bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIRTUAL REALITY AS A TRAINING TOOL IMPACT ON UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Mezaraupa Marta , Jamonte Linda , Ceire Undine
Published: July 2024

Approximately half of children with cerebral palsy (CP) may sustain dysfunctions in upper-extremity activities, such as reaching, grasping, and manipulation. Moreover, several children with CP experience tightness or weakness in their arms and hand muscles, which can lead to difficulty performing daily tasks such as dressing, feeding, performing in school, playing, or academic tasks such as writing. These limitations can lead to reduced health-related quality of life. Growing interest has been developing interventions for children with CP based on assistive technology like virtual reality (VR). VR-based systems in children with CP mostly focus on the lower extremities and ambulation (e.g., walking activity, balance, gait and gross motor skills). However, new treatment approaches are needed to improve upper extremity functions. This systematic review aimed to determine if VR technology as a training tool can increase upper extremity function for children with Cerebral palsy. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines and a literature search in six electronic databases was carried out from November 2021 to May 2024. The quality of the research was assessed by using the PEDRO scale. The findings show that using VR technology as a rehabilitation tool improves upper extremity function. Conventional therapy can be replaced with VR-based therapy, but more randomized and specific studies on the subject are needed in the future.
SOCIAL- EMOTIONAL LEARNING IN THEATER ART CLASSES IN SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Sunaksle Laura , Pavitola Linda
Published: July 2024

This article is a theoretical study that explores the concept of social-emotional learning in the context of Theatre Arts lessons in Latvian school education. In the last decades, the belief that it is not enough for the student to acquire factual knowledge only has been strengthened. The concept of social-emotional learning was created 20 years ago and has only now been introduced into Latvian educational guidelines. The study aims to establish a theoretical basis for the possibility of implementing effective social-emotional learning in Theatre Art lessons by developing social-emotional skills in students such as self-regulation, independent thinking, cooperation, and social awareness. The results certify that social-emotional learning fits organically into Theatre Arts and teachers’ awareness of teaching social-emotional skills is of great importance in this process.
PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF COMFREY (SYMPHYLUS OFFICINALE L.) ROOT EXTRACTS
Authors: Petkova Nadezhda , Stefanov Kristian , Ognyanov Manol , Mihaylova Dasha , Vassilev Dragomir
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the present study was to determinate the biologically active substance in 95% ethanol and subsequent water extracts from Bulgarian comfrey (Symphylus officinale L.) roots and to evaluate their antioxidant potential. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by several reliable methods such as DPPH-, ABTS-, FRAP-, CUPRAC-, ORAC and HORAC-assays, as well as the total phenolic content. In addition, the total organic, fructose and sugar content were determined by spectrophotomeric and HPLC-RID methods. The level of fructans in ethanol extracts was 25.2 g/100g dry weight, as nystose and 1-kestose were only 0.1g/100g dry weight, and 0.3g/100g dry weight, respectively. The absence of fructooligosacharides in water extracts after the ethanol pretreatment was established. Inulin content was evaluated to be 25.2 g/100 g dry weight. In addition, total uronic content was established to be 2.0 g/100 g dw as its level dominated in water extracts – 1.7 g/100 g dw, respectively. The metabolite profile of roots revealed their potential application as radical scavengers due to the presence of polyphenols. Phenolic acids (neochlorogenic, p-coumaric and gallic acids) and flavonoids (quecetin, myrecitin and naringin) were the dominant polyphenols in comfrey extracts. Therefore, the root extracts of Symphylus officinale L. could be assumed as a rich source of biologically active substance, in particular dietary fiber with potential prebiotic effect, due to the presence of polysaccharide inulin and fructooligosacharides.
EVALUATION OF ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA) WOOD STRUCTURE INFECTED BY FUNGI (PHELLINUS TREMULAE) AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR WIDER USE OF TIMBER IN STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
Authors: Miklašēvičs Ziedonis , Burnēviča Natālija , Iejavs Jānis , Šķēle Kaspars
Published: July 2024

The external characteristics of aspen (Populus tremula) tree give the only clue to the quality of logs, packing case timber, pulpwood and other roundwood assortments obtained in harvesting. When the tree is bucked into roundwood assortments, the cross sections at the butt and top ends of these assortments may provide additional indicators of the quality such as heart colouring, wetwood, heartwood hard rot and heartwood soft wood. Thus, it becomes important  when  correlating the occurrence of these imperfections with the quality of sawn timber that is produced from the aspen logs and packing case timber.; Although aspen has a wide distribution throughout Europe, there are no unified quality requirements for roundwood assortments due to lack of scientifically approved information related to wood structure. To identify the fungi caused aspen decay and describe the main anatomical changes generated by the fungi (Phellinus tremulae) Polymerase Chain Reaction laboratory technique were used in the investigation. The main goal of the study is to work out the aspen roundwood, harvested in final felling sites timber strength parameters depending on timber quality characterized data based on the testing methods: moisture content - according to ISO13061-1:2014; density - according to ISO13061-2:2014; compression strength paralel to the grain- according to  ISO 13061-17:2017; modulus of elasticity- according to  ISO 13061- 4:2014; three point bending strength - according to  ISO 13061- 3:2014.; The results of the study might help for practical applications so that this wood specie can be processed more efficiently for the value - added products and thorough knowledge of decay patterns of Phellinus tremulae are likely to assist to establish more accurate quality requirements for roundwood assortments and provide useful information for optimizing tree management programs.
REGULATING THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE
Authors: Praneviciene Birutė , Vasiliauskienė Violeta , Baneviciene Anželika
Published: July 2024

Transportation is a strategic sector of the EU’s economy and directly impacts the daily lives of all EU citizens. This industry is responsible for around 11 million jobs. It is vital for the integration of Europe, as interconnected and sustainable transport networks are necessary to complete and adequately function the European Single Market. Over the last few decades, passenger and freight transport volumes have grown, and they are expected to continue to do so, although at a slower pace.  Most passenger and freight transport is through road transport, and this article focuses on regulating road transport and its compatibility with the objectives of the European Green Deal.  The European Commission has put forth a set of propositions to align the EU's climate, energy, transport, and taxation policies to achieve a minimum reduction of 55% in net greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to the levels recorded in 1990. One proposition is to reduce road transport pollution by increasing the percentage of electric vehicles operating in the road transport sector. This paper aims to introduce the concept of the electric road vehicle, analyse the objectives of the European Green Deal, and discuss Lithuanian policy actions regarding electric road vehicles and related infrastructure.
THE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN MARKET ORIENTED AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN EUROPEAN UNION /BULGARIAN CASE STUDY/
Authors: Byanov Ivan
Published: July 2024

This article explores the development of market-oriented agricultural holdings in the European Union (EU), with a specific focus on the Bulgarian agricultural sector. By analyzing agricultural holdings within the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), the study aims to focus the challenges and opportunities faced by farmers in a market-driven agricultural landscape.;
The EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been instrumental in shaping the agriculture sector across member states. As the EU transitions towards a more market-oriented approach, agricultural holdings are required to adapt to changing market dynamics, technological advancements, and environmental sustainability. Hence these are the holdings which could deploy in practice the Agriculture 4.0 techniques.Through a comprehensive analysis of the FADN data, this article aims to identify the factors that contribute to the success or failure of market-oriented agricultural holdings in Bulgaria.;
The Bulgarian case study provides insights into the challenges faced by market-oriented agricultural holdings. The country's unique socio-economic characteristics, including a rural population and a history of agricultural production, make it an interesting case for analysis. The study examines key indicators such as farm size, land use, production diversity, and income levels within the FADN database. Furthermore, it explores the impact of EU policies, market integration, and access to financial resources on the development of these holdings.
RATIONALE FOR THE COMBINED CULTIVATOR DESIGN FOR CULTIVATING SOIL LITTERED WITH PLANT REMAINS OF ROUGH-STEMMED CROPS
Authors: Yermakov Serhii , Korchak Mykola , Duhanets Vasyl , Pukas Vitaliy , Vusatyi Mykola
Published: July 2024

After harvesting corn, an important question is to cultivate the soil and prepare the field for sowing another crop, because after harvesting there are root and leaf residues that need to be destroyed in time and quality, earning them in the soil.  Based on the analysis of the state of the field after harvesting corn, an assessment of quantitative and qualitative indicators of surface contamination and distribution of plant residues in rows and between rows was given.  This allowed us to draw conclusions about the effective method of tillage contaminated with crop residues of coarse-stemmed crops.  Taking into account the biological, physico-mechanical and morphological features of corn residues (fibrousness, elasticity, stiffness), it was concluded that for grinding post-harvest corn residues it is necessary to use active working bodies with L-shaped knives that will cultivate the soil to a depth of 6-8 cm.  grind stems and root parts, ensure a sufficient degree of grinding, good wrapping and mixing with the soil.  However, the high energy costs of milling the soil make us look for solutions for the strip use of cutters, while ensuring continuous tillage to a given depth.  According to the conclusions of these studies, a combined cultivator is proposed, which provides passive cultivation of the row spacing with folding of plant residues that are on the surface in the row zone, milling this area with cutters 20-25 cm wide.  This combination will allow to qualitatively prepare the field with grinding of all plant residues with minimization of energy costs and traction performance of the tractor. The proposed design of the cultivator-shredder is protected by a patent of Ukraine.
PREREQUISITES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BALTIC-BLACK SEA UNION
Authors: Dimitrova Sevdalina , Kikste Kaspars
Published: July 2024

The emergence of new challenges and threats in the modern world raises the issue of creating alliances and sub-alliances that could ensure security issues in the Baltic countries and Eastern Europe as a whole. This, in turn, requires the definition of a new security system, built taking into account regional interests and new approaches to the system of collective provision of stable development. Global institutions in the context of new military conflicts show their inability to make decisions or their unwillingness to define new frameworks and conditions of security. Based on this, it seems important to form a new regional sub-alliance in Europe to ensure security and interpret the Trimoria alliance. The formation of military alliances leads to increased interaction between countries both in the military sector and in the economy as a whole. Within the alliances, a practically unified security system is formed, which works on the same standards, strengthening control over trade policy and forming a common control within the framework of military policy or security policy and protection from real or potential threats.
FRUIT SHRUBS’ TWIGS AS A SOURCE OF VALUABLE OLIGOMERIC POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL
Authors: Janceva Sarmite , Andersone Anna , Lauberte Liga , Zaharova Natalija , Nikolajeva Vizma
Published: July 2024

To obtain a good harvest, regular pruning of fruit trees and bushes is necessary, which results in the accumulation of piles of cut twigs. These twigs are underutilized and form a large number of agricultural waste. Finding a use for this lignocellulosic biomass is necessary for the sustainable use of resources, as well as for creating additional income for berry growers and rural workers.
The purpose of the research was to evaluate the potential of branches of various fruit trees and shrubs as a source of valuable oligomeric polyphenolic compounds – proanthocyanidins, which have a wide range of biologically active properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, etc. Hydrophilic extracts of twigs of sea buckthorn (Hippopae rhamnoides L.), black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), red currant (Ribes rubrum), gooseberry (Grossulariaceae), quince (Cydonia oblonga), raspberry (Rubus L.), and grape (Vitis vinifera) were studied for the first time. The main process for isolating proanthocyanidins from the twigs is the extraction by ethanol-water solutions. The amount of extractive substances in the branches containing proanthocyanidins varied from 6 to 28% per DM. The highest content of proanthocyanidins was found in black chokeberry, quince, and sea buckthorn.
The proanthocyanidins isolation from hydrophilic extracts was carried out by Sephadex LH-20. The antimicrobial activity of dominant hydrophilic extracts and purified oligomeric proanthocyanidins was studied against eleven pathogenic bacteria and fungus: Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Erwinia rhapontici, Fusarium culmorum, Verticillium dahlia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes.
The MIC and MBC/MFC of extracts ranged from 2 to 6 mg/mL.  The antimicrobial activity of purified proanthocyanidins was 10 times higher than that of the extracts.
SOIL AMENDMENTS BASED ON FOREST LOGGING RESIDUES ON DILL (ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS L.) PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPOSITION
Authors: Janceva Sarmite , Andersone Anna , Zaharova Natalija , Nikolajeva Vizma , Svarta Agrita
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of low rates of application of environmentally friendly organo-mineral soil amendments on grown under organic farming conditions dill’s green mass yield and it’s composition, including the content of polyphenolic compounds. Soil amendments were obtained based on forest logging residues – lignocellulosic biomass, after isolation of polyphenols by water-ethanol extraction and enrichment with silicon (Si)-containing inorganic oligomer in various mass ratios. Lignocellulosic biomass is rich in polyphenols which can damage the functionality of the bacterial cell membranes thus inhibiting the growth of soil microorganisms. Polyphenols can be isolated from the lignocellulosic substrate and evaluated in further studies for their potential to protect plants from pathogenic microorganisms. The influence of the prepared soil amendments on soil microorganisms was tested. Field experiments were carried out in a certified biological field intended for scientific purposes. It was shown that soil amendments have a beneficial effect on the yield (42%) and a slight influence on the composition of dill at low amendment application rates. The addition of soil amendments also contributed to insignificant changes in the amount of polyphenols.  The soil amendments didn’t influence the soil microorganisms under study. The results confirmed the ability of the soil amendments based on the forest logging residues to activate dill growth.
EVALUATION OF OREGANO (ORIGANUM VULGARE L.) ACCESSIONS BY COMPLEX OF FUNCTIONAL TRAITS
Authors: Sivicka Irina , Adamovičs Aleksandrs
Published: July 2024

During 2012-2020, 44 oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare) accessions had been described at the ex situ collection of aromatic and medicinal plants (N 56º39 ́45.3 ́ ́; E 23º45 ́15.2), located at the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. The accessions were evaluated for morphological traits, growth and yield parameters, phenological properties, biochemical indices, plant resistance to diseases and pests, winter hardiness etc., using international Draft Descriptor List Origanum vulgare L. In our study, multi-criteria analysis was used to assign an overall value to each plant material as well accessions were grouped by complex of functional traits. In total, eleven accessions No. 2, 3, 12, 14, 17, 18, 24, 28, 29, 43 and 44, which had high evaluation of morphological and phenological properties, yield components, resistance to diseases and pests as well as winter hardiness, have the best growing potential in commercial plantations. Accessions No. 3, 9, 11, 14, 17, 23, 24, 26, 35 and 42, which were characterised by rare and unique morphological indices, high winter hardiness as well as resistance to diseases and pests, have the best potential as ornamentals. Accessions No. 23, 29 and 41 were selected as the best for food because of specific parameters, including yield`s quality (especially by content of C vitamin). Grouping or oregano accessions by complex of functional traits is important for selection the most valuable of them with specific features needed for cultivation, processing and trade.
STRENGTH AND FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF THE LOWER ARM OF A DOUBLE WISHBONE SUSPENSION OF A PASSENGER CAR
Authors: Taneva Stiliyana , Ambarev Krasimir , Penchev Stanimir
Published: July 2024

One of the main elements of the suspension system is the lower control arm, which serves to transmit horizontal forces from the wheels to the chassis, while also defining the nature of the wheel movements relative to the chassis and the road surface. The implementation of guiding, elastic, and damping devices requires a comprehensive modelling of the vehicle's motion during the design stage. This paper presents results from static strength analysis and frequency analysis of the lower control arm of an independent front double-wishbone suspension of a passenger car. For this purpose, a three-dimensional geometric model of the lower control arm was created, using the Honda Civic as a prototype for the passenger car. The loads under various operating conditions necessary for conducting static analysis were determined. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was employed using the Simulation module of the SolidWorks software to solve the problem. Stresses, displacements, natural frequencies, and modes of the control arm were determined. The results were compared with experimentally obtained data for the natural frequencies.
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR AND STIFFNESS OF A POLYURETHANE BUSHING OF A PASSENGER CAR SUSPENSION
Authors: Taneva Stiliyana , Penchev Stanimir , Ambarev Krasimir
Published: July 2024

Suspension bushings play an important role in reducing vibrations, minimizing noise, absorbing road irregularities, and controlling joint movements. Polyurethane bushings, in particular, contribute to improved vehicle handling, exhibiting lower moments of inertia and greater strength under increased loads. However, this enhancement in performance may come at the expense of reduced ride comfort. This paper presents the results of a study on the mechanical characteristics of polyurethane material and the stiffness of bushings made from the same material, specifically in the context of the MacPherson front independent suspension. To achieve this, mechanical tension tests were conducted on polyurethane specimens, obtaining stress-strain curves. Additionally, a three-dimensional geometric model of the polyurethane bushing was created using the SolidWorks software. The paper presents the results of bushing stiffness obtained through nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Experimental determination of radial stiffness was also performed, and the results were compared for validation.
INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN INTERNAL BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Chipriyanova Galina , Chipriyanov Mihail , Luchkov Kiril
Published: July 2024

The research focuses on the attitudes and readiness of organizations to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology into their internal business processes. The present study aims to determine how organizations perceive technological innovations related to AI. Specific goals include measuring the degree of readiness and acceptance of technological innovations by organizations, as well as identifying factors influencing the success or failure of this process. The main object is AI technology and its potential for enhancing the efficiency of internal business process management. The significance of this analysis is threefold, providing valuable information on current trends and challenges in internal business processes and their transformation under the influence of AI. In the course of the study shall be justified the thesis that AI technology holds significant potential for optimizing internal business processes, that is not yet fully realized and utilized due to various obstacles. Overcoming these obstacles is possible through individualized strategies, the establishment of ethical standards, active training, and other measures that contribute to the successful integration of artificial intelligence into organizational dynamics. The methodology includes a comprehensive literature review combined with the use of questionnaire surveys, Gap analysis and SWOT analysis. The main conclusions are related to the diversity in motivations among surveyed companies, necessitating differentiated strategies. Improving operational efficiency and customer service, and enhancing competitiveness, transpire as driving power for AI implementation. Evaluating attitudes reveals differences in readiness among business organizations, resp. some of them actively taking steps to implement AI, while others are still exploring possibilities or are uncertain about the overall approach to adopt. The recommendations for organizations are multifaceted. Constantly exploring new technologies and updating approaches are necessary for a sustainable transition to more intelligent business process management.
A GENERALIZED NET MODEL OF COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Iliev Rosen , Kochankov Miroslav
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the topic is related to the search for ways to support management in the military field by improving the command and control system (C2-system) of the armed forces. The purpose of the paper is to present an original generalized net model (GN-model) of a command and control system for the needs of the armed forces, including three main elements - personnel, structure and equipment, procedures. Through the integration of these three elements in the created GN-model to provide an opportunity for more detailed testing of different implementation options of the C2-system, even before its implementation in the process of managing the armed forces. To verify the GN-model, a simulation was performed in the GN IDE simulation environment and some results are presented. Some possible applications of the GN-model for the analysis and improvement of the C2-system of the armed forces are described.
DATA LEAKAGE PREVENTION AND DETECTION IN DIGITAL CONFIGURATIONS: А SURVEY
Authors: Syarova Svetlana , Toleva - Stoimenova Stefka , Kirkov Alexander , Petkov Samuel , Traykov Krasimir
Published: July 2024

As a result of the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) and Internet electronic interaction at all levels in the organizations and the use of various electronic services has become part of our everyday life. The past few decades have been characterized by a tremendous growth in the amount of data generated. At the same time, digital data are subject to malicious and accidental threats, due to the presence of vulnerabilities in the protection of information systems. Unauthorized access, malware, zero-day attack, data leakage, denial of service (DoS), and phishing have increased exponentially in recent years. Data leakage occurs when sensitive data and confidential information is revealed to unauthorized parties. Data leakage is one of the main targets of any insider threat. Over the last few years, the challenge of dealing with insider threats has been recognized and various methods have been proposed to address such problems. Therefore, most proposed internal threat detection methods work towards data leakage prevention (DLP). This paper addresses the data leakage prevention and detection (DLPD) as some of the most critical cybersecurity issues nowadays. The used DLP techniques and technologies have been explored briefly. As the study aims to reveal the scientific interests in the DLP domain we tried to provide a comprehensive overview of academic publications. Finally, the paper focuses on what drives the DLP domain, the challenges and opportunities the digital configurations are faced in the context of data flow monitoring, prevention and detection.
METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF MODELS FOR DIGITAL MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitar , Manchev Ivan
Published: July 2024

The digital transformation of transport systems is a priority area worldwide and aims to improve the quality of the services offered, as well as the processes of planning and management of work and traffic in transport. Digitization allows in a qualitatively new way to compile basic technological documents, as well as to manage specific transport and business processes. Through such management, the transport of passengers and cargo becomes faster, more efficient and safer. The main problems in the construction of the new digital platforms are related to hardware and software collateral. This article discusses methodological and technical aspects of digital transport management models using new technical and technological solutions of specific business processes and systems management models. The specifics and main directions on which to work to improve the implementation and development of digital systems in transport are outlined.
EXTENDED USER PROFILING APPROACHES FOR RECOMMENDATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Bekkamov Fayzi , Sharifov Yashin
Published: July 2024

Currently, the volume of data in information systems and the information needs of users are increasing. This causes information overload and a number of difficulties in finding the necessary information. Therefore, individual approaches, including personalization of user profiles, are important in solving this problem. Creating a user profile is relevant for obtaining information from systems in accordance with the needs of the user and for personalizing the services provided by the system. The lack of direct user profiling in information systems creates a number of problems in providing personalized services to users. Around the world, recent research has focused on developing systems that personalize user profiles based on their data sets. The work done so far on a global scale to create and model user profiles is analyzed. In this article, mathematical algorithms such as TF-IDF, Cosine similarity, Word2Vec are used to model and personalize user data. It also provides a classification scheme for user profiling, modeling and personalization. This classification scheme is based on three components. These are user data collection, user profiling, modeling and personalization components. Additionally, the article also mentions the benefits of user identification.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOVERY MODEL IN POST COVID-19 PERIOD: LATVIA CASE STUDY
Authors: Andersons Aigars , Prodani Rafail , Bushati Jozef , Zefi Gjulio
Published: July 2024

Physical activity is one of the triggers to sustainable economic and social development of societies. The Political Declaration of the 2030 Agenda reflects on “the contribution sports make to the empowerment of women and of young people, individuals and communities, as well as to health, education and social inclusion objectives” [1]. COVID-19 restrictions forced the industry to find new ways to organize interregional and international events and find the ways out of the sudden crisis [2]. In this paper, authors focus on analysis of physical activity and sports recovery process after COVID-19 pandemic that has created profound challenges for youngsters and their family members. This research relies on empirical data collected from main orienteering sports events in Latvia and demonstrates original forecast model that compliments existing system dynamic simulation models affected by COVID-19 situation with respect to increased level of digitalization and extensive use of technologies. Research outcomes demonstrate that the cancellation of sports activities negatively affects such social aspects as people mobility, social cohesion, emotional satisfaction and excitement. As follows, it leads to lower physical and mental activity for individuals, especially children and youth. At the same time, the research outcomes of authors’ developed system dynamics simulation model shows that a recovery process of analysed physical activity and sports events is reasonably fast and, in the most cases, in two years reached a level of pre-COVID-19 period with tendency to positive growth in future. Created original system dynamic simulation model embraces full data sets of ten years (2014-2023), extracted from orienteering sports events published data in Latvia, as well as outcomes of several practical testing and theoretical research activities in Latvia and Albania. For collection and systemization of empirical data, authors used the concept of “Citizen Science”. The Citizen Science is an ever-growing field of public engagement with science, and recent years have seen an increasing number of studies examining its potential [3]. The conclusions, made by authors of this research, are useful for various sports and active lifestyle events’ organizers, supporters, spectators and others, involved in the organization process of physical activity and sports events to attract more participants, spectators and tourists to their areas.
SYNTHESIS OF EIGHT MIDDLE LOST MECHANISMS FINALLY DISCHARGED DISCREET POSITIONS
Authors: Marinov Marin
Published: July 2024

The author has developed the algorithm for the synthesis of eight kinematic structures to generate random function of the positions by given n-number approximate nodes. Synthesis was performed at extreme distances at n≤6. In practice, an approximate synthesis is proposed, with the error being zero only in the approximate nodes, and in the remaining points the error is plotted graphically. According to preset 6 approximate nodes we determine the metric parameters of a family of mechanisms from which we choose the optimal (with the least relative error in the movement of the executive unit). The determination of the position, speed and acceleration function of the executive unit is shown graphically. To establish the authenticity of synthesis is an example.
ATMOSPHERE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR PRACTICAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS PURSUING DEGREES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Authors: Vatzkitcheva Maya , Savov Plamen
Published: July 2024

Issues related to preservation of the environment are among the most important global problems in the beginning of 21st century. These are central for the planet as a whole and also for each individual country, region and city. Solutions for said problems are discussed on various levels:  legislative, judicial, economic and technical.  Formation of professional ecological education is an essential task nowadays. In our teaching activities with students in the master’s program “Ecology and Environment Preservation” at University of Mining and Geology „St. Ivan Rilski“ we strive to ensure the necessary theoretical and practical competences of the future specialists – ecologists. In this paper, we present some major topics of the Atmosphere & Environment Course, as well as the system of practical training of students for field measurements.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON CHANGES IN LABOR MARKETS AND COMPETENCES
Authors: Grewiński Mirosław , Kawa Marek
Published: July 2024

The paper examines an importance of AI and e-technologies and their key roles in such unexpected situation as COVID-19 and the emergence and progress of artificial generative technology. The authors propose diagnosis of Polish labor market which had to answer to both challenges of last years: technological and civilizations changes as well as post-pandemic time. The situation of currently required skills in Polish labor market under conditions of AI emergence and acceleration is treated as similar to circumstances in education, where one of the most needed skills became communication competences and dealing with IT, ICT, new media and AI technologies. The authors also raise a pivotal issue of new required skills and competences of coping with e-technologies: many jobs will be eliminated whilst others will be created. This means that future workers should be prepared to change their jobs and, perhaps, to work for more than one employer at the same time. The main method of research which is involved within the article is a desk research and review of the latest data and reports.
DEVELOPING MANAGERS’ INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE IN SMALL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Repeckiene Ausra , Zvireliene Renata , Janickiene Karolina
Published: July 2024

Diverse and multicultural environment requires that managers of manufacturing enterprises should be able to work with representatives of different cultures. Seeking to maintain long-term commercial relationships, employees should strive for high level of intercultural competence through constant development. Object of the study – development of intercultural competence of managers. Aim of the study – to assess the development of intercultural competence of managers of small manufacturing enterprises. The qualitative research revealed that managers of small manufacturing companies develop intercultural competence informally, by learning from their own experiences, interacting and communicating in different intercultural situations with foreign customers, buyers, and suppliers. It was identified that the primary obstacle to intercultural communication is the inadequate foreign language proficiency of managers. Small manufacturing enterprises do not contribute to the development of managers' intercultural competence. It is noteworthy that the managers develop their intercultural competence in work setting, by sharing intercultural experiences, especially when they face with challenges or when work in unfamiliar cultural environments or unexpected situations. It can be stated that the Story Circles is an appropriate method for developing the intercultural competence of managers in small manufacturing and export companies with limited financial and human resources.
APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC PLATFORMS TO INCREASE THE KNOWLEDGE OF LEARNERS
Authors: Mirtcheva-Ivanova Daniela
Published: July 2024

The article examines the use of online platforms and the possibilities they offer for supplementary and complementary learning. Some commonly used platforms among learners are presented and various studies have been conducted. The results were analyzed and a comparative assessment was made for the effectiveness of digital platforms in learning through described results of real tests. An increase in the knowledge of learners when using online platforms has been reported.
ESG COMPETENCES AND SKILLS IN LIFELONG EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Odintsova Tatyana
Published: July 2024

Sustainability paradigm being a global trend nowadays embraces not only a shift in problematics numerous areas of knowledge, but primarily a leap in mindset, which involves a revision of values and priorities for humanity at all. Thus, education for sustainable development and acquiring ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) competences start to be a relevant drift in learning space. This area becoming a targeting for international regulation and an extensive part of educational services in response to labour market demands. This paper is focused on analysis of current state and prospectives of ESG education in EU. Based on the assessment of existing frameworks and stakeholders’ needs an ESG-competences map was proposed. In this research a qualitative approach was applied. Thus, mostly secondary sources of information were used, particularly similar-topic scholars’ studies, databases, ESG and education regulatory documents and analytics, open access information from internet resources. Logical and comparative analysis was used for data processing. It was assessed educational models applying, content and institutional forms of existing ESG-programs, in higher education, specialists’ upskilling, and livelong education as well. There were considered main programs offered in education for sustainability and top ESG-skills required as far. Existing problems in education for sustainability were identified and a set of recommendations to develop lifelong acquiring ESG-knowledge system was provided.
TASK-ORIENTED TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR REDUCTION OF UNCERTAINTY IN SHOP FLOOR CMM
Authors: Hristov Miroslav
Published: July 2024

The significance of Shop Floor CMM in inspecting mechanical parts in modern industries, such as automotive and aerospace, has been increasing in recent years, making it an integral part of the inspection process. However, a major issue that remains is the uncertainty, particularly caused by changes in environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature, in shop floor conditions. Task-oriented temperature compensation software can solve these problems. Its effectiveness can be evaluated through uncertainty analysis.
TWO GENERALIZATIONS OF SKEW-SYMMETRIC SEQUENCES WITH ODD LENGTHS
Authors: Bedzhev Borislav , Dimitrov Dilyan
Published: July 2024

The signals, exploited by the radar sensor networks and remote control systems, have to provide simultaneously high range resolution and ability to work stable in a hostile radio electronic environment. An effective approach for satisfying of these requirements is the frequent change of many different signals, which autocorrelation functions have small sidelobes. Accounting this situation in the paper the generalizations of the skew-symmetric sequences with odd lengths, which are phase manipulated signals, possessing high autocorrelation merit factor, are explored. As a result, two methods for synthesis of infinite families of phase manipulated signals with good autocorrelation properties are substantiated.
METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING A NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD BY BARKHAUSEN NOISE ANALYSIS, FOR EXAMPLE, IN ION-TREATED SAMPLES
Authors: Machev Velichko , Tonchev Nikolay
Published: July 2024

The present paper expresses the idea of the possibility of using a non-destructive method of research by means of Barkhausen Noise Analysis (BNA – Barkhausen Noise Analysis), replacing the conventional destructive methods for the examination of nitrided layers, making evaluations and comparisons with them. The paper refers to a specially created methodology, the implementation of which consistently follows the presentation of the paper. Comparing the non-destructive testing methodology with tribological, mechanical and metallographic research can outline which of the analyses can be substituted and what accuracy can be relied upon for the substitution. Heat-resistant steel ВН21 was used as the object of research. The research is of practical value because the process has been established for this steel. The experience gained in this regard will help to expand and validate non-destructive testing methods.
STUDY OF AN ANTHOCYANINS AS A CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR ALUMINUM ALLOY EN AW-2024 IN ACIDIC MEDIA
Authors: Kamarska Kalina , Naydenova Iva , Petrova Ivalina , Dobrev Georgi
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the results from a study of the possibility to use Bilberries anthocyanins as a corrosion inhibitor for aluminum alloy EN AW-2024 in 1 М solution of HCl. In this study the model system between Bilberries anthocyanins and metal was investigated. The inhibitory effect of Bilberries anthocyanins on the corrosion of aluminum alloy EN AW-2024 in 1M HCl was investigated by electrochemical methods and mathematical analysis to validate the results. The absorption was determined from 25 oC. The results show that Bilberries anthocyanins exhibits a good inhibitory effect on the corrosion of the aluminium alloy EN AW-2024 in 1M HCl. The reason for the good inhibitory effect is the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the surface of the aluminum alloy.
FACILITATION OF THE 3D SCANNING PROCESS OF INDUSTRIAL SITES USING A SELF-MOVING AUTONOMOUS ROBOTIC SYSTEM
Authors: Zagorski Mihail , Miltchev Radoslav
Published: July 2024

The present paper aims to examine how industrial sites can be more easily 3D scanned by integrating a self-moving autonomous robotic system and a large scale scanning technique. A case study is developed where an Unitree Go 1 Edu quadruped robot and a Trimble X7 3D laser scanning system are combined to illustrate the successful integration. For the full integration of the 3D scanner and the robot, several components are designed, using CAD software, and produced via Rapid Prototyping technologies. In the case study, different 3D scanning regimes are also tested.  The case study showcases how the industrial 3D scanning process can be aided and potential ideas for the integration of 3D scanning technologies with quadruped robots are further discussed in the paper.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN OF THE MECHANISM OF AUTOMATED SELECTION AND SUPPLY OF CUTTINGS IN ENERGY CULTURE PLANTS
Authors: Yermakov Serhii , Bialkovska Oksana , Duhanets Viktor , Potapskyi Pavlo , Volynkin Mykola
Published: July 2024

An important field of bioenergy development is the use of biomass energy, which requires significant amounts of raw materials grown in the fields. One of the prospective sources of such raw materials is the planting of fast-growing wood species capable of restoring the above-ground part after cutting in a short period of time. The article sets out the task of developing approaches and constructive solutions regarding the possibilities of creating highly productiveaggregates for planting such woody energy crops as willow, poplar, and others that are propagated by cuttings. The analysis of the current state of development of this issue revealed that one of the factors inhibiting the process is the insufficient level of developments and their implementation in the field of automation of the technological process of planting. In most technical solutions, the use of the labor of the planter is included, which makes the process as a whole dependent on human capabilities and other related factors.The work is intended to solve the empirical task of developing an automated planter for plants planted with lignified cuttings.To develop an automated system that would provide uninterrupted and uniform supply of cuttings to the coulter of the planter, a two-factor experiment was conducted on a developed laboratory stand simulating a slotted hopper. As a result of research, it was found that the optimal width of the unloading window of the feeder should be at least 80 mm, and the optimal angles of inclination of the slotted hopper walls should be at least 40°. These parameters will provide complete and continuous unloading of cuttings both in the absence of external forces acting on them (oscillations, vibrations, etc.) and with them. Taking into account the analysis of existing technical solutions and the results of a laboratory experiment, a number of solutions were synthesized, which were used in the development of a new construction of the cuttings unloading mechanism. The developed construction of the mechanism of automated dosing, selection and supply of cuttings for the planter of energy willow is protected by a patent and embodied in a single-row design and tested in field conditions. Such a planting machine allows to plant without the support of a planter, whose functions are reduced to periodically loading the slotted hopper with cuttings previously oriented in one direction.
DESIGNING A LABORATORY STAND FOR TESTING IMPACT RESISTANCE OF PLASTIC FILMS BY FREE-FALLING DART DROP ACCORDING ASTM D1709
Authors: Sabev Sabi , Chukalov Konstantin , Bakardzhiev Valeri
Published: July 2024

In this article, the process of designing a laboratory stand for testing impact resistance of plastic films using free-falling dart drop method according to ASTM D1709, type A will be followed. It will be analyzed the all stages of designing-synthesis of project solutions, analysis and optimization, assessment and presentation of tasks. The purpose of the article is to create a designing basis for the variable design of impact resistance stands to be used in the design of non-standardized laboratory equipment.
ENHANCED EFFICIENCY IN TWO-COMPONENT INJECTION MOLDING PRODUCT FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Todorov Todor , Todorov Georgi , Ivanov Ivan
Published: July 2024

The presented study is focused on an optimization analysis of a complex automotive component consisting of two parts with different materials. The research examines the impact of various runner configurations, cooling parameters, gate positioning, and melt temperature distribution within the mold. The paper emphasizes the advantages and applications of integrating such optimization techniques. Parametric and geometric optimization of the model is done, along with the evaluation of simulated filling processes, as clarified for the paper's objectives. Additionally, a methodical approach is outlined, clearing the process of operational rate selection, material property analysis, control parameter establishment, and preemptive simulations.
A DIGITALLY MANIPULATED GUNSHOT SOUND IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Madzharov Stoyan , Ivanov Ivan , Yordanov Nayden
Published: July 2024

It is actual problem to distinguish between real gunshot sound pictures from tactical weapons and from fabricated or manipulated ones. In this work, some possible approaches to digital manipulation detection in gunshot records are described. The study uses methods of temporal and spectral analysis, revealing fine changes in signals, in a comprehensive dataset that consist of the raw data of gunshot sounds. The purpose of the work is to consider some approaches to digital manipulation detection in gunshot records High accuracy in the identification of manipulated sounds is demonstrated, with a low percentage of false positives and a high percentage of true positives. This research lays the groundwork for a comprehensive database of gunshot signals. This database has potential value for further analysis using methods like the Continuous Wavelet Transform.