bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCATION ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FIRST 1000 DAYS OF LIFE IN AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS KARTINI, PEMATANG SIANTAR CITY
Authors: Yunardi
Published: June 2023

Community service activities carried out in the form of education on the importance of the First 1000 Days of Life in improving the health and nutritional status of children in the Working Area of ​​the Kartini Health Center, Pematang Siantar City. The partner in this activity is the Kartini Health Center with the target being pregnant women and mothers with toddlers who come to the Posyandu in the Working Area of ​​the Kartini Health Center in Pematang Siantar City. The choice of location for the activity was because the Kartini Health Center is one of the Health Centers in the city center of Pematang Siantar. Nutritional and health problems, especially in toddlers, can be prevented through educational activities provided through Posyandu activities. The solution in community service activities is to provide education on the First 1000 Days of Life for parents of toddlers, specifically mothers who come to visit the Posyandu. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of parents of toddlers about the First 1000 Days of Life and changes in good nutritional behavior so that they can improve the health and nutritional status of children. The benefit of this activity is that parents, especially pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, know the importance of the First 1000 Days of Life to prevent nutritional problems in toddlers and improve children's health and nutritional status. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of parents of toddlers about the First 1000 Days of Life and changes in good nutritional behavior so that they can improve the health and nutritional status of children. The benefit of this activity is that parents, especially pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, know the importance of the First 1000 Days of Life to prevent nutritional problems in toddlers and improve children's health and nutritional status. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of parents of toddlers about the First 1000 Days of Life and changes in good nutritional behavior so that they can improve the health and nutritional status of children. The benefit of this activity is that parents, especially pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, know the importance of the First 1000 Days of Life to prevent nutritional problems in toddlers and improve children's health and nutritional status. The expected output of community service activities is in the form of articles published in community service journals and leaflets.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT WITH THE SUCCESS OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING TO WORKING MOTHERS IN THE WORKING AREA OF PANOMBEIAN PANEI PUSKESMAS, SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Nur Mazdalifah
Published: June 2023

One of the efforts to maintain children's health is aimed at preparing healthy, intelligent, and qualified next generations as well as reducing child mortality. Efforts to maintain child survival are carried out from the time the fetus is still in the womb, when it is born, after delivery, and until it is 14 (eighteen) years old. This indicator measures the management capacity of the Mother and Child Health (KIA) program in providing comprehensive neonatal services. Services provided during nconatal visits are examinations according to the Integrated Management of Young Infants (MTBM) standards and newborn care counseling including exclusive breastfeeding and umbilical cord care (Indonesian Health Profile, 2014). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and the success of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers in the work area of ​​the Panombeian Panei Health Center, Simalungun Regency, in 2017. This type of analytic study uses a cross-sectional approach. The population of this research is all working mothers who have babies aged 7-12 months in the working area of ​​the Panomberan Health Center as many as 45 people as of July 2017. The sample in this research is SCmus 1: working people who have babies aged 7-12 months in the working area of ​​the Puskesmas: There are 45 pots per July 2017. The sampling technique in this study uses total sampling.
FACTORS AFFECTING MOTHERS ON BASIC IMMUNIZATION STATUS IN INFANTS AGED 12-24 MONTHS IN BARINGIN RAYA VILLAGE WORKING AREA OF PAMATANG RAYA PUSKESMAS DISTRICT
Authors: Riada Mareny
Published: June 2023

The decline in the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in recent times illustrates an increase in the quality of life and public health services. The decrease in IMR was partly due to an increase in the coverage of infant immunization, an increase in the coverage of deliveries by health personnel, the placement of midwives in villages and an increase in the proportion of mothers with higher education. According to Ibrahim (2006) said that if basic immunization is carried out in a complete and regular manner, then immunization can reduce the morbidity and mortality of children under five by around 80-95%. Regular means adhering to the immunization schedule and frequency while complete basic immunization is having received all types of basic immunization when the child was less than 11 months old. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the mother's basic immunization status in infants aged 12-24 months in Baringin Raya Village, Working Area of ​​the Pamatang Raya Health Center, Simalungun Regency, in 2016. The research method was carried out quantitatively with a descriptive correlation design with a cross approach. sectional. The subjects of this study were mothers who had babies aged 12-24 months who were recorded in the Baringin Raya Village in the working area of ​​the Pamatang Raya Health Center, as many as 40 respondents. The sampling technique for the mother group was using purposive sampling. Statistical analysis used the chi-sguare test. Statistical results show that there is a relationship between age (p value = 0.001, OR=0.008), education (p value=0.004, OR=7.286), occupation (p=0.001, OR=0.086), number of living children (p value=0.000, OR=0, 014) and knowledge (p=0.00, OR=0.014). It is hoped that it will provide insight and knowledge about the importance of basic immunization in infants.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF ADOLESCENT WOMEN TO PREVENTION MEASURES OF LEUCHING IN NAGORI RABUHIT, GUNUNG MALIGAS SUBDISTRICT SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT 2016
Authors: Yunardi
Published: June 2023

Based on the findings of the researchers that there were 5 young women in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun Regency, experiencing vaginal discharge. This research was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of young women towards the prevention of vaginal discharge in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun Regency in 2016. This type of research is descriptive with the population in this study being all young women in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun, namely as many as 108 people who were sampled as many as 85 people using the simple random sampling technique, which is a simple random sampling method. The results of this study the majority have knowledge.
DESCRIPTION OF THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS WITH PRESCRIPTION AND WITHOUT DOCTOR'S PRESCRIPTION IN ESTER FARMA PHARMACY DELI SERDANG DISTRICT
Authors: Dilla Sastia Mara  , Muharti Sanjaya
Published: June 2023

Antibiotics are drugs derived from all or certain parts of microorganisms and are used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics have long been used to fight diseases caused by bacterial infections. The irrational use of antibiotics will cause resistance problems. Resistance problems due to irrational use of antibiotics, one of which is caused by use that is not in accordance with the patient's condition, which can occur due to the use of antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. The use of antibiotics without a doctor's prescription can potentially pose various risks, including an increase in the number of cases of infection caused by resistant pathogenic bacteria, an increase in the risk of adverse drug events. decrease in the effectiveness of therapy and increase in health costs. This research is a descriptive study with cluster random sampling. The study was conducted prospectively to determine the use of antibiotics without a doctor's prescription and retrospectively to determine the use of antibiotics with a doctor's prescription. The research was conducted in August 2019 at the Laju Farma Pharmacy, Deli Serdang Regency. The results showed that the use of antibiotics with a doctor's prescription at the Laju Farma Pharmacy, Deli Serdang Regency during August 2019 was 90 prescriptions (15.95%) out of 564 prescriptions, patients who used antibiotics without doctor's prescriptions for 72 patients (10.74%) and 670 patients.
EVALUATION OF USE OF DIARRHEA DRUG IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT DOLAT RAYAT HEALTH CENTER KARO DISTRICT
Authors: Ismi Noer Fadilah  , Hendri Kurniawan
Published: June 2023

Diarrhea is a condition in which there is an imbalance in absorption, secretion of water and electrolytes, resulting in a frequency disorder of defecation more than 3 times a day with liquid or semi-solid stools, with or without mucus or blood. Diarrheal disease is still a global problem with a high degree of morbidity and mortality in various countries, especially in developing countries, and is one of the main causes of high child morbidity and mortality in the world. This study aims to determine the profile and rationality of using diarrhea drugs in pediatric patients at the Dolat Rayat Health Center, Karo Regency. This research was conducted using a retrospective descriptive method. The results of the study from the Dolat Rayat Health Center in Karo Regency showed that of the 235 patients who suffered from diarrhea the most were men (63-83%) and at the age of 2 years old infants (48.51%) with an average per patient of 1.28 drug items. The most widely used type of diarrhea drug was zinc (62.67%) in the form of syrup (54.67%). The rationality for using diarrhea medicines based on the 2011 Indonesian Ministry of Health guidelines includes the criteria for right indication (100%), right drug (100%), right patient (99.15%), and right dose (96.17%). Most of the use of diarrhea drugs in pediatric patients at the Dolat Rayat Health Center in Karo Regency is rational.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE ABOUT LEBER RAHUM CANCER WITH BEHAVIOR OF UTILIZING TONT INSPECTION SERVICE VISUALK ACETIC ACID (IVA) IN PANOMBEAN PUSKESMAS WORKING AREA
Authors: Yunardi
Published: June 2023

Knowledge about cervical cancer in Indonesia is still relatively low, only about 246 of women in Indonesia know about cervical cancer, so researchers are interested in examining the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age about cervical cancer and the behavior of using Acetic Acid Visual Inspection (IVA) in Indonesia. Work Area of ​​the Panombean Panei Health Center in 2017. This research is descriptive in nature which was carried out in the Work Area of ​​the Panombean Panei Health Center in May-July 2017 with a population of 300 people and a sample of 75 people. The results of this study indicate that the majority of high school respondents were 40 people (53.3″o), a minority of junior high school were 16 people (21,390), the majority were farmers, namely 27 people (3,699), a minority of civil servants, namely 10 people (13,390), the majority of knowledge was lacking, namely as many as 62 people (82.7Y40), the minority of good knowledge is 13 people (17.3”6), the majority disagrees is 55 people (73.396), the minority agrees is 20 people (26.7”0), the majority have never used the Acetic Acid Visual Inspection examination ( IVA), namely 60 people (80Y6), the minority had used the Acetic Acid Visual Inspection (IVA) examination, namely 15 people (2096). From the results of the chisguare test it was concluded that knowledge has a relationship with the behavior of utilizing the Acetic Acid Visual Inspection (IVA) examination in the Work Area of ​​the Panombean Panei Health Center in 2017, because the p value < 0.05.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF OPERATIONAL COSTS ON INCREASING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF AMERICAN PUBLIC HELATH CORPORATION
Authors: Bob Feinberg  , Maurizio Zanardi
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how the effect of operational costs on improving the performance of American Public Helath Corporation. The research method used is quantitative data method. While the data used is secondary data. The method of data analysis in this study uses simple linear regression analysis to obtain a comprehensive picture of the effect of the variables on Operational Costs on Performance Improvement using the SPSS 25 for Windows program. To find out whether there is a significant effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression model is used. The results of testing the hypothesis using simple regression analysis and t-test show that: that the t-table value of the Operating Costs variable is 6.862 > the t-table value (df:α :
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES TO PATIENT SATISFACTION AT THE PUSKESMAS TRADING BANDAR DISTRICT SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Yulia Delfahedah  , Arsiaty
Published: June 2023

The research entitled The Relationship of Pharmaceutical Services to Patient Satisfaction at the Trading Health Center, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency was conducted in July - August 2019. The purpose of this study was to find out how the application of pharmaceutical service standards at the Puskesmas, the level of patient satisfaction and the effect of applying pharmaceutical service standards on satisfaction Patients This research is a descriptive survey research that is cross-sectional. Data collection was carried out by observation by researchers to find out the application of pharmaceutical service standards and to conduct interviews with patients to determine the level of satisfaction with pharmaceutical services. Data was collected from 170 respondents in July-August 2019 at the Trading Health Center, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency, The application of pharmaceutical service standards studied in this study is human resources, facilities and infrastructure for the management of drugs and medical consumables, clinical pharmacy services and service quality control. The criteria for measuring the level of satisfaction include five variables, namely reliability, responsiveness, confidence, empathy and tangible facilities. The results showed that the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards at the Commercial Health Center, namely the application of pharmaceutical service standards at the Commercial Health Center, was included in the less category. Based on the average value of total patient satisfaction, the level of patient satisfaction at the Jawa Maraja Health Center was included in the satisfied category. The application of pharmaceutical service standards at the Commercial Health Center to patient satisfaction with the Mann-Whiteney Test obtained a sig value of <0.05.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND DIETARY COMPLIANCE WITH BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN THE INTERNAL DISEASE CLINIC OF VITA
Authors: Arsiaty  , Yulia Delfahedah
Published: June 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or a combination of both. Controlling blood sugar levels is the main thing for DM sufferers, one of which is with diet/nutrition therapy. Correct diet therapy is based on basic knowledge and attitudes. good for controlling blood sugar This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and dietary compliance with blood sugar levels in DM patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic at Vita Insan Hospital in 2019. This research is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design, carried out from July 2019. the sample used a purposive sampling technique consisting of 52 DM patients. The data taken included aspects of knowledge, attitudes.diet adherence (primary) and blood sugar levels (secondary) Computerized data processing using Chi Square test Univariate analysis results showed 69.2% of patients had uncontrolled blood sugar levels, 59.6% of patients had insufficient knowledge but 59.6% patients had a positive attitude towards efforts to control blood sugar and 53.8% of patients were disobedient to the diet given. From Bivariate analysis there was a significant relationship between knowledge, dietary adherence and blood sugar levels (p<0.05), but for attitudes there was no significant relationship (p-0.05) Suggestions for health workers to further improve patient understanding of the DM diet so that patient's blood sugar levels are controlled by providing education and developing information provision,for the family it is necessary to provide support and motivation so that the patient is on a diet.
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN SUPPORTING THE CURE PROCESS OF PULMONARY TB PATIENTS AT THE PAMATANG RAYA HEALTH CENTER SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Muharti Sanjaya  , Dilla Sastia Mara
Published: June 2023

This study entitled "The Role of the Family in Supporting the Healing Process of Pulmonary TB at the Pamatang Raya Health Center, Simalungun Regency in 2015 to June 2016." Penode June 2016 using a research design that was carried out was descriptive meaning to get an overview or description The sampling technique used in the study was purposive sampling, namely the method of determining the sample was carried out with consideration, characteristics and characteristics. This sample was taken from families of patients with bacterial pulmonary TB. positive (BTA+) who came for control to the Puskesmas according to the schedule determined to come back to take the medicine.The number of positive pulmonary TB patients (50 people with AFB, of these 31 people with positive pulmonary TB (BTA +) accompanied by families who were used as research samples at the Pamatang Raya Health Center, Simalungun Regency from 2015 to June 2016 period. The results of this study indicate that identification of the role of the family for the treatment of pulmonary TB at the Pamatang Raya Health Center in 2015 to the period June 2016, there were 31 respondents with the most characteristics being 22-29 years old (32.3%) as many as 10 people with last high school education as many as 11 respondents (35.5%) Release the results the research found that the most family role was enough with the number of respondents 16 people (51.6%) The results of this study found that the majority of families have a family role that is not good or sufficient in supporting the treatment process for pulmonary TB patients, so it is hoped that nurses can further enhance the role of the family with health education so that the role of the family in the treatment of pulmonary TB patients becomes very good.
THE EFFECT OF EMPLOYEE STATUS ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION WITH INCENTIVES AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (Case Study on Employees of Russian Medical Doctor and Nurses)
Authors: Arnaud Costinot  , Alexander
Published: June 2023

In this study, the population was employees of Russian Medical Doctor and Nurses, namely as many as 30 people. Because the target population is less than 100, the sampling technique used is the census method, in which the entire population, totaling 30 employees of Russian Medical Doctor and Nurses. Made the sample in this study. Data analysis is a desire to classify, make a sequence, manipulate and abbreviate data so that it is easy to read and understand. In other words, data analysis activities are raw data that has been collected needs to be categorized or divided into several categories or groups, shortened in such a way that the data can answer problems according to research objectives and can test hypotheses. With the results of the first hypothesis accepted, meaning that the variable Working Status (X) has a positive and significant effect on incentives (Y1). the second hypothesis is accepted, meaning that Work Status (X) has a significant effect on Job Satisfaction (Y2). the third hypothesis is accepted, meaning that incentives (Y1) have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (Y2). The calculation results obtained show that the indirect effect through the Y1 variable is greater than the direct effect on the Y2 variable.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTING PATTERN AND STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN PERGETTENG GETTENG SENGKUT VOCATIONAL SCHOOL (PGGS)
Authors: Mustaruddin  , Beta Hanindiya
Published: June 2023

Parenting is the way or attitude of parents in influencing and educating their children to behave in a healthy life. The forms of parenting applied by parents are democratic, authoritarian, and permissive parenting. Learning achievement is the average score of students' final semester exam results. The research objective was to identify the relationship between parenting parents and student achievement at SMK PGGS Salak This study uses a correlation descriptive research design. The population in this study were students of Pergetteng-getteng Sengkut Vocational School (PGGS) Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, class XI, namely 100 people. The number of samples obtained based on calculations was 50 students. The sampling technique used a simple random sampling approach. This research instrument consists of 3 types of student demographic data questionnaires, Parenting Patterns and Learning Achievement. To assess the strength of the relationship between parenting style and academic achievement, the Pearson correlation test was used. The results showed that 31 respondents (62%) were categorized as good parenting styles, and almost all respondents were in the moderate learning achievement category, namely 43 respondents (86%). Parenting style has a positive and adequate relationship with student achievement, with a significant value obtained of 0.000 (p=0.05), so that it can be concluded that there is a relationship between parenting styles and student achievement at Pergetteng-getteng Sengkut Vocational School (PGGS) Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency. The research results obtained can be used as basic data and information for further research and it is recommended to pay more attention to data collection methods so that the data obtained is more accurate and representative
THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT QUALITY ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTEREST WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN AUSTRALIAN MEDICAL AND HEALTH CARE STORE
Authors: Weihuan Zhau  , Malvina Marchase
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how the influence of product quality on consumer buying interest with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable at Australian Medical And Health Care Store. The research method used is the method of qualitative data and quantitative data. While the data used is primary data. The data analysis method in this study uses simple linear regression analysis to obtain a comprehensive picture of the influence of product quality variables on consumer buying interest using the SPSS 25 for Windows program. To find out whether there is a significant effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression model is used.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS II IN REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL THAN RONDAHAIM, SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Shofian Syarifuddin  , Wilson Samosir
Published: June 2023

Complications caused by diabetes are becoming a more serious problem so controlling blood glucose intensively can reduce diabetes mortality by reducing complications that arise. This study aims to determine the characteristics of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Tuan Rondahaim Regional General Hospital, Simalungun Regency in 2019 With this type of research Descriptively, this research was carried out at the Tuan Rondahaim Regional General Hospital, Simalungun Regency from July to September 2019 with a total population of 40 people using the sampling technique, namely total sampling where all populations are sampled. The results of this study indicate that the younger a person has diabetes mellitus, it can be seen that the lower the number of people with diabetes mellitus,the number of people with diabetes mellitus is more suffered by women, there are fluctuations in the duration of the disease in the Toba and Simalungun tribes, while in the Javanese the longer they suffer from diabetes mellitus, there is a decrease in the incidence of duration of the disease with adherence to taking medication that has no significant difference compared to Duration of disease with adherence to diet There was a significant difference between adherents and non-adherents.where the tendency is not to comply with dict rules It is expected that Efarina University through the Bachelor of Nursing study program can provide counseling about Diabetes Mellitus, specifically Type II Diabetes Mellitus both in the community and in hospitals. adjusted to the portion and condition of the patient in this study, it can be included in the information that has been conveyed by researchers regarding type II Diabetes Mellitus sufferers.
Influence of surface groups on the properties of disperse systems
Authors: Volfkovich Yu. M.
Published: June 2023

Published data on the influence of surface groups on various properties of disperse systems are integrated and analyzed. The preparation of these systems is considered in relation to activated carbon. The discussion addresses the effect of redox reactions of surface groups on the energy efficiency of electrochemical supercapacitors, operation of capacitive deionization units for water desalination, and functioning of redox capacitors based on organic monomers. It is shown that very high energy and power characteristics of lithium ion capacitors are based on the redox reactions of lithium-containing surface groups of highly dispersed graphene electrodes. The effect of surface groups on the self-discharge of electrochemical supercapacitors with activated carbon-based electrodes is demonstrated. The prospects for the production of drinking water by capacitive deionization using mosaic cation/anion exchange membranes are evaluated. The practically important inversion of sulfo groups relative to the polymer chain in the catalyst layers of fuel cells with proton exchange membranes is noted.
 The bibliography includes 181 references.
Polymer materials for solving actual problems of membrane gas
Authors: Alentiev A. Yu. , Ryzhikh V. E. , Syrtsova D. A. , Belov N. A.
Published: June 2023

Membrane gas separation using polymeric membranes is one of rapidly developing energy-conserving technologies. This review describes the scope of membrane gas separation problems and demonstrates the relevance of membrane methods for their solution. The basic concepts and regularities of diffusion gas transfer and principles and characteristics of membrane gas separation are considered. The main physicochemical approaches to the selection of membrane materials considering both the properties of the gas–polymer system and the structure and physical properties of polymers are discussed. The considered issues are combined within a common approach to substantiate the choice of both existing commercial polymers and advanced polymeric materials to address important gas separation problems such as separation of air components; carbon dioxide, hydrogen and helium recovery from natural and industrial gas mixtures; and separation of a nitrogen and methane mixture. The avenues of development of the membrane materials science to solve each of the mentioned problems of membrane gas separation are demonstrated. The review is intended for specialists in the synthesis and physics of polymers for planning the research and assessing the applicability of polymeric materials for various practical gas separation problems and for specialists in the membrane materials science and membrane technology.
 The bibliography includes 165 references.
Mechanisms of catalytic electrochemical reactions of oxygen reduction (ORR) and carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR)
Authors: Kuzmin A. V. , Shainyan B. A.
Published: June 2023

The review covers the electrochemical reactions of oxygen reduction (ORR) and carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) with a focus on mechanisms, structure of intermediates, and thermodynamics of reactions. The ORR on metal,heteroatom-codoped nanocarbon substrates as catalysts is a promising source of pure electrical energy. CO2RR, being a synthetic analogue of the photosynthesis reaction, has great potential for the generation of partial or complete reduction products. Theoretical insights into the mechanism and kinetics of CO2RR are just being developed, so the systematization of advances and emerging issues is a necessary step for further progress.
 The bibliography includes 242 references.
Asociación palma-animal: mamíferos dispersores de semillas asociados a Socratea spp. e Iriartea deltoidea en el piedemonte de la Reserva Biológica Colonso-Chalupas, Napo, Ecuador
Authors: Álvarez-Solas Sara , Peñuela-Mora María Cristina , Ramis Lucas
Published: June 2023

Las palmas son consideradas especies clave desde una perspectiva ecológica y económica, con múltiples usos para las comunidades locales. Muchas especies de mamíferos, tales como agutíes, primates y pecaríes, son considerados importantes dispersores de semillas de tamaño grande. Este estudio se centra en la asociación de dos especies de palmas, Socratea spp. e Iriartea deltoidea con mamíferos, a través de observaciones indirectas con cámaras trampa. Se utilizaron 21 estaciones de trampeo entre el 26 de septiembre de 2016 y el 7 de diciembre de 2017, localizadas en tres transectos de tres kilómetros cada uno, en la Reserva Biológica Colonso-Chalupas, Amazonía de Ecuador, con un esfuerzo de muestreo de 2307 trampas/noche. Se registraron 46 visitas de 11 especies de mamíferos asociados a Socratea spp. y 130 visitas de 12 especies en I. deltoidea. Las dos palmas compartieron nueve especies de mamíferos; las más abundantes para ambas especies fueron Cuniculus paca, Dasypus novemcinctus y Hadrosciurus igniventris, con más de cinco observaciones. Se observaron más visitas en I. deltoidea que en Socratea spp.; sin embargo, esto podría estar relacionado con la disponibilidad de frutos, ya que I. deltoidea ofrece más frutos durante el año y por palma.
Pictures of death in the Iraqi theatrical performance
Authors: Nazar Shibib Kareem  , Hayder Jaafar Aldaghlawy
Published: June 2023

The research deals with the concept of death as one of the important phenomena that cast a shadow over the nature and entity of the individual.  Human civilizations and religions have been interested in its two parts of heavenly and positivism, and the perception of it has become clear, each according to his beliefs and behaviors.  With the development of human thought, currents and schools began to appear in various sciences by studying that phenomenon, especially after the outbreak of the World War and its consequences in human life at all levels, especially social and economic, and given the privacy that theater enjoys in terms of communication and reception, this study came to shed light on the phenomenon of death.  This study included the introduction to the research in which the two researchers presented the research problem, its importance and its goal.  Then the theoretical framework that dealt with a theoretical foundation for the research included two topics: death in ancient civilizations and religions, and the second: death in the world stage.  After the analysis, the two researchers came up with a set of results, including:The show raised the ire of some specialists by daring to break the taboo barrier and smash the idea of   the sacred.There were many images of death in the show, sometimes between bombings, and at other times between kidnapping and murder. I added some symbols with embedded images of death, including the cloak.
Sensitivity analysis of reinforced concrete structures :
Authors: Hariri-Ardebili Mohammad Amin , Sattar Siamak
Published: June 2023

Sensitivity analysis is a crucial step in computational mechanics and earthquake engineering. Sensitivity analysis of a model (either numerical or physical) aims at quantifying the relative importance of each input parameter, their potential interaction, and their effects on the model response. Sensitivity analysis has a long-term application in structural engineering more specifically on reinforced concrete RC structures. Many researchers benefited from the results of sensitivity analysis to reduce the uncertainty domain to those variables which are very important. This further helps in uncertainty quantification by accelerating the entire process. This state-of-the-art technical report provides a comprehensive review of classical sensitivity analysis techniques, followed by an in-depth review of all the related documents that implemented a full sensitivity analysis or partially adopted it for uncertainty quantification-related discussions. This review report on sensitivity analysis of reinforced concrete structures is a valuable contribution to the field of computational mechanics and earthquake engineering. This review highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate sensitivity analysis technique to achieve reliable results in structural analysis and design. By providing insights into the advantages and limitations of various sensitivity analysis techniques, this report can guide researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers in selecting the most appropriate technique for their specific applications. It is observed that the outcome of a sensitivity analysis depends heavily on the applied technique to perform the sensitivity assessment which eventually may cause a significant bias during the decision making. This report paves the road for better selection of a sensitivity analysis technique in problems related to structural and earthquake engineering. The findings of this review have significant implications for improving the accuracy and reliability of structural analysis, ultimately leading to safer and more resilient structures.
The Haar state on the Vaksman-Soibelman quantum spheres
Authors: Mikkelsen Max Holst , Kaad Jens
Published: June 2023

In this note we present explicit formulae for the Haar state on the Vaksman-Soibelman quantum spheres. Our formulae correct various statements appearing in the literature and our proof is straightforward relying simply on properties of the modular automorphism group for the Haar state.
Rabbi Jonathan Sacks: Religious Pluralism and the Partnership of Religion and Science
Authors:   Center for Jewish Studies, Coor Hall 4466, Arizona State University,Tempe, AZ, USA, Tirosh-Samuelson Hava
Published: June 2023

Rabbi and Lord Jonathan Sacks (1948-2020) was the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth from 1991 to 2013. Although he was recognized as the spiritual head of the United Synagogue, the largest synagogue body in the United Kingdom, his authority was not recognized by the Haredi Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations, or by non-Orthodox Jewish congregations that belong to Masorti, Reform and Liberal Judaism. Although his authority was limited, Rabbi Sacks was a highly influential public intellectual of global renown and impact. Writing to Jewish and non-Jewish audiences, Rabbi Sacks articulated his views on a range of existential problems and challenges, including the breakdown of the family, religious violence, the loss meaning and the rise of despair, political polarization, and climate change. While speaking in a particularly Jewish idiom and from a Judaic perspective, Rabbi Sacks became a spiritual guide to millions of people worldwide who appreciated his wisdom and the wisdom of Judaism. His contribution to the spiritual dimension of human life was formally recognized in 2016 when he received the Templeton Prize for his life-long contribution to humanity. This essay explores the relationship between Rabbi Sacks’ approach to religious pluralism and his contribution to the dialogue of religion and science. The essay argues that Rabbi Sacks was a post-secular thinker who offered a distinctly Judaic approach to humanity’s current challenges. By “universalizing particularity,” as Rabbi Sacks defined his own project, Rabbi Sacks sought to prevent the clash of civilizations and to heal our divided world.
Pojmy a myšlení
Authors:   Českomoravská psychologická společnost (Czech-Moravian Psychological Association), Kladenská 405, Vokovice, 160 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic, Kolman Luděk
Published: June 2023

The paper deals with the application of the theoretical concept of the recently deceased American psychologist Susan Carey. Carey was devoted to the study of the development of cognitive functions in early and school-age children, as well as the cognitive processes that make scientific knowledge possible. The theory is part of the conceptual apparatus used by the quoted author. It is based on the assumption that children, as they develop cognitively, form theories about how the world works and, to some extent, test them in a similar way to scientific theories. One of the most important results of her research is what we now know about the origin of concepts. According to her, concepts are not just aggregate ideas about a particular class of entities, events, relations, etc., as is usually claimed. They are tools and as such make knowledge possible. Understanding concepts in Susan Carey’s terms makes it possible, among other things, to understand how it is that some people persist in beliefs that are obviously contrary to reality for others, such as the belief in a flat earth. The concept also has interesting methodological implications. Aristotelian logic, as it was practically developed until the end of the nineteenth century, was understood as the rules of right thinking. As such, it included psychological and ethical questions. The conception described here precisely develops the psychological component of the former logic. The final section of the paper then proposes hypotheses on which to base the study of adults, including those who hold some extreme views.
Podkarpatští Rusíni v diskuzích poslanců poslanecké sněmovny meziválečné Československé republiky
Authors:   Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Management, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha, Kokaisl Petr
Published: June 2023

The paper presents a very different view of the Rusyn question in inter-war Czechoslovakia through the eyes of Rusyn representatives from across the spectrum of political parties in the Czechoslovak parliament. Although Subcarpathian Rus and its inhabitants were often idealised in Czechoslovakia for their unspoilt nature and patriarchal character, and Czechoslovak public opinion was very favourable towards the region, some Rusyn politicians certainly did not share this ideal. The Communist deputies in particular criticised all government policies and the persistence of general backwardness, but the question of the region’s autonomy was probably the most prominent among the Czechoslovak deputies representing Subcarpathian Rus. The paper highlights four main issues that emerged most frequently in the parliamentary debates: the quest for autonomy, the solution to the poor economic situation, the situation in education and disputes over the use of the language, and the dual treatment of Rusyns living in Slovakia and in Subcarpathian Rus. Příspěvek ukazuje zcela jiný náhled na problematiku rusínské otázky v meziválečném Československu, a to pohledem rusínských zástupců z celého spektra politických stran v československém parlamentu. Přestože byla Podkarpatská Rus i její obyvatelé v Československu často idealizováni pro svou nedotčenou přírodu a patriarchální ráz a československé veřejné mínění bylo této oblasti velmi příznivě nakloněno, část rusínských politiků tento ideál rozhodně nesdílela. Především komunističtí poslanci kritizovali veškerou vládní politiku a přetrvávající všeobecnou zaostalost, ale zřejmě největší prostor měla mezi československými poslanci zastupujícími Podkarpatskou Rus tématika autonomie oblasti. Příspěvek klade důraz na čtyři hlavní témata, která se v parlamentních rozpravách objevovala nejčastěji: snaha o autonomii, řešení špatné hospodářské situace, situace ve školství a spory o používání jazyka, dvojí přístup k Rusínům žijícím na Slovensku a na Podkarpatské Rusi.
Effect of detector photoelectric parameters on ptychographic iterative engine
Authors: Qi Nai-Jie , He Xiao-Liang , Wu Li-Qing , Liu Cheng , Zhu Jian-Qiang ,   Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: June 2023

An analytical solution model for ptychographic iterative engine (PIE) is proposed. In this model, PIE can be described as a system of linear equations between the sample and the illumination in the frequency domain. This system of linear equations ( AX  =  B ) is derived with the spectrum of the illumination as the coefficient ( A ), the spectrum of the sample as the unknown ( X ), and the intensity of the diffraction pattern as the vector ( B ). Hence, the sample can be recovered by solving this linear system. In PIE, the detector (such as Pike F-100, AVT) has a large resolution, meaning that 1000 × 1000 linear equations can be generated by recording a single pattern. It is still the case, however, that the number of obtained equations is smaller than the number of unknowns, leading to the inability to obtain a unique solution about the sample. Relative motions of sample and illumination, can generate more diffraction patterns to construct a sufficient number of linear independent equations. For coefficient ( A ), since the initial illumination is known, the illumination after shifting can still be obtained by recording its shifting distance. Hence the unique solution for the sample can be directly obtained by solving this linear independent system of equations. Simultaneously, the photoelectric parameters of the detector have a significant influence on the imaging quality of PIE. Using this linear system, the photoelectric parameters of the detector can be characterized by the number of linear equations and unknowns in each equation. According to the conditions that there is a unique solution in the system of equations and the requirements of the photoelectric parameters (such as pixel sampling interval, width of target surface, pixel size, sensitivity and dynamic range), the influence of the reconstruction for PIE is quantified theoretically. Obviously, the numerical simulation results based on this theory not only verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and predictions, but also reveal the physical mechanism of recovering high-quality results in imperfect photoelectric parameters of detector, which can contribute to improving the quality of their reconstruction and optimizing the experimental setup.
Atomic simulation of surface damage of fused silica under laser irradiation
Authors: Zhang Xue-Yang , Chen Jun , Hu Wang-Yu ,   School of Computational Science and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China,   Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Published: June 2023

Fused silica optical element is the core component of the inertial confinement nuclear fusion ignition device. Due to the requirement of ignition conditions of the device for high power laser, the damage to fused silica optical element under strong laser is the key to restricting the operation of the ignition device. Therefore, the study of the surface damage of fused silica irradiated by laser is crucial to the development of the ignition device for inertial confinement nuclear fusion. In this paper, large-scale non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation method and micro-structure analysis technology suitable for dynamic process are proposed to study the damage process of fused silica surface under laser loading. Based on the theoretical study of high-temperature plasma fireball model, the damage of high-temperature fused silica plasma ball to surface is simulated. By tracking the local structure, temperature distribution and surface morphology, the factors affecting the surface damage of fused silica are analyzed. Our research results show that the size, distance from the surface, and temperature of high-temperature fused silica balls have important effects on the surface damage. We find that there are two different damage modes under the combined effect of the above factors. One is related to a rapid damage process, generating U-shaped voids and no further obvious damages after the surface spraying, and the other is dependent of a slow damage process: continuously expanding and resulting in a larger damage area. The surface morphologies formed by these two damage modes are consistent with the two typical damage morphologies observed in the experiments. This research can provide a guidance for understanding the complex damage process in fused silica under laser irradiation.
Murine alveolar macrophages rapidly accumulate intranasally administered SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein leading to neutrophil recruitment and damage
Authors: Park Chung , Hwang Il-Young , Yan Serena Li-Sue , Vimonpatranon Sinmanus , Wei Danlan , Van Ryk Don , Girard Alexandre , Cicala Claudia , Arthos James , Kehrl John H
Published: June 2023

The trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein mediates viral attachment facilitating cell entry. Most COVID-19 vaccines direct mammalian cells to express the Spike protein or deliver it directly via inoculation to engender a protective immune response. The trafficking and cellular tropism of the Spike protein in vivo and its impact on immune cells remains incompletely elucidated. In this study, we inoculated mice intranasally, intravenously, and subcutaneously with fluorescently labeled recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Using flow cytometry and imaging techniques, we analyzed its localization, immune cell tropism, and acute functional impact. Intranasal administration led to rapid lung alveolar macrophage uptake, pulmonary vascular leakage, and neutrophil recruitment and damage. When injected near the inguinal lymph node medullary, but not subcapsular macrophages, captured the protein, while scrotal injection recruited and fragmented neutrophils. Widespread endothelial and liver Kupffer cell uptake followed intravenous administration. Human peripheral blood cells B cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and myeloid dendritic cells all efficiently bound Spike protein. Exposure to the Spike protein enhanced neutrophil NETosis and augmented human macrophage TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) and IL-6 production. Human and murine immune cells employed C-type lectin receptors and Siglecs to help capture the Spike protein. This study highlights the potential toxicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein for mammalian cells and illustrates the central role for alveolar macrophage in pathogenic protein uptake.