bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-driven Decision-making Approach of Laser Cladding Parameters for Low Carbon
Authors: Zhang Yingtao , Tang Zirong , Zhao Lijuan , Lv Guangming , Duan Mingming
Published: December 2022

The machining performance, such as carbon emission, dilution ratio rate, and powder utilization rate, can be improved by selecting appropriate process parameters in laser cladding. However, the importance evaluation of machining performance by users is often fuzzy. How to make a reasonable decision about laser cladding parameters under this condition? To resolve the problem, a multi-objective fuzzy decision-making approach of laser cladding parameters is proposed using support vector regression (SVR), multi-objective dragonfly algorithm (MODA), and fuzzy TOPSIS. Firstly, SVR is used to build the correlation model among laser cladding dilution rate, powder utilization rate, carbon emission, and process parameters. Secondly, MODA is applied to search non-dominated process parameters (non-dominated solution) based on the model. Finally, the non-dominated process parameters are sorted by fuzzy TOPSIS according to the user’s evaluation, the process parameter ranking first is the laser cladding process parameters that best meet the requirements of users, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach are verified via the experiments. The low-carbon decision-making problem of laser cladding parameters under the fuzzy evaluation can be well solved by the proposed approach.
Robust visual odometry based on image enhancement
Authors: Gao Wenxiang , Yang Guizhi , Wang Yuzhang , Ke Jiaxin , Zhong Xungao , Chen Lihua
Published: December 2022

With the rise of augmented reality and autonomous driving, visual SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) has become the focus of research again. Visual odometry is an important part of visual SLAM. Too dark or too strong light will reduce the image quality, resulting in a large deviation in the visual odometry trajectory. Therefore, this paper proposes a visual odometry with image enhancement. Identify the lighting state of the image by estimating the brightness value of the input image. Gamma correction based on truncated cumulative distribution function modulation is used to enhance images that are too dark. For too strong images, negative image strategy is used. An improved algorithm can boost the detailed texture of the image in a poor lighting environment accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of feature point matching and the precision of the pose estimation. Tests on the public EuRoC dataset demonstrate that the presented algorithm has better localization precision and robustness.
Pallet Stamping Die Design
Authors: Dong Weian , Li Chunxu , Xu Xiaokui , Li Shaoxiang
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, the level of stamping dies in the world has been greatly improved, and stamping technology has also developed greatly. Based on the analysis of the pallet parts, it is determined that the required processes are punching and blanking. The compound dying for punching and blanking was chosen for processing after the processing method was examined. Specific design process: analyze the material used for the part, calculate the required punching force, and select the required press according to the punching force, the closing height of the die, and the size of the die handle hole. The parts required by the die, such as convex and concave die, stripper plate, fixed plate, and other components, should also be designed so that the processing of the parts can be completed after the assembly is completed. In the design process, CAD drawing software, three-dimensional drawing software, etc., can be used to complete the drawing of two-dimensional and three-dimensional drawings of parts, improve the efficiency of our drawing, and can also quickly solve problems existing in the drawing, which makes the design process simpler.
Mechanism Design and Mechanical Analysis of Reconfigurable Wheel-track Wheel Based on Offset Guide Rod Mechanisms
Authors: Li Zelin , Xu Linsen , Liu Jinfu , Sui Xiang
Published: December 2022

According to different terrain characteristics, combined with the motion characteristics of wheeled and tracked mobile mechanisms, a reconfigurable wheel-track hybrid deformable wheel with multiple motion forms is proposed and developed. It is composed of a track, wheel body, slewing bearing, and conductive slip ring. In the wheel body, the deformation mechanism, braking mechanism, and turnover locking mechanism can make it realize four kinds of motion forms, such as wheeled form and triangular-tracked form. Based on the corresponding parameter model, the static and dynamic analysis of the deformation mechanism is carried out. Among them, the dynamic analysis puts forward two solutions to the rigid impact problem in the deformation process, and the second solution is systematically modeled. It is found that it can be expressed as a standard second-order system, and the simulation parameters are set according to its characteristics to verify the feasibility of the scheme.
Structural Design and Spatial Geometric Error Modeling of the Machine Tool for Implant Denture
Authors: Zhao Gang , Zhao Gang , Shao Hua , Huang Bo , He Kai
Published: December 2022

Implant denture is the most essential method of oral repair, and its processing depends heavily on the precision machining center. Most special denture machine tools do not take into account the requirement of automatic machining of parts. During processing, the parts need to be double-clamped, which changes the geometry of the parts. In this paper, a small special machine tool with seven axes has been developed to realize the automatic processing of implant dentures. Firstly, the processing technology of implant dentures is introduced, and the function of a special machine tool is analyzed. Then, the mechanical structure of the machine tool is established. It has seven moving axes and two cylinders, with the capability of five-axis linkage and combined turning and milling. Uniquely, it has a backside machining unit, which allows the entire automated machining process to be completed after only one clamping. The topological movement chain of the machine tool under different working modes is introduced emphatically. The results show that the machine structure can satisfy the automatic machining process of denture parts. Meanwhile, the spatial geometric error model under each topology is established, which provides a theoretical basis for the error compensation of the machine tools.
Test and Analysis of Loading Resistance of Loader
Authors: Tan Cheng , Chen Yanhui , He Weitong , Hong Qiangang
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the resistance of the bucket and the change of the resistance during the loading process of the loader are studied. In the automatic shovel loading test, the bucket tip trajectory during shovel loading is planned reasonably by matching the shovel loading method (moving arm cylinder displacement and steering cylinder displacement with the linkage of the vehicle). The gravel material in the shovel loading test is analyzed. The shovel-loading process can be divided into the bucket insertion and shovel digging stages, and the resistance in the two stages was analyzed separately in terms of trajectory. It is obtained that the horizontal insertion resistance is proportional to the insertion depth of the shovel, the change of the resistance, the change of the resistance direction, and the trajectory of the shovel during the shovel excavation stage.
Continuous Estimation of Upper Limb Joint Angle Based on Stacked Denoising Autoencoder
Authors: Wen Liqun , Li Donglin , Pei Xinglong , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianhui
Published: December 2022

In the human-robot interaction system of the rehabilitation robot for stroke rehabilitation, surface electromyography (sEMG) signal-based continuous joint angle estimation has essential significance and implementation value. However, the existing intra-subject mode is time-consuming and lacks generality, while the adoption of the new inter-subject mode tests the model’s generalization ability; at the same time, the often-adopted multi-feature fusion strategy makes the feature dimensionality too high and increases the computational pressure of the system. In this regard, firstly, four time-domain features of multi-channel sEMG are extracted as the initial features; then, a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE) network is constructed to encode the initial set of sEMG features in low dimensions and extract more robust low-dimensional features; finally, an LSTM network is introduced as the regression network between sEMG features and joint angles. The results indicate that the feature extraction method proposed is superior to other methods and can be used for the control of the rehabilitation robot with a stable and accurate continuous joint angle estimation during motion.
Test Study on Strength of Laser Additive Manufacture AF1410 Steel I-Shaped Beam
Authors: Zhuo Yi , Ma Lina , Li Sanyuan , Su Shaopu , Li Lei
Published: December 2022

The static and fatigue strength of laser additive manufactured AF1410 steel I-beam were tested by a four-point bending test, and the same method was used to test the conventional forged, machined AF1410 short steel beams. The fatigues test data of both short beams were analyzed by DFR method. The test and analysis results show that the static strength of laser additive short beams is close to conventionally fabricated short beams, and the fatigue performance is weaker than that of forged, machined short beams.
Design of Thermostat Controlled Electrical Heating Circuits on Manned Spacecraft
Authors: Zhang Li , Fu Yang , Tang Zixin , Chen Ling , Feng Maolong
Published: December 2022

A thermostat is a type of contact inductive device. It has the features of being compact, lightweight, and high temperature control precision. A scheme for using a thermostat as a control device in the active electrical heating and temperature control circuit of the spacecraft is proposed. It is in line with the design requirement of the spacecraft thermal control system when the computer controlled heater-system is limited. Compared with the computer-controlled heater system, the thermostat-controlled heater system has the advantages of simple configuration, easy implementation, and high reliability under certain conditions. The thermal design of the shunt regulator, manipulator, portable light, and emergency brake device is analysed given the characteristics of the demands on manned spacecraft. The use of a thermostat to solve the temperature control problem when a computer is not available is a common feature of these thermal designs. The temperature results of the on-orbit test and ground test prove that using a thermostat in the heater system of spacecraft can ensure equipment is within the range of index requirement reliably.
Comparative Analysis of Horizontal Vibrating Centrifuge and Vertical Scraper Centrifuge
Authors: Dong Xiaolei
Published: December 2022

Horizontal vibrating centrifuge and vertical scraper centrifuge are the main equipment for the dehydration of the final coal in the coal preparation plant. They are widely used. There are many misunderstandings in the actual selection of centrifuges, which brings unnecessary problems to the later use. In view of how to reasonably select the two kinds of equipment and improve the actual use effect of the centrifuges, the structural composition, working principle and later maintenance cost of the two centrifuges are compared and analyzed, to provide reference and guidance for the effective utilization, cost saving and use effect improvement of centrifuges, so as to improve economic and social benefits.
Metal-organic frameworks-based hydrogen storage strategies and applications
Authors: Li Alex
Published: December 2022

Against the backdrop of rising emissions of greenhouse gasses and the need for sustainable fuel, hydrogen storage has recently become a popular energy storage option due to its many benefits, such as high energy capacity, low concentrations of side products, and relative ease of access. However, hydrogen storage is not perfect and possesses some critical flaws that prevent it from reaching its full potential, which include volatility and flammability. There are many candidates for hydrogen storage and also extant technologies to target hydrogen storage. Among all the ways proposed to store hydrogen, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become increasingly popular because of their exemplary high surface area and adaptable pore structure. This research explores the various developments of MOFs in the field of hydrogen storage and how they may be improved and compared to one another. It will discuss the issues with current MOFs and design procedures and elements, such as making use of void spaces in MOFs. Then it will proceed to explore how MOFs have been enhanced through impregnation, catenation, and open metal sites. Lastly, this review will feature some breakthrough MOFs that have been promising for hydrogen storage.
Assembly state detection technology based on virtual reality for key components of large space deployable mechanism
Authors: Liu Jianze , Zeng Ting , Wang Yan , Ren Mingyan , Li Yun , Zhang Zhiqiang
Published: December 2022

Aiming at the highly reliable assembly demand of large space deployable mechanisms with complex interface relationships of components such as bars and hinges, the intelligent assembly state detection of components based on Mixed Reality technology was studied. We designed and built the assembly condition detection system of key components of large space deployable mechanisms, realized the installation position detection of key parts with the Histogram of Oriented Gradients and Support Vector Machine as the recognition algorithm of truss joint base and image processing of screws with truss joint. The detection system is applied to the assembly of the large space truss mechanism. The results show that the accuracy of part recognition is 100%. The system can reduce problems of missing or the wrong assembly and improve the automatic level of large space deployable mechanism assembly detection.
Modeling and Simulation of Torsional Resistance of Hollow Shaft with Small Diameter Based on ABAQUS
Authors: Liang Meiqin , Wang Shang , Ma Jinru
Published: December 2022

Torsional resistance is an important mechanical property of the shaft. The traditional torsional resistance measurement is based on the deformation of the strain gauge, which needs to be attached to the shaft under test. When the inner diameter of the hollow shaft is small, the stress measurement error of the inner wall of the shaft will be very large because the strain gauge has a certain size. To solve this problem and obtain more accurate data, this study adopts the finite element model simulation method to calculate the torsional resistance of a hollow shaft with a small diameter. The 3D finite element model is built and computed on the server. Rich data and colorful nephograms are acquired. The results show that the stress value of the same position increases with the increase of torque. When the torque is 6 kNm, the shaft is plastically deformed, and the maximum Mises stress reaches 432.2 MPa. The maximum Mises stress occurred on the outer surface of the shaft. When plastic deformation occurs on the outer surface, the stress on each part of the shaft increases. Finite element modeling and simulation can obtain rich data and visual nephograms, which is very helpful to the research of torsional resistance of shaft.
Data-driven model for calculating capacity efficiency margins for distribution substations
Authors: Huang Xin , Ding Juan , Zhang Jianyuan , Zhang Chunlin , Luo Hairong , Gao Bo
Published: December 2022

To solve the problem of the low recovery rate of critical loads in the capacity efficiency margin calculation model of the distribution substation area, a data-driven capacity efficiency margin calculation model for the distribution substation area is designed by identifying the data characteristics of customer-side resources in the distribution substation area, approximating the functional relationship between mechanical and electrical energy using segmentation functions, finding the equipment regulation strategies corresponding to historical load sequences from the database, designing a dynamic optimal tide framework using data-driven technology, discovering the shortcomings that limit the performance of network carrying capacity, and constructing a capacity efficiency margin calculation model. Test results: Under three different simulation scenarios, the average values of key load recovery rates of the distribution substation capacity efficiency margin calculation model and the other two models are 64.946%, 56.223%, and 55.024% respectively, indicating that the designed distribution substation capacity efficiency margin calculation model is more effective when fully combined with data-driven technology.
Research on Power Security in Key Areas of Urban Distribution Network
Authors: Tian Yongming , Mu Chenyu , Lu Jie , Ma Jianning , Du Jiancheng
Published: December 2022

To solve the problem that the voltage and current of power consumption in key areas of urban distribution networks exceed the safe range of power consumption, research on power consumption security in key areas of urban distribution networks is carried out. Under the condition of the feeder N-1 criterion, the maximum power supply capacity model of the urban distribution network is established. The theory of feeder interconnection is introduced to determine the security region of the distribution network. The security response is carried out for power users in key areas, and a new power security scheme is proposed. The example proves that the application of the safety guarantee scheme can control the voltage and current in the key areas of urban distribution networks within a safe range, and improve the overall operation safety of urban distribution networks.
Application of High-voltage Circuit Breaker Status Evaluation Method Based on Primary and Secondary Integrated Switch Detection Platform
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Nie Yu , Zhao Chuanzong , Du Wei , Wang Yanan , Cai Zhiwei , Dong Wenhai , Liu Yanbing
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a high-voltage circuit breakers status evaluation method based on the primary and secondary integrated switch detection platform to cope with the poor effect of existing evaluation methods. A high-voltage circuit breaker status evaluation index system was determined in combination with the actual situation of high-voltage circuit breakers. The subjective weight of the status of the high-voltage circuit breaker was determined with the analytic hierarchy process, the objective weight of the status of the high-voltage circuit breaker was calculated by the entropy method, and the analog acquisition accuracy of the high-voltage circuit breaker was improved with the amplification circuit design of the genetic algorithm. After the weight was determined, the overall weighted evaluation was performed, and the status of the high-voltage circuit breaker was evaluated through primary and secondary integration. Through comparative experiments, it can be seen that the results of the weight proportion test on the high-voltage circuit breaker status evaluation based on the primary and secondary integration are greater than that of the traditional high-voltage circuit breaker status evaluation method. Therefore, the designed evaluation method based on the primary and secondary integration can be better applied to the distribution network and protect the circuit.
Research and application of detection platform for distribution primary and secondary fusion switchgear
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Nie Yu , Zhao Chuanzong , Du Wei , Wang Yanan , Cai Zhiwei , Dong Wenhai , Liu Yanbing
Published: December 2022

China’s power enterprises are actively promoting the combinations of primary and secondary devices for distribution switchgear. However, these devices are still being tested separately, and the testing devices are bulky and occupy a large area. In this regard, we propose a new type of testing platform that can achieve three functions: testing for primary devices, testing for a system that integrates primary and secondary devices, and testing for distribution terminals. Hardware components, plug-in modules, and internal interfaces are designed in a standardized and compact manner, and genetic algorithms are used to automatically generate test samples. The integrated test platform for switch sets is miniaturized and portable, and its test environment is more in line with the field test, thus offering more efficient and reliable test results compared to traditional testing devices.
User-side integrated energy system efficiency assessment system and application
Authors: Wang Yongli , Teng Yue , Yuan Bo , Zhou Hanzhi , Huang Aixi , Li Yuanfei
Published: December 2022

In view of the lack of systematic investigation on the evaluation indexes of user-side integrated energy systems, a scientific and systematic evaluation index system is proposed from four aspects: energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, energy supply quality and environmental protection, and the calculation methods of each index are given based on time-series simulation and sequential Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that the proposed evaluation index system can provide a foundation for the decision-making of the user-side integrated energy system planning scheme.
Energy Efficiency Optimization Technology of Integrated Energy System Based on Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Sun Shumin , Xing Jiawei , Yu Peng , Cheng Yan , Wang Ruiqi , Wang Yuejiao
Published: December 2022

At present, the energy efficiency optimization of an integrated energy system generally needs to optimize the allocation of each unit and structural resources of the system according to the real-time load data of the system to optimize the operation. However, the existing technology for system load forecasting is not accurate enough, resulting in the energy efficiency coefficient is still relatively low after system optimization. On this basis, this paper proposes an integrated energy system energy efficiency optimization technology based on digital twin technology. According to the actual situation of the system, the mathematical model is established. The equivalent analysis of the system is carried out, the digital twin technology is used to forecast the system load in real time, and constraint conditions and the objective function are constructed The optimal energy efficiency optimization strategy is obtained by rolling optimization. The experiment proves that the system energy efficiency coefficient is higher after the application of the design technology.
Simulation research on large capacity power supply technology suitable for distribution transformer short-circuit withstand capability test
Authors: Gu LingYun , Wu Yan , Yin Hui , Chen Jie , Zhou FeiYan , Bai XueFeng , Bai ZhiXin
Published: December 2022

The existing transformer short-circuit test equipment and technology have several limitations. The purpose of short-circuit test is to simulate the test of high-voltage equipment under the short-circuit fault condition of the power system, usually, a large capacity test such as transformer burst short-circuit test, circuit breaker dynamic heat stability test, to verify the reliability and stability of related equipment under extreme working conditions. At present, the large capacity test generally uses methods of power grid dedicated line power supply and short-circuit testing alternator group. However, these two methods have difficulties in construction approval, high investment costs, complex site requirements, a large impact on the power grid, and low control accuracy. Theoretical studies on equivalent simulation verification method of short-circuit withstand capability test of distribution transformer demonstrated the feasibility of using modern power electronics and advanced energy storage technology to replace conventional power grid dedicated line power supply, short-circuit testing alternator and other short-circuit impact test equipment. It could complete the transformer short-circuit impact test specified by (IEC60076-5) with lower cost and higher efficiency, verify the short-circuit impact resistance of the transformer, and improve the test capacity.
Application research of large-screen visualization technology based on improved k-means in power grid system
Authors: Shi Jinping , Wan Xiang , Gou Yi , Huang Yuan , Fan Yana , Huang Xing
Published: December 2022

With the advent of the era of smart power, the scale of power systems continues to expand, and a large amount of data generated during power operation cannot be analyzed and shared on time. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes an improved K-means clustering algorithm, and it performs cluster analysis on a large amount of data generated by the power grid. And a large-screen visualization real-time monitoring platform has been established, and the real-time operating status of the distribution network can be obtained through the cluster analysis of a large amount of data. The results show that the improved K-means algorithm in this paper has a better clustering effect. The real-time large screen visual monitoring platform can effectively monitor, warn and control the running state of the power grid. The visualization technology effectively improves the efficiency of real-time monitoring and safety control of the power system.
A fellow-following-principle based group model and its application to fish school analysis
Authors: Zhou Ziye , Liu Jincun , Pan Jie , Wang Jian , Yu Junzhi
Published: December 2022

Group models based on simple rules are viewed as a bridge to clarifying animal group movements. The more similar a model to real-world observations, the closer it is to the essence of such movements. Inspired by the fish school, this study suggests a principle called fellow-following for group movements. More specifically, a simple-rules-based model was proposed and extended into a set of concrete rules, and two- and three-dimensional group models were established. The model results are intuitively similar to the fish school, and when the group size increases, the milling phase of both the model and fish school tends from unstable to stable. Further, we proposed a novel order parameter and a similarity measurement framework for group structures. The proposed model indicates the intuition similarity, consistency of dynamic characteristics, and static structure similarity with fish schools, which suggests that the principle of fellow-following may reveal the essence of fish school movements. Our work suggests a different approach for the self-organized formation of a swarm robotic system based on local information.
The costs of Arctic infrastructure damages due to permafrost degradation
Authors: Streletskiy Dmitry A , Clemens Sonia , Lanckman Jean-Pierre , Shiklomanov Nikolay I
Published: December 2022

Climate change has adverse impacts on Arctic natural ecosystems and threatens northern communities by disrupting subsistence practices, limiting accessibility, and putting built infrastructure at risk. In this paper, we analyze spatial patterns of permafrost degradation and associated risks to built infrastructure due to loss of bearing capacity and thaw subsidence in permafrost regions of the Arctic. Using a subset of three Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 models under SSP245 and 585 scenarios we estimated changes in permafrost bearing capacity and ground subsidence between two reference decades: 2015–2024 and 2055–2064. Using publicly available infrastructure databases we identified roads, railways, airport runways, and buildings at risk of permafrost degradation and estimated country-specific costs associated with damage to infrastructure. The results show that under the SSP245 scenario 29% of roads, 23% of railroads, and 11% of buildings will be affected by permafrost degradation, costing $182 billion to the Arctic states by mid-century. Under the SSP585 scenario, 44% of roads, 34% of railroads, and 17% of buildings will be affected with estimated cost of $276 billion, with airport runways adding an additional $0.5 billion. Russia is expected to have the highest burden of costs, ranging from $115 to $169 billion depending on the scenario. Limiting global greenhouse gas emissions has the potential to significantly decrease the costs of projected damages in Arctic countries, especially in Russia. The approach presented in this study underscores the substantial impacts of climate change on infrastructure and can assist to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies in Arctic states.
The diversity of the Polypodiaceae in University green space
Authors: Susilowati A , Ginting I M , Rachmat H H , Elfiati D , Sucipto T , Nadeak H
Published: December 2022

Polypodiaceae is one of the fern families by the highest number species and plays an important role in the ecosystem. The polypodiaceae family is also known for its pharmacological properties. The University of Sumatera Utara campus, as one of green spaces in Medan, has a various variety of plants from undergrowth to higher plants. However, no information on the diversity of Polypodiaceae epiphytic species on the USU campus has not been recorded. The aim of the research is to identify and evaluate the diversity of Polypodiaceae species on the USU campus. For those purpose an inventory method in all green spaces on the USU campus. Species identification was accomplished by morphological identification of founded epiphytes. The relative density and dominance values have been used to calculate species diversity (H'). The study revealed the presence of 6 (six) Polypodiaceae epiphytic species on the USU campus, namely Microsorum diversifolium, Microsorum pustulatum, Pyrrosia piloselloides, Phymatosorus scolopendria, Pyrrosia eleagnifolia and Pyrrosia lanceolate. The highest diversity index was found in Pyrossia piloselloides with an H' value of 0.345 and the lowest diversity was found in Microsorum pustulatum with an H' value of 0.001.
Evaluation on the growth pattern and biological conditions of Sembilang (Plotosus canius) in East Aceh
Authors: Samad A P A , Jamil M , Gustiana C , Anzitha S , Mahyuddin T , Baihaqi B
Published: December 2022

Sembilang (Plotosus canius) is a delicious and nutritious fish that belongs to the family of Plotosidae and has great demand in coastal communities. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the data on growth patterns, morphometric and meristic measurements, and feeding habits of sembilang in the East Aceh mangrove area. The data collection included growth patterns, fish and fin length, and body width, and then the meristic measurements were carried out by counting the number of fin rays. The results showed that the length and weight of the fish ranged from 22-43 cm and 86-296 gr, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient r is 0.986 and the regression equation is W = 0.024L2.410. Its main diet is shrimp, with an IP rate of 47%, and they also consume feeds such as worms, small fish, crabs, and pieces of leaves. In conclusion, the growth pattern of sembilang (Plotosus canius) in the East Aceh mangrove area was negative allometric.
Feed management and health condition of Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Conservation Response Unit (CRU), Tangkahan, Langkat, North Sumatra
Authors: Berliani K , Patana P , Azmi W
Published: December 2022

The present study investigates the feeding management and health condition of elephants through a descriptive and field observation approach by interviewing the mahouts and clinical workers in Tangkahan CRU, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The ex-situ conservation unit promoted two feeding strategies namely the natural or grazing activity in the forest and additional feed (food stocks) collected or purchased by the workers in the form of coconut fronds, elephant grasses, bananas, watermelons, and etc. In addition to the collected fruits or crops, the CRU workers also prepared concentrates or pudding made from a mixture of palatable crops including rice, sticky rice, green beans, sugars to increase the food supply for the elephants. The clinical workers in the form of Vesswic is a team of veterinarians, paramedics and administrative personnel who focus on animal health including the Sumatran elephants. The Tangkahan CRU was then proven to promote the welfare of elephants through a series of effective feeding and health management.
Identification of gastrointestinal endoparasites in sheep (Ovis sp.) at various ages in Arjuna Farm, North Sumatra
Authors: Napitupulu S M S , Tanjung M
Published: December 2022

Gastrointestinal endoparasite is an infection that causes a decrease in the productivity level of sheep so that it detriments to the farmers. The purpose of this study was to compare the type, the prevalence and the intensity of endoparasites in each age group. Samples were taken as many as 7 fresh feces from each group of lamb, virgin, and adult from a total of 21 sheeps. Fecal samples were examined and prepared using the E.P.M Mc Master Protocol while endoparasites were identified under microscopical examination. The results showed 5 species of gastrointestinal endoparasites, i.e Eimeria sp., Dicrocoelium sp., Haemonchus sp., Strongyloides sp., and Capillaria sp. Eimeria sp. showed a prevalence of 85.7% in commonly category and intensity of 2216.6 or super infection category. Haemonchus sp. had a prevalence of 85% (common), an intensity of 671.4 (very severe), and the Strongyloides sp. had a prevalence of 85% (common) and an intensity of 200 (very severe). The lambs were found to be infected by Eimeria sp. with a prevalence of 100% (common) and an intensity of 2871.4 (super infection). Haemonchus sp. had a prevalence of 100% (common) and an intensity of 1200 (super infection), Strongyloides sp. had a prevalence of 71% (usual) and an intensity of 860 (very severe) and the Dicrocoelium sp. had a prevalence of 14% (often) and an intensity of 400 (very severe). The adult sheeps were found to had Eimeria sp. with a prevalence of 100% (common) and an intensity of 371.4 (very severe). The Haemonchus sp. had a prevalence of 14% (often) and an intensity of 200 (very severe). Strongyloides sp. had a prevalence of 57% (frequent) and an intensity of 200 (very severe) and the Capillaria sp. had a prevalence of 14% (often) and an intensity of 100 (severe). The prevalence and intensity of endoparasites in sheeps at Arjuna Farm was classified as very high.
Optimization of green open space in Ambon City
Authors: Selanno F M , Sitanala M R , Santoso P , Arinah H
Published: December 2022

The increase in population in Ambon City has resulted in increased space requirements and impacts the conversion of green areas into built-up areas. This indirectly impacts the decline in environmental quality, marked by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the air. The Green Open Space (GOS) arrangement program involves efforts to reduce GHG emissions in Ambon City. However, in reality, the allocation of space to develop green open space in Ambon City still does not meet the 30% standard or is still lacking 737.8 ha. This study aims to obtain information about the arrangement of green open spaces in Ambon City. The interview method was conducted in a structured manner with a questionnaire. SWOT analysis was used to analyze internal factors and external factors. The results showed that the critical strategies in optimizing Ambon City's green open space were to improve the quality of green open space by planting plants that have high GHG emissions absorption potentials, such as Samanea saman, Pterocarpus indicus, and Acacia mangium. Conduct harmonization and socialization with other institutions such as the Ambon City Satpol PP and green open space users to increase the supervision of green open space. Using the basic green coefficient as the primary condition for obtaining a Building Permit (IMB). The present study recommended that future research on green open spaces in Ambon City should focus on other influencing elements including geography, climate, socio-culture, and so on.
Identification of ornamental plant species in the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve, North Sumatra
Authors: Rambey R , Permana J
Published: December 2022

Indonesia has a fairly high biodiversity, both flora and fauna. One of the biodiversity in Indonesia is various species of ornamental plants found in the wild. One of the locations that has a diversity of ornamental plant species is the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of ornamental plants found in the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve. The method used in this research is the roaming method, namely by exploring the Martelu Purba nature reserve and then noting the species of plants that have the potential to be ornamental. The results obtained indicate that there are 19 species of ornamental plants at that location. The species of ornamental plants include the family Araceae, Orchidaceae and species of ferns. There are plants that live Epiphyte and several other species grow terrestrially.
Effect of gamma iradiated seeds of Jabon Merah (Neolamarckia macrophylla (Wall.) Bosser) to genetic diversity
Authors: Larekeng S H , Qalbi N , Rachmat A , Iswanto I , Restu M
Published: December 2022

Jabon merah (Neolamarckia macrophylla (Wall.) as one of the potential industrial forest plantations to meet the need for wood that has a moderate level of genetic diversity. This study aims to analyze the morphological and genetic characters and analyze the stability of genes in explants from red jabon seeds induced by gamma rays at doses of 0 gray, 5 gray, 10 gray, 15 gray, 30 gray, 45 gray and 60 gray, 75 gray, 90 gray, 120 gray and 240 gray. The induced seeds were cultured in vitro. The subculture was started with an initialization on MS0 medium and repeatedly cultured. Finally, the LD50 value was determined using curve fit analysis, explant morphological analysis with SPSS, genetic analysis of explants using RAPD markers and SSR/Microsatellite. The DNA analysis with 9 SSR/Microsatellite and RAPD marker primers showed that most of the induction doses produced more fragments than the control.
Identification of Araceae in Pondok Buluh Training Forest, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Manurung H , Hasibuan M , Rambey R
Published: December 2022

The Pondok Buluh Training Forest is located in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, which has a fairly high diversity of flora, one of which is a plant from the Araceae family. Araceae is a family of taro that has potential for ornamental plants, medicinal plants, food and animal feed, therefore it is important to conduct research on Araceae species in this location to determine the diversity and potential of Araceae. From the results of the research, it was found that there were 13 species of Araceae which were included in 6 genera, namely Aglaonema, Alocasia, Diffenbachia, Homalomena, Schismatoglottis and Syngonium. The species are Aglaonema crispum, Alocasia arifolia, Alocasia sp., Alocasia longiloba, Alocasia sanderiana, Alocasia scabriuscula, Dieffenbachia seguine, Diffenbachia amoena, Homalomena cordata schott, Homalomena pendula, Homalomena rubescens, Schismatoglottis calyptrata, and Syngonium podophyllum. The potential of Araceae plants is as a medicinal plant, ornamental plant, vegetable pesticide and animal feed.
Phylogenetic analysis of Shorea Genus in University of North Sumatra Campus, Indonesia, based on matK genes
Authors: Rangkuti A B , Irmayanti L , Harahap S S H
Published: December 2022

Shorea is one of the genera in the Dipterocarpacea family with a very large number of species. Shorea tree species have high economic and ecological value. Currently more than 100 species of Shorea are in the endangered category. Taxonomic aspects as well as information on biological characteristics are one of the important bases of species conservation or restoration activities. The University of North Sumatra campus is one of the green open spaces that can be used as an ex-situ conservation location. This study aims to determine the types of trees of the Shorea genus on the North Sumatra University campus and their kinship based on phylogenetic analysis. It is necessary to identify the Shorea species on the USU campus using the current taxonomic method using phylogeny analysis. Sequences of the identified Shorea species were collected from the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) web, then edited the data and constructed a phylogenetic tree using Meng X.1. In this study found 4 types of Shorea, namely Shorea parvifolia (Meranti Sarang Punai), Shorea laevis (Bangkirai), Shorea macrophylla (Tengkawang Tungkul) and Shorea leprosula. Shorea leprosula species are separated from other Shorea groups. This indicates that Shorea leprosula is closely related to other Shorea. Meanwhile, Shorea macrophylla and Shorea parvifolia are closely related because they are in one cluster, with a boostrap value of 85%.
Bioinformatics analyses of embryoid genes in oil palm tissue culture (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Astari R P , Basyuni M , Siregar L A P , Damanik R I M
Published: December 2022

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensisJacq.) is a beneficial tropical crop that produces oil vegetables, those needs continue to increase. Clone planting on a large scale is one of the possibilities to increase oil palm production. Identification of genotype oil palm embryoid can optimize the efficiency of the culture process. Twenty-six projected embryoid genes with code amino acid from 850 to 936 bp from oil palm tissue culture were collected from the NCBI database. This study clarified the variation and role of physicochemical characteristic, possible peptide transfer and subcellular localization of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensisJacq.) embryoid genes. The similarity of genes in embryoids on phylogenetic trees showed the potential to detect the role of specific embryoid genes to help the breeders optimize cloning processes.
Etlingera elatior extract inhibits early developmental stage of Fasciola gigantica egg in vitro
Authors: Wulandari A R , Nurlaelasari A , Prasetyo D , Pawestri W , Nuraini D M , Cahyadi M , Hamid P H
Published: December 2022

The use of plants as natural anthelmintic is quite promising for parasite control. In this report, we evaluate the activity ofEtlingera elatiortoFasciola giganticaeggsin vitro. The eggs were collected from naturally-infected bovine in the Ampel Abbatoir, Boyolali, Central Java. The eggs were exposed toE. elatiorethanolic extract in different concentrations i.e., 5%, 2.5% and 1.25%. Fluconix 340 in the equal concentrations was positive control of anthelmintic and distilled water served as negative treatment. The eggs were placed in the dark until 9 days and observed under the light microscope on days 5 and 9. The results showed thatE. elatiorin the concentration of 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% significantly inhibited the initial development ofF. giganticacompared to the negative control (water) on days 5 and 9 treatments (P<0.05). TheE. elatioreffectively inhibits morulation and larva formation. Fluconix 340 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% were possessing higher ovicidal activities compared toE. elatiorsince day 5 of treatment.E. elatiorshowed effective inhibition to the initial development ofF. giganticaeggin vitro.
The effect of extraction methods towards antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Herbs
Authors: Dalimunthe A , Pertiwi D , Muhmmad M , Kaban V E , Nasri N , Satria D
Published: December 2022

Antioxidants are molecules that can inhibit or prevent the oxidation reactions of other molecules that generate free radicals. Antioxidants can be synthesized in the body (endogenous) or obtained from food intake (exogenous). Modern pharmacological investigations show that the extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Herbs. Effective as an antioxidant because of the high content of flavonoids and phenols. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant activity, total phenol content and total flavonoid content in ethanol extract (EE). The powder was extracted by Soxhletation, percolation and reflux method with absolute ethanol. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), FRAP, ABTS and CUPRAC. Total phenol content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and total flavonoid content was measured using AlCl3 reagent using colorimetric method. The best antioxidant activity and the highest total phenolic content were indicated by the soxhlet extraction method with IC50 23.52 ± 0.17 g/mL and 160.77 ± 0.95 mg GAE/g, and the highest total flavonoid content was indicated by the reflux method (1.08 ± 0. 02 mg QE/g). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Herbs Lour with reflux extraction method can be further developed as an antioxidant.
The use of oil palm fruits waste brickets and manure in relationship as groundwater resistance materials to increase plant growth in critical land
Authors: Utomo B , Prasetyo A , Alfin M N , Dalimunthe A , Tamba P
Published: December 2022

The catchment area of Lake Toba geologically has soil properties that are sensitive to erosion because the land is hilly or mountainous with very steep slopes, very shallow soil solum (< 30 cm) to shallow (30-60 cm). Even though the level of rainfall in this area is quite high, the slope of the land causes the soil to easily lose ground water by the earth's gravity. Similarly, the level of erodibility is also high. The purpose of this research is to take advantage of the high potential of oil palm bunches waste which allows it to be used as a water retaining material compared to manure. To facilitate transportation, these two types of organic water retaining materials are used as briquettes. The study was structured using a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK). Where each type of organic matter used 6 treatments with 6 replications, namely without using briquettes (P0) Doses of 0.25 kg, 0.50 kg, 0.75 kg, 1.00 kg and 1.25 kg, with 6 replications. The results shows that the waste briquettes of oil palm fruit bunches have the ability to hold water and increase the growth of Macadamia integrifolia plants which is the same as the ability to use manure.
Analysis of methyl compounds variation in the crude Pongamia pinnata oil from Banten, West Java and North Java populations
Authors: Jayusman  , Hakim L , Dalimunthe A , Yuskianti V
Published: December 2022

Identification of methyl compounds from crude oil is an important baseline provenance to support the development of renewable bioenergy resources in Indonesia. Pongamia pinnata, known as Malapari, has great potential to be an alternative to renewable bioenergy resources and an environmentally friendly substitute for fossil fuels. Our analysis of four provenances of crude Pongamia oil has identified eight (8) methyl compounds with a relative value of >1%, i.e. palmitoleate, lenoleate, eicostrienoic, erucate, docosadienoic, nervonate, eicosapentaenoate and arachidate. The value of the individual methyl compounds varied in each provenance. The unsaturated fatty acid content of Pongamia crude was higher and needs to be balanced to maintain the physical properties of Pongamia biodiesel. In addition, the quality of the tested Pongamia crude oil from all provenances that show high acidity and water content in the crude oil but exceed the standard for biodiesel (SNI 04-7182-2006) shows a need for improvement advanced process. The variations of the methyl compounds found in each provenance can be used as a selection basis for the development of products in the pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors.