bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantic-empowered visible light communication for image transmission based on deep convolutional generative adversarial network
Authors: Chen Wenbin , Ren Tianzheng , Yuan Tianxing , Han Dahai , Yang Chuan , Luo Meiling , Ju Cheng , Zhang Min , Wang Danshi
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a semantic communication-based scheme was proposed to tackle the optimization challenge of transmission efficiency and link stability in indoor visible light communication (VLC) systems utilizing light-emitting diodes for image transmission. The semantic model, established by deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) and vector quantization method, can effectively extract the essential characteristics of images. In addition, indoor VLC channel models including line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) links are established in a 5*5*3 room, while incorporating noise interference encountered during signal transmission into the training process of the semantic model to enhance its anti-interference capability. Besides, the performance disparity between the semantic VLC system and the conventional VLC system using Better Portable Graphics (BPG) is assessed across various modulation formats, transmission distances, and receiving locations. The simulation results demonstrate that the semantic VLC system effectively enhances link stability and achieves a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain exceeding 6 dB. Additionally, the semantic VLC system achieves superior performance compared to the conventional VLC system employing convolutional code at a rate of 1/2, without incurring additional bits consumption for error correction. Moreover, the practicality of the semantic VLC system is experimentally validated on an indoor physical testbed online enabled by the field programmable gate array (FPGA) with up to 1 Gbps data rate. In comparison with existing schemes, the semantic VLC system effectively reduces communication overhead by 40% while maintaining similar received image quality. Furthermore, it significantly enlarges the communication coverage of the VLC system by a factor of two without necessitating any hardware modifications and ensures stable transmission of images in high-speed scenarios.
Transmission anomalies in 2D photonic crystals from the checkerboard family: from broken to hidden symmetries and plasmon “spoofing”
Authors: Dodge T. , Schiller M. , Yi R. , Naughton M. J. , Kempa K.
Published: August 2024

In a field representation, the main symmetry of the electromagnetic response of complementary metal film structures is described by the Babinet principle, which is expected to be strictly obeyed by structures in vanishingly thin films of a perfect electric conductor. On the other hand, a softer version of this based on transmittance, the transmittance Babinet principle (TBP), is not so restrictive. The goal of this work is to study how severely this broken symmetry affects the optical response of such structures. We consider two geometrically distinct series of planar complementary structures from the checkerboard family: regular and bowtie. The self-complementary structure of these series is known to be very singular and breaks even the rigorous Babinet principle. Here, we study complete simulated transmittance spectral maps (T-Maps), which accumulate the whole spectral response of an entire series of structures in a single plot. The ab initio simulated T-Maps of these 2D photonic crystals were simulated for linearly polarized waves propagating perpendicular to these planar structures, made in a vanishingly thin film of a perfect electric conductor. While we confirm the expected long wavelength validity of the TBP, we show that in the frequency range where diffraction effects dominate, the standard derivation of the TBP no longer applies, and with the help of our T-Maps, we demonstrate a total collapse of the TBP in the structures considered. We show that this broken symmetry practically eliminates all but one transmission band on the hole side of the T-Maps and that the remaining strong band is a “spoof” plasmon, free of multiple frequency replicas, an important feature for optical filter applications. In addition, by symmetry arguments and simulations, we discovered that the T-Maps for bowtie and doubled-period regular structures are identical. We discuss how this hidden symmetry can benefit various applications by providing a convenient scaling, whereby simplified structures can deliver a tailored response.
Low duty cycle pulsed UV technique for spectroscopy of aluminum monochloride
Authors: Liu Li-Ren , Kendrick Brian K. , Hemmerling Boerge
Published: August 2024

We present what we believe to be a novel technique to minimize UV-induced damage in experiments that employ second-harmonic generation cavities. The principle of our approach is to reduce the duty cycle of the UV light as much as possible to prolong the lifetime of the used optics. The low duty cycle is achieved by ramping the cavity into resonance for a short time during the experimental cycle when the light is used and tuning it to an off-resonant state otherwise. The necessary fast ramp and length-stabilization control of the cavity is implemented with the FPGA-based STEMlab platform. We demonstrate the utility of this method by measuring the isotope shift of the electronic transition (X1Σ ← A1Π) in AlCl at 261.5 nm in a pulsed molecular beam experiment.
Light control and optical path design method for stabilized zoom systems based on deformable mirrors
Authors: Tian Yuxuan , Cheng Xuemin , Hao Qun
Published: August 2024

We extend the design methodology for stabilized zoom systems by analyzing the stable convergence of singular points in the solution region for image plane shift compensation and continuous zooming. Using lens group magnification as key parameters, we analyze the stability of singular points related to the descending gradient of the zoom equation and the positions of extremum points within the solution region. These singular points and their solution regions are identified and correspond to solutions of specific optical path structures. With the acquired solution region clusters, we can ensure the performance of stabilized zoom systems and prevent optical performance degradation, especially when a specific zoom ratio is required.
High-resolution SAR optoelectronic processor based on sensor-less adaptive optics
Authors: Zhang Enhua , Zhang Haiyu , Yan Hao , Wang Duo , Wang Kaizhi
Published: August 2024

Studying phase error is central to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) research. Phase error due to the real motion status of the SAR platform and propagation effects can reduce the utility of high-resolution SAR images even with theoretical estimation-based phase error correction. Adaptive optics (AO) can be used to correct optical aberrations. This study proposes an advanced, high-resolution SAR optoelectronic processor by integrating conventional processors with sensor-less AO techniques. This processor provides accurate adaptive phase error correction capabilities. The processing results of SAR echo data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in adaptive phase error correction and imaging improvement.
A hybrid TCN-GRU model for classifying human activities using smartphone inertial signals
Authors: Raja Sekaran Sarmela , Pang Ying Han , You Lim Zheng , Yin Ooi Shih
Published: August 2024

Recognising human activities using smart devices has led to countless inventions in various domains like healthcare, security, sports, etc. Sensor-based human activity recognition (HAR), especially smartphone-based HAR, has become popular among the research community due to lightweight computation and user privacy protection. Deep learning models are the most preferred solutions in developing smartphone-based HAR as they can automatically capture salient and distinctive features from input signals and classify them into respective activity classes. However, in most cases, the architecture of these models needs to be deep and complex for better classification performance. Furthermore, training these models requires extensive computational resources. Hence, this research proposes a hybrid lightweight model that integrates an enhanced Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) with Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) layers for salient spatiotemporal feature extraction without tedious manual feature extraction. Essentially, dilations are incorporated into each convolutional kernel in the TCN-GRU model to extend the kernel’s field of view without imposing additional model parameters. Moreover, fewer short filters are applied for each convolutional layer to alleviate excess parameters. Despite reducing computational cost, the proposed model utilises dilations, residual connections, and GRU layers for longer-term time dependency modelling by retaining longer implicit features of the input inertial sequences throughout training to provide sufficient information for future prediction. The performance of the TCN-GRU model is verified on two benchmark smartphone-based HAR databases, i.e., UCI HAR and UniMiB SHAR. The model attains promising accuracy in recognising human activities with 97.25% on UCI HAR and 93.51% on UniMiB SHAR. Since the current study exclusively works on the inertial signals captured by smartphones, future studies will explore the generalisation of the proposed TCN-GRU across diverse datasets, including various sensor types, to ensure its adaptability across different applications.
Assessing the impact of the Physician Payments Sunshine Act on pharmaceutical companies’ payments to physicians
Authors: Cheng Sherri , Duan Wenjing , Zhou Wenqi
Published: August 2024

Enacted in 2010 as part of the Affordable Care Act, the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (PPSA) mandates transparency in financial interactions between pharmaceutical companies and healthcare providers. This study investigates the PPSA’s effectiveness and its impact on industry payments to physicians. Utilizing ProPublica and Open Payments databases, a difference-in-difference analysis was conducted across ten states. Results reveal a significant reduction in pharmaceutical companies’ meal-related payments post-PPSA, impacting both the total payment amount and the number of unique physicians reached. Conversely, travel payments showed no significant impact in the primary analysis. However, subsequent analyses revealed nuanced reductions in the number of unique physicians reached, highlighting a more intricate relationship wherein pharmaceutical companies likely adjusted their financial interaction strategies with physicians differently across states. State-level variations in meals further underscore the complexity of PPSA’s influence. This pioneering research contributes valuable empirical evidence, addressing gaps in prior studies and emphasizing the ongoing need for policy assessment to guide industry-physician relationships.
A small protein encoded by PCBP1-AS1 is identified as a key regulator of influenza virus replication via enhancing autophagy
Authors: Chi Xiaojuan , Huang Guiying , Wang Liwei , Zhang Xinge , Liu Jiayin , Yin Zhihui , Guo Guijie , Chen Yuhai , Wang Song , Chen Ji-Long
Published: August 2024

Many annotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contain small open reading frames (sORFs), some of which have been demonstrated to encode small proteins or micropeptides with fundamental biological importance. However, functions of lncRNAs-encoded small proteins or micropeptides in viral pathogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified a 110-amino acid small protein as a key regulator of influenza A virus (IAV) replication. This small protein that we call PESP was encoded by the putative lncRNA PCBP1-AS1. It was observed that both PCBP1-AS1 and PESP were significantly upregulated by IAV infection. Furthermore, they were markedly induced by treatment with either type I or type III interferon. Overexpression of either PCBP1-AS1 or PESP alone significantly enhanced IAV replication. In contrast, shRNA-mediated knockdown of PCBP1-AS1 or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PESP markedly inhibited the viral production. Moreover, the targeted deletion or mutation of the sORF within the PCBP1-AS1 transcript, which resulted in the disruption of PESP expression, significantly diminished the capacity of PCBP1-AS1 to enhance IAV replication, underscoring the indispensable role of PESP in the facilitation of IAV replication by PCBP1-AS1. Interestingly, overexpression of PESP enhanced the IAV-induced autophagy by increasing the expression of ATG7, an essential autophagy effector enzyme. We also found that the 7–22 amino acids at the N-terminus of PESP were crucial for its functionality in modulating ATG7 expression and action as an enhancer of IAV replication. Additionally, HSP90AA1, a protein identified previously as a facilitator of autophagy, was found to interact with PESP, resulting in the stabilization of PESP and consequently an increase in the production of IAV. These data reveal a critical lncRNA-encoded small protein that is induced and exploited by IAV during its infection, and provide a significant insight into IAV-host interaction network.
Influence of Grit, Emotional Labor and Job Embeddedness on Retention Intention among Emergency Room Nurses
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ji Il Hoon , Choi Yoon Jeong
Published: August 2024

This descriptive survey study aimed to identify the factors influencing the retention intentions of emergency room nurses. The participants were 150 emergency room nurses of six general hospitals. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression using SPSS Statistics 25.0. Job embeddedness (β=0.42, p<.001) and the type of emergency room, specifically regional emergency medical center (β=0.22, p=.037), were significant factors affecting retention intention among these nurses. These variables explained 29% of the variance in retention intention (F=7.21, p<.001). The study results provide basic data for exploring ways to improve the retention intention of emergency room nurses. Future research is recommended to identify the factors influencing job embeddedness and examine the differences in retention intention among emergency room nurses based on the type and region of the emergency room.
The Impact Caregiver’ Job Stress on the Safety Management Activities in Elderly Care Facilities: Mediating Effect of TMX(Team-Member Exchange)
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Shim Sun-Kyung , Lee Seo-Young
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to analyze the impact of job stress and TMX on safety management activities among caregivers. This study targeted caregivers in elderly care facilities. sending out a total of 515 questionnaires via postal mail to 103 facilities. The returned questionnaires totaled 272 from 56 institutions. The survey period lasted from September to the end of December 2022, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression methods with SPSS 25.0 software. The analysis revealed that job stress among caregivers had a negative impact on safety management activities and TMX. Furthermore, it was confirmed that TMX positively influenced safety management activities by mediating job stress. Based on these findings, practical recommendations were provided to enhance safety management activities and alleviate job stress.
Mediating Effect of Calling on the Relationship between Experience of Violence and Job Satisfaction among Care Workers
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Sun Mi , Lee Su Young , Jung Yeo Joo
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to verify the mediating effect of calling in the relationship between the experiences of violence and job satisfaction and to find ways to improve job satisfaction among care workers. For this purpose, the data from 558 care workers were analyzed. For data analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were conducted using the SPSS 27.0. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed using Baron & Kenny(1986)'s three-step method to examine the mediating effects and the statistical significance verification of the mediating effect was confirmed through the Sobel Test. The research results are as follows. First, the experience of violence had a negative effect on the calling. Second, the experience of violence had a negative effect on job satisfaction. Third, the calling partially mediated the effect of violence experiences on job satisfaction. Based on these results, measures were discussed to reduce the experience of violence and improve calling and job satisfaction of care workers.
Exploring Directions for Establishing Forest Fire Containment Lines through Forest Fire Spread Prediction Simulations: A Case Study of 2022 Uljin-Samcheok Wildfire
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Nam Gyun , Yeom Chan Ho , Kwon Chun Geun
Published: August 2024

In this study, the extent of forest fire damage over time was predicted through numerical simulations for the 2022 Uljin-Samcheok forest fire. Also, the area of suppressed forest fire spread through firefighting efforts was checked and compared with the simulated forest fire spread area. Furthermore, a discussion was conducted regarding the establishment method of forest fire containment lines. The simulation results showed that the area is vulnerable to forest fires because it is composed of rugged terrain and pine forests. If there had been no response to the forest fire, it is estimated that approximately 102.3 km² of forest area would have been affected within 29 hours, resulting in significant socio-economic losses due to damage to the nuclear power plant. In the event of large forest fires, it is necessary to establish containment lines along roads to protect lives and critical national infrastructure. Moreover, it is advisable to organize these containment lines into two stages: larger sections utilizing national and local roads, and smaller sections utilizing provincial and forest roads.
Development of an Evaluation System for Water Resources Social Services in the Lake Daecheong Watershed
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Seung Wook , Maeng Seung Jin , Kim Han Sol , Jung Yong Bae , Kim Da Ye
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the water quality in the Daecheong Lake basin. This evaluation calculates indicators through preliminary studies, and for the analysis of results according to each indicator, statistical analysis was conducted through SPSS after collecting basic data over the past 10 years. For basic water and social service data, the basin area of tributary rivers was calculated by dividing the area where the GIS is located. Based on the basic data, the normality of distorted data was secured and standardized, and the final index was calculated through a suitability review after factor analysis using the SPSS program. For the calculated indicators, the weights suitable for the study were calculated and compared, the final weights were selected and the index calculation and scoring were conducted. Finally, the evaluation methodology of water social service and the evaluation results for the realization of water welfare were presented. The evaluation of water social services through this study will help minimize the negative impact on the preservation and development of river values by continuously monitoring changes in the river environment.
Development of Project Based Learning E-Modules with Local Wisdom Content in Grade IV Science Lessons (IPAS)
Authors: Delimanugari Daluti
Published: August 2024

This research is based on developing a learning media product. E-modules developed to meet the needs of learning resources. The objectives and significance of this research to understand the entire procedure of developing project-based E-modules with local wisdom content for Grade IV Natural and Social Sciences in MI/SD. The process of creating the e-modules should be explained in detail, based on the type intended for use in the research. This will allow us to determine the suitability of the e-module product, making it useful for teachers and students who utilize the product. Secondly, to ascertain the responses provided by both teachers and students when using the project-based E-module product with local wisdom content. These responses will be valuable in assessing students' interest in self-directed learning using the product. Additionally, understanding teachers' responses when using the product can facilitate the teaching process and address any challenges that arise. Therefore, this research aims to uncover the responses generated. This e-module is expected to be able to attract attention and be independent in learning so as to add to the learning experience and have knowledge about local wisdom in the area. This study uses a development research design, which uses the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the study show that the results of the validation trials of media experts and material experts mean that the average percentage score is 77% with valid criteria used but needs revision. The results of user trials get a percentage score of 82.4% with valid criteria used but need revision.
Game-Based Development Using the Hannafin and Peck Model for the Tajwid’s Learning Media
Authors: Nazliati  , Rita Sari  , Alfiatunnur
Published: August 2024

The pedagogical imperative to enhance Tajweed proficiency, a fundamental Islamic educational tenet, necessitates innovative teaching methodologies, especially for learners at the concrete operational stage. This study introduces "Ludo Listas Tajwid" (Lolita), a pioneering game-based educational media designed to ameliorate the learning trajectory of Tajweed. The research developed and evaluated Lolita to ascertain its efficacy and applicability in the pedagogical domain of Quranic recitation. Utilizing the Research and Development (R&D) approach, underpinned by the Hannafin and Peck model, the study meticulously orchestrated the media development phases, incorporating design, development, and evaluation stages. The methodology entailed a comprehensive descriptive data analysis to delineate the media development steps and substantiate its educational value. This iterative process facilitated the refinement and validation of Lolita, ensuring its alignment with educational standards and learning objectives. The findings revealed that Lolita substantially ameliorated the Tajweed learning experience, evidenced by high validation scores: 88% for media, 90.7% for content, and 80% for language proficiency. These metrics underscore the media's pedagogical soundness and its consonance with Tajweed learning objectives. The implications of this research are multifaceted, extending beyond the immediate educational setting. Lolita's success illustrates the potential of game-based learning platforms in engaging students more effectively in religious education, thereby enhancing their learning outcomes. However, the study acknowledges its limitations, including the specific focus on learners in the concrete operational stage and the need for broader empirical validation across varied educational contexts.. The study recommends further research to explore Lolita's scalability and its impact on long-term learning outcomes, aiming to establish a robust evidence base for game-based learning in religious education.
A REVIEW OF AUDIT DEVELOPMENTS IN IRAN
Authors: Tasaddi Kari Mohammad Javad , Azadi Hir Keyhan , Rezazadeh Javad , Kheradyar Sina
Published: August 2024

Considering the role and importance of the auditing profession, the present research has reviewed the developments of auditing and finding the root causes of its lack of development in Iran. After studying the relevant research literature and identifying the factors affecting the development of audit services at the international level, the root cause of this backwardness was investigated. The results show that the role of Limperg's Dynamic Theory, Legal Requirements of Mautz and Sharaf, and Adam Smith's Theory of Division of Labor are effective on this issue. Also, the development of international trade, the formation of online work teams, sanctions, advertising; Creating a demand for auditing services, establishing standards and regulatory laws, requiring the development of various skills, forming institutions that establish, implement and oversee various services; Benefiting from expert forces in various sciences, development of human knowledge, etc., can lead to the development of the assurance services market.
GOING CONCERN AUDIT OPINION: IS IT AFFECTED BY BUSINESS RISK AND INTERNAL CONTROL?
Authors: Mulyana Dendi , Widarsono Agus , Apandi R. Nelly Nur
Published: August 2024

The auditor issues a going concern audit opinion based on concerns about the future viability of a company's operations that may be influenced by external responses. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of business risk, comprising firm size, leverage, and mass media coverage, as well as company internal control, which comprises training activities and internal auditors, on the going concern audit opinion. The research was carried out on 111 companies listed on the IDX's special surveillance board as a sample. In this study, quantitative methodologies with descriptive and causal methods are implemented. Hypothesis testing using logistical regression analysis. The results show that leverage and mass media coverage respectively have a positive influence on the going concern audit opinion, whereas the firm size, training activities, and internal auditor respectively have no influence on the going concern audit opinion.
Acute Pancreatitis Is Associated with Ser608Leu iNOS Polymorphism
Authors: Özhan Gul , Sari F. M. , Vefai M. , Yanar H. T. , Alpertunga B.
Published: August 2024

Acute pancreatitis is an initially localized inflammation of the pancreatic gland. The precise mechanisms by which aetiological factors induce acute pancreatitis are not yet known, but when initiated, common inflammatory pathways seem to be involved, with cytokines being their components of major importance. The inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (iNOS) encodes an enzyme involved in the pathway of reactive oxygen species and induced in response to infection, cytokines. iNOS is capable of generating large quantities of nitric oxide produced during inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between acute pancreatitis risk and iNOS polymorphisms. The studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were Ser608Leu, resulting in an amino acid substitution, and 1173C/T and 954G/C, both in the gene promoter region that is linked to increased enzyme expression, leading to higher NO production. The genotypes for the three SNPs were determined in 93 patients with acute pancreatitis and 60 controls without pancreatitis or cancer that were matched for age and gender. Data analysis was done by conditional logistic regression. It was found that the Ser608Leu polymorphism was more frequent among cases with acute pancreatitis compared to controls (OR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.49–5.57; P = 0.002), although no individually statistically significant associations for the other SNPs studied were detected. We suggest that iNOS Ser608Leu can be used as a marker to define the risk of acute pancreatitis.
Pozyskanie Giovanniego Mavera dla polonistyki włoskiej
Authors: Rabenda Marcin
Published: August 2024

The subject of the article is an attempt at recreating, based on source material, the initial contacts of the renowned Slavist Giovanni Maver with the studies of Polish literature in Poland and the community around two scholars in Polish literature: Stanisław Kot and Roman Pollak.
Roman Pollak w świetle korespondencji z Bogdanem Zakrzewskim
Authors: Lijewska Elżbieta
Published: August 2024

The article presents an image of professor Roman Pollak based on a collection of letters from Bogdan Zakrzewski (from the Archive of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznan), Pollak’s letters to the former student of his (since 2013, held in the Special Archive of the Ossoliński National Institute) and the reminiscences of Barbara Zakrzewska (in particular, the ones not published before the fall of communism in Poland). The analysis of the subject material presents a portrait of the professor as a renowned teacher, a demanding and kind lecturer, an open-minded scientist passionate especially about the Polish-Italian relationships and a skilled organiser of academic life who remained independent under the communist regime. The article emphasises the importance of the correspondence between the two professors for understanding the history of early postwar and subsequent Polish studies in Poznan and Wrocław, the history of “Pamiętnik Literacki” (Literary Memoir) and other research of both scholars. It also underscores the value of the analysed letters for determining the fate of those who graduated from Polish studies in Poznań thanks to the fact that professor Pollak maintained contacts with them after their graduation and supported them later in life.
Listy Romana Pollaka do Natalii Tułasiewicz (1942–1943)
Authors: Ćwiklińska Zuzanna , Lewandowska Agata , Tyl Magdalena
Published: August 2024

The article is an editorial work that includes twelve letters written by professor Roman Pollak to his former student, Natalia Tułasiewicz, during World War II, which are currently part of the Tułasiewicz Family Archive in Poznan. The introduction summarises Tułasiewicz’s biography and describes her relationship with the professor; during the war, they both left Poznan and lived in a number of places, attempting to maintain the relationship. The article also concisely outlines the history of the University of the Western Lands in which Roman Pollak was involved at the time of his correspondence with Natalia Tułasiewicz.
Roman Pollak – współtwórca oddziału Towarzystwa Dante Alighieri w Poznaniu (1927–1939)
Authors: Henczel Ligia
Published: August 2024

As an attempt at presenting the social work of professor Roman Pollak in the interwar period, this article provides an analysis of the documents held by the Polish-Italian cultural organisation Polonia-Italia in Poznań. What emerges is an image of an exceptionally active person, well-organised and driven by the constant will to pass on the knowledge of Poland’s and Italy’s cultural legacy by means of scientific, publishing and popularising initiatives.
The feet of orthogonal Buekenhout–Metz unitals
Authors: Barwick S.G. , Jackson W.-A. , Wild P.
Published: August 2024

In this article we look at the geometric structure of the feet of an orthogonal Buekenhout–Metz unital 𝓤 in PG(2, q
2). We show that the feet of each point form a set of type (0, 1, 2, 4). Further, we discuss the structure of any 4-secants, and determine exactly when the feet form an arc.
Some aspects of normal curve on smooth surface under isometry
Authors: Singh Kuljeet , Sharma Sandeep , Bhardwaj Arun Kumar
Published: August 2024

The normal curve is a space curve that plays an important role in the field of differential geometry. This research focuses on analyzing the properties of normal curves on smooth immersed surfaces, considering their invariance under isometric transformations. The primary contribution of this article is to explore the requirements for the image of a normal curve that preserves its invariance under isometric transformations. In this article, we investigate the invariant condition for the component of the position vector of the normal curves under isometry and compute the expression for the normal and geodesic curvature of such curves. Moreover, it has been investigated that the geodesic curvature and Christoffel symbols remain unchanged under the isometry of surfaces in

R

3

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}

.
Derivation of Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer conticrete inequalities for Atangana-Baleanu fractional integrals by means of majorization
Authors: Wu Shanhe , Khan Muhammad Adil , Faisal Shah , Saeed Tareq , Nwaeze Eze R.
Published: August 2024

This article is mainly concerned to link the Hermite-Hadamard and the Jensen-Mercer inequalities by using majorization theory and fractional calculus. We derive the Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer-type inequalities in conticrete form, which serve as both discrete and continuous inequalities at the same time, for majorized tuples in the framework of the famous Atangana-Baleanu fractional operators. Also, the main inequalities encompass the previously established inequalities as special cases. Using generalized Mercer’s inequality, we also investigate the weighted forms of our major inequalities for certain monotonic tuples. Furthermore, the derivation of new integral identities enables us to construct bounds for the discrepancy of the terms concerning the main results. These bounds are constructed by incorporating the convexity of

∣
f
′
∣

| f^{\prime} |

and

∣
f
′
∣

q

(

q
>
1

)

{| f^{\prime} | }^{q}\hspace{0.33em}\left(q\gt 1)

and making use of power mean and Hölder inequalities along with the established identities.
Decreasing and complete monotonicity of functions defined by derivatives of completely monotonic function involving trigamma function
Authors: Yin Hong-Ping , Han Ling-Xiong , Qi Feng
Published: August 2024

In this study, using convolution theorem of the Laplace transforms, a monotonicity rule for the ratio of two Laplace transforms, Bernstein’s theorem for completely monotonic functions, and other analytic techniques, the authors verify decreasing property of a ratio between three derivatives of a function involving trigamma function and find the necessary and sufficient conditions for a function defined by three derivatives of a function involving trigamma function to be completely monotonic. These results confirm previous guesses posed by Qi and generalize the corresponding known conclusions.
Unveiling Connections between Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and Delinquency Proneness: Analysing the General Strain Theory
Authors: Punia Poonam , Jangra Swati , Phor Manju
Published: August 2024

Background/objective

The present study explored the correlation between different types of stress (acute and chronic) and the influence of their negative emotional manifestations on delinquent tendencies in adolescent students. Within the framework of the general strain theory, the study aims to analyse the intermediary role of depression in the relationship between anxiety and stress. This study investigated the relationship between stress, anxiety, depression, and delinquency proneness in adolescent school students in Sonepat, India.

Methods and materials

The present study utilised the descriptive survey method. Data were collected using standardised questionnaires based on self-reporting. Anxiety depression and stress scale and delinquency proneness scale were used to collect data from a sample of 200 students aged between 14 and 18 years from various schools in the district.

Results

The comparison (using independent t-test) revealed that levels of anxiety (t = −1.683, p = 0.094), depression (t = −0.196, p = 0.845), and delinquency proneness (t = −1.348, p = 0.179) were not significantly different between males and females, with the exception of stress (t = −2.929, p = 0.004). Furthermore, results of the Pearson product-moment correlation indicated a significant positive association between stress, anxiety, depression, and delinquency proneness. Regression analysis results showed that stress, anxiety, and depression have a significant effect on delinquency proneness (F(3, 196) = 28.2, p < 0.001). It further indicated that stress, anxiety, and depression cause 29.1% variation in delinquency proneness. In addition, results of mediation analysis showed that depression mediates the relationship between anxiety and delinquency proneness (accounts for 82.1% mediation). Furthermore, depression also mediates the relationship between stress and delinquency proneness (accounts for 74.5% mediation).

Conclusions

The results support the general strain theory, which posits that strain (anxiety and stress) can lead to delinquency proneness, which is mediated by depression. Research shows that delinquency proneness, depression, and stress are prevalent among adolescents. To prevent juvenile delinquency, effective intervention programs should focus on equipping young people with interpersonal skills and coping strategies.
An examination of responses to ageist jokes
Authors: Miczo Nathan
Published: August 2024

Ageist humor is an everyday way that negative social attitudes (i.e., ageism) are circulated. Advances in the study of disparagement humor (prejudiced norm theory, the justification-suppression model) were utilized to examine responses to ageist humor in two studies. Study 1, comparing ageist and sexist comments, found no differences in perceived funniness between statements and jokes, though jokes were seen as less offensive and more confrontation-worthy. Participants believed they would be more offended by the statements than others. To the extent they found statements funny, participants believed the messages conveyed less offense to self and others, and that the statements were not worthy of confrontation, but thought others would believe they were. Older individuals found statements less funny and believed others would have negative reactions. Study 2 found no differences in funniness ratings for jokes targeting older and younger age groups. Two responses to the joke-teller emerged: challenge (including direct and indirect responses) and support (laughing or verbally expressing joke funniness). Funniness and joke-teller identification positively predicted both challenge and support, while experiencing negative emotion predicted more challenge and less support. Once again, age was associated with less funniness, as well as less identification, support, and challenge, but more negative emotion.
Exploring anesthetic-induced gene expression changes and immune cell dynamics in atrial tissue post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Bao Mengmeng , Wu Anshi
Published: August 2024

Background

This study leverages the GSE4386 dataset, obtained from atrial tissue samples post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, to investigate the impact of anesthetic agents (sevoflurane and propofol) on gene expression and immune cell infiltration.

Methods

Hierarchical clustering and box plots were employed for dataset preprocessing, highlighting a significant outlier (sample GSM99282), subsequently removed to ensure data integrity. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using volcano plots based on specific log-fold-change and P-value thresholds. Additional analyses included the Friends approach, Spearman’s correlation, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), exploring functional annotations and pathways.

Results

Heatmaps and bubble plots depicted DEGs, revealing distinct expression patterns between the sevoflurane and propofol groups. Friends analysis identified top genes based on log fold changes, further correlated using Spearman’s method. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses illustrated functional annotations of DEGs, while GSEA highlighted enriched biological categories. Immune cell infiltration analysis showcased varied cellular presence post-CABG. ESTIMATE algorithm scores demonstrated differences in immune, stroma, and estimate scores. Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCPcounter) revealed an increased abundance of cytotoxic lymphocytes in the sevoflurane group, confirmed by a single sample GSEA. CIBERSORT algorithm identified distinct immune cell compositions, highlighting differences in macrophage M0 prevalence between sevoflurane and propofol groups.

Conclusions

This comprehensive analysis provides insights into anesthetic-induced gene expression changes and immune cell dynamics in atrial tissue post-CABG surgery. The identified DEGs and immune cell compositions offer potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for refining anesthetic strategies in cardiac surgeries.
Popularização da ciência e gêneros discursivos: uma possibilidade de ensino em Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Maria Moreira Tânia
Published: August 2024

Nas últimas décadas, embora se observe uma expansão do número de ações relacionadas à popularização da ciência no Brasil, ampla parcela da população ainda está sem acesso à educação científica (Moreira, 2006). Os avanços científicos são conhecidos em círculos restritos e estão distantes da vida diária dos indivíduos (Oliveira, 2005). Diante dessa realidade, tem-se por objetivo apresentar um programa para fomentar o letramento científico em uma escola técnica. Nesse trabalho, popularização da ciência é entendida como um processo de transposição das ideias contidas em textos científicos para os meios de comunicação populares (Muller, 2002), visando conectar a população não especialista com o discurso da ciência. A linguagem é trabalhada sob a ótica dos estudos de gêneros discursivos e o ensino sob a perspectiva de “A RODA”(Cope; Kalantzis, 1993). Entende-se que, mediante o ensino explícito da linguagem e de um ciclo de atividades didáticas, o aluno poderá desconstruir e produzir subsequentemente textos.
Exigência de gêneros textuais nas provas de redação da UFCG
Authors: Maria da Silva Elizabeth , Lino de Araújo Denise
Published: August 2024

Tendo em vista que algumas instituições, a exemplo da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), vem requisitando, na prova de redação, a escrita de um gênero textual e não mais da dissertação, tradicionalmente solicitada na escola e na maioria dos vestibulares, este trabalho tem como principal objetivo descrever e analisar as provas de redação aplicadas nos vestibulares da UFCG em 2007. Os dados, analisados a partir dos estudos de letramento (Barton; Hamilton, 2000; Gee, 2000; Vóvio; Souza, 2005), indicaram que as práticas letradas escolares parecem não ser suficientes para que os candidatos demonstrem as práticas exigidas por tais provas, visto que outros letramentos, como o midiático, também são exigidos.
O papel da estimulação precoce e da escolarização na constituição do sujeito-leitor cego: um estudo de caso
Authors: Lima Vilas Boas Ludmilla , Patrícia Ataíde Ferreira Sandra
Published: August 2024

Objetivou-se nesse estudo averiguar as mediações entre um aluno cego e as práticas de leitura favorecidas pela família e pela escola/professor(a); verificar a influência de uma estimulação precoce adequada, favorecida pela família para o processo de aprendizagem da leitura em Braille; e averiguar o papel da escola/professor na constituição do sujeito-leitor cego. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com um aluno cego, do 1º ano do Ensino Médio, de uma escola regular do Recife; como também, com sua mãe e suas professoras. Analiticamente, utilizou-se a proposta de núcleos de significação, cujo processo de apreensão de sentidos e significados ocorreu por meio da sistematização de pré-indicadores, indicadores e núcleos de significação. Assim, foi possível verificar como a falta de uma estimulação tátil no âmbito familiar exerce influência negativa nos hábitos de leitura do participante, ao mesmo tempo em que destacou-se o importante papel da escola para promover a aprendizagem do Braille.
Metodologia, abordagem e pedagogias de ensino de língua(s)
Authors: Borges Elaine Ferreira do Vale
Published: August 2024

Este artigo objetiva discutir os significados de conceitos recorrentes na subárea Ensino-Aprendizagem de LE/L2, na Linguística Aplicada, tais como metodologia, planejamento e pedagogia de ensino de línguas e suas relações com outros, como abordagem e paradigma. A discussão se insere na divisão que se faz neste campo de estudos entre as “eras” dos métodos, das abordagens e do pós-método e traz considerações, sobre o tema em questão, de renomados expoentes na área (Richards; Rodgers, 1982, 2001; Prabhu, 1987, 1990; Kumaravadivelu, 1994, 2001;  Almeida Filho, 1997, 2005).  A visão sobre as similaridades conceituais entre os termos paradigma (Kuhn, 1962) e abordagem (Anthony, 1963), desenvolvida em Borges (2009), acrescenta a esta discussão uma dimensão importante no que se refere à distinção entre os termos abordagem e metodologia.
Valorização do professor? Uma leitura resistente de um texto unidirecional
Authors: Reis Simone
Published: August 2024

Este artigo oferece uma leitura resistente de um texto unidirecional do Ministério da Educação, que foi televisionado em 2009 e ainda está disponível na internet sob o termo de busca “campanha de valorização do professor”. Com suporte da Análise Crítica do Discurso e dos conceitos da Linguística Cognitiva denominados realidade e interação fictivas, identificam-se recursos discursivos na composição persuasiva do texto. Analisa-se o posicionamento que o texto faz de seu público e argumenta-se que este é um exercício implícito de poder político e social que limita e cria possibilidades existenciais e identitárias da sociedade. Enquanto leitura resistente, a contribuição deste artigo se dirige à área de estudos do Letramento Crítico, que, entre seus objetivos, vislumbra a construção de uma sociedade crítica.
Das Recht der Financial Influencer (Finfluencer)
Authors: Möslein Florian , Jetzen Moritz
Published: August 2024

Auf Social Media-Plattformen finden sich zunehmend auch Tipps zu Anlagemöglichkeiten und Finanzprodukten. Sog. Financial Influencer oder „Finfluencer“ informieren über Finanzthemen und geben Ratschläge zu Geldanlagen, Sparstrategien und Altersvorsorge. Die Politik erkennt Gefahren und fordert stärkere Regulierung. Indessen unterliegt die Tätigkeit von Finfluencern bereits im geltenden Recht zahlreichen Normvorgaben, die in so unterschiedlichen Rechtsgebieten wie Presse- und Medienrecht oder im Wettbewerbs- bzw. Lauterkeitsrecht verortet sind, sich aber vor allem auch im Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht finden. Die Regelungsintensität hängt u. a. von der Frage ab, ob Finfluencer trotz gewichtiger Unterschiede zu klassischen Journalisten in den Schutzbereich der europäischen Meinungs- und Pressefreiheit des Art. 11 GRCh fallen, weil in diesem Fall eine Privilegierung durch das sog. Journalisten- bzw. Medienprivileg des Art. 21 MAR in Betracht kommt.
Hornification in commercial chemical pulps: Dependence on drying temperature
Authors: Sjöstrand Björn , Karlsson Carl-Anton , Barbier Christophe , Henriksson Gunnar
Published: August 2024

Hornification is a well-known phenomenon describing what happens during the drying of lignocellulosic materials, often within and between cellulosic pulp fibers. For wood fibers used in papermaking, this phenomenon decreases fiber wall swelling, and internal and external fibrillation. It reduces flexibility of damp fibers, which leads to a diminished ability to form effective fiber networks, resulting in lower paper strength. This work investigates how drying temperature affects the changes in fiber morphology, connects this to the changes in sheet behavior, and proposes a combination of bonding mechanisms for hornification. Results show that hornification depends on drying temperature; higher temperature gives higher degrees of hornification with decreased WRV of about half the numerical value, from 1.5 g/g for never-dried pulp to 0.7 g/g for hardwood pulp samples. Higher temperatures, above 100°C, also change the pulp color, as measured by increased yellowness. Decreased swelling capacity and pulp yellowness are connected. This indicates parallel reactions, which both contribute to hornification. The mechanisms are proposed to be chains of hydrogen bonds, dominating at low temperatures and providing no color change, and dehydration reactions via pyrolysis, giving a yellow-to-brown color shift. Compression strength measurements show that major hornification adversely affects sheet strength due to poor network bonding. However, minor hornification can be beneficial for applications where compression strength is an important parameter.