bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes differing in leaf type using SNP markers
Authors: Tran Chi Thanh , Beissinger Timothy M.. , Becker Heiko C. , Horneburg Bernd
Published: July 2022

A collection of 46 pea (Pisum sativum L.) accessions, mostly from Europe, of the two leaf types semi-leafless and normal-leafed, were analysed for genetic diversity using the GenoPea 13.2K SNP Array chip. Principal components analysis separated the peas into two groups characterized by the two different leaf types, although some genotypes were exceptions and appeared in the opposite group. Cluster analysis confirmed the two groups. A dendrogram illustrated larger genetic distances between genotypes in the normal-leafed group compared to semi-leafless genotypes.The coincidence between the results of PCA and clustering by genetic distance confirms that leaf type plays a role in the diversity of peas.
Probing the Inflaton Potential with SKA
Authors: Modak Tanmoy , Plehn Tilman , Röver Lennart , Schäfer Björn Malte
Published: July 2022

SKA will be a major step forward not only in
astrophysics, but also in precision cosmology. We show how
the neutral hydrogen intensity map can be combined with the
Planck measurements of the CMB power spectrum, to provide a
precision test of the inflaton potential. For a
conservative range of redshifts we find that SKA can
significantly improve current constraints on the Hubble
slow-roll parameters.
Formação do profissional de serviço social: Desafios e possibilidades
Authors: De Albuquerque Larissa Cavalcanti , Mesquita de Araújo Edineide Jezine
Published: July 2022

O construto teórico tem como finalidade analisar o processo de formação continuada dos assistentes sociais que exercem sua atividade laborativa em escolas na política de educação no município de João Pessoa-PB. O debate destaca a relevância da formação do profissional, entendendo-a como ferramenta no aprimoramento da profissão do assistente social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, empreendida a partir de dados coletados em fontes documentais, como o plano de cargos e carreira dos profissionais do magistério; bibliográficas e através de entrevista com roteiro estruturado e observação, sendo o seu tratamento feito à luz da análise de conteúdo e de conjuntura. As categorias teóricas trabalhadas são: assistente social escolar e formação permanente; tendo como principais resultados: a formação sem aprofundamento apresentada pela prefeitura e a procura de cursos por conta própria dos profissionais.
As Tecnologias Educacionais na Formação Docente
Authors: Lauria Noronha Evelyn , Cavalcante Lacerda Junior José
Published: July 2022

A vivência da pandemia da Covid-19 incita ações emergenciais e estruturais no contexto da educação. A inserção das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) no espaço educativo instaura mais uma ferramenta para a mediação do processo de ensino, modifica a arquitetura da aprendizagem e reconfigura, assim, modos de construir o fazer educativo. Dessa forma, o texto em cena se constitui como uma percepção dos estudantes em torno das tecnologias educacionais em sua formação. Como estratégia investigativa foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado, o qual foi aplicado de forma on-line por intermédio do Google forms e uma roda de conversa. Participaram 24 estudantes de um curso de Licenciatura em Computação de uma universidade pública na cidade de Manaus. Os resultados emergiram a partir da análise de conteúdo, que como uma técnica de análise qualitativa, destacou duas categorias: i) as tecnologias educacionais no processo educacional e ii) a incidência das tecnologias da educação em seu processo formativo. Ressalta-se, por fim, que os desafios dessa conjuntura reverberam a necessidade de reforçar que a formação docente é contínua e, em relação às inovações tecnológicas, exige uma constância diante das inúmeras modificações que forjam esse campo.
Electrolytic treatment of crystal violet by TiO2–Fe–C electrodes
Authors: Wang Ben , Sun Yan , Du Lei
Published: July 2022

Journal of Water and Climate Change issues a formal withdrawal in relation to the above article by Ben Wang, Yan Sun and Lei Du. This decision has been taken as the authors failed to complete the necessary corrections to their paper, and production could not be completed. As a result of this the paper has been withdrawn.
Distribution feature of heavy metals in the system of sediment-submerged plant-water in Xuanwu Lake
Authors: Liu Yu , OU Chun , Zhang Nan , Wang Xiaoli
Published: July 2022

In view of the distribution of heavy metal pollutants in Xuanwu Lake after the comprehensive dredging, contents of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in 4 dominant submerged plants and their corresponding sediments in the lake and in surface water were determined, so as to reveal the pollution and distribution of the heavy metals in the system of sediments-submerged plants-water in Xuanwu Lake. Results showed that the average mass concentration of Cr and Ni in the surface water of Xuanwu Lake exceeded the national standard Grade II of the quality of surface water which were 1.79 and 1.56 times, respectively; The content of Cd and Pd in sediments was respectively 3.31 and 1.17 times of the background value of Nanjing soil, and the North Lake, the contents of Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pd in surface water and Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pd in sediments were higher than other lake areas. The average value Igeo of each element was ranked by size as Cd > Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > Mn > Ni, except that Cd was slight pollution (Igeo value is 0.20–0.47), the other heavy metal elements were at a clean level. In the four submerged plants, Mn was significantly positively correlated with Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd (p < 0.01). Ni was significantly positively correlated with Cu, Zn and Cd. Cr in the submerged plants was significantly positively correlated with Cr and Ni in the surface water; The contents of Cd and Pd were significantly positively correlated with Pd and Cu in the surface water (p < 0.05).
Implementing the Right to Information as a Key Element of Freedom of Expression in the BRICS Countries
Authors: Ivanova K. , Myltykbaev M.
Published: July 2022

The category of rights and freedoms, including the right to access information and the right to self-expression, is not immutable. Rights and freedoms are a byproduct of the historical development of society and represent a socio-cultural phenomenon that reflects the historical identity of peoples and countries throughout the world. As a result, each legal system has its own legal concept of rights and freedoms, without which the crisis-free development of a particular state is impossible. This is because the degree to which citizens’ rights to self-expression and information are realized has a direct impact on the overall quality of a democratic system. This article analyzes the sectoral normative legal acts of the BRICS countries that regulate the right to information. Based on the data obtained, a comparison was made between restrictions and prohibitions regarding the exercise of the right to information. Furthermore, the article describes and analyzes the main approaches to assessing and determining the index of democracy in the world. Based on the comparison of the democracy index, the global ranking of the right to information and the global ranking of the civilian population, a formula for calculating democracy was derived. The degree of democracy in the BRICS countries was then calculated using the formula obtained, and a regional ranking of democracy within the BRICS countries was compiled. The authors believe that providing citizens with the opportunity to fully exercise their right to information, which would be impossible without the balanced participation of the state, results in the creation of an objective information environment, which in turn provides citizens with the opportunity to justly exercise their right to self-expression. In this regard, it is self-evident that democracy is closely connected with the full realization of the right to information. Today it plays akey role in citizens’ exercise of their right to self-expression.
Biomimetic Strategies to Develop Bioactive Scaffolds for Myocardial Tissue Engineering
Authors: Rosellini Elisabetta , Cascone Maria Grazia
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the results of the research activity carried out in our laboratories, over the last 10 years, in relation to the development of strategies for the production of biomimetic and bioactive scaffolds for myocardial tissue engineering. Biomimetic and bioactive polymeric scaffolds for cardiac regeneration were designed and manufactured in our laboratories and their morphological, physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties were investigated by different techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, infrared chemical imaging, swelling test, in vitro degradation assessment, dynamic mechanical analysis, in vitro and in vivo biological tests. Biomimetic scaffolds, able to favor tissue regeneration by mimicking nature, were engineered by different strategies, comprising: (i) the imitation of the composition and interactions among components of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), by mixing of proteins and polysaccharides; (ii) the material surface modification, using both traditional and innovative techniques, such as molecular imprinting; (iii) the incorporation and release of specific active agents and (iv) the production of scaffolds with a microarchitecture similar to that of native ECM. All the developed strategies were found to be effective in creating materials able to influence cellular behavior and therefore to favor the process of new tissue formation. In particular, the approach based on the combination of different strategies aimed at creating a system capable of communicating with the cells and promoting specific cellular responses, as the ECM does, has appeared particularly promising, in view to favor the formation of a tissue equivalent to the cardiac one.
Busan Dongnae in the early 17th century described in Yun Hwon(尹暄)’s
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Lee Sangbong
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the appearance of Dongnae in Busan in the early 17th century through the 17 works of  left by Dongnae Magistrate Yun Hwon(1573~1627).
In , Jeongpo described the simple customs and scenery of the Dongnae region of Busan and the appearance of Sinseonhyang(神仙鄕-Taoist village) represented by Choi Chi-won. He also mentioned Honggan(?~1304) and Ju-lyeong(周令), the leading bureaucrats in this region. He also described the famous pavilions(亭子) and hot springs at the time.
About 20 years later, Jeong Chu(鄭樞) paid more attention to the appearance of Sinseonhyang(神仙鄕) rather than the general landscape of Dongnae, and was ashamed of himself for not reaching the ancient sages.
Unlike the previous two works, Yun Hwon(尹暄) created 17 works of 7words poems according to each sub-title. Although he chose the same sanctions as his previous works such as Haeundae and Sohajeong, he also discovered new sanctions such as Jang San-guk(萇山國), Ok Jong-son(玉從孫), the filial son and the tombstone of Jeong Mun-do(鄭文道).
Other than that, after he built the annex(別館), he wrote a poem using it as a material, and he built Songgongsa(宋公祠) to commemorate Song Sang-hyeon(宋象賢) and write a poem about him.
Comparing Yun Hwon(尹暄)'s works with the previous two works, I was able to note three things. The first is the heart of remembrance of the war dead and the hostility toward Japan shown in  and . The second is an emphasis on filial piety, and the third is a social atmosphere that pursues achieve fame and prestige.
Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 left the scars of war even in Dongnae, the hometown of Sinseon(神仙) and we can see that the intention of the Joseon Dynasty, which wanted the people to become loyal servants, filial daughters, and filial sons, penetrated into the remote Dongrae area in the era of Yun Hwon(尹暄).
Unfortunately, I could not find any works depicting the overall appearance of Dongnae in the 15th and 16th centuries. However, fragmentary works remain even in that period, so if you collect and examine such works by period, you can reconstruct the appearance of Dongrae in the 18th and 19th centuries as well as in the 15th and 16th centuries.
If this study continues, it is expected that it will be possible to view the changes in Busan Dongnae described in Korean poetry written in Chinese characters since the 14th century in a diachronic manner.
A study on the poets of borrowed rhymeof Muksudang Choi Yuhae's Dongsarok
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Lee Jun Hyeok
Published: July 2022

This article is to classify the poets of borrowed rhyme contained in the ‘Dongsarok’ of Muksudang Choi Yuhae(1588~1641) in ‘Dongsarok’, and classify them according to make respense’s scale. Through research, the purpose of this study is to analyze the intertextual nature of the poets of borrowed rhyme revealed in one poem of Sahaengnok- the record of travel as a diplomat- and to identify the poetic function of the language based on this. However, since this study is the first study on Muksudang's ‘Dongsarok’, we first looked at the translation and composition of ‘Dongsarok’, which is the basic data, the background of compilation, and record of travel as a diplomat.
In order to examine the intertextual aspect of Muksudang’s the poets of borrowed rhyme, it is easy to divide it into a chant between two people and a chant between many people, depending on the size of the chant of the poets of borrowed rhyme. This is because the intertextual character and the poetic function of language vary according to the size of the creation.
There was a characteristic that the new theme of the poets of borrowed rhyme was emphasized while accepting the theme and expression of the original rhyme poet in the chant between the two characters. In the chant with the writers of Joseon, it was revealed that he inspired his comrades on the poet of original rhyme or secured the identity with the former magistrate. There were concerns about the characteristics and speculative work and a request for help to solve it. In such the poets of borrowed rhyme, the constructive function of language was dominant.
Unlike the dialogue between two peoples, the dialogue between the multiple had the characteristic of actively accepting the themes and expressions of the original rhyme poet and suppressing new themes of the poetry of borrowed rhyme. This is related to the background in which multi-party chants are created, because multi-party making responses tends to be the subject of contemporary events. This is closer to a public exchange than a private one, like a dialogue between the two, and for this reason, the author's individual voice cannot be strongly expressed on major current affairs. The referential function of the language was dominant in such the poetry of borrowed rhyme.
A Study of Review on Gyeomjae Jotaeeok's Literary Theory
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Yoon JaeHwan
Published: July 2022

Gyeumjae Jotaeeok is one of the representative literary figures of Soron Faction in the late Joseon Dynasty and enjoyed excellent literary reputation in that era. Despite such reputation, however, there has not been a comprehensive study on the entire literary world of Jotaeeok, and his literary theory has not been discussed at all. This situation is thought to be due to the limitations of the data that he did not leave a writing his literary theory.
However, if you look at the articles that evaluated Jotaeeok's literature or the articles that Jotaeeok evaluated other writers and works, you can get a glimpse of his literary theory. The evaluation of Jotaeeok's literature is that his work is based on writer's feelings and contents of writings rather than rhetoric or technical skill, and poetry and prose are natural, both expression and composition are appropriate, and in the creation of poetry, the design and utilization of poetical imagination and poetic word are natural, and proficient. He denied poetry full of technique by pursuing newness. This assessment is similar to the assessment that Jotaeeok made for other writers and works. In his evaluation of literary works and writer, Jotaeeok emphasized the authenticity of the author's emotion revealed in poetry and prose, so he focused on the contents of poetry and prose and the author's emotion contained in poetry and prose rather than formal and rhetorical aspects, and emphasized the learning and training for the creation of poetry and prose, and when the accumulated inside of the author was naturally revealed, the poetry and prose was considered to be excellent. He therefore considered that he did not have to try to use a lot of power, a strange or a poetic word full of technique.
However, if Jotaeeok's literary theory is summarized like this, his literary theory does not deviate much from the universal literary theory of the period. If so, Jotaeeok's literary theory is not Jotaeeok's literary theory but rather a universal literary theory of the times. And Jotaeeok accepts such universal literary theory as much as possible and creates and criticizes the work. However, his literary theory is in the same position as the universal literary awareness of the period. But his literary theory and work's literary value are not lost just because he created and evaluated his works according to such literary theory. It is because it has the same perception as the universal perception of an era and it is not a legitimate evaluation to lower the person's perception and the value of the work he created because he created the work that most meets the perception.
Reorientasi pendidikan multikultural dalam konteks keIndonesiaan
Authors: Herlambang Yusuf Tri , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti
Published: July 2022

Dalam perspektif sosio-empiris, Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki keragaman budaya sebagai substansi dari kekayaan bangsa. Secara esensial, keragaman budaya tersebut merupakan suatu keniscayaan yang telah melahirkan orientasi hidup manusia Indonesia ke arah eksistensi yang berbeda dalam ruang kehidupan multidimensi berdasarkan pada nilai-nilai partikular budaya yang melekat dalam dirinya (identitas monokultural). Perbedaan tersebut telah menimbulkan adanya potensi ketegangan-ketegangan sosial yang bersifat problematis dalam bentuk fanatisme berdimensi ras, suku, etnis, agama dan bahkan sistem pemikiran, baik dalam kehidupan, sosial, politik, budaya, agama, ekonomi dan berbagai aspek kehidupan lainnya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, gagasan tentang pendidikan multikulturalisme merupakan sebuah pendekatan kritis dan jawaban atas perbedaan dan sebagai sebuah paradigma pendidikan yang mampu mengakomodasi atas perbedaan dan keragaman dalam ruang yang harmonis, toleran dan selaras sebagai pilar kedamaian, kebahagiaan dan keharmonisan kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia.AbstractFrom a socio-empirical perspective, Indonesia is a country that has cultural diversity as a substance of national wealth. Essentially, this cultural diversity is a necessity that has given birth to the orientation of Indonesian human life towards a different existence in a multidimensional space of life-based on the particular cultural values inherent in itself (monocultural identity). These differences have led to the potential for problematic social tensions in the form of fanaticism with racial, ethnic, ethnic, religious, and even thought systems, both in life, social, political, cultural, religious, economic, and various other aspects of life. Based on this, the idea of multicultural education is a critical approach and answers to differences and as an educational paradigm that is able to accommodate differences and diversity in a harmonious, tolerant and harmonious space as a pillar of peace, happiness, and harmony in the lives of Indonesian people.
Penguatan nilai-nilai lokal masyarakat Minangkabau dalam pencegahan kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak
Authors: Zurwanty Recy Harviani , Fatmariza Fatmariza , Dewi Susi Fitria
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi budaya lokal masyarakat Minangkabau dalam aktivitas budaya yang dapat dikembangkan untuk mendukung pencegahan kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, di Nagari Pasie Laweh Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, FGD dan wawancara. Informan penelitian terdiri dari tokoh adat, tokoh agama, pemerintah nagari, pakar, tokoh masyarakat dan masyarakat umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cukup banyak budaya lokal yang hidup di masyarakat yang potensial untuk dikembangkan, diperkuat dan diresosialisasi sebagai dasar pencegahan kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak. Budaya lokal tersebut dilihat dari dua dimensi yakni dimensi perkawinan dan dimensi garis keturunan. Pada dimensi perkawinan, terdapat uang jemputan yang menjamin perlindungan perempuan oleh kerabat suami (laki-laki), dan pada dimensi garis keturunan terdapat hubungan kekerabatan mamak-kamanakan yang sejauh ini masih potensial untuk menjamin perlindungan terhadap perempuan dan anak di dalam keluarga. Selain itu tradisi barantam yang melibatkan hubungan kekerabatan dan garis keturunan juga menjadi salah satu modalitas sosial dalam perlindungan sosial ekonomi perempuan dan anak. Penguatan nilai-nilai ini dapat dilakukan dengan memerankan kembali tokoh-tokoh adat seperti ninik mamak, alim ulama, bundo kanduang, urang ampek jinih (empat jenis kepemimpinan dalam adat). Dengan demikian penguatan terhadap nilai-nilai tersebut, akan dapat meminimalisir permasalahan kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak di dalam keluarga.
Efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran audio-visual berbasis e-learning pada pembelajaran akutansi
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Aghni Rizqi Ilyasa , Siregar‬ Merinda Noorma Novida , Purnama Dian Normalitasari
Published: July 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pembelajaran akuntansi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Program Studi Pendidikan Akuntansi FE UNY pada mata kuliah kurikulum dan pembelajaran akuntansi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan jenis Kuasi Esperimen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data deskriptif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas menggunakan chi square, uji homogenitas menggunakan uji-F, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Penggunaan media audio visual dinilai tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa pada pembelajaran akuntansi; (2) Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang berbasis audio visual menunjukkan kenaikan nilai jika dibandingkan antara pre-test dengan post tes. (3) Akses media pembelajaran audio visual yang diakses melalui e-learning  cenderung membutuhkan fasilitas sinyal internet dan kuota internet cukup baik dan besar membuat mahasiswa enggan dalam memaksimalkan keseluruhan media pembelajaran audio – visual yang telah disediakan untuk menunjang kegiatan.AbstractThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of using instructional media in increasing understanding of accounting learning. This research was conducted in the Accounting Education Study Program, FE UNY, in the curriculum and accounting courses of study. This research is experimental research with a quasi-experimental type. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive data analysis with data analysis techniques using the normality test using the chi-square test, homogeneity test using the F-test, and hypothesis testing using the t-test. The results showed (1) the use of audio-visual media was considered ineffective to improve student achievement in accounting learning; (2) The use of audio-visual-based learning media shows an increase in value when compared between pre-test and post-test. (3) Access to audio-visual learning media accessed through e-learning tends to require internet signal facilities and the internet quota is quite good and large, making students reluctant to maximize the overall audio-visual learning media that has been provided to support activities
Peran reading interest dalam peningkatan reading comprehension pada Perguruan Tinggi Vokasi Penerbangan Kementerian Perhubungan
Authors: Pambudiyatno Nyaris , Susila I Wayan , Sutiadiningsih Any
Published: July 2022

Keberhasilan dalam belajar sebagian besar ditunjang oleh minat baca. Dengan adanya minat membaca dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak positif seperti peningkatan pemahaman membaca (reading comprehension). Akan tetapi, pada kenyataannya masyarakat di Indonesia masih memiliki minat membaca yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh reading interest terhadap reading comprehension. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka (library research). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa reading interest yang semakin tinggi, maka reading comprehension juga akan semakin meningkat.The role of reading interest in improving reading comprehension at the ministry of transportation's aviation vocational collegeAbstractSuccess in learning is largely supported by reading interests. The interest in reading can cause a variety of positive impacts such as increased reading comprehension. However, in reality, people in Indonesia still have a low interest in reading. This study aims to analyze the influence of reading interest on reading comprehension. The type of research used is descriptive research. Data collection method using library research. The results show that reading interest is getting higher than reading comprehension will also increase.
Estimating energy savings from a train driving advice system
Authors: Fisher Aiden , Metcalfe Andrew , Pudney Peter
Published: July 2022

TTG Energymiser is an in-cab system that provides real-time driving advice to train drivers with the aim of reducing energy use subject to meeting the train schedule. A survey of the efficacy of Energymiser has been undertaken, to provide evidence for marketing claims. Results from 23 different trials are analysed, where 16 of the trials were on passenger routes and 7 were on freight routes. Each trial consists of many trips, with Energymiser activated for around half, and yields an estimate of the change in energy use when Energymiser is used. A Bayesian hierarchical model is fitted to the 16 estimates from passenger routes and provides an estimate of the mean saving and the standard deviation of individual trials about the mean. The mean saving is 7.2% and the standard deviation of individual trials is estimated as 3.3%. The corresponding mean and standard deviation for freight routes are 8.4% and 5.8%, respectively.

References

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Use of Facial Morphology to Determine Nutritional Status in Older Adults: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Tay Wesley , Quek Rina , Kaur Bhupinder , Lim Joseph , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar
Published: July 2022

Undiagnosed malnutrition is a significant problem in high-income countries, which can reduce the quality of life of many individuals, particularly of older adults. Moreover, it can also inflate the costs of existing health care systems because of the many metabolic complications that it can cause. The current methods for assessing malnutrition can be cumbersome. A trained practitioner must be present to conduct an assessment, or patients must travel to facilities with specialized equipment to obtain their measurements. Therefore, digital health care is a possible way of closing this gap as it is rapidly gaining traction as a scalable means of improving efficiency in the health care system. It allows for the remote monitoring of nutritional status without requiring the physical presence of practitioners or the use of advanced medical equipment. As such, there is an increasing interest in expanding the range of digital applications to facilitate remote monitoring and management of health issues. In this study, we discuss the feasibility of a novel digital remote method for diagnosing malnutrition using facial morphometrics. Many malnutrition screening assessments include subjective assessments of the head and the face. Facial appearance is often used by clinicians as the first point of qualitative indication of health status. Hence, there may be merit in quantifying these subtle but observable changes using facial morphometrics. Modern advancements in artificial intelligence, data science, sensors, and computing technologies allow facial features to be accurately digitized, which could potentially allow these previously intuitive assessments to be quantified. This study aims to stimulate further discussion and discourse on how this emerging technology can be used to provide real-time access to nutritional status. The use of facial morphometrics extends the use of currently available technology and may provide a scalable, easily deployable solution for nutritional status to be monitored in real time. This will enable clinicians and dietitians to keep track of patients remotely and provide the necessary intervention measures as required, as well as providing health care institutions and policy makers with essential information that can be used to inform and enable targeted public health approaches within affected populations.
The Technology Acceptance of Video Consultations for Type 2 Diabetes Care in General Practice: Cross-sectional Survey of Danish General Practitioners
Authors: Torp Daniel Cæsar , Sandbæk Annelli , Prætorius Thim
Published: July 2022

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, video consultations became a common method of delivering care in general practice. To date, research has mostly studied acute or subacute care, thereby leaving a knowledge gap regarding the potential of using video consultations to manage chronic diseases.

Objective

This study aimed to examine general practitioners’ technology acceptance of video consultations for the purpose of managing type 2 diabetes in general practice.

Methods

A web-based survey based on the technology acceptance model measuring 4 dimensions—perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, and behavioral intention to use—was sent to all general practices (N=1678) in Denmark to elicit user perspectives. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results

The survey sample comprised 425 general practitioners who were representative of the population. Structural equation modeling showed that 4 of the 5 hypotheses in the final research model were statistically significant (P<.001). Perceived ease of use had a positive influence on perceived usefulness and attitude. Attitude was positively influenced by perceived usefulness. Attitude had a positive influence on behavioral intention to use, although perceived usefulness did not. Goodness-of-fit indices showed acceptable fits for the structural equation modeling estimation.

Conclusions

Perceived usefulness was the primary driver of general practitioners’ positive attitude toward video consultations for type 2 diabetes care. The study suggests that to improve attitude and technology use, decision-makers should focus on improving usefulness, that is, how it can improve treatment and make it more effective and easier.
Store-and-Forward Images in Teledermatology: Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Jiang Simon W , Flynn Michael Seth , Kwock Jeffery T , Nicholas Matilda W
Published: July 2022

Background

Store-and-forward (SAF) teledermatology uses electronically stored information, including patient photographs and demographic information, for clinical decision-making asynchronous to the patient encounter. The integration of SAF teledermatology into clinical practice has been increasing in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this growth, data regarding the outcomes of SAF teledermatology are limited. A key distinction among current literature involves comparing the quality and utility of images obtained by patients and trained clinicians, as these metrics may vary by the clinical expertise of the photographer.

Objective

This narrative literature review aimed to characterize the outcomes of SAF teledermatology through the lens of patient- versus clinician-initiated photography and highlight important future directions for and challenges of the field.

Methods

A literature search of peer-reviewed research was performed between February and April 2021. Key search terms included patient-initiated, patient-submitted, clinician-initiated, clinician-submitted, store-and-forward, asynchronous, remote, image, photograph, and teledermatology. Only studies published after 2001 in English were included. In total, 47 studies were identified from the PubMed electronic database and Google Scholar after omitting duplicate articles.

Results

Image quality and diagnostic concordance are generally lower and more variable with patient-submitted images, which may impact their decision-making utility. SAF teledermatology can improve the efficiency of and access to care when photographs are taken by either clinicians or patients. The clinical outcomes of clinician-submitted images are comparable to those of in-person visits in the few studies that have investigated these outcomes. Coinciding with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, asynchronous teledermatology helped minimize unnecessary in-person visits in the outpatient setting, as many uncomplicated conditions could be adequately managed remotely via images captured by patients and referring clinicians. For the inpatient setting, SAF teledermatology minimized unnecessary contact during dermatology consultations, although current studies are limited by the heterogeneity of their outcomes.

Conclusions

In general, photographs taken by trained clinicians are higher quality and have better and more relevant diagnostic and clinical outcomes. SAF teledermatology helped clinicians avoid unnecessary physical contact with patients in the outpatient and inpatient settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asynchronous teledermatology will likely play a greater role in the future as SAF images become integrated into synchronous teledermatology workflows. However, the obstacles summarized in this review should be addressed before its widespread implementation into clinical practice.
Prehabilitation Before Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: Protocol for an Implementation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Raso Kristy-Lee , Suen Michael , Turner Jane , Khatri Sonia , Lin Yanlan , Wildbore Carolyn , Becerril-Martinez Guillermo , Le Page Philip , Tan Sim Yee , Egger Sam , Vardy Janette
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Surgery remains the standard curative treatment for early-stage colorectal and upper gastrointestinal cancer. Reduced preoperative functional capacity, nutritional status, and psychological well-being are associated with poor postoperative outcomes. Prehabilitation aims to improve preoperative functional reserves through physical, nutritional, and psychological interventions. Yet, how it transitions from a trial setting to being integrated into a real-world health setting is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim is to evaluate the implementation of a multimodal (supervised exercise, nutrition, and nursing support) prehabilitation program into standard care for patients with gastrointestinal cancer (colorectal and upper gastrointestinal cancer) scheduled for curative intent surgery. The secondary aim is to determine the impact of a multimodal prehabilitation program on functional capacity, nutritional and psychological status, and surgical outcomes.

METHODS

This is an implementation study that will investigate a multimodal prehabilitation intervention, in a nonblinded, nonrandomized, single-group, pre-post design. Patients diagnosed with colorectal and upper gastrointestinal cancer scheduled for potentially curative intent surgery at Concord Repatriation General Hospital, with ≥14 intervention days prior to surgery and are medically cleared to exercise will be eligible. The study will be evaluated using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance Evaluation Framework.

RESULTS

The protocol was approved in December 2019 by the Concord Repatriation General Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number 2019/PID13679). Recruitment commenced in January 2020. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment was paused in March 2020 and reopened in August 2020 with remote or telehealth intervention adaptations. Recruitment ended on December 31, 2021. Over the 16-month recruitment period, a total of 77 participants were recruited.

CONCLUSIONS

Prehabilitation represents an opportunity to maximize functional capacity and improve surgical outcomes. The study will provide guidance and contribute to the evidence on the integration of prehabilitation into standard care using adaptive models of health care delivery including telehealth.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTR 12620000409976; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378974&isReview=true

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/41101
Age and the Course of GFR in Persons Aged 70 and Above
Authors: Schaeffner Elke S. , Ebert Natalie , Kuhlmann Martin K. , Martus Peter , Mielke Nina , Schneider Alice , van der Giet Markus , Huscher Dörte
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives

In older adults, data on the age-related course of GFR are scarce, which might lead to misjudgment of the clinical relevance of reduced GFR in old age.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

To describe the course of eGFR in older adults and derive reference values in population-based individuals, we used the longitudinal design of the Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) with a repeated estimation of GFR over a median of 6.1 years of follow-up. In 2069 community-dwelling older individuals (mean inclusion age 80 years, range 70–99), GFR was estimated biennially with the BIS-2 equation, including standardized creatinine and cystatin C levels, sex, and age. We described the crude and adjusted course using a mixed-effects model and analyzed the influence of death on the GFR course applying joint models. GFR slopes were compared using GFR equations on the basis of creatinine and/or cystatin C.

Results

We observed a decreasing, thus nonlinear, eGFR decline with increasing age in a population of old adults. The estimated 1-year slope for ages 75 and 90 diminished for men from −1.67 to −0.99 and for women from −1.52 to −0.97. The modeled mean eGFR for men aged ≥79 and women ≥78 was below 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Multivariable adjustment attenuated slopes only minimally. Taking death into account by applying joint models did not alter the nonlinear eGFR decline. Using eGFR equations on the basis of creatinine only showed linear slope patterns in contrast to nonlinear patterns for equations including cystatin C.

Conclusions

The eGFR decline depended on sex and age and changed only marginally after multivariable adjustment but decelerated with increasing age. Equations including cystatin C demonstrated a nonlinear slope challenging the previously assumed linearity of the decline of eGFR in old age.
ANALYSIS OF IN VITRO DISINTEGRATION AND DISSOLUTION EFFECT OF CUCURBITA MAXIMA STARCH IN LOSARTAN FDT
Authors: VARGHESE NINA , KOMALA M.
Published: July 2022

Objective: In this work, Curcurbita maxima was used as a superdisintegrant in the preparation of fast dissolving tablets containing Losartan. A Losartan is readily ionized in the presence of an acidic pH, resulting in decreased absorption via the GIT. Superdisintegrant can be used to solve this problem.
Methods: Losartan fast-dissolving tablets were made using the direct compression method and two distinct superdisintegrants, derived starch and Curcurbita maxima mucilage, in various quantities. Eleven formulations with varied concentrations of superdisintegrants were created to determine their efficacy and critical concentration levels. For each formulation, several pre-compression and post-compression assessment parameters were used.
Results: The disintegration time of the FDT (F1-F4) prepared with derived starch ranges from 4.28±1.02 min to 8.20±1.02 min, while the disintegration time of the FDT (F5-F8) prepared with Cucurbita maxima starch ranges from 1.02±0.02 min to 5.02±1.02 min. The remaining three formulations, F9-F11, have a disintegration time of more than 10 min. In comparison to other formulations, FDT containing Curcurbita maxima mucilage demonstrated improved organoleptic qualities, as well as outstanding in vitro disintegration and dissolution drug release.
Conclusion: It was determined that a lower concentration of Cucurbita maxima starch (10 mg) was the optimal concentration level for the Losartan FDT formulation.
5-FLUOROURACIL IMPREGNATED NIOSOMAL-IN SITU GEL (THERMO-SENSITIVE) FOR ORAL CANCER: DESIGN, CHARACTERIZATION, IN VITRO/EX VIVO EVALUATION
Authors: SINGH RAHUL KUMAR , DEORA ANIRUDH SINGH
Published: July 2022

Objective: To formulate and characterize 5-fluorouracil loaded niosomal-in-situ gel for sustained drug delivery to reduce dosing frequency at the same time, follow a local drug delivery for cancer targeting.
Methods: Cholesterol and span-60-based niosomes were prepared after following the modified ether injection method. Best formulation selected after characterization through FTIR, SEM, % Entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, polydispersity index, in vitro release, and vesicle size whereas, based on cold method niosomes encapsulated in-situ gel was formulated and characterized through gelling temperature and time, spreadability and syringe ability, gel strength, adhesive force, and drug release.
Results: Based on various studies, included particle size, PDI, zeta potential value, % Entrapment efficiency and % drug release, F1 formulation was selected as a best formulation, as niosomal particle size of 388.3 nm proved a higher drug permeation through the buccal area, whereas PDI and zeta potential value of 0.304 and+50.5 are proved a uniform niosomal size with optimum charge distribution which helps to attain higher stability of the formulation, on the other hand % Entrapment efficiency of 87.825% proved that niosomes are capable to hold higher drug concentration; lastly 84.567% of drug release within 12 h of time period prove that higher amount of drug release occur by following sustained release pattern. On the other hand Mucoadhesion, gelling strength and in vitro permeation studies prove that niosomes containing in-situ gel has a capacity to adhere over the mucosa with minimum dissolution with saliva up to 12 h and is capable of 95% of drug permeation capacity. Lastly FTIR and SEM images confirmed about niosomal formation with optimum stability.
Conclusion: 5-Fluorouracil encapsulated niosomal in-situ gel will be superior and effective alternative to parenteral dosage forms available in the market for mouth cancer treatment.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SIMVASTATIN-LOADED PHARMACOSOMES TO ENHANCE TRANSDERMAL PERMEATION
Authors: NAVEENTAJ S. , MUZIB Y. INDIRA , RADHA R.
Published: July 2022

Objective: The objective of the selected study was to design and formulate simvastatin-loaded pharmacosomes and then incorporate into a transdermal patch by solvent evaporation technique to enhance the solubility, bioavailability, and half-life of simvastatin.
Methods: Simvastatin comes under the BCS-II class, which has low solubility and high permeability. Simvastain loaded pharmacosomes of six different formulations were prepared by taking simvastatin and soya lecithin in varying ratios and dissolved in a high polarity solvent dichloromethane and then subjected to the solvent evaporation method.
Results: Formulated simvastatin-loaded pharmacosomes (SLP) were subjected to evaluation; out of six formulations, optimized formulation (F3) shown in vitro drug release of 86.88%; particle size of 151.6 nm with zeta potential of-16.5mV, which indicates good stability. SEM studies confirmed their smooth, porous structure with a number of nano-channels. The FT-IR spectra and DSC showed a stable character of simvastatin in a mixture of lipid and solvent shows compatible and revealed the absence of drug polymer interactions. The SLP was loaded into a transdermal patch by solvent evaporation method and evaluated for physical characteristics and results were found to be patch surface pH 6.15±0.08, thickness 0.146±0.0096 mm, weight uniformity 1.12±1.73, % swell-ability 13.50±0.028 for best patch formulation (F3).
Conclusion: This research paper gives an outline on the significance of simvastatin-loaded Pharmacosomes as a transdermal patch for enhancing trans-permeation through the skin and its characterization and results. Through obtained results, it is concluded that pharmacosomes is a promising carrier to enhance the permeation of the selected drug through skin.
NANOPARTICLES OF BROWN SEAWEED (SARGASSUM POLYCYSTUM) EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN RATS FED HIGH-FAT DIET
Authors: ZAIDAN SARAH , ABDILLAH SYAMSUDIN , PRATAMI DIAH KARTIKA , UTAMI SYIFA AULIA
Published: July 2022

Objective: This research aimed to formulate the nanoparticles of brown seaweed (Sargassum polycystum) and determine its antioxidant activity in rats on high-fat diets (HFD) with the parameters of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde (MDA).
Methods: The nanoparticles of brown seaweed extract (NBSE) were formulated with chitosan and tripolyphosphate polymers using the ionic gelation method. The NBSE was evaluated for its particle size and potential zeta. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of four rats each. One group of normal control groups was given a standard diet as a baseline. Rats were induced with a high-fat diet for 35 d. The HFD rats were divided into five equal subgroups of four animals each: an untreated group as a negative control; a group treated with vitamin E as a positive control, and three NBSE treatment groups that had oral administration of 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg BW, respectively, for 14 d. On days 0, 14, 35, and 49, blood samples were taken to determine antioxidant activity against antioxidant parameters such as MDA, SOD, and catalase.
Results: The NBSE has a particle size of 891.2±44.3 d. nm, a polydispersity index of 0.3820.03, and a zeta potential value of 11.7±0.2 mV with a positive charge. The oral administration of NBSE prevented oxidative stress on HFD rats by increasing SOD and catalase, with the highest inhibition percentage SOD parameters were 196.71% and catalase parameters were 218.73%. Formation of MDA was prevented by all doses with the highest inhibition percentage MDA parameters were 57.90%.
Conclusion: The NBSE has antioxidant activity and could prevent oxidative stress in HFD rats.