bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religion and Environment
Authors: Kumar Sanjay
Published: June 2024

Religion and the environment share a deep connection. All religions have maintained a positive attitude towards nature. Initially, humanity's role was both a recipient and a provider in relation to nature. However, as humanity climbed the ladder of scientific and technological advancements, environmental degradation increased accordingly. Today, the entire world is afflicted by the problem of environmental degradation. Religion, which traditionally embodies a love for nature, holds the essence of environmental conservation. From ancient to modern times, Vedic, Jain, Buddhist, Zoroastrian, Christian, and Islamic teachings all oppose unnecessary violence against living beings and advocate for a love of nature. Religious leaders and preachers have emphasized that the existence of the universe is possible only through the harmonious interdependence of nature and humanity. In the current context, if people act according to their religious beliefs, the problem of environmental degradation can be significantly controlled.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
धर्म और पर्यावरण में गहरा संबंध है। सभी धर्मों का दृष्टिकोण प्रकृति के प्रति सकारात्मक रहा है। प्रारम्भ में मानव की भूमिका प्रकृति के साथ प्राप्तकर्ता बौर प्रदाता की रही है लेकिन जैसे­जैसे मानव वैज्ञानिक और तकनीकी विकास की सीढ़ीयाँ चढ़ता गया। पर्यावरण क्षरण उसी अनुरूप बढ़ता चला गया। आज संपूर्ण विष्व पर्यावरण अवनयन की समस्या से आक्रांत है। धर्म जिसका पौराणिक स्वरूप प्रकृति प्रेम रहा है। इसी में पर्यावरण संरक्षण का मर्म छिपा हुआ है। पौराणिक से नवीन वैदिक, जैन, बौद्ध, यहमदि, ईसाई, इस्लाम सभी धर्मो निर्थक जीव हिंसा का विरोध एवं प्रकृति प्रेम की षिक्षा दी गई है। सभी धर्म प्रवर्तकों और धर्म प्रचारकों ने बताया है कि प्रकृति मानव में पारस्परिक सामंजस्यपूर्ण निर्भरता में ही सृष्टि का अस्तित्व संभव है। वर्तमान परिवेष में लोग अपने धार्मिक विष्वासों के अनुरूप आचरण करें तो पर्यावरण क्षरण की समस्या बहुत हद नियंत्रित हो सकती है।
Keywords: धार्मिक विकास, पर्यावरण संरक्षण, प्रकृति­प्रेम, सामंजस्यपूर्ण निर्भरता।
Student Assessment by Wondershare Software
Authors: Nisarta Ashvin L.
Published: June 2024

Evaluation of academic achievement is now more specific with the use of technology. Many software and applications are available to assessment of student’s academic progress in very objective manner. It is now seen in application at different level of education for the accuracy, sharpness, time management and expenditure of all kind of mechanism which is use in whole evaluation process. Every academic institution is more aware and progressive to applying such kind of new technology which is useful for entire system. At the higher education level many institutions are using most favorable in assessment at higher education level like academic, institutional, and psychological and many more. These all kind of assessment is now available with the use of different software’s and packages like wonder share and many more. This paper will describe how to develop question bank in wonder share software, how it is work offline and what the experience of students is when experiment was applying in real classroom. This paper is mainly describing the process of creating question bank using software, which kind of questions can edit in this software and application of this software as a tool for students’ evaluation at school level.
Negotiating Religion and Power: Quotidian Conflicts between the Ahom State and neo-Vaishnavism
Authors: Konch Ronit
Published: June 2024

Religious beliefs are enmeshed in the state-making processes. This theme is relatively understudied in the context of medieval Assam. Older historical works by scholars such as S.N. Sarma, Maheswar Neog, Amalendu Guha and D. Nath have enriched our knowledge on Vaishnavism and the Ahom state but there remains a scope for further exploration of the interlinkages between state, power, and religion in the broader state-making process. Religious beliefs impact existing power relations. Earlier scholars, by focusing on the persecution of Vaishnavite monasteries under the Ahom King Gadadhar Singha (1681-1696) and the later Moamaria rebellions, largely ignored the more quotidian attempts of the Ahom state to regulate religious beliefs which appeared prejudicial to its authority. This paper seeks to emphasise the significance of everyday tension and conflict which characterised the relation between Neo-Vaishnavite institutions and tribal configurations, and between the State and the Neo-Vaishnavite order; thereby shedding light on the quotidian processes of state-making in medieval Assam. State regulation extended beyond religious beliefs to religious leaders (through persecution of religious preachers, surveillance of monasteries, intervention in inter-monastery conflicts) lest they became the focal point for harbouring disaffected elements and thereby become a threat to the authority of the state. The Ahom state did not limit itself to regulation but would, at times, even come into negotiated arrangements with various disparate elements to maintain its authority. The state also attempted to nudge different social and religious groups towards state-sanctioned orthodox practices (such as idol worship) through long-term negotiations. Thus, the paper argues that the state tolerated, and at times encouraged, Neo-Vaishnavism and attempted to restructure religious beliefs to fit its viewpoint of a hierarchical society at whose apex stood the king, who ultimately made decisions regarding the legitimacy of religious traditions.
Spatial Pattern of health care facilities in Sant Kabir Nagar District: A Geographical analysis
Authors: Kumar Pradip , Kumar Pradip
Published: June 2024

Healthcare accessibility is a critical determinant of population health outcomes, with geographical disparities often reflecting inequities in healthcare provision. This study conducts a comprehensive geographical analysis of healthcare facilities in Sant Kabir Nagar District, Uttar Pradesh, to assess the spatial distribution and accessibility of healthcare services. The main objective of this paper to examine the spatial pattern of density, distribution, and distribution of healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics, and primary healthcare centers, across the district. The findings reveal no significant spatial variations in the distribution of healthcare facilities in Sant Kabir Nagar District. Furthermore, the study explores the implications of spatial patterns of healthcare facilities on healthcare access and utilization within the district. The necessary data was collected through purposive random sampling from various health centers including community health centers, primary health centers, and sub centers. The distribution of healthcare facilities is fairly even throughout the district and does not appear to be influenced by the availability of transportation networks.
India's role in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
Authors: Jajoriya Avdhesh Kumar
Published: June 2024

We can look at South Asia and SAARC as a ‘glass half full’ while pessimists see it as a ‘glass half empty’. However, realists will quench their thirst by drinking this glass of water. We need not despair over overpopulation, extreme poverty and endless petty conflicts. Instead, we should focus on the region from the perspective of its extreme youth and transformation and can-do approach, ongoing reforms and its diaspora and huge market advantages so that SAARC finds its rightful place. Although India is a fast growing economy at the rate of 7 per cent, the neighboring countries should realize the benefits from it as India pursues a non-reciprocal mutually beneficial policy towards its neighbors so that the economic growth as envisaged by smaller countries and economies should be achieved. The unnecessary negativity of 'Big Brother Syndrome' can be seen in the right perspective. We also believe that it is in our own best interest to have economically progressive neighbors. All parties should make sincere efforts so that bad politics does not dominate good economies. Ultimately, moving forward is the only option since we cannot choose a neighbor guided by geography and history. Prime Minister Modi had also said in the summit in Nepal that 'we are not only close but together' and assured our neighboring countries that India has to lead and we will do our part.
Abstract in Hindi Language: 
हम दक्षिण एशिया और सार्क को ‘आधा भरा गिलास‘ के रूप में देख सकते हैं जबकि निराशावादी इसे ‘आधा खाली गिलास‘ के रूप में देखते हैं। तथापि वास्तविकतावादी इस गिलास का पानी पीकर अपनी प्यास बुझा लेंगे। हमें अधिक जनसंख्या, अत्यधिक गरीबी और अंतहीन छोटे-मोटे झगडों पर निराश होने की जरूरत नहीं है। इसके बजाय हमें क्षेत्र पर अत्यधिक युवा और बदलाव वाला तथा कर सकने वाले दृष्टिकोण, चालू सुधार और इसके डायस्पोरा तथा विशाल बाजार लाभ के नजरिए से ध्यान देना चाहिए ताकि सार्क को अपना वाजिव स्थान मिल सके। हालांकि भारत 7 प्रतिशत की दर से एक तीव्र गति से विकसित होती अर्थव्यवस्था है, पडोसी देशेां को इससे प्राप्त लाभ को महसूस करना चाहिए क्योंकि भारत अपने पडोसी देशों के प्रति एक गैर-पारस्परिक परस्पर लाभकारी नीति को अपनाता है ताकि छोटे देशों और अर्थव्यवस्थाओं द्वारा परिकल्पित ‘बिग ब्रदर सिन्ड्रोम‘ की अनावश्यक नकारात्मकता को सही परिप्रेक्ष्य में देखा जा सके। हमें यह भी विश्वास है कि आर्थिक रूप से प्रगतिशील पडोसियों का होना हमारे अपने हित में है। सभी पक्षों को ईमानदारी से प्रयास करने चाहिए ताकि बुरी राजनीति अच्छी अर्थव्यवस्थाओं पर हावी न हो सके। आखिरकार साथ-साथ आगे बढना ही एकमात्र विकल्प है चूंकि हम ऐसे पडोसी को नहीं चुन सकते है जो भूगोल और इतिहास से निर्देशित हो। प्रधानमंत्री मोदी ने भी नेपाल में शिखर सम्मेलन में कहा था कि ‘हम पास-पास ही नहीं अपितु साथ-साथ‘ हैं और अपने पडोसी देशेां को यह आश्वासन दिया कि भारत को नेतृत्व करना है और हम अपना काम करेंगे।
Keywords: भारत, सार्क, बिग ब्रदर सिन्ड्रोम, साझा सहयोग।
Comparative study of the Artificial Intelligence of the M Ed and B Ed students
Authors: Nisarta Ashvin L.
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) or machine intelligence involves programming machines to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as problem-solving, learning, and reasoning. This study explores the perceptions of M.Ed. and B.Ed. students in Bhavnagar regarding the integration of AI into their personal and professional lives. It examines their awareness, the benefits they perceive, and the impact on their learning attitudes, personal lives, and the culture of educational institutions. In India, industries such as transportation, education, and legal services are increasingly adopting AI to enhance their operations and remain competitive. Professionals need to stay informed and have a forward-looking perspective on AI advancements to secure better career opportunities. This study utilized a descriptive survey method, employing a t-test for analysis. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected, and data was collected using a self-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire, which consisted of 24 items, used a 5-point Likert scale to gather responses from the M.Ed. and B.Ed. students in Bhavnagar. The findings indicate that students are aware of AI's significance and consider it beneficial for quick decision-making and information assessment. The results also highlight the positive impact of AI on educational culture, transitioning it from traditional methods to interactive virtual classrooms.
Understanding the Pattern of Health Seeking Behaviour of Indigenous Communities: A Discussion on Rajbanshis of Koch Bihar
Authors: Chowdhury Sangeeta Roy
Published: June 2024

Individual or community Health care seeking is always linked to a decision-making process that is influenced by a variety of variables, including household habits, social norms, health beliefs and disease perceptions, as well as the accessibility and availability of medical facilities. Thus, care seeking is diverse in nature. Indigenous communities define medical care, illness etiology, and treatment within social contexts. Their recent embrace of contemporary medications and medical facilities has changed the nature of care seeking behaviour. The current study is based on a primary field study that was carried out among the Rajbanshis of Koch Bihar and demonstrates the type and degree of indigenous peoples' acceptance of both traditional and modern health care systems.
A Study on Attitude towards Upcycled Food Adoption and its Predictors
Authors: Kaur Harsandaldeep , Kaur Manpreet
Published: June 2024

The awareness and concern among consumers about the consequences of food wastage have given birth to the adoption of upcycled food. So, it is the need of the hour to determine the possible predictors of consumer attitudes towards upcycling food and this study attempts to fulfil this need. To achieve the goals of the study, data was collected from 189 university students. In order to analyse the impact of predictors on attitude towards upcycled food adoption, structural equation modelling approach was employed using smart PLS 4 software. The findings indicated that environmental concerns, food neophobia, and awareness of food waste consequences had a significant impact on attitude towards upcycled food adoption. Furthermore, environmental concern has largest impact on the attitude towards upcycled food adoption, while price consciousness did not have a significant impact on attitude towards upcycled food adoption. As policy recommendation, marketing managers can use environmental appeals and attractive packaging to promote the adoption of upcycled food.
Revitalizing Primary Education in West Bengal: Challenges, Initiatives, and Recommendations
Authors: Alam Intikhab
Published: June 2024

The primary education system in West Bengal, India, plays a crucial role in shaping the foundation of young learners, yet it faces numerous challenges that hinder its effectiveness and quality. This research paper aims to explore the challenges faced by the primary education system in West Bengal, the initiatives taken to address these challenges, and provide recommendations for revitalizing primary education in the region. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, government reports, and educational policies, this paper identifies key challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, low student retention rates, and disparities in access to quality education. Additionally, socio-economic factors, cultural barriers, and administrative inefficiencies further exacerbate the issues faced by primary education in West Bengal. In response to these challenges, various initiatives have been introduced by the government, non-profit organizations, and educational institutions to improve the quality of primary education. These initiatives include teacher training programs, infrastructure development projects, curriculum reforms, and community engagement activities aimed at enhancing student learning outcomes and overall school performance. By implementing these recommendations and building upon the existing initiatives, it is possible to create a more robust and inclusive primary education system in West Bengal that empowers students with the knowledge and skills necessary for a brighter future. This research paper serves as a stepping stone towards fostering positive changes in primary education and laying the groundwork for a more equitable and sustainable educational landscape in the region.
The changing nature of ideological change in post-sixties Hindi stories: general analysis
Authors: Singh Abhimanyu
Published: June 2024

Literature of every era follows the trends of its time, therefore it has a deep connection with politics and ideology. If we talk in the context of Hindi stories, then every story movement has a strong ideological basis on which it develops. The story encompasses the trends of the renaissance and nationalist movement before independence, and also displays social change through the medium of subject matter and craft. Therefore, the history of the story cannot be understood by disconnecting it from its social context and expressed ideology. The change in this genre of literature in every era develops under the influence of the social and political circumstances of the time. In the light of the ideological instability that started in the society over time, movements like Akahani, Sachetan Kahani, Sahaj Kahani and Parallel Kahani emerged in the post-sixties era after the Nayi Kahani movement.
Abstract in Hindi Language: 
हर काल का साहित्य अपने समय की प्रवृत्तियों को लेकर चलता है इसलिए उसका राजनीति और विचारधारा के साथ गहरा संबंध होता है। हिंदी कहानी के संदर्भ में यदि बात की जाए तो प्रत्येक कहानी आंदोलन का एक मजबूत वैचारिक आधार दिखाई देता है जिसपर कि वह विकसित होती है। आजादी से पहले नवजागरण और राष्ट्रवादी आंदोलन की प्रवृत्तियों को कहानी अपने में समेटती है, साथ ही सामाजिक परिवर्तन को कथ्य और शिल्प के माध्यम से प्रदर्शित भी करती है। इसलिए कहानी के इतिहास को उसके सामाजिक संदर्भों तथा व्यक्त विचारधारा से काटकर नहीं समझा जा सकता है। हर युग में साहित्य की इस विधा में होने वाला परिवर्तन तत्कालीन सामाजिक और राजनैतिक परिस्थितियों के प्रभाव में विकसित होता है। कालांतर में समाज में जो वैचारिक अस्थिरता का दौर शुरू हुआ उसी के प्रकाश में नयी कहानी आंदोलन के बाद साठोत्तरी दौर में अकहानी, सचेतन कहानी, सहज कहानी और समानांतर कहानी जैसे आंदोलन उभरकर सामने आये।
Keywords: कहानी, साठोत्तरी, विचारधारा, साहित्य।
Social value transition in Hindi novels based on partition of India
Authors: Kumar Sanjaya
Published: June 2024

After the independence of India, India was partitioned and a new nation named Pakistan emerged which was created on the basis of religion. Before the partition of India, people of Hindu and Muslim religions lived in a cultural society and there was unity among them even in literary terms. But the partition of India which was the result of the policies of the colonial period ended the cultural unity here, due to which there was a transition of values in the Hindi literature of India, in which social, political, religious, cultural and economic value transitions were prominent. Keeping in view the importance of the subject in Hindi literature, a study of social value transition is presented. Novels of Hindi literature is very close to the social life here, due to which the situations that arose in the society due to the partition of India were prominently taken up in the novels of Hindi literature.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
भारत की स्वतंत्रता के बाद भारत का विभाजन कर पाकिस्तान नाम से एक नये राष्ट्र का उद्य हुआ जो कि धर्म के आधार पर निर्मित किया गया था। चूकि भारत का विभाजन से पूर्व हिन्दू एवं मुस्लिम धर्म के लोग एक सांस्कृतिक समाज में निवास करते थे और साहित्यिक दृष्टि से भी उनमें एकता थी। परन्तु भारत विभाजन ने जो की औपनिवेशिक काल की नीतियों का परिणाम था उसने यहां की सांस्कृतिक एकता को समाप्त करने का कार्य किया जिससे भारत के हिन्दी साहित्य में मूल्यों का संक्रमण हुआ जिसमें सामाजिक, राजनैतिक, धार्मिक सांस्कृतिक एवं आर्थिक मूल्य संक्रमण प्रमुख थे। हिन्दी साहित्य में विषय की महत्वपूर्णता को दृष्टिगत रखते हुए सामाजिक मूल्य संक्रमण का अध्ययनरत प्रस्तुत है। हिन्दी साहित्य के उपन्यास यहां की सामाजिक जीवन से अत्यधिक समीप में जिस कारण भारत विभाजन से जो स्थितियों समाजा में उत्पन्न हुई उनको हिन्दी साहित्य के उपन्यासो में प्रमुखता से लिया गया।
Keywords: सामाजिक मूल्य, विभाजन, भारत, हिंदी साहित्य
Role of Hanuman Ji in the context of search for Sita in Sanskrit Literature
Authors: Saini Naresh Singh
Published: June 2024

This research explores the pivotal role of Hanuman Ji in the search for Sita as depicted in Sanskrit literature, particularly in the Ramayana. Analyzing key texts, the study examines Hanuman's characteristics, actions, and his significance in the narrative. Hanuman's journey, his encounters, and his devotion to Lord Rama are highlighted to understand his contribution to Sita's rescue. This research underscores Hanuman's embodiment of courage, loyalty, and intelligence, illustrating his integral role in the epic. Through a detailed textual analysis, the study reveals how Hanuman's search for Sita enriches the moral and spiritual dimensions of Sanskrit epic tradition.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
इस शोध में संस्कृत साहित्य, विशेष रूप से रामायण में सीता की खोज में हनुमान जी की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका का अन्वेषण किया गया है। मुख्य ग्रंथों का विश्लेषण करते हुए, अध्ययन हनुमान के गुणों, कार्यों और कथा में उनके महत्व की जाँच करता है। हनुमान की यात्रा, उनके अनुभव और भगवान राम के प्रति उनकी भक्ति को उजागर किया गया है ताकि सीता की मुक्ति में उनके योगदान को समझा जा सके। यह शोध हनुमान के साहस, वफादारी और बुद्धिमत्ता के प्रतीक को रेखांकित करता है, जो महाकाव्य में उनकी महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका को दर्शाता है। विस्तृत पाठ्य विश्लेषण के माध्यम से, अध्ययन यह प्रकट करता है कि सीता की खोज में हनुमान का योगदान संस्कृत महाकाव्य परंपरा के नैतिक और आध्यात्मिक आयामों को कैसे समृद्ध करता है।
Keywords: हनुमान जी, सीता, संस्कृत साहित्य
G. E. Moore: Evil
Authors: Ranjan Rajanee
Published: June 2024

According to Moore, like auspicious things, inauspicious things are also organic. In other words, there are many factors in the experience of inauspicious things - emotional aspect, cognitive aspect, belief etc. The value of all these parts is different but the value of the whole is not equal to the separate values of all the parts. Moore says that inauspicious things can be classified into categories: (1) Getting pleasure from inauspicious and ugly things. (2) Hating auspicious and beautiful things. (3) Experiencing intense pain. Regarding the first category of inauspicious things, Moore says: The first class consists of There evils, which seen always to include an enjoyment or admiring contemplation of things which are either evil or ugly. For a clear explanation of this type of inauspiciousness, Moore gives the example of 'cruelty' and 'Lasciviousneos'. Moore says that if we imagine a person whose mind is filled with only these two evils, then we can easily consider them to be inherently evil. Again, if we imagine a situation where there are only such people whose minds are filled with these two evils, then we will definitely call such a situation evil and to be precise, this situation will not be evil only as a means, but will be inherently evil.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
मूर के अनुसार शुभ वस्तुओं की तरह अशुभ वस्तुएँ भी आवयविक होती है। दूसरे शब्दों में अशुभ पदार्थों के अनुभव में कई तथ्य हैं- भावनात्मक पक्ष, ज्ञानात्मक  पक्ष, विश्वास आदि। इन सभी अंगों का मूल्य अलग-अलग है पर संपूर्ण का मूल्य सभी अंगों के पृथक मूल्यों के बराबर नहीं होता है। मूर का कहना है कि अशुभों को वर्गों में वर्गीकृत किया जा सकता हैः-(1) अशुभ एवं कुरूप वस्तुओं का आनन्द प्राप्त करना। (2) शुभ तथा सुन्दर वस्तुओं से घृणा करना । (3) तीव्र पीड़ा का अनुभव । प्रथम वर्ग के अशुभ के विषय में मूर कहते हैः प्रथम वर्ग में वैसे अशुभ आते है जिनके अन्तर्गत अशुभ अथवा कुरूप वस्तुओं का आनन्द उठाना अथवा उन पर प्रशंसात्मक चिंतन करना सम्मिलित रहता है। इस प्रकार के अशुभ की स्पष्ट व्याख्या के लिए मूर ’क्रूरता’ तथा ’कामुकता’ का उदाहरण देते है। मूर का कहना है कि यदि हम एक ऐसे व्यक्ति की कल्पना करें जिसके मन में सिर्फ ये दोनों कुवृत्तियों ही भरी हों तो सहज ही इन्हें स्वतः अशुभ समझ सकते हैं, पुनः यदि एक ऐसी स्थिति की कल्पना करें, जहाँ सिर्फ वैसे ही व्यक्ति हैं जिनका मन इन्हीं दो कुवृत्तियों से परिपूर्ण हैं  तो निश्चित रूप से हम ऐसी स्थिति को अशुभ कहेंगे और स्पष्ट रूप से कहें तो यह स्थिति साधन के रूप में ही अशुभ नहीं होगी, बल्कि स्वतः अशुभ होगी।
Keywords: स्वतःशुभ, आवयविक एकता, प्रशंसात्मक विचार, अशुभत्व, विशलेषणात्मक पद्धति, आदर्शवादी उपयोगितावाद।
Medical tourism of Indian diaspora “back home”
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Raj Papia
Published: June 2024

Migration, diaspora, tourism, and health have emerged as prime research interests among social scientists. Interdisciplinary studies are being conducted on the interface of two or more of these domains analysing complex social mobility patterns, such as medical tourism, diaspora tourism, diasporic medical tourism and their like. Among these, medical tourism has emerged as a new form of transnational movement. Within this premise, diasporic dimension of medical travel has amassed substantial importance in contemporary times. These ethnic communities contribute to their homeland in form of investment, philanthropy, and development through healthcare production and consumption. This phenomenon is more prominent in India which is among the top medical tourism destinations and also holds the largest diaspora in the world. Indian government has formulated policies for attracting diasporas back home and also for developing the medical tourism potential of the country. However, there is need to merge the initiatives operational in these two different fields at ground level to obtain maximum benefit. At present, no study gives a nuanced account integrating these two disparate phenomena. Therefore, based on extensive literature review, the paper will seek to integrate the dimensions of medical tourism and diaspora tourism and thus, underline the phenomenon of medical tourism by Indian diaspora at their homeland. The systematic review pointed a large gap in academia within the domain of diasporic medical tourism in Indian context. Research situated around this domain is highly solicited as such studies will contribute substantially to the discourse of diaspora for development.
Social concerns in Narendra Kohli's novel 'Abhyudaya' based on Ram Katha
Authors: Saini Suresh Kumar
Published: June 2024

The era of epics had passed, the carrier of the 'story' element of literature was now prose and not poetry. The way young Kohli, with the power of his timeless talent, incarnated the very conventional Ram Katha in the form of a novel, has now become a golden page in the history of Hindi literature. By tearing apart the darkness of ages, he took the story of Lord Ram out of the sentimentality of the Bhakti period and placed it on the ground of modern reality. Kohli ji has incorporated many of these characteristics in his novel 'Abhyudaya' based on Ram Katha. Accepting the greatness of the story, the human ability of the character, the contemporary human perspective etc.; in his works, he has tried to free the ancient stories like 'Ram' and 'Krishna' from supernaturalism and miraculousness and see their characters and contexts on a human level.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
महाकाव्य का जमाना बीत चुका था, साहित्य के ‘कथा’ तत्त्व का संवाहक अब पद्य नहीं, गद्य बन चुका था। अत्याधिक रूढ़ हो चुकी रामकथा को युवा कोहली ने अपनी कालजयी प्रतिभा के बल पर जिस प्रकार उपन्यास के रूप में अवतरित किया, वह तो अब हिन्दी साहित्य के इतिहास का एक स्वर्णिम पृष्ठ बन चुका है। युगों-युगों के अन्धकार को चीरकर उन्होंने भगवान राम की कथा को भक्तिकाल की भावुकता से निकाल कर आधुनिक यथार्थ की जमीन पर खड़ा कर दिया। कोहली जी ने अपनी रामकथा पर आधृत उपन्यास ‘अभ्युदय’ में इनमें से अनेक विशेषताओं का समाहार किया है। कथा की महानता, पात्र की मानवीय क्षमता, तद्युगीन मानवीय दृष्टिकोण आदि को स्वीकार करते हुए; इन्होंने अपनी रचनाओं में ‘राम‘ और ‘कृष्ण‘ जैसे पुरातन कथाओं को अलौकिकता और चमत्कारिता से मुक्त कर, उनके पात्रों और संदर्भों को मानवीय धरातल पर देखने का प्रयत्न किया है।
Keywords: नरेन्द्र कोहली, उपन्यास, समकालीन रामकथा, सामाजिक सरोकार
Criteria for Building Residential Arrangement Models on the Coastal Island System of Vietnam
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Thu
Published: June 2024

This research marks a significant milestone by proposing a set of comprehensive criteria for building residential arrangement models on Vietnam's coastal island system. The unique characteristics of these islands, such as their limited space and resources, pose complex challenges for population placement. Therefore, establishing the proper criteria for population placement is crucial and pivotal to ensure this area's sustainable and harmonious development. The author has meticulously derived 13 essential criteria from various data sources, including articles, project topics, field surveys, and expert consultations. These criteria are not just a theoretical framework but a practical tool to build a reasonable population arrangement model to bring sustainable, diverse, and harmonious development to the island community.
A Presentation of the Role of Women through Food in the Select Novels of Kire and Dai
Authors: Boro Khanin , Bhowmik Pratusha
Published: June 2024

This paper will analyse and examine a study of ethnicity and memory in terms of food as reflected in the select fictions of Easterine Kire and Mamang Dai, two well-known writers from North east of India. Food invariably plays an important role in signifying one’s race, ethnicity, gender, identity and culture. The tribal women of the north east have a wide range of knowledge regarding ethnic food habits which is highlighted in this paper. The womenfolk receive more respect in terms of food in the community because being the dwellers of the periphery the menfolk go for hunting to provide nutritious food of the flesh of wild animals.  If we trace back during NEPA days in Arunachal Pradesh, the conflict between tribes was very much common. Thus, the women of the house work as equal as men to run the families and most pathetically women have to give birth during their harvest in the paddy fields. Therefore, food is a marker of existence and ethnicity in the tribal society of the north east India. It also highlights the various conflict between the British and the NEFA tribes and how secluded the tribes were in the post-independence India.
Evaluation of the Teacher Professional Development Model at Junior High Schools in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Anh
Published: June 2024

Teacher professional development is an indispensable part of a pedagogical career. In essence, teacher professional development is the process of increasing the adaptability of teachers' professional work. It is a long process and is carried out in a variety of ways. It can be done formally or informally. Although teacher professional development is highly appreciated for its importance and impact on the quality of teachers and student learning outcomes, in reality, these activities are not effective in assessing teacher professional competence and student achievement at junior high schools in Hanoi city. Research results indicate problems with the teacher professional development model at junior high schools in Hanoi including (1) teacher professional development not meeting society's needs; (2) teacher professional development has not become a content that needs to be managed in junior high school management; (3) The role in supporting colleagues' career development is still vague.
Challenges of the Vietnam education system from 1986 to 2000s: A historical analysis
Authors: Thi Phuong Tran
Published: June 2024

The paper focuses on researching the obstacles that the Vietnamese educational system witnessed from 1986 to 2000s. In this research, qualitative methods are my main methodology. This research investigates various materials from policies, articles, books, and several relevant components. As a result, the Vietnamese educational system underwent a dramatic change, mainly influenced by policies and economics back then. In other words, the government has claimed several achievements while facing some major difficulties.
Traditional Agricultural Production in Changing Land Use Pattern in the Himalayan State Uttarakhand
Authors: Vishleshwar  , Chanyal P. C.
Published: June 2024

Uttarakhand is a Himalayan state with more than 70% population is depended on agriculture and allied activities. Increasing population has its significant role in the changing land use in the world at present. Changing land use pattern is affecting the livelihood practice everywhere. Uttarakhand is a small state with a difficult terrain. A small approximately 14% of plain area, where agriculture is in vast and in a commercial way. But almost 86% of total land in the Uttarakhand is only in sustenance and in primitive way. It has been found that changing land use pattern is directly impacting agriculture practice in the Uttarakhand. This study is aims to identify the status of land use change as well as the status of agriculture in this changing scenario of land use in the Uttarakhand.
Relevance of Swami Vivekananda's philosophy in India's renaissance
Authors: Singh Karamjeet
Published: June 2024

The 19th century is considered to be the century of religious and social renaissance in India. During this period, people influenced by western education started testing social traditions, religion, customs and cultural traditions on the touchstone of logic and tried to give a new direction to the society. Swami Vivekananda's place in this context is very important. Swami Vivekananda has played an important role in the field of social, religious and political renaissance in India. A great man thinks, understands and expresses his views about the situation of his time. The poverty, education, agriculture, women empowerment and other major problems that existed in Swami Vivekananda's time have not ended even today. Vivekananda had also thought about them at that time and also suggested ways to deal with them, but today's ruling people do not have the time to pay attention to them. Not only this, these learned men have also created different types of Vivekanandas according to their convenience.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
19वीं सदी को भारत में धार्मिक और सामाजिक पुनर्जागरण की सदी माना जाता है। इस दौरान पाश्चात्य शिक्षा से प्रभावित लोगों ने सामाजिक परम्परा, धर्म, रीति-रिवाज और सांस्कृतिक परम्पराओं को तर्क की कसौटी पर कसना शुरू किया और समाज को एक नई दिशा देने की कोशिश की। इस कड़ी में स्वामी विवेकानंद का स्थान बेहद महत्वपूर्ण है। स्वामी विवेकानंद ने भारत में सामाजिक, धार्मिक और राजनीतिक पुनर्जागरण के क्षेत्र में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई हैं। महापुरुष अपने समय की स्थिति के बारे में सोचता, समझता और अपने विचार रखता हैं। जो गरीबी, शिक्षा, खेती, महिला सशक्तिकरण और अन्य बड़ी समस्याओं स्वामी विवेकानंद के समय में थी , वे आज भी समाप्त नहीं हुई हैं। उस समय पर विवेकानंद ने भी विचार किया था और इनका सामना करने के तरीके भी बताए थे लेकिन आज के सत्तारूढ़ लोगों को इन पर गौर करने की फुर्सत ही नहीं है। इतना ही नहीं, इन ज्ञानी-पंडितों ने अपनी सुविधा के अनुसार तरह-तरह के विवेकानंद भी गढ़ लिए हैं।
Keywords: स्वामी विवेकानंद, दर्शन, पुनर्जागरण, सामाजिक, राजनीतिक।
Rise and development of Sarvodaya ideology in the thought process of women of Gandhian era
Authors: Singh Sadhana
Published: June 2024

The period from 1920 to 1947 in Indian politics is the Gandhi era. During this period Gandhiji was the top man in India and he influenced all the spheres of Indian life. The national movement led by him created an unprecedented awakening among Indian women. Gandhiji had included the progress of women in his constructive programme. According to him, women have been suppressed by such laws and rituals for which men are responsible and women have had no hand in creating them. In a social system built on the foundation of non-violence, women have as much right to determine their own destiny as men. But in a non-violent society every right arises from the discharge of duty. Therefore, it is natural that the rules of social behaviour should be made through mutual cooperation and exchange of views. They can never be imposed from outside. Men have not fully realised this truth in their behaviour towards women. Instead of considering women as their friends and allies, they have considered themselves their masters and rulers.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
भारतीय राजनीति में 1920 से 1947 तक का काल गांधी युग है। इस काल में गाँधीजी भारत के शिखर पुरूष थे और उन्होंने भारतीय जीवन के सभी क्षेत्रों पर अपना प्रभाव डाला। उनके द्वारा संचालित राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन ने भारतीय महिलाओं में अभूतपूर्व जागृति उत्पन्न की। गाँधीजी ने स्त्रियों की उन्नति को अपने रचनात्मक कार्यक्रम में शामिल किया था। उनके अनुसार स्त्री ऐसे कानूनों और रस्म-रिदाजों से दबा दी गई है जिनके लिए पुरूष जिम्मेदार है और जिनके गढ़ने में स्त्री का कोई हाथ नहीं रहा। अहिंसा की नींव पर रची हुई समाज-व्यवस्था में स्त्री को अपने भाग्य का विधान करने का उतना ही अधिकार है जितना पुरूष को। परन्तु अहिंसक समाज में प्रत्येक अधिकार कर्तव्य-पालन से उत्पन्न होता है। इसलिए यह स्वाभाविक है कि सामाजिक व्यवहार के नियम पारस्परिक सहयोग और विचार-विनिमय से बनाए जाएं। वे कभी बाहर से लादे नहीं जा सकते। स्त्रियों के प्रति अपने व्यवहार में पुरूषों ने यह सत्य पूरी तरह महसूस नहीं किया है। स्त्रियों को अपने मित्र और सहयोगी समझने के बजाए उन्होंने अपने को उनका स्वामी और शासक माना है।
Keywords: भारतीय राजनीति, शासक, आंदोलन, सामाजिक व्यवहार
Specific aspects of considering the age of female swimmers age in a process of long-term training and sports excellence planning
Authors: Amshennikova I.V.
Published: June 2024

Modern swimming is characterized by a significant increase in the age at which swimmers show great results as well as in the increased duration of their performances at the highest level. In competition, in particular, many swimmers, both male and female, achieve success, setting world records and winning medals at the Olympic Games and world championships at the age of 27 and above. The article analyzes the age of male swimmers of the Ukrainian national swimming team between 2021 and 2024. It also considers their compliance with favorable zones for gaining the first success and achieving maximum application of individual abilities. It has been stated that over the past four years, the main line-up of the Ukrainian national swimming team has mostly consisted of 17-22-year-old swimmers. After the age of 21 and above, while the athletes’ results are expected to increase due to the maturation of physical and functional indicators. However, an opposite significant decline in the achievements of the national team has been marked and it has been stated that only 20% of sportsmen manage to remain among the strongest athletes in a team. Taking all the facts into consideration, athletes are being concerned to be exposed to highly intensive accelerated physical training, which results in a rapid increase in sports achievements among teenagers and adolescents.The article emphasizes the importance of youth competitions organization that provide achievement of educational and cultural goals. Whereas, the results gained at them should be regarded only as an intermediate stage of long-term sports development. Conclusions have been drawn in the article about the need to avoid harmful effects of the exploitation of talented young athletes of Ukraine that leads to intensifying of their regular training. This fact is associated with the violation of laws and principles that are meant to be the base of a rational long-term training.The purpose of the research was to create a well- balanced and rational long-term training for talented young swimmers.Scientific novelty of the research underlies in determining the age of the strongest swimmers of Ukraine in recent years and bringing arguments to their correspondence to the requirements of modern world swimming.
The effectiveness of the use of crossfit tools in the physical training of boxers with higher education
Authors: Bazilevich N.O. , Shtanagey D.V. , Yurchenko I.V. , Movchan V.P. , Zadvornyi M.V.
Published: June 2024

The problem of finding the most effective ways and means of improving the physical fitness of students of higher education institutions who are engaged in boxing remains relevant. Some experts recommend physical exercises of a complex nature, others - specialized physical exercises using non-traditional physical means. One such tool can be Crossfit, which today has become one of the «brands» of fitness and is popular among young people, as it allows everyone to perform exercises at the same time, which ensures a high density of training, with the maximum variation of available inventory and equipment.
The purpose of the study is to experimentally check the influence of crossfit tools on the physical fitness of students of higher education who are engaged in the boxing section.
Research methodology. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks: analysis of scientific and methodological literature; sociological methods (surveys, interviews, questionnaires); pedagogical methods (pedagogical observation, testing, pedagogical experiment); methods of mathematical statistics.
The scientific novelty of the research consists in the improvement of the technique of using crossfit tools to increase the level of physical fitness of students of higher education who have chosen the boxing section.
The results. The implemented technique of using crossfit tools in the educational and training process of student boxers provided for compliance with the following provisions: the use of crossfit tools for the development of physical qualities in each session; compliance of crossfit equipment with the level of physical fitness of students; gradual increase in load taking into account functional changes in the body of higher education students; the use of crossfit exercises in accordance with the motor abilities and skills of students, as well as the material and technical support of higher education institutions; the use of a diverse arsenal of crossfit exercises to improve the technical training of student boxers; alternation of exercises depending on the activity of certain muscle groups.
Conclusions. The obtained results testify to the effectiveness of the use of crossfit tools in the educational and training process with students of the faculty of physical education of pedagogical universities who chose the boxing section.
Athletics exercises as a means of developing professional competence of higher education applicants
Authors: Bazylevych N.O. , Shulga M.P. , Polishchuk V.V. , Samolyuk A.A. , Volkivsky M.V.
Published: June 2024

The article reflects the problem of using athletics to develop the professional competence of applicants for higher education at a pedagogical university. Increasing the physical and mental performance of applicants for modern higher education institutions requires solving a number of urgent problems related to the scientific validity of more rational forms, methods and means of promoting the health, physical fitness and professional competence of students.
The purpose of the study is to optimize athletics facilities for the development of professional competence of students.
Research methodology: the analysis of scientific and methodological literature made it possible to formulate an opinion about the state and future of the problem under consideration; pedagogical methods aimed at determining the effectiveness of the implemented method of using athletics equipment (pedagogical control, pedagogical observation, testing); methods of mathematical statistics were used to process and analyze experimental data.
The scientific novelty lies in improving the methodology for using athletics to develop the professional competence of future physical education teachers.
Research results. When organizing athletics classes with students in the experimental group, the following general provisions were observed: the correct choice of athletics equipment for classes, as a result of which the impact was carried out on specific muscle groups and body systems; rational combination of different types of exercises in complex training; consistent use of athletics to develop certain physical qualities; strictly dosed physical activity; use of modern special equipment and sports equipment.
Results. Analyzing the general changes that occurred during the period of experimental work during classes with priority use of athletics with students of a pedagogical university, we can state reliable positive changes in the indicators of both the physical fitness of the subjects and the level of their knowledge and skills. The obtained indicators indicate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for using athletics in the formation of professional competence of higher education applicants.
Investigation of the relationship between the levels of manifestation of complex sensorimotor reactions of taekwondo athletes
Authors: Baibikov M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: to establish and analyze the relationship between the levels of manifestation of complex sensorimotor reactions of taekwondo players. Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; method of psychophysiological measurements; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: It is established, that the reaction time of a choice at highly skilled taekwondoists of the senior age is lower (better), than at taekwondoists-juniors from group 2 on 9,86% (p<0,05). Highly skilled taekwondoists have the smallest range of variation, which indicates more stable or consistent results. A higher median level and a larger range of values were observed in the group of junior taekwondoists, which indicates a greater variability of data in this group. The analysis of the average time of reaction of a choice at each stage separately showed that at highly skilled taekwondoists of the senior age this index increases on average on 88,12 ms, at taekwondoists-juniors - on 78,04 ms. The moderate inverse correlation by the criterion of Pearson between age and reaction time in group 2 (r=-0,52; p<0,05) is revealed, in group 1 such connection is not observed (r=0,07; p>0,05). The statistically significant positive relation according to Spearman's criterion between the time of choice reaction and the time of reaction to a moving object in both groups of sportsmen was established (for group 1: r=0,92; p<0,05. For group 2: r=0,50; p<0,05). It is established that the offered tests are an adequate and informative tool and can be used for monitoring of a functional condition of sportsmen in martial arts, in particular taekwon-do. Conclusions. The results of the comparative analysis of the manifestation of the choice reaction showed that highly skilled taekwondoists of the older age have it developed better than taekwondoists-juniors (p<0,05). Also the indicators of taekwondo juniors have a greater variability. The results of the analysis of interconnections between complex sensorimotor reactions confirmed that highly skilled sportsmen of older age have better developed abilities to quick and exact reaction than taekwondo juniors.
Table tennis as a type of motor activity for higher education students
Authors: Beihul Ihor , Beihul Olena , Hladoshchuk Olexandr
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To consider the effectiveness of table tennis in physical education classes in higher education institutions. Research methods. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature; study and generalization of leading pedagogical experience; pedagogical observations. Results. Playing table tennis helps develop agility and speed. The pace of the game here varies from 30 to 120 beats per minute, the speed of movement of the hand with the racket reaches more than 11 m/s (40 km/h). Playing table tennis helps to develop and maintain high mobility in such joints as shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, and spinal joints. Table tennis is one of the sports characterized by aerobic support. The health-improving and psychotherapeutic effect of table tennis is primarily due to its aerobic nature. Conclusions. The use of table tennis classes within the discipline "Physical Education" contributes to the strengthening of health, improvement of physical fitness and development of physical qualities of applicants during their studies at a higher education institution. Table tennis is an effective means of preparing young people for industrial work, whose profession is characterized by good physical qualities, high intensity, stability, speed and accuracy of attention switching, high reaction speed and accuracy.