bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monroy Gálvez, Juan. Las pretensiones en el contencioso administrativo. Lima: Palestra Editores, 2023
Authors: Paredes Reyes Vivian Nicole
Published: July 2024

El libro Las pretensiones en el contencioso administrativo, publicado en mar zo de 2023 y distribuido por Palestra Editores, fue escrito por Juan Monroy Gálvez, docente universitario de Filosofía y Ciencias Sociales, abogado por la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y exvicepresidente de la comisión que elaboró el Código Procesal Civil de 1993. Esta publicación está compuesta por nueve capítulos y se divide en tres partes. En ellos, el autor se encarga de identificar, analizar y provocar la reflexión sobre el procedimiento contencioso administrativo.
Nutrición enteral en neonatos
Authors: Romero Karla , Sumba Veronica , Mesa Isabel
Published: July 2024

La nutrición enteral es un procedimiento de soporte nutricional efectivo utilizado actualmente para los pacientes que se encuentran en estado crítico, que se les dificulta la ingesta de alimentos que consiste en la administración de los nutrientes necesarios. El objetivo fue describir información actualizada sobre la intervención de enfermería en la administración de la nutricio enteral en los neonatos. En la metodología se realizó una revisión bibliografía descriptiva, en las bases de datos Scopus, Proquest, Web of Science, Scielo, Pubmed, Redalyc, además, en la página web de la OMS, OPS. De acuerdo con los diferentes criterios de inclusión, artículos en idioma español, inglés y portugués, estudios con recorte temporal 2019 al 2024, En la búsqueda se obtuvieron 702 artículos, de los cuales a través de una revisión exhaustiva se analizaron 49 documentos. Como resultados son los requerimientos de nutrición enteral están establecidos por inmadurez del reflejo de succión, alteraciones orofaciales, alteraciones en la deglución y esofágicas, imposibilidad para la ingesta, crecimiento intrauterino retardado, hemodinámica mente inestables, con un peso menor de 1500 gramos. Para concluir era necesario la capacitación continua de nutrición enteral en neonatos, debido al sin número de factores asociados y complicaciones que pueden desencadenar durante este procedimiento que podrían deterioran la salud del paciente.
La audiencia de flagrancia y la vulneración de derecho a la defensa en la igualdad de recopilar elementos de convicción de descargo a favor del detenido
Authors: Lucero Suco Bolívar Agustín , Durán Ramírez Andrea Lisseth
Published: July 2024

La audiencia de flagrancia en el sistema judicial ecuatoriano plantea desafíos respecto al respeto de los derechos del detenido, especialmente su derecho de defensa y la recolección de elementos de descargo. Este estudio analiza cómo el breve tiempo disponible para esta audiencia afecta la capacidad del detenido para ejercer sus derechos fundamentales. El objetivo es analizar el impacto de esta audiencia en el derecho de defensa del detenido, centrándose en la obtención de elementos de descargo a su favor, identificando deficiencias en el sistema actual y proponiendo soluciones. Se utilizó una metodología que combinó métodos inductivos y deductivos, así como un enfoque analítico sintético y encuestas a profesionales del derecho del Cantón Paute, Provincia del Azuay, en 2022. Los resultados muestran que el tiempo limitado para la audiencia de flagrancia restringe la capacidad del detenido para reunir elementos de descargo. Se identificaron deficiencias en el sistema, como la falta de oportunidades para la participación efectiva del detenido y la consideración adecuada de los elementos de descargo. Se concluye la necesidad de reformar el sistema para garantizar el pleno respeto de los derechos del detenido, mediante medidas que permitan su participación activa y una consideración justa de los elementos de descargo, buscando así una administración de justicia más equitativa y respetuosa de los derechos humanos en Ecuador.
Veterinary Drug Use Pattern in livestock and Its Public Health Significance, Gondar Town Veterinary Clinic, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Mekoya Teklu Yitbarek , Fentahun Selamawit
Published: July 2024

A cross-sectional and retrospective study design and simple random sampling strategy was conducted in Gondar town veterinary clinic, northern Ethiopia with the aim of evaluating drug use pattern and show public health significance of irrational veterinary drug use. A total of 2117 drugs were prescribed to 1717 veterinary patients randomly selected from the case registry in this study. The result indicates average number of drugs prescribed per case was 1.23 and the maximum of three drugs was prescribed. The percentages of antimicrobial, anthelmintic, endectocide and other drugs prescribed were 1182 (55.7%), 481 (22.7%), 426 (20.1%), and 28 (1.3%), respectively. All patients were treated without correct laboratory support. As a result, antimicrobials were inappropriately prescribed in 1.4% of viral diseases, 0.2% of external parasitic diseases, 0.8% of internal parasitic diseases, 0.3% of metabolic diseases, 0.1% of fungal diseases, and anthelmintics in 0.1% of bacterial diseases and 0.5% of external parasitic diseases. 2013/2117 (95.1%) the route of administration of the prescribed drugs was not stated. Clinic professionals were 80% animal health assistants and 20% veterinarians. The results reveal problems with correct diagnosis, low level of education of prescribers, few essential drugs, absence of standard veterinary drug lists, and inappropriate drug use; these all principals to public health significance. Therefore, the availability of key essential drugs should improve and available drugs be prescribed with its appropriate doses, routes, and regimens. Veterinarians should be made aware of the irrational use of veterinary drugs and their public health implications.
Soil Nutrient Inflow-Outflow Dynamics and Balance on Agricultural Cultivated Farms in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Esubalew Tilahun , Amare Tadele , Molla Eyayu
Published: July 2024

Soil fertility is the controlling factor of  agricultural production worldwide including Waghimera zone, Ethiopia. However, it has been diminished from time to time and leads to low crop yield. Measuring of soil nutrient inflow-outflow affords necessary information about the current nutrient status of the soils, and to take appropriate nutrient management practices. The study was conducted to estimate the full soil nutrient balance of cultivated farms in the northern, of Ethiopia, in the 2020/21 main season. Inflow and Outflow of N, P, and K into, and out of farms were measured through the interview, field measurement, laboratory analysis, USLE model, and pedo-transfer functions. The full N balance of barley, tef, and wheat were -66.7, -8.9, and -47.1 kg ha-1 yr-1, respectively. P full balance was -5.4, 1.4, and -1.9 kg ha-1 yr-1 for barley, tef, and wheat farms, respectively. Whereas, K balance was also -12.4, -3.3, and -6 kg ha-1 yr-1 for barley, tef, a nd wheat, respectively. The balance quantification was done by subtracting nutrient outflows from the inflows. The results revealed that N, P, and K had negative balances except for P in tef. Grain yield and crop residue removal were the major paths of nutrient loss. To sustain, and boost agricultural production, reversing the imbalance between inflows, and outflows is critically essential for the study area. The current highly depleted nutrient should be corrected by adding sufficient organic, and inorganic nutrient sources, like in situ manuring, biochar, green manure, and remaining crop residue in the fields.
Analysis of Farmer's Perception and Constraints on Dairy Cooperatives in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Abateneh , Abebe Azanaw , Balew Mulugeta , Assefa Desyalew , Kehali Senait
Published: July 2024

This study was done to examine the farmer’s perception and constraints on dairy cooperatives in Amhara region, Ethiopia. A sample of 266 smallholder dairy farmers was selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Perception of farmers was analyzed using relative importance index, and constraints of dairy cooperative performance were analyzed using Henry Garrett's ranking technique.  The result indicates that farmers have a positive perception of certain attributes of dairy cooperatives; such as increasing social networks, improving income, and serving as a saving source. This suggests that farmers believe these aspects of dairy cooperatives are beneficial. Conversely, farmers have concerns and dissatisfaction with the way the cooperative is running, the loyalty of members to the cooperative, member's treatment by cooperatives, and the decision-making process. The study also identified that lack of milk processing facilities, poor member awareness, and member involvement in the decision-making process are the foremost internal challenges of dairy cooperatives, while high cost of cross-breed cows, occurrence of animal disease, and low productivity of local breed cows are external constraints hindering dairy cooperative performance. Thus, to enhance farmers' perception and participation in cooperative activities, emphasis should be given to addressing concerns and improving the overall functioning of dairy cooperatives.
Formação de animadores socioculturais
Authors: Fonte Rui
Published: July 2024

“Formação de Animadores Socioculturais” é um artigo que pretende criar as condições necessárias para desvendar em que moldes se desenha a formação de animadores socioculturais, independentemente do grau ou nível de ensino. Tentou-se balizar o artigo em quatro aspetos-chave, nomeadamente o aluno, o formador, o currículo e, por fim, a escola. É possível, ao longo de todo o artigo, constatar que, apesar de a formação em Animação Sociocultural, nos diferentes níveis de ensino, ter sofrido uma evolução positiva, há ainda muito trabalho a fazer para acompanhar as constantes mudanças verificadas na sociedade, no sentido de ir ao encontro das reais necessidades dos atores locais, principalmente no que respeita à formação dos formadores e às condições das infraestruturas e equipamentos utilizados na formação de animadores socioculturais.
Alteração dos hábitos alimentares: um caso do ensino superior português
Authors: Daniel Venâncio, Hugo Medeiros, Rafael Macedo, Tiago Pires  , Vera Ferro Lebres, António Fernandes
Published: July 2024

Neste estudo pretende-se verificar uma possível alteração nos hábitos alimentares dos jovens que ingressam, pela primeira vez, no ensino superior português. Num estudo longitudinal e analítico, avaliaram-se as alterações nos hábitos alimentares dos jovens com a entrada no ensino superior. Para isso, foi selecionada uma amostra aleatória de 301 estudantes matriculados no primeiro ano nas escolas do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Os dados foram recolhidos em duas fases distintas com recurso a um questionário de autopreenchimento elaborado para o efeito e fornecido in loco. O tratamento dos dados envolveu o uso do SPSS 17.0 e dos testes T-Student, Kolmogorov- Smirnov, Levene, Wilcoxon, Sinal e Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon. Verificou-se que, após a entrada no ensino superior, os alunos consomem significativamente mais energia, que aumenta, em média, de 2550Kcal para 2945Kcal. Igualmente, o consumo de álcool aumentou de 3,7g para 10g. Relativamente aos hidratos de carbono e proteínas, apesar de o consumo em gramas aumentar significativamente, não se verifica uma alteração das proporções relativamente ao consumo energético total. No que respeita aos lípidos, ocorre uma diminuição da percentagem em relação ao consumo energético total. Conclui-se que, com a entrada no ensino superior, os hábitos alimentares dos jovens se alteram, passando a haver um consumo energético e alcoólico significativamente superior. Os resultados desta investigação evidenciam a importância da continuidade de investigações nesta área de estudo, no sentido de identificar as causas destas alterações dietéticas, que contribuam para o delineamento de intervenções eficazes na prevenção do alcoolismo nas populações de estudantes do ensino superior.
Evolução do desemprego regional em portugal entre 2004 e 2009: aplicação da análise shift-share
Authors: Nunes Alcina , Barros Elisa
Published: July 2024

Nos últimos anos, devido a condições económicas adversas, tem-se verificado um crescimento do desemprego registado em Portugal. O crescimento do número de desempregados registados nos serviços nacionais de emprego em Portugal é não só uma realidade nacional, mas também um problema que tem afetado, de diferente forma, as regiões que compõem o território continental. Adicionalmente, têm-se verificado alterações ao nível das caraterísticas que definem o perfil do desempregado em cada uma das NUTII (Nomenclaturas de Unidades Territoriais) em que se divide a economia. De forma a analisar a evolução do desemprego registado, combinando a realidade nacional com as caraterísticas estruturais e regionais associadas ao fenómeno, adota-se a metodologia shift-share. A divisão da variação do desemprego registado, entre 2004 e 2009, nas componentes nacional, estrutural e regional permite concluir que, se em algumas das regiões nacionais o fenómeno do desemprego acompanha a tendência nacional, noutras esse fenómeno tem evoluído por motivos intrinsecamente regionais ou estruturais.
EL CÓDIGO DE LOS DERECHOS DE LAS VÍCTIMAS (I Y II) (3ª ED.)
Authors: GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ MANUEL JOSÉ
Published: July 2024

Incluye, clasifica y ordena en una única colección legislativa los textos jurídicos más significativos promulgados durante los últimos años para el reconocimiento, protección y tutela de los derechos de las víctimas en nuestro sistema jurídico. También ofrece una versión completa y actualizada del ordenamiento jurídico nacional, internacional y europeo en este ámbito de la justicia.
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: Dudić Branislav ,   Faculty of Management, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: July 2024

The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the global development and sustainability of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicles. Production of various renewable energy sources has proven to be sustainable; however, with certain types of renewable energy sources, due to the cyclical nature of natural resources, energy production is not constant, and energy production needs to be more balanced with consumption needs. In the future, this problem could be alleviated if global energy storage capacity were improved and expanded. Today, batteries are an important but underutilized energy source for electric cars. LIBs have a long history behind them and currently play the most crucial role in the electric car industry. LIBs are primarily characterized by high energy and power density, which makes them incomparably competitive for use in electric cars. The research presents and processes in detail segments related to the development, principle of operation, and sustainability of LIBs, as well as the global manufacturing capacity of LIBs for electric vehicles.
Tối ưu hoá điều kiện PCR trong khuếch đại đoạn Intron 2 của gen leptin và vùng 5’Utr của gen thyroglobulin trên DNA tách chiết từ gốc lông bò
Authors: Lê Quỳnh Châu Hồ , Thị Hương Dương , Thị Thanh Trà Thân , Văn Dũng Đinh , Hữu Văn Nguyễn , Đình Phùng Lê
Published: July 2024

Đoạn intron 2 của gen leptin (LEP) và vùng 5’ không dịch mã (5’ UTR) của gen thyroglobulin (TG5) được xem là gen dự tuyển để chọn lọc các tính trạng liên quan đến năng suất và chất lượng thịt bò. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm tối ưu hoá các điều kiện PCR trong việc phát hiện khuếch đại đoạn gen LEP và TG5. Các mẫu gốc lông bò được sử dụng để tách chiết DNA tổng số bằng AccuRive sDNA/RNA Prep kit của KT Biotech. Trong 20µl thể tích phản ứng có chứa 1,25 µM mồi; 200mM dNTP; 1× PCR buffer; 0,75 đơn vị Taq polymerase và DNA tổng số. PCR được tối ưu với việc xác định nhiệt độ gắn mồi và nồng độ DNA khuôn mẫu. Nồng độ DNA khuôn mẫu được thăm dò trong khoảng 25-150 ng. Khoảng nhiệt độ gắn mồi được khảo sát là 55-64°C đối với cặp mồi LEPF/LEPR và 52-58°C đối với cặp mồi TGF/TGR. Kết quả cho thấy khoảng nhiệt độ gắn mồi phù hợp để khuếch đại gen LEP bằng cặp mồi LEPF/LEPR là 58-62°C, tối ưu ở 62°C. Trong khi đó, nhiệt độ gắn mồi cho sản phẩm khuếch đại đặc hiệu khi sử dụng cặp mồi TGF/TGR trong khoảng 52-58oC, tối ưu ở 55°C. Nồng độ DNA tổng số phù hợp cho khuếch đại hai gen nói trên là 50-75 ng khi sử dụng nồng độ mồi mỗi loại là 1,25 µM. Trong trường hợp cần sử dụng kỹ thuật multiplex PCR để khuếch đại đồng thời 2 gen LEP và TG5, có thể tiến hành gắn mồi ở nhiệt độ 58oC.
Ảnh hưởng của các mức lá sắn dây (Pueraria thomsonii Benth.) trong khẩu phần đến đặc điểm thân thịt và chất lượng thịt thỏ
Authors: Thị Lan Phương Lê , Minh Hoàn Nguyễn , Thị Thu Phương Vũ , Thị Thu Hiền Đặng , Thị Quỳnh Anh Hồ , Thị Thủy Tiên Nguyễn , Nữ Anh Thư Lê , Kongvilay Sayasane
Published: July 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên thỏ địa phương nhằm xác định ảnh hưởng của các mức thay thế cỏ Para bằng lá sắn dây (Pueraria thomsonii Benth.) trong khẩu phần đến đặc điểm thân thịt và chất lượng của thịt thỏ. Bốn mươi thỏ địa phương được bố trí ngẫu nhiên vào 5 nghiệm thức với 4 lần lặp lại. Năm nghiệm thức tương ứng với 5 mức thay thế cỏ Para bằng sắn dây trong khẩu phần (0%; 25%; 50%; 75% và 100%). Kết quả thu được cho thấy các mức thay thế cỏ Para bằng lá sắn dây trong khẩu phần không làm ảnh hưởng đến các chỉ tiêu đặc điểm thân thịt và chất lượng thịt của thỏ (p>0,05), ngoại trừ vật chất khô và protein thô trong thịt thỏ (p<0,05). Khối lượng thân thịt nóng chiếm 51,2-55,2% khối lượng sống của thỏ tại thời điểm giết mổ và phần chân sau chiếm 36,5-38,5% khối lượng thân thịt nóng. Thịt thỏ có pH thịt ổn định và axít hóa hoàn toàn sau 24 giờ giết mổ. Thịt thỏ tươi có lượng vật chất khô dao động 25,1-25,9 g/100g thịt, protein dao động 21,7-22,1g/10 0g thịt, chất béo tổng số là 1,8-2,3 g/100g thịt và năng lượng thô dao động 110,3-115,6 kcal/100g thịt. Từ các kết quả thu được cho thấy có thể sử dụng lá sắn dây thay thế hoàn toàn cỏ Para trong khẩu phần không ảnh hưởng đến đặc điểm thân thịt và chất lượng thịt thỏ.
Đánh giá tỷ lệ sống và sinh trưởng mô hình trồng cây thiên niên kiện {Homalomena occulta (Lour.) Schott} dưới tán rừng trồng và trên đất không có rừng ở tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế
Authors: Cường Phạm , Thái Hùng Lê , Đăng Nguyên Hồ
Published: July 2024

Nghiên cứu đánh giá sinh trưởng cây thiên niên kiện trồng dưới tán rừng trồng và trồng trên đất không có rừng ở tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế năm 2023 nhằm cung cấp những cơ sở khoa học xây dựng nội dung kỹ thuật trồng phát triển vùng nguyên liệu tập trung. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng, cây thiên niên kiện có khả năng sinh trưởng tốt khi trồng dưới tán rừng trồng và trồng thâm canh tập trung trên đất trống. Cây thiên niên kiện sống tốt dưới tán rừng và số liệu phân tích cho thấy độ tàn che  từ 0,6-0,8 và bón phân NPK liều lượng 25 g/cây cho cây sinh trưởng và phát triển hiệu quả; sau 11 tháng trồng tỷ lệ cây sống đạt 95,0%, chiều cao cây 27,20 cm, chiều cao thân rễ 2,62 cm,  đường kính gốc đạt 1,26 cm và có trên1,47 chồi/cây. Trồng cây thiên niên kiện tập trung thâm canh có độ che sáng 75%, 2 ngày tưới nước 1 lần với liều lượng 2 lít/m2 và bón phân chăm sóc 50 g NPK/cây có tỷ lệ sống đạt trên 98,3% và cho cây sinh tưởng tốt với chiều cao cây đạt 28,31 cm, chiều cao thân rễ 3,44 cm, đường kính gốc 1,76 cm và có 2,20 chồi/cây sau 11 tháng trồng. Nghiên cứu bước đầu đã xác định một số nội dung kỹ thuật trồng cây thiên niên kiện hiệu quả và cần có những nghiên cứu đánh giá năng suất và chất lượng tinh dầu thiên niên kiện trên các biện pháp kỹ thuật thâm canh để có cơ sở khoa học áp dụng vào sản xuất đại trà ở tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế.
Tempe “Mendol” as Traditional Side Dish for Rural Gastronomy Tourism in Malang, East Java.
Authors: Sandy Dwiputra Yubianto
Published: July 2024

Indonesia is well known for its manmade food creation called tempe. People fell in love with the crispy and tanginess that tempe produced due to its fermentation process of the raw ingredients which is soybean. This product is highly varied upon its forms and processing techniques. One of the most famous menu is mendol. Mendol is created by letting Tempe pass  beyond the ripping stage and passing the peak of its quality to go almost starting to rotten slowly. This unique dishes has made most of the local people able to process a product that way passed its expiry date and still edible. This study focused on examining the potential of mendol to become the iconic and unique product for Gastronomy in East Java.  The study uses literature review to see the potential in exposing mendol for Gastronomy Tourism and to seek the possible market for this kind of tourism. the research resulted in the possibility of bringing back Mendol as part of the commercial dishes in gastronomy tourism seems to be applicable. This also helps the destination in retaining as well as gaining new visitor via the marketing of local food and mendol is one of the traditional food that has its own unique story for East Java especially Malang area.
Upaya Mengatasi Miskonsepsi Siswa pada Penjumlahan Vektor dengan Problem Based Learning
Authors: Rachmasari Sekar , Prayitno Anton , Rahayuningsih Sri
Published: July 2024

Miskonsepsi merupakan suatu hal yang perlu dihindari baik oleh guru maupun siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Salah satu konsep matematika yang masih terdapat miskonsepsi oleh siswa yaitu materi penjumlahan vektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi yang umum terjadi pada siswa dalam penjumlahan vektor dan mengevaluasi efektivitas model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam mengatasi miskonsepsi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR), di mana berbagai penelitian yang relevan dikumpulkan, dianalisis, dan disintesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PBL efektif dalam mengurangi miskonsepsi dan meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual siswa terhadap penjumlahan vektor. Siswa yang belajar menggunakan PBL menunjukkan kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam mengaplikasikan konsep penjumlahan vektor dalam berbagai konteks. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi pengembangan metode pengajaran yang lebih efektif dalam bidang pendidikan matematika.
Integrating Digital Learning in English Reading Classes: Experiences of Indonesian Higher Education Lecturers
Authors: Astri Zul , Noni Nurdin , Halim Abd
Published: July 2024

This study investigates lecturers' experiences implementing digital learning in English reading classes in Indonesian higher education. With the widespread adoption of digital technology, English reading classes that previously relied on printed texts and face-to-face interactions increasingly integrate digital tools to enhance student engagement and comprehension. This research uses a qualitative approach to explore lecturers' experiences adapting their teaching methodologies with digital tools. The purposive sample involves five lecturers teaching English reading classes at Maros Muslim University who have experience with traditional methods and digital learning, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through one-on-one interviews, providing rich, detailed accounts of how lecturers integrate digital learning into their teaching practices. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data, following the methodological framework of Braun & Clarke (2006). This approach involved systematically identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within the data. The findings reveal that lecturers demonstrate high flexibility in using various digital devices such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets to meet different teaching needs. Lecturers also emphasize the importance of the interactive capabilities of digital tools, which can transform passive reading into a more dynamic and engaging experience. However, they also acknowledge the value of traditional learning materials like printed books, which remain important for tasks requiring deep engagement and critical thinking. The study highlights the need to balance digital and traditional learning resources to create inclusive and effective learning environments. The lecturers' experiences adapting to digital tools are crucial for successfully implementing digital learning and improving educational outcomes. This study provides valuable insights into the practical realities of digital learning implementation and strategies to support lecturers in this transition process.
Perancangan Aplikasi Istilah Olahraga Berbasis Mobile dengan Penerapan Algoritma Apostolico-Giancarlo
Authors: Yus Mori Silitonga Frans
Published: July 2024

In this era of globalization, it is very necessary to have an information system that is fast and ready to use due to increasingly sophisticated human civilization and humans themselves are required to be able to adapt to these developments. Especially in the development of sports in information technology. The application design process carried out is still difficult to find the meaning of certain sports terms in sports. In order to overcome this problem, the author applies the apostolico-giancarlo algorithm to the application of mobile-based sports terms that can facilitate the information search process, compared to those who still have to search for books which require a relatively long time in searching for the meaning of sport. With the program design that has been made by the author for the general public, especially sportsmen, it is hoped that it can help in the process of finding information. The program in the form of Eclipse Juno consists of several searching, biodata, and closing
Penerapan Metode Transportasi Untuk Analisa Pengiriman Barang Pada PT Cargo Indonesia Medan
Authors: Togatorop R.G. Frenton
Published: July 2024

Delivery of goods at this time has become an urgent need, because if there is no delivery of goods between regions, there will be inequality of needs in an area. Of course, the delivery of goods is also very important for a country, because the delivery of goods is one way to sell domestic products abroad, and of course this makes a country prosperous. The transportation problem is one of the methods of solving linear programming problems whose solution can be done by using the simplex method or by using special techniques called transportation technic whose solutions are more efficient. Least Cost method is a method that makes allocations based on the lowest cost. By using this method, it is easier for PT. Indah Cargo is in the process of delivering goods
MENGEMBANGKAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI MANAJEMEN KELAS DI SMP MUMAMMADIYAH 10 SIDOARJO
Authors: M. Athoiful Fanan  , Islamiya Izzatul
Published: July 2024

Fokus penelitian ini adalah tentang mengembangkan pendidikan karakter melalui manajemen kelas di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana guru dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter siswa melalui manajemen kelas di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah waka kesiswaaan sekaligus guru bahasa Indonesia di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yaitu redusi data, penyajian data, dan penyimpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter melalui manajemen kelas di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo terdiri dari 3 hal: pertama sekolah memiliki program unggulan, kedua guru menjadi teladan yang baik, ketiga guru memiliki strategi tersendiri. Kendala dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter melalui manajemen kelas terletak pada peserta didik yang memiliki sifat kurang jujur. Solusi dalam hal ini adalah harus ada hubungan dan komunikasi yang baik antara guru dan orang tua dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter.
Kata Kunci: Mengembangkan Pendidikan karakter; Manajemen kelas.
 
 
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Narwanti Sri, (2011), Pendidikan Karakter pengintegrasian 18 nilai pembentuk karakter dalam mata pelajaran, (Yogyakarta: Famili (Grup Relasi Inti Media)
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Saminanto, (2012), Mengembangkan RPP Paikem, EEK, Dan Berkarakter,  Semarang: RaSAIL Media Grup.
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Stylistic Analysis of Francis Bacon’s Selected Essays
Authors: Ahmad Khaled Ahmad Sarwary , Samsor Zalmai
Published: July 2024

This paper is an attempt to analyze stylistically Bacon’s essays.  The main purpose of this study is to analyze the writing style of Francis Bacon in the following selected essays (Of Studies, Of Revenge, OF Ambition, and Of Marriage and Single Live).  Researchers analyzed the writing style of Bacon in these essays, specifically the aphoristic style. One of the most crucial characteristics of Bacon’s essays style is aphorism. It is a style which specified by direct, straightforward, pithy and concise language. Apart from this, utilitarianism which is another feature of Bacon’s essays style, has been clarified clearly. Utilitarianism is a philosophy of thought that maintain and support that the foremost actions are those that create the most happiness for the greatest number of people. In fact, researchers have found some elements regarding the selected essays such as didacticism, mannerism as well as worldly wisdom that introduce Francis Bacon as utilitarian writer. Moreover, other crucial elements of Bacon’s essays such as quotations, impersonality, as well as paragraph have been analyzed very briefly in this paper. Actually, this study is based on qualitative research. Research design was the textual analysis in order to analyze the text. The main instrument was the text of Francis Bacon’s selected essays. The data were in the form of lines, sentences, phrases and words. To analyze the text, the researchers have used steps such as paraphrasing, analyzing, identification and classification. Finally, the result of this study shows the writing style of Francis Bacon which is based on the aphoristic, utilitarianism and other significant elements, like usage of impressive quotations, unique paragraph and Bacon’s objectivity regarding to his essays.
Some Measures to Manage the Quality of Training Programs According to AUN-QA Standards at the Faculty of Education, Saigon University
Authors: Dung Nguyen Huy
Published: July 2024

In the context of globalization, countries not only compete in the fields of economics, science and technology, goods and services but also compete in the quality of education. In 2016, the AUN organization’s set of educational evaluation standards version 2.0 was launched, helping educational institutions in Southeast Asia in general and Vietnam in particular to improve and enhance the quality of education in a prompt sustainable way. The set of standards has been improved in Version 4.0 issued in 2022. Saigon University is a public university that has focused on improving the quality of education through applying the standards and criteria of the AUN-QA model to the quality management of training programs. In this article, we want to find optimal measures to improve the quality of training programs according to AUN-QA standards at the Faculty of Education, Saigon University to meet the needs of society.
The Motif of Language Dominance that Used on Coffee Shop Signboards in Padang City
Authors: Denil Mauli , Simpen I Wayan , Suparwa I Nyoman , Putu Putra Anak Agung
Published: July 2024

This study offers a fresh perspective on Linguistic Landscapes (LL) by employing language mapping to analyze the frequency and distribution of language usage. The population data comprised 60 signboards from coffee shops and tourism spots in Padang city center. Qualitative methods were utilized for data collection, with analysis conducted using GIS (Geographic et al.) and Adobe Photoshop, representing innovative approaches in LL research. The analysis commenced with quantifying language usage, encompassing mono/bi/multilingual forms on coffee shop signboards. Subsequently, language mapping was employed to illustrate language distribution and highlight motif of linguistic dominance that used on coffee shop signboards in specific areas on the map. Findings revealed the presence of 12 languages on coffee shop signage, reflecting the global influence and societal preference for modernization. Despite the prominence of foreign languages, Indonesian emerged as the most frequently used, indicating relatively successful implementation of Presidential Regulation No.63 of 2019, although inconsistencies persist
Development of History E-Modules: Book Creator Application as a Learning Innovation in the Era of Independent Learning
Authors: Wariastuti Dini , Hamid K Abdul , Tanjung Samsidar
Published: July 2024

This research aims to produce E-module products, analyze the feasibility of E-modules, analyze the practicality of E-modules, and determine the effectiveness of E-modules. Research and development methodology uses the ADDIE model, which consists of stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Development of the E Module using Book Creator on the history subject of the independent era studied at SMAS Panca Budi Medan. The research results show: Based on the results of material expert validity tests, the E Module using Book Creator in the History of the Independent Learning Era subject is very suitable for use with an average gain of 90.7%; the results of the media expert validity test, E Module using Book Creator in the History subject, are very feasible with an average score of 93.1%; the design expert's validity test results were very feasible with a score of 86%; Based on experiments conducted in the experimental class, where learning used the E Module, the average student learning outcome was 92.93; and the results of the T and N-Gain Score tests on the learning outcomes of experimental class students show that the E Module is effectively used in history learning, where the average gain of the N-Gain Score test is 83.33%, and based on the Independent Samples Test, Sig is obtained. . (2-tailed) of 0.001, where 0.001 < 0.05
Development of Linktree-Based Interactive Learning Media to Improve History Learning Outcomes
Authors: Harna Fadliati , Sibuea Abdul Muin , Tanjung Samsidar
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to produce Linktree learning media products aimed at testing aspects of the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of Linktree-based interactive learning media to improve history learning outcomes in class XI MAN 2 Medan Model. The research and development method used is the ADDIE model. The research results show: (1) The material expert validation test is very feasible with 93.75%. (2) The validation test for media experts is very feasible at 95%. (3) validation test of learning design experts in the very feasible category with 100%. (4) Individual trials in very feasible criteria with 83.92%. (5) The small group trial criteria were very feasible, with 89.83%. (6) Field trials met very feasible criteria with 94.06%, with an overall average result of 93.02%. Then the results of the experiment using Linktree-based interactive learning media using the problem-based learning model approach in the experimental class had an average learning outcome of 89.9, while using Linktree-based interactive learning media with the cooperative learning jigsaw model approach in the control class had an average value of 83.8. Based on the independent T-test, the effectiveness test showed a Sig value. (2-tailed) 0.000 is <0.05, which means it is significant. It was concluded that the Linktree-based interactive learning media with the problem-based learning model approach was effectively used to improve history learning outcomes. Based on the N-Gain calculation, a result of 60.96 was obtained in the quite effective category.
Development of Primary School Teacher Performance Assessment Instruments Based on Main Duties and Functions
Authors: Sari Juria , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Siregar Syamsul Arif
Published: July 2024

This research aims to: create a teacher performance assessment instrument based on main tasks and functions; observe how the teacher performance assessment instrument developed can assess teacher performance well; find out the validity of the teacher performance assessment instrument developed according to material experts and design experts; and find out How effective was the teacher performance assessment instrument developed? The research was conducted at the Region II Elementary School (SD) Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, in January–March 2024, using descriptive data analysis techniques. The development of the training model was carried out using the Thiagarajan Four-D (4-D) development model, which consists of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. Data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, and interviews, which were analyzed descriptively. Research subjects are expert validators, supervisors, school principals, and teachers. The research product is a teacher performance assessment instrument based on the main tasks and functions. The results of the material expert assessment show that in the very good category, the average percentage is 87.50% (very good), design experts are at 90.50% (very good), principal respondents are at 88.50% (very good), and teacher respondents are at 87.44% (very good). Furthermore, teacher performance assessment instruments based on main tasks and functions can be used in implementing teacher performance assessments
Asymptomatic cytomegalovirus gastritis in an immunocompetent COVID-19 patient: a case report
Authors: Najeeb Fizza , Iqbal Maria , Abbas Syed Mohammad Mehmood , Iqbal Tahir
Published: July 2024

A number of complications are associated with COVID-19 due to reduced immunity. Of these, opportunistic infections are of great significance because of their atypical presentation and low detection rates. Co-infection of various parts of the gastrointestinal system with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common occurrence in COVID-19 patients. Dysphagia and odynophagia are the main complaints of oesophagitis caused by CMV. Colitis due to CMV presents with melena, diarrhoea, or constipation. However, gastritis due to the same agent can be asymptomatic or associated with atypical symptoms like fever and epigastric pain. Cytomegalovirus gastritis can be fatal if not detected early. Hence, continued monitoring of routine baseline investigations is imperative until the complete resolution of COVID-19, as prompt diagnosis improves the outcomes.
Keywords: Cytomegalovirus, Cytomegalovirus Infections, case report, COVID-19.
Knowledge and attitude towards the use of pain medications according to WHO cancer pain analgesic ladder in tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan
Authors: Ausaf Ahmed Khan  , Ali Sarfraz Siddiqui  , Mohsin Nazir Butt  , Tanveer Baig  , Gauhar Afshan
Published: July 2024

To assess the knowledge and attitude of practicing physicians and surgeons towards the use of pain medication according to the World Health Organisation cancer pain analgesic ladder, the current study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals of the four provinces of Pakistan. Professionals having experience of treating cancer patients for >2 years were included. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire sent to each participant using Google Forms. Of the 630 physicians approached, 133(21%) responded. Of them, 74(55.64%) participants were familiar with the World Health Organisation analgesic ladder. There was a significant difference in the frequency of using the ladder based on age (p<0.05). Most participants 31(23%) reported the non-availability of the recommended drugs as the reason for not following the analgesic ladder. There is a strong need to educate physicians and surgeons about the World Health Organisation analgesic ladder, and to make strategies to improve opioid availability in Pakistan.
Normoglycemia and type 2 diabetes: exploring secreted frizzled-4, insulin resistance, and waist-height ratio
Authors: Sana Akhlaq  , Saba Khaliq
Published: July 2024

The current study was planned to compare serum levels of secreted frizzled related protein-4, insulin resistance and waist-to-height ratio in individuals with and without a diabetic background, and to assess the correlation of these markers with family history of diabetes. The cross-sectional comparative study comprised 80 subjects with confirmed normal glucose tolerance values. Parameters assessed included secreted frizzled related protein-4, fasting glucose, random glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance and waist-to-height ratio values. Those without a diabetic background had significantly higher frizzled related protein-4 levels (p=0.02). Although subjects with family history of diabetes showed higher mean fasting glucose, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, there was a strong positive correlation with waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fasting insulin and homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (p=0.0001).
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Can the treatment of neighbouring villages be the key to ending the trachoma endemic in rural Pakistan?
Authors: Kareem Rutaab , Tanvir Zahra
Published: July 2024

Madam,
Trachoma is a severe eye condition caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis that can lead to blindness if left untreated. It spreads quickly through direct contact with infected eyes, hand-eye contact, contaminated objects, and flies, making developing countries with overcrowded living conditions and poor sanitation more vulnerable. Trachoma is highly prevalent in more than 50 nations globally. Without proper treatment, it can cause significant damage such as corneal scarring and complete vision loss. Currently, approximately 1.8 million people suffer from blindness due to trachoma. (1) Given these circumstances, it becomes crucial for endemic countries to prioritise efforts to control the spread of trachoma and prevent its potential complications.
A recent study by Mosenia et al. explored the potential impact of treating nearby communities during a trachoma outbreak in Ethiopia. (2) The researchers found that treating nearby communities with azithromycin significantly decreased in trachoma prevalence in 12 months. In fact, in the subgroup where nearby communities received treatment, there was an impressive drop in the prevalence rate from 43% (95% CI:39%-47%) to just 11% (95% CI:9%-14%). In contrast, in communities closer to untreated regions, the prevalence of ocular chlamydia was significantly higher compared to other areas before treatment initiation. Not only did their prevalence rate remain near the baseline of around 46% (38%-54%), but after controlling for various factors, these communities showed a significantly higher frequency of ocular chlamydia.
These findings highlight the effectiveness of community-wide interventions in reducing trachoma transmission and infection rates. Trachoma is a major problem in Pakistan, ranking as the fifth most common cause of blindness according to a 2017 study. (3) Despite efforts to decrease infection rates, trachoma remains endemic in many rural villages, posing a significant public health challenge. (4) Thus treating affected villages and nearby communities, could significantly contribute to eradicating trachoma from these areas. This localized intervention offers a more time and cost-effective solution than largescale methods like improving living conditions or infrastructure. However, it's crucial to address concerns regarding the emergence of a highly drug-resistant strain of typhoid in Pakistan as this limits the use of azithromycin for treatment. Therefore, before implementing such interventions, a comprehensive risk-benefit analysis should be conducted considering the population and the current public health situation in Pakistan. It remains essential for ongoing research efforts to study the effectiveness of this strategy utilizing alternative treatments for trachoma.
PD-L1 and CD8+ T cell evaluation in breast cancers and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters
Authors: Kazmi Sayher , Shawana Sumayyah , Jamal Nighat
Published: July 2024

Objective: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 and intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocyte count in primary breast cancer cases, and to ascertain their association with different clinicopathological parameters.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Navy Station Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from January 2020 to December 2021, and comprised patients of breast cancer regardless of age. Representative tissue blocks, both prospective and from the 2019 institutional archives, were exposed to immunohistochemical staining with Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 and intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocyte antibodies. Pathological and clinical records were used for assessing clinicopathological parameters. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 70 women with mean age 52.04±12.54 years, 30(42.9%) expressed high Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 positivity, and 55(78.6%) revealed low intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocyte count, while 23 (32.9%), had both Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 high positivity and low intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocyte count. The association between Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 and intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocytes was not significant (p=0.813). A strong significant association was observed between Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 expression and progesterone receptor negative status (p=0.008). No significant association was observed with any other clinicopathological parameter.
Conclusion: Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 high positivity and low intratumoural cluster of differentiation-8-positive T lymphocyte count were together observed in one-third of the breast cancer cases. A strong significant association existed between Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 high positivity and progesterone receptor negative status.
Key Words: Breast cancer, Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 protein human, CD8 positive T lymphocytes, Immunohistochemistry.