bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A practiced nanobiotechnology approach with the scope of nutrition, food safety, dietetics, gastronomy, and sustainability for humans by fish meat and fish products preservation – A review
Authors: Ceylan Zafer , Meral Raciye
Published: May 2023

Fish is a unique source for human consumption and also the food industry. In this sense, different nanobiotechnology-based applications especially have been used for providing food safety, improving the taste and preferences of fish meat, keeping the nutritional components in fish meat for human consumption, and eliminating nutritional losses with cooking. Nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and nanoemulsions are good candidates for preserving fish meat from microbial spoilage and oxidative deterioration. Nanoliposomes particularly fabricated with seaweeds have delayed (free fatty acid, peroxide value, etc.) the rapid undesired formation in fish meat or fish oil. Besides nanoliposome, being revealed that especially nanoparticles (from biopolymer) and nanoemulsions mostly obtained from citrus oils effectively delay the rapid oxidation in fish meat. Also with these applications, the nutritional quality of processed products has been protected. In this regard, it is reported that nanofiber applications integrated with sous-vide cooking or baking of fish meat like salmon meat samples effectively can protect against nutritional losses in fish meat. Probiotic bacteria such as L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri which are encapsulated in nanobiotechnology-based material can be successfully used both to preserve the meat and to improve the functional properties of raw or processed/cooked fish meat. These nanobiotechnological approaches improve food safety by limiting microbiological spoilage such as mesophilic and psychrophilic for fish meat samples. The mentioned nanopreservation approaches provide a better solution as compared with conventional methods with fewer materials usage in the food industry. Some studies also support that this is a cost-effective method, especially in terms of food additive usage in foods. Above all, these mentioned processes related to food nanobiotechnology can improve food safety, and limit nutritional losses due to cooking procedures, so this review suggests that the nanobiotechnology-based approaches can be a guiding role for further applications in the food industry.
Seismic Risk Assessment of Simply Supported Girders Bridges
Authors: Xhaferaj Iralda , Lako Arian , Shkodrani Neritan
Published: May 2023

Transport infrastructures, such as bridges, located in seismically active regions are potential exposure due to seismic hazards. A bridge collapse can have tremendous consequences because they provide vital links in a transportation system. Cross border region historically is very well known as territory characterized with high seismic risk. For that purpose, this study is related to the identification of seismic hazard cross-border harmonization vulnerability assessment of risk based on defined levels of seismic hazard and definition of reliable risk of simply supported girders bridge, which is main typology scheme. This study presents an analytical method to predict damage exceedance probabilities due to seismic events using the development of fragility curves. The proposed framework is demonstrated by performing case study highway bridges located in cross border Albanian region with Greece and North Macedonia. Bridge hazard identification is defined by established each damage state of probabilistic structural capacity. The damage probabilities of exceedance that structural demand exceeds capacity are analyzed, displaying results in the fragility curves of bridges.
The Porous Concrete for Rigid Pavement
Authors: Supriyadi Asep , Sutandar Erwin
Published: May 2023

Roads play an important role as a connection between locations and can facilitate the efficient mobility of people's economic activities. Five tests are involved in evaluating of the porous concrete, such as the slump test, compressive strength test, permeability test, flexure test, and load capacity test (loading test). Meanwhile, there are three types of soil: peat, clay, and hard. The compressive strength test measured an average compressive strength between 24.17-27.36 MPa. According to the permeability test, the average speed of water infiltration on the porous concrete rigid pavement was 20 seconds on clay soil and 55.344 seconds on peat soil, with large areas drained on porous concrete rigid pavement of 346.185 cm2 with 5 litres of water used, whereas it was 6.554 seconds with a flow area of 288.75 cm2 and 2 litres of water used on hard soil. The Loading Test was conducted with a 10-ton. The maximum difference in deflection was 1-2 cm. In addition, there were no cracks in the porous concrete rigid pavement with a porous concrete rigid pavement thickness of 15 cm in three different soil conditions. A track with porous concrete rigid pavement on clay, hard soil, or peat soil can accommodate a maximum payload of 10 tons.
Behavior and Load Capacity of Concrete Slab Reinforced by CFRP Bar and Strengthening by CFRP Laminates
Authors: Medhlom Mu'taz Kadhim , Abed Entidhar Najm
Published: May 2023

The most common FRP materials used are carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs), and glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRPs). The use of CFRPs has grown rapidly in the construction industry, specifically in structural retrofitting, due to their strengthening property of CFRP. CFRPs are moreover high strength, lightweight, noncorrosive, and easy-to-install materials. In the present study, six reinforced concrete slab specimens included two control specimens reinforced by traditional steel reinforcements and the other reinforced by carbon fiber reinforced polymer CFRP bars without strengthening by laminated CFRP strips. The remaining four specimens are interiorly reinforced by CFRP bars and strengthened by CFRP laminates strips with different scheme layouts named Type 1 and Type 2. The specimens were tested under a uniformly distributed load applied at the top surface area of each specimen up to failure. The parameters considered in the present study are the amount of CFRP bars and CFRP laminates layout. Test results indicated that the strength carrying capacity and failure mode of tested specimens differ based on the steel reinforcement type and the presence of CFRP laminates layout.
The study of the tribological properties under high contact pressure conditions of TiN, TiC and TiCN coatings deposited by the magnetron sputtering method on the AISI 304 stainless steel substrate
Authors: Alipovna Mamaeva Axaule , Karaulovich Kenzhegulov Aidar , Vladimirovich Panichkin Aleksandr , Zhanuzakovich Alibekov Zhasulan , Bolatovna Kshibekova Balzhan , Wieleba Wojciech , Leśniewski Tadeusz , Bakhytuly Nauryzbek
Published: May 2023

Titanium carbonitride coatings are widely used to improve the wear resistance of surfaces. The results of tribological investigations of TiC, TiN, and TiCN coatings deposited on an AISI 304 steel substrate by the magnetron sputtering method were presented. The research aimed to describe the wear processes of the coatings during friction in an emergency situation, i.e. with a lack of lubrication and concentration of pressure in a small contact area. Tribological tests were performed on a ball-on-disk tribotester in reciprocating motion under technically dry friction conditions. The Hertz pressure in the contact area was ph = 2500-2700 MPa. Additionally, scratch tests and microscopic observations of the surfaces of the samples were performed after tribological tests to describe the wear process of the coatings. The results showed cracking, and coatings detachment from the substrate occur during friction. Deformation wear was observed as bulges in the material at the edge of the friction path. The deformation occurred primarily in the substrate material despite friction occurring on the surface of the coating. The best coating in terms of tribological properties was the TiN coating, which showed the highest resistance to wear in an emergency situation and the friction coefficient in the final stage of the test (above 90 cycles of movement) was only slightly higher than the values recorded for the other coatings. The TiN coating had high hardness, showed good adhesion to the substrate, and was not cracked, protecting it from damage.
Change In Middle Cerebral Artery Pulsatility Index Over Time Due To Fetal Response To Defined Sound Stimulation: Human fetal responses to airborne sound stimulation
Authors:   Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, Belgrade 11000, Serbia, Jeličić Ljiljana ,   lj.jelicic@add-for-life.com (Lj.J.),   m.subotic@add-for-life.com (M.S.),   Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade 11000, Serbia, Janković Svetlana ,   Department of Acute Perinatal Pathology, Belgrade University Medical School, Belgrade 11000, Serbia,   Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics Narodni front Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia, Sovilj Mirjana ,   Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade 11000, Serbia, Subotić Miško ,   Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
Published: May 2023

The estimation of fetal reactions to different stimuli indicates the cortical structure’s development and maturity. Recent studies pointed out that Pulsatility index (PI) changes could be associated with auditory stimulation. Each reaction to a particular stimulus has time dynamics which include: the period before the stimulus, the period during and immediately after the stimulus, the period of response and reaction to the stimulus, and the period of returning to the state of rest. Bearing in mind this principle, the preliminary results of the analysis of PI changes measured in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) as a fetal reaction to a defined sound stimulus are given in the paper. The study was conducted at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front" in Belgrade, Serbia. The research sample included 5 women with no-risk pregnancies. The PI measuring in fetal MCA was conducted in the period between the 31th and the 32nd week of gestation. The results indicate the time dynamics of PI change exist and point to the necessity of a different approach to PI measurement in the conditions of defined sound stimulation, concerning the procedures described so far in the literature.
Embryo as Person: As in the Womb, So in the World
Authors:   Birthing Your Life, Menzam-Sills Cherionna
Published: May 2023

Findings in the field of pre- and perinatal psychology reveal that, even as little embryos, we are having experiences, and that these experiences profoundly affect how we live our lives1. Our earliest days establish lifelong tendencies influencing how we connect with ourselves, each other, and our planet.2 This paper examines the intersection of embryo and psyche, how development of one relates to development of the other. Evidence of cellular intelligence, responsiveness, memory, and learning is offered as a foundation for understanding the profound effects of very early experience.3,4 Specific developmental milestones of conception, implantation, and discovery are considered in relation to their psychological effects, underlining the importance of treating the embryo as a sentient, sensitive human being that both models and thrives on love and connection5. It is proposed that supporting new parents from the time of pre-conception in providing a welcoming, safe, loving environment for their baby contributes to a world characterized by these qualities, where we can return to our original potential.
Chemical components of essential oils from aerial parts of Pycnanthemum virginianum and P. californicum (Lamiaceae) plants
Authors: Kovtun-Vodyanytska Svitlana M. , Levchuk Iryna V. , Rakhmetov Dzhamal B. , Golubets Olga V.
Published: May 2023

Aim. The research is aimed at determining the qualitative and quantitative content of essential oils in the aerial part of two species of the genus Pycnanthemum Michx. (Lamiaceae) – P. virginianum (L.) T. Durand & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob & Fernald and P. californicum Norr. exDurand. The plants were introduced in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Forest-Steppe zone). These are representatives of the flora of North America, and they are little known in Ukraine. Plants have useful medicinal and nutritional properties, but the biochemical composition of their essential oils has not been sufficiently studied in the world.Materials and methods. In the experiment, the aerial herbal part of plants collected during the flowering phase was used. The quantitative content of the essential oil was determined by the hydrodistillation method, and its qualitative characteristics were found by the GC-MS analysis. The chromatographic profile was obtained on an Agilent Technologies 7890. The component composition of the essential oil was determined on a gas chromatograph with a HP 6890 mass spectrometric detector with a mass spectrometric detector 5973. We used a mass spectrometric detector 1.6 – 800 a.o.m., EI ionization, SIM & Scan mode, “Hewlett Packard”, USA. Identification of essential oil components was performed using the NIST mass spectrum library in combination with AMDIS content-time identification programs.Results and discussion. P. virginianum was found to produce 1.96 ± 0.17 % of essential oil, in which 12 compounds out of 13 were identified; P. californicum had 2.66 ± 0.13 % of essential oil, 13 compounds out of 15 were identified. The essential oil samples obtained have pulegone as the dominant component: P. virginianum – 44.65 %, P. californicum – 86.07 %. In addition to it, they also contain thymol, myrcene, 1.8-cineole, menthone, limonene and other compounds.Conclusions. For the first time, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oils of plants of P. virginianum and P. californicum species introduced in Ukraine has been determined. The results obtained indicate that when introduced plants have a high biosynthesizing ability to produce essential oil. Pulegone has been found to be the dominant component; therefore, the essential oil can be classified as a pulegone-type essential oil. We believe that the raw material of P. virginianum and P. californicum are potentially suitable for use in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, personal care products, dentistry, and in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Análisis bibliométrico de cultivos de microalgas en lixiviados de relleno sanitario
Authors: Ortiz Alvarez Maria Daniela , Barajas Ferreira Crisóstomo , García Martínez Janet Bibiana , Barajas Solano Andrés Fernando , Machuca Martínez Fiderman
Published: May 2023

Los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios son residuos líquidos complejos, considerados un problema significativo para el medio ambiente. Las microalgas se presentan como una alternativa para el tratamiento y aprovechamiento de aguas residuales por su capacidad adaptativa, siendo una opción viable para su uso en lixiviados. Esta contribución presenta una descripción bibliométrica de las investigaciones indexadas en la base de datos SCOPUS relacionadas con microalgas y lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios. En base a esto, se identificó la relevancia del tratamiento con microalgas tanto en aguas residuales en general como en lixiviados con el fin de conocer la proporción de avance entre los dos. Se encontraron 68 artículos relacionados a microalgas y lixiviados, siendo China es el país más productivo en cuanto a número de publicaciones. Este estudio demostró que el uso de microalgas en lixiviados en un tema que aún esta en desarrollo y su enfoque está dado para el tratamiento de este residuo, siendo limitados los estudios de aprovechamiento y obtención de bioproductos.
Female Attorneys in South Africa: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Meyer Tamlynne
Published: May 2023

Law is an established profession, traditionally white, male and middle-class. Since 1994, there has been a strong focus on transformation in the South African legal profession, largely focusing on racial transformation, with meaningful gender transformation lagging behind. This article illustrates at a quantitative level the gendered landscape of the South African attorneyâ€™s profession. The findings show that in the past decade there has been a steady increase in the number of female law graduates and the number of females admitted as attorneys. The occupational structure shows that the junior levels of the profession are dominated by females, and that there is a lack of diversity and transformation as regards the senior and most sought-after positions in the profession. Not only are female partners outnumbered, they are also significantly under-represented, with only half of them being represented at the partnership level, whereas males are over-represented at that level. South Africa has no shortage of laws and policies promoting gender equality and transformation. Unfortunately, these laws and policies have done very little to liberate female attorneys as they move through the ranks of the profession. The article concludes by raising questions that should be qualitatively explored in future research.
Adverse Effects of Labour Market Transformation on Public Health in Africa
Authors: Molokwane Thekiso , Chinguwo Paliani
Published: May 2023

Globally, the labour market has been changing fundamentally since the 1980s. This change is linked to the rapid removal of barriers to trade, such as geographical distance and government regulations, in a bid to facilitate the diffusion of technology and the mobility of goods, labour and, more importantly, financial capital across borders. Among other factors, the transformation of the labour market in the form of re-organisation, re-engineering, intensification of work, multi-tasking, outsourcing, privatisation, increased use of temporary workers, and restructuring, has heightened the sense of job insecurity among workers. This study examines the transformation of the labour market in the context of neoliberal globalisation. The methodological approach adopted was desktop research in the form of conducting a literature survey within an interpretative research paradigm. The study argues that the transformation of the labour market has not only impacted on the workplace but has subsequently also had adverse effects on public health in the African continent. The study further demonstrates that women, compared to men, are disproportionately affected by the adverse health effects emanating from this transformation. The study concludes that the transformation of the labour market, within the context of the phenomenon of neoliberal globalisation, affects public health and exacerbates poverty and inequality in society in so far as health outcomes are concerned, given the insufficiency and absence of effective social protection mechanisms and efficient service delivery in Africa.
The Effects of Climate Change on Employment Relations in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mambo Rose
Published: May 2023

In this article, I focus on climate change in the context of employment relations in Zimbabwe. I seek to establish the relationship between climate change and employment through exploring the impact that climate change has on selected sectors and subsequently on the labour market. The literature reviewed established a link between climate change and employment relations as a significant number of jobs worldwide are dependent on ecosystems. A qualitative research approach was used to gather information relating to key economic sectors affected by climate change in Zimbabwe. The National Employment Councils on the identified sectors were selected using purposive sampling. In this study, I adopt a qualitative research methodology relying on face-to-face interviews with 21 respondents participating from a sample frame of 72 participants. The interview data collected from the respondents were analysed using a thematic approach and coding. The findings of the study indicate that climate change has led to unfavourable working conditions, a decline in productivity, loss of employment and gender disparities at the workplace. Consequently, worker rights and human rights issues arise necessitating the interrogation of the role of trade unions, the labour and climate legislation, related policies and institutions. The article brings out a new dimension in Zimbabwe’s employment relations as climate change issues in employment relations have not yet been fully explored. I recommend an integration of climate change and employment policies to facilitate justification and adaptation strategies which support an environment that is conducive to industrial relations.
Reforging the Master’s Tools: Critical Race Theory in the First-Year Curriculum
Authors: Gerzik Benjamin M.
Published: May 2023

This Article examines why and how critical race theory (CRT) should be taught as a mandatory component of the first-year law school curriculum. Learning the fundamentals of critical race theory is not only important to empathetically understand and serve those around you, but necessary to understand the law as it is. The law’s past and future require this. This Article first makes the positive argument for critical race theory’s necessity in legal education, showing that it rises above normative (albeit virtuous) justifications. It then briefly summarizes what critical race theory is by outlining its central tenets, as well as what critical race theory is not by examining the recent uproar surrounding the CRT boogeyman.

Part II explores why and how critical race theory can be taught in two doctrinal first-year courses: constitutional law and civil procedure. The courses show how easily critical race theory’s tenets slot into commonly taught cases, before even considering adding new material to course requirements. Constitutional law demonstrates how interest convergence and the social construction of race play a role in the law, while civil procedure demonstrates how intersectionality and counter-storytelling can recontextualize how we view a court’s ruling.

Part III prescribes actionable solutions. The first solutions include discretionary implementation of critical race theory into syllabi by professors. It suggests more concrete solutions in the form of mandatory curriculum requirements, changes to ABA accreditation standards, and changes in NCBE Bar Exam requirements. It then surveys some existing courses to examine how such requirements can be implemented. Finally, the appendices outline the wealth of existing CRT scholarship relating to the first-year courses for reference.
The role of socio-philosophical theories in ideas about the integration and disintegration of societies (based on T. J. Bernard’s approach)
Authors: Persidskaya O. A.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the revision of the validity of opposing the concepts of social integration as a consensus and social disintegration as a conflict. The methodological basis is the rethinking of the back-ground assumptions of influential socio-philosophical theories proposed by T. J. Bernard. It is shown that along with the understanding of social integration as order and consolidation, and disintegration as conflict and deviation, there are also other interpretations in the structure of socio-philosophical thought. In some of these interpretations, social integration characterizes ideal, not real, societies and is not related to social practice, while in others, social integration immanently includes a disintegration process.
A Newly tested Transformational Leadership - Organizational Citizenship Behavior model: Among the Employees of the Jordanian Universities: An Empirical Study
Authors: BaniDoumi Dr. Fakhri A. I.
Published: May 2023

The optimizations of a university’s achievement require an effective leadership style to create an organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), as the excellence of such universities relies on mutual and collaborative efforts among their leaders, faculty members, employees, and students. The main objective of this study is to address and identify the impact of the transformational leadership style (TLS) on (OCB) in the universities in Jordan. The author has focused on five key aspects of (TLS) which are idealized behaviors, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, and idealized influence, and five key aspects of (OCB), which are Conscientiousness, Sportsmanship, Civic virtue, Courtesy, and Altruism. This was achieved by validating the predesigned constructs of (Bass and Avolio, 2004) and (Podsakoff, et al., 1990) for the Jordanian university context by using structural equation modeling (SEM), both CFA and path analysis. Indeed, this required testing for the unidimensionality, reliability, and validity of the data which was randomly collected from 392 participants from the universities of Jordan, alongside testing the 5-5 model fit of (OCB) and (TLS) constructs in the Jordanian universities context and finally the path analysis to uncover the impact of (TLS) on (OCB). The results revealed that the pre-designed model was modified to include 18 items for the five components of (TLS) rather than the original 20 items, and 17 items for the five components of (OCB) rather than the original 24 items. Moreover, the five latent components of (TLS) loaded successfully into (TLS) general construct, whereas the five latent components of (OCB) loaded successfully into (OCB) general construct as well, where the respecified model was accepted based on the overall assessment of the model fit indices. Finally, (TLS) appeared to have a significant effect on (OCB), where (OCB) = 0.411*(TLS)+ 3.480+e, which means that (TLS) is a good predictor of (OCB), i.e., when TLS goes up by one unit, (OBC) goes up by 0.411 unit. Consequently, the author suggests practical implications for organizations and business practitioners, where, first, organizations should encourage their employees to recognize (TLS) and second, leaders should recognize their potential effect on employees’ behavior and attitude, especially in the individual consideration to be fully engaged in their citizenship behavior for the good of their organizational success.
Cephalometric evaluation of posterior airway space in Chinese and Egyptian races
Authors: Mohamed Abdelrahman M. A. , Chen Yaosen , Wafaie Khaled , Al-Balaa Maher , Abusafia Bayan , Mohammed Omar Magdy , Yang Yan , Qiao Yiqiang
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the size of posterior airway space (PAS) and hyoid bone position in Chinese and Egyptian races in both genders using cephalometry.

Material and Methods:

Lateral Cephalometric X-ray were collected from 195 healthy young adults (96 Chinese subjects and 99 Egyptian subjects). Twenty cephalometric measurements (linear and angular) of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, tongue, and hyoid bone were recorded. Considering gender, according to the ANB angle, the subjects were classified into three types of skeletal malocclusion: class I (1° ≤ ANB ≤ 3°), class II (ANB > 3°), and class III (ANB < 1°). Probability (P) ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Confident intervals of 95% were used and P < 0.05 was considered to represent statistically significant differences.

Results:

Significant differences were founded in (PNS-V) (P ≤ 0.01), (TT-V) (P ≤ 0.05), ([Hy-Me-MP] [P ≤ 0.01] [Hyoid–MP-Prep] [P ≤ 0.05] [Hy-C3] [P ≤ 0.01] and [Hy-S] [P ≤ 0.05]), and (PNS-U) between Class II and Class III (P ≤ 0.05) in Chinese group. Significant differences were founded in (TT_FH) (P < 0.001), (Hy_RGn) (P < 0.001), Hyoid bone and C3 (Hy_C3) (P < 0.05), (DeepPharyxatPog) (P < 0.05), and (Hy_C3) between Class I and Class II (P < 0.05) in Egyptian group.

Conclusion:

There is no direct clinical implication of this study. However, the study shows a reference of the average size of PAS in both genders of Egyptian and Chinese races. Gender showed a significant influence on the PAS dimensions in both Chinese and Egyptian individuals. Sexual dimorphism may account for larger airway dimensions and hyoid bone geometry in both Chinese and Egyptian males.
Double-hit and double-expressor primary central nervous system lymphoma: Experience from North India of an infrequent but aggressive variant
Authors: Parkhi Mayur , Chatterjee Debajyoti , Radotra Bishan Dass , Bal Amanjit , Yadav Budhi Singh , Tripathi Manjul
Published: May 2023

Background:

High-grade non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma is an aggressive mature B-cell lymphoma that depicts poor treatment response and worse prognosis. The presence of MYC and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and/or B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) rearrangements qualifies for triple-hit and double-hit lymphomas (THL/DHL), respectively. We attempted to explore the incidence, distribution, and clinical characteristics of the primary high-grade B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) in our cohort from North India.

Methods:

All the histologically confirmed cases of primary CNS diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL) over a period of 8 years were included. Cases showing MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 expression on immunohistochemistry (IHC) (double- or triple-expressor) were further analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization for MYC, BCL2 and /or BCL6 rearrangements. The results were correlated with other clinical and pathological parameters, and outcome.

Results:

Of total 117 cases of PCNS-DLBCL, there were seven (5.9%) cases of double/triple-expressor lymphomas (DEL/TEL) (six double- and one triple-expressor) with median age of 51 years (age range: 31–77 years) and slight female predilection. All were located supratentorially and were of non-geminal center B-cell phenotype. Only triple-expressor case (MYC+/BCL2+/BCL6+) demonstrated concurrent rearrangements for MYC and BCL6 genes indicating DHL (n = 1, 0.85%), while none of the double-expressors (n = 6) showed MYC, BCL2, or BCL6 rearrangements. The mean overall survival of the DEL/TEL was 48.2 days.

Conclusion:

DEL/TEL and DHL are uncommon in CNS; mostly located supratentorially and are associated with poor outcome. MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 IHC can be used as an effective screening strategy for ruling out double/ triple-expressor PCNS-DLBCLs.
Risk factors and prevalence of age-related macular degeneration according to the Russian population study in a comparative aspect with world research
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Bikbov M.M. , Arslangareeva I.I. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Zainullin R.M. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Gilmanshin T.R. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Mavlieva V.F. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa
Published: May 2023

Age-related macular degeneration is one of the most common causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. As the population ages, AMD is becoming an increasingly significant and frequent disease. The pathogenesis of this process remains not fully elucidated and is more related to genetic factors and environmental influences. This article highlights data on the prevalence and risk factors of AMD according to the results of global population studies. The prevalence of AMD according to the data of the only population study in Russia, the Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), in which 5899 urban and rural residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan aged 40 years and older participated, was 10.5%, which was lower than the same indicator in Western Europe (12.3 %), and higher than in East Asia (7.4 %) and Africa (7.5 %). Risk factors for AMD development according to the UEMS are older age, rural region of residence, shorter eye axial length and lower prevalence of diabetes. Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, population study, prevalence, risk factors
Photodynamic therapy in ophthalmology
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufа, Khalimov A.R. , Surkova V.K. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufа, Usubov E.L. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufа
Published: May 2023

The article presents historical aspects and information about the treatment of degenerative diseases of the cornea using methods of photodynamic therapy, including modern technology of ultraviolet (UV) crosslinking of corneal collagen. The achievements of the scientific school of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases in the field of development and implementation of new methods for the treatment of keratectasia, medical devices and products for UV corneal crosslinking are presented. Keywords: cornea, photodynamic therapy, corneal ultraviolet irradiation, UV corneal crosslinking
Diagnostic value of three-dimensional computional reconstruction of the lacrimal ducts and modeling of lacrimal drainage for patients with epiphora
Authors:   All-Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Ufa, Primov R.E. , Shcherbakov D.A. ,   All-Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Ufa, Kuzbekov S.R. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa
Published: May 2023

Perpose. To demonstrate diagnostic value of three-dimensional computional reconstruction of the lacrimal ducts and modeling of lacrimal drainage for patients with epiphora. Material and methods. The study involved 10 patients with epiphora, parameters of lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal canal were measured, a multislice computed tomography (MSCT), MSCT with contrast and three-dimensional modeling of the passage of tears and canaliculi tests were performed. Results. Patients with lacrimal sac dilation and a slight narrowing of the proximal part of the nasolacrimal canal have no changes according to CT with contrast, but have a retrograde flow from lacrimal sac, registered by means of three-dimensional computional reconstruction. Conclusion. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lacrimal ducts and computer simulation of lacrimal passage is a useful tools for a negative canaliculi test in patients with epiphora and no changes according to contrast-enhanced CT. Keywords: epiphora, stenosis of lacrimal paths, multiplanar computer tomography with contrast, three-dimensional computional of lacrimal drainage
The use of angiogenesis blockers in the combined treatment of neovascular glaucoma
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute of the Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministr y of Health of the Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. , Orenburkina O.I. ,   All-Russian Eye and Plastic Surger y Center of the Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministr y of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Neovascularization is the result of an imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important proangiogenic factors and its expression is enhanced in the ischemic retina. The study and introduction of VEGF inhibitors into the combined surgical treatment of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in recent years have been of increasing interest to ophthalmologists. The review article presents an analysis of Russian and foreign literature on the use of anti-VEGF drugs (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and conbercept) in surgery of NVG, which are used «off-label» for this disease. The efficacy is evaluated and various methods of their administration are presented, as well as possible complications. The authors conclude that the most successful strategy in combined treatment of NVG is the use of antiangiogenic drugs, since in the vast majority of cases it allows to achieve the rapid disappearance or, at least, a significant regression of the iris rubeosis and reduction of hemorrhagic complications, which significantly improves the efficacy of subsequent surgical treatment of NVG. Keywords: neovascularization, anti-VEGF drugs, surgical treatment of neovascular glaucoma, prevention of hemorrhagic complications, improving the efficacy of surgical treatment
Results of the retinal blood flow study in pregnant women with diabetes using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pomytkina N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   The Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pashentsev Y.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To study retinal blood flow in pregnant women with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Material and methods. 203 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were examined: 24 — with type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D), 143 — with gestational diabetes (GD), and 36 healthy women with physiological pregnancy, who consisted the control group. OCTA imaging was performed using the RTVue XR Avanti OCT 6 mm × 6 mm «Angio Retina» scan protocols (Optovue, USA). The vascular density (VD), vascular density in the fovea (VDF), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in the superficial capillary plexus were studied. Results. Among studied patients no significant differences in VD and in FAZ area were found. VDF in pregnant women with diabetes was significantly less than in pregnant women with GD and in the control group. There were no significant differences in the studied parameters in groups with different periods of GD manifestation. In pregnant women with diabetes with presence and absence of DR, retinal blood flow did not differ significantly. Given the absence of differences of studied parameters in pregnant women with diabetes without DR and with DR, it can be assumed that the retinal microvascular regulation changes due to chronic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with diabetes and the development of microangiopathy. In 2 patients with T1D and the absence of ophthalmoscopic signs of DR, OCTA revealed areas of nonperfusion in the posterior pole of the eye. Conclusion. OCTA helps to identify areas of retinal nonperfusion in the posterior pole of the eye in pregnant women with diabetes in the absence of ophthalmoscopic signs of DR. Keywords: optical coherence tomography angiography, pregnancy, diabetic retinopathy, retinal blood flow
A rare case of syndrome ablepharon macrostomia
Authors:   Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Ufa, Solovyova E.P. , Kutushev R.Z. ,   Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Ufa
Published: May 2023

Ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome (AMS) is a very rare genetic pathology characterized by abnormal phenotypic manifestations that primarily affect the head and face. The most noticeable anomaly is absent (ablepharon) or underdeveloped eyelids and a large mouth (fish-mouth syndrome) — macrostomia. The article presents a case report in a one-and-a-half-year-old girl with eyelid aplasia of both eyes, which required reconstructive plastic surgery. For this purpose, a plastic surgery with a free flap was successfully performed, and after 4 months a frame protection plastic surgery using the «Alloplant» biomaterial was done to eliminate recurrent lagophthalmos, to form the cartilage of the eyelids and to strengthen them. A few years later, the Alloplant dispersed biomaterial was used in the cicatricial parts of the eyelids and palpebral fissure was lengthened. Keywords: Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome, genetic disorders, eyelid anomalies, eyelid reconstructive surgery
Images scientifiques, méréologie, couleur. Une mise à l’épreuve du postulat de l’exploration
Authors: Beyaert-Geslin Anne
Published: May 2023

L’article propose une définition particulière de l’image scientifique, la considérant comme une étape dans l’expertise d’un objet. Cette conception l’amène à comparer les dessins d’un mémoire de restauration d’une œuvre d’art et les images de bagage prises par la sûreté aéroportuaire. Il discute le mode de construction de ces images et se concentre sur la fonction de la couleur.
Image, événement, présupposition
Authors: Bordron Jean-François
Published: May 2023

Les images sont-elles des événements ayant leur mode d’action propre, ou des entités, définissables par des catégories mais essentiellement stables ? Nous essayons de montrer que la notion d’événement, si on la comprend comme un mode d’organisation de ce que W. James appelait « le flux de l’expérience, peut éclairer l’usage scientifique des images. Par ailleurs nous essayons de comprendre comment l’image, loin d’être un accessoire simplement utile, dirige en réalité l’expérience. Nous en donnons des exemples à partir des images fractales. Ceci nous conduit à une réflexion sur la nature a priori de certaines images, en nous aidant de paradoxes inventés par le mathématicien J. Bertrand.
Le dessin anatomique et l’image scientifique
Authors: NOVELLO PAGLIANTI Nanta
Published: May 2023

L’article traitera le dessin anatomique dans quelques manuels d’anatomie contemporains sous différents aspects. Nous allons étudier d’abord les représentations du corps humains dans leur multiplicité : le dessin anatomique mais aussi les images corporelles réalisées au moyen des techniques les plus contemporaines. Une première partie sera consacrée à l’analyse d’un manuel d’anatomie contemporaine et aux dessins corporels qu’il contient. La deuxième partie sera axée d’une façon plus détaillée sur le statut des images du corps et sur le sens de ces mises en scène corporelles. Nous allons considérer le manuel d’anatomie en lui-même comme un texte qui se structure grâce à un dialogue continu avec ses images.
Generazione e visualizzazione delle forme nello spazio: proprietà topologiche e percezione di superfici geometriche
Authors: Boi Luciano
Published: May 2023

Dans cet article, nous étudions quelques aspects de la visualisation topologique en tant que méthode pour appréhender des propriétés mathématiques et phénoménologiques de l’espace ambiant, dans lequel se constituent nos perceptions et se construit notre rapport au monde. Nous montrons que des opérations apparemment « élémentaires » comme couper et coller peuvent être composées de sorte à donner lieu à des constructions plus complexes, telles que somme connexe et surface à bord, faisant apparaître de nouvelles propriétés. Celles-ci sont de deux types : objectal et holiste ; alors que les premières sont relatives à la structure in se d’un objet géométrique (surface, variété), les secondes concernent surtout les relations entre ce même objet et l’espace dans lequel il est plongé ou immergé. Le premier type de propriétés est mis en évidence par la classe des déformations (ou transformations) appelée homéomorphismes, tandis que le second type de propriétés apparaît clairement grâce à la classe des isotopies. Le point essentiel est que topologiquement deux objets peuvent avoir la même « forme » même si leurs images graphiques nous apparaissent très différentes. Ce qui montre que l’équivalence des formes a un sens topologique beaucoup plus important que l’équivalence entre images. En effet, deux objets peuvent nous apparaître très différents quant à leur présentation graphique et pourtant appartenir à la même famille de formes. Prenons le cas de deux objets dont l’un est noué et l’autre ne l’est pas, alors qu’ils ont une apparence très similaire. Le fait d’être noué ou dénoué est ainsi une propriété de nature topologique qui concerne moins les objets in se, que l’espace tridimensionnel dans lequel ils sont plongés. Étudier les objets et leurs environnements spatiaux revient à essayer de comprendre les dynamiques de transformation et l’émergence de nouvelles propriétés et qualités de ces mêmes objets.
RNA-protein complexes and force field polarizability
Authors: Baltrukevich Hanna , Bartos Piia
Published: May 2023

Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations offer a way to study biomolecular interactions and their dynamics at the atomistic level. There are only a few studies of RNA-protein complexes in MD simulations, and here we wanted to study how force fields differ when simulating RNA-protein complexes: 1) argonaute 2 with bound guide RNA and a target RNA, 2) CasPhi-2 bound to CRISPR RNA and 3) Retinoic acid-inducible gene I C268F variant in complex with double-stranded RNA. We tested three non-polarizable force fields: Amber protein force fields ff14SB and ff19SB with RNA force field OL3, and the all-atom OPLS4 force field. Due to the highly charged and polar nature of RNA, we also tested the polarizable AMOEBA force field and the ff19SB and OL3 force fields with a polarizable water model OPC3-pol. Our results show that the non-polarizable force fields lead to compact and stable complexes. The polarizability in the force field or in the water model allows significantly more movement from the complex, but in some cases, this results in the disintegration of the complex structure, especially if the protein contains longer loop regions. Thus, one should be cautious when running long-scale simulations with polarizability. As a conclusion, all the tested force fields can be used to simulate RNA-protein complexes and the choice of the optimal force field depends on the studied system and research question.
Heritable, mutable, and selectable spatial patterns from bistable chemical reaction networks in weakly-coupled reactor arrays
Authors: Peng Zhen , Plum Alex , Adam Zachary
Published: May 2023

The origins of genetic information processing remain a mystery in prebiotic chemistry research. Genetic systems encode information as digital sequences of nucleotide residues and require multiple interdependent and complex machineries that were likely to have been established late in the prebiotic evolutionary process. Candidate predecessor systems are potentially insightful for examining how genetic systems could have been scaffolded by alternatives that were simpler, yet capable of performing comparable functions. Some researchers have proposed that relative concentrations of simple chemical species (i.e., chemical compositions) could encode heritable information in an analog manner. While conceptually plausible, it is also difficult to explain how most forms of analog inheritance (which can be highly sensitive to interference) could underpin emergent characteristics that are necessary for adaptive evolution afforded by high-fidelity, polymer-based digital inheritance. Here, by simulating bistable reaction systems with two simple autocatalytic cycles in two-dimensional lattices of connected flow reactors, we show that without linear polymers, it is still possible to encode spatial configurations of discrete states of chemical compositions that are heritable and mutable. Different configurations can have differing likelihoods of propagating to new reactors or recovering from perturbations, which means that they can respond to at least some types of selective environments or conditions. Taken together, these spatial configurations are heritable, mutable, and selectable (HMS). They are similar to analog inheritance because they depend on chemical compositions, and they are similar to digital inheritance because they consist of spatially distributed, discretized units. Although such discrete HMS spatial configurations are far less heritable, more mutable, and less selectable than nucleotide-sequence-based digital inheritance, they represent a possible bridge between analog and digital inheritance in complex chemical systems.
Uncoordinated β-Diketiminate Anions: Structural Insights from Caesium Complexes
Authors: Videa Hellen , Martinez-Martinez Antonio J.
Published: May 2023

This study reports the first structural elucidation of uncoordinated β-diketiminate anions (BDI–) in the presence of caesium complexes. The β-diketiminate caesium salt (BDICs) was synthesised, and upon addition of Lewis donor ligands, free BDI– anions and donor-solvated Cs+ cations were observed. Interestingly, the released BDI– anions exhibit a dynamic cisoid-transoid exchange in solution.