bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black Hebrew Israelites
Authors: CASIS
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this briefing note is to examine the escalation to violence of Violent Transnational Social Movements (VTSM), specifically the Black Hebrew Israelites (BHI). The BHI is a more than 100-year-old group that has arguably been in the political background for the past two decades and appears to have escalated from using soft violence tactics to kinetic violence after the Jersey City Deli Shooting. This briefing note primarily focuses on the BHI and their role as a VTSM that uses soft violence and symbolic power as a means to deliver their message. For further information on VTSMs, please visit the Canadian Centre for Identity-Based Conflict.
Extremism and COVID-19
Authors: CASIS
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this briefing note is to examine security threats posed by Right-wing and Islamist Extremist groups in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. This briefing note will also connect extremist actions to Violent Transnational Social Movement (VTSM) theory. For further information on VTSM theory, please visit the Canadian Centre for Identity-Based Conflict.
The Economics of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) and Poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Kharisma Bayu , Remi Sutyastie Soemitro , Hadiyanto Ferry , Dwi Saputra Andhika
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Arisan or Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) constitute one of the most commonly found informal financial institutions in the developing world. This study aims to analyze the effect of Rotating Savings And Credit Associations (ROSCAs) on poverty in Indonesia using panel data sourced from the fourth and fifth wave of the Family Life Survey (IFLS). This study used a conditional logit or fixed effect logit to see the effect of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) participation and control variables, which include individual, household, and community characteristics on poverty variables that are binary or categorized. The results showed that Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) participation can reduce poverty. Meanwhile, this study shows that women who participate in Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) can reduce poverty significantly. Keywords: poverty, ROSCAs, IFLS, conditional logit  Ekonomi Arisan dan Kemiskinan di Indonesia Abstrak: Arisan atau Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) merupakan salah satu lembaga keuangan informal paling umum yang terdapat di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh arisan (ROSCAs) terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data panel yang bersumber dari Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) gelombang keempat dan kelima. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Conditional Logit atau Fixed Effect Logit untuk melihat pengaruh variabel partisipasi arisan dan variabel kontrol yang meliputi karakteristik individu, rumah tangga, dan komunitas terhadap variabel kemiskinan yang bersifat biner atau kategori. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi arisan dapat mengurangi kemiskinan. Selain itu, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan yang berpartisipasi dalam arisan dapat mengurangi kemiskinan secara signifikan.  Kata kunci: Kemiskinan, arisan, IFLS, conditional logit
Determination of Entrepreneurship Education, Family Environment, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurship Interest
Authors: Sugianingrat Ida Ayu Putu Widani , Wilyadewi Ida I Dewa Ayu Yayati , Sarmawa I Wayan Gde
Published: June 2020

Abstract: This study aims to study the effect of entrepreneurship education, work environment, and self-efficacy on student interest in entrepreneurship. This research was conducted on students of the Faculty of Economics, Hindu University of Indonesia in 2016 who were taking entrepreneurship courses totaling 270 students. The number of samples is determined based on the Slovin formula with an error of 10%. Based on these calculations, a total sample of 79 students was obtained. Determining students who become samples is done randomly. Data collection is done by conducting interviews directly with respondents, based on a pre-arranged questionnaire. The collected data is then tabulated, then processed using the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The results of the hypothesis testing show that entrepreneurship education and family environments have a significant positive effect on students' interest in entrepreneurship. Meanwhile, self-efficacy shows positive results but does not significantly influence the interests of students to become entrepreneurs.Keywords: entrepreneurship education, family environment, self-efficacy, entrepreneurial interest  Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Efikasi Diri terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Berwirausaha Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian pengaruh pendidikan kewirausahaan, lingkungan kerja, dan efikasi diri terhadap minat mahasiswa untuk berwirausaha. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Hindu Indonesia angkatan tahun 2016 yang sedang mengambil mata kuliah kewirausahaan berjumlah 270 mahasiswa. Jumlah sampel penelitian ditentukan berdasarkan rumus Slovin dengan error 10%. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 79 mahasiswa. Penentuan mahasiswa yang menjadi sampel penelitian dilakukan secara acak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara langsung kepada responden, berdasar pada kuesioner yang telah dipersiapkan. Data yang telah terkumpul selanjutnya dilakukan tabulasi, kemudian diolah dengan mempergunakan program SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan pendidikan kewirausahaan dan lingkungan keluarga berpengaruh secara positif signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa untuk berwirausaha. Sedangkan, efikasi diri menunjukkan hasil yang positif, tetapi tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap minat mahasiswa untuk berwirausaha. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan kewirausahaan, Lingkungan keluarga, Efikasi diri, Minat berwirausaha
Модельные оценки квантовой емкости графеновых наноструктур
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю. , Лебедев А.А. , Булат П.В. , Зубов А.В.
Published: May 2020

In the scope of simple models analytical estimates of quantum capacitance for the infinite graphene sheet, graphene nanoribbon and carbon atoms chain (carbyne) are fulfilled. Non-monotonic dependence of on the electrostatic potential is demonstrated. Obtained results are compared with the calculations of the other authors.
Влияние ростовой температуры на пассивирующие свойства пленок Al-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-, выращенных методом атомно-слоевого осаждения на поверхности CdHgTe
Authors: Горшков Д.В. , Сидоров Г.Ю. , Сабинина И.В. , Сидоров Ю.Г. , Марин Д.В. , Якушев М.В.
Published: May 2020

The electrophysical interface properties of the passivating Al2O3 coating grown by the method of plasma-induced atomic layer deposition at various temperatures on MBE p-CdHgTe (x = 0.22) was experimentally studied by measuring the capacitance-voltage characteristics of MIS structures. It was found that, at a temperature of Al2O3 growth of 200 °С in MCT, the concentration of acceptors increases due to dissociation. At a temperature of 80 °С, the spread in the capacitance of the dielectric and the built-in charge increases. The optimum growth temperature of the passivating Al2O3coating on CdHgTe lies in the range of 120-160 °С.
Особенности импульсного нагрева излучением субтерагерцевого гиротрона при получении нанопорошков оксидов металлов
Authors: Водопьянов А.В. , Мансфельд Д.А. , Цветков А.И. , Орловский А.А.
Published: May 2020

The paper describes the features of the metal oxide nanopowder obtaining by an evaporation-condensation method with pulsed heating of the material by focused subterahertz radiation. It has been experimentally shown that optimal conditions for the rapid evaporation of a substance are achieved at the highest possible pulse power and the lowest possible duty cycle at a fixed average power. Under these conditions, it is possible to realize the heating and evaporation of a substance in a focused radiation beam in a relatively short time, while the adjacent layers of the substance maintain a relatively low thermal conductivity. A linear increase in the evaporation rate with a decrease in the duty cycle of heating pulses was demonstrated, the increase reached 5 times relative to the continuous heating mode.
Исследование методом наноиндентирования твердости и модуля Юнга в тонких приповерхностных слоях карбида кремния со стороны Si- и C-граней
Authors: Осипов А.В. , Гращенко А.С. , Горляк А.Н. , Лебедев А.О. , Лучинин В.В. , Марков А.В. , Панов М.Ф. , Кукушкин С.А.
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the results of a nanoindentation study of the hardness and Young’s modulus of hexagonal silicon carbide SiC-4H, obtained by the modified Lely method, in thin surface layers near the C-terminated and Si-terminated faces at small penetration depths of the indenter. It is shown that differences in the elastic properties and hardness of SiC propagate from the surface into the crystal to a depth of about 60 nm. The Young's modulus at the C-terminated face practically coincides with the Young's modulus of the bulk SiC-4H sample (~ 400 GPa), which is approximately 2.3 times higher than the Young's modulus at the Si-terminated face at a depth of 0 to 35 nm (~ 170 GPa). The value of the SiC hardness is approximately 1.5 times higher at the surface of the C-terminated face than at the Si-terminated face, on average, at a depth of 0 to 60 nm. It is concluded from the obtained data that the surface energy of the C-terminated face is also approximately 1.5 times higher than the surface energy of the Si-terminated face since a new surface is formed upon deformation or cracking of the crystal
Локальные измерения флуктуаций радиальной скорости плазмы в токамаке ФТ-2 с помощью экваториального усиленного рассеяния
Authors: Гурченко А.Д. , Гусаков Е.З. , Алтухов А.Б. , Иванов В.А. , Сидоров А.В. , Есипов Л.А. , Kiviniemi T.P. , Куприенко Д.В. , Leerink S. , Лашкул С.И.
Published: May 2020

The possibility of local measurements of the level of the radial plasma velocity fluctuations by the equatorial enhanced scattering of a narrow microwave beam in the upper hybrid resonance in the core plasma of a tokamak is demonstrated. The limitations of the proposed method are clarified at the periphery of the plasma, where the amplitude of density fluctuations grows and small-angle scattering of microwaves on them along the path to the upper hybrid resonance and back becomes significant.
Developing a system to utilize a surveillance data for evidence-based public health interventions: Sleman HDSS’s experience
Authors: Tetra Dewi Fatwa Sari , Lestari Septi Kurnia , Niamilah Ibtidau , Wulandari Hanifah
Published: May 2020

Health interventions aim to improve health status in a community. Factors that influence the effectiveness and success of intervention programs include the characteristics of problems and the target population. Sleman Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) collects data on demographics and public health status annually. By 2018, we have conducted four cycles of data collection from 5,147 households. Results from Sleman HDSS could provide important information regarding the characteristics of target populations and health-related problems they face. The present paper describes how we develop a system that uses the data from a surveillance system to inform the development of health intervention programs. Aside from collecting survey data, Sleman HDSS field staff also recorded statements from respondents and community leader regarding health issues which they thought needed to be addressed. We used both quantitative and qualitative information to identify problems and locations that should be the priority. This priority list then distributed to the academic communities in the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, (FMPHN-UGM) Yogyakarta, Indonesia. By 2018, we have completed 20 health educations and 10 community empowerment activities in collaboration with academic communities of the FMPHN-UGM. We concluded that health surveillance activities could support the development of effective evidence-based health intervention programs.
Knowledge enhancement about pregnancy complications: Optimizing the role of high risk pregnancy prepared cadres
Authors: Parmawati Ika , Sandhi Ayyu , Nisman Wenny Artanty , Lismidiati Wiwin , Rustiyaningsih Anik , Kholisa Itsna Luthfi
Published: May 2020

Maternal death rate is one of the important health development indicators. Indonesian maternal mortality is still high due to both direct and indirect causes that occur during pregnancy and childbirth. High-risk pregnancy can present complications for both the mother and fetus, and demands early detection. Early detection requires involvement of the community, health cadre, medical officers, and government. There is a need to increase the community health cadre competency in the detection of pregnancy complications, especially high-risk pregnancy knowledge. This study used a quasi-experimental design without control group to determine the effect of training regarding pregnancy complications on community health worker’s knowledge in Wijimulyo, Nanggulan, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta in October 2018. The research subjects were community health cadre workers chosen by purposive random sampling. There were 43 research subjects who were given pretests, training about complications of pregnancy, and posttests. The instrument used was a knowledge questionnaire about complications during pregnancy that consisted of 23 items with reliability of 0.865. There was significant difference between community health cadre’s knowledge about complications of pregnancy at pretest and posttest. These results indicate that training about pregnancy complications increases the knowledge of community health cadre workers concerning complications of pregnancy. Further research is needed to assess community health cadre’s skills in making early detection of pregnancy complications.
The association of six-minutes walking test (6MWT) with cardiovascular disease risk among older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rural primary health care: a pilot observational study
Authors: Wibowo Rakhmat Ari , Wahyuningsih Arum Tri , Kusuma Rio Jati , Pamungkasih Wahyu , Agustiningsih Denny
Published: May 2020

The recent systematic review found that cardiovascular events contributed to approximately half of all deaths among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several studies suggested that the six-minutes walking test (6MWT) could be a valuable prognostic tool for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in particular diseases. However, less is known concerning the role of 6MWT in predicting CVD events among patients with T2DM. Thus, this pilot observational study aimed to test the feasibility of conducting the 6MWT and to examine the association of measures collected during 6MWT with ASCVD risk estimator parameters for predicting CVD events among T2DM patients. Fourteen older women with T2DM in a rural primary health care were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Blood pressure measurement, heart rate measurement, and blood sampling for HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol measurements were carried out during rest. Both heart rate and distance were measured at the end of the following 6MWT. Feasibility data were collected. Recruitment rate and measurement completion rate were 85.7% and 40% respectively. No adverse events during the 6MWT were reported. Patient’s heart rate at the end of 6MWT was correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r=0.5 p=0.48). Multivariate analyses suggested that every one-meter increase in distance of 6MWT, there is a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of -0.9 mmHg (p=0.01; 95% CI= -1.6 to -0.2). In conclusion, 6MWT is a feasible simple test which could provide a valuable prediction of ASCVD risk among older women with T2DM. Thus, this test should be considered to be conducted as a part of routine examination. Cohort study with a larger sample could be suggested to establish the usefulness of the 6MWT in predicting CVD risk.
Wearable Detection Systems for Epileptic Seizure: A review
Authors: Alwindawi Alla Fikrat , UÇAN Osman Nuri , Morad Ameer Hussein
Published: May 2020

The seizure epilepsy is risky because it happens randomly and leads to death in some cases. The standard epileptic seizures monitoring system involves video/EEG (electro-encephalography), which bothers the patient, as EEG electrodes are attached to the patient’s head.

Seriously, helping or alerting the patient before the seizure is one of the issue that attracts the researchers and designers attention. So that there are spectrums of portable seizure detection systems available in markets which are based on non-EEG signal.

The aim of this article is to provide a literature survey for the latest articles that cover many issues in the field of designing portable real-time seizure detection that includes the use of multiple body signals, new algorithm methods, and detection devices that are commercially available.

As a result, the reviewing process shows that there are many research articles that have covered wearable seizure detection systems that based on body signals. The more effective monitoring and detection seizure system is the system that uses multi-body signals, is highly comfortable and has low power consumption.
Prediction of Cutting Force in Turning Process by Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Ibraheem Marwa Qasim
Published: May 2020

Cutting forces are important factors for determining machine serviceability and product quality. Factors such as speed feed, depth of cut and tool noise radius affect on surface roughness and cutting forces in turning operation. The artificial neural network model was used to predict cutting forces with related to inputs including cutting speed (m/min), feed rate (mm/rev), depth of cut (mm) and work piece hardness (Map). The outputs of the ANN model are the machined cutting force parameters, the neural network showed that all (outputs) of all components of the processing force cutting force FT (N), feed force FA (N) and radial force FR (N) perfect accordance with the experimental data. Twenty-five samples of experimental data were used, including nineteen to train the network. Moreover six other experimental tests were implemented to test the network. The study concludes that ANN was a dependable and precise method for predicting machining parameters in CNC turning operation.
Analysis of Different Hand and Finger Grip Patterns using Surface Electromyography and Hand Dynamometry
Authors: Buniya A. , Al-Timemy Ali H. , Aldoori A. , Khushaba Rami N.
Published: May 2020

Recording an Electromyogram (EMG) signal is essential for diagnostic procedures like muscle health assessment and motor neurons control. The EMG signals have been used as a source of control for powered prosthetics to support people to accomplish their activities of daily living (ADLs). This work deals with studying different types of hand grips and finding their relationship with EMG activity. Five subjects carried out four functional movements (fine pinch, tripod grip and grip with the middle and thumb finger, as well as the power grip). Hand dynamometer has been used to record the EMG activity from three muscles namely; Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR), Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS), and Abductor Pollicis Brevis (ABP) with different levels of Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) (10-100%). In order to analyze the collected EMG and force data, the mean absolute value of each trial is calculated followed by a calculation of the average of the 3 trials for each grip for each subject across the different MVC levels utilized in the study. Then, the mean and the standard deviation (SD) across all participants (3 males and 2 females) are calculated for FCR, FDS and APB muscles with multiple % MVC, i.e 10, 30, 50, 70 % MVC for each gesture. The results showed that APB muscle has the highest mean EMG activity across all grips, followed by FCR muscle. Furthermore, the grip with the thumb and middle fingers is the grip with the highest EMG activity for 10-70% MVC than the power grip. As for the 100% MVC, thumb and middle fingers grip achieved the highest EMG activity for APB muscle, while the power grip has the highest EMG activity for both FCR and FDS muscles.
Roles of Universities in Realization of Industrial Economy in Moshi Urban, Tanzania: The Case of Moshi Co-operative University
Authors: Akaro Bernadetha B , Mkulu Dr. Demetria
Published: June 2020

Universities are crucial agents of socio-economic development in any nation. They equip students with knowledge and skills which relate to industry, dissemination of knowledge and technical support to industry as well as fostering lifelong learning. Therefore, this study examined the roles of universities in realization of industrialized economy in Moshi Urban in Tanzania. It was guided by human capital theory. The study employed a descriptive research design. 84 students, 15 lecturers and 1 secretary of academic affairs were both randomly and purposively sampled to participate in the study. Questionnaire and interview were used to collect data. The questionnaire attained a Cronbach alpha coefficient of correlation of 0.70 which mean that it was reliable. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The findings revealed that universities are linked to industrial economy and therefore charged with the role of conducting research, offering research courses and implementing projects to promote industrial development which is the cornerstone for successful industrial economy. The results of this study also indicated that in one hand the linkage between universities and industrial economy is not well realized due to a number of challenges, including inadequate resources, political interference, low support from university management and poor technology. On the other hand, the study found that adequate resources and curriculum reform to embrace practical education are among the available opportunities to empower universities towards realizing their roles in promoting industrial economy in Tanzania. The study recommends that the government of Tanzania should ensure conducive conditions and strategies to make universities excel in fulfilling their roles towards sustainable industrial economy.
REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF GIRARDINICHTHYS MULTIRADIATUS, MEEK 1904 (PISCES: GOODEIDAE)
Authors: Cruz-Gómez Adolfo , Rodríguez-Varela Asela Del Carmen , Vázquez-López Horacio
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses biology reproductive aspects of the yellow fish G. multiradiatus in the reservoir of Villa Victoria located in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Monthly samplings were carried from November, 2005 to October, 2006. 657 organisms were collected using a baitwell net. The sex ratio of females/males was 2.27:1 (p <0.05) and the size at first maturation for the females was 32 mm of standard length. The spawning season occurred between March and November, corresponding to the highest values of the gonadosomatic index. For the fecundity pattern, only the fecundated eggs and embryos were considered, which were adjusted to potential model (F = 0.0001L3.331, p <0.05). The basic biology studies on this species are important because G. multiradiatus is endemic and literature on the species is insufficient.
COMPARISON OF TWO BIOMODELS (BALB/C MICE AND SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS) IN THE ALKALINE COMET ASSAY
Authors: Arencibia Arrebola Daniel Francisco , Rosario Fernández Luis Alfredo , Suárez Fernández Yolanda Emilia , Vidal Novoa Alexis
Published: May 2020

This article had as objective to carry out a comparison between Balb/c mice and Sprague Dawley rats as biomodel in the alkaline comet assay, keeping in mind the basal frequency and that induced with Cyclophosphamide, the induction of single strand breaks (SSB) or alkali-labile sites formation on DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes. Ten animal/sex/species/group of Balb/c mice and Sprague Dawley rats were used, and treated for 14 days. Using a negative control group (not treated), two substance-vehicle controls and a positive control received cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg, via intraperitoneal. After two weeks the alkaline electrophoresis gel was performed for individual cells from leukocytes of peripheral blood to screen for possible DNA damage. The best biomodel in both sexes was the SD rats differing significantly with the results obtained in Balb/c mice keeping in mind the spontaneous and induced values of DNA damage. This study shows SD rats are a more efficient model for preclinical genotoxic evaluation of drugs, vaccines and natural products.
AVES DE LA COMUNIDAD EL PAREDÓN, MIACATLÁN, ESTADO DE MORELOS, MÉXICO
Authors: Miranda-González Norma Patricia , García-Bernal Antonio De Jesús , Altamirano Álvarez Tizoc Adrián , Soriano Sarabia Marisela , Navarrete Salgado Norma Angélica , Bedia Sánchez Carlos , Morán Silva Ángel , López Galindo Francisco
Published: May 2020

Con la finalidad de aportar información para el conocimiento de las aves, en este trabajo se realizó el listado de avifauna en la comunidad El Paredón, Municipio de Miacatlán, Morelos, durante un año (septiembre 2007-agosto 2008); se determinó: abundancia relativa, frecuencia, diversidad, equitatividad y se señaló su estacionalidad, categoría de conservación y endemicidad. El trabajo de campo se realizó con muestreos mensuales de tres a cuatro días, empleando la combinación de recorridos aleatorios de distancia variable y puntos de conteo, la determinación de las especies se realizó con ayuda de binoculares, cámara fotográfica y guías de campo. Se observaron 108 especies de aves incluidas en 34 familias y 78 géneros, que representan aproximadamente al 10% de las especies reportadas para México y el 30% de las conocidas para Morelos.
TRES ESPECIES DE MILPIÉS PARADOXOSOMÁTIDOS (DIPLOPODA: POLYDESMIDA: PARADOXOSOMATIDAE) DE MÉXICO
Authors: Cupul-Magaña Fabio Germán
Published: May 2020

Los milpiés de la familia Paradoxosomatidae (con cerca de 170 géneros reconocidos) están ampliamente distribuidos por las zonas templadas y tropicales del mundo Los paradoxosomátidos están incluidos (junto con otras 27 familias) dentro del orden Polydesmida, cuyos representantes se caracterizan por poseer habitualmente 20 diplosegmentos con los flancos, generalmente, extendidos que dan a su cuerpo una apariencia plana.
CYTOGENETICS OF CHILEAN FISHES: A COMMENTED DATABASE
Authors: Jara-Seguel Pedro , Lara Gladys , Paz García María , Valdebenito Iván
Published: May 2020

A database containing data from cytogenetic studies of Chilean fish species is documented for the first time. The cytogenetic data compiled for Chilean fishes include 28 species belonging to 11 families, 9 orders and 16 genera, taking as reference 18 publications since 1972. The application of a variety of cytogenetic methods has provided information on chromosome number, karyotype morphology, genome size, and /or location of different DNA sequences. These data represent only ca. 2.7% of Chile’s fish diversity.
Global Status of COVID-19 Diagnosis: An Overview
Authors: Ravichandran Karthikeyan , Anbazhagan Subbaiyan , Singh Shiv Varan , Agri Himani , N. Rupner Ramkumar , Obli Rajendran Vinodh Kumar , Dhama Kuldeep , Singh Bhoj Raj
Published: May 2020

Since the beginning of the New Year 2020, countries around the world are stumbling due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Better approaches of diagnostics and medical facilities have helped some countries recover early. Previous exposures to epidemics have imparted lessons to handle such a pandemic with a high level of preparedness. The World Health Organization (WHO) and national health authorities are taking great efforts via efficient and impactful interventions to contain the virus. Diagnostic tests such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction are increasingly being used to confirm the diagnosis because testing biological samples for the presence of the virus is the definitive method to identify the disease, analyze the risk for transmission, and determine whether someone has been cured or not. It is also important to screen asymptomatic individuals to get the exact overview of the virus spread. Antibody detection plays a pivotal role in diagnosis; however, using it at the wrong time yields negative results and conveys dissenting opinion about the tests. Although the scaling up of testing has been significant, overall testing has been limited by the availability of diagnostics. Rapid diagnoses and discontinuation of transmission are keys to ending this pandemic. Diagnostics manufacturers are developing test kits and distributing them to different countries. Therefore, more than 500 commercial test kits for molecular- and immunoassays, most with Emergency Use Authorization, are now becoming available in the market. In this review, we discuss the importance of diagnostics, approaches of different countries toward the epidemic, global testing situation, and lessons to countries at the start of the epidemic for better preparedness.
SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 and its Transmission, Prevention, Treatment and Control - An Update
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Tripathi Sonam , Patel Shailesh Kumar , Dhama Kuldeep , Chandra Ram
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), pandemic has caused huge panic, havoc and global threats worldwide. The origin of this virus has been linked to animals, intermediate host is still to be identified, and studies are being carried out that how it got transmitted to humans and acquired rapid human-to-human transmission. Within a short time period of only 05 months, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 213 countries, and till 28th May, 2020, nearly 5.8 million confirmed cases have been reported while taking lives of 0.36 million persons. Seeing the current situation of rapid increase in COVID-19 cases daily in many countries, this seems to be the deadliest pandemic after the 1918 Spanish Flu. There is currently no specific effective treatment for COVID-19 and also in absence of vaccine the radical cure of the disease is far away. Researchers are pacing high to design and develop effective vaccines, drugs and therapeutics to counter COVID-19, however such efforts, clinical trials, necessary approvals and then to reach the level of bulk production of many millions of doses may still take much time. Prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreaks requires an evidence-based, multi-factorial and effective mitigation strategy to be adopted. The current review discusses on the research advancements, challenges and opportunities in COVID 19 management with a focus on its transmission, prevention, treatment and control.
Study of Morphological Nature of Coronavirus: Causes and Prevention
Authors: Meetkamal  , Dwivedi R.K.
Published: May 2020

The emergence of an unusual Corona virus (COVID-19) flu pandemic starting in China in December 2019, spreading all around the globe is a major threat to public health. The investigations have shown this virus originated from a seafood market in Wuhan. However, the unavailability of medicines for the new disease is a big challenge all around. An attempt has been made in the present article to familiarize about the morphology of the virus. The study of effect of pH, temperature and relative humidity is also depicted. Various preventive measures have also been discussed. The natural dietary measures suggested in the paper would be very beneficial to improve and boost the immunity of the mankind.
Construction of Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2: Immunoinformatics Study
Authors: Kharisma Viol Dhea , Ansori Arif Nur Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Recently, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) appeared which is conscientious for the current outbreak in China and rapidly spread worldwide. Unluckily, there is no approved vaccine found against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, there is an urgent need for designing a suitable peptide vaccine constituent against the SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we characterized the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 to obtain immunogenic epitopes. In addition, we used 58 SARS-CoV-2 isolates were retrieved from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), then aligned to obtain the conserved region of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. The interaction between the conserved region with ACE2 receptor, a SARS-CoV-2 receptor on the host cell, has been evaluated through molecular docking approach. The B-cell epitope was identified using the immune epitope database (IEDB) web server. Interestingly, we recommend Pep_4 ADHQPQTFVNTELH as a epitope-based peptide vaccine candidate to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Pep_4 has a high level of immunogenicity and does not trigger autoimmune mechanisms. Pep_4 is capable of forming BCR/Fab molecular complexes with the lowest binding energy for activation of transduction signal the direct B-cell immune response. However, further study is suggested for confirmation (in vitro and in vivo).
Elucidation on the Physicochemical Properties of Potential and Clinically Approved Antiviral Drugs: A Search for Effective Therapies against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Sumalapao Derick Erl P.
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 has been confirmed in millions of individuals worldwide, rendering it a global medical emergency. In the absence of vaccines and the unavailability of effective drugs for the SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccine development is being continuously explored and several antiviral compounds and immunotherapies are currently being investigated. Given the high similarity in genetic identity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the present investigation identified the interaction between the physicochemical properties and the antiviral activity of different potential and clinically approved antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV using hierarchically weighted principal component analysis. Representative drugs from the classes of neuraminidase inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, nucleoside analogues, and other compounds with potential antiviral activity were examined. The pharmacologic classification and the biological activity of the different antiviral drugs were described using indices, namely, rotatable bond count, molecular weight, heavy atom count, and molecular complexity (92.32% contribution rate). The physicochemical properties and inhibitory action against SARS-CoV-2 of lopinavir, chloroquine, ivermectin, and ciclesonide validated the adequacy of the current computational approach. The findings of the present study provide additional information, although further investigation is warranted to identify potential targets and establish exact mechanisms, in the emergent search and design of antiviral drug candidates and their subsequent synthesis as effective therapies for COVID-19.
Distribution of COVID-19 and Phylogenetic Tree Construction of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia
Authors: Turista Dora Dayu Rahma , Islamy Aesthetica , Kharisma Viol Dhea , Ansori Arif Nur Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has spread quickly across the world and has been declared a pandemic. Indonesia has many COVID-19 cases, with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to describe the distribution of COVID-19 in Indonesia and constructed the SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetic tree from Indonesian isolates and those from other countries, including other CoVs to determine their relationship. The distribution data of COVID-19 in Indonesia were obtained from the COVID-19 Management Handling Unit and descriptively analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 isolates were retrieved from the GenBank® (National Center of Biotechnology Information, USA) and GISAID EpiCoV™ databases and were used to construct phylogenetic trees using MEGA X software. Of the 37 provinces in Indonesia, five provinces with the highest case fatality rates were DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, and Banten, and the five provinces with the highest cure rate were Kepulauan Riau, Bali, Aceh, Gorontalo, and DI Yogyakarta. SARS-CoV-2 Indonesian isolates were closely related to SARS-CoV-2 isolates from other countries. The rapid and widespread distribution of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia was caused by the lack of compliance with territorial restrictions and dishonesty with medical personnel. These data revealed that mutations can occur during the transmission process, which can be caused by a history of travel and increased patient immunity.
100 Days of COVID-19 in India: Current and Future Trends
Authors: Gouda Sheetal , Naveen G. , Kukanur F. Sneha
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 classified under emerging infectious diseases has spread across the world resulting in many casualties. India reported its first case on 30th January 2020 and has completed 100 days in this pandemic period. The government of India has issued stringent guidelines and imposed a lockdown for long periods to ensure the practising of social distancing. This paper reviews and discusses the current trends in the confirmed cases of India in comparison with the other prominent countries around the globe. A novel approach using a sigmoid function to predict and forecast the trends for cases in India are also presented in this work. By placing the current time on the sigmoid curve, forecasting the total number of confirmed cases by the end of the pandemic is made. If proper measures and stringent guidelines are not followed, India may have to endure a total confirmed case of up to 4.4 lakh. The prediction also suggests that 99.9% of the pandemic may end in India by 27th July 2020. The best possible approach is to undertake preventive measures by strictly adhering to the guidelines and policies set by the government. Performing hand hygiene, practicing social distancing, surveillance and isolation is the only means to break the chain of transmission and control the pandemic.
Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV2 with Special Emphasis on Genome Sequences
Authors: Sharp Kumar , Dange Shubhangi
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus – 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a global pandemic on 11th March, 2020 by World Health Organization. As of now,27th May,2020, there are about 54,88,825 infected cases and 3,49,095 deaths globally. Coronavirus samples collected from all the countries have been sequenced for advanced studies in a bid to understand the structure and functioning of the virus. In our study, we have tried working on every available sequence to setup both comparisons and co-relations. There is no such available study as of now for reference and hence it can become a pioneer stone in this direction. The mortality rate calculated turns out to be 9.19%,34.37% and 6.29% for SARS-2003, MERS-2012 and COVID-19 respectively. The basic reproduction rate R0 was 2-5 for SARS-2003, 0.3-0.8 for MERS-2012 and 1.4-5.7 for COVID-19. We found out the relation between number of mutations and mortality as well as phylogenetic relations. High number of mutations corresponded to higher mortality rate as in countries like Italy and Spain. Alpha and Beta-coronaviruses show a common ancestor from which they descended. Brazil and Iran have shown similar phylogenetic descent explaining their mortality rate. India, however, showed a distant relation from the common ancestor of other genome sequences. This study highlights the mutations of the SARS-CoV2 virus as well as sets up a comparison with the previous outbreaks. Similar type of studies should be conducted when more genome samples are present. These results can also contribute towards making an effective anti-viral therapy and vaccines.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN DAKWAH PEREMPUAN DI PERKOTAAAN: AISYIYAH JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Nur Fuad Ai Fatimah
Published: May 2020

Women's participation in da'wa activities in the community has been widely studied. Likewise with the contribution of their involvement in various da’wa movements or Islamic organizations. This research aims to strengthen the existing studies, with a focus on the Aisyiyah da’wa community in urban areas. Specifically, this research seeks to investigate how inclusive and solutive the da'wa community is in carrying out its various activities among the Ulujami community in South Jakarta. This research was assessed using a qualitative approach that is not only by conducting relevant literature reviews but also by conducting in-depth interviews with leaders and members of the Aisyiyah branch of Ulujami, and the female community who reside and participate in various activities of Aisyiyah Ulujami-South Jakarta. In addition, participant observation were also conducted to look closely variety of their da’wa activities, ranging from religious education for empowering people and strengthening their religiosity to health services for helping people around them. The result of this research conducted in 2019 and early 2020 shows that the variety of activities carried out by Aisyiyah Ulujami in the middle of the Betawi urban community has made significant social contributions, especially in terms of women's empowerment related to strengthening religious insight, awareness to maintain health and strengthening social harmony in the midst of pluralistic society. This research could contribute to the discourses of the activities of female da'wa community in urban areas and its influences to the wider female community and society in general.
RESILIENSI PENDIDIKAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Fadli M. , Sabaruddin
Published: May 2020

The equality of the rights of men and women is not only in a career in the world of work during, but more importantly in the review of Islamic philosophy is the equal right to education both religious and general education. The purpose of this article is to examine how the resilience of women's education in the philosophy of Islamic education. This study uses a literature review approach, first the author examines how the resilience of women's education then views of some Muslim philosophers on women's education. Furthermore, it examines the role and position of women, the verses of the Koran that deal with the role of women, children's education and women's education and women's public space in the perspective of Islamic education philosophy. This article concludes that in Islam every Muslim male and female are required to know about aqeedah, halal and haram and other legal issues, so that the position of women is equal to men in obtaining teaching with the provisions that they must be able to maintain their nature as Muslim women and there are no restrictions in getting more knowledge for women than that Islam gave them the right to learn in the same opportunities as men, even the Prophet Muhammad gave permission for them to go out to prepare their future on condition that they should cover their genitals.
IMPLEMENTASI SIKAP SPIRITUAL DAN SIKAP SOSIAL DALAM SISTEM FULL DAY SCHOOL
Authors: Pranjia Ufara Rizki , Ulpa Indah Maria , Manthika Suci Putri
Published: May 2020

The 2013 curriculum development, which is oriented towards character through the competency aspects of spiritual and social attitude, is the application of the full day school system in several schools in Indonesia. Thus, this study aims to elaborate the implementation of spiritual and social attitudes with a Full Day School system. This qualitative research employed a case study design in Al-Munir Islamic Junior High School in Bekasi, West Java. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation, and documentation. For the data analysis, the model of Miles and Hubberman was employed including the stages of reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of spiritual attitudes and social attitudes in a full day school system was carried out by (1) planning the programs of student character development; (2) implementing the programs of student character development; and (3) evaluating the programs of student character development, which consists of internal and external assessments of Teaching and learning activities
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN PAI MODEL ADDIE DI SMP INSAN CENDEKIA MENDIRI BOARDING SCHOOL, SIDOARJO
Authors: Basyar Muhammad Khairul
Published: May 2020

Education is the process of changing one's behavior through teaching and training so that they become more mature. The lack of application of PAI learning values ​​by students of SMP Insan Cendekia Mandiri Boarding School (ICMBS) Sidoarjo, has made the PAI teachers of SMP ICMBS innovate by developing integrated PAI learning. This is supported by the condition of school which based on the Boarding School. The purpose of this study is to describe how the development of ADDIE PAI learning model conducted by PAI SMP ICMBS teachers. The method used in this research is research and development methods. The results shows that the design of learning in the classroom is with the ADDIE model and with the concept of Building Learning Power (BLP). In addition, Teacher-centered methods sometimes also exist in schools. The development of PAI learning undertaken by SMP ICMBS teachers makes students better at implementing PAI learning values, beside the integrated PAI learning curriculum, as well as an excellent design system.
PEMETAAN QUDRAH MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MEMBACA DAN MENULIS AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Iryanti Shobah Shofariyani , Fahmi Ari Khairurrijal
Published: May 2020

Being able to read and write the Qur'an is an indicator of graduates of Islamic religious education study programs. However, many of the students were negligent in carrying out the obligation to read the Qur'an with quite varied reasons. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the qudrah of students in reading and writing the Qur'an, precisely in the UHAMKA Islamic religious education study program. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Data collection techniques used were tests and interviews. The results showed that the majority of first semester students in classes A, B, C, and D received a predicate of 49%. For the written test results showed 47% were in the category of inappropriate and less neat. The factors that are quite influential are motivation in self, school origin, and parents' encouragement. The results of this study have implications for the need for innovative formulations of learning to read and write the Qur'an for students so as to improve understanding and basic skills in reading and writing the Qur'an.
PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK PADA ANAK TUNALARAS DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA PRAYUWANA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Yarfin La Ode , Suyadi
Published: May 2020

Islamic religious education is a right for all children, including children with special needs, especially disability or disorder of social disorders and deviant behavior. These conditions require a new approach in Islamic religious education, thus forming a noble. The purpose of this study was to analyze the moral education of children with physical impairment in E Prayuwana Special School (SLB) Yogyakarta. This research approach is qualitative in the form of descriptive analysis. The subjects of this study were 4 children with grades 2, 3, 4 and 5 Elementary / SLB and one Teacher of Islamic Education. Data collection techniques carried out by observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was performed in a descriptive and analytical way. The results showed that moral education in children with physical impairment was done by conditioning good manners, worship habits, and honest behavior.