bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive utility of task-related functional connectivity vs. voxel activation
Authors: Habeck Christian , Razlighi Qolamreza , Stern Yaakov
Published: April 2021

Functional connectivity, both in resting state and task performance, has steadily increased its share of neuroimaging research effort in the last 1.5 decades. In the current study, we investigated the predictive utility regarding behavioral performance and task information for 240 participants, aged 20–77, for both voxel activation and functional connectivity in 12 cognitive tasks, belonging to 4 cognitive reference domains (Episodic Memory, Fluid Reasoning, Perceptual Speed, and Vocabulary). We also added a model only comprising brain-structure information not specifically acquired during performance of a cognitive task. We used a simple brain-behavioral prediction technique based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and regression and studied the utility of both modalities in quasi out-of-sample predictions, using split-sample simulations (= 5-fold Monte Carlo cross validation) with 1,000 iterations for which a regression model predicting a cognitive outcome was estimated in a training sample, with a subsequent assessment of prediction success in a non-overlapping test sample. The sample assignments were identical for functional connectivity, voxel activation, and brain structure, enabling apples-to-apples comparisons of predictive utility. All 3 models that were investigated included the demographic covariates age, gender, and years of education. A minimal reference model using simple linear regression with just these 3 covariates was included for comparison as well and was evaluated with the same resampling scheme as described above. Results of the comparison between voxel activation and functional connectivity were mixed and showed some dependency on cognitive outcome; however, mean differences in predictive utility between voxel activation and functional connectivity were rather small in terms of within-modality variability or predictive success. More notably, only in the case of Fluid Reasoning did concurrent functional neuroimaging provided compelling about cognitive performance beyond structural brain imaging or the minimal reference model.
High-throughput, single-copy sequencing reveals SARS-CoV-2 spike variants coincident with mounting humoral immunity during acute COVID-19
Authors: Ko Sung Hee , Bayat Mokhtari Elham , Mudvari Prakriti , Stein Sydney , Stringham Christopher D. , Wagner Danielle , Ramelli Sabrina , Ramos-Benitez Marcos J. , Strich Jeffrey R. , Davey Richard T. , Zhou Tongqing , Misasi John , Kwong Peter D. , Chertow Daniel S. , Sullivan Nancy J. , Boritz Eli A.
Published: April 2021

Tracking evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within infected individuals will help elucidate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and inform use of antiviral interventions. In this study, we developed an approach for sequencing the region encoding the SARS-CoV-2 virion surface proteins from large numbers of individual virus RNA genomes per sample. We applied this approach to the WA-1 reference clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 passaged in vitro and to upper respiratory samples from 7 study participants with COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 genomes from cell culture were diverse, including 18 haplotypes with non-synonymous mutations clustered in the spike NH2-terminal domain (NTD) and furin cleavage site regions. By contrast, cross-sectional analysis of samples from participants with COVID-19 showed fewer virus variants, without structural clustering of mutations. However, longitudinal analysis in one individual revealed 4 virus haplotypes bearing 3 independent mutations in a spike NTD epitope targeted by autologous antibodies. These mutations arose coincident with a 6.2-fold rise in serum binding to spike and a transient increase in virus burden. We conclude that SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a capacity for rapid genetic adaptation that becomes detectable in vivo with the onset of humoral immunity, with the potential to contribute to delayed virologic clearance in the acute setting.
A human coronavirus evolves antigenically to escape antibody immunity
Authors: Eguia Rachel T. , Crawford Katharine H. D. , Stevens-Ayers Terry , Kelnhofer-Millevolte Laurel , Greninger Alexander L. , Englund Janet A. , Boeckh Michael J. , Bloom Jesse D.
Published: April 2021

There is intense interest in antibody immunity to coronaviruses. However, it is unknown if coronaviruses evolve to escape such immunity, and if so, how rapidly. Here we address this question by characterizing the historical evolution of human coronavirus 229E. We identify human sera from the 1980s and 1990s that have neutralizing titers against contemporaneous 229E that are comparable to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 titers induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We test these sera against 229E strains isolated after sera collection, and find that neutralizing titers are lower against these “future” viruses. In some cases, sera that neutralize contemporaneous 229E viral strains with titers >1:100 do not detectably neutralize strains isolated 8–17 years later. The decreased neutralization of “future” viruses is due to antigenic evolution of the viral spike, especially in the receptor-binding domain. If these results extrapolate to other coronaviruses, then it may be advisable to periodically update SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
The larger attachment glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus produced in primary human bronchial epithelial cultures reduces infectivity for cell lines
Authors: King Tiffany , Mejias Asuncion , Ramilo Octavio , Peeples Mark E.
Published: April 2021

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects the upper and lower respiratory tracts and can cause lower respiratory tract infections in children and elders. RSV has traditionally been isolated, grown, studied and quantified in immortalized cell lines, most frequently HEp-2 cells. However, in vivo RSV infection is modeled more accurately in primary well differentiated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cultures where RSV targets the ciliated cells and where the putative RSV receptor differs from the receptor on HEp-2 cells. The RSV attachment (G) glycoprotein in virions produced by HEp-2 cells is a highly glycosylated 95 kDa protein with a 32 kDa peptide core. However, virions produced in HBE cultures, RSV (HBE), contain an even larger, 170 kDa, G protein (LgG). Here we show that LgG is found in virions from both subgroups A and B lab-adapted and clinical isolates. Unexpectedly, RSV (HBE) virions were approximately 100-fold more infectious for HBE cultures than for HEp-2 cells. Surprisingly, the cause of this differential infectivity, was reduced infectivity of RSV (HBE) on HEp-2 cells rather than enhanced infectivity on HBE cultures. The lower infectivity of RSV(HBE) for HEp-2 cells is caused by the reduced ability of LgG to interact with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), the RSV receptor on HEp-2 cells. The discovery of different infectivity corresponding with the larger form of the RSV attachment protein when produced by HBE cultures highlights the importance of studying a virus produced by its native host cell and the potential impact on quantifying virus infectivity on cell lines where the virus entry mechanisms differ from their natural target cell.
Gondolatok az innováció működési mechanizmusáról
Authors: Hoffer Ilona , Iványi Attila Szilárd
Published: April 2021

A szerzők dolgozatukban kísérletet tesznek az innováció egyes típusai között meghúzódó összefüggésrendszer megismerésére. A terület összetettsége azonban oly mértékű, gyakorlati megoldásai oly sokszínűek, hogy itt csupán a főbb kapcsolatok érzékeltetésére van módjuk. Az a szándékuk, hogy felhívják a figyelmet az innovációs mechanizmust befolyásoló néhány fontos kérdéskörre. Bemutatnak egy általuk kialakított, lehetséges innovációs modellt az innovációval foglalkozó szakemberek számára. Amennyiben sikerül elérniük, hogy az innovációs tevékenységgel kapcsolatban álló gyakorlati szakemberek számára néhány új trendet, összefüggést bemutassanak, már nem dolgoztak hiába.
A vállalkozásokat érintő jogi szabályozás hatásvizsgálata I. rész
Authors: Futó Péter
Published: April 2021

A szabályozás az állam és a vállalkozások kapcsolatának egyik lényeges aspektusa. A dolgozat a szabályozás minőségét javító kormányzati eszközöket és stratégiákat elemzi. A cikk első része áttekinti, hogy a fejlett országokban és a nemzetközi szervezetekben, így az Európai Unióban, ezen belül az EU-hoz újonnan csatlakozott országokban milyen hatásvizsgálati rendszerek fejlődtek ki és ezek hogyan intézményesültek. A második részben a szerző ismerteti a Világbank és az OECD azon kutatásait, melyek igazolták, hogy a vállalkozások szabályozási környezete, a cégeket terhelő adminisztratív teher mértéke igen erőteljesen befolyásolja az országok versenyképességét. Végül az írás bemutatja, hogy e fejlődés során az elmúlt két évtizedben milyen általános módszertani elvek és eszközök kristályosodtak ki a hatáselemzésben.
Vállalati vélemények a versenyről
Authors: Némethné Pál Katalin , Petz Raymund
Published: April 2021

A GKI Gazdaságkutató Zrt. tízévi vállalati felmérési adataiból jól kirajzolódik, hogy a válaszadók milyennek ítélik meg a piaci versenyhelyzetet a vállalat piacain és saját képességüket a versenyben való helytállásra. A kétféle válaszcsoport összehasonlítása gyenge pozitív kapcsolatra utal a verseny intenzitása és a vállalatok versenyképessége között.
A mobilitás menedzselése városi környezetben
Authors: Jászberényi Melinda
Published: April 2021

A gépkocsihasználat környezeti és társadalmi költségeinek, mint például a torlódás, zaj, légszennyezettség, emelkedése és az energiaforrások kimerülése feltehetően hatással lesz a gépkocsik számának és használatának jövőbeli alakulására. Sok nagyvárosban ezek az említett negatív következmények már tények és olyan sürgős problémák, amelyeket meg kell oldani. A fenntartható fejlődés fogalmának elterjedése magával hozta a fenntartható mobilitás fogalmának vizsgálatát is. Az utazási (és hozzátehetjük: az áruszállítási) teljesítmények növekedési üteme az utóbbi évtizedekben világszerte gyorsabb a gazdaságok növekedési üteménél, olyannyira, hogy az igények kielégítése a jelenlegi technikai szinten már szinte megoldhatatlannak tűnik, a nem túlságosan távoli jövőben pedig már-már megoldhatatlan feladattá válik. Mindezek ellenére a fenntartható mobilitás, pontosabban: a környezetileg, társadalmilag és gazdaságilag fenntartható közlekedés alaposabb, intenzívebb vizsgálata nemzetközi szakmai, tudományos körökben csupán az 1990-es években kezdődött el.
Trans-Disciplinary Pedagogy for Science and Journalism Majors Linking Water Resource Information to Communities
Authors: Florea Lee John , Kuban Adam J
Published: April 2021

Water Quality Indiana is a learning platform that leverages collaborations, community partnerships, and active mentorship of transdisciplinary student cohorts. Since 2013, this platform has engaged teams of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and communication and media students to investigate water quality in east central Indiana (since expanded to other domestic and international locations) in an experiential problem-based learning environment. For community partners, Water Quality Indiana provides scientific data, analysis, and multimedia deliverables about water quality, and it has a successful record of finding solutions to real-world problems. From the point of view of faculty, project deliverables enhance several aspects of a faculty portfolio. For student participants, the goal is to increase metacognition, civic engagement, and confidence in processes associated with STEM and media studies, and, therefore, the transdisciplinary skills required in an increasingly competitive workforce.
Assessing learning artifacts (e.g., assignment, quizzes, or other evaluative metrics) reveals a cognitive dissonance between metacognition and accuracy in declarative knowledge related to topics in water quality—student scores did not increase in posttest data despite an increased confidence in selected answers. In contrast, pretest and posttest results, synthesis reports, and focus group data suggest that confidence in procedural knowledge in both water quality and media production significantly increased by the end of the course. Students cited time constraints imposed by academic calendars and project deadlines as a limitation of the learning environment. Course data reveal differences based on academic background and gender: 1) media studies majors became more confident in their multimedia skills, while STEM majors became less confident; 2) note-taking style and detail is more organized and meticulous for female and STEM students compared to male and media studies counterparts.
Paleoecological Significance of a Pre-Mortem Crinoid-Coral Interaction from the Silurian of Southeastern Indiana
Authors: Thomka James , Bantel Thomas E.
Published: April 2021

A noteworthy specimen recording a syn vivo interaction between a stalked echinoderm and a tabulate coral is described herein from the middle Silurian (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) Massie Formation of Ripley County, southeastern Indiana. Part of the column of the camerate crinoid Eucalyptocrinites is encrusted around the entirety of its lateral margin by a favositid colony. The radially outward orientation of corallites on both the upper and lower surfaces of the colony show that the coral was elevated completely above the seafloor and, more importantly, that the crinoid column had to be vertical at the time of initial encrustation and subsequent coral astogeny. Hence, the crinoid host was most likely alive throughout the duration of this interaction. No evidence for a paleopathological reaction is present on the crinoid column, suggesting that the encruster did not adversely affect the host. This most likely reflects the long and inflexible column of Eucalyptocrinites, which could have supported encrusting, secondarily tiered organisms—even relatively heavy ones—without interfering with the biological functions of the crown or weighing down the column.
Numerical Modeling of Hole Under Opposite Biaxial Loadings
Authors: Bouali Meriem Fakhreddine
Published: April 2021

The exact concentration of the stress generated by the presence of a cavity is a problem of great significance in Mining and Civil Engineering. An interesting stress concentration problem is the biaxial one. A numerical analysis of stress around a cylindrical hole in an infinite elastic medium under opposite biaxial loading was investigated. This far-field loading is equivalent to a pure shear loading on planes rotated 45°. Analysis consisted of two-dimensional finite-difference computations carried out with the Fast Lagrangian of Continua (FLAC) code. The Stress Concentration Factor (SFC) is evaluated numerically and compared with the existing solution. Predicted results of stress distribution around the hole were found in good agreement with the analytic theory.
The Immediate Early Gene Arc Is Not Required for Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation
Authors: Kyrke-Smith Madeleine , Volk Lenora J. , Cooke Samuel F. , Bear Mark F. , Huganir Richard L. , Shepherd Jason D.
Published: April 2021

Memory consolidation is thought to occur through protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity mechanisms such as long-term potentiation (LTP). Dynamic changes in gene expression and epigenetic modifications underlie the maintenance of LTP. Similar mechanisms may mediate the storage of memory. Key plasticity genes, such as the immediate early geneArc, are induced by learning and by LTP induction. Mice that lack Arc have severe deficits in memory consolidation, and Arc has been implicated in numerous other forms of synaptic plasticity, including long-term depression and cell-to-cell signaling. Here, we take a comprehensive approach to determine if Arc is necessary for hippocampal LTP in male and female mice. Using a variety of Arc knock-out (KO) lines, we found that germline Arc KO mice show no deficits in CA1 LTP induced by high-frequency stimulation and enhanced LTP induced by theta-burst stimulation. Temporally restricting the removal of Arc to adult animals and spatially restricting it to the CA1 using Arc conditional KO mice did not have an effect on any form of LTP. Similarly, acute application of Arc antisense oligodeoxynucleotides had no effect on hippocampal CA1 LTP. Finally, the maintenance ofin vivoLTP in the dentate gyrus of Arc KO mice was normal. We conclude that Arc is not necessary for hippocampal LTP and may mediate memory consolidation through alternative mechanisms.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe immediate early gene Arc is critical for maintenance of long-term memory. How Arc mediates this process remains unclear, but it has been proposed to sustain Hebbian synaptic potentiation, which is a key component of memory encoding. This form of plasticity is modeled experimentally by induction of LTP, which increases Arc mRNA and protein expression. However, mechanistic data implicates Arc in the endocytosis of AMPA-type glutamate receptors and the weakening of synapses. Here, we took a comprehensive approach to determine if Arc is necessary for hippocampal LTP. We find that Arc is not required for LTP maintenance and may regulate memory storage through alternative mechanisms.
Cell-Type-Specific Dynamics of Calcium Activity in Cortical Circuits over the Course of Slow-Wave Sleep and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
Authors: Niethard Niels , Brodt Svenja , Born Jan
Published: April 2021

Sleep shapes cortical network activity, fostering global homeostatic downregulation of excitability while maintaining or even upregulating excitability in selected networks in a manner that supports memory consolidation. Here, we used two-photon calcium imaging of cortical layer 2/3 neurons in sleeping male mice to examine how these seemingly opposing dynamics are balanced in cortical networks. During slow-wave sleep (SWS) episodes, mean calcium activity of excitatory pyramidal (Pyr) cells decreased. Simultaneously, however, variance in Pyr population calcium activity increased, contradicting the notion of a homogenous downregulation of network activity. Indeed, we identified a subpopulation of Pyr cells distinctly upregulating calcium activity during SWS, which were highly active during sleep spindles known to support mnemonic processing. Rapid eye movement (REM) episodes following SWS were associated with a general downregulation of Pyr cells, including the subpopulation of Pyr cells active during spindles, which persisted into following stages of sleep and wakefulness. Parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons (PV-In) showed an increase in calcium activity during SWS episodes, while activity remained unchanged during REM sleep episodes. This supports the view that downregulation of Pyr calcium activity during SWS results from increased somatic inhibition via PV-In, whereas downregulation during REM sleep is achieved independently of such inhibitory activity. Overall, our findings show that SWS enables upregulation of select cortical circuits (likely those which were involved in mnemonic processing) through a spindle-related process, whereas REM sleep mediates general downregulation, possibly through synaptic re-normalization.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSleep is thought to globally downregulate cortical excitability and, concurrently, to upregulate synaptic connections in neuron ensembles with newly encoded memory, with upregulation representing a function of sleep spindles. Usingin vivotwo-photon calcium imaging in combination with surface EEG recordings, we classified cells based on their calcium activity during sleep spindles. Spindle-active pyramidal (Pyr) cells persistently increased calcium activity during slow-wave sleep (SWS) episodes while spindle-inactive cells decreased calcium activity. Subsequent rapid eye movement (REM) sleep episodes profoundly reduced calcium activity in both cell clusters. Results indicate that SWS allows for a spindle-related differential upregulation of ensembles whereas REM sleep functions to globally downregulate networks.
Testiranje in izboljšava horizontalne datumske transformacije: študija primera v Bosni in Hercegovini
Authors: Tuno Nedim , Mulahusić Admir , Savšek Simona , Kogoj Dušan
Published: April 2021

This study evaluates the applicability of different models of coordinate transformation between local and global geodetic datums. The results indicate the grid-based method as the best solution, assuming a sufficient density of tie points. Transformation based on a limited number of tie points, which do not reflect the real state of the survey basis in a particular area, have limited possibilities to reduce nonuniform and unequally distributed distortions that are usually found in the spatial data. This inevitably leads to the degradation of accuracy of transformation results, which is unacceptable. By using the optimal resolution grid model, which includes geodetic points from the area of the cadastral municipality that is being transformed, much better results are achieved compared to the model of distortion shifts used in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Surgical Treatment of Lutembacher Syndrome with a Huge Right Atrium: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Maodong , Zhang Li , Tang Han , Liu Linsong , Wu Jian
Published: April 2021

Background: Lutembacher’s syndrome (LS) is a rare cardiovascular anomaly that is defined as any combination of congenital or iatrogenic atrial septal defect (ASD) with congenital or acquired mitral stenosis (MS). The clinical features and hemodynamic effects of LS depend on the balance between ASD and MS.
Case Report: In this case report, we describe a rare case of LS with a huge right atrium in a 39-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with worsening fatigue and breathlessness on exertion. Clinical examination revealed central cyanosis, raised jugular venous pressure bilaterally, clear breath sounds bilaterally with no dry and wet rales, hyperdynamic apex beat, and dull heart sounds. His vital signs on admission included blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, irregular pulse of 76 beats/min, and oxygen saturation of 90.4%. Echocardiography revealed moderate to severe MS with ASD (ostium secundum). The patient’s condition deteriorated after initial medical management, and he underwent open heart surgery for mitral valve replacement, ASD repair, tricuspid annuloplasty, and right atrial volume reduction.
Conclusions: This case report describes the successful surgical management of this rare condition.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR KIMIA DASAR BERBASIS CONCEPTUAL CHANGE TEXT PADA MATERI REDOKS
Authors: Sukmawati Wati , Kadarohman Asep , Sumarna Omay , Sopandi Wahyu
Published: April 2021

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON CONCEPTUAL CHANGE TEXT ON REDOX MATERIALS FOR BASIC CHEMICALS ON REDOX CONCEPTAbstractThe problem in this study is that there are still many students who have difficulty learning basic chemical concepts and experience misconceptions. One way to overcome student difficulties in understanding the concept of chemistry is to provide quality learning media. This study aims to produce learning media in the form of quality teaching materials. The teaching materials developed are chemical teaching materials based on Conceptual Change Text (CCT). The research data were obtained from the results of validation of teaching materials from experts and the results of a questionnaire distributed to 30 students. This research was conducted using the R&D method with the research subjects being teaching materials and students. Based on the data generated in this study, it was found that the development of CCT-based teaching materials when viewed from the aspects of content feasibility, presentation feasibility, language assessment, multiple chemical representations assessed by some experts, it can be concluded that the teaching materials developed are good and suitable for use in the field with some improvements with an average validation value of 4. Besides, a limited test was also carried out on students of the teaching materials that were being developed and students responded well to the teaching materials because it could help them understand the average value of 85. AbstrakPermasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih banyaknya mahasiswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar konsep kimia dasar dan mengalami miskonsepsi. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kesulitan mahasiswa dalam memahami konsep kimia adalah menyediakan media pembelajaran yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran berupa bahan ajar yang berkualitas. Bahan ajar dikembangkan adalah bahan ajar kimia berbasis Conceptual Change Text (CCT). Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil validasi bahan ajar dari para ahli dan hasil angket yang disebarkan kepada 30 orang mahasiswa.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode R&D dengan subjek penelitian adalah bahan ajar dan mahasiswa. Berdasarkan data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis CCT jika dilihat dari aspek kelayakan isi, kelayakan penyajian, penilaian bahasa, penilaian multiple representasi kimia yang dinilai oleh beberapa ahli dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan sudah baik dan layak digunakan di lapangan dengan beberapa perbaikan dengan rata-rata nilai validasi 4. Selain itu juga dilakukan uji terbatas terhadap mahasiswa terhadap bahan ajar yang sedang dikembangkan dan mahasiswa merespon dengan baik bahan ajar tersebut karena bisa membantu mereka dalam memahami dengan rata-rata nilai 85. konsep.
The Development Of Crossword Game Media On Virus Material
Authors: Ruron Mardiana Nata , Situmorang Risya Pramana , Hastuti Susanti Pudji
Published: April 2021

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA GAME CROSSWORD PADA VIRUS MATERIALAbstractCrossword game media was a learning tool that serves features to understand the concept and solve a problem. The media provides many features that facilitate students to learn enjoyably. This study aims to develop a viable and effective product to improve students' problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. The ADDIE model is used as a type of research and development. The subjects were students of X-grade senior high school in Salatiga. Data collection was carried out through observation, questionnaires, and tests. Media experts and material experts carried out the validation of products. Teachers were involved in giving feedback about the practicality of the media. The validation concluded that the product was feasibly based on the media aspect= 85,5% (feasible) and the material aspect = 81,25% (feasible). The product's development has improved problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding effectively that the t-test showed a significant value with acquisition sig. 2 tailed < 0,05. The results indicate that the crossword game was feasible and effective in improving problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.AbstrakMedia crossword game merupakan salah satu media belajar siswa, menyediakan fitur untuk menjadikan siswa dapat memahami konsep dan memecahkan masalah. Crossword game menyediakan banyak fitur yang memudahkan siswa untuk belajar dengan menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk yang layak dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan pemahaman konseptual siswa. Model ADDIE digunakan sebagai penelitian dan pengembangan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMA kelas X di Salatiga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, kuesioner, dan tes. Validasi produk melibatkan ahli media dan materi. Guru dilibatkan untuk memberikan umpan balik tentang kepraktisan media. Berdasarkan validasi, disimpulkan bahwa produk layak berdasarkan aspek media = 85,5% (layak) dan aspek material = 81,25% (layak). Pengembangan dari produk telah meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan pemahaman konseptual secara efektif sehingga berdasarkan uji-t menunjukkan nilai yang signifikan dengan perolehan sig. 2 tailed <0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa media crossword game layak dan efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan pemahaman konseptual.
Implementasi Yuridis Terhadap Pelaksanaan Hak Pendidikan Anak Didik Pemasyarakatan Pelaku Pembunuhan Santri di Lamongan
Authors: Candrawati Siti Dalilah
Published: April 2021

This paper is a bibliographical research on how the implementation of children’s educational rights in the Children Development Institution of Blitar who is underwent criminal sanction for involvement in the murder of a student in Lamongan and how the application of legislation on educational rights of the students. The prisoners who are convicted of murdering student in Lamongan must undergo a 1 year term in LPKA of Blitar. During the sentence, LPKA Blitar has implemented a system of treatment of students through 4 (four) stages, namely 0-1/3 MP, 1/3-1/2MP, 1/-2/3 MP, 2/3 to free. During that time they got the right to attend their formal high school and non-formal education in LPKA, even 4 (four) children who were sitting in class XII strived to follow UNAS (national post test) at their own school and passed it well. Because their behavior in LPKA was well assessed by the Penetration Monitoring Team (TPP), it was granted conditional leave (CB) rights so that the criminal sanction was reduced by one third and after 8 (eight), they were transferred to Anta Sena Magelang institution to undergo rehabilitation. In order to obtain optimal results, LPKA of Blitar cooperates with related offices, both with the national education office of Blitar city and NGOs as well as civic organizations. In addition, the implementation of educational rights in LPKA of Blitar, juridically implements articles 1, 2, 3, 4, and 85 of the Act. No. 11 of 2012 on the Criminal System for Children and article 1, 9, 14, 23, 24 Act. No. 35 of 2014 on Amendments to the Law. No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection.
Tanggung Jawab Orang Tua Kepada Anak di Era Digital Perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Yasin Nur Ahmad
Published: April 2021

The digital age is an era where technology and information can be accessed by anyone, anywhere and under any conditions, so that it can have a positive and negative impact on parents’ responsibilities to children and child development. This article is the result of a bibliographical study on parents’ responsibilities to children in the digital age under the perspective of Islamic family law in Indonesia. Data are collected using documentation techniques and analyzed using descriptive methods with deductive mindset. Based on this study, parents are responsible for being more selective in nurturing, educating, and protecting children in today’s digital era. They are also asked to understand information technology and systems. Parents must be able to actualize children’s rights, including: maintenance of honor (?if? al-'ir?), maintenance of religious rights (?if? al-d?n), maintenance of the soul (?if? al-nafs), maintenance of reason (?if? al -'aql) and maintenance of property (?if? al-m?l).
Analisis Kedudukan Adat dalam Hukum Waris Islam dan Hindu Beserta Implikasinya
Authors: Ulya Zakiyatul
Published: April 2021

Tradition/’urf is recognized by Islamic law as a legal basis with several conditions. While the use of tradition in the distribution of inheritance is not justified because it is contrary to the provisions of Islamic inheritance which are qat‘iyah al-dilalah and qat‘iyah al-wurud. The distribution based on tradition that can be done with the agreement of the heirs, after knowing their respective parts and no one is harmed, as in article 183 of KHI. Tradition in Hindu is recognized as a source of law, which becomes law and also applies as a law with conditions that are appropriate with atmavan. The position of tradition in inheritance law has been recognized and legalized its enforcement in an area, varna, company or village based on Sloka 40 parts 60 chapter 7, Artas#astra book. Both Islamic and Hindu laws create tradition as the basis for law enforcement. The use of tradition in the distribution of inheritance is not justified by Islam because of it contradicts with Syara’ argument. However, the distribution based on tradition can be done with the agreement of the heirs, according to article 183 of KHI. In contrast, Hindu law legalizes customary enforcement in an area, varna, company or village as inheritance law based on Sloka 40 parts 60 chapter 7, Artas#astra book.
Program Multi Level Marketing Generasi Berencana Kabupaten Pasuruan Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah
Authors: Murti Fitria Dwi , Chudlori Zayin
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the theory of mashlahah mursalah on the Multi Level Marketing Planning Generation Program (MLM Genre) of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office in Pasuruan Regency. From the research on the MLM Genre program organized by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency, it can be concluded: First, this program has not been implemented properly because the program should have been implemented in every sub-district in Pasuruan Regency, which amounted to twenty-four Districts, but for now it is still running in five districts only. Among the factors is the lack of awareness of the Pasuruan community to participate in running the program. Second, the Multi Level Marketing Planning Generation Program organized by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency in terms of activities and material delivered by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency provides benefits for adolescents and the surrounding community who will get married. In the perspective of the maslahah mursalah, it has fulfilled the requirements of the mashlahah, and does not contradict to the texts, real, general in nature, and has many benefits.
The Problematics of Simple Lawsuit Implementation To Reduce Civil Cases In Supreme Court
Authors: Sugeng Bambang , Vandawati Ch. Zahry
Published: April 2021

This research has purpose to analyze the implementation of a simple lawsuit settlement to reduce the accumulation of civil cases in the Supreme Court. Also to analyze the constraints and obstacles in the application of simple claim resolution to reduce the buildup of civil cases and investigate the constraints and obstacles in the application of simple claim resolution to reduce the buildup of civil cases. This research is normative legal research that used the approach of statute approach and conceptual approach. The result of this research indicated that the implementation of simple lawsuit mechanismin court process could be quite helpful for citizen to settle the civil cases on state court with a quick process, simple system and low cost. In the context of implementing a simple lawsuit mechanism in court proceedings, there are several obstacles and have not maximally utilized in society, such as the minimum limit for the value of material claims is at most Rp. 200,000,000.00 (two hundred million rupiahs).
Analisis Maqasid Al-Shariah Terhadap Peran Pemerintah Kota Surabaya dalam Mewujudkan Kota Layak Anak
Authors: Ulya Zakiyatul
Published: April 2021

The research entitled: "Maqasid al-Shari'ah Analysis of the Role of the Surabaya City Government in Realizing Child Friendly Cities" is a field research that aims to answer the question how the role of the Surabaya City Government in realizing Child Friendly Cities through established public policies from the perspective of the maq??id al-shar?'ah. Research data were collected using interview and documentation techniques and then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques with a deductive mindset. The results of the study concluded that the Surabaya City Government was very active in realizing Child Friendly Cities through the protection and fulfillment of children's rights, which was clearly seen from the existence of various public policies that were established to support institutional strengthening and fulfillment of the five Child Friendly Cities clusters.The role of the Surabaya City Government is in accordance with the concept of maqasid al-shari'ah because the determination of public policy is based on the welfare of children. This is proven by the elements of hifz al-din and hifz al-nasl in the public policy regarding civil rights and freedom, family environment, and alternative protection. In addition, there are elements of hifz al-nafs and hifz al-aql in public policies regarding institutional strengthening and the five Child Friendly Cities clusters, although they are actually less than perfect due to the absence of the hifz al-mal elements in them.
Influence of polymer structure and amount on microstructure and properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binders
Authors: Roja K. Lakshmi , Rehman Amara , Ouederni Mabrouk , Krishnamoorthy Senthil Kumar , Abdala Ahmed , Masad Eyad
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the use of polyethylene (PE) for asphalt modification has been gaining increased attention due to the environmental sustainability and cost-saving benefits. To optimize the performance of the PE-asphalt blends, it is necessary to understand the polymer-binder interactions and their impact on the properties of the modified asphalt binder. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with low and high melt flow index (MFI), i.e., LDPE4 and LDPE70, were blended with Pen 60-70 asphalt binder in dosages ranging from 1 to 5 wt.%. PE Wax was also added to the binder or the PE-binder blend to enhance dispersion. The dispersion of PE in the binder and the phase stability of the modified binder were investigated by optical microscope. The equivalent diameter of PE domains increased with time and the polymer dosage level. The addition of PE wax improved the polymer dispersity in the LDPE4 blends. The polymer dispersity in LDPE70 blends was good without adding PE Wax, attributed to the higher MFI value (low molecular weight) of LDPE70. In addition, to understand the stability of polymer modified binder, the steady shear viscosity-temperature profile of these binders was studied using a rotational viscometer. The dynamic rheological properties and performance of the PE-binder blends were evaluated using the dynamic shear rheometer. Based on the microstructure, all other rheological and performance properties, it was concluded that the 3% LDPE70 binder has better polymer dispersity, better low and high temperature performance characteristics.
Challenges of retrofitting the world’s biggest elevated water reservoir: Tala tank of Calcutta
Authors: Dey Ayanangshu
Published: April 2021

The Tala water tank in Kolkata, India, is the largest water tank in the world with an active capacity of 41 Ml. The tank is an integral part of the first organised water supply system of the city since its commissioning in 1911. It was introduced to relieve the upstream supply pumps of stresses caused by fluctuating downstream demand. The tank structure is robust with an overall dimension of 97 m square and total 6 m height. The steel frame staging is supported on multiple types of trussed grouped columns with only one inlet-cum-delivery pipe. The tank was constructed in steel riveted joints and staged over 28 m from the ground level. The framed staging comprises 295 columns with a combined length of steel members measuring over 80 km. There are inclined rafters securing its walls by connecting to its floor. The bottom plate is made of flat steel riveted sheets of 6 m square panels. It has four compartments with an isolation facility. Kolkata Municipal Corporation has taken up a project to rehabilitate and retrofit this unique asset. This paper identifies the extremely technical and logistical challenges faced in the refurbishment and retrofitting of this engineering marvel.
Bending the Clock: New Perspectives on Nineteenth-Century Ageing: A Roundtable Conversation
Authors: Charise Andrea , Looser Devoney , McAllister David , McAdams Ruth M. , Jewusiak Jacob , Lau Travis Chi Wing
Published: April 2021

Over the past decade, several academic studies have taken nineteenth-century ageing as their topic, including Devoney Looser’s Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain (2008), Karen Chase’s The Victorians and Old Age (2009), Kay Heath’s Aging by the Book (2009), and Alice Crossley’s special issue of Nineteenth-Century Gender Studies (2017). Following the publication of two significant new monographs — Andrea Charise’s The Aesthetics of Senescence (2020) and Jacob Jewusiak’s Aging, Duration, and the English Novel (2019) — the time is ripe for a synthesis of this dynamic cluster of scholarship, with special attention to where nineteenth-century perspectives on ageing is going, and ought to go, from here. Recorded in January 2020, this roundtable is a curated compilation of conversations with key scholars in the field: Devoney Looser (Arizona State University), David McAllister (Birkbeck, University of London), Ruth M. McAdams (Skidmore College), Jake Jewusiak (Newcastle University), and Travis Chi Wing Lau (Kenyon College). Edited by Andrea Charise, this roundtable assembles new perspectives on the present and future of nineteenth-century studies of age(ing), including: What’s next for age studies’ approaches to reading and teaching nineteenth-century texts? How might a better understanding of ‘old’ models inform our current day concerns with ageing populations and intergenerational discord? Can age studies research help make a case for the enduring role of the arts and humanities in a STEM-dominated culture? And how might attending to the old, ageing, and obsolete help address newly emergent global crises, including the rise of populism and climate change? Accessible in both audio format and textual transcription, this roundtable interview offers a timely resource for researchers, students, and a broader public interested in the literary present and futures of ageing and older age.
Komatiitic Lamprophyre in West Sulawesi: First Evidence for >1350°C and 3.5 - 3.8 GPa Mantle Melts
Authors: Godang Shaban , Fadlin Fadlin , Priadi Bambang , Idrus Arifudin , Sukadana I Gde
Published: April 2021

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.1.39-58The presence of lamprophyric lavas of Late Cenozoic in Talaya Volcanic Formation at the boundary between the subregencies of Mamuju and Tabulahan (Western Sulawesi) associated with the mantle enrichment rocks of the Adang Volcanics is the subject of this study. Petrologically, lamprophyre is composed of orthopyroxene (enstatite), clinopyroxene (augite), biotite, leucite, amphibole, magnetite, and autometasomatism of chlorite in grain minerals and groundmass. The lamprophyre is classified into monchiquite shoshonitic lamprophyre, and it has a komatiitic composition with the ratio of MgO/Al2O3 > 0.7906 (in wt %). The komatiitic monchiquite lamprophyre is characterized by high MgO (10.02 - 12.67 %), relatively low alumina (Al2O3= 10.98 - 11.70 %), SiO2= 46.43 - 47.8 %, TiO2 (0.84 - 1.00 %), FeOt (7.75 - 7.88 %), and relatively high content of alkaline (Na2O: 2.20 - 2.59 %; K2O: 1.58 - 2.45 %; Total alkali: 4.00 - 4.89 %, and CaO (9.29 - 10.71 %). The geochemical trace element plots using various diagrams suggests the geotectonic setting of the lamprophyric rock was formed in suprasubduction alkaline continental-arc, and the proposed source of magmatism comes from the suprasubduction activities from the east. The protolith of magma was originated from partial melting of depleted MORB mantle (DMM), composed of pyroxene-peridotite (garnet-lherzolite). The partial melting conditions are suggested to occur at high pressure (3.5 - 3.8 GPa) and the depth of ~120 km with melting temperature of >1350°C, and the magma is dominantly controlled by olivine fractional crystallization.
A comparative study of glottis visualization according to the method of lifting the epiglottis in video laryngoscopy: indirect and direct lifting methods
Authors: Oh Ji Youn , Lee Ji Hye , Kim Yu Yil , Baek Seung Min , Jung Da Wa , Park Ji Hun
Published: April 2021

Background: The direct entry of the camera under the epiglottis may provide a better view of the glottis than the indirect lifting of the epiglottis by placing the Macintosh blade tip on the vallecula when using the video laryngoscope. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of two different methods of lifting the epiglottis during the visualization of glottis using video laryngoscopy in the same patient.Methods: This prospective study enrolled 60 patients who underwent general anesthesia with tracheal intubation. In each patient, glottic views were obtained by directly (group DE) and indirectly lifting the epiglottis (group IE). These two methods were compared using the modified Cormack and Lehane grade and the percentage of glottis opening (POGO) score as assessment parameters.Results: Modified Cormack and Lehane grade showed a significant difference between the groups DE and IE (P = 0.004). The difference in the POGO score between the groups DE and IE was also statistically significant (87.5% and 64.4%, respectively; P < 0.001).Conclusions: Our results, therefore, revealed that the method of directly lifting epiglottis was better at exposing glottis than the method of indirectly lifting epiglottis using a video laryngoscope.
Stephanie L. Larson: Tales of Epic Ancestry. Boiotian Collective Identity in the Late Archaic and Early Classical Periods
Authors: Bernardini Paola Angeli
Published: April 2021

Stephanie L. Larson: Tales of Epic Ancestry. Boiotian Collective Identity in the Late Archaic and Early Classical Periods. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2007. 238 S. (Historia. Einzelschriften. 197.) 54 €.
Florian Himmler, Heinrich Konen, Josef Löffl: Exploratio Danubiae. Ein rekonstruiertes spätantikes Flusskriegsschiff auf den Spuren Kaiser Julian Apostatas
Authors: Bockius Ronald
Published: April 2021

Florian Himmler, Heinrich Konen, Josef Löffl: Exploratio Danubiae. Ein rekonstruiertes spätantikes Flusskriegsschiff auf den Spuren Kaiser Julian Apostatas. Berlin: Frank & Timme 2009. 124 S. 139 Abb. 1 CD-ROM. (Region im Umbruch. 1.)
Lebendige Kunstgeschichte
Authors: Warnke Martin
Published: April 2021

Aby Warburg hat nur ein einziges Mal zu Bildern aus der zeitgenössischen Malerei öffentlich Stellung genommen. Ihm war wohl ältere Malerei, richtig erfasst, immer auch schon aktuell und lebendig. 1925 hat Hans Tietze, der Wiener Kollege, der in Warburgs Bibliothek auch zum Vortrag eingeladen war, eine «Lebendige Kunstwissenschaft» gefordert. Nach ihm sei eine «wahrhafte Verlebendigung» der Kunstgeschichte dann erreicht, wenn es gelungen sei, «den Geist zu begreifen, der sich so und nicht anders, in der künstlerischen Form ausspricht». Wenn Tietze damit eine geistesgeschichtliche Bedingtheit der Kunstwerke gemeint hat, dann würde ihm Warburg eine lebensnähere, elementar begründete Beziehung vorgeschlagen haben.
Wende zur Skepsis. Liberale Ideenverteidigung in der Krise der Zwischenkriegszeit
Authors: Hacke Jens
Published: April 2021

Wenn Theoretiker auf emphatische Weise die Wirklichkeit beschwören und für das eigene Denken das Gütesiegel des Realismus reklamieren, ist in aller Regel Vorsicht geboten. Der auf den ersten Blick so eindeutig scheinende Gegensatz zwischen Realismus und Idealismus oder zwischen empirisch-pragmatisch geleiteter Verantwortungsethik und ideologisch begründeter Gesinnungsethik verliert häufig an Plausibilität, sobald man vermeintlich realistische Positionen auf ihre Überzeugungsgründe hin befragt und ihre Weltwahrnehmung genauer unter die Lupe nimmt.
Die Fakten und die Faten. Robert Lerners Leben des Historikers Ernst Kantorowicz
Authors: Raulff Ulrich
Published: April 2021

"A biography could not be helped." So lautet der letzte Satz des Buches von Robert Lerner: Eine Biografie war unvermeindlich. Wie zum Beweis wurden zuvor nochmals entscheinde Wendepunkte dieses Lebens aufgerufen: die Hölle von Verdun, die Straßenkämpfe von München und der Kreis Stefan Georges, der frühe Wiederstand gegen die Nazis, die Flucht nach der "Kristallnacht", der Aufstand gegen die angepasste Universität der Mc-Carthy-Zeit. Stationen einer Intellektuellen- und Gelehrtenvita, die wie Robert Lerner bemerkt, von der Rechten zur Linken verlief, statt wie die meisten im Jahrhundert der Ideologien und ihrer Renegaten un umkehrte Richtung.