bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diplomatic Ramifications of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, 1939-1941
Authors: Manson Janet
Published: May 2024

In its decision of 7 December 1941 to adopt a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare--the destruction of all vessels entering a designated war zone--the United States not only dramatically reversed its previous foreign policy position of defending freedom of the seas but in doing so adopted a policy that had been one of the chief provocations for U.S. entry into World War I against Germany. Janet M. Manson contends that this decision also proved to be a watershed in U.S. foreign policy because it provided the precedent and rationale for using advanced weapons technology against noncombatants. Incorporating previously unavailable historical materials that have only recently been released through U.S. archives and compiling much information available only in archives and libraries in West Germany, this groundbreaking study provides multinational perspectives based on multiarchival research.

Manson carefully considers the complex historical, political, economic, legal, and military rationale for the decision. Detailed examinations of the discourse on submarine warfare among various governmental departments and sub-departments provide not only a more accurate account of the decisionmaking process involved in these events but also reveal the crucial influence of World War I precedent on World War II practice: The U.S. relied heavily on German submarine practice in both world wars in reaching its decision to implement unrestricted submarine warfare. Manson argues that although U.S. and German systems of government and foreign policy objectives were completely different, a similar rationale prompted their adoption of unrestricted submarine warfare. Seven chapters range chronologically from Germany's use of unrestricted submarine warfare during World War I to the American decision to adopt that policy in 1941. The final chapter identifies the implications and consequences of the decisions. This is the only scholarly work to provide detailed examinations of the decisions and the decisionmaking process from German and American perspectives. It will be standard resource for scholars and other readers investigating naval history, diplomacy, warfare, and World War II history.
Directory of American Disc Record Brands and Manufacturers, 1891-1943
Authors: Sutton Allan
Published: May 2024

The Directoryprovides an indepth examination of the growth of the American disc record industry from the introduction of Berliner's disc Gramophone through the Petrillo recording ban. It examines the histories of more than 330 labels and their manufacturers, chronicalling the growth of the disc record from a crude toy in the 1890s to a multi-million dollar industry in the early 1940s. In this process, the Directory shows how power eventually came to rest in the hands of several major manufacturers.

Taken largely from original source material,The Directoryreveals master sources, master leasing policies, as well as examples of outright piracy. By tracing technological developments, corporate relationships, and the effects of changing musical tastes on the early record industry, Sutton provides an invaluable reference tool for all libraries and researchers concerned with recordings and the record industry.
Doctrine Under Trial
Authors: Grotelueschen Mark E.
Published: May 2024

Artillery proved to be the greatest killer on the Western front in World War I, and the use and misuse of artillery was certainly a determining factor in the war^D's outcome. While many books explore the artillery forces and employment of the European powers, this is the first study to examine artillery employment in the American Expeditionary Force. Grotelueschen follows one AEF division through its entire World War I experience, from preliminary training to each of its battles in France. This approach allows for great investigative depth and an opportunity to explore the implementation of doctrinal changes throughout the war.

While accounts of the AEF written in the immediate aftermath of the war praised it as a great fighting machine, most scholars have concluded that the AEF was a flawed combat force. This study demonstrates that despite significant flaws and weaknesses, especially in artillery doctrine and employment, at least some AEF divisions did attain effective fighting ability. American divisions were most successful when carrying out limited, set-piece attacks, efforts that ran counter to approved US Army and AEF doctrine at the time. Historians will find this unique approach to the study of division level strengths and weaknesses to be useful in making more accurate and complete comparisons among the great armies of the Western Front.
Finding the Best Business School for You
Authors: Dennis Everette E. , Smith Sharon P.
Published: May 2024

Ultimately, finding the best and most appropriate business school requires more than following trends and assessing rankings. Dennis and Smith offer an approach that is designed to help prospective MBA students cast their nets widely, thinking more expansively, creatively, and strategically, with both short- and long-term implications in mind. Discussing the pros and cons of a formal business education (in the context of evolving attitudes toward management and the role of the MBA in developing successful leaders), the authors help readers identify their underlying motivations for pursuing an MBA, learn how to read between the lines of the popular rankings, and utilize the concept of return on investment (ROI) to evaluate programs on the basis of their contribution to long-term professional and personal goals. At a time when one-fourth of all master's degrees conferred are in business,Finding the Best Business School for Youoffers practical insights for making wise decisions and getting the most out of the MBA experience.

The truth is that, in response to changes in the global business environment, many schools are redesigning their curricula, forging closer ties with businesses, and giving students more freedom to customize their degrees. Some of the most innovative programs are being designed at public universities and other institutions out of the spotlight.
The First Global War
Authors: Nester William
Published: May 2024

By 1756 the wilderness war for control of North America that erupted two years earlier between France and England had expanded into a global struggle among all of Europe's Great Powers. Its land and sea battles raged across the North American continent, engulfed Europe and India, and stretched from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean, Indian, and Pacific waters. The new conflict, now commonly known as the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763, was a direct continuation of the last French and Indian War. This study explores the North American campaigns in relation to events elsewhere in the world, from the ministries of Whitehall and Versailles to the land and sea battles in Europe, Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean.

Few wars have had a more decisive effect on international relations and national development. The French and Indian War resulted in France's expulsion from almost all of the Western Hemisphere, except for some tiny islands in the Caribbean and St. Lawrence. Britain emerged as the world's dominant sea power and would remain so for two centuries. Finally, within a generation or two the vast debts incurred by Whitehall and Versailles in waging this war would help to stimulate revolutions in America and France that would forever change world history.
Four French Symbolists
Authors: Clement Russell T.
Published: May 2024

The first comprehensive, scholarly sourcebook/research guide/bibliography on the major French Symbolists painters, this work includes nearly 3,000 entries covering a variety of materials. Each artist receives a primary and secondary bibliography with many annotated entries. Art works, personal names, and subject indexes facilitate easy access. The volume is designed for art historians, art students, museum and gallery curators, and others interested in this major art style of the last half of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century. Art museums and art libraries in both the United States and abroad were gleaned for sources. This is a unique and substantial research tool.

Symbolism is one of the most difficult art movements to define. Its primary meaning is the representation of things by symbols, by the imaginative suggestion of dreams and the subconscious through symbolic allusion and luxuriant decoration. The writings of Charles Baudelaire on the arts powerfully influenced the aesthetic theories of Symbolist artists and critics from 1860-1900, much as Baudelaire's poetics were the root of Symbolist literature. The Symbolist work, be it painting or poem, is above all personal and revelatory, precious not commonplace, reflecting and evoking a journey of the imagination. French Symbolist artists explored this style, attitude, and atmosphere from the 1880s to the early twentieth century. This sourcebook organizes biographical, historical, and critical information on four major French Symbolist artists: Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (1824-98), Gustave Moreau (1826-98), Odilon Redon (1840-1916), and Maurice Denis (1870-1943). The first three artists are recognized as originators of the movement. Denis is regarded as Symbolist's foremost theorist and profoundly religious practitioner. Although all four artists have been the focus of major retrospective exhibitions since 1990, no comprehensive sourcebook/bibliography exists.
Franchise Law Firms and the Transformation of Personal Legal Services
Authors: Van Hoy Jerry
Published: May 2024

As lawyers, legal scholars, and academics throughout the social sciences debate the future of legal work and the legal profession itself, they turn their attention inevitably to the rise of the franchise law firms. Founded in response to the changing market for legal services, franchise law firms have grown dramatically in recent years, but at what cost to clients and lawyers alike? This book focuses on how professional organizations (and the related work experience) are influenced by economics and the way various firms have excelled by mass producing a basic menu of services—by placing their offices at strategic locations, hiring inexperienced new law school graduates, and using television and other hard-sell means to attract clients. Van Hoy's impeccable sociological research, presented in a clear, readable, anecdotal style, will be fascinating and useful reading, not only for members of the legal profession and their academic colleagues, but also for aspiring lawyers and their future clients.

Van Hoy shows that franchise law firms are a competitive innovation in the market for personal legal services—an innovation that has served to standardize lawyers' work and to dehumanize lawyers themselves. Precisely because the work of attorneys can be standardized and mass produced, a finding that may astonish some and dismay others, attorneys may be even more alienated from their chosen profession than their clients suspect. Van Hoy analyzes these matters and captures the broader context in which prepackaged firms operate; indeed, he compares franchised attorneys to lawyers in different types of firms who are also competing for the same business. Van Hoy is convinced that many attorneys are not only alienated but are ripe for unionization. He shows that collegiality no longer insulates attorneys from the pressures and dissatisfactions of the outside world, a research finding that in itself may seriously challenge prevailing viewpoints and shake confidence in the belief that legal work is not just a profession, but also a calling.
Ghost Empire
Authors: Marchand Philip
Published: May 2024

After he explored the Great Lakes and the entire Mississippi, Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, was murdered by his own men when he led them on a disastrous mission to Texas. But the vast land he claimed for France in 1682 could have become—had it not been for a few twists of history—a French-speaking empire extending more than a thousand miles beyond Quebec. This alternative North America would have been Catholic in religion and granted Native peoples a prominent role.

Philip Marchand probes the intriguingly flawed character of La Salle and recounts the astonishing history of the Jesuit missionaries, coureurs de bois, fur traders, and soldiers who followed on his heels, and of the Indian nations with whom they came into contact. He also reports on the ways in which the drama of this ghost empire continues to be played out in battle reenactments and in parish churches and wayside restaurants from Montreal to Venice, Louisiana. Throughout the book, Marchand draws on memories of his own Catholic childhood in Massachusetts to interpret the lingering attitudes, fears, hopes, and iconography of a people who, more deeply than most, feel the burdens and the ironies of history.
God's Democracy
Authors: Gentile Emilio
Published: May 2024

InGod's Democracy, Emilio Gentile argues that the presidency of George W. Bush sought to alter the way religion functions in American political life. Prior to the events of 9/11, the national government operated under a civil religious regime that placed a sacred umbrella over the entire country and its leading political figures. American civil religion was not only an inclusive faith, but one that provided ample room for citizens with different politics and different world views. But in the wake of 9/11, President Bush used religion to differentiate Americans on partisan lines. Relying heavily on his evangelical Christian base, he attempted to substitute for the inclusivism of the traditional American civil religion an exclusivist political religion in which Democrats were portrayed as hostile to religious values and incapable of dealing with the country's foreign enemies. This book provides the historical context for this attempted transformation, and shows in a detailed way how the Bush administration pursued it. Gentile concludes by posing the question of whether this radical shift in the way Americans understand themselves religiously will prove permanent.

Unlike other works that strive to show how religion has generally come to be treated in American politics, this new book looks more squarely at the Bush Administration and its attempt to shut out Democrats from the political process by invoking religious language and ideals. He goes on to consider the political exclusivism and whether or not it will persist beyond Bush's tenure.
Hip Hop Culture
Authors: Price   III Emmett G.
Published: May 2024

This work is a revealing chronicle of Hip Hop culture from its beginnings three decades ago to the present, with an analysis of its influence on people and popular culture in the United States and around the world.

From Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five's "The Message," to Jay-Z, Diddy, and 50 Cent,Hip Hop Cultureis the first comprehensive reference work to focus on one of the most influential cultural phenomena of our time. Scholarly and streetwise, backed by statistics, documents, and research, it recounts three decades of Hip Hop's evolution, highlighting its defining events, recordings, personalities, movements, and ideas, as well as society's response.

How did an inner-city subculture, all but dismissed in the early 1980s, become the ruler of the world's airwaves and iPods? Who are the players who moved Hip Hop from the record bins to the pinnacles of entertainment, business, and fashion? Who are the founders, innovators, legends, and major players? Authoritative and authentic,Hip Hop Cultureprovides a wealth of information and insights for students, educators, and anyone interested in the ways pop culture reflects and shapes our lives.
Improved Test Scores, Attitudes, and Behaviors in America's Schools
Authors: Dunn Rita , DeBello Thomas C.
Published: May 2024

Education is a profession in which billions of federal dollars have been spent to reduce academic underachievement—particularly for minority children from poverty homes. Few funded programs have reduced failure on standardized achievement tests. Despite either repetition or innovation, most children who fail do not perform substantially better the next time around. On the other hand, practitioners who have used the Dunn and Dunn learning-styles approaches have reported statistically higher standardized achievement test scores among average, poorly achieving, and special education students.

This book is based on the practical, diverse experiences of more than thirty different supervisors throughout the United States. Representing a variety of urban and suburban locations with diverse student populations, each supervisor was able to obtain significantly higher standardized achievement test scores for his or her student populations.
The Jet Race and the Second World War
Authors: Pavelec S. Mike
Published: May 2024

In the 1930s, as nations braced for war, the German military build up caught Britain and the United States off-guard, particularly in aviation technology. The unending quest for speed resulted in the need for radical alternatives to piston engines. In Germany, Dr. Hans von Ohain was the first to complete a flight-worthy turbojet engine for aircraft. It was installed in a Heinkel-designed aircraft, and the Germans began the jet age on August 27, 1939. The Germans led the jet race throughout the war and were the first to produce jet aircraft for combat operations. In England, the doggedly determined Frank Whittle also developed a turbojet engine, but without the support enjoyed by his German counterpart. The British came second in the jet race when Whittle's engine powered the Gloster Pioneer on May 15, 1941. The Whittle-Gloster relationship continued and produced the only Allied combat jet aircraft during the war, the Meteor, which was relegated to Home Defense in Britain.

In America, General Electric copied the Whittle designs, and Bell Aircraft contracted to build the first American jet plane. On October 1, 1942, a lackluster performance from the BellAiracomet, ushered in the American jet age. The Yanks forged ahead, and had numerous engine and airframe programs in development by the end of the war. But, the Germans did it right and did it first, while the Allies lagged throughout the war, only rising to technological prominence on the ashes of the German defeat. Pavelec's analysis of the jet race uncovers all the excitement in the high-stakes race to develop effective jet engines for warfare and transport.
John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men
Authors: Heavilin Barbara A.
Published: May 2024

One of the great works of American literature, Steinbeck'sOf Mice and Menis popular with the international reading public and is widely taught at high schools and colleges. Although it is a short work with relatively few characters, it is intricately structured. This book is an introductory guide to the novel. Included are chapters on the book's plot, textual history, social and intellectual contexts, themes and ideas, literary style, and critical reception. The volume concludes with a valuable bibliographical essay.

One of the great works of American literature, John Steinbeck'sOf Mice and Menis popular with the international reading public and is widely taught at high schools and colleges. Like the Joads ofThe Grapes of Wrath, the novel's principal protagonists, George and Lennie, have joined a cavalcade of literary figures that forever inhabit the imaginary landscape of America and the world. The novel has also generated controversy: it was one of the most frequently banned books in the public school curriculum of the 1990s. This guide provides a concise overview of Steinbeck's work.

Though it is a short novel with relatively few characters, it is intricately structured and much more complex than some critics have acknowledged. Steinbeck considered it an experiment, and his use of language is challenging. The book includes chapters on: ; Steinbeck's life and the place of the novel in his canon ; The novel's plot ; The textual background of the work ; The social, cultural, literary, and intellectual contexts surrounding the novel ; Themes and ideas inOf Mice and Men; Steinbeck's literary artistry ; The novel's critical and scholarly reception ; And a bibliographical essay. General readers and students at all levels will find this guide to be a valuable introduction to this major American masterpiece.
Libricide
Authors: Knuth Rebecca
Published: May 2024

Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings, declared German poet Heinrich Heine. This book identifies the regime-sponsored, ideologically driven, and systemic destruction of books and libraries in the 20th century that often served as a prelude or accompaniment to the massive human tragedies that have characterized a most violent century. Using case studies of libricide committed by Nazis, Serbs in Bosnia, Iraqis in Kuwait, Maoists during the Cultural Revolution in China, and Chinese Communists in Tibet, Knuth argues that the destruction of books and libraries by authoritarian regimes was sparked by the same impulses toward negation that provoked acts of genocide or ethnocide.

Readers will learn why some people—even those not subject to authoritarian regimes—consider the destruction of books a positive process. Knuth promotes understanding of the reasons behind extremism and patterns of cultural terrorism, and concludes that what is at stake with libricide is nothing less than the preservation and continuation of the common cultural heritage of the world. Anyone committed to freedom of expression and humanistic values will embrace this passionate and valuable book.
A Military History of Russia
Authors: Stone David
Published: May 2024

This book brings to light Russia's undeservedly-obscure military past, rectifying the tendency of American and Western military historians to neglect the Russian side of things. Russia, as both a Western and non-Western society, challenges our thinking about Western military superiority. Russia has always struggled with backwardness in comparison with more developed powers, at some times more successfully than others. The imperatives of survival in a competitive international environment have, moreover, produced in Russian society a high degree of militarization. While including operational and tactical detail that appeals to military history enthusiasts, this book simultaneously integrates military history into the broader themes of Russian history and draws comparisons to developments in Europe. The book also challenges old assumptions about the Russian military. Russian military history cannot be summed up simply in a single stock phrase, whether perennial incompetence or success only through stolid, stoic defense; it also shows numerous examples of striking offensive successes.

Stone traces Russia's fascinating military history, and its long struggle to master Western military technology without Western social and political institutions. It covers the military dimensions of the emergence of Muscovy, the disastrous reign of Ivan the Terrible, and the subsequent creation of the new Romanov dynasty. It deals with Russia's emergence as a great power under Peter the Great and culminating in the defeat of Napoleon. After that triumph, the book argues, Russia's social and economic stagnation undermined its enormous military power and brought catastrophic defeat in the Crimean War. The book then covers imperial Russia's long struggle to reform its military machine, with mixed results in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. The Russian Revolution created a new Soviet Russia, but this book shows the continuity across that divide. The Soviet Union's interwar innovations and its harrowing experience in World War II owed much to imperial Russian precedents. A superpower after the war, the Soviet Union's military might was purchased at the expense of continuing economic backwardness. Paradoxically, the very militarization intended to provide security instead destroyed the Soviet Union, leaving a new Russia behind the West economically. Just as there was a great deal of continuity after 1917, this book demonstrates how the new Russian military has inherited many of its current problems from its Soviet predecessor. The price that Russia has paid for its continued existence as a great power, therefore, is the overwhelming militarization of its society and economy, a situation it continues to struggle with.
Moving Nearer to Heaven
Authors: Jobes Patrick C.
Published: May 2024

While the dream of moving to a small town in a beautiful rural area is common among many Americans, that dream often turns into a nightmare for those who decide to follow it. More than half of the people who move to small towns in recreational places will move away in less than five years, and their rapid successive moves are often marked by anger and frustration as they encounter the realities of poor job possibilities, an impersonal life, and a deteriorating natural environment. Jobes describes the experiences of newcomers, and oldtimers, to Bozeman, Montana, a small Rocky Mountain town Jobes has observed and researched since the early 1970s. Through interviews and observations, Jobes has found that newcomers arrive with unrealistic illusions about life in a small town and that life in such places is simultaneously complex and dynamic.

According to Jobes, people who make the move to small towns surrounded by a beautiful natural environment tend to experience a short period of euphoria followed by disillusionment and the decision to move away, while those who stay accommodate to the inevitable transformations of the local community and the surrounding natural environment that they and other newcomers have created. Jobes examines the changes that take place in these areas as development and growth cause the natural environment to rapidly develop and as the influx and constant turnover of new residents gradually undermine the personal and familiar foundations for the social community. The demographic and environmental changes, Jobes concludes, impose dynamic adjustments within the community, and the slower patterns of small town life give way to the faster and disjointed styles of the city.
Association of Severity of Coronary Artery Disease With SYNTAX Score and Ankle Brachial Index
Authors: Khawaja Asma Zafar , Khalil Muhammad , Shahzad Syed Khurram , Yousaf Amna , Anwar Maida , Ahmed Iftikhar , Kamran Javeria , Azad Naseem
Published: May 2024

Objective: To compare the Ankle Brachial Index and SYNTAX score in predicting Coronary Artery Disease severity and the variation of ABI with respect to SYNTAX score.
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi; from Jan-Jun 2023.
Methodology: Total 216 coronary angiographically confirmed cases of Coronary Artery Disease were consecutively enrolled in study and data was gathered prospectively on a pre-designed proforma containing patients’ demographic details, risk factors and study’s focal variables such as; Ankle Brachial Index, SYNTAX Score, coronary artery disease severity. Association of categorized data was found by Chi-square test and Fischer Exact test. Correlation analysis was done to find the relationship between Ankle Brachial Index and SYNTAX score with p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: Out of 216 study participants, males were 180(83.3%) and females were 36(16.7%) having mean age 59.97±10.72 years. Majority of the patients had low SYNTAX score, 96(44.4%) and 95(43.9%) patients ranged in 0.91-1.0 ABI. A statistically significant and negative correlation between ABI and SYNTAX score (r=-0.879; p<0.001) and significant association of ABI and SYNTAX score with CAD severity (p<0.001) was found.
Conclusion: Although Ankle Brachial Index is an indicator of Peripheral Arterial Disease but it can also be used as an independent predictor and non-invasive and time saving indicator of complexity of Coronary Artery Disease prior to coronary angiography.
Uric Acid/ HDL Ratio as a Marker of Disease in Coronary Artery Ectasia Versus Normal Coronaries
Authors: Anwar Maida , Nadeem Asif , Siddique Muhammad Bilal , Toru Fahad Khan , Khawaja Asma Zafar , Malik Sarwat Paiker , Kamran Javeria , Azad Naseem
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the strength of association of raised uric acid/ High-Density Lipoprotein ratio in patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia versus normal coronaries.
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi, Dec 2022 to May 2023
Methodology: Total n=146 patients aged between 20-90 years of both gender, with chest pain who had CAE or unobstructed coronaries on coronary angiography, and normal heart structure and valvular function were included. Patients were divided into two groups: those with Coronary Artery Ectasia (Group-I) and those without Coronary Artery Ectasia (Group-II). Serum uric acid and High-Density Lipoprotein level were measured for each patient and their ratio was calculated. Qualitative variables were compared across groups using the Chi-square test/Fischer Exact test, while quantitative variables were compared using the independent samples t-test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to predict the odds ratio to show association between predictors and outcome (Coronary Artery Ectasia) and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant
Results: Study sample n=146 had mean age of 52.83 ± 9.67 years, comprised of 113(77.4%) males and 33(22.6%) females. Uric acid to HDL ratio above 0.12 had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 9.3 (CI 95% 3.3–26.0) for having Coronary artery ectasia (p<0.001). Males and age of 60 years or greater were also associated with an increased odds, with (aORs) of .....
Conclusion: Uric acid/HDL ratio is a useful variable in predicting odds of coronary artery ectasia in patients with chest pain.
Assessment of Peri-Procedural Myocardial Injury by High-Sensitivity Troponin-I Levels after Successful Elective Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Toru Fahad Khan , Shabbir Muhammad , Ahmed Iftikhar , Shabbir Aneela , Paiker Sarwat , Arif Zeeshan , Ahmad Zeeshan , Siddiqui Abdul Hameed
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the incidence of Peri-Procedural Myocardial Injury (PMI) after elective, successful Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) as assessed by High Sensitivity troponin-I (HS-Trop-I) levels, and to find out association between PMI and clinical, angiographic and procedural variables.
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2022 to Jun 2023.
Methodology: Total one hundred and thirty-one cases were included using consecutive sampling technique. Patients with stable angina and having at least one positive stress test, baseline pre-PCI cardiac troponin level below the 99th percentile upper reference limit (normal baseline troponin), and a target lesion with a stenosis of >70% on qualitative angiography were included in study. Patients were divided into two groups; (Group-I=HS-Trop-I>40ng/L and Group-II=HS-Trop-I≤40 ng/L). Independent samples t-test and Pearson’s Chi-square test were applied to compare the study variables among study groups and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: PMI was reported in 60(45.8%) out of 131 patients. Hypertension and previous myocardial infarction demonstrated slightly higher prevalence in group-I but there was insignificant difference in frequencies of demographics and comorbid in study groups (p>0.05). Total stent length and max balloon time, were significantly higher in the group-I (50.73±25.19mm vs 31.13±17.83mm; 26.80±7.51sec vs 22.42±5.94sec respectively) (p<0.001). There was also statistically significant difference in frequency of AHA classification, number of diseased vessels and multi-vessel PCI in study groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: PMI is a common complication of elective PCI, especially when patients present with high-risk......
Anatomical Characteristics of Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Choice of Transcatheter Occluder Devices
Authors: Rafique Saima , Imtiaz Sana , Akhtar Khurram , Mehmood Amjad , Ara Andaleeb , Wahab Abdul , Sadiq Abubakar , Kamran Javeria
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the anatomical characteristics of Patent Ductus Arteriosus, choice of transcatheter occluder device and outcomes of Patent Ductus Arteriosus device closure.
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Paediatric Cardiology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan-July 2023.
Methodology: A total of n=90 patients regardless of age and gender presenting with Patent Ductus Arteriosus, who underwent device closure were enrolled in this study by universal sampling. Data of the patients was collected on pre-designed proforma. Pearson's Chi-square test was applied to find association of morphological type of ductus and the weight of patient with the type of device used. p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Among n=90 patients, 56(62.2%) were females and 34(37.8%) were males with median age of 1(IQR=0.6-4.25) years who underwent transcatheter device closure. The most common ductus types treated were Krichenko type-A 70(76.7%). Devices used were VSD device 15(16.7%), ADO-II 6(6.7%) and ADO-I device (conventional duct occluder) 69(76.7%). Median fluoroscopy time was 8.40(7.2-12.07) minutes. Statistically significant relationships were observed between Krichenko classification of Patent Ductus Arteriosus, weight of patient and type of device used to occlude the Patent Ductus Arteriosus (p<0.001). Success rate was 88(97.7%). Complications occurred in only 2(2.2%) patients in the form of device embolization. In 1(1.1%) patient, embolized device was retrieved while, the other patient was referred for surgical retrieval.
Conclusion: Transcatheter Patent Ductus Arteriosus device closure is a standard and safe procedure for closure of ductus with vari..
The Evaluation of Inclusive Education Programs in Two Primary Schools in Sidoarjo
Authors: Liswandari Ajeng Linda , Hariyati Nunuk , Khamidi Amrozi
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the implementation of inclusive schools in Sidoarjo Regency. The schools are SD Negeri Sidokerto and SD Muhammadiyah 2 Tulangan. This research describes the system, human resources and learning outcomes of students with disabilities through the CIPP or Context, Input, Process, and Product evaluation model. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used to obtain data on implementing inclusive schools. The research was aimed at the 5th-grade elementary school level and was supported by interaction with GPK students with disabilities or shadow teachers, class teachers, and school principals. Interaction is carried out by observing classes and supporting activities at school, as well as in-depth interviews and documentation to support the data. Data analysis in this research uses the theory of Miles and Huberman to clarify the results of interactions at the 5th-grade level in each school. Thus, the study results show a comprehensive path by knowing that students with disabilities at the two schools can compete and have adequate competencies in academic and non-academic fields and that the schools are worthy of providing inclusion. However, this inclusive school management program requires special supervision that explicitly integrates developments and natural conditions in meeting school needs.
El diálogo en los primeros cien días de Cristiani
Authors: Ellacuría Ignacio
Published: May 2024

Valoración de lo que se ha logrado en el diálogo-negociación y de lo que se puede esperar en este punto nodal del proceso salvadoreño, desde el discurso inicial del presidente Cristiani hasta la firma conjunta del primer acuerdo. En estas páginas se analizan las propuestas presentadas por el gobierno y el FMLN en este período y las reacciones que han suscitado. Asimismo se sopesan cuidadosamente las posibilidades del proceso de diálogo-negociación relanzado por el presidente Cristiani en sus primeros cien días de gobierno.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 44, No. 490-491, 1989: 683-693.
El diálogo entre el FMLN y el gobierno ; El plan de rescate social del gobierno ; Acuerdos y documentos de Tela ; Derechos humanos
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: May 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 44, No. 490-491, 1989: 757-774.
A Case Study of American Red Cross Mental and Psychosocial Health in South Asia from 2000-2010
Authors: Prewitt Diaz Joseph O.
Published: May 2024

This article examines the community-based mental and psychosocial health interventions implemented by the American Red Cross (ARC) in response to weather-related disasters in South Asia from 2000 to 2010. Drawing on case studies from India, Indonesia, Maldives, and Sri Lanka, it explores the ARC’s approaches to community mobilization, assessment of mental and psychosocial needs, training of community volunteers, implementation of community and school programs, and monitoring of interventions. The lessons learned included in text are the result of the work performed post-tsunami in India, Indonesia, Maldives and Sri Lanka. The analysis highlights the importance of community engagement and capacity-building in post-disaster mental health support and underscores the need for sustained efforts to address the long-term psychosocial impacts of climate events.
Apicultura y Economía Circular como ventaja competitiva en los municipios de Nuevo Ideal y Canatlán en el Estado de Durango, México
Authors: Lechuga-Nevárez Mayela del Rayo
Published: May 2024

La apicultura y la economía circular propician que la actividad apícola sea sostenible, al extraer, producir, consumir, reutilizar y reciclar los diferentes productos y subproductos de esta actividad agrícola que persigue alinearse a las necesidades de la comunidad donde se desarrolla. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la apicultura y la economía circular como ventaja competitiva en los municipios de Nuevo Ideal y Canatlán en el estado de Durango, desde el punto de vista sustentable de la sociedad apícola. Es un estudio de campo con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo, explicativo y correlacional con un alcance transversal. Se usó la encuesta como técnica y el cuestionario como instrumento para la recopilación de la información. Se encuestaron a los 28 apicultores registrados en las cabeceras ejidales de los municipios antes mencionados. Los resultados muestran que la actividad apícola desarrollada en estos municipios a través de la circularidad económica es sostenible y responsable, donde los conocimientos de apicultura y economía circular en la práctica apícola son fundamentales para hacerla competitiva, donde la economía circular alinea los resultados económicos y ambientales en la práctica apícola, destacando que esta actividad económica mantiene el equilibrio ambiental al ser un regulador del medio ambiente.
Protection of intellectual rights in the international context: problems and prospects
Authors: Tatarinova Lola , Yessen Zhansaya
Published: May 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of intellectual property rights protection in an international context and the study of the prospects for the development of this field. The article examines the main problems faced by copyright holders in international relations, as well as suggests ways to solve them. The author also reviewed existing international agreements such as WIPO and TRIPS, identifying their positive aspects, but also pointing out the problems that arise in their application. As a result of the study, ways to improve international intellectual property rights protection were proposed, including closer cooperation between countries, the development of a single international standard and the improvement of dispute resolution mechanisms.
Особенности применения механизма госудаственно-частного партнерства в развитии отрасли гражданской авиации
Authors: Гасымов Мурад
Published: May 2024

В статье на основе критической оценки зарубежного и отечественного опыта обобщены механизмы государственно-частного партнерства и инвестирования в систему стратегического регулирования развития авиационного транспорта. Американская и европейская практика государственно-частного партнерства оформляется в виде лицензионного договора, что обеспечивает более быструю коммерциализацию инноваций и более эффективное использование бюджетных средств; внутренняя модель – институциональная, основанная на реализации государственных программ, деформированная из-за недостатка финансовых ресурсов, императивности отношений и отсутствия реального диалога между государственными и частными структурами. Доказано, что применение лицензионно-контрактной модели имеет значительные перспективы для Азербайджана.
Направления развития экономической структуры Восточного Зангезура
Authors: Алиев Шафа
Published: May 2024

В статье исследованы основные направления развития вновь созданного Восточно-Зангезурского экономического района Азербайджана. Для этого раскрыты геогеографические, геоэкономические и геополитические преимущества экономического региона. Обобщён ресурсный потенциал региона и рассмотрены процессы возвращения бывших переселенцев населения на родные земли. Проанализированы процессы социально-экономического развития административных районов, входящих в состав Восточно-Зангезурский экономический район. Подготовлен ряд рекомендаций и предложений по рассматриваемым проблемам.
Nature of common words in Kazakh and Turkish languages
Authors: Bismildina Dinara , Myrzabekova Maya , Nurzhanova Asiya
Published: May 2024

In this article, the history of the formation and development of the languages of peoples of Turkic descent develops in close connection with the history of the people who speak that language, and about the work «Diwani Lugat-at-Turk», which is a dictionary and encyclopedic heritage of the scholar M. Kashkari, who was the first to study Turkic languages, compiled from the common words of Turkic peoples. , as well as an overview of the studies of Turkic-scientists comparing and grouping Turkic languages and determining their genetic connection. In addition, this article describes the common linguistic elements in the vocabulary of the Kazakh language, which belongs to the Kypchak-Nogai group of the Kypchak group, and the Turkish language, which belongs to the Oguz-Seljuk group of the Oguz group; similar words in the Kazakh and Turkish languages are grouped by word class and meaning, and their sound differences are proved by examples; It is said about words introduced into the Kazakh-Turkish languages from the Arabic-Persian languages.
The Russian Empire on the eve of the world economic crisis of 1900-1903
Authors: Mustafayev Ilkin Zulfugar
Published: May 2024

The article offers a fascinating look at one of the most difficult periods in Russian history: the economic crisis of the early 20th century. Analyzing the events of 1900-1903, the authors reveal the complex factors underlying this crisis: from falling commodity prices to military conflicts and internal social upheavals. By revealing the impact of the lives of ordinary citizens and the luxurious lifestyles of the elite, the article offers a unique perspective on the contradictions that grew in the country and subsequently led to significant social and political changes. But that was not enough; the article also analyzes the events that prolonged the crisis until 1909, including the Russo-Japanese War and the revolution of 1905-1907, and highlights their impact on economic instability. Special attention is paid to the economic situation of Azerbaijan in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century and its role in the context of the general economic crisis is explored.
Підвищення ефективності системи керування електропривода головного руху копіювально-фрезерного верстата
Authors: Білюк Іван , Гуров Анатолій , Савченко Олег , Майборода Олександр , Ольшевський Сергій , Чубчик Михайло
Published: May 2024

В роботі розглянуто спосіб модернізації системи керування привода головного руху копіювально-фрезерного горизонтального верстата.
Спосіб модернізації круглошліфувального універсального напівавтомата
Authors: Білюк Іван , Савченко Олег , Майборода Олександр , Ярохін Олександр , Войцеховський Олександр , Дьяченко Владислав
Published: May 2024

В роботі розглянуто спосіб модернізації системи керування привода головного руху круглошліфувального універсального напівавтомата.
Розробка лабораторного стенду для дослідження асинхронних електроприводів
Authors: Білюк Іван , Шарейко Дмитро , Савченко Олег , Гаврилов Сергій , Майборода Олександр , Стеба Данііл
Published: May 2024

В даної роботі розроблено лабораторний комплекс систем керування електроприводом змінного струму на основі сучасної елементної бази з використанням технології віртуальних приладів. Вибрано та обґрунтовано доцільність вибору кожного із елементів, що входять до складу комплексу. Описано принцип роботи та подані детальні технічні характеристики всіх елементів. Створено структурну схему лабораторного комплексу, яка складається з двох основних частин: електромеханічної та інструментальної.
AI in education: main possibilities and challenges
Authors: Sytnyk Larysa , Podlinyayeva Oksana
Published: May 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education presents a multitude of possibilities and challenges that educators and stakeholders must navigate. This article provides an overview of the primary opportunities and obstacles associated with AI adoption in educational settings. It examines the potential for AI to personalize learning experiences, optimize administrative tasks, and provide data-driven insights. Additionally, the article explores ethical considerations, equity issues, and technical limitations that accompany the use of AI in education. By addressing these key aspects, educators can harness the full potential of AI while mitigating risks and ensuring equitable access to AI-driven educational resources.
Study of electrical activity of subcortical structures of the brain after destruction of the dorsal amygdalofugal pathway
Authors: Baghirova Rafiga
Published: May 2024

In order to elucidate the causes of irreversible changes in the activity of the hippocampus after the destruction of the dorsal amygdalofugal pathway, limbic brain structures (amygdala, hypothalamus, reticular formation) were recorded before and after electrical stimulation and destruction of the dorsal amygdalofugal pathway. The data obtained indicate that a necessary condition in the mechanisms of regulation of the excitability of neurons in various nuclei of the hypothalamus, amygdala and reticular formation is a functional integrity of dorsal amygdalofuqal pathway.