bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Harassment of Female Journalists in Bangladesh
Authors: Kundu Priyanka , Bhuiyan Md. Mahbubul Haque
Published: November 2020

The online harassment of female journalists is a rising concern around the world and also in South Asia. Bangladesh, a South Asian country, recently, has experienced an increasing number of harassments against female journalists online. Various studies explored the online harassment, mostly from the Western perspectives. Scholars have argued that the online harassments may negatively affect the freedom of expression. But little is known about Bangladesh. Drawing upon feminist theory, this study investigated the experiences of online journalists in Bangladesh. The objectives were to explore the nature and forms of online harassment and to find how this experiences of harassments affect the freedom of expression of the victims. Data were collected through content analysis, semiotic analysis of the uncivil comments available in the online news feedback and in-depth interviews. Results of the study indicate that online harassment is a frequent phenomenon where the victim journalists feel vulnerable in the ‘unsafe' online ‘patriarchal' environment.
An investigation Into Risks to Mental Health of Bangladeshi Journalists
Authors: Islam Md. Aminul , Quarmal Sarkar Barbaq , Das Apon
Published: November 2020

Mental health in workplaces is a global concern today, and Bangladesh is not an exception to that. It is a big concern in journalism as good journalism depends on healthy journalists and news organizations. Most of the scholarships on the topic have been done from the perspective of western and developed countries. Little is known about it from the context of developing countries like Bangladesh. As such, the present study aimed at assessing mental health and well-being of professional journalists in Bangladesh. Data were collected through a survey using a semi-structured questionnaire from 191 Dhaka-based journalists reached with the aid of snowball sampling method. Psychometric instruments such as improvised depression scale, the perceived stress scale, Beck hopelessness scale (BHS), and satisfaction with life scale were used to collect data. The results show that most of the journalists perceive their job as highly stressful, suffer from depression up to some extent, are extremely dissatisfied with their life, and severely hopeless about their life and future.
Female Journalists and Safety Challenges in Selected Media Organizations in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Hadiza Jummai , Spikin Binta Rabi'u
Published: November 2020

Journalism schools have being witnessing an increase in female enrollment in Nigeria, but this is not proportional to the number of women who work in media organizations. For the women who eventually get employed as journalists,they experience various safety challenges which affect their advancement and continued presence in journalism. This chapter looked at safety challenges faced by female journalists in selected media organizations in Kano state of Nigeria. The study was hinged on spiral of silence theory to show how female journalists keep mute about the challenges they experience and prefer to report the so-called soft news. The study used focus group discussion and in-depth interview as the research methodology. Four sessions were held with each group consisting of eight female journalists. Findings show that majority of the participants had experienced threats, attacks,harassments, marginalization, and discrimination. In addition, most media organizations do not have laid down safety policies except for a few safety measures when the need arises.
Educational Robotics Between Coding and Engineering Education
Authors: Fislake Martin
Published: November 2020

The development and use of educational robotics offer almost unlimited chances for teaching design. In classrooms it results in numerous and continuously increasing possibilities for the promotion of competences and the differentiated and differentiating use of educational robots. Therefore, this paper reports long time experiences of the author and is intended to introduce into the history and the relevant literature of educational robotics in teaching settings, before it discusses the role of educational robots as technology artefacts, as educational technology and for technology education interconnected to coding and the engineering design process (edp). In addition, a structured overview is developed to provide orientation, discuss possible applications and offer basic assistance for teaching between coding and engineering.
Educational Robotics as a Tool for the Development of Collaboration Skills
Authors: Demetroulis Emmanouil A. , Wallace Manolis
Published: November 2020

There is a wide range of ongoing research focusing on educational robotics and its effects on the development of student skills. Most of the literature review pinpoints the fact that the involvement of students with educational robotics increases or develops teamwork or collaboration skills. In most cases, this is argued without presenting significant or specific measures or even significant observations in students' behavior. This first research attempt aims to deliver a framework in which students can develop collaboration skills through the use of educational robotics. In order to produce this framework, collaboration principles were molded within the proposed strategy. In addition, the implemented strategy was observed through the spectrum of developing the collaboration skills that Hesse and his colleagues proposed. At this point, there is a need to understand that collaboration is not viewed as the means to achieve the learning effects in this work, but collaboration has to be viewed as the final outcome of the educational robotics students' involvement.
Investigating Teachers' Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions for the Impending Integration of STEM Education in Primary Schools
Authors: Vlasopoulou Maria , Kalogiannakis Michail , Sifaki Eirini
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the attitude and behavior intentions of primary school teachers regarding the integration of STEM education in primary school grades, elements that will significantly affect the success of its impending implementation. A mixed methods research design was used, and the study sample consisted of 123 in-service teachers. The results of quantitative data revealed that teachers generally have positive attitude and intentions. In addition, both dependent variables (attitude and behavior intentions) showed a strong positive relationship with teachers' perception of practicality in their teaching practice. Another important factor was gender, where female teachers seem to show more positive attitude and intentions regarding the integration of STEM education in primary schools.
Educational Robotics in Primary Education
Authors: Kyriazopoulos Ioannis , Koutromanos George , Voudouri Aggeliki , Galani Apostolia
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature referring to the utilization of educational robotics (ER) in primary education. Keyword-based search in particular bibliographic databases returned 21 journal papers for the eight-year period of 2012-2019. The factors that were studied in each of them are as follows: learning environment, area of knowledge/course subjects, pedagogical framework, learning activities, robotic equipment, research methodology, and main findings. The outcomes, among other things, showed that the majority of ER activities took place in a formal learning environment and that ER is appropriate for teaching subjects of STEM education. Though many researches took into account various learning theories that support collaboration, problem-solving, discovery, and construction of knowledge, there were some researches that lacked any pedagogical framework. In spite of the positive cognitive and affective outcomes of ER in learning, there are aspects that require further investigation.
Engaging Communities With Supported Interpretation
Authors: Viera Alicia , Villeneuve Pat
Published: November 2020

During recent years, a growing number of art museums and galleries have experimented with innovative approaches to exhibition development to create more meaningful visitor experiences. However, although commendable, their efforts to make exhibitions visitor-centered have still not been consistent, partially due to the lack of existing models for practice for these kinds of projects. This chapter focuses on supported interpretation (SI), a model for developing visitor-centered exhibitions that can help museum professionals better advocate for their audiences, engage community members in the process of exhibition development, and turn visitors into active participants who feel empowered to share content during their museum visits. The authors dive deeply into the guidelines for implementing SI, discuss prior iterations of the model, share lessons learned, and explore new scenarios in order to provide current and future art museum educators and interpretive planners with an easy-to-follow roadmap for developing successful visitor-centered SI exhibitions.
School and Teacher Partnerships at the Memphis Brooks Museum of Art
Authors: Webster Mary
Published: November 2020

This chapter examines educational programming at the Memphis Brooks Museum of Art. The educational value of single and multi-visit field trips is discussed. The author shares how the Brooks structures its STEAM field trip and provides instructions for an art making activity. The community impact of the Mid-South Scholastic Art awards is explained. Consideration is given to the importance of designing museum programming aligned to state curriculum standards. Examples of teacher workshops are provided. Best practices for successfully welcoming school groups to the museum environment are also shared.
Integrating Student Workers Into Museum Practice
Authors: Medill Kathryn
Published: November 2020

Launched in January 2016 at a university art museum on a large campus, the Museum Engagement Student Worker position aims to reimagine the student work-study role. Conceptualized as a role where students can experience and contribute to the museum's internal culture, the program integrates students into the museum's internal fabric and empowers them to act as engagement agents for community members. Museum Engagement Student Workers function as front-of-house staff, provide all public tours, and assist with public programming. This narrative, written from the author's perspective as the manager of the student worker role, examines the successes and challenges of the Museum Engagement Student Worker program using tenets of the museum's strategic plan (innovation, accessibility, engagement, community, sustainability) as points of reference.
Stay Gold
Authors: Burke Eli , Orr Harrison , DiCindio Carissa
Published: November 2020

This chapter focuses on the experiences of participants in an intergenerational art program for LGBTQIA+ audiences, which takes place at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Tucson (MOCA). In this chapter, the authors outline the impetus and purpose of this program. They consider the impact that it has had on LGBTQIA+ individuals and the formation of an intergenerational community. From combating loneliness to creating connections across generations, this program invites individuals into the museum space who identify as LBTQIA+ but rarely have the opportunity to connect with one another. Facilitators and participants design projects and gallery activities that promote engagement through dialogue and art-making. As such, art provides connections that give participants opportunities to share and learn from one another. Contemporary art and the museum become sites for engagement. Gallery activities and art-making allow participants to experiment with a range of materials and learn new skills through humor, play, creative inquiry, and collaboration.
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks in Detecting Lung Mass From Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Mohan Arun Prasad
Published: November 2020

There are more than one million cases of lung cancer per year in India alone. Early detection is vital in increasing the survival rate and decreasing treatment costs. This research is aimed at building a deep convolutional neural network which uses chest x-rays to identify lung mass, and then make a comparative study by tuning the hyperparameters. NIH Chest X-Ray Dataset containing more than 112,000 images were used for training and testing. The data was analysed and then fed to the neural network. Accuracy of over 96% was obtained in all the trials. A comparative study by varying the number of inputs and varying the number of hidden layers was carried out. The accuracies obtained were compared and was found that the accuracy increased with the increase in the number of hidden layers. A complete product was then ideated which when implemented would be a vital diagnostic tool and can be used in the remote locations of a country having just x-ray facilities and no other advanced medical equipment like CT.
Theoretical Aspects of the Bioinformatics Impact of Natural Intelligence in Cooperative Advantages
Authors: Manaseryan Tatul
Published: November 2020

The main findings of the study present the main shortcomings of the absolute, comparative, and competitive advantages and suggest new foundations of the theory of cooperative advantages with scientific arguments, justifications, statistics, economic indices, and factor analyses. If genuine competition pursues exclusively economic interests and implies a multiplication of profits from private capital, then cooperation and the utilization of cooperative advantages necessarily include the social component, in other words, the vital interests and well-being of the participating countries and their peoples. In the author's opinion, the realization of absolute, relative, competitive advantages implies the use of economic power from the positions acquired, while the utilization of cooperative advantages requires a combination of competitive advantages and a balance of forces.
The Anti-Consumption Effect on the Car-Sharing Utility
Authors: Heejung Lee
Published: November 2020

This study examines the motivations that prompt customers to use commercial sharing services (CSSs) and the relationship between anti-consumption and the perceived utility of CSSs in the fashion-sharing business. There have been many studies of the utilities that are related to the use of CSSs, but little research has yet dealt with the perceived utility of CSSs. Therefore, this study tries to understand how the two types of anti-consumption can differentially affect consumers' perceived utility to use CSSs. In particular, as the types of CSS have diversified and many consumers have used them, it can be expected that the influence of anti-consumption on the perceived utility of CSSs can change, depending on the field where the CSS is applied. This study found that (1) two types of anti-consumption (voluntary and selective) differentially affect the perceived utilities to use CSSs, and (2) the two types of anti-consumption differentially affect the perceived utility to use CSSs depending on the level of the brand.
Evaluation of Damages Due to Failures of Electric Motors in Technological Equipment of Enterprises
Authors: Nekrasov Anton , Kharchenko Valeriy , Nekrasov Alexey
Published: November 2020

The subject of the study is electric equipment system of milk farms at agricultural enterprises. The purpose of this work was the enhancement of operational reliability of electric equipment designed for technological process at milk farms based on the use of results of calculations made for the value of expected economic damage caused by failures of electric motors, and owing to the advancement of technical maintenance system. Effectiveness of the work is defined by evaluation of damage and, therefore, reducing the idle time period for technological equipment involved in various processes, at milk farms, as well as increasing lifetime of electric equipment, at agricultural enterprises. Application of the results of these studies may increase the operational reliability of electric equipment and ensure economical savings owing to the reduction of idle time of technological equipment, at milk farms, making it possible to reduce assets for operation and maintenance purposes by 10% to 15% and to decrease electric power consumption as a result of effective use of electrified machinery.
Agent-Based Improved Neuro-Fuzzy for Load Balancing in Sensor Cloud
Authors: Sangulagi Prashant , Sutagundar Ashok
Published: November 2020

Sensor cloud paradigm is a trending area for most of the applications. It collects the information from physical sensors and stores it in cloud servers, and it can be accessed anywhere. Energy optimization is one of the crucial issues in sensor cloud as sensed information are unprocessed and directly saved into cloud server thereby increasing energy consumption and delay which leads to unbalancing in the network. In this paper, agent-based improved neuro-fuzzy optimization is proposed to avoid transmission of redundant information into cloud along with load balancing among all nodes for equal energy consumption. The agents work on behalf of node, migrate to each node in the cluster, collect information, and submit to CH minimizing node energy consumption. Neuro-fuzzy along with weights is used to improve information accuracy and reducing energy consumption to improve overall network lifetime. Result shows that less energy is consumed along with minimum delay and information with great accuracy is saved into cloud server.
“Who Guards the Guards?”
Authors: Bertosso Henrique , Pauli Jandir
Published: November 2020

The studies about panopticism have a highlighted spot on organizational researches. Recently, with the inclusion of information technology, it creates the digital panopticon, in which informational systems perform the control, including on the vigilantes themselves (managers). Thus, this study addresses hierarchy, power, and the insertion of information technology in banking organizations to understand the perception of managers about their power over the team on this new kind of materialization of power. For such, this qualitative exploratory research used interview and observation as data collection and triangulation techniques. The treatment of information performed was by speech analysis. The analysis of collected data revealed that the manager is not responsible for the conception of work anymore, because they became a task performer, showing their subjection to the system of the establishment and target control; after all, the power is in the system.
Disclosure of Human Capital Practices
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim Elsiddig
Published: November 2020

The objective is to assess the disclosure practices of human capital in the banking sector of the Gulf Council Countries. This study aims to assess the level and quality of human capital disclosure and to investigate the consistency among countries. The study investigates the human disclosure practice of eight banks from each the six gulf countries with a total of 48 banks out of the 56 national banks over five years. The paper develops the variables of the disclosure index based on long discussion with professional and researchers. The disclosure index is computed for each variable for all banks under the sample. Compensation comes as the most disclosed variable with an average score of 2.87 Whereas knowledge is the least disclosed variable with an average score of 0.75. The Bahrain banks score the first level of disclosure with a disclosure score of 391, followed by UAE, Qatar, and Kuwait.
Availability and Access to Support Services in a Blended Learning Environment
Authors: Amponsah Samuel , Ussher Yvette , Amoak Benjamin Kwesi
Published: November 2020

The transformation in the distance education system has led to the emergence of blended learning approaches that have necessitated effective support to facilitate students learning. This web survey aimed at determining the kinds of support available and accessible to distance education students of the University of Ghana. Data collected from 103 Levels 300 and 400 students and findings from the survey indicated that physical and technological support services were frequently used among the respondents, whereas residential and e-library resources were the least subscribed support services among the students. In terms of social support services, interaction with tutors and interaction with fellow students came up as the main support services available to students while counselling services were absent for these students. It was recommended that the support services that were inadequate, least used, and absent should be provided to enable students to complete their programmes of study successfully.
Investigating Reading Experience of Dyslexic Children Through Dyslexia-Friendly Online Learning Environment
Authors: Benmarrakchi Fatimaezzahra , El Kafi Jamal
Published: November 2020

Dyslexia is one of the most common developmental disabilities; it is a disorder manifested by difficulty in learning to read despite conventional instruction, adequate intelligence, and sociocultural opportunity. The current study focuses on the potential benefits of the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to support children with dyslexia in reading. This paper addresses the need for dyslexia-friendly online text by introducing a dyslexia-friendly font for Arabic scripts called Arabolexia. An important question is asked which is ‘Is Arabolexia font an effective reading aid for children with dyslexia?' In this work, the author presents the first study that measures the impact of a dyslexia-friendly font for Arabic scripts on reading performance of native Arabic speakers. Fifty-two students aging between 8 and 26 years old were participated in this study. Descriptive and deductive statistical analysis showed that Arabolexia font has an impact on the reading accuracy of children with dyslexia.
An Optimal Policy for Deteriorating Items With Generalized Deterioration, Trapezoidal-Type Demand, and Shortages
Authors: Singh Trailokyanath , Sethy Nirakar Niranjan , Nayak Ameeya Kumar , Pattnaik Hadibandhu
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses an optimal policy of an inventory model for deteriorating items with trapezoidal type demand rate and the three-parameter Weibull distribution deterioration rate. The model allows shortages which are completely backlogged in order to achieve better preserving amenity. The authors present some optimal solutions which leads to determine the total inventory cost in which the collective behavior of customers hinges on the waiting time. An easy-to-use optimization technique is included to find the shortage time point and order quantity to minimize the total system cost. Taking into account the above-mentioned assumptions, different kinds of numerical examples are considered to illustrate the theoretical behavior of the framed optimization model. The sensitivity analysis is made for this problem with variation of parameters. The study shows that the optimal solution not only exists but also is unique and is less expensive to operate if the factors of three-phase variation, representing the growth, the steady, and the decline phases of demand with respect to time are considered.
Implementation of Embedded Testbeds Using USRP and GNU-Radio for Performance Measurement and Analysis of PPS and PCO-Based Time Synchronizations
Authors: Park Hyun Jae , Lee Cheol-woong , Shin Taeyoung , Roh Byeong-hee , Park Soo Bum , Choi Jungwook
Published: November 2020

In wireless networks, time synchronization is one of the key functions for the MAC and the physical layer because it is important to accurately transmit data by maintaining the order and consistency of transmission between nodes. The time synchronization can be divided into centralized and distributed methods and there are many synchronization schemes. However, there are little testbeds for comparing and analyzing various time synchronization schemes in a real environment. Most papers analyze the proposed time synchronization algorithm by simulation, and some testbeds are also configured for the proposed scheme only. In this paper, the authors build embedded testbeds using USRP and GNU-Radio. The two typical methods of the centralized and decentralized time synchronizations, PPS, and PCO-based schemes, respectively, are implemented on the testbeds and their performances are measured and analyzed in the real environment.
Improving Area Coverage With Mobile Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Patel Dhruvi , Jaekel Arunita
Published: November 2020

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of sensor nodes that detect relevant events in their vicinity and relay this information for further analysis. Considerable work has been done in the area of sensor node placement to ensure adequate coverage of the area of interest. However, in many applications it may not be possible to accurately place individual sensor nodes. In such cases, imprecise placement can result in regions, referred to as coverage holes, that are not monitored by any sensor node. The use of mobile nodes that can ‘visit' such uncovered regions after deployment has been proposed in the literature as an effective way to maintain adequate coverage. In this paper, the authors propose a novel integer linear programming (ILP) formulation that determines the paths the mobile node(s) should take to realize the specified level of coverage in the shortest time. The authors also present a heuristic algorithm that can be used for larger networks.
Deployment of FACTS Controllers in Solving Power System Network Problems: A Review
Authors: Adewolu Babatunde Olusegun , Saha Akshay Kumar
Published: November 2020

Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) deployments and applications are on the increase in modern day power network systems because of their advantages over conventional ways of power network physical expansion. Therefore, a comprehensive review of FACTS controllers with their various applications is carried out in this paper. Formation of different applications and advantages of FACTS devices into voltage control, power flow control, system stability control, power quality control, and economic benefits as inferred from the literatures is among the vantage points of this presentation. FACTS background alongside different techniques of deployments, leading to various applications and performance of these devices, hitherto organized structurally based on target objectives are also explored, presented and discussed. Summarily, this study provides an overview of the background, topological structures, deployment techniques and cutting-edge utilization of FACTS controllers, with a view to acquainting power players, electrical engineers, network designers as well as researchers, with the trends in the development, status and future direction of FACTS applications. Convincingly, the content of this article will benefit all the stakeholders in the area of FACTS deployments and utilizations.
Modelling and Implementation for Airflow and Temperature Distribution in a Small-Scale Granary
Authors: Onibonoje Moses Oluwafemi , Baandele Jeremiah Oluwatosin , Fabunmi Temitayo Emmanuel
Published: November 2020

One major feature of a granary is the uneven distribution of temperature and airflow. Due to the large variability in the parameters to be considered in characterizing the feature, a pilot test serves as the better way to performing the experiment, which subsequently affects the airflow velocity distribution, and is very difficult to determine by natural experiment. This paper develops a model for uneven airflow and temperature distribution through the layers of stored grains, relative to the indicated parameters. The study aims at predicting the various thermo-physical properties of maize grains using the developed model with the incorporated several expressions obtained, and compare with the measured values through the deployed pilot mini silo. To validate the model, the bin was aerated with forced air at constant humidity and temperature. A mini cylindrical silo was also developed and deployed with bulk grains for a pilot test. The predicted results were compared with the measured values of the temperatures obtained in the various locations of the pilot silo. The two results were closely related, thereby establishing the validity of our model. The model provides information on the direction of flow and velocity in each location within the stored volume of grains, and data for grain cooling, airing and drying in the bin. The developed model is useful for predicting the temperature distribution, airflow and the cooling time for bulk grains under varying aeration conditions, and suitable for optimizing the design and operation of granary systems.
FISH patterns of ROS1, MET, and ALK with a correlation of ALK immunohistochemistry in lung cancer
Authors: Singh Angad , Kumar Rajiv , Shetty Omshree , Desai Sangeeta , Rane Swapnil
Published: November 2020

Background:

Mutations in ROS1, ALK, and MET genes are targetable alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They can be evaluated by different techniques, most commonly fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Methods:

We explored the prevalence of ROS1, ALK, MET mutations, discuss clinicopathological associations and FISH signal patterns on 413 consecutive cases of EGFR negative lung carcinoma from March 2016 to April 2017 using FISH for ALK, ROS1, and MET along with ALK (D5F3) IHC.

Results:

ROS1 gene rearrangement, ALK positivity (IHC and/or FISH), and MET amplification were seen in 18/358 (5%) cases, 76/392 cases (19.4%), and 10/370 (2.7%) cases, respectively. ALK FISH and ALK IHC were positive in 51/300 (17%) and 58/330 cases (17.57%), respectively, while 8/330 (2.4%) cases were ALK IHC “equivocal” of which 3/8 (37.5%) were ALK FISH positive. Of ALK FISH and IHC co-tested cases, 43/238 (18.07%) cases were positive by both techniques, while 15/43 (34.88%) of ALK positive cases showed discordant ALK FISH and IHC results. All ROS1 rearranged and MET amplified cases were adenocarcinoma. Signet ring cell histology was associated with 78.57% likelihood of being either ALK or ROS1 positive. Genomic heterogeneity was seen in 30% of MET amplified cases.

Conclusions:

ALK/ROS1/MET gene alterations were found in 25.18% of NSCLC cases. An ALK IHC “equivocal” interpretation category should be incorporated into practice. Atypical patterns of ROS1 and genomic heterogeneity need to be evaluated further for any clinical relevance.
Earthquake induced crises: game tree approached risk communication and lessons learnt
Authors: Kouskouna Vasiliki , Sakkas Georgios , Cecic Ina , Sakkas Stylianos , Kaviris George , Tertulliani Andrea
Published: November 2020

Earthquakes, large or even moderate, are often followed by secondary phenomena, such as landslides, tsunamis, fires and technological disasters, leading to cascading effects that may, in turn, cause severe repercussions. Before, during and after the occurrence of these events, risk communication, currently evolved to codified legislation, is a crucial factor. Policy selection in the present study is approached by the application of the risk game tree and its formation. The events studied here in view of policy making have occurred both in the historical and the instrumental era, to account for different level of exposure and anthropogenic hazards, in Greece (1894 Atlanti, 1953 Kefallinia series, 2003 and 2015 Lefkas), Italy (1976 Friuli), Japan (2011 Tōhoku) and Slovenia (1917 Brežice). In all case studies the whole disaster management cycle is examined, i.e. mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Disaggregation of earthquake-related direct and cascading effects, as well as risk communication are taken into account and ethical challenges are posed both to scientists and policy makers.
Non-Structural Earthquake Risk Management for Residential Buildings
Authors: Thorvaldsdottir Solveig , Bessason Bjarni , Rupakhety Rajesh
Published: November 2020

As buildings become more resilient against structural damage the cost of non-structural damage and their consequences becomes proportionally higher, giving non-structural damage greater importance in earthquake risk reduction. Providing residents with detailed guidance on how to evaluate their risk regarding non-structural earthquake damage, and what mitigation and preparedness options they have, can increase both home and societal earthquake resiliency. Earthquake damage data from destructive earthquakes in south Iceland in 2000 and 2008 were used to develop simple but detailed twelve-step risk-management guidelines for residents. The guidelines are based on a set of disaster-related objectives. A standard loss estimation study was used to develop guidelines for the fixed non-structural elements and photographs from inside homes that had sustained significant non-structural damage were used to develop guidelines for loose items. Virtually every item in the studied homes was considered to understand its importance and its relevance to the function of a home. Information in terms of financial, functional and emotional value were used in the guidelines to help residents decide which mitigation options to take. The photos provided valuable information by placing each item in context with its surroundings, for example, to understand the possibility of motion and consequences to other items. The proposed approach, although based on observations from residential buildings, is useful for facilities that have sensitive operations, such as offices, industrial facilities, hospitals and government services. As societies become more complex and reliant on non-structural elements, systematic and thorough studies such as the one outlined herein become an increasingly critical part of sound earthquake risk management.
Historia imigracji Chińczyków do Stanów Zjednoczonych – trzecia fala
Authors: Paliszewska-Mojsiuk Monika
Published: November 2020

The third wave of Chinese immigration to the United States of America This article offers an exploration of the history of the third wave of Chinese immigration to the USA which began after 1943. After a brief introduction to previous legislation promoting Chinese exclusion from America, the article provides a detailed description of immigration policies that influenced the influx of Chinese. Moreover, it considers background information relating to the socio-economic challenges that the Chinese faced in their new homeland. Chinese Americans also experienced cultural alienation, which they expressed, among other ways, in literature. After years of exclusion, since the second half of the 20th century, Chinese may finally immigrate to the United States on equal terms to those enjoyed by representatives of other nationalities.
O strategiach nauczania znaków języka chińskiego
Authors: Sroka-Grądziel Anna , Lee Fu-lan
Published: November 2020

On strategies for teaching Chinese characters In the process of learning Chinese, characters are one of the biggest challenges for students from outside the Chinese culture sphere. The strategy of teaching characters undertaken by the teacher has a huge impact on the development of learners’ language skills as well as on their motivation and approach to learning. This article discusses strategies for teaching Chinese characters. The authors focus on the benefits and problems resulting from two main didactic concepts: first, spoken language, then, writing and language-character integration. The authors presents the factors that should be taken into account when deciding whether to adopt the appropriate strategy for teaching characters.
Giving voice to migrant children during reception and asylum procedures. Illustrations on the implementation of Art. 12 CRC in Greece and Belgium
Authors: Papadopoulos Ioannis , Van Buggenhout Marijke
Published: November 2020

According to a children’s rights’ approach, asylum-seeking children are entitled to special protection. However, reality dictates that as soon as they enter a host country irregularly, they are often criminalised, thus becoming part of the crimmigration debate and as a result they are further deprived of basic human rights including the right to be heard, as enshrined in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. This paper starts from a discussion on the fact that children on the migratory pathway need to be granted a central and active role in research, especially in times when new theoretical concepts in the field of juvenile justice and migration policing are introduced. We continue by delving into both an illustration from Greece and Belgium on how the right of the child to participate and to be heard is applied during reception and asylum procedures. We draw attention to the existing peculiarities of rights-based research methods in immigration studies, whilst arguing for holistic approaches that aim to move beyond the decorative concept of voicing children and towards a positive change concerning asylum processes for migrant minors.
Çatı Tipi Paket Klima Cihazı için Kondenser Tarafında Evaporatif Soğutma Uygulaması
Authors: ÖZÇAKIR Nisa , GÜNERHAN Hüseyin
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada klasik çatı tipi klimalar ile kondenser tarafı evaporatif soğutmalı çatı tipi klimaların performansları ve enerji verimlilikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Evaporatif soğutma yüksek verimli direkt buharlaşmalı soğutma pedi ile sağlanmıştır. Enerji verimliliğini arttırmak hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma, 50 kW’lık soğutma kapasiteli bir klima cihazının EUROVENT ve tropik bölgede çalışması durumunda pedli ve pedsiz olması göz önüne alınıp karşılaştırılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Ped kullanılması durumunda, kondensere gelen soğutma havasının sıcaklığı düşmüş, kompresör küçülmüş ve aynı soğutma kapasitesi elde edilmiştir. COP, EER değerlerinde yaklaşık %30 artış sağlanmıştır. Tropik bölge için seçilen cihazda ise COP, EER değerindeki artış çok daha büyük orandadır (%50).
Çalışma sonucunda ped kullanılması ile kompresör, kondenserlerde küçülme ve enerji verimli çatı tipi klima cihazlarının yapılabileceği ortaya konmuştur.
Emotions, Thoughts, Words
Authors: Kochunts Karine
Published: November 2020

The subject of the present research is the subtle and intricate interconnection of human emotions, thoughts and words. As we know, human cognition is the ultimate form of reflecting the objective reality. Emotions reflect not the objective items and phenomena of the real world, but some subjective relationships in which these items exist. Thoughts and feelings in the model of the interaction of our consciousness with the world are the two means of its perception. Reflection has got two spheres: an intellectual and an affective, and the interaction of these two means that the rational and the emotional in the consciousness and thinking is manifested in the fact that man can emotionally experience what he/she reflects.
Translation of Non-Equivalent Idioms (using English and Russian examples)
Authors: Jadlovský Tomáš
Published: November 2020

The author analyses possibilities of translating idioms that do not have corresponding equivalents in the target language. In addition to existing methods described in literature, he proposes translation by means of compensation within a narrow context. The substitute idiom should be chosen from the same phraseosemantic field, and thus, both semantic link to the original text and important stylistic level typical of idioms are preserved in the target text. The theory is demonstrated by examples of translation from English into Russian and vice versa.
The History of the Language and the History of the Nation
Authors: Macciocca Gabriella
Published: November 2020

The history of the language represents a moment of deep knowledge in the development of the political thought of the Nation. With regard to the Italian language, we must recognize observations and summaries of linguistic history produced ever since the origins of the language itself. A short number of examples, coming from the history of the Italian language, and from the history of Italian literature, will be considered. We will consider in which way the language has been taught over time and the University statement.
Hypocricy of the Rich vs Honesty of the Poor in the English Society of the 18$^\text{th}$ Century
Authors: Tchaparian Vicky
Published: November 2020

During the 18th century, life was unpleasant and disturbing due to the Horrible Plague and the Great Fire that attacked England and turned the English society upside down. There was a big gap between the rich and the poor. Violence and crimes were everywhere. However, along with all the misfortunes, 18th century was also a period of elegance for England. Education flourished, and the novel genre developed impressively along with fine music and theatre performances. During these times, the rich led a luxurious life, while the poor in extreme poverty hardly preserved their miserable existence. The whole atmosphere was that of contrasts between brightness and staleness, wellness and sickness, abundance and insufficiency, virtue and vice, along with charity and selfishness which, combined with other characteristic features of the English society, created a chaotic situation. Henry Fielding’s novel, The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and his Friend Mr. Abraham Adams, often called Joseph Andrews artistically mingles all these contrasts on different levels of different aspects of life, depicting the age he lived in while giving credit to the poor and the abandoned, making the good successfully triumphant and the bad miserably overwhelmed until at the end he makes his characters reach poetic justice punishing the vicious and rewarding the virtuous. The article aims at revealing the chaotic situation of the 18th century England through H. Fielding’s novel in question and the writer’s critical attitude to it.
The Use of Manipulative Tactics in Hate Speech
Authors: Paronyan Shushanik
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present article is to study some ways of verbal expression of adversary social relationships. It is a study based on the linguistic material of one online article, which shows clearly that the language resources used by the Azerbaijani propagandists manipulate the public, create an exaggeratedly negative image of Armenia as an aggressor state and impose anti-Armenian opinion on the readers. The need for a linguistic study of hate speech is quite actual since at the modern Information Age or New Media Age the confrontation between the conflicting sides is often escalated via verbal duelling, accusation and repudiation that spreads rapidly far and wide with the help of online resources. The spread of fake, misleading and falsified information that discredits the opposing side, inciting hatred and animosity against a group of people is growing dangerously. Worst of all, we cannot but admit the fact that, unfortunately, malice and antagonism are becoming part of modern civilization. The linguistic analysis carried out in the present article demonstrates how certain verbal manipulative tactical tools that are deliberately used by the author, create abusive hate speech against Armenia and its policy.
An Ordering Policy for Deteriorating and Weibull
Ameliorating items with Time-Varying Demand
and Partial Backlogging
Authors: Manda Biswaranjan
Published: November 2020

Deterioration means decay, evaporation, and obsolescence, loss of quality or
marginal value of a commodity. Obviously, deterioration decreases the usefulness
of the good from its original condition. Again we know the longer the goods which
are kept in inventory, the higher the deteriorating cost. Pertinently there are few
research papers dealing with the inventory model under the environment of
Amelioration of items. The present paper deals with an inventory model for both
ameliorating and deteriorating items. The amelioration rate follows the Weibull
distribution and the time-varying demand rate is assumed as over a fixed time
horizon and shortages which is partially backlogged. Finally the model is illustrated
with the help of a numerical example, some particular cases are derived and the
sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution towards the changes in the values of
different parameters is also studied.

Subject classification: AMS Classification No. 90B05, 97M40.
Key Words: Inventory, Deteriorating, Ameliorating, Weibull distribution, Timevarying demand, Shortages, and Partial backlogging.
Systematic Sampling for Estimating Harvest-Induced Changes of a Forest Stand
Authors:   College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Peque Dennis
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted in Compartment 2012a in Bosinghausen Forest District in Germany covering an area of 5 hectared. Twenty two sampling plots were laid out in the field following systematic sampling design. Results showed that all estimates for all variables (e.g. tree heights, DBH, stem density, basal area and volume) under trees that were marked for cutting have higher relative standard error. This was due to higher dispersion of individual estimates in each plot. On the other hand, the simulation study shows that sampling efficiency can be acheived by increasing the sample size. When more samples are included, the relative standard error becomes low. From this study, it can be concluded that the variability of the estimates were affected by sample size and the variability of individual units in the population or the individual esitmates (in this case, estimates in each plot).
Effects of Cultured Yeast Supplementation on Growing Kids Fed With Napier Grass-Concentrate Ration
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Visayas State University, Philippines, Abela Mark , Bestil Lolito ,   Department of Animal Science, Visayas State University, Philippines
Published: November 2020

An In vivo experiment was conducted to assess the effects of live yeast supplementation on the performance of six-month-old young goats. Specifically, it investigated the effects of cultured yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation of the dry matter intake, growth performance, fluctuation in ruminal fluid pH and rumen bacterial count, as well as on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein of the napier grass-concentrate ration. The addition of cultured yeast at two grams/ 10 mL distilled water generally increased dry matter intake and weight gain of the young goats, but did not significantly affected bacterial count and ruminal fluid pH. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein of the napier grass-concentrate ration increased with the addition of cultured yeast. Yeast supplementation of one gram/ 10 mL distilled water enhaced nutrient intake and utilization of the napier grass-concentrate ration.
Morphological Effects of Paclobutrazol on the Regrowth of Rejuvenated Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Trees
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, Visayas State University, Philippines, Ramos Arsenio , Acedo Jr. Antonio ,   Department of Horticulture, Visayas State University, Philippines
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to determine the morphological response of the regrowth of rejuvenated coffee (Coffea arabica L.) to varying timing and levels of application of Paclobutrazol (PBZ) [2RS, 3RS)-1-4 (-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl-penten-3-ol]. Plants applied with PBZ two months before cutting had delayed shoot emergence, were shorted and had bigger lateral brances but with comparable percent plant survival, vertical shoot stem characteristics, lateral branch morphology, leaf morphology and root volume and dry weight compared to those applied with PBZ one month before cutting. Regardless of timing of application, plants given 0.5 and 1.0 g a.i.PBZ/ m canopy span had shorter vertical shoots with shorter internodes, fewer and shorter lateral branches, smaller leaves, and bigger root volume but comarable plant survival, days to shoot emergence, vertical shoot stem diameter, number of nodes of lateral branches, number of leaves, LAI and root dry weight with the untreated plants.