bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing reaction times
Authors: Harald Baayen R. , Milin Petar
Published: June 2017

Reaction times (RTs) are an important source of information in experimental psychology. Classical methodological considerations pertaining to the statistical analysis of RT data are optimized for analyses of aggregated data, based on subject or item means (c.f., Forster & Dickinson, 1976). Mixed-effects modeling (see, e.g., Baayen, Davidson, & Bates, 2008) does not require prior aggregation and allows the researcher the more ambitious goal of predicting individual responses. Mixed-modeling calls for a reconsideration of the classical methodological strategies for analysing rts. In this study, we argue for empirical exibility with respect to the choice of transformation for the RTs. We advocate minimal a-priori data trimming, combined with model criticism. We also show how trial-to-trial, longitudinal dependencies between individual observations can be brought into the statistical model. These strategies are illustrated for a large dataset with a non-trivial random-effects structure. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of interactions involving fixed-effect factors that partition the levels sampled by random-effect factors.
Relationship between violence and social integration in classrooms of elementary education
Authors: Rodríguez Escobar Francisco Javier , Hernández Granda Eva , Herrero Olaizola Juan , Estrada Pineda Cristina , Chan Gamba Claudia , Bringas Molleda Carolina
Published: June 2017

The aggressiveness in the school classrooms is a growing up phenomenon that is now in the center of the social concern. This study was conducted in a Elementary School Center at The Principality of Asturias, and aims to establish the relationship between the interactions the children make with their peers and the violent behaviors inside of the school based on the age and gender. Participants were 132 students. The results support the idea that boys show more violent behavior than girls, the age issue was significant (the upper grade of the student means more use of the violence). Besides the kids seen by their teacher as violent are rejected and less popular in the class; this does not happen in the case of both girls and the children of the lower grades, because there is not a significant correlation between aggressiveness and integration into the group
The components of cognitive vulnerability to generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: H. Londoño Nora , B. Jiménez Erika , Juárez Fernando , A. Marín Carlos
Published: June 2017

The components of cognitive vulnerability to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were identified. We performed a comparative analysis between the cognitive profile of patients diagnosed with GAD (69 adults) and a control group with no diagnosis (69 adults). They were completed the MINI International Neuropsyquiatric Interview, the Young Schemes Questionnaire -YSQ-, the Core Beliefs Questionnaire for Personality Disorders -CCE-TP-, the Inventory of Automatic Thoughts -IPA-, and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire -EEC-M-. The cognitive profile of GAD comprised patterns of abandonment, mistrust/abuse, uncompromising standards and insufficient self-control/self-discipline. Associated personality disorders were dependent, paranoid, avoidant, schizotypal, borderline and antisocial. Cognitive distortions were filtering or selective abstraction (low scores), and significantly higher scores in polarized thinking, overgeneralization, interpretation of thought, catastrophic vision, fallacy of control, emotional reasoning and fallacy of change. Coping strategies were high aggressive reaction, expression of coping difficulty, denial, and low positive reappraisal.
Cognitive alterations in juvenile Parkinson´s disease caused by the C212Y mutation in the Parkin gene.
Authors: Moreno Sonia , Buriticá Omar , Franco Alejandro , Pineda Nicolás , Arias William , Sepúlveda Diego , Aguirre Camilo , Tamayo William , Uribe Santiago , Bedoya Gabriel , Ruiz-Linares Andrés , Lopera Francisco
Published: June 2017

In Antioquia, Colombia, four families have been reported with juvenile Parkinson´s disease and carrying the C212Y mutation in the Parkin gene. Many cognitive alterations associated with idiopathic, late-onset Parkinson´s disease have been described; however, little attention has been paid to the description of neuropsychological profiles in families carrying mutations in genes associated with juvenile Parkinson´s disease. For this study we selected a group of ten homozygous carriers of Parkin mutation C212Y with the clinical and a group of molecular diagnosis of Parkinson´s disease, and ten healthy relatives as controls. The neuropsychological evaluation revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05) in Minimental State Examination and in tests evaluating working memory and attention in which prolonged execution times and marked slowing down of information processing were observed. We suggest that the observed alterations could be considered as neuropsychological features of patients with the C212Y mutation in the Parkin gene, the phenotypic expression of which seems to be associated in this population with slow evolution, mild cognitive impairment and functional involvement.
Efficacy beliefs training: a proposal to reduce burnout and improve levels of engagement among employees
Authors: Raigosa Gallego Dayhana , Marín Londoño Beatriz
Published: June 2017

The organizations have had major changes in recent years due to industrialization processes, technology evolution and the consequences of globalization. This situation leads to an increased competition and development of dynamics involving radical and extreme restructuring work processes that can be a cause for adverse events in employee’s health. This article explores the role played of efficacy beliefs between the employees’ perception of facilitators and levels of engagement within organizations.
Meaningful learning trough planning didactic secuences, execution and asessment in the psychology
Authors: Ramirez Gonzalez Dora Aide , Cardona Marín Álvaro Diego
Published: June 2017

The text shows how is possible the meaningful learning for apprentices trough the use of miscellaneous infovirtual sources and didactic sequences of planning, execution and assessment of the family subjects, psycholinguistics and psychometrics from the psychology program of the “Católica del Norte Fundación Universitaria”. The methodology used is qualitative, documentary and hermeneutic analysis. The main finding is the exploration and analysis of the planning didactic sequences, execution and assessment with each academic and administrative, logical, technological, methodological and didactic resources. Those resources were available for the subjects and are necessary to achieve a long-lasting, applied and important learning in the meaningful context for students
Exploratory data analysis in the context of data mining and resampling.
Authors: Ho Yu Chong
Published: June 2017

Today there are quite a few widespread misconceptions of exploratory data analysis (EDA). One of these misperceptions is that EDA is said to be opposed to statistical modeling. Actually, the essence of EDA is not about putting aside all modeling and preconceptions; rather, researchers are urged not to start the analysis with a strong preconception only, and thus modeling is still legitimate in EDA. In addition, the nature of EDA has been changing due to the emergence of new methods and convergence between EDA and other methodologies, such as data mining and resampling. Therefore, conventional conceptual frameworks of EDA might no longer be capable of coping with this trend. In this article, EDA is introduced in the context of data mining and resampling with an emphasis on three goals: cluster detection, variable selection, and pattern recognition. TwoStep clustering, classification trees, and neural networks, which are powerful techniques to accomplish the preceding goals, respectively, are illustrated with concrete examples.
Clustering as an EDA method: the case of pedestrian directional flow behavior.
Authors: Teknomo Kardi , E. Estuar Ma. Regina
Published: June 2017

Given the data of pedestrian trajectories in NTXY format, three clustering methods of K Means, Expectation Maximization (EM) and Affinity Propagation were utilized as Exploratory Data Analysis to find the pattern of pedestrian directional flow behavior. The analysis begins without a prior notion regarding the structure of the pattern and it consequentially infers the structure of directional flow pattern. Significant similarities in patterns for both individual and instantaneous walking angles based on EDA method are reported and explained in case studies.
Robust analysis of the central tendency, simple and multiple regression and ANOVA: a step by step tutorial.
Authors: S. Courvoisier Delphine , Renaud Olivier
Published: June 2017

After much exertion and care to run an experiment in social science, the analysis of data should not be ruined by an improper analysis. Often, classical methods, like the mean, the usual simple and multiple linear regressions, and the ANOVA require normality and absence of outliers, which rarely occurs in data coming from experiments. To palliate to this problem, researchers often use some ad-hoc methods like the detection and deletion of outliers. In this tutorial, we will show the shortcomings of such an approach. In particular, we will show that outliers can sometimes be very difficult to detect and that the full inferential procedure is somewhat distorted by such a procedure. A more appropriate and modern approach is to use a robust procedure that provides estimation, inference and testing that are not influenced by outlying observations but describes correctly the structure for the bulk of the data. It can also give diagnostic of the distance of any point or subject relative to the central tendency. Robust procedures can also be viewed as methods to check the appropriateness of the classical methods. To provide a step-by-step tutorial, we present descriptive analyses that allow researchers to make an initial check on the conditions of application of the data. Next, we compare classical and robust alternatives to ANOVA and regression and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we present indices and plots that are based on the residuals of the analysis and can be used to determine if the conditions of applications of the analyses are respected. Examples on data from psychological research illustrate each of these points and for each analysis and plot, R code is provided to allow the readers to apply the techniques presented throughout the article.
How to fit models of recognition memory data using maximum likelihood.
Authors: C. Dunn John
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is to provide an introductory tutorial to how to fit different models of recognition memory using maximum likelihood estimation. It is in four main parts. The first part describes how recognition memory data is collected and analysed. The second part introduces four current models that will be fitted to the data. The third part describes in detail how a model is fit using maximum likelihood estimation. The fourth part examines how the fit of a model can be evaluated and the appropriate statistical test applied.
Bayesian methods in psychological research: the case of IRT.
Authors: González Burgos Jorge
Published: June 2017

Bayesian methods have become increasingly popular in social sciences due to its flexibility in accommodating numerous models from different fields. The domain of item response theory is a good example of fruitful research, incorporating in the lasts years new developments and models, which are being estimated using the Bayesian approach. This is partly because of the availability of free software such as WinBUGS and R, which has permitted researchers to explore new possibilities. In this paper we outline the Bayesian inference for some IRT models. It is briefly explained how the Bayesian method works. The implementation of Bayesian estimation in conventional software is discussed and sets of codes for running the analyses are provided. All the applications are exemplified using simulated and real data sets.
Cognitive predictors of reading comprehension levels using discriminant analysis
Authors: Canet-Juric Lorena , Urquijo Sebastián , Marta Richard`s María , Burin Débora
Published: June 2017

Reading comprehension is a complex skill, which involves different cognitive processes such as monitoring, working memory, interference suppression and resolution inferences. The aim of this work is to evaluate the discriminative ability of these processes, to differentiate levels of reading comprehension, in children between 8 and 9 years of age (N = 89) of public, and private, schools, in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina. For this, specific tests were administered to each of these processes. The results distinguished two discriminant functions; the first one was the only that distinguished between individuals with good or bad comprehension abilities. A good level of reading comprehension implied to be efficient in the use of language skills (monitoring, inference, vocabulary), and, also, having abilities of processing (working memory). In contrast, the failure in general processing skills, such as phonological working memory or deficit in the ability to relate concepts (vocabulary), appeared to be characteristic of individuals with bad comprehension skills.
Music therapy intervention to promote prosociality and to reduce the risk of aggression in children of primary basic and preschool in Bogota, Colombia
Authors: Guevara Parra Mónica del Pilar
Published: June 2017

Our purpose in this intervention was to promote prosociality and to reduce the aggressiveness risk between primary and preschool students by implementing music therapy sessions. A quasi experimental study was adopted, considering pre-test and pos-test, as part of a model program of early prevention of aggressiveness at a secondary level focused on a specific group of children. Eighteen subjects between 5 and 9 years old were divided into three groups. The first group received the whole music therapy intervention (30 sessions), the second group received an incomplete music therapy treatment (15 sessions) and the third group or control group didnt get any intervention. Results showed that music therapy had significant effects on direct aggressiveness in the experimental groups one and two, whereas it didnt have any important result on indirect aggressiveness for the same groups. In reference to prosociality, music therapy intervention only affected the second group. In this specific case we concluded that music therapy represents an efficient secondary prevention strategy to reduce the direct aggressiveness risk.
Identity considerations for a psychology based on a complex epistemology
Authors: Jaramillo Estrada Juan Carlos
Published: June 2017

Born in the late nineteenth century, within the positivist paradigm, psychology has made important developments that have allowed its recognition in academia and labor. However, contextual issues have transformed the way we conceptualize reality, the world and man, perhaps in response to the poor capacity of the inherited paradigm to ensure quality of life and welfare of human beings. This has led to the birth and recognition of new paradigms, including complex epistemology, in various fields of the sphere of knowledge, which include the subjectivity, uncertainty, relativity of knowledge, conflict, the inclusion of "the observed" as an active part of the interventions and the relativity of a single knowable reality to move to co-constructed realities. It is proposed an approach to the identity consequences for a psychology based on complex epistemology, and the possible differences and relations with psychology, traditionally considered.
Critical review of problem solving processes traditional theoretical models
Authors: Botía Sanabria María Lucero , Orozco Pulido Luis Humberto
Published: June 2017

This paper presents a brief analysis of most known problem solving theoretical models realized using epistemological categories such as observer position, object of study, methods and procedures, and descriptive or explicative scope. The review showed linear and cyclical models, the need to recognize method's limitations to generalizing, the relevance of expliciting observer position, and a diffuse delimitation of the object problem solving as a cognitive process. An integrative and molar theoretical model of problem solving as a dependent variable is proposed whose variations go with critical cognitive processes (information processing, comprehension, reasoning, cognitive styles, and attitudes). Its molar feature refers to that it integrates basic and high order processes in a general cognitive activity; this proposal has to be extensively tested.
Psychometric properties of the general self-efficacy scale in a Colombian sample
Authors: Juárez Fernando , Contreras Francoise
Published: June 2017

The self-efficacy construct has been studied from two different viewpoints. Firstly, in a specific manner, as it was originally proposed and secondly, in a generalized way, defined as an optimistic self-belief of personal capability to cope efficiently and competently with a variety of situations. In order to measure this construct at the broadest level the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE) was designed and adapted to Spanish in Costa Rica. This study aimed at validating the scale in a Colombian sample composed of college students. Participants were also administered the Situational Personality Questionnaire (named in Spanish as Cuestionario de Personalidad Situacional, CPS) and its factors have, theoretically speaking, a certain relationship with the studied construct. According to the results, the GSE showed a high internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha value of .83). Convergent and discriminant validity of this instrument were evaluated through the CPS and positive correlations were obtained with efficacy, confidence, self-concept and emotional stability while negative correlations were obtained with anxiety. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the unidimensional structure of the scale was validated.
Leadership: prospects for development and research
Authors: Contreras Francoise
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study is to raise some theoretical issues of development on the theme of leadership, through the retrospective analysis of the concept. This raises the need to continue studying the leadership from perspectives increasingly broad and comprehensive so that they can embrace the complexity of the phenomenon. It was also emphasizes the importance of conducting applied research to serve as sustenance for the development of models of leadership adjusted to the current conditions of the organizations.
Anguish neurosis today
Authors: Correa Uribe Jorge Enrique
Published: June 2017

The anguish neurosis, as a concept and clinical nosological category, is strictly Freudian, and was born in the field of psychoanalysis. It surges in opposition to the concept of psychoneurosis, and for that reason, their symptoms are not interpretable and to that extent, they are not affordable by psychoanalysis. But despite that, the anguish neurosis retains all its value, while its symptoms are particular applications of libido and require a revision of this notion in light of new psychoanalytical research. It also contributes to an understanding of the formation of symptoms in hysteria and obsession, as a reflection on the relationship of sexuality with the real. The problem of the anguish and the two theories of Freud on this: as a result of repression and as a result, warrants a reflection on this paradox. Lacan refers to the real anguish, to define it as its sole subjective translation and therefore, as an affection that does not fool, and can tackle it from the logical consistency of the object, while retaining the Freudian perspective in which the anguish is not interpretable, and if it is not interpretable, we have to pass through in the analysis.
Participación social y política: estudios de liderazgos femeninos en bogotá y Cundinamarca (Colombia)
Authors: Cortés Ramírez Dennys Andrea , Parra Alfonso Gladys , Domínguez Blanco María Elvia
Published: June 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores psicosociales que subyacen a procesos participativos en mujeres colombianas. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad a diecisiete (17) mujeres líderes, jóvenes y adultas que pertenecen a organizaciones sociales de Bogotá y Cundinamarca de los sectores comunitario, político, cultural y sindical. El análisis fue realizado desde las perspectivas de la psicología social crítica y de género. Se encontró que las principales motivaciones para iniciar la participación estaban relacionadas con el mayor acceso a bienes y servicios. La participación en distintas organizaciones y redes sociales facilitó procesos de empoderamiento en los niveles personal, de las relaciones cercanas y colectivas.
Medicina comportamental del sueño: un campo emergente dentro de la psicología de la salud y la medicina del sueño
Authors: Marín Agudelo Hernán Andrés , Lopera Francisco
Published: June 2017

La medicina comportamental del sueño, es una subespecialización de la medicina del sueño y la psicología clínica y de la salud, encargada específicamente de la explicación de focos (cognitivo-comportamentales), importantes en la identificación de los factores psicológicos que contribuyen al desarrollo y/o el mantenimiento de los trastornos del sueño. Además de ser una especialización en el desarrollo de técnicas de evaluación e intervención cognitivocomportamentales empírico-validadas y otras medidas interventivas de corte no farmacológico para el espectro entero de los trastornos del sueño, se ocupa del desarrollo de estrategias que permitan identificar los aspectos relacionados con la calidad de vida en salud y las patologías del sueño, y de la relación entre estrés y sueño. Muchas investigaciones se han desarrollado desde esta óptica, lo mismo que muchas disciplinas han aportado para la configuración de este campo de acción, el cual atañe tanto a psicólogos como a otros profesionales de la salud en general.
Microbial source tracking in highly vulnerable karst drinking water resources
Authors: Diston D. , Robbi R. , Baumgartner A. , Felleisen R.
Published: June 2017

Water resources situated in areas with underlying karst geology are particularly vulnerable to fecal pollution. In such vulnerable systems, microbial source tracking (MST) methods are useful tools to elucidate the pathways of both animal and human fecal pollution, leading to more accurate water use risk assessments. Here, we describe the application of a MST toolbox using both culture-dependent bacteriophage and molecular-dependent 16S rRNA assays at spring and well sites in the karstic St Imier Valley, Switzerland. Culture-dependent and molecular-dependent marker performance varied significantly, with the 16S rRNA assays displaying greater sensitivity than their phage counterpart; HF183 was the best performing human wastewater-associated marker while Rum2Bac was the best performing ruminant marker. Differences were observed in pollution regimes between the well and spring sampling sites, with the spring water being more degraded than the well site. Our results inform the choice of marker selection for MST studies and highlight differences in microbial water quality between well and spring karst sites.
Cervical Cancer Screening in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Nik Nairan , Al-Kubaisy Waqar , Mohamad Mokhtar Mazlin
Published: June 2017

A total of 384 females aged 20 years and above from two urban health centres in Selangor were recruited to determine the cervical cancer screening behaviours.Researchers used a set of questionnaires to collect data. The prevalence of ever undergone Pap smear was 58.1%.Working commitment was a significant barrier to performing Pap smear among non-performers with higher educational level relative to those with lower educational level. Non- Malays were four times more likely to perceive cost as a barrier. Older women perceivedworry due to Pap smear less likely compared to those younger.Keywords: urban;cervicalcancer;screening;barriers.2398-4295 © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Development of Non-structural Flood Mitigation Policies and Measures for Pekan town, Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Mohit Mohammad , Mohamed Sellu Gajikoh
Published: June 2017

Floods bring miseries to the life of thousands of Malaysians every year. Pekan town, located on the banks of the Pahang River, regularly suffers both economic damages and physical destructions caused by the floods. It is anticipated that the climate change effects through a rise in the sea-level, will aggravate the flooding situation of the town. This paper studies the flood situation of Pekan town, assesses the intensity of flood damages, anticipates the severity of flooding due to sea-level rise and finally, comes up with the community-based sustainable flood mitigation policies and measures for the townKeywords: Climate change; Flood disaster management; Flood damages; nonstructural measures.2398-4295 © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Islamic-Iranian Regionalization of Rapoport’s Environmental Behaviour Study (EBS) Model for Home Space Design
Authors: Labibzadeh Razieh , Noghrekar AbdolHamid , Hamzenejad Mahdi , Khanmohammadi MohammadAli
Published: June 2017

This study aims to present an adapted model of Rapoport’s environmental-behavioural study model for home interior spaces design according to family relations in Islam. Suggested model is designed in regards to Islamic content in the boundaries of Islamic-Iranian concept. The research results were confirmed by the use of Delphi Method. Proficiency examination of this model, introduced as an educational tool of home space design model, was carried out through two undergraduate student groups of analyse and control. Results show that the analysed group designed their home space system in relevant to Islamic thought by high percentage, whereas no much difference is noticeable in creativity and aesthetic aspects of both examined groupsKeywords: Environmental Behaviour Studies; Home Space Design Model; Design Education; Islam2398-4295 © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Study of Gaseous Emissions Derived from the Combustion of Diesel/Beef Tallow Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Lima Marcenilda A. , Linhares Fernanda G. , Mothe Geórgia A. , Priscila P. Castro Maria , S. Sthel Marcelo
Published: June 2017

Air pollution is one of the main environmental problems of modern society. The road and transportation segment is a key source of polluting gases worldwide. In its research for transportation’s emission reduction alternatives, the Brazilian government instituted a wide-spread biodiesel, adding 7% (B7) of biodiesel to the diesel used in the country. Therefore, studies such as this must be carried out to guarantee the environmental sustainability of the new matrix of renewable energies, with the use of biofuels, as well as evaluate the gases emitted to for the environment by the combustion of the same ones. This work was detected CO, CO2 and NO gas emissions released into the atmosphere from the combustion of blends diesel/beef tallow biodiesel in a bench-scale engine. Using electrochemical sensors, the of these gases concentration were successfully registered for two modes of operation of the engine diesel, low rotation, 3500 rpm, and high rotation, 7000 rpm. The CO levels in this experiment in low rotation varied between values minimum and maximum range of 866.7 to 1333.3 ppm, and in high rotation, ranging of 666 and 1000 ppm respectively. For the CO2 concentration in low rotation varied between values minimum and maximum range of 2.1 to 2.4%, and high rotation, ranging of 2.2 to 2.5%, and for NO concentrations of the samples for the mode low rotation had a variation of 83 to 109.5 ppm, and for high rotation were 81.7 to 98.7 ppm respectively.
Physical Quality of Life Benchmark for Unsafe Slums in Egypt
Authors: ElFouly Heba A. , El Aziz Noha A.
Published: June 2017

Enhancing the quality of life in urban settle ments is one of the most significant challenges facing governments. In the case of unsafe-slums, the challenge is even more problematical, as slum dwellers not only suffer from substandard housing, devoid of basic necessities and unhealthy urban conditions, but they are exposed to danger. This paper focuses on extracting the most significant physical QoLindices in unsafe-slums in Egypt, taking into account the limited designated investments and the temporary situation of suchslums. Interviews with central governments (ISDF, GOPP), local authorities (Cairo and Gizagovernates), and urban planning experts were conducted, in addition to secondary data collected from reports andresearches. The study reveals that the first priority to uplift the QoL, is to reserve the household health by providing adequate and low-cost water supply, sanitation and solid waste management. While enhancing services, housing condition and increasing economic activities is not prompt, as it probably will result in rooting the community to unsafe neighborhoods. Finally, the study proposed a paradigm that differentiates between the QoLbench mark for unsafe slums subjected to relocation strategies and other types of slums to be upgraded and developed.
How Science Classroom Teaching Styles May Influence Interest Scores of Different Boredom Types
Authors: Gerstner Sabine , Bogner Franz X.
Published: June 2017

Our study deals with the application of a quantitative boredom item battery for testing the trait-boredom variable within science lessons of different classroom situations. 298 5th graders participated in this study. We monitored “mental underload”, “unused learning time” and “mental
overload” by extracting four boredom types by cluster analysis which we subsequently labelled “optimally challenged”, “moderately challenged”, “reluctant” and “bored”. Our data identified 23% of our sample group as being bored during science instruction. Therefore we applied an innovative, alternative teaching style (in this case a student-centred, hands-on instruction). While Highest scores in interest and lowest ones in this new instruction generally were showed those boredom types which are associated with satisfied with science classroom situations. Our data identified 23% of our sample group as being bored during science instruction even when an innovative, alternative teaching style (in
this case a student-centred, hands-on instruction) was applied. We conclude the knowledge about the described factors may substantially support science teachers to optimize their classroom efforts and to
serve their students’ individual needs in science lessons.
Na contramão do discurso midiático: uma perspectiva garantista da atuação do delegado ou da delegada de polícia
Authors: Mendes Soraia da Rosa , Burin Patrícia Tiraboschi
Published: June 2017

Observado o interesse geral pelas ações policiais, em especial pelas prisões realizadas, parece natural que o jornalismo investigativo, se valendo da liberdade constitucional de imprensa, pretenda divulgar os resultados das suas operações. Partindo da constatação da prática policial de expor à mídia o desviante detido logo após a sua captura, transformando este momento processual num espetáculo nem sempre admissível, e considerando os seus direitos e garantias constitucionais, especialmente a dignidade da pessoa humana, a presunção de inocência e os direitos de imagem (que não lhe são restringidos nem mesmo com a condenação definitiva), este artigo pretende, com base em pesquisa doutrinária, refletir a respeito da postura a ser adotada pela autoridade policial nessa situação. Questiona-se se há alguma circunstância em que a exposição do desviante detido é justificável. A hipótese é que cabe à autoridade policial resguardar a imagem daquele desviante detido, a menos que sua exposição seja necessária à investigação criminal.
Il “captatore informatico” come strumento di ricerca della prova in Italia
Authors: Caprioli Francesco
Published: June 2017

Il codice italiano di procedura penale non contiene alcuna disciplina delle indagini effettuate con l’ausilio di malwares del tipo “cavallo di Troia” installati in un dispositivo elettronico come uno smartphone o un tablet. Questo articolo spiega in quali casi, e a quali condizioni, atti investigativi di questo genere possono essere ugualmente considerati ammissibili secondo la legge processuale italiana, e illustra i contenuti dei principali progetti di riforma concernenti questa materia che sono attualmente in discussione nel Parlamento italiano.
Editorial: O fascínio do conhecimento do Direito Processual Penal na era do “protagonismo jurisdicional” e da comunicação científica digital
Authors: Capparelli Bruna
Published: June 2017

Vários setores do conhecimento hoje são marcados por caracteres que crescem, exortam, modificam. Considera-se os recíprocos influxos entre Direito Processual Penal, qualidade da palavra e interpretação; academia, transmissão do saber e avanço tecnológico. Essas são somente algumas das junções que permeiam e determinam hoje todo o sistema, cujos nexos e os espaços de interseção estão em constante modificação. Este editorial parte da convicção de que a matéria do Processo Penal não pode conter em si mesma tudo aquilo que é necessário ao jurista, não podendo ignorar-se os efeitos das transformações típicas dos nossos tempos. Diante desse cenário, portanto, questiona-se qual a função exercida pela academia, pelo pesquisador e pelo editor em relação à própria responsabilidade na produção e difusão do conhecimento científico.
Salazar, Clara Eugenia (coord.), Irregular: suelo y mercado en América Latina, México, El Colegio de México, 2012
Authors: Varkey Ann
Published: June 2017

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Patela en guijarro como variación anatómica: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: García Martha Bernal , Walteros Myriam Sofía Buitrago
Published: June 2017

La patela (rótula) término anatómico internacional, es un hueso corto, aplanado de adelante hacia atrás, de forma triangular y base superior. Es un sesamoideo, desarrollado en el espesor de la inserción terminal del músculo cuádriceps femoral. Wiberg la clasificó según sus variaciones anatómicas en tres tipos: el I, con facetas medial y lateral cóncavas y de igual tamaño;el II, ambas facetas cóncavas, pero la medial más pequeña que la lateral; y el III, con una pequeña faceta medial convexa. Baumgartl agregó la de tipo IV, en gorro de cazador alpino y la de guijarro, que se considera una de tipo Wiberg II normal, por ser la más frecuente. En el presente trabajo se describe el caso de la variación anatómica de la patela en guijarro, en una paciente de 19 años de edad, con historia clínica de luxación recidivante de la patela. Los medios de apoyo diagnóstico reportaron luxación patelar bilateral y ángulo del surco femoral aplanado, bilateral. En el análisis imagenológico se observó disminución del tamaño de la patela, inadecuada relación entre las interlíneas fémoro-patelar y posición anatómica de la patela en su trayecto troclear. Se hicieron mediciones fundamentales sobre las radiografías y se establecieron criterios de valoración de los resultados. Se concluyó que la patela en guijarro presentaba carillas articulares aplanadas y ángulo de apertura superior a 140°. Dichas características anatómicas de la variación inciden directamente en la biomecánica de la rodilla, la alineación fémoro-patelar y la línea de tracción del músculo cuádriceps.
Prevalencia de lesiones músculo esqueléticas en docentes de odontología de una Universidad de Bogotá. año 2013
Authors: Malangón Fajardo Luz Amanda , Murillo Pintor Oscar Fernando , Thomas Alvarado Yeily Isabel , Pinilla Edgar Antonio Ibáñez
Published: June 2017

Introducción: La odontología no está exenta de producir lesiones por las malas prácticas laborales y de afectar a los profesionales en su desempeño por el uso inadecuado de las herramientas, por su carencia o por la gran carga laboral. Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia de las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas en docentes de Odontología que ejercen su profesión. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal en una población de docentes de Odontología de una universidad de Bogotá en 2013. La muestra fue de 85 profesionales que respondieron la encuesta basada en la escala visual análoga y las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas. Resultados. El 78,3% de los docentes presentaron dolor muscular, el 73,3%, de la población consideraba que el origen del dolor osteomuscular – osteoarticular era la práctica clínica, y el 60,3% presento dolor articular durante la atención clínica. La ubicación del paciente le había generado dolor al 76,2 % de los docentes. Los procedimientos con los cuales más se había sentido dolor, fueron los de rehabilitación oral, seguido de los de endodoncia. Se había sentido más dolor después de la jornada laboral. La frecuencia con que se visitaba al médico fue de una vez al año y cada vez que se sentía enfermo, las razones por las que no se asistían al médico fueron falta de tiempo y ausencia de síntomas. El diagnóstico predominante fue tendinitis y en segundo lugar la escoliosis. Conclusión. Los profesionales presentaron menos dolor que otras poblaciones, posiblemente por tener trabajos de clínica combinados con docencia y porque conocen los riesgos posturales, aunque no toman las precauciones necesarias. Palabras clave: dolor, ergonomía, personal de odontología, músculo-esquelético, docentes de odontología
Divertículo del íleo o de Meckel: descripción de un caso anatómico
Authors: Sánchez-Capacho Nohora
Published: June 2017

Introducción. Las alteraciones del conducto onfalomesentérico son un grupo de entidades raras; la presentación más frecuente es el divertículo del íleo o de Merckel, el cual se considera una anormalidad congénita del tubo digestivo. Objetivo. Describir las características anatómicas del divertículo del íleo hallado en una pieza anatómica de un adulto en el Laboratorio de Morfología de la Universidad de Boyacá. Métodos. Se llevaron a cabo la revisión de literatura, el análisis macroscópico de la pieza anatómica, el análisis de los resultados y las conclusiones. Resultados. El divertículo del íleo, localizado a 86 cm de la válvula ileocecal, midió, en su mayor longitud, 7 cm; en su menor longitud, 5,5 cm; en su base, 4 cm, y en su diámetro medio, 3 cm. Conclusiones. Las características anatómicas fueron similares a las reportadas en la literatura científica. Esta enfermedad puede manifestarse por síntomas y signos comunes, como dolor abdominal, hemorragia digestiva baja y cuadros de obstrucción intestinal, originando errores diagnósticos y tratamientos tardíos, lo que conduce a una elevada mortalidad. El resultado de esta investigación constituye un elemento importante en la construcción de material disponible para la enseñanza de la anatomía humana en los estudiantes de pregrado, permitiendo orientar de forma específica el diagnóstico y el manejo de esta enfermedad. Palabras clave: divertículo del íleo, divertículo de Meckel, características anatómicas.
¿Por qué hablamos, aún, de sexualidad “humana”?
Authors: Viola Francisco Juan José
Published: June 2017

La sexualidad, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) es definida de una manera amplia que incluye varios elementos que hacen de ella una noción multidimensional (1). Es más, se puede afirmar que, en la actualidad, es una evidencia indiscutible que la sexualidad incluye lo genital pero que lo excede ampliamente. Así, tanto el “modelo de salud sexual” (2) como el “modelo de doble control” (3), la “teoría de sistema sexológica” (4), la “declaración de los derechos sexuales” (5) o las “directrices de la Unesco sobre educación sexual” (6), todos estos documentos apuntan a una idea de sexualidad integral que incluye diferentes dimensiones y que, en todos lados, siempre se remarca que no debe restringirse a lo genital. Esta claridad conceptual sobre la amplitud de la sexualidad adquiere aún nuevas dimensiones desde la actualización del concepto de salud sexual (1,7), el cual, recordemos, se utiliza a nivel profesional como sinónimo de sexualidad (8). Todo este esfuerzo conceptual busca establecer que el concepto de salud sexual “no se limita a la ausencia de enfermedad o disfunción, ni se limita su importancia a los años reproductivos” (9). Es más, se apunta a que la salud sexual se considere “como un elemento básico de la salud y del bienestar sobre la longevidad” (10). Evidentemente, todo ello no condice –ni semántica ni científicamente– con el habitual reduccionismo a lo genital que parece inevitable, tanto a nivel popular como a nivel de publicaciones científicas.
Investigación en pregrado, semilleros de investigación y creación del SemiLAC
Authors: Morales Alfonso Rodríguez , López Andrés Felipe
Published: June 2017

La utopía es, según Eduardo Galeano, el horizonte hacia el cual avanzan nuestros sueños; si caminamos diez pasos, el horizonte se mueve diez pasos hacia adelante, y esta es la gran razón de la utopía, hacernos avanzar, hacernos perseguir aquello que parece inalcanzable. De igual manera, la investigación científica en salud debe encaminarse hacia grandes metas, reales y actualizadas con el estado de salud de la población investigada; si apuntamos nuestros esfuerzos hacia estos grandes sueños, haremos pequeños avances bien encaminados.
Inserción del enfermero en el mercado de trabajo internacional: relato de una experiencia
Authors: De Castro Carolina Heluy , Vílchez Ángel Manuel de la Fuente
Published: June 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el proceso de inserción laboral de una enfermera al mercado de trabajo internacional. El relato fue realizado a partir de las vivencias de una profesional brasileña en España, después de la convalidación de su título en el país de destino. La actual facilidad de acortar distancias y cruzar forteras facilita el intercambio de experiencias entre estudiantes y profesionales de diferentes paises. El intercambio de conocimientos entre las distintas realidades es una de las formas de promover el desarrollo de la Enfermería en el mundo. Algunas características son altamente deseables al perfíl del profesional que desea una experiencia internacional. El presente artículo enfatiza los factores que facilitaron o dificultaron la inserción en este mercado laboral, destacando el valor de la vivencia internacional en el mundo globalizado.
Validez del cuestionario CISS-V15 para el diagnóstico de la insuficiencia de convergencia
Authors: Arenas Mejía Catherine , Tavera Perez Ingrid Sulay
Published: June 2017

Introducción. El cuestionario Convergence Insufficiency Symptoms Survey, (CISS-V15) es una herramienta para el diagnóstico y seguimiento del tratamiento de pacientes con insuficiencia de convergencia.

Objetivo. Determinar la validez del cuestionario CISS-V15 para el diagnóstico de la insuficiencia de convergencia, frente a las pruebas clínicas con que se evalúa el estado motor ocular de los pacientes atendidos en consulta optométrica, en las ciudades de Recife y Salvador, Brasil.

Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo transversal y descriptivo, con 50 pacientes de dos instituciones educativas en Brasil. Se seleccionaron aquellos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión para aplicar el cuestionario, y se identificaron los pacientes con insuficiencia de convergencia y aquellos con visión binocular normal. Se analizaron los resultados del cuestionario y las pruebas de motilidad ocular, para estimar medidas de tendencia central, y analizar los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad del cuestionario.

Resultados. La prueba alcanzó una sensibilidad de 0,83 y una especificidad de 0,81.

Conclusiones. Frente a las pruebas clínicas, el cuestionario CISS-V15 demostró tener validez diagnóstica para las personas con insuficiencia de convergencia y aquellas con visión binocular normal, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta valiosa para el diagnóstico y seguimiento del tratamiento de los pacientes con insuficiencia de convergencia.

Palabras clave: trastornos de la motilidad ocular, visión binocular, astenopia, diplopía, validez de las pruebas.
Impacto de la separación materna durante la lactancia sobre el tamaño del cerebro y en otros aspectos morfofisiológicos
Authors: Patiño Jenny , Corredor Laura , Dueñas Zulma
Published: June 2017

El vínculo materno es fundamental para el establecimiento y mantenimiento de las redes sinápticas, y el desarrollo morfofisiológico y emocional de los individuos. Los niños maltratados o rechazados son más propensos a desarrollar psicopatologías. Los modelos animales permiten una aproximación experimental a mecanismos involucrados en alteraciones ocasionadas por estrés temprano.
Actividad antibacteriana de extractos de Gnaphaliumpoly cephalumMichx contraS. aureus, E. coli y P. aeruginosa
Authors: Ramírez Rueda Román Yesid , Mojica Ávila Diana Natalia
Published: June 2017

y la investigación de nuevos antibióticos han decrecido de forma tal que, en la actualidad, las opciones terapéuticas ante infecciones causadas por bacterias multirresistentes son realmente pocas. Por lo anterior es necesario buscar alternativas en fuentes naturales como las plantas, que representan uno de los mejores sustratos para la obtención de moléculas con actividad antimicrobiana.