bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Bright White Light Emission from Ultrasmall Cadmium Selenide Nanocrystals.
Authors: Rosson Teresa E. , Claiborne Sarah M. , McBride James R. , Stratton Benjamin S. , Rosenthal Sandra J.
Published: August 2012

The fluorescence quantum yield of ultrasmall white‐light emitting CdSe nanocrystals is increased from 8% to 45% by formic acid treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: VO2 (A) Nanostructures with Controllable Feature Sizes and Giant Aspect Ratios: One‐Step Hydrothermal Synthesis and Lithium‐Ion Battery Performance.
Authors: Dai Lei , Gao Yanfeng , Cao Chuanxiang , Chen Zhang , Luo Hongjie , Kanehira Minoru , Jin Jun , Liu Yu
Published: August 2012

Uniform one‐dimensional nanostructures of the (A) polymorph of VO2 (space group P42/ncm) with controllable morphologies are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of VOSO4, N2H4, and NH3 (autoclave, 260 °C, 2—16 h).
ChemInform Abstract: La[AsO3]: Lanthanum Oxoarsenate(III) with K[ClO3]‐Type Crystal Structure.
Authors: Metzger Sebastian J. , Heymann Gunter , Huppertz Hubert , Schleid Thomas
Published: August 2012

Colorless, transparent single crystals of the title compound are prepared in high yield (yield not given) by high temperature/high pressure reaction of an equimolar mixture of La2O3 and As2O3 (BN crucible, 11.5 GPa, 1000 °C, 15 min).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Continuous Two‐Step Molecular Precursor Route to Rare‐Earth Oxysulfides Ln2O2S.
Authors: De Crom N. , Devilliers M.
Published: August 2012

The new route to crystalline lanthanoid oxysulfides Ln2O2S occurs at a temperature significantly lower than usual solid state synthesis and avoids the use of dangerous sulfur‐based gases.
ChemInform Abstract: New Directing Groups for Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Carbon—Carbon Bond‐Forming Processes: Stereoconvergent Alkyl—Alkyl Suzuki Cross‐Couplings of Unactivated Electrophiles.
Authors: Wilsily Ashraf , Tramutola Francesco , Owston Nathan A. , Fu Gregory C.
Published: August 2012

Secondary alkyl bromides or chlorides bearing a carbamate, sulfonamide or sulfone group undergo nickel/chiral diamine‐catalyzed alkyl—alkyl cross‐coupling reactions with alkyl‐ or arylboranes to give the coupling products with up to 95% enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of β‐Unsaturated Isoxazol‐5‐ones and Pyrazol‐5‐ones under Ultrasonic Irradiation.
Authors: Ablajan Keyume , Xiamuxi Hainimu
Published: August 2012

Ultrasound‐promoted cyclocondensation of β‐ketoesters (I) with hydroxylamine or phenylhydrazine and aromatic aldehydes provides an efficient access towards a variety of isoxazolones (III) or pyrazolones (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Buchwald—Hartwig Amination of Aryl Chlorides Catalyzed by Easily Accessible Benzimidazolyl Phosphine‐Pd Complexes.
Authors: Chung Kin Ho , So Chau Ming , Wong Shun Man , Luk Chi Him , Zhou Zhongyuan , Lau Chak Po , Kwong Fuk Yee
Published: August 2012

Phosphine BPP is found to be highly efficient for the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfoximines: A Reusable Directing Group for Chemo‐ and Regioselective ortho C—H Oxidation of Arenes.
Authors: Yadav M. Ramu , Rit Raja K. , Sahoo Akhila K.
Published: August 2012

Acidic hydrolysis of the acetoxylated products furnishes S‐methyl‐S‐phenylsulfoximine in moderate to good yields (61—85%), which can be reused as a directing group by reaction with aroyl chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: Added‐Metal‐Free Catalytic Nucleophilic Addition of Grignard Reagents to Ketones.
Authors: Zong Hua , Huang Huayin , Liu Junfeng , Bian Guangling , Song Ling
Published: August 2012

The method provides an efficient and general approach to tertiary alcohols and can be applied to prepare the antidepressant Citalopram (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Catalyzed Enantioselective Decarboxylative Aldol Reaction of β‐Ketoacids with Trifluoromethyl Ketones.
Authors: Zheng Yan , Xiong Heng‐Ying , Nie Jing , Hua Ming‐Qing , Ma Jun‐An
Published: August 2012

The (DHQD)2AQN‐catalyzed title reaction affords a series of trifluoromethyl‐substituted tertiary alcohols (III) and (IV) in good to high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 90% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium Catalyzed Chemoselective Alkylation of 2′‐Aminoacetophenone with Primary Benzyl Type Alcohols under Microwave Conditions.
Authors: Bhat Shailen , Sridharan Visuvanathar
Published: August 2012

The direction of the iridium‐catalyzed alkylation of 2′‐aminoacetophenone (I) with benzyl alcohols (II) depends on the reaction conditions leading either to C‐alkylated products (III) or to N‐alkylated derivatives (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of N,N‐Dimethyl Aromatic Amides from Aromatic Aldehydes with Dimethylamine and Iodine Reagents.
Authors: Baba Haruka , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo
Published: August 2012

A variety of amines is tested but only dimethylamine and morpholine give amides in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Aryl Fluorides with Sodium Sulfide: Investigation into the Selectivity of Substitution of Fluorobenzonitriles to Yield Mercaptobenzonitriles via SNAr Displacement of Fluorine.
Authors: Taldone Tony , Patel Pallav D. , Patel Hardik J. , Chiosis Gabriela
Published: August 2012

A variety of substrates undergoes SNAr reaction of fluorine with Na2S to produce the corresponding mercaptobenzonitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective C—S Bond Formation Accomplished by Regioselective C—F Substitution of Polyfluoroarenes with Substituted Thiophenols.
Authors: Zhou Qizhong , Zhang Bin , Gu Haining , Zhong Aiguo , Du Tieqi , Zhou Qiong , Ye Yuyuan , Jin Zhengneng , Jiang Huajiang , Chen Rener
Published: August 2012

The nucleophilic aromatic substitution in polyfluorobenzenes by thiophenols is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Addition of Unactivated Thiols to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Rhenium(V)‐oxo Complex.
Authors: Peng Allan , Rosenblatt Ross , Nolin Kristine
Published: August 2012

A moisture‐tolerant complex is described as convenient catalyst for the title reaction which affords biologically interesting β‐sulfanyl ketone structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(acac)2‐Catalyzed N‐Arylations of Phenylurea with Aryl Boronic Acid.
Authors: Gavade Sandip , Balaskar Ravi , Mane Madhav , Pabrekar Pramod N. , Mane Dhananjay
Published: August 2012

The Cu‐catalyzed N‐arylation of phenylurea (I) or urea (IV) with arylboronic acids proceeds under mild reaction conditions and avoids the use of an expensive palladium catalyst or toxic phosphine ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Pyrimidone‐Promoted Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Ping , Dai You‐Zhi , Zhou Xi , Yu Huang
Published: August 2012

Orotic acid is applied as the ligand in the reactions of halides with aryl‐ and vinylboronic acids to give biaryls and stilbenes, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfitative Conjugate Addition of Aryl Sulfinic Acids and Direct ESI‐MS for Mechanistic Studies.
Authors: Wang Huifeng , Li Yaming , Zhang Rong , Jin Kun , Zhao Defeng , Duan Chunying
Published: August 2012

The title reaction provides a new and efficient approach to β‐arylated ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Naphthalenes.
Authors: Kuwano Ryoichi , Morioka Ryuichi , Kashiwabara Manabu , Kameyama Nao
Published: August 2012

This enantioselective reaction is the first success in the title synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Oxidative Coupling of 2‐Naphthols Catalyzed by Hydrotalcite‐Like Compounds in Aerobic Conditions.
Authors: Sugamoto Kazuhiro , Matsushita Yoh‐ichi , Matsui Takanao
Published: August 2012

A hydrotalcite‐like compound with ruthenium, cobalt, and iron cations in the brucite layer and CO3 anions in the interlayer is an efficient heterogeneous, reusable catalyst for the oxidative coupling of 2‐naphthols as well as substituted phenols.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantiospecific [3 + 2] Annulation of Aminocyclopropanes with Ketones.
Authors: Benfatti Fides , de Nanteuil Florian , Waser Jerome
Published: August 2012

The reaction of donor—acceptor cyclopropanes is optimized with respect to the type of Lewis acid catalyst and its loading, and the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings of Functionalized 2‐Bromobenzofurans for Atom‐Economic Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzofurans Using Triarylbismuth Reagents.
Authors: Rao Maddali L. N. , Awasthi Dheeraj K. , Talode Jalindar B.
Published: August 2012

The bismuth agents undergo three aryl couplings as multi‐coupling organometallic nucleophiles and the reaction is complete in a short time.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrrolo‐3‐carboxylates Derivatives.
Authors: Azizian Javad , Sheikholeslami Fatemeh , Hosseini Javad , Mohammadi Mohammadkazem , Mirza Behrooz
Published: August 2012

The reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds (I) and ninhydrin (II) is carried out in the presence of ammonium acetate under neutral conditions to afford the functionalized tetrahydroindenopyrrole carboxylates (III) in sufficient to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual C‐Alkylation of Pyrazolines with 2‐(Het)arylcyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylates in the Presence of GaCl3.
Authors: Novikov Roman A. , Shulishov Evgeny V. , Tomilov Yury V.
Published: August 2012

The reaction of 2‐(het)arylcyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylates (I) with 1‐ and 2‐pyrazolinecarboxylates in the presence of GaCl3 affords predominantly 1:1 or 2:1 adducts depending mainly on the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: New, Simple, and Effective Thiosemicarbazide Ligand for Copper(II)‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Imidazoles.
Authors: Shan Yuefeng , Wang Ying , Jia Xiaolei , Cai Wenwen , Xiang Jiannan
Published: August 2012

Optimum reaction conditions are examined for the N‐arylation of imidazoles and benzimidazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclic N‐Nitrourethanes by the Simultaneous Oxidative Desulfurization and Nitration of Cyclic Thiourethanes.
Authors: Willer Rodney L. , Campbell Christopher G. , Storey Robson F.
Published: August 2012

Treatment of cyclic thiourethanes (I) and (III) with acetyl nitrate results in a vigorous reaction, producing the cyclic N‐nitrourethanes (II) and (IV), resp., in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized 4‐Methylenetetrahydropyrans by Oxidative Activation of Cinnamyl or Benzyl Ethers.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Cheng Xu
Published: August 2012

A convenient protocol for the Sakurai‐type cyclization of benzyl or cinnamyl ethers bearing allylsilane moieties is developed using DDQ and CAN as oxidant and PPTS as a promotor.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Aroylcoumarin—Flavone Hybrids.
Authors: Rao Hulluru S. P. , Tangeti Venkata S.
Published: August 2012

Flavone‐based o‐hydroxybenzaldehydes (I), obtained by regioselective Duff reaction, are condensed with α‐oxoketene dithioacetals (II) to furnish title compounds (III) as potentially bioactive and fluorescent materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Chloride‐Catalyzed One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of 5,8‐Dihydro‐5,8‐dioxo‐4H‐chromene Derivatives.
Authors: Srinivas Vakiti , Rao Vedula Rajeswar
Published: August 2012

The multicomponent condensation between embelin (I), aromatic aldehydes (II), and cyanothioacetamide (III) in the presence of zinc chloride affords the title derivatives (IV) in very good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroacylation of Alkynylphosphonates.
Authors: Wang Zhenqiang , Yu Zhihua , Wang Ying , Shi Deqing
Published: August 2012

Depending on the reaction temperature, exocyclic or endocyclic isomers of the required chromone phosphonates are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Scandium(III)‐Zeolites as New Heterogeneous Catalysts for Imino‐Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Olmos Andrea , Louis Benoit , Pale Patrick
Published: August 2012

The reaction of aldehydes, amines and dienes catalyzed by the title zeolite affords either imino‐Diels—Alder products (III) and (VI), or imino‐Mukaiyama‐aldol products (XI), (XII), (XIV), and (XVI).
ChemInform Abstract: Four‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel 7,8‐Dihydroquinolin‐5(1H,4H,6H)‐one Derivatives Containing an Ionone Unit and in vitro Antioxidant Activity.
Authors: Findik Esra , Ceylan Mustafa , Elmastas Mahfuz
Published: August 2012

Title compounds (IV) are prepared by a four‐component reaction of α‐ionone (I), dimedone (II) and aromatic aldehydes with ammonium acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Catalysis: Combination of Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation and Metal Catalyzed Alkynylation Reactions — C—C Bond Formation Using Visible Light.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Koenigs Rene M. , Poscharny Konstantin , Fabry David C. , Leonori Daniele , Vila Carlos
Published: August 2012

The photoinduced Ru‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of tetrahydroisoquinolines (I), (VI) and (VIII) is successfully combined with a Cu‐catalyzed alkynylation reaction to afford 1‐alkynyltetrahydroisoquinolines in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Versatile Methods Leading to Highly Functionalized Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines.
Authors: Basilio‐Lopes Alexandra , Medonca de Aquino Thiago , Mongeot Alexandre , Bourguignon Jean‐Jacques , Schmitt Martine
Published: August 2012

A convenient synthesis of target compounds involves chlorination of the starting amides to iminocarboxylic acid chlorides and formation of amidines with piperidine.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Practical Synthesis of Pazopanib: An Anticancer Drug.
Authors: Qian Hai , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

An environmentally and economically advantageous 5‐step synthesis of title compound (X) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Biological Studies of Some Novel Pyran Fused Pyrimidone Derivatives.
Authors: Mistry Prashant T. , Kamdar Nimesh R. , Haveliwala Dhaval D. , Patel Saurabh K.
Published: August 2012

A new series of tricyclic pyranopyrimidone derivatives is achieved by cyclization of dihydropyranopyrazoles (I) with formic or acetic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Some New Pyrimido[1,6‐a]pyrimidine and Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Hussein Ahmed M.
Published: August 2012

Aminopyrazoles (I) react with sodium formyl salts of aliphatic and aromatic acyclic ketones (II) to provide the pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Substituted 7‐Aryl‐5‐methyl‐4,7‐dihydrotetrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine‐6‐carboxamides
Authors: Gein V. L. , Zamaraeva T. M. , Nosova N. V. , Vakhrin M. I. , Slepukhin P. A.
Published: August 2012

via a one‐pot, three‐component reaction (15 examples)
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Hydrotrope Combined Catalyst for Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Quinoxalines and Pyrido[2,3‐b]pyrazines in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Kumbhar Arjun , Kamble Santosh , Barge Madhuri , Rashinkar Gajanan , Salunkhe Rajashri
Published: August 2012

A novel protocol is developed for the condensation of 1,2‐diamines with 1,2‐diketones to give pyridopyarzine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Functionalized Tricyclic Frameworks Containing an Azocine Moiety.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Seyfi Samereh
Published: August 2012

Hydroxyketones (I) react with a phosphonium ion, generated in situ from DMAD and PPh3.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I) Mediated Facile Synthesis of Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor, 9‐Amino‐α‐noscapine from Natural α‐Noscapine.
Authors: Manchukonda Naresh K. , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Naik Pradeep K. , Joshi Harish C. , Kantevari Srinivas
Published: August 2012

Facile synthesis of 9‐amino‐α‐noscapine (II) is achieved via copper(I) iodide mediated in situ aromatic azidation and reduction of 9‐bromo‐α‐noscapine (obtained by bromination of natural α‐noscapine) with sodium azide in DMSO in the presence of L‐proline as an amino acid promoter.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of a Series of 1′‐Substituted 4‐Aza‐7,9‐dideazaadenosine C‐Nucleosides.
Authors: Cho Aesop , Saunders Oliver L. , Butler Thomas , Zhang Lijun , Xu Jie , Vela Jennifer E. , Feng Joy Y. , Ray Adrian S. , Kim Choung U.
Published: August 2012

A series of novel 1′‐substituted analogues of 4‐aza‐7,9‐dideazaadenosine C‐nucleoside are prepared and tested in antiviral assays.
ChemInform Abstract: Four‐ and Eight‐Carbon Homologation of Benzaldehyde by (1Z,3Z)‐Butyltelluro‐1,3‐butadiene (I). Synthesis of Navenone B (VI). Alarm Pheromone of the Mollusk Navanax inermis.
Authors: Dabdoub Miguel J. , Dabdoub Vania B. , Baroni Adriano C. M. , Barbosa Sandro L.
Published: August 2012

The natural product navenone B is synthesized in seven steps starting from commercially available methoxy‐1‐buten‐3‐yne.
ChemInform Abstract: 2D Magnetic Frames Obtained by the Microwave‐Assisted Chemistry Approach.
Authors: Pascu Oana , Gich Marti , Herranz Gervasi , Roig Anna
Published: August 2012

An extremely fast and versatile synthetic approach based on microwave heating to fabricate complex macroporous magnetic frames using sacrificial templates is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Biotemplated Synthesis of Perovskite Nanomaterials for Solar Energy Conversion.
Authors: Nuraje Nurxat , Dang Xiangnan , Qi Jifa , Allen Mark A. , Lei Yu , Belcher Angela M.
Published: August 2012

Strontium titanate and bismuth ferrite perovskite nanomaterials are prepared from ethylene glycol solutions of SrCl2 and TiCl4, and Bi(NO3)3 and Fe(NO3)3, resp., using genetically engineered M13 virus as a mineralizer (80 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Gorte Raymond J.
Published: August 2012

Review: 14 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Thiosemicarbazones for Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Dilworth Jonathan R. , Hueting Rebekka
Published: August 2012

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions and Structural Characterization of Gold(III) Complexes with Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins
Authors: Glisic Biljana D. , Rychlewska Urszula , Djuran Milos I.
Published: August 2012

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Application of Intramolecular Suzuki Cross‐Coupling in Cyclization and Heterocyclization
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Hashemi Elaheh
Published: August 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Chemistry on Fullerenes
Authors: Tzirakis Manolis D. , Orfanopoulos Michael
Published: August 2012

Review: 208 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aliphatic Azo Compounds
Authors: Kempa S. , Wallach L. , Rueck‐Braun K.
Published: August 2012

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Pillar‐Shaped Cavitands “Pillar[5]arenes” and Their Application for Supramolecular Materials
Authors: Ogoshi Tomoki
Published: August 2012

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Host—Guest Asymmetric Induction in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Del Pilar C. Soriano Maria , Simirgiotis Mario J. , Mirabal‐Gallardo Yaneris , Santos Leonardo S.
Published: August 2012

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Dynamic Behavior of Organometallic Rotaxanes
Authors: Suzaki Yuji , Abe Tomoko , Chihara Eriko , Murata Shintaro , Horie Masaki , Osakada Kohtaro
Published: August 2012

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Automatic Reaction Mechanism Generation with Group Additive Kinetics
Authors: West Richard H. , Allen Joshua W. , Green William H.
Published: August 2012

Review: 15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 2D NMR of Molecules Oriented in Liquid Crystals — Recent Developments
Authors: Kumar Anil , Suryaprakash N.
Published: August 2012

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 3D HMQC‐NOESY, NOESY‐HMQC, and NOESY‐HSQC
Authors: Muhandiram Ranjith , Kay Lewis E.
Published: August 2012

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: TOCSY
Authors: Claridge Timothy D. W.
Published: August 2012

Review: 24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: COSY
Authors: Doddrell David M.
Published: August 2012

Review: 21 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Dimensional J‐Resolved Spectroscopy
Authors: Morris Gareth A.
Published: August 2012

Review: 35 refs.
Characteristics of Responders to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: The Impact of Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Volume
Authors: Park Mi Young , Altman Robert K. , Orencole Mary , Kumar Prabhat , Parks Kimberly A. , Heist Kevin E. , Singh Jagmeet P. , Picard Michael H.
Published: August 2012

Background:

One‐third of patients who receive cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) are classified as nonresponders. Characteristics of responders to CRT have been studied in multiple clinical trials.

Hypothesis:

Independent predictors of CRT response may be identified by studying a series of patients in routine clinical practice.

Method:

One hundred twenty‐five patients were examined retrospectively from a multidisciplinary CRT clinic program. Echocardiographic CRT response was defined as a decrease in left ventricular (LV) end‐systolic volume of ≥15% and/or absolute increase of 5% in LV ejection fraction at the 6‐month visit.

Results:

There were 81 responders and 44 nonresponders. By univariate analyses, female sex, nonischemic cardiomyopathy etiology, baseline QRS duration, the presence of left bundle branch block (LBBB), and left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) index predicted CRT response. However, multivariate analysis demonstrated that only QRS duration, LBBB, and LVEDV index were independent predictors (QRS width, odds ratio [OR]: 1.027, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.004–1.050, P = 0.023; LBBB, OR: 3.568, 95% CI: 1.284–9.910, P = 0.015; LVEDV index, OR: 0.970, 95% CI: 0.953–0.987, P = 0.001). Although female sex and nonischemic etiology were associated with an improved CRT response on univariate analyses, after adjusting for LV volumes they were not independent predictors.

Conclusions:

QRS width, LBBB, and LVEDV index are independent predictors for echocardiographic CRT response. Previously reported differences in CRT response for sex and cardiomyopathy etiology are associated with differences in baseline LV volumes in our clinical practice.

Dr. Heist has received research grants (modest) from Biotronik, Boston Scientific, and St. Jude Medical; honoraria (modest) from Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Sorin, and St. Jude Medical; and consultant/advisory board positions (modest) from Boston Scientific, Sorin and St. Jude Medical. Dr. Singh has received research grants (significant) from Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and St. Jude Medical; and consultant/advisory board positions (modest) from Biosense Webster, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, CardioInsight, Medtronic, Sorin, St. Jude Medical, and Thoratec Inc.

The statistical analysis was conducted with support from Harvard Catalyst. The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health Award UL1 RR 025758, and financial contributions from Harvard University and its affiliated academic healthcare centers).

The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Groundwater Defluoridation with Raw Bauxite, Gypsum, Magnesite, and Their Composites
Authors: Thole Bernard , Mtalo Felix , Masamba Wellington
Published: August 2012

Breakthrough characteristics, kinetics, and dose‐effect in defluoridation with bauxite, gypsum, magnesite, and their composites were determined. The aim was to identify optimum filter and configuration viable for groundwater defluoridation. Bed depth service time (BDST) design model and empty bed residence time (EBRT) optimization model were employed to characterize breakthrough. Higher doses obtained lower loading capacities but higher sorption percentages and breakthrough times. Breakthrough times obtained were 50 400, 32 400, 25 200, and 19 800 s for 150, 120, 75, and 45 g, respectively. The equation ħ = 1.0 × 10−4 δ2 −0.022 δ + 1.5053 defined the operating line with ħ, adsorbent exhaustion rate, in g L−1 and δ, EBRT, in seconds. A critical bed depth (Zo) of 6.56 cm was obtained. Second order kinetic rate constants were 0.73, 1.17, and 1.81 g mg−1 s−1 for magnesite, gypsum, and bauxite, respectively. The composite, gypsum and bauxite decreased water pH but magnesite increased pH in water defluoridation. Experimental data did not fit the two‐parameter logistics model; model values were significantly different from experimental values. Optimum defluoridation characteristics were obtained in fixed bed. Despite high residual sulphates and apparent color, fixed‐bed defluoridation with raw composites of these materials, treated in this manner, is viable.
Arylamine‐Modified Thiazoles as Donor–Acceptor Dyes: Quantum Chemical Evaluation of the Charge‐Transfer Process and Testing as Ligands in Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Menzel Roberto , Kupfer Stephan , Mede Ralf , Weiß Dieter , Görls Helmar , González Leticia , Beckert Rainer
Published: August 2012

A series of new 4‐hydroxy‐1,3‐thiazole‐based chromophores bearing different arylamine components (triarylamines, carbazole, and phenothiazine) as electron donors and azaheterocycle components (pyridine, pyrazine and pyrimidine) as electron‐acceptor moieties have been synthesized. Elaborate quantum chemical calculations were carried out with two selected compounds to identify the natures of the HOMO/LUMO transition and of the intramolecular charge‐transfer state. The electrochemical properties were investigated: the dyes show reversible first oxidation and reduction peaks, with the former strongly dominated by the type of arylamine. The donor moieties were synthesized under Buchwald–Hartwig conditions. Several of the presented X‐ray structures provide deeper insight into the geometries of the ligands. The bidentate nature of the chromophores makes them suitable as ligands in transition metal complexes. The corresponding ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes – Ru(dmbpy)2(L)(PF6)2 (dmbpy = 4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) – were successfully synthesized for seven of the ligands. The MLCT bands in these complexes are significantly broadened, resulting in improved light‐harvesting efficiencies.
High efficiency joint CZE determination of sugars and acids in vegetables and fruits
Authors: Cebolla‐Cornejo Jaime , Valcárcel Mercedes , Herrero‐Martínez José Manuel , Roselló Salvador , Nuez Fernando
Published: August 2012

In this work, an improved CE method for the medium‐throughput determination of main organic acids (oxalate, malate, citrate), the amino acid glutamate and the sugars fructose, glucose and sucrose in several food matrices is described. These compounds have been identified as key components in the taste intensity of fruit and vegetable crops. Using a running buffer with 20 mM 2,6‐pyridine dicarboxylic acid pH 12.1 and 0.1% hexadimethrine bromide, replacing it every 5 h to avoid pH decrease, and optimizing capillary conditioning between runs with 58 mM SDS during 2 min at 20 psi, it is possible to effectively quantify these compounds while increasing medium throughput repeatability. This procedure resolves problems such as increases in migration time and reduction of resolution between problematic peaks (malate/citrate and fructose/glucose) detected in a previous method. The new procedure even considerably reduced time analysis down to 12 min. Under optimal conditions, a large number of injections (200) could be administered without any disturbances in the same capillary. The reliability of the proposed method was further investigated with several food matrix samples, including tomato, pepper, muskmelon, winter squash, and orange. This method is recommended for routine analysis of large number of samples typical of production quality systems or plant breeding programs.
Evidence of time‐dependent prognostic factors predicting early death but not long‐term outcome in primary CNS lymphoma: a study of 91 patients
Authors: Ghesquières Hervé , Drouet Youenn , Sunyach Marie Pierre , Sebban Catherine , Chassagne‐Clement Catherine , Jouanneau Emmanuel , Honnorat Jérome , Biron Pierre , Blay Jean Yves
Published: August 2012

Long‐term primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) survivors could have multiple adverse prognostic factors at diagnosis such as age, performance status (PS), site of the tumour (deep vs superficial), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and CSF protein level. Whether these five prognostic factors integrated in the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG) score have a time‐dependent effect is questionable. Among 132 PCNSL patients treated at our institution between 1984 and 2006, 91 available patients for IELSG score were evaluated by time‐segmented analysis. Of the 91 patients, 21% had 0–1, 59% had 2–3 and 20% had 4–5 adverse IELSG prognostic scores. With a median follow‐up of 102 months, the median overall survival (OS) of the 91 patients with the five prognostic factors of IELSG score was 33 months (95% CI, 17 to 55) compared with 14 months (95% CI, 3 to 23) for the remaining 41 patients whose CSF protein level was lacking in the IELSG score. These 41 patients who did not have lumbar puncture presented a poorer PS at diagnosis and a lower treatment response rate. While confirming the prognostic value of the IELSG score, we observed a time‐dependent effect of age, PS and tumour site; all three lost their prognostic value after 6 months from diagnosis, while LDH remained a constant predictor of OS. No prognostic impact of CSF protein level was reported. Patients with older age, poor PS and deep brain involvement are at risk of death during the first months after diagnosis but could have a favourable long‐term outcome after the treatment period. New prognostic factors predicting long‐term outcome remain to be determined. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exposure time to caffeine affects heartbeat and cell damage‐related gene expression of zebrafish Danio rerio embryos at early developmental stages
Authors: Abdelkader Tamer Said , Chang Seo‐Na , Kim Tae‐Hyun , Song Juha , Kim Dong Su , Park Jae‐Hak
Published: August 2012

Caffeine is white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that is naturally found in some plants and can be produced synthetically. It has various biological effects, especially during pregnancy and lactation. We studied the effect of caffeine on heartbeat, survival and the expression of cell damage related genes, including oxidative stress (HSP70), mitochondrial metabolism (Cyclin G1) and apoptosis (Bax and Bcl2), at early developmental stages of zebrafish embryos. We used 100 µm concentration based on the absence of locomotor effects. Neither significant mortality nor morphological changes were detected. We monitored hatching at 48 h post‐fertilization (hpf) to 96 hpf. At 60 and 72 hpf, hatching decreased significantly (P < 0.05); however, the overall hatching rate at 96 hpf was 94% in control and 93% in caffeine treatment with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Heartbeats per minute were 110, 110 and 112 in control at 48, 72 and 96 hpf, respectively. Caffeine significantly increased heartbeat – 122 and 136 at 72 and 96 hpf, respectively. Quantitative RT‐PCR showed significant up‐regulation after caffeine exposure in HSP70 at 72 hpf; in Cyclin G1 at 24, 48 and 72 hpf; and in Bax at 48 and 72 hpf. Significant down‐regulation was found in Bcl2 at 48 and 72 hpf. The Bax/Bcl2 ratio increased significantly at 48 and 72 hpf. We conclude that increasing exposure time to caffeine stimulates oxidative stress and may trigger apoptosis via a mitochondrial‐dependent pathway. Also caffeine increases heartbeat from early phases of development without affecting the morphology and survival but delays hatching. Use of caffeine during pregnancy and lactation may harm the fetus by affecting the expression of cell‐damage related genes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrospun tubular scaffolds: On the effectiveness of blending poly(ε‐caprolactone) with poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)
Authors: Del Gaudio Costantino , Fioravanzo Lara , Folin Marcella , Marchi Fabiana , Ercolani Enrico , Bianco Alessandra
Published: August 2012

Tissue engineering can effectively contribute to the development of novel vascular prostheses aimed to overcome the well‐known drawbacks of small‐diameter grafts. To date, poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), a bioresorbable synthetic poly(α‐hydroxyester), is considered one of the most promising materials for vascular tissue engineering. In this work, the potential advantage of intimate blending soft PCL and hard poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), a polymer of microbial origin, has been evaluated. Nonwoven mats and small‐diameter tubular scaffolds of PCL, PHBV, and PCL/PHBV were fabricated by means of electrospinning technique. Mechanical properties and suture retention strength were investigated according to the international standard for cardiovascular implants. Biological tests demonstrated that both PCL‐based scaffolds supported survival and growth of rat cerebral endothelial cells in a short time. The fiber alignment of the electrospun tubular scaffolds contributed to a more rapid and homogeneous cell colonization of the luminal surface. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Controllable delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs from electrospun poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite mats
Authors: Song Botao , Wu Chengtie , Chang Jiang
Published: August 2012

Co‐delivery of several drugs has been regarded as an alternative strategy for achieving enhanced therapeutic effect. In this study, a co‐delivery system based on the electrospun poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA)/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) composite mat was designed for the co‐encapsulation and prolonged release of one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic drug simultaneously. MSNs were chosen to load the hydrophobic model drug fluorescein (FLU) and hydrophilic model drug rhodamine B (RHB), respectively (named as RHB‐loaded MSNs and FLU‐loaded MSNs). Two kinds of drug‐loaded MSNs were incorporated into the polymer matrix to form a fibrous structure by blending electrospinning. The effect of the weight ratios for the two kinds of drug‐loaded MSNs and the initial PLGA concentrations on the drug release kinetics were systematically investigated. The results showed that both model drugs RHB and FLU maintained sustained delivery with controllable release kinetics during the releasing period, and the release kinetics was closely dependent on the loading ratios of two drug‐loaded MSNs and the initial PLGA concentrations in the composite mats. The results suggest that the co‐drug delivery system may be used for wound dressing that requires the combined therapy of several kinds of drugs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Tensile mechanical properties and hydraulic permeabilities of electrospun cellulose acetate fiber meshes
Authors: Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos , Kokonou Maria , Michael Stefanos , Tryfonos Antonia , Rebholz Claus , Odysseos Andreani D. , Doumanidis Charalambos
Published: August 2012

The mechanical properties and hydraulic permeabilities of biomaterial scaffolds play a crucial role in their efficacy as tissue engineering platforms, separation processors, and drug delivery vehicles. In this study, electrospun cellulose acetate fiber meshes of random orientations were created using four different concentrations, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, and 17.5 wt % in acetone or ethyl acetate. The tensile mechanical properties and the hydraulic permeabilities of these meshes were measured, and a multiscale model was employed to predict their mechanical behavior. Experimentally, the elastic modulus ranged from 3.5 to 12.4 MPa depending on the polymer concentration and the solvent. Model predictions agreed well with the experimental measurements when a fitted single‐fiber modulus of 123.3 MPa was used. The model also predicted that changes in fiber alignment may result in a 3.6‐fold increase in the elastic modulus for moderately aligned meshes and a 8.5‐fold increase for highly align meshes. Hydraulic permeabilities ranged from 1.4 x 10−12 to 8.9 x 10−12 m2 depending on polymer concentration but not the choice of solvent. In conclusion, polymer concentration, fiber alignment, and solvent have significant impact on the mechanical and fluid transport properties of electrospun cellulose acetate fiber meshes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Pharmacophore Mode lingand Virtual Screening to Design the Potential Influenza Virus Endonuclease Inhibitors
Authors: Liao Huang‐Sheng , Wu Josephine W. , Liu Hsuan‐Liang , Zhao Jian‐Hua , Tsao Cheng‐Wen , Liu Kung‐Tien , Chuang Chih‐Kuang , Lin Hsin‐Yi , Tsai Wei‐Bor , Ho Yih
Published: August 2012

Influenza virus endonuclease is an attractive target for antiviral therapy in the treatment of influenza infection. The purpos e of this study is to design a novel antiviral agent with improved biological activities against the influenza virus endonuclease. In this study, chemical feature‐based 3D pharmacophore models were developed from 41 known influenza virus endonuclease inhibitors. The best quantitative pharmacohore model (Hypo 1), which consists of two hydrogen‐bond acceptors and two hydrophobic features, yields the highest correlation coefficient (R = 0.886). Hypo 1 was further validated by the cross validation method and the test set compounds. The application of this model for predicting the activities of 11 known influenza virus endonuclease inhibitors in the test set shows great success. The correlation coefficient of 0.942 and a cross validation of 95;% confidence level prove that this model is reliable in identifying structurally diverse compounds for influenza virus endonuclease inhibition. The most active compound (compound 1) from the training set was docked into the active site of the influenza virus endonuclease as an additional verification that the pharmacophore model is accurate. The docked conformation showed important hydrogen bond interactions between the compound and two amino acids, Lys 134 and Lys 137. After validation, this model was used to screen the NCI chemical database to identify new influenza virus endonuclease inhibitors. Our study shows that the to pranking compound out of the 10 newly identified compounds using fit value ranking has an estimated activity of 0.049 μM. These newly identified lead compounds can be further experimentally validated using in vitro techniques.
Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Catechol with a Graphene Modified Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode
Authors: Ruan Chengxiang , Li Tongtong , Wang Xiuzheng , Qi Xiaowei , Lou Jin , Gao Weimin , Sun Wei
Published: August 2012

In this paper a graphene (GR) modified carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) was fabricated and used as the voltammetric sensor for the sensitive detection of catechol. Due to the specific physicochemical characteristics of GR such as high surface area, excellent conductivity and good electrochemical properties, the modified electrode exhibits rapid response and strong catalytic activity with high stability toward the electrochemical oxidation of catechol. A pair of well‐defined redox peaks appeared with the anodic and the cathodic peak potential located at 225 mV and 133 mV (vs.SCE) in pH 6.5 phosphate buffer solution, respectively. Electrochemical behaviors of catechol on the GR modified CILE were carefully investigated and the electrochemical parameters were calculated with the results of the electrode reaction standard rate constant (ks) as 1.24 s−1, the charge transfer coefficient (α) as 0.4 and the electron transfer number (n) as 2. Under the selected conditions the differential pulse voltammetric peak current increased linearly with the catechol concentrations in the range from 1.0 × 10‐7 to 7.0 × 10−4mol L‐1 with the detection limit as 3.0 × 10−8mol L‐1 (3σ). The proposed method was further applied to the synthetic waste water samples determination with satisfactory results
Transport Properties of Nano‐sized TiO2‐based Composite Polymer Electrolyte Prepared by a Green Method
Authors: Lin Yun‐Chih , Cheng Ju‐Hsiang , M. Venkateswarlu , Wang Fu‐Ming , Santhanam Raman , Hwang Bing Joe
Published: August 2012

The transport properties of the nano‐sized TiO2‐based composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) membrane prepared by a green process were investigated. The ion transport phenomena of the CPE was probed by 7Li solid state NMR spectroscopy and it was found that the lithium ions exist in different environments and were respectively ascribed to the interactions of lithium ions and ether groups, anions and also nano‐sized TiO2 particles. Further, the NMR line width become narrowing with temperature suggests that the decrease of ion‐pair interaction in themodified CPE. The NMR data is consistent with the conductivity data observed from impedance spectroscopy as a function of temperature. These results suggest that the CPE could be prepared satisfactorily by a greenmethod in which water was used as a solvent instead of organic solvents like THF. In addition, the developed green method is simple, cost effective and environmentally benign due to the absence of hazardous organic solvents.
Effects of Chemical Dispersant and Wet Mechanical Milling Methods on Conductive Carbon Dispersion and Rate Capabilities of LiFePO4 Batteries
Authors: Chang Chia‐Chin , Su Huang‐Kai , Her Li‐Jane , Lin Jarrn‐Horng
Published: August 2012

The dispersion state of conductive carbons in the cathodes of lithium ion batteries fabricated with a dispersant and with/without mechanical milling are considered with regard to the batteries' charge–discharge properties. Suspensions of Ketjen black (KB, EC 300J and EC 600JD) are dispersed in an organic solvent. Ball milling is then performed, modifying the particle sizes and structures. Results show improved dispersion but with collateral reduction of both maximum and average particle sizes. The more fragile EC 600JD, after ballmilling, is broken into more small segments than EC 300J, but with segment density high enough for loose coupling to form networks. Therefore, the electron conduction of EC600JD after ball milling is better than EC 300J. The high‐rate discharge capacity of EC600JD after ball milling is also better than that of EC 300J. However, rate capabilities decrease with increasing milling time.
Embryonic defects and growth alteration in mice with homozygous disruption of thePatz1gene
Authors: Valentino Teresa , Palmieri Dario , Vitiello Michela , Simeone Antonio , Palma Giuseppe , Arra Claudio , Chieffi Paolo , Chiariotti Lorenzo , Fusco Alfredo , Fedele Monica
Published: August 2012

PATZ1is an emerging cancer‐related gene coding for a POZ/AT‐hook/kruppel Zinc finger transcription factor, which is lost or misexpressed in human neoplasias. Here, we investigated its role in development exploring wild‐type and Patz1‐knockout mice during embryogenesis. We report that thePatz1gene is ubiquitously expressed at early stages of development and becomes more restricted at later stages, with high levels of expression in actively proliferating neuroblasts belonging to the ventricular zones of the central nervous system (CNS). The analysis of embryos in whichPatz1was disrupted revealed the presence of severe defects in the CNS and in the cardiac outflow tract, which eventually lead to a pre‐mature in utero death during late gestation or soon after birth. Moreover, the Patz1‐null mice showed a general growth retardation, which was consistent with the slower growth rate and the increased susceptibility to senescence of Patz1−/−mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) compared to wild‐type controls. Therefore, these results indicate a critical role of PATZ1 in the control of cell growth and embryonic development. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 646–653, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AKT as locus of cancer multidrug resistance and fragility
Authors: Radisavljevic Ziv
Published: August 2012

Complexity and robustness of cancer hypoxic microenvironment are supported by the robust signaling networks of autocrine and paracrine elements creating powerful interactome for multidrug resistance. These elements generate a positive feedback loops responsible for the extreme robustness and multidrug resistance in solid cancer, leukemia, myeloma, and lymphoma. Phosphorylated AKT is a cancer multidrug resistance locus. Targeting that locus by oxidant/antioxidant balance modulation, positive feedback loops are converted into negative feedback loops, leading to disappearance of multidrug resistance. This is a new principle for targeting cancer multidrug resistance by the locus chemotherapy inducing a phenomenon of loops conversion. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 671–674, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Both spontaneous Ins2+/− and streptozotocin‐induced type I diabetes cause bone loss in young mice
Authors: Coe Lindsay M. , Zhang Jing , McCabe Laura R.
Published: August 2012

The adolescent skeleton undergoes accelerated growth determining overall bone density, length, and quality. Diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), most often diagnosed in adolescents, can alter bone processes and promote bone loss. Studies examining type 1 diabetic (T1D) bone pathologies typically utilize adult mice and rely on pharmacologic models such as streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rodents. To test the effect of T1D on adolescent bone growth/density we used a novel juvenile genetic model (Ins2+/− mice) that spontaneously develop T1D at approximately 5 weeks of age and compared our findings with STZ‐induced T1D mice. Compared to controls, both Ins2+/− and STZ‐induced T1D mice displayed blood glucose levels greater than 300 mg/dl and reduced body, fat and muscle mass as well as femur trabecular bone density. STZ mice exhibited greater bone loss compared to Ins2+/− mice despite having lower blood glucose levels. Cortical bone was affected in STZ but not Ins2+/− mice. Osteocalcin serum protein and bone RNA levels decreased in both models. Consistent with studies in adult mice, STZ adolescent mice displayed increased marrow adiposity, however this was not observed in the Ins2+/− mice. Reduced femur length, decreased growth plate thickness and decreased collagen II expression in both model simplies impaired cartilage formation. In summary, both pharmacologic and spontaneous adolescent T1D mice demonstrated a bone synthesis and growth defect. STZ appears to cause a more severe phenotype. Thus, the Ins2+/− mouse could serve as a useful model to study adolescent T1D bone loss with fewer complications. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 689–695, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Solid‐phase extraction based on magnetic core–shell silica nanoparticles coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry for the determination of low concentration pesticides in aqueous samples
Authors: Xiong Zhichao , Zhang Lingyi , Zhang Runsheng , Zhang Yurong , Chen Jianhu , Zhang Weibing
Published: August 2012

A simple and effective preconcentration method based on magnetic core–shell silica nanoparticles with C18‐modified surface was developed for the analysis of pesticide residues in environmental water samples by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Several kinds of organophosphorous and pyrethroid pesticides including methamidophos, dichlorvos, orthene, phorate, dimethoate, carbofuran, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin were used as model compounds to systematically evaluate the method. Various parameters, including the amounts of magnetic nanoparticles absorbents, extraction time, eluting solvent, eluting volume, and sample pH values were optimized. The optimized method affords low detection limits (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3) from 0.001 to 0.008 μg/L, and shows good linearity with correlation coefficients over 0.9990 in the concentration range of 0.025–0.5 μg/L. Average recoveries at three spiked levels were in the range of 70.2–110.2% with relative standard deviations below 9.6%. A maximum enrichment factor of 1015 times was achieved. Analysis results of poisoned pond water indicate that this method is fast, convenient, and efficient for the detections of low‐concentration pesticides in aqueous samples.