bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth and Characterization of Uniform Carbon Nanotube Arrays on Active Substrates
Authors: Zhang Qiuhong , Quinton Betty T. , Tsao Bang-Hung , Scofield James , Merrett Neil , Lawson Jacob , Yost Kevin , Elston Levi
Published: March 2015

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have unique thermal/electrical/mechanical properties and high aspect ratios. Growth of CNTs directly onto reactive material substrates (such as metals and carbon based foam structures, etc.) to create a micro-carbon composite layer on the surface has many advantages: possible elimination of processing steps and resistive junctions, provision of a thermally conductive transition layer between materials of varying thermal expansion coefficients, etc. Compared to growing CNTs on conventional inert substrates such as SiO2, direct growth of CNTs onto reactive substrates is significantly more challenging. Namely, control of CNT growth, structure, and morphology has proven difficult due to the diffusion of metallic catalysts into the substrate during CNT synthesis conditions. In this study, using a chemical vapor deposition method, uniform CNT layers were successfully grown on copper foil and carbon foam substrates that were pre-coated with an appropriate buffer layer such as Al2O3 or Al. SEM images indicated that growth conditions and, most notably, substrate surface pre-treatment all influence CNT growth and layer structure/morphology. The SEM images and pull-off testing results revealed that relatively strong bonding existed between the CNT layer and substrate material, and that normal interfacial adhesion (0.2‒0.5 MPa) was affected by the buffer layer thickness. Additionally, the thermal properties of the CNT/substrate structure were evaluated using a laser flash technique, which showed that the CNT layer can reduce thermal resistance when used as a thermal interface material between bonded layers.
The mechanical characterization of stacked, multilayer graphene cantilevers and plates
Authors: Sandoz-Rosado Emil J. , Smith Joshua T. , Oida Satoshi , Bai Jingwei , Wetzel Eric D.
Published: March 2015

The mechanical properties of stacked graphene sheets with varying number of layers are examined. The stacked sheets are assembled by manually combining single layer CVD-grown graphene monolayers, resulting in a turbostratic multilayer graphene with irregular layer spacings greater than crystalline graphite. Due to the presence of multiple layers, the material is analyzed as a plate rather than a membrane. Bending stiffness is determined via the deflection of micron-scale cantilevers, prepared using focused ion beam milling, while in-plane tensile stiffness is characterized through center-loading of edge-supported circular specimens. Computational modeling and established analytical solutions are used to extract material and structural property information, and benchmark measured properties relative to complementary results from indentation tests. Stacked, few-layer CVD-grown graphene retains an in-plane elastic modulus of 350N/m/layer (corresponding to 1.04 TPa for an inter-layer spacing of 0.335nm), suggesting good load-sharing between stacked layers. Width-normalized bending stiffness was unmeasurable for cantilevers of 1 and 3 layers, while cantilevers of 5 and 10 layers had values of 11,100nN·nm and 1.3×106nN·nm respectively.
Bonding CVD Diamond to WC-Co by High Pressure - High Temperature Processing
Authors: Balzaretti Naira Maria , Pereira Altair Soria , Camerini Rafael Vieira , dos Santos Sérgio Ivan , da Jornada João Alziro Herz
Published: March 2015

In this work we investigate the effect of processing at high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) on the adhesion of CVD diamond coatings on WC-Co substrates. The samples consisted of WC-Co substrates coated with thin diamond films (10 – 40 μm thick) grown by microwave plasma (MWCVD) CVD. The substrates were previously etched in order to remove the Co from the surface region. The adhesion of the film and its wear resistance improved after the HPHT treatment. SEM images of the cross section of the coated substrate revealed that Co infiltrated back to the region where it was previously removed. The results indicate that it is possible to take advantage of the HPHT plants already available around the world to produce, besides PCD's and diamond powder, high-performance CVD diamond cutting tools with the advantage of requiring less demanding processing conditions.
In Vitro Evaluation of Titanium Exfoliation During Simulated Surgical Insertion of Dental Implants
Authors: Sridhar Sathyanarayanan , Wilson Thomas G. , Valderrama Pilar , Watkins-Curry Pilanda , Chan Julia Y. , Rodrigues Danieli C.
Published: March 2015

Dissolution of titanium wear particles in the oral environment, and their accumulation in the surrounding tissues have been associated with failure of dental implants (DI). The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of mechanical forces involved in surgical insertion of DI on surface wear and metal particle generation. It was hypothesized that mechanical factors associated with implant placement can lead to the generation of titanium particles in the oral environment. The testing methodology for surface evaluation employed simulated surgical insertion, followed by removal of DI in different densities of simulated bone material. Torsional forces were monitored for the insertion and removal of DI. The surface of the simulated bone materials was inspected with optical microscopy to detect traces of metallic particles that may have been generated during the procedure. Further characterization of the composition of powders collected from osteotomy cavities was conducted with powder X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the different densities of simulated bone material affected the torsional forces associated with implant insertion. However, the mechanical factors involved in the implant insertion/removal procedure did not generate wear particles, as confirmed by powder X-ray experiments.
Influence of cryopreservation and mechanical stimulation on equine Autologous Conditioned Plasma (ACP®)
Authors: Mageed M. , Ionita C. , Kissich C. , Brehm W. , Winter K. , Ionita J.-C.
Published: March 2015

Objective: To determine the influence of cryopreservation at two different temperatures on platelet concentration, growth factor (GF) levels and platelet activation parameters in equine ACP®; moreover, to determine if adding mechanical ACP® stimulation to freeze-thaw activation amplifies GF release from platelets. Material and methods: Firstly, blood from five horses was used to prepare ACP®. Platelet, platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) concentrations as well as mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet component (MPC) were determined in fresh and corresponding ACP® samples after 2 months cryopreservation at –20 °C and –80 °C, respectively. Secondly, ACP® was prepared from blood of nine horses. Half of ACP® was activated using one freeze-thaw-cycle at –20 °C, whereas the rest was first vortexed. Their PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations were subsequently determined. Results: Platelet concentration significantly decreased after –80 °C cryopreservation. PDGF-BB level augmented significantly after both storage methods, whereas TGF-β1 concentration was not significantly altered. MPV significantly increased after –20 °C cryopreservation. Both storage regimens induced a significant MPC decrease. No significant differences in GF concentrations between the vortexed and nonvortexed samples were detected. Discussion: Both cryopreservation methods induced platelet activation, but storage at –80 °C apparently harmed the platelets without generating higher GF release than –20 °C. The mechanical stimulation process could not enhance GF release in subsequently frozen-thawed ACP®. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Storage of ACP® at –20 °C could be useful in equine practice, but, before this procedure can be recommended, further qualitative tests are needed. The mechanical stimulation technique should be adjusted in order to increase platelet activation.
SHORT STATIC GPS/GLONASS OBSERVATION PROCESSING IN THE CONTEXT OF ANTENNA PHASE CENTER VARIATION PROBLEM
Authors: Dawidowicz Karol , Kazmierczak Rafal , Swiatek Krzysztof
Published: March 2015

So far, three methods have been developed to determine GNSS antenna phase center variations (PCV). For this reason, and because of some problems in introducing absolute models, there are presently three models of PCV receiver antennas (relative, absolute converted and absolute) and two satellite antennas (standard and absolute). Additionally, when simultaneously processing observations from different positioning systems (e.g. GPS and GLONASS), we can expect a further complication resulting from the different structure of signals and differences in satellite constellations. This paper aims at studying the height differences in short static GPS/GLONASS observation processing when different calibration models are used. The analysis was done using 3 days of GNSS data, collected with three different receivers and antennas, divided by half hour observation sessions. The results show that switching between relative and absolute PCV models may have a visible effect on height determination, particularly in high accuracy applications. The problem is especially important when mixed GPS/GLONASS observations are processed. The update of receiver antenna calibrations model from relative to absolute in our study (using LEIAT504GG, JAV_GRANT-G3T and TPSHIPER_PLUS antennas) induces a jump (depending on the measurement session) in the vertical component within to 1.3 cm (GPS-only solutions) or within 1.9 cm (GPS/GLONASS solutions).
ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DO POSICIONAMENTO RELATIVO A PARTIR DO AUSPOS
Authors: Carvalho Alessandro Salles , Silva Jane Azevedo da , Dal Poz William Rodrigo
Published: March 2015

A disponibilidade de sistemas de processamento de dados GPS (Global Positioning System), online e gratuitos, tem aumentado nos últimos anos. Dentre esses destaca-se o AUSPOS (v.2.1) o qual emprega o programa BERNESE (v. 5.0) para realização do posicionamento relativo estático. O objetivo desse trabalho é verificar a qualidade do posicionamento planimétrico e altimétrico obtido com o uso do AUSPOS. Para isso foram utilizados arquivos contendo sessões de observações GPS de 4, 6 e 24 horas, no período de 22 dias consecutivos, no mês de setembro de 2013, das estações CRUZ, IMBT, IMPZ, MGIN e POAL, pertencentes à RBMC (Rede Brasileira de Monitoramento Contínuo dos Sistemas GNSS). Os resultados mostraram menor variabilidade posicional com o aumento da duração da sessão de rastreio e as acurácias planimétrica e altimétrica sub-centimétricas para o período de 24h e centimétricas para os períodos de 4h e 6h.
INFLUÊNCIA DO GÊNERO NA DEMANDA VISUAL POR MAPAS EM ESCALAS DIFERENTES EM SISTEMA DE NAVEGAÇÃO E GUIA DE ROTA
Authors: Ramos Ana Paula Marques , Decanini Mônica Modesta Santos , Pugliesi Edmur Azevedo , Tachibana Vilma Mayumi
Published: March 2015

Este trabalho investiga a influência do gênero do motorista na demanda visual por mapas dinâmicos exibidos em diferentes escalas em Sistemas de Navegação e Guia de Rota em Automóvel- SINGRA. Um grupo de 26 homens e 26 mulheres participou de um teste realizado em um simulador de direção de baixo custo. A tarefa do motorista consistiu em realizar uma viagem por uma rota desconhecida, auxiliado por um protótipo de SINGRA que exibe mapas em duas diferentes escalas. Este trabalho replica os achados da literatura a respeito de que há uma relação significativa entre o gênero e o desempenho em tarefas visuo-espacial. Os resultados mostram que motoristas de diferentes gêneros apresentam diferentes níveis de demanda visual, tanto para a variação da escala do mapa quanto para a variação da complexidade da manobra. Estes resultados são discutidos com base nas diferenças individuais em termos de habilidade espacial e ansiedade espacial.
State-of-the-art report: GCL shear strength and its measurement – ten-year update
Authors: Fox P.J. , Stark T.D.
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: This paper presents an invited update to our 2004 state-of-the-art report and provides a comprehensive source of information on the shear strength and shear strength testing of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Essential concepts of shear stress–displacement behavior and shear strength are presented, followed by detailed discussions on the laboratory measurement of the shear strength of GCLs and GCL interfaces. The paper also provides recommendations for the selection of design strength envelopes for stability analyses and checklists to assist users in the specification of GCL shear testing programs. North American practice is emphasized and discussions are focused primarily within the context of landfill bottom liner and cover systems. Conclusions and recommendations are provided with regard to GCL shear strength behavior and current GCL strength testing practice, improvements for GCL strength testing are suggested, and future research needs are identified.
Temperature and moisture effects on GCL and textured geomembrane interface shear strength
Authors: Hanson J.L. , Chrysovergis T.S. , Yesiller N. , Manheim D.C.
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: This investigation was conducted to determine the effects of temperature and moisture on the shear strength of a double nonwoven geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) and a high-density polyethylene textured geomembrane (T-GM) interface for municipal solid waste landfills. Interface direct shear tests were conducted at normal stresses representative of cover liners (10, 20 and 30 kPa) and bottom liners (100, 200 and 300 kPa). Tests were conducted at temperatures of 2, 20 and 40°C (cover liner) and 20 and 40°C (bottom liner); and at moisture contents of as-received (19%), 50 and 100%. Both peak and large-displacement (50 mm) shear strength parameters were determined. For cover liners, temperature was determined to have a greater influence on interface shear strength than moisture content, whereas bottom liner shear strength was influenced more by moisture than temperature. Measured interface shear strengths varied by up to 54% with temperature and up to 43% with moisture content. Interface friction angles were greatest at 20°C for both cover and bottom liners. Variations in the interface shear strength parameters were attributed to geosynthetic damage including surface texture of the geomembranes (quantified with optical interferometry) and bentonite extrusion. Overall, results of this testing programme indicated that both peak and large displacement GCL/T-GM interface shear strengths were influenced by temperature and moisture content representative of field service conditions.
Polymer-treated bentonite clay for chemical-resistant geosynthetic clay liners
Authors: Di Emidio G. , Mazzieri F. , Verastegui-Flores R.-D. , Van Impe W. , Bezuijen A.
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: The purpose of hydraulic barriers, such as geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), is to isolate waste liquids from the environment. Bentonite clay is widely used in GCLs because of its elevated sealing capacity in the presence of water and its ability to restrict the migration of solutes (chemico-osmotic efficiency or semi-permeable membrane behaviour). However, exposure to high concentrations of inorganic solutions can change the clay fabric increasing its hydraulic conductivity and degrading its membrane behaviour, with a consequent harm to the environment. The aim of this research was to study the hydraulic and chemico-osmotic performance of amended clays. For this purpose, an engineered clay (HYPER clay) was developed through treatment of a natural bentonite with an anionic polymer and the results were compared with two amended clay materials (multi-swellable bentonite (MSB) and a dense prehydrated GCL (DPH GCL)). To demonstrate the potential benefits of polymer treatment, material characterisation through X-ray diffraction analysis, density of solid particles, Atterberg limits, and swelling tests was performed on treated and untreated samples. Subsequently, hydraulic conductivity and chemico-osmotic tests were performed with CaCl2 solutions on treated and untreated clays, to evaluate the modified clays resistance to chemical attack. The results of this research showed that the present amendment technology has a great potential for future GCL applications. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated the intercalation of the polymer in the interlayer region of the clay inducing a dispersed clay structure. The swell index and the liquid limit of the clay increased with increasing polymer dosage suggesting a potential benefit of the polymer on preserving the hydraulic performance of the clay. Unlike the untreated clay, HYPER clay treatment maintained low hydraulic conductivity of the clay to CaCl2 even in the long term and protected the clay against the destructive role of diffusion, maintaining the initial osmotic efficiency in the long term. Test results were also compared with other amended clays MSB and DPH GCL. These two amended clay materials displayed a chemico-osmotic behaviour at the steady state similar to that observed on untreated clay. On the other hand, the preservation of the chemico-osmotic efficiency of the HYPER clay with time suggests that the carboxymethyl cellulose was not flushed out during the long period of permeation with deionised water.
Strength envelope of symmetrically reinforced concrete members under bending–shear–axial loads
Authors: Lu Yiqiu , Huang Liang , Xu Zipeng , Yin Peng
Published: March 2015

Reinforced concrete members in structures are typically subjected to a combination of bending, shear and axial compression (tension) loads. A simplified bending–shear–axial compression (tension) interaction formula based on bending–axial compression, bending–shear and bending–axial tension interactions was proposed to obtain the strength envelope of symmetrically reinforced concrete members under bending, shear and axial compression (tension). The interaction formula is verified by a comparison with experimental data. A sample planar-frame calculation result indicates that the envelope can be used as a failure criterion in symmetrically reinforced components to determine the safety of the members and calculate the residual capacities of components under bending, shear and axial compression (tension).
Resilience in urban drainage risk management systems
Authors: Birgani Yaser Tahmasebi , Yazdandoost Farhad
Published: March 2015

Resilience is defined here considering the behaviour of an urban drainage risk management (UDRM) system in terms of its response and recovery under different rainfall events focusing on institutional and social aspects. A set of indicators is defined to operationalise definition for UDRM systems. To quantify the indicators, a hierarchical fuzzy system is developed to consider uncertainties in the UDRM system's social and institutional parameters and also to prevent the curse of dimensionality. The proposed scheme is tested on a real case study in Tehran in order to evaluate the effectiveness of some urban drainage plans to improve the current urban drainage system in terms of resilience. The results show that the presented indicators may be used as decision making criteria to help urban authorities select urban drainage options based on the behaviour of the UDRM system under different rainfall events.
3. O ADMIRÁVEL MUNDO NOVO E A PERDA DA IDENTIDADE: A FICÇÃO E SEUS ECOS JURÍDICOS SOBRE OS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS E A NORMA FUNDAMENTAL POLÍTICA
Authors: PINTO Emerson De Lima
Published: March 2015

RESUMO: A obra admirável mundo novo de Aldous Huxley enseja reflexões significativas sobre o Direito e a Filosofia Politica. Publicado em 1932 captou o ambiente que se desenvolvia na Europa e no Mundo e suas nefastas consequências para a humanidade. O surgimento e consolidação de regime totalitária e o desenvolvimento cientifico agudo que não tinha paralelo na reflexão ética forjou um cenário politico que propiciou um dos capítulos mais devastadores da história da humanidade. Seu texto registra o evoluir de um pensamento cientificista desenvolvimentista que tem como finalidade dotar a sociedade de estabilidade mesmo que isso implique no desaparecimento do individuo como ser importante para o bem viver da sociedade e suas consequências para a (re)fundação do Estado e a relevância de uma Constituição garantidora de direitos fundamentais. O indivíduo é subsumido na ordem social que afirma na supremacia do interesse publico única razão do seu existir e, neste processo observamos que o direito nesta sociedade idílica e distópica são utilizados de modo instrumentalizado por parte daqueles que exercem o domínio do poder politico e que se afasta de nossa noção atual de garantia de direitos fundamentais. Esse cenário desolador destoa do rico e dinâmico processo de construção da identidade latino-americana e o espaço destinado às pessoas de modo individual e coletivo bem como das instituições, mostra a dificuldade anterior existente e, principalmente, agora com a globalização que possui seu próprio processo universalista midiático onde a identidade é a expressão cultural do pertencimento a um espaço por parte de pessoas, indivíduos e coletividades.
8. O ENSINO JURÍDICO ENTRE CONDICIONAMENTO E CRIATIVIDADE: DESAFIOS PARA SUPERAÇÃO
Authors: KRETSCHMANN Angela , OHLWEILER Leonel Pires
Published: March 2015

Resumo: 
Após percorrer brevemente a evolução histórica da inserção das Escolas de Direito na sociedade brasileira, observando o contexto fatual no qual foram criadas, realizam uma avaliação crítica das condições para propositura de novos modelos de aprendizagem, e questionam, de modo especial, se é possível propor uma quebra de paradigma do atual modelo imposto pelo Ministério da Educação.
1. BUROCRACIA, PODER E FINITUDE: uma análise com a lembrança de Ivan Ilitch.
Authors: DOS SANTOS Dartagnan Ferrer , PINTO Fábio Bortolazzo
Published: March 2015

Procura-se neste estudo estabelecer algumas aproximações entre a novela A morte de Ivan Ilitch de Leon Tolstoi e a teoria do direito, usando-se também conceitos de outras ciências humanas. Em primeiro lugar, será feita uma análise de importância e contextualização da obra literária. Em seguida, partindo de uma crítica ao exercício do cargo burocrático e seguindo lições de Max Weber, José Martins Catharino e outros, busca-se estabelecer um paralelo entre os problemas advindos da posição de destaque inerente a cargos judiciários de maior prestígio e altos empregados do setor privado. Por fim, às regalias do poder será contraposta uma questão mais primordial, a da finitude da vida.
5. AS APARÊNCIAS NO DIREITO: ENSAIO A PARTIR DA “MORTE DE IVAN ILITCH”
Authors: KRETSCHMANN Angela
Published: March 2015

o artigo busca enfrentar, a partir da obra de Ivan Ilitch, a problemática das aparências no direito, a busca de sentido e sua perda, dentro do contexto da teoria do Direito. A obra de Leon Tolstói, paradigmática ao revelar uma vida sem sentido, descoberta apenas a partir da revelação da doença e percepção da impossibilidade de sua cura, coloca o personagem diante de uma revelação particular: sua vida de aparências. Essa vida de aparências ocorre tanto no aspecto pessoal quanto profissional, e nesse sentido, aproveita-se a obra para destacar a importância e o significado do sentido no Direito.
9. A LEGISLAÇÃO E AS DECISÕES QUE PROTEGEM OS DIREITOS DAS MULHERES NOS TRIBUNAIS BRASILEIROS
Authors: SCHOLZE Martha Luciana
Published: March 2015

A história mostra que as relações de gênero passaram por inúmeras alterações no decorrer do tempo e são configuradas como construções culturais de identidades masculinas e femininas. A identidade das mulheres baseou-se na opressão, submissão e discriminação. Mesmo tendo conquistado espaço no mercado de trabalho, a mulher ainda luta por desigualdades de cargos, salários e até mesmo na legislação. Esses fatores de desigualdades, atribuídas ao gênero feminino, vem, desde sempre, sendo cristalizadas pelas representações que configuram no imaginário da sociedade. Diante desse cenário, surgem as reivindicações das mulheres pelo fim da discriminação e exigência de melhores condições de trabalho, leis de proteção a maternidade, a integridade, entre outras e a implementação de políticas públicas que permitam que a mulher conquiste cada vez mais espaço dentro da sociedade.
2. EL DOCUMENTO DE MONTREUX: DERECHOS HUMANOS Y DERECHO INTERNACIONAL HUMANITARIO EN LAS OPERACIONES DE EMPRESAS MILITARES Y DE SEGURIDAD PRIVADAS
Authors: LAMUS Fernando Villamizar
Published: March 2015

Este artículo analiza el devenir histórico por el cual se concibió la iniciativa que constituyó el Documento de Montreux, así como las obligaciones y alcance de dicho documento. A su vez, analiza cómo pueden ser suplidas las falencias en la efectividad jurídica del Documento de Montreux, para evitar que las Empresas Militares y de Seguridad Privadas actúen en un vacío legal que pudiere tener consecuencias funestas.
Global urbanization as a shifting context for applying ecological science toward the sustainable city
Authors: Pickett Steward T. A. , Zhou Weiqi
Published: March 2015

There is an abundance of conceptual frameworks relevant to sustainability in urban systems. However, to advance urban ecological science and its application to sustainable urban transformations, key existing frameworks must be synthesized. This paper is a conceptual synthesis cast in essay form in order to encompass a broad range of relevant ideas. It starts from the premise that the familiar models of metropolitan and megalopolitan urban structure, of industrially driven urban development, and of the contrasts between urban and non‐urban lands are manifestly inadequate representations of evolving global reality. Such inadequacy is illustrated with examples from the United States and from China. Both the form and the interactions involved in contemporary urbanization and urban change suggest the need for a new integrated framework synthesizing two existing yet still evolving concepts: (1) The urban megaregion framework accommodates the spatial extent, interdigitation of contrasting land uses, and the linked spatial relations between nominally urban and nominally rural areas. (2) The new concept of the continuum of urbanity emphasizes the shifts in livelihood and lifestyle driven by regional and global teleconnections and their joint effects on local environments and landscapes. Together these frameworks suggest a common conceptual structure for addressing urban areas of different ages, sizes, forms, and dynamics in both urbanizing and urbanized areas in developing and developed countries and regions. The synthesis of frameworks points to empirical research needs, and has the potential to better match sustainability plans and actions with the diverse urban forms and dynamics now appearing around the world.
Change Management Enablers for Successful Workflow Conceptualization, Development and Implementation: Digital Oil Field Cases from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Velarde Salvador A.
Published: March 2015

Objectives/Scope:

This study presents change management key enablers to successful workflow conceptualization, automation and implementation portraying two digital oil field (DOF) process workflow blueprints as case studies. To achieve good performance, workflows are necessary to execute efficient processes that integrate people, processes and technology to support results.

Methods, Procedures, Process:

This case study shows change management procedures for successful adoption in the DOF. It includes the definition of enablers that lead to improved process efficiency. This includes workflow development and process reengineering from conceptualization to implementation. The procedure integrates process knowledge, cross-organizational collaboration, awareness and ownership as key enablers to successful adoption and execution.

Results, Observations and Conclusions:

Results and observations: The benefits of change management enablers in the DOF workflow cases are portrayed in terms of improved efficiency and performance measurement through the integration of knowledge management, process waste elimination, task automation and visualization. In one case study, non-value activities were discarded from implementation. This led to results with significantly reduced processing time. In another case study, the workflow execution led to performance improvement in equipment availability and design selection, minimizing waiting time and rework.

Conclusions:

Change management leads to successful process workflow development and execution. Further added value is achieved when change management implementation is aligned with objectives.

Novel/Additive Information:

This paper provides a valuable insight to applied case studies of DOF change management implementation. Here, the reader is walked through change management enablers to highlight the procedures for workflow conceptualization, development and implementation leading to success.
Big Data Every Day: Predictive Analytics Used to Improve Production Surveillance
Authors: Raphael Scott , Fuge Clara P. , Gutierrez Shawn , Kuzma Heidi A. , Arora Nimar S.
Published: March 2015

Terabytes of data are being collected every day in the oilfield. Intuition suggests that the more data the better and that if a little bit of information is valuable, then a lot must be incredibly more so. And yet, is it? It is not the data itself, but the ability to put it toward some useful task which matters. One of the most concrete ways in which Big Data can be brought to bear on the everyday is through predictive analytics, the science of using facts from the past to analyze the present and predict the future. In the oil field, a simple and powerful way of making use of data and predictive analytics is for automatic surveillance by exception. By learning from the past it is possible to predict what should be happening today and compare the prediction to what is actually going on. If the two do not match then a problem has been identified and a solution found. Addressing problems early is one of the cheapest ways to boost production.
Integrating Engineering and Operations for Successful HTHP Exploratory Drilling
Authors: Smith J. R. , Cade R. S. , Gatte R. D.
Published: March 2015

The Amoco Matagorda Island 636 #1 exploratory well was successfully drilled to 18,834 feet in 85 days. Both the depth and the drilling time were industry records for the 50 block area on trend with the well. The 357°F bottom hole temperature, required mud weights of up to 18.5 ppg, 8000+' of overpressured section, 2000+' of previously unexplored section, and the historical drilling problems in the area combined to make this well a special challenge. The results achieved validate the strategy that was developed to integrate engineering and operations as an example of how to meet such challenges successfully.

This paper focuses on describing this strategy, how it was developed and applied, and the results achieved relative to previous industry performance in the area. The crucial components of the strategy: planning, innovation, and teamwork, are discussed in detail. Specific examples of techniques, technology, tools, and our tactics for applying them are provided. These ranged from rigorous application of important industry standard practices to pure experimentation, as with previously untried bit designs, and included a comprehensive effort to achieve a positive synergy within both the drilling system we assembled and our organization for its operation.
Planting the Seeds for Data Literacy: Lessons Learned from a Student-Centered Education Program
Authors: Carlson Jake , Stowell Bracke Marianne
Published: March 2015

There is an increasing need for graduate students to acquire competencies in managing and curating their data sets as a part of their education. Librarians and other information professionals are beginning to respond to this need by developing programming, but as of yet there are few models to follow and the impact on the practices of students is under-explored. This case study presents a student-centered pilot program on data literacy offered at Purdue University. The program was offered through the College of Agriculture and was structured to be flexible enough to incorporate each studentâ€™s particular field of study. Exercises and assignments were designed to incorporate the studentâ€™s own research data to create meaningful, authentic learning experiences. Formative and summative assessment was a critical component of the program, which included interviews with students six months after completion of the program to determine the extent to which the data competencies covered had taken root in studentsâ€™ research practices. The structure of the pilot program, its strengths and weakness, its impact on students, and lessons learned by the instructors are discussed.
Bridging the Data Talent Gap: Positioning the iSchool as an Agent for Change
Authors: Lyon Liz , Brenner Aaron
Published: March 2015

This paper examines the role, functions and value of the â€œiSchoolâ€ as an agent of change in the data informatics and data curation arena. A brief background to the iSchool movement is given followed by a brief review of the data decade, which highlights key data trends from the iSchool perspective: open data and open science, big data and disciplinary data diversity. The growing emphasis on the shortage of data talent is noted and a family of data science roles identified. The paper moves on to describe three primary functions of iSchools: education, research intelligence and professional practice, which form the foundations of a new Capability Ramp Model. The model is illustrated by mini-case studies from the School of Information Sciences, University of Pittsburgh: the immersive (laboratory-based) component of two new Research Data Management and Research Data Infrastructures graduate courses, a new practice partnership with the University Library System centred on RDM, and the mapping of disciplinary data practice using the Community Capability Model Profile Tool. The paper closes with a look to the future and, based on the assertion that data is mission-critical for iSchools, some steps are proposed for the next data decade: moving data education programs into the mainstream core curriculum, adopting a translational data science perspective and strengthening engagement with the Research Data Alliance.
Digital Curation Education and Training: From Digitization to Graduate Curricula to MOOCs
Authors: Tibbo Helen R.
Published: March 2015

This paper traces the development of digital and data curation curricula. Due to the brief length of this paper, the focus is on North American initiatives and primarily on continuing education programs. It explores the strengths and weaknesses of professional workshops and the creation of graduate-level courses, certificates, degrees and MOOCs, as well as the role of funding agencies in this process. It concludes with an analysis of what is missing and what is needed to create the workforce required to steward digital assets in the foreseeable future.
Retraction: Radenovic L, Selakovic V. Mitochondrial superoxide production and MnSOD activity following exposure to an agonist and antagonists of ionotropic receptors in rat brain, Arch Biol Sci. 2005; 57(1):1-10, DOI:10.2298/ABS0501001R
Authors: Editorial E
Published: March 2015

This is a notice of retraction of the article: Mitochondrial superoxide production and MnSOD activity following exposure to
an agonist and antagonists of ionotropic glutamate receptors in rat brain,
published in the Archives of Biological Sciences in 2005, Vol. 57, Issue 1.
The Editor-in-Chief has been informed that this paper plagiarizes an earlier
paper: Radenovic L, Selakovic V, Kartelija G, Todorovic N, Nedeljkovic M.
Differential effects of NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists on
superoxide production and MnSOD activity in rat brain following
intrahippocampal injection. Brain Res Bull, 2004, 64(1):85-93. This claim is
correct and almost the entire paper is a verbatim copy of the earlier one.
After confirmation of this fact, the Editor-in-Chief of the Archives of Biological Sciences has decided to retract the paper immediately. We
apologize to the readers of the journal that it took so many years to notice
this error and to retract the paper. We request readers of the journal to
directly get in touch with the editorial office and the editors of the
journal for similar cases in the future, so that they can be handled promptly.

 Link to the retracted article 10.2298/ABS0501001R
Diseases of Abnormal Sensitivity to Cold in Children on Psychostimulant Drugs
Authors: Coulombe Jéarôcme , Powell Julie , Hatami Afshin , Mccuaig Catherine , Renet Sophie , Marcoux Danielle
Published: March 2015

Background

Oral psychostimulant (PS) drugs, the pharmacologic treatment of choice for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been associated with diseases of abnormal sensitivity to cold (DASC) such as Raynaud phenomenon and acrocyanosis.

Objectives

In a cohort of pediatric patients with DASC, we sought to identify prevalence and clinical features of patients on PS drugs.

Methods

A 6-year retrospective chart review (2005-2011) of Ste-Justine University Hospital Center DASC patients with and without exposure to PS drugs was performed. Clinical data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods.

Results

Of 43 patients with DASC, 11 (25%) were exposed to PS drugs. In this group males were overrepresented, there was no evidence of collagen vascular diseases, serologic findings were not significant and the mean duration of PS intake was of 2.5 years. DASC age of onset was similar in both exposed and nonexposed patients. The incidence of more than one DASC type was greater in teenager patients with a positive family history of autoimmune and/or collagen vascular diseases.

Limitations

This study is limited by its small population size, short follow-up period and its retrospective nature.

Conclusion

Physicians should be aware of PS drugs as possible triggers for DASC.
Evaluation between Association of Psoriasis and Vitiligo
Authors: Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Banihashemi Mahnaz , Pezeshkpoor Fakhrozaman , Moradifar Mehri , Feli Shahab , Esmaeili Habibollah
Published: March 2015

Background

Although the occurrence of psoriasis and vitiligo is reported in a few studies, no proper relationship has been found between these two diseases.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of the coincidence of these two diseases.

Method

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 6,200 patients referred to dermatology clinics from September 2004 to June 2005.

Results

Among these patients, 219 and 154 patients suffered from psoriasis (3.53%) and vitiligo (2.48%), respectively, and 12 patients (0.19%) had psoriasis and vitiligo simultaneously. The coincidence in the psoriasis group was 5.48% and in the vitiligo group was 7.79%, so the coincidence of both diseases was greater than the incidence of each alone. This association was significant ( p = .004).

Conclusion

Coincidence of these two diseases was seen, but more studies should be done to find common genetic and immunologic factors.
POEMS Syndrome Complicated by Extensive Calciphylaxis: A Remarkable Recovery
Authors: Bourgeault Emilie , Dahl Alice , Thibeault Marie-Marthe , Dupéré Audrey , Drolet Anne-Marie , Mathieu Jean
Published: March 2015

Background and Objective

Calciphylaxis is life threatening. It has traditionally been associated with end-stage renal disease and hyperparathyroidism but is increasingly common in other clinical contexts. The association of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome and calciphylaxis has been reported only in a few cases. This case is the first of patient survival in such widespread disease.

Methods and Results

A 42-year-old man with POEMS syndrome developed extensive calciphylaxis despite normal renal and parathyroid function. Rapid diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care contributed to full clinical resolution.

Conclusion

This is the fifth case of POEMS syndrome associated with calciphylaxis. The observations from this report suggest that POEMS syndrome might be an independent risk factor for the development of calciphylaxis. This case underlines the importance of careful follow-up in patients with POEMS syndrome and prompt diagnosis and treatment of associated calciphylaxis.
Pigmented Mammary Paget Disease Mimicking Superficial Spreading Melanoma in an Elderly African-American Female
Authors: Napolitano Larry , Crowe David
Published: March 2015

Background

Pigmented mammary Paget disease (PMPD) is a rare disease that may mimic cutaneous melanoma both in clinical presentation and on histology.

Objective

The goal of this study was to discuss the clinical and histologic similarities between PMPD and cutaneous melanoma and how to differentiate between the two diseases.

Methods

We describe an African-American patient with PMPD who was thought to have cutaneous melanoma on presentation. We describe the similarities of PMPD to cutaneous melanoma both clinically and on histology and discuss the methods of differentiation.

Results

Clinical examination revealed a large pigmented patch of the left breast that appeared asymmetrical with irregular borders with a highly variable color pattern throughout. Histologic evaluation showed characteristics shared between PMPD and cutaneous melanoma. Immunohistochemical staining was needed for differentiation.

Conclusion

PMPD is a rare disease and is similar in clinical presentation and on histology to cutaneous melanoma. Immunohistochemical staining must be used to differentiate between the two diseases.
Multiple Cutaneous Creamy Papules and Nodules: A Case of Miliarial Gout
Authors: Kirchhof Mark G. , Collins David , Crawford Richard I. , Au Sheila
Published: March 2015

Background

Tophaceous gout is the nonarticular deposition of monosodium urate resulting from a disorder in purine metabolism that causes an elevation of serum uric acid. Cutaneous variants of tophaceous gout include papular, nodular, ulcerative, and pustular forms.

Objective

We present a case of a 67-year-old man who presented with multiple cutaneous creamy white papules and nodules. A biopsy was taken, and a diagnosis of cutaneous tophaceous gout was made. The treatment and pathophysiology are discussed.

Conclusion

Miliarial gout is a rare form of cutaneous tophaceous gout that is treated using xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as allopurinol and febuxostat or uricosurics such as probenecid.
Generalized Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma
Authors: Doane Jennifer A.E. , Purdy Kerri , Pasternak Sylvia
Published: March 2015

Background

There are less than 100 cases of multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma (MCA) currently reported in the literature. It occurs as a localized, asymptomatic, benign proliferation of the skin, characterized histologically by irregular multinucleate cells. Due to its novelty, the etiology of the disease and treatment options are still under investigation.

Objective

To report a case of confirmed, generalized MCA along with a review of the literature on the histology, immunology, potential etiology, and treatment of MCA.

Observations

The patient was a 41-year-old female with asymptomatic violaceous plaques found on the extensor arms, legs, and trunk. Histopathology revealed increased dilated vascularity and cellularity (composed of mononuclear histiocytes and a few angulated multinucleated giant cells) in the dermis.

Conclusions

Overall, MCA is a poorly understood, distinct dermatologic phenomenon. Here we present a case of generalized MCA to further the understanding of this disease presentation.
Treatment effects produced by the Twin-block appliance vs the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device in growing Class II patients
Authors: Giuntini Veronica , Vangelisti Andrea , Masucci Caterina , Defraia Efisio , McNamara Jr James A. , Franchi Lorenzo
Published: March 2015

Objective: 

To compare the dentoskeletal changes produced by the Twin-block appliance (TB) followed by fixed appliances vs the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) in combination with fixed appliances in growing patients having Class II division 1 malocclusion.

Materials and Methods: 

Twenty-eight Class II patients (19 females and 9 males; mean age, 12.4 years) treated consecutively with the TB followed by fixed appliances were compared with a group of 36 patients (16 females and 20 males; mean age, 12.3 years) treated consecutively with the FRD in combination with fixed appliances and with a sample of 27 subjects having untreated Class II malocclusion (13 females and 14 males; mean age, 12.2 years). Mean observation interval was 2.3 years in all groups. Cephalometric changes were compared among the three groups by means of ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests.

Results: 

The FRD produced a significant restraint of the maxilla compared with the TB and control samples (SNA, −1.1° and −1.8°, respectively). The TB sample exhibited significantly greater mandibular advancement and greater increments in total mandibular length than either the FRD or control groups (SNB, 1.9° and 1.5°, respectively; and Co-Gn, 2.0 mm and 3.4 mm, respectively). The FRD produced a significantly greater amount of proclination of the mandibular incisors than what occurred with the TB or the control samples (2.9° and 5.6°, respectively).

Conclusion: 

The TB appliance produced greater skeletal effects in terms of mandibular advancement and growth stimulation while the Forsus caused significant proclination of the mandibular incisors.
Circulating and Dietary Trans Fatty Acids and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Wang Qianyi , Imamura Fumiaki , Ma Wenjie , Wang Molin , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , King Irena B. , Song Xiaoling , Biggs Mary L. , Delaney Joseph A. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Djousse Luc , Siscovick David S. , Mozaffarian Dariush
Published: March 2015

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of trans fatty acids (TFAs) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) by specific TFA subtype or method of assessment.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In the Cardiovascular Health Study, plasma phospholipid trans (t)-16:1n9, t-18:1, and cis (c)/t-, t/c-, and t/t-18:2 were measured in blood drawn from 2,919 adults aged 74 ± 5 years and free of prevalent DM in 1992. Dietary TFA was estimated among 4,207 adults free of prevalent DM when dietary questionnaires were initially administered in 1989 or 1996. Incident DM was defined through 2010 by medication use or blood glucose levels. Risks were assessed by Cox proportional hazards.

RESULTS

In biomarker analyses, 287 DM cases occurred during 30,825 person-years. Both t-16:1n9 (extreme quartile hazard ratio 1.59 [95% CI 1.04–2.42], P-trend = 0.04) and t-18:1 (1.91 [1.20–3.03], P-trend = 0.01) levels were associated with higher incident DM after adjustment for de novo lipogenesis fatty acids. In dietary analyses, 407 DM cases occurred during 50,105 person-years. Incident DM was positively associated with consumption of total TFAs (1.38 [1.03–1.86], P-trend = 0.02), t-18:1 (1.32 [1.00–1.76], P-trend = 0.04), and t-18:2 (1.41 [1.05–1.89], P-trend = 0.02). After further adjustment for other dietary habits, however, the associations of estimated dietary TFA with DM were attenuated, and only nonsignificant positive trends remained.

CONCLUSIONS

Among older adults, plasma phospholipid t-16:1n9 and t-18:1 levels were positively related to DM after adjustment for de novo lipogenesis fatty acids. Estimated dietary TFA was not significantly associated with DM. These findings highlight the need for further observational, interventional, and experimental studies of the effects TFA on DM.