bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological contract inducements and expectations conveyed to potential employees on organisations’ websites
Authors: Van Niekerk Jaco , Chrysler-Fox Pharny , Van Wyk Rene
Published: October 2019

Orientation: The employer–employee relationship is becoming increasingly strained, evidenced by the increase in cases referred to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration. These disputes are presumed to be a consequence of breach of the psychological contract of undelivered expectations or obligations. There seems to be a need to improve the management of employer–employee relationships.Research purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to identify inducements and obligations made known by organisations on their websites.Motivation for the study: Clarity of inducements and expectations may provide a foundation to proactively improve the employer–employee relationship.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative content analysis was identified inducements and expectations on the websites of the 2015 Business Times Top 100 organisations. As two of the companies had merged with existing companies, a total of 98 companies were analysed. A codebook on content associated with the psychological contract generated quantitative data from a qualitative analysis.Main findings: Comparisons between different industries (manufacturing, wholesale and financial services) yielded significant differences between organisational policies and career development inducements. Comparisons revealed that organisations with a career section convey more inducements and expectations than organisations without a career section.Practical/managerial implications: Organisations are offered a means to identify inducements and expectations that are publicly conveyed through their websites and inform the psychological contract.Contribution/value-add: The findings contribute to existing theory of the psychological contract. More insight is gained into the expression of inducements and expectations and the potential association with employees’ psychological contract.
Reverse sural flap – A feasible option for oncological defects of the lower extremity, ankle, and foot: Our experience from Northeast India
Authors: Talukdar Abhijit , Yadav Jitin , Purkayastha Joydeep , Pegu Niju , Singh Pritesh R. , Kodali Revanth K. , Kalita Dwipen , Bannoth Srinivas
Published: October 2019

Background: Soft-tissue management around the lower third of the leg and foot presents a challenge to the surgeon. To achieve local control of tumor, additional surgical margins are required, thus creating large soft-tissue defects. The reverse sural artery flap (RSAF) is a popular option for many of these defects. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 26 patients who underwent resection of tumor around the lower leg, ankle, and foot, and reconstruction with RSAF was performed at our institute from 2012 to 2018. Results: Among the 26 studied patients, aged between 22 and 71 (mean age: 50.8) years, 5 were female and rest were male. The most common site of involvement by tumor was heel (42.3%), followed by sole (26.9%). The most common histopathological diagnosis was melanoma (61.5%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (26.9%) and soft-tissue sarcoma (11.5%). Conclusion: The distally based sural flap is a reliable flap for the coverage of soft-tissue defects following oncological defects of the distal lower extremity and foot.
Superoscillating Sequences and Hyperfunctions
Authors: Colombo Fabrizio , Sabadini Irene , Struppa Daniele C. , Yger Alain
Published: October 2019

In this paper we discuss the approximation of hyperfunctions in one variable using sequences of low frequency hyperfunctions. In particular, we show that this superoscillation property holds for compactly supported hyperfunctions. Finally, we show that the approximation is also possible for tempered hyperfunctions.
Asymptotic Orthogonalization of Subalgebras in II$_1$ Factors
Authors: Popa Sorin
Published: October 2019

Let

M

be a II

_1

factor with a von Neumann subalgebra

Q\subset M

that has infinite index under any projection in

Q'\cap M

(e.g., if

Q'\cap M

is diffuse, or if

Q

is an irreducible subfactor with infinite Jones index). We prove that given any separable subalgebra

B

of the ultrapower II

_1

factor

M^\omega

, for a nonprincipal ultrafilter

\omega

on

\mathbb{N}

, there exists a unitary element

u\in M^\omega

such that

uBu^*

is orthogonal to

Q^\omega

.
Grasping the Nettle: Why Pharmacists Must Lead Antibiotic Stewardship Initiatives
Authors: Bond Christine M
Published: October 2019

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Pharmacy Informatics: Where Medication Use and Technology Meet
Authors: Cortes Daniel , Leung Jodie , Ryl Andrea , Lieu Jenny
Published: October 2019

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Should Melatonin Be Used as a Sleeping Aid for Elderly People?
Authors: Papillon-Ferland (Pro) Louise , Mallet (Con) Louise
Published: October 2019

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Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in Sepsis Secondary to Urinary Stones: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Béïque Lizanne , Witherspoon Luke , Zvonar Rosemary , Suh Kathryn N , Squires Janet , Roberts Matthew , Rowe Neal , Watterson James , Nott Caroline
Published: October 2019

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Congratulations to the 2019 Recipients of the Foundation Sabbatical Grant and PLA Scholarship
Authors: Authors Various
Published: October 2019

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Do We Give Too Much Significance to Statistical Significance?
Authors: Bresee Lauren
Published: October 2019

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Accordons-nous trop d’importance à la signification statistique?
Authors: Bresee Lauren
Published: October 2019

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Newer Oral Antihyperglycemics: From Seinfeld to Breaking Bad
Authors: Barry Arden R , Turgeon Ricky D
Published: October 2019

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Discharge Medication Reconciliation for Patients Being Discharged to a First Nations Reserve*
Authors: Swidrovich Jaris
Published: October 2019

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Замечание о распределении значений функций большого числа переменных
Authors: Zorich Vladimir Antonovich
Published: October 2019

Известно, что значения функций, зависящих от большого числа равноправных переменных, практически постоянны с точки зрения наблюдателя, вычисляющего значения функции в случайных точках области определения ("нелинейный закон больших чисел").
Мы показываем, что при определенных нормировочных условиях значения таких функций распределяются нормально.
Флуктуации фронта распространения каталитического ветвящегося блуждания
Authors: Bulinskaya Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: October 2019

Рассматривается надкритическое каталитическое ветвящееся случайное блуждание (КВСБ) с конечным числом катализаторов на многомерной решетке $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d\in\mathbf{N}$. Изучается поведение облака частиц в пространстве и времени. Оценивая скорость распространения популяции частиц для фронта многомерного КВСБ, Булинская [11] расширила сильную предельную теорему Кармоны и Ху [9]. В этой статье мы описываем флуктуации фронта распространения КВСБ по $\mathbb{Z}^d$.
Начальный этап эволюции слабо докритического ветвящегося процесса в случайной среде
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir Alekseevich , Dyakonova Elena Evgen'evna
Published: October 2019

Доказана условная предельная теорема о распределении размера популяции на начальном этапе эволюции слабо докритического ветвящегося процесса в случайной среде при условии его невырождения к далекому моменту времени.
О стимулирующих ценах в стохастической модели фон Неймана-Гейла для финансового рынка
Authors: Zhitlukhin Mikhail Valentinovich
Published: October 2019

В работе рассматривается задача максимизации полезности торговой стратегии в модели финансового рынка на графе. Основной результат состоит в доказательстве теоремы, содержащей достаточные условия существования системы стимулирующих цен для данной модели. Используя этот результат для общей модели, рассматривается также частная модель рынка акций с транзакционными издержками и портфельными ограничениями.
In memoriam: dr. ing. Filimon Carcea (1925-2019), membru al Academiei de Științe Agricole și Silvice
Authors: Drăgoi Marian
Published: October 2019

în curând
Composition and volatility of SOA formed from oxidation of real tree emissions compared to single VOC-systems
Authors: Ylisirniö Arttu , Buchholz Angela , Mohr Claudia , Li Zijun , Barreira Luis , Lambe Andrew , Faiola Celia , Kari Eetu , Yli-Juuti Taina , Nizkorodov Sergey A. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Virtanen Annele , Schobesberger Siegfried
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is an important constituent of the atmosphere where SOA particles are formed chiefly by the condensation or reactive uptake of oxidation products of volatile organic compounds (VOC). The mass yield in SOA particle formation, as well as the chemical composition and volatility of the particles are determined by the identity of the VOC precursor(s) and the oxidation conditions they experience. In this study, we used an oxidation flow reactor to generate biogenic SOA from the oxidation of Scots pine emissions. Mass yields, chemical composition, and volatility of the SOA particles were characterized and compared with SOA particles formed from oxidation of α-pinene and of a mixture of acyclic/monocyclic sesquiterpenes (farnesenes and bisabolenes), which are significant components of the Scots pine emissions. SOA mass yields for Scots pine emissions dominated by farnesenes were lower than for α-pinene, but higher than for the artificial mixture of farnesenes and bisabolenes. The reduction in the SOA yield in the farnesenes and bisabolenes dominated mixtures is due to C=C bond scission in these acyclic/monocyclic sesquiterpenes during ozonolysis leading to smaller and generally more volatile products. SOA particles from the oxidation of Scots pine emission had similar or lower volatility than SOA particles formed from either of single precursor. Applying physical stress to the Scots pine plants increased monoterpene emissions, which further decreased SOA particle volatility and increased SOA mass yield. Our results highlight the need to account for the chemical complexity and structure of real-world biogenic VOC emissions and stress-induced changes to plant emissions when modelling SOA production and properties in the atmosphere. These results emphasize that simple increase or decrease of relative monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions should not be used as indicator of SOA particle volatility.
Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th-order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA
Authors: Ward Adam S. , Zarnetske Jay P. , Baranov Viktor , Blaen Phillip J. , Brekenfeld Nicolai , Chu Rosalie , Derelle Romain , Drummond Jennifer , Fleckenstein Jan H. , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa , Graham Emily , Hannah David , Harman Ciaran J. , Herzog Skuyler , Hixson Jase , Knapp Julia L. A. , Krause Stefan , Kurz Marie J. , Lewandowski Jörg , Li Angang , Martí Eugènia , Miller Melinda , Milner Alexander M. , Neil Kerry , Orsini Luisa , Packman Aaron I. , Plont Stephen , Renteria Lupita , Roche Kevin , Royer Todd , Schmadel Noah M. , Segura Catalina , Stegen James , Toyoda Jason , Hager Jacqueline , Wisnoski Nathan I. , Wondzell Steven M.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics
describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river
corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide,
synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental
Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge
conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water,
hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through
5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design
and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of
river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present
in a river network. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).
Hydrological and Runoff Formation Processes Based on Isotope Tracing During Ablation Period in the Third Polar Region
Authors: Li Zong-Jie , Li Zong-Xing , Song Ling-Ling , Ma Jin-Zhu
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This study focused on the hydrological and runoff formation processes of river water in the source regions of the Yangtze river during different ablation episodes in 2016 and the ablation period from 2016 to 2018. The effects of altitude were greater for the river in the glacier permafrost area than for the mainstream and the permafrost area during the total ablation period in 2016. There was a significant negative correlation (at the 0.01 level) between precipitation and δ18O, while a significant positive correlation was evident between precipitation and d-excess. More interestingly, significant negative correlations appeared between δ18O and temperature, relative humidity, and evaporation. A mixed segmentation model for end-members was used to determine the proportion of the contributions of different water sources to the target water body. The proportions of precipitation, supra-permafrost water, and glacier and snow meltwater for the mainstream were 41.70 %, 40.88 %, and 17.42 %, respectively. The proportions of precipitation, supra-permafrost water, and glacier and snow meltwater were 33.63 %, 42.21 %, and 24.16 % for the river in the glacier permafrost area and 20.79 %, 69.54 %, and 9.67 %, respectively, for that in the permafrost area. The supra-permafrost water was relatively stable during the different ablation periods, becoming the main source of runoff in the alpine region, except for precipitation, during the total ablation period.
River-ice and water velocities using the Planet optical cubesat constellation
Authors: Kääb Andreas , Altena Bas , Mascaro Joseph
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The PlanetScope constellation consists of ∼150 optical cubesats that are evenly distributed like strings of pearls on two orbital planes, scanning the Earth's land surface once per day with an approximate spatial image resolution of 3 m. Subsequent cubesats on each of the orbital planes image the Earth surface with a nominal time lag of approximately 90 s between them, which produces near-simultaneous image pairs over the across-track overlaps of the cubesat swaths. We exploit this short time lag between subsequent Planet cubesat images to track river ice floes on northern rivers as indicators of water surface velocities. The method is demonstrated for a 60 km long reach of the Amur River in Siberia, and a 200 km long reach of the Yukon River in Alaska. The accuracy of the estimated horizontal surface velocities is of the order of ±0.01 m s−1. The application of our approach is complicated by
cloud cover and low sun angles at high latitudes during the periods where
rivers typically carry ice floes, and by the fact that the near-simultaneous swath overlaps, by design, do not cover the complete Earth surface. Still, the approach enables direct remote sensing of river surface velocities for numerous cold-region rivers at a number of locations and occasionally several times per year – which is much more frequent and over much larger areas than currently feasible. We find that freeze-up conditions seem to offer ice floes that are generally more suitable for tracking, and over longer time periods, compared with typical ice break-up conditions. The coverage of river velocities obtained could be particularly useful in combination with satellite measurements of river area, and river surface height and slope.
Simulating preferential soil water flow and tracer transport using the Lagrangian Soil Water and Solute Transport Model
Authors: Sternagel Alexander , Loritz Ralf , Wilcke Wolfgang , Zehe Erwin
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We propose an alternative model concept to represent
rainfall-driven soil water dynamics and especially preferential water flow
and solute transport in the vadose zone. Our LAST-Model (Lagrangian
Soil Water and Solute Transport) is based on a Lagrangian
perspective of the movement of water particles (Zehe and Jackisch, 2016)
carrying a solute mass through the subsurface which is separated into a soil
matrix domain and a preferential flow domain. The preferential flow domain
relies on observable field data like the average number of macropores of a
given diameter, their hydraulic properties and their vertical length
distribution. These data may be derived either from field observations or by
inverse modelling using tracer data. Parameterization of the soil matrix
domain requires soil hydraulic functions which determine the parameters of
the water particle movement and particularly the distribution of flow
velocities in different pore sizes. Infiltration into the matrix and the
macropores depends on their respective moisture state, and subsequently
macropores are gradually filled. Macropores and matrix interact through
diffusive mixing of water and solutes between the two flow domains, which
again depends on their water content and matric potential at the considered
depths. The LAST-Model is evaluated using tracer profiles and macropore data
obtained at four different study sites in the Weiherbach catchment in southern
Germany and additionally compared against simulations using HYDRUS 1-D as
a benchmark model. While both models show qual performance at two matrix-flow-dominated sites, simulations with LAST are in better accordance with
the fingerprints of preferential flow at the two other sites compared to
HYDRUS 1-D. These findings generally corroborate the feasibility of the
model concept and particularly the implemented representation of macropore
flow and macropore–matrix exchange. We thus conclude that the LAST-Model
approach provides a useful and alternative framework for (a) simulating
rainfall-driven soil water and solute dynamics and fingerprints of
preferential flow as well as (b) linking model approaches and field
experiments. We also suggest that the Lagrangian perspective offers
promising opportunities to quantify water ages and to evaluate travel and
residence times of water and solutes by a simple age tagging of particles
entering and leaving the model domain.
Bias correction of gauge-based gridded product to improve extreme precipitation analysis in the Yarlung Tsangpo-Brahmaputra River Basin
Authors: Luo Xian , Fan Xuemei , Li Yungang , Ji Xuan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Critical gaps in the amount, quality, consistency, availability, and spatial distribution of rainfall data limit extreme precipitation analysis, and the application of gridded precipitation data are challenging because of their considerable biases. This study corrected Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE) in the Yarlung Tsangpo-Brahmaputra River Basin (YBRB) using two linear and two nonlinear methods, and assessed their influence on extreme precipitation indices. The results showed that the original APHRODITE data tended to underestimate precipitation during the summer monsoon season, especially in the topographically complex Himalayan belt. Bias correction using complementary rainfall observations to add spatial coverage in data-sparse regions greatly improved the performance of extreme precipitation analysis. Although all methods could correct mean precipitation, their ability to correct the wet-day frequency and coefficient of variation were substantially different, leading to considerable differences in extreme precipitation indices. Generally, higher-skill bias-corrected APHRODITE data are expected to perform better than those corrected by lower-skill approaches. This study would provide reference for using gridded precipitation data in extreme precipitation analysis and selecting bias-corrected method for rainfall products in data-sparse regions.
Seasonal variability of intermediate water masses in the Gulf of Cádiz: implications of the Antarctic and subarctic seesaw
Authors: Roque David , Parras-Berrocal Ivan , Bruno Miguel , Sánchez-Leal Ricardo , Hernández-Molina Francisco Javier
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Global circulation of intermediate water masses has been
extensively studied; however, its regional and local circulation along
continental margins and variability and implications on sea floor
morphologies are still not well known. In this study the intermediate water
mass variability in the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) and adjacent areas has been
analysed and its implications discussed. Remarkable seasonal variations of
the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and the Subarctic Intermediate Water
(SAIW) are determined. During autumn a greater presence of the AAIW seems to
be related to a reduction in the presence of SAIW and Eastern North Atlantic
Central Water (ENACW). This interaction also affects the Mediterranean Water
(MW), which is pushed by the AAIW toward the upper continental slope. In the
rest of the seasons, the SAIW is the predominant water mass reducing the
presence of the AAIW. This seasonal variability for the predominance of
these intermediate water masses is explained in terms of the concatenation
of several wind-driven processes acting during the different seasons. Our
finding is important for a better understanding of regional intermediate
water mass variability with implications in the Atlantic Meridional
Overturning Circulation (AMOC), but further research is needed in order to
decode their changes during the geological past and their role, especially
related to the AAIW, in controlling both the morphology and the
sedimentation along the continental slopes.
Ice shelf rift propagation: stability, three dimensional effects, and the role of marginal weakening
Authors: Lipovsky Bradley Paul
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Understanding the processes that govern ice shelf extent are of fundamental importance to improved estimates of future sea level rise. In present-day Antarctica, ice shelf extent is most commonly determined by the propagation of through-cutting fractures called ice shelf rifts. Here, I present the first three-dimensional analysis of ice shelf rift propagation. I present a linear elastic fracture mechanical (LEFM) description of rift propagation. The model predicts that rifts may be stabilized when buoyant flexure results in contact at the tops of the near-tip rift walls. This stabilizing tendency may be overcome, however, by processes that act in the ice shelf margins. In particular, both marginal weakening and the advection of rifts into an ice tongue are shown to be processes that may trigger rift propagation. Marginal shear stress is shown to be the determining factor that governs these types of rift instability. I furthermore show that rift stability is closely related to the transition from uniaxial to biaxial extension known as the compressive arch. Although the partial contact of rift walls is fundamentally a three-dimensional process, I demonstrate that it may be parameterized within more numerically efficient two-dimensional calculations. This study provides a step towards a description of calving physics that is based in fracture mechanics.
A Lacanian Reading of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Christabel
Authors: Khozooi Fatemeh , Eslamieh Razieh
Published: October 2019

The present paper compares Lacanian Psychoanalytic Orders in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Christabel. Imaginary Order and Symbolic Order are basic notions studied as a path to a better understanding of the poems. In The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, the Ancient Mariner has not entered the realm of the Symbolic Order completely and it can be claimed he still partly lives in the Imaginary Order. Despite the fact that the two poems are different in narrative and character development, some similarities are revealed in the way the main characters pass the Orders and form their final individuality. Both Christabel and the Mariner have connections with Imaginary Order which has hindered their complete transition to the Symbolic Order. However, some events loosen their bonds with this Order and cause their complete transition to the Symbolic Order.
Design, manufacturing and analysis of smart furniture
Authors: Liberski Albert , Garita Robert , Kot Radoslaw
Published: October 2019

In this article, we present a hands-on example to create a commercially relevant product using mainly local resources. Therefore, we wish to inspire young entrepreneurs to use local infrastructure for product development. In Qatar, strong institutional support comes from the angle of administration and intellectual property. However, the assistance needed in solving practical problems seems to be limited at first glance. When it comes to hardcore prototyping, entrepreneurs sometimes rely on personal networking that may be insufficient. In an ongoing project in HBKU CSE (Hamad Bin Khalifa University, College of Science and Engineering), we were challenged with the task of developing a line of garden furniture that could accommodate sensors for monitoring plant vegetation. This article describes our experience with this process. We believe that this work may become an important reference for startupers who are experiencing similar manufacturing challenges, and serves as a didactic piece to familiarize students with the basic structural elements of scientific articles using minimal terminology.
Sirenomelia. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Hawith Bautista Kristell Patricia , Ramos Fabiola
Published: October 2019

La sirenomelia es una enfermedad extremadamente rara y fatal.
Factores de riesgo asociados a epilepsia en escolares en el Hospital Regional del Norte
Authors: Acosta Zepeda Rubén Dario , Velásquez Mario
Published: October 2019

Antecedentes: La prevalencia activa de epilepsia en la edad escolar es de un 17.7% a nivel mundial. Se estima que entre el 80 al 85% de los pacientes afectados residen en países de bajos ingresos, donde hay poca disponibilidad de atención especializada. Objetivo: Definir los factores de riesgo asociado a epilepsia en escolares que acuden a la consulta externa de Neurología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional del Norte IHSS, en el periodo de enero 2018 a junio del 2018. Pacientes y Método Estudio Descriptivo Transversal cuantitativo con diseño no experimental, muestra no probabilística. Se aplicó una encuesta de 26 preguntas a 46 escolares de 6 años a 11 años con 364 días que asistieron a la consulta externa de Neurología Pediátrica del Hospital Regional del Norte. Resultados: El sexo masculino representó 63%, el rango de edad de 6 a 9 años representó el 72%. El antecedente materno de amenaza de aborto se presentó en el 23.9%, el antecedente personal patológico de asfixia perinatal en un 26%. La relación entre amenaza de aborto y asfixia perinatal se presentó en un 10.8%. El 43% de los pacientes presentó el antecedente positivo de epilepsia familiar; el control adecuado de las crisis epilépticas se presentó en un 84.8%. El medicamento Levetiracetam se presentó en el 52% de los casos; el estudio de electroencefalograma se realizó en el 100% de los pacientes. Conclusiones: la identificación de estos factores puede contribuir a un diagnóstico más oportuno y manejo integral del escolar con epilepsia.
Preventing cesareans with peanut ball use
Authors: Outland Lauren , Alvarado Yolanda
Published: October 2019

The Association of Women's Health Obstetrical and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) has launched a Peanut Ball campaign to help curb the high rate of cesarean births in the United States. Cesarean births are especially likely in women who receive epidural anesthesia due to immobility and pelvic laxity. The peanut ball (PB) is a birthing ball that when placed between the mother's legs can increase pelvic dimensions and facilitate fetal descent and birth. For PB to increase vaginal deliveries (VDs), nurses on obstetrical wards need to “buy in” to using this innovation. Having “innovator” nurses on the shift helped disseminate the PB intervention and increased the rate of VDs. Using a retrospective study design that uses data collected for non-research purposes saves time and cost. Our retrospective study examined the difference in VDs with patient controlled epidural anesthesia (PCEA) in the first five months of 2016 prior to PB use compared with the same months in 2017 post intervention. Using a paired t-test we found a significant difference of successful PCEA vaginal births in 2016 compared to 2017 (p = .008). This relatively inexpensive and easy survey can be done by most obstetrical services and help AWHONN in their campaign to decrease the rate of cesarean sections.
Analysis of Media Literacy Levels of Palm Oil Farmers in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Yulida Roza , Rosnita Rosnita , Sayamar Eri , Kusumawaty Yeni , Andriani Yulia
Published: October 2019

Oil palm plantations are a potential commodity of Riau Province and the highest contributor to palm oil production in Indonesia. The development of agricultural science and technology, which is disseminated through various media, is a source of information for farmers. However, the availability of information sources does not guarantee that farmers will benefit from the information. This is influenced by media literacy from these farmers. This research aimed at analyzing the media’s literacy of oil palm farmers. The research was conducted in three districts with potential oil palm at Riau Province. They are Pelalawan District, Rokan Hilir District and Rokan Hulu District. The respondents of oil palm farmers were 185 farmers, which were selected by stratified random sampling. This research applied Likert Summated Rating Scale (LSRS) method. The results of this research are: The literacy level of oil palm farmers is in the medium level (average score of 1.72), while for three aspects which are technical skill and critical understanding are in the medium level and communication skill is basic level. Role of government and related parties are needed to help improve the literacy level of oil palm farmers. This is necessary so that the farmers together with extension workers, will be ready to face the challenge of the development of science and technology in the oil palm industry, by utilizing the development of information and communication technologies such as smartphones.
Pedestrian Bridge Simulation Using Wasted Tire Rubber with Two Boundary Systems
Authors: Jamal Issa Eleyan Issa , Sora Alrosan , Shoroq Sallam , Safaa Hammad
Published: October 2019

The development of pedestrian bridge construction, ranging as it does, from a simple tree trunk, laid a cross a stream, through to today's spectacular three-dimensional support structures. Limited resources, environmental concerns, economic feasibility as well as the cost; are very important factors. These factors in addition to safety, durability and aesthetics should be considered in the design and construction processes for Pedestrian bridges. Therefore, it’s important to look for alternative construction materials that verify most of these factors. Waste rubber tire is a material that can be used to develop new forms of Pedestrian bridges. In this research, a simple experiment was conducted to simulate the real pedestrian bridge using waste rubber tire. The use of waste rubber tire showed positive results as a structural member in carrying loads. Consequently, it can sustain the safe passing of pedestrians. In addition, the use of fixed boundary conditions has reduced the central deflection of the bridge span to about fifty percent.
Terug van weggeweest: een verkenning van verticale prijsbinding in het Europese en Nederlandse mededingingsrecht
Authors: van der Blij J.B. , van der Vijver T.D.O.
Published: October 2019

Terug van weggeweest: een verkenning van verticale prijsbinding in het Europese en Nederlandse mededingingsrecht

Met de publicatie van de ‘Leidraad. Afspraken tussen leveranciers en afnemers’ onderstreept de ACM de nieuw ingeslagen weg met betrekking tot verticale prijsbinding: er zal meer aandacht bestaan voor en strenger worden opgetreden tegen verticale prijsbinding. Deze actievere handhaving staat duidelijk in contrast met het (prioriterings)beleid dat de ACM slechts vier jaar eerder uiteenzette in het Visiedocument over verticale afspraken. De nieuwe koers is mede ingegeven door de vlucht die internetverkoop heeft genomen en zorgt ervoor dat de ACM weer in pas loopt met de Commissie (en de rest van de EU-lidstaten).

ACM, ‘Leidraad. Afspraken tussen leveranciers en afnemers’, 26 februari 2019, www.acm.nl/sites/default/files/documents/leidraad-afspraken-tussen-leveranciers-en-afnemers.pdf
Modernisering van het Europese consumentenrecht: meer vlees op het bot (II)
Authors: Loos M.B.M.
Published: October 2019

Modernisering van het Europese consumentenrecht: meer vlees op het bot (II)

In dit artikel en de in de vorige aflevering van dit tijdschrift opgenomen bijdrage bespreek ik de vraag of de Moderniseringsrichtlijn in haar uiteindelijke vorm de in de New Deal-mededeling gedane belofte waarmaakt van modernisering en verbetering van de handhaving van het consumenten-acquis. In het eerste deel van deze bijdrage heb ik mij daartoe gericht op de individuele en publiekrechtelijke handhaving van het consumentenrecht en op dynamic pricing en informatieverplichtingen voor online marktplaatsen. In dit tweede en laatste deel bespreek ik de vraag met wie de consument nu eigenlijk contracteert als de overeenkomst via een online marktplaats wordt gesloten, behandel ik kort enkele vereenvoudigingen voor handelaren en ga ik in op de herziene regels voor de bedenktijd van consumenten. In de conclusie wordt de vraag of de Moderniseringsrichtlijn de in de New Deal-mededeling gedane belofte waarmaakt, beantwoord.

Voorstel van 11 april 2018 voor een Richtlijn van het Europees Parlement en de Raad tot wijziging van Richtlijn 93/13/EEG van de Raad van 5 april 1993, Richtlijn 98/6/EG van het Europees Parlement en de Raad, Richtlijn 2005/29/EG van het Europees Parlement en de Raad en Richtlijn 2011/83/EU van het Europees Parlement en de Raad wat betreft betere handhaving en modernisering van de regels voor consumentenbescherming in de EU, COM(2018) 185 final;

Tekst politiek akkoord richtlijnvoorstel van 29 maart 2019, Openbaar register van Raadsdocumenten, Interinstitutioneel dossier 2018/0090(COD), nummer document: ST 8021 2019 INIT.
Wightman en het soevereine recht om lid van de EU te blijven
Authors: Cuyvers A.
Published: October 2019

Wightman en het soevereine recht om lid van de EU te blijven

Wightman bevestigt het unilaterale, soevereine recht van een lidstaat om een kennisgeving van uittreding in te trekken. Deze bijdrage bespreekt zowel dit recht op intrekking als de eventuele grenzen aan dit recht, waaronder wellicht misbruik van recht.

HvJ 10 december 2018, zaak C-621/18, Wightman, ECLI:EU:C:2018:999.
Effect of acidified milk feeding on the intake, average daily gain and fecal microbiological diversity of Holsten dairy calves
Authors: Chen Yong , Gao Yan , Yin Shuxin , Zhang Shuai , Wang Lu , Qu Yongli
Published: October 2019

Objective: To evaluate the effect of feeding acidified milk on the growth and fecal microbial diversity of dairy calves.Methods: Twenty healthy 3-day-old female Holstein calves with similar body weights were selected and randomly divided into two groups. One group was fed pasteurized milk (PM, Control), while the other was fed acidified milk (AM) ad libitum until weaned (day 60). The experiment lasted until day 180.Results: There was no difference in the nutritional components between PM and AM. The numbers of Escherichia coli and total bacteria in AM were lower than in PM. At 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 days of age, the milk intake of calves fed AM was higher than that of calves fed PM (p<0.05), and the solid feed intake of calves fed AM was higher than that of calves fed PM at 61 to 90 days (p<0.05). The average daily gain of calves fed AM was also higher than that of calves fed PM at 31 to 60, 61 to 180, and 7 to 180 days (p<0.05). The calves fed AM tended to have a lower diarrhea rate than those fed PM (p = 0.059). Bacteroides had the highest abundance in the feces of calves fed AM on day 50, while Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005 had the highest abundance in the feces of calves fed AM on day 90 and calves fed PM on days 50 and 90. At the taxonomic level, the linear discriminant analysis scores of 27 microorganisms in the feces of calves fed AM and PM on days 50 and 90 were higher than 4.0.Conclusion: Feeding AM increased calf average daily gain and affected fecal bacterial diversity.
Histone deacetylases inhibitor and RAD51 recombinase increase transcription activator-like effector nucleases-mediated homologous recombination on the bovine β-casein gene locus
Authors: Park Da Som , Kim Se Eun , Koo Deog-Bon , Kang Man-Jong
Published: October 2019

Objective: The efficiency of the knock-in process is very important to successful gene editing in domestic animals. Recently, it was reported that transient loosening of the nucleosomal folding of transcriptionally inactive chromatin might have the potential to enhance homologous recombination efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine whether histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitor and RAD51 recombinase (RAD51) expression were associated with increased knock-in efficiency on the β-casein (bCSN2) gene locus in mammary alveolar-large T antigen (MAC-T) cells using the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) system.Methods: MAC-T cells were treated with HDAC inhibitors, valproic acid, trichostatin A, or sodium butyrate for 24 h, then transfected with a knock-in vector, RAD51 expression vector and TALEN to target the bCSN2 gene. After 3 days of transfection, the knock-in efficiency was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing of the target site.Results: The level of HDAC 2 protein in MAC-T cells was decreased by treatment with HDAC inhibitors. The knock-in efficiency in MAC-T cells treated with HDAC inhibitors was higher than in cells not treated with inhibitors. However, the length of the homologous arm of the knock-in vector made no difference in the knock-in efficiency. Furthermore, DNA sequencing confirmed that the precision of the knock-in was more efficient in MAC-T cells treated with sodium butyrate.Conclusion: These results indicate that chromatin modification by HDAC inhibition and RAD51 expression enhanced the homologous recombination efficiency on the bCSN2 gene locus in MAC-T cells.
Manipulation of small parts being assembled on a horizontally vibrating plate
Authors: LIUTKAUSKIENĖ Kristina , KILIKEVIČIUS Sigitas , ČESNAVIČIUS Ramūnas , BAKŠYS Bronius , PAUKŠTAITIS Linas
Published: October 2019

The article proposes a new method of manipulating parts on a horizontal plane, when the plane is excited in two perpendicular directions by a harmonic law with different frequencies and a phase shift.  To determine motion patterns which are most suitable for automatic assembly, a mathematical model of movement of parts on the horizontal plane was developed. The results demonstrated that by changing the excitation parameters and the coefficient of friction between the part and the plane, the part can be easily moved along prescribed trajectory ensuring a necessary positioning precision and alignment for the assembly operation. The most suitable trajectories for connecting surfaces matching as well as the most suitable excitation parameters for automatic assembling process were obtained. The proposed method can be efficiently applied in automatic assembly to match the surfaces of small parts with a small assembly clearance.
Numerical Investigation of Hydrodynamics Induced by a Pitched Blade Turbine: Effect of the Shape of Vessel Base
Authors: Abdelghani BELHANAFI
Published: October 2019

This paper presents an numerical analysis influence of bottom shape on the hydrodynamic structure for cylindrical stirred vessel with bump. The turbulent flow generated in stirred tanks is numerically predicted by the resolution of the Navier-Stokes equation using standard k-ε turbulent model. Several parameters on the mixture efficiency has been investigated. Particularly, we have studied the bottom shape of the tank, which is the distance between the bump-turbine with down pumping direction  and impeller diameter.  The numerical obtained results of the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code CFX V13.0 with the MRF (Multi Reference Frame) are presented in order to understand the flow structure. The three components velocity profiles and the turbulent kinetic energy dimensionless distributions obtained at bottom tanks with three different heights are analyzed and discussed. From these results, we can confirm that including a bump at the bottom center of the tank closer to the turbine improves significantly the operating conditions of stirring and mixing. Predictions have been compared with literature data and a satisfactory agreement has been found.
Curvilinear Stress-Strain Relationship for Concrete of EN-2 Regulation in the ZI Method and the Calculation of Beam Strength
Authors: Ipolitas ŽIDONIS
Published: October 2019

The article illustrates the possibilities of the practical application of the ZI method [1 and 2] when calculating the strength of reinforced concrete beams. The article presents variants of description of the EN-2 regulation curvilinear  diagram for concrete with reliability of 50 % by the ZI method with reliability of 50 %, 95 % and ~100 %. The article demonstrates how, when calculating the strength of normally and abundantly reinforced concrete beams by the ZI method, it is possible to do without the calculation of the limit value of the thickness of the concrete layer of the beam compression zone. This is important in the case of the calculation of the strength of abundantly reinforced beams. The method for calculating the strength of abundantly reinforced beams has been improved. When calculating strength, we also obtain actual values of stress-strain parameters at the crack. The tables provide data supporting the proposed innovations and facilitating calculations.
Grundlagen des Managements in der Sozialwirtschaft
Authors: Wöhrle Armin , Beck Reinhilde , Grunwald Klaus , Schellberg Klaus , Schwarz Gotthart , Wendt Wolf Rainer
Published: October 2019

This first-rate textbook on management in the social economy offers a systematic introduction to the foundations of social management and establishes links between social economics, social politics, social work and economics. In six chapters, the book explains the terminology used in this field, discusses the history of social management and offers insights into where the different areas of the welfare state overlap and where its current problems lie. Using an overview of current discussion topics, it presents a detailed and structured analysis of this subject’s particular features and self-concept.
Hegel: From the I to the Spirit
Authors: Bubbio Paolo Diego ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

The author argues that one of the “circles” that constitute Hegel’s philosophical system, as it is displayed in the Encyclopedia, is the circle between the I and the spirit (Geist). Specifically, the author focuses on the emergence of spirit as a self and an I (from self-feeling up to universal self-consciousness and the free mind), and on the encounter of the I with nature. The author also argues that absolute spirit maintains fundamental intersubjective and perspectival features that are proper to the I, and that grasping the circular movement between the I and the spirit in the context of Hegel’s discussion of absolute Geist is also relevant to appreciating how normative categories of social thought can be challenged and altered through Geist’s ability to achieve critical distance by overcoming subject/object distinctions.
Are the Frühromantiker Platonists?
Authors: Heneghan Fiacha D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

How to classify the artistic and philosophical movement of Early German Romanticism (die Frühromantik) remains a topic of ongoing disagreement. I consider the views of two of the leading interpreters—Frederick Beiser and Manfred Frank—and argue that the latter’s are closer to the truth. Beiser, however, has noticed a lacuna in the literature surrounding the metaphysics and epistemology of the Romantics, namely their debt to an ascendant Plato during their intellectual development. This is right, but Beiser’s idealist reading of the Romantics leans heavily on Platonic sources that are fundamentally incompatible with a consistent anti-foundationalist strain in Romantic thought. I argue that it is unlikely that Plato influenced the Romantics in the way Beiser suggests.
Groundwork for the Moral Evaluation of Speech Acts
Authors: Mathias Emily ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

The childhood platitude, “sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me,” has become nothing more than wishful thinking as we prepare each new generation for the slew of hurtful words they will inevitably encounter throughout their life. The truth of the matter is, words can hurt. To discuss how this is possible, a recent surge in philosophy of language literature has had the sole focus of analyzing pejorative language, particularly slurs. From semantic content theories to deflationary accounts, there have been numerous attempts to answer the questions “How can words hurt?” and “Why do some words hurt?” Unfortunately, in the current discourse, the focus has been so heavily on accounting for the features of derogatory words that the accounts skip over providing for even the most basic insult, as an indirect speech act. Using an analysis of insults, I argue that there is a layer of analysis prior to any semantic content that theories regarding speech acts should include and and I present a framework for an ethicist to do such an analysis.
Hair cortisol concentrations, as a measure of chronic activity within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, is elevated in dogs farmed for meat, relative to pet dogs, in South Korea
Authors: Maxwell NB , Buchanan CG , Evans NP
Published: October 2019

Human consumption of dog meat continues in some countries as a result of tradition, ritual and claimed medical benefits. In South Korea, it is estimated that over 2,500,000 dogs (Canis familiaris) are eaten annually; however, dog farming is unregulated, as dogs are not classified as livestock, leading to animal welfare concerns. A key component of the physiological stress response is activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Cortisol released as a consequence of HPA axis activation is stably deposited in growing biological media, such as hair. Extraction and quantification of hair cortisol can provide a historical record of physiological stress experienced as the hair was growing. By comparison of hair cortisol concentrations in samples collected from dogs surrendered from meat farms with pet dogs, this study demonstrates that hair cortisol concentrations from dogs rescued from meat farms are over twice as high as pet dogs living in and close to Seoul. This difference was independent of sex, breed and coat colour. Within the farmed dogs there were no significant effects of farm identity, number of dogs per farm or dogs per cage. Within the Korean Jindos surrendered from meat farms, hair cortisol was significantly higher in white-compared to black-coated dogs but there were no significant differences within or between dogs of other coat colour variants (agouti, brown). These data provide quantitative evidence that dogs in meat farms are kept in conditions associated with poor welfare and identify the need for better welfare laws to protect farmed dogs.