bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VACINAS CONTRA A COVID-19: TECNOLOGIAS E ANÁLISE TÉCNICA DE COMPOSIÇÃO E IMPLICAÇÕES NA IMUNIZAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de , Silveira Dâmaris
Published: July 2021

Desde a detecção e identificação, em dezembro de 2019, do virus SARS-CoV-2, causador da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (COVID-19), houve um imenso esforço mundial de especialistas e cientistas para entender a estrutura organizacional do virus, os processos de propagação e instalação da infecção e, principalmente, mecanismos para impedir sua disseminação e possíveis meios de tratamento da doença. Inicialmente, a mobilização de cientistas ocorreu em torno de possíveis fármacos já utilizados em outras infecções virais e que pudessem interromper ou pelo menos minimizar os marcantes efeitos da infecção no organismo humano, que implicavam em internações em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), sendo muitas vezes letais.
TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: UMA ABORDAGEM SOBRE AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E O ACESSO À SOCIEDADE
Authors: Nicoletti Maria Aparecida , Honda Fernanda Ramaglia
Published: July 2021

Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um conjunto de condições caracterizadas por algum grau de dificuldade no convívio social, na comunicação verbal e não verbal e interesses específicos por algumas atividades realizadas de forma repetitiva. Essas características surgem ainda na infância, tendem a continuar na adolescência e permanecem quando o indivíduo se torna adulto. Devido à sua capacidade de gerar dificuldades ao indivíduo, é preciso avaliar o que a sociedade brasileira, entre outras, está fazendo para facilitar a rotina dessas pessoas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi buscar por políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais relacionados ao TEA. Assim, foi realizada a revisão de leis nacionais e internacionais e consulta de artigos nas bases de dados, como SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science e Science Direct. Em todos os países pesquisados, há o que se evoluir em relação as políticas, bem como a disponibilização de informações aos cidadãos. Ainda, embora o farmacêutico não seja um profissional diretamente relacionado ao tratamento desses pacientes, o primeiro contato da família com uma criança com TEA pode-se dar nas farmácias e/ou Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) espalhadas pelo Brasil, sendo o contato com o médico de acesso mais demorado, devido à complexidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Assim, o farmacêutico precisa estar preparado para aconselhar a família e identificar sinais do TEA na criança. Também é de responsabilidade do farmacêutico integrar um grupo multiprofissional, a fim de elaborar um plano terapêutico para o paciente, avaliar todos os riscos e minimizar seus sintomas.
Perspectiva para el uso del modelo P6 de atención en salud bajo un escenario soportado en IoT y blockchain
Authors: Pava Roberto , Perez Castillo José Nelson , Niño Vasquez Luis Fernando
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Se introduce la tecnología blockchain, incluidas sus principales características. También se discute el modelo de medicina P6 para la atención centrada en el paciente, y se presentan las aplicaciones de la tecnología blockchain como una capa de seguridad e interoperabilidad para dispositivos médicos IoT y sistemas de información hospitalarios.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de las publicaciones registradas en las colecciones bibliográficas de IEEE Xplore y Scopus, con un filtro sobre las publicaciones enfocadas en blockchain, IoT y salud. El análisis de los artículos se enfocó en el planteamiento de un escenario de congruencia funcional de estos tres elementos.
Resultados: Se presentan las aplicaciones de blockchain e IoT para el cuidado integral de la salud, con una esquematización de la interacción de dicha tecnología entre los sistemas de información hospitalarios y los sensores médicos de IoT para la creación de las condiciones necesarias en la implementación de la medicina P6.
Conclusiones: Se identificó la aplicación de la tecnología blockchain como la capa de interoperabilidad necesaria entre sistemas de información hospitalarios, centros de investigación, pacientes, médicos y comunidad interesada; para generar un entorno confiable de flujo de información entre los diferentes actores que dinamice los procesos de investigación y atención en salud.
Protective effect of Acampe praemorsa (Roxb.) Blatt. & McCann against oxidative stress
Authors: Kumar U Praveen , Rao GSN Koteswara , Reddy A Rajasekhar , Umasankar K , Vangoori Y
Published: July 2021

The current study was carried to make available phytochemical information and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Acampe praemorsa (Roxb.) Blatt. & McCann. The phytochemical analysis was carried out using procedures and quantified phenolic and alkaloid contents. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The In-vitro antioxidant activity was carried on free radicals such as superoxide, hydroxyl DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, evaluation of reducing power. In-vivo study was carried on albino Wistar rats with different doses of extracts. The results provide that, A. praemorsa extracts have diversified phytochemicals in extracts like steroids, alkaloids, phenolics, glycosides, oils, quinones, tannins etc. The hydroalcoholic extract has more phenolic (26.80±0.51) and alkaloid (20.59±0.22) contents. The antioxidant activity results provide information that the extracts possess concentration dependent activity on tested free radicals. The hydroalcoholic extract has more protective nature against superoxide, DPPH, H2O2 free radicals and reducing power but ethyl acetate extract has more potential against hydroxyl free radical than hydroalcoholic extract. The extracts were found to be safe on toxic studies and In-vivo study results and they play significant role in controlling the oxidative enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde) in the body. Thus, it was determined that A. praemorsa have potential bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.
Study of the Langat virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase through homology modeling
Authors: Diakou Kalliopi Io , Mitsis Thanasis , Pierouli Katerina , Papakonstantinou Eleni , Megalooikonomou Vasileios , Efthimiadou Aspasia , Vlachakis Dimitrios
Published: July 2021

Langat virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family and a close relative of a group of important tick-borne viruses that cause human encephalitis. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is a significant component of the replication mechanism of the Flaviviridae viral family. In the present work, a three-dimensional model of the Langat virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase was designed through homology modeling. The experimentally determined structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Dengue virus type II, another member of the same viral family, was employed as template for the homology modeling process. The resulting model underwent a series of optimisations and its quality was verified using the Verify3D algorithm. Important functional characteristics of the family of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases were identified in the generated model, thus affirming the potential for its use in the possible design of anti-viral agents for Langat virus.
A Composite Model for Predicting the Coefficient of Thermal Contraction for Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
Authors: Keshavarzi Behrooz , Mocelin Douglas , Richard Kim Y.
Published: July 2021

Thermal cracking is one of the most prevalent types of distress found in asphalt concrete pavement sections. The coefficient of thermal contraction (CTC) is the intrinsic parameter that determines the thermal contraction of asphalt mixtures subjected to temperature drop. Thus, thermal stress and associated thermal damage are greatly affected by the CTC of the mixture. The direct measurement of a mixture’s CTC is the most reliable and at the same time cumbersome method for predicting the thermal contraction of asphaltic mixtures. In this study, for Level I analysis, we measured the CTCs of mixtures that have a wide range of properties and reported the data. In order to remedy the difficulties associated with directly measuring CTC, we herein propose a simple yet accurate composite model. The suggested approach enables pavement engineers to predict CTC values as the temperature drops. The formulation requires the mixture’s volumetric properties, elastic modulus, and CTC of the aggregate a priori. With regard to binder, the formulation requires the CTC and relaxation modulus as input parameters. This procedure constitutes the Level II analysis for which the binder CTC is required beforehand. A database that constitutes a basis for estimating binder CTC was developed from measurements reported in the literature. The database can be used to fill the value for binder CTC in the developed composite model for the sake of predicting mixture CTC. This procedure constitutes Level III analysis. Levels II and III only differ with respect to the input value for binder CTC. The CTC values from the measurements and predicted from the composite model (Levels II and III) are compared. In order to fully understand the effects of Level II and III errors in estimating mixture CTCs, we also compared the thermal stress obtained from the predicted and measured CTCs.
Comparisons of Caustics and Strain Gauge Methods for Determining Mixed Mode Fracture Toughness of PMMA
Authors: Song Yao , Yue Zhongwen
Published: July 2021

Both caustics and the strain gauge methods are considered to be effective approaches to study material mixed mode fracture toughness. However, not many studies have recorded quantitative comparisons between these two methods. In this paper, three-point-bend tests are conducted using caustics and the strain gauge method simultaneously to determine the critical mixed mode stress intensity factors of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens. The mixed mode fracture toughness is then derived by employing both methods for a thorough comparison and analysis. Besides, the J-integral method in ABAQUS simulation software is also employed for a further illustration of these two methods. According to the results, there is a similar changing trend in toughness calculated by caustics and the strain gauge method when there is an increase in a/b ratio (a is the crack length; b is the specimen width) of PMMA specimens. The differences in terms of mixed mode fracture toughness values between these two methods are quite narrow. Besides, in comparison to KIc, the variations of KIIc obtained by both methods are shown to change drastically as the a/b ratio of the specimen increases. Additionally, by analyzing and comparing these two methods, it is found that the caustic method is more sensitive when measuring the mixed mode fracture toughness, whereas the strain gauge method can satisfy a rough and quick need for calculating key fracture parameters.
V. I. Lenin on the “Woman Question”
Authors: Pateman Joe
Published: July 2021

In his writings and speeches Lenin showed considerable interest in the “Woman Question.” He argued, first, that the exploitation of female labor performs a central function in the development of capitalism. He claimed that women are “doubly oppressed,” since they lack equality in both the legal–political and domestic spheres. Second, Lenin endorsed the women's rights movement. He called for universal suffrage, criticized prostitution, and supported the struggle for freedom of divorce and abortion. At the same time, he sought to highlight the limits of female liberation under capitalism. Third, Lenin connected the emancipation of women with the construction of socialism and communism. In Soviet Russia he pushed for the equalization of male and female rights. He called for the mass participation of women in politics and economic administration. He planned the socialization of domestic labor and the abolition of household slavery. Under socialism, Lenin argued, women would emancipate themselves.
Quality assessment of some baryte ores in Benue state area, Nigeria for oilfield drilling
Authors: Oahimire Debrah Memshima , Ukaegbu Victor Uchechi , Ogbonna Joel Friday
Published: July 2021

The massive exploration and production well drillings in Nigerian oilfield indicate the demand for drilling fluid supplements such as baryte, in managing over-pressured formations and preventing hazardous blowouts. The underdevelopment of Nigerian solid minerals has created a wide gap between the demand and supply of the local resource, whereas there exist some assertions that the Nigerian baryte quality is below the American Petroleum Institute, API, standard. This study aimed at testing and evaluating qualitatively, based on API standards, some baryte ores from the Benue area, Nigeria, to establish their usefulness or otherwise in oilfield drilling operations. General field studies and sampling with laboratory studies were done including flame tests, X-ray Diffraction and X-ray fluorescence, to confirm mineralogy and chemical compositions of the barytes respectively and very importantly, the API tests prescribed for drilling grade barytes were carried out. The results showed impressive quality barytes with a specific gravity range from 4.10 to 4.49 and concentration of alkaline earth metals as calcium, Ca, 20mg/kg to 48mg/kg, particle sizes processed within API standard requirement, and the weight percentage of BaSO4 composition of the ores ranged from 93.55% to 99.61%. There were no significant impurities of threat such as carbonates, iron ores, silicates and sulphides. The estimation of reserves and proper development of the resource is highly recommended as the quantity and quality might enhance the sustainability of local drilling grade baryte supply and save Nigeria the current huge capital flight and other plights
Business knowledge absorptive capacity in micro and small innovative enterprises
Authors:   Faculty of Management, University of Lodz, Stawasz Edward
Published: July 2021

Purpose – The aim of the presented article is to assess the impact of the capacity to absorb business advice on the improvement of business knowledge, and indirectly, on raising the level of strategic and operational management in micro and small innovative enterprises using business advice services. Research method – A review of the literature on examining the specificity of knowledge and management development in enterprises, the role of business advice and the capacity to absorb knowledge in this process. The second part of the article presents the results of the empirical research carried out using the CATI technique on a sample of 400 micro and small innovative Polish enterprises using business advice services. Results – The use of business advice services and the level of knowledge absorptive capacity increase the level of business knowledge of managers. The capacity to absorb knowledge positively moderates the impact of business advice on the level of business knowledge of managers, and, consequently, on the level of strategic and operational management. Originality /value – The research confirms the influence of the capacity to absorb knowledge on the level of knowledge of managers. Improving the level of knowledge and business management requires the use of business advice as well as the capacity to absorb knowledge.
Unha casa para Lupe Gómez: espazo, afecto e memoria en Camuflaxe (2017)
Authors: Costas Gisella
Published: July 2021

Camuflaxe, publicado e recoñecido en 2017 co Premio da Crítica Española, é un dos últimos libros de poemas escrito pola autora galega Lupe Gómez. Nas súas páxinas, que abordan temas tan íntimos como a infancia, a casa familiar ou os lazos materno-filiais, está latente o compromiso dunha conciencia literaria que busca representar os custos da perda e da destrución tanto da terra como dos modos de vida vencellados ao rural galego. Con este propósito, a autora artella un poemario no que se cruzan os afectos e a memoria, tanto colectiva como privada, no espazo da perifieria galega, elementos que serán analizados a fin de comprender a maneira na que se relacionan e constrúen o ambiente que envolve os poemas. En definitiva, Lupe Gómez sérvese da palabra poética como lugar de memoria para denunciar unha realidade marcada pola inxustiza social dando lugar, deste xeito, a un discurso poético de resistencia.
A materialidade do libro na creación de espazos figurados en EL gran hotel Wes Anderson, de Nuria Díaz
Authors: G-Pedreira Rocío
Published: July 2021

El gran hotel Wes Anderson (2018) é un libro-informativo da autoría da ilustradora galega Nuria Díaz que experimenta coa materialidade a partir da creación de espazos figurados que xogan co rol do lector como hóspede dun hotel, cuxas estancias pode ir recorrendo páxina a páxina. A través delas coñecerá a vida e obra do cineasta Wes Anderson, así como os trazos máis característicos do seu labor profesional, mediante informacións explicadas con claridade e moi coidadas a nivel estético, dándolle especial protagonismo ao compoñente visual. O obxectivo deste traballo é analizar a maneira na que toma forma a proposta a través da análise textual e compositiva do libro, prestándolle especial atención á súa natureza en canto libro-obxecto e á función dos paratextos, para rematar reflexionando sobre como a súa forma e contido o achegan ou distancian do público infantil, xuvenil ou adulto.
Eradicate Social Poverty through Developing Educational Technology
Authors: Zhou Longjun
Published: July 2021

Poverty is a complex social problem. According to Rowntree (1902) and Reynolds (1971), poverty is a multi-faceted, dynamic, and complex aggregate, which is related to economic, social, cultural and other factors. In the historical process of humankind’s continuous struggle with poverty, eliminating various factors that form poverty, especially the ability factors that restrict individual development, including education, health, etc., so as to finally solves the problem of poverty is the ultimate goal of anti-poverty. Among them, education, as a fundamental measure to improve the feasible ability of individuals, is considered to be a key factor in eliminating poverty and promoting social development and progress (Tilak, 2002).
Las lenguas ístmicas: entre obsolescencia y resistencia
Authors: Quesada Pacheco Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

Se analiza la situación actual y perspectivas de estudio y protección de dos lenguas indígenas ístmicas, de la familia chibcha: el boruca y el guaymí. A su caracterización genealógica y estado de conservación, se añaden las experiencias realizadas a favor de su conservación: además, se formulan propuestas para estimular nuevos trabajos que fortalezcan ese patrimoniocultural y lingüístico regional.An analysis is conducted of the present situation and prospects for the study and protection of two Central American indigenous languages in the Chibcha family: Boruca and Guaymi. In addition to their genealogical characterization and their state of conservation, a description is provided of the efforts made to conserve them; proposals are also made to foment new research which could fortify this cultural and linguistic regional heritage.
Recepción y traducción en alemán de Mamita Yunai, de Carlos Luis Fallas
Authors: Vega Cernuda Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

Se plantea la doble tipología entre una literatura marcada (la nacional) y una neutra (universalista) y sus posibles aplicaciones desde el punto de vista traductológico. Se exploran las dificultades y potencialidad de la traducción de las letras costarricenses, a partir del caso de una novela paradigmática costarricense (Mamita Yunai, de C. L. Fallas), su traducción y recepción en alemán. Mediante un análisis detenido de oportunos ejemplos, se explican aspectos esenciales del proceso traductológico. El rasgo central de este análisis es mostrar el binomio entre la neutralización (en su traducción) del discurso literario y el rescate de sus rasgos discursivos distintivos (del texto original).A double typology is posed between marked (national) and neutral (universal) Iiterature, and its possible applications from a translation standpoint. The difficulties and potential are explored for the translation of Costa Rican literature, starting with the case of a paradigmatic novel (Mamita Yunai, by C. L. Fallas), its translation and its reception in German. Through a detailed analysis of illustrative examples, essential aspects of the translation process are explained. The main objective of this analysis is to illustrate the issue of neutralization (in the translation) of literary discourse or conservation of distinctive discursive features (from the original text).
Historia y proyecciones de una revista dedicada a la palabra
Authors: Gapper Sherry E. , Vargas Gómez Francisco Javier
Published: July 2021

A systematic account is provided of an academic initiative of the School of Languages and Literatures (Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica): the establishment, publication and maintenance of the journal Letras, founded in 1979. Reference is made to an experience which in time went beyond publishing on literature and linguistics; a description is provided of what has been achieved with the participation of many throughout the years; attention is also given to what can be achieved in the future, when conceived as a permanent projection of university action.
Normas que regulan la gestión de clases virtuales de matemáticas en el contexto COVID-19
Authors: Peña Cristina N. , Pino-Fan Luis R. , Assis Adriana
Published: July 2021

El estudio de las normas que regulan la gestión de clases y negociación de aprendizajes es uno de los temas que ha sido de interés para la comunidad de investigación en educación matemática. En la actualidad, en el contexto de virtualidad motivado por la pandemia por Covid-19, es necesario estudiar el tipo de normas que emergen y regulan las interacciones que se suscitan en las clases de matemáticas. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de un estudio en el que se caracterizan las normas que regulan la gestión de clases de geometría, de enseñanza media, las cuales se desarrollan de forma virtual. Como referente teórico se considera el modelo de análisis didáctico que propone el enfoque ontosemiótico (EOS) y, particularmente, las nociones de prácticas del profesor de matemáticas y el sistema de clasificación de normas. La investigación se desarrolla desde un paradigma cualitativo-naturalista, dado que se analizan dos clases sobre relaciones métricas en las circunferencias, impartidas a estudiantes chilenos de tercero de enseñanza media (15-16 años). Como conclusión, se logran caracterizar las normas que regulan los procesos de interacción en un aula virtual, se muestra la adaptabilidad de docentes en un contexto excepcional-virtual de clases, donde instaura normas y las cambia cuando es necesario para garantizar la optimización de los aprendizajes de sus estudiantes.
Memoria y representación de la illa andina en los documentos de la colonia
Authors: Mautino Guillén Alejandro Giancarlo
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación aborda la representación cósmica de la illa andina y sus discursos en diversos documentos de la colonia. El marco teórico que empleamos es interdisciplinario, pues utilizamos la teoría literaria (vinculada a la categoría de representación) y la antropología (vinculada a la naturaleza del concepto de illa en el mundo prehispánico). Nuestra metodología empleará un análisis textual integrador que subraye la función del elemento lingüístico, cultural y social del texto. Así, desarrollamos tres secciones fundamentales en nuestro artículo: en primer lugar, indagamos sobre el concepto de representación para posteriormente concentrarnos en los textos coloniales; en segundo lugar, nos detenemos en las dinámicas de tensión de la illa andina a partir de estos documentos y, finalmente, observaremos la noción de la memoria comunicativa y la memoria cultural en los documentos de la colonia donde aparece representada la illa andina.
La mujer liberada de la dominación masculina en Algunas mentiras y otros cuentos de Daniel Gonzales
Authors: Bañez Gamarra Eli Jeferson
Published: July 2021

En el presente trabajo se analiza el libro Algunas mentiras y otros cuentos de Daniel Gonzales Rosales, específicamente los cuatro primeros relatos de la primera sección y todos los microrrelatos de la segunda. Ello debido a que los cuentos mantienen unidad temática e intencionalidad. De acuerdo a la hipótesis que nos planteamos, en el libro los personajes femeninos evidencian actitudes de resistencia e incluso subvierten la violencia simbólica, hasta lograr su liberación. De manera que se contrastan las ideas de la dominación masculina y la violencia simbólica, según las propuestas de Pierre Bourdieu, con la resistencia y la subversión que los personajes femeninos manifiestan.
La configuración del paisaje andino en el discurso poético del vanguardismo puneño
Authors: Quispe Mendivil Yoselin
Published: July 2021

.En el presente trabajo de investigación se tiene como objetivo comparar las similitudes y diferencias respecto a la configuración del paisajeandino en el poema “balsas matinales”, de Ande (1926), de AlejandroPeralta frente a “Yaraví Titicaca”, de Altipampa (1933), de Emilio Vásquez. Este estudio postula que en el discurso poético de Peralta sereivindica de forma más marcada la importancia de las actividades cotidianas del hombre andino como la pesca, el pastoreo, la agricultura,la ganadería, el andinismo y las fiestas patronales andinas. Por otrolado, en el discurso poético de Vázquez se utilizan, en mayor medida,las categorías pampa y lago para indicar la influencia de estos paisajesen la subjetividad del hombre andino. Para realizar el estudio, se utilizan los marcos teóricos de la Retórica y la Literatura comparada y, porello, se siguen los lineamientos de Arduini (2000) y Steiner (1978-1992),respectivamente.
Disciplina, vigilancia y pulsión libidinal en la escuela: La mirada invisible (2010)
Authors: De Taboada Amat y León Javier
Published: July 2021

Este artículo analiza la película La mirada invisible (2010), dirigida por Diego Lerman, basada en la novela Ciencias Morales de MartínKohan. La película se centra en la labor de vigilancia de una preceptora del Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires durante la dictadura de ElProceso. Consideramos que el microcosmos representado en la película funciona como una metonimia de la sociedad disciplinaria en que se había convertido la Argentina durante la dictadura;, exponiendo cómo la estructura represiva permea a todas las instituciones sociales, particularmente la escuela. La protagonista de la película, sin embargo, en su esmero por ejercer su labor de vigilancia y control, descubre también el espacio libidinal de la pulsión. Finalmente, exploraremos también la construcción del espacio representado en la película, con sus características de monumentalidad y verticalidad.
Principales influencias de las novelas de space opera en el Perú durante el siglo XXI
Authors: De la Torre Paredes Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad comprender las principales influencias de las novelas enmarcadas en el subgénero de la ciencia ficción conocido como space opera producido en el Perú durante el siglo XXI. Para tal fin, se analizan 16 obras de siete autores distintos, publicados de 2000 a 2019. Estas obras son estudiadas desde su planteamiento ficcional, como muestra de una tradición literaria que empieza a forjarse en el Perú. Asimismo, se explorarán los lazos comunicantes entre las distintas obras, relacionados, principalmente, con representaciones de la cultura popular con matices generacionales.
La dimensión ideológica en los cuentos del primer número de la revista Narración (1966)
Authors: Ramos Badillo Víctor
Published: July 2021

En el siguiente artículo se analizará los cuentos que componen el primer número de la revista Narración (1966) con el propósito de visualizar las problematizaciones ideológicas que trae consigo sobre la crítica marxista asumida por los miembros de la revista. Si bien el grupo Narración puso de relieve un movimiento político-reivindicativo de las clases desfavorecidas en las páginas de su revista, en la sección dedicada a la ficción, los cuentos publicados manifiestan distintas tendencias narrativas que no se limitan a plantear una representación mecánica de la lucha de clases, sino una diferente localización del conflicto de clases y también sus implicancias simbólicas o políticas. Para este objetivo, se utilizará el concepto de ideología aplicado a la forma literaria, lo cual permitirá establecer los límites y contradicciones que subsisten en el proceso narrativo del cuento.
El wakcha héroe o migrante como chakana: una propuesta de clasificación
Authors: Valle Araujo John Harvey
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo propone una clasificación del wakcha héroe o migrante en el seno del universo andino, caracterizado por las manifestaciones de una racionalidad mítica propia de las culturas no occidentales. En tal sentido, se recurre a los estudios interdisciplinarios de la tradición oral andina para describir primero la cosmovisión particular del personaje y proponer luego la clasificación de este a partir de su experiencia migratoria. Con ese propósito, se describe, en primer lugar, algunos aspectos propios del universo andino que se corresponden con una visión cíclica del tiempo, cuyo desequilibrio obliga al desplazamiento poblacional. En segundo lugar, se presentan los atributos del wakcha héroe o migrante, en tanto elemento de un todo interrelacionado, según es propio de su cosmovisión, y se establece su rol de chakana en su proceso de rearticulación de su universo. Por último, como resultado de esta investigación, se determina la pertinencia de una propuesta clasificatoria de la categoría wakcha héroe o migrante que toma en cuenta su destino migratorio.
Apuntes teóricos sobre el rol del lector en la microficción integrada
Authors: Galindo Rojas Percy
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo se analiza el rol del lector en la microficción integrada (MI), una modalidad textual fronteriza que incorpora dos formas discursivas de relativo reciente interés crítico: la microficción, un hiperónimo que engloba a textos breves y brevísimos de variada forma, y los textos integrados, las series o colecciones de textos breves que debido a nexos comunes de forma y/o fondo ofrecen la posibilidad de ser leídos en forma conjunta o independiente.
Fast fixed-time synchronization of T–S fuzzy complex networks
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhao Lingli , Zhang Wanli , Yang Xinsong , Alsaadi Fuad E.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, fast fixed-time (FDT) synchronization of T–S fuzzy (TSF) complex networks (CNs) is considered. The given control schemes can make the CNs synchronize with the given isolated system more fleetly than the most of existing results. By constructing comparison system and applying new analytical techniques, sufficient conditions are established to derive fast FDT synchronization speedily. In order to give some comparisons, FDT synchronization of the considered CNs is also presented by designing FDT fuzzy controller. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our new results.
БЮДЖЕТНІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ ЩОДО ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ВАКЦИНАЦІЇ ПРОТИ COVID-19 В УМОВАХ РОЗВИТКУ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО РИНКУ ВАКЦИН
Authors: ГЕЄЦЬ Валерій , ЛУНІНА Інна , СТЕПАНОВА Олена
Published: July 2021

Оцінено бюджетні можливості України щодо проведення вакцинації проти COVID-19 в умовах становлення нового глобального ринку вакцин. Розкрито засади сучасного етапу формування глобального ринку вакцин проти COVID-19. Визначено передумови формування глобального дефіциту вакцин проти COVID-19, які спричинені, передусім, обмеженнями і глобальною нестачею виробничих потужностей вакцин і дефіцитом сировини та компонентів для їх виробництва. Виявлено фактори формування політики ціноутворення на сучасному глобальному ринку вакцин проти COVID-19, основними з яких є: невизначеність і широкий діапазон встановлених виробниками цін на вакцини; високий рівень конкуренції між виробниками вакцин і боротьба за захоплення більшого сегмента глобального ринку; гостра конкуренція між державами за доступ до потенційно необхідного обсягу доз вакцин. Показано розрив у доступі до вакцин проти COVID-19 у розвинутих країнах і країнах, які розвиваються, що поглиблює нерівність між ними в плані постпандемічного економічного відновлення. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що повільна і нерівномірна вакцинація проти COVID-19 зумовлює втрати ВВП як у розвинутих країнах, так і в країнах, що розвиваються. Розглянуто один з підходів міжнародних інституцій, застосування якого на практиці може сприяти подоланню глобального дефіциту вакцин і стимулювати їх виробництво, а саме тимчасова відмова від захисту інтелектуальної власності та патентів на вакцини проти COVID-19. Доведено необхідність збільшення бюджетних можливостей для проведення вакцинації проти COVID-19 в Україні з метою досягнення колективного імунітету і захисту різних груп населення.
БЮДЖЕТНИЙ ДЕФІЦИТ І ФІНАНСУВАННЯ КРИТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: КУДРЯШОВ Василь
Published: July 2021

Уточнено підходи щодо застосування дефіцитного бюджетного фінансування в проведенні фіскальної політики. Зроблено висновки, що аналіз дефіциту, що міститься в працях вітчизняних науковців, недостатньо враховує зміни обсягу і структури витрат, а також їх впливи на економічний і фінансовий розвиток країни. Зазначено, що внаслідок застосування механізмів дефіцитного бюджетного фінансування зростають видатки не тільки на обслуговування запозичень. Не менш важливого значення набувають і витрати, що направляються на фінансування погашення накопиченої заборгованості. Для їх покриття залучаються доходи недержавного бюджету, а кошти, отримані на основі розміщення додаткових запозичень або залучення ресурсу шляхом проведення операцій з державними активами. У період подолання викликів пандемії COVID-19 додаткові видатки бюджетів направляються переважно на забезпечення критичних послуг. Визначено фактори, що впливають на залучення додаткового ресурсу (з метою фінансування бюджетного дефіциту): доступ до ринків капіталу, рівень дохідності державних запозичень, динаміка макроекономічних показників, можливості проведення операцій з державними активами. Важливою умовою фінансування дефіциту бюджету є недопущення руйнівних впливів таких операцій на динаміку макроекономічних і фінансових показників країни. У розвинутих країнах утримання низьких процентних ставок значно зменшило негативні впливи від зведення бюджету з дефіцитом. Зроблено висновки, що в Україні утримування високої дохідності державних боргових інструментів посилює ризики проведення таких операцій. У період подолання наслідків пандемії доцільно переглянути чинні фіскальні правила і застосовувати спеціальні заходи щодо їх відновлення після подолання її наслідків.
Ruderal vegetation of Kyiv City. I. Class Stellarietea mediae Tx. et al. in Tx. 1950
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dubyna D.V. , Iemelianova S.M. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dziuba T.P. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yeremenko N.S. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tymoshenko P.A. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2021

This article, which is the first contribution in a series on the ruderal vegetation of the city of Kyiv, presents results of our studies of Stellarietea mediae plant communities occurring in the city. Their current state and phytocoenotic diversity has been determined. Based on modern methods of statistical data analyses, a classification scheme of Stellarietea mediae vegetation in the study area was developed and the leading factors of territorial and ecological differentiation of phytocoenoses were identified. It has been established that within Kyiv City, this class is represented by 24 associations and 3 basal communities belonging to 8 alliances and 4 orders. Their territorial distribution determines the types and intensity of anthropogenic disturbances, as well as the types of soil and its mechanical structure. Selected syntaxa are characterized and compared with their equivalents from other areas of Ukraine. It has been found that the main differences are at the level of co-occurring species, the composition of which mostly correlates with the types of anthropogenic disturbances and availability of water and mineral nutrients. According to the results of the ordination, it has been found that the distribution patterns of plant communities of Stellarietea mediae occur along the salt regime gradient of the edaphotope, as well as of ombro-, cryo-, and thermal regimes of the climate. Based on the phytoindication analysis, the ecological optimums of the plant communities in relation to the leading ecological factors were determined. The performed research supplements the available information about the presence and distribution of such associations as: Digitarietum ischaemii, Setario viridis-Erigeronetum canadensis, and Ambrosietum artemisiifoliae, in the territory of Ukraine. The proposed syntaxonomic scheme should become a basis of typological developments for strategic planning and practical implementation of activities for optimizing the urban environment and for sustainable development of the Kyiv urban agglomeration.
Physiologic Monitor Alarm Burden and Nurses’ Subjective Workload in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Rasooly Irit R. , Kern-Goldberger Andrew S. , Xiao Rui , Ponnala Siddarth , Ruppel Halley , Luo Brooke , Craig Sansanee , Khan Amina , McLoone Melissa , Ferro Daria , Muthu Naveen , Won James , Bonafide Christopher P.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Physiologic monitor alarms occur at high rates in children’s hospitals; ≤1% are actionable. The burden of alarms has implications for patient safety and is challenging to measure directly. Nurse workload, measured by using a version of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) validated among nurses, is a useful indicator of work burden that has been associated with patient outcomes. A recent study revealed that 5-point increases in the NASA-TLX score were associated with a 22% increased risk in missed nursing care. Our objective was to measure the relationship between alarm count and nurse workload by using the NASA-TLX.

METHODS

We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study of pediatric nurses in a tertiary care children’s hospital to measure the association between NASA-TLX workload evaluations (using the nurse-validated scale) and alarm count in the 2 hours preceding NASA-TLX administration. Using a multivariable mixed-effects regression accounting for nurse-level clustering, we modeled the adjusted association of alarm count with workload.

RESULTS

The NASA-TLX score was assessed in 26 nurses during 394 nursing shifts over a 2-month period. In adjusted regression models, experiencing >40 alarms in the preceding 2 hours was associated with a 5.5 point increase (95% confidence interval 5.2 to 5.7; P < .001) in subjective workload.

CONCLUSION

Alarm count in the preceding 2 hours is associated with a significant increase in subjective nurse workload that exceeds the threshold associated with increased risk of missed nursing care and potential patient harm.
Resource Use During Pediatric Venipuncture With Virtual Reality: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Canares Therese L. , Parrish Carisa , Santos Christine , Badawi Alia , Stewart Alyssa , Kleinman Keith , Psoter Kevin J. , McGuire Joseph F.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES

Virtual reality (VR) therapy is growing in use and popularity during pediatric medical procedures. Currently, data that describe the hospital resources used during pediatric procedures with off-the-shelf VR games that are not tailored to medical procedures are lacking. In this study, we aimed to characterize procedural resources associated with VR use during venipuncture in a pediatric emergency department.

METHODS

This was a secondary analysis of a 2-arm randomized, controlled pilot trial with an external group. Resource use was evaluated in 3 groups: child life (CL)-supported VR engagement, CL support without VR, and a reference group that received no intervention (ie, no CL and no VR).

RESULTS

The study sample (N = 55) included the following: 15 patients randomly assigned to VR, 20 patients randomly assigned to CL, and 20 patients in the reference group. There was a significant difference in procedure duration, with the VR group exhibiting the longest duration compared with the CL and reference groups (P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS

Longer procedure times associated with VR use during venipunctures (4–6 minutes on average) may be attributed to pauses to troubleshoot VR games not tailored for medical procedures. Although they are inexpensive and accessible, nontailored VR games may warrant the need for dedicated staff to provide restraint and/or assistance to navigate the VR application. In this study, we offer a protocol on the application of nontailored VR games for pediatric procedures. For those considering a VR program in an inpatient setting, the benefits of pain/anxiety reduction must be weighed against the resources needed, including device costs, staff availability, and increased procedure duration.
National Trends of Acute Osteomyelitis and Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Children
Authors: Shaikh Nadia , Umscheid Jacob , Rizvi Syed , Bhatt Parth , Vasudeva Rhythm , Yagnik Priyank , Bhatt Neel , Donda Keyur , Dapaah-Siakwan Frederick
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES

Although a growing body of evidence suggests that early transition to oral antimicrobial therapy is equally efficacious to prolonged intravenous antibiotics for treatment of acute pediatric osteomyelitis, little is known about the pediatric trends in peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placements. Using a national database, we examined incidence rates of pediatric hospitalizations for acute osteomyelitis in the United States from 2007 through 2016, as well as the trends in PICC placement, length of stay (LOS), and cost associated with these hospitalizations.

METHODS

This was a retrospective, serial cross-sectional study of the National Inpatient Sample database from 2007 through 2016. Patients ≤18 years of age with acute osteomyelitis were identified by using appropriate diagnostic codes. Outcomes measured included PICC placement rate, LOS, and inflation-adjusted hospitalization costs. Weighted analysis was reported, and a hierarchical regression model was used to analyze predictors.

RESULTS

The annual incidence of acute osteomyelitis increased from 1.0 to 1.8 per 100 000 children from 2007 to 08 to 2015 to 16 (P < .0001), whereas PICC placement rates decreased from 58.8% to 5.9% (P < .0001). Overall, changes in LOS and inflation-adjusted hospital costs were not statistically significant. PICC placements and sepsis were important predictors of increased LOS and hospital costs.

CONCLUSIONS

Although PICC placement rates for acute osteomyelitis significantly decreased in the face of increased incidence of acute osteomyelitis in children, LOS and hospital costs for all hospitalizations remained stable. However, patients receiving PICC placements had longer LOS. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term outcomes of reduced PICC use.
The Potential for Improving the Population Health Effectiveness of Screening: A Simulation Study
Authors: Gardner William , Bevans Katherine , Kelleher Kelly J.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Screening interventions in pediatric primary care often have limited effects on patients’ health. Using simulation, we examined what conditions must hold for screening to improve population health outcomes, using screening for depression in adolescence as an example.

METHODS

Through simulation, we varied parameters describing the working recognition and treatment of depression in primary care. The outcome measure was the effect of universal screening on adolescent population mental health, expressed as a percentage of the maximum possible effect. Through simulations, we randomly selected parameter values from the ranges of possible values identified from studies of care delivery in real-world pediatric settings.

RESULTS

We examined the comparative effectiveness of universal screening over assessment as usual in 10 000 simulations. Screening achieved a median of 4.2% of the possible improvement in population mental health (average: 4.8%). Screening had more impact on population health with a higher sensitivity of the screen, lower false-positive rate, higher percentage screened, and higher probability of treatment, given the recognition of depression. However, even at the best levels of each of these parameters, screening usually achieved <10% of the possible effect.

CONCLUSIONS

The many points at which the mental health care delivery process breaks down limit the population health effects of universal screening in primary care. Screening should be evaluated in the context of a realistic model of health care system functioning. We need to identify health care system structures and processes that strengthen the population effectiveness of screening or consider alternate solutions outside of primary care.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Wisata Religi di Kabupaten Gresik (Studi Wisata Makam Sunan Giri dan Situs Giri Kedaton)
Authors: Hariyoko Yusuf , Soesiantoro Adi , Pangestuti Revi Pravira
Published: July 2021

Implementation of Regional Regulation No. 16 of 2013 concerning the Gresik Regency Regional Tourism Development Master Plan for 2013-2025. This research uses descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection data in research using interview techniques, observation, and documentation. To evaluate or assess the success of this religious tourism development policy using several theories from Daniel Stufflebeam: context evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation, product evaluation. From the results of this study notes that the success of religious tourism development policies in Gresik Regency, especially in the Sunan Giri Tomband Kediri Giri Site has not been fully successful optimally because of differences in visits and tourism interests between the Sunan Giri Tomband Kedaton Giri Site due to the lack of promotion of Giri Site tourism Kedaton. One solution that can be recommended by researchers at the Gresik Regency's Office of Tourism and Culture is to increase efforts to promote the Giri Kedaton Site as anattractive destination in Gresik Regency.
The Practice of Village Governance: Comparing traditional form of Desa and Cultural Form of Nagari
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Indonesia has been implementing a more in-depth decentralisation system encouraging village governance since 2014. Since then, village governments have been given more autonomy on governing village fund to further encourage village development. This paper aims to compare two forms of village (desa and nagari) in terms of the practice of village governance. Using Lowndes and Sullivan’s framework of neighbourhood governance, this study suggests all types of neighbourhood governance has been practiced in both forms. Although village government type is more significant in both forms, the social rationale is more significant in nagari because of the cultural aspect. Furthermore, this paper seeks to identify the potentials and challenges of village governance.  This is mainly based on the comparation of the implementation of village governance in both forms of village.