bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fragilidade Ambiental aplicada em área de manancial no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Lobo de Paiva Arthur Miranda , Amaro Venerando Eustáquio , Di Lollo José Augusto , Costa Carlos Wilmer
Published: August 2022

O nordeste brasileiro é bastante afetado pela escassez hídrica proporcionada principalmente pelas características climáticas desfavoráveis. Devido a recente crise, entre 2010 e 2017, dezenas de cidades do semiárido enfrentaram sérios problemas que expôs a fragilidade dos atuais sistemas de abastecimento. Os estudos ambientais em mananciais de abastecimento são necessários para o planejamento territorial e a identificação das vulnerabilidades a processos de degradação, visando adequar às necessidades humanas à viabilidade ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em mapear a Fragilidade Ambiental à erosão do Sistema Lacustre Bonfim, um conjunto de lagoas responsável pelo fornecimento de água à região Agreste do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Foi utilizada a Fragilidade Ambiental em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) com emprego da Análise Multicritério e Lógica Fuzzy, para integrar os atributos geoambientais a fim de verificar as relações entre processos erosivos de morfogênese e pedogênese associados ao assoreamento da região lacustre do manancial. 44,15 km² (61,15% da área) apresentou grau de Fragilidade Ambiental Médio, Forte e Muito Forte, indicando a necessidade de atenção com relação principalmente à regulamentos do uso do solo, dada a existência de atividades com alto poder de degradação em consonância com zonas com graus de fragilidade considerável.
Contribuição ao conhecimento do comportamento hidráulico de um aquífero fissural na região semiárida do brasil
Authors: Da Silva Gisely Maria , Alves Demetrio José Geilson
Published: August 2022

Os aquíferos fraturados, em sua maioria, ocorrem em rochas cristalinas sendo marcados por uma baixa porosidade e baixa capacidade de produção. A área estudada localiza-se na porção sudeste do município de Passira (PE), essa região destacou-se por apresentar poços com vazões acima da média esperada para o contexto do semiárido. Para levantar hipóteses que justifiquem essas vazões anômalas, foram realizadas atividades de campo, cadastro de 62 poços e 7 ensaios de bombeamento com duração de até 60 minutos. Foram coletadas informações de NE, Q e CE da água. Observou-se que o principal litotipo da área é o Complexo Metanortosítico de Passira (CMAP), que é composto por rochas anortosíticas com intenso fraturamento. Esse fraturamento, juntamente com as características da rocha em si são favoráveis ao armazenamento e percolação da água. No entanto, a maior parte dos poços atualmente encontram-se desativados ou com vazões abaixo das iniciais. Sugere-se que esse cenário tenha mudado devido a grande explotação de água, aliado à grande quantidade de novos poços perfurados e a baixa recarga. Assim, embora a rocha apresente boas condições de armazenamento, a heterogeneidade do aquífero leva à limitações na sua capacidade de produção, sendo essencial um monitoramento para melhor gestão do aquífero.
Levantamento da Mirmecofauna em Fragmentos de uma Área de Proteção Ambiental em Caxias, Maranhão- Brasil
Authors: De Sousa Martins Alana Ellen , Rodrigues da Silva Maria Juciele , Rodrigues Judson Chaves , De Alencar Costa Silva Maira Rebeca , Pereira Gonçalves Márcia Verônica , Araújo da Silva Formiga Luiza Daiana , Franco Cleilton Lima
Published: August 2022

As formigas apresentam diversas características que podem ser utilizadas em estudos de biodiversidade, monitoramento, fragmentação e ecologia de ecossistemas. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo contribuir para o melhor entendimento da dinâmica e biodiversidade da fauna de formigas em dois fragmentos  na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Inhamum. O  estudo aconteceu em duas áreas de Cerrado na APA do Inhamum. As armadilhas foram distribuídas na duas áreas, em cada área com trinta unidades amostrais. As coletas foram realizadas nos meses de: setembro à dezembro de 2017 e janeiro à março de 2018. Para a coleta do material foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo Provid. Para as análises estatísticas os dados foram submetidos a análises faunísticas, realizados no programa ANAFAU. As estimativas de riqueza Chao1 e Chao2 foram realizadas com o auxílio do programa R. Foram contabilizados um total de 1.845 indivíduos distribuídos em 29 gêneros, sendo 22 para Área I, sendo 11 gêneros exclusivos e 18 gêneros para Área II, sendo 7 gêneros exclusivos para esta área. A curva de acumulação das duas áreas não se apresentou estável mostrando assim que seria preciso um maior esforço amostral para atingir o equilíbrio.
Determination of Optimal Parameters for Configuring Information Systems in the Conditions of Network Intelligence
Authors:   Krasnodar Higher Military University of name General of Army S.M. Shtemenko, Gorbachev Alexander , Sokolovsky Sergey ,   Krasnodar Higher Military University of name General of Army S.M. Shtemenko, Kaplin Maxim ,   Krasnodar Higher Military University of name General of Army S.M. Shtemenko
Published: August 2022

Research objective: to improve the information systems security against network reconnaissance. Methods used: in order to achieve the goal of the research, the methods of mathematical statistics and random processes study were used. Research result: the task of determining the optimal frequency of dynamic configuration of the information system’s structural and functional characteristics at each stage of network reconnaissance, taking into account the requirements for the minimum use of resource capabilities and ensuring a given value of the probability of disclosure of true values of the characteristics of the protected object was solved. The process of network reconnaissance and counteraction is formalized in the form of a Markov random process with discrete states and continuous time. Based on considerations of stability of information exchange between nodes of information system and capabilities of network reconnaissance, the maximum values of time intervals of dynamic configuration of structural and functional characteristics are determined. The obtained values of the optimal and maximum allowable frequency of dynamic configuration allow to estimate the time of disclosure of information system at given intensities of network scanning by reconnaissance tools. The results allow to provide a given level of protection of information system and the stability of its information exchange at the expense of the optimal frequency of dynamic configuration of its structural and functional characteristics. Scientific novelty: solving the problem of scalar optimization of the frequency of configuration of the structural and functional characteristics of the information system under conditions of network reconnaissance using the mathematical apparatus of semi‑Markov random processes.
Information Content Assessment of the Federal Budget and the Budget Process in the Russian Federation
Authors: Morozov O. V. , Vasiliev M. A.
Published: August 2022

This article is devoted to the results of a statistical study of the composition of federal budget expenditures (the object of the study) from the standpoint of assessing its information content (the subject of the study). In the opinion of its authors, the issues of information content of budget decisions remain out of due attention not only from the participants of the budget process, but also in the practice of public administration in general. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to form scientifically based tools for assessing the information content, determining its quantitative indicators, clarifying the nature, hidden features and balance in the distribution of federal budget expenditures.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the composition parameters of federal budget expenditures was carried out on the basis of statistical data of the Federal Treasury for 2014-2020. The theoretical foundations and research methods are developed based on the authors’ preferences regarding the results of conceptual and applied developments of domestic scientists in the field of synergetic information theory, structural analysis of systems, and modular theory of society. Quantitative methods of processing the initial data, tabular and graphical methods of visualizing the results of the study were used. Standard Microsoft Office application software packages were used to solve the research tasks.

Results. Indexes of information content of the multicomponent systems’ composition and algorithms for their calculations are formed. Quantitative criteria are determined and a model for optimizing the composition of federal budget expenditures is presented. The comparison of actual and model indexes of the information content is presented as a way to adjust priorities in the composition of federal budget expenditures; as a way to develop tactics and strategies for the transition from the actual parameters of the expenditures’ composition to the “best” distribution, which is described by a quantitative model of the optimal combination of the scales of its components. Retrospective optimization options based on the results of the execution of expenditures in 2020 and promising options for optimizing the distribution of federal budget expenditures in 2022-2024 have been established.

Conclusion. Assessment of the information content and optimization of the components’ scale of the budget expenditures’ composition are recognized as elements of management of the distribution of public resources in the budget process, ways to ensure control over the effectiveness of budget decisions and can be useful for participants in the budget process both at the stage of formation and at the stage of execution of budget expenditures.
LA FORMACIÓN Y EVOLUCIÓN HISTÓRICA DE LA PROTECCIÓN CONTRA LA COMPETENCIA DESLEAL
Authors:   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú., Tovar García Luis Felipe
Published: August 2022

Para el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de las industrias se dejó vía libre para una competencia económica sin limitación ni regulación alguna. Durante el transcurso de ese periodo “dejar hacer, dejar pasar” tiempo en la que se fortaleció la economía liberal surgió la necesidad de proteger la competencia desleal. Este trabajo realiza un breve recorrido en la formación y evolución de la protección contra la competencia desleal en varios países de Europa, muestra la relación que existe entre la responsabilidad aquiliana y el desarrollo de la disciplina de la competencia desleal.
ENSAYO: ¿POR QUÉ ES NECESARIO ESTABLECER UN ESTÁNDAR DE PRUEBA EN EL PROYECTO DE REFORMA AL PROCESO CIVIL?
Authors:   Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile., Fuentes Maureira Claudio
Published: August 2022

El presente ensayo busca cuestionar la decisión del legislador de no establecer en el proyecto de reforma al proceso civil la figura del estándar de prueba o convicción. Se sostiene que la sola regulación de la sana crítica es insuficiente, dado que esta si bien establece parámetros para la valoración racional de la prueba, no contesta la pregunta acerca de cuanta prueba es necesaria para dar un hecho por cierto. Asimismo, el texto busca dar cuenta de las diversas funciones que una institución como el estándar de prueba viene a cumplir y las consecuencias que se derivan de su ausencia. Finalmente el trabajo se hace cargo de los argumentos presentados por el legislador para justificar su decisión, argumentos que a juicio del autor son errados.
Nano/Microcarriers in Drug Delivery: Moving the Timeline to Contemporary
Authors: Nikezić Ana Vujačić , Novaković Jasmina Grbović
Published: August 2022

Treatment of various diseases, especially cancer treatment, includes the potential
use of different types of nanoparticles and nanostructures as drug carriers. However,
searching for less toxic and more efficient therapy requires further progress, wherein recent
developments in medicine increasingly include the use of various advanced nanostructures.
Their more successful application might be achieved by leveling imbalances between
the potentiality of different nanostructures and the demands required for their safe
use. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, prolonged circulation time and enhanced accumulation
and uptake by cells are some of the key preconditions for their usage in efficient
drug delivery. Thanks to their greatly tunable functions, they are major building
blocks for manufacturing novel materials. Nevertheless, given that their toxicity is questionable,
their practical application is challenging. Hereof, before entering the sphere of
human consumption, it is of critical importance to perform more studies regarding their
toxicity and drug distribution. This review emphasizes recent advances in nanomedicine,
employing different kinds of conventionally used nanoparticles as well as novel nanoparticles
and nanostructures. Special emphasis is placed on micro/nanomotors (MNMs), discussing
their opportunities, limitations, challenges and possible applications in drug delivery
and outlining some perspectives in the nanomedicine area.
Bioprinting: From Technique to Application in Tissue Engineering
and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: de Souza Thaís Vieira , Pastena Giorno Luciana , Malmonge Sonia Maria , Santos Arnaldo R.
Published: August 2022

Among the different approaches present in regenerative medicine and tissue
engineering, the one that has attracted the most interest in recent years is the possibility
of printing functional biological tissues. Bioprinting is a technique that has been applied
to create cellularized three-dimensional structures that mimic biological tissues and thus
allow their replacement. Hydrogels are interesting materials for this type of technique.
Hydrogels based on natural polymers are known due to their biocompatible properties,
in addition to being attractive biomaterials for cell encapsulation. They provide a threedimensional
aqueous environment with biologically relevant chemical and physical
signals, mimicking the natural environment of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Bioinks are
ink formulations that allow the printing of living cells. The controlled deposition of
biomaterials by bioinks needs to maintain cell viability and offer specific biochemical and
physical stimuli capable of guiding cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In this
work, we analyze the theoretical and practical issues of bioprinting, citing currently used
methods, their advantages, and limitations. We present some important molecules that
have been used to compose bioinks, as well as the cellular responses that have been
observed in different tissues. Finally, we indicate future perspectives of the method.
Comparison of R1ρ Imaging Between Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation
Enhancement (RARE) and Ultrashort TE (UTE) Sequence in the Assessment
of Rat Liver Iron Overload at 11.7T
Authors: Wang Qianfeng , Liu Ying , Xiao Hong , Yan Fuhua , Wang He
Published: August 2022

Introduction::

Since the most prominent effect of iron is increasing R2* and R2 relaxation
rates, the iron-overload liver shows little signal with conventional T1ρ sequences like RARE. Whereas
UTE MR imaging sequences can detect the signal from short T2/T2* relaxation components in tissues.
This study aims to evaluate the difference in R1ρ profiles and compare the correlations between
RARE-based and UTE-based sequences with LIC in assessing rat liver iron overload.

Methods::

Iron dextran (Sigma, 100 mg Fe/ml) was injected into thirty-five rats (25-100 mg/kg body
weight), while the rats in the control group were injected with saline (n=5). The liver specimen was
taken after one week. A portion of the largest hepatic lobe was extracted to quantify the LIC by inductively
coupled plasma, and the remaining liver tissue was stored in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde for
24 h before MRI. Spin-lock preparation with RARE readout and 2D UTE readout pulses were developed
to quantify R1ρ on a Bruker 11.7T MR system.

Results::

The mean R1ρ value of the rat liver with UTE-based R1ρ sequence was significantly higher
compared to the RARE-based R1ρ sequence (p<0.001). Spearman’s correlation analysis (two-tailed)
indicated that the R1ρ values were significantly correlated with LIC for both UTE-R1ρ and RARER1ρ
sequences (r = 0.727, P < 0.001, and r = 0.712, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion::

The current study adds to evidence that there is a correlation between iron concentration
and R1ρ. Moreover, the UTE-based R1ρ sequence is more sensitive to the liver iron than the RAREbased
R1ρ sequence. R1ρ might serve as a complementary imaging biomarker for liver iron overload
quantification.
QSAR Study of Novel 1, 8-Naphthimide Derivatives Targeting Nuclear DNA
Authors: Tai Yunheng , Lian Zheng , Xia Huanling , Zhai Honglin
Published: August 2022

Background::

1, 8-naphthimide is a novel tumor inhibitor targeting nuclear DNA, which can be used to
design and develop anti-osteosarcoma drugs.

Objective::

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was established to predict the physical properties
of compounds.

Method::

In this study, gene expression programming (GEP) was used to build a nonlinear quantitative structureactivity
relationship (QSAR) model with descriptors and to predict the activity of a serials novel DNA-targeted chemotherapeutic
agents. These descriptors were calculated in CODESSA software and selected from the descriptor pool
based on heuristics. Three descriptors were selected to establish a multiple linear regression model. The best nonlinear
QSAR model with a correlation coefficient of 0.89 and 0.82 and mean error of 0.02 and 0.06 for the training and test
sets were obtained.

Result::

The results showed that the model established by GEP had better stability and predictive ability. The small
molecular docking experiment of 32 compounds was carried out in SYBYL software, and it was found that compound
7A had reliable molecular docking ability.

Conclusion::

The established model reveals the factors affecting the activity of DNA inhibitors and provides direction
and guidance for the further design of highly effective DNA-targeting drugs for osteosarcoma.
Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Approach to the Maxillo-Facial Complications of Crouson’s Disease: Case Report and Review
Authors: Zaki Hattan A. , Alassaf Muath Saad , Babkair Hamzah Ali , Abdel-Latif Ghada A. , Jaffar Abdulrahman Khaled , Alolayan Albraa B. , Elsayed Shadia Abdel-Hameed
Published: August 2022

Background:

Craniofacial anomalies present a challenge to all health care practitioners since they necessitate long-term team follow-up, which is difficult to achieve outside of a major center where craniofacial anomalies teams normally collaborate.

Objectives:

The current review with an illustrative case focuses on the representation and review of Crouzon syndrome and its maxillofacial implications. Review of different varieties of gene mutations that produce craniosynostosis syndromes were discussed and focused on seven clinically distinct craniosynostosis syndromes that are precipitated by the mutation in one or more of the fibroblast growth factor receptors genes which affected the maxillofacial region.

Case presentation:

A complete clinical and radiographic case scenario of a patient suffering from Crouzon syndrome was presented, and discussion of the various disciplines and techniques used along the way to achieve the best results, as well as how team collaboration and patient compliance led to the best results were represented. The presented case was treated with orthodontic treatment, Le Fort-I osteotomy, and Le Fort-III osteotomy with extraoral distraction osteogenesis.

Conclusion:

The combination of different orthognathic surgery alternatives (Le Fort-III and Le Fort-I) with distraction osteogenesis and orthodontic treatment produced excellent outcomes with few complications, and the patient was extremely satisfied and cooperative. Early and thorough team-based care for Crouzon syndrome patients should be accessible at specialized craniofacial centers.
Assessment of Hygiene Behavior and Associated Factors Among School Children in Shey Bench, Southwest, Ethiopia. An Institutional Based-Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Beya Mogos , Agegnehu Wubetu , Shinde Sanjay Sukumar
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

In underdeveloped countries, such as Ethiopia, the impact of disease burden caused by inadequate, contaminated water and a lack of sanitation is a huge burden. Water and sanitation-related infections are still a high-risk habit among primary school-aged children. As a reason, the objective was to analyze hygiene behavior and associated factors among school children in Shey Bench, Southwest Ethiopia, during the 2018/19 school year.

Methods:

An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was done in 2019 to collect data from 770 primary school students in grades 5th through 8th from January 1 to 30, 2019. Data were entered into Epi data 4.2 and then analyzed in SPSS V. 21.0. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors of hygienic behavior.

Results:

In this study area, 34.1 percent of school students have good hygiene behavior. Being female students (AOR=2.68), Urban residency (AOR=1.86), having poor hand-washing knowledge (AOR=0.148), lack of availability of hand-washing facility (AOR=0.541), separate toilet for male and female (AOR=2.11), no read and write father's educational status (AOR=0.314) and presence of clubs in the school (AOR=1.75) were all significantly associated with hygienic behavior

Conclusion:

In general, there is a poor hygiene. Urban residency, no read and write father's educational status, existence of sanitation club in schools, having separate toilets for boys and girls, having hand washing available in the facility, and having poor knowledge of hand washing were all substantially associated to hygienic behavior.
Wearables for Measuring the Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Systematic Review
Authors: Soulard Julie , Carlin Thomas , Knitza Johannes , Vuillerme Nicolas
Published: August 2022

Background

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease associated with chronic back pain and restricted mobility and physical function. Increasing physical activity is a viable strategy for improving the health and quality of life of patients with axSpA. Thus, quantifying physical activity and sedentary behavior in this population is relevant to clinical outcomes and disease management. However, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic review to date has identified and synthesized the available evidence on the use of wearable devices to objectively measure the physical activity or sedentary behavior of patients with axSpA.

Objective

This study aimed to review the literature on the use of wearable activity trackers as outcome measures for physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA.

Methods

PubMed, PEDro, and Cochrane electronic databases were searched in July 2021 for relevant original articles, with no limits on publication dates. Studies were included if they were original articles, targeted adults with a diagnosis of axSpA, and reported wearable device–measured physical activity or sedentary behavior among patients with axSpA. Data regarding the study’s characteristics, the sample description, the methods used for measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior (eg, wearable devices, assessment methods, and outcomes), and the main results of the physical activity and sedentary behavior assessments were extracted.

Results

A total of 31 studies were initially identified; 13 (13/31, 42%) met the inclusion criteria, including 819 patients with axSpA. All the studies used accelerometer-based wearable devices to assess physical activity. Of the 13 studies, 4 (4/31, 31%) studies also reported outcomes related to sedentary behavior. Wearable devices were secured on the wrists (3/13 studies, 23%), lower back (3/13, 23%), right hip (3/13, 23%), waist (2/13, 15%), anterior thigh (1/13, 8%), or right arm (1/13, 8%). The methods for reporting physical activity and sedentary behavior were heterogeneous. Approximately 77% (10/13) of studies had a monitoring period of 1 week, including weekend days.

Conclusions

To date, few studies have used wearable devices to quantify the physical activity and sedentary behavior of patients with axSpA. The methodologies and results were heterogeneous, and none of these studies assessed the psychometric properties of these wearables in this specific population. Further investigation in this direction is needed before using wearable device–measured physical activity and sedentary behavior as outcome measures in intervention studies in patients with axSpA.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020182398; https://tinyurl.com/ec22jzkt

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/23359
Interactive Medical Image Labeling Tool to Construct a Robust Convolutional Neural Network Training Data Set: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Reifs David , Reig-Bolaño Ramon , Casals Marta , Grau-Carrion Sergi
Published: August 2022

Background

Skin ulcers are an important cause of morbidity and mortality everywhere in the world and occur due to several causes, including diabetes mellitus, peripheral neuropathy, immobility, pressure, arteriosclerosis, infections, and venous insufficiency. Ulcers are lesions that fail to undergo an orderly healing process and produce functional and anatomical integrity in the expected time. In most cases, the methods of analysis used nowadays are rudimentary, which leads to errors and the use of invasive and uncomfortable techniques on patients. There are many studies that use a convolutional neural network to classify the different tissues in a wound. To obtain good results, the network must be trained with a correctly labeled data set by an expert in wound assessment. Typically, it is difficult to label pixel by pixel using a professional photo editor software, as this requires extensive time and effort from a health professional.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to implement a new, fast, and accurate method of labeling wound samples for training a neural network to classify different tissues.

Methods

We developed a support tool and evaluated its accuracy and reliability. We also compared the support tool classification with a digital gold standard (labeling the data with an image editing software).

Results

The obtained comparison between the gold standard and the proposed method was 0.9789 for background, 0.9842 for intact skin, 0.8426 for granulation tissue, 0.9309 for slough, and 0.9871 for necrotic. The obtained speed on average was 2.6, compared to that of an advanced image editing user.

Conclusions

This method increases tagging speed on average compared to an advanced image editing user. This increase is greater with untrained users. The samples obtained with the new system are indistinguishable from the samples made with the gold standard.
Convolutional Neural Networks to Classify Alzheimer’s Disease Severity Based on SPECT Images: A Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lien Wei-Chih , Yeh Chung-Hsing , Chang Chun-Yang , Chang Chien-Hsiang , Chen Chien-Hsu , Lin Yang-Cheng
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Image-based recognition has become a long-term topic in the field of artificial intelligence, and neuroimaging has gradually become a beneficial way to understand the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to compare the detection performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on medical images to establish a classification model for epidemiological research. However, medical image analysis lacks large labeled training datasets, and thus many transfer learning-based methods have been proposed to solve few labels in the medical field.

METHODS

Owing to the scarcity of image data from single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), this study uses transfer learning to compare the performance of diagnostic methods based on five different CNNs (two lightweight and three deeper-weight CNN models) to determine the most suitable model. Brain scan image data were collected from 36 male and 63 female subjects. This study used 4711 images as the input data for the model.

RESULTS

The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument and Mini Mental State Exam scores of subjects with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 2 were significantly lower than those of subjects with CDR of 1 and 0.5. These results indicate that the ResNet model (the deeper-weight CNN model) exhibits the highest accuracy (70.79%) and can hence be used to improve the classification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild AD, and moderate AD (CDRs of 0.5, 1, and 2, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

This study successfully analyzes the classification performance of different CNN architectures for medical images and also proves the effectiveness of transfer learning in identifying the MCI, mild AD, and moderate AD scoring based on SPECT images.
Coconut Husk to Reducing Sugar Conversion Using Combined Ultrasound and Surfactant Aided Subcritical Water
Authors: Zuhroh Saiyyidah Tus , Fatmawati Akbarningrum , Widjaja Arief
Published: August 2022

The first purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of operating variables and surfactant concentration in subcritical water to after ultrasonic process on the sugar-producing yield from coconut husk. The second purpose was to obtain the optimum operating condition of the subcritical water process. The sonication before the subcritical water process was done by dispersing 40 mesh coconut husk powder in water at  60°C,  and  35  kHz. The effect of sonication time was studied by comparing the material crystallinity and composition after being treated for 30 minutes. In this research, the optimization was done by using a Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) experimental design with 3 factors (temperature, time, and surfactant concentration). The designed lower and upper levels were 130°C and 170°C, 40, and 80 minutes, as well as 1 and 3% (w). The results showed that the quadratic response surface model predicted the maximum reducing sugar yield to be 12.0%, which was achieved at the optimum condition of 170°C, 77.5 minutes, and 2.3% SDS surfactant addition. The experiment run at the obtained optimum condition resulted in a reducing sugar yield of 11.7%, which was close to that obtained from the model prediction.
Analyzing the Situation of Demanding Debts by Illegal Means with Identification Case Analysis Method
Authors: Li YiLong
Published: August 2022

In recent years, various kinds of crimes demanding debts have emerged one after another. Before the new crime of demanding illegal debts, the judicial practice in previous years was mainly regulated by the crime of robbery, the crime of unlawful detention, etc. First of all, we should define the “illegal debt”, and then analyze the act and act object in its objective elements. In the subjective elements, the intention of criminal intent should be based on the purpose of illegal possession, while the lawful purpose does not belong to the intention of criminal intent in the subjective elements of a crime.
Ritual of Electoral Democracy, Growing Political Awareness and the Paradox of Contagious Scepticism
Authors: Omilusi Mike
Published: August 2022

As one of the pillars of democracy, election has an inescapably ritual dimension that periodically attracts political actors and thus, it has become a barometer to measure political behaviour across regions of the world. Nigeria has, after two decades of uninterrupted civilian dispensation, keyed into this global phenomenon. Although democracy has been the world’s predominant form of government in the last five decades and there has been broad global progress on many aspects of this type of government, conducting credible and transparent elections still remains a herculean task in many African countries. For instance, Nigeria’s troubled elections continually reflect the country’s lingering “do or die” politics, poor electoral management and institutionalised impunity, defying attempts at entrenching democratic norms. Consequently, there is a seeming shift from voter apathy to outright voter boycott in the country- the 2019 election recording the lowest turnout (35 per cent) since 1999. This decline has been difficult to explain in the context of an electorate’s seemingly better pre-election activism and political engagements. Hence, why large numbers of citizens continually refuse to participate in this most basic civic exercise should naturally provoke agitation. Employing secondary sources of data collection, this paper establishes the relationship between voter turnout and disenchantment and other underpinning variables associated with the Nigeria’s electoral democracy. It foregrounds how low voter turnout remains a stubborn challenge to Nigerian democracy and the imperativeness for post-election audit.
Dissemination of Ethnic Cultures of Characteristic Villages in Guangxi from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Wang Weichao
Published: August 2022

Currently, in the implementation stage of China’s rural revitalization strategy, the cultivation and construction of characteristic villages is of great significance. On the basis of reviewing the relevant research on characteristic villages, this study deeply analyzes the problem that ethnic cultures have not played a sufficient role in the construction of characteristic villages in Guangxi, while proposing two key points in the construction of characteristic villages in Guangxi, i.e., the activation of ethnic cultures of characteristic villages in Guangxi, and the aggregation of cultural dissemination talents, so as to collaboratively promote the construction of characteristic villages in Guangxi.
Intergovernmental Grant Transfers from Central to Local Levels of Government in Ghana: Does Formula Allocation Prevents Political Influences?
Authors: Fumey Abel , Egwaikhide Festus O. , Adeniyi Oluwatosin A.
Published: August 2022

This study examines how the district assemblies’ common fund grant is distributed among the local governments in Ghana to ascertain the objectivity of the sharing formula scheme created under the 1992 Constitution. The dynamic GMM panel estimation approach is employed for the empirical analysis with focus on new versus mature democracy and how swing and aligned districts tend to benefit from the distribution. Annual data on the fund disbursements and the election outcomes from 1994 to 2018 for 216 district assemblies is used. The findings reveal that average transfers to each district was Gh?7.54 million which generally increased by 9.4 percent in election years reflecting the opportunistic behavior of incumbent governments. Swing districts benefited more from the increase than non-swing districts, as the former received 4.3 percent more than the latter. Aligned districts in new democracy received, 2 percent more than non-aligned ones, while it was 4.3 percent more for swing districts in mature democracy. Therefore, the allocation formula is subject to political manipulations hence it is recommended that the unilateral appointment of the fund’s administrator by incumbent Presidents be reviewed in addition to creating autonomous public agencies to be responsible for the allocation formula and the fund administration independently.
Research on the Application of Big Data in the Informatization of University Education
Authors: Li Jinzhao
Published: August 2022

With the continuous development of information technology revolution, cloud computing, Internet of things, Internet and other information technologies appear. They have infiltrated every corner of society. As a result, the numbers are exploding. It is difficult to estimate the value and information of these data. Education has become an important front in social life in the era of big data. This paper mainly analyzes the data characteristics and data sources. In the era of big data, the application of big data in the informatization of college education is discussed.
IMPROVING TEACHING AND LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITIES - A CASE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION SUBJECTS IN BOTSWANA
Authors: DINAMA BAAMPHATLHA , GASHA GRACE , OLESITSE GAONE VIVIAN
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate how Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) could help to improve the teaching and learning outcomes of business education subjects in Botswana secondary schools. A qualitative methodology was adopted and data were collected online through WhatsApp chats and calls. Through analysing interviews and reviewing of documents related to PLCs in schools, we were able to code data into categories that emerged from themes and that assisted in understanding the perceptions and practices of teachers. The findings of this study indicate that through the implementation of PLCs in school there is a likelihood of improved learning outcomes amongst students due to collaborative efforts amongst teachers in lesson preparations and classroom instruction.
TEACHING IN NON-FORMAL SPACES OF LEARNING IN SÃO GONÇALO- RJ-BRAZIL: A CONSTRUCTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: RAMOS SACRAMENTO ANA CLAUDIA , FREITAS HARTMUT BEHM GUILHERME
Published: August 2022

The non-formal spaces of learning have promoted significant experiences to think the teaching of Geography and the spacial understanding of the city. This work has the aims to analyze the importance of spatial understanding of two non-formal spaces located in the municipality of São Gonçalo–RJ-Brazil: the Settlement Farm Engenho Novo–Girassol Site and the Climatological Experimental Station of the State University of Rio de Janeiro. These spaces are visited by students of two public school located in São Gonçalo–RJ-Brazil. The activities guide was built thus to organize the idea of watching, describe, and understanding spaces by students. With the results, the research concludes that the visit to these spaces – as a form of pedagogical didactics - can arouse in students the curiosity, inquiry and the sense of the importance of studying the contents in practice.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOGRAPHY CURRICULUM IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ADEYEMI BABATUNDE ADENIYI , AWOREFA TOLULOPE SAMUEL
Published: August 2022

The study investigated the availability and adequacy of Geography instructional resources in senior secondary schools in Osun State. It also examined the instructional strategies being employed by Geography teachers in teaching and learning in the classroom. Furthermore, the study assessed the quality of teachers in terms of qualification, content knowledge and years of experience in the state. These were with the view to providing information on the implementation of the Geography Curriculum in Senior Secondary Schools in Osun State. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of all Geography teachers in senior secondary schools in Osun State. Eighty (80) Geography teachers constituted the sample for the study. Two instruments were used for data collection. These are the Instructional Resources and Strategies Observation Checklist (IRSOC) and Teaching Personnel Questionnaire (TPQ). Data collected were analyzed using frequency count and percentages. The results showed that instructional resources were not readily available for use. Globe (73.33%), Topographical map (83.33%), Atlas (93.33%), and Geography textbooks (100%) were resources that are available while Chart of Weather Symbols (60%), Globe (72.72%), Geography Textbooks (76.67%), Topographical maps (80%) and Wall maps (100%) were adequate in schools the resources were available. However, the instructional strategy employed by Geography teachers were peer tutoring (3.33%), group activity strategy (6.67%), inquiry (30%), demonstration strategy (36.67%) and expository strategy (100%). On the quality of Geography teachers in the state, the study showed that 57.50% studied Geography as a course while 6.25%, 10%, 11.25% and 15% studied Sociology, Urban and Regional Planning, Demography and Statistics and Geology, respectively. The study concluded that instructional resources, as well as instructional strategies employed by Geography teachers in Senior Secondary Schools in Osun State, were inadequate.
ADVERSE IMPACT OF LOCKDOWN ON INDIAN SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR-A REVIEW
Authors: AGRAWAL JYOTI , SAVALE ABHILASHA , SHAKYAWAR BHAVANA , YADAV PRABINA , SIKARWAR PRERANA , SHARMA SHWETA
Published: August 2022

Due to high infectivity and death rates, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has caused worldwide social and psychologicalimpact by causing mass hysteria, economic burden, and feelings of aloneness during illness and financial losses. Studies have identified“coronaphobia” as a byproduct of the pandemic, where people have an extreme terror of contracting the virus. Mass fear of COVID-19 hascreated an overabundance of psychiatric manifestations across almost all strata of society. In this review, the psycho-social impacts ofCOVID-19 have been studied. As a data source Pubmed and Google Scholar are searched with the following key terms- “COVID-19 andsocial impact,” “SARS-CoV2 and social effects,” “social impact of current Pandemic,” “Psychological impact of COVID-19,” “Psycho-socialeffects and Coronavirus.” Many current published data and news were extracted that provide significant data. Our study revealed thatnationwide lockdowns and forced quarantine to fight against COVID-19 had produced acute panic, anxiety, obsessive behaviors, domesticabuse, hoarding, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and food insecurity, including marked impairment in daily lifefunctioning. The psycho-social aspects of older people, their caregivers, psychiatric patients and marginalized communities are badlyaffected in different ways and need special attention. From the present work, it can be concluded that there is an urgent need to find outeffective ways to treat people and bring them out of fear and stress. As these symptoms are seen in large population sizes, we also need tostudy the long-term effects of these adverse effects on the mass level.
Indonesia’s Badminton National Referees: What is The Level of Self-Confidence and Concentration?
Authors: PRATIWI ERA , SUHARJANA  , DHARMA HITA I PUTU AGUS , SARI HELEN PURNAMA , ARIESTIKA ELSA
Published: August 2022

Important national referees have psychological aspects, especially confidence and concentration when leading the match. This study aims to understand the confidence and concentration of badminton national referees in leading matches. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population of this research is all 140 Indonesian national badminton referees with national licenses A and B. The sample technique used in this research is using purposive sampling technique with the number of subjects used in this study are 26 national referees A and B. The instrument used is a self-confidence questionnaire. and referee concentration as many as 32 statements. The data analysis technique in this study used a validity test measured by the correlations product moment technique and a reliability test using the Cronbach's alpha technique. From the validity test, the value of sig 0.004 was obtained for the confidence questionnaire and sig 0.000 for the concentration questionnaire. The results of the reliability test obtained a value of 0.871 for the self-confidence questionnaire and a value of 0.975 for the concentration questionnaire. The results showed that the level of self-confidence was 1 person (4%) in very low category, 2 (8%) in moderate category, 4 (15%) in high category, and 19 (73%) in very high category. As for the concentration level, there are 7 (27%) very low categories, 4 (15%) low categories, 4 (15%) high categories, and 11 (42%) very high categories.
Influence of Work-Life-Balance and Family-Life-Balance on Job Performance and Satisfaction of Business Studies Teachers in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Chana Muhammad U. , Ibrahim Adamu , Abdulhamid Umar
Published: August 2022

The study determined the “Influence of Work-Life-Balance (WLB) and Family-Life-Balance (WFB) on job performance and satisfaction of Business Studies Teachers in Bauchi State, Nigeria” Specifically, the study had four objectives and four null hypotheses. The study adopted a survey research design. The population of this study comprised of 1601 Business Studies teachers in 2020/2021 academic session in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The sample of 400 business teaches were sampled for the study. The instrument for the data collection was 60 items 5 Likert Scale Questionnaire. The instrument was validated by 5 expects and pilot tested at Gombe State. A Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.834 was obtained. The data were collected by researcher assisted by five researach assistants. The data were analyzed Liner Logistic Regression to test the research hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated that WLB and WFB have significant influence on job performance and job satisfaction of Business Studies teachers in Bauchi State, Nigeria. It was concluded that, the negative attitude such as absenteeism, lateness, inability of covering the curriculum, personal and interpersonal conflicts of business studies teachers in school are as a result of difficulty in coping with WFB and WLB. The researcher recommended that, the Bauchi State government should employ more Business Studies teachers that will help to reduce workloads on existing teachers. Similarly, teachers with additional responsibilities should be motivated, this will help to improve the level of their job satisfaction.
Coin Based Mobile Charger
Authors: Sadiq Dr. Md. Jaffer
Published: August 2022

Abstract: When a coin is entered into the coin-based mobile charging system, the phone is charged. This technology is used by store owners and rural residents, and it can be deployed in public places such as train stations and bus stops to allow mobile charging. As a result, the coin acceptor detects legitimate coins and alerts the Arduino to take action. If a genuine coin is found, the Arduino receives a signal and begins the mobile charging mechanism, which provides a 5v supply to the phone via a power supply section. To display the charging time for the cell phone, the Arduino launches a reverse countdown timer. The user then inputs another coin, which the Arduino adds to the time left and decrements the countdown once more. And also here we connect Arduino to the internet by adding ESP8622 WI-FI module. It is a wireless and everything will be done on offline. It enables IoT service. Which updates the number of entries of a coin to the system. It will available in server side. This method can be used to charge smart phones in public settings. This coin-based mobile charging device provides sufficient power to the phone and is available on demand in public settings.
Crop Health Card for Plant Diseases
Authors: Fathima Arfa , K Pragathi. , Kumar Shreshta Anil , Lokesh Usha , Rajeswari Dr. M.
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Farmers have difficulty identifying, detecting, and treating plant diseases and their causes. Fruits are more susceptible to disease depending on the season and environmental conditions in which they grow during cultivation. The traditional method of predicting disease in fruits and plants is extremely difficult. Using the proposed model, a large dataset of different types of fruits and their diseases can be created, with a large number of images stored in different folders for processing the data set. Each data set is labeled with the type of disease and the affected fruit. This system is simple to train and test. Artificial Neural Networks are used to learn and categorize fruits and diseases. The proposed model can detect disease accurately and provide farmers with preventive measures and recommendations. Farmers all over the world will benefit from this system