bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the performance of Agricultural Sector in India
Authors: Priscilla Laishram , Balakrishnan Arsha , Lalrinsangpuii Lalrinsangpuii , Chauhan A. K.
Published: June 2017

The time series data at all India level on area, production and productivity of foodgrains, production and per capita availability of milk and eggs and production of meat were compiled and a decade wise analysis of growth rate, instability index and decomposition analysis was done to study the performance of agriculture sector. During the overall period, the area under food grains showed negative growth whereas production and productivity growth was positive. For milk and egg, both production and per capita availability showed positive growth. Meat production showed a positively significant growth rate. Growth rate in area, production and productivity of both vegetables and fruits was positive. In general, for foodgrains, the yield effect was higher than the area effect which could be attributed to increased use of high yielding varieties. For vegetables and fruits, the contribution of area effect was more than that of yield and the interaction effect suggesting that measures should be taken to improve their productivity.
Efficacy of white muscardine fungus (Beauveria bassiana) on rice hispa (Dicladispa armigera)
Authors: Sharma Rupesh , Ram Lakhi , Devi Renu
Published: June 2017

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. on the adults of rice hispa [Dicladispa armigera (Olivier)] (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), under controlled conditions (25±1.00°C temperature and 80±1.00% relative humidity). The efficacy of B. bassiana was found to reduce gradually with an increase in the period of release of rice hispa adults after spraying the fungus. Simultaneous release of adults after spray (0h) and 12h later resulted in adult mortality 93.33 and 83.33 per cent, were statistically superior over other treatments and found as a potential bio-agent against D. armigera. The fungus was highly pathogenic and the LT50 was observed at 5.50 days. White frosty mycelia growth covered the entire body surface including the appendages of the adults.
Editorial
Authors: Alvar Ezquerra Jaime
Published: June 2017

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Las mujeres, sus bienes y estado civil, entre costumbres y legislación. Las jefas de familia de la campaña de Buenos Aires de los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Contente Claudia
Published: June 2017

En el mundo hispanoamericano de los siglos XVIII y XIX el marco jurídico y el consenso social implicaban que mientras los hombres acaparaban el poder de actuar y decidir por la familia y sus bienes, las mujeres ocupaban –al menos idealmente- un lugar discreto, subordinado y sumiso pasando de la tutela del padre a la del marido, adquiriendo una total capacidad de acción en el caso de ser viudas. Es bien sabido que ese ideal estaba lejos de reflejar la realidad, que las mujeres solían trabajar a la par de los hombres o por su cuenta y que sus respectivas vidas y situaciones conocían fuertes contrastes según los diversos sectores sociales.
Basándonos en la información que se desprende de los censos y repartos sucesorios en dos zonas de la campaña de Buenos Aires durante ese periodo, abordaremos la situación de las mujeres en general y en particular de las viudas que se encontraban al frente de su grupo doméstico: analizaremos un aspecto acotado, el de la relación con sus bienes y la capacidad concreta de que disponían según su estado civil para emprender acciones relacionadas con dichos bienes o decidir sobre su transmisión.
Divorces in a Multiethnic and Multiconfessional Environment. A Case Study on the Transylvania in the 20th century
Authors: Crăciun Bogdan , Mârza Daniela , Hărăguș Mihaela
Published: June 2017

Abstract: This study aims to present and discuss some of theissues relating to the stability of (ethnically and confessionally) mixed marriages in interwar Cluj, including the impact of the ideological atmosphere and the political context on domestic life and the vulnerability of a couple’s relationship to social pressures. The choice of period allows the examination of interethnic relations in an interwar period, where notions like nationalism, xenophobia, and eugenics made and unmade governments. The choice of location too allows the study of interethnic relations in a city inhabited by four considerably populous ethnic groups and seven confessions.By using a sample of 2,500 marriages contracted in 1922, 1930, and 1938, the analysis aims at assessing the duration of marriages in relation to their types (monogamous or mixed) and several independent variables, such as age at marriage and the spouses’ professional status.Key words: Divorce, intermarriage, Transylvania, Cluj, interwarResumen: El presente trabajo busca presentar y discutir algunos de los temas relacionados con la estabilidad de matrimonios mixtos (entre etnias y confesiones religiosas) durante el periodo de entreguerras en Cluj. Estos temas incluyen la influencia de la ideología y el contexto político sobre la vida doméstica y la vulnerabilidad de la relación de pareja frente a las presiones sociales. El periodo estudiado permite el análisis de las relaciones interétnicas de entreguerras, en una época en la que conceptos tales como nacionalismo, xenofobia y eugenesia alzaban y derrumbaban gobiernos. El lugar estudiado, además, permite el examen de las relaciones interétnicas en una ciudad habitada por cuatro grupos étnicos notablemente numerosos y siete confesiones religiosas.El análisis de una muestra de 2500 matrimonios contraídos en 1922, 1930 y 1938 intenta relacionar la duración de los matrimonios con el tipo (monógamo o mixto) y con otras variables tales como la edad al casarse y la situación profesional de los cónyuges.Palabras clave: Divorcio, matrimonio mixto, Transilvania, Cluj, entreguerras
Política industrial como política de inovação: notas sobre hiato tecnológico, políticas, recursos e atividades inovativas no Brasil
Authors: Melo Tatiana Massaroli , Fucidji José Ricardo , Possas Mario Luiz
Published: June 2017

Este artigo discute uma dimensão central da política industrial em economias modernas e globalizadas: a política de inovação. A partir da abordagem evolucionista, é abordada a relação entre hiato tecnológico e competitividade. A seguir, a proposição central do texto é formulada, mostrando a relação entre política industrial, acumulação de competências tecnológicas e competitividade internacional. Esta orientação da política industrial, porém, deve ir além do fomento e da oferta de recursos (financeiros e humanos) para as atividades inovativas e ocupar-se dos determinantes do baixo esforço inovativo das empresas brasileiras.
Qual o efeito do apoio governamental à inovação sobre o gasto empresarial em P&D? Evidências do Brasil
Authors: Rocha Frederico
Published: June 2017

Este artigo objetiva medir os efeitos do apoio governamental à inovação sobre o investimento em P&D das empresas da indústria de transformação do Brasil. O trabalho utiliza microdados da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica, do IBGE, edições de 2005 e 2008. Observou-se que o apoio governamental não parece afetar positivamente os gastos em P&D, sugerindo, assim, que o apoio governamental vem sendo direcionado para iniciativas privadas que teriam ocorrido sem a interferência governamental. Argumenta-se, então, pela existência de um erro de foco na política de inovação e que uma postura mais associada à visão sistêmica da inovação deve ser adotada.
A (des)coordenação de políticas para a indústria de agrotóxicos no Brasil
Authors: Pelaez Victor Manoel , Da Silva Letícia Rodrigues , Guimarães Thiago André , Dal Ri Fabiano , Teodorovicz Thomaz
Published: June 2017

A evolução da indústria de agrotóxicos no Brasil está ligada a políticas agrícolas e industriais voltadas, principalmente, ao estímulo do consumo desses insumos. As políticas para a criação de um parque produtivo nesse ramo de atividade foram insuficientes em função de limitações das políticas de substituição de importações e da lógica de alocação das unidades fabris das empresas multinacionais que controlam o mercado em nível mundial. A criação de um marco regulatório mais rígido dos agrotóxicos tem sido foco de tensão e desarticulação de políticas, devido à intensificação do consumo e demanda de pleitos de registro. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a insuficiência ou a falta de coordenação de diferentes políticas que incidem sobre a indústria de agrotóxicos no Brasil. Propõe-se uma estratégia de coordenação voltada à promoção e combinação de condições de sustentabilidade e competitividade, tendo como foco o estímulo à inovação tecnológica.
Análise da interação universidade-empresa para o desenvolvimento inovativo a partir da perspectiva teórica institucionalista-evolucionária
Authors: Lemos Dannyela da Cunha , Cario Silvio Antonio Ferraz
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a interação universidade-empresa (U-E) para o desenvolvimento inovativo em Santa Catarina, por meio da perspectiva teórica institucionalistaevolucionária. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-explicativo de abordagem qualitativa, a partir de pesquisa de campo nas quatro maiores universidades de Santa Catarina. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas 38 entrevistas em profundidade. Os dados foram tratados por meio da análise de conteúdo categorial, com o apoio do software de análise de dados qualitativos Atlas/ti, segundo as categorias de análise dimensão individual (hábitos), dimensão coletiva (instituições), tecnologias físicas e tecnologias sociais. Os resultados apontaram que a interação U-E em Santa Catarina encontra-se bastante condicionada à dimensão individual, de maneira que a aproximação com o setor produtivo e o estabelecimento de parcerias não se configuram de fato como uma estratégia institucional, mas refletem ações isoladas de pesquisadores, grupos de pesquisa ou departamentos.
AKTIVITAS ANTIPROLIFERASI ISOLAT 4 EKSTRAK PETROLEUM ETER DAUN Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. PADA SEL KANKER SERVIKS MANUSIA (HeLa)
Authors: Utami Dwi
Published: June 2017

Kanker serviks merupakan penyebab kematian kedua wanita di Indonesia setelah kanker payudara. Mahkota dewaPhaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl telah dikenal oleh masyarakat dan digunakan secara tradisional untuk pengobatan kanker. Ekstrak petroleum eter daun mahkota dewa menunjukkan aktivitas antiproliferasi pada sel kanker serviks manusia (HeLa) dengan IC50 9 µg/ml (Kintoko dan Hawariah, 2007). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiproliferasi isolat 4 ekstrak petroleum eter terhadap sel kanker serviks manusia (HeLa).Serbuk daun mahkota dewa disokletasi dengan petroleum eter, kemudian difraksi dengan etil asetat hingga diperoleh fraksi etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat dilakukan kromatografi preparatif dengan fase gerak heksana : etil asetat (9:1). Aktivitas antiproliferasi terhadap sel HeLa ditetapkan harga LC50dan doubling time melalui uji sitotoksik dan pengamatan kinetika proliferasi dengan metode MTT.Hasil isolasi dengan kromatografi preparatif diperoleh lima isolat masing-masing dengan harga Rf : 0,05 ; 0,10 ; 0,20 ; 0,60 ; dan 0,90. Harga LC50 dari isolat 4 adalah sebesar 82,091 µg/ml. Isolat 4 menunjukkan penghambatan pertumbuhan sel HeLa dengan memperpanjang doubling time (16,495 jam) dibanding kontrol sel (10,170 jam).
HIDRORENGKAH METIL ESTER ASAM LEMAK (MEPO) MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT ALAM TERAKTIVASI HYDROCRACKING OF FATTY ACID METIL ESTER (FAME) USING ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE
Authors: Mahardiani Lina , Kurniawan Enggar , Trisunaryanti Wega , Triyono Triyono
Published: June 2017

Dalam upaya untuk menghasilkan rantai pendek hidrokarbon yang berasal dari minyak sawit, telah dilakukan hidrorengkah metil ester asam lemak (MEPO) menggunakan katalis nikel yang diembankan pada zeolit alam aktif (NZA). Zeolit alam (NZ) perlakuan asam dilanjutkan dengan kalsinasi selama 1 jam pada suhu 500 oC diperoleh katalis NZA. Impregnasi Ni menggunakan prekusor Ni(NO3)2.6H2O dilakukan dengan memvariasikan kandungan Ni sebesar 2,5 dan 8% dari berat NZA yang menghasilkan katalis Ni/NZA2, Ni/NZA5 dan Ni/NZA8. Hidrorengkah metil ester asam lemak dilakukan pada reaktor fixed-bed. Kondisi reaksi meliputi waktu retensi 30 menit, laju alir gas hidrogen 20 ml/min dan suhu reaksi 400, 450 dan 500 oC. Produk cair hasil reaksi hidrorengkah dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas (GC). Dari proses uji aktivitas katalis didapatkan persentase produk optimum pada jenis katalis Ni/NZA8, yaitu fraksi bensin 29,85% dan fraksi solar 18,03% pada temperatur 500 oC.
Monthly and Diurnal Variation of the Concentrations of Aerosol Surface Area in Fukuoka, Japan, Measured by Diffusion Charging Method
Authors: Kiriya Miho , Okuda Tomoaki , Yamazaki Hana , Hatoya Kazuki , Kaneyasu Naoki , Uno Itsushi , Nishita Chiharu , Hara Keiichiro , Hayashi Masahiko , Funato Koji , Inoue Kozo , Yamamoto Shigekazu , Yoshino Ayako , Takami Akinori
Published: June 2017

Observation of the ambient aerosol surface area concentrations is important to understand the aerosol toxicity because an increased surface area may be able to act as an enhanced reaction interface for certain reactions between aerosol particles and biological cells, as well as an augmented carrier surface for co-pollutants. In this study, the concentration of aerosol surface area was measured from April 2015 to March 2016 in Fukuoka, Japan. We investigated the monthly and diurnal variations in the correlations between the aerosol surface area and black carbon (BC) and sulfate concentrations. Throughout the year, aerosol surface area concentration was strongly correlated with the concentrations of BC, which has relatively large surface area since BC particles are usually submicron agglomerates consisting of much smaller (tens of nanometers) sized primary soot particles. The slopes of the regression between the aerosol surface area and BC concentrations was highest in August and September 2015. This appears to have been the results of an increase in the proportion of the airmass that originated on the main islands of Japan. This may enhance the introduction of the BC from the main islands of Japan that is relatively fresh (or “uncoated”), thereby maintaining its larger surface area.
ACOMPANHAMENTO FARMACOTERAPÊUTICO DE PACIENTES EM USO DE VARFARINA: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Colet Christiane De Fátima , Amador Tania Alves , Heineck Isabela
Published: June 2017

Introdução: A varfarina é um dos anticoagulantes orais (ACO) mais utilizados na atenção primária a saúde. Com janela terapêutica estreita, exibe grande variabilidade de resposta farmacológica, e grande suscetibilidade de eventos adversos, como sangramentos e tromboembolismo venoso. Objetivos: realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico de pacientes ambulatoriais em uso de varfarina. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão. As palavras-chaves usadas para a seleção dos artigos foram: Varfarina, Acompanhamento, Farmácia Clínica, Anticolagulantes orais. Resultados: O uso de varfarina está associado com eventos adversos, sendo a mais frequentes as hemorragias, que podem ser prevenidas com monitorização do INR. A monitoração da coagulação sanguínea é de extrema importância para controlar a eficácia e a adesão do paciente ao tratamento com o anticoagulante. Em um ambulatório multiprofissional para pacientes em tratamento com varfarina identificou-se um aumento do percentual de pacientes com INR na faixa terapêutica com o prolongamento do tempo de acompanhamento no ambulatório. Pacientes atendidos em clínicas de anticoagulação tendem a apresentar mais valores de INR na faixa terapêutica variando de 60 a 88%. Outro resultado importante relacionado com as clínicas foi a menor frequência de INRs supra terapêuticos e maior tempo na faixa terapêutica. Além disso, o acompanhamento por farmacêutico pode resultar em menores custos de cuidados e de eventos adversos relacionados com a anticoagulação, admissões hospitalares e busca por serviços de emergência. Quando os ACO são administrados por farmacêuticos, parece haver um tempo mais curto para estabilização da terapia e uma maior percentagem de tempo no intervalo terapêutico, bem como uma diminuição da frequência de erros de medicação, maior tempo na faixa de INR terapêutico, e redução das principais interações medicamentosas.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS NO ENSINO DA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Santos Elitiele Ortiz dos , Nunes Cristiane Kenes , Demarco Daiane De Aquino , Amestoy Simone Coelho
Published: June 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo relatar a experiência de pós-graduandas sobre a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas no processo de ensino/aprendizagem de graduandos de Enfermagem. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre o caso de papel fundamentado na metodologia da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas, com uma turma do 4º semestre da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, no mês de julho de 2013. O caso de papel é realizado em pequeno grupo com 12-15 estudantes e um professor/facilitador em dois encontros, no primeiro momento denominado de “abertura do caso” a situação problema é disparada e definida as questões de aprendizagem, as quais subsidiarão a busca de referencias para a construção de uma síntese do encontro seguinte, chamado de fechamento. Foram acompanhados quatro encontros, dentre aberturas e fechamentos. Observou-se uma construção conjunta do conhecimento, o aluno é considerado o protagonista e o professor atua como mediador deste processo de ensino/aprendizagem.
FORMAÇÃO DE TRABALHADORES PARA O MATRICIAMENTO EM SAÚDE MENTAL EM UM CENTRO DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Duarte Maria de Lourdes Custódio , Charão Mariele , Comis Verydiana , Dos Santos Scholz Danielle Celi , Vale Michele Gonçalves
Published: June 2017

A parceria entre profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família, de Serviços Especializados em Saúde Mental e da Universidade possibilita novos modos de produzir saúde no território, através da formação dos trabalhadores para o matriciamento, em um processo de construção compartilhada. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de discentes vinculados ao Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho, Redes de Atenção, na formação de trabalhadores do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial do Município de Uruguaiana. Método: Estudo do tipo relato de experiência de discentes durante o processo de formação com sete profissionais do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial II Asas da Liberdade, localizado no Município de Uruguaiana, realizado no mês de novembro de 2012. Foi utilizado o diário de campo para os registros dos acadêmicos durante o processo de formação dos trabalhadores, no qual foram abordados os seguintes assuntos: matriciamento, rede de serviços, equipe de apoio, equipe de referência e trabalho em equipe. Resultados: Evidenciou-se uma carência de conhecimento dos trabalhadores sobre o matriciamento em saúde mental e todos os demais assuntos que estão implicados e que foram também trabalhados na formação. No entanto, os profissionais demonstraram disponibilidade para o aprendizado em momentos de trocas, reflexões e questionamentos. Considerações finais: Este processo de formação contribui para a transformação na formação profissional, aproximando os futuros trabalhadores da realidade dos serviços de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde, atendendo as necessidades de saúde da população. 
Parasitosis gastrointestinal y rendimiento académico en estudiantes del Colegio Nº 119, San Juan de Lurigancho, 2016
Authors: Alcedo Mora Carlos , Lopez Chamorro Karin Y. , Lozada Yupanqui Daniel M. , Pérez Mallaupoma Judit S. , Roblez Perez Paula M.
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de parasitosis gastrointestinal y rendimiento académico en estudiantes del Colegio Nº 119, San Juan de Lurigancho, 2016. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con un diseño de investigación correlacional de campo, durante el período de agosto a setiembre del 2016. Se trabajó con una muestra de 50 estudiantes del tercer y cuarto grado de primaria, con consentimiento informado de los padres. El análisis coproparasitológico se realizó mediante el método directo, método de concentración de Faust para el diagnóstico de parasitosis. Finalmente, se utilizó el rendimiento académico reportado por los docentes de cada sección bajo la escala de medición cualitativa del año 2016. Resultados: Las especies reportadas en el estudio fueron Blastocystis hominis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana e Hymenolepis nana. Se demostró que no existe asociación estadística entre la parasitosis gastrointestinal y rendimiento académico. Conclusión: La parasitosis gastrointestinal no se relaciona significativamente con el rendimiento académico, por lo que pueden existir otras variables que interfieran con este parámetro.
Chitosan mediated nanoparticles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its Mosquito Larvicidal Activity
Authors: Rajesh Patil , Mahadik Namita
Published: June 2017

Mosquitoes are one of the most medically significant groups of vectors, having an ability to transmit parasites and pathogens that can have devastating impacts on humans. In this study, chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized from chitosan polymer by ionic gelation method. The chitin was first extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and then deacetylated to chitosan. Silver nanopartcals were also prepared and the presence and characterization was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The comparative study of the larvicidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles and silvers was also studied which shows chitosan nanoparticles started  mortality at higher concentrations, it showed uniform rise in mortality of mosquito larvae than silver nanoparticles.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ASAL C.odorata TERHADAP SERAPAN HARA KALIUM DAN HASIL PADI LADANG
Authors: Munir Jamilah Munir
Published: June 2017

Efek pupuk organik Cair C.odorata terhadap serapan hara Kalium dan hasil padi ladang telah dilakukan penelitian sejak Mei  hingga November  2014, di lahan kering Kuranji, Kota Padang, sebagai sentra budidaya padi sawah dan palawija.  Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang.  Konsentrasi ditetapkan sebagai perlakuan utama dengan 2 taraf yaitu;C1. 20% dan C2 sebesar 10%. Sedangkan perlakuan tersarang terdiri atas interval aplikasi pupuk terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu, I1 setiap minggu, I2 setiap 2 minggu dan I3 setiap 3 minggu. Percobaan disusun dalam 18 petak, dengan ukuran petak sebesar 2 x 2 meter persegi, parameter pengamatan meliputi; tinggi tanaman, anakan produktif, angkutan hara kalium dan hasil padi.  Dari percobaan yang telah dilakukan dapat dissimpulkan bahwa pemberian 20%  POC C.odorata yang diberikan setiap 3 minggu sekali mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil padi ladang. Pada aplikasi interval 3 minggu sekali, dengan konsentrasi 20% POC meningkatkan serapan harak Kalium dan hasil gabah kering sebesar 11,14% dibandingkan tanaman yang diaplikasi dengan konsentrasi 10%  POC.

 
Short- and Long-Term Bond Strength Between Resin Cement and Glass-Ceramic Using a Silane-Containing Universal Adhesive
Authors: Murillo-Gómez F , Rueggeberg FA , De Goes MF
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various silane-containing solutions on bonding between resin cement and glass ceramic after 24 hours and after six months of water storage. Glass-ceramic plaques (IPS e.max CAD) were sandblasted with aluminum oxide, etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF), and divided into five “silane treatment” groups: RelyX Ceramic Primer (RCP), RelyX Ceramic Primer and Single Bond Plus (RCP+SB), Scotchbond Universal (SBU), Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CP), and no solution (HF-only control). Each group was divided into two “storage time” subgroups: 24 hours or six months in 37°C water. Eighteen resin cement cylinders (RelyX Ultimate) were bonded to each treatment group substrate (n=18) and then subjected to microshear testing. Failure mode was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Debond data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05) as well as Weibull distributions. The factors “silane treatment,” “storage time,” (p<0.0001), and their interaction were statistically significant (p<0.0010). Group means (MPa±SD), RCP (24 hours: 27.2±3.1; six months: 18.0±4.9), and HF-only control (24 hours: 21.1±3.4; six months: 15.7±5.8) showed a reduced bond strength after six months of water storage, while RCP + SB (24 hours: 23.4±4.4; six months: 22.2±5.4), SBU (24 hours: 18.8±3.0; six months: 17.2±3.6), and CP (24 hours: 21.7±4.3; six months: 17.4±4.8) remained constant. Weibull analysis revealed that more reliable bond strengths were obtained after six months for SBU and RCP + SB. Evaluation by scanning electron microscopy revealed that all groups demonstrated hydrolytic degradation at six months of storage, but RCP + SB and SBU indicated less. Use of a separate application of silane and adhesive system improved short and long-term ceramic/resin cement bond strength.
Influence of Different Curing Modes on Polymerization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Cured Provisional Resins
Authors: Shibasaki S , Takamizawa T , Suzuki T , Nojiri K , Tsujimoto A , Barkmeier WW , Latta MA , Miyazaki M
Published: June 2017

This study determined the influence of curing mode on polymerization behavior and mechanical properties of dual-cured provisional resins. Three dual-cured bisacryl-based provisional resins were used: Tempsmart (TS; GC Corp), Luxatemp Automix Solar (LX; DMG Chemisch Pharmazeutishe Fabrik GmbH), and Integrity Multi·Cure (IG; Dentsply Caulk). A self-cured bisacryl-based provisional resin, Protemp Plus (PP; 3M ESPE) and a conventional poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) provisional resin, Unifast III (UF; GC Corp) were used as controls. The inorganic filler content and coefficients of linear thermal expansion of the test materials were measured. Six specimens of each material were used to determine the flexural strength, elastic modulus, and resilience. The changes in ultrasound velocity during polymerization were measured. The average inorganic filler contents of the provisional resins, apart from UF, ranged from 24.4 to 39.3 wt%. The highest inorganic filler content was determined for LX, whereas TS showed the lowest value among the tested materials. The average coefficients of thermal expansion of the tested provisional resins ranged from 77.3 to 107.7 (×10−6/°C). TS and IG showed significantly lower thermal expansions than the other tested provisional resins. The mean flexural strengths of the provisional resins ranged from 70.4 to 122.6 MPa, the mean elastic moduli ranged from 1.8 to 3.7 GPa, and the mean resilience of the provisional resins ranged from 1.1 to 2.3 MJ/mm3, respectively. Dual-cured provisional resins showed significantly higher flexural strengths than the PMMA resin. However, in all cases, the light-curing mode showed significantly higher flexural strengths than the self-curing mode. In the initial polymerization phase, dual-cured resins in the light-curing mode showed a rapid increase in the speed of sound (V) during light irradiation, followed by a slower increase. Conversely, the dual-cured resins in the self-curing mode showed a slower initial increase, followed by a rapid increase. Although no significant difference in V was observed between 10 and 15 minutes in the light-curing mode of all tested dual-cured resins, a significantly higher V value was obtained at 15 minutes than at 10 minutes in the self-curing modes for LX and IG. Regardless of the curing mode, tested dual-cured provisional resins showed superior mechanical properties than the conventional PMMA provisional resin. However, dual-cured provisional resin flexural properties and polymerization behavior were affected by the curing mode. This study indicated that the light-curing mode might be recommended for all dual-cured provisional resins because of the enhancement of their mechanical properties and reduction of chair time.
Nitrous Oxide and Midazolam Sedation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan Gowri , Sridharan Kannan
Published: June 2017

Nitrous oxide and midazolam have been used as sedative agents to decrease fear and anxiety associated with dental procedures. Although these agents have been widely used individually, the combination of the two is also commonly used. Four clinical trials were identified that compared the combination technique with the individual use of the drugs. The standardized mean difference (SMD) for each outcome measure was considered for final analysis. Three studies with 534 participants were included in the final meta-analysis, and the SMD [95% CI] was obtained as −0.15 [−0.32, 0.03] and was not statistically significant for cooperation scores. Two studies reported the dose of midazolam required for inducing sedation in 450 participants, and the pooled estimate of SMD [95% CI] was obtained as −0.29 [−0.48, −0.10] and was significant. Two studies with 450 participants reported the time taken to recover from sedation, and the pooled estimate of SMD [95% CI] was obtained as −0.20 [−0.39, −0.01] and favored the combination technique. To conclude, the combination technique combines the pros and cons of both drugs in causing fewer adverse effects due to midazolam by reducing the total dose and also helps to provide better acceptance of nitrous oxide inhalation.
Anesthetic Management Using a Laryngeal Mask Airway in a Child With Congenital Bronchial Atresia
Authors: Gomi Yuki , Taguchi Asuka , Matsunari Sahoko , Iwamoto Taisuke , Kawamoto Yui , Tachikawa Satoshi , Masuda Rikuo , Gotoh Kinuko , Iijima Takehiko
Published: June 2017

Congenital bronchial atresia is a relatively rare malformation that causes a segmental obstruction of the bronchus during the fetal period. The peripheral lung distal from the obstructed bronchus becomes hyperinflated because of the unidirectional flow through collateral check-valve entry. Positive pressure ventilation during general anesthesia may cause a rupture of the bulla, resulting in pneumothorax. An 8-year-old girl, who had to undergo oral surgery, was diagnosed as having congenital bronchial atresia and one-fifth of her lung was poorly ventilated. We planned to perform general anesthesia under spontaneous respiration using a laryngeal mask, which was well tolerated.
PEMBAHARUAN KONSEP MAQÂSID AL-SYARÎ’AH DALAM PEMIKIRAN MUHAMAMAD THÂHIR IBN ‘ÂSYÛR
Authors: Tohari Chamim
Published: June 2017

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pemikiran maqâshid al-syarî’ah Muhammad Thâhir Ibn ‘Âsyûr. Untuk membatasi kajian ini, penulis memfokuskan hanya pada dua masalah pokok, yakni; Pertama, bagaimana konsep maqâshid syari’ah sebelum datangnya Ibn Asyur? Kedua, bagaimana konstruks pemikiran maqâshid al-syarî’ah yang digagas Ibn Asyur? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan content analysis sebagai metode analisisnya. Sumber kajian ini adalah pemikiran maqâshid Ibn ‘Âsyûr yang termuat dalam karyanya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, sebelum masa Ibn Asyur, pemikiran maqâshid al-syarî’ah telah menemukan bentuknya dalam beberapa kategori yang terkenal dengan istilah al-ushûl al-khamsah, dimana masing-masing Dari prinsip dasar tersebut memiliki tingkatan dharûriyât, al-hâjiyât, dan tahsînat/al-tazyînat. Kedua, pada masa Ibn Asyur, pemikiran maqâshid al-syariah mengalami pembaharuan hingga menghasilkan fitrah (al-fitroh), toleransi (al-samȃhah), maslahah (al-maslahah), kesetaraan (al-musâwah), serta kebebasan (hurriyah) sebagai bagian Dari maqâshid al-syari’ah. Dari sisi cakupannya, keberlakuan maqâshid al-syarî’ah dalam pemikiran Ibn ‘Âsyûr tampak lebih universal dibanding dengan pemikiran maqâshid al-syarî’ah sebelumnya. Namun demikian, pemikiran Ibn ‘Âsyûr memeliki kelemahan Dari sisi ketidakjelasan tingkatan prioritasnya serta aplikasi metode penerapannya dalam hukum Islam.
Atıksu Arıtımında Yatay Yüzeyaltı Akışlı Yapay Sulak Alan Sistemlerinin Kullanımı: Örnek Çalışma, Kızılcaören
Authors: Aydın Temel Fulya , Avcı Esin , Ardalı Yüksel
Published: June 2017

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a green technology that have been used to treat several types of wastewater such as domestic, industrial, agricultural wastewaters and landfill leachate. CWs have several advantages included land intensive, low energy, easy operation and maintenance, low investment/operational costs, landscape esthetics, reuse of waters, and increased wildlife habitat compared to conventional systems. CWs are alternative treatment technologies due to these properties especially for rural settlements, industries, and hotels that are remote locations from central treatment plants. Physical, chemical, and biological treatment mechanisms can employ together in CWs. In the present study, two parallel full scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands were designed to treat domestic wastewater of Kızılcaören village in Samsun, Turkey. Juncus acutus and Cortaderia selloana were selected and the removal performance of each species were evaluated. During 7 months operation, the mean removal efficiencies of Juncus acutus and Cortaderia selloana were found as 33% and 32% for Mg2+; 62% and 55% for Fe2+; 64% and 56% for Fe3+; 46% and 37% for Cl2; 48% and 39% for total Cl2; 26% and 37% for Ca2+; 28% and 23% for SAA, respectively. Also, the Two-way ANOVA between groups was applied to determine any difference for the removal of all parameters between the plant types and months on the mean values of pollutants removal.
La Auditoría de Sistemas de Información como elemento de control
Authors: Solano Rodríguez Ómar Javier
Published: June 2017

Con este trabajo pretendo ilustrar al lector acerca de la auditoría de sistemas de información y su relevancia en las organizaciones, así como el adecuado control al área de procesamiento electrónico de datos. Se incia con un recorrido del concepto de auditoría, sistemas de información y, finalmente, considerando las concepciones gramaticales de los términos información y control. Como se observa en la lectura, los sistemas informáticos con los últimos desarrollos tecnológicos han permitido cambios fundamentales en las estructuras de las organizaciones, en el campo de la informática los cambios han sido en algunos procesos dentro de las empresas. Esta gamma de información enriquece las nuevas orientaciones profesionales y también permite realizar algunas preguntas ¿es la tecnología la más apropiada? ¿Cuál es el papel que juega el Estado colombiano frente a los procesos de transferencia de tecnología?, será que las nuevas tecnologías han de guiar el diseño de controles internos informáticos, nuevas regulaciones en materia de legalización de Software. La auditoría de sistemas de información surge como un elemento de control en las organizaciones y todo ese esfuerzo de desarrollo tecnológico debe conllevar a la conceptualización del control interno informático y por supuesto al descubrimiento de nuevos sistemas de control, administración de los recursos y sistemas informáticos. El artículo hace referencia a la legislación colombiana en materia de protección de derechos de autor, integra la función de la auditoria de sistemas de información con las actividades de la gerencia y finalmente como el control interno puede ser una herramienta de gestión integral para las organizaciones.
Hacia la definición de un Modelo de Gestión, basado en la Asociación de los Sistemas establecidos en las normas internacionales de La Calidad, Ambiental y de Seguridad
Authors: Escobar Valencia Miriam
Published: June 2017

Este artículo determina las posibilidades de establecer un Sistema de Gestión en el Ámbito de la Calidad, para que las organizaciones desarrollen en dicho sistema una estrategia, que bien puede derivarse de los enfoques que de manera general se les presentan, como los modelos de gestión, a manera de exigencias de mercado, y cuya aplicación en las empresas se realiza de forma independiente. Se propone elaborar una descripción de los modelos de gestión a manera de exigencias del mercado, y cuya aplicación en las empresas se realiza de forma independiente.  Se propone elaborar una descripción de los modelos de gestión en sus temáticas generales: propósitos, principios, requisitos y arquitectura del modelo, establecidos como normas internacionales, para que a partir de la determinación de sus semejanzas y particularidades se establezca la temática conceptual que permite a la organización establecer su propio sistema de gestión. La propuesta formulada considera un solo modelo general que le permite a las organizaciones independientemente de su naturaleza y características particulares, cumplir las exigencias de competitividad, formalizando sus procesos respecto a normas o lineamientos de carácter general o particular, sin incurrir en esquemas individuales, según sea el ámbito económico en que la organización se desempeña.
Presentación v20n32
Authors: Echeverry Rubén Dario , Carvajal Baeza Rafael
Published: June 2017

Preliminares edición N°32, julio - diciembre de 2004
Identificación de estrategias para el mejoramiento de la competitividad regional a partir de los sectores productivos no tradicionales
Authors: Echeverry Romero Ruben Dario , Silva Castellanos Tulio Ferney
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo hace parte del avance de los primeros resultados del proyecto de investigación denominado "Dinámica del Desarrollo Exportador del Valle del Cauca", que adelanta el Grupo de Investigación en Negocios Internacionales y Comercio Exterior de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Administración de la Universidad del Valle, del cual hacen parte los autores. En él se expone, en una primera instancia, un enfoque conceptual que propone la competitividad como característica intrínseca del desarrollo socioeconómico de las comunidades. Desde esta perspectiva, se sugiere la creación de sinergias cognitivas que permitan a los agentes de una determinada región mejorar las condiciones competitivas actuales sobre la base de un paradigma de competencia no confrontacional y más bien cooperativo. Respondiendo a la necesidad de permitir que el desarrollo del Valle del Cauca (Colombia) se base en una plataforma productiva diversa, se ha adelantado un esquema metodológico que permite identificar sectores económicos no tradicionales y con potencial para incursionar en los mercados extranjeros. En este caso, se justifica la elección del subsector avícola del Valle del Cauca y se propone una estrategia genérica de cooperación entre la academia y el gremio que representa a los avicultores (FENAVI), de manera que pueda adelantarse un proceso de mejoramiento continuo de las condiciones competitivas del subsector y convertirlo en alternativa para el desarrollo en el futuro. Esta propuesta puede constituir un antecedente que permita a la academia identificar otros sectores susceptibles de adelantar estos trabajos, e incluso, de la socialización de las experiencias pueden surgir motivaciones desde los propios sectores.
Desafíos del Interés Público: Identidades y Diferencias entre lo Público y privado - segunda edición
Authors: Figueroa Ortiz Rubén Darío
Published: June 2017

Edgar Varela Barrios
Glimpses of a New York Emerging from Silence: Joseph Mitchell’s Journalistic Memorial Essay
Authors: Passos Mateus Yuri
Published: June 2017

This paper discusses ‘Street Life’, ‘Days in the Branch’ and ‘A Place of Pasts’, excerpts fragments from The New Yorker reporter Joseph Mitchell’s unfinished memoir book he started writing during his famous period of silence from 1964 to 1994. Within the scope of Mitchell’s writings, this group of texts may be considered as part of his fourth period of writing, one that was gradually established between the mid-1940s and early 1960s. They also constitute a unique genre of journalism which is referred to here as his memorial essay. Este artigo discute “Street Life”, “Days in the Branch’ e “A Place of Pasts”, fragmentos do livro de memórias inacabado que Joseph Mitchell, repórter da revista The New Yorker, começou a produzir durante seu famoso período de silêncio entre 1964 e 1996. Dentro do contexto maior da obra de Mitchell, os textos podem ser compreendidos como uma quarta fase de sua produção, formada gradualmente entre a segunda metade dos anos 1940 e o início dos anos 1960, e constituem um gênero jornalístico singular, aqui denominado ensaio-memorial.Este artículo discute ‘Street Life’, ‘Days in the Branch’ y ‘A Place of Pasts’, fragmentos del libro memorialístico inconcluso que Joseph Mitchell, reportero de la revista The New Yorker, empezó a escribir durante su famoso periodo de silencio entre 1964 y 1996. En el contexto más amplio de la obra de Mitchell, los textos pueden ser comprendidos como una cuarta fase de su producción, gradualmente formada entre lasegunda mitad de los 1940 y el inicio de los 1960, constituyendo un género periodístico singular, aquí llamado ensayo memorial.
A Professional. Or How to Recognize One
Authors: Ruellan Denis
Published: June 2017

The author, a journalism researcher, builds on points that have structured his investigation over the last 25 years. He begins with the initial developments in journalism studies, developing three areas of research on the common denominator for understanding professional identity: 1 – Understanding journalism as a construct (and not as permanent data); 2 – Analyze journalism as an object and result of competition whose objective is to enforce a symbolic order (or a dominant visual one); 3 – Understanding how this order is continuously subjected (or transformed) by individuals or groups of individuals. O autor, pesquisador em jornalismo, retoma pontos que estruturam sua própria investigação nos últimos 25 anos. Ele situa o contexto no qual inicialmente se desenvolveram os estudos em jornalismo. A partir daí, desenvolve três linhas de pesquisa sob o denominador comum de compreender uma identidade profissional: 1 – Entender o jornalismo como uma construção (e não como um dado estável); 2 – Analisá-lo como objeto e resultado de conflitos de concorrência cujo objetivo é impor uma ordem simbólica (ou uma visão dominante); 3 – Compreender como essa ordem é constantemente subjetivada (ou transformada) por indivíduos ou por grupos de indivíduos. El autor, un investigador en el periodismo, reanuda los puntos que estructuran su propia investigación en los últimos 25 años. Presenta el contexto donde inicialmente se han desarrollado los estudios de periodismo. De ahí en adelante, el autor desarrolla tres líneas de investigación bajo el mismo objetivo de comprender una identidad profesional: 1 – Comprender el periodismo como una construcción (y no como un dato estable); 2 - Analizarlo como objeto y resultado de los conflictos de competencia, cuyo objetivo es imponer un orden simbólico (o una visión dominante); 3 - Comprender la constante subjetivización de esa orden (o transformación) por individuos o grupos de individuos.
Mid-Season Leaf Glutamine Predicts End-Season Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Content in Response to Nitrogen Fertilization under Field Conditions
Authors: Goron Travis , Nederend Jacob , Stewart Greg , Deen Bill , Raizada Manish
Published: June 2017

After uptake in cereal crops, nitrogen (N) is rapidly assimilated into glutamine (Gln) and other amino acids for transport to sinks. Therefore Gln has potential as an improved indicator of soil N availability compared to plant N demand. Gln has primarily been assayed to understand basic plant physiology, rather than to measure plant/soil-N under field conditions. It was hypothesized that leaf Gln at early-to-mid season could report the N application rate and predict end-season grain yield in field-grown maize. A three-year maize field experiment was conducted with N application rates ranging from 30 to 218 kg ha−1. Relative leaf Gln was assayed from leaf disk tissue using a whole-cell biosensor for Gln (GlnLux) at the V3-V14 growth stages. SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) measurements were also performed. When sampled at V6 or later, GlnLux glutamine output consistently correlated with the N application rate, end-season yield, and grain N content. Yield correlation outperformed GreenSeekerTM NDVI, and was equivalent to SPAD chlorophyll, indicating the potential for yield prediction. Additionally, depleting soil N via overplanting increased GlnLux resolution to the earlier V5 stage. The results of the study are discussed in the context of luxury N consumption, leaf N remobilization, senescence, and grain fill. The potential and challenges of leaf Gln and GlnLux for the study of crop N physiology, and future N management are also discussed.
Status of the SACLA Facility
Authors: Yabashi Makina , Tanaka Hitoshi , Tono Kensuke , Ishikawa Tetsuya
Published: June 2017

This article reports the current status of SACLA, SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser, which has been producing stable X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) light since 2012. A unique injector system and a short-period in-vacuum undulator enable the generation of ultra-short coherent X-ray pulses with a wavelength shorter than 0.1 nm. Continuous development of accelerator technologies has steadily improved XFEL performance, not only for normal operations but also for fast switching operation of the two beamlines. After upgrading the broadband spontaneous-radiation beamline to produce soft X-ray FEL with a dedicated electron beam driver, it is now possible to operate three FEL beamlines simultaneously. Beamline/end-station instruments and data acquisition/analyzation systems have also been upgraded to allow advanced experiments. These efforts have led to the production of novel results and will offer exciting new opportunities for users from many fields of science.
Towards Systematic Prediction of Urban Heat Islands: Grounding Measurements, Assessing Modeling Techniques
Authors: Voelkel Jackson , Shandas Vivek
Published: June 2017

While there exists extensive assessment of urban heat, we observe myriad methods for describing thermal distribution, factors that mediate temperatures, and potential impacts on urban populations. In addition, the limited spatial and temporal resolution of satellite-derived heat measurements may limit the capacity of decision makers to take effective actions for reducing mortalities in vulnerable populations whose locations require highly-refined measurements. Needed are high resolution spatial and temporal information for urban heat. In this study, we ask three questions: (1) how do urban heat islands vary throughout the day? (2) what statistical methods best explain the presence of temperatures at sub-meter spatial scales; and (3) what landscape features help to explain variation in urban heat islands? Using vehicle-based temperature measurements at three periods of the day in the Pacific Northwest city of Portland, Oregon (USA), we incorporate LiDAR-derived datasets, and evaluate three statistical techniques for modeling and predicting variation in temperatures during a heat wave. Our results indicate that the random forest technique best predicts temperatures, and that the evening model best explains the variation in temperature. The results suggest that ground-based measurements provide high levels of accuracy for describing the distribution of urban heat, its temporal variation, and specific locations where targeted interventions with communities can reduce mortalities from heat events.