bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison analysis of accuracy and precision on GNSS K706 Oem Board and GPS Topcon HiperPro
Authors: Cahyadi M N , Handoko E Y , Fatikunada
Published: December 2019

GNSS technology has been widely used in the field of surveys and mapping. According to Abidin this is because GNSS can be used regardless of time, is not affected by the topography of the survey area, and provides accuracy with a wide spectrum. GNSS technology also has several disadvantages, one of which is price. The tool used to implement GNSS technology has a high price, for example is the geodetic type which has prices ranging from hundreds of millions of rupiah. The last few years have found low-cost GNSS. which has a cheaper price. To find out the quality of low-cost GNSS a test was carried out. In this study a low-cost GN70 Oem Board was tested.

This study focuses on testing accuracy and precision. The method used for testing is RTK, and Static for data as a reference. RTK data acquisition uses the NTRIP method with CORS Surabaya as the base. There are 3 test locations in this study. The first is in BM01ITS or “bits”. Both the ITS Stadium or “bstd”, and third Sakura Park or “bskr”.

Horizontal and vertical deviation standards on the K706 OEM board has better quality than Topcon HiperPro. This is evidenced by the standard deviation of the K706 superior in 4 research points, while HiperPro only excels at two research points. Horizontal RMSE both devices have the same quality. This is evidenced by the RMSE of the K706 superior in 3 research points, and HiperPro excels in 3 research points. For vertical RMSE, the K706 is better than HiperPro. This is evidenced by the standard deviation of the K706 superior in 5 research points, while HiperPro only excels at one research point.
The ground deformation of the Luk Barat Bridge after Lombok earthquakes 2018
Authors: Agustawijaya D S , Sulistyowati T , Layli B A , Agustawijaya A R
Published: December 2019

The Luk Barat Bridge has an important role in transportation infrastructures in the North Lombok District, connecting cities in Lombok Island. Unfortunately, the bridge is located where the most vulnerable area in Lombok Island, as earthquakes occurred in 2018 have ruined almost one third of the island and destroyed thousands of buildings. The bridge has been deformed after the earthquakes. Geodetic measurement showed that the bridge has displaced in total of 0.36 m measured from the datum point of BM2 near located closed to the bridge area. Numerical modeling also indicated a similar value of displacements.
Assembling fixed wing UAV for the low-cost aerial mapping
Authors: Tobing F M , Yuwono  , Handoko E Y , Cahyadi M N
Published: December 2019

The development for the improvement of technology of spatial information may be challenged in the future the spatial information is photogrammetry technique using Unmanned Area Vehicles (UAV). In this paper, the aim is to assembly the low-cost UAV particularly named “fixed-wing.” The photos derived by UAV were processed by photogrammetry technique to obtain the aerial photography map. The experiment was in Kandangan village, Duduk Sampeyan district, East Java Province. The map layout should be accorded with The BIG rules number 15/2014.
Crustal Deformation Studies in the Northern Part of East Java Derived from GPS CORS Data between 2015 and 2018
Authors: Rwabudandi Irene , Anjasmara Ira Mutiara , Susilo
Published: December 2019

The tectonic setting of Indonesia is very complex due to its location on the boundaries of several major tectonic plates. The complexity of the tectonics also makes Indonesia prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Crustal deformation caused by the tectonics activities can be monitored using geodetic techniques such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). In this research, we analyze the crustal deformation in the northern part of East Java using ten GPS Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) data provided by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency from 2015 to 2018. The results showed the horizontal movement toward the southeast for all the stations. The horizontal velocity rates are range between 2.62 cm/yr observed at CPAS site, and 3.173cm/yr observed at CNGA station. For the vertical displacements, all the sites are subject to subsidence with the rates range from - 0.021cm/yr to -0.4 cm/yr that we suspect related to the geological settings of the study area. However, we found that the vertical annual time series of CMJT stations in 2015 are not consistent; this is because the antenna type was changed on the day of year (doy) 286 in 2015. On the other hand, the strain analyzes in the study area showed considerable compressional strain in the segment formed by three stations, namely CTBN, CSMP and CSBY which are located near to the Kendeng active fault.
Assessing the Energy Efficiency and Environmental impact of an Egyptian Hospital Building
Authors: William M , El-Haridi A , Hanafy A , El-Sayed A
Published: December 2019

Energy consumption in Egypt’s buildings has increased considerably with the growing need to achieve thermal comfort conditions inside buildings. The continuing increases in both residential and commercial buildings require an increase in power generation meeting the new demand. Energy consumption in buildings increases yearly due to the increase in HVAC systems operating hours. It is desirable to minimize the energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy resources, saving the earth from global warming effects and the depletion of the ozone layer. In hot and humid climatic regions, high temperatures with high humidity levels results in humans’ discomfort leading to high HVAC energy consumption. In order to understand the energy performance in Egyptian hospitals as they have special requirements and massive energy consumption of HVAC equipment, medical equipment, lighting and infection control systems a hospital located in Alexandria, Egypt was chosen as a case study. The study aims to investigate the energy consumption in Egyptian hospitals and to evaluate the energy-saving efficiency of an existing building. A model for under construction hospital was created using DesignBuilder simulation tool. The initial model was validated based on the hospital construction and mechanical consultants’ data. The initial model was then retrofitted firstly to the latest outdoor design conditions and weather file data recommended by ASHRAE and NREL. Energy efficient techniques affecting annual HVAC energy consumption and whole building energy were investigated. The study provides information for energy efficiency improvements in Alexandria, Egypt hospitals helping designers managing energy in buildings reducing the energy consumption sufficiently. A new DOAS was implemented for temperature and humidity independent control of HVAC system showing significant energy saving in both HVAC and whole building energy consumption. This research recommends a new energy models for future hospitals in Alexandria, Egypt improving the energy efficiency in Egyptian buildings.
The Bio-adaptive algae contribution for sustainable architecture
Authors: Elmeligy D , Elhassan Z
Published: December 2019

By studying nature, engineers, architects & designers can gain inspiration for designs that have never existed before; therefore applying bio mimicry can affect our buildings. For every problem that we currently face – whether it is generating energy, finding clean water, designing out waste, adapting with surrounded climate or manufacturing benign materials - we can use the different applications of biomimicry to achieve sustainable futuristic design approaches. The focus of this paper is on the use of algae as a promising bio sustainable way to achieve sustainable architecture. According to its high ecological performance, algae provides multi solutions towards improving the environment and opens a new perspective in sustainable design through its combination of carbon neutral energy production and recycling of environmental pollutants. By clarifying the challenges and future technology development for introducing algae as living elements into the built environment to make an appearance in many building plans that attempt to achieve visionary design and face technical challenges that need to be resolved to enable wider adoption. Therefore, this research aims to demonstrate how to use biomimicry to enhance sustainable solutions in building design and gives a glance of the algae possibilities for achieving sustainability.
Quantifying the effectiveness of mass proportions and the orientation for buildings on thermal performance in Tebessa, Algeria
Authors: Soufiane F. , Atef A. , Mohamed M. , Salaheddine D.
Published: December 2019

Macro-Climate and Micro-Climate conditions have a great influence on energy consumption and thermal performance on both urban and architectural design scales. Integrating the passive strategies and measures are considered the best ways of dealing with different climatic conditions.

The geometric shape and orientation of the buildings lie at the core of the passive strategies that significantly affect the thermal performance and energy consumption of buildings. From that end, the research aims to evaluate the thermal performance of different geometric shapes and orientations of residential buildings. The research adopts the analytical approach through the simulation of different possible scenarios using of building shapes and orientation using comprehensive environmental software “Autodesk ECOTECT”. It aims to achieve the best possible configuration that exhibit best thermal performance for use in residential buildings in the region of Tebessa (Algeria).

The results indicate significant thermal effects due to proportions of building’s shape and its orientation. Therefore, this research recommends applying passive solar design strategies, particularly with respect to the geometric shape and orientation recommendations in the first stage of the design process. The proportions of the building must be determined with a complete understanding of their impact on thermal performance and energy consumption.
Metaheuristic optimization of daylighting and energy performances in office spaces
Authors: Allam Amr S , Bassioni Hesham A , Kamel Waël , Ayoub Mohammed
Published: December 2019

The direction towards sustainable development challenges the designers to explore energy-efficient designs to provide adequate levels of natural daylighting. Indeed, using computational simulations can offer valuable performance predictions; still, exploring all possible combinations of design variables is a tedious and time-consuming task. This type of problems also doesn’t yield straightforward mathematical forms, and using black-box optimizations is more useful. This paper presented reviews, methodological tools and measures to help designers evaluating the potential contribution of simulation-based metaheuristics to optimize the design of façades in such obstructed contexts. The tested metaheuristics algorithms showed promising potential to attain optimum solutions, though the results confirmed that Genetic Algorithm is not sensitive to population size for optimizing façade design problems, as it obtained optimum designs only after conducting several runs of simulations. In contrast, Particle Swarm Optimization exhibited a higher sensitivity towards swarm sizes, where it converged much faster with larger swarm sizes; and a better performance could be achieved when the swarm size was 10 times the number of design variables alongside 0.2 particle’s velocity. This implies that metaheuristics optimization can be used along with simulations as accelerated tools in the early stages of design to rapidly predict building performances in obstructed environments.
HBIM as a Tool for Branding Historical Egyptian Sites by Utilizing Augmented Reality
Authors: Ashraf Fayrouz , Nagy Gehan
Published: December 2019

Over the ages, Egypt has been known for its flourished history with the ability and the power to fascinate mankind. Its great heritage appears in several forms that include monuments, tombs, temples, and documents revealing past events, but until the beginning of the 21st century only a minimum share of the secrets and the mysteries were exposed. Egypt’s monuments are deteriorated and out of the spot and has been left without maintenance and development. Numerous monuments and historical sites are ignored and not even considered as a destination for tourists because of the absence of virtuous marketing and propaganda. The planning and management of cultural heritage buildings through digital 3D models has become a necessity to protect and conserve the existing history. Building Information Modelling BIM is considered a main tool adopted by the Architecture, Engineering and Construction AEC sector for its qualities and capabilities. Due to the complexity of cultural heritage buildings the concept of Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) which concerns the modelling, documentation, and virtualizing the heritage. This research will focus on the use of HBIM technology by implementing augmented reality mobile application to upgrade the quality of branding of historical sites in Egypt. The AR will augment Al-Baron Palace, which is the chosen case study. The methodology adopted is literature review, comparative analysis on international case studies of sites that applied augmented reality, and an experiment followed by a questionnaire answered by users to evaluate the usage of such mobile application. The research will conclude with a framework that will provide guidelines for applying augmented reality technology system in order to enhance and promote Egypt’s heritage.
Contrasting daylight simulation, measurements, and occupant’s perception in a LEED Office building in Arid Climate
Authors: Elrawy Omar O. , Eltaweel Ahmad , Mansour Osama E.
Published: December 2019

Daylight is vital to building occupants as it impacts health and productivity of humans in the indoor environment. No doubt that green building rating systems contribute to the awareness of the significance of daylight in buildings, they enhances the indoor environmental quality by awarding credits to daylight harvesting in buildings. LEED as one of the predominant green building rating systems sets specific daylight criterion, and offers more than one option for project teams to assess and comply with the set criterion; either using manual calculations, using computer simulation (during design), or by daylight measurement (by substantial construction). This article presents a case study of a LEED Gold building in Cairo, Egypt. Within this specific case, three daylight assessment approaches were implemented; Daylight simulation (on design drawings), daylight measurement (after substantial construction), and Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) (after 9 months of building occupancy). This paper contrasted the results of the assessment methods, this contrast in daylight assessment methods revealed the significance as well as drawbacks of each assessment method compared to the other, and distilled valuable insights about the reliability of each of the available assessment methods.
The Utilization of Environmental Simulation Tools in Architectural Design Education
Authors: Samir H , Sammakieh J K , Abed R M
Published: December 2019

In architecture pedagogy, the architectural design process is a creative one. It relies on the ingenuity of the student to use all key issues of a building problem and interpret them as spatial elements, which are incorporated within the building design. The emphasis on the environmental design of buildings is a significant step due to the increasing awareness of the use of passive systems and strategies. Thus, students face increased pressure to design buildings with solutions toward environment. This paper presents a descriptive study that investigates the utilization of simulation tools in the design process to enhance the learning outcomes and allow students to become sensitive contributors to the strong link between environment and architecture. The study focuses on the tools deployed by students from studio-VIII, in the college of architecture and design at Effat University, to embed passive performance techniques during design problem solving. The paper identifies the tools students used, and the impact of using them on selective projects. Moreover, the paper applies a questionnaire among the targeted students to investigate how simulation could inform their design through different stages of the design process starting from the pre-design studies to the final feedback on their design. The findings illustrate how simulation tools were used integrative to building design. The selected projects identified some of the challenges faced by students to incorporate simulation methodologies during a routine design studio process and it advocate considering the design problem-solving patterns and preferences in the improvement of environmental design.
Lattice windows as a natural ventilation strategy in hot, humid regions
Authors: Elwan Mustafa M. , Dewair Hosni A.
Published: December 2019

These paper concerns the role of lattice windows in enhancing resident’s expectation of comfort ventilation in such places, especially unconditioned buildings which higher air speed is an important strategy to minimize discomfort from high temperature and humidity, especially that some architectural requirements like privacy call for placing openings in certain places that could lead to a poor ventilation in this occupied zone, unless air flow is directed by using some architecture elements in a desired direction by using special inlet opening like lattice windows.

A model room used in Computational fluid dynamics CFD simulation program Ansys Fluent version,14.5 to figure out how lattice window delivers nature ventilation, Windows geometry, wing walls and side windows were observed how they affect wind direction and pressure difference to figure out its impact on room ventilation, A field measurement study in multi-story building with lattice windows were made by using Nova-Lynx weather station to observe internal ventilation speed and distribution with synchronous external wind.
Assessing the Effects of Floor Levels on Daylight Distribution in Mid-rise Office Buildings in Composite Climate of Nigeria.
Authors: Musa MA
Published: December 2019

Studies have shown that, 83% of people living in the tropics prefer to live within a wider climatic condition than a narrow one and this is only possible within a natural environmental settings. One of the major challenges in achieving optimum daylight distribution in mid-rise office buildings is the variations of climate with altitude. Studies on the effects of building height on the daylight distribution in office buildings are fewer in number. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of building height on daylight distribution in mid-rise office building in composite climate of Nigeria. It was achieved by: determining the effects of building floor levels on spatial daylight autonomy (S
DA) on four facades; and determining the effects of building floor levels on the optimum S
DA. The google sketch-up 2017 and Radiance in openstudio simulation tool were used to evaluate 8 sets of offices in Ahmadu Bello Uiversity senate building Zaria Nigeria, from January to December 2018. An exploratory design approach with the quantitative research strategy were employed in the study and the data generated was then analysed using an independent- samples t-test technique with significance threshold of 0.05, bar charts, column charts, graphs and tables. The results showed that, 75% of each of the spaces in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th floor areas received at least 300 lux for at least 50% of 4, 6, 6, 8, 10, 12, 12, and 12 months of the annual occupied hours, respectively. The study concluded that, 2 floors are significantly difference in sDA in western, eastern, northern, and southern facades when they are 17m; 12m; 14; and 35m aparts, respectively.
A Design Chart to Determine the Well Efficiency and the Maximum Spacing of Skylights for Daylighting as a Function of the Skylight Well Width
Authors: Saifelnasr Shady Shawky
Published: December 2019

The main objective of this paper is to introduce a simple tool for architects, represented by a design chart to find out the skylight well efficiency (WE) and the maximum skylight spacing (x), needed when utilizing top-lighting for daylighting as a function of the skylight well width (w). That would lead to suitable geometry and spacing of skylights inside a given space which directly affects the distribution of daylight, leading to better quality of light. The proposed design chart is used to find the skylight well efficiency (WE) and the maximum skylight spacing (x) of patterned skylights needed for ensuring proper admission and distribution of diffused light, i.e. quantity and quality of daylight. It consists of two parts and both parts consist of a number of graphs combined together, representing the different included variables that affect either the skylight well efficiency (WE), or the maximum skylight spacing (x) with a given skylight well width (w). Those graphs were developed by the author using different formulas except one graph that was previously designed and has been adapted by the author to be combined with the other graphs.
Inspiration for the Morphology of the South-Oriented Double-Skin Façade to Enhance Air Movement in Office Buildings of Cairo
Authors: Fayed S , Afify M , Mahmoud A H
Published: December 2019

Energy Energy consumption in buildings is approximately 40% of the total world annual consumption. In hot climate, crucial percentage of energy consumed due to the cooling loads in buildings. Wherefore, tendency towards decreasing the energy demand rises through the revival of passive strategies and encouraging the development of innovative initiatives in different fields. Double skin facade (DSF) is a promising passive strategy to enhance the thermal comfort while decreasing energy consumption. The DSF promotes the convective strategy in the cavity as an additive force to enhance air movement the occupied spaces. The study will introduce a proposed skin inspired from parametric pattern movement and exploit the features of the pattern mutation. The movement of the parametric pattern demonstrates changes in the cavity configuration revealed at the outer skin through the entire height of the façade. The proposed facade generates a special species of fluctuation for air distribution covering larger area of the occupied space by applying the principle of Venturi's effect. The results show enhancement in the magnitude and distribution air velocity inside the occupied space, which assists in improving thermal comfort range inside by natural means.
Research of the fatigue behavior of multilayer steel material based on steel 08x18Ni10 and 08x18 at high values of cycle stresses under conditions of pure bending
Authors: Plokhikh A I , Minakov A A
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the authors studied the cycle durability of a multi-layered steel material based on stainless steels 08Cr18Ni10 and 08Cr18 at high values of stresses under the scheme of pure bending. The results showed that the cycle durability increases with increasing dispersion of the laminar structure. In addition, the authors studied the fractures after fatigue failure and analyzed their microstructure. The analysis showed that the nature of the fatigue failure of a multilayer steel material depends on the dispersion of the laminar structure.
Modeling of the stability of thin composite plates based on an asymptotic theory
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Gubareva E A , Shurpo A A
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this work is the construction of the theory of stability of thin plates based on the asymptotic analysis of the general three-dimensional equations of the theory of elasticity and three dimensional stability theory, without introducing any assumptions regarding the nature of displacements and stresses. According to the proposed theory of stability calculation was made straight plate in uniaxial compression.
Modeling of Non-Newtonian resin flows in Composite Microstructures
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Li Sh
Published: December 2019

The multi-scale modeling of the flow of the non-Newtonian viscosity resin in the composite structure is based on the asymptotic homogenization method, and a so-called local problem is obtained. The finite element method was used to calculate the local problem, and the distribution of single hole velocity, pressure and non-Newtonian viscosity was obtained.
Theory of composite cylindrical shells under quasistatic vibrations, based on an asymptotic analysis of the general viscoelasticity theory equations
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Gubareva E A , Pichugina A E
Published: December 2019

A theory of thin multilayer anisotropic viscoelastic cylindrical shells with allowance for quasistatic oscillations, based on the application of asymptotic analysis of small geometric parameters to the general three-dimensional equations of the viscoelasticity theory for curvilinear coordinates, is proposed. Recurrent sequences of local problems of the viscoelasticity theory for shells under the quasistatic pressure oscillations are formulated and analytical solutions are obtained. It is shown that with this approach it is possible to obtain expressions for all 6 components of the stress tensor over the thickness of the shell. An example of the calculation of a cylindrical viscoelastic shell with axisymmetric bending with allowance for quasistatic oscillations is considered. The graphs of the dependences of the components of the stress tensor on the local coordinate are given for different angles of layers in the material. An algorithm is proposed for obtaining explicit analytical equations for calculating the distribution of the total stress tensor components over a cylindrical shell under the action of quasistatic oscillations.
Multi-parametric dynamic analysis of lightweight elastic laminates
Authors: Kaplunov J , Prikazchikov D A , Prikazchikova L A , Nikonov A , Savšek T
Published: December 2019

Multi-parametric asymptotic analysis of dynamic phenomena in lightweight three-layered structures is performed. The presence of high contrast in densities of skin and core layers may lead to the small value of the lowest shear thickness resonance frequency, allowing a two-mode long wave low-frequency approximation of the exact dispersion relation. The range of uniform asymptotic validity of the two-mode approximation with respect to relative thickness and density are established. The theoretical predictions are illustrated numerically.
Inverse problems of restoring the geometric dimensions of a construction defects by thermal fields analysis
Authors: Krasnov I.K. , Salnikova A.A.
Published: December 2019

The proposed work deals with the problem of finding the geometric dimensions of a cavity-type defect by measuring the thermal fields. As a structural element, a plate with a rectangular cavity is considered.
On the Mixed Steklov—Neumann and Steklov-type Biharmonic Problems in Unbounded Domains
Authors: Matevossian Hovik
Published: December 2019

We study the properties of generalized solutions in unbounded domains and the asymptotic behavior of solutions of elliptic boundary value problems at infinity. Moreover, we study the unique solvability of the mixed Steklov–Neumann and Steklov-type biharmonic problems in unbounded domains with a compact and non-compact boundaries (in particular, the exterior of a compact set, half-space, the domain with conical points) under the assumption that generalized solutions of these problems has a bounded Dirichlet (energy) integral with weight |x|
a
. Depending on the value of the parameter a, we obtained uniqueness (non-uniqueness) theorems of these problems or present exact formulas for the dimension of the space of solutions.
To the Modeling of multilayer Thin Prismatic Bodies
Authors: Nikabadze M U , Ulukhanyan A R
Published: December 2019

Proceeding from three-dimensional formulations of initial boundary value problems of the three-dimensional linear micropolar theory of thermoelasticity similar formulations of initial boundary value problems for the theory of multilayer thermoelastic thin bodies are obtained. The initial boundary value problems for thin bodies were also obtained in the moments with respect to systems of orthogonal polynomials. We consider some particular cases of formulations of initial boundary value problems. In particular, the statements of the initial-boundary value problems of the fifth approximation of the micropolar theory of five-layer thin prismatic bodies are considered in more detail.
Homogenization and multicontinuum models for high contrast composites
Authors: Panasenko G P
Published: December 2019

We consider the high contrast periodic composite materials having high ratio ω >>1 of physical constants of the components such as the heat conductivity or Young’s moduli. The ratio of the characteristic microscopic size and the characteristic macroscopic size is a small parameter e. If the component having high constants has the shape of small isolated particles then the homogenized (macroscopic, effective) model demonstrates a loss of the effective wave velocity. If the topology of the component having high constants corresponds to several (at least two) connected periodic sets disconnected one from other and if ε2ω>>1 or ε2ω = const then the macroscopic model is described by a multicontinuum, i.e. several continua in each point.
Requirements for technical support of measurements of local elastic characteristics of CCCM by indentation method
Authors: Andreeva Y D , Magnitskiy I V
Published: December 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of the applicability of the indentation method for determining local properties of the matrix of carbon-carbon composite materials. It is shown that from the point of view of preserving the integrity of the matrix, it is advisable to use an indenter with the maximum possible diameter of spherical blunting. The characteristic values of contact stiffness, which have a significant value, are determined, which imposes restrictions on the components of the power circuit of the indentation device. The laws of changes in the level of stresses in the sample under various conditions, including the friction coefficients in the contact, are obtained. Estimates of the influence of the structural heterogeneity of the material on the measurement results are given, and it has been established that with a rational organization of the experiment, they are negligible.
Analysis of the information and diagnostic capability of processing technologies
Authors: Barzov A A , Belov V A , Galinovski A L
Published: December 2019

The possibility of informational diagnostic application of various combinations of traditional processing technologies is considered. By means of expert analytical analysis the potential diagnostic performance of combinations of laser and ultrajet machining of materials is shown. Outlined prospects for the development of research results.
Advanced repair methods using wear-resistant polymeric composite materials
Authors: Ivanov V A , Tulinov A B
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the technology of eliminating defects in equipment used in various industries and utilities. Possible defects are listed, the types of wear and the degree of their influence on the equipment performance are determined. To repair the defects described, it is proposed to use repair composite materials (RCM) made on a polymer base with various fillers, with the advantage given to composites with ceramic fillers as the most wear-resistant and most conducive to eliminating various types of wear in equipment and piping systems. To solve the problems posed, concrete composite materials are available that are available on the domestic market. It also emphasizes the cost-effectiveness of restoration work using RCM.
Dual-curing propargyl/phthalonitrile monomers for composites by vacuum infusion process
Authors: Nechausov S S , Malakho A.P. , Bulgakov B A
Published: December 2019

Four different bifunctional monomers were synthesized: two monomers containing N- propargylamine and phthalonitrile groups and two monomers containing O-propargyl ester and phthalonitrile groups. It was shown that only the latter one can be used to obtain composite materials by vacuum infusion (viscosity 40 mPa*s at 120 °C. The N-propargylamine containing monomers demonstrated high viscosity of the melts and degradation with allene evolution while curing. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) were successfully obtained from 4-[3-(prop-2-yn-I-yloxy)phenoxy]benzene-I,2-dicarbonitrile by a vacuum infusion molding process. Mechanical testing of the composites samples was performed. Influence of end-curing temperature on mechanical properties and morphology of composites was investigated. The curing temperature of 375 °C critically affects the properties of the composite due to the high shrinkage. Composites cured at 375 °C lost 18% of mechanical properties at 300 °C but cured at 330 only 10%. LOI for composites with a matrix of propargyl/phthalonitrile dual-curing polymers was equal to 75, which is higher than most materials obtained from thermosets.
Constitutive relations of the endochronic theory of thermoplasticity for high-temperature composites under plane stress state
Authors: Sarbayev B S
Published: December 2019

A variant of the constitutive relations of the endochronic theory of thermoplasticity for high-temperature composites is proposed. The relations for the plane stress state are considered. Examples of the use of the proposed relations in which the material behavior under complex loading is analyzed are given. The dependence of the elastic modulus of the material on the temperature of pre-heating is shown.
Change in the structure of the aluminium alloy under the action of direct electric current
Authors: Timchenko S L , Zadorozhnyj N A
Published: December 2019

The capabilities of the method for producing cast aluminum alloys, including composite alloys, which include the transmission of direct electric current at the crystallization stage, are shown, and the results are studied for experiments on the crystallization of aluminum alloy (silumin: Si – 10.47 %; Cu – 1.75 %; Fe – <0.2 %; Cr – 0,.02%; Mg – <0.02; Mn – <0.02 %; Ni – 0.08 %) under the action of direct electric current. Comparative study of the structure and porosity of the aluminum alloy, the crystallization of which occurred under the influence of electric current and without current, showed that the electric current leads to a change in the structure of the alloy, reducing porosity, creating a finely differentiated eutectic with a decrease in the dendritic parameter.The mechanism of influence of electric current on the movement of inclusions in the melt is based on the diffusion process. Within the framework of considering the diffusion flux created by the electric field of the current, the speed of the inclusion of crystalline silicon in the melt was calculated in a linear approximation, which shows the possibility of applying this effect in obtaining aluminum matrix composite materials.
Impact toughness of multilayer steel materials at low temperatures
Authors: Vlasova D V , Plokhikh A I
Published: December 2019

The results of a number of studies show that there are ways to drastically change the temperature dependence of the impact strength of structural steels, which at first glance have a paradoxical character. It was established that when the test temperature decreases down to cryogenic temperatures, the work of failure of impact samples cut in certain directions of rolled products does not change, which indicates the absence of a formal viscous-brittle transition threshold and an increase in material reliability at low temperatures. The reason for this phenomenon is the layered structure formed during the hot batch rolling process, due to which complete failure of impact samples with a U-shaped concentrator does not occur.
Study of the process of nitriding in multilayer materials based on steel
Authors: Polikevich K B , Plokhikh A I
Published: December 2019

The paper analyzes the processes of nitriding of multilayer metallic materials at various degrees of their structurization. The dependences of the influence of the thickness of the composite layer and the chemical composition of its materials on the parameters of the diffusion layer during chemical-thermal treatment are presented. It is shown that a decrease in the thickness of the laminar layer leads to an increase in the diffusion layer.
Surface express ultrajet diagnostics of space vehicle materials
Authors: Galinovsky A L , Mugla D R , Golubev E S
Published: December 2019

The article substantiates the possibility of using waterjet hydrophysical diagnostics for the express estimation of features of physical and mechanical properties of structural materials obtained by selective laser sintering. It is shown that, based on the results of ultrasonic diagnostics, functionally necessary information is obtained to improve the quality of implementation of all stages of products’ life cycle in production of which it is promising to use additive technologies. On the example of the constructive element of the Russian Observatory " Millimetron "(Spektr-M project) it is shown that the approaches proposed by the author can be used in the process of technological preparation of rocket’s production and space technology (RST), aircraft building, turbo-power engineering, etc.
Investigation of the scale factor and deformation features during compression of a spatially reinforced carbon composite material
Authors: Ponomarev K A , Magnitskiy I V
Published: December 2019

An experimental analysis of the scale effects of the strength and rigidity of CCCM with a 4-DL reinforcement scheme under compression has been carried out. The influence of the size and shape of the sample on the observed tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the material is described. The features of nonlinear deformation of the material, the effect of multiple loading are considered. The X-ray computed tomography method analyzed the processes occurring in the structural components of the material.
Development of medical material based on nickel-titanium
Authors: Fakhurtdinov R S , Fedyuk I M , Nasakina E O
Published: December 2019

The paper discusses methods for improving the biomechanical properties of titanium nickelide for its further use as a medical material. The aim of the paper was to study the processes of formation of oxide and nitride surface layers on titanium nickelide by the methods of oxidation and nitration, as well as the effect of these treatments on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the alloy.
The use of inflatable structures for the removal of spacecraft from orbit
Authors: Koryanov V V , Toporkov A G , Kazakovtsev V P , Nedogarok A A , Gnezdova E K
Published: December 2019

Every year the concentration of objects of space debris is steadily growing, which significantly complicates the conduct of both modern and future space missions using automatic, and especially manned space vehicles. To date, over 15,000 artificial objects and fragments larger than 5 cm have been recorded in near-Earth space. Therefore, the issues of cleansing outer space from objects of space debris of various sizes are quite relevant. In this paper, are considered questions use inflatable structures for deorbiting spacecraft, in order to avoid the formation of new space debris. At the end of the work, conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness using of such inflatable structures.
Modified Oil Bitumen
Authors: Fedorova L V , Tretyakova Z O , Voronina M V
Published: December 2019

The article describes the modification of petroleum bitumen with elastomers of different chemical nature and molecular weight. The effectiveness and expediency of such a modification is shown.The objects of research in the work were the following brands of oil bitumen: BN-70/30 and BND-90/130. The following modifiers were used: butyl rubber (BK-1675), liquid thiocol - a condensation product of aliphatic dihalo derivatives with sodium polysulfide, rubber crumb.Shown undoubted efficiency and the prospect of improving the technological and operational properties of bitumen systems by modifying the latter with selected polymers. In addition, this modification is economically feasible due to the low cost of the selected modifiers and their presence in the range of enterprises of the domestic chemical industry.
Influence of aggressive environment on basalt fiber based microplastics
Authors: Korokhin R A , Solodilov V I , Kireinov A V , Orlov M A
Published: December 2019

Physical and mechanical properties of basalt fibers and microplastics based on them have been investigated. Influence of various environments such as distilled and sea water, alkaline solutions, UV-radiation, on microplastics’ characteristics have been studied. Alkaline solutions of high concentration are shown to affect the most the characteristics of studied materials.
Newer approaches to the creation of the thermostable space platforms for the Earth remote sounding
Authors: Gorodetsky M A , Mikhaylovsky K V , Reznik S V
Published: December 2019

A method for the integrated analysis and the determination of the composite construction parameters of a platform of the Earth remote sounding spacecraft, is proposed. The conditions of thermal load for a flight along a sun-synchronous orbit were analysed. The mathematical simulation of the operating conditions ensuring the effective operation of such satellites was performed. The method was tested with account of the input parameters of the «BelKA» satellite orbit. This method will be useful when selecting a working orbit for such satellites at the stage of technical proposals, since it includes determination of their orbital characteristics, as well as the heat flows onto the elements of their construction. The results of simulation of thermal regime of the composite structure options are presented.
Metallic coating technologies for carbon fabrics and methods for assessing their quality
Authors: Nelyub V A
Published: December 2019

The results of experimental analyses of the properties of carbon tapes (and filaments) after the application of metal coatings on them are presented. Various methods have been investigated for pre-cleaning the surface of carbon tapes and fabrics before applying a metallic coating thereon. A magnetron sputtering method was used to apply the metallic coating. An algorithm has been developed that allows determining the method of pre-cleaning carbon tape before its metallization. An adhesive test method was used as a criterion, allowing to determine the adhesion strength of the metallic coating to the carbon tape. An algorithm has been developed that allows determining the modes of applying metallic coatings on a carbon tape. Modes of applying metallic coatings on carbon tapes have been developed.
About the mechanisms of fibre reinforced plastic behaviour under cycling loading
Authors: Paimushin V N , Kayumov R A , Kholmogorov S A
Published: December 2019

In order to study the peculiarities of the behavior of fiber reinforced plastics under cyclic loading, tests of specimens made of ELUR-P carbon tape and cold curing binder XT-118 with a stacking sequence 2 [+45°/−45°]2s
(s - the number of laminas) for cyclic tension were carried out. It is established that stabilization of the secant modulus of elasticity is observed as the number of cycles increases. The experimental data were compared with the results of numerical modeling of the deformation processes under study. Based on numerical calculations and analytic solutions found, for a number of types of loads and creep kernels, the value of the secant modulus of elasticity does not depend on the load amplitudes, when using relations with the Abel creep kernel, the ratio of viscous parts of strain shifted by values, does not depend on the period of cyclic load, the amplitude of the load and the parameter that determines the degree of viscosity of the material, but depends only on the parameter that determines the degree of attenuation of the creeping process. By using the method of decomposing the load in a series of trigonometric functions with the same cyclic periods, it is shown that the effect is manifested in the general case of cyclic loading using relations with the Abel creep kernel. There is established the independence of secant and tangential moduli of elasticity from the absolute values of maximum and minimum stresses for any kinds of loads and creep kernels using the linear theory of hereditarily elastic body. A method has been developed for identifying creep kernel parameters, relations for viscoplastic and elastic strain based on the analysis of experimental data on cyclic loading. For the separation of hereditarily elastic and viscoplastic strain, the hypothesis was introduced that their rates at large times are very different. This made it possible, on the basis of theoretical results obtained for the Abel kernel, to obtain ratios from which, independently of other mechanical characteristics, one can find the attenuation parameter from the strain values, measured in the experiment in times shifted by an integer number of periods. The method is applied to processing the data of real experiments conducted by the authors.
Numerical calculation of the stress-strain state of piezoelectric layered polymer composite materials equipped with a control piezoactuator
Authors: Anoshkin A N , Pisarev P V , Pan’kov A A , Ashikhmin V A
Published: December 2019

A mathematical model is formulated for calculating the stress-strain state (SSS) of piezo-electric layered polymer composite materials (PCM) equipped with a control piezoactuator. The model implements the principle of thermo-piezoelectric analogy, which allows to move from the coupled boundary value problem ofelectroelasticityto the boundary value problem of thermoelasticity. A comparison of the deformation fields for model layered samples from PCM with a different arrangement of piezoactuatorswas carried out. Verification of the developed mathematical models was carried out. The main patterns and mechanisms are revealedfor controlling the geometry of a layered PCM using embedded piezo-actuators.
Creation and analysis of hybrid nanocomposites based on dioxidine and nanoparticles of bioactive metals embedded in cryostructurated gelatin matrices
Authors: Nuzhdina A V , Shabatina T I , Vernaya O I , Shabatin V P
Published: December 2019

This paper is devoted to the creation of hybrid nanocomposites based on the antibacterial drug dioxidine and bioactive metals - silver and copper. The obtained materials were analyzed using the methods of NMR, UV and IR spectroscopy, low-temperature adsorption of argon, SEM and TEM. It is shown that they are silver nanoparticles with a size of 2-30 nm or copper nanoparticles with a size of 10-40 nm, incorporated into dioxidine particles with a size of 50-350 nm. The obtained drug nanocomposites were embedded into wide-porous biopolymer cryostructurated gelatin-based matrices. The possibility of the release of drug components from a biopolymer carrier and manifestation of its antibacterial activity has been shown. At the same time, hybrid nanocomposites based on metals and antibacterial drugs showed increased activity to suppress the growth of microbial cells ofEscherichia coli 52, Staphylococcus aureus 144, Mycobacterium cyaneum 98,then their components separately.