bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Serum Troponin I in Sepsis Patients
Authors: Reza Syed Tariq , Jahan Syeda Nusrat , Rahman AKM Ferdous , Asaduzzaman Muhammad , Akhter Parvin , Begum Rabeya , Rahman Abdur
Published: May 2023

Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of admission in ICU with high mortality and morbidity.Intensivists face challenges to manage sepsis in their practices particularly in a limited resource setting.The diagnosis of sepsis and its evaluation of severity are not easy because of its complex pathophysiologyand variable nature of presentation. So, researchers identified biomarkers including troponin I for potentialuse in sepsis. Of them troponin I is a useful biomarker with prognostic significance.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted among purposively selected110 patients diagnosed as sepsis at intensive care unit (ICU) in Dhaka Medical College & Hospital. Afterfulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, ECG was done to exclude MI. Then troponin I was measuredwith a cut of value of 0.6 ng/ml. the patients were followed up for a period upto 30 days. Statisticalassociations between categorical variables were tested using chi-square test and mean difference ofcontinuous variables by independent t-test. Correlation between troponin I value length of ICU stays andventilator days were calculated.
Results:Among 110 patients diagnosed as sepsis 56.4% had normal troponin I and 43.6% had elevatedtroponin I. Distribution of elevated troponin I was higher among male patients (77.1% vs 64.5%) thanfemale. Mean duration of ICU stay was prolonged in elevated troponin I group as like ventilator support.Positive relationship was found between troponin level I and duration of ventilator support as well aslength of ICU stay (r=0.225, 0.279). There was significantly increased mortality rate in elevated troponingroup of patients compared to normal troponin group (72.9% vs 35.5%) in sepsis patients (p<0.001) followedby in severe sepsis 67.5% vs 35.48% (p=0.001) and 92.9% vs 57.1%) in septic shock (p<0.029).
Conclusion: This study showed that mortality and morbidity increases when troponin I value elevatedin sepsis.
JBSA 2018; 31(1): 12-19
Use of Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) and Endotracheal Tube (ETT) in Cardiac Compromise Patients with LVEF <45% Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy : A Comparison of Hemodynamic Parameters
Authors: Rahman Md Mushfiqur , Munir Md Mahbubul Hasan , Sardar Kawsar , Khan Md Abdus Salam , Chowdhury AKM Nurnobi , Rahman M Khalilur , Mondal Samiron Kumar , Alam SM Shafiqul
Published: May 2023

Background: The major cause of sympatho-adrenal response to tracheal intubation is due to thestimulation of supraglottic region by tissue irritation induced by direct laryngoscopy. Direct laryngoscopyby activating proprioceptors, induces arterial hypertension, tachycardia and increased catecholamineconcentrationproportional to the intensity of stimulus exerted against the base of the tongue. Incardiac compromised patient, use of endotracheal tube (ETT) is associated with various hemodynamiccomplications, which are minimally affected during ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) use.
Objective: This prospective study was conducted with the objective of demonstrating the advantages ofPLMA over ETT in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries.
Methodology: This prospective, interventional study was carried out in 60 patients who underwentlaparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries. Patients were randomized in equal numbers to either ETTgroup or PLMA group, and various hemodynamic changes were observed at different time points.
Results: Patients in PLMA group had mean systolic blood pressure 134.785±03.765 mm Hg comparedto the patients of ETT group 146.675±05.764 mmHg. Pulse rate in the PLMA group was less (94.267 ±05.678per min) (P < 0.05) compared to ETT group (115.34±10.236).Thus, hemodynamic changes weresignificantly lower (P < 0.05) in PLMA than in ETT group. The incidence of adverse events was alsolower in PLMA group.
Conclusion: PLMA offers advantages over the ETT in airway management in the patients undergoinglaparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries in cardiac compromise patients.
JBSA 2018; 31(1): 38-44
Psikolojik Yardım Talebinde Bulunan Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Psikolojik Belirtilerin Yordayıcıları Olarak Bağlanma ve Algılanan Sosyal Destek
Authors: Şahin Ezgi Ekin
Published: May 2023

Üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik belirtilerini açıklayan değişkenlerin belirlenmesi hem bu öğrencilere sunulacak hizmetlerin yapılandırılması hem de dolaylı olarak toplum ruh sağlığı açısından önem taşımaktadır. Öğrencilerin psikolojik belirtilerini yordayan önemli değişkenler arasında kişilerarası ilişkilerinin temelini oluşturan bağlanma ve algılanan sosyal desteğin olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı kaygılı ve kaçınan bağlanma ile algılanan sosyal desteğin üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik belirtilerini yordama düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları psikolojik yardım almak için başvuruda bulunan 419 (334 kadın, 85 erkek) üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-II, Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde hiyerarşik regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, kaygılı bağlanmanın üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik belirtilerindeki varyansın %24’ünü açıkladığını; aileden ve arkadaştan algılanan sosyal destek boyutları ile birlikte modelin toplam varyansın %30’unu açıkladığını göstermektedir. Bulgular, öğrencilerin kaygılı bağlanma örüntülerini düzenlemeye ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeylerini artırmaya yönelik müdahalelerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Anne-Çocuk Oyun Etkileşimine Bağlı Olarak Annelik Algısının İncelenmesi
Authors: Safsoylu Cansu , Sanberk İsmail
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 3-6 yaş aralığında çocuğu bulunan annelerin, çocuklarıyla ev ortamında gerçekleştirdikleri beş dakikalık serbest oyun etkileşimlerinde kullandıkları ifadelerin araştırmacılar tarafından gözlem tekniği ile kaydedilerek, Anababa Çocuk Oyun Kayıt Kodlama Formu’na (AÇOKKF) kodlanması, böylece çocuklarıyla oyun etkileşiminde çoğunlukla istendik ve çoğunlukla istenmedik ifadeler kullanan annelerin belirlenmesi ve bu annelerin repertuar ağı tekniği ile annelik algılarının incelenmesidir. Araştırma kapsamına Adana ilinde ikamet eden 15 gönüllü katılımcı anne alınmıştır. AÇOKKF’na ifadelerin kodlanması ile frekanslar hesaplanarak çoğunlukla istendik ve çoğunlukla istenmedik ifadeler kullanan anneler belirlenmiştir. Ardından repertuar ağı tekniği ile annelik algıları incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma çoklu nicel vaka analizi çalışmasıdır. Çalışmanın sonucunda oyun etkileşiminde istendik ifadeleri daha sık kullanan annelerin, istenmedik ifadeleri daha sık kullanan annelere göre özdeğerlerine ait öklid uzaklık katsayılarının çoğunlukla daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Her iki gruptaki anneler; sosyal benlik algılarını çoğunlukla kendileriyle yakın ilişkilendirmişlerdir. Her iki grupta bulunan annelerin kendilerine yönelik annelik algılarını; ideal annelik algıları, tanıdığım örnek/iyi bir anne algıları ve tanıdığım örnek/iyi olmayan bir anne algıları ile ilişkilendirmeleri değişiklik göstermektedir.
Back Cover
Authors: Cover Back
Published: May 2023

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Факторы риска развития профессионального выгорания у руководителей силовых ведомств
Authors: Шершнева Наталья Владимировна
Published: May 2023

Цель. Актуализация и сведение воедино взглядов на термин «профессиональное выгорание», определение факторов риска развития профессионального выгорания у руководителей силовых ведомств.
Методы. Феноменологический анализ научных положений зарубежных и отечественных и авторов.
Результаты. Установлены характерные факторы профессиональной деятельности руководителя силового ведомства, влияющие на развитие профессионального выгорания.
Область применения исследований. Проведение исследований в области изучения факторов профессионального выгорания руководителей силовых ведомств поможет осуществлять первичное предупреждение и вторичную профилактику в процессе их профессиональной деятельности.
Cerrado como modelo de ambiente extremo a primeira era marciana
Authors: Andrade Millena Cristina Vale , Nascimento Dias Bruno Leonardo do , Madureira Ana Paula
Published: May 2023

A savana brasileira (bioma do Cerrado) é um dos biomas do Brasil que possuem características geológicas e ambientais que se assemelham a Marte. No entanto, o número de estudos desse ambiente e sua diversidade microbiana para fins astrobiológicos ainda são escassos na literatura global. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os aspectos da savana brasileira (bioma do Cerrado), que possuem características análogas aos ambientes da primeira era de Marte. O método escolhido para desenvolver esta pesquisa foi o levantamento documental de bibliográficas sobre biotecnologia e áreas afins publicadas por meios livros e artigos científicos. Foram recolhidas informações ou conhecimentos prévios sobre o problema a respeito de forma a contribuir significativamente para Astrobiologia. Como resultado foi possível constatar que o Cerrado se assemelha a um ambiente da primeira era marciana, sendo encontrados isolados de extremófilos, tais como os dos reinos Thermobrachium, do filo actinomiceto, além da bactéria Flavobacterium sp. Por fim, com base nos resultados é possível dizer que o Cerrado apresenta características bastante semelhantes a outros ambientes terrestres análogos muito utilizados para pesquisas em Astrobiologia, pois possui grande potencial e ainda é pouco explorado.
Plantas medicinais no antienvelhecimento da pele: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Juliana Arcanjo Bezerra da , Assunção Micheli França de , Vasconcelos Tibério Cesar Lima
Published: May 2023

O envelhecimento ocorre por um declínio funcional celular relacionado à fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos, causando alteração no material genético, aumento de espécies reativas de oxigênio, destruição de fibras elásticas e colágeno, causando o fenótipo característico do envelhecimento em termos dermatológicos. Deste modo, a fitoterapia consiste em utilizar plantas com objetivo medicinal, sendo estudadas e utilizadas para atenuar os efeitos do envelhecimento, reduzindo este fenótipo e alterações moleculares. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou investigar na literatura científica acerca da relação entre planta medicinal e envelhecimento. Utilizou-se os descritores “Envelhecimento da Pele”, “Plantas Medicinais” e “Fitoterapia” na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando a MEDLINE e LILACS. 12 artigos compuseram a amostra final e trouxeram resultados benéficos acerca do uso de plantas medicinais durante o processo de envelhecimento, através de estudos in vitro e in vivo, foi comprovado que determinadas plantas podem melhorar o aspecto de pele, reduzir estresse oxidativo, melhorar a disposição das proteínas de matriz, dentre outros. Por fim, conclui-se que a aplicação de plantas medicinais pode ser uma ferramenta importante no combate ao estresse oxidativo, redução de danos ao DNA e à reações bioquímicas que levam ao envelhecimento cutâneo acelerado.
KENDALA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SECARA DARING DAN LURING SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP SISWA AUTIS
Authors: Putra Eric Dwi , Lutfiyah Lutfiyah , Ramadhan Yustin Shinda Putri
Published: May 2023

This research aims to describe the obstacles to online and offline mathematics learning for autistic students in class VIII SMPLB Bintoro Jember. This research conducted was qualitative research through a descriptive approach. The subjects were the class teacher. The collection of data using interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis with data reduction stages and then data presentation after that drawing conclusions. The validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The research obtained the following results: (1) Implementation of online and offline mathematics learning for autistic students in class VIII SMPLB Bintoro Jember which was carried out by class teachers assisted by smartphones with the WhatsApp application. (2) The difficulties experienced by teachers in implementing online mathematics learning for autistic students in class VIII, which consist of student factors themselves, student focus and an environment that is different from school. (3) The factors that cause a decrease in learning outcomes in autistic students, which consist of limited time, cellphone and signal constraints and parents who cannot accompany autistic students in learning because they are busy. The conclusion obtained was that there was a decrease in the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII autistic students before the pandemic with an average of 74.75, while during the pandemic it was an average of 70.75. Even though there are several obstacles in learning that cause a decrease in the value obtained by autistic students in learning during a pandemic as much as 4%, the implementation of online learning can be stated as good and smooth with the help of a smartphone using the WhatsApp application.
Fuzzy Time Series Untuk Prediksi Harga Gabah Kering Panen
Authors: Siswanti Sri , Nugroho Agus , Widada Bebas , Kusumaningrum Andriani
Published: May 2023

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk membuat kebutuhan akan makanan pokok akan selalu meningkat, terutama beras. Namun di sisi lain, dengan adanya jumlah lahan pertanian semakin menyempit akibatnya beralih fungsi lahan pertanian sebagai lahan non pertanian. Hal ini mengakibatkan produksi padi saat ini tidak mampu mengimbangi kebutuhan pangan di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi petani adalah lemahnya posisi tawar karena kurangnya akses pasar, informasi pasar, dan permodalan. Hal ini membuat petani tidak berdaya untuk menegosiasikan harga hasil panennya, sehingga petani menjual hasil panennya secara borongan kepada orang yang bermodal lebih, dimana dalam penetapan harga menjadi tidak menguntungkan bagi petani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat suatu sistem yang dapat memberikan informasi perubahan harga gabah kering pada panen bulan berikutnya. Informasi ini akan dijadikan acuan untuk menentukan harga jual gabah kering, sehingga kerugian dapat dikurangi. Hasil perhitungan peramalan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Times Series pada bulan Juni dengan harga gabah Rp. 4544,39 per Kilogram dengan nilai MAPE 2,68% atau akurasi tinggi.
Dinamicità del ragionamento a ritroso nei processi di spiegazione
Authors: Barbero Marta
Published: May 2023

Il contributo presenta i risultati relativi a uno studio di caso in cui tre studenti universitari del Master in Informatica interagiscono nella risoluzione di un problema. Attraverso lenti interpretative epistemiche e linguistiche (le dimensioni del ragionamento a ritroso e la prospettiva della Commognition), si mette in luce il ruolo del ragionamento a ritroso e le sue relazioni con quello in avanti nei processi di spiegazione condotti da una studentessa che si interfaccia con le difficoltà dei suoi compagni.
Başörtüsü Tartışmalarına Dair Bir Araştırma
Authors: YILDIZ Recep
Published: May 2023

Giriş

2022 yılının son aylarında başörtüsü bir kez daha sıcak siyasi gündemi belirledi. Hükümet, Kılıçdaroğlu'nun kalıcı çözüm önerisine anayasa değişikliği veya referandumla yanıt verdi. 14 yıl önce, Şubat 2008'de, başörtüsü serbestiyeti getiren 5735 sayılı kanun Cumhurbaşkanlığı'nın onayından sonra Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanmıştı. Ancak birkaç ay içinde Anayasa Mahkemesi kararıyla kanun iptal edilmişti. Bu bir aylık süre başörtüsü tartışmalarının en yoğun olduğu dönemlerden biri olmuştu. O nedenle araştırma, 2008 yılının Ocak ve Şubat aylarında ortaya atılan tezleri, başörtüsü yasağını destekleyen ve karşı çıkanların gerekçeleriyle birlikte ele almaktadır. Amacı da günümüzde yaşanan süreci tematik olarak tasnif edilmiş gerekçeler ışığında değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler

Araştırma literatür taramasının yanında, konuya ilişkin gazete yazılarını ve söylemleri etkileşimsiz analitik bir yaklaşımla, zamana özgü tarihsel bir analiz deseni ve içerik analizi tekniği ile değerlendirmektedir. Sonuç

Toplanan verilerin analizi sonrasında başörtüsü yasağı savunuculuğunun ve yasağa itirazların şu temalar etrafında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Siyasi sembol, laiklik ve cumhuriyetin kazanımları, özgürlük, kamusal alan, dini gereklilik. Varılan sonuç ve değerlendirme ise yıllardır çözülemeyen başörtüsü sorununa kalıcı bir çözüm getirilmesinin toplumsal barış ve refaha katkı sağlayacağıdır.
Creative hubs and cultural policies: a comparison between Brazil and the United Kingdom
Authors: Lima da Cunha Karina Poli , Shiach Morag
Published: May 2023

This article presents a comparative analysis of ten creative hubs located in London, Birmingham, and São Paulo. It expolores how cultural policies in the UK and Brazil have constituted in distinct ways the boundaries between ‘culture’ and ‘innovation’. Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of ‘field’, ‘habitus’, and ‘capital’ inform this analysis and its account of the ‘cultural-production subfield’ and the ‘innovation-production subfield’ within the creative economies and cultural policies of the UK and Brazil. The article also draws on Pier Luigi Sacco’s cultural history and theory to make an argument about the key factors underpinning recent changes in cultural policy.
The art organisation’s societal engagement – do the artist’s values matter?
Authors: Jyrämä Annukka , Kiitsak-Prikk Kaari , Äyväri Anne
Published: May 2023

The paper focuses on understanding the values of the artist and how they affect the art organisation, its understanding of social responsibility and related actions, especially social engagement. The values of the artist and the art organisation’s organisational identity are key drivers building social engagement with the local community. Through the lenses of institutional theory, the value concept is analysed and reflected with organisational identity and social responsibility conceptualisations. The phenomenon is examined by adopting a qualitative approach to the single case of the Arvo Pärt Centre in Estonia based on interviews, desk research and observations. The results point out that the art organisations may adopt the artist’s values as the basis of its own organisational values manifested from physical details to the worldviews of its staff. The paper provides new avenues for understanding how the artist’s participation in an organisation’s daily life adds complex managerial privileges and potential challenges.
Creative entrepreneurs’ perception of entrepreneurial motivation: a valuable insight for creative business incubators when supporting creative entrepreneurs’ cooperation with other industries
Authors: Urb Kristiina
Published: May 2023

The paper introduces a valuable insight for creative business incubators when it comes to supporting creative entrepreneurs’ cooperation with other industries and investigates the research question: What role does the creative entrepreneur’s perception of entrepreneurial motivation play in creative entrepreneurs’ cooperation with other industries?” The paper finds that creative entrepreneurs may be more motivated by intrinsic motivation and entrepreneurs in other industries by extrinsic motivation and this may lead to a communication gap between creative and other entrepreneurs, which affects their cooperation.
Helix encoder: a compound-protein interaction prediction model specifically designed for class A GPCRs
Authors: Yamane Haruki , Ishida Takashi
Published: May 2023

Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class of GPCRs. They are essential targets of drug discovery and thus various computational approaches have been applied to predict their ligands. However, there are a large number of orphan receptors in class A GPCRs and it is difficult to use a general protein-specific supervised prediction scheme. Therefore, the compound-protein interaction (CPI) prediction approach has been considered one of the most suitable for class A GPCRs. However, the accuracy of CPI prediction is still insufficient. The current CPI prediction model generally employs the whole protein sequence as the input because it is difficult to identify the important regions in general proteins. In contrast, it is well-known that only a few transmembrane helices of class A GPCRs play a critical role in ligand binding. Therefore, using such domain knowledge, the CPI prediction performance could be improved by developing an encoding method that is specifically designed for this family. In this study, we developed a protein sequence encoder called the Helix encoder, which takes only a protein sequence of transmembrane regions of class A GPCRs as input. The performance evaluation showed that the proposed model achieved a higher prediction accuracy compared to a prediction model using the entire protein sequence. Additionally, our analysis indicated that several extracellular loops are also important for the prediction as mentioned in several biological researches.
Computational approaches for evaluating morphological changes in the corneal stroma associated with decellularization
Authors: Pantic Igor V. , Cumic Jelena , Valjarevic Svetlana , Shakeel Adeeba , Wang Xinyu , Vurivi Hema , Daoud Sayel , Chan Vincent , Petroianu Georg A. , Shibru Meklit G. , Ali Zehara M. , Nesic Dejan , Salih Ahmed E. , Butt Haider , Corridon Peter R.
Published: May 2023

Decellularized corneas offer a promising and sustainable source of replacement grafts, mimicking native tissue and reducing the risk of immune rejection post-transplantation. Despite great success in achieving acellular scaffolds, little consensus exists regarding the quality of the decellularized extracellular matrix. Metrics used to evaluate extracellular matrix performance are study-specific, subjective, and semi-quantitative. Thus, this work focused on developing a computational method to examine the effectiveness of corneal decellularization. We combined conventional semi-quantitative histological assessments and automated scaffold evaluations based on textual image analyses to assess decellularization efficiency. Our study highlights that it is possible to develop contemporary machine learning (ML) models based on random forests and support vector machine algorithms, which can identify regions of interest in acellularized corneal stromal tissue with relatively high accuracy. These results provide a platform for developing machine learning biosensing systems for evaluating subtle morphological changes in decellularized scaffolds, which are crucial for assessing their functionality.
Insulin secretion hot spots in pancreatic β cells as secreting adhesions
Authors: Fye Margret A. , Kaverina Irina
Published: May 2023

Pancreatic β cell secretion of insulin is crucial to the maintenance of glucose homeostasis and prevention of diseases related to glucose regulation, including diabetes. Pancreatic β cells accomplish efficient insulin secretion by clustering secretion events at the cell membrane facing the vasculature. Regions at the cell periphery characterized by clustered secretion are currently termed insulin secretion hot spots. Several proteins, many associated with the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons, are known to localize to and serve specific functions at hot spots. Among these proteins are the scaffolding protein ELKS, the membrane-associated proteins LL5β and liprins, the focal adhesion-associated protein KANK1, and other factors typically associated with the presynaptic active zone in neurons. These hot spot proteins have been shown to contribute to insulin secretion, but many questions remain regarding their organization and dynamics at hot spots. Current studies suggest microtubule- and F-actin are involved in regulation of hot spot proteins and their function in secretion. The hot spot protein association with the cytoskeleton networks also suggests a potential role for mechanical regulation of these proteins and hot spots in general. This perspective summarizes the existing knowledge of known hot spot proteins, their cytoskeletal-mediated regulation, and discuss questions remaining regarding mechanical regulation of pancreatic beta cell hot spots.
Analysis of protein-protein interaction and weighted co-expression networks revealed key modules and genes in multiple organs of Agave sisalana
Authors: Carvalho Lucas M. , Silva Nicholas Vinícius , de Abreu Luís Guilherme F. , Marone Marina Püpke , Cardelli Alexandra Russolo , Raya Fabio Trigo , Araújo Guido , Carazzolle Marcelo Falsarella , Guimarães Pereira Gonçalo Amarante
Published: May 2023

Agave plants are well-known for their drought resilience and commercial applications. Among them, Agave sisalana (sisal) is the species most used to produce hard fibers, and it is of great importance for semiarid regions. Agaves also show potential as bioenergy feedstocks, as they can accumulate large amounts of biomass and fermentable sugar. This study aimed to reconstruct the A. sisalana interactome, and identify key genes and modules involved in multiple plant tissues (root, stem, and leaf) through RNA-Seq analysis. We integrated A. sisalana transcriptome sequences and gene expression generated from stem, leaf, and root tissues to build global and conditional co-expression networks across the entire transcriptome. By combining the co-expression network, module classification, and function enrichment tools, we identified 20 functional modules related to at least one A. sisalana tissue, covering functions such as photosynthesis, leaf formation, auxin-activated signaling pathway, floral organ abscission, response to farnesol, brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway, and light-harvesting. The final interactome of A. sisalana contains 2,582 nodes and 15,083 edges. In the reconstructed interactome, we identified submodules related to plant processes to validate the reconstruction. In addition, we identified 6 hub genes that were searched for in the co-expression modules. The intersection of hub genes identified by both the protein-protein interaction networks (PPI networks) and co-expression analyses using gene significance and module membership revealed six potential candidate genes for key genes. In conclusion, we identified six potential key genes for specific studies in Agave transcriptome atlas studies, biological processes related to plant survival in unfavorable environments and provide strategies for breeding programs.
Alkyl-quinolone-dependent quorum sensing controls prophage-mediated autolysis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa colony biofilms
Authors: Giallonardi Giulia , Letizia Morgana , Mellini Marta , Frangipani Emanuela , Halliday Nigel , Heeb Stephan , Cámara Miguel , Visca Paolo , Imperi Francesco , Leoni Livia , Williams Paul , Rampioni Giordano
Published: May 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a model quorum sensing (QS) pathogen with three interconnected QS circuits that control the production of virulence factors and antibiotic tolerant biofilms. The pqs QS system of P. aeruginosa is responsible for the biosynthesis of diverse 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs), of which 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline (HHQ) and 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (PQS) function as QS signal molecules. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that HHQ and PQS influenced the expression of multiple genes via PqsR-dependent and -independent pathways whereas 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HQNO) had no effect on P. aeruginosa transcriptome. HQNO is a cytochrome bc1 inhibitor that causes P. aeruginosa programmed cell death and autolysis. However, P. aeruginosa pqsL mutants unable to synthesize HQNO undergo autolysis when grown as colony biofilms. The mechanism by which such autolysis occurs is not understood. Through the generation and phenotypic characterization of multiple P. aeruginosa PAO1 mutants producing altered levels of AQs in different combinations, we demonstrate that mutation of pqsL results in the accumulation of HHQ which in turn leads to Pf4 prophage activation and consequently autolysis. Notably, the effect of HHQ on Pf4 activation is not mediated via its cognate receptor PqsR. These data indicate that the synthesis of HQNO in PAO1 limits HHQ-induced autolysis mediated by Pf4 in colony biofilms. A similar phenomenon is shown to occur in P. aeruginosa cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates, in which the autolytic phenotype can be abrogated by ectopic expression of pqsL.
Roles and mechanism of IL-11 in vascular diseases
Authors: Wu Jiacheng , Ma Wenrui , Qiu Zhihua , Zhou Zihua
Published: May 2023

Vascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, effective treatment strategies that can reduce the risk of vascular diseases are urgently needed. The relationship between Interleukin-11 (IL-11) and development of vascular diseases has gained increasing attention. IL-11, a target for therapeutic research, was initially thought to participate in stimulating platelet production. Additional research concluded that IL-11 is effective in treating several vascular diseases. However, the function and mechanism of IL-11 in these diseases remain unknown. This review summarizes IL-11 expression, function, and signal transduction mechanism. This study also focuses on the role of IL-11 in coronary artery disease, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, aortic disease, and other vascular diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target. Consequently, this study provides new insight into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.
Aspects to consider in causality assessment of safety signals: broadening the thought process
Authors: Hammad Tarek A. , Afsar Salman , McAvoy Laura B. , Le Louet Hervé
Published: May 2023

In the field of drug safety, causality assessment aims to determine the level of plausibility of the relationship between an adverse event and exposure to a particular product. It is after the causality assessment process that we will be able to point out a product adverse reaction. While regulators often require pharmaceutical companies to use a structured approach for assessing the causality of their products, the available methods are challenged by a number of procedural differences, even when drawing from the same domain of elements. To mitigate these inconsistencies, as well as the additional challenges associated with incomplete information and differences in the application of clinical judgments at the individual case level, this paper proposes a holistic framework for causality assessment that utilizes a combination of expert judgment/global introspection, evidence-based medicine, and probabilistic method. The goal of the presented approach is to provide a guide of clues to causality reminding medical safety assessors to seek and examine all available streams of evidence in totality and to assess this evidence in a qualitative, structured way.
A description of the elevation of pericardial cortisol: cortisone ratio in patients with tuberculous pericarditis
Authors: Shenje Justin Tapiwa , Raubenheimer Peter , Wiesner Lubbe , Ross Ian
Published: May 2023

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an inflammatory disease associated with an elevated cortisol/cortisone ratio at the site of infection and an array of cytokine changes. Tuberculous pericarditis is a less common but more lethal form of tuberculosis and has a similar inflammatory process in the pericardium. As the pericardium is largely inaccessible, the effect of tuberculous pericarditis on pericardial glucocorticoids is largely unknown. We wished to describe pericardial cortisolcortisone ratio in relation to plasma and saliva cortisol/cortisone ratios and the associated changes in cytokine concentrations. The median (interquartile range) of plasma, pericardial, and saliva cortisol concentration was 443 (379–532), 303 (257–384), and 20 (10–32) nmol/L, respectively, whereas the median (interquartile range) of plasma, pericardial, and saliva cortisone concentrations was 49 (35–57), 15.0 (0.0–21.7), and 37 (25–55) nmol/L, respectively. The cortisol/cortisone ratio was highest in pericardium with median (interquartile range) of 20 (13–445), followed by plasma of 9.1 (7.4–12.1) and saliva of 0.4 (0.3–0.8). The elevated cortisol/cortisone ratio was associated with elevated pericardial, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor–alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and induced protein 10. Administration of a single dose of 120 mg of prednisolone was associated with the suppression of pericardial cortisol and cortisone within 24 h of administration. The cortisol/cortisone ratio was highest at the site of infection, in this case, the pericardium. The elevated ratio was associated with a differential cytokine response. The observed pericardial cortisol suppression suggests that 120 mg of prednisolone was sufficient to evoke an immunomodulatory effect in the pericardium.
Allosteric modulation of gonadotropin receptors
Authors: Lazzaretti Clara , Simoni Manuela , Casarini Livio , Paradiso Elia
Published: May 2023

Gonadotropins regulate reproductive functions by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (FSHR and LHCGR) expressed in the gonads. They activate multiple, cell-specific signalling pathways, consisting of ligand-dependent intracellular events. Signalling cascades may be modulated by synthetic compounds which bind allosteric sites of FSHR and LHCGR or by membrane receptor interactions. Despite the hormone binding to the orthosteric site, allosteric ligands, and receptor heteromerizations may reshape intracellular signalling pattern. These molecules act as positive, negative, or neutral allosteric modulators, as well as non-competitive or inverse agonist ligands, providing a set of new compounds of a different nature and with unique pharmacological characteristics. Gonadotropin receptor allosteric modulation is gathering increasing interest from the scientific community and may be potentially exploited for clinical purposes. This review summarizes the current knowledge on gonadotropin receptor allosteric modulation and their potential, clinical use.
Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of coupling coordination between urban resilience and high-quality development in Yangtze River Delta Area, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yuan Jiade , Wang Yuchun
Published: May 2023

The coordination relationship between urban resilience and high-quality development is of paramount importance for improving disaster-alleviated resilient governance and sustainable development in response to the globalized crisis. However, few studies have investigated the coupling between urban resilience and high-quality development. Therefore, based on the analysis of the coupling and coordination mechanism between urban resilience and high-quality development, this paper innovatively calculates the indicators of urban resilience and high-quality development of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Area (YRDA) from 2005 to 2020. Moreover, we explore the spatiotemporal patterns, evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between urban resilience and high-quality development using the entropy method, coupling coordination model, kernel density estimation curve, and further analyze the influence factors with the spatial econometric models. The results revealed that urban resilience maintained a steady growth, while high-quality development displayed a trend of an initial increase and a subsequent decline. The coupling coordination degree continued to rise and the regional difference decreased conspicuously, manifesting a robust developing trend. From the perspective of spatial patterns, the coupling coordination degree, which was characterized by “being high in the east and low in the west, tended to be balanced in the north and south and was prominent in the middle of the distribution.” Furthermore, economic strength, industrial structure, transportation facilities, and government intervention exerted a dominant influence on the development of coupling coordination degree, resulting in the spatial spillover effects as well. This study can reveal the interactive relationship between urban resilience and high-quality development can as well as help Yangtze River Delta Area provide a benchmark for promoting economic and social development while focusing on prevention and control of risk.
Rapid response of vascular plants and insects to restoration of montane grasslands
Authors: Helbing Felix , Fartmann Thomas , Morkel Carsten , Poniatowski Dominik
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Industrialization has ushered in massive changes in agriculture. Particularly in low mountain ranges, large-scale afforestation with Norway spruce on traditionally managed, semi-natural grasslands has caused a severe decline in biodiversity. Tree removal, hay transfer and resumption of grazing or mowing are typical measures to re-create species-rich grasslands. The aim of this study was to use vascular plants and three insect taxa (leafhoppers, true bugs, and grasshoppers) as bioindicators to evaluate the success of montane grassland restoration on former spruce forests in Central Europe. In addition, we intended to identify the drivers of species richness within the studied grasslands in order to derive suitable recommendations for habitat management.

Methods

We analyzed two different treatments: (i) grazed restoration sites where trees had been cut and species-rich green hay had been applied (N = 9) and (ii) target sites with a long continuity of low-intensity grazing (N = 9).

Results and Discussion

Our study revealed that all studied taxa responded rapidly to the restoration measures. After a development period of 3 to 5 years, we found no differences in species richness and diversity of leafhoppers, true bugs and grasshoppers (all, target and threatened species). In addition, non-metric multidimensional scaling showed a large overlap in species composition between restoration and target grasslands. Among target and threatened species, vascular plants displayed the same pattern as insects and reached similar values when comparing the two treatments. However, total species richness and diversity of vascular plants were still higher on the target sites and species composition overlapped only partially. Grazing intensity was the predictor with the highest explanatory power in multivariable (Generalized) Linear Mixed-effects Models, being negatively related to species richness of leafhoppers and true bugs. We conclude that the measures implemented were effective in re-establishing target communities of different taxa. The transfer of seed-containing hay enabled or accelerated the development of the vegetation. Insects, on the other hand, were able to recolonize the restored grasslands on their own, given that these sites were embedded in a network of species-rich grasslands. With regard to insects (e.g., leafhoppers and true bugs), it should be ensured that grazing is applied at low intensity.
Tissue Resources for the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes
Authors: Tixier-Boichard Michèle , Fabre Stéphane , Dhorne-Pollet Sophie , Goubil Adeline , Acloque Hervé , Vincent-Naulleau Silvia , Ross Pablo , Wang Ying , Chanthavixay Ganrea , Cheng Hans , Ernst Catherine , Leesburg Vicki , Giuffra Elisabetta , Zhou Huaijun ,   Collaborative Working Group
Published: May 2023

In order to generate an atlas of the functional elements driving genome expression in domestic animals, the Functional Annotation of Animal Genome (FAANG) strategy was to sample many tissues from a few animals of different species, sexes, ages, and production stages. This article presents the collection of tissue samples for four species produced by two pilot projects, at INRAE (National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment) and the University of California, Davis. There were three mammals (cattle, goat, and pig) and one bird (chicken). It describes the metadata characterizing these reference sets (1) for animals with origin and selection history, physiological status, and environmental conditions; (2) for samples with collection site and tissue/cell processing; (3) for quality control; and (4) for storage and further distribution. Three sets are identified: set 1 comprises tissues for which collection can be standardized and for which representative aliquots can be easily distributed (liver, spleen, lung, heart, fat depot, skin, muscle, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells); set 2 comprises tissues requiring special protocols because of their cellular heterogeneity (brain, digestive tract, secretory organs, gonads and gametes, reproductive tract, immune tissues, cartilage); set 3 comprises specific cell preparations (immune cells, tracheal epithelial cells). Dedicated sampling protocols were established and uploaded in https://data.faang.org/protocol/samples. Specificities between mammals and chicken are described when relevant. A total of 73 different tissues or tissue sections were collected, and 21 are common to the four species. Having a common set of tissues will facilitate the transfer of knowledge within and between species and will contribute to decrease animal experimentation. Combining data on the same samples will facilitate data integration. Quality control was performed on some tissues with RNA extraction and RNA quality control. More than 5,000 samples have been stored with unique identifiers, and more than 4,000 were uploaded onto the Biosamples database, provided that standard ontologies were available to describe the sample. Many tissues have already been used to implement FAANG assays, with published results. All samples are available without restriction for further assays. The requesting procedure is described. Members of FAANG are encouraged to apply a range of molecular assays to characterize the functional status of collected samples and share their results, in line with the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) data principles.
Association between TRP channels and glutamatergic synapse gene polymorphisms and migraine and the comorbidities anxiety and depression in a Chinese population
Authors: Wang Mingxue , Gu Yujia , Meng Shuhan , Kang Lixin , Yang Jing , Sun Degang , Liu Yuxing , Wan Ze , Shan Yi , Xue Dongjie , Su Chang , Li Shufen , Yan Ran , Liu Yu , Zhao Yashuang , Pan Yonghui
Published: May 2023

Background: Genetic and environmental factors contribute to migraine and the comorbidities of anxiety and depression. However, the association between genetic polymorphisms in the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and glutamatergic synapse genes with the risk of migraine and the comorbidities of anxiety and depression remain unclear.

Methods: 251 migraine patients containing 49 comorbidities with anxiety and 112 with depression and 600 controls were recruited. A customized 48-plex SNPscan kit was used for genotyping 13 SNPs of nine target genes. Logistic regression was conducted to analyze these SNPs’ association with the susceptibility of migraine and comorbidities. The generalized multifactor dimension reduction (GMDR) was applied to analyze the SNP-SNP and gene-environment interactions. The GTEx database was used to examine the effects of the significant SNPs on gene expressions.

Results: The TRPV1 rs8065080 and TRPV3 rs7217270 were associated with an increased risk of migraine in the dominant model [ORadj (95% CI): 1.75 (1.09–2.90), p = 0.025; 1.63 (1.02–2.58), p = 0.039, respectively]. GRIK2 rs2227283 was associated with migraine in the edge of significance [ORadj (95% CI) = 1.36 (0.99–1.89), p = 0.062]. In migraine patients, TRPV1 rs222741 was associated with both anxiety risk and depression risk in the recessive model [ORadj (95% CI): 2.64 (1.24–5.73), p = 0.012; 1.97 (1.02–3.85), p = 0.046, respectively]. TRPM8 rs7577262 was associated with anxiety (ORadj = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.10–0.76, p = 0.011). TRPV4 rs3742037, TRPM8 rs17862920 and SLC17A8 rs11110359 were associated with depression in dominant model [ORadj (95% CI): 2.03 (1.06–3.96), p = 0.035; 0.48 (0.23–0.96), p = 0.042; 0.42 (0.20–0.84), p = 0.016, respectively]. Significant eQTL and sQTL signals were observed for SNP rs8065080. Individuals with GRS (Genetic risk scores) of Q4 (14–17) had a higher risk of migraine and a lower risk of comorbidity anxiety than those with Genetic risk scores scores of Q1 (0–9) groups [ORadj (95% CI): 2.31 (1.39–3.86), p = 0.001; 0.28 (0.08–0.88), p = 0.034, respectively].

Conclusion: This study suggests that TRPV1 rs8065080, TRPV3 rs7217270, and GRIK2 rs2227283 polymorphism may associate with migraine risk. TRPV1 rs222741 and TRPM8 rs7577262 may associate with migraine comorbidity anxiety risk. rs222741, rs3742037, rs17862920, and rs11110359 may associate with migraine comorbidity depression risk. Higher GRS scores may increase migraine risk and decrease comorbidity anxiety risk.
A syndrome featuring developmental disorder of the nervous system induced by a novel mutation in the TCF20 gene, rarely concurrent immune disorders: a case report
Authors: Huang Si , Xu Jiaxin , Li Yiyang , Mo Wenhui , Lin Xiuwen , Wang Yajun , Liang Fujian , Bai Yan , Huang Guochun , Chen Jing , Xin Jing , Ma Guoda
Published: May 2023

Background: The expression of TCF20 is the most widespread in brain tissue. TCF20 depletion or mutation can affect the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic neurons, leading to developmental disorder of the central nervous system and subsequent rare syndrome featuring.

Case presentation: Here, we report a 3-year-old boy carrying a novel frameshift mutation in TCF20, c.1839_1872del (p.Met613IlefsTer159), resulting in multisystem disease. In addition to symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorder, a large head circumference, special appearance, overgrowth, abnormal testicular descent. Remarkably, previously infrequently reported symptoms of the immune system such as hyperimmunoglobulinemia E (hyper-IgE), immune thrombocytopenic purpura, cows milk protein allergy, and wheezy bronchitis, were observed.

Conclusion: This study broadens the mutation spectrum of the TCF20 and the phenotypic spectrum of TCF20-associated disease.