bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of organic amendments on the nutritional value of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.)
Authors: Elizabeth Julie I. , Paul T. Sheela
Published: July 2021

Popularity of oyster mushroom is increasing because of its ease of cultivation, high yield potential as well as its unique nutritional value. Study with oyster mushrooms viz., Pleurotus florida, P. sajorcaju, P. eous, P. tuber-regium and Hypsizygus ulmarius revealed that the nutritional value of these mushrooms can be increased significantly when grown on paddy straw supplemented with organic amendments such as rice bran, neem cake, dry azolla, vermiwash and dry biogas slurry. In addition to increased yield, the organic supplements significantly increase thecrude protein, total free aminoacid, total carbohydrate and nutrients like N,P and K in oyster mushrooms. Nutrient content of the mushrooms varied with different concentrations of organic amendments used. In P. florida, H. ulmarius and P.tuber-regium paddy straw amended with dry azolla gave higher amount of crude protein content (35.4, 35.3 and 34.9, respectively). Paddy straw amended with dry azolla at 4 per cent, 6 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively recorded the maximum total free aminoacid in P. florida (0.6%), P. sajor-caju (0.43%) and H. ulmarius (0.56%). The major nutrient elements like N, P and K content also increased with addition of organic amendments.Thus, it is concluded from the study that supplementation of rice straw with rice bran, Neem cake, dry azolla, vermiwash and dry biogas slurry has strong impact in improving the crude protein, total free aminoacid, total carbohydrate and essential mineral nutrients such as N, P and Kcontent of oyster mushrooms.
El Tratamiento de Semillas con Nanomateriales de Carbono Impacta en el Crecimiento y Absorción de Nutrientes en Tomate Bajo Estrés Salino
Authors: López-Vargas E. R. , Pérez-Álvarez M. , Cadenas-Pliego G. , Hernández-Fuentes A. D. , Juárez-Maldonado A.
Published: July 2021

La salinidad es un estrés abiótico y restringe dramáticamente la producción mundial de cultivos. Los nanomateriales se usan actualmente para disminuir los efectos negativos de diversos tipos de estrés sobre los parámetros morfológicos, fisiológicos y bioquímicos de las plantas. En el presente estudio, se evaluaron los efectos de del tratamiento de semillas de tomate con nanotubos de carbono (CNT) y grafeno (GP) (50, 250 y 500 mg L-1) y dos controles (sin sonicar y sonicado) en el crecimiento, desarrollo y la absorción mineral en plantas de tomate sin estrés salino (Sin NaCl) y con estrés salino (50 mM NaCl).  La aplicación de GP y CNT en plantas sin estrés salino no afecto la mayoría de los parámetros morfológico, como el peso promedio de frutos y el rendimiento. Las biomasas frescas y secas tanto de raíz como de parte aérea fueron modificadas por los CNMs. Por otro lado, la altura de las plantas bajo salinidad aumento significativamente con el tratamiento de GP y CNT en la dosis mas baja (50 mg L-1). Mientras que el DT disminuyo notablemente. El número de frutos con pudrición apical y el % de daño fueron similares a los controles. Además, el tratamiento con GP y CNT modificó la concentración de macro y micro nutrientes en as hojas y frutos de las plantas de tomate. La aplicación de GP y CNT a las semillas en sus diferentes presenta efectos positivos y bajo condiciones de estrés salino pueden inducir respuestas benéficas para la plantas.
Factors related to psychological impairment and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Machado Fernanda Pâmela , Soares Marcos Hirata , Francisquini Patricia Dias , Luis Margarita Antonia Villar , Martins Julia Trevisan
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the factors related to psychological impairment and quality of life (QoL) of patients with schizophrenia. Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study, carried out with 119 schizophrenics. A questionnaire of sociodemographic and clinical variables was applied, plus BPRS-A and QLS-BR scales. Chi-square test and Spearman’s correlation were used, Results: seventy-seven were male and 44 were using typical medications. The “Number of times they were hospitalized” related to “Time of illness” that patients live with schizophrenia showed significance (p=0.266); 91.7% had a severe occupational level (n=109); 34.5% (n=41) had moderate impairment. Conclusion: the greater the degree of psychological impairment, the worse the QoL, this worsening may be related to several factors, as well as disease symptoms.
Cognitive capacity and functional development assessment in elderly people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Albernaz Emanuelle de Oliveira , Dutra Luz Marina Alfonso , Bastos Cláudia Regina Biancato , Sete Alexandra Rubim Camara , Carvalho Rawany Teixeira , Melo Manuela Costa
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the cognitive capacity and functional development of the elderly with and without diabetes. Methods: case-control study, comparing elderly people with and without diabetes. 218 patients interviewed in outpatient clinics: geriatrics and endocrinology. Validated instruments were used for cognitive and functional assessment. Results: people with diabetes had low scores on cognitive tests. HbA1c and education were related to memory loss, compromising the basic and instrumental activities of daily life. Conclusion: this study evaluated that high glycemic values affect the autonomy of the elderly, compromising cognition and functional performance in activities of daily living.
Effects of clown activities on patients eligible for palliative care in primary health care
Authors: Santos Fernando Ribeiro dos , Pinto Sandra , Pessalacia Juliana Dias Reis , Luchesi Bruna Moretti , Silva Lucimeire Aparecida da , Marinho Maristela Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the effects of clown activities on quality of life, depression, stress, anxiety, aid, and social support in patients eligible for palliative care (PC) attended in Primary Health Care (PHC). Method: A quasi-experimental study, with pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluation, carried out with 16 patients eligible for early PC in PHC in a Midwestern city. Patients received 24 visits with home-based clown activities. Results: The interventions evidenced improved quality of life and social support, with significant results for the Social Activities dimension (p = 0.023). Increased scores for Anxiety (p = 0.007) and Depression (p = 0.023) were also observed. Conclusion: Clown activities can bring positive results for the quality of life and social support of patients eligible for PC at home. They should be encouraged to interact with family knowledge and enhance humanized care, integral and centered on human relationships in PHC.
Pelvic floor dysfunction in primiparous women up to 6 months after delivery: cohort study
Authors: Oliveira Sheyla Guimarães , Caroci-Becker Adriana , Mendes Edilaine de Paula Batista , Riesco Maria Luiza Gonzalez , Oliveira Robson da Costa , Oliveira Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze pelvic floor muscular strength (PFMS), urinary (UI) and anal (AI) incontinence and dyspareunia in primiparous women up to 6 months after normal or cesarean delivery. Methods: this is a prospective cohort with 169 women (128 normal births, 41 cesarean sections), followed between 50-70 and 170-190 days postpartum, when PFMS was measured using perineometry, and UI and AI and dyspareunia, through interview. Results: PFMS, UI and dyspareunia were similar between types of delivery. The difference was significant only for the time elapsed, with improvement in the studied period (2 and 6 months postpartum). Regarding AI, there was a significant difference between 2 and 6 months postpartum, with an interaction between type of delivery and time (p=0.022). Conclusion: the type of delivery did not show any influence on pelvic floor dysfunctions, except for AI. For all outcomes, there was an improvement in the period studied.
Improving geocoding matching rates of structured addresses in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Cortes Taísa Rodrigues , Silveira Ismael Henrique da , Junger Washington Leite
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Strategies for improving geocoded data often rely on interactive manual processes that can be time-consuming and impractical for large-scale projects. In this study, we evaluated different automated strategies for improving address quality and geocoding matching rates using a large dataset of addresses from death records in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mortality data included 132,863 records with address information in a structured format. We performed regular expressions and dictionary-based methods for address standardization and enrichment. All records were linked by their postal code or street name to the Brazilian National Address Directory (DNE) obtained from Brazil’s Postal Service. Residential addresses were geocoded using Google Maps. Records with address data validated down to the street level and location type returned as rooftop, range interpolated, or geometric center were considered a geocoding match. The overall performance was assessed by manually reviewing a sample of addresses. Out of the original 132,863 records, 85.7% (n = 113,876) were geocoded and validated, out of which 83.8% were matched as rooftop (high accuracy). Overall sensitivity and specificity were 87% (95%CI: 86-88) and 98% (95%CI: 96-99), respectively. Our results indicate that address quality and geocoding completeness can be reliably improved with an automated geocoding process. R scripts and instructions to reproduce all the analyses are available at https://github.com/reprotc/geocoding.
Epidemiological characteristics and temporal trends of new leprosy cases in Brazil: 2006 to 2017
Authors: Pescarini Júlia Moreira , Teixeira Camila Silveira Silva , Silva Nívea Bispo da , Sanchez Mauro Niskier , Natividade Marcio Santos da , Rodrigues Laura Cunha , Penna Maria Lúcia Fernandes , Barreto Maurício Lima , Brickley Elizabeth B. , Penna Gerson Oliveira , Nery Joilda Silva
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Our study aims to describe trends in new case detection rate (NCDR) of leprosy in Brazil from 2006 to 2017 overall and in subgroups, and to analyze the evolution of clinical and treatment characteristics of patients, with emphasis on cases diagnosed with grade 2 physical disabilities. We conducted a descriptive study to analyze new cases of leprosy registered in the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases (SINAN), from 2006-2017. We calculated the leprosy NCDR per 100,000 inhabitants (overall and for individuals aged < 15 and ≥ 15 years) by sex, age, race/ethnicity, urban/rural areas, and Brazilian regions, and estimated the trends using the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. We analyzed the distributions of cases according to relevant clinical characteristics over time. In Brazil, there was a sharp decrease in the overall NCDR from 23.4/100,000 in 2006 to 10.3/100,000 in 2017; among children < 15 years, from 6.94 to 3.20/100,000. The decline was consistent in all Brazilian regions and race/ethnicity categories. By 2017, 70.2% of the cases were multibacillary, 30.5% had grade 1 (G1D) or 2 (G2D) physical disabilities at diagnosis and 42.8% were not evaluated at treatment completion/discharge; cases with G2D at diagnosis were mostly detected in urban areas (80%) and 5% of cases died during the treatment (leprosy or other causes). Although the frequency of leprosy NCDR decreased in Brazil from 2006 to 2017 across all evaluated population groups, the large number of cases with multibacillary leprosy, physical disabilities or without adequate evaluation, and among children suggest the need to reinforce timely diagnosis and treatment to control leprosy in Brazil.
In vitro antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesised using the seed extracts of three varieties of Phoenix dactylifera
Authors: Aldayel F. M. , Alsobeg M. S. , Khalifa A.
Published: July 2021

Abstract Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is an ecofriendly, cost-effective and promising approach for discovery of novel therapeutics. The aim of the current work was to biogenic synthesize, characterize AgNPs using seed extracts of three economically important varieties of date palm (Iklas, Irziz and Shishi), and assess their anti-pathogenic bacterial activities. AgNPs were synthesised then characterised using electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared analyses. The bactericidal activities of AgNPs against five different bacterial pathogens, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, were determined in vitro. In particular, changes in membrane integrity of virulent bacterial strains in response to AgNPs were investigated. Results of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase activity assays, and measurement of membrane potential revealed that the cytotoxic effects of the AgNPs were mainly centred on the plasma membrane of bacterial cells, leading to loss of its integrity and eventually cell death. In conclusion, green synthesis of AgNPs is an efficient, cost-effective and promising strategy to combat virulent antibiotic-resistant strains.
A comparative study on the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in stored grains rice
Authors: Iqbal J. , Ahmad S. , Ali Q.
Published: July 2021

Abstract Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) now a possible safer microbial control measure that could be considered as a substitute for chemical control of insect pests. Three EPF viz., Metarihizium anisopliae, Isaria furnosoroseus and Beauveria bassiana were evaluated for their virulence against the grubs of Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium (Everts) under laboratory conditions. The isolates were applied by two methods viz., diet incorporation and an immersion method with 3rd instar 20 grubs of T. granarium for each. The virulence of EPF was determined using percent mortality. Significantly higher mortality was observed in M. anisopliae applied through immersion (98.33%) and diet incorporation (93.33%) methods followed by B. bassiana (90.83 and 85.83%, respectively). The mortality caused by I. furnosoroseus was statistically lower in immersion and diet incorporation methods i.e. 81.67 and 73.33%, respectively. Based on the immersion method, all EPF were studied for multiple conidial concentration i.e., 1×104, 1×105, 1×106, 1×107 and 1×108 under the same in-vitro conditions. All the isolates were pathogenic to grub of T. granarium at the highest conidial concentration. M. anisopliae was proved the most effective virulent resulting in 98.33% mortality of the pest with LT50 4.61 days at 1 × 108 conidial concentration followed by 90.83 and 81.67 percent mortality with 5.07 and 8.01 days LT50, in the application of B. bassiana and I. furnosoroseus, respectively. M. anisopliae showed higher efficacy and could be considered as promising EPF for the development of myco-insecticides against effective biocontrol of T. granarium.
Escribir para aprender en dos disciplinas: construcción conjunta del conocimiento y extensión del tiempo didáctico
Authors: Molina María Elena , Colombo Laura Marina
Published: July 2021

Resumen En las últimas décadas, los vínculos entre la escritura y el aprendizaje han sido ampliamente estudiados. En la enseñanza superior, en particular, los investigadores se han centrado en las producciones de los estudiantes, en sus puntos de vista respecto de la escritura en las diferentes disciplinas y en las complejas relaciones entre los contenidos de las disciplinas y las prácticas de escritura, entre otros. Sin embargo, escasas investigaciones se centran en las prácticas docentes que entrelazan la escritura y los contenidos disciplinarios. Este trabajo analiza dos aspectos claves de las prácticas de enseñanza cuando se escribe para aprender: el tiempo didáctico y las responsabilidades en la construcción del conocimiento. Los resultados forman parte de una investigación didáctica diseñada como un estudio de casos múltiples en dos disciplinas universitarias (Lingüística y Biología). Los casos estudiados pertenecen a dos cursos de primer año impartidos en dos de las principales universidades argentinas. Las técnicas de recolección de datos incluyeron, principalmente, análisis de documentos, observaciones de clase y entrevistas semiestructuradas con los estudiantes. En este sentido, centrándose en las observaciones de clase, este trabajo muestra cómo se amplió el tiempo de enseñanza en esos cursos al entrelazar las prácticas de enseñanza con la escritura como herramienta de aprendizaje. En estas clases, la escritura prolongó el tiempo didáctico en la medida en que los estudiantes tuvieron la oportunidad de escribir fuera de las aulas y de discutir lo que escribieron dentro de ellas. Además, esta práctica ayudó a estudiantes y profesores a compartir, de manera más simétrica, las responsabilidades vinculadas con la construcción del conocimiento.
Comunicação interprofissional em unidade de emergência: estudo de caso
Authors: Coifman Alyne Henri Motta , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Jesus Ana Paula Santos de , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear fatores internos e externos em uma unidade de emergência que interferem na prática comunicativa interprofissional. Método: Estudo de caso único realizado na unidade de emergência de um hospital geral. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação participante, análise documental e entrevista semiestruturada, triangulados e submetidos à análise temática, a partir de categorias definidas a priori, baseadas na matriz SWOT. Resultados: Participaram 22 profissionais de saúde. Quanto aos pontos fortes e oportunidades, constatou-se que os profissionais compreendem a importância da comunicação como medida de segurança, utilizam a passagem de plantão e a comunicação escrita para compartilhar informações. Porém, a superlotação, a sobrecarga de trabalho, a ausência de padronização de condutas, a inexperiência de profissionais e o déficit no relacionamento interprofissional são fatores dificultadores de uma comunicação efetiva. Conclusão: O processo comunicativo interprofissional fragilizado dificulta a interação e o compartilhamento de informações para a tomada de decisões compartilhadas que possibilite a continuidade do cuidado de maneira segura.
Examination of the Coating Method in Transferring Phase-Changing Materials
Authors: Uyar Makbule Nur , Sarıışık Ayşe Merih , Kartal Gülşah Ekin
Published: July 2021

This study intends to identify the characteristics of heat regulation in heat storage microencapsulated fabrics and to examine the effect of the microcapsules application method. For this purpose, phase-changing material (PCM) microcapsules were applied by impregnation and coating methods on cotton fabrics. The presence and distribution of microcapsules on the fabric surface were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The temperature regulation of the fabrics was examined using a temperature measurement sensor and data recorder system (thermal camera). According to the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, melting in fabrics coated with microcapsules occurred between 25.83°C–31.04°C and the amount of heat energy stored by the cotton fabric during the melting period was measured as 2.70 J g−1. Changes in fabric surface temperature due to the presence of microcapsules in the fabric structure were determined. When comparing the PCM capsules transfer methods, the contact angle of impregnated and coated fabric was obtained as 42° and 73°, respectively. Analysis of the microcapsules transferred to the fabric by impregnation and coating methods shows that the PCM transferred fabric prepared by the impregnation method performs more efficient temperature regulation. However, the analysis shows that PCM transferred fabrics prepared by coating also perform heat absorption, although not as much as the impregnation method. Performance evaluation according to the target properties of the textile will give the most accurate results for fabrics treated by coating and impregnation methods.
Regulating the effects of climate change on weather resilience: a spectrum of practice
Authors: Marsland Rhona , Taylor Howard , Kelly Dermot
Published: July 2021

Climate change and the need for weather-resilient infrastructure is introducing new safety, performance and financial challenges and opportunities to regulators and those that are regulated. As the safety and economic regulator for railways in Great Britain, the Office of Rail and Road is required to protect the interests of rail users and funders by improving the safety, value and performance of railways, today and in the future. The approach to and understanding of climate change and weather resilience is developing; however, there is an expectation of infrastructure managers to make their asset types more resilient to climate change. This paper explores potential gaps in industry knowledge, what is ‘good’ practice, how to assess safety and efficiency and how to measure value. Understanding these questions will inform an approach. Regulatory experience suggests that a spectrum of practice exists, from more resilient business as usual to technology adoption. Regional variation has implications for funding, accountability and stakeholders. In this paper, the authors have collected examples across the spectrum; these have been grouped into four themes and an accessible model created to optimise decision making. The authors conclude that proactive value-driven approaches to weather resilience are possible but will require organisational adaptability and recognition that there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach.
Riesgo de adicción a redes sociales e Internet y su relación con habilidades para la vida y socioemocionales en una muestra de estudiantes de bachillerato del municipio de Envigado
Authors: Klimenko Olena , Cataño Restrepo Yuly Andrea , Otalvaro Isabel , Úsuga Echeverri Sandra Judith
Published: July 2021

Introducción: Continuo aumento en el uso de redes sociales e internet, sobre todo en la población de adolescentes, requiere profundizar en el fenómeno, identificando tanto su uso problemático, como los fatores relacionados con un posible riesgo de adicción.

Objetivo: valorar el riesgo de adicción a redes sociales e internet y su relación con habilidades para la vida y socioemocionales en una muestra de adolescentes.

Método: un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, de nivel correlacional, con un diseño transversal; la muestra fue compuesta por 221 estudiantes de un colegio público; se empleo la Escala de riesgo de adicción a las redes sociales e internet (ERA-RSI), escala de habilidades para la vida y varias escalas para valorar las habilidades socioemocionales.

Resultados: Se identifico un nivel medio de riesgo de adicción en la muestra del estudio, las mujeres puntuaron mas alto en síntomas de adicción, uso social y nomofobia, obteniendo el género masculino puntajes más altos en rasgos frikis. Igualmente, se observó un bajo puntaje en las habilidades para la vida y en la mayoría de las habilidades socioemocionales valoradas. Las mujeres mostraron mayores habilidades para la vida que los hombres. Se identificaron las correlaciones negativas entre las variables: total de riesgo de adición con las habilidades para la vida; rasgos frikis con empatía y manejo de emociones, resiliencia y autoeficacia; nomofobia con autoeficacia y tolerancia a la frustración; síntomas de adicción con satisfacción vital y tolerancia a la frustración; uso de redes sociales con el manejo de tensiones y estrés. Igualmente, se identificaron correlaciones positivas entre el uso de redes sociales y varias dimensiones constituyentes de las habilidades sociales.

Conclusiones: Las deficiencias en las habilidades blandas de los adolescentes podrían estar relacionados con el aumento de riesgo de adición a redes sociales e internet. Por otro lado, un buen desarrollo de estas habilidades, sumado a otros factores protectores, podría contribuir a un manejo responsable y cuidadoso del mundo virtual.
Sexualidades mediatizadas. Estado del arte, jóvenes, educación y medios digitales
Authors: Parra Ordoñez Stephanny
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación en torno al panorama de los estudios sobre jóvenes, educación sexual y medios digitales, durante las últimas dos décadas. A modo de estado del arte se buscó identificar las principales tendencias, problematizaciones y rutas metodológicas en el campo de indagación que vincula a los y las jóvenes con la educación para la sexualidad y los medios digitales. La revisión se realizó a partir de ciento nueve artículos investigativos realizados en catorce países, dando prioridad a los estudios identificados en Colombia. Tales estudios fueron agrupados a partir de tres categorías desarrolladas a lo largo del documento: 1) Intersecciones entre la educación para la sexualidad, jóvenes y medios digitales 2) Educación para la sexualidad: entre la visión biologicista, manuales y políticas de educación sexual 3) Jóvenes, sexualidades y medios digitales. A modo de conclusiones se exponen las reiteraciones identificadas tanto en fuentes teóricas como metodológicas, las cuales hacen énfasis en la investigación cualitativa, resaltando los trabajos de autores como Michael Foucault, Zygmunt Bauman, Judith Butler y Donna Haraway. Por último, se plantea la necesidad de reconocer los modos en que los y las jóvenes viven parte de su sexualidad en y a través de los medios digitales, como un punto de partida para la reflexión pedagógica a propósito de la educación para la sexualidad.
Mudanças de hábitos e saúde dos estudantes após ingresso na universidade
Authors: Muniz Gustavo De Barros Araújo , Garrido Edleusa Nery
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento de publicações sobre a vida do estudante do Ensino Superior demonstra o interesse crescente da comunidade científica sobre o tema. Tais estudos apontam para alterações na saúde dessa população após ingresso nesse nível de ensino. OBJETIVO: Investigar mudanças nos hábitos de vida dos estudantes que ingressam na universidade e o impacto em sua saúde física e mental. MÉTODOS: Foi adotada uma pesquisa qualitativa, com o uso de entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada em oito estudantes. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo, o que resultou em três categorias temáticas: Mudanças nos hábitos (alimentação, sono, atividades físicas, lazer e descanso); Impactos (físicos e mentais); Determinantes envolvidos na formação de novos hábitos (socioeconômicos, acadêmicos, familiares e afetivos e outros). RESULTADOS: A alimentação foi uma das dimensões que mais apresentou alterações, assim como o sono. Quanto aos impactos físicos, foram apontadas dores musculares, cefaleias tensionais, enxaquecas e agravamento de distúrbios, como gastrite. Nos impactos mentais, registrou-se os sintomas de estresse, cansaço, desmotivação e sentimentos de solidão, impotência, isolamento, desejo de desistir e agravamento de sofrimentos psíquicos já existentes, como depressão e ansiedade. Os determinantes mais frequentes foram os sociais, que abrangem as condições socioeconômicas dos estudantes, seguido dos educacionais, que abrangem o ambiente acadêmico. CONCLUSÃO: A experiência no Ensino Superior, neste caso, na universidade, provoca mudanças nos hábitos dos estudantes após ingresso, o que resulta em impactos em sua saúde, e sugere a necessidade de se repensar as formas de seu funcionamento.
CELL STORAGE-02-Freezing and Thawing Protocol for Suspension Cell Lines v1
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Luini Alessandra , Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Albizzati Mariagiulia , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca , Luini Alessandra , Luini Alessandra
Published: July 2021

In our institute, cell lines are stored after freezing procedure that provides for a constant temperature lowering by 1 degree/minute. This procedure is useful to minimizes ice crystals formation during freezing process, this allow to reduce the cells damage and, in turn increasing cells viability after thawing. After storage at -80°C or in liquid nitrogen (in relation to subsequent applications or the expected freezing time) cells are thawed rapidly in a water bath at 37°C and the cryopreserving-medium is immediately remove by gentle centrifugation in order to reduce as soon as possible, the DMSO toxic effect. Currently, in our institute, the freezing/thawing procedure is validated for the following cell lines: PC-12, Rat adrenal phaeochromocytoma, small irregularly shaped cells morphology, suspension growth mode. After freezing/thawing procedure, cells quality must be assessed by cell morphology evaluation (using Optical Microscopy technique) and time required to reach confluence in the T25 cm2 culture flask, which must not exceed the times indicated in the Table 1. After quality test cells must be resuspended according to specific protocols (for details see Table 2). List of published work by our institute that using this procedure Cosentino M, Marino F, Rasini E, Legnaro M, Bombelli R, Luini A, Pacchetti B. Improved solubility and increased biological activity of NeoSol™RCL40, a novel Red Clover Isoflavone Aglycones extract preparation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Mar;111:91-98. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.065. Epub 2018 Dec 19. PMID: 30579257.
Comparative effectiveness of simultaneous and staged operations in patients with atherosclerotic lesions of carotid and coronary arteries
Authors: Ismoilova A. B. , Sultanbaeva N. M.U. , Abdurakhmanov A. A. , Umarova Sh. Z. , Dzhalalova D. Kh. , Dzhalalov S. Ch.
Published: July 2021

Objective: comparative systematic analysis of clinical trials of staged and simultaneous approaches in the surgical treatment of combined carotid and coronary stenosis based on the literature search.

Material and methods. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Scopus using predefined acceptance criteria. To compare data of simultaneous and staged surgery cumulative indicators of heart attack, stroke and mortality, expressed as percentages and absolute numbers, were analyzed; the Mantel–Hensel formula and the χ2 method were used to assess the relative risk of major adverse cardio-cerebral events development and mortality.

Results. The analysis included 7 studies containing one intervention (4 simultaneous and 3 stage methods). The risk of developing myocardial infarction was RR 0.13 (95% CI 0.02–0.67) for simultaneous tactics, and RR 7.79 (95% CI 1.5–40.43) for staged tactics (p˂0.005). The risk of stroke developing was RR 1.29 (95% CI 0.56–2.99) for a simultaneous approach, and RR 0.78 (95% CI 0.33–1.8) for stage approach (p˃0.05). The risk of mortality was RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.31–1.88) for simultaneous procedures, and RR 1.3 (95% CI 0.53–3.18) for staged procedures (p˃0.05).

Conclusion. Staged tactics for combined carotid and coronary stenosis may be accompanied by a significantly higher risk of myocardial infarction. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the risk of stroke and mortality, but there was a trend towards a higher risk of stroke in the simultaneous group and a higher risk of death from all causes in the staged group.
Analysis of the availability and affordability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care
Authors: Medvedeva D. M. , Narkevich I. A. , Nemyatykh O. D.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to analyze the availability and affordability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care.

Materials and methods. The price, affordability and physical availability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care were analyzed in accordance with the Health Action International guidelines of the World Health Organization. Linear distribution index (LDI) was calculated to produce the best estimates of availability. Research data was sourced from AlphaRM (as of April 26, 2021) and International Medicine Reference Piece Data. The data array was based on the fiscal data provided by pharmacies. The research was carried out on the total population of pharmacies in the Russian Federation (69,050 pharmacies) and in St. Petersburg (1986 pharmacies).

Results. Pharmaceutical price and affordability estimates show that low-priced generics, which cover over 75% of the whole range, have the most optimal median value of the median price ratio (MPR<1) on top of low affordability ratios (AR<1). Ibuprofen, paracetamol, gabapentin, diazepam, morphine, midazolam, and carbamazepine were found to be the least affordable medications, price-wise (MPR>1). Midazolam (AR=2.494), morphine (AR=2.324), and celecoxib (AR=1.373) had low affordability. Notably, prescription-based pharmaceuticals such as diazepam, midazolam, tramadol, morphine, and fentanyl had the lowest physical availability scores (LDI<3%) in the Russian market compared to the relatively high scores of over-the-counter drugs (LDI>60%).

Conclusions. The results call for better organizational action in the pharmaceutical industry to provide due drug regimens to children in need of palliative care.
Distance Learning: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Lukin V.N.
Published: July 2021

Life has drastically revisioned the form of higher education, transitioning from the traditional face-to-face learning to the distance learning. What have we lost in the educational process? Have we managed to compensate the losses? If so, then how? What can be said about the graduates educational level? Are the prospects actually so dim?
Use of Information Sources by Faculty Members of Allopathy and Ayurveda Colleges in Kerala: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Prakasan P. M.
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the use of Internet and information resources by the faculty members of government medical colleges in Kerala and makes a comparative analysis of Allopathy and Ayurveda college teachers. Stratified sampling method was used to select the sample of 273 faculty members of Allopathy colleges and 123 faculty members from Ayurveda colleges. A questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. The analysis reveals that there exist significant differences between Allopathy and Ayurveda college faculty members in terms of the purpose of using Internet. There are differences between Allopathy and Ayurevda faculty members of Kerala. A few suggestions have been made to enhance the quality and quantity of information resources and services in these colleges.
Disseminating the Research Output of Major Indian R & D Organization’s through Open Access Institutional Repositories: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Barve Sunita , Naika Manju
Published: July 2021

This study examines the implementation status of institutional repositories (IRs) in Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) laboratories. It assesses the level at which CSIR laboratories have updated their publications in IRs to facilitate open access to scholarly publications. The paper discusses the challenges faced by CSIR IRs in maintaining open access and updating content regularly. It identifies publications indexed in the WoS database and also discusses the open access initiatives at CSIR labs. The study suggests an effective strategy for successfully implementing IRs and covering the entire set of publications of CSIR laboratories.
A Critical Analysis of Heart Diseases Research Literature Based on the Scopus Database during the Period 2009-2018
Authors: Shukla Ravi
Published: July 2021

The study aims to examine heart diseases research productivity during 2009-2018as indexed in the Scopus database. The study examines various scientometric parameters. It was found that a total of 5056 publications received 65165 citations and the maximum 645 publications were came in the year 2016. The relative growth rate (RGR) was shown in decreasing trends (0.85 to 0.14) while the Doubling time (Dt) is depicted in increasing trends (0.81 to 5.34) during the period of study. The average degree of authors’ collaboration, collaboration coefficient and the collaborative index was recorded (0.98), (0.77) and (4.70) respectively. Saxena, A was the most productive author from All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi with 55 publications in heart diseases research; 29 h-index and a total 3608 citations, followed by Talwar, S with the same institution contributed 50 research papers; 17 h-index; and 1407 citations and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi is also most productive institution with 431 contributions published in Indian Journal of Pediatrics, followed by Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research with 175 contribution. Medicine is the most famous subject area in heart diseases research with 3401 publications, followed by Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology with 857 publications. The most significant keywords are Human in 3695 publication, followed by Article keyword in 2787 publications. Indian Heart Journal was the most popular journal with 208 publications and the journal cite score was (0.79), followed by Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research with 153 publications while the particular journal cites score is (0.86). The most famous funding agency name is Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) with 68 publications, followed by National Institute of Health (NIH) with 32 contributions from the marked period of study.
A Gap Analysis to Measure Service Quality of Agricultural and Medical University Libraries of Haryana and Punjab States of India through Users’ Perspectives: Applying LibQUAL+ Model
Authors: Partap Bhanu
Published: July 2021

The study is aimed at investigating the gaps in user’s perception of quality of services provided by the agricultural and medical university libraries of Haryana and Punjab. This study is conducted with the help of locally modified questionnaire based on LibQUAL+ tool. Findings of the study revealed wide gaps on all the dimensions of LibQUAL+ tool across universities under study. However, among the agricultural universities, the users at HAU were happier with the library services as compared to the users of PAU. On the other hand, among the medical universities, users of BFUHS were more satisfied with the library services as compared to the users of PBDSUS. Overall, the agricultural university libraries were providing good quality services as compared to medical university libraries.
Effect of peritonsillar prilocaine infiltration on post-tonsillectomy pain in pediatric population
Authors: TAŞ Burak Mustafa , ERDEN Burak , ŞİMŞEK Gökçe
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of peritonsillar prilocaine in post-tonsillectomy pain by using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Materials and Methods: A total of 40 pediatric patients were included in this study. There were 20 patients in the prilocaine group (Group 1) and 20 patients in the control group (Group 2). In Group 1, peritonsillar prilocaine infiltration was performed. In Group 2, peritonsillar saline infiltration was performed. VAS scores of at the postoperative 1st, 4th, 12th and 24th hours and on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th days were evaluated. In addition, the presence of nausea and vomiting and the number of additional doses of intravenous paracetamol administered in the first 24 hours were evaluated.

Results: When the groups were compared, a significant reduction in post-tonsillectomy pain was observed in the prilocaine group at the 1st, 4th and 12th hours compared to the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in other scores. There was no significant difference between the groups for nausea and vomiting and consumption of paracetamol values.

Conclusion: Peritonsillar prilocaine infiltration was effective in post-tonsillectomy pain at the 1st, 4th and 12th hours postoperatively. Thus, peritonsillar prilocaine infiltration can be used in post-tonsillectomy pain because it is fast and effective.
Is there any relationship between frontal QRS-T angle and subclinical hypothyroidism?
Authors: USALP Songul , ALTUNTAŞ Emine , BAĞIRTAN Bayram , BAYRAKTAR Ali
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a relationship between frontal QRS-T angle on ECG and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH).

Materials and Methods: A total of 115 individuals included in this study, 41 patients have SCH and 74 individuals as healthy control group. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level > 4.5 mU/mL was determined for the diagnosis of SCH. All patients demographic, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data were collected and compared between the two groups.

Results: The TSH level (5.7 [4.5-20] vs 1.2 [0.4-4.3] mlU/L), body mass index (BMI) (30.7 ± 6.4 vs 28.1 ± 5.3 kg/m2) and frontal QRS-T angle values (40 [2-188] vs 15 [1-86] degree) were higher in patients with SCH. However, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values were lower in subclinical hypothyroidism patients (58.9 ± 3.1 vs 60.8 ± 2.9). Correlations analysis showed the BMI (r=0.267, p=0.007) and frontal QRS-T angle were positively correlated (r=0.294, p=0.001), but LVEF were negatively correlated (r=-0.218, p=0.019) with TSH level. The multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that only age (OR:0.304 95% CI [0.242 – 1.147]) and), and subclinical hypothyroidism (OR:0.407 95% CI [15.175 – 42.494]) were a potential risk factors for increased of frontal QRS-T angle.

Conclusion: The SCH was found to be an independent risk factor for increased of frontal QRS-T angle.Frontal QRS-T angle can be considered as one of the ECG parameters that should be noted in cardiovascular risk estimation in patients with SCH.
Seismogenic Faults of the Changning Earthquake Sequence Constrained by High-Resolution Seismic Profiles in the Southwestern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Lu Renqi , He Dengfa , Liu Jing-Zeng , Tao Wei , Huang Hanyu , Xu Fang , Liu Guanshen
Published: July 2021

The seismicity rate in the southwestern Sichuan basin, China, dramatically increased after 2014. The associated moderate earthquakes may have been induced by salt mining or shale gas exploration. The location of the seismogenic faults causing these moderate earthquakes has not been confirmed, resulting in a lack of understanding of the earthquake mechanisms in the study area. The detailed structural characteristics of pre-existing faults, which are typically responsible for induced seismicity, are unclear. In this study, we used high-resolution seismic reflection profiles in conjunction with geological, seismologic, and geodetic data to reveal the 3D distributions of the seismogenic faults. Basement thrust faults in the Changning anticline were identified using seismic interpretations and are associated with the 2019 Changning earthquake sequence. The geometry and location of these pre-existing faults are consistent with previous studies of the seismology and structural geology in the area. The well-developed pre-existing fault system in the sedimentary cover and basement makes the Changning area vulnerable to induced earthquakes. Present-day reactivation of the basement fault system reveals the unstable state of the local tectonic stress field. It is possible that the potential seismic risk in this region could be increased by industrial activity in the southwestern Sichuan basin.
Comment on “Two Foreshock Sequences Post Gulia and Wiemer (2019)” by Kelian Dascher-Cousineau, Thorne Lay, and Emily E. Brodsky
Authors: Gulia Laura , Wiemer Stefan
Published: July 2021

Dascher-Cousineau et al. (2020) apply the so-called foreshock traffic-light system (FTLS) model proposed by Gulia and Wiemer (2019) to two earthquake sequences that occurred after the submission of the model: the 2019 Ridgecrest (Mw 7.1) and the 2020 Mw 6.4 Puerto Rico earthquakes. We show in this comment that the method applied by Kelian Dascher-Cousineau et al. (2020) deviates in at least six substantial and not well-documented aspects from the original FTLS method. As a consequence, they used for example in the Ridgecrest case only 1% of the data available to estimate b-values and from a small subvolume of the relevant mainshock fault. In the Puerto Rico case, we document here substantial issues with the homogeneity of the magnitude scale that in our assessment make a meaningful analysis of b-values impossible. We conclude that the evaluation by Dascher-Cousineau et al. (2020) is misrepresentative and a not a fair test of the FTLS hypothesis.
Reply to “Comment on ‘Two Foreshock Sequences Post Gulia and Wiemer (2019)’ by Kelian Dascher-Cousineau, Thorne Lay, and Emily E. Brodsky” by Laura Gulia and Stefan Wiemer
Authors: Dascher-Cousineau Kelian , Lay Thorne , Brodsky Emily E.
Published: July 2021

Gulia and Wiemer (2019; hereafter, GW2019) proposed a near-real-time monitoring system to discriminate between foreshocks and aftershocks. Our analysis (Dascher-Cousineau et al., 2020; hereinater, DC2020) tested the sensitivity of the proposed Foreshock Traffic-Light System output to parameter choices left to expert judgment for the 2019 Ridgecrest Mw 7.1 and 2020 Puerto Rico Mw 6.4 earthquake sequences. In the accompanying comment, Gulia and Wiemer (2021) suggest that at least six different methodological deviations lead to different pseudoprospective warning levels, particularly for the Ridgecrest aftershock sequence which they had separately evaluated. Here, we show that for four of the six claimed deviations, we conformed to the criteria outlined in GW2019. Two true deviations from the defined procedure are clarified and justified here. We conclude as we did originally, by emphasizing the influence of expert judgment on the outcome in the analysis.
A Composite Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes for Mainland China
Authors: Li Yilong , Zhang Zhenguo , Xin Danhua
Published: July 2021

We have developed a Mainland China Composite Damaging Earthquake Catalog (MCCDE-CAT), which contains seismic source and socioeconomic damage information, population exposure, and seismic intensity maps of earthquakes that occurred from 1950 to 2018. The completeness and consistency of the data in past damaging earthquake catalogs are crucial to better understanding the damage to our social and economic system from future earthquakes. Although many disaster databases are currently available worldwide, they show a serious lack of data and no consistency. To develop the MCCDE-CAT, we cross-checked and integrated earthquake damage information based on six kinds of earthquake catalogs for Mainland China. Missing information in these catalogs was supplied from records in journal publications and reports published by the government and relevant institutions. We also performed a statistical analysis of the data in the MCCDE-CAT and preliminarily discuss the temporal and spatial characteristics of earthquake disasters and socioeconomic losses in Mainland China. The MCCDE-CAT will contribute to loss estimation for damaging earthquakes, earthquake-related product pricing in the reinsurance industry, and other related fields. More importantly, the MCCDE-CAT will be publicly accessible and provide a basis for researchers to pursue other earthquake disaster-related studies.
Brincar, ler e aprender: o alfabeto na literatura para infância
Authors: Cardoso Elizabeth , Girão Luis Carlos , Pais Raquel Laranjeira
Published: July 2021

Dentro de uma tradição que se inicia no século XVII, ao confluir educação e literatura, as cartilhas ou abecedários sempre associaram a aprendizagem da leitura aos processos de imaginação próprios à infância. No contemporâneo, alguns livros categorizados como abecedários literários despontam pela potência de sua ludicidade poética ao brincar com palavras e imagens no estruturar o letramento estético, levando-nos a questionar: como a literatura para infância desconstrói o alfabeto para construir o leitor literário? Partindo dessa questão, tomamos os títulos A E I O U (2008), de Angela Lago e Zoé Rios, e ABC em movimento (2006), de Suzy Lee, como corpus representante de nossa discussão. Para auxiliar nossa reflexão sobre essas experiências de linguagem, partimos do pensamento por semelhanças de Walter Benjamin (1985; 2002; 2013), que embasa as discussões de Giorgio Agamben (2005), sobre in-fância da linguagem, e de Georges Didi-Huberman (2017), sobre desaprender a aprender, apesar de tudo.