bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Elevation Effect of Vibration Induced by Pneumatic Rock Breaking with Carbon Dioxide Ice Powder
Authors: Li Chen , Zhang Qiang , Xi Lingzhi , Yang Huai
Published: August 2024

In traditional explosive blasting, the elevation amplification effect is an important aspect
that cannot be ignored in the study of vibration disasters. Compared with this type of vibration, the
elevation amplification effect of vibration induced by pneumatic rock breaking with carbon dioxide
ice pow-der was explored through on-site vibration monitoring experiments. The results showed
peak particle velocity increased when the sensor was higher than the vibration source, indicating
that vibration induced by pneumatic rock breaking with carbon dioxide ice powder, like explosive
blasting, has an elevation amplification effect. However, the elevation effect of vibration induced by
pneumatic rock breaking with carbon dioxide ice powder mainly manifests as an amplification of the
low-frequency vibration component, suppressing and weakening the high-frequency vibration.
Others, the elevation amplification effect is only reflected within a certain distance. As the distance
to the vibration source increases, peak particle velocity returns to its standard value and follows the
existing attenuation rule. The elevation factor no longer affects the propagation and attenuation of
vibration within the rock mass.
A Highway Monitoring Necessity Grading Method Considering Traffic State Stability
Authors: Xu Guomin , Yang Shencheng , Zhou Wei , Ning Ziyao , Zou Haiyun
Published: August 2024

In order to meet the basic requirements of expressway operation and maintenance
management in the new era,refine the monitoring requirements of different expressway
sections,and maximize the operation benefit of expressway monitoring system,this paper puts
forward the stability of traffic state related to overtaking frequency,speed difference and traffic
fluctuation at the entrance and exit,and obtains the grading detection method of expressway
through entropy method and global Moran index,which provides a basis for optimizing monitoring
and improving road safety.
Inference Method for Abnormal Traffic Events in Highway Monitoring Blind Spots
Authors: Xu Guomin , Zhang Sibo , Han Yuxuan , Lin Yi , Xiao Feng
Published: August 2024

Highway monitoring is critical for traffic safety and efficiency. However, monitoring blind
spots—areas between surveillance points—poses significant challenges. This study proposes an
inference method to detect abnormal traffic events in highway blind spots by analyzing vehicle
counts from adjacent monitored regions. Utilizing Vissim and LumenRT for simulation, we create
realistic highway scenarios to collect time series data. Cross-correlation is used to determine the
time lag between vehicle counts, and Pearson's correlation coefficient evaluates the correlation
between time-shifted data. The results show significant correlation under normal conditions, which
decreases noticeably during abnormal events, confirming the method's effectiveness. This
approach enhances the ability to monitor and respond to traffic anomalies in blind spots, improving
overall highway safety and efficiency.
Cell PCI Assignment Method Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Yan Xiaochen , Gao Zelong , Zhong Qian , Liang Xingyu
Published: August 2024

In order to streamline PCI allocation within cells for diminished conflicts, interferences,
and complexities, an innovative methodology is introduced. A novel approach employing Particle
Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to gauge and enhance cellular performance in wireless
communications. We developed a comprehensive database for 2067 active cells along with their
collision, interference, and confusion matrices. Utilizing regression tree models to analyze the
influence of PCI configurations on MR values, coupled with PSO's capacity to refine PCI
configurations, significantly reduces MR values, consequently boosting network performance. This
study exemplifies the effective integration of machine learning and optimization algorithms into
enhancing wireless network efficiency, offering network operators a valuable decision-making tool
in intricate scenarios.
Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade: Etiologia, fisiopatologia e avanços no diagnóstico
Authors: Cohen Joanna Cyrene Duarte Chagas , Marques Felipe Costa de Oliveira , Silva Adriana Potratz da , Macedo Nathalia Faleiros , Araujo Maria Eduarda Rosendo de , Véras Raul Felipe Oliveira , Véras Saul Felipe Oliveira , Teixeira Lucas , Nery Daniela Luiz , Battistuz Flávia , Lençone Gustavo , Busano Igor Mariano , Almeida Lilian da Silva , Hupp Maria Vitória Sabino , Alves Felipe Vitor Borges , Giovanni Ciarlini  , Pires Giovana Teixeira
Published: August 2024

A Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade (DMRI) é uma condição degenerativa que afeta a mácula, a área central da retina responsável pela visão detalhada e central, essencial para atividades como leitura, reconhecimento de rostos e visão de detalhes finos. Realizar uma revisão é de extrema importância para aprimorar o manejo e a compreensão dessa condição ocular complexa. A DMRI está em constante evolução com novas descobertas sobre sua fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e tratamento. Uma revisão abrangente oferece uma oportunidade para consolidar e atualizar as informações mais recentes, proporcionando aos profissionais de saúde uma visão clara e atualizada das melhores práticas e inovações terapêuticas. Foi  empregada  uma  abordagem  quantitativa  na  pesquisa, complementada pela inclusão de estudos qualitativos relevantes para uma compreensão abrangente   do   tema. A revisão dos estudos demonstra que a DMRI seca apresenta uma evolução gradual e é caracterizada pelo acúmulo de drusas sob a retina, resultando em perda progressiva da visão central. Em contraste, a DMRI úmida é mais agressiva e está associada à formação de vasos sanguíneos anômalos na coroide, causando perda rápida e severa da visão central devido ao vazamento de fluido e sangue. Estudos mostram que a prevalência e a gravidade da doença podem variar de acordo com fatores genéticos, ambientais e de estilo de vida. Entre os fatores de risco identificados estão o tabagismo, a hipertensão e uma dieta pobre em antioxidantes. A realização de pesquisas contínuas e o desenvolvimento de novas terapias são essenciais para enfrentar os desafios impostos pela DMRI e melhorar os resultados para os pacientes.
Políticas de saúde mental: Panorama nacional
Authors: Júlia Maria de Holanda Raulino  , Wilkerson Madson de Souza Alves  , Myrella de Jesus Cruz Gomes  , Celina Rodrigues Maia Santos  , Emile de Jesus Santos  , José Luan de Souza Andrade  , Manuela Luanny Ventura Rocha  , Alana Cavalcante Bezerra  , Cheila Porfírio da Costa  , Mateus de Souza Pereira
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as políticas públicas existentes relacionadas à saúde mental no Brasil, identificar os desafios enfrentados para a sua implementação e manutenção e avaliar os impactos que têm na promoção da saúde mental da população brasileira. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nos materiais indexados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e a Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) em cruzamento com o operador booleano AND, da seguinte forma: “Saúde Mental” AND “Serviços de Saúde Mental” AND “Políticas de Saúde Pública” AND “Brasil”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram selecionados 10 (dez) estudos para compor essa revisão. As políticas de saúde mental no Brasil destacam a importância de fortalecer as redes regionalizadas de saúde mental, abordando desde a infraestrutura até a articulação entre os serviços. Faz-se necessário superar barreiras no acesso à rede de atenção psicossocial, especialmente para populações vulneráveis. Portanto, é imprescindível políticas de saúde mental que priorizem a  dignidade, a autonomia e o bem-estar dos indivíduos, visando uma sociedade mais saudável e inclusiva.
A STUDY ON ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USE IN MOBILE BANKING
Authors: Selcuk Koyluoglu A. , Emrah Acar Omer
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the attitudes and intentions of individual users for the use of artificial intelligence in mobile banking. The data were obtained by survey method from university students using mobile banking applications. 397 forms were accepted as valid out of a total of 418 questionnaire forms, and these data were analyzed with the structural equation modeling. It is revealed that the perceived usefulness positively affects the perceived ease of use and the attitude and intention to use artificial intelligence in mobile banking. At the same time, it was determined that the perceived ease of use and perceived security affected the attitude positively but the intention negatively. The attitude of using artificial intelligence in mobile banking affects the intention positively. It will be beneficial for banks if customers trust the use of artificial intelligence in mobile applications and engage in activities that will facilitate the use of these technologies. In this study, the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived security factors on the intention to use artificial intelligence in mobile banking were investigated and it was aimed to fill the gap in the literature.
Diálogos entre feminilidade e maternidade: um estudo sob o olhar da mitologia e da psicanálise
Authors: Souza Emidio Thassia
Published: August 2024

Este livro tem como objeto de pesquisa os conceitos de feminilidade e maternidade, e o foco de interesse centra-se na discussão e na reflexão das figurações e configurações do feminino e da maternidade no mundo contemporâneo. Com o auxílio dos mitos e da história de Narciso, Édipo e Eros e Psiquê, a autora procura se aprofundar no entendimento de como se dá a relação da mulher com a maternidade e a da figura materna com seu filho. A presente obra apresenta-se no entrecruzamento de várias áreas com as quais a psicanálise faz fronteira, como os estudos de gênero, a psicologia e a sociologia das relações familiares. Além disso, recoloca a questão da psicanálise nos estudos dos mitos e das produções literárias e culturais em geral, fazendo, assim, a ligação psicanálise-cultura, o olhar da apropriação que o sujeito faz dos componentes culturais a sua disposição.
Uso de la estructura Claim-Evidence-Reasoning en la construcción de explicaciones científicas para la comprensión de fenómenos electrostáticos en estudiantes de octavo básico
Authors:   , Poblete Muñoz Paulina
Published: August 2024

La educación científica escolar debe ir más allá de la simple adquisición de conocimientos para que los estudiantes desarrollen competencias científicas. Es esencial que participen en prácticas científicas, como la construcción de explicaciones, para entender cómo los científicos establecen la credibilidad de sus afirmaciones. La literatura muestra que la construcción de explicaciones mejora la comprensión de temas específicos y cambia el modelo cognitivo de los estudiantes, fomentando un aprendizaje significativo y el pensamiento crítico y creativo.El principal impulso para este trabajo fue la necesidad de apoyar a los estudiantes en la construcción de explicaciones científicas, especialmente en fenómenos electrostáticos. Se identificó una oportunidad de mejora en la enseñanza de la organización de ideas, el respaldo de afirmaciones con evidencia y el uso de razonamientos claros y coherentes. Para abordar esto, se diseñó una secuencia didáctica basada en la estructura Claim-Evidence-Reasoning (CER).Los resultados mostraron que, aunque la estructura CER facilitó el progreso en la construcción de explicaciones, persistieron obstáculos en el uso efectivo de la evidencia. Se concluye que el uso del modelo CER impactó positivamente en el progreso de la construcción de explicaciones y que es crucial integrar estrategias didácticas que desarrollen tanto el contenido como la habilidad de explicar para mejorar la construcción de explicaciones científicas. Esto proporciona una visión más amplia del progreso del estudiante y facilita la toma de decisiones pedagógicas oportunas.
Factores asociados con la percepción de sintomatología depresiva en personas con demencia en Chile
Authors:   , Aros Rojas Rodrigo Francisco
Published: August 2024

Background: La depresión en personas con demencia es un problema de salud mental subdiagnosticado y que por ende no recibe la intervención adecuada. Existen una serie de factores que se han asociado a la presencia de sintomatología depresiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar qué factores tanto de la persona con demencia (PcD), como de la persona cuidadora familiar explican la sintomatología depresiva de la PcD (reportada por su cuidadora). Metodología: Se analizaron los datos de 301 díadas de PcD y sus cuidadoras familiares. Se encuestó a estas últimas acerca de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de la PcD (sintomatología depresiva, deterioro cognitivo, funcionalidad) y de ellas mismas (sobrecarga del cuidado). Resultados: Los análisis de regresión múltiple mostraron que la cantidad de enfermedades (β= 0,91), la calidad de vida (β= -0,49) y el deterioro cognitivo (β= 0,72) de la PcD y la sobrecarga de la cuidadora (β= 0,07) explicaron un 35% de la variabilidad de la sintomatología depresiva de la PcD (reportada por la cuidadora) (F= 36,53, p < 0,001). Conclusión: Los factores que explicaron la presencia de sintomatología depresiva son modificables a través de intervenciones orientadas tanto en la prevención, como enfocadas específicamente en la disminución de dichos síntomas, entre ellas la terapia psicológica. Estos resultados enfatizan además la importancia del abordaje integral y oportuno de las díadas de PcD y su cuidadora. Palabras clave: Personas con demencia; sintomatología depresiva; deterioro cognitivo; funcionalidad; sobrecarga.
An Examination of the Relationships between Pre-service Teachers’ Test Anxiety, Use of Social Networking Sites, and Cumulative Grade Point Average
Authors: Donkoh Sylvester , Mensah John , Maison Regina Sally
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine situations or conditions that promote test anxiety, identify the frequent uses of social networking sites, and examine the relationship between social media use, test anxiety, and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). A test anxiety and social networking questionnaire which consisted of 49 items was administered to randomly selected pre-service teachers in a college of education at the end of the second-semester examination. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 106 pre-service teachers. The data collected from the respondents was analyzed using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient, mean, and frequency. In this study, it was found that taking an unannounced examination, feeling one should have done better than he/she did after an examination, waiting to see the results of an examination published, discussing with the tutor the answer one believed to be right, however, that was marked wrong and reading through the examination questions and feeling that one does not know any of the answers promote test anxiety among the pre-service teachers. The pre-service teachers used social networking sites predominantly to read news, get information regarding current social events, conduct research, share new ideas, relieve academic stress, share pictures, and view funny videos. It was found that there is a significant positive moderate correlation between test anxiety and the use of social networking sites among pre-service teachers. It was also found that, statistically, there was no relationship between test anxiety and CGPA, and CGPA and use of social networking sites.
Resourceful Solidarity and Classroom Liability of Language Teachers in Public Secondary Schools
Authors: Almerol Joan P. , Baguio Josephine B.
Published: August 2024

This study examined the relationship between resourceful solidarity and classroom obligations among public secondary school language teachers in Manay District, Davao Oriental, Philippines. Utilizing a correlational research design, data were collected from all 131 language teachers in the district. Mean, Pearson r, and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results indicated high levels of resourceful solidarity and moderate levels of classroom obligations among teachers. A significant positive relationship was found between these two variables, with specific dimensions of resourceful solidarity influencing classroom obligations. Based on these findings, it is recommended that school administrators provide ongoing professional development to enhance teachers' collaborative capacity and implement supportive systems to strengthen their classroom practices.
Case Studies on Nurseries Raising of Turmeric Var ‘Lakadong’ in Jaintia Hills Meghalaya India
Authors: Challam Dawan Arkini , Challam Rijubanki
Published: August 2024

Meghalaya is home to a variety of spices, among which turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) is one of the most prominent. The Jaintia hills districts of Meghalaya are a native to one of the finest varieties of turmeric in the world namely ‘Lakadong’ which is considered one of the world's best varieties due to its curcumin content of around 6.8 to 7.5 per cent. Following single bud rhizome plugtray method developed by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, for rapid multiplication of seeds, Lakadong rhizome were raised in two types of agro-shade net nurseries in Kyrwen Village. Model 1 is a poly-cum-shade net house covered with translucent 200µ UVS plastic on top and 50% green shade net on the sides, while Model 2 is completely covered with 50% shade net. Studies indicate that while the poly-cum-shade net achieved a higher sprouting rate for Lakadong rhizomes, it led to poor seedling development and lower survival rates when transplanted to the field, especially for seedlings grown in plug trays. Conversely, transferring seedlings from poly-cum-shade net to shade net for a week significantly improved their field performance. Shade net nursery demonstrated better and healthier seedling development, with higher survival rates when transplanted. Additionally, Lakadong seedlings grown near the 50% shade net wall in poly-cum-shade net showed similar positive outcomes as those in shade net nurseries.
The Usefulness of Colchicine in the Prevention of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ebaid Hany Hassan , Hamouda Mohamed Ahmed , Bakr Abdallah Adel Saleh , El-Sayed Amr Abd El-Mordy
Published: August 2024

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) it is an important complication of diagnostic and interventional procedures in cardiology. This work aimed to to investigate the preventive role of colchicine on CI-AKI in patients undergoing elective PCI considering to its anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects.
Methods: This study was conducted on 400 patients who were admitted for elective PCI, and was carried out in CCU in Cardiology Department, Benha university hospital and National Heart Institute. The patients were equally divided into two equal groups: Group 1 (Case group): received colchicine plus standard anti ischemic treatment and croup 2 (Control group): received placebo plus standard anti ischemic treatment. All patients were subjected to standard 12-lead ECG, laboratory investigations encompassing kidney function tests 24 hours before the procedure and 48 hours after, random blood sugar, coagulation profile, liver function tests.  and serum electrolytes and transthoracic echocardiography. 
Results: There was a significant positive correlation between Serum creatinine and diabetes mellitus (r=0.245, P=0.001) and eGFR (r= 0.174, P<0.001). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, Colchicine use, diabetes mellitus, post CAG creatinine and post CAG eGFR,  were the only significant predictors of incidence of CI-AKI.
Conclusions: Colchicine, when administered in conjunction with standard anti-ischemic treatment in patients undergoing elective PCI, significantly reduces the incidence of CI-AKI. The reduction in CI-AKI incidence not only has implications for patient outcomes but also reveals an important strategy in optimizing renal protection during PCI.
A Study on Soil Particle Distribution and Nutrient Availability in Maize-productive Zones of Jagtial District, Telangana, India
Authors: P Jogender. , T Srijaya. , A Madhavi. , B Padmaja.
Published: August 2024

The current investigation involved a comprehensive field survey aimed at analysing the distribution of particle sizes and the availability of essential nutrients in maize soils cultivated during the rabi season (2022-2023) across three distinct productivity zones in Jagtial district, Telangana. These zones were categorized based on their maize yield: low (<2726 kg ha-1), medium (2726-2924 kg ha-1), and high (<2924-3122 kg ha-1). Prior to sowing the rabi maize crop, a total of 225 surface soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth) were meticulously gathered using a stratified random sampling method. This sampling approach ensured representation from each of the three productivity regions based on maize yield, amounting to 75 samples per region. These samples are now undergoing thorough analysis to assess soil texture and quantify the availability of key nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The sand, silt, and clay content in low, medium, and high productivity regions are 44.56%, 44.00%, and 42.84% for sand; 23.60%, 23.36%, and 21.97% for silt; and 31.84%, 32.64%, and 35.19% for clay, respectively. These figures show a slight decrease in sand and silt content and an increase in clay content as productivity increases. This trend suggests that high productivity soils have a denser texture with higher clay content, which can impact water retention and nutrient availability, important factors for plant growth and soil management practices. The respective available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) showed mean values of 172.36 kg/ha, 189.05 kg/ha, and 198.80 kg/ha for N; 27.18 kg/ha, 30.64 kg/ha, and 59.37 kg/ha for P; and 337 kg/ha, 350.47 kg/ha, and 363.85 kg/ha for K in low, medium, and high productivity regions, respectively. These values indicate an increase in available N, P, and K with increasing productivity, indicated by large standard deviation and coefficient of variation values across productivity regions, suggesting that higher productivity regions have more nutrient-rich soils, which can support more robust plant growth and contribute to higher agricultural yields.
Agro-ecological Alternatives for Fall Armyworm Management in Maize: A Review
Authors: Sowmiya R. , Krishnan R. , Karthikeyan R.
Published: August 2024

Maize, scientifically known as Zea mays, stands as one of humanity's most vital and versatile crop, with a rich history dating back thousands of years. Its journey from a wild grass to a staple food crop reflects its adaptability and resilience in various climates and soil conditions worldwide. But, the infestation of fall armyworm (FAW) in maize represents a significant agricultural challenge globally, including India. Its expansion to India was initially discovered in maize fields at the College of Agriculture in Shivamogga, Karnataka, in 2018. Fall Army Worm (FAW) is regarded a major maize pest due to its ravenous feeding habits and crop damage. Originating from the Americas, the fall armyworm has spread rapidly across continents, facilitated by its ability to migrate long distances and adapt to diverse environmental conditions. In maize fields, fall armyworm larvae feed voraciously on leaves, tassels, and kernels, causing substantial yield losses if left unchecked. Their feeding activity not only reduces crop yields but also increases vulnerability to secondary infections and reduces the overall quantity and quality of maize produced. Effective management of fall armyworm infestations in maize often requires a multi-pronged approach, integrating cultural, biological, and chemical control methods. Furthermore, the majority of Indian farmers are smallholders who are unable to afford chemical pesticides that are harmful to the environment. This review delves into the emerging landscape of agro-ecological alternatives aimed at mitigating the impact of this destructive pest.
Exploring the Adaptation Strategies to Meteorological Disasters Followed by Dairy Farmers of Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Vijay L. , Mohammad Asif , Chatterjee Anupam , Lepcha Chimi Yangzom , C.E. Girish
Published: August 2024

Breeding, feeding, health care and shelter management play a crucial role in maximizing the potential of dairy animals for milk production and protecting them from meteorological disasters. This study involved a sample of 180 dairy farmers, selected randomly from the Kakdwip, Namkhana and Sagar blocks in the Sundarbans region of India, to explore the management strategies they adopted. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents (74.45%) were rearing indigenous breeds. The majority (70.00%) of the farmers in the study area were in touch with local para vets for any immediate veterinary assistance. (71.67%) of dairy farmers utilized crop residues, tree leaves and grazing practices as alternatives used to cope with fodder shortages caused by the disaster and 20.56 percent of dairy farmers were feeding less concentrate and less green fodder as feed during the disaster conditions. Preventive measures, such as vaccination, were adopted by (61.11%) of the respondents to maintain the health of animals. Among animal sheds only, 6.11 percent of farmers built raised sheds from ground level to avoid injury or death. Therefore, the management of breeding, feeding, health care and shelter among dairy farmers in the Sundarbans region needs improvement. It can be possible by organizing awareness programs on breeding services, providing seeds of high-yielding varieties by dairy cooperatives for fodder cultivation, equipping veterinarians for timely health care and financial help for better shed construction.
Importance of Morphological and Nutritional Characters of Foxtail Millet (Setariaitalica (L.) P. Beauv)
Authors: Beulah D Grace , Lavanya G Roopa
Published: August 2024

Setariaitalica (L.) P. Beauv. is a modest plant which hasinternational focus of its nutritional values, which can reduce the world problem malnutrition. Focus, research and development of major crops are encouraged than regional crops like millets. Foxtail millet stands second largest cultivated species in millets.India is thelargest producer of millets in the world.It accounts for20% of global production & 80% of Asia’s production. One of oldest crop and been growing in East Asia since sixth millennium BC.As per thenutritional content is concerned, it has substantial amount of protein (12.3 g), carbohydrates (60–65 g), fiber (6 g), minerals (Phosphorous, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, sodium),Foxtail millet is very rich in high nutritious like high fiber, quality protein mineral composition & nutri-ceuticals andowns a very important medicinal values, Reducing Blood pressure & protects against heart diseases, prevents diabetes & breast cancer, Helps to optimize kidney, liver and immune system of health.
Participatory Plant Breeding: A Pathway to Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture
Authors: Noru Raja Sekhar Reddy , Thomas Beena , Maraskole Shubhangi Kshirsagar , S Vinutha Patil , Panotra Narinder , Rajesh Janapareddy , Karthickraja Aroulradj , Kumar Vivek
Published: August 2024

The world faces increasing concerns over climate change's impact on global food security. Fluctuating climate conditions cause farming uncertainty, leading to food scarcity and higher prices worldwide. New strategies are crucial for enhancing food production and agricultural resilience. Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB) tailors crop varieties to specific ecological contexts, fostering collaboration between breeders, farmers, and stakeholders. It emphasizes participatory varietal selection (PVS) and explores long-term stability and genetic diversity implications. PPB involves the farmers in the selection based on individual and community needs. PPB aims to develop cultivars better adapted to the diverse growing conditions and preferences of smallholder farmers, especially in marginal environments and aims to increase crop production, profitability, and adoption of context-specific varieties, benefiting targeted users and enhancing farmer skills. PPB advances crop genetics by integrating biotechnology, conventional breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and organic farming. Our review article recognizes the need for institutional and policy changes to realize PPB's potential and multidisciplinary activities within PPB drive its potential to revolutionize crop genetics, promote sustainable production, and reduce hunger.
Seed Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth as Influenced by Silica Nanoparticles Invigoration in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.)
Authors: Singh Parul , Prasad Birendra , Karnwal Mukesh Kumar , Verma Omvati , Chandra Subhash , Manikarnika Kumari , Renu Kumari
Published: August 2024

Soybean is a miracle crop, contains 40% protein and 20% oil. The quality of soybean seeds is very sensitive and prone to adverse environment from harvesting to poor storage conditions (at room temperature), that leads to poor longevity and viability. Therefore, to obtain proper germination of crop, seed treatment is imperative. The investigation was aimed to evaluate the effect of silica nanoparticles (seed vitalizer) on seed germination and seedling growth. Silica nanoparticles have 10-20 nm particle size characterized on the basis of 99.5% trace metal. In the present study, seeds of five cultivars viz; Bhatt, Kalitoor (landraces) and improved varieties- PS-26, PS-1225, PS-1347 were taken and treated with different concentration of silica nanoparticles viz; 800, 1000 and 1500 ppm. The study was conducted under controlled conditions using Complete Randomised Design design. Among different cultivars, land race Kalitoor showed the highest germination percentage followed by PS-26 whereas among different concentration, 1000 ppm of silica nanoparticles treated seed was most effective and achieved the maximum germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, fresh mass, dry mass, and also the seedling vigor index-I and seedling vigor index-II. Further increase in silica dose showed adverse impact on seedling parameters. The finding of present investigation revealed that landrace Kalitoor has better germination ability and nano-silica @1000 ppm was the most appropriate dose to achieve higher germination and seedling growth of soybean.
Review of the Nigerian Power Sector
Authors: Okoye Arinze
Published: August 2024

A constant power supply is a key indicator of a developed economy. Any nation with unreliable energy supply hampers its development and risks losing potential investors. Nigeria, a country with over 160 million people, has experienced frequent and persistent power outages over the past 33 years since the establishment of the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), the agency responsible for electricity generation, transmission, and distribution.
Currently, the federal government is implementing power sector reforms aimed at improving this unfavorable situation and reducing the monopoly control over the country's power industry. This paper examines the overall power sector and its reforms, evaluates the opportunities and challenges, and advocates for the introduction and effective management of National Integrated Power Projects (NIPPs) and Independent Power Producers (IPPs) as positive steps forward.
Enhancing Early Childhood Learning through Effective Communication in Beyond Centers and Circle Time Activities
Authors: Hilyati Samihah , Rusijono  , Mariono Andi , Arianto Fajar
Published: August 2024

Aims: This study aims to analyze the improvement of early childhood learning through effective communication in Beyond Centers and Circle Time activities on children's cognitive and language development.
Study Design:  The research used quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design.
Place and Duration of Study: The research sample was from children of Khodijah Kindergarten Wonorejo, Wonokromo and Pandegiling Surabaya. This research was conducted between February and March 2024.
Methodology: The study sample consisted of 60 children, 30 children in the experimental group and 30 children in the control group. The 10 children in each group were representative of the three kindergartens used in the study. Data collection used tests to test cognitive development and performance to test children's language development. Data analysis used homogeneity test, normality test, and t test.
Results: The results of the analysis obtained a value of 0.029 <0.050 which indicates a significant increase in effective communication in early childhood in Beyond Centers and Circle Time learning on cognitive development and the results of the analysis obtained a value of 0.003 <0.050 which indicates a significant increase in effective communication in early childhood in Beyond Centers and Circle Time learning on child language development. Structured communication during Beyond Centers and Circle Time activities has improved children's cognitive and language skills for the better. In particular, children were able to show better attention during learning activities, improve peer interactions, and engage themselves in learning activities, all due to the role of effective communication during these learning activities.
Conclusion: It was found that increasing effective communication in early childhood learning in Beyond Centers and Circle Time learning can affect early childhood cognitive and language development. Suggestions for future researchers, the hope is to continue research related to Beyond Centers and Circle Time learning, it could be that this learning could have other benefits in early childhood skills or knowledge. Or it can be applied in early childhood education institutions in other areas because the problems in each educational institution must be different. And it can also be a source of reference or new information for further research that explores this learning or related to effective communication in early childhood learning.
Transformative Gene Editing Methods: Precision in Genetically Modified Crops through Trait Modification
Authors: Doggalli Gangadhara , Kavya  , Singh Oinam Bobochand , H G Manojkumar , Srivastava Mitali , G B Chaya , Karadagi Abhishek V , P N Vinodh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Global climate change and adverse abiotic and biotic factors are significantly limiting agricultural productivity, presenting substantial challenges for crop scientists striving to meet the growing global food demand. The primary aim of plant biology research is to enhance food security by increasing crop yields, improving resistance to stresses, and boosting nutrient content. While traditional breeding has successfully produced high-yielding crop varieties, persistent challenges remain. Advanced biotechnological methods, including overexpression, RNA interference, and genome editing, offer promising solutions to these challenges. Innovations like next-generation sequencing, high-throughput genotyping, precision editing, and space technology have accelerated crop improvement programs. Site-specific nucleases such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas systems have revolutionized biological research by enabling precise genome modifications essential for agriculture. These technologies facilitate targeted genome modifications, allowing for the development of traits crucial for food security and expediting trait development in key crops. The integration of cutting-edge tools and technologies has significantly advanced these strategies, driving the enhancement of crop species. CRISPR/Cas genome-wide screens open new opportunities for discovering and expanding traits vital for food security. This discussion explores the development and application of various site-specific nuclease systems in plant genome engineering, highlighting their potential to precisely enhance traits, thereby increasing crop productivity and resilience against climate change. Cutting-edge genome-editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas systems, are poised to transform the agricultural landscape and play a pivotal role in ensuring future food security. These technologies offer a vision of a future where agriculture can adapt to changing environmental conditions and meet the growing global demand for food. Advances in genetic engineering, gene editing, and synthetic biology drive crop trait modifications, aiming to enhance productivity, improve nutritional quality, and provide resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. These innovations are essential for securing a sustainable agricultural future and ensuring the global population has access to sufficient, nutritious food.
Gelatin's Effect on Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Properties and Its Use in Thermal Regeneration for Methylene Blue Photodegradation
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Poetry Sabrina Devinta
Published: August 2024

Two series of iron oxide nanoparticles with different textural and structural characteristics were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The iron oxide nanoparticles were made with synthetic (Pluronic P123 Amphiphilic Block Copolymer) and natural (gelatin) double templates and single P123 templates. The influences of the addition of the gelatin template on the microstructure, methylene blue degradation, and thermal photocatalyst regeneration were investigated. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) examination revealed the formation of iron-P123-gelatin (iron oxide made with P123 and gelatin templates) and iron-P123 (iron oxide made with only P123 template) with hematite and maghemite phases, where the crystallinity and crystallite size increased due to the presence of gelatin. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) studies indicated a peak at 500 cm−1, revealing the iron groups in both samples and increased intensity in the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups due to gelatin. Furthermore, the surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter of iron-P123-gelatin exhibited an increment due to gelatin addition. According to the Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA) data, the sample with gelatin had higher thermal stability and weight loss than that without gelatin. The photodegradation of methylene blue utilizing iron-P123-gelatin reached 91.5%, showing a better performance than that of iron-P123. Finally, iron-P123-gelatin demonstrated a promising photocatalyst thermal regeneration for methylene blue photodegradation for 5 cycles at various temperatures, and it is suggested that 450 °C was the ideal temperature. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Surface slip and off‐fault deformation patterns in the 2013 MW 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake: Implications for controls on the distribution of near‐surface coseismic slip
Authors: Zinke Robert , Hollingsworth James , Dolan James F.
Published: December 2014

Comparison of 398 fault offsets measured by visual analysis of WorldView high‐resolution satellite imagery with deformation maps produced by COSI‐Corr subpixel image correlation of Landsat‐8 and SPOT5 imagery reveals significant complexity and distributed deformation along the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake. Average slip along the main trace of the fault was 4.2 m, with local maximum offsets up to 11.4 m. Comparison of slip measured from offset geomorphic features, which record localized slip along the main strand of the fault, to the total displacement across the entire width of the surface deformation zone from COSI‐Corr reveals ∼45% off‐fault deformation. While previous studies have shown that the structural maturity of the fault exerts a primary control on the total percentage of off‐fault surface deformation, large along‐strike variations in the percentage of strain localization observed in the 2013 rupture imply the influence of important secondary controls. One such possible secondary control is the type of near‐surface material through which the rupture propagated. We therefore compared the percentage off‐fault deformation to the type of material (bedrock, old alluvium, and young alluvium) at the surface and the distance of the fault to the nearest bedrock outcrop (a proxy for sediment thickness along this hybrid strike slip/reverse slip fault). We find significantly more off‐fault deformation in younger and/or thicker sediments. Accounting for and predicting such off‐fault deformation patterns has important implications for the interpretation of geologic slip rates, especially for their use in probabilistic seismic hazard assessments, the behavior of near‐surface materials during coseismic deformation, and the future development of microzonation protocols for the built environment.
Efficacy of delayed‐release dimethyl fumarate in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis: integrated analysis of the phase 3 trials
Authors: Viglietta Vissia , Miller David , Bar‐Or Amit , Phillips J. Theodore , Arnold Douglas L. , Selmaj Krzysztof , Kita Mariko , Hutchinson Michael , Yang Minhua , Zhang Ray , Dawson Katherine T. , Sheikh Sarah I. , Fox Robert J. , Gold Ralf
Published: December 2014

Objective

Obtain a more precise estimate of the efficacy of delayed‐release dimethyl fumarate (DMF; also known as gastro‐resistantDMF) in relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) and examine the consistency ofDMF's effects across patient subgroups stratified by baseline demographic and disease characteristics.

Methods

A prespecified integrated analysis of the randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, Phase 3DEFINEandCONFIRMtrials was conducted.

Results

The intent‐to‐treat population comprised 2301 patients randomized to receive placebo (n = 771) orDMF240 mg twice daily (BID;n = 769) or three times daily (TID;n = 761). At 2 years,DMF BIDandTIDreduced the annualized relapse rate by 49% and 49% (bothP < 0.0001), risk of relapse by 43% and 47% (bothP < 0.0001), risk of 12‐week confirmed disability progression by 32% (P = 0.0034) and 30% (P = 0.0059), and risk of 24‐week confirmed disability progression by 29% (P = 0.0278) and 32% (P = 0.0177), respectively, compared with placebo. In a subset of patients (MRIcohort),DMF BIDandTIDreduced the mean number of new/enlarging T2‐hyperintense lesions by 78% and 73%, gadolinium‐enhancing lesion activity by 83% and 70%, and mean number of new nonenhancing T1‐hypointense lesions by 65% and 64% (allP < 0.0001 vs. placebo). Effects were generally consistent across patient subgroups.

Interpretation

The integrated analysis provides a more precise estimate ofDMF's efficacy.DMFdemonstrated a robust reduction in disease activity and a consistent therapeutic effect across patient subgroups.
A Candid Approach to Clay Modification via Dehydroxylation for Nanocomposites Application: Investigation of Degradation Kinetics, Reaction Model, and Flammability
Authors: Pandey Priyanka , Mohanty Smita , Nayak Sanjay K
Published: December 2014

A candid approach to thermal dehydroxylation was used for the modification of clay, to achieve improved thermal stability of a polymer nanocomposite. The modification of clay using alkyl ammonium salt has been found disadvantageous due to various aspects; hence the approach to dehydroxylation was an innovative step to overcome the difficulties in achieving a thermally stable polymer clay nanocomposite. Therefore, a detailed study of thermal stability of polymer clay nanocomposites has been carried out using isoconversional TGA methods of Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Kissinger. Also, the reaction model involved in the decomposition process of polypropylene (PP) and its nanocomposites have been investigated. From the thermal kinetic analysis, it was clear that the thermal dehydroxylation method can be used as an effective approach for clay modification and the use of organic alkyl ammonium salt can be avoided. Furthermore, to predict the flame‐retardant effectiveness of the thermally dehydroxylated clay, the cone calorimeter analysis was carried out. A comparison of the flame‐retardant effectiveness of the organophillic clay and thermally dehydroxylated clay was presented.
Artificial weathering effect on the structure and properties of polypropylene/polyamide‐6 blends compatibilized with PP‐g‐MA
Authors: Mouffok Samir , Kaci Mustapha
Published: December 2014

The degradation of uncompatibilized and compatibilized PP/PA‐6 (70/30 wt %) with PP‐g‐MA under accelerated UV light was investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, melt flow index (MFI) tester, tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis of the structure of the compatibilized and uncompatibilized blends after exposure to UV light showed the formation of photoproducts corresponding to both components. The MFI and mechanical results obtained revealed that photooxidation started primarily in PA‐6 rather than PP. In addition, the uncompatibilized blends exhibited a higher degradation rate compared to neat polymers for long exposure time, and the addition of PP‐g‐MA increased slightly their ageing rate in accordance with TGA data. Further, DSC analysis showed an increase in the crystallinity index and a decrease in the melting temperature of PP and PA‐6 after UV exposure either as neat polymers or as blend components. SEM micrographs of the cryo‐fractured surfaces of the samples illustrated the formation of cracks and fractures after UV irradiation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41722.
Synthesis of clay–TiO2 nanocomposite thin films with barrier and photocatalytic properties for food packaging application
Authors: Bodaghi Hojatollah , Mostofi Younes , Oromiehie Abdulrasoul , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Hagh Ziba Ghasimi
Published: December 2014

In this study, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposite films with two types of nanoparticles, TiO2 (3 wt %) and Closite 20A (3 and 5 wt %), were prepared using a melt blow extrusion as an industrial method and their properties such as mechanical properties, water vapor, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas barrier, and antimicrobial activity were tested. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were also performed to determine the degree of dispersion and exfoliation of nanoparticles. Mechanical test indicated that the reinforcement in the presence of the nanocomposites was more than that with their conventional counterparts, and the highest stiffness was achieved in a sample containing 5 wt % clay and 3 wt % TiO2. Exfoliation of silicate layers and a good dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in LDPE were achieved as confirmed by XRD and TEM. The gas barrier properties were improved after formation of the nanocomposites especially by insertion of 5 wt % of clay nanoparticles as a filler in the LDPE matrix. The photocatalytic effect of the nanocomposite film was carried out by antimicrobial evaluation against Pseudomonas spp. and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and by ethylene removal test using 8 W ultraviolet (UV) lamps with a constant relative intensity of 1 mW cm−2. The greatest effects were recorded by combining UVA illumination and active film. It was also proven that the photocatalyst thin film with improved barrier properties prepared by extrusion could be used in horticultural product packaging applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41764.