bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dörtlü ve beşli sarmal üniversite-sanayi iş birliği modelleri
Authors: Keskin Halit , Ovalı Esra
Published: March 2022

Çalışmanın temel amacı, üçlü sarmal üniversite-sanayi iş birliği modelinin uzantısı olan dörtlü ve beşli sarmal modelleri inovasyon, sanat, yaratıcılık, çevre ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma boyutlarında açıklamaktır. Bu noktada üniversite-sanayi iş birliği modellerine yönelik öneriler, üçlü, dörtlü ve beşli sarmal inovasyon modelleri arasındaki ilişkiler ve sarmalların sürdürülebilirliğe katkıları ortaya koyulmuştur. Böylelikle üniversite, sanayi ve devlet iş birliğinde şekillenen üçlü sarmal model, medya ve kültür odaklı halk (sivil toplum) sarmalının dahil olmasıyla dörtlü sarmal inovasyon modeline dönüşmüştür. Bu kapsamda üçlü sarmal üç taraflı ağları ve hibrit örgütleri vurgularken, dörtlü sarmal sistem firmalar, kurumlar ve paydaşlar çerçevesinde iç içe geçmiş iş birliklerine, birlikte evrime ve uzmanlaşmaya odaklanmıştır. Dörtlü sarmal inovasyon sisteminde sanat ve inovasyonun birlikte evrimi bilgi üretimi ve inovasyon için merkezi bir rol üstlenmiştir. Beşli sarmal inovasyon modeli ise dörtlü sarmallara toplumun doğal çevresinin/çevrelerinin eklenmesiyle oluşmuştur. Bilgi, uzmanlık, inovasyon ve ekolojiyi disiplinlerarası çerçevede birleştiren beşli sarmal yaklaşım, sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı gerçekleştirmektedir.
Effect of bee propolis as a hypoglycemic agent and diabetes control
Authors: Grosso Guillermo Salamanca , Osorio Tangarife Monica Patricia
Published: March 2022

Propolis is a natural product derived from plant resins collected by honey bees. This natural product has been used in folk medicine for centuries. The main chemical classes present in propolis are phenols, flavonoids are well-known plant compounds with biological activity properties, including anti glycemic effect. This study tested the impact of Colombian propolis as a regulating agent of glucose concerning metabolic activity on 45 healthy young people of two sexes aged between 17 and 24 years and five men as volunteers with a medical declaration of hyperglycemia was considered. The metabolic conditions for glucose were evaluated in pre-and postprandial conditions besides the blood group and the arterial pressure. The work was carried out in three different stages that included the characterization of total equivalent flavonoids present in an ethanolic fraction of propolis, in a second phase, the glycemia curves in a group of volunteers that were evaluated, and in the final phase, a regulatory effect of EEP on blood glucose. Equivalent total flavonoids in propolis samples were evaluated, and samples from Cucaita were used as an antihyperglycemic test. Fasting glucose levels in the studied population was of 82,3 ± 7,10 mg dL-1, which conform to a normal distribution and which evolves to 127,1 ± 9,65 mg dL-1after ingestion of glucose solution and subsequently at 83,3 ± 11,7 and 72,4 ± 12,3 mg / dL at 60 and 90 min. When comparing these values with the glucose and EPP treatments given in the test, the regulatory effect of the propolis components is observed. Normally, the absorption of glucose in the body occurs rapidly, and blood glucose levels rise within 30 to 60 min. of fluid intake. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which there is an inability to oxidize carbohydrates generated by disturbances in insulin function. Propolis may have acted indirectly by increasing β cell insulin secretion and improving insulin sensitivity.
Knowledge about airway approach in medicine academics
Authors: Pimenta de Paula Fernando , Patrícia da Silva Ariele , Matias da Silveira Luciano Alves
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The approach to the airways is a common practice in medical life, being a delicate situation susceptible to complications, which requires skill. The objective of this work is to analyze the profile of airway instruction of students in the sixth year of medicine at a Federal University. Methods: Students answered an airway questionnaire. Theoretical knowledge about airway predictors, such as Mallampati and Cormack-Lehane classification, practices and mastery in orotracheal intubation, and use and knowledge of auxiliary devices for airway management were addressed. Answers were coded into spreadsheets for analysis. Results: Fifty students participated in the research (adherence of 62.5%), with a mean age of 25.5 years (22-37 years old) and equal gender divisions. The analysis showed that 100% of academics know the Mallampati Classification, but only 38% know the Cormack-Lehane. As for the practice of orotracheal intubation, 68% performed at least one orotracheal intubation in patients during graduation. About the knowledge of auxiliary and supraglottic devices, 86% say they know the Bougie and 82% at least one supraglottic device. As for the need to establish a surgical airway, 32% reported being able to establish it. Conclusion: Despite the teaching of anesthesiology in the mandatory curriculum at our institution, there is a need for new approaches at different times in the academic course. The practice of activities in the fields of teaching, research and extension aimed at consolidating knowledge of predictors and training in situations of airway management and the use of auxiliary devices should be encouraged.
Thrombolytic therapy in conjunction with CPR has managed cardiac arrest caused by extensive of pulmonary embolism and subglottic laryngeal oedema
Authors: H Hamza Aly Hesham
Published: March 2022

Extensive Pulmonary embolism led to a patients’ acute deterioration to cardiogenic shock. Thrombolytic therapy had been administered during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation following cardiac arrest. The patient fully recovered and the right ventricle demonstrated normal transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) studies 16 hours after the arrest event.
Review of anesthesia for ENT, oral and maxillofacial surgery at the National Hospital of Niamey: situational analysis in limited resource setting
Authors: MB Boukari , M Maikassoua , MB Rabiu , A Magai , MB Abdoulaye , O Adakal , MA Niandou , MR Moussa
Published: March 2022

Introduction: In otolaryngology and maxillofacial surgery, the main anesthetic problem is the management of the upper airways. The aim of this work is to take stock of anesthesiological activities in the ENT and CMF departments of the Niamey National Hospital. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional and descriptive study running from January 1 to June 30, 2020. Our study included all patients operated on in ENT and stomatology during the study period. The parameters studied were socio-demographic, the practice of anesthesia, per- and postoperative incidents and accidents, anesthesia team and equipment. Result: During our study, 147 patients were included out of 2082 admitted to the Niamey National Hospital, accounted for 7.06% of toatal patients admitted during the study period. ENT accounted for 93 patients and CMF 54. The mean age of our patients was 22.29 years with extremes of 11 months and 85 years. The sex ratio was 0.67. Surgery was urgent in 14.29% of cases. 46.26% of the patients came from outside Niamey. Tonsillectomy was the most common indication. All patients admitted for completed surgery received CPA. Difficult intubation criteria were detected in 34 patients. The ASA 1 class was in the majority (70.07%). The mean wait time for the entire study population was 5 weeks and 5 days with extremes of 0 days and 486 days. Premedication was necessary in 38 patients. Diazepam was the drug administered. All patients had received antibiotic prophylaxis. Rocéphine was the molecule used. AG + IOT was 89.80% the anesthetic technique used. The hypnotics used were propofol, thiopental, ketamine, and halothane. Fentanyl was the only opioid drug. All our patients were extubated on a table with an average duration of anesthesia of 106 minutes with extremes of 20 minutes and 600 minutes. The incident reported intraoperatively was 11 cases of bleeding. The postoperative period was marked by the occurrence of bronchospasm during extubation in 11 patients and arterial hypotension in 3 others. No deaths have been recorded. In 97.96% of cases, the anesthetic team was made up of Senior Technicians in Anesthesia and Resuscitation alone, under the supervision of a resuscitator anesthetist. Conclusion: This study demostrated that safe anaesthesia can be administered for ENT and maxillofacial surgeries in limited resource setting and surgical mortality and morbidity can be reduced, through judicious use of available resources, team work and vigillance.
Human papillomavirus DNA in premenopausal and postmenopausal women
Authors: kocturk Sumeyra alkis , Gul Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Papillomavirus strains can be practically classified by their risk of causing cervical cancer into low-risk (type 6 and 11) and high-risk (HPV 16 and 18) types. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate Papillomavirus DNA in different age groups. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, we determine the frequency of the papillomavirus in 50 premenopausal and 50 postmenopausal patients admitting Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University School of Medicine, Gynecology and Menopause outpatient clinics for follow-up, Kahramanmaras/Turkey for examination from December 2008 to December 2009. Inclusion criteria were patients had no other gynecological cancer history. After endocervical swab specimens reached to Medical Microbiology laboratory, we cut the tips of endocervical swab specimen and stored as frozen at -20 degrees centigrade in phosphate buffer in eppendorphs until studying. Real Time PCR was used for extraction of DNA and sequencing was done for genotyping. Information about patients (Menopause/Gynecology patients, age, menopause age, marital status, education, income, marriage age, pregnancy age, number of pregnancy, number of sexual partners, history of using OCS/HRT, history of sexual transmitted disease, smoking/drinking, diet) was taken with patient information form. Results: Six patients out of 100 (6%) were determined to be papillomavirus positive. Four of these papillomavirus DNA positive patients were at postmenopausal group and two of them were at premenopausal group. Two were type 6 (33.3%), two were type 45 (33.3%), one was type 16 (16.6%) and one was type 67 (16.6%). In this study, we couldn’t determine statistically significant difference between positive results and being in premenopausal or postmenopausal period (p>0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we evaluated papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in two periods of life of woman in a local population. Further studies would be beneficial in different groups and to determine nonhospital based papillomavirus prevalence in our country.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in the Evaluation of COVID-19
Authors: Clark Daniel E , Aggarwal Sachin K , Phillips Neil J , Soslow Jonathan H , Dendy Jeffrey M , Hughes Sean G
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular involvement following COVID-19 is heterogeneous, prevalent and is often missed by echocardiography and serum biomarkers (such as troponin I and brain natriuretic peptide). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard non-invasive imaging modality to phenotype unique populations after COVID-19, such as competitive athletes with a heightened risk of sudden cardiac death, patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and people suspected of having COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis. This review summarises the key attributes of CMR, reviews the literature that has emerged for using CMR for people who may have COVID-19-related complications after COVID-19, and offers expert opinion regarding future avenues of investigation and the importance of reporting findings.
Circulating Biomarkers in Lower Extremity Artery Disease
Authors: Ziegler Louise , Hedin Ulf , Gottsäter Anders
Published: March 2022

Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), a chronic condition with disturbed lower extremity circulation due to narrowing of the arteries, is predominantly caused by atherosclerosis and is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. LEAD is prevalent among older individuals and predicted to rise with the ageing population. In progressive disease, the patient experiences symptoms of ischaemia when walking and, in advanced critical limb-threatening ischaemia, even at rest. However, LEAD is asymptomatic in most patients, delaying diagnosis and treatment. In this setting, circulating biomarkers may facilitate earlier diagnosis in selected individuals. This review provides a broad overview of the circulating biomarkers investigated to date in relation to LEAD and discusses their usefulness in clinical practice.
Advocacy and Legislation for Regionalization Practices in the Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock: The Time Is Now
Authors: Gorder Kari , Rudick Steve , Smith Timothy D
Published: March 2022

Cardiogenic shock is a complex hemodynamic state that, despite improvements in care, often remains challenging to treat and confers a high mortality rate. Timely application of advanced strategies, including advanced hemodynamic management and mechanical circulatory support, is of the utmost importance for this critically ill patient population. Based on data and historic experiences with similar life-threatening conditions, a national system in the US of regionalized, structured care for patients with cardiogenic shock has the potential to improve outcomes and save lives. To enact this, national and state leaders, as well as federal regulatory bodies, physician thought leaders, industry representatives, and national organizations, must collaborate and advocate for a clear, structured cardiac shock center network with a tiered model for delivery of care for the sickest population of cardiac patients.
The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagi-ography. John Kieschnick.
Authors: Tarocco Francesca
Published: March 2022

The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagi-ography. John Kieschnick. (Studies in East Asian Buddhism 10), University of Hawai’i/Kuroda Institute, Honolulu 1997. vii, 218 pp. ISBN 0-8248-1841-5.
Functionality and disease severity in spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: CRUZ Geanison Castro da , ZONTA Marise Bueno , MUNHOZ Renato Puppi , MELLO Neliana Maria de , MEIRA Alex Tiburtino , NUNES Maria Cristina de Alencar , ARANHA Naiara Talita Guimarães , CAMARGO Carlos Henrique Ferreira , LOPES NETO Francisco Diego Negrão , TEIVE Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by deterioration of balance and functionality that tends to follow disease progression. There is no established link between formal clinical markers for severity and functional/balance scores that could guide rehabilitation teams. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between functional scales and ataxia severity in order to identify cutoff landmarks for functional loss and estimate the mean SARA (Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia) score for the risk ratings for falls on the BBS (Berg Balance Scale). Methods: Consecutive patients with a molecular diagnosis of SCA (total 89: 31 with SCA2 and 58 with SCA3) were assessed for functionality FIM-ADL (Functional Independence Measure-activities of daily living and Lawton-IADL (instrumental activities of daily living), balance (BBS) and disease severity (SARA). Results: The main disability cutoff landmarks were that the need for supervision for FIM-ADL starts with 12 points on SARA and the need for supervision for Lawton-IADL starts with 14 points on SARA. The first items to require assistance were “expression” and “shopping”, respectively. At 20 points on SARA, patients were dependent on all FIM and Lawton items. The item with the greatest impact on distinguishing dependents from independents was “means of transport” in Lawton-IADL and the domain “locomotion” in FIM-ADL. The mean SARA score for patients classified as low risk in the BBS was 9.9 points, and it was 17.4 for medium risk and 25.2 for high risk. Conclusions: Analysis on the correlation between the severity of ataxia and functional scales can form an important guide for understanding the progression of functional dependence among individuals with SCAs.
Gut microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: MEJÍA-GRANADOS Diana Marcela , VILLASANA-SALAZAR Benjamín , COAN Ana Carolina , RIZZI Liara , BALTHAZAR Marcio Luiz Figueredo , GODOI Alexandre Barcia de , CANTO Amanda Morato do , ROSA Douglas Cescon da , SILVA Lucas Scárdua , TACLA Rafaella do Rosario , DAMASCENO Alfredo , DONATTI Amanda , AVELAR Wagner Mauad , SOUSA Alessandro , LOPES-CENDES Iscia
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Neuropsychiatric disorders are a significant cause of death and disability worldwide. The mechanisms underlying these disorders include a constellation of structural, infectious, immunological, metabolic, and genetic etiologies. Advances in next-generation sequencing techniques have demonstrated that the composition of the enteric microbiome is dynamic and plays a pivotal role in host homeostasis and several diseases. The enteric microbiome acts as a key mediator in neuronal signaling via metabolic, neuroimmune, and neuroendocrine pathways. Objective: In this review, we aim to present and discuss the most current knowledge regarding the putative influence of the gut microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: We examined some of the preclinical and clinical evidence and therapeutic strategies associated with the manipulation of the gut microbiome. Results: targeted taxa were described and grouped from major studies to each disease. Conclusions: Understanding the complexity of these ecological interactions and their association with susceptibility and progression of acute and chronic disorders could lead to novel diagnostic biomarkers based on molecular targets. Moreover, research on the microbiome can also improve some emerging treatment choices, such as fecal transplantation, personalized probiotics, and dietary interventions, which could be used to reduce the impact of specific neuropsychiatric disorders. We expect that this knowledge will help physicians caring for patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Optical coherence tomography in neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: CUNHA Leonardo Provetti , PIRES Leopoldo Antônio , CRUZEIRO Marcelo Maroco , ALMEIDA Ana Laura Maciel , MARTINS Luiza Cunha , MARTINS Pedro Nascimento , SHIGAEFF Nadia , VALE Thiago Cardoso
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Structural imaging of the brain is the most widely used diagnostic tool for investigating neurodegenerative diseases. More advanced structural imaging techniques have been applied to early or prodromic phases, but they are expensive and not widely available. Therefore, it is highly desirable to search for noninvasive, easily accessible, low-cost clinical biomarkers suitable for large-scale population screening, in order to focus on making diagnoses at the earliest stages of the disease. In this scenario, imaging studies focusing on the structures of the retina have increasingly been used for evaluating neurodegenerative diseases. The retina shares embryological, histological, biochemical, microvascular and neurotransmitter similarities with the cerebral cortex, thus making it a uniquely promising biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases. Optical coherence tomography is a modern noninvasive imaging technique that provides high-resolution two-dimensional cross-sectional images and quantitative reproducible three-dimensional volumetric measurements of the optic nerve head and retina. This technology is widely used in ophthalmology practice for diagnosing and following up several eye diseases, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Its clinical impact on neurodegenerative diseases has raised enormous interest over recent years, as several clinical studies have demonstrated that these diseases give rise to reduced thickness of the inner retinal nerve fiber layer, mainly composed of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. In this review, we aimed to address the clinical utility of optical coherence tomography for diagnosing and evaluating different neurodegenerative diseases, to show the potential of this noninvasive and easily accessible method.
Sensitivity of avocado seedlings to herbicides
Authors: Silva Diogo Mendes da , Silveira Gustavo Cesar Dias , Pio Leila Aparecida Salles , Gonçalves Adenilson Henrique , Costa Ana Claudia , Figueiredo Mateus França
Published: March 2022

Abstract An increase in crop productivity should be linked to the effective control of production costs. Thus, the chemical and selective control of weeds is an appropriate method because it saves labor and energy, requires little manpower, and allows control throughout the crop cycle. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of avocado seedlings to the phytotoxic effects of postemergence herbicide application. The experiment was carried out on avocado seeds of the cultivar Margarida in a greenhouse in the fruit sector of the Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras. The experimental design was randomized block design, with four replicates and eight treatments, and each experimental plot consisted of three seedlings. The herbicides paraquat, oxyfluorfen, fomesafem, carfentrazone-ethyl, and glyphosate caused damage to avocado seedlings and should not be recommended based on the commercial dosage used. Paraquat caused the plants to die within 30 days after application. Fluazifop-p-butyl and imazethapyr proved to be the most promising for use in avocado orchards because they caused less damage to the crop.
O ensino de ciências a partir da temática Mineração: uma proposta com enfoque CTS e três momentos pedagógicos
Authors: Souza Bruna Costa de , Valadares Juarez Melgaço
Published: March 2022

Resumo: A mineração representa um desafio do ponto de vista sustentável, por ser uma atividade que provoca impactos diretos para o meio ambiente, conforme observado nos crimes socioambientais ocorridos no estado de Minas Gerais. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar quais foram as mudanças de concepção apresentadas pelos estudantes do Ensino Médio sobre esse impacto, após a aplicação de uma sequência didática com enfoque Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade associado com a dinâmica dos três momentos pedagógicos (3MP), baseada nos princípios de Paulo Freire. A sequência didática foi composta por seis aulas, com as atividades: análise de imagens, reportagens e documentários, jogo de tabuleiro, visita orientada, debates e estudo de caso. Os resultados revelam que a dialogicidade presente nas atividades em todos os três MPs potencializou o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem, pois os alunos conseguiram incorporar, aplicar, posicionar e tomar decisões em assuntos relacionados à temática trabalhada, incluindo aspectos políticos, sociais, ambientais, econômicos e científicos.
Screening, biochemical characterization and antibiotics resistance/susceptibility of bacteria isolated from native soil and water samples
Authors: Ulfat M. , Abad Z. , Ali N. M. , Sarwar S. , Jabeen K. , Abrar A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize bacteria from water and soil sample taken from the Lahore Canal at different sites i.e. Mall Road, Mohlanwal and Khera site. Isolated bacterial strains were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical tests. Identification was confirmed by culturing bacteria on selective media. Antibiotic resistance test was also performed to observe the resistance of bacteria against different antibiotics. Blood agar test was performed for identification of different pathogenic bacteria. The result revealed that water and soil samples of Lahore Canal Lahore from different sites were contaminated with Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Vibrio sp., Bacillus spp., Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus spp. Due to presence of these pathogens, this water is not suitable for any domestic and irrigation use. Study also revealed that water of the Lahore Canal is harmful for human health as it is contaminated with bacteria that can cause severe disease e.g., Escherichia coli can cause gastroenteritis, Bacillus spp. can cause nausea and vomiting, Enterococcus may infect urinary tract, Salmonella sp. is responsible for Bacteremia, Staphylococcus spp. can cause mild fever and Vibrio sp. can be the reason of cholera. Thus it is rendered unfit for any kind of human use even other than drinking like swimming, bathing, washing etc., until and unless some remedial measures are employed to eradicate pathogenic microorganisms by WASA and LWMS according to standards of WHO. Similarly, it is quite harmful, when and where ever it is used for irrigation without proper treatment.
Physical activity level of post-stroke individuals that use the Brazilian public health system
Authors: Mendes Camila Lima Gervásio , Martins Júlia Caetano , Ferreira Dayanne da Silva , Souza Deijanira Rocco de , Velloso Marcello , Faria Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction: According to studies from developed countries, post-stroke individuals commonly have a low level of physical activity. Considering the benefits of maintaining a good level of physical activity in these subjects, it is important to provide specific and complete information, based on the assessment of all dimensions of physical activity, which supports interventions. Objective: To compare the physical activity levels between individuals with stroke and matched healthy individuals that use the public health system in Brazil considering the different dimensions of physical activity. Methods: Individuals with stroke (n = 11) and matched healthy individuals (n = 11) were assessed. Physical activity levels, considering all dimensions -duration (> 3 MET), frequency (number of steps) and intensity (mean total energy expenditure per day) - were assessed using SenseWear® monitor for seven days. Descriptive statistics and between-groups comparisons were performed (α = 0.05). Results: The physical activity levels were significantly lower in individuals with stroke when compared to matched healthy individuals, considering all dimensions. The between-group differences in activity duration, frequency, and intensity were 74 minutes/day, 5,274 steps/day, and 2,134kJ/day, respectively. Conclusion: Individuals with stroke users of the Brazilian public health system have lower physical activity levels in different dimensions of physical activity than matched healthy individuals. The assessment of the physical activity level of post-stroke individuals is important for decision making in public health programs.
Profile, attitudes and beliefs of physiotherapists in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Santos Francisco Dimitre Rodrigo Pereira , Nascimento Isabel Thaylla Maciel , Brito Letícia Bezerra , Blascovich Hellyangela Bertalha , Moço Jullyana da Silva Teófilo , Silva Rosana Matos da
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction: About 84% of the population have had some low back symptom during their lifetime; where 23% of cases become chronic pain. It is observed that in around 85% of cases of chronic low back pain, there is no specific cause or diagnosis, where it is referred to as chronic nonspecific low back pain. Given its disabling potential, the comprehensive assessment, attitudes and beliefs of the physiotherapist in clinical management become essential to the prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic/socioeducational and work profile and the attitudes and beliefs of physiotherapists in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain treatment. Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. For data collection, two questionnaires were used, one referring to the sociodemographic/socioeducational profile information and the other referring to attitudes and beliefs determined by the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists. Data were analyzed using the BioEstat 5.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson correlation (p < 0.05). Results: Fifty-seven physical therapists were analyzed, where most were women (61.4%), had specialization (56.2%), worked in private clinics (63.2%) and used specific methods in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain (84.2%). Biomedical belief was predominant (70.2%) and showed a significant relationship with age (p = 0.0006). Conclusion: The biomedical model is still predominantly used, which is related to the age of the professionals surveyed.
Breathing pattern, orthognathic surgery and head posture in dentofacial deformity
Authors: Branco Rogerio Eduardo Santos Tiossi Castello , Silva Letícia Korb da , Marques Reinaldo Monteiro , Rosa Raquel Rodrigues , Berretin-Felix Giédre
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction: Dentofacial deformity (DFD) and the breathing mode can change the head posture. However, head posture changes after orthognathic surgery are controversial, and no studies were found on the relationship between the head posture and breathing mode in adults with DFD. Objective: To identify the main head posture changes in young adults affected by DFD, to verify if orthognathic surgery modifies the breathing mode and head posture, and if the breathing mode is associated with the head posture. Methods: Twenty-five young adults were assessed and divided in dentofacial deformity group (DFD; n = 15; x̅ = 28 years) and control group with dentofacial harmony (CG; n = 10; balanced by gender and age with the study group). Breathing mode was evaluated according to the orofacial myofunctional evaluation protocol, and biophotogrammetry was used in the head posture analyses. For the DFD group, the evaluations were performed pre and post the orthognathic surgery (pre- and post-DFD). Results: For the DFD group, the breathing mode modified after orthognathic surgery (p = 0.003), but with difference from GC (p = 0.027). No changes were found in head posture after orthognathic surgery, but significant difference was seen between post-DFD and GC for head inclination (p = 0.017). No relationship was observed between breathing mode and head posture (p > 0.05). Conclusion: After orthognathic surgery, a spontaneous improvement of breathing was seen in the sample. It was not possible to verify changes in head posture and association with breathing mode and head posture.
Family-centered care on a physiotherapy course: case reports
Authors: Cunha Romana Francthesk Mendes da , Costa Karine Beatriz , Morais Rosane Luzia de Souza
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction: Family-Centered Care (FCC) is a philosophy that recognizes the family as a partner in the intervention process and currently constitutes one of the most important practices in pediatric physical therapy intervention. For this reason, FCC should be part of pediatric physiotherapy training so that future physiotherapists are able to include it in their clinical practice. Objective: To verify the feasibility of applying FCC as part of an undergraduate Physiotherapy course, focusing on the activity of children with different health conditions. Methods: This is a case report, based on information collected from medical records, on an intervention program carried out with 5 children and their families, in the home, once a week for seven weeks, by students of physical therapy in pediatrics. For pre- and post-intervention assessment of the children, standardized instruments were used: Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). Reports were collected from families and students regarding the FCC experience. Results: The children with neurological impairment increased the GMFM target area score by more than 5%, indicating clinical improvement. A child at biological risk had a pre-intervention AIMS percentile of < 25 and a post-intervention percentile of 50, while another child with developmental delay did not alter his percentile. At the end of the intervention, families reported greater confidence in carrying out activities with their children and students reported the experience as relevant to their professional training. Conclusion: The practical application of FCC proved promising in the academic context of pediatric physical therapy.
Uso do peróxido de hidrogênio no controle de cianobactérias – uma perspectiva bioquímica
Authors: Reis Kelly Cristina dos , Capelo Neto José
Published: March 2022

RESUMO As florações de cianobactérias vêm aumentando em intensidade e frequência em todo o mundo, ameaçando a sustentabilidade dos recursos aquáticos e o abastecimento humano. A construção de reservatórios, o uso de fertilizantes artificiais e o descarte de esgotos não tratados são os principais motores dessa expansão. As alterações climáticas, como o aquecimento global, as chuvas e as secas extremas, têm contribuído para a acelerar esse processo. Qualquer medida de mitigação dessas florações deve considerar os impactos sobre os outros organismos, os custos, além dos resíduos gerados. Nessa perspectiva, a aplicação do peróxido de hidrogênio em reservatórios artificiais traz uma série de vantagens para o controle a curto prazo, sendo uma das principais a destruição seletiva de cianobactérias. Apesar de vários estudos indicarem que as cianobactérias são o alvo preferencial do peróxido de hidrogênio, uma explicação bioquímica desse fenômeno ainda não foi encontrada. Este trabalho, portanto, procura congregar assuntos relacionados a esse tema e traz também uma coletânea de experiências recentes sobre o uso em escala real do peróxido de hidrogênio, apontando as principais lacunas de conhecimento que deverão ser preenchidas caso sua utilização em reservatórios seja para abastecimento. Uma das lacunas a ser preenchida está relacionada às vantagens do peróxido de hidrogênio sobre outros métodos de controle, pois apresentam maior eficiência no controle de cianobactérias posto que são preferencialmente destruídos pelo peróxido de hidrogênio, em relação aos fitoplânctons, sendo, dessa forma, importante o estudo de técnicas de aplicação do peróxido de hidrogênio em reservatórios de grande porte.
Uso do modelo HEC-RAS com base em informações de LiDAR para avaliação de inundações urbanas
Authors: Mendes Thiago Augusto , Sousa Marlon Barbosa de , Pereira Sávio Aparecido dos Santos , Santos Kamila Almeida dos , Formiga Klebber Teodomiro Martins
Published: March 2022

RESUMO O crescimento desordenado das cidades e o excesso de impermeabilização são problemáticas dos grandes centros urbanos, tendo como consequência principal a ocorrência de inundações e alagamentos. Nesse contexto, a modelagem hidrodinâmica pode ser uma importante ferramenta para a determinação de áreas inundáveis, permitindo estimar as cotas de inundação para diferentes cenários de tempos de retorno (TR) e chuvas de projetos, permitindo, assim, representar mais fielmente a realidade e minimizar erros decorrentes de projetos hidráulicos. Trabalhando em conjunto com o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), em que a geometria do canal é extraída por meio do Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT) de alta precisão gerado por levantamento com técnica LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) e software de modelagem hidrodinâmica (Hydrologic Engineering Center — River Analysis System — HEC-RAS), foi possível avaliar diferentes cenários de inundações no trecho canalizado em concreto, no córrego Botafogo, em Goiânia, Goiás. Com os resultados da modelagem hidrodinâmica foi possível avaliar o comportamento da propagação das vazões geradas, constatando-se que para precipitações com TR de 50 anos ou mais, os limites da canalização não suportam os volumes gerados e transportados, provocando inundações em seis trechos críticos. Os dados obtidos pelo HEC-RAS puderam ser validados a partir de registros fotográficos divulgados pela imprensa local e levantamento topográfico dos locais inundados, de modo que a integração entre o SIG e a modelagem hidrodinâmica se mostrou eficiente para o estudo de áreas inundáveis.
Evaluation of the phytotoxicity of landfill leachate treated with a Rotating Biological Reactor
Authors: Hoss Louise , Zanatta Rodrigo , Quadro Maurízio , Corrêa Érico Kunde , Andreazza Robson
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT One of the major drawbacks of this final disposal technique is leachate production, which occurs due to the degradation of organic matter and rainwater percolation. The leachate composition is quite varied, with high organic load and various compounds that may be toxic to the environment. To reduce the polluting potential of the leachate, it must be subjected to an appropriate treatment. Biological treatments are widely used in the treatment of leachate, although these technologies have some drawbacks. As an alternative to conventional biological treatments, rotating biological reactors are used. The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of a pilot scale rotating biological reactors in the removal of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and phosphorus from the landfill leachate. Effluent toxicity and rotating biological reactors's ability to remove this toxicity were also verified by calculating the germination index of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seeds. The reactor showed an average efficiency of 75.99% of biochemical oxygen demand removal, 33.53% of chemical oxygen demand removal, and 16.04% of phosphorus removal. In fact, the cucumber and lettuce seeds proved sensitive to the toxicity of the effluent. For crude leachate, the germination index values of lettuce and cucumber were 13.28 and 49.61%, respectively. In this study, rotating biological reactors obtained a good efficiency in the removal of toxicity from leachate. The germination index of the seeds for the treated effluent was 60.9% for lettuce and 82.49% for cucumber.
Development of a large-scale rainfall simulator for urban hydrology research
Authors: Isidoro Jorge Manuel Guieiro Pereira , Silveira Alexandre , Lima Bruno Oliveira
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT This work presented the development and testing of a large-scale rainfall simulator (LSRS) to be used as a research tool on rainfall-runoff and associated transport processes in urban areas. The rainfall simulator consists of a pressurized water supply system which supplies a set of 16 full-cone nozzles. Artificial rainfall with different rainfall intensities can be produced over an area of 100 m2 in a V shape. The assembly is housed in a tailor-made acrylic structure to eliminate the influence of wind and natural rainfall. Runoff is measured and collected at the outlet of the drainage basin, from where it is pumped to a storage tank that enables the reuse of water. Runoff hydrographs and pollutographs are presented as examples of possible outcomes from this facility. The LSRS is showed to be able to reproduce the rainfall-runoff and pollutant transport processes under simulated rainfall events with intensity and spatial uniformity similar to other experiments described in the literature.
Assessment of the impact of adding fly ash and coal bottom ash to an advanced cement-based composite matrix
Authors: Vieira Mariana , Pereira Guilherme , Pacheco Fernanda , Marques Maria Luísa da Silva , Christ Roberto , Modolo Regina Celia Espinosa
Published: March 2022

Abstract To reduce environmental impact and hydration heat from high cement consumption in advanced cement-based composites, this study proposes the partial cement substitution by fly ash (FA) and coal bottom ash (CBA) in rates of 15% by mass (7.5% FA and 7.5% CBA) and 30% by mass (15% FA and 15% CBA). Matrixes were assessed for their physical and mechanical characteristics though the tests of compressive strength, capillary water absorption and ultrasonic pulse velocity, added to the analysis of images generated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results indicated better performance of fly ash due to its particle size, shape and texture, especially for the rate of 15%. In terms of compressive strength, mixture RFA15 yielded the highest strength. The capillary water absorption results were linear and with low variations of about 1% and 5% between 28 and 56 days.
Numerical-experimental study of neighboring wind effects on tall buildings related to serviceability via reliability
Authors: Reis Matheus Nunes , Lavôr Thiarly Feitosa Afonso de , Pantoja João da Costa , Brito José Luís Vital de
Published: March 2022

abstract: In this paper a reliability analysis was carried out, regarding the dynamic responses of displacements and accelerations in the x and y directions at the top of CAARC standard tall building, determined by the numerical-experimental High Frequency Pressure Integration technique (HFPI). The building was studied on distinct angles, subjected to dynamic wind load, isolated and with the presence of different neighbors. Tendency curves and its equations for reliability indices and maximum responses, in relation to the directions adopted to the CAARC, were presented. With the results found, it was noticed that the existence of neighborhood affects the responses of maximums and the reliability indexes, both for increase and decrease compared to the isolated building, depending on the situation and the type of dynamic response.
Shape analysis of the StW 578 calotte from Jacovec Cavern, Gauteng (South Africa)
Authors: Beaudet Amélie , Dumoncel Jean , Heaton Jason L. , Pickering Travis R. , Clarke Ronald J. , Carlson Kristian J. , Bam Lunga , Van Hoorebeke Luc , Stratford Dominic
Published: March 2022

The fossiliferous deposits within the lower-lying Jacovec Cavern in the locality of Sterkfontein yielded valuable hominin remains, including the StW 578 specimen. Because StW 578 mainly preserves the calotte, the taxonomic status of this specimen has been a matter of discussion. Within this context, here we employed high-resolution microtomography and a landmark-free registration method to explore taxonomically diagnostic features in the external surface of the StW 578 calotte. Our comparative sample included adult humans and common chimpanzees as well as one Australopithecus africanus specimen (Sts 5). We partially restored the StW 578 calotte digitally and compared it to extant specimens and Sts 5 using a landmark-free registration based on smooth and invertible surface deformation. Our comparative shape analysis reveals morphological differences with extant humans, especially in the frontal bones, and with extant chimpanzees, as well as intriguing specificities in the morphology of the StW 578 parietal bones. Lastly, our study suggests morphological proximity between StW 578 and Sts 5. Given the intimate relationship between the brain and the braincase, as well as the integration of the hominin face and neurocranium, we suggest that cranial vault shape differences between StW 578 and extant humans, if confirmed by further analyses, could be either explained by differences in brain surface morphology or in the face. Besides providing additional information about the morphology of the Jacovec calotte that will be useful in future taxonomic discussion, this study introduces a new protocol for the landmark-free analysis of fossil hominin cranial shape.
Significance:

We provide further information on the enigmatic fossil specimen StW 578.
We introduce a new approach for the morphological study of fossil hominin crania.
We highlight morphological similarities between StW 578 and ‘Mrs Ples’.
Malaria risk and receptivity: Continuing development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Munhenga Givemore , Oliver Shüné V. , Lobb Leanne N. , Mazarire Theresa T. , Sekgele Windy , Mashatola Thabo , Mabaso Nondumiso , Dlamini Dumsani M. , Zulu Malibongwe , Moletsane Fortunate , Letinić Blaženka D. , Zawada Jacek , Burke Ashley , Dahan-Moss Yael , Matamba Avhatakali , Kaiser Maria , Brooke Basil D.
Published: March 2022

Malaria incidence in South Africa is highest in the three endemic provinces: KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo. The contribution to malaria transmission by several mosquito species, variation in their resting behaviours and low levels of insecticide resistance makes it necessary to periodically monitor Anopheles species assemblages and resistance phenotypes in vector populations. The aim of this study was therefore to assess Anopheles species assemblage in northern KwaZulu-Natal and to collect insecticide susceptibility data for An. arabiensis, the primary vector of malaria in that province. Anopheles specimens were collected from Mamfene, Jozini, northern KwaZulu-Natal from November 2019 to April 2021. Progeny of wild-collected An. arabiensis females were used for standard insecticide susceptibility tests and synergist bioassays. Anopheles arabiensis contributed 85.6% (n=11 062) of the total catches. Samples for subsequent insecticide susceptibility bioassays were selected from 212 An. arabiensis families. These showed low-level resistance to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, and bendiocarb, as well as full susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl. Synergist bioassays using piperonyl butoxide and triphenyl phosphate suggest oxygenase-based pyrethroid and esterase-mediated sequestration of bendiocarb. These low levels of resistance are unlikely to be operationally significant at present. It is concluded that northern KwaZulu-Natal Province remains receptive to malaria transmission despite ongoing control and elimination interventions. This is due to the perennial presence of the major vector An. arabiensis and other secondary vector species. The continued detection of low-frequency insecticide resistance phenotypes in An. arabiensis is cause for concern and requires periodic monitoring for changes in resistance frequency and intensity.
Significance:

Insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anophelesarabiensis in northern KwaZulu-Natal Province is cause for concern in terms of resistance management and ongoing vector control leading toward malaria elimination.
Despite ongoing control interventions, northern KwaZulu-Natal remains receptive to malaria owing to the perennial presence of several Anophelesvector species.