bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGY OF CONDUCTING RECREATIONAL ZONING AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ITS APPLICATION IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Valiyeva Gunel
Published: May 2021

Aim: The main aim of the article to analyze the principles and methodology of recreational zoning, the related theories, as well as the factors, which must be successively considered in this process.

The methodological basis of the article is the theoretical provisions set forth in the works of Azerbaijani and foreign scholars in defining theoretical and methodological peculiarities of the state programs, international experience in the organization of Recreation Zones.

Results: The carried work also demonstrates the feasibility of the conduction of recreational zoning in Azerbaijan, with distinguishing sub-regions within the boundaries of touristic-recreational region of Gusar. The tourism- recreation zone of Gusar specifically predicts the main directions of development of the microdistrict by type of tourism. In accordance to the selection of areas for the Gusar tourism-recreation zone are taken into account the potential for the development of various types of tourism, as well as the suitability for the joint organization of many services. From this point of view, in the formation of recreational tourism zones graphic of dependence is considered the basis for the development of areas. The article shows that the advantages of applying this dependence graphic is suitable for the Gusar recreation and tourism zone. At the same time, the separation of Chilagir-Urva-Khuray, Anig-Laza, Hazra-Sudur micro-recreation regions in the Gusar recreation-tourism zone is due to the existence of similar natural-geographical conditions and conditions for the organization of different types of tourism. The structure of employment is dominated by agriculture and, in part, by tourism. Potato-growing and livestock are the main agricultural sectors.

Scientific novelty: The practical significance of the article is the selection of areas suitable for tourism development in the Gusar Tourism and Recreation Zone, and the forecasting of tourism development trends, taking into account the ecological balance.
CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTONYMS AND OTHER LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC CATEGORIES
Authors: Movchan D. V.
Published: May 2021

The article argues that antonymous words are not isolated in the language but are part of the general scheme of thematic classification of the vocabulary, entering into close ties with representatives of synonymous and polysemantic groups. Proof of this position is the availability of antonymous-synonymous blocks and paradigms of meanings of antonymous words-polysemants in the language. This fact serves to understand the antonymy of lexical as a relationship between members of opposing dichotomous series, as well as expands the boundaries of closed binary structures, which are traditionally used to make antonymous connections. Antonymous relations are established to connect two opposites in pairs, as well as to combine several units into one polynomial structure. Words are found to have more antonyms than the corresponding number of meanings. This proves that some semes of one word are opposed by two or more synonymous antonyms. From the above-mentioned, it follows that the antonyms of polysemous words can be stated only within one family. Such a framework can be defined by limiting the range of antonymous units to a third common concept, under which two antonyms are summed up; establishing the antonyms of polysemous words through the contextual indicative minimum; distinguishing between the direct and figurative meaning of the word. The antonymous connections within the framework of the synonymous-antonymous paradigm are established to demonstrate a qualitatively heterogeneous character, differ in the strength of the manifestation of the relations of opposites and the frequency of practical implementation. The analysis of the manifestations of antonyms between the members of the dichotomous synonymous series allows distinguishing the following types: radial, linear, and cross radial. It is proved that the quantitative indicator of the formation of certain antonymous pairs from among the members of synonymous series depends on the volume of the synonymous series being compared, from the nature of semantic differences of the words of each series, from the emotional, evaluative, and stylistic characteristics of the members of the series, and the distribution of the words with relatively opposite meanings.
A study to assess the patterns of self medication practice among women employees working in health care services
Authors: SA Hafeez , MM Jyotsna , KV Ramanamurthy
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess the patterns of self medication practice among women employees working in health care services. Study design: A non experimental survey approach with descriptive design was selected to understand the patterns of self medication among women employees working in health care services. Study was conducted in OMNI group of Hospitals, Hyderabad, India. Methods: Interview schedule was prepared with systematic reviewed literature and data was obtained from 600 sample selected using convenient sampling technique. Collected data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using statistical package for the social sciences software version-20. Graphical representation was made for significant findings. Results: Women employees under study, 437 (72.8%) stated that they are self medication users which was considerably the highest percentage, majority 250(41.7%) of them have family and friends as there source of knowledge. The study results showed that majority of the sample are using self medication in specific patterns. It also proved that maximum number of sample i.e., 455 (75.8%) inform the physician about self medicated drugs on consultation, 434 (72.3%). Procure drug only from pharmacy, 424 (70.7%) avoid self medication with old prescription and 419 (69.8%) stated that they avoid sharing drugs prescribed to someone else. Conclusion: Self medication is widely practiced among women employees in health care services and is an emerging cause of self induced risk factor for healthy living, due to the knowledge and hand to hand availability of drugs.
Role of electrolytes in determining severity in COVID-19
Authors: R Anita , KC Omkar , K Rohit , KB Rakesh
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease which originated in the city of Wuhan (China) and progressively spread to all the continents and brought the world to a standstill. Various severity markers have been seen to play a role in the COVID-19. International studies have demonstrated role of serum electrolyte in COVID-19 as a potential severity marker. Hence, this study was undertaken in Indian patients. Material and methods: 100 COVID-19 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive patient of non-severe and severe disease of either gender getting admitted to hospital and above 18 years were enrolled in the month of August to September 2020. The mean values of electrolytes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) in non- severe and severe disease were compared and correlated. Results: 100 patients including 70 of non-severe and 30 of severe disease were evaluated. The mean sodiumwas 134.03±6.77mEq/L and 135.5± 6.77mEq/l in the non-severe and the severe groups respectively (p value=0.91); potassium was 4.24±0.61mEq/l and 4.52±0.80 mEq/l respectively (p value=0.75); corrected serum calcium was 8.38±0.74 mg/dl and 8.48±0.74mg/dl respectively (p value = 0.95); phosphorus levels was 3.66±1.99mg/dl and 3.45±1.63 respectively (p value = 0.52); and serum magnesium level was 2.15±0.3 mEq/l and 2.03±0.56 mEq/l (p value = 0.18). The mean level of HsCRP was 30.95±49.41 mg/L in non- severe while 94.78±79.62 mg/L in severe infection (p value=0.03). In the severe group, the electrolyte values were found to be poorly correlated with the hsCRP levels. Conclusion: Electrolytes does not serve as severity markers in COVID-19 in an Indian population.
INDUSTRY CORPORATE INNOVATION RISKS: ЕMPIRICAL RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: Kuznetsova M. O.
Published: May 2021

In the article, a review of Russian and foreign literature was carried out, which allowed to consider the main standards of risk management and quantitative methods of risk assessment. The correlation-regression analysis of risks revealed the most significant risks affecting the efficiency of corporate innovation implementation in industrial companies. These include: misunderstanding the importance of innovation for the company; lack of financial resources for innovation; low level of support for the company’s top management for the introduction of innovative processes. A regression model of the impact of risks on the effectiveness of corporate innovation was built, which will predict the degree of impact of risks on the effectiveness of corporate innovation. Recommendations on improving the risk management system for various levels of innovative development of industrial companies are proposed, which are aimed at increasing the efficiency of introducing corporate innovations in industrial companies and ensuring a high level of competitiveness of companies.
Estimation of all-terminal network reliability using press forward GA with stochastic selection method
Authors: Et. al. Anuradha,
Published: May 2021

Network reliability is an important measure of how well the network meets its design aim and mathematically is the probability that a network will perform communication efficiently for at least a given period of time. The reliability analysis is used for determining the probability of correct functioning of a system in terrain conditions. Estimating the all-terminal network reliability is an NP-hard problem, the press forward Genetic Algorithm is also an alternative to solve the problem of all-terminal network reliability. This paper presents a reliability evaluation method by using a feed-forward genetic algorithm with a random selection of nodes and links i.e., estimate the network reliability such that the flow is not less than a given threshold. To verify the efficiency of an algorithm, various sets of runs are applied to identify the most reliable network and the algorithm is tested on the network size of 2,4,6,8, --------256 nodes with link N(N-1)/2. The results of the algorithm are obtained for all-terminal reliability problem based on close analysis of the complexity of the network. Our assumption for reliability evaluation of node 1 to node N, with link reliability of 50%. Another result of the proposed GA approach is the significant reduction in computational time.
Application of the Balthazar classification in ultrasound diagnostics for severity predicting of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Rudenko V. A. , Kakaulina L. N. , Verzakova I. V.
Published: May 2021

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Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of Cistogaster globosa (Fabricius, 1775) и Cylindromyia interrupta (Meigen, 1824) (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Authors: Aksenenko Evgeniy Vasilyevich , Kondratyeva Mikhailovna Anna
Published: May 2021

The paper describes the ultrastructure of antennal sensilla among two species of tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae). For this purpose, the antennae of the adult flies Cistogaster globosa (Fabricius, 1775) and Cylindromyia interrupta (Meigen, 1824) were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The choice of antennae as structures for studying the receptor organs is explained by the fact that among insects they are the main site of sensilla localization. There is also a high degree of oligomerization of the antenna segments, which determines the concentration of sensilla on the apical segment in the short-tied circular-seam Diptera (Brachycera-Cyclorrhapha), to which the family Tachinidae also belongs. Most of antennal sensilla are morphologically independent elementary sensory formations. Each type of such sensory formations is responsible for one or more functions. Three types of sensilla were identified (trichoid, basiconic and coeloconical) as a result of the analysis of two tachinid species antennae. Trichoid and basiconic sensilla were found among the tachinid fly Cistogaster globosa, and trichoid and coeloconical sensilla were found among Cylindromyia interrupta. A large number of microtrichia was also found on the antenna elements in both tachinid species. Original SEM-images of the ultrastructural organization of the tachinid sensory system are provided; their localization and number per unit area are shown. The obtained data expand our understanding of the role of these morphological structures in the orientation of tachinid fly in the implementation of the reproductive strategy: search for a sexual partner, search for a potential host habitat, and search for a host.
Interrelation of hydrochemical indicators and the microbial community structure in the rivers within oil fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Authors: Arslanova Marina Magomedovna , Shornikova Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2021

Assessing the quality of environmental objects, identifying the causes of pollution and predicting the future state is an urgent and important task, since it is the quality of natural objects that largely determines the state of human health. This paper presents results of the statistical analysis of the data of water quality monitoring in the rivers within oil fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra during 20182019. The correlation analysis (according to Pearson) was carried out to identify the relationships between the samples of hydrochemical parameters and the number of microorganisms of various ecological-trophic groups. As a result of the correlation analysis of the relationship between the indicators of the chemical composition of water, a direct and inverse correlation was obtained for the following indicators: total iron, anionic surfactants, nickel, phenols, copper, sulfates, ammonium ions, lead, phosphates, manganese. The maximum value of the correlation coefficient is observed for Ni and Cr concentrations. For total iron and manganese, a significant positive correlation is also revealed. The distribution of chemical compounds in the rivers doesnt have a pronounced correlation dependence, which is probably due to the heterogeneity of the composition of the waters, as well as to the increasing impact on the environment of the oil and gas complex.
Comparative anatomical structure of the leaf Rhododendron catawbiense Michx. and Rhododendron brachycarpum D. Don, growing under conditions of N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Bondar Yulia Vladimirovna , Zerkal Sergey Vladimirovich , Hetko Nelly Vladimirovna , Rysin Sergey Lvovich
Published: May 2021

The paper deals with anatomical parameters of the leaf of two genus representatives Rhododendron L.: R. catawbiense Michx. and R. brachycarpum D. Don, cultivated under conditions of N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The morpho-anatomical structure of the leaf, used in the diagnosis and taxonomy of species, is also a key indicator of its functional characteristics. It is no less important for studying the mechanisms of their adaptation during introduction into new growing conditions and allows to find ways to optimize the conditions of their life and cultivation. Introduction experience is a prerequisite for studying the adaptive potential of species and for developing methods for managing the growth and development of these plants. The paper provides a detailed ecological and geographical characteristics of natural growth areas of R. catawbiense (eastern part of North America), R. brachycarpum (Far East, Republic of Korea, Japan) and the introduction area of Moscow (North-Eastern Administrative District, N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences). In this work, for the first time, a detailed anatomical and morphological analysis of the leaf structure of two genus representatives Rhododendron: R. catawbiense and R. brachycarpum was carried out, and diagnostic signs of changes in the parameters of the structure of leaves, formed in conditions different from the natural habitats of species, were revealed during their introduction into N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Some ecological features of Tulipa patens Agardh ex Schult. & Schult. fil. in the collection of Central Siberian Botanical Garden of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Gerasimovich Lyudmila Vladimirovna
Published: May 2021

The paper analyzes the characteristics of the seasonal development of Tulipa patens from two donor regions (Altai Krai, Republic of Kazakhstan) in the ex situ conditions of the recipient region, provides comparative in situ morphometric characteristics of these two groups of plants and a comparison with plants in situ. The following characteristics of the adaptation process, which distinguish the two groups from each other growing at the time of the experiment under the same ecological conditions, were revealed: 1) the Kazakhstan plants start the growing season 26 days before the Altai Krai plants and most of its phases have a longer duration; 2) for Kazakhstan plants, at the beginning of the regrowth and sprouting phenophase, less sums of temperatures above zero and the number of sunny days are needed; 3) there are significant morphometric differences between Kazakhstan and Altai Krai plants, in ex situ and in situ. Republic of Kazakhstan plants that grow on rocky steppes have more adaptive potential than Altai Krai plants that grow on rocky slopes. Based on the obtained results we can assume that plants of the species Tulipa patens have genetic polymorphisms.
The assessment of the correlation between the anthropogenic load index and the incidence of respiratory diseases in the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Kalashnikov Ilya Nikolaevich , Sinyushkina Snezhana Dmitrievna , Pyatova Evgeniya Dmitrievna , Fedotov Vasiliy Dmitrievich , Zaznobina Natalya Ivanovna
Published: May 2021

Recently, in the Nizhny Novgorod Region, the number of people with respiratory diseases has increased. This is due to the escalating anthropogenic load and the degradation of the environmental situation. There are a lot of different mechanisms by which air pollutants affect the state of the respiratory system, provoke the development of diseases or their exacerbation, induce disturbances of respiratory function, contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, aggravate its course and worsen the symptoms. The aim of the work was to identify the correlation between the anthropogenic load index and the incidence of respiratory diseases in the districts of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Using data about environmental zonation and information about the number of cases of diseases, a statistical analysis was carried out using the Pearsons criterion. We have determined that there is a correlation between the number of people with respiratory diseases and the place of residence (cluster according to the anthropogenic load index). The obtained parameters of the Pearsons criterion allowed us to conclude that there is a direct correlation between the features and a high degree of its statistical significance. The results confirm the role of anthropogenic impact as an unfavorable risk factor for the formation of respiratory diseases. This makes it necessary to review approaches to the prevention of respiratory diseases.
Biostability of synthetic polymer materials – polyethylene, polypropylene and polycarbonate – in the conditions of Surgut
Authors: Mantrova Maria Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of biostability of polyethylene, polypropylene and polycarbonate in the conditions of Surgut after their presence within a year in different types of soils swamp-podzolic soil, culturosem and urbanozem. The studied types of soils differ in their chemical composition urbanozems are saturated with bases, have a slightly alkaline reaction, they also contain an excess of lead content due to their close location to highways. In the studied soils bacterial microflora prevails over mycoflora, the amount of heterotrophic and lithoautotrophic microflora in urbanozems is especially high, which is due to the high anthropogenic load on these soils. For seeds and seedlings of wheat and radish the stimulating effect of these soils was revealed. Micromycetes isolated from the surface of polypropylene and polyethylene pipes are typical soil saprotrophs that can act as biodestructors of polymers. In the field experiment all the materials under study are biostable, and there was a slight change in the color of the cross-linked polyethylene sample. In the laboratory experiment certain instability of all the materials under study was revealed; their gradation in terms of mushroom resistance (from resistant to unstable) is as follows: low-density polyethylene, polypropylene random-heat-resistant copolymer, polycarbonate, cross-linked polyethylene. The nature of damage to low-density polyethylene (polyethylene film) is superficial, which corresponds to the literature data.
The assessment of drought resistance of Hydrangea paniculata Siebold varieties promising for the introduction in the Bashkir Cis-Urals
Authors: Murzabulatova Fanuza Kavievna , Polyakova Natalia Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

The paper studies the water regime of panicle hydrangea and 16 varieties of this species introduced into South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The purpose of the work is a comparative assessment of hydrangea varieties resistance to drought and the identification of the most promising taxa suitable for cultivation in the Bashkir Cis-Urals. The study assesses the total moisture content, water retention capacity and the content of mobile moisture in hydrangea leaves for the growing season. It has been found that the total moisture content (water content in the tissues) of panicle hydrangea leaves and its varieties is quite high and ranges from 72 to 82%. Certain varieties (Bobo, Levana, Phantom, PrimWhite, Silver Dollar, Sandy Fraise, Unique) have an ability to increase water retention during flowering. The following varieties are most adapted to dry periods under growing conditions in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Urals: Kyushu, Prim White and Wims Red, the least drought-resistant ones are Tardiva, Sandy Fraise and Praecox; the other 10 varieties are classified as hydrangeas with medium drought resistance. H. paniculata has average values for all parameters of the water regime and their value does not depend on the phenophase.
Vegetation dynamics under non-strong agricultural impact (by the example of Oktyabrsk village environs in the Uchalinskiy District of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Nazarenko Nazar Nikolayevich , Batyusheva Svetlana Yuryevna
Published: May 2021

Vegetation and its biotopes that are transitional between ruderal and natural ones have been researched in Oktyabrsk village environs (Uchalinskiy District of the Republic of Bashkortostan). The studied vegetation is characterized by rather low biodiversity values and high values of dominance 56 species of vascular plants are identified, 10-species plant communities with 23 clear identified dominant and co-dominant species prevail. Ruderal species are dominant and co-dominant for the majority of plant communities. Fifteen plant associations and specific biotopes have been defined by multivariate statistics methods. The identified associations are phytometers for detected principal abiotic factors. The detected associations form ordination series the authors have identified three biotopical centers (ruderal, birch forest and steppe), three biotopical series and three coenotic series, which are associated with high and temperate pasture loading levels and pasture digression series, forming an integrated succession system of the studied territory. It has been established that principal factors of associations forming is pasture loading level and the principal factors of biotopes forming are soil moistening and its variability, ombroregime (humidification level), termoregime and regime of continentality (temperature-varying amplitude).
Ecological and biological features of annual ornamental plants under pre-winter sowing in a continental climate
Authors: Sarlaeva Mara Yanovna , Vasilyeva Olga Yurievna
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of a long-term study of biological features of annual ornamental plants species belonging to the ecological group of therophytes included in the bioresource collection USU 44053 and capable of creating a high ornamental effect after pre-winter sowing in the ground. The hydrothermal conditions of the wintering and subsequent vegetation periods are characterized. The accumulation of snow necessary for successful overwintering of seeds is analyzed. Comparative phenospectra of species under different cultivation methods are presented, with an emphasis on achieving the fruiting phase. Examples of naturalization of these species are given, which characterize their high adaptive potential. The most promising species for use in the urbanized environment of the Siberian region are: Amaranthus caudatus L., A. paniculatus L., Brachycome iberidifolia Benth., Calendula officinalis L., Centaurea cyanus L., Clarkia unguiculata Lindl., C. pulchella Pursh., Eschscholzia californica Cham., E. pulchella Cham., Gilia achilleifolia Benth., G. capitata Sims, G. tricolor Benth., Gypsophila elegans M. Bieb., Helichrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews, Iberis umbellata L., Layia elegans Torr. A. Gray, Rudbeckia hirta L., Salpiglossis sinuata Ruiz Pav., Schizanthus pinnatus Ruiz Pav., Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert.
Kargopol ceramics: a separate type or a variety of pit-comb ceramics (on the example of materials from the settlements of Karelia)?
Authors: German Konstantin Enrikovich , Lobanova Nadezhda Valentinovna
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to consider the phenomenon of Kargopol ceramics in Karelia, which is manifested in its bright originality, sharp difference from other types of Neolithic ware and the vastness of the area-from Lake Onega in the west to the Pechora River in the east and from the Southern White Sea in the north to the southern limits of the Vologda Region in the south. There are 20 known settlements in Karelia, the complexes of which contain Kargopol ceramics with a total number of 275 vessels. The center of this layer of antiquities is Lake Vodlozero, located near the border of Karelia with the Arkhangelsk Region. Most Kargopol vessels have a straight flat-cut corolla with short and shallow notches applied from the outer and inner edges, below there is a horizontal belt of pits or punctures. There are six variants of ornamentation, three of which include elements of pit-comb and comb dishes. The authors think that the concentration of Kargopol vessels on the monuments of eastern Karelia, mainly in the complexes with pit-comb ceramics of the middle stage of development in the lake basin Vodlozera, and its almost complete absence in other areas of Karelia indicates the penetration of a similar ceramic tradition from the Eastern Prionezh Region, where it was first isolated. Based on the available modern data, it is still difficult to talk about the independent existence of Kargopol ceramics in the Neolithic of Karelia.
The policy of Catholic Monarchs and Popes in the New World on the Christianization of the population and the policy of local authorities (1492–1513)
Authors: Ashrafyan Konstantin Eduardovich
Published: May 2021

The aim was to study the attitude towards slavery and freedom for the natives of the open lands of America on the part of the Spanish Crown, on the one hand, and Christopher Columbus in 14911504, and then his son Diego Columbus, appointed governor of Hispaniola in 1508 and became viceroy of the West Indies, on the other. As a result, the texts of the bulls of Pope Alexander VI for May 3 and May 4, September 26, 1493, letters of Catholic Monarchs, letters of Christopher Columbus, letters and orders of Bobadilla and Nicholas Ovando and the events of 1511 in Hispaniola described in the book of Las Casas, as well as documents on the results of the work of the Junta of Burgos in 1512 and the Junta of Valladolid in 1513 were studied and analyzed. The study showed the true and humane attitude of Catholic Monarchs towards the natives of America and the emergence of laws under which the natives of America were granted freedom and equal rights with the Castilians. It also shows the policy of slavery and exploitation set up by the House of Columbus against the Indians, and the political battles with the defenders of the Indians from the Dominican Order, that made possible Burgos Laws of 1512 and their amendments Laws of Valladolid laws of 1513 and their consequences for the freedom and life of the natives.
Preparation of medicinal plants by the pharmaceutical industry in the Kuibyshev Region during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Gorshenin Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Ruderman Valeria Igorevna
Published: May 2021

In the conditions of the Great Patriotic War, there was a problem of shortage of medicines, caused by the partial loss of pharmaceutical industry enterprises due to the occupation of large territories of the Soviet Union. In this situation the solution was the use of medicinal plants, which attracted attention in the 1920s and 1930s, but in the conditions of war it became much more important. The paper deals with the activities of the Main Pharmacy Department and the inter-regional office of the All-Union Trust for the procurement of medicinal plants for the cultivation, collection and procurement of plant raw materials used in medicine. The structure of the pharmaceutical industry of the region is analyzed and the ways of harvesting cultivated and wild medicinal plants are characterized. The authors analyze the dynamics of medicinal plants harvesting on the territory of the Kuibyshev Region using the documents of the Central State Archive of the Samara Region and the State Archive of the Russian Federation, as well as periodicals of the war years. The paper reveals the reasons for non-compliance with the planned indicators for the delivery of plant raw materials established by the government, as well as the measures taken by local authorities to correct this situation. The enthusiasm of the public the help of schoolchildren, teachers and housewives played a great role in increasing the volume of harvesting plants.
Noble associations in modern Russia
Authors: Trubitszyn Igor Olegovich
Published: May 2021

The author made an attempt to study the role of the descendants of the nobility in the new socio-economic and political realities of Russia at the end of the XX - first decades of the XXI century. The author focuses on the processes of recreation and subsequent activities of noble societies. The basis of the source base was a series of interviews with the descendants of the nobility living in the territory of the Russian Federation and in the countries of the post-Soviet space. The research identified the stages of development of the noble organizations, the main aspects of their activities. A comparative analysis was carried out with the pre-revolutionary noble corporate organization, which made it possible to characterize the main ideals of this social group and to make a comparative analysis with the value system of the class of the pre-revolutionary period. The range of problems faced by noble societies in modern Russia is highlighted. The results of the study can be used to comprehensively characterize the activities of corporations of the nobility in Russia, as well as the activities of the descendants of the nobility in the modern world.
The «Khazar myth» as perceived by the Eurasians and L.N. Gumilyov
Authors: Bystryukov Vladimir Yurevich
Published: May 2021

A problem of continuity has always been a topical subject in Eurasian historiography and the name of L.N. Gumilyov appeard in this context most often. Some researchers recognized the ideological connection between the concept and Gumilyov, while the others rejected continuity and divided them: Russian philosophy of the early 20th century and Soviet scientism of the middle of 20th century. One of the plots is usually used to compare the ideas of the Eurasians and L.N. Gumilyov it is an assessment of the role of the Khazar Kaganate in the history of the Eastern Slavs. Moreover, it was reviewed by the Eurasians and L.N. Gumilyov. G.V. Vernadsky presented the history of Eurasia as a consistent set of attempts to create a unified state. Khazaria existed in the era of disintegration in the context of the state-forming process in Eurasia, based on the principle of rhythm. According to L.N. Gumilyov, the Khazars were colonized by representatives of the Persian and Byzantine branches of the Jewish people. The mix of the Khazar and Jewish ethnic groups was weighed down by the national traditions, which became the determining aspect of their different destinies. The Khazar Kaganate established political power in the Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus, had benefited from the intermediary trade between Europe and China, and only Svyatoslavs campaign became a closure of existence of this ethnic chimera. It can be said that the methodological approach of the Eurasians and L.N. Gumilyov to the problem of Khazaria was fundamentally different and the only unifying factor was that these events were unfolding in the space of Russia-Eurasia.
Information transformation as the basis for probabilistic thinking development of biology students at a pedagogical university
Authors: Azizova Irina Yunusovna
Published: May 2021

In the conditions of an intensive information flow and the expansion of the authors rights, there has been a change in the ways of working with scientific texts, in filling them with meaning. Working on text transformation, in whatever forms it may take place, is the most important activity for mastering the scientific language. Sketching (the method of visual notes) can be successfully used in teaching at a higher school, since it stimulates the cognitive activity of students from understanding the authors intention of the text to its transformation and giving personal meaning. Sketching is a convenient tool for the perception and processing of scientific information. These are polycode texts in which information is transmitted by verbal and non-verbal figurative and pictorial means. It is also a method for rendering the content. These are also techniques for working with texts that make it easier for students to work with complex information (facilitate the perception and understanding of their content). This paper gives recommendations on the use of sketching for students to study texts on the history and methodology of biology. Mastering the basics of in-depth understanding and creative reproduction of the text, their repeated playback provides the basis for the development of the teachers professionalism.
The concept «ethical responsibility of the penal system employee»: a pedagogical aspect
Authors: Zhalmurzin Rustam Bulatovich
Published: May 2021

The paper substantiates the importance of ethical responsibility of the penal system employee in the context of his professional activities. It is substantiated that moral choice is common to ethics, psychology and pedagogy in the understanding of responsibility: moral choice as an ethical category, psychological mechanisms for making a choice, formation of ethical responsibility for choice. The status of responsibility is concretized within the framework of the concept ethical responsibility of the penal system employee. The paper analyzes this concept at the ethical (description of the content in the categories of ethics), psychological (defining the mechanisms for such responsibility formation) and pedagogical (disclosing the content in the context of pedagogical knowledge) levels. The author proves that the responsibility in general and the ethical responsibility of the penal system employee in particular can be considered both a value and a personal quality. It is substantiated that the ethical responsibility of the penal system employee is a systemic personal formation that has a value as a set of relations of the penal system employee (to professional activity, to people involved in the sphere of his professional activity, to himself as a subject of such activity), implemented in his activities through personal qualities that determine the implementation by the penal system employee of a moral choice in the process of professional activity and form the content of ethical responsibility as a personal quality. The content of the ethical responsibility of the penal system employee is revealed through the attraction of the values duty, dignity, honor, good, virtue, justice, freedom, conscience and personal qualities perseverance, efficiency, organization, exactingness, obligation, initiative
Depth feature extraction of surface-breaking defects using laser pulsed thermography
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Zhijie , Zhao Chenyang , Dong Ningchen , Lin Zhenyu
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the feasibility of the depth feature extraction of surface-breaking defects based on laser pulsed thermography in transmission mode is proposed. This method is adopted to detect the depth of surface-breaking defects. First, a finite element model based on COMSOL is established
to simulate structural steel specimens with different defect depths and the contrast method is used to detect these depths. In order to verify its feasibility, the model is simulated at different time nodes. A simulation analysis shows the practicability of this method. Then, through an artificial
slot depth feature extraction experiment on structural steel specimens, an algorithm is used to denoise an infrared image and then the contrast method is used to extract the defect depth feature, which verifies the feasibility of the method. The experimental results show that as the depth
of artificial slots increases, the temperature at the observation point also reduces. The best fitting equation of the defect depth and the temperature at the observation point at a certain heating time have an exponential relationship. This method can accurately detect defect depths.
A novel method using infrared thermography for hot fluid leakage detection on surfaces with uneven emissivities
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Zhang Qi , Xu Xiang , Shen Zhibin , Zhang Bo
Published: May 2021

Uneven surface emissivity will cause illusory temperature variation in infrared surface temperature mapping. For this reason, most of the detailed reviews on the use of infrared thermography (IRT) for leakage detection have mainly focused on surfaces with homogeneous emissivity or the
recognition of negative temperature gradients, while reports on sensing hot fluid leakage for uneven surface emissivity are very rare. In this study, a hypothesis is put forward and a new leakage detection method is proposed that uses a transient heating-cooling-heating process in association
with a subtraction method of infrared images to eliminate the disturbance of inhomogeneous valve surface emissivities. A theoretical analysis is established that is experimentally tested as a case study. The results shows that the hypothesis is clear and the effect of the uneven emissivity
is suppressed for the recognition of positive temperature gradients (hot fluid leakage) on a metal valve sample. The current work provides new insights on the modification of the surface emissivity under certain conditions, which has been a major limitation of passive IRT in the past.
Atypically located spider angioma
Authors: Ölmez Şehmus , Sarıtaş Bünyamin , Kzıldağ Çisem , Mülayim Mehmet
Published: May 2021

To the Editor,
A spider angioma or spider naevus is a type of telangiectasis found slightly beneath the skin surface, often containing a central arteriole and many small vessels which radiate outwards like a spider's web. Applying pressure to the center of the lesion leads to fading of the lesion. Spider angioma is a common presentation of liver cirrhosis, especially alcoholic cirrhosis. Spider angiomas are found only in the distribution of the superior vena cava, and are thus commonly found on the face, neck, upper chest and upper arm. Spider angioma is rarely observed on hand (1, 2). Here, we report a a very rare case with spider angioma on back of hand.
A 54-year-old male patient admitted to our clinic with icterus and ascites. The patient had a diagnosis of alcoholic liver cirrhosis one month before. On physical examination, he had icterus and ascites. He had spider angiomas on his back, neck and on the back of his right hand, just proximal to second metacarpophalangeal joint (Figure 1). The patient’s Child Turcotte Pugh score (CTP) and model for end stage liver disease (MELD) scores were 12 and 22, respectively. Abdomen ultrasound showed cirrhosis with massive ascites. Endoscopy revealed grade 1 esophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy. The patient gave written consent regarding this article.
Spider angioma appears frequently in alcoholic cirrhotic or noncirrhotic alcoholic liver diseases with deuteriation of liver functions. Although, the exact cause of SA is not known, there have been many theories of possible etiologic factors such as disturbance of sex hormones (increased level of luteinizing hormone, decreased level of testosterone and a higher estradiol/testosterone ratio), angiogenesis, vasodilation, alcohol abuse, hyperdynamic circulation state, and liver dysfunction[3, 4]. The number and size of SA are correlated with the degree of liver disease (1, 3, 4).
Our patient was a heavy drinker and had alcoholic liver cirrhosis with high CTP and MELD score. Although, our patient had multiple telangiectasias, it is a very rare finding of SA, observed on back of hand.
Investigation of the Dependence of Ambipolarity on Channel Thickness for TMDC Based Field Effect Transistors
Authors: ACAR Merve , ERTUGRUL Mehmet
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada ağırlıklı olarak güncel çift-kutuplu alan etkili transistör üzerinde duruldu. Cift-kutup, son yıllarda birçok uygulama için önemli hale geldi. Literatürde cift-kutupa neden olan birçok faktör bildirilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, iki kutupluluğun nedenleri literatürde tam olarak araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, çift kutupluluk derecesi, WS2 FET cihazı için kanal kalınlığının bir fonksiyonu olarak belirlenmiştir. Kalınlık arttıkça çift kutupluluk derecesinin sıfıra yaklaştığı görülmüştür. Ambipolarite derecesinin sıfıra yaklaşması, WS2 kanalının doğal n-tipi davranış sergilediğini ve ambipolarite etkisinin ortadan kalktığını gösterir.
Surgical fixation of posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture from tibial attachment using cannulated cancellous screw: a clinical, radiological and functional outcome evaluation
Authors: Mondal Aniruddha , Das Ayon
Published: May 2021

Background: PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) is the main posterior stabilizer of the knee and plays a role in central axis controlling and imparting rotational stability to the knee. Injury to PCL presents commonly with avulsion fractures from its tibial attachment. An avulsion fracture of the PCL, if not surgically fixed, may lead to secondary changes in the knee joint. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and functional results in patients with PCL tibial avulsion fractures treated by CC (cannulated cancellous) screw fixation.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care government hospital in Kolkata, between December 2018 to July 2020 on patients who underwent CC screw fixation for post-traumatic PCL avulsion fracture from tibial site. All patients were followed up for 9 months. Lysholm knee score was used to assess the functional outcomes of the patients.

Results: In a total of 10 patients, 9 (90%) patients showed excellent and 1 (10%) patient had good result during the final follow-up. 80% patients did not develop any complications. At the end of 9 months, the mean Lysholm score was 95.6. 8 (80%) patients achieved almost full knee ROM post-operatively by the end of final follow-up.

Conclusions: Surgical fixation using CC screws is a simple, easy, safe and reproducible method without requiring significant expertise for achieving good stability in PCL tibial site avulsion fractures, where early intervention prevents significant late disability as it provides an excellent clinical, functional and radiographic outcome along with good joint function.

 
Avaliação, qualidade e educação infantil: análise de uma experiência municipal
Authors: Cançado Natália Francine Costa , Correa Bianca
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo buscamos discutir a interface entre avaliação e qualidade, tendo em vista a participação como pressuposto indispensável do processo avaliativo. Para tanto, este estudo buscou compreender os aspectos constituintes de uma proposta de avaliação no contexto da educação infantil desenvolvida nas pré-escolas de um município paulista. Com base na legislação, nos documentos e na literatura específica sobre avaliação no âmbito da educação infantil, apresentamos algumas discussões acerca do processo avaliativo realizado pelo município, procurando problematizar a avaliação enquanto possibilidade de participação na definição de indicadores de qualidade significativos e legitimados pelo coletivo que permitam o desenvolvimento de um projeto educativo autêntico.
Optimización de una formulación de butifarra dulce seca con carne de Llama, pecanas y kañiwa
Authors: Salvá Ruiz Bettit Karim , Elías Peñafiel Carlos , Larico Condori Judith
Published: May 2021

In the formulation of dried sweet sausage, pork meat and fat are traditionally used, which can be replaced by healthy products such as pecans (Carya illinoinensis) and kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule); as well as llama meat (Lama glama) that is low in fat and cholesterol. For this reason, the present investigation aimed to optimize a formulation of dried sweet sausage considering three main components: llama meat, kañiwa flour and pecans. The D-Optimal mixture design method of the Design-Expert®7 program was applied, obtaining fourteen formulations. For each formulation, color, water activity and texture profile were evaluated. Only the cohesiveness fit a meaningful mathematical model. Subsequently, the optimization of the variable response was carried out, using the desirability function of the "objective value" type, so that the product could resemble the target (sausage made with pork meat and fat). In the sensory analysis of the optimal formulation, four sensory attributes were evaluated: color, odor, taste and texture, in a Z test to demonstrate whether the sample mean of the degree of satisfaction for each attribute of the product was acceptable or not. All these attributes are believed to be above the population mean taken as a target. In conclusion, the optimal formula was composed of 80% llama meat and 20% pecans, observing that kañiwa flour did not improve the texture and color of the sausage.