bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dual phosphorylation switch controls 14-3-3-dependent cell surface expression of TASK-1
Authors: Kilisch Markus , Lytovchenko Olga , Arakel Eric C. , Bertinetti Daniela , Schwappach Blanche
Published: January 2016

The transport of the potassium channels TASK-1 and TASK-3 to the cell surface is controlled by the binding of 14-3-3 proteins to a trafficking control region at the extreme C-terminus of the channels. The current model proposes that phosphorylation-dependent binding of 14-3-3 sterically masks a COPI binding motif. However, the direct effects of phosphorylation on COPI binding and on the binding parameters of 14-3-3 are still unknown. We found that phosphorylation of the trafficking control region prevents COPI binding even in the absence of 14-3-3, and we present a quantitative analysis of the binding of all human 14-3-3 isoforms to the trafficking control regions of TASK-1 and TASK-3. Surprisingly, the affinities of 14‑3‑3 proteins for TASK-1 were two orders of magnitude lower than for TASK-3. Furthermore, we found that phosphorylation of a second serine in the C-terminus of TASK-1 inhibited 14-3-3 binding. Thus, phosphorylation of the trafficking control region can stimulate or inhibit transport of TASK-1 to the cell surface depending on the target serine. Our findings suggest highly dynamic control of TASK-1 trafficking by COPI, kinases, phosphatases, and 14-3-3.
Thermoelastic and creep analysis of a functionally graded rotating cylindrical vessel with internal heat generation
Authors: Ahmed Jasem A. , Wahab M. A.
Published: January 2016

In this paper we propose exact thermoelastic stress, and iterative creep solutions for a non-uniformly heat generating and rotating cylindrical vessel made of functionally graded thermal and mechanical properties. Equations of equilibrium, compatibility, stress-strain, and strain-displacement relations are solved to obtain closed-form initial stress and strain solutions. It is found that material gradient indices have significant influences on thermoelastic stress profiles. For creep analysis, Norton’s model is incorporated into rate forms of the above-mentioned equations to obtain time-dependent stress and strain results using an iterative method. Validity of our solutions are at first verified using finite element analysis, and numerical results found in the recent literature are improved. Investigation of effects of material gradients reveals that radial variation of density and creep coefficient have significant effects on strains histories, while Young’s modulus and thermal property distributions only influence stress redistribution at an early stage of creep deformation.
Effect of operational parameters on cow dung mediated microbial fuel cell
Authors: Sethia Kiran , Kaushik Alka , Jadhav S. K. , Quraishi Afaque
Published: January 2016

A new approach in the field of renewable energy is- the microbial fuel cells (MFCs). It is a technique to produce bioelectricity from available organic waste. It is helpful to fulfill the lighting requirements of rural areas. The aim of our research work is to construct twocompartment system and to study various parameters like performance of the different combination of electrodes, optimization of pH and temperature. In this study, using bacteria as biocatalyst, the naturally found cow dung was used to generate an open circuit voltage of 0.84 ± 0.010 V and a current of 3.51 ± 0.620 mA. Optimization of various parameters shows that among different temperature range, 37°C temperature gives the highest voltage production of 0.84 ± 0.091 V and current of 3.08 ± 0.512 mA. In case of pH there are not any significant changes were found when pH range is changed. Although, pH 4.0 is found to be more efficient as it produces voltage of 0.90 ± 0.045 V and current of 4.85 ± 0.587 mA. Furthermore, three electrogenic bacterial strains were isolated and studied for their electrogenic properties individually and among them CDB-3 was found best in their performance.
Review on challenges of direct liquid fuel cells for portable application
Authors: Velisala Venkateswarlu , Srinivasulu G. Naga , Reddy B. Srinivasa , Rao K. Venkata Koteswara
Published: January 2016

Fuel cells technologies are the most promising green energy technologies for diverse applications. One of the fastest growing areas is the portable electronic applications where the power range is the order of 1–100 W. For most of the portable electronic devices, rechargeable battery is the major energy source. Due to limitations like limited capacity, requirement of external power for recharge have led many researchers to look for alternative power sources to power portable electronic devices. The high energy density of fuel cells makes them very attractive alternative to batteries for portable power applications. There are a variety of fuel cell technologies being considered to replace batteries in portable electronic equipment. Direct Liquid Fuel Cells (DLFCs) have attracted much attention due to their potential applications as a power source for portable electronic devices. The advantages of DLFCs over hydrogen fed PEM fuel cells include a higher theoretical energy density and efficiency, a more convenient handling of the streams, and enhanced safety. Unlike batteries, fuel cells need not be recharged, merely refueled. This paper provides an overview on challenges of DLFCs (Direct Liquid Fuel Cells), like fuel crossover, cost, durability, water management, weight and size along with approaches being investigated to solve these challenges. Portable Fuel Cell Commercialization Targets for future and producers of portable fuel cells across the globe are also discussed in this paper.
Passively Stable Flapping Flight from Hover to Fast Forward through Shift in Wing Position
Authors: Koopmans J.A. , Tijmons S. , De Wagter C. , de Croon G.
Published: January 2016

Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles (FWMAVs) hold the potential to both cover large distances and perform precision flights when arrived at destination. However, flying at different speeds leads to a complex control problem for attitude stabilization. Inspired by nature, we present a morphing mechanism that allows tailed FW- MAVs to have a passively stabilized attitude both in fast forward flight and in slow hovering flight. The mechanism displaces the wings and hence aerodynamic center. It is implemented on the DelFly II and tested in-flight in a motion tracking arena. The experimental tests show that the morphing mechanism indeed allows to fly passively stable in multiple flight modes. Just changing the aerodynamic center allows the DelFly II to fly fast forward (∼ 6 m/s, pitch attitude of 10°), transition to slow forward flight (∼ 0.8 m/s, pitch attitude of 55°), and back. The proposed mechanism paves the way for FWMAVs performing long range missions such as search-and-rescue.
CFD-DEM and Experimental Study of Bubbling in a Fluidized Bed
Authors: Khawaja Hassan A.
Published: January 2016

In this study, phenomenon of bubbling is investigated using CFD-DEM and experiments. A CFD-DEM simulation is setup to model the fluidized beds of different sizes. Geldart D particles of 1.2 mm diameter and 1000 Kg/m3 density are modelled. Study revealed different types of fluidization regimes as stated in the literature. An experimental setup is built to obtain the results for the comparison. Comparison revealed that results obtained from both methodologies; CFD-DEM and experiments are in reasonable agreement.
Evaluating the Performance of the Mixture Model Coupled with High and Low Reynolds Turbulence Closures in the Numerical Description of Concentrated Solid-Liquid Flows of Settling Particles
Authors: Silva R. , Garcia Fernando A. P. , Faia Pedro M. , Rasteiro M. Graça
Published: January 2016

In this manuscript, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies applying the Mixture Model coupled with both a High Reynolds and a Low Reynolds k-ε turbulence closures, were used to describe experimental pressure gradients and particle concentration profiles from the literature, for concentrated solid-liquid flows of settling particles in a horizontal pipe above the critical deposition velocity. With this work a new Mixture Model formulation is presented, incorporating the Jones-Launder Low Reynolds k-ε turbulence closure, to overcome the excessive turbulence production observed in the numerical studies using the High Reynolds k-ε turbulence model. Additionally, this formulation provides a more accurate representation of the wall turbulence damping phenomena, observed in the experimental testing for the flow of higher particle concentrations suspensions and higher flow velocities. Knowledge on the conditions that cause turbulence attenuation on solid-liquid flows is still scarce in the literature and of considerable value for industrial applications.
Adrenomedullin 2 activates extracellular-signal-regulated kinase in endothelial cells via a protein kinase C α-independent pathway
Authors: Guo Xiaojia , Ju Rong , Cha Charles , Simons Michael
Published: January 2016

Adrenomedullin 2 plays diverse physiological roles such as regulating cardiovascular functions and blood pressure. It was reported that adrenomedullin 2 can activate protein kinase C in murine ventricular myocytes to augment cardiomyocyte contractile function. Using a protein kinase Cα knockout mouse model, we show here that adrenomedullin 2 activates extracellular-signal-regulated kinase in a protein kinase Cα-independent mechanism in endothelial cells.
Rituximab efficiently depletes B cells in lung tumors and normal lung tissue
Authors: Joly-Battaglini Albane , Hammarström Clara , Stankovic Branislava , Aamodt Henrik , Stjärne Johan , Brustugun Odd Terje , Helland Åslaug , Øynebråten Inger , Corthay Alexandre
Published: January 2016

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 B-cell-specific antigen and is widely used as therapy for B-cell lymphoma. Since rituximab depletes both malignant and normal B cells, it is increasingly being used to treat various conditions in which normal B cells have a pathogenic role, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. It is well-established that rituximab efficiently eliminates B cells in blood, lymph nodes, and spleen. In contrast, the effect of rituximab in non-lymphoid tissues remains poorly documented and is debated. Here, we report a rheumatoid arthritis patient who was treated with rituximab before receiving thoracic surgery for non-small cell lung cancer. Using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, we show that rituximab efficiently depleted CD20-positive B cells in a primary lung tumor, in lung-associated lymph nodes, and in normal lung tissue. We conclude that rituximab may be very efficient at depleting normal B cells in the lungs. This property of rituximab may potentially be exploited for the treatment of conditions in which pathogenic B cells reside in the lungs. On the other hand, the clearance of lung B cells may provide an explanation for the rare cases of severe non-infectious pulmonary toxicity of rituximab.
Young Sexual Minority Males in the United States: Sociodemographic Characteristics And Sexual Attraction, Identity and Behavior
Authors: Fasula Amy M. , Oraka Emeka , Jeffries William L. , Carry Monique , Bañez Ocfemia M. Cheryl , Balaji Alexandra B. , Rose Charles E. , Jayne Paula E. ,   for the Workgroup on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Published: January 2016

CONTEXT

HIV incidence is increasing among 13–24‐year‐old U.S. men who have sex with men, yet limited research is available to guide HIV prevention efforts for this population.

METHODS

National Survey of Family Growth data collected in 2002, in 2006–2010 and in 2011–2013 from 8,068 males aged 15–24 were analyzed to describe the population of U.S. young sexual minority males (i.e., males reporting same‐sex attraction, identity or behavior). Correlates of sexual minority classification were assessed in logistic regression models.

RESULTS

An estimated 10% of young males, representing a population of 2.1 million, were sexual minorities. Males had an elevated likelihood of being sexual minorities if they were aged 18–19 or 20–24, rather than 15–17 (prevalence ratio, 1.7 for each); belonged to nonblack, non‐Hispanic racial or ethnic minority groups (1.6); had no religious affiliation, rather than considering religion very important (1.9); or lived below the federal poverty level (1.3). They had a reduced likelihood of being sexual minorities if they lived in metropolitan areas outside of central cities (0.7). Among young sexual minority males, 44% were 15–19 years old, 29% were poor and 59% resided outside central cities. Forty‐seven percent had engaged in same‐sex behavior. Of those with data on all measured dimensions of sexuality, 24% reported same‐sex attraction, identity and behavior; 22% considered themselves heterosexual, yet had had a male sex partner.

CONCLUSION

Future investigations can further explore subpopulations of young sexual minority males and assess sexual trajectories, resilience and HIV risk.
Examining the ACT Model in the Case Study of Taro
Authors: Hayes Steven
Published: January 2016

ACT is a functional contextual form of behavioral and cognitive therapy. It shares commonalities with other contextualistic approaches such as constructivist or narrative therapies, but it differs in its scientific goals. Because of these differences, it is oriented toward manipulable processes linked to basic principles. In this commentary I describe these characteristics and link them to the target article (Muto & Mitamura, 2015). I discuss how a major value of case studies of this kind is the exploration in an intensive way of the links between a model and treatment decisions, processes of change, and outcomes. This recasts somewhat the use of case studies and time series designs in the empirical investigations of ACT, and provides special opportunities for the examination of cultural factors in the application of an evidence-based model. Finally, I note how ACT may help bring together some of the wings of clinical work in Japan.
The Role of Context in the Case of Taro
Authors: Kanazawa Yoshinobu
Published: January 2016

Muto and Mitamura (2015) are to be highly commended for publishing the case study of Taro. The article is notable for its emphasis on documenting what is behaviorally observable and reliably quantifiable. The authors’ commitment to scientific rigor is laudable. Japanese psychotherapists are strongly advised to use this article as a model of evidence-based treatment in their descriptions of psychotherapy sessions. On the other hand, the reviewer would have liked to see more discussions on contextual factors around Taro, his presenting problems, and his therapy, including therapeutic relationships, Taro’s emotions in therapy sessions and the therapist’s responses to them, possible conflicts in Taro’s family, as well as organizational issues around Taro and his symptoms in his workplace. Measurement tools are available to reliably quantify these variables. Incorporating these measures into the therapist’s work with Taro would help readers better understand the therapeutic process and illuminate the mechanisms of change in the case study.
太郎の事例における文脈の役割
Authors: 金沢吉展 Kanazawa
Published: January 2016

評者は,著者らがこの事例研究を発表したことに敬意を表したい。本論文は,行動的に観察可能であること,そして確実に定量化できることを報告することに力点をおいた点において注目に値する。科学的厳密さに対する著者らのコミットメントは称賛に値する。日本の心理臨床家は,本論文の心理面接セッションの記述を,エビデンスに基づく心理介入の一モデルとして参考にできるだろう。もう一方で,評者は,職場における問題と職場での彼の症状,家族内での葛藤などを含め,クライエントの太郎を取り巻く文脈的要素,彼の主訴,そして,治療関係,面接における彼の感情とそれに対するセラピストの反応,彼のセラピーについての検討があれば良かったと感じた。これらの変数を,信頼性をもって測定できる尺度がすでに開発されている。太郎とセラピストの作業の中にこれらの尺度が導入されると読者も治療的プロセスをよりよく理解し,この事例研究における変容メカニズムも浮き彫りになるはずである。
Cochlear Implant Stimulation of a Hearing Ear Generates Separate Electrophonic and Electroneural Responses
Authors: Sato Mika , Baumhoff Peter , Kral Andrej
Published: January 2016

Electroacoustic stimulation in subjects with residual hearing is becoming more widely used in clinical practice. However, little is known about the properties of electrically induced responses in the hearing cochlea. In the present study, normal-hearing guinea pig cochleae underwent cochlear implantation through a cochleostomy without significant loss of hearing. Using recordings of unit activity in the midbrain, we were able to investigate the excitation patterns throughout the tonotopic field determined by acoustic stimulation. With the cochlear implant and the midbrain multielectrode arrays left in place, the ears were pharmacologically deafened and electrical stimulation was repeated in the deafened condition. The results demonstrate that, in addition to direct neuronal (electroneuronal) stimulation, in the hearing cochlea excitation of the hair cells occurs (“electrophonic responses”) at the cochlear site corresponding to the dominant temporal frequency components of the electrical stimulus, provided these are < 12 kHz. The slope of the rate–level functions of the neurons in the deafened condition was steeper and the firing rate was higher than in the hearing condition at those sites that were activated in the two conditions. Finally, in a monopolar stimulation configuration, the differences between hearing status conditions were smaller than in the narrower (bipolar) configurations.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStimulation with cochlear implants and hearing aids is becoming more widely clinically used in subjects with residual hearing. The neurophysiological characteristics underlying electroacoustic stimulation and the mechanism of its benefit remain unclear. The present study directly demonstrates that cochlear implantation does not interfere with the normal mechanical and physiological function of the cochlea. For the first time, it double-dissociates the electrical responses of hair cells (electrophonic responses) from responses of the auditory nerve fibers (electroneural responses), with separate excited cochlear locations in the same animals. We describe the condition in which these two responses spatially overlap. Finally, the study implicates that using the clinical characteristics of stimulation makes electrophonic responses unlikely in implanted subjects.
Direct Evidence for Daily Plasticity of Electrical Coupling between Rod Photoreceptors in the Mammalian Retina
Authors: Jin Nan Ge , Ribelayga Christophe P.
Published: January 2016

Rod photoreceptors are electrically coupled through gap junctions. Coupling is a key determinant of their light response properties, but whether rod electrical coupling is dynamically regulated remains elusive and controversial. Here, we have obtained direct measurements of the conductance between adjacent rods in mouse retina and present evidence that rod electrical coupling strength is dependent on the time of day, the lighting conditions, and the mouse strain. Specifically, we show in CBA/Ca mice that under circadian conditions, the rod junctional conductance has a median value of 98 pS during the subjective day and of 493 pS during the subjective night. In C57BL/6 mice, the median junctional conductance between dark-adapted rods is ∼140 pS, regardless of the time in the circadian cycle. Adaptation to bright light decreases the rod junctional conductance to ∼0 pS, regardless of the time of day or the mouse strain. Together, these results establish the high degree of plasticity of rod electrical coupling over the course of the day. Estimates of the rod coupling strength will provide a foundation for further investigations of rod interactions and the role of rod coupling in the ability of the visual system to anticipate, assimilate, and respond to the daily changes in ambient light intensity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany cells in the CNS communicate via gap junctions, or electrical synapses, the regulation of which remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the strength of electrical coupling between rod photoreceptors of the retina is regulated by the time of day and the lighting conditions. This mechanism may help us understand some key aspects of day and night vision as well as some visual malfunctions.
Three Simple Experiments to Examine the Effect of Sediment Pollution on Algae-Based Food Webs in Streams
Authors: Edwards Patrick M. , Shroufe Rodney
Published: January 2016

Streams and stream macroinvertebrates are ideal natural systems for ecological inquiry. We present three simple experiments that students can use to conduct field-based investigations which illustrate the importance of algae-based food webs in streams and measure the effects of sediment pollution (scour and deposition) on stream ecological processes. Over the past 5 years, we have conducted these experiments 19 times with our students. We report on the results and reliability of these experiments and make suggestions for other educators who may want to conduct them.
Active Learning in the Undergraduate Classroom:
Authors: Anderson Kelsi L.
Published: January 2016

Students in the natural sciences should be prepared as undergraduates to read and apply concepts from the scientific literature. I describe a strategy that enforced the necessity to deliver high volumes of content while incorporating an active-learning technique. Students were assigned to read and discuss articles from the scientific literature that complemented content being delivered via traditional lecture. Students were encouraged to participate by coming to class prepared with written questions, and discussion was directed by instructor-prepared prompts. Students were assessed via low-stakes assignments based primarily on participation. This teaching method has proved effective, as verbally reported by past students who are currently enrolled in graduate programs. These students report feeling more prepared than their peers to discuss and learn from the scientific literature.
It's Not Just Black and White
Authors: Young Stephanie L.
Published: January 2016

In this autoethnography, I offer a pedagogy of racial visibility. Drawing on my embodied experiences both in and outside of the classroom, I explore how I engage in dialogue with my students about theoretical and critical approaches toward understanding rhetorics of race in the United States. Specifically, as an embodied storyteller, I reflect upon my personal stories as a biracial Korean American woman and investigate the instabilities of racial identities, the taken-for-granted racial understandings, and racism and white privilege in America.
Targeted redox inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 by Nox4 regulates eIF2α‐mediated stress signaling
Authors: Santos Celio XC , Hafstad Anne D , Beretta Matteo , Zhang Min , Molenaar Chris , Kopec Jola , Fotinou Dina , Murray Thomas V , Cobb Andrew M , Martin Daniel , Zeh Silva Maira , Anilkumar Narayana , Schröder Katrin , Shanahan Catherine M , Brewer Alison C , Brandes Ralf P , Blanc Eric , Parsons Maddy , Belousov Vsevelod , Cammack Richard , Hider Robert C , Steiner Roberto A , Shah Ajay M
Published: January 2016

Phosphorylation of translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) attenuates global protein synthesis but enhances translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and is a crucial evolutionarily conserved adaptive pathway during cellular stresses. The serine–threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) deactivates this pathway whereas prolonging eIF2α phosphorylation enhances cell survival. Here, we show that the reactive oxygen species‐generating NADPH oxidase‐4 (Nox4) is induced downstream of ATF4, binds to a PP1‐targeting subunit GADD34 at the endoplasmic reticulum, and inhibits PP1 activity to increase eIF2α phosphorylation and ATF4 levels. Other PP1 targets distant from the endoplasmic reticulum are unaffected, indicating a spatially confined inhibition of the phosphatase. PP1 inhibition involves metal center oxidation rather than the thiol oxidation that underlies redox inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases. We show that this Nox4‐regulated pathway robustly enhances cell survival and has a physiologic role in heart ischemia–reperfusion and acute kidney injury. This work uncovers a novel redox signaling pathway, involving Nox4–GADD34 interaction and a targeted oxidative inactivation of the PP1 metal center, that sustains eIF2α phosphorylation to protect tissues under stress.
SIDT2 is involved in the NAADP-mediated release of calcium from insulin secretory granules
Authors: Chang Guoying , Yang Rui , Cao Yanan , Nie Aifang , Gu Xuefan , Zhang Huiwen
Published: January 2016

TheSidt2global knockout mouse(Sidt2−/−) has impaired insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to assess the role of SIDT2 protein in glucose-induced insulin secretion in primary cultured mouse β-cells. The major metabolic and electrophysiological steps of glucose-induced insulin secretion of primary cultured β-cells fromSidt2−/−mice were investigated. The β-cells fromSidt2−/−mice had normal NAD(P)H responses and KATPand KVcurrents. However, they exhibited a lower [Ca2+]ipeak height when stimulated with 20mM glucose compared with those from WT mice. Furthermore, it took a longer time for the [Ca2+]iof β-cell fromSidt2−/−mice to reach the peak. Pretreatment with ryanodine or 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) did not change [Ca2+]ithe response pattern to glucose inSidt2−/−cells. Extraordinarily, pretreatment with bafilomycin A1(Baf-A1) led to a comparable [Ca2+]iincrease pattern between these two groups, suggesting that calcium traffic from the intracellular acidic compartment is defective inSidt2−/−β-cells. Bath-mediated application of 50nM nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) normalized the [Ca2+]iresponse ofSidt2−/−β-cells. Finally, glucose-induced CD38 expression increased to a comparable level betweenSidt2−/−and WT islets, suggesting thatSidt2−/−islets generated NAADP normally. We conclude thatSidt2is involved in NAADP-mediated release of calcium from insulin secretory granules and thus regulates insulin secretion.
Determinación del Periodo Óptimo de Descanso de la Pastura Asociada Lolium multiflorum, Trifulium pratense y Medicago sativa, Pastoreada por Cuyes en la Sierra Central del Perú
Authors: Mamani E. Ruth , Jiménez A. Ronald , San Martín H. Felipe , Huamán U. Héctor , Ara G. Miguel , Carcelén C. Fernando , Huamán C. Amparo
Published: January 2016

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el periodo óptimo de descanso de la pastura asociada Lolium multiflorum, Trifolium pratense y Medicago sativa en función a mejorar los parámetros de productividad de la pastura, ganancia de peso vivo, índice de conversión alimenticia y costo de producción, cuando es pastoreada por cuyes machos genéticamente mejorados. Se utilizaron 18 cuyes de 15 días de edad recién destetados. Se empleó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con dos ciclos de pastoreo de 72 días como bloques y tres tratamientos correspondientes a periodos de descanso en la pastura de 22, 34 y 46 días en 36, 54 y 72 m² de area de pastoreo y con 2, 3 y 4 cuyes en pastoreo, respectivamente. Los resultados demostraron que periodos de descanso entre 22 a 46 días en la pastura asociada no afecta los parámetros productivos y económicos en cuyes criados bajo pastoreo.
Uso de «Chancapiedra» (Phyllantus niruri) como Terapia para la Urolitiasis por Estruvita en un Conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Mascota
Authors: Quevedo U. Miryam , Lescano G. Jesús , Sato Sato Alberto
Published: January 2016

La urolitiasis es una enfermedad común en animales de compañía, pero su etiopatogénesis y frecuencia es poco conocida en conejos. El tratamiento convencional sugerido puede ser quirúrgico o médico; sin embargo, el tratamiento alternativo basado en el uso de la planta «chancapiedra» (Phyllantus niruri) es comúnmente empleado en casos de urolitiasis humana en la medicina tradicional peruana, aunque se desconocen sus mecanismos farmacológicos. Se reporta el caso de un conejo macho que presentaba disuria y dolor a la palpación abdominal. El examen radiográfico reveló la presencia de un cuerpo radiopaco en la uretra. Se diagnosticó urolitiasis y se programó el tratamiento quirúrgico para el día siguiente, sugiriéndose como terapia complementaria la infusión de «chancapiedra» como agua de bebida. Al día siguiente el propietario halló el urolito cerca al dormidero de su mascota y el examen ultrasonográfico reveló la ausencia del cálculo en el tracto urinario del animal. El examen de laboratorio indicó que el urolito estaba compuesto de fosfato amónico-magnésico.
Agentes Crioprotectores Alternativos para el Congelamiento Lento de Espermatozoides Epididimarios de Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Canorio Pariona Nadia , Paredes Arnedo Fernando , Valdivia Cuya Martha
Published: January 2016

El objetivo del estudio fue utilizar agentes crioprotectores alternativos para el congelamiento lento de espermatozoides epididimarios de alpaca (Vicugna pacos). Epidídimos obtenidos en el camal de la ciudad de Huancavelica fueron transportados a 4 °C en solución fisiológica al laboratorio en Lima, Perú. Los espermatozoides fueron extraídos de la cola del epidídimo e incubados en medio HAMF10 a 37 °C. Se usó el medio Tes-Tris-Yolk como medio de criopreservación y suplementado con los agentes crioprotectores dimetilsulfóxido (Me2SO4) en concentraciones de 0.5, 0.25 y 0.125M y dimetilacetamida (DMA) en concentraciones de 0.75, 0.385 y 0.18M, y comparados con el grupo control criopreservado con glicerol 0.6M. Se evaluó la motilidad, viabilidad e integridad de membrana antes y después del congelamiento. Se obtuvo una mejor viabilidad e integridad de membrana posdescongelamiento con DMA 0.375M (p<0.05). La motilidad fue mejor en los grupos de Me2SO4 0.25 y 05M y de DMA 0.375 y 0.75M (p<0.05).
Checklist of periphytic diatoms in streams of the Pirapó River basin, Paraná state, Brazil
Authors: Moresco Carina , Rodrigues Liliana
Published: January 2016

In lotic environments, diatoms have high richness and represent important elements of biodiversity and genetic resources of these sites. Given the impacts caused by urbanization and agriculture on streams and the responses of the periphytic diatom community, this study aims to provide a checklist of epilithic diatoms in two streams: one located in an urban area and the other in rural area. Bimonthly samples were taken along the longitudinal gradient of streams (headwaters, middle and mouth) from July 2007 through August 2008. Permanent slides were deposited in the Herbarium of the State University of Maringá. In the rural stream, we identified 124 species belonging to 47 genera and 26 families and in the urban stream, 79 species belonging to 34 genera and 20 families. The streams had 68 taxa in common. In both streams, the most representative family was Naviculaceae.
New records of Gerstaeckerella irrorata and Plega zikani (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) for Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: Silva Marise , Souza Brígida , Machado Renato J. P. , Carvalho César F.
Published: January 2016

This note extends the geographical distribution of two rare species of Mantispidae (Neuroptera) in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This is the first record of Gerst­aeckerella irrorata and the second record of Plega zikani for the state.
Intryck från Belarus
Authors: Fröjmark Anders
Published: January 2016

Aktuell reseskildring med historisk touch från ett land som nog är ganska okänt för de flesta svenskar.
Dagar i Delhi
Authors: Hägerdal Hans
Published: January 2016

En dagboksrapport från en svensk universitetsdelegations resa till Indien.
Chinese in East Timor : Identity, society and economy
Authors: Berlie Jean A.
Published: January 2016

Om den kinesiska migrationen till Timor och hur denna har förändrats över tiden.
EXTRAÇÃO AUTOMÁTICA DE CONHECIMENTO EM DOCUMENTOS TEXTUAIS: UM ESTUDO EXPLORATORIO NO DOMINIO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudia Maria F. Araujo , Queiroz Suzyanne Oliveira , Araujo Marianna , Costa Felipe
Published: January 2016

Este trabalho dedica-se a analise de ferramentas para a extração automática de conhecimento sobre sustentabilidade, a partir de fontes textuais. Mais especificamente, dedica-se a avaliar a efetividade de tais ferramentas em capturar aspectos relacionados as dimensões ambiental, social e econômica presentes na descrição de projetos sustentáveis. Para tal, foi planejado e executado um experimento com a utilização de três ferramentas de mineração de texto, tendo como base um projeto de agricultura sustentável. Como estratégia complementar de analise, foi utilizada a avaliação humana por meio de técnica de crowdsourcing. Apesar da razoável oferta e maturidade das ferramentas de mineração de texto, os resultados obtidos neste estudo explicitam um limite na capacidade de tais ferramentas em capturar aspectos essenciais ao domínio da sustentabilidade.
CONTABILIDADE DE CUSTOS E RESULTADO ECONÔMICO: UMA ABORDAGEM DA GERAÇÃO DE VALOR PARA A SOCIEDADE À LUZ DOS INDICADORES DE GESTÃO DO IFRN
Authors: Silva Marcos André , Silva Braga Paulo Tarso , Da Paz Silva Ediluce Maria
Published: January 2016

Ao relacionar o resultado econômico e os indicadores de gestão do IFRN, esta pesquisa verificou quais indicadores de gestão têm influência significativa no resultado econômico dessa instituição. Para responder à questão de pesquisa, foram utilizados os indicadores de gestão e os resultados econômicos de 15 campi do IFRN referentes ao período de 2011 e 2012. Após a coleta dos dados, o passo seguinte foi submetê-los a tratamento estatístico, por meio da técnica de regressão múltipla com dados em painel, tratados por meio do método Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários. Baseado no procedimento estatístico, verificou-se que, dos 10 (dez) indicadores de gestão utilizados na pesquisa, 5 (cinco) deles demonstraram ser influentes no resultado econômico de forma significativa a 1% e 5%, quais sejam: Relação de Concluintes por Alunos Matriculados (RC/A), Relação Alunos por Docente em Tempo Integral (RA/DTI), Percentual de Gastos com Pessoal (PGP), Percentual de Gastos com Outros Custeios (PGOC) e Índice de Titulação do Corpo Docente (ITCD). Com exceção do RA/DTI, que demonstrou uma relação direta com o resultado econômico, todos os outros se relacionam de forma inversa com a variável dependente. Nesse caso, sempre que ocorre uma alteração para mais nesses indicadores, o resultado econômico diminui. A pesquisa também gerou informações sobre o resultado econômico dos campi, os quais, à exceção do campus Educação a Distância (EaD), tiveram resultado econômico negativo. Essa situação tem como causa provável o fato de o IFRN estar em processo de expansão e parte dos campi terem pouco tempo de atividade.
POTENCIAL EXPORTADOR: UM ESTUDO DA LINHA PRODUTIVA DO ÁGAR-ÁGAR COM ÊNFASE NAS CADEIAS COMPLEMENTARES.
Authors: De Souza Palhano Camilo Andressa , De Fátima Lúcio Gomes da Costa Lúcia
Published: January 2016

A presente pesquisa possui por objetivo analisar como a cadeia de valor do Ágar-ágar gera competividade internacional, por meio do mapeamento da cadeia de valor do processo produtivo do ágar-ágar, das relações de sinergias entre os atores da cadeia produtiva dos hidrocolóides, compreendendo sobre os elementos competitivos de produção no processo de beneficiamento, além de analisar as estratégias de distribuição frente o cenário internacional. Em consonância as teorias, ressaltam-se no estudo a cadeia de suprimento e a cadeia de valor, o processo produtivo, acrescenta-se ainda os APL’s com benefício às empresas que o compõem e as alianças estratégicas na cadeia de produção abrangendo fornecedores e clientes em seu meio. No desenvolvimento teórico, ainda há o sistema de produção atendendo os objetivos das atividades; e as vantagens competitivas. O Paradigma Eclético de Dunning compila as teorias que observam aspectos como localização, competição monopolista, internacionalização e custos de transação para desenvolver o paradigma de Ownnership Localization Internalization e por fim, a Escola de Uppsala. Para tanto, na pesquisa foi desenvolvida uma investigação estratégica de estudo de caso único sobre a cadeia produtiva, desde a extração, por meio de arranjos produtivos locais, pelo beneficiamento de ágar-ágar e carragena. Por fim, concluiu que a cadeia de valor do ágar-ágar pode gerar competitividade internacional, por meio da associação a cadeias complementares, aplicando-se seu processo produtivo aos canais de adução, canais de drenagem e bacia de decantação presentes no layout estrutural da produção de camarão, tornando possível o crescimento em volume das algas e atendimento a toda demanda.
Editorial
Authors: Costa Lucia De Fátima Lúcio Gomes da
Published: January 2016

Caros leitores,

O segundo volume de 2015 traz sete textos a respeito de estudos aplicados sobre as áreas de Negócios, Gestão Pública e Tecnologia da Informação. O primeiro deles explora o processo de alinhamento estratégico dos projetos de TI de uma Universidade privada e demonstra como ocorre a priorização dos projetos em relação aos objetivos estratégicos da instituição.

Também tendo como objeto uma instituição de ensino, um dos artigos apresenta uma investigação sobre os fatores que influenciam na escolha dos alunos, envolvendo questões relacionadas à gestão pública.

Ainda sob a perspectiva da gestão pública, a terceira investigação explora aspectos relativos a fatores motivacionais na prestação do serviço público de saúde, por meio de um estudo de caso.

Há ainda uma pesquisa exploratória sobre extração automática de conhecimento que avalia a efetividade de ferramentas na captura de aspectos relacionados às dimensões ambiental, social e econômica em projetos sustentáveis.

Seguindo sob a ótica da eficiência, apresentamos um estudo cujo objetivo é verificar quais indicadores de gestão têm influência significativa no resultado econômico do IFRN, por meio de uma abordagem de Contabilidade de Custos e resultados econômicos.

Apresentamos ainda uma análise em sites eletrônicos oficiais e portais da transparência para verificar a adequação das informações disponibilizadas na internet com os critérios estabelecidos na Lei de Acesso à Informação.

Por último, apresentamos uma análise como da cadeia de valor do ágar-ágar à luz da competitividade internacional, por meio de um mapeamento da cadeia de valor do processo produtivo e das relações de sinergias entre os atores da cadeia produtiva dos hidrocolóides.

Essas investigações traduzem um esforço da construção de pesquisa aplicada com ricas contribuições para a pesquisa do ponto de vista teórico, metodológico e socioeconômico.

Espero que apreciem. Boa Leitura!
Formation Control of Mobile Robots
Authors: Nguyen Dang Binh , Do Khac Duc
Published: January 2016

A constructive method is presented to design cooperative controllers that force a group of N mobile robots to achieve a particular formation in terms of shape and orientation while avoiding collisions between themselves. The control development is based on new local potential functions, which attain the minimum value when the desired formation is achieved, and are equal to infinity when a collision occurs. The proposed controller development is also extended to formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots.
Preface
Authors: Borne Pierre
Published: January 2016

Over the last decades, it has become a strong need for exchange on common computational and algorithmic tools between researchers working in different application backgrounds. Under this situation, the first CESA conference (CESA96) was successfully held in Lille, France in July 1996.
 The Multiconference on “Computational Engineering in Systems Applications” (CESA2006), was co-sponsored by IMACS (the International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation) and IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics (IEEE/SMC) Society, and has been held on 4-6 October 2006 in Beijing, China. It aim was to bring together scholars and practitioners from academia and industries to exchange the latest development in theories, and applications of computational techniques. This Conference was co-chaired by Professor Pierre Borne (Ecole Centrale de Lille, France) and Professor Bo Zhang (Tsinghua University, China). In addition to the plenary lectures presented by Professor James M. Tien (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA), Professor Tianyou Chai (Northeastern University, China), Professor Florin G. Filip (Vice President of the Romanian Academy), Professor Jianwei Zhang (University of Hamburg, Germany) and Professor Toshio Fukuda (Nagoya University, Japan), 388 communications have been selected and accepted for presentation.
 The papers presented in this special issue correspond to enlarged and improved papers which have been selected among the best communications presented during the conference
Centrifuge modelling of displacement and replacement energy piles constructed in saturated sand: a comparative study
Authors: Ng C. W. W. , Gunawan A. , Shi C. , Ma Q. J. , Liu H. L.
Published: January 2016

Energy piles serve as supporting structures and heat-exchange elements. They can provide thermal comfort much more efficiently than traditional air-sourced systems as the ground offers high thermal conductivity and a stable temperature below a certain depth. Energy piles are commonly installed as bored piles (replacement); however, driven (displacement) energy piles are also used in practice. A direct comparison of the performance of these two different types of energy piles subjected to thermal cycles is rarely explored not fully understood. In this study, two centrifuge energy model piles, one wished-in-place at one gravity (i.e. at low stress, simulating bored pile) and the other pile was jacked in at elevated gravity were constructed in saturated Toyoura sand. After construction, they were subjected to five heating and cooling cycles (7–37°C) under a constant working load. Cumulative settlement with a ratcheting pattern was observed for the ‘bored’ energy pile after five thermal cycles. In contrast, a slight heave was recorded for the jacked-in energy pile. The observed heave can be attributed to the densification effect and particle crushing of soil when the pile was jacked in, reducing or even eliminating thermal-induced contraction of sand and hence decreasing the reduction of horizontal stress during thermal cycles.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Possible Role in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Holick Michael F , Cook Stuart , Suarez Gustavo , Rametta Mark ,   Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, US,   Department of Neurology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers,New Jersey, US,   Global Medical Affairs, Neurology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Whippany, New Jersey, US,   US Medical Affairs, Neurology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Whippany, New Jersey, US
Published: January 2016

Vitamin D is not only an essential nutrient for bone homeostasis but has also been implicated in many other disorders including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and autoimmune diseases. Here we review the problem of vitamin D deficiency and guidelines to help achieve adequate levels in both the general population and in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and its role in MS and impact on treatment. Although there is a lack of consensus on vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, they have been defined as a serum level of 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L or 52.5–72.5 nmol/L, respectively. Deficiency is common in all age groups. Vitamin D is probably involved in the prevention of a number of disease states and 25(OH)D is thought to regulate at least 2,000 genes. Vitamin D toxicity is very rare, with none seen at doses up to 20,000 IU/day. However, the majority of primary care clinicians are not aware of the recommended dose for vitamin D supplementation and optimum serum level in terms of patients with MS. Several organisations have concluded that vitamin D screening cannot be recommended in the general population. Guidelines have been published on treatment and prevention of vitamin D deficiency, particularly for at-risk groups and during pregnancy. There is much evidence for the protective effects of vitamin D in MS. A higher level of sun exposure and intake of vitamin D as well as of serum 25 (OH)D, are associated with a lower risk of MS. It also has a beneficial effect on the clinical course of MS, such as lowering the risk of relapses. Growing evidence indicates that the effects of interferon-beta are additively enhanced by 25(OH)D in MS and this may be due to its modulating vitamin D metabolism.
Idebenone as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Buyse Gunnar M , Gueven Nuri , McDonald Craig M ,   University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,   Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia,   University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, US
Published: January 2016

Progressive loss of pulmonary function leads to early morbidity and mortality in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) due to both expiratory impairment with ineffective airway clearance, and inspiratory impairment leading to nocturnal and daytime hypoventilation and respiratory failure. Glucocorticoid steroids have become a mainstay of DMD therapy with well-documented efficacy on muscle strength and respiratory function. However, the side-effect profile restricts their long-term use, particularly in non-ambulant patients. Idebenone improves secondary mitochondrial dysfunction caused by dystrophin deficiency, intracellular calcium accumulation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Idebenone-mediated improved bioenergetics leads to enhanced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and reduced ROS. Based on this rationale, idebenone has been investigated clinically for efficacy on reducing respiratory function decline in exploratory phase II (DELPHI) and confirmatory phase III (DELOS) trials. Idebenone significantly reduced the loss of respiratory function in 8–18-year-old DMD patients who were not using concomitant glucocorticoids. These results indicate that idebenone can modify the natural course of respiratory disease progression in DMD, which is relevant in clinical practice where loss of respiratory function continues to be a predominant cause of early morbidity and mortality in DMD.
Memoria e identidad: la obra del escultor alemán Ludger Hinse
Authors: TIELVE GARCÍA NATALIA
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo se aborda, en su versatilidad y diversidad plástica, la obra del creador Ludger Hinse. Nacido en Recklinghausen, en 1948, forma parte de una generación de artistas alemanes crecidos en la postguerra, circunstancia que ha marcado en amplio grado el devenir de su trayectoria vital y profesional. Buena parte de sus propuestas responden a una visión arqueológica donde la memoria del trabajo y la memoria del lugar ocupan un puesto destacado. Al amparo de estas premisas, ha ido entretejiendo un discurso que ahonda en la interacción arte e industria y, de forma más específica, en la relación entre la escultura y la arqueología industrial.
La llegada del Pasmo de Rafael a Madrid y su instalación en el altar de la capilla del Alcázar por Herrera Barnuevo
Authors: Cruz Yábar Juan María
Published: January 2016

Aclaramos las circunstancias de la venida del Pasmo de Rafael a Madrid en 1661, durante el reinado de Felipe IV: el interés por esta pintura desde Felipe II, la resistencia de los sicilianos a su salida, la compensación al convento y abad propietarios, y el título que se dio al cuadro. También nos ocupamos de la instalación de la pintura en el altar de la capilla del Alcázar, e identificamos un dibujo arquitectónico de Sebastián de Herrera Barnuevo como primera idea del marco y adorno en el que se presentó el Pasmo a la Corte, que sirvió como retablo definitivo.
Los Iturraldes, plateros en Pamplona (1761-1868)
Authors: CRUZ YÁBAR María Teresa
Published: January 2016

Se recopilan noticias biográficas referentes a los plateros de la familia Iturralde, se aportan nuevos documentos de contratos de obras y se da a conocer piezas inéditas. Se ha procurado aclarar cuáles eran las marcas utilizadas por los distintos artífices de este apellido, presentando el dibujo correcto de las mismas y atribuyendo de esta manera las numerosas piezas correspondientes a cada uno de ellos.
Imagens e liturgia na Idade Média
Authors: Cosmen Alonso María Concepción
Published: January 2016

Imagens e liturgia na Idade Média, Lisboa, Secretariado Nacional para os Bens Culturais da Igreja, 2015.
Francisco Alfaro y la renovación de la platería sevillana en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI
Authors: Herráez Ortega María Victoria
Published: January 2016

Francisco Alfaro y la renovación de la platería sevillana en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI, Sevilla, Instituto de la Cultura y las Artes de Sevilla, 2013.