bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOS APORTES DE HANNA ARENDT A LA TEORÍA DEL ESTADO EN SU OBRA LOS ORÍGENES DEL TOTALITARISMO
Authors: Derpic Salazar Gisela
Published: August 2021

La Teoría del Estado, parte de la filosofía política, es el puente entre ésta y el derecho en función de la esencia de la norma constitucional, producto del vínculo real entre ambos desde su concepción hasta su promulgación, fundamento de su estudio en las carreras de Derecho. Como es propio de toda la filosofía, el discurrir de su reflexión gira en torno a preguntas de muy larga data, de alcance profundo y con el mayor grado de generalidad, provocadoras de un sinfín de respuestas, relativas e insuficientes, siempre. Se ha estudiado la obra “Los orígenes del totalitarismo” de Hanna Arendt en busca de algunas de tales preguntas y respuestas a propósito del objeto de su abordaje: el vástago de la dramática crisis estructural explosionada en el periodo de cierre/apertura de los siglos XIX y XX, el totalitarismo, calificado por Salvador Ginés en el prólogo como “un régimen distinto de toda dictadura y despotismo anteriores; es el único “régimen verdaderamente nuevo de la modernidad”.
NPO、公私協力與地方創生
Authors: 林淑馨 林淑馨
Published: August 2021

本書嘗試從公私協力的角度來觀察在社會福利、教育、災害防救，甚至是新興的地方創生議題中，公部門與非營利組織或是民間企業的協力現況與問題。近幾年來，臺灣社會面臨許多亟待解決的公共課題，例如高齡照護需求增加、公共托育不足、地方經濟衰退與人口老化等，在在都顯現出面對多元公共服務的需求與不斷增加的公共支出，公私協力似已成為一個必然的發展方向。尤其是非營利組織，因具有不以營利、公益的特質，更容易成為公部門在選擇協力夥伴時的最佳選擇。只不過，在各項議題的協力過程中，非僅是僵化的遵循契約規範運作，有時在突發的救災情況下，公部門和非營利組織究竟該如何協力，才能各自發揮所長，發揮一加一大於二的雙乘效果，乃是在推動公私協力議題時必須審慎思考的課題。因此，作者期望藉由本書能喚起政府部門和非營利組織、民間企業對此議題的認知與瞭解，從而建構一個更友善、有效率的協力環境。
Desecrating the Sacred: Linguistic Appropriation of Nagô Expressions and the Articulation of Religious Repression in Salvador, Brazil
Authors: Washington Adrienne Ronee
Published: August 2021

Comprehensively understanding religious repression requires a critical examination of discursive-linguistic practices, given that language is a semiotic resource for ritual practice and negotiations of religious identity. Language has also been weaponized within colonial domination and religious subjugation because of how religious and linguistic practices intersect. This article explores linguistic appropriation as part of the symbolic and material(ized) violence that represses African-matrix religions. Focusing on Salvador, Brazil, I analyze cases of linguistic-spiritual appropriation wherein commercial industries and evangelical Christians adopt Nagô/Yoruba expressions derived from African-matrix liturgical registers and reshape them to the detriment of their source communities. This investigation highlights how kindred ideological processes, like evangelicalism and the national projects of mestiçagem and democracia racial, become entextualized and reconstituted through discursive processes. It demonstrates the paradox of socially and politically dominant groups co-opting, commodifying, and capitalizing on the very ritual practices and institutions that they restrict, malign, and criminalize.
INCENTIVO A LEITURA NAS SÉRIES INICIAIS POR MEIO DA LITERATURA INFANTIL
Authors: NASCIMENTO LILIANE
Published: August 2021

A leitura, além de despertar a reflexão e a curiosidade, promove a capacidade crítica e reflexiva do ser humano, portanto, deve ser estimulada desde as séries inicias, uma vez que é papel da escola permitir que a criança conheça o mundo encantado dos livros, para isso os professores devem servir de elo entre alunos e livros. Antes, porém, é importante que desmistifiquemos o que realmente é leitura e qual sua função social.
ARTE AFRICANA
Authors: DIAS FERRAZ THAÍS
Published: August 2021

A riqueza cultural do continente africano reflete a sua antiga história e é tão diversificada quanto foi a sua natureza ao longo dos anos. O dia a dia das centenas de tribos lá existentes é fortemente marcado por algum segmento artístico. A pequena tribo Ndebele da África do Sul destaca-se com seus grafismos simétricos de cores intensas que estampam casas, roupas, muros e objetos decorativos. Esther Mahlangu foi pioneira ao colocar todo o colorido de Ndebele em telas e a cruzar o oceano para tornar suas obras mundialmente conhecidas.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS ARTES VISUAIS NA APRENDIZAGEM E DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS CRIANÇAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: DE ARAÚJO ANDRESA
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo levar os docentes atuantes na educação infantil a uma reflexão sobre a importância que o trabalho com artes visuais tem na aprendizagem e desenvolvimento das crianças nesta etapa escolar. As artes visuais promovem o desenvolvimento afetivo, cognitivo e motor por meio das diferentes linguagens e meios utilizados nos trabalhos artísticos e em sua apreciação, no entanto muitas vezes não lhe é dada a devida importância no trabalho com as crianças pequenas, surgindo a necessidade de as instituições escolares promoverem formações específicas a fim de capacitarem os docentes da infância para trabalharem a temática na educação infantil. Apresentaremos aqui atividades possíveis de serem realizadas na educação infantil que visam proporcionar uma educação visual necessária para que desde cedo as crianças adquiram o gosto pelas artes. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi o método utilizado como base de estudo para a elaboração desse trabalho e como referência foi utilizada além dos documentos legais que tratam da temática das artes visuais, autores renomados como Barbosa, Fusari e Ferraz.
O LÚDICO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E O DESENVOLVIMENTO INTELECTUAL
Authors: Rebouças de Sales Carneiro Débora
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho busca compreender como a relevância da atividade lúdica na educação infantil e como esta, pode ser útil no desenvolvimento intelectual da criança nos primeiros anos escolares. Abordar o lúdico no ensino infantil é compreender que na infância, é o período no qual deve acontecer a maior carga de estímulos para a criança adquirir novas aprendizagens. A atividade lúdica se faz representar por diversos meios, como na literatura infantil, na música, nos jogos e brincadeiras, sendo um universo rico e amplo em possibilidades para o ensino infantil. A ludicidade faz parte do cotidiano da criança desde os primeiros momentos de sua vida, contribui positivamente para a adaptação no ambiente escolar, no aspecto afetivo, socialização e crescimento na classe. Dessa forma, ao se utilizar da ludicidade no ensino infantil, é compreender que por meio desta, a criança se encontra naquilo que tenha significado em seu desempenho escolar, construindo conhecimento e estabelecendo relações sociais com o mundo à sua volta. No ensino infantil, a atividade lúdica orientada, aproxima o aluno do seu contexto familiar e de sua própria identidade, por isso a importância dessa atividade para o aprendizado do aluno, deve ser incentivada pelo professor e toda a equipe escolar. O lúdico contribui para desenvolvimento integral do aluno, e mediante deste, sua aprendizagem é complementada e aperfeiçoados os seus conhecimentos. Dessa forma, pode-se afirmar que brincando, o aluno proporciona condições de aprendizagem reais e vivencia junto com os colegas, momentos de interação com a classe e com a comunidade escolar.
NEUROCIÊNCIA, APRENDIZAGEM E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: SANTOS SILVA ELISÂNGELA
Published: August 2021

A Neurociência é uma área da ciência relativamente nova, que estuda o cérebro e o sistema nervoso. Com diversas questões em levantamento, uma das abordagens da neurociência são os processos envolvidos na aprendizagem. Quando falamos de educação e aprendizagem, falamos de processos neurais. Como o cérebro aprende? Como as redes neurais são estabelecidas no momento da aprendizagem? Esses são alguns dos pontos que a Neurociência procura responder.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: ELOISA SALOMÃO MARIA
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a alfabetização e o letramento em tempos de pandemia, momento que obriga milhões de crianças a ficarem longe da escola presencial. Também se propõe a analisar a possibilidade de uma educação híbrida em um futuro próximo, pois a discussão sobre esse modelo de educação já vinha sendo realizada nos últimos anos. Para que a reflexão seja clara, é necessário trazer os conceitos de alfabetização e letramento, que se completam, mas não possuem a mesma identidade. Contextualizar os métodos de educação, uma celeuma sempre presente nos meios educacionais. Com o respaldo de Wallon e Vygotsky, uma análise da afetividade e da socialização ou falta delas durante o distanciamento social é um aspecto envolvido na educação remota. Atualizar os números do analfabetismo e do analfabetismo funcional são importantes para termos uma visão dos problemas que já eram realidade e que podem se agravar diante da atual situação. A educação, como um todo, carece de soluções rápidas e eficazes atualmente. A alfabetização e o letramento, a primeira uma tecnologia, o segundo um processo, se destacam dentro do cenário educacional, pois são a base, o ponto de partida para um caminhar seguro na vida escolar.
O ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA NO PERÍODO INTEGRAL
Authors: ALVES LACERDA BARBOSA SUELI
Published: August 2021

O ensino fundamental na escola tem como objetivo oferecer maiores oportunidades de aprendizagem aos alunos. Na História o aluno deverá apresentar uma reflexão e debates sobre a importância dos conteúdos curriculares na vida dos estudos, de forma que eles estimulem o conhecimento histórico. No que tange o período do ensino fundamental, se torna relevante considerar que os conteúdos mais adequados para cada etapa de vida devem ser estudados com cautela, para evidenciar e desenvolver as habilidades individuais de cada um nas referidas etapas de vida. Pode-se verificar que a Geografia assim como a História tem um papel fundamental na educação brasileira e que o currículo foi transformado durante os tempos, para que fossem adaptadas as realidades atuais.
A condição da mulher privada de liberdade: um estudo de caso a partir da vivência de uma egressa da cadeia pública de Guarapuava
Authors: Maciel Tailan Cristina , Raue Rodrigues Vanessa Elisabete
Published: August 2021

A presente investigação busca, por meio de um estudo de caso realizado com uma egressa da Cadeia Pública de Guarapuava, no estado do Paraná, compreender as relações de poder, violação de direitos e a condição da mulher privada de liberdade. O estudo proposto teve como instrumento uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado de discussões aplicado a uma egressa da Cadeia Pública de Guarapuava, selecionada a partir de uma aproximação feita no ano de 2019. O intuito foi apontar os anseios vivenciados pelas mulheres nas unidades prisionais e suas considerações frente às disposições impostas pelo encarceramento. Dadas as premissas da problemática, considera-se a educação como um instrumento para promoção da autonomia da mulher presa na luta pela garantia dos direitos.
O todo e as partes – a forma ensaio e seu significado sociológico no pensamento de Georg Simmel e Walter Benjamin
Authors: Santos Wanderson Barbosa dos
Published: August 2021

Este artigo aborda sociologicamente a questão da forma ensaística nas obras de Georg Simmel e Walter Benjamin e seu papel para a interpretação do moderno. Em Simmel o ensaio incorpora a dinâmica dualista de sua sociologia, em razão de propor no confronto do duplo-olhar, um movimento entre interioridade e exterioridade. Benjamin propõe uma apresentação filosófica que se dedique ao movimento das ideias. Nesse sentido, se posiciona de forma crítica às tentativas da ciência organizada em cristalizar o conhecimento no estatuto da fórmula. Da plasticidade da forma ensaística, sublinha-se as afinidades eletivas da forma do ensaio como meio de exposição de pensadores como Simmel, Benjamin, Siegfried Kracauer e Norbert Elias. O conceito que congrega os autores mencionados é o de constelação. A constelação indica uma linhagem intelectual que herda do pensamento simmeliano um procedimento adotado em investigações socio-filosóficas sobre a modernidade.
Trajetória de tornar-se: as experiências do cuidar de si a partir do Curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Carvalho Raysa
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as experiências de cuidar de si, vivenciadas pelas mulheres no curso de pedagogia da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Para isso, lançamos foco sobre a noção de cuidado de si, a partir de Michel Foucault, e também recorremos às teorias feministas do cuidado, buscando compreender de que modo as narrativas que permeiam o curso de pedagogia, como o discurso sobre cuidar como bem próprio da pedagogia e da mulher, lançam influências sobre os indivíduos, como estes conseguem transpor essas intervenções, viabilizam sua trajetória acadêmica e promovem o autogoverno. A partir da coleta e análise de dados empíricos, com entrevistas em profundidade e observação participante, alguns achados podem ser destacados como a crescente desnaturalização dos discursos de feminilização do cuidado e a recorrência às tecnologias de si como forma de resistência e reinvindicação de si mesmas.
Emprego, Trabalho e Renda no Brasil contemporâneo: desafios e potencialidades
Authors: Dums Matheus , Schmidt de Camargo Caroline
Published: August 2021

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a temática do Emprego, Trabalho e Renda, na situação atual do Brasil de Pandemia de Covid-19, demonstrando por meio de indicadores sociais a realidade e apontando o estado e criação de políticas públicas que impactem neste tema. Trata-se de uma análise teórico-crítica, pautada em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O artigo está configurado nos seguintes itens, são eles: Indicadores relacionados a Emprego, Trabalho e Renda; Breve histórico sobre a legislação acerca do Emprego, Trabalho e Renda; Dado dos Indicadores Sociais; Análise dos Dados; e Desafios e Potencialidades. Em suma, dos resultados da análise destaca-se que nesta crise social e econômica, o Estado com suas contrarreformas e atual gestão neoliberal, não garantem condições elementares para a vida humana, empobrecendo cada vez mais as camadas mais vulnerabilizadas da sociedade e aumentando a concentração de capital. O que impõe aos/às progressistas os desafios de sensibilizarem a população, se articularem e mobilizarem junto com esta, como forma de resistência e enfrentamento à contrarreforma do Estado, buscando qualidade de vida para todas as pessoas.
Um diálogo inacabado: clássicos e contemporâneos da sociologia
Authors: Miranda Gustavo Martins do Carmo
Published: August 2021

É sabido que há uma vasta literatura associando – de inúmeras formas – clássicos e contemporâneos da sociologia. Todavia, tal discussão ainda é pertinente e possibilita pensarmos em múltiplas possibilidades no universo acadêmico. Diante disto, este artigo estabeleceu uma conexão entre clássicos – Marx, Durkheim e Weber – e contemporâneos – Merton, Parsons, Freidson, Boltanski, Dahrendorf e Lenski –, através da noção das concepções sociológicas desenvolvidas pelos primeiros à luz dos segundos. Para realizar esta abordagem, foram usados conceitos de “concepção” e “modernidades múltiplas”, bem como a delimitação de “sociologia contemporânea”. Em termos de métodos, optou-se por uma revisão bibliográfica de fontes primárias e uma abordagem metateórica. Concluiu-se que esta análise adotada não é apenas válida, como também dialoga com estudos recentes que buscam relacionar os autores aqui abordado.
PENERAPAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN HAJI DAN UMRAH
Authors: Sugiyanti Endang
Published: August 2021

Learning design must be arranged systematically. In the Learning process, the teacher plays an important role in determining the success or failure of learning achievement. The selection of appropriate learning media is something that teachers need to pay attention to with the application of Audio Visual media to improve students' understanding in following the learning process on the subject of Jurisprudence and pilgrimage material. The formulation of the problem is: How is the application of Audio Visual media in increasing the activeness and learning outcomes of students in the subject of Jurisprudence and Umrah in MTs Negeri 28 Jakarta, in collecting data the author uses tests, observations and student responses. The results of the application of audio-visual media answered from the formulation of the problem where the application of audio-visual media on the learning of the material of hajj and umrah pilgrimage has achieved success. Student learning outcomes in the fiqh learning of Hajj and Umrah material has reached its completeness with an average value of 88.09 with a percentage of 95.6% clearly visible improvement in learning outcomes after using audio-visual media has improved better.
CAPITALIZING ON LEAD IN STAGE TO NURTURE CRITICAL THINKING: AN ATTEMPT TO COMBAT FAKE NEWS FOR SCREENAGERS
Authors: Silvana Rini
Published: August 2021

The study aims at improving critical thinking skill of screenagers – students who frequently face their smartphone screens – to be more critical consumers of information in the Internet era. Technological advances have made the instantaneous access to information possible. However, valid information exists in the same context as the fake ones. The challenge now appears to be abilities to distinguish valid and fake information. Using a 10-minute critical thinking activities during the lead in stage as the action, the research explores how integrating critical thinking and problem solving in daily classroom activities help nurture students to be critical in the information coming to their social media accounts. To achieve the objectives, a classroom action research involving cycles of Planning, Acting, Observing, and Reflecting was conducted in an Islamic-based higher secondary school in Tangerang, Banten. This research utilized a teacher's journal, a questionnaire, and an interview guide for eliciting data. The data were analyzed descriptively and the results showed that students’ critical thinking skill improved from cycle 1 to cycle 2. Results from questionnaire showed that students could differentiate fact and opinion as well as analyze information on their screens. A focus-group interview supported students’ improvement on critical thinking skill highlighting that their ability to distinguish valid or fake information improved gradually. Innovative activities that involve teachers, students, and school policy makers with critical thinking skill improvement should be encouraged.
Effect of Salicylic AcidFormulations on Induced Plant Defense against Cassava Anthracnose Disease
Authors: Sangpueak Rungthip , Phansak Piyaporn , Thumanu Kanjana , Siriwong Supatcharee , Wongkaew Sopone , Buensanteai Natthiya
Published: August 2021

This study was to investigate defense mechanisms on cassava induced by salicylic acid formulation (SA) against anthracnose disease. Our results indicated that the SA could reduce anthracnose severity in cassava plants up to 33.3% under the greenhouse condition. The β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase enzyme activities were significantly increased at 24 hours after inoculation (HAI) and decrease at 48 HAI after Colletotrichum gloeosporioides challenge inoculation, respectively, for cassava treated with SA formulation. Synchrotron radiation–based Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy spectra revealed changes of the C=H stretching vibration (3,000-2,800 cm−1), pectin (1,740-1,700 cm−1), amide I protein (1,700-1,600 cm−1), amide II protein (1,600-1,500 cm−1), lignin (1,515 cm−1) as well as mainly C–O–C of polysaccharides (1,300-1,100 cm−1) in the leaf epidermal and mesophyll tissues treated with SA formulations, compared to those treated with fungicide carbendazim and distilled water after the challenged inoculation with C. gloeosporioides. The results indicate that biochemical changes in cassava leaf treated with SA played an important role in the enhancement of structural and chemical defense mechanisms leading to reduced anthracnose severity.
Incidence of Alternaria Species Associated with Watermelon Leaf Blight in Korea
Authors: Kwon Oh-Kyu , Jeong A-Ram , Jeong Yong-Jik , Kim Young-Ah , Shim Jaekyung , Jang Yoon Jeong , Lee Gung Pyo , Park Chang-Jin
Published: August 2021

Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most common diseases in watermelon worldwide. In Korea, however, the Alternaria species causing the watermelon leaf blight have not been investigated thoroughly. A total of 16 Alternaria isolates was recovered from diseased watermelon leaves with leaf blight symptoms, which were collected from 14 fields in Korea. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) were not competent to differentiate the Alternaria isolates. On the contrary, analysis of amplicon size of the histone H3 (HIS3) gene successfully differentiated the isolates into three Alternaria subgroups, and further sequence analysis of them identified three Alternaria spp. Alternaria tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata. Representative Alternaria isolates from three species induced dark brown leaf spot lesions on detached watermelon leaves, indicating that A. tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata are all causal agents of Alternaria leaf blight. Our results indicate that the Alternaria species associated watermelon leaf blight in Korea is more complex than reported previously. This is the first report regarding the population structure of Alternaria species causing watermelon leaf blight in Korea.
Pathogenicity Determinants of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Their Association to Its Aggressiveness on Brassica juncea
Authors: Gill Rupeet , Sandhu Prabhjodh S. , Sharma Sanjula , Sharma Pankaj
Published: August 2021

White rot or stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive fungal diseases that have become a serious threat to the successful cultivation of oilseed Brassicas. The study was designed with an aim to investigate the association between the pathogenic aggressiveness and pathogenicity determinants of this pathogen specifically in Brassica for the first time. For this, a total of 58 isolates of S. sclerotiorum from different geographical regions were collected and purified. These isolates were inoculated on a Brassica juncea cv. RL-1359 and they exhibited high level of variation in their disease progression. The isolates were grouped and then 24 isolates were selected for the biochemical analysis of pathogenicity determinants. The isolates varied significantly with respect to their total organic acids, oxalic acid production and pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase activity. The oxalic acid production corresponded to the disease progression of the isolates; the isolates with higher oxalic acid production were the more aggressive ones and vice-versa. This is, in our knowledge, the first study to establish a correlation between oxalic acid production and pathogenic aggressiveness of S. sclerotiorum on B. juncea. However, the pectinases’ enzyme activity did not follow the trend as of disease progression. These suggest an indispensable role of oxalic acid in pathogenicity of the fungus and the potential to be used as biochemical marker for preliminary assessment of pathogenic aggressiveness of various isolates before incorporating them in a breeding program.
Орчин үеийн Төв Азийн мал аж ахуй: Малын тухай ардын уламжлалт мэдлэг
Authors: М Хурметхан
Published: August 2021

Төв Азийн мал, мал аж ахуй, мал маллах арга технологи, ашиг шим орчин үеийн байдлыг тусган харуулсан.

English title: Modern Animal Husbandry in Central Asia: Traditional Folk Knowledge of Animals
Япончууд гэж хэн бэ?
Authors: Ц Онон
Published: August 2021

Энэхүү өгүүллээ япон хүний сэтгэлгээ, япон соёлын талаар 1948-2010 оны хооронд хэвлэгдсэн гадны болон японы судлаачдын гол судалгааны бүтээлийг авч үзэн, тэдгээрийн судалгааны үндсэн арга зүй, хүрсэн дүгнэлтийнх нь нийтлэг ба ялгаатай талыг тодруулахыг зорьсон болно. Ингээд өнөөг хүртэлх судалгааг арга зүйн талаас нь 1) харийн соёлтой харьцуулах аргаар япон соёлын байр суурийг тодорхойлохыг зорьсон, 2) бусад улс орны соёлыг өөртөө шингээн авсан арга замыг нь тайлбарлах аргаар япон соёл, япончуудын сэтгэлгээний онцлогийг тодруулахыг зорьсон, 3) гадны соёлын нөлөө харьцангуй бага туссан бүс нутгийн жишээгээр япончуудын соёл, сэтгэлгээний онцлогийг тодруулахыг зорьсон судалгаа хэмээн ангилан үзсэн бөгөөд дийлэнх судалгаанд япончуудыг дараах байдлаар нийтлэг дүгнэжээ гэж үзэж болохоор байна.

Өөрийгөө бодох гэсэн ойлголт тун сул, зөвхөн өөрийн хүчинд дулдуйдсан хувь хүн нийгэмд байр сууриа олоход хэцүү гэж ойлгож итгэдэг.

Харилцан зөвшилцөл, тэнцвэртэй байдал, нэг санаа гэсэн зарчмыг хатуу хэвшил болгон баримталдаг. Энэ нь нийгмийн тогтвортой байдал, нэгдмэл чанарыг хангахад гол тулгуур нь болдог.

 

Who is the Japanese?

Theory about the Japanese is a genre of texts that focus on issues of Japanese national and cultural identity by Japanese and by foreign scholars, journalists, and residents.

The concept became popular after World War II, initially including... books-and articles aiming to analyze, explain, or explore peculiarities of Japanese culture and mentality, usually by comparison with those of Europe and Western culture. Such texts share a general vision of what constitutes the uniqueness of Japan. Scholars commonly contribute to perspectives characteristic of the Japanese genre as follows:

Japanese psychology is defined by a particular cast of dependency wishes or desires that conduce to a unique form of human relationship.

Japanese social structures consistently remould human associations in terms of an archaic family or household model characterized by vertical relations. As a result, the individual cannot properly exist, since group will always prevail.
Status of the Textbooks Used by the Dentistry Students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran (2018)
Authors: Khavid Atefeh , Godiny Mostafa , Esmaielei Milad
Published: August 2021

Background: The inappropriate use of pamphlets rather than textbooks is an educational problem faced by most students. Note-taking and reading pamphlets rather than reading textbooks regardless of defects and shortcomings with their own structure cannot cover the required materials for students. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the status of the textbooks used by the dentistry students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on the students of the dentistry school of KUMS. In total, 148 students were selected via random sampling. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18. Results: In total, 67.6% of the students used the content presented by professors in the class, and only 2% used the original English textbooks of dentistry. The analysis of the priorities of the type of resource indicated that the highest frequency belonged to the use of printed pamphlets (55.4%), and the lowest frequency belonged to the use of printed versions and electronic audio files (0.7%). Additionally, evaluation of access to resources showed the maximum frequency of a group pamphlet to be 35.8%, while the lowest frequency belonged to the pamphlet prepared by others (2.7%). Conclusions: According to the results, the students showed great interest in note-taking and reading pamphlets rather than reading textbooks. The insufficient fluency of students in English, high costs of reference books, and a large amount of resources made the students more likely to use pamphlets.
Distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection for locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma: case report
Authors: Zanatto Renato Morato , Beato Patrícia Medeiros Milhomem , Vieira Maurício José , Passeri Celso Roberto
Published: August 2021

Long-term survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after surgery is still rare. One of the main reasons for unresectability is the tumor invasion of the main vessels, such as the celiac axis, common hepatic artery and superior mesenteric artery. The optimal management of these patients is controversial. Despite the challenges on the topic, we present a case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with invasion of the celiac axis treated with pancreatectomy and vascular resection plus perioperative chemoradiotherapy. After 30 months of follow-up, hepatic and peritoneal recurrence were identified. Palliative chemotherapy was administered until disease progression and death in March 2020. Surgical resection when used in selected patients, proved to be feasible with acceptable morbidity. Besides that, the aggressive surgical approach associated with multimodal schemes provided an improvement in disease-free and overall survival.
A spectacular tumor response of a giant axillary mass treated with SABR in a palliative scenario
Authors: Matsuura Fernando Kojo , Arruda Gustavo Viani , Neves Leonardo Vicente Fay , Faustino Alexandre Ciuffi , Hamamura Ana Carolina , Danelichen Anielle Freitas Bendo
Published: August 2021

A 67-year-old male patient with a massive left axillary metastasis from an occult primary tumor (OPT) treated by stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is presented. The patient had no clinical response to the initial chemotherapy treatment. Then, a SABR with a single fraction of 16Gy was performed. After SABR, a complete response was observed in the imaging exams after 3 months from the procedure. Currently, the patient is found with painfree, without any analgesic drug. The present case illustrates the importance of considering SABR in palliate care, even for a large tumor.
Physiotherapy in the context of palliative care in oncology: a pooled analysis
Authors: Canto Claudia Melo , Prestes Yandra Alves , Lucena Maria Gabriela de Andrade , Campos Hércules Lázaro Morais
Published: August 2021

Objective: To document the role of physiotherapy in the context of palliative care in cancer through an integrative literature review, as the prevalence and survival of cancer are increasing and physiotherapy can significantly contribute to the treatment of these patients. Methods: A search was made in the literature for scientific articles that substantiated the physiotherapist's role in palliative care in oncology, and an assessment of the methodological quality of the selected clinical trials. Results: Studies demonstrate positive results, as they propose effective protocols that mostly include exercises in different modalities associated or not with other resources such as PNF, TENS, manual therapy, ultrasound, thermotherapy, acupuncture, and oxygen therapy, which help in reducing symptoms such as cancer fatigue, pain, and dyspnea, improving the patient's quality of life. The average score for clinical trials was reasonably low. Conclusion: The results reaffirm the importance of physiotherapeutic interventions in cancer patients receiving palliative care.
An Examination of Social Factors that Impact Vessel Efficiency
Authors: Ballou Philip J.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we will investigate social factors that indirectly affect ship energy efficiency, intended or not. These include fleet management, charter party agreements, piracy, regulatory factors such as Emission Control Areas, port congestion and port awareness, economic factors such as cost of fuel and charter rates, and human factors (safety, comfort, attitude, and education). I call them “social factors” because they all have the characteristic of being created by our society, rather than being driven by the laws of physics. In comparison, physical factors include such things as hull and propeller design and condition, draft and trim, speed through water, engine state of tune, weather effects such as waves, wind and storms, ocean currents, and fuel quality. While optimizing for physical factors can lead to energy and cost reductions of 5-20%, focusing our attention on social factors can lead to even higher net savings, providing greater return on investment. First, we will review how social factors differ from physical ones. Then we will explore several social factors that affect operating efficiency that are frequently overlooked as having potential for optimization, or at least taken for granted as being unavoidable. Finally, we will examine specific social factors where existing technology, either as is or in modified form, may be applied toward realizing substantial return on investment in terms of operating costs, along with reductions of fuel consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions.
Vibration Control of Ships Superstructure using Tuned Liquid Column Damper
Authors: Khan Ayaz
Published: August 2021

For a direct unobstructed view over the ship bow, elevation of the bridge on top of deckhouse is required. With this deckhouse mounted over the engine room cavity, adequate structural stiffness is difficult to incorporate. The present study is intended to carry out a vibration control analysis using tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) which can be used against fore and aft vibration of superstructure. First stage analysis is done for the validation of proposed design of TLCD followed by comparative harmonic analysis of superstructure with and without TLCD, using finite element method.
An Elasto-Plastic Buckling Analysis Method for Ship Panel Structures
Authors: Lu Yining , Qi Enrong
Published: August 2021

An elasto-plastic method (EPM) for advanced buckling analysis of stiffened panels is proposed based on elastic large deflection theory and rigid plastic method considering initial imperfections, combined biaxial compression and lateral loads, and also five collapse modes. Comparative calculation on serial test models is conducted to verify the precision of EPM. Biaxial stress capacity curves of four typical stiffened panels are calculated using EPM and comparative analysis with the results of both PULS software and harmonized common structural rules (HCSR) method is also conducted. The results obtained indicate that EPM is able to address the effects of various factors including combined loading affecting the ultimate strength of stiffened panels.
Fatigue Crack Propagation of the Ship Structure in Random Sea Condition
Authors: Song Niu , Jun-wei Cao , Hui-long Ren , Guo-qing Feng
Published: August 2021

Fatigue damage is one of the main causes responsible for the destruction of ship structures. The traditional methods of the fatigue strength check are based on S-N curves and Miner linear cumulative damage rules. But different fatigue lives of the same node are obtained, because the disadvantages of S-N curves could not be avoided, such as neglect of initial objection of material. The method of fracture mechanics to assess the fatigue life of ship structures has become a trend now. According to the relevant fracture mechanics theory, this paper brings forward a set of methods on the fatigue life of ship structures under random sea state. This method takes into account the non-linear effect of stress distributed along the crack surface, and the stress intensity factor is calculated through the weight function method. The crack extension is calculated in each cycle of stress according to the stress response history of ship in actual sea state so as to attain the fatigue crack propagation life of ship structures in the random load.
Analysis of Load-out Design of Semisubmersible Production Platform Topside
Authors: Wang Qi , Zeng Ji , Zhang Wei , Yang Yong , Zhao Nan , Li Chunhui , Yin Yan
Published: August 2021

With the increase of offshore platform weight, the float-over method has been adopted for offshore installation. A major installation challenge is moving the large-scale topside of the platform safely onto a barge. Taking a deepwater semisubmersible production platform as an example, the wharf load-out and dock load-out methods were analyzed respectively. With regard to wharf load-out method, three transportation methods on land were discussed with emphasis on self-propelled modular transporters, sliding rail and track. The finite element method was used to analyze the stress and deformation results of the topside and stress state of bridges in three methods. It can be concluded that the track method was comparatively reasonable. The barge stowage plan during the load-out operation was studied as well. A hydraulic lifting platform was used in the dock load-out method. The barge was dragged into the dock, moored on the platform, and then the topside was skidded onto the barge through the track. In the end, a comparison was carried out between the wharf load-out and dock load-out method from the tooling design, environmental impact and safety point of view. This paper provides meaningful guidance for semisubmersible offshore installation.
Study on the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria of Surf-riding/Broaching Failure Mode
Authors: Feng Peiyuan , Shen Xingrong , Fan Sheming
Published: August 2021

A series of investigations on the vulnerability criteria for the surf-riding/broaching stability failure mode is conducted. First and foremost, free running model experiment of a purse seiner in severe following waves is performed to demonstrate the fatalness of surf-riding/broaching. The latest IMO proposal to assess broaching stability failure mode is then studied in detail. A numerical code with user interface is developed to facilitate sensitivity analyses and sample ship calculations. The appropriateness of the proposal is analyzed and its potential impact on ship design is discussed.
Cryogenic leakage risk analysis for FLNG and use of brittle crack arresting material as a risk mitigation measure
Authors: Usami Akio , Kishimoto Naohiko , Kusumoto Hiroki , Kaneko Fujio , Inoue Takehiro
Published: August 2021

Leakage of cryogenic fluid can bring diverse consequences within confined environment like FLNG. In particular, leakage from pressurized refrigerant system is expected to form cryogenic pool, which could initiate brittle fracture of the structure as well as violent evaporation of flammable gas. The authors put the series of different leakage scenarios under light and quantitatively analyzed the potential consequences in an attempt to provide overall pictures of this hazard yet to have been made clear so far. Further, use of brittle fracture arresting steel – a new strain of carbon steel produced through special TMCP technology – was explored on its potential to mitigate the risk.
A unique application and point of truth for Naval Architecture Calculations
Authors: Perez Rodrigo , Alonso Verónica
Published: August 2021

Many tools handle with the calculation of compartment definition, hydrostatics, intact and damage stability and power prediction, but these calculations are separated from the rest of ship CAD/CAM tools. Ship designers need to work closely with the shipyards, in a complex and distributed environment making necessary to have suitable tools at early design stages to ensure profitable projects.

Naval architecture is handled in FORAN with a revolutionary approach, where integration and advanced features are the relevant characteristics in a single and complete set of applications that are used in conjunction to other disciplines, from concept design to operation. This new approach groups the former modules for naval architecture available in FORAN from many years, is intuitive and user-friendly. The information is stored in a database instead of a wide set of files. As regards this feature, there are two different alternatives depending on the scope of the project. If the ship designer wants to calculate only naval architecture calculations, the solutions is based on a SQLITE database suitable for a standalone application. This approach benefits a ship design office, in the study of different design alternatives very quickly but having a complete control of them. The other option is integrating the Naval Architecture with the rest of FORAN design disciplines, in a single database based in Oracle. In this case, the great benefit comes from the single truth of data from concept design to operation, which ensures dramatically the reduction of errors and re-work. After the definition of compartments in 3D, by using a very fast application, the module guides the user through the naval architecture calculations with a tree of elements very intuitive, with powerful key algorithms and with a solid representation of spaces. The definition of the necessary entities to make any kind of calculation is very fast. For the intact stability a set of standard stability criteria is provided. It is based in a quick definition of loading conditions, initial situations, flooding conditions and compartment subdivisions. And for the evaluation of the damage stability a set of standard stability criteria are also provided, following deterministic and probabilistic approaches. With these tools any naval architect is able to make very fast all the necessary studies to assure the stability regulations are complied with.
Possibility of Air-Filled Rubber Membrane for Reducing Hull Exciting Pressure Induced by Propeller Cavitation
Authors: Lee Jeung-Hoon , Lee Kyung-Jun , Park Hyoung-Gil , Kim Jin-Hak , Kim Boo-Ki , Seo Jong-Soo
Published: August 2021

To mitigate hull excitation induced by propeller cavitation, our previous work proposed a single-nozzle air injection scheme based on the principle of acoustic destructive interference. Although inefficient energy consumption in a conventional air-carpet system with multiple nozzle array could be significantly reduced by the proposed method, its application was still hindered by the continuous usage of an air compressor and maintenance of the nozzle exposed to seawater. We, in this study, take advantage of the acoustic properties of rubber-like materials, which are similar to those of water. That is, a rubber layer existing at the water-to-air interface appears to be transparent in the propagation of acoustic waves. More specifically, a rubber membrane filled with air could be anticipated to act only the role of airpacking without influencing the desired acoustic phenomenon, i.e., destructive interference. Hence, the purpose of this work is to provide analytical evidence to prove that an air-filled rubber membrane is capable of replacing the previous effort of air-injection. A design strategy for tuning the frequency of destructive interference to an exciting frequency is also presented, which can be accomplished by adjusting the rubber membrane size. Finally, two experimental demonstrations conducted in a water tunnel verifies the validity of suggested scheme.
Prediction of First-Order Vessel Responses with Applications to Decision Support Systems
Authors: Nielsen Ulrik D. , Iseki Toshio
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a practical and simple approach for making vessel response predictions. Features of the procedure include a) predictions which are scaled so to better agree with corresponding true, future values to be measured at the time the predictions apply at; and b) predictions that are assigned an uncertainty measure to reflect a level of confidence. The approach is tested with full-scale data and the obtained results/predictions agree well with measured values. Potentially, the procedure is therefore very useful in future developments of general decision support systems.
Deflections on the Bottom of a Wedge-Shaped Hull due to Slamming Loads
Authors: Ikeda Christine
Published: August 2021

Slamming is an important design consideration for aluminum vehicles, which must endure repeated impact events when operating at high speed in waves. Preliminary results from an experimental study of a free-falling aluminum wedge hull is presented to measure the structural response of the bottom plate of a hull. A two-dimensional problem is considered, and pressures and strain are measured on the bottom plating near the centerline. Full-_eld strains will be measured using stereoscopic digital image correlation. The main focus of this paper is on the measurements of position, acceleration and pressure on the bottom plating of the wedge hull as well as calculations of velocity. This experiment is the start of a much larger research endeavor that will contribute to a deeper understanding of fluid-structure interaction of slamming.
Effect of Wind Loads on Heading Stability of FPSOs
Authors: Zangeneh Razieh , Thiagarajan Krish
Published: August 2021

Tanker vessels used for offshore oil production and storage are kept at station by turret mooring systems, enabling the vessel to weathervane in the direction of the dominant environmental loads. The disruption of heading equilibrium for a turret moored tanker was predicted by experiments and numerical studies. A vessel was observed to lose heading control in the head sea condition, due to a pitchfork bifurcation that was initiated at a critical wavelength of 0.73L (Thiagarajan et al. 2013). While previous studies focused on heading instability in waves only, the effect of wind can be significant. Wind not only creates wind induced waves, but also directly generates loads on marine structures when the superstructure area (portion above the mean water surface) is significant. This paper reports on a parametric study on the heading stability of a turret-moored tanker in regular waves in the presence of steady wind. The analysis was conducted using the commercial solver AQWA. It is found that the presence of an initially bow wind can minimize the heading instability. Reasons for this behavior are described by analyzing the effect of wind induced moments on the equilibrium condition.
Fuel Efficiency – Challenges and Innovations in Emulsified Fuel Technology
Authors: Ng Jerry , Honkanen Kaisa
Published: August 2021

Emulsified fuel technology has been developed since the early 1980’s to the improve combustion efficiency of marine diesel engines by creating a secondary atomization effect after the initial fuel injection. The main challenge is to measure the improved sfoc of ships accurately and reliably. This paper presents a proposed method to measure the sfoc accurately and reliably to the order of 1%. Electronic governor also poses new challenge to measuring the sfoc of ships burning emulsified fuel. Meanwhile, fuel types supplied to ship owners are of increased varying properties although still complying to ISO8217 standard. This paper describes the innovations in emulsified fuel technology that were developed to meet these challenges.
Optimizing Shipyard Interim Product Assembly Using a Value Stream Mapping Methodology
Authors: Kolich Damir , Storch Richard L. , Fafandjel Niksa
Published: August 2021

Value stream mapping is used to analyze and improve the production flow in many industries, which includes the airplane and automobile industries worldwide. The shipbuilding industry has adopted lean manufacturing techniques. However, the amount of value stream mapping application in the shipbuidling industry is still relatively sparse due to the large variety of interim products and ship types. The aim of this paper is to analyze the interim products of a typical sized commercial shipyard with a product mix of chemical tankers and asphalt barges to demonstrate how a lean transformation can be performed using a shipyard value stream mapping methodology. The case study maps the typcial panel assembly lines of the shipyard and demonstrates the differences between the ship type interim products and using the lean manufacturing methodology developed by the authors to demonstrate how to define and adjust the production facilities using both lean and group technology techniques to create an improved production line which is demonstrated through a future improved value stream map. The main criteria for analyzing and comparing production improvement is through man-hours and duration time. The future value stream map has improvements of up to 50 percent, which demonstrates the importance of adopting a value stream mapping methodology for shipyards aiming to improve world competivity by decreasing production costs, while maintaining and/or improving quality of the ship buidling blocks.