A review of magnetic nanoparticles used in nanomedicine
Authors: Selim Mahmoud M. , El-Safty Sherif , Tounsi Abdelouahed , Shenashen Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

The ability to manipulate magnetic nanoparticles with external magnetic fields and their compatibility with biological systems make them versatile tools in the field of nanomedicine. Recently, the integration of various nanotechnologies with biomedical science, pharmacology, and clinical practice has led to the emergence of the discipline of nanomedicine. Owing to the special qualities of nanoparticles and related nanostructures, their uses in controlled drug and gene delivery, imaging, medical diagnostics, monitoring therapeutic outcomes, and supporting medical interventions offer a fresh approach to difficult problems in difficult areas like the treatment of cancer or crippling neurological diseases. The potential for multi-functionality and advanced targeting tactics in nanoparticle products exists. It may maximize the effectiveness of current anticancer drugs by enhancing the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of conventional therapies. These nanometer-sized substances’ distinctive electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics have opened up a wide range of biological uses. As they may be used in healthcare situations due to their bioactivity, iron-oxide-based magnetic nanoparticles, in particular, have been shown to be incredibly useful deep-tissue scanning tools. In addition to having a broader operating temperature range, smaller size, reduced toxicity, easier processing, and less cost of production, newer nanoparticles (MNPs) also offer other benefits. MNPs offer a lot of promise for use in clinical settings because of a variety of exceptional and distinctive chemical and biological features. Modern targeting techniques and nanoparticles studied in clinical trials are included in this review. It highlights the difficulties in applying nanomedicine items and transferring them from the laboratory to the clinical environment. It also addresses topics of nanoparticle design that might create new clinical applications for nanomedicine items. Magnetic nanoparticles used in nanomedicine offer several novel and promising features that make them valuable tools for various applications. When utilized in nanomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles have a number of exciting new properties that make them useful instruments for a range of uses. Drug delivery, hyperthermia therapy, magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, diagnostic imaging and monitoring, theranostic applications, biocompatibility and biodegradability, remote control and manipulation, and responsive nanoparticles are the main factors that add to their novelty. In general, the amalgamation of nanoscale characteristics and magnetic properties presents a multitude of opportunities for inventive medical applications, offering focused, effective, and least intrusive approaches to diagnosis and treatment. The sector is still investigating novel ways to increase the safety and efficacy of magnetic nanoparticles in nanomedicine. The purpose of this article is to provide basic details about magnetic nanoparticles and the characteristics of these particles in biomedical applications. The features of these nanoparticles in medication delivery and their numerous uses have received extra focus in the study. It seeks to summarize current advancements in MNPs for medical applications and examine the possibilities of MNPs in tumor therapeutic applications, in addition to future study opportunities.