bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respostas fiscais dos governos estaduais para o combate aos efeitos econômicos da COVID-19: um estudo comparado México e Brasil
Authors: ARAUJO JAMILLE CARLA OLIVEIRA , SOUZA FERNANDO GENTIL DE , CELIS LAURA MARGARITA MEDINA , GUZMÁN MARÍA GUADALUPE AGUIRRE , LAGIOIA UMBELINA CRAVO TEIXEIRA
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as medidas fiscais dos governos locais em resposta aos efeitos econômicos da COVID-19, apresentando reflexões relativas aos diferentes contextos do México e do Brasil. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, com base nos dados abertos do governo do Brasil. e México, sendo avaliados 58 estados, 27 estados brasileiros e 31 estados do México. As informações coletadas foram analisadas por meio do software Iramuteq 2.0. Os resultados revelaram que, em ambos os países, os estados adotaram diferentes medidas em respostas aos impactos do COVID-19, em que se destaca o México que adotou: prorrogações e medidas de negociação do imposto sobre veículos, desconto de 100% no imposto sobre veículos na compra de veículos usados, redução do imposto de hospedagem para estados turísticos, isenção de 100% do imposto sobre habitação e incentivos para o pagamento de despesas com trabalhadores. No Brasil, foram adotadas diversas medidas de incentivos fiscais entre os estados, tais como: isenções fiscais, prorrogações e parcelamentos a todos os tributos. A pesquisa permite discutir estratégias direcionadas à identificação das medidas adotadas nos governos estaduais dos países, tendo como limitação a adoção de instrumentos necessários para discutir a recuperação das economias locais e finanças públicas.
Redimindo o ativismo judicial: constitucionalismo democrático e a função contra-argumentativa das cortes constitucionais
Authors: Casimiro Matheus , Peixoto da Cunha França Eduarda , Fernanda Bitencourt Nóbrega Flavianne
Published: February 2024

A expressão “ativismo judicial” funciona como um trunfo argumentativo para aqueles autores que discordam de decisões judiciais acerca de temas controversos. Tão logo uma decisão seja definida como ativista, será considerada ilegítima e, inclusive, inconstitucional, encerrando debates acerca de hard cases que poderiam ocorrer de modo mais científico e menos subjetivo. Busca-se, por meio deste artigo, desmistificar a expressão “ativismo judicial” e desvinculá-la de um sentido intrinsecamente pejorativo. Com base na Teoria do Constitucionalismo Democrático, desenvolvida por Reva Siegel e Robert Post, apresenta-se o papel contra-argumentativo que a jurisdição constitucional desempenha e como, nessa função, ela pode proferir decisões ativistas legítimas e constitucionalmente fundamentadas. Com base nisso, apresentam-se quatro critérios para avaliar se uma decisão ativista é adequada: o normativo; o de accountability; o da jusfundamentalidade; e o dialógico. Por fim, analisam-se decisões recentes do STF (ADPFs 709 e 742 e as ADIs n.os 6.341, 6.856 e 6.857), proferidas durante a pandemia, constatando-se que são compatíveis com os critérios propostos. Adota-se, no trabalho, o método hipotético-dedutivo e a pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico-documental, juntamente a uma análise qualitativa de casos.
Contenido del principio precautorio frente al riesgo a la vulneración del derecho a un ambiente sano y sus contrastes con los principios de prevención e in dubio pro natura
Authors: Calahorrano Latorre Edison Ramiro , Lucero Pantoja Jairo
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del trabajo es explicar el contenido del principio precautorio, a partir de una investigación de carácter inductivo, descriptiva y explicativa, empleando los métodos dogmático, sistemático y analítico. Se plantea como hipótesis que el principio precautorio encuentra justificada su aplicación ante la posible materialización de riesgos en daños graves e irreversibles, siempre que la incerteza científica no permite advertir un nivel aceptable de seguridad. Primero se analiza la incerteza científica como elemento diferenciador del principio precautorio respecto del principio preventivo y el in dubio pro natura. Posteriormente, se profundiza respecto a su función y posible marco de aplicación. Finalmente se concluye que el principio precautorio encuentra su fundamento en la multiplicación de los riesgos y la profundización de los daños a una dimensión intergeneracional, como en el daño ambiental; por otro lado, se distingue del in dubio pro natura por su específico campo de acción en cuanto a riesgos con incerteza científica que pueden generar daños graves e irreversibles. La presente investigación ofrece argumentos respecto a los contornos de aplicación de principio precautorio y su correlación con otros, a partir de análisis de daño y el riesgo. Por su parte, se reconoce que la inexistencia de daño en la aplicación del principio precautorio ha provocado que la doctrina lo ubique, generalmente, fuera de esquema de responsabilidad civil. Lo señalado permite que posteriores investigaciones puedan hacerse cargo de la relación entre el principio precautorio y la misma.
Omega-3 enrichment of broiler dark meat: reducing unlike fats and fishy taint for consumer acceptance
Authors: CHEKANI AZAR Saeid , AGHDAM SHAHRYAR Habib
Published: February 2024

Fish oil (FO) rich in the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC n-3 PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C22:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3) play substantial roles to improve FA composition and enhance health-related effects of animal products like meat, dairy and eggs. However, optimization based solely on omega-3 enrichment could lead to undesirable odours in animal-source foods, unless the FO withdrawal period is applied for 1 week before slaughter. The aim of study was to investigate whether the replacement of FO with poultry fat (PF) in the diet for 21 days followed by its withdrawal for 1 week affected fishy taint of thigh meat, cholesterol (CHOL) and triglycerides (TG) concentrations, n-3-enrichment and growth rate of male broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty birds (21-day-old, Ross 308) were fed 1 of 4 dietary groups (T1=3%PF, T2=2%PF+1%FO, T3=1%PF+2%FO, T4=3%FO) during a 21-d growth period. Broilers fed dietary fish oil indicated an improved rate of growth (P < 0.01) plus a decline of the CHOL and TG levels as well as the n-6: n-3 ratio in thigh meat. Moreover, amount of LC n-3 PUFAs especially EPA and DHA were increased and hence a lower monounsaturated FA: PUFA ratio was detected on day 42 and also after oil/fat withdrawal from the diet. The juiciness and tenderness of dark meat of broilers fed FO dietary groups were raised. But the fishy taint was unfavorably higher (P < 0.01) especially in T4 meat that affected flavor and acceptability thereof. The dissatisfaction of the panelists toward cooked samples of T4 scored as neither like acceptable and their satisfaction with group 3 meats scored as good. Since the lowest n-6/n-3 FAs and a good growth rate were also observed for 1%PF+2%FO (T3), group 3 meats were selected as good-quality omega-3 enriched broiler meat. It is concluded that pre-slaughter withdrawal of replaced fish oil in broiler diet seems ensure the good performance, n-3 enrichment of thigh without probable off-flavors or unlike fats (CHOL and TG) of dark meat.
Effects of dietary substitution of Soybean meal by dried Azolla on blood and serum parameters, productive and reproductive traits, and economic efficiency of rabbit does as well as semen quality of bucks
Authors: EL-DEEB Mohamed M. , ALAZAB Ahmed M. , SHAZLY Soheir A. , FAHIM Hany N. , RAGAB Mona A.
Published: February 2024

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary substitution of dried Azolla (Azolla pinnata) in different ratios by soybean meal on productive and reproductive performances, hematological and serum traits, and economic efficiency of rabbit does as well as semen quality of males. Forty mature does and eight males of Black Balady rabbits aged seven and eight months were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups: 0 (control), 20, 30, and 40% of soybean protein substituted with dried Azolla protein. Data were analyzed using repeated measures of statistical software computer program package. There were no significant differences among groups in number of services per conception as well as parturition intervals (days) with a superiority of 30% group over the control and other two groups. Average litter weight was significantly (P<0.05) superior in the 30% replacement group. There were no significant differences in live body weight either at birth or at weaning among the four tested groups and the 30% replacement groups recorded the highest significant daily weight gain of bunnies during the whole experimental period. All Azolla groups recorded better results in the studied traits of bucks' semen compared to the control. Azolla diets did not show any adverse effects on the studied blood parameters. The 30% replacement of the soybean protein group showed the best economic return compared to the other two replacement groups and the control. In conclusion, Azolla can safely and economically replace soybean protein at the rate of 30% in adult female rabbits' diets.
Keywords: Azolla, Body weight, Rabbit, Reproduction, Semen.
Texture profile, water holding capacity, antioxidant activity and lipid oxidation of beef during retail display from cattle fed total mixed ration supplemented with Capsicum frutescens L. and Curcuma longa L. powders
Authors: PASTSART Umaporn , SRESOMJIT Fonthip , BOCHUAI Rungarun , PIMPA Opart
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to elucidate the effects of supplementation of Capsicum frutescens L. or chili pepper (ChP) and Curcuma longa L. or turmeric (T) powders combination in total mixed ration (TMR) on texture profile, water holding capacity (WHC) and oxidative stability of beef during days 0, 5 and 10 of retail display. The experiment was carried out on 16 crossbred bulls (Brahman and Charolais) of about 2 years in age. The bulls were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups as follows: 1) TMR as control, 2) TMR + 1%ChP powder, 3) TMR + 1%T powder, and 4) TMR supplemented with a mixed powder of 1%ChP + 1%T, over a 6 months feeding period. The results revealed that the hardness and gumminess of control beef were higher than other groups, and the cohesiveness of beef from cattle fed a mixed powder of 1%ChP + 1%T was lower than other groups (P<0.05). Regarding WHC, the results showed that, on days 0 and 5 of storage, the control group meat had higher cooking losses than either the 1%T or a mixture of 1%ChP + 1%T groups (P<0.05). Also, on 0 and 5 days of retail display, the 1%ChP + 1%T group showed the highest antioxidant activity when compared to other groups (P<0.05). As for the lipid oxidation in beef, on day 5 of storage MDA level in control beef was higher than the 1%T or a mixture of 1%ChP + 1%T groups (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the combination of chili pepper and turmeric powder in TMR can improve texture, water holding capacity, and oxidative stability of beef during refrigerated storage.
Keywords: Beef, Chili pepper, Cooking loss, Oxidative stability, Texture profile, Turmeric powder.
Effects of probiotic Enterococcus faecium and raw, fermented and sprouted pearl millet based diets on performances, carcass traits, hematological and biochemical indices of broiler chickens
Authors: OLASEHINDE Oluwakemi , ADEREMI Foluke
Published: February 2024

Probiotics, recognized as a safe substitute for antibiotics in the animal industry, have been acknowledged for their growth-enhancing properties. This study assessed the impact of Enterococcus faecium strain NCIMB 11181 and diets incorporating Raw, Sprouted, and Fermented pearl millet on the performance, carcass traits, organ weights, and blood parameters of broiler chickens. In a randomized design, 120 one-day-old Arbor Acre broiler chickens were assigned to five groups: 1) No supplement, negative control (N-con); 2) Control + antibiotics, positive control (P-con); 3) Raw pearl millet + probiotics in drinking water (RPM + PRO); 4) Sprouted pearl millet + probiotics in drinking water (SPM+PRO); 5) Fermented pearl millet + probiotics in drinking water (FPM + PRO). Probiotic supplementation did not significantly impact body weight gain (BWG) but influenced feed intake (FI) (P<0.05). FPM+PRO increased feed conversion ratio (FCR), thigh yield, and drumstick yield. Thymus weight is reduced in the RPM+PRO and SPM+PRO groups compared to the control groups. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels decreased (P<0.01) in the P-con and FPM+PRO groups. No treatment effect (P>0.05) was observed on hematological indices. Overall, pearl millet diets supplemented with probiotics demonstrated no adverse effects on the health status of broiler chickens, suggesting their potential as viable alternatives to antibiotics.
Poeme Elecroniqe fusion concept of nationalism in “Feel the Sounds of Kenya”
Authors: Wairiuko Jessee Wanderi
Published: February 2024

This study sought to find out Poeme Elecroniqe fusion concept of nationalism in "Feel the Sounds of Kenya". Edgar Varese, a French composer, is hailed as the pioneer of electronic music with his signature Poeme Eletronique composition, which was performed in 1958 in Brussels. Attributes of similitude with Edgar Varese's Poeme Electronique style have come to identify certain African contemporary music idioms. Transcending conventional sonic boundaries that have long defined the Kenyan music space, the piece "Feel the Sounds of Kenya” by CeeRoo exemplifies this innovative fusion concept of electronic elements with social-cultural schemas akin to the Kenyan nationhood, a blend of native nuances with technological progress. Using the content analysis method, the researcher analyses Poeme Electronique concepts in ‘Feel the Sounds of Kenya’ with the aim of establishing the intersection between artistry and technology within the broader discourse of nationalism while propagating national consciousness. This is achieved by using Sofia’s model approach to examine CeeRoo’s ‘Feel the Sounds of Kenya’ on both descriptive and conceptual analysis levels. From the analysis, it is clear that CeeRoo’s “Feel the Sounds of Kenya” exemplifies a perfect union of definitive cultural nuances with electronic music in a space that has long been defined by conventional musical schemas. This information provides a model of how music composers, listeners and performers in Kenya can use normative cultural schemas to augment the conventional musical parlance, grammar and vocabulary. The researcher recommends a contextual-conscious approach for music making, practice and education in Kenya for relevance.
PENENTUAN RUTE TERDEKAT DENGAN ALGORITMA HAVERSINE MENGGUNAKAN LOCATION BASED SERVICE
Authors: Vendyansyah Nurlaily , Suryo Adi Wibowo
Published: February 2024

Kebutuhan kesehatan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan yang crusial. Pemerintah Indonesia memberikan perhatian lebih pada kebutuhan kesehatan untuk masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya himbauan kepada seluruh masyarakat Indonesia untuk memiliki kartu kesehatan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Kartu kesehatan yang dimaksud adalah seperti yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia melalui Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial atau disingkat dengan BPJS, atau jaminan kesehatan yang dikeluarkan oleh asuransi swasta. Faktanya informasi kesehatan tersebut pada website resmi pemerintah Indonesia  khususnya pada kabupaten malang belum diinformasikan dengan baik. Pendukung penting layanan kesehatan diantaranya adalah laboratorium kesehatan dan apotek. Kasus yang banyak terjadi pada masyarakat, adalah ketika memerlukan informasi layanan kesehatan seperti apotek seringkali mengalami kendala untuk mengetahui informasi ketersedian obat yang diresepkan oleh dokter. Urgensi dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana mengetahui jarak apotek di sekitar berdasarkan data geografis.  Data geografis yang digunakan pada penelitian yaitu berupa data garis bujur (longitude) dan garis lintang (latitude) baik sumber (source) maupun tujuan (destination). Informasi lokasi divisualisasikan menggunakan google map. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan bahwa metode haversine dapat digunakan untuk menghitung jarak antar lokasi di permukaan bumi yang berbentuk bulat dengan menggunakan data geografis dengan Location Based Service (LBS) yang memanfaatkan triangulasi Base Station (BTS) dari operator seluler.
As Complicações do Acidente Vascular Encefálico na Reabilitação de Pacientes Reinternados
Authors: Fornazari Bruna Aparecida , Dos Santos Ana Vitória , Oliveira Júlia Bortolosso , Fares Iasmin Korn , Fávero Lara Gomes , Galdino Rafaela Flávia , Nogueira Sophia Bomura
Published: February 2024

A Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident - CVA) is characterized by an interruption of cerebral vascular flow, either ischemic or hemorrhagic, with various etiologies and predisposing factors resulting in physical, cognitive, and behavioral changes. A portion of affected individuals becomes unable to return to work, and in this context, the disease accounts for 40% of early retirements in Brazil, thus already being considered a public health issue. This study will highlight the complications of stroke in the rehabilitation of readmitted patients post-stroke, within the hospital setting. The methodology was structured based on a quantitative and descriptive study, where data were collected through a semi-structured interview with patients or their caregivers. The research was conducted in all hospital wards, and the questionnaire was administered from June to October 2014 to readmitted patients in a Public Teaching Hospital. The results showed that structural changes suffered by a post-stroke patient cause motor alterations such as muscle weakness and spasticity, which can restrict their Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and social participation, making them physically dependent. Particularly, motor deficits in the upper limbs impact the quality of life, as they are essential in ADLs. In conclusion, identifying stroke complications is of significant interest for clinical practice, as it allows for the adoption of preventive strategies capable of minimizing the consequences of stroke, both for the patient and their caregiver
Development of K-Visual GKT Module for Improving Visualization Skill Based on The Art of Origami for Technical Drawing Subjects
Authors: Marji Mohd Salehudin , Musta’amal Aade Hatib , Tahir Lokman Mohd , Shaharudin Noraini
Published: February 2024

Visualization skill is essential abbilites for every students who learn technical drawing, and mathematics in general. This skill could be improved through practical learning. K-Visual GKT designed to enhance students’ visualization skills through activities involving the art of origami and kirigami. This module, based on the Sidek Module Development Model, integrates origami and krigami to engage students in producing 3D paper folds independently. This paper will examine the validity and realibility of the module. This research conducted quantitatively and involves expert and students. The data collected will be analysis. The findings showed that the modules produced high validity values from experts (88%) and high reliability from all students (α=.846). The results affirm the effectiveness of the K-Visual GKT Module in enhancing students' visualization skills, providing a promising solution to address challenges in technical drawing education. Further examination of the module's potential impact on students' visualization skills is proposed, contributing to the ongoing efforts to improve visualization skills.
Green Transformation of Transport on The Example of Emission Assessment of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in Electric and Combustion Engine Vehicles During Operation
Authors: Franciszek ABRAMEK Karol , GOŁĘBIEWSKI Wawrzyniec , OSIPOWICZ Tomasz , LEWICKI Wojciech , KLYUS Oleh
Published: February 2024

Modern researchers have no doubt that the issue of road transport emission is still an inexhaustible research area. The aim of the research is to assess carbon dioxide emissions and efficiency factors of vehicles equipped with conventional drive units (ICE) as well as hybrid and electric ones in the scope of the green transformation awaiting individual transport.
REFLEXOS DA SÍNDROME DE JOUBERT EM UM PACIENTE ADULTO: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Melo Marcos Daniel Borges , Godinho Junior Jatniel de Almeida , Viana Tássia Larissa Imbiriba , Honorato Marcos Manoel
Published: February 2024

A Síndrome de Joubert é caracterizada como uma condição genética que compromete o neurodesenvolvimento, ocasionando a hipoplasia cerebelar, resultando em Paralisia Cerebral Atáxica. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente acometido, quantificando sua debilidade motora e identificando as implicações que a doença trouxe à sua vida. Para a coleta de dados, foram analisados os prontuários de acompanhamento clínico do paciente, e foi feita aplicação da Escala Cooperativa Internacional para Avaliação das Ataxias (ICARS), da Medida da Função Motora Grossa (GMFM) e do Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa (GMFCS) para definir de forma objetiva o grau de comprometimento apresentado pelo paciente. Como resultados, identificou-se que o paciente em análise apresentou importantes atrasos de seu desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, notadamente no que se refere ao controle motor axial, tendo adquirido controle cervical apenas aos 4 anos de idade e tornando-se capaz de andar aos 8 anos. Em seu exame físico mais recente, identificou-se comprometimento da capacidade de coordenação motora, bem como oftalmoparesia. Com relação ao estado de vida atual, verificou-se um paciente incapaz de estabelecer relações íntimas, de morar sem uma companhia que o ajude com os afazeres diários, bem como incapaz de manter uma atividade laboral fixa. A escala GMFM pontuou sua debilidade em 77,32%, com nível I na GMFCS, enquanto seu grau de ataxia foi 36/100 na ICARS.  A neuroimagem identificou o Sinal do Dente Molar. O estudo concluiu que a Síndrome de Joubert não apenas trouxe comprometimentos físicos ao paciente, como também o impede, na vida adulta, de realizar atividades esperadas, como trabalhar, constituir família e morar sozinho. Ademais, notou-se a importância do diagnóstico e tratamento fisioterápico precoce para o neurodesenvolvimento dos pacientes acometidos pela síndrome, sendo um “divisor de águas” para uma melhor evolução de suas habilidades motoras e um menor impacto em sua qualidade de vida.
GABAPENTINA E ABSTINÊNCIA ALCÓOLICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Silva Júlia Alonso Lago , Campos Julia Mothé , Carvalho Déborah Batista de , Figueiredo Júnior Hélcio Serpa de
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da gabapentina no controle da desordem por consumo de álcool em pacientes adultos.  Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, no qual as bases de dados utilizadas foram: PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Os descritores escolhidos, intermediados pelo operador booleano “AND”, para a busca dos artigos nas plataformas foram “efficacy”, “gabapentin” e “alcohol use disorder”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 18 artigos. Desses, 2 estudos não atingiram viabilidade estatística. Os estudos restantes apontaram para a gabapentina sendo capaz de reduzir a síndrome de abstinência e auxiliar na cessação do etilismo. Considerações finais: A gabapentina é uma droga eficaz e segura no controle dos sinais da síndrome de abstinência alcoólica. Os resultados sugerem que além de amenizar a abstinência, o seu uso se associou à redução do consumo de álcool.
Penerapan Metode Forward Chaining Pada Sistem Pakar Tumbuh Kembang Balita
Authors: Mercy Hermawati  , Akbar Muchbarak
Published: February 2024

Keakuratan saat pendataan mengenai berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar kepala pada balita merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat penting dibutuhkan untuk mengukur kesehatan dan pertumbuhan fisik balita tersebut yang digolongkan dalam kategori kurang, normal atau berlebih. Oleh karena itu, dalam mengetahui perkembangan balita,  diperlukan adanya sebuah sistem supaya orangtua balita dapat mengetahui dan mengoptimalkan perkembangan balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan metode forward chaining sebagai mesin inferensi pada sistem pakar tumbuh kembang balita. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, wawancara dan studi literature. Keluaran dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem yang dapat mensimulasikan pengetahuan dari seorang pakar. Sistem pakar adalah sistem komputer yang ditunjuk untuk meniru semua aspek (emulates) kemampuan pengambil keputusan (decision making) seorang pakar. Dengan adanya sistem ini, dapat membantu terutama puskesmas dan posyandu dalam hal pengarsipan data balita yang akan menjadi pembanding tumbuh kembang balita setiap bulannya.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA MESIN PRINTING SM-52 UNTUK PRODUK BUKU TAHUNAN Studi Kasus : CV RENJANA OFFSET
Authors: Dwi Dasa Candra
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini guna menganalisis efektivitas mesin dan memberi usulan perbaikan losses pada mesin SM-52, selama 6 bulan terjadi breakdown selama 17,5 jam. Overall Equipment Effectiveness digunakan untuk mengukur Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) . Nilai Availability Rate dan Quality Rate sudah memenuhi standar, sedangkan rata - rata Performance Rate belum memenuhi standar. Hasil perhitungan Overall Equipment Effectiveness sebesar 94,54% sudah memenuhi standar World Class OEE. Penyebab nilai rendah adalah Set Up And Adjustment Losses sebesar 30%. Perusahaan dapat menjalankan pemeliharaan terencana, pememliharaan berkelanjutan, dan pemeliharaan kualitas.
ANALISIS PERANCANGAN SISTEM APLIKASI ARSIP BERBASIS WEB DI UDD PMI KOTA MEDAN MENGGUNAKAN UML
Authors: Ramadhan Gema , Akbar Muhammad Zidan , Nasution Yusuf Ramadhan
Published: February 2024

. Proses pengarsipan surat di Unit Donor Darah (UDD) Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) Kota Medan saat ini masih menggunakan metode manual, mulai dari pembuatan hingga penyimpanan surat. Dokumentasi surat masuk dan keluar dilakukan secara manual dalam jumlah besar, tidak terintegrasi dengan Database Perusahaan, dan penyimpanan masih mengandalkan bentuk fisik (hardcopy).Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dipilih metode perancangan Unified Modeling Language (UML) sebagai landasan pengembangan aplikasi. Metode UML memungkinkan identifikasi tahap-tahap pengembangan melalui representasi diagram. Sistem yang akan dibangun berbasis web menggunakan PHP, Javascript, dan CSS, dengan nantinya menggunakan framework CodeIgniter. Hasil yang diharapkan mencakup optimalisasi pengelolaan Arsip Inaktif dan Pembuatan Surat, termasuk pembuatan, pengurusan, pengendalian, pengelolaan, dan pelayanan informasi arsip secara dinamis dan sistematis. Dengan implementasi sistem ini, diharapkan pencarian arsip menjadi lebih cepat dan akurat.
A data-driven framework for assessing climatic impact-drivers in the context of food security
Authors: Benso Marcos Roberto , Silva Roberto Fray , Chiquito Gabriela Gesualdo , Saraiva Antonio Mauro , Delbem Alexandre Cláudio Botazzo , Marques Patricia Angélica Alves , Mendiondo Eduardo Mario
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Understanding how physical climate-related hazards affect food production requires transforming climate data into relevant information for regional risk assessment. Data-driven methods can bridge this gap; however, more development must be done to create interpretable models, emphasizing regions lacking data availability. The main objective of this article was to evaluate the impact of climate risks on food security. We adopted the climatic impact-driver (CID) approach proposed by Working Group I (WGI) in the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In this work, we used the CID framework to select the most relevant indices that drive crop yield losses and identify important thresholds for the indices. When these thresholds are exceeded, the impact probability increases. We then examine the impact of two CID types (heat and cold, and wet and dry) represented by indices of climate extremes considering the impact on different crop yield datasets, focusing on maize and soybeans in the central agro-producing municipalities in Brazil. We used the random forest model in a bootstrapping experiment to select the most relevant climate indices. Then, we applied the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) with the XGBoost model explanatory analysis to identify the indices thresholds that caused impacts. We found that the mean precipitation is a highly relevant CID. However, there is a window in which crops are more vulnerable to precipitation deficit. For soybeans, in many regions of Brazil, precipitation below 80 mm/month in December, January, and February represents an increasing risk of crop yield losses. This is the end of the growing season for those regions. In the case of maize, there is a similar pattern with precipitation below 100 mm/month in April and May. Indices of extremes are relevant to represent crop yield variability. Nevertheless, including climate means remains highly relevant and recommended for studying the impact of climate risk on agriculture. Our findings contribute to a growing body of knowledge critical for informed decision-making, policy development, and adaptive strategies in response to climate change and its impact on agriculture.
Using automated transparent chambers to quantify CO2 emissions and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems in drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands
Authors: Aben Ralf C. H. , van de Craats Daniel , Boonman Jim , Peeters Stijn H. , Vriend Bart , Boonman Coline C. F. , van der Velde Ype , Erkens Gilles , van den Berg Merit
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Worldwide, drainage of peatlands has turned these systems from CO2 sinks into sources. In the Netherlands, where ~7 % of the land surface consists of peatlands, drained peat soils contribute >90 % and ~3 % to the country’s soil-derived and total CO2 emission, respectively. Hence, the Dutch Climate Agreement set targets to cut these emissions. One potential mitigation measure is the application of subsurface water infiltration systems (WIS) consisting of subsurface pipes connected to ditch water. WIS aims to raise the water table depth (WTD) in dry periods to limit peat oxidation while maintaining current land-use practices. Here, we used automated transparent chambers in 12 peat pasture plots across the Netherlands to measure CO2 fluxes at high frequency and assess 1) the relationship between WTD and CO2 emissions for Dutch peatlands and 2) the effectiveness of WIS to mitigate emissions. Net ecosystem carbon balances (NECB) (up to four years per site, 2020–2023) averaged 3.60 and 2.69 t CO2-C ha-1 yr-1 for control and WIS sites, respectively. The magnitude of NECBs and slope of the WTD-NECB relationship fall within the range of observations of earlier studies in Europe, though they were notably lower than those based on campaign-wise, closed chamber measurements. The relationship between annual exposed carbon (defined as total amount of carbon within the soil above the average annual WTD) and NECB explained more variance than the WTD-NECB relationship. We found strong evidence for a reducing effect of WIS on CO2 emissions and no evidence for an effect of WIS on the WTD-NECB and annual exposed carbon-NECB relationships, meaning that relationships between either WTD or exposed carbon and NECB can be used to estimate the emission reduction for a given WIS-induced increase in WTD or exposed carbon. High year-to-year variation in NECBs calls for multi-year measurements and sufficient representative measurement years per site as demonstrated in this study with 35 site-years observations.
Aerosols in the central Arctic cryosphere: Satellite and model integrated insights during Arctic spring and summer
Authors: Swain Basudev , Vountas Marco , Singh Aishwarya , Anchan Nidhi L. , Deroubaix Adrien , Lelli Luca , Ziegler Yanick , Gunthe Sachin S. , Bösch Hartmut , Burrows John P.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The central Arctic cryosphere is influenced by the Arctic Amplification (AA) and is warming faster than the lower latitudes. AA affects the formation, loss and transport of aerosols. Efforts to assess the underlying processes determining aerosol variability are currently limited due to the lack of ground-based and space-borne aerosol observations with high spatial coverage in this region. This study addresses the observational gap by making use of total aerosol optical depth (AOD) data sets retrieved by the AEROSNOW algorithm over the vast cryospheric region of the central Arctic during the Arctic spring and summer. GEOS-Chem (GC) simulations combined with AEROSNOW retrieved data are used to investigate the processes controlling aerosol loading and distribution at different temporal and spatial scales. For the first time, an integrated study of AOD over the Arctic cryosphere during sunlight conditions was possible with the AEROSNOW retrieval and GC simulations. The results show that the spatial patterns observed by AEROSNOW differ from those simulated by GC. During spring, which is characterised by long-range transport of anthropogenic aerosols in the Arctic, the GC underestimates the AOD in the vicinity of Alaska. At the same time, it overestimates the AOD along the Bering Strait, Northern Europe, and the Siberian central Arctic sea ice regions, with differences of -12.3 % and 21.7 %, respectively. In contrast, the GC consistently underestimates AOD compared to AEROSNOW in summer, when transport from lower latitudes is insignificant and local natural processes are the dominant source of aerosol, especially north of 70° N. This underestimation is particularly pronounced over the central Arctic sea ice region, where it is -10.6 %. Conversely, the GC tends to overestimate AOD along the Siberian and Greenland marginal sea ice zones by 19.5 %, but underestimates AOD along the Canadian Archipelago by -9.3 %. The differences in summer AOD between AEROSNOW data products and GC simulated AOD highlight the need to integrate improved knowledge of the summer aerosol process into existing models to constrain its effects on cloud condensation nuclei, ice nucleating particles, and any effects on the radiation budget over central Arctic sea ice during the developing AA period.
Intercomparison of GEOS-Chem and CAM-chem tropospheric oxidant chemistry within the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2)
Authors: Lin Haipeng , Emmons Louisa K. , Lundgren Elizabeth W. , Yang Laura Hyesung , Feng Xu , Dang Ruijun , Zhai Shixian , Tang Yunxiao , Kelp Makoto M. , Colombi Nadia K. , Eastham Sebastian D. , Fritz Thibaud M. , Jacob Daniel J.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant and greenhouse gas. It is also the primary precursor of OH, the main tropospheric oxidant. Global atmospheric chemistry models show large differences in their simulations of tropospheric ozone budgets. Here we implement the widely used GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry module as an alternative to CAM-chem within the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). We compare the resulting simulations of tropospheric ozone and related species to observations from ozonesondes, the ATom-1 aircraft campaign over the Pacific and Atlantic, and the KORUS-AQ aircraft campaign over the Seoul Metropolitan Area. We find that GEOS-Chem and CAM-chem within CESM2 have similar tropospheric ozone budgets and concentrations usually within 5 ppb but important differences in the underlying processes including (1) photolysis scheme (no aerosol effects in CAM-chem), (2) aerosol nitrate photolysis, (3) N2O5 cloud uptake, (4) tropospheric halogen chemistry, and (5) ozone deposition to the oceans. Global tropospheric OH concentrations are the same in both models but there are large regional differences reflecting the above processes. Carbon monoxide is lower in CAM-chem (and lower than observations) because of higher OH concentrations in the northern hemisphere and insufficient production from isoprene oxidation in the southern hemisphere. CESM2 does not scavenge water-soluble gases in convective updrafts leading to some upper tropospheric biases. Comparison to KORUS-AQ observations shows successful simulation of oxidants under polluted conditions in both models but suggests insufficient boundary layer mixing in CESM2. The implementation and evaluation of GEOS-Chem in CESM2 contributes to the MUSICA vision of modularizing tropospheric chemistry in Earth system models.
Short communication: Cosmogenic noble gas depletion in soils by wildfire heating
Authors: Balco Greg , Hidy Alan J. , Struble William T. , Roering Joshua J.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Measurements of cosmic-ray-produced beryllium-10, neon-21, and helium-3 in quartz in a soil profile from a forested landscape in the Oregon Coast Range show that the cosmogenic noble gases 21Ne and 3He are depleted relative to 10Be in the shallow subsurface. The noble gases are mobile in mineral grains via thermally activated diffusion and 10Be is not, implying that noble gas depletion is the result of surface heating by wildfires and subsequent mixing of partially degassed quartz downward into the soil. Cosmogenic noble gas depletion by wildfire heating of soils is a potential means of estimating wildfire intensity and/or frequency over pre-observational timescales.
Quantifying wildfire drivers and predictability in boreal peatlands using a two-step error-correcting machine learning framework in TeFire v1.0
Authors: Tang Rongyun , Jin Mingzhou , Mao Jiafu , Ricciuto Daniel M. , Chen Anping , Zhang Yulong
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Wildfires are becoming an increasing challenge to the sustainability of boreal peatland (BP) ecosystems and can alter the stability of boreal carbon storage. However, predicting the occurrence of rare and extreme BP fires proves to be challenging, and gaining a quantitative understanding of the factors, both natural and anthropogenic, inducing BP fires remains elusive. Here, we quantified the predictability of BP fires and their primary controlling factors from 1997 to 2015 using a two-step correcting machine learning (ML) framework that combines multiple ML classifiers, regression models, and an error-correcting technique. We found that (1) the adopted oversampling algorithm effectively addressed the unbalanced data and improved the recall rate by 26.88 %–48.62 % when using multiple datasets, and the error-correcting technique tackled the overestimation of fire sizes during fire seasons; (2) nonparametric models outperformed parametric models in predicting fire occurrences, and the random forest machine learning model performed the best, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging from 0.83 to 0.93 across multiple fire datasets; and (3) four sets of factor-control simulations consistently indicated the dominant role of temperature, air dryness, and climate extreme (i.e., frost) for boreal peatland fires, overriding the effects of precipitation, wind speed, and human activities. Our findings demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of ML techniques in predicting rare and extreme fire events and disentangle the primary factors determining BP fires, which are critical for predicting future fire risks under climate change.
Linking satellites to genes with machine learning to estimate phytoplankton community structure from space
Authors: El Hourany Roy , Pierella Karlusich Juan , Zinger Lucie , Loisel Hubert , Levy Marina , Bowler Chris
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Ocean color remote sensing has been used for more than 2 decades to estimate primary productivity. Approaches have also been developed to disentangle phytoplankton community structure based on spectral data from space, in particular when combined with in situ measurements of photosynthetic pigments. Here, we propose a new ocean color algorithm to derive the relative cell abundance of seven phytoplankton groups, as well as their contribution to total chlorophyll a (Chl a) at the global scale. Our algorithm is based on machine learning and has been trained using remotely sensed parameters (reflectance, backscattering, and attenuation coefficients at different wavelengths, plus temperature and Chl a) combined with an omics-based biomarker developed using Tara Oceans data representing a single-copy gene encoding a component of the photosynthetic machinery that is present across all phytoplankton, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It differs from previous methods which rely on diagnostic pigments to derive phytoplankton groups. Our methodology provides robust estimates of the phytoplankton community structure in terms of relative cell abundance and contribution to total Chl a concentration. The newly generated datasets yield complementary information about different aspects of phytoplankton that are valuable for assessing the contributions of different phytoplankton groups to primary productivity and inferring community assembly processes. This makes remote sensing observations excellent tools to collect essential biodiversity variables (EBVs) and provide a foundation for developing marine biodiversity forecasts.
Numerical investigation of interaction between anticyclonic eddy and semidiurnal internal tide in the northeastern South China Sea
Authors: Fan Liming , Sun Hui , Yang Qingxuan , Li Jianing
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We investigate the interaction between an anticyclonic eddy (AE) and semidiurnal internal tide (SIT) on the continental slope of the northeastern South China Sea (SCS), using a high spatiotemporal resolution numerical model. Two key findings are as follows: first, the AE promotes energy conversion from low-mode to higher-mode SIT. Additionally, production terms indicate that energy is also transferred from the SIT field to the eddy field at an average rate of 3.0 mW m−2 (accounting for 7 % of the incoming energy flux of SIT when integrated over the eddy diameter). Second, the AE can modify the spatial distribution of tidal-induced dissipation by refracting, scattering, and reflecting low-mode SIT. The phase and group velocities of the SIT are significantly influenced by the eddy field, resulting in a northward or southward shift in the internal tidal rays. These findings deepen our understanding of the complex interactions between AE and SIT, as well as their impacts on energy conversion, wave propagation, and coastal processes.
التخييل في أدب الرحلة
Authors: ALI AMIN
Published: February 2024

The literature of travel, or travel literature, has roots that extend back to ancient times. In fact, one could argue that travel and exploration are fundamental to the human experience, starting with the first journey undertaken by humanity—the journey from non-existence to existence. From there, the human journey began, and with the journey of our father Adam (AS) from heaven to earth, the human journey started from the very beginning of human existence. Over time, humans started documenting their memories and experiences during their journeys. As new worlds were unveiled, a new perspective emerged in writing about those travels. These journeys revealed diverse lands, peoples, and nations, shedding light on their daily lives, history, traditions, culture, language, clothing, and cuisine. Travel literature serves as a window into the world, offering readers a glimpse into the experiences and perspectives of travelers. It allows us to explore different landscapes, encounter foreign cultures, and gain a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of our global community. Through travel literature, we can embark on journeys vicariously, expanding our horizons and fostering empathy and appreciation for the richness and diversity of human existence.

 

Keywords : Travel literature, philosophy of fiction or Imagination ,fictions trends.
The neoliberal syndemic: critical narratives and struggles from southern Europe
Authors: Espinoza Pino Mario , Meloni González Carolina
Published: February 2024

The social impact of the outbreak and spread of the COVID–19 pandemic has shown that we’re not facing a mere infectious disease, but a neoliberal syndemic. This syndemic have stressed all the inequalities, oppressions and conflicts that were at the base of the neoliberal system of governance, contradictions that have reached a global dimension since the Great Recession (2008). In this article we will analyze the consequences of the neoliberal virus in different spheres (macro and micro) from a critical and materialistic perspective: from the management of the crisis by the States to the subjective transformations the syndemic has provoked in the population. Focusing in the Spanish case, we will go over the main reactions, narratives and struggles that have faced the Covid crisis into what we understand as a new and more authoritarian phase of neoliberal capitalism. A phase that will need a radical articulation of social struggles to subvert a horizon that threatens with new oppressions.
Exploring Social Media Usage and Self-Image Congruity as Predictors of Online Conspicuous Consumption
Authors: Yunus Asma , Bajwa Ruqia Safdar , Mushtaq Shahzad Khaver , Hussain Malik Mureed
Published: February 2024

In the digital era, social media platforms play a vital role in shaping the self-image and consumption behaviors of individuals, making it essential to investigate the relationships between these variables. This study seeks to determine how Social Media Usage (SMU) and Self-Image Congruity (SIC) influence Online Conspicuous Consumption (OCC) among young adults. Using a cross-sectional survey methodology, a purposive sample of 262 individuals was recruited. The questionnaire contained four sections: Demographic information, SMU, SIC, and OCC questionnaires. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Findings revealed a significant impact of social media usage and self-image congruity on online conspicuous consumption. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the psychological and behavioral effects of social media and have significant implications for a wide range of stakeholders, such as individuals, marketers, legislators, and academics. Despite its limitations, this study provides the groundwork for future research into the complex interaction between SMU, SIC, and OCC in diverse cultural and geographic contexts. The findings can be used to inform marketing strategies, policy formulation, and ethical use of social media in the digital age, thereby enhancing individual and societal well-being.