bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A identidade profissional de educadores de adultos: diversidade e complexidade
Authors: Paulos Catarina Isabel Fonseca , Cavaco Cármen
Published: February 2023

RESUMO Este artigo aborda a identidade profissional de educadores de adultos responsáveis pela implementação do processo de reconhecimento e validação de adquiridos experienciais em Portugal. A investigação filia-se na metodologia qualitativa, e a análise tem como base as narrativas provenientes de entrevistas biográficas realizadas com 30 educadores de adultos. Os dados empíricos revelam que a identidade profissional desses educadores de adultos encontra-se fragmentada. Nesse sentido, chegou-se a quatro categorias de identidades profissionais: os “psicólogos”, os “professores”, os “educadores” e os “nómadas”. As identidades “psicólogos” e “professores” são construídas a partir da formação de base dos educadores de adultos; a “educadores” é estruturada tendo como base o contexto profissional da educação de adultos; e a “nómadas” é o resultado da forma como alguns educadores de adultos incorporam as incertezas do mercado de trabalho com que se habituaram a lidar.
Stress in undergraduate students: knowing the effect of remote activities in the pandemic daily routine
Authors: Freires Leogildo Alves , Fernandes Sheyla Christine Santos , Castro Angélica Maria Ferreira de Melo , Oliveira Leonita Chagas de , Torres Luan Filipy Freire , Santos Eduardo Feitosa
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT The coronavirus pandemic brought an unprecedented disruption to society, with this, the impacts fostered by the crisis also extended to educational institutions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether higher education activities can be considered a stressor in a pandemic context. The sample consisted of 136 students with remote academic activities and 131 with suspended academic activities, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and an open question about the factors that have raised the level of stress in the months of April, May, June and July 2020. The textual corpus was processed with the aid of the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software. As a result, there were several stressors related or not related to academic activities for both groups, although the performance of digital academic activities has been pointed out with great frequency. Thus, digital academic activities are related to the level of stress among students.
Modelo de clasificación del agente evaluador según relaciones de poder: ¿qué evalúa quién evalúa?
Authors: Traverso Cristian Venegas
Published: February 2023

RESUMEN La clasificación tradicional de la evaluación según agentes evaluadores exige una reconfiguración a la luz del estudio de las relaciones de poder en las prácticas y las necesidades pedagógicas de proyectos innovadores. Se propone un nuevo modelo basado en la concepción de que lo que define el tipo de evaluación no es el rol del sujeto (docente, estudiante), sino la posición simbólica del evaluador respecto de lo evaluado, expresada en relaciones de poder y diálogo. El nuevo modelo considera los conceptos habituales categorizados según la naturaleza del evaluador: observador (heteroevaluación) y participante (coevaluación y autoevaluación). El artículo se organiza secuencialmente en problematización, revisión de la teoría evaluativa, análisis del modelo de clasificación tradicional y descripción del modelo propuesto.
Se-Movimentar ginástico: um olhar fenomenológico sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da ginástica
Authors: Carbinatto Michele Viviene , Henrique Nayana Ribeiro , Patricio Tamiris Lima
Published: February 2023

Resumo Por meio de metodologias em que a participação do praticante no processo de ensino e aprendizagem ocupe papel central, há a promoção da autonomia e fortalecimento da motivação para aprender. Para a fenomenologia, o sujeito é o protagonista da ação, uma vez que a intenção da atividade só pode ser vivida como um encontro entre o sujeito e a própria atividade e, por sua vez, entre sua corporeidade e o meio em que está inserido, incorporando-se ao mundo. Nosso recorte esportivo e de análise voltou-se à Ginástica para Todos (GPT). O objetivo deste estudo é salientar hipóteses férteis no campo da metodologia de trabalho no âmbito esportivo. A pesquisa fenomenológica se mostrou ideal aos objetivos do estudo: compreender as experiências do “mundo vivido” na ginástica diante das diferentes metodologias de ensino: centrada no professor e centrada no aluno. A investigação tomou como base de coleta a pesquisa-ação. A análise dos dados foi realizada pela redução fenomenológica. Para tal, definiram-se dois eixos, que se mesclaram, mas que foram apresentados com suas raízes analíticas: a) Se-movimentar gímnico: a incorporação do mundo; e b) Toda vida humana é relação. Pelo olhar fenomenológico, a prática pedagógica só pode ser vivida como um encontro entre o educador e o educando, e dos educandos entre si, entre corporeidades. Nesta intenção pedagógica, há intensa e contínua comunicação, em que transparecem alegrias, desejos, conquistas, descobertas, tristezas, medos e incertezas pelo movimentar-se.
Self-healing soil mix cut-off wall materials incorporating reactive magnesium oxide pellets
Authors: Cao Benyi , Xu Jian , Wang Fei , Al-Tabbaa Abir
Published: February 2023

Recent decades have witnessed the increasing use of soil mixing technology to construct cut-off walls for groundwater control or underground pollutant containment. The strength and permeability of soil mix columns deteriorate considerably when subjected to chemical, mechanical and environmental stresses, leading to the need for repair of crack-originated damage. The development of self-healing grouts could provide more resilient and sustainable soil mix cut-off walls. In this study, for the first time, self-healing soil mix columns incorporating reactive magnesium oxide pellets were developed. The magnesium oxide-based cementitious grout was mixed with a sand soil using a laboratory-scale auger, and the embedded magnesium oxide pellets were ruptured upon cracking, producing expansive healing products due to hydration and carbonation, which can significantly fill the crack volume. The effects of magnesium oxide on the grout and soil mix samples were investigated in terms of both fresh and hardened properties. In addition, the self-healing performance was evaluated by examining permeability recovery and crack closure, and the microstructure and morphology of the magnesium oxide pellets and healing products were analysed. The results demonstrate the great potential of reactive magnesium oxide pellets as a self-healing agent for soil mix cut-off wall materials.
Dinámicas de las violencias contra las mujeres en el departamento de La Guajira
Authors: Fernández-Matos Dhayana-Carolina
Published: February 2023

La finalidad de este trabajo es dar a conocer las opiniones, los imaginarios y las creencias de las funcionarias y funcionarios públicos/os, las lideresas de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, el personal de la cooperación internacional, la comunidad y las mujeres residentes en el departamento de La Guajira sobre las dinámicas de las violencias contra las mujeres basadas en género.
O Träumerin, O Mallarmé ... Papierfächer und das Flügelspiel der Avantgarde
Authors: Ortlieb Cornelia
Published: February 2023

Ein leichtes papierenes Ding mit Flügeln – in sich kreiselnd und im tänzelnden Spiel mit der Luft – fächelt im Paris des späten 19. Jahrhunderts der Moderne zu. «Nichts», schreibt Stéphane Mallarmé 1874 unter dem «Schmuck» eines weiblichen Pseudonyms, komme je einem «Fächer» gleich; vom «idealen Wert» seien diese kleinen Kunstwerke mit «Gemälden aus der Schule Bouchers oder Watteaus» vergleichbar – oder eben gleich mit Illustrationen von Edmond Morin, der das Layout von Mallarmés eigenem Journal La Dernière Mode gestaltete. Der letzte Schrei in der Pariser Mode um 1900 – das war in den Kreisen und Salons der Avantgarde der mit Versen eigenhändig kalligraphisch verfeinerte Papierfächer. Mallarmés eigene Fächergedichte sind auf farbig gemustertem, halbrund geschnittenem Papier geschrieben, das zusammengefaltet in einem filigranen Gestänge aus dünnen Stäbchen auf eine Gelegenheit wartete, entfaltet zu werden. Das bewegliche Gestänge aus feinen Holzstäben erlaubte eine Reihe von zeremoniellen Bewegungen.
Die Kleingedrückten
Authors: Rahden Till van
Published: February 2023

Angesichts zahlreicher sich Gehör verschaffender «Minderheiten» und Veröffentlichungen über sie, überrascht, dass es keine Studie zur Geschichte des Begriffs «Minderheit» gibt.1 Diese noch zu schreibende Geschichte eines sozialen und politischen Grundbegriffs soll hier mit ein paar Randbemerkungen skizziert werden. Beim Nachdenken über das Schlagwort stößt man alsbald auf das Jahr 1919. Als politische Figur ist das polare Begriffspaar («Minderheit»/«Mehrheit») ein Produkt der Zeit nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg, als vier europäischeImperien zusammenbrachen und sich die Ideen der Demokratie und des homogenen Nationalstaats etablierten. Aber der Reihe nach.
Die Alarmanlage
Authors: Savoy Bénédicte
Published: February 2023

Doppeltür aus Glas, große weiße Letter, schwarzer Kontinent. Preußen hat bis 1919 an die 50 000 Objekte aus den deutschen Kolonien in Afrika nach Berlin expedieren lassen und zusätzlich einiges im internationalen Kunsthandel erworben. Seit hundert Jahren wurde kaum etwas davon ausgestellt. Humboldt Forum, 2. Stock, Modul Schaudepot: Regale, auf denen dicht gepackt eine Anzahl ausgewählter Dinge stehen, golden beleuchtet und chronologisch nach Jahren ihres Erwerbs sortiert. Ein Raum weiter: die Kolonie Kamerun, ein Wald von hohen Architekturelementen aus Holz, montiert auf einem niedrigen, schwarzen Sockel, der großzügig den halben Raum einnimmt. Diese an die Spree gestrandete «Kolonie» mutet an wie das verlassene Set eines Sandalenfilms nach dem Dreh einer Kreuzigungsszene: Drei Meter hohe Balken, schlechtes Licht nach Feierabend, ein paar verlorene Menschen, die sich nach vorne gebückt etwas auf dem Sockel anschauen: Achtung, Kleingedrucktes!
Nietzsches Wille zur Macht. Über die Selbsterkenntnis des Philosophen
Authors: Meier Heinrich
Published: February 2023

Nietzsches Wille zur Macht ist von Legenden umgeben und durch Interpretationen überlagert, die den Zugang zu Nietzsches Denken in einem ungewöhnlichen Maße erschweren. Der «Wille zur Macht» hat mit anderen Doktrinen gemeinsam, dass die philosophische Doktrin, wenn sie sich verselbständigt, zu einer Hürde für das Verständnis der ihr zugrundeliegenden Intention wird. Im Falle von Nietzsches «Wille zur Macht» kommt hinzu, dass die lange vorherrschenden und die Rezeption in vielfältiger Weise weiter bestimmenden Interpretationen und Legenden ihren Kristallisationskern in einem vermeintlichen Hauptwerk mit dem Titel Der Wille zur Macht haben, das keineswegs Nietzsches Intention entspricht. Die ein Jahr nach Nietzsches Begräbnis 1901 veröffentlichte und 1906 in einer zweiten Fassung noch einmal um einige hundert Seiten erweiterte Kompilation trug erheblich zu der Vorstellung bei, Nietzsches Philosophie kulminiere in der Lehre vom Willen zur Macht.
Shadow Aspects of the Organization of Soviet Trade in the Assessments of Collective Consciousness in the 1960s-1980s: Interpretation of Letters to the Central Authorities and the Media
Authors:   Vologda State Unversity, Stoletova Anna S. ,   Vologda State Dairy-Farming Academy named after N. V. Vereshchagin
Published: February 2023

The article raises the question of the specifics of the socioeconomic development of the Soviet society in the 1960s-1980s in terms of the specifics of the organization of trade activities. The aim of this study is to identify the shadow aspects in the implementation of trade and economic practices in the Soviet state during the deep social transformations of the second half of the 20th century. Special attention is paid to the reaction of people to situations related to the growing deterioration of the population's supply of food, basic necessities, and household appliances. Observing the actions of the authorities, abuse of office, supply disruptions, production of low quality products, violations in the household arrangement of shopkeepers, lack of premises for organizing trade (especially in rural areas), Soviet citizens, hoping for justice, wrote to the newspapers Sovetskaya Torgovlya [Soviet Trade], Sel'skaya zhizn' [Rural Life], Pravda [Truth], and directly to the governing authorities. Based on the analysis of the database of materials of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, the author comes to the conclusion that the all-encompassing trend of the time was the formation of procedures for a speculative resale of goods. Their approval took place in the environment of bazaars and markets, gradually spreading to other trading enterprises. The most important problem of the time was commodity shortage and related criminal schemes, non-compliance with labor discipline, and so on. Soviet citizens showed a keen desire to make the egregious facts of reality public. Changes in people's behavioral patterns and moral appearance, the presence of special privileges for heads of the trade business, their families, and governing elites caused a persistent rejection by many. However, the attitude to things gradually changed, the desire for a comfortable life in society increased, which often led to joining the shadow models of the development of trade activities. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that the author demonstrates the modernization of worldview characteristics, traits of consciousness, both among the corporate management, trade organizers, and among urban and rural residents. During the analyzed period, the commercialization of life manifestations gained momentum, and the formation of entrepreneurial initiatives and privateproperty psychology took place. The source basis of the study is archival materials from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. Within the framework of the problem, the application of sociocultural and systemic approaches that determine the formation of a holistic, comprehensive view of the construction of transformational, modernizing, and evolutionary processes in Soviet trade in the second half of the 20th century is convincing.
Biographical Analysis of Personalities of Participants in Criminal Proceedings: Criminal Procedural and Forensic Aspects
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Vedernikov Nikolay T. , Yuan Vladimir L. ,   West Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Alekseeva Tatyana A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Published: February 2023

The biographical method of analyzing information about the participants in criminal proceedings remains one of the most significant methods of studying personality both in criminal proceedings and in forensic science. The concept of personality is cross-cutting and is actively explored both in criminal procedure and in forensic science. The object of the research is the set of psychological characteristics that have value from the point of view of forensic science and criminal procedure. The following general scientific methods were used in the study: analysis, synthesis, system-structural. The following specific scientific methods were used in the study: modeling, statistical analysis, comparative historical, expert assessment. Undoubtedly, the accused is the central figure in the criminal process in respect of which the investigation and procedural actions are carried out, and in respect of whom the sentence is ultimately passed and executed. However, in the course of the study, the authors emphasize the need to ensure security measures for victims and witnesses on an equal basis with the accused and identify three main blocks of biographical information about the personality of the victim and the witness: a group of biological, social and psychological parameters. In addition, the authors substantiate the connection of biographical information about the personality of victims and witnesses with the solution of the tasks of criminal proceedings. As one of the conclusions, an amended wording of Article 11 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation is proposed in terms of biographical information about the identity of the witness and the victim, which must be clarified during the investigation of the crime. The forensic aspect of studying the biographical information about the personality of the witness and the victim consists in the possibility of conducting individual tactical influence on the indicated participants in criminal proceedings. On the example of the investigative action of interrogation, the significance of biographical information for establishing psychological contact with the participants in investigative actions was analyzed. The authors analyzed a biographical fact, information about the level of income, and revealed patterns of behavior during the interrogation of a witness or a victim depending on this fact. In addition, tactics are proposed for establishing psychological contact with a person, depending on the level of their income.
On Super Precedents of the US Supreme Court
Authors:   Baikal State Univercity, Petrov Alexei A.
Published: February 2023

The modern Russian legal system functions and develops in conditions of active interaction with other national and international legal systems. This reflects the objective global trends of globalization, part of which are the processes of convergence and integration of legal systems. During these processes, an exchange of experience takes place between countries on legal development issues, which, in turn, often entails shifts in national legal systems, including changes in the role and significance of various sources of national law. In this regard, scientific research on the functioning of the judicial precedent is highly relevant for the Russian Federation, especially concerning countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal family, where the judicial precedent is considered to be the main source of law. At the same time, the use of general scientific methods of scientific knowledge (dialectical method, analysis, synthesis) in combination with specific legal methods (comparative legal method, historical legal method) makes it possible to comprehend legal phenomena that develop in various legal systems and to outline the directions of the corresponding discussion within the framework of Russian law. The topic of super precedents of the US Supreme Court, discussed in the American scientific community, is of particular interest here. One of the key elements of the US legal system is the stare decisis principle, which implies the obligation of courts to follow previously created precedents in resolving similar cases. The vertical aspect of stare decisis means that lower courts are bound by precedents created by higher courts, while horizontal stare decisis implies that courts are bound by their own decisions. The horizontal aspect of stare decisis includes the right of a court to deviate from its own precedent in the presence of appropriate circumstances and grounds. The US Supreme Court exercises this right quite regularly. At the same time, many American legal scholars point to the existence of such decisions of the Supreme Court that cannot be revised under any circumstances due to the fundamental importance of these decisions for American law and society. Such decisions are denoted by the concept “super precedent”. Scholars evaluate individual decisions of the Supreme Court on the subject of their possible superprecedent status. Signs of super precedence are highlighted, and attempts to classify super precedents are also suggested. Despite certain conventionality of the concept of a super precedent, the study of this issue seems to be relevant for Russian legal science. Such a study can be important to further deepen our understanding of the mechanisms of the judiciary.
Relevant aspects of the Soviet system of training qualified weightlifters for competitions
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Bolshoy Alexander V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Zagrevsky Oleg I. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; University of Tyumen
Published: February 2023

The first performance of Soviet weightlifters at the Olympic Games took place in 1952 in Helsinki. There they won three gold medals, taking away the palm of the championship from American weightlifters. The basis for the success of Soviet weightlifters on all world platforms was the system of sports training, which was based on the principle of optimal dosing of training load. The use of this system made it possible to form a national team capable of holding a leading position in the world until the end of the 20th century. The aim of the study was to identify the main features of the training process of qualified weightlifters of the Soviet Union, concerning the dosing of loads and the organization of training, in the period from 1972 to 1992. During the preparation of the article, we analyzed scientific and methodological literature on the research topic, and the diaries of eight athletes who underwent competitive training in the main and reserve composition of the USSR national team in the period from 1978 to 1991. In conclusion, we give recommendations regarding the distribution and dosing of the load of qualified weightlifters in preparation for competitions. As a result of the conducted research, we have found that the amount of load by volume in the preparation of weightlifters for competitions should be 1,000-1,300 number of rod lifts per month, depending on the athlete's athletic qualifications. The parameters of the load volume (number of rod lifts and tonnage) increase with the increase in weightlifters' athletic qualifications. Tonnage increases more significantly than the number of rod lifts. At the same time, the training load of qualified weightlifters should consist of 75-85% of sets for 1, 2 and 3 repetitions in jerk and push exercises. We have revealed that qualified weightlifters should perform a new amount of load in preparation for competitions in competitive and specially preparatory weightlifting exercises. The relative intensity of the load in the preparatory and competitive periods of training of qualified weightlifters should be more than 70% in competitive exercises and more than 90% in special preparatory exercises. Load planning of weightlifters in different periods of competitive training should be carried out taking into account the principle of variability, in particular, by various microcycling schemes using several types of microcycles with a load value from 10% to 40% of its total volume per mesocycle. Based on the data on the optimal amount of load in terms of volume and intensity, as well as data on the distribution of load by the number of repetitions in the approach and by types and groups of weightlifting exercises obtained as a result of the study, it is possible to develop universal models of various types of microcycles of competitive training.
Developing foreign rhythm and intonation skills of linguistic students through poems
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Shevchenko Olga G. , Shevyakova Daria S. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: February 2023

The article focuses on the problem of implementing poems into the process of developing rhythm and intonation skills in linguistic students as one of the most important goals of professional training. Rhythm and intonation skills are part of phonetic competence which in its turn forms linguistic competence. Linguistic competence constitutes the basis of communicative competence. The formation of a foreign language communicative competence is one of the fundamental requirements of our time. The aim of the article is to present a model for the rhythm and intonation skills formation in linguistic students and the results of its verification. The research methods include the literature observation of the problem, experimental verification, quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results. The article firstly makes a theoretical overview of the student books which are used by linguistic students while studying foreign language phonetics. The authors learned that poems are not used to the full extent in the formation of phonetic competence despite their rich linguistic potential. The article secondly hypothesizes the effectiveness of introducing poems into the process of rhythm and intonation skills formation. The authors develop a model of a six-stage implementation of developing rhythm and intonation skills through poems. As a result of the purposeful selection of poems using specific criteria, the six-stage implementation of poems in developing rhythm and intonation skills, with the help of the system of exercises and with specific recommendations, the model achieves the expected results. At the first four stages of the rhythm and intonation skills formation, the receptive type of exercises is presented, while the next two stages tend to implement exercises of productive type, in which foreign language learners majoring in Linguistics produce speech phonetically formed in a perfect way. Students use a variety of English scales; determine the stressed and unstressed syllables along with identifying authentic pauses and diverse forms of nuclear tones. An evaluating test for diagnosing the level of rhythm and intonation skills formation as part of phonetic competence is created. The process and results of experimental verification are made for determining the effectiveness of the chosen model for developing rhythm and intonation skills in a specifically selected informational educational environment. The results of the research have proved the efficiency of the selected methods.
On the features of civil liability for the illegal use of images of fictional characters as objects of copyright
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Kopylov Andrey Yu.
Published: February 2023

Theoretical and practical issues of civil liability of business entities that use images of fictional characters, mainly from feature films, without having the appropriate permission from the copyright holders, have been studied. The author has established that the illegal use of images of characters, as a rule, is associated with the production of goods whose packaging or appearance embody well-known fictional images. Consumers are subconsciously guided by these images and form demand necessary to increase sales. The infringer, embodying the images of famous characters protected both by copyright and as part of trademarks in goods and on their packaging, significantly reduces their costs due to non-payment of a license fee to the right holder and thereby reduces prices for these goods. The actual damage may be the costs of the right holder, which they have incurred or will inevitably incur when restoring their violated right. These costs can be incurred when making test purchases of counterfeit goods on which cartoon characters are placed, upon receipt of information fixing relevant violations, information on sales volumes of counterfeit goods, etc. Losses caused by violation of the exclusive right to depict a fictional character may also be expressed in the form of lost profits. Such a loss may manifest itself either in the failure of the right holder to receive remuneration for its illegal use, or in the failure to receive income from the independent use of the character in the implementation of certain entrepreneurial activities. If it is proved that the illegal user received income in a certain amount as a result of such a violation, then the right holder has the right to demand compensation, along with other losses and lost profits, in an amount not less than the income received by the violator. From the analysis of the judicial practice widely presented in this article, it follows that the most common way to protect violated exclusive rights to images of fictional characters is to claim monetary compensation, which is a borrowing from the Anglo-American legal order with its institution of statutory damages. The article analyzes the judicial practice related to the application of this sanction, notes its main shortcomings and concludes that the explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in this part are rather superficial, not presented systematically and contradict the doctrinal provisions of the science of civil law. The author concludes that, to eliminate this shortcoming and to implement the principles of justice, equality of participants in civil relations, it is necessary to exclude the lower threshold of compensation from these norms.
Utopia in search of the subject, the subject in search of utopia
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Fomenko Anastasiya P.
Published: February 2023

The central concept of this article is the idea of utopia as an optimistic image of a societal order achievable in the distant future. Tracing the process of gradual decline in the emergence of new positive utopias through examples of literary dystopias over the last century, the author proceeds to discuss the topic of the end of utopia. The idea is that, despite its long existence, it is only recently that the absence of new models for a happy future becomes critical, that utopia begins to be recognized as a problem. In this regard, the author proposes to temporarily shift researchers' attention from the already fairly well developed matters of the characteristic features, signs, and functions of utopias of past centuries to factors contributing to the formation of social utopias in culture. Most theorists point to active transformational processes in societal structures and relationships as a factor stimulating the emergence of new utopian ideas, which the author admits to being true, but insufficient. An equally important factor is the obligatory presence of a certain subject of utopia. At closer examination, it seems that the status of the subject of utopia in the contemporary world is largely problematic for many reasons, unlike the subject of classical utopias of the modern era. Firstly, the idea that any utopian project could be brought to fruition raises serious concerns. Secondly, the tendency to perceive utopia as a naive project significantly reduces the degree of its possible influence on the way of thinking and the direction of social change. Thirdly, the lack of clarity about the subject's qualities required to create utopias hinders active creativity regarding new utopian projects. This, in turn, is directly related to the ongoing unresolved problem of the “death” of the subject, brought forth by postmodern philosophers. Against this background, there is a notable inconsistency of contemporary attitudes, which are focused, on the one hand, on the debunking of the subject as an exclusively rational being, and, on the other, on the rationalization of utopian impulses. In conclusion, the author puts forward a thesis about the need to regard the absence of utopia and the absence of a subject as causally interrelated situations. Finally, an idea is proposed about the priority of solving the problem of the subject in comparison with the problem of the end of utopia, or, in other words, about the impossibility of starting the process of forming new utopias until there is clarity about the figure of the new subject and the image of the new person.
Revisión afinatoria de las bases naturales de la armonía
Authors: Yepes Londoño Gustavo
Published: February 2023

La humanidad ha tenido una práctica musical diversa a lo largo de su Historia, de acuerdo con los diferentes períodos de ella pero así mismo con los también disímiles desarrollos culturales en los diversos países o regiones del planeta. En este artículo que da cuenta de un proyecto nuestro de investigación, consideraremos sólo las frecuencias básicas relativas a lo melódico y lo armónico del sistema tonal, especial pero nó exclusivamente, dejando a un lado los aspectos rítmicos, formales, contrapuntísticos, organológicos y demás. Culturas varias basaron sus repertorios en escalas pentáfonas, otras en diatónicas heptáfonas, a veces con el uso de algunos romatismos semitonales sobre esas diatonías (tonos y semitonos), como en los sonidos de la musica ficta; más tarde, el cromatismo cercano y extenso de los períodos clásico y romántico; vinieron luego escalas que añadían cromatismos aún más pequeños que el semitono: tercios, cuartos de tono y otras opciones. En Occidente, con su cultura de bases europeas sobre todo, se llegó inclusive, en la modernidad, hasta el uso de un espectro continuo, en cuanto no discreto en su percepción, tanto por el uso de glissandi en algunos casos, pero también por el recurso de medios instrumentales electrónicos como el conocido theremín o ciertos sintetizadores, valgan como ejemplos. Otro propósito que tenemos es el ofrecer contribuír significativamente al mejor desempeño en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Armonía tonal especialmente, mediante el logro de que profesores y estudiantes puedan explicar y entender mejor las normas o leyes que suelen enunciarse para la práctica armónica correspondiente a la etapa cronológica comprendida entre finales de los siglos XVI y XIX; no sólo mediante la inferencia realizada sobre el repertorio del período acerca del cual se teoriza y que explica la música como arte y estesis, sino también sobre esas bases físicas científicas naturales anteriores a tales elecciones creativas propias de estilos y períodos temporales, que explican los materiales preexistentes usados por el artista para crear sus obras.
The Sociocultural Trauma of Forced Migration and Displacement
Authors: Dibo Shaza
Published: February 2023

Trauma occurs when individuals or groups encounter a horrific experience that leads to enduring imprints on their consciousness and memory, and results in a crucial alteration in how they perceive their identity, social surrounding, and even their future. The concept of trauma is firmly connected to war, conflict, and forced migration. Refugees face catastrophic life events when everything breaks apart. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in exploring trauma from different approaches, including sociological ones. Therefore, this article aims to review, explore, and analyze the concepts of cultural trauma, collective identity, and social trauma regarding the issue of refugees’ forced migration. The first part of the study focuses on reviewing related literature on cultural trauma and collective identity. Then, I investigate the concept of social trauma by considering forced migration, the host communities, the identity of forced migrants, and the role of the carrier groups. In this way, I attempt to present a comprehensive analysis of forced displacement from a sociocultural perspective.
Georg Simmel and Semyon Frank: from Kant to Lebensphilosophie
Authors: Begrambekov Alexander
Published: February 2023

Georg Simmel’s legacy is traditionally distinguished between sociological and philosophical works so that researchers have little overlap in his areas of interest with their colleagues. Simmel, however, was different in each of these disciplines. It is particularly evident in the context of his relationship with Kant. His sociology, more relevant before 1908, leads to Kant, while his philosophy (the so-called Lebensphilosophie or ‘philosophy of life’) developed after 1908, is opposed to Kant. This research aims to explain this dichotomy. Many thinkers transitioned from Kant to Simmel’s Lebensphilosophie, including Simmel’s student, Semyon Frank, whose fate resembles that of his teacher in many ways. Frank attended his lectures in 1898, translated and reviewed his works, and wrote about Simmel in his own essays. In general, it is difficult to find a figure among the foreign contemporaries of Frank who had a more significant influence on him than Simmel. In many ways, Frank was Simmel’s Russian counterpart: both were baptized Jews in Christian countries; both passed through a school of controversial opinions in many ways fatal to their destiny; both were exiles, despite their prolificacy and significance, and both were unsteady in their academic statuses, but highly appreciated by their colleagues. Frank is a well-known figure in the history of Russian religious philosophу, but his philosophy in the context of his path from Kantianism to his philosophy of life has not been sufficiently studied. This research also aims to fill this gap and to present Frank to Simmel’s readers.
Effect of Curved Surface of a Shoulder Fillet Round Bar on Stress Concentration Factor for Axial Tension Loading
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Modasa, Gujarat, India 383315, Prajapati Hiren , P Patel Bhavesh ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, U V Patel College of Engineering, Ganpat University, Gujarat, India
Published: February 2023

In industries, the shoulder fillet round bar (step shaft) is used to transmit the power and motion to fulfil the requirements of a specific application. A step is provided on the shaft for mounting bearings, sprockets, flywheels, pulleys etc. A step on the round bar behaves as discontinuity. The local stresses developed in the vicinity of the discontinuity, known as stress concentration (SC). The SC is one of the major factors responsible for failure of the mechanical component having discontinuity like step shaft. The shoulder fillet is provided in a step to reduce stress concentration on the shaft. The stress concentration can be measured using the stress concentration factor (SCF). The SCF can be calculated with the help of a fringe pattern. In the present research, experimentally, the fringe pattern was not obtained on the shoulder fillet round bar due to the curved surface of the bar. To overcome this problem, a partial slicing model approach was used. Even though, the obtained fringe patterns were not clear due to the sharp corners present in the partial slicing models. The SCF can be calculated with the help of a fringe pattern. These limitations can be overcome using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and full slicing approaches. In the present research, the FEA was performed on the flat and curved plate (slice). The Rapport factor (RF) was derived for all possible D/d ratios and determined the effect of a curved surface by finding the equivalent SCF of the shoulder fillet round bar. The FEA results of SCF were validated using the Peterson graph and considered acceptable as per the prevalent industry practices. The present study may help the design engineer to find the minimum SCF for the design of the shoulder fillet round bar for the concerned application. It will reduce the design iterations and chances of failure of the shoulder fillet round bar during its operation.
CERTAIN PARAMETERS OF THE HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM, AS WELL AS INDICATORS OF TRYPTOPHANE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Halenova Tetiana , Marynenko Tetiana ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: February 2023

The hemostasis system is a functional system of the human body that ensures the integrity and patency of the vessels of the circulatory system, prevents or stops bleeding, and also maintains the blood in a liquid state. The functioning of the hemostasis system is based on a balanced interaction between its coagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolytic links. According to modern concepts, destabilization of hemovascular homeostasis is one of the main mechanisms of progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). Biologically active substances of endogenous origin can play the role of triggers of cardiovascular events, along with generally accepted factors such as obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes and smoking. Establishing the nature of genesis factors and mechanisms of progression of cardiovascular symptoms will increase the probability of a positive prognosis for patients with coronary heart disease, which remains the most common cause of mortality in the population of developed countries. The purpose of this study was to find out the level of some biologically active substances, including certain factors of the coagulation cascade and the fibrinolysis system, parameters of tryptophan metabolism and heat shock proteins (namely, HPS 60 and HPS 70), in patients with coronary artery disease. 66 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease took part in the study: 20 of them had a confirmed diagnosis of stable angina, 28 had progressive unstable angina, and 18 had myocardial infarction. The results of the study showed an increased production of prothrombotic mediators (Willebrand factor, serotonin) in the blood plasma of patients with coronary artery disease. An imbalance between tissue plasminogen activator and its inhibitor was also noted, which may be the main factor in reducing the fibrinolytic potential of blood plasma under cardiovascular events. It has been established that patients with coronary heart disease, regardless of the form of the disease, are characterized by a significant increase in the plasma content of heat shock protein, namely HPS 60. Such results suggest the possible involvement of this protein in the pathological reactions that occur during coronary heart disease, and the possibility of its use as a biomarker of cardiovascular diseases.
Information quality management of ambulatory outcome in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Nazarov A. M. , Kicha D. I. , Goloshchapov-Aksenov R. S. , Rukodaynyy O. V. , Koledinsky A. G. , Tolpygina S. N.
Published: February 2023

Highlights. Using the big data databases of provided medical services belonging to the Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and the Unified State Healthcare Information System (USHIS), clinical and statistical analysis of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease was carried out, an algorithm was developed and the effectiveness of the presented information management technology was determined.

Aim. To assess and justify the developed information management technology for the quality management of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on monitoring and analyzing electronic personified data on medical services.

Methods. In 2018 the Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (TCMIF), the Medical Information and Analytical Center (MIAC) and healthcare organizations of the Orenburg Region implemented information management technology to assess the quality of ambulatory follow-up in patients with CAD, which is based on big data analysis of medical services and information integration “emergency medical services (EMS), hospital-TCMIF + MIAC-polyclinic”. To assess the effectiveness of the technology, the proportion of patients with myocardial infarction (MI), death from coronary artery disease, emergency hospitalizations and emergency calls for angina pectoris were compared. The study involved   two groups of patients: 13 208 ambulatory patients with angina pectoris and 4017 patients without follow-up, according to  the  TCMIF  reports  in  2017.  Out of the 13,208 patients with angina pectoris in 2019, 10,205 patients with continued follow-up presented with the same clinical endpoints. Patients with these unfavorable outcomes in proportion to the total number of patients in each group in 2017 and 2019 were compared as well.

Results. The developed and implemented information management technology led to an increase in the number of ambulatory patients with angina pectoris from 63 to 69%, with MI from 78 to 87%, and a reduction of emergency calls and emergency hospitalizations of patients with angina pectoris in the region in 2017 and 2019.

Conclusion. Information quality management of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease using electronic personalized data on medical services increases the number of ambulatory patients with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and decreases the number of unfavorable outcomes of patients with angina pectoris.
Evaluation of hemodynamic significance for paraprosthetic fistula after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Ovcharenko E. A. , Onishchenko P. S. , Klyshnikov K. Yu. , Ganyukov V. I. , Shilov A. A. , Vereshchagin I. E. , Kokov A. N. , Tarasov R. S. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: February 2023

Highlights. Using ECHO and MSCT data, a numerical assessment of hemodynamic effects of paraprosthetic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement was performed. A significant increase in the fluid flow, wall and viscous shear stresses in the area of regurgitation is shown. The modeling technique described in the paper can be used prospectively in assessing the optimal treatment modality in terms of predicting the quantitative characteristics of the flow, associated with the risks of destruction of red blood cells and thrombosis

Aim. To make a numerical assessment of hemodynamic effects of paraprosthetic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement based on retrospective clinical data.

Methods. The study included echocardiography and multi-slice computed tomography data as input data for modeling one pulsation of a fluid similar in properties to blood. Reconstruction of the paraprosthetic fistula and the ascending aorta was performed in the Mimics medium (Materialise, Belgium). The obtained 3D models were processed in the Salome software (OPEN CASCADE SAS, France), after which they were exported to HELYX-OS (ENGYS, Great Britain) to build a finite element mesh. The flows were modeled using the OpenFOAM software package version 6 (The OpenFOAM Foundation Ltd, UK).

Results. The simulation result, expressed quantitatively and qualitatively in the form of diagrams of the measured parameters – fluid flow velocities, wall and viscous shear stresses, shows a significant increase in indicators in the area of paraprosthetic regurgitation. Thus, the velocity in the affected area was 1.9–4.2 m/s, which is 3.8 higher than the average value in the entire computational area. The wall shear stress value was up to 61 Pa in the critical area, which may indicate an increased risk of thrombus formation due to the initiation of the clotting cascade through the von Willebrand factor. The value of viscous shear stress, the main component of the destruction of red blood cells in laminar flow, amounted to 20–26 Pa, which, in general, is not enough for mechanical hemolysis.

Conclusion. The modeling technique described in the paper can be used prospectively in assessing the optimal treatment modality in terms of predicting the quantitative characteristics of the flow, associated with the risks of destruction of red blood cells and thrombosis.