bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Major cardiovascular events increase in long-term proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors therapy: the Tuscany cost-effective study
Authors: Sbrana Francesco , Dal Pino Beatrice , Bigazzi Federico , Ripoli Andrea , Corciulo Carmen , Lo Surdo Giuseppa , Biagini Stefania , Sampietro Tiziana
Published: September 2023

Background

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) represent a breakthrough in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to perform a multicentre prospective analysis on the effects of PCSK9i since their distribution in Italy.

Methods

During the study period (July 2017 to February 2022) 246 patients (mean age 61 ± 11 years, male 73%) who were evolocumab (142/246) or alirocumab (104/246) new users were enrolled in the CERTI (Costo Efficacia Regione Toscana Inibitori PCSK9) study. Lipid value, adverse events (AEs), major cardiovascular events (MACEs) and intima-media thickness were analysed.

Results

PCSK9i therapy allowed a significant improvement in patients’ lipid profile [total cholesterol −35%, P < 0.001; triglycerides −9%, P < 0.05; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol −51%, P < 0.001; Lp(a) levels −4%, P < 0.05], maintained during the follow-up. No significant variations in intima-media thickness were observed. In the subgroup of patients with more than 1 year of PCSK9i therapy (165/246 patients) we highlighted: a 66% reduction in MACEs compared with the year before recruitment; a progressive increase in MACEs during the follow-up (MACEs event/rate at first year 0.08 vs. MACEs event/rate at year 5: 0.47); a patients cluster with late MACEs older, with higher prevalence of hypertension, smoking habit and peripheral vascular disease. During the follow-up, we recorded AEs in 31% of patients, which mainly resulted in reduction/discontinuation of lipid-lowering therapy for 50 patients or in discontinuation/shift of PCSK9i (respectively 8 and 6 cases).

Conclusion

Our data agree with the large evidence on the effectiveness/tolerability of PCSK9i therapy; however, although PCSK9i represents a good cholesterol-lowering therapeutic option, our study shows a progressive increase in MACEs during the late follow-up that deserve further research.
Existem ocupações recentes no interior do Amazonas?: Reflexões sobre o modo de vida em Tefé/AM
Authors: Araújo Geórgea Layla Holanda de , Lima Anderson Márcio Amaral , Tamanaha Eduardo Kazuo
Published: September 2023

Tradicionalmente, as pesquisas arqueológicas na Amazônia se voltam para as ocupações indígenas pré-coloniais, ou, quando se ocupam do período pós-colonial, se concentram nos grandes centros urbanos. O período histórico pós-colonial em cidades periféricas é, por sua vez, pouco pesquisado. Em resposta a esse panorama, implantou-se o projeto de pesquisa Práticas arqueológicas e gestão do patrimônio cultural: arqueologia urbana na cidade de Tefé, que visa investigar os padrões de ocupações históricas em contextos urbanos em Tefé/AM, um importante e estratégico entreposto comercial do Médio Rio Solimões e que orbitava sob a sombra das metrópoles Belém e Manaus. Os dados iniciais de pesquisa na área central e periférica de Tefé apontam para uma intensa relação sociocultural e comercial entre núcleos urbanos interioranos e os grandes centros, fornecendo os aportes necessários para melhor entender as relações sociais e comerciais entre diferentes regiões da Amazônia.
Tafonomia e taxonomia de moluscos do Sambaqui da Tarioba como ferramenta de discussão dos processos de formação e cronologia
Authors: Alves Arthur Braga , Araújo Júnior Hermínio Ismael de , Gaspar Maria Dulce
Published: September 2023

Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados das análises taxonômicas e tafonômicas dos bioclastos malacológicos do Sambaqui da Tarioba, que indicam uma grande prevalência de Mollusca e seleção antrópica de Bivalvia, com espécies provenientes de ambientes costeiros, fluviais e de mangue. A partir das assinaturas tafonômicas observadas — bioerosão por atividade de alga e fragmentação — foi possível investigar diferentes processos formativos do sítio. As alterações provocadas por atividades de algas podem ocorrer em alguns dos ambientes de captação de recursos, mas também por atividades construtivas dos sambaquianos, gerando a hipótese da superfície do sambaqui como uma zona tafonomicamente ativa (TAZ) ou um momento anterior de preparação e deposição do material construtivo. O grau de fragmentação indicou ação por pisoteio e retrabalhamento dos bioclastos e sedimentos. Com o diagnóstico de tais processos formativos foi possível identificar alguns aspectos do complexo programa construtivo e ritualizado do Sambaqui e discutir a cronologia conhecida, elucidando o fenômeno de mistura temporal, sugerindo a ocupação entre 3974-3642 cal AP e 3593-3199 cal AP.
Que animal é esse? Uma proposta teórico-metodológica de classificação taxonômica arqueológica em registro rupestre das representações zoomórficas reconhecíveis
Authors: Souza Thiago Fonseca de , Mützenberg Demétrio , Queiroz Alberico Nogueira de
Published: September 2023

Neste estudo é proposto um processo teórico-metodológico de classificação taxonômica sobre as pinturas rupestres zoomórficas reconhecíveis. Essa postura baseia-se nos signos como processo de percepção/identificação, reconhecimento e classificação em motivos. A metodologia propõe um método estatístico classificatório (análises de agrupamentos) através do levantamento das variáveis fenotípicas e que abrange parte da extensa região do semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Como resultado, foi possível elaborar parâmetros classificatórios significativos na formação dos tipos/motivos gráficos, permitindo o compartilhamento e a reprodução da base de dados e análises com o intuito de favorecer o acesso a esse tipo de informação e investigação dos processos classificatórios em estudos subsequentes.
Criação e pastoreio de bois (Bos taurus) nas áreas inundadas de várzea da região de Santarém, Pará, um contexto amazônico
Authors: Leão Denise da Silva , Leitão-Barboza Myrian Sá , Prestes-Carneiro Gabriela
Published: September 2023

A criação de bovinos na Amazônia, principalmente em áreas de várzea, é fortemente influenciada por um longo período de enchentes que chega até seis meses. Interessada em conhecer a natureza das adaptações relacionadas ao período de cheia, neste trabalho analisarei uma criação familiar localizada na comunidade Miritituba, tendo como perguntas centrais: como é feita a criação e pastoreio dos bois na várzea? e como é feita essa troca de ambiente dos animais? Para respondê-las, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas e escuta de histórias de vidas com membros da propriedade. Esta pesquisa busca registrar como são transmitidos os saberes relacionados à criação de bovinos a fim de investigar as continuidades e rupturas deste tipo de criação na Amazônia.
Como e onde são sepultados os animais de criação na Amazônia contemporânea? Vivências, afetividades e morte no passado e no presente arqueológico na cidade de Santarém/PA
Authors: Campos Tainá Neres , Colares Cristiane Nayara Jati , Leitão-Barboza Myrian Sá , Prestes-Carneiro Gabriela , Rapp Py-Daniel Anne
Published: September 2023

Na Amazônia, os animais além de terem sido utilizados para o consumo e fornecimento de matérias prima, são criados, cuidados e algumas vezes, enterrados. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso sobre as relações vivenciadas por pessoas com os seus animais de criação em Santarém-PA. Foram realizadas 12 entrevistas com pessoas que atualmente possuem animais de criação da cidade, em seguida, foi realizado um levantamento das espécies criadas por povos indígenas amazônicos. Percebemos que a relações em vida entre pessoas e animais influenciam o modo que elas lidam com a morte destes animais e, mais especificamente, como são sepultados, buscamos identificar a materialidade que essas relações acrescentam à Arqueologia.
Do Publication Types Influence Motivation for Research of Vietnamese Lecturers?
Authors: Thi Kim Nhung Tran
Published: September 2023

The study clarified the differences between publication types and how they influence university lecturers' research motivation through the relationship between three variables in the Expectancy theory (expectancy, instrumentality, valence). The results of structural equation model (SEM) and using multi-group analysis with a research sample of 475 lecturers in economics universities in Vietnam show that two groups of publication types (international publications and publications in domestic journals) have different impacts on the relationship of expectancy, instrumentality, valence ​​with research motivation. Motivation for international publications is higher than publications in domestic journals. In both publication types, the variables "external means", "external value", and "internal value" have no effect on research motivation, while the variable "internal means" has a beneficial impact. "Expectation", however, has a negative impact on research motivation with international publication activities, whereas this variable has a favorable impact on research motivation with domestic publication. This is also distinct from many studies conducted in other countries around the world about research motivation. This is an important point in proposing legislative documents and suitable management methods in order to increase lecturers’ research motivation, especially in international publication.
Catch-up Possibility of Vietnam’s Industries and Firms as Latecomers
Authors: Huyen Trang Do
Published: September 2023

Growth in some parts of Asia stayed promising even in the challenging circumstances. Despite difficulties posed, Vietnam as well as other ASEAN neighbours were able to maintain a positive growth rates. In fact, some of the top export areas of the country have not shown signs of being majorly impacted by the challenging circumstances. It was rather the strategic movement as well as (technological) capability accumulation of firm that matter the most. This paper looks at the intersection between OEM-ODM-OBM trajectory and the current window of opportunities to see if a possibility of securing a leading export position exists.
Vietnam - Indonesia Cooperation on Sea Definition: Practice and Meaning
Authors: Ngoc Giap Tran
Published: September 2023

Vietnam has a long coastline and a large sea area, with several islands and archipelagoes, particularly the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes. Therefore, Vietnam's main objectives during the process of national construction and growth are maritime security in particular and the safeguarding of the integrity of its land, sea, and airspace. Vietnam consistently emphasizes cooperation with regional nations to achieve this objective in particular. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1958, Vietnam shares maritime borders with China and Cambodia, and shares continental shelf boundaries with China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia and Thailand. Currently, according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982, the boundary of Vietnam's exclusive economic zone and continental shelf is expanded and adjacent to many countries. Besides the well-defined sea areas with neighboring countries (Thailand, Indonesia), Vietnam is still negotiating some of the remaining sea ares with China, Malaysia and Cambodia. Among the countries with which Vietnam has completed negotiations on maritime delimitation, the cooperation between Vietnam and Indonesia on maritime delimitation is very important, creating a premise for a clearer maritime boundary delimitation with other countries and contributing to promoting the development of the Vietnam - Indonesia Strategic Partnership to a new level. This article will present and analyze the cooperation relationship on maritime delimitation between Vietnam and Indonesia from the perspective of international studies.
Innovation Towards Circular Economy - A Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Van Hieu Nguyen , Thi Hue Hoang , Thi Anh Tuyet Nguyen , Xuân Hoài Võ , Thi Quynh Anh Nguyen
Published: September 2023

The transformation of the growth model, based on the foundation of innovation with a specific focus on transitioning towards a circular economy (CE), is a matter of significant importance for countries on a global scale, particularly those in the developing stage, such as Vietnam. This paradigm shift presents potential as an effective approach to addressing environmental and societal needs, while simultaneously fostering economic growth. It is widely acknowledged that innovation is a crucial tool in achieving a CE. This article elucidates the concept of innovation towards a CE by analyzing the existing concepts. Moreover, the article also clarifies forms of innovation towards a CE, encompassing four aspects: product innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, and marketing innovation.
Residents Forum: Cruising Through the Final Barrier…
Authors: Ritu Kumari , Bhogar Kavin
Published: September 2023

The postgraduate final year exam is another milestone set to adorn the degree of a qualified resident. Covering the vast syllabus during residency can be a tough challenge. Thoughtful strategy and well-planned tactics pave the way for a successful outcome. This article aims to provide a few guiding points for the last-minute preparation to ace the final barrier.
Penetrance of missense mutation of OR2AT4 and OR9G1/9 gene polymorphism increases risk factor in azoospermic patients
Authors: Saxena Ajit Kumar , Tiwari Meenakshi , Agarwal Mukta , Shalini
Published: September 2023

Objectives:

In human, olfactory receptor (ORs) gene polymorphism regulate testicular development and physiological functions during spermatogenesis. However, the etiopathology of OR gene in male infertility is still restricted that required further studies. Basic mechanism involves the identification of peripheral signals based on specific chemoreceptors site that are expressed on the surface of mature spermatozoa inside the female reproductive tract. These receptors belong to G-protein couple receptors (GPCR) of superfamily and the roles of ORs gene linked to sperm chemotaxis through chemokinesis. In the present study, we have studied the role of Olfactory receptor family 2 subfamilies AT member 4 (OR2AT4) and Olfactory receptor family 9 subfamily G member 1/9 (OR9G1/9) genes polymorphism in clinically diagnosed azoospermic patients.

Materials and Methods:

Systematically, GTG banded karyotypes were developed using short term lymphocyte cultures, fluorescence in situ hybridization using SRY probe and PCR based microdeletion of Y-chromosome was characterized using STS marker (SY255). Whole exome sequencing (WES) based analysis was performed in azoospermic patients to identify the involvement of de-novo mutation in OR2AT4 and OR9G1/OR9G9 genes mutation followed by bioinformatics tools used for the analysis to identify changes in respective amino acids.

Results:

OR2AT4 showing missense mutation after substitution of nucleotide (G→A) followed by lack of change in amino acid (Gln→Gln), but in OR9G1/G9 gene showing changes of substitution of nucleotide thymidine into adenine (T→A), whereas valine is replaced by glutamine (Val→ Glu), similarly thymidine is substituted by cysteine (T→C), after decode phenylalanine is replaced by leucine (Phe→Leu). Further, 3D protein helical structure was developed with the help of bioinformatics on the basis of amino acids coded protein and compare with mutated amino acid or truncated protein residues with the help of iTASSER server.

Conclusion:

Present study demonstrate the role of OR2AT4 and OR9G1/9 gene polymorphism elucidates the functional role of protamine in ectopic receptors followed by increasing “risk” of developing male infertility that leads the clinical condition defined as non-obstructive azoospermia.
The functioning of literary allusions and reminiscences in the novel "The Universal Storm" by Sleptsova-Kuorsunnakh
Authors: Burtsev A. A. , Burtseva M. A.
Published: September 2023

The  article  analyses  the  artistic  speciﬁcity  in  the  novel  "The  Universal  Storm" by  Elena  Sleptsova-Kuorsunnakh,  dedicated  to  the  tragic  fate  of  the  Sakha  intelligentsia.  By  its genre nature, this is a synthetic work that combines the features of an epic novel with a document-based family  chronicle.  Although  the  narrative  in  the  novel  is  built  around  the  Orosin  clan,  its  distinctive feature is the depiction of a complex polyphony of individual destinies and characters that do not merge into a single mass, but give rise to real diversity. The article features the images of such historical ﬁgures as Vasily Nikiforov, Anepodist Sofronov, Platon Oyunsky, and Vera Davydova. The depiction of the real vicissitudes  of  their  private  lives  not  only  conﬁrms  the  novelistic  character  of  the  Kuorsunnakh's  work, but  also  testiﬁes  to  the  presence  of  the  features  of  psychological  "genre  generalization".  In  this  regard, as  shown  in  the  article,  the  use  of  literary  allusions  and  reminiscences  by  the  author  among  the  ways of mastering the artistic material seems to be successful.
Boundaries of being: The images of inverted space in the prose of the Yakut writer Platon Oyunsky
Authors: Noeva (Karmanova) S. E.
Published: September 2023

The  article  attempts  to  study  the  images  of  inverted  space  in  the  prose  of  Platon  Oyunsky. Special  attention  is  paid  to  the  initial  images  of  the  artistic  chronotope,  forming  a  scheme  of  inversion: this  is  the  underwater  and  lower  worlds,  the  urban  space  in  the  writer's  stories.  The  author  of  the article  also  highlights  the  image  of  the  border,  which  forms  a  speciﬁc  character  of  the  Yakut  world, also  asserting  the  exceptional  image  of  the  initiating  hero.  The  scholarly  paradigm  of  this  study  also includes  the  issue  of  the  body  (clothing)  as  the  main  component  of  the  image  of  the  “I”  of  an  urban person, deﬁning the boundaries of his/her social sphere.
Prospects of oil and gas potential of the Indigiro-Zyryansky trough based on direct geochemical data
Authors: Aleksandrov A. R. , Sivtsev A. I.
Published: September 2023

Within Eastern Yakutia, certain prospects for oil and gas potential are associated with a number of negative structural elements of the Mesocainozoic age. Given the presence of a powerful sedimentary cover and a relatively calm tectonic situation, the Indigiro-Zyryansky trough is considered the most promising territory for oil and gas. According to the results of deep drilling conducted in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the presence of sufficiently powerful Cenozoic age strata was established. After joint processing of the drilling data with the seismic survey materials, the thickness of Cenozoic sediments in the trough is estimated at 2 – 2.5 km. The expediency of rethinking the materials of geochemical testing together with the data obtained during deep drilling is noted. According to the peculiarities of the composition of gases obtained during deep drilling and testing of wells in the section of the Indigiro-Zyryansky deflection, there are two types of natural gas. The first type is associated with Paleogene deposits and, judging by its composition, has a microbial genesis (wells No. 272-01 and 272-02). The second type of gas obtained from Upper Jurassic deposits appears to be catagenetic and heavier in composition (well No. 272-05). An analytical review of the results of direct geochemical testing is made, which also confirms the presence of at least two different types of gases. At the same time, the gas characterized as deep has clear features similar to the gases of collapsing oil accumulations. It is assumed that near-surface gases enriched with nitrogen and carbon dioxide may be associated with carbonaceous deposits of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous. It is recommended to conduct areal geochemical testing using artificial sorbents for aromatic hydrocarbons.
The response of rhythmically forming processes to the latitudinal position of the zones of their implementation
Authors: Pomortsev O. A.
Published: September 2023

The problem of variability of the Milankovich scale and cyclic oscillations in the troposphere circulation mode depending on the geographical latitude of the area is investigated. Parallels in the dynamics of multi-thousand-year and intra-century climate cycles in different latitudinal zones and possible causes of this phenomenon are considered. New data on the influence of axial rotation and the shape of the Earth on the structure of rhythm-forming processes are presented. It is established that the zone with a high frequency of pulsations of climatic phases is confined to low latitudes with the highest energy potential. The dependence of the velocity of air currents on the length of geographical parallels is shown. Thus, during the formation of air currents near the equator – the longest parallel of the planet (Hadley circulation cell), their velocity, which is set by the axial rotation of the Earth, is higher than the speed of sound and twice as high as similar flows originating in the temperate latitudes (Ferell cell). Paleogeographic evidence confirming Milankovich’s calculations about the different duration of the solar cycle period in the low, temperate and polar latitudes is presented. Thus, the dating of the terraces of the island of Barbados in the Caribbean Sea (low latitudes) showed that the period of the Milankovich cycle here is close to 20 thousand years. While in the zone of temperate latitudes, the period of the same cycle, judging by the dating of the stadial moraines of the former glacial covers, is 41 thousand years, i. e. twice as long. Maximum – up to 100 thousand years – set for polar latitudes in the study of the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland. Different degrees of meteorological impacts on ecosystems and the level of natural hazards within different latitudinal corridors have been revealed. The most dynamic and dangerous are the low latitudes with their hurricanes, typhoons, floods and storms with high frequency. This should be taken into account when developing a strategy for the economic development of high-risk territories and preventive measures for the protection of engineering orientation.
Prediction of Feasibility of Polaronic OER on (110) Surface of Rutile TiO2
Authors: Sarker Hori Pada , Abild-Pedersen Frank , Bajdich Michal
Published: September 2023

The polaronic effects at the atomic level hold paramount significance for advancing the efficacy of transition metal oxides in applications pertinent to renewable energy. The lattice-distortion localization of photoexcited carriers in the form of polarons plays a pivotal role in the photocatalysis. This investigation focuses on rutile TiO2, an important material extensively explored for solar energy conversion in artificial photosynthesis, specifically targeting the generation of green H2 through photoelectrochemical (PEC) H2O splitting. By employing Hubbard-U corrected and hybrid density functional theory (DFT) methods, we systematically probe the polaronic effects in the catalysis of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the (110) surface of rutile TiO2. Theoretical understanding of polarons within the surface, coupled with simulations of OER at distinct titanium (Ti) and oxygen (O) active sites, reveals diverse polaron formation energies within the lattice sites with strong preference for bulk and surface bridge oxygen (Ob) sites. Moreover, we provide the evidence for the facilitative role of polarons in mitigating OER. We find that hole polarons situated at the equatorial positions near the Ti - active site, along with bridge hole polarons distal from the Ob active site yield a reduction in OER overpotential by (4.6-6.5)%. We also find that having hole polarons stabilize the *OH, *O, and *OOH intermediate species when compared to case without hole polarons. This study unravels a detailed mechanistic insight into polaron-mediated OER, offering a promising avenue for augmenting the catalytic prowess of transition metal oxide-based photocatalysts catering to renewable energy requisites.
Parameter-Free Molecular Classification and Regression with Gzip
Authors: Weinreich Jan , Probst Daniel
Published: September 2023

In recent years, natural language processing approaches to machine learning, most prominently deep neural network-based transformers, have been extensively applied to molecular classification and regression tasks, including the prediction of pharmacokinetic and quantum-chemical properties. However, models based on deep neural networks generally require extensive training, large training data sets, and resource-consuming hyperparameter tuning. Recently, a low-resource and universal alternative to deep learning approaches based on Gzip compression for text classification has been proposed, which reportedly performs surprisingly well compared to large language models such as BERT, given its conceptually simplistic nature. Here, we adapt the proposed method to support multiprocessing, multi-class classification, class-weighing, regression, and multiple modalities and apply it to classification and regression tasks on various data sets of molecules from the organic chemistry, biochemistry, drug discovery, and material science domains. We further propose converting numerical descriptors into string representations, enabling the integration of language input with domain-informed descriptors. Our results show that the method can be used to classify and predict a variety of properties of molecules or the binding affinity of protein-ligand complexes, can reach the performance of transformers and graph transformers in a subset of tasks, and has the potential for application in information retrieval from large chemical databases.
Palladium Catalyzed C3-(sp2)-H Alkenylation of Pyrroles: A Direct Access to Novel Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) Materials
Authors: Shaikh Javed Y. , Bhowmick Anindita , Chatterjee Abhijit , Laha Debasish , Bhat Dr. Ramakrishna G.
Published: September 2023

A Pd (II)-catalyzed direct C3-(sp2)-H alkenylation of heteroarenes using benzothiazole as a directing group has been successfully achieved. A wide range of 2-N-alkylpyrroles undergo an oxidative coupling with a variety of acrylates to furnish highly regio- and chemo-selective E-alkenylation products at C3 position. An important intermediate complex has been isolated and characterized so as to have an insight into the mechanism. This convenient protocol proved to practical to access novel thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials (TADF). These molecules proved to be blue emitting TADF materials (~ms life time). A detailed and systematic investigation has been carried out to study the photophysical properties and this has been further validated by the time dependent (TD) density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Application of Modified Asphalt in Municipal Roads
Authors: Hu Zhuang
Published: September 2023

The article expounds modified asphalt technology by introducing commonly used modifiers and fillers and analyzing the construction technology of modified asphalt. The use of modified asphalt in municipal roads provides new alternatives for asphalt pavement materials, but also solves the existing construction problems and reduces project costs. Therefore, the research and application of modified asphalt using new materials and new processes is a crucial aspect in road construction.
Current Situation and Discussion of “Going Abroad” in Higher Vocational Colleges Under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Hu Rongbing
Published: September 2023

The Belt and Road Initiative has brought unprecedented development opportunities for domestic higher vocational colleges to “go abroad,” but it has also brought severe challenges. Driven by the Belt and Road Initiative, the development of higher vocational colleges “going abroad” has been confronted with a series of challenges, including the imperfect connection of policies, the lack of internal funds, as well as international standards, which are important factors affecting their development. Therefore, it is necessary to start from three aspects, which are policy guarantee, financing, and docking international standards. Through in-depth study of “going abroad” with tthe Belt and Road Initiative, we can effectively reduce the adverse impact of “going abroad” and provide a better and more innovative development environment for higher vocational colleges.
Leo Tolstoy’s novel “Anna Karenina” in interpretations of Iranian literary critics
Authors: Bekmetov R. , Sedigheh K. N. D.
Published: September 2023

The eastern reception of Leo Tolstoy’s oeuvre remains in the list of topical issues. It primarily refers to the Persian perception of the Russian writer’s literary and philosophical heritage because Iran, unlike other Asian countries, has been a closed country for a long time. In the pre-Soviet period (during the lifetime of the author of “War and Peace”), there was no information about the state of Tolstoy Studies in Iran, except for the Russian newspaper and magazine chronicles, which reflected the facts of the general Persian cultural reception of Leo Tolstoy. The situation did not improve during the Soviet period. It is enough to point out that despite the efforts of Iranian philologists, a complete bibliography of Persian translations of Leo Tolstoy’s works was not compiled, and in the works, presenting a general idea of the problem, information on the topic “Tolstoy in Iran” was taken from second-hand sources, without proper verification. In Iran itself, objective factors, related to the unsystematic nature of the source base about Leo Tolstoy, had an impact. The post-Soviet period has not observed Russian Tolstoy scholars’ sustained interest in the problem of the Persian image of Leo Tolstoy. At the same time, Iranian researchers prefer to consider the mechanisms of perceiving Russian literature as a single text, without its special and detailed disclosure based on the example of Leo Tolstoy.

   The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of literary viewpoints on Leo Tolstoy’s novel “Anna Karenina” in Iran.

   It should be emphasized that this review does not claim to be complete: the chronological series, without which it is impossible to describe the receptive dynamics in the spectrum of assessments and interpretations, is far from being complete; the problem of the first references of Iranian literary criticism and literary studies to the novel (apparently, the 1920s) has remained unsolved. The task of the article is more modest: to a certain extent to fill in the gap of understanding how the famous novel was interpreted in Iran.
On text typology in Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Gordeeva L. , Usupova Z.
Published: September 2023

Systematic work on the text, when working with international students, contributes to the formation of their communicative and aspect speech skills. It is one of the conditions for regular language practice, which helps foreign language listeners to orient themselves in another country. The article discusses the comprehensive teaching of foreign students to work on a monologue. Since monologues differ in content and design, the purpose of our research is to study a typology of texts and ways of working with monologue utterances in the process of teaching Russian to students of the pre-university level. The article considers the types of monologues, the thematic scope of their use and the communicative component of the texts, we prove that the development of monologue speech skills should be combined with lexical and grammatical activities in almost every lesson of the Russian language, starting with the elementary stage. The conducted research confirms the idea that reasoning on scientific topics requires more attention. Effective and systematic work on a monologue statement contributes to the international students’ ability both to retell what they have read and to express their thoughts. It develops the student’s logic through answering questions, composing dialogues and solving new situational tasks.
Functions of a joke in political discourse (based on Vladimir Putin’s public speeches)
Authors: Kolosova E. , Gimranova T. , Jingru Chu
Published: September 2023

The current article studies functions of a joke in political discourse. We focus on the identification of the most common practices of the joke use in the public speeches of Vladimir Putin, the current President of the Russian Federation, and his individual manner of creating expressivity in the context of public speeches. The leading method of our research is the descriptive method, which allowed us to summarize our findings. Furthermore, we used contextual and component types of analyzing the language material, which was continuously sampled. Thus, we have established that Vladimir Putin uses various thematic jokes (historical, ethnic and traditional) quite often in his speeches, which help create an informal atmosphere. It is often that he gives a brief explanation after each joke to summarize the idea. It is important to note that the Russian president primarily uses referential (situational) jokes targeted not only at Russian speakers, but also at international listeners. As a result of the conducted study, we have come to the conclusion that speakers use jokes ina political discourse not only due to their main functions of exerting impact and drawing attention, but also due to their ability to act as an evidence base during an argument; at the same time, they highlight the obviousness of existing concepts.
Language means of influencing the addressee in social advertising about Covid-19
Authors: Haining Li
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the most typical linguistic means of influencing the addressee in social advertising, warning about the danger of the Coronovirus pandemic.

   An analysis of materials that appeared on various social networks, videos on Youtube.com and on the Stopcoronavirus.rf website for the period from May 2020 to March 2022 showed the high-frequency use of language games (50 % of videos) and neologisms (50 %) in the first period of the pandemic. During the period of mass vaccination against coronavirus, the number of “language games” and “neologisms” in social advertising decreased to 42.3 % and 34.6 %, respectively. Based on the data obtained, the author conducts an analytical examination and draws a conclusion about the strategic shift that occurred in the model of the “social advertising” speech genre during the pandemic. The use of the imperative form of the verb in incentive sentences is the most active morphological tool in constructing the addressing of social advertising about COVID-19, regardless of the period of the pandemic. This is due to the most basic goal of social advertising - to encourage people to do or not to do something in their personal interests, as well as in the interests of society.
Identifying conceptual features of the country through purposeful corporate metaphor
Authors: Manerko L. , Mingxuan Liu
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the issue of rethinking the image of the state with the help of the anthropomorphic metaphor COUNTRY IS A PERSON. Taking into account the anthropocentric paradigm of linguistic knowledge, we believe that in the process of their nomination and characterization in the language, objects, surrounding a person, become similar to a native speaker. The experiment was carried out in the form of a survey, in which respondents described Russia through a metaphor with the HUMAN source sphere. 100 people took part in the survey: 70 respondents aged from 18 to 40 and 30 above the age of 40. The proposed method of analyzing anthropomorphic metaphorical modelling of the country image has shown its applicability for identifying the essential attitude characteristics towards the country. Seven cognitive features were identified: a strong-willed character, conservatism, desire to help, militancy, changeability, coldness and patience, which demonstrate a certain level of variability both within the cognitive framework itself and their dependence on the age of the respondents. In particular, we suggest that the most significant feature should be a stronger manifestation of the conceptual sphere “unfriendliness” among the responses of younger respondents, and a more obvious manifestation of the feature “strong-willed character” among the older generation.
Developing speech culture in law students
Authors: Lukoyanova Yu. , Yachina N.
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the methods of developing law students’ speech culture.

   The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that highly professional personnel are needed in various structures of the law enforcement system.

   Therefore, a future lawyer, along with possessing professional knowledge and skills, must be competent in various types and forms of business language. Introducing law students to the norms of speech culture involves the correct and appropriate use of language tools in various fields andconditions of communication.

   The aim of the study is to establish the level of first–year law students’ proficiency in speech culture and rhetorical skills, as well as to elaborate modern methods that contribute to the development of students’ communicative speech competence.

   The results of the study show that students’ proficiency in the norms of the Russian literary language and rhetorical techniques is not good enough. These data enable us to outline further work on improving the literacy level and the formation of communicative skills in law students. In order to improve the preparation of future specialists, it is necessary to use a variety of forms of classroom work: presentations, role-playing, discussions, etc. This research will be useful for students – future lawyers and teachers of the Russian language and speech culture.
Scientific and pedagogical heritage of Kazan university scientists (on the anniversary of Prof. Ch. Kharisova)
Authors: Zakiryanov K. , Yusupova Z.
Published: September 2023

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Linguistic and cultural features of nominating negative female images in epics
Authors: Karaseva A.
Published: September 2023

The article considers negative epic female characters, largely stereotyped due to insufficient knowledge, as part of the system of ideas about a woman in the Russian language picture of the world. This work identifies the features of the negative epic heroines’ linguistic representation, reflecting the cultural and everyday realities of Ancient Rus'. The study is based on the texts with negative heroines as protagonists: the epics about elder heroes (“Dobrynya and the Serpent”, “Dobrynya and Marinka”), about epic competitions (“Gleb Volodyevich and Marinka Kaydalovna”) and about the epic of matchmaking (“Danube Ivanovich” and “Mikhailo Potyk”). These works allow us to identify the most significant elements characterizing a woman of the 9th-13th centuries: appearance, occupation, attitude towards the opposite sex, spiritual and moral qualities. Linguistic and cultural analysis of the female characters’ nominations shows that negative heroines are opposed to the common people and the norms accepted in ancient Russian society: they are representatives of the upper class and keep to themselves, they are characterized by cunning and deceit, as well as the ability to witchcraft. The emphasized immorality of the women, their deviation from the generally accepted norms is not only condemned, but it also serves as an example of unacceptable behavior. At the same time, a preferred model of a woman’s behavior in ancient Russian society is created based on the images of negative female characters.
Creating a database of paremiological units for neurocognitive testing
Authors: Laykova Yu.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study is to build a database of paremiological units for a neurocognitive test to assess the state of cognitive functions in patients with diabetes mellitus. To identify the most relevant and frequent paremiological units, we conducted a survey among native speakers of the Russian language. The paper describes an experiment conducted on the Yandex.Toloka site. As a result, we received 36900 descriptions of the figurative meanings of proverbs and sayings. The respondents properly interpreted 86 units of G. L. Permyakov’s paremiological minimum (from 85 % to 100% of correct interpretations), 11 units caused significant difficulties (from 35 % to 65 % of correct interpretations). Particular attention was paid to the analysis of the most characteristic cases connected with incorrect explaining of the figurative meanings of some units. In general, the base being created includes 56 proverbs and sayings interpreted correctly by the largest number of the informants (95 % or more).

   The scientific novelty of the study is its large-scale survey, conducted with the help of modern technologies, identifying the paremiological units mostly spread among native speakers of the Russian language.

   We selected linguistically validated material, which made it possible to create the basis of a new tool for assessing the state of cognitive functions in patients with diabetes mellitus.
The effect of quercetin, a flavonoid, on lung injury caused by sepsis
Authors: Bıçakcıoğlu Murat , Doğukan Mevlüt , Duran Mehmet , Doğan Zümrüt , Aydın Türk Bilge
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Lung injury is frequently observed in cases with sepsis, which can lead to conditions that progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causing mortality. There is no specific treatment for sepsis or sepsis-induced lung injury. Antioxidant therapy has been one of the most prominent options for treatment, according to pathophysiological studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin, a powerful antioxidant, on sepsis and sepsis-related lung injury.
Methods: Thirty-two adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups. The control group (CNRL) received 1.5 ml saline via the intragastric route. The quercetin group (QUER [n=5]) underwent no sepsis procedure and received 20 mg/kg quercetin via the intragastric route starting 15 days before the procedure. The sham group (SHAM [n=6]) underwent a surgical incision and received 1.5 ml intragastric olive oil (quercetin dissolves in oil). The sepsis group (SEPS [n=7]) underwent the sepsis procedure. The sepsis and quercetin group (SEPS+QUER [n=7]) underwent the sepsis procedure and received 20 mg/kg quercetin via the intragastric route for 15 days before the procedure. Cecal ligation and puncture methods were used to induce sepsis. While ALT, AST, LDH, GGT and CRP values were analyzed from rat blood, MDA and GSH levels were analyzed from lung tissue.
Results: The results showed that quercetin reduced neutrophil infiltration (TLIS 3.5 [0.26] in the SEPS group vs TLIS 2.75 [0.29] in the SEPS+QUER group [P=0.01]), intra-alveolar macrophage count (SEPS vs SEPS+QUER [P=0.01]) and cell proliferation (SEPS vs SEPS+QUER [P=0.01]), and that it helped to preserve lung anatomy during sepsis. It was observed that MDA levels in the lung tissue decreased with the treatment of quercetin to septic rats (SEPS vs SEPS+QUER [P=0.046]).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that quercetin may be a potential treatment option for sepsis. However, more studies are needed to determine whether quercetin is a viable option as a therapeutic strategy in patients.
PENGARUH POST PURCHASE REMORSE TERHADAP NEGATIVE EMOTIONS, LEVEL OF SATISFACTION, EXTENT OF RUMINATION DAN BRAND SWITCHING (STUDI PADA KONSUMEN GENERASI Y PENGGUNA SMARTPHONE DI INDONESIA)
Authors: Baramadya  , Purwanto  , Mochamad Fatchurrohman
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of post-purchase remorse on the level of satisfaction, the extent of rumination and brand switching, the effect of post-purchase remorse on negative emotions and level of satisfaction, the effect of post-purchase remorse on negative emotions and the extent of rumination. The population and sample in this study are all smartphone users in the millennial generation in Indonesia who have financial independence. By using the purposive sampling method, the number of samples in this study was 171 respondents. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 24.0 program. The results showed a significant influence between the variables of post-purchase remorse, level of satisfaction, negative emotions, extent of rumination, and brand switching. Insignificant influence occurs in the relationship of negative emotion variables to level of satisfaction and extent of rumination..
EFEKTIVITAS PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN G-SUITE SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Hartono Hartono , Soegita Soegita
Published: September 2023

Permasalahan proses pembelajaran di setiap sekolah berbeda-beda sesuai dengan faktor lingkungan belajar didaerah tersebut, pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 3 Mojokerto kebanyakan siswanya mempunyai minat yang rendah akan belajar terbukti dengan peningkatan hasil belajar yang masih minim. Setelah dilakukan analisis ternyata guru masih menggunakan media pembelajaran konvensional sehingga siswa merasa enggan belajar karena tidak adanya sesuatu yang dianggap menarik. Didapatkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas 10 pada materi Fisika rata-rata siswa belum memenuhi nilai Kreteria Ketuntasan Minimum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan G-Suite terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Fisika di SMAN 3 Mojokerto. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dan populasi penelitian di SMAN 3 Mojokerto secara random 80 siswa. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa nilai F hitung untuk penggunaan media G-Suite dengan media konvensional sebesar 83,02. Pada F tabel didapatkan dF1 = 2, dF2= 5.37 sebesar 6,01, dengan tingkat signifikan 0,001 kurang dari 0,05. Maka didapatkan Ha diterima sedangkan Ho ditolak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh antara media G-Suite terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Fisika di SMAN 3 Mojokerto.
PENGEMBANGAN GAME INTERAKTIF MENGGUNAKAN PLATFORM WORDWALL.NET SEBAGAI ALAT EVALUASI HASIL BELAJAR MATERI PECAHAN KELAS IV
Authors: Filahanasari Eka , Wahyuni Rahmi Juwita , Efendi Raimon
Published: September 2023

This study aims to develop interactive games as an evaluation tool to be a solution to this problem. This study uses the ADDIE development model with its stages namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation.  From the results of the study it was found that the game developed was very valid with a final percentage of 84.3% which was assessed by 3 expert validators namely media, material and language experts. Assessment of product practicality using a student response questionnaire with a percentage result of 97.5% and a teacher response questionnaire with a percentage result of 97,9% is categorized as very practical. Furthermore, the effectiveness obtained from the student perception questionnaire on the game obtained the final percentage of 95.5% categorized as very effective and the level of agreement with the category strongly agreed on each aspect of the assessment.
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN PMRI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN MATEMATIS
Authors: Bellinda Bellinda , Pandra Viktor , Fauziah Anna
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to conduct a literatur review related to mathematics learning through the PMRI approach to mathematical understanding abilities. Data collection was carried out by reviewing everything related to learning mathematics using the PMRI method for the 2018-2023 period. The 12 articles used in this study obtained from Harzing Publish or Perish, Google Scholar, and Garuda Kemdikbud. The result of this study indicate that learning mathematics through the PMRI method has improved students understanding.