bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and clinical features of severe diabetic ketoacidosis treated in pediatric intensive care unit: a 5-year monocentric experience
Authors: Passanisi Stefano , Salzano Giuseppina , Basile Pietro , Bombaci Bruno , Caime Flavia , Rulli Immacolata , Valenzise Mariella , Gitto Eloisa , Lombardo Fortunato
Published: May 2023

Background

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most alarming concerns in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in pediatric age. Prevalence of DKA at the onset of diabetes ranges from 30 to 40%. In selected cases of severe DKA, admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) should be considered.

Methods

This study aims to assess the prevalence of severe DKA treated in PICU in our 5-year monocentric experience. Secondary outcome of the study was to describe the main demographical and clinical features of individuals who required admission to PICU. All clinical data were collected by retrospectively reviewing the electronic medical records of children and adolescents with diabetes hospitalized in our University Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022.

Results

During the study period, 103 children and adolescents were newly diagnosed with T1D. Among these, 51.5% presented clinical criteria for DKA and almost 10% needed to be treated in PICU. A higher rate of new T1D diagnoses was observed in 2021, as well as episodes of severe DKA being more frequent than in previous years. Due to severe clinical manifestations of DKA, 10 subjects (9.7%) with T1D onset needed to be treated in PICU. Of these, four children were younger than 5. The great majority came from a low household income and some of them had also immigrant background. The most common complication of DKA was acute kidney injury presented by four children. Other complications were cerebral edema, papilledema and acute esophageal necrosis. A 15-year-old girl had deep vein thrombosis (DVT) that evolved into multiple organ failure leading to death.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrated that severe DKA is still quite common in children and adolescents at T1D onset, especially in some areas such as Southern Italy. Public awareness campaigns should be increasingly promoted to facilitate the recognition of early symptoms of diabetes and to reduce morbidity and mortality related to DKA.
The lower limit of reactivity as a potential individualised cerebral perfusion pressure target in traumatic brain injury: a CENTER-TBI high-resolution sub-study analysis
Authors: Beqiri Erta , Zeiler Frederick A. , Ercole Ari , Placek Michal M. , Tas Jeanette , Donnelly Joseph , Aries Marcel J. H. , Hutchinson Peter J. , Menon David , Stocchetti Nino , Czosnyka Marek , Smielewski Peter ,   CENTER-TBI HR ICU participants and investigators, Anke Audny , Beer Ronny , Bellander Bo-Michael , Beqiri Erta , Buki Andras , Cabeleira Manuel , Carbonara Marco , Chieregato Arturo , Citerio Giuseppe , Clusmann Hans , Czeiter Endre , Czosnyka Marek , Depreitere Bart , Ercole Ari , Frisvold Shirin , Helbok Raimund , Jankowski Stefan , Kondziella Daniel , Koskinen Lars-Owe , Kowark Ana , Menon David K. , Meyfroidt Geert , Moeller Kirsten , Nelson David , Piippo-Karjalainen Anna , Radoi Andreea , Ragauskas Arminas , Raj Rahul , Rhodes Jonathan , Rocka Saulius , Rossaint Rolf , Sahuquillo Juan , Sakowitz Oliver , Smielewski Peter , Stocchetti Nino , Sundström Nina , Takala Riikka , Tamosuitis Tomas , Tenovuo Olli , Unterberg Andreas , Vajkoczy Peter , Vargiolu Alessia , Vilcinis Rimantas , Wolf Stefan , Younsi Alexander , Zeiler Frederick A.
Published: May 2023

Background

A previous retrospective single-centre study suggested that the percentage of time spent with cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) below the individual lower limit of reactivity (LLR) is associated with mortality in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. We aim to validate this in a large multicentre cohort.

Methods

Recordings from 171 TBI patients from the high-resolution cohort of the CENTER-TBI study were processed with ICM+ software. We derived LLR as a time trend of CPP at a level for which the pressure reactivity index (PRx) indicates impaired cerebrovascular reactivity with low CPP. The relationship with mortality was assessed with Mann-U test (first 7-day period), Kruskal–Wallis (daily analysis for 7 days), univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. AUCs (CI 95%) were calculated and compared using DeLong’s test.

Results

Average LLR over the first 7 days was above 60 mmHg in 48% of patients. %time with CPP < LLR could predict mortality (AUC 0.73, p =  < 0.001). This association becomes significant starting from the third day post injury. The relationship was maintained when correcting for IMPACT covariates or for high ICP.

Conclusions

Using a multicentre cohort, we confirmed that CPP below LLR was associated with mortality during the first seven days post injury.
Biomarker-based risk model to predict persistent multiple organ dysfunctions after congenital heart surgery: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Benscoter Alexis L. , Alten Jeffrey A. , Atreya Mihir R. , Cooper David S. , Byrnes Jonathan W. , Nelson David P. , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Wong Hector R.
Published: May 2023

Background

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is an important cause of post-operative morbidity and mortality for children undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Dysregulated inflammation is widely regarded as a key contributor to bypass-related MODS pathobiology, with considerable overlap of pathways associated with septic shock. The pediatric sepsis biomarker risk model (PERSEVERE) is comprised of seven protein biomarkers of inflammation and reliably predicts baseline risk of mortality and organ dysfunction among critically ill children with septic shock. We aimed to determine if PERSEVERE biomarkers and clinical data could be combined to derive a new model to assess the risk of persistent CPB-related MODS in the early post-operative period.

Methods

This study included 306 patients < 18 years old admitted to a pediatric cardiac ICU after surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease. Persistent MODS, defined as dysfunction of two or more organ systems on postoperative day 5, was the primary outcome. PERSEVERE biomarkers were collected 4 and 12 h after CPB. Classification and regression tree methodology were used to derive a model to assess the risk of persistent MODS.

Results

The optimal model containing interleukin-8 (IL-8), chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), and age as predictor variables had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.86 (0.81–0.91) for differentiating those with or without persistent MODS and a negative predictive value of 99% (95–100). Ten-fold cross-validation of the model yielded a corrected AUROC of 0.75 (0.68–0.84).

Conclusions

We present a novel risk prediction model to assess the risk for development of multiple organ dysfunction after pediatric cardiac surgery requiring CPB. Pending prospective validation, our model may facilitate identification of a high-risk cohort to direct interventions and studies aimed at improving outcomes via mitigation of post-operative organ dysfunction.
Evidence of the drying technique’s impact on the biomass quality of Tetraselmis subcordiformis (Chlorophyceae)
Authors: Aljabri Hareb , Cherif Maroua , Siddiqui Simil Amir , Bounnit Touria , Saadaoui Imen
Published: May 2023

Rapid drying, cost-effective and safe, will increase the viability of using microalgae for several bio-industrial applications. In this study, five different drying techniques of microalgal biomass were investigated. These include freeze drying, oven drying, air drying, sun drying, and microwave drying. Morphology, metabolite content, FAME profiling, chlorophyll content, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen were analyzed. Results showed that the freeze-drying technique preserves the highest amounts of chlorophyll, proteins, and lipids. Oven drying underperformed as it retained the lowest amount of chlorophyll, protein, and lipid content. More importantly, FAME profiling results showed that air drying was the best technique in maintaining the highest amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids and more specifically docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Furthermore, this process requires the least capital and energy needs. The findings from this study confirmed that the drying technique affects the microalga biomass quality.

Graphical Abstract
Combination therapy: synergism among three plant extracts against selected pathogens
Authors: Donkor Martin Ntiamoah , Donkor Addai-Mensah , Mosobil Richard
Published: May 2023

Objective

The synergism among extracts of Senna alata, Ricinus communis, and Lannea barteri, and their anti-infective activities were investigated. The data collected for the antimicrobial activity of the extracts combinations were interpreted to be one of the following categories: synergy; indifferent; additive; or antagonistic. The interpretation was made based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) results. FICI of ≤ 0.5 indicates synergism, > 0.5 to 1 indicates additive effects, > 1 to ≤ 4 indifference, and > 4 is considered to be antagonism.

Results

Compared with the data of the individual extracts, the MIC values of the extract-extract combinations against all strains of the tested microorganisms were significantly lower, ranging from 0.97 to 1.17, 0.97 to 4.69, 0.50 to 1.17, 1.17 to 3.12 and 2.34 to 4.69 mg/mL for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans respectively. L. bateri aqueous-S. alata ethanol extracts and S. alata aqueous-R. cummunis ethanol extracts combinations showed a synergy effect against all the test microorganisms. The other combinations exhibited at least one additive effect. Neither antagonism nor indifference activity was observed. This study validates the relevance of combining these plants in treating infections by traditional medicine practitioners.
A child diagnosed with severe hemophilia A presenting with nephrotic syndrome: a case report
Authors: Chandrakumara Janith , Wijesundara Madushika , Amarakoon Givani
Published: May 2023

Background

Nephrotic syndrome occurring as a complication of immune tolerance therapy for inhibitors in hemophilia B is well recognized. It is also known to occur in association with factor borne infections, especially hepatitis C. This is the first case report of nephrotic syndrome occurring in a child receiving prophylactic factor VIII in the absence of inhibitors of hepatitis infection. However, the pathophysiology of this phenomenon is poorly understood.

Case presentation

A 7-year Sri Lankan boy diagnosed with severe hemophilia A on weekly factor VIII prophylaxis was diagnosed with three episodes of nephrotic syndrome, a condition in which there is leakage of plasma protein into urine. He had three episodes of nephrotic syndrome, all of which responded well to 60 mg/m2 daily dose of oral steroids, achieving remission within 2 weeks of starting daily prednisolone. He has not developed inhibitors for factor VIII. His hepatitis screening remained negative.

Conclusions

There is a possible link between factor therapy for hemophilia A and nephrotic syndrome, which can be a T-cell-mediated immune response. This case also highlights the importance of monitoring for renal involvement in patients treated with factor replacement.
Motivation and training needs of prison healthcare professionals: findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Jeker Benjamin , Shaw David , Lagnaux Nicolas , Wangmo Tenzin , Elger Bernice S.
Published: May 2023

Health care in prison is a challenging task. The conditions of imprisonment create distinct difficulties for those providing health care in this setting. These particular circumstances have led to a shortage of quality professionals, working for the health of imprisoned people. The aim of this study is to elaborate reasons for healthcare professionals to work in a prison environment. The main research question is: why do healthcare workers choose to work in prisons? Furthermore, our study identifies training needs in various fields. Interview data that comes from a national project carried out in Switzerland and three other relatively wealthy countries were analyzed using content analysis. One-on-one, semi structured interviews were designed and conducted with professionals working in prison context. A total of 105 interviews were carried out and for this work 83 of them were analyzed and coded into themes responding to the study aim. Most participants chose to work in prison either because of practical reasons, as many reported various forms of contact with the studied prison environment at a younger age, or because of intrinsic reasons, including among others, having the wish to change the system of healthcare in prisons. Even though the education of the participants varied greatly, a lack of specialist training was expressed by many health care professions as an important factor. This study points out the need for more specific training programs for healthcare workers in prison and provides suggestions to ameliorate the recruitment and education for future prison health care workers.
Individuals with and without child maltreatment experiences are evaluated similarly and do not differ in facial affect display at zero- and first-acquaintance
Authors: Hautle Lara-Lynn , Kurath Jennifer , Jellestad Lena , Lüönd Antonia M. , Wingenbach Tanja S. H. , Frühholz Sascha , Jansson Billy , Niedtfeld Inga , Pfaltz Monique C.
Published: May 2023

Background

Individuals with a history of child maltreatment (CM) are more often disliked, rejected and victimized compared to individuals without such experiences. However, contributing factors for these negative evaluations are so far unknown.

Objective

Based on previous research on adults with borderline personality disorder (BPD), this preregistered study assessed whether negative evaluations of adults with CM experiences, in comparison to unexposed controls, are mediated by more negative and less positive facial affect display. Additionally, it was explored whether level of depression, severity of CM, social anxiety, social support, and rejection sensitivity have an influence on ratings.

Methods

Forty adults with CM experiences (CM +) and 40 non-maltreated (CM-) adults were filmed for measurement of affect display and rated in likeability, trustworthiness, and cooperativeness by 100 independent raters after zero-acquaintance (no interaction) and 17 raters after first-acquaintance (short conversation).

Results

The CM + and the CM- group were neither evaluated significantly different, nor showed significant differences in affect display. Contrasting previous research, higher levels of BPD symptoms predicted higher likeability ratings (p = .046), while complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms had no influence on ratings.

Conclusions

The non-significant effects could be attributed to an insufficient number of participants, as our sample size allowed us to detect effects with medium effect sizes (f2 = .16 for evaluation; f2 = .17 for affect display) with a power of .95. Moreover, aspects such as the presence of mental disorders (e.g., BPD or post-traumatic stress disorder), might have a stronger impact than CM per se. Future research should thus further explore conditions (e.g., presence of specific mental disorders) under which individuals with CM are affected by negative evaluations as well as factors that contribute to negative evaluations and problems in social relationships.
The relationship among personal achievement motives, school relational goal structures and learning outcomes: a multilevel analysis with PISA 2018 data
Authors: Zhou Ji , Wang Xinghua
Published: May 2023

The influence of achievement motives and relational goal structures embedded in schools on learning outcomes as well as their interaction has attracted much attention in educational research. In the secondary multi-level analysis of data from four areas of China (B–S–J–Z) and the United States in the PISA 2018 study, the relationship among students’ personal achievement motives (competitiveness, work mastery and fear of failure), competitive or cooperative goal structures in schools, reading achievement and reading self-concept was examined. Results revealed similar relationship across countries: both competitiveness and work mastery motives had positive influence on reading self-concept; competitive goal structure influenced reading achievement. Cross-level interactions were only observed in the Chinese (B–S–J–Z) sample, with the competitive goal structure negatively moderating the relationship between work mastery motive and learning outcomes as well as the relationship between competitiveness motive and self-concept. Implications for theory and educational practice were discussed.
Numerical simulation of a heavy rainfall event over Mindanao, Philippines, on 03 May 2017: mesoscale convective systems under weak large-scale forcing
Authors: Lagare Cathrene , Yamazaki Takeshi , Ito Junshi
Published: May 2023

A heavy rainfall event caused by mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) resulted in flooding over areas of Davao City in Mindanao Island, Philippines, on 03 May 2017. The event occurred during the summer season (April–May) under weak large-scale conditions. This study investigated the initiation and development of MCSs by performing high-resolution numerical simulations with the finest grid spacing of 200 m, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. It was found that the merging of two meso-$$\beta$$
β
scale convective systems over the west and east of Mount Apo caused the flood-producing rainfall in the Davao area. Results show that the west meso-$$\beta$$
β
scale convective system formed over the basin area in Mindanao Island due to moisture advection from sea breeze circulation. In addition, the concave geometry of the Mindanao basin assisted in accumulating moisture which made the basin favorable for convection development. Meanwhile, the precipitating downdrafts generated cold pools wherein the continuous convergence of multiple outflow boundaries resulted in the further development and maintenance of the MCS over the basin. While the east meso-$$\beta$$
β
scale convective system developed over the Davao area due to the interaction between southeasterlies (ambient trade winds) and Mount Apo terrain. Merging of the MCSs resulted in the development of a larger meso-$$\beta$$
β
scale system. Eventually, the larger meso-$$\beta$$
β
scale convective system split and splitted MCSs weakened over time.
Interfacial modification in perovskite-based tandem solar cells
Authors: Park Ik Jae , An Hyo Kyung , Chang Yuna , Kim Jin Young
Published: May 2023

With photovoltaic performance of metal halide perovskite-based solar cells skyrocketing to approximately 26% and approaching the theoretical Shockley–Queisser limit of single junction solar cells, researchers are now exploring multi-junction tandem solar cells that use perovskite materials to achieve high efficiency next-generation photovoltaics. Various types of bottom subcells, including silicon solar cells used commercially in industry, chalcogenide thin film cells, and perovskite cells, have been combined with perovskite top subcells on the strength of facile fabrication methods based on solution processes. However, owing to the nature that photovoltages of the subcells are added up and the structure containing numerous layers, interfacial issues that cause open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficit need to be handled carefully. In addition, morphological issues or process compatibility make it difficult to fabricate solution-processed perovskite top cells. In this paper, we summarize and review the fundamentals and strategies to overcome interfacial issues in tandem solar cells for high efficiency and stability confronting this field.

Graphical Abstract
Does Higher Intensity Increase the Rate of Responders to Endurance Training When Total Energy Expenditure Remains Constant? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Reuter Marcel , Rosenberger Friederike , Barz Andreas , Venhorst Andreas , Blanz Laura , Hecksteden Anne , Meyer Tim
Published: May 2023

Background

Standardized training prescriptions often result in large variation in training response with a substantial number of individuals that show little or no response at all. The present study examined whether the response in markers of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to moderate intensity endurance training can be elevated by an increase in training intensity.

Methods

Thirty-one healthy, untrained participants (46 ± 8 years, BMI 25.4 ± 3.3 kg m−2 and $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$

V
˙

O2max 34 ± 4 mL min−1 kg−1) trained for 10 weeks with moderate intensity (3 day week−1 for 50 min per session at 55% HRreserve). Hereafter, the allocation into two groups was performed by stratified randomization for age, gender and VO2max response. CON (continuous moderate intensity) trained for another 16 weeks at moderate intensity, INC (increased intensity) trained energy-equivalent for 8 weeks at 70% HRreserve and then performed high-intensity interval training (4 × 4) for another 8 weeks. Responders were identified as participants with VO2max increase above the technical measurement error.

Results

There was a significant difference in $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$

V
˙

O2max response between INC (3.4 ± 2.7 mL kg−1 min−1) and CON (0.4 ± 2.9 mL kg−1 min−1) after 26 weeks of training (P = 0.020). After 10 weeks of moderate training, in total 16 of 31 participants were classified as VO2max responders (52%). After another 16 weeks continuous moderate intensity training, no further increase of responders was observed in CON. In contrast, the energy equivalent training with increasing training intensity in INC significantly (P = 0.031) increased the number of responders to 13 of 15 (87%). The energy equivalent higher training intensities increased the rate of responders more effectively than continued moderate training intensities (P = 0.012).

Conclusion

High-intensity interval training increases the rate of response in VO2max to endurance training even when the total energy expenditure is held constant. Maintaining moderate endurance training intensities might not be the best choice to optimize training gains.

Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00031445, Registered 08 March 2023—Retrospectively registered, https://www.drks.de/DRKS00031445
Inhibition of DAMP actions in the tumoral microenvironment using lactoferrin-glycyrrhizin conjugate for glioblastoma therapy
Authors: Kim Hyung Shik , Park Seok Chan , Kim Hae Jin , Lee Dong Yun
Published: May 2023

Background

High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) released from the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the tumor progression. HMGB1 serves as a damaged-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that induces tumor angiogenesis and its development. Glycyrrhizin (GL) is an effective intracellular antagonist of tumor released HMGB1, but its pharmacokinetics (PK) and delivery to tumor site is deficient. To address this shortcoming, we developed lactoferrin-glycyrrhizin (Lf-GL) conjugate.

Methods

Biomolecular interaction between Lf-GL and HMGB1 was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding affinity assay. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and development by Lf-GL attenuating HMGB1 action in the tumor microenvironment was comprehensively evaluated through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic study and anti-tumor effects of Lf-GL were investigated in orthotopic glioblastoma mice model.

Results

Lf-GL interacts with lactoferrin receptor (LfR) expressed on BBB and GBM, therefore, efficiently inhibits HMGB1 in both the cytoplasmic and extracellular regions of tumors. Regarding the tumor microenvironment, Lf-GL inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth by blocking HMGB1 released from necrotic tumors and preventing recruitment of vascular endothelial cells. In addition, Lf-GL improved the PK properties of GL approximately tenfold in the GBM mouse model and reduced tumor growth by 32%. Concurrently, various biomarkers for tumor were radically diminished.

Conclusion

Collectively, our study demonstrates a close association between HMGB1 and tumor progression, suggesting Lf-GL as a potential strategy for coping with DAMP-related tumor microenvironment.

Graphical Abstract

HMGB1 is a tumor-promoting DAMP in the tumor microenvironment. The high binding capability of Lf-GL to HMGB1 inhibits tumor progression cascade such as tumor angiogenesis, development, and metastasis. Lf-GL targets GBM through interaction with LfR and allows to arrest HMGB1 released from the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, Lf-GL can be a GBM treatment by modulating HMGB1 activity.
Hands and feet radiologic involvements in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Badiee Fatemeh , Fatemi Alireza , Zahedpasha Reza , Gharib Mohammad Hadi , Jokar Mohammadhassan , Livani Somayeh , Aghaie Mehrdad , Abdolahi Nafiseh
Published: May 2023

Aim

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular and fibrosing involvement of the skin and internal organs. In this study, we determined the prevalence and characteristics of radiological hands and feet involvements in Iranian SSc patients to identify the associations between clinical features and radiologic findings.

Methods

43 SSc patients (41 women and 2 men), with a median age of 44.8 years (ranges 26–70 years) and a mean disease duration of 11.8 years (ranges 2–28 years) were studied in this cross-sectional study.

Results

42 patients had radiological changes both in their hands and feet. Only one patient had alteration just in hand. The most frequent changes that we found in hand were Juxta-articular Osteoporosis (93%), Acro-osteolysis (58.2%), and Joint Space Narrowing (55.8%). The prevalence of joint space narrowing or acro-osteolysis was higher in subjects with active skin involvement [modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) > 14] [16/21 vs. 4/16 for patients with inactive skin involvement (mRSS < 14);p = 0.002]. The most frequent changes that we found in the foot were Juxta-articular Osteoporosis (93%), Acro-osteolysis (46.5%), Joint Space Narrowing (58.1%), and subluxation (44.2%). The presence of anti-ccp antibody was detected in 4 (9.3%), while positive rheumatoid factor was found in 13 (30.2%) of SSc patients.

Conclusion

This study corroborates that arthropathy is common in SSc patients. The introduction of the specific radiological involvements of SSc needs to be confirmed by further studies, in order to define the appropriate prognosis and treatment of patients.
Nationwide Impact of Centralization, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Standardized Pathology Reporting on R0 Resection and Overall Survival in Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Augustinus Simone , Schafrat Pascale J. M. , Janssen Boris V. , Bonsing Bert A. , Brosens Lodewijk A. A. , Busch Olivier R. , Crobach Stijn , Doukas Michail , van Eijck Casper H. , van der Geest Lydia G. M. , Groot Koerkamp Bas , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Raicu G. Mihaela , van Santvoort Hjalmar C. , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise , Verheij Joanne , Besselink Marc G. , Farina Sarasqueta Arantza ,   for the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group
Published: May 2023

Background

Surgeons aim for R0 resection in patients with pancreatic cancer to improve overall survival. However, it is unclear whether recent changes in pancreatic cancer care such as centralization, increased use of neoadjuvant therapy, minimally invasive surgery, and standardized pathology reporting have influenced R0 resections and whether R0 resection remains associated with overall survival.

Methods

This nationwide retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic cancer from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Database (2009–2019). R0 resection was defined as > 1 mm tumor clearance at the pancreatic, posterior, and vascular resection margins. Completeness of pathology reporting was scored on the basis of six elements: histological diagnosis, tumor origin, radicality, tumor size, extent of invasion, and lymph node examination.

Results

Among 2955 patients after PD for pancreatic cancer, the R0 resection rate was 49%. The R0 resection rate decreased from 68 to 43% (2009–2019, P < 0.001). The extent of resections in high-volume hospitals, minimally invasive surgery, neoadjuvant therapy, and complete pathology reports all significantly increased over time. Only complete pathology reporting was independently associated with lower R0 rates (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.69–0.83, P < 0.001). Higher hospital volume, neoadjuvant therapy, and minimally invasive surgery were not associated with R0. R0 resection remained independently associated with improved overall survival (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66–0.79, P < 0.001), as well as in the 214 patients after neoadjuvant treatment (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.42–0.87, P = 0.007).

Conclusions

The nationwide rate of R0 resections after PD for pancreatic cancer decreased over time, mostly related to more complete pathology reporting. R0 resection remained associated with overall survival.
Kâdî Abdülcebbâr’ın Hıristiyan Kristolojisine Karşı Savunmacı Delilleri: Epistemolojik Argümantasyon Teorisi Açısından Eleştirel Bir Analiz
Authors: İnce Serkan
Published: May 2023

Bu makale, kelâm söyleminde modern argümantasyon teorilerinin kullanılması gerektiğini savun- maktadır. İslam geleneği kendi istidlâl teorilerine sahip olsa da modern terminoloji ve teoriler, yorumlayıcı anlayış ve eleştirel analize yardımcı olabilir. Bu makale, Kâdî Abdülcebbâr’ın (ö. 415/1025) Hıristiyanlığa karşı kelâm ve reddiye geleneklerindeki aklî yöntemleri kullandığı Tesbît’ine odaklanmaktadır. Yine, Kâdî Abdülcebbâr’ın Hıristiyanlıktaki “İsa’nın ilahî doğası” iddiasına karşı delillerini örneklerle tahlil etmekte- dir. Makale, tarihî kelâm metinlerinin istidlâlî açıdan incelenmesi gerektiğini; ayrıca delile dayalı kelâmın tarihini ve gelişimini anlamada hem analitik teorilerin hem de argümantasyon teorilerinin ne kadar önemli olduğunu tartışmaktadır.
Metni Döneminde İncelemek: Masdariyecizâde Hüseyin Efendi’nin Teslîs-i Zâviye ve Kavs Risalesini Neden Yanlış Anladık?
Authors: Bilgin Zehra
Published: May 2023

Mühendishâne-i Berrî-i Hümâyûn hocalarından Masdariyecizâde Hüseyin Efendi 1238/1822’de doksan dereceden küçük bir açının Eukleides geometrisi yöntemleriyle üç eşit parçaya bölünmesine dair antik prob- lem hakkında bir risale kaleme alır. Risale, köklerini Antik Yunan’da bulan bu meşhur problemin Eukleides geometrisinin araçları olan çizgilik (işaretsiz cetvel) ve pergel kullanılarak ulaşıldığı düşünülen çözümünü içerir. Ayrıca, sunulan ispat Mühendishâne eğitim kadrosunun her birinin onayını gösteren imzalarla kayıt altına alınmıştır. Akademik literatürde bu risaleye dair yapılan değerlendirmelere bakıldığında, çözümde kullanımı sınırlandırılmış araçlarla bir sonuca ulaşılamayacağının Hüseyin Efendi’nin risalesini yayınladığı tarihte çoktan ispatlanmış olduğu iddiasına dayanarak eser, müellif ve dönemin ilim çevresi ile seviyesi hak- kında tahkir eden genelleştirilmiş yorumlar görülür. Tüm bu güncel yayınlar, tek bir kaynaktan, Salih Zeki Bey’in konuya dair yaklaşık bir asır önce kaleme aldığı ve içerik itibariyle doğruluğu tartışılır makalelerinden neşet etmiştir. Bu çalışma bu güncel yayınların ortak kaynağının iddialarını inceler ve problemin çözümü- nün tarihine odaklanır. Böylece verilen hatalı bilgilerin tashihini sunar.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY OF CADETS OF A FIRE-FIGHTING UNIVERSITY IN A SPECIAL SOCIAL SITUATION
Authors: Dashevsky Alexander R. , Shmeleva Elena A. , Kislyakov Pavel A.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The article examines the impact of a special social situation on the well-being and psychological safety of fire service cadets during their studies at the university. The purpose of the article is to study the features of psychological safety of cadets of a fire-fighting university in a special social situation associated with the aggravation of geopolitical, technosphere, humanitarian, psychological threats and challenges.

Research methods. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental well-being Scale (WEMWBS), the questionnaire “Assessment of personal satisfaction in the need for security” (O.Y. Zotova), the author’s methodology for studying the anxiety of cadets in connection with a special social situation were used. Methods of qualitative and quantitative data analysis, including factor and correlation analysis, were used. Study participants: cadets of the Ivanovo Fire and Rescue Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

The results of the study. It is revealed that the factors of anxiety of cadets in special social conditions are situational concern, frustration, stability. It was found that there is a negative relationship between anxiety and the well-being of cadets during a special social situation, a positive relationship was found between satisfaction of the need for security and the well-being of cadets.

Conclusion. The practical significance of the research is expressed in the need to update resilience skills based on existing knowledge and experience, motivation and a formed worldview. To do this, it is necessary to optimize the educational environment aimed at maintaining a psychological climate that contributes to maintaining the psychological well-being of cadets through psychocorrective work and psychological counseling.
CURRENT TRENDS IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (USING THE EXAMPLE OF GERMANY AND FRANCE)
Authors: Osipova Nadezhda V. , Rumyantseva Olesya S.
Published: May 2023

Since the twentieth century, being able to speak English has been noted as one of the indicators of a person’s success and education. To date, this speaking skill is a mandatory requirement of many employers. As a result, the teaching of English is given increased attention in many educational institutions of general, secondary and higher education both in Russia and abroad, which explains the relevance of the research. Much attention is paid to the study of communicative and interactive methods in teaching a foreign language. The problem of the study is to identify the most successful practices in teaching English. The purpose is to describe the current trends in teaching English in European countries. The study examined the websites of educational organizations in Germany and France, certain educational resources, as well as conducted a comparative analysis. The findings suggest a trend towards the development of the oral component of communicative competence. In this regard, special attention is paid to the use of IT technologies, interactive method, subject-language integrated learning at all levels of education: from preschool to higher education, as well as in the system of additional education.
FORMATION OF PROGNOSTIC COMPETENCES IN FUTURE OFFICERS
Authors: Serebrennikov Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

The changes taking place at the present stage in the troops indicate an increase in the requirements for officers. Currently, future officers need to be able to solve not only standard tasks in accordance with their official duties, but also be ready to act in various situations. This article is an experimental study of the process of forming predictive competencies in future officers. We carried out experimental work, which assumed the establishment of the state of formation of predictive competencies.

Goal. The article is devoted to the study of the process of development and formation of predictive competencies in future officers.

Methodology and methods. The research is based on conducting experimental work with cadets (future officers) at the ascertaining stage, comparing the control and experimental groups according to the selected criteria.

The result of the work. The authors developed criteria and indicators for the development of predictive competencies, as well as the analysis made it possible to determine the level of formation of predictive competencies in future officers, and on this basis to develop a program for the formation and development of predictive competencies in future officers.

Scope of the results. The results of the study can be applied in military institutes.
Comparison of students' physics motivation by gender using the Physics Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ): Rasch model analysis
Authors: Widyastuti Anisa , Heranita Elvine , Sukarelawan Moh. Irma
Published: May 2023

During the pandemic, many physics teachers only deliver material without adequate learning assistance. This directly or indirectly has influenced students' motivation to learn physics. The analysis of motivation so far has only used the classical test theory approach, so it cannot describe motivation at the individual level. Therefore, this study analyzes students' motivation to learn physics using the Rasch model. This research uses a survey research type. The survey was conducted on 27 class X and XI students who were selected using convenience sampling. The instrument used is the Physics Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ), adapted from the Science Motivation Questionnaire (SQM) developed by Glynn et al. The PMQ uses a 5-point Likert rating scale. Motivation levels were collected online using the Google Forms platform. Motivation level data were analyzed using the Wright map, LVP (Logit Value of Person), and Differential Item Functioning (DIF). The analysis results show that the average level of student motivation is higher than the item difficulty level. Male and female students have the highest motivation on the factor/dimension of Career Motivation. Regarding Gender, male students are more anxious and worried about failing physics exams than girls. Meanwhile, female students were more motivated to study physics better than other students. So, there are differences in the motivation of male and female students. Teachers must insert particular messages for students so they both have positive motivation when studying physics. Students must stay focused on their learning efforts and keep trying to improve their understanding of physics.
Spreadsheet to analyze the comparative of elasticities properties of aluminum alloy materials
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Vegisari Vegisari , Kuswanto Heru , Rudiansyah Eko
Published: May 2023

Physics learning contains mathematical processes with various equations to interpret concepts or phenomena in the quantitative concept. Each material with different values owns material mechanical properties such as elasticity. Spreadsheets can help mathematical processes become more effective and efficient. The output of spreadsheets can be interpreted as graphs or diagrams that make it easier to understand concepts and compare the elasticity of each material. The material studied in this study is an aluminum alloy in terms of its elemental content. Spreadsheet analysis presents the values of the elasticity properties of each material in graphical form. The elasticity properties studied are the modulus of elasticity (Young modulus), yield strength (Yield strength), and maximum strength (Ultimate strength).
Education, health indicators and fertility outcomes: a longitudinal analysis of couples in Britain
Authors: Peri-Rotem Nitzan
Published: May 2023

Previous studies have shown that highly educated women are more likely to realise their fertility aspirations, or experience a faster progression to a higher order birth, compared to lower educated women. This is often explained by improved economic or social resources among the higher educated. However, it is unclear whether educational differences in health behaviours may also contribute to these differential fertility outcomes. In this study, we use data from Waves 1–7 of the UK Longitudinal Household Study, combined with data from the Nurse Health Assessment from Wave 2 to estimate couples’ likelihood of experiencing additional childbirth within six years. A discrete-time event history model is employed to analyse the transition to a higher order birth, while accounting for both partners’ level of education as well as smoking patterns and body mass index. We find that couples in which the female partner is highly educated are more likely to experience childbirth within six years compared to others. In addition, female smoking is negatively associated with the likelihood of childbirth, while no significant effect has been found for male health factors. Female health indicators explain some of the variation in fertility outcomes for women with lower secondary education compared to degree-educated women. However, education remains a significant predictor of the transition to higher order births, also after accounting for male and female health indicators. It is therefore important to consider both socio-economic and health factors in order to understand variations in fertility outcomes.
Community aged care in Australia: the need for innovative programmes to boost workforce capacity
Authors: Savy Pauline , Hodgkin Suzanne , Conway Erin
Published: May 2023

Across Western nations, ‘ageing in place’ policies rely on having a sufficient and skilled aged care workforce. In Australia, due to the impact of successive policy reforms, this workforce including the sector that provides community-based services has declined in number and skills. At the same time the need to upskill and sustain this workforce has intensified as the frailty and health needs of consumers have increased. This paper reports on an integrative literature review undertaken during 2021 to describe workforce needs and peer reviewed reports of programs instituted in aged care settings that aimed to address these needs.

The review sought to examine programs implemented in both long-term and community care settings and to draw from these elements that may be utilised in future program design across the sector. It focussed primarily on workforce deficits in the community aged care sector and on the capacity of rurally-based services to meet and respond to growing consumer demand. The findings emphasise current workforce deficits while they also reveal a paucity of peer-reviewed reports of implemented programs across the sector as a whole. Nevertheless, the few programs examined in this review provide examples of the capacity and willingness of workers and providers to trial measures that aim to increase the recruitment, retention, skill and job-satisfaction of direct care workers. We propose that the key elements of the programs identified in this paper provide the foundation for the development of strategically designed programs that address particular workforce needs such as those shaped by rural contexts.
La política exterior ateniense durante la tercera tiranía de Pisístrato
Authors: Iriarte Unai
Published: May 2023

Pisístrato logró mantenerse como tirano de Atenas desde 546 a 527 a. C. en parte gracias a su gestión de la política exterior. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar de qué manera funcionaron las relaciones exteriores de la Atenas de Pisístrato durante su tercera tiranía. A través de un análisis de las fuentes de que disponemos, principalmente Heródoto, Tucídides y Aristóteles, se pretende ver de qué manera el tirano ateniense ejerció su influencia sobre tres zonas de la Hélade: las Cícladas, la Grecia continental y el Helesponto. En las Cícladas consiguió mostrar su dominio gracias a la purificación de Delos y a la instauración de Lígdamis como tirano de Naxos. En la Grecia Continental, su alianza con Argos le permitió asentarse como tirano en Atenas, gracias también a la ayuda de los de Tebas y Eretria, algo que también le granjeó enemistades con otras poleis, como Corinto o Esparta, que se unieron a la animadversión que ya le tenían los de Mégara. En el Helesponto Pisístrato actuó de forma directa en Sigeo, mientras que lo hizo de una indirectamente en el Quersoneso gracias a la intervención de Milcíades. En definitiva, los resultados de este estudio muestran que la última tiranía de Pisístrato llevó a cabo una importante política exterior que puede ser reconstruida a pesar de la falta de fuentes.
Efficacy of Adjudication Process of Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP): Law and Economics of National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT)
Authors: Thakkar Hiteshkumar , Agarwal Pranay , Shah Urmi
Published: May 2023

National Company Law Tribunals (NCLTs) form the backbone of the institutional setup of the corporate law mechanism. The tribunals though were initially given a minimal role in the judicial procedure of the corporate world and were seen with scepticism, their significance could not be ignored for long. With the increase in insolvency disputes, the NCLTs were even given the jurisdiction to handle the cases regarding the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) and Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP)

.
However, the efficiency of these tribunals has to be inspected with respect to CIRP cases for knowing the clear picture. In this paper, an economic analysis of the working of the NCLT Ahmedabad is undertaken to get a better understanding of the efficiency of the NCLTs in general. The study relies on qualitative tools such as interviewers conducted by relevant stakeholders and observing NCLT court proceedings to capture the measurement reality of NCLT efficiency. The study also relies on descriptive statistics of time taken and recovery to measure the efficacy of NCLT.
Gradient estimates and the fundamental solution for higher-order elliptic systems with lower-order terms
Authors: Barton Ariel E. , Duffy Michael J.
Published: May 2023

We establish the Caccioppoli inequality, a reverse Hölder inequality in the spirit of the classic estimate of Meyers, and construct the fundamental solution for linear elliptic differential equations of order

2
m

2m

with certain lower order terms.
Using electrochemical testing and modeling to assess the efficiency of a water-soluble inhibitor on the corrosion of 6061Al-15 % (v) SiC (p) composite
Authors: Krishnananda Maithili , Shetty Prakasha , Kumari Preethi , Kagatikar Sneha
Published: May 2023

The corrosion behaviour of 6061Al-15 % (v) SiC (P) composite was investigated in a 0.5 M HCl medium using electrochemical techniques. A water-soluble inhibitor, N-(1-morpholinobenzyl) semicarbazide (NMSc), was synthesised to test its corrosion inhibition activity on 6061Al-15 % (v) SiC (P) composite. The inhibitor showed cathodic-type behaviour and 95.42 % inhibition efficiency at 2.56 mM concentration and 303 K temperature. The thermodynamic results revealed the inhibitor’s physisorption, which followed Langmuir’s isotherm model. A drastic reduction in corrosion current density in the inhibited medium indicates that the inhibitor effectively controls the deterioration of the composite in the HCl medium. A significant rise in polarisation resistance on increasing inhibitor concentration offers greater resistance for the charge transfer process, ensuring better control over the composite corrosion. The surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirms the inhibitor film formation on the composite. The quantum chemical theoretical calculations supported the electrochemical results.