bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Insights of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Ahn Dong-Won
Published: July 2020

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are immune-mediated chronic liver diseases. PSC is a rare disorder characterized by multi-focal bile duct strictures and progressive liver diseases, in which liver transplantation is required ultimately in most patients. Imaging studies such as magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography have important role in diagnosis in most cases of PSC. PSC is usually accompanied by inflammatory bowel disease and there is a high risk of cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer in PSC. No medical therapies have been proven to delay progression of PSC. Endoscopic intervention for tissue diagnosis or biliary drainage is frequently required in cases of PSC with dominant stricture, acute cholangitis, or clinically suspected cholangiocarcinoma. PBC is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune cholestatic liver disease, which when untreated will culminate in endstage biliary cirrhosis requiring liver transplantation. Diagnosis is usually based on the presence of serum liver tests indicative of a cholestatic hepatitis in association with circulating antimitochondrial antibodies. Patient presentation and course can be diverse in PBC and risk stratification is important to ensure all patients receive a personalised approach to their care. Medical therapy using ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) or obeticholic acid (OCA) has an important role to reduce the progression to end-stage liver disease in PBC.
Local Endoscopic Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Hwang Jun Seong , Ko Sung Woo , So Hoonsub , Song Tae Jun
Published: July 2020

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the cancers with the poorest prognosis, and its incidence has gradually increased to become the 9th most common cancer in Korea in 2016. Surgical resection is the only treatment option to improve the cure and longterm survival rate. Unfortunately, only 10% to 20% of all pancreatic cancer patients present with resectable disease, because of common symptoms are rarely noticeable in its early stages and disease progress very quickly. Unresectable pancreatic cancer can be divided into locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and metastatic disease. Pancreatic cancer with distant metastasis accounts for about 40–60% of the total pancreatic cancer and systemic chemotherapy is considered as standard treatment. LAPC is observed in 30–40%, defined as the tumor surrounding major blood vessels (especially, celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery) more than 180° without distant metastasis which cannot be completely removed by surgery. Standard treatment for LAPC has not yet been established, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy have mainly been used, but in most cases, response to these therapeutic options has been limited. As imaging techniques, endoscopic devices and procedures have recently been developed and the role of local endoscopic therapies for LAPC has expanded. This article provides an overview of local endoscopic treatment for LAPC such as injection therapy, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), irreversible electroporation (IRE), radiotherapy and drug-delivery stent insertion.
Case Report: A rare case of Sinding Larsen-Johansson Syndrome in adult
Authors: AZIZ MOHAMAD AZWAN
Published: July 2020

Sinding Larsen-Johansson syndrome is an osteochondrosis injury of patella commonly seen in adolescence age group between 10 to 14 years old. This is an interesting case of Sinding Larsen-Johansson syndrome reported in 33 years old football athlete. This is 33 years old football athlete who is active in participating many football tournaments for 18 years presented with anterior knee pain for 1 month subsequently had traumatic sports injury in one of the football matches. He was diagnosed with complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture, with medial and lateral meniscus injury. MRI confirmed the diagnosis with additional finding of chronic Sinding Larsen-Johansson syndrome. He was rested from football match, and had an intensive physiotherapy focusing on eccentric muscle strengthening exercise. The symptom of anterior knee pain was improved with improvement of the instability. This article discussed in detail on Sinding Larsen-Johansson Syndrome.
Eliciting Social Cultural Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria.
Authors: Nafisa Loveth Agbonlahor , Florence Isoken Osagiede
Published: July 2020

The thrust of this paper was to elicit socio-cultural predictors of risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria .Socio-cultural parameters were seen to be those factors in the social environment that influences behaviour. The socio-cultural theory believes that people learn through interactions within the socio-cultural environment and such interaction includes; home (parental influence, social economical status of family), peers and culture (religious practices, age norms, and gender issues). This paper further examines these factors and how they predict risky sexual behaviour such as early marriage ,non utilization of contraception, early sex initiation, induced abortions, having multiple sex partners, sex under the influence of alcohol, and indulging in sex for financial and material gains, among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria.  It was therefore concluded that socio-cultural environment is a strong predictor of adolescent and young adult sexual risk behavior in Nigeria. Thus it was recommended that social cultural environment should be shaped for optimum reproductive health behaviour among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria.
A rare simultaneous manifestation of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II
Authors: Dick Michael , Croxson Michael
Published: July 2020

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II is a rare condition defined by the presence of autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency along with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type-I diabetes. Onset of these conditions will usually be separated by several years, though in rare instances it can occur simultaneously. This syndrome can also be associated with various non-endocrine autoimmune diseases, such as vitiligo and alopecia. Coeliac disease is less commonly associated with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II and is more commonly associated with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III. Here we describe an interesting case of a young male presenting with simultaneous manifestation of Addison’s disease and Graves, with coincident asymptomatic coeliac disease, as a rare manifestation of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II.

Learning points:

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II is rare, has female predominance, and peak onset in the third and fourth decades of life.

Onset of Addison’s disease will usually precede or follow onset of type-I diabetes or autoimmune thyroid disease by several years in this syndrome.

Simultaneous onset can occur, as in this case.

Coeliac disease is uncommonly associated with this syndrome.

Coeliac disease is more commonly associated with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III.

Coeliac disease should be screened for in patients with associated autoimmune conditions, such as type-I diabetes or autoimmune thyroid disease.
IMAGODRAMA: uso de bonecos e objetos-auxiliares em psicodrama individual e on-line
Authors: Guimarães Leonidia Alfredo
Published: July 2020

Este artigo aborda aspectos referentes à utilização de objetos-auxiliares e mediadores em psicodrama individual e on-line a partir das suas funções terapêuticas, e associados à técnica de construção de imagens psicodramáticas com bonecos. Retoma o enquadre clássico da metodologia psicodramática com o objetivo de adequar os instrumentos fundamentais do psicodrama ao atendimento on-line e, em seguida, abrir a discussão teórica sobre as nomenclaturas surgidas no Brasil, decorrentes de diferentes enquadres em psicodrama individual. Conclui sua escrita com as definições dos conceitos de objetos-auxiliares, mediadores e criativos, ilustrando com três sessões on-line sobre o uso de bonecos e objetos-auxiliares em psicodrama clínico, definindo sua prática clínica, seja presencial ou on-line, como Imagodrama.
Ansiedade no contexto universitário: uma experiência de jogo dramático
Authors: Almansa Joice Franciele Friedrich , Cardoso Alexandra Sombrio , Castro Amanda
Published: July 2020

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa realizada com nove estudantes universitários cujo objetivo era treinar a tomada de papéis. A pesquisa consistiu em quatro encontros grupais, com noventa minutos de duração, e com a aplicação de jogos dramáticos com o propósito de amenizar a ansiedade. Aqui, discutimos os resultados dos dados obtidos no primeiro encontro, no qual foi possível perceber um elevado índice de ansiedade, além de alguns bloqueios no role taking e no role creating. Esses achados foram desenvolvidos nos encontros seguintes e, ao final, foi possível perceber a diminuição da ansiedade e um aumento da espontaneidade no grupo.
Genetic Basis of Natural Variation in Spontaneous Grooming inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Yanagawa Aya , Huang Wen , Yamamoto Akihiko , Wada-Katsumata Ayako , Schal Coby , Mackay Trudy F C
Published: July 2020

Spontaneous grooming behavior is a component of insect fitness. We quantified spontaneous grooming behavior in 201 sequenced lines of the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel and observed significant genetic variation in spontaneous grooming, with broad-sense heritabilities of 0.25 and 0.24 in females and males, respectively. Although grooming behavior is highly correlated between males and females, we observed significant sex by genotype interactions, indicating that the genetic basis of spontaneous grooming is partially distinct in the two sexes. We performed genome-wide association analyses of grooming behavior, and mapped 107 molecular polymorphisms associated with spontaneous grooming behavior, of which 73 were in or near 70 genes and 34 were over 1 kilobase from the nearest gene. The candidate genes were associated with a wide variety of gene ontology terms, and several of the candidate genes were significantly enriched in a genetic interaction network. We performed functional assessments of 29 candidate genes using RNA interference, and found that 11 affected spontaneous grooming behavior. The genes associated with natural variation in Drosophila grooming are involved with glutamate metabolism (Gdh) and transport (Eaat); interact genetically with (CCKLR-17D1) or are in the same gene family as (PGRP-LA) genes previously implicated in grooming behavior; are involved in the development of the nervous system and other tissues; or regulate the Notch and Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways. Several DGRP lines exhibited extreme grooming behavior. Excessive grooming behavior can serve as a model for repetitive behaviors diagnostic of several human neuropsychiatric diseases.
The Complete Genome Sequence of the Staphylococcus Bacteriophage Metroid
Authors: Crane Adele , Abaidoo Joy , Beltran Gabriella , Fry Danielle , Furey Colleen , Green Noe , Johal Ravneet , La Rosa Bruno , Jimenez Catalina Lopez , Luong Linh , Maag Garett , Porche Jade , Reyes Lauren , Robinson Aspen , Sabbara Samantha , Herrera Lucia Soto , Negrete Angelica Urquidez , Wilson Pauline , Geiler-Samerotte Kerry , Pfeifer Susanne P
Published: July 2020

Phages infecting bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus play an important role in their host’s ecology and evolution. On one hand, horizontal gene transfer from phage can encourage the rapid adaptation of pathogenic Staphylococcus enabling them to escape host immunity or access novel environments. On the other hand, lytic phages are promising agents for the treatment of bacterial infections, especially those resistant to antibiotics. As part of an ongoing effort to gain novel insights into bacteriophage diversity, we characterized the complete genome of the Staphylococcus bacteriophage Metroid, a cluster C phage with a genome size of 151kb, encompassing 254 predicted protein-coding genes as well as 4 tRNAs. A comparative genomic analysis highlights strong similarities – including a conservation of the lysis cassette – with other Staphylococcus cluster C bacteriophages, several of which were previously characterized for therapeutic applications.
SIR2Expression Noise Can Generate Heterogeneity in Viability but Does Not Affect Cell-to-Cell Epigenetic Silencing of SubtelomericURA3in Yeast
Authors: Liu Jian , Mosser Laureline , Botanch Catherine , François Jean-Marie , Capp Jean-Pascal
Published: July 2020

Chromatin structure clearly modulates gene expression noise, but the reverse influence has never been investigated, namely how the cell-to-cell expression heterogeneity of chromatin modifiers may generate variable rates of epigenetic modification. Sir2 is a well-characterized histone deacetylase of the Sirtuin family. It strongly influences chromatin silencing, especially at telomeres, subtelomeres and rDNA. This ability to influence epigenetic landscapes makes it a good model to study the largely unexplored interplay between gene expression noise and other epigenetic processes leading to phenotypic diversification. Here, we addressed this question by investigating whether noise in the expression of SIR2 was associated with cell-to-cell heterogeneity in the frequency of epigenetic silencing at subtelomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using cell sorting to isolate subpopulations with various expression levels, we found that heterogeneity in the cellular concentration of Sir2 does not lead to heterogeneity in the epigenetic silencing of subtelomeric URA3 between these subpopulations. We also noticed that SIR2 expression noise can generate cell-to-cell variability in viability, with lower levels being associated with better viability. This work shows that SIR2 expression fluctuations are not sufficient to generate cell-to-cell heterogeneity in the epigenetic silencing of URA3 at subtelomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae but can strongly affect cellular viability.
Controversy About Withdrawal of Postresuscitation Care After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Gardner Kelly J. , Murphy Sarah , Paris John J. , Lantos John D. , Cummings Brian M.
Published: July 2020

With increasing focus in the last decade on post–cardiac arrest care in pediatrics, return of spontaneous circulation, survival rates, and neurologic outcome have improved. As part of this postarrest care, both the American Heart Association and the American Academy of Neurology state it is reasonable to consider targeted temperature management in pediatric comatose patients, although this care is challenging and time sensitive, with many gaps in knowledge remaining. Many pediatric patients will still not survive or will suffer severe neurocognitive impairment despite the therapeutic arsenal provided. Adult guidelines suggest providing postarrest supportive care and limiting prognosis discussions with families until after 72 hours of therapy, but pediatric clinicians are advised to consider a multitude of factors given the lack of data. What, then, should clinicians do if family members of a patient who has been resuscitated request the withdrawal of all life support in the 24 hours immediately postarrest? In this Ethics Rounds, we present such a case and the responses of different clinicians and bioethicists.
Characteristics of Acute Nystagmus in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Garone Giacomo , Suppiej Agnese , Vanacore Nicola , La Penna Francesco , Parisi Pasquale , Calistri Lucia , Palmieri Antonella , Verrotti Alberto , Poletto Elisa , Rossetti Annalisa , Cordelli Duccio Maria , Velardita Mario , d’Alonzo Renato , De Liso Paola , Gioè Daniela , Marin Marta , Zagaroli Luca , Grosso Salvatore , Bonfatti Rocco , Mencaroni Elisabetta , Masi Stefano , Bellelli Elena , Da Dalt Liviana , Raucci Umberto
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Acute nystagmus (AN) is an uncommon neurologic sign in children presenting to pediatric emergency departments. We described the epidemiology, clinical features, and underlying causes of AN in a large cohort of children, aiming at identifying features associated with higher risk of severe underlying urgent conditions (UCs).

METHODS:

Clinical records of all patients aged 0 to 18 years presenting for AN to the pediatric emergency departments of 9 Italian hospitals in an 8-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and demographic features and the underlying causes were analyzed. A logistic regression model was applied to detect predictive variables associated with a higher risk of UCs.

RESULTS:

A total of 206 patients with AN were included (male-to-female ratio: 1.01; mean age: 8 years 11 months). The most frequently associated symptoms were headache (43.2%) and vertigo (42.2%). Ataxia (17.5%) and strabismus (13.1%) were the most common neurologic signs. Migraine (25.7%) and vestibular disorders (14.1%) were the most common causes of AN. Idiopathic infantile nystagmus was the most common cause in infants <1 year of age. UCs accounted for 18.9% of all cases, mostly represented by brain tumors (8.3%). Accordant with the logistic model, cranial nerve deficits, ataxia, or strabismus were strongly associated with an underlying UC. Presence of vertigo or attribution of a nonurgent triage code was associated with a reduced risk of UCs.

CONCLUSIONS:

AN should be considered an alarming finding in children given the risk of severe UCs. Cranial nerve palsy, ataxia, and strabismus should be considered red flags during the assessment of a child with AN.
Educação a Distância e Universidade Aberta do Brasil: reflexões e possibilidades para o futuro pós-pandemia
Authors: Costa Marcos Rogério Martins , Sousa Jonilto Costa
Published: July 2020

Em virtude da pandemia de COVID-19, causada pelo novo vírus SARS-CoV-2, o tema da educação a distância ganhou notoriedade, uma vez que o ensino formal no Brasil e no Mundo teve que se adaptar a modalidade não presencial. Desse modo, este ensaio objetiva apresentar a modalidade de Educação a Distância (EaD) a partir da Universidade Aberta do Brasil-UAB, discutindo, em específico, a sua história, o financiamento e os profissionais envolvidos. Como metodologia, parte-se de um estudo exploratório, retomando bases históricas e teóricas acerca do tema. A fundamentação teórica se assenta, de um lado, nos estudos de especialistas da área da Educação e das Tecnologias Digitais de Comunicação e Informação-TDCI e, de outro, na legislação brasileira desenvolvida a respeito dessa temática. Como resultado parcial, depreende-se que o Programa UAB impactou positivamente a Educação brasileira, sobretudo o oferecimento de cursos do Ensino Superior a distância, só que não é uma estrutura que pode ser "copiada" para outras etapas e modalidades da Educação brasileira sem adaptações e novas contribuições no modelo de aprendizagem.
Identificação de parâmetros na modelagem dinâmica da COVID-19
Authors: Gomes Sebastião Cícero Pinheiro , Monteiro Igor Oliveira , Rocha Carlos Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo aborda a identificação paramétrica em um modelo dinâmico da epidemia por COVID-19, localizada em uma determinada cidade ou região. O modelo dinâmico utilizado é uma adaptação do SIR (Suscetíveis, Infectados, Recuperados), que recebeu o nome MdSIR, adaptação esta específica para reproduzir dinamicamente a COVID-19. Foram identificados três parâmetros que variam ao longo do tempo: o índice de reprodução basal; a taxa de quarentena de infectados; o percentual de circulação. Utilizou-se o método de Nelder-Mead Simplex na identificação paramétrica. O procedimento de identificação paramétrica foi utilizado considerando-se os dados reais de diversas cidades brasileiras. Simulações realizadas para essas cidades mostraram que o modelo cujos parâmetros variam ao longo do tempo reproduziu muito bem os dados reais.
Distanciamento social e o achatamento das curvas de mortalidade por COVID-19: uma comparação entre o Brasil e epicentros da pandemia
Authors: Schwartz Fabiano Peruzzo
Published: July 2020

O presente ensaio discute o possível efeito da adoção do distanciamento social nas curvas de mortalidade por COVID-19 e os respectivos impactos nos sistemas de saúde em quatro países: Itália, Espanha e Estados Unidos, já declarados epicentros da pandemia, e Brasil, apontado como o possível novo epicentro mundial. Foram levantadas informações referentes a indicadores de mobilidade, políticas de distanciamento social, número de mortes e quantitativo de recursos hospitalares. Os resultados mostraram o achatamento das curvas de mortalidade para Estados Unidos e Brasil, onde foi observada já nos estágios iniciais da pandemia a redução significativa da mobilidade, decorrente principalmente das medidas de distanciamento. Contudo, no caso brasileiro, tendência de ascensão da curva de mortalidade indica que o distanciamento social não foi suficiente para reverter o processo de multiplicação da doença, o que requer atenção das autoridades.
Survey of medium-sized and large mammals of Piedras Blancas National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Beal Maxwell R. W. , Matzinger Parker J. , Saborío-R. Guido , Noguera Bristan Jonathan , Olson Erik R.
Published: July 2020

Piedras Blancas National Park, in southern Costa Rica, is an important component of two biological corridors connecting the Osa Peninsula (Corcovado National Park) and La Amistad International Park. Understanding the mammal community composition of Piedras Blancas will provide baseline data to evaluate the success of conservation efforts. We used camera traps and opportunistic observations to describe the medium-sized and large mammals of the park. We deployed camera traps for 1,440 trap nights (2016-2018). We detected 19 mammal species from seven orders and 13 families. Five species are globally threatened: Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821), Saimiri oerstedii (Linnaeus, 1758), Ateles geoffroyi (Kuhl, 1820), Alouatta palliata (Gray, 1849), and Tapirus bairdii (Gill, 1865). We did not detect two locally threatened species, Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tayassu pecari (Link, 1795). Our research highlights a need for critical conservation work within the proposed biological corridor to support Costa Rica’s most threatened wildlife.
Two Questions to Foster Critical Thinking in the Field of Psychology
Authors: Holtz Peter
Published: July 2020

There are many factors that contribute to the present crisis of confidence in psychology, among them epistemological causes: Under pressure to ‘publish or perish’ and to ‘get visible or vanish’ in order to survive in an increasingly globalized academic job market, psychologists may often be too eager to find their hypotheses confirmed by empirical data. They may also not pay enough attention to alternative theories and consequently often miss opportunities to learn from their failures to obtain the expected results in their studies. In this paper, I propose to start asking two questions physicist John Platt had proposed in 1964 on a regular basis in the field of psychology as a means of fostering critical thinking or to encourage a critical approach to the growth of scientific knowledge: Are there reasons to expect a different outcome, and what consequence is it going to have if the study does not yield the expected results? I explore what potential these two questions have for ensuring epistemological progress by asking them with respect to social-priming research, which is one of the research programmes that have recently been criticized in the course of the ‘reproducibility debate’.
EXPRESS MODEL FOR WATER TREATMENT PROCESS CALCULATION
Authors: V. D. Petrenko  , M. I. Netesa  , O. L. Tiutkin  , O. V. Gromova  , V. І. Shynkarenko  , V. А. Kozachyna
Published: July 2020

Purpose. The use of a physical experiment to study mass transfer processes in structures used in water supply and sewage systems requires considerable time and is very expensive. The aim of the work is to develop numerical models for a computational experiment to study the mass transfer process in sand traps. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the mass transfer process in sand traps, the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and the two-dimensional impurity mass transfer equation are used. For numerical integration of equations describing the motion of a viscous incompressible fluid, implicit difference splitting schemes are used. The unknown parameters at each step of the splitting were found by explicit dependencies. For the numerical integration of the two-dimensional mass transfer equation, an alternately triangular difference splitting scheme is used. Findings. To conduct a computational experiment, a specialized code was created on the basis of the constructed numerical model. The results of computational experiments on the study of mass transfer in sand traps with additional elements are presented. It was determined that water purification efficiency changes with installation of additional elements at the bottom of the sand trap. Originality. The constructed numerical models make it possible to quickly analyze and predict the efficiency of sand traps having a complex geometric shape. They also make it possible to take into account the flow hydrodynamics in the treatment plant. Practical value. The proposed numerical models can be used at the design stage of sewage treatment plants.
DETERMINATION OF THE STABILITY OF FREIGHT CARS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE RAILWAY TRACK PARAMETERS
Authors: A. O. Shvets
Published: July 2020

Purpose. For prospective speed increase in the work is aimed to consider the complex conditions of the dynamic interaction of the railway track with rolling stock. The nature and level of this interaction depends both on the design of the unit of rolling stock, its state and speed, and on the design and condition of the track itself. Methodology. Evaluation of the possible rolling stock impact on the track was investigated by the analytical method. The track stress state was determined by calculation using dependencies between force factors and the characteristics of the stress-strain state of the track. When determining the static pressure of the wheel on the rail, the influence of rolling stock skews in the rail track according to the “herringbone” scheme is considered, in which the additional lateral effect of the wheel pairs of the bogies on the track structure is maximal. Findings. When conducting theoretical studies, the dependencies of the lift resistance coefficient by longitudinal forces were obtained taking into account various types of inertia forces on irregularities both on the wheel and on the rail thread. The values of the friction coefficient in the wheel-rail contact on the movement speed were also obtained. Originality. For the first time, the rules for calculating the railway track for strength and determining the dynamic loading of the rail carriage are combined. This improvement will make it possible to calculate the structural speed of the car based on the axial loads, inertia forces due to the wheel and rails` irregularities, and also take into account the longitudinal quasistatic forces arising in the train during braking modes. Practical value. Determination of the car lift resistance coefficient using the above methodology will allow a more thorough consideration and justification of the cause of wheelset derailment. The application of this calculation method will allow us to determine the strength of the railway track and the ballast layer, taking into account the uneven load of rail threads in the case of distortions of the freight rolling stock under the action of compressive quasistatic longitudinal forces.
CIDP Diagnostic Criteria and Response to Treatment
Authors: Roach Charles , Dimachkie Mazen , Statland Jeffrey , Barohn Richard , Jawdat Omar , Dick Arthur , Heim Andrew , Pasnoor Mamatha
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Diagnostic criteria for CIDP have been proven useful for clinical trials. However, use of these criteria in clinics has been limited by time constraints and unknown usefulness in predicting outcomes. Methods: A retrospective chart review of CIDP patients at the University of Kansas seen between 2008 and 2014 was performed. We determined the diagnostic criteria fulfilled by each patient and assessed treatment responses. A positive response was defined by improvement sensory or motor examination as determined by a neuromuscular physician.Results: There were 38 total patients included in the study. The response rate to IVIG in patients who fulfilled EFNS/PNS criteria was 20/22 (90.1%). Among patients who fulfilled AAN criteria, 8/9 (88.9%) responded positively to IVIG. Slightly lower response rates were seen in patients fulfilling INCAT criteria and Saperstein criteria at 10/15 (66.7%) and 12/17 (70.6%), respectively.Discussion: EFNS/PNS and AAN criteria can similarly predict IVIG treatment response.
Obstetric-Gynecological Complications in Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Digala Lakshmi , Haider Zahra , Govindarajan Raghav
Published: July 2020

Background and Objective: The data on the obstetric and gynecological complications in patients diagnosed with neuromuscular diseases is very limited and is primarily obtained from various case reports, series, and small studies.  The objective of our study was to analyze the prevalence of these complications in a large cohort of patients with various neuromuscular diseases.

Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with various neuromuscular diseases at the University of Missouri, Columbia, from 2012 to 2017. We included patients who have at least one year follow up with us. We collected data on patient demographics, neuromuscular disease diagnosed, obstetric complications, and gynecologic complications. Data are reported as means ± SEM, and the results reported using prevalence rates.

Results: Ninety-five female patients were identified. Among them, 97% were Caucasian, and 3% were African-American with a mean age of 47.96 years.  Neuromuscular diseases identified among them are Myasthenia Gravis (44%), Muscular Dystrophy (23%), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-ALS (16%), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-CMT (10%), and Spinal Muscular atrophy- SMA (7%). The majority of the patients reviewed have had no obstetric complications- (89.40%). The most common obstetric complication recorded was C-section (8.40%).  41% of women did not have any gynecological complaints. Urine incontinence (24.20%) is the most common complication.

Conclusion: C-sections and urinary incontinence are common obstetric and gynecological events seen in women with neuromuscular disease.
Sosyoekonomi Dergisinde Yayınlanan Makalelerin Bibliyometrik Analizi: 2005-2019 Dönemi
Authors: POLAT Sedat
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2005-2019 yılları arasında Sosyoekonomi Dergisinde yayınlanmış olan makalelerin bibliyometrik profilini oluşturmaktır. Bu kapsamda belirtilen yıllar arasında dergide yayınlanan 481 makale, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kapsamında incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan temel hususlar; makale analizi, yazar ve kurum analizi, konu analizi ve atıf analizidir. Araştırma sonucunda, makalelerin yayın dili ve kaynakçasında İngilizce’nin yoğun bir şekilde tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Son yıllarda ampirik çalışmaların teorik çalışmalara nazaran daha ağırlıkta olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Atıf sayılarında yıllara göre sürekli bir artışın olduğu; özellikle son yıllarda atıf miktarının önemli düzeylere ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Akademisyenlerin yanı sıra üniversiteler dışında çeşitli kurum ve kuruluşlarda çalışan personellerin de dergiye katkı sundukları görülmüştür. Dergiye katkı veren yazar dağılımının Lotka, Price ve Pareto yasalarına uymadığı saptanmıştır. Derginin etki faktörü ve Acil İndeksi düzenli olarak artmaktadır. Vergi, ekonomik büyüme ve kamu politikaları makalelerde ele alınan temel konulardır.
UH-PAM protocol v1
Authors: Joe Seonggun , Totaro Massimo , Wang Hongbo , Beccai Lucia
Published: July 2020

A protocol outlines the fabrication process of UH-PAM, and will prompt you, ensuring repeatability and reproducibility of our works.
Cognitive and clinic profile of volatile substance users
Authors: Alonso-Matías Lizeth , Reyes-Zamorano Ernesto , González-Olvera Jorge J.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Inhalant use disorder has increased in spite of its adverse medical consequences. Due to the inherent difficulties of working with this population, so far there has been no quantifiable clinical evidence of the cognitive characteristics of inhalants users in early withdrawal and the clinic effect of consumption time. Objective. To evaluate the clinical and cognitive performance of inhalant users and the clinic effects of consumption time. Method. A cross-sectional study in which 28 adult users of inhalants were included, divided in two groups according to their consumption time: less than or greater than seven years. They were all evaluated in terms of clinical and neuropsychological values. Results. Consumers of inhalant showed presence of craving (M = 479.14, SD = 213.51), altered frontal behavior before (M = 119.18, SD = 29.53) and now (M = 130, SD = 33.03), sleeping problems (M = 8.93, SD = 3.4), and cognitive difficulties (inhibitory control, planning, decision-making, working memory, verbal fluency, and cognitive flexibility); all these tasks were statistically significant (p = < .05). Discussion and conclusion. Executive functioning is impaired with inhalant use disorder; these alterations increase with withdrawal and craving and changes remain independent from the use time.
Modelling the solar, geomagnetic and periodic variations of the ionosphere over Ethiopia
Authors:   Bahir Dar University, College of Science, Department of Physics, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Gogie T. K.
Published: July 2020

A careful and continuous ionospheric modelling can significantly influence the performance of activities such as Positioning, Navigation and Timing services related with the Global Navigation Satellite System applications as well as the Earth Observations System, satellite communication and Space weather forecasting applications. In this paper, the linear time-series modelling that consists of the solar, geomagnetic and periodic components has been carried out on the daily ionospheric vTEC at two different Ethiopian GPS locations, at Arbaminch, ARMI (geographic 6.06ºN, 37.56ºE) and Bahir Dar, BDMT (geographic 11.60ºN, 37.38ºE), for the year 2012, 2014 and 2016 in the 24th solar cycle. The variations of vTEC due to the solar activities, geomagnetic activities and periodic oscillations have been explicitly investigated. The results confirmed that the correlation coefficient of the linear model based estimated vTEC and the observed GPS-vTEC is around 80% in the year 2014. Besides, solar activity is identified as the key component for the 27 days period variations of vTEC whereas geomagnetic activity is identified as the key component that influences the short-period variations of the daily average vTEC. In addition to the correlation analysis, the accuracy of the model has been assessed by comparing the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI 2016) model based vTEC and GPS-vTEC measurements as well as with the quadratic model based vTEC. Consequently, the linear model formulated with the solar, geomagnetic and periodic components significantly captured the variations (78-80%) of the observed vTEC compared with both the IRI 2016 and the quadratic models during the years 2012, 2014 and 2016. The comparison of the observed and predicted vTEC variations has also been examined using the continuous wavelet transform. The decomposed waves from the wavelet analysis have revealed that the predicted and observed vTEC have had simultaneous periods of variations specifically with the period of 27 days whereas the IRI 2016 could capture the short-period variations of vTEC. Moreover, the analysis from the transformed data in the year 2014 over both Arbaminch and Bahir Dar has indicated that the linear model based vTEC and the observed GPS-vTEC have had common pattern of variations with the period of 27 days that had lasted for 150 days (from day of the year 100 to 250).
Short time-scale variability in the spectrum of the hot B3V star ηUMa
Authors:   Main Astronomical Observatory of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pokhvala S. M.
Published: July 2020

We report the results of observations of short time-scale variability in the Hydrogen Balmer lines and HeI lines in the hot B star ηUMa. Spectral observations were carried out with the low-resolution slitless spectrograph (R∼200) installed on the 60 cm Carl Zeiss telescope in the Andrushivka Observatory, Ukraine. Spectra were obtained with a time resolution in the sub-second range. It has been found that the hot B star ηUMa shows rapid variations in the Hydrogen lines Hβ, Hγ, Hδ, Hε and the Helium lines HeI 5016Å HeI 5047Å, as well as variations in the atmospheric oxygen lines. This can be interpreted that their variations are non-radial pulsations and strong stellar wind.
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient of Proteic and Energetic Ingredients for Goldfish
Authors: Araujo Daniel de Magalhães , Fernandes Júnior Ademir Calvo , Nakagome Fernando Kojima , Bordinhon André Moreira , Barros Margarida Maria , Pezzato Luiz Edivaldo
Published: July 2020

Kinguios são uma das mais importantes espécies de peixes ornamentais criadas mundialmente, entretanto, são insuficientes os estudos com digestibilidade de ingredientes para a espécie. O objetivo com este estudo foi determinar os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparentes (CDAs) da matéria seca, proteína bruta e energia bruta de ingredientes energéticos (quirera de arroz, farinha de milho e farelo de trigo) e proteicos (farelo de soja, farinha de peixe, farinha de vísceras de aves) para kinguios (Carassius auratus). O óxido de cromo III foi usado como marcador inerte. Os CDAs da matéria seca e energia dos ingredients energéticos foram, em ordem decrescente: quirera de arroz (97,19 e 94,55%), farinha de milho (76,61 e 77,65%) e farelo de trigo (45.43 e 48.83%); enquanto nos ingredientes proteicos foram: farelo de soja (72,14 e 73,54%), farinha de vísceras de aves (61,77 e 69,50%) e farinha de peixe (47,48 e 60,65%). CDAs da proteína foram mais altos para o farelo de soja (96,11%) e de milho (90,77%), enquanto os menores valores foram observados para a farinha de peixe (75,53%) e farelo de trigo (73,06%). Em geral, os nutrientes da quirera de arroz e do farelo de soja foram aproveitados mais eficientemente pelos peixes. Ainda que todos os ingredientes estudados sejam passíveis de uso em dietas de kinguios, o farelo de trigo deve ser utilizado com precaução, em decorrência da baixa digestibilidade.
Palavras-chave: Carassius auratus. Farinha de Peixe. Farinha de Vísceras de Aves. Milho. Quirera de Arroz.
 
Abstract
Kinguios are one of the most important ornamental fish, however the studies about ingredients digestibility for this species are insufficient. The objective of this study was to determine apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, gross energy and crude protein of energetic (broken rice, corn meal, and wheat bran) and proteic (soybean meal, fishmeal and poultry by-product meal) feedstuffs for goldfish (Carassius auratus). Chromium oxide III was used as an external marker. The digestibility values of dry matter and energy, in decreasing order, were higher for broken rice (97.19 and 94.55%), corn meal (76.61 and 77.65%) and wheat bran (45.43 and 48.83%) in energetic ingredients; and soybean meal (72.14 and 73.54%), poultry by-product meal (61.77 and 69.50%) and fish meal (47.48 and 60.65%) in proteic ingredients. Protein digestibility values were higher for soybean meal (96.11%) and corn meal (90.77%) and the lowest values were observed for fishmeal (75.53%) and wheat bran (73.06%). In general, broken rice and soybean meal nutrients were more efficiently used by fish. Although all the studied ingredients are suitable for use in diets for goldfish, wheat bran should be used with caution because of its low digestibility.
Keywords: Carassius auratus. Corn, Broken Rice. Fishmeal. Poultry Meal.
A Prática da Integralidade no Cuidado Farmacêutico na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Barros Neto Sebastião Gonçalves de , Borges Luiz Henrique
Published: July 2020

A prática farmacêutica tem se transformado no Brasil e, em virtude das políticas públicas de saúde do país, vindica aprimoramentos para assegurar a integralidade das ações. A pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar os discursos dos profissionais farmacêuticos sobre a prática clínico-farmacêutica nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória (PMV) consoante o princípio da integralidade. Para tanto, foram entrevistados individualmente doze participantes. A análise dos dados textuais, realizada de modo conjugado por meio do software Alceste e de procedimento de análise de conteúdo, originou quatro classes, agrupando os discursos sobre suas ações mediante o uso irracional de medicamentos, a inserção e a prática clínico-farmacêutica no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF), o recepcionamento e o direcionamento legal das atribuições clínicas na esfera municipal e, por fim, os obstáculos a serem superados para a integralidade no Cuidado Farmacêutico. Os resultados demonstram que não há uma uniformidade quanto às ações clínicas farmacêuticas. A integração de suas ações com a equipe do NASF, embora demande novas competências, oportuniza a sistematização do Cuidado Farmacêutico e a operacionalização do princípio da integralidade. Portanto, para sua consolidação, são imprescindíveis a qualificação profissional, o direcionamento legal e o desmantelamento das limitações estruturais.

Palavras-chave: Cuidado Farmacêutico. Integralidade. Atenção Básica. Políticas de Saúde.

 

Abstract

Pharmaceutical practice has been changing in Brazil and, due to the public health policies in the country, demands improvement to assure the actions integrality. The objective of this research is to analyze the discourses of pharmacy professionals about the pharmaceutical clinic practices in the Basic Healthcare Units (UBS) of Vitória city (PMV), according to the principles of integrality. In order to achieve that, twelve participants were interviewed individually. From the analysis, performed in conjunction with software Alceste and content analysis procedure, four classes were categorized, grouping the discourses about their actions regarding the irrational use of medicines, the addition of clinic-pharmaceutical practice in the Nucleus for the Support of Family Health (NASF), the receiving and legal directing of clinic attributions in the municipal area, and, finally, the obstacles to be surpassed for the integrality of Pharmaceutical Care. The results show that there is no uniformity regarding the clinical pharmaceutical actions. The integration of their actions with the staff of NASF, in spite of demanding new competences, creates opportunity for the systematization of Pharmaceutical Care and the operationalization of the principle of integrality. Therefore, for its consolidation, professional qualification, legal directing and dismantlement of structural limitations are imperative.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical Care. Integrality. Basic Care. Health Policies.
Koncepcja społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu w warunkach gospodarki opartej na wiedzy – instytucjonalne wsparcie Rady Europy
Authors: Machowicz Kinga
Published: July 2020

Rada Europy od dawna zajmuje się różnymi aspektami społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu, ale stosunkowo niedawno rozpoczęła udzielać wsparcia tej koncepcji w sposób bardziej systemowy. Tworzenie instrumentów prawnych musi uwzględniać przy tym specyfikę działania Rada Europy jako organizacji regionalnej oraz rosnącą na arenie międzynarodowej rolę aktorów innych niż państwa.
Реформа местного самоуправления в современной Pоссии (на примере Bоронежской области)
Authors: Romanowskiy Aleksandr
Published: July 2020

W artykule przeanalizowano innowacje w  ustawodawstwie dotyczącym organizacji samorządu lokalnego w Rosji, podsumowano pierwsze kroki w ich praktycznym wdrażaniu, przedstawiono różne punkty widzenia dotyczące treści i możliwych konsekwencji tej reformy oraz pokazano specyfikę doświadczenia w organizacji samorządu lokalnego w obwodzie woroneskim.
Race Still Matters
Authors: Constance-Huggins Monique , Davis Ashley , Yang Jessica
Published: July 2020

The attitudes that social work students hold about race and poverty impact the effectiveness of their practice in the field. This study assessed color-blind racial attitudes and attitudes towards poverty of graduating BSW students (n=41) and MSW students (n=128) from three accredited social work programs. Results indicate a correlation between color-blind racial attitudes and attitudes toward poverty for BSW students, but not MSW students. BSW students had fewer color-blind racial attitudes and more favorable attitudes toward poverty than MSW students. Several predictors of their attitudes were found: their educational status, personal experience of poverty, political ideology, and type of diversity course taken. Implications include the need to approach diversity education from an anti-oppression approach.
Effect of Government Grants on Private Giving to East Asian Nonprofits
Authors: Lee Lewis H. , Kim Sung-Ju
Published: July 2020

For effective financial management, social work managers must clearly grasp the relationship between government grants and private contributions, which is frequently characterized as crowding-out effects. Crowding-out effects have been investigated for various types of nonprofits in the U.S., and the results have been mixed. In spite of its popularity in nonprofit research, the theory has not been applied to nonprofits serving minority communities. This is the first pilot crowding-out study looking at East Asian nonprofit organizations, including Chinese, Korean, and Japanese-American nonprofits in the NY and NJ metropolitan area (n = 410). Through a panel analysis, the current study found a significant crowding-in effect for donations to East Asian-American nonprofits (p < .01). The relationship between government grants and private giving was different for each East Asian-American nonprofit organization. Particularly, donors of Chinese and Japanese-American nonprofit organizations donated more money when their charities received more government grants (p < .05). In contrast, we found crowding-out effects for Korean-American nonprofit organizations, but the result was not significant (p > .05). The estimated crowding-in effects of government grants on private giving by each of the East Asian countries were explicated based on each country’s social, political, and cultural background such as the quality of the charity, transparency, and political trust. Social work managers in ethnic nonprofit organizations should establish different strategies to help shape donor giving patterns according to the effect of government grants.
Teaching Practice Skills to Online MSW Students
Authors: Jackson M. Sebrena , Colvin Alex D. , Bullock Angela N. , Li Qingyi
Published: July 2020

As social work considers teaching practice in a fully online environment, more consideration may need to be given to blended or hybrid learning formats for practice course delivery. There is a dearth of literature on the use of skills labs for teaching social work practice courses, particularly using a blended or hybrid model approach. Using Carman’s five key constructs of blended learning (live events, online content, collaboration, assessment, and reference materials), the purpose of this paper is to examine the use of a blended skills lab model for teaching social work practice skills to online MSW students. As the number of online programs continues to expand in social work education, the blended skills lab model will be used as a case study, offering implications for others to consider as they formulate similar models for online MSW students.