bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexueller Selbstwert von Trans*Personen:
Fragebogenentwicklung und klinische Testung
Authors: Böhler Christoph , Lucht Luise , Göbel Philipp , Ried Rebekka , Wülfing Clara , Seikowski Kurt
Published: November 2021

Ziel der Studie In der vorliegenden Studie sollte ein neues Messinstrument zur
Erfassung sexuellen Selbstwerts in deutscher Sprache konstruiert und
hinsichtlich seiner faktoriellen Struktur, Validität und
Reliabilität untersucht werden. Anschließend sollte der
sexuelle Selbstwert bei Trans*Personen untersucht werden.

Methodik In einem ersten Schritt erfolgte die Konstruktion und Validierung an
einer Bevölkerungsstichprobe (N=426; Studie 1, online), es
wurden konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse sowie statische Itemanalyse
durchgeführt. In einem zweiten Schritt erfolgte die
Ambulanzbefragung von Trans*Personen (N=85; Studie 2) zum
sexuellen Selbstwert, Körpererleben sowie psychischen und
psychosomatischen Beschwerden, zudem erfolgte ein Vergleich zur
Bevölkerungsstichprobe.

Ergebnisse Es konnten ein akzeptabler Modellfit und eine gute interne
Konsistenz für die finale eindimensionale 8-Item-Lösung der
sexuellen Selbstwertskala (SSWS) erreicht werden. Sexueller Selbstwert war
in der Normalbevölkerung moderat positiv mit globalem Selbstwert
assoziiert. Trans*Personen hatten einen signifikant geringeren
sexuellen Selbstwert im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung. Bei
Trans*Personen zeigten sich die erwarteten Zusammenhänge mit
Körpererleben, es fand sich jedoch kein Zusammenhang mit psychischen
und psychosomatischen Beschwerden.

Schlussfolgerung Die SSWS ist ein erstes deutschsprachiges und
geschlechtsneutrales Instrument zur Erfassung sexuellen Selbstwerts und
verfügt über gute psychometrische Eigenschaften. Sie
erscheint vielversprechend für die Verlaufs- und Erfolgskontrolle
der Transitionsbehandlung von Trans*Personen sowie für den
Einsatz in der Paar- und Sexualtherapie.
Defocus-induced phase contrast enhancement in pattern illumination time-resolved phase microscopy
Authors: Katayama Kenji , Chugenji Tatsuya , Kawaguchi Kei
Published: November 2021

Photo-excited charge carrier dynamics in photocatalytic materials with rough surfaces have been studied via measurements using pattern-illumination time-resolved phase microscopy. Optimal defocusing is necessary for the phase-contrast detection of the refractive index change due to the photo-excited charge carriers. The signal enhancement of the phase-change was explained theoretically and experimentally. The optical phase variation due to the transmission of a rough surface is coupled with the quadratic phase term in Fresnel diffraction, and a slight defocusing can convert the phase image to the corresponding amplitude image. The phase-contrast image due to the photo-excited charge carriers is also enhanced by the defocusing. The explanation was supported by wave optics calculation, and the enhancement was demonstrated for two types of TiO2 substrates with different roughnesses.
Control method of applied voltage for fabricating micro-pattern using near-field electrohydrodynamic direct-writing technology
Authors: Wu Ting , Zhang Libing , Song Haijun
Published: November 2021

In the process of fabricating micro-patterns using the near-field electrohydrodynamic (EHD) direct-writing technology, the voltage error and the dynamic responsiveness of applied voltage have an effect on the jetting shape and the direct-writing pattern. To solve these problems, an iterative control method was proposed to compensate the voltage error between the expected voltage and the actual voltage of the near-field EHD direct-writing setup, which was controlled by the idea of iteration, and a control method based on feedforward and feedback was proposed to enhance the dynamic response of applied voltage in the process of the near-field EHD direct-writing micro-pattern, which was controlled by the idea of the feedforward and feedback. Software algorithms of the voltage error compensation and improved dynamic response of applied voltage were implemented in the near-field EHD direct-writing setup. The experimental results show that the proposed method of voltage error compensation can effectively improve the precision of applied voltage and the presented control method of improving dynamic response capability can effectively shorten the delay time of applied voltage. Finally, two groups of contrast experiments were carried out in the near-field EHD direct-writing equipment, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed control methods can effectively improve the jetting shape and the quality of the direct-writing micro-pattern.
A new genus of frenulates (Annelida: Siboglinidae) from shallow waters of the Yenisey River estuary, Kara Sea
Authors: Karaseva N. P. , Rimskaya-Korsakova N. N. , Ekimova I. A. , Gantsevich M. M. , Kokarev V. N. , Kremnyov S. V. , Simakov M. I. , Udalov A. A. , Vedenin A. A. , Malakhov V. V.
Published: November 2021

Only seven frenulate species are currently known along the Eurasian coast of the Arctic Ocean. We describe a new genus and a new species of frenulates Crispabrachia yenisey, gen. nov. et sp. nov. The morphological analysis involved standard anatomical techniques, semithin sections and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The molecular study included four markers (partial COI, 16S, 18S and 28S) and implemented Bayesian and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic approaches. The description of Crispabrachia gen. nov. is the first documented finding of frenulates in the Kara Sea at the estuary of the Yenisey River in rather shallow water (28 m). The establishment of a new genus is warranted based on the composition of morphological characters and several specific features including free, comparatively short curly tentacles, a triangular cephalic lobe with amplate base, the valvate extension of the posterior part of the forepart and prominent papillae on the nonmetameric region. The tube structure with prominent frills and the worm’s numerous tentacles, metameric papillae with cuticular plaques and segmental furrow on the forepart indicate that the new genus belongs to the polybrachiid group. Although the type locality in the Yenisey River estuary is unusual for siboglinids in general, the physical conditions here are common for other frenulates habitats, i.e. salinity ~30–33, bottom water temperature –1.5°C. This finding was made in the Yenisey Gulf in the region with the highest methane concentrations in the southern part of the Kara Sea that reflects permafrost degradation under the influence of river flow. Further study of the region would help to understand the factors influencing frenulate distributions and improve our knowledge of their biodiversity.
IL-27–producing B-1a cells suppress neuroinflammation and CNS autoimmune diseases
Authors: Choi Jin Kyeong , Yu Cheng-Rong , Bing So Jin , Jittayasothorn Yingyos , Mattapallil Mary J. , Kang Minkyung , Park Seung Bum , Lee Hyun-Su , Dong Lijin , Shi Guangpu , Caspi Rachel R. , Egwuagu Charles E.
Published: November 2021

Significance

Importance of regulatory B cells (Breg cells) is underscored by scores of autoimmune, infectious, or neoplastic diseases that result from loss of Breg functions in vivo. We identified an innate B-1a Breg population in peritoneal cavity and human umbilical cord that suppresses encephalomyelitis or uveitis by propagating inhibitory signals that convert conventional lymphocytes to IL-35–secreting regulatory cells and inhibiting Lag3
+
PD-1
+
T cells that mediate CNS autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, IRF8 signaling is required for i27-Breg development and loss of IL-27Rα or IL-27 function in B cells abrogates capacity of i27-Bregs to suppress diseases or induce B-1a differentiation into i27-Breg. i27-Breg requires activation by innate stimuli and is not antigen-specific, suggesting that i27-Breg would be effective immunotherapy for diverse autoimmune diseases.
Agonistic analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone promotes neurofunctional recovery and neural regeneration in ischemic stroke
Authors: Liu Yueyang , Yang Jingyu , Che Xiaohang , Huang Jianhua , Zhang Xianyang , Fu Xiaoxiao , Cai Jialing , Yao Yang , Zhang Haotian , Cai Ruiping , Su Xiaomin , Xu Qian , Ren Fu , Cai Renzhi , Schally Andrew V. , Zhou Ming-Sheng
Published: November 2021

Significance

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and permanent disability in adults worldwide. Although most pharmacological neuroprotectants have beneficial effects in experimental studies, they fail in clinical trials. Here, we report that MR-409, a synthetic analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone, can reduce mortality and improve neurological functional recovery in mice operated on for tMCAO. Mechanistically, MR-409 stimulates endogenous neurogenesis and improves tMCAO-induced loss of neuroplasticity by activation of AKT/CREB and BDNF/TrkB pathways. Our preclinical studies support the notion that MR-409 has remarkable neuroprotective effects through enhancing endogenous neurogenesis and may represent a potential new therapy for cerebral ischemic stroke.
Development of a universal nanobody-binding Fab module for fiducial-assisted cryo-EM studies of membrane proteins
Authors: Bloch Joël S. , Mukherjee Somnath , Kowal Julia , Filippova Ekaterina V. , Niederer Martina , Pardon Els , Steyaert Jan , Kossiakoff Anthony A. , Locher Kaspar P.
Published: November 2021

Significance

Structural studies of membrane proteins by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) often require antibody fragments (Fabs) to facilitate particle alignments and achieve high resolution. While conformational nanobodies have been developed to lock specific states of many membrane proteins, they only add 15 kDa of mass to the complex. We developed a synthetic Fab (NabFab) that rigidly binds the conserved scaffold of nanobodies, providing a universally applicable fiducial for cryo-EM studies of protein–nanobody complexes. We demonstrate the concept by determining two high-resolution structures of membrane proteins bound to specific nanobodies and NabFab. As the structural epitope for NabFab can be incorporated into the scaffold of virtually any nanobody, this raises the prospect of facile structure determination of many nanobody–protein complexes.
SORLA is required for insulin-induced expansion of the adipocyte precursor pool in visceral fat
Authors: Schmidt Vanessa , Horváth Carla , Dong Hua , Blüher Matthias , Qvist Per , Wolfrum Christian , Willnow Thomas E.
Published: November 2021

Visceral adipose tissue shows remarkable plasticity, constantly replacing mature adipocytes from an inherent pool of adipocyte precursors. The number of precursors is set in the juvenile organism and remains constant in adult life. Which signals drive precursor pool expansion in juveniles and why they operate in visceral but not in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) are unclear. Using mouse models, we identified the insulin-sensitizing receptor SORLA as a molecular factor explaining the distinct proliferative capacity of visceral WAT. High levels of SORLA activity in precursors of juvenile visceral WAT prime these cells for nutritional stimuli provided through insulin, promoting mitotic expansion of the visceral precursor cell pool in overfed juvenile mice. SORLA activity is low in subcutaneous precursors, blunting their response to insulin and preventing diet-induced proliferation of this cell type. Our findings provide a molecular explanation for the unique proliferative properties of juvenile visceral WAT, and for the genetic association of SORLA with visceral obesity in humans.
Glypicans and cytonemes unite to distribute Wnt ligands
Authors: Waghmare Indrayani , Page-McCaw Andrea
Published: November 2021

Hu et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202009082) show that Glypican 4 participates in filopodia-mediated Wnt transport from endoderm to mesoderm in zebrafish embryos to facilitate intercellular communication between germ layers.
Theoretical analysis of RNA polymerase fidelity: a steady-state copolymerization approach
Authors: Fu Wenbo , Li Qiushi , Song Yongshun , Shu Yaogen , Ouyang Zhongcan , Li Ming
Published: November 2021

The fidelity of DNA transcription catalyzed by RNA polymerase (RNAP) has long been an important issue in biology. Experiments have revealed that RNAP can incorporate matched nucleotides selectively and proofread the incorporated mismatched nucleotides. However, systematic theoretical researches on RNAP fidelity are still lacking. In the last decade, several theories on RNA transcription have been proposed, but they only handled highly simplified models without considering the high-order neighbor effects and the oligonucleotides cleavage both of which are critical for the overall fidelity. In this paper, we regard RNA transcription as a binary copolymerization process and calculate the transcription fidelity by the steady-state copolymerization theory recently proposed by us for DNA replication. With this theory, the more realistic models considering higher-order neighbor effects, oligonucleotides cleavage, multi-step incorporation and multi-step cleavage can be rigorously handled.
The angular momentum and parity projected multidimensionally constrained relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov model
Authors: Wang Kun , Lu Bing-Nan
Published: November 2021

Nuclear deformations are fundamentally important in nuclear physics. We recently developed a multidimensionally constrained relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov (MDCRHB) model, in which all multipole deformations respecting the V
4 symmetry can be considered self-consistently. In this work we extend this model by incorporating the angular momentum projection and parity projection to restore the rotational and parity symmetries broken in the mean-field level. This projected MDCRHB (p-MDCRHB) model enables us to connect certain nuclear spectra to exotic intrinsic shapes such as triangles or tetrahedrons. We present the details of the method and an exemplary calculation for 12C. We develop a triangular moment constraint to generate the triangular configurations consisting of three α clusters arranged as an equilateral triangle. The resulting 12C spectra are consistent with that from a triangular rigid rotor for large separations between the α clusters. We also calculate the B(E2) and B(E3) values for low-lying states and find good agreement with the experiments.
A stopping layer concept to improve the spatial resolution of gas-electron-multiplier neutron detector
Authors: Zhou Jianjin , Zhou Jianrong , Zhou Xiaojuan , Zhu Lin , Yang Jianqing , Yang Guian , Zhang Yi , Ding Baowei , Hu Bitao , Sun Zhijia , Duan Limin , Chen Yuanbo
Published: November 2021

In recent years, gas electron multiplier (GEM) neutron detectors have been developing towards high spatial resolution and high dynamic counting range. We propose a novel concept of an Al stopping layer to enable the detector to achieve sub-millimeter (sub-mm) spatial resolution. The neutron conversion layer is coated with the Al stopping layer to limit the emission angle of ions into the drift region. The short track projection of ions is obtained on the signal readout board, and the detector would get good spatial resolution. The spatial resolutions of the GEM neutron detector with the Al stopping layer are simulated and optimized based on Geant4GarfieldInterface. The spatial resolution of the detector is 0.76 mm and the thermal neutron detection efficiency is about 0.01% when the Al stopping layer is 3.0 μm thick, the drift region is 2 mm thick, the strip pitch is 600 μm, and the digital readout is employed. Thus, the GEM neutron detector with a simple detector structure and a fast readout mode is developed to obtain a high spatial resolution and high dynamic counting range. It could be used for the direct measurement of a high-flux neutron beam, such as Bragg transmission imaging, very small-angle scattering neutron detection and neutron beam diagnostic.
Pressure tuning of the anomalous Hall effect in the kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5
Authors: Yu Fang-Hang , Wen Xi-Kai , Gui Zhi-Gang , Wu Tao , Wang Zhenyu , Xiang Zi-Ji , Ying Jianjun , Chen Xianhui
Published: November 2021

Controlling the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) inspires potential applications of quantum materials in the next generation of electronics. The recently discovered quasi-2D kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 exhibits large AHE accompanying with the charge-density-wave (CDW) order which provides us an ideal platform to study the interplay among nontrivial band topology, CDW, and unconventional superconductivity. Here, we systematically investigated the pressure effect of the AHE in CsV3Sb5. Our high-pressure transport measurements confirm the concurrence of AHE and CDW in the compressed CsV3Sb5. Remarkably, distinct from the negative AHE at ambient pressure, a positive anomalous Hall resistivity sets in below 35 K with pressure around 0.75 GPa, which can be attributed to the Fermi surface reconstruction and/or Fermi energy shift in the new CDW phase under pressure. Our work indicates that the anomalous Hall effect in CsV3Sb5 is tunable and highly related to the band structure.
Topological properties of non-Hermitian Creutz ladders
Authors: Liang Hui-Qiang , Li Linhu
Published: November 2021

We study topological properties of the one-dimensional Creutz ladder model with different non-Hermitian asymmetric hoppings and on-site imaginary potentials, and obtain phase diagrams regarding the presence and absence of an energy gap and in-gap edge modes. The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), which is known to break the bulk–boundary correspondence (BBC), emerges in the system only when the non-Hermiticity induces certain unbalanced non-reciprocity along the ladder. The topological properties of the model are found to be more sophisticated than that of its Hermitian counterpart, whether with or without the NHSE. In one scenario without the NHSE, the topological winding is found to exist in a two-dimensional plane embedded in a four-dimensional space of the complex Hamiltonian vector. The NHSE itself also possesses some unusual behaviors in this system, including a high spectral winding without the presence of long-range hoppings, and a competition between two types of the NHSE, with the same and opposite inverse localization lengths for the two bands, respectively. Furthermore, it is found that the NHSE in this model does not always break the conventional BBC, which is also associated with whether the band gap closes at exceptional points under the periodic boundary condition.
SNPs detection in 5’-UTR region of the MC4R gene in Garut sheep
Authors: L Sari A P Z N , Athifa I R , Panjono  , Hidayat R , Barli A , Maharani D
Published: November 2021

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene has been linked to controlling feeding behavior and body weight. The objective of this study was to detect the polymorphism within the 5’-UTR region of the MC4R gene in Garut sheep. A total of 36 blood samples were isolated and amplified using primers (forward: 5’-TTCGTTTGGGGCAAGTCAAG-3’ and reverse: 5’-GGAAACGCTCACCAACATGT-3’). Two SNPs, g.396C/T and g.399C/G, were discovered in the 5‘UTR region based on sequence alignment (position number based on Genbank acc no. NC_040274). For both SNPs, only two genotypes were found in the samples. Both SNPs had identical allele and genotype frequencies. The C allele (86%, n=26) was higher than the T (g.396C/T) and G allele (g.399C/G) (14%, n=10). The homozygous CC genotype has a higher frequency (72%) in both SNP g.396C/T and g.399C/G, followed by CT and CG genotype (28%), respectively. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis resulted in the sample population did not deviate (χ2<5.59). Further analysis could be suggested to provide an overview of this polymorphism effect in Garut sheep’s growth traits.
Evaluation of multi decked transported sheep in a hot and humid tropical environment
Authors: Lendrawati  , Priyanto R , Jayanegara A , Manalu W , Desrial
Published: November 2021

Unavoidable transportation as a supporting factor in meat production is a common cause of stress that may affect economic loss and welfare concerns. This study was evaluated sheep’s economic losses and physiological responses with two and three-level deck numbers. This study was used 127 heads of local Indonesian sheep, 8-10 months in age with 18-24 kg live body weight. A total of 72 heads of sheep were used for three deck levels (study 1) and 52 heads of two deck levels (study 2). All the sheep were loaded on the pick up at a 0.14 m2/head of density and transported for 22 hours without fed and water access during the journey. During the study, ambient temperature and relative humidity fluctuated between 29 and 34oC and 74 and 93%, indicating that the season was thermally stressful and unfavorable for sheep transport. The results showed that transported sheep using an open pick up for 20 hours in Indonesian conditions significantly affected physiological and blood parameters as indicator stress and inventory loss caused economic losses. It can be concluded that transported sheep into two or three levels of the deck in tropical climate had a high risk for sheep in terms of economic and animal welfare concerns.
The effect of slaughter age and sex class to carcass characteristic of Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle
Authors: Maulid S S C , Susilo A , Purwanto D , Kuswati
Published: November 2021

This research was conducted to examine the effect of slaughter age and sex class to carcass characteristic from Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle. The research materials were 126 heads (grouped by slaughter age (<1,5 years, 2-2,5 years, and 3 years) and sex class (bull and steer)) with taken from KASA Company, rested for 12-24 hours, and slaughtered in AM FARM abattoir with halal MUI slaughter methods. The research method was used field experiment. The data of research were analysis by using Complete Randomized Factorial Design (2X3) and Duncan Multiple Range Test if there were differences. Parameters of carcass characteristic were slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass components percentage (meat, bone, fat), MBR, MFR, rib eyes area, and 12th fat thickness of ribs. The results of this research showed that slaughter age and sex class has significantly (P<0,05) affect to slaughter weight and hot carcass weight. Interactions of slaughter age and sex class has significantly (P<0,05) affect dressing percentage, bone and meat percentage, MBR and MFR, and has not significant (P>0,05) rib eyes area and fat thickness. From these results, it can be concluded that slaughter age and sex class affect carcass characteristics of Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle.
The influence of the mixture of some plant powder with Anacardium occidentale shell liquid smoke on total bacteria and Escherichia coli in the ileum of broiler
Authors: Pasaribu T , Kostaman T , Saenab A
Published: November 2021

Antibiotics/feed additives are commonly used in poultry rations to prevent disease, increase feed efficiency, and improve performance. Plants are the alternatives to replace antibiotics that are safe and without side effects for chicken meat consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of administration of a mixture of plant powder and Anacardium occidentale shell liquid smoke on the total bacteria and Escherichia coli in the broiler ileum. The plant mixture was: Phyllanthus niruri L. (PNP) powder: Anacardium occidentale shell liquid smoke (AOLS): Syzygium aromaticum leaf powder (SAP). The study used a Completely Randomized Design. In total, 80 one-day-old broiler chicks were allotted randomly into eight treatments with two replicates per treatment and 5 birds per replicate. The study with the following treatments: Control, Zn-Bacitracin 0.05%, T1 (1.25%: 0.125%: 0.313%), T2 (1.25%: 0.125%: 0.157%), T3 (0.625%: 0.125%: 0.157%). T4 (0.625%: 0.0625: 0.157%), T5 (0.313%: 0.0313: 0.625%), T6 (0.313%: 0.125%: 0.313%). To find out the total bacteria and Escherichia coli, the chicken is then slaughtered 2 hens per replicates to collect feces from the ileum. The results showed that the treatment of the mixture of PNP: AOLS: SAP was not significantly different (P>0.05) with Zn-bacitracin treatment on the total bacteria and Escherichia coli. However, the number of bacteria in T1 was lower than that of the Zn-bacitracin treatment, while the number of Escherichia coli in T1 was closer to the Zn-bacitracin treatment. It can be concluded that the PNP: AOLS: SAP (1.25%: 0.125%: 0.313%) mixture at T1 treatment has the potential as a natural antibiotic to replace Zn-bacitracin antibiotic in inhibiting total growth of bacteria and Escherichia coli in the ileum of broiler.
Potential and characteristics of dadiah processed into products-like nuggets with addition of cinnamon bark flour (Cinnamomum burmanni)
Authors: Sandra A , Purwati E , Hasibuan A
Published: November 2021

Dadiah is a natural fermentation of buffalo milk from West Sumatra, which has a distinctive smell and flavor. This causes the dadiah to be less liked, so it is necessary to diversify the processed of dadiah. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding cinnamon flour (Cinnamomum burmanni) in the processing of nugget-like products on antioxidants, cholesterol, the total colony of lactic acid bacteria and organoleptic values. This research used 2000 grams of dadiah and cinnamon bark flour (15 g). The variables observed were antioxidants, cholesterol, the total colony of lactic acid bacteria and organoleptic values. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments in this study were the addition of cinnamon flour namely A (0%), B (0.5%), C (1%), D (1.5%). The results of this study indicated that the addition of cinnamon flour to nugget-like products had a significant effect (P<0.05) increasing antioxidant levels and decreasing cholesterol levels, not significantly different (P> 0.05) on the total colony test of lactic acid bacteria and the organoleptic test of taste, texture and flavor. The addition of cinnamon flour to nugget-like products in treatment D (1.5%) gave the best results with antioxidant levels of 73.24%, cholesterol levels of 20.32 mg/dl, the total colony of lactic acid bacteria 1.48x107 CFU / ml and taste organoleptic value 3.44, texture 3.68 and flavor 3.80.
Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) carcinogen in Indonesian commercial goat satay
Authors: Saputro E , Radiati L E , Warsito W , Rosyidi D
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the carcinogen content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in commercial charcoal grilled goat satay. Twenty-one portions of commercial raw goat satay and charcoal grilled goat satay samples were obtained from 4 restaurants which are the largest, well-known, and 15-55 years old goat satay restaurant in Batu Municipality, East Java. Sampling of 2 goat satay types (goat satay without sliced fat and goat satay with sliced fat) was carried out 3 replications in 3 consecutive weekends where many tourists visited. The results showed that the temperature of wood charcoal for grilling commercial raw goat satay in various satay restaurants ranged 486.833-548.300 oC with a grilling duration of 2-5.5 minutes and grilling distance of 0.5-2 cm. The weight of raw goat satay for a serving (10 skewers) ranged 144.000-194.000 g and after grilling the weight ranged 97.333-148.000 g. Total natural antioxidant activity (Dipheny-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH), fat content and moisture content of raw goat satay with sliced fat and without sliced fat reached up to 36.661 and 34.124%; 13.440-26.100% and 1.5-6.305%; 57.940-66.385% and 71.530-76.810%, respectively. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the only type of PAHs that is carcinogenic, for charcoal grilled goat satay with sliced fat and without sliced fat in various satay restaurants, ranged from not detected to 6.330 mg/kg and not detected to 0.773 mg/kg, respectively. The levels of BaP in charcoal grilled goat satay in several satay restaurants exceeded the safety limit by National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NA-DFC) of Republic Indonesia. Benzo(a)antharacene (BaA) and pyrene (Pyr) were detected in all grilled goat satay samples in various satay restaurants. Whereas, phenanthrene (Phe), acenaphthene (Acp) and naphthalene (Nap) were not detected in all grilled goat satay samples in various satay restaurants. The conclusion of our study was that the commercial charcoal grilled goat satay that are sold in Batu municipality contains PAH, especially the carcinogenic B(a)P. Therefore practical mitigation efforts are needed for producers to reduce and prevent the formation of carcinogenic B(a)P in commercial charcoal grilled goat satay.
Effect of orifice size on quality characteristics of burger made from spent laying duck meat
Authors: Md Fauzi N F , Huda N , Adzitey F
Published: November 2021

An experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of orifice size (4.5, 6, 8 and 10 mm) on the quality characteristics and acceptability of duck burger made from spent laying Khaki Campbell duck meat. Large orifice size resulted in lower fat and protein content compared to small orifice size. Hardness value also decreased significantly (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the diameter of shrinkage, cooking loss and colour of the burger. However, the hardness value decreased significantly with an increase in orifice size. The sensory evaluation showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) within the samples, but the overall acceptability score for burger prepared using 10 mm grind size was higher compared to those prepared at 4.5, 6 and 8 mm orifice sizes. Hence the 10 mm grind size was adopted as the optimum orifice size for spent laying Khaki Campbell duck burger.
Chemical properties of nira aren (Arenga pinnata) from Lareh Sago Halaban District of West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini O R , Purwati E , Kurnia Y F , Sukma A
Published: November 2021

Nira is the fresh liquor taken from the Palm Plant (Arenga pinnata). On the local method, Nira has harvested twice a day, in the morning and the afternoon. Ten hours of spontaneously fermented incubation had faced by the Nira before it ready to serve. The study aimed to determine the chemical properties of Nira, likely protein, fat content, water content, pH, and TTA (Total Titrable Acid) of the Lareh Sago Halaban District. The method used was the descriptive method and analysis in the laboratory. The sample of this study was taken from four different sub-district, which are Padang Tangah (NPT), Batu Payung (NBP), Sitanang (NST), and Lareh nan Panjang (NLP). The result revealed that the protein content was 0,33% -0,38%. The highest was in NPT Nira, 0,14% -0,44% fat content and the highest was in NBP nira, 87,46% -90,29% water content and the highest in NST Nira, pH 6,8-7,0 and highest in NPT and NST Nira, Alcohol content 0-0,66% and highest in NBP Nira. Since fermentation spontaneously happens on Nira, there is always a chance to find Microorganisms to applicate on milk fermented to support human health.
Characteristics of Nano Zn-Fitogenik (NZF) made by green synthesis process using guava leaves (Psidium guajava) for feed additives
Authors: Hidayat C , Sumiati  , Wina E , Jayanegara A
Published: November 2021

The main objective of this study was to characterize (chemical, biological, and physical) of Nano Zn-Fitogenik (NZF) synthesized using guava leaves (P. guajava) extracted using water. Among the stages conducted in the study were extraction of guava leaves, NZF biosynthesis using green synthesis method, and evaluation of NZF characteristics. Parameters detected in the evaluation of the chemical and biological characteristics of the NZF used a completely randomized experimental (CRD) design using 2 main factors (unheated water versus hot water), where each experimental unit was repeated 3 times. The results of this study revealed that chemical characterization study showed that NZF contained 0.15% dry matter (DM) of total phenol, 12.68% DM Zn, and 22.12 mg ml−1 of antioxidant activity (IC50). NZF had the ability as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteridis. FTIR analysis showed that NZF contained phytogenic compounds sourced from guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava). It can be concluded that NZF is a nanoparticle containing Zn and phytogenic compounds (total phenol) which function as an antioxidant and antibacterial. Therefore, NZF has the potential to be used as a feed additive.
Botanical and mineral composition of dominant wild forages for feeding of dairy goats in Payakumbuh Region
Authors: Khalil  , Martaguri Imana
Published: November 2021

The objectives of this study were (i) to identify the diversity of forages that are usually consumed or fed to the dairy goats, (ii) to assess the mineral composition of dominant forages concerning the soil mineral status of growing areas. Eight dairy goat farms surveyed and collected forage samples to define the diversity and dominant forages used to feed the goat. Samples of three dominant forages (Asystasia gangetica, Axonopus compressus, and Panicum maximum) and soils were then collected in five different areas where the farmers usually derived the forages (banana plantation, idle lands, riverbanks, roadside, and rice field edge). Plant samples were collected by using a plate meter used for the calculation of botanical composition. Fresh samples were then chopped, dried, and then ground in meal form before analysis for dry matter (DM), and minerals of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, and S. The same minerals were analyzed for soil samples. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design of 5x3 consisting of 3 plant species and five growing areas as replications. Data were statistically analyzed using correlation and variance analysis in Random Block Design (RBD). Results showed of the total about 45 types of plants commonly consumed by goats, there were three dominant species, i.e., P. maximum (38.60%), A. gangetica (24.23%), and A. compressus (17.23%). The Ca content of forages highly correlated with the Ca in the soils, while magnesium in the forage was negatively correlated with the magnesium in the soil. It was concluded that the dominant forages were found a good source of Ca and Mg but deficient phosphorus.
Evaluation of nutrient solution dose and harvest time on forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in hydroponic fodder system
Authors: Sriagtula R , Martaguri I , Sowmen S , Zurmiati
Published: November 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effects of adding nutrient solutions and different harvest ages to the productivity and quality of sorghum forage hydroponically. The study was conducted experimentally using a 3x3 factorial randomized block design with 5 groups. Factor A dose of commercial nutrient solution (0, 3, and 5 ml/l). Factor B is the age of harvest (7, 10, and 13 days). The observed variables were plant productivity, nutrient, fiber fraction, and Hydrogen cianide (HCN) content. The results showed that there was a very significant interaction (P<0.01) between the nutrient solution factor and the age of harvest on the content of dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), ash, and nitrogen free extract (NFE), while the single factor of harvest age had a very significant effect (P<0.01) reducing the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. There was no interaction between the addition of nutrient solution and age of harvest to the content of fiber fractions. A single factor in nutrient solution significantly increased (P<0.01) content of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, and lignin, but not hemicellulose. The conclusion is the addition of a nutrient solution to increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, NDF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but a decrease in the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. The longer the harvest age will increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but reduce DM, CP, EE, and NFE.
Stochastic frontier model for profit efficiency of beef cattle farming during the covid 19 pandemic in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province
Authors: Indrayani Ida , Edwin Tevina
Published: November 2021

Study aimed to estimate profit efficiency and determine factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province. A survey was conducted in West Pasaman regency at October 2020. Respondents consisting of 60 beef cattle farmers were questioned using structural questionnaires. Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to estimate profit efficiency and factors influencing profit efficiency of beef farm in West Pasaman Regency. Important factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming business in West Pasaman Regency were feed price, cost of veterinary medicine, fixed cost, labor cost and number of cattle affecting significant to beef cattle farming profit. The average level of profit efficiency was 39, 4%. Considering the importance of profit efficiency beef cattle farming there is a need for improving level of farmer’s education and experience in beef cattle farming, but farmers should be of productive age.
Growth, carbohydrate accumulation, and productivity of local glutinous corn Bimapulut (Zea mays var. ceratina Kuleshov) after seed priming and coconut coir ash fertilizer application
Authors: Purnama A W , Purwanto E , Solichatun
Published: November 2021

Seed priming and applying organic K fertilizer can involve efforts to increase local glutinous corn Bimapulut productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellin (GA3) as seed priming and coconut coir ash fertilizer on the growth, carbohydrate accumulation, and productivity of Bimapulut corn. The research was conducted using a randomized block design. The main plot was seed priming treatment with gibberellin concentrations of 0, 150, and 300 ppm. As a subplot was the treatment of coconut coir ash fertilizer with fertilizer/soil concentration of 0.00; 0.75; 1.50; 3.00 g/kg; thus, there are 12 treatment combinations. Each treatment was done in three replications. Data were analyzed using separate plot ANOVA with treatment arranged in a factorial. If the treatment is significant, Tukey’s honestly significant difference test will be carried out. The results an interaction between GA3 and coconut coir ash fertilizer on plant height, productivity without corn husks kg/ha, and amylose content but had no significant effect on leaf number, number of cobs per plant, cob length, number of row of seeds per cob, the weight of cob with and without corn husks.
Buto character developing with utilization of firewood waste to eco-friendly eco-artworks
Authors: Munib J A , Sudardi B , Pitana T S , Widayat R , Ardianto D T
Published: November 2021

Firewood waste is a discarded item, and some people used substitute for stoves or cooking utensils for both industrial and household. Firewood smoke affects the air, environment pollution and global warming. Research used a qualitative method and actions with creative ideas to be prototype by utilizing firewood waste into eco-artworks, several prototypes from wood waste with various types of wood, mahogany, teak, and silk tree/sengon wood waste. They aims to gain a deep understanding programs directed at the creative process in response to environmental damage. Besides being a source education to the public, they can also be used as cultivating sensitivity to protecting the natural environment. In addition, eco-artworks from firewood waste is represented become a eco-friendly concept to relevant program namely reintroducing Indonesian culture, especially for buto character to public.
Growth variation and proline accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated to CaCl2 salinity
Authors: Choirunnisa J P , Widiyastuti Y , Pujiasmanto B , Sakya A T , Yunus A
Published: November 2021

Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is classified as medicinal plant comes from North America and not much developed in Indonesia. E. purpurea can be developed by utilizing suboptimal land such as saline land. This study aims to determine the effect of CaCl2 concentration on growth and proline accumulation of three accessions E. purpurea. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and five replications. The first factor is three accessions E. purpurea (accession 1; 2; and 3). The two factor is four concentrations CaCl2 (0; 2500; 5000; and 10000 ppm). The observations are plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and proline accumulation. Data were analyzed using SPSS to test difference. The results showed that highest concentration of CaCl2 can inhibit growth and increase proline accumulation. The highest proline accumulation in accession 2 was 22.8002 µmol g−1, accession 2 as an indicator of accession tolerant to salinity.
Image classification of different clove (Syzygium aromaticum) quality using deep learning method with convolutional neural network algorithm
Authors: Prayogi I Y , Sandra  , Hendrawan Y
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to classify the quality of dried clove flowers using deep learning method with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm, and also to perform the sensitivity analysis of CNN hyperparameters to obtain best model for clove quality classification process. The quality of clove as raw material in this study was determined according to SNI 3392-1994 by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Pancusari Plantation, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. In total 1,600 images of dried clove flower were divided into 4 qualities. Each clove quality has 225 training data, 75 validation data, and 100 test data. The first step of this study is to build CNN model architecture as first model. The result of that model gives 65.25% reading accuracy. The second step is to analyze CNN sensitivity or CNN hyperparameter on the first model. The best value of CNN hyperparameter in each step then to be used in the next stage. Finally, after CNN hyperparameter carried out the reading accuracy of the test data is improved to 87.75%.
Natural batik dyes from Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis and Pelthopherum pterocarpum
Authors: Sarwono  , Darwoto  , Mataram S
Published: November 2021

This study aims to apply Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis, and Pelthopherum pterocarpum as textile dyes to cotton and silk fabrics. The experimental method was carried out to utilize the waste of Terminalia bellirica, Ceriop condolleana, Cudrania javanensis, and Pelthopherum pterocarpum as natural dyes using alum, lime, and ferrous sulphate fixations. The fixation values of alum, lime, and ferrous sulphate using natural dyes were at level 3 (good) on cotton and level 4 (very good) on silk.
Memedi sawah: environmentally friendly scarecrows for paddy fields
Authors: Widayat R , Ardianto D T
Published: November 2021

Four decades ago, memedi sawah or traditional scarecrows were commonly used to repel rice-eating sparrows in paddy fields in Java. Nowadays, many farmers use plastic sheets, a non-environmentally friendly material, tied to rows of bamboo sticks in the paddy field to repel sparrows. Memedi sawah is now transformed into works of art and displayed in prestigious art galleries. This study aimed to bring back memedi sawah made from environmental-friendly materials to the paddy fields. The production was done by implementing environmental-friendly design principles and the concept of aèng, a theory of creating Javanese cultural arts. The result of this study is expected to help farmers in protecting paddy plants while preserving the cultural values and spirit of the local community.
Eco-friendly materials in interior design of Pecel Solo restaurant
Authors: Studyanto A B , Purwasito A , Warto  , Widayat R
Published: November 2021

In Indonesia’s major cities, as well as in Solo, the phenomenon of the growth of restaurants with concepts that present the atmosphere of the past is growing. Pecel Solo testaurant was chosen because, in addition to being a one-of-a-kind building in Solo, it also has a touch of Javanese ethnic. A research that will be observed in the study is how to use ecologically friendly materials in the interior of the Pecel Solo restaurant. The use of environmentally friendly materials in space-forming elements and space fillers is the focus of this research. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case study methods, with analysis departures from field observation data that pertains to the appearance of the interior. The research found that using environmentally friendly materials in the interior design of Pecel Solo restaurant is a style of sustainable interior design. The research is also intended to serve as a model for using environmentally friendly materials in restaurant interior design.
Effectivity of adding some types of organic manure on red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. rubrum)
Authors: Supriyono  , Astuti M W , Pardono  , Pujiasmanto B
Published: November 2021

Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the flowering family (Zingiberaceae). Indonesian potential production of red ginger was about 22 tons Ha−1 within export volume up to 3,000 tons in 2018. This value is completely different from production yields, which decreased every year. Fertilization is one of the cultivation techniques that can increase production. This study aimed to determine the type of organic fertilizer that effectively increases the growth and yield of red ginger. The research was conducted in Jatiyoso, Karanganyar from March to August 2020 with one-factor RCBD and five treatments, it is T0 (Control), T1 (Marketed Manure), T2 (Cow Manure), T3 (Goat Manure), and T4 (Chicken Manure). Plants applied with goat manure (T3) resulted in the highest growth and yield. The growth of red ginger in terms of plant height (72.77 cm), number of tillers (14.93), and weight of fresh straw (30.89 g) tended to be higher in plants applied with goat manure. The yield of fresh rhizome weight and stored rhizome weight applied with goat manure, which is 1033.8 g and 916.8 g, was the highest value above all treatments.
Neuro-fuzzy humidity control for white oyster mushroom in a closed plant production system
Authors: Anta D K , Sandra  , Hendrawan Y
Published: November 2021

Oyster mushrooms grow optimally in relative humidity of 80-90%. As a tropical country, Indonesia is very suitable for oyster mushroom cultivation, but relative humidity must be controlled. The usual effort is ineffective by spraying water to mushroom inside kumbung (mushroom cultivation building) every morning and evening. A building called a Closed Plant Production System (CPPS) equipped with a control system needs to be developed as a solution. The purpose of this study was to design and do a performance test of a neuro-fuzzy based relative humidity control system inside CPPS for white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation. The main components consist of Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, SHT11 sensor, and diaphragm pump connects with mist nozzle as an actuator. The performance test was carried out by running neuro-fuzzy based control system and giving disturbance inside CPPS room. As a result, this control system was able to reach a steady-state condition within 5 minutes. The highest relative humidity error was 0.73%, and the lowest error was 0.09%—the recovery rate of relative humidity inside CPPS when disturbed was 2.25% per minute.