bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obtaining of gluten-free pizza dough based on flaxseed flour
Authors: Sapozhnikov A N , Kopylova A V , Gurova D V , Bolshakov K A
Published: March 2021

Flaxseed flour is a promising raw material as a base or additive ingredient for producing of gluten-free production. It has got high sensory characteristics, and it is also a valuable source of several nutrients (including vitamins and minerals). Thus, food products enriched with flaxseed flour may have functional properties. Based on the results of researches on using flaxseed flour in bakery products formulations, there was revealed the advisability of complete replacement of wheat flour in classic pizza dough formulation with flaxseed flour. The advantages of flaxseed pizza dough are time reduction of the fermentation process from 24 h at 2…6 °C to 1 h at 15…25 °C, increased nutritional value and high sensory properties. The obtained dough formulation was used in the developed technology of mushroom pizza on flaxseed flour and can be implemented at the existing food industry enterprises, including catering enterprises.
The number of mini-tubers of potatoes depending on the density of planting micro-plants
Authors: Filippova S , Eliseeva L , Eliseev I , Nesterova O , Selivanov A
Published: March 2021

The obtained results indicate the influence of the feeding area of potato micro-plants on the number of mini-tubers of promising varieties. In the experiments, micro-plants were placed in pots as follows: one plant in a pot with a nutritional area of 380 cm2, two plants in a pot - 190 cm2, three plants - 127 cm2, plants - 95 cm2. It was noted that with a decrease in the area of plant nutrition, the height of plants increased, as well as the number of tubers obtained from one plant. The study of the fractional composition of tubers showed that in order to obtain the maximum number of mini-tubers of potatoes, the most valuable fraction for further planting is not recommended to place one plant in a pot. Varieties reacted differently to the density of micro-plantings. For example, Gulliver and meteor varieties have an optimal feeding area for one plant to form tubers of the optimal fraction of 190 cm2, Zumba and Samba – 127 cm2, Reggae and Courtney – 95 cm2. In the salsa variety, there were no differences in this trait between variants with a feeding area of 95 to 190 cm2.
Development of a fish loaf technology for dietary purposes
Authors: Kozhushko S Yu , Rysmukhambetova G E , Karpunina L V , Ushakova Yu V , Saukenova M M
Published: March 2021

The work studied the effect of two polysaccharides (PS), xanthan and guaran, on the quality of fish loaves. Optimal concentrations of the polysaccharides (0.1% and 0.3%, respectively) were selected on the basis of sensory analysis. In the process of our research, a positive effect of all the studied PS on the quality of fish loaves was revealed, namely: the dry matter content increased by an average of 6.7%, the acidity decreased by an average of 20.55%, and a decrease in the fat weight fraction by an average of 15.35% was observed as compared with the reference sample. The addition of the polysaccharides was found to have a positive effect on taste, to reduce the growth of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, as well as bacteria of the Escherichia coli group and to contribute to an increased shelf life. The addition of PS reduced the prime cost of the samples under study by an average of 3.9%. As a result of our sensory analysis, physicochemical and microbiological studies, guaran in a concentration of 0.3% was recommended as a food additive to fish loaves.
Membrane purification of secondary milk raw materials: intensification of processes
Authors: Khramtsov A G , Babenyshev S P , Zhidkov V E , Mamay D S , Nurullo M , Mamay A V
Published: March 2021

Further development of the human community depends on two main tasks to be performed, i.e. providing the population with high-grade food and preserving the environment due to the rational use of natural raw materials. In this regard, processing of secondary milk raw materials is considered a controlled impact on a complex biotechnological system. The impact was divided into preliminary treatment and final processing and is based on two principles; firstly, secondary dairy raw materials must be standardized before the initial stage of its deep processing, involving fractionation; and secondly, the first step of the baromembrane purification of secondary milk raw materials should ensure the purification of the permeate from proteins and milk fat. The purpose of the study was to theoretically substantiate and experimentally determine the optimal operating parameters of the baromembrane processes in the technology for obtaining highly purified whey permeate. The authors have experimentally established that the deep baromembrane purification of milk whey ensures the optimal values of the working pressure and circulation rate of the separated system that are P= 0.45-0.5 MPa and V=0.15-0.2 m/sec in the channel of the ultrafiltration apparatus and P=1.5-2.5 MPa and V=0.16-0.26 m/sec in the channel of the nanofiltration apparatus, respectively.
Study of the possibility of increasing the shelf life of meat pates
Authors: Khramova V N , Slozhenkina M I , Burdina A N , Khramova Ya I , Razumov D A , Khrapova E V , Chekhova E A
Published: March 2021

The article discusses a method for increasing the shelf life of meat pates by adding a natural antioxidant. Numerous studies show that the most popular and competitive food products are products that are convenient and easy to prepare in a short amount of time, easy to take with you as a snack, and products with a high-quality and safe composition that can be stored for a long time. The release of new pate products that do not require cold storage will significantly reduce production space, costs for the purchase and operation of equipment, and make such products universal for use in long-distance transport crossings and air travel.
Technology of rowanberry encapsulation for optimization of functional food production formulations
Authors: Matseychik I V , Korpacheva S M , Shteer A I , Myshelovskaya A V , Lomovsky I O
Published: March 2021

The paper describes the potential of the use of pectin with a low degree of esterification as a matrix for encapsulation of rowanberry powder. Using pectin with a low degree of esterification allowed to increase the antioxidant activity of the powder on 12.5% and its bioflavonoids content on 27% in comparison to previously obtained results and showed the possibility of improving of nutritional value of curd desserts where the powder can be used as a functional food ingredient in amount of 14%. It is also shown that encapsulated rowanberry powder with PLDE can increase the antioxidant activity, vitamin C and bioflavonoids content of curd desserts enriched with it.
The influence of functional ingredients on quality of cheese
Authors: Lodianov V V , Skripin P V , Gorlov I F , Mosolova N I , Anisimova E Yu , Mishina O Yu
Published: March 2021

The use of additives of plant origin can increase the nutritional and biological value, improve the quality and organoleptic characteristics of the finished product. Carrots are a useful non-calorie vegetable, which contains vitamins b, PP, C, E, K, it contains carotene-a substance that is converted into vitamin a in the human body. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin. This means that it is better absorbed by the body when consumed together with fats. Milk thistle is traditionally used in the complex therapy of many diseases. The main biologically active substances of milk Thistle are flavonoids and flavolignans, which are known by the common name silymarin. Milk Thistle powder is rich in vitamins and minerals. Black sesame is considered to be a valuable oil-yielding plant. The seeds contain many vitamins and minerals, as well as dietary fiber, which bring invaluable benefits to the human body. The aim of the research was to develop the technology of cheese enriched with functional ingredients of feta “Aphelia”, to study the properties and composition of carrots, black sesame and milk Thistle powder, their influence on quality indicators, to determine its quality and biological value. In addition, an experiment was conducted to determine the vitamin, mineral and amino acid composition of feta Afelia brine cheese and a control sample. Cheese with filling makes it possible to enrich and diversify the diet of consumers.
Dependence of germination of wheat grains after the treatment by impulse pressure and long-term storage on the vitreousness of endosperm
Authors: Nefedieva E E , Khramova Ya I , Khramova V N , Gorlov I F , Lysak V I , Slozhenkina M I
Published: March 2021

The aim was identification of patterns of changes in the physical and chemical state of biopolymers in durum and soft wheat seeds after the treatment of impulse pressure (IP) and during the storage of seeds. It was found that durum wheat seeds accumulated microcracks over the structure of the glassy endosperm after the IP treatment, while soft wheat seeds reacted to IP treatment by “collapsing” air gaps in the loose endosperm, as well as by vitrification of amorphous areas that were in a highly elastic state and the transition of crystalline areas to vitreous ones. The vitreous content of durum seeds decreased, while that of soft seeds increased linearly after the treatment by IP and storage. Treatment of soft wheat seeds with IP and storage increased their germination, growth and quality of seedlings due to vitrification of the seed endosperm. The decrease in the vitreousness of durum wheat grain after the treatment with IP and storage led to deterioration in the quality of grain and sprouts during storage. So the glassy state in seeds is suggested to serve as a stabilizer. The rapid progress of deterioration may represent a weakening of the glassy state.
Modes of processing broiler chickens of the “smena” cross and their influence on meat quality
Authors: Makoveev I I , Kozak S S , Gromov I Yu
Published: March 2021

The efficiency of modern technologies for the production of broiler chicken meat significantly affects the quality indicators of meat, its nutritional and biological value. The article presents the study results that enable determining the modes of pro-cessing “Smena” broiler chickens and the modes’ influence on the meat quality and microbiological and physicochemical indicators of meat during storage. The results of the studies proved that the carcass of broiler chickens new cross “Smena” and their part in the process of storage at the temperature of (1,0±1,0) °C on microbiological, organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators remain fresh carcases within 7 days., cuts – 5 days.
Geoinformation methods of geoecological features of the territory study
Authors: Bezuglova M S , Sharova I S , Kryzhanovskaya G V , Buzyakova I V , Dmitrieva M V
Published: March 2021

The paper considers the analysis of dynamics changes in the Ilmenno-Bugrovy lowland of the Caspian region to evaluate the accuracy of detecting changes in the geoecological peculiarities of the region. The method of remote sensing is used for a more detailed study of the Ilmenno-Bugrovy lowland region. A complex of various methods of fixing the natural situation using photographic, scanner, and other special equipment is used. The authors also apply visual observations and methods for calculating quantitative indicators in landscape ecology. The unique landscape of these regions is represented by the tracts of the Baer knolls and inter-mound plains, which are occupied by lake-like reservoirs, ilmens, of varying degrees of salinity which have preserved the water surface due to their connection with the arms of the Volga River. The natural water regime of these regions is disturbed, and in the process of extensive environment, the Baer knolls are destroyed, natural territories are polluted as a result of the Volga river flow regulation. The information was collected on the geoecological state of the site in this landscape region using modern geoinformation research methods. These methods made it possible to identify the features of anthropogenic influence in these regions, to develop a set of measures to prevent the environmental deterioration and preserve the biological diversity of these regions. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to identify an unstable ecological situation in these unique natural territories. The structure and texture of the landscapes of the Ilmenno-Bugrovy lowland is changing under the conditions of active anthropogenic and technogenic impact.
Asymmetric power consumption in rural electric networks
Authors: Naumov I V , Karamov D N , Tretyakov A N , Yakupova M A , Fedorinova E S
Published: March 2021

Study of changes in quality indicators and an increase in additional losses of electrical energy in rural distribution networks of 0.38 kV in the village (Vishnyakovo, Irkutsk region). The measurements were carried out by a certified device “Resource-UF2M”, which records changes in the quality indicators of energy efficiency, but does not record additional losses of electrical energy associated with this changed quality. Therefore, based on the obtained measurement data, we used the developed computer program “Asymmetry” to calculate the required power quality indicators, as well as additional electrical energy losses caused by a change in these indicators. Based on the results of measurements and calculations, time diagrams were built, and an analysis was made of quality indicators and additional losses of electric energy in the existing 0.38 kV networks.
Features of the use of information technologies in agriculture
Authors: Zolkin A L , Shavanov M V , Hmizova N G
Published: March 2021

The article shows the features of the use of information technology in the agricultural sector of the economy. The main information technologies used for the innovative development of the country’s agriculture in recent years are considered. It was revealed that one of the factors of effective agricultural production is the use of modern information technologies, and this is not only computer technologies (equipment and software) for the production and storage of information, but also technologies associated with the transfer of information. The questions of the use of resource-saving technologies in agriculture have been studied in details.
Application of flywheel energy accumulators in agricultural robots
Authors: Barbashov N N , Barkova A A
Published: March 2021

For the development of the agricultural industry, the current task is to design mobile robots that can independently perform a wide range of tasks. In this area, it is necessary to achieve both a reduction in the mass of the robot to reduce its impact on the top layer of soil, and an increase in its operating time without recharging from batteries. A promising method for improving the efficiency of agricultural machinery is the use of braking energy recovery, its accumulation and use during further acceleration. In this case, efficiency increases without reducing the dynamic qualities and performance of the equipment. The use of a flywheel energy accumulator allows you to use energy recovery in agricultural machinery, without resorting to difficult-to-maintain and relatively low-life batteries.
Current state and prospects of vegetable production in Primorsky Krai, Russia
Authors: Borodin I I , Borodin I A , Inshakov S V , Solopov A I , Patuk I
Published: March 2021

This article briefly describes the current state and prospects of vegetable production in Primorsky Krai, Russian Federation. Over the past 20 years, the production of vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, and onion) has increased by 30% in the region. The analysis of the technical operations of cultivation has shown that there are still high labor costs (up to 45% of all manual work) related to planting seedlings in open ground. Therefore, the development of technologies that will allow automating these processes will increase the level of mechanization by 15 – 30%. Moreover, this article aims to provide recent data on vegetable production and prospects, which could be beneficial for scientists, analytical experts, and business entrepreneurs.
Decision theory for choosing the best machine from alternative options
Authors: Tsybulevsky V V , Maslov G G
Published: March 2021

The studied factors characterizing each machine are taken with real values of the estimated indicators, for which desirability functions and weight coefficients have been developed using the method of pairwise comparison of estimated indicators of absolute and relative rank places using the percentile function. The dependence of the translation of the estimated indicators of the machine with real values into dimensionless ones for the scale y ^ ’is obtained, according to which the desirability function is calculated, and then the generalized indicator characterizing the complex assessment of the machine. The advantage of a methodological approach to making an objective decision for each machine using the weight coefficients of each estimated indicator is substantiated, which for the problem under consideration vary in the range of 0.06-0.44. According to the maximum value of the generalized indicator of a comprehensive assessment, preference was given to the KShU-12 cultivator.
Information and analytical system for monitoring green spaces
Authors: Popov A A , Avdeeva E V , Ovsyankin A K , Emomaliev M R
Published: March 2021

Today the topic of ecology is especially relevant for the residents of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Many environmental problems have accumulated in the region, and the population is not fully aware of these gaps. In addition, for their solution, for the optimal organization of the activities of various management structures, complex cartographic information is needed. The relevance of the topic being developed is because landscaping and gardening is the most important area of activity of the municipal economy. The tasks of optimizing the urban environment of landscaping, as well as eliminating the consequences of negative impact on the environment, are being solved through the information and analytical system. The goal is to create an information and analytical system for monitoring green spaces, which will allow you to have up-to-date information about the life state of park zones, as well as any landscaping objects added to it.
Subsistence agriculture and Global Warming
Authors: Magomedov I A , Dzhabrailov Z A , Bagov A M
Published: March 2021

Global warming and overpopulation are one of the most pending problems that needs to be dealt in the present days to aim for the bright future, to overcome hanger and poverty. For today the issues related to Global Warming and overpopulations are in incline. As time passes the more problems occur. It is well known that agriculture and Global Warming worsens the environment similarly. Agriculture has a vast influence on Global Warming, around 30 percentage from total. And similarly, Global Warming has the impact to agriculture. However, it was stated that small farms will be troubled the most, whereas larger farms will produce more and more product no matter what. Therefore, the article aims to describe subsistence agriculture and the effect it will have from Global Warming as well as it influences on the emission of greenhouse gasses. Common contributors of greenhouse gasses will be described such as: residue burning, usage of synthetic fertilizers, manure management etc. Also, the approaches that can help small subsistence farmers to withstand future difficulties. The concept of agroecology was briefly depicted, by outlining the significant parts of the approach.
The effect of ethanol on protein-ligand interactions
Authors: Ryskina E A , Gilmiyarova F N , Ahmedzhanov B B , Maksimuk N N
Published: March 2021

The relevance of studying the regulation of protein-ligand interactions is due to the emergence of new views on the role of metabolites and their key importance in vital processes. To study the protein-ligand interaction, the AB0 antigen-antibody blood system and the enzyme-substrate system of dehydrogenases were used as a test system, and ethanol was used as an influencing factor. In experiments performed with A and B blood erythrocyte antigens, natural AB0 system antibodies and monoclonal antibodies under the influence of ethanol performed change of the degree of agglutination and the time to onset of erythrocyte agglutination. It was found that ethanol can regulate the enzyme-substrate interactions of dehydrogenases: lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.12), and α-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8). The increase in the activity of studied enzymes under the influence of ethanol in the whole blood hemolysate was 2.5 - 3 times higher than in the isolated medium (with pure enzyme preparations).
A new approach to description of the structure of the consortium of Betula pendula Roth and Tilia cordata Mill. and its capabilities for bioindication
Authors: Turmukhametova N V , Zeleev R M , Zabotin Y I
Published: March 2021

New approaches to the analysis of the structure of the consortium of woody plants are considered. The structure of the consortia of Betula pendula Roth and Tilia cordata Mill. of various ontogenetic conditions in the districts of Yoshkar-Ola and the Republic of Mari El, Russia is described. There are 126 species of arthropods (Insecta and Arachnida) associated with Betula pendula cenoses, and 129 species for Tilia cordata. It is shown that the diversity of tree consortial connections characterizes the quality of the environment and indicates the degree of stability of its population to the anthropogenic load. For the first time, a parametric method for visualizing the structure of a consortium was used. The order of filling of separate ecological niches of consortia, connected with ontogenetic state of the determinant of a consortium and the supposed degree of anthropogenic load is revealed. This allows us to hope for the possibility of using the parametric imaging method for bioindication purposes. It was suggested that for the detailed characterization of the consortium, it is necessary to organize a long-term monitoring of the state of woody plantations and the composition of their consorts.
The drug Diprokarb for treatment of idiopathic babesial disease in dogs under the conditions of Russia
Authors: Belomyttseva E S , Safiullin R T , Arisov M V
Published: March 2021

Study of efficiency of the drug diprokarb with major active ingredient of imidocarb propionate was conducted. One milliliter of diprokarb contains 120 mg of imidocarb propionate. It was studied under the conditions of Moscow and Moscow Region using an example of spontaneous infestation of dogs with babesial disease. All studies were conducted at veterinary clinics using laboratory studies of the blood of infected animals, as well as the study of ixodic ticks that are the major carriers. Monitoring of physical status of animals was being performed from time of the first appearance of babesial disease clinical signs to the complete disappearance of hematozoons from the blood, as well as products of their vital activity. Studies of the animals, which are not demonstrated evident clinical signs of infection, were also conducted during ixodic ticks’ season of activity. Diprokarb was used as the main drug and the symptomatic therapy was conducted when disease is identified. The drug demonstrated 100 % efficiency when applied at the dose of 6 mg per kg of animal body weight.
Effective protection of grain crops from pests
Authors: Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Vasilenko A A , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: March 2021

Plant protection products are currently the main part of crop cultivation technologies not only in the Krasnoyarsk territory, but also around the world. The most promising way to protect plants from pests is an integrated system that involves the use of chemical control agents only in cases where the pest population exceeds the economic threshold, and the effectiveness increase of natural mechanisms for regulating the number is carried out using agro-technical and biological methods of pest suppression. As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that protective measures allowed to reduce crop losses by 10-15 %. During the study period, all pests recorded on grain crops (excluding cereal flies) did not exceed the threshold of harmfulness, but it is necessary to take into account their complex impact on the crop and especially grain pests (aphids, thrips and grain large nutmegs), which revealed themselves massively and spread more widely in grain crops. Pests of ear and grain, cereal aphids and wheat thrips exerted the greatest harmfulness in the experiment especially in the background with zero tillage.
The relationship between the duration of the service period and the milk yield of the Holsteinized black-mottled breed
Authors: Mikolaychik I N , Gorelik O V , Nenahov V V , Morozova L A , Safronov S L
Published: March 2021

The article says that all over the world, dairy livestock is used for dairy production. They use such breeds as a black-mottled breed, Holstein, Dutch ones. Breeding livestock differs in economically useful qualities depending on the climatic and ecological-forage conditions of the breeding zone, and the gene pool of breed resources. The widespread and long-term use of the Holsteinisation, along with a positive effect, i.e., an increase in milk yield, revealed problems associated with a decrease in the reproductive functions of the livestock. The aim of the work is to study the milk yield of the Holsteinized black-mottled breed of the Ural type depending on the duration of the service period. The article notes a significant percentage of dairy cows with a service period of more than 200 days and 121-160 days. Dairy cows with a service period of up to 120 days turned out to be 32%, taking into account the presence of dairy cows with optimal insemination period of only 19%. This indicates a decrease in reproductive functions in the Holsteinized black-mottled breed of the Ural type. The change in milk yield per three lactation depending on the duration of the service period is mainly determined by the individual characteristics of dairy cows and but not on the service period. Dairy cows with a service period of 103 days have the highest milk yield indicators. Dairy cows of other groups with other duration of the service periods had milk yield by 209 - 656 kg, or 1.96 - 6.15% less. The difference was not reliable due to the significant variation in milk yield within the groups. The duration of the service period does not affect the quality indicators of milk. The optimal duration of the service period for livestock breeding, namely the Holsteinized black- mottled breed of the Ural type is considered to be 81-120 days. An increase in the duration of the service period does not lead to an increase in milk yield, but affects the duration of productive longevity of dairy cows.
Comparative study of BMP-2 gene delivery to Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with Turbofect and Polyethylenimine
Authors: Nedorubova I A , Bukharova T B , Vasilyev A V , Syachina M A , Goldshtein D V , Kulakov A A
Published: March 2021

Genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with plasmid encoding the bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene (BMP2) is a crucial task in the development of gene therapy and tissue engineering technologies for bone regeneration. The low transfection efficiency of MSC cultures is a limitation for practical applications and makes it necessary to search for optimal protocols that ensure efficient gene delivery while maintaining sufficient cell viability. Comparison of two transfecting reagents (TurboFect and Polyethylenimine) shows that TurboFect is the most effective for MSCs transfection. A higher level of target gene BMP2 expression and osteogenic differentiation can be achieved using the TaqRFP-N-BMP2 plasmid compared with pcDNA3-BMP2.
Use the Rhodotorula benthica yeast to feeding of echinoderms
Authors: Matrosova I V , Panchishina E M , Politaeva A A , Kornienko N L
Published: March 2021

The cultivation conditions influence on the Rhodotorula benthica yeast biomass growth was studied. Methodological recommendations for the yeast biomass cultivation and practical recommendations for the Rhodotorula benthica yeast use as a substitute feed base for the Far Eastern trepang growing larvae and juveniles have been developed. The work results will serve as a basis for the new effective approaches formation to the forage resources organization and echinoderms nutrition during commercial cultivation at mariculture enterprises; will allow replacing the traditional food base (microalgae) with a more economically and functionally effective food type.
Evaluation parameters of in vitro morphogenesis in the process of replication of potato starting material
Authors: Oves E , Anikina I , Gaitova N , Adamzhanova Zh , Kaynidenov N
Published: March 2021

In the process of replicating and growing the necessary volumes of in vitro material for original seed production, the period of formation of morphological structures and the achievement of microplants of standard characteristics is important. The existing method of regeneration assessment by the quantity of days from the moment of placement of micro stalks into a new nutrient medium does not allow a planned approach to the compilation and implementation of the clonal micropropagation program. The article proposes new methodological approaches to assessing in vitro potato material by the main phases of plant development in tissue culture: intensive growth (formation of 2-3 internodes), slow growth (4-6 internodes), and natural dying-off. The analysis of regenerative ability allows us to note that the effectiveness of the formation of morphological structures did not depend on the ripeness group of the studied variety samples. Presented results indicate the differentiated approach of varieties to the formation of morphological structures in the process of replication.
Effect of genetic and paratypical factors on milk production in cattle
Authors: Lihodeevskaya O E , Lihodeevskiy G A , Gorelik O V , Loretts O G , Stepanova V V
Published: March 2021

The influence of genetic and paratypical factors on milk productivity has been studied for many years, but the influence of genotypes was considered as belonging to a genealogical line, which does not give correct results in terms of genetics, the influence of homo- and heterozygosity. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that for the first time a genome-wide study was carried out on the breeding stock of cattle in the Sverdlovsk region and the relationships between the influence of some genes and the paratype on milk productivity were established. In order to maximally reveal the influence of genotypes, farms with the same technological conditions, but giving a significant difference in milk productivity and quality, were selected. Analysis of complete genotypes by the method of principal components showed the genetic homogeneity of the sample, which forms a large general cluster, corresponding to the general trend of Holsteinization of black-and-white cattle. The influence of the environmental factor on productivity indicators turned out to be significant, with the exception of the proportion of protein in the third lactation, all of them were statistically significantly different P <0.01. Six genes were selected for this study: diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase 1, leptin, growth hormone receptor gene, β-lactoglobulin, k-casein AB and CE. A high coefficient of homozygosity was revealed for two genes CSN_AB and CSN_CE (0.705 and 0.897, respectively), which may lead in the near future to purely linear animals in herds. Despite the fact that no significant difference in the influence of the genotype on productive qualities was revealed for most indicators, the actual difference in them for agricultural organizations
Accumulation of phenolic antioxidants in flowers and fruits of guelder rose (Viburnum opulus L.) depending on site conditions
Authors: Skrypnik L N , Kislyakova L A , Maslennikov P V , Feduraev P V
Published: March 2021

Various parts of guelder rose (Viburnum opulus L.), including the bark, leaves, flowers, and fruits, have long been used in modern and folk medicine. This study aims to evaluate how site climatic conditions and soil properties influence the accumulation of phenolic antioxidants in flowers and fruits of Viburnum opulus L. It was established that the content of total phenolics in fruits was 1.7 times that in the flowers; the content of tannins, 2.5 times; antioxidant activity, 2.3 times. A high correlation between antioxidant capacity and the content of phenolic compounds (r = 0.90; p <0.001) and tannins (r = 0.94; p <0.001) was revealed. Site conditions have a strong effect both on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Viburnum opulus L. and on the antioxidant activity of the study sample extracts. The highest concentrations of the phytocomponents under study were associated with heavy precipitation and high average contents of organic matter and macroelements (phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen). These findings highlight the importance of fulfilling agro-technical requirements for the cultivation of Viburnum opulus L., both to ensure high yields and to obtain products with better biochemical composition.
Evaluation of the stability of the results of studies of beef for lead content using the additive method
Authors: Tretyak L N , Artyukhova S I , Sarbatova N Ju , Aryukhin O V , Zhumanova G T
Published: March 2021

The obtained monitoring results indicate that in the range of less than 0.01 mg of lead per 1 kg of beef prevails (51.9%) over other ranges. The least registered sample results (3.4%) with the range of obtained data - 0.1-1.0 mg / kg. The primary and important task remains to ensure the control of the quantitative content of lead, the introduction and application of fast and reliable methods of their research. The analysis of the obtained data results shows that all the results on the study of beef for the content of lead, obtained by stripping voltammetry and atomic absorption spectrometry methods for assessing the precision and operational control of the error using the additive method, are satisfactory. By implementing the methods of stripping voltammetry and atomic absorption spectrometry, the best precision of research results in the testing laboratory is achieved, both under repeatability conditions and under conditions of intermediate precision.
Effect of amino acid imbalance in the nutrition on the morphology of animal liver
Authors: Omarov M O , Guseynov G O , Gazimagomedova M M , Osmanova S O , Ismayilova F O
Published: March 2021

The article considers the influence of various forms of amino acid imbalance in diets on morphological changes in the liver of laboratory animals. An imbalance of amino acids caused a number of similar changes in the liver of animals. Liver sections revealed that hepatocytes had smoothed borders and areas with signs of granular dystrophy. The sinusoids and inter-protein spaces were overflowed with blood moulds. Small groups of lymphohistiocytic cells were presented in the parenchyma. Violation of the liver microcirculation contributed to the violation of metabolic processes in hepatocytes. Most of the hepatocytes were filled with yellow-orange fat droplets and had atrophied cytoplasm with nuclei shifted to the periphery. There were single cells with glycogen granules as well. The content of nucleic acids in tissues is an important indicator of the intensity of protein synthesis. Thus, in liver sections of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes was less colored than in the control group, which indirectly indicates an increase in the intensity of protein synthesis in liver cells. Hemodynamic disorders in the form of dilated blood vessels and the appearance of stasis in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 lead to difficulties in the penetration of amino acids to the sites of protein synthesis and, as a result, to a violation of metabolic processes in parenchymal liver cells.
Ecological and biotopic parameters and resilience of arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus L.) in Kirov region, Russia
Authors: Gudovskikh Yu V , Luginina E A , Egoshina T L
Published: March 2021

Ecological-phytocoenotic features of Rubus arcticus L. were estimated near the Southern border of the range, ecological range of the species was also defined. According to the scale of soil humidity fluctuation the conditions’ range of the studied populations is wider than given by D N Tsyganov (1983). According to the complex of ecological scales, R. arcticus is a mesobiont species. Light-shading scale states euryvalent properties, and cumulative spectrum of soil scales shows its stenobiont features. Based on phytoindication data and according to the discomfort index, the most favourable conditions of edapho- and climatope for R. arcticus are formed in graminoid-mixed herbs wet meadow on forest aisle surrounded by birch-aspen bilberry forest and in spruce-birch mixed herbs-graminoid swampy forest. Hemeroby studies showed that the species has low resilience to human impact and can tolerate moderate anthropogenic influence.
Physiological response of the morphological characteristics of mammalian blood to the intake of selenium preparations into the body
Authors: Medvedev I N
Published: March 2021

In the course of numerous studies, the great importance of the trace element selenium for the optimum organism of mammals, including those that are farm animals, has been recognized. Therefore, in modern studies, special attention is paid to the study of the presence of selenium in the diet of animals and parallels are drawn between the level of selenium in feed and the state of the productive and breed characteristics of different animals. Enrichment of feed with selenium in males of different animal species seems promising. The influence of some selenium-containing preparations on the cellular composition of the blood of sire bulls was evaluated. It was found that when a sufficient amount of selenium is introduced into their feed in the form of selenopyran or sodium selenite, physiologically beneficial changes in the morphological parameters of blood develop. It becomes clear that in bulls-producers against the background of the introduction of tested selenium-containing agents in the feed ration, the general resistance of the organism increases, which inevitably leads to an improvement in the quality of sperm production.
Quantitative intestinal ultrasonography for dogs’ parvoviral enteritis
Authors: Tcygansky R A , Nekrasova I I , Mikhailenko V M
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the quantitative characteristics of the small intestine wall layers echoicity of dogs with parvoviral enteritis, their ratio and comparison of the results with the index of healthy animals intestinal echoicity. The object of the study was 53 heterogeneous dogs of both sexes with confirmed polymerase chain reaction diagnosed with parvoviral enteritis at the age from 6 weeks to 7 months. The studies were carried out at the Pirogov Veterinary Center of Stavropol and SD&TVC at FSBEI HE “Stavropol State Agrarian University” on the SIUI Apogee 1100 scanner (Shantou Institute of Ultrasonic Instruments Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China) according to the generally accepted method using a multi-frequency linear sensor with a frequency of 7-12 MHz in B-mode. It was found that each layer of the jejunal wall (mucous, submucosal and muscular) of examined dogs was homoechoic and the intestine echoicity index of sick dogs increased for the mucous layer - 2.54 times, submucosal - 1.1, and muscle - in 1.3 times compared with healthy animals’ index. Intestinal echoicity index determination provides objective information about changes in the main ultrasound parameter during ultrasound of alimentary tract structures.
Turpentine oils as a basis for the creation of nanostructured lyosols: physicochemical characteristics and stability
Authors: Chebotarev S N , Fadeeva I S , Chupakhin E G , Zyubin A Yu , Samusev I G , Antipov S S
Published: March 2021

Currently, one of the most common methods for the synthesis of dispersions based on turpentine in aqueous media is the preparation of its solutions in water using multi-stage chemical and/or physical treatment. In this case, the chemical composition is selected in such a way as to ensure the complete dissolution of hydrophobic substances in water. An example of solving such a problem is the use of an aqueous solution of the following composition: gum turpentine 43.0%; oleic acid 25.0%; castor oil 18.0%; caustic soda 3.0%. However, such methods do not allow setting and controlling dimensional parameters in the final product. In addition, in many cases, such a lyosol requires the addition of stabilizers and emulsifiers, which is determined by the purpose of the synthesized lyosol. Here we show the possibility of influencing the size parameter of the resulting particles in lyosol and their resistance to sedimentation in an aqueous solution. This result is achieved by homogenization using ultrasonic dispersion of a low-concentrated aqueous solution of turpentine, bubbling with various gases and subsequent filtration of the resulting emulsion through a membrane with a suitable pore size. This approach makes it possible to obtain at least 95% of nanoparticles from the total dry matter fraction. Compounds based on such lyosols, as a rule, have immunoreactogenic properties and can be used as an adjuvant component that increases the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines, including for veterinary use.
Using ergotropics to normalize the homeostasis system activity in broiler chickens
Authors: Chernov I S , Semenyutin V V , Chernova E N , Krapivina E V , Kosov A V , Yakovleva I N , Yastrebova O N
Published: March 2021

The article describes the research results on the complex enzyme and antibacterial drugs use in feed for the Hubbard cross broiler chickens. A studies review is presented, which showed that ergotropic preparations complex use when growing broiler chickens is poultry increasing the meat productivity effective method, as per basic zootechnical indicators. As a studying result an ergotropics complex combined use effectiveness in growing poultry, a significant decrease in a highly toxic elements number concentration in the broiler chickens carcasses and organs has been established, which is very important today. The preparation complex influence on the Hubbard cross broiler chickens meat chemical composition, physicochemical and tasting parameters was traced. Our research has proved the ergotropic drugs use effectiveness in broiler chickens, which is one of the increasing poultry meat productivity effective methods and the quality products necessary to provide the population needs with high nutritional and biological products values.
The new sheep ovarian cell culture and the prospect its application in virology
Authors: Galnbek T V , Shulyak A F , Pronina A A , Zhuravleva E A
Published: March 2021

The new sheep ovarian cell culture named as SO was derived and its reproduction has been successful carried out using available growth mediums such as mixture of modified Eagle’s medium, lactalbumin hydrolysate and bovine serum. The monolayer was formed at a seeding concentration of 100-120 thousand cells/ml in 3-5 days. The proliferation index was 2.81-3.24. Fibroblast-like cells predominated at early generations of the culture. During high passages, domination of epithelial-like cells was observed. While passaging, the modal class of 54 chromosomes was retained but the number of chromosome dispersion increased and the number of cells with a diploid set decreased. The cell viability was 82-75% during long-term storage in liquid nitrogen. The monolayer was retained for at least two weeks without changing the medium at 37°C. The culture produced estradiol and progesterone. Cell culture was highly sensitive to bovine herpesvirus 1, parainfluenza-3, nodular dermatitis and pustular stomatitis (Orf) viruses, but had low sensitivity to Orthopneumovirus. It didn’t allow reproduction of pestivirus – causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea – mucosal disease.
Use of antibacterial drugs Ziprovet-Pulmo and Streppen LA in streptococcosis of piglets
Authors: Merzlenko R A , Kovaleva V U , Lavrova O B , Naumova S V , Dolganov Y Y
Published: March 2021

The article presents the research results on the use of antibacterial drugs Ciprovet-pulmo and Streppen LA in Piglet streptococcosis. The experiment was conducted on piglets of a large white breed of the rearing group (aged 41 days) with clinical signs of streptococcosis. The diagnosis of associative streptococcosis was made comprehensively - based on epizootological data, clinical signs of the disease, pathoanatomic changes and laboratory studies of pigs pathological material (liver, spleen, lymph nodes, kidneys, heart, lungs) using bacteriological method (isolation of the streptococcosis pathogen isolate Streptococcus suis). Inclusion in the treatment regimen of piglets of the first group of antibacterial drugs Ciprovet-pulmo and Streppen LA, contributed to the achievement of the maximum therapeutic effect on the 5th day (96 %). In the second group, where Amoxicillin-800 and Amoxisan were used, the maximum therapeutic effect (86 %) occurred on the 6th day.
Effect of organic nutrients on bioleaching of low-grade copper concentrate at different temperatures
Authors: Elkina Yu A , Melamud V S , Bulaev A G
Published: March 2021

The goal of the present work was to study the effect of different organic nutrients (yeast extract and molasses) on the biooxidation of copper concentrate containing chalcopyrite, tennantite, sphalerite, and pyrite in batch experiments at different temperatures (of 40 to 55°C). For the experiments, representatives of microbial groups predominant in biohydrometallurgical processes, bacterium of the genus Sulfobacillus, Acidithiobacillus
caldus, and archaea of the genus Acidiplasma, were used. It was shown that both temperature and addition of organic nutrients in the medium affected the activity of the bioleaching. In the same time, the effect of organic nutrients was significant only at high temperatures (50 and 55°C). In all experiments, biooxidation rate decreased at the highest temperature, 55°C. Since among the strains used in the study, only A. caldus MBC-1 is autotroph, which is able to provide the population with organic nutrients and is not active at 55°C, at this temperature it was not able to maintain activity of other strains. Therefore at 55°C, biooxidation activity strongly depended on the presence of organic nutrients. Despite temperature and presence of organic nutrient affected activity of concentrate biooxidation that was revealed by the differences in pH, Eh values and iron ions concentrations in the medium, copper, zinc and arsenic extraction rates depended on these factors to a lesser extent.
Spatial distribution of moisture deficit on the territory of the south of Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kusainova Aisulu A , Mezentseva Olga V , Tusupbekov Zhanbolat A , Volkovskaya Natalya P
Published: March 2021

The article examines the spatial distribution of the moisture deficit for meteorological stations in the south of Western Siberia and in Northern Kazakhstan in the forest-steppe and steppe natural zones. To calculate the water equivalent of heat and power resources, empirical formulas were used and the water equivalent, moisture deficit and moisture coefficient were determined. In the course of research for specific years of recent decades, the dependence of the moisture deficit on heat and power resources and precipitation has been revealed. With an increase in atmospheric precipitation and a decrease in thermal energy resources of the climate, an increase in the coefficient of moisture in the territory was revealed.