bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSUMPTION, LEISURE, AND MONEY
Authors: Serletis Apostolos , Xu Libo
Published: September 2019

This paper takes a parametric approach to demand analysis and tests the weak separability assumptions that are often implicitly made in representative agent models of modern macroeconomics. The approach allows estimation and testing in a systems-of-equations context, using the minflex Laurent flexible functional form for the underlying utility function and relaxing the assumption of fixed consumer preferences by assuming Markov regime switching. We generate inference consistent with both theoretical and econometric regularity. We strongly reject weak separability of consumption and leisure from real money balances as well as weak separability of consumption from leisure and real money balances, meaning that the inclusion of a money in economic models would be of quantitative importance. We also investigate the substitutability/complementarity relationship among different categories of personal consumption expenditure (nondurables, durables, and services), leisure, and money. We find that the goods are net Morishima substitutes, but because of positive income effects they are gross complements. The implications for monetary policy are also briefly discussed.
LGBQ+ adults’ experiences of Improving Access to Psychological Therapies and primary care counselling services: informing clinical practice and service delivery
Authors: Foy Amelia A.J. , Morris Daniel , Fernandes Vanessa , Rimes Katharine A.
Published: September 2019

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer and other sexual minority (LGBQ+) people experience higher levels of psychological difficulties than heterosexual people. Evidence suggests that LGBQ+ treatment outcomes within England’s Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services are worse than the outcomes for heterosexuals, especially for bisexual people and sexual minority women. IAPT services provide evidence-based treatments like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), typically for anxiety or depression. This study explored LGBQ+ adults’ experiences with IAPT services and/or primary care counselling. LGBQ+ adults (n = 136) answered an online questionnaire (fixed-response and optional open-ended questions) about their access and treatment experiences. Descriptive statistics summarized multiple-choice responses. Qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. Before access, 41.9% of participants were concerned about experiencing LGBQ+ stigma/discrimination within psychological services. Only 13.2% of participants thought their sexuality negatively impacted their treatment, although prejudice/discrimination may be underestimated as 33.6% participants did not disclose their sexuality to practitioners and sexuality was not discussed in treatment for 44.0% of participants. Bisexual clients were significantly less likely to disclose their sexuality. The barriers LGBQ+ people described within IAPT or primary care services included: feared or experienced stigma in the services; reluctance to disclose sexuality; inconsistent discussion of sexuality in treatment; a lack of awareness and understanding towards LGBQ+ identities and community-specific challenges; and distrust, disillusionment and exclusion resultantly. Overall, 52.2% thought services could be improved for LGBQ+ individuals. This study identified multiple issues to be addressed in therapist training and service development.

Key learning aims

(1)

The unique needs/experiences that LGBQ+ people bring to therapy, such as the need to disclose their sexuality and past experiences of stigma/discrimination, including how this differs within the community (e.g. bisexual people or LGBQ+ Black and minority ethnic people).

(2)

How these needs/experiences can result in barriers that make their treatment experience distinct from heterosexuals and influence their treatment outcomes.

(3)

What steps should be taken in future research and clinical practice to ensure improvements in the psychological treatment experiences of LGBQ+ people, including in relation to therapist understanding and training in LGBQ+-related issues.
Multigenerational effects of chronic maternal exposure to a high sugar/fat diet and physical training
Authors: Martins Terra Marcella , Schaeffer Fontoura Tamiris , Oliveira Nogueira Audryo , Ferraz Lopes Jéssica , de Freitas Mathias Paulo Cézar , Andreazzi Ana Eliza , de Oliveira Guerra Martha , Maria Peters Vera
Published: September 2019

Pregnant individuals who overeat are more likely to predispose their fetus to the development of metabolic disorders in adulthood. Physical training is a prevention and treatment interventional strategy that could treat these disorders, since it improves metabolism and body composition. This study assessed the protective effect of physical exercise against possible metabolic changes in generations F1 and F2, whose mothers were subjected to a high-sugar/high-fat (HS/HF) diet. Wistar rats belonging to generation F0 were distributed into four groups (n = 10): sedentary control (CSed), exercised control (CExe), sedentary HS/HF diet (DHSed) and exercised HS/HF diet (DHExe). From 21 to 120 days of age, maintained during pregnancy and lactation period, CSed/CExe animals received standard feed and DHSed/DHExe animals a HS/HF diet. Animals from the CExe/DHExe underwent physical training from 21 to 120 days of age. Male and female F1 and F2 received a normocaloric feed and did not perform any physical training, categorized into four groups (n = 10) according to the maternal group to which they belonged to. An increase in body weight, adiposity and glucose, and a change in lipid profile in F0 were observed, while exercise reduced the biochemical parameters comparing DHSed with DHExe. Maternal exercise had an effect on future generations, reducing adiposity, glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and preventing deleterious effects on glucose tolerance. Maternal overeating increased health risks both for mother and offspring, demonstrating that an HS/HF diet intake promotes metabolic alterations in the offspring. Importantly, the physical training performed by F0 proved to be protective against such effects.
Positive and Negative Wayfinding Inclinations, Choice of Navigation Aids, and How They Relate to Personality Traits
Authors: Meneghetti Chiara , Grimaldi Francesco , Nucci Massimo , Pazzaglia Francesca
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study aimed to examine the relationship between people’s self-reported wayfinding inclinations, their preference for certain navigation aids (maps vs. GPS vs. verbal directions), and their personality traits. A sample of 222 undergraduates completed questionnaires on personality traits, wayfinding inclinations and preferred navigation aids, and two spatial tasks. The results showed that spatial ability, positive wayfinding inclinations and negative wayfinding inclinations are distinct factors. Only wayfinding inclinations were related to personality traits: positive inclinations correlated positively, and negative inclinations inversely with Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness. Negative inclinations were only associated with poor Emotional stability. Further, Conscientiousness and Openness were correlated with a preference for map use, and Agreeableness with a preference for verbal directions. Analyzing facets of these personality traits clarified the relations. These findings are discussed within the spatial cognition domain, broadening the array of individual factors (such as spatial attitudes and personality traits) and their relation to consider in defining individual spatial profiles.
Antarctic Seasonal Sea Ice Melts Faster Than It Grows
Authors: Eayrs Clare , Holland David , Francis Diana , Kumar Rajesh , Wagner Till , Li Xichen
Published: September 2019

Winds are thought to play a significant role in driving the asymmetric seasonal cycle of Antarctic sea ice growth and melt.
Metallopanstimulin-1 (MPS-1) mediates the promotion effect of leptin on colorectal cancer through activation of JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway
Authors: Cao Dongxing , Luo Yang , Qin Shaolan , Yu Minhao , Mu Yifei , Ye Guangyao , Yang Nailin , Cong Zhijie , Chen Jianjun , Qin Jun , Cui Ran , Jing Ran , Cao Hui , Zhong Ming
Published: September 2019

Obesity is a major epigenetic cause for colorectal cancer (CRC). Leptin is implicated in obesity-associated CRC, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The current study identified over-expression of metallopanstimulin-1 (MPS-1) in CRC patients through microarray and histological analysis, especially in obese CRC patients. MPS-1 was correlated with advanced tumor stage, suggesting its association with CRC progression. In addition, MPS-1 over-expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in obese CRC patients, but not in their non-obese counterparts, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker of obese CRC patients. MPS-1 expression was positively associated with circulating leptin levels in CRC patients, especially in obese cases. Functional experiments demonstrated that MPS-1 silencing inhibited tumor proliferation and colony formation, and induced apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Converse results were obtained from the experiments with MPS-1 over-expression. Mechanistically, MPS-1 executed its action through induction of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun pathway. Moreover, the promotion effect of MPS-1 on CRC progression was modulated by leptin. In vivo studies demonstrated that MPS-1 silencing suppressed tumor growth of CRC via inhibiting JNK/c-Jun signaling. Collectively, this study indicates that MPS-1 promotes leptin-induced CRC via activating JNK/c-Jun pathway. MPS-1 might represent a potent candidate for the treatment and prognostic prediction of obesity-associated CRC.
Distinct forms of motion sensitivity impairments in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Yining , Feng Depeng , Wang Hui
Published: September 2019

Motion sensitivity impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is often characterized as elevated coherence threshold. An alternative way to measure motion sensitivity is the direction threshold, i.e., the minimal angle of motion direction that can be discriminated. So far, it is less clear whether and how the direction threshold is altered in AD. Here we asked a group of AD patients and two control groups of healthy participants (young and elderly adults) to judge their perceived heading direction based on a field of optic flow stimuli simulating a forward translation in the environment. We manipulated the heading direction and the coherence of the optic flow independently and measured the direction and coherence thresholds from each participant. We found that the direction threshold increased significantly in AD patients as compared to healthy controls, like the coherence threshold. Yet, the elevation in the direction threshold was less pronounced than the coherence threshold. Moreover, the magnitudes of the direction and coherence thresholds in AD patients were not correlated. Our results suggest that coherence and direction impairments are two distinct forms of motion deficits in AD patients which might be associated with independent neural mechanisms.
Whole genome sequence analysis reveals high genetic variation of newly isolated Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans IO-2C
Authors: Fariq Anila , Blazier John C. , Yasmin Azra , Gentry Terry J. , Deng Youjun
Published: September 2019

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium, is well known for its mineral oxidizing properties. The current study combines experimental and whole genome sequencing approaches to investigate an iron oxidizing, extreme acidophilic bacterium, A. ferrooxidans isolate (IO-2C) from an acid seep area near Carlos, TX, USA. Strain IO-2C was capable of oxidizing iron i.e. iron sulphate and iron ammonium sulphate yielding shwertmannite and jarosite minerals. Further, the bacterium’s genome was sequenced, assembled and annotated to study its general features, structure and functions. To determine genetic heterogeneity, it was compared with the genomes of other published A. ferrooxidans strains. Pan-genome analysis displayed low gene conservation and significant genetic diversity in A. ferrooxidans species comprising of 6926 protein coding sequences with 23.04% (1596) core genes, 46.13% (3195) unique and 30.82% (2135) accessory genes. Variant analysis showed >75,000 variants, 287 of them with a predicted high impact, in A. ferrooxidans IO-2C genome compared to the reference strain, resulting in abandonment of some important functional key genes. The genome contains numerous functional genes for iron and sulphur metabolism, nitrogen fixation, secondary metabolites, degradation of aromatic compounds, and multidrug and heavy metal resistance. This study demonstrated the bio-oxidation of iron by newly isolated A. ferrooxidans IO-2C under acidic conditions, which was further supported by genomic analysis. Genomic analysis of this strain provided valuable information about the complement of genes responsible for the utilization of iron and tolerance of other metals.
MARK4 protein can explore the active-like conformations in its non-phosphorylated state
Authors: Ahrari Sajjad , Khosravi Fatemeh , Osouli Ali , Sakhteman Amirhossein , Nematollahi Alireza , Ghasemi Younes , Savardashtaki Amir
Published: September 2019

Microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase, best known for its role in phosphorylating microtubule associated proteins, causing their detachment from microtubules. In the current study, the non-phosphorylated conformation of the activation loop was modeled in a structure representing the enzymatically inactive form of this protein, and its dynamics were evaluated through a 100 ns initial all-atom simulation, which was prolonged by another 2 μs. Although the activation loop was folding on itself and was leaning toward ATP site in the initial modeled structure, soon after the initiating the simulation, this loop stretched away from the ATP binding site and stably settled in its new position for the rest of simulation time. A network of hydrogen bonds, mainly between the activation segment residues, αC-helix and the catalytic loop reinforced this conformation. Interestingly, several features of active kinase conformation such as formation of R-spine, Glu106-Lys88 salt-bridge, and DFG-In motif were observed during a considerable number of trajectory frames. However, they were not sustainably established during the simulation time, except for the DFG-In motif. Consequently, this study introduces a stable conformation of the non-phosphorylated form of MARK4 protein with a partially stretched activation loop conformation as well as partial formation of R-spine, closely resembling the active kinase.
Arsenic mobilization in a high arsenic groundwater revealed by metagenomic and Geochip analyses
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Li Ping , Wang Yanhong , Liu Han , Wei Dazhun , Yuan Changguo , Wang Helin
Published: September 2019

Microbial metabolisms of arsenic, iron, sulfur, nitrogen and organic matter play important roles in arsenic mobilization in aquifer. In this study, microbial community composition and functional potentials in a high arsenic groundwater were investigated using integrated techniques of RNA- and DNA-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomic sequencing and functional gene arrays. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the sample was dominated by members ofProteobacteria(62.3–75.2%), such as genera ofSimplicispira(5.7–6.7%),Pseudomonas(3.3–5.7%),Ferribacterium(1.6–4.4%),Solimonas(1.8–3.2%),Geobacter(0.8–2.2%) andSediminibacterium(0.6–2.4%). Functional potential analyses indicated that organics degradation, assimilatory sulfate reduction, As-resistant pathway, iron reduction, ammonification, nitrogen fixation, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia were prevalent. The composition and function of microbial community and reconstructed genome bins suggest that high level of arsenite in the groundwater may be attributed to arsenate release from iron oxides reductive dissolution by the iron-reducing bacteria, and subsequent arsenate reduction by ammonia-producing bacteria featuringarsoperon. This study highlights the relationship between biogeochemical cycling of arsenic and nitrogen in groundwater, which potentially occur in other aquifers with high levels of ammonia and arsenic.
Polypharmacy and oral antidiabetic treatment for type 2 diabetes characterised by drug class and patient characteristics: A Japanese database analysis
Authors: Horii Takeshi , Iwasawa Makiko , Kabeya Yusuke , Atuda Koichiro
Published: September 2019

Polypharmacy (PP) occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) owing to multimorbidity. We evaluated concomitant PP and medication adherence in T2DM 3 years after initiation of administration of a hypoglycaemic agent using a nationwide claim-based database in Japan. Factors associated with medication PP and imperfect adherence were identified using multivariable logistic regression. PP was defined as using ≥6 medications. Patients with proportion of days covered (PDC) of <80% were defined as having poor medication adherence. A total of 884 patients were analysed. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, total number of consultations and body mass index (BMI) are factors that influence PP. Factors associated with PDC < 80% were 2–3, 4–5 and ≥ 6 medications compared with 1 medication, male sex, <17 consultations and age 50–59 and ≥ 60 years compared with <40 years. In conclusion, older age, high total number of consultations and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 are risk factors for PP. PP influenced good medication adherence at the end of the observation period.
Midfrontal neural dynamics distinguish between general control and inhibition-specific processes in the stopping of motor actions
Authors: Kaiser Jakob , Simon Natalie Annette , Sauseng Paul , Schütz-Bosbach Simone
Published: September 2019

Action inhibition, the suppression of action impulses, is crucial for goal-directed behaviour. In order to dissociate neural mechanisms specific to motor stopping from general control processes which are also relevant for other types of conflict adjustments, we compared midfrontal oscillatory activity in human volunteers via EEG between action inhibition and two other types of motor conflicts, unexpected action activation and unexpected action change. Error rates indicated that action activation was significantly easier than the other two equally demanding tasks. Midfrontal brain oscillations were significantly stronger for inhibition than for both other conflict types. This was driven by increases in the delta range (2–3 Hz), which were higher for inhibition than activation and action change. Increases in the theta range (4–7 Hz) were equally high for inhibition and change, but lower for action activation. These findings suggest that inhibition is facilitated by neural mechanisms specific to motor-stopping, with midfrontal delta being a potentially selective marker of motor inhibition.
Chemokines as the modulators of endometrial epithelial cells remodelling
Authors: Złotkowska A , Andronowska A
Published: September 2019

Previous studies highlighted chemokines as potential factors regulating changes in the endometrium during early pregnancy. The current study aimed to screen the effects of a broad range of chemokines and indicate those that are involved in porcine luminal epithelial (LE) cell remodelling. Messenger RNA expression of chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10 and CXCL12) and both the mRNA and protein expression of their receptors (CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4) were detected in LE cells. Exogenous CCL8 enhanced the proliferative and migration potential of LE cells and their motility in the environment with its stable concentration. The adhesive properties of LE cells were negatively affected by CCL8. However, CXCL12 positively affected the proliferation, motility and adhesion of LE cells as well as caused a decrease in MUC1 mRNA expression. To conclude, our studies determined that exogenous chemokines affected critical endometrial epithelial cell functions in the context of embryo implantation. We suggest that of all the examined factors, chemokine CCL8 participates in the establishment of a proper environment for embryo implantation, whereas CXCL12, apart from participation in endometrial receptivity, promotes embryo attachment.
Photon-Assisted Perfect Conductivity Between Arrays of Two-Level Atoms
Authors: Chang Chih-Chun , Lin Lee , Chen Guang-Yin
Published: September 2019

We investigate interactions between two (parallel) arrays of two-level atoms (2LA) via photons through quantum electrodynamical interaction with one array (the source array) connected to a particle source, and we study the (photo-)resistivity of the other array (the measured array). The wave function of the interacted photon propagating in an array is a Bloch wave with a gap in its eigenvalue (the photonic dispersion). Due to interactions between arrayed 2LA and the dressed photonic field with non-linear dispersion, the conduction behaviors of the measured array can be very diversified according to the input energy of the particle source connected to the source array, and their relative positions. As a result, the resistivity of the measured array can be zero or negative, and can also be oscillatory with respect to the incoming energy of the particle source of the source array, and the separation between arrays.
Author Correction: Human motor cortex relies on sparse and action-specific activation during laughing, smiling and speech production
Authors: Kern Markus , Bert Sina , Glanz Olga , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas , Ball Tonio
Published: September 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
High-accuracy bulk electronic bandmapping with eliminated diffraction effects using hard X-ray photoelectron momentum microscopy
Authors: Babenkov S. , Medjanik K. , Vasilyev D. , Chernov S. , Schlueter C. , Gloskovskii A. , Matveyev Yu. , Drube W. , Schönhense B. , Rossnagel K. , Elmers H.-J. , Schönhense G.
Published: September 2019

A key benefit of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) in the X-ray range is the significant increase of the information depth, thanks to the large inelastic mean-free-path of the escaping photoelectrons. In practice hard X-ray ARPES (HARPES) faces severe challenges by low cross sections, large photon momentum transfer, and in particular strong phonon scattering and photoelectron diffraction effects. Here, we show that these challenges can be overcome by extending ultra-efficient time-of-flight momentum microscopy into the hard X-ray regime. Phonon scattering destroys the initial momentum distribution but subsequent diffraction at the lattice imprints a pronounced Kikuchi-type pattern on the background signal. Moreover, the pattern of the valence electrons is modulated by diffraction as well. For the examples of the medium-weight element materials Mo and layered TiTe2, we demonstrate how comprehensive valence-band and core-level photoemission data taken under identical conditions can be used to effectively remove photoelectron diffraction effects in HARPES band maps.
Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids to 2H-chromenes leading to 3-arylchromane derivatives
Authors: Umeda Moeko , Sakamoto Kana , Nagai Tomotaka , Nagamoto Midori , Ebe Yusuke , Nishimura Takahiro
Published: September 2019

The Rh-catalyzed enantioselective addition of arylboronic acids to 2H-chromenes proceeded to give 3-arylchromanes with high enantioselectivity.
Rapid and room temperature detection of single nucleotide variation with enhanced discrimination by crowding assisted allele specific extension
Authors: Cui Miao , Zhou Xiaoyu , Chen Xiaoyu , Zheng Weihao , Bian Liming , Li Zigang , Zheng Bo
Published: September 2019

The crowding environments enhanced the discrimination in the kinetics based detection of single nucleotide variation with the allele specific extension reaction.
Ullmann-type N-arylation of anilines with alkyl(aryl)sulfonium salts
Authors: Tian Ze-Yu , Zhang Cheng-Pan
Published: September 2019

The first Ullmann-type N-arylation over traditional N-alkylation of anilines by using alkyl(aryl)sulfonium triflates is developed.
Boronated holey graphene: a case of 2D ferromagnetic metal
Authors: Nafday Dhani , Fang Hong , Jena Puru , Saha-Dasgupta Tanusri
Published: September 2019

In search of new candidates for two-dimensional ferromagnets, we consider boronated monolayer holey graphene (C2B), akin to recently synthesized and extensively studied nitrogenated monolayer holey graphene (C2N).
A quantum chemical study of hydrogen adsorption on carbon-supported palladium clusters
Authors: Warczinski Lisa , Hättig Christof
Published: September 2019

A key step for achieving better insight into catalytic hydrogenation reactions is to understand in detail the process of hydrogen adsorption on the catalyst.
Cercosporin-bioinspired selective photooxidation reactions under mild conditions
Authors: Li Jia , Bao Wenhao , Tang Zhaocheng , Guo Baodang , Zhang Shiwei , Liu Haili , Huang Shuping , Zhang Yan , Rao Yijian
Published: September 2019

Cercosporin was developed as a green and efficient organophotocatalyst for a wide range of selective oxidations with reactive oxygen species.
Is there such a thing as a molecular organic alloy?
Authors: Huang Xinjing , Liu Xiao , Ding Kan , Forrest Stephen R.
Published: September 2019

In inorganic materials, an alloy is a mixture of two or more substances that generally exhibits electronic and/or physical properties that differ from those of its constituents. No evidence for similar alloy properties is found for molecular organic solids.
A Mn3O4nanospheres@rGO architecture with capacitive effects on high potassium storage capability
Authors: Nithya Chandrasekaran , Vishnuprakash Palanivelu , Gopukumar Sukumaran
Published: September 2019

A two dimensional (2D) Mn3O4@rGO architecture has been investigated as an anode material for potassium-ion secondary batteries.
Engineering of cell factories for the production of natural products
Authors: Weber Tilmann
Published: September 2019

The Natural Product Reports themed issue on Engineering of cell factories for the production of natural products is introduced by the Guest Editor, Tilmann Weber.
Artificial spider silk is smart like natural one: having humidity-sensitive shape memory with superior recovery stress
Authors: Venkatesan Harun , Chen Jianming , Liu Haiyang , Kim Yoonjung , Na Sungsoo , Liu Wei , Hu Jinlian
Published: September 2019

Inspired by supercontraction, the recombinant spider dragline silk displayed humidity-responsive shape memory behaviour with impressive recovery stress.
Molecular design to increase the photosensitivity of photochromic phenoxyl–imidazolyl radical complexes
Authors: Li Ruiji , Arai Hiroki , Kobayashi Yoichi , Mutoh Katsuya , Abe Jiro
Published: September 2019

An efficient strategy to increase the photosensitivity of a fast photochromic molecule is demonstrated by introducing aryl groups as sensitizers.
Graphene oxide as a green carbon material for cross-coupling of indoles with ethers via oxidation and the Friedel–Crafts reaction
Authors: Peng Xiangjun , Zen Yong , Liu Qian , Liu Liangxian , Wang Hengshan
Published: September 2019

The first example of using GO as a carbon material facilitated C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond formation.
Interface structure regulation of a Ag lithiophilic layer towards uniform lithium nucleation/growth
Authors: Liu Yue , Huang‡ Shaobo , Wang Biyan , Yang Yusheng , Cao Gaoping , Xiong Yongchuang , Zhang Hao
Published: September 2019

An ideal lithiophilic modified layer of Ag nanoparticles on the Cu foil was achieved by controlling the reaction time and concentration of Ag+, which devote to the long-term cycles over 400 cycles without lithium density growth.
Correction: Blade coated P3HT:non-fullerene acceptor solar cells: a high-throughput parameter study with a focus on up-scalability
Authors: Pascual-San-José Enrique , Rodríguez-Martínez Xabier , Adel-Abdelaleim Rana , Stella Marco , Martínez-Ferrero Eugenia , Campoy-Quiles Mariano
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Blade coated P3HT:non-fullerene acceptor solar cells: a high-throughput parameter study with a focus on up-scalability’ by Enrique Pascual-San-José et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9ta07361b.
A near-infrared light-responsive nanocomposite for photothermal release of H2S and suppression of cell viability
Authors: Li Haifeng , Yao Yu , Shi Hui , Lei Yanli , Huang Yan , Wang Kemin , He Xiaoxiao , Liu Jianbo
Published: September 2019

Photothermal nanoparticles and thermo-labile precursors are combined together as a near-infrared light triggered photothermal H2S-release platform for synchronous photothermal stimulation and gas release to suppress cell viability.
Base editors: modular tools for the introduction of point mutations in living cells
Authors: Evanoff Mallory , Komor Alexis C.
Published: September 2019

Base editors are a new family of programmable genome editing tools that fuse ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) modifying enzymes to catalytically inactive CRISPR-associated (Cas) endonucleases to induce highly efficient single base changes. With dozens of base editors now reported, it is apparent that these tools are highly modular; many combinations of ssDNA modifying enzymes and Cas proteins have resulted in a variety of base editors, each with its own unique properties and potential uses. In this perspective, we describe currently available base editors, highlighting their modular nature and describing the various options available for each component. Furthermore, we briefly discuss applications in synthetic biology and genome engineering where base editors have presented unique advantages over alternative techniques.
Coherent Ray Tracing Simulation Of Non-Imaging Laser Beam Shaping With Multi-Aperture Elements
Authors: Kirner Raoul , Noell Wilfried , Scharf Toralf , Voelkel Reinhard
Published: September 2019

The application of laser light sources for illumination tasks like in mask aligner lithography relies on non-imaging optical systems with multi-aperture elements for beam shaping. When simulating such systems, the traditional approach is to separate the beam-shaping part (incoherent simulation) from dealing with coherence properties of the illuminating laser light source (diffraction theory with statistical treatment). We present an approach using Gaussian beam decomposition to include coherence simulation into ray tracing, combining these two parts, to get a complete picture in one simulation. We discuss source definition for such simulations, and verify our assumptions on a well-known system. We then apply our approach to an imaging beam shaping setup with microoptical multi-aperture elements. We compare the simulation to measurements of a similar beam-shaping setup with a 193 nm continuous-wave laser in a mask-aligner configuration.
Development of a Cost-Efficient Computer Controlled Optical Surfacing Process for Correcting Aspheric Lenses using Tool Influence Function based Dwelltime Optimization
Authors: Low Pei Liang , Messelink Wilhelmus A. C. M. , Weber Rene
Published: September 2019

A Computer Controlled Optical Surfacing (CCOS) system has been developed for correcting form errors on aspheric surfaces. Experiments were carried out to find the correlation between diﬀerent polishing parameters and polishing metrics such as removal rate, uniformity etc. Based on established polishing parameters, polishing process is developed to correct surface errors on planar, spherical and aspheric surfaces. A convolution model between TIF and dwell times was developed to simulate and solve for correction polishing. Surface accuracies of peak-to-valley (PV) 141 nm and root-mean-squared (RMS) 22 nm has been achieved for planar surface. For aspheric surface, current accuracy of 662 nm PV and of 115 nm RMS is achieved with further development ongoing.
Using A Digital Temperature Sensor To Measure The Temperature Development During A Polishing Process
Authors: Michael Benisch , Werner Bogner , Rolf Rascher
Published: September 2019

The temperature development within a lens is recorded during processing with a digital temperature sensor. The development of the temperature over time shows dependencies on the relative speed and the contact pressure on the polishing wheel. Furthermore, the amount of polishing suspension flowing into the polishing gap may have an influence on the temperature development.
NOPT – New polishing techniques for scalable, light-weighted mirrors of different materials
Authors: Spinelli Sebastiano , Arcangeli Luigina , Mazzoleni Ruben , Rossi Massimiliano , Terraneo Marco , Windpassinger Roman
Published: September 2019

In the framework of an assessment of optical polishing techniques, ESA has signed a contract with Media Lario to deliver two 250 mm mirrors with a common optical design to be polished down to very tight surface requirements. NOPT mirrors are respectively made of Zerodur and AlSi alloy with electroless nickel and will they be polished by means of bonnet polishing. Mirrors are light-weighted up to 20kg/m2; the mechanical and optical design is proven to be scalable up to 1m CA surfaces. This paper reviews the mirrors opto-mechanical design, introduce the polishing and metrology strategy while highlighting the differences and the common point in fabricating such mirror in Zerodur and metal.
Testing the transmitted wavefront of large aperture long-focallength lens using a multizone computer-generated hologram
Authors: Cui Jian-Peng , Zhang Ning , Liu Jie , Wu Di-Long , Xu Hua , Yan Ding-yao , Ma Ping
Published: September 2019

A method for testing the transmitted wavefront of large aperture long-focal-length lens with a multizone computer-generated hologram (CGH) is proposed. The multizone CGH has 5 zones: one main zone for the null testing of long-focal-length lens and four auxiliary zones for the pre-alignment of measured lens. Both 1st order wavefront and 0th order wavefront of CGH are measured, and 0th order wavefront is used to calibrate the substrate error. To verify this test approach, a 450mm×450mm multizone CGH is designed and fabricated for testing the spatial filter lens. Experiments and error analysis are carried out. The results show that the desired precision can be reached with use of CGH.
Effect of Pad Elastic Modulus on The Polishing Induced Plastic Subsurface Damages Distribution of Fused Silica Optics
Authors: He Xiang , Cai Chao , Ma Ping
Published: September 2019

The plastic subsurface damages distribution of fused silica optics polished with different pads are investigated. The elastic interaction model, plastic indentation model and wear relationships are combined together to theoretically characterize the plastic subsurface damages distribution in different polishing processes, which shows consistent results with experiments. It reveals that most of the polishing induced subsurface damages are plastic damages. A few largest polishing particles in the tail end distribution mainly decide the final depth distribution and density of the polishing induced plastic subsurface damages. The larger pad elastic modulus will make the few largest polishing particles bear much larger load and generate larger proportion of observable plastic subsurface damages. Using polishing pad with lower elastic modulus is prominent for restricting the generation of fractures and plastic damages.
Analysis of residual errors during computer controlled polishing
Authors: Killinger Simon , Haberl Alexander , Rascher Rolf
Published: September 2019

In computer controlled subapertur polishing the formation of mid spatial frequency errors (MSFE) needs special attention. In this work the formation of MSFE in feed direction is investigated using the ADAPT tool from Satisloh.
Investigation of Non-Uniformity of Classically-Polished Fused Silica Surfaces via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Gerhard Christoph , Hermann Jörg
Published: September 2019

In this contribution, the surface uniformity of classically-manufactured fused silica windows was investigated via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It is shown that for all investigated samples a comparatively high aluminium content was found at the edge of the surface with respect to its centre. This contamination can be attributed to residues from lapping and polishing agents and leads to a mentionable non-uniformity of the surface in terms of chemical composition and optical properties, respectively.
Fabrication of SiC Off-axis Aspheric Mirror by Using Robot Polishing
Authors: Liu Haitao , Yan Fengtao , Zhao Wenchuan , Wu Jieli , Zhou Min
Published: September 2019

Two silicon carbide (SiC) lightweight off-axis aspheric mirrors were fabricated by using robot polishing technology. One is a primary mirror with dimension 380mm×328mm, the other is a tertiary mirror with dimension 294mm×238mm. The robot polishing technology is the combination of CCOS technology and a 6-axises industrial robot. The setup of robot polishing system is discussed, and the mirror aspheric grinding, surface polishing and figuring process are reported in this paper. The final surface shape error of primary mirror is 11.4nm RMS, and the tertiary is 12.1nm RMS. The capability of off-axis aspheric mirror fabricating on robot polishing system is verified.
Microfluidic engineering for continuous in-flow cyto-tomography
Authors: Memmolo Pasquale , Villone Massimiliano M. , Merola Francesco , Miccio Lisa , Mugnano Martina , Maffettone Pier Luca , Ferraro Pietro
Published: September 2019

The possibility to investigate cells in microfluidic flow by using a full 3D morphometry analysis is highly demanded to achieve information about their healthiness. Recently, the tomographic flow cytometry by digital holography has been demonstrated to monitor red blood cells in microfluidics environment by simply applying flux pressure to induce random self-rotation of flowing cells. Here, we provide a microfluidic solution to engineer the flow with the aim to ensure the full 360 degree of angle rotation of all cells in the field of view. We test the proposed methods for circulating tumour cells.
Optofluidic lab-on-chips for high throughput 3D imaging of cells and tissues
Authors: Sala Federico , Paiè Petra , Memeo Roberto , Osellame Roberto , Farina Andrea , Bassi Andrea , Bragheri Francesca
Published: September 2019

Optofludic lab-on-chips are compact microsystems that allow the manipulation, the analysis and the imaging of cells with high throughput even at the single cell level. The optofluidic microscopes on chip here presented are fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining followed by chemical etching. The technique is ideally suited for rapid prototyping and allows 3D geometries and perfect alignment between microfluidic and optical components networks. The devices have been validated on cancer cell lines by imaging in three dimensions both clusters of cells growing on spheres and single cells.
Nanophotonic Metasurfaces for Biosensing and Imaging
Authors: Altug Hatice
Published: September 2019

Nanophotonics excels at confining light into nanoscale optical mode volumes and generating dramatically enhanced light matter interactions. These unique aspects have been unveiling a plethora of fundamentally new optical phenomena, yet a critical issue ahead for nanophotonics is the development of novel devices and applications that can take advantage of these nano-scale effects. It is expected that nanophotonics will lead to disruptive technologies in energy harvesting, quantum and integrated photonics, optical computing and including biosensing. To this end, our research is focused on the application of nanophotonics to introduce powerful biosensors that can have impact on a wide range of areas including basic research in life sciences, early disease diagnostics, safety and point-of-care testing. In particular, we exploit nanophotonics and its integration with microfluidics to address key challenges of current biosensors and develop devices that can enable label-free, ultra-sensitive, multiplexed, rapid and real-time measurements on biomolecules, pathogens and living systems. In this talk I will present some of our recent work on nanophotonic meta surfaces for biosensing and bioimaging as well as their applications in real-world settings.
Fast and Accurate Thickness Mapping of Thin Liquid Films
Authors: Wang Zhe , Ferraro Vincenzo , Mandracchia Biagio , Di Maio Ernesto , Maffettone Pier Luca , Ferraro Pietro
Published: September 2019

The thickness of thin liquid films is of great interest to industrial processes and life science. However, there are not appropriate quantitative experimental tools for an adequate study of film evolution in case of not-ideal conditions. Here, we show the application of a holographic system for the evaluation of the 3D topography and thickness of evolving protein films. We use a custom holographic microscope that combines quantitative phase imaging with materials engineering. This technique offers an unprecedented level of details and we anticipate that it will promote a deeper understanding of the underlying physics of thin film dynamics.
Bi-phase emulsion droplets as dynamic fluid optical systems
Authors: Nagelberg Sara , Goodling Amy , Subramanian Kaushikaram , Barbastathis George , Kreysing Moritz , Swager Tim , Zarzar Lauren , Kolle Mathias
Published: September 2019

Micro-scale optical components play a critical role in many applications, in particular when these components are capable of dynamically responding to different stimuli with a controlled variation of their optical behavior. Here, we discuss the potential of micro-scale bi-phase emulsion droplets as a material platform for dynamic fluid optical components. Such droplets act as liquid compound micro-lenses with dynamically tunable focal lengths. They can be reconfigured to focus or scatter light and form images. In addition, we discuss how these droplets can be used to create iridescent structural color with large angular spectral separation. Experimental demonstrations of the emulsion droplet optics are complemented by theoretical analysis and wave-optical modelling. Finally, we provide evidence of the droplets utility as fluidic optical elements in potential application scenarios.
Tunable optical lattices in the near-field of a few-mode nanophotonic waveguide
Authors: Pin Christophe , Jager Jean-Baptiste , Tardif Manon , Picard Emmanuel , Hadji Emmanuel , de Fornel Frédérique , Cluzel Benoît
Published: September 2019

Due to the action of the scattering force, particles that are optically trapped at the surface of a waveguide are propelled in the direction of the light propagation. In this work, we demonstrate an original approach for creating tunable periodic arrays of optical traps along a few-mode silicon nanophotonic waveguide. We show how the near-field optical forces at the surface of the waveguide are periodically modulated when two guided modes with different propagation constants are simultaneously excited. The phenomenon is used to achieve stable trapping of a large number of dielectric particles or bacteria along a single waveguide. By controlling the light coupling conditions and the laser wavelength, we investigate several techniques for manipulating the trapped particles. Especially, we demonstrate that the period of the optical lattice can be finely tuned by adjusting the laser wavelength. This effect can be used to control the trap positions, and thus transport the trapped particles in both directions along the waveguide.
Real-time Measurement of the Single Nanoparticle Electrophoretic Mobility
Authors: Yeroshenko Bohdan , Wassing Wouter , Mosk Allard P. , Faez Sanli
Published: September 2019

The electrophoretic mobility of a single nanoparticle depends on its surface charge and its environment. Thus the change of the mobility can reflect the change in its chemical and physical properties. We present a high-bandwidth method to measure the electrophoretic mobility, based on optical tweezers and electrophoresis. We envision studying of nanoscale chemical processes as a possible application of this method.
Two-level promotion and ordering policy in a supply chain
Authors: Tsao Yu-Chung , Fan Hui-Ling , Liao Lu-Wen , Vu Thuy-Linh , Lee Pei-Ling
Published: September 2019

This research develops two models to consider retailer sales promotion and manufacturer trade promotion under demand uncertainty. The objective of the first model is to determine the retailer’s optimal promotional effort and order quantity while maximizing the retailer’s profit under exogenous trade promotion. The second model extends the first to consider the manufacturer’s endogenous trade promotion decisions. For these models, three different trade promotion policies (off-invoice, scan-back, unsold-discount) have been compared to identify the policy that can increase the manufacturer’s and the retailer’s profits. For the model with exogenous trade promotion, the retailer’s promotional effort level, order quantity, and profit are highest under the off-invoice trade promotion policy. With respect to the manufacturer’s endogenous trade promotion decisions, the retailer’s promotional effort level, order quantity, and profit, and the manufacturer’s profit are higher under the off-invoice policy than under the scan-backs policy. When comparing the three different trade promotion policies, we also find that the wholesale price is a key factor that influences a manufacturer’s profit. Our research sheds light on the importance of trade promotion policy in supply chain management.
Sprechstimmprofil depressiver Störungen im Kindesalter und ihre Bedeutung für die Diagnostik in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie. Eine empirische Studie
Authors: Stang Philipp , Schleider Karin , Reimann Sandra
Published: September 2019

Hintergrund Analysen von Sprechstimmprofilen depressiver Kinder weisen spezifische sprechstimmliche Merkmale auf und können einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Diagnostik leisten.

Methode Es handelt sich um eine quasiexperimentelle Studie im Querschnittdesign zum Vergleich ausgewählter Faktoren der Sprechstimme depressiver und gesunder Kinder. 2018 wurden zwei Stichproben untersucht und jeweils Sprechstimmprofile erstellt.

Ergebnisse Es ergeben sich Unterschiede in den stimmlichen Parametern zwischen Kindern mit und ohne eine depressive Störung, welche sich in Teilen von den Ergebnissen erwachsener Sprecher unterscheiden.

Diskussion Es scheint nun möglich, über eine Sprechstimmanalyse einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Diagnostik von depressiven Störungen zu leisten.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Coagulopathy
Authors: von Roth Philipp , Thiele Kathi
Published: September 2019

Prior to a surgical intervention, the examination of patient coagulation disorders is unfortunately often underestimated. While patients with a haemophilia A or B are usually aware of the congenital tendency to bleed, disorders of increased blood coagulation, thrombophilia, are frequently undetected. Therefore, complications caused by thromboses and embolisms after total hip arthroplasty are far more common than uncontrollable post-operative bleeding. Patients with liver cirrhosis are considered to be particularly complicated and their coagulation status can be difficult to manage. This article describes the most common pathological coagulation disorders and provides information to identify them preoperatively. Furthermore, surgical strategy considerations for the use of certain implant types in this patient group are discussed.