bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphfological changes in the membranes of the trachea of guinea pigs in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways.
Authors: Aksamytieva M.V. , Popko S.S. , Evtushenko V.M.
Published: December 2021

Background. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of allergic diseases of the respiratory organs, especially in children. The predictor of the further development of bronchial asthma is sensitizing at an early age to the allergens of chicken egg. The use of new knowledge about the allergenic components of the chicken egg will predict the risks and clinical features of the disease. Despite the importance, the problem of morphogenesis of allergic inflammation of the wall of the trachea is not sufficiently studied, so far many issues are not found in morphology and require further research. Objective.The aim of the study is to establish morphological changes in the tracheal membranes in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways of guinea pigs. Methods. The thickness of tracheal wall of 48 male guinea pigs was investigated by histological, morphometric, statistical methods on the twenty-third, thirty-sixth, thirty-sixth and forty-fourth days after the initiation of the experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways. Results. We have found, that maximum statistically significant thickening is shown in the late period of tracheal mucosa in 2 times on the 44th day of observation and tracheal submucosa in the 3rd experimental group on the 36th day of observation (increasing coefficient 2) compared to the control. However, the thinning of tracheal submucosa is observed in the early period of the inflammatory process on the 23rd and 30th day of observation. It has been proved, that the allergic inflammation of the tissues of the trachea caused by the sensitization and allergization of ovalbumin leads to the change in the thickness of layers of trachea in the chronobiological aspect. Conclusion. On the 23rd and 30th days of the experiment, thinning of tracheal mucosais observed due to damage of epithelial cells. Thickening of tracheal mucosa and submucosa was found in the third and fourth groups of observation (late period of allergic inflammation) compared with animals of the intact group and the control group due to an increase in the area of loose connective tissue, which is a consequence of the continuation of the allergic inflammatory process in the trachea after the end of the experiment.
Assessment of bioscompatibility of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosphamide by in vivo and in vitro methods.
Authors: Galatenko N.A. , Kuliesh D.V. , Rozhnova R.A. , Gritsenko V.P. , Narazhayko L.F.
Published: December 2021

Background. The creation of polymeric composite materials with pronounced biological activity, which are able to act as implants with local prolonged action of the immobilized substance can be widely used in medical practice. Objective. Study of cellular reactions of surrounding tissues of experimental animals to implantation of polymeric composite materials based on isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide, study of histotoxicity of the obtained materials by tissue culture method. Methods. Polymeric composite materials based on isocyanate-containing polyurethanes without and with ifosfamide were implanted into the body of white laboratory Wistar rats. Cellular responses of the organism and possible changes in the structure of test specimens after implantation were studied by light microscopy by analysis of histological micropreparations. In order to study the peculiarities of the dynamics of growth and development of fibroblastic elements, the method of tissue culture was used. Results. Conducted biological studies by in vivo and in vitro methods allowed to evaluate the effect of immobilized ifosfamide in the structure of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes on cellular reactions of surrounding tissues during implantation in experimental animals, as well as the effect of extracts from developed polymer samples on cultured cell growth. Conclusion. It was found that the implantation of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide led to the development of intense cellular reactions in the area of implant placement, primarily the reaction of round cell elements. The presence of ifosfamide in the structure of the polymeric implantation material probably affected the proliferation of cellular elements, inhibited regenerative processes in the early stages of the study and delayed the formation of a mature connective tissue capsule around the implanted samples. The tissue culture method showed that when making an extract of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide in the culture medium, there was a large variability of cell forms, which led to the appearance of macrophage-like elements.
William K. Ovalle PhD, Patrick C. Nahirney PhD Netter's Essential Histology: With Correlated Histopathology (Netter Basic Science) 3rd Edition
Authors: Patrick C. Nahirney PhD William K. Ovalle PhD,
Published: December 2021

With strong correlations between gross anatomy and the microanatomy of structures, Netter’s Essential Histology, 3rd Edition, is the perfect text for today’s evolving medical education. Concise and easy to use, it integrates gross anatomy and embryology with classic histology slides and state-of-the-art scanning electron microscopy, offering a clear, visual understanding of this complex subject. Additional histopathology images, more clinical boxes, and new histopathology content ensure that this textbook-atlas clearly presents the most indispensable histologic concepts and their clinical relevance.Helps you recognize both normal and diseased structures at the microscopic level with the aid of succinct explanatory text as well as numerous clinical boxes. Features more histopathology content and additional clinical boxes to increase your knowledge of pathophysiology and clinical relevance. Includes high-quality light and electron micrographs, including enhanced and colorized electron micrographs that show ultra-structures in 3D, side by side with classic Netter illustrations that link your knowledge of anatomy and cell biology to what is seen in the micrographs. Provides online access to author-narrated video overviews of each chapter, plus Zoomify images and Virtual Slides that include histopathology and can be viewed at different magnifications.
Pleural pathology in HIV-infected patients: features of morphological diagnostics
Authors: Liskina I.V. , Zagaba L.M.
Published: December 2021

Background. The progression of HIV infection is accompanied by the development of opportunistic diseases, including pleural effusions of various origins. Morphological examination of pleura tissue in cases of pleural effusion serves as the basis for establishing the etiology of the pathological process and, therefore, the final clinical diagnosis. Objective – analysis of results of morphological diagnostics of pleura lesions in HIV-infected patients in comparison with other laboratory tests and clinical diagnosis. Methods. 103 cases of pleurisy of various origins were studied. Pleural biopsies were obtained by various types of minimally invasive diagnostic interventions with subsequent morphological examination. Results were compared with the available data of microbiological and molecular genetic studies of pleural biopsies. Results. At the time of hospitalization the preliminary clinical diagnosis was pleurisy of unknown etiology in 96,1 % of cases. A combined disease was diagnosed – hepatitis C in a third of all observations according to the results of laboratory tests. Due to routine staining with hematoxylin and eosin, tuberculosis lesions of the pleura were diagnosed in 59,2 %, the second most frequent was the diagnosis of nonspecific pleurisy, 20,4 %. According to the duration of the process, acute pleural tuberculosis was established in 19,7 % of cases, the subacute form of tuberculosis pleurisy – in 54,1 % of cases, and chronic pleural tuberculosis was established in 22,9 % of cases. In 17,5 % of cases, in order to clarify the etiology of pleurisy, additional histochemical staining for infectious agents was performed. The results of microbiological and molecular genetic studies were established in 76,7 % of cases. The greatest number of M. tuberculosis detection was obtained during the culture study of the biopsy material and exudates. When comparing the final clinical diagnosis and the level of CD4 cells in peripheral blood, it was found that in most cases (74,5 %) pleural effusions developed at low counts of CD4 cells, less than 350/l. Conclusion. Tuberculosis predominates in the etiological structure of pleural effusions in patients with HIV infection. Pleural tuberculosis can be the main secondary disease or be combined with pulmonary tuberculosis. In second place in terms of frequency of occurrence, nonspecific pleurisy was diagnosed as a complication of the main secondary disease. Pleural effusions develop when CD4 cell counts are low. Morphological diagnostics of pleural lesions is the main research method in the diagnostic algorithm of cases of pleural effusions of unknown etiology against the background of HIV infection.
Topographic and anatomical features of muscular and vascular structures in lateral cervical region during prenatal period of human ontogenesis
Authors: Tsyhykalo O.V. , Popova I.S. , Khodorovska A.A. , Chernikova G.M.
Published: December 2021

Background. One of topical areas of morphological research is features of topographic a relationships of the vascular, nervous, muscular, fascial and cartilaginous structures of the neck in prenatal period of human ontogenesis, as data on their formation at different stages of development will improve diagnostic methods of visualization and surgical correction of congenital and acquired pathologies of head and neck. Objective. To find out the peculiarities of synthopia of vascular and muscular structures of the lateral cervical region in human prefetuses. Methods. 9 human prenatal specimens aged 9-12 weeks of prenatal development have been studied by using a set of morphological methods, according to existing bioethical norms. Results. During 9th week of development, bony and musclar boundaries of the lateral triangle of the neck, the carotid vagina, and the components of the vascular-nervous bundle of the neck have been determined. Within the carotid triangle, the external carotid artery is located superficially; it is crossed frontally by the cervical branch of facial nerve and the sublingual nerve. The superior thyroid artery departs from the external carotid artery at the level of the cartilaginous model of the large horns of hyoid bone and passes to the rudiment of thyroid gland. Retropharyngeal space is found at 9th week of development, moderately filled with adipose tissue. The anterior vertebral plate of the cervical fascia forms the bottom for posterior triangle of neck. Conclusion. The lateral cervical region in human prefetuses is represented by a multilayered topographic zone with formed boundaries and contents. Cervical fascia forms carotid vagina within the carotid triangle, and pharyngeal space. The course of blood vessels and nerves within the lateral cervical region is variable. Three-dimensional reconstructions of prefetuses serve as evidence of the early formation of definitive topographic connections within early bony and cartilaginous models in relation to the muscles of the anterior and lateral cervical regions.
An analysis of the pathological states of pregnant women in ante-intranatal fetal death in kharkov during 2016-2019
Authors: Sherstiuk S.O. , Zats O.S. , Naumova O.V. , Sherstiuk L.L. , Panov S.I.
Published: December 2021

Background. In Ukraine among perinatal losses, a high proportion of stillbirth remains, the level of which depends on many factors, including the presence of somatic and genital pathology in a woman, pathological conditions during pregnancy, including eclampsia (PE), iron deficiency anemia of pregnant women (IDA), chorioamnionitis (CA). These conditions can be combined with each other, which increases the risk of fetal death during pregnancy or childbirth. Objective. To conduct a somatic and gynecological diseases, complications of pregnancy in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and chorioamnionitis (CA), whose pregnancy ended in ante-intrapartum fetal death at 30-40 weeks of gestation. Methods. We investigated 58 cases of stillbirth at 30-40 weeks of gestation from pregnant women with PE (n = 16), IDA (n = 16), CA (n = 26) on the basis of the Communal non-profit enterprise "City Perinatal Center "Kharkov. The clinical data of the mothers, the protocols of the pathological examination of the placenta were studied. Results. Based on the study, it was found that in women whose pregnancy was complicated by PE and IDA, the most frequent types of somatic pathology were hypertensive disorders (32% and 12.5%, respectively) and chronic diseases of the digestive system. (25% and 12.5%, respectively), among gynecological diseases, uterine leiomyoma and endocervicosis were more common, among complications of pregnancy and childbirth - premature birth (50% each, respectively) pathology of the placenta (50% and 68.8%, respectively) and disorders of the content amniotic fluid (31.3% and 18.8%, respectively).The extragenital pathology in pregnant women with CA was presented with the infectious diseases (30.7%), an acute respiratory viral infections (19.2%), the cardiovascular pathology (11.5%), and the chronic inflammatory diseases of various localization (7.6%). The most frequency gynecological pathology were inflammatory genital diseases (23.21%). The pregnancy and labor were often complicated with the placental pathology (50%), premature birth (38.5%), preeclampsia (19.2%), and anemia (19.2%). During pregnancy, placental dysfunction diagnosed only in 31.3% of cases with PE, 25% with IDA and 3.8% with CA, but in pathological examination, morphological signs of placental insufficiency recorded in almost every case of all groups. Conclusion. In pregnancy, aggravated by PE, IDA or CA, the presence of extragenital pathology, gynecological diseases, and other complications of pregnancy were additional factors that increased the severity of placental insufficiency and fetal hypoxia, which was the cause of its death. Timely diagnosis of placental dysfunction and the implementation of therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the associated negative impact on the fetus can help reduce perinatal mortality.
Eponyms in the human heart anatomy
Authors: Svitlytskyi A.O. , Cherniavskyi A.V. , Abrosimov Yu.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The present time is characterized by an increase in the pace of life, and medicine is no exception. Often, when analyzing the medical literature, specialists are faced with the fact that in different publications almost the same structure has a different name, which causes misunderstanding among specialists in various medical fields. This is especially true for clinicians who use the convenient anatomical names of fundamental scientists such as morphologists. As these names, terms from the International Anatomical Nomenclature are used, along with which, especially in clinical anatomy and medicine, eponymous names are accepted. The use of the latter can also be misunderstood, because eponyms are absent in modern anatomical terminology. However, additional knowledge of eponyms, along with common terms, gives the opportunity to look into the past and honor the memory of those who first described the structures. The paper attempts to systematize the names - eponyms of human heart structures. The need for such work exists because many structures have several eponymous names. In addition, if you arrange the terms in the chronological order of their occurrence, you can trace the main stages in the history of the human heart study. Despite the large number of eponymous names for the same structure and the doubtful attribution of some authors, the work lists only the most common eponyms in domestic and foreign literature, about the origin and authors of which reliable information was found. In 1955, at the IV International Congress of Anatomists in Paris (Paris Anatomical Nomenclature, PNA), eponymous names were excluded from the terminology. There are a number of objective reasons for this, but at the same time, the main function of eponyms is lost - the preservation and transmission to descendants the memory of major figures of medical science who made a significant contribution to its development. Therefore, despite the exclusion of eponyms from the official terminology, these terms are widely used today both at the departments of universities in the world, and in clinical literature and practice.
Impact of post- amputation pain syndrome on the results of bone stump formation
Authors: Bezsmertnyi Y.O. , Shevchuk V.I. , Jiang Y. , Bezsmertna H.V. , Bezsmertnyi O.Yu.
Published: December 2021

Background. To the present day, a high rate of unsatisfactory amputation results still exists. The healing of the bone residual limb, the main support element of the residual limb, is of particular importance. Objective. To study the impact of postamputation pain syndrome on the nature of reparative processes in the bone residual limb. Methods. Three series of experiments were performed on 45 rabbits, 15 in each with mid-third thigh amputation and muscular plasty. In series 1 and 2, a perineural catheter was attached to the sciatic nerve stump during amputation, and mechanical irritation of the nerve was performed daily for 20 minutes in series 1 for 20 days. In series 2, 0.3 ml of 1% lidocaine was injected through the catheter into the circumference of the nerve twice daily for 20 days. Animals of series 3 served as a control. The follow-up periods were 1, 3, 6 months. The study method was histological with infusion of the vessels with ink-gelatin mixture. Results. In series 1, there was a sharp disturbance of the reparative process, which consisted in shape changes, resorption of the cortical diaphyseal plate, stump deformity, absence of bone closure plate formation, and microcirculatory disturbances. In most experiments of the 2nd series, organotypic stumps were formed with normalized microcirculation. In series 3, the results of the residual limb formation were better than in series 1, but worse than in series 2. Conclusion. In the absence of pain syndrome, the bone stump after amputation at the diaphysis level over a period of 1, 3, 6 months retains its cylindrical shape, the structure of the cortical diaphyseal plate, the content of the medullary canal with normal microcirculation, the formation of the bone closure plate, and the completion of the reparative process. The presence of postamputation pain syndrome in the stump distorts the course of the reparative process with the development of pathological remodeling of bone tissue.
Morphofunctional state of the medulla and the fascicular zone of the adrenal cortex in modeling Alzheimer's disease by excessive administration of sodium nitrite
Authors: Gubina-Vakulyck G.I. , Denysenko S.A. , Gorbach T.V. , Zorenko Ye.M. , Goydina V.S.
Published: December 2021

Background. Nitrates and nitrites are found in soil, water, human food, dyes, and medicines. In the literature, both positive and negative effects from the ingestion of nitrates and nitrites into the body are considered. A nitrite model of Alzheimer's type dementia of vascular origin was used in the work. Objective. The aim of the study was to study the morphofunctional state of the adrenal glands of experimental animals with prolonged administration of sodium nitrite. The study was carried out on male rats of the WAG population, which were divided into 3 groups: gr. N-14 - received injections of a water solution of sodium nitrite at a dose of 50 mg / kg of body weight daily for 14 days; gr. N-28 - Rats received similar injections for 28 days. Injections are intraperitoneal. Control rats were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Results. In animals of the main groups, the formation of a morphofunctional picture of the development of a stress reaction takes place, which was also confirmed morphometrically, and in group N-28 - with signs of incipient decompensation of the medulla and the fascicular zone of the adrenal cortex. Conclusion. When simulating Alzheimer's disease in laboratory rats by the introduction of a water solution of sodium nitrite at a dose of 50 mg / kg of body weight by daily intraperitoneal injection for 14 and 28 days, a picture of their morphofunctional activation is formed in the medulla and fascicular zone of the adrenal cortex. In the group with a 28-day course of administration of sodium nitrite solution, morphofunctional signs of decompensation of the medulla and the fascicular zone of the adrenal glands (especially the medulla) appear, which indicates the development of severe distress in animals and the impossibility of restoring homeostasis.
Efficacy and tolerability of methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg/week and 10 mg/week in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Gavrysyuk V.K. , Merenkova I.O. , Gumeniuk G.L. , Pendalchuk N.V. , Morska N.D. , Vlasova N.A.
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative study of the efficacy and safety of methotrexate (MT) at a dose of 10 mg/week and 15 mg/week in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis having contraindications to GCS therapy. Material and Methods. The study involved 44 patients with stage II pulmonary sarcoidosis (26 females and 18 males aged 24 to 70) with contraindications to the appointment of therapy glucocorticosteroid (GCS). In group 1 (28 patients), methotrexate was prescribed at a dose of 10 mg/week, in group 2 (16 patients), methotrexate was prescribed at a dose of 15 mg/week. The diagnosis and assessment of the dynamics of sarcoidosis were carried out taking into account clinical symptoms based on the results of high-resolution computed tomography and body plethysmography. The significance of differences in indicators was determined using the Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. The number of cases of clinical treatment without residual changes of a fibrous nature in the lung parenchyma in patients after treatment with methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg/week significantly increased compared to the same indicator in the group of patients after treatment at a dose of 10 mg/week (81.3% and 42.4% respectively, p=0.025). An increase in the therapeutic dose of methotrexate from 10 mg/week to 15 mg/week leads to a decrease in the time to achieve a clinical cure (10.1±0.5 months and 12.8±0.8 months respectively, р˂0.02), indicating an accelerating rate of regression of sarcoidosis. Immunosuppressive therapy of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis using the drug at doses of 10 and 15 mg/week is characterized by satisfactory tolerability.
Diagnosis and surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis
Authors: Shaprinskyi  V.O. , Vorovskyi O.O. , Kaminskyi O.A. , Pashynskyi Ya.M.
Published: December 2021

The results of treatment of 72 patients with echinococcosis of the liver were analyzed, women – 62 (86.2%), men – 10 (13.8%). Primary echinococcosis was detected in 69 (95.8%) patients, secondary – in 3 (4.2%). Among instrumental research methods, ultrasound and computed tomography examination were of diagnostic value. Single liver cysts were found in 63 (87.5%) patients, multiple – in 9 (12.5%). Among patients with solitary cysts, the right lobe was more often affected than the left – 48 (66.7%) vs 24 (33.3%) cases. Echinococcosis of central localization was less common and was noted in 8 (11.1%) cases. Echinococcosis complications were observed in 16 (22.2%) patients. Among them, most often there were suppurations of the cyst – in 13 (18.1%); a bursting of the cyst into the free abdominal cavity – in 1 (1.4%), in the pleural cavity – 1 (1.4%), in the biliary tract – in 1 (1.4%). Partial or complete liming of the hand was observed in 12 (16.7%) patients. In 20 (27.8%) cases, the operation was performed from the upper median access, in 42 (58.3%) – from oblique hypochondria accesses by Kocher or by Fedorov. Pericystectomy was performed in 48 (66.7%) patients, in 8 (11.1%) patients underwent resections of liver segments with an echinococcal cyst, in 4 (5.6%) – cyst opening with removal of contents and treatment of its cavity. Laparoscopic echinococectomy was used in 12 (16.7%) patients. In the postoperative period complications were observed in 16 (22.2%) patients. The use of the welding electrocoagulator EK-300M "Swarmed" in the thermal rehabilitation of the walls of the residual cavity after echinococectomy allowed to reduce blood loss from 2200±210 ml to 250±50 ml. With the use of laparoscopic echinococectomy, intraoperative blood loss was reduced by 9 times (р=0.0001); duration of operation – 2 times (р<0.05), stay in hospital – 3.3 times (р=0.002). There were no fatal outcomes. Before and after operation antirelapse antiparasitic therapy with albendazole (Vormil) was performed in two cycles of 28 days, separated by a 14-day break. The dose at body weight over 60 kg was 400 mg 2 times a day, and for less than 60 kg the drug was calculated at a rate of 15 mg/kg/day. There were 2 (2.8%) cases of relapse, there was no mortality.
A comparative analysis on safety culture in domestic and foreign health care facilities and enterprises of other activities (message 2)
Authors: Yavorovsky A.P. , Rygan M.M. , Naumenko A.N. , Skaletsky Yu.N. , Gichka S.G. , Ivanko A.V. , Varyvonchyk D.V. , Shkurba A.V. , Bugro V.I. , Brukhno R.P. , Zinchenko T.О. , Gorval A.K. , Kirichuk I.M.
Published: December 2021

The characteristics of the safety culture of patients and personnel in health care facilities in Ukraine as a whole and separately among doctors-pathologists are analyzed with correlation of the data obtained with similar indicators of the culture of patient safety in medical facilities of other countries and comparison with the safety culture of workers of domestic nuclear power plants. It was confirmed that the weaknesses of the safety culture of the personnel of domestic hospitals is characterized by "Reaction to mistakes", which indicates the prevalence of the culture of blame (unfair culture) in domestic hospitals and, as a result, the absence of real data on medical errors and other incidents of patient safety. The high percentage of positive responses to the safety culture characteristic “Response to mistakes” among the workers of Ukrainian nuclear power plants is an example of the possibility of forming an appropriate safety culture in a separate domestic industry, and the high percentage of positive answers by this characteristic in domestic pathologists is a significant potential for the development of a safe hospital environment for patients. in Ukraine.
Analysis of Mobile Malware: A Systematic Review of Evolution and Infection Strategies
Authors: Ashawa Moses , Morris Sarah
Published: December 2021

The open-source and popularity of Android attracts hackers and has multiplied security concerns targeting devices. As such, malware attacks on Android are one of the security challenges facing society. This paper presents an analysis of mobile malware evolution between 2000-2020. The paper presents mobile malware types and in-depth infection strategies malware deploys to infect mobile devices. Accordingly, factors that restricted the fast spread of early malware and those that enhance the fast propagation of recent malware are identified. Moreover, the paper discusses and classifies mobile malware based on privilege escalation and attack goals. Based on the reviewed survey papers, our research presents recommendations in the form of measures to cope with emerging security threats posed by malware and thus decrease threats and malware infection rates. Finally, we identify the need for a critical analysis of mobile malware frameworks to identify their weaknesses and strengths to develop a more robust, accurate, and scalable tool from an Android detection standpoint. The survey results facilitate the understanding of mobile malware evolution and the infection trend. They also help mobile malware analysts to understand the current evasion techniques mobile malware deploys.
Motivation-based Attacker Modelling for Cyber Risk Management: A Quantitative Content: Analysis and a Natural Experiment
Authors: Kaiser Florian-Klaus , Wiens Marcus , Schultmann Frank
Published: December 2021

Cyber-attacks have a tremendous impact on worldwide economic performance. Hence, it is vitally important to implement effective risk management for different cyber-attacks, which calls for profound attacker models. However, cyber risk modelling based on attacker models seems to be restricted to overly simplified models. This hinders the understanding of cyber risks and represents a heavy burden for efficient cyber risk management. This work aims to forward scientific research in this field by employing a multi-method approach based on a quantitative content analysis of scientific literature and a natural experiment. Our work gives evidence for the oversimplified modelling of attacker motivational patterns. The quantitative content analysis gives evidence for a broad and established misunderstanding of attackers as being illicitly malicious. The results of the natural experiment substantiate the findings of the content analysis. We thereby contribute to the improvement of attacker modelling, which can be considered a necessary prerequisite for effective cyber risk management.
The Opportunities and Challenges Analysis of the Coffee Shop Business during the Covid Pandemic 19 in Pekanbaru
Authors: Joesyiana Kiki , Prihastuti Asepma Hygi , Susanti Desi
Published: December 2021

Currently, the coffee shop is one of the growing trends in the coffee businesses that are of great interest, not only in Pekanbaru but throughout Indonesia, the existence of a coffee shop business is increasing growth. However, in early 2020, the world faced Covid 19 pandemic that is greatly impacting the life aspects including the coffee shop business. This research aims to know the opportunities and challenges as the reference for the owner to run the business ahead in Covid 29 Pandemic and to be more creative to take advantage of its opportunities and challenges to keep the business survived and to make a profit. The Descriptive qualitative analysis was employed in this research with a SWOT framework. Primary and secondary data were used in this research, it was obtained from observation and in-depth interview related to opportunities and challenges of coffee shop business in Covid 19 Pandemic and also the distribution of the questionnaire. SWOT analysis and SWOT matrix show that the Coffee Shop business in Pekanbaru is in cell 1 (Grow and Build). Intensive strategy (market penetration, product development, and market development) was the most appropriate strategy to be implemented in this cell part of the Coffee Shop business in Pekanbaru
Pembelajaran Kewirausahaan di SMA Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Noviani Leny , Wahida Adam
Published: December 2021

The objectives of this study are: 1) to describe the implementation of entrepreneurship learning in high school during the Covid-19 pandemic, and 2) to provide solutions on how to improve the quality of entrepreneurship learning. This study uses a descriptive method. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Respondents were 1,347 high school students in grades XI and XII from 10 high schools in Sragen The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic, entrepreneurship learning taught more about theory (69.1%). The method used by teachers when teaching is assignments (54.8%) on assignments/homework on entrepreneurship theory. The digital platforms used by teachers are google classroom (39.3%), zoom (9.6%, WhatsApp (25.5%), google meet (16%), and other platforms 9.5%. In general, students assessed that entrepreneurship lessons are in accordance with their needs and provide provisions to become entrepreneurs. As many as 64.5% of students feel enthusiastic about participating in lessons. Improvements in entrepreneurship learning according to students' perceptions are: the material is more applicable and interesting, trained in how to overcome real problems, and balanced with practice. Entrepreneurship education can be done through intra-curricular activities in class, co-curricular, and extra-curricular
Mengeksplorasi Variabel Pemediasi Hubungan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan dan Niat Berwirausaha Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Safitri Nia Nur , Nugraha Jaka
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions through risk taking, self-efficacy, and being proactive during the COVID-19 pandemic. The population in this study were students of class XI and XII majoring in office governance automation who took lessons on creative products and entrepreneurship at SMKN 1 Surabaya using 188 respondents with simple random sampling technique. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. Analysis of the data used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results obtained in this study are entrepreneurship education has no significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, risk taking as a mediation has no significant effect between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions, self-efficacy is able to significantly mediate the effect of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intentions, proactive is not able to significantly mediate the effect of education entrepreneurship to entrepreneurial intentions. The limitation of this study is that the proposed model was only tested in SMKN 1 Surabaya, students of class XI and XII majoring in office governance automation. Originality in this study is to measure the mediating variables, namely risk taking, self-efficacy, and proactiveness in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions.
Analisis Implementasi Pembelajaran Luring Menjadi Daring Saat Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Ekasakti
Authors: Gumanti Dessyta , Teza Serli Diovani , Respita Reni
Published: December 2021

This study attempts to evaluate how Ekasakti University's Economic Education students used offline learning to become online during the covid-19 pandemic. This research employs a descriptive research design with a qualitative methodology. The primary and secondary data sources for this study are primary and secondary data. The subject of this study is a student in Ekasakti University's Economic Education Study Program who participated in online learning during the covid-19 epidemic. Interactive analysis was used in the data analysis technique. The results showed that the overall implementation of learning from offline to online for Economic Education students at Ekasakti University went well during the covid-19 pandemic, but there were several obstacles encountered in general, including the readiness to access the internet, namely difficult internet networks and expensive internet quotas, and difficulties in understanding the material, with the problem encountered specifically in using the Digital Class Platform.
impact of the European Accounting Review on accounting research (1992-2019)
Authors: Martínez-García Aitor , Horrach-Rosselló Patricia , Valluzi Chiara , Mulet-Forteza Carles
Published: December 2021

This paper analyzes the contribution that the European Accounting Review has made to accounting research since it was launched in 1992. Among the many motives for writing this paper, we believe that the most important ones are to identify the evolution of the main areas of research and to predict future trends in the field of accounting. Via a bibliometric approach, we have analyzed a total of 952 European Accounting Review publications indexed in the Scopus database since its inception, as well as 22,605 publications from 18 other journals indexed in the first quartile in the subject category 'accounting' of the Scopus database. We have identified the most influential documents and authors based on their publications and citations, the most productive institutions and their co-citation patterns, and the most prolific countries over three sub periods: 1992-2000, 2001-2010 and 2011-2019. We have also examined past and current research topics giving special attention to ‘accounting history’ to study the significance of this field of research in the journal. Some of our findings show that the most productive authors in EAR are Christopher Humphrey, David Alexander, Christopher W. Nobes, Pat Sucher and Begoña Giner. Regarding institutions and countries, the British, Spanish, and Dutch excelled in productivity. The topic ‘disclosure’ was the most addressed from 1992 to 2010, whereas ‘audit’ and ‘IFRS’ took the lead in the last decade. We have also studied the journal’s patterns of publication on ‘accounting history’. Our findings reveal that, although the publications in that field have been decreasing over the years, 9% of all documents published in the EAR are in that field of research.
An Examination of the Correlation between South African Grade 12 students’ Mathematics Self-Concept and their Academic Achievement
Authors: Ouda James Bill , Runhare Tawanda , Mudzielwana Ndileleni , Cassim Hasina , Mulovhedzi Shonisani Agnes
Published: December 2021

This study measured the correlation between mathematics self-concept and academic achievement of students at four schools in Vhembe District, South Africa. The study targeted Grade 12 candidates for the South African National Senior Certificate (matric). A sample of 236 respondents – 112 boys and 124 girls – was selected from four schools using purposive and stratified random sampling. Two schools were in a rural area and two in an urban area. A questionnaire that included items from the Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire, and document analysis, were used to measure mathematics self-concept and academic achievement. Each respondent's mathematics achievement score was determined by averaging their mathematics scores over three consecutive terms. The multiple linear regression model and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypotheses. The results of the study show that mathematics self-concept positively and significantly predicted academic achievement. Based on findings, the study makes recommendations for effective methods that teachers and other stakeholders can employ to increase students’ mathematics self-concept and boost students’ academic achievement.
Characteristics of Functional Speech Sound Disorders in Korean Children
Authors: Han Min Jeong , Kim Sun Jun
Published: December 2021

Purpose: A speech sound disorder (SSD) is defined as the presence of a problem with articulation and phonological processes in a child. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of Korean patients with functional SSDs without any neuromuscular abnormalities. Methods: The medical records of patients aged 36 to 72 months old who were diagnosed with SSDs were retrospectively reviewed. SSD patients who scored less than 85 in the U-Tap test were divided into two groups according to their receptive language scores on the PRES/SELSI. Results: Sixty-seven percent of patients with language impairment (LI) who were diagnosed with an SSD initially visited the hospital for a delay in language development (n=18, 66.7%). Among children with only an SSD, 26.7% (n=8) of the patients recognized it as a language developmental problem. All SSD patients had substitution errors in the onset of initial syllables (SSD, SSD+LI: 100%; typical development [TD]: 37.5%). Of particular note, SSD children with LI had more omission errors (55.6%) than patients with SSD only (16.7%). SSD patients had higher error rates than TD children in all consonants except for the glottal element (P<0.01). The lower the U-Tap score of SSD patients, the lower their expressive language score (P<0.001). Conclusion: A high percentage of children with SSD initially visited the hospital for the treatment of language development delays. Articulation tests are essential for children who suffer from language delay. Furthermore, since incorrect articulation can lead to delays in expressive language development, early interventions should be considered.
VIKTOR FRANKL: Introdução aos estudos teóricos
Authors: Dutra Pereira Raquel Rinco , Monteiro Sandrelena da Silva
Published: December 2021

Enquanto professoras-pesquisadoras de uma universidade pública, sabemos que Viktor Frankl não é um autor tão presente nos currículos dos cursos de graduação, como o tem lugar Freud e Adler. Tal saber nos impulsiona a apresentar esse autor em uma linguagem que seja acessível aos estudantes, sem perder o rigor científico. Estabeleceu-se como objetivo apresentar esse autor a quem está começando a estuda-lo de forma que possam conhecer o caminho por ele construído e princípios defendidos a partir da compreensão de alguns conceitos basilares em sua teoria. Como metodologia elegeu-se a pesquisa bibliográfica com ênfase biográfica, uma vez que a vida e obra de Viktor Emil Frankl será nosso principal objeto de estudo no diálogo com ele mesmo e outros autores que possam contribuir nessa construção. É possível apontar que concepção de vida veiculada na Logoterapia e Análise Existencial se constitui referencial ao se pensar a construção de estratégias de resiliência na vida acadêmica, ressaltando especialmente a “força de resistência do espírito” e a “arte de viver a vida”.
O SER, O TER E O PARECER TER: reflexões sobre a relação entre a educação e a constituição da identidade social
Authors: Favoreto Aparecida , Oliveira Renata Hoeflich Damaso de , Figueiredo Ireni Marilene Zago
Published: December 2021

Com o poema O leão e o domador busca-se refletir sobre a constituição da identidade social na relação entre o ser, o ter e/ou o parecer ter. Para tanto, partindo do pressuposto de que a identidade social é resultante de um processo histórico complexo, dinâmico e contraditório, destaca-se que entre as tendências ser, ter e/ou parecer ter, uma se torna predominante conforme o contexto. Com base em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, aponta-se que nas relações capitalistas, com o desenvolvimento tecnológico e o estímulo ao consumo, o anseio social em possuir coisas tornou-se predominante sobre o ser. Com o advento da internet e a ampliação das possibilidades de interações sociais, sob o domínio do capital, a mercadoria tornou-se a vedete e o parecer ter passou a predominar. Diante deste processo, aponta-se a necessidade de a escola trabalhar a educação mediática no sentido de conscientizar sobre uso das mídias sociais, as consequências do consumismo na construção da identidade social, bem como sobre a possibilidade de sermos mais do que portadores de mercadorias.
POR UM MODELO PASSO A PASSO PARA A LEITURA E ESCRITA DE TEXTOS: Em foco, “O Bicho” de Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Santos Valdenildo Dos
Published: December 2021

Este texto fala sobre pesquisas (2011-2020) e aplicabilidade da teoria greimasiana em poema no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos em torno de um modelo passo à passo para a leitura e escrita de textos atendendo a um anseio de Greimas que falava sobre a “vulgarização” da ciência, palavra que em francês dá-nos a conotação de “popularização”. Seu foco, no entanto, são as pesquisas realizadas em solo americano, por meio de parte de um projeto pós-doutoral, no estado da indiana. A experiência foi realizada com um grupo de alunos de Língua Portuguesa da grade do Departamento de Artes Liberais, setor de Língua Portuguesa, no inverno de 2017, ao qual foi apresentado o poema “O Bicho” de Manuel Bandeira para uma interpretação anterior e outra posterior à apresentação de um modelo passo à passo para a leitura objetiva do texto.
DEMOCRACIA, CIDADE E ESPAÇOS DE PODER EM ENSAIO SOBRE A LUCIDEZ, DE JOSÉ SARAMAGO
Authors: Pinheiro André , Veloso Jeymeson De Paula
Published: December 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar as relações estabelecidas entre espaço e poder no romance Ensaio sobre a lucidez, do escritor português José Saramago, tendo como foco de observação o regime democrático delineado na obra. Lançado no ano de 2004, o romance acaba por promover uma análise da cidade como locus de poder, além de tecer severas críticas ao estado democrático contemporâneo. De modo geral, no romance é corrente a ideia de que a democracia praticada atualmente pelos governantes funciona mais como um discurso dissimulador do que como uma forma política capaz de atender aos anseios da população. Dessa forma, Saramago busca revelar as bases ideológicas e os interesses políticos existentes por trás de grupos governamentais para os quais a democracia não passa de um subterfúgio. É importante destacar que todas essas questões políticas estão materializadas na tessitura do espaço ficcional, no modo como a cidade é estruturada na narrativa. Para promover a leitura do regime democrático na contemporaneidade, utilizamos como aporte teórico os trabalhos de Denis Rosenfield (2008) e Simone Goyard-Fabre (2003); já para executar a análise da estrutura espacial da obra, recorremos às sistematizações produzidas por Ozíris Borges Filho (2007) e Luis Alberto Brandão (2013). Concluímos que, no interior de um enredo agonal, determinados espaços funcionam como materialização do poder coercitivo e outros como um ato de resistência contra à barbárie.
Analysis of Affective Discourse in the Change Process of the Employment Relationship Model: Environment Management through Collective Bargaining
Authors: Bericat Alastuey María Carmen , Antoñanzas Laborda José Luis , Tomás del Río Eva María
Published: December 2021

This paper covers research whose goal was to analyse affective changes in the process of change in the labour relations model that was consolidated throughout the 1990s. Based on a case study, the focus was on the emotional content expressed by the protagonists inrelation to this collective bargaining framework. In conducting the analysis, we used the wide range of procedures provided by Discourse Analysis (DA). Part of this analysis focused on the protagonists’ emotional management of the early stages of the negotiation. The results let us delve deeper into the affective nature of this process, thereby expanding the light shed by other theoretical and methodological perspectives on this change in the labour relations model.
COVID-19 SÜRECİNİN ÇOCUKLARIN GÜVENLİK RİSKLERİNİ ARTIRMASINA İLİŞKİN SOSYAL PSİKOLOJİK BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: GÜLVER Özge
Published: December 2021

Çin’de başlayarak kısa sürede dünyanın tamamına yayılan Covid-19 pandemisi, yaşamsal bir tehdit oluşturmasına ek olarak sosyal, psikolojik, ekonomik vb. birçok probleme yol açmıştır. Devletlerin, halk sağlığının korunabilmesi amacıyla yaptıkları “evde kal” çağrıları ve diğer kısıtlamalar, hastalığın seyrini olumlu yönde etkilemiş olmakla birlikte; bir dizi problemi ve zaten var olan problemlerin artışını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Çocukların güvenlik risklerinin; aile içi şiddet ve istismar suçlarıyla karşılaşma ihtimallerinin artmış olması söz konusu problemler arasındadır. Bu çalışmada, dünya genelinde pandeminin gölgesinde çocukların güvenlik risklerinin artmasının nedenlerini sosyal psikolojik çerçevede ortaya koyulabilmek amaçlanmıştır. İlgili literatür temelinde, çocukların maruz kaldıkları şiddet, istismar ve benzerine ek olarak, tanık oldukları suçların artışına ve pandemi sürecinin buna etkisi hakkında değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Covid-19 sürecinde hastalıktan korunmanın sağlanabilmesi için alınan önlemlerin bir tür yan etkisi olarak, küresel düzeyde çocukların karşı karşıya kaldıkları güvenlik risklerinin ve mağdur edilerek uğradıkları hak ihlallerinin arttığı görülmektedir. Bunda, şiddete meyilli kişilerle ev içinde geçirilen sürenin artmış olması; okul gibi evden uzaklaşabilme imkânı sunan kurumların kapanması ve diğer hizmetlere erişimde aksaklıklar yaşanması; yetişkinlerin yüklenmiş oldukları stresi kendilerinden daha güçsüz olan aile bireylerine yansıtmaları gibi nedenler etkili olabilmektedir. Söz konusu çocuklara yönelik güvenlik risklerinin azaltılabilmesini sağlamak ve mağduriyetlerinin önüne geçebilmek için devletlerin çeşitli önlemler alması ve çözüm arayışı içinde olması gerekmektedir.