bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anticoagulation therapy and thromboembolic complications in pediatric patients undergoing the Fontan procedure
Authors: Arlinda Maloku  , Ramush Bejiqi  , Aferdita Mustafa  , Velibor Tasic  , Shaip Krasniqi
Published: November 2022

Objectives: We assessed the children with complex heart anomalies who undergone operative intervention of any form of Fontan intervention and analyzed them for thromboembolic complications after Fontan procedure performed at the Pediatric Clinic of Pristina.Background: Thromboembolic complications are a major cause of early and late mortality in children with single-ventricle congenital heart defects who have undergone a Fontan procedure.Thrombosis is an important and unpredictable complication, not only after Fontan operation but also associated with each stage of single-ventricle palliation. It is an important cause of morbidity, particularly when it leads to pulmonary embolism or stroke, and contributes to mortality.Methodology: The research was conducted at the Pediatric Clinic in the Cardiology and Intensive Care Service, during 2018-2021. The study includes patients who have undergone tertiary level intervention - one of the forms of the Fontan procedure, the research included 40 patients aged 0 -19 years. The children were divided into two groups: the group 29 patients using Aspirin therapy and the group of 11 patients without Aspirin therapy. In children after admission, laboratory tests were performed: hemogram, bleeding time, coagulation time, INR, PTT, and PT.Results: The mean age of children with antithrombotic therapy was 6.03 years (DS ± 5.84 years), those without therapy 3.27 years (DS ± 5.44 years). Aspirin as antithrombotic therapy was applied to 29 patients at a dose of 15 to 115 mg / 24 hours. In 6 patients the dose was less than 3-5 mg / kg body weight.Thepatients with congenital heart malformations after Fontan procedure receiving antithrombotic therapy are 1.4 times more likely to have reduced prothrombin time.Conclusions: Fontan procedure in children has been gratifying, with most survivors now leading lives of good quality into adulthood.
A Study Of The Factors Influencing The Acquisition And Retention Of Customers In The Indian Telecommunications Industry: Systematic Analysis Using The SPSS Model
Authors: Saikat Banik  , Dr. Parul Sinha
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this article is to discover the important factors that influence the acquisition and retention of clients of Indian telecommunications carriers. The survey has been conducted to 54 respondents across Delhi NCR in line with the objective of the study has been conducted from 31 variables identified from various literature reviews. The 31 variables have been categorized into six factors such as service, support, CRM, price, network, and regulatory. Survey-based questionnaires were used to collect data for 54 respondents using Google Form. The study finds out that value added services, reliability of service factor, commitment of support factor, call rates and offers of pricing factor, network quality of network factor and telecom policy of regulatory factor significantly influencing customer acquisition and retention of Indian telecom companies. This study is of great benefit to university researchers, managers, and telecommunications practitioners.
A Prospective Study On Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery Complications In Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Zahid Khan , Seema Sharafat , Rabia Nazir , Fatima Younis
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Hydrocephalus is defined as enlargement in ventricles size due to the increase in cerebrospinal fluid volume. Impaired cerebrospinal fluids in terms of absorption and pathways obstruction or subarachnoid spaces are the different causes for hydrocephalus. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt is the most prevalent performed treatment modality on elective or emergency basis for hydrocephalus in neurosurgery. However, this treatment modality is apprehended due to its various complications. There is paucity of data regarding ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery complications. The present study aimed to evaluate the ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications in a tertiary care hospital.

Methodology: This prospective study was conducted on 96 hydrocephalus patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from January 2020 to December 2021.  Hospital research and ethical committee approved the study protocol and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Hydrocephalus patients of either gender without age discrimination who underwent first ventriculoperitoneal shunts were enrolled. Patients who underwent external ventricular drain, lumboperitoneal shunts, shunts revision, and ventriculoatrial shunts were excluded. Detailed history, clinical inspections, and full investigations such as cerebrospinal fluid, C-reactive protein (CRP), X-rays examinations, full blood count (FBC), brain CT scans and abdomen pelvis ultrasound has been carried out in all eligible patients. Post-surgery routine follow-up was scheduled one and six months after discharge. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis.

Results: Of the total 96 hydrocephalus patients, there were 63 (66%) male and 33 (34%) females. Patient’s age-wise distribution was as follows: Age< 1 year 36 (37.5%), 1-10 years 28 (29.2%), 11-20 years 22 (22.9%), 21-30 years 7 (7.3%), and 31-40 years 3 (3.1%). The incidence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery complications such as shunt blockage, infection, shunt erosion, and extrusion was 44 (45.8%), 34 (35.4%), 16 (16.7%), and 9 (9.4%) respectively. The mortality rate was 3.1% due to the complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. Brain tumors was the most prevalent cause of hydrocephalus in 37 (38.5%) followed by Post-meningitis 21 (21.9%), encephaloceles 11 (11.5%), Cerebellar hematoma 10 (10.4%), Intraventricular hemorrhage 6 (6.3%), Aqueduct stenosis 4 (4.2%), Neurocysticercosis 2 (2.1%) and others 2 (2.1%). 

Conclusion: Our study concluded that the most prevalent ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery complications were shunt blockage and shunt infection. Brain tumors were the common cause of hydrocephalus followed by post-meningitis and encephaloceles. Shunt upper end is more susceptible to complications than the lower end. The overall mortality rate was 3.1%. These complications might leads to server clinical issues that results patient’s death.
Study Of (NF-Κb) Gene Expression As A Biomarker For Development Of Cardiovascular Disease In Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mervat Kamil kadhim and Alaa Mohammad Hasson Al-Husseini
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research is to see if there is a link between diabetes type 2 complications and the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) overexpression.

Ninety blood samples were collected from individuals and divided into three groups, each group involved thirty samples: the first group representing individuals with (hypertensive type 2 diabetes ) ,the second group representing (hypertensive type 2 diabeteswith cardiovascular diseases), and the last group was represented by a control group.

mRNA was extracted from blood samples then converted to cDNA by using the (qPCR) technique.  The outcomes revealed a significant increase (p<0.05) in expression of  mRNANF-κB in both groups compared to the control group and this over- expression in hypertensive type 2 diabetes with cardiovascular diseases more than hypertensive type 2 diabetes. The NF-κB gene was studied in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the current study, and it could be a novel target for early CVD therapy in the future.
Comparison Study Of Intrathecal 0.75% Ropivacaine Heavy Versus 0.5% Bupivacaine Heavy For Safety & Efficacy Of Patients Posted For Elective Lower Abdominal Surgeries: A Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: PROF.DR.P.S.Shanmugam  , Dr. Manikandan Ravi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Intrathecal Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine , who are posted for elective surgery under regional Anesthesia.

Method: After getting approval from the institutional ethical committee and informed consent from patients. 100 patients scheduled for various lower abdominal surgeries. All patients were selected based on ASA 1&2. Patients are randomly selected in two groups (R&B). Group-R  n=50, received 0.75% Ropivacaine heavy Group-B n=50, received 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy.

 Inclusion criteria: Both Gender, ASA 1&2, Age 20-60, Elective lower abdominal surgeries.

Exclusion criteria:  Patient refusal, Emergency surgeries, Local sepsis at site of injection.

Characteristics: In our study, we compared patient with regard to Age, Weight, Height, ASA status, Motor and sensory blockage.

Discussion: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Intrathecal Ropivacaine in comparision with Bupivacaine. We evaluated the Motor and sensory block characteristics. Ropivacaine showed slow onset, slightly faster motor regression than sensory . Total time for sensory regression has been prolonged in Ropivacaine than Bupivacaine in our study.

Conclusion: In our study, the sensory block achieved was maximum with Ropivacaine compared with Bupivacaine. Onset of motor block was rapid in Bupivacaine when  compared to Ropivacaine. This study showed that Ropivacaine has lower level of cephaled  spread of sensory block, but it takes more time for regression of sensory block compared to motor block. Urinary retention  is more with Group-B than Group-R. Hemodynamic stability was better with Ropivacaine compared with  Bupivacaine.
Variation Of Fev1 Andfvc With Body Mass Index In Healthy Individuals
Authors: Dr. Ilham Jaleel and Dr. S. Mahila
Published: November 2022

Background:The association between body mass index and lung function have been established mainly on obese individuals but however very few studies have been done in people with normal BMI or overweight group.Objective:The study is aimed to find out the association between body mass index and lung functions in non-asthmatics healthy individuals. The study data reveals the variation of FEV1 and FVC in normal healthy subjects with respect to increase in the BMI.Methodology: Sixty individuals who were healthy without any respiratory illness were selected.  Their anthropometric measurements were taken. They were grouped into Group I with BMI 18.5 - 20, Group II with BMI  20 – 25, Group III with BMI 25 – 30 and Group IV with BMI >30.  Their FVC and FEV1 was determined using Medispiror.  The variation in FEV1 and FVC was compared with respect to BMI using appropriate statistical method.Result:The results showed that there was a decrease in the FEV1 and FVC as there is increase in the BMI.  However, the decrease in FVC was relatively more than the decrease in FEV.This study shows that the decrease in the FVC is responsible for the dyspnoea as the BMI increases. Conclusion: It also demonstrates that obese individuals are at a lower risk of airflow obstruction, which means that asthma might be over diagnosed in the obese population.
Effect Of Body Mass Index On The Time Of Orthopedic Surgeries
Authors: Hussamaldin Ibrahim Mohammed , Dr. Bashar J. Al-Juwary
Published: November 2022

Background: Obesity has a direct and indirect effect on surgery in general and orthopedic surgery in particular. It is no secret that orthopedic surgery has a direct relationship with BMI, so obesity is one of the factors that may have the most impact in terms of the time and recovery period. The purpose of the research that we are conducting right now is to investigate the impact that obesity has on the length of time needed for orthopedic surgeries.

Material and method: A case control study design for the period extended from 1st November 2021 to 2nd October 2022, a total 200 patients were selected from (Mosul General Hospital, Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, and Al-Jumhouri Teaching Hospital) by non-probability sampling at Mosul city in northern of Iraq. In order to conduct statistical data analysis, version 26 of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was utilized.

Result: Obese patients exhibited a highly significant increase (at p-value 0.000) in the time of the three types of surgery (emergency, elective, and planned) when compared to non-obese patients.

Conclusion: Obesity has a clear effect on the time taken to perform orthopedic surgeries.
Early Enteral Feeding Versus Delayed Enteral Nutrition: Effects On Morbidity After Intestinal Surgery; A Prospective Study
Authors: Ali Ghazi Abed , Tawfiq j. M. Almarzooq
Published: November 2022

Routine practice after bowel anastomoses has been to keep patient nil per oral till the return of bowel sound with a belief that this will prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting and protect the anastomotic site where, however this trend had been changed to encourage enteral feeding as early as possible as various studies has shown early enteral feeding to be beneficial in terms of nutritional, immunological aspect and for faster postoperative recovery of patient.

Objective; To study and compare the effects of early enteral feeding with those of conventional management in postoperative patients undergoing intestinal primary suturing or direct repair.

Patients and methods ; A prospective interventional study conducted for 135 patients with an age range between 15 – 67 years old who admitted to  the general surgery Department in AlKindy Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq for the period between 1st of March 2019  and 1st October  2021. The patients were randomly assigned to schedule with starting oral feeding on the first day after surgery, referred to as early feeding group and those with delayed oral feeding till first passage of flatus and bowel movement, referred to as regular feeding group and compared overall prevalence of postoperative complication, length of hospital stay and outcome of surgery in these two groups.

Result; There was less post operative complication in early feeding  group as compaired  with regular feeding group patients. Twenty percent patients  developed post operative vomiting in early feeding group and sixteen percent  patients in regular feeding group. Post operative fever occurred in five percent patients in early feeding  group while sixteen percent  patients in regular feeding group sufferd from postoperative fever. Abdominal distension noted in five percent patients in early feeding  group while sixteen percent patients in regular feeding group. The average length of hospital stay in patient belong to early feeding  group was 2-5 day while patient in regular feeding group stayed in hospital for average 3-8 days.  

Conclusion; There is more benefit from early oral feeding than delay oral feeding strategy in incidence of postoperative morbidity and period of hospital stay after intestinal surgery.
Real-Time Fortitude Of Emtricitabine, Dolutegravir And Tenofovir In Pharmaceutical Dosage By Rp-Hplc Method Through Stability Studies
Authors: Pavan Kumar Kasu , Battu Satyanarayana
Published: November 2022

An accurate, an efficient, sensitive, stability indicting RP-HPLC method has designed and developed and authenticated for the instantaneous determination of Emtricitabine, Dolutegravir and Tenofovir by pharmaceutical dosage method. The retention time of the Emtricitabine (ECT) Dolutegravir (DTG) and Tenofovir (TEN) 2.088, 2.491 and 2.919 minutes respectively compared with standard drugs retention time.
Enhancing Power Quality Using Renewable Energy: A Review
Authors: Shahab Uddin Baqar
Published: November 2022

In order to enhance the quality of the electricity in microgrids powered by renewable energy, this study introduces a three-phase Active Power Conditioner. The six IGBT bridge is managed by three hysteresis controllers. Disturbances in a microgrid, which is a fragile electrical grid, can be crucial. The Active Power Conditioner (APC), which is described in this paper, serves as a bridge between the microgrid's AC bus and renewable energy sources. The implementation of an upgraded control technique allows for the injection of electrical energy from renewable sources while also enhancing power quality inside the same microgrid. THDI (Total Harmonic Distortion), PF (Power Factor), and current can all be improved with the help of the control approach known as Extended Indirect Control Strategy.
Leadership - The Bhagavad Geeta Way - Need Of 21st Century
Authors: Dr. Neha Puranik , Mrs. Neha Inamdar
Published: November 2022

Ancient Indian wisdom has a lot of knowledge with which one can balance his/her life and career. In the recent time the world has seen the adverse effects of the situations caused by Covid 19. The world has faced the complete shift from offline work module to online. This transition was not easy but the leaders made it possible. Leadership is all about knowing the business and getting the things done with people in mutually beneficial ways. Being said that the entrepreneurs or the leaders should know about 4 major things viz; Business, team building, self-motivation, and leadership.  We can see the ancient Indian wisdom from 3 dimensions viz; spiritual, religious, secular ideas. Many people think that ancient Indian wisdom is 5000 years old and may not be of much relevance in today`s era. But if we study it in detail, we can find it is still making sense. The knowledge representation in these Granthas e.g Bhagavad Geeta, Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana,
A Comparative Antimicrobial Potential Of Camellia Sinensis And Vachellia Nilotica Formulation Based Mouthwash And Commercial Mouthwash
Authors: Amrithaa. B , Dr. Anju Cecil , Rajeshkumar S
Published: November 2022

Background: Camellia sinensis (Green tea) has good antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and it is used for evasion of periodontal disease development. Microbial dysbiosis of oral microflora containing gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic microorganisms and these organisms can bring about the advancement of cariogenic dental plaque on the teeth and commencement of dental caries. Green tea leaves contain a high convergence of fluorides, which contribute towards its cariostatic activity alongside different parts present in the tea. Vachellia nilotica (Babul) contains rich content of fiber and proteins. It has good antimicrobial activity. It is very helpful for treating mouth ulcers.

Aims: To compare antimicrobial potential of Camellia sinensis and Vachellia nilotica herbal formulated mouthwash and commercial mouthwash.

Materials and Methods: The plant extract was prepared with 1g dried green tea leaves and 1g powder of Babul mixed with 100ml distilled water and  boiled for 10 minutes, at 60-80°C on a heating mantle. The extract was filtered using Whatman No.1 filter paper. Further the herbal formulation of Green tea and Babul and commercial mouthwash was subjected to determine the antimicrobial activity.

Results: Antimicrobial activity of green tea extract and Babul formulated mouthwash has good Antibacterial activity as there is a high zone of inhibition in Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus aureus. Commercial mouthwash has good Antibacterial activity as there is a high zone of inhibition in Streptococcus mutans.

Conclusions: Green tea and Babul herbal formulated mouthwash has good antimicrobial activity when compared to commercial mouthwash.
DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S09.84
Authors: Girish Sharma , Dr. Khushbu Agarwal
Published: November 2022

As the COVID-19 outbreak spread from early 2020 on, synchronous and asynchronous online learning became the predominant delivery method in the education system. This is the inaugural time that educational programs have indeed been totally given online across the state. So, this research aims to study the Indian student’s perception of synchronous and asynchronous online courses amid COVID-19. This study involved 655 responses from UG students of various Indian educational institutions. In this study, we utilized basic random sampling to gather data, and SPSS was used to analyse the data. To narrow down the enormous dimensionality, the acquired data were subjected to a factor analysis utilizing a principal component analytical method. The results of the study demonstrate that synchronous can be challenging at times and puts more responsibility on the students. Asynchronous learning also gives the learners the chance to independently investigate and explore the subjects that have been given to them. Another reason why asynchronous exercises were perceived as burdensome by students was the large number of handwritten tasks that had to be turned in quickly. The COVID-19 outbreak has indeed been difficult for both students and teachers nationwide. Yet, teachers have supported students' use of digital learning tools. Therefore, asynchronous and synchronous online courses together have produced balanced learning.
A Research Framework And Evaluation Of The Efficiency Of Online Teaching Pedagogy In Individual Skill Development
Authors: Girish Sharma , Dr. Sanya Kenaphoom
Published: November 2022

This essay clarifies the knowledge and abilities needed to instruct online courses in higher education. The introduction of the study included a general review of the problems with online teaching and learning. This study looked at one training strategy for new online educators and evaluated how it affected the quality of their instruction and integration of their subject matter. The conceptual supporting was the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model. Three information sources were utilized in a quantitatively-determined blended techniques plan: (1) the pre-and post-instructional class schedules of the educators; (2) pre-and post-preparing understudy evaluations of showing scores; and (3) the results of a subsequent web-based study. As per the review's discoveries, educators showed (a) measurably huge changes by the way they integrated components into the overhaul of their course schedules and (b) enhancements in their showing abilities as expressed without help from anyone else in the subsequent overview Three information sources were utilized in a quantitatively-determined blended techniques plan: (1) the pre-and post-instructional class prospectuses of the teachers; (2) pre-and post-preparing understudy evaluations of showing scores; and (3) the results of a subsequent web-based study. As per the review's discoveries, educators showed (a) measurably huge changes by the way they integrated components into the overhaul of their course schedules and (b) enhancements in their showing abilities as expressed without anyone else in the subsequent study. Be that as it may, there were no apparent contrasts between the pre-and post-preparing understudy appraisals of their guidance. In general, educators showed exceptionally moderate additions in their capacity to train.
AVALIAÇÃO OCULAR EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS
Authors: De Souza Castro Elisete , Teixeira Karla , Sonoda Rodrigo Trentin
Published: November 2022

A acuidade visual infantil deve ser realizada desde o nascimento, evitando danos irreversíveis a visão e desenvolvimento cognitivo. No Brasil é estimado que 20% dos casos de cegueira são evitáveis. Testes como de Strampelli e Brückner podem ser aplicados para diagnóstico precoce de doenças como catarata congênita, retinoblastoma e outros. Objetiva-se descrever algumas doenças oculares comuns, meios de detecção e a importância do cuidado com a saúde visual de neonatos. Através de revisão da literatura de trabalhos que se enquadram com a temática publicados de 2017 a 2022. Como resultados foram encontrados 250 artigos, dos quais, ao passarem por critérios de exclusão e inclusão, apenas 6 atenderam o objetivo principal. Demonstra-se a importância dos cuidados visuais, em especial em consonância com a quantidade de anomalias encontradas nos testes aplicados em maternidades e Unidades Básicas de Saúde, que são baixos. Os autores destacam a importância de testes de diagnóstico precoce e a obrigatoriedade em todo território nacional.
ERGONOMIA VISUAL: GESTÃO OPTOMÉTRICA
Authors: Oliveira Santos Cassio de , Mok  Gaia Luciene , Sonoda Rodrigo Trentin
Published: November 2022

A tecnologia evoluiu muito em pouco tempo e hoje torna-se quase indispensável para a população, no tocante ao trabalho, entretenimento e lazer, as consequências visuais dessa evolução também chegarão de forma rápida. Fadiga ocular, olho seco, cefaléia, embaçamento visual são, entre outros, as principais queixas de quem usa de forma indiscriminada os dispositivos eletrônicos. Dispositivos estes que devido ao comprimento de onda que emitem, tornam-se nocivos a algumas estruturas fundamentais do olho como córnea, cristalino e retina preocupando profissionais da área da saúde visual. Através de revisões em artigos indexados pelas plataformas Google acadêmico, Scielo, Pubmed e outros, publicados em inglês, espanhol e português dando evidência aos danos causados pelo excesso de acomodação, emissão de luz azul e a relação com o desenvolvimento da miopia. Pesquisa-se possíveis soluções de acordo com a higiene visual e técnicas de enfrentamento do estresse visual.
O PAPEL DO EDUCADOR DOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: DISCUTINDO A LUDICIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Köhler Chaves Delma , Ripa Roselaine
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo objetivou investigar quais as contribuições do educador para o desenvolvimento de uma educação lúdica significativa no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Assim, buscou-se como objetivos específicos: discutir o conceito de educação lúdica e suas interfaces com os Anos Iniciais no planejamento docente; identificar na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) o papel que é atribuído ao educador nessa etapa do Ensino Fundamental; e descrever o que os trabalhos acadêmicos, em nível de mestrado e doutorado defendidos nos últimos cinco anos (2017 a 2021), trazem sobre a educação lúdica do processo educativo nessa primeira etapa do Ensino Fundamental. Para tanto, a metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, de cunho qualitativa e descritiva, por meio da qual se constatou que é necessária uma maior atenção ao processo de transição da Educação Infantil para os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, a fim de colocar as crianças em primeiro plano e valorizar o contexto delas envolto na ludicidade. Ainda, em relação ao conceito de educação lúdica, essa foi definida como forma de aprender em meio a diversão e como uma forma de testar habilidades ou destrezas das crianças e averiguou-se que atividades lúdicas são ferramentas de suporte para estimular o desenvolvimento infantil e potencializar a aprendizagem no contexto escolar. Logo, educadores precisam buscar formação teórica e prática a fim de constituir um planejamento organizado e comprometido com os fins educativos.
Prediction of Relapse Among Individuals Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Therapy in Johor Bahru Health District
Authors: Mohmad Faradia , Ismail Suriani , Abdul Manaf Rosliza
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Increase in the number of opioids seized in the recent year may indicate increased opioid use in Malaysia. In counteracting opioid abuse, Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) was introduced in Malaysia but relapse following MMT has become an important issue. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and patient factors that served as predictors of opioid relapse among MMT patients. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 159 MMT patients who have reached dose stabilization (eight weeks at a constant dose of methadone) was conducted in Johor Bahru Health District. The dependent variable was opioid relapse, while the independent variables include socio-demographic characteristics, MMT history, crime history, cognitive and interpersonal factors, and social-environment influence. Face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires and secondary data collection using data collection sheets were done. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the predictors. Significant level set at alpha less than 5%. Result: The response rate was 86.9% with majority of them were Malay, male, and Muslim. The prevalence of opioid relapse was 11.9%. Those who were non-polydrug users (AOR=3.701, 95%CI=1.182, 11.587, p=0.025), classified as having moderate (AOR=5.869, 95%CI=1.524, 22.595, p=0.010) and high (AOR=5.952, 95%CI=1.000, 35.445, p=0.050) relapse risk response after given hypothetical situation whether respondent been offered drug or not, were more likely to have relapsed. Respondents with higher cognitive and behavioral problem-solving response scores were less likely to have relapsed (AOR=0.949, 95%CI=0.909, 0.991, p=0.008). Conclusion: About 1 in 5 MMT clients had relapsed after they reach dose stabilization. The predictors of opioid relapse were non-polydrug users, having moderate to high relapse risk, and cognitive and behavioral problem-solving responses.
Abuse of Xylazine by Human and its Emerging Problems: A Review from Forensic Perspective
Authors: Koon Teoh Way , Md Muslim Noor Zuhartini , Haw Chang Kah , Lim Abdullah Ahmad Fahmi
Published: November 2022

Xylazine is a sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxant widely applied in the veterinary field. However, owing to its depressant effect, xylazine has become a substance of abuse by humans. Misuse of xylazine not only triggers unwanted consequences (death), but also linked with various crimes. Google Scholar, PubMed and SciFinder were used to retrieve articles and case reports in relation to the misuses of xylazine and established analytical methods for forensic investigation until November 2021. Literatures reported the accidental and intended poisoning of xylazine, recreational use of xylazine and as an adulterant in recreational drugs. In addition to being a facilitator of crime and sexual assault, it is administered illegally to food producing animals as a sedative and to sports animals as a doping agent. Problems associated with the abuse of xylazine were highlighted in this review, covering the unknown prevalence of xylazine abuse and the need to revise the regulatory status of xylazine. In addition, limited screening and confirmatory methods that can be readily utilised to detect xylazine either alone or simultaneously with other substances of abuse, particularly useful for forensic toxicology and narcotic section were available in the literature. As a conventionally used veterinary drug, xylazine is undoubtedly a potentially hazardous drug, and the investigations on its potential abuse would enhance routine forensic examination to keep pace with the status of illicit drugs.
Clinical Assessment Limitation in Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumour of Rectovaginal Septum Diagnosis: A Case Report
Authors: Noor Mohamad Noor Azura , Nagandl Kavitha , Kampan Nirmala Chandralega , Shafiee Mohamad Nasir
Published: November 2022

Extragastrointestinal tumour of rectovaginal septum (rvGIST) is a rare malignancy that affects rectovaginal septum. We present a case of rvGIST that was initially managed as cervical eGIST based on clinical assessment. A 66-year-old woman presented with postmenopausal bleeding and constipation. Bimanual pelvic examination revealed an irregular mass occupying the vagina. CT thorax, abdomen and pelvis showed a 9.2 x 10.0 x 14.0 cm pelvic mass arising from cervix, extending superiorly to involve the uterus. The patient proceeded to undergo total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, enucleation of rectovaginal septum mass, rectosigmoidectomy and permanent colostomy. Intraoperatively, there was a 9 x 7 cm mass arising from rectovaginal septum. Histopathological examination of surgical specimen revealed spindle cell tumour diffusely positive for CD34, CD117 and DOG1. The final diagnosis was rvGIST. In conclusion, the diagnosis of rvGIST require a combination of clinical assessment with intraoperative finding and histological assessment of the surgical specimen.
Pre-operative Non-Invasive Imaging for Neonatal Cholestasis
in a Child with Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia
Authors: Zainal Rain Rancis Siti Lenggogeni , Abd Rahim Jazilah , A. Karim Noor Khairiah
Published: November 2022

Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scintigraphy is a non-invasive, functional imaging of the hepatobiliary system that serves as an adjunct imaging modality for neonatal cholestasis work-up. In view of the urgency to diagnose biliary atresia and restore bile flow through surgery, HIDA scintigraphy could help to distinguish between neonatal cholestasis due to biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis of various causes. We describe a full-term male infant with jaundice beyond the physiological period in which HIDA scintigraphy showed absent tracer excretion from the biliary system into the intestines up to 5 hours on follow-up imaging. The intraoperative diagnosis confirmed the diagnosis of biliary atresia. The prognosis of the patient with biliary atresia depends on early surgical planning and intervention. Therefore, non-invasive diagnostic tools play an important role in the evaluation of a child with neonatal cholestasis.
A Review of Guava (Psidium Guajava)
Authors: Ms. Kanchan R. Gaykar  , Ms. Shejal A. Late  , Minaj B. Inamdar
Published: November 2022

Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) typically acknowledged for its meals and dietary values at some point of the world. A variety of chemical substances isolated from plant life like quercetin, guaijaverin, isoflavonoids, gallic acid, catechin, epicathechin, rutin, naringenin, kaempferol flavonoids and galactose-unique lecithins have proven promising pastime. Toxicity research in mice and different animal fashions in addition to managed human research display leaf, seed, pulp, pores and skin and culmination distinct extract in distinct attention are enables to save you cancer, regulating blood Pressure, and treating diarrhea. Much of the conventional makes use of had been established through clinical research. The plant has been extensively studied in phrases of pharmacological pastime of its essential additives and the effects display antioxidant, antipyretic, antifungal, antimicrobial, hypotensive analgesic and anti inflammatory effect.
Design and Prototype of Vertical PVC Pipe Climbing Device for Gas Leakage Detection
Authors: Mahesh Buradkar  , Akshay Hage  , Pranay Hole  , Saqlain Raja Jamil Ahmad Sheikh  , Ajay Sonkatar
Published: November 2022

This paper describes the Design and Prototype of vertical PVC pipe climbing device for gas leakage Detection. However, manually it is very difficult to reach up and inspect the vertical pipes for leakage or damage, because the pipe height is too long and sometime it installed in very high places and also the environmental condition is not safe. To overcome this type of problem and carry out the inspection more easily, we developed a PVC Vertical Pipe Climbing device to climb up and down vertically to detect the gas leakage, and when the leakage is detecting, the device is automatically stop on detected place. In this project we used the butane gas from cigarette lighter and check the leakage up to the level of 4 feet on vertical PVC pipe with the help of toggle switch. Here MQ-2 sensor is used with the device to help us for inspection of pipe.
Autonomous IoT System Security Capability: Pushing IoT Security to the Edge
Authors: Mundhe Prachi N.  , Dr. Rokade M. D.
Published: November 2022

Complex systems of IoT devices (SIoTD) are systems that have a single purpose but consist of multiple IoT devices. These systems are becoming ubiquitous, have complex security requirements, and face a diverse and ever-changing array of cyber threats. Privacy and bandwidth issues will prevent all data from these systems from being sent to a central location, so these systems cannot completely rely on a centralized cloud service for their security. The security of these systems must be provided locally and autonomously. In this paper, we describe the capability to address this problem, explain the system specifications, present our work to enable SIoTD, and show initial results of a novel edge-based machine learning application to build this capability.
Using Machine Learning Techniques Detection of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Sujit Waman  , Shivam Rain  , Bhushan Pawar  , Pritesh Bhor  , Dr. Monika Rokade
Published: November 2022

Using first-order statistical features, this paper presents a new method for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) in 3D brain Magnetic Resonance images. Alzheimer's disease is a neurological condition that mostly affects the elderly. Because Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease, early detection and classification can greatly aid in disease management. Recent research has used voxel-based Magnetic Resonance brain image feature extraction approaches in conjunction with machine learning algorithms to achieve this goal. Because Alzheimer's disease alters and damages the grey and white matter of the brain, their study has proven to be more successful in predicting the condition. The proposed method separates Magnetic Resonance images of white and grey matter from 3D structural brain Magnetic Resonance images, generating 2D coronal slices.
COVID-19 Associated Acute Viral Myocarditis and Thyroid Gland Follicular Neoplasm in a Hemodialysis Patient
Authors: Atris Ahmed , Al Salmi Issa , Hannawi Suad
Published: November 2022

Since the first cases were reported in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 has spread swiftly worldwide and is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The development of myocardial injury is associated with significantly worse clinical course and increased mortality. However, currently, it is unclear whether cardiac injury occurred in COVID-19 patients. Histological results obtained directly from the viral infection of the myocardium (i.e., SARS-CoV-2 viral myocarditis) or indirectly from the complications of COVID-19, showed that only a portion of patients infected with the virus developed viral myocarditis. Therefore, it is possible that with more autopsy evidence of SARS-CoV-2 and more correlation with the severity of the viral infection, viral myocarditis will emerge. Although COVID-19 manifests primarily as respiratory disease, few cases of cardiac injury without respiratory involvement or febrile illness have been reported. The pathogenesis of cancer and viral infections is due to the inability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self. Several oncogenic (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papilloma virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and HIV) and oncolytic viruses (coxsackievirus, reovirus, vaccinia virus, and adenovirus) are known to cause and regress various cancer types. We report a case of atypical manifestation of COVID-19-induced acute myocarditis and thyroid gland follicular neoplasm in a hemodialysis patient with no respiratory symptoms. This case illustrates that COVID-19 can present atypically and affect non-respiratory organ systems.
Analisis Pengetahuan Kepala Madrasah Tentang Sistem Informasi Dan Iklim Kerja Untuk Membentuk Efektivitas Kepemimpinan Di MTS Swasta Yaspen Muslim Pematang Tengah
Authors: Muhammad Saleh, Muamar Al Qadri Agnes Anggraini,
Published: November 2022

The formulation of the problem in this study is: How is the effectiveness of the madrasa principal's leadership in managing information systems and work climates at Yaspen Muslim Islamic Private MTs Pematang Tengah. Another problem that can be found is that the creation of a good work climate in the madrasa environment has not been fulfilled. The principal applies an authoritarian system in leading the school so that a conducive school climate is not created. Leadership does not work effectively in madrasas. The impact is certainly very large for the education management that is carried out. The goals to be achieved will be difficult to achieve optimally because the existing systems are not well developed with one another. Innate will tend to be uncomfortable at work and the results will definitely not be effective. For this reason, it is necessary to build a good working relationship between the principal and the teacher. The conclusions in this study are that: An analysis of the madrasa principal's knowledge of information systems and work climate has a significant effect on the effectiveness of the madrasa principal's leadership. This is because if the principal does not have an understanding of information systems and the work climate, it can hinder the formation of leadership effectiveness. So, based on the results of observations and interviews conducted with resource persons, it can be concluded that the head of the madrasa has made a maximum contribution in shaping leadership effectiveness through knowledge of information systems and a good work climate.
Ruling of the Constitutional court: pandemic, legitimacy and human rights
Authors: Vilic Laura
Published: November 2022

The issue of human rights as a topical issue is becoming more pronounced today than in previous decades. The reason for this is the new situation that has embraced the whole world and our country. It is a global epidemic or as it is also called – a pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Regarding the new situation, accompanied by the spread of the virus, the problem came to our Constitutional Court in September 2020 in the form of a request to initiate proceedings to assess the compliance of certain laws and their provisions with the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. The following text will present the arguments of the proponents and their requests explained to the Court, analyzed provisions of the law to which they referred in their presentation and will be given an overview of what the Constitutional Court said about everything, what kind of verdict it pronounced case – what decision was made.
Mandatory immunization of employees – necessary measure during the pandemic or unjustified derogation of employment rights?
Authors: Kuzminac Mina
Published: November 2022

The pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus has brought into question the lives and health of people around the world. The pandemic has caused many issues in all spheres of life, including labour relations. Both employers and employees have (unprepared) faced numerous challenges in terms of organizing work in emergency circumstances. It is therefore not surprising that due to the availability of vaccine(s), the issue of employee immunization has gained special importance. Emphasizing the belief that it is necessary to encourage employees to vaccinated themselves, the author puts forward the hypothesis that, in accordance with the employment law framework, dismissal given to an employee due to refusal to be vaccinated would be illegal. The hypothesis is based on two crucial arguments relating to (un)justified reasons for termination of the employment contract by the employer and the possibility of working outside the employer’s premises. Nevertheless, new findings, further developments, as well as potential changes in employment legislation can be a strong incentive to reconsider any hypothesis in regarding mandatory immunization and employment rights.
Derogation from human rights in the state of emergency
Authors: Spalevic Fani
Published: November 2022

The state of emergency represents a specific legal regime, which can be activated at times of danger that threatens the existence of the nation or its citizens and can make possible for the government to derogate from certain human rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. In the Republic of Serbia, the state of emergency was declared in 2020. due to the COVID-19 epidemic. Consequently, some rights and freedoms were derogated. The aim of this paper is to analyse the measures at hand, which limit the aforementioned human rights, and in particular to assess whether or not they were in compliance with the Constitution and the European Convention. As the topic of emergency states is multifaceted, it is imperative to look at the situation from different perspectives – however, the main part of this paper is the evaluation of the regime during the state of emergency in the Republic of Serbia.
The impact of COVID-19 restrictions on human rights of irregular migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Tosic Jovana
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to investigate possible human rights violations against irregular migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of national COVID-19 related measures introduced on the grounds of public health and safety. At the early onset of COVID-19 pandemic, Bosnia and Herzegovina disproportionally interfered with the enjoyment of human rights by imposing series of strict movement restrictions and prohibitions particularly affecting those already in situations of vulnerability. Consequently, people on the move were stranded in the country with limited reception capacities, thus facing severe health and safety risks associated with pandemic. The State’s asylum system turned out to be largely ineffective due to persisting institutional gaps as well as reluctance in internal political discourse towards migration issues. Meanwhile, host communities had been turning to xenophobic narratives as a result of political instability and poor migration management during pandemic, which contributed to reinforcement of discriminatory practices.
The meaning of "war or other public emergency threatening the life of the nation" in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Confalonieri Andrej
Published: November 2022

The European Convention on Human Rights states that human rights can be derogated only during “war”, which has never been done, or “other public emergency threatening the life of the nation”, which was first defined a threat to the State’s community organised life affecting its whole population (Lawless case). In the Greek case the Court specified that the danger must be imminent and actual, have effects on the whole nation, threaten the continuance of the community’s life and be unmanageable by measures of ordinary law. The Court thereafter affirmed that a public emergency can last many years and that the crisis can be present only in part of a state’s territory. The State, however, has no “unlimited power of appreciation” due to the Court’s supervision. The author thinks that Covid-19 can be deemed a public emergency because the conditions from the Greek case are fulfilled.
Classifying Celeste as NP Complete
Authors: Ahmed Zeeshan , Chaudhuri Alapan , Grover Kunwar , Rao Ashwin , Garg Kushagra , Malhotra Pulak
Published: November 2022

We analyze the computational complexity of the video game "CELESTE" and prove that solving a generalized level in it is NP-Complete. Further, we also show how, upon introducing a small change in the game mechanics (adding a new game entity), we can make it PSPACE-complete.
Performance Analysis of Supervised Learning Algorithms on Different Applications
Authors: Sarraju Vijayalakshmi , Pal Jaya , Kamilya Supreeti
Published: November 2022

In the current era of computation, machine learning is the most commonly used technique to find out a pattern of highly complex datasets. The present paper shows some existing applications, such as stock data mining, undergraduate admission, and breast lesion detection, where different supervised machine learning algorithms are used to classify various patterns. A performance analysis, in terms of accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity is given for all three applications. It is observed that a support vector machine (SVM) is the commonly used supervised learning method that shows good performance in terms of performance metrics. A comparative analysis of SVM classifiers on the above-mentioned applications is shown in the paper.