bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Repercussions of Gem Mining in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayawardhana P.E.S.M , Udawattha C.D.
Published: April 2024

As an industry, the gem industry has positive impacts on the economy and society while having severe negative impacts on the environment and health. Most of these impacts cannot be recovered for an extended period of time while causing the deaths of all living organisms on Earth. This study has portrayed the environmental repercussions of traditional and mechanical gem mining techniques practiced by the gem miners in Ratnapura while discussing the remedies that can be adapted to overcome those environmental. The population of the study consisted of gem mining lands in Ratnapura, and a sample of five tunnel gem mine lands, five backhoe gem mine lands, and five river gem mine lands was selected. Data was collected through observation and direct discussions with gem miners to identify the environmental repercussions of gem mining activities. The analysis was done using a narrative analysis of qualitative research. The study found that while gem mining contributes significantly to the economic development of the country, the techniques used, including tunnel gem mining, backhoe gem mining, and river gem mining, have several negative impacts on the environment, such as water contamination, soil erosion, deforestation, loss of biodiversity and animal habitats, and nutrient depletion. The study suggests that environmentally friendly methods for gem mining should be adopted, and government regulation is necessary to reduce the impact of mining activities on the environment. The study provides valuable insights into the environmental impact of gem mining in Ratnapura and highlights the need for sustainable practices in the gem industry.
“You have to be a bit of a rogue teacher” – A qualitative study of sex educators in Metro Vancouver
Authors: Black Stéphanie , Watt Sarah , Koenig Brett , Salway Travis
Published: April 2024

Comprehensive sex education (CSE) is evidence-based, addresses a wide variety of topics, and is inclusive of sexual and gender minority (SGM) experiences. However, teachers are often not trained to deliver CSE and are uncomfortable teaching it. This can lead to the omission of important topics and leave youth dissatisfied with their sex education. Thus, more research is needed to understand educator needs/approaches when delivering sex education and how educators incorporate SGM-affirming content. We conducted fifteen interviews with sex educators in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada, in autumn 2021, to understand current approaches to and gaps in the provision of CSE. We used an interpretive descriptive methodology. Personal and structural factors constrain the delivery of CSE in BC. Personal factors include motivation, teacher comfort/knowledge, personal trauma, and fear of pushback. Structural factors include inequitable access to parent advisory council funding, Learning Standards design, and the peripheral nature of sex education. Participant recommendations for the future of sex education include increased mandatory pre-service and in-service training, the implementation of “sex education mentors” in each district, an online hub of resources, and government funding for community-based educators. We recommend (1) that government funding be allocated for at least one trained sex educator in every school district who can coach and mentor teachers; (2) the creation and promotion of an online information hub which includes lesson plans, videos, and resources for teachers; (3) and that teachers’ colleges create mandatory courses on teaching CSE.
“Capitality” beyond the Capital City? Brasília and Its Satellite Towns
Authors: Derntl Maria Fernanda
Published: April 2024

In 1960, Brasília replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital city of Brazil. Although the planned urban core of Brasília—the so-called Plano Piloto—has been the subject of many in-depth studies, the urban history of the settlements on its outskirts—its satellite towns—remains underexplored to date. The national official discourse tended to either neglect the problematic conditions of satellite towns or picture them as part of the hardships that workers bravely put up with for the sake of lofty ideals. Based on 83 interviews recorded by the Public Archive of Brasília between 1995 and 2005, this article analyzes narratives on social practices and experiences that configured the urban spaces of satellite towns and provided them with new significance. It also investigates how people elaborated their memories and appropriated topics from institutionalized history to make points on their present-day needs and demands. Rather than seeing the “capitality” of Brasília as the product of a top-down political project, this article deems it to be a complex cultural artifact shaped by multiple perspectives and experiences, themselves informed by the discourses and practices of modernization.
Tbilisi, Baku, and Yerevan: Neoclassicism and Imperial Signification in the Caucasus
Authors: Wharton Alyson
Published: April 2024

Contrary to urban histories of the Caucasus that have tended to take an individual capital city and chart urban development from the Persian imprint and the Russian imperial legacy to the Soviet reconstruction, this article takes a comparative look at three national capitals, Baku, Yerevan, and Tbilisi, in order to argue for their similarities as well as their distinctness. It puts forth that the markers of the “national monumentality” and “capitality” of these three cities were set in place in the period of Russian imperial rule and that the central cores of Yerevan, Baku, and Tbilisi remained relatively unchanged into the Soviet era. This argument stresses that the impact of both the historiography of the Soviet urban revolution and the nationalizing historiography that continues to idolize genius figures like Armenian–Soviet architect Alexandr Tamanyan has led to an under-appreciation of the many imperial traces remaining in the Soviet-era cities. The article proceeds by using the architectural evidence, alongside travel accounts authored by those very familiar with imperial urban settings that describe Baku, Tbilisi, and Yerevan in some detail in these periods, to shed light on the changing dynamics of these locations (or lack thereof) into the Soviet era. Imperial travelers are supplemented by literary sources, as well as a spotlight on the example of Tamanyan and his centrality to movements like the World of Art group of neoclassicist architects in St. Petersburg. It is argued that it was neoclassicism that united the urban approaches in Baku, Tbilisi, and Yerevan under the Russian and Soviet periods of rule and that this violent rupture from the Persianate past continues to dominate these cities today.
« Il s’en tuë jusques dans les jardins de Québec ». La place des animaux sauvages dans la ville (Québec et Montréal, 1663-1763)
Authors: Riguelle William
Published: April 2024

Immergés dans un nouvel environnement, les colons, voyageurs, missionnaires et auteurs de récits de voyage de la Nouvelle-France accordent fréquemment une large place à la description de la faune dans leurs ouvrages, soulignant sa diversité et surtout son abondance : Samuel de Champlain, Jacques Cartier, Gabriel Sagard, Pierre Boucher comme d’autres s’émerveillent devant le foisonnement d’oiseaux migrateurs, l’incroyable richesse halieutique du fleuve Saint-Laurent, ainsi que la multitude d’orignaux, ours, caribous, cerfs, renards, loups, castors, ou chevreuils. Leur présence généreuse est associée au monde rural, sauvage, aux forêts boréales qui forment leur habitat. En revanche, les espèces animales indigènes sont beaucoup moins assimilées au milieu urbain au sein du paysage historiographique. La tendance d’un très grand nombre d’entre elles à se rapprocher de l’homme, joint à la proximité de la ville avec une faune terrestre, aviaire ou aquatique nombreuse, permet pourtant d’y supposer leur présence. Prenant pour cadre Montréal et surtout Québec, pour laquelle les informations sont les plus abondantes, cet article se penche sur les interactions entre la société urbaine coloniale et son environnement, entre 1663 et 1763. Il vise à mesurer à quel degrés la faune sauvage—essentiellement la tourte—joue un rôle dans la vie citadine et son organisation, faisant émerger des pratiques comme celle de la chasse dans l’espace urbain. La recherche permet donc de transposer une problématique généralement liée au monde rural vers un milieu au sein duquel elle n’est pas forcément associée, permettant de saisir, à travers les agents non humains, la manière dont une société s’approprie, façonne, gère, et conçoit son espace.
Aesthetic rehabilitation of upper central incisors using combined direct and indirect technique: A Case report
Authors: Muhamad Halil Mohd Haikal , Muhammad Hazwan Mustafa  , Syahirah Aisyah Kamaruzaman
Published: April 2024

Improving dental appearances generally leads to an increase in confidence, social interactions and ultimately quality of life. This case aimed to perform aesthetic rehabilitation on the upper central incisors. The patient was a 25-year-old female who was concerned with the gap in her front teeth and discolouration of her crown. The treatment started with shade matching and preliminary measurements prior to cementation of temporary crown. Later, an all ceramic e.max Lithium Disilicate crown was cemented on tooth 11 followed by direct composite restoration on tooth 21 for diastema closure. In conclusion, both the indirect and direct restorative technique when applied appropriately proved to be effective and satisfactory to the patient.
Detecting Shape of Hybrid Polymer/Surfactant Micelles: Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy, Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering Study
Authors: Kwiatkowski Alexander , Molchanov Vyacheslav S. , Orekhov Anton S. , Kuklin Alexander I. , Philippova Olga E.
Published: April 2024

In-depth study of shape of hybrid micelles in the micellar solutions of anionic surfactant potassium oleate, containing hydrophobic polymer poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) was conducted via cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and dynamic-light scattering of visible light (DLS). Direct visualization of the solutions with cryo-TEM evidenced the coexistence of polymer-free spherical micelles and branched rodlike hybrid micelles with mean length of 200 nm and radius of 2 nm, governed by contour length of solubilized P4VP and length of hydrophobic “tail” of potassium oleate, respectively. The formation of branches in the hybrid micelles was explained by attaching the thermodynamically unfavorable end-caps of micelles to their polymer-loaded cylindrical fragments. By SANS it was shown that the cylindrical local shape and the radius of the micelles are independent of the concentration of embedded P4VP. Relaxation processes in the solutions were investigated with DLS. Three relaxation modes were observed for hybrid micelles, similar to polymer-free wormlike micelles. Fast and medium relaxation modes were attributed to diffusion of entangled micellar chains and their segments, respectively. The slow mode was related to electrostatic repulsion between similarly charged hybrid micelles.
Effect of Salt Content on Solubilization of Hydrophobic Polymer by Wormlike Micelles of Ionic Surfactant
Authors: Kwiatkowski Alexander L. , Kalinin Pavel V. , Philippova Olga E.
Published: April 2024

The effect of concentration of inorganic salt KCl on solubilization of hydrophobic polymer poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) in aqueous solutions of ionic surfactant potassium oleate was experimentally investigated. As was shown by rheology, in the range of concentrations from 1 to 5 wt.% of salt the polymer-free solutions of surfactant mainly contain linear wormlike micelles (WLMs). The formation of branched WLMs was observed in the solutions containing 5-9 wt.% of KCl. In the presence of higher salt content the phase separation occurred, indicating the formation of a highly branched saturated network of WLMs. Enhanced screening of the charged groups of potassium oleate by oppositely charged ions of KCl caused elongation and branching of micelles that reflected in zero-shear viscosity of the solutions passing through the maximum. In the phase diagram, the saturation concentration with P4VP of both linear and branched WLMs decreased with increasing salt content. In the case of linear WLMs, this could be explained by the constant number of embedded polymer chains per 1 WLM, while simultaneously decreasing number of WLMs in the system. As for the branched WLMs, it was caused by shortening of the linear parts of micelles due to the formation of branching points. For this reason, almost no P4VP was dissolved in the solution containing the highly branched saturated network.
Analysis of Islamic Law on the Efforts of Covering Physical Evidence of Murabahah Financing Transactions
Authors: Hana Ubaid Aisyul , Syarifudin Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The research aims to answer the problem of how to cover physical evidence by PT. BPRS Jabal Nur according to Islamic legal analysis. The research data is collected through interviews and the documentation is then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques, namely the most basic analysis to describe the data in general. The results of the study concluded that the policies agreed upon by the BPRS Jabal Nur Surabaya were expressly prohibited by Islamic law, because they did not comply with the regulations made by the government. As explained in the Koran Surat al-Nisa’ verse 59. The policy is the covering (manipulation) of physical evidence in the form of notes for customers who do not deposit notes for certain reasons. It was done by the bank due to a lack of staff in handling the above problems and a lack of customer knowledge about the importance of these notes for the bank in their annual reports. In line with these conclusions, BPRS Jabal Nur must be firm with customers to submit physical evidence in the form of notes and tighten the recruitment process for the company so that it is better than what is expected by BPRS Jabal Nur Surabaya.
Effect of Growth Level, Asset Structure, Liquidity and Profitability on Capital Structure
Authors: Wanitasari Wanitasari , Alamsyah Lutvi , Mukhlisuddin Akhmad
Published: April 2024

Competition in the business world encourages financial managers to take decisions carefully, one of which decisions related to capital structure. The purpose of the study is to find out and analyze the effect of growth rates, asset structure, liquidity, and profitability on capital structure in the three banking sector companies incorporated in the Sharia Stock Index Indonesia (ISSI) for the period of 2015 to 2018. The research uses quantitative methods with secondary data obtained from the official bank's website. It uses purposive sampling technique by certain criteria namely BRI Syariah (BRIS), Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional Syariah (BTPS), and Bank Panin Dubai Syariah (BPNS) for the 2015-2018 period. Analysis of the data used in this research is using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of data processing tools IBM SPSS version 20 through the classic assumption test that is normalization test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test, with hypothesis testing T test, F test and Adjusted R2. It shows that partially the growth rate has no significant effect on capital structure, asset structure has a significant effect on capital structure, liquidity has no significant effect on capital structure, and profitability has a significant negative effect on capital structure. The results of the F test indicate that the growth rate, asset structure, liquidity and profitability have an effect on the capital structure. The amount of Adjusted R2 is 0.857. In the sense that 85.7 percent of the independent variables, while the remaining 14.3 percent of the variables are explained outside the research model.
The Effect of Economic Literature and Informal Economic Education on The Consumption Behavior
Authors: Sundari Sundari , Muawanah Muawanah , Asmoro Fendik
Published: April 2024

The study aims to determine the effect of economic literacy, informal economy education on the consumption behavior of Institut Pesantren KH.Abdul Chalim Students Regular Program 2015-2018. The population in this study were all regular students of Institut Pesantren KH.Abdul Chalim Regular Program 2015-2018. The sample was 25% of the total population, namely 85 respondents. Data collection techniques were in the form of tests, questionnaires and documentation. The research was a quantitative study with the data analysis technique used was multiple regression analysis. The results of the study show that there is an influence between the variables of economic literacy on consumption behavior, between the variables of informal economy education on consumption behavior, and between the variables of economic literacy and informal economy education on consumption behavior. The coefficient of determination (R2) of economic literacy, informal economic education on consumption behavior is 0.114 or 11.4%.
Analysis Customers' Interest to IB Faedah Savings
Authors: Toha Mohamad , Aini Qurrotu
Published: April 2024

Marketing is to attract customers to use BRI Syariah products. In this case, the bank wants its product to be easy to sell and expansive, which is in great demand by customers and prospective customers. The study aims to determine customer’s interest in iB Faedah savings at BRI Syariah KCP Mojosari - Mojokerto. To answer the questions above, this research was designed with a qualitative descriptive approach using a case study approach. Based on the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that 1) Attention, that customers know about the iB Faedah savings product from their own initiative to come to the office and customers know about Faedah savings directly from BRI Syariah. 2) Interest, The reason customers use Faedah savings is because it adjusts to the background of individual status and the good service from BRI Syariah during the procedure. Customers feel well served and receive a clear explanation from BRI Syariah regarding the details of the iB Faedah savings product. 3) Desire, customer interest related to the cost of Faedah saving is said to depend on each person’s perspective and ability. Customers choose products with lower costs and can be used as a means of saving money for their internal needs. 4) Action (Using), that is the reason the customer has the desire to use the iB Faedah savings to meet the business needs. 5) Halal Lifestyle Awareness, customers have a purpose other than to meet financial needs but also to change perspectives in choosing the products used.
Managing Basilar Artery Occlusions with Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Single-Center Case Series
Authors: D. Villoria Evaliza Therese
Published: April 2024

Acute ischemic infarctions are caused by occlusions to blood vessels supplying the brain. Rapid recognition and intervention affect the course of management to provide prompt recanalization to minimize tissue injury, for which endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has become an emerging standard of care. Recent clinical trials for basilar artery occlusions done in 2022 concluded that mechanical thrombectomy performed on patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of ≥6 within 24 hours offers a significantly lower risk of 90-day mortality, and a 90-day modified Rankin scale of 0-3 despite the higher incidence of intracranial hemorrhage. Three of four cases of basilar artery occlusion completed their mechanical thrombectomies in our institution; two of which were performed under the recommended time window. Among those, two cases had prolonged hospital stay due to complications, but had a 90-day mRS of 3. Although larger studies should be performed for better representation of clinical outcomes, there is difficulty in gathering cases in the Philippines as it belongs to a low-middle income country with a low annual thrombectomy rate. This study reports three cases of basilar artery occlusions managed through mechanical thrombectomy in a single institution with outcomes consistent with the conclusions of the recent clinical trials.
Clinical application of the “Perrotta-Guerrieri Psychological Care for Ostomy Patients” (PCOP) protocol and integrated questionnaire on adult ostomy patients
Authors: Perrotta Giulio
Published: April 2024

Background. Much attention is paid in the literature to the psychological profiles associated with ostomies, but until 2022 there was a lack of a psychoclinic instrument that was able to investigate all 9 individual subjective functions possibly impaired by the ostomate condition and the degree of impairment. For this reason, "Perrotta-Guerrieri Psychological Care for Ostomy Patients" (PCOP) was developed for all clinical phases, in 45 items with an L1-5 response scale, for the study of quality of life in the ostomized patient, which was also able to offer from the therapist a holistic understanding of the problem in all its phases (pre-operative, operative, postoperative, follow-up), integrating a patient-specific clinical intervention protocol. Materials and Methods. Clinical interview and battery of psychometric questionnaires. Results. Of 58 patients (M: 57.3 years), divided into two groups (CG and Cg) of equal distribution, the group in which the protocol was applied (CG) achieved quantifiable benefits to the extent of 50-75% individually and 97% in the total group. Conclusions. PCOP is a psychoclinical tool that can offer therapists the opportunity to explore the issue of patient quality of life and best focus on the most appropriate and targeted clinical intervention.
Epidemiology, Seasonal Variability, and Factors Associated with Increased Mortality in Patients with Acute Appendicitis in Thailand: A Study Using Data from the National Health Security Office
Authors: Khongcharoen Natthapon , Khiawthuam Nattaya , Chouchuen Pongsakorn , Surachat Komwit , Sirichamratsakul Kulpreeya , Sangkhathat Surasak
Published: April 2024

Objective: The study aimed to study the spatiotemporal distribution of acute appendicitis in Thailand, using a reimbursement dataset from the National Health Security Office, and also analyze for mortality and factors associated with mortality after an appendectomy.Material and Methods: The study used data mining to analyze a reimbursement data set from the Thailand National Health Security Office (NHSO), focusing on the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (K35.2-K35.9). The analysis looked for the incidence trend and seasonal variation of the incidence. The study also analyzed mortality and factors associated with the mortality. A prediction model for mortality was constructed using a decision tree. Results: During the 4 fiscal years of the study period, from October 2016 - September 2020, a total of 287,449 individuals were diagnosed with acute appendicitis, and 272,850 appendectomies were performed, which gave an annual incidence (AI) of 10.8/10,000 person-years. The peak age incidence was in the second decade of life, which had an age-specific AI of 28.4/10,000 person-years. Using a multiplicative model of time series detrending and a decomposition model and a seasonal variation of acute appendicitis, with the highest incidence from May to October, linear regression showed a significant correlation between the incidence of appendicitis and precipitation (r2=0.28, p-value<0.001). The AI of appendicitis was declining and showed an especially large decline in the year 2020, when the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began. The overall mortality was 2.3%. A significantly higher mortality rate was found in cases with extreme age (pediatric or geriatric), those with co-morbidities (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease), and those with complications, especially generalized peritonitis, sepsis, and acute kidney injury. A decision-tree prediction model suggested that sepsis and renal complication were key nodes determining mortality risk in pediatric and geriatric appendicitis. Conclusion: A mortality risk from appendicitis remains in Thai patients, especially the elderly with co-morbidities and those with generalized peritonitis, sepsis, or renal complications. Early diagnosis and improvement in perioperative care in the extreme age groups might improve the mortality figure.
Дослідницька діяльність як невід’ємна складова шкільної біологічної освіти
Authors: Нікітченко Лілія
Published: April 2024

The article defines the place of research activity in teaching biology in general secondary education, characterizes the components of research activity. The role and possibilities of research activity in the study of biology in the New Ukrainian School are shown. The purpose of the article was to find out the place of research activities during biology lessons in the context of STEM education and its place in school biology education. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical - processing of scientific sources, determining the place of research activity as a component of school biology education; empirical - observation, study of research results, which ensured the determination of the place of research activity in the study of biology at school. The study analyzed model biology programs and determined the place of research tasks in them. The advantages and disadvantages of using research tasks in the study of biology in general secondary education are clarified. It is substantiated that in STEM education, the student becomes not a customer of knowledge but a consumer, and the role of the teacher changes accordingly - he or she becomes a mentor, explaining how to use the potential of technology for their own needs and the needs of society. According to this system of education, the lesson is centered on a research and practical task that needs to be solved, not the teacher as it was before. It is clarified that the main role in teaching biology in general secondary education institutions, and, accordingly, in the training of students - future biology teachers, is played by the introduction of STEM education, which has a practical orientation and includes solving the problems of training an education applicant who is aware of his social responsibility, systematically improves personal and professional growth, and reaches new pedagogical heights.
Практичні роботи як засіб реалізації діяльнісного підходу під час навчання біології в старшій школі на профільному рівні
Authors: Москаленко Микола , Міронець Людмила
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the problem of forming subject competence in the application of an activity-based approach to the study of biology in high school. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify and substantiate specific examples of the application of the activity approach in the course of practical work in biology in the 10th grade of high school at the specialized level. It is shown that the current stage is preparatory to the implementation of the education reform in Ukraine (New Ukrainian School) in high school. Research methods: theoretical (analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparison, etc.), which were used to identify the peculiarities of using practical work in high school biology lessons; empirical (pedagogical observation) - to finalize the conclusions and prospects for further research. It is indicated that practical work in biology, provided in the school curriculum for grades 10-11 at the specialized level, provides ample opportunities for the formation of skills and abilities necessary for life in modern society. The article identifies the topics of specific practical works from the general list of them in the school curriculum in the topics "Introduction" and "Biodiversity". The possible ways and methodology of their implementation for the effective formation of subject competence in biology are shown. The implementation of these practical works involves the analytical activity of students, their identification of important components in the general array of biological information, the use of various sources and means to obtain information with the subsequent critical assessment of their reliability. It is recommended to use a number of modern mobile applications that simplify the process of plant identification - Plant Identifier & Care, Planti: Plant Care, Lovely: plants care journal, etc. The article notes that the practical work "Calculation of basic statistical indicators for comparing the variability of biological objects" is the basis for the formation of critical thinking skills and the application of the method of scientific knowledge, which is defined in the school curriculum as the expected learning outcomes. The author emphasizes the expediency of using the group method of teaching during practical work not only for the effective implementation of the activity approach, but also for the formation of students' communicative competence. The examples and methodology of performing certain practical works given in the article will help teachers to effectively use the activity approach to achieve the expected results of teaching biology to high school students at the profile level.
BARTER AND SOCIAL REGENERATION IN THE ARGENTINEAN ANDES
Authors: Angé Olivia
Published: April 2024

Despite the pervasiveness of barter across societies, this mode of transaction has largely escaped the anthropologist’s gaze. Drawing on data from fairs in the Argentinean Andes, this book addresses a local modality of barter known as cambio. Bringing out its embeddedness within religious celebrations, it argues that cambio is practiced as a sacrifice to catholic figures and local ancestors, thereby challenging a widespread view of barter as a non-monetary form of commodity exchange. This ethnography of Andean barter considers processes of value creation, both economic and subjective, to further our understanding of how social groups create themselves through economic exchanges.
SCREENED ENCOUNTERS
Authors: Moine Caroline
Published: April 2024

Established in 1955, the Leipzig International Documentary Film Festival became a central arena for staging the cultural politics of the German Democratic Republic, both domestically and in relation to West Germany and the rest of the world. Screened Encounters represents the definitive history of this key event, recounting the political and artistic exchanges it enabled from its founding until German unification, and tracing the outsize influence it exerted on international cultural relations during the Cold War.
THE WHEEL OF AUTONOMY
Authors: Girke Felix
Published: April 2024

How do the Kara, a small population residing on the eastern bank of the Omo River in southern Ethiopia, manage to be neither annexed nor exterminated by any of the larger groups that surround them? Through the theoretical lens of rhetoric, this book offers an interactionalist analysis of how the Kara negotiate ethnic and non-ethnic differences among themselves, the relations with their various neighbors, and eventually their integration in the Ethiopian state. The model of the “Wheel of Autonomy” captures the interplay of distinction, agency and autonomy that drives these dynamics and offers an innovative perspective on social relations.
ALL OR NONE
Authors: Sánchez Hall Alison
Published: April 2024

At once a social history and anthropological study of the world’s oldest voluntary collective farms, All or None is a story of how landless laborers joined together in Ravenna, Italy to acquire land, sometimes by occupying private land in what they called a “strike in reverse,” and how they developed sophisticated land use plans, based not only on the goal of profit, but on the human value of providing work where none was available. It addresses the question of the viability of cooperative enterprise as a potential solution for displaced workers, and as a more humane alternative to capitalist agribusiness.
"Red Plafond" in the Far Hall of Ignatievskaya Cave: New Documentation”
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg, Russia), Shirokov Vladimir N.
Published: April 2024

In 1980, V.T. Petrin, S.E. Chairkin and V.N. Shirokov discovered Upper Paleolithic images in Ignatievskaya Cave. Valery Petrin's expedition was exploring the site from 1980 to 1986. Since 1995, Vladimir Shirokov has been continuously researching the cave. The final monograph by Valery Petrin was issued in Russian in 1992 and displayed only black & white photographs, contact copies and sketches of ancient drawings made with a scale grid. Later in 1997, this monograph was published overseas in French and complemented with several additional color photographs. Since 1995, shooting color negative and positive films has become more affordable. A selection of a significant number of frame-by-frame slides by V.N. Shirokov and V.E. Shchelinsky from Ignatievskaya, Kapova and Muradymovskaya 2 caves was published in Germany in 1999 as a book about Paleolithic rock art of the Southern Urals. In Russia in 2013, a monograph with color illustrations was published to tell about the decorated Southern Ural caves of the Upper Paleolithic. However, it displayed only the results of time-lapse photography. Significant sections, such as the Red Panel and the Black Panel (names given by V.T. Petrin) from the Far Hall of the cave, were copied from the sketches using a scale grid. Currently, the shortcomings of these copies can be corrected by combining time-lapse mosaic and photogrammetric surveys of the ceiling sections in Far Hall of Ignatievskaya Cave. The ‘panel’ on the ceiling should be names ‘plafond’, therefore the article suggests changing the name of the Red Panel to the Red Plafond. Graphic patterns and graphic units were counted in this location of the ceiling of the Far Hall. In total, according to the new documentation, there are 163 graphic units on the Red Plafond. In 2018 a Canon D6 camera with a Tokina 16-28/F2,8 lens was used to make photographs. The interior and drawings in the Far Hall were illuminated by LED panels that do not emit thermal radiation. Better visualization of the pictorial patterns and their color filtering was ensured with Adobe Photoshop® and ImageJ with the DStretch® plugin.
Types of Chiselings in Rock Art of Besov Nos Cape, Onega Lake
Authors:   Institute of the History of Material Culture RAS (Russian Federation, St. Pererburg), Fedorova Daria N. , Girya Evgene Yu. ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture RAS (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)
Published: April 2024

The article presents the findings of the first experimental trace evidence research of the central group of petroglyphs found at the Besov Nos cape in the Onega Lake. The subject of this research is chiselings of the central group of petroglyphs detected at the Besov Nos cape. The group includes 171 images. It is the first time such a method is used to research the rock art of the selected area. To create the reference base the study implied all necessary types of experiments and used both the most locally typical materials and some unconventional ones. The research used 11 types of crude materials to create chiseling tools. The course of materials implied modelling of three ways for creating petroglyphs, such as direct picketage, indirect picketage and polishing. The study is focused on all informative chiselings in their variations. Eventually it is concluded that there are actual traces of at least two techniques for applying images to the rock surface. In the first case the study outlines images that could only be made with metal tools without using stone tools. Most of the images found at the Besov Nos cape at the Onega Lake are assigned to this category. In the second case the study outlines images that could only be made with stone tools without using metal ones. This type covers a lower percentage of the images; these images mainly represent swans.
Stone Tools of the Eneolithic Complex of Pyakupur3 Settlement (North Taiga Zone of Western Siberia)
Authors:   Federal Research Center Tyumen Scientific Center SB RAS Tyumen, Russia., Skochina \Svetlana N. , Poshekhonova Olga E. ,   Federal Research Center Tyumen Scientific Center SB RAS Tyumen, Russia
Published: April 2024

The article studies stone tools defined out of a mixed cultural deposit of Pyakupur 3 settlement dated back to the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age and situated in the North taiga zone of the Western Siberia. To date the stone industry of Eneolithic region is described only generally. Therefore, any new data would be overly relevant, and morphology and functional description of the tools would be in particular. The purpose of the study is to determine distinctive parameters of splitting products and stone industry tools of the Eneolithic complex of Pyakupur 3 settlement. Pursuant thereto objectives of the study were formulated: planigraphic and raw material analysis of stone items to form a set for the defined period; typological research of the selected items; functional analysis of the tools’ intended use. As the result of the comprehensive approach the study defined basic features and functional intended use of the stone tools used by the settlers during the Eneolithic. The trace evidence analysis uses previously determined universal sets of traces adapted for the studies materials. These sets are applied to each find assuming that they are potentially used tools. To verify trace evidence observations experiments were conducted. The experiments aimed at using quartz tools for wood scraping and skin treatment. The determined raw material complex motivates the nature of the industry in Pyakupur 3 during the Eneolithic. The study revealed several techniques for obtaining tools blanks based on properties of various rocks. Depending on the target of the technology, tool production relied on two techniques of stone processing. The first one is primary (prismatic and counter-impact) splitting and secondary processing (retouching and polishing). The determined Pyakupur complex is fragmental due to a limited set of item types with a distinct morphology, and these items do not form a sustainable series. There is a minor but distinctive and specific group formed with cutters on chips of flint and quartz, chisel-shaped tools which can be related to рiece esquillées. This can be interpreted as an authentic feature of the settlement’s stone industry. The tool kit is rather mediocre, however it demonstrates nearly all the elements of the management & production cycle of the settlement. It included hunting, prey butchering, stone processing, tanning, wood and bone crafts. Despite of a low representativeness of the Pyakupur tool set morphology, the stone tools are related to the slate 7 quartz industry common for the taiga zone of the Western Siberia.
OPTIMAL DOSAGE AND DURATION OF TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS. ARE APPROVED GUIDELINES ALWAYS CORRECT?
Authors: Krasavina M.A. , Moiseenko V.M.
Published: April 2024

Recently pharmaceutical industry significantly influences medical community and healthcare system, especially in the oncology. It is notably expressed in manipulating clinical studies results, surrogate endpoints (profression-free survival, objective responce rate) usage, not usually converting into overall survival or quality of life increasing, imposition of profitable approaches to the medical community, approval of unreasonable dosage regimes. For the noval anti-tumor drugs the old principle of maximum tolerated dose is still used despite its original development for cytostatic agents. This approach looks questionable for targeted or checkpoint inhibitors therapy in the absence of linear dose-efficacy curve. Nowadays we have a huge amount of preclinical and clinical data that suggest opportunity of low-dose targeted or immune therapy, with longer cycles of therapy and shorter treatment courses without loss of efficacy. It is essential to provide government support for further research and establish higher responsibility for pharmaceutical industry.
Is it possible to get survival benefit in advanced malignant tumors? (data from trials, critical aspects)
Authors: Semenova A.I.
Published: April 2024

Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) remains an aggressive disease with low survival rates. Platinum-based chemotherapy has remained the standard of care in the first-line setting for decades. Data from two randomized phase III studies are considered as a practice-changing options. After the negative results of the KEYNOTE-361 and IMvigor 130 trials, the combination of nivolumab with platinum-based chemotherapy followed by nivolumab maintenance (the CheckMate 901 trial) has demonstrated improvement in both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The combination of enfortumab vetodin (EV) and pembrolizumab in the first-line setting (the EV-302 study) significantly prolonged PFS and OS in the overall population and in all subgroups. These results support EV and pembrolizumab combination as a new standard in previously untreated locally advanced and metastatic UC.
PENGARUH LITERASI EKONOMI, GAYA HIDUP TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMTIF PESERTA DIDIK SMA KEMALA BHAYANGKARI KUBU RAYA
Authors: Yuliarti Vani , Syahrudin Husni , Syamsuri Syamsuri , Ulfah Maria , Kuswanti Heni
Published: April 2024

Uncontrolled consumption behavior can cause various problems, including a lifestyle that follows trends and the latest things which triggers unnecessary or excessive purchases. Good economic literacy can help individuals understand wise financial management to reduce negative consumer behavior. This research aims to determine the influence of economic literacy and lifestyle on the consumer behavior of class XI students at SMA Kemala Bhayangkari 1 Kubu Raya. This research uses Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial Least Square (PLS) approach and uses SmartPLS 3.0 software with quantitative form. The research data came from class XI students at SMA Kemala Bhayangkari 1 Kubu Raya, and the data was obtained using a questionnaire. The research sample used was 48 students. The hypothesis tests used in this research are the Chi-square test and the t test. The hypothesis tests used in this research are the Chi-square test and the t test. The results of this research show that economic literacy has a significant influence on consumer behavior; Lifestyle has a significant influence on consumer behavior; Economic literacy has a significant influence on lifestyle and economic literacy has a significant influence on consumer behavior through lifestyle
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA
Authors: Hurint Paskalis Kristoforus Deka , Prayekti Prayekti , Subiyanto Didik
Published: April 2024

Human Resources is a determining factor in the success of an organization. Democratic leadership style can influence aspects of organizational life. Work motivation can encourage employees to do their work well. An important factor in improving performance is the work environment, where the creation of an effective work environment can increase job satisfaction within the organization. The purpose of this research is to analyze and determine the influence of democratic leadership style, work environment, and work motivation on job satisfaction at the regional secretariat of East Flores Regency. The research design used in this research uses casual research with a quantitative approach. Primary data in this research is data obtained through the results of questionnaires distributed to employees and measured using a Likert scale. The population in this study were 144 employees working in the East Flores Regency regional secretariat office with a research sample of 59 people taken using the accidental sampling technique. Data is processed and analyzed through validity, reliability, classical assumption tests, and multiple regression analysis. The research results show that there is a positive and significant influence of democratic leadership style and work motivation on work satisfaction. However, work environment variables do not affect job satisfaction.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA, KOMPENSASI, MOTIVASI INTRINSIK DAN KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS TERHADAP LOYALITAS KARYAWAN
Authors: Zunaidi Zunaidi , Prayekti Prayekti , Septyarini Epsilandri
Published: April 2024

Human resources can be said to be internal suppliers who play a very important role in producing goods or services. The loyalty of employees in an organization is absolutely necessary for the success of the organization itself. Having quality human resources and having high loyalty to the company can empower its resources effectively, efficiently and productively. This research aims to determine the influence of democratic leadership style, intrinsic motivation, compensation and work environment on employee loyalty. This research is quantitative. The population in the study was 50 employees. The sampling technique used in this research was a saturated sample (census). Data were collected using a questionnaire, data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, multiple linear regression, classical assumption tests, normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, T-tests and F-tests. From the results of this research, the work environment influences employee loyalty. Compensation has no significant effect on the employee loyalty variable. Intrinsic motivation influences employee loyalty. Leadership style influences employee loyalty. Simultaneously, the influence of the work environment, compensation, intrinsic motivation and democratic leadership on employee loyalty has a positive and significant effect.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI LOKAL PADA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS VII SMP DI KOTA SINTANG
Authors: Suriyanti Yulia , Relita Dessy Triana , Thoharudin Munawar , Sore Avelius Dominggus
Published: April 2024

The success of education, whose main goal is to increase human resources, is influenced by various factors. Factors that influence participation in this success are the teacher's ability to carry out and utilize assessments, evaluation processes and learning outcomes. The development of LKPD is part of printed teaching materials which serve as a guide, complement or means of supporting the implementation of learning plans in the form of worksheets containing material, summaries and instructions for implementing learning tasks that must be carried out by students, including solving and solving activities. problems through experimentation. This research uses research and development methods. This research design uses a 4-D development model, namely defining, designing, developing, disseminating. Research instruments include observation sheets, questionnaires and tests. Analysis of the resulting data is processed using descriptive percentages. From this research, it can be concluded that the LKPD based on Local Economic Empowerment that was developed is suitable for use for social studies learning, namely at SMP Nusantara Indah Sintang, SMP Panca Setya 2 Sintang and SMP Negeri 1 Sintang 86% are in the very appropriate category. The percentage of student responses in the very interested category was 65,71% and teacher responses in the very interested category were 83,33%.