bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profil Kemampuan Mahasiswa Tadris Matematika dalam Memecahkan Masalah Program Linear Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Tingkat Kemampuan Prasyarat dan Gaya Kognitif Fiel Dependent
Authors: Thalhah Sitti Zuhaerah
Published: October 2018

Abstract:This research has been carried out on Semester II students of Mathematics education Department, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training at IAIN Palopo in 2017. The type of this research is qualitative descriptive. This research aims to describe the ability of students in solving Linear Program problems in terms of differences in the level of prerequisite ability and cognitive style. The instruments were (1) GEFT test, (2) Linear Algebra prerequisite ability tests, (3) Linear Program problem solving tests, (4) and unstructured task-based interviews. The results of this study are (1) research subjects with high prerequisite ability dependent field cognitive style, showing good ability in understanding problems correctly, planning solutions, solving problems in accordance with the plan and re-examining the results obtained. Subjects can solve Linear Program problems with graph and simplex methods (2) research subjects with prerequisite abilities while field dependent cognitive style, able to understand problems correctly, still unsure when carrying out solutions, but according to plan. Subjects can solve Linear Program problems with graphical methods and simplex methods, (3) research subjects with low prerequisite ability in field dependent cognitive style, lack of ability to understand problems, unable to carry out problem solving correctly, and unsure in explaining the completion steps taken.Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di IAIN Palopo Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Pendidikan Tadris Matematika Semester III Tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memecahkan masalah Program Linier ditinjau dari perbedaan tingkat kemampuan prasyarat dan gaya kognitif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah (1) tes GEFT, (2) tes kemampuan prasyarat Aljabar Linier, (3) tes pemecahan masalah Program Linier, (4) dan wawancara berbasis tugas tidak terstruktur. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) subjek penelitian dengan kemampuan prasyarat tinggi gaya kognitif field dependen, menunjukkan kemampuan yang baik dalam memahami masalah dengan tepat, merencanakan pemecahan, menyelesaikan masalah sesuai dengan rencana dan memeriksa kembali hasil yang diperoleh. Subjek dapat menyelesaikan masalah Program Linier dengan metode grafik dan simpleks (2) subjek penelitian dengan kemampuan prasyarat sedang gaya kognitif field dependent, dapat memahami masalah dengan tepat, masih kurang yakin saat melaksanakan pemecahan, namun sesuai dengan rencana. Subjek dapat menyelesaikan masalah Program Linier dengan metode grafik dan metode simpleks, (3) subjek penelitian dengan kemampuan prasyarat rendah gaya kognitif field dependent, kurang mampu memahami permasalahan, tidak mampu melaksanakan pemecahan masalah dengan benar, dan tidak yakin dalam menjelaskan langkah-langkah penyelesaian yang ditempuh.
Pengembangan Buku Teks Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis IT Berbahasa Inggris untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kalkulus Mahasiswa TMT IAIN Tulungagung
Authors: Asmarani Dewi , Madayani Nany Suengkono
Published: October 2018

Abstract:Awareness of the importance of English is not fully understood by students. therefore a tool is needed to help them. The tools used are textbooks. This study tries to develop an IT-based mathematics textbook. the existence of the book is expected to improve their English and mathematical skills. Textbooks are developed through 4 stages of development, namely: the definition stage, the design stage, the development stage, and the dissemination phase. After going through four stages are then acquired IT-based mathematics textbooks are valid and effective. Based on the assessment of two validators obtained validity of 3.30. This shows that, the IT-based mathematics textbook has met valid criteria. while students who get more than 80 are 90.06%. Thus the value is included in the completeness criteria.Abstrak:Kesadaran akan pentingnya berbahasa Inggris belum sepenuhnya di pahami oleh mahasiswa. oleh sebab itu diperlukan alat bantu untuk membantu mereka. Alat bantu yang diusahakan berupa buku teks. Penelitian ini mencoba mengembangkan sebuah buku teks matematika berbasis IT. dengan adanya buku tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa inggris dan matematikanya. Buku teks dikembangkan melalui 4 tahap pengembangan yaitu: tahap definisi, tahap desain, tahap pengembangan, dan tahap pendiseminisian. Setelah melalui keempat tahapan tersebut maka diperoleh buku teks matematika berbasis IT yang valid dan efektif. Berdasarkan penilaian dua orang validator diperoleh kevalidan sebesar 3,30. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, Buku teks matematika berbasis IT tersebut telah memenuhi kriteria valid. sedangakan mahasiswa yang mendapat nilai lebih dari 80 adalah 90.06%. Dengan demikian nilai tersebut masuk dalam kriteria ketuntasan.
Crew – Spacecraft – Environment Anthropotechnical System in View of Engineering Systems
Authors: Augustyn Sławomir
Published: October 2018

The publication describes an example of the anthropotechnical system (crew-spacecraft-environment) in view of engineering systems, which enables to shape their dependability by simultaneously ensuring the safety of space flight operations and more economical operations. Further research on developing the anthropotechnical system should involve the implementation of the elements of artificial intelligence based on expert systems or artificial neural networks.
Application Concept of the Active Magnetic Suspension Technology in the Aircraft Engine
Authors: Kurnyta-Mazurek Paulina , Kurnyta Artur , Pręgowska Agnieszka , Kaźmierczak Krzysztof , Frąś Leszek
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the results of work on control and monitoring systems of an active magnetic bearings for the aircraft engine. Mathematic model of the active homopolar electromechanical actuator with permanent magnets is expanded. Mathematical model of the test object is developed what allows to propose a control algorithm. The experimental verification of this theory was performed on the laboratory test stand. Moreover, special monitoring system is also designed. Presented comprehensive approach allows increasing reliability of the aircraft engines, as well as in wind turbines, electric drives and machine tools spindles.
Evaluation of mandibular anatomical formation for gender determination in Turkish population
Authors: Apaydın Burak , Icoz Derya , Yasar Fusun , Akgunlu Faruk
Published: October 2018

Background/Aim: Gender determination is one of the most challenging tasks in medico-legal research and forensic dentistry. Several skeletal components are investigated for this purpose and the mandible is one of them. The mandible has several specific anatomical features. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of measurements related to the mental foramen, gonial angle and antegonial angle on gender determination using digital panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was planned with 150 digital panoramic radiographs (75 males and 75 females, aged between 20 to 49 years). The radiographs were analyzed by dividing them into two equal gender groups (male and female). Several parameters were compared to determine the gender. The distances from the superior and inferior border of the mental foramen to the basis of the mandible on the right side were measured. Gonial and antegonial angles were evaluated bilaterally. The difference between the males and females were analyzed with independent samples t-test (p<0.05). Results: There was statistically significant difference between the males and females in terms of all the evaluated parameters (p<0.05). The distances related to mental foramen is higher in the males however gonial and antegonial angles are larger in the females. Conclusions: The mental foramen position, gonial and antegonial angles can be used to predict the gender in Turkish population.
Electromyographic activity changes of jaw-closing muscles in patients with different occlusion schemes after fixed prosthetic restoration
Authors: Ximinis Evangelos , Tortopidis Dimitrios
Published: October 2018

Background/Aim: To investigate the electromyographic (EMG) activity changes of jaw-closing muscles in patients with different occlusion schemes and posterior edentulous span, after the placement of teethsupported fixed partial denture (FPD). Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 20 patients (10 men and 10 women, the mean age being 50 years) with a posterior edentulous area that includes two missing premolars or one premolar and one molar. The participants were divided into two groups with different occlusion schemes: canine-guided occlusion (CGO) and group function occlusion (GFO). The metal-ceramic FPD were fabricated according to the clinic-standardized protocol. EMG activities of masseter and anterior temporalis patients' muscles were recorded with bipolar surface electrodes during maximal voluntary clenching. EMG evaluation was repeated twice: (T1) before the fabrication of FPD (T2) after eight weeks of FPD cementation and intraoral functioning of restoration. The data were subjected to Analysis of Variance-ANOVA within the methodological framework of the General Linear Models with Repeated Measures. The Bonferroni test was used to compare multiple mean measures. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS ver. 11.5. The level of significance was predefined at a=0.05. Results: Group 1 with CGO presented significantly higher levels of masseter (mean maximum EMG average before 79.36μV and 139.68μV after) and temporalis (mean maximum EMG average before 79.07μV and 149.37μV after) EMG activity after FPD placement. Group 2 with GFO also showed significantly higher levels of masseter (mean maximum EMG average before 61.57μV and 165.30μV after) and temporalis (mean maximum EMG average before 56.94μV and 133.08μV after) EMG activity after the prosthetic restoration. Conclusions: It may be concluded that fixed prosthetic restoration, in both patients with canine-guided and group function occlusion, results in increased EMG jaw-muscle activity.
Conservative management of displaced horizontal root fracture in vital maxillary premolar: A case report
Authors: Badar Bilal , Ghafoor Robia , Hameed Hasan , Anwer Natasha
Published: October 2018

Background/Aim: The management of horizontal root fracture is not straight forward. It depends upon the location of the fracture, mobility and vitality of fractured tooth segment. The goal of treatment is to restore the shape and function of affected tooth. Case report: This following case report described the conservative management of horizontal root fracture which was also displaced but somehow maintained its vitality. The affected tooth was initially stabilized and followed up in the subsequent appointments for evaluation of vitality that turned out to be vital, thus, preventing any unnecessary intervention. Conclusions: Horizontal root fractures in the vital teeth should be initially managed conservatively and every effort should be made to preserve the vitality of tooth.
Peculiarities of Enterprise Mortgage as a New Form of Commercial Charge
Authors: Juzikienė Renata
Published: October 2018

Enterprise mortgage is a new form of commercial charge applicable in the law of Lithuania since 1 July 2012. An enterprise mortgage as set out in the national law is distinct by its object, i.e. that an enterprise mortgage allows charging an enterprise as a whole, as an immovable property item; by the debtor’s (grantor’s) right to use the mortgaged assets in the ordinary course of business by transferring them to third persons free from encumbrance; also by the opportunity for the enterprise mortgagee to enfroce his rights by special method of enforcement: the enterprise purchase and sale. As a result of its wide scope, embracing both the existing and future assets of the debtor, as well as due to the absolute priority granted to the mortgagee to get all proceeds from the sale of the charged property, enterprise mortgage affects not only the debtor but also other creditors of the debtor (grantor). The method of minimum regulation for enterprise mortgage chosen in the law leaves a number of open questions for practical and doctrinal development. The article presents an analysis of the content of object of enterprise mortgage, explores the impact of enterprise mortgage on the satisfaction of claims of other creditors of the debtor (grantor) both in enforcement and insolvency proceedings, the rationale behind absolute priority of the enterprise mortgagee, effectiveness of the enterprise purchase, and sale as a method of enforcement of enterprise mortgagee’s rights. The article also analyses the relevance and adequacy of the existing legal regulation.
The Necessity of Satire in Media Literacy: Stephen Colbert’s Use of Sophistic and Socratic Irony
Authors: Jones Andrew C.
Published: October 2018

Media literacy campaigns champion systematic thinking and high elaboration in the fight against fake news. However, they often overlook an ancient tool for discrediting demagogues and destroying disinformation: satire. This essay explores how satirist Stephen Colbert used irony in his 2010 congressional testimony, arguing that Colbert’s shift from Socratic to Sophistic irony encouraged listeners to think for themselves through a more central information-processing route. The essay concludes that irony increases recognition of fake news, but warns that an overreliance on Sophistic irony undermines an appreciation of truth, and requires the reintroduction of Socratic irony as a counter balance.
ADRB2 gene polymorphisms and salbutamol responsiveness in Serbian children with asthma
Authors: Jovicic N , Babic T , Dragicevic S , Nestorovic B , Nikolic A
Published: October 2018

Inhaled β2 adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonists are the mainstay of asthma therapy. The β2-AR protein is encoded by the ADRB2 gene and variants within this gene can have significant consequences for modulating the response to asthma therapy. This cross-sectional study performed at the University Children’s Hospital in Belgrade, included 54 children with asthma. The subjects were genotyped for ADRB2 +46A>G (Arg16Gly, rs1042713) and +79C>G (Gln27Glu, rs 1042714) polymorphisms and the association with asthma severity and response to inhaled salbutamol was examined. In Serbian asthmatic children, allele +46A was detected with a frequency of 41.7% and allele +79G was detected with a frequency of 23.1%. Allele +46G was found to be associated with a better response to inhaled salbutamol (p <0.05) and with mild form of asthma (p <0.05). Polymorphism ADRB2 +46A>G may be a determinant of asthma severity and response to salbutamol in children with asthma. We did not find any association of +79C>G polymorphisms with the asthma severity and bronchodilator response to inhaled salbutamol. The results of this study can be potentially useful for personalization of asthma treatment.
Understanding Contemporary Asymmetric Threats
Authors: Brzica Nikola
Published: October 2018

In the 21st century, warfare has evolved into a challenge that many countries are ill prepared to face. In contrast to the warfare of yesterday, victory is not defined by defeating an opposing military force, but rather defeating their ability to pursue political objectives by violent, often unconventional, means. Increasingly, these unconventional means are based on asymmetries between the two opposing forces.

A plethora of definitions for the term ‘asymmetric conflict’ exist, but they can largely be summarized by a general idea that one side in a conflict, due to its own failings or its opponents’ strength, is unable to achieve its political aims through conventional (i.e. symmetric) military means. Because of this, the weaker side uses new ideas, weapons and tactics in a manner that is not expected, exploiting surprise to undermine the relative strength(s) of their opponent (Lele, 2014). The character of contemporary asymmetric threats can be analyzed through a framework of several key characteristics, which will be described in this paper. Understanding this framework, particularly in light of the horizontal transfer of technology, tactics, organization structure and procedures between emerging asymmetric threats may contribute to better understanding of such threats.
Energy Charter Treaty – Standards of Investment Protection
Authors: Miljenić Orsat
Published: October 2018

The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) in its Part III which regulates standards of protection guaranteed to foreign investors by the ECT States members, together with the Article 24 of the ECT, constitutes a kind of autonomous investment treatment within the ECT. The ECT provides for a very broad spectrum of standards of protection: fair and equitable treatment; most constant protection and security; prohibition of unreasonable or discriminatory measures; „umbrella clause”; national treatment; most favoured-nation standard and effective means to assert the claims. It can be said that at the time of its drafting the ECT enclosed all standards of protection as recognized in BITs and NAFTA. There have been more than 100 publicly known investment arbitration cases where the ECT was invoked, more than 30 of which concluded by arbitral awards. This comprehensive arbitral practice strongly influences the practice applying other IIAs and vice versa.
Evaluation of Genetic Damage in Oreochromis mossambicus Exposed to Selected Nanoparticles by Using Micronucleus and Comet Bioassays
Authors: Vidya Puthan Variyam , Chitra Kumari Chidambaran
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the present study is to extend knowledge on the adverse effects of nanoparticles by evaluating genotoxicity as environmental risk assessment in Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of the selected nanoparticles, namely silicon dioxide (SiO2NPs-12mg/L), aluminium oxide (Al2O3NPs-4mg/L), titanium dioxide (TiO2NPs-16.4mg/L) and iron oxide (Fe3O4NPs-15mg/L) for short-term (24, 72 and 96 h) and long-term durations (15, 30 and 60 days). Genetic damages such as cytoplasmic, nuclear and DNA damage were measured in the erythrocytes of fish by using standard genotoxicity tests such as micronucleus test and comet assay. The frequencies of micronuclei along with nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities were scored and compared with the control group. The intensity of micronuclei along with other nuclear and cytoplasmic anomalies are found to be increased significantly (p<0.05) in time-dependent manner in all exposure groups when compared to the control group, thereby indicating chromosomal damage as a result of contact with nanoparticles. The tail length and percent of tail DNA within the comet significantly (p<0.05) increased in time-dependant manner after exposure to all nanoparticles, demonstrating an increase in DNA damage. Taken together, by using micronucleus test and comet assay, it is evident that the selected nanoparticles at sublethal concentrations induced genetic damage in Oreochromis mossambicus.
Factors controlling alterations in the performance of a runoff model in changing climate conditions
Authors: Sleziak Patrik , Szolgay Ján , Hlavčová Kamila , Duethmann Doris , Parajka Juraj , Danko Michal
Published: October 2018

In many Austrian catchments in recent decades an increase in the mean annual air temperature and precipitation has been observed, but only a small change in the mean annual runoff. The main objective of this paper is (1) to analyze alterations in the performance of a conceptual hydrological model when applied in changing climate conditions and (2) to assess the factors and model parameters that control these changes. A conceptual rainfall-runoff model (the TUW model) was calibrated and validated in 213 Austrian basins from 1981–2010. The changes in the runoff model’s efficiency have been compared with changes in the mean annual precipitation and air temperature and stratified for basins with dominant snowmelt and soil moisture processes. The results indicate that while the model’s efficiency in the calibration period has not changed over the decades, the values of the model’s parameters and hence the model’s performance (i.e., the volume error and the runoff model’s efficiency) in the validation period have changed. The changes in the model’s performance are greater in basins with a dominant soil moisture regime. For these basins, the average volume error which was not used in calibration has increased from 0% (in the calibration periods 1981–1990 or 2001–2010) to 9% (validation period 2001–2010) or –8% (validation period 1981–1990), respectively. In the snow-dominated basins, the model tends to slightly underestimate runoff volumes during its calibration (average volume error = –4%), but the changes in the validation periods are very small (i.e., the changes in the volume error are typically less than 1–2%). The model calibrated in a colder decade (e.g., 1981–1990) tends to overestimate the runoff in a warmer and wetter decade (e.g., 2001–2010), particularly in flatland basins. The opposite case (i.e., the use of parameters calibrated in a warmer decade for a colder, drier decade) indicates a tendency to underestimate runoff. A multidimensional analysis by regression trees showed that the change in the simulated runoff volume is clearly related to the change in precipitation, but the relationship is not linear in flatland basins. The main controlling factor of changes in simulated runoff volumes is the magnitude of the change in precipitation for both groups of basins. For basins with a dominant snowmelt runoff regime, the controlling factors are also the wetness of the basins and the mean annual precipitation. For basins with a soil moisture regime, landcover (forest) plays an important role.
Response of soil organic carbon and water-stable aggregates to different biochar treatments including nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Šimanský Vladimír , Igaz Dušan , Horák Ján , Šurda Peter , Kolenčík Marek , Buchkina Natalya P. , Uzarowicz Łukasz , Juriga Martin , Šrank Dušan , Pauková Žaneta
Published: October 2018

Recent studies show that biochar improves physical properties of soils and contributes to the carbon sequestration. In contrast to most other studies on biochar, the present study comprise a long-term field experiment with a special focus on the simultaneous impact of N-fertilizer to soil structure parameters and content of soil organic carbon (SOC) since SOC has been linked to improved aggregate stability. However, the question remains: how does the content of water-stable aggregates change with the content of organic matter? In this paper we investigate the effects of biochar alone and in a combination with N-fertilizer (i) on the content of water-stable macro- (WSAma
) and micro-aggregates (WSAmi
) as well as soil structure parameters; and (ii) on the contents of SOC and labile carbon (CL) in water-stable aggregates (WSA).

A field experiment was conducted with different biochar application rates: B0 control (0 t ha−1), B10 (10 t ha−1) and B20 (20 t ha−1) and 0 (no N), 1st and 2nd level of nitrogen fertilization. The doses of level 1 were calculated on required average crop production using the balance method. The level 2 included an application of additional 100% of N in 2014 and additional 50% of N in the years 2015–2016 on silty loam Haplic Luvisol at the study site located at Dolná Malanta (Slovakia). The effects were investigated after the growing season of spring barley, maize and spring wheat in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively.

The results indicate that the B10N0 treatment significantly decreased the structure vulnerability by 25% compared to B0N0. Overall, the lower level of N combined with lower doses of biochar and the higher level of N showed positive effects on the average contents of higher classes of WSAma
and other soil structure parameters. The content of SOC in WSA in all size classes and the content of CL in WSAma
3–1 mm significantly increased after applying 20 t ha–1 of biochar compared to B0N0. In the case of the B20N1 treatment, the content of SOC in WSAma
within the size classes >5 mm (8%), 5–3 mm (19%), 3–2 mm (12%), 2–1 mm (16%), 1–0.5 mm (14%), 0.5–0.25 mm (9%) and WSAmi
(12%) was higher than in B0N1. We also observed a considerably higher content of SOC in WSAma
5–0.5 mm and WSAmi
with the B10N1 treatment as compared to B0N1. Doses of 20 t biochar ha−1 combined with second level of N fertilization had significant effect on the increase of WSAma
and WSAmi
compared to the B0N2 treatment. A significant increase of CL in WSA was determined for size classes of 2–0.25 mm and WSAmi
in the B20N2 treatment. Our findings showed that biochar might have beneficial effects on soil structure parameters, SOC, CL in WSA and carbon sequestration, depending on the applied amounts of biochar and nitrogen.
Can a single dose of biochar affect selected soil physical and chemical characteristics?
Authors: Igaz Dušan , Šimanský Vladimír , Horák Ján , Kondrlová Elena , Domanová Jana , Rodný Marek , Buchkina Natalya P.
Published: October 2018

During the last decade, biochar has captured the attention of agriculturalists worldwide due to its positive effect on the environment. To verify the biochar effects on organic carbon content, soil sorption, and soil physical properties under the mild climate of Central Europe, we established a field experiment. This was carried out on a silty loam Haplic Luvisol at the Malanta experimental site of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra with five treatments: Control (biochar 0 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B10 (biochar 10 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B20 (biochar 20 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B10+N (biochar 10 t ha−1, nitrogen 160 kg ha−1) and B20+N (biochar 20 t ha−1, nitrogen 160 kg ha−1). Applied biochar increased total and available soil water content in all fertilized treatments. Based on the results from the spring soil sampling (porosity and water retention curves), we found a statistically significant increase in the soil water content for all fertilized treatments. Furthermore, biochar (with or without N fertilization) significantly decreased hydrolytic acidity and increased total organic carbon. After biochar amendment, the soil sorption complex became fully saturated mainly by the basic cations. Statistically significant linear relationships were observed between the porosity and (A) sum of base cations, (B) cation exchange capacity, (C) base saturation.
Competition vs. Searching as a Mechanism of the Rector’s Selection in Higher Education Institutions in Poland
Authors: Degtyarova Iryna , Woźnicki Jerzy
Published: October 2018

Objective: This paper aims at looking at the mechanisms of rector’s appointment in public higher education institutions in Poland based on the analysis of the legislation binding since 2005 with reference to the latest changes.

Methodology: Legislative analysis of the past and current regulations on the models of rector’s election was conducted, including mechanisms of nominating candidates in the Act on Higher education 2005, its amendments in 2011 and the Act on Higher education and Science in 2018. Literature review and empirical analysis of good practices were used.

Findings: The issue of strengthening a rector’s position and professionalizing university management in the system of higher education is very important and being widely discussed in terms of governance reforms. Changes, new regulations, reforms depend on how they are implemented on the institutional level in terms of their strategical development and how they are supported and promoted by the executive head.

The model of nominating and appointing the rector determines his relationship with the university board, senate and with academic community as well. In public higher education institutions in Poland the competition model is more burdensome than the model of election, it has numerous disadvantages and threats, and wasn’t applied by any university. New regulations in Poland make the process of nomination more important than before. In general, there are two main models of nominating candidates: an open procedure (open competition) and a closed one (e.g. searching, headhunting for senior executive staff in HR, in business sphere), each has their own strengths and weaknesses. In case of HEIs, both respect the principles of institutional autonomy, guaranteed to universities by the Polish Constitution and the law. It is an autonomous right of the academic community, of the university itself to define their own framework and nomination procedure. The model of executive search in nominating candidates can become more feasible and effective for professionalizing and improvement of the rector’s governance.

Value Added: The model of rector’s appointment has a significant impact on the whole university performance. By professionalizing appointment mechanisms at all its stages, universities will improve university governance and introduce new quality of management.

Recommendations: New regulations in higher education create possibilities for introducing into the academic practice the executive search as a mechanism for nominating candidates for a rector’s position in Polish universities.
The Use of Bluetooth Standard for Communication Between Vehicles Under Traffic
Authors: Kasprzyk Zbigniew , Rychlicki Mariusz
Published: October 2018

Bluetooth is a type of wireless communication used to transmit voice and data at high speeds using radio waves. It is a standard protocol for short-range radio communications between many different types of devices, including mobile phones, computers and other electronics [1]. The use of this type of data transmission standard for voice communications at close range in the vehicle is commonly known. The trend of integrating new services in vehicles increases rapidly and Bluetooth is one of the emerging communication technologies for realizing ad-hoc networks. The paper presents the possibility of using Bluetooth to build ad-hoc network suitable for the transmission of sound, in particular voice data using the modulation GSFK. We analyzed the features or problems that Bluetooth offers for transmitting audio data in an ad-hoc network. Some initial results of simulations and real-life tests give an impression of the performance and efficiency this standard for the transmission of voice data in an ad-hoc networks [2].
Laboratory Station for Reliability Testing of Digital Circuits Using Signature Analysis
Authors: Jadczak Kamila , Białek Rafał
Published: October 2018

The article presented a laboratory station for diagnosing the digital circuits and the test results on the basis of a selected example. The idea of a response compression technique, which is called an analysis of signatures, was demonstrated. The main element of the station includes 8-bit programme of an analyser of signatures, which was developed by the authors, and implemented in the LabVIEW environment with the use of NI 6008 data analysis module. The programme operation was tested on the selected digital circuit, and the obtained results were provided in the article.
Optimisation of the Municipal Waste Collection Process in a Small Size and Scarcely Populated Municipality
Authors: Rychlicki Mariusz , Kasprzyk Zbigniew , Jaśkiewicz Konrad
Published: October 2018

The paper presents a review of legal conditions regarding the process of municipal waste collection. An analysis of systems and solutions for the management and monitoring of a fleet of vehicles that can be used in the operation of means of transport during the implementation of the municipal waste process was carried out. The paper presents a coherent concept of ICT system for the optimization of the municipal waste collection process in a small-sized municipality. The proposed system can be used by companies responsible for waste collection, transport and service companies participating in the waste collection process.
Assessment of Road Restraint Systems in Polish Conditions
Authors: Budzyński Marcin , Jamroz Kazimierz , Jeliński Łukasz
Published: October 2018

Key to understanding the needs and tools of road infrastructure management is identifying the hazards and their sources involved in having no or faulty road restraint systems. Clarity is also needed on why the systems are wrongly designed, constructed, built and operated. To ensure that the problem is adequately understood, research and site observations were conducted and mathematical models were built to describe the level of roadside risk. To aid studies of road safety barrier and other road safety equipment functionality, it is vital to carry out field crash tests and crash test simulations. The main goal of the work is to develop a method for selecting optimal road restraint systems.
Evaluation Criteria for Technical and Teleinformatic Solutions in its Services
Authors: Rosiński Adam
Published: October 2018

Transport telematics systems integrate IT with telecommunications in applications for different transport systems. Through their implementation, the use of transport infrastructure and means of transport increases, while increasing the level of safety of vehicles and facilities performing transport tasks. The implementation of modern Intelligent Transport Systems in road transport necessitates their evaluation (including reliability and operation) and the rational selection for planned criteria. The article presents the author’s work on criteria and sub-criteria that will be used to evaluate technical and teleinformatic solutions for ITS services.
Metabolic Profile and Hormonal Status Comparison Between Primiparous and Multiparous Non-Cyclic Cows
Authors: Jasari Besir , Atanasov Branko , Celeska Irena , Radeski Miroslav , Nikolovski Martin , Dovenski Toni
Published: October 2018

Several reports indicated that a large proportion of dairy cows have not resumed cyclicity until day 60 after calving. These cows are traditionally classified as non-cycling (anoestrous or anovular cows). Static ovaries (SO, lack of luteal tissue and follicles >8 mm, and progesterone < 0.5 ng/mL) could be a possible underlying reason that contributes to a non-cycling status. Although SO affects both primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) cows, PP cows are more prone to be non-cycling than MP. Therefore, this study aims to compare the metabolic profiles and hormonal status between non-cycling PP and MP cows diagnosed with SO. One hundred and twenty one animals that did not express signs of oestrus until day 60 postpartum were grouped by parity (PP, n=58 and MP, n=63), then blood sampled and examined using transrectal ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected before the ultrasonographic examination. Out of those, 42 PP (72.4%) and 28 MP (44.4%) were diagnosed as non-cycling (bearing SO). Serum concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein and albumin did not differ between parity groups. The glucose concentrations in PP cows (1.43 ± 0.59 mmol/L) and MP cows (1.69 ± 0.71 mmol/L) did not differ, however, they were less than the normal physiological concentration. In addition, no differences were detected between parity groups for concentrations of NEFA, β-HBA, progesterone and estradiol. In summary, we concluded that non-cycling PP and MP cows bearing SO have similar hormonal status and metabolic profiles.
Beyond cost saving. Other factor consideration in online purchases of used electronic goods: a conjoint analysis approach
Authors: Kwarteng Michael Adu , Pilík Michal , Juřičková Eva
Published: October 2018

The market for second-hand and refurbished goods continues to record strong growth in most economies around the world. One obvious motivating factor in consumer choice of second-hand goods is price affordability. However, as the used market evolves, especially with the adoption of online e-commerce platforms, consumers’ inclination for used goods have also become complex. This paper investigates other appealing factors beyond price affordability (cost saving) in consumer choice of usable electronic goods. To do this, a consumer preference model was designed to reveal the key factors that drive consumer choices in the used electronic goods market. A case study using an emerging economy (Czech Republic) where used goods outlets are rampant coupled with the propensity for used electronic gadgets. The study adopted a simple random technique geared towards all the regions in the Czech Republic. The aggregate conjoint analysis method was used to model consumer preferences to determine the importance they attach to attributes most considered by consumers in the online used goods transactions. The result indicates that in respect of online purchases of used electronic appliances, a product’s ‘number of years in use’ is the next most important motivating factor after cost saving (price affordability). The study would help give a general insight into consumer preferences in the used electronic goods market.
Factors of communication mix on social media and their role in forming customer experience and brand image
Authors: Bacik Radovan , Fedorko Richard , Nastisin Ludovit , Gavurova Beata
Published: October 2018

Building a brand is a long-term process and it also applies to the world of social media. It is said that building a good brand reputation takes years, but it can be ruin in a moment. Therefore, it is important to look responsibly at all the aspects that have a role in building a brand on social media. The actual experience with the brand on social media is able to significantly affect brand building. The study focuses on exploring brand-building relationships in the social media environment. We selected a set of factors to predict customer experience with the brand in a social media environment and then we examined the relationship between this customer experience and the perceived brand image. 476 respondents filled out the electronic questionnaire. The study puts the greatest emphasis on respondents aged 20 to 35 years. We used correlation analysis to investigate the relationships in this issue. Out of the seven investigated relationships, up to two cases with medium dependence were confirmed by the strong relevance of relationships. The results support the importance of using social media tools for branding purposes, because these tools are the ones with the greatest ability to influence the people’s perception and attitude. It is also the fastest and one of the most personal ways to communicate with the customer. It happens in real time and it can convey the real emotion if performed right which all together help to trigger the user action. The findings of this study can guide marketing activities for companies to make the return on investment in social media as high as possible. The research offers a new perspective on selected factors and their role in creating social media experience and subsequently a brand image.
Crystal growth of nanostructured zinc oxide nanorods from the seed layer
Authors: Adetoye B.O. , Alabi A.B. , Akomolafe T. , Managutti P.B. , Coppede N. , Villani M. , Calestani D. , Zappetini A. , Maurizio C.
Published: October 2018

One-dimensional (1D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures (nanorods) were synthesized on a glass slide and fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2/F or FTO) coated glass (FTO/glass) by a wet chemical method. The structural, morphological and optical analyses of the as-deposited ZnO nanostructures were performed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD results showed that the nanostructures as-deposited on the glass and the FTO/glass substrates were of ZnO wurtzite crystal structure, and the crystallite sizes estimated from the (0 0 2) planes were 60.832 nm and 64.876 nm, respectively. The SEM images showed the growth of densely oriented ZnO nanorods with a hexagonal-faceted morphology. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum revealed high absorbance properties in the ultraviolet range and low absorbance properties in the visible range. The optical energy band gap of the ZnO nanostructure was estimated to be 3.87 eV by the absorption spectrum fitting (ASF) method.
Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications
Authors: Zoltán Kun Imre , Ildikó Kun , Melinda Kolcsár
Published: October 2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disease among women with childbearing potential, the best-known cause of hirsutism, with a hypothesized prevalence of 8-22%. The first part of the paper discusses the conceptional evolution of the syndrome, from its description in 1935 by Stein and Leventhal till today. It describes the changes in the criteria systems, emphasizing that the Rotterdam criteria, proposed in 2003 by the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine, are still valid today. This system basically differs from earlier (1990) NIH-criteria in one aspect: it introduced two newer phenotypes, one without hyperandrogenism and the other with ovulatory cycles, so it distinguishes 4 phenotypes. The etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS is heterogeneous, multifactorial, poorly understood. We present the 3 leading hypotheses (1 - hypothalamo-hypophyseal disturbances, 2 – primary enzyme disorders in ovarian, or ovarian/adrenal steroidogenesis, resulting primarily in hyperactivity of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, 3 – insulin resistance-hyperinsulinism and other metabolic dysfunctions). We emphasize the role of genetically determined hyperandrogenism, that of insulin resistance-hyperinsulinism and the importance of reinforcing each other. Subsequently, the aggravating aspects of the frequently associated metabolic syndrome are discussed, and then the effects of the mentioned pathological processes on the endocrine and other organ structures participating in the regulation of sexual functions. We stress the hypothetical role of perinatal and pubertal androgen exposition in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The mechanisms of anovulation and those of the endometrial lesions are discussed, too. The clinical manifestations, the paraclinical and laboratory examinations, the positive and differential diagnosis and the complications are also presented. We intend to deal with the therapeutic aspects of PCOS in an upcoming paper.
The Appointment as Professor of Zsigmond Purjesz and his Decorations. A Centennial Commemoration
Authors: György Gaal
Published: October 2018

Zsigmond Purjesz (1846–1918) was born at Szentes (Hungary), and he became MD at Budapest in 1870. In 1880 he applied for and won by competition the professor’s chair of Internal Medicine at Cluj/Kolozsvár University. He taught there for three decades, and founded a medical school. In 1911 he retired and moved to Budapest. According to his wish, he was buried at Kolozsvár.

The first part of our study presents the preliminaries of Purjesz’s appointment to Kolozsvár, based on the documents of the Kolozsvár Medical Faculty kept in the State Archives at Marosvásárhely/Târgu Mureş. Endre Takács from Budapest and Ignác Büchler from Kolozsvár were the other two applicants. A board of three university professors proposed Purjesz on the first, Takács on the second and Büchler on the third place to be appointed as professor. On ministerial proposal the king decided to appoint Purjesz on the 2nd of May, 1880.

In the second part of the study we take into account the recognitions and decorations Purjesz got. In 1893 for his activity during the cholera epidemic he was awarded with the Iron-Crown Order, 3rd class. In 1901 he got the title of Court councilor, which implied the form of address “Right Honorable”. In 1906 at the 25th anniversary of his professorship his students and colleagues compiled a memorial volume dedicated to him. In 1910 the Royal City of Kolozsvár declared him Honorary Citizen. Following his retirement his bust made by György Vastagh was unveiled at the courtyard of the hospital. In 1911, the king recognizing his healing and teaching activity raised him to the rank of Hungarian nobility.
Correlation between ABCB1 gene polymorphisms, antiepileptic drug concentrations and treatment response
Authors: Sabin Octavia , Bocșan Ioana Corina , Trifa Adrian , Major Zoltan Zsigmond , Heghes Simona Codruta , Bota Emanuela Brusturean , Buzoianu Anca Dana
Published: October 2018

Aim: A possible molecular mechanism of clinically defined multidrug-resistant epilepsy involves drug efflux transporters such as P glycoprotein (P-gp), a member of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B1 (ABCB1). We have investigated the prevalence of the C3435T, G 2677T/A, and T129C single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of MDR1 gene, in Romanian epileptic patients.

Methods: 70 epileptic patients evaluated in the Neurology Department of Cluj County Hospital were included in the study. The response to treatment was assessed by reviewing the seizure diaries and the patients were classified as responders or non-responders. Antiepileptic drug (AED) plasmatic concentrations were measured and the patients were divided into 2 groups: first group with AED concentrations in therapeutic range and the second one with sub-optimal AED concentrations. Genotyping the DNA samples, we investigated MDR1 gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results were expressed as genotype and allele frequencies per response group and compared between subgroups.

Results: 33 patients (47.14%) were classified as responders, while the remaining 37 patients (52.86%) were classified as non-responders. A comparison of responders and non-responders revealed no significant difference in genotype frequency for any of the three mutations studied. The CT heterozygote for ABCB1 T129C had significantly lower AED concentrations (p=0.041), with no significant difference for the other polymorphisms studied.

Conclusions: In our study we found an association of CT variant in ABCB1 C129T with lower AED plasmatic concentrations and no association between ABCB1 variants and the drug responsiveness.
Preclinical and Clinical Evidence of Safety of Antiviral Drug with Immunomodulatory Activity
Authors: Borovskaya Tatiana Gennadievna
Published: October 2018

Antiviral drug Kagocel is widely used in Russia for prevention and treatment of acute respiratory infection, influenza, and herpes. The drug belongs to the group of interferon inductors. The article contains the review and analytical evaluation of safety of antiviral drug Kagocel. Kagocel is registered in the Russian Federation and some CIS countries and refers to the group of interferon inducers. This is a chemical compound of carboxymethyl cellulose and low-molecular natural polyphenol gossypol common in cotton-plant (Gossypium spp.) which protects the plant from depredators and diseases. Authors pay a special attention to the analysis and generalization of data from preclinical and clinical studies including the control of related substances. Absence of free gossypol impurities guaranteed by highly sensitive and specific quality control methods. Preclinical studies data was analyzed and the results were presented with focus on reproductive safety of Kagocel® in immature and mature animals.. No negative effect on animals’ reproductive function was revealed including spermatogenesis and generative function. No long-term product effect on reproductive system or next generations of animals was recorded both at therapeutic doses and at doses 10 times their exceeding. The safety of the drug demonstrated on data obtained from numerous clinical trials, including those involving children aged 2 years and older. Th is confirms the safety of antiviral drug Kagocel usage in clinical practice, including pediatrics.