bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Seeing Eye to Eye” About Our Relationship Is Good for Us and Everyone Else: An Examination of LMX Agreement and Views of Fair Treatment
Authors: Matta Fadel K. , Frank Emma L. , Muir (Zapata) Cindy P.
Published: April 2024

Research across a wide array of fields has established the organizational importance of fair treatment and why it should be a primary consideration of supervisors. As such, scholars have begun to unpack characteristics of organizations, supervisors, and employees that may promote fair treatment. Although this literature has been informative and is growing, we know little about how the dyadic interplay between leaders and followers—and, in particular, how both parties’ perceptions of that joint interplay—may facilitate or hinder views of fairness. The lack of clarity on this phenomenon is particularly problematic when one considers that there are several features of dyadic relationships within work units that—by their nature—work against the facilitation of fair treatment (e.g., supervisors inevitably provide some employees more/less information, support, and attention than others because they cannot establish high-quality exchange relationships with every employee). Drawing from common threads found in theories of fairness and role theory surrounding expectation alignment, we posit that the key to facilitating views of fair treatment at any level of relationship quality is for supervisors and employees to “see eye to eye” on LMX quality-LMX agreement. We further theorize that each party’s views of fair treatment flowing from LMX agreement (within the dyad) will ultimately result in leaders being more efficacious about their fairness-related abilities and employees performing at higher levels (beyond the dyad). Results of three field studies (and two supplemental preregistered experiments) largely support our theorizing and further show that fair treatment can result in a self-reinforcing positive fairness-efficacy spiral for supervisors.

Funding: This research was partially funded by the University of Georgia's Institute for Leadership Advancement Research Scholar Award.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.15475 .
O SENHOR DAS MEMÓRIAS: LEMBRANÇAS, IDENTIDADES E ESQUECIMENTOS EM J. R. R. TOLKIEN
Authors: Pavani Roney Marcos
Published: April 2024

Neste trabalho, procuramos analisar a obra fantástica de J. R. R. Tolkien (1892-1973) como um produto de suas experiências e de suas memórias pessoais. As lembranças e os traumas estão ali, mas em um estado plasmático, já que na modernidade, em especial no Pós-Primeira Guerra e em tudo o que ela representou, é difícil transmitir experiências claras. No caso de The Lord of the Rings, suas ideias podem se relacionar a, pelo menos, três memórias de seu autor: a do soldado que sobreviveu às trincheiras, a despeito da perda de seus amigos; ao jovem que, junto a esses mesmos amigos, vasculhava o passado mitológico em busca das origens de seu povo; à criança que cresceu em um lar onde se lia e se ouvia histórias fantásticas e contos folclóricos. Para levar a cabo tudo o que escreveu, Tolkien, assim como tantos outros escritores, sofreu os efeitos de uma profunda mudança na relação entre passado e presente. O futuro, diferentemente do que apregoava o velho sonho iluminista do século XVIII, não parece ser belo e pródigo, mas sombrio e apavorante. Daí o recurso ao passado pré-moderno, não urbano e não industrial, como um instrumento para dar sentido às coisas. Esse sentido não viria por meio de um constructo alegórico, com correspondências explícitas no mundo real, e sim um produto final gerado a partir de uma atmosfera de ideias, formada por memórias e, sobretudo, por esquecimentos.
RECONFIGURAÇÃO DO INSÓLITO FICCIONAL E DO ARQUÉTIPO DO ZUMBI NO CONTO “CARNE” E DE MARIANA ENRIQUEZ (2017)
Authors: Suleiman das Dores Giovanna , Correia Fernanda
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho visa refletir a respeito da construção e atualização do insólito ficcional no conto “Carne”, parte integrante da obra Los peligros de fumar en la cama (2017) da autora argentina Mariana Enriquez. A discussão foi desenvolvida com o intuito de discorrer a respeito da organização do insólito ficcional em paralelo com a construção do horror no desenvolvimento do conto, tendo em vista que o conto reflete um fantástico contemporâneo sem abandonar questões essenciais do fantástico tradicional e reconstrói a imagem do arquétipo de zumbi. A pesquisa caminha sob o ponto de vista do fantástico e do insólito tradicional do filósofo e linguista búlgaro, Tzvetan Todorov (2010) em sua obra Introdução à literatura fantástica, e do insólito contemporâneo sob o ponto de vista do escritor e crítico literário espanhol, David Roas (2013) em sua obra A ameaça do fantástica. O horror será tratado sob o ponto de vista do teórico Noel Carroll (2004) em sua obra The philosophy of horror, que propõe como o horror é modalizado dentro das obras e o zumbi será discutido sob o ponto de visto de Deborah Christie (2011) em sua obra Better Off Dead: The evolution of the zombie as post-human.  Em face desse contexto, indagamos: Como o insólito é construído ao longo do conto? Quais os recursos narrativos utilizados para a construção do insólito e do horror? Como o arquétipo do zumbi foi reconfigurado? E, por fim: como o arquétipo do zumbi é configurado a partir da relação contemporânea entre fãs e seus objetos de fã, especialmente com a mediação das mídias digitais?
RECONFIGURING ARTHUR: THE ARTHURIAN LEGEND AS PALIMPSEST IN GUY RITCHIE’S KING ARTHUR: THE LEGEND OF THE SWORD (2017)
Authors: Martins Ana Rita , Marques Diana
Published: April 2024

The Middle Ages have been a source of interest to audiences around the world nearly since the period ended until modern times. While many themes, stories and characters have been reimagined and recreated, or, in other words, palimpsested, no other has held as much sway as King Arthur, ‘the once and future king’, around whom a constellation of equally celebrated characters aligned and remain as one of the most widely acknowledged medieval legacies in the modern world. Focusing on cinema in particular, this study aims at analysing one of the most recent film adaptations of the Arthurian legend to the big screen, King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (Dir. Guy Ritchie, 2017), to understand how films and audiences engage in the process of scraping, erasing, and re-writing Arthur in the twenty-first century.
Borg’s exertion scale did not coincide with ventilatory anaerobic threshold in atrial fibrillation patients with restored sinus rhythm after ablation
Authors: Nishimura Saori , Tanaka Ryou , Kamikawa Shigeshi , Waki Isao , Yamashita Daiki , Tabita Natsumi , Higashiya Shunichi , Yamaji Hirosuke , Murakami Takashi , Kusachi Shozo
Published: April 2024

The determination of precise exercise intensity is essential for effective exercise rehabilitation. The Borg rating of perceived exertion category ratio (CR) scale is utilized to prescribe an appropriate level of exertion intensity. A Borg CR of approximately 13 coincides with the ventilatory aerobic threshold (VAT). Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) exhibit various symptoms. We hypothesized that the workload at Borg CR13 (Borg CR13-Watt) differs from the workload at the VAT level (VAT-Watt) in AF patients with restored sinus rhythm (SR) following ablation. Accordingly, the relationship between Borg CR13-Watt and VAT-Watt was studied in patients with restored SR. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was performed at 101± 88 days after ablation in 150 patients using a bicycle ergometer. No adverse events were observed during CPET. Borg CR13-Watt was significantly higher than VAT-Watt (67.2± 27.8 Watt vs. 54.7± 17.6 Watt, P< 0.0001). Borg CR13-Watt showed significant linear regression with VAT-Watt (regression coefficient, 0.49, P< 0.01; correlation coefficient, 0.80, P< 0.01). Higher Borg CR13-Watt was associated with greater differences between Borg CR13-Watt and VAT-Watt (ΔWatt). The Bland–Altman plot showed nonconcordance between the two. Male sex, use of antiarrhythmic drugs, and smoking had contributed to the increased ΔWatt. Duration from ablation to time of CPET did not correlate with ΔWatt. Therefore, Borg CR13-Watt did not coincide with VAT-Watt in patients with restored SR. Higher Borg CR13-Watt was associated with greater ΔWatt. Prescribing exertion intensity as determined solely by perceived exertion is inadequate. CPET is required to determine the precise exercise intensity in AF patients with restored SR after ablation.
Physical activity level correlates with obesity-related factors, but not with fundamental movement skills in preschool children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: He Zheyu , Kang Suh-Jung
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to examine the differences in physical activity (PA) level, fundamental movement skill (FMS), and obesity-related factors in preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 426 preschool children aged 3–5 years. Participants were assigned to the low PA group (LPAG), moderate PA group (MPAG), and high PA group (HPAG) according to the total score obtained in the PA questionnaire for young children. FMS and obesity-related factors were also analyzed. PA was compared by age and sex, and FMS and obesity-related factors were compared between groups. Significant differences were found according to sex. Boys were more active than girls in the 3–4 years age group, but no significant differences were observed at the age of 5 years. LPAG showed lower FMS than MPAG and HPAG, although this was not statistically significant. However, body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, body fat, and muscle mass showed significant differences in terms of PA levels. Consideration of age and sex is crucial in promoting PA among preschoolers. Additionally, better obesity-related factors are associated with higher PA levels, and FMS may be a useful tool in evaluating health and fitness.
Community rectal pathology clinics could save the NHS millions
Authors: Hughes Ammara
Published: April 2024

Ammara Hughes looks at a new model of care for rectal medicine
Improving outcomes for patients with hard-to-heal wounds following adoption of the Wound Hygiene Protocol: real-world evidence
Authors: Torkington-Stokes Rachel , Moran Kate , Martinez Diego Sevilla , Granara Deborah Cesura , Metcalf Daniel Gary
Published: April 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the impact of a four-step biofilm-based wound care strategy, Wound Hygiene Protocol (WHP: cleanse, debride, refashion, and dress), on hard-to-heal wounds.

Method:

This was a prospective, real-world analysis of hard-to-heal wounds managed with the WHP that incorporated Aquacel Ag+ (Convatec Ltd., UK) dressings. Data were captured electronically between April 2021 and December 2022. The primary endpoint was change in wound volume from baseline to final assessment.

Results:

A total of 693 wounds in 669 patients (median patient age: 74 years) were included in the analysis with a median treatment time of 31 days. Most health professionals were general nurses (50%) or nurse practitioners (38%). Patient homes (27%) and community clinics (27%) were the most common clinical settings. Venous leg ulcers (26%) and pressure ulcers/injuries (17%) were the most common wound type. Duration was >12 months in 21% of wounds. At baseline, the mean wound volume was 57.8cm3. At the final assessment, mean wound volume was 17.2cm3, corresponding to an 80% reduction from baseline; p<0.001). At baseline, 66% of wounds were static or deteriorating. At final assessment, this had decreased to 5%, and 94% had improved or healed. Exudate levels were moderate or high in 69% of wounds at baseline which decreased to 25% at final assessment (p<0.001). Suspected biofilm and local wound infection decreased from 79% and 43%, respectively, at baseline, to 18% and 3%, respectively, at final assessment (p<0.001 for both).

Conclusion:

The WHP is a new proposed standard of care that successfully treated hard-to-heal wounds by addressing the key local barriers to wound healing.
Application of deep learning to pressure injury staging
Authors: Liu Han , Hu Juan , Zhou Jieying , Yu Rong
Published: April 2024

Objective:

Accurate assessment of pressure injuries (PIs) is necessary for a good outcome. Junior and non-specialist nurses have less experience with PIs and lack clinical practice, and so have difficulty staging them accurately. In this work, a deep learning-based system for PI staging and tissue classification is proposed to help improve its accuracy and efficiency in clinical practice, and save healthcare costs.

Method:

A total of 1610 cases of PI and their corresponding photographs were collected from clinical practice, and each sample was accurately staged and the tissues labelled by experts for training a Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research, Meta, US) object detection and instance segmentation network. A recognition system was set up to automatically stage and classify the tissues of the remotely uploaded PI photographs.

Results:

On a test set of 100 samples, the average precision of this model for stage recognition reached 0.603, which exceeded that of the medical personnel involved in the comparative evaluation, including an enterostomal therapist.

Conclusion:

In this study, the deep learning–based PI staging system achieved the evaluation performance of a nurse with professional training in wound care. This low-cost system could help overcome the difficulty of identifying PIs by junior and non-specialist nurses, and provide valuable auxiliary clinical information.
A rare presentation of Rosai–Dorfman–Destombes disease with central nervous system involvement and cutaneous wounds
Authors: Workman Lauren , Fang Lauren , Ayoub Samar , Bach Karen , Simman Richard
Published: April 2024

Objective:

The aim of this case report is to investigate an uncommon presentation of Rosai–Dorfman–Destombes (RDD) disease, and discuss possible differential diagnoses and treatment options for this pathology. RDD is a rare disorder of histiocytes that typically presents in patients as painless cervical lymphadenopathy. However, this case involves a patient with the central nervous system (CNS) type of RDD who later developed cutaneous lesions.

Method:

Several differential diagnoses were examined, including hidradenitis suppurativa, pilonidal cyst and pressure ulcers. It is important to be able to exclude these diagnoses based on the presentation, patient demographic and wound location.

Results:

Biopsies verified the presence of RDD in the patient's suprasellar hypothalamic mass and skin lesions, confirming the patient had both CNS-RDD and cutaneous-RDD in the absence of lymphadenopathy.

Conclusion:

Recognising the unique manifestations of rare diseases such as RDD prevents delay of proper intervention and treatment.
Difficulties and Psychological Experiences of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lupo Roberto , Vitale Elsa , Capone Maria Teresa , Lezzi Alessia , Petrelli Cosimo , Rubbi Ivan , Spedicato Riccardo , Lezzi Pierluigi , Zacchino Simone , Calabrò Antonino , Leone Carlotta Paola , Conte Luana , Carriero Maria Chiara
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders are brain development disorders with multifactorial etiology, identified by difficulties in communication and social interrelation, like recurrent and stereotyped attitudes, activities, and interests. Families with children with developmental disorders may experience more difficulties than families with children without disorders. Therefore there is a need Finding ways to reduce or manage parental stress for improve the family's quality of life through the evaluation of the causes. This study aims to analyze the difficulties experienced by caregivers and the perceived inclusion and inclusion of parents and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) within the social fabric, thereby examining the difficulties parents face in daily life.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted online through snowball sampling until data saturation from November 2020 - March 2023, through the administration of an online questionnaire made through a Google form and disseminated through social media. Data analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Software version 17.
Results: 404 parents of children with ASD 94.8% of whom are mothers with an average age of 40.23 years. The prevalence of parents correctly defined autism as "a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication, limited interests, and repetitive behaviors". At final diagnosis, the study results reported for 87.9% of parents sadness and grief at diagnosis, followed by fear (83.9%).
Conclusions: Research in this area is critical as it can assist health care providers and scholars in understanding the unique issues parents face in raising a child with ASD, as well as support parents themselves in identifying factors that contribute to their stress level in order to take the right steps to reduce it and improve their overall well-being.
Previously undiagnosed Morgagni hernia with bowel perforation detected during repeat screening colonoscopy: A case report
Authors: Al Alawi Said , Barkun Alan N , Najmeh Sara
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Morgagni hernia (MH) is a form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) characterized by an incomplete formation of diaphragm, resulting in the protrusion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. The estimated incidence of CDH is between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 5000 live births, although the true incidence is unknown. MH typically presents in childhood and can be diagnosed either prenatally or postnatally. However, it can also be asymptomatic and carry the risk of developing into a life-threatening condition in adulthood.

CASE SUMMARY

A 76-year-old female with no history of prior abdominal surgeries presented for an elective colonoscopy for polyp surveillance. During the procedure, when approaching the hepatic flexure, the scope could not be advanced further despite multiple attempts. The patient experienced mild abdominal discomfort, leading to the abortion of the procedure. While in the recovery area, she developed increasing abdominal pains and hypotension. Urgent abdominal imaging revealed herniation of the proximal transverse colon through a MH into the chest with evidence of perforation. The patient underwent laparoscopic urgent colonic resection and primary hernia repair and was discharged uneventfully 2 d later.

CONCLUSION

A MH is a rare condition in adults that can present as a life-threatening complication of colonoscopy, even in patients with a history of uneventful colonoscopies. This case highlights the importance of considering congenital and internal hernias when faced with sudden and unexplained difficulties during colonoscopy. If there is a suspicion of MH, the endoscopist should halt the procedure and immediately obtain abdominal imaging to confirm the diagnosis.
Coexistence of liver abscess, hepatic cystic echinococcosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Hu Ya-Wen , Zhao Yi-Lin , Yan Jing-Xin , Ma Cun-Kai
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a life-threatening zoonosis caused by the Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. The coexistence of CE and HCC is exceedingly rare, and only several well-documented cases have been reported. In addition to this coexistence, there is no report of the coexistence of CE, HCC, and liver abscess to date. Herein, we aimed to report a case of coexistence of liver abscess, hepatic CE, and HCC.

CASE SUMMARY

A 65-year-old herdsman presented to the department of interventional therapy with jaundice, right upper abdominal distension and pain for 10 d. Laboratory test showed that he had positive results for HBsAg, HBeAb, HBcAb, and echinococcosis IgG antibody. The test also showed an increased level of alpha fetoprotein of 3400 ng/mL. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an uneven enhanced lesion of the liver at the arterial phase with enhancement and was located S4/8 segment of the liver. In addition, CT scan also revealed a mass in the S6 segment of the liver with a thick calcified wall and according to current guideline and medical images, the diagnoses of hepatic CE (CE4 subtype) and HCC were established. Initially, transarterial chemoembolization was performed for HCC. In the follow-up, liver abscess occurred in addition to CE and HCC; thus, percutaneous liver puncture drainage was performed. In the next follow-up, CE and HCC were stable. The liver abscess was completely resolved, and the patient was discharged with no evidence of recurrence.

CONCLUSION

This is the first reported case on the coexistence of liver abscess, hepatic CE, and HCC. Individualized treatment and multidisciplinary discussions should be performed in this setting. Therefore, treatment and diagnosis should be based on the characteristics of liver abscess, hepatic CE, and HCC, and in future clinical work, it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of this complex composition of liver diseases.
Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic repair of adult right-sided Bochdalek hernia with massive liver prolapse: A case report
Authors: Mikami Shinya , Kimura Sae , Tsukamoto Yoshitsugu , Hiwatari Masaki , Hisatsune Yasuhito , Fukuoka Asako , Matsushita Tsunehisa , Enomoto Takeharu , Otsubo Takehito
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

A Bochdalek hernia (BH) is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia that often develops in the neonatal period. BH typically occurs on the left side of the diaphragm. A right-sided BH in an adult is rare.

CASE SUMMARY

A 45-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow seen on chest radiography during a medical check-up. A chest radiograph showed elevation of the right hemidiaphragm. Computed tomography showed prolapse of multiple intraabdominal organs into the right thoracic cavity, corresponding to a right-sided BH. The herniated contents included the stomach, transverse colon, and left lobe of the liver. The left lobe of the liver was enlarged, particularly the medial segment. Laparoscopic surgery was performed. However, the left lobe of the liver was completely trapped in the thoracic cavity. Therefore, thoracoscopic manipulation had to be performed to return the liver to the abdominal cavity. The hernia was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures and reinforced with mesh.

CONCLUSION

Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery was successfully performed for right-sided BH with massive liver prolapse and abnormal liver morphology.
A COBERTURA DA PONTE JORNALISMO SOBRE O ASSASSINATO DE GENIVALDO SANTOS
Authors: Maia Marta , Mendonça Pedro
Published: April 2024

Neste estudo, analisamos a cobertura jornalística do assassinato de Genivaldo de Jesus Santos em 2022, perpetrado por agentes da Polícia Rodoviária Federal. Examinamos a configuração das narrativas jornalísticas testemunhais da Ponte Jornalismo, que tem como foco principal a cobertura da violência de estado, questões raciais, de gênero e direitos humanos no Brasil. Abordamos ainda o fenômeno do racismo estrutural, e como a Ponte cobriu o ocorrido por meio de um protocolo metodológico que aborda a individuação do acontecimento, que destacou o racismo estrutural vigente no país.
A COMUNICAÇÃO DO AGRONEGÓCIO BRASILEIRO SE POSICIONA COMO GREENWASIHING?
Authors: Bazanini Roberto , Minuzzi Vilanova Miguel Eugenio , De Farias Alexandre Garcia , Machado Júnior Celso , Deus Deu Márcia Eleane Braghini
Published: April 2024

Este artigo discute como a retórica multimodal encobre a disseminação de Fake News na forma de Greenwashing nos discursos de sustentabilidade do agronegócio. O levantamento realizado apontou que o setor por meio de alegações cativantes implícitas em uma retórica apoiada em universais abstratos camuflam as práticas efetivamente empregadas como responsabilidade social corporativa.  Ao final da pesquisa são apresentados três pressupostos básicos que abordam as estratégias de desinformação do agronegócio em oposição aos princípios do Manifesto de Davos e às metas da Agenda ONU 2030.
O CÂNCER INFANTIL NUM ADULTO INCIPIENTE: ANÁLISE EMPÁTICA POR NARRATIVA DE VIDA E PEÇA POÉTICA
Authors: Ferreira José Carlos Malafaia , Rodrigues Garcia Rosamaria
Published: April 2024

A adolescência é uma fase de crescimento emocional, intelectual e físico, onde o acometimento por uma moléstia grave e ameaçadora da vida, como um câncer, pode torná-la mais turbulenta. Surgem novos medos e angústias, principalmente o medo da finitude. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma peça poética elaborada a partir da narrativa de vida de uma adolescente com câncer, coletada em um ambulatório de Oncologia, por meio da anamnese ampliada. A narrativa revela aspectos velados da doença, conflitos pessoais e familiares e as dificuldades e desafios no enfrentamento da doença ameaçadora da vida, sendo importante ferramenta para os profissionais de saúde, bem como para o processo de ensino aprendizagem.
Increase in dental hygienists’ competency and self-directed capacity after capstone-designed class on community dental hygiene
Authors: Sim Seon-Ju , Lee Sun-Mi
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to verify the effect on students’ competency and self-directed capacity after a capstone-designed teaching method with community dental hygiene class. Methods: The study participants were 34 dental hygiene students taking a 4-year community dental hygiene course at a university located in City C. The research tool consisted of 52 questions on major competency and 20 questions on self-directed capacity. Results: After the capstone design class, overall dental hygienists’ competency increased (p<0.05), and competencies of clinical dental hygiene and community health promotion showed a high increase (p<0.001). As a result of analyzing the increase in dental hygienists’ competency according to self-directed learning ability, the group with low self-directed capacity showed high improvement in clinical dental hygiene competency and community oral health promotion competency. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the capstone-designed community dental hygiene class improved students’ competency and self-directed capacity, and suggests that it is an excellent teaching method for training competencies required for future society.
Auxiliary management and control channel aided crosstalk online monitoring in multi-core fibers
Authors: Zhuang Wen , Tan Zhongwei , Bo Tianwai , Zhao Xuesong , Dong Yi
Published: April 2024

As a stochastic perturbation, the inter-core crosstalk (IC-XT) severely distorts the signal in multi-core fibers (MCF), especially for long-haul transmission. How to quickly measure and monitor the IC-XT online for an MCF-based space division multiplexing (SDM) system is of special importance. In this paper, we introduce the technology of auxiliary management and control channel (AMCC) to online monitor the IC-XT of MCF, in which the unique advantage of low-frequency auxiliary management and control signal is fully utilized with the limited influence on high-speed data transmission. Specifically, two orthogonal sequences are chosen as monitoring signals for the signal-channel core and the crosstalk-channel core, respectively, followed by digital signal processing (DSP) for the received signal to evaluate the real-time crosstalk accurately. The experimental verifications of XT online monitoring confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method with very small monitoring error (mostly < 0.5 dB) for both heterodyne XT and homodyne XT in the C and L bands, showing its great potential for future SDM systems.
Single-shot inline holography using a physics-aware diffusion model: errata
Authors: Zhang Yunping , Liu Xihui , Lam Edmund Y.
Published: April 2024

We present an erratum to our paper [Opt. Express 32, 10444 (2024)10.1364/OE.517233]. This erratum aims to address an unintentional error in the methodology presented in Part 3.1. The error may lead to confusion among readers, and we provide additional clarification to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the technique. It is important to note that these corrections do not affect the results or conclusions of the original work.
Customizable polarization-selective narrowband meta-filters using a printable UV-curing nanocomposite
Authors: Li Yang , Li Yan , Liu Shujing , Wang Jingru , Zhao Zejia , Khan Adnan , Feng Ming , Song Feng
Published: April 2024

Low-cost nanocomposite metasurfaces have demonstrated attractive potential to replace the equivalent dielectric metasurfaces for light engineering. However, the resonance characteristics of embedded structures in nanocomposite metasurfaces have not been further analyzed beyond the effective refractive index. Herein, we have proposed customizable polarization-selective narrowband meta-filters using ultraviolet-curable (UV) nanocomposites. As an additional degree of freedom, near-field effects between highly concentrated doped nanoparticles can enhance the Mie resonance of the low aspect ratio (AR = 0.2) meta-units. The surface lattice resonances (SLRs) of meta-filters can be coupled with enhanced Mie resonances of individual meta-units to realize tunable narrowband (FWHM ∼0.007λ) reflections with intensities near unity. Meanwhile, the polarization-selective properties of the reflection peaks can be tuned by optimizing the asymmetric lattice. Such proposed new-generation customizable meta-filters will offer, to our knowledge, novel strategies for filtering specific near-infrared polarized fluorescence in the integrated imaging systems.
Enhancement of silicon vacancy fluorescence intensity in silicon carbide using a dielectric cavity
Authors: Hu Qi-Cheng , Xu Ji , Luo Qin-Yue , Hu Hai-Bo , Guo Pei-Jie , Liu Cheng-Ying , Zhao Shuang , Zhou Yu , Wang Jun-Feng
Published: April 2024

Over the past decades, spin qubits in silicon carbide (SiC) have emerged as promising platforms for a wide range of quantum technologies. The fluorescence intensity holds significant importance in the performance of quantum photonics, quantum information process, and sensitivity of quantum sensing. In this work, a dual-layer Au/SiO2 dielectric cavity is employed to enhance the fluorescence intensity of a shallow silicon vacancy ensemble in 4H-SiC. Experimental results demonstrate an effective fourfold augmentation in fluorescence counts at saturating laser power, corroborating our theoretical predictions. Based on this, we further investigate the influence of dielectric cavities on the contrast and linewidth of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). There is a 1.6-fold improvement in magnetic field sensitivity. In spin echo experiments, coherence times remain constant regardless of the thickness of dielectric cavities. These experiments pave the way for broader applications of dielectric cavities in SiC-based quantum technologies.
Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool
Authors: Oliveira Sandro C. , Soares Maria S. , Gonçalves Bárbara V. , Rodrigues Andreia C. M. , Soares Amadeu M. V. M. , Sobral Rita G. , Santos Nuno F. , Nedoma Jan , Almeida Pedro L. , Marques Carlos
Published: April 2024

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses, and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized laboratories. There is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap, fast, and direct monitoring at the site of interest. Thus, in this work, we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of E. coli, based on liquid crystal technology, whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they experience. Each glass substrate was functionalized with anti-E. coli antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate, and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using DMOAP during functionalization. The presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers, measured using a polarized optical microscope and a monochromator. It was possible to detect E. coli in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×109  cells/mL. Selectivity was also evaluated, and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples. A prototype was developed to allow faster, in-situ, and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.
Ensemble learning and ground-truth validation of synaptic connectivity inferred from spike trains
Authors: Donner Christian , Bartram Julian , Hornauer Philipp , Kim Taehoon , Roqueiro Damian , Hierlemann Andreas , Obozinski Guillaume , Schröter Manuel
Published: April 2024

Probing the architecture of neuronal circuits and the principles that underlie their functional organization remains an important challenge of modern neurosciences. This holds true, in particular, for the inference of neuronal connectivity from large-scale extracellular recordings. Despite the popularity of this approach and a number of elaborate methods to reconstruct networks, the degree to which synaptic connections can be reconstructed from spike-train recordings alone remains controversial. Here, we provide a framework to probe and compare connectivity inference algorithms, using a combination of synthetic ground-truth and in vitro data sets, where the connectivity labels were obtained from simultaneous high-density microelectrode array (HD-MEA) and patch-clamp recordings. We find that reconstruction performance critically depends on the regularity of the recorded spontaneous activity, i.e., their dynamical regime, the type of connectivity, and the amount of available spike-train data. We therefore introduce an ensemble artificial neural network (eANN) to improve connectivity inference. We train the eANN on the validated outputs of six established inference algorithms and show how it improves network reconstruction accuracy and robustness. Overall, the eANN demonstrated strong performance across different dynamical regimes, worked well on smaller datasets, and improved the detection of synaptic connectivity, especially inhibitory connections. Results indicated that the eANN also improved the topological characterization of neuronal networks. The presented methodology contributes to advancing the performance of inference algorithms and facilitates our understanding of how neuronal activity relates to synaptic connectivity.
A novel hypergraph model for identifying and prioritizing personalized drivers in cancer
Authors: Zhang Naiqian , Ma Fubin , Guo Dong , Pang Yuxuan , Wang Chenye , Zhang Yusen , Zheng Xiaoqi , Wang Mingyi
Published: April 2024

Cancer development is driven by an accumulation of a small number of driver genetic mutations that confer the selective growth advantage to the cell, while most passenger mutations do not contribute to tumor progression. The identification of these driver genes responsible for tumorigenesis is a crucial step in designing effective cancer treatments. Although many computational methods have been developed with this purpose, the majority of existing methods solely provided a single driver gene list for the entire cohort of patients, ignoring the high heterogeneity of driver events across patients. It remains challenging to identify the personalized driver genes. Here, we propose a novel method (PDRWH), which aims to prioritize the mutated genes of a single patient based on their impact on the abnormal expression of downstream genes across a group of patients who share the co-mutation genes and similar gene expression profiles. The wide experimental results on 16 cancer datasets from TCGA showed that PDRWH excels in identifying known general driver genes and tumor-specific drivers. In the comparative testing across five cancer types, PDRWH outperformed existing individual-level methods as well as cohort-level methods. Our results also demonstrated that PDRWH could identify both common and rare drivers. The personalized driver profiles could improve tumor stratification, providing new insights into understanding tumor heterogeneity and taking a further step toward personalized treatment. We also validated one of our predicted novel personalized driver genes on tumor cell proliferation by vitro cell-based assays, the promoting effect of the high expression of Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) on tumor cell proliferation.
Psychosocial impact of surgical complications and the coping mechanisms among surgeons in Uganda and Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Sikakulya Franck Katembo , Muhumuza Joshua , Vivalya Bives Mutume Nzanzu , Mambo Simon Binezero , Kamabu Larrey Kasereka , Muteke John Kasereka , Lussy Justin Paluku , Ilumbulumbu Michel Kalongo , Emmanuel Tapem , Kiyaka Sonye Magugu , Kavuyiro Alpha , Mukandirwa Claude , Lekuya Hervé Monka , Vahwere Bienfait Mumbere , Francis Okedi Xaviour , Masumbuko Claude Kasereka
Published: April 2024

We aimed to assess the psychosocial impact from postoperative complications on the surgical workforce and the coping mechanisms they use following these complications in Uganda and Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This was a cross-sectional multi-center study conducted from first February 2022 to 31st March 2022 in the preselected main teaching hospitals of Uganda and Eastern DRC. We surveyed the surgical workforce (practicing surgeons, Obstetrician-Gynecologists, and residents in surgery/ Obstetrics-Gynecology) who had experienced postoperative complications in their career. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23. One hundred ninety-eight participants responded to the questionnaire. Worry about patient and reputation were the commonest psychological impacts in 54.0% and 45.5% of the participants respectively. Majority of the participants (55.1%) used positive coping mechanisms with a positive impact on their practice (94.4%). Being a female doctor (AOR = 2.637, CI 1.065–6.533, P = 0.036), worrying about reputation (AOR = 3.057, CI = 1.573–5.939, P = 0.001) and guilt after a complication (AOR = 4.417, CI = 2.253–8.659, P = <0.001) were predictors of a negative coping mechanism. Postoperative surgical complications continue to cause a huge psychological impact on the operating doctors in Uganda and the Eastern DRC. Female doctors, those that worry about the reputation and those that feel guilty following a complication should be given more support and guidance by peers when surgical complications occur to their patients.
Treatment strategies for stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: A SEER-based population study
Authors: Wu Bo , Zhang Xiang , Feng Nan , Hu Zhuozheng , Wu Jiajun , Zhou Weijun , Wei Yiping , Zhang Wenxiong , Wang Kang
Published: April 2024

Background

There are various therapeutic methods for treating stage IA (T1N0M0) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but no studies have systematically assessed multiple treatments to determine the most effective therapy.

Methods

Stage IA NSCLC patient data collected between 2004 and 2018 were gathered from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Treatment modalities included observation, chemotherapy alone (CA), radiation alone (RA), radiation+chemotherapy (RC), surgery alone (SA), surgery+chemotherapy (SC), surgery+radiation (SR) and surgery+radiation+chemotherapy (SRC). Comparisons were made of overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) among patients based on different therapeutic methods by survival analysis.

Results

Ultimately, 89147 patients with stage IA NSCLC between 2004 and 2018 were enrolled in this study. The order of multiple treatment modalities based on the hazard ratio (HR) for OS for the entire cohort revealed the following results: SA (HR: 0.20), SC (HR: 0.25), SR (HR: 0.42), SRC (HR: 0.46), RA (HR: 0.56), RC (HR: 0.72), CA (HR: 0.91) (P<0.001), and observation (HR: Ref). The SA group had the best OS and LCSS, and similar results were found in most subgroup analyses (all P<0.001). The order of surgical modalities based on the HR for OS for the entire cohort revealed the following results: lobectomy (HR: 0.32), segmentectomy (HR: 0.41), wedge resection (HR: 0.52) and local tumor destruction (HR: Ref). Lobectomy had the best effects on OS and LCSS, and similar results were found in all subgroup analyses (all P<0.001).

Conclusion

SA appeared to be the optimal treatment modality for patients with stage IA NSCLC, and lobectomy was associated with the best prognosis. There may be some indication and selection bias in our study, and the results of this study should be confirmed in a prospective study.
Polyaminated, acetylated and stop codon readthrough of recombinant Francisella tularensis universal stress protein in Escherichia coli
Authors: Girardo Benjamin , Schopfer Lawrence M. , Yue Yinshi , Lockridge Oksana , Larson Marilynn A.
Published: April 2024

Recombinant Francisella tularensis universal stress protein with a C-terminal histidine-tag (rUsp/His6) was expressed in Escherichia coli. Endogenous F. tularensis Usp has a predicted molecular mass of 30 kDa, but rUsp/His6 had an apparent molecular weight of 33 kDa based on Western blot analyses. To determine the source of the higher molecular weight for rUsp/His6, post translational modifications were examined. Tryptic peptides of purified rUsp/His6 were subjected to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and fragmentation spectra were searched for acetylated lysines and polyaminated glutamines. Of the 24 lysines in rUsp/His6, 10 were acetylated (K63, K68, K72, K129, K175, K201, K208, K212, K233, and K238) and three of the four glutamines had putrescine, spermidine and spermine adducts (Q55, Q60 and Q267). The level of post-translational modification was substoichiometric, eliminating the possibility that these modifications were the sole contributor to the 3 kDa extra mass of rUsp/His6. LC-MS/MS revealed that stop codon readthrough had occurred resulting in the unexpected addition of 20 extra amino acids at the C-terminus of rUsp/His6, after the histidine tag. Further, the finding of polyaminated glutamines in rUsp/His6 indicated that E. coli is capable of transglutaminase activity.
Structural characterization of two nanobodies targeting the ligand-binding pocket of human Arc
Authors: Godoy Muñoz José M. , Neset Lasse , Markússon Sigurbjörn , Weber Sarah , Krokengen Oda C. , Sutinen Aleksi , Christakou Eleni , Lopez Andrea J. , Bramham Clive R. , Kursula Petri
Published: April 2024

The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is a complex regulator of synaptic plasticity in glutamatergic neurons. Understanding its molecular function is key to elucidate the neurobiology of memory and learning, stress regulation, and multiple neurological and psychiatric diseases. The recent development of anti-Arc nanobodies has promoted the characterization of the molecular structure and function of Arc. This study aimed to validate two anti-Arc nanobodies, E5 and H11, as selective modulators of the human Arc N-lobe (Arc-NL), a domain that mediates several molecular functions of Arc through its peptide ligand binding site. The structural characteristics of recombinant Arc-NL-nanobody complexes were solved at atomic resolution using X-ray crystallography. Both anti-Arc nanobodies bind specifically to the multi-peptide binding site of Arc-NL. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the Arc-NL-nanobody interactions occur at nanomolar affinity, and that the nanobodies can displace a TARPγ2-derived peptide from the binding site. Thus, both anti-Arc-NL nanobodies could be used as competitive inhibitors of endogenous Arc ligands. Differences in the CDR3 loops between the two nanobodies indicate that the spectrum of short linear motifs recognized by the Arc-NL should be expanded. We provide a robust biochemical background to support the use of anti-Arc nanobodies in attempts to target Arc-dependent synaptic plasticity. Function-blocking anti-Arc nanobodies could eventually help unravel the complex neurobiology of synaptic plasticity and allow to develop diagnostic and treatment tools.
Socio-cognitive mindfulness in nursing: A scoping review
Authors: Lee Mikyoung , Park Hyunyoung
Published: April 2024

Background

While research on meditative mindfulness in nursing is abundant, research on socio-cognitive mindfulness is in its early stages despite its potential advantages to nursing practice and nursing education. This study introduces the under-examined concept of socio-cognitive mindfulness to the nursing field.

Objective

To identify what is known in the research field of socio-cognitive mindfulness in nursing. Specific aims were to identify the effects of socio-cognitive mindfulness on nurses and nursing students, and the application of socio-cognitive mindfulness interventions and their effectiveness in nursing.

Design

A scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework.

Methods

An electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, ERIC, and ProQuest databases was conducted. The search included full-text papers published in peer-reviewed journals in English. The included studies were independently examined by the two authors to ensure the thorough inclusion of relevant research by screening of titles and abstracts and screening of full-texts. The selected papers were categorized based on the specific objectives of the review.

Results

Out of 5,798 papers, six quantitative studies and one mixed method study were included in the review. Among the seven studies, two studies investigated the effects of socio-cognitive mindfulness on nurses, four examined the effects of socio-cognitive mindfulness on nursing students, and one conducted an intervention study applying socio-cognitive mindfulness and identified its effects on nurses. The findings revealed several benefits of applying socio-cognitive mindfulness to nursing practice and nursing education. Specifically, socio-cognitive mindfulness enhanced nurses’ and nursing students’ positive emotions and effective emotion regulation, which would positively influence nurses’ nursing performance as well as students’ academic outcomes and quality of college life.

Conclusions

This study raises researchers’ awareness of the significance of socio-cognitive mindfulness in nursing, and strongly recommends applying socio-cognitive mindfulness to nursing practice and nursing education and evaluating its effects.
Eco-friendly hotels and guesthouses as a new opportunity for resilience and sustainability: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Authors: Vrabcová Pavla , Scholz Petr , Linderová Ivica , Kotoučková Hana
Published: April 2024

The economic recovery of the tourism industry after the Covid-19 pandemic to find modern and efficient trends to increase profitability is accompanied by the adoption of comprehensive accommodation approaches towards resilience and environmental sustainability. The research aims at the application of environmental management elements and measures in all types of accommodation facilities in the Czech Republic (n1 = 1,016). A qualitative focus group method complemented the quantitative research using correspondence analysis, Levene’s, Kruskal-Wallis, and Tukey’s HSD tests (n2 = 9 + moderator). The results indicate that the differences in the number of environmental measures implemented were minimal for the monitored hotels and guesthouses. On the other hand, the star rating of accommodation facilities is not a key parameter in the environmental impact assessment. The most used environmental measures were devices reducing electricity consumption (hotels 94%, guesthouses 94%), separating waste (hotels 88%, guesthouses 89%), and water consumption reduction (hotels 85%, guesthouses 86%). At the same time, the most minor used were measures reducing chemical consumption (hotels 23%, guesthouses 22%) communication and environmental education of employees and guests (hotels 32%, guesthouses 18%).