to normalize obese rats.
Pediatric Immunization Practice During Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic
Authors: Ruslie Riska Habriel , Darmadi Darmadi , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah
Published: December 2020

At the end of 2019, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) started to spread worldwide and caused a pandemic in March 2020. Epidemiologic data of COVID-19 in the pediatric population are not certain. The pandemic also decreases routine immunization coverage in children which lead to increased risk of vaccine-preventable disease outbreak. Routine immunization practice should be continued with due regard to health protocol. Children in contact with COVID-19 patients or children who previously have COVID-19 may be immunized after 14 days of symptom-free or confirmed negative by two polymerase chain reaction tests at a minimum interval of 24 h. Bacillus Calmette–Guerin, influenza, and pneumococcal immunization give a positive effect on COVID-19. Until present, there is no available vaccine for COVID-19.
Factors Associated with Psychological Distress among Filipinos during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Marzo Roy Rillera , Quilatan Villanueva III Emilio , Martinez Faller Erwin , Moralidad Baldonado Aries
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, psychological reactions of the population play a critical role in both the spread of the disease and the occurrence of emotional distress and social disorder.
AIM: This study aimed to measure the prevalence and severity of psychological distress to evaluate the current mental health burden on society that leads to the provision of a concrete basis for tailoring and implementing relevant mental health intervention policies to efficiently and effectively respond to the challenges brought by the pandemic.
METHODS: An anonymous, internet-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to April 2020. In this regard, a structured online questionnaire was utilized to collect sociodemographic data and the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the sociodemographic and prevalence of CPDI among respondents. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of distress.
RESULTS: Most of the respondents did not feel distressed about COVID-19 (52.1%), whereas 39.5% and 8.4% had mild-to-moderate and severe distress. The regression analysis demonstrated that higher religion and faithfulness levels, lower levels of education, and living in Mindanao (unlike those living in the Visayas) were associated with lower levels of psychological distress among the Filipino respondents during the COVID-19 pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS: Policy-makers and practitioners in the in Filipino society need to consider key factors such as religion, education, and the region where they live in to reduce psychological distress among Filipinos.
Effect of Honey Variation on Blood Glucose Level in Pregnant Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Hadju Veny , Inriasari Rahayu
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: In addition to Moringa one of the food products that are often used as supplements is honey. Honey contains carbohydrates and content of antioxidants and other active substances needed during pregnancy.
AIM: This study aimed to look at the effect of the intervention on the blood glucose levels of normal white pregnant Wistar strain of Moringa honey, honey plus Moringa or natural honey interventions.
METHODS: This research method uses a quantitative research with experimental lab research type. With a completely randomized pre-test-post-test controlled completely randomized research design. The samples in this study were 24 white Wistar pregnant rats, divided into four groups, the control group, the honey group, the honey plus Moringa group, and the Moringa honey group, each consisting of six animals. The intervention was carried out for 20 days with initial BB measurements pregnancy (pre) and end of pregnancy (post). Data analysis used paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test.
RESULTS: GD levels showed a significant decrease in GD levels in all groups at the end of pregnancy with a p < 0.05, but a decrease in GD levels between groups did not show a significant difference at the end of the study, the control group (82.33 ± 8.98), honey (83.83 ± 6.67), plus honey (73.17 ± 10.92), and Moringa honey (73.00 ± 6.45) with a p = 0.065 > 0.05.
CONCLUSION: It shows that honey variation has the effect of controlling blood glucose levels during pregnancy.
Preparation and Evaluation of Nanoemulgels Containing a Combination of Grape Seed Oil and Anisotriazine as Sunscreen
Authors: Arianto Anayanti , Lie Desi Yet Lie , - Sumaiyah , Bangun Hakim Bangun
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Grape seed oil contains Vitamin E which acts as skin antioxidant and natural ultraviolet (UV) absorbent and anisotriazine is used as chemical absorbent. Sun protection factor (SPF) value of the sunscreen and physical stability can be increased using a combination of grape seed oil and anisotriazine as sunscreen material and preparation by nanotechnology.
AIM: The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate physical stability and in vitro SPF value of sunscreen nanoemulgel containing grape seed oil and anisotriazine.
METHODS: Nanoemulgels containing 4% grape seed oil and anisotriazine (1.6% and 3.2%) were formulated by adding 2% of Carbopol 940 gel to the optimized nanoemulsions formulation with a ratio of nanoemulsion and gel 4:1. The nanoemulgels were evaluated physical stability during storage for 12 weeks at variations of temperature, centrifugation, and cycling test. SPF values of nanoemulgels were determined by UV–visible spectrophotometric method and compared to emulgel. Droplet morphology observation of nanoemulgel using transmission electron microscope.
RESULTS: The results of this study showed that sunscreen nanoemulgel containing 4% grape seed oil and 3.2% anisotriazine had average droplet size of 187.5 nm, physically stable during experiment for 12 weeks at variation of temperature and after centrifugation and cycling test, but the sunscreen emulgel showed a phase separation. The SPF of nanoemulgel containing a combination of 4% grape seed oil and 3.2%, nanoemulgel without anisotriazine, and emulgel formulation was 19.325 ± 0.232, 11.169 ± 0.113, and 11.913 ± 0.161, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of droplet morphology showed that this nanoemulgel formulation formed a spherical globule.
CONCLUSION: The sunscreen nanoemulgel formulation containing combination of 4% grape seed oil and 3.2% anisotriazine more stable than sunscreen emulgel during experiment for 12 weeks at room temperature and showed the SPF value higher compared to emulgel containing 4% grape seed oil and 3.2% anisotriazine and nanoemulgel without anisotriazine.
The Association between Pesticide Exposure and Neurological Signs and Symptoms in Farmers in Magelang District, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setyopranoto Ismail , Argo Ibnu Widya , Ramadhani Aulia Fitri , Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Tama Whisnu Nalendra , Gofir Abdul , Setyaningrum Cempaka Thursina Srie , Panggabean Andre Stefanus , Sutarni Sri , Malueka Rusdy Ghazali
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Excessive use of pesticides is known to cause neurotoxicity. Chronic effects of pesticide poisoning include neuropathy and tremors.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the association between pesticide exposure and the occurrence of neurological signs and symptoms, especially neuropathy and tremor, in farmers.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The study location was Seloprojo Village, Ngablak District, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province. Farmers as subjects were recruited to determine neuropathy using Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom (DNS) and Diabetic Neuropathy Examination (DNE) scoring. Tremor events were measured with Tremor Rating Scale (TRS). Cholinesterase levels were examined using venous blood samples to determine the level of pesticide poisoning.
RESULTS: Of the 120 farmers studied, 68.3% experienced pesticide poisoning with cholinesterase levels below normal values. Weakness of the upper limb was found in 10 subjects (8.33%), while weakness of the lower limbs was found in 6 subjects (5%). There were 59.2% farmers who met the neuropathy criteria from the DNS score and those who met the neuropathic criteria from the DNE score were 6.7%. Tremor symptoms were found in 71.7% of the farmers. There was no significant association between cholinesterase levels and DNS score (p = 0.737), but there were significantly lower levels of cholinesterase (p = 0.046) in the neuropathy group measured with DNE score. There was no significant association between cholinesterase levels and TRS (p = 0.204).
CONCLUSION: Cholinesterase levels were significantly associated with neuropathy incidence measured with DNE criteria but statistically not related to tremors in farmers exposed to pesticides.
Vascular Plant Herbarium at the Kandalaksha Strict Nature Reserve (KAND), Russia
Authors: Kozhin Mikhail , Sennikov Alexander
Published: December 2020

The present-day demand for digital availability of distributional data in biodiversity studies requires a special effort in assembling and editing the data otherwise scattered in paper literature and herbarium collections, which can be poorly accessible or little understood to present-day users and especially automatic data processors. Our project on developing the information resource for the vascular plant flora of Murmansk Region, Russia, includes processing and making digitally available all the data on the taxonomy and distribution of this flora. So far, published distribution maps are limited to the old set in the Flora of Murmansk Region (published in 1953–1966) and the Red Data Book of Murmansk Region (ed. 2, published in 2014). These publications did not take into account the main part of the herbarium collections kept at the Kandalaksha Strict Nature Reserve, which are the basis for numerous local publications that appear scattered and, therefore, little accessible nowadays.

We present a complete dataset of all holdings of vascular plants in the Herbarium of the Kandalaksha Strict Nature Reserve, totalling 10,218 specimens collected during 1947–2019, which are referable to 764 species and 19 subspecies. All specimens were georeferenced with the utmost precision available. This dataset offers a complete and dense coverage of the Nature Reserve's territory (islands and adjacent mainland coastal areas of the Barents and White Seas, Murmansk Region and Republic of Karelia, Russia); these data are little represented in herbarium collections elsewhere.
Video game usage time in adolescents’ academic performance
Authors: Gómez-Gonzalvo Fernando , Devís-Devís José , Molina-Alventosa Pere
Published: December 2020

Video game usage among young people has generated great concern due to its possible negative effects on their health, socialization and academic performance. Regarding this last aspect, there are studies that point out that video games have negative consequences for academic performance while others emphasize their positive effects. Therefore, the present study deals with the relationship between the video game usage time and the academic performance in adolescent schoolchildren from the Valencian Autonomous Community. An ad hoc questionnaire was used and validated through expert judgment (0.8 validity and reliability) to develop this cross-sectional and ex post facto study. A stratified and proportional representative sample was designed for the ESO student population of this autonomous community and 1,502 questionnaires were collected. Adolescents spend an average of 47.23 minutes a day playing video games, with less time spent during the week than at the weekend. Those who devote more time to videogames during the week fail more subjects and those who spend more time on weekends get better school grades. In addition, frequent, moderate and many of the occasional players obtain good academic results, while the opposite happens to the intensive players. As many of the occasional players achieve good academic performance, a moderate time devoted to video games seems not to affect academic performance.

El uso de los videojuegos entre los jóvenes ha generado una gran preocupación por sus posibles efectos negativos para su salud, socialización y rendimiento académico. Respecto a este último aspecto, existen estudios que apuntan a que los videojuegos son negativos para el rendimiento académico mientras que en otras investigaciones se encuentran efectos positivos. Por esto, el presente trabajo se ocupa de las relaciones entre el tiempo de uso de videojuegos y el rendimiento académico de los escolares adolescentes de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc, validado a través de juicio de expertos (0,8 validez y confiabilidad) para realizar este estudio transversal ex post facto. Se diseñó una muestra representativa estratificada y proporcional a la población de alumnado de ESO de dicha comunidad autónoma y se recogieron 1.502 cuestionarios. Los adolescentes dedican una media de 47,23 minutos al día a jugar a videojuegos, menos entre semana que en fin de semana. Aquellos que dedican más tiempo a los videojuegos entre semana suspenden más asignaturas y los que dedican más tiempo los fines de semana sacan mejores notas escolares. Además, los jugadores frecuentes, moderados y muchos de los ocasionales obtienen buenos resultados académicos, mientras que les ocurre lo contrario a los jugadores intensivos. Muchos de los jugadores ocasionales obtienen buen rendimiento, por lo que la dedicación de un tiempo moderado a los videojuegos no parece afectar al rendimiento académico.
Los dibujos de John Gilbert para el Quijote. Modelo iconográfico para la decoración de las lozas de la Real Fábrica de Sargadelos
Authors: Fraguas Fernández Natalia
Published: December 2020

La Real Fábrica de Sargadelos (Cervo-Lugo), uno de los centros cerámicos de referencia en el panorama industrial del siglo XIX en España, introdujo en su tercera etapa (1845-1862) una nueva serie decorativa en la que el motivo principal reproducía, mediante la técnica de estampación, distintas escenas del Quijote. Considerada por muchos como una de las más interesantes de su producción, utilizaron como modelo iconográfico para su elaboración los dibujos que el pintor e ilustrador inglés John Gilbert (1817-1897) realizó para una edición londinense de la novela publicada por Charles Daly en 1842. Como ejemplo de esta variante se conservan en la actualidad un número de piezas que no supera las noventa entre colecciones particulares e instituciones públicas, destacando en el segundo caso el Museo de Pontevedra con diez ejemplares.
El otro Centenario: visiones femeninas del Quijote en 1905
Authors: Navas Ocaña Isabel
Published: December 2020

El III Centenario del Quijote en 1905 fue la efemérides que vino a canalizar las ansias de regeneración nacional tras el desastre del 98, pero lo que hasta ahora no se ha señalado, ni se le ha dado la importancia que merece, es que algunas escritoras españolas reinterpretaron en clave feminista los símbolos nacionales de esa regeneración, es decir, convirtieron a don Quijote y a Dulcinea en la divisa de sus reivindicaciones, se valieron de ellos para reclamar un cambio en la vida de las mujeres, para defender el acceso a la educación superior, y aprovecharon además la ocasión para tejer redes de mujeres eruditas y para ejercer el magisterio sobre otras mujeres, dando lugar a un centenario paralelo, a otro centenario, que se desarrolló en los márgenes del oficial y que, como tal, merece ser analizado.
«Y píntola en mi imaginación como la deseo»: Dulcinea entre la letra y la imagen
Authors: Zambrana Pérez María
Published: December 2020

El estudio de las distintas representaciones de Dulcinea del Toboso y de Aldonza Lorenzo como personajes del Quijote es el propósito fundamental de este ensayo. De este modo, veremos cómo la dama, que una vez ideada por el caballero se convierte en eje y motor de nuestra historia, ha sido leída, entendida y trasladada a la pintura fluctuando según la época, sin que se consiga por tanto crear un imaginario sólido en torno a ella. En las páginas siguientes se intentará aclarar si esto se debe a que nunca aparece para desdecirse o reafirmarse en el discurso que los demás personajes realizan sobre ella.
Metamorfosis y transformaciones para vidas de perros: Cervantes a la luz del imaginario de Apuleyo y Luciano
Authors: Escobar Borrego Francisco J.
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo ofrece un análisis circunscrito a la pervivencia de El Asno de oro en El Coloquio de los perros. Esta fuente clásica principal para Cervantes entra en correspondencia, además, con el imaginario creativo de Luciano. Dicho sincretismo estético arroja luz, en fin, sobre la cultura simbólica de Cervantes a partir de categorías conceptuales como metamorfosis y transformaciones.
«Creciendo en los brazos de la estampa»: estudio comparado entre el Coloquio de los perros de Cervantes y su continuación por Ginés Carrillo Cerón
Authors: Martín González Pablo
Published: December 2020

Este artículo propone un estudio comparado entre el Coloquio de los perros de Cervantes y la continuación de Ginés Carrillo Cerón de 1635 centrándose en sus tres divergencias principales: la omisión en la segunda parte del vínculo temático entre El Casamiento engañoso y el Coloquio, las diferencias con que Cervantes y Cerón se aproximan al género picaresco y el rechazo por parte de Cerón de los elementos maravillosos del primer Coloquio. Estas discrepancias no solo nos permiten entender mejor el texto de Cervantes, sino también estudiar la problemática literaria e ideológica que planteaban sus novelas a los lectores del siglo XVII.
La poesía del Quijote. Confesiones de un traductor
Authors: Valastro Canale Angelo
Published: December 2020

En el amplio panorama de estudios dedicados a la traducción, son raros los análisis salidos de las manos de los traductores mismos. El presente artículo se propone como modesto testimonio de un traductor literario movido por la esperanza de que el lector pueda comprender y valorar algunas de las decisiones tomadas en su versión italiana del Don Quijote de la Mancha de Miguel de Cervantes publicada en 2012 y en la reedición de la traducción de los textos poéticos que vio la luz cuatro años más tarde. Si traducir poesía es siempre difícil, en el caso del Quijote la empresa parece complicarse aún más: a través de numerosos ejemplos, se aclararán las razones, de tipo ‘musical’, semántico o sintáctico, que han llevado a la elección de unas soluciones con respecto a otras, soluciones que se compararán siempre con las de algunos de entre los muchos traductores que se han enfrentado con la obra cervantina a lo largo del último siglo.
As tres Cidras do Amor, ou O Cavalleiro Andante (1793)
Authors: Álvarez-Cifuentes Pedro
Published: December 2020

Pese a la tardía publicación de la versión en lengua portuguesa de Don Quijote de la Mancha (1794), el conocimiento de la novela cervantina en Portugal puede rastrearse a lo largo del siglo XVIII y se hace especialmente patente en el dominio teatral. Tal es el caso de la «piquena pessa» anónima titulada As tres Cidras do Amor, ou O Cavalleiro Andante (Lisboa, Off. de Francisco Borges de Sousa, 1793), que pone en escena una singular recreación del hidalgo castellano y del efecto alucinador de la lectura de los libros de caballerías. Se propone una presentación de la farsa As tres Cidras do Amor y un análisis de la parodia que realiza sobre el universo ficcional de la caballería andante.
El Quijote de Figueras: una adaptación juvenil e ilustrada de origen inglés
Authors: Soldevilla Albertí Joan Manuel
Published: December 2020

En 1905, año del tercer centenario de la edición del Quijote, se publicó en Figueras el libro Célebres aventuras de don Quijote, El Caballero de la Triste Figura, una adaptación para jóvenes del texto cervantino acompañada de abundantes y bellas ilustraciones de Brinsley Le Fanu. La obra, editada por la Sociedad española de tratados religiosos y libros, generó una curiosa e intensa polémica y fue iniciativa de la activa comunidad anglicana de la ciudad, que tradujo y versionó una previa adaptación inglesa, The wonderful adventures of Don Quixote, the knight of the sorrowful countenance, publicada en Londres en 1902.
Elucidating the Pivotal Role of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Review
Authors: Richard Seidu , Kampo Sylvanus , Esquijarosa Hechavarria Maite
Published: December 2020

World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic in March 2020. Currently almost every country in the world has reported cases with moderate to high mortality rates. The European Union (EU), the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK) are the severely affected countries. Nevertheless, the WHO is very much concern about countries with weak health systems. The clinical characteristics of COVID-19 varies extensively, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe as well as critical pneumonia with high mortality rates in the elderly and patients with co-morbid medical illness. Convalescent Plasma Therapy (CPT) has been successfully used in treating various viral disease outbreaks such as 1918 influenza pneumonia pandemic, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, Machupo virus, Junin virus, Lassa virus, Ebola etc. High-titer specific antibodies maybe capable of binding to Coronavirus-19 (CoV-19) and neutralize the viral particles, inhibit entry to uninfected cells, and trigger potent effector mechanisms such as complement activation as well as phagocytosis. Therefore, in most countries with very weak health systems with no Intensive Care Units (ICUs) or trained ICU physicians, early initiation of CPT for severely COVID-19 patients may be rewarding. Therefore, solidarity control trials on CPT for COVID- 19 patients involving large number of patients are urgently needed.
The change in linear and differential characteristics of substitution after the multiplication by transposition
Authors: Menyachikhin A V
Published: December 2020

Установлена связь между элементами корреляционных и между элементами разностных матриц подстановок, находящихся друг от друга на расстоянии Кэли, равном единице. Для таких подстановок предложены алгоритмы эффективного вычисления линейного и разностного спектров. Снижены оценки трудоемкости ряда методов алгоритмической оптимизации s-боксов.
Построение подстановок пространства $V_{2m}$ с использованием $(2m,m)$-функций
Authors: Fomin Denis Bonislavovich
Published: December 2020

Cпособ построения подстановок, основанный на конструкции типа «бабочка», обобщается на случай произвольного арифметического векторного пространства четной размерности над полем из двух элементов. Предложены подходы к построению подстановок с использованием неравновероятных $(2m,m)$-функций с высокой нелинейностью.
Integrating Primary Care Appointments Into Resident Orientation
Authors: Ewen Alana M. , Villarreal-Calderon Rodolfo , Lynch Sara , Schneider Jeffrey I.
Published: December 2020

Background

Trainee well-being is a major concern for institutions and programs, yet many residents report suboptimal access to or contact with primary care for themselves.

Objective

To address the health care needs of residents, we developed a mechanism whereby all incoming residents were offered an appointment with a primary care clinician (PCP) during institutional intern orientation.

Methods

In April 2019, all incoming residents (17 specialties) were invited to participate. A collaboration involving the GME office and family medicine and internal medicine departments enabled interested residents to attend PCP appointments that were held at predesignated times during orientation and did not conflict with other orientation or learning activities. Residents received appointment details, and insurance billing processes were followed. A survey was administered to all participating PCPs and incoming residents 2 weeks following their scheduled PCP appointment.

Results

Of the 144 incoming residents, 118 (82%) participated. Among the 71 of 144 (49%) residents who responded to the survey, 94% indicated that they desired an appointment, with 90% attending the appointment as scheduled; 52% purposed their visit as an introduction for future appointments, while 15% requested prescription refills. All but one recommended that the initiative be offered again in the future. Seventy-two percent stated that participating in the PCP initiative definitely/probably led to improvements in self-care, and 76% indicated that participating definitely/probably made them more conscious of their health and well-being.

Conclusions

Integrating PCP appointments into orientation is feasible and was highly acceptable in a large academic medical center.
Due diligence: the risky risk management tool in international law
Authors: Peters Anne , Krieger Heike , Kreuzer Leonhard
Published: December 2020

As a standard bridging law and other spheres of normativity, due diligence is pervasive across numerous areas of international law. This paper defines the features and functions of due diligence, illustrating how the concept's development reflects structural changes in the international legal order. Concerning their content, due diligence obligations can be separated into two overlapping types: procedural obligations and obligations relating to States' institutional capacity. Thus, due diligence serves to manage risks, compensate for States' freedoms being circumscribed through legalisation, expand State accountability and possibly stabilise the international order through ‘proceduralisation’. However, it is argued that due diligence cannot be characterised as a general principle of international law due to its diverse content in different fields of international law and its dependence on accompanying primary rules. Finally, it is contended that due diligence introduces certain risks, particularly by diluting States' substantive obligations and contributing to the rise of ‘informal’ international law.
The over- and under-enforcement of anti-corruption law in investment disputes and international development
Authors: Bulovsky Andrew T
Published: December 2020

Since the early 2000s, anti-corruption enforcement has become increasingly entangled with international investment. This entanglement has created a paradox: the simultaneous over- and under-enforcement of anti-corruption law. Over-enforcement occurs when authorities from multiple jurisdictions subject companies to duplicative enforcement actions and disproportionate penalties for the same underlying conduct. Under-enforcement occurs when local courts and arbitral tribunals insulate the demand side of corruption from liability by failing to exercise jurisdiction over corruption-tainted disputes. Both over- and under-enforcement result in part from unilateralism, whereby States pursue their own interests at the expense of international legal objectives. The over- and under-enforcement of international anti-corruption law undermines anti-corruption law itself, makes investment riskier in developing States and inhibits developmental objectives. To correct for over-enforcement, this article proposes formal commitments from States that the State with the strongest jurisdictional ties to a corruption scandal retains investigative priority. To correct for under-enforcement, this article suggests that local courts and arbitral tribunals invoke equitable estoppel to accept jurisdiction over corruption-tainted disputes and use a contributory-fault approach to hold both the supply side and the demand side of corruption accountable. These solutions would likely prove efficacious in agreements between States and contracts between States and potential investors. Ultimately, this article frames anti-corruption enforcement trends in the context of unilateralism and discusses practicable solutions for a more proportional anti-corruption law regime.
Determination and Comparison of Trace Elements in Various Parts of Eichhornia crassipes by a Validated Method using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Khanvilkar Deepti Gholap , Nagarjee Simran
Published: December 2020

Objective : In this study, we have evaluated trace element concentration of various parts of Eicchornia crassipes, collected from three different lakes in Pune district, India.Methods : The dried segregated parts of Eicchornia crassipes were subjected to microwave digestion, followed by measurement with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Optimization and validation of the method was performed for determining the minor and trace element concentrations of Co, I, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe in roots, petiole and leaves of the plant. NIST Standard reference material SRM 1547 (Peach leaves) was used for establishing accuracy of the analytical method. Rhodium was used an internal standard for correcting matrix effects.Results and Discussion : A validated ICP-OES and ICP-MS method was established for determining the minor and trace element concentrations of Co, I, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe in roots, petiole and leaves of the plant. Levels of all elements were found to be higher in roots, followed by petiole and leaves. Except for Zn and Fe, where concentration in leaves was found to be higher than in petiole. Of all the measured elements, total concentration of Mn was found to be highest (566 mg kg-1), followed by Fe (341 mg kg-1), Zn (40.26 mg kg-1), Cu (28.04 mg kg-1), Ni (9.54 mg kg-1), Co (4.33 mg kg-1) and I (0.94 mg kg-1). A surprising finding was the presence of iodine in the plant, despite its non-marine source.Conclusion : Plant-derived products form an important category in alternative medicine that is often used for treatment of several disorders. Eicchornia crassipes (water hyacinth), considered as the world’s worst weed, has been used in folk medicine, with very little evidence-based data to support its potential medicinal value. Here we report the trace element profile of Eicchornia crassipes. Insight into the trace element profile of various parts of the plant can perhaps be harnessed to postulate the rationale behind the use of specific parts of the weed in traditional medicine.
Sludge Production Characteristics of SedimentationㆍDissolved Air Flotation (SeDAF) Process for Enhanced Phosphorus Removal
Authors: Jang Yeoju , Jung Jinhong , Chang Hyangyoun , Park Nari , Maghfiroh Miratul , Kim Weonjae
Published: December 2020

Objectives : In order to prevent eutrophication and algal blooms, Ministry of Environment in Korea reinforced the effluent standards of wastewater treatment facilities. As a result, many advanced wastewater treatment processes have been implemented nationwide. Current conventional treatment systems have usually been facing high operational costs and large sludge production problems. Therefore, it is essential to develop more economic and efficient process to cope with these issues.Methods : The sedimentation and dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process has been developed, that integrates sedimentation and dissolved air flotation. Several simulation experiments were carried out to verify and optimize the operation conditions of the SeDAF process. Removal efficiencies of each water quality item and sludge mass balance were analyzed intensively in the SeDAF process using the modified jar-test.Results and Discussion : Removal efficiencies of the SeDAF process were higher and more stable than those of sedimentation process. Several ‘sludge production / coagulant dosage’ ratios were analyzed and the representative value of 4 mg･L-1 as SS / mg･L-1 as Al2O3 was obtained in the SeDAF process. Fractions of suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (T-P) in sludge were measured; the ratios of flotation sludge to sedimentation sludge and fractions of flotation sludge in total sludge had their typical convergence ranges for the conditions of optimal coagulant dosage.Conclusions : The ratios or fractions of SS and T-P in sludge could be applied as the evaluation indicators of the SeDAF process. The reduction of coagulant dosage could be corresponded directly to the reduction of sludge production.
Research of tools influencing the engagement of potential customers in social media as one of the ways to improve the effectiveness of SMM in organisations through the example of the Instagram community @mebel_rummix
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Pogorevich Anastasia V.
Published: December 2020

Over the past ten years, an increasing number of organisations have gone beyond "personal pages" and viewed social media as a promising channel of communication with customers, partners, and employees. The attractiveness of social media marketing is primarily due to its accessibility for small and medium-sized businesses, which makes it possible to compete with large companies in informing a potential audience about goods and services. However, business promotion in social media is not always successful due to the low reach and level of audience involvement. It is assumed that over the history of social media, a set of engagement management tools has been formed that can be structured, described, and proposed for use as a method for improving the effectiveness of social media marketing organisations. Empirical and theoretical research methods were used to test the suggested hypothesis: 1) analysis of literature and Internet sources; 2) synthesis of the received information; 3) an experiment to evaluate the results of the practical application of several engagement management tools at the same time. Based on the research data, a classification of engagement management tools is proposed for the first time, including six groups: analytical, visual, content, technical, advertising, and reputational. The effectiveness of using analytical, visual, content, and advertising tools has been experimentally proven and confirmed by statistics from the social media analytics services Popsters and LiveDune through the example of the @mebel_rummix community. The main result of the research is a generalisation of existing engagement management tools in practice into a single controlled methodological approach to improve the effectiveness of social media marketing organisations.
Marginalizovaní jedinci z veľkomoravských jamovitých objektov v Nitre
Authors: Hanuliak Milan
Published: December 2020

Circumstances, which could have decided about placing of dead into the settlement features, are evaluated in the study. Their assessment is based on the sites with greater amount of features, with several individuals in their filling and with preserved proofs of violent downfall of this settlement. It is possible to ascribe main portion of untraditional inhumation to various manifestations of unusual death recalled by violence which accompanied fighting actions according to this. These circumstances contributed to the considerable marginalisation of original social status of individuals. Proscribed individuals were laid into the inferior space of settlement features as a consequence of this events. Their bodies were arranged in the flexed position, prone position, their anatomical position was disturbed by intentional intervention on behalf of protection of local community from their negative influence.
The Social Justice Teaching Collaborative: A Collective Turn Towards Critical Teacher Education
Authors: Aronson Brittany A , Banda Racheal , Johnson Ashley , Kelly Molly , Radina Raquel , Reyes Ganiva , Sander Scott , Wronowski Meredith
Published: December 2020

In this article, we share the collaborative curricular work of an interdisciplinary Social Justice Teaching Collaborative (SJTC) from a PWI university. Members of the SJTC worked strategically to center social justice across required courses pre-service teachers are required to take: Introduction to Education, Sociocultural Studies in Education, and Inclusive Education. We share our conceptualization of social justice and guiding theoretical frameworks that have shaped our pedagogy and curriculum. These frameworks include democratic education, critical pedagogy, critical race theory, critical whiteness studies, critical disability studies, and feminist and intersectionality theory. We then detail changes made across courses including examples of readings and assignments. Finally, we conclude by offering reflections, challenges, and lessons learned for collaborative work within teacher education and educational leadership.
Small Business in Distress:
Authors: Dimanopoulos Spyros , Hadziiossif Christos , Katsoudas Kostas , Potamianos Nikos
Published: December 2020

The character of postwar small business associations in Greece was indelibly stamped by the authoritarian democracy that was constructed between 1945 and 1967. The integration of Greece in the process of European economic unification in the early 1960s was the fuse that sparked the accumulated frustrations into strong collective action, leading some tradesmen and artisans to question the political status quo and identify with centrist and left wing parties. This socio-political ferment led to the renegotiation of petit-bourgeois identity and attempts to link it to a new political context.
A Robust Physical Exercise Recognition System Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors:   East Delta University, Oscar Steve , Uddin Mohammed Nazim ,   East Delta University
Published: December 2020

Modern life is becoming more linked to our devices, and work is being done in a more regulated way. As life became more complicated, it is becoming challenging to keep track of human health and fitness, leading to unexpected illnesses and diseases. Moreover, a lack of activity monitoring and corresponding reminders is preventing the adoption of a healthier lifestyle. This research provides a practical approach for identifying Human Activity by using accelerometer data obtained from wearable devices. The model automatically finds patterns among 33 different physical exercises such as running, rowing, cycling, jogging, etc. and correctly identifies them. The principal component analysis algorithm was used on the statistical features to make the system more robust. Classification of the physical exercise was performed on the reduced features using WEKA. The overall accuracy of 85.51% was obtained using the 10-Fold Cross-Validation method and K nearest Neighbor Algorithm while 84% accuracy for Random Forest. The accuracy obtained was better than previous models and could improve recognition systems in monitoring user activity more precisely.