bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Perception Philosophy in Plato
Authors: Filgueiras de Araújo Hugo
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to defend that Plato’s philosophy, embodied in the hypothesis of forms that has in its scope an account of sense data and sensitivity. They do not have to be left out, as the secondary literature usually holds. In Theaetetus, Socrates analyses exhaustively the possibility of sensitivity be held as knowledge; In Phaedo, using the reminiscence argument, Plato admits that in order to have learning process and memory, it is necessary that we have two correlative and mutually necessary cognitive experiences, namely: a sensitive perception (aísthesis), which gives rise to anamneses, and the soul’s contact to the forms, which is prior to birth. This is so, because the individual can only have memory of what he knew beforehand. This paper holds therefore that there is a perception philosophy in Plato.
Organon and its Meaning
Authors: Bezerra Tiburtino Hugo
Published: June 2018

What does it mean when it is said that Aristotelian logic is an organon, an instrument? Does it mean that Aristotle’s logic is a method? I shall argue that the first meaning of organon is not that it is a method; at least that was not the intention of the ancient commentators, who began the tradition of an instrumental logic. Indeed, for them organon means what it is supposed to mean, i.e., means that lead to an end, even if we talk about logic or any other discipline; that do not imply that it should be a method, although does not rule this out also.
Justice as a Method of Politics in Plato’s Republic
Authors: Bitiniece Laura
Published: June 2018

This paper looks at a hypothesis that for Plato politics is a field of ethical acts. The reason behind every truly political action is justice, in a way making justice a method of politics. According to Resp. 433a-c, it’s possible to interpret two meanings of justice: (a) the principle of differentiation by division of functions, and (b) something that provides δύναμις for virtues. Seeing justice as a creative energy, justice can be understood as a motivational force to counterbalance the force of desires. Republic is clear about “who has to do x?” (one who is fit for it, e.g. Resp. 370a-c, 433a) and “how to do x?” (with the ἀρετή of this τέχνη, e.g. Resp. 352e-353c). The question “why to do x” (because it is just) in all the cases concerning life in polis is the one, that could possibly link the motivational gap in politics and ethics of Plato’s Republic.
Philosophia as Energeia in Aristotle
Authors: Cankaya Aylin
Published: June 2018

This paper discusses Aristotle’s description of philosophia in a way of how it should be understood? It seems like philosophy begins with wonder. In this sense, it consists of an inquiry. Hereby, inquiring about the “things” and “beings” and constantly pursuing knowledge indicates an endless process. And this process may not be sufficient for philosophical activity itself. Besides the inquiry process, philosophical activity consists of active thinking and the ability to practice active thinking in our daily lives. In this context, philosophy is not a debate of abstract concepts, or describing the concepts. For Aristotle, philosophia was a way of active living throughout our entire lives. That means that not only pursing knowledge is necessary to achieve that state, but also thinking about, and transforming that knowledge in our lives. This paper focuses on the active part of philosophy; which can be seen as an important part towards the understanding of philosophia.
A Myth on the Origin of Humans in Plato’s Protagoras
Authors: Deretić Irina
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to elucidate the origin, development and nature of human beings as it is described in Plato’s Protagoras myth. My main claim is that, according to this story, the human is a multi-dimensional being with various aspects and dispositions. After the creation of mortals had been finished, the human dispositions were further developed and differentiated through time. The creation and further development of living beings is to be divided into four stages, out of which the pre-political and political are of particular significance for humans. I will attempt to show that each of these stages can be better accounted for by using the different hermeneutical models, or by finding out which theory underlines each of them.
Plato’s Phaedrus on Philosophy and the City
Authors: Elliott Brian
Published: June 2018

This paper offers an interpretation of the dramatic setting of Plato’s Phaedrus as an allegory of the situation of the philosopher within Plato’s Athens. Following Jean-Pierre Vernant’s work on the place of class struggle and warfare within the ancient Greek city-state in his Myth and Society in Ancient Greece I decipher key passages on the Phaedrus as implicit responses to Plato’s experience of the city. The key themes that emerge are: the relation between the country and the city; the connection between leisure, luxury, and territorial expansion; the prospects for philosophical rule in the city; and the assessment of writing as a product of urban and commercial development. In my concluding paragraphs I suggest that Plato’s dialogues should more generally be regarded as a confrontation with the social conditions of the city-state as Plato experienced them. I also suggest that Platonic writings such as the Phaedrus are best interpreted allegorically as well as literally to ensure that multiple levels of meaning are drawn out through close analysis.
Prelude to a Genealogy of Happiness: Solon to Socrates
Authors: Fain Lucas
Published: June 2018

This paper examines how the Solonian conception of happiness appears transformed in the Socratic teaching, precisely as it is bound up with the introduction of erōs in the historical transition from Herodotean inquiry to Platonic philosophy. It argues, first, that philosophy is distinguished from inquiry by the introduction of erōs; and second, that the turn from olbos to eudaimonia appears as a defining moment in the historical transition from in-quiry to philosophy. Whereas Herodotean inquiry understands the importance for happiness of looking to the end and seeing the whole, Platonic philosophy understands the end or the whole as a fundamental problem, and indeed as a fundamentally erotic problem.
The God of Metaphysics as a Way of Life in Aristotle
Authors: Gonzalez Francisco J.
Published: June 2018

The question addressed here is how Aristotle can characterize the ‘unmoved mover’ that is the ‘first ousia’ and first principle of his metaphysics not only as being alive, but as a model for the best kind of human life. The first step towards understanding this characterization is the distinction between ‘motion’ (kinêsis) and ‘activity’ (energeia) that Aristotle develops in 6th chapter of Metaphysics (book 9). Only on the basis of this distinction can we understand how the unmoved mover can be active without being in motion. The second is the argument in De Anima that the soul as principle of life is not any kind of motion, being unmoved even by itself. The soul indeed ‘moves’ in the sense of causing motion, but while remaining itself unmoved. On this basis we see that the meaning of ‘life’ in us is not fundamentally different from its meaning in the divine, and that therefore we can indeed find in the ultimate object of metaphysics a model for how we ourselves are to live.
Avicenna’s Interpretation of Aristotle’s Metaphysics (Ε1, 1026a13-16)
Authors: Gullino Silvia
Published: June 2018

During the 9th century Aristotle’s Metaphysics was translated for the first time from Greek into Arabic by Ustâth, at the request of al-Kindî and, afterwards, the interest of the Arab world in this oeuvre grew with the production of several translations, comments and paraphrases of the work. Among the books which compose the Metaphysics, one of the most studied was book Epsilon. In particular Arab philosophers focused their interest on the passage of Ε1, which contains a classification of the theoretical sciences (1026a13-1026a16), founded on the degree of immateriality and of separation from the matter of their object. Aristotle states: “Natural science deals with things which are inseparable from matter but not immovable, and some parts of mathematics deal with things which are immovable, but probably not separable, but are embodied in matter; while the first science deals with things which are both separable and immovable”. According to the Arab exegetes, Aristotle introduces here the doctrine of the three degrees of abstraction, on the base of which the object of first philosophy is the most abstract among the beings, both from the conceptual point of view and from the real one. This interpretation of the Aristotelian text – already present in Avicenna – had a huge influence on the Latin Middle Ages and on modern philosophy.
Concerning the Right Time: καιρός in Plato’s Statesman
Authors: Harry Chelsea
Published: June 2018

In her book, Method and politics in Plato’s Statesman (1998), Melissa Lane discusses the relationship between political authority and time. Namely, she asks what the source of political authority could be when, in the Statesman, the Stranger tells us that law cannot be applicable in all situations, for all people, in all times (294b2-6, 295a1-5). In this paper I agree with Lane that the apparent contradiction in the dialogue between, on the one hand, the temporal laws and, on the other hand, the contingency of everyday situations can be explained only in coming to understand the statesman as a master of kairos, or “right timing”. A mastery of kairos, I suggest, does not mean simply that one is able to recognize when it is the right time to do or say something, but rather it must mean that one is able to create the right time, which involves foreknowledge of universal truth and proficiency in the art of putting things together.
Aristotle on the Complete Justice
Authors: Hsu Hsei-Yung
Published: June 2018

It is well-known that Aristotle in the Nicomachean Ethics V deals with a single virtue, justice. He divides justice into two kinds: the complete justice and the particular justice; and the latter is further divided into several different sub-kinds of justice, among them the distributive and corrective justice are the most prominent. As regard the former, Aristotle defines it as law-abidingness and the complete exercise of all virtues. However, the notion of law-abidingness and the notion of virtue as the state of character seem to be in conflict. In this paper I would like to explore this issue by arguing the fact that Aristotle’s identifying the complete virtue with law-abidingness shows that although for him justice is still a virtue, but it is different in kind. For not only can justice not fit into the scheme of the doctrine of the mean, but also does not have the corresponding emotion. That is, it is not a state of character. A proper interpretation of the Aristotelian notion of the complete justice would be to see it as concerning with rules or principles.
Protagoras’s ‘Homo Mensura’: a Reinterpretation
Authors: Kunkolienker Kamladevi
Published: June 2018

In this paper a reinterpretation of Protagoras thesis, ‘homo mensura’ is attempted. Plato’s interpretation of Protagorean statement, ‘homo mensura’ in his Theaetetus, as ‘knowledge is perception’ is not reliable, since he was hostile towards sophists. ‘Homo mensura’ expresses a philosophical relativism, wherein Protagoras maintains that each one of us is determiner of truth. Each one of us is the unique authority on the content of our own perception. As a result, our judgments are incorrigible. However, not all judgments are equally true. Protagoras provided for consensus, wherein changes are caused by wise man and he appeals to reason through common sense ways to grasp truth. It seems that Protagoras goes beyond the meaning of sense; perception in man-measure thesis. In this reinterpretation ‘measure’ stands for an insight in determining the general self-world view and the way of life implicit in such a view. It refers to the deeper valuing, and not to any external standard. It has to fit in the overall reality in which man lives, and as demonstrated by his perception and harmony of action to which it leads. This anti-dogmatic philosophical relativism places man in central position. Protagoras’s engineering approach and inseparability of thought and emotion plays an important role in man’s being ‘measure’ of all things.
Aristotle’s Nous as Telos-related Teasoning: an Explanation
Authors: Liao Shenbai
Published: June 2018

It is important to re-investigate Aristotle’s concept of nous. This concept basically denotes some telos-related thinking/reasoning activity of the human intellect, which proceeds both upward and downward: upward to grasp a comprehension of the telos one has acquired, and downward to reach some ultimate end. It differs from the theoretical thinking/reasoning of science in its upward-proceeding inquiries in that it constitutes a comprehension of the very first principles; it differs from technique in its downward-proceeding reasoning in that it always proceeds with a certain comprehension of or insight into the telos of human beings. As it aims to attain some ultimate end, in practical affairs it is construed to proceed with downward reasoning. This downward reasoning zigzags around the issues being faced, until reaching some ultimate point, at which we need no more thinking and simply act. To see how this helps us in finding a way to the good life, we must adopt a special perspective on living, i.e., that of the good man, because it contains and is addressed to greater truth.
Χρόνος in the Biological Works of Aristotle
Authors: de Moor Mieke
Published: June 2018

In this paper, I would like to consider Aristotle’s concept of time by examining his use of the word χρόνος in the biological works. I defend the thesis that for Aristotle, χρόνος is first and foremost a local biological and physical reality and not a universal mathematical structure. That is to say that in the biological works χρόνος refers to the time of specific movements and functions or biological activities: for example the time of mating, the period of gestation, generation, the periods of celestial movements etc. I will argue that this becomes clear as we examine the semantics of the word χρόνος in his biological works, and especially in the more descriptive works such as History of animals. The larger aim of my paper is to provide elements that shed a new light on Aristotle’s “theory of time” in his Physics (IV, 10-14). I will argue that for Aristotle time is a relative and that, although he states that we can’t attribute velocity to time, his conception is in this respect much more akin to the theory of Einstein than to the conception of Newton. So, I construct and evaluate arguments to sustain the Aristotelian notion of χρόνος as ‘local time’. This important aspect of his theory of time has until now largely been overlooked.
Aristotle’s Akrasia: The Role of Potential Knowledge and Practical Syllogism
Authors: Oranli Imge
Published: June 2018

In Nicomachean Ethics VII Aristotle describes akrasia as a disposition. Taking into account that it is a disposition, I argue that akrasia cannot be understood on an epistemological basis alone, i.e., it is not merely a problem of knowledge that the akratic person acts the ways he does, but rather one is akratic due to a certain kind of habituation, where the person is not able to activate the potential knowledge s/he possesses. To stress this point, I focus on the gap between potential knowledge and its activation, whereby I argue that the distinction between potential and actual knowledge is at the center of the problem of akrasia. I suggest that to elaborate on this gap, we must go beyond the limits of Nicomachean Ethics to Metaphysics IX, where we find Aristotle’s discussion of the distinction between potentiality and actuality. I further analyze the gap between potential and actual knowledge by means of Aristotle’s discussion of practical syllogism, where I argue that akrasia is a result of a conflict in practical reasoning. I conclude my paper by stressing that for the akratic person the action is determined with respect to the conclusion of the practical syllogism, where the conclusion is produced by means of a ‘conflict’ between the universal opinion which is potential and the particular opinion which is appetitive.
Are the Parts of the Soul Three or Nine According to Plato?
Authors: Papadis Dimitris
Published: June 2018

The present paper discusses the question of whether the manifoldness of the soul is restricted to its three known parts or whether those three parts can further be divided into individual parts. According to the Republic 580d7-8 the three parts of the soul correspond to the three kinds of pleasure, so each part of the soul corresponds to its proper pleasure. It is not only the pleasure that is nuanced, according to each part of the soul and its particular nature, but also the spirited (ἐπιθυμίαι) and the rational part (ἀρχαὶ) of the soul are nuanced in the same way. Thus, it becomes clear that each of the three main parts of the soul include three powers: the cognitive, the spirited, and the appetitive, so that we can rightly argue that there are nine powers of the soul in total. This happens because, for example, the cognitive power is as a proper kind a single unified power, but it is also divided in three further powers, according to the particular nature of each of the three main parts of the soul. And, of course, same goes for the other two parts of the soul, the spirited and the appetitive part.
Epagōgē, Nous and Phantasia in Aristotle’s Logical System
Authors: Pechlivanidis Christos
Published: June 2018

In this paper, I try to show how epagōgē is related to the actions of nous, and furthermore to the kind of calculative (λογιστικὴ) or deliberative (βουλευτικὴ) phantasia analysed by Aristotle in De Anima. By examining the role, whichAristotle attaches to the epagōgē, nous and phantasia, I conclude that the Stagerite philosopher didn’t mean to identify epagōgē merely to a process of systematic correlation of the empirical facts. Experience finds its deserved place inAristotle’s epistemological system, but it is the mind’s actions that lead us to discover the new and the novel. Among them phantasia has a distinguished constructive role. Aristotle in his logical treatises describes the classic theory of syllogismōs and the less systematic theory of epagōgē. Transcribing, however, the argument from the field of logic to one of the epistemic process within Aristotle’s philosophy, I argue that in the light of De Anima, and specifically at those points where the philosopher mentions the power of the mind to imagine and infer, Aristotle’s model of knowledge is better explained, and the epistemic character that the philosopher attributed to the meaning of epagōgē, nous and phantasia is demonstrated in a more complete way.
Science is Cultural: a Comment on Aristotle’s Epistemology
Authors: Troster Tomás
Published: June 2018

Grasp principles and create concepts (noemata) seem to be very close activities in Aristotle’s epistemology. Indeed, definitions are among Aristotle’s principles of science. They are not as universal as logical principles, but they are indispensable for the very existence of science, which is a kind of knowledge that must involve truth and truth exists only in language. Nevertheless, as elements of language, definitions and concepts are created under the structure of words, and these represent objects not in a natural way but by convention (kata syntheken) (DI, 1). Though the philosopher does not state it, a concept/noema – despite being a product of intelligence/noesis (as its own morphology indicates) – is always a product of a specific culture and, consequently, is science. From this point of view, science would be a kind knowledge that intends to be universal, but it is no more than an interpretation which is culturally limited by a language.
Metaphysics Z: The Real Set-up
Authors: Tselemanis Pantazis
Published: June 2018

Metaphysics Z is usually interpreted as moving from the pri-macy of the particular, individual substance to the primacy of the substantial form. This rests partly on the undeniable fact that the rather restricted universe of the Categories is there expanded into the much wider universe of the Meta-physics; but it also rests on the questionable view of an abrupt shift from a broadly logical to a purely metaphysical doctrine. In this paper, I suggest that the Physics universe is under consideration in book Z almost from the start, and present a partial sketch of reading the first three chapters accordingly.
Mos Geometricus in the Modern Context
Authors: Veingold Aleksander
Published: June 2018

Among other things, a common algorithm for constructing of any “proving knowledge” was also set up by the ancient Greeks – it is axiomatic method. As a result of axiomatizing analysis, suitable ostensively defined concepts as primary elements of axiomatized philosophy were selected and was formulated the “axiom of existence”: “Reality is interaction of the nature, humanity and the world of models”. Within the context of this axiom philoso-phy is a permanent aspiration to create the most adequate model. All axioms of modeling are a part of the Aristotle’s “first wisdom” which is the «business of the philosopher», and exclusively of the philosopher. Models of incorporative objects might be interactive: therefore, non-interactive will be such a model of humanity, where it is considered as a part of the nature, i.e., using suitable the most adequate non-interactive model of nature. Considering humanity as a fluctuation of the nature brings to the foreground the problem of our survival. To ensure that fluctuations do not lead to unpredictable undesirable con-sequences for self-organized mankind, it’s necessary to introduce up-to-date philosophy into the Compulsory Education. Teaching in schools “elements of philosophy”, realized as “ordo geometrica”, will be a worthy continuation of the “business of the philosopher”, which was started by geniuses of Hellas.
Pizza or Pu’er: A Comparative Essay on the Nature of Rhetoric in Plato’s Phaedrus and Gorgias
Authors: Wang Ziqiao
Published: June 2018

“For us moderns, rhetoric means artificiality, insincerity, decadence”. Henri-Irénée Marrou’s opinion resonates with the Platonic claim that rhetoric is cookery in Gorgias. However, in Phaedrus, Plato states that rhetoric is medicine. So, is rhetoric cookery or medicine? This paper asserts that the determinants of rhetoric to be cookery or medicine are its methods and purposes – rhetoric is cookery when used as a trick and rhetoric is medicine when used as an art. First, the definitions of art and trick in Gorgias and Phaedrus are cross-examined. Second, the purposes of art and trick in both Platonic texts are comparatively studied. Third, the different natures of rhetoric dominated in each dialogue are analyzed. For rhetoric, based on false knowledge, is aimed at pleasure, it is a trick, rhetoric is cookery. While for rhetoric based on the true knowledge and kairos is used for persuasion, it is an art, and rhetoric is a medicine.
Η δομή της ανθρώπινης ψυχής και η μορφή του πολιτεύματος κατά τον Πλάτωνα
Authors: Δημητρακοπούλου Αναστασία
Published: June 2018

Κατά τον Πλάτωνα η πορεία της πόλης εξαρτάται από την ηθική και την πνευματική στάθμη των πολιτών της. Όταν οι πολίτες είναι χείριστοι, αντιστοίχως και η πόλη, όπως και το πολίτευμα, θα νοσούν από την ίδια ασθένεια. Ως εκ τούτου, η άριστη πόλη κάποια στιγμή εξαιτίας των ηθών των πολιτών της θα εκπέσει σ’ έναν κατώτερο τύπο πολιτεύματος· η πορεία της αυτή θα συνεχισθεί, δηλαδή η έκπτωση στους κατώτερους τύπους. Ο Πλάτων αποδέχεται την κυκλική διαδοχή στα πολιτεύματα, πράγμα το οποίο δεν δέχεται ο Αριστοτέλης, ο οποίος επικρίνει τις θέσεις του δασκάλου του. Η διαφορά τους βρίσκεται στις διαφορετικές αρχές επί των οποίων θεμελιώνουν τις προτάσεις τους για το ζήτημα της μεταβολής των πολιτευμάτων. Ο Πλάτων δεν κάνει ιστορική ή κοινωνιολογική θεώρηση του θέματος, όπως ο Αριστοτέλης, αλλά θέτει το ζήτημα σε φιλοσοφικά θεμέλια. Η ερμηνεία που δίδει επηρεάζεται από τις απόψεις του περί ψυχής.
Impacto beneficioso de la actividad física sobre la autoestima y la situación social en las personas mayores = The positive impact of physical activity on self-esteem and social situation in the elderly
Authors: Barrera Algarín Evaristo , Sarasola-Sánchez-Serrano José Luis
Published: June 2018

Resumen: Se realiza estudio en la Provincia de Sevilla, en la que participa el grupo de Investigación en (anonimizado) de la Universidad (anonimizado). El objetivo de investigación fue la realización de estudio vinculando la actividad física con la capacidad funcional, su perfil psicosocial, autoestima y situación social. A partir de una metodología experimental de tipo Posttest-Only Group Design se analizan un grupo de personas mayores que realizan actividad física, y otro grupo control con perfiles sedentarios. Haciendo uso de diversas escalas entre las que destacan el VATAD y la escala de Rosenberg, se establece que la actividad física en las personas mayores queda relacionada con mayores niveles de autoestima, así como con una mejor situación social, y una mejor sociabilidad  y relación con su entorno.Abstract: A study was carried out in the Province of Seville, in which the Research Group Trabajo Social y Político Social (PAIDI Sej-452) of the Pablo de Olavide University. The research goal was to conduct a study linking physical activity with functional capacity, psychosocial profile, self-esteem and social situation. Based on an experimental methodology of the Posttest-Only Group Design type, a group of elderly people performing physical activity and another group with sedentary profiles are analyzed. Using various scales including VATAD and the Rosenberg scale, it is established that physical activity in the elderly is in relationships with higher levels of self-esteem, as well as with a better social situation, and a better sociability and relationship with their environment.
Cómo las plataformas digitales transforman nuestra manera de practicar deporte: el caso de Timpik = How digital platforms transform the way we practice sports: the case of Timpik
Authors: Gil García Javier
Published: June 2018

Resumen: Este estudio analiza el caso de Timpik, plataforma digital que pone en contacto a desconocidos para que puedan practicar deportes juntos. Se plantea que Timpik surge cómo respuesta a las nuevas necesidades de los sujetos para practicar deporte, en una sociedad en transformación, cada vez más organizada bajo los principios del neoliberalismo. Pero también se plantea que la lógica y funcionamiento de Timpik genera una forma de interacción y de relaciones sociales entre los usuarios determinada. La plataforma funciona como un mecanismo de disciplinamiento que hace que los usuarios reproduzcan la lógica, las formas sociales y la subjetividad del neoliberalismo. Es decir, refleja como la figura del homo oeconomicos neoliberal se desarrolla por medio de la práctica deportiva. Para analizar la plataforma se recurre a metodologías del campo de la netnografía.  Abstract: This study analyzes the case of Timpik, a digital platform that connects strangers so they can practice sports together. It is stated that Timpik emerges as a response to the new social needs of people to practice sports, in a society in transformation, increasingly organized under the principles of neoliberalism. But it is also suggested that the way Timpik operates generates a certain form of interaction and social relations among users. The platform works as a disciplining mechanism that makes users reproduce the logic, social forms and subjectivity of the neoliberalism. That is, it reflects how the figure of the neoliberal homo oeconomicos develops through sports practice. To analyze the platform, methodologies from the field of netnography are used.
Exploring Cognitive Aspects of Competence in Sign Language Interpreting of Dialogues: First Impressions
Authors: Tiselius Elisabet
Published: June 2018

Sign language interpreting of dialogues shares many features with the interpreting of dialogues between non-signed languages. We argue that from a cognitive perspective in dialogue interpreting, despite some differences between the two types of interpreting, sign language interpreters use many of the same processes and handle similar challenges as interpreters between non-signed languages. We report on a first exploration of process differences in sign language interpreting between three novice and three experienced Swedish Sign Language interpreters. The informants all interpreted the same dialogue and made a retrospection of their interpreting immediately after the task. Retrospections were analyzed using tools for identifying reported processing problems, instances of monitoring, and strategy use (see Ivanova 1999). Furthermore, the interpreting products (both into Swedish Sign Language and into Swedish) and their differences were qualitatively analyzed. The results indicate that there are differences between the two groups, both in terms of the retrospective reports and in terms of the interpreting product. As expected, monitoring seems to be a factor determined by experience. The experienced interpreters seemed to have more efficient ways of handling turn taking and the internalization of new vocabulary. The study also concludes that to use instruments devised for simultaneous conference interpreting (Ivanova 1999; Tiselius 2013), the instruments need to be adapted to the dialogue setting, even though in the case of sign language interpreting the simultaneous interpreting technique is used even in dialogue interpreting.
Translating Terminology in Business Annual Reports (English-Arabic)
Authors: Al Obaidani Khalfan S.
Published: June 2018

Business annual reports are financial statements that contain key information about a company’s activities. The reports are distributed to interested parties (e.g. stockholders, creditors, financial analysts and customers) to satisfy their information requirements. In Oman, annual business reports are produced in English and translated into Arabic in order to provide Arab readers with vital information about the companies’ operations and their financial positions. This article analyzes lexical variations, i.e. financial and business terminologies in both English and Arabic versions of the annual reports. A comparison between the English and Arabic profiles of the reports found that the business terms, e.g. ‘currents assets’, ‘asset impairment’ and ‘changes in equity’ showed less variation than others that occurred more dominantly in earlier Arabic translations. This article contributes to the discipline of Translation Studies (TS) by investigating lexical variations of business terms within sociocultural and ideological contexts in Oman. It attempts to answer the following question, ‘with respect to business and financial terms, do the Arabic versions of the annual reports reflect the notion of standardization over the course of time in specific industrial domains?’ Qualitative methods are applied to compare, describe, and analyze the textual profiles of the two versions of the reports. It concludes that the Arabic business and financial terms have become more widely established over the course of time, thus reflecting the notion of standardization. Finally, this article suggests to integrate textual analysis with sociological input to have more insight into translation agents.
Comment l’entrepreneur peut-il surmonter le doute ? Apport de la théorie de l’effectuation1
Authors: Jacquemin* Amélie , Lesage Xavier
Published: June 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de mieux comprendre le parcours d’un entrepreneur, analysé comme un processus expérientiel, et de saisir les logiques d’action que l’entrepreneur met en oeuvre pour surmonter les périodes de doute auxquelles il est confronté. A travers deux études de cas longitudinales, nous avons observé la prégnance de la logique effectuale d’action, à travers l’ensemble de ses principes, lorsque l’entrepreneur novice connait une période de doute. Notre recherche permet par ailleurs de mieux cerner le concept de doute entrepreneurial en proposant une définition qui prolonge et complète les tentatives de définitions préexistantes.
L’effet d’e-WOM sur l’image de marque, l’attitude et l’intention d’achat : une étude empirique sur l’industrie agroalimentaire en Tunisie
Authors: Zouabi1 Houda , Kammoun Mohamed
Published: June 2018

L’émergence d’internet a permis au bouche à oreille électronique (e-WOM) à se développer. Ce moyen de communication facilite aux consommateurs en ligne d’accéder à plus d’informations d’une part et de faciliter la communication interpersonnelle via les commentaires en ligne, d’autre part. L’objectif de cet article est donc d’examiner dans quelle mesure l’e-WOM peut influencer l’image de marque, l’attitude et l’intention d’achat dans l’industrie agroalimentaire en prenant, comme champ d’étude, le contexte tunisien. Une enquête est réalisée auprès de 270 répondants. Les résultats montrent que l’e-WOM a des effets positifs sur l’image de marque, l’attitude et l’intention d’achat.
Developing a Typology of Competitive Intelligence Proficiency: The Case of French SMEs and Funded Intervention Programs
Authors: LARIVET Sophie , SMITH Jamie , WRIGHT Sheila
Published: June 2018

This article reports on a study about the evolution of SMEs’ Competitive Intelligence (CI) practices, in the French context of a public CI policy. Fifteen Directors of CI programs at Chambers of Commerce were interviewed and 176 SME decision-makers surveyed. An important contribution is a typology of SMEs including perceived constraints, advisors, and attitudes towards CI. We conclude that SMEs find appropriate help through publicly funded programs at the early stages of CI practice, whereas consultants are effective to guide them towards higher levels of performance. The findings are of significance to SME managers, CI providers and policy decision-makers.
Médias et sentiment sur les marchés actions européens : influence de la culture nationale
Authors: BOITOUT Nicolas , HERVÉ Fabrice , ZOUAOUI Mohamed
Published: June 2018

Dans cet article, nous développons une nouvelle mesure du sentiment des investisseurs en Europe à partir d’une analyse de contenus d’articles issus du Financial Times. Dans la lignée des travaux de finance comportementale, nous trouvons que notre mesure du sentiment influence la performance boursière des entreprises difficiles à évaluer et à arbitrer. Par ailleurs, nous montrons que la culture nationale influence le lien entre sentiment des investisseurs et rentabilités boursières. L’impact du sentiment se révèle plus prononcé pour les pays les plus culturellement enclins à des comportements de sur-réaction ou grégaires.
My Food Guide, Their Food Guide: diversity and personalization in Canada’s national
dietary guidelines
Authors: Amend Elyse
Published: June 2018

Along with the release of Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide in 2007,
Health Canada introduced supplementary materials meant to tailor the general food guide to
those not fully represented in it, and to account for dietary diversity. This article takes
a closer look at one of these supplementary tools: the interactive food guide website, My
Food Guide. It draws on transcripts and background documentation related to the 2007 food
guide revision process, including the creation of the My Food Guide online tool, obtained
through Access to Information requests that shed light on the issues that arose during its
development. In addition to providing insight into how the My Food Guide website attempts to
address cultural and dietary difference and the problems that arise, this article concludes
by raising a number of questions researchers and policymakers might keep in mind as Health
Canada prepares to release its upcoming revised dietary guidelines and related consumer
resources.
The Crisis After the Crisis: Neoliberalized Discourses of Urgency, Risk and Resilience in the Reconstruction of Lac-Mégantic
Authors: Gilbert Liette
Published: June 2018

This article examines how discourses of urgency, risk and resilience were mobilized in the reconstruction phase of Lac-Mégantic in the aftermath of the violent train derailment of July 2013. These discursive practices are central to rendering the existing built environment obsolete and allowing for redevelopment and reconstruction through expropriation and demolition. The manipulative discourses deployed in Lac-Mégantic utilize urgency to justify legislation than enables appropriation and demolition while creating the appearance of asking people to participate to reinvent their city. The mobilization of a risk and public insecurity logic about decontamination served as an alibi for demolishing the remaining downtown to clear the way for new real estate investments. It was also about emotionalizing resilience as a way to discredit contestation and instill acceptance and support for reconstruction efforts. The reconstruction process is deemed a crisis after the July 2013 crisis.
What Makes a Dangerous Goods Disaster? The Regulatory Perspective
Authors: van Schouwen Jasmine
Published: June 2018

The following study aims to identify the various regulatory failures which may lead to industrial disasters through the lens of a comparative study of the Fukushima Daiichi and Lac-Mégantic disasters. Through this comparison, the author aims to demonstrate that even in very different circumstances, certain common regulatory behaviours, structures and cultures may lead to similar disastrous outcomes. This study will focus on three types of regulatory failure: (1) weak or vague operating rules; (2) a lack of inspections to assess compliance with regulatory standards as well as a lack of enforcement when non-compliance is identified; and (3) regulatory capture resulting in the adoption of unsafe practices, underestimating risks or willful blindness to safety threats. However, the author emphasizes that other forms of regulatory failure, beyond the scope of this study, were present in both cases, including the regulators’ failure to keep track of essential safety data, the use of flawed risk assessment protocols, over-reliance on industry data, lack of independence from government, and failure to implement adequate emergency response programs.
SMANJEN RAST - VAŽNOST RANE DETEKCIJE
Authors: Katanić Dragan
Published: June 2018

Centralni endokrini dirigent je hipotalamus, a hipofiza je prva violina endokrinog orkestra. Njen najvažniji hormonje ACTH, koji putem kortizola obezbeđuje energiju glukoneogenezom. TSH putem T3 zagreva telo, omogućavajući bržehemijske reakcije u homeoterma (članovi ekspedicija na Arktiku imaju stalno diskretno viši TSH, radi održavanje telesnetemperature). Stoga su, evluciono, ACTH i TSH najvažniji pituiciti i zato su najotporniji na zračenja, toksine i virusneinfekcije. Svi ostali hormoni hipofize nisu bitni za svakodnevni život (hormon rasta, prolaktin, gonadotropini, adiuretin,oksitocin) i predstavljaju luksuzne funkcije. Radi štednje energije, one postaju dormantne u fazama akutnog ili hroničnogstresa (psihosocijalno uslovljen nizak rast, agalaktija, amenoreja, impotencija).
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE FRAME STRUCTURAL MODEL WITH TUNED LIQUID DAMPER
Authors: Šiljegović Mladen
Published: June 2018

In this paper, a brief overview of damping systems and their operation and analysisprinciples is provided, with emphasis on tuned damping systems of engineeringstructures. The results of the experimental analysis are presented for an aluminum framestructure excited with initial displacement. The measured dynamic parameters(eigenfrequencies and dumping factors) of the basic experimental model are comparedwith the numerical model values. Furthermore, the comparison of the results obtained fordifferent variants of the experimental model are shown. Responses of models with andwithout the damping device are considered. A water reservoir placed on top of thestructure is utilized as a damping device. The water level in the reservoir and orientationof the reservoir with respect to the direction of excitation force are varied. For all modelvariants, the values of the first and the second eigenfrequencies in the direction ofexcitation are shown and the corresponding damping values are estimated.
INFLUENCE OF FINE RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE ON THE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT MIXTURES
Authors: Radević Aleksandar
Published: June 2018

The objective of this paper was to assess the possibility of using fine recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in asphalt mixtures. The experimental research included four asphalt mixtures with partial natural aggregate substitution by fine RCA (0/4 mm), in the amount of 0% (control mixture), 15%, 30% and 45%, by mass. All asphalt mixtures were designed for the base course. The stiffness modulus of asphalt mixtures with RCA was lower compared with the control mixture. The use of fine RCA had no significant influence on the water sensitivity and ranged from -2.4% to +1.7% relative to the control mixture. Resistance to permanent deformation increases with the addition of up to 30% fine RCA.
ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL BUILDING ENVELOPE ACCORDING TO A PASSIVE AND LOW-ENERGY STANDARD
Authors: Peulić Slobodan
Published: June 2018

High energy demands and obligation for building energy certification make an impact on architectural design and building construction. The paper aims to present energy performance of the educational building envelope in a passive and low-energy standard in the climatic conditions of the north zone of the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The case study of design project for the building of Faculty of Architecture, Civil engineering and Geodesy, which construction started in 2011 in Banja Luka, serves as the basis for the presented research . The original plan for passive educational building development required large investments, which unfortunately were not provided. Planned 179construction costs with new concept were reduced, not only with lower requirements of the envelope energy performance, but also technical systems such as heating type, lower costs on finishing layers of floors, furnishing etc. The paper presents changes in energy performance of the building envelope and its impact on transmission and ventilation heat losses, as well as the energy needs for heating.
EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM IN FRATELLO TRADE AD BANJA LUKA
Authors: Tica Gordana
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to show the importance of choosing a refrigerant in cooling plants, and to provide an insight into how this choice influences the system in terms of its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The analysis of the influence of a refrigerant on the system’s efficiency and cost-effectiveness was done on an example of a refrigerator storing frozen fish in Fratello Trade AD, Banja Luka. Using the parameters of this system, this study examines whether the plant would be more efficient and economical if anotherrefrigerant was chosen. The existing refrigerant used by this plant is R-404A. Segments that are examined in terms of efficiency and economy include the performance coefficient of the plant and the annual consumption of electricity, that is, their respective costs. The performance coefficient of the plant gives an insight about the correspondence between kW of input electricity and kW of cooling power generated in the system. The higher this coefficient, the more efficient the system is. The calculation of annual energy consumption helps to determine which refrigerantis most cost-effective. The paper shows the analysis based on the choice of the refrigerant.
THE ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE IN PRESERVING THE IDENTITY OF A CITY: CASE STUDY SMEDEREVO
Authors: Đukić Aleksandra
Published: June 2018

Cultural heritage is recognized as an irreplaceable and non-renewable strategic resource for the sustainable development of the city. It could serve as important trigger for strengthening identity and competitiveness of the city at the regional and global level. Industrial heritage is seen as a cultural landscape that stems from the interaction of social groups and the space they belong and in relation to which they build collective identity and cultural meanings, through a layered and complex relationship. Social values of industrial heritage are an important part of citizens' identity, because they represent a part of the memory of people's lives, about industrial progress and pride of the local citizens. The case study is conducted in Smederevo, at the area of industrial heritage along the Danube river bank. Identification of the value and significance of the Indistrial heritage will be investigated by a survey of citizens. The survey is based on the five Lynch`s elements of the image of the city, as well as the identification of the emotional connection of citizens with the city, the understanding of its symbols and meanings.
URBAN FACILITIES FOR A THOUSAND THINGS. COLLECTIVE FORM PROJECTS IN THE SOUTH OF GRANADA
Authors: Rivas Navarro Juan Luis
Published: June 2018

In the current socio-economic context, and particularly in the cities of southern Europe,one of the essential objectives of urban planning is the production of a public space as acollective good that qualifies, shapes and makes sense of urban functions. In thecomposition of "the public" the role of collective urban facilities is key. A tour of certainbases that could help redefine the understanding of public urban facilities is proposed. Theaims are to make the opportunities profitable and the instruments for its correct urbaninsertion flexible, to rescue benefits from the private sphere and to reactivate thegeography and the harmonic readings that the landscape inherited. They are all argumentsthat are exposed and fed by the project and planning experiences in the city of Granada.They offer a readjustment of the meaning of the project and introduce the possibility ofmore useful urban facilities.
EVALUATION AND OPTIMAL LOCATION'S SELECTION FOR MINI HIDRO POWER PLANT'S CONSTRUCTION ON RIVER VRBAS
Authors: Janković Slađana
Published: June 2018

The presented paper is part of a wider research related to the application of water, as a renewable source, which was made in the frame of master program with energy efficiency's topic. This paper analyzes aspects of the mini hydro power plant's construction (with installed power of 0.5 MW) for the energy-ecological development of the rural area and the application of renewable energy sources without negative impact on the environment. An analysis of 3 different locations on river Vrbas was performed using the AHP method and a selection of the most suitable location for the construction of this type of facility was made. At the beginning of the paper, the significance of the mini hydroelectric power plant is described in relation to the large, and later, the potential for the construction of facilities of this type in the wider region of the Republic of Srpska and BiH. The aim of paper is to show the importance of producing electricity using water as a renewable energy source and optimal location selection using the AHP method.
METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR CREATION OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS TYPOLOGY IN SERBIA
Authors: Jovanović Popović Milica
Published: June 2018

After development of methodology for formulation of residential building typology, the same research team from the Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade developed and formulated the methodology for typology of school buildings. For this purpose, specific method of data acquisition was designed and conducted. Obtained data represent part of the public buidling database and were further used for defining typology of school buildings, as well as estimation of energy performance of public buidlings within EmBuild project (Horizon2020 framework). In the paper the methodology of creating this database and gathering information, as well as further work on definition and final typology of school buidlings are presented.