bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the estimation of physical height changes using GRACE satellite mission data – A case study of Central Europe
Authors: Godah Walyeldeen , Szelachowska Małgorzata , Krynski Jan
Published: January 2018

The dedicated gravity satellite missions, in particular the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) mission launched in 2002, provide unique data for studying temporal variations of mass distribution in the Earth’s system, and thereby, the geometry and the gravity fi eld changes of the Earth. The main objective of this contribution is to estimate physical height (e.g. the orthometric/normal height) changes over Central Europe using GRACE satellite mission data as well as to analyse them and model over the selected study area. Physical height changes were estimated from temporal variations of height anomalies and vertical displacements of the Earth surface being determined over the investigated area. The release 5 (RL05) GRACE-based global geopotential models as well as load Love numbers from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) were used as input data. Analysis of the estimated physical height changes and their modelling were performed using two methods: the seasonal decomposition method and the PCA/ EOF (Principal Component Analysis/Empirical Orthogonal Function) method and the differences obtained were discussed. The main fi ndings reveal that physical height changes over the selected study area reach up to 22.8 mm. The obtained physical height changes can be modelled with an accuracy of 1.4 mm using the seasonal decomposition method.
Establishment of Karadeniz Technical University Permanent GNSS Station as Reactivated of TRAB IGS Station
Authors: Kazancı Selma Zengin , Kayıkçı Emine Tanır
Published: January 2018

In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have gained great importance in terms of the benefi ts it provides such as precise geodetic point positioning, determining crustal deformations, navigation, vehicle monitoring systems and meteorological applications etc. As in Turkey, for this purpose, each country has set up its own GNSS station networks like Turkish National Permanent RTK Network analyzed precise station coordinates and velocities together with the International GNSS Service, Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network and Turkish National Permanent GNSS Network (TNPGN) stations not only are utilized as precise positioning but also GNSS meteorology studies so total number of stations are increased. This work is related to the reactivated of the TRAB IGS station which was established in Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geomatics Engineering. Within the COST ES1206 Action (GNSS4SWEC) KTU analysis center was established and Trop-NET system developed by Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP, RIGTC) in order to troposphere monitoring. The project titled “Using Regional GNSS Networks to Strengthen Severe Weather Prediction” was accepted to the scientifi c and technological research council of Turkey (TUBITAK). With this project, we will design 2 new constructed GNSS reference station network. Using observation data of network, we will compare water vapor distribution derived by GNSS Meteorology and GNSS Tomography. At this time, KTU AC was accepted as E-GVAP Analysis Centre in December 2016. KTU reference station is aimed to be a member of the EUREF network with these studies.
The use of network analysis in the process of delimitation as exemplifi ed by the administrative division of Poland
Authors: Borowska-Stefańska Marta , Wiśniewski Szymon
Published: January 2018

The cognitive aim of this study is to point to the optimum number of local government units and the optimum boundaries of spatial units in Poland with the assumption of minimizing the cumulated theoretical travel time to all settlement units in the country. The methodological aim, in turn, is to present the use of the ArcGIS location-allocation tool for the purposes of delimitation processes as exemplifi ed by administrative boundaries in Poland. The rationale for the implementation of this study is that number and the boundaries of units of all levels of Poland’s current territorial division are far from optimum in the light of minimization of accumulated theoretical travel time to all settlement units in the country. It may be concluded that it would be justifi able to increase the number of voivodships from the current number of 16 to 18. Besides it would be necessary to introduce modifi cations in relation to units with regional functions. In contrast, the number of districts and communes should be reduced. A continuation of this research may go in the direction of including analysis of public transport network in the research, creating in this way a multimodal set of network data. This would illustrate, apart from the potential itself resulting from the infrastructure, also the actually existing connections.
A Tauberian theorem for the generalized Nörlund summability method
Authors: Çanak İbrahim , Braha Naim L. , Totur Ümit
Published: January 2018

Let

(

p
n

)

{(p_{n})}

and

(

q
n

)

{(q_{n})}

be any two non-negative real sequences, with

R
n

:=

∑

k
=
0

n

p
k

⁢

q

n
-
k

≠
0

{R_{n}:=\sum_{k=0}^{n}{p_{k}q_{n-k}}\neq 0}

(

n
∈
ℕ

{n\in\mathbb{N}}

).
Let

∑

k
=
0

∞

a
k

{\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}a_{k}}

be a series of real or complex numbers with partial sums

(

s
n

)

{(s_{n})}

, and set

t
n

p
,
q

:=

1

R
n

⁢

∑

k
=
0

n

p
k

⁢

q

n
-
k

⁢

s
k

{t_{n}^{p,q}:=\frac{1}{R_{n}}\sum_{k=0}^{n}{p_{k}q_{n-k}s_{k}}}

for

n
∈
ℕ

{n\in\mathbb{N}}

.
In this paper, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the existence of the limit

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

s
n

=
L

{\lim_{n\to\infty}{s_{n}}=L}

follows from that of

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

t
n

p
,
q

=
L

{\lim_{n\to\infty}t_{n}^{p,q}=L}

.
These conditions are one-sided or two-sided if

(

s
n

)

{(s_{n})}

is a sequence of real or complex numbers, respectively.
Relative h-preinvex functions and integral inequalities
Authors: Matłoka Marian
Published: January 2018

In this paper, we consider a new class of convex functions, called relative h-preivex functions.
Seven new inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type for relative h-preinvex functions are
established using different approaches.
A Bayesian Multiresolution Approach for Noise Removal in Medical Magnetic Resonance Images
Authors: Sahu Sima , Singh Harsh Vikram , Kumar Basant , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: January 2018

A Bayesian approach using wavelet coefficient modeling is proposed for de-noising additive white Gaussian noise in medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In a parallel acquisition process, the magnetic resonance image is affected by white Gaussian noise, which is additive in nature. A normal inverse Gaussian probability distribution function is taken for modeling the wavelet coefficients. A Bayesian approach is implemented for filtering the noisy wavelet coefficients. The maximum likelihood estimator and median absolute deviation estimator are used to find the signal parameters, signal variances, and noise variances of the distribution. The minimum mean square error estimator is used for estimating the true wavelet coefficients. The proposed method is simulated on MRI. Performance and image quality parameters show that the proposed method has the capability to reduce the noise more effectively than other state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method provides 8.83%, 2.02%, 6.61%, and 30.74% improvement in peak signal-to-noise ratio, structure similarity index, Pratt’s figure of merit, and Bhattacharyya coefficient, respectively, over existing well-accepted methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated by using the mean squared difference (MSD) parameter. MSD shows the degree of dissimilarity and is 0.000324 for the proposed method, which is less than that of the other existing methods and proves the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of achieving better signal-to-noise ratio performance than other tested de-noising methods.
Predictors of the Czech learners’ acquisition of selected English phonemes
Authors: Černá Monika , Ivanová Jaroslava , Myslivec Jaroslav
Published: January 2018

The study investigates predictors of the acquisition of selected English phonemes in a foreign language context. Czech students’ pronunciation was diagnosed by two tests; their ability to produce seven selected phonemes was assessed. Furthermore, data regarding the students’ learning histories was obtained through a questionnaire. Then a multiple regression analysis was conducted in order to identify predictors of the acquisition of the selected phonemes. The analysis uncovered several factors, the most significant being pre - school exposure to English and positive attitudes to English in adolescence, which appeared to influence the subjects’ pronunciation positively. Interestingly, several factors which relate to learning English at school appeared to exert a negative influence on the acquisition of the selected phonemes. Furthermore, besides the importance of long-term exposure to English starting before the age of six, the study also underscored the importance of metacognition in relation to autonomous learning.
Politeness strategies in written communications: the issue of Iranian EFL learners
Authors: Karimkhanlooei Giti , Vaezi Narges
Published: January 2018

The approximation of the pragmatic knowledge of English language learners to native speakers has been a realm of concern for the scholars and researchers in applied linguistics. Thus, this research was an endeavor to figure out the association between the proficiency level and politeness strategies and external/internal modifications in written communication skills in the speech act of requests in Iranian English language learners. To this end, a written Discourse Completion Test (DCT), adapted from Rose (1994), including 8 situations was administered to elicit data from Iran Language Institute120 female and male EFL learners, 60 upper-intermediate and 60 intermediate. The data were sorted out using Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategies taxonomy (Brown and Levinson 1987) and external/internal modifications developed by Faerch and Kasper (1989). The written request utterances provided by each participant were analyzed in terms of frequency and types of politeness strategies, namely, positive, negative, bald on record, and off-record as well as external/internal modifications utilized in requests. The Pearson Chi-Square test results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between upper-intermediate and intermediate learners’ type of politeness strategies and external/internal modifications.
Teaching the grammar of questions and negations: an innovative approach
Authors: Machová Dagmar Masár
Published: January 2018

This article presents an innovative approach to teaching English tenses, more precisely to teaching the grammar of questions and negative sentences. It describes, analyses and compares the innovative top-down approach with the traditional methods. It introduces the reader to the theoretical concept of the English predicate structure, on which the new approach is based. Consequently, the paper explains how the theoretical approach may be beneficial in practice, i.e. in English language teaching. Compared to the traditional methods, the paper shows that the grammar of questions and negatives of all tenses can be explained using three simple rules. Finally, the paper lists the advantages and disadvantages of the new method and suggests suitable target students.
Teaching English pronunciation by non-native teachers as seen by Slovak teachers
Authors: Bodorík Michal
Published: January 2018

The English language has become the so called “world wide language” due to the fact that it is used globally in many spheres of everyday life - education, business, labour market, technology, tourism, travel and others. In Slovakia, the educational system supports schools in the acquisition of the language by granting more English classes per week, by financing textbook materials, by bridging teaching practice with research as well as making English a mandatory subject of school leaving exams.

One of the crucial components in the English language education of Slovak learners appears to be the pronunciation. This language feature has its specificities and therefore it must be approached carefully. Although many researchers in Slovakia have focused on various aspects of English pronunciation, this article aims at the English teachers and their perception of this important issue. The survey focuses on Slovak teachers’ opinions about teaching English pronunciation to non-native learners, more specifically, about teaching techniques, error corrections, textbook materials and university teacher training.
Comparative Analysis of Machinability of Nitinol Alloy Using Weighted Radar Diagram
Authors: Kowalczyk Małgorzata , Niżankowski Czesław
Published: January 2018

The paper presents an attempt to analyze comparative machinability of two different varieties of nitinol alloy type, or compare the susceptibility of these materials to change the volume, shape and dimension of adopted machining conditions. The machinability of the material can not be fully determined numerically by only one independent factor. Therefore multivariate analysis technique of weighted diagram radar was developed by authors. This technique allowed for the comprehensive identification machinability analyzed varieties of nitinol alloy exclusively on the basis of the specified in literature directional material properties and general recommendations tool manufacturers on the cutting conditions. In the paper the full usefulness of this technique to demonstrate the differences in machinability of different varieties of the same species alloy, without the need for lengthy and cost-intensive experimental trials was presented.
The Fifth Slovene Hamlet: Return to Tradition?
Authors: Zlatnar Moe Marija
Published: January 2018

Over the nearly two centuries that Hamlet has been a fixture of the Slovene cultural firmament, the complete text has been translated five times, mostly by highly esteemed figures of Slovene literature and literary translation. This article focuses on the most recent translation, which was done by the prominent Slovene drama translator Srečko Fišer for a performance at the National Theatre in Ljubljana in 2013. It examines the new translation’s relations to its source text as well as to the previous translations. After the late twentieth century, when Hamlet was regarded as a text to be challenged, this new translation indicates the return to the tradition of reverence both for the source text and its author, and for the older translations. This is demonstrated on all levels, from the choice of source text edition, which seems to bear more similarities with the older translations than with the most recent predecessors, to the style, which echoes the solutions used by the earlier translators. Fišer continues the Slovenian tradition to a far greater extent than the two translators twenty years ago, by using the same strategies as the early translators, not fixing what was not broken, and only adding his own interpretation to the existing ones, instead of challenging or ignoring them. At the same time, however, traces of subversion of the source text can be detected, not in the form of rebellion, but rather as a mild disregard. This latest translation is the first one to frequently reshuffle the text. It is also the first to subordinate meaning to style. This all indicates that despite the apparent return to tradition, the source text is no longer treated with the reverence of the past.
Design of graphene-based polarization-insensitive optical modulator
Authors: Hu Xiao , Wang Jian
Published: January 2018

By exploiting the electroabsorption effect of graphene, we present a graphene-based polarization-insensitive optical modulator. The waveguide structure consists of a silica substrate, high-index silicon strip waveguide, Si3N4dielectric spacer, two graphene layers, and two metal electrodes. The modulator performance is comprehensively studied in terms of attenuation, insertion loss, modulation depth, and bandwidth. We achieve broadband >16 dB attenuation graphene-based optical modulator over a 35 nm wavelength range (covering C band) with an imbalance of no >1 dB and insertion loss of <2 dB for transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarized modes. Moreover, the electrical properties such as energy per bit consumption (Ebit) are also studied.
Investigation of genotoxicity in river sediments
Authors: Šestinová Oľga , Findoráková Lenka , Hančuľák Jozef , Špaldon Tomislav
Published: January 2018

The purpose of the present study was to develop a useful screening method to assess genotoxic effect of polluted bottom sediments from the water reservoir Ružin No.I. The Hornád and Hnilec Rivers drained a former mining area, have been polluted in the long-term by heavy metals (Cu, As, Sb, Hg), which significantly contributed to environmental degradation. Genotoxicity of bottom sediment was evaluated by test SOS-ChromoPadTM 3.0 for solid samples without extraction. The mentioned test represents simple, quick and direct sediment phase toxicity testing procedure. In this test bacterial strain Escherichia coli K12 PQ37 was used. The results of SOS-ChromoPadTM 3.0 showed that sample Hornád has low potential genotoxic effect on the environment. It was determined on the basis of slight blue colouration of chromogenic paper at the point of sediment application. The sample Hnilec was negative. This test allows significantly reduce the time for obtaining information about sediments genotoxicity and accept necessary security proceeding in time.
Diamagnetic cobalt(III)tris(o-ethylxanthate) and nickel(II)bis(o-ethylxanthate)
Authors: Varga Filip , Titiš Ján , Rajnák Cyril , Moncoľ Ján , Boča Roman
Published: January 2018

Diamagnetic [Co(xanth)3] and [Ni(xanth)2] complexes have been prepared by reaction of Co(II) and Ni(II) salts with potassium O-ethyl xanthate (Kxanth). The isolated Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, UV-VIS and IR spectroscopy, computational methods, and magnetic measurements.
Toward Radical New Testament Discipleship
Authors: Yarnell Malcolm B.
Published: January 2018

Radical New Testament disciples may benefit from placing the 16th century South German Anabaptist theologian Pilgram Marpeck in conversation with the 20th century Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth. Marpeck and Barth will enrich ecumenical Christfollowers within both the Reformed and the Free Church traditions even as they remain confessional. Our particular effort is to construct a soteriology grounded in discipleship through correlating the coinherent work of the Word with the Spirit in revelation, through placing human agency within a divinely granted response to the gracious sovereignty of God, and through providing a holistic doctrine of individual and communal life in union with Christ.
Iridoids from Cornus mas L. and their potential as innovative ingredients in cosmetics
Authors: Nizioł-Łukaszewska Zofia , Wasilewski Tomasz , Bujak Tomasz , Osika Paweł
Published: January 2018

Dogwood berries represent a valuable source of a variety of active ingredients. A group that deserves special attention comprises iridoids – compounds with potent antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antibacterial properties. The present study is an attempt to obtain an innovative plant material from dogwood berries. To this end, water and water/ethanol-based extracts (1:1) were prepared and, as the next step, an iridoids-rich fraction was isolated. The total content of iridoids was determined spectrophotometrically, and antioxidant properties of the isolates were concurrently assessed. Additionally, skin whitening activity of isolated fractions was assessed on the basis of tyrosinase inhibition measurement. The testing schedule also involved the formulation of model washing systems based on anionic surfactants. The effect of adding the fractions obtained by the above method on the irritant potential was assessed by determining the zein number
Constitutional Judges and Secession. Lessons from Canada … twenty years later
Authors: Spigno Irene
Published: January 2018

In constitutional theory, the referendum is an instrument that allows for the expression of the popular will in government decisions and through which people are asked to vote directly on an issue or policy. Over the last decades, the referendum has been the instrument used by minority groups to claim their independence supported by popular will. This paper examines trends in constitutional jurisprudence on the issue of independence referendums. The birth of this constitutional trend can be found in the 1998 decision by the Supreme Court of Canada in the Reference Re Secession of Quebec. The principles developed therein have been further explored in two recent cases, issued by the Italian Constitutional), and by the Spanish Constitutional Tribunal in the latest decision of the Catalonia saga (Judgment no. 114/2017).
Women’s rights and minorities’ rights in Canada. The challenges of intersectionality in Supreme Court jurisprudence
Authors: Scotti Valentina Rita
Published: January 2018

After a discussion of the impact of the principle of equality, entrenched in the Charters approved in Canada since the 1867 British North American Act, this essay then focuses on the related Supreme Court’s adjudications. A brief analysis of the case-law concerning gender equality is followed by the discussion of cases of Aboriginal and Muslim women with the aim of assessing whether intersectionality represents for these groups of women a source of double discrimination. Brief concluding remarks discuss the challenges deriving from the different options for accommodating the principle of equality with cultural rights.
Therapeutic efficacy of specific immunotherapy for glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hanaei Sara , Afshari Khashayar , Hirbod-Mobarakeh Armin , Mohajer Bahram , Amir Dastmalchi Delara , Rezaei Nima
Published: January 2018

Although different immunotherapeutic approaches have been developed for the treatment of glioma, there is a discrepancy between clinical trials limiting their approval as common treatment. So, the current systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess survival and clinical response of specific immunotherapy in patients with glioma. Generally, seven databases were searched to find eligible studies. Controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of specific immunotherapy in glioma were found eligible. After data extraction and risk of bias assessment, the data were analyzed based on the level of heterogeneity. Overall, 25 articles with 2964 patients were included. Generally, mean overall survival did not statistically improve in immunotherapy [median difference=1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI)=−0.16–3.17; p=0.08]; however, it was 11.16 months higher in passive immunotherapy (95% CI=5.69–16.64; p<0.0001). One-year overall survival was significantly higher in immunotherapy groups [hazard ratio (HR)=0.69; 95% CI=0.52–0.92; p=0.01]. As the hazard rate in the immunotherapy approach was 0.83 of the control group, 2-year overall survival was significantly higher in immunotherapy (HR=0.83; 95% CI=0.69–0.99; p=0.04). Three-year overall survival was significantly higher in immunotherapy as well (HR=0.67; 95% CI=0.48–0.92; p=0.01). Overall, median progression-free survival was significantly higher in immunotherapy (standard median difference=0.323; 95% CI=0.110–0.536; p=0.003). However, 1-year progression-free survival was not remarkably different between immunotherapy and control groups (HR=0.94; 95% CI=0.74–1.18; p=0.59). Specific immunotherapy demonstrated remarkable improvement in survival of patients with glioma and could be a considerable choice of treatment in the future. Despite the current promising results, further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to approve immunotherapeutic approaches as the standard of care and the front-line treatment for glioma.
Flexible Pavement Design Criterion Based on Octahedral Shear Stresses
Authors: Lazăr Ştefan Marian , Răcănel Carmen
Published: January 2018

The judicious pavement design is the key factor in achieving the longest service life and the lowest maintenance and rehabilitation costs. It is based on the consideration of the phenomena in which the pavement structures are subjected to exploitation and the limitation of their destructive effects.

The aim of this study is to verify the possibility of implementing in the flexible pavement structures design practice of another design criterion based on limiting the bituminous mixtures creep phenomenon and that to be called: The criterion of admissible octahedral shear stresses in the bituminous layers.

Estimation of octahedral shear stresses is done with a calculation model based on finite element method, and hereafter referred to as 2D ASFEM (2D Axi-Symmetric Finite Element Model). The paper presents the results obtained by modeling several specific calculation assumptions for the behaviour of flexible pavement structures in service.

The study underlines the fact that the Octahedral Shear Stresses Ratio (OSSR) can be an additional design criterion to be taken into account when designing flexible pavement structures alongside other established criteria.
Globalization of Nanoengineers’ Professional Training: Foreign Experience
Authors: Tretko Vitaliy , Vashkurak Yuriy
Published: January 2018

Conceptual bases of globalization influence onto engineer education in the field of nanoelectronics as well as formation of global skills necessary for life and work in a globalized society have been considered. Modern state of incorporating the global dimension into the process of future nanoelectronics engineers’ learning has been analyzed. Key skills and conditions of providing connection between results of learning and the global dimension in the engineering education have been defined. Possibilities of the global dimension realization (elaboration of new methods and approaches), integration of the education content on the principles of consistency and interdisciplinary nature as well as monitoring of learning results have been suggested. Special attention has been paid to implementation of the global dimension into the engineering profession that includes three aspects: generic themes, generic skills and generic dispositions. Main directions of developing the system of engineering education in the field of nanoelectronics have been specified. It has been defined that incorporation of the global dimension into the learning process of future engineers in the field of nanoelectronics encompasses five stages: the substantiation of key skills that define global dimension in engineering education; the provision of connection between the results of learning and global dimension in engineering education; the determination of opportunities to realize global dimension (elaboration of new methods and approaches); the integration of the learning content on the basis of consistency and interdisciplinary principles; the monitoring of learning results. In the result of the carried out research it has been concluded that the basis of conceptual approaches to engineering training of future specialists in the field of nanoelectronics is the logics and the content of the “engineer” notion, specifics of engineering activities in the field of nanoelectronics, as well as their functional duties in the context of globalization challenges. The process of introduction of the global dimension into the content of engineering programs in nanoelectronics encourages the development of an engineer’s personality at all the levels – individual, national and global.
Interdisciplinarity in Higher Petroleum Education in the Context of International Standards
Authors: Tymkiv Nadiya
Published: January 2018

The article deals with the problem of interdisciplinarity impact on higher petroleum education in Ukraine. Different views on the essence of interdisciplinarity, especially in the context of higher petroleum education, have been presented. It has been indicated that many scholars have studied the essence of interdisciplinarity within higher education systems of different countries and identified that interdisciplinarity encompasses a combination or interrelation of various sciences that are embodied in engineering training process. Interdisciplinarity is considered as one of the effective tools to support enthusiasm of young generation for petroleum engineering; to increase motivation of future petroleum experts; and to enhance the efficiency of collaboration between professionals from different fields. In reality, interdisciplinary approach is very often confused with multidisciplinarity when educators give students knowledge from various disciplines without making the link between them into a coordinated whole. It has been concluded that interdisciplinarity or interdisciplinary approach can be regarded as a natural training context in which boundaries between knowledge systems tend to be erased and a new teaching paradigm is required. It has been revealed that implementation of interdisciplinary approach in engineering programmes necessitates the development of such an educational framework that would provide educators with the relevant methods, tools, and models for design of interdisciplinary engineering curricula regarding specific learning outcomes and ensure support for faculty members to improve their own competence in the interdisciplinary issues. The standards and guidelines of international educational interdisciplinarity of degree programmes in petroleum engineering are analyzed in the article.
Using Information Technologies in Professional Training of Future Security Specialists in the USA, Great Britain, Poland and Israel
Authors: Kyslenko Dmytro
Published: January 2018

The paper discusses the use of information technologies in professional training of future security specialists in the United States, Great Britain, Poland and Israel. The probable use of computer-based techniques being available within the integrated Web-sites have been systematized. It has been suggested that the presented scheme may be of great significance for organization of security specialists’ professional training in Ukrainian higher education institutions as it promotes searching for an individual paradigm in processing various data and adjusting to modern challenges of an information soceity. The process of expanding learning techniques through information technologies has been emphasized; four directions of US Education Reform have been outlined; the distinctive features of theory and methodology of using information technologies in the United States have been highlighted. The learning models in Israel have been described; the aim of future specialists’ training in Poland has been formulated. The methodological and practical components offuture security specialists’ training of have been analyzed. It has been indicated that nowadays Great Britain has the most detailed education standards in Europe. It has been pointed out that studying experience of other countries contributes to determining a strategy for using information technologies in education. It has been concluded that methodical and practical training of future security specialists for using information technologies should be related to practical skills. It has been found out that motivation play an important role in developing future security specialists’ practical skills. It has been proved that pedagogical professionalism promotes achievements of science and technology. Prospects for further researches are seen in studying the peculiarities of professional training of future security specialists in leading European countries.
Anti-doping through the pedagogical approach
Authors: Ignjatović Aleksandar , Marković Živorad , Stanković Slađana , Janković Boban
Published: January 2018

Anti-doping programs need to preserve and promote what is essential in sport and that is sport spirit and achieving perfection through the development of its own natural talents, in order to raise awareness about the importance of fair play and creating an environment that supports the sport without doping. These programs should be directed to the athletes and young people by creating a positive and long-term impact on the choices they make. Thanks to games that are used for children in preschool and primary school age it is possible to efficiently and timely impact on the development character and virtues because it is incomparably more difficult to form character and moral values in already formed athletes than in children's who are just getting to know the world of sport and everything what he is carries. Children's need to be instilled the importance of physical exercise and the importance of participation in sport without prohibited resources and methods that roughly violate the ideal of fair play and on that way promote at children's health, fairness and equality for all athletes. Fair play was created out of chivalry and gentlemanly in the Middle Ages where many reformers proposed sport and games with the aim of education and strengthening moral values in children. Teaching children the ideals of fair play in which the sport is based, and their continued involvement in sports activities with special accent on the pedagogical aspect leads to raising the awareness of moral values and ideals of sports chivalry. Developing awareness among children about fair play and anti-doping implies greater satisfaction with the results achieved in sports activities, which is a win at all costs and with the use of illegal recourses worthless, and victors would not be able to refer to with pride.
Instrument for verification of ethical theories in physical culture
Authors: Marković Miloš , Bokan Božo
Published: January 2018

This study tested an instrument entitled "Physical Culture and Ethics" which consisted of 44 statements to which subjects responded on a Likert-type five-point scale. The statements reflected the ethical theories of Aristotle (14 statements), Kant (14 statements) and Mill (16 statements). The hypothetical model of ethical theories was verified on a sample of 163 students at the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Belgrade (119 male students and 44 female students), attending all years of study (n1=22, n2=34, n3=36, n4=48, n5=23). We hypothesized that students would display greater maturity in terms of education and reaffirm their positions towards ethical issues in physical culture as they progressed in their studies, and also that the male and the female students had their specific moral outlooks on the reality of physical culture. When comparing the basic statistical indicators of students' responses to statements reflecting the ethical theories (Aristotle, Kant, Mill) against the year of study students were in (mean value and standard deviation) - certain variation in values from the first to the fifth year of study was observed, thus confirming the hypothesis. When comparing the basic statistical indicators of male and female students' responses to statements reflecting the ethical theories (Aristotle, Kant, Mill) - female students' results were better on all scales, and Aristotle's ethical theory showed a statistical significance, thus confirming the second hypothesis as well.
“And this is the view from outside my window”: On text and image interplay in university website blogs
Authors: Tomášková Renáta
Published: January 2018

The paper focuses on the institutional website as a complex genre with a relatively discontinuous inner structure, which is, however, coherent and cohesive, and unified by a common communication goal(s). The website is viewed as a discourse colony consisting of independent but related components realized in an array of subgenres, some of which are typical of the academic/institutional environment while others come from different discourse domains and are employed as embedded genres. The paper focuses on the blog as an embedded genre, its forms and functions within university websites, and particularly on its potentially multimodal character, i.e. the interplay of the verbal content of the blog and the non-verbal elements, esp. photographs, which co-create the producer’s message to the addressee. Drawing upon the recently developed field of multimodal discourse analysis within Hallidayan Systemic Functional Linguistics, particularly Martinec and Salway’s model, the paper explores the level to which the modes are integrated and the ways they contribute to meaningmaking in the genre.
Aminkomplexe des Goldes, Teil 9: Gold(I)-halogenid-Komplexe mit primären und azyklischen sekundären Aminen und ihre Oxidation zu Gold(III)-Derivaten
Authors: Döring Cindy , Jones Peter G.
Published: January 2018

The reaction of (tht)AuX (X=Cl or Br; tht=tetrahydrothiophene) with various primary amines L leads to products of the form [L2Au]+X−. Packing diagrams of the corresponding structures are dominated by N–H···X hydrogen bonds and (in some cases) aurophilic contacts. The cyclohexylamine derivative was already known as its dichloromethane ⅔-solvate; we have isolated the solvent-free compound and its pentane ¼-solvate, which all show different packing patterns. With acyclic secondary amines, the products are more varied; LAuX and [L2Au]+[AuX2]− were also found. These gold(I) products were generally formed in satisfactory quantities. The attempted oxidation to Au(III) derivatives with PhICl2 or Br2 proved impossible for the primary amine derivatives [although isopropylamine-trichloridogold(III) was obtained unexpectedly from the corresponding cyanide] and unsatisfactory for the secondary amine derivatives. Products LAuX3 and [L2AuX2]+[AuX4]− were identified but were formed in disappointing yields. In isolated cases protonated products (LH)+[AuCl4]−, (LH+)3[AuCl4]−(Cl−)2 or [(Et2N)2CH]+[AuBr4]− were formed, presumably by involvement of the dichloromethane solvent and/or adventitious water. Here also the yields were poor, and some products arose as mixtures. Direct reaction of amines with AuCl3 or (tht)AuX3 was also unsuccessful. All products were characterized by X-ray structure analysis.
White-Light Supercontinuum Laser-Based Multiple Wavelength Excitation for TCSPC-FLIM of Cutaneous Nanocarrier Uptake
Authors: Volz Pierre , Brodwolf Robert , Zoschke Christian , Haag Rainer , Schäfer-Korting Monika , Alexiev Ulrike
Published: January 2018

We report here on a custom-built time-correlated single photon-counting (TCSPC)-based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) setup with a continuously tunable white-light supercontinuum laser combined with acousto-optical tunable filters (AOTF) as an excitation source for simultaneous excitation of multiple spectrally separated fluorophores. We characterized the wavelength dependence of the white-light supercontinuum laser pulse properties and demonstrated the performance of the FLIM setup, aiming to show the experimental setup in depth together with a biomedical application. We herein summarize the physical-technical parameters as well as our approach to map the skin uptake of nanocarriers using FLIM with a resolution compared to spectroscopy. As an example, we focus on the penetration study of indocarbocyanine-labeled dendritic core-multishell nanocarriers (CMS-ICC) into reconstructed human epidermis. Unique fluorescence lifetime signatures of indocarbocyanine-labeled nanocarriers indicate nanocarrier-tissue interactions within reconstructed human epidermis, bringing FLIM close to spectroscopic analysis.
Internal Morphology of Cracking of Two 3-D Pre-Existing Cross-Embedded Flaws under Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Ping , Zhang Jian-Zhi , Yang Lu-Hao , Cui Yu-Long
Published: January 2018

This paper studies the internal morphology of cracking of two 3-D pre-existing cross-embedded flaws in poly(methyl methacrylate) specimens under uniaxial compression. In this study, observable cracking behaviors include the crack initiation, growth, wrapping and coalescence, and the ultimate fracture of the specimen. The experimental results show six modes of crack initiation and two types of crack wrapping. The initiation of silky cracks in 3-D cracking behaviors is reported first, as well as the closed-mode wrapping of petal cracks. Substantial wrapping of petal cracks, which plays an important role in crack coalescence, appears to be the major difference between the 2-D and 3-D cracking behaviors of pre-existing flaws. Moreover, three modes of crack coalescence, which include the coalescence of petal cracks, antiwing cracks, and oblique secondary cracks, are found. Crack coalescence is predominantly created by the linkage of petal cracks, which is further classified into six categories. Note that only limited vertical growth of petal cracks is observed, and the ultimate failure of specimens is induced by the continued growth of the propagated wing crack. It was found that the ultimate fracture face of the specimens consists of continuous wing cracks and fragmented silky cracks. This paper provides the internal morphology basis for the 3-D fracture mechanism of specimens containing two 3-D pre-existing cross-embedded flaws.
Sex steroids in the tumor microenvironment and prostate cancer progression
Authors: Boibessot Clovis , Toren Paul
Published: January 2018

Prostate cancer is uniquely dependent on androgens. Despite years of research on the relationship between androgens and prostate cancer, many questions remain as to the biological effects of androgens and other sex steroids during prostate cancer progression. This article reviews the clinical and basic research on the influence of sex steroids such as androgens, estrogens and progesterone within the prostate tumor microenvironment on the progression of prostate cancer. We review clinical studies to date evaluating serum sex steroids as prognostic biomarkers and discuss their respective biological effects within the prostate tumor microenvironment. We also review the link between genomic alterations and sex steroid levels within prostate tumors. Finally, we highlight the links between sex steroid levels and the function of the immune system within the tumor microenvironment. As the context of treatment of lethal prostate cancer evolves over time, an understanding of this underlying biology remains central to developing optimal treatment approaches.
Management of intrinsic discoloration using walking bleach technique in maxillary central incisors
Authors: Pandey Sanket Hans , Patni Pallav Mahesh , Jain Pradeep , Chaturvedi Arpita
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloration of teeth of several etiologies. Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents.Aim. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth.Method. Maxillary central incisors were isolated with rubber dam and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate was placed in the canal and sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired results.Conclusion. Non-vital bleaching is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the esthetics of a discolored non-vital tooth. However, care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IMPREGNATED GLOVES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Brostow W. , Hagg Lobland H.E. , Lohse S. , Osmanson A.T. , Ravi R. , Sayana S. , Shi V. , Singh A.
Published: January 2018

Intervention during an unintentional fire puts a tremendous weight on the shoulders of the heroic first responder—and while his/her safety equipment is often overlooked supposedly for practicality, fire-resistant gloves with better insulation and increased dexterity would help dramatically. We are developing gloves using two kinds of glove materials—each impregnated with a ternary material containing a flexible matrix and two fillers, one with very high thermal conductivity and the other surviving high temperatures. Extant first fire responder gloves contain Kevlar and/or leather, while our materials allow gloves ‘survival’ at temperatures significantly higher than that of the Kevlar or organic material thermal decomposition. Essential here also are low water absorption and high scratch resistance of the gloves.
INDUKSI OVULASI DAN PEMIJAHAN IKAN AGAMYSIS (Agamyxis albomaculatus) MENGGUNAKAN HORMON YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Nur Bastiar , Permana Asep , Priyadi Agus , Mustofa Siti Zuhriyah , Murniasih Siti
Published: January 2018

Ikan agamysis (Agamyxis albomaculatus) merupakan ikan hias air tawar introduksi yang memiliki potensi cukup bagus untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia, namun masih bermasalah dalam budidayanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas kombinasi hormon berbeda dalam menginduksi ovulasi dan pemijahan ikan agamysis. Jumlah ikan yang digunakan sebanyak 30 ekor (15 jantan dan 15 betina) dengan ukuran panjang 10-15 cm dan bobot 50-200 g. Ikan uji dipelihara dalam akuarium sistem resirkulasi dan diberi pakan cacing tanah dua kali sehari secara ad libitum. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa penggunaan beberapa jenis hormon yaitu: (A) LHRHa dan antidopamin (ovaprim) dosis 0,7 mL/kg; (B) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) dosis 500 IU/kg; (C) aromatase inhibitor (AI) dosis 10 mg/kg; (D) kombinasi AI dosis 10 mg/kg + ovaprim dosis 0,7 mL/kg; serta (E) kombinasi hCG dosis 500 IU/kg + ovaprim dosis 0,7 mg/kg. Hormon diberikan melalui penyuntikan secara intramuskuler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi hormon hCG dosis 500 IU/kg + ovaprim dosis 0,7 mL/kg; memberikan respons pemijahan terbaik dengan waktu laten 7-12 jam; bobot telur ovulasi 7,3–9,4 g; derajat pembuahan 5,71%-34,7%; dan derajat penetasan 32,5%-50,44%. Penggunaan kombinasi hormon hCG dan ovaprim efektif menstimulasi proses ovulasi telur sehingga dapat menjadi acuan untuk peningkatan produksi larva ikan agamysis dalam pemijahan buatan.Agamysis (Agamyxis albomaculatus) is an introduced freshwater fish that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. Yet, the fish has not been successfully cultivated. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of different hormone combinations to induce ovulation and spawning of agamysis. This research used 30 fishes (15 male and 15 female) ranged 10-15 cm in length and 50-200 g in body weight. The fish were stocked in aquaria equipped with recirculation system and fed with earthworm by ad libitum twice a day. The treatments were: (A) LHRHa and antidopamin (ovaprim) dose of 0.7 mL/ kg, (B) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) dose of 500 IU/kg, (C) aromatase inhibitor (AI) dose of 10 mg/kg, (D) a combination of AI dose of 10 mg/kg + ovaprim dose of 0.7 mL/kg, and (E) a combination of hCG dose of 500 IU/kg + ovaprim dose of 0.7 mg/kg. The hormones were given through intramuscularly injection. The results showed that the combination of ovaprim dose of 0.7 mL/kg and hCG dose of 500 IU/kg produced the best spawning response, with the latent period of 7-12 hours, weight of ovulated eggs of 7.3-9.4 g, fertilization rate of 5.71% to 34.7% and hatching rate between 32.5% - 50.44%. In conclusion, the combination of hCG and ovaprim was found to be more effective to stimulate egg ovulation of agamysis and could be used in improving larvae production.