bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fertilizer Industry in Brazil and the Assurance of Inputs for Biofuels Production: Prospective Scenarios after COVID-19
Authors: Farias Pedro Igor Veillard , Freire Estevão , Cunha Armando Lucas Cherem da , Grumbach Raul José dos Santos , Antunes Adelaide Maria de Souza
Published: October 2020

Fertilizers are essential inputs for the agribusiness chain—they increase the productivity on available arable land and help to avoid changes in land use. Currently, Brazil is one of the largest consumers of fertilizers in the world but its imports of NPK fertilizers, as a percentage of its total consumption, have risen from 32% in 1988 to 77% in 2018. Biofuels are relevant in the transport sector and the Brazilian government, after the Paris Agreement, created the National Biofuels Policy (Renovabio), which has as one of its goals to raise the participation of biofuels in the transport sector to 28.6% by 2028. Soy, corn, and sugarcane (biofuels raw material) currently account for more than 70% of the consumption of NPK fertilizers in the country. Due to several reasons, in the last 10 years many local projects designed to fill the supply gap for fertilizers in Brazil have not been successful. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has raised questions about the reliability of fertilizer supply in global value chains. In this context, is Brazil’s long-term biofuel market at risk after COVID-19? A total of 38 experts were consulted and four reference scenarios were developed. The article concluded that the Brazilian fertilizer industry must be prepared for a scenario of limited increase in demand on a global scale—strategic alliances may be forged to maintain existing installed capacity. Should the Brazilian government fail to provide any stimulus for the country’s fertilizer industry, it is likely that by 2035, Brazil’s biofuel industry sector would be overexposed to price volatility and availability on the global fertilizer market.
Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables Cultivated in Pakistan Soil Irrigated with Untreated Wastewater: Preliminary Results
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Ahmed Saeed , Rehman Wajid , Menaa Farid , Ullah Malik Aman
Published: October 2020

Unfortunately, vegetables are commonly cultivated with untreated wastewater and consumed by human beings who often ignore their harmful impacts on health. The industrialization and urbanization in developing countries have led to the release of increasing amounts of heavy metals (HM) into the environment. Regular monitoring of metal concentration levels in contaminated soils and edible plants is essential to prevent their excessive build-up in the diet and food chains. This study aimed to determine the concentration and accumulation of selected HM in the soil-plant system from a field located in D.I. Khan, Pakistan. Thereby, determinations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co) were assessed in the soil of the field as well as in the roots, stems, leaves, and grains of ridge gourds (RG) and sponge gourds (SG). The gourds were irrigated with untreated wastewater and removed from the soil when completely matured. Their parts were then separated and digested for HM analyses, which were performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Mean HM concentrations of each gourd were compared to each other within the same vegetable or between the vegetables. Intra-analyses depicted a similar quantitative distribution of HM in the RG or SG parts. Independently of the gourds’ variety, Fe and Pb were the most concentrated HM, and Pb was particularly concentrated in grains. Mean concentrations of Pb and Co in these vegetables were found to be toxic, since they exceeded the safe limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO). Inter-analyses of HM concentrations performed between RG and SG parts revealed that the mean concentration of Pb was significantly higher in roots of SG compared to that of RG. Nevertheless, mean Cr concentrations were significantly higher in all parts of RG compared to that of SG. The concentrations of Co were insignificantly different between the parts of these two vegetables. Also, the assessment of hyperaccumulation factors demonstrated that these gourds are hyperaccumulators, improper for dietary intake and commercialization, but might be useful for phytoremediation. Taken together, our data shed light on the urgent need for developing sustainable agriculture in Pakistan.
Role of Private Long-Term Care Insurance in Financial Sustainability for an Aging Society
Authors: Boj del Val Eva , Claramunt Bielsa M. Mercè , Varea Soler Xavier
Published: October 2020

This work analyzes and quantifies the significance of private long-term care insurance for the elderly in protecting families from the increased expenses derived from dependency. We propose an economic and financial model for consumption and income deficit evolution. Survival/dependency are modeled by a Markov process with stochastic simulation techniques to obtain random variable distributions. Based on the Spanish survey of household finances data, Spanish families are classified using a cluster analysis for the wealth decumulation period. The conclusion is that, for a generic family, hiring long-term care insurance causes a significant reduction in the probability of lack of liquidity, the mean first time of lack of liquidity (if it occurs), and the mean present value of overall liquidity needs. It is also observed that there are important differences between these impacts on different groups of families. These results show that hiring long-term care insurance would considerably lower financial problems in the decumulation period.
A Customer Integration Framework for the Development of Mass Customised Housing Projects
Authors: dos Santos Hentschke Cynthia , Torres Formoso Carlos , Echeveste Marcia Elisa
Published: October 2020

Mass customisation is a business strategy that aims to deliver a variety of products that fulfil customer requirements and, at the same time, keep price and delivery time within acceptable limits. It has been adopted in different sectors to increase value generation, including house building. A major challenge in mass customisation is customer integration, i.e., how to improve value generation by understanding and considering requirements from different customers, and defining their involvement in product development. Most studies on this topic tend to be technology-focused, often being limited to methods and digital tools to generate and display product alternatives. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework of decision categories for customer integration and for devising the scope of customisation to support the definition of mass customisation (MC) strategies. Design science research was the methodological approach adopted in this investigation. It was based on a literature review about mass customisation practices and also on an empirical study developed in a residential building company from Brazil. The main contribution of this paper is a framework for customer integration, which contains a set of decision categories related to the definition of the scope of customisation and customer integration, and a list of practices that are applicable to house building. A secondary contribution of this investigation is a set of constructs that have been used to describe the decision categories and their relationships.
Identification of triticale lines resistant to leaf rust in the National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko
Authors:   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Mikov D.S. , Davoyan E.R. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Zubanova Yu.S. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Kovtunenko V.Ya. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Panchenko V.V. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Kalmysh A.P. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko
Published: October 2020

Creation of leaf rust resistant varieties is one of the main aims of breeding of this crop. 94 lines of triticale were screened on the presence of genes Lr10, Lr25, Lr26 and its combinations. Lr26 gene was identified in all samples, 3 lines are carriers of Lr10 gene and presence of Lr25 was established in 4 lines. Combination Lr10+Lr26 was identified in lines 13-15т2-6, 13-15т2-7, 13-99т5-7 and 10-205т3-31, combination Lr25+Lr26 was established in lines 13-159т1-17, 12-80т14-1, 12-т1т-5 and 12-80т14-10. Eighty-five lines are resistant to leaf rust and nine lines are susceptible. In four lines resistance to leaf rust is controlled by Lr25 gene, in other lines it may be controlled by other gene (-s).
Study of new samples and varieties of rice under conditions of air drought
Authors:   Federal Scientific Rice Centre, Tkachenko Yu.V. , Zelensky G.L. ,   Federal Scientific Rice Centre
Published: October 2020

In the Krasnodar Territory, dry wind in summer is one of the negative factors of the climate. Rice plants increase transpiration for cooling and gradually lose their turgor due to strong evaporation caused by low relative humidity and strong winds. In the nursery of the competitive test trials, in 2018-2019, we studied different types of rice: ‘Yug2’ with ordinary but folding leaves; ‘Yug-3’ with vertical folding leaves; ‘Yug-5’ and ‘Rubikon’ with vertical non-folding leaves; standard – variety ‘Rapan’ with ordinary leaves. Under conditions of drought and increased plant density, sample ‘Yug-2’ was the best in quantitative terms.
Comparative assessment of Foeniculum vulgare variety ‘Oksamyt Kryma’ in different ecological zones
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Zolotilova O.M. , Nevkrytaya N.V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Korotkikh I.N. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Anikina A.Yu. ,   North-Caucasian branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Published: October 2020

In 2017–2019, we conducted a comparative study of morphological and biological characteristics and productivity parameters of Foeniculum vulgare variety ‘Oksamyt Kryma’ in three regions of the Russian Federations: foothill zone (Crimea), central region of the non-chernozem zone (Moscow suburbs) and western Ciscaucasia (Krasnodar Krai) to determine the most favourable conditions for cultivation. The above-mentioned zones differed greatly in meteorological and soil conditions. The highest yield (on average 18.0 kg/ha) and the greatest accumulation of essential oil (on average 9.9 kg/ha) were obtained in the Krasnodar Krai. Weather, climatic and soil conditions of the Moscow suburbs, where productivity indicators were the lowest, are unfavourable for fennel growing.
On Harmonization of Business Accounting and the SNA
Authors: Ivanov Yu. N. , Khomenko T. A.
Published: October 2020

The article considers a wide range of questions pertaining to possible and applicable harmonization of business accounting and the SNA which would, if implemented, facilitate the improvement of the information base for the compilation of national accounts and consistency of analysis of economy at micro and macro levels. The authors note that total harmonization of the two systems of information cannot be achieved due to diff erences in their key objectives. The harmonization of selected indicators and classifi cation, however, is possible and useful. In this context, the views on this matter of internationally-recognized national accounts experts, such as R. Ruggles (the USA) and F. Bos (the Netherlands), are commented on. A comparative analysis of concepts and defi nitions of some indicators of both systems is presented in the article. In particular, the diff erences between the income defi nitions. For instance, it is noted that the SNA defi nition of income is based on the concept developed by J. Hiсks and it excludes income from sales of assets and holding gains, whereas in business accounting this method is not adopted. The diff erences between two systems in defi nitions of sale of output, input, profi t and methods of valuation of indicators are also described in the article. The authors substantiate the possible directions and sequence of individual steps to the harmonization of the SNA and business accounting in the Russian Federation. They emphasize the need for close interaction between Rosstat and the Ministry of Finance of Russia in carrying out this vital work, which is necessary for creating single information, statistical and methodological space in Russia, to improve the quality of statistics and accounting, analytical work in general and management decisions.
The French of Italy Archiving Dossier Narrative
Authors: Morreale Laura
Published: October 2020

French-language texts and French-speaking leaders were present and influential on the Italian peninsula from the late thirteenth through the late fifteenth centuries. These two phenomena, although related linguistically, were traditionally examined separately according to disciplinary boundaries -- historians of Italy have seen French political actors as important yet marginal characters in the larger story of Italy, and literary scholars have examined French texts created and copied in Italy as, at best, developmental stepping-stones in the inevitable march towards the Italian vernacular, or at worst, linguistic curiosities. When the French of Italy (FOI) website was first launched in 2009, few scholars had seriously considered how French functioned outside of the medieval Kingdom of France. A closer look at the sources included on the FOI reveals that Italian authors at times used the French language to achieve their own political purposes, and French-speakers living or staying in Italy were meaningfully engaged in the creation and exchange of many of the French-language works found there. The French of Italy website, which appeared alongside the work already being done at Fordham University’s French of England project, expanding the vision of medieval French language work by creating a check list of sources, and aggregating much of the secondary sources associated with the question of French-language writing in Italy.
Remontaje y producción de sentido histórico en las instalaciones audiovisuales y los films recientes de Albertina Carri
Authors: Lusnich Ana Laura
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo indagar sobre la producción reciente de Albertina Carri, en la que se observan nuevas orientaciones en lo que respecta a las operaciones de remontaje, re-creación e interpretación de las imágenes propias y ajenas. Junto con su rol de artista-archivista, consideramos en esta última época la exacerbación de otras marcas personales y propuestas de trabajo vinculadas con la transdisciplinariedad, la reflexividad y la subjetividad.
Catástrofe y utopía en el teatro de Rafael Spregelburd. Lectura de un paisaje intermedial
Authors: Pinta María Fernanda
Published: October 2020

Rafael Spregelburd es, sin dudas, uno de los dramaturgos argentinos más destacados en la escena internacional, así como uno de los más productivos de su generación. Sus trabajos han indagado de forma sostenida las teorías de la complejidad y la filosofía del lenguaje. Se trata de un teatro que se ocupa igualmente de experimentar sobre diferentes relaciones intermediales (combinación, referencialidad, entre otras operaciones) con las artes visuales, el cine, la literatura, la música y la televisión. Es el caso de Spam (2013): un hombre se encuentra solo y sin memoria en un hotel. Rodeado de cajas de muñecas parlantes y vestido con un smoking, Mario Monti piensa reconstruir su identidad a partir de los mails. Tomando en préstamo algunos procedimientos y motivos del género policial, la trama no sólo desarrolla la odisea de Monti y su contacto con el hampa, sino que reflexiona sobre los entornos chatarra del capitalismo contemporáneo y los usos a la vez sintomáticos y estratégicos del archivo cultural. El presente trabajo busca articular la perspectiva intermedial y los estudios teatrales (Rajewsky, 2015; Sarrazac, 2009) con una mirada atenta a las características específicas del trabajo artístico de Rafael Spregelburd (Rodríguez Carranza, 2016; Dubatti, 2012). El propósito es analizar el diálogo del teatro con otros medios como una forma eficaz (artística y crítica) de reflexionar sobre los contornos del arte contemporáneo y, sobre todo, de indagar sobre las posibilidades de representar la historia reciente y el mundo de hoy (Bal, 2016; Pardo, 2006).
PECULIARITIES OF BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS OF MALE RATS IN THE OPEN FIELD TEST IN CASE OF ALIMENTARY INTAKE OF FATS OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS
Authors: Антіпова Р. В. , Комісова Т. Є. , Сак А. Є.
Published: October 2020

Recently, the influence of various origins fats on the morphofunctional and biochemical characteristics of the organism has been actively studied, however, their possible influence on higher nervous activity and behavior has been mostly overlooked. The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of behavioral changes in rats after the long-term consumption of fats differing in origin. The behavior of adult male rats was explored by the open field test for three days on the basis of the indicators of their research and emotional activity after 60 days of consumption of fats of various origins (palm oil, refined sunflower oil, margarine) at a rate of 3 mg/kg. The obtained experimental data show that when rats consume fats differing in origin for a long time, their navigation research behavior in terms of horizontal and vertical activity and the number of hole visits does not differ significantly, both when retested in the open field and compared with the control group. However, it was found that their emotional activity (according to the manifestations of autonomic reactions of defecation and grooming) has changed as the prolonged consumption of used fats causes a change in the level of anxiety in male rats. The long-term consumption of palm oil is accompanied by a tendency to increase bowel movements as well as the number and duration of grooming acts, both in re-testing and compared with the control group. The male rats that had consumed margarine for a long time, on the contrary, demonstrated a decrease in the level of anxiety. In comparison with the control group and during testing, they showed a reduction in the manifestations of grooming and defecation. During three days of observation, the indicators of emotional activity of the rodents that had consumed refined oil for a long time stayed almost unchanged and did not differ from those of the control group.
A Macroanatomic and Morphometric Study on the Hasak Sheep Mandible
Authors: ÖZÜDOĞRU Zekeriya , İLGÜN Ramazan , CAN Mehmet
Published: October 2020

The study was carried out to reveal some macroanatomical and morphometric values on the Hasak sheep mandible. In the study, eight reformed dead Hasak sheep mandibles from Konya Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute were used. The length between 19 different points in the mandible of Hasak sheep was measured and the values obtained were compared with other sheep breeds. As a result of this comparison, it has been determined that the mandible length and mandible height values of Hasak sheep are higher than Hemsin, Morkaraman, Tuj, Mehraban, Iranian domestic sheep breeds and lower than that of Konya merino, Hasmer, Yankasa, Barbados Black Belly sheep. In addition, in other comparisons, it has been determined that the mandible measurement values of Hasak sheep are higher than some sheep breeds, while it is lower than some sheep breeds. These results are of clinical importance to assist in regional anesthesia of the mandibular and mental nerves, especially during surgical operation, tooth extraction and treatment in the mandible.
Análisis del riesgo y la prima en el seguro automotor durante la pandemia
Authors: Hernández Joaquín Alberto
Published: October 2020

La declaración de pandemia de la enfermedad Covid-19 por la O.M.S obligó a numerosos países a adoptar medidas preventivas de confinamiento en miras de proteger la salud y la vida; produciéndose a su vez un fuerte impacto en la economía global.Al igual que la enfermedad, a nivel global proliferaron fake news, divulgadas con el fin de promover el pánico, confusión o conductas incorrectas entre los ciudadanos; motivando a la O.M.S a alertar sobre sus efectos perjudiciales, nombrando a este fenómeno como infodemia.Argentina, al igual que numerosos países, adoptó medidas en favor del confinamiento social que implicaron la reducción de la interacción social y una significativa caída de la actividad económica.El mercado asegurador argentino, no fue ajeno a los impactos sociales y económicos generados por la pandemia, como así tampoco a los nocivos efectos causados por infodemia.A través de una primera fakenews, se indicó que los aseguradores del ramo automotor no cubrirían los siniestros de asegurados que violen el confinamiento.Posteriormente, a través de otra, en razón de haberse producido una supuesta disminución del riesgo durante el confinamiento, se instó a los tomadores a solicitar masivamente descuentos en el precio del seguro, y se acusó a los aseguradores de haberse enriquecido sin causa.En el presente artículo analizaremos las características del riesgo y la prima en el seguro automotor, demostrando que no existió disminución del riesgo durante el confinamiento y los peligros que conllevan la inobservancia de las bases técnicas del contrato de seguro.
Estudio de caso: entorno organizacional del trabajo remoto
Authors: Irusta Juan , Ingrassia Ramiro
Published: October 2020

Con base en el Estudio de Casos Múltiples se explora el entorno organizacional durante el ASPyO y DiSPyO. Esta situación sanitaria aceleró la implementación del trabajo remoto. En consecuencia, se busca la clasificación en factores estimulantes, impulsores o retractores de los resultados obtenidos al observar el entorno organizacional, el puesto de trabajo y el entorno familiar.
Revistas científicas: estándares en revistas científicas en línea
Authors: Authier Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2020

Aborda los estándares de revistan en línea. Las bases de datos y sus tipos. Hace hincapié en Latindex (Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal) y dos de sus productos: Directorio y Catálogo. Hace una descripción del Núcleo Básico de Revistas Científicas Argentinas.
La fuga del Penal de Rawson, la Masacre de Trelew y las relaciones bilaterales entre Argentina y Chile. Tensiones y acercamientos durante la dictadura de Lanusse (agosto 1972)
Authors: Míguez María Cecilia , Núñez Jorge
Published: October 2020

El objetivo general del trabajo es complejizar la mirada sobre las relaciones internacionales de los últimos años de la autodenominada Revolución Argentina, vinculando los conflictos internos de esa dictadura argentina con la política exterior respecto de los países de la región, en este caso, con Chile, en el contexto particular del gobierno de Salvador Allende, que tenía por propósito la transición al socialismo. Para ello, estudiaremos archivos diplomáticos y de prensa de ambos países en torno al conocido hecho de quienes abandonaron el país en un avión que los condujo a Santiago de Chile y con posterioridad a La Habana.
Corregidor evanescente, residencia frustrada, fiadores ejecutados. Redes de poder y tensiones intraelite en el lago Titicaca a inicios del siglo XVII
Authors: Morrone Ariel J.
Published: October 2020

Este artículo persigue las huellas del capitán Martín Navarro de Hinojosa, corregidor de Paucarcolla (jurisdicción emplazada al norte del lago Titicaca, en el actual departamento de Puno, Perú) en la década de 1610, quien huyera durante la residencia incoada por su sucesor sin haber ajustado sus cuentas con los oficiales de la Real Hacienda de La Paz. Este “escandaloso” acontecimiento reveló un conjunto de tensiones tramadas en el núcleo de la elite paceña; sus episodios permiten vislumbrar el trazado de redes de poder a escala local, regional y extra-regional en el sur andino durante las primeras décadas del siglo XVII.
Handbuch Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung
Authors: Cramer Colin , König Johannes , Rothland Martin , Blömeke Sigrid
Published: October 2020

Das „Handbuch Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung“ bietet aus fachlicher, fachdidaktischer, bildungswissenschaftlicher und schulpraktischer Perspektive einen umfassenden forschungsbasierten Überblick zu allen Bereichen der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung. Das von 174 Autorinnen und Autoren erarbeitete Orientierungswissen wird in 107 Beiträgen präsentiert. Ausgehend von den Aufgaben im Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerberuf werden die Geschichte und Entwicklung der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung sowie ihre Strukturen, Phasen und Kontexte dargestellt und Qualifikationswege aufgezeigt. Die fachlichen und fachdidaktischen, bildungswissenschaftlichen und schulpraktischen Komponenten der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung werden beschrieben, der Forschungsstand zur Entwicklung von Lehramtsstudierenden sowie Referendarinnen und Referendaren dargelegt und das bislang begrenzte Wissen zu den Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildenden und Entscheidungstragenden erfasst. Das Handbuch richtet sich an Forschende und Lehrende im Bereich der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung an Hochschulen, Studienseminaren und Ausbildungsschulen sowie der Fort- und Weiterbildung, an Lehramtsstudierende, Referendarinnen und Referendare, Lehrerinnen und Lehrer und die Bildungsadministration.
Flipping a Computational Modeling Class: Strategies to Engage Students and Foster Active Learning
Authors: Guarin-Zapata Nicolas , Gómez Juan David , Ortega-Alvarez Juan David , Vieira Camilo
Published: October 2020

This Work in Progress, Innovative Practice paper examines the implementation and preliminary results of a flipped classroom strategy in a computational modeling undergraduate course at a [nationality] midsize university. Previous work has discussed the potential of flipped classrooms to leverage active learning through the use of videos and other computer-based tools that encourage students to explore course content autonomously. This study explores how the tools and tactics used in the course, namely out-of-class readings and Jupyter notebooks, can be effective to engage students and foster learning. To that aim, the final study will compare the changes in perceptions and performance of two classes (Fall 2019 and Spring 2020) before and after students take the course. The perceptions part of the instrument focuses on students’ self-efficacy and interest in programming. On the other hand, the performance part of the instrument asks students to explain the purpose of simple programs by examining the code. Preliminary results suggest that the flipped format implemented increases students' self-efficacy regarding programming tasks, particularly within students already interested in this computational modeling. These results align well with preliminary performance results, which suggest that the strategy implemented prompts more students to try solving the programming problems and provide explanations, yet not always complete or correct.
Inteligencia emocional: retrato e importancia en profesionales de la salud (trabajadores del sector fitness, cirujanos y podólogos)
Authors: Simón Grima Javier
Published: October 2020

La inteligencia emocional (IE) se refiere a la forma en que las personas perciben, valoran y expresan emociones, y a las habilidades personales, cognitivas y/o sociales que determinan la eficacia de las personas para comprender y afrontar los problemas diarios. Hasta hace unas décadas, poco se sabía acerca de la IE ya que, se consideraba a la inteligencia cognitiva como el único predictor de “éxito” en una persona. No obstante, en los últimos años, ha habido un creciente interés de los investigadores por identificar las connotaciones que tiene la IE con la salud. En esta revisión se muestran los resultados de diferentes investigaciones sobre IE y variables relacionadas con la salud y el desempeño laboral en poblaciones poco estudiadas relacionadas con la salud (trabajadores del sector fitness, cirujanos y podólogos). Se proponen algunas claves para mejorar la IE con el objetivo de reducir el estrés, mejorar la salud mental y social y aumentar la eficacia del afrontamiento ante diferentes agentes estresores (carga laboral, enfermedad o muerte de un familiar, etc.).
Předčištění odpadních vod z produkce vína
Authors: Musilová Nikola , Pečenka Martin
Published: October 2020

Práce se zabývá porovnáním procesů předčištění odpadních vod z výroby vína za laboratorních podmínek. Tyto vody jsou charakteristické nízkým pH a vysokým obsahem organických a nerozpuštěných látek. Nadlimitní hodnoty parametrů CHSKCr a BSK5 jsou často v rozporu s příslušným kanalizačním řádem, což komplikuje jejich odvádění a čištění na biologických čistírnách odpadních vod. Z fyzikálně chemických metod předčištění byla testována koagulace v kombinaci s flokulací. Zároveň byly provozovány dva vsádkové reaktory za rozdílných provozních podmínek. Cílem práce bylo nalezení efektivního a ekonomicky únosného postupu pro snížení hodnot CHSKCr a BSK5 za účelem přiblížení se limitům daných kanalizačním řádem.

Abstract (en)

COD removal from winery wastewater by physicochemical and biological treatment at lab scale was studied. Both experiments were performed with sludge from clarification under laboratory conditions. The aim of those experiments was to meet regulations. Coagulation under different pH was studied. By combination of coagulant Yesfloc (c) SG and flocculant Yesfloc® COE65 or
flocculant Yesfloc® COEX88 28 % of COD was removed by pH = 6 and 27 % of COD was removed by pH = 8. Two SBR reactors under different conditions were studied. Average of COD removal with both SBR was 77 %, which met regulations. There was no significant lack of nutrients, which could occur in a long-term operation. The pH adjustment for SBR was not necessary. The composition and season dependency could be a problem for biological treatment, but the sludge adaptation was really quick.
Porovnání environmentálních dopadů různých typů jogurtových kelímků
Authors: Kráľová Nikola , Šerešová Markéta , Kočí Vladimír
Published: October 2020

Cílem práce bylo posoudit environmentální dopady různých typů zvolených jogurtových kelímků vyrobených z různých materiálů: z plastu, papíru, skla či z kompozitního materiálu. Environmentální dopady byly vyhodnoceny metodou posuzování životního cyklu (z angl. life cycle assessment, LCA).

Výsledky práce ukazují, že skleněné a kompozitní obaly jsou horší než obaly plastové, s výjimkou kategorie dopadu Spotřeba fosilních surovin a humánní toxicita. Jako nejlepší vychází plastový obal s K3 dekorací (papír), který ve všech hodnocených kategoriích dopadu vykazuje nejlepší výsledky. V kategorii dopadu Klimatické změny se nejhůř umístil kompozitní obal a obal skleněný. Nejvíce ovlivněnou kategorií je Sladkovodní ekotoxicita, nejvyšší dopady v rámci této kategorie vykazuje obal skleněný a následně kompozitní. V rámci kategorie dopadu Ionizující záření má největší dopad skleněný obal následovaný obalem kompozitním. Na základě výsledků výzkumu bylo zjištěno, že hlavní příčinou dopadů plastových kelímků na životní prostředí je výroba PP granulátu, u skleněných obalů je to výroba samotného skla a v případě kompozitních obalů výroba kompozitního obalu.

Abstract (en)

The aim of the work was to assess the environmental impacts of different types of selected yoghurt cups made of different materials: plastic, paper, glass or composite material. Environmental impacts were assessed using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method.

The results of the work show that glass and composite packaging is worse than plastic packaging except for the impact category Resource use (mineral and metals) and Human toxicity. The best packaging appears to be plastic packaging with K3 decoration (paper), which has the smallest impacts in all evaluated impact categories. In the impact category Climate change, composite packaging and glass packaging have the greatest impact. The most affected category is Freshwater ecotoxicity. The highest impacts within this category are shown by glass packaging and subsequently composite packaging. In the impact category Ionizing radiation, the greatest impact has a glass packaging, then a composite packaging. Based on the results, it was determined that the main cause of the impacts of plastic cups is the production of PP granulate. In the case of glass packaging, it is the production of the glass itself, and in the case of composite packaging, the production of the composite packaging.
Assessment of reproduction volumes ensuring the formation of beluga reserves in accordance with the Caspian Sea fodder productivity
Authors: Zykov L. A. , Antonov N. P. , Gerasimov Yu. V. , Abramenko M. I.
Published: October 2020

Based on a model describing changes in the number and biomass of fish generations during the life cycle with natural mortality depending on the age of fish, quantitative characteristics of the conditional population of the Caspian Beluga, which is formed with an annual replenishment of 1.0 million copies, are calculated. young of the year. Calculations of the number, biomass, annual production and P/B — coefficients were also performed for conditional populations of Volga-Caspian fish included in the Beluga food spectrum. Studies have shown that the number and biomass of generations formed from fingerlings and conditional populations of the studied species depends on the growth rate of their young in the first year of life, as well as on the size and body weight at which 50 % of the individuals of the generations Mature. Among the studied fish species, Beluga is the most productive. The lowest generation productivity and high natural mortality are observed in populations of short-cycle, early-maturing fish-Caspian keels, gobies, aterines, etc. The number of generations of the studied species changes during their life according to decreasing curves, the biomass-according to single-vertex parabolic curves with a maximum occurring at the age of 50 % of puberty. The highest annual output and P/B coefficients are observed in individuals of younger age. Individual and group feed ratios of fish increase with age. Using a physiological method, individual and population nutritional needs of a conditional Beluga population with a 20 % catch of spawning stock were calculated. Based on the obtained data on the absolute age structure of the conditional Beluga population, individual annual food needs and products of the consumed feed base, the volumes of artificial and natural reproduction are calculated, which ensure the formation of reserves and obtaining catches in accordance with its annual food needs and the products of the used feed base.
Feeding of young-of-the-year fishes of the Curonian lagoon of the Baltic sea in 2016
Authors: Naumenko E. N. , Ushakova A. Yu. , Golubkova T. A.
Published: October 2020

Results of studies on nutrition of juvenile fishes of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea are presented. Material on young-of-the-years nutrition was collected in October 2016 during the expeditions of «AtlantNIRO» at 14 standard stations in the Curonian Lagoon. A total of 418 specimens of young-of-the-years were collected and processed. Juveniles of fishes of the Curonian Lagoon were represented by 10 species: pikeperch, bream, roach, perch, smelt, ruffe, three-spined stickleback, ninespine stickleback, bleak and sabrefish. Planktonic and benthic invertebrates formed a basis of the young-of-the-years diet. In most species of juvenile fishes, the nutritional spectra did not differ from the nutritional spectra in the range. An exception was juveniles of the ruff and ninespine stickleback, in which planktonic crustaceans predominated in the diet, while in other reservoirs they consumed bottom organisms. Only Cladocera and Copepoda were found in the diet of roach of juveniles; bottom organisms were absent. In the range of roach juveniles, bottom organisms and mollusks prevailed. The food similarity indices for juvenile fish in the Curonian Lagoon are quite high, which may indicate a tension in food relations between juveniles and (or) partial or complete overlap of their food niches. The weakening of food competition is ensured by the divergence of daily dietary peaks. Three-spined and nine-spined sticklebacks as well as a sabrefish and sticklebacks have the closest food spectrum. On the contrary, sabrefish and bream have a different food spectrum. The peculiarity of feeding of pikeperch juveniles in 2016 was the lack of transition to predatory nutrition.
Hematological indicators of fish of small rivers of the State Nature Reserve «Yaroslavsky»
Authors: Flerova E. A. , Bogdanova A. A. , Payuta A. A. , Evdokimov E. G. , Andreeva M. I.
Published: October 2020

Data on blood and blood-forming organs of species of the cyprinidae and perch family species living in the rivers of the Yaroslavsky State Nature Reserve were obtained. It was revealed that the hematocrit level in the studied species varied in the range of 23–42 %, the total number of erythrocytes was 1.29–2.20 m / μkl, and the number of leukocytes was 65.9–141.2 thousand/ μkl. The relative number of peripheral blood leukocytes varied in the range: lymphocytes 87–90 %, segmented neutrophils — 3–7.5 %, stab neutrophils — 1–4 %, monocytes and eosinophils — 1–3 %. The relative number of lymphocytes in the organs increased in the series mesonephros, spleen, and liver. The number of hemocytoblasts, on the contrary, decreased. The relative number of myelocytes and metamyelocytes in mesonephros and spleen varied from 1 to 3 %, promyelocytes — from 2 to 4.5 %. Of all the species studied in the liver, myelocytes were found only in the bersh; no hemocytoblasts and promyelocytes were found. Regardless of the organ, the relative number of macrophages, plasmocytes and eosinophils varied from 0 to 3 %, stab neutrophils from 3 to 8.5 %. The number of segmented neutrophils in the mesonephros and spleen varied from 3 to 11 %, in the liver this indicator was 1–3 %. The range of obtained values for the studied indicators was comparable with the previously obtained data for the considered fish species living in relatively clean sections of the Rybinsk Reservoir and its tributaries. It was established that the trophic status of the species exerts the greatest influence on the hematocrit level, the total number of peripheral blood leukocytes, and the relative number of leukocytes in peripheral blood and mesonephros.
Interannual variability of water temperature in coastal waters of Eastern Sakhalin in May-June and abnormal cold snap forecast
Authors: Shatilina T. A. , Tsitsiashvili G. Sh. , Radchenkova T. V.
Published: October 2020

The analysis of water temperature interannual variability at weather stations of Roshydromet network in coastal areas of South-Eastern Sakhalin is carried out. The years of abnormal cold snaps in May and June were determined. The interval recognition method is used for their prediction. It is established, that the months preceding the anomalous ones have high recognition coefficients. To verify the results, baric maps for months with the highest recognition coefficients are constructed. General dynamics pattern of the prior pressure fields that determine extreme cold thermal regimes in the coastal waters of southeastern Sakhalin has been found. These years are distinguished by the presence of tropospheric depressions or tropospheric cyclonic vortex over the Sea of Okhotsk in winter season. Method for predicting of extreme cold events during the period of pink salmon growth in estuaries is developed for southeastern Sakhalin. Using this method, abnormal cooling of coastal waters could be predicted by dynamics of baric fields in advance of 1–5 months. This approach can be applied for other areas of pink salmon habitat at different stages of its life cycle. The method is based on relationships with strong correlation; results of forecasting could be verified by the baric fields plotting.
The influence of oceanological conditions on the location of pelagic fish fishing areas in the Pacific waters of the Kuril Islands during cold 2017 and warm 2018
Authors: Novikov Yu. V. , Antonenko D. V. , Nikitin A. A.
Published: October 2020

Formation of the surface structure mechanism of the South Kuril waters in the last two years has undergone significant changes. Therefore, the “cold” type of hydrological conditions prevailed in the South Kuril area during August-November 2017. The surface water temperature was below the norm by 1–2 °C. On the contrary, the “warm” type of hydrological conditions prevailed in the South Kuril area during August-November 2018 and the water temperature in the area under consideration was 1–3 °C higher than the average for many years. Saury fishing in 2018, as in 2017, began in the second decade of August on the peripheral fronts of the Ask eddy and continued here until the second decade of September. At the end of September, the fishing area formed in the southwestern part of the EEZ of the Russian Federation and, unlike last year, it remained until the beginning of the third decade of October. The “warm” type of hydrological conditions causes this duration of the fishery. Saury moved outside the EEZ in late October. Fishing for sardines and mackerel began in mid-July 2018 and was carried out on the northern periphery of the eddy A’. However, at the end of October, unlike in 2017, fishing here practically stopped due to a decrease in the temperature drops at the peripheral fronts of the eddy caused by the high temperature of the surface waters of the Oyasio current. In late October — the first half of November in 2018, mackerel and sardine fished in high-gradient areas of the Northern Subarctic Front (NSAF) close to the eastern and southern borders of the Russian EEZ. During fishing season 2018, in contrast to the previous year, schools of sardines and mackerel remained much longer in the economic zone of Russia.
LIVING WITH COVID-19: A SCHOOL GOING CHILD'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dalmia Avanee , Tadia Vijay Kumar , Vij Aarti
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
The world is experiencing unprecedented challenges from COVID-19, the coronavirus pandemic. Children are less susceptible, yet their lives have changed in profound ways. They are hit the hardest by psychosocial impact of this pandemic. This is a universal crisis and the impact will be lifelong for some children. Being quarantined in homes and institutions can impose greater psychological burden than the physical sufferings that may be caused by the virus. Closure of schools, lack of outdoor activity, etc. can potentially create monotony, distress, impatience, annoyance and varied neuropsychiatric manifestations.
Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of school going children towards COVID-19 pandemic in order to create child centric communication to address their most important concerns.
Materials and Methods:
A Cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted during the month of May & June 2020. The data was collected by Snowball sampling through a national level survey. The study population included all the school going children willing to participate in the study and this included children from private schools, government schools and schools for the specially abled.
Results:
Respondents - About 7,000 responses were obtained from almost all states and union territories. A few international responses from countries such as Indonesia, USA, Australia, Japan, UK etc were also received. Most of the respondents were of age 14 or below with almost equal gender distribution. The top 5 responding regions were Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha and Rajasthan.
Causes of spread - About half (50%) of the respondents felt that either meeting an infected person or touching something that they had touched would lead to the spread of the virus. Most children felt that they can avoid catching the virus by:
1. Maintaining a 6 feet distance between one another
2. Washing hands regularly
3. Avoiding crowded areas.
Communication channels: The main channel of communication for information has been news channels for people in majority of the states, of all age groups as well as both genders. The second most used channel of communication has been social media for a few states and government advisories for others.
Fears - Most of the respondents were scared of the fact that it is uncertain when COVID-19 will end while others were concerned over no cure being found as yet. This trend was similar between different age groups, genders and majority of the states.
Hopes - Children in most states and of both genders are mostly looking forward to being able to go to normal school once again while children above the age of 17 are looking forward to going out once the pandemic ends.
Conclusion:
The children were aware of the basic facts about the virus, the mode of its spread, methods of prevention of the infection. They want to know when the pandemic would end, how to live with it, how an infected person could be cured and when the vaccine would be made availalbe.
FREQUENCY OF BONE MARROW INVOLVEMENT IN CASES OF LYMPHOMA: A HOSPITAL BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Mahajan Surbhi , Bhardwaj Subhash , Sharma Poonam
Published: October 2020

Background: In patients with lymphoma, bone marrow involvement is definite evidence of disseminated disease and hence assessment of bone marrow status in these patients provides important information for decisions regarding treatment. Aim: To determine frequency of bone marrow involvement in cases of lymphoma. Results: Out of 60 histologically confirmed lymphoma patients, 51(85%) patients were of Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 9 (15%) patients were of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. International working formulation was followed to classify Non Hodgkin Lymphoma into low, intermediate and high grade. The low grade Non Hodgkin lymphoma cases comprised of 41.18% (21/51), high grade 39.21% (20/51) and intermediate grade 19.61% (10/51) cases. Out of 9 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cases, 8 (88.9%) were of classical type and there was a single case (11.1%) of lymphocytic predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma. 25 (41.7%) cases showed bone marrow infiltration by the atypical lymphomatous cells. Bone marrow involvement was seen in 47.05% (24/51) cases of NHL. Among Non Hodgkin lymphoma cases, maximum involvement was seen in low grade NHL 57.14% (12/21) followed by intermediate grade NHL 50% (5/10) & minimum was seen in high grade NHL 35% (7/20). Conclusion: Thorough examination of bone marrow in lymphoma patients can increase the diagnostic accuracy as it may be the single most important finding in a patient with an otherwise localized disease thereby contributing to the prognosis and appropriate treatment modalities.