bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KSZTAŁCENIE INTERKULTUROWE W DYDAKTYCE JĘZYKA NIEMIECKIEGO W POLSCE I W BADANIACH GERMANISTÓW. ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA WYBRANYCH DOKUMENTÓW I MATERIAŁÓW GLOTTODYDAKTYCZNYCH
Authors: Adamczak-Krysztofowicz Sylwia , Mihułka Krystyna
Published: July 2019

This article is intended to contribute to the academic debate on inter-cultural German language teaching and the relevant research in Poland. The authors present a critical overview and analysis of selected constitu-ent aspects of intercultural education and keywords which are im-portant for the evaluation of goals and content within the framework of interculturally-oriented teaching of German in Poland. The authors also discuss the form of presentation of intercultural aspects of educa-tion in The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment (Council of Europe, 2001), in the Polish core curriculum and in selected German language teaching materials which are meant to shape the intercultural competence of Polish learn-ers at different levels of proficiency and in different types of schools.
Perimeter-Minimizing Triple Bubbles in the Plane and the 2-Sphere
Authors: Lawlor Gary R.
Published: July 2019

We use continuous and discrete unification to prove that standard triple bubbles in ℝ2 and 𝕊2 are the minimizers of perimeter, among all clusters (Definition 2.3) enclosing the same triple of areas.

Unification defines a unified measurement that allows all configurations, regardless of areas, to compete together. Continuous unification proves that if a unified minimizer were better than expected, it would have to have at least one interior bubble component. Discrete unification proves there can only be one interior bubble and that it must be connected. This leaves only the “daisy” configurations: one interior bubble surrounded by an even number of “petals.” A more careful analysis also eliminates these, leaving only the standard triple bubbles as minimizers.

The result on the sphere is new; the result in the plane is due to Wichiramala [11]. The double bubble in the sphere was done by Masters [6].
A new indirect estimation of reference intervals: truncated minimum chi-square (TMC) approach
Authors: Wosniok Werner , Haeckel Rainer
Published: July 2019

All known direct and indirect approaches for the estimation of reference intervals (RIs) have difficulties in processing very skewed data with a high percentage of values at or below the detection limit. A new model for the indirect estimation of RIs is proposed, which can be applied even to extremely skewed data distributions with a relatively high percentage of data at or below the detection limit. Furthermore, it fits better to some simulated data files than other indirect methods. The approach starts with a quantile-quantile plot providing preliminary estimates for the parameters (λ, μ, σ) of the assumed power normal distribution. These are iteratively refined by a truncated minimum chi-square (TMC) estimation. The finally estimated parameters are used to calculate the 95% reference interval. Confidence intervals for the interval limits are calculated by the asymptotic formula for quantiles, and tolerance limits are determined via bootstrapping. If age intervals are given, the procedure is applied per age interval and a spline function describes the age dependency of the reference limits by a continuous function. The approach can be performed in the statistical package R and on the Excel platform.
Competencies for improving diagnosis: an interprofessional framework for education and training in health care
Authors: Olson Andrew , Rencic Joseph , Cosby Karen , Rusz Diana , Papa Frank , Croskerry Pat , Zierler Brenda , Harkless Gene , Giuliano Michael A. , Schoenbaum Stephen , Colford Cristin , Cahill Maureen , Gerstner Laura , Grice Gloria R. , Graber Mark L.
Published: July 2019

Background

Given an unacceptably high incidence of diagnostic errors, we sought to identify the key competencies that should be considered for inclusion in health professions education programs to improve the quality and safety of diagnosis in clinical practice.

Methods

An interprofessional group reviewed existing competency expectations for multiple health professions, and conducted a search that explored quality, safety, and competency in diagnosis. An iterative series of group discussions and concept prioritization was used to derive a final set of competencies.

Results

Twelve competencies were identified: Six of these are individual competencies: The first four (#1–#4) focus on acquiring the key information needed for diagnosis and formulating an appropriate, prioritized differential diagnosis; individual competency #5 is taking advantage of second opinions, decision support, and checklists; and #6 is using reflection and critical thinking to improve diagnostic performance. Three competencies focus on teamwork: Involving the patient and family (#1) and all relevant health professionals (#2) in the diagnostic process; and (#3) ensuring safe transitions of care and handoffs, and “closing the loop” on test result communication. The final three competencies emphasize system-related aspects of care: (#1) Understanding how human-factor elements influence the diagnostic process; (#2) developing a supportive culture; and (#3) reporting and disclosing diagnostic errors that are recognized, and learning from both successful diagnosis and from diagnostic errors.

Conclusions

These newly defined competencies are relevant to all health professions education programs and should be incorporated into educational programs.
Skeletal myopathies as a non-cardiac cause of elevations of cardiac troponin concentrations
Authors: Giannitsis Evangelos , Mueller Christian , Katus Hugo A.
Published: July 2019

Skeletal myopathies have been suggested as a non-cardiac cause of elevations of cardiac troponin (cTn), particularly cardiac troponin T (cTnT). This is of major clinical relevance and concern as cTn plays a major role in the early diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). While both the incidence as well as the true pathophysiology (cardiac versus non-cardiac) underlying elevations in cTn in skeletal myopathies remain largely unknown, re-expression of cTnT in regenerating adult skeletal muscle has been suggested as a possible contributor. However, unequivocal protein characterization in skeletal muscle and quantification of the relative amounts of this possible signal versus the cTn signal derived from true cardiomyocyte injury remains elusive. Alternatively, minor cross-reactivity of the cTnT (and possibly at times also cTnI) detection and capture antibodies used in current monoclonal immunoassays with the skeletal troponin T or I isoform may be considered. Both would represent “false positive” elevations from a clinical perspective and would need to be reliably differentiated from “true positive elevations” from subclinical cardiomyocyte injury not detectable by currently available imaging techniques such as echocardiography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which have at least a 5 times lower sensitivity for cardiomyocyte injury. This review aims to explore the currently available data, its methodological limitations and provide guidance to clinicians to avoid misinterpretation of cTn concentrations.
Contractor’s bid pricing strategy: a model with correlation among competitors’ prices
Authors: Jaśkowski Piotr , Czarnigowska Agata
Published: July 2019

The approach used by construction companies to determine bid prices is an element of their strategy used to win jobs in competitive tenders. Such strategies build upon an analysis of the contactor’s potential and capabilities (am I able to deliver? am I eligible to participate in the tender?), and the analysis of the economic environment, including the expected behavior of competitors. The tender strategy sets out both the guidelines and the procedure in deciding whether or not to bid as well as the rules for determining the price. The price, on the one hand, should be high enough to cover expected direct and indirect costs as well as risk-adjusted profit. On the other hand, it needs to be low enough to be considered most attractive (typically: the lowest) among the prices offered by the competitors. The paper focuses on the price definition component of the bidding strategy. It provides a brief overview of the existing methods that support bidding decisions by comparing their demand for input and limitations in practical applications and presents a simulation-based method supporting the determination of the profit ratio. This probabilistic method assumes the existence of a positive correlation between the prices offered by the competitors. Its application is illustrated by means of a numerical example. The outcomes of the simulation prompt the amount of the profit margin that maximizes the expected value of the contractor’s profit.
Metapragmatic comments in web-based intercultural peer evaluation
Authors: Liu Ping , You Xiaoye
Published: July 2019

Peer evaluation (PE) of student writings is increasingly conducted online these days, creating unique opportunities for intercultural communication. Adopting a socio-cognitive approach and drawing on data from an online exchange program between Chinese and American university students, the study examines how revision-oriented metapragmatic comments (MPCs) are used to adjust the salience of specific contextual factors in three dimensions: information (including socio-cultural, language, and writing knowledge), situational context, and interpersonal relations. The MPCs are found to have substantiated a host of pragmatic strategies, such as patterned moves, foregrounding or backgrounding information, evidentiality markers, dispreferred second turns, and highlighting group identity. Enhancing or degrading the salience of contextual factors, the MPCs facilitate the construction of a common ground between the Chinese and American students in terms of knowledge and personal affiliation. The use of revision-oriented MPCs in PE manifests the collaborative, mutually supportive nature of web-based intercultural communication.
The Impact of the Minimum Wage on Working Hours
Authors: Burauel Patrick , Caliendo Marco , Grabka Markus M. , Obst Cosima , Preuss Malte , Schröder Carsten
Published: July 2019

The present paper analyzes how the statutory minimum wage introduced on January 1, 2015, has affected working hours in Germany up to 2016. The data used come from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), which provides not only contractual working hours but also actual hours worked. Using a difference-in-differences estimation approach, we find a significant and robust reduction incontractualworking hours among employees who are subject to social security contributions and earned less than the minimum wage before the introduction. The effect in 2015 is about −5 % and corresponds to a 1.7 hours reduction in average weekly working hours. The effect on actual hours is smaller and estimated less precisely. Extending the analysis until 2016 does not yield significant effects on contractual or actual working hours, while some specifications reject the common trend assumption.
International Trade or Technology? Who is Left Behind and What to do about it
Authors: Harrison Ann
Published: July 2019

We examine globalization’s effects on those left behind in both industrial and emerging markets. While access to global markets has lifted billions out of poverty in emerging markets, the benefits have not been equally shared. Increased competition through globalization as well as skill-biased technical change have hurt less educated workers in rich and poor countries. While much of the rising inequality is often attributed to globalization alone, a brief review of the literature suggests that labor-saving technology has likely played an even more important role. The backlash has focused on the negative consequences of globalization in developed countries, and now threatens the global trading system and access to that system for emerging markets. We conclude by proposing some solutions to compensate losers from the twin forces of technical change and globalization.
Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity
Authors: Del-Río-Navarro Blanca E. , Miranda-Lora América L. , Huang Fengyang , Hall-Mondragon Margareth S. , Leija-Martínez José J.
Published: July 2019

Background

The beneficial effects of treating hypertriglyceridemic adults with omega-3 fatty acids have been reported. However, information regarding omega-3 treatment of pediatric patients is limited. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of administering omega-3 fatty acids (3 g/day for 12 weeks) to children/adolescents with obesity and hypertriglyceridemia.

Methods

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study involving pediatric patients (10–16 years old) with obesity and hypertriglyceridemia was conducted. The National Center for Health Statistics (CDC) defines obesity as a body mass index (BMI) ≥95th percentile. Subjects with triglyceride concentrations ranging from 150 to 1000 mg/dL were randomized into two groups: those receiving omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) (n = 65) and those receiving a placebo (n = 65) for 12 weeks. Serum triglyceride concentrations were always measured from 8 to 9 am after a 12-h fast.

Results

By the end of treatment, triglyceride concentrations had decreased by 39.1% in the omega-3 group and 14.6% in the placebo group (p < 0.01). The incidence of adverse gastrointestinal events (e.g. flatulence, belching) was 41.2% and 6.2% in the omega-3 and placebo groups, respectively (p < 0.01). There were no serious drug-related adverse events.

Conclusions

Supplementation with 3 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids is a safe and effective option for treating hypertriglyceridemia in children and adolescents with obesity.
A novel GATA6 variant in a boy with neonatal diabetes and diaphragmatic hernia: a familial case with a review of the literature
Authors: Gaisl Odile , Konrad Daniel , Joset Pascal , Lang-Muritano Mariarosaria
Published: July 2019

GATA6gene variants come along with possible features such as pancreas agenesis/hypoplasia, neonatal diabetes and congenital heart defect. Congenital hypothyroidism, and hepatobiliary and gut abnormalities are also detectable. Children with congenital heart defects and neonatal diabetes were already described in 1970. GATA6 variants can be due tode novovariants or due to inherited variants. To date, 11 cases due to an inherited variant have been described. Herein we present a novel heterozygous GATA6 variant (c.1291C > T p.[Gln431*]) in a boy with transient neonatal diabetes, diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart defect and early-onset scoliosis. The same variant was also present in the mother. At the age of 3 years, a random evaluation revealed a hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) level of 7.8% (62 mmol/mol) without any diabetes-related symptoms. He was started on insulin therapy and HbA1cnormalized. A short review of the literature of hereditary cases of the GATA6 variant revealed the variable phenotypic spectrum and showed that patients with a mild phenotype are likely to have children with a more severe phenotype.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain, phantom sensation, phantom and stump pain in veterans with unilateral below-knee amputation
Authors: Allami Mostafa , Faraji Elahe , Mohammadzadeh Fatemeh , Soroush Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2019

Background and aims

Many individuals with lower limb loss report concerns about other musculoskeletal symptoms resulting from amputation. The objective of this study was to assess chronic musculoskeletal pain in Iranian veterans with unilateral below-knee amputation.

Methods

The participants agreed to take part in a health needs assessment and were interviewed face-to-face by trained interviewers. The assessment consisted of demographic information, wearing a prosthesis, pain locations in extremities, stump complications, severity of pains related to amputation and low back pain.

Results

Of 247 unilateral below knee amputees, 97.9% wore a prosthetic limb and times walking or standing with the prosthesis were 12.47 ± 3.84 and 4.22 ± 3.53 h a day, respectively. Low soft tissue coverage of the stump (15.4%) and symptomatic osteoarthritis in the contralateral lower extremity (40.1%) were the most common complications. The prevalence of stump pain, phantom sensations, phantom pain, low back pain, and knee pain was 84.2%, 77.3%, 73.7%, 78.1%, and 54.7% respectively. The odds ratio of stump pain in amputees with phantom pain was 2.22 times higher than those who did not experience phantom pain [OR = 2.22 (CI: 1.19–4.17); p = 0.012] and the odds ratio of low back pain was higher in amputees with stump pain [OR = 3.06 (CI: 1.50–6.21); p = 0.002].

Conclusions

This research enhances our understanding of comorbid musculoskeletal problems in below-knee amputees which can help health providers to identify rehabilitation needs and emphasizes the importance of regular assessments.

Implications

These findings underline the importance of paying closer attention to different dimensions and aspects of musculoskeletal complications in veterans with unilateral below-knee amputation.
Exploding the 1950s Consumer Dream
Authors: Wills John
Published: July 2019

While the nuclear mushroom cloud rising above the Nevada desert is an iconic and familiar image, what went on beneath the cloud is hazier and less well understood. At the surface level nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site in the 1950s entailed extensive scientific, military, and social experiments. This article focuses on two projects overseen by the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA), Doom Town I and II, and their ties with 1950s cultural values and the consumer landscape. This article situates the two mock American townscapes as part of the cultural battlefield of the Cold War and explores how they served as powerful but also deeply flawed symbols of U.S. capitalism and a new suburban way of life.
Willingness to Pay to Overcome Pollution in Tapak River, Semarang
Authors: Susilowati Indah , Malik Hasmi Nurdinsyah , Choirunnisa A’yuni , Afifah Farah Aisha Nur , Niswah Ulfatun
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the level of Willingness to Pay of the community around TapakTugurejo Village, TuguSubdistrict, Semarang City in pollution prevention efforts on the Tapak River. This study offers a water purification model with the slow sands filtration method to improve water quality on the Tapak River. The analysis used was hypothetical market, Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the Willingness to Pay relationship with other influencing factors, such as income, education, and age. Data was obtained from 30 respondents who were residents in RW04 TapakTugurejo Village, Semarang. Sample collection used in this study was the strategic random sample method. Hypothetical Market Value of respondents determines the willingness to pay for river pollution prevention efforts. The results found that the average cost of willingness to pay (WTP) of respondents for river pollution prevention activities from 30 respondents was Rp. 14,000.00. The total cost of WTP per year must be paid by the community from the loss of mangroves in the Tugurejo Village with a population of 6,941 people, was Rp 97,174,000.00.
Forestry Sector Impact on the Economy of Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Kurnia Akhmad Syakir , Oktavilia Shanty , Prayogi Ryan
Published: July 2019

In 2016, the forestry sector produced a Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Rp. 3.8 trillion or around 0.45% of the total GRDP of the province of Central Java, Indonesia (BPS Central Java, 2017). The Forestry Sector growth has increased, but the role of the sector shows a downward trend in GRDP. By employing the Input-Output analysis, this study intends to identify the structure of the Central Java forestry sector, through backward and forward linkages and mapping the path of the impact of the forestry sector's economic activities through simulations, toward the economy and sectoral income levels in Central Java. This study finds that the forestry sector is intermediate ouput that is used by other sectors to become their production inputs, so this sector has a good multiplier for the economy.
Firms Bunching Response to Indonesian Income Tax Threshold
Authors: Nurfauzi Ekananda Anggih , Nuryakin Chaikal , Putra Bramastia Candra
Published: July 2019

Presumptive tax policy is implemented internationally in common in order to ease the SME’s tax administration. Firms have an opportunity to respond or not to a certain tax policy in order to get lower tax burdens. There is a presumptive tax policy implemented in Indonesia which affects firms’ behavior in gaining and reporting their incomes. Firms tend to choose to have their incomes below the threshold that has lower tax burdens. As a developing country, Indonesia has certain firms’ charactheristics and systems that differs from developed country’ firms so there is a necessity to know that the responses of Indonesian firms regarding the implementation of presumptive tax policy. This study aims to analyze firms’ responses regarding presumptive tax implementation especially in Indonesia with a certain threshold of IDR 4.8 billion since 2013. This study uses the bunching estimation method dan firms’ tax return data from 2011 to 2016, that differs from other studies in which use survey data. Our study concludes that the presumptive tax implementation based on turnover value induces negative bunching phenomenon in Indonesia due to the lower tax burden for firms whose turnover value is above the threshold. This negative bunching indicated by the results of significant bunching estimation analysis in the period after the presumptive tax policy implemented. In contrast to the developed country’ firms, Indonesian firms tend to stay above the threshold, rather than below, to gain lower tax burden.
Growth hormone upregulates the pro-tumorigenic galectin 1 in mouse liver
Authors: Bacigalupo María L , Piazza Verónica G , Cicconi Nadia S , Carabias Pablo , Bartke Andrzej , Fang Yimin , Sotelo Ana I , Rabinovich Gabriel A , Troncoso María F , Miquet Johanna G
Published: July 2019

Transgenic mice overexpressing growth hormone (GH) spontaneously develop liver tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), within a year. The preneoplastic liver pathology in these mice recapitulates that observed in humans at high risk of developing hepatic cancer. Although increased expression of galectin 1 (GAL1) in liver tissue is associated with HCC aggressiveness, a link between this glycan-binding protein and hormone-related tumor development has not yet been explored. In this study, we investigated GAL1 expression during liver tumor progression in mice continuously exposed to high levels of GH. GAL1 expression was determined by Western blotting, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry in the liver of transgenic mice overexpressing GH. Animals of representative ages at different stages of liver pathology were studied. GAL1 expression was upregulated in the liver of GH-transgenic mice. This effect was observed at early ages, when animals displayed no signs of liver disease or minimal histopathological alterations and was also detected in young adults with preneoplastic liver pathology. Remarkably, GAL1 upregulation was sustained during aging and its expression was particularly enhanced in liver tumors. GH also induced hepatic GAL1 expression in mice that were treated with this hormone for a short period. Moreover, GH triggered a rapid increment in GAL1 protein expression in human HCC cells, denoting a direct effect of the hormone on hepatocytes. Therefore, our results indicate that GH upregulates GAL1 expression in mouse liver, which may have critical implications in tumorigenesis. These findings suggest that this lectin could be implicated in hormone-driven liver carcinogenesis.
Integración de la gestión de la calidad con las buenas prácticas de manufactura en tres empresas farmacéuticas de inyectables de Bogotá, D.C.
Authors: Cárdenas Aristizábal Luz Adriana
Published: June 2019

Los laboratorios farmacéuticos en Colombia deben cumplir con reglamentaciones sanitarias tomadas de estándares internacionales, como las BPM, relacionadas con la producción y el control de calidad de los medicamentos. Sin embargo, en esas organizaciones se evidencia poca integración de los procesos. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue indagar la percepción de los empleados sobre el manejo actual de los sistemas de gestión en dichas organizaciones, las oportunidades de mejora y los aspectos de la gestión del riesgo y del conocimiento que aportan en la integración de esas normas para construir una propuesta de integración. Para ello se realizó un estudio mixto con alcance descriptivo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas al personal directivo y dos encuestas, una al personal de nivel táctico y otra al de nivel operativo. Se logró generar una propuesta de integración del sistema de gestión de la calidad con las BPM, la gestión del riesgo y la del conocimiento, basada en el PHVA. Se concluye que la gestión del conocimiento brinda un aporte en el adecuado funcionamiento de la gestión de la calidad y las BPM y que también la gestión del riesgo es un facilitador para el cumplimiento de los objetivos organizacionales y de calidad, cuando es enfocada en los aspectos más críticos de la organización y de los procesos de fabricación. De esta manera se aumenta la seguridad a los pacientes y disminuyen las reacciones adversas, quejas, desviaciones o los retiros de producto del mercado.
Plasma Membrane Integrity During Cell–Cell Fusion and in Response to Pore-Forming Drugs Is Promoted by the Penta-EF-Hand Protein PEF1 inNeurospora crassa
Authors: Schumann Marcel René , Brandt Ulrike , Adis Christian , Hartung Lisa , Fleißner André
Published: July 2019

In this study, Schumann et al. identify the penta-EF-hand protein PEF1 of the genetic model fungus Neurospora crassa as part of the cellular response to different types of membrane injury...

Plasma membrane damage commonly occurs during cellular growth and development. To counteract these potentially lethal injuries, membrane repair mechanisms have evolved, which promote the integrity of the lipid bilayer. Although the membrane of fungi is the target of important clinical drugs and agricultural fungicides, the molecular mechanisms which mediate membrane repair in these organisms remain elusive. Here we identify the penta-EF-hand protein PEF1 of the genetic model fungus Neurospora crassa as part of a cellular response mechanism against different types of membrane injury. Deletion of the pef1 gene in the wild type and different lysis-prone gene knockout mutants revealed a function of the protein in maintaining cell integrity during cell–cell fusion and in the presence of pore-forming drugs, such as the plant defense compound tomatine. By fluorescence and live-cell imaging we show that green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged PEF1 accumulates at the sites of membrane injury in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Site-directed mutagenesis identified Ca2+-binding domains essential for the spatial dynamics and function of the protein. In addition, the subcellular localization of PEF1 revealed that the syncytial fungal colony undergoes compartmentation in response to antifungal treatment. We propose that plasma membrane repair in fungi constitutes an additional line of defense against membrane-disturbing drugs, thereby expanding the current model of fungal drug resistance mechanisms.
Problemática y ordenamiento marino-costero en Costa Rica
Authors: González Carmen
Published: July 2019

Costa Rica cuenta con una amplia zona marino–costera que ha venido adquiriendo mayor importancia debido a las múltiples actividades que allí se llevan a cabo y al gran desarrollo turístico. En ella los aspectos biofísicos y las actividades humanas se relacionan en diferentes ámbitos de actuación en el tiempo y el espacio geográfico que deben analizarse de forma independiente y de un modo cuidadoso, por lo que se necesita desarrollar directrices nacionales para que se haga un ordenamiento del litoral, el cual debe surgir una vez que se tengan los estudios básicos que permitan conocer el medio y posteriormente ejecutar las medidas para desarrollarlo utilizándolo de una forma racional.
De la Universidad al mercado de trabajo: el caso de los egresados de la Universidad Michoacana
Authors: Zalapa Lúa Elsa Edith , Silva Riquer Jorge , Favila Tello Antonio
Published: July 2019

La inserción laboral es un indicador altamente valorado tanto en los estudios de egresados, como en las acreditaciones a las cuales se someten las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar tres dimensiones de la encuesta de egresados que se aplica en la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH) para dar cuenta sobre cómo es el tránsito de las personas egresadas una vez que concluyen sus estudios, hasta conseguir, o no, un empleo. El método es cuantitativo, el diseño es no experimental y de alcance descriptivo. En el estudio participaron 11.444 egresados solo del nivel superior. Un 44,5% reportó no tener empleo al momento de la aplicación y un 50,2% detalló que sí. La principal dificultad para conseguir empleo fue no estar titulado (30,2%), lo que influyó para conseguirlo fue la coincidencia en la formación con las necesidades de la empresa (80%). El ingreso mejoró para todos los campos formativos una vez que egresaron. La mayoría de los que laboran están ubicados en microempresas. En general, los egresados de esta universidad reportan porcentajes altos de satisfacción laboral, siendo el salario y la posición jerárquica alcanzada los aspectos en donde reportan menos satisfacción laboral. De los resultados de este tipo de estudios, se pueden establecer líneas de trabajo entre IES y representantes de la estructura productiva quienes tienen injerencia directa en la configuración de los mercados de trabajo. Ello con la finalidad de influir en el desarrollo al menos del contexto inmediato.
Estrategia didáctica para enseñar a planificar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la matemática
Authors: Pérez González Andel , Valdés Rojas Martha Beatriz , Garriga González Ana Teresa
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de estrategia didáctica para enseñar a planificar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Matemática a un futuro cuerpo docente de esta asignatura considerando el enfoque integrador de las habilidades: analizar metodológicamente unidades didácticas, diseñar sistemas de clases y planificar clases. Este resulta de una investigación cuantitativa en la que se fundamenta teóricamente la habilidad profesional planificar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Matemática, se presenta una estrategia didáctica diseñada con el objetivo de perfeccionar el proceso de formación y desarrollo de la mencionada habilidad profesional y se analizan los resultados de la aplicación de esta en la práctica.
Clima de enseñanza favorecedor del aprendizaje. Un estudio en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Atacama
Authors: Gonzalez Maura Viviana Lázara , López Rodriguez Alejandro , Valdivia Díaz Jorge Eduardo , Carvajal Cuello Karina
Published: July 2019

En el artículo se comentan los resultados de un estudio descriptivo acerca del clima de enseñanza-aprendizaje efectuado en una muestra representativa de estudiantes de segundo año de las carreras de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Atacama (UDA). Para este estudio se elaboró la Escala clima de enseñanza favorecedor del aprendizaje del estudiante universitario [ECEFAE] la cual consta de 12 variables y 60 indicadores con el propósito de conocer en qué medida, desde la percepción del estudiantado, el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje se corresponde con las características de una enseñanza centrada en el alumnado. Los resultados evidencian que el clima de enseñanza no favorece suficientemente el aprendizaje. Las variables mejor evaluadas, en un nivel medio de manifestación, fueron: aprendizaje autónomo, organización y disciplina y aprendizaje cooperativo mientras que las peor evaluadas en un nivel bajo: evaluación del aprendizaje, condiciones ambientales, vínculo teoría práctica-profesional. El estudio elaborado permitió constatar el valor metodológico de la técnica ECEFAE para el diagnóstico del clima de enseñanza-aprendizaje e identificar los factores que favorecen u obstaculizan el tránsito hacia una enseñanza centrada en el estudiantado en el segundo año de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UDA. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de contemplar, en investigaciones posteriores, la comparación de la mirada de docentes y estudiantes, y la combinación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas en los estudios de clima a fin de lograr una mayor profundización en el diagnóstico. Los resultados de este estudio se han tenido en cuenta en la superación pedagógica del personal docente.
El profesorado como mediador cognitivo y promotor de un aprendizaje significativo
Authors: Ferreira Marco , Olcina-Sempere Gustau , Reis-Jorge José
Published: July 2019

El artículo desarrolla la importancia de la mediación cognitiva efectuada por las y los profesores como recurso indispensable para el progreso de las y los alumnos en procesos de autonomía, metacognición y aprendizaje autorregulado, perfeccionando y regulando las estrategias de aprendizaje y fomentando nuevas formas de abordar las tareas escolares. Las prácticas y las experiencias de aprendizaje mediatizado valoran el aula donde se diferencian las situaciones de enseñanza y aprendizaje, donde todos las y los alumnos aprenden consecuentemente con propuestas pedagógicas y actividades adecuadas y desafiantes en un espacio en el que las y los alumnos y las y los profesores son colaboradores en el marco del proceso de aprendizaje. Nuestro punto de partida es el paradigma de aprendizaje socio-constructivista, donde la pedagogía está pensada para potenciar los aprendizajes de las y los alumnos en cuanto se los considera actores principales de su desarrollo intelectual. Este artículo está elaborado a partir de un análisis de constructos teóricos relevantes en el área de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.
PERDAMAIAN DALAM MENYELESAIKAN KEWARISAN
Authors: Khosyi’ah Siah
Published: July 2019

AbstrakHukum kewarisan Islam telah banyak ditinggalkan oleh masyara­kat Islam Indonesia baik langsung atau tidak langsung. Fenomena tersebut menggambarkan bahwa sudah terjadi pembi­asan terhadap rasa kea­dilan dalam menyelesaikan waris sesuai dengan hukum kewarisan Islam. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam al-Qur’an mengenai ayat-ayat kewarisan memerlukan pema­haman secara jelas sesuai dengan kondisi dan rasa keadilan dengan tetap mem­per­hatikan tujuan disyari'atkannya hukum Islam. Perda­maian dalam pem­bagian waris merupakan solusi terhadap persoalan yang dinilai dekat dengan rasa keadilan, sebab nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam perdamaian mengandung unsur kerelaan antar pihak-pihak dalam keluarga untuk menyelesaikan warisan disebabkan sesuai dengan kondisi riil ketika melakukan proses pembagian warisan.
PEMENUHAN KEWAJIBAN PASCA PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA
Authors: Ihwanudin Nandang
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPutusnya perkawinan karena putusan pengadilan mengakibatkan bebe­rapa akibat hukum lainnya, diantaranya berupa pembebanan kewajiban membayar nafkah ‘iddah, mut‘ah, maskan, kiswah, hadhanah, dan nafkah anak yang dibebankan kepada suami. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana ketika putusan pengadilan tidak dijalankan secara sukarela dan mencari solusi agar putusan tersebut bukan hanya sebagai keadilan semu tetapi dapat menjamin keadilan dan keman­faatan dari putusan tersebut secara real. Berdasarkan analisis penulis, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam hal putusan tentang kewajiban mantan suami tidak dijalankan secara sukarela maka dapat diajukan upaya permohonan eksekusi putusan ke Pengadilan Agama yang meme­riksa perkara tersebut. Permohonan tersebut dapat didasarkan pada hukum acara peradilan umum yaitu pasal 197 HIR atau 207-208 RBg. Upaya tersebut dapat dilakukan pihak mantan isteri meskipun hasilnya berdasarkan penilaian majlis hakim yang memeriksa perkara tersebut.
TINJAUAN HUKUM AKAD SYARI’AH TERHADAP MULTI AKAD (AL-‘UQUD AL-MURAKKABAH) DALAM LINGKUP AKAD MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISHAH
Authors: A.S. Nurlailiyah
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPembagian akad dilihat dari segi jumlah akad yang digunakan dalam suatu transaksi dapat dibagi menjadi dua, yakni akad basith (tunggal) dan akad murakkab (akad majemuk). Bentuk-bentuk akad basith sebagaimana yang kita kenal seperti jual beli, sewa menyewa, hutang piutang, musyarakah dan lain sebagainya. Musyarakah merupakan salah satu bentuk akad kerjasama yang termasuk golongan akad tunggal. Ciri khas kerjasama dalam musyarakah yakni adanya penyertaan modal dari para pihak yang berserikat. Seiring perkembangan zaman, akad musyarakah yang diterapkan diperbankan juga senantiasa berkembang. Dalam lembaga keuangan syari’ah kini dikenal sistem musyarakah mutanaqishah. Sistem ini menggunakan akad syirkah dalam hal penyertaan modal dari masing-masing pihak yang berserikat, kemudian diakhiri dengan kepemilikan salah satu pihak yang berserikat. Terkait hal ini pendapat para ulama terbagi menjadi dua, sebagaian ulama membolehkan dan sebagian lain melarangnya.
ARAH DAN KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN NOMOR 15/POJK.04/2015 TENTANG PENERAPAN PRINSIP SYARIAH DI PASAR MODAL
Authors: Suhendar Heris
Published: July 2019

AbstrakSejak tahun 1997, pasar modal syariah Indonesia terus tumbuh dan berkembang yang ditandai dengan semakin banyaknya produk syariah, terbitnya regulasi terkait pasar modal syariah, dan semakin bertambah­nya masyarakat yang mengenal dan peduli pasar modal syariah.  Peraturan terkait pasar modal syariah diterbitkan pertama kali pada tahun 2006, yaitu Peraturan No. IX.A.13 tentang Penerbitan Efek Syariah dan Peraturan No. IX.A.14 tentang Akad-akad yang Digunakan dalam Penerbitan Efek. Selanjutnya pada tahun 2007 diterbitkan Peraturan No. II.K.1 tentang Kriteria dan Penerbitan Daftar Efek Syariah. Seluruh peraturan tersebut memuat ketentuan khusus terkait dengan peme­nuhan prinsip syariah di pasar modal yang diadopsi dari fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN). Kemudian pada tahun 2015, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan mengeluarkan Peraturan Nomor 15/POJK.04/2015 terkait dengan Penerapan Prinsip Syariah di Pasar Modal. Peraturan OJK tersebut mengarah kepada: 1) penguatan kerangka hukum untuk penerbitan efek syariah; 2) mengupayakan insentif untuk produk syariah; 3) memperkuat peran pelaku pasar di pasar modal syariah; dan 4) memperkuat landasan hukum bagi transaksi efek syariah. Pada saat Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan ini mulai berlaku, angka 1 Peraturan Nomor IX.A.13 tentang Penerbitan Efek Syariah, Lampiran Keputusan Ketua Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal dan Lembaga Keuangan Nomor: Kep-181/BL/2009 tanggal 30 Juni 2009 tentang Penerbitan Efek Syariah dicabut dan dinyatakan tidak berlaku.
STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN DANA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DI BAZNAS KOTA BANDUNG DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN UMAT
Authors: Setiawan Iwan
Published: July 2019

AbstrakZakat disalurkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan produksi para mustahik, namun kesejahteraan umat dapat tercapai jika zakat didayagunakan untuk kebutuhan produktif. Pemberdayaan zakat di BAZNAS Kota Bandung dilakukan dengan cara menyalurkan dana zakat untuk kebutuhan yang bersifat konsumtif dan produktif. Pemberdayaan dana zakat untuk konsumtif disalurkan melalui berbagai bidang yaitu bidang kesehatan, pendidikan, sosial dakwah dan fuqara. Sedangkan pemberdayaan zakat produktif disalurkan melalui bidang ekonomi yang meliputi pemberian modal bergulir kepada mustahik dan pelatihan keterampilan. Strategi pemberdayaan dana zakat produktif di BAZNAS Kota Bandung dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu: 1) meningkatkan kuantitas jumlah dana yang diberikan dan mengurangi jumlah mustahik; 2) melakukan kerjasama dengan lembaga keuangan; dan 3) melakukan analisis kelayakan usaha sebelum pencairan dana. Pemberdayaan zakat yang dilakukan BAZNAS Kota Bandung termasuk ke dalam kategori pendayagunaan konsumtif tradisional, konsumtif kreatif dan produktif kreatif. Berdasarkan data penerimaan dan pengeluaran zakat dari tahun 2008 s.d. 2010, penggunaan zakat produktif masih relatif kecil dibandingkan untuk konsumtif. Alokasi dana untuk kegiatan yang bersifat konsumtif sebesar 83.3%. Sedangkan alokasi dana untuk kegiatan produktif hanya sebesar 16.7% saja. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kebijakan baru untuk meningkatkan proporsi pendayagunaan dana zakat produktif, sehingga hasilnya benar-benar sesuai dengan fungsi zakat yaitu meningkatkan perekonomian umat.
PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM UMER CHAPRA (Studi Analisi Terhadap Sistem Ekonomi Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, dan Negara Sejahtera)
Authors: Mulyadi Dedi
Published: July 2019

AbstrakTulisan ini memaparkan pemikiran ekonomi Islam kontemporer melalui pen­dekatan mazhab mainstream, penganut mazhab ini salah satu­nya Umer Chapra. Pendekatan mazhab mainstream ini lebih dikenal dengan cara memadukan antara teori ekonomi konven­sional dengan teori ekonomi Islam. Melalui penelitian dan analisisnya, Umer Chapra mengkritisi sistem-sistem ekonomi kon­vensional, seperti kapitalisme, sosialisme, dan negara sejahtera. Ia menyebutkan bahwa ketiga sistem tersebut belum mampu menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan ekonomi dalam suatu negara. Ini terbukti dari ketiga sistem di atas masih mem­punyai kelemahan-kelemahan, baik yang disadari maupun yang tidak disadari oleh pencetus sistem ekonomi tersebut. Akan tetapi, Umer Chapra tidak memusnahkan semua teori-teori yang pernah dibangun oleh para ekonom konvensional sebelumnya, namun Umer Chapra melalui pendekatannya ia memadukan antara teori ekonomi konven­sional dengan teori ekonomi Islam, sehingga lahirlah yang disebut dengan mazhab mainstream.
PENGARUH CAR, NPF, DAN FDR TERHADAP ROA BANK MEGA SYARI’AH PERIODE MARET 2007 – DESEMBER 2014
Authors: Mudzakir Ahmad
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), dan Financing to Defosit Ratio (FDR) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) baik secara parsial maupun simultan pada Bank Mega Syariah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah rasio keuangan Bank Mega Syariah. Data sampel adalah rasio CAR, NPF, FDR, dan ROA yang diambil dari laporan keuangan triwulanan yang dipublikasikan pada situs resmi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan periode Maret 2007 sampai Desember 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Teknik analisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan uji asumsi klasik seperti uji normalitas, heteroskedastisitas, multikolinearitas dan autokorelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial CAR berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ROA, NPF berpengaruh negatif tapi tidak signifikan terhadap ROA, sementara FDR berpengaruh positif tapi tidak signifikan terhadap ROA. Secara simultan  CAR, NPF dan FDR ber­pengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA.
Apakah Ekspresi Cinta Memprediksi Perasaan Dicintai? Kajian Bahasa Cinta Pasif dan Aktif
Authors: Surijah Edwin Adrianta , Sabhariyanti Ni Kadek Prema Dewi , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: June 2019

This research aims to discuss theories of Love especially in typology perspective which included current Five Love Languages (FLL) theory. This research also examined whether someone who feels loved based on a certain aspect of FLL would also express love in a similar fashion. FLL scale was divided into passive (felt love) and active (express love) form. 637 participants who were/are in a romantic relationship responded to both scales. Regression analysis examined the contribution from each of active FLL aspect toward passive FLL aspects. The result showed passive FLL was determined by active FLL expression and similar passive-active aspects showed the strongest relationship. The result brought implication to future study and on how to better understand a couple’s need to feel loved.
Interactions in psychiatric care consultation in Akan speaking communities
Authors: Amfo Nana Aba Appiah , Houphouet Ekua Essumanma , Dordoye Eugene K. , Thompson Rachel
Published: July 2019

The present paper examines interactions in psychiatric care consultation in selected hospital settings in three Akan-speaking communities in Ghana, based on 45 audio-recorded doctor/nurse-patient interactions. Using a discourse pragmatics approach, we note how language is used in the management of communication in psychiatric consultations, and how the dominance of healthcare practitioners is enacted. Specifically, we focus on some of the strategies used by the participants to manage the multilingual communicative settings, such as code-mixing. Our findings also suggest that the use of proverbs as a diagnostic tool in psychiatric consultations in Ghana needs to be reviewed. We propose that in order for patients to experience consultation sessions that are more interactive, with possible therapeutic benefits, health practitioners need to make considerable efforts to involve the patients in decisions regarding their health.
Getting to ‘no’
Authors: Andersen Elisabeth Muth , Rasmussen Gitte , Brouwer Catherine E. , Isaksen Jytte
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to describe the interactional processes through which a medical professional and a patient collaboratively accomplish filling out answers to a questionnaire. Empirical analysis of three different sequences from a video-recorded doctor-patient interaction in which questions of a questionnaire were answered with a ‘no' reveals three different ways (or methods) in which doctor and patient accomplish this jointly. Applying ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) as our methodological framework, we conclude that the three interactional practices are fitted in relation to the constraints of the interview that is itself methodically aligned to the practices and organizational structures of the institution, a Danish hospital. Furthermore, we make the case that questionnaires are designed as idealizations of question-answer sequences, and as such do not operate at the same level of detail as the actual question-answer situation. Details that are crucial for the objective of the questionnaire (in this case providing information to a third party) may not be included in the recorded answer. Thus, we argue that in order to understand the informational value of recorded answers in questionnaires, we need to diagnose the interaction in which they were produced, i.e. to critically examine it.