bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Trace Element Contents of Fruit Juice Samples by ICP OES and ICP-MS
Authors: de Souza Max José , Barciela-Alonso María Carmen , Aboal-Somoza Manuel , Bermejo-Barrera Pilar
Published: October 2021

Fruit juices were analysed for their contents in a series of essential and toxic elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, V, Sb, Mo and Zn). Samples were subjected to microwave-assisted acid digestion (HNO3/H2O2), and analytes were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), in axial mode, or by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with kinetic energy discrimination, using 103Rh and 89Y as internal standards. The methods were validated, showing good precision (relative standard deviations < 10%), linearity and mean analytical recovery values (89 to 103%). The ICP-OES instrumental limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.3 μg L-1 (for Mg) and 1.5 μg L-1 (for Ca), whereas ICP-MS instrumental LODs varied from 2 ng L-1 (for Co, Mo and V) to 5.7 μg L-1 (for Na). Some toxic elements (As and Sb) were not detected in the fruit juices analyzed, Cd concentrations were below the maximum permitted level established by Brazilian and European regulations and only in one sample the Pb concentration (61.7 µg L-1) exceeded current legal limits. Besides, essential elements such as Ca, Mg and Na were in high concentrations in the samples analyzed.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis STEM Rumah Hidrolik Ditinjau dari Hasil Belajar dan Respon Siswa terhadap Matematika
Authors: Sulistyawati Eka , Faizah Lailatul , Nisa Ifatun , Putra Ilham G.
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan Media Pembelajaranrumah hidrolik berbasisSTEM (Science, Technology, Engeenering, and Mathematics) pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar; (2) mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis STEM berdasarkan validasi/penilaian dari ahli media dan ahli materi (3) mengetahui kepraktisan media pembelajaran rumah hidrolik berbasis STEM olehÂ  praktisi pembelajaran; (4) mengetahui keefektifan media pembelajaran rumah hidrolik berbasis STEM. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs. Hidayatus Sholihin. Jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Media Pembelajaran berbasis STEM dikembangkan melalui lima tahapan yaitu (a) Analisis (Analysis), b) Desain (Design), c) Pengembangan (Development) d) Impelementasi (Implementation) dan e) Evaluasi (Evaluation); (2) tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran STEM berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi diperoleh 83% yang termasuk dalam kategori layak, ahli media diperoleh 89,2%Â  yang termasuk dalam kategorilayak,(3) tingkat kepraktisan berdasarkan penilaian praktisi pembelajaran diperoleh 94%Â  yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat praktis; (3) hasil respon siswaÂ  diperoleh 80,6%Â  yang termasuk dalam kategori baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, media pembelajaran rumah hidrolik berbasis STEM yang dikembangkan ini layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran bangun ruang sisi datar, (4) Hasil rata-rata nilai yang diperoleh oleh siswa mencapai di atas KKM yang telah ditentukan oleh pihak sekolah.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbantuan Adobe Flash CS6 pada Kelas IV MI NW Sukamulia
Authors: Yazid Muh. , Herma Sofia Malinda , Husni Muh. , Sururuddin Muh.
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan langkah pengembangan media pembelajaran Interaktif Berbantuan Adobe Flash CS6.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development), langkah-langkah penelitian iniberpedoman pada model ADDIE yaitu: (1) Analisis, (2) Desain, (3) Pengembangan, (4) Implementasi, (5) Evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 15 orang siswa kelas IV MI NW Sukamulia. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kelayakan Media Pembelajaran yangdikembangkan ini adalah angket penilaian oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, dan untuk mengetahui respon siswa menggunakan angketrespon siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan skor dari ahli media sebesar 74 dan ahli materi sebesar 46 dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 60 yang berada pada kategori sangat baik sehingga sangat layak untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran. Sedangkan respon siswa memperoleh hasil skorsebesar 74 dengan kategori sangat baik, sehingga dapat dikatakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbantuan Adobe Flash CS6 yang dikembangkan sangat layak untuk digunakan.
Does Rural Tourism Really Improve Public Welfare? An Empirical Evidence from Desa Wukirsari
Authors: Ummudiyah Nazovah , Prasetyo Tri Utomo
Published: October 2021

This study examines the impact of rural tourism on the public welfare of Desa Wukirsari. We use monthly income and consumption expenditure as a proxy for welfare and categorize it based on people's jobs into five categories, i.e., craftsman, entrepreneur, laborer, employee, and farmer. We conduct a non-parametric test for the data because of the violation of the normality assumption. The results show that both the people's income and consumption expenditure increase as of Desa Wukirsari became rural tourism. We also find the same conclusions based on people's jobs. These results empirically prove that the welfare of the people of Desa Wukirsari improved after rural tourism. The people of Desa Wukirsari can utilize their resources to improve their quality of life.
Self Management Education Healthy Life Behavior towards changes in perception and knowledge of COVID transmission 19
Authors: Setiyowati Eppy , Hanik Umi , Juliasih Ni Njoman
Published: October 2021

Covid 19 is a deadly infectious disease caused by the corona virus, which is still a global pandemic. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of self management education on changes in people's perceptions and knowledge in East Java. One effort to change perceptions and knowledge of the breaking of the covid 19 chain was carried out with a self management education approach. Methods: Quasi-experiment one group pre and post design in patients who visited polyclinic 3 hospitals in East Java as many as 150 respondents were divided into 2 groups: 75 respondents in the control group and 75 respondents in the treatment group. Sampling through simple random sampling technique. Pretest data collection to identify perceptions and knowledge, then the intervention of self management education was carried out and finally posttest conducted. Pretest and posttest data collection included closed questionnaire, data analysis was performed with Mann Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Result: Changes in perception and knowledge a significant after self management education in hospitals at East Java. Conclusion: self management education able to change the perception and knowledge of patients about covid transmission 19. In the future it is necessary to research more deeply about the behavior of the community towards the breaking of the covid 19.
The Roles of Japanese Industrial Sectors: The Perspective of Input-Output Analysis
Authors: Zuhdi Ubaidillah , Edza Aria Wikurendra
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the roles of industries in the national economy of Japan. The study employs Input-Output (IO) analysis as an analyis tool. More specifically, this study uses the parts of IO analysis, namely simple output multiplier, simple household income multiplier, index of the power of dispersion, and index of the sensitivity of dispersion as analysis devices. The analysis period of this study is 2011-2015. The results show that the consistency of several industries in influencing the Japanese national economy on the analysis period could be seen from both multipliers. Besides, the characteristics of almost all Japanese industrial sectors on the period of analysis did not change.
Is It Possible to Perform Online Marriage during COVID-19 Outbreak?
Authors: Syatar A , Bakry M
Published: October 2021

This article aims to initiate on performing marriage contracts virtually during the co-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This article adopts normative and empirical facts that occur among Muslims in Indonesia. An interesting result of this study state the teachings of Islamic jurisprudence allows do a marriage contract via online as discussed by classical clerics across schools. The consideration for the government and legislative body in the future should be to look again at the views of classical and contemporary scholars. Muslims must accept the fact that marriage in Indonesia no longer refers to the books of the clergy, but to the marriage law. Therefore, the book of scholars is used as a source for updating the marriage law for the understanding and benefit of Muslims. Without banging on religious and state polemics but integrating them into marriage laws relevant to space and time
Use of Ground, Understand, Revise, and Use (GURU) Process to increase the self confidence of SMK students in Kediri City
Authors: Krisphianti Yuanita Dwi , Setyaputri Nora Yuniar , Gumilang Galang Surya
Published: October 2021

Self confidence is a belief in one’s own abilities, its feel free to do things according to your wishes and responsibilities for their action, have a good relationship  with others, have a drive for a achievement and can recognize the strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the GURU Process to increase the self confidence of SMK students. The research method uses a quantitative approach, an experimental technique with a pre-posttest one group design. The research subjects were students of SMKN 2 Kediri who were selected by purposive sampling is those who had low self confidence. Data collection uses a scale of self confidence. This article is limited to research methods. The results of the study are expected to be the references and additional insights to BK GURUs in SMK, its the use of the GURU Process technique to increase student confidence
Willingness to Communicate in English among non-English Major Malaysian Undergraduates
Authors: Saidi Siti Bahirah
Published: October 2021

Current policies to second language teaching (L2) put great emphasis on improving the communicative skills of the learners. Teachers, however, found that some learners avoid L2 communication despite their excellent proficiency level in the target language.  The literature on learners' reticence highlights the considerable number of studies available on willingness to communicate (WTC). However, most of the studies were conducted in the contexts that bear little resemblance to a multicultural Malaysia. The present study aimed to explore how interlocutors and contexts contribute to the participants' WTC level. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews (n = 14). The findings revealed that the participants' WTC fluctuate across interlocutors and contexts. The evidence from the current findings confirms the notion that WTC is a dynamic variable. However, the present data offers an alternative view concerning fluctuation across interlocutors. The paper concludes with pedagogical implications
Building Ecological Citizenship Through Students Engagement in ‘Green Youth’ Community in Wonosalam Jombang
Authors: Akhwani Akhwani , Wahyudi Agus
Published: October 2021

The issue of the ecological crisis has become a global issue that often approaches every country throughout the world. As the implication of the development of Indonesian’s industry among many countries where the environment is damaged. Illegal exploitation of the forest, the rest of the industrial processing in the form of waste or waste that results in an imbalance in the efforts to care for the environment. Leaving aside the role of citizens, in guarding the environment from damage and extinction is a factor in the destruction of the country's future environment. The function and role of educational institutions (schools) has not been maximized with learning that has a sense of crisis towards the environment to building the behavior of educated citizens (students) who have a reflective ability towards themselves as citizens of the surrounding environment. The typology of the character of such citizens is more familiarly referred to as eco citizenship, in addition to having knowledge it also plays an active role and cares for its environment. Therefore, how important is the effort to build student character with the concept of eco citizenship which has moral and ethical competence in caring for, managing and preserving the environment with full responsibility. The aim of this research is to find out how students are involved in the 'green youth' community in building eco citizenship.

This study used a qualitative case study approach. The subjects include the student group and the 'green youth' community. The data collection techniques are interviews, observation, and documents. This study expected that the involvement of students in the 'green youth' community with the programs has succeeded in building students who cares about the environment, such an environmentally conscious lifestyle point of view of Civic Education as the development of civic virtue become the estuary of the Civics learning objectives. The virtue of citizens by attending and playing an active role in caring for the environment is achieved thanks to the involvement of the 'green youth' community in developing cognitive competencies, skills, ethics and participation in caring for the environment.
The Influence of Online Learning on the Formation of Children's Character in Fathinah Kindergarten, Majene Regency
Authors: Sapiah Sapiah
Published: October 2021

The role models of parents who are seen and felt directly by students are the main key to character education while learning from home. Especially in the current situation, where many parents are very busy working, especially at times when online learning is conducted. students. The government is committed to providing optimal Early Childhood Education (PAUD) services even during the Covid-19 pandemic. During BDR, children's learning time is also not set at a certain hour but follows the parent's time so it is more flexible. This study aims to determine how the effect of online learning on children's character formation in Fathinah Kindergarten, Majene Regency and to find out whether online learning can influence children's character formation in Fathinah Kindergarten, Majene Regency. This research uses qualitative research. Methods of data collection using observation, documentation and interviews. The data validity technique used triangulation. Data analysis techniques used data collection, data selection, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that character education of children in terms of preparing clothes, inviting children to bathe and wash their own hair, getting children to brush their own teeth, getting children to be able to wear and take off clothes by themselves, wash hands, exercise, worship according to their respective beliefs so that all there is a difference between before and after being given character education treatment.
Load Analysis on LPMP Makassar Buildings By Using Static and Dynamic
Authors: Isdyanto Andi , Syukuriah Syukuriah
Published: October 2021

Indonesian territory which consists of several islands, both large and large and small, is an area that has a level of vulnerability. In this case heard and witnessed through the media various events from natural phenomena, namely earthquakes in recent years that hit several regions in Indonesia. The potential for natural phenomena to occur is very large because the position of the Indonesian archipelago is at the confluence of the Australian plate, the Pacific plate, and the Eurasian plate. This condition causes the need to comply with the principles of planning and implementing an earthquake resistant system in every building structure to be built in the territory of Indonesia, especially for areas that have a moderate to high level of earthquake risk or vulnerability. Research on the main structure of the LPMP office building with 8 floors aims to determine the behavior of the structure in response to static earthquake loads and dynamic earthquake loads.

The method suitable for building design involving earthquake loads in the calculation is the equivalent static. This method  is only intended for regular horizontal and vertical SNI 1726(2012)buildings. One of the characteristics of a regular bulding is that the building’s height is less than 40 meters and 10 levels as seen from the building pedestal so that the building tends to be rigid and the building is low. Along with the development of the times, many software that can be used to facilitate an earthquake resistant building design in Indonesia have been revised to SNI-1726(2012).

In earthquake SNI 03-1726-2012 article 7.1.3 it is stated that : the final value of the dynamic response of the building structure to the nominal earthquake loading due to the effect of a planned earthquake in a certain direction, should not be taken less than 85 % of the value of the first variety response. If the dynamic response of the building structure is expressed in nominal basic shear force V, where the value of the oh the nominal base shear for each static earthquake in the x direction is 0.867622 and the y direction is 0.975368 where the bigger the dynamic earthquake in the x direction is 3425.624 and the y direction amounting to 3550.92 so that the structural seismicity review shows the result that meet the seismic requirements stipulated in the SNI, starting from the building period, the mass participation ratio, the basic shear force of structural deviations.
Evaluation of Interview Application based on Radon System
Authors: Kamil Ahmad Syafiq , Kurniastuti Ima
Published: October 2021

The interview process is an important process in collecting data on the developmentof a master plan where data collection is currently done manually. the manual data collectionstage results in a delay in the analysis process. in the end, it caused a delay in the entire scheduleof the project being worked on. in this study researchers designed and developed a surveyapplication that serves to facilitate a surveyor in collecting data. Survey application design usingUML consisting of usecase diagrams, sequence diagrams, and ERD. this application was alsobuilt using the django framework. This application analysis uses a library that is Radon. by usingradon applications can be calculated using several indicators such as cyclomatic cycle(CC),maintability index (MI) and the risk of the application. the results of this study have beendeveloped a survey application where this application has a low CC level, a high MI level and alow level of risk.
Role of Media and Communication Channels in Creating Panic during Covid-19 Movement Control Order
Authors: Salman Ali , Shahzad Manahil
Published: October 2021

Media and Communication Channels as carriers of news on COVID-19 might have a role in spreading panic among the population. This study was conducted to determine the media and communication channels responsible for creating panic among Malaysians during COVID-19 Movement Control Order (MCO). A survey using questionnaire was used to collect data from 253 respondents across Malaysia. In terms of media and communication channels, most of the respondents reported that they panic due to the exposure to reports from online media (Internet and social media). This is followed by communication with family members. TV, radio and newspaper reports are the third contributors of panic among Malaysians during COVID-19 MCO. Meanwhile about half of the respondents said they panic because of curiosity about COVID-19. It is an irony that online media, which contributes to the panic is also a source of information on COVID-19 and platform to work from home.
Decision Making System Determination of assistance Home renovation With Weight product and simplle additive weighting
Authors: Efendi Dwi Marisa , Asepafandi Asepafandi , Rustam Rustam
Published: October 2021

Home used for shelter, .[1][2]  communities don’t  have home, its because poverty factor. .[3] The government has a program that can eradicate poverty, one of which is a home renovation program. Data obtained from about poverty rate in Lampung province amounted to 13.01% in September 2018, [4] This Program is given to residents according to the criteria specified. Currently A home renovation program  is still subjective, This research uses the method WP and saw There are 11 criteria , it needs  to solve this problem. They are Work, land Status of residence, Wall house, drinking water source, fuel for cooking, MCK Condition, consumption (meat, milk, chicken) per year, highest education of family head, family head income, roof structure, floor type
Designing The Simulation Model to Increase Production Using Flexsim Software
Authors: Fariza Halidatsani Azhra
Published: October 2021

XYZ is a Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) that manufactures dolls from rasfur and velboa fabrics. XYZ uses a flowshop with a make-to-stock production system. The problem that occurs in XYZ is that they have not been able to achieve production targets so they cannot complete customer demands. This study aims to simulate the production system so that it can be analyzed problems and taking the best solution. The method used in this study is modeling and simulation using flexsim 6.0 software. After modeled on Flexsim, it can be seen that significant problems exist in the flow from cutting to the sewing machine and the sewing process time is too long. Therefore, the researcher tries to add a sewing machine as an investment so that there are no lost opportunities. After the addition, it turned out that XYZ was able to produce an average of 80 dolls per day by adding 2 sewing machines as a future investment.
Segment tip geometry of sheet intrusions, II: Field observations of tip geometries and a model for evolving emplacement mechanisms
Authors: Stephens Tara , Walker Richard , Healy David , Bubeck Alodie
Published: October 2021

Igneous sheet intrusions are segmented across several orders of magnitude, with segment tip geometry commonly considered indicative of the propagation mechanism (brittle or non-brittle). Proposed propagation mechanisms are inferred to represent host rock mechanical properties during initial magma emplacement; typically, these models do not account for segment sets that show a range of tip geometries within the same lithology. We present a detailed structural characterization of basaltic sill segments and their associated host rock deformation from the Little Minch Sill Complex, Isle of Skye, UK, and a broader comparison with segment geometries in three additional intrusive suites (Utah, USA; and Mull and Orkney, UK).  Each separate host lithology shows multiple tip geometries and styles of host rock deformation, from elastic-brittle fracture, to viscous indentation and fluidisation. We attribute this range of host rock deformations to evolving conditions that occur at the tips both during sheet growth and arrest.
Çiftçilerin Tarımsal Kuraklık Hakkında Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Düşünceleri: Ceyhan Havzası Örneği
Authors: ÇUHADAR Muhammed
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de kuraklıktan en çok etkilenen havzalardan biri olan Ceyhan Havzası’nda uzun yıllar yağış verilerine göre en az yağış alan Afşin, Elbistan ve Ekinözü ilçelerinde yürütülmüştür. Anket çalışması bu ilçelerde yer alan üretici sayısıyla orantılı olarak 162 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı kuraklıktan etkilenen üreticilerin kuraklık hakkında bilgi düzeylerini ölçmek, kuraklıkla ilgili düşüncelerini belirlemek ve kuraklıktan etkilenme derecelerini etkileyen faktörleri saptamaktır. Bu amaçla ilgili konularda ortalama ve frekans değerleri verilerek bazı öneriler getirilmiştir. Ayrıca kuraklıktan etkilenme derecelerini etkileyen faktörlerin tespiti için Sıralı Probit Model kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çiftçilerin kuraklık hakkındaki bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğu ve kuraklıktan etkilenme derecelerini etkileyen faktörlerin; yaş, eğitim, tarımsal gelir payı, sulu arazi miktarı, susuz arazi miktarı, yeraltı suyu kullanma durumu olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Çapakçur Çayı Bazı Su Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Bingöl Yerleşim Merkezinin (Kentleşmenin) Etkisi
Authors: DEMİR Yasin , ER Hasan , DOĞAN DEMİR Azize , İNİK Orhan
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma Çapakçur çayı suyunun bazı kalite parametreleri üzerine, yerleşim yerinin etkisini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Bingöl il merkezinden geçen Çapakçur çayı üzerinde il merkezinin giriş ve çıkışında 12 ay süresince her ay su örnekleri alınmıştır. Su örnekleri üzerinde, pH, Elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), Sodyum (Na+), Kalsiyum (Ca++), Magnezyum (Mg++), Potasyum (K+), Klor (Cl-), Karbonat (CO3-), Bikarbonat (HCO3-), Krom (Cr), Kurşun (Pb), Demir (Fe), Kadmiyum (Cd), Nikel (Ni), Kobalt (Co), Bakır (Cu), Çinko (Zn), Arsenik (As), Civa (Hg), Askıda Katı Madde (AKM) analizleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yerleşim biriminin, suların krom, kobalt ve demir konsantrasyonunu istatistiksel olarak arttırdığı belirlenmiştir (P
Síndrome acento extranjero en Esclerosis Múltiple, revisión y presentación de un caso.
Authors: Barriga-Maldonado Vanessa , Posadas-Pinto Diego Rubén , Cruz-Guillermo Miriam , López-Hernández Diana Citlalli , Treviño-Frenk Irene
Published: October 2021

Introducción: El Síndrome de Acento Extranjero (SAE) una entidad rara, los pacientes desarrollan cambios en el ritmo y tono del habla (prosodia), percibidos como un acento diferente al de su lengua natal. Existen tres tipos de SAE: neurogénico, psicogénico y mixto. El SAE es infrecuente en EM, y aún más como síntoma debut.
Objetivo. Revisión del SAE, tipos, fisiopatología y presentación en EM y evolución.
Desarrollo. El SAE Las lesiones corticales en EM se correlacionan con deterioro cognitivo, discapacidad motora, síntomas psiquiátricos, alteraciones del lenguaje, síntomas conversivos y crisis epilépticas. La mayoría de los casos publicados de SAE han sufrido lesión en el hemisferio dominante, en corteza prerrolándica y áreas adyacentes, áreas motoras frontales de asociación, en putamen, ganglios basales, fosa posterior (protuberancia, cerebelo), por diferentes etiologías siendo la más frecuente la vascular.
Compartimos un caso clínico: mujer, 44 años debuta con SAE interpretado inicialmente como infarto cerebral en quien finalmente se concluyó el diagnóstico de esclerosis múltiple. Ha tenido mejoría parcial de los síntomas posterior a rehabilitación fonoaudiológica. 
Conclusiones. SAE es una presentación infrecuente de debut de EM. Debe considerarse la etiología desmielinizante en pacientes jóvenes, con escasos o sin factores de riesgo vascular y apoyarse en estudios complementarios de neuroimágenes.
RECOMMENDATION ON USE OF METHOTREXATE IN SARCOIDOSIS PATIENTS (WASOG, 2013) AND THE BACKGROUND FOR ITS UPDATE
Authors:   SO “National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine”, Merenkova І. O. , Vlasova N. A.
Published: October 2021

RECOMMENDATION ON USE OF METHOTREXATE IN SARCOIDOSIS PATIENTS (WASOG, 2013) AND THE BACKGROUND FOR ITS UPDATE І. O. Merenkova, N. A. Vlasova Abstract In 2013 the experts of World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous disorders (WASOG) have published the recommendations on use of methotrexate (MTX) in sarcoidosis patients. Considering the fact that by the moment of publishing of the recommendations, there were data presented from only one small (n=24) randomized trial (Baughman R. P. et al., 2000) and limited data from observational studies, the recommendations were mainly based on case series reports and sarcoidosis experts’ opinion, collected from appropriate survey. Since that time several trials on efficacy and safety of MTX, including large retrospective studies (Fang C., et al., 2019; Vizel A. A. et al., 2020; Baughman R. P. et al., 2020) have been accomplished. Current statement of WASOG has considered these new data. Upon review of recommendations the authors concluded that based on rich body research data on short and long-term outcomes of MTX use in pulmonary sarcoidosis, published during last 8 years, MTX may be prescribed as first line medication in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary sarcoidosis. A safety profile of MTX allows to use it at initial dose of 15 mg/week. The concomitant administration of folic acid should be limited by cases of MTX intolerance, until new research data on this matter become available. In authors’ opinion, recommendations # 4-10, in connection with MTX safety, are up-to-date and should not be revised. Key words: pulmonary sarcoidosis, methotrexate, recommendations of WASOG-2013. Ukr. Pulmonol. J. 2021;29(3):53–57.
MODERN METHODS OF ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSING OF ACUTE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors:   SO “National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine”, Bororova O. L. , Dziublyk Y. O. , Iachnyk V.A.
Published: October 2021

MODERN METHODS OF ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSING OF ACUTE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS O. L. Bororova, Y. O. Dziublyk, V.A. Iachnyk Abstract The review presents the possibilities presented by various methods of etiological diagnostics used in pulmonology. The main method of diagnosing acute community-aquired lower respiratory tract infections is the microbiological approach which includes microscopy of patient’s material with Gram staining, cultures on nutrient media, isolation of culture, identification and determination of susceptibility of a microorganism to antibiotics. But unfortunately the etiologocal factor cannot be detected in about half of patients. Recently, the popularity of molecular methods of etiological diagnosis has grown. They are characterized by greater sensitivity to microbiological methods and allow to get results faster. Molecular diagnostic tests are divided into four categories depending on the mechanism based on them: immunoassay, hybridization methods, amplification and sequencing methods. Among the tests based on the principles of immunoassay, noteworthy are rapid tests, which are most consistent with the idea of an ideal diagnostic tool in the field of laboratory medicine. They are fast, simple, cheap, highly sensitive and highly specific. However, as the appearance of specific antibodies in the body takes some time, the results of tests based on immunoassay remain positive for several weeks after the delayed episode of acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection, so they have diagnostic value only in the presence of clinical manifestations of the disease. The genetic approach allows the detection of infectious agents in the early stages of the disease, when serological and immunological methods are ineffective. Tests based on nucleic acid amplification, including PCR, have also become increasingly common recently. These methods should be used for the diagnosis of atypical pathogens and respiratory viruses, because their cultivation in culture is difficult. Sequencing and mass spectrometry methods are being actively developed, but there are limitations that prevent their use in everyday clinical practice. So the combination of microbiological approach with molecular diagnostic methods is the most optimal for the identification of the causative agent of acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and the use of targeted etiotropic treatment. Key words: acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections, etiological diagnosis, microbiological, serological, immunological, molecular genetic methods, ICA, PCR, sequencing, mass spectrometry. Ukr. Pulmonol. J. 2021;29(3):58–65
Rancangan Fasilitas Pusat Komunitas Film Indie di Surabaya
Authors: Aisyah Rinda Amalia , Rachim Amir Mukmin , Azizah Siti
Published: October 2021

Berkembangnya kota Surabaya di bidang perfilman salah satunya film Indie dengan acara festival perfilman yang pernah diadakan di kota menunjukkan potensi yang dimiliki kota Surabaya. Di satu sisi fasilitas untuk film Indie dan komunitas film Indie yang ada di kota Surabaya saat ini masih sangat minim. Kondisi tersebut membuat  orang yang tertarik dengan film Indie mengalami kesulitan untuk mengenal lebih jauh tentang film Indie. Permasalahannya adalah, Bagaimana membuat rancangan fasilitas pusat komunitas  film Indie. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Rancangan fasilitas ini diharapkan dapat memberi fasilitas yang memadai bagi para kreator film Indie dan penggemar film Indie untuk lebih bebas berkarya sehingga dapat menambah minat bagi penggemar film.
Transhumanism, Utopia, and the Problem of the Real inReady Player One
Authors: Monteith Andrew
Published: October 2021

Ann Taves’s argument about “special things” permits religion scholars to analyze secular texts fruitfully. Notably, Ernest Cline’s Ready Player One speculates about humanity’s possible future and how technological advancement could reshape it. Although the narrative assumes an atheistic stance, its central, conceptual tensions are categorically religious. Cline’s imagined cyberworld sensorily immerses users into an alternative kind of space and allows them to inhabit bodies of their own choosing; this represents a kind of transhumanist, utopian impulse similar to shamanism. However, Ready Player One problematizes this created world ontologically and questions whether relationships formed in such a place can be authentically meaningful. Contrasting the book, the film adaptation, and fan fiction illustrates the controversial stakes at play.
The limits of evidence-based anti-bribery law
Authors: Davis Kevin E
Published: October 2021

Evidence-based regulation is a term of art that refers to the process of making decisions about regulation based on evidence generated through systematic research. There is increasing pressure to treat evidence-based regulation as a global best practice, including in the area of anti-bribery law. Too little attention has been paid to the fact that under certain conditions evidence-based regulation is likely to be a less appealing method of decision making than the alternative – namely, relying on judgment. Those conditions are: it is difficult to collect data on either interventions or outcomes; accurate causal inferences are difficult to draw; there is little warrant for believing that the same causal relationships will apply in a new context; or the decision makers in question lack the capacity to undertake one of these tasks. These conditions are likely to be present in complex, transnational, decentralized, and dynamic forms of business regulation such as the global anti-bribery regime.
SMEs resiliencies and agility during pandemic Covid-19: a bibliography analysis and future directions
Authors: Arsawan I Wayan Edi , Supartha I Wayan Gede , Rustiarini Ni Wayan , Sita Laksmi Putu Ayu
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The Covid 19 pandemic has challenged SMEs to continue to innovate, develop and maintain sustainability. Various efforts have been made to be able to have performance and competitiveness. Covid-19 provides lessons on how SMEs must be agile and resilient to turbulence, especially the global crisis so that they can carry out risk mapping, take important lessons and build relevant strategies.
Aims and Task. This study aims to map the literature on organizational agility and organizational resilience in SMEs by conducting a bibliography analysis on 932 papers published in 2010-2021 in the Scopus bibliography.
Result. Based on the results of the network visualization, there are seven main clusters. From the results of the overlay visualization, a supply chain is the most important variable concerning organizational agility and organizational resilience in realizing sustainability. Meanwhile, in the density visualization aspect, variables with a very high probability as future research topics such as supply management, supply chain sustainability, sustainable development goals, human resource management, chain resilience, sustainable supply chain management, agile, urban resilience, visibility, supply chain design, resilient supplier selection, and enterprise architecture.
Conclusion. The present study produces a visual trend of organizational agility and resilience in SMEs sector that can be used as a references, guidance and proposed for further researchers in exploring research topics, bridging the gap in the literature, building expertise in related topic, increasing the number of citations, and enhance international networking among authors all around the world. Research regarding organizational agility and resilience could be a strategic and essential because of every organization need to sustain their existance, minimize potential risk both financial and non-financial.
François Truffaut’nun “Les Quatre Cents Coups” Filminin Erken Dönem Nesne İlişkileri Bağlamında Bir İncelemesi
Authors: YILDIRIM Jülide Ceren
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma, Yeni Dalga akımının en önemli temsilcilerinden François Truffaut’nun 1959 yılında çektiği ilk uzun metrajlı filmi olan Les Quatre Cents Coups filmine psikanalitik bir bakış sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Filmin baş kahramanı Antoine Doinel 13 yaşında, okulu asan, hırsızlık yapan, yalan söyleyen bir ergendir. Bu inceleme kapsamında öncelikle psikanalitik kuramda ergenlik döneminden söz edilmiş; ergenin içinden geçtiği değişim süreci ve bunun ergenin ruhsallığı üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra, Antoine Doinel’in bu dönemde yaşadığı zorlukların ve eyleme dökme davranışlarının erken dönem yaşantılarıyla olan ilişkileri filmden sahneler ile birlikte Winnicott, Bion ve Klein’ın kuramları temel alınarak incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, erken dönem nesne ilişkilerindeki problematiklerin ergenlik dönemindeki çatışmalara olan etkileri ele alınmıştır. Aynı zamanda, Les Quatre Cents Coups filmi yarı-otobiyografik bir niteliğe sahiptir. Bu nedenle, Antoine Doinel’in incelemesinin akabinde yönetmen François Truffaut’nun yaşam öyküsüne de değinilmiştir. Buradan yola çıkarak ergenlik dönemi ve yaratıcılık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve Truffaut’nun yaratıcı çalışmalarının temeli yine psikanalitik kuram temel alınarak yorumlanmıştır.
3-7 Yaş Çocukların Depresif Belirtileri İle Annelerinin Kapsayıcı İşlevleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ZABCI Neslihan , EROL Elif
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada annelerin kapsayıcılık işlevleri ile çocuklarında görülen depresif belirtiler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Çalışmanın katılımcılarını 331 aile oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları, Ebeveyn Çocuk Kapsayıcı İşlev Ölçeği (KİÖ), Çocuk Depresif Belirti Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ÇDBÖ) ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Demografik Bilgi Formudur. Bulgular: Ölçekler arası sonuçları değerlendirmek amacıyla Regresyon analizleri, alt gruplar arası sonuçları değerlendirmek amacıyla da Bağımsız Örneklem t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Araştırmaya katılan annelerin KİÖ Eş ile İlişki, KİÖ Doyum Odaklılık puanları çocuklarının ÇDSÖ Saldırganlık boyutunun; annelerin KİÖ Eş ile İlişki ve KİÖ Katı-Kuralcı İlişki boyutları çocukların hem ÇDSÖ Sosyal Uyum boyutunun; annelerin KİÖ Eş ile İlişki boyutu ÇDSÖ Nesnel Gerçekliğe Uyumsuzluk boyutunun; çocuk yaşı, annelerin KİÖ Eş ile İlişki ve KİÖ Kayıp- Ayrılığa Hassasiyet boyutları, ÇDSÖ Arkaik Endişe boyutunun; KİÖ Doyum Odaklılık, KİÖ Kayıp-Ayrılığa Hassasiyet ve Cinsiyet değişkenleri birlikte çocukların ÇDSÖ Dürtüsellik ve Hiperaktivite boyutunun; KİÖ Eş ile İlişki ve Anne yaşı değişkenleri birlikte ÇDSÖ Bilişsel Süreçlerde Bozulma boyutunun; annelerin KİÖ Doyum Odaklılık ve Eş ile İlişki değişkenleri birlikte çocuğun ÇDSÖ Somatizasyon boyutunun ve annelerin KİÖ Doyum Odaklılık, Eş ile İlişki, Kayıp-Ayrılığa Hassasiyet ile Kapsanamayan İlişki değişkenleri birlikte çocuğun ÇDSÖ Kayıp – Ayrılık Endişesi boyutunun yordayıcısıdır. Kendilerini panik ya da kaygılı tanımlayan annelerin Ayrılığa Hassasiyet ile çocuklarının Saldırganlık, Arkaik Endişe ve Kayıp-Ayrılık Endişesi diğerlerine göre daha yüksektir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre annelerin kapsayıcı işlevlerindeki bozulmalar çocuklarındaki psikopatolojik semptomlarla ilişkilidir. Bu ilişkilerin farklı yaş ve gruplarla ortaya konulmasına ve bu bağlamda ebeveynlere çocuklarına karşı gösterecekleri tutumlarla ilgili farkındalık kazandırılmasına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Problems in studying of Akkadian expression ubānum ištēt ‘one finger’
Authors: Alexandrov Boris E.
Published: October 2021

The Akkadian expression ubānum ištēt ‘one finger’ is found in the Old Babylonian letters of the 18th century BCE, where it is used as an allegoric description of a close alliance between rulers. In the Assyriological literature, there are two possible explanations of the origin of this expression. According to the first one, the allegory of ‘one finger’ was based on a symbolic gesture performed by the kings while concluding a treaty. This gesture consisted of joining or locking thumbs or index fingers. The second explanation suggested that the expression ‘one finger’ referred to a phenomenon of syndactyly, i.e. an inborn defect of fusing of two or more fingers. The imagination of ancient Mesopotamians could turn such fused fingers into the symbol of alliance. W. L. Moran, whom these explanations belong to, considered the first one to be the clearest. Other scholars also accepted this explanation. Thus, in 2019 D. Charpin compared the Akkadian expression with a scene of concluding alliance between two Asian rulers of the 1st century AD, as described in the “Annals” of Tacitus. According to the Roman historian, the ceremony included binding the right thumbs of the two rulers. However, no direct proofs from written or iconographic sources from the 2nd millennium BCE were found, which support any of these explanations. The present article suggests considering as an iconographic proof of the first explanation the Ugarit stele, RS 7.116. This stele dates back to the 14th century BCE and likely preserves an iconographic source for concluding an alliance. The two rulers are standing in front of each other with a high table placed between them. On this table are sitting two tablets representing a treaty between the two parties. The rulers lean the elbows of one of their hands against the tablets and join (or are about to join) the fingers of those hands at the height of their heads. If this is so, and the Old Babylonian and Ugarit sources refer to the same gesture, the stele from Ugarit provides a sufficient ground for speculations about continuity of symbolic and legal practices in Syria and Mesopotamia in the 2nd millennium BCE.
Petitions of the Iranian kupchina (Merchant) Bijan-bek to Tsar Mikhail Fiodorovich (1613–1645) from the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts
Authors: Kostikov Sergey E.
Published: October 2021

This is a publication of six petitions written in Persian by kupchina (trade representative of the Safavid shahs) Bijan-bek during his mission to the Tsardom of Muscovy in 1641–1643 and addressed to Tsar Mikhail Fiodorovich. The originals are preserved in the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts (Collection 77 “Russia’s relations with Persia”). The publication is accompanied by a translation into Russian and supplied with an introduction and commentary. The latter sheds some light upon the origins and development of the diplomatic and trade relations between Russia and Iran during the Safavid period and also outlines the goals and objectives of kupchinas in general and Bijan-bek in particular. It also contains valuable data regarding the vocabulary and grammar of these kinds of documents.
“Historical Jesus” as a Scholarly Problem
Authors: Desnitsky Andrey S.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a brief introduction into the modern research area concerning “the quest for historical Jesus” from the scholarly point of view. In the focus is the original Russian literature in its global context. Since Jesus from Nazareth is the key figure for the most widespread religion in the world, i.e. Christianity, the works devoted to him usually step out of the mere scholarly paradigm even if they used scholarly methods, seeking to approve or to disapprove the religious tradition. Recently, however, a lot has been done to describe Jesus as belonging to his own Jewish tradition and, on the other hand, to investigate the development of Jesus narratives in the emerging Christian tradition. Such kind of studies meet the scholar requirements and look promising.
Zhang Dongsun`s epistemological theory
Authors: Rubets Maria Vladimirovna
Published: October 2021

The article is a study on Zhang Dongsun’s “theory of epistemological pluralism” based on his book called “The Theory of Knowledge” (认识论). Zhang Dongsun was one of the first Chinese philosophers of the 20th century to create a holistic epistemological theory, and also one of the first intercultural philosophers. In the Russian scholarly literature, Zhang Dongsun’s “theory of epistemological pluralism” is under-researched. The article aims to give a detailed account of the epistemological theory of Zhang Dongsun as comes from his book “The Theory of Knowledge”. The article, which uses comparative and systematic approaches is also supported by a significant number of specialist works written both by Russian and foreign scholars. The author outlines the Zhang Dongsun theory regarding epistemological pluralism and his views on cosmology and the evolution theory. Equally, she presents the Zhang Dongsun views on the impact of culture on the phenomenon of knowledge. The author also considers the Western philosophical categories, which could have influenced the formation of Zhang Dongsun’s theory of epistemological pluralism.
Motif of paper garment in Ghalib’s and his predecessors’ verses
Authors: Prigarina Natalia I. , Vasilyeva Ludmila A.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with matla‘ (first she‘r – two-line couplet – in a ghazal) of the first ghazal in the Divan by Mirza Asadulla-khan Ghalib (1792–1869) written in Urdu. One of the items usually commented there is the garment made of paper (kāġhażī peirahan). It used to be worn in ancient times by the complainers who appealed to the ruler. The range of complaints in the poetry of Ghalib as well as by other Urdu and Persian poets was wide, however, stable. “Wearing paper clothes”, the petitioner complained about the Almighty, the ill fate, a cruel girl, a lack of understanding of the petitioner’s poetry and the poor remuneration, and finally, about the poet himself, who “dressed” his poems in the paper. Тhese diverse situations form the elements of the literary motif as well as its context and are common in the Persian verses by the predecessors of Ghalib and also himself. Its analysis helps to understand all levels of meaning inherent in one of the most difficult-to-interpret texts by Ghalib.