bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid, tocopherol composition and the antioxidant activity of the lipid extract from the sorghum grains growing in Algeria
Authors: Hadbaoui Zineb , Djeridane Amar , Yousfi Mohamed , Saidi Mokhtar , Nadjemi Boubakeur
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the fatty acid and tocopherol composition and the antioxidant activity of the lipids fractions of two varieties of sorghum grains grown in Algeria. The results revealed that the total oil contents in the sorghum ranged from 11 to 13%. Gas chromatography analysis of the oils revealed that the dominant fatty acids found are palmitic, oleic and linoleic. The oils contain a significant amount of unsaturated fatty acids (>84%). Oils were also high in tocopherol, with a wide variation (between 174.82 and 325.33 mg/kg) but with δ-tocopherol predominating in the two oils. The lipid extracts were subjected to screening for their possible antioxidant activity by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, phosphomolybdenum complex and FRAP assays. In the first case, IC50 values of the extracts were 15.4 and 22.6 mg/mL in the red and in the white sorghum, respectively. In the phosphomolybdenum complex and the FRAP assays the antioxidant capacity of the extracts ranged, respectively, between 0.21–0.13 μmol/g vitamin E equivalents and 0.030–0.027 mmol/g vitamin C equivalents. In the three systems, the antioxidant capacities of vitamin E and ascorbic acid were also determined in parallel experiments.
Pilot trial of Melissa officinalis L. leaf extract in the treatment of volunteers suffering from mild-to-moderate anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances
Authors: Cases Julien , Ibarra Alvin , Feuillère Nicolas , Roller Marc , Sukkar Samir G.
Published: April 2019

Botanicals are an alternative option to prescription drugs for the alleviation of symptoms due to anxiety disorders and insomnia. Melissa officinalis L. has been shown as an anti-stress and anxiolytic agent. We previously reported moderate stress improvement in mice in which Cyracos®, a standardized Melissa officinalis L. extract, was administrated. Cyracos® contains phytochemicals that inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolism. This was a prospective, open-label, 15-day study to evaluate the efficacy of Cyracos® on stressed volunteers, who have mild-to-moderate anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances. Using clinician rating criteria, primary outcomes showed improvement of symptoms. Cyracos® reduced anxiety manifestations by 18% (p < 0.01), ameliorated anxiety-associated symptoms by 15% (p < 0.01) and lowered insomnia by 42% (p < 0.01). As much as 95% of subjects (19/20) responded to treatment, of which 70% (14/20) achieved full remission for anxiety, 85% (17/20) for insomnia, and 70% (14/20) for both. Our study demonstrates, for the first time that chronic administration of Melissa officinalis L. relieves stress-related effects. It is critical that further studies incorporate a placebo and investigate physiological stress markers.
Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters: from natural to functional foods
Authors: Bacchetti T. , Masciangelo S. , Bicchiega V. , Bertoli E. , Ferretti Gianna
Published: April 2019

Phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters are a group of steroid alcohols that occur naturally in plants. As natural constituents of plant structures, phytosterols contribute to the regulation of the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes. They are found mostly in vegetable oils, fruits, nuts, cereals and legumes. Themost abundant phytosterols are β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. During the last 15 years the market for phytosterols, as dietary supplements, has lead to a rapidly growing worldwide market for functional foods containing phytosterols and stanols. Even though many different clinical trials have clearly demonstrated that phytosterols reduce LDL-cholesterol, it is unclear whether phytosterols have a positive effect on cardiovascular disease. Until now, there are no data related to the effect of phytosterol consumption on the development of cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the biochemistry of phytosterols, their metabolism and role in health and in pathological conditions.
Immunonutrition in surgical oncology: the French experience
Authors: Brindisi M. C. , Ortega-Deballon P.
Published: April 2019

Malnutrition is frequent among cancer patients and must be evaluated before the surgery. Immunonutrition is a nutritional support therapy focused on modulating the inflammatory response, stimulating the immunology, maintaining intestinal trophicity and reducing overall postoperative morbidity, particularly infectious complications. Immunonutrition is indicated in elective digestive surgical oncology, and the length of administration depends on the presence or not of malnutrition. This treatment is now a standard of care in France, because the recommendations of the French Society of Digestive Surgery (2005) and its reimbursement by the National Health System.
Effect of domestic processing on nutrients and pesticide residues in chickpea
Authors: Kaushik Geetanjali , Naik S. N. , Satya Santosh
Published: April 2019

Food quality and safety is an area of growing worldwide concern on account of its association with health. Food processing offers a suitable approach to deal with the current scenario of poor quality and unsafe food prevalent in the developing countries. Food legumes are widely consumed over the world on account of their nutritive value. The effects of common domestic processing techniques like soaking, germination (1, 2 and 3 day) and cooking (microwave, pressure and ordinary cooking) were studied on the carbohydrate, crude protein, mineral and vitamin content of chickpea. The effect of these processing techniques was also studied on the fate of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites in chickpea. It was observed that germination (1st day) leads to significant increases in the sugars, crude protein, the increase in Zn and Fe are high on day 1 with marginal increases in Mn and the losses in K, Ca, Mg and P are low on day 1. Even the contents of the riboflavin and niacin are the highest as compared to the other days. Germination (day 1) also resulted in almost complete elimination of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites in chickpea so germination of legumes is a simple, cost effective, suitable process for addressing the concerns of food quality and safety especially for rural populace of developing countries.
Adult malnutrition screening, prevalence in four Iranian hospitals: cross-sectional study
Authors: Norouzy Abdolreza , Hashemi Peyman , Amiri Amin , Salehi Mahta , Deldar Kosar , Fakhar Yasaman , Khaleghi Saeid Fard , Shamloo Alireza Sepehri , Sabery Maryam , Nematy Mohsen
Published: April 2019

Malnutrition remains common but unrecognized and untreated problem worldwide particularly in Iranian hospitals. Malnutrition has a high clinical and economic impact reflected by an increased morbidity and mortality and prolonged hospital stay. The main aim of this study was to assess the nutritional state of patients on admission to four University-affiliated hospitals including two general, one oncology and one psychiatric) in Mashhad using of Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). 404 adults aged more than 18 who were admitted to the Mashhad teaching hospitals were screened for malnutrition using MUST. The mean age was 44 ± 18 years (range 18–90 years) (188 females, 216 males). The nutritional status assessment was performed within 48 h of admission and the prevalence of malnutrition was reported 48.5%. (high risk 38.6%, medium risk 9.9%). In total, 45.2% (n = 70) of female patients had a MUST score of 2 (high risk) when compared with 51.5% (n = 35) of males. Mental disorder patients (82%) and medical ward patients (60.6%) had the highest prevalence of malnutrition. Results showed that malnutrition is a common problem affecting more than 48% of patients in this hospital-wide study. Results warrant paying more attention to malnourished patients.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in the outpatient population of a northern Italy region
Authors: Monari Marta , Valaperta Serenella , Garbelli Stefano , Montanelli Alessandro
Published: April 2019

Vitamin D deficiency is common, though its prevalence varies depending on the characteristics of the study population and the reference values adopted. We have analyzed the data of 25(OH)D levels collected in our laboratory to define the status in an outpatient population and the best cut-point for clinical practice.
Seriate prealbumin and C-reactive protein measurements in monitoring nutritional intervention in hospitalized patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Gallo Fabrizio , Haupt Enrico , Devoto Gian Luigi , Marchello Concetta , Garbarini Roberta , Bravo Maura Ferrari , Boicelli Roberta , Deiana Franca , Racchi Omar
Published: April 2019

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in hospitalized patients is associated with poor outcomes. Prealbumin (PAB) has been shown to be a potentially useful tool in PEM assessment. PAB plasma concentrations are closely related to nutritional state and nutritional intervention. However, PAB is also inversely correlated to C-reactive protein (CRP), making difficult the interpretation of PAB changes during tratment of severely ill patients with inflammation and/or infection. Methods: To assess the confounding role of CRP we investigated the role of two seriate measures of PAB and CRP in monitoring the response to nutritional intervention in 83 hospitalized patients enrolled in a nutritional care program (group 1). Data were also collected from 60 patients with low PAB not enrolled in any nutritional program (group 2). Results: When nutritional needs were not satisfied (nutritional intake/needs ratio <75%) we found no PAB increase, whereas there was a significant PAB increase in patients with adequate intake (mean delta-PAB 4.2 mg/dL). Covariance analysis showed a statistically significant mean PAB increase of 2.38 mg/dL in the adequate intake subset, value controlled for the confounder delta-CRP (p < 0.005). In the inadequate intake subset and in group 2 an improvement in CRP status was not associated with a proportional improvement in PAB levels. Conclusions: Although the complex interplay between PAB and inflammation cannot be completely solved, we suggest that in subjects receiving an adequate nutritional support a significant improvement of PAB can be considered, at least partially, a real marker of nutrional improvement.
Ancestral diets and modern diseases
Authors: Sudano Maurizio , Gregorio Franco
Published: April 2019

Diet has had a deep and wide-ranging impact on human evolution. Contemporary genome was originally selected for the lifestyle of ancestral humans. Since human genome has little changed since the emergence of behaviourally modern humans, the study of prehistoric hunter–gatherer diet could be regarded as a paradigm for modern humans. The discordance between our ancestral, genetically determined biology and the nutritional and activity patterns of contemporary western populations could be the common soil for the emergence and wide spreading of metabolic disease, such as obesity and T2 diabetes.
Metabolic syndrome and psychopathology: a possible relationship?
Authors: Valentino Salvatore , Benedetta Menenti , Pandolfo Mayme Mary , Leotta Sergio
Published: April 2019

The intent of the authors was to evaluate the possible presence of psychopathological aspects in people with metabolic syndrome. Through a research protocol that involved a thorough physical examination, a psychological clinical interview and the administration of psychodiagnostic tests, the authors highlighted the significative incidence of depressive disorders and/or anxiety in people with metabolic syndrome. This area of investigation in a clinical setting is configured as a territory still unexplored; the authors point out, therefore, the need for further study and for the development of intervention protocols providing the synergistic presence of different specialists with specific skills.
Bamboo shoot: a potential source of food security
Authors: Satya Santosh , Singhal Poonam , Bal Lalit Mohan , Sudhakar P.
Published: April 2019

Energy, climate change, food security, and health care are the major challenges humanity is facing the world over. Bamboo grass, which can grow successfully on wasteland with minimal agronomical inputs, would help in meeting these challenges to a significant extent. Generally, bamboos, a group of large woody grasses belonging to the family Poaceae and subfamily Bambusoideae are much known for their contribution mainly to the housing sector in view of certain unique characteristics. Although the bamboo shoot used in tribal diet is a very old phenomenon, yet the food potential of the bamboo shoot per se remains subsided and unexplored. Literature on the food potential of bamboo shoots is scattered and has been realized in a reductionistic manner. Few studies reveal its richness in nutritive components like protein and fiber content and thus the bamboo shoot could be helpful in mitigating the problem of malnutrition. This paper therefore tries to reflect light on the bamboo shoot as a food resource with a holistic perspective. Exotic food products and traditional dishes of bamboo shoots being eaten at different locations have been compiled and discussed. The toxic content in different bamboo shoot species studied by various investigators is presented in this paper too. The nutritional values of different species of bamboo shoots and the effect of processing methods on its nutritive quality have also been looked into. The feasibility of integrating raw/processed bamboo shoot in the modern diet and lifestyle for enhancing food-nutritional security is also explored.
Effect of dietary coconut kernel protein on the liver and pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats: comparison with L-arginine and glibenclamide
Authors: Salil Gopalakrishnan , Nevin Kottayath Govindan , Rajamohan Thankappan
Published: April 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arginine-rich coconut kernel protein (CKP) on alloxan-induced diabetes in comparison with L-arginine and an antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide. 1-month-old 24 male Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing 130–150 g, were randomly divided into five groups: group I-normal control, group II-diabetic control, group III-diabetic + CKP, group IV-diabetic + L-arginine, group V-diabetic + glibenclamide (0.6 mg/100 g body weight). The rats were induced diabetes by injecting a single dose of alloxan (150 mg/100 g body weight) intraperitoneally. After the experimental period, various parameters were analyzed. The results showed that diabetic rats treated with CKP, arginine, and glibenclamide reduced the serum glucose and had no significant effect on total serum protein content compared to diabetic control. Serum urea level was found to be comparatively reduced in arginine-, CKP-, and glibenclamide-treated rats. Toxicological analysis showed that arginine, CKP, and glibenclamide delivered to diabetic rats significantly reduced the SGOT, SGPT and ALP activities to the basal level. Histopathological analysis also showed a comparable reversible effect of CKP on alloxan-induced pancreatic damage with respect to arginine and glibenclamide-treated rats. These results clearly indicate the non-toxic and antidiabetic properties of CKP, possibly mediated through arginine.
Relationship between cord blood atherogenic index and birth weight in preeclampsia
Authors: Kharb Simmi , Nanda Smiti , Batra Anudeep
Published: April 2019

The present study was designed to analyze cord blood atherogenic index (AI) in newborns of normal pregnant and preeclamptic subjects and to correlate them with birth weight and maternal AI. The study consisted of 50 healthy pregnant women (Group I: controls) and 50 women with preeclampsia. Ten milliliter cord blood was collected from placental end of umbilical cord and 5 ml of maternal venous sample was drawn from antecubital vein at the time of delivery. Serum was separated by centrifugation and Apo A-I and Apo B levels were analyzed by immunoturbidimetric Immunoassay kits. AI was calculated as ratio of Apo B to Apo A-I. Apo B levels were significantly elevated in Group II in both cord blood and maternal blood as compared to Group I (p < 0.001). Apo A-I levels were lower in maternal blood and higher in cord blood of group II. In maternal blood, AI was higher in Group II as compared to Group I (p < 0.001). In group I, a significant positive correlation was observed between cord blood AI and birth weight and values being higher in males. In group II, a significant negative correlation observed between cord blood AI and birth weight was higher in females.
Role of lentils (Lens culinaris L.) in human health and nutrition: a review
Authors: Faris Mo'ez Al-Islam Ezzat , Takruri Hamed Rabah , Issa Ala Yousef
Published: April 2019

Humans have known lentils (Lens culinaris L.) since the dawn of civilization. The current work is a comprehensive review of lentils composition, nutritional value, and health benefits. The article addresses major proteins identified in lentils and their bioactive peptides, including lectins, defensins, and protease inhibitors. In addition, this review discusses the complex carbohydrate fractions in lentils, particularly the resistant starches, oligosaccharides, and dietary fibers with emphasis on their biomedical properties. Also, the current review discusses minerals and vitamins as well as the non-nutritive bioactive phytochemicals of lentils which add to the promising potential for clinical applications in the management and prophylaxis of several chronic human illnesses. The article finds out that various potential health benefits have been described for lentils such as anticarcinogenic, blood pressure-lowering, hypocholesterolemic and glycemic load-lowering effects. The proposed mechanisms behind each health benefit are discussed.
Food craving is associated with multiple weight loss attempts
Authors: Fabbricatore Mariantonietta , Imperatori Claudio , Contardi Anna , Tamburello Antonino , Innamorati Marco
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between food craving and lifetime number of weight-loss attempts, as a proxy index of difficulties in weight-loss maintenance. The participants were 100 adult out-patients with BMI ≥ 25 admitted at three medical centers for the treatment of obesity and excess weight in Rome (Italy). The patients were administered the State and Trait Food Cravings Questionnaire, trait version (FCQ-T). The patients with five or more weight loss episodes (compared to those with four treatments or less) differed in all the dimensions of the FCQ-T. Food craving is associated with more difficulties in weight-loss maintenance after weight-loss interventions.
Pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) seeds as nutraceutic: a review on status quo and scopes
Authors: Patel Seema
Published: April 2019

The seeds of pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) are generally considered to be agro-industrial wastes and discarded. In some parts of the world, the seeds are consumed raw, roasted or cooked, but only at the domestic scale. With the discovery of their richness in protein, fibres, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols, they are being regarded valuable for the food industry. The attention of food technologists has resulted in their foray into the commercial food sector. Food companies are experimenting with their incorporation into a slew of savouries and consumers are showing interest in them. Also, their beneficial effects on blood glucose level, immunity, cholesterol, liver, prostate gland, bladder, depression, learning disabilities and parasite inhibition are being validated. The conversion of these agro-wastes into value-added ingredients is likely to be a big step towards the global sustainability efforts; thus, it deserves more investigation. This review furnishes an updated account of this emerging nutraceutical.
Physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and academic performance among adolescent boys in different weight statuses
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Samad , Kalantari Hassan-Ali
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to compare physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and academic performance in a sample of 15- to 17-year-old adolescent boys in different weight statuses. Participants were 538 adolescent boys, who underwent standard anthropometry and nine physical fitness tests (one-mile run/walk, sit and reach, pushups, sit ups, 40-m run speed, agility, standing long jump, vertical jump and hand grip). Physical activity (PA) and academic performance were evaluated by questionnaire and cumulative grade point average (CGPA), respectively. 16.6, 66.4, 12 and 5.1 % of the adolescent were underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese, respectively. The obese adolescent boys had significantly higher sedentary time and lower PA than their underweight, normal weight and overweight counterparts (P < 0.05). Significant difference for the CGPA between the underweight and obese adolescent boys was disappeared after controlling for the confounders (e.g., sedentary behavior and socioeconomic status). Overall, the normal weight adolescents represented better physical fitness performance than the underweight and overweight/obese adolescent boys. Although the underweight adolescents performed better in some physical fitness tests than their overweight/obese counterparts, however, significant differences were disappeared or reversed (such as sit and reach, standing long jump and run speed tests) after controlling for fat mass. Higher sedentary time and lower physical activity in the obese adolescent boys of this study was found. Academic performance of the adolescents was not significantly different among the weight statuses after controlling for the confounders. Furthermore, it seems not only overweight and obesity, but also underweight to be determinant of health-related physical fitness tests in the adolescents.
Prevention of diet-induced obesity in C57BL/BJ mice with addition of 2 % dietary green tea but not with cocoa or coffee to a high-fat diet
Authors: Cichello S. A. , Begg D. P. , Jois M. , Weisinger R. S.
Published: April 2019

Most of the fat oxidation effects of green tea have been observed in a beverage form. This study explored the use of green tea as feed formation in obese mice to protect against diet-induced obesity. Forty-eight adult C57BL/6J mice were randomised to either a control diet with 36.1 % w/w sucrose or a standard diet, except for the replacement of 2 % w/w of the sucrose dietary component (36.1 % sucrose in control) with 2 % w/w cocoa (34.1 % sucrose), 2 % w/w coffee, or 2 % w/w powdered Japanese green tea. At 16th week, body composition, plasma glucose, organ samples and bone mineral density were obtained. In comparison to the control group, only the 2 % green tea group displayed lower body weight (p < 0.01), body fat, liver weight (p < 0.05), hepatic lipid status and higher lean mass. The coffee group displayed lower body fat (p < 0.05) and the cocoa group lower plasma glucose (p < 0.05), but this was not substantiated by other parameters. Results of study indicate the antiobesity potential of green tea when consumed as 2 % (w/w %) of the diet probably by lipolysis and decreased systemic inflammation resulting from consumption of a high-fat, high-sucrose diet in obesity-prone strain of mice.
FILANTROPI ISLAM RUMAH SABILILLAH DAN PENANAMAN KARAKTER KEPEDULIAN SOSIAL PADA SISWA DI SDIT AN NAJAH JATINOM KLATEN
Authors: Munawar Zaid
Published: April 2019

The purposes of this research were (1) to describe the implementation of social ewareness character to students in SDIT An Najah Jatinom Klaten, (2) to describe the change in character building of social ewareness from students in SDIT An Najah Jatinom Klaten. This research was a qualitative research. Methods of data collection were conducted in four ways, namely (1) Observation, (2) Interview, (3) Documentation, (4) Questionnaire containing student social attitude at SDIT An Najah. The results of this research are: (1) the implementation of social character building of students in SDIT An Najah is done through socialization strategy, fundraising strategy and distribution strategy in Islamic philanthropy of Rumah Sabilillah, and (2) Islamic Filantrophy approach of Rumah Sabilillah able to improve character social awareness of students in SDIT A Najah, as evidenced by several things namely; the increasing of philanthropy fund of Rumah Sabilillah, the increasing of the mustahiq that can be supported, and the widespread use of philanthropy fund which is not only limited to the five excellent programs of Rumah Sabilillah, but also able to provide assistance to the construction of mosque in Jatinom subdistrict and surrounding area.
Cuestión nacional y nacionalismos en el Pensamiento social cristiano
Authors: Margenat Peralta Josep M.
Published: April 2019

Este estudio muestra de manera precisa que el Pensamiento social cristiano no legitima ni ampara las pretensiones nacionalistas. Desde una prolongada atención a la realidad antropológica y cultural de la nación por la Iglesia, que ha sido afirmada con intensidad y claridad desde la plena edad media, el magisterio social pontificio a lo largo del siglo XX se ha pronunciado reiteradas veces de forma crítica y atenta sobre el fenómeno del nacionalismo.
Peligro de los raudales para los usuarios de la vía pública en ciudades del Paraguay
Authors: Ruiz Diaz Cardoso Adriana , López Fernández Alfredo , Camaño Schettini Edith
Published: April 2019

Los raudales/avenidas en el Paraguay causan a menudo grandes problemas en las calles de las ciudades, no solamente importantes daños materiales, si no también causan decesos humanos, arrastrando vehículos y personas. Esta alarmante situación, nos llevó a estudiarla, pero no sólo como un número estadístico más, si no a entender la física de los fenómenos hidrodinámicos del flujo que escurre por nuestras calles tras un raudal. Para ello se eligió parametrizar las velocidades y los niveles encontrados en las calles durante fenómenos reales, con precipitaciones comunes mediante el procesamiento de imágenes de filmaciones por LSPIV (Large Scale Particle Image Velocimetry) y complementando con simulaciones numéricas tridimensionales CFD (Computational Fluid Dinamic), y luego compararlos con estudios realizados por otros autores en laboratorios. Los resultados encontrados arrojaron valores de velocidades y niveles críticos para transeúntes y vehículos, confirmando el peligro que se presenta en la vía pública durante estos eventos.
Research on Community Violence against Adolescents in Kosovo and related Variables
Authors: MUSTAFA Armen
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of this study was to
conduct a research about the prevalence of violence against adolescents in the
community, the types’ prevalence of the violence; people who the most frequent
use violence against adolescents, and the relationship between the types of
violence and adolescents’ demographic
factors (gender, age and residence). The study was conducted in a sample of 608
adolescents from 10 Pristina’s high schools, aged 15-18. For this study are
used quantitative methods in fact survey type, while as the main instrument for
data collection was used the questionnaire. The study's findings show that 9
out of 10 adolescents have experienced community violence (approximately 92%),
of whom 1 out of 9 adolescents high-level violence. From the types of violence,
psychological violence is the most prevalent violence followed by violence
against property, physical violence and sexual violence. The results of the
study show that people who use more violence against adolescents are their
peers, then adults and at the lowest level of violence are used by certain
groups. Males, whether they are peers or adults, are the ones who use more
violence against adolescents than females. When we talking about demographic
characteristics and their relation to the types’ prevalence of the violence, gender and residence of adolescents
results to have an impact only on physical violence, but not on the other types
of violence, while adolescents’ age, being almost the same, results without any
impact on the types’ prevalence of the violence. Concerning these findings, have
been addressed specific recommendations, the main purpose of which is to raise
awareness and prevent violence in society in general and to children and youth
in particular.
Neoplasia Maligna da Próstata: Tendência da Mortalidade em Petrópolis-RJ, 1980-2012
Authors: De Oliveira Thaís Lopes , Nunes Lélia Cápua , Lopes Taís de Souza
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A neoplasia maligna da próstata é o segundo tipo de câncer mais incidente entre os homens e, em 2012, foram estimados 1,1 milhão de casos novos e 300 mil mortes no mundo. Possíveis fatores de risco para ocorrência desse tipo de câncer são a idade e a história familiar. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência da mortalidade por câncer de próstata em Petrópolis, no período compreendido entre 1980 e 2012. Método: Foi realizado um estudo ecológico de série temporal. Os dados de mortalidade foram coletados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (SIM/MS/DATASUS ) e os dados de população, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE).  As taxas de mortalidade foram padronizadas por faixa etária, por método direto. Para avaliar a tendência temporal da mortalidade, foi utilizado o método de regressão de Prais-Winsten no qual as taxas de mortalidade padronizadas log-transformadas foram consideradas como variável dependente (y) e os anos analisados como variável independente (x). Resultados: A taxa média padronizada de mortalidade por câncer de próstata, correspondente ao período de 1980 a 2012, foi de 104,6 por 100 mil homens. A mortalidade, ao longo dos anos estudados, apresentou tendência crescente estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05), aumentando de 55,4, em 1980, para 114,3, em 2012. Conclusão: As tendências das taxas de mortalidade por câncer de próstata no município foram crescentes e significativas, o que remonta à necessidade de formulação de um diagnóstico regional, para elucidar as causas desse comportamento e propor estratégias de ação.
Prevalência de Ansiedade e Depressão em Pacientes Oncológicos e Identificação de Variáveis Predisponentes
Authors: Ferreira Andreia Silva , Bicalho Bruna Pereira , Neves Luiza Figueiredo Gramiscelli , Menezes Marcella Torres , Silva Thais Andressa , Faier Thiago Aguiar , Machado Richardson Miranda
Published: April 2019

Introdução: O diagnóstico de câncer pode ser acompanhado de transtornos psiquiátricos como a ansiedade e a depressão. Objetivo: Avaliar a ocorrência de depressão e ansiedade em paciente oncológicos, além de analisar as associações entre as variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas e as comorbidades psiquiátricas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico-descritivo, no qual foram selecionados de maneira aleatória prontuários de pacientes oncológicos em tratamento no hospital referência da Região Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais. Os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos (gênero, idade, tipo de câncer, tipo de tratamento e tempo de tratamento) foram coletados, e a amostra foi triada para depressão e ansiedade, por meio do Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), já validada para o Brasil. Os dados obtidos foram interpretados por frequência absoluta e relativa. Posteriormente, foram analisadas as associações por meio do Teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: A amostra é formada por 233 pacientes, sendo 65% mulheres; 55% dos entrevistados no setor de quimioterapia; e 37% com até três anos de tratamento. Entre os entrevistados, foram encontrados 31,33% (IC 95%: 25,37-37,28) dos pacientes com ansiedade provável ou possível, e 26,18% (IC 95% 20,53-31,82) com depressão provável ou possível. Após correlação dos dados encontrados por meio do Qui-Quadrado, não se identificou diferença nos subgrupos, porém houve uma tendência maior a mulheres apresentarem depressão. Conclusão: A ansiedade e depressão são distúrbios prevalentes em pacientes oncológicos. Neste estudo, mais de um quarto dos pacientes demonstram componentes de transtorno psicológico (26,18% ansiedade e 31,33% depressão), tendo um predomínio de depressão em mulheres.
Estudio comparativo binacional del sector empresarial del Departamento de Nariño en Colombia y la Provincia del Carchi en Ecuador
Authors: Terán Roser Gustavo Javier
Published: April 2019

La presente investigación analiza al sector empresarial de las principales ciudades fronterizas entre Colombia y Ecuador, la ciudad de Ipiales ubicada en el Departamento de Nariño - Colombia y la ciudad de Tulcán, ubicada en la Provincia del Carchi - Ecuador, esta investigación parte de la investigación macro sobre problemática binacional colombo ecuatoriana que lleva a cabo la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi UPEC y la Escuela de Administración Pública de Colombia ESAP, este análisis investiga específicamente la formalidad del sector empresarial y al personal ocupado por actividad económica del sector empresarial de las dos ciudades, mediante indicadores duros y de percepción. Utilizando la información del Censo Nacional Económico del Ecuador realizado por el Instituto Ecuatoriano de Estadísticas y Censos, y del Estudio Económico Empresarial de la ciudad de Ipiales, realizado por la Cámara de Comercio de Ipiales, se realizó un análisis comparativo de la situación económica de las dos ciudades. Existen diferencias significativas entre el personal ocupado de las dos ciudades y se comparten las mismas actividades económicas.
Chinese Dissident Game Two Players between the U.S. and China PRC
Authors: Tekunan Susy
Published: April 2019

The paper analyzes the decision that the U.S. took upon the request of a Chinese dissent requesting for asylum when the U.S. Secretary of State came to China for a diplomatic visit. The analytical paper extracted the international issue between two contending countries using the game theory to consider the implication and thus to find a solution to the conundrum. Game theory allows for positive results if it is a repeated game but for this rare situation it is not likely that it is a regular game to be repeated over time. While this event is in the past, a similar situation may arise that could use the signaling and strategic decision making process by using this practical yet rarely applied method.
Poverty and the Linkage to Criminal Enhancement and Human Trafficking in Cambodia
Authors: Ardiyanti Dwi
Published: April 2019

Poverty relates to other problems in the worlds. Cambodia as one of the developing counrtries faced human trafficking problems caused by poverty post civil war. It should be solved first before it compete with other countries in globalization era. The effort of government is important and should be conducted with the cooperation among all agents.
Perancangan Explainer Video Universitas Ma Chung Sebagai Inovasi Media Promosi
Authors: Rahmadianto Sultan Arif , Andito Tegar
Published: April 2019

Along with increasingly intense competition between universities in particular private universities. A university must have an branding of good and always trying to improve and maintain it. Universitas Ma Chung is an university located in Malang, East Java has made efforts increased promotional activities but the selected strategy still belongs to the public. The use of a common promotional strategy as done by other universities make positioning the Universitas Ma Chung becomes less strong. Explainer videos are a most attractive media in explaining about who or what is being worked on and promote a business at a time. Through the explainer videos, Universitas Ma Chung will be facilitated in the activities of promotion and branding. A method of designing explainer videos using qualitative approaches include discovery, script, storyboard, animation, and delivery. The results of the design produce alternative media promotion explainer videos-shaped with the aim of increasing awareness of Universitas Ma Chung.
Real Estate Sale: The Predominance of Economic Substance over Legal Form in Some Jurisdictions is Problematic
Authors: N. A. Mislavskaya , S. N. Polenova , L. V. Sotnikova
Published: April 2019

In recent years, when selling real estate objects, Russian organizations use the account “goods shipped” recommended by the national regulator for use in this case, the balance of which in the balance sheet relates to current assets. In connection with the amendments to the Tax code of the Russian Federation, the use of this account is doubtful, as it is necessary to apply the requirement of priority of the economic nature of transactions over their legal form. In practice, most Russian companies are serious about compliance with the requirements of the regulator, as a result of which, actually sold real estate is reflected in the same section of the balance sheet, which reflects the fixed assets only intended for sale. The authors studied the annual financial statements of many major Russian companies, including the provisions of their accounting policies, and the order of reflection in the financial statements of real estate, state registration of a new owner, which occurred in the next reporting period. The study showed that most organizations do not disclose their accounting policies on this issue, which indicates that they follow the recommendations of the regulator, in the minority there are organizations that make the appropriate disclosure of accounting policies, but the position of accounting policies coincides with the opinion of the regulator. In the article the authors suggest ways to solve the situation.
The Role of Ratio Profits as the Improvement of Realization of KPR BTN Credit in PT. BTN (Persero) Tbk.
Authors: Fauzi Achmad
Published: April 2019

Mortgages are used as credit services provided by banks to customers who want a special loan to meet the needs in the construction of houses or home renovations that must be in accordance with the procedures that have been specified as a condition of completeness of KPR. Data collection methods in the preparation of this research is a qualitative research method with one case study in calculating the profit generated by Bank BTN (Bank Tabungan Negara) can be calculated by using the ratio. One of the ratios used is the profitability ratio. In the ratio of profitability, there are ratios such as: ROA (Return On Asset), ROE (Return On Equity), NIM (Net Interest Margin), and BOPO (Operational Cost). To find out the ROA (Return On Asset) ratio, net income after tax and income is required. As for calculating ROE (Return On Equity) ratio required net income after interest and taxes and capital. And for NIM (Net Interest Margin) ratio required total net profit after tax and income, while BOPO (Operational Cost) required operational and operational income. Analysis of financial statements is very important to do because at this stage the financial statements that have been calculated on the ratio already described, the ratio results obtained by PT. Bank BTN (Bank Tabungan Negara) may be decided to comply with the provisions of the BI standard provisions.
Political and Religious Contributions in Economic Development
Authors: Kian Lia
Published: April 2019

The great conclusion of this paper is to prove the synergy between religion and politics in the economic development of a State. The more polarized the system of ethical-religious and political beliefs, the more help the economic development of a State. Based on the discourse on the religion and politics of the author in the direction of Beng-Lan Goh (2006), Wilson Erin K (2014), and Melleuish Gregory (2014) explaining the ideology of the state as an alternative logic forming religious symbolism from capitalist exploitation or commoditization, the best civilian politics in serving the people's welfare by rejecting the dichotomy of morality and interest systems, as well as religious and political understanding limits the capacity of religious clerics and actors in their significant influence on religious actions and rituals to the political sphere that greatly affects economic growth. The authors oppose the opinions of Bin Hassan (2007), San Juan (2011), Martinelli (2013) and Faux Jeff (2004) explaining that Effects of Islamic revival around the world in the competition of political power that directly and indirectly contribute to the development of Islam in politics, the United States and transnational geopolitical interests as a consequence of the contradiction between emerging and conservative nationalist impulses, the United States Congress that has successfully influenced key decisions on regulatory policy, has so far weakened existing systems and American economic politics flourish across borders, the same that happens in today's globalized economy. The data used in this paper comes from secondary data obtained from books, magazines, the Internet and other documentation relating to the study of the problems and this paper. This writing is descriptive qualitative with the approach of the research library.
El pensamiento filosófico de Luis Villoro y el movimiento político de Cherán ante las adversidades en el contexto mexicano
Authors: Torres Soto Walkiria
Published: April 2019

El presente texto pretende hacer una breve revisión del desarrollode la filosofía en México y su relación con el pensamientoy la praxis de las culturas originarias en el país.Para ello, se partirá del trabajo realizado por Luis Villoro conrespecto al indigenismo y se reseñará el caso del municipioautónomo de Cherán, siendo éste un pueblo p´urhépecha delestado de Michoacán. De esta manera, se mostrará la contribucióndel filósofo al estudio e incorporación del pensamientoindígena dentro de la tradición filosófica del país y se recobrarán,para el ejercicio filosófico, los testimonios, saberesy acciones de los mismos indígenas para hacer frente a lasadversidades del mundo contemporáneo.
La educación estética
Authors: Salazar Ortíz Víctor Hugo
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo se expondrá la situación en la cual se encuentra una persona que enfrenta el mundo artístico sin un conocimiento elemental de éste: pretende descifrarlo como lo hace cotidianamente con su mundo, hasta descubrir que el mundo artístico no opera de igual manera que el mundo real. Así es que su ignorancia lo lleva a una imposibilidad de comprensión y, por lo tanto, a una insensibilidad estética de la obra. Por último se hará una reﬂexión sobre lo importante que es complementar la formación personal con una educación estética, más que con un entrenamiento artístico.
Propiedades localizadas
Authors: Rodríguez Nieto Fabián
Published: April 2019

Las propiedades como elementos de un inventario ontológico pueden aparecer en él de dos maneras: como entidades abstractas o como entidades concretas. En la presente discusión se trata de motivar la tesis que es preferible concebirlas como entidades concretas. La primera razón es que así conceptualizadas las propiedades concretas tienen superioridad explicativa sobre las propiedades abstractas en cuanto al perfil causal y la semejanza entre los objetos. La segunda razón tiene que ver con que epistémicamente tiene más sentido proponer una postura de propiedades concretas.
Las trampas del «yo» o sobre una «guerra sin memoria ni memoriales»
Authors: De la Fuente Lora Gerardo , Flores Farfán Leticia
Published: April 2019

¿Qué ocurriría si nos planteáramos la posibilidad de salirnos de una subjetividad interior entrampada en el teatro de la crueldad? ¿Qué pasaría si aceptáramos por fin que no somos cada uno más que una pluralidad de simulacros, encantadores artificios en representaciones sin fin de múltiples papeles? Tal vez podríamos comprender con mayor fuerza esa concepción del «ser como mirar» que se remonta a la antigüedad griega. Hacernos cómplices de esta idea es abrirnos a una nueva legalidad de la subjetividad con la cual no llenamos el hueco ni accedemos, por fin, a esa escena original siempre ausente en tanto que nunca acontecida, sino que entramamos nuestra identidad en un juego de apariciones en donde no somos seres ni exteriores ni interiores, sino más bien espectros, fantasmas por fin alcanzados, sueños realizados.
Genealogía y crítica de la moral en Nietzsche: la tesis de la voluntad de poder como su hilo conductor
Authors: Chávez Gallo Jorge Alfonso
Published: April 2019

El autor argumenta que Nietzsche entiende la dinámica social como una lucha constante entre voluntades de poder. Pero esto nosignifica que la ley que rige sea la del más fuerte, en sentido lato, sino que el poderío va más allá de la fuerza. Toda manifestación vital, en la medida en que la vida misma es voluntad de poder, es una lucha, y las treguas y los contratos sociales no son sino momentos de la lucha, distribución de poderes, conformaciones de unidades de poder. En este sentido, la teoría contractualista es parcial para Nietzsche, porque no abarca todos los matices del poder, e ingenua en tanto que sólo tiene a la vista el equilibrio entre la felicidad de los individuos y la justicia, entendida como lo que hace posible la convivencia en una sociedad.
Conciencia y paralelismo en Spinoza
Authors: García Muñoz Luis Ángel
Published: April 2019

El papel de la conciencia en Spinoza no radica en la distinción entre hombres y demás individuos como aﬁ rma Curley, sino en los grados de perfección entre ellos. Para esto, apelaremos al naturalismo incremental propuesto por Garrett  y defenderemos que Bennett y Curley tienen una visión del paralelismo inadecuada dado que las modiﬁ caciones de los atributos expresan no a la substancia, sino a una cosa singular debido a una confusión entre la doctrina del paralelismo y la de identidad de modo en Spinoza.
¿Qué clase de creencias es posible atribuirle al escéptico pirrónico?
Authors: García Muñoz Luis Ángel
Published: April 2019

Parto del siguiente supuesto: el escéptico pirrónico tiene como objetivo la ataraxia que se consigue a través de la suspensión del juicio —es decir, a través de la suspensión de las creencias sobre el mundo. Analizo distintas definiciones de creencia y juzgo cuál de ellas es la más compatible con lo expuesto por Sexto Empírico; todo esto para responder si el escéptico suspende el juicio de todas sus creencias o sólo de algunas. Finalmente, defenderé que Sexto no se comprometería con una definición restringida de «creer»; por lo que, para atribuirle creencias, tendríamos que optar por un sentido amplio de creencia que dependa de los múltiples usos del término y no de una definición rígida.
REKOMENDASI PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN KARIR BERDASARKAN TALENTA PEGAWAI PT X
Authors: Alan Falihin Mohammad Mizmara
Published: April 2019

Career management became a priority for improvement in X Company Employee surveys in 2014. Unfortunately, career planning has not been focused in human resource management. The study aimed to provide recommendations for employee planning and career development planning in the X Company. This descriptive research used cross sectional design. Data was taken through literature study, observation and document review. This study proves the importance of career management in the X Company. Career management is one element in the preparation of talent pool. Through good career management, it will have a positive impact for both the company and the individual itself. X Company is expected to conduct a more in-depth study on the formulation and implementation of career planning and development that will be implemented in the X Company and involves employees, human resource development, and organizations in the formulation and implementation.