bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large bandwidth and high-efficiency plasmonic quarter-wave plate
Authors: Cheng Bo , Wang Lei , Zou Yuxiao , Lv Longfeng , Li Chuanchuan , Xu Yun , Song Guofeng
Published: May 2021

A large bandwidth and high-efficiency subwavelength quarter-wave plate (QWP) is an indispensable component of an integrated miniaturized optical system. The bandwidth of existing plasmonic quarter-wave plates with a transmission efficiency of more than 50% is less than 320 nm in the near-infrared band. In this paper, a metallic quarter-wave plate with a bandwidth of 600 nm (0.95–1.55 µm) and an average transmittance of more than 70% has been designed and shows excellent potential to be used in miniaturized optical polarization detection systems and as an optical data storage device. For TE mode incident waves, this miniaturized optical element can be equivalent to a Fabry-Pérot (FP) resonator. Meanwhile, for the TM mode incident wave, the transmission characteristics of this structure are controlled by gap surface plasmon polaritons (G-SPPs) existing in the symmetric metal/insulator/metal (MIM) configuration.
Transcending conventional snapshot polarimeter performance via neuromorphically adaptive filters
Authors: Song Jiawei , Abay Rasit , Tyo J. Scott , Alenin Andrey S.
Published: May 2021

A channeled Stokes polarimeter that recovers polarimetric signatures across the scene from the modulation induced channels is preferrable for many polarimetric sensing applications. Conventional channeled systems that isolate the intended channels with low-pass filters are sensitive to channel crosstalk effects, and the filters have to be optimized based on the bandwidth profile of scene of interest before applying to each particular scenes to be measured. Here, we introduce a machine learning based channel filtering framework for channeled polarimeters. The machines are trained to predict anti-aliasing filters according to the distribution of the measured data adaptively. A conventional snapshot Stokes polarimeter is simulated to present our machine learning based channel filtering framework. Finally, we demonstrate the advantage of our filtering framework through the comparison of reconstructed polarimetric images with the conventional image reconstruction procedure.
Multimodal nonlinear-optical imaging of nucleoli
Authors: Pochechuev M. S. , Lanin A. A. , Kelmanson I. V. , Chebotarev A. S. , Fetisova E. S. , Bilan D. S. , Shevchenko E. K. , Ivanov A. A. , Fedotov A. B. , Belousov V. V. , Zheltikov A. M.
Published: May 2021

Multimodal nonlinear microscopy combining third-harmonic generation (THG) with two- and three-photon-excited fluorescence (2PEF and 3PEF) is shown to provide a powerful resource for high-fidelity imaging of nucleoli and nucleolar proteins. We demonstrate that, with a suitably tailored genetically encoded fluorescent stain, the 2PEF/3PEF readout from specific nucleolar proteins can be reliably detected against the extranucleolar 2PEF/3PEF signal, enabling high-contrast imaging of the key nucleolar ribosome biogenesis components, such as fibrillarin. THG is shown to provide a versatile readout for unstained nucleolus imaging in a vast class of biological systems as different as neurons in brain slices and cultured HeLa cells.
Dynamic control of reflective/diffusive optical surfaces on EGaIn liquid metal
Authors: Nakakubo Keisuke , Yoshioka Hiroaki , Morita Kinichi , Ishimatsu Ryoichi , Kiani Abolfazl , Hallen Hans , Dickey Michael D. , Oki Yuji
Published: May 2021

We report a method to dynamically control the surface of gallium-based liquid metal to switch between reflective/diffusive states by removing/depositing oxide films via electrochemical redox reactions. Electrochemical oxidation deposits rough surface oxides that are optically diffusive. Electrochemical reduction returns the metal to a pristine, smooth, and reflective state. This switching is achieved using only ±1.4V. In addition, a meniscus of liquid metal can be pumped to switch between concave/convex shapes. This work expands the range of optical applications of dynamic liquid metal surfaces.
COVID-19 diagnosis from CT scans and chest X-ray images using low-cost Raspberry Pi
Authors: Hosny Khalid M. , Darwish Mohamed M. , Li Kenli , Salah Ahmad
Published: May 2021

The diagnosis of COVID-19 is of vital demand. Several studies have been conducted to decide whether the chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans of patients indicate COVID-19. While these efforts resulted in successful classification systems, the design of a portable and cost-effective COVID-19 diagnosis system has not been addressed yet. The memory requirements of the current state-of-the-art COVID-19 diagnosis systems are not suitable for embedded systems due to the required large memory size of these systems (e.g., hundreds of megabytes). Thus, the current work is motivated to design a similar system with minimal memory requirements. In this paper, we propose a diagnosis system using a Raspberry Pi Linux embedded system. First, local features are extracted using local binary pattern (LBP) algorithm. Second, the global features are extracted from the chest X-ray or CT scans using multi-channel fractional-order Legendre-Fourier moments (MFrLFMs). Finally, the most significant features (local and global) are selected. The proposed system steps are integrated to fit the low computational and memory capacities of the embedded system. The proposed method has the smallest computational and memory resources,less than the state-of-the-art methods by two to three orders of magnitude, among existing state-of-the-art deep learning (DL)-based methods.
In-cell western assay as a high-throughput approach for Chlamydia trachomatis quantification and susceptibility testing to antimicrobials
Authors: Filardo Simone , Di Pietro Marisa , Pasqualetti Patrizio , Manera Martina , Diaco Fabiana , Sessa Rosa
Published: May 2021

Chlamydia trachomatis, the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases in developed countries, with around 127 million new cases per year, is mainly responsible for urethritis and cervicitis in women, and urethritis and epididymitis in men. Most C. trachomatis infections remain asymptomatic (>50%) and, hence, untreated, leading to severe reproductive complications in both women and men, like infertility. Therefore, the detection of C. trachomatis as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility testing becomes a priority, and, along the years, several methods have been recommended, like cell culture and direct immunofluorescence (DFA) on cell cultures. Herein, we described the application of In-Cell Western assay (ICW) via Odyssey CLx as a fast, more accessible, and high-throughput platform for the quantification of C. trachomatis and the screening of anti-chlamydial drugs. As a first step, we set up a standard curve by infecting cell monolayers with 2-fold serial dilutions of C. trachomatis Elementary Body (EB) suspension. Then, different unknown C. trachomatis EB suspensions were quantified and the chlamydial susceptibility testing to erythromycin was performed, using the DFA as comparison. Our results showed a very high concordance between these two assays, as evidenced by the enumeration of chlamydial IFUs as well as the determination of erythromycin Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). In conclusion, the ICW assay may be a promising candidate as an accurate and accessible methodology for C. trachomatis antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Rare functional genetic variants in COL7A1, COL6A5, COL1A2 and COL5A2 frequently occur in Chiari Malformation Type 1
Authors: Urbizu Aintzane , Garrett Melanie E. , Soldano Karen , Drechsel Oliver , Loth Dorothy , Marcé-Grau Anna , Mestres i Soler Olga , Poca Maria A. , Ossowski Stephan , Macaya Alfons , Loth Francis , Labuda Rick , Ashley-Koch Allison
Published: May 2021

Chiari Malformation Type 1 (CM-1) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum and the presence of headaches and other neurologic symptoms. Cranial bone constriction is suspected to be the most common biologic mechanism leading to CM-1. However, other mechanisms may also contribute, particularly in the presence of connective tissue disorders (CTDs), such as Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS). Accumulating data suggest CM-1 with connective tissue disorders (CTD+) may have a different patho-mechanism and different genetic risk factors than CM-1 without CTDs (CTD-). To identify CM-1 genetic risk variants, we performed whole exome sequencing on a single large, multiplex family from Spain and targeted sequencing on a cohort of 186 unrelated adult, Caucasian females with CM-1. Targeted sequencing captured the coding regions of 21 CM-1 and EDS candidate genes, including two genes identified in the Spanish family. Using gene burden analysis, we compared the frequency of rare, functional variants detected in CM-1 cases versus publically available ethnically-matched controls from gnomAD. A secondary analysis compared the presence of rare variants in these genes between CTD+ and CTD- CM-1 cases. In the Spanish family, rare variants co-segregated with CM-1 in COL6A5, ADGRB3 and DST. A variant in COL7A1 was present in affected and unaffected family members. In the targeted sequencing analysis, rare variants in six genes (COL7A1, COL5A2, COL6A5, COL1A2, VEGFB, FLT1) were significantly more frequent in CM-1 cases compared to public controls. In total, 47% of CM-1 cases presented with rare variants in at least one of the four significant collagen genes and 10% of cases harbored variants in multiple significant collagen genes. Moreover, 26% of CM-1 cases presented with rare variants in the COL6A5 gene. We also identified two genes (COL7A1, COL3A1) for which the burden of rare variants differed significantly between CTD+ and CTD- CM-1 cases. A higher percentage of CTD+ patients had variants in COL7A1 compared to CTD+ patients, while CTD+ patients had fewer rare variants in COL3A1 than did CTD- patients. In summary, rare variants in several collagen genes are particularly frequent in CM-1 cases and those in COL6A5 co-segregated with CM-1 in a Spanish multiplex family. COL6A5 has been previously associated with musculoskeletal phenotypes, but this is the first association with CM-1. Our findings underscore the contribution of rare genetic variants in collagen genes to CM-1, and suggest that CM-1 in the presence and absence of CTD symptoms is driven by different genes.
The diagnostic predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in thyroid cancer adjusted for tumor size
Authors: Cheong Taek Yoon , Hong Sang Duk , Jung Keun-Woo , So Yoon Kyoung
Published: May 2021

The role of systemic inflammation has not been clearly defined in thyroid cancers. There have been conflicting reports on whether systemic inflammatory markers have predictive value for thyroid cancers. We aimed to evaluate the association between systemic inflammatory markers and clinicopathological factors in thyroid cancers and to assess their predictive value for thyroid cancers in detail. Five hundred thirty-one patients who underwent surgery for thyroid nodules were included. The patient population consisted of 99 individuals (18.6%) with benign thyroid nodules and 432 individuals (81.4%) with thyroid cancers. In 432 patients with thyroid cancers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in the cases with tumors greater than 2 cm than in those with tumors less than 2 cm. (p= 0.027). NLR and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significantly higher in cases with lateral lymph node metastasis (LNM) than in those without LNM (p= 0.007 and 0.090, respectively). The nodule size was significantly higher in benign thyroid nodules than in thyroid cancers (p< 0.001). When the cases were stratified by tumor size, NLR was a significant predictor of thyroid cancers in cases with nodules greater than 2 cm (Exp(B) = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.15–2.97,p= 0.011), but not in those with nodules less than 2 cm. In thyroid cancers, preoperative NLR was associated with pathological prognosticators such as tumor size and lateral lymph node metastasis. When the size difference between thyroid cancers and benign thyroid nodules was adjusted, NLR could be a significant predictor of thyroid cancers.
Intangible features extraction in the processing of abstract concepts: Evidence from picture-word priming
Authors: Lakhzoum Dounia , Izaute Marie , Ferrand Ludovic
Published: May 2021

Over the last decade, hypotheses ranging from linguistic symbol processing to embodiment have been formulated to account for the content and mechanisms responsible for the representation of abstract concepts. Results of recent studies have suggested that abstract concepts, just like concrete ones, can benefit from knowledge of real-world situational context, but that they can also be processed based on abstract pictures devoid of such situational features. This paper presents two semantic priming experiments to explore such mechanisms further. The first experiment replicates Kuipers, Jones, and Thierry (2018) in a cross-linguistic setting which shows that abstract concepts can be processed from abstract pictures devoid of tangible features. In the second experiment, we studied extraction mechanisms that come into play when participants are presented with abstract and concrete pictures that provide situational information to illustrate target abstract concepts. We expected this facilitatory effect to be limited to concrete picture primes. Our data analysed with both Bayesian and Frequentist tests showed however that even when presented with tangible situational information, the extraction of features still occurred for abstract pictures. We discuss the implications of this with respect to future avenues for studying the processing of abstract concepts.
Effects of Gasterophilus pecorum infestation on the intestinal microbiota of the rewilded Przewalski’s horses in China
Authors: Hu Dini , Chao Yuzhu , Zhang Boru , Wang Chen , Qi Yingjie , Ente Make , Zhang Dong , Li Kai , Mok Kai Meng
Published: May 2021

Horse botflies have been a threat to the Przewalski’s horses in the Kalamaili Nature Reserve in Xinjiang of China since their reintroduction to the original range. As larvae of these parasites could infest the intestine of a horse for months, they could interact with and alter the structure and composition of its intestinal microbiota, affecting adversely its health. Nonetheless, there are no such studies on the rewilded Przewalski’s horses yet. For the first time, this study characterizes the composition of the intestinal microbiota of 7 rewilded Przewalski’s horses infected severely byGasterophilus pecorumfollowing and prior to their anthelmintic treatment. Bioinformatics analyses of the sequence data obtained by amplicon high throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed thatG.pecoruminfestation significantly increased the richness of the intestinal microbial community but not its diversity.FirmicutesandBacteroideteswere found the dominant phyla as in other animals, and the parasitic infestation decreased the F/B ratio largely by over 50%. Large reduction in relative abundances of the two generaStreptococcusandLactobacillusobserved withG.pecoruminfestation suggested possible changes in colic and digestion related conditions of the infected horses. Variations on the relative abundance of the genus groups known to be pathogenic or symbiotic showed that adverse impact of theG.pecoruminfestation could be associated with reduction of the symbiotic generaLactobacillusandBifidobacteriumthat are probiotics and able to promote immunity against parasitic infection.
Antimicrobial activities of Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from stingless bee products against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Baharudin Mohamad Malik Al-adil , Ngalimat Mohamad Syazwan , Mohd Shariff Fairolniza , Balia Yusof Zetty Norhana , Karim Murni , Baharum Syarul Nataqain , Sabri Suriana
Published: May 2021

Infections caused by methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) have reached epidemic proportions globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a continuous supply of antibiotics to combat the problem. In this study, bacteria initially identified as species belonging to theBacillus amyloliquefaciensoperational group were re-identified based on the housekeeping gene,gyrB. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) from the strains were used for antimicrobial tests using the agar well diffusion assay against MRSA and various types of pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and physicochemical characteristics of the CFS were determined. Based ongyrBsequence analysis, five strains (PD9, B7, PU1, BP1 and L9) were identified asBacillus velezensis. The CFS of allB.velezensisstrains showed broad inhibitory activities against Gram-negative and -positive as well as MRSA strains. Strain PD9 against MRSA ATCC 33742 was chosen for further analysis as it showed the biggest zone of inhibition (21.0 ± 0.4 mm). The MIC and MBC values obtained were 125 μl/ml. The crude antimicrobial extract showed bactericidal activity and was stable at various temperatures (40–80°C), pH (4–12), surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, SDS and Triton X-100) and metal ions (MgCI2,NaCI2,ZnNO3and CuSO4) when tested. However, the crude extract was not stable when treated with proteinase K. All these properties resembled the characteristics of peptides. The antimicrobial compound from the selected strain was purified by using solvent extraction method and silica gel column chromatography. The purified compound was subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography which resulted in a single peak of the anti-MRSA compound being detected. The molecular weight of the anti-MRSA compound was determined by using SDS-PAGE and zymogram. The size of the purified antimicrobial peptide was approximately ~ 5 kDa. The antimicrobial peptide produced fromB.velezensisstrain PD9 is a promising alternative to combat the spread of MRSA infections in the future.
In vitro evaluation of the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus isolated from native swine manure
Authors: Tuyarum Chiraprapha , Songsang Aporn , Lertworapreecha Monthon
Published: May 2021

Background and Aim: Using antimicrobials as a feed additive in swine production is prohibited because it is a major cause of the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp. are an attractive alternative to reduce antimicrobial resistance and promote swine growth. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro probiotic properties of Lactobacillus isolated from indigenous swine manure.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 fecal samples from healthy individual indigenous pigs were collected and isolated on de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar. The preliminary screen identified candidates with antibacterial activity against six pathogens and >50% survival and tolerance to acid (pH 3.0) and 1% bile salt. Isolates that passed the initial screen will be tested for other probiotic properties.

Results: Of the 314 isolates from 30 pig manure samples, 17 isolates satisfied all initial conditions for probiotic properties. Each isolate has unique, distinctive properties. Isolates B4, B5, B8, B17, B87, and B144 formed thick biofilms, whereas isolates B5, B8, and 27 adhered well to the intestinal wall and exhibited strong autoaggregation properties. Isolate B4 aggregated with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Enteropathogenic E. coli. Tests in pH-adjusted cell-free medium indicated that the antibacterial activity resulted from bacterial acidification rather than bacteriocin formation. Sequence analysis (16S rRNA) revealed 16 of the isolates were Lactobacillus plantarum, and only one isolate was Lactobacillus salivarius.

Conclusion: We isolated 17 Lactobacillus from swine manure and demonstrated that their probiotic properties might be useful as a probiotic cocktail for swine feed.
ASPEK BIOLOGIS IKAN EKOR PEDANG (Xiphophorus hellerii HECKEL, 1848) DI CATUR DANAU BALI
Authors: Parawangsa I Nyoman Yoga , Tampubolon Prawira Atmaja Rintar Pandapotan , Pertami Nyoman Dati
Published: May 2021

Ikan ekor pedang (Xiphophorus hellerii) merupakan jenis ikan asing yang mendiami catur danau Bali (Danau Tamblingan, Danau Buyan, Danau Bratan dan Danau Batur). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan nisbah kelamin, pola pertumbuhan dan kondisi ikan ekor pedang di catur danau Bali. Nisbah kelamin ikan ekor pedang di keempat danau berada dalam keadaan tidak seimbang. Proporsi ikan jantan di Danau Tamblingan, Danau Beratan dan Danau Batur lebih banyak daripada ikan betina dan kondisi sebaliknya ditemukan di Danau Buyan. Pola pertumbuhan ikan jantan di catur danau Bali adalah alometrik negatif dan ikan betina menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan alometrik negatif di Danau Tamblingan dan Danau Beratan dan pola pertumbuhan isometrik di Danau Buyan dan Danau Batur. Spesies ikan ini berada dalam kondisi baik di catur danau Bali dengan nilai faktor kondisi berkisar antara 0,47–1,54 dengan rerata 0,92 untuk ikan jantan dan 0,43–2,94 dengan rerata 1,12 untuk ikan betina.
GLIKOBIOLOGI, GLIKANS DAN GLIKOPROTEIN BESERTA APLIKASINYA DALAM KESEHATAN
Authors: Santoso Adi
Published: May 2021

Glycobiology is a study of the structure, biosynthesis, glycosylation and biology of glycans that are widespread in nature. Through the process of glycosylation which is one of the most post-translational forms of protein modification, macromolecular structures that are as diverse as glycoproteins can be formed. In other words, glycosylation is one of the most common structural modifications used by biological systems to expand proteomic diversity. This makes glycosylation a very high prevalence, estimated at 50-70% of all proteins are glycoproteins. Glycosylation can affect proteolysis patterns, ligand-receptor interactions, oncogenic signal transduction, body immunity, cell adhesion and cell matrix. Because of the high level of structural variability that arises from the glycosylation process, many new strategies can be made using the uniqueness of this glycoprotein modification, especially in the pharmaceutical field. This includes modifications in protein engineering in the expression systems of yeast, plant cells and mammalian cells.
Morphometric Study of Mitral Valve in South Odisha - A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Padhy Niharika , Panda Madhusmita
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND The heart is a pair of valved muscular pumps combined in a single organ. For the proper functioning of the heart, all valves should be intact. Mitral valve (MV) prolapse and regurgitation is the main cause of MV replacement. The dimensions of mitral valve and the cusps vary from person to person. We wanted to measure the average size of the valve components with respect to the annulus in the cadavers of South Odisha region, which would help in the selection of prosthetic valve in cardiac surgery. METHODS This comparative study was carried out on 58 adult cadaveric human hearts. Left atrium was opened along the left border of heart so as to expose the mitral orifice. Parameters of different components ofthe valve were measured by using appropriate instruments. RESULTS The mean annular circumference of the mitral valve was found to be 8.84 ± 1.24 cm; The annular attachment and height of anterior cusp were 2.94 ± .81 cm and 2.55 ± 0.27 cm respectively. The annular attachment and height of posterior cusp were 4.52 ± 0.78 cm and 1.2 ± 0.17 respectively. The annular area was found to be 5.22 ± 1.13 cm2. The combined cusp area was found to be 9.38 ± 2.32 cm. CONCLUSIONS The size of mitral valve parameters in the South Odisha region were found to be less compared to other studies. This study might help cardio-thoracic surgeons as well as the prosthetic valve manufacturing companies for the rough estimation of the mitral valve size. KEY WORDS Mitral Valve, Anterior Cusp, Posterior Cusp, Annular Circumference, Annular Valve Area and Combined Cusp Area
Comparative Study of Attitude of Adolescents Studying in Junior Colleges of Rural and Urban Areas of Vijayapura towards Social Aspects of Life
Authors: Ukkali Sadashiva Basavantappa , Kulkarni Nagamani , A.N. Thobbi , Siddiqua Ayesha , Reddy Shruthi
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Adolescent period is that part of exciting period of life which marks the transition from being a dependent kid to an independent and responsible adult. It is recognised as a fascinating period that poses specific challenges and has a great impact on the physical, social and emotional behaviour in the family and society. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional survey of a total of 1000 adolescents, 16 - 18 years of age – 250 each from 4 PU colleges (2 urban + 2 rural) were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. Based on responses, their attitude towards social aspects of life were assessed, analysed and compared. RESULTS There were significant differences in attitude of adolescents residing in urban areas on various social aspects of life as compared to the adolescents residing in rural areas. Significant differences were observed in personality development traits like selfesteem and self-concept, shrewdness, tender mindedness, internal restraint and individual capacities. Risk taking behaviour was more common in urban adolescents and academic underachievement was more common in rural adolescents. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to home / college environment, safety at home / college, relationships with parents, siblings and friends, depression and social ideation. CONCLUSIONS We observed that rural and urban adolescents differed significantly in their attitude towards development of personality traits. Rural adolescents were academically underachievers because of poor facilities, less opportunities and lack of motivation. Urban adolescents exhibited high risk-taking behaviour compared to rural adolescents because of high peer-pressure, curiosity and more exposure to mass media. KEY WORDS Adolescent, Attitude, Rural, Urban, Social
Intelligence as a Predictor of Impulse Control among New Entrants Studying in B.Sc. Nursing Disciplines
Authors: Sarode Rupali Dhananjay , Tendolkar Vaishali Dinesh
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Students from various medical and paramedical disciplines require above average intelligence to understand all the medical subjects and concepts as it deals with human body and human life. Students of nursing discipline have huge responsibility of learning cognitive, affective domain and psychomotor skills simultaneously. It is also observed that impulse control (patience) is absolute virtue of health professional courses including nursing profession. Impulsivity always causes undesirable consequences. Nursing professional students are expected to possess good impulse control. We wanted to assess the level of intelligence, level of impulse control and relationship between intelligence and impulse control among new entrants studying nursing profession. METHODS In this descriptive study, a sample size of 100, 50 males and 50 females, first year students of B.Sc. nursing discipline were selected purposively from Nagpur and Wardha districts of Maharashtra, India. All the participants completed scales pertaining to impulse control and intelligence using impulse control scale developed by Shrivastava and Naydoo and Culture fair intelligence test by Cattle. RESULTS It shows that nursing boys significantly had more scores for intelligence (x̄ = 88.66) and for impulse control (x̄ = 206.62) than nursing girls (x̄ = 88.10), (x̄ = 196.80) respectively. There exists a statistically non-significant positive relationship between intelligence and impulse control for overall population (r = 0.153, P < 0.05). The findings suggest that higher the intelligence, greater is the impulse control among new entrants of nursing discipline. CONCLUSIONS Male students show more intelligence and had more impulse control as compared to nursing girls and also show greater magnitude of positive correlation as compared to their female counterparts. KEY WORDS Intelligence, Impulse Control, Relationship
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Information Booklet Regarding Self-Care among Patients Receiving Chemotherapy in Selected Hospitals of Wardha and Nagpur, India
Authors: Panbude Mahima Dipak , Paropate Mayuri Manikrao , Pande Mansi Vinod , Pal Priyanka Dayaram , Patil Chatur Kamlakar , Sharma Ranjana Premnath
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND The incidence rate for cancer reflects the number of new cases occurring in a specific population during a year, expressed as the number of cancer diagnosis per 10,000 people. Cancer is globally a major cause of death and morbidity and is currently witnessing an exponential increase in the number of malignancies. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding self-care among patients receiving chemotherapy, to evaluate the effectiveness of information booklet regarding selfcare among patients receiving chemotherapy and to find out the association between knowledge score regarding self-care among patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospitals. METHODS An experimental study was undertaken on 60 purposively selected patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospitals of Wardha and Nagpur district. One group pretest post-test research design was used in the study. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire during the month of December 2019. The duration of study was for 5 months from October 2019 to February 2020. RESULTS The findings of the study show that 33.33 % patients had average knowledge score, 61.67 % patients had good knowledge score and 5 % patients had very good knowledge score in pre-test. Minimum knowledge score was 8 in pre-test and maximum knowledge score was 23 in pre-test. Mean knowledge score in pre-test was 15.53 ± 2.98 and mean percentage of knowledge score in pre-test was 44.38 ± 8.52. 11.67 % of patients had good knowledge score, 81.67 % of patients had very good knowledge score and 6.67 % of patients had excellent knowledge score in post-test. Minimum knowledge score was 20 in post-test and maximum knowledge score was 30 in the post-test. Mean knowledge score in pre-test was 24.61 ± 2.53 and mean percentage of knowledge score in post-test was 70.33 ± 7.25. It indicates that information booklet is effective in improving knowledge of patients receiving chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving chemotherapy have average knowledge regarding chemotherapy self-care. After providing information booklet, there was a very significant increase in the knowledge. The combined ‘t’ test was assessed in all hospitals for value of pretest knowledge and post-test knowledge score. Thus, it is concluded that the booklet on chemotherapy self-care is effective in improving the knowledge of patients receiving chemotherapy. KEY WORDS Cancer, Chemotherapy, Effectiveness, Self-Care
Immature to Mature - A Predictable Outcome of Two Immature Incisors with 36 Months Follow-Up!
Authors: Padmawar Neeta Surendra , Mopagar Viddyasagar Prabhakar , Vadvadgi Vinay Hanumantrao , Joshi Sourabh Ramesh , Padubidri Meghna J.
Published: May 2021

Management of non-vital immature anterior permanent teeth in children remains a challenge in paediatric dentistry and endodontics. Once the tooth becomes non-vital, root development ceases, rendering the tooth weak, and unable to withstand physiological forces of mastication. This results in a high rate of root fracture with poor prognosis in the medium to long term. Despite being endodontically treated, over 50 % of such teeth will be lost in the first 10 years following trauma. Traditional endodontic treatment does not contribute to any quantitative or qualitative increase in root dimensions resulting in life-long oral disability. The advancement in the science of Endodontics - Regenerative Endodontics has revolutionized current treatment strategies in treating the immature non-vital permanent tooth which has overcome the drawbacks of traditional treatment approaches. This report provides an insight view on successful maturogenesis of immature non-vital permanent incisors by induction of intracanal bleeding along with complications endured during the process. Regenerative endodontics is defined as “biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures, including dentin and root structures, as well as cells of the pulp - dentin complex”.1 Continued root development and reestablishment of pulp - dentine complex can be achieved by these procedures. Two major concepts in the regenerative endodontics are guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and tissue engineering. The base of these procedures is stem cells which can differentiate into the desired tissue component, growth factors or other tissue - inducing mediators and scaffold.2 Regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) includes induction of intracanal bleeding, placement of platelet rich fibrin (PRF), and platelet rich plasma (PRP). The goals of these procedures were elimination of signs and symptoms, continued root development, apical healing, and positive response to vitality testing. But preparation of PRP and PRF requires withdrawal of blood and sight of syringe can add emotional stress to young patients. Revascularization may be defined as the invagination of undifferentiated periodontal cells from the apical region in immature teeth.3,4 The nature of tissue formed after revascularization is not certain and can be confirmed by histological evaluation. Presence of blood supply is reliable. Revascularization considers only one facet - nature of newly formed tissue thus making term revascularization inaccurate and thus many authors disagreed with this term.5
POLICY OF LIMITATION OF MARRIAGE MINIMUM AGE ON MARRIAGE LAW REVISION BASED ON SOCIOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Adawiyah Robiatul , Pudjirahayu Esmi Warassih
Published: May 2021

The policy of limitation of marriage minimum age is regulated by the government through the Marriage Law and have been revised. The struggle to determine the marriage minimum age has basically been debated for quite a long and time even each country determines these limits differently depending on problem needs and social realities that develop in the community. Therefore, this research is very important to do based on a sociological and anthropological approaches. The research purpose is to analisyst the minimum marriage age policy in the Marriage Law revision based on a sociological and anthropological approaches. The research method used socio-legal research. According to research, the minimum marriage age policy on the revision of the Marriage Law based on a sociological and anthropological approaches is not support the new norm and difficult to be effective and even cause a new impact, which is increasing marriage dispensation, depriving the right to continue marriage, and being criminogen factor.
Výzkum klimatu učitelského sboru: potenciál smíšené metodologie
Authors: Urbánek Petr , Picek Jan , Jursová Jitka , Rozkovcová Andrea , Picková Helena , Novotová Jitka
Published: May 2021

Klima učitelského sboru jako vlivná složka klimatu celé školní organizace je značně složitým a také koncepčně ne zcela jednoznačně ukotveným fenoménem. V důsledku toho se problematizují i možnosti jeho výzkumu. Klima učitelského sboru je jako kolektivní fenomén zpravidla zkoumáno kvantitativními přístupy dotazování. Vzhledem k subjektivní podstatě sledovaného jevu je dotazník vhodným výzkumným nástrojem pro zjišťování klimatu. Ukazuje se však, že kvantitativně uchopené výsledky nemohou podávat dostatečně plastický obraz natolik komplikovaného jevu. Kvalitativní metodologie zase neumožňuje širší zobecnění výzkumných nálezů.
Spojení kvantitativního a kvalitativního přístupu, které je označováno jako smíšený výzkum, má při zkoumání klimatu učitelského sboru vysoké výzkumné nároky. Vhodná kombinace obou přístupů však přináší kompaktnější data, hutnější výsledky a v důsledku má i vyšší interpretační potenciál. Může tak podat spolehlivější obraz klimatu učitelského sboru i školy. Cílem textu je s oporou o zkušenosti a výsledky z rozsáhlého tříletého výzkumného projektu analyzovat možnosti smíšené metodologie při výzkumu klimatu učitelského sboru základní školy. Šetření ukázalo, že data získaná oběma výzkumnými přístupy jsou ve shodě (resp. nejsou v nesouladu), mají výrazně komplementární povahu a významně obohacují interpretační možnosti zjištěných výzkumných dat.
Kvalita výuky odborných předmětů a její výzkum s využitím didaktických kazuistik
Authors: Pecina Pavel , Marinič Peter
Published: May 2021

Předložená empirická studie je věnována dosud málo zkoumané oblasti, a to využití didaktických kazuistik v rámci výzkumu kvality výuky odborných předmětů na středních školách. Cílem studie je vymezit specifika kvality výuky v podmínkách odborného technického vzdělávání a její zkoumání s využitím didaktických kazuistik. Dále potom prezentace hlavních zjištění didaktické kazuistiky realizované ve výuce odborného technického předmětu na střední odborné škole technické v Brně v roce 2019. Metody výzkumu: Ve výzkumu byl aplikován kvalitativní přístup s využitím případové studie – didaktické kazuistiky. Výsledky přinášejí informaci o možnosti zkoumání kvality výuky odborných předmětů s využitím didaktických kazuistik. Dále poskytují náhled do konkrétní výukové situace a jejího hodnocení. Závěry pomáhají vymezit a identifikovat zkoumání kvality výuky ve specifických podmínkách výuky odborných technických předmětů.
The Role of Data Analytics and Machine Learning in Resurrecting Inductive-Based Accounting Research
Authors: Gordon Lawrence A.
Published: May 2021

The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of data analytics (DA) and machine learning (ML) on accounting research.[1] As discussed in the paper, the inherent inductive nature of DA and ML is creating an important trend in the way accounting research is being conducted. That trend is the increasing utilization of inductive-based research among accounting researchers. Indeed, as a result of the recent developments with DA and ML, a rebalancing is taking place between inductive-based and deductive-based research in accounting.[2] In essence, we are witnessing the resurrection of inductive-based accounting research. A brief review of some empirical evidence to support the above argument is also provided in the paper.
Power prior for borrowing the real-world data in bioequivalence test with a parallel design
Authors: Huang Lei , Su Liwen , Zheng Yuling , Chen Yuanyuan , Yan Fangrong
Published: May 2021

Recently, real-world study has attracted wide attention for drug development. In bioequivalence study, the reference drug often has been marketed for many years and accumulated abundant real-world data. It is therefore appealing to incorporate these data in the design to improve trial efficiency. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian method to include real-world data of the reference drug in a current bioequivalence trial, with the aim to increase the power of analysis and reduce sample size for long half-life drugs. We adopt the power prior method for incorporating real-world data and use the average bioequivalence posterior probability to evaluate the bioequivalence between the test drug and the reference drug. Simulations were conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed method in different scenarios. The simulation results show that the proposed design has higher power than the traditional design without borrowing real-world data, while controlling the type I error. Moreover, the proposed method saves sample size and reduces costs for the trial.
Knowledge, attitude and perception of complementary and alternative system of medicine in Tamilnadu and Pudhucherry, South India
Authors: Shanmugam Poonguzhali , Vijayakumar Venugopal , Socrates Sadhana , Venkateswaran Sankaralingam Thirupathy , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Complementary and Alternate medicine (CAM) remains as the major source of healthcare for majority of the Indian population. This widespread resource needs to be strengthened, adequately trained and effectively utilized in the national health care delivery system for delivering an integrated and effective health care system.

Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted involving 200 adults in two different settings-a community setting (n=100), and a hospital setting (n=100). A semi-structured questionnaire was used.

Results

Both in the community and in the hospital, siddha (80%) was the most well-known system of medicine, followed by Yoga (72%) and Naturopathy in the study population. However, the knowledge about the various available CAM therapies still seemed to be limited.

Conclusions

Opinion on the integrated approach along with conventional medicine was welcoming. Still more awareness about these systems is required to facilitate integrative medicine in healthcare settings.
The middle-seed anomaly: why does it occur in some sports tournaments but not others?
Authors: Zimmerman Dale , Lim Hong Beng
Published: May 2021

Previously published statistical analyses of NCAA Division I Men’s Tournament (“March Madness”) game outcomes have revealed that the relationship between tournament seed and the time-aggregated number of third-round (“Sweet 16”) appearances for the middle half of the seeds exhibits a statistically and practically significant departure from monotonicity. In particular, the 8- and 9-seeds combined appear less often than any one of seeds 10–12. In this article, we show that a similar “middle-seed anomaly” also occurs in the NCAA Division I Women’s Tournament but does not occur in two other major sports tournaments that are similar in structure to March Madness. We offer explanations for the presence of a middle-seed anomaly in the NCAA basketball tournaments, and its absence in the others, that are based on the combined effects of the functional form of the relationship between team strength and seed specific to each tournament, the degree of parity among teams, and certain elements of tournament structure. Although these explanations account for the existence of middle-seed anomalies in the NCAA basketball tournaments, their larger-than-expected magnitudes, which arise mainly from the overperformance of seeds 10–12 in the second round, remain enigmatic.
Disculpas, cortesía ideológica y restauración de la imagen: a propósito de un real ejemplo a través de la prensa / Apologies, ideological politeness and face restoration: an account of a Royal example through the press
Authors: López Javier Medina
Published: May 2021

El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el comportamiento de cinco periódicos españoles que trataron ampliamente un acto de habla proferido por el rey de España Juan Carlos I el día 19 de abril de 2012. Se trata de una petición de disculpas al pueblo español por la participación en un safari africano: “Lo siento mucho. Me he equivocado y no volverá a ocurrir”. La importante crítica social hizo que la figura del monarca fuera cuestionada en amplios sectores de la vida pública española. El hecho, excepcional por la naturaleza de quien lo protagonizó, adquirió por ello una gran relevancia mediática. Los periódicos contemplados para este estudio (El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Razón y La Gaceta) colaboraron en la restauración de la imagen real, una vez que fueron mayoritariamente aceptadas las disculpas. Se propone, por todo ello, el concepto de cortesía ideológica como un mecanismo estratégico fomentado a través del lenguaje periodístico.
UNC-2 CaV2 Channel Localization at Presynaptic Active Zones Depends on UNC-10/RIM and SYD-2/Liprin-α inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Oh Kelly H. , Krout Mia D. , Richmond Janet E. , Kim Hongkyun
Published: May 2021

Presynaptic active zone proteins couple calcium influx with synaptic vesicle exocytosis. However, the control of presynaptic calcium channel localization by active zone proteins is not completely understood. In aCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) forward genetic screen, we find that UNC-10/RIM (Rab3-interacting molecule) and SYD-2/Liprin-α regulate presynaptic localization of UNC-2, the CaV2 channel ortholog. We further quantitatively analyzed live animals using endogenously GFP-tagged UNC-2 and active zone components. Consistent with the interaction between RIM and CaV2 in mammals, the intensity and number of UNC-2 channel puncta at presynaptic terminals were greatly reduced inunc-10mutant animals. To understand how SYD-2 regulates presynaptic UNC-2 channel localization, we analyzed presynaptic localization of endogenous SYD-2, UNC-10, RIMB-1/RIM-BP (RIM binding protein), and ELKS-1. Our analysis revealed that although SYD-2 is the most critical for active zone assembly, loss of SYD-2 function does not completely abolish presynaptic localization of UNC-10, RIMB-1, and ELKS-1, suggesting an existence of SYD-2-independent active zone assembly. UNC-2 localization analysis in double and triple mutants of active zone components show that SYD-2 promotes UNC-2 localization by partially controlling UNC-10 localization, and ELKS-1 and RIMB-1 also contribute to UNC-2 channel localization. In addition, we find that core active zone proteins are unequal in their abundance. Although the abundance of UNC-10 at the active zone is comparable to UNC-2, SYD-2 and ELKS-1 are twice more and RIMB-1 four times more abundant than UNC-2. Together our data show that UNC-10, SYD-2, RIMB-1, and ELKS-1 control presynaptic UNC-2 channel localization in redundant yet distinct manners.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrecise control of neurotransmission is dependent on the tight coupling of the calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) to the exocytosis machinery at the presynaptic active zones. However, how these VGCCs are tethered to the active zone is incompletely understood. To understand the mechanism of presynaptic VGCC localization, we performed aC. elegansforward genetic screen and quantitatively analyzed endogenous active zones and presynaptic VGCCs. In addition to RIM, our study finds that SYD-2/Liprin-α is critical for presynaptic localization of VGCCs. Yet, the loss of SYD-2, a core active zone scaffolding protein, does not completely abolish the presynaptic localization of the VGCC, showing that the active zone is a resilient structure assembled by redundant mechanisms.
Hear My Desire: Rachmaninov’s Orphic Voice and Musicology’s Trouble with Eurydice
Authors: See Truman
Published: May 2021

Stigmatized as kitsch, the music of Rachmaninov has largely been neglected by scholars. A reassessment has been made possible by recent historiography on late imperial Russia documenting the intelligentsia’s search for a messianic musician-bard, a role that several of Rachmaninov’s pre-revolutionary works take up, but not in the terms expected of them. Heard in relation to the Orpheus myth often invoked at the time, to the contemporaneous prevalence of psychoanalysis, and to the formal affinities between early modernist orchestral music and the unconscious, the music both assumes unforeseen significance and offers the possibility of a counterstatement to current musicological concerns with embodiment and presence. Amid these debates, Rachmaninov’s symphonic poem, Isle of the Dead (1909), emerges as an unexpectedly subversive work that sounds the futility of fin-de-siècle Russian utopianism while giving voice to an alternative, anti-metaphysical ethics. Meanwhile, the music points to a clandestine violence governing much of musicology’s ongoing fascination with the “drastic.” The resulting critique leads to the proposal of a reparative musicology capable of giving a sympathetic account of the cultural work of public mourning that Rachmaninov’s music performs in the concert hall today.