bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una herramienta didáctica para la aplicabilidad del componente pragmático en E/LE
Authors: González Melón Eva
Published: December 2021

Enseñar español implica algo más que cubrir contenidos léxico-gramaticales e introducir a los alumnos en la herencia cultural o histórica del país que lo acoge. Olvidar que una lengua se inscribe en unas coordenadas pragmático-sociales tiende a convertirse con frecuencia en una asignatura pendiente en la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera, dada la subjetivad que entraña su tratamiento en el aula. La necesidad de concienciación de que nuestros estudiantes adquieran una competencia pragmático-intercultural[1]—además de una meramente lingüística— empieza a pesar sobre los hombros del profesor de E/LE por falta de herramientas didácticas específicas. Por todo ello, este artículo describe y presenta el funcionamiento del método RICA­ que pretende servir de apoyo para la comunidad docente y ofrecer un recurso para la enseñanza del componente pragmático.

 
[1]Según el MCERL (2002) “el alumno […] se convierte en plurilingüe y desarrolla una interculturalidad. Las competencias lingüística y cultural respecto a cada lengua se modifican mediante el conocimiento de la otra lengua y contribuyen a crear una conciencia, unas destrezas y unas capacidades interculturales” (MCERL, 2002, p. 47).
Propuesta didáctica de interacción oral para estudiantes de ELE de nivel A1 en un entorno de enseñanza a distancia digital
Authors: Navarro Brazales Paula
Published: December 2021

La interacción oral ha permanecido marginada en la enseñanza de lenguas a distancia, tanto en el aula como fuera de ella con tareas que consisten en ejercicios escritos. Presentamos una propuesta didáctica basada en la combinación del enfoque por tareas y del enfoque léxico para estudiantes de ELE de nivel A1, en un entorno de enseñanza a distancia digital, centrada en la interacción oral. Unimos sincronía y asincronía para proponer que es posible la práctica de esta destreza en cursos de ELE a distancia, tanto en tiempo real como con la asignación de tareas orales, como defiende Méndez García (2010), mediante cuatro herramientas tecnológicas: Zoom, Flipgrid, Voxopop y WhatsApp. El resultado es una secuencia didáctica en la que se trabajan unidades léxicas de los deportes y de la vida saludable a partir de cinco tipos de actividades, con las que desarrollar la competencia comunicativa, léxica y digital de los alumnos.
La propiocepción como estrategia didáctica en la enseñanza de la pronunciación
Authors: Moreno Campos Verónica
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza y la mejora de la pronunciación de estudiantes de español. La propuesta se enmarca en el paradigma comunicativo y en los principios de la didáctica en enseñanza de las lenguas. La propuesta desarrolla un método de enseñanza de la pronunciación basado en el modelo de doble ruta psicolingüístico y para la intervención se apoya en el paradigma propioceptivo, entendido desde una perspectiva holística donde la percepción y la producción se engloban dentro del acto comunicativo. La propuesta comienza con una evaluación de las dificultades en pronunciación que guíe la elaboración del plan de enseñanza personalizado según las dificultades del estudiante y finaliza con una re-evaluación para determinar si los objetivos se han conseguido.
La presencia social a través del feedback en entornos online de aprendizaje de idiomas
Authors: López Tapia Francisco , Torres Ríos Lola , Ruiz Torres Vanessa
Published: December 2021

En el presente artículo se ofrece un recorrido teórico por los principios, estrategias e indicaciones claves a la hora de ofrecer un feedback efectivo en entornos en línea de aprendizaje de idiomas, de forma que maximicemos la presencia cognitiva, social y reflexiva de los aprendientes y los profesores. Proponemos llevar estas ideas al terreno del aula y de la práctica del aprendizaje mediante una hoja de ruta, abierta y flexible, con una serie de recursos y estrategias concretas para ofrecer y recibir feedback en los contextos en línea, entornos colaborativos y personales. Se tendrán especialmente en cuenta los procesos de feedback relacionados con la evaluación entre pares, metacognición y autoevaluación.
Assessment of Risky Cornering on a Horizontal Road Curve by Improving Vehicle Suspension Performance
Authors: Žuraulis Vidas , Surblys Vytenis
Published: December 2021

Vehicle stability during cornering on horizontal road curves is a risky stage of travel because of additional factors acting. The main stability factor is centrifugal force, which depends on road curve sharpness and is very sensitive to driving speed usually controlled by the driver. However, the counterforce is produced at tire-road interaction, where different pavement types and states cause a wide variation of tire contact forces and vehicle stability. In the paper, the part of vehicle suspension performance while moving on a sharp horizontal road curve with different levels of pavement roughness was simulated by 14 degrees of freedom vehicle model. The model was built in MATLAB/Simulink software with available pavement roughness selection according to ISO 8608. The influence of variable suspension damping available in modern vehicles on risky cornering is analysed when a vehicle reaches the edge of the pavement with its specific roughness. Critical parameters of vehicle stability depending on road curvature, pavement roughness and driving speed are selected to assess the solutions for safe cornering.
Development of New Radar and Pyroelectric Sensors for Road Safety Increase in Cloud-Based Multi-Agent Control Application
Authors: Adrian Leslie Robert , Avotins Ansis , Repole Donato , Tetervenoks Olegs
Published: December 2021

The paper concentrates on the design, architecture, and monitoring of smart LED street lighting control, with focus on traffic safety and safe road infrastructure. The use of a CMAS (Cloud-Based Multi-Agent System) as a possible framework is investigated. The work is based on previous developments by the authors in the production and design of close and long-range hybrid Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) motion detection sensors. It also introduces the advances in radar-type sensors used in smart SLC (street lighting control) application systems. The proposed sensor solutions can detect the road user (vehicle or pedestrian) and determine its movement direction and approximate speed that can be used for dynamic lighting control algorithms, traffic intensity prediction, and increased safety for both driver and pedestrian traffic. Furthermore, the street lighting system infrastructure can monitor city environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, CO2 levels, thus increasing levels of safety and security for smart cities. Utilising other hybrid systems within intelligent street lighting applications represents a new specialisation area in both energy-saving, safety awareness, and intelligent management.
Influence of Modulus of Base Layer on The Strain Distribution for Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Yao Kang , Jiang Xin , Jiang Jin , Yang Zhonghao , Qiu Yanjun
Published: December 2021

In order to investigate the influence of modulus of the base layer on the strain distribution for asphalt pavement, the modulus ratio of the base layer and the AC layer (Rm) is introduced as a controlled variable when keeping modulus of the AC layer as a constant in this paper. Then, a three-layered pavement structure is selected as an analytical model, which consists of an AC layer with the constant modulus and a base layer with the variable modulus covering the subgrade. A three dimensional (3D) finite element model was established to estimate the strains along the horizontal and vertical direction in the AC layer under different Rm. The results show that Rm will change the distribution of the horizontal strains along the depth in the AC layer; the increase of Rm could reduce the maximum tensile strain in the AC layer, but its effect is limited; the maximum tensile strain in the AC layer does not necessarily occur at the bottom, but gradually rises to the middle with the increase of Rm. Rm could significantly decline the bottom strain in the AC layer, and there is a certain difference between the bottom and the maximum strain when Rm is greater than or equal to one, which will enlarge with increasing Rm. Rm could change the depth of the neutral axis in the AC layer, and the second neutral axis will appear at the bottom of the AC layer under a sufficiently large Rm. The average vertical compressive strain in the AC layer will significantly enlarge with the increase of Rm.
Feasibility-Based Design Model For Road Vertical Alignment
Authors: Yang Hongzhi , Guo Xuliang , Wang Zhenfeng , Hu Shanshan
Published: December 2021

Road vertical alignment design is a multi-objective design problem that needs to consider multiple constraints. Intelligent design based on optimization algorithms cannot wholly solve problems, such as multi-objective, uncertainty, and constraint dynamics. The article proposes a model of dynamically transforming design constraints into feasible regions as the design develops, to provide decision information before design actions rather than performing constraint evaluation after the design that reduces the empirical estimation. The design actions are divided into new design actions and modifying design actions, and corresponding feasible regions derived from constraints of design specifications and control elevations are established, respectively. Geometrical equations and program algorithms of feasible regions are described in the graphic environment, which is applied to the vertical alignment design to improve the design efficiency and decision-making level.
REDUCING CLIMATE CHANGE BY INSTALLING A NEW PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT IN BULGARIA
Authors: Tsankov Plamen
Published: December 2021

Three new roof-mounted 10 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants have been constructed in the Technology Park at the Technical University of Gabrovo, Bulgaria, as part of a project "Competence Center – Intelligent Mechatronic, Eco, and Energy Saving Systems and Technologies". Three different PV modules types have been used: monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). New three power plants, together with the existing amorphous silicon and poly-crystalline silicon photovoltaic power plants at the TU-Gabrovo enhanced simultaneous testing of five different photovoltaic materials. A small 500 Wp mono-Si photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors (PVT) PV system has also been constructed. The power plants feature a monitoring system for the meteorological and electrical operating parameters, which measures, displays, and stores data on solar radiation, temperature, wind speed, currents, voltages, and electrical power of each power plant. PV plants components' technical characteristics are given in the paper. The schemes describing the basic wiring diagram, disposition of the three PV subsystems on the roof of the building at the technology center have also been presented. The initial comparative software data for monitoring of meteorological and electrical operating characteristics of the three different types of PV subsystems are shown as well. According to the specific ecological equivalent of energy resources and energy for the region of Bulgaria, the data are presented on the saved CO2 emissions from the avoided production and transmission of electricity owing to the operation of photovoltaic power plants.
Industrial and technological cooperation in pharmaceutical sector within the framework of EAEU: development of the model of legal regulation
Authors: Shugurov Mark Vladimirovich
Published: December 2021

The subject of the study is the legal aspects of the development of industrial and technological cooperation of the EAEU member-states in pharmaceutical sector aimed at ensuring import substitution and going global through reinforcement of export potential. The goal of this article lies in elaboration of the conceptual model of legal regulation of industrial and technological cooperation of the EAEU member-states in pharmaceutical sector. The author explores the global challenges faced by the pharmaceutical sector of the EAEU countries, framework regulation of its technological modernization on the national level, questions of formation of the system of strategic and legal grounds of industrial and technological modernization of the sector within EAEU, as well as the mechanisms which legal regulation would contribute to building the technological and industrial capacity. The conclusion is made that the legal model of industrial and technological integration in pharmaceutical sector is represented by the structured system of legal grounds that reflects the structure of the legal structure of EAEU and is similar to the legal models of other vectors of industrial and technological integration. It implies the combination of international treaty framework and provisions contained the legislative acts of the EAEU. The novelty of this work lies in comprehensive analysis of legal issues of theoretical and applied nature that emerge in the process of this vector of integration. The author’s special contribution consists in modeling the legal space of sectoral integration and forecasting the trajectory of its further development.
Staged hybrid treatment for giant thrombosed fusiform aneurysm
Authors: Noh Yunho , Lee Sung Ho , Yoon Seok Mann , Song In Hag , Oh Jae Sang
Published: December 2021

Partially thrombosed intracranial aneurysm was difficult to treat because of higher recurrence rate compared to non-thrombosed saccular aneurysm. The author reports a case of partially thrombosed intracranial aneurysm causing transient ischemic symptom. A 40-year-old man presented with transient right hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depicted low-signal intensity target-like mass lesion on left sylvian fissure, and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed aneurysm on left middle cerebral artery bifurcation (MCBF), suggested thrombosed aneurysm. On operative finding, aneurysm wall had thick and atherosclerotic change, and it was fusiform aneurysm not saccular type. We initially planned direct clip for the aneurysm, but it was failed due to collapse of parent artery after clipping on aneurysm neck. To prevent ischemia, extracranial-intracranial bypass was performed and then thrombectomy with clip reconstruction. To remodeling the fusiform aneurysm, stent-assisted coiling was performed for remnant portion of aneurysm. With staged hybrid technique, giant thrombosed fusiform aneurysm was completely obliterated and the patient did not suffer any neurologic symptoms no longer.
Learning developmental mode dynamics from single-cell trajectories
Authors: Romeo Nicolas , Hastewell Alasdair , Mietke Alexander , Dunkel Jörn
Published: December 2021

Embryogenesis is a multiscale process during which developmental symmetry breaking transitions give rise to complex multicellular organisms. Recent advances in high-resolution live-cell microscopy provide unprecedented insights into the collective cell dynamics at various stages of embryonic development. This rapid experimental progress poses the theoretical challenge of translating high-dimensional imaging data into predictive low-dimensional models that capture the essential ordering principles governing developmental cell migration in complex geometries. Here, we combine mode decomposition ideas that have proved successful in condensed matter physics and turbulence theory with recent advances in sparse dynamical systems inference to realize a computational framework for learning quantitative continuum models from single-cell imaging data. Considering pan-embryo cell migration during early gastrulation in zebrafish as a widely studied example, we show how cell trajectory data on a curved surface can be coarse-grained and compressed with suitable harmonic basis functions. The resulting low-dimensional representation of the collective cell dynamics enables a compact characterization of developmental symmetry breaking and the direct inference of an interpretable hydrodynamic model, which reveals similarities between pan-embryo cell migration and active Brownian particle dynamics on curved surfaces. Due to its generic conceptual foundation, we expect that mode-based model learning can help advance the quantitative biophysical understanding of a wide range of developmental structure formation processes.
Hepatic MIR20B promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by suppressing PPARA
Authors: Lee Yo Han , Jang Hyun-Jun , Kim Sounkou , Choi Sun Sil , Khim Keon Woo , Eom Hye-jin , Hyun Jimin , Shin Kyeong Jin , Chae Young Chan , Kim Hongtae , Park Jiyoung , Park Neung Hwa , Woo Chang-Yun , Hong Chung Hwan , Koh Eun Hee , Nam Dougu , Choi Jang Hyun
Published: December 2021

Background:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation and imbalances in lipid metabolism in the liver. Although nuclear receptors (NRs) play a crucial role in hepatic lipid metabolism, the underlying mechanisms of NR regulation in NAFLD remain largely unclear.

Methods:

Using network analysis and RNA-seq to determine the correlation between NRs and microRNA in human NAFLD patients, we revealed that MIR20B specifically targets PPARA. MIR20B mimic and anti-MIR20B were administered to human HepG2 and Huh-7 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes as well as high-fat diet (HFD)- or methionine-deficient diet (MCD)-fed mice to verify the specific function of MIR20B in NAFLD. We tested the inhibition of the therapeutic effect of a PPARα agonist, fenofibrate, by Mir20b and the synergic effect of combination of fenofibrate with anti-Mir20b in NAFLD mouse model.

Results:

We revealed that MIR20B specifically targets PPARA through miRNA regulatory network analysis of nuclear receptor genes in NAFLD. The expression of MIR20B was upregulated in free fatty acid (FA)-treated hepatocytes and the livers of both obesity-induced mice and NAFLD patients. Overexpression of MIR20B significantly increased hepatic lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, MIR20B significantly reduced FA oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis by targeting PPARA. In Mir20b-introduced mice, the effect of fenofibrate to ameliorate hepatic steatosis was significantly suppressed. Finally, inhibition of Mir20b significantly increased FA oxidation and uptake, resulting in improved insulin sensitivity and a decrease in NAFLD progression. Moreover, combination of fenofibrate and anti-Mir20b exhibited the synergic effect on improvement of NAFLD in MCD-fed mice.

Conclusions:

Taken together, our results demonstrate that the novel MIR20B targets PPARA, plays a significant role in hepatic lipid metabolism, and present an opportunity for the development of novel therapeutics for NAFLD.

Funding:

This research was funded by Korea Mouse Phenotyping Project (2016M3A9D5A01952411), the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (2020R1F1A1061267, 2018R1A5A1024340, NRF-2021R1I1A2041463, 2020R1I1A1A01074940, 2016M3C9A394589324), and the Future-leading Project Research Fund (1.210034.01) of UNIST.
Delilah, prospero, and D-Pax2 constitute a gene regulatory network essential for the development of functional proprioceptors
Authors: Avetisyan Adel , Glatt Yael , Cohen Maya , Timerman Yael , Aspis Nitay , Nachman Atalya , Halachmi Naomi , Preger-Ben Noon Ella , Salzberg Adi
Published: December 2021

Coordinated animal locomotion depends on the development of functional proprioceptors. While early cell-fate determination processes are well characterized, little is known about the terminal differentiation of cells within the proprioceptive lineage and the genetic networks that control them. In this work we describe a gene regulatory network consisting of three transcription factors–Prospero (Pros), D-Pax2, and Delilah (Dei)–that dictates two alternative differentiation programs within the proprioceptive lineage inDrosophila. We show that D-Pax2 and Pros control the differentiation of cap versus scolopale cells in the chordotonal organ lineage by, respectively, activating and repressing the transcription ofdei. Normally, D-Pax2 activates the expression ofdeiin the cap cell but is unable to do so in the scolopale cell where Pros is co-expressed. We further show that D-Pax2 and Pros exert their effects ondeitranscription via a 262 bp chordotonal-specific enhancer in which two D-Pax2- and three Pros-binding sites were identified experimentally. When this enhancer was removed from the fly genome, the cap- and ligament-specific expression ofdeiwas lost, resulting in loss of chordotonal organ functionality and defective larval locomotion. Thus, coordinated larval locomotion depends on the activity of adeienhancer that integrates both activating and repressive inputs for the generation of a functional proprioceptive organ.
Aarup 1960 and the poetics of materials
Authors: Gjernes Liv Mildrid
Published: December 2021

All design has its own conditional modes of expression; however, these are realised through the maker’s sense of the possibilities of materiality. This essay was inspired by a reclaimed piece of 1960s furniture designed in the modernist idiom, and is based upon autobiographical experiences, original works from own and contemporary aesthetic practices, and associated thoughts in the present. A completely new artistic expression was developed, which questioned the strict, use-defined style ideals and let shape reveal other values and statements than function. The intention of this essay is to put into words some of the cognitive processes in which creativity, critical reflection and the senses’ experience-based insights may bring up something new. In creative work, the goal is not to reach a single result; every little discovery made by examining something specific could open up new worlds.
Framing the concept design literacy for a general public
Authors: Lutnæs Eva
Published: December 2021

Educating the general public to be design literate can be a catalyst for both environmental protection and degradation, human aid and human-made disasters depending on how the scope of design is framed – and how ‘design literacy’ is defined. This paper explores how to cultivate design literacy that supports critical innovation and a transition towards more sustainable societies. The research approach is a literature review of key texts that promote and conceptualize design literacy as part of general edu­cation. Four narratives are identified as vital: a) ‘Awareness through making’, b) ‘Empower for change and citizen participation’, c) ‘Address complexity of real-world problems’, and d) ‘Participate in design processes’. Moving towards more sustainable modes of consumption and production, a design literate general public provides a critical mass of users empowered to question how a new innovation sup­ports the well-being of people and the planet and to voice their own ideas.
Homenaje a Patricio Manns
Authors: Arriagada Mirka
Published: December 2021

Poema "Homenaje a Patricio Manns", de Mirka Arriagada Vladillo (Antofagasta 1964), poeta y psiquiatra. Algunos de sus textos aparecen en compilaciones, tales como: Antología de las Literaturas emergentes (Lom Ediciones, 1999). Los cuatro puntos cardinales son tres: el sur y el norte (Editorial Arte y Cultura, Cuba 2008). Aurora de audiovisuales y registros documentales como: “Continuidad de la memoria” y “Nudos y desnudos”. Ha publicado los libros de poesía Lamentaciones, Gemidos y Ayes (Editorial Las Dos Fridas, 1998), Autobiogeografía (Autoedición, libro-objeto 2002), Cuando el amor de echó a morir como un perro (Mago Editores, 2014). Pompei et autres poemes ( Ed Luchito Ocelote Francia 2020) Canciones de Alejandría (Buenos Aires Poetry 2021). Fundadora del Comando eXcultura
La competencia literaria: aprender a jugar/desmontar [(dé) jouer] la maestría
Authors: Citton Yves , Green Bryan David ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Katunaric Cecilia
Published: December 2021

Ante la problemática: ¿Qué aprendemos al estudiar la literatura?; este artículo responde: Aprendemos a jugar con la maestría y a desmontarla [la déjouer]. Comenzaremos por definir la actividad interpretativa con la ayuda del concepto de “transducción”, tal como lo entiende de Gilbert Simondon, para luego explorar algunos alcances de este concepto. Luego se esbozarán ocho proposiciones ejemplificadas con diversos pasajes tomados de Diderot, Potocki, Barthes, Deleuze y Rancière, a fin de comprender cómo la maestría literaria puede ser jugada [jouée] para desmontar [déjouer] la maestría con que se disfrazan los saberes dominantes.
Amazonas sin sombrero: el ego fálico (pos)colonial y la objetivación de la mujer en relatos de viajeros europeos en el Chile decimonónico
Authors:   Universidad de la Frontera (Temuco), Gallego Eduardo
Published: December 2021

El trabajo estudia la forma en que se (re)produce una mirada erótica que se define aquí como una continuidad del ego fálico colonial, pero ahora en la situación poscolonial, a través del análisis de un corpus de catorce relatos de viajeros europeos en el Chile decimonónico. Se arguye que esta mirada erótica es parte de la mirada imperial que se proyecta hacia la mujer, lo que permite dar cuenta de dos grandes dinámicas en tensión como resultado del análisis. En la primera tensión la mujer aparece como objeto de entretención y servicio, objetivada la vez por la emocionalidad y la racionalidad como rasgos arbitrariamente exigidos. En la segunda tensión, la mujer aparece como objeto de intercambio, articulada de manera compleja por las categorías de raza y clase.
Development of Minimal Pair Test in Tamil (MPT-T)
Authors: Vijayakumar Kavitha , Gunalan Saranyaa , Rajeshwaran Ranjith
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Speech perception testing provides an accurate measurement of the child’s ability to perceive and distinguish the various phonetic segments and patterns of the sounds. From among the many types of speech stimuli used, minimal pairs can also be used to assess the phoneme recognition skills. Thus, the study focused on developing Minimal Pair Test in Tamil (MPT-T). Aim: The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the MPT in Tamil on Normal Hearing (NH) children and paediatric cochlear implantees (CI). Materials and Methods: It was an experimental study which included school going children in the age range of six to eight years and the duration of the study was 12 months. The test was developed in two phases. The first phase focussed on the construction of the word list, recording of the word pairs and the preparation of the test. The second phase was administration of the test on NH children and paediatric cochlear implantees. The test scores were analysed using Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results showed a statistical significance between the NH group and the paediatric cochlear implantees. Results: The present study included 40 NH children and 15 paediatric cochlear implantees through purposive sampling method. The specific speech feature analysis of the paediatric cochlear implantees revealed that there was difficulty identifying the word pairs differing in Vowel Length (VL) and the best performed feature was Place of Articulation (POA). The results showed statistical significance between the NH group and the paediatric cochlear implantees. Conclusion: The developed test can be effectively used in clinic for assessing speech perception abilities of pediatric Cochlear Implantees and also in planning the rehabilitative goals.
Vaccines, Repurposed Drugs and Alternative Biomedicines for the Management and Prevention of COVID-19
Authors: Kandhavelu Jeyalakshmi , Veeriah Ramesh , Subramanian Kumar , Rajendran Priyatharsini , Yli-Harja Olli , Kandhavelu Meenakshisundaram , Murugesan Akshaya
Published: December 2021

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) popularly called as COVID-19, is a pandemic having affected >200 countries. Globally, quarantine measures have been implemented to slow down the spread of the virus. Yet, the available vaccines and drugs for treating COVID-19 are still in design and developmental stage, requiring clinical validation. This review is focused on the progress in the development of medicines against SARS-CoV-2. As an alternative approach, both conventional and traditional biomedicines are also reported to be in practice, to treat the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Considering the therapeutic values of the folk medicines, this review focuses on the usage of high value added products from plants, against COVID-19 in managing the symptoms like fever, cough, cold, sore throat, respiratory disorders and kidney dysfunctions enlisting a few used since time immemorial. It is ardently hoped that scientific intervention of such traditional plants can be integrated to harmonise with modern medicine, to ensure its dosage and safety in augmenting disease management.
Pranic Healing as a Complementary Therapy in Managing Fibromyalgia: A Case Report
Authors: Vinushree MKS
Published: December 2021

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome with main symptoms including pain and tenderness in various parts of the body along with sleep deprivation, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and emotional distress. Pranic Healing (PH) is a traditional no-touch healing technique based on balancing the body’s energy centres or chakras. Here, a case of a 37-year-old female is presented who was diagnosed with fibromyalgia, with pain, stiffness, and sleep disturbances as major symptoms. These symptoms were measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score. She received distant PH as a complementary therapy to manage chronic pain and exhaustion symptoms. PH was effective in significantly reducing the severity of fibromyalgia symptoms, including pain by 40% and stiffness by 60%, and improving the quality of sleep by 60% after eight sessions of PH. Thus, PH has the potential to be used as a complementary non pharmacological therapy besides conventional pharmacological approaches to manage fibromyalgia.
Лауреаты Нобелевской премии 2021 года. По химии — Беньямин Лист и Дэвид МакМиллан, "Природа"
Authors: Злотин С.Г.
Published: December 2021

В 2021 г. Нобелевская премия по химии присуждена профессорам Беньямину Листу из Института исследования угля Общества Макса Планка (Германия) и Дэвиду МакМиллану из Принстонского университета (США) за разработку асимметрического органокатализа — метода органического синтеза, основанного на применении в качестве катализаторов малых хиральных «безметальных» органических молекул (органокатализаторов). Преимуществом органокатализаторов перед металлокомплексными катализаторами и ферментами является их меньшая стоимость, простота в обращении и экологичность (зеленая химия). Метод открывает новые возможности для создания более эффективных и лишенных вредных побочных эффектов энантиомерно чистых лекарственных препаратов.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ПРЕСНОЙ ВОДЫ В ВЕРХНЕМ СЛОЕ АРКТИЧЕСКОГО БАССЕЙНА С 1950-Х ПО 2010-Е ГОДЫ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Алексеев Г.В. , Смирнов А.В. , Пнюшков А.В. , Вязилова А.Е. , Кулаков М.Ю. , Глок Н.И.
Published: December 2021

В начале 1990-х гг. в климатической системе Арктики произошел сдвиг в сторону потепления, которое сопровождалось изменениями температуры и солености водных масс Арктического бассейна под влиянием возросших притоков атлантической воды, поступления со стоком рек, осадками и от таяния льда. Мы оцениваем изменения в содержании и притоках пресной воды в верхний слой Арктического бассейна от десятилетия к десятилетию с 1950-е по 2010-е гг. и связь между изменениями в Арктическом бассейне и в тропической Северной Атлантике. Полученные результаты показывают, что содержание пресной воды в верхнем слое Арктического бассейна в 1990—2000-е гг. понижалось в Евразийской и росло в Амеразийской его частях. В среднем во всём бассейне преобладал рост из-за большего вклада Амеразийской части, занимающей 61% площади бассейна. Наибольшее содержание пресной воды во всём бассейне получено в 1960-е гг., предшествующие отрицательной солёностной аномалии в Северной Атлантике в 1960—1970-х гг. Сокращение содержания пресной воды в Евразийском бассейне произошло в результате увеличенного с 1990-х гг. притока атлантической воды и осолонения верхнего 100-метрового слоя вопреки росту осадков и речного стока в Арктический бассейн. Накопление пресной воды происходит в круговороте Бофорта и во всей Амеразийской части бассейна. В круговороте Бофорта содержание пресной воды в слое 0—100 м увеличилось в 2000—2010-х гг. на 36% по сравнению с 1970-ми гг. Более всего (на 46%) содержание пресной воды увеличилось в этот период в верхнем 50 м слое.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ АПВЕЛЛИНГОВ В ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ БАЛТИКЕ В 2010-2019 ГГ., "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Капустина М.В. , Зимин А.В.
Published: December 2021

В работе представлены результаты верификации и применения предложенного автоматического алгоритма определения апвеллинга по данным реанализа CMEMS Baltic Sea Physical Reanalysis product в юго-восточной части Балтийского моря за 2010—2019 гг. Верификация работы алгоритма выполнена по данным многомесячных наблюдений на морской ледостойкой стационарной платформе D6, судовым данным, полученным в 127-м рейсе НИС «Профессор Штокман» в 2014 г., и результатам выделения апвеллинга по температуре поверхности моря по данным спектрорадиометра MODIS Terra/Aqua. Показано, что наименьшая повторяемость апвеллингов наблюдается в августе-сентябре (5-6 дней в год), наибольшая — в мае—июне и октябре (11-15 дней в год). В период 2010—2013 гг. в исследуемом районе наблюдалось в среднем до 10% отрицательных термических аномалий в теплый период года. С 2014 г. (за исключением 2017 г.) отмечено увеличение повторяемости апвеллингов — в среднем, около 20% дней составляли дни с апвеллингом. Показано, что зимние индексы колебания Восточная Атлантика — Западная Россия, восточноатлантического колебания и весенний индекс скандинавского колебания могут быть использованы для оценок характеристик будущего летнего апвеллинга.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДИФРАКЦИИ ЗВУКА НА ВЗВОЛНОВАННОЙ ВОДНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ В СРЕДНЕМ ДИАПАЗОНЕ ЧАСТОТ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Разумов Д.Д. , Салин М.Б.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена исследованиям рассеяния звука на взволнованной водной поверхности в среднем диапазоне частот от 1 до 5 кГц. Выбранный диапазон частот представляет интерес в связи с существенной зависимостью возникающих при рассеянии звуковых волн эффектов от состояния волнения. Целью исследования является воспроизведение ряда особенностей, наблюдавшихся в экспериментах, например, размытие Брэгговского пика в случае развитых волн. Для получения реалистичной формы поверхности воды используется метод прямого численного моделирования двумерного потенциального течения со свободной поверхностью, известный как метод Захарова и Дьяченко. Проводится численное интегрирование преобразованного уравнения Эйлера, которое позволяет определить, как взволнованная поверхность воды будет эволюционировать, учитывая нелинейные эффекты. В работе используется оригинальная модификация метода граничных элементов (в 2D постановке), которая позволяет моделировать рассеяние звука на поверхности воды без наложения явных ограничений на форму поверхности (в приближении отсутствия дна). Проводятся расчеты поля давления рассеянной звуковой волны, вычисляется сила обратного рассеяния и доплеровский спектр сигнала в зависимости от углов падения и рассеяния при разных скоростях ветра. Результаты расчета сравниваются с предсказаниями классических моделей.
МЕТОДЫ РАЗРАБОТКИ ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММИРУЕМЫХ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНЫХ СХЕМ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТЕОРЕТИКО-МНОЖЕСТВЕННОГО ОПИСАНИЯ, "Электронная техника. Серия 3. Микроэлектроника"
Authors: Эннс В.И.
Published: December 2021

Работа посвящена методам разработки оптимальных гетерогенных ПЛИС с использованием теоретико-множественного подхода. Представлен метод оценки эффективности использования площади кристалла ПЛИС. Описаны основные этапы маршрута проектирования специализированных гетерогенных ПЛИС и методы оценки требуемых параметров архитектуры ПЛИС на основе анализа пользовательских схем. Также представлен новый этап данного маршрута проектирования программируемых схем – программное прототипирование, который может быть использован для более точной оценки архитектуры ПЛИС.
РАДИОНУКЛИДНАЯ ОЦЕНКА МИКРОЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ В ЛЕГКИХ У БОЛЬНЫХ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫМ ДЕСТРУКТИВНЫМ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ ПОСЛЕ ЭКСТРАПЛЕВРАЛЬНОЙ ПЛОМБИРОВКИ СИЛИКОНОВЫМ ИМПЛАНТОМ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Сигаев А.Т. , Красникова Е.В. , Багиров М.А. , Амансахедов Р.Б.
Published: December 2021

Для изучения изменений микроциркуляции легких при экстраплевральной пломбировке силиконовым имплантом по поводу деструктивного туберкулеза (ТБ) легких 12-ти больным накануне и спустя 1,5 месяца после операции выполнена пневмосцинтиграфия с внутривенным введением радиофармпрепарата (РФП) МАА Тс удельной активностью 350–500 МБк на одну процедуру. Установлена степень нарушения микроциркуляции (МЦ) в исследуемой зоне легкого и сопоставлена с аналогичными данными после экстраплевральной пломбировки силиконовым имплантом. Степень нарушения МЦ в легких изучалась с применением количественной оценки и вычислением процентной разницы от нормального показателя регионарного кровотока в зоне компрессии легкого под имплантом и в оставшихся зонах. Изучение регионарного кровотока легких с помощью радиоизотопного метода показало, что при экстраплевральной пломбировке у большинства оперированных пациентов наряду со снижением МЦ вследствие редукции капиллярного русла в зоне компрессии, в нижележащих отделах легкого на стороне операции, а также в верхних отделах противоположного легкого происходит улучшение МЦ.
Perceptions and attitudes of University of Johannesburg chiropractic students toward a blended learning approach and a shift to an e-learning approach necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Yelverton Christopher , Rademan Rolene , Peterson Cynthia
Published: December 2021

Objective

This study aimed to explore and compare the perceptions and attitudes of chiropractic students on a blended learning offering in 2019 and a subsequent shift to an e-learning approach in 2020 owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This was an exploratory descriptive study of 4th-year BHSc chiropractic students enrolled in the Clinical and Applied Biomechanics IV module in 2019 (n = 31) and 2020 (n = 33). The survey used close-ended Likert scale questions collected from 29 July to 14 August 2020. Data were analyzed using frequencies and descriptions, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability. Trends and interrelationships of and between student attitude, satisfaction, social influences, ease of use, accessibility, and effectivity were investigated for each year and compared between successive years' cohorts.

Results

Students were mostly female (76.6%), aged 20 to 24 years (84.4%). Although both cohorts showed similar positive attitudes, accessibility, and satisfaction levels, the e-learning group showed increased effectivity (p = .016) and ease of use (p = .038) compared with the blended learning cohort. Face-to-face time with the lecturer was shown to be more important to the blended learning cohort (p = .006). Strong correlations were demonstrated in both cohorts between accessibility and satisfaction with attitude, effectivity, and ease of use.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that students were more receptive to an e-learning approach than they may have been in the past. This may be as a direct consequence of the response to COVID-19, and the adapted offerings of the curriculum.
Use of Social Media by Farmers of Uttarakhand
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Sharma Neha , Pipaliya Gayatri , Kameswari V. L. V.
Published: December 2021

Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the Indian economy and can benefit tremendously from the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). ICTs can be especially important in bringing changes to socio-economic conditions of small and marginal farmers. A study was conducted in using Accidental sampling method with a sample size of 99 in Udham Singh Nagar District of Uttarakhand to find the characteristics of the farmers and to assess the use of ICTs by the farmers. The finding of the study revealed that majority of the  farmers belonged to middle age group, practiced farming as their main occupation and maximum number of farmers were educated upto graduation level. Majority of them owned smart phones and had internet connectivity on their mobile phone. Samsung mobile phones were used by maximum number of the farmers. It was also found that majority of the farmers used WhatsApp, Facebook, YouTube frequently and mainly for entertainment purpose. However, majority of them were not using email, agricultural websites/ portals, agricultural apps and  Twitter.
Constraints and Suggestions Encountered by the Beneficiaries under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in Tumkur District of Karnataka
Authors: Darshan Y. , Ramakrishnan K. , Pushpa J. , Prabakaran K.
Published: December 2021

The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna (PMFBY) is a crop-based insurance policy designed to help farmers who have suffered crop loss or damage and stabilizes farm income. In the year 2020-21, a study was conducted in the Tumkur district of Karnataka as district had highest number of insurance units (895) as compared to other districts of the Karnataka state. The findings of the study revealed that delay in getting the claim was the prime constraint faced by the beneficiaries with a highest percentage of 81.67 per cent and as ranked first followed by less compensation offered (80.00 per cent) and getting claims is a complicated procedure (76.67 per cent). With respect to suggestions given by the beneficiaries were before the start of the next season, the claim should be distributed with a percentage of 87.50 and ranked first, followed by organizing awareness programs for farmers regarding PMFBY (78.33 per cent) and representatives from financial institutions and policy makers should monitor and supervise the assessment (72.50 per cent). The study bought out a number of various constraints faced by the farmers related to Crop Insurance Schemes. As a result, concerned officers should approach the State Government and request that they make earnest efforts to pay the claim before the start of the following season as well as conduct more training and awareness programs.
Analysis of Recent Rice Price Dynamics in Bangladesh: Causes and Policy Options
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Chhiddikur , Rouf Sarkar Md. Abdur , Salam Md. Abdus , Alam Jahangir , Uddin Molla Md. Mosharraf , Rahman Md. Saidur , Islam Syful , Ahmed Khan Mohammad Reza , Rahman Md. Mahbubur
Published: December 2021

Rice availability and affordability are the key determinants of food security in Bangladesh. Therefore, it becomes the most important crop for the social and political economy of the country. Although a tremendous technological advancement contributed to the increasing trend of rice production, its affordability threatened due to the increasing price at the consumers’ level. The recent natural calamities and COVID-19 have worsened the food security status across the world. This research has estimated the demand and supply of rice in the pandemic era and figured out the drivers of recent price hike both in the producers’ and consumers’ levels using empirical and cognitive approaches. Based on the findings, some actionable policy options have been suggested to address the price level of rice in Bangladesh towards sustaining food security.
Assessment of the Effect of Cutting Length on Sprout and Growth of Pterocarpus santalinoides L’hérit. Ex Dc
Authors: Fredrick C. , Ekeke B. A. , Omokhua G. E. , Alex A.
Published: December 2021

Aims: This study evaluated the effect of cutting lengths on sprouts and seedling growth of P. santalinoides.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD).

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Nursery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between April 2019 and March 2020.

Methodology: Ten (10) cuttings per cutting length were planted in a polybag filled with forest topsoil. The treatments are; 13, 20, 25 and 33 cm cutting lengths. Five seedlings per treatment were randomly selected and dried for biomass. Emergence of sprouts, number of leaves and branches, survival rate, number of cuttings that sprouted, sprout length, root length and biomass were determined and subjected to analysis of variance.

Results: Sprouts emergence occurred earliest in 25 cm cuttings (7 days) and latest in 13 and 20 cm cuttings (12 days). There were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in leaf number at month 1, number of branches at months 1, 3, 5 and 9, cutting length at month 2 and root to shoot ratio and non-significant differences (P > 0.05) in leaf number at months 3,5,7,9 and 11, number of branches at months 7 and 11, number of sprouts, cutting length at month 12, root length, shoot biomass, root biomass and total fresh and dry weight. Twenty five (25) cm long cutting enhanced sprout parameters while 33 cm long cutting enhanced root parameters.

Conclusion: The result showed that 25 and 33 cm long cuttings are most suitable cutting lengths and are therefore recommended for growth of the species.
Tinospora Cordifolia: A Literature Review on Therapeutic uses and Pharmacological Actions
Authors: Yoggeta . , Bhatia Deepika , Rani Sheetal
Published: December 2021

Tinospora cordifolia is a medicinal ayurvedic herb having vast benefit to human health. It is come under the climbing shrub, which belongs to family Menispermaceae and is inherent to India and some extent to China also, and some parts of Australia and Africa. Other names used for Tinospora cordifolia are Guduchi or Amrita or Giloy. Not a single part but whole plant has its own pharmacological effect for human well-being. Tinospora cordifolia has chemical constituents like terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, lignans, flavonoids and glycosides. It has many pharmacological activities such as immunomodulation, anti-diabatic, antifungal, in hepatotoxicity (hepatic disorder), anti- cancer, anti-HIV potential, antitoxic effect, and in Parkinson disease. This review paper will discuss about the various properties/activities of the plant.
Impact of Balance Training and Co-ordination Exercises in Post-Operative Left Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Akhuj Aditi , Samal Snehal , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Dagal Ragini , Thimoty Rebecca
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Acoustic neuromas are most common tumors of CP angle, accounting more than 90% of all such tumors. Meningioma, primary cholesteratoma and facial nerve schwanoma are the different type of tumors. Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor situates in CP angle which has a fibrous growth and originates from the division of vestibulochochlear nerve.

Aim: Impact of Balance Training and Co-ordination Exercises in Post-Operative Left Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor

Case Presentation: A 40 year old male with right hand dominance was referred to physiotherapy department. On examination he presented mild impairment in balance and co-ordination, assisted walking.

Discussion: This case report is an important to the published literature on rehabilitation of a patient witha CPA tumor, as it presents the sequential management in the patients post CPA tumor.

Conclusion: Acoustic neuroma is most common CPA tumor. Management of CPA tumor is important to improve quality of life. As per the reference articles and the exercises planned can progressively improve balance and co-ordination of patients.