bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness of anticancer phytoconstituents: ADMET, Molecular docking, and Simulation studies
Authors: Singh Nootan , Yadav Piyush Kumar , Israr Juveriya , Vaish Swati , Basantani Mahesh Kumar , Singh Ajay Kumar , Gupta Divya , Gupta Garima
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women around the world. Several genetic mutations tend to induce the risk of BC progression. SPDEF (Sam pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor) is a prostate-derived ETS factor that maintains homeostasis, differentiation of epithelial tissues, and heritable alterations in cancer. Plant secondary metabolites like flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids have shown anticarcinogenic effect in several literatures. Therefore, in this study the SPDEF protein was used as potential breast cancer therapeutic target. Pharmacokinetic properties (ADMET), drug-likeness, and molecular docking of the fifteen phytoconstituents were assessed against SPDEF protein by various in silico approaches. The results showed that genistein, 2-hydroxychalcone, ajoene, and allicin had no toxicity. As per toxicological endpoints prediction study, the median lethal dosage (LD50) values vary from 159 to 3919 mg/Kg. All of the phytoconstituents derivatives taken into account in this investigation, are projected to be good candidates for P-glycoprotein (p-gp). Using in silico methods, the fifteen phytoconstituents identified from the different plants were predicted for their inhibitory actions against SPDEF protein, suggesting their breast cancer therapeutic potential. Silibinin, codonolactone and genistein have showed the lowest binding energy (-7.7, -6.1 and -6.1 kcal/mol) respectively and predicted to have the best inhibitory effect against SPDEF protein. We selected these three phytoconstituents for molecular dynamic simulation at 200 ns. In a comparison analysis, the Silibinin-receptor complex structure qualifies for the maximum parameters.
The predictions about the pharmacokinetic properties of these phytoconstituents would form the basis for future in vivo, and in vitro experiments to identify the most appropriate therapeutic compound.
Security Enhancement of Playfair Cipher Using Modified Blum Blum Shub Algorithm and Keystream Values
Authors: Muhammed Alemu Jorgi , Woldiegiworgies Tefera Alagaw , Tsegaye Getaneh Geto
Published: January 2024

The Playfair cipher operates as a symmetric en-cryption method, simultanously encrypting pairs of letters. This research aims to enhance the Playfair cipher’s security by incorporating a modified Blum Blum Shub algorithm and utilizing Keystream values. The Blum Blum Shub algorithm undergoes modification through the introduction of four Blum prime numbers, complicating prime factorization. These primes are employed to generate random numbers, subsequently forming a key by mapping the equivalent characters of the generated sequences. In this investigation, we ensure secure key swapping, eliminating the necessity for filler characters when combining related characters in to bigrams.
Additionally, we obscure the relationship between plaintext and ciphertext bigrams by altering the Playfair cipher’s encryption mechanism. Notably, the recipient does not directly receive the key; instead , it independently generates the same key as the sender, resolving the key exchange challenge. The proposed algorithm undergoes evaluation on an HP computer using Matlab software, assessing its performance in terms of the avalanche effect, frequency analysis, key generation, key exchange, and resistance against brute force attack.
The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields a high avalanche effect ratio. It generates a complex key, challenging to predict , and requires a substantial amount of time for cryptanalysis attacks to crack. A slight modification in a single plaintext character results in an average avalanche effect of 80%. Consequently, the proposed approach is more secure than the extended algorithm.
A new type of single-arm single-port micro-trauma laparoscopic surgery robot
Authors: QU Jichen , JIANG Naijing , CHEN Liangliang , He Chao , FAN Jiang , ZHAO Yaping
Published: January 2024

As the robot-assisted single-port surgery gets more attention, we proposed a novel single-arm single-port micro-traumatic laparoscopic surgery robot system with multiple innovative techniques. From a mechanical perspective, joints with high rigidity and reliability were used to realize the remote center of motion. The cost of consumables was reduced by adding the support of a rigid endoscope. From the algorithm perspective, a high-precision motion control method and feedback-force protection mechanism were implemented. The effectiveness of the aforementioned characteristics was verified by 10 clinical cholecystectomy experiments. The results showed that the system can reduce the amount of bleeding, accelerate patient recovery, reduce infection risk, and shorten the learning period. Other gynecology and urology clinical trials using the new surgery robot are underway. The proposed surgery robot system had significant clinical application value.
Is personality reflected in gestures?
Authors: Lopez-Ozieblo Renia
Published: January 2024

Previous studies on gestures and personality suggest an ambiguous picture of the effects of the various personality dimensions on the different types of speech gestures and adaptors. In foreign language learning an additional variable to take into account is proficiency, which some studies have shown to affect gestures. In this study we explore how various intrinsic variables, including personality, proficiency, gender and age affect the gestures of 61 Cantonese speakers of English as a second language. Participants were asked to narrate a video cartoon. Their proficiency and the frequency of gestures produced was based on those narrations. A functional categorization of gestures was followed, dividing them into semantic and discursive, and also noted adaptors and micro-gestures, referred to as “flutters”. Personality was self-reported using the 44 question Big-Five inventory. Correlations and a series of generalized linear models were developed to explore the interplay between variables. Significant correlations found agreeableness, positively correlated with semantic gestures; and neuroticism and age negatively correlated with flutter duration. Extraversion was positively related to adaptor duration, although this was not reflected in the models. Contrary to the findings from previous studies, no significant relationships were found between neuroticism and adaptors or semantic gestures, nor between extraversion or openness and semantic gestures. Proficiency and gender had little effect on gestures. None of the models are very strong, suggesting that other variables, aside from the those tested, should be considered. The results suggest that anxiety might have a greater impact on gesture production rather than proficiency or personality.
Enhancing the Security of Vigenere and Polybius Hybrid Cryptography System using Modified Linear Congruential Generation Algorithm
Authors: Muhammed Alemu Jorgi , Tsegaye Getaneh Geto , Woldegiorgis Tefera Alagaw
Published: January 2024

In the arena of security, various encryption algorithms are used to protect information transmitted through insecure channels. Employing a hybrid encryption algorithm provides a strong defense and complicates the decryption process for potential intruders. A hybrid cipher system that combines the Vigenere and Polybius ciphers has proven to be more secure than each cipher alone. One strategy to bolster cipher security involves generating distinct cipher text results for the same plain text and key during different instances. However, hybrid algorithm faces vulnerable to different cryptanalysis attacks such as frequency analysis attack, brute force attack and dictionary attack due to the use of repeating nature of the Vigenere key and unmodified Polybius table for encryption. To address these challenges, we propose an algorithm introducing dynamic cipher text, a random key generated through a modified linear congruential generation algorithm, and a randomized Polybius table for each character using the Randi function. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves enhanced security metrics, supporting a 96% of avalanche effect, improved confusion and diffusion properties, a mere 1.54 % average occurrence of character in the cipher text, and a 0.01839 index of coincidence value. Therefore, the proposed algorithm outperforms existing hybrid algorithms in terms of security.
Vegetation Structure and Carbon Storage of Natural and Restored Mixed Deciduous Forests in Western Thailand
Authors: CHANLABUT UTAIN , CHANKIAN JEERAPORN , HIRUN DUSSADEEPORN , AUANSRIMUANG WICHUTA , NAHOK BENCHAWAN
Published: January 2024

Anthropogenic disturbances are important factors in the dynamics of forests, altering forest structure and carbon storage. This study compared the vegetation structure and forest carbon storage of two tropical mixed deciduous forest sites with different disturbance histories: natural forest (NF) and restored forest (RF). Field surveys and sampling were conducted in April 2022. The NF had significantly higher tree height and basal area than the RF, indicating a more mature and complex forest structure. The two forest communities had 49% similarity in species composition, but the NF was more diverse than the RF and had different dominant species. The J-shaped pattern of forest structure suggested that both communities were in a progressive and healthy stage of development. The NF also had higher aboveground biomass, aboveground carbon, and total carbon storage than the RF, resulting in a greater potential for CO2 sequestration. The insignificant differences in some forest parameters between the restored and natural forests indicated that the restored forests were gradually recovering to their natural condition after decades of restoration. However, other parameters showed that these areas still lacked certain functions due to a history of severe disturbances. These findings suggest that the restoration of degraded forests can lead to the recovery of important ecological parameters, such as forest structure, carbon storage, and tree diversity. However, the recovery process may take several decades, depending on the severity of the degradation and the management practices that are applied.
Bioinformatics Approach to Identify the Pathogenetic Link of Gut Microbial Metabolites and Stroke
Authors: Ding Liang , Wang Jianing , Qiu Sha , Ren Zhizhen , Yuantao Li , An Pengpeng
Published: January 2024

Stroke is a life-threatening condition that impairs the arteries and causes neurological impairment. The incidence of stroke is increasing year by year with the arrival of the aging population. Thus, there is an urgent need for early stroke diagnosis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can modulate the central nervous system and directly and indirectly impact behavioral and cognitive functions. This study aimed to investigate the connection between SCFA metabolism and stroke development via bioinformatic analysis. Initially, the GSEA and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed based on RNA data from stroke patients to comprehend the mechanisms governing stroke pathogenesis. The functional analysis, including GO, KEGG, and PPI, was performed based on the DEG selected by the limma package. 1220 SCFA metabolism-related genes screened from Genecards databases were intersected with 242 genes in main modules determined by WGCNA, and the final 10 SCFAs key genes were obtained. GO analysis revealed that these genes were involved in immune response processes. Through lasso regression analyses, we established a stroke early diagnosis model and selected 6 genes with diagnostic value. The genes were validated by the AUC values and had a relatively good diagnostic performance. Finally, 4 potential therapeutic drugs targeting these genes were predicted using the DSigDB via Enrichr. In conclusion, this paper analyzes the involvement of SCFAs in the complex gut-brain axis mechanism, which contributes to developing new targets for treating central nervous system diseases and provides new ideas for early stroke diagnosis.
Investigating new inhibitors with potential advantages for combating HER2-overexpressing head and neck squamous cancer cells; a practical and virtual screening study
Authors: Zeinali Majid , Pourshohod Aminollah , Barzegari Ebrahim , Akbari Akbar , Absalan Forouzan , Mehranfar Amir , Jamalan Mostafa
Published: January 2024

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are between most common cancer worldwide. Most HNSCC tumors are characterized by higher expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) that is related to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Accordingly, HER2 has been proposed as a fair target for specific chemotherapy. Lapatinib as a potent inhibitor of the EGFR family were proposed for the treatment of HER2-positive HNSCC cases. In current study, at first step we used the crystal structure of HER1-lapatinib complex (PDB ID: 1XKK) to deeply investigate lapatinib interaction with HER1. Based on the HER1-lapatinib crystal structure and conserved structure of EGFR family, we made a confirmed coordination to survey HER2-lapatinib interactions. After investigation of lapatinib with HER1 and HER2 structures via docking approach, we evaluated lapatinib effect on HN5 cells as HER2-overxpressing HNSCC-originating cell line. At last, we used created 3D coordination to introduce other efficient and specific inhibitors for HER1 and HER2 based on virtual screening processing according on structural similarity to lapatinib. Also, Pharmacokinetic properties of indicated ligands were assessed by ADMET in silico modelling tool. Obtained results showed, in accordance with our obtained docking result while the presence of lapatinib could enhance the optimum effect of cisplatin on ablation of HN5 cells it could not empower the specific effect of cisplatin on HN5 cells when compared with normal HER2-expressing MCF-7 cells. Following, based on virtual screening process, we introduce agents with high and specific affinity for HER1 and HER2.
A comparison of field portable X-ray fluorescence (FP XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for analysis of metals in the soil and ambient air
Authors: Schmidt Kelsey , Autenrieth Daniel , Nagisetty Raja
Published: January 2024

When analyzing metal concentrations in the soil and ambient air, accurate and reliable results are essential. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is considered the benchmark analytical method for environmental soil and air filter samples containing metals. Field portable X-ray fluorescence (FP XRF) can provide more timely results with lower ongoing costs, but the results are not as accurate as ICP-MS. The primary goal of this study was to find an optimal method to maximize the level of agreement between FP XRF results and ICP-MS results when analyzing metal concentrations in soil and ambient air samples in a U.S. Superfund community. Two different correction factor methods were tested to improve the prediction of ICP-MS concentrations using FP XRF for arsenic and lead in soil and ambient air. Ninety-one residential soil samples and 42 ambient air filter samples were analyzed in a split-half design, where half the samples were used to create the correction factors and the other half to evaluate the level of agreement between the analytical methods following FP XRF correction. Paired t-tests, linear regression plots, and Bland-Altman plots were utilized to examine which correction factor provided the highest level of agreement between the two methods. Based on the results from this study, it was determined that a ratio correction factor method provided the best fit for this FP XRF analytical device.
Occlusion-Based Object Transportation Around Obstacles With a Swarm of Miniature Robots
Authors: Queiroz Breno Cunha , MacRae Daniel
Published: January 2024

Swarm robotics utilises decentralised self-organising systems to form complex collective behaviours built from the bottom-up using individuals that have limited capabilities. Previous work has shown that simple occlusion-based strategies can be effective in using swam robotics for the task of transporting objects to a goal position. However, this strategy requires a clear line-of-sight between object and goal. In this paper, we extend this strategy by allowing robots to form sub-goals; enabling any member of the swarm to establish a wider range of visibility of the goal, ultimately forming a chain of sub-goals between the object and the goal position. We do so while maintaining the fully decentralised and communication-free nature of the original strategy. In three sets of simulated experiments, we demonstrate that our proposed approach allows a swarm of sufficient size to successfully transport objects around obstacles that occlude the goal from the starting position of the object, that this strategy is robust to different object shapes, and that our proposed changes do not reduce the performance of the strategy in environments where obstacles are not present.
In vitro chemopreventive activity and mechanism of action of p-coumaric acid in A431 cell line (Human epidermoid carcinoma cell)
Authors: Velusamy Pradeep , Muthusami Sridhar , Arumugam Ramakrishnan
Published: January 2024

Over the past few decades, skin cancer incidence has increased on a global scale. The most frequent type of cutaneous cancer is nonmelanoma skin cancer. One of the most significant and persistent secondary metabolites in plants are phenolic chemicals. Various fruits, vegetables, and grains contain p-coumaric acid. Although studies hint at its anticancer potential, more research, including clinical trials, is needed for a complete understanding. Consuming these plants within a balanced diet, rather than as isolated supplements, may offer broader health benefits. Due to its known biological and pharmacological characteristics, such as its anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, chemoprotective, and anticancer effects, p-coumaric acid has received a lot of interest. It is a promising anticancer agent with lower toxicity in human. Initially we performed MTT assay to understand the role p-coumaric acid in reducing mitochondrial activities of A431 cells, which revealed the IC50 value ± 52 µg/ml, which is similarly effective to the IC50 value of standard drug Imiquimod ± 52 µg/ml. To support this, we the performed mitochondrial membrane potential followed by ROS accumulation using DCF-DA. Then the cell cycle analysis was done to check the stage where p-coumaric acid is exerting inhibition/arrest. The ability to induce early/ late apoptosis was analyzed using flowcytometry. p-coumaric acid reduced the mitochondrial activity similar to the standard drug suggest the therapeutic usage of this compound. This is associated with increased ROS production and induction of cell cycle arrest and early apoptosis. p-coumaric acid is effective in reducing the survival and enhance apoptosis through ROS based mechanism.
Simulation of muscle activity in sports training based on optical coherence tomography technology
Authors: Yao Lingzi , Zhang Ye
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to explore the method of combining optical coherence tomography and EMG sensors to effectively analyze muscle activity patterns in sports. Optical coherence tomography is used to monitor the surface morphological changes of muscles in a non-invasive manner in real time, and electromyography sensors are combined to record the electrical activity signals of muscles. Through experiments on multiple athletes, a large number of optical coherence tomography and EMG data were collected to analyze muscle activity patterns in different sports. Optical coherence tomography provides precise information on muscle morphological changes, while EMG sensors provide signals of muscle electrical activity. Through the comprehensive analysis of these two kinds of data, more comprehensive and accurate results of muscle activity patterns can be obtained. This method helps to understand the performance of muscles during exercise, and provides scientific basis for exercise training and rehabilitation treatment.
Exploring the Potential of Terrestrial Isopoda, Porcellionides cingendus, for Assessing Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Salman Zainab Hamed ,   Ibrahim Mahdi Alsalman1
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Environmental sustainability is crucial for maintaining diverse and productive biological systems. Terrestrial isopods, such as Porcellionides cingendus, are known for their environmentally friendly characteristics and adaptability. This study explores the potential of P. cingendus in improving environmental sustainability.
Methods: Samples of P. cingendus were collected from various locations and reared in controlled environments. Waste consumption efficiency was evaluated by measuring the consumption of various cellulosic wastes over 15 days. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA.
Results and Discussion: P. cingendus individuals exhibited varying consumption rates for different types of wastes. Wood sawdust recorded the highest consumption percentage (99.2%), followed by citrus leaves (81.9%), potato peels (70.4%), Cynodon dactylon (68.4%), and cardboard (34.1%). The consumption differences can be attributed to dietary preference, food source, and digestibility. Wood sawdust, with its cellulose content, was highly attractive to P. cingendus. Citrus leaves were preferred due to their chemical composition and smell. However, cardboard was the least preferred, possibly due to its chemical composition and lack of easy digestibility.
Conclusion: P. cingendus, particularly its preference for wood sawdust and citrus leaves, shows potential for efficiently consuming cellulosic wastes, indicating their ability to contribute to environmental cleaning and sustainability. Understanding the waste consumption efficiency of P. cingendus can aid in developing strategies for waste management and ecological preservation. Further research is warranted to explore their role as bioindicators for assessing environmental sustainability.
SWOT Analysis and Insights into the Health Research Authority Approval Process for COVID-19 Antimicrobial Stewardship Research in UK Secondary Care: Advocating Think Ethics
Authors: Elshenawy Rasha Abdelsalam , Umaru Nkiruka , Aslanpour Zoe
Published: January 2024

This article examines the Health Research Authority's (HRA) approval process, guided by the 'Think Ethics' ethos, for an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) research project at an English NHS Foundation Trust amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a SWOT analysis to reflect critically on the process, the project encompassed a retrospective examination of patient records and a survey of healthcare staff, traversing the complexities of the Integrated Research Application System (IRAS). The HRA's streamlined procedures, involving meticulous reviews by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (REC) and regulatory checks, refined the approval process, precluding the need for multiple assessments across NHS bodies. Achieving HRA consent necessitated stringent adherence to confidentiality protocols and the submission of extensive documentation. Only upon securing all requisite regulatory approvals could the project proceed, highlighting the essentiality of proficient project management and strategic communication. The study's outcomes shed light on AMS practices, the shifts in antibiotic prescribing patterns, and the pandemic's influence on these dynamics. Crucially, the investigation emphasised the vital importance of robust AMS in managing antibiotic utilisation and in combating antimicrobial resistance. Reflection on this journey accentuated the value of public and patient engagement, the efficacy of participant recruitment materials, the merits of registering research internationally, and the importance of constructively addressing feedback. These lessons have substantially augmented the authors' research acumen, reinforcing the pivotal role of ethical deliberation and lucid communication in scholarly pursuits. This account presents an in-depth perspective of the HRA approval process, endorsing its integration in forthcoming AMS and antimicrobial resistance research, which remain significant global health issues.
Ultra-Wideband pin-diode diplexer switch on GaAs
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Khmara Ioann V. , Danilov Daniil S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Grebenyuk Vladimir N. ,   Micran JSC, Zagorodniy Andrey S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Sharangovich Sergey N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: January 2024

The article presents a circuit of an ultra-wideband pin-diode switch for two channels with different operating frequency ranges: DC-18 GHz and 18–26.5 GHz. A topology model of a microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) based on quasi-vertical GaAs pin diode technology of Miсran JSC is described. Comparison of simulation results and experimental measurement data of manufactured MMICs is performed. The use of the integrated circuit of the switch is possible as a part of the switching nodes of the measuring microwave equipment.
Barium mobility in a geothermal environment, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Zimmerman Jarred , Larson Peter B.
Published: January 2024

Ba-rich minerals are frequently observed in epithermal environments and include characteristic phases such as barite and alunite supergroup minerals. At Yellowstone, electron microprobe analysis shows that Ba in the unaltered third-cycle Tuff of Sulphur Creek is largely contained within sanidine phenocrysts (mean 1.60 wt% BaO) with lesser concentrations in plagioclase (mean 0.22 wt% BaO) and volcanic glass (mean 0.05 wt% BaO). Whole-rock XRD analyses of rocks hydrothermally altered by alkaline-chloride fluids at Ridge 7741 in Seven Mile Hole, Yellowstone National Park, show they are dominated by illite + quartz ± hydrothermal feldspar, primarily adularia. In this alteration zone, adularia is the principal phase that contains significant Ba (mean 0.43 wt% BaO). In shallower alteration, dominated by acid-sulfate assemblages, such as kaolinite + opaline silica ± alunite supergroup minerals (alunite, walthierite, huangite) ± barite, Ba is sequestered in the sulfate minerals. Alunite supergroup minerals (mean 1.12 wt% BaO) are more prevalent than barite and are largely found from the modern valley rim to about 60 m below the modern surface, especially around the South Fork of Sulphur Creek. However, nearly 80 m below the modern rim of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River, in areas previously altered by alkaline-chloride fluids, adularia altered to alunite supergroup minerals may contain similar to slightly elevated Ba concentrations relative to the replaced grain. Barite is primarily found sporadically in altered rocks along the valley rim of the South Fork of Sulphur Creek, with rare occurrences along the rim of the Grand Canyon. Despite the hydrothermal alteration, whole-rock XRF and ICP-MS analyses show similar mean concentrations between unaltered (0.11 wt% BaO) and altered (0.09 wt% BaO) Tuff of Sulphur Creek samples. Hydrothermally altered rocks are important sources of Yellowstone low-δ18O rhyolites, like the Tuff of Sulphur Creek, which inherits their low δ18O signal from them. Cenozoic rhyolites throughout the North American Cordillera tend to exhibit high Ba concentrations, including the low-δ18O Yellowstone rhyolites. This work shows that hydrothermal alteration mobilizes Ba in volcanic units with minimal dispersion of Ba out of that unit. The genesis of similar silicic volcanic rocks with elevated Ba, relative to mean upper crustal concentrations, may be the result of partial melting of hydrothermally altered rock.
All About Particles: Modelling Ore Behaviour in Mineral Processing
Authors: Pereira Lucas , Schach Edgar , Tolosana-Delgado Raimon , Frenzel Max
Published: January 2024

Mineral processing encompasses the series of operations used to first liberate the valuable minerals in an ore by comminution, and then separate the resulting particles by means of their geometric, compositional, and physical properties. From a geometallurgical perspective, it is fundamental to understand how ore textures influence the generation of ore particles and their properties. This contribution outlines the processes used to generate and concentrate ore particles, and how these are commonly modelled. A case study illustrates the main ideas. Finally, a brief outlook on the most important research challenges remaining in this branch of geometallurgy is presented.
Reorganization of modern Japanese tea ceremony system by “TaishoMeikikan(大正名器鑑)”
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Park Sei-yeon
Published: January 2024

The tea ceremony of Japan faces a major crisis following the Meiji Restoration and Westernization. In the early Meiji Restoration period, tea ceremony was treated as one of the old ways because of the contemporary tendency to worship Western culture and disregard traditional culture. Such a crisis will be overcome mainly by modern conglomerates. They recognized that Japanese tea ceremony was an important element of Japanese culture and became enthusiastic about learning about tea ceremony and collecting tea utensils. “TaishoMeikan” shows the changes of modern tea ceremony in the Meiji period. This book is Japan's first modern pictorial book to be discovered by Takahashi Yoshio, one of the managers of the modern Mitsui zaibatsu. This book is the same as the standard for modern Japanese tea tools. It shows the modern situation of famous tea utensils scattered during the chaotic period after the Meiji Restoration. Some of the collections of many former daimyo are still alive, but many have been transferred to modern entrepreneurs. This means that the center of tea ceremony has shifted from samurai-centered tea ceremony in the past to town tea ceremony acquired by zaibatsu.
Influence of changes in tip structure on wind wheel vibration characteristics under wind wheel-tower coupling
Authors: Dai Yuanjun , Luo Kaiwen , Cai Haoran , Wang Cong , Li Baohua
Published: January 2024

This study conducted modal and vibration-characteristic tests using transient excitation and spectrum analysis methods to find the variation law of vibration characteristics of wind wheels with bifurcated tip structures as compared to wind wheels with unmodified tips when the coupling between a wind wheel and its tower is considered. Additionally, a finite element analysis was used to calculate the mechanical characteristics of wind power manoeuvres. The following are the major results of this study. As compared to the non-trailer state, the coupling action of the wind wheel and the tower reduced the static frequency of the unmodified wind wheel and the bifurcated blade tip structure wind wheel under the trailer state. The static frequency of the bifurcated blade tip structure wind wheel under the coupling action decreases more significantly. Compared with the single wind wheel which is not affected by coupling, the dynamic frequency of the whole machine decreases after being affected by coupling, and the bifurcated blade structure has less influence on the coupling effect. Compared with the non-trailer state, the dynamic frequency curves of the two blade tip structure wind wheels in the trailer state decrease, the speed range in the resonance area is shortened, and the corresponding speed in the resonance area is reduced. The results of this study provide data support and design reference for reliable design of wind turbines.
Problematyka administracyjnych kar pieniężnych po nowelizacji Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego z 2017 roku
Authors: Buławski Jan
Published: January 2024

Ogólna regulacja kar administracyjnych została wprowadzona do polskiego porządku prawnego w 2017 r. Sankcje te są jednym z rodzajów sankcji administracyjnych w polskim systemie prawnym. Do 2017 r. nie było ogólnych przepisów dotyczących kar administracyjnych. Zmiany wprowadzone przez ustawodawstwo obejmują prawną definicję grzywien administracyjnych i warunki nakładania kar pieniężnych. W artykule omówiono te elementy nowej regulacji.
Podstawowe elementy analizy pojęcia „lichwy” w ujęciu ks. prof. Józefa Majki
Authors: Kucharski Adam
Published: January 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza, w podstawowym zakresie, wybranych elementów definicji lichwy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem perspektywy prezentowanej przez księdza profesora Józefa Majkę. Do osiągnięcia tego rezultatu prowadziskrótowe przedstawienie historii podejścia do kwestii lichwy z jednoczesnym podkreśleniem znaczenia badań, jakie na tym obszarze prowadził ksiądz Majka. Wspomniany autor podkreślał znaczenie dystansu do współczesnej interpretacji tego pojęcia oraz konieczność odróżnienia elementów zmiennych, od trwałych filarów moralnego podejścia do tego, co historycznie nazywano lichwą. Wstępnym warunkiem takiej analizy jest ścisłe ustalenie pojęć i kategorii. Ostatecznie jedynie lokalizacja terminu „lichwa” w obszarze pojęć etycznych pozwala na właściwe jego zdefiniowanie oraz dostrzeżenie jego prawdziwego rdzenia znaczeniowego.
VARIACIÓN EN EL RENDIMIENTO Y VISCOSIDAD DEL Κ-CARRAGENINA DE Chondracanthus chamissoi Y Mazzaella canaliculata DURANTE INVIERNO Y VERANO
Authors: Romani Vásquez Sarita , Arango De La Cruz José Carlos , Advincula Zeballos Orlando , Arévalo Ortiz Fermín Humberto
Published: January 2024

Las variaciones estacionales afectan la biosíntesis de κ-carragenina debido al impacto en el rendimiento y la calidad. Este estudio analiza la diferencia en rendimiento y viscosidad de κ-carragenina semirefinada entre Chondracanthus chamissoi (C. Agardh) Kützing y Mazzaella canaliculata (C. Agardh) Arakaki & M. E. Ramírez, durante la recolección de verano e invierno en dos fases diferentes (gametofito y tetrasporofito) para garantizar una industria sostenible de k-carragenina. Los resultados obtenidos en el rendimiento de κ-carragenina mostraron principalmente variaciones en la fase de gametofitos, donde M. canaliculata presentó 31,74% en el rendimiento durante la cosecha de invierno. Sin embargo, en verano su rendimiento se redujó al 24,32%. En contraste, C. chamissoi presentó un mejor rendimiento en la temporada de verano con 28,41%, mientras que en invierno presentó un rendimiento de 23,29%. Respecto al perfil de κ-carragenina obtenido por FTIR-ATR, todos los tratamientos se identificaron como k-carragenina debido a dos picos representativos de este coloide entre 920-930 cm-1 y 846-845 cm-1. Mientras tanto, en la viscosidad no hubo diferencia significativa entre las estaciones, pero sí entre las especies M. canaliculata y C. chamissoi y sus fases de vida, C. chamissoi en gametofitos, que presentó mayor viscosidad con 19,60 cps y 19,29 cps en verano e invierno, respectivamente. En cambio, M. canaliculata se presentó en 17,70 cps en verano y 17,19 cps en invierno. Por lo tanto, el conocimiento de la variación estacional y las etapas de fase de algas como C. chamissoi y M. canaliculata puede usarse para el desarrollo de la industria de κ-carragenina en el Perú.
Novel Arena of Nanocosmetics: Applications and their Remarkable Contribution
in the Management of Dermal Disorders, Topical Delivery, Future Trends and
Challenges
Authors: Ahuja Ashima , Bajpai Meenakshi
Published: January 2024

Nanocosmetics have attracted a considerable audience towards natural care due to their low cost,
target-specific delivery, and reduced toxicity compared to chemical-based cosmetics. Nanofomulations, including
nanoemulsions, nanotubes, and polymeric carriers, have become next-generation products explored
for the multifaced applications of nanotechnology in skin care. The rise in the cosmetic industry demands innovative
and personalized products designed using nanocarriers for better targeting and improving patient
compliance. Furthermore, nanocosmetics increase the efficiency of skin permeation active ingredient entrapment,
providing better UV protection. Moreover, it offers controlled drug release, targeting active sites and
enhancing physical stability. Further, overcoming the drawback of penetration problems makes them sustainable
formulations for precision medicine. Skincare nourishment with nanocosmetics using Indian spices helps
to maintain, beautify, and rejuvenate human skin. Nanophytopharmaceuticals extracted from plants, including
alkaloids, flavonoids, antioxidants, and volatile oils, are essential phyto-products for skin care. Nano herbals
and nanocosmetics are a growing market and gift of nature that nourishes and cures skin ailments like acne,
pemphigus, anti-aging, albinism, psoriasis, and fungal infections. The emerging concern is highlighted in the
investigation of nanoformulation toxicity and safety concerns in skin care. Further, it helps to manifest research,
development, and innovation in expanding the scope of herbal industries.
TPGS-mediated Transethosomes Enhance Transdermal Administration of Curcumin via Effects on Deformability and Stability
Authors: Guo Teng , Zhang Chenming , Chen Yuling , Wu Yihan , Liu Zhenda , Zhang Yongtai , Feng Nianping
Published: January 2024

Background:

Adding a suitable surfactant can enhance the transdermal permeability of
transethosomes while also leveraging its functionality as a functional material. In this study,
transethosomes were prepared using D-α-tocopherol acid polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as
edge activators for transdermal delivery of curcumin (Cur).

Methods:

The TPGS-mediated curcumin-loaded transethosomes (Cur@TES) were prepared and
formulated optimally, and the optimized formulations were characterized for their morphology, particle
size, entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL). The stability and deformability of
Cur@TES were investigated, while the transdermal delivery of Cur@TES was investigated through
in vitro transdermal assays and fluorescence imaging. A mouse ear swelling model was performed to
determine the anti-inflammatory effect of Cur@TES.

Results:

Cur@TES appeared round or elliptical in shape. The particle size, EE and DL for the optimized
formulation were observed as 131.2 ± 7.2 nm, 97.68 ± 2.26%, and 6.58 ± 0.62%, respectively.
X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of disordered structures in the inner core of the
vesicles. Moreover, Cur@TES system demonstrated better stability and deformability compared to
the curcumin-loaded ethosomes (Cur@ES). In-vitro transdermal experiments demonstrated that
Cur@TES significantly increased the amount of drug retained in the skin (P＜0.05). Fluorescence
imaging confirmed that the skin distribution were distinctly enhanced with the delivery by TPGS
mediated transethosomes. In addition, Cur@TES showed a significant inhibitory effect on Inflammatory
swelling in the mouse ear-swelling model.

Conclusion:

TPGS-mediated transethosomes exhibit significant transdermal advantages and enhanced
anti-inflammatory effects, providing a new perspective for the transdermal delivery of curcumin.
Deubiquitylase USP31 Induces Autophagy and Promotes the Progression
in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Stabilizing E2F1 Expression
Authors: Liang Wenjun , Yang Mingxia , Wang Xiaohua , Qian Yan , Gao Ruichen , Shi Yujia , Shi Xuejun , Shi Lei , Xu Ting , Zhang Qian
Published: January 2024

Background:

Autophagy exerts a vital role in the progression of lung squamous cell
carcinoma (LUSC). Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 31 (USP31) has recently been found to be involved
in the development of a variety of cancers. However, whether USP31 modulates autophagy
in LUSC remains unclear.

Methods:

This study revealed that high levels of USP31 were discovered in LUSC tissue samples
employing the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, quantitative real-
time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was tested via cell counting
kit 8 (CCK-8) as well as colony formation, demonstrating that USP31-stable knockdown reduced
cell viability.

Results:

Immunofluorescence analysis illustrated that USP31 knockdown blocked the occurrence
of LUSC autophagy. Meanwhile, USP31 has been shown to stabilize the expression of E2F transcription
factor 1 (E2F1) through the proteasome pathway. Furthermore, overexpressed E2F1 effectively
eliminated the effect of USP31 knockdown on LUSC cell proliferation and autophagy.

Conclusion:

In summary, this investigation proved that USP31 promoted LUSC cell growth and
autophagy, at least in part by stabilizing E2F1 expression, which provided a potential therapeutic
gene for the treatment of LUSC.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Computed Tomography Findings and Diagnosis
of 53 Cases of Elastofibroma in the Infrascapular Region
Authors: Wang Jian-wu , Peng Ru-chen
Published: January 2024

Objective:

In this work, we have used histopathology as the gold standard for the diagnosis, calculated the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of
computed tomography (CT), and analyzed the CT and clinical characteristics of pathologically proven elastofibromas.

Methods:

A systematic retrospective analysis was performed on all patients with infrascapular lesions who were treated in the hospital from 2006 to 2018.
CT and histopathological examinations were performed for all cases, and the CT sensitivity and PPV for the diagnosis of elastofibroma were
calculated. 12 of 53 cases (20 lesions) underwent enhanced CT scan after CT plain scan, and the related clinical and CT features of elastofibromas
have been discussed

Results:

Of the 54 patients treated during the study, CT diagnosis was consistent with histopathology in 53 cases. One was a false-positive patient. The PPV
and sensitivity of the CT in the diagnosis of elastofibroma were 93.3% (95% CI 68.0%-99.8%) and 100%, respectively. The CT values of 12
patients with 20 lesions on plain and enhanced scans were statistically significant (P=0.001). The prevalence of elastofibromas in males and
females was statistically significant (P=.000). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of left and right elastofibromas
(P=0.752). There was no significant difference in the volume of left and right lesions (P=0.209) and the volume of elastofibromas between males
and females (P=.474).

Conclusion:

CT is the most practical tool for the evaluation of elastofibromas in the infrascapular region
A Systematic Study of Pyracantha crenulata Phytoconstituents for their
Anti-Diabetic Activity Using Computational Techniques
Authors: Arya Girish Chandra
Published: January 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a significant medical condition with rising incidence
and fatality rates. According to WHO, around 422 million individuals globally have diabetes, the
majority of whom live in low and middle-income economies. Diabetes is entirely responsible for 1.5
million fatalities yearly. Researchers are concentrating on plant derivatives due to the higher toxicity
of conventional allopathic medicines. Antidiabetic agents and other medications, including from
plants, are significant. Pyracantha crenulata is a significant plant recognized for its various therapeutic
applications. It contains many phytoconstituents that give antidiabetic efficiency. In order to
investigate the antidiabetic efficacy of Pyracantha crenulata phytoconstituents, a study was conducted
using PDB IDs IUOK. The research was focused on the analysis of molecular docking and ADME
and toxicity studies.

Objective:

This study aimed to propose a mechanism for the antidiabetic activity of Pyracantha
crenulata phytoconstituents based on molecular docking studies.

Method:

The phytoconstituents of Pyracantha crenulata were docked using the PyRx Virtual
Screening software, and the ADME study was evaluated.

Results:

The results of molecular docking showed that many phytocosntituents of Pyracantha crenulata
have higher dock scores against antidiabetic action than conventional drugs.

Conclusion:

Based on molecular docking study, different chemical constituents may act as potent
inhibitors of diabetic proteins IUOK. By using the outcome of the research, new anti-diabetic medications
could be designed.
Bioinformatics-based Study on the Effects of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Aging Retina
Authors: Shi Ya-Hui , Li Jun-Qi , Min-Xu  , Wang Yu-Ying , Wang Ting-Hua , Zuo Zhong-Fu , Liu Xue-Zheng
Published: January 2024

Background:

Retinal aging is one of the common public health problems caused by
population aging and has become an important cause of acquired vision loss in adults. The aim of
this study was to determine the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs)
in delaying retinal ganglion cell (RGC) aging and part of the network of molecular mechanisms
involved.

Methods:

A retinal ganglion cell senescence model was established in vitro and treated with
UCMSC. Successful establishment of the senescence system was demonstrated using β-
galactosidase staining. The ameliorative effect of MSC on senescence was demonstrated using
CCK8 cell viability and Annexin V-PI apoptosis staining. The relevant targets of RGC, MSC, and
senescence were mainly obtained by searching the GeneCards database. The protein interaction
network among the relevant targets was constructed using the String database and Cytoscape, and
10 key target genes were calculated based on the MCC algorithm, based on which Gene ontologies
(GO) enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were
performed. Changes in relevant target genes were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative
PCR and the mechanism of action of UCMSC was determined by RNA interference.

Results:

β-galactosidase staining showed that UCMSC significantly reduced the positive results of
RGC. The retinal aging process was alleviated. The bioinformatics screen yielded 201 shared
genes. 10 key genes were selected by the MCC algorithm, including vascular endothelial growth
factor A (VEGFA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), albumin (ALB), interleukin-
6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor protein P53 (TP53), insulin (INS), matrix metalloproteinase
9 (MMP9), epidermal growth factor (EGF), interleukin-1β (IL1B), and enrichment
to related transferase activity and kinase activity regulated biological processes involved in oxidative
stress and inflammation related pathways. In addition, PCR results showed that all the above
molecules were altered in expression after UCMSC involvement.

Conclusion:

This experiment demonstrated the role of UCMSC in delaying retinal ganglion cell
senescence and further elucidated that UCMSC may be associated with the activation of VEGFA,
TP53, ALB, GAPDH, IL6, IL1B, MMP9 genes and the inhibition of INS, EGF, and TNF in delaying
retinal senescence.