bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Social Capital And Agribusiness Systems Of Transmigrants In The Early Settlement Phase: A Case Study In Wasile District
Authors: Basuki Natal , S. Sangadji Suwandi , Suhardi  , Mahmud Haris
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted in a transmigrant settlement in Wasile District, East Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province, where the initial placement included ethnic groups from Banyuwangi and Banyumas. The study aims to analyze the support of social capital for the adaptability of transmigrants. A post-positivist paradigm was employed in this research. Data were collected through observation, participatory observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The informants consisted of 6 key informants and 14 supporting informants. The key informants included two representatives each from the Banyuwangi and Banyumas transmigrant groups placed in 1983, a Field Extension Officer (PPL), the Wasile District Head, the Village Head of Bumi Restu, and the Village Head of Mekar Sari. The supporting informants were those recommended by the key informants. The informants were selected purposively, followed by a snowball sampling technique. The data were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively manner. The findings indicate that the social capital support possessed by these two transmigrant groups significantly enhanced their adaptability, enabling them to survive and thrive. Furthermore, the implications of these findings are substantial. Strong social capital among the transmigrants can facilitate knowledge exchange, resource sharing, and collective action, essential for establishing and maintaining effective agribusiness practices. This robust support network enables transmigrants to overcome agricultural production, market access, and economic integration challenges. Consequently, the enhanced adaptability fostered by social capital improves their resilience and contributes to the overall success and sustainability of their agribusiness ventures, promoting community development and economic growth in the region.
Comparative Analysis And Factors Affecting Income On Shallot Farming Of Biru Lancor And Batu Ijo Varieties In Probolinggo Regency
Authors: Utami Ratih Apri , Firdaus Ratna Nur , Aji Joni Murti Mulyo , Agustina Titin
Published: September 2024

Consumer demand for shallots continues to increase yearly, influencing farmers to cultivate the commodity. One of the influential factors is the use of good-quality seeds. The superior seed varieties used in shallot cultivation in Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province are Biru Lancor and Batu Ijo. Both varieties are equally superior in production, but there are advantages and disadvantages to each of them. This study investigates the income disparities and influential factors between two varieties of shallot farming: Biru Lancor and Batu Ijo. The research in Dringu District, Probolinggo Regency, was conducted in four selected villages as sample areas. Employing multistage purposive sampling, 60 shallot farmers participated, with 30 utilizing Biru Lancor and 30 adopting Batu Ijo varieties. Data collection involved primary and secondary sources, with surveys and interviews. This research used quantitative methods, including income analysis, t-tests, and dummy multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS. The findings reveal significant differences in farming income between Biru Lancor and Batu Ijo varieties. Key factors influencing shallot farming income encompass seed type, land costs, pesticide expenses, labor expenditures, production yields, and selling prices. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing shallot farming practices and enhancing farmers' income levels.
Smartphone Usage Behavior And Technology Acceptance In Oil Palm Replanting
Authors: Yulida Roza , Andriani Yulia , Rosnita  , Septya Fanny , Febiola Ezra , Madiyoh Abdulhakim
Published: September 2024

Replanting activities need support using information technology so that plantation business actors can access information related to plantations independently and accurately. This research analyzes smartphone usage behavior using a technology acceptance model approach among oil palm users. This research was conducted at the Karya Dharma III Village Unit Cooperative, Keranji Guguh Village, Koto Gasib District, Siak Regency. The sample taken in this research was 30 planters. The sampling technique in this research uses a snowball sampling technique, which is obtained through a rolling process based on the relationship between one respondent and another. Snowball sampling is a sampling method that uses initial illustration data to identify other illustrations that meet the criteria. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive study based on a Likert scale. The final results of this research show that using smartphones among oil palm planters in Keranji Guguh Village as a medium to help search for and receive information for oil palm planters is classified as moderate, with an average score of 2.84. Smartphone use has become an alternative media planters use to search for information on supporting oil palm rejuvenation activities, land clearing, planting spacing patterns, using superior seeds, and plant maintenance replanting.
The Impact Of Working Capital Management On Profitability In Micro And Small Processed Food Enterprises In Indonesia
Authors: Kamal Syalma Nabila , Rachmina Dwi , Feryanto
Published: September 2024

Effective management of working capital is essential for the profitability and long-term sustainability of micro and small-scale processed food businesses. However, at present, the business has not yet developed strong competency in managing working capital efficiently. This can certainly increase the potential for business bankruptcy, especially in the processed food business. This research examines the impact of working capital management, liquidity, and solvency ratios on the profitability of 1,563 micro and 241 small processed food enterprises in Indonesia. Multiple linear regression is used to assess the relationship between working capital management and profitability. The independent variables include the payable deferral period, inventory conversion period, current ratio, and debt-to-asset ratio, while profitability, as the dependent variable, is measured by return on assets (ROA). The findings indicate that both the payable deferral period and debt-to-asset ratio significantly affect the profitability of micro and small businesses, with the current ratio having a particular effect on the profitability of small businesses. These findings suggest that improving financial management practices, such as daily sales optimization and enhanced cash flow monitoring, could significantly enhance profitability in the micro and small processed food sector.
Eğitimde Yapay Zekâ ve Derin Öğrenme Alanında 2019-2023 Yıllar Arasında Yayınlanan Makalelerin Betimsel Analizi
Authors: Ünsal Gülhan , Karaoğlan Yılmaz Fatma Gizem
Published: September 2024

Günümüzde eğitimdeki teknolojik ilerlemeler, öğrenme süreçlerini dönüştürme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, eğitimde yapay zekâ ve derin öğrenme uygulamalarını değerlendirerek, kullanım alanları, teknolojiler ve veri kaynaklarını incelemektir. Araştırmada eğitimde yapay zekâ ve derin öğrenme üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, sistematik olarak taranacak, ardından istatistiksel ile betimsel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilecektir. Bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, 2019-2023 yılları arasında “Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning” anahtar kelimesinin Web of Science’da yayınlanan SSCI veSCI-Expanded indekslerinde Eğitim/Eğitim araştırmaları alanında yayınlanan makaleler değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında tespit edilen 60 çalışma içerisinde; 3 makaleye erişim sağlanamamış, 2 makalenin de aynısı bulunduğu tespit edildiğinden 55 makale değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, incelenen makalelerin yılı, anahtar kelimeleri, dergi adları, araştırma yöntemleri ve türleri, veri toplama araçları, veri analiz yöntemleri, katılımcıların seviyesi ve sayısı gibi çeşitli faktörler açısından bir değerlendirme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, makalelerin çoğunluğunun 2023 yılında yayımlandığı, Çin’in en fazla çalışma yapılan ülke olduğu, eğitim araştırması alanında daha çok çalışmanın bulunduğu görülmüştür. Anahtar kelimeler arasında, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence ve Learning terimlerinin öne çıktığı belirlenmiş, “Education and Information Technologies” dergisinin bu konuda öne çıkan bir yayın kaynağı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmalarda genellikle nicel araştırma yöntemleri tercih edilmiş, veri toplamak için ölçek ve test kullanılmış araştırma türü olarak deneysel-uygulamalı çalışmalar yapıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmaların genellikle üniversite öğrencileriyle yapıldığı ve katılımcı sayısının 1-100 arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, eğitimde yapay zekâ ve derin öğrenme kullanımının önemini vurgulamakta ve gelecekteki eğitim sistemlerinin bu teknolojik gelişmelerden nasıl yararlanabileceğini açıklamaktadır. Yapay zekâ ve derin öğrenme, öğrenme süreçlerini zenginleştirerek, öğrencilerin potansiyellerini daha etkili bir şekilde gerçekleştirmelerine olanak tanıyabilir.
Bir Bilim Dalı Olarak Bilgi Sosyolojisinin Tarihsel Oluşumu
Authors: Aydin Kıymet , Apalı Yasemin
Published: September 2024

Bilgi ve toplum arasındaki ilişki, tarihin ilk başlarından bu zamana uzanan kadim bir bağdır. Bilgi, toplumu oluşturan bireylerin zihinlerinden ve yaşayışlarından çıkarak tüm sosyal kurumları etkilemekte, bu etkiler sonucunda kendisi de dönüşerek ve tamamen farklı bir formda bilgi olarak tekrar topluma ve üyelerine dönmektedir. Bilginin üretilmesi, içinde oluştuğu toplum tarafından içselleştirilmesi, kültür olarak somutlaşması ve yeni kuşaklara aktarılması aşamalarının hepsinde bilgi ve toplum arasındaki karşılıklı etkileşimi görmekteyiz. Bu çalışma; bilginin ne olduğu, bilgi türleri ve şekilleri, toplumdaki yeri, tarihsel gelişimi ile sosyolojinin bir alt disiplini olan Bilgi Sosyolojisi çalışmalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede Bilgi Sosyolojisinin kurucuları, klasik ve çağdaş dönem toplumbilimcilerin bilgi konusundaki düşünceleri ile Türkiye’de bilgi sosyolojisi alanında yapılmış çalışmalardan örnekler sunulacaktır.
Colitis ulcerativa, un enfoque desde la medicina biorreguladora de sistemas, reporte de caso
Authors: Aristizábal Luz Gallego , Pulgarin Maria Camila
Published: September 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine, characterized by continuous mucosa inflammation that begins in the rectum and extends proximally (Gros B, Kaplan GG., 2023). The incidence of UC is increasing globally, with a peak onset between the ages of 15 and 30 (Adams SM., 2022). Diagnosis is based on clinical, biological, endoscopic, and histological findings. Typical symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fecal urgency, and tenesmus. Endoscopy reveals continuous inflammation of the colon, and biopsies confirm chronic inflammation. Fecal calprotectin is useful for assessing disease activity and relapses (Feuerstein JD., 2019). The treatment aims to induce and maintain remission. For mild to moderate UC, 5-aminosalicylic acids are the first-line treatment. In moderate to severe cases, corticosteroids induce remission, followed by biological agents. Proctocolectomy is considered in refractory cases or those with high-grade dysplasia (Feuerstein JD., 2014). UC is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, especially after 20 years of disease. Regular surveillance through colonoscopies is crucial for the early detection of dysplasia (Kucharzik T., 2020).This article presents a case report of a 27-year-old patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis 10 years ago, who presents with symptoms of rectal bleeding and diarrhea, and is non-adherent to oral pharmacological treatment due to intolerance. We will analyze her clinical presentation and diagnostic approach, as well as the integration of traditional medicine with bioregulatory techniques, highlighting the importance of comprehensive and personalized care in managing this condition, restoring stem balance and improving patient quality of life.
The Sequential Categorization-Identification Paradigm (SCIP): A Paradigm for the Concurrent Testing of Strong Hypotheses Regarding Psychological Representation and Processing
Authors: Wenger Michael , Townsend James T. , Ak Ayin
Published: September 2024

We present a new experimental paradigm intended to allow for acquisition of the data needed fortesting strong hypotheses regarding the nature of encoded representations and the real-timeprocessing of those representations using the same set of trials. The design is motivated by twoformal theories: general recognition theory (Ashby & Townsend, 1986), which addresses internalrepresentation, and systems factorial theory (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995), which addresses thefoundational characteristics of real-time processing. We show in the results of two experiments,one with very simple and a second with more complex stimuli, that this paradigm is capable ofproducing data that can allow for inferences regarding both representation and processing fromthe same set of trials and that those two sets of inferences can be found to be coherent with oneanother.
Organizational Dynamics of Memory Across Days
Authors: Rafla Daniella , Halpern David , Katerman Brandon Scott , Kahana Michael J.
Published: September 2024

When individuals repeatedly study and recall information across multiple learning trials their responses exhibit increasing levels of subjective organization. Whereas classic studies investigated the evolution of organization across lists within the short-time span of a single session, here we ask how memory changes over many days. Specifically, we examine how semantic, temporal, and subjective organization during a recall period shapes memory after days of intervening cognitive activity. Analyzing data from two multi-session free recall experiments, we find that subjects demonstrate a strong tendency to cluster recalls based on previous output order, with this effect strengthening across sessions. In line with the idea that thoughts become memories, we show that even false memories produced on a given session tend to re-occur on subsequent days. Our results attest to the crucial role that retrieval plays in shaping long-term episodic memory.
Cognitive Attraction and the Spread of Misinformation on Danish Facebook
Authors: de Place Bak Petra , Weed Ethan
Published: September 2024

Social media facilitate a continuous stream of information where the barriers of previous information environments have collapsed. In this space, health advice, misinformation, cat videos, and similar content compete for users’ limited attention. This study explored the hypothesis that content biases support the spread of nonadaptive information online. To test this, we analyzed 1,022,526 instances of engagement (reactions, comments, shares) generated by 356 misleading Facebook posts. We evaluated the relationship between the presence of visual material, cognitive factors of attraction (social, threat-related, intergroup-related information, positivity, and negativity biases), and engagement scores by fitting a Bayesian negative binomial model. Cognitive attractive features were present in 92% of the posts, but only visual material, intergroup-related information, and positive and negative sentiment increased engagement. The findings suggest that the specifics of social media, such as the visibility structures of platforms and competition from salient, accurate information, may moderate what gets transmitted.
United but Divided. The Segmented Rally in a Polarized Society in Wartime
Authors: Feinstein Yuval , David Geffen Ben
Published: September 2024

Studies of public reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war have renewed interest in the rally-round-the-flag phenomenon of public opinion. At the same time, another group of studies has focused on political polarization and the strengthening of radical right parties in many countries. The current study synthesizes these two lines of research by exploring how public opinion in deeply polarized countries changes in response to violent international conflicts that, in a less polarized context, would likely have led most citizens to close ranks behind the government and its war policy. We analyzed original panel data collected in Israel before and after the October 7 massacre and during Israel’s retaliation in Gaza. The findings reveal a “segmented rally,” in which the vast majority of Jewish Israelis supported the war and trusted the security forces, but trust in the government and the prime minister was more limited. In addition, the analysis identified two distinct sets of mechanisms driving opinion formation. Support for the war and security forces was motivated by feelings of threat, humiliation, and rage. In contrast, respondents’ trust or mistrust of the government and the prime minister hinged on what they viewed as the cause of the security crisis—the government or anti-government protesters—an assessment driven by their preexisting views on the government’s “judicial reform” initiative. The paper concludes by discussing the mutual impacts of polarization and public reactions to crises.
The Upbringing of Offspring in Mixed Marriages in a Historical Perspective
Authors: Gałkowski Tomasz Robert
Published: September 2024

The concern for the upbringing of children in the marriages of Christians with followers of other religions or pagans, and then Catholics with non-Catholics, was from the very beginning a concern of the church community. This issue is discussed in the present article, in which the author focuses his attention on foundations of the regulations rather than on their legal aspect. The conducted analyses indicate that there has been a significant shift from the objective protection of faith to the subjective expression  of the personal character of the marriage relationship and the related rights and obligations resulting from the free-given grace of belonging to Christ.
THE PRODUCT OF DISTRIBUTIONS AND STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ARISING FROM POWERS OF INFINITE DIMENSIONAL BROWNIAN MOTIONS
Authors: Ji Un Cig , Kuo Hui-Hsiung , Mimachi Hara-Yuko , Saitô Kimiaki
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we introduce a new locally convex space of distributions, as a generalization of the space from [15] and [11], in which we have the product of any distributions as a series expansion. Then we discuss an extension of the L´ evy and Volterra Laplacians to operators on the locally convex space including distribution-coefficient polynomials and distributionvalued exponentials on distributions, and give an infinite dimensional Brownian motion associated with the L´evy Laplacian. Moreover, we give an integral expression of the L´ evy Laplacian. Based on those results, we obtain white noise distribution-valued stochastic differential equations for the delta distributions centered at the powers of the infinite dimensional Brownian motion.
OS FULGURITOS DE ARACATI, NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors:   Museu Casa do Milson (MCM), Aracati-CE, Xavier Milson
Published: September 2024

This work describes the first known occurrence of fulgurites in Ceará coastline found in the Aracati county. Fulgurites are the result of the natural process of the incidence of electrical discharges of lightning on sand, soil and rocks. The product of this process in sand and soil is a new rock with unique recrystallization characteristics of the material exposed to the discharge. In some occurrences around the world, there is a record of vitrification observed with the naked eye, which was not possible in Aracati. Here, the samples collected are representative of two predominant shapes: oblong and cylindrical. The first form presents cohesion of sand grains in the central part of the sample and friability on the crests, without presenting the cavities characteristic of the cylindrical shape. This, in turn, presents differences in density, fragility and color in relation to the oblong shape. These characteristics are very similar to those of the petrified roots described in the municipality of Itarema as rhizoconcretions, however, Prof. Dr. Marcondes Lima da Costa in Aracati, in March 2024, made it possible to investigate the material with a focus on fulgurites.
Frequency of rs35803318 single nucleotide polymorphism of ACE2 gene among the Kazakhs
Authors: Bisseneva А.К. , Pogossyan G.P. , Li K.G. , Bazarbaeva S.M. , Maratova A.S. , Evtushenkov A.N.
Published: September 2024

In the article the results of genotyping of DNA samples obtained from the study participants on the single nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP) rs35803318 (C/T) of the ACE2 gene were presented. Genotyping was carriedout by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the technique Amplification of the Refractory MutationSystem (ARMS). The frequencies of rs35803318 (C/T) genotypes and alleles in 96 representatives of theKazakh ethnic group living in the Karaganda region were analyzed. The ACE2 gene (angiotensin-convertingenzyme 2) was extensively investigated due to its role in susceptibility to infection by the SARS-CoV-2 viruscausing COVID-19. The ACE2 gene encodes a protein that serves as a receptor for the virus, and its variationscan affect a person's susceptibility to infection. The ACE2 protein plays a role in the regulation of angiotensinand the effect on blood pressure. Therefore, there is a link between ACE2 gene polymorphisms, includingrs35803318, and the development of cardiovascular diseases. According to the results of our study,the CT genotype (63.5 %) is the most common among Kazakhs, the CC genotype was 20.8 % and theTT genotype was 15.6 %. The distribution of polymorphism alleles is as follows: allele C — 52.6 %, allele A— 47.4 %.
Adenophoraphis, a new aphid genus from Kazakhstan (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini)
Authors: Kadyrbekov R.Kh.
Published: September 2024

Currently, 889 species of aphids from three families are known in Kazakhstan: Adelgidae (10 species), Phylloxeridae (2), Aphididae (877) [1]. A new to science genus of aphids Adenophoraphis gen. n. and a new species Adenophoraphis burabaica sp. n. described from Kazakhstan. The specimens of the new taxon were collected in Akmola Region of the northern Kazakhstan in 2002. The new genus belongs to the subtribe Macrosiphina of the tribe Macrosiphini (Aphidinae). It lives on Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A. DC, no ant attendance was observed. During the collection period, only apterous viviparous females were found. The specimens were collected in a deciduous forest, in the Kazakh uplands, on the Kokshetau Upland. The new genus belongs to the subtribe Macrosiphina of the tribe Macrosiphini of the subfamily Aphidinae. In addition to the new genus, the other members of Macrosiphina inhabiting Campanulaceae include Campanulaphis Kadyrbekov, 2016, Megouroleucon Miyazaki, 1971, Tshernovaia Holman et Szelegiewicz, 1964 and Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914.
Synthesis of uniformly distributed optimal control with nonlinear optimization of oscillatory processes
Authors: Kerimbekov A. , Asanova Zh.K. , Baetov A.K.
Published: September 2024

In the article the problem of synthesizing uniformly distributed optimal control for nonlinear optimization of oscillatory processes described by integro-differential partial differential equations with the Volterra integral operator was explored. The study was conducted according to the Bellman-Egorov scheme and an algorithm for constructing a uniformly distributed optimal control in the form of a functional from the state of the controlled process was developed. Sufficient conditions for the solvability of the synthesis problem in nonlinear optimization were established.
Existence of extremal solutions for a class of fractional integro-differential equations
Authors: Kutlay H. , Yakar A.
Published: September 2024

In the study the existence of solutions of a class of fractional integro-differential equations with boundary conditions was considered. The main tool, we employ, is the conventional monotone iterative technique, which is highly effective method to examine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of various nonlinear problems. This technique produces monotone sequences whose iterations are unique solutions of the certain linear problems. These bounds converge uniformly to the maximal solutions of the given problems. Some types of coupled solutions are considered to obtain the claim of the main results under suitable conditions.
Spectrum and resolvent of multi-channel systems with internal energies and common boundary conditions
Authors: Valiyev A.A. , Valiyev M.B. , Huseynov E.H.
Published: September 2024

In the article the spectrum and resolvent of the so-called multichannel systems with nonzero internal energies were investigated. The spectrum and resolvent of multichannel Sturm-Liouville systems with non-zero internal energies mi2 and general boundary conditions were investigated. These systems describe the propagation of partial waves in the theory of quantum physics. The importance of studying the spectral characteristics of these systems is presented in the well-known books of the theory of quantum physics. The finiteness of the number of eigenvalues was proved, the multiplicity of positive eigenvalues was investigated, and as well as the resolvent kernel of the system was found.
On a non-local problem for a fractional differential equation of the Boussinesq type
Authors: Ashurov R.R. , Fayziev Yu.E. , Khudoykulova M.U.
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the fractional partial differential equation of the Boussinesq type has attracted much attention from researchers due to its practical importance. In this paper, we study a non-local problem for the Boussinesq type equation Dtαu(t)+A Dtαu(t)+ν2Au(t) =0, 0<t<T, 1<α<3∕2, where Dtα is the Caputo fractional derivative, and A is an abstract operator. In the classical case, i.e., when α = 2, this problem has been studied previously, and an interesting effect has been discovered: the existence and uniqueness of a solution depend significantly on the length of the time interval and the parameter ν. In this note, we show that in the case of a fractional equation, there is no such effect: a solution of the problem exists and is unique for any T and ν.
Numerical solution of source identification multi-point problem of parabolic partial differential equation with Neumann type boundary condition
Authors: Ashyralyyev C. , Ashyralyyeva T.A.
Published: September 2024

We study a source identification boundary value problem for a parabolic partial differential equation with multi-point Neumann type boundary condition. Stability estimates for the solution of the overdetermined mixed BVP for multi-dimensional parabolic equation were established. The first and second order of accuracy difference schemes for the approximate solution of this problem were proposed. Stability estimates for both difference schemes were obtained. The result of numerical illustration in test example was given.
INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE CONDITION AND SILICA SAND ON FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF WIND TURBINE BRAKE SYSTEM
Authors:   College of Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Mohammed O.A.
Published: September 2024

Major drive train parts for the horizontal wind turbines including the gearbox, generator, and brake system have very high repair and replacement costs and take a long time to complete. This paper investigates the impact of environmental air pollution on drivetrain tribology behaviors. Experimental research of the wind turbine's drive train system is simulated and investigated. The mechanical brake system of wind turbines is the subject of one case study chosen for this research paper. This research paper is examined how impurities affect the friction coefficient of the brake on wind turbines. According to the findings, the friction coefficient rises with each increase in wind turbine shaft speed. Also, it has been discovered that the size of the contaminants' particles significantly affects the friction coefficient. Furthermore, the findings may offer helpful insights of the drive train system that as humidity increased from 30 mm3 to 90 mm3, the coefficient of friction significantly decreased.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE UNDER INFLUENCE OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND ULTRASONIC EXPOSURE
Authors:   chool of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Mostovshchikov A.V. ,   Professor, Department of Physical Electronics, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
Published: September 2024

Hydroxyapatite has a wide range of possible applications in biomedicine, optics and electronics, sensors, catalysis and in environmental decontamination. The present study focused on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite by the wet precipitation method. The influence of drying time on the properties of synthesized material was investigated. The particle size increases from 80 to 200 µm by increasing the drying time from 24 hours to 96 hours. The morphology and properties of hydroxyapatite powders obtained under the action of the ultraviolet radiation and ultrasonic exposure acting together and individually was studied. The obtained samples were analyzed using X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller methods. The results showed that the properties of the obtained hydroxyapatite powders were highly dependent on the synthesis conditions. Ultrasonic treatment at the synthesis stage led to a decrease in the size of the resulting hydroxyapatite particles to 4 µm. The use of ultraviolet radiation at the stabilization stage led to an increase in the content of hydroxyapatite in the reaction products.
CONFORMATIONAL STRUCTURE OF POLYAMPHOLYTES AND POLYELECTROLYTES ON THE SURFACE OF A LONGITUDINALLY POLARIZED GOLD SPHEROCYLINDER
Authors:   Center of Laser and Informational Biophysics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, M.G. Kucherenko M.G.
Published: September 2024

Conformational changes in generally neutral polyampholytic, as well as uniformly charged macrochains, polypeptides adsorbed on the surface of a longitudinally polarized gold spherocylinder—a cylindrical nanorod with spherical ends—were studied. An analytical model of the equilibrium structure of adsorbed macrochains on the surface of a polarized spherocylinder is presented, highlighting the entropy and field factors of the radial-angular distribution of link density. In the course of molecular dynamics simulation, the radial distributions of the density of polypeptide atoms in the central cylindrical part of the nanorod, as well as on its terminal hemispheres, were calculated. In addition, the distributions of the linear density of polypeptide atoms along the axis of the nanorod were calculated. A dumbbell-shaped polyampholyte edge was formed on the surface of the polarized nanorod, dense in the extended central cylindrical part and loose at the ends of the nanorod. There was also a shift of the macromolecular edge from the units of a uniformly charged polypeptide to the oppositely charged end of the nanorod, onwhich this polyelectrolyte edge swelled.
SATURATION OF GAS CONCENTRATION SIGNAL OF THE LASER GAS SENSOR
Authors:   al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zhanabaev Z.Zh.
Published: September 2024

Nowadays it is possible to determine the type of gas with sufficient accuracy when its concentration is less than fractions using spectroscopic methods (optical, radio engineering, acoustic). Along with this, the value of permissible concentrations of explosive, toxic, harmful to technology and ecology gases is practically important. Known physical experimental studies indicate only a linear dependence of the response of a laser gas sensor at units . The research methods for units are based on the processes of combustion, micro-explosion, structural and phase transformations and are not always applicable in real practical conditions. The work is devoted to the analysis of experimentally obtained fluctuations caused by a laser beam in a gas in a photodiode (signal receiver) due to its influence not only at the atomic level, but also on the scale of clusters of nanoparticle molecules. The gas concentration is estimated by the fluctuation-dissipation ratio. It is shown that the signal correlator is saturated to a constant value when the quantum (laser photon energy) and thermal (nanoparticle temperature) factors are comparable with an increase in the concentration of the target gas. The critical values of the saturation concentration are determined by the equality of these two factors.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE RADIOLOCATION DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION OF PROHIBITED ITEMS
Authors:   K. Kulazhanov Kazakh University of Technology and Business, Astana, Kazakhstan, Zhantlessov Y.Zh.
Published: September 2024

The paper presents a scientific and technical substantiation of the parameters of the radar device, which allows to detect and visualize forbidden objects by means of electromagnetic radiation of the microwave range. A model of a multistatic scheme for measuring waves reflected from an object based on the holographic method is developed. A software complex of simulation modeling of radar device operation has been developed, by means of which reconstructions of object images for different configurations of sparse sensor subsystems of the radar device have been obtained. An optimal configuration of the sparse sensor subsystem was selected by the method of peak signal-to-noise ratio analysis, for which a multi static hologram was modeled and a reconstruction of the metal rod image was generated. The reconstruction of the metal rod image obtained as a result of simulation modeling has a recognizable contour, which confirms the prospect of developing an experimental prototype of a radar device for detecting prohibited objects.
Turner Syndrome Associated with Cystic Hygroma in One Twin of a Dichorionic Diamniotic Pregnancy: A Unique Case Report
Authors: Shakya Sumisti
Published: September 2024

We present a rare case of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy, in which one fetus had Turner syndrome associated with cystic hygroma while the other fetus was phenotypically normal. The pregnancy was terminated due to twin A being alive but with cystic hygroma and twin B having missed abortion. Because it was dichorionic diamniotic with discordant gender, karyotyping was done only on the affected fetus, revealing loss of chromosome X-Turner syndrome. This case highlights that in order to gain a better understanding of the underlying genetic pathways, it is important to send tissue samples for investigation, even for fetuses that appear structurally normal. Dichorionic may not be dizygotic.
ENDOVASCULAR ANGIOPLASTY FOR REPEATED REVASCULARIZATION OF THE ARTERIAL BED IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT CHRONIC ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Венгер Ігор К. , Костів Святослав Я. , Колотило Олександр Б. , Гусак Михайло О. , Іваніцький Антон В.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To improve the results of repeated reconstruction of the great vessels in case of relapse of chronic arterial insufficiency by differentiated use of popliteal tibial autovenous bypass grafting and endovascular angioplasty for revascularization of the arteries of the leg.
Materials and methods. The long-term results of surgical treatment of 522 patients were examined, including 353 patients with bilateral atherosclerotic occlusion of the aortic-femoral zone and 159 patients with unilateral occlusion of the ileo-femoral segment. At the primary surgical intervention, 98 patients were diagnosed with chronic arterial insufficiency (CAI) of stage II B, in 228 – CAI of stage III, in 196 – chronic critical ischemia of the lower extremities, stage III – IV. In the long-term postoperative period, 146 (27.97 %) late complications were diagnosed, of which 78 (56.1 %) had a relapse of chronic arterial insufficiency. In 36 patients, CAI stage II B was established, and in 42 – CAI stage III. Patients were re-operated in the period of 5.4 ± 1.9 years after primary revascularization. All men were 64.4 ± 3.1 years old.
Results. The multilevel atherosclerotic lesions of the reconstructed arterial bed, cicatricial changes after the initial surgical intervention, progressive atherosclerotic lesions of the outflow tract required multi-story shunting operations. The success of shunting surgery depends on sufficient revascularization of the outflow paths – the arterial bed of the ankle segment. Revascularization of the distal arterial bed was achieved using popliteal-tibial autovenous bypass grafting (19 cases) and endovascular angioplasty (30 observations). To reduce peripheral vascular resistance and increase the volume of the peripheral vascular bed in 19 (63.3%) cases, endovascular balloon angioplasty of two tibial arteries was performed simultaneously. The postoperative period in 10 (12.8%) patients was complicated by the development of thrombosis of the reconstruction segment. In 7 cases, thrombosis of the reconstruction segment was eliminated. The using of popliteal-tibial autogenous bypass grafting and endovascular angioplasty during revascularization of the ankle segment provided satisfactory results in repeated reconstructive operations in 87.2 % of cases.
Conclusions. For the revascularization of the lower leg arteries, the use of popliteal autovenous shunting and endovascular angioplasty provides 87.2% satisfactory results in repeated reconstructive operations for chronic arterial insufficiency relapse.
Hyperparameters optimization for the machine learning
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Aleksina L. T.
Published: September 2024

There is no single best Hyperparameter Optimization algorithm. Different optimization algorithms meet different Hyperparameter Optimization tasks with different constraints. To accelerate the Hyperparameter Optimization, it is necessary to parallelize training executions of various tests, introduce distributed training and prematurely stop unpromising tests. It is recommended to use a library approach to support the hyperparameter optimization service. Ray Tune is the best by far among the open source Hyperparameter Optimization. Hyperparameter optimisation (HPO) is the process of identifying a set of hyperparameters that yields an optimal model. By optimal, we mean the model that minimises a predefined loss function on a given data set. This is a repeated model training process, except that the neural network is trained with a different set of hyperparameters each time. In this process, the optimal set of hyperparameters will be identified. During the grid search, users specify a limited set of values for each hyperparameter and then select trial hyperparameters from the Cartesian product of these values. Once the grid is constructed, the GPGs are tested with the grid values. The grid search suffers when the number of hyperparameters becomes larger or the parameter search space becomes larger, as in this case the required number of estimates will grow exponentially. Another problem with grid search is its inefficiency. Since grid search treats each set of hyperparameter candidates equally, it will spend a lot of computational resources in the suboptimal configuration space without spending enough computational power on the optimal space.
Methods of generating scenarios of enemy behavior in turn­based strategy games
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Kuzmenko Ye. O.
Published: September 2024

This scientific article is devoted to the methods of generating the scenario of the opponent’s behavior in turn-based strategy games. The opponent in the game is an integral part of the gameplay. The quality of the game as a whole depends on artificial intelligence work, complexity and interaction with the player. The topic of the article focuses on the analysis of existing systems for generating the behavior of the opponent and their shortcomings, as well as on the general characteristics and features of artificial intelligence in turn-based strategy games. The result of the analysis is the conclusion that the existing methods of generating the behavior of the opponent’s artificial intelligence has both a number of advantages and disadvantages. During the comprehensive analysis of existing methodologies in the field, critical challenges pertaining to the predictability of artificial intelligence (AI) adversaries have been revealed. These challenges encompass frequent errors arising from incomplete or imprecise information, limitations in the analysis of diverse decision pathways, and the complexity associated with managing a substantial array of potential actions. Following an exhaustive review of both theoretical concepts and empirical investigations, it is evident that leveraging the foundational principles of RHEA (Rolling Horizon Evolution Algorithm) and MCTS (Monte Carlo Tree Search) holds significant promise for future advancements. The primary objective in forthcoming endeavors involves the refinement and enhancement of the current algorithm designed to generate behavioral scenarios for adversaries within turn-based strategy games. This strategic goal is aimed explicitly at rectifying the deficiencies observed in prior methodologies and augmenting the overall efficacy and quality of gaming experiences.
Increasing the stability of the synchronization mode of the PLL system
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Nelup V. M.
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, the extremely rapid development of the global telecommunications network is accompanied by the search for new and the improvement of already existing radio- and other technologies, which are intended to further advance existing systems towards the construction of even more productive global transport networks, as well as networks of wireless broadband access, including 6G mobile communication networks and networks of subsequent generations. Among the important and widely used systems, it is worth highlighting the radio engineering system such as the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) system, the capabilities for further improvement of which are far from exhausted. In particular, articles on various research issues and the use of the PLL systems for various applications are regularly published in world scientific and engineering publications. The use of PLL covers the issues of stabilizing the frequency of high-frequency generators, building high-precision frequency synthesizers and narrowband tracking filters, signal extraction against the background of noise in Doppler systems, demodulation of signals with frequency and phase modulation, the operation of magnetic recording playback devices, etc. This article analyzes the operating modes of the PLL system, in particular search, capture and hold, and it is found that when searching for the frequency of the reference generator, the system does not provide tuning of the frequency of the voltage-controlled generator as close as possible to this frequency. This, in turn, leads to the fact that after the frequency of the reference generator enters the capture range, the PLL system is instantly activated, which compensates for the current value of the frequency difference between the two generators, using part of the useful capability of the phase detector to process the frequency changes of both generators within the linear section of its discrimination characteristic. This situation is equivalent to not finding the frequencies of the reference and controlled generators, when their frequencies are equal, in the middle of the retention area, which negatively affects the stability of the PLL system as a whole. Based on the conducted analysis and the obtained conclusions, the paper proposes the principle of adjusting the PLL system as close as possible to the middle of the synchronization (holding) area, which ensures increased stability of the system against the influence of external factors, and also positively affects the reduction of the frequency noise level of this system. According to this principle of tuning, a corresponding block diagram of the PLL system was developed and an explanation of the operation of such a scheme was provided.
Using artificial intelligence in digital video production: A systematic review study
Authors: Orak Cihan , Turan Zeynep
Published: September 2024

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have tailored computer systems to meet user needs, thereby enhancing user experience. The application of AI technology in the production of digital videos, particularly in education, is becoming increasingly prevalent. This study aims to explore trends in the use of AI technology for digital video production. To achieve this, a systematic literature review was conducted across the Web of Science, ERIC, Taylor & Francis, Education Full Text EBSCO, and ScienceDirect databases. Studies were selected following the PRISMA flowchart, adhering to inclusion criteria aligned with the study's objectives. Consequently, 21 international studies were analyzed.
The findings indicate that AI supports the creation of diverse digital content, which can serve various purposes such as general guidance, knowledge reinforcement, design and experimentation, and personalized experiences. However, it appears that AI's full potential has not yet been efficiently harnessed. Therefore, it is recommended that future research focus on developing digital content that caters to individual differences, enhances social interaction, includes enriched features, and is adaptable to various environments.
Characteristics, Legal Nature and Taxation of Management Contracts According to the Macedonian Law
Authors: Mihajloski Zoran , Misheva Kristina
Published: September 2024

Managerial contracts are essentially synthesis of the power of management and the power of the leadership of the company. The conclusion of management contracts is not a simple and routine task which the contracting parties will easily access or, on the other hand, they will assign that task to other (third) persons. With the adoption of corporate decisions by the company, at the moment of appointment to the management body, and thus becoming a member of the body, rights and obligations determined by law arise. In the process of transferring the status powers to the management body or the manager, the owners of the companies or their representatives inevitably have to share a part of the power with the elected managers. The managerial contract is an act of free entrepreneurial will of the two parties that conclude the contract. Thus, this contract regulates the salary, allowances, participation in profit, reimbursement for expenses, reimbursement for life insurance, insurable income, and other employment rights and obligations. On the other hand, managers as individuals facing professional risk are to create a professionally based coalition of interests of all those involved in realizing the company’s corporate goals and business policy and thereby enable economic growth and development.