bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building the Model
Authors: Yang He S. , Rhoads Daniel D. , Sepulveda Jorge , Zang Chengxi , Chadburn Amy , Wang Fei
Published: October 2022

Context.—

Machine learning (ML) allows for the analysis of massive quantities of high-dimensional clinical laboratory data, thereby revealing complex patterns and trends. Thus, ML can potentially improve the efficiency of clinical data interpretation and the practice of laboratory medicine. However, the risks of generating biased or unrepresentative models, which can lead to misleading clinical conclusions or overestimation of the model performance, should be recognized.

Objectives.—

To discuss the major components for creating ML models, including data collection, data preprocessing, model development, and model evaluation. We also highlight many of the challenges and pitfalls in developing ML models, which could result in misleading clinical impressions or inaccurate model performance, and provide suggestions and guidance on how to circumvent these challenges.

Data Sources.—

The references for this review were identified through searches of the PubMed database, US Food and Drug Administration white papers and guidelines, conference abstracts, and online preprints.

Conclusions.—

With the growing interest in developing and implementing ML models in clinical practice, laboratorians and clinicians need to be educated in order to collect sufficiently large and high-quality data, properly report the data set characteristics, and combine data from multiple institutions with proper normalization. They will also need to assess the reasons for missing values, determine the inclusion or exclusion of outliers, and evaluate the completeness of a data set. In addition, they require the necessary knowledge to select a suitable ML model for a specific clinical question and accurately evaluate the performance of the ML model, based on objective criteria. Domain-specific knowledge is critical in the entire workflow of developing ML models.
Nicotine and Tobacco Alkaloid Testing and Challenges: Lessons Learned From a College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Survey
Authors: Snozek Christine L. H. , McMillin Gwendolyn A. , Nwosu Ann , Dizon Annabel , Krasowski Matthew D.
Published: October 2022

Context.—

Consequences related to nicotine (NIC) use remain a major health concern, leading to demand for testing to detect NIC, metabolites such as cotinine (COT), and related tobacco alkaloids, including anabasine (ANAB). NIC-related testing is not standardized among laboratories, nor are there clinical or regulatory guidelines to inform decisions such as appropriate screening cutoffs or limits of quantitation.

Objective.—

To evaluate analytical performance and reporting practices of laboratories that perform NIC-related testing by reviewing participant responses to the Nicotine and Tobacco Alkaloid (NTA) Proficiency Testing Survey.

Design.—

NTA results were retrieved from 2017 (the first year of the survey) through 2020. Survey participants, methodologies, and results were evaluated for all analytes, and simulated grading was performed for COT. Additional data, including limits of quantitation, qualitative cutoffs, and reasons for testing, were reviewed.

Results.—

Participant growth was steady for qualitative COT testing. Participation was stable for NIC, ANAB, and quantitative COT testing. Overall, participants performed well on survey challenges. However, reporting thresholds were widely divergent, ranging from 10 to 3000 ng/mL and 0.5 to 300 ng/mL, respectively, for qualitative and quantitative COT testing. Screening cutoffs were as high as 100 ng/mL for ANAB and 1000 ng/mL for NIC.

Conclusions.—

Although participating laboratories performed well on the NTA Survey, the wide diversity of qualitative and quantitative reporting thresholds creates substantial risk for misinterpretation of results, and could lead to analytical concerns such as excessively high false-negative or false-positive rates. NIC-related testing would benefit from evidence-based guidelines to drive standardization of reporting.
Islam and politics: A latent class analysis of Indonesian Muslims based on political attitudes and psychological determinants
Authors: Istiqomah  , Hudiyana Joevarian , Milla Mirra Noor , Muluk Hamdi , Takwin Bagus
Published: October 2022

This study explored the diversity of Muslim political attitudes by conducting a latent class analysis in the rarely investigated context of Indonesia—the largest Muslim country in the world. We surveyed a total of 1208 Indonesian Muslim participants from eight out of 33 Indonesian provinces. The latent class analysis revealed that there are six clusters of Muslim Individuals based on their political attitudes: Fundamentalist Muslim, Nationalist Muslim, Apolitical Muslim, Hijrah Muslim, Moderate Muslim, and Progressive Muslim. Moreover, we also found several meaningful differences in psychological correlates (right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and need for cognitive closure) across the six clusters. Taken together, this study sheds some light upon the diversity of Muslim political attitudes and the psychological tendencies that correspond with such attitudes.
Personality neuroscience: An emerging field with bright prospects
Authors: DeYoung Colin G. , Beaty Roger E. , Genç Erhan , Latzman Robert D. , Passamonti Luca , Servaas Michelle N. , Shackman Alexander J. , Smillie Luke D. , Spreng R. Nathan , Viding Essi , Wacker Jan
Published: October 2022

Personality neuroscience is the study of persistent psychological individual differences, typically in the general population, using neuroscientific methods. It has the potential to shed light on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying individual differences and their manifestation in ongoing behavior and experience. The field was inaugurated many decades ago, yet has only really gained momentum in the last two, as suitable technologies have become widely available. Personality neuroscience employs a broad range of methods, including molecular genetics, pharmacological assays or manipulations, electroencephalography, and various neuroimaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Although exciting progress is being made in this young field, much remains unknown. In this brief review, we discuss discoveries that have been made, methodological challenges and advances, and important questions that remain to be answered. We also discuss best practices for personality neuroscience research and promising future directions for the field.
Antimicrobial activity of royal jelly, honey, and their mixture
Authors: Maželienė Žaneta , Aleksandravičienė Asta , Pašvenskaitė Meda , Viliušienė Ingrida , Šakienė Daiva , Dailidaitė Evelina
Published: October 2022

As antimicrobial drugs destroy microorganisms or stop their growth, they are used to treat infections. Due to the increasing resistance of infectious agents to antimicrobial drugs, there is a need to find new natural products with antimicrobial properties. Natural products such as bee products honey, propolis, pollen, bee bread, and royal jelly are important products with numerous different active biological features, antimicrobial and antiviral among them. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of royal jelly, honey, and the mixture of honey and royal jelly on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, spore bacteria, and the fungus Candida albicans. Royal jelly and honey were collected in Lithuanian apiaries. The antimicrobial activity of royal jelly, honey, and honey-royal jelly mixture (9% solution) was determined using the ‘well’ method of diffusion into agar. Reference cultures of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, spore bacteria, and the fungus Candida albicans were used in the study. Royal jelly was found to be the most effective against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis. Royal jelly had the strongest antibacterial effect on Enterococcus faecalis, honey on Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and the mixture of honey-royal jelly on S. epidermidis. Royal jelly, honey, and honey-royal jelly solutions were not antibacterial against Proteus vulgaris. Royal jelly, honey, and honey-royal jelly had a weak effect on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Royal jelly had no effect on Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans, and the antibacterial effect of honey and honey-royal jelly mixture was weak. Royal jelly, honey, honey-royal jelly mixture had the strongest effect on gram-positive bacteria. A weaker antimicrobial effect was observed against gram-negative bacteria, spore bacteria, and C. albicans. Royal jelly had no effect on P. vulgaris, and honey-royal jelly mixture had similar antimicrobial activity to honey.
Use of Schinus molle (Anacardiaceae) as a means of biological control against Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Belhadji Amina , Abdelli Imane , Hassani Faiçal
Published: October 2022

Greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, are very small sucker-whipper-type pests of the family Aleyrodidae. They cause considerable damage to greenhouse crops in the first order and show resistance to chemical insecticides. In this context, we dedicated this study to the control of this pest through the active ingredients extracted from the leaf and fruit part of the pepper tree, Schinus molle by inhibiting the chemosensory protein responsible mainly for capturing external stimuli in these polyphagous insects. By applying molecular modeling methods, including molecular docking, using software Molegro Virtual Docker version 2012.5.5.0, we tested the bioinsecticide potency of seven inhibitors. The results obtained show that the molecule beta- elemol is the best chemosensory protein inhibitor with a score of –82.6648 Kcal/mol and that it forms strong bonds with the active site amino acids of the protein.
system for computer aided processing of phonetic measurements
Authors: Holtse Peter
Published: October 2022

A set of computer programs is described which will sample and average e.g. intonation, air pressure, or EMG activity. Data processing is essentially user controlled, but trivial decisions may be left to the computer if this is desired. The programs are accessible to users with little experience with computers.
Retroflex and dental consonants in Gujarati. A palatographic and acoustic study
Authors: Dave Radhekant
Published: October 2022

A palatographic investigation of dental and retroflex consonants of one Gujarati speaker shows the point of articulation of the retroflex consonants to be mostly prepalatal. The main result of the acoustic investigation which is based on one more informant is that retroflex consonants (compared to dental consonants) have a lowering effect on the transitions of F3 and F4 of the preceding vowel (though the effect on i and e is very small), whereas the influence on the following vowel is irregular, but clear for the vowel a. In addition, the burst of retroflex stops shows concentration of energy at a lower frequency than dental stops. The important contribution by Stevens and Blumstein is discussed in the final section.
Lectures and courses in 1977
Authors: ARIPUC
Published: October 2022

No abstract
On slips of the pen
Authors: Nauclér Kerstin
Published: October 2022

No abstract
"Stød" and unexpected substitutions in the speech of Danish 2-year-old children
Authors: Jørgensen John
Published: October 2022

No abstract
comment on Basbøll's phonological syllabification as applied to Danish
Authors: Molbæk Hansen Peter
Published: October 2022

Basbøll's principles for syllabifying phonological strings in Danish are discussed. Certain counterexamples to the predictions of these principles are presented, and it is argued that certain structural properties of Danish words cannot be adequately accounted for by Basbøll's syllabification strategy in its present form.
present state of the description of Danish utterance prosody
Authors: Thorsen Nina
Published: October 2022

No abstract
new computer for the speech synthesis group
Authors: Dømler Preben , Bertelsen Otto
Published: October 2022

No abstract
construction of a grapheme-to-phone algorithm for Danish
Authors: Molbæk Hansen Peter
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the main strategy and some preliminary results of the current work with the construction of a grapheme-to phone algorithm forming part of a text-to-speech algorithm for Danish. The paper also discusses the main difficulties connected with this work, and a brief report of the present status of the project is given.
effect of consonant type on fundamental frequency and larynx height in Danish
Authors: Reinholt Petersen Niels
Published: October 2022

Fundamental frequency (Fo) and larynx height were measured in words of the type 'CV:fi where the initial consonant varied in both manner and place of articulation. The main findings were a clear effect of voicing in the obstruents [f] and [v] on both Fo and larynx height in the following vowel, a small but consistent effect of aspiration on Fo but not on larynx height in the following vowel, and an effect of place of articulation on larynx height which was not, however, reflected in Fo.
Introduction
Authors: Fischer-Jørgensen Eli
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Danish Long Vowels
Authors: Frøkjær-Jensen Børge
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Acoustic Analysis of Tense and Lax Vowels in German
Authors: Jørgensen Hans Peter
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Research on the Physiological Correlate to the two Vowel Types in German
Authors: Schuhmacher W. W.
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Experiments with Sharp Filtering of Danish and German Vowels
Authors: Fischer-Jørgensen Eli , Rischel Jørgen
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Auditory Investigation of German Tense and Lax Vowels
Authors: Fischer-Jørgensen Eli
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Studies of the Prosodic Properties of Danish Words
Authors: Rischel Jørgen
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Consonants in spontaneous speech of five Danish children with operated cleft palate - an impressionistic analysis
Authors: Hutters Birgit , Brøndsted Kirsten
Published: October 2022

This paper examines consonants in spontaneous speech of five 4-5 year old Danish children with persisting speech problems after primary cleft palate surgery. Based on phonetic transcriptions from video-recordings the phonetic and phonological behaviour is described for each child and related to the target norm. The findings are discussed in the light of strategies in cleft palate speech. Furthermore, some aspects of universal and language dependent characteristics in cleft palate speech are treated.
Acoustic-phonetic investigations of the intonation of German and Danish: Similarities and differences
Authors: Bannert Robert , Grønnum Thorsen Nina
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Institute of Phonetics, January 1, 1985 – December 31, 1985
Authors: ARIPUC
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Lectures and Courses in 1967
Authors: ARIPUC
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Word Tones in Dogri
Authors: Ghai Ved Kumari
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Lectures and Courses in 1968
Authors: ARIPUC
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Comparison between a Fabre Glottograph and a Photo-Electric Glottograph
Authors: Frøkjær-Jensen Børge
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Acoustic Cues for the Perception of Accent in Japanese when the Accented Vowel is Devoiced
Authors: Mase Hideo
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Construction of a Segmentator
Authors: Thorvaldsen Poul
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Notes on the Phonology of Danish Imperatives with a Digression on Vowel Quantity
Authors: Basbøll Hans
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Comparison of Sound Pressure Level and Loudness (GF) Measurements on Speech Sounds
Authors: Ludvigsen Carl , G. Thorsen Nina
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Comparison between Auditive and Audio-visual Perception of PB-Words Masked with White Noise
Authors: Ludvigsen Carl
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Some Remarks on Acoustic Parameters in Speech Disorders
Authors: Buch Nils H. , Frøkjær-Jensen Børge
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Notes on Danish consonant combinations
Authors: Basbøll Hans
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Abbreviations
Authors: ARIPUC
Published: October 2022

No abstract
mathematical model of speech aerodynamics
Authors: Ohala John J.
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Intervocalic affricates in present-day Hungarian
Authors: Szende Tamás
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Some airflow and glottogram data on Danish whisper
Authors: Mansell Philip
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Topics in West Greenlandic phonology
Authors: Rischel Jørgen
Published: October 2022

This is a brief presentation of the contents of the author's monograph (Rischel 1974).
Statistic research on changes in speech due to pedagogic treatment (the accent method)
Authors: Smith Svend , Thyme Kirsten
Published: October 2022

No abstract
Bidragydere
Authors: Periskop Redaktionen
Published: October 2022

Bidragydere
Stik, skær, brænd. Sprækken som (kunst)historisk berøringspunkt i værker af Carla Zaccagnini, Annarosa Krøyer Holm og La Vaughn Belle
Authors: Jørgensen Anna Vestergaard
Published: October 2022

On the 10th of March 1914, Mary Richardson went into the National Gallery in London and attacked Diego Velázquez’ Venus del espejo (1647-51) with around seven cuts from an axe before she was stopped by the museum guard. Richardson was one of the English suffragettes that since 1903 had been organized in Women’s Social and Political Union. The suffragettes organized more or less violent demonstrations and actions in order to create focus on the lack of women’s right to vote. In 1913-14 they attacked works and objects in English museum collections. Seen through the violent attacks by the suffragettes, museum collections appear as places where an ongoing fight for visibility, history, and identity exists. With the suffragettes’ attacks in museum collections as a starting point, this article will analyze contemporary works of art that cut, slit, and burn different white surfaces in the museum space: Annarosa Krøyer Holm’s Tent (2015), La Vaughn Belle’s Cuts and Burns (2016), and Carla Zaccagnini’s Elements of Beauty (2012). These are works that have an aesthetic connection through the white colour and through the very tangible incisions that break the surfaces of the works. These are works that not only engage different historical moments, but also make cuts in these histories. Through a reading of the works, the article seeks to ask how it is possible to (re-)read the museum’s space as a place filled with violence and pain? This is done through a queer feminist and decolonial perspective.
Temaintroduktion
Authors: Søberg Martin , Riesto Svava , Bogisch Markus
Published: October 2022

Redaktionel temaintroduktion
Urban dybde
Authors: Riesto Svava , Søberg Martin
Published: October 2022

Interview med arkitekturteoretiker Peter Carlom byens orden og nødvendigheden af konflikt
Anmeldelse
Authors: Troelsen Anders
Published: October 2022

Klaske HavikUrban Literacy. Reading andWriting ArchitectureNai010 Publishers 2014, 256 sider.Iain Borden, Murray Fraser og Barbara Penner (red.)Forty Ways To Think About Architecture.Architectural History and
Anmeldelse
Authors: Bøggild Signe Sophie
Published: October 2022

Timothy Brittain-CatlinBleak Houses. Disappointment and Failure inArchitectureMIT Press 2014, 192 sider.
Den udtømte sandhed og den sande uudtømmelighed
Authors: Kølle Anders
Published: October 2022

The Exhausted Truth and the True Inexhaustibility

What are the relations between images and truth? How can truth be represented? In the

article “The Exhausted Truth and the True Inexhaustibility”, the German romanticist and

philosopher Friedrich Schlegel’s theories concerning the great value and unmeasurable

importance of the endless, the unintelligible, and the inexhaustible serves as the opening

to a discussion of what is to be understood by the question of truth. Does truth pertain

to the forever unsayable domains of the oblique and evasive – that which must remain

outside the firm grasp of enlightenment and understanding? Or, on the contrary, is truth

that which not only can be enframed, but also reproduced and represented? The discussion

of this question brings forth a fundamental divide between Schlegel’s and Romanticism’s

idealizations of the creative and vitalistic transgressions of the human limits of

understanding and the boundaries set up in the names of enlightenment and knowledge.

As argued in the article, this divide would also describe a discrepancy between, on the one

hand, a contemplative search into the unknown depths of the world, and, on the other

DEN UDTØMTE SANDHED OG DEN SANDE UUDTØMMELIGHED 43 PERISKOP NR. 18 2017

hand, the desire to bring into light, into form, and into image. The Information Age in

which we are said to live today would appear to provide us first and foremost with the

latter image of truth: The substitution of Romanticism’s inexhaustive image of truth with

the true exhaustiveness of our image culture.
Ekkorum. Thorvaldsen, Willumsen, Jorn og deres samlinger
Authors: Christensen Hans Dam
Published: October 2022

Anmeldelse af kataloget: Ekkorum. Thorvaldsen, Willumsen, Jorn og deres samlinger
Anmeldelse: Steve Clay og Ken Friedman (red.): Intermedia, Fluxus and the Something Else Press: selected writings by Dick Higgins
Authors: Meijden Peter van der
Published: October 2022

Anmeldelse
Anmeldelse: Anne Ring Petersen: Migration into art: Transcultural identities and art-making in a globalised world
Authors: Lund Jacob
Published: October 2022

Anmeldelse
Kolofon
Authors: Redaktionen Periskop
Published: October 2022

Kolofon
Temaintroduktion: Kunstkritik i Danmark
Authors: Gade Rune , Jørgensen Anna Vestergaard , Lund Janna
Published: October 2022

Temaintroduktion
Hvad gør kunstkritik? Bidrag til forståelse af den aktuelle danske kunstkritiks funktioner i et historisk perspektiv
Authors: Gade Rune
Published: October 2022

Kunstkritikken er i de seneste 25 år blevet behandlet som en genre i krise. Der

er mindre af den end tidligere, og den er dårligere, lyder anklagerne. Frem for

alt er kunstkritikken mindre kritisk  end tidligere og lever derfor ikke op til sit

navn. Hvis man skal forstå forandringerne inden for det diverse og heterogene

felt, der kaldes kunstkritik, kunne man begynde med at spørge, hvad kunstkritikkens

formål egentlig er. Fungerer kunstkritik uforandret som genre, uafhængigt

af sine samfundsmæssige betingelser? Kan man definere særlige elementer, der

skal være til stede, for at en tekst kan bestemmes som kunstkritik? Kan kunstkritikken

ignorere ændringer i kunstnernes forvaltning af værkbegrebet? Kan

kunstkritikken undlade at forholde sig til de mere fleksible roller, fagpersoner

indtager i dag, hvor glidninger mellem kunstner, kunsthistoriker, kurator og

kritiker er mere labile end nogensinde? Hvordan skal kunstkritikken forholde sig

til de nye mediers omkalfatringer af offentlighedssfæren?
Tid til en jordet omsorg
Authors: Pontoppidan Andrea Fjordside
Published: October 2022

Tid til en jordet omsorg
Hvad vejer vækst?
Authors: Oxvig Henrik
Published: October 2022

Theories with emphasis on issues of proportionality have played a dominant role in the history of art and architecture and have thus contributed to our difficulty in recognising the consequences of growth: Leon Battista Alberti argued it was essential that a large and a small shape be proportioned identically and saw it as an advantage that actual size has no significance for proportions. Alberti’s considerations about what characterises a beautiful – well-proportioned – form can thus be linked to contemporary computer-generated architecture that effortlessly can be scaled up and down at a turn of the zoom button. In the computer, everything is scalable. But that is not the case in reality, where everything changes with size and a cube that on each side is 10 times larger than a smaller one is not 10, but 1,000 times heavier. The article embarks on the discussion of what it means to see the importance of size – and thus scale – in the world we inhabit and which seems to suffer because we ignore many heavy consequences of growth.
Livets rytme, kapitalens rytme. Noter om abstraktion, inflation og akkumuleret sammenbrud i og omkring Hans Richters Inflation
Authors: Dias Tobias
Published: October 2022

Livets rytme, kapitalens rytme. Noter om abstraktion, inflation og akkumuleret sammenbrud i og omkring Hans Richters Inflation
Museologi på AU. En evaluering af uddannelsen ud fra Knud Illeris’ kompetenceformel
Authors: Thorhauge Sally , Larsen Ane Hejlskov
Published: October 2022

På Aarhus Universitet (AU) har vi i regi af Center for Museologi (CfM) og vores bachelortilvalgsuddannelse i museologiske studier siden 2001 systematisk arbejdet med at bygge bro mellem akademisk, professionsrettet praksis og den faktiske praksis i museumssektoren. Det har vi gjort ved at sende de studerende i praktik på museer og tilsvarende kulturinstitutioner og ved at arbejde med problemorienteret ud-af-huset-undervisning i samarbejde med museer samt hands-on-øvelser på selve universitetet. I denne artikel vil vi ved hjælp af den danske læringsteoretiker Knud Illeris’ (2012, kap. 7) kompetencebegreb og “kompetenceformel” analysere og diskutere det anvendte kompetencebegreb i den aktuelle udgave af studieordningen for praktikmodulet i AU’s museologiske studier. Ligeledes vil vi ud fra samme kompetenceformel analysere og diskutere de studerendes arbejdsopgaver, som de fremgår af deres kontrakter med praktikmuseerne og praktikevalueringerne, som er blevet udfærdiget af de studerende og museerne i fællesskab.
INDUCTION: An Unknown at the Heart of Our Lives
Authors: Nyberg Lisa
Published: October 2022

This is an invitation to a practice, an induction, in the form of a text.
Materials and Nothingness. Structures and patterns in a post-industrial landscape
Authors: Finn Maria
Published: October 2022

Materials and Nothingness. Structures and patterns in a post-industrial landscape
Den svarte «barnepiken» og rasismens melankoli
Authors: Birkeli Helene Engnes
Published: October 2022

Den svarte «barnepiken» og rasismens melankoli
Carving Out Spaces of Possibility. An Interview with Ayana Omilade Flewellen
Authors: Cramer Nina
Published: October 2022

Carving Out Spaces of Possibility. An Interview with Ayana Omilade Flewellen
“This Silence is like an Invisible Wall that Needs to be Shattered and Broken”. An Interview with Jupiter Child
Authors: Marronage
Published: October 2022

“This Silence is like an Invisible Wall that Needs to be Shattered and Broken”. An Interview with Jupiter Child
I kontaktzonen mellem kunsthistorie og kolonihistorie
Authors: Danbolt Mathias , Cramer Nina , Elg Emil , Jørgensen Anna Vestergaard , Pushaw Bart
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

In a recent issue of Art History, editors Cathrine Grant and Dorothy Price ask what it would mean to think about art history and colonial history (and in particular decolonization) together. In this article, we continue this conversation in a Danish context, asking: What emerges if we approach Danish art history in light of colonial history and its material and conceptual logics? Our aim is to contribute to critical discussions of art history as discipline by attending to the “contact zones” (Pratt 1992) between art history and colonial history in a Danish and Nordic perspective. With a starting point in an analysis of “colonial ignorance” and methodological nationalism in Danish art history – and in the art museum in particular – the article analyzes two artworks in order to suggest how decolonial perspectives invite a renegotiation of what objects and questions are of relevance and value to art history today.
Developing ethical research behaviour in doctoral students
Authors: Furtak A M
Published: October 2022

Ethical research behaviour plays an essential role in ensuring the integrity of knowledge. Consequently, ethical transgressions during the research process negatively influence the knowledge produced, and have wider social consequences for various stakeholders in society. To honour the value and role of ethical research for individuals and society, researchers are required to display ethical judgement and ethically responsible research behaviour. Doctoral students, who are considered to be significant contributors to knowledge creation, can improve the quality of their research through their ethical research behaviour. Owing to the implicit and explicit ethical practices and conflicts that can arise during the research process, the supervision process is an opportune moment for developing ethical research behaviour and ethical capabilities in doctoral students. This article focuses on developing ethical research behaviour in doctoral students, and offers pragmatic guidelines for ways in which this behaviour can be developed during the supervision process.
Post-Socialist city in the mirror of global governance transformation
Authors: Moskaleva Svetlana Mikhailovna
Published: October 2022

In the last thirty years, questions about the future of urban development have been discussed in the world. Global agents and organizations (the World Bank, the UN) set the vectors of planning policy and set goals for the development of cities around the world. The role of the state in the management of urban development is changing. There is a transition from state regulation to "management", which includes new subjects in the management process: investors, businesses, citizens. The transformation of management models is explained by economic globalization, the emergence of a global economic sector. Cities are starting to compete with each other and focus on attracting investment. Governments of different countries are looking for suitable ways to manage cities. In this context, post-socialist cities that are facing the consequences of the transition from socialism to the market are of particular interest. The object of this research is the transformation in the management of a post-socialist city in the context of global changes. The subject is the ways of conceptualizing transformation in the management of a post–socialist city.   Tasks include: 1) identification of the main approaches to the analysis of transformations in the management of a post-socialist city under the influence of global changes; 2) description of the conceptual discussion around the concept of "post-socialist city" and the theoretical possibilities of its application; 3) discussion of these approaches in relation to the study of post-Soviet cities. The article presents an overview of theoretical and methodological concepts describing global transformations in city management. The scientific novelty consists in the expansion of the categorical apparatus for describing and conceptualizing the transformation in the management of post-socialist cities in the context of globalization, the ways for describing the transformation in the management of post-Soviet cities are outlined.
The Chant of Russian Pilgrim Singers and its Role in the Russian Folk Music Tradition
Authors: Korolkova Inga
Published: October 2022

The article characterizes the musical tradition of Russian singers-wanderers, recorded by collectors in the north-western, northern and central provinces of Russia. For the first time, a comparative study is being carried out of the variants of memorial and zazdravny chants performed by the crossing kaliks and beggars. The study summarizes various sources – auditory recordings of the XIX century, publications of the XX century, unpublished folklore materials. The author draws attention to the little-known recordings of memorial and health chants recorded in the Novgorod, Yaroslavl, Tver, Pskov regions. The objectives of the article are to conduct a comparative study of the tunes of the "poor brethren", to identify their typological properties and intonational origins. The author considers the health and memorial chants as a special phenomenon of Russian folk music culture. The core of this tradition was a chant, which served as a musical formula, to which the calics of the transition sang various texts. On the basis of the facts given in the article, it can be concluded that the main version of the tune of the kalik of the transients is characterized by a one-verse composition and a 10-time basis of small-scale construction. In Russian folklore, the existence of this musical-structural type is limited only to the health and memorial songs of Kalik, spiritual poems and the ballad "Prince Mikhailo", and is not found in other genre spheres. However, the close intonation, rhythmic, compositional relationship of the tune with a wide range of folklore genres indicates that it was formed on the basis of compositional and melodic techniques developed in the practice of peasant song culture. The intonational affinity of the chant with church hymns, especially with the forms of liturgical reading, is an indicator of the closeness of the singing culture of the Kalik of the transients and the church musical tradition as a whole, and also reveals those properties that can be attributed to the category of universals of the Old Russian musical language based on speech intonations.
The myth of the "humanity" of non-lethal weapons
Authors: Tikhanychev Oleg Vasilyevich
Published: October 2022

The subject of the study is a non-lethal (non-lethal) weapon. The object of the study is the thesis of his humanity and safety, put forward by some military experts. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the correctness of the thesis about its safety based on the analysis of the features of the use of non-lethal weapons in modern local wars and armed conflicts. The relevance of the study is determined by the appearance in the United States and NATO of updated conceptual and combat documents defining the principles and conditions for the use of non-lethal weapons. When writing the review article, general scientific research methods were used – analysis and synthesis, implemented on the basis of studying organizational documents that are in the public domain. Based on the assessment of the use of non-lethal weapons during local wars and recent military conflicts, the features and consequences of its use are analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are drawn that the purpose of using such weapons is not the humanization of conflicts stated in a number of conceptual documents, but to increase the effectiveness of defeating the enemy in difficult conditions of modern conflicts. Thus, in the review article it is determined that the increasing role of non-lethal weapons in modern operations is determined by its physical properties, which make it possible to solve the tasks of defeating the enemy in difficult conditions of the background-target situation characteristic of modern local wars and armed conflicts
Application of the Salini test in determining investments in the practice of the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes
Authors: Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna , Gadalov Gleb Andreevich
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the subject jurisdiction of ICSID in relation to investments. The determination of the existence of an investment in a particular dispute belongs to the exclusive competence of the arbitration itself, since the concept of "investment" is not disclosed in the text of the Washington Convention. The authors analyze in detail the criteria of the Salini test, which determine the subject jurisdiction of ICSID in relation to investments. The authors evaluate the main features of investment activity used by arbitrators in the qualification of certain transactions for their compliance with the requirements of Article 25 of the Washington Convention. The article presents an analysis of ICSID decisions, starting with the Fedex case, where for the first time the need to use objective criteria to determine jurisdiction was noted, and the Salini case, where the arbitrators disclosed the content of these criteria, as well as the subsequent ICSID practice.            The application of the Salini test is carried out by different arbitration structures in different ways. Despite the fact that the arbitrators using the Salini criteria differ in their number, content and method of determining the criteria (intuitive and deductive), the basis of the Salini Test (conditions of contribution, duration, presence of risks, contribution to the economy of the host state) remains unchanged. The authors pay special attention to the methodology of applying these criteria, noting that in each of the criteria, the arbitrators identify their own structure. The authors come to the conclusion that the Salini test, without having a regulatory character, allows to objectively distinguish investments protected at the level of international agreements from ordinary commercial transactions, provides potential investors with the opportunity to assess risks even before the start of investment activity on the territory of a foreign state, as well as to protect the parties to the investment legal relationship from abuse by the other party.
The African Criminal Court: Questions of Legality and Legitimacy.
Authors: Vladykina Anna
Published: October 2022

In this article, the author investigated the legality and legitimacy of the African Criminal Court. Despite the immunity provision criticized by the international community, its legality is consistent with international law, while it cannot be argued that the African Criminal Court is an African "panacea" for combating impunity for serious international crimes. The initial support of the International Criminal Court by the African Union and its member States in the process of creation turned into strained relations after the indictment of the International Criminal Courts mainly against high-ranking African government officials. Contrary to many critics, the Malaba Protocol on the Establishment of the African Criminal Court satisfied the requirements of both legality and legitimacy as an international criminal court. Consequently, since the African Criminal Court and the International Criminal Court have joint jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of international concern, the harmonization of the African Criminal Court and the International Criminal Court on the basis of complementarity and cooperation will lead to the formation of a tandem to combat impunity for the most serious crimes affecting the international community. The article analyzes that, despite the tense relations, the coordinated work of the African Union and the International Criminal Court is necessary in the fight against impunity for the most serious crimes of international concern. The author comes to the conclusion that the African Criminal Court is not an African alternative, but an addition to the International Criminal Court.
Current issues of preparation for the search
Authors: Bodunova Kseniya Gennad'evna
Published: October 2022

The search is one of the main investigative actions of the proof process. This is an investigative action aimed at compensating for the harm caused by the crime. The search is carried out forcibly and manifests itself in the examination of premises, terrain, transport and various persons. The purpose of this investigative action is the detection and seizure of objects, as well as people and corpses that are important for the investigation process. In order to conduct a search, it is necessary to have sufficient data on the possible presence in any place or person of objects related to the event of the crime or related to the investigation.    The lawful conduct of this investigative action is impossible without respect for constitutional human rights. But the study of forensic investigative practice shows that the investigative action in question does not receive sufficient attention in the investigation process and does not achieve the desired result. This is explained not only by the complexity of its implementation, but also by insufficient ideas of investigators about its importance, capabilities and procedure of production, which inevitably leads to formalism, passivity, unwillingness to use forensic recommendations and psychological techniques of search. This is partly due to the vagueness of legal regulations, as well as the lack of regulation of some important issues in the law. Thus, it is extremely important to consider problematic issues related to its preparation and conduct. The article reveals the significance of the stage of preparation for the search during the investigation, as well as the main measures aimed at its successful production.
The Road as a Sphere-Source of Metaphorical Expansion in the Modeling of the Education System in the Russian Media Pedagogical Discourse
Authors: Mardanova Mariia Alekseevna
Published: October 2022

The subject of the research in this article is the metaphors with the word "The Road" used in Russian Internet resources devoted to education issues when describing various concepts of the education system. The object of study is the media pedagogical discourse presented by publications in the Russian Internet sources Bulletin of Education and Vesti Obrazovaniya for the period from March 2019 to February 2022. The main method of research is linguistic-cognitive analysis. With regard to the implication of the concept sphere "Education", the image of the road is productive for describing the nature of pedagogical interactions and the state of the education system as a whole, as well as expressing an assessment of development trends in this area. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the Russian media-pedagogical discourse is the object of studying metaphorical word usage, representing the conceptual sphere of "Education". The main conclusions of the study are the following provisions. The use of metaphorical nominations with the source sphere "path, road" in the media pedagogical discourse is important when describing the activities of subjects of the education system. These nominations allow us to form a metaphorical model of "Education is a road" with a frame structure of "The right way", "The Wrong way", "Slowing down", "The end of the road". Concretizing and ordering the phenomena and events taking place in the educational environment, media texts actualize metaphors with the source sphere "The Road", where the educational process is perceived as the right or wrong path.
Wood, Stone, Thread: Aesthetics of the Most Ancient Archetypes in Modern Decorative and Applied Art
Authors: Nikiforova Anastasiia , Voronova Natlia
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the transformation of traditional folk culture archetypes of wood, stone, thread in modern decorative and applied art, as well as ways of using threads, wood and stone as materials for the manufacture of objects of modern art. The research does not aim to repeat classical ethnographic studies or to refer monographs on the history of culture. The article is an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the modern practice of decorative and applied art from the point of view of the philosophy of culture and practical aesthetics. This approach is a unique experience in the analysis of jewelry and decorative practices of processing heterogeneous materials of natural origin. The cluster of masters of decorative and applied art in Russia is expanding, there are more and more opportunities and materials for creativity, but the authors of the products themselves are not engaged in stylistic, art criticism or philosophical understanding of their activities. Nevertheless, their works, according to researchers, reflect the oldest mythological images that are the cornerstones of Russian culture and represent the heritage of world culture, transformed by post-culture and man-made trends that have penetrated, among other things, into art. Archetypes of wood, stone, thread, preserved since ancient times, acquire new meanings and new forms of embodiment in the works of modern authors.
The Settlement of the Kaliningrad region: a question about the gender and age composition of the first settler families
Authors: Lopatin Mikhail , Stalmakova (Saenko) Angelina
Published: October 2022

The post-war settlement of part of the territory of the former East Prussia is one of the most important events in the history of the newly formed region, which was reflected in a key way at all stages of its formation as part of the RSFSR. The scale of the migration process makes it one of the largest organized by the Soviet government. In the article, based on the statistical analysis of the database currently being filled in, "Echelon lists of migrants to the Kaliningrad region. 1946-1947" and studies of the texts of memoirs of the first settlers collected in the 1980s and 90s, the sex and age composition of the first and most numerous migration wave is characterized. It was found that mainly families of 4-6 people were resettled, headed by a 40-year-old man. At the same time, there were 1.6 times more women among those over the age of 18. Two thirds of the arrivals were minors, the average age of which is 10 years. Despite the fact that the memories of the resettlement participants were recorded at a much later time, they are consistent with the statistical estimates obtained. The results of the work partially fill in the information that has been missing so far about the exact composition of the Kaliningrad migration, which, as can be seen, is significantly younger, and therefore more balanced in terms of sex ratio than the population of other regions of the Soviet Union.
Development of designs of four-seat airplanes in the XX century
Authors: Kuzmin Yury Viktorovich
Published: October 2022

The work is devoted to the analysis of a specific sub-branch of airplane construction and, at the same time, to the search of general laws of technology development. For the first time, a global picture of the development of designs of four-seat airplanes in the XX century is given, priority designs are identified. It is shown that the development of four-seat airplanes goes through two stages: the search (until the end of the 1940s), when popular airplane schemes periodically replaced each other, the airplane characteristics varied greatly, and the second stage of mature technology. In the second half of the XX century, both the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of four-seat airplanes remain almost constant and attempts to improve them did not lead to an increase in demand. The change of technology generations was replaced by coexistence, when each type of construction worked out during the previous period found its market niche. The division of phases, the transition from generation’s change to their coexistence, is clearly visible when analyzing both qualitative and quantitative data of airplanes. A paradoxical reaction of aircraft manufacturers to the decline in sales was found, expressed in increased design activity and an attempt to offer products with better technical characteristics. The inefficiency of such a reaction was shown. It is revealed that, contrary to widespread opinion, the change of technological solutions in production is faster than in development. As a result, most of the market is captured not by pioneers and not by retrogrades, but by followers – those who use modern, but already tested technologies in their products. At the same time, attempts to create and offer aircraft to consumers in a methodology that is no longer in demand have persisted unsuccessfully for decades.