bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Decision Support Tools to Empower Pregnant Women: Systematic Review
Authors: Ngo Elin , Truong Maria Bich-Thuy , Nordeng Hedvig
Published: September 2020

Background

Women face many health-related decisions during pregnancy. Digitalization, new technology, and a greater focus on empowering patients have driven the development of patient-centered decision support tools.

Objective

This systematic review provides an overview of studies investigating the effect of patient-centered decision support tools for pregnant women.

Methods

We searched 5 online databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus, from inception to December 1, 2019. Two independent researchers screened titles, abstracts, and full-texts against the inclusion criteria. All studies investigating the effect of patient-centered decision support tools for health-related issues among pregnant women were included. Study characteristics and results were extracted using the review management tool Rayyan and analyzed according to topic, type of decision support tools, control group, outcome measurements, and results.

Results

The 25 eligible studies covered a range of health topics, including prenatal screening (n=10), gestational diabetes and weight gain (n=7), lifestyle (n=3), blood pressure and preeclampsia (n=2), depression (n=1), asthma (n=1), and psychological well-being (n=1). In general, the use of decision support tools increased women's knowledge, and recording symptoms enhanced satisfaction with maternity care.

Conclusions

The opportunities created by digitalization and technology should be used to develop innovative patient-centered decision support tools tailored to support pregnant women. Effect on clinical outcomes should be documented.
Measuring Mobility and Room Occupancy in Clinical Settings: System Development and Implementation
Authors: Marini Gabriele , Tag Benjamin , Goncalves Jorge , Velloso Eduardo , Jurdak Raja , Capurro Daniel , McCarthy Clare , Shearer William , Kostakos Vassilis
Published: September 2020

Background

The use of location-based data in clinical settings is often limited to real-time monitoring. In this study, we aim to develop a proximity-based localization system and show how its longitudinal deployment can provide operational insights related to staff and patients' mobility and room occupancy in clinical settings. Such a streamlined data-driven approach can help in increasing the uptime of operating rooms and more broadly provide an improved understanding of facility utilization.

Objective

The aim of this study is to measure the accuracy of the system and algorithmically calculate measures of mobility and occupancy.

Methods

We developed a Bluetooth low energy, proximity-based localization system and deployed it in a hospital for 30 days. The system recorded the position of 75 people (17 patients and 55 staff) during this period. In addition, we collected ground-truth data and used them to validate system performance and accuracy. A number of analyses were conducted to estimate how people move in the hospital and where they spend their time.

Results

Using ground-truth data, we estimated the accuracy of our system to be 96%. Using mobility trace analysis, we generated occupancy rates for different rooms in the hospital occupied by both staff and patients. We were also able to measure how much time, on average, patients spend in different rooms of the hospital. Finally, using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, we showed that the system could differentiate between staff and patients without training.

Conclusions

Analysis of longitudinal, location-based data can offer rich operational insights into hospital efficiency. In particular, they allow quick and consistent assessment of new strategies and protocols and provide a quantitative way to measure their effectiveness.
Digital Health Tools and Patients With Drug Use Disorders: Qualitative Patient Experience Study of the Electronic Case-Finding and Help Assessment Tool (eCHAT) (Preprint)
Authors: Choy Melinda Ada , Sturgiss Elizabeth , Goodyear-Smith Felicity , Smith Gavin JD
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

One of the promises of digital health is to better engage patients and improve care for vulnerable populations. Patients with drug use disorders are a vulnerable population who often do not receive the care they need, both for their drug use disorders as well as their other health care needs. Appropriate primary care for patients with drug use disorders needs to be patient-centered, holistic, highly accessible, and engaging. The electronic Case-finding and Help Assessment Tool (eCHAT) was designed as a patient-centered tool for the identification and measurement of problematic health behaviors and mood states.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the patient experience of eCHAT at an Australian family medicine clinic for patients with drug use disorders.

METHODS

A total of 12 semistructured interviews were conducted with patients, two interviews were conducted with doctors, and one focus group was conducted with patient advocates who were former patients of the clinic where the study took place. The transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The key themes identified from the interviews and the focus group were as follows: (1) eCHAT helped reduce stigma related to drug use in the doctor-patient consultation, (2) restricted answer options impacted the ability of patients to tell their stories, (3) patient-related response factors, (4) increased efficiency in the consultation process, and (5) divergence in level of concern around security and privacy.

CONCLUSIONS

eCHAT has the potential to help vulnerable patients in primary care to engage more with their doctors and reduce experiences of stigma. eCHAT may be a useful digital health intervention in a family medicine clinic for patients with drug use disorders. It has the potential to improve patient engagement and access to health care, which are crucial areas of need in this vulnerable population. However, it is important to clearly communicate the privacy risk of digital health tools and to implement eCHAT such that it will add value to, rather than displace, in-person consultations with the family doctor.
Small Practices, Big (QI) Dreams: Customizing Quality Improvement (QI) Efforts for Under-Resourced Primary Care Practices to Improve Diabetes Disparities (Preprint)
Authors: Lim Sahnah , Islam Nadia S
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Electronic health record quality improvement (QI) initiatives hold great promise in improving adoption of clinical practice guidelines, including those related to diabetes. QI initiatives implemented in under-resourced primary care settings that primarily serve racial/ethnic minority populations have potential to improve quality of care and ultimately improve diabetes disparities. The “Screen at 23” campaign was launched in 2011 to increase screening for prediabetes and diabetes at lower BMI thresholds (ie, 23 kg/m2) for Asian Americans, in line with the new guidelines put forth by the American Diabetes Association. Here, we describe the implementation of a customized electronic health record QI initiative in under-resourced practices that primarily serve low-income South Asian populations in New York City, designed to increase diabetes screening using updated BMI guidelines and in alignment with the “Screen at 23” campaign. The customization involved the implementation of an innovative, semi-manual alternate solution to automated clinical decision support system (CDSS) alerts in order to address the restrictions on customizing CDSS alerts in electronic health record platforms used in small practice settings. We also discuss challenges and strategies with this customized QI effort. Our experience suggests that multisector partnership engagement, user-centered approaches, and informal strategies for relationship building are even more critical in under-resourced, small practice settings. Relatively simple technological solutions can be greatly beneficial in enhancing small practice capacity to engage in larger-scale QI initiatives. Tailored, context-driven approaches for implementation of equity-focused QI initiatives such as the one we describe can increase adoption of clinical practice guidelines, improve diabetes-related outcomes, and improve health disparities among underserved populations.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s13063-019-3711-y
Predicted Influences of Artificial Intelligence on the Domains of Nursing: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Buchanan Christine , Howitt M Lyndsay , Wilson Rita , Booth Richard G , Risling Tracie , Bamford Megan
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) is set to transform the health system, yet little research to date has explored its influence on nurses—the largest group of health professionals. Furthermore, there has been little discussion on how AI will influence the experience of person-centered compassionate care for patients, families, and caregivers.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to summarize the extant literature on the emerging trends in health technologies powered by AI and their implications on the following domains of nursing: administration, clinical practice, policy, and research. This review summarizes the findings from 3 research questions, examining how these emerging trends might influence the roles and functions of nurses and compassionate nursing care over the next 10 years and beyond.

METHODS

Using an established scoping review methodology, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central, Education Resources Information Center, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched. In addition to the electronic database searches, a targeted website search was performed to access relevant gray literature. Abstracts and full-text studies were independently screened by 2 reviewers using prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included articles focused on nursing and digital health technologies that incorporate AI. Data were charted using structured forms and narratively summarized.

RESULTS

A total of 131 articles were retrieved from the scoping review for the 3 research questions that were the focus of this manuscript (118 from database sources and 13 from targeted websites). Emerging AI technologies discussed in the review included predictive analytics, smart homes, virtual health care assistants, and robots. The results indicated that AI has already begun to influence nursing roles, workflows, and the nurse-patient relationship. In general, robots are not viewed as replacements for nurses. There is a consensus that health technologies powered by AI may have the potential to enhance nursing practice. Consequently, nurses must proactively define how person-centered compassionate care will be preserved in the age of AI.

CONCLUSIONS

Nurses have a shared responsibility to influence decisions related to the integration of AI into the health system and to ensure that this change is introduced in a way that is ethical and aligns with core nursing values such as compassionate care. Furthermore, nurses must advocate for patient and nursing involvement in all aspects of the design, implementation, and evaluation of these technologies.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/17490
Personas for Better Targeted eHealth Technologies: User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: ten Klooster Iris , Wentzel Jobke , Sieverink Floor , Linssen Gerard , Wesselink Robin , van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The full potential of eHealth technologies to support self-management and disease management for patients with chronic diseases is not being reached. A possible explanation for these lacking results is that during the development process, insufficient attention is paid to the needs, wishes, and context of the prospective end users. To overcome such issues, the user-centered design practice of creating personas is widely accepted to ensure the fit between a technology and the target group or end users throughout all phases of development.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we integrate several approaches to persona development into the Persona Approach Twente to attain a more holistic and structured approach that aligns with the iterative process of eHealth development.

METHODS

In 3 steps, a secondary analysis was carried out on different parts of the data set using the Partitioning Around Medoids clustering method. First, we used health-related electronic patient record data only. Second, we added person-related data that were gathered through interviews and questionnaires. Third, we added log data.

RESULTS

In the first step, 2 clusters were found, with average silhouette widths of 0.12 and 0.27. In the second step, again 2 clusters were found, with average silhouette widths of 0.08 and 0.12. In the third step, 3 clusters were identified, with average silhouette widths of 0.09, 0.12, and 0.04.

CONCLUSIONS

The Persona Approach Twente is applicable for mixed types of data and allows alignment of this user-centered design method to the iterative approach of eHealth development. A variety of characteristics can be used that stretches beyond (standardized) medical and demographic measurements. Challenges lie in data quality and fitness for (quantitative) clustering.
Moderated Online Social Therapy for Young People With Active Suicidal Ideation: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bailey Eleanor , Robinson Jo , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario , Nedeljkovic Maja , Valentine Lee , Bendall Sarah , D'Alfonso Simon , Gilbertson Tamsyn , McKechnie Ben , Rice Simon
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Web-based interventions are a promising approach to support youth at risk of suicide, and those incorporating peer-to-peer social networking may have the added potential to target interpersonal states of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Owing to feasibility and safety concerns, including fear of contagion, this had not been tested until recently. In 2018, we conducted a pilot evaluation to test the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of a Moderated Online Social Therapy intervention, called Affinity, with a sample of young people with active suicidal ideation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to report qualitative data collected from study participants regarding their experience of the web-based social network and the consequent safety features.

METHODS

Affinity is a closed website incorporating 3 key components: therapeutic content delivered via comics, peer-to-peer social networking, and moderation by peers and clinicians. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 young people who participated in the pilot study after 8 weeks of exposure to the intervention. Interview data from 2 young people who did not use Affinity were excluded from the analysis. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, with the frequency of responses characterized using the consensual qualitative research method. The results are reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist.

RESULTS

A total of 4 overarching themes were identified: a safe and supportive environment, the importance of mutual experiences, difficulty engaging and connecting, and the pros and cons of banning discussions about suicide. Interestingly, although Affinity was perceived to be safe and free of judgment, concerns about negative evaluation and triggering others were significant barriers to posting on the social network. Participants generally supported the banning of conversations about suicide, although for some this was perceived to reinforce stigma or was associated with frustration and distress.

CONCLUSIONS

The results not only support the safety and potential therapeutic benefit of the social networking aspect of Affinity but also highlight several implementation challenges. There is a need to carefully balance the need for stringent safety and design features while ensuring that the potential for therapeutic benefit is maximized.

CLINICALTRIAL
Feasibility of an Internet-Based Intervention to Promote Exercise for People With Spinal Cord Injury: Observational Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ochoa Christa , Cole Maria , Froehlich-Grobe Katherine
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

People with spinal cord injury (SCI) are less likely to be physically active and have higher chronic disease risk than those in the general population due to physical and metabolic changes that occur postinjury. Few studies have investigated approaches to promote increased physical activity (PA) for people with SCI despite evidence that they face unique barriers, including lack of accessible transportation and exercise equipment. To address these obstacles, we adapted an evidence-based phone-delivered intervention that promoted increased PA among people with SCI into a web-based platform, titled the Workout on Wheels internet intervention (WOWii). The adapted program provides participants with weekly skill-building information and activities, basic exercise equipment, and ongoing support through weekly group videoconferencing.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study was conducted to assess the feasibility of using a web-based and virtual format to deliver the WOWii program in a randomized controlled trial.

METHODS

We assessed the feasibility of the web-based program by delivering an abbreviated, 4-week version to 10 participants with SCI. Rates of weekly videoconference attendance, activity completion, and exercise activity as tracked by an arm-based activity monitor were recorded for all participants.

RESULTS

Participants averaged 3.3 of 4 (83%) weekly group videoconferences attended, 3.4 of 4 (85%) web-based module activities completed, and 2.3 of 4 (58%) weeks of using the arm-based activity monitor. The majority of the sample (9/10, 90%) synced their arm-based PA monitor at least once, and overall engagement as an average of each component across the 4 weeks was 75%.

CONCLUSIONS

The intervention had sufficiently high levels of engagement to be used in a full randomized controlled trial to test its effectiveness in improving levels of PA among people with SCI. The knowledge we gained from this pilot study informed improvements that were made in the full randomized controlled trial.
Toward establishing telepsychology guideline: Turning the challenges of COVID-19 into opportunity (Preprint)
Authors: Alqahtani Mohammed M. J.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has obstructed the classical practices of psychological assessment and intervention via face-to-face interaction. Patients and all health professionals have been forced to isolate and become innovative to continue receiving and providing exceptional healthcare services while minimizing the risk of exposure to, or transmission of, COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

This document is proposed initially as a guide to the extraordinary implementation of telepsychology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to extend its implementation to use fundamentally as the main guideline for telepsychology services in Saudi Arabia and other Arabic communities.

METHODS

A professional task force representing different areas of professional psychology reviewed, summarized, and documented methods, policies, procedures, and other resources to ensure that the recommendations and evidence reviews were valid and consistent with best practices.

RESULTS

The practice of telepsychology involves the consideration of legal and professional requirements. This paper provides a guideline and recommendations for procedural changes that are necessary to address psychological services as we transition to telepsychology, as well as elucidates and demonstrates practical telepsychology frameworks, procedures, and proper recommendations for the provision of services during COVID-19. It adds a focused examination and discussion related to factors that could influence the telemedicine guideline, such as culture, religion, legal matters, and how clinical psychologists could expand their telepsychology practice during COVID-19 and after, seeking to produce broadly applicable guidelines for the practice of telepsychology. Professional steps in practical telemedicine were illustrated in tables and examples.

CONCLUSIONS

Telepsychology is not a luxury or a temporary response. Rather, it should be considered part of a proactive governance model to secure a continuity of mental health care services. Arabic communities could benefit from this guideline to telepsychology as an essential protocol for providing mental health services during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Incorporating Medical Students Into Primary Care Telehealth Visits: Tutorial (Preprint)
Authors: Balaji Aanika , Clever Sarah Lou
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about sweeping change in health care delivery, which has shifted from in-person consultations to a web-based format. Few medical schools provide web-based medicine or telemedicine training to their learners, though this is likely to be important for future medical practice.

OBJECTIVE

This tutorial communicates a framework for incorporating medical students into primary care telemedicine clinics.

METHODS

A third-year medical student and internal medicine attending physician from the Johns Hopkins University completed telemedicine clinic visits in April 2020 by using a variety of video platforms and via telephone calls.

RESULTS

Nine telemedicine visits were completed over 4 clinic days. Our patients were, on average, aged 68 years. The majority of patients were female (6/9, 67%), and most appointments were completed via a video platform (6/9, 67%). Additionally, our experience is summarized and describe (1) practical tips for how to prepare for a telehealth visit; (2) technology considerations; (3) recommendations for participation during a telehealth visit; (4) debriefing and feedback; (5) challenges to care; and (6) student, care provider, and patient reactions to telemedicine visits.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine clinics have been successfully used for managing patients with chronic conditions, those who have attended low-risk urgent care visits, and those with mental health concerns. Patients have reported high patient satisfaction scores for telemedicine visits, and the majority of patients are comfortable with having medical students as part of their care team. Moving forward, telemedicine will remain a popular method for receiving health care. This study has highlighted that medical students can successfully be integrated into telemedicine clinics and that they should be exposed to telehealth whenever possible prior to residency.
The Effectiveness Management in Organizations
Authors: Najar Boushara Waked
Published: September 2020

The paradigmatic change that is emerging in modern western managerial thinking influences, among other things, the development of basic concepts in management, and radically changes their meaning. This change is not merely theoretical, and has many ramifications for existing management patterns and managers’ ability to improve the value of the organization they are in charge of. This is illustrated by the changing meaning of two concepts in the management literature and practice of organizations - effectiveness and efficiency. This article will attempt to examine and demonstrate the importance of effective management of the organization, and ways to achieve it.
Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Buah Markisa Ungu (Passiflora edulis Var. Edulis sims) terhadap Ketebalan Dinding Aorta Tikus (Rattus norvegicus ) Strain Wistar yang Diberi Diet Aterogenik
Authors: Manshur Hanif Alamudin , Rahmah Hiya Alfi
Published: September 2020

Coronary heart disease which still become a health problem in the world and included the main causes of death is a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is an accumulation of cholesterol crystals on arteries wall. Purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var. edulis Sims) contains β-carotene, vitamine C and flavonoids compounds. Those are antioxidants that may inhibit atherosclerosis through hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var.edulis Sims) to the thickness of aortic wall of rats (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) that had been given atherogenic diet. This research was experimental, with posttest only control group design. The study was conducted for 60 days using 30 male wistar rats which was divided randomly into 5 groups: K (-) (normal diet), K (+) (atherogenic diet), P1 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit concentrate 17,5 ml/kgBW ), P2 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit concentrate 21,87 ml/kgBW ), and P3 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit juice 26,25 ml /kgBW). Dependent variable was the thickness of the aortic wall, which was measured by using a optical microscope completed with ocular micrometer at a magnification of 400 times. Analysis of data using One Way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Tuckey. The results showed that administration of the purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var. Edulis Sims) could reduce the thickness of aortic wall of rats (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) which were exposed to atherogenic diet with an optimal dose was 17.5 ml / kgBW/day (p <0.001). Suggestions of this study was to test the effectiveness of the purple passion fruit concentrate when applied to humans.
Kajian Pembuatan Beras Analog Berbasis Tepung Komposit dengan Penambahan Konsentrasi Bubur Rumput Laut (Gracilaria sp.) dan Gliserol Monostearat
Authors: Damat Damat , Natazza Rizma Amalia , Wahyudi Vritta Amroini
Published: September 2020

Rice consumption is estimated to increase along with the increase in population every year. Analog rice is one alternative to functional food diversification and was expected to help reduce people's dependence on rice consumption. The addition of seaweed and glycerol monostearate in the study was intended to improve the shape of rice grains from previous studies which were sticky so that the shape of the rice was lost, enriching antioxidants and fiber from analog rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction and effect of the addition of seaweed pulp extracts and glycerol monostearate to analog rice. The design of this study is a factorial randomized block design (RBD-F). Factor I is seaweed with 3 levels of concentration {1%, 2%, 3%}, factor II is glycerol monostearate with 4 levels of concentration {1%, 2%, 3%, 4%}. The results of the study the highest value on the water content of the addition of seaweed 3% by 7.51%; carbohydrate glycerol monostearate level of 1% was 91.78%; the antioxidant activity of rice and rice in seaweed concentration of 3% by 27.35% and 25.57%; The highest value of rice fiber and rice in the treatment of Seaweed 3% and GMS 3% by 1.53% and 1.63%. Organoleptic results in the form of appearance (5.33 = interesting), taste (4.44 = somewhat like), fondness (4.33 = somewhat like), aroma (2.67 = not fishy), and texture (2.33 = not sticky).
La Música como promotora de habilidades fonológicas: un estudio exploratorio con niños preescolares uruguayos
Authors: Rivera Ibaceta Johanna , Moreira Tricot Karen
Published: September 2020

Este estudio presenta los resultados de un Programa de estimulación de la Conciencia Fonológica (CF), a través de la música en un grupo de 21 niños uruguayos de 5 años de edad. Se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental de comparación de grupos (pre-postest-seguimiento). Los niños que participaron del Programa de estimulación obtuvieron un puntaje mayor que los niños del grupo control en tareas de CF, al finalizar el periodo preescolar, y, además, se desempeñaron mejor en una tarea de lectura de palabras que se les administró al finalizar el primer año de escuela. Los resultados se discuten tomando en cuenta lo reportado por la literatura internacional que sostiene que participar de programas de entrenamiento musical favorece el desarrollo de las habilidades de CF, y en función de las características del programa de estimulación que estuvo centrado particularmente en el desarrollo de habilidades vinculadas con el ritmo, la precisión y la duración.
Molecular Characterization of Paramphistomum cervi in Buffaloes
Authors: Rafiq Naseem , Niaz Sadaf , Zeb Ismail , Ayaz Sultan , Vaz Jr. Itabajara Da Silva , Ali Abid
Published: September 2020

Background: Paramphistomiasis (Rumen fluke disease) in ruminants is a major health problem, while documented reports on Paramphistomum species are limited in Asian countries. The present study aimed to identify paramphistomoid flukes that infects buffaloes with the goal of characterization of prevalence in Pakistan and its comparison with neighbor countries.Materials, Methods & Results: In 2018, a total of 178 slaughtered buffaloes aged four to six years were examined and flukes were collected from their infected rumen and reticulum using sterilized forceps. After amplification and sequencing of 18S rRNA partial fragment, the generated sequences were edited (810bp) and aligned with the other sequences of Paramphistomum species retrieved from NCBI. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using maximum likelihood method in MEGA X. The 18S rRNA sequence was found 100% similar with Paramphistomum cervi of China and 98% with Paramphistomum epiclitum and other Paramphistomum species of India. The parasitic Pharamphistomum species was identified molecularly as P. cervi.Discussion: Molecular studies provide insight into the biology and phylogenetic relationship among various parasites. These studies are reliable in the genetic-based identification and description of several disease causing agents. The 18S rRNA sequence of P. cervi generated in this study was found closely identical to the P. cervi of the neighbor countries (China and India) which may be due to the similar geographical, environmental conditions and transboundary movement of infected hosts. This is the first nature of study which provides the molecular-based evidence of P. cervi existence in Pakistan and revealed the 18S rRNA as novel molecular marker for the identification and further characterization of Paramphistomum species across Pakistan. The submitted sequence of this study will provide a baseline for further molecular characterization and to compare with other Paramphistoma species from different regions of Pakistan.
1940'larda Bir Moda Düşkünlüğünün Türk Edebiyatına Yansımaları: Bobstil Moda ve
Authors: Özen İbrahim
Published: September 2020

Bobstil, 1940’lı yıllara damga vuran züppece giyim tarzını ve bu giyim tarzını benimseyen tipleri karşılayan kelimedir. Türkiye’de sinemanın yaygınlaşmasından sonra bilhassa büyükşehirlerdeki gençlerin Hollywood aktörlerini kıyafet, tavır ve davranış bakımından taklit etmeleriyle ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bobstil modanın ayırıcı özelliklerini belirlemek, bobstilleri sosyal hayattaki rolleri ve edebiyata yansımalarıyla incelemektir.
Çalışmanın başlıca kaynakları, devrin süreli yayınlarında yer alan züppelik anlatısına ve bobstil modaya dair köşe yazıları ile edebî metinlerdir. Yapılan tasnif ve değerlendirmeler neticesinde, öncelikle bobstil modanın kaynağı, Tanzimat’tan itibaren züppe tipine yönelik giyim üzerinden yapılan yakıştırmalar, bobstillerin dış görünüşleri ve duygu dünyaları açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra, bobstilin hem kavram hem de tip manasıyla edebiyata nasıl tezahür ettiği üzerinde durulmuştur.
Çalışma sonucunda, bobstilin sosyal hayattan edebiyata uzanan tesirleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır: 1940’lı yıllardaki edebiyat tartışmalarında geleneği reddedip yeni eserlerle ortaya çıkan şairler “bobstil şair”, garip karşılanan şiirleri ise “bobstil şiir” yakıştırmasına uğramıştır. Kurmaca metinlerde iki tip bobstille karşılaşılmıştır. Bunlardan ilki sanatla ilgilenen, âhenk ve manadan yoksun şiirler kaleme alan bobstil şairlerdir. Diğeri ise dış görünümü ve iç dünyası ile dejenere bir yapıya sahip olan toplumdaki züppe gençlerdir. Çalışma, moda-edebiyat ilişkisine dikkat çekmesi ve alafranga züppe tipinin yeni görünümünü tespiti bakımından edebiyat tarihine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Life satisfaction in childhood: Latin American immigrant children in Chile
Authors: Urzúa Alfonso , Caqueo-Urízar Alejandra , Alquinta Bárbara , Jeria Roberto , Jorquera Ricardo , Lau Xiong
Published: September 2020

The goal of the current study was to evaluate life satisfaction in a sample of 300 immigrant children aged between 8 and 13 years old. Satisfaction in different domains and overall life, was evaluated using the General Domain Satisfaction Index and the Overall Life Satisfaction index, respectively. These instruments were also applied to a sample of 300 non-immigrant children of similar age. Statistically significant differences were found only in the 12?13 years group, where the mean scores for immigrants were lower than those for natives, on the domains of family and home, material goods, interpersonal relationships, health, and use of time. Additionally, immigrants had higher mean scores on the domains of area of residence, school, and personal satisfaction. These results allow us to reflect on the influence of society in all domains throughout their lives. Thus, these findings contribute toward the creation of policies that integrate migrants.
Deciphering the Plasma Proteome of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Admin Ada , Elhadad Mohamed A. , Jonasson Christian , Huth Cornelia , Wilson Rory , Gieger Christian , Matias Pamela , Grallert Harald , Graumann Johannes , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Rathmann Wolfgang , Toerne Christine von , Hauck Stefanie M. , Koenig Wolfgang , Sinner Moritz F. , Oprea Tudor I , Suhre Karsten , Thorand Barbara , Hveem Kristian , Peters Annette , Waldenberger Melanie
Published: September 2020

With an estimated prevalence of 463
million affected, type 2 diabetes represents a major challenge to health
care systems worldwide. Analyzing the plasma proteomes of individuals with type
2 diabetes may illuminate hitherto unknown functional mechanisms underlying
disease pathology. We assessed the associations between type 2 diabetes and >1000
plasma proteins in the KORA (Cooperative health research in the Region of
Augsburg) F4 cohort (n=993, 110 cases), with subsequent replication in the
HUNT3 (Third wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study) cohort (n=940, 149
cases). We computed logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI,
smoking status and hypertension. Additionally, we investigated associations
with incident type 2 diabetes and performed two-sample bi-directional Mendelian
randomization (MR) analysis to prioritize our results. Association analysis of
prevalent type 2 diabetes revealed 24 replicated proteins, of which eight are
novel. Proteins showing association with incident type 2 diabetes were
aminoacylase-1, growth hormone receptor, and insulin-like growth factor binding
protein-2. Aminoacylase-1 was associated with both prevalent and incident type
2 diabetes. MR analysis yielded nominally significant causal effects of type 2
diabetes on cathepsin Z and rennin, both known to have roles in the
pathophysiological pathways of cardiovascular disease, and of sex
hormone-binding globulin on type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, our high-throughput
proteomics study replicated previously reported type 2 diabetes-protein
associations, and identified new candidate proteins possibly involved in the
pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
Clinical Performance of Enamel Microabrasion for Esthetic Management of Stained Dental Fluorosis Teeth
Authors: Divyameena B , Sherwood A , Rathna Piriyanga S , Deepika G
Published: September 2020

Clinical Relevance

Enamel microabrasion is an effective first-line esthetic treatment for the removal of tooth stains due to fluorosis, with an improvement in the appearance of teeth that is associated with a high level of patient acceptance.

Objective:

To assess the immediate postoperative clinical efficacy of an enamel microabrasion procedure for the management of stained dental fluorosis.

Methods and Materials:

A total of 103 maxillary and mandibular teeth exhibiting fluorosis from 21 patients assessed according to the Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) index were treated using enamel microabrasion. All teeth were subjected to enamel microabrasion using Opalustre (Ultradent Products Inc, South Jordan, UT, USA). Pretreatment and 24-hour posttreatment photographs were taken using a digital single-lens reflex camera. A visual analog scale (VAS) with scores ranging from 1 to 7 was used to assess improvement in appearance and change in brown stains followed by photographic ΔE assessment using the CIEDE2000 formula. Patient satisfaction and tooth sensitivity were recorded on a VAS ranging from 1 to 5. Data were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric tests (α=0.05).

Results:

There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the pretreatment appearance/brown stain scores and the posttreatment appearance/change in staining scores. A significant difference (p<0.05) was noted in the posttreatment L* and ΔE values, and 80% of patients were satisfied with the treatment. No patients reported sensitivity.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study show the efficacy of microabrasion for the esthetic management of stained dental fluorosis with a high level of patient acceptance and absence of tooth sensitivity. The drawback of microabrasion in the posttreatment result is influenced by the preoperative severity of the initial fluorosis.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF PADA LANGKAH-LANGKAH PEMECAHAN MASALAH DITINJAU DARI KECERDASAN LOGIS-MATEMATIS
Authors: Pradestya Rakha , Imswatama Aritsya , Siti Balkist Pujia
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kemampuan kognitif siswa pada langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah ditinjau dari kecerdasan logis-matematis pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif jenis studi kasus. Subjek penelitian diambil dari populasi kelas VIII di SMP Khalifah Boarding School. Tahap pertama penelitian ini adalah pengambilan data yang dilakukan sebanyak dua kali, yaitu menggunakan instrumen angket kecerdasan logis-matematis yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pemetaan kecerdasan logis-matematis siswa yang nantinya akan dipilih tiga orang sebagai subjek penelitian dengan tingkatan kecerdasan logis-matematis yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan logis-matematis tinggi memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang baik pada tingkatan mengingat, memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi. (2) Siswa dengan tingkat kecerdasan logis matematis sedang tidak bisa dikatakan memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang cukup, bahkan masih terbilang rendah, karena siswa tersebut masih belum dikatakan baik pada kemampuan kognitif menerapkan. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa tidak bisa menerapkan konsep atau rumus yang diingat dengan baik sehingga nilai yang didapatkan tidak tepat. (3) Siswa dengan tingkat kecerdasan logis matematis rendah memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa tersebut tidak sampai pada tahap memahami. (4) Kecerdasan logis-matematis tidak berbanding lurus dengan kemampuan kognitif. (5) Faktor penyebab rendahnya kemampuan kognitif siswa adalah sebagai berikut: (a) Kurangnya pemahaman tentang materi yang diterapkan pada tes, (b) Lemahnya keterampilan dalam memperoleh informasi dari soal, (c) Kurang teliti dalam pemecahan masalah, (d) Pesimis dan kurang percaya diri.
PENERAPAN MODEL LEARNING CYCLE 5E BERBANTUAN ALAT PERAGA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS
Authors: Damayanti Tanti , Tita Rosita Neneng , Koswara Ucu
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut guru perlu menciptakan pembelajaran yang inovatif serta melibatkan siswa secara langsung. Salah satunya yaitu pembelajaran matematika menggunakan model learning cycle 5e berbantuan alat peraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa yang lebih baik antara siswa yang memperoleh model learning cycle 5e berbantuan alat peraga dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional, serta untuk mengetahui sikap siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan model learning cycle 5e berbantuan alat peraga. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Situraja yang terdiri dari sembilan kelas dengan sampel penelitian yang dilakukan secara acak kelas sehingga terpilih dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII-F sebagai kelas eksperimen sebanyak 29 siswa dan kelas VIII-I sebagai kelas kontrol sebanyak 29 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan koneksi matematis dan angket sikap siswa. Berdasarkan pengolahan data menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5% dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa yang memperoleh model learning cycle 5e berbantuan alat peraga lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran konvensional. Serta sikap siswa positif terhadap model learning cycle 5e berbantuan alat peraga.
Translation and psychometrical properties of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) in Peruvian young people and adults
Authors: Franco-Jimenez Rulman Andrei
Published: September 2020

Background: The overall aim of the study was to translate into Spanish and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). Method: The sample was composed of 622 Peruvian young people and adults who answered CAS. The structural evaluation was conducted with confirmatory factor analysis. Factorial invariance was used to verify the equivalence by sex and age, Results: The unifactorial model revealed good fit indexes χ²(5) = 12.40,CFI = .998, TLI = .996, RMSEA = .049, SRMR = .033. Also, the internal consistency using McDonald´s Omega coefficient was high (ω > .80). The factorial invariance indicated that the unifactorial structure is stable according to age. Conclusion: The Peruvian version of the CAS has evidence to be considered an accurate, valid, and invariant measure and the results support the unifactorial model.
A influência das emoções no aprendizado de escolares
Authors: Souza Joelson Carvalho , Hickmann Adolfo Antonio , Asinelli-Luz Araci , Hickmann Girlane Moura
Published: September 2020

Trata-se de artigo de revisão de literatura que apresenta análises sobre o tema das emoções e da aprendizagem no desenvolvimento humano de escolares. O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir para a discussão teórica sobre como as emoções influenciam processos de aprendizagem dos estudantes, levando-se em consideração os contextos nos quais estão inseridos. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a compreensão de fatores e de ambientes ecológicos que influenciam os escolares, de forma emocional, pode colaborar para a reflexão sobre o processo de aprendizagem. Para o método, utilizou-se a pesquisa de cunho teórico. Foram compilados artigos das bases de dados do Portal de Periódicos Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), além de literaturas referentes à Teoria Histórico-Cultural e à abordagem da Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano. As análises das literaturas ocorreram devido à aproximação da temática das emoções e da aprendizagem. Pelos documentos selecionados, foram examinadas as relações familiares, as relações professor-estudante, as relações entre pares e situações ligadas às emoções nos ambientes ecológicos família e escola. Os resultados revelam que as relações familiares, entre professor e estudante e entre escolares exercem potencial influência sobre a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Além disso, dois conceitos mostraram-se relevantes para as discussões: a Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal (ZDP), proposto por Vygotsky, e o modelo Pessoa, Processo, Contexto e Tempo (PPCT), desenvolvido por Bronfenbrenner.
Representações sociais de trabalhadores com baixa escolaridade sobre o trabalho docente
Authors: Rosso Ademir José , Da Silva Bruna Emilyn , De Oliveira Vânia Katzenwadel , Dos Santos Franciely Ribeiro
Published: September 2020

O artigo investiga as representações sociais (RS) da docência entre os trabalhadores com baixa escolaridade (TBE) e vulnerabilidade social, pais de alunos de escolas públicas. Problematiza as RS dos TBE levando em consideração o histórico e as vinculações deles e de seus filhos com a escola pública. A fundamentação teórica das RS é a abordagem dimensional de Moscovici. Participaram da pesquisa 145 pessoas, entre desempregadas, em situação laboral instável ou informal. Das entrevistas foram retiradas as falas dos participantes sobre a escola e as representações sobre o trabalho docente. As informações foram analisadas com o auxílio do software Alceste e da análise de conteúdo. As produções discursivas sobre a docência indicam as RS idealistas como promotoras de um futuro melhor, as RS normativas como trabalho de correção e disciplinamento social e a RS de um trabalho relacional como atividade interpessoal, permeada pelo afeto e motivação dos alunos.
SPECIFICS OF ALCOHOL USE DISORDER IN PRE-HOSPITAL PRACTICES AND EMERGENCY UNIT
Authors: Afanasyev V. V. , Miroshnichenko A. G. , Buzanov D. V. , Orlov Yu. P.
Published: September 2020

Ethanol intoxication is analyzed from the point of ethanol interaction with receptors and enzymes. Ethanol dependence is based on neurochemical misbalance, which is different in acute ethanol intoxication and withdrawal. It is shown that the clinical manifestation of ethanol intoxication and its complications depends on ligand-receptor and enzyme imbalances. Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of acute ethanol intoxication and its complications at the pre-hospital stage and in the emergency, unit are discussed.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO: O PROCESSO DE AQUISIÇÃO DE LEITURA E ESCRITA
Authors: Montemor Nelma Aparecida
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo corresponde a uma pesquisa bibliográfica com o objetivo de analisar o processo de alfabetização e letramento nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental, tomando por base a alfabetização como direito assegurado na Lei 9394/96. A análise realizada nos leva a uma reflexão a respeito da interação da leitura e da escrita com o conhecimento prévio que a criança possui da sua vida cotidiana, ou seja, trabalhar a leitura e a escrita através das práticas sociais. Para realizar essa pesquisa nos pautamos nos estudos de Psicogênese desenvolvidos por Emília Ferreiro e seus colaboradores. Como resultados, observamos que é necessário uma nova prática alfabetizadora capaz de proporcionar ao educador e ao educando a capacidade de ensinar e aprender com qualidade.
PERBANDINGAN ANTENA MIKROSTRIP ARRAY DUAL BAND DENGAN PENCATUAN MICROSTRIP LINE DAN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY COUPLED (EMC)
Authors: Andrieyani Citra , Sumajudin Bambang , Yunita Trasma
Published: September 2020

Single microstrip antenna has the characteristics of narrow bandwidth and small gain. This paper discusses the design of a microstrip array antenna that works at two working frequencies, namely 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz for WiFi. The method used to obtain dual band frequencies is by adding slots on the side of the patch. The results obtained are the 4-element microstrip array antenna with feed line supply has better results when applied to WiFi. This feed line antenna has a bandwidth of 75 MHz - 184.4 MHz in accordance with IEEE 802.11n standards and has a gain of 4.321 dBi. Whereas the EMC supply has a large gain of 11.54 dBi but the bandwidth obtained is very narrow, namely 27.5 MHz.