bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPESIFIKASI RUANG AKTIVITAS PKL DI KOTA KAJEN, PEKALONGAN
Authors: Widjajanti Retno , Kurniawati Wakhidah , Murbana Parandita Anisa Fatah , Saputri Windy Anggista Eka
Published: May 2024

Keberadaan aktivitas PKL masih dipandang menjadi masalah ruang di perkotaan, karena memicu konflik pemanfaatan ruang dan menurunkan visual fisik kawasan sehingga dianggap sebagai elemen "out of place". Padahal PKL mampu mengurangi pengangguran dan kemiskinan, memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat sehari-hari dan merupakan aktivitas riil perkotaan yang perlu diwadahi. Oleh karena itu penataan ruang aktivitas PKL diperlukan dan perlu sesuai dengan karakteristik aktivitasnya. Isu tumbuh dan berkembangnya PKL di ruang kota Kajen karena akibat dari adanya pemekaran wilayah kabupaten. Kawasan Perkotaan Kajen menjadi pusat aktivitas baru Kabupaten Pekalongan dan memunculkan keberadaan PKL yang terus berkembang di kawasan tersebut. Kondisi ini perlu diantisipasi agar meminimalisir timbulnya konflik penggunaan ruang di perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukenali spesifikasi ruang PKL di kawasan kota Kajen. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif (crosstab dan deskriptif kuantitatif). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa spesifikasi ruang aktivitas PKL di sekitar Alun-alun Kajen adalah sekitar kawasan terdapat aktivitas beragam yaitu aktivitas perkantoran, ibadah, rekreasi/hiburan/olahraga; terdapat ruang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat berdagang di tepi alun-alun, di trotoar, di tepi jalan, di taman; ruang di sekitar alun-alun dapat dimanfaatkan sesuai waktu aktivitas masyarakat dan terdapat banyak pengunjung; ruang dapat digunakan secara menetap dan memiliki luas yang cukup untuk aktivitas berdagang makan/minuman, persewaan mainan anak-anak dan memiliki luas yang cukup dengan sarana gerobak tenda/lesehan/gerobak/meja/motor/mobil/berbagai jenis sarana permainan; PKL dapat berdagang dengan pembatas ruang yang transparan/tanpa batas antar PKL sehingga antar PKL dapat mudah bekerjasama; ruang PKL di sekitar alun-alun mudah dilihat dan mudah dicapai oleh pengunjung; teduh dan terang; ruang yang aman untuk berdagang karena ruang yang diijinkan oleh pemerintah; tersedia ruang parkir pengunjung.
ANALISIS DAMPAK STUDENTIFIKASI PADA KAWASAN PENDIDIKAN SEKITAR KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DEPOK
Authors: Sandra Patricia , Akbar Rendy , Olivia Deasy
Published: May 2024

Studentifikasi di kawasan pendidikan khususnya di Kota Depok telah menjadi fenomena yang signifikan akibat pertumbuhan kampus-kampus seperti Universitas Indonesia, Universitas Gunadarma Depok, dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak studentifikasi pada kawasan pendidikan sekitar kampus Universitas Indonesia Depok, seperti apa dampak yang dirasakan serta bagaimana tingkatan dampak dari aspek fisik, lingkungan, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak seperti apa yang dirasakan dan kawasan mana yang paling terdampak dengan adanya studentifikasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis delphi dengan melibatkan pakar dan pemangku kepentingan dalam rangka mendapatkan pandangan komprehensif tentang dampak yang mungkin terjadi, dan analisis kuantitatif dengan skoring menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian mengetahui tingkatan dampak yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat setempat. Adapun dampak fenomena studentifikasi yang paling tinggi berdasarkan analisis delphi dan skoring adalah munculnya bangunan tertentu identik dengan kegiatan mahasiswa, penyediaan hunian kos secara khusus hanya untuk mahasiswa dan peningkatan nilai lahan/ harga tanah. Kawasan yang paling terkena dampak dari Studentifikasi kawasan pendidikan sekitar Universitas Indonesia adalah Kelurahan Kemiri Muka. Dampaknya mencakup peningkatan nilai lahan/harga tanah menyebabkan banyak alih fungsi bangunan hunian menjadi bangunan kos yang menyesuaikan kebutuhan mahasiswa untuk menunjang kegiatan sehari-hari.
PENERAPAN KONSEP TEKNOLOGI BAHAN BAKAR JUMPUTAN PADAT (BBJP) SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGURANGI KEBUTUHAN LAHAN TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR SAMPAH CILOWONG, SERANG, BANTEN
Authors: Pirngadi Budi Heri , Ramdhani Zaenal , Pangestu Reza
Published: May 2024

Timbulan sampah yang tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan lahan TPA telah menjadi masalah utama pengelolaan sampah di perkotaan. Hal tersebut juga terjadi di Kota dan Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten. TPA yang melayani Sampah dari kedua daerah tersebut yaitu TPA Cilowong saat ini sudah melebihi kapasitas. Di sisi lain sampah dari dua daerah tersebut berpotensi untuk dibuat Bahan Bakar Jemputan Padat (BBJP) atau bahan bakar jumputan padat (BBJP).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas upaya mengurangi kebutuhan lahan TPA dengan mengolah sampah yang masuk ke TPA menjadi BBJP. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metoda kuantitatif.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui potensi kalor sampah yang masuk ke TPA Cilowong dalam keadaan kering yaitu 5.626,67 kCal/Kg layak untuk dijadikan BBJP.  Dengan jumlah sampah setiap hari sebanyak 454 ton/hari maka dapat dihasilkan BBJP sebanyak 136–181 ton setiap harinya. Selain itu, di Kota dan Kabupaten Serang terdapat potensi pemanfaatan BBJP pada lima PLTU dan dua pabrik semen yang saat ini menggunakan batu bara.  Dengan mengolah sampah yang masuk ke TPA Cilowong menjadi BBJP maka dapat mengurangi kebutuhan lahan TPA untuk 10 tahun ke depan seluas 67 Ha. Artikel ini memiliki kontribusi bagi bidang ilmu teknik lingkungan dan perencanaan wilayah  terutama perencanaan infrastruktur pengelolaan sampah.
Konceptualizując rosyjskość
Authors: Wawrzyniak Jan
Published: May 2024

Данные рассуждения касаются исторически выработанных атрибутов России, воспринимаемой как особое цивилизационное образование, одновременно являющееся объектом интеллектуальных концептуализаций в русской философской мысли. Для неё характерна автотелическость, что означает следующее – преобладающим объектом философствования русских мыслителей является сама Россия, её идентичность и будущее, но прежде всего – суть русскости. Это философствование представляет собой реакцию на "просветительский шок", который России и русским сотворил Петр I Великий и который способствует формированию так называемой русской идеи. Она понимается как попытка определить цивилизационное состояние России, создание аксиоконцепции и её развитие, а также поиск идей для творческого присутствия России в Европе. Автообразы русской идентичности содержатся в понятиях и способе мышления, а также в аксиометафизической и аксиоязыковой картине мира. Русскость остается главным топосом интеллектуальной культуры России (в том числе у эмигрантских мыслителей) и по сегодняшний день.
The Credit Council in the US Context
Authors: Feldmann John Davis
Published: May 2024

The proper role of central banks – in the US the Federal Reserve – is again up for scrutiny and criticism as the consequences of the monetary policies of the Great Financial Crisis (GFC) are fully revealed. Into the debate comes the proposal of an updated version of the Credit Council, an institution that worked alongside central banks in many European countries in the adjustment from a wartime to a peacetime economy post WWII. The renovated and reconstituted European Credit Council, as conceived by Eric Monnet of the Paris School of Economics, would participate as an aid to both the legislature and central banks in developing and monitoring monetary policy. Monnet sees additional institutional oversight to be essential as central banks confront the multifaceted challenges of escaping from GFC experimental policies and dealing with emerging challenges such as the Green Transition and social inequality. Monnet’s idea has its supporters and critics in the European context. This paper attempts to assess the utility and efficacy of the Credit Council in the US context, using: (i) the EU criticisms to anticipate and respond to likely objections from US critics; and (ii) the current Fed reform debate in the US to gauge potential fit and acceptance. The conclusion, in brief, is that the Monnet CC concept could fit well within the US context and is a potentially useful mechanism for enhancing democratic responsiveness and adding to policy legitimacy as the Fed deals with existing and imminent monetary arena challenges.
Copper oxide nanoparticles-mediated Heliotropium bacciferum leaf extract: Antifungal activity and molecular docking assays against strawberry pathogens
Authors: Hamdy Esraa , El-Gendi Hamada , Al-Askar Abdulaziz , El-Far Ali , Kowalczewski Przemysław , Behiry Said , Abdelkhalek Ahmed
Published: May 2024

In the current study, Heliotropium bacciferum leaf extract was used to biosynthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs). Various analytical techniques were used to characterize the produced CuO-NPs. Transmission electron microscope investigation indicated well-distributed spherical particles in various development phases. The particles’ diameters ranged from 22.15 to 37.01 nm, with an average of 24.8 ± 6.1 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray examination confirmed the presence of nanoscale Cu ions at a high concentration, as seen by the strong signal peak at 1 keV. Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed various functional groups on the green-produced CuO-NPs, as evidenced by multiple absorption beaks. The bands found at 3,195 and 2,916 cm−1 revealed that phenolic and flavonoid compounds’ alcohols and alkanes were stretching C–H. Also, a band at 1,034 cm−1 is typically attributed to CuO production. CuO-NPs exhibited significant bioactivity against isolated and molecularly identified fungal strains, including Rhizoctonia solani (OR116528), Fusarium oxysporum (OR116508), and Botrytis cinerea (OR116491). Remarkably, the highest inhibition percentages were recorded at 100 µg/mL, with values 81.48, 71.11, and 50.74% for R. solani, F. oxysporum, and B. cinerea, respectively. Molecular docking interactions revealed that the highest binding affinity of CuO-NPs was −5.1 for the oxidoreductase of B. cinerea and −5.2 and −5.4 for the chitin synthase of R. solani and F. oxysporum, respectively. Consequentially, the biosynthesized CuO-NPs could be employed as antifungal biocontrol agents, as well as using H. bacciferum leaf extract for the synthesis of nanoparticles for various sustainable agricultural applications.
Computerized diagnostic decision support systems – a comparative performance study of Isabel Pro vs. ChatGPT4
Authors: Bridges Joe M.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Validate the diagnostic accuracy of the Artificial Intelligence Large Language Model ChatGPT4 by comparing diagnosis lists produced by ChatGPT4 to Isabel Pro.

Methods

This study used 201 cases, comparing ChatGPT4 to Isabel Pro. Systems inputs were identical. Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) compares the correct diagnosis’s rank between systems. Isabel Pro ranks by the frequency with which the symptoms appear in the reference dataset. The mechanism ChatGPT4 uses to rank the diagnoses is unknown. A Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum test failed to reject the null hypothesis.

Results

Both systems produced comprehensive differential diagnosis lists. Isabel Pro’s list appears immediately upon submission, while ChatGPT4 takes several minutes. Isabel Pro produced 175 (87.1 %) correct diagnoses and ChatGPT4 165 (82.1 %). The MRR for ChatGPT4 was 0.428 (rank 2.31), and Isabel Pro was 0.389 (rank 2.57), an average rank of three for each. ChatGPT4 outperformed on Recall at Rank 1, 5, and 10, with Isabel Pro outperforming at 20, 30, and 40. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test confirmed that the sample size was inadequate to conclude that the systems are equivalent. ChatGPT4 fabricated citations and DOIs, producing 145 correct references (87.9 %) but only 52 correct DOIs (31.5 %).

Conclusions

This study validates the promise of Clinical Diagnostic Decision Support Systems, including the Large Language Model form of artificial intelligence (AI). Until the issue of hallucination of references and, perhaps diagnoses, is resolved in favor of absolute accuracy, clinicians will make cautious use of Large Language Model systems in diagnosis, if at all.
Time-varying Investment Dynamics in the USA
Authors: Mendieta-Muñoz Ivan
Published: May 2024

We study the time-varying effects of Tobin’s q and cash flow on investment dynamics in the USA using a vector autoregression model with drifting parameters and stochastic volatilities estimated via Bayesian methods. We find a significant variation over time of the response of investment to shocks in both variables. The time-varying sensitivity of investment to a shock in Tobin’s q (cash flow) decreased (increased) since the early 1960s through the early 1980s, increased (decreased) since the early 1980s through the early 2000s, and it has decreased (increased) importantly again since then. Thus, the time-varying response of investment to a shock to Tobin’s q has been almost the mirror image to the time-varying response of investment to a shock to cash flow. This implies that Tobin’s q and cash flow represent both complementary and alternative sources of information needed to understand short-run investment behavior.
Ethnic Identity and Traces of Culture: Pema Tseden in a Centenary History of Films
Authors: Wang Haizhou , Yan Wenjun
Published: May 2024

As a Tibetan indie filmmaker, Pema Tseden is endowed with an ethnic advantage. In his films, he focuses on the real-life conditions of Tibetans. Observing ethnic groups through the personal perspective of the individual, he profoundly contemplates the condition of Tibetan culture in the modernized world while reflecting on China through the geographical perspective of borderland. In terms of form, Pema Tseden’s films represent the unique features of Chinese film aesthetics and poetics by adopting special Tibetan images and the implicit narrative structure of blank space.
Comprehensive analyses of phenylalanine hydroxylase variants and phenotypic characteristics of patients in the eastern region of Türkiye
Authors: Alavanda Ceren , Ceylan Emine İpek , Kılavuz Sebile , Çıkı Kısmet
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is predominantly a hepatic enzyme that catalyzes phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine, which is the rate-limiting step in Phe catabolism. Biallelic variants in the PAH gene cause PAH enzyme deficiency. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder that causes neurologic, behavioral, and dermatological findings. PKU could be divided clinically into three types based on the blood Phe levels: classic phenylketonuria (cPKU), mild-moderate phenylketonuria (mPKU), and mild hyperphenylalaninemia (MHP). This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Turkish PKU patients in the eastern region of Türkiye.

Methods

Demographic characteristics, serum Phe levels, treatments, and PAH variants of 163 patients with PKU and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) were retrospectively evaluated. Blood Phe levels of the patients were analyzed with the high-performance liquid chromatography method. For PAH gene analysis, next-generation sequencing was performed.

Results

Of the 163 patients included in the study, 38 (23.3 %) had cPKU, 16 (9.8 %) had mPKU, and 109 (66.9 %) had MHP. Homozygous variants in the PAH gene were detected in 66 (40.5 %) of the patients, while compound heterozygous variants were detected in 97 (59.5 %) patients. Two novel and 35 recurrent variants in the PAH gene were detected. Of the two novel variants, one was missense (p.Phe351Leu) and the other was frameshift (p.Met276Cysfs*65). The most frequently detected variants were p.Thr380Met (18 %), p.Arg261Gln (16.8 %), and p.Ala300Ser (12.8 %). All patients with the homozygous c.1066-11G>A variant exhibited cPKU phenotype. The c.898G>T (p.Ala300Ser), c.1139C>T (p.Thr380Met), and c.1208C>T (p.Ala403Val) variants were statistically related to mild phenotype. On the other hand, c.592_613del (p.Tyr198Serfs*136), c.1028A>G (p.Tyr343Cys), and c.782G>A (p.Arg261Gln) variants were more frequently detected in the cPKU group.

Conclusions

Our study, conducted with patients from the eastern region of Türkiye, demonstrates the genetic heterogeneity in the Turkish population. Simultaneously, our research contributes to genotype–phenotype correlation and expands the genotypic spectrum by identifying novel variants.
Attitudes toward code-switching among bilingual Jordanians: a comparative study
Authors: Daoud Sumaya , Abu Guba Mohammed Nour , Hussein Elham , Skaik Huda
Published: May 2024

This study employs a quantitative analytical descriptive approach to explore the attitudes of two Jordanian communities toward code-switching (CS). The first community lives in the United States (a migrant community), while the second community resides in Jordan (a native community). Data were collected using an online questionnaire and the attitudes of these two communities were compared with respect to their sense of identity, religion, communication efficiency, and audience design. The study also examines the influence of self-perceived language proficiency, the direction of CS, and gender on the positivity or negativity of individuals’ attitudes toward CS. The study pays particular attention to the use of CS as a polite or impolite behavior in different contexts. The findings of this study indicate that both groups have relatively similar attitudes toward CS in terms of communication efficiency, topic, audience design, and politeness. However, the migrant community has an overall more positive attitude toward CS in terms of religion and sense of identity, particularly when language proficiency is taken into account.
First record of Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros armiger (Hipposideridae) from Bangladesh
Authors: Aziz M. Abdul , Marma Aung Shew Nu , Hamza Ameer , Rahman Md. Abdur , Rahman Md. Aminur , Naznin Sumaiya
Published: May 2024

We report the first record of the Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros armiger from a cave in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. We confirmed its identity using morphometric measurements and visual observations supplemented with photographs. This report steps up the number of national bat fauna, suggesting countrywide surveys for a comprehensive inventory of bats for Bangladesh.
Enhanced catalytic degradation of amoxicillin by phyto-mediated synthesised ZnO NPs and ZnO-rGO hybrid nanocomposite: Assessment of antioxidant activity, adsorption, and thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Amanat Mehwish , Shahzadi Tayyaba , Riaz Tauheeda , Zaib Maria , Nawaz Faisal , Tawfeek Ahmed M. , Khawar Muhammad Ramzan , Park Sung Jea , Choi Dongwhi
Published: May 2024

Antibiotics are resistant compounds that become emerging contaminants that cause hazards to human health and the ecological environment due to their wide production and consumption. The present research reveals the remediation of amoxicillin (AMX) antibiotic by catalytic degradation using fabricated zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc oxide-reduced graphene oxide (ZnO-rGO) catalysts. The characterization of the catalyst was carried out via UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the morphology and composition of synthesised catalyst. The catalytic ability of ZnO-rGO and ZnO was investigated by analysing the degradation of AMX. The ZnO-rGO nanocomposites (NCs) showed improved catalytic performance towards AMX degradation (96%) than pure ZnO nanoparticles (85%), which may be attributed to the incorporation of rGO, which enhanced the adsorption rate and changed the electron–hole recombination rate. The antioxidant potential of synthesised nanomaterials was also analysed by three different methods. The adsorption behaviour was explained through the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the results revealed that AMX adsorption followed the Freundlich model more closely for both catalysts. The adsorption of AMX was also studied thermodynamically at different temperatures. The negative Gibbs energy change, positive enthalpy change, and entropy change showed the reaction’s spontaneity and endothermic nature. Finally, it can be assumed that the ZnO-rGO NCs could be an effective semiconductor for the degradation of AMX from wastewater.
Only states can be gradable
Authors: Zato Zoltan
Published: May 2024

In this paper I study Spanish sound emission verbs (sonar ‘to ring’) and degree achievements (enfriar ‘to cool’), which are intriguing insofar as they turn out to express gradable events, and argue that they are not gradable, although they can trigger quantity readings whereby there is a degree whose value changes throughout the event. Thus, my analysis aligns with other works on different languages (Japanese, German, Catalan and English) that have already pointed out that stativity is necessary to license gradability in certain syntactic constructions. However, my proposal goes a step forward insofar as it explicitly formulates that events cannot be gradable and explains in precise terms why gradability requires stativity. Assuming that activities are divisible into intervals and states into subintervals, I argue that gradability is only possible for the latter because it consists in measuring subintervals in intensity.
Estrategias metacomunicativas y de multimodalidad en inglés y en español de los medinfluencers en Instagram
Authors: Santamaría Urbieta Alexandra , Alcalde Peñalver Elena , Bannister Peter
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Las redes sociales se han convertido en medios de comunicación a los que los ciudadanos recurrimos con frecuencia no solo para entretenernos, sino también para obtener información actualizada sobre un tema concreto. Los medinfluencers, personas que se dedican a la divulgación de temas relacionados con la salud y el bienestar, aparecen con frecuencia en redes sociales. Metodología: Con el objetivo de determinar el discurso, tanto escrito como oral, que estos emplean tanto en lengua española como en lengua inglesa, se han analizado un total de 200 publicaciones de Instagram, 100 en español y 100 en inglés. Resultados: Los resultados dan muestra de que existen diferencias entre ambas lenguas, puesto que la lengua española tiende al detalle, mientras que en lengua inglesa se prefiere ser más directo y no ser tan exhaustivo en cuanto a la información que se le da al receptor. Discusión: Estudios como los que aquí se presentan, así como sus resultados, no pretenden ser únicamente datos que describan un tipo de discurso concreto, sino que buscan servir de utilidad para la didáctica de determinados campos de conocimiento como pueden ser la traducción, la interpretación, la lingüística, la corrección de textos o la comunicación. Conclusiones: De entre las principales conclusiones que se extraen en este estudio, destacamos la tendencia de la lengua española por ser más didáctica en sus explicaciones, mientras que la lengua inglesa resulta ser más directa y concisa. Asimismo, en cuanto a los elementos multimodales, nuevamente, la lengua española los emplea con mayor frecuencia que la inglesa. Todo esto da muestra de que el medinfluencer en español pretende ser didáctico y enseñar, mientras que en inglés este tiene como objetivo únicamente informar.
Grandfathers-to-Grandsons Transgenerational Transmission of Exercise Positive Effects on Cognitive Performance
Authors: Cintado Elisa , Tezanos Patricia , De las Casas Manuela , Muela Pablo , McGreevy Kerry R. , Fontn-Lozano ngela , Sacristn-Horcajada Eva , Pignatelli Jaime , de Ceballos Mara L. , del Hierro Mara Jess , Fernndez-Punzano Julia , Montoliu Llus , Trejo Jos Luis
Published: May 2024

Physical exercise is a robust lifestyle intervention known for its enhancement of cognitive abilities. Nevertheless, the extent to which these benefits can be transmitted across generations (intergenerational inheritance to F1, and transgenerational to F2 and beyond) remains a topic of limited comprehension. We have already shown that cognitive improvements resulting from physical exercise can be inherited from parents to their offspring, proving intergenerational effects. So, we set out to explore whether these enhancements might extend transgenerationally, impacting the F2 generation. In this study, we initially examined the behavioral traits of second generation (F2) male mice, whose grandfathers (F0) had an exercise intervention. Our findings revealed that F2 mice with physically active grandpaternal F0 progenitors displayed significantly improved memory recall, encompassing both spatial and non-spatial information when compared to their counterparts from sedentary F0 progenitors, and proving for the first time the transgenerational inheritance of physical exercise induced cognitive enhancement. Surprisingly, while F2 memory improved (as was the case with F1), adult hippocampal neurogenesis remained unchanged between experimental and control groups (unlike in F1). Additionally, our analysis of small RNA sequences in the hippocampus identified 35 differentially expressed miRNAs linked to important brain function categories. Notably, two of these miRNAs, miRNA-144 and miRNA-298, displayed a robust negative correlation with cognitive performance. These findings highlight the enduring transgenerational transmission of cognitive benefits associated with exercise, even after two generations, suggesting that moderate exercise training can have lasting positive effects, possibly orchestrated by a specific set of miRNAs that exert their influence across multiple generations.
Polyphonic Peace
Authors: Stock Thomas
Published: May 2024

Despite its monumental scale, the 1989 World Festival of Youth and Students in Pyongyang has received little scholarly attention. How did North Korea manage to entice thousands of foreign participants, including Christians and social democrats, and mitigate the potential negative ideological repercussions that could arise from such openness? Fortunately, the East German archives offer unprecedented insights into festival preparations, ideological strategies, and conflicts, given East Germany’s pivotal supportive role in North Korea’s hosting endeavors. Drawing extensively from these materials, this study proposes that in order to successfully host the festival North Korea embraced and adopted a polyphonic strategy, deeply rooted in Soviet practices, that revolved around the concept of peace. This strategy featured an externally oriented overtone directed at foreign youth and, concurrently, an inwardly focused, theoretical undertone that aimed to validate the communist leadership and promote the universality of the state ideology.
Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Different Cooling Methods at High Temperature
Authors: Li Zhang , Azman M. N. A. , Bin Zhu
Published: May 2024

To explore the tensile properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete under different cooling methods after high temperatures, this paper considers steel fiber reinforced concrete after five different temperatures, under natural cooling and rapid water cooling, conducting split-tension mechanical property studies. The failure form and splitting peak stress of steel fiber reinforced concrete under different working conditions are obtained by experiments, comparative analysis of cooling methods, influence of high temperature and steel fiber content on tensile properties of concrete splitting, the main conclusions are as follows: as the temperature rises, the failure pattern of steel fiber reinforced concrete developed from one main penetrating crack to several cracks on the specimen surface; the addition of steel fiber can effectively improve the plastic characteristics of concrete, the apparent cracks in the concrete also increase. As the temperature rises, the peak tensile stress of steel fiber reinforced concrete decreases gradually, the increase in temperature leads to some extent to a greater influence of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete splitting; as the steel fiber dosage increases, significant increase in concrete splitting mechanical properties, concrete splitting peak stress after high temperature is relatively high. The peak stress of concrete splitting under natural cooling is lower than that under rapid water cooling. At the same time, mathematical modeling of the effect of steel fiber admixture and high temperature on the peak splitting tensile stress of concrete under two cooling methods is derived, and the force mechanism is discussed and analyzed. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for the analysis and calculation of steel fiber concrete structures after fire.
Reducing IV Antibiotic Duration for Neonatal UTI Using a Clinical Standard Pathway
Authors: Chang Pearl W. , Zhou Chuan , Bryan Mersine A.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in young infants and are traditionally treated with longer intravenous (IV) antibiotic courses. A growing body of evidence supports shorter IV antibiotic courses for young infants. Our primary aim was to decrease the IV antibiotic treatment to 3 days over 2 years for neonates aged 0 to 28 days who have been hospitalized with UTIs.

METHODS

Using quality improvement methods, our primary intervention was to implement a revised clinical pathway recommending 3 (previously 7) days of IV antibiotics. Our primary outcome measure was IV antibiotic duration, and the secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS) and costs. The balancing measure was readmission within 30 days of discharge. Neonates were identified by using International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes and excluded if they were admitted to the ICU or had a LOS >30 days. We used statistical process control to analyze outcome measures for 4 years before (baseline) and 2 years after the pathway revision (intervention) in February 2020.

RESULTS

A total of 93 neonates were hospitalized with UTIs in the baseline period and 41 were hospitalized in the intervention period. We found special cause variation, with a significant decrease in mean IV antibiotic duration from 4.7 (baseline) to 3.1 days (intervention) and a decrease in mean LOS from 5.4 to 3.6 days. Costs did not differ between the baseline and intervention periods. There were 7 readmissions during the baseline period, and 0 during the intervention period.

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of a revised clinical pathway significantly reduced IV antibiotic treatment duration and hospital LOS for neonatal UTIs without an increase in hospital readmissions.
Trends in Adolescent Comorbid Cannabis Use Disorder and Postoperative Complications
Authors: Willer Brittany L. , Mpody Christian , Nafiu Olubukola O.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Increasing legalization and widespread misinformation about the dangers of cannabis use have contributed to the rising prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) among adolescents. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of CUD in adolescent surgical patients and evaluate its association with postoperative complications.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective, 1:1 propensity-matched cohort study of adolescents (aged 10–17 years) with and without CUD who underwent inpatient operations at US hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System from 2009 to 2022. The primary outcome was the trend in prevalence of CUD. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications. Using a Bonferroni correction, we considered a P value < .008 to be significant.

RESULTS

Of 558 721 adolescents undergoing inpatient surgery from 2009 to 2022, 2604 (0.5%) were diagnosed with CUD (2483 were propensity matched). The prevalence of CUD increased from 0.4% in 2009 to 0.6% in 2022 (P < .001). The adjusted odds of respiratory complications, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and extended hospital stay were significantly higher in adolescents with CUD (respiratory complications: odds ratio [OR], 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–2.00; P = .002; ICU admission: OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.61–1.98; P < .001; mechanical ventilation: OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 2.10–2.77; P < .001; extended hospital stay: OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.74–2.20; P < .001). The propensity score-adjusted odds of postoperative mortality or stroke for adolescents with CUD were not significantly increased (mortality: OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.87–2.25; P = .168; stroke: OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.13–5.36; P = .024).

CONCLUSIONS

CUD is increasing among adolescents scheduled for surgery. Given its association with postoperative complications, it is crucial to screen adolescents for cannabis use to allow timely counseling and perioperative risk mitigation.
Relación entre pautas de crianza con el autoconcepto académico y la motivación escolar en estudiantes de primaria
Authors: Ordoñez Luna Georgina , Chávez Soto Blanca Ivet
Published: May 2024

La educación del estudiantado se ve afectada de manera positiva o negativa por diversos factores como las pautas de crianza ejercidas por los progenitores. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la relación entre el autoconcepto académico, la motivación escolar y el tipo de pautas de crianza que percibe la niñez de cuarto, quinto y sexto grado de una escuela primaria del estado de Tlaxcala, México. El estudio fue cuantitativo, de tipo transversal y correlacional, se realizó durante el ciclo escolar 2022. Participaron 213 estudiantes, con un rango de edad de 8 a 12 años (M edad 9.33, DE. = 0.802), se emplearon la Escala de Motivación Escolar, el Inventario de Pautas de Crianza y la Escala de Autoconcepto Académico. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el SPSS versión 22 y los resultados mostraron dos asociaciones positivas y significativas entre las pautas de crianza de apoyo, el primero fue con la motivación (rs= 0.318**) y la segunda con el autoconcepto académico (rs=0.303**), así como entre la motivación y el autoconcepto académico (rs= 0.289**). En los grupos de estudiantes con pautas de crianza coercitivas e indiferentes no se encontraron asociaciones entre las variables. Se concluye que un entorno familiar de apoyo que otorgue confianza promueve los factores motivacionales y el autoconcepto académico, además existe una estrecha relación entre la percepción que se tiene como estudiante y la motivación, lo cual favorece el rendimiento escolar, por lo tanto, se sugiere realizar más investigaciones en torno a este tema.
Desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa en el estudiantado universitario dominicano mediante la red social Facebook: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Leonard Ruiz Mayra , Muñoz Marta Celiz María , Valerio Bejarán Vianibel Altagracia
Published: May 2024

El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje ha sido abordado, durante las últimas décadas, desde un Modelo por Competencias. Estas deben desarrollarse en cada asignatura y desde la práctica. Las redes sociales resultan una alternativa factible que, con el profesorado como agente facilitador, puede ayudar al estudiantado a fomentar sus competencias. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el impacto del uso de la red social Facebook en el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa en estudiantes universitarios dominicanos, en el área de las Ciencias Sociales. Se trabajó un estudio de caso, de campo, descriptivo y explicativo, con un enfoque mixto, transversal, durante el cuatrimestre de mayo-agosto 2022, bajo un diseño no experimental. La muestra fueron 81 estudiantes de asignaturas de Ciencias Sociales del Instituto de Formación Docente Salomé Ureña de República Dominicana. Los resultados obtenidos a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario y de una ficha de observación, concluyen que el estudiantado experimentó mejoras significativas en aspectos relacionados con la competencia comunicativa, como la ortografía, la organización y coherencia de sus ideas, y la adopción del hábito de revisar sus escritos antes de publicarlos en Facebook. Los 81 estudiantes participantes, evaluaron el uso de Facebook como una herramienta excelente y útil para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y destacaron su contribución a la mejora de la competencia comunicativa. Los resultados obtenidos respaldan los planteamientos de varios autores, acerca de la utilidad de la red social Facebook en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje por competencias.
Editorial
Authors: Vargas Sandoval Yensi
Published: May 2024

No aplica
Penerapan Model Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) pada Jumlah Penumpang Kereta Api di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Cania Serly , Putri Darvi Mailisa , Rianjaya Ilham Dangu
Published: May 2024

This study aims to obtain a model and determine the best model of the results of the number of train passengers in West Sumatra using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrate Moving Average (SARIMA). The research data comes from secondary data obtained from PT.KAI (Persero) Regional Division II West Sumatra to see the number of train passengers with a time span of January 2017 to April 2020. The results showed that the best model obtained was SARIMA. Selection of the best model based on the smallest AIC value of several models that have been obtained through ACF and PACF plots. Based on the best model, the forecasting results are close to the actual data, so the SARIMA model is suitable for forecasting.
Implementation of Cryptography Using the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) Algorithm in Encoding Text Messages and Documents
Authors: Sari Septi Rahmita , Resmawan Resmawan , Yahya Nisky Imansyah , Yahya Lailany
Published: May 2024

Cryptography can be used in prevent data, one of the preventive measures is by encoding messages. Cryptography is the study of encoding messages or ways of data protection. In encoding the content of messages, there is an algorithm conventionally used nowadays, the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) algorithm. The RSA algorithm is a method that has two different keys for each encryption and decryption process but is still interrelated to maintain security in processing the data. In finding the key, the RSA algorithm utilizes the rule of prime number. The larger the prime number used as a key, the harder it is to find a large number as a factor. This research describes the process of encrypting text messages, the content of documents using the RSA algorithm, and the key generation process. Those processes are done by converting plaintext into ciphertext using ASCII code, which is 256 long, and using PKCS (Public Key Cryptography Standards) is the encryption process on the RSA algorithm. This study uses Pyhton programming language to implement the RSA algorithm on text messages and documents. As a recommendation to the subsequent studies, it is proper to use algorithms or other programming languages to secure messages.
Application of fuzzy cellular automata to optimize a vessel route considering the forecasted hydrometeorological conditions
Authors: Dudchenko Sergiy , Tymochko Oleksandr , Makarchuk Dmytro , Golovan Andrii
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the processes of planning the minimum operating costs of a vessel with minimal risk to it and its cargo, considering the forecasted hydrometeorological conditions. The aim is to increase the fuel efficiency of a vessel’s passage, considering the forecast of weather conditions when forming an optimal safe route in the e-Navigation system. To achieve the research goal, conventional cellular automata and the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic were used in the process of decision-making and assessment of the impact of weather conditions on traffic efficiency. The devised approach makes it possible to synthesize an optimal route for the vessel, which ensures minimum fuel consumption and has minimal risk for the vessel and cargo while considering variable hydrometeorological conditions along the route. Minimization of operating costs is achieved through the ability of cellular automata to describe the complex behavior of objects, considering local rules. Automata are a computing system in discrete spaces. Data uncertainty has led to the need to use a fuzzy system, the effectiveness of which depends on the quality and accuracy of rules. Fuzzy automata, by combining fuzzy logic and automata theory, made it possible to process continuous steps and model the inherent uncertainty. To determine the state of cells of a fuzzy cellular automaton and the transition function between them, a system of productive rules and membership functions was used. It is the consistency of the system of productive rules when using fuzzy logic to build a cellular automaton that enables the construction of a quasi-global optimal routing method in comparison with conventional methods for calculating the ship’s route
Mitochondrial DNA insertions into nuclear genome (numts) in Vietnam sheep: Implications and caveats for the utility of the mitochondrial DNA markers in genetic diversity studies in sheep
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Luong , Nguyen Nhu Cuong , Ha Huynh Thi Thu
Published: May 2024

Nuclear insertions of mitochondrial DNA sequences (numts) can introduce errors in population genetic studies using mitochondrial DNA markers (mtDNA markers). Despite their prevalence in mammalian genomes and the potential risk of contamination with mtDNA markers, adequate precautions are often overlooked. When investigating the genetic diversity of Vietnam sheep, we found numt contamination in D-loop amplification. Consequentially, to continue, we conducted a comprehensive in silico survey of numts using the reference genomes from the NCBI database. We identified four so-called “mega-numts” that are not only highly similar in sequence to the mitogenome but also span a large part of it, thus posing a serious problem for amplifying authentic mtDNA markers. We demonstrated the existence of two numts in three randomly selected Vietnam sheep individuals. Based on the assumed mutation rate of the D-loop region, we proposed a sequence identity threshold to help distinguish authentic D-loop sequences from their corresponding numts when studying contemporary sheep populations. We hope this study can serve as a guideline for future research into Vietnam sheep using mtDNA markers.
Katecheza integralna jako odpowiedź na kulturę tymczasowości
Authors: Jasnos Andrzej
Published: May 2024

Dominująca współcześnie kultura tymczasowości odrzucająca stałe wartości i normy oraz podporządkowująca wszystko indywidualnej wolności oddziałuje również na proces wychowania człowieka, w tym na proces katechetyczny. Katecheza z natury opiera się na stałych wartościach i celu, jakim jest wierność Bogu i człowiekowi. Adekwatną odpowiedzią na redukujące spojrzenie na człowieka, jego kształcenie i formowanie wydaje się model katechezy integralnej. Model ten uwzględnia całościowe nauczanie i wychowanie w wierze, wychodzące od osoby i sytuacji katechizowanego i ukierunkowujące go na osobistą relację z Bogiem.
Fahrmanöver für Geradeausfahrt
Authors: Kubica Stefan , Peuschke-Bischof Tobias , Müller Belinda , Avci Robin
Published: May 2024

This repository contains various short driving scenarios of our vehicle fleet in 1:14 scale. These are part of our digital learning factory "Wildauer Maschinen Werke" (www.th-wildau.de/wmw) and are used for the development of autonomous driving functions. The data is recorded in the form of Rosbags in the underlying robotic operating system (www.ros.org) and can be played in their own ROS server instances, whereby the recorded journeys of the vehicles can be simulated and used for their own developments. The scenarios contain short driving scenarios with so-called ROS topics. This includes engine and steering control and frontal distance measurements of an ultrasonic sensor. Videos are also provided for each scenario for a better overview. It is the 1st generation. Towards the end of 2020, data sets will follow that additionally contain camera data, GPS coordinates and speed as well as laser scanner data.
Комунікативний вимір формування і просування публічного іміджу держави
Authors:   asyl` Stus Donetsk National University, Нагорняк Тетяна , Польовий Микола ,   asyl` Stus Donetsk National University, Бондаренко Сергій ,   asyl` Stus Donetsk National University, Осмоловська Анна ,   asyl` Stus Donetsk National University
Published: May 2024

Within the framework of the author’s scientific research, three types of communicative models of the world’s states were identified, which reflect the basic principles of building state information policy and reflect the key characteristics of the political system. Among them are subsidiary, vertical, and transitional models. The institutional method was used to prove the specifics of the state as a political institution that is the bearer of national images, as well as the role and degree of influence of public policy on the formation of ideas about the state in the external information space, on the policy of promoting and transforming these images, with an emphasis on the actions of those states that shape the global political discourse of today. The authors propose an integral model of state’s public image formation, which provides for the synergy of actors of public diplomacy. The result of its implementation is the formation of the components of the state image (regional, multicultural, culinary, educational, expert) together with official products (national symbols, reputation characteristics, socio-economic development indicators, rating indicators and e-diplomacy products) «from below». Both the central government and local communities in the context of the implementation of «bottom-up» policy should be involved in the realization of a successful image formation policy. The authors emphasize that the policy of state’s image formation in the external information space should be considered as a multifaceted component of the foreign policy of the state. The tools, channels and subjects of formation and adjustment of the stateʼs image should be embedded in each of the vectors of foreign policy- in security, diplomatic, economic, social, legal, and directly information vectors.
Особливості застосування нормативної сили ЄС для утвердження кліматичних цінностей в Україні
Authors:   Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», Гуцалюк Валерія
Published: May 2024

Intensifying EU authorities’ efforts to overcome the climate crisis, as well as the desire of EU member states to mobilize its neighbours and partners to join them on a green transformation path, once again reaffirms the intention of EU to realize itself as a global promoter of environmental values. Of particular interest is the question of whether the EU could achieve climate neutrality in both Europe and other parts of the world through intensifying its normative power. Taking into account all of the above considerations, the main aim of this article was to determine the peculiarities of the EU’s normative power use in order to establish climate-oriented values in Ukraine by examining three core elements of the normative power concept developed by I. Manners, Professor at Lund University: principles, actions and impact. To achieve this goal, it was essential to consider the key principles of EU environmental policy in the field of climate change, to describe the mechanisms through which the EU promotes them in Ukraine, as well as to determine whether the desired result has been achieved in Ukraine due to EU’s green normative power.