bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIAS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors:   State institution ", Tuymuradovich Maksudov Maksud ,   Republican specialized scientific and practical Medical Center of Surgery,named after Academician V. Vakhidova",   , Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Mirzakhitovich Gulamov Olimjon ,   State institution "Republican specialized scientific and practical Medical Center of Surgery,named after Academician V. Vakhidova", Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Keldibayevich Akhmedov Gayrat ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Temirovich Achilov Mirzakarim ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Suvonkulovich Toirov Abdukhamid ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the surgical treatment of hiatal hernias and its complications, which are one of the main problems of modern medicine and surgery. The article presents an overview of the history of esophageal surgery, modern surgical, endoscopic and therapeutic methods of treatment of treatment of hernias of the esophageal orifice of the diaphragm.
ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON THE INSTITUTE OF GUARDIANSHIP AND TRUSTEESHIP
Authors:   Lecturer At The Department Of Legal Sciences Of The Faculty Of Social Sciences Of National University Of UzbekistanNamed After Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Kizi Choriyeva Xurshidabonu Xurram
Published: April 2024

This article presents a comparative analysis of the legislation of domestic and foreign countries regarding the institution of guardianship and trusteeship. The legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan discusses the conditions for the appointment of a guardian and trustee, issues related to the rights and interests of persons under guardianship and trusteeship. In this regard, existing ideas and views in the scientific research of a number of scientists were analyzed. From foreign countries, opinions were given on the experience of countries such as Ukraine, Russia, Poland, Italy and the Czech Republic.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Tashkent Institute Of Economics And Pedagogy, Uzbekistan, Berdiyorovna Botirova Muxayyo
Published: April 2024

The research design for this study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques to investigate the effectiveness of the methodological complex in enhancing students' interest in mathematics through the use of gaming technologies. This approach allows for a comprehensive examination of the complex interactions between teaching methodologies, gaming technologies, and students' interest in mathematics.
ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НАВЧАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ (90-ТІ РОКИ ХХ – ПОЧАТОК ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ)
Authors:   КВНЗ «Херсонська академія неперервної освіти», Кохановська Олена , Кірдан Олена ,   Уманський державний педагогічний університет, Невмержицька Олена ,   Дрогобицький державний педагогічний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: April 2024

У статті проаналізовано історіографію розвитку інноваційних технологій навчання в Україні у 90-ті роки ХХ – на початку ХХІ століття. Визначено, що поняття «інноваційні технології» пов’язане із двома взаємопов’язаними категоріями «інновація» та «технології» і не має єдиного визначення. Аналіз інноваційних процесів в освіті доводить, що їх розвиток у 90-ті роки ХХ – на початку ХХІ століття відбувався поетапно. Історіографічний аналіз досліджуваного явища дозволив його розвиток умовно розділити на три взаємопов’язані періоди: 1991–2000 рр. – реформаційно-теоретизаційний; 2000–2010 рр. – диверсифікаційний; 2011–2023 рр. – систематизаційний. У межах кожного з виокремлених періодів визначено вектори розвитку досліджуваного явища, а також висвітлення його в нормативно-правових актах, дисертаційних дослідженнях, на шпальтах періодичних видань, конференціях тощо. Зроблено висновок, що 90-ті роки ХХ – початок ХХІ століття у педагогіці характеризувалися величезною кількістю нововведень, які прагнули трансформувати чинну систему освіти. Акцентовано, що все, що відбувалося в освіті в цей період, мало спонтанний характер, проте багато вчених, педагогів-практиків упроваджували у свою діяльність нові підходи, що призводило до модернізації окремих елементів системи як такої. Тому інноваційні перетворення в Україні на початку 90-х років ХХ століття мали переважно локальний характер. Система освіти на цьому етапі потребувала аналізу інноваційних ситуацій, розроблення методології та оцінювання нововведень, формування рекомендацій щодо державної політики в галузі інновацій. Наголошено, що це й було зроблено на початку ХХІ століття через зокрема ухвалення окремого Закону України «Про інноваційну діяльність». Різноманітні інноваційні технології стали предметом науково-педагогічних досліджень, а педагогічні інновації стали розглядатися як домінантні в освітній політиці.
Development, Informal Sector and Policy Making: An Assessment of the Role of Policy Formulation in the Operationalization of Informal Groups in Harare Urban
Authors: Mundende James
Published: April 2024

The major thrust of this paper is to understand an interaction between development and its major irreducible determinants; that is public participation and policy formulation. Development is a term that has a multifaceted forms and definitions (Rodney 1982; Saul 2006). It is a process of bringing about desirable change and citizenry participation is critical in such processes that bring positive changes in the socio-economic lives. From an Interactionist perspective, it can be argued that, human relations from a micro-view point are characterized by multidimensional interactions imbedded in various symbiosis. Such explains the interaction between citizens and institutions of power and ideology. Conventionally, disparities in terms of development are due to natural distribution of resources (Weiss 2007; Okupu et al 2018), but this paper conceptualizes it largely as a neglection on the part of institutions, dearth of unity among the citizens and also limited interaction between the development agencies and the people. Development remains a peculiarity within boundaries of the propulsive growth poles while some parts are lagging behind due to lack of positive symbiosis between citizens and institutions. Contemporary researches demonstrate largely that policy formulation and implementation lack correlation and the intended development is jeopardized to the detriment of the welfare of the people. Saliently, there is need for the prioritization of the citizen participation in policy making so that implementation would be feasible and easier. The reciprocity between the infrastructure, (physical enablers and population) and the superstructure (decision makers, intellectuals and researches) must be explored with much consistence and coordination. In Zimbabwe, particularly in the Harare’s informal sector and in deed in many African countries such is missing, thus, making poverty levels cyclical, structural and endemic.
Work-Life Balance: Women with at Least One Sick or Disabled Child
Authors: Akouvi Eyram ATCHOGLO , Tsotso KOUEVI , AFAWUBO Komivi , Chaa PADASSE , Kodzo Senyo ADJEYI , Kokou Essegbé AMAGLO
Published: April 2024

Although gender equity was advocated, women with at least one child had difficulty reconciling work and family. If women with healthy children experience conflict between their two spheres of life, what about women living with disabled or sick children? This article highlights the challenges, the different individual strategies adopted and socially responsible management practices that can facilitate the reconciliation of work and private life to break the glass ceiling of women with at least one sick or disabled child. The results of an exploratory qualitative study of 15 women with at least one disabled or sick child show that the challenges of medical emergencies, working hours, working hours, daily stress, permanent insecurity linked to the state of health, the education of its children, the care of his children, the sharing of family responsibility between spouses, care for close relatives, the possibility of changing working hours, overload at work, young children, unfavourable culture does not facilitate conciliation. These women use the individual strategy of social support, redefinition of roles and temporal organization to reconcile their professional and private lives. And finally, the results show that his individual strategies are not enough to reconcile work and family. To do this, companies must put in place socially responsible practices and management that can further enable them to facilitate conciliation and be efficient at work.
Harnessing Deep Learning Methods for Detecting Different Retinal Diseases: A Multi-Categorical Classification Methodology
Authors: Manikandaprabhu P. , Subaash S.S.
Published: April 2024

Medical image classification plays a vital part in identifying and detecting diseases. Vision impairment affects 2.2 billion individuals globally, with cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy as major contributors. Timely diagnosis, crucial for effective treatment, often relies on imaging like color fundus photography. This study tackles multi-class classification challenges in retinal diseases using MobileNetV2. Traditional CNN models struggle with accuracy and efficiency, prompting the exploration of lightweight architectures. Leveraging MobileNetV2's efficiency, the aim is to improve diagnosis using a comprehensive ocular disease dataset. By integrating deep learning with conventional methods, growing challenges in ophthalmological analysis are addressed. The research underscores the importance of collaborative efforts in dataset curation, architecture design, and model interpretability to advance the multi-class classification of retinal diseases.
Decoding Pneumonia: Leveraging CNNS for Accurate Chest X-Ray Classification
Authors: Jeyaboopathiraja J. , R Tamilarasan
Published: April 2024

Pneumonia is a known potentially fatal lung disease that is frequently referred to as a silent killer since it can lead to lung alveoli filling with pus or fluid, mainly from fungal, viral, or bacterial infections. Chest X-rays are the primary diagnostic tool for pneumonia; however, the diagnosis becomes more complex when other pulmonary disorders such volume loss, haemorrhage, lung cancer, fluid overload, and consequences from radiation or surgery are taken into account. As a result, the interpretation of chest X-rays becomes complex, which makes the development of computer-aided diagnosis systems necessary to help physicians make decisions that are more accurate. In order to diagnose pneumonia from chest X-ray pictures, the research reported here uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) enhanced with a self-attention mechanism. 'Normal' and 'pneumonia' classes are included in the dataset used in the study methodology, and data augmentation techniques are applied to improve the model's resilience. By means of extensive evaluation metrics and visualizations, the study highlights the potential of the suggested model as a useful instrument to aid clinicians in diagnosing pneumonia, consequently reducing the difficulties linked to the interpretation of chest X-rays in the context of various pulmonary conditions.
Artificial Lift Selection Methods in Conventional and Unconventional Wells: A Summary and Review from Old Techniques to Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Alhaj A. Mahdi Mohaned , Amish M. , Oluyemi G.
Published: April 2024

Artificial lift (AL) selection is an important process in enhancing oil and gas production from reservoirs. This article explores the old and current states of AL selection in conventional and unconventional wells, identifying the challenges faced in the process. The role of various factors such as production and reservoir data and economic and environmental considerations is highlighted. The article also examines the use of machine learning (ML) techniques in the AL selection process, emphasising their potential to increase the accuracy of selection and reduce data analysis time. The findings of this article provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the oil and gas industry, as well as for those interested in the development of AL selection methods.
Evaluating the Consistency of Cosmological Distances Using Supernova Siblings in the Near-infrared
Authors: Dwomoh Arianna M. , Peterson Erik R. , Scolnic Daniel , Ashall Chris , DerKacy James M. , Do Aaron , Johansson Joel , Jones David O. , Riess Adam G. , Shappee Benjamin J.
Published: April 2024

The study of supernova (SN) siblings, supernovae with the same host galaxy, is an important avenue for understanding and measuring the properties of Type Ia SN Ia light curves (LCs). Thus far, sibling analyses have mainly focused on optical LC data. Considering that LCs in the near-infrared (NIR) are expected to be better standard candles than those in the optical, we carry out the first analysis compiling SN siblings with only NIR data. We perform an extensive literature search of all SN siblings and find six sets of siblings with published NIR photometry. We calibrate each set of siblings ensuring they are on homogeneous photometric systems, fit the LCs with the SALT3-NIR and SNooPy models, and find median absolute differences in μ values between siblings of 0.248 and 0.186 mag, respectively. To evaluate the significance of these differences beyond measurement noise, we run simulations that mimic these LCs and provide an estimate for uncertainty on these median absolute differences of ∼0.052 mag, and we find that, statistically, our analysis rules out the nonexistence of intrinsic scatter in the NIR at the 99% level. When comparing the same sets of SN siblings, we observe a median absolute difference in μ values between siblings of 0.177 mag when using optical data alone as compared to 0.186 mag when using NIR data alone. It is unclear if these results may be due to limited statistics or poor quality NIR data, all of which will be improved with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
Interpretable Machine Learning for Finding Intermediate-mass Black Holes
Authors: Pasquato Mario , Trevisan Piero , Askar Abbas , Lemos Pablo , Carenini Gaia , Mapelli Michela , Hezaveh Yashar
Published: April 2024

Definitive evidence that globular clusters (GCs) host intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) is elusive. Machine-learning (ML) models trained on GC simulations can in principle predict IMBH host candidates based on observable features. This approach has two limitations: first, an accurate ML model is expected to be a black box due to complexity; second, despite our efforts to simulate GCs realistically, the simulation physics or initial conditions may fail to reflect reality fully. Therefore our training data may be biased, leading to a failure in generalization to observational data. Both the first issue—explainability/interpretability—and the second—out of distribution generalization and fairness—are active areas of research in ML. Here we employ techniques from these fields to address them: we use the anchors method to explain an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier; we also independently train a natively interpretable model using Certifiably Optimal RulE ListS (CORELS). The resulting model has a clear physical meaning, but loses some performance with respect to XGBoost. We evaluate potential candidates in real data based not only on classifier predictions but also on their similarity to the training data, measured by the likelihood of a kernel density estimation model. This measures the realism of our simulated data and mitigates the risk that our models may produce biased predictions by working in extrapolation. We apply our classifiers to real GCs, obtaining a predicted classification, a measure of the confidence of the prediction, an out-of-distribution flag, a local rule explaining the prediction of XGBoost, and a global rule from CORELS.
Magnetic Field of Gas Giant Exoplanets and Its Influence on the Retention of Their Exomoons
Authors: Wei 魏 Xing 星 , Lin 林 D. N. C. 潮
Published: April 2024

We study the magnetic and tidal interactions of a gas-giant exoplanet with its host star and with its exomoons, and focus on their retention. We briefly revisit the scaling law for planetary dynamo in terms of its mass, radius, and luminosity. Based on the virial theorem, we construct an evolution law for planetary magnetic field and find that its initial entropy is important for the field evolution of a high-mass planet. We estimate the magnetic torques on orbit arising from the star–planet and planet–moon magnetic interactions, and find that it can compensate tidal torques and bypass frequency valleys where dynamical-tide response is ineffective. For exomoon’s retention, we consider two situations. In the presence of a circumplanetary disk (CPD), by comparison between CPD’s inner and outer radii, we find that planets with too strong magnetic fields or too small distance from its host star tend not to host exomoons. During the subsequent CPD-free evolution, we find, by comparison between a planet’s spin-down and a moon’s migration timescales, that hot Jupiters with periods of several days are unlikely to retain large exomoons, albeit they could be surrounded by rings from the debris of tidally disrupted moons. In contrast, moons, if formed around warm or cold Jupiters, can be preserved. Finally, we estimate the radio power and flux density due to the star–planet and planet–moon magnetic interactions and give the upper limit of detection distance by FAST.
Time-lapse Very Long Baseline Interferometry Imaging of the Close Active Binary HR 1099
Authors: Golay Walter W. , Mutel Robert L. , Abbuhl Evan E.
Published: April 2024

We report multiepoch astrometric very long baseline interferometry observations of the chromospherically active binary HR 1099 (V711 Tau, HD 22468) at six epochs over 63 days using the Very Long Baseline Array at 22.2 GHz. We determined hourly radio positions at each epoch with a positional uncertainty significantly smaller than the component separation. The aggregate radio positions at all epochs define an ellipse in the comoving reference frame with an inclination

i
=
39

.°

5

−
3

.°

5

+
3

.°

6

and longitude of ascending node Ω = 212° ± 22°. The ellipse center is offset from the Third Gaia Celestial Reference Frame position by Δα =

−

0.81

−
0.37

+
0.25

, Δδ =

0.45

−
0.25

+
0.23

mas. All radio centroids are well displaced from the binary center of mass at all epochs, ruling out emission from the interbinary region. We examined the motion of the radio centroids within each epoch by comparing hourly positions over several hours. The measured speeds were not statistically significant for five of the six epochs, with 2σ upper limits in the range 200–1000 km s−1. However, for one flaring epoch, there was a 3σ detection v
⊥ = 228 ± 85 km s−1. This speed is comparable to the mean speed of observed coronal mass ejections on the Sun.
SN 2022jox: An Extraordinarily Ordinary Type II SN with Flash Spectroscopy
Authors: Andrews Jennifer E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Bostroem K. Azalee , Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Shrestha Manisha , Jencson Jacob E. , Sand David J. , Valenti S. , Hoang Emily , Janzen Daryl , Lundquist M. J. , Meza Nicolás , Wyatt Samuel , Jha Saurabh W. , Simpson Chris , Farah Joseph , Padilla Gonzalez Estefania , Howell D. Andrew , McCully Curtis , Newsome Megan , Pellegrino Craig , Terreran Giacomo
Published: April 2024

We present high-cadence optical and ultraviolet (UV) observations of the Type II supernova (SN), SN 2022jox which exhibits early spectroscopic high-ionization flash features of H i, He ii, C iv, and N iv that disappear within the first few days after explosion. SN 2022jox was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc survey ∼0.75 day after explosion with follow-up spectra and UV photometry obtained within minutes of discovery. The SN reached a peak brightness of M

V
∼ −17.3 mag, and has an estimated 56Ni mass of 0.04 M
⊙, typical values for normal Type II SNe. The modeling of the early light curve and the strong flash signatures present in the optical spectra indicate interaction with circumstellar material (CSM) created from a progenitor with a mass-loss rate of

M
̇

∼

10

−
3

–

10

−
2

M

⊙

y

r

−
1

. There may also be some indication of late-time CSM interaction in the form of an emission line blueward of Hα seen in spectra around 200 days. The mass-loss rate of SN 2022jox is much higher than the values typically associated with quiescent mass loss from red supergiants, the known progenitors of Type II SNe, but is comparable to inferred values from similar core-collapse SNe with flash features, suggesting an eruptive event or a superwind in the progenitor in the months or years before explosion.
Detection of the Actinide Th in an r-process-enhanced Star with Accretion Origin
Authors: Xing Qianfan , Zhao Gang , Aoki Wako , Li Haining , Zhao Jingkun , Matsuno Tadafumi , Suda Takuma
Published: April 2024

The thorium and six second-peak r-process element (56 ≤ Z ≤ 72) abundances are determined for the α-poor star LAMOST J1124+4535 based on a high-resolution spectrum obtained with the High Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru Telescope. The age of J1124+4535 is 11.3 ± 4.4 Gyr using thorium and other r-process element abundances. J1124+4535 is confirmed to be a Galactic halo metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −1.27 ± 0.1) star with extreme r-process element overabundance ([Eu/Fe] = 1.13 ± 0.08) and α element deficiency ([Mg/Fe] = −0.31 ± 0.09) by the LAMOST-Subaru project. Along with the subsolar α-to-iron ratios (e.g., [Mg/Fe], [Si/Fe], [Ca/Fe]), the relatively low abundances of Na, Cr, Ni, and Zn in J1124+4535 show a significant departure from the general trends of the Galactic halo but are in good agreement with those of dwarf galaxies. The chemical abundances and kinematics of J1124+4535 suggest it was formed in the late stage of star formation in a dwarf galaxy that has been disrupted by the Milky Way. The star formation of its progenitor dwarf galaxy lasted more than 2 Gyr and has been affected by a rare r-process event before the occurrence of accretion event.
Flare Hunting in Hot Subdwarf and White Dwarf Stars from Cycles 1–5 of TESS Photometry
Authors: Xing Keyu , Zong Weikai , Silvotti Roberto , Fu Jian-Ning , Charpinet Stéphane , Cang Tianqi , Hermes J. J. , Ma Xiao-Yu , Wang Haotian , Wang Xuan , Wu Tao , Wang Jiaxin
Published: April 2024

Stellar flares are critical phenomena on stellar surfaces, which are closely tied to stellar magnetism. While extensively studied in main-sequence (MS) stars, their occurrence in evolved compact stars, specifically hot subdwarfs and white dwarfs (WDs), remains scarcely explored. Based on Cycles 1–5 of TESS photometry, we conducted a pioneering survey of flare events in ∼12,000 compact stars, corresponding to ∼38,000 light curves with a 2 minute cadence. Through dedicated techniques for detrending light curves, identifying preliminary flare candidates, and validating them via machine learning, we established a catalog of 1016 flares from 193 compact stars, including 182 from 58 sdB/sdO stars and 834 from 135 WDs, respectively. However, all flaring compact stars showed signs of contamination from nearby objects or companion stars, preventing sole attribution of the detected flares. For WDs, it is highly probable that the flares originated from their cool MS companions. In contrast, the higher luminosities of sdB/sdO stars diminish companion contributions, suggesting that detected flares originated from sdB/sdO stars themselves or through close magnetic interactions with companions. Focusing on a refined sample of 23 flares from 13 sdB/sdO stars, we found their flare frequency distributions were slightly divergent from those of cool MS stars; instead, they resemble those of hot B/A-type MS stars having radiative envelopes. This similarity implies that the flares on sdB/sdO stars, if these flares did originate from them, may share underlying mechanisms with hot MS stars, which warrants further investigation.
Europe. La perception des syndicats par les salarié·es : logiques politiques et sociales ou logiques nationales ?
Authors: Haute Tristan
Published: April 2024

Cet article montre, à partir d’une analyse des données de l’International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) et dans la continuité de précédents travaux, que la perception des syndicats par les salarié·es européen·nes est fortement liée à leurs caractéristiques professionnelles et à leurs attitudes politiques. Contrairement à l’adhésion syndicale, les différences entre pays sont plutôt faibles et ne s’expliquent pas par des facteurs institutionnels nationaux.
Royaume-Uni. Les revenus du travail : une succession de chocs
Authors: Freyssinet Jacques
Published: April 2024

Comme le reste du monde, le Royaume-Uni est frappé à partir de 2019 par des chocs sanitaires et économiques qui se répercutent sur les revenus du travail. Face à la pandémie, le gouvernement adopte des mesures qui les préservent globalement. En revanche, en 2022 et 2023, l’inflation engendre une crise du pouvoir d’achat à l’origine de conflits sociaux d’une ampleur exceptionnelle. Aujourd’hui, la perspective d’une stagnation suivie d’une faible croissance fait prévoir que le niveau du salaire réel ne rattrapera qu’en 2028 son niveau de 2008, à la veille de la crise financière.
Quand des manifestations psychocomportementales impactent la relation soignant-soigné
Authors: Reix Fanny
Published: April 2024

Résumé Nous sommes particulièrement interpellés quand des manifestations psychocomportementales impactent la relation soignant-soigné et complexifient les prises en charge. Nous cherchons alors des clés de compréhension sur des liens possibles entre maladie incurable et répercussions psychiques et relationnelles, et quand cela échappe à notre rationnel, nous avons tendance à les rattacher à des troubles de la personnalité ou des troubles dits psychiatriques.
Les Jeux en valent-ils la chandelle ?
Authors: Gayant Jean-Pascal
Published: April 2024

Cet article détaille tout d’abord les coûts supportés par les villes organisatrices de Jeux olympiques, en se penchant, en particulier, sur la fraction de ces coûts supportée par le contribuable, pour relativiser la validité de la formule « Les Jeux financent les Jeux », abondamment mise en avant par les organisateurs de Paris 2024. L’étude de l’impact économique des Jeux, à court terme et à long terme, permet ensuite de conclure qu’ils sont à l’origine de retombées conséquentes, mais qu’il est vain d’espérer que les citoyens ne soient pas mis à contribution pour compléter le financement de l’événement .
La religion athlétique de Coubertin, admirateur de l’olympisme nazi
Authors: Brohm Jean-Marie
Published: April 2024

Le néo-olympisme que Pierre de Coubertin et ses disciples conçurent comme un mouvement « religieux » (la « religion athlétique ») ne fut pas seulement une vision du monde d’allure mystique, mais aussi une idéologie politique conservatrice sur bien des points réactionnaires : nationaliste, colonialiste, antisocialiste, misogyne. Lors des Jeux olympiques de Berlin en 1936, Coubertin, au nom de « l’idéal olympique » et de sa « flamme », s’aligna totalement sur la propagande du Troisième Reich, allant jusqu’à « félicite[r] hautement M. Hitler, en qui il salue un des plus grands esprits constructeurs de ce temps » .
Les enjeux des cérémonies olympiques
Authors: Bouchet Sylvain
Published: April 2024

Les cérémonies des Jeux olympiques se structurent autour d’un unique rite commun à toute l’humanité. Cette singularité, exceptionnelle, doit beaucoup à son créateur, Pierre de Coubertin, qui saisit d’emblée l’enjeu qu’elles constituent pour son œuvre olympique. Sur un peu plus d’un siècle d’existence, les cérémonies olympiques, pérennes par leur rituel symbolique, reflètent cependant bien d’autres enjeux, en fonction des époques et selon que l’on se place du point de vue du cio ou du pays organisateur. Paris 2024 ne fait pas exception, avec des enjeux, inédits, qui s’entrechoquent comme jamais aux contraintes géopolitiques .
Faire famille et se séparer avec le groupe thérapeutique multifamilial
Authors: Poirier Fabienne
Published: April 2024

Le travail de groupe est assez fréquent en addictologie. Les groupes d’entraide, en général portés par des associations regroupant des pairs, les groupes de parole pour les patients, les groupes de couples, de conjoints ou d’enfants de personnes aux prises avec l’addiction sont fréquents. Les groupes multifamiliaux sont plus rares. Nous avons voulu montrer à travers cet article quel pouvait être le potentiel thérapeutique de ce type de groupe et quelles étaient les conditions pour que ce potentiel se déploie. Appartenir et se différencier sont au cœur des fonctions d’une famille, le groupe thérapeutique multifamilial peut contribuer à activer ces processus.
Book Review: Natale, Simone. Deceitful Media: Artificial Intelligence and Social Life after the Turing Test (New York: Oxford University Press, 2021)
Authors: Narain Mansa
Published: April 2024

Simone Natale’s Deceitful Media offers a compelling examination of AI through the lens of deception, using the controversial demonstration of Google Duplex as an entry point. The book delves into how AI technologies, rather than mimicking human intelligence, alter social interactions and perceptions by exploiting users’ expectations. Natale introduces the concept of “banal deception” to explore how AI developers craft user experiences that rely on subtle, everyday forms of misdirection. Drawing from interdisciplinary sources, Natale situates the discussion in a historical context, referencing Alan Turing and tracing the evolution of AI, including Joseph Weizenbaum’s ELIZA and the Loebner Prize competition. While Natale critiques the ethical and societal implications of AI, he calls for a nuanced understanding of human–AI interactions. Natale’s insightful analysis of voice assistants like Siri underscores concerns over user autonomy and data exploitation. Overall, Deceitful Media invites readers to critically engage with AI’s role in society, offering valuable perspectives for scholars, developers, and policymakers.
Cultures narratives « vernaculaires » et création sociale
Authors: Meizoz Jérôme
Published: April 2024

Comment les pratiques littéraires, et les cultures narratives en général, prennent-elles en charge les mondes « vernaculaires » ? L’article interroge cette notion courante en sciences humaines, reconfigurée par Ivan Illitch (1981) puis par l’anthropologue James Scott (2009). Mis à l’écart par le discours moderniste, les mondes vernaculaires n’en proposent pas moins une critique de la raison savante et des outils de création sociale horizontale, qu’explorent nombre de récits contemporains.
Smart Solutions for Smarter Schools
Authors: Abdallah Asma Khaleel , Abdallah Rasha Khalil
Published: April 2024

At an alarming rate, artificial intelligence (AI) and its application is developing and has become an integral part of people's daily lives. AI seems to promote adaptive learning wherein data mining, learning analytics, and real-time analysis are applied which embraces the process of student learning. Adaptive learning not only collects information about students but also gives information about their behavior; hence, it assists the school leaders to plan optimal learning path for the students. However, technology comes with a lot of challenges and ethical considerations that requires huge attention; henceforth, it is being discussed in the present chapter. Furthermore, AI not only gives personalized learning experience to students but also helps the leaders and faculty members to plan and schedule all tasks under school improvement and development process. The article has also analyzed the changes that policymakers need to emphasize to effectively use and implement AI in the education sector.
Coloniality Forces Within the Cold War and Neocolonialism
Authors: Niyitunga Eric Blanco
Published: April 2024

The troubling question that one needs to answer is whether the African continent's supply of raw materials, which depends on the functionality and advancement of digital technology, is not a significant contribution to the wave of digital technology the global world faces today. If that is reality, how is it that Africa's contributions to digital technology are not recognized, and who will make the world recognize them? This is a troubling question that needs to be answered. The aim of this chapter is to examine coloniality forces within the Cold War and Neocolonialism events and expose factors emerging from them that have hindered Africa's contributions to the digital technology.
Contemporary Leadership Styles and Challenges for Governance
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: April 2024

Leadership styles vary as per the context and environment in which the organizations exist. Today's environment for organizations is not the same as it was two decades back. Globalization, ICT convergence, digitalization, multigenerational workforce, and the recent pandemic have completely changed the environment in which organizations operate and exist. To meet this new changing time, there are challenges that leaders face and hence new styles of leadership are merging which will ensure that governance does not take the back seat but is in line with the changing dynamics and expectations. Adopting a qualitative approach, the aim of this chapter is to deliberate on contemporary leadership styles and discuss the challenges therein for better governance.
The European Union Development Policy and Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations
Authors: Bharti Mukesh Shankar
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the European Union's (EU) developing approach and governance in the implementation of the sustainable development agenda of the United Nations (UN). UN's sustainable development goals are more vibrant to maintain peace and stability in the world. The EU's Global Gateway and Asia-Europe connectivity programme are supporting other nations to work on the SDGs. As a regional organisation, the EU shows enormous intention to eliminate poverty, malnutrition and famine, establish peace, respect for human rights and minority rights, and maintain global warming, biodiversity and the climate. Moreover, the EU also formed bilateral and multilateral level cooperation across the world for the establishment of democratic rule, peace, and prosperity. The EU's policy formulation keeps working on economic, social, and environmental development issues at the global level and supporting the UN mission across the world in different sectors. This research is based on qualitative analysis using primary and secondary literature. In addition, this study also uses the empirical method to discuss the main research gaps and answer major questions related to the SDGs. As a result, the EU has started significant work to achieve the objectives of the SDGs of the UN. The EU has also launched various development programs for the implementation of the SDGs in its member states. In conclusion, the EU's other institutions have been providing funds in different sectors in the Asian, African, Latin American, and Pacific countries under the SDGs.
Navigating the Journey
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Naeem Muhammad Khizar Hayat , Mobo Froilan Delute , Tahir Muhammad Waqas , Akram Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The incorporation of chatbots within the tourism and hospitality sectors signals a transformative era aimed at enhancing customer engagement, operational efficiency, and industry responsiveness. With their diverse capabilities spanning from personalized recommendations to seamless booking processes, chatbots revolutionize the way travelers interact with service providers. Powered by cutting-edge technologies like natural language processing and machine learning, chatbots facilitate seamless communication channels, offering timely assistance and valuable insights to travelers. In the hospitality domain, chatbots serve as indispensable virtual concierges, ensuring round-the-clock customer support, personalized recommendations, and streamlined reservation management. However, the integration of chatbots also presents challenges, including data security concerns and the need for continuous innovation. By navigating through these challenges, stakeholders can unlock the full potential of chatbot technology, paving the way for exceptional guest experiences and sustained industry innovation.
Harmonizing Perspectives on Diversity and Inclusion in Supply Chain Team Dynamics
Authors: Caylan Senay , Mızrak Kagan Cenk
Published: April 2024

This chapter aims to analyze the studies on diversity and inclusion (D&I) within the context of supply chain teams. As organizations strive to adapt to an ever evolving and interconnected market, the composition and dynamics of supply chain teams have become critical components for sustainable growth and competitive advantage. This literature review seeks to unravel the multifaceted implications of diversity and inclusion within supply chain teams, examining the existing body of knowledge on how diverse backgrounds, perspectives, and experiences contribute to improved problem-solving, creativity, and adaptability. By exploring the nuances of diversity management, organizational culture, and the intersectionality of identities within supply chain contexts, this review aims to provide valuable insights for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers alike.
Empowering Marketing Intelligence via Text Analytics
Authors: Çam Selim
Published: April 2024

Today's economic world has created incredible opportunities for businesses to drive digital transformation through new intelligent systems and services, from big data to marketing intelligence. This has increased the need for computer-aided text analytics. The inadequacy of the classical marketing information system structure has caused the information flow in marketing to evolve into marketing intelligence. The orientation in marketing intelligence is linked to a fundamental marketing innovation that businesses cannot avoid, and to the structure and quality of the data from which the information will be obtained. Although text mining and analytics studies are frequently associated with marketing research in the literature, it is not seen that text analytics studies are addressed within the scope of marketing intelligence. The current chapter aims to examine how textual data, which can be expressed as an undeniable dimension of marketing intelligence, strengthens marketing intelligence with the support of literature.
Self-Promotion Strategies on Instagram
Authors: Pinto Mariana Oliveira , Teixeira Sara , Oliveira Zaila Maria
Published: April 2024

This research aims to provide an overview of the main self-promotion strategies used on Instagram. It considers the case study of a digital influencer, analyzing her activity on this social network, as well as her relationship with brands, agencies, and followers. A mixed methodology was used, combining qualitative techniques, with interviews with a digital micro-influencer, her advertising agency, and a partner brand, and quantitative techniques, with a questionnaire to the followers (n=927). It was possible to conclude that several self-promotion strategies prove to be effective for the success of digital influencers and, consequently, for digital marketers and brands. The main strategies for self-promotion through Instagram that were found to be effective were: awareness, honesty, sincerity, and a spirit of work; authenticity (being different from other influencers); dedication to their audience; a very well-defined content strategy aimed at their target audience; consistency; one-way communication; and sharing reality.
The Impact of Electronic Word-of-Mouth on the Purchase Intention of Tourists on Online Hotel Booking Applications
Authors: Nguyen Dao Thi Bich , Nguyen Van Thi Khanh
Published: April 2024

The study emphasizes the growing significance of electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM) in marketing, especially in service industries like tourism. Employing a research model combining the information adoption model (IAM) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the study investigates factors influencing EWOM adoption on online travel agency (OTA) platforms using data from 286 Ho Chi Minh City tourists. Analyzing the data through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM), the results highlight positive relationships between information quantity and product ranking with EWOM adoption. However, information credibility, quality, and reviewer expertise do not directly impact adoption. EWOM adoption directly influences purchasing intention and indirectly affects it through attitude and subjective norm. The findings offer insights for managers to develop effective strategies and enhance competitiveness in the hospitality industry.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease in South Korea: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data
Authors: Lee Geunin , Kim Sol , Chang Shihwan , Sohn Hojoon , Kang Young Ae , Park Youngmok
Published: April 2024

Background: Despite the global increase in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), clinical characteristics show geographical variations. We investigated the clinical characteristics of patients with NTM-PD in South Korea.Methods: We systematically reviewed articles concerning patients with NTM-PD in South Korea until February 2022. Individual participant data, regardless of treatment, were collected using a standard case report form.Results: Data of 6,489 patients from 11 hospitals between 2002 and 2019 were analyzed. The mean age was 61.5±11.7 years, of whom 57.7% were women. Mycobacterium avium (41.4%) and Mycobacterium intracellulare (38.4%) comprised most of the causative species, followed by Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus (8.6%) and M. abscessus subspecies massiliense (7.8%). Bronchiectasis (59.4%) was the most common pulmonary comorbidity. Although reported cases of NTM-PD increased over the years, the proportions of causative species and radiologic forms remained similar. Distinct clinical characteristics were observed according to age and sex. Men were older at the time of diagnosis (median 63.8 years vs. 59.9 years, p<0.001), and had more cavitary lesions than women (38.8% vs. 21.0%, p<0.001). The older group (≥65 years) had higher proportions of patients with body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 (27.4% vs. 18.6%, p<0.001) and cavitary lesions (29.9% vs. 27.6%, p=0.009) than the younger group.Conclusion: We conducted a meta-analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients with NTM-PD in South Korea, and found age- and sex-related differences in disease- specific severity. Further investigation would enhance our comprehension of the nature of the disease, and inherited and acquired host factors.
Impatto della pandemia da COVID-19 sulle madri di neonati pretermine assistiti in Terapia Intensiva: studio osservazionale sui vissuti e sull’attaccamento materno-infantile
Authors: Piccolo Rossella , El Sayed Sara , Bove Davide
Published: April 2024

Introduzione: la pandemia da COVID-19 ha causato la trasformazione dei servizi sanitari e dei percorsi assistenziali. Le severe restrizioni per l’accesso alle U.T.I.N. hanno aumentato il rischio di compromissione dell’attaccamento materno-infantile.
Obiettivo: analizzare l’esperienza delle madri di neonati pretermine ricoverati in U.T.I.N. durante la pandemia.
Materiali e Metodi: studio osservazionale sulle madri di neonati pretermine, tra Giugno 2021 e Marzo 2022, in una U.T.I.N. di Napoli. I dati sono stati raccolti durante e dopo la degenza, utilizzando due questionari e quattro scale di valutazione.
Risultati: oltre il 90% delle madri ha presentato un Disturbo Post Traumatico da Stress. Il livello di stress situazionale è risultato elevato in tutti gli indici misurati. Il supporto infermieristico percepito è risultato di 3,57/5. L’attaccamento materno post-natale è risultato di 82,95/93.
Discussione: lo stress e la difficoltà nel gestire le emozioni hanno avuto effetti fortemente negativi sulle madri e sul ruolo genitoriale; tuttavia, le cure infermieristiche ricevute hanno favorito lo sviluppo di un positivo attaccamento con il bambino.
Conclusioni: gli infermieri di assistenza neonatale hanno offerto un efficace supporto umano e professionale alle madri di neonati pretermine. In futuro, sarà necessario implementare modelli organizzativi finalizzati a ridurre al minimo la separazione tra genitori e neonati.
Point-of-care tests for human papillomavirus detection in uterine cervical samples: A review of advances in resource-constrained settings
Authors: Gupta Ruchika , Gupta Sanjay
Published: April 2024

Incidence of cervical cancer and associated mortality are still high in resource-constrained countries due to the lack of infrastructural facilities and trained workforce. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening tests offer a better sensitivity (>90%) for the detection of cervical high-grade lesions. However, these tests usually require an extensive laboratory set-up and trained technical staff. Moreover, the high cost of the currently available and approved HPV tests precludes their use in the cervical cancer screening programmes in resource-limited settings. Hence, there is a felt need for a low-cost point-of-care (POC) HPV test with good performance characteristics to help augment cervical cancer screening in such settings. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated a good sensitivity and specificity for two of the commercially available POC HPV tests. The present review discusses the merits and limitations of the current commercially available POC and near-POC devices for HPV-based cervical cancer screening. The technologies that have the potential to be developed into low-cost POC tests and newer promising modalities for HPV-based POC or near POC have also been highlighted. This review underscores the need for collaborative and coordinated research for development of POC or near-POC HPV-based tests to be used in cervical cancer screening. Efforts need to be focussed on technologies that offer ease of performance without the requirement of sophisticated equipment or extensive sample pre-processing coupled with a good sensitivity and cost-effectiveness.