bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penyuluhan Dampak Mental Kekerasan Rumah Tangga Di Kecamatan Kerambitan Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Paramitha Ni Made Ayu Susanthi Pradnya , Arini Ni Wayan , Kantriani Ni Ketut , Swarthini Ni Nyoman Ayu , Kartika Luh Gede Surya
Published: April 2024

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) adalah masalah umum yang mempengaruhi individu dari berbagai usia, latar belakang sosial, dan keadaan ekonomi. Hal ini mencakup berbagai perilaku kekerasan ekonomi, seksual, emosional, dan fisik yang terjadi dalam hubungan dekat, seperti pernikahan atau koneksi keluarga. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tista Kabupaten Tabanan pada Mei 2023. Penyuluhan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga berupaya meningkatkan pemahaman tentang dampak psikologis kekerasan dalam rumah tangga terhadap orang-orang, terutama korban dan pelaku kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, serta masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Tujuan dari penyuluhan ini adalah untuk mendidik masyarakat, terutama korban, tentang dampak psikologis dari kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, seperti kecemasan, kesedihan, PTSD, dan masalah psikologis lainnya. Selain itu, masyarakat diedukasi tentang perlunya mencegah kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan metode pencegahan khusus untuk mengurangi dampaknya. Inisiatif penyuluhan ini diupayakan untuk membantu mengedukasi masyarakat pelaku kekerasan rumah tangga agar mampu memodifikasi perilaku mereka dengan menjelaskan implikasi psikologis negatif dari tindakan mereka. Hasil dari observasi akhir menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak terdapat peluang kegiatan sejenis yang perlu dan penting untuk dilakukan guna mengurangi jumlah dan dampak dari kekerasan dalam rumah tangga.
حاشية من حواشي المصابيح لمولى الموالي عثمان بن حاجي بن محمد الهروي ت (856هـ) كتاب العلم - دراسة و تحقيق -
Authors: شاكر مروه سري , صالح عبد خالد حمادة
Published: April 2024

فإن الله تعالى قد هيأ لهذه الأمة علماء ربانيين، حفظوا حديث نبيه محمد ﷺ في دواوين ألفوها في السنن والأحكام، والحلال والحرام، وما جاء عنه ﷺ في فضائل الأعمال ونفائس الأحوال الداعية إلى طرق الخير وسبل الرشاد، وما دعا إليه من مكارم الأخلاق ومحاسن الآداب.وكان كتاب "مصابيح السنة" للإمام محيي السنة، شيخ الإسلام البغوي أجمع كتاب صنف في بابه، وأضبط لشوارد الأحاديث وأوابدها وهو الكتاب الذي عكف عليه المتعبدون، واشتغل بتدريسه الأئمة المعتبرون، وأقر بفضله وتقديمه الفقهاء المحدثون، وهو كتاب مبارك، وفيه علم جم من سنن رسول الله ﷺ ، ناهزت أحاديثه الخمسة آلاف حديث، أحسن الإمام في ترتيبها، وفاق ترتيبه للكتب كثيراً من كتب الحديث المصنفة، فإنه وضع دلائل الأحكام على نهج يستحسنه الفقيه، فوضع الترغيب والترهيب على ما يقتضيه العلم، ولو فكر أحد في تغيير باب عن موضعه لم يجد له موضعا أنسب مما اقتضى رأيه ، وقد كثرت عناية العلماء بهذا الكتاب الجليل، وتنوعت الشروح والتعليقات والتخريجات عليه بلغت اكثر من اربعين شرحاً وحاشية، وكان من بين تلك الشروح: هذا الشرح المبارك الموسوم بـ: (حاشية من حواشي المصابيح) لمولى الموالي عثمان بن حاجي بن محمد الهروي الحنفي ت ( بعد سنة 856هـ) ، موضوع الدراسة والتحقيق.
مواطن الإقتران بين الإنذار والتّبشير في القرآن الكريم
Authors: مصطفى حسن خالد , قادر أيوب طه
Published: April 2024

يُقدّم القرآن الكريم معلومات هامّة عن طريق  أمثلته  في الاقتران الحقيقي بين أنواع التبشير والإنذار، حيث يحتوي البحث على بيان وإبراز آيات الذكر الحكيم، وإنَّ الله تعالى قدَّم التبشير على الإِنذار؛ تكريمًا للمؤمنين المبشرين، وإشعارًا بأنّ الأصل في رسالته (صلى الله عليه وسلم) التبشير، فقد أرسله الله تعالى رحمة للعالمين، وإزالة ما لا ينبغي مقدم في الرتبة على فعل ما ينبغي، وذكـر المنذر به، لتهويله وتعميمه؛ حتى يزداد خوفهم وإقبالهم على الدين الحق، الذي يؤدي اتّباعـه إلى النجاة مـن العذاب، وخصّ التّبشير بالمؤمنين، لأنّهم وحدهم المستحقون له، بخلاف الإِنذار فإنّه يشمل المؤمن والكافر، وذكر تعالى في جانب التبشير المبشر به، وهو حصولهم على المنزلة الرفيعة عندربهم لكي تقوى رغبتهم في طاعته، ومحبتهم لعبادته، وبذلك ينالون ما بشرهم به.
((الخلوة في الشريعة اليهودية))
Authors: صالح العزاوي خالد عبيد , مهدي أسيل صالح
Published: April 2024

إن الشريعة اليهودية في الأصل شريعة العبرانيين المعروفين بالأسباط من بني إسرائيل الذي أرسل الله إليهم موسى عليه السلام مؤيداً بالتوراة، واليهودية ديانة منسوبة إلى يهودا الشعب، وأن هذه التسمية قد أختلف في أصلها، وقد تكون نسبة إلى يهوذا أحد أبناء يعقوب عليه السلام وعممت على الشعب على أسلوب التغليب,
    اليهود لهم مصادر يستمدون منها عقيدتهم ومنهجهم, وهذه المصادر هي التوراة والكتب الملحقة بها، والتلمود ويضاف إليهما البروتوكولات لدى الصهاينة في العصر الحديث, والمتصوفون من اليهود يختلفون عن المتصوفين من الشرائع الأخرى, فالطابع الغالب على هؤلاء هو الزهد في الدنيا والتقرب إلى الله بالعبادة, والعمل لتقرب من الله تعالى هو إسقاط كل شر من حياتهم والانسلاخ عن ملذات الحياة, والوصل الدائم مع الله بالعبادات والذكر, ويعتبرون حالة الذكر والعبادة تلهيهم عن التفكير بالشر وتطيب أنفسهم وتذكيها.
مفهوم المكلَّف عند أبي حامد الغزالي (ت 505) في نظريته للتكليف العقدي	دراسـة وصفية تحليلية.
Authors: قادر مهدي أحمد , رشيد أيوب سليمان
Published: April 2024

هذا البحث مخلص لأطروحة الدكتوراه الموسومة ب:(نظرية التكليف العقدي عند أبي حامد الغزالي المتوفى (505ه) ) دراسـة وصفية تحليلية، يظهر خلال هذا البحث أن عقيدة الغزالي كان قائمة على إجلال الله تعالى وكماله، وتعظيم أمره ونهيه، إلاّ أن الغزالي في آيات الصفات ذهب إلى ما ذهب إليه شيخه أبو الحسن الأشعري، بل كان أئمةً من أبرز أئمة الأشاعرة، وأكثرهم محارباً لأفكار المضلّة والهدامة، وألف في مذهبه العقيدة كتب عدة منها المقصد الأسنى في شرح الأسماء الحسنى، قواعد العقائد، الاقتصاد في الاعتقاد، إلجام العوام في علم الكلام، وأما في أفعاله تعالى ومداره وجد الباحث أن الغزالي قرر بأن أفعال العباد مخلوقة لله تعالى، وأنها مكتسبة للعباد، وأنها مرادة لله تعالى، وأنه متفضل بالخلق والاختراع، وأن له تعالى تكليف ما لا يطاق، وأن له إيلام البريء ولا يجب عليه رعاية الأصلح، وكما ظهر في السابق أن الغزالي قرر أنه يجوز لله تعالى أن لا يكلف عباده، وأنه يجوز أن يكلفهم ما لا يطاق، وأنه يجوز منه إيلام العباد بغير عوض وجناية؛ وكما قرر أنه لا يجب عليه ثواب الطاعة وعقاب المعصية، وأن العبد لا يجب عليه شيء بالعقل بل بالشرع، وأنه لا يجب على الله بعثه الرسل بل جائزة، وأنه لو بعث لم يكن قبيحاً ولا محالاً بل أمكن إظهار صدقهم بالمعجزة.
الحكومة البلجيكية المؤقتة (1830 – 1831)
Authors: ابراهيم الجنابي ليث محمد , أحمد الاحبابي أسماء حافظ
Published: April 2024

شهدت بلجيكا في النصف الاول من القرن التاسع عشر، واحدة من اهم الفترات التي شهدها تاريخها، ففي عام 1830 قامت فيها الثورة البلجيكية التي استطاع الشعب البلجيكي بقيادة الثوار من انهاء السيطرة الهولندية وبداية حقبة جديدة في تاريخه، وفي العام نفسه تشكلت الحكومة البلجيكية المؤقتة التي اخذت على عاتقها أجراء الانتخابات البلجيكية الاولى ووضع دستور للدولة الجديدة، واستطاعت هذه الحكومة من تحقيق جميع الاهداف التي سعت على تحقيقها، كانت الحكومة المؤقتة تتألف من عدة لجان ومن أهمها اللجنة المركزية وكانت تتألف من 10 أعضاء وهي عبارة عن هيئة جماعية حتى انها لم تحتكم الى رئيس دائم بل الى رئيس مؤقت، ولجنة داخلية ولجنة حربية واللجنة المالية ولجنة العدل، وإدارة السلامة العامة، واللجنة الدبلوماسية، فضلاً عن اللجان والمفوضيات الاخرى، وكل لجنة من هذه اللجان كان لها بصمة مميزة في تاريخ بلجيكا منذ عام (1830 – 1831).
دور برنامج اتفاقية الحدود الجديدة في تطور التعليم في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية (1961 – 1963)
Authors: جاسم الجنابي غفار جبار , محمد سبع الحمداني ندى صالح
Published: April 2024

اهتمت الولايات المتحدة الامريكية اهتماما كبيرا بالتعليم، اذ كان التعليم العامل الرئيس فيها لتحسين وضع الفرد والمجتمع، وذلك يعود الى التزامها بمبدأ تساوي الفرص الى اقصى ما تسمح به إمكانياتهم، هذا ما شجعه في الالتحاق بالتعليم، إذ اهتمت الادارة الامريكية بالتربية والتعليم من جميع المستويات وجعلته مثالا يحتذى به لامتداد الموروث الأمريكي، إذ شكل التعليم مسألة امن قومي لدى الولايات المتحدة الامريكية، واحدث تحولات جذرية منذ تأسيسه مما اثر على التغيرات في الحياة الاجتماعية الامريكية وثقافة المجتمع الأمريكي
Assessment of Electric-Pump-Fed Nuclear Thermal Propulsion for Near-Term Missions
Authors: Aueron Alexander , Dale Thomas Lawrence
Published: April 2024

This paper describes an analysis of the viability of electric-pump-fed nuclear thermal propulsion (EPFS NTP) for space missions. EPFS is an alternative to the turbopumps typically employed by high-impulse rocket engines, but it is not yet clear if they are suitable for this application. The method employed by this analysis utilizes the rocket equation to determine whether EPFS NTP spacecraft are capable of delivering payloads to Jupiter and Saturn, subject to the mass and geometry constraints imposed by near-term launch vehicles. The analysis found that 7.5 klbf EPFS NTP can deliver up to 3000 kg to Jupiter and 2000 kg to Saturn, and that spacecraft with higher thrust EPFS NTP engines deliver smaller payloads. This analysis provides confidence that EPFS NTP can enable a space mission of interest, and therefore EPFS can be considered as an alternative to turbomachinery for near-term NTP engine development.
Challenges of Teaching and Learning under Lockdown at Wits University: Implications for the Future of Blended Learning
Authors: Wagner Fezile , Masango Mxolisi , Moch Shirra , Krull Greig , Wagner Ryan G. , Dison Laura , Grayson Diane
Published: April 2024

In response to social distancing regulations of 2020 aimed at curbing the spread of the COVID-19 virus, universities had to rapidly transition from face-to-face learning to Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL). University students and staff faced many barriers to reliably accessing online platforms, together with widespread psychosocial challenges associated with the pandemic. This article reports on these challenges, juxtaposing the experiences of university staff members and students at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Wits). This study used a mixed methods design and drew on two university-wide surveys for staff and one for students, followed by in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). Of those invited, 9% of the student body and 7% of staff responded, with 43 students and 22 staff members participating in the interviews and discussions. Three overarching challenges emerged for both staff and students: 1) physical limitations, including poor access to reliable internet, compounded by persistent power outages; 2) pedagogicalchallenges as staff and students adjusted to a new learning modality; and 3) balancing aspects of personal life and wellbeing with work and studies, including remaining productive while contending with family responsibilities and emotional challenges brought about by the pandemic. The study highlights several issues, including structural considerations and the importance of promoting a sense of community and belonging, that should be considered as the University transitions to blended learning.
An Assessment Study of the National Archives and Records Management System (NARMS) at Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS)
Authors: Motlhasedi Nna
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the National Archives and Records Management System (NARMS) at Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS). The study specifically sought to explore metadata management practices and evaluate the infrastructure for digital records keeping. The study adopted a qualitative research design and used a purposive sampling technique to select study respondents. For data collection, the study adopted the use of a self-administered questionnaire, scheduled interviews and document analysis, whereas, for data analysis, the study employed a thematic analysis approach. The study’s major finding is that metadata management is done manually by designated officers (records managers and archivists). It is, therefore, recommended that BNARS consider transformation that would automate some aspects of specifically born-digital records’ metadata to improve and sustain reliable metadata and the authenticity of records.
Sistem Pemilahan Barang Berdasarkan Deteksi Label Menggunakan Vision Sensorr
Authors: Henry Carolus , Mulyadi Melisa , Ghozali Theresia , Wijayanti Linda , Indriati Kumala
Published: April 2024

Pemilahan barang berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan label kemasan merupakan proses penting dalam melakukan pengendalian kualitas produksi di industri. Banyak industri masih melakukan proses pemilahan dan pemeriksaan label secara manual, yang mengakibatkan tingkat produktivitas rendah dan rentan terhadap kesalahan manusia. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem otomasi untuk pemilahan barang berdasarkan pemeriksaan label menggunakan vision sensor, programmable logic controller (PLC), dan lengan robot. Sistem yang dikendalikan oleh  PLC akan membaca dan mendeteksi kerusakan pada label kemasan dengan bantuan vision sensor VeriSens dan memilahnya menggunakan lengan robot sesuai dengan kategori stock keeping unit (SKU) yang telah ditentukan, yaitu SKU 1, SKU 2, SKU 3, SKU 4, dan barang reject. Sistem pneumatik digunakan sebagai aktuator dalam mendorong barang ke konveyor, menggerakkan lengan robot dengan tiga derajat kebebasan serta vakum. Deteksi dilakukan dengan menerapkan konsep deteksi tepi untuk membaca teks, gambar, dan kode yang diolah kembali dengan software VeriSens Application Suite. Tingkat keberhasilan sistem pemilahan barang mencapai 90% dengan kecepatan baca sebesar 0,389 detik dan durasi proses kerja berkisar antara 21,54 detik hingga 28,99 detik.
Associação entre aleitamento materno e quociente de inteligência em adolescentes da Coorte de Nascimentos de São Luís, 1997/1998
Authors: Santos Kezia Cristina Batista dos , Aristizabal Liliana Yanet Gomez , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre o aleitamento materno e o quociente de inteligência (QI) de adolescentes pertencentes a Coorte de Nascimento de São Luís de 1997-1998. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo longitudinal, realizado em 2016, com 301 adolescentes aos 18 e 19 anos. A variável de exposição foi o aleitamento materno e a variável de desfecho foi o QI, mensurado em pontos, a partir da Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Adultos. Regressões lineares múltiplas foram realizadas para obtenção de coeficientes ajustados no software R 4.3.1. Resultados: A média do QI dos adolescentes foi 99,7 pontos ± 11,2. O tempo médio de aleitamento materno em meses foi 3,26 meses ± 3,34. Na análise bruta não foi identificada associação estatisticamente significativa entre o aleitamento materno e o QI dos adolescentes. O resultado se manteve mesmo após ajuste aos fatores de confundimento para amamentados até um mês (1,55; IC% -3,25;6,63), dois a três meses (0,55; IC95% -4,99;6,11), quatro a seis meses (2,89; IC95% -2,36;8,14) e mais de seis meses (-1,97; IC95% -8,37;4,42), alguma vez amamentado (1,42; IC95% -3,33;6,19) e aleitamento materno exclusivo (0,70; IC95% -2,46;3,88). Conclusão: O resultado do estudo mostrou que o aleitamento materno não está associado ao QI dos adolescentes nessa amostra.
Prevalência do suicídio e tentativa de suicídio na 14ª regional de saúde do estado do Paraná
Authors: Neves Igor Fernando , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência do suicídio e tentativa de suicídio na 14ª regional de saúde do estado do Paraná-Brasil. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, transversal, quantitativo das notificações compulsórias de suicídios e tentativas de suicídio da região noroeste do Paraná, entre 2018 e 2022. Resultados: Em relação ao sexo, 526 (67,44%) notificações das tentativas de suicídio são no sexo feminino e 91 (78,45%) no sexo masculino. Já em relação a raça/cor, há um maior número de notificações em pessoas brancas, isto é, 425 (54,49%) e 66 (56,90%). Quanto a faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos é a que mais possui registros de tentativas de suicídio 318 (40,77%) e suicídio 50 (43,10%). Ademais, em relação aos métodos de perpetração e/ou meios de agressão mais utilizados em relação as tentativas de suicídio, há um maior número de registros de autolesão provocada, 666 (85,38%) e em relação ao suicídio, os métodos com maior número de registros, foi o enforcamento 88 (75,86%). Conclusão: O estudo demonstra grande probabilidade de efetivação do suicídio em homens, com meios de perpetração com alto grau de letalidade. Já uma grande probabilidade de tentativas de suicídio em mulheres, em especial como método de automutilação.
Advancements in vacuum therapy for musculoskeletal wound care: A comprehensive analysis of chronic wounds and acute injuries
Authors: Tayyib Nahla A.
Published: April 2024

Musculoskeletal wounds are challenging to treat. Vacuum therapy (VT), based on the principle of applying negative pressure to a wound, has gained popularity as an adjunctive treatment modality for musculoskeletal wounds. Clinical studies have shown that VT improves wound bed preparation, reduces wound size, accelerates healing rates, and decreases time to wound closure. It is also associated with a lower risk of wound complications, such as infection, dehiscence, and seroma formation. The integration of VT into a comprehensive wound management approach has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with musculoskeletal wounds. This review provides a comprehensive overview of VT for musculoskeletal wound care. The review discusses the current practices, mechanism of action, benefits, risks, and future directions of VT. The review concludes that VT is a valuable tool for the treatment of musculoskeletal wounds, and that it is safe and effective for most patients.
تحليل سوسيولوجي لتصورات دوافع العمل لدى الشباب وعلاقته بالبطالة: دراسة ميدانية بانقوسة – الجزائر
Authors: مسعودي عبدالباسط , المهدي بن عيسى محمد
Published: April 2024

جاءت هذه الدراسة لإيجاد طرح سوسيولوجي لظاهرة العمل والبطالة بعيدا عن التحليل الاقتصادي والسياسي ، حيث أعطت بعدا اجتماعيا انطلاقا من الفرد بالتحديد من تصوراته لهاتين الظاهرتين ، وبما يحمله من معاني ومعارف وخبرات اجتماعية اتجاه العمل والبطالة ، تجعله يعطي مواقف وأفعال وتفاعلات تمكنه من تجاوز البطالة و وعيه بالعمل أو فقدان الوعي بهما حيث لا يكون قادر على تجاوز البطالة ، ويمكن من هنا أن يفقد الثقة بذاته و يِؤدي به هذا الى الانتحار أو لسلبيات اجتماعية أخرى مرتبطة بالبطالة ، كما أن المقاربة النظرية التي نتبعها لا تقدم حلولا للظواهر بل تحاول إعطاء نماذج اجتماعية نحددها بمؤشرات و أبعاد وحين تحديدها يمكن أن يحدث نفس النموذج الاجتماعي أي التنبؤ بالوقائع الاجتماعية ، ودراسة الحالة من أحد المناهج أو الادوات المنهجية الملائمة للمقاربة النظرية التي عالجت موضوعنا هذا ، كما نركز على أن العمل أحد الطرق لتحقيق الترتيب اجتماعي و بأي نوع من المهن والوظائف التي يراها أو تتبادر للفرد بأنها تحقق له هذا الترتيب  في مجاله الاجتماعي والعمراني الذي يتفاعل فيه ، أو بطرق أخرى خارج مجال العمل.
معتقدات معلمات اللغة العربية نحو توظيف التعلم النشط بمدارس التعليم الأساسي بالحلقة الأولى في سلطنة عمان
Authors: السعيدي حميد مسلم , اليزيدي عارف ربيعة
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على معتقدات معلمات اللغة العربية نحو توظيف التعلم النشط بمدارس التعليم الأساسي بالحلقة الأولى في سلطنة عمان، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي، وذلك بإعداد أداة الاستبانة، مكونة من (27) عبارة موزعة على خمسة محاور هي: التخطيط للتعلم النشط، استراتيجيات التعلم النشط، تنفيذ التعلم النشط، أدوار الطلبة في التعلم النشط، التقويم للتعلم النشط، وبعد التحقق من صدق الأداة وثباتها تم تطبيقها على عينة بلغت (106) من المعلمات. وقد كشفت نتائج الدراسة مستوى معتقدات معلمات اللغة العربية نحو توظيف التعلم النشط بمدارس التعليم الأساسي بسلطنة عمان جاءت بمستوى موافق بشدة. كما كشفت الدراسة عن عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α = 0.05) في مستوى معتقدات معلمات اللغة العربية نحو توظيف التعلم النشط تعزى لمتغيرات المؤهل العلمي، والخبرة المهنية. وأوصى الباحثان بضرورة تدريب المعلمات على توظيف التعلم النشط في الموقف الصفي، وحث المشرفين التربويين على متابعة توظيف التعلم النشط في الموقف الصفي.
أثر رواية القصة الرقمية على الدافعية والتحصيل الدراسي في تدريس المفاهيم العلمية لدى أطفال مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة
Authors: الجابرية نجمة ناصر
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس أثر رواية القصة الرقمية على الدافعية والتحصيل الدراسي في تدريس المفاهيم العلمية لدى أطفال مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة، وتم الاعتماد على التصميم شبه التجريبي لتحقيق أهداف هذه الدراسة، وتكونت عينة البحث من (40) طفلاً من مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة، حيث تكونت كل مجموعة من (20) طفلًا، وتم اختيار العينة عشوائيًا، وتحديدًا (العينة العشوائية المنتظمة)، وقامت الباحثة بتصميم رواية القصة الرقمية في مرحلة المعالجة التجريبية، وذلك بعد أن قامت باختيار أحد المفاهيم العلمية من المنهج الوطني لمرحلة ما قبل المدرسة، وأسفرت النتائج عن وجود فرق في التحصيل الدراسي بين الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وهذا يدل على الأثر الفاعل لاستخدام رواية القصة الرقمية في تدريس المفاهيم العلمية لهذه المرحلة، كما تم تطبيق مقياس الدافعية لعينة البحث، والتي أسفرت نتائجها إلى ارتفاع مستوى الدافعية لتعلُّم المفاهيم العلمية بعد استخدام رواية القصص الرقمية لتقديم هذه المفاهيم العلمية، وهذا يدل على فاعلية هذه الطريقة في جذب انتباه الأطفال وزيادة تركيزهم ودافعيتهم، وإعطاء المعنى لهذه المفاهيم العلمية.
The Concept of ‘Supernaturalism’ in British and American Fiction: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ali Areej Mohammed Mubarak
Published: April 2024

Supernatural fiction invites the reader to a world of mystery and imagination raising questions   and sometimes doubts about the reality of this world. As it tempts the reader to explore the “unknown”, it tends to emphasize the possibility of the existence of vague worlds and issues beyond human mind and science. However, this possibility remains a hypothesis because it is always accompanied by a feeling of “uncertainty” which raises our doubts and made us skeptic about the existence and reality of this world.  The same supernatural literary works tackle social, religious, and scientific issues as well as posing questions about its reliability which is another form of skepticism.  This research argues that Skepticism is not far from the Gothic literary works, it presents various cases of “skepticism” in different supernatural literary works: The Rime of the ancient Mariner (1798), Frankenstein (1818), Young Goodman Brown (1835), The Fall of the House of Usher (1839). Each case of skepticism differs from the other in its form, the circumstances that created it, the purpose behind using it, and the conclusion it ends in. So, analyzing “Skepticism” its existence, different forms and contexts, and connection to Gothic fiction is the main motive of this research.
Ag co-catalyst prepared by ultrasonic reduction method for efficient photocatalytic conversion of CO2 with H2O using ZnTa2O6 photocatalyst
Authors: Kawata Kio , Iguchi Shoji , Naniwa Shimpei , Tanaka Tsunehiro , Nishimoto Masamu , Teramura Kentaro
Published: April 2024

Toward the realization of carbon neutrality by utilizing renewable energy sources, photocatalytic conversion of CO2 with H2O, known as artificial photosynthesis, should be important because H2O is harmless and an abundant source of protons for CO2 reduction. Many researchers focusing on the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 have revealed that the Ag nanoparticle was an effective co-catalyst for the selective conversion of CO2 to CO in water. To improve the activity for the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 in water, it is important to modify the surface of the photocatalysts to load small Ag nanoparticles with high dispersity, which is difficult when using conventional methods. In this study, the ultrasonic reduction (USR) method was used as an advanced modification method of photocatalysts with the Ag co-catalyst. We found that Ag/ZnTa2O6 prepared by the USR method showed good selectivity toward CO (> 90 %) evolution and a higher formation rate of CO than those by conventional modification methods. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) images of the Ag co-catalyst clarified that Ag nanoparticles with the size of a single nanometer were loaded on the surface of ZnTa2O6 by the USR method, whereas much bigger Ag particles were observed in the case of the other methods. Accordingly, it can be noted that a small Ag co-catalyst with a single nanometer exhibits superior activity toward selective conversion of CO2 to CO. We herein successfully achieved a high formation rate of CO with high selectivity using the Ag/ZnTa2O6 photocatalyst prepared by the USR method.
Explicit solvation modeling in the accurate TD-DFT prediction of absorption spectra for natural nucleobases and fluorescent nucleobase analogues
Authors: Pearce Harrison R. , Purse Byron W. , Cooksy Andrew L.
Published: April 2024

Computational modeling of the absorption and emission properties of organic fluorophores is very useful for understanding their photophysics and improving fluorophore design, but it is challenging to do accurately. Methodologies based on density functional theory have been tested for accuracy in the quantitative simulation of experimental absorbance spectra of the longest wavelength π→π^* and n→π^* transitions for several natural nucleobases and nucleobase analogues to arrive at a tractable approach for relatively reliable prediction of excitation wavelengths in new analogues. Good performance was obtained for TD-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ//B3LYP-D3(BJ)/cc-pVDZ calculations, with SMD implicit solvation plus explicit solvent at likely H-bonding sites. For spectra in aqueous solution, the explicit waters at sites with substantial difference in HOMO/LUMO shift the calculated absorption wavelengths by as much as 20 nm. This methodology yielded a root mean square error in absorbance λ_max values of 10 nm with a maximum absolute error of 16 nm for 16 transitions in aqueous solutions of 14 molecules (including the natural nucleobase monomers) in the range 219-442 nm; errors are even smaller for a more limited set of transitions in 1,4-dioxane. Qualitative trends in absorbance intensities are faithfully modeled, although the root mean square relative error in the absolute intensities is 76%. Although limited to non-charge-transfer transitions, the methodology is easily implemented and successfully describes the long-wavelength absorption spectra of many fluorescent nucleobase analogues such as tricyclic cytosines featuring substituents with a wide range of Hammett parameters.
Gold-Catalyzed Migratory Insertion of Alkynes
Authors: Das Avishek , Biswas Biswajit , Gandon Vincent , Patil Nitin T.
Published: April 2024

Herein, we disclose the gold-catalyzed annulation reaction of 2-iodobiphenyls with alkynes, leading to the formation of phenanthrene derivatives. The crucial aspect of this reaction lies in the catalytic migratory insertion of alkynes into the Au(III)‒C bonds. Experimental results suggest a preference for the migratory insertion pathway over the π-activation pathway, a finding further supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
Commercially available carrageenans show broad variation in their structure, composition, and functionality
Authors: Hale Julia , Gerhäuser Julian , Gaukel Volker , Wefers Daniel
Published: April 2024

Carrageenans are polysaccharides from red algae which are widely used as food additives and in other applications. Their structure is often described by different disaccharide repeating units, although it was already demonstrated that reality is more complex. In many studies, commercial carrageenans were used to establish structure function relationships, but a detailed structural and compositional analysis was rarely conducted. Therefore, the aim of our study was to characterize commercial carrageenans with different specifications from different manufacturers. Furthermore, partial enzymatic hydrolysis and rheology were used to gain detailed insights into the structure and functionality of selected samples. Our results demonstrate that significant structural variation can be observed for commercial carrageenans. The samples contained different cations and the carrageenan type specified by the manufacturer did not always represent the structure of the corresponding polysaccharides. This was especially true for λ-carrageenans: Of the six commercial samples analyzed, none contained structural elements from the λ-type. Instead, the corresponding carrageenans contained κ-, ι- and ν-units. Mixtures of κ- and ι-units were also observed for a ι-carrageenan and unspecified carrageenans. By using partial enzymatic hydrolysis in combination with HPLC-MS and HPSEC-RI, it was possible to demonstrate the presence of different hybrid carrageenans. In addition, the rheological analysis of the commercial carrageenan samples showed clear differences in the gelling properties upon calcium addition which could influence their behavior in different applications. Our results demonstrate that commercial carrageenan samples should be analyzed for their structure and composition before they are used for the investigation of structure function relationships.
Rhodium-catalyzed insertion of nitrenes into B–H bonds
Authors: Ankudinov Nikita , Alexeev Nikita , Podyacheva Evgeniya , Chusov Denis , Lyssenko Konstantin , Perekalin Dmitry
Published: April 2024

The paper presents a new method for the formation of B-N bond by the catalytic insertion of nitrenes into organic boranes. The reaction proceeds most selectively for cyclic boranes with 2-phenylpyridine framework and nitrenes generated in situ by oxidation sulfonamides and sulfamates. The most effective catalysts for the process are rhodium and ruthenium carboxylates of [M2(OOCR)4]X type. Complexes with NTTL ligands derived from S-tert-leucine provide chiral products with stereogenic boron atoms. The developed approach can be useful for the introduction of boron heterocycles into functional materials and biologically active molecules.
Which graphene is optimal for nitrogen reduction and activation? - A DFT study with V-SAC on graphene
Authors: Maibam Ashakiran
Published: April 2024

Planarity of graphene supports with point defects and ad-atom vanadium metal single atom catalyst, V-SAC@graphene highlights the structural retainability of the catalyst for industrial applications. First-principles calculations of N2 chemisorption and reduction efficiency on pristine, single vacancy graphene (SVG) and double vacancy graphene shows V-SAC to show a difference in the catalytic activity when changes are introduced onto the coordination of the metal atom and the electronic behaviour of the adsorbates are found to change favourably in case of double vacancy graphene systems. A facile protonation and reduction of N2 to NH3 is observed in DVG catalyst following dπ-pπ* electron transfer from V-metal to N2 gas and subsequent σ-dπ* electron back donation from N2 gas to V-metal. A case of mono-atom doping of boron on double vacancy graphene with V-SAC has been proposed as an efficient NRR catalyst and the NRR limiting potential of -0.36 V and the inclusion of planarity for optimal application of graphene-based has been proposed.
Synthetic process development of (R)-(+)-1,2-epoxy-5-hexene: an important chiral building block
Authors: Guthrie Daryl , Saathoff John , Sahani Rajkumar , Nunes De Souza Aline , Cook Daniel , Hochstetler Samuel , Burns Justina , Moazeni-Pourasil Roudabeh , Wierzbicki Janie , Ahmad Saeed , Laidlaw Michael , Gupton B. Frank , Shanahan Charles , Klumpp Douglas , jin limei
Published: April 2024

Herein, we describe two practical approaches to synthesize (R)-(+)-1,2-epoxy-5-hexene from inexpensive and readily available raw materials and reagents. The first approach is a two-step sequence, involving an epoxidation with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) and a chiral resolution with (salen)Co(II), producing (R)-(+)-1,2-epoxy-5-hexene in 24-30% of overall yield. The second approach utilizes the readily available (R)-epichlorohydrin as the starting material and features an epoxide ring opening reaction with allylMgCl and the NaOH mediated ring closure reaction. Development of this two-step process affords R-(+)-1,2-epoxy-5-hexene in overall isolated yields of 55-60% with an exceptional purity profile. Both approaches have been successfully demonstrated on 100-200g scales.
In-vivo Lifetime Imaging of the Internal O2 Dynamics in Corals with NIR-emitting Sensor Nanoparticles
Authors: Kühl Michael , Nielsen Daniel Aagren , Borisov Sergey M.
Published: April 2024

Mapping of O2 with luminescent sensors within intact animals is challenging due to attenuation of excitation and emission light caused by tissue absorption and scattering, as well as interfering background fluorescence. Here we show the application of luminescent O2 sensor nanoparticles (~40-50 nm) composed of the O2 indicator platinum(II) tetra(4-fluoro)phenyltetrabenzoporphyrin (PtTPTBPF) immobilized in poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-MA). We injected the sensor nanoparticles into the gastrovascular system of intact colony fractions of reef-building, tropical corals that harbor photosynthetic microalgae in their tissues. The sensor nanoparticles are ex-cited by red LED light (617 nm) and emit in the near-infrared (780 nm), which enhances transmission of excitation and emission light through biological materials. This enabled us to map the internal O2 concentration via time-domain luminescence lifetime imaging through the outer tissue layers across several coral polyps in flowing seawater. After injection, nanoparticles dispersed within the coral tissue over several hours. While luminescence intensity imag-ing showed some local aggregation of sensor particles, lifetime imaging showed a more homogenous O2 distribution across a larger area of the coral colony. Local stimulation of symbiont photosynthesis in corals induced oxygenation of illuminated tissue areas and formation of lateral O2 gradients toward surrounding respiring tissues, which were dissi-pated rapidly after onset of darkness. Such measurements are key to improve our understanding of how corals regulate their internal chemical microenvironment and metabolic activity and how they are affected by environmental stress such as ocean warming, acidification and deoxygenation. Our experimental approach can also be adapted for in vivo O2 imaging in other natural systems such as biofilms, plant and animal tissues, as well as in organoids and other cell con-structs, where imaging internal O2 conditions are relevant and challenging due to high optical density and back-ground fluorescence.
Nanoengineering Multilength Scale Porous Hierarchy in Mesoporous Metal-Organic Framework Single Crystals
Authors: Zhao Yingji , Zhu Liyang , Kang Yunqing , Shen Cheng-Hui , Liu Xiangyang , Jiang Dong , Fu Lei , Guselnikova Olga , Huang Lijin , Song Xiaokai , Asahi Toru , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: April 2024

Developing a reliable method for constructing mesoporous metal–organic framework (MOF) with single-crystalline form remains a challenging task despite numerous efforts. This study presents a solvent-mediated assembly method for fabricating zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIFs) single-crystal nanoparticles with well-defined micro-mesoporous structure using polystyrene-block-polyethylene oxide diblock copolymer micelles as a soft-template. The precise control of particle sizes, ranging from 85 nm to 1.2 μm, is achieved through the regulation of nucleation and crystal growth rates, while maintaining consistent pore diameters in mesoporous nanoparticles and a rhombohedral dodecahedron morphology. Furthermore, this study presents a robust platform for nanoarchitecturing to prepare hierarchically porous materials (e.g., core-shell and hollow structures) using the micro-mesoporous ZIF series, including microporous ZIF@mesoporous ZIF, hollow mesoporous ZIF, and mesoporous ZIF@mesoporous ZIF. Such a multimodal pore design, ranging from microporous to micro/mesoporous and further micro/meso/macroporous, provides significant evidence for the future possibility of MOF structural design, which has not yet been presented.
Household size in Ireland: Stylised facts and cross country trends
Authors:   ESRI, O'Toole Conor , Slaymaker Rachel ,   ESRI
Published: April 2024

This paper uses cross-country data to explore the trends in household size in Ireland and to place these trends in a European context. Using cross country data from the EU-SILC survey, the research presents a range of stylised facts regarding how Ireland differs from other countries and attempts to explore what might explain the variation. We find that Ireland has a high average household size on a cross-country basis. However, this appears to be strongly influenced by demographics, with high fertility rate, younger population and thus high share of households with children important factors in explaining the cross country trends. Indeed, a majority of the differences between Ireland and other countries disappear in a regression setting when socio-demographic and basic economic factors are controlled for. In terms of the change over time in household size, we find little association with time-varying economic factors but, again, a strong effect of aging and the proportion of households with children. We do find a negative relationship with housing supply; any change in household size would be, to a degree, affected by availability of housing. In terms of the long run trend in Irish household size, the level is likely to change in line with population aging i.e. demographic factors are likely to be the most important driver going forward, subject to availability. Projections for future household numbers or housing demand would likely benefit from the deployment of age specific household size trends which allow natural population dynamics to influence household size.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВЫСТУПА НА ВЕРШИНЕ ГИДРОГЕЛЕВОГО ШАРОВОГО СЕГМЕНТА ПРИ ЕГО ЗАМЕРЗАНИИ
Authors: Дехтярь В. А. , Дубинов А. Е.
Published: April 2024

Известно, что при замерзании капли воды, сидящей на охлаждаемой горизонтальной плоской подложке, на вершине этой капли образуется острый конический выступ. В данной работе исследовался процесс замерзания предварительно насыщенных водой гидрогелевых шаровых сегментов, посаженных на горизонтальную охлаждающую плоскую поверхность. Поверхность охлаждалась с помощью элемента Пельтье. Впервые зарегистрировано образование острых конических выступов на вершинах гидрогелевых сегментов, аналогичных выступам, возникающих на замороженных каплях воды. Методом прямой видеовизуализации установлено, что в процессе замерзания гидрогелевых шаровых сегментов наблюдаются поднимающиеся вверх фронты затвердевания. Искривление этих фронтов и объемное расширение воды, содержавшейся в нанопорах гидрогеля, являются причиной появления выступов при их замерзании. Также установлено, что материал этих выступов после заморозки – лед. При этом следов полиакриламида в выступах обнаружено не было.
Shaping hugis: Experimenting traditional asian movements in contemporary performance
Authors: Felimon Bonita Blanco
Published: April 2024

This study documents the creative process of experimenting with Asian classical performance systems and adapting them for contemporary staging. The paper investigates the processes of borrowing in contemporary performances and develops a model of this type of contemporary staging called the EICP (Exploration, Improvisation, Choreography, and Performance) Model. The paper talks about how actors, who aren't familiar with Asian traditional arts, are trained, stressing the importance of repetition in learning movements and understanding their deeper meanings. The study concludes that creative artists need to be careful and conscious in the process of borrowing forms and acknowledges the difficulties and rewards of experimenting with this kind of creative work, highlighting the need for careful consideration and adaptation in the borrowing process to make a meaningful modern performance.
Medication use before and after bariatric surgery: 5-year results from a randomised controlled trial of banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tan James , Nur Talat , Jones Bronwen , Murphy Rinki , Kim David , Cutfield Richard , Plank Lindsay , Booth Michael
Published: April 2024

aim: Bariatric surgery is an effective tool for weight loss and for improving weight related co-morbidities. Changes in medication usage after a silastic ring laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (SR-LRYGB) compared with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) are unknown. methods: This was a single-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Patients were randomised to either SR-LRYGB or LSG. A medication history was obtained at regular follow-up intervals, and mean numbers of prescribed medications were analysed over 5 years. Poisson regression and generalised estimating equations were used to test for statistically significant changes in usage. results: After eight patients were lost to follow-up, data from 52 patients in each group were available for analysis. There was no difference between the SR-LRYGB or LSG groups in the number of medications prescribed, with the exception of oral glucose-lowering medications, where there was a greater decrease after SR-LRYGB compared to LSG (79% vs 55% respectively) from baseline to 5 years. At 5 years, total medication prescribed was down 10% from pre-operative levels. Prescribed insulin decreased by 72%, and cardiovascular medication decreased by 56% compared to baseline. Prescriptions for analgesia increased by 50%, psychiatric medications by 133% and proton-pump inhibitors by 81%. conclusion: Both SR-LRYGB and LSG reduced requirement for diabetic and cardiovascular medications, but increased requirement for nutritional supplementation, analgesia and psychiatric medications. There was a greater reduction in oral anti-diabetic medication prescriptions following SR-LRYGB compared to LSG, but no other difference in medication usage between surgical groups was found.
Incorporating patient, nursing and environmental factors into antimicrobial stewardship: effects of simplifying treatment from cefuroxime to ceftriaxone
Authors: Balm Michelle , Bupha-Intr Olivia , Sinha Tanya , Kelly Matthew , Stewart Lucy , Stephen Ruth , Blackmore Tim , Bloomfield Max
Published: April 2024

aim: Our antimicrobial guidelines (AGs) were changed in 2021 to recommend once-daily ceftriaxone in place of three-times-daily cefuroxime as preferred cephalosporin. This analysis sought to assess the effects of this on incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GCR-E) and resource utilisation. method: Before and after analysis of 30-day CDI and 3GCR-E incidence following receipt of cefuroxime/ceftriaxone pre- and post-AG change. Total nursing time and waste production relating to cefuroxime/ceftriaxone delivery were calculated pre- and post-change. results: CDI incidence was 0.6% pre- and 1.0% post-change (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.44, p=0.07) and 3GCR-E incidence 3.5% and 3.1% (aOR 0.90, p=0.33). Mean per-quarter estimated nursing administration time decreased from 2,065 to 1,163 hours (902 nursehour reduction) and antibiotic-related waste generation from 1,131kg to 748kg (383kg reduction). Overall days of therapy per-quarter of cefuroxime/ceftriaxone were unchanged between periods. conclusion: This simplification of our AG from a three-times-daily to a once-daily antibiotic resulted in considerable savings for our hospital (roughly 1.7 full-time equivalent nurses and over a tonne of waste yearly), with no significant increases in CDI or 3GCR-E. The impact of dosing schedules on non-antibiotic-spectrum factors, such as nursing time and resource usage, is worthy of consideration when designing AGs.
Navigating challenges: insights into chronic kidney disease care in South Auckland
Authors: Jayanatha Kalpa , Tutone Viliami , Voss David , Kendrick-Jones Jamie , Otuafi Fakaola , Ngwenya Fortune , Eiao Nogi , Spence Rachel , Hill Andrew
Published: April 2024

The burden of chronic kidney disease is increasing throughout New Zealand, resulting in growing strain on patients, families and the healthcare system. The population of South Auckland is the most diverse in New Zealand and it is particularly vulnerable to the effects of chronic kidney disease due to its demography and its many communities that endure significant hardships. This article explores the prevailing challenges identified by renal physicians and nurse specialists over 35 years of caring for patients with chronic kidney disease in South Auckland.
Enrichment of olive oil with sage (Salvia officinalis) leaf essential oil extracted
by ultrasound pretreatment followed by hydrodistillation to increase its shelf
life
Authors: Shoukair A.S. , Morsi M.K.S. , Morsy N.F.S. , Hammad K.S.M.
Published: April 2024

Olive oil (OO) is a valuable food product, compared with other seed oils, for its health
benefits, sensory attributes and higher economic value. The demand for natural
antioxidants has recently grown due to the potential toxicity and carcinogenicity of
synthetic antioxidants that are utilized in food industry. This study aimed to investigate the
oxidative stability of OO enriched with sage (Salvia officinalis) essential oil (EO). The
sage EO was extracted from the leaves by ultrasound (US) as a pretreatment followed by
hyrodistillation (HD). The effects of US power level (60 and 90 W) and time (10, 20 and
30 mins) on the EO yield, total extraction time and quality characteristics were studied.
Compared to the HD extraction, the US pretreatments before HD shortened the total
extraction time to ≤ 54 mins, with the same extraction yield, instead of 240 mins with HD.
Various EO samples extracted by these US pretreatments followed by HD (US+HD) were
analyzed for their chemical compositions by GC–MS and compared with that of EO
obtained by HD. Compositional analysis revealed that the most prominent oxygenated
monoterpenes of EO samples were camphor, α-thujone, 1,8-cineole, β-thujone, bornyl
acetate and endo-borneol. The EO extracted by US pretreatment at 60 W for 10 mins
followed by HD for 34 mins was characterized by the highest quality index [(α- + βthujone)/camphor ratio] and higher levels of antioxidant constituents (α-pinene and
camphene). The sage EO obtained by this technique was selected to enrich OO at 200, 400
and 600 mg/Kg of OO. Quality criteria of the OO such as acidity, peroxide value,
conjugated dienes and trienes besides chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and fatty acids
composition were measured. Results revealed that the addition of sage EO at 200 mg/Kg
of OO increased the oxidative stability of OO measured by Rancimat by 36% instead of
21% by using the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at the same level.
Moreover, the sensory attributes of the enriched OO were maintained. From this study, it
can be concluded that sage EO can be used to increase the shelf life of OO.
Natural pigments and antioxidants properties of annatto extract at various pH
of distilled water solvent and extraction times
Authors: Handayani I. , Septiana A.T. , Sustriawan B.
Published: April 2024

Annatto is a natural colouring agent obtained from the outer coats of the seeds of the Bixa
orellana. Carotenoid pigment in annatto consists of bixin and norbixin. Pigment extraction
from annatto seeds is commonly done by indirect extraction using organic solvents and
direct extraction using oil or aqueous alkali. This research aims to characterize the natural
pigment and antioxidants of annatto extract. The annatto was extracted by maceration
using distilled water at various pH and extraction times. The distilled water pH variations
used in this study were 4, 7, and 9 while the extraction times were 5, 7.5 and 10 mins.
Analyzing bixin and norbixin revealed the potential of annatto extract as a natural
pigment, while phenol and flavonoids disclose the potential as a natural antioxidant. The
results showed that varying pH of distilled water and time of extraction influences the
bixin, norbixin, total phenol, and flavonoid contents of annatto extract. Annatto extraction
using distilled water produces higher levels of bixin than norbixin. The highest levels of
bixin (61.06%) were built in distilled water pH 7 for 7.5 mins of extraction, while the
highest levels of norbixin (30%) were produced in distilled water pH 7 for 10 mins.
Extraction using pH 4 creates a higher level of total phenol while increasing the extraction
time up to 10 mins decreased the total phenol content. However, high levels of flavonoids
were made in extraction using alkaline pH distilled water (pH 9) for 10 mins. The results
showed that all extracts have the potential as natural pigments and antioxidants.