bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türk ve Suriyeli Kadınlarda Erken Evlilikler
Authors: Çelik Melike , Karasu Fatma
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada erken evlilik yapan Türk ve Suriyeli kadınlar üzerindeki sonuçlarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Kilis ilinde erken evlilik yapan 57 Türk, 52 Suriyeli toplam 109 kadın ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler kadınların demografik verilerini, erken evlilik nedenlerini ve erken evlilik sonucu gelişen sağlık sorunlarına yönelik araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan soru formu ile Haziran-Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS paket programında değerlendirildi ve ki-kare, bağımsız grupların analizinde t testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın yürütülebilmesi için etik kurul ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Erken evlilik yapan Türk kadınların evlenme yaş ortalaması 17,07±1,54, Suriyeli kadınların 16,55±1,71 ve Türk kadınların ilk çocuğunu doğurma yaş ortalaması 18,77±2,08, Suriyeli kadınlar 17,82±1,98 olarak bulunmuştur. Kadınların %77,6’sının erken evliliğe ailelerin karar verdiği belirlenmiştir. Kadın sağlığını, çocuk doğurma yaşı ve şiddet görmenin anlamlı düzeyde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Kadınların düşük yapma ve erken evliliğin sağlık durumlarını olumsuz etkileme durumlarına göre yaş ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p
Application of Three Dimensional-Printed Polycaprolactone Nasal Mesh With the Figure of 8 Anchoring Suture Technique for Correction of Caudal Septal Subluxation
Authors: Choi Seok-Youl , Moon Jee Won , Kim Su-Jong , Shin Jae-Min , Park Il-Ho
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives We evaluated the symptom improvement, surgical outcomes and post-operative complications of the figure of 8 anchoring suture technique using polycaprolactone (PCL) nasal mesh for the treatment of caudal septal subluxation.Subjects and Method We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent between March 2020 and March 2021 endonasal septoplasty using the figure of 8 anchoring suture technique and a PCL nasal mesh as a protective supporting graft. Fourteen patients were divided into two groups, the allergic and non-allergic rhinitis group. Symptom improvements were assessed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation (NOSE) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for epistaxis and headache. Post-operative patient-reported subjective changes in nasal obstruction were also recorded. All evaluations were conducted one to four months post-operatively.Results Post-operative endoscopic examination revealed that all patients had their septum straightened. The mean post-operative NOSE scores in overall and each item were significantly lower than the mean NOSE scores in the pre-operative period (p<0.05). The mean post-operative NOSE scores for patients both with and without allergic rhinitis were also significantly decreased compared to those in the pre-operative period (p<0.05). A decrease in VAS scores was significant (p=0.008) for headache but not for epistaxis (p=0.141). All patients reported improvement of subjective nasal obstruction post-operatively.Conclusion The use of figure of 8 anchoring suture technique with a PCL nasal mesh as a protective and supportive graft was proven to be a successful method for correcting caudal septal subluxation.
Perfil epidemiológico das anomalias em nascidos vivos no Nordeste, de 2011 a 2020
Authors: Parga Larissa Dias , Moura Luis Victor Moraes de , Vale Ivana Santos , Leitão Ingrid Eliza Sousa , Cuzcano Cesar Alejandro Salazar , Marques Consuelo Penha Castro
Published: July 2022

As anomalias congênitas são distúrbios de desenvolvimento de origem pré-natal presentes ao nascimento e podem ser estruturais, funcionais ou metabólicas. Medidas de diagnóstico, planejamento do pré-natal e acompanhamento contínuo são necessários para a detecção precoce dessas anomalias, e para tanto é necessário conhecer a epidemiologia de tais doenças. Diante disto, esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar o perfil epidemiológico das anomalias em nascidos vivos, no Nordeste (2011-2020). Foi realizada pesquisa epidemiológica, descritiva, quantitativa, de série temporal, com dados do SINASC – Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos –DATASUS.  Os dados foram importados do SINASC para o programa excel, onde foram tabulados e elaborados gráficos e tabelas, depois exportados ao BIOESTAT 5.3, para realização da estatística descritiva. O perfil epidemiológico encontrado demonstrou maioria de: sexo masculino, raça parda, peso (3000g a 3999g) e apgar 5° minuto (8 a 10). As principais malformações congênitas foram: osteomuscular, deformidade dos pés e do sistema nervoso. Os Estados da Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceará e Maranhão foram os que apresentaram a maior quantidade de registros. As mães, possuem faixa etária entre 20 e 29 anos, com baixo grau de instrução, solteiras, gestação única, com duração entre 37 a 41 semanas. O pré-natal foi realizado de modo inadequado e o tipo de parto cesáreo. Assim, existe a necessidade de traçar novas estratégias de saúde pública para viabilizar o acesso das gestantes ao pré-natal, sendo este um desafio do Estado, da iniciativa privada, das instituições de ensino e da sociedade civil como toda.
Mulheres, Abelhas e Sustentabilidade: O caso de um curso de meliponicultura
Authors: Teixeira Isabel Ribeiro do Valle , Silva Gleycon Velozo da , Leite Isabela Cristina da Silva , Oliveira Laura , Marques Luis Claudio , Barchuk Angel Roberto
Published: July 2022

Cursos de meliponicultura podem ser uma forma eficiente de apresentar uma atividade sustentável, com potencial para transformar-se em fonte de renda complementar e um momento de autoconhecimento e reflexão social para mulheres. Relatamos aqui a experiência de desenvolvimento de um projeto de inclusão feminina usando como mote “abelhas sem ferrão”, que envolveu desde a criação de um grupo multidisciplinar, até o desenvolvimento da metodologia e do material didático, identificação do público-alvo (mulheres prioritariamente agricultoras e em situação de risco) e a sua efetivação. Foram matriculadas 22 mulheres e o curso durou três meses (40 h).  O curso foi oferecido online, devido à pandemia de COVID-19, com auxílio financeiro às alunas mais carentes.  Foi dividido em 5 módulos de 8 h: 1. “O animal mais importante da Terra”. 2. “A História da relação entre o ser humano e as abelhas”. 3. “A relação entre as abelhas e as flores". 4. “Criação de abelhas nativas” e 5. “Manejo de abelhas sem ferrão”. Foram discutidos tanto temas relacionados à biologia e ao manejo de abelhas como aspectos psicossociais. Os resultados sugerem que cursos de este tipo podem ser uma ótima via para inclusão de mulheres na sociedade, tanto pelo autoconhecimento, valorização da sua história e ambiente, como pelo conhecimento sobre uma atividade de renda complementar. O desenvolvimento de cursos de meliponicultura deve ser estimulado em comunidades em todo o Brasil, inclusive naquelas em que se pretende ressaltar o papel da mulher na sociedade e na qualidade de vida e do meio ambiente.
The top 100 most cited papers in the first 100 years of calcium hydroxide as a dental material (1920-2020): a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Carvalho Marcela Batista Pereira de , Santos Pablo Silveira dos , Carvalho-Junior Jacy Ribeiro de , Sousa-Neto Manoel Damião de , Martins-Júnior Paulo Antônio , Cardoso Mariane , Massignan Carla , Garcia Fernanda Cristina Pimentel
Published: July 2022

Celebrating the centenary of calcium hydroxide (CH), the aim of this study was to analyze the 100 most-cited papers on this biomaterial. The bibliometric analysis was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS-CC) database. Title, authorship information, study design, year, journal, number of citations, CH use, and fields of Dentistry were extracted. The number of citations in the WoS-CC, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was cross-matched with the Spearman correlation. From the 1,596 papers identified, a list was compiled with the 100 most-cited papers. The number of citations in WoS-CC ranged from 78 to 384 (mean: 131.4). The main CH uses were: intracanal dressing (61%), and pulp protection (29%). The fields of Dentistry with most studies on CH were Endodontics (62%) and Operative Dentistry (30%). The most frequent study design was laboratory studies (44%). Three hundred and thirty-five authors from 29 countries were identified. The United States of America (USA) was the leading country with 23 articles. Dag Ørstavik was the author with the most papers and citations (9 papers; 1,118 citations). Most papers were published between 1991 and 2015 and in the Journal of Endodontics (38%). A very strong positive correlation was observed among the number of citations in the databases. The 100 most-cited papers were published mainly by European journals or from USA, with laboratory and multifaceted interventional designs. The present study celebrated the centenary of CH, highlighting the role and importance of this biomaterial in Dentistry.
Covid-19 e a incidência de tuberculose no nordeste: Uma análise transversal
Authors: Souza Cicera Eduarda Almeida de , Araújo Paulo da Costa , Aguiar Camilla Siqueira de , Cruz Francisca Maêdya Fernandes , Lima Mariel Wágner Holanda , Santos Junior Marcio Silva dos , Rêgo Pablo Well do Amaral , Carvalho Bruno Mileno Magalhães de , Martins Gabrielle Costa Castro , Silva Emiliana Karina Lima da
Published: July 2022

Com a chegada do coronavírus no Brasil e as altas taxas de mortalidade, as autoridades de saúde acabam negligenciando os casos de tuberculose, deixando o problema de lado como se a doença não fosse de grande importância nesse período. Assim, a realização deste estudo parte da seguinte justificativa: A tuberculose associada a covid-19 provocou inúmeras taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, assim como, o vírus da pandemia dificultou tanto o rastreio, o diagnóstico e a notificação da doença, causando assim um grande impacto no controle da enfermidade. A vista disso, este estudo tem por objetivo comparar a incidência dos casos de tuberculose na região nordeste do Brasil, bem como discutir os fatores que influenciam no diagnóstico clínico. O estudo foi realizado através de uma análise transversal, que abrangem os dados epidemiológicos dos casos notificados de tuberculose antes e durante a Covid-19. A realização da coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de maio e junho de 2022, utilizando o SINAN e o DATASUS. Os principais resultados apontam que o baixo índice de diagnóstico e de notificação da tuberculose durante a pandemia apresenta dados não totalmente fidedignos e que inúmeros fatores devem ser levados em consideração a respeito desta problemática. A prevalência desse desfecho é resultado do baixo rastreamento da doença, pela falta de notificação dos municípios e principalmente pela procura do indivíduo pelo serviço de saúde, onde o momento de priorização nos níveis de atenção estavam focados nos sintomas e controle da disseminação do coronavírus.
Desenvolvimento do protótipo de aplicativo, Previne+: educação em saúde para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis
Authors: Santos Maria Clara da Silva , Santos Luciana Soares Costa , Devezas Acácia Maria Lima de Oliveira , Soares Rosimeire Ângela Queiroz , Oliveira Leonardo Apolinário Marques de
Published: July 2022

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), são um problema de saúde pública e estão associadas a cerca de 54,7% dos óbitos no Brasil em 2019. O plano da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) visa a redução global das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis a partir de estratégias que promovam a melhoria do estilo de vida da população. Dentre as doenças com maior índice de morbimortalidade estão, respectivamente, doenças do aparelho circulatório, cânceres, doenças respiratórias crônicas e Diabetes Mellitus. Visando somar mais uma estratégia no combate das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e seu melhor controle, o objetivo deste estudo é elaborar um modelo (protótipo) de aplicativo para prevenção e controle de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que auxilie na educação em saúde para o controle e redução de sua incidência. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de desenvolvimento experimental de um aplicativo denominado Previne+, através da abordagem qualitativa, com procedimento de pesquisa e ação. O aplicativo conta com conteúdo voltado à prevenção, monitoramento de saúde, escores de riscos para doenças crônicas, alarmes de vida saudável e perfil de hábitos do usuário. Considera-se a relevância do uso da tecnologia como um suporte e controle na redução de agravos das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e num futuro próximo de mais uma estratégia para reforçar os resultados esperados pela OMS em relação à melhoria qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.
O uso de anticoagulantes para o tratamento da COVID-19 e sua repercussão na cavidade oral: revisão de literatura
Authors: Barros Igor Almeida de Moura , Ferraz Gabriela De Morais Guerra , Cavalcanti Ully Dias Nascimento Tavora
Published: July 2022

Fundamentos: A COVID-19 é uma doença inflamatória causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, na qual p paciente pode evoluir para um estado hipercoagulavel, necessitando de terapia antitrombótica. Objetivos: Descrever dados da literatura sobre o uso de anticoagulantes como tratamento para pacientes COVID-19 positivo e sua repercussão na cavidade oral, os antiagregantes plaquetários e anticoagulantes utilizados para auxílio de tratamento do paciente Covid-positivo, os exames e marcadores que auxiliam a escolha da terapia a ser utilizada, assim como observar o tratamento e associar ao risco de hemorragia oral. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico no período de 2012 a 2021 na base de pesquisa BvSalud. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chaves “Covid”, “anticoagulantes” e “fatores de risco” e seus correspondentes em inglês “Covid”, “anticoagulants e “risk factors”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 128 artigos na BvSalud, após a leitura foram excluídos 68 artigos, restando 60 artigos que atendem os critérios para revisão de literatura. Conclusão: A Covid-19 é uma patologia que age sobre os receptores ECA2, desencadeando uma resposta inflamatória e ativando a cascata de coagulação, exames hematológicos (D-dimero, fibrinogenio, ferritina, tempo de protrombina, interleucina-6 e Proteina-C-reativa) podem ser utilizados para avaliar o estado do paciente. A decisão de iniciar a terapia anticoagulante ou antiagregante deve ocorrer após a avaliação desses marcadores. Tal terapia pode exacerbar sangramentos decorrentes de traumas orais no momento de intubação ou de úlceras preexistentes ou adquiridas após admissão em UTI, a instalação do TET requer cuidados especiais com a higiene oral do paciente, tendo em vista a maior susceptibilidade as infecções secundárias.
A energia solar fotovoltaica: transformação, evolução, aspectos ambientais e abordagens na sala de aula
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Tenir Egéa de , Sobreira André Alves , Costa Hozana Freitas da , Ferreira José dos Santos , Perez Carlos Ariel Samudio
Published: July 2022

Os grandes desafios que surgem diante do aumento contínuo da população mundial, como consumo de alimentos, água e energia, trazem a sustentabilidade como forma de sensibilização aos cuidados com o meio ambiente. O artigo traz uma reflexão dialogada com pesquisas que discutem a energia solar fotovoltaica como uma das alternativas para tais cuidados. Propomos nesta discussão, dialogar com conceitos que abordam a transformação de Energia Solar em Energia Elétrica, apresentar algumas inovações ambientais sustentáveis, pontuar dados estatísticos sobre o impacto e retorno econômico social, abordar atualidades sobre as placas solares e explanar uma abordagem teórico-prática para a sala de aula. De modo geral, a energia solar fotovoltaica é atrativa e tem apresentado avanços tecnológicos na área de semicondutores e na produção de células fotovoltaicas. Dentre os recursos energéticos renováveis, a energia solar se destaca por oferecer uma fonte limpa para geração de energia elétrica com emissão zero de gases de efeito estufa para a atmosfera. No contexto da sala de aula, expõe-se um ambiente com diversos espaços de construção do conhecimento científico e de reflexão, oportuno para a avaliação de fatores que impactem nas aprendizagens, conforme o envolvimento e resultados alcançados. Ressaltamos que a realidade de cada ambiente escolar, implica na tomada de decisão por parte do professor e que, adaptar, modificar, remixar e/ou problematizar a sugestão dos cenários metodológicos propostos, podem oportunizar práticas reflexivas segundo o perfil dos educandos.
Suppression of yolk formation, oviposition and egg quality of locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis) infected by Paranosema locustae
Authors: Hu Yao-Wen , Wang Shao-Hua , Tang Ya , Xie Guo-Qiang , Ding Yan-Juan , Xu Qing-Ye , Tang Bin , Zhang Long , Wang Shi-Gui
Published: July 2022

Locusta migratoria manilensis is one of the most important agricultural pests in China. The locust has high fecundity and consumes large quantities of food, causing severe damage to diverse crops such as corn, sorghum, and rice. Immunity against pathogens and reproductive success are two important components of individual fitness, and many insects have a trade-off between reproduction and immunity when resources are limited, which may be an important target for pest control. In this study, adult females L. migratoria manilensis were treated with different concentrations (5 × 106 spores/mL or 2 × 107 spores/mL) of the entomopathogenic fungus Paranosema locustae. Effects of input to immunity on reproduction were studied by measuring feeding amount, enzyme activity, vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) production, ovary development, and oviposition amount. When infected by P. locustae, feeding rate and phenol oxidase and lysozyme activities increased, mRNA expression of Vg and VgR genes decreased, and yolk deposition was blocked. Weight of ovaries decreased, with significant decreases in egg, length and weight.Thus, locusts used nutritive input required for reproduction to resist invasion by microsporidia. This leads to a decrease in expression of Vg and VgR genes inhibited ovarian development, and greatly decreased total fecundity. P. locustae at 2 × 107 spores/mL had a more obvious inhibitory effect on the ovarian development in migratory locusts. This study provides a detailed trade-off between reproduction and immune input of the female, which provides a reliable basis to find pest targets for biological control from those trade-off processes.
Dynamic Predictive Models With Visualized Machine Learning for Assessing Chondrosarcoma Overall Survival
Authors: Li Wenle , Wang Gui , Wu Rilige , Dong Shengtao , Wang Haosheng , Xu Chan , Wang Bing , Li Wanying , Hu Zhaohui , Chen Qi , Yin Chengliang
Published: July 2022

Chondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor with a low incidence rate. Accurate risk evaluation is crucial for chondrosarcoma treatment. Due to the limited reliability of existing predictive models, we intended to develop a credible predictor for clinical chondrosarcoma based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data and four Chinese medical institutes. Three algorithms (Best Subset Regression, Univariate and Cox regression, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operator) were used for the joint training. A nomogram predictor including eight variables—age, sex, grade, T, N, M, surgery, and chemotherapy—is constructed. The predictor provides good performance in discrimination and calibration, with area under the curve ≥0.8 in the receiver operating characteristic curves of both internal and external validations. The predictor especially had very good clinical utility in terms of net benefit to patients at the 3- and 5-year points in both North America and China. A convenient web calculator based on the prediction model is available at https://drwenle029.shinyapps.io/CHSSapp, which is free and open to all clinicians.
Dual Blockade of Misfolded Alpha-Sarcoglycan Degradation by Bortezomib and Givinostat Combination
Authors: Hoch Lucile , Bourg Nathalie , Degrugillier Fanny , Bruge Céline , Benabides Manon , Pellier Emilie , Tournois Johana , Mahé Gurvan , Maignan Nicolas , Dawe Jack , Georges Maxime , Papazian David , Subramanian Nik , Simon Stéphanie , Fanen Pascale , Delevoye Cédric , Richard Isabelle , Nissan Xavier
Published: July 2022

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type R3 (LGMD R3) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a progressive proximal muscle weakness and caused by mutations in the SGCA gene encoding alpha-sarcoglycan (α-SG). Here, we report the results of a mechanistic screening ascertaining the molecular mechanisms involved in the degradation of the most prevalent misfolded R77C-α-SG protein. We performed a combinatorial study to identify drugs potentializing the effect of a low dose of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on the R77C-α-SG degradation inhibition. Analysis of the screening associated to artificial intelligence-based predictive ADMET characterization of the hits led to identification of the HDAC inhibitor givinostat as potential therapeutical candidate. Functional characterization revealed that givinostat effect was related to autophagic pathway inhibition, unveiling new theories concerning degradation pathways of misfolded SG proteins. Beyond the identification of a new therapeutic option for LGMD R3 patients, our results shed light on the potential repurposing of givinostat for the treatment of other genetic diseases sharing similar protein degradation defects such as LGMD R5 and cystic fibrosis.
Motherwort Injection for Preventing Uterine Hemorrhage in Women With Induced Abortion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Evidence
Authors: Xinyu Xue , Xintong Tang , Youping Li , Feng Wan , Jiajie Yu
Published: July 2022

Objective: Motherwort injection (MI) is a modern patented injection extracted from motherwort (Leonurus japonicus Hoult). Empirical studies and systematic reviews have shown the benefits of motherwort injection for preventing postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery and cesarean section. This study was conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of motherwort injection for women with the prevention of post-abortion uterine hemorrhage.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify RCTs regarding the effect of the use of motherwort injection in women after abortion. Data from trials were pooled by meta-analysis and a random-effects model was used to calculate the summarized relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) methodology was used to access the quality of the evidence.

Results: Nine trials with a total of 1,675 participants were identified. Overall, motherwort injection combined with oxytocin compared to oxytocin had a significantly lower blood loss within 2 hours (MD = −50.00, 95% CI −62.92 to −37.08, very low quality); lower blood loss within 24 h (MD = −50.00, 95% CI −62.92 to −37.08, very low quality); however, there was no significant difference between motherwort injection and oxytocin (24 h: MD: 0.72, 95% CI −7.76 to 9.20; 48 h: MD: −0.01, 95% CI −11.35 to 11.33; 72 h: MD: −1.12, 95% CI −14.39 to 12.15, very low quality). Compared with oxytocin or no intervention, both motherwort injection and motherwort injection combined with oxytocin had a significantly decreased duration of blood loss (MI vs. O: MD −2.59, 95% CI −4.59 to −0.60, very low quality; MI + O vs. O: MD −2.62, 95% CI -3.02 to −2.22, very low quality; MI + O vs. No intervention: MD: −1.80, 95% CI −2.28 to −1.33, low quality). Seven of nine included trials reported adverse event outcomes. Three cases were found in the motherwort injection group, and five induced abortion syndromes were found in the motherwort injection plus oxytocin group. 29 adverse events were reported in the oxytocin group instead. The recovery time of normal menstruation after abortion was significantly earlier in the group using motherwort injection compared with oxytocin (MDs −3.77, 95% CI −6.29 to −1.25, very low quality), and the endometrial thickness in the motherwort injection group was significantly different from that in the oxytocin group (MD: 2.24, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.90, very low quality).

Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis indicate prophylactic use of motherwort injection may reduce the risk of uterine hemorrhage in women after abortion, and more high-quality research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of motherwort injection in preventing uterine hemorrhage after abortion.

Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=274153, identifier CRD42021274153
Is the combination of behavioral activation and attention training technique effective to reduce depressive symptomatology? A multiple case study
Authors: Krings Audrey , Geurten Marie , Lazari Ecaterina , Blairy Sylvie
Published: July 2022

Background

This study tested whether the combination of BATD and Attention Training Technique (ATT) is effective to reduce depressive symptomatology and investigate the mechanisms of action underlying the effectiveness of treatment with a multiple N-of-1 trials.

Methods

Nine adults with depressive symptoms were randomly included in three different combinations of BATD and ATT, concurrent in Condition 1 and sequential in Conditions 2 and 3 (ATT followed by BATD and BATD followed by ATT, respectively). The sequential components allow investigating the specific changes that occur during the two distinct treatment phases. Multiple self-report and pre–post-assessments were conducted on generic mental health measures (depressive symptoms, life functioning, mood, and well-being) and intervention-specific measures (behavioral activation, behavioral avoidance, self-focused attention, cognitive control and rumination), with two-week and three-month follow-up assessments. We also measured treatment adherence with treatment attendance, homework compliance and a clinical interview.

Results

Participants’ attendance, homework compliance and satisfaction were acceptable in the three conditions, with higher adherence in Condition 1 and Condition 3. Eight participants out of nine reported a reduction in depressive symptomatology and five an improvement in well-being. Most of their progress was maintained 2 weeks after the intervention but not 3 months later. Conditions 1 and 2 seemed to be associated with a higher response to generic mental health measures in comparison with Condition 3. The three conditions were not associated with consistent changes in intervention-specific measures, except for rumination with five participants out of nine reporting an improvement in rumination immediately after the intervention and eight participants 2 weeks after the intervention. The concurrent format was associated with a better improvement in rumination immediately after the intervention. No specific changes of self-focused attention and rumination characterized ATT, and no specific changes of behavioral activation, behavioral avoidance and rumination characterized BATD.

Conclusion

Our three interventions were judged acceptable and showed positive short-term benefit for generic mental health measures and rumination maintained 2 weeks later, but not 3 months later. Results suggest that five sessions of concurrent treatment could be a better option than sequential formats. However, our data did not support the specificity of ATT and BATD treatments.

Clinical Trial Registration: This trial was previously registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04595539 registration number and the title “Does Attention Training Technique Enhance the Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression: A Multiple Baseline Study.”
A matter of delicate balance: Loss and gain of Cockayne syndrome proteins in premature aging and cancer
Authors: Paccosi Elena , Balajee Adayabalam S. , Proietti-De-Santis Luca
Published: July 2022

DNA repair genes are critical for preserving genomic stability and it is well established that mutations in DNA repair genes give rise to progeroid diseases due to perturbations in different DNA metabolic activities. Cockayne Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal recessive inheritance caused by inactivating mutations in CSA and CSB genes. This review will primarily focus on the two Cockayne Syndrome proteins, CSA and CSB, primarily known to be involved in Transcription Coupled Repair (TCR). Curiously, dysregulated expression of CS proteins has been shown to exhibit differential health outcomes: lack of CS proteins due to gene mutations invariably leads to complex premature aging phenotypes, while excess of CS proteins is associated with carcinogenesis. Thus it appears that CS genes act as a double-edged sword whose loss or gain of expression leads to premature aging and cancer. Future mechanistic studies on cell and animal models of CS can lead to potential biological targets for interventions in both aging and cancer development processes. Some of these exciting possibilities will be discussed in this review in light of the current literature.
Preoperative Strength Training for Clinical Outcomes Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Zugui , Wang Yi , Li Congcong , Li Junyi , Chen Weijian , Ye Zixuan , Zeng Ziquan , Hong Kunhao , Zhu Yue , Jiang Tao , Lu Yanyan , Liu Wengang , Xu Xuemeng
Published: July 2022

Background

There is an increasing interest in preoperative strength training for promoting post-operative rehabilitation, but the effectiveness of preoperative strength training for clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial.

Objective

This study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of preoperative strength training on clinical outcomes before and after TKA.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases from the inception to November 17, 2021. The meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of preoperative strength training on clinical outcomes before and after TKA.

Results

Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included (n = 306). Immediately before TKA, the pooled results showed significant improvements in pain, knee function, functional ability, stiffness, and physical function in the strength training group compared with the control group, but not in strength (quadriceps), ROM, and WOMAC (total). Compared with the control group, the results indicated strength training had a statistically significant improvement in post-operative knee function, ROM, and functional ability at less than 1 month and 3 months, and had a statistically significant improvement in post-operative strength (quadriceps), stiffness, and WOMAC (total) at 3 months, and had a statistically significant improvement in post-operative pain at 6 months. However, the results indicated strength training had no statistically significant improvement in post-operative strength (quadriceps) at less than 1 month, 6, and 12 months, had no statistically significant improvement in post-operative pain at less than 1 month, 3, and 12 months, had no statistically significant improvement in post-operative knee function at 6 and 12 months, and had no statistically significant improvement in post-operative physical function at 3 months.

Conclusions

Preoperative strength training may be beneficial to early rehabilitation after TKA, but the long-term efficacy needs to be further determined. At the same time, more caution should be exercised when interpreting the clinical efficacy of preoperative strength training for TKA.
The impact of perioperative red blood cell transfusion on the prognosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Jiang Ting , Liu Kun , Chen Zexin
Published: July 2022

Background

There is no consensus on the effect of red blood cell transfusion on colorectal cancer (CRC). This study examined the impact of perioperative red blood cell transfusion on postoperative complications, recurrence, and mortality in patients with CRC.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, 219 CRC patients admitted to Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, and Chongqing University Central Hospital from 2008 to 2019 were divided into transfusion (n = 75) and non-transfusion (n = 144) groups. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the effects of blood transfusion on the severity of postoperative complications in patients with CRC, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression was performed to analyze the effects of blood transfusion on postoperative death and recurrence.

Results

Twenty-two (29.33%) patients in the transfusion group were intermediate or advanced severity of postoperative complications, 31 (41.33%) patients died in the transfusion group, and 55 (73.33%) patients occurred recurrence of the CRC, with the median follow-up time being 24.57(14.50,36.37) months. Our result showed that perioperative red blood cell transfusion was associated with an increased risk of intermediate or advanced severity of postoperative complications in CRC patients [odds ratio (OR) = 3.368, 95% CI, 1.146–9.901]. And perioperative red blood cell transfusion increased the risk of postoperative death [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.747, 95% CI, 1.048–7.205] and recurrence in patients with CRC (HR = 2.168, 95% CI, 1.192–3.943).

Conclusion

Our finding demonstrated that perioperative red blood cell transfusion was associated with severity of complications, recurrence, and death in CRC patients. However, further studies are still needed to confirm the adverse effects of red blood cell transfusions in CRC patients.
Are Image and Quality of Tourist Services Strategic Determinants of Satisfaction? Millennials’ Perspective in Emerging Destinations
Authors: Travar Irena , Todorović Nikola , Pavlović Sanja , Parra-López Eduardo
Published: July 2022

This study aims to investigate the level of satisfaction of foreign tourists, specifically millennials, based on different dimensions of destination image and the quality of the tourist services in Belgrade, the capital of the Republic of Serbia, as an emerging destination. Despite the tarnished image attached to the city after the Yugoslav Wars and the economic crisis in the 1990s, this emerging destination is becoming more popular among foreign visitors. A sample of 359 international tourists was surveyed. Structural equation modelling was used to test the relationships between the constructs. The results confirmed the positive effects of image and quality on satisfaction as well as a positive and direct effect of image on quality. Moreover, there was a partial mediation of quality between image and satisfaction. The findings have significant marketing and management implications for destination stakeholders. They provide useful insights for choosing effective strategies and an appropriate business tourism model in emerging destinations that can further help them to become more competitive.
Layout Analysis and Optimization of Airships with Thrust-Based Stability Augmentation
Authors: Riboldi Carlo E. D. , Rolando Alberto
Published: July 2022

Despite offering often significant advantages with respect to other flying machines, especially in terms of flight endurance, airships are typically harder to control. Technological solutions borrowed from the realm of shipbuilding, such as bow thrusters, have been largely experimented with to the extent of increasing maneuverability. More recently, also thrust vectoring has appeared as an effective solution to ameliorate maneuverability. However, with an increasing interest for high-altitude airships (HAAs) and autonomous flight and the ensuing need to reduce weight and lifting performance, design simplicity is a desirable goal. Besides saving weight, it would reduce complexity and increase time between overhauls, in turn enabling longer missions. In this perspective, an airship layout based on a set of non-tilting thrusters, optimally placed to be employed for both propulsion and attitude control, appears particularly interesting. If sufficiently effective, such configurations would reduce the need for control surfaces on aerodynamic empennages and the corresponding actuators. Clearly, from an airship design perspective, the adoption of many smaller thrusters instead of a few larger ones allows a potentially significant departure from more classical airship layouts. Where on one side attractive, this solution unlocks a number of design variables—for instance, the number of thrusters, as well as their positioning in the general layout, mutual tilt angles, etc.—to be set according simultaneously to propulsion and attitude control goals. In this paper, we explore the effect of a set of configuration parameters defining three-thrusters and four-thrusters layout, trying to capture their impact on an aggregated measure of control performance. To this aim, at first a stability augmentation system (SAS) is designed so as to stabilize the airship making use of thrusters instead of aerodynamic surfaces. Then a non-linear model of the airship is employed to test the airship in a set of virtual simulation scenarios. The analysis is carried out in a parameterized fashion, changing the values of configuration parameters pertaining to the thrusters layout so as to understand their respective effects. In a later stage, the choice of the optimal design values (i.e., the optimal layout) related to the thrusters is demanded to an optimizer. The paper is concluded by showing the results on a complete numerical test case, drawing conclusions on the relevance of certain design parameters on the considered performance, and commenting the features of an optimal configuration.
Optimizing Nitrogen Application for Chinese Ratoon Rice Based on Yield and Reactive Nitrogen Loss
Authors: Hu Ren , Ding Zijuan , Li Tingyu , Zhang Dingyue , Tian Yingbing , Cao Yuxian , Hou Jun
Published: July 2022

Ratoon rice (RR) has been regarded as a labor-saving and beneficial production system. Nitrogen (N) surplus and reactive N losses (Nr losses) are effective environmental indicators used to evaluate the performance of N management. Few studies have assessed N surplus and Nr losses for Chinese RR. In this study, Chinese RR planting areas were divided into South China (SC), the southern part of East China (SEC), Central China (CC), the northern part of East China (NEC), and Southwest China (SW). N surplus and Nr losses were also calculated based on 782 studies using a quadratic model under optimized N management for the highest yield (OPT-yield), the highest N-use efficiency (NUE) (OPT-NUE), and the highest grain N uptake (OPT-N uptake). The RR yields in the five regions ranged from 9.98 to 13.59 t ha−1. The high-yield record was observed in SEC, while the low-yield record was observed in NEC. The highest and the lowest Nr losses were found in NEC and SC, respectively. N surplus was reduced, while the yield was maintained in SEC, CC, NEC, and SW under OPT-yield and OPT-N uptake, and N surplus and Nr losses were reduced in the five regions when targeting the highest NUE. Farmers should be encouraged to plant RR in SEC and CC. RR was also a good choice when N management measures were conducted in three other regions. To achieve a win–win situation for both yield and the environment, OPT-yield could serve to improve the N management of current conventional practices.
Recommending Advanced Deep Learning Models for Efficient Insect Pest Detection
Authors: Li Wei , Zhu Tengfei , Li Xiaoyu , Dong Jianzhang , Liu Jun
Published: July 2022

Insect pest management is one of the main ways to improve the crop yield and quality in agriculture and it can accurately and timely detect insect pests, which is of great significance to agricultural production. In the past, most insect pest detection tasks relied on the experience of agricutural experts, which is time-consuming, laborious and subjective. In rencent years, various intelligent methods have emerged for detection. This paper employs three frontier Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) models—Faster-RCNN, Mask-RCNN and Yolov5, for efficient insect pest detection. In addition, we made two coco datasets by ourselves on the basis of Baidu AI insect detection dataset and IP102 dataset, and compared these three frontier deep learning models on the two coco datasets. In terms of Baidu AI insect detection dataset whose background is simple, the experimental results strongly recommend Yolov5 for the insect pest detection, because its accuracy reaches above 99% while Faster-RCNN’s and Mask-RCNN’s reach above 98%. Meanwhile, Yolov5 has the faster computational speed than Faster-RCNN and Mask-RCNN. Comparatively speaking, with regard to the IP102 dataset whose background is complex and categories are abundant, Faster-RCNN and Mask-RCNN have the higher accuracy, reaching 99%, than Yolov5 whose accuracy is about 97%.
Effects of Different Edible Coatings on the Shelf Life of Fresh Black Mulberry Fruits (Morus nigra L.)
Authors: Memete Adriana Ramona , Teusdea Alin Cristian , Timar Adrian Vasile , Vuscan Adrian Nicolae , Mintaș Olimpia Smaranda , Cavalu Simona , Vicas Simona Ioana
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of edible coatings based on gelatine, oils (sunflower and coconut) and beeswax on the physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds (total phenols and monomeric anthocyanin content), antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assays were used) and sensorial attributes of mulberry fruits during a period of storage (0, 2, 5 and 8 days) at 4 °C. The results showed that, in all samples treated with edible films, the degree of firmness was higher and the deterioration weaker compared to the control at day 8 of storage. Edible coatings significantly reduced the rate of deterioration, in terms of total phenolics and anthocyanins, in mulberry fruits over time, and the gelatine-coated mulberry samples (G_Mn) exhibited the best results. In terms of the antioxidant capacity of the coated mulberry, after 5 and 8 days of storage, only the G_Mn samples maintained significantly high DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP values compared to control. Coating improved the sensorial attributes of the mulberry during storage, and gelatine-coated fruits recorded the highest score, followed by layer-by-layer samples (O+W_G_Mn). All edible coatings used to cover black mulberry in this study extended the shelf life of the fruits, while maintaining high levels of bioactive compounds and, consequently, high antioxidant capacity, along with improved sensory qualities, during cold storage.
From an Introduced Pulse Variety to the Principal Local Agricultural Industry: A Case Study of Red Kidney Beans in Kelan, China
Authors: Ma Jiliang , Khan Nawab , Gong Jin , Hao Xiaopeng , Cheng Xuzhen , Chen Xin , Chang Jianwu , Zhang Huijie
Published: July 2022

The development of introduced pulse varieties has made valuable contributions to the development of the global agricultural industry, and China is one of the largest pulse producers in the international market. A special type of pulse, the red kidney bean, has made a major contribution to improving the rural economy. Taking Kelan County, Shanxi Province, as an example, this paper expounds on the formation of the kidney bean industry and its impact on local development. The existing research used a qualitative case study (QCS) method to examine the driver and impact of kidney beans in the agricultural industry. This study found that (1) the development of the kidney bean industry has benefited from its adherence to a market demand-oriented strategy, focusing on breeding and retaining excellent varieties, and vigorously supporting the construction of technical systems and the cultivation of the main body of the industrial chain. Developing new varieties, creating brands, and industrial integration are the key driving forces for development. (2) The kidney bean industry promotes local development by increasing farmers’ income, forming a more complete kidney bean supply chain, highlighting the brand effect, and promoting sustainable rural development. This study suggests that disease-resistant and mechanized-adapted varieties need to be developed in the future. Market and demand trends should be constantly monitored when determining reproductive paths.
Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation Reduces P Availability in Paddy Soil Irrespective of Straw Incorporation
Authors: Kong Fanxuan , Zhang Xintan , Zhu Yonghe , Yang Haishui , Li Fengmin
Published: July 2022

Crop production is highly impacted by soil phosphorus (P) availability which is poor and susceptibly affected by soil moisture. However, how water management and straw incorporation affect paddy soil P availability is still not well known. A 40-day incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two water management regimes: continuous flooding irrigation (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) combined with different straw addition rates (equivalent to 0, 50%, 100%, 200%, and 300% straw incorporation rates in field) on P availability in paddy soil. Water management significantly affected soil available P, microbial biomass P, total reductant, and ferrous iron. However, straw addition showed no effect on soil P availability in the short term. Compared to CF, AWD consistently decreased the soil available P content under straw addition at different rates. The main reason was that AWD increased microbial biomass for immobilizing P and decreased ferrous iron content for increasing soil P absorption, reducing available P content. In conclusion, AWD reduces available P content in paddy soil compared to CF. Water management has a more significant regulatory effect on soil P availability than straw incorporation in the field management.
Evaluating Potential Cetacean Welfare Indicators from Video of Live Stranded Long-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala melas edwardii)
Authors: Boys Rebecca M. , Beausoleil Ngaio J. , Pawley Matthew D. M. , Betty Emma L. , Stockin Karen A.
Published: July 2022

Despite the known benefit of considering welfare within wildlife conservation and management, there remains a lack of data to inform such evaluations. To assess animal welfare, relevant information must be captured scientifically and systematically. A key first step is identifying potential indicators of welfare and the practicality of their measurement. We assessed the feasibility of evaluating potential welfare indicators from opportunistically gathered video footage of four stranded odontocete species (n = 53) at 14 stranding events around New Zealand. The first stranded cetacean ethogram was compiled, including 30 different behaviours, 20 of which were observed in all four species. Additionally, thirteen types of human intervention were classified. A subset of 49 live stranded long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas edwardii) were assessed to determine indicator prevalence and to quantify behaviours. Four ‘welfare status’ and six ‘welfare alerting’ non-behavioural indicators could be consistently evaluated from the footage. Additionally, two composite behavioural indicators were feasible. Three human intervention types (present, watering, and touching) and five animal behaviours (tail flutter, dorsal fin flutter, head lift, tail lift, and head side-to-side) were prevalent (>40% of individuals). Our study highlights the potential for non-invasive, remote assessments via video footage and represents an initial step towards developing a systematic, holistic welfare assessment framework for stranded cetaceans.