bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypothesis: Immunotherapy by Selective Convalescent Blood Engineering to stifle diseases like COVID-19
Authors: Mukherjee Arka Prava
Published: March 2020

Current standard vaccine testing protocols take approximately 10–24 months of testing before a vaccine can be declared successful. By the time a successful vaccine is out for public use, the outbreak may already be over. With no vaccine or antiviral drug available to treat the infected, we are left with the age-old methods of isolation, quarantine, and rest, to arrest such a viral outbreak. Convalescent blood therapy and covalent plasma therapy have often proved effective in reducing mortality, however, the role of innate and adaptive immune cells in these therapies have been overlooked. Antigen presenting cells (APCs), CD4+ T memory cells, CD8+ T memory cells, and memory B-Cells all play a vital role in sustainable defense and subsequent recovery. This report incorporates all these aspects by suggesting a novel treatment therapy called selective convalescent leukapheresis and transfusion (SCLT) and also highlights its potential in vaccination. The anticipated advantages of the proposed technique outweigh the cost, time, and efficiency of other available transfusion and vaccination processes. It is envisioned that in the future this new approach could serve as a rapid emergency response to subdue a pathogen outbreak and to stop it from becoming an epidemic, or pandemic.
Administrasi pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan (1)
Authors: Sari Yuni Kartika
Published: March 2020

Administration can be interpreted as an activity or business to help, serve, director or manage all activities ini achieving a goal
Konsep dasar administrasi pendidikan
Authors: Ningsih Kurniati , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

This article aims to describe how the educational administration should be going on generally. The methodology used to arrange this article is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). First, researcher find relevant theories, and then make a conclusion about it, then analyzing, and finally make a new information based researcher analyzing. The result of this article base on the researcher analyzing is generally there are four steps to do educational administration. They are planning, actuating, controlling, and evaluating
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: Ningsih Kurniati , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

This article aims to describe how the educational administration should be going on generally. The methodology used to arrange this article is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). First, researcher find relevant theories, and then make a conclusion about it, then analyzing, and finally make a new information based researcher analyzing. The result of this article base on the researcher analyzing is generally there are four steps to do educational administration. They are planning, actuating, controlling, and evaluating.
Administrasi Pendidik Dan Tenaga Kependidikan
Authors: Rahman Asbitur , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

Educational staff includes leaders of education units, inspectors of non-formal education units, supervisors of formal education units, library staff, laboratory personnel, learning resource technicians, education field staff, administrative staff, psychologists, social workers, therapists, school cleaners, and other designations for officers a kind who works in an education unit. the best something should also be paid accordingly.
Administrasi pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan
Authors: Husni Hikmah Ibnu
Published: March 2020

Administration can literally be interpreted as an activity or effort to help,serve, direct, or provide all activities to achieve goals. In general, educators in Indonesia are know as instructors, namely educational staff who are related to the administration of education with special assigment as the teaching profession. School/school principals, supervisors of education units, administrative staff, library staff, laboratory personnel, study group management technicians, and tutors, who discuss organizing education to find goals. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the administration of educators and educational staff is the overall process of educators who discuss planing, organizing, directing, reporting, coordinating, monitoring and financing, using or using available facilities, both personal, spiritual material to obtain educational goals effectively and efficiently. The administrative processes of educators and education are planning, procurement, placement, and implementation.
Assessment of aesthetical quality of architectural elements of Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat, Malang
Authors: Arsitektur ARTEKS Jurnal Teknik , Ramli Syamsun , santosa herry
Published: March 2020

The characters of a building are formed by several elements, one of them is an architectural element. The architectural element can be assessed using aesthetic judgment scales. Aesthetic value is closely related to public perception. The Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat have distinctive character that worth to be preserved. Assessment of building aesthetic is the initial step in the effort to preserve colonial buildings. This study aims to assess the aesthetic quality of the architectural elements of Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat. Questionnaires are used to collect data, and Aesthetic measurement is carried out using the semantic differential scale. The community members are requested to judge the aesthetic quality of the buildings based on their own perceptions by looking at photos. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples test, and linear regression. The research results showed that the architectural element that had the most significant impact on the aesthetic quality of Colonial buildings were the façade. The Colonial building with the highest aesthetic value is the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Malang.
Against Steady State
Authors: Garzanti Eduardo , Sternai Pietro
Published: March 2020

Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history is generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows that these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, that the steady state is utopic. However, we need a state of equilibrium as a starting point for modelling Nature, and the steady-state condition is widely used as a reference in idealisations aimed at understanding natural processes. The present contribution is meant as an epistemological note of caution − from Earth scientists to Earth sci- entists − aimed at discouraging the use of theoretical models as true evidence instead of terms of comparison.
Pembatasan Sosial Di Indonesia Akibat Virus Corona Ditinjau Dari Sudut Pandang Politik
Authors: Telaumbanua Dalinama
Published: March 2020

Wabah atau virus corona telah menyebabkan kerugian nyata dikalangan masyarakat dunia. Kerugian ini juga dialami oleh Indonesia, bahkan ada yang sakit dan meninggal akibat virus corona tersebut. Tindakan dan antisipasi pemerintah Indonesia menjadi hal yang menarik ditunggu. Tindakan tersebut ternyata sudah diambil dalam bentuk adanya pembatasan sosial (social distancing). Pilihan pemerintah yang menerapkan pembatasan sosial ini menarik dicermati karena pilihan tersebut merupakan pilihan yang berisiko terhadap upaya pencegahan terjangkitnya orang akibat virus corona ini. Menurut hasil pembahasan penulis menunjukkan bahwa tindakan pemerintah memilih jalur social distancing diakibatkan faktor ekonomi karena kalau memilih jalur lockdown, maka bisa berimbas pada aspek berkurangnya atau tidak adanya pendapatan negara di bidang pariwisata, berkurangnya atau tidak adanya pendapatan negara dari sisi pajak perusahaan, berkurangnya atau tidak adanya pendapatan negara di bidang ekspor barang ke negara lain, dan bertambahnya pembiayaan kehidupan rakyat.
The impairing effect of acute stress on the intentional forgetting of future fears and its moderation by working memory capacity
Authors: Ashton Stephanie M. , Benoit Roland Georg , Quaedflieg Conny W.E.M.
Published: March 2020

Unwanted imaginations of future fears can, to some extent, be avoided. This is achieved by control mechanisms similar to those engaged to intentionally forget unwanted memories. Intentional forgetting relies on the executive control network, whose functioning is impaired after exposure to acute stress. This study investigates whether acute stress affects the ability to intentionally control future fears and, furthermore, whether individual differences in executive control predict a susceptibility to these effects. The study ran over two consecutive days. On day 1, the working memory capacity of one hundred participants was assessed. Thereafter, participants provided descriptions and details of fearful episodes that they imagined might happen in their future. On day 2, participants were exposed to either the stress or no-stress version of the Maastricht Acute Stress Test, after which participants performed the Imagine/No-Imagine task. Here, participants repeatedly imagined some future fears and suppressed imaginings of others. Results demonstrated that, in unstressed participants, suppression successfully induced forgetting of the episodes’ details compared to a baseline condition. However, the observed reduction in anxiety toward these events remained unchanged. Acute stress was found to selectively impair intentional forgetting and, further, this effect was moderated by working memory capacity. Specifically, low working memory predicted a susceptibility to these detrimental effects. These findings provide novel insights into conditions under which our capacity to actively control future fears is reduced, which may have considerable implications for understanding stress-related psychopathologies and symptomatologies characterized by unwanted apprehensive thoughts.
Repetition increases Perceived Truth even for Known Falsehoods
Authors: Fazio Lisa
Published: March 2020

Repetition increases belief in false statements. This illusory truth effect occurs with many different types of statements (e.g., trivia facts, news headlines, advertisements), and even occurs when the false statement contradicts participants’ prior knowledge. However, existing studies of the effect of prior knowledge on the illusory truth effect share a common flaw; they measure participants’ knowledge after the experimental manipulation and thus conditionalize responses on posttreatment variables. In the current study, we measure prior knowledge prior to the experimental manipulation and thus provide a cleaner measurement of the causal effect of repetition on belief. We again find that prior knowledge does not protect against the illusory truth effect. Repeated false statements were given higher truth ratings than novel statements, even when they contradicted participants’ prior knowledge.
Visual Exploration of Omni-Directional Panoramic Scenes
Authors: Bischof Walter F. , Anderson Nicola C , Doswell Michael T. , Kingstone Alan
Published: March 2020

How do we explore the visual environment around us, and how are head and eye movements coordinated during our exploration? To investigate this question, we had observers look at omni-directional panoramic scenes, composed of both landscape and fractal images, using a virtual-reality (VR) viewer while their eye and head movements were tracked. We analyzed the spatial distribution of eye fixations and the distribution of saccade directions; the spatial distribution of head positions and the distribution of head shifts; as well as the relation between eye and head movements. The results show that, for landscape scenes, eye and head behaviour best fit the allocentric frame defined by the scene horizon, especially when head tilt (i.e., head rotation around the view axis) is considered. For fractal scenes, which have an isotropic texture, eye and head movements were executed primarily along the cardinal directions in world coordinates. The results also show that eye and head movements are closely linked in space and time in a complementary way, with stimulus-driven eye movements predominantly leading the head movements. Our study is the first to systematically examine eye and head movements in a panoramic VRenvironment, and the results demonstrate that a VR environment constitutes a powerful and informative research alternative to traditional methods for investigating looking behaviour.
A Marxist Approach to Communication Freedom
Authors: Splichal Slavko
Published: March 2020

This article is an abridged translation of the section “Produkcija in komuniciranje: nujnost in svoboda” (Production and communication: necessity and freedom) of Slavko Splichal’s book Množično komuniciranje med svobodo in odtujitvijo (Mass Communication between Freedom and Alienation, pp. 123-138), published in Slovene in 1981 after it was defended as a doctoral thesis in 1979. The article, which was among the earliest on its topic, starts with the discussion of Marx’s approach to the freedom of the press in his “Proceedings of the Sixth Rhine Province Assembly”, from the perspective of his later economic critique of capitalism, to show the inherent connection between human communication and work. This indissoluble connection is the starting point of the critique of “critical theories” aiming at “liberating” communication from work and production, exemplified by Habermas’s dualistic conception of work and communication. The concluding part discusses the relationship between communication freedom, rationality, and alienation, arguing that the freedom of communication cannot be founded on its independence from work (material production), but only on the emancipation or disalienation of human labour, and emphasising the danger that, if this does not happen, one-party socialist system with state and social ownership of the means of production and state-controlled economy will deteriorate into a multiparty capitalist system with private ownership and monopolistic economy. The article is followed by an afterword in which the author writes in a retrospect, after 40 years, about political and intellectual circumstances of the self-management socialism, which shaped the development of communication and media studies in “late socialism” – i.e. in the period preceding and heralding the collapse of socialism.
Different leaf water dynamics post-anthesis affects the final kernel weight in wheat
Authors: Pérez Osvaldo , Viega Luis , Castro Marina
Published: March 2020

Drought stress during wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain filling can affect the grain yield and its quality; effects that in some regions can be increased by the event La Niña, the cold phase of the climatic phenomenon El Niño Southern Oscillation. The aim was to evaluate if the evolution of relative water content (RWC) and stomatal conductance (gs) can be related to grain yield and its quality. Four spring wheat cultivars grown in the southern cone of South America were subjected to two levels of irrigation applied after anthesis, a well-watered treatment (Control), and another with 50 % of the Control (Stress). RWC and gs were determined weekly during the stress period and agronomic traits at harvest. With a mean grain yield decrease of 14.8 % (P<0.05), two types of response to water deficit were identified for RWC and gs. Two cultivars (Biointa 1001 and LE2333) had slower RWC and gs decreases, which were related to a lower ratio of kernels to aerial biomass (P<0.05), and to a non-significant effect in kernel weight. While, in the other cultivars (LE2249 and LE2331), the water deficit caused a more rapid RWC and gs decrease related to a higher ratio of kernels to aerial biomass, and a significant kernel weight decrease (10.4 and 20.7 %, respectively). The latter cultivars, that had more rapid leaf dehydration under water stress, may also have been source-limited during the grain-filling period.
OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITH THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Georgiy Prokudin  , Olexiy Chupaylenko  , Olexiy Prokudin  , Olexiy Dudnik  , Yuriy Pylypenko
Published: March 2020

One of the urgent tasks of the transport industry at the moment is the task of optimizing the transport of goods in international transportation. The process of solving the salesman-task problem is automated by modern information technology means, in particular the Delphi Software and the function "Search Solution" in the Microsoft Office Excel table processor.
ВПЛИВ ЯКОСТІ ОЧИСТКИ МАСЛА НА МОТОРЕСУРС ДИЗЕЛЬНИХ ДВИГУНІВ АВТОМОБІЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ
Authors: Марченко Д. Д.
Published: March 2020

The methods of upgrading of motor oils which determine of engines exploited in different climatic terms and loading modes are described in the article.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТРАНСПОРТНЫМИ ПОТОКАМИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ 1С
Authors: Бакунова О. М.  , Бакунов А. М.  , Калитеня И. Л.  , Образцова О. Н.  , Сащеко В. А.  , Латушкина А. Д.  , Ситник М. Ю.
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the use of ERP, which allows to build a logistics model of the enterprise, optimize costs, track the impact on the environment.
Vehicle Navigation Systems Involving Inertial Sensors and Odometry Data from On-Board Diagnostics in Non-Gps Applications
Authors: Prusaczyk Piotr , Panasiuk Jarosław , Baranowski Leszek
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the applicability of on-board diagnostics data for minimizing inertial navigation errors in vehicles. The results of driving tests were presented and discussed. Knowledge  of a vehicle’s exact initial position and orientation was crucial in the navigation process. Orientation errors at the beginning of navigation contributed to positioning errors. GPS data were not processed by the algorithm during navigation.
PRODUCTIVITY OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AND MIXTURES WITH DIFFERENT SOWING DATES IN WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Petruk V. A.
Published: March 2020

The results of field studies for 2017 - 2019 are presented. yields of perennial grasses sown at different times of the growing season. Spring, summer, and winter sowing periods were compared. Alfalfa, clover, rump, and also their mixtures were sown in 2017 under the cover of barley. The value of the cover crop yield of spring and summer sowing periods did not differ significantly and amounted to 4-5 t / ha of absolutely dry matter. Winter barley crops have not formed. On average, over 2 years of use, the highest yields were observed in alfalfa-crust grass mixtures - 3.4 t / ha of absolutely dry matter. The lowest yield was obtained in the single-species seeding of the rump. Correspondingly, in the spring, summer and winter periods of sowing, the yield of rump was 1.6; 1.1 and 1.3 t / ha. With a late sowing period, the yield of perennial grasses is significantly lower compared to spring and summer. With winter sowing periods, the yield was the highest for grass stands of alfalfa and alfalfacrust grass mixture - 2.3 and 2.4 t / ha. It should be noted that in the second year of use, the yield by the sowing dates in single-species crops and grass mixtures is leveled. The winter crops of perennial grasses in the first year of use formed a low yield. Only in the second year (third year of life) the productivity of perennial grasses of winter sowing began to increase. Consequently, in the area under perennial grasses of the winter sowing period, during one growing season (the next year after sowing), the crop was not actually formed. Based on the data obtained, production can be recommended for spring and summer planting of perennial grasses under the cover of barley. The winter sowing period provides economically valuable crop yields only by the third year of life.
THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER CONDITIONS OF THE GROWING SEASON ON THE YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE OB RIVER REGION
Authors: Sharkov I. N. , Kolbin S. A.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify the dependence of spring wheat productivity on agrometeorological indicators of the vegetation period at various levels of nitrogen nutrition in the central forest-steppe of the Ob Region. Wheat of medium early varieties was grown in a wheat-barley crop rotation at doses N0, N30, N60 and N90 against the background of a full range of plant protection products. The correlation between wheat productivity and agrometeorological indicators was evaluated based on the results of 13 years of research. To characterize the hydrothermal conditions, we used the reserve of productive moisture in the soil, the amount of precipitation and air temperature, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient , and the Ponko wetting coefficient. Over the years, grain yield varied from 7.2 to 43.6 kg / ha, Selyaninov coefficient - from 0.18 to 1.67. The highest correlation coefficients (0.7–0.8) were obtained between wheat productivity and indicators of hydrothermal conditions in June - July. Moreover, with the amount of precipitation of this period, the dependence was positive, with air temperature - negative. No reliable relationship was found between grain yield and spring stock of productive moisture in the soil. The tightness of the relationship between wheat productivity and the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient and Ponko hydration coefficient was the same, with the highest correlation coefficients also obtained for June – July. The increase in wheat grain from nitrogen fertilizer increased significantly as the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season improved. Based on the obtained values   of the fertilizer nitrogen payback by increasing the crop, it was concluded that the current price ratio - the sale of grain by the farms and their purchase of nitrogen fertilizers (approximately 1:7) is unfavorable for the development of intensive crop cultivation technologies.
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE PRODUCTION OF WINTER WHEAT SEEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Voloshchuk A. P. , Voloshchuk I. S. , Gliva V. V. , Sluchak O. M. , Gereshko G. S. , Zapesotskaya M. S.
Published: March 2020

In recent years, interest in non-traditional methods of farming and plant growing has increased, which include the widespread use of biological methods of plant protection and nutrition, allowing significantly reduce the use of pesticides and reduce fertilizer rates. Therefore, there is a constant search and selection of highly effective and competitive formulations that, in growing technologies, ensured an increase in yield and the quality of the grown products. It has been established that the reasons for obtaining seeds of low yielding and sowing qualities of winter wheat in the zone of excessive moisture in the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are lodging of crops and the development of harmful diseases. These negative phenomena can be prevented through the use of the Vympel-2 growth regulator and Oracle microfertilizer colofermin copper, both when separately and simultaneously introduced into the ejection phase of the tube. Under the influence of these formulations, resistance to lodging of plants increases, the spread of diseases decreases: powdery mildew, leaf septoria, and dark brown rust. The increased spike growth and the best filling of winter wheat grains occur due to the shortening of the vegetative part of the shoot, which contributes to a significant increase in productivity - 0.45–0.55 t / ha. Due to optimal growth and development, seeds of high sowing qualities are formed on maternal plants. The most effective is the tank mixture of the Vympel-2 growth regulator (0.5 l / ha) with microfertilizer Oracle colofermin copper (1.0 l / ha) against the background of N30P90K90 with the phased introduction of nitrogen according to N30P90K90 at the IV and VII stages of organogenesis, which reduced development diseases on plants compared with the control (without treatment of sowing) by 15.4% (powdery mildew), 10.8 (leaf Septoria) and 10.4% (dark brown spotting).
Energy and Exergy Analysis of LiBr-aq and LiCl-aq Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification System
Authors: KavasoğullarI Barış , Cihan Ertuğrul , Demir Hasan
Published: March 2020

In this study, energy and exergy analysis of experimental results obtained from a dehumidification system using LiBr-aq (lithium bromide-water) and LiCl-aq (lithium chloridewater) as desiccant was made. In dehumidifier and regenerator columns polycarbonate sheets, which have not been used before, were used as packing material to increase contact area in purposed liquid desiccant dehumidification system. In the analysis, variation of electrical coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency with airflow rate for different solution mass flow rates were investigated. Because of investigation, maximum values of electrical coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency were calculated approximately as 2.8 and 18%, respectively.
Taking into Account Material Damping in Seismic Analysis of Structures
Authors: Barabash Maria S. , Pysarevskyi Bogdan Y. , Bashynskyi Yaroslav
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to justify that it is necessary to take into account physical and mechanical properties of soil and different materials of erected structures for damping vibrations in dynamic loads, and to suggest tools for modelling the damping effect (natural or engineering induced) between foundation and soil. A technique is suggested for modelling the behavior of structure in time history analysis taking into account material damping. When solving this problem, the following results were obtained: the physical meaning of material damping was described; Rayleigh damping coefficients were computed through modal damping coefficients. Numerical analysis was carried out for the structure together with soil in earthquake load. Time history analysis was carried out for the problem. Peak values of displacement, speed and acceleration at the roof levels were compared. Analysis results were compared (with and without taking into account material damping). Significant influence of damping on the stress-strain state of the structure has been confirmed.
Research of Efficiency of the Horizontal Coating Depending on Intensity of Capillary Absorption
Authors: Dmitriyeva Nina , Popov Oleg , Grin Olga
Published: March 2020

In this article, research of intensity of a capillary suction of horizontal waterproof coatings when using dry polymer plaster mixtures is described. Line charts of dependence of intensity of capillary absorption on the depth of dipping and mortars for waterproofing coatings are made based on test data. The following stage of experiment is modeling of horizontal waterproofing of shell limestone masonry in sandy and clay soils. Samples of stone were laid on waterproofing material. Material was applied according to the plan of experiment, in one, two and three layers on dry and wet surfaces of samples. Thus, during the research, it has been established that the intensity of capillary absorption is affected by porosity of shell limestone, soil conditions and types of waterproof coating.
The Main Directions of the Humanization of Industrial Objects in Urban Environment
Authors: Votinov Maksym , Smirnova Olga , Liubchenko Maria
Published: March 2020

The tendency to transform the old industrial areas began in 1950-1960 last century in Europe and America. By the end of the twentieth century with the development of the world economy, the time has come when the transformation of industrial infrastructure is becoming a comprehensive phenomenon. Currently, in the economies of developed countries, forms of transformation such as global mergers, takeovers, re-equipment and re-functioning are being intensively implemented. Based on the analysis of positive foreign experience, the main directions of humanization of the urban environment are considered through the transformation of industrial facilities. The transformation of industrial facilities and their territories with a change in functionality becomes the main direction of humanization of the urban environment in the XXI century. Numerous architectural and compositional techniques are allowed to adapt any industrial facility in the dynamic infrastructure of the city.
Application of a Cold Spray Based 3D Printing Process in the Production of EDM Electrodes
Authors: Klarić Štefanija , Botak Zlatko , Hill Damien J. , Harbidge Matthew , Murray Rebecca
Published: March 2020

Cold spray process principles allow the production of near-net-shape metal parts with a fast layer deposition by using 3D printing techniques via supersonic 3D deposition (SP3D). This innovative additive manufacturing process allows an easy and quick production of copper and aluminium parts with future possibilities to expand materials and alloys. The speed and materials enable the application of this cold spray based 3D printing process for the production of tools. In this paper, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) electrodes were fabricated by using SP3D to investigate its application in tool production. Requirements for the materials of electrodes and some existing solutions for the production of EDM electrodes with additive manufacturing methods are described first. The fabrication and experimental results are then presented for 3D printed copper EDM electrodes that were tested by using St 37-2 (DIN 17100) steel as the workpiece.
Energy Loss Analysis at the Gland Seals of a Marine Turbo-Generator Steam Turbine
Authors: Kocijel Lino , Poljak Igor , Mrzljak Vedran , Car Zlatan
Published: March 2020

The paper presents an analysis of marine Turbo-Generator Steam Turbine (TGST) energy losses at turbine gland seals. The analyzed TGST is one of two identical Turbo-Generator Steam Turbines mounted in the steam propulsion plant of a commercial LNG carrier. Research is based on the TGST measurement data obtained during exploitation at three different loads. The turbine front gland seal is the most important element which defines TGST operating parameters, energy losses and energy efficiencies. The front gland seal should have as many chambers as possible in order to minimize the leaked steam mass flow rate, which will result in a turbine energy losses’ decrease and in an increase in energy efficiency. The steam mass flow rate leakage through the TGST rear gland seal has a low or negligible influence on turbine operating parameters, energy losses and energy efficiencies. The highest turbine energy efficiencies are noted at a high load – on which TGST operation is preferable.
Tourism as a Factor of Demand in Public Road Passenger Transportation in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Kos Goran , Ivandić Neven , Vidović Krešimir
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of research in tourism as one of the most important factors in the public passenger transport demand. The research has been carried out for the requirements of creating a Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) for the Republic of Croatia for 2016. Traffic and tourism, as strategic economic activities of the Republic of Croatia, have the characteristics of complex and dynamic systems, mutually conditioned by the guidelines of the demand and supply chain of tourist product values. Therefore, the paper is oriented towards the analysis of the significance of tourism for public road passenger transport in the Republic of Croatia. During 2016, road intercity passenger transport carried 50.4 million passengers, out of which 98 percent in domestic and 2 percent in international transport. Passenger road transportation is marked by mild seasonal oscillations, with the summer period marked by the lowest level of demand, and the period from January to March by the largest number of passengers. The provision of public road transportation services in 2016 realised a revenue of 1.8 billion kuna for 433 business subjects registered in this activity. The trends indicate an increase in the number of travelled kilometres by buses with passengers.
Assessment of a method for usability testing by determining usability of the online learning platform
Authors: Števančec Darko , Fink Grubačević Iris
Published: March 2020

Today many products are designed to be reasonably easy to use so, in addition to usefulness, product usability is of great importance. Usability means simply using or simply learning to use a tool or device. In software engineering, usability is the degree to which certain users can effectively use software to achieve their goals in the context of use. Usability assessment involves measurement methods, such as analyzing consumer needs and examining perceptions of product efficiency and product attractiveness. In human-computer interaction, studying usability means the analysis of attractiveness and clarity of an application which is designed to interact with a computer program or web site. Usability takes into account both user satisfaction as well as the usability and quality of the component under study, while striving to improve the user experience through iterative product design. The basic problem of the research project was the pilot assessment of the suitability of our own method of testing the usability of the Sakai online learning platform in integration with the BigBlueButton conference call program. The article presents the most important results of assessing our own method of testing the usability of the learning platform on groups of students and lecturers participating in the e-learning process and project (CPK) testers. The testing was performed on the basis of the evaluation of the test subjects' introspective insight into their own expression of emotional reactions by means of a questionnaire and analysis of mimics, gestures and proxemics from the videos of the test subjects by the testers. The statistical significance of the differences between the groups was performed by Kullback 2Ȋ test of the independence hypothesis.
Fünf Jahre Mindestlohn in Deutschland: Ein Zwischenfazit
Authors: Liebig Stefan
Published: March 2020

Auch wenn die Einführung des Mindestlohnes vor nunmehr fünf Jahren die kurzfristigen sozialpolitischen Erwartungen (Erhöhung der Monatseinkommen im unteren Einkommenssegment) nicht erfüllt hat, so verbinden sich damit doch durchaus positive verteilungspolitische Effekte. Ob damit auch ein Beitrag zur Stärkung der normativ evaluativen Grundlagen der sozialen Marktwirtschaft geleistet wird, kann zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch nicht entschieden werden. Gerade der vergleichsweise hohe Anteil Anspruchsberechtigter, die keinen Mindestlohn erhalten und der Umstand, dass das Mindestlohngesetz von betrieblicher Seite auch unterlaufen wird, verweist jedoch darauf, dass es bei den Debatten um den Mindestlohn nicht allein um die Frage gehen kann, ob nun 9,35 Euro oder 12,00 Euro angemessen sind. Um die Zielsetzungen des Mindestlohns tatsächlich weiter umzusetzen gilt es, das Augenmerk noch stärker auch auf die Einhaltung der gesetzlichen Bestimmungen zu richten.
Proteste gegen Bau- und Infrastrukturprojekte. Lösungen im Dialog suchen
Frank Brettschneider
Authors: Brettschneider Frank
Published: March 2020

Oft protestieren Menschen gegen Bau- und Infrastrukturprojekte. Ihre Motive sind vielfältig. Gesellschaftlich tragfähige Lösungen sind dennoch möglich. Dazu bedarf es einer dialogorientierten Kommunikation zwischen den Vorhabenträgern, der Bevölkerung, zivilgesellschaftlichen Gruppen, Politik und Verwaltung.
Der CO2-Preis – ein geeignetes Instrument zur Erreichung der nationalen Klimaschutzziele?
Authors: Zensen Richard
Published: March 2020

Mit der Verabschiedung des Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetzes vom 12.12.2019 ging zusätzlich auch der Beschluss des Gesetzes über einen nationalen Zertifikatehandel für Brennstoffemissionen (BEHG) – oder auch als CO2-Preis bezeichnet – einher. Dieses beinhaltet die Bepreisung von Brennstoffen, welcher zu Preissteigerung von klimaschädlichen Produkten führen soll. Mithilfe dieser Lenkungsfunktion sollen Anreize für mehr klimafreundliches Verhalten der BürgerInnen geschaffen werden. Dieser Beitrag versucht, die Kontroversen, die um den CO2-Preis und dessen ökologische, soziale, wirtschaftliche und politische Auswirkungen entstanden sind, in Politik, Medien, Zivilgesellschaft und Verbänden zusammenzufassen.
Research on the using of the holistic marketing concept in the activity of Ukrainian pharmaceutical company
Authors: Aliekperova N. V. , Gubar M. A. , Sakhnatska N. M.
Published: March 2020

A new marketing approach that allows pharmaceutical companies to successfully adapt to the changing external environment can be considered as a holistic marketing. This concept consists of interacting elements influences on the consumers’satisfaction in effective, safe and available pharmaceutical products.

The aim of the work is the analysis of application of the holistic marketing elements on the example of Ukrainian pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprise and the model development for this concept implementation in the activity of pharmaceutical companies.

Materials and methods: content analysis, survey method, logical and system analysis.

The research is conducted based on Ukrainian pharmaceutical manufacturing company– LLC «Yuria-Pharm». The survey of company`s employees on the use of holistic marketing elements has been carried out. According to the results, the vast majority of respondents are women from 25 to 44, with work experience in the company up to 5 years, with higher medical, pharmaceutical or economic education. As a rule, respondents hold senior positions in the different departments or directly involved in promotion of the company’s products.According to results obtained, 91.4% respondents understand the values of the company, and 85.7% completely share them. Almost half of respondents suppose that company policy supports their leadership traits development (internal marketing). 68.6% employees sure that the company should take into account the interests of society, focusing on the development of scientific research and support of gifted youth (socially responsible marketing).It has determined that only 34% respondents are constantly interacting with other departments’ employees (integrated marketing).The vast majority of employees cooperate with health facilities (54.3%) and suppliers (51.4%).The respondents have the most productive relations with wholesale companies, health facilities, suppliers and customers (relationship marketing).Respondents estimate relations between the company and its key stakeholders rather positively.Nevertheless, it is worth working in this direction.

The model of holistic marketing for its implementation in the activities of pharmaceutical companies for provision of the population in Ukraine with available, effective and safe medicines has been developed. The perspective direction of future research is the adaptation of the holistic marketing concept to the current realities of pharmaceutical market and the practical recommendations formulation regarding the holistic approach in the creation of a marketing strategy.
Pharmacoeconomic research of pharmacotherapy schemes of community-acquired pneumonia with the inclusion of antiviral drugs
Authors: Soloviov S. O. , Trokhymchuk V. V. , Dziublyk I. V.
Published: March 2020

In the early 21st century, pneumonia remains an important medical and social problem. In Ukraine, within the structure of acute and chronic bronchopulmonary pathologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is at the forefront. According to contemporary views, the main and most common cause of CAP is bacterial pathogens. Meanwhile, the outcomes of numerous microbiological studies carried out in recent years strongly suggest that viruses definitely rank second in the etiology of CAP. Today, as the complex therapy of respiratory tract diseases proved to be successful, antiviral therapy is used, allowing to reduce the severity of the disease and to minimize the risk of complications.

Goal – pharmacoeconomic analysis of additional antiviral pharmacotherapy of CAP with the use of vitaglutam based on mathematical modeling.

The efficacy analysis of pharmacotherapy with the inclusion of vitaglutam was based on the retrospective data of 114 patients with viral-bacterial moderate-flow CAP. Patients were randomly assigned to two subgroups depending on the technology of empirical antimicrobial chemotherapy. In the 1st main subgroup (48 patients), antibiotic therapy was combined with the vitaglutam antiviral drug, whereas in the 2nd control group (66 patients) only antibacterial therapy was used. For each homogeneous group of patients, the application of a pharmacoeconomic model based on a «cost of disease» analysis was proposed, which is a basic method of pharmacoeconomic assessment and takes into account the efficiency of the conducted pharmacotherapy, expressed in the achievement of recovery using various technologies of pharmacotherapy in the presence and absence of a viral infection.

Analysis of the results of clinical, and laboratory, and radiological studies showed that pharmacotherapy contributed to the positive results for both options. Meanwhile, time to achieve positive results in both groups of patients was significantly different. Pharmacoeconomic modeling, conducted for a group of 1000 simulated patients with CAP, revealed that in 27% of cases the strategy of non-inclusion of vitaglutam in pharmacotherapy scheme for patients with CAP will be dominant. However, for 73% of the simulated results, a maximum cost ratio of 16.97 was established, with an average value being 3.55. Thus, on average, the use of vitaglutam as additional antiviral pharmacotherapy is reasonable if the cost of additional antiviral pharmacotherapy is less than 3.5 times the cost per day of baseline therapy. Studies conducted in recent years have convincingly demonstrated the rationality of antiviral drugs inclusion in the pharmacotherapy scheme for patients with CAP.
HPLC determination of residual amounts of phenoxyethanol – a component of the washing and disinfecting agent «Incidin Pro»
Authors: Voitiuk O. D. , Yegorova A. V. , Scrypynets Yu. V. , Kashutskуy S. N. , Umetskaya I. V.
Published: March 2020

A prerequisite for ensuring the quality of medicines is their production in accordance with the rules of GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products), one of the most important requirements of which is equipment cleaning. Modern disinfectants that are used for the sanitary processing of technological equipment are multicomponent. These include not only the active substances of disinfectants, but also surfactants, stabilizers. In case of violation of the regimes of final washing of these agents from the surfaces of technological equipment, there is a possibility of their introduction into pharmaceutical products. This problem in Ukraine is practically unexplored due to the lack of effective methods for determining the microconcentrations of disinfectants.

Washing and disinfecting agent «Incidin Pro» (active ingredients: N,N-bis- (3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine, benzalkonium chloride, phenoxyethanol) is used to clean pharmaceutical equipment. A risk analysis was carried out and a component for detecting residual amounts of this agent – phenoxyethanol (MAСO – 2.9 μg/ml) was determined.

The aim of this work is to develop an easy-to-use, express, selective HPLC method for determining residual amounts of phenoxyethanol in washes.

Object of study – phenoxyethanol – a component of washing and disinfecting agent «Incidin Pro». For quantitative determination, high performance liquid chromatography was used. Chromatography was performed on an Agilent 1260 Infinity 2D LC System liquid chromatograph (USA) with a UV detector. The optimal conditions for the analysis were experimentally established: chromatographic column (0.10 m x 4.6 mm, filled with octadecylsilyl silica gel for chromatography (3.5 μm)), eluent composition and its gradient, column temperature (30 °C), wavelength (210 nm) and detection time are required to ensure that all components (including excipients) are exited from the column, selective determination of phenoxyethanol, and minimization of analysis time. The methodology is validated by the following parameters: specificity, linearity, limit of quantification. The specificity of the method is based on the ability to reliably determine the content of phenoxyethanol in the washes, which is achieved by using an external standard. The calibration graph shows that the detection limit of phenoxyethanol is 0.04 μg/ml. The developed method can be recommended for determination of residual quantities of phenoxyethanol in quality control of cleaning of pharmaceutical equipment.
The chemical composition of polyphenolic compounds Achillea micranthoides Klok. herbs
Authors: Duyun I. F. , Mazulin O. V. , Мazulin G. V. , Oproshanska Т. V.
Published: March 2020

For obtain modern herbal remedies, medicinal plants containing flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids are promising. These polyphenolic compounds are characterized by structural diversity, non-toxicity, a wide range of pharmacological activity. An actual problem is the development of new modern instrumental research methods. In scientific and folk medicine the genus Achillea L. of the Asteraceae L. family are widely used to accelerate wound healing, stop bleeding of various etiologies, as anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents. The herb of Achillea micranthoides Klok. has theoretical and practical interest. The plant is distributed in the southern regions of the Black Sea and Mediterranean countries, Europe, Ukraine. A long growing season contributes to the accumulation of biologically active polyphenolic compounds from groups of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids.

The aim of the work was to study the composition of polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids and the hydroxycinnamic acids) in the herbs of the Achillea micranthoides Klok. during flowering (june-september).

The object of research was herb of Achillea micranthoides Klok. Harvesting was carried out in south and oust regions of Ukraine during flowering (June–September, 2017). The investigation of polyphenolic compounds were performed by TLC and HPLC methods. HPLC analyzes were performed using an Agilent Technogies (Model 1100) (Japan). The chromatographic column ZORBAX-SB C-18 measuring 2.1×150 mm, filled with octadecylsilyl sorbent, with a grain diameter of 3.5 microns were used. The systems as the mobile phase: trifluoroacetic acid 0,2%, methanol anhydrous and a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid 0,2% with methanol 70% were used; wave length 313 nm, 350 nm.

            During the flowering period, the presence and quantitative content were established 8 flavonoids (up to 1,176 ± 0,122%) and 6 hydroxycinnamic acids (up to 0,807 ± 0,071%). The identified flavonoids are dominated by compounds: apigenin-7,4'-di-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, luteolin-6-C-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The highest content in the composition of hydroxycinnamic acids was found for chlorogenic and caffeic acids.

The obtained results to be used for perspective modern herbal remedies from Achillea micranthoides Klok. herb with anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, haemostatic and hepatoprotective activities. The qualitative and quantitative determination methods of polyphenolic compounds in Achillea micranthoides Klok. herb may be used to the State Ukraine Pharmacopoeia monographs.