bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los estudios doctorales en Europa y su armonización ¿Realidad o utopía?
Authors: Toledo Lara Gustavo Eduardo
Published: August 2021

En este artículo se presenta una investigación sobre el doctorado en Europa con el objeto de analizar su armonización según los criterios orientadores impulsados desde el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). La armonización se expresa en el reconocimiento de los estudios universitarios a partir de orientaciones procedimentales para la administración curricular asumidos por todos los Estados signatarios. Sin embargo, se observan algunas diferencias: forma de considerar a los estudiantes, duración de estudios, o evaluación. Este estudio se realiza desde una perspectiva cualitativa para inferir, analizar e interpretar el sentido de los documentos. El estatus de los matriculados en el doctorado y la evaluación de estos estudios muestran una gran variedad presente en toda Europa que permite concluir que la armonización de diferentes enfoques y formas sobre el doctorado pasan por la autonomía universitaria con lo cual, la contextualización del doctorado no ha de observarse desde un patrón único, aunque sí se reconozcan procedimientos comunes. Cada Estado miembro organiza el doctorado y las universidades construyen propuestas formativas a partir de sus principios pedagógicos.
Crianza, educación socioemocional y práctica educativa en la perspectiva de agentes educativos de un jardín infantil del programa Buen Comienzo
Authors: Mesa Villa Paola Andrea , Rendón Uribe María Alexandra
Published: August 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación desarrollada en una sala cuna de un jardín infantil del programa Buen Comienzo de la ciudad de Medellín. En la investigación se analizó cómo se presentan la crianza y la educación socioemocional en las prácticas de las agentes educativas. En el marco teórico y conceptual se considera al ser humano como un individuo en continuo desarrollo que pertenece a sistemas sociales en constante interacción. Se trata de una etnografía educativa que se inscribe en el paradigma cualitativo, en la que se emplean las siguientes técnicas para la recolección de información: observación participante con registro en diario de campo y una guía de observación compuesta por dimensiones que describen prácticas educativas. Otras técnicas utilizadas fueron un cuestionario escrito y una entrevista semiestructurada, articuladas con la guía de observación, el análisis documental y el grupo de discusión. En el estudio participaron cinco agentes educativas docentes y auxiliares en primera infancia. Los hallazgos develan una estructura de prácticas de crianza extra-familiar que emergen en el rol de las agentes educativas correspondientes a prácticas híbridas entre la educación y la crianza. La educación socioemocional se ubica como un medio y no como un fin para lograr tales prácticas que son identificadas, descritas, analizadas y nombradas. Los resultados de esta investigación constituyen un asunto de interés para programas de educación inicial y profesionales de diferentes disciplinas como educación, psicología, trabajo social, entre otros.
Comprensiones de inclusión en programas de Política Pública de Primera Infancia desde el Enfoque de Capacidades humanas y Reconocimiento: Caso Buen Comienzo, Medellín
Authors: Avendaño Lopera Tatiana
Published: August 2021

A través de un estudio de caso realizado entre el 2016 y el 2018, se buscó comprender las concepciones y prácticas de inclusión presentes en la Política Pública de Primera Infancia, desde el enfoque de capacidades humanas orientado por Martha Nussbaum y el abordaje crítico de la teoría del reconocimiento de Axel Honneth. En el estudio participaron niños, familias, y funcionarios del Programa Buen Comienzo Medellín. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de revisión documental, observación no participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y técnicas interactivas. Los resultados informan que coexisten múltiples concepciones y prácticas de inclusión-exclusión; unas basadas en visiones amplias y multidimensionales que reconocen la diversidad humana; otras restringidas a ciertos grupos poblacionales o personas y; unas más, desde el desarrollo humano. Estas expanden o restringen las capacidades de los niños y niñas en las tres esferas del reconocimiento: afectiva, jurídica y social.
Poética y política en el reino de la primera infancia, y de sus maestras. Conversación con Yolanda Reyes
Authors: Flórez Atehortúa Sarah
Published: August 2021

Este artículo recorre algunos hitos de la biografía y trayectoria intelectual, política y académica de la escritora, columnista y educadora colombiana Yolanda Reyes. En él se desarrollan, de viva voz y a través de una conversación, las experiencias, preocupaciones y acciones que la condujeron a formar parte de una movilización que ha contribuido a trazar en el tiempo presente los sentidos y las formas de la educación inicial en el país. Su itinerario parte de la preocupación por los procesos que inauguran la formación en la lectura y la escritura en las instituciones escolares, discute las prácticas que priman en ese territorio y, a través del descubrimiento del universo de la literatura infantil y de sus efectos en los niños y las niñas, formaliza su apuesta por la comprensión del estímulo poético en la primera infancia como “nido” para el aprendizaje formal de la lectura y la escritura. Lo anterior la conduce a profundizar en la reflexión y en el ejercicio de formar a las maestras que trabajan en educación infantil –considerando de manera especial su mundo subjetivo–, y a incursionar en el territorio de las políticas públicas como escenario para interrumpir y revertir la brecha que las injusticias sociales producen en este momento fundante de la vida y de las relaciones con el saber. Finalmente, menciona el valor que tiene la existencia de orientaciones o lineamientos para acompañar el hacer de quienes trabajan directamente con los niños y las niñas, y plantea la necesidad de centrar las acciones venideras en la formación y el trabajo en “terreno”.
Aproximación conceptual al tema de las generaciones. Una lectura desde la Educación y la Pedagogía
Authors: Posada-Giraldo Diana María , Runge Peña Andrés Klaus
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo aborda el tema de las generaciones como cuestión de interés para la educación y la pedagogía. En el primer apartado, se ofrece una aproximación al concepto que incluye etimología, rastreo histórico para el período comprendido entre el siglo XIX y parte de la segunda década del siglo XXI, autores, campo semántico en el que se inscribe, enfoques y tensiones constitutivas. En el segundo, se alude a las relaciones intergeneracionales como un asunto signado por la memoria y el conflicto y en estrecha relación con la transmisión y la educación. En el tercero y último, se cierra con unas breves conclusiones que apuntan a que es precisamente el carácter relacional que entraña el concepto generación y su conexión intrínseca con la tradición (Molino, 2015), la transmisión, la educación, la formación y la convivencia, lo que lo hace objeto de interés para la pedagogía.
El reconocimiento de los niños y niñas como «personajes» políticos a través de las narrativas
Authors: Giraldo Castaño Cristian , Castañeda Macias Lina Marcela
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo es una síntesis de un proyecto de investigación enmarcado en la formación ciudadana. Su objetivo es analizar las posibilidades para la configuración de la subjetividad política desde las narrativas de niños y niñas de 9 y 12 años, de una institución educativa pública de Medellín. La investigación se desarrolla desde un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño biográfico-narrativo para dotar de sentido las experiencias vividas y contadas por los niños y niñas. El análisis se presenta a la luz del entramado de sentidos que despliegan las narrativas en relación con la subjetividad política. Se concluye que la posibilidad que brindan las narrativas para la configuración de dicha subjetividad es el reconocimiento de «Yo alteridad: sí mismo como otro» de los niños y las niñas.
Study of clinical outcome of patients undergoing intestinal anastomoses with single layer extramucosal technique and double layer anastomoses
Authors: Rai Arvind , J. Sukantth R.
Published: August 2021

Background: Intestinal anastomosis is one of the common surgeries for cases like bowel obstruction, incarcerated hernias, benign and malignant tumours of small and large bowel. The ideal intestinal anastomosis does not leak and allow normal function of the gastrointestinal tract. This study compared single layer versus double layer  intestinal anastomosis in terms of duration, postoperative complications like anastomotic leak.Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted in Hamidia hospital, based on history and clinical examinations and radiological examinations, placed in two groups, group A (single layer anastomosis) and group B (double layer anastomosis) and were operated by a qualified surgical specialist. Data analysis of anastomotic time, anastomotic leak was done and statistical tests of significance were applied. A p value less than 0.05 is considered as significant.Results: In group A (single layer) the time required to perform in 30 (60%) patients is between 16-20 minutes. In double layer, maximum were done in between 26 to 30 minutes, 32 (64%). In our study of 100 patients, there were 6 anastomotic leaks, of which four of them were in group A (single layer) and 2 of them in group B (double layer).Conclusions: In our study, the duration required to perform a single layer intestinal anastomosis is significantly lesser when compared to double layer. There is no significant difference in anastomotic leak between two groups. Less time with no difference in complications, a move towards single layer anastomosis should be preferred.
Effect of aqueous Extract of Terminalia bellirica fruit pulp on Alcohol affected learning in swiss albino mice
Authors: Sowmya  , VR Manohar , Rai Mohandas , Gopalakrishna H N , R Chandrashekar
Published: August 2021

To evaluate the effect of Aqueous extract of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp (AETB) on learning by Hebb William maze model in mice with acute alcohol consumption.

Swiss albino mice (n=48) of either sex weighing 20-30g will be divided into eight groups of six mice each. Drugs were given orally after 12 hours of fasting. Group I mice received 10ml/kg of Normal Saline, Group II mice received Piracetam 200mg/kg, Group III received AETB 36mg/kg, Group IV received ethanol 1.5g/kg orally, Group V received ethanol(1.5g/kg )+ piracetam (200mg/kg), Group VI mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB(9mg/kg), Group VII mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB (18mg/kg), Group VIII mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB(36mg/kg). Time taken by the animal to reach the reward chamber from the start chamber (TRC) in Hebb-William maze was used as a parameterto evaluate the learning.

Acute alcohol administration showed increase in TRC. Whereas, acute administration of Aqueous extracts of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp showed a decrease in TRC when compared to the control group. The TRC values for the groups that were administered AETB along with acute alcohol administration showed decrease in TRC values compared to the negative control.

Current study showed acute alcohol administration caused impairment of thelearning ability in mice. Whereas, acute administration of Aqueous extracts of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp (AETB)caused enhancement of learning. Pre-treatment with AETB before acute alcohol administration indicated protective action of AETB on alcohol affected learning in mice.
BID América: Vol. 24, no. 12, diciembre 1997
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

BID América cubre las tendencias del desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. Se publica 10 veces al año en castellano e inglés.
Ośrodki turystyki religijnej w Polsce i perspektywy ich rozwoju
Authors: Jackowski Antoni , Sołjan Izabela , Bilska Elżbieta
Published: August 2021

W Polsce rejestruje się ponad 500 ośrodków kultu religijnego należących do Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego, co stanowi blisko 98% chrześcijańskich ośrodków pielgrzymkowych - pozostałe związane są przede wszystkim z prawosławiem. Swoje święte miejsca posiadają też wspólnoty Żydów, a także wyznawców islamu.
Regímenes de revelación obligatoria de estructuras de planeación fiscal doméstica e internacional, antecedentes e impacto en Europa y América Latina
Authors: Massy Jessica
Published: August 2021

Este artículo hará un pequeño recorrido por los mecanismos de intercambio de información entre las Administraciones Tributarias desarrollados por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) y el G20. Dentro de ese contexto, se explicará cómo el Reporte de la Acción 12 del Plan contra la erosión de las bases gravables y la transferencia de beneficios (conocido como Plan de Acción BEPS) influenció no solo a la Unión Europea sino también a Latinoamérica en la creación de mecanismos de revelación obligatoria de planificaciones fiscales potencialmente agresivas. Para el efecto, se explicarán los aspectos más relevantes de la Directiva UE 2018 (N° 822) del 25 de marzo de 2018 del Consejo de la Unión Europea o DAC6, y de las normativas de revelación obligatoria recientemente expedidas en México y Argentina, así como los intentos fallidos de Brasil y Colombia en la creación de este tipo de mecanismos.
Tenencia de animales de compañía y aspectos culturales asociados a la exposición a zoonosis en La Coipa, Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Alberca Castillo Vilma , León Córdova Daphne , Falcon Pérez Néstor
Published: August 2021

La tenencia irresponsable de perros y gatos y el desconocimiento de las enfermedades que transmiten puede poner en riesgo la salud de las personas, y dificulta implementar programas de control. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la tenencia de animales de compañía y los conocimientos y prácticas relacionadas con la exposición a zoonosis entre pobladores del distrito La Coipa, Cajamarca, Perú, en el año de 2019. El estudio, emprendido con base en encuestas, recolectó información sobre las características de la tenencia de perros y gatos, así como los conocimientos y las prácticas con relación a la exposición a zoonosis por animales de compañía, los accidentes por mordeduras y la presencia de perros vagabundos. Se entrevistó a 280 personas: 46,4 % de zona urbana y 53,6 % de zona rural. Respectivamente, el 70,7 % y 50,7% poseían perros y gatos. La relación persona: perro fue de 3 y persona: gato de 5. La utilidad principal del perro fue de guardián y del gato fue controlador biológico de roedores. El 83,3 % de los poseedores de perros, los vacunaban contra la rabia. El 64,4 % controlaba la reproducción de perros y gatos mediante el encierro. El 60,9 % manifestó haber sufrido una mordedura de perro. El 98,2 % señaló que los perros vagabundos eran un problema y el 70 % consideraba que estos tenían dueño. Se concluye que la población estudiada requiere capacitación en tenencia de animales de compañía para mejorar el bienestar animal, así como para disminuir la exposición de las personas a zoonosis, accidentes por mordedura y contaminación ambiental.
Parto gemelar de 310 días de gestación en yegua con resultado de un potro vivo y otro en estado de autolisis
Authors: González Torres Karen Tatiana , Murillo Quevedo Ana María , Jaramillo Gómez Diego Alberto , Franco Ayala Martha Susana
Published: August 2021

Las preñeces gemelares son gestaciones de alto riesgo, tanto para la yegua como para ambos fetos. Hoy en día existen diferentes técnicas para evitar el avance de este tipo de eventos, tanto en sus inicios como en gestaciones avanzadas. Aun así, existen múltiples casos de gestaciones dobles que presentan diferentes resultados ya evidenciados. En este caso se reportó una yegua de raza polo argentino de ocho años, que llegó al Centro de Perinatología Equina Foal Care por presentar gestación gemelar de 292 días. Se prolongó la gestación durante dieciocho días más, con ayuda de terapia farmacológica. Finalmente, nació un potro vivo con múltiples complicaciones, incluyendo el hecho de ser un potro prematuro. El segundo potro nació muerto con características de momificación y autolisis. En conclusión, se requirió de un adecuado monitoreo reproductivo por parte del veterinario para prevenir el avance de este tipo de gestación.
Histological and Histochemical Description of the Pancreas in the Adult Lesser Capybara (Hydrochoerus isthmius)
Authors: Álvarez Otero Gabriel , Rojano Bolaño Cesar , Carrascal Velásquez Juan
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to describe histologically and histochemically the pancreas of three adult Hydrochoerus isthmius, attacked by feral dog in Buenavista, Córdoba, Colombia. A complete necropsy was performed and pancreatic fragments were collected and stored in 10% buffered formalin and Bouin liquid. Then, they were dehydrated, diaphanized and embedded in paraffin, stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, P.A.S., Gomori trichrome, Grimelius and Masson Fontana modified. The H. isthmius pancreas presented a duodenal mesenteric pattern. The exocrine portion was described as a composite tubuloacinar gland. The endocrine portion of the pancreas was constituted by pancreatic islets of Langerhans and a diffuse neuroendocrine system. The histological and histochemical techniques used allowed us to identify the exocrine and endocrine portion of the organ. It is suggested to complement this study with some special techniques for the identification of specific endocrine cells, such as Beta, Alpha, Delta, Epsilon, PP or Gamma.
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika ditinjau dari Perbedaan Kecerdasan Intrapersonal
Authors: Fiqih Riezka Nur , Fitriyani Harina
Published: August 2021

Kemampuan komunikasi matematis memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran matematika karena siswa harus mampu mengkomunikasikan ide matematikanya secara tulisan maupun lisan. Sedangkan untuk memahami potensi diri diperlukan kecerdasan intrapersonal yang memadai. Oleh karenanya tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika yang ditinjau dari tingkat kecerdasan intrapersonal siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan 3 orang siswa kelas VII di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kota Pangkalpinang yang masing-masing memiliki kecerdasan intrapersonal tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan angket kecerdasan intrapersonal, tes materi bangun datar yang terdiri dari 3 butir soal essay dan pedoman wawancara. Adapun analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan matematis yang paling baik ditunjukkan oleh subjek berkecerdasan intrapersonal sedang, disusul dengan subjek berkecerdasan intrapersonal rendah dan tinggi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingginya level kecerdasan intrapersonal tidak lantas berbanding lurus dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa.

Kata kunci: Komunikasi Matematis, Kecerdasan Intrapersonal, Masalah Matematika
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Candi Agung Gumuk Kancil Banyuwangi sebagai Lembar Kerja Siswa
Authors: Krismonita Marenda Dias , Sunardi Sunardi , Yudianto Erfan
Published: August 2021

Etnomatematika adalah matematika yang ditemukan dalam budaya masyarakat yang tanpa sadar telah menerapkan konsep matematika dalam budayanya. Tujuan dari penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan etnomatematika pada bangunan Candi Agung Gumuk Kancil. Subjek penelitian ini adalah satu orang penjaga candi, satu orang masyarakat yang paham tentang sejarah pembangunan candi dan satu orang yang terbiasa memugar candi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya etnomatematika pada bangunan Candi Agung Gumuk Kancil. Unsur geometri yang ditemukan meliputi: bangun datar (segitiga, persegi, persegi panjang, dan lingkaran), bangun ruang (kubus, balok, dan tabung), kesebangungan, kekongruenan, dan transformasi geometris (translasi dan refleksi). Etnomatematika pada penelitian ini akan dibuat LKS dengan materi bangun ruang sisi lengkung untuk kelas IX semester genap.

Kata kunci: Etnomatematika, Candi Agung, Geometri
Etnomatematika pada Aktivitas Pembuatan Gerabah di Desa Kesilir Wuluhan Jember sebagai Lembar Kerja Siswa
Authors: Agustin Fauziah Dwi , Sugiarti Titik , Yudianto Erfan , Priciliya Sinta , Dewi Niken Shofiana
Published: August 2021

Etnomatematika adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh sekelompok budaya dimana tanpa mereka sadari terdapat penerapan atau konsep dasar matematika di dalamnya. Kehadiran matematika yang bernuansa budaya akan memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap matematika sekolah. Tujuan adanya etnomatematika adalah untuk mengakui bahwa ada cara-cara berbeda dalam melakukan aktivitas matematika dengan mempertimbangkan pengetahuan matematika yang dikembangkan dalam berbagai sektor masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas etnomatematika apa saja yang dilakukan oleh pengrajin gerabah di desa Kesilir Wuluhan Jember dan menjadikannya sebagai lembar kerja siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada konsep matematika pada aktivitas pengrajin gerabah meliputi aktivitas menghitung, aktivitas mengukur, dan aktivitas mendesain. Etnomatematika dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat lembar kerja siswa untuk kelas VII SMP

Kata kunci: Etnomatematika, Aktivitas Pembuatan Gerabah, Lembar Kerja Siswa.
Analisis Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Tegaldlimo dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika
Authors: Dewi Ditia Puspita , Susanto Susanto , Sugiarti Titik , Munir Muhammad Habib
Published: August 2021

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Tegaldlimo dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas X RPL SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Tegaldlimo. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode tes dan wawancara. Hasil tes menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menulis berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa bervariasi yaitu rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi tinggi, 1 dari 4 siswa yang melakukan wawancara telah memenuhi semua indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis sedang, 2 dari 4 siswa yang melakukan wawancara telah memenuhi indikator menulis simbol matematika dan tanda baca, serta mampu menyajikan pemecahan masalah dalam bentuk grafik, namun terbatas pada indikator menulis gagasan dan masalah dalam pembelajaran bentuk kalimat matematika.

Kata kunci: kemampuan komunikasi matematis, sistem persamaan linier, siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan
Agroclimatic zoning of the state of Nayarit, México
Authors: Mendoza Cariño Mayra , Bautista Olivas Ana Laura , Mendoza Cariño Daniel , Ortíz Solorio Carlos Alberto , Duarte Tagles Héctor , Cruz Flores Gerardo
Published: August 2021

Agriculture productivity in the state of Nayarit has decreased since 1998. The aim of the study was to undertake the agroclimatic zoning across the state in order to determine the type of crops more convenient to render the highest yields, based on Papadakis climate classification system. Hydric and thermal characteristics pertaining to the geographic distribution of crops were used, as well as indexes derived from meteorological data provided by 25 climate stations. There were three climatic groups identified: tropical, subtropical and cold land, having four, three and two subgroups each, respectively. First two climatic groups support winter cereals such as oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rye (Secale cereale L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); and summer cereals such as corn (Zea mays L.), millet (Panicum italicum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench); in addition to banana (Musa paradisiaca L.), citrus and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.). On the other hand, corn and potato were found in the cold land climatic group. Based on Papadakis’ methodology, for each climatic sub-group identified, a set of recommendation management were given to improve yields: crop type, sowing season, irrigation, fertilizing and other agrochemicals application; and to avoid crop damage. Agroclimatic zoning map was generated by using the inverse distance weighted interpolation method. This study may contribute to the successful planning of crops across the region and thus improving the state’s economy.
Tree Resin as the Most Macroergic Constituent of Conifers – A Possible Means to Mitigate Global Warming and Climate Change
Authors: Demko Jaroslav , Machava Ján
Published: August 2021

Tree resin, which in addition to its widespread use in industry is also a macroergic component which has not yet been used for energy purposes. The main goal of this work is to determine the energy content of the resin of spruce, pine and larch and wood components – pulp and turpentine. The combustion heats of resin (MJ/kg) from each timber was determined calorimetrically. The energy values of tree resin (>38.0 MJ.kg-1) were 2.2 and 2.4 times higher than that of bleached and unbleached cellulose, the highest value was recorded for the turpentine (>39.0 MJ.kg-1). The best way of resin tapping is the America method, providing 5 kg resin ha-1 yr-1. The resin quantity tapped was raised at least 3 times applying stimulant, its production cost compared to other feedstocks was the cheapest. The tree resin can be applied as a good means to mitigate global warming and consequently dampen climate change. One tonne of tree resin burned instead of coal spares the atmosphere by 5.0 Mt CO2 since it is environmentally neutral. As resin heating values approach to the lower end of ones of liquid hydrocarbon fuels, greater efforts are needed to examine the most efficient energy use of resin.
Incidence of Malaria in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A Single-Institution Retrospective Review from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Dian Nor Diyana , Mohd Salleh Ahmad Firdaus , Rahim Mohd Amirul Fitri A. , Munajat Mohd Bakhtiar , Abd Manap Siti Nor Azreen , Ghazali Nurraffini , Hassan Noor Wanie , Idris Zulkarnain Md
Published: August 2021

While there has been a tremendous decline in malaria disease burden in the remote parts of the Malaysia, little is known about malaria incidence in its urban localities. This study aimed to analyse trends of malaria cases in urban Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. All suspected cases presented to a university hospital in Kuala Lumpur from January 2005 to December 2020 were examined by microscopy. Infection status was analysed using descriptive statistics and curve estimation analysis. Of 3105 blood films examined, 92 (3%) were microscopically confirmed malaria cases. Plasmodium vivax infections accounted for the majority (36.9%) of all malaria cases. Nearly half (47.8%) of cases were found among foreign cases (P<0.001). The majority of foreign cases were males (86.4%) and came from Southeast Asian countries (65.9%). Curve estimation analysis showed significant decreases of malaria cases due to P. vivax (R2 = 0.598; P<0.001) and Plasmodium falciparum (R2 = 0.0259, P = 0.029), but increase for Plasmodium knowlesi (R2 = 0.325, P = 0.021) during the 16 years. This study revealed that malaria incidence in urban Kuala Lumpur is low and has remained stable since 2005. However, P. knowlesi played a significant role in the increase of overall malaria in the area, highlighting the importance of continued vigilance and improved surveillance.
Improving the Efficiency of Production of Lambari and Diet Assimilation Using Integrated Aquaculture With Benthic Species
Authors: Marques Aline M. , Boaratti Andre Z. , Belmudes Dalton , Ferreira Julia R.C. , Mantoan Paulo V. L. , Valenti Patricia Moraes , Valenti Wagner C.
Published: August 2021

A single farmed fish species assimilate about 20% of the nutrients in the supplied diet. This study evaluated if the culture of complementary ecological-function species can recover nutrients dispersed into the water and transform them into high-valued biomass. A completely randomized experiment was designed with three treatments and four replications of each production system: monoculture of lambari (Astyanax lacustris); integrated aquaculture of lambari and Amazon river prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum); and integrated aquaculture of lambari, Amazon river prawn, and curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus). Fingerlings of lambari (0.8 ± 0.8 g) were stocked in twelve earthen-ponds (0.015 ha) at the density of 50 fish m-2. Eight ponds, were stocked with juveniles of Amazon river prawn (1.1 ± 0.2 g) at the density of 25 prawn m−2. Four of these eight ponds were stocked with curimbatá fingerlings (0.2 ± 0.1 g) at a density of 13 fish m-². Only lambari was fed twice a day with an extruded commercial diet. The experiment lasted 60 days when lambari attained commercial size. The inclusion of prawn increased the total species yield from 1.8 to 2.4 t ha-1cycle-1 and reduced the FCR from 2.5 to 1.8, whereas The inclusion of prawn and curimbatá increased the total yield to 3.2 t ha-1cycle-1 and reduced the FCR to 1.4. Therefore, the integrated culture of lambari, prawn, and curimbatá improves the use of space, water, feed, and benthic species can recover the large quantity of nutrients accumulated in the bottom of lambari pond production, converting them into high-nutritional and monetary-valued biomass.
Atmospheric Contamination of Coastal Cities by the Exhaust Emissions of Docked Marine Vessels: The Case of Tromsø
Authors: Zubiaga Asier , Madsen Synne , Khawaja Hassan , Boiger Gernot
Published: August 2021

Docked ships are a source of contamination for the city while they keep their engine working. Plumes emissions from large boats can carry a number of pollutants to the nearby cities causing a detrimental effect on the life quality and health of local citizens and ecosystems. A computational fluid dynamics model of the harbour area of Tromsø has been built in order to model the deposition of CO2 gas emitted by docked vessels within the city. The ground level distribution of the emitted gas has been obtained and the influence of the wind speed and direction, vessel chimney height, ambient temperature and exhaust gas temperature has been studied. The deposition range is found to be the largest when the wind speed is low. At high wind speeds, the deposition of pollutants along the wind direction is enhanced and spots of high pollutant concentration can be created. The simulation model is intended for the detailed study of the contamination in cities near the coast or an industrial pollutant source of any type of gas pollutants and can easily be extended for the study of particulate matter.
The α-Lipoic Acid Improves Hepatic Metabolic Dysfunctions in Acute Intermittent Porphyria: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Longo Miriam , Paolini Erika , Meroni Marica , Duca Lorena , Motta Irene , Fracanzani Anna L. , Di Pierro Elena , Dongiovanni Paola
Published: August 2021

Background: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is caused by haploinsufficiency of porphobilin-ogen deaminase (PBGD) enzymatic activity. Acute attacks occur in response to fasting and altera-tions in glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and mitochondrial turnover may be involved in AIP pathophysiology. Therefore, we investigated the metabolic pathways in PBGD-silenced hepatocytes and assessed the efficacy of an insulin-mimic, the α-lipoic acid (α-LA) as a potential therapeutic strategy. Methods: HepG2 cells were transfected with a siRNA targeting PBGD (siPBGD). Cells were cul-tured with low glucose concentration to mimic fasting and exposed to α-LA alone or with glu-cose. Results: At baseline, siPBGD cells showed lower expression of genes involved in glycolysis and mitochondrial dynamics along with reduced total ATP levels. Fasting further unbalanced gly-colysis by inducing ATP shortage in siPBGD cells and activated DRP1, which mediates mito-chondrial separation. Consistently, siPBGD cells in fasted state showed the lowest protein levels of Complex IV which belong to the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) machinery. α-LA up-regulated glycolysis and prompted ATP synthesis and triglyceride secretion, thus possibly providing energy fuels to siPBGD cells by improving glucose utilization. Finally, siPBGD exposed to α-LA plus glucose raised mitochondrial dynamics, OXPHOS activity and energy production. Conclusions: α-LA-based therapy may ameliorate glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dys-functions in siPBGD hepatocytes. Keywords: AIP, PBGD, glucose metabolism, mitobiogenesis, α-lipoic acid
Time-Delay Synchronization and anti-Synchronization of Variable-Order Fractional Discrete-Time of Chen-Rossler Chaotics Systems Using Variable-Order Fractional-Discrete Time PID Control
Authors: Perez P. Joel , Perez D. J. Javier , Perez Jose P. , Martinez Huerta Atilano
Published: August 2021

In this research article we solve the problem of synchronization and anti-synchronization of chaotic systems described by discrete and time-delayed variable fractional order differential equations. To guarantee the synchronization and anti-synchronization of these systems, we use the well-known PID control theory and the Lyapunov-Krasovskii stability theory for discrete systems of variable fractional order.We illustrate the results obtained through simulation with examples, in which it can be seen that our results are satisfactory, thus achieving synchronization and anti-synchronization of chaotic systems of variable fractional order with discrete time delay.
Effects of Caffeinated and Decaffeinated Coffee Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data from Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Ramli Nur Nadiah Syuhada , Alkhaldy Areej A , Mhd Jalil Abbe Maleyki
Published: August 2021

Coffee is rich in phenolic acids, such as caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid (CGA). Polyphenol-rich diets have been shown to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MeTS). Background and Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis discusses the effects of coffee consumption and its dose-response on MeTS parameters. Materials and Methods: PubMed and Scopus® were searched for relevant articles published between 2015 and 2020. This review focused on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of coffee consumption on anthropometric measurements, glycaemic indices, lipid profiles, and blood pressure. Data from relevant studies were extracted and analysed using random, fixed, or pooled effects models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Green coffee extract (GCE) supplementation (180 to 376 mg) was found to reduce waist circumference (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.39; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.10), triglyceride levels (WMD = -0.27; 95% CI: -0.43, -0.10), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (WMD = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.90), systolic blood pressure (WMD = -0.44; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.32), and diastolic blood pressure (WMD = -0.83; 95% CI: -1.40, -0.26). Decaffeinated coffee (510.6 mg) reduced the fasting blood glucose levels (WMD = -0.81; 95% CI: -1.65, 0.03). The meta-analysis showed that the intake of GCE containing 180 to 376 mg of CGA (administered in a capsule) and liquid decaffeinated coffee containing 510.6 mg of CGA improved the MeTS outcomes in study participants. Conclusions: The findings of the review suggested that the effect of coffee on MeTS parameters varies depending on the types and doses of coffee administered. A more detailed RCT on specific coffee doses (with adjustment for energy and polyphenol intake) and physical activity is needed to further confirm the observed outcomes.
Overview Of Approaches to Improve Rhizoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils
Authors: Alotaibi Fahad , Hijri Mohamed , St-Arnaud Marc
Published: August 2021

Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) has become a global concern in the word due to intensification of industrial activities. This creates a serious environmental issue, therefore there is a need to find solutions, including application of efficient remediation technologies, or to improve current techniques. Rhizoremediation is a sub-category of the phytoremediation which refers to Phytomanagement that uses plants and their associated microbiota. These green technologies have received a global attention as a cost-effective and possible efficient remediation technique that can be applied to cleanup PHCs-polluted soils. The mechanism of rhizoremediation process is that plant roots stimulate soil microbes to mineralize organic contaminants to H2O and CO2. However, this multipartite interaction is much complex because many biotic and abiotic factors can influence microbial processes in the soil, making the efficiency of rhizoremediation unpredictable. This review reports the progress made on rhizoremediation approaches that can overcome the limitations and improve the efficiency of PHCs-contaminated soils. The addressed approaches in this review include: 1) selecting plants with desired characteristics suitable for rhizoremediation, 2) the exploitation and manipulation of plant microbiome by using inoculant containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or hydrocarbon-degrading microbes, or a combination of both types of organisms, and 3) enhancement of the understanding of how host-plant assembles a beneficial microbiome, and how it functions, under pollutant stress.
Self-Organized Criticality of Traffic Flow
Authors: Laval Jorge
Published: August 2021

This paper shows that the kinematic wave model exhibits self-organized criticality when initialized with random initial conditions around the critical density. This has several important implications for traffic flow in the capacity state, such as: \item jam sizes obey a power law distribution with exponents 1/2, implying that both the mean and variance diverge to infinity, \item self-organization is an intrinsic property of traffic flow models in general, independently of other random perturbations, \item this critical behavior is a consequence of the flow maximization objective of traffic flow models, which can be observed on a density range around the critical density that depends on the length of the segment, \item typical measures of performance are proportional to the area under a Brownian excursion, and therefore are given by different scalings of the Airy distribution, \item traffic in the time-space diagram forms self-affine fractals where the basic unit is a triangle, in the shape of the fundamental diagram, containing 3 traffic states: voids, capacity and jams.
Surgery Treatment of an Adult Patient with Camurati-Engelmann Disease
Authors: Saboya Fernando , Medina Adriana , Cadavid Sergio , Fuentes Ruben , Jiménez-Canizales Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Case:

A 40-year-old Colombian woman presented with a 7-year history of progressive lower-limb pain. Sclerosis of the diaphyseal tibia and femur was observed in her latest x-ray images. A narrowing of the medullary canal is observed in Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED), a rare and progressive diaphyseal dysplasia that was confirmed in this patient by genetic testing. Medical treatment was unsuccessful; thus, surgical treatment consisted of decompression by drilling of the medullary canal was performed, achieving successful pain release.

Conclusion:

Surgical treatment should be considered for patients with CED when the medical treatment is unsuccessful because doing so reduces bone overgrowth, leading to pain relief.
Implementation Of Halal Value Chain In Business In Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Dzikrulloh Dzikrulloh , Koib Ahmad
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the implementation of the halal value chain in the Islamic Boarding School business. In this article, the focus of the study is on the oyster mushroom business, starting from the process of cultivating oyster mushrooms to being processed food, and the sales process at the Nurul Amanah Islamic Boarding School, Basanah, Bangkalan.This type of study is a qualitative study with observational study methods. While the data collection methods were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation.The results of the study on the application of the halal value chain at the Nurul Amanah Islamic Boarding School Bangkalan indicate that the input process for making oyster mushroom raw materials, processing oyster mushrooms into mushroom chips, and product marketing processes. The input process for making oyster mushrooms starts from providing a place, making planting media, making baglog and sterilizing processes, making mushroom seeds and sowing seeds, maintenance, and harvesting. Then the management process into mushroom chips starts from the ingredients, the frying process, drying, product packaging and marketing stages. Everything is in accordance with Indonesian Government Regulation No. 31 of 2019 concerning Implementing Regulations of Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Guaranteed Halal Products and a List of Non-Critical Materials (Halal Positive List of Materials) for its supporting materials. It can be concluded that the Nurul Amanah Islamic Boarding School has implemented a halal value chain.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCING ON THE VALUE OF SHARIA BANKS WITH PROFITABILITY AS INTERVENING VARIABLES
Authors: Azizuddin Imam
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of NUC and NCC financing on Sharia commercial banks' value using variable profitability as variable intervening. The data used in exploring the impact of this financing is obtained from the financial statements issued by OJK with data from 2016-2019. The data analysis used in this study uses path analysis. This study shows that nuc has a significant effect on profitability but has no significant impact on the value of sharia banks. In contrast to the NCC results that have absolutely no significant impact on Sharia banks' profitability and value. This study also provides information that nuc has no effect on the importance of sharia banks with profitability as variable intervening, in contrast to NCC, which affects the value of sharia banks with profitability as variable intervening.
Analysis Of The Comparative Islamic Economic Thinking Between Abu Yusuf, Ibnu Taimiyah And Ibnu Khaldun
Authors: Aini Qurratul
Published: August 2021

Islam has given much thought to the theory of the islamic economy such as ABU Joseph, ibn taimiyah and ibn khaldun of the three figures, before even the conventional economy presents the theory. In this study the authors would like to examine the differences and similarities between the thinking of Joseph's ashes, ibn taimiyah and ibn khaldun. Because the study examines the thoughts of former figures whose data are derived from such regulars as scientific books, scientific journals and web scientific studies make it a library study. The results show that the equations of ABU yusuf, ibn taimiyah, and ibn khaldun are both focused on public finance and the price mechanesme. And ibn taimiyah and ibn khaldun besides focusing on public finance and equal-price mechanisms are also focused on the concept of money. The difference in ABU Joseph's mind is that he does not focus on the concept of money, the role of hisbah and the theory of production, and ibn taimiyah does not focus on the theory of production, and ibn khaldun does not focus on the role of hisbah.
Ta’awun based muhammadiyah solidarity buying To support the economy resilient of street vendors during covid-19 period in north lampung
Authors: Prihatmojo Agung , Badawi Badawi , Nugroho Purna Bayu
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of solidarity buying on the economic resilience of street vendors' families during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Determination of the subject using purposive to be determined according to the purpose of the study. The subjects in this study amounted to 5 street vendors in Kotabumi, North Lampung. The technique of collecting data is semi-structured interview. Data analysis technique with steps of data reduction, data presentation, and verification. Testing the validity of the data using data triangulation. The results of the ta'awun-based Solidarity buying research were able to increase the income of street vendors during the pandemic. The income of street vendors can increase not only from the profit of buying and selling but from the ta'awun of buyers who often overspend or give alms. Ta'awun really helps street vendors in setting aside money to pay debts. Ta'awun Muhammadiyah activities in North Lampung during the pandemic also helped fulfill the food needs of street vendors, namely the distribution of free basic-necessities to street vendors.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIRTUAL REALITY TENTANG PERKAPALAN DAN STRATEGI PEPERANGAN LAUT DALAM CERITA RAKYAT JOKOTOLE PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP NEGERI 1 PASEAN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Dellia Prita , Amil Ahmad Jami'ul
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran bahasa, sastra, dan pengajarannya berbasis Virtual Reality untuk keterampilan menulis dengan tujuan memudahkan proses pembelajaran sastra dan transfer pengetahuan lokal tentang kapal dan strategi peperangan laut dengan perawatan, pemahaman cerita Jokotole dan menghadapi persoalan yang dijumpai ya dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan lokal. Desain pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Research and Development, ada tujuh tahapan penelitian yaitu, identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan informasi, desain produk, uji coba produk, revisi desain, validasi desain, dan revisi produk. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebagai berikut; (1) Penyusunan media (story board) yang bersumber dari legenda Jokotole khusus pada perkapalan dan peperangan, software yang digunakan adalah unity, Kemudian episode terbatas pada lima kejadian. Strategi peperangan laut memuat pengaruh atas kewibawaan tokoh Jokotole dan pengaruhnya karena kepandaiannya dalam merebut hati masyarakat Madura Pengembangan menggunakan Virtual Reality yang dinamakan Jokotole A Perang. Sedangkan Pada aspek teknologi perkapalan dan alat perang penggunaan celurit, golok, dan cemeti. Tidak lupa kapal (cadik) menjadi ala transportasi untuk melakukan perlawanan, (2) Proses pembelajaran sastra menggunakan VR membuat siswa lebih bersemangat, dan memudahkan mereka dalam menulis kaitannya dengan penggalian ide, karena media tersebut sangat atraktif. Selain itu, media VR bisa dijadikan alternatif utama dalam pembelajaran sastra sub pokok menuliskan kembali isi cerita rakyat.
Bauran Promosi Pada Dealer Yamaha Tretan Motor Dengan Pendekatan Mixed Methods
Authors: Ningsih Intan Yullia , Arief Mohammad
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine whether the promotional mix consisting of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations and direct marketing affects purchasing decisions. The research method used in this research is mixed methods, which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The data collection strategy used sequential explanatory, namely research with two stages. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results show that in quantitative research all each variable consisting of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations and direct marketing has a significant effect on purchasing decision variables and this quantitative research is supported by a qualitative approach, namely in the form of a promotional mix applied to dealers. Yamaha Tretan Motor.