bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peptídeo natriurético cerebral (BNP) e troponinas como biomarcadores de estresse do miocárdio em ciclistas: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Nardi Tiago José , Morello Cella Pedro Augusto , De Moraes Costa Patrícia , Lemos de Medeiros Thalisson , Chagas Rother Mário Augusto , Marques Clandio , Haertel Miglioranza Marcelo
Published: October 2021

O ciclismo é um esporte que tem atraído vários adeptos pelo mundo. A prática do ciclismo exige grandes adaptações neuroimunoendócrinas e cardiovasculares, de tal modo que o corpo mantenha a homeostase. Nesse contexto, biomarcadores de estresse miocárdico parecem sofrer alterações secundárias ao esforço físico do ciclista. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar, em ciclistas, os valores de BNP, NT-proBNP e Troponina ultrassensível, relacionando alterações nesses biomarcadores à presença de lesões miocárdicas em exercícios de longa duração. Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa, que realizou busca ativa nas bases de dados Bireme, Pubmed, MedLine, SciELO e LILACS. Foram analisados 7 artigos que atenderam aos critérios metodológicos do estudo. Os estudos demonstram que os atletas de ciclismo estão predispostos a valores mais elevados de BNP, NT-proBNP e Troponina ultrassensível durante o exercício que os indivíduos não praticantes de exercícios de resistência; contudo, não se evidenciam alterações no músculo cardíaco em curto prazo.
Barreiras e facilitadores percebidos por pessoas com deficiência praticantes de esportes
Authors: Biduski Grazieli Maria , Lunardi Morgana , Rossato Mateus , Bertoli Josefina , Freitas Cintia De la Rocha , Seron Bruna Barboza
Published: October 2021

Considerando a importância da inserção de pessoas com deficiência no esporte, objetivamos identificar as barreiras e os facilitadores para a prática esportiva de pessoas com deficiência inseridas nos projetos de extensão da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Brasil). Para determinar as barreiras e os facilitadores foi aplicado um questionário a 19 participantes. Usou-se o teste qui-quadrado para avaliar a associação entre barreiras e facilitadores (p0,05). Os indicadores estatisticamente associados como facilitadores para a prática esportiva de pessoas com deficiência incluem a simpatia e conhecimento profissional, apoio da família e amigos e a ausência de constrangimento à prática. A presença de lesões, o clima e a distância do local da prática foram associados como barreiras. Desse modo, propiciar um ambiente de elevado apoio social, estabelecer cuidados para evitar lesões físicas e oferecer programas esportivos descentralizados, na cidade, parecem ser medidas importantes para a efetiva participação de pessoas com deficiência no esporte.
Ensino de História: temporalidade, pós-verdade e verdade poética
Authors: Rangel Marcelo de Mello
Published: October 2021

Ouvindo alunos da graduação nos 4 estágios supervisionados que temos no departamento de História da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), percebi que 2 temas têm aparecido e retornado com frequência: a) certo desinteresse, ao menos inicial, dos estudantes do ensino básico pelo passado, pela história e pelo ensino de História, especialmente no que diz respeito a um modo específico de relacionamento com passados: o epistemológico-crítico-pragmático; e, também, b) certo questionamento dos alunos (às vezes até mais enérgico/violento) de determinadas interpretações propostas pelos professores. Temos pensado sobre esses desafios ao longo de nossos cursos, de modo que este artigo aborda parte de nossas discussões sobre as questões da temporalidade e da pós-verdade, especialmente naquilo que diz respeito a certo desinteresse pela história e pelo ensino de história. E, por fim, tematizamos um comportamento epistemológico a partir do qual seria possível certo reencantamento da história e do ensino de História, o que denomino verdade poética.
Palavras-chave: temporalidade; pós-verdade; verdade poética.
Trojno negativni rak dojke
Authors: Tašner Tanja , Arko Darja , Takač Iztok , Sobočan Monika
Published: October 2021

Trojno negativni rak dojk (TNRD) predstavlja 10–20 % vseh primerov raka dojk. Zanj je značilno, da estrogenski receptorji, progesteronski receptorji in receptor HER2 niso izraženi. Kadar je tumor negativen tudi za androgene receptorje, govorimo o četverno negativnem raku dojk. TNRD se v številnih lastnostih razlikuje od ostalih tipov raka dojk. Incidenca je višja pri Afroameričankah in mlajših ženskah. Histološko gre večinoma za invazivne duktalne karcinome, ki so v večjem deležu slabo diferencirani. Pogosteje pride do sistemskega razsoja bolezni kot pa do lokalnega recidiva. Pogosteje kot ostale vrste raka dojk zaseva v visceralne organe. Slabše je celokupno preživetje, čas do ponovitve bolezni pa je krajši. Edino učinkovito standardno sistemsko zdravljenje je kemoterapija. Med novejšimi zdravili za zdravljenje TNRD kažejo svojo učinkovitost zaviralci PARP in imunoterapija, vendar le pri določenih podtipih TNRD. Številne klinične raziskave na tem področju že potekajo.
Influence of Texture on Drainability, Splash and Spray in Flexible Pavements
Authors: Sanz Garcia Jose Manuel , Garcia Manuel Romana , Ramos Garcia Jose Antonio
Published: October 2021

Although the splash and spray phenomenon produced by heavy trucks on road pavements is not a significant issue in relation to traffic safety, it may cause considerable inconveniences for those driving cars or motorbikes. This paper addresses the issue of pavement engineering with regard to surface characteristics; particularly pavement texture and its influence on water mobilization and projection in conditions of wet weather and heavy traffic. Considering the theoretical concept of pavement macrotexture, the analysis starts with the hypothesis concerning a relationship between Mean Profile Depth (MPD) and water splashed during rain. In order to focus on the impact of texture on splash and spray, a field experiment was carried out to test the hypothesis using 5 test tracks on a range of different pavement textures. The experiment was performed using a Traffic Speed Drain Meter (TSDM), which is a new drainability survey device presented to PIARC for approval. This equipment employs the laser and image technology and allows one to simultaneously obtain MPD and water splash data. The results of drainability and MPD were compared for each test track. Having analysed the pavements with different MPD ranges in the experiment, it has been concluded that MPD and water splashed apparently have an inversely proportional relationship. In addition, the TSDM proved to be a suitable equipment (repeatability) at an affordable cost (high performance of data collection). Finally, it has been concluded that there is a way to reduce splash and spray adjusting the infrastructure rather trying to solve the issue modifying vehicle moving modes. Therefore, if the issue is properly addressed by civil engineers and road managers, road safety in the areas of heavy rain may be improved at an affordable cost. The experiment presented here is considered a starting point opening the path for further research.
Durability and Mechanical Properties of Roller Compacted Concrete Containing Coarse Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Mahdavi Alireza , Moghaddam Abolfazl Mohammadzadeh , Dareyni Mohammad
Published: October 2021

The feasibility of utilizing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a replacement for coarse aggregates in Roller Compacted Concretes (RCCs) was assessed. This replacement was performed in different volumetric percentages (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). During this process, RAP materials were subject to abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles drum and mixer before being added to the mixture. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, crack propagation, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), electrical resistivity, density, and water absorption (in 7, 28, and 90 days of age) tests were done on all mixtures. Results show that utilizing RAP in RCC can cause a drop in the mechanical properties, but it has positive effects on crack propagation of the specimens due to their increased toughness. Increasing the amount of RAP in the mixtures has increased their electrical resistivity, likely owing to the hydrophobic properties of RAP, which causes prevention from connecting pores to each other. The relationship between the mechanical properties and UPV of the mixtures was analysed using regression models. Moreover, one- and two-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) tests were performed on the results at a 95% confidence level. Finally, replacing the coarse aggregates with RAP only up to 75% is suggested if pre-processing is performed.
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Installation of an Automatic Incident Detection System in Vilnius
Authors: Jarašūnienė Aldona , Novikova Marta
Published: October 2021

A well-functioning transport network is a key element of a successful economy. One of the biggest problems in transportation is the large number of vehicles, which leads to congestion. Traffic congestion negatively influences the social and economic environment: it creates pollution and causes many accidents. A variety of innovative technologies are being applied in all areas. Different countries use Intelligent Transport Systems to create a safer, more efficient, and sustainable transport system to monitor and manage traffic flow. The application of Intelligent Transport Systems helps solve problems in the transport sector: Intelligent Transport Systems helps manage traffic flows, reduce accident rates, environmental pollution, and inform drivers and passengers about the traffic situation. Consequently, Intelligent Transport System improves the efficiency of the transport system, the quality of services, increases mobility, reduces energy consumption, and reduces the negative impact of vehicles on the environment. As reported by the Department of Statistics data in Lithuania, the number of road vehicles in the Vilnius region increases every year. Traffic accidents remain constant, and long-lasting traffic jams occur. Due to these reasons, Vilnius and its residents incur economic costs, and the transport system is used inefficiently. This article examines the importance of Intelligent Transport System application in solving congestion, pollution and accidents in Vilnius. A cost-benefit analysis of the Automatic Incident Detection System installation in Vilnius is performed.
3D point cloud lossy compression using quadric surfaces
Authors: Imdad Ulfat , Tahir Ahmed Mirza , Asif Muhammad , Aljuaid Hanan
Published: October 2021

The presence of 3D sensors in hand-held or head-mounted smart devices has motivated many researchers around the globe to devise algorithms to manage 3D point cloud data efficiently and economically. This paper presents a novel lossy compression technique to compress and decompress 3D point cloud data that will save storage space on smart devices as well as minimize the use of bandwidth when transferred over the network. The idea presented in this research exploits geometric information of the scene by using quadric surface representation of the point cloud. A region of a point cloud can be represented by the coefficients of quadric surface when the boundary conditions are known. Thus, a set of quadric surface coefficients and their associated boundary conditions are stored as a compressed point cloud and used to decompress. An added advantage of proposed technique is its flexibility to decompress the cloud as a dense or a course cloud. We compared our technique with state-of-the-art 3D lossless and lossy compression techniques on a number of standard publicly available datasets with varying the structure complexities.
The soil microbiomics of intact, degraded and partially-restored semi-arid succulent thicket (Albany Subtropical Thicket)
Authors: Schagen Micaela , Bosch Jason , Johnson Jenny , Duker Robbert , Lebre Pedro , Potts Alastair J. , Cowan Don A.
Published: October 2021

This study examines the soil bacterial diversity in the Portulacaria afra-dominated succulent thicket vegetation of the Albany Subtropical Thicket biome; this biome is endemic to South Africa. The aim of the study was to compare the soil microbiomes between intact and degraded zones in the succulent thicket and identify environmental factors which could explain the community compositions. Bacterial diversity, using 16S amplicon sequencing, and soil physicochemistry were compared across three zones: intact (undisturbed and vegetated), degraded (near complete removal of vegetation due to browsing) and restored (a previously degraded area which was replanted approximately 11 years before sampling). Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) richness was similar across the three zones, however, the bacterial community composition and soil physicochemistry differed across the intact and degraded zones. We identified, via correlation, the potential drivers of microbial community composition as soil density, pH and the ratio of Ca to Mg. The restored zone was intermediate between the intact and degraded zones. The differences in the microbial communities appeared to be driven by the presence of plants, with plant-associated taxa more common in the intact zone. The dominant taxa in the degraded zone were cosmopolitan organisms, that have been reported globally in a wide variety of habitats. This study provides baseline information on the changes of the soil bacterial community of a spatially restricted and threatened biome. It also provides a starting point for further studies on community composition and function concerning the restoration of degraded succulent thicket ecosystems.
Pooling size sorted Malaise trap fractions to maximize taxon recovery with metabarcoding
Authors: Elbrecht Vasco , Bourlat Sarah J. , Hörren Thomas , Lindner Angie , Mordente Adriana , Noll Niklas W. , Schäffler Livia , Sorg Martin , Zizka Vera M.A.
Published: October 2021

Background

Small and rare specimens can remain undetected when metabarcoding is applied on bulk samples with a high specimen size heterogeneity. This is especially critical for Malaise trap samples, where most of the biodiversity is contributed by small taxa with low biomass. The separation of samples in different size fractions for downstream analysis is one possibility to increase detection of small and rare taxa. However, experiments systematically testing different size sorting approaches and subsequent proportional pooling of fractions are lacking, but would provide important information for the optimization of metabarcoding protocols. We set out to find a size sorting strategy for Malaise trap samples that maximizes taxonomic recovery but remains scalable and time efficient.

Methods

Three Malaise trap samples were sorted into four size classes using dry sieving. Each fraction was homogenized and lysed. The corresponding lysates were pooled to simulate unsorted samples. Pooling was additionally conducted in equal proportions and in four different proportions enriching the small size fraction of samples. DNA from the individual size classes as well as the pooled fractions was extracted and metabarcoded using the FwhF2 and Fol-degen-rev primer set. Additionally, alternative wet sieving strategies were explored.

Results

The small size fractions harboured the highest diversity and were best represented when pooling in favour of small specimens. Metabarcoding of unsorted samples decreases taxon recovery compared to size sorted samples. A size separation into only two fractions (below 4 mm and above) can double taxon recovery compared to not size sorting. However, increasing the sequencing depth 3- to 4-fold can also increase taxon recovery to levels comparable with size sorting, but remains biased towards biomass rich taxa in the sample.

Conclusion

We demonstrate that size fractionation of Malaise trap bulk samples can increase taxon recovery. While results show distinct patterns, the lack of statistical support due to the limited number of samples processed is a limitation. Due to increased speed and lower risk of cross-contamination as well as specimen damage we recommend wet sieving and proportional pooling of the lysates in favour of the small size fraction (80–90% volume). However, for large-scale projects with time constraints, increasing sequencing depth is an alternative solution.
El desarrollo de la escritura analítica: aprender a enlazar la información, aprender a posicionarse
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona (España), Rosado Villegas Elisa , Mañas Navarrete Iban ,   Universitat de Barcelona (España), Yúfera Gómez Irene ,   Universitat de Barcelona (España), Aparici Aznar Melina ,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (España)
Published: October 2021

Estudiantes de todos los niveles muestran problemas con ciertas convenciones del discurso escrito consideradas indicadoras de desarrollo y predictoras de la calidad de los textos: la organización de la información y el uso de recursos específicos. El uso de conectores y marcadores discursivos contribuye a la cohesión del texto y guía la interpretación de las relaciones entre sus componentes. Analizamos los textos analíticos en catalán de 128 alumnos de secundaria y universitarios para identificar las dificultades y las trayectorias evolutivas en la conexión intra e interoracional. Los textos fueron producidos tras aplicar una secuencia didáctica sobre escritura académica. Examinamos el repertorio de marcas de conexión (conjunciones, marcadores parentéticos, marcadores léxicos) y las funciones que desempeñan (proposicional, estructural, modal). Las diferencias entre grupos aparecen 1) en el uso de conjunciones, más empleadas en secundaria, y marcadores parentéticos, en universitarios, y 2) en las funciones de marcadores modales que expresan el posicionamiento del autor. La coherencia de los textos depende del uso de marcas de conexión, su función en la estructura textual y el posicionamiento del autor. Aunque las marcas de conexión interoracional de adolescentes y adultos son escasas, la expresión del posicionamiento discursivo por medio de marcadores modales sí evoluciona.
La formación de los futuros profesores de educación básica en evaluación. ¿Cómo son las oportunidades de aprendizaje que ofrecen las universidades chilenas?
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes (Chile), Navarro Ciudad Marianela , Förster Carla ,   Universidad de Talca (Chile), Méndez Child Ivonne ,   Mineduc, Unidad de Curriculum y Evaluación (Chile), Meckes Gerard Lorena ,   Consejo Nacional de Educación (Chile)
Published: October 2021

No es posible pensar en la calidad de la educación de un país sin considerar la preparación de su profesorado. Entre las muchas competencias que los y las docentes necesitan desarrollar, la de monitorear y evaluar el aprendizaje de los escolares es una de las más descendidas en los profesores de Chile, lo que representa un desafío para su formación inicial. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar las oportunidades de aprendizaje en evaluación reportadas por 724 estudiantes de último año de carreras de pedagogía básica, de 23 universidades chilenas, quienes respondieron a un cuestionario sobre su preparación en el ámbito de la evaluación de aprendizajes a fines de 2014. Los resultados muestran un enfoque genérico para abordar este ámbito de la formación, con escaso énfasis en las particularidades que tiene la evaluación de aprendizajes de las disciplinas que deberán enseñar, aunque equilibrando aspectos teóricos y prácticos. Dada la muestra alcanzada, la disponibilidad del instrumento, y que la cohorte estudiada se formó en un periodo previo a la publicación de los estándares orientadores de la formación inicial en Chile (2012) y de las regulaciones introducidas por la Ley 20.903, este estudio constituye una línea de base para monitorear eventuales cambios derivados de estas políticas.
¿Qué libros prefieren leer niñas y niños en la etapa inicial de la enseñanza formal de la lectura?
Authors:   CIAE, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Educación, Universidad de Chile, Silva Macarena , Jéldrez Elvira ,   CIAE, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Educación, Universidad de Chile
Published: October 2021

Los textos narrativos suelen ser escogidos por sobre los informativos para promover el lenguaje en las etapas iniciales de la escolaridad, con base en la creencia de que las/os niñas/os prefieren y comprenden mejor este tipo de textos. Sin embargo, la evidencia que fundamenta este principio es controvertida. Este estudio examinó la preferencia por libros de un grupo de niñas/os en dos momentos: kindergarten (N = 395) y primero básico (N = 302). Se le pidió a cada niño/a que revisara dos libros narrativos y dos informativos y que escogiera uno, justificando su elección. En kindergarten, las/os niños prefirieron significativamente más los libros informativos por sobre los narrativos. En kindergarten y en primero básico, se encontró una relación entre género y preferencia: los niños escogían libros informativos en mayor medida que las niñas. Las razones dadas por los escolares para escoger un libro no aludían al tipo de texto, sino al contenido, conexión con la propia experiencia, finalidad de la lectura, entre otros. Estos resultados se discuten en relación con el repertorio de libros ofrecidos a los/as niños/as para sus lecturas y la importancia del uso de textos variados en géneros discursivos y temáticas, desde las etapas de iniciación a la lectura.
Ayudar a comprender y enseñar a comprender: dos planteamientos instruccionales para los estudiantes de educación primaria
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca (España), Sánchez Emilio , García Pérez J. Ricardo ,   Universidad de Salamanca (España)
Published: October 2021

eer textos académicos es una experiencia altamente demandante, ya que exige no solo comprender lo que se lee, sino también aprender de ello. Esta exigencia se vuelve cada vez más común desde los cursos intermedios de la enseñanza primaria. Consecuentemente, los estudiantes deben adquirir nuevos recursos estratégicos, que consisten en llevar a cabo acciones mentales guiadas por una meta explícita (por ejemplo, seleccionar solo la información que cumpla con un criterio determinado) ante la presencia de ciertas claves (por ejemplo, una expresión textual como “la primera causa es…”). La adquisición de estos recursos representa un reto que debemos entender bien para proporcionar el apoyo instruccional necesario. Por esa razón, este artículo busca identificar algunas de las necesidades que experimentan los estudiantes en el uso de estas estrategias de lectura, con base en algunos de nuestros estudios previos. Básicamente, mostramos que los estudiantes presentan más dificultades para procesar las claves textuales que guían sus acciones estratégicas que para llevarlas a cabo: es decir, hay una disociación entre la sensibilidad a las claves y la capacidad para ejecutar el curso de acción ligado a ellas. Además, presentan dificultades para recordar las metas de lectura cuando deben seleccionar la información de acuerdo con ellas. Estas evidencias nos llevarán a diferenciar dos planteamientos instruccionales: el primero pretende ayudar a los estudiantes, durante la lectura, a comprender el texto que están leyendo; el segundo está destinado a enseñarles cómo comprender cualquier texto. Finalmente, clarificamos cuándo y por qué ayudar a comprender podría ser especialmente útil.
Aprendizaje en las redes sociales: literacidades vernaculares y académicas en la producción digital de jóvenes escolares
Authors:   Instituto de la Comunicación e Imagen, Universidad de Chile, Valdivia Andrea
Published: October 2021

Las redes sociales juegan un rol protagónico en la vida cotidiana juvenil, en especial aquellas donde la imagen es central. La producción y circulación de textos digitales multimodales ha aumentado significativamente. Este artículo aborda las potencialidades y complejidades de la producción digital en Instagram desde los aprendizajes y las literacidades. A partir de una investigación etnográfica en un liceo público de Santiago de Chile, se presenta el estudio de las prácticas digitales de ocho jóvenes. Los materiales analizados provienen de entrevistas con jóvenes, docentes y madres, observaciones etnográficas in situ y digitales, y piezas visuales producidas por los jóvenes. Los resultados muestran distintos aprendizajes, cuyo nivel de complejidad se asocia a la intensidad de la producción de textos y la orientación y motivación. Las literacidades vernaculares dan cuenta de un saber práctico donde el inglés, el hashtag, la imagen y el humor son significativos en la producción digital. Los hallazgos también muestran casos de producción que trascienden el uso personal con función expresiva, guiados por orientaciones estratégicas de comunicación, política y educación. Esto, gracias a la interacción de literacidades académicas y vernaculares. Se concluye con la identificación de vacíos en la alfabetización digital donde la escuela podría aportar.
Infografías científicas en secundaria: complejos de significados multimodales en ensambles compuestos verbales-visuales
Authors:   Australian Catholic University, Unsworth Len
Published: October 2021

The complexity of science discourse has long been recognized as challenging for many students. Systemic functional linguistic accounts of technicality and meaning aggregation, differentiating scientific and everyday discourse, have explicated the linguistic complexity confronting students. The complexity of images and image-language ensembles in science discourse has not been similarly delineated. Two aspects of multimodal meaning-making have not been sufficiently theorized to support pedagogies of visualization interpretation and creation in science: (1) the role of the verbiage within scientific visualizations has been largely ignored; (2) image analysis has emphasized single-structure images, e.g. narrative or classificational or analytical, whereas multiple structures in a single image is a frequent and significant resource in science. This paper outlines a framework describing the co-deployment of image and verbiage to construct multi-structure image-language ensembles in high school science textbooks. Using this framework two investigations are described: (1) variation among textbook infographics in image-language co-articulation representing meaning complexes of phenomena such as mitosis; (2) the relationship between co-articulation of image-language resources and achievement level in infographics constructed by senior high school students. Implications are drawn for extending transdisciplinary research in educational semiotics and science education and for pedagogies of multimodal disciplinary literacy development in high school science.
Croiser les perspectives pour mieux informer en autisme : Entre ce que les professionnels veulent dire, ce que les parents veulent savoir et comment les adultes autistes veulent que l’on parle d’eux
Authors: Courcy Isabelle , Valderrama Alena , Weis-Heitner Lindsay , Giroux Mathieu , Guerrero Lucila , Thermidor Ghitza , Laporte Line , Forgeot d’Arc Baudouin
Published: October 2021

Ce projet est issu d’une préoccupation quant au besoin de développer des outils de communication faciles à comprendre et qui répondent au plus grand nombre de parents d’enfant(s) autiste(s) ayant récemment reçu leur diagnostic. Dans une approche systémique de la littératie en santé (Sørenson et al., 2012), nous avons développé une grille pratique de manière à soutenir la rédaction de documents et leur amélioration afin de les rendre plus compréhensibles pour le grand public. La démarche réalisée s’est caractérisée par le croisement des perspectives de différents publics concernés : professionnels, parents, adultes autistes. Ce projet novateur est l’un des premiers à avoir exploré les enjeux de littératie dans le contexte de l’autisme.
Effect of Varying Levels of Boron and Sulphur on Yields and Nutrient Uptake of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Grown in a Mollisol
Authors: Bungla Prerna , Pachauri S. P. , Srivastava P. C. , Pathak Anand , Shukla Anil Kumar
Published: October 2021

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of effect of varying levels of boron and sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) grown in a Mollisol. The experiment was conducted under factorial completely randomized design with three replications and consisted of six levels of each of boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg kg−1soil and two foliar sprays of 0.2% boron) and sulphur (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 mg kg−1soil). The different doses of sulphur and boron and their interaction had significant effect on seed and stover yields, B and S concentrations and uptake by linseed crop indicating a differential requirement of boron and sulphur by the crop.  The highest seed yield was recorded under the combined application of 2 mg B kg−1 soil and 60 mg S kg−1 soil.
PERSPECTIVAS PSICANALÍTICAS SOBRE AMOR E LAÇOS SOCIAIS NA MODERNIDADE A PARTIR DA OBRA ``AMOR LÍQUIDO`` DE ZYGMUNT BAUMAN
Authors: Alves Lucas de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho propõe uma aproximação teórica entre o saber da psicanálise e a obra do sociólogo Zygmunt Bauman. Partindo das elaborações de Bauman acerca do conceito de amor líquido e seguindo as trilhas de Freud e Lacan, em suas construções teóricas sobre a dimensão e vicissitudes do significante amor, busca-se escutar e interrogar as ressonâncias do amor líquido nas subjetividades e nos laços sociais que se constituem na modernidade. Ademais, ressalta-se que esse trabalho não busca desenvolver um comparativo entre as duas correntes teóricas, mas promover uma interlocução entre ambas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amor. Desejo. Modernidade. Psicanálise. Zygmunt Bauman.
DOR E GOZO NA PSICANÁLISE: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Pereira Patricia do Socorro Nunes , Nicolau Roseane Freitas , Monteiro Jamile Luz Moraes
Published: October 2021

A dor sentida no corpo sem causa orgânica justificada suporta um modo de satisfação pulsional, um gozo definido por Lacan no Seminário XX como fora-da-linguagem sendo inacessível às palavras, aparecendo para o sujeito na repetição e está relacionado ao prazer que comporta um sofrimento, ligado ao masoquismo primário (Lacan,1959-60/2009). O que coaduna ao que Freud (1920/2006) estabelece como um prazer na dor manifestado na compulsão a repetição ligada à pulsão de morte. Tais manifestações que acometem o sujeito, deixando-o muitas vezes paralisado em meio a suas dores, resistem ao tratamento e a seu diagnóstico. A partir das teorizações de Freud e Lacan discutiremos sobre a dor e os mecanismos envolvidos em seu processo.Palavras-Chave: Dor Corporal; Pulsão; Gozo; Psicanálise.
O PADRÃO CORPORAL FEMININO NO BALÉ: UMA LEITURA PSICANALÍTICA
Authors: Campos Moema Fiuza de , Santos Katia Alexsandra dos
Published: October 2021

A história do corpo feminino sempre foi regida pela imposição de padrões que produzem efeitos na imagem corporal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender as implicações da vivência do processo de formação em balé clássico na relação da bailarina com o próprio corpo, considerando a constituição da imagem corporal do sujeito, a partir de um viés psicanalítico. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas com 05 bailarinas, que permitiram observar que a constituição da imagem corporal comparece de maneira muito marcante na relação com a dança e com o próprio corpo. As vivências iniciais repercutem na atualidade, mostrando como a experiência na dança aparece marcada por muita ambiguidade.Palavras-Chave: Padrão Corporal; Imagem Corporal; Balé; Psicanálise.
A VOZ NO TRATAMENTO PSICANALÍTICO DAS PSICOSES
Authors: Lima Fernanda Mara da Silva
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo pensar a especificidade do tratamento psicanalítico da psicose no que se refere ao saber fazer com lalangue em que coloca em cena a articulação entre letra e voz. Para tanto será apresentada a premissa de que a voz é causa e efeito do sujeito a partir da constituição do sujeito pelas operações lógicas de alienação e separação. Também será trabalhado outro modo de pensar a estruturação do sujeito que se baseará pela articulação entre linguagem, lalangue e letra. Isto posto para em seguida verificar a particular relação do sujeito psicótico com a voz enquanto objeto a.Palavras-Chave: Psicanálise, psicoses, tratamento, objeto, voz.
MANEJO DA ARTE NA CLÍNICA DA NEUROSE
Authors: Peixoto Beatriz de Oliveira , Torres Maycon Rodrigo da Silveira
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a reflexão a respeito da abertura feita pelos analistas para a arte atuar na clínica com o sujeito neurótico. O método utilizado foi a revisão bibliográfica com descritores de “arte”, “neurose” e “psicanálise”. Artistas se comprazem da coisa-objeto para dar espaço ao real, de maneira que haja uma percepção sensível, e um compartilhamento daquilo que grita no sujeito, sendo na neurose, algo do perdido e indizível. A arte produz um espaço, ao que o sujeito se desprende da palavra circunscrita, e promove um alargamento desta para novas formas de palavras ou outras expressões do ser humano, que se traduzem em formas artísticas. A experiencia do real não se reduz ao simbólico, mas alarga as possibilidades de significação.
O DES(P)EJO QUE ME HABITA – A PSICANÁLISE E @S VOLTAS
Authors: Leite Claudia Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

O livro Quarto de despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, impactou a sociedade por revelar a realidade da favela. Sendo assim, aquilo que deveria permanecer escondido vem à luz revelando um “fruto estranho”. Recuperamos o primeiro anúncio que Freud nos traz em seu trabalho Das Unheimliche (1919), quando ele ressalta que estamos na fronteira da estética ao nos ocuparmos do tema do estranho. Porém, o modo como a Psicanálise se aproxima desse tema revela seu aspecto fugidio e radicalmente intraduzível. O presente trabalho circula entre o que Freud nos ensina sobre o estranho e o que Carolina denuncia com sua letra: a estreita relação entre a escrita e o corpo. Nesse sentido, articulamos o estranho em três tempos: Tempo de ler, Tempo de escrever e Tempo de estranhar.
FREUD-MARCUSE, CULTURA E SUBJETIVIDADE: NOTAS PARA UM NOVO PRINCÍPIO DE REALIDADE
Authors: Bastos Rogério Lustosa
Published: October 2021

Discute-se a visão freudiana e marcuseana da cultura e a subjetividade. Para Freud, o homem tem pulsões (Eros e Tanatos) que não só se transformam no conflito com às coibições culturais, como é fato necessário para convivência social, sob o Princípio de Realidade. Para o atual Neoliberalismo, tal “princípio” se torna o “Princípio de Desempenho” e ainda a “repressão” é a própria “Mais-Repressão”. Marcuse discorda dessa apropriação dos conceitos freudianos: agora, na cultura do capitalismo global (cultura afirmativa), reproduzem-se os valores mercadológicos a partir de dentro do homem, sob uma subjetividade hegemônica, tendenciosamente “assujeitada”. Daí ser vital se recriar um Novo Princípio de Realidade, pois é preciso mudar a história e a subjetividade.
Seasonal UV exposure and vitamin D: association with the dynamics of COVID‐19 transmission in Europe
Authors: Mukherjee Sunanda Biswas , Gorohovski Alessandro , Merzon Eugene , Levy Eliad , Mukherjee Sumit , Frenkel‐Morgenstern Milana
Published: October 2021

Several recent studies have demonstrated that low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D levels are associated with the risk of COVID‐19 infection. The primary source of vitamin D production in humans is environmental UV radiation. In many viral respiratory diseases, peak infection rates are observed during winter due to reduced UV exposure and low temperatures. In Europe, the second wave of COVID‐19 began early in the winter of 2020. Investigating the impact of seasonal temperature and UV exposure on COVID‐19 transmission could thus aid in prevention and intervention. As such, we first performed a comprehensive meta‐analysis of all related published literature based on the association between vitamin D and COVID‐19, which supported the hypothesis that the low vitamin D level is a critical risk factor for COVID‐19 infection. Next, to understand the potential impact of seasonal UV and temperature levels on COVID‐19 cases, we analyzed meteorological data and daily COVID‐19 cases per million in the populations of 26 European countries. We observed that low temperature, UV index, and cloud‐free vitamin D UV dose (UVDVF) levels are negatively correlated with COVID‐19 prevalence in Europe. Furthermore, a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to assess the nonlinear delayed effects of individual seasonal factors on COVID‐19 cases. Such analysis highlighted the significantly delayed impact of UVDVF on the cumulative relative risk of COVID‐19 infection. The findings of this study suggest that low UV exposure can affect the required production of vitamin D in the body, which substantially influences the dynamics of COVID‐19 transmission and severity.
Preoperative neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio predicts healing time for postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Toya Keisuke , Tomimaru Yoshito , Kobayashi Shogo , Sasaki Kazuki , Iwagami Yoshifumi , Yamada Daisaku , Noda Takehiro , Takahashi Hidenori , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi
Published: October 2021

Purpose

Postoperative pancreatic fistula is a serious complication of distal pancreatectomy. Although many studies have described the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), few have focused on the healing time. This study investigated the healing time and potential factors associated with the healing time of POPF after distal pancreatectomy (DP).

Methods

Among 114 patients that underwent DP in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2020, we included 88 that developed POPF. The healing time for a postoperative pancreatic fistula was defined as the interval between the completion of DP and the removal of all drains related to the treatment for POPF. Based on the definition, three cases who required additional treatment after removal of all drains were excluded from this study. Clinical factors associated with the fistula healing times were investigated in the 85 patients.

Results

The average POPF healing time was 11 ± 10 days (median: 6 days, range: 3‐57). We found that the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, a marker of inflammatory and nutritional status, was the only factor independently associated with the POPF healing time; the mean healing time was significantly shorter in patients with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio ≤2.1 (8 ± 6 days) than in those with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio >2.1 (13 ± 12 days; P = .0139).

Conclusion

We demonstrated that the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio could independently predict the POPF healing time after DP. These findings suggested that improving the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio might shorten the healing times for POPF after DP.
Detection and Imaging of the Plant Pathogen Response by Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Polyphenol Sensors
Authors: Nißler Robert , Müller Andrea T. , Dohrman Frederike , Kurth Larissa , Li Han , Cosio Eric G. , Flavel Benjamin S. , Giraldo Juan Pablo , Mithöfer Axel , Kruss Sebastian
Published: October 2021

Plants use secondary metabolites such as polyphenols for chemical defense against pathogens and herbivores. Despite their importance in plant pathogen interactions and tolerance to diseases, it remains challenging to detect polyphenols in complex plant tissues. Here, we create molecular sensors for plant polyphenol imaging that are based on near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). We identified polyethylene glycol–phospholipids that render (6,5)‐SWCNTs sensitive (Kd=90 nM) to plant polyphenols (tannins, flavonoids, …), which red‐shift (up to 20 nm) and quench their emission (ca. 1000 nm). These sensors report changes in total polyphenol level after herbivore or pathogen challenge in crop plant systems (Soybean Glycine max) and leaf tissue extracts (Tococa spp.). We furthermore demonstrate remote chemical imaging of pathogen‐induced polyphenol release from roots of soybean seedlings over the time course of 24 h. This approach allows in situ visualization and understanding of the chemical plant defense in real time and paves the way for plant phenotyping for optimized polyphenol secretion.
Selective Production of Secondary Amine by the Photocatalytic Cascade Reaction Between Nitrobenzene and Benzyl Alcohol over Nanostructured Bi2MoO6 and Pd Nanoparticles Decorated with Bi2MoO6
Authors: Ghalta Rajat , Kar Ashish Kumar , Srivastava Rajendra
Published: October 2021

The synthesis of secondary amine by the photoalkylation of nitrobenzene with benzyl alcohol using a simple light source and sunlight is a challenging task. Herein, a one‐pot cascade protocol is employed to synthesize secondary amine by the reaction between nitrobenzene and benzyl alcohol. The one‐pot cascade protocol involves four reactions: (a) photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline, (b) photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde, (c) reaction between aniline and benzaldehyde to form imine, and (d) photocatalytic reduction of imine to a secondary amine. The cascade protocol to synthesize secondary amine is accomplished using Bi2MoO6 and Pd nanoparticles decorated Bi2MoO6 catalysts. The surface characteristics, oxidation states, and elemental compositions of the materials are characterized by several physicochemical characterization techniques. Optoelectronic and photoelectrochemical measurements are carried out to determine the bandgap, band edge potentials, photocurrents, charge carrier's separation, etc. An excellent yield of secondary amine is achieved with simple household white LED bulbs. The catalyst also exhibits similar or even better activity in sunlight. The structure‐activity relationship is established using catalytic activity data, control reactions, physicochemical, optoelectronic characteristics, and scavenging studies. Bi2MoO6 and Pd nanoparticles decorated Bi2MoO6 exhibit excellent photostability and recyclability. The simple catalyst design with a sustainable and economical light source for the synthesis of useful secondary amine from the nitrobenzene and benzyl alcohol would attract the researchers to develop similar catalytic protocols for other industrially important chemicals.
Competing Reaction Pathways in Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Allyl Cyanide: The Chemical Nature of Surface Species
Authors: Schröder Carsten , Haugg Philipp A. , Baumann Ann‐Katrin , Schmidt Marvin C. , Smyczek Jan , Schauermann Swetlana
Published: October 2021

We present a mechanistic study on the formation of an active ligand layer over Pd(111), turning the catalytic surface highly active and selective in partial hydrogenation of an α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde acrolein. Specifically, we investigate the chemical composition of a ligand layer consisting of allyl cyanide deposited on Pd(111) and its dynamic changes under the hydrogenation conditions. On pristine surface, allyl cyanide largely retains its chemical structure and forms a layer of molecular species with the CN bond oriented nearly parallel to the underlying metal. In the presence of hydrogen, the chemical composition of allyl cyanide strongly changes. At 100 K, allyl cyanide transforms to unsaturated imine species, containing the C=C and C=N double bonds. At increasing temperatures, these species undergo two competing reaction pathways. First, the C=C bond become hydrogenated and the stable N‐butylimine species are produced. In the competing pathway, the unsaturated imine reacts with hydrogen to fully hydrogenate the imine group and produce butylamine. The latter species are unstable under the hydrogenation reaction conditions and desorb from the surface, while the N‐butylimine adsorbates formed in the first reaction pathway remain adsorbed and act as an active ligand layer in selective hydrogenation of acrolein.
Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Chemically Active Particles
Authors: Jiang Huijun , Hou Zhonghuai
Published: October 2021

Comprehensive Summary

Chemically active motion is ubiquitous in many nature and artificial systems where each unit can move directionally by converting chemical energy into kinetic energy. Since the systems are driven by activity far from equilibrium, many dynamical behaviors forbidden in equilibrium systems may be induced. Nonequilibrium dynamics of such systems is then a hot multidisciplinary topic with great challenges. Here, we review our recent theoretical advances in some fundamental problems at the single active particle level, the collective behavior level, as well as in systems where active particles act as baths.

What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?

We have focused on developments and applications of non‐equilibrium statistical methods. We are active in developing multi‐scale theories as well as modeling methods to solve puzzles in physical, chemical as well as biological complex systems. Study of dynamic behaviors of active systems as demonstrated in this review are some of the most exciting works in my group.

How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?

When I was an undergraduate student, I encountered the fascinating field of nonlinear dynamics, being deeply attracted by the interesting and beautiful concepts like fractal, soliton and chaos. Later during my graduate study under the supervision of Prof. Houwen Xin, I began my research work in nonlinear chemistry, which brought me into the interdisciplinary field of complex system. Non‐equilibrium statistical mechanics can provide powerful tools and new insights into these complex systems, finding brilliant solutions for the puzzles, making the problems simple, but not simpler.

Who influences you mostly in your life?

My supervisor Prof. Xin is no doubt the most influential person in my life. His knowledge and insights in both research and life have been a great inspiration to me even till today.

What is the most important personality for scientific research?

I would say the most important one is certainly curiosity, the never‐ending thirst of truth. Other personalities such as dedication and hardworking are also indispensable, as they may take you through a period of research journey, but it is your curiosity that drives you to devote into research for a life time.

What are your hobbies? What's your favorite book(s)?

One of my major hobby is of course acquiring new knowledge such as watching online lectures, such as MIT open courses at OpenCourseWare, again driven by my inexhaustible curiosity. Apart from that I like playing Go in my spare time.

How do you keep balance between research and family?

Well I don't think there is a ‘balance’ but rather/instead a positive feedback loop. Research and family are both things I enjoy most, so I guess I'm just dedicated to one identity at a time which lightens me in the other.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is cancer prevention for childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Brandt Heather M. , Kepka Deanna , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Daniel Casey L. , Bhatt Neel S.
Published: October 2021

Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk for developing subsequent human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated cancers. In this issue, Henderson and colleagues examine risk factors for subsequent malignant neoplasms associated with HPV among enrollees in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and report that improved, targeted efforts to increase HPV vaccination and HPV‐related surveillance among childhood cancer survivors are needed.