bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Structured Training Program about Cadaver Organ Donation and Transplantation on Knowledge and Perception of Nursing Students at Public and Private Nursing Teaching Institute of Northern India - An Interventional Study
Authors: Singh Sukhbir , Kaur Kiran , Saini Ravinder S. , Singh Sunita , Aggarwal H. K. , Chandra Hem
Published: May 2023

Background:

“Donation gap” refers to the shortage of organ donors worldwide. The medical/nursing students and various healthcare workers have poor awareness and attitude toward organ donation.

Objective:

We conducted this study to assess the current level of knowledge and perception regarding cadaver organ donation and transplantation among nursing students and to evaluate the impact of structured training interventions on their baseline knowledge and perception level.

Methods:

It was a single-group pre-post interventional study done by nursing students of one government and one private nursing college.A pre-tested questionnaire was used as a study tool.

Statistical Analysis:

Various statistical tests like one-way repeated measure ANOVA, Mauchly’s test of sphericity, and Greenhouse–Geisser correction were used. Pairwise comparisons used Bonferroni corrections.

Results:

The pre-test group had the lowest mean knowledge (50.2346, SD = 15.35188), and immediately after training group had the highest (57.3900, SD = 14.34626). After one month, knowledge decreased but was still higher than pretraining (mean = 52.3607, SD = 13.28141).

Conclusions:

The positive attitude of nursing students may augment cadaver organ donation and transplantation in the future. The study has also highlighted the further training needs of the participants.
Odontoma – Basic Third Dimensional Histopathology Model Using 3D Animation Software and Clay Model
Authors: Tamgadge Sandhya , Tamgadge Avinash P. , Nayak Amisha
Published: May 2023

Background:

Oral lesions of the jaw has been well explained in the literature through high-quality 2D clinical, radiographic, and histopathological images. But the clinicians and most of the times students too, don’t understand the histopathological aspect through the description of text and existing 2D images. This article is preliminary attempt to explain the key events of histopathological aspects of odontoma in third dimension and clay models in a life-like manner which author herself has designed, for better understanding not only by oral and general pathologists, and students but also by patients, which is the unique feature of this short manuscript.

Aim:

To create 3D animation video and images of odontoma using various 3D animation softwares and clay models.

Methodology:

Preliminary 3D images and videos on histopathological aspect of odontoma were designed by using 3Dmax (Autodesk Media and Entertainment) and Adobe premiere pro 5.5 software which is a video editing software (Adobe Systems). Additionally models were prepared using kids’ colourful clay material.

Observation:

The clay model and 3D animation videos gave life like picture of a disease.

Conclusion:

3D animation and clay models to explain histopathology has promising future for histology and histopathology.
A Critical Appraisal of Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis of Ovarian Tumors: A 3-Year Review of Accuracy and Clinicopathological Correlation at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Pujani Mukta , Raychaudhuri Sujata , Singh Kanika , Agarwal Charu , Jain Manjula , Chauhan Varsha , Sidam Dipti , Chandoke Raj Kumar , Sharma Jagadish Chandra , Sharma Priyanka , Neelima
Published: May 2023

Background:

Intraoperative frozen section (IFS) plays a pivotal role in arriving at a diagnosis and guiding toward appropriate surgical management as there is a lack of effective ovarian cancer screening methods. Considering histopathology as the gold standard, the current study was conducted to examine the accuracy of frozen section in ovarian tumors.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective analysis was conducted on 52 cases of IFS of ovarian masses over 3 years (April 2018 to March 2021). Frozen section and permanent paraffin section reports were compared, and overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated. The role of various clinicopathological parameters in predicting ovarian malignancy was also evaluated.

Results:

The study group included 42 benign, 3 borderline, and 7 malignant tumors, with surface epithelial tumors being the most frequent. Discordance between IFS and histopathological diagnosis was observed in two cases. We observed a high sensitivity (90%), specificity (97%), PPV (90%), NPV (97%), and accuracy (94%) for frozen section of ovarian tumors. CA-125 (P = 0.007) and menopausal status (P = 0.05) emerged as significant for predicting malignancy statistically.

Conclusion:

Intraoperative frozen represents that section envisages pathologic examination in a time-bound manner and promotes fruitful communication between clinicians and pathologists, so that appropriate information is shared to curtail errors. Despite the small sample size, this study reiterates that frozen section serves as an effective diagnostic tool for intraoperative evaluation of ovarian masses when utilized judiciously by pathologists and surgeons as the advantages surpass the limitations.
Determination of the optimal length of insertion for central venous catheterization via axillary vein cannulation using preoperative chest X-ray- A prospective feasibility study
Authors: Naik Srikanth , Pappu Ameya , Sarathkumar M.S , Ramachandran Rashmi , Arora M.K. , Trikha Anjan , Singh Preet M. , Anand Rahul Kumar , Das Chandan J. , Rewari Vimi
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:

Ensuring safe central venous catheter tip placement is important. Multiple techniques are available to estimate the length of catheter insertion for subclavian and internal jugular approaches. However, the methods to determine the length of insertion for the axillary route have not been validated. The purpose of this feasibility study was to evaluate a simple method for the calculation of catheter length to be inserted and assess whether it accurately predicts the correct tip placement.

Material and Methods:

A total of 102 patients requiring preoperative central venous cannulation were evaluated, out of which 60 had successful axillary vein (AxV) cannulation. The length of insertion was calculated using the formula: (2/3* A + B) +Y (A: Clavicular length on chest radiograph [CXR], B: Vertical distance between the sternal head and carina on CXR, Y: Perpendicular distance from the skin to the AxV on ultrasound). A postoperative CXR was used to assess the accurate tip placement (2 cm above the carina to 0.5 cm below it). The primary outcome of the study was the rate of successful placement of the central venous catheter (CVC) in terms of the correct position of the tip of the catheter when the length of the catheter inserted was predicted by the formula described previously.

Results:

Optimal placement was observed in 83.33% of the cases. A higher rate of accuracy was seen in the females (P value = 0.03) and shorter patients (P value = 0.01). A Bland–Altman plot depicted a high degree of agreement.

Conclusion:

Use of the formula using a CXR and ultrasound allowed P successful placement of the CVC tip at the desired location in 83.33% of the cases.
Vitamin D and pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome: A case–control study
Authors: Ray Basu Barnali , Chakraborty Sanchari , Samaddar Ankita , Pal Randrita , Saha Sudip K , Das Nilansu
Published: May 2023

Context:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic and multifactorial endocrinopathy. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is found to be interlinked with insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and obesity in PCOS.

Aims:

To find out the correlation of VDD with IR and dyslipidemia in PCOS population of West Bengal (WB).

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted in and around Kolkata, WB with PCOS patients and their age-matched controls.

Materials and Methods:

Nutritional status, vitamin D profile, obesity indices, and IR index of both PCOS and control groups were studied.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The statistical analysis was performed to estimate the difference and correlation of quantitative variables by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 20, IBM).

Results:

Dietary fat and carbohydrate intake was significantly higher in PCOS individuals relative to recommended dietary allowance (RDA) and the control group. Deficiency of serum 25-OH vitamin D (VDD) is evident in both the control and PCOS groups. However, the prevalence of IR among PCOS patients is significantly higher (64%) than in control (4%), and it is significantly correlated with VDD (P < 0.01). homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance is found to be a comorbidity of dyslipidemia in PCOS patients.

Conclusions:

VDD, IR, and obesity potentially aggravate the phenotypic manifestations of PCOS. VDD in the control individuals of young age might be an alarming forecast for the development of PCOS in future life.
Platelet indices as a predictor of microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Agrawal Prabhat , Singh Shoorvir , Singh Akhilesh K , Pursnani Nikhil , Keshari Chandan K , Gautam Ashish , Kumar Harendra
Published: May 2023

Background:

The burden of diabetes is increasing day by day, and diabetic individuals are predisposed to develop micro- and macrovascular complications leading to increased mortality and morbidity. Platelet indexes can alert us regarding endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and in turn regarding microvascular complications.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted on 100 diabetic patients with age and sex matched and 100 nondiabetic controls. All diabetic patients were evaluated for microvascular complications such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Clinical history of all patients was taken regarding associated comorbidities and association. Fasting and postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c, platelet count, and platelet indices were measured. Statistical analysis was performed by using student unpaired t test and χ2 test.

Results:

Platelet indices mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared with controls. It was also observed that changes in mean platelet volume, PDW, and P-LCR were more significant in diabetic patients with microvascular complications than diabetic patients without microvascular complications.

Conclusion:

Values of platelet indices were statistically associated with diabetes and its microvascular complications.
Papular lesions in a diabetic patient with COVID-19: A case report from India
Authors: Dengra Ashish S , Dengra Jigyasa , Farishta Faraz , GD Ramchandani
Published: May 2023

In recent times, nonrespiratory manifestations of COVID-19 have been well established. The skin manifestations in COVID-19 appear to be diverse and can result from viral infections, systemic consequences, or prescribed drugs. To date, five common lesions have been identified in patients with COVID-19. Here we report a diabetic patient with COVID-19 who developed papular lesions following COVID-19 infection. The lesions were not due to the drugs and were seen on the face, forehead, ears, neck, and upper limbs. As the studies related to cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19 are scarce, this report adds value to the existing literature. In some instances, skin lesions might be the only symptom of COVID-19. Hence, it becomes necessary for dermatologists to get acquainted with the various skin lesions for proper diagnosis and management of COVID-19.
More weightage to diabetes in undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum in medical colleges: Has the time arrived?
Authors: Bhende Punam , Rakholia Dishant , Agarwal Chetan Manoj , Patel Mamta Roshan
Published: May 2023

Background:

Diabetes is no longer the domain of physicians alone. Every specialty needs to know about diabetes management, which, when poorly controlled, affects patient outcomes. Knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys in this group would help design and change the current academic scenario. This study aims to conduct this amongst postgraduate students in surgical branches at a medical college in rural Gujarat.

Objective:

The aims of this study were (1) to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding Diabetes management among surgical postgraduate students; (2) to formulate or modify teaching practices based on the knowledge gaps; and (3) to stress the need for more weightage to diabetes in the medical curriculum.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at a teaching hospital in rural Gujarat and 73 surgical postgraduate students participated.

Results:

Attitude towards learning was good, with 98.6% keen to learn. 97.3% felt the need for a teaching program. With regards to hurdles faced, 57.5% attributed it to lack of knowledge, 93.2% felt diabetes was not their domain, and 84.9 % regarded confusion regarding insulins. Only 48% were aware of the magnitude of the problem and knowledge regarding the management of diabetes in inpatients was less than expected.

Conclusion:

Results showed a good attitude, willingness to learn, and awareness about the impact of uncontrolled diabetes. The need for reinforcement of knowledge about diabetes was felt and willingness to manage diabetes if the hurdles were addressed was seen. There is a need to implement changes and give more weightage to diabetes and more hands-on experience to graduates and postgraduate curriculum (surgical branches) in medical colleges.
Динамика метрик в пространствах с мерой и масштабированная энтропия
Authors: Vershik Anatolii Moiseevich , Veprev Georgii A , Zatitskii Pavel Borisovich
Published: May 2023

Настоящий обзор посвящен новому направлению в теории динамических систем: динамике метрик в пространствах с мерой и новым (каталитическим) инвариантам преобразований с инвариантной мерой. Пространство с согласованными мерой и метрикой (метрические тройки или mm-пространства) автоматически определяет понятие своего энтропийного класса, позволяет построить иную и более общую по сравнению с теорией Шеннона-Колмогорова теорию энтропии динамических систем с инвариантной мерой. Незамеченный ранее намек на такую возможность высказывал еще К. Шеннон. Приводимая в статье классификация метрических троек с помощью матричных распределений принадлежит М. Громову и А. М. Вершику. Приводятся некоторые следствия и применения излагаемой теории.
Библиография: 88 названий.
Methodology Optimization for Gasket Simulation Considering Fluid
Interaction
Authors: Dinesh Kumar J. , Vasanth Bharath S. , Hariharan R. , Suresh S.
Published: May 2023

In an air brake system, compressed air is used as an energy medium for braking
applications, ensuring a good seal between the components is critical. The
sealing performance of gaskets are significant for the product with joint
features as it affects functionality and can cause a breakdown of the entire
system; hence, finite element simulation of the sealing performance of gaskets
is important for any product development. To simulate fluid interacting with
gasket, a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation is necessary by
co-simulating a computation fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element analysis
(FEA) solvers to capture complex behavior of seal deformation under dynamic
conditions during leakage, but it is a time-consuming process. In this article,
the sealing performance of gaskets is studied in detail only till the start of
leakage. It is not necessary to simulate the dynamic behavior of the seal beyond
leakage to validate the sealing performance; hence, static nonlinear analysis is
performed in FEA to capture the seal behavior. But instead of simulating the
interaction of fluid as a normal pressure load, a new technique called pressure
penetration load is applied. This new technique can not only simulate the normal
pressure on the seal and body but also simulate the penetration of fluid through
the seal. The intensity of penetration depends on the contact pressure and
exists at the interface between the seal and body, due to bolt torque. If the
contact pressure is less, the fluid pressure can penetrate and open the contact.
This method can predict the possibility of leakage efficiently, and the
computation cost is less compared to FSI simulations involving two solvers. The
contact pressure developed during the assembly process is simulated and
confirmed with the Fuji film test—a pressure-indicating sensor film. Using
pressure penetration load, the sealing performance is analyzed to ensure no
leakage during extreme conditions. With this methodology, the gasket groove
volume, number of bolts, bolt torque, and bolt locations can be optimized. This
paper also discusses the sensitivity of various FEA parameters like element
size, element type, and dependence of bolt modelling for the current simulation
to reduce computation time. This methodology can be applied to validate various
products with face-sealing gaskets. A design optimization study is done using
this method to convert a metal cover into plastic material with topology
optimization to save weight and overall cost of the product.
Review
Authors: Serón-Navas Ariadna
Published: May 2023

No Abstract
Inhibitory action of Spondias mombin leaves extracts on corrosion of mild steel in 1M HCl
Authors: Adama K. K. , Onyeachu B. I.
Published: May 2023

Acid corrosion of steel and its associated financial and material costs are serious challenges to the chemical industry, and protecting these alloys through the use of effective corrosion inhibitors is imperative. In this study, the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCl media using water and ethanol extracts of Spondias mombin leaves was investigated via weight loss technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The influence of temperature on inhibitor behaviour was also studied. Both extracts inhibited corrosion of mild steel via adsorption, following the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increased as extracts concentration was increased. After 24 and 72 hours exposure in the acid solution at 25 ℃, 500 ppm of extracts delivered maximum efficiency of (94.44 % and 76.52% for ethanol) and (51.52 % and 58,97 % for water). However, increasing temperature to 40 ℃ and 60 ℃ (after 24 hours) significantly boosted the efficiency of water extract (favoring inhibition via combined physical and chemical adsorption) but depreciated the performance of ethanol extract. The extracts provide good protection to mild steel in acidic environment and are therefore recommended as green alternatives to existing toxic ones.
Адаптація та дезадаптація у новому освітньому середовищі дітей вимушених переселенців старшого дошкільного віку
Authors: Розлуцька Галина , Куриця Віталіна
Published: May 2023

У статті розглядаються проблема адаптації у новому освітньому середовищі дітей старшого дошкільного віку, вимушених переселенців. Адаптація в новому освітньому середовищі розглядається як процес фізичного та психологічного звикання дитини до нових соціальних умов дошкільної освіти. Виявлено, що адаптація дітей дошкільного віку в умовах воєнного стану є складним та багатогранним процесом. Увага акцентується на різних аспектах дезадаптації, при якій знижуються здібності до навчання та погіршуються стосунки з педагогами та однолітками. Запропоновано як засіб профілактики дезадаптації застосування ігрових методів – соціально-рольові та творчі. Використання даних методів сприяє зниженню рівня тривожності та адаптації дітей у новому освітньому середовищі. З’ясовано, що особливого значення процес адаптації набуває у дітей вимушених переселенців старшого дошкільного віку, які в досить короткий час повинні навчитися вступати в ігрову взаємодію з незнайомими однолітками, встановлювати соціальні зв’язки з дітьми та дорослими, пристосовуватися до життя в групі. Соціальна адаптація дітей старшого дошкільного віку вимушених переселенців пов'язана з умовами нового місця проживання, соціальним середовищем та особливостями характеру, виховання та розвитку, які були їм притаманні при проживанні на старому місці. Виявлені чинники дезадаптації дітей старшого дошкільного віку: зовнішні: характеристики як малої групи, так і широкого соціального середовища: параметри діяльності, побутові умови, стиль виховання; внутрішні: індивідуальні характеристики особистості всіх рівнів: від індивідуально-типологічних особливостей нервової системи до особливостей попереднього досвіду адаптації.
Інформаційна довіра до влади як виховна проекція в умовах війни
Authors: Вірна Жанна Петрівна
Published: May 2023

Теоретична експлікація феномену інформаційної довіри до влади у ракурсі умов війни розкриває базові аспекти інформаційно-психологічної безпеки особистості. Інформаційна довіра до влади як особистісне ставлення до інформаційних дій та операцій, акумулює загальний психологічний стан привласнення інформації та використання її як пріоритетний образ реальності. Завдяки методу психологічного реконструювання здійснено аналіз функціонування інформаційної системи, окреслено фактори і засобів формування інформаційного простору особистості та опис інформаційної влади в суспільстві, яка відповідає за отримання, селекцію, тлумачення, продукування та поширення інформації. Розкрито зв'язок інформаційної довіри із проблемою інформаційної безпеки особистості. Описано природу впливів, які порушують інформаційний простір особистості, а також окремо зазначено фактори інформаційно-психологічного ризику, які притаманні власне людині. Визначено роль сформованої у людини установки відповідальності за власне життя сприяє конструктивній взаємодії з соціумом, що є умовою її інтеграції в суспільство. Контекст інформаційної довіри до влади в умовах війни стосується розгляду специфіки ведення інформаційних війн; логіки впливу на колективну та індивідуальну свідомість засобом формування «масової» людини, позбавленої відповідальності та власних переконань. Визначено виховну специфіку інформаційного впливу на уявлення та інтерпретацію смислових та моральних акцентів історичної гордості та національної ідентичності. Наголошено на тезі щодо вміння конструювання людиною її індивідуальної реальності засобом осмисленого спостереження та рефлексивної інтерпретації правдивості власних відчуттів, вражень і переживань.
Düzenli Kitap Okuma Aktivitesinin Yaşlıların Mental Sağlığı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: HASTAOĞLU Fatma , ÇELİK Pelin
Published: May 2023

Amaç:Bu çalışmada, kurum bakımı alan yaşlılara uygulanan düzenli kitap okuma aktivitesinin mental sağlıkları üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem ve Gereçler: Çalışmaya, Sivas merkezde farklı kurumlarda kalan mini mental testi 17 puan ve üzerinde olan, işitme ve iletişim engeli olmayan, çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü işitme problemi olmayan, bilinci açık 43 yaşlı dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile veri toplama formu ve Standardize Mini Mental Test ölçeğiyle toplanmış, elde edilen çalışma verileri SPSS 22.0 ile analiz edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi %95 güven aralığında, 0.05 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan yaşlıların ortalaması 69.58 ± 6.58 olarak belirlenirken, cinsiyete göre dağılımlarının birbirlerine çok yakın olduğu görülmektedir. Kadın katılımcıların %51.2 (N=22), erkek katılımcılar %48.8 (N=21) oranında olduğu, çoğunun ilkokul mezunu olduğu (%39.5) ve sürekli ilaç kullanım oranlarının oldukça yüksek olduğu (%90.7) görülmektedir. Kronik hastalık varlığının da sorgulandığı formda, katılımcıların tamamının en az bir kronik hastalığı olduğunu belirtmesi sebebiyle oranlamaya dahil edilmemiştir. , katılımcıların aktivite öncesi SMMT puan ortalamaları 21.39 ± 2.44 olarak belirlenirken, aktivite sonrası SMMT puan ortalaması 23.32 ± 2.10 olarak bulunmuştur. Aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p<0.05). Aktivite sonrası yaşlıların mental düzeylerinde anlamlı bir yükselme görülmektedir.
Sonuç: Düzenli kitap okumanın ruh sağlığı üzerindeki olumlu etkilerini araştıran birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen yaşlıların ruh sağlığı üzerine böyle bir çalışma yoktur. İlerleyen yaşla birlikte görme bozuklukları ve ileri yaşlarda okuryazarlık oranının düşük olması dikkate alındığında yaşlılara her gün belirli saatlerde istedikleri kitabın okunması, okumaya çalışmak yerine merak ettikleri kitabı dinlemelerinin sağlanması mental sağlıklarını olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Yaşlılar için düzenli kitap okuma etkinliği planlaması önemli bir uğraşı terapisi olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Ethical and scientific considerations when making decisions to euthanise companion animals
Authors: Giraldo-Arboleda Carolina , Zapata-Martinez Juan Carlos , Osorio-Morales Lina , Pedraza-Ordonez Francisco
Published: May 2023

Euthanasia is a highly controversial issue in human society. In the field of veterinary medicine, there are guidelines that are intended to assist with the decision-making around euthanasia and reduce the possible ethical and moral conflicts involved with these situations. In this review, we have collected the existing information that allows veterinarians to better understand the factors surrounding the practice of euthanasia. Specific literature on topics such as the pathophysiology of pain in animals, clinical situations that could lead to a decision to euthanise an animal, possible ethical and moral conflicts, the management of emotions by animal tutors, etc. This article provides a general and practical overview of this potentially complex issue for the benefit of students, veterinarians, and the general public from both an ethical and medical point of view, and covers the fundamental concepts and notions that can facilitate decision-making concerning the euthanasia of animals. Ethical practices in veterinary medicine and the correct application of animal welfare principals are central to making such decisions responsibly.
STATUS OF PLANKTON AND BENTHOS IN THE AQUACULTURE FIELD OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Chakraborty Binay Kumar
Published: May 2023

Phytoplankton is a key food item in both aquaculture and mariculture. Phytoplankton is utilized as food for the animals in aquaculture directly. The plankton are collected from a body of water or cultured. Phytoplankton is used as a food stock for the production of rotifers and also used to feed molluscs, pearl oysters and giant clams. Plankton is divided into two groups belonging to phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton has chlorophyll to capture sunlight, and they use photosynthesis to turn it into chemical energy. Zooplankton is a small floating or weakly swimming organism. Zooplankton moves vertically in the water column each day, feeding on the phytoplankton, small floating plants such as algae. Zooplankton serves as an intermediary species in the food chain, transferring energy from planktonic algae to the larger invertebrate predators and fish. Benthos is the community of organisms that live on, in, or near the seabed, river, lake or stream bottom, also known as the benthic zone. This community lives in or near marine or freshwater sedimentary environment, from tidal pools along the foreshore, out to the continental, and then down to the abyssal depths.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF BACTERIAL GENES AND ENZYMES IN ORGANOPHOSPHATE DEGRADATION: A STEP TOWARDS ENHANCED BIOREMEDIATION
Authors: Priyanka  , Kumar Anil , Chhokar Vinod , Beniwal Vikas
Published: May 2023

The use of Organophosphates (OPs) as pesticides and insecticides increased after world war II, although organophosphates (OPs) are comparatively less persistent in the environment, but are highly toxic to animals. OP toxicity is causing a threat to biodiversity, hence it becomes essential to deal with the degradation of such compounds. Various techniques like photolysis, and chemical degradation have been used for OP degradation but these techniques are not costeffective and require ex-situ treatment, hence bioremediation is considered a potential alternative for OP degradation. Understanding the degradation pathways followed by different bacteria, genes and enzymes involved in such pathways can act as a step towards the development of an effective bioremediation technique for OP degradation. Recombinant biotechnology and protein engineering are used to develop designer bacteria, biocatalysts and enzymes with enhanced activity for OP-degrading bacteria. The present review highlights the bacterial degradation pathways, genes and enzymes involved in bioremediation pathways and new approaches for the development of OP bioremediation techniques.
A BIOACTIVE COMPONENT MARMESIN FROM FERONIA LIMONIA FRUIT PERICARP: A REVIEW
Authors: Purwar Chhavi
Published: May 2023

Plants serve as a vast source for many phytoconstituents that exhibit pharmacological properties. Identification of such types of potential plants is of great significance in medicine. It's a necessity to study the pharmacognostic characteristics of any plant before using it in the field of research and pharmaceutical formulation. Feronia limonia plant is well known for its medicinal properties. Wood apple has antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity. In India, the fruit pericarp is used as a stomachic, diuretic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiotonic and tonic to liver and lungs. Fruit pericarp of Feronia limonia contains marmesin and other components. Shell shows anti-fungal activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria because of Psoralen. The fruit shells also contain anti-fungal compounds xanthotoxin, 2, 6-dimethoxybenzoquinone and osthenol. The structure elucidation 1 13 was performed with the help of UV, IR, H NMR, C NMR and mass spectra that confirmed the identity of Marmesin. It is a bioactive component furanocoumarin, which has a variety of pharmacological functions such as anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antiangiogenic, anticancer and antitumor activities. This article explains all about these things.
Persistence of Green Asset Returns, Fossil Fuel Returns, and Climate Policy Uncertainty
Authors: Akpa Emeka , Okunoye Ismaila , Jimmy Maxwell , Badmus Sheriff
Published: May 2023

The study uses a novel approach to test for the persistence of green asset returns, fossil fuel returns, and climate policy uncertainty. We find evidence of persistence in the series when asymmetries are considered in our test. The fossil fuel returns and climate policy uncertainty have no effect on the persistence of sustainable green asset returns. Policies around climate policy uncertainty and green asset returns should be long term.
Superconducting Electromagnetic Launch Machine System for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Vijayapakavan P , Robinson Smart D.S , Ramu Kurinjimalar , Ramachandran M
Published: May 2023

The aerospace industry is constantly experimenting with innovative technologies to improve efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability. The use of superconducting machines emerged as a promising solution to address the growing demands of Aerospace applications. Superconducting machines offer significant advantages such as higher power density, reduced weight and improved efficiency compared to conventional electrical machines. However, efficient cooling methods are critical to maintain superconducting materials at low-temperature operating conditions. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of superconducting machines and their associated cooling systems designed for space applications. A superconducting machine uses high-temperature superconductors to achieve near-zero electrical resistance, enabling high currents to be transmitted with low energy losses. This feature allows development of lightweight and compact electric propulsion systems contribute to improved fuel efficiency and extended mission capabilities in space vehicles. A cooling system is an important component of a superconducting machine because it ensures that the superconducting materials remain below their critical temperature. Various cooling techniques are being explored, including cryogenic cooling, liquid nitrogen cooling, and cryocoolers. These cooling systems effectively extract the heat generated during engine operation, maintaining the superconducting components in their superconducting state.
Sistema de vigilancia y control estatal frente a las libertades individuales
Authors: Cabrera Urzúa Ligia María
Published: May 2023

OBJETIVO: analizar el sistema de vigilancia y control estatal frente a las libertades individuales. MÉTODO: mediante la lectura y averiguación de diversos libros sobre militarización del Estado por qué se involucran y qué efectos desarrolla en el ámbito político. RESULTADOS: es necesario establecer las causas de este fenómeno, los logros alcanzados y los desafíos que se deben someter los estados, siendo garantes de la población, para que estos tengan una mejor convivencia, en pro de los derechos humanos y fundamentales de cada individuo. CONCLUSIÓN: habrá situaciones en los que un Estado impondrá a las personas el cumplimiento de deberes que sean susceptibles de poner en riesgo la libertad de conciencia de la que goza todo individuo. De allí que, la objeción de conciencia sea la manifestación de un derecho que contradice un deber impuesto por el Estado.
El Apartheid dentro del Estado: Segregación racial, cultural o religiosa
Authors: Vargas Salguero Carol Yessenia
Published: May 2023

OBJETIVO: con el presente artículo se tratará de analizar los aspectos generales de los principios fundamentales que debe proteger el Estado, tales como la igualdad y la no segregación racial, cultural, religiosa y de genero a nivel internacional y nacional; considerados como una problemática que se ha luchado por su erradicación y protección a través de la historia MÉTODO: mediante la lectura e averiguación de diversos libros sobre militarización del Estado por qué se involucran y que efectos desarrolla en el ámbito político. RESULTADOS: es necesario establecer las causas de este fenómeno, los logros alcanzados y los desafíos que se deben someter los estados, siendo garantes de la población, para que estos tengan una mejor convivencia, en pro de los derechos humanos y fundamentales de cada individuo. CONCLUSIÓN: se necesita entablar las razones de este fenómeno, los logros alcanzados y los retos que se tienen que dominar los estados, siendo garante poblacional, para que dichos tengan una mejor convivencia, en pro de los derechos humanos y primordiales de cada persona.
Estrés académico y desempeño de estudiantes de bachillerato durante la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Briceño Nuñez Chess Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

PROBLEMA: la pandemia mundial del COVID-19 ha influido directamente sobre la práctica académica de los estudiantes de Bachillerato General Unificado, y es importante conocer los factores asociados a su desempeño. OBJETIVO: establecer el impacto que los estresores académicos han tenido sobre el desempeño de estudiantes en la ciudad de Guayaquil-Ecuador, durante la pandemia del COVID-19. MÉTODO: se siguió una investigación cuantitativa no experimental con un diseño transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 600 estudiantes activos en el sistema educativo público y privado, cursantes del primer, segundo y tercer año de Bachillerato. RESULTADOS: la pandemia del COVID-19 ha ocasionado que el estudiantado participante esté frecuentemente con estrés. Los estresores académicos, tales como: las deficiencias metodológicas del profesorado que imparte las clases, la sobrecarga en el cumplimiento de las actividades, la existencia de un clima social negativo durante las clases virtuales, la dificultad existente para que haya una participación real del estudiantado en los procesos educativos, la naturaleza y propósito de las asignaturas que están cursando, la manera como se percibe el rendimiento escolar, las evaluaciones académicas que son impuestas y por último las intervenciones durante las clases virtuales, son efectivamente factores incidentes sobre los altos niveles de estrés en los participantes. CONCLUSIÓN: los estudiantes participantes se encuentran afectados por el estrés académico que generó la pandemia del COVID-19 y esto ha tenido importantes repercusiones escolares.
Deterioro cognitivo y funcional como grandes síndromes geriátricos desde la neurorehabilitación fisioterapéutica
Authors: Pinto Cabrera Josué Elizandro
Published: May 2023

PROBLEMA: los grandes síndromes geriátricos se consideran un gran reto en la actualidad para el envejecimiento activo con una vida independiente.  OBJETIVO: identificar el deterioro cognitivo y funcional como grandes síndromes geriátricos desde la nuerorehabilitación fisioterapéutica en adultos mayores en el departamento de Zacapa. METODO: el estudio es retrospectivo transversal. Se determinó la prevalencia del deterioro cognitivo y funcional como grandes síndromes geriátricos desde la neurorehabilitación fisioterapéutica en adultos a partir de los 60 años en adelante. RESULTADOS: obteniendo un 40% de los adultos mayores (N=33) presentaron un deterioro cognitivo moderadamente grave según la evaluación de la Escala de Reisberg. De la población total se identificó un 54% (N=45) manifestaban una dependencia severa, según el Índice de Barthel y en las comorbilidades de los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo y funcional prevalece con demencia vascular un 57% (N=47). CONCLUSION: se demuestra la relación existente entre el deterioro cognitivo y funcional con las comorbilidades en los pacientes en un rango de edad de 60 y 90 años lo cual es de utilidad en la predicción en la posibilidad del deterioro cognitivo y funcional en adultos mayores que residen en el departamento de Zacapa.
Transformación del currículo de la Carrera de Ingeniero Agrónomo del Centro Universitario de Zacapa
Authors: Morales Samayoa Abel Arturo , Rosales Gómez Cristian Alexander , Guzmán Navas Manuel Gustavo , Domínguez Morales Christian Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Problema: El programa de estudio de la carrera de Ingeniero Agrónomo, del Centro Universitario de Zacapa, fue construido bajo el enfoque de otro centro universitario, de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, pero se percibe que, cultural y estratégicamente, se debe crear cierta reforma que esté orientada a que los estudiantes tengan un orden de aprendizaje ascendente en su carrera, es decir que partan de lo básico en sus primeros ciclos, y luego, se vayan adentrando a lo específico, para alcanzar un nivel de competencias mucho mejor. Propósito: Mejorar el currículo de la carrera, favoreciendo la continuidad lógica en el establecimiento de basamento teórico-práctico, en la estructura y continuidad de los temas y cursos desarrollados durante el estudio de la carrera. Metodología: se llevó a cabo un estudio analítico, transversal, cualitativo, mediante el cual, un grupo de profesionales determinó la coherencia de la distribución semestral de diferentes asignaturas, presentes en el currículo de una carrera. Resultados: 1) se obtuvo mejor cooperación y responsabilidad de cada miembro del equipo; 2) se han identificado nuevos retos que el programa debe abordar, tales como la necesidad de reordenar los cursos impartidos, omitir alguno de ellos y concatenar la relación entre otros; 3) se han mejorado las capacidades de la figura del egresado para ser más inclusivo y orientado a la acción frente a los desafíos contextuales; 4) se obtuvo un mejor hilvanamiento de pre-saberes que encuentren significancia conforme se avanza en la carrera; 5) Se han identificado pautas adicionales para lograr una mejor entrega del plan de estudios; y 6) se obtuvo un grado de complejidad ascendente y que el fundamento teórico y práctico, se vaya dando de forma concatenada y gradual. Conclusión: la revisión del actual currículo, proporcionó elementos específicos para mejorar el esquema curricular de la carrera de Ingeniero Agrónomo, a través de la contextualización en las tareas sociales y ocupacionales. Se sugiere implementar un plan de mejora a través de la colaboración, peritaje continuo y sustentación de la globalidad los participantes.
VIETNAMESE HIGH SCHOOL EFL LEARNERS’ LANGUAGE MINDSETS: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Trong
Published: May 2023

This research employed a quantitative research design targeting (1) investigating Vietnamese high-school students’ patterns of language mindset; and (2) examining the relationship between students’ mindsets and demographic variables, including genders, school groups, and grade groups. The data was collected through the language mindset inventory with 18 items, using a 6-Likert scale. The questionnaire was delivered to EFL students in public high schools via online forms. With 248 valid responses, statistical analysis was conducted to answer the research questions. The findings show that the EFL high-school students endorse a growth mindset, and there was no difference found in the relation between students’ language mindsets and their demographic features.
 

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THE EFL 9TH GRADERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF VISUAL AIDS IN READING COMPREHENSION AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN KIEN GIANG, VIETNAM
Authors: Pham Chuong Thi , Nguyen Cang Trung
Published: May 2023

Reading skill is an essential component of language acquisition since it aids in the development of other associated skills. Therefore, how to improve students' reading is always the primary concern of most secondary school teachers of English. Besides, thanks to the visual aids, teachers have been able to design many interesting and lively reading lessons. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the students’ attitudes toward the use of visual aids in reading comprehension. The participants were 45 students from grade 9 at a secondary school in Kien Giang province. This study was conducted as a quantitative research approach. Data collection was from questionnaires. The finding of the study indicated that there was a good correlation between visual aids and reading comprehension. Most of the participants had positive attitudes toward the use of visual aids in reading comprehension.

 

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ACADEMIC IDENTITY
Authors: Erdem Ali Riza
Published: May 2023

When the term "academy" is mentioned, the first thing that comes to mind is usually a university. In other words, academia is often associated with universities. From an institutional perspective, a university is an autonomous educational institution where professionals who are important for social continuity are trained, and new information is needed for the advancement of civilization and science is produced through scientific research. Additionally, academicians who are respected by society study independently. As an educational institution, the university holds a respected place in society and has undertaken the duties of educating qualified professionals for the needs of society, conducting scientific research that promotes the development of society and the advancement of science, enlightening individuals, and serving society. Academicians have overtaken the responsibility of fulfilling the university's educational, scientific research and community service duties. Academicians fulfil educational, scientific research and community service with their academic identity. Academic identity is a multidimensional and comprehensive concept that involves qualities and features that academicians who conduct their studies based on scientific methods should have. We can define academic identity as “internalization of scientific attitudes and behaviours by academicians, making speeches and explanations based on scientific information, being able to question the events and phenomenon, defending science and open-mindedness against dogmatism, and prejudice”. Based on this definition, the dimensions of academic identity include (i) “internalizing scientific attitudes and behaviours”, (ii) “making discourse based on scientific knowledge”, (iii) “questioning events and facts”, (iv) “defending science against dogmatism”, and (v) “defending open-mindedness against prejudice”.

 

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THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL HEADS AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF TEACHERS
Authors: Quines Lyndon A. , Pablo, Jr. Ruben V.
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating effect of general self-efficacy on the relationship between the transformational leadership of school heads and the organizational commitment of teachers. Utilizing quantitative, non-experimental design via correlational technique, data were obtained from 300 elementary public-school teachers who belong to the 3 districts, Magsaysay, Bansalan and Matan-ao under the Division of Davao Del Sur in the province of Davao Del Sur. The researcher utilized a stratified random sampling technique and an online survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilized the statistical tools mean, Pearson r and Medgraph using Sobel z-test. From the results of the study, it was found out that there is a very high level of mean scores for transformational leadership of school heads, a very high level of the mean score for the organizational commitment of teachers and a high level of general self-efficacy for teachers. Also, results revealed that there are significant relationships between the transformational leadership of school heads and the organizational commitment of teachers, between the transformational leadership of school heads and general self-efficacy of teachers, and between general self-efficacy and organizational commitment of teachers. Further, it was revealed that there was a full mediation effect of general self-efficacy on the relationship between the transformation leadership of school heads and the organizational commitment of teachers.
 

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INVESTIGATING THE TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES IN MULTI-GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOLS: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Asimaki Anna , Georgakopoulou Maria , Koustourakis Gerasimos , Lagiou Archontoula
Published: May 2023

This research paper makes use of Basil Bernstein’s theoretical framework to investigate the pedagogical practices of teachers who work in multi-grade Greek primary schools, and the factors that influence the shaping of these particular pedagogical practices of theirs. The research was carried out using the research tool of the semi-structured interview with the participation of 16 teachers. The main findings of this study revealed that teachers in multi-grade primary schools implement mixed pedagogical practices which combine elements from both a visible and an invisible pedagogy. In particular, visible pedagogical practices were implemented during the teaching of subjects that are considered to be the primary subjects, such as Language and Mathematics. What’s more, it was discovered that there was a weakening of the evaluation criteria during the teaching of subjects considered to be secondary, such as History. Finally, the operational teaching conditions in the primary schools as well as administrative factors appeared to influence the shaping of the pedagogical practices that the teachers implemented.
 

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