bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The foundation of Kievan Metropolia in light of the latest scientific data
Authors: Ul'yanov Oleg
Published: April 2021

This article covers the foundation of Kievan Metropolia, which remains a stumbling stone for the modern historians. The author draws parallels between the opinions of experts of the past (G. Geltzer, J. Darrouzès, M. D. Priselkov, A. Poppen and E. Honigmann) and the latest scientific data. In the middle of the XX century, the Byzantinist E. Honigmann was first to use in solution of this problem the Byzantine codes of cannon – lists of metropolias of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (notitiae episcopatuum). The modern Russian historiography proves the hypothesis of E. Honigmann that “the Russian Metropolia as a part of Tsarigrad Patriarchate was established by 997 at the latest”. However, the latest research confute the outdated argument that Kievan Metropolia initially was under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. This article is first to introduce the Byzantine source of the late X century – the message of Leo of Synada to the anonymous Metropolis of Ephesus from the collection Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (Cod. Vindob. Phil. Gr. 342. fol. 163v, 166v-167v.). Although, the Vienna manuscript has been subjected to detailed description in a number of works, with regards to realities of the time of Christianization of Rus’ is examined for the first time. The unique information from the message of Leo of Synada about the Metropolis of Ephesus as “Head of the Church” was verified based on the paramount post-Byzantine monument of the XVI century, which is the synodic “assertive” charter of the Patriarch of Constantinople Joasaph II (of December 1560). The comparative analysis of Byzantine sources of the X and the XVI centuries, which contain identical information on this topic, confirms that namely Metropolitan of Ephesus, endowed with patriarchal dignity and nominated as “head of the Church” in the Greek manuscript of the X century from the collection Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, became the legitimate participant of creation of the autocephalous Kievan Metropolia since the time of Christianization of Rus’ by Vladimir the Great.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Sharp Indonesia di Era Pandemi Covid-19 dan Kenormalan Baru
Authors: Wibowo Pandu Setio
Published: April 2021

Dampak pandemi COVID-19 telah merubah seluruh tatanan kehidupan masyarakat, era kenormalan baru menjadi sesuatu yang harus dijalani.  Komunikasi pemasaran pun menjadi salah satu dari banyak hal yang harus melakukan penyesuaian. Dalam keterbatasan setiap merek tetap harus melakukan komunikasi pemasaran guna menyampaikan pesan kepada konsumennya. Setiap merek dituntut untuk melakukan komunikasi pemasaran yang efektif dan tepat sasaran sesuai dengan kondisi yang dialami oleh konsumennya. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada strategi komunikasi pemasaran Sharp Electronics Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh PT Sharp Electronics Indonesia guna meningkatkan daya beli dan mempertahankan kesadaran merek Sharp oleh konsumennya di masa pandemi COVID-19 dimana seluruh masyarakat Indonesia diharuskan untuk mengurangi  interaksi  sosial  secara  langsung  (social  distancing).  Objek penelitian ini adalah strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh divisi komunikasi pemasaran PT Sharp Electronics Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data diambil dari wawancara, observasi dan penelusuran pustaka. Melalui  penelitian ini dihasilkan informasi yang megungkapkan jika Sharp Indonesia mampu menemukan strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang tepat dimana Sharp Indonesia sangat memahami situasi yang terjadi dengan mengkomunikasikan mereknya melalui bauran komunikasi pemasaran yang terintegrasi hingga Sharp tetap dapat menjaga kesadaran mereknya di tengah masa pandemic COVID-19 ini  yang berdampak pada meningkatnya transaksi penjualan melalui kanal digital dan mempertahankan loyalitas pelanggan.
Pemanfaatan Sistem Manajemen Pembelajaran Bagi Guru dan Orang Tua Siswa Disabilitas Netra di SLB A Pembina Tingkat Nasional
Authors: Prestianta Albertus Magnus , Bangun Cendera Rizky Anugrah , Perdana Inco Hary , Vivrie Theresia Lavietha
Published: April 2021

Internet dan teknologi digital telah mengubah seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, salah satunya pendidikan. Kehadiran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) memungkinkan penyelenggaraan pendidikan secara daring. Pandemi COVID-19 menunjukkan bahwa TIK kini adalah bagian yang tak terpisahkan dalam pendidikan. Namun, tidak semua orang bisa mengakses pendidikan secara daring dengan optimal. Penyandang disabilitas netra adalah salah satu yang menghadapi kendala dalam pembelajaran. SLB A Pembina Tingkat Nasional belum sepenuhnya siap untuk menjalani pembelajaran daring. Guru masih harus beradaptasi dengan teknologi dan sistem manajemen belajar daring yang tidak sederhana. Orang tua atau pendamping siswa tuna netra juga perlu mendapatkan edukasi berkaitan dengan proses belajar daring. Sementara siswa juga perlu diajarkan agar dapat belajar daring secara mandiri. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini dilakukan guna meningkatkan kemampuan guru dan orang tua/ pendamping siswa dalam hal sistem manajemen belajar daring agar dapat memandu siswa beraktivitas. Secara bersamaan PKM ini mendorong guru dan orang tua untuk membangun komunikasi yang dinamis dan transaksional yang berkesinambungan agar siswa berkebutuhan dapat belajar dari rumah secara optimal.Kata Kunci: Sistem manajemen pembelajaran; Disabilitas; Covid-19; Belajar Daring; Komunikasi Transaksional
Model Perilaku Komunikasi Generasi Muda Dalam Pemanfaatan Media Digital Memasuki Era 4.0 Dan 5.0 di Kecamatan Kuranji
Authors: Zis Sirajul Fuad , Dewi Rahmi Surya , Efendi Zainal
Published: April 2021

Changes in the communication behavior of millennial generation and generation Z in the digital era have shifted from the previous period, these changes can be seen in everyday life the lack of face-to-face interactions. Based on this, this study aims to analyze how the communication behavior of millennials and generation Z in the digital era. This study used a qualitative method with the Alfred Schutz model. The results showed four new behaviors were formed, namely the first behavior, the communication process became passive, the second behavior reduced face-to-face communication, the third behavior was unfocused communication, the fourth behavior was the dynamics of online communication.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE AMONG BACHELORS IN PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION (HISTORY AND LAW SPECIALTY) IN THE CONTEXT OF FEDERAL STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION 3 ++
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, KANAEV A.G. , CHAVKINA O.V. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. The relevance of the study is due to the need to search for new and effective approaches that contribute to the formation of professional competencies among bachelors studying at the KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev in the training program 44.03.05 Pedagogical education (with two specialty profiles in History and Law). The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of professional competence and to present a methodology for studying historical and legal acts in the course of the General History of State and Law, contributing to the formation of professional competence among bachelors (History and Law specialty) according to the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3 ++. The research methodology is based on regulatory legal acts in the field of higher professional education (Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3 ++, course curriculum in General History of State and Law); competence-based approach; analysis of literature and scientific publications in the field of the formulated problem. Research results. The definition of professional competence among bachelors in the pedagogical field of training has been clarified. From the standpoint of the competence-based approach, a method is proposed for studying historical and legal acts in the course on General History of State and Law using the following teaching methods within the framework of traditional teaching technology – conversation, independent work with a historical and legal source of the 16th century, dialogue (discussion) and solving practical problems. Conclusions. Development of professional competence among bachelors in the field of 44.03.05 Pedagogical education (with two specialty profiles in History and Law) in the course of studying the historical and legal topic is largely influenced by cognitive activity, self-improvement, ability to work in a team, ability to think critically that is achieved during seminars via enlarged conversation, independent work with a historical and legal document, dialogue (discussion) methods of active learning and solving practical problems. The use of these teaching methods contributes largely to the formation of professional competencies among bachelors in the context of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3 ++.
COMPUTERIZED DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS’ APTITUDE FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE TENSES
Authors:   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk), PEREGUDOVA I.P. , DYACHUK P.P. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, SHADRIN I.V. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, VIDENIN S.A. ,   Siberian Federal University (Krasnoyarsk)
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. Computerized dynamic assessment of aptitude for learning foreign languages ​​is insufficiently represented in educational practice. The paper reveals new possibilities of using information technologies for solving a topical issue of diagnosing aptitude for learning a foreign language as an integral dynamic indicator for monitoring the quality of foreign language teaching. The instrumental basis for the computerized dynamic assessment of learning criteria is the dynamic computerized test simulators (DCTS) of educational activity. The purpose of the article is to study the potential of dynamic computer test simulators “English Language Tenses” as an instrument of dynamic assessment of students’ aptitude for learning the English language verbal tenses. Research methodology includes analysis of studies by Russian and international scientists on computerization of dynamic assessment of English language learning. The methods used in the computerization of dynamic learning assessment are based on the theory of development by J. Piaget, reinforcement learning, activity and environment approaches to the analysis of procedural characteristics of learning activities. Research results. We developed instrumental tools for diagnostics of learning aptitude – DCTS “English Language Tenses”. Experimentally, two groups of subjects were chosen so that they differed from each other in the dynamics of procedural characteristics of educational activity: the first group was characterized by a monotonous decrease in the number of errors with an increase in the number of the task being performed; the second group was characterized by a non-monotonous decrease in the number of errors, disturbed by an abrupt increase in the number of errors. The subjects of the first student group, as a rule, have a greater learning potential or learning aptitude, in comparison with the subjects of the second group. Approbation was carried out and recommendations were given for the use of the DCTS “English Language Tenses” for monitoring the process of teaching English. Conclusions. Analyzing the results of experimental testing of the DCTS “English Language Tenses” in the dynamic assessment of English learning, the authors come to the conclusion that it is advisable to use the procedural characteristics of learning activities: labor intensity, temporal pace, frequency of errors and reinforcement of learning activities as indicators for monitoring English language learning. The considered approach to the diagnostics of students’ aptitude for learning the tenses of the English language provides information about features of developing cognitive functions in students.
IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHING SKILLS AMONG VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN INFORMATIONALLY RICH EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Solnechny Industrial Vocational School, YAKUMOV A.A. , BLINOV L.V. ,   Pacific National University, GORDIN S.A. ,   Komsomolskna- Amure State University
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. This article formulates and analyzes the problem of creating organizational and pedagogical conditions for development of professional skills among vocational education teachers via informationally rich educational environment created in a technical school. The purpose of the article is to experimentally prove that specially organized pedagogical activity of teachers in the field of vocational education develops their professional skills in the informationally rich educational environment. Methodology (materials and methods). The concepts of personally oriented and cultural approaches [Rogova 2016] made up the research methodology in terms of its logic and the processes being examined. They also gave an opportunity to determine the components and direction of vocational training and self-improvement among teachers in the field of vocational education. The concepts of continuous pedagogical education [Livingstone, 2001] served as the ground for revealing the potential of informationally rich educational environment and ways of its realization as a factor of professional skills development. Conclusion. Organizational and pedagogical conditions for realization of informationally rich educational environment potential and improvement of teachers’ professional skills have found practical use and have been tested in the natural environment of the secondary vocational education system. The main output of our work is mathematically confirmed effectiveness of these organizational and pedagogical conditions for development of professional skills among modern teachers of vocational education.
COLOR PREFERENCES IN ADOLESCENCE AND EARLY ADULTHOOD AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, BOLSHUNOVA N.Ya. , KHROMOVA T.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. The article examines the problem of studying an emotional sphere of a personality, in particular, emotional intelligence, in modern socio-cultural conditions, due to the change in human relations with the real and virtual world and the need for special efforts aimed at developing an emotional sphere of an individual. The importance of age-relevant emotional intelligence development is highlighted. The purpose of the article is to identify the age specificity of color preferences and their connection with some personality traits presented in the parameters of emotional intelligence in adolescence and early adulthood. The research methodology consists of the works of Russian and international authors in relation to color, which forms the space of a person’s life, has a multi-level effect on his/her emotional sphere and contributes to its enrichment; analysis and synthesis of provisions on the relationship between color perception and emotions. Research results. The study made it possible to establish that adolescence and early adulthood are characterized by preference for different colors, and the preferred colors are interrelated with different aspects of emotional intelligence, reflecting the age-specific emotional and personal characteristics. These data, on the one hand, can help in understanding the specifics of the emotional sphere of adolescents and young people, and on the other hand, they create prerequisites for the development of normative criteria for diagnosing color preferences as markers of emotional states at a certain age. Conclusion. The results of the study contribute to the development of ideas about the relationship of color preferences with emotional intelligence in adolescence and early adulthood. Its main provisions can be applied by practical psychologists to use color as a tool for diagnosing and correcting emotional states and emotional intelligence, as well as to regulate emotional states through color environment.
FEATURES OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AMONG SURGEONS AND PHYSICIANS
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, SELEZNEVA N.T. , LANDENOK A.V. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. The article provides a review of international and Russian sources on communicative competence of doctors. Notable are inconsistencies between modern requirements to the quality of medical care and the real level of communicative competence among doctors, as well as difficulties experienced by doctors in communicating with patients and their relatives. The purpose of the article is to analyze features of communicative competence in surgeons and physicians. Research methodology comprises the activity approach: principle of determinism, principle of the unity of consciousness and activity (L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, V.A. Petrovsky D.B. Elkonin, et al.); the system approach: principle of systematicity, principle of development (B. G. Ananyev, A.Y. Varga, B.F. Lomov, I.M. Sechenov, et al.); the subject-activity approach: principle of relation between individual and social (K.A. Abulkhanova, A.V. Brushlinsky, A.L. Zhuravlev, S.L. Rubinstein, E.A. Sergienko, V.L. Slobodchikov, et al.). Research was conducted at a medical institution in Krasnoyarsk. The sample consisted of 20 physicians and 30 surgeons, giving a total of 50. All the doctors work at hospitals with patients. Their period of service ranges from five years and above. The following methods were applied during the research: the individual typological questionnaire created by L. N. Sobchik and the test on communicative and organizational aptitudes created by V.V. Sinyavsky and V.A. Fedoroshin. Research results. The research showed that surgeons possess a greater aptitude for types of behavior corresponding to leadership, nonconformity, conflict, and individualism. Physicians are more prone to types of behavior corresponding to individualism, conformism, and compromise. This suggests that the latter have a greater aptitude for interacting with patients in a productive manner. At the same time, the majority of doctors of both types (over 63 %) had ‘low’ and ‘below average’ level of communicative and organizational aptitudes. This indicates possible difficulties in communication with patients, which can be expressed in either a lack of desire to initiate communication or in avoidance of frequent direct contact. Conclusion. It has been concluded that one of the necessary conditions for effective ‘doctor and patient’ relationships is a well-developed communicative competence among doctors. Doctors experience less stress at work if they are able to efficiently communicate with patients, and, consequently, this reduces the risk of burnout.
ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTING IN ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT CHILDREN
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, SAFONOVA M.V. , KOSINOVA M.A. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, ROMANOVA E.A. ,   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. Solving the problem of psychological and pedagogical support for parents requires studying the request for psychological assistance from their side. In our opinion, this can be done by studying social ideas of modern parents about various aspects of the parenthood phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to present a comparative analysis of semantic cores of ideas about parenthood in adults with and without children. Materials and methods. The research methodology is represented by the concept of social representations by S. Moscovici, as well as generalized studies in the field of social representations by Russian and foreign scientists (K. A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya, G. M. Andreeva, E. Yu. Artemyeva, O. E. Baskansky, I. B. Bovina, M. I. Volovikova, T. P. Emelyanova, I. Markova, L. G. Pochebut, P. N. Shikhirev, E. V. Yakimova, J. K. Abrik, P. Verges, D. Jodle). Research results. The core of ideas about parenting in adults with and without children are concepts that reflect emotional and behavioral components of parenthood. According to Russian adults who do not have children, parenthood is a responsible and very complex phenomenon, and this can make them postpone child birth. In the minds of potential parents, there is a fairly idealized image of a parent who has remarkable personal qualities, is understanding, caring, and knows how to raise a model child. This largely explains their references to “not being ready” to be a parent, as well as subsequent dissatisfaction with the experience of parenthood, when the ideal image does not correspond to reality. Conclusion. Differences in understanding the concept of parenting in people who have and do not have children clearly describe the crisis experienced by parents when their expectations of parenthood do not meet the reality in which the parental role is performed. In this regard, programs of psychological preparation for parenthood are important, as well as psychological and pedagogical support for young parents in the process of developing their parental competence.
METHODOLOGY FOR SPORTS-ORIENTED SELECTION OF ADOLESCENTS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR ABILITY TO SOLVE MOTOR TASKS
Authors:   Minicipal Budgetary Institution “Sport School of Olympic Reserve “Angara”, RZHANOV A.A.
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. Development of high-performance sports is inextricably linked with the development of new effective ways to identify the innate inclinations of children and their abilities to engage in certain sports. Particular attention in this issue is given to psychological and psychomotor characteristics that contribute to the choice of specialization and the search for potentially capable children for a certain type of activity in sports. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for the sports-oriented selection of adolescents on the basis of their psychological and psychomotor characteristics, and the ability to solve motor tasks. The research methodology is based on the main principles of the theory of abilities, well-known works on the study of psychological and psychomotor characteristics of children. In the practical part of the study, well-known questionnaires and tests were used. For two years, groups of young athletes aged 9 to 13 years old were tested to identify the most capable of playing sports. At the end of the experiment, the average indicators for the studied parameters and outstanding results were determined. This, together with a certain temperament and indirect features, makes it possible to describe further development of inclinations into possible abilities. Research results. A methodology for revealing the ability of adolescents to engage in a certain kind of sport has been developed based on the dynamics of indicators of psychomotor characteristics. Conclusion. It was revealed and substantiated that the outstanding results of the subjects have a significant superiority in relation to the average group by more than two times. This characterizes the abilities of a teenager and determines the direction in which he/she is able to develop, realize hereditary abilities and show high sports results in the future.
CONTENT AND STRUCTURE OF FUTURE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ PREPAREDNESS TO ORGANIZE MOBILE LEARNING FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors:   Elabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University, SHARAFEEVA L.R.
Published: April 2021

Statement of the problem. In the context of digitalization of education, the main prerequisite is creation of a digital educational environment that opens up new opportunities: learning at any convenient time, continuous education, the ability to design individual educational routes, transfer from digital resource consumers to digital resource creators. Various digital educational resources, distance learning platforms, cloud technologies, and the use of mobile devices help realize these opportunities. The pedagogical community is developing modern formats to introduce mobile devices into the educational process. Mobile technologies arouse students’ increased motivation and interest in learning, help expand the horizons of knowledge acquisition and build an individual learning roadmap – all this leads to the improved quality of education. Today we see the need to introduce mobile technologies into the educational process and at the same time we see insufficient knowledge about the didactic potential of using mobile devices and services in the learning process, as well as issues of training personnel for organizing mobile learning for schoolchildren. The purpose of the article is to determine the content and structure of future mathematics teachers’ preparedness to organize mobile learning for schoolchildren. Methodology (materials and methods) includes analysis and synthesis of the works of Russian and foreign researchers on the problem under study, as well as the experience of training teachers in the field of information and communication technologies. Research results. An essential prerequisite for the performance effectiveness is the person’s preparedness for its implementation. In this study, we examined the preparedness of future mathematics teachers to organize schoolchildren’s mobile learning as a personality education that has a systemic, complex structure and acts as a set of motivational, personal, theoretical, activity-related and reflective components. In the structure of the activity component, we identified three levels of preparedness of future mathematics teachers to organize schoolchildren’s mobile learning (basic, creative, and professional). Conclusion. The maturity of these components helps future teachers of mathematics to organize schoolchildren’ mobile learning in line with the requirements of modern education, thereby preparing the younger generation for study, life, and work in a dynamically changing world.
A relevância da enfermagem a mulher vítima de violência doméstica
Authors: Dos Santos Mauro Souza , Laurido Maria Gorete Repolho , Da Silva Marcela Gonçalves , Pinto Denizângela Martins , Farias Jhully do Socorro Reis , Lino Priscilla Caroline de Souza Saraiva , Melo Simone Cristina da Silva
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: O presente artigo teve como objetivo geral descrever a relevância da enfermagem a mulher vítima de violência doméstica. Métodos: O estudo trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, do tipo Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. Para coleta de dados, foram utilizadas as bibliotecas virtuais de pesquisa: Biblioteca Científica Eletrônica Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Resultados: A assistência as vítimas, é necessário a atendimento de qualidade e com atendimento da equipe multiprofissional da forma que possam tratar a lesão, mas também orientar e encaminhar a vítima para os serviços especializados com os atendimentos seguindo o passo a passo. Considerações finais: Sendo assim é de extrema necessidade que as mulheres tenham conhecimento e saibam utilizar seus direitos a fim de se libertarem da violência e da opressão a que estão subjugadas na esfera doméstica, após a promulgação da Lei Maria da Penha, as mulheres passaram a se achar mais empoderadas, mas ainda não é suficiente para que consigam competir com os homens de forma igualitária.
Low proficiency students: can we help them to speak confidently?
Authors: Musa Muriatul Khusmah , Ismail Rushita
Published: April 2021

This action research was carried out to find out whether the speaking activities that were done during English lessons could encourage the low proficiency students to speak English confidently. These students admitted that they were afraid of speaking English, particularly in front of their classmates. They had very low self- confidence and felt very anxious when they were asked to speak or present in English. For this research, five speaking tasks were incorporated in the English class with the aim of building up students’ confidence and at the same time encouraging them to speak and participate in the English speaking activities. The five tasks were: self- introduction, fairy tale role-play, open mic, product advertisement campaign and group decision making. These activities were carried out individually as well as in small groups. In short, all the students were given an equal chance to speak English and actively participate as individuals and as group members. Students’ positive responses signify the speaking tasks have helped to reduce their speaking anxiety, build up their confidence in speaking English and improve their speaking skills.
DEVELOPING HoPALM AS TEACHING MATERIALS FOR SECONDARY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sauramanda Asih , Wajdi Majid , Supardi Iwan
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to develop a product named HoPALM, hot-potatoes assisted listening material for secondary high school students. This research applied development research and ADDIE procedure. In the analysis stage, the researcher found the fundamental problems and needs of the students as well as the opportunity as the background of developing HoPALM. In the designing and developing stage, the researcher collected the sources that needed and develop HoPALM by using the features available on the hot-potatoes program. After the product assessed by the material content and the multimedia experts, HoPALM considered as valid and applicable to use, the researcher implemented the product to the two school targets, SMA Negeri 1 and 2 Sungai Kakap. According to 208 students from two schools, as many as 156 students or 75% of them feel more motivated and prefer to learn English. As many as 123 students or 59.1% of them were able to overcome difficulties encountered. 120 students or 57.7% admitted that their listening ability increased. Furthermore, although not spontaneously, as many as 196 students or 95.6%, confessed being able to understand what they are listening to, especially if there are images in that section. Most importantly, as many as 120 students or 57.7% more motivated in learning English.
An investigation into metaphor use in learner language: the interaction of word class and L1
Authors: Hadidi Yaser , Behshad Nastaran
Published: April 2021

This study aims at investigating the use of metaphor in learner language with a focus on interaction of word class and L1. The findings of previous studies on metaphor use in learner language point to the fact that metaphor is found in all word classes in learners’ written production, but that some word classes clearly favor metaphorical usage more than others. In similar fashion, the present investigation looked into the interaction between metaphor, word class, and L1, although within a single register and text type, i.e. argumentative essays produced by 20 novice writers. The model underlying the current study was Conceptual Metaphor Theory by Lakoff and Johnson (1980). Identification of metaphors was carried out based on MIP (Metaphor Identification Procedure) (Pragglejaz Group, 2007), a reliable and explicit tool for marking and identifying metaphorically used words. The hypothesis, based on previous research establishing this finding, was that prepositions top the list in this regard, being by far the most metaphorical word class. The cognitive predispositions made available by the student’s L1 are also of importance in this equation. Similar research would advance our understanding of the role of metaphor teaching, and in what form and to what degree it should be explicitly carried out.
CAE-COVIDX: automatic covid-19 disease detection based on x-ray images using enhanced deep convolutional and autoencoder
Authors: Hanafi Hanafi , Pranolo Andri , Mao Yingchi
Published: April 2021

Since the first case in 2019, Corona Virus has been spreading all over the world. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that COVID-19 had become an international pandemic. There is an essential section to handle the spreading of the virus by immediate virus detection for patients. Traditional medical detection requires a long time, a specific laboratory, and a high cost. A method for detecting Covid-19 faster compared to common approaches, such as RT-PCR detection, is needed. The method demonstrated that it could produce an X-ray image with higher accuracy and consumed less time. We propose a novel method to extract image features and to classify COVID-19 using deep CNN combined with Autoencoder (AE) dubbed CAE-COVIDX. We evaluated and compared it with the traditional CNN and existing framework VGG16 involving 400 normal images of non-COVID19 and 400 positive COVID-19 diseases. The performance evaluation was conducted using accuracy, confusion matrix, and loss evaluation. Based on experiment results, the CAE-COVIDX framework outperforms previous methods in several testing scenarios. This framework's ability to detect Covid-19 in various nonstandard image X-rays could effectively help medical employers diagnose Covid-19 patients. It is an important factor to decrease the spreading of Covid-19 massively.
Constructing decision rules from naive bayes model for robust and low complexity classification
Authors: Al-Aaraji Nabeel Hashim , Al-Mamory Safaa Obayes , Al-Shakarchi Ali Hashim
Published: April 2021

A large spectrum of classifiers has been described in the literature. One attractive classification technique is a Naïve Bayes (NB) which has been relayed on probability theory. NB has two major limitations: First, it requires to rescan the dataset and applying a set of equations each time to classify instances, which is an expensive step if a dataset is relatively large. Second, NB may remain challenging for non-statisticians to understand the deep work of a model. On the other hand, Rule-Based classifiers (RBCs) have used IF-THEN rules (henceforth, rule-set), which are more comprehensible and less complex for classification tasks. For elevating NB limitations, this paper presents a method for constructing a rule-set from the NB model, which serves as RBC. Experiments of the constructing rule-set have been conducted on (Iris, WBC, Vote) datasets. Coverage, Accuracy, M-Estimate, and Laplace are crucial evaluation metrics that have been projected to rule-set. In some datasets, the rule-set obtains significant accuracy results that reach 95.33 %, 95.17% for Iris and vote datasets, respectively. The constructed rule-set can mimic the classification capability of NB, provide a visual representation of the model, express rules infidelity with acceptable accuracy; an easier method to interpreting and adjusting from the original model. Hence, the rule-set will provide a comprehensible and lightweight model than NB itself.
Coloring picture fuzzy graphs through their cuts and its computation
Authors: Rosyida Isnaini , Suryono Suryono
Published: April 2021

In a fuzzy set (FS), there is a concept of alpha-cuts of the FS for alpha in [0,1]. Further, this concept was extended into (alpha,delta)-cuts in an intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) for delta in [0,1]. One of the expansions of FS and IFS is the picture fuzzy set (PFS). Hence, the concept of (alpha,delta)-cuts was developed into (alpha,delta,beta)-cuts in a PFS where beta is an element of [0,1]. Since a picture fuzzy graph (PFG) consists of picture fuzzy vertex or edge sets or both of them, we have an idea to construct the notion of the (alpha,delta,beta)-cuts in a PFG. The steps used in this paper are developing theories and algorithms. The objectives in this research are to construct the concept of (alpha,delta,beta)-cuts in picture fuzzy graphs (PFGs), to construct the (alpha,delta,beta)-cuts coloring of PFGs, and to design an algorithm for finding the cut chromatic numbers of PFGs. The first result is a definition of the (alpha,delta,beta)-cut in picture fuzzy graphs (PFGs) where (alpha,delta,beta) are elements of a level set of the PFGs. Further, some properties of the cuts are proved. The second result is a concept of PFG coloring and the chromatic number of PFG based on the cuts. The third result is an algorithm to find the cuts and the chromatic numbers of PFGs. Finally, an evaluation of the algorithm is done through Matlab programming. This research could be used to solve some problems related to theories and applications of PFGs.
Türkiye genelinde renal replasman tedavisine ihtiyaç duyacak olan hasta sayısının GM (1,1) ve OGM (1,1) ile tahmin edilmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Tezcan , OCAK Saffet
Published: April 2021

Amaç: 2018-2023 yılları arasında RRT tedavisi görmesi gerekecek hasta sayısını tahmin etmektir. Yöntem: Tahmin etme sürecinde genel olarak zaman serilerinin tahmin edilmesinde kullanılan bir yöntem olan gri tahmin etme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Gri sistemlerde tahmin edebilmek için çeşitli modeller geliştirilmiş olmakla birlikte bu çalışmada GM (1,1) ve OGM (1,1) modelleri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Microsoft Excel 2016 tabanlı Genel İndirgenmiş Gradyan metodundan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, 2006-2017 yılları arasında Türkiye’de RRT gören hasta sayılarından oluşmaktadır. Modellerin tahmin performansı ortalama mutlak yüzde hata (MAPE) ve kök ortalama kare hata (RMSE) ile ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Karşılaştırmalar sonucunda OGM (1,1)’in (MAPE: %2.0 RMSE: 1484) GM (1,1) modeline (MAPE: %2.1 RMSE: 1740) göre daha iyi performans gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 2006-2017 verilerine dayanarak tahmin edilen ve gerçekleşen veriler bazında yakınsama oranları karşılaştırıldığında da OGM (1,1) modelinin daha başarılı olduğu belirlenmiştir. 2018-2023 yılları arasında RRT görecek hasta sayısındaki ortalama yıllık büyüme oranı, GM (1,1) modeline göre %4.12; OGM (1,1) modeline göre ise %4.64’tür. Bu modellere göre, hasta sayısı her yıl bir önceki yıla göre artış göstereceği tahmin edilmektedir. 2017’de 77311 olan hasta sayısı 2023 yılında OGM (1,1) modeline göre 104105’e ulaşacağı öngörülmektedir. Sonuç: Bu yükseliş nedeniyle insidansı gittikçe artma eğilimi gösteren kronik böbrek hastalığının önlenmesi ve topluma ve devlete sosyo-ekonomik yükünün azaltılması için etkili önlemler (renal transplantasyon, organ bağışının özendirilmesi vs.) alınması gerekliliği gün yüzüne çıkmaktadır
Etkili değişkenlerin cezalı regresyon yöntemleri ile belirlenmesi: Diyabet veri kümesi üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: DERİCİ YILDIRIM Didem , ÇİFTÇİ Ali Türker
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada etkili değişkenlerin bulunması amacıyla uygulanan klasik regresyon analizine alternatif olarak kullanılması önerilen ve son yıllarda sağlık verilerinde oldukça popüler hale gelen cezalı regresyon yöntemlerinden En Küçük Açı regresyonu (LARS) ve En Küçük Mutlak Küçülme ve Seçim Operatörü (LASSO) yöntemleri ele alınmıştır. Diyabet veri kümesi üzerine etkili değişkenlerin belirlenmesinde cezalı regresyon yöntemleri ve klasik regresyon analizi sonuçlarının hata kareler ortalaması (HKO) ve belirtme katsayıları (R2) bakımından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Diyabet tanısı almış 442 hastaya ait veri kümesine En Küçük Açı regresyonu, En Küçük Mutlak Küçülme ve Seçim Operatörü ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: En Küçük Açı regresyonu ve En Küçük Mutlak Küçülme ve Seçim Operatörü regresyon yöntemleri aynı değişkenleri seçerek model tahmini yapmıştır. Cezalı regresyon yöntemleri, belirtme katsayıları ve hata kareler ortalamaları dikkate alındığında çoklu doğrusal regresyondan daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Sonuç: Diyabet veri seti için cezalı regresyon yöntemleri ile en az sayıda ve modeli en iyi açıklayan değişkenler elde edilmiştir. Daha az sayıda değişkenle anlamlı modeller oluşturulmak istendiğinde tercih edilebilir yöntemlerdir.
Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus’ lu hastalarda serum ve i̇drar galektin-3 düzeyi ile mikroalbuminüri arasındaki i̇lişkinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERSOY Canan , KURMUŞ Özge , DEĞERTEKİN Ceyla , BİLGİHAN Ayşe
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Tip 2 diyabetes mellitusu olan hastalarda mikroalbuminüri gelişimi ile serum ve idrar galektin-3 düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Tip 2 diyabet tanısı olan mikroalbüminüri gelişmiş 30 hasta ve tip 2 diyabet tanısı olan normoalbüminürik 30 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hastalarda açlık kan şekeri, hemoglobin A1c, kan üre nitrojeni, kreatinin, düşük dansiteli lipoprotein kolesterol, total kolesterol, tam idrar tetkiki, spot idrarda albümin, spot idrarda kreatinin, serum galektin-3 ve idrar galektin-3 çalışıldı. Serum galektin-3, idrar galektin-3, hemoglobin A1c, düşük dansiteli lipoprotein kolesterol, total kolesterol mikroalbüminürik ve normoalbüminürik gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda mikroalbüminürik grupta, normoalbüminürik gruba göre hem serum galektin-3 düzeyi (20.1±14.9 ng/ml ve 4.8±5.6 ng/ml, p <0.001) hem de idrar galektin-3 düzeyi (19.6±18.7 ng/ml ve 10.5±10.2 ng/ml, p=0.027) yüksek tespit edildi. Mikroalbüminüri düzeyi ile serum ve idrar galektin-3 düzeyi arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edildi (r=0.614, p<0.01 ve r=0.268, p<0.05, sırasıyla). Serum galektin-3 düzeyinin, mikroalbüminüriyi öngörmede bağımsız bir etken olduğu görüldü (Odds oranı:1.26, güven aralığı:1.07-1.46, p=0.004). Sonuç: Tip 2 diyabetes mellitusu olan hastalarda mikroalbüminürisi olan hastalarda normoalbüminürisi olanlara göre hem serum hem de idrar galektin-3 düzeylerinde artış saptandı. Çalışmamızın bulguları diyabetik nefropatide galektin-3’ün bir biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabileceği görüşünü desteklemiştir.
Mersin Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde çalışan araştırma görevlilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda bilgi ve yaklaşımları
Authors: TİFTİK R. Nalan , KIROĞLU Olcay , BERKTAŞ Fatih , ÜN İsmail , KARATAŞ Yusuf
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Mersin Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde çalışan araştırma görevlilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımı (AİK) konusunda bilgi ve yaklaşımlarını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu çalışmada Mersin Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde çalışmakta olan araştırma görevlilerine demografik verilere ait 6 soru ve akılcı ilaçla ilgili bilgi düzeylerini ve yaklaşımlarını ölçmek üzere hazırlanan 46 soru olmak üzere toplam 52 sorudan oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya Mersin Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nden 180 kişi dahili, 69 kişi cerrahi bölümlerden olmak üzere 249 araştırma görevlisi katıldı. 169’u (%67.9) daha önce AİK ile ilgili eğitim almış 80’i ise (%32.1) herhangi bir eğitim almamış olan katılımcıların %78.1’i tıp eğitimi sırasında, %22.5’i mezuniyet sonrası ve %43.8’i de asistanlık süreçlerinde teorik eğitimler aldıklarını ifade ettiler. Hastanın yaşını, kullanmakta olduğu diğer ilaçları ve kronik hastalıklarını soranlar ise sırası ile katılımcıların%96.8, %94.8ve %98.0’i dir. Hastanın gebeliğini sorgulayanlar katılımcıların %87.1 ve emzirip emzirmediğini soranlar ise %85.5'i idi. Katılımcıların sadece %67.9’u hastasına yazdığı ilacın adını söylerken, ilaca ait yan etkilerden hastaya bahsetmeyenlerin sadece %30’u AİK ile ilgili eğitim almayanlardı. Öte yandan katılımcıların %25.5’i ilaç seçerken maliyet kriterini hiç dikkate almazken etkinlik, güvenlik ve uygunluğu daha fazla önemsemekteydiler. Maliyeti dikkate almayanlardan ise akılcı ilaç konusunda eğitim almayanların oranı ise %39.7 idi. Sonuç: Araştırma görevlilerinin daha önce eğitimler almış olsalar da AİK konusunda gerek bilgi düzeyleri gerek se tutum ve yaklaşımları açısından geliştirilmesi gereken noktalar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle AİK ile ilgili süre ve içerik açısından zenginleştirilmiş, özellikle de uygulamalı eğitimlerin yapılması akılcı ilaç reçeteleme davranışı ile ilgili tespit edilen eksikliklerin giderilmesi yönünde önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır.
Os sacrum’un facies dorsalis’inin morfolojik incelenmesi
Authors: ELVAN Özlem , BOBUS ÖRS Alev , UZMANSEL Deniz
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, os sacrum’un facies dorsalis’inde yer alan belirli anatomik yapıların makroskopik olarak varyasyonlarını incelemektir. Yöntem: Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi Anabilim Dalı laboratuvarında bulunan, cinsiyeti belirlenemeyen ve kemik aşınmaları bulunmayan 20 adet os sacrum kullanıldı. Os sacrum’un facies dorsalis’inde yer alan canalis sacralis, foramina sacralia posteriora, hiatus sacralis, cornu sacrale ve processus articularis superior gözlemsel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Os sacrum’ların 3’ünde sakralizasyon ve 1’inde canalis sacralis arka duvar komplet agenezisi tespit edildi. Os sacrum’ların %60’ında konveksite S3 seviyesinde, %25’inde S4 seviyesinde iken, %15’inde konveksite yoktu. Canalis sacralis üst açıklığının “U” (%26) ve “V” (%74) şeklinde olduğu gözlendi. Processus articularis superior’ların eklem yüzeyleri, bilateral düz (%35), bilateral konkav (%55) ve unilateral konkav (%10) şeklinde gözlendi. Os sacrum’ların %10’u 5. lumbar vertebra ile %20’si os coccygis ile birleşmişti. Buna bağlı olarak foramina sacralia posteriora sayılarının değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlendi. Bu deliklerde şekil farklılıkları da gözlendi. Sıklıkla S1 seviyesindeki delikler vertikal yönde oval ve S4-5 seviyesindekiler yatay yönde oval olarak bulunuyordu. Hiatus sacralis’in şekli, “ters U” (%28), “halter” (%28), “ters V” (%17), “M” (%17),ve irregular (%12) şeklinde gözlendi. Cornu sacrale %78 oranında bulunuyordu. Cornu sacrale ile cornu coccygeum %22 oranında birleşiyordu. Hiatus sacralis’in tepesi S4 (%42), S3-S4 arasında (%32), S3 (%16), S2-S3 arasında (%5) ve S5 (%5) seviyelerinde; hiatus sacralis’in tabanı ise S4 (%32) ve S5 (%68) seviyelerinde yer alıyordu. Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler ışığında os sacrum’un kemik yapılarındaki bu çeşitliliğin sakral bölgede yapılan girişimsel işlemlerde işlem metodunu etkileyebileceği veya referans noktası olmaları bakımından önem teşkil edebileceği düşünüldü.
Kronik viral hepatitli olgularda kombine non-alkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığının sıklığı ve önemi
Authors: TUNCEL Ferah , ALPASLAN DUMAN Aslıhan
Published: April 2021

eden hepatosteatozun belirlenerek bunların skorlama sistemlerindeki parametreler ile ilişkisinin ortaya konması ve böylelikle hastalığın seyri ile ilgili öngörüde bulunmaktır. Yöntem: İki farklı üniversite hastanesinde kronik viral hepatit tanısı almış 110 olguya ait preperatlar yeniden değerlendirilmiş ve modifiye histolojik aktivite indeksi ve nonalkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığı aktivite skoru (NAS) skorlama sistemleri esas alınarak skorlanmıştır. Bu iki skorlama sistemine ait parametreler arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Hepatosteatoz, kronik hepatit C’li olgularımıza %34.8 oranında, kronik hepatit B olgularımıza ise %44.8 oranında eşlik etmektedir. Steatoz skoru arttıkça olgulara ait fibrozis skorları da artmaktadır. Sonuç: Sık görülen kronik karaciğer hastalıkları olan kronik viral hepatit ve nonalkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığı (NAFLD) her zaman ayrı antiteler olarak kabul edilmemeli, birlikte görülebileceği de akılda tutulmalıdır. Kronik viral hepatitli olgulara eşlik eden steatohepatozun da patoloji raporlarında belirtilmesi hastalığın seyri açısından önem arz edecektir.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF BRASS SHAFT SPECIMEN UNDER CYCLIC BENDING MOMENTS
Authors: Luaibi Haider Abbas
Published: April 2021

Fatigue is a form of failure that occurs in structures subjected to dynamic and fluctuating stresses, where failure can occur at a stress level significantly lower than the tensile or yield strength of a static load under these circumstances. The term “fatigue” is used because, after a long period of repetitive stress or stress cycling, this form of failure typically occurs. Fatigue is important because it is the single largest cause of metal failure, estimated to account for about 90% of all metal failures; polymers and ceramics (except glasses) are also prone to this form of failure. This research is studying the failure analysis, fatigue life and endurance limit of brass metal experimental and numerical under cyclic bending moments