bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trayectorias tecnológicas en la cadena de valor agroalimentaria en España: una metaevaluación (2016-2020)
Authors: Plaza Llorente Jesús Manuel
Published: July 2022

Aplicando metodología de metaevaluación, en este artículo se investiga la existencia y categorización de trayectorias tecnológicas en 254 proyectos de investigación cooperativa pertenecientes a la cadena de valor agroalimentaria que han sido objeto de apoyo por un programa público en España, entre 2016 y 2020. Mediante análisis estadístico, clasificación cluster K-means y modelización econométrica, se han identificado cinco trayectorias tecnológicas, representativas de opciones de innovación en agricultura y agroindustria, vinculadas a la producción de materias primas, transformación industrial, empleo de servicios avanzados, gestión de subproductos, residuos y comercialización y gestión de regadíos. Las conclusiones de este trabajo afirman las posibilidades de la metaevaluación para investigar realidades complejas y, en el caso estudiado, la utilidad de definir trayectorias tecnológicas como elemento para diseñar nuevas políticas de incentivos públicos y, de forma particular, los que deban apoyar la innovación tecnológica en la agricultura y la transformación alimentaria en la perspectiva de cumplimiento de los objetivos de cambio climático 2050.
Turismo: el discurso (re)producido por un periódico en Puerto Vallarta y Bahía de Banderas
Authors: Carvalho Fabíola Cristina Costa de
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article was to analyse the discourse with respect to tourism as enunciated by an online newspaper over the period from 2013 to 2018 for the region of Puerto Vallarta (Jalisco) and Bahía de Banderas (Nayarit) ‑ México. The French approach to discourse analysis was used as a conceptual frame‑ work and technique. Specifically, the discursive and ideological formations were identified from the catego‑ ries: lexical selection, themes, figures, space‑time relationship, inter‑discourses and silences. Methodologi‑ cally, 722 news articles were analysed. The results underline the reproduction of themes and figures of neo‑ liberal inter‑discourse, (re)affirming the political strategies of the national government. There is no conflict with the institutional discourse with an almost total absence of analysis of the impacts of tourism on the social reality of this area.
Análisis del potencial aviturístico del Parque Provincial de la Familia, Ambato‐Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Ambato (Ecuador), Romo Rojas Mario Giovanni
Published: July 2022

The present study is aimed at analysing the characteristics of the birds in the Parque Provincial de la Familia (Ambato, Ecuador) and exploring its potential as a place to practise birdwatching and environ‑ mental conservation. The study involved non‑experimental, longitudinal, cross‑sectional, exploratory, and descriptive research design. Nine counting points were established for each area. Through the application of a survey, tourists expressed their predisposition or not towards carrying out birdwatching activities in the park. The results showed a total of 16 families and 34 species of birds, evidencing the presence of four rare species and four migratory species. It established that visitors were unaware of the biological importance of the birds within the ecosystem but were willing to learn more about the natural history of the species. In conclusion, the park shows great potential for bird watching and could become a natural refuge for this taxonomic group
En busca de la marca ciudad: el caso de Ambato
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Ambato (Ecuador), Morocho-Belmuda Jorge Adriano , Jiménez Sánchez Álvaro ,   Universidad de Valladolid (España), Barrios-Mesa Reinier
Published: July 2022

When promoting tourism in a locality, it is advisable to previously create a brand‑personality. This research focuses on Ambato in order to find a brand with which to transmit an image that allows it to promote itself. A questionnaire was provided to more than 300 people to find out their beliefs and knowledge about the city and the people of Ambato. The objective was to find the basic components with which to create an Ambato brand. The results describe various elements with which to identify the city. Differences are found in the image that visitors and residents have of the city of Ambato based on gender, age, purchasing power and origin (from inside or outside Ambato). It is concluded that it is not possible to speak of a single Ambato brand, but that the different types of citizens must be taken into account in order to create a heterogeneous and genuine brand.
Literary Cinematic Tourism: New clues of the Brazilian Literature influences on Film Tourism development in Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil), Elicher Maria Jaqueline , Fraga Carla C. L. ,   Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil)
Published: July 2022

The relationship between cinema and literature is permanent from film’s beginnings, with film adaptations stealing fire from great works. This paper analyses the relationship between film and tourism, focusing on the role of Brazilian literature’s influences in this context. Storytelling as a tool and the relevance of “travel with a purpose” are additional subjects discussed in relation to this type of tourism. This is an exploratory study that uses textual analysis (word clouds and similarity analysis). The textual corpus is formed by the synopsis of films based on Brazilian literature (n=25). The results show new clues for the understanding of a promising market niche in audiovisual tourism in Brazil: Literary Film Tourism (LCT in Brazilian).
Desarrollo del turismo sanmartiniano. Valoración turística de recursos y atractivos culturales
Authors:   Universidad del Aconcagua (Argentina), Navarro -Drazich Diego , Rizzo Giuliana ,   Universidad del Aconcagua (Argentina)
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research is to ascertain the level of development of tourist resources and attrac‑ tions in General San Martín in the Argentinian province of Mendoza. To this end, an assessment of tourist resources using the variables of conservation and size was carried out together with an evaluation of the possibility of attractions being easily converted for tourism. Visitors’ opinions were also considered. The resources were then classified according to their development and/or promotion needs, and the degree of conversion required. Polarised qualifications were obtained on the assessment of these tourist resources: one half with a high score and the other low‑scoring. Regarding the level of development, it turned out that half of the resources were already developed, a third semi‑developed and a fifth underdeveloped. In addition, it was observed that the most valuable resources coincided with those set up by the State and with those most appreciated by visitors.
La adquisición de bienes inmuebles por compradores extranjeros en zonas costeras y fronterizas de México (2008‐2019)
Authors: Colorado Giraldo Andrés
Published: July 2022

Numerous studies discuss the impact generated by the influx of foreign buyers onto the real estate markets of coastal and tourist towns. However, estimates on the number of buyers, their degree of concentration in the territory, the type and size of the property acquired, are hard to calculate due to both conceptual difficulties and empirical limitations. This work examines the market of foreign buyers in the coastal and border areas of Mexico from a quantitative approach based on the records of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) from 2008‑2019. The analysis reveals a high concentration of foreign buyers in a group of localities as well as variations between destinations regarding buyers’ nationality and the average area of the purchased property. These findings contribute to the discussion on the “alienation” of local space from different perspectives such as residential tourism, north‑south migration and land grabbing.
The effect of environmentally‐friendly practices on hotel customers: The case of Trabzon, Turkey
Authors:   Gümüşhane University (Turquia), Çalık İsmail
Published: July 2022

The goal of this study is to find out how green product quality, green hotel image, green customer satisfaction, and green customer loyalty are interconnected. Customers staying in green hotels in Trabzon make up the population of the study. The survey approach was utilized to collect the data used in the study. The convenience sampling method was utilized in the study, and 304 people were contacted. Prior to arriving at the hospitality facility, approximately two‑thirds of the participants did not know whether the facility was an environmentally‑friendly hotel. Green product quality, green customer satisfaction, and green customer loyalty are all positively related, according to the findings. Furthermore, there is a relationship among green corporate image, green customer satisfaction, and green customer loyalty. Finally, enhancing green consumer satisfaction increases green customer loyalty.
LEGAL CERTAINTY AS AN ATTRIBUTE OF TAX RELATIONS
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia, Gorodilov M. A.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The problem of ensuring the legal certainty of tax legislation, despite the decrease in the total number of tax disputes considered in arbitration courts of the judicial system of the Russian Federation during the period from 2015 to 2019, is still relevant, since in practice there are still cases of unsettled provisions of the legislation on taxes and fees that cause disputes between taxpayers and tax authorities. Based on the analysis of the theoretical provisions reflected in the works of modern scientists, as well as the positions of the highest judicial instances, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that legal certainty is the most important attribute of tax relations in a market economy. Affecting important areas of life of a modern economic society, the principle of legal certainty in the field of tax legislation ensures the predictability of the behavior of participants in public legal relations related to the provision of income in the financial system of the state, as well as the equality of business entities in determining a fair level of tax burden. Together, this ensures the economic, social and political stability of the state foundations. In turn, the problem of legal uncertainty can cause excessive pressure on market participants caused by excessive claims from the fiscal authorities. Being uncertain or insufficiently certain, tax and legal regulation is not able to perform the function of distributing the burden of public spending on the basis of the principles of justice, equality and universality, and, therefore, losing the corresponding qualitative characteristics, it turns into its direct opposite — into a mechanism of quasi-legal withdrawal private property without proper legal grounds and with unclear purposes. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the works of leading domestic and foreign scientists, economists and jurists, who consider the legal certainty of tax legislation through the prism of public law and socio-economic relations, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, foreign countries, analytical data of the Federal Tax Service, analytical and information materials published in Russian and foreign periodicals and presented on the Internet, materials of judicial practice. General scientific methods of cognition were used as research tools: observation, abstraction, deduction and induction, comparative analysis, data grouping, generalization of theoretical and factual material. The conclusions made by the author of this article are the basis for the subsequent consideration of a specific practical situation of the existing legal uncertainty in tax legislation on the example of the issue related to the issuance of corrective and (or) corrected invoices when calculating value added tax when selling goods (works, services) , with the personal participation of the author as a specialist in the case considered by the arbitration court, which will be presented in the next work.
STRATEGIC POTENTIAL OF DIGITAL PLATFORMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ACCELERATION AND VENTURE INVESTMENTS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Khvorostyanaya A. S. , Rozhdestvensky I. V. ,   Association of Innovation and Technology Brokers, Moscow, Russia, Filimonov A. V. ,   National Association of Technology Transfer, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2022

Abstract. One of the strategic priorities for the development of large companies is the growth of innovation, as they provide companies with long-term competitive advantages. Working with third-party developers allows corporations to get the development they need at a relatively mature stage, when the main technical risks have already been removed. At the same time, corporations are not ready to finance early-stage developments, while venture investors in Russia mainly finance projects already at the revenue stage. In this regard, the main purpose of this article is to consider a possible mechanism for solving this problem using digital platforms based on distributed ledger technology in the part that relates to smart contracts, as well as a platform for semi-automatic examination of projects using the technology readiness assessment methodology. The creation of digital platforms is due not only to the growth of corporate interests, but also to the increased development of the global and regional trend — digitalization. The article presents and summarizes various digital platforms that can be used by companies to develop a funnel of innovative proposals, that is, industrial acceleration. For this purpose, the methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction are used in the article. The key result of this article is the identified tools of digital platforms, which can reduce the systemic and non-systemic risks of strategic investment. The platform for accelerating projects based on distributed ledger technology makes it possible to achieve transparency of transactional operations by fixing the client path, and the platform for assessing the level of readiness and auditing projects based on the methodology for assessing technological readiness solves the problem of balancing the interests of different market actors and optimizes the process of building tactical tasks. These models of digital platforms can be practically implemented in the activities of various market actors and make it easier for them to determine strategic goals and select quantitative and qualitative tasks for their implementation. Further research may be devoted to the analysis of the best practices for the creation and development of such digital platforms, strategic typology, and the study of industry effects of the use of digital platforms.
The Use of Camtasia Video, Youtube, and WhatsApp in Online Teaching During Pandemic Situation
Authors: Chasanatun Tri Wahyuni , Lestari Sri
Published: July 2022

The aims of this article is to discuss about the implementation of Camtasia and YouTube in Teaching Writing for English Department Students. The problem of the writer in teaching writing for first semester of English Department students in this pandemic situation is online learning media. Not only learning media, but also for the students who lives in rural area are faced the difficulties to get the internet connection easily if the online learning done through Google meet or Zoom. In order to solve that problem, the writer proposes Camtasia, YouTube, and also WhatsApp to deliver the learning material.  Camtasia, YouTube, and WhatsApp is an application that can be used as a learning media. Camtasia itself is used to record the material in the form of video or PPT presentation. After finish recording the material, the Camtasia Video can be shared to the students through YouTube Channel. Then the last step is shared the link through WhatsApp group and continued with discussion session. The Subject of this research is first semester students of English Department Program. The research is done start from August to December 2020. This research is qualitative research. The data for this research are taken form the observation and also interview. The results of this research are: After the implementation of Camtasia, you tube link, and also create the discussion on WA group, more than 95% students are able to write with correct punctuation and use capital letter in their sentences, especially in the beginning of their sentence. Moreover, the students are also able to make a sentences with good arrangement by choosing effective words and appropriate order. Only 3 students who still difficult to develop their idea on writing in a good organization, grammatical order, and content.
The Effect of Communication Behavior on Communication Convergence Increasing the Capacity of Horticultural Farmers in Pekanbaru City
Authors: Medta Melati Gadis , Yulida Roza , Arifudin Arifudin
Published: July 2022

The convergence era has pushed the process of telecommunications globalization and information services, which has made all forms of information possible. An understanding of the use of communication media and the factors of communication behavior needs to be done so that farmers can take advantage of access to information appropriately in increasing farmers self-capacity. This study aims to: (1) describe the elements of communication, communication behavior, and communication convergence to increase the capacity of horticultural farmers in Pekanbaru. (2) Analyzing the factors that influence the communication behavior of horticultural farmers. (3) Analyzing the effect of communication behavior on communication convergence towards increasing the capacity of horticultural farmers. The research data was collected using a questionnaire through interviews with 161 respondents of horticultural farmers who are members of farmer groups. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis using SEM LISREL. The results of SEM analysis show the factors that influence communication behavior significantly and positively by external characteristics and communication media. Then communication behavior has a significant and positive effect on communication convergence to increase the capacity of horticultural farmers.
Strategi Adaptasi Petani Padi Lahan Basah (Suboptimal) pada Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Kelurahan Keramasan Kecamatan Kertapati Kota Palembang Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Arbi Muhammad , Junaidi Yulian , Januarti Indri
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-economic conditions of the community and analyze the adaptation strategies carried out by rice farmer households in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in Keramasan Village, Kertapati District, Palembang City. This study uses a survey method by conducting in-depth interviews with a number of rice farmer households affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with a total of 30 respondents and taken purposively. The results of the study related to the social conditions of rice farmers on sub-optimal land in Keramasan Village include age, gender, educational background, number of family members, farming experience, and the distance between the location of the farm and the farmer's residence. The adaptation strategy carried out by some rice farming households in Keramasan Village during the pandemic period included physical, social, and economic strategies. Physical strategies include always wearing a mask when traveling to the city, taking a shower immediately after returning from activities (work), reducing mobility to the city, providing handwashing and soap in front of the house, not selling crops to collectors who come from outside, join the vaccination program. The social strategies carried out include reducing gathering activities, delaying or not holding large-scale celebration events, not doing halal bil halal as usual during Eid, and always monitoring the development of information about the COVID-19 pandemic in the mass media. Economic strategies undertaken include increasing income from work outside of farming, reducing household expenditures, increasing farm productivity, and increasing the percentage of farm produce for own consumption compared to the amount sold.
AKTIVITAS PREBIOTIK POLISAKARIDA LARUT AIR BIJI DURIAN IN VITRO PADA Lactobacillus plantarum, L. acidophilus dan Bifidobacterium longum
Authors: Purwadani Ledy , Imelda Fenny , Darus Libertus
Published: July 2022

Durian seeds are waste from durian fruit that has not been utilized optimally. Durian seed waste has a carbohydrate content of 46.2% and allows it to be used as a new prebiotic source, including the possibility of oligosaccharide compounds and water soluble polysaccharide compounds (PLA). The aim of this study was to determine the prebiotic activity of crude extract of PLA in probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacteria longum in vitro. The durian seeds used come from the Karangan Hall obtained from the Mawar Market in Pontianak. This study consists of several stages, namely: 1) Extraction of crude extract of PLA durian seeds; 2) Potential testing of prebiotics in PLA durian seeds; and 3) Calculating the value of prebiotic activity of PLA durian seeds. The results showed that the yield of durian seed PLA was 1.59%, with the value of prebiotic activity against bacteria L. acidophilus (0.547), L. plantarum (0,921), and B.longum (0,187). PLA durian seeds have been applied to synbiotic drinks. PLA durian seeds have the potential as a prebiotic source and can be applied to synbiotic drinks.
Understanding the Experience of Vulnerabilities within Migrant Workers - A Focus on the Vulnerabilities Experiences of Migrant Workers Influenced by the Positioning of Working and Dwelling Places -
Authors:   Institute For Kyeongki Cultural Studies, Kim SuJeong
Published: July 2022

This study explores how the marginalized positionalities and rural social contexts of migrant workers from the agricultural sector impact the creation of their experienced vulnerabilities. The results of the study are as follows: first, the workers’ vulnerabilities depend on different intermediaries and their roles in the process of placement. Second, each experience varies in accordance with the legal status of employment and individuals’ competitiveness in the job market during the migration process. Third, the discrepancy between the institutional employment system and substantial agricultural practices brings about a nominal contract, increasing the vulnerability of migrant workers in their working and dwelling places. Lastly, the weak social relations of workers among and beyond themselves are caused by remote working and dwelling places distant from downtown and poor mobile infrastructures; this alienation results in migrant workers facing other vulnerabilities due to a lack of constant social support.
King Jeongjo’s Geographical Policy Questions and Dasan Jeong’s Geographical Strategies in 18th Century Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   Institute For Kyeongki Cultural Studies, Jeon Jong-Han
Published: July 2022

In the late 18th century, King Jeongjo's geographical policy questions[地理策問] and Dasan Jeong Yak-yong's geographical strategies as answers of those questions were important materials that explicitly show the traditional geography discourse, such as the geography concept and geography thoughts of the ruling class in the late Joseon Dynasty. King Jeongjo's geographical policy questions includes seven questions such as the definition of geography, the reason for the existence of geography, the shape of the earth's surface, the division plan for the national territory for national prosperity, historical examination of the land area and major geographical names, and the management plan for the country's abundant products, customs, and resources, geography as a fundamental science of politics, and the direction of compilation of geography of the land. Dasan defines geography as a field that studies the human-nature relationship according to the five geographic environments, while arguing for the reason for the existence of geography as the king's discipline for national management. In this way, Dasan answered each question based on a variety of ancient oriental geography books, his extensive geographic informations, and historical geographies of the country. In the discourse of traditional geography between king Jeongjo and Dasan, the discipline of geography that thinks about the realization of social justice and humanistic politics[文治], the search for geography that breaks away from feng shui[風水] and the waters sutra[水經] that should be published to be paired with the geography book, and the need for mapping for completeness was discussed. The geography discourse between king Jeongjo and Dasan is also a reminder of the aspect of scientific geography that appeared in the early days of Western modern geography.
Metal Nanoparticle-Decorated Germanane for Selective Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Ni Chuyi , Chevalier Madison , Veinot Jonathan G. C.
Published: July 2022

Two dimensional materials such as germanane have attracted substantial research interest due to their unique chemical, optical, and electronic properties. A variety of methods for introducing diverse functionalities to their surfaces have been reported and these materials have been exploted as photocatalysts. Herein, we report the preparation of metal nanoparticle (Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) decorated germanane (M@GeNSs) via a facile surface mediated reduction and investigate their structure, composition, as well morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These functional materials were subsequently explored as photocatalysts for selective visible light-induced oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde as freestanding nanosystems and thin films and a reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol is proposed.
Preparation of Highly Reactive Lithium Metal Dendrites for the Synthesis of Organolithium Reagents
Authors: Crockett Michael , Aguirre Lupita , Jimenez Leonel , Hsu Han-Hsiang , Thomas Andy
Published: July 2022

A long-standing problem in the area of organolithium chemistry has been the need for a highly reactive Li–metal source that mimics Li–powders but has the advantage of being freshly prepared from inexpensive and readily available Li–sources. Here we report a simple and convenient activation method using liquid ammonia that furnishes a new Li–metal source in the form of crystalline Li–dendrites. The Li–dendrites were shown to have ca 100 times greater surface area than conventional Li–sources created by prototypical mechanical activation methods. Concomitant with the surface area increase, the Li–dendrites are 19 times more reactive than Li–powders which are currently the industry standard for the preparation of organolithium compounds. These features were leveraged for the reproducible synthesis of organolithium reagents over a range of common laboratory scales.
Phosphine-stabilized hidden ground states in gold clusters investigated via a Au_n(PH_3)_m database
Authors: McCandler Caitlin , Dahl Jakob , Persson Kristin
Published: July 2022

Nanoclusters are promising materials for catalysis and sensing owing to their large surface areas and unique electronic structures which can be tailored through composition, geometry, and chemistry. However, relationships correlating synthesis parameters directly to outcomes are limited. While previous computational studies have mapped the potential energy surface of specific systems of bare nanoclusters by generating and calculating the energies of reasonable structures, it is known that environmental ions and ligands crucially impact the final shape and size. In this work, phosphine-stabilized gold is considered as a test system and DFT calculations are performed for clusters with and without ligands, producing a database containing >10,000 structures for Au_n(PH_3)_m, (n ≤ 12). We find that the ligation of phosphines affects the thermodynamic stability, bonding, and electronic structure of Au nanoclusters, specifically such that ‘hidden’ ground state cluster geometries are stabilized that are dynamically unstable in the pure gold system. Further, the addition of phosphine introduces steric effects that induce a transition from planar to non-planar structures at 4-5 Au atoms rather than up to 13-14 Au atoms as previously predicted for bare clusters. This work highlights the importance of considering the ligand environment in the prediction of nanocluster morphology and functionality, which adds complexity as well as a rich opportunity for tunability.
Multivariate Imaging for Fast Evaluation of in Situ Dark Field Microscopy Hyperspectral Data
Authors: Diehn Sabrina , Schlaad Helmut , Kneipp Janina
Published: July 2022

Dark field scattering microscopy can create large hyperspectral data sets that contain a wealth of information on the properties and the molecular environment of noble metal nanoparticles. For a quick screening of samples of microscopic dimensions that contain many different types of plasmonic nanostructures, we propose a multivariate analysis of data sets of thousands to sever-al hundreds of thousands of scattering spectra. By using non-negative matrix factorization for decomposing the spectra, components are identified that represent individual plasmon reso-nances and relative contributions of these resonances to particular microscopic focal volumes in the mapping data sets. Using data from silver and gold nanoparticles in the presence of different molecules, including gold nanoparticle-protein agglomerates or silver nanoparticles forming aggregates in the presence of acrylamide, plasmonic properties are observed that differ from those of the original nanoparticles. For the case of acrylamide we show that the plasmon reso-nances of the silver nanoparticles are ideally suited to support surface enhanced Raman scatter-ing (SERS) and the two-photon excited process of surface enhanced hyper Raman scattering (SEHRS). Both vibrational tools give complementary information on the in situ formed poly-acrylamide and the molecular composition at the nanoparticle surface.
Conformational control of ortho-phenylenes by terminal amides
Authors: Devkota Govinda Prasad , Carson William P. , Hartley C. Scott
Published: July 2022

Control over the folding of oligomers, be it broad induction of a preferred helical handedness or subtle changes in the orientations of individual functional groups, is important for applications ranging from molecular recognition to long-range conformational communication. Here, we report a series of ortho-phenylene hexamers functionalized with achiral and chiral amides at their termini. NMR spectroscopy, taking advantage of F-19 labeling, allows multiple conformers to be detected for each compound. In combination with CD spectroscopy and DFT calculations, specific geometries corresponding to each conformer have been identified and quantified. General conclusions about the effect of sterics and the amide linker on conformational behavior have been drawn, revealing some similarities and key differences with previously reported imines. A model for twist sense control has been developed that is supported by computational models.
Mechanochemistry of Spiropyran Under Internal Stresses of a Glassy Polymer
Authors: Janissen Richard , Filonenko Georgy
Published: July 2022

Mechanophores are powerful molecular tools used in polymers to track bond rupture and characterize mechanical damage. The majority of mechanophores are known to respond to external stresses and in this study we report the first precedent of a mechanochemical response to internal, residual stresses that accumulate during polymer vitrification. While internal stress is intrinsic to polymers that can form solids, we demonstrate that it can dramatically affect the mechanochemistry of spyropyran probes and alter their intramolecular isomerization barriers by up to 70 kJ·mol-1. This new behavior of spiropyrans enables their application for analysis of internal stresses and their mechanochemical characterization on the molecular level. Spectroscopy and imaging based on spiropyran mechanochemistry showed high topological sensitivity and allowed to discern different levels of internal stress in various locations along the polymer chain. The nature of the developed technique allows for wide field imaging of stress heterogeneities in polymer samples of irregular shapes and dimensions, making it feasible to directly observe molecular level manifestations of mechanical stresses that accompany the formation of a vast number of solid polymer.
RHEOLOGY OF WATER SOLUTION LOW MOLECULAR POLYVINYL ALCOHOL MIXTURES
Authors: Ерицян Межлум Левонович , Арустамян Армен Мамиконович , Царукян Самвел Ваникович
Published: July 2022

The rheology of aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was studied by the method viscometry. The values of the verification coefficients were estimated depending on both the concentration of PVA, and on the average molecular weight of the PVA itself. It is shown that in water a solution of low molecular weight PVA (70-140 kDa) with a concentration of up to 0.035% dominant is the interaction of polymer chains with water (the first belief coefficient), and above 0.035% PVA, the interaction of polymer chains between itself (the second confidence factor).
THERMOCATALYTIC CLEANING OF VOLATILE PRODUCTS OF FAST PYROLYSIS OF FLAX PROCESSING WASTE
Authors: Луговой Юрий Владимирович , Чалов Кирилл Вячеславович , Косивцов Юрий Юрьевич , Сульман Михаил Геннадьевич
Published: July 2022

В статье представлены результаты исследования процесса быстрого пиролиза отходов льнопереработки в присутствии катализатора ZSM-5 импрегнированного переходными металлами и металлами платиновой группы. В присутствии металлсодержащих цеолитных катализаторов повышается содержание метана, этилена, водорода и углекислого газа в составе пиролизного газа, что связано с крекингом летучих продуктов, проходящих через слой нагретого катализатора. Катализатор 2% CoZSM-5 показал высокую активность в процессе деоксигенирования поскольку его применение приводило к увеличению низшей объемной теплоты сгорания получаемого газа в 1,3-1,5 раз, а также к снижению содержания смол до 0,01 % (масс.).

The article presents the results of a study of the process of rapid pyrolysis of flax processing waste in the presence of a ZSM-5 catalyst impregnated with transition metals and platinum group metals. In the presence of metal-containing zeolite catalysts, the content of methane, ethylene, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide in the composition of the pyrolysis gas increases, which is associated with the cracking of volatile products passing through the heated catalyst bed. The 2%CoZSM-5 catalyst showed high activity in the deoxygenation process, since its use led to an increase in the net volumetric calorific value of the resulting gas by 1.3-1.5 times, as well as to a decrease in the resin content to 0.01% (wt.).
MODIFICATION OF NICKEL CATALYSTS FOR REDUCTIVE AMINATION BASED ON POLYMER SUPPORTS
Authors: Михайлов Степан Петрович , Долуда Валентин Юрьевич , Сульман Михаил Геннадьевич , Матвеева Валентина Геннадьевна
Published: July 2022

Процесс каталитической гидроконденсации является основным для синтеза огромного количества химических соединений. Примером таких соединений могут являться N-содержащие функциональные соединения, которые можно использовать в качестве исходного продукта для получения фармацевтических препаратов и агрохимикатов. За последние годы было проделано не мало исследований по поиску наиболее активного и селективного гетерогенного катализатора реакции восстановительного аминирования. Настоящая статья посвящена изучению Ni - содержащих катализаторов на основе полимерных носителей и результатам их модификации.

The process of catalytic hydrocondensation is the main one for the synthesis of a huge number of chemical compounds. An example of such compounds can be N-containing functional compounds that can be used as a starting product for the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. In recent years, a lot of research has been done to find the most active and selective heterogeneous catalyst for the reductive amination reaction. This article is devoted to the study of Ni-containing polymer-supported catalysts and the results of their modification.
Chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of ‘Tsalafouti’ traditional
Greek dairy product
Authors: Pappa E.C. , Kondyli E. , Malamou E. , Kakouri A. , Vlachou A.-M. , Samelis J.
Published: July 2022

Tsalafouti is a traditional dairy product made from sheep’s milk at the end of the lactation
period. It is mainly manufactured as a farmhouse product, in high altitude mountainous
areas of Southern Pindos. It has a high moisture content, creamy texture and mildly sour
flavour. Its production process included the addition of salt to the milk, heating of milk to
90oC with continuous stirring, cooling and transfer to containers placed in caves under
running water (around 10oC) and daily stirring for 10 to 20 days until thickening of the
milk without the aid of starter cultures (i.e., natural acidification) occurred. The present
work presents the physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics
throughout the ageing of artisanal Tsalafouti. The acid-curd product had a pH of about 4.3
and an approximate moisture content of 79%, fat 10%, fat in dry matter 45-48%, salt 0.4%
and protein 7%. Proteolysis increased during ripening at 10oC for 20 days and storage at
4
oC for additional 70 days. Ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, hexanal and heptanal were the
most abundant volatile compounds. The indigenous microbiota was dominated by
mesophilic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) whose numbers exceeded 8 Log CFU/g on day-10
of ripening. Enterococci also increased at an approximate level of 6.5 Log CFU/g,
whereas thermophilic dairy lactobacilli were not found. Growth of aerobic spoilage yeasts
and moulds was suppressed below 4.5 Log CFU/g for 45 to 60 days, but afterwards, yeasts
and moulds outgrew on the product surface causing spoilage. Based on the
microbiological results and primarily on sensory panel evaluations, Tsalafouti can have a
shelf life of 45 days when stored aerobically under refrigeration.
Pengembangan Booklet Mimi Mintuna sebagai Sumber Belajar pada Sub-Materi Pelestarian Sumber Daya Hayati Kelas X SMA
Authors: Savita Mia , Winarsih Winarsih , Rahayu Dwi Anggorowati
Published: July 2022

Submateri pelestarian sumber daya hayati materi keanekaragaman hayati merupakan materi biologi bercakupan luas dan erat hubungannya dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Sumber belajar pada submateri tersebut mas ih minim dan sederhana, sehingga diperlukan media sumber belajar yang mendukung, seperti booklet.  Booklet yang dikembangkan menampilkan contoh Mimi Mintuna yang merupakan salah satu sumber daya hayati lokal Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan booklet Mimi Mintuna sebagai sumber belajar yang  layak secara teoritis dan empiris ditinjau dari vailiditas, uji keterbacaan, dan respon peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan metode 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate) tanpa melakukan tahap disseminate. Kelayakan teoritis booklet ditinjau dari hasil validasi oleh dosen ahli materi dan dosen ahli pendidikan. Kelayakan empiris ditinjau dari hasil respon siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Tempat penelitian yaitu di Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNESA dan uji coba secara terbatas di SMAN 2 Lamongan. Hasil penelitian berupa booklet Mimi Mintuna yang layak secara teoritis dan empiris. Kelayakan teoritis berdasarkan hasil validasi memperoleh rata-rata persentase 91,13% kategori sangat valid. Kelayakan empiris memperoleh hasil keterbacaan pada level 10 yang sesuai dengan tingkat kelas X SMA dan persentase hasil respon peserta didik sebesar 97,87% kategori sangat praktis. Dapat disimpulkan, booklet Mimi Mintuna sebagai sumber belajar sub-materi pelestarian sumber daya hayati layak secara teoritis dan empiris.

Kata Kunci : Booklet Mimi Mintuna, Sumber belajar, Pelestarian Sumber Daya Hayati
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Miskonsepsi Siswa Menggunakan Four-Tier Test dalam Materi Animalia-Invertebrata Kelas X SMA
Authors: Wahyuningasri Nusa Devi , Ambarwati Reni
Published: July 2022

Miskonsepsi merupakan sebuah konsep yang bertentangan dengan konsep yang sebenarnya. Permasalahan miskonsepsi dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan beberapa cara, antara lain pengembangan tes diagnostik. Four Tier-Test merupakan satu instrumen yang dikembangkan dari metode Three-Tier Test. Four-Tier Test disusun menjadi empat tingkatan soal yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada siswa dalam materi Animalia-invertebrata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan instrumen tes miskonsepsi menggunakan four-tier test yang bisa digunakan untuk mengukur miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa dalam materi Animalia-invertebrata, serta untuk mengetahui profil miskonsepsi siswa selama pembelajaran daring dan penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi pada siswa menurut perspektif guru. Uji coba tes dilakukan di tiga sekolah dengan 103 siswa kelas XI, serta wawancara satu Guru Biologi di setiap sekolah. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai validitas teoretis dan nilai koefisien reliabilitas instrumen masing-masing adalah 98% dan 0,61, sehingga dinyatakan sangat valid dan reliabel. Siswa mengalami miskonsepsi rata-rata sebesar 20,3%. Materi yang paling banyak mengalami miskonsepsi adalah topik lapisan tubuh (40,78%), dan materi yang mengalami miskonsepsi terkecil adalah topik Cnidaria  (11,17%). Sumber miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa yaitu guru (7,6%); buku (25,67%); internet (48,96%); siswa itu sendiri (16,39%); serta teman dan lingkungan (1,34%). Penyebab miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada siswa antara lain karena ketidakmampuan siswa mengolah informasi dari sumber belajar secara mandiri pada pembelajaran daring.

Kata kunci: penyebab miskonsepsi,  dampak pembelajaran daring, invertebrata
Pengembangan Aplikasi Berbasis Android untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Siswa SMA Kelas X pada Materi Fungi
Authors: Anindhita Okthalia Varrel , Isnawati Isnawati , Bashri Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Fakta menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang rendah. Untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi dibutuhkan media pembelajaran yang relevan. Media pembelajaran yang sedang dibutuhkan siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 adalah dalam bentuk media digital. Salah satu media digital yang sesuai adalah berupa aplikasi berbasis android pada materi fungi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan media digital berupa aplikasi berbasis android untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa pada materi fungi yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode penelitian adalah ASSURE dengan tahap analisis karakteristik siswa, penentuan tujuan pembelajaran, pemilihan dan perancangan media, peninjauan dan validasi oleh ahli, uji coba terbatas pada siswa, serta evaluasi. Data diperoleh dari metode validasi, angket respon, dan tes. Penelitian dilakukan pada 36 siswa kelas X MIPA 6 SMA Negeri 1 Puri Mojokerto. Skor validitas diperoleh berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh ahli media, ahli materi, dan guru biologi. Skor kepraktisan diperoleh berdasarkan hasil respon siswa. Skor efektivitas diperoleh berdasarkan nilai N-gain score. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi berbasis android sangat valid dengan rata-rata skor 95%, sangat praktis dengan rata-rata skor 86%, dan sangat efektif dengan rata-rata skor 0,85. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka aplikasi berbasis android dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif. Aplikasi berbasis android ini dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sebagai media pembelajaran yang mendukung untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi pada materi fungi.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Strategi KWL (Know-Want-Learned) untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Metakognitif Peserta Didik pada Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan
Authors: Hasanah Ana Uswatun , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: July 2022

Salah satu keterampilan dalam kurikulum 2013 yang diperlukan pada abad ini adalah keterampilan metakognitif. Keterampilan metakognitif dapat dilatihkan dengan strategi KWL (Know-want-Learned). Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan merupakan materi yang kompleks dan memiliki banyak konsep yang detail sehingga diperlukan kemampuan pemahaman yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan E-LKPD berbasis strategi KWL untuk melatihkan keterampilan metakognitif peserta didik pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan yang valid, praktis dan efektif . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model 4D (define, design, develop dan disseminate). Data validitas diperoleh dengan instrumen lembar validasi E-LKPD. Data kepraktisan ditinjau dari hasil observasi keterlaksanaan aktivitas peserta didik dalam pengerjaan E-LKPD. Data efektifitas ditinjau dari hasil ketuntasan indikator dengan instrumen soal peretest posttest, penilai  an keterampilan metakognitif dan hasil respon peserta didik. Uji coba secara terbatas dilakukan pada kelas XII MIPA 3 MAN 1 Bojonegoro. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-LKPD yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dengan skor validitas sebesar 97,2%, sangat praktis dengan skor kepraktisan 97,5%, dan dinyatakan sangat efektif ditinjau dari ketuntasan indikator 80%, hasil nilai keterampilan metakognitif 3,95 dengan kategori sangat baik serta respon peserta didik 97,75% dengan kategori sangat efektif. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-LKPD yang dikembangkan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk melatihkan keterampilan metakognitif peserta didik.

Kata Kunci : lembar kerja peserta didik elektronik (E-LKPD), KWL, Keterampilan Metakognitif, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan.
Pengembangan Modul Elektronik Berbasis Kurikulum 2013 pada Mata Pelajaran Korespiondensi Kelas X OTKP 1 di SMK PGRI 13 Surabaya
Authors: Ekasari Dana , Wulandari Siti Sri
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; (1) Melakukan pengembangan modul elektronik menggunakan Flip PDF Professional pada materi surat niaga (2) Mengetahui penilaian validator terhadap modul elektronik menggunakan Flip PDF Professional pada materi surat niaga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D yang mengadopsi model pengembangan dari Thiagarajan. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa angket yang diberikan kepada ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli grafis untuk menguji kualitas kelayakan modul menggunakan Flip PDF Professional pada materi surat niaga. Untuk mengetahui pengembangan modul yang dikembangkan, peneliti hanya mampu menyelesaikan pada tahap develop atau pengembangan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah; (1) modul menggunakan Flip PDF Professional pada materi surat niaga yang telah dikembangkan dan dapat digunakan pada kelas X OTKP SMK PGRI 13 Surabaya sebagai media pembelajaran (2) modul menggunakan Flip PDF Professional pada materi surat niaga produk akhir yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi kriteria sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata dari penilaian ahli validasi materi, bahasa, dan grafis sebesar 89,64%. Media pembelajaran berupa modul menggunakan Flip PDF Professional sudah sangat baik digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi surat niaga.