bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Design, Analysis, and Dynamics Simulation of a Cable-Driven Wearable Flexible Exoskeleton System
Authors: Jin Xuetong , Ding Wenqian , Baumert Mathias , Wei Yan , Li Qinglin , Yang Wei , Yan Yuqiao
Published: November 2024

As a new development direction in exoskeleton research, wearable flexible exoskeleton systems are highly favored for their freedom of movement, flexibility, lightweight design, and comfortable wearability. These systems are gradually becoming the preferred choice for rehabilitation therapy, and enhancing physical performance. In this thesis, based on existing research in wearable flexible exoskeletons, we aim to design a lightweight wearable upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton that meets the needs of stroke patients with a high likelihood of upper limb impairment. The system should provide sufficient flexibility for comfortable and convenient use while minimizing the weight to reduce the user’s burden during wear. Our proposed lightweight wearable flexible exoskeleton assists users in achieving rehabilitation exercises for both the shoulder (external/internal rotation) and forearm (flexion/extension) movements. The system consists of a flexible fabric section connecting the torso–shoulder–upper arm, a flexible fabric section for the forearm, and a back-mounted actuation device. The fabric sections primarily consist of elastic textile materials with a few rigid components. Emphasizing lightweight design, we strive to minimize the exoskeleton’s weight, ensuring optimal user comfort. The actuation device connects to the fabric sections via tensioned wires, driven by a motor to induce arm movement during rehabilitation exercises. To enhance safety and prevent secondary upper limb injuries due to exoskeleton malfunction, we incorporate a physical limiter retricting the exoskeleton’s range of motion. Additionally, we include tension-adjustment mechanisms and cushioning springs to improve the feasibility of this wearable flexible exoskeleton. After completing the structural design, this paper conducted a basic static and kinematic analysis of the exoskeleton system to provide theoretical support. Additionally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the exoskeleton system design were verified through dynamic simulations.
Visibility of Intracranial Perforating Arteries Using Ultra-High-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography
Authors: Okazaki Takashi , Niwa Tetsu , Yoshida Ryoichi , Sorimachi Takatoshi , Hashimoto Jun
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) offers energy-resolved CT data with enhanced resolution, reduced electronic noise, and improved tissue contrast. This study aimed to evaluate the visibility of intracranial perforating arteries on ultra-high-resolution (UHR) CT angiography (CTA) on PCD-CT. Methods: A retrospective analysis of intracranial UHR PCD-CTA was performed for 30 patients. The image quality from four UHR PCD-CTA reconstruction methods [kernel Hv40 and Hv72, with and without quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR)] was assessed for the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) and pontine arteries (PAs). A subjective evaluation included peripheral visibility, vessel sharpness, and image noise, while objective analysis focused on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Results: Peripheral LSAs were well visualized across all reconstruction methods, with no significant differences between them. Vessel sharpness and image noise varied significantly (p < 0.0001); sharper LSAs and more noise were seen with kernel Hv72 compared to kernel Hv40 (p < 0.05). A similar pattern was observed for PAs, though peripheral visibility was lower than that for LSAs. The SNR and CNR were the highest in the presence of kernel Hv72 with QIR, and lowest with kernel Hv72 without QIR, compared to kernel Hv40 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: UHR PCD-CTA provided a good visualization of the intracranial perforating arteries, particularly LSAs. The vessel sharpness and image noise varied by reconstruction method, in which kernel Hv72 with QIR offered the optimal visualization.
Diagnostic Nerve Block to Guide Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injection for Clonus in Spastic Equinovarus Foot: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Filippetti Mirko , Tamburin Stefano , Di Maria Ilaria , Angeli Cecilia , Di Censo Rita , Mantovani Elisa , Smania Nicola , Picelli Alessandro
Published: November 2024

Clonus is characterized by involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory muscle contractions, typically triggered by rapid muscle stretching and is frequently associated with spastic equinovarus foot (SEVF), where it may increase risk of falls and cause discomfort, pain, and sleep disorders. We hypothesize that selective diagnostic nerve block (DNB) of the tibial nerve motor branches can help identify which muscle is primarily responsible for clonus in patients with SEVF and provide useful information for botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment. This retrospective study explored which calf muscles contributed to clonus in 91 patients with SEFV after stroke (n = 31), multiple sclerosis (n = 21), and cerebral palsy (n = 39), using selective DNB. We found that SEVF-associated clonus was most commonly driven by the soleus muscle, followed by the gastrocnemius lateralis and medialis, tibialis posterior, and flexor digitorum longus, and that frequency differed according to SEVF etiology. Our data suggest that identifying the muscles involved in SEVF-associated clonus may aid clinicians in personalizing BoNT-A treatment to single patients. Also, the findings of this study suggest that applying a ‘stroke model’ to treating spasticity secondary to other etiologies may not always be appropriate.
A Small-Particle Aerosol Model of Ebolavirus Zaire Infection in Ferrets
Authors: Cohen Courtney A. , Zumbrun Elizabeth E. , Writer James V. , Bonagofski Luke G. , Shoemaker Charles J. , Zeng Xiankun , Blancett Candace D. , Douglas Christina E. , Delp Korey L. , Taylor-Howell Cheryl L. , Carey Brian D. , Ravulapalli Suma , Raymond Jo Lynne , Dye John M. , Herbert Andrew S.
Published: November 2024

The Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe disease in humans, and animal models are needed to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics. While non-human primate (NHP) and rodent EBOV infection models have been well characterized, there is a growing need for an intermediate model. Here, we provide the first report of a small-particle aerosol (AE) EBOV ferret model and disease progression compared with the intramuscular (IM) EBOV ferret model. EBOV infection of ferrets by either route resulted in uniform lethality in 5–6.5 days post infection (dpi) in a dose-dependent manner, with IM-infected ferrets succumbing significantly earlier than AE-infected ferrets. EBOV disease progression differed between AE and IM routes, with significant viremia and presence of virus in target organs occurring earlier in the AE model. In contrast, significant fever, clinical signs of disease, liver pathology, and systemic inflammation occurred earlier in the IM EBOV model. Hepatocellular damage and splenic pathology were noted in both models, while pronounced lung pathology and renal impairment were exclusive to the AE and IM models, respectively. These results demonstrate that small-particle AE and IM ferret EBOV models share numerous common features with NHP and human EBOV infection by these routes and will therefore be useful for the development of vaccine and therapeutic countermeasures.
HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Paloma , Mascarenhas Paulo , Marcelino Rute , Mabunda Nédio , Kroidl Arne , Buck W. Chris , Jani Ilesh , Palladino Claudia , Taveira Nuno
Published: November 2024

This systematic review assessed the prevalence of transmitted and acquired HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) and the associated risk factors in Mozambique. A search of the PubMed, Cochrane, B-On, and Scopus databases up to December 2023 was conducted and included 11 studies with 1118 HIV-1 pol sequences. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) to NNRTIs were found in 13% of the drug-naive individuals and 31% of those on ART, while NRTI resistance occurred in 5% and 10%, respectively. Dual-class resistance (NNRTI + NRTI) was detected in 2% of the drug-naive and 8% of ART-experienced individuals. DRMs to protease inhibitors (PIs) were found in 2% of the drug-naive and 5% of ART-experienced individuals. The rate of DRMs was significantly higher in Beira than in Maputo, as well as in pediatric patients than in adults and pregnant women. Subtype C predominated (94%) and was associated with lower viral loads and DRM rates as compared to the other subtypes. The high prevalence of DRMs, particularly to NNRTIs and NRTIs, highlights the need for ongoing surveillance and targeted interventions. These findings are critical for optimizing ART regimens and informing public health strategies in Mozambique, with particular attention to regions such as Beira and vulnerable populations such as pediatric patients.
Effect of High Temperature Exposure and Laboratory Processing Techniques on the Diagnostic Performance of Dry Swabs for the Detection of African Swine Fever Virus
Authors: Izzard Leonard , Williams David T. , Durr Peter A.
Published: November 2024

One of the key surveillance strategies for the early detection of an African swine fever (ASF) incursion into a country is the sampling of wild or feral pig populations. In Australia, the remote northern regions are considered a risk pathway for ASF incursion due to the combination of high numbers of feral pigs and their close proximity to countries where ASF is present. These regions primarily consist of isolated arid rangelands with high average environmental temperatures. A specific objective of this study was to assess whether the exposure of swabs to the high temperatures that may be encountered in outback Australia, over an extended period, would reduce the diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) of real-time PCR (qPCR) to detect ASF virus (ASFV). We found that the extended heat exposure (up to 45 °C) of FLOQSwabs or GenoTube swabs, either prior to blood sampling or post sampling, showed no reduction in the DSe of the ASFV qPCR compared to swabs stored at room temperature (~21 °C). We also assessed an improved DNA extraction method for samples collected using GenoTube swabs to obtain DSe results comparable to FLOQSwabs. Taken together, these experiments demonstrate that dry swabs can provide the basis for an effective low-cost surveillance system for ASF in situations where extended exposure to high environmental temperatures is unavoidable.
Surveillance of Norovirus in Nationwide Groundwater Sources in South Korea: A Comprehensive Five-Year Study
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Kim Jihye , Kang Jihyun , Bae Kyung Seon , Park Eung-Roh , Yoon Jeong-Ki
Published: November 2024

Groundwater is an essential drinking water source for humans. However, improper groundwater management leads to fecal contamination and waterborne diseases caused by viral pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate norovirus (NoV) contamination by conducting nationwide monitoring over five years (2019–2023). Groundwater samples were analyzed for water quality parameters, indicator microorganisms, NoV prevalence, and viral genotypes. Water quality was assessed for temperature, turbidity, and residual chlorine, whereas microorganisms were analyzed for total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and NoV genotypes. Of the 600 sites, 11 (1.8%) were NoV-positive, irrespective of season or location. Low residual chlorine levels (0.02–0.75 mg/L) were observed, possibly limiting viral inactivation. Total coliforms were detected in only three NoV-positive samples, and E. coli was absent. NoV genotypes were identified as GI.1 and GII.4, with GII.4 being the most frequently detected genotype. The present study demonstrated that periodic monitoring and expanded nationwide efforts are required for effective groundwater management and public health protection.
Stress Reduction in Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) Mange Management
Authors: Bolcato Marilena , Roccaro Mariana , Dini Filippo Maria , Gentile Arcangelo , Peli Angelo
Published: November 2024

Stress and dermatosis or itching are strictly related to mange caused by Sarcoptes spp. and Chorioptes spp. mites, which are particularly stressful in alpacas. Treatment is challenging due to limited options, poor response, and low topical efficacy. Paradoxically, veterinary procedures can exacerbate stress, worsening the clinical conditions of these fragile prey species. This case report aims to highlight the key role of stress in the onset and evolution of dermatological diseases. Three alpacas, introduced to an animal theme park, developed dermatological issues three months later. Clinical exams revealed mild itching, and alopecic and hyperkeratotic lesions on their ears, belly, and limbs. Skin scrapings confirmed Sarcoptes scabiei and Chorioptes bovis. Subcutaneous ivermectin was administered at 0.2 mg/kg, repeated at 7, 14, and 21 days. Weekly inspections monitored disease progression and stress responses, including increased vigilance, running, jumping, vocalizations, tachycardia, and tachypnoea. Due to the persistent stress and despite positive parasitological test results, treatment was suspended after day 21, with remote disease monitoring. A month later, the parasitological exam was negative, and three months later, all alpacas showed no clinical signs of complete hair regrowth. Understanding and addressing stress in alpacas is vital in veterinary practice for effective disease management and overall well-being.
Deformation Modeling and Prediction of Concrete Dam Using Observed Air Temperature and Enhanced CatBoost Algorithm
Authors: Xing Fang , Li Hui , Li Tianyu
Published: November 2024

Accurate prediction of concrete dam deformation is essential for ensuring structural safety and operational efficiency. This study presents a novel approach for monitoring and predicting concrete dam deformation using observed air temperature data, intelligent optimization, and machine learning techniques. To address the limitations of traditional statistical models in simulating the thermal effects on dam body deformation, this study proposes an improved hydraulic–air temperature–time (HTairT) deformation monitoring model. This model leverages long-term air temperature data and its lagged terms as critical input variables, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of thermal impacts on dam deformation. To capture the complex, nonlinear relationships between environmental factors and dam deformation behavior, we introduce the high-performance CatBoost gradient-boosting algorithm as a regressor. An enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is utilized for optimizing CatBoost’s parameters, enhancing the model’s predictive accuracy. A high concrete dam, currently in service, is selected as the case study, where two representative deformation monitoring points are used for validation. This research fills a gap by combining CatBoost with an optimized PSO in a deformation monitoring model, providing a novel approach that improves predictive reliability in long-term dam safety monitoring. Experimental results show that the enhanced PSO-optimized CatBoost algorithm achieves higher R2 and lower MSE and MAE values in multiple monitoring points. compared with other benchmark methods Moreover, the importance of factors affecting deformation can be identified using the proposed method, and experimental results indicate that water level and average air temperature of 1–2 days, 3–7 days, and 30–60 days are key factors affecting the deformation of high concrete arch dams.
An Extensive Review of Leaching Models for the Forecasting and Integrated Management of Surface and Groundwater Quality
Authors: Giakoumatos Stephanos D. V. , Siontorou Christina , Sidiras Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

The present study reviews leachate models useful for proactive and rehab actions to safeguard surface and subsurface soft water, which have become even more scarce. Integrated management plans of water basins are of crucial importance since intensively cultivated areas are adding huge quantities of fertilizers to the soil, affecting surface water basins and groundwater. Aquifers are progressively being nitrified on account of the nitrogen-based fertilizer surplus, rendering water for human consumption not potable. Well-tested solute leaching models, standalone or part of a model package, provide rapid site-specific estimates of the leaching potential of chemical agents, mostly nitrates, below the root zone of crops and the impact of leaching toward groundwater. Most of the models examined were process-based or conceptual approaches. Nonetheless, empirical prediction models, though rather simplistic and therefore not preferrable, demonstrate certain advantages, such as less demanding extensive calibration database information requirements, which in many cases are unavailable, not to mention a stochastic approach and the involvement of artificial intelligence (AI). Models were categorized according to the porous medium and agents to be monitored. Integrated packages of nutrient models are irreplaceable elements for extensive catchments to monitor the terrestrial nitrogen-balanced cycle and to contribute to policy making as regards soft water management.
Implant dosage forms as one of the varieties of prolonged-release dosage forms
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Aleshina P. O. ,   Volgograd State Medical University",   of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sirotenko V. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Volgograd State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Stepanova E. F. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Volgograd State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Currently, there are not many prolonged-release dosage forms on the pharmaceutical market. The article provides an overview of the use of depot dosage forms. Depot injections and modern developments in this area are considered. Implant depot forms and their advantages are described. An overview of the developments and drugs already approved for use, which are implants with active ingredients for ophthalmology, dentistry, otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, as well as for targeted therapy of oncological diseases, is presented.
Experimental Investigation of The Separation of 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Employing Natural and Conventional Solvents
Authors: P. Yadav Vishnu , Chandrakar Anil Kumar , Wasewar Kailas L.
Published: November 2024

4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) has a wide range of applications in various chemicals, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, wines and the polymer industries. In the present study, 4-HBA was extracted from the aqueous phase utilizing natural and conventional solvents (NACS) at a constant temperature of 298 K. The natural solvents used were corn oil and cottonseed oil, while the conventional solvents used were isoamyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and diethyl carbonate. Five different concentrations, 0.005 to 0.035 mol/liter, were prepared and applied in the batch experiment. Various extraction parameters were investigated, including the distribution coefficient (KDHBA), extraction efficiency (%EHBA), partition coefficient (P) and dimerization coefficient (D). The experimental results revealed the attractive association between the solute and solvent based on their various physicochemical properties. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained for isoamyl alcohol (58.98%) and the lowest for corn oil (39.48%). The order of distribution coefficients was experimentally obtained as follows: isoamyl alcohol (1.438) > ethyl acetate (0.986) > diethyl carbonate (0.961) > cottonseed oil (0.677) > corn oil (0.652). Natural solvents have the potential to avoid toxicity and could be explored for large-scale applications.
Effect of continuous wound infiltration on patients using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain management after reduced-port laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Choi Hyeon Deok , Bae Sung Uk
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Continuous wound infiltration (CWI) has been introduced as a component of multimodal analgesia to counteract the adverse effects of the most frequently used opioids. Advantages of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery (RPLS) include cosmetic benefits and decreased postoperative pain. We aimed to investigate the effect of CWI in patients using intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain management after RPLS for colorectal cancer.Methods: This retrospective study included 25 patients who received both CWI (0.5% ropivacaine infused over 72 hours) and IV PCA (fentanyl citrate) and 52 patients who received IV PCA alone. The primary endpoint was pain scores on postoperative days (PODs) 0, 1, and 2. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the factors affecting the pain score on POD 0.Results: On POD 0, the mean numeric rating scale score was significantly lower in the CWI group than in the control group (3.2±0.8 vs. 3.7±0.9, P=0.042). However, the scores were comparable between the groups during the rest of the period. Within 24 hours of surgery, the CWI group consumed fewer opioids (0.7±0.9 vs. 1.3±1.1, P=0.018) and more nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (2.0±1.4 vs. 1.3±1.4, P=0.046) than the control group. Time to removal of IV PCA was significantly longer in the CWI group than in the control group (4.4±1.6 days vs. 3.4±1.0 days, P=0.016).Conclusion: CWI with ropivacaine and IV PCA was more effective than IV PCA alone in controlling postoperative pain within 24 hours of surgery, and opioid use could be reduced further.
El acompañamiento pedagógico y su relación con la calidad educativa
Authors: Oblitas Vera Luis Alberto , Espinola Calderón Jacqueline Lupita , Luján Miguel Joselito Moisés , Alcalde Mosqueira María Ricardina
Published: November 2024

El acompañamiento pedagógico se ha convertido en una estrategia esencial hacia una mejora de la educación, sustancialmente en contextos donde los problemas estructurales y de enseñanza dificultan alcanzar los objetivos académicos deseados. El objetivo es determinar el acompañamiento pedagógico y su relación con la calidad educativa. El enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de investigación descriptiva, diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional con una muestra de 60 docentes. Se utilizó como técnica e instrumento a la encuesta y el cuestionario respectivamente validado este último, para ambas variables, mediante Alfa de Cronbach con una confiabilidad alta (0,94 y 0,88). Los resultados de la estadística demuestran que un 74.1% aseveran que hay una dependencia con un valor, según la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson, de 0,05. Se concluye que existe una correlación significativa del acompañamiento pedagógico y la calidad educativa. Se resalta la necesidad de implementar estrategias más efectivas y equitativas en el acompañamiento pedagógico, asegurando que todos los docentes tengan acceso a recursos y apoyo adecuados
NATIONAL RESILIENCE: CONTENT AND STRATEGY DURING WARTIME AND POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Khoma N.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the problem of the content and strategy of ensuring national resilience in wa time and post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Scientific approaches to the conceptualisation of national resilience are analysed. Peculiarities of national resilience strategies of modern states, which depend on the current challenges for their functioning, are clarified. The key issues of strengthening the national resilience of Ukraine are identified. The current global trend is to strengthen national resilience to threats and hazards in the physical and digital world, both within and outside the borders of states is noted. It is emphasised that measures to ensure the national resilience system in modern states are aimed at developing the ability to prevent threats and risks of any nature, as well as the ability to respond promptly to threats and recover quickly. It is stated that during the war and active preparation for the future post-war recovery, Ukraine's national resilience strategy is particularly dynamic, given the growing number and types of challenges. The national resilience strategy under such conditions requires the ability to respond to the simultaneous destructive impact of a large number of domestic and foreign policy factors. It is emphasised that the developed risk assessment, risk management, response and recovery systems should not only meet the needs of the time, but also have the potential for practical implementation, given the available human, financial, material and technical, natural and other resources. It is emphasised that the implementation of the national resilience strategy depends not only on the internal potential and consolidation of resources in Ukraine, but also on the timeliness and sufficient external support of our state and society. It is noted that Ukraine's functioning in the context of Russian armed aggression actualises a much wider range of tasks to ensure national resilience than those faced by other states. It is argued that it is crucial to strengthen the state's ability to identify threats, identify vulnerabilities, and assess risks. Of particular importance is the readiness for crisis situations, the ability to prevent risks and minimise their impact. It is stated that, given the scale of challenges of various types in wartime, strengthening resilience requires a systematic approach, political will at the government level, and consolidation of society. Keywords: national resilience, social resilience, national security, Russian-Ukrainian war, post-war recovery.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF KATERINOSLAVA IN ESCALATING PARTY STRUGGLE (1917-1918)
Authors:   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Sorokotiag V.
Published: November 2024

The article reveals and analyzes the activities of the representative electoral body of Yekaterinoslav - the City Duma duringв bourgeois-democratic transformations in the region (1917-1918). The issue of election of local government under the proportional system is considered. A reconstruction of the meeting of the Presidium of the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (hereinafter referred to as the SRSD) and the City Administration is made (based on the article of the Ekaterinoslav newspaper "Zvezda" of 1918). The study of the activities of the municipality of Katerynoslav includes approaches developed in historical urbanism, as well as the principles of objectivity, historical and social approach. The nature of the clash during the joint meeting of the RDCS and the City Administration gives grounds to assert that the RDCS has its own special goals to managethe objects of municipal property rights that were assigned to the local government of Yekaterinoslav. Candidates running for the city council were represented by electoral lists based on any grounds: territorial, professional, religious, party, national, feminist, which was a landmark event against the backdrop of a unique democratic initiative - the city elections in Katerynoslav. The inter-party bloc system provided a guaranteed success during the municipal elections and ensured the balance necessary for balanced work. Accordingly, the joint declaration of all political factions on the illegal actions of the Katerynoslav RDCS is an important example of the actual process of implementing democratic values and freedoms at the level of the representative body of Katerynoslav - the city council. However, the issues of interaction between the state authorities and local self-government bodies and the mechanisms of supervision/control of governmental organisations over the formal structure of municipal bodies remained unaddressed. Key words: democracy, reform, City Duma, City Administration, municipality, municipal economy, Bolsheviks, Yekaterinoslav Council.
FLOOR CROSSING AS AN ATTRIBUTE OF PARLIAMENTARISM AND REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic National University, Buchyn M. , Krokhmalna Z. ,   Lviv Politechnic National University
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the problem of floor crossing as an attribute of modern parliamentarism and representative democracy. The authors reveal the essence and main approaches to understanding floor crossing. The history of formation and features of the modern interpretation of party defections phenomenon have been shown. Different attitudes and different legal regulation of floor crossing in different countries of the world have been emphasized. It is stated that full democratic countries mostly have a more positive attitude towards floor crossing than partial democratic countries. The main causes of floor crossing at the current stage are studied, in particular, weakness and instability of the party system; the short-termist character of political parties; lack of legal regulation of floor crossing; undemocratic nature of the political regime; undemocratic management style and violation of opposition rights; low level of parliamentarians` political culture; lack of public control over power, etc. It is shown that floor crossing is influenced by the nature of the personal motivation of parliament members. The interconnection between floor crossing and the type of electoral system has been found out: the majoritarian electoral system promotes party switching, while the proportional electoral system, on the contrary, decreases the level of floor crossing. It is emphasized that the imperative mandate reduces the level of party defections, and the free mandate increases the level of floor crossing. On the basis of the identified reasons and motives for floor crossing, the classification of parliamentarians-floorcrossers has been carried out. It is stated that the qualitative assessment of floor crossing is ambiguous, and party defections have both positive and negative sides. The negative consequences of floor crossing have been found out. It is emphasized that floor crossing leads to the disruption of the democratic functioning of the parliament; violation of factional discipline and unity; public distrust of the parliament; crise of the party system, etc. Keywords: floor crossing, party system, political parties, parliamentarism, representative democracy, deputy, imperative mandate, free mandate.
نموذج Beneish للكشف عن إدارة الأرباح مؤسسة صيدال للفترة من 2018 إلى 2021 كنموذجا
Authors: BOUHALI Khaira , LAGGOUN Zineb
Published: November 2024

تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى معالجة موضوع قياس إدارة الأرباح، باعتبارها ممارسات تؤثر على المعلومات المحاسبية والمالية وبالتالي على قرارات مختلف مستعمليها، فقد ظهرت عدة دراسات أنتجت نماذج لقياسها ومنه اكتشافها، من بين هذه النماذج نجد نموذج Beneish 1999   الذي اعتمد على بيانات التقارير المالية لفترات زمنية متتالية، نماذج الانحدار والاحتمالات لدراسة العلاقة بين متغيرات النموذج الذي يمكن من استنتاج ما إذا كانت المؤسسة تعتمد على هذه الممارسات.
ومن خلال تطبيق هذا النموذج على التقارير المالية لمؤسسة صيدال، توصلنا إلى عدم وجود ما يدل– باستثناء سنة 2018- على إحتمالية تطبيق هذه الأخيرة لممارسات إدارة الأرباح، كما خلصت الدراسة إلى ضرورة اعتماد محافظي الحسابات وإدارة الضرائب على هذه النماذج للكشف عن التلاعب بالأرباح، باعتبارهم من الجهات المسؤولة عن إثبات دقة البيانات المالية وخلوها من هذه الأساليب من جهة، إضافة لإمكانية حصولهم على جميع المعلومات وبدقة من جهة أخرى.
دراسة قياسية لأثر الصادرات والواردات الزراعية على الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي في الجزائر للفترة (1990-2022)
Authors: BOUBERRIMA Chafik , MOSTEFAI Yassine
Published: November 2024

تناولت الدراسة أثر الواردات والصادرات الزراعية على النمو الاقتصادي للجزائر خلال الفترة 1990-2022 باستخدام مقاربة اختبار الحدود (Bounds testing approaches) لمنهجية الانحدار الذاتي لفترات الابطاء الموزعة (ARDL)، حيث تم بناء نموذج قياسي للناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي كدالة في المتغيرين المستقلين (الصادرات الزراعية والواردات الزراعية) ، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن هناك علاقة توازنية طويلة الاجل بين الصادرات الزراعية و الناتج المحلي الاجمالي؛ حيث ترتبط الصادرات الزراعية بعلاقة عكسية مع الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي، مما يعكس ضعف مساهمة الإنتاج الزراعي في تكوين الناتج المحلي الإجمالي، وعلاقة طردية بين الواردات الزراعية والناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي باعتبار الواردات الزراعية تمثل مدخلات لقطاعات أخرى على غرار الصناعات الغذائية والصناعات التحويلية؛ مما يدل ان الجزائر تعاني من عجز كبير في الميزان التجاري الزراعي، كذلك توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ديناميكية قصيرة الأجل حيث بلغت سرعة التعديل إلى وضع التوازن في الأجل الطويل حدود 9.4% (حوالي 10 سنوات و7 أشهر).
The Influence of Insurance Services Marketing on Customer Behavior: A Case Study of Algeria's CAAT Insurance Company
Authors: Djamat Tahar , Moaredj Houari
Published: November 2024

The research problem revolves around the nature of marketing applied in insurance institutions and its implications for their performance. It is crucial to understand the unique characteristics of insurance products and services, which differentiate them from other products. This understanding is essential for highlighting the role and importance of marketing in improving the performance and profitability of insurance companies. Effective marketing enables these companies to serve their customers optimally, a goal that can only be achieved by adopting marketing as a tool that effectively contributes to achieving these objectives.
Challenges of teaching in new media in Algerian universities A field study using semi-structured interviews
Authors: KOBIBI Hafssa
Published: November 2024

The aim of our study is to identify the challenges associated with media education in new media in Algerian universities, based on the perspective of a sample of university professors, using a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews. After obtaining the results, the main challenges were identified as follows: difficulty in explaining and simplifying technical terminology for media students, difficulty in teaching modern methodologies in media studies, limited technical knowledge among media and communication students, predominance of theoretical aspects in teaching and neglect of various practical aspects
Mechanisms for Confronting Illegal Immigration within the Framework of Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants
Authors: Mokrane Rima
Published: November 2024

Illegal immigration, often known as unlawful or unauthorized migration, is the movement of individuals over national or regional borders without complying with established processes and regulations. This sort of migration violates the target country's legal system, which governs and limits people's admission and residency on its territory. As a result, this phenomenon presents a challenge to receiving nations, influencing immigration policy and placing strain on their legal, social, and economic systems.
This research seeks to determine the primary reasons of illegal immigration and how states parties to Protocol against Migrant Smuggling address this issue. Effective efforts to prevent and combat migrant smuggling need an international comprehensive approach that includes improved borders control, information exchange, international cooperation, legal and safe migration pathways, and countering migrant smuggling networks. All while striking a balance between protecting human rights and ensuring national security
The Reason behind the Weakness of the Communication Process between Teachers and Students in E-Learning in Algeria
Authors: Arihir Mustapha
Published: November 2024

Our paper is heading towards an unexplored area in Algeria. It is the technical method of courses; our hypothesis was that the courses may not meet the standards of e-learning, which weakens the communication process. Given that the course in e-learning is a design, this design is the least necessary to establish this process of communication. Indeed, after the examination of open courses and after applying the basic criteria that must be available in e-learning courses, i.e., the three systems: the entry system, the learning system, and the evaluation system—which are recommended by the ministry of higher education and what the platform of Moodle supports for “dynamic learning” to increase communication—we note that the sample courses are far from the standards of the three systems, with some differences in the results of the three systems: For the entry system, the majority of courses do not have an entry system; concerning the learning system, the majority of courses have it but remain very low; as for the evaluation system, the overwhelming majority do not have an evaluation system
Exploiting endowment properties to activate halal tourism in Algeria
Authors: chelbak Slimane
Published: November 2024

This research paper aims to study the possibility of investing endowment properties in activating halal tourism in Algeria, especially in light of the trend of many countries towards this type of tourism, which has proven its effectiveness in generating important resources for the countries that adopt it, whether by attracting hard currency or even its contribution to revitalizing the country’s economic development, and also by investing in endowment properties, noting that Algeria has recently sought to exploit them by introducing legislative texts that protect these properties and specify the conditions and manner of investing in them, which allows these properties to be invested in the halal tourism sector.The study concluded that Algeria possesses a huge wealth of unexploited endowment properties, which can be exploited and invested in the halal tourism sector, especially since the latter follows Islamic religious principles.
Artificial intelligence’s Impact on Higher Education Quality
Authors: Dilmi Chekirine , Sakri Zoubida
Published: November 2024

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education is significant, with potential to transform various aspects of the educational experience. AI applications can assist in administrative tasks, such as simplifying processes, interpreting data, and predicting student success, as well as provide personalized teaching and learning experiences through virtual tours, virtual teaching assistants, and individualized learning plans. AI can also support research by sorting through large datasets, building models, and recommending relevant articles, enabling better-informed decisions in lesson assessment and professional development.
The theme of emigration and the engagement of memory in the novel "Brooklyn Heights" by the Egyptian novelist Miral Al-Tahawy
Authors: Meguellati Farida
Published: November 2024

This study aims to explore theme of emigration and reminiscence in contemporary novels, striving to transcend conventional literary norms. Through a narrative approach emphasizing diversity and complexity, it diverges from linear storytelling by utilizing memory as the primary analytical tool. Memory plays a pivotal role in reconstructing past events and probing societal dynamics, shedding light on the challenges migrants face in pursuit of better lives and freedom. These themes are exemplified in 'Brooklyn Heights'.
  The novelist "Miral Al-Tahawy " demonstrates a profound understanding of the personal and identity- related obstacles encountered by migrants in her literary works. She highlights the discord caused by cultural assimilation, potentially threatening migrants' humanity. Novelist’s  use of memory as a narrative technique is particularly noteworthy, as it explores the fragmented nature of migrant identities
DTM: associada ou não ao sono?
Authors: Greco Catarina Queiroz , Gomes Neto Herison Nogueira , Rodrigues Cleyce Rock Garcia
Published: November 2024

Este artigo elaborou uma revisão de literatura que investiga a associação entre Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) e a qualidade do sono. A DTM é caracterizada por sintomas que afetam os músculos da mastigação e a articulação temporomandibular, podendo causar dor orofacial, limitação de movimento e desconforto. A revisão se focou em artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2024, selecionados a partir de bases de dados como PubMed e Google Acadêmico, utilizando palavras-chave: “Desordens temporomandibulares”, “Qualidade do sono”, “dor orofacial”. Os resultados apontam uma íntima relaçao entre a qualidade do sono e a dor oriunda da disfunção temporomandibular, como  fatores emocionais, contribuindo para o surgimento de bruxismo e outros hábitos parafuncionais. A conclusão mostra  a necessidade de um tratamento multidisciplinar dentro do contexto da saúde do paciente, levando em consideração a complexidade dos fatores que influenciam a DTM e a qualidade do sono.
Reabilitação estética e funcional de diastema com resina composta em dentes anteriores: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Costa Lais Fernanda Maciel , Bastos Andrea Augusta Rodrigues , Mendonça Yasmim de Souza , Costa Silvia Karla da Silva
Published: November 2024

A reabilitação estética e funcional de diastema em resina composta em dentes anteriores é um procedimento odontológico minimamente invasivo que visa fechar espaços entre os dentes frontais, restaurando a estética e a função do sorriso. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso de resina composta na reabilitação estética e funcional de diastema em dentes anteriores, sendo assim buscou-se identificar as vantagens e limitações da técnica, discutir as inovações tecnológicas e apresentar os resultados estéticos e funcionais alcançados a partir da revisão bibliográfica. Tratou-se de uma revisão de literatura narrativa que visou compilar, analisar e discutir os principais artigos científicos sobre a reabilitação estética e funcional de diastema com o uso de resina composta em dentes anteriores, a partir do processo de coleta de artigos nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, e Google Scholar. Após análise com os critérios de pesquisa (inclusão e exclusão) foram selecionados 15 artigos para a discussão dos resultados, a fim de analisar procedimentos, abordagens, objetivos e aspectos relatados nos estudos. De modo geral, concluiu-se a partir da revisão da literatura apresentada que a técnica de reabilitação estética e funcional de diastemas em dentes anteriores com resina composta oferece uma solução viável e eficiente tanto em termos estéticos quanto funcionais; entretanto, também foram observadas certas limitações e sugeriu-se pesquisas futuras que envolvem novas tecnologias, tais como: resinas bulk-fill, sistemas adesivos avançados e materiais desenvolvidos com base em compósitos nanoparticulados, dentre outros.
Kwashiorkor na infância: características clínicas, epidemiologia e estratégias de tratamento
Authors: Mundim Renato Resende , Chacon Letícia Garcia , Malta Ágatha Lorrany da Silva , Pacheco Maria Clara Spadoni , Dantas Manuela Flor , Diniz Vitória Gabriella Benício , Dantas Camila Flor , D’Abadia Murillo Carvalho
Published: November 2024

A Síndrome de Kwashiorkor é uma forma grave de desnutrição proteico-calórica que afeta crianças, principalmente em países subdesenvolvidos. Este estudo teve como objetivo elucidar as características clínicas, epidemiológicas e as estratégias de tratamento desta patologia, abordando suas manifestações, desenvolvimento, prevenção e tratamento. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura utilizando as bases de dados PubMed e outros repositórios científicos, com a aplicação de descritores como "Kwashiorkor", "crianças" e "efeitos clínicos". Foram analisados 15 artigos em profundidade. A revisão indicou que o Kwashiorkor está associado a complicações multissistêmicas, incluindo infecções recorrentes, esteatose hepática e desequilíbrios eletrolíticos. O tratamento é dividido em duas fases: estabilização e reabilitação nutricional, enquanto a prevenção depende de intervenções nutricionais precoces e educação em saúde. Conclui-se que o diagnóstico precoce e o manejo adequado são essenciais para melhorar o prognóstico das crianças afetadas. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários no Brasil para aprofundar o entendimento da doença e embasar políticas públicas eficazes.
Procedimento estético em dentes anteriores escurecidos após tratamento endodôntico
Authors: Silva Débora Souza da , Ferreira Junior Evaldo , Santana Kessiane Ilario , Nunes Eduardo da Costa , Fonseca Tiago Silva da , Pessoa Karolinne Dantas
Published: November 2024

A endodontia tem como principal meta a retirada do tecido pulpar infeccionado fazendo assepsia do local, ou seja, da via radicular e preenchimento com material obturador. O procedimento endodôntico é de vital importância para a saúde bucal e a prevenção de complicações graves, como abscessos e perda dentária. No entanto, um efeito colateral comum desse tratamento é o escurecimento dos dentes anteriores. Estudos indicam que o escurecimento dos dentes após o tratamento endodôntico pode ser causado por sinais hemorrágico, oxidação de restos de tecido pulpar ou penetração de substâncias como hidróxido de cálcio. Essa alteração de cor pode ter um impacto negativo na percepção dos pacientes e afetar sua confiança e autoestima. Existem várias técnicas disponíveis para tratar dentes anteriores escurecidos após terapia Endodôntica. O clareamento dental, tanto caseiro quanto em consultório, é uma opção com excelentes resultados. Outras técnicas incluem micro abrasão, restaurações estéticas, facetas de porcelana e coroas dentárias. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar diferentes procedimentos estéticos para tratar dentes anteriores escurecidos após o tratamento endodôntico. A literatura foi revisada e realizada em bases de dados como PubMed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, os artigos científicos, tem em média 10 anos de publicação.
Fatores de risco e formas de prevenção associados à morte súbita do lactente: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Melo Ana Estrela , Dahan Wesal Khaled Zayed , Dahan Lama Khaled Zayed , Grolla Marcelo Tadeu Gottlieb , Meirelles Lucas Dias , Sousa Giovana Tavares de , Silva Giovanna Marques Ferreira , Menezes João Paulo Sousa
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A síndrome da morte súbita do lactente (SMSL) configura-se como o óbito de lactentes de até um ano de idade sem uma razão aparente, sendo a principal causa de morte em crianças menores de um ano nos Estados Unidos. No Brasil, a SMSL permanece subdiagnosticada, dada a ausência de estatísticas oficiais e estudos epidemiológicos limitados. Objetivos: Objetiva-se, com o presente estudo, difundir os fatores de risco e as formas de prevenção da SMSL, a fim de se reduzir possíveis óbitos na primeira infância. Metodologia: Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura, com a pergunta norteadora: “Quais são os fatores de risco e as formas de prevenção da morte súbita do lactente?”. Utilizaram-se os descritores (Morte súbita do lactente) ou (Morte infantil súbita) e (prevenção) para pesquisas bibliográficas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e Cochrane Library. Incluíram-se estudos realizados nos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês e português. Resultados e discussão: Foram selecionados 17 estudos, dentre os 215 resultantes da pesquisa inicial. Constatou-se que os fatores de risco associados à SMSL são evitáveis, mediante posicionamento adequado do lactente em superfície firme, no mesmo quarto dos responsáveis, sem haver cama compartilhada. Ademais, mostraram-se benéficos o aleitamento materno e a abolição do uso de álcool e tabaco. Entretanto, notou-se uma falta de conhecimento dos responsáveis sobre a prevenção do evento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que são necessários mais estudos no Brasil, bem como a difusão de estratégias de prevenção e conscientização entre cuidadores acerca da SMSL.