bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longslit spectroscopy of the peculiar Seyfert 2 galaxy HRG 10103
Authors: Poppe Paulo C.R. , Martin Vera A.F. , Faúndez-Abans Max , De Oliveira-Abans Mariângela , De Fernandes Iranderly F.
Published: November 2021

We present the rst optical longslit spectroscopy for the galaxy HRG 10103, an Sa(r) type peculiar galaxy seen face-on with an asymmetrical elliptical structure. The main goal of this work is to provide the spectral classication of the current object using the `traditional' diagnostic diagrams. However, we also present a diagnostic involving the known emission line ratio R23, usually used to estimate the O/H abundance ratio. The idea is to make a better distinction between the narrow-line AGNs and the H II galaxies. The spectra were obtained in two observatories (OPD-LNA/MCT and Gemini-South) and includes some of the most important emission lines for ionization diagnostic. Based on the observed spectra, HRG 10103 is a Seyfert 2 galaxy with typical line-ratios values in the optical range. We have estimated nuclear redshift of z = 0.039. The resulting reddening values as a function of distance from the nucleus are presented too. The errors in the  fluxes were mostly caused by uncertainties in the placement of the continuum level. The rotation curve is typical of spiral disks, rising shallowly and  attening at an observed amplitude of about 200 km s^(-1). Some other physical parameters have been derived whenever possible. The spectroscopic data reduction was carried out using the GEMINI.GMOS package as well as the standard IRAF procedures.
Longslit spectroscopy of the starburst galaxy HRG 02401
Authors: Martin Vera A.F. , Poppe Paulo C.R. , Faúndez-Abans Max , De Oliveira-Abans Mariângela , De Fernandes Iranderly F.
Published: November 2021

We investigate in detail the kinematics and morphology of the starburst galaxy HRG 02401. Our observational data were obtained at the 1.6-m OPD/LNA-MCT telescope with longslit spectroscopy. The original image has been enhanced to highlight some substructures and it has shown that HRG 02401 is in phase of active merging with a companion galaxy. The resulting tidal perturbations may have induced the apparent two-armed spiral pattern and driven a substantial fraction of disc gas inwards. We have been able to study the detailed picture of ionized gas motions up to galactocentric distances of 11 kpc and to construct the stellar velocity field for the inner region. Although the optical ring is quite narrow, H(alpha) emission is observed all the way through the center of the galaxy, indicating the presence of an extended gaseous disk. We have estimated nuclear redshift of z = 0.017, corresponding to a heliocentric velocity of 5,206 \pm 13.01 km s(-1). The errors in the  fluxes were mostly caused by uncertainties in the placement of the continuum level. Some other physical parameters have been derived whenever possible. All spectra were reduced and analyzed in a homogeneous way with the standard IRAF procedures.
Física Quântica no Espaço de Fase
Authors: Amorim R.G.G.
Published: November 2021

Apresentamos neste trabalho uma revisão bibliográfica sobre Física Quântica no Espaço de Fase. Neste contexto, enfatizamos o método da função de Wigner, que apresenta aplicações em diversas áreas, ao tempo em que demonstramos a importância do mesmo nos estudos das conexões entre as mecânicas quântica e clássica. Nesse sentido, estudamos as propriedades da função de Wigner, definimos o produto-estrela e verificamos algumas de suas propriedades. Ainda no contexto do espaço de fase, apresentamos outras funções distribuições, destacando o papel da função de Husimi.
“O QUE ME DÓI É VER AS CRIANÇAS NAS CAÇAMBAS”
Authors: Vieira Ana Gabriela da Silva , Melgar Junior Eduardo Garralaga , Caetano Marcio
Published: November 2021

As situações emergenciais inauguradas com a pandemia de Covid-19 nos obrigaram a conjecturar sobre as dinâmicas de sociabilidades e os modos como elas se constituem na vida em meio à letalidade do vírus Sars-CoV-2 e das necropolíticas em curso no Brasil. Em várias cidades pelo país, a alternativa encontrada foi o ensino remoto e, em outras, dada a exclusão digital, as escolas instituíram práticas educativas possíveis com vista a manter os vínculos com as crianças. Com atenção a esse cenário, nosso objetivo é interrogar as experiências docentes, em contextos socioeconômicos desiguais que marcam a cidade de Pelotas, interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sobre o acesso de estudantes as tecnologias de ensino remoto ou práticas educativas possíveis propostas pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação e Deporto. Para isso, foram realizados diálogos informais com docentes e equipes pedagógicas diretivas, por meio de aplicativos de conversas instantâneas, a exemplo de WhatsApp, a fim de discutir suas experiências acerca do ensino remoto e das possibilidades no que diz respeito ao auxílio e manutenção de vínculo com as/os estudantes. As ponderações, balizadas nas contribuições de Michel Foucault, Judith Butler e Achille Mbembe expõem que a pandemia acentuou o drama vivido pelas populações empobrecidas, desnudando o cenário violento das necropolíticas neoliberais que desmantelaram as políticas sociais nos últimos anos.
RACISMO, EDUCAÇÃO E COVID-19
Authors: Frazão Érika Elizabeth Vieira , Stefenson Eleonora Abad , Silva Gustavo Junger da
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo se inscrever nas disputas políticas em torno de significações de escola/educação pública democrática contribuindo com reflexões acerca das possibilidades e desafios de se pensar e defender um ensino democrático no cenário pandêmico da Covid 19 e de crise política, que tem acentuado de forma exponencial as desigualdades sociais, econômicas e raciais existentes na sociedade brasileira. Devido ao panorama sanitário atual, diversas experiências de ensino remoto têm sido experimentadas pelas escolas, desdobrando-se em novas questões e readaptações para todo o sistema escolar. Neste artigo, analisaremos o ambiente de implementação do ensino remoto na educação básica, bem como delinear alguns dos novos desafios colocados a uma perspectiva de educação como prática libertária. Na primeira parte do texto, nos debruçamos sobre o conceito de democracia em diálogo com autores que o significam para além do campo do liberalismo político. Na segunda parte, apresentamos e analisamos os dados da PNAD Contínua TIC 2018.buscando compreender a realidade do país no momento pré-pandemia no que se refere às condições habitacionais, em particular de acesso à Internet, dos domicílios brasileiros imersos em um contexto de profundas desigualdades socioespaciais que marcam o território nacional. Por fim, analisamos a situação dos estudantes brasileiros no atual contexto e refletimos sobre possibilidades de práticas democráticas nas relações escolas-estudantes. Possibilidades que se constroem para além do acesso – contribuindo para a superação do passado colonial brasileiro e a construção de uma autêntica democracia racial.
DIFUSÃO DAS BOAS MANEIRAS UNIVERSAIS POR MEIO DOS MANUAIS DO PABAEE-INEP
Authors: Santos Márcia , Waschinevski Susane
Published: November 2021

Este estudo tem como proposta dialogar sobre a difusão das boas maneiras por meio de manuais de leitura e ensino, em especial nos manuais da “Coleção Biblioteca de Orientação da Professôra Primária” do Programa de Assistência Brasileiro-Americana ao Ensino Elementar (PABAEE-INEP), entre os anos de 1956-1964. No sentido de refletir sobre tais leituras inseridas como mecanismos de circulação e difusão de modos desejados para constituição de uma sociedade moderna, buscou-se vislumbrar interfaces entre os manuais da referida Coleção e manuais de autoria norte-americana, comercializados no Brasil no mesmo período, com vistas a evidenciar como a escolarização se inscreve em determinados projetos de sociedades e seu processo civilizador. Tal estudo buscou dialogar com pesquisas no campo da História da Educação, em especial a escolarização entrevista pelas relações entre os materiais de formação produzidos dentro e fora do âmbito escolar.
Proses Pelepasan Mora Pada Bahasa Jepang Dalam Novel Narcissu Karya Tomo Kataoka
Authors: Nusantara Hadiid Hideo , Rachmat Nandang , Ardiati Riza Lupi
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the Mora disspation process in Japanese language mainly exposed by looking at the mora in literature point of view. The object that being used is a novel called “Narcissu” by the Japanese Author, Tomo Kataoka. The purpose of writing this article is to describe the disipation in Mora in Japanese language written in the form of literature. The research method used in this research is descriptive method. In analyzing the data, the author use the reference theory based on Morphology byIori Isao. The use of theories help the author to get to the conclusion that in Japan’s daily conversation, the use of proper full mora in term of verb seldom been mention. The result of this studies show that the reason of the Mora dissipation in conversation is because of the implicitory in term of talking. In other words, it can be seen that Japanese language speaker often not using the proper word on their conversation mainly because there’s a mutual understandment in term of implicitory word that keep them talk with less word.
Noda Interpropositional Modality
Authors: Rini Elizabeth Ika Hesti Aprilia Nindia
Published: November 2021

Noda has an explanation function. The research aims to describe the structure and meaning of noda modality as interpropositional modalitiy. The data were obtained from Japanese website, such as asahi.com, ameba.jp, aozora.gr.jp, yourei.jp, and context.reverso.net. The data collection method in this research is the simak and catat method. Then, using qualitative descriptive method to analysis the structure and meaning of noda modality, while the agih method is used to find out noda modality.’s usage The data presentation stage use informal techniques. Based on data analysis, it is concluded that noda’s modality could be attached to verbs, i-adjectives, na-adjectives and nouns. Noda as an interpropositional modality has two types; “related types” (kankeidzuke) and “unrelated types”  (hikankeidzuke),  and each  types have  its meaning.
Kepercayaan Dan Praktik Shinto Dalam Anime Noragami
Authors: Desfiyadin Nugraha Brafangestu Candra , Hamidah Idah , Puspitasari Diana
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to describe beliefs and Shinto practices in the anime Noragami based on the concept of religion by Koentjaraningrat and references from Danamdjaja, Nadroh and Azmi. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the data collection technique used was a note-taking technique. The data used are dialogues and screenshots. The data analysis technique was carried out by analyzing the dialogue in the anime noragami related to beliefs or Shinto practices. Found three concepts of beliefs from the anime include beliefs in the existence of God, belief in the soul(spirit) of the dead, and belief in the evil spirit (ghost or monster). While Shinto rites were found, three practices include purification, offerings to gods and praying. The conclusions of this study about Japanese people’s beliefs contained in the anime Noragami in the form of supernatural and soul (spirit) concepts. For Shinto practices focus on purity, impurity and then ask God
Using Authentic Assessment to Measure Basic English Speaking Skill of Students Majoring in Japanese Study
Authors: Saputri Lenggahing Asri Dwi Eko
Published: November 2021

This study aims at describing the implementation of authentic assessment to measure Basic English speaking skill of students majoring in Japanese study. The description consists of three parts, namely designing the authentic assessment, implementing the authentic assessment and scoring students’ speaking skill. This study applies qualitative descriptive method. The data was collected through class observation. The result of the study revealed that authentic assessment was considered as the most effective way in assessing students’ performance in the classroom as its ability to assess the whole process of learning rather than just testing students’ knowledge at the end of the course. In conducting the authentic assessment to measure Basic English speaking skill of students majoring in Japanese study, the lecturer designed the authentic assessment based on the six steps suggested by Pierce and O’Malley (1996), implemented performance assessment to measure the students speaking skill and used analytic rubric in scoring the students speaking skill.
Kata Sapaan Sebagai Penanda Sosiolek Dalam Terjemahan Novel Burung-Burung Manyar Karya Yb. Mangunwijaya Oleh Megumi Funachi
Authors: Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the translation of greeting words in Indonesian to Japanese, especially greeting words as a mark of sociolect. The resources used in this study are the novel of Burung-Burung Manyar by Y.B Mangunwijaya and its translation, Arashi no Naka no Manyaru by Megumi Funachi. The data identified in this novel as much as 176 data but the author only analyze 48 data. The theory used in this study are greeting words theory from Harimurti Kridalaksana (1982) and Sociolinguistic theory from Sumarsono and Paina Partana (2002). The approach used in this study is a sociolinguistic approach with a qualitative descriptive method. The result of this study shows that social factors, gender, and age influence the use of greeting words as mark of sociolect.
Hakikat Nilai Dalam Sistem Pendidikan Keluarga Di Jepang
Authors: Sudarsih Sri
Published: November 2021

This study focuses on the family education system in Japan. Family education is very important because it becomes the basis for the formation of children's character. The purpose of this study is to describe the family education system in Japan and interpret it to find the nature of values in the system. This research is qualitative research related to the family education system in Japan. The family in this regard is a family that still instills values in the five basic relationships in the family. The method used is description and interpretation. The results achieved: traditional family education in Japan is able to shape the character of children who have strong personalities. A tough personality is a personality that is coveted by society and the state like the personality of a knight who always acts according to the norm. The values that are instilled are rooted in the customs and instincts of the community. This value underlies the five principles of relationship norms, namely the norm of the relationship between master and servant, father and son, husband and wife, brother and sister, and friends. These values are the values of obedience, honesty, loyalty, discipline, and responsibility. The values contained in the five relationships are moral values. Five principles of relationships that are carried out consistently will achieve harmony.
Strategi Filosofis Masyarakat Jepang Dalam Mengatasi Dilema Budaya Kerja Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Widisuseno Iriyanto
Published: November 2021

For the Japanese people, the remote work policy which aims to break the chain of the spread of the Corona-19 Virus is a cultural dilemma, because it clashes with the work culture of the people who have a strong work ethic. But in fact, Japan's economic recession rate is not as bad as other developed countries, such as America, China, and Korea. The death rate from Covid-19 is very low. Currently, Japan has started to return to the normal national economy. The mystery behind it all in Japan is the factor of superior immunity or cultural superiority. The assumption is, if because of the cultural superiority factor, what are the basic values that underlie the formation of behavior and culture of Japanese society. This philosophical qualitative study aims to examine philosophical strategies: what are the basic values that underlie the way Japanese people think and behave in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, how to properly solve problems (epistemology), and what normative rules are used to give direction to achieve goals (axiology). Through philosophical descriptive methods, this research can reveal the philosophical values (ontological, epistemological, axiological) behind social phenomena in Japanese society. The results of the study show that Japanese people hold firmly to the value of discipline as an ontological footing, the samurai is used as a way to solve problems, the value of harmony as a normative rule that gives direction to the achievement of goals. The benefits of this research provide enlightenment for the community about understanding the basic problems in society that are often neglected, while many people only focus on the surface of the problem that causes failure to understand.
Penanaman Edukasi Mitigasi Bencana pada Masyarakat Jepang
Authors: Widiandari Arsi
Published: November 2021

Research related to disaster mitigation is still an interesting topic to discuss. Moreover, Japan is also a disaster-prone country. The focus of this research is to discuss the cultivation of disaster mitigation education and how it is implemented in Japanese society. This study uses the literature method because it is considered the most appropriate and possible due to limited space. By taking data from official reports published by the Japanese government as secondary data, this research article will try to discuss the effectiveness of disaster education carried out by Japanese society. This study found that there are several keys to the success of disaster mitigation education carried out by Japan, including the role of educational facilitators, the role of central and local government, the existence of disaster response organizations and community cooperation as a whole. This paper is expected to complement previous research related to disaster knowledge. Thus, it is hoped that it can provide benefits especially to Indonesia, which is also a country that is quite often hit by natural disasters.
Efektivitas Pemakaian Aplikasi Katakana Memory Hint Dalam Mata Kuliah Shokyuu Moji Goi Zenhan
Authors: Arni Rita
Published: November 2021

This research is about the effectiveness of an Android application called the Katakana Memory Hint in learning Japanese letters during the Shokyuu Moji Goi Zenhan course. The course is taken by first-year students of the Japanese Language Education Study Program of Universitas Negeri Padang. This research focuses on one of the Japanese characters, the Katakana letters, because they are difficult to understand. For basic level learners, of course, they need media to help make it easier to learn the Katakana letters. Due to the rapid development of today's smartphone technology, Android applications have become a medium to help the learning process especially Japanese. This research is done to find out the advantages of an Android application called the Katakana Memory Hint designed by the Japan Foundation. This research applied the experimental method. The respondents were first-year students of the Japanese Language Education Study Program of Universitas Negeri Padang with the number of research sample of 30 people. The research findings show that the application is, as a matter of fact, effective in helping students to read and write the Katakana letters.
Human Resources Perspectives: Intercultural Competence Benefits In Learning English and Japanese Languages Simultaneously
Authors: Reswari Girindra Putri Ardana , Kalimanzila James
Published: November 2021

This research is aiming at discussing the benefits of learning English and Japanese languages simultaneously to cross-cultural competency. This article is also having a further discussion about the human resources development benefits gained from learning the two languages and cultures. English and Japanese are two languages that are famous as foreign languages for international business. It is because The United States, Japan, and the major economic forces of Western Europe are developed countries whose infrastructures and well-established financial markets are conducive to the operation and potential success of multinational corporations (MNCs). This study is a qualitative study with explanatory research as its method. The data gained by analyzing the perceptions drawn from the existing literature of various scholars documented in journals and books connected to Japanese and English languages, as well as human resources development issues. The results showed that learning Japanese and English simultaneously is also a good method in teaching the worker or students that will work in an international setting in having the comprehension of cross-cultural issues in general. The differences of those languages in terms of culture such as direct and indirect behavior in speaking, personal address system, and polite speech will become an example of understanding two different foreign language categories: high and low context cultures.
Long-term within- and between-subject biological variation of 29 routine laboratory measurands in athletes
Authors: Diaz-Garzon Jorge , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Aarsand Aasne K. , Sandberg Sverre , Coskun Abdurrahaman , Carobene Anna , Jonker Niels , Itkonen Outi , Bartlett William A. , Buno Antonio
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Within- and between-subject biological variation (BV) estimates have many applications in laboratory medicine. However, robust high-quality BV estimates are lacking for many populations, such as athletes. This study aimed to deliver BV estimates of 29 routine laboratory measurands derived from a Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist compliant design in a population of high-endurance athletes.

Methods

Eleven samples per subject were drawn from 30 triathletes monthly, during a whole sport season. Serum samples were measured in duplicate for proteins, liver enzymes, lipids and kidney-related measurands on an Advia2400 (Siemens Healthineers). After outlier and homogeneity analysis, within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) biological variation estimates were delivered (CV-ANOVA and log-ANOVA, respectively) and a linear mixed model was applied to analyze the effect of exercise and health related variables.

Results

Most CVI estimates were similar or only slightly higher in athletes compared to those reported for the general population, whereas two- to three-fold increases were observed for amylase, ALT, AST and ALP. No effect of exercise and health related variables were observed on the CVI estimates. For seven measurands, data were not homogeneously distributed and BV estimates were therefore not reported.

Conclusions

The observation of higher CVI estimates in athletes than what has been reported for the general population may be related to physiological stress over time caused by the continuous practice of exercise. The BV estimates derived from this study could be applied to athlete populations from disciplines in which they exercise under similar conditions of intensity and duration.
Evaluation of the Atellica TnIH cardiac troponin I assay and assessment of biological equivalence
Authors: Pretorius Carel J. , Parsonage William , Cullen Louise W. , Wilgen Urs , De Waal Elzahn , Klingberg Sandra , Dimeski Goce , White Rob , Greenslade Jaimi , Ungerer Jacobus P.J.
Published: November 2021

Objectives

We evaluated the analytical performance characteristics and the biological equivalence of the Atellica TnIH assay.

Methods

Precision, detection capability, linearity, and sex specific 99th percentiles were determined de novo. Classification of patients relative to the 99th percentiles was used to assess biological equivalence.

Results

Analytical precision and detection capability of the Atellica TnIH assay is excellent with a limit of blank <1 ng/L and 62.5% of women and 93% of men had results above the limit of detection. The 99th percentiles (90% CI) in women were 49 ng/L (31–67) and 70 ng/L (48–121) in men. An asymmetrical distribution involving 5% of results was notable. Agreement was moderate (Kappa 0.58, 95% CI 0.53–0.63) with 20% of patients discordantly classified with Atellica TnIH below and Access hsTnI above the 99th percentiles. Serial results in 195 patients demonstrated good agreement (Kappa 0.84, 95% CI 0.77–0.90). Differences greater than the assay specific reference change values (z≥±1.96) occurred in 65% (95% CI 53–76%) of 99th percentile discordant patients compared to 2.7% (p<0.001) and 76% (p=0.17) of the concordant low and high cTnI groups respectively.

Conclusions

The 99th percentile discordant and the concordantly elevated groups are more alike with respect to their z≥±1.96 rates. This favours an overestimated Atellica TnIH 99th percentile as more likely, and we hypothesize that antibody interference resulting in asymmetric scatter of nearly 5% samples may be the underlying mechanism. Analytical accuracy and interferences in cardiac troponin assays should be investigated and resolved with high priority.
Dependence of specific absorption rate and its distribution inside a homogeneous fruit model on frequency, angle of incidence, and wave polarization
Authors: Kundu Ardhendu , Gupta Bhaskar , Mallick Amirul I.
Published: November 2021

Electromagnetic regulatory guidelines prescribed by the international and national organizations are in effect worldwide to protect humans from immediate health effects. For restricting human exposure to electromagnetic radiation in near field, a quantitative term ‘specific absorption rate (SAR) limit’ has been coined and well established in literature. In addition, reference power density limit has also been prescribed in far field for human safety. At the same time, plants and fruits also absorb reasonable amount of electromagnetic energy due to high permittivity and electrical conductivity. Unfortunately, there is not much concern regarding electromagnetic energy absorption in plants and fruits, and no prescribed SAR limit in spite of recent reports in literature. Unlike humans, plants and fruits are of asymmetric shapes and sizes; therefore even at a particular frequency and fixed reference power density, electromagnetic energy absorption rate i.e., SAR in plants and fruits is expected to differ depending upon angle of incidence and wave polarization. To address these issues in detail, a typical bunch of three single layered water apples has been prototyped and exposed to plane wave irradiation at five different frequency bands as per the existing Indian electromagnetic regulatory guidelines. Broadband dielectric properties of water apples have been measured using open ended coaxial probe technique; thereafter, measured dielectric properties have been fed into the designed model. At a particular frequency, reasonable variations in magnitude and position of maximum local point (MLP) SAR, 1 g averaged SAR, and 10 g averaged SAR data have been noted for six different combinations of angle of incidence and wave polarization. This whole course of action is repeated over five different frequency bands. Moreover, variations in observed SAR data are also compared with previously reported variations in SAR data for a multilayer fruit structure. Observations indicate different order of changes in SAR for different fruit structures due to similar combinations of frequency, power density, angle of incidence, and wave polarization. Hence, direct definition of SAR limits for plant and fruit structures should be adopted even in far field in conjunction with reference power density.
Antibacterial greener silver nanoparticles synthesized using Marsilea quadrifolia extract and their eco-friendly evaluation against Zika virus vector, Aedes aegypti
Authors: Ishwarya Ramachandran , Saravanan Kavitha , Selvaraj Daniel , Govindarajan Marimuthu , Alharbi Naiyf S. , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M. , Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran , Selvakumar Thangaswamy , Vaseeharan Baskaralingam
Published: November 2021

Fabrication and use of nanoparticles have progressively enlarged within the last decade. Herein the silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were synthesized via the extract from Marsilea quadrifolia (Mq) as a decreasing and steadying mediator. The Mq-AgNPs demonstrated superior toxicity on Zika virus vector, Aedes aegypti with the LC50 value of 10.69 µg·mL−1. The Mq-AgNPs were established securely to non-target organisms Artemia nauplii and Ceriodaphnia cornuta, and no structural or anatomical alterations confirm its security to the surroundings. The antibacterial activity exposed that Mq-AgNPs showed superior growth inhibition effect against the tested bacteria. Furthermore, the Mq-AgNPs showed strong antioxidant activities when compared to Mq leaf extract. Overall, our results highlight that Mq-AgNPs are hopeful and biodegradable devices against mosquito vectors of therapeutic significance, with moderate toxicity against non-target aquatic animals.
Curcumin-removed turmeric oleoresin nano-emulsion as a novel botanical fungicide to control anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in litchi
Authors: Bui Van Cuong , Le The Tam , Nguyen Tuyen Hong , Pham Nam Thi , Vu Hoang Dinh , Nguyen Xuan Canh , De Tran Quang , Hoang Thai , Le Dang Quang , Lam Tran Dai
Published: November 2021

During curcumin production in Vietnam, curcumin-removed turmeric oleoresin (CRTO) has been considered as a by-product. It costs to treat the by-product to prevent environmental pollution. In this study, the by-product was utilized as an active ingredient for preparing a botanical fungicide-based nano-emulsion and evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo control efficacy against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a causal agent of anthracnose of litchi, in the laboratory as well as a field trial. The nano-emulsion is colloidally stable and uniform with particle sizes of 95–250 nm. CRTO nano-emulsion significantly affected various Colletotrichum species. Notably, this nano-emulsion showed potent inhibition for the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides and solidly suppressed the development of anthracnose on litchi fruits. In the in vitro inhibition test, the equivalent half-maximal inhibitory concentration of CRTO in nano-formulation was 0.11 mg·mL−1, which was 3.0× and 6.1× lower than IC50 values of CRTO alone (0.33 mg·mL−1) and a mixture of curcuminoids (0.48 mg·mL−1), respectively. In the field trial, the litchi anthracnose infection was effectively controlled by nano-formulation. These results suggest that CRTO nano-emulsion could be used as an alternative to harmful synthetic fungicides to control anthracnose on litchi fruits.
Optimization for simultaneous removal of NH3-N and COD from coking wastewater via a three-dimensional electrode system with coal-based electrode materials by RSM method
Authors: Su Ting , Gao Wenwen , Xing Xiangdong , Lan Xinzhe , Song Yonghui
Published: November 2021

The present work demonstrated preparation of coal-based electrode materials (CEM)-derived low-rank coal for simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from coking wastewater by a three-dimensional electrode system (3DES). The influence of important parameters in 3DES such as processing time, applied voltage, electrode plate spacing, mass of commercially activated carbon (CAC), and initial pH were investigated. Based on the central composite design, the response surface method (RSM) was employed in order to optimize the variable parameters in removal process of pollutants. From the analysis of RSM, the optimum conditions for 3DES were 4.5 h of processing time, 5.5 V of applied voltage, 17 mm electrode plate spacing, 4.5 g CAC, and pH of 3 with higher simultaneous removal rate of COD (74.20%) and NH3-N (51.48%). Besides, the content of N element (4.9%) and N containing groups were traced by SEM-EDS and FTIR analysis in order to verify the removal effect. The experiment results showed the capability of CEM for electrode system removal of pollutants from coking wastewater and obtained considerable simultaneous removal rate of NH3-N and COD.
Shuttle breeding in sunflower lines development
Authors: Gontcharov Sergey V. , Korotkova Tatyana S. , Goloschapova Natalya N. , Nesmyslenov Alexander P.
Published: November 2021

Shuttle breeding is a breeding system where generations undergo sequential evaluations at different locations, developed by N. Borlaug. Our study aims to demonstrate an opportunity of application shuttle breeding method in sunflower lines development and also to show its advantages and disadvantages. Experiments were mainly conducted at the Central Station (Krasnodar) of All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK). Krasnodar region is situated in the Southern part of Russia near the Black Sea. Part of our work was made at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (Karaj, Iran) and Experimental Station near Borozdjan (Busher Province of Iran). Released and experimental sunflower hybrids and lines of VNIIMK breeding were used as a material. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. Each replication had four rows and two central rows were analyzed only to exclude the border effect. It is shown that the application of the shuttle breeding technique to sunflower was highly successful and results in elite line development.
Investigation of nonlinear fractional delay differential equation via singular fractional operator
Authors: Ahmad Dildar , Ali Amjad , Mahariq Ibrahim , Rahman Ghaus ur , Shah Kamal
Published: November 2021

The present research work is basically devoted to construction of a fractional order differential equation with time delay. Initially, integral representation is given to solution of the underline problem. Afterwards, operator form of solution is studied under some auxiliary hypothesis. Since uniqueness of solution is required, therefore we also provide results for exploring the uniqueness of solution for the underlying model. Using Lebesgue dominated convergence theorem and some other results from analysis, this work provides results devoted to existence of at least one solution. Also, for investigating the nature of solution for the proposed model, we study different kind of stability analysis. These stability related results show, how the solution behave with time. At the end of the article, we illustrate the obtained results via some examples.
Bursting the bubble: hereditary spherocytosis masking poor glycemic control
Authors: Gordon Ashley , Pachu Deep , Hadfield Matthew J.
Published: November 2021

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a very common measure utilized to diagnose diabetes and to monitor the level of glycemic control during the course of management. Despite the high utility of HbA1c, it has some limitations. Physiological conditions that affect the lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs) can falsely elevate or lower HbA1c results. In this case report, we present a case of a patient who was found to have hereditary spherocytosis (HS) after developing nephrotic range proteinuria. The patient had diabetes that was previously thought to be well controlled, but his HS was masking his poor glycemic control. This case highlights the importance of understanding the limitations of the HbA1c in managing patients with diabetes.
The First Neolithic Occupation of La Cova del Randero (Pedreguer, Alicante, Spain)
Authors: Roca de Togores Muñoz Consuelo , Sirvent Cañada Laura M. , Amorós Silvia Martínez , Pérez Olga Gómez , González Virginia Barciela , García Carlos Ferrer , Iborra Miguel Benito , Soler Díaz Jorge A.
Published: November 2021

The excavations at “Cova del Randero” (Pedreguer, Alicante, Spain) began in 2007 within the programme of archaeological interventions of the Archaeological Museum of Alicante. The cavity, located in one of the valleys that connect the coast with the inland mountains, presents a wide sequence of occupations that begins in the Upper Palaeolithic and continues throughout the different phases of the Neolithic. The results of a multidisciplinary study, carried out in an archaeological context associated with the first Neolithic presence of the cavity, are presented here. This occupation is defined by a unique combustion structure to which a set of artefacts and biofacts are linked. This archaeological context, probably of a specific nature, is related to the first agro-pastoral communities settled in the area. The fireplace is well defined stratigraphically and sedimentologically because of its reddish soil, which corresponds to hunter-gatherer occupation levels of the cavity, and under the greyish sediments that characterise the use of the cave as a fold during the Middle Neolithic. This occupation event was dated both by the associated materials, among which a fragment of cardial ceramic was found, and by radiocarbon dating of a metacarpus of Ovis aries around 5075–4910 cal BC (epicardial Early Neolithic). This data allows us to link the occupation of the cavity at this time with pastoral activity in a medium mountain environment. However, it also allows us to infer the environmental characteristics in which the first farming communities of the mountains of Alicante were developed.
“The journey will be relaxed. You will watch television. Just like a VIP”: Misinformation, secrecy, and the information behaviour of repatriated migrants in Bangladesh
Authors: Shuva Nafiz Zaman
Published: November 2021

This paper explores the information behaviour of repatriated migrants in Bangladesh in the context of their irregular migration. Using an exploratory qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight repatriated migrants in Bangladesh. This study provides insights into the culturally situated, complicated information behaviour of repatriated migrants in Bangladesh. The findings of this study show that repatriated migrants did not seek any information in the context of their irregular migration. It is evident that factors such as unrealistic perceptions and expectations about life abroad, desperate desire to relocate to another country, and trust in smugglers and their agents played a key role in their information seeking in the context of their irregular migration. The study revealed that some participants were unaware of the risk of taking an irregular journey and deceived by the misinformation shared by their smugglers and their agents. Some interviewees even claimed not to attempt to move to Malaysia if they were aware of the heavy risks associated with the move. The concepts of “migration as gambling” and “Aladdin’s lamp” emerged in this study have some implications for local informational program development aiming to educate vulnerable rural population about the risk of irregular migration and connect them with reliable migrational information sources. The study identified some information grounds such as the Bazaar and Betel fields, which might be useful in offering informational programs at those grounds. The findings related to the information behaviour of repatriated migrants have potential implications for research in various disciplines, including library and information science, migrational studies, geography, and psychology.
Kant’s Metaphilosophy
Authors: Lewin Michael
Published: November 2021

While the term “metaphilosophy” enjoys increasing popularity in Kant scholarship, it is neither clear what distinguishes a metaphilosophical theory from a philosophical one nor to what extent Kant’s philosophy contains metaphilosophical views. In the first part of the article, I will introduce a demarcation criterion and show how scholars fall prey to the fallacy of extension confusing Kant’s philosophical theories with his theories about philosophy. In the second part, I will analyze eight elements for an “imperfect definition” (KrVA731/B759) of philosophy outlining the scope of Kant’s explicit metaphilosophy against the backdrop of recent metaphilosophical research: (i) scientific concept of philosophy, (ii) philosophy as an activity, (iii) worldly concept, (iv) philosophy as a (proper and improper) science, (v) philosophy as an architectonic idea (archetype and ectypes), (vi) philosophy as a social practice and the appropriate holding-to-be-true (one or many true philosophies?), (vii) reason as the absolute condition and subject of philosophy, and (viii) methodology of philosophy. I will put these elements together for an attempt to give an imperfect definition of philosophy – something that Kant promised but never did – in the conclusion.
Microvariation in Verbal and Nominal Agreement: An Analysis of Two Lombard Alpine Dialects
Authors: Pescarini Diego
Published: November 2021

In Bregagliotto and Mesolcinese, two Lombard Alpine dialects, feminine plural agreement/concord is marked by the formative -n, a reflex of the third person plural verbal ending. In Bregagliotto, plural -ntriggers mesoclisis of the feminine subject clitic in contexts of inversion, whereas in the noun phrase -nbehaves as a second-position element marking plural feminine concord. Mesolcinese exhibits verbal gender agreement as the formative -noccurs on the inflected verb whenever a feminine plural subject or the feminine plural object clitic occurs; in feminine plural DPs, -nis attached to any element except the definite article. I argue that the Bregagliotto system emerged when -nwas reanalysed as an adjunct pluraliser, whereas in Mesolcinese -nhas been turned into a marker of morphophonological concord/agreement.
On the Acquisition of French (Null) Subjects and (In)Definiteness: Simultaneous and Early Sequential bi-, tri- and Multilinguals
Authors: Arnaus Gil Laia , Stahnke Johanna , Müller Natascha
Published: November 2021

The French non-null-subject parameter is set very early, irrespective of the number of languages acquired. By contrast, the acquisition of (in)definiteness marking takes place at age 11;0. For early parametrized grammatical phenomena, Tsimpli (Tsimpli, Ianthi Maria. 2014. Early, late or very late? Timing acquisition and bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 4(3). 283–313.) argues that age of onset (AoO) matters. For late acquired phenomena, language experience is crucial. We recruited 23 simultaneous and 34 early sequential L2 (eL2) learners of French (mean age 4;6). Using an elicitation task, we examined the production of French subjects and (in)definite articles. All children behaved similarly with respect to the (early) setting of the null-subject parameter. In contrast, (in)definite marking was sensitive to number of languages and age; AoO or input effects did not affect the results. Simultaneous multilinguals diverge from eL2 children, showing subject spell-out preferences, interpreted in terms of acquisition phases. We will discuss this result against a model of language acquisition in which the child proceeds in acquisition stages.
Experimental Evidence on Island Effects in Spanish Relative Clauses
Authors: Stigliano Laura , Xiang Ming
Published: November 2021

Research on islands has been central to linguistic theory for more than 50 years. Its importance relies on the theoretical consequences islands posit for movement and long distance dependencies. In this paper we aim to explore the contrast between a variety of islands in Spanish relative clauses to reveal whether there is any gradience in the strength of the island effects. In order to tease apart fine-grained contrasts we run an acceptability judgment study based on the factorial definition of island, an experimental paradigm that aims to isolate the various factors that can affect the acceptability of a sentence involving island violations. Overall, we found that the five constructions tested (embedded wh-questions,whether-clauses, adjuncts, complex NPs and relative clauses) show island effects in Spanish and that there are limited differences in the size of these effects, which points to a more categorical view of islands.
circ_0082375 promotes the progression of glioma by regulating Wnt7B
Authors: Meng Xianbing , Tian Hailong , Guo Wenqiang , Wang Zhigang
Published: November 2021

Circular RNAs contribute to the progression of glioma. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of circ_0082375 in glioma remain unclear. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assay were used to evaluate the expression levels of circ_0082375, microRNA-485-5p, and Wnt family member 7B (Wnt7B). The overall survival of glioma patients was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier curve. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were detected by cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2 -deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Glucose level and lactate production were determined using glucose and lactate assay kits. In vitro angiogenesis assay was used to evaluate the angiogenesis of glioma cells. The interaction between microRNA (miR)-485-5p and circ_0082375 or Wnt family member 7B (Wnt7B) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. A xenograft model was used to verify the function of circ_0082375 in vivo. circ_0082375 was upregulated in glioma tissues, and it was closely related to the prognosis of glioma patients. circ_0082375 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, glycolysis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promoted cell apoptosis in glioma cells. irc_0082375 was a sponge of miR-485-5p, which directly targeted Wnt7B. Knockdown of circ_0082375 inhibited the malignancy, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of glioma cells in vitro by sponging miR-485-5p. Besides, circ_0082375 knockdown hampered the growth of glioma growth by regulating the miR-485-5p/Wnt7B axis in vivo. Altogether, circ_0082375 regulated miR-485-5p/Wnt7B axis to promote the malignancy, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of glioma cells, thereby contributing to the progression of glioma.
Parabolic convergence regions of branched continued fractions of the special form
Authors: Bodnar D.I. , Bilanyk I.B.
Published: November 2021

Using the criterion of convergence of branched continued fractions of the special form with positive elements, effective sufficient criteria of convergence for these fractions are established. To study the parabolic regions of convergence, the element regions and value regions technique was used. In particular, half-planes are considered as value regions. A multidimensional analogue of Tron's twin convergence regions for branched continued fractions of the special form is established. The obtained results made it possible to establish the conditions for the convergence of the multidimensional $S$-fractions with independent variables.
Optimization of synthesis conditions for carboxymethyl cellulose from pineapple leaf waste using microwave-assisted heating and its application as a food thickener
Authors: Panchan Noppadol , Wattanapan Pattra , Sungsinchai Sirada , Roddecha Supacharee , Dittanet Peerapan , Seubsai Anusorn , Niamnuy Chalida , Devahastin Sakamon
Published: November 2021

Pineapple leaf waste, with its high cellulose content, can serve as alternative starting material for the production of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In this study, synthesis conditions of CMC from pineapple leaves via the use of microwave heating were optimized. Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology were applied to schedule the experiments and to optimize the synthesis condition, respectively. Preparation of CMC was investigated by varying three factors, namely, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, monochloroacetic acid (MCA) dose, and etherification time. The process of carboxymethylation was optimized to produce CMC with high degree of substitution (DS). Optimal condition for CMC synthesis was noted to be 50% (w/v) NaOH solution, 8 g of MCA/g cellulose, and etherification time of 16 min; such optimal condition resulted in the maximum DS of 0.78. Synthesized CMC was utilized as a thickener for liquid foods (water, orange juice, milk, and mushroom cream soup) where 2% (w/v) as-synthesized CMC increased the viscosity of the foods and changed their characteristics from thin to nectar-like liquids.