bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network Supports High-Quality Surveillance
Authors: Rota Paul A. , Evans Roger , Ben Mamou Myriam Corinne , Rey-Benito Gloria , Sangal Lucky , Dosseh Annick , Ghoniem Amany , Byabamazima Charles R. , Demanou Maurice , Anderson Raydel , Kim Gimin , Bankamp Bettina , Beard R. Suzanne , Crooke Stephen N. , Ramachandran Sumathi , Penedos Ana , Stambos Vicki , Nicholson Suellen , Featherstone David , Mulders Mick N.
Published: August 2024

With 762 laboratories, the Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network (GMRLN) is the largest laboratory network coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Like the Global Polio Laboratory Network, the GMRLN has multiple tiers, including global specialized laboratories, regional reference laboratories, national laboratories, and, in some countries, subnational laboratories. Regional networks are supervised by regional laboratory coordinators reporting to a global coordinator at WHO headquarters. Laboratories in the GMRLN have strong links to national disease control and vaccination programs. The GMRLN’s goal is to support member states in obtaining timely, complete, and reliable laboratory-based surveillance data for measles and rubella as part of the strategy for achieving measles and rubella elimination. Surveillance data are reported to the national program and are included in annual reports on the status of measles and rubella elimination to national verification committees for review by regional verification commissions. Quality within the GMRLN is ensured by monitoring performance through external quality assurance programs, confirmatory and quality control testing, accreditation, and coordination of corrective action and training where needed. The overall performance of the laboratories has remained high over the years despite many challenges, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic. The GMRLN is well-positioned to support high-quality laboratory-based surveillance for measles and rubella and to transition to supporting laboratory testing for other pathogens, including vaccine-preventable diseases.
Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever
Authors: Song Yiwan , Yuan Zhongmao , Ji Junzhi , Ruan Yang , Li Xiaowen , Wang Lianxiang , Zeng Weijun , Wu Keke , Hu Wenshuo , Yi Lin , Ding Hongxing , Zhao Mingqiu , Fan Shuangqi , Li Zhaoyao , Chen Jinding
Published: August 2024

The occurrence of classical swine fever (CSF) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Developing an effective and safe vaccine is crucial for preventing and controlling CSF. Here, we constructed self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles fused with the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 protein and a derived B cell epitope (Fe-E2B) using a baculovirus expression system (BVES), demonstrating enhanced immunogenicity. Furthermore, we provide a detailed evaluation of the immunological efficacy of the FeE2B in rabbits. The results showed that robust and sustained antibody responses were detected in rabbits immunized with the Fe-E2B nanoparticle vaccine, comparable to those elicited by commercially available vaccines. Additionally, we demonstrated that the vaccine effectively activated crucial immune factors IFN-γ and IL-4 in vivo, increasing their levels by 1.41-fold and 1.39-fold, respectively. Immunization with Fe-E2B enabled rabbits to avoid viremia and stereotypic fever after CSFV challenge. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of ferritin nanoparticles as antigen-presenting carriers to induce robust immune responses, proposing a candidate vaccine strategy for the prevention and control of CSF.
Tracking Measles and Rubella Elimination Progress—World Health Organization African Region, 2022–2023
Authors: Masresha Balcha G. , Wiysonge Charles Shey , Katsande Reggis , O’Connor Patrick Michael , Lebo Emmaculate , Perry Robert T.
Published: August 2024

Measles or rubella elimination is verified when endemic transmission of the corresponding virus has been absent for over 36 months in a defined area, in the presence of a well-performing surveillance system. This report updates the progress by 47 countries in the WHO African Region towards the goal of attaining verification of measles and rubella elimination in at least 80% of the countries of the region by 2030. We reviewed the WHO-UNICEF vaccination coverage estimates for the first and second doses of measles- and measles-rubella-containing vaccines, as well as the available coverage data for measles supplementary immunization activities, during 2022–2023. We also reviewed the measles-surveillance performance and analyzed the epidemiological trends of measles and rubella as reported in the case-based surveillance database. The WHO-UNICEF estimates of first measles vaccine dose (MCV1) and second measles vaccine dose (MCV2) coverage for the African Region for 2022 were 69% and 45%, respectively. Rubella-containing vaccines have been introduced in the routine immunization program in 32 of 47 (68%) countries as of the end of 2022, with no introductions during 2023. In 2022 and 2023, a total of 144,767,764 children were vaccinated in the region with measles or MR vaccines in 24 countries through 32 mass vaccination campaigns. The administrative coverage target of 95% was reached in only 15 (49%) of the 32 vaccination campaigns. In 2023, a total of 125,957 suspected cases of measles were reported through the case-based surveillance system, and 73,625 cases (58%) were confirmed to be measles, either by laboratory testing, by epidemiological linkage, or based on clinical compatibility. A total of 4805 confirmed rubella cases were reported, though this total represents substantial under-ascertainment. The regional incidence of measles was 60.3 cases per million population. Twenty-six countries (55%) met the targets for the two principal surveillance system performance-monitoring indicators. No country in the region has attained the verification of measles or rubella elimination as of the end of 2023. Addressing systemic problems with routine immunization and using tailored approaches to reach unvaccinated children can contribute to progress towards measles and rubella elimination. In addition, periodic and timely high-quality preventive SIAs remain a critical programmatic strategy to reach unvaccinated children.
Follow-Up of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels in Belgian Nursing Home Residents and Staff Two, Four and Six Months after Primary Course BNT162b2 Vaccination
Authors: Meyers Eline , De Rop Liselore , Engels Fien , Gioveni Claudia , Coen Anja , De Burghgraeve Tine , Digregorio Marina , Van Ngoc Pauline , De Clercq Nele , Buret Laëtitia , Coenen Samuel , Deschepper Ellen , Padalko Elizaveta , Callens Steven , Duysburgh Els , De Sutter An , Scholtes Beatrice , Verbakel Jan Y. , Heytens Stefan , Cools Piet
Published: August 2024

When COVID-19 vaccines were implemented, nursing home residents (NHRs) and staff (NHS) in Belgium were prioritized for vaccination. To characterize the vaccine response over time in this population and to identify poorly responding groups, we assessed antibody concentrations two (T1), four (T2) and six months (T3) after primary course BNT162b2 vaccination in six groups of infection-naive/infection-primed NHRs/NHS, with/without comorbidity (NHRs only). Participant groups (N = 125 per group) were defined within a national serosurveillance study in nursing homes, based on questionnaire data. Dried blood spots were analyzed using ELISA for the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 S1RBD IgG antibodies. Among all groups, antibody concentrations significantly decreased between T1 and T2/T3, all with a ≥70% decrease at T3, except for infection-primed staff (−32%). Antibody concentrations among infection-naive NHRs were 11.96 times lower than those among infection-primed NHR, while the latter were comparable (x1.05) to infection-primed NHS. The largest proportion [13% (95% CI: 11–24%)] of vaccine non-responders was observed in the group of infection-naive NHRs with comorbidities. A longer interval between infection and vaccination (≥3 months) elicited higher antibody responses. Our data retrospectively show the necessity of timely COVID-19 booster vaccination. Infection-naive NHRs require special attention regarding immune monitoring in future epidemics or pandemics.
Vaccinations in Paediatric Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Recipients
Authors: Casotti Valeria , Stroppa Paola , Bravi Michela , Tebaldi Alessandra , Loglio Alessandro , Viganò Mauro , Fagiuoli Stefano , D’Antiga Lorenzo
Published: August 2024

Solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates and recipients are a fragile population, in which the presence of a pre-transplant disease leading to organ insufficiency and the post-transplant immunosuppressive treatment expose them to an increased risk of infectious diseases. The best intervention to guarantee efficient prevention of infections, with optimal cost–benefit ratio, is represented by vaccination programs; however, the response to vaccines needs that the immune system maintains a good function. This is even more relevant at paediatric age, when specific immunological conditions make transplant candidates and recipients particularly vulnerable. Paediatric patients may be naïve to most infections and may have incomplete immunization status at the time of transplant listing due to their age. Moreover, the unaccomplished development of a mature immune system and the immunosuppressive regimen adopted after transplant might affect the efficacy of post-transplant vaccinations. Therefore, every effort should be made to obtain the widest vaccination coverage before the transplantation, whenever possible. This review reports the most relevant literature, providing information on the current approach to the vaccinations in paediatric SOT candidates and recipients.
Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) Vaccine Effectiveness against Symptomatic Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Infection among Outpatients in Sentinel Sites, Lebanon, July–December 2021
Authors: Chaito Lina , Stefanoff Pawel , Baruch Joaquin , Farah Zeina , Albuaini Mona , Ghosn Nada
Published: August 2024

On 14 February 2021, Lebanon implemented nationwide vaccination, offering the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine to adults over 50 years of age. We estimated the effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in preventing symptomatic laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. We conducted a test-negative case–control (TND) study among symptomatic adults aged 50 years and older who presented with influenza-like illness (ILI) or COVID-19-like illness (CLI) in surveillance sentinel sites between 1 July and 31 December 2021. Unvaccinated participants did not receive any vaccine dose before symptom onset. Vaccinated participants received at least one dose within 14 days before onset of symptoms. We estimated vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, adjusted for demographic and behavioral factors, using multivariable logistic regression. Out of 457 participants with symptoms, 150 (33%) were positive and 307 (67%) were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 22% (95% CI: −70–65%) for those partially vaccinated and 44% (95% CI: 6–67%) for those fully vaccinated. Vaccination with two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was effective in preventing COVID-19 symptomatic illness in the older population. Vaccine effectiveness was lower for those partially vaccinated. We recommend enhancing vaccine uptake with at least one dose among risk groups for COVID-19 and keeping general recommendations on contact and droplet precautions in the general population.
Elimination of Human Papillomavirus 16-Positive Tumors by a Mucosal rAd5 Therapeutic Vaccination in a Pre-Clinical Murine Study
Authors: Braun Molly R. , Moore Anne C. , Lindbloom Jonathan D. , Hodgson Katherine A. , Dora Emery G. , Tucker Sean N.
Published: August 2024

Therapeutic vaccination can harness the body’s cellular immune system to target and destroy cancerous cells. Several treatment options are available to eliminate pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV), but may not result in a long-term cure. Therapeutic vaccination may offer an effective, durable, and minimally intrusive alternative. We developed mucosally delivered, recombinant, non-replicating human adenovirus type 5 (rAd5)-vectored vaccines that encode HPV16′s oncogenic proteins E6 and E7 alongside a molecular dsRNA adjuvant. The induction of antigen-specific T cells and the therapeutic efficacy of rAd5 were evaluated in a mouse model of HPV tumorigenesis where E6E7-transformed cells, TC-1, were implanted subcutaneously in C57BL/6 mice. After tumor growth, mice were treated intranasally with rAd5 vaccines expressing the wildtype form of E6E7 (rAd5-16/E6E7Wt) in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody or isotype control. Animals treated with rAd5-16/E6E7Wt with and without anti-PD-1 had significant reductions in tumor volume and increased survival compared to controls. Further, animals treated with rAd5-16/E6E7Wt had increased CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and produced a cytotoxic tumor microenvironment. In a second study, the immunogenicity of a non-transformative form of E6E7 (rAd5-16/E6E7Mu) and a vaccine encoding predicted T cell epitopes of E6E7 (rAd5-16/E6E7epi) were evaluated. These vaccines elicited significant reductions in TC-1 tumor volume and increased survival of animals. Antigen-specific CD8+ T effector memory cells were observed in the animals treated with E6E7-encoding rAd5, but not in the rAd5-empty group. The work described here demonstrates that this mucosal vaccination can be used therapeutically to elicit specific cellular immunity and further identifies a clinical candidate with great potential for the treatment and prevention of human cervical cancer.
On the Path to Measles and Rubella Elimination Following Rubella-Containing Vaccine Introduction, 2000–2023, Namibia
Authors: Masresha Balcha G. , Shibeshi Messeret E. , de Wee Roselina , Shapumba Nicholas , Sayi Takudzwa , Reef Susan E. , Goodson James L.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The WHO Measles and Rubella Strategic Framework 2021–2030 within the Immunization Agenda 2030 includes both measles and rubella elimination goals and provides guidance to countries for planning and implementing the measles and rubella elimination strategies. Namibia has been implementing measles elimination strategies since 1997. Methods: We reviewed and described the implementation of measles and rubella elimination strategies and the programmatic and epidemiological situation in Namibia during 2000–2023. Namibia introduced a rubella-containing vaccine (RCV) in 2016 as a combined measles–rubella (MR) vaccine using a MR catch-up campaign, targeting a wide age range based on detailed analysis and triangulation of multiple key data sources including MR vaccination coverage, MR case-based surveillance, detailed measles outbreak investigations, and serosurveys. Results: In 2020, estimated MCV1 coverage in Namibia reached 90% and has been sustained at 91% in 2021 and 2022. MCV2 was introduced in 2016, and the estimated MCV2 coverage has steadily increased to 79% in 2022. Following the MCV2 introduction and the implementation of the wide age range MR catch-up campaign in 2016, annual measles and rubella incidence decreased substantially. During 2017–2023, the period following the implementation of the catch-up MR vaccination SIA in 2016, average annual measles incidence per million population in Namibia decreased by 97% from the average during 2010–2016. Similarly, the average annual rubella incidence decreased by 95% from 2010–2016 to 2017–2023. Discussion: Successful implementation of the 2016 wide age range campaign and maintaining high routine immunization coverage likely led to the significant reduction in measles and rubella incidence in Namibia. To sustain the reduction in measles and rubella incidence and attain the elimination targets, Namibia needs to attain and maintain high routine immunization coverage with both doses of the MR vaccine and implement timely and high-quality periodic MR follow-up SIAs. High-quality elimination-standard measles and rubella surveillance will help guide strategies and serve as the basis for the eventual verification of measles and rubella elimination in Namibia according to the WHO-recommended framework.
Interventions to Reduce COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Black and African American Individuals in the United States: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Masterson Evelyn , Anderson Emma , Savoia Elena
Published: August 2024

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy had major implications for racial health equity at the beginning of the vaccination campaign in the U.S. Interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy among Black and African American individuals partially helped to reduce vaccine hesitancy in specific communities. This article describes findings on interventions to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black and African American individuals from a literature review we conducted. We found 12 studies that described communication, partnerships, and distribution interventions. Regarding communication, examples include a webinar hosted by an academic-community partnership team, information sessions, social media campaigns, educational materials, and virtual town halls. Effective partnerships identified through this literature review were a statewide alliance and one between an academic institution and faith and community leaders. Distribution interventions identified through the literature review were the deployment of multiple tactics to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake (virtual town halls, a confidential employee hotline, department huddles, written educational material, and accessible vaccination stations) and offering to administer the COVID-19 vaccine during medical appointments. The results of this review show that implementing interventions directed at specific minority groups improves COVID-19 vaccine acceptance without undermining overall vaccine distribution or uptake.
Immunometabolic Regulation of Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses in Aging Mice
Authors: Frasca Daniela , Romero Maria , Padula Laura , Fisher Eva , Strbo Natasa
Published: August 2024

Immune cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to meet the demands associated with immune responses. The effects of aging on these pathways and on the metabolic phenotype of the immune cells participating in antibody responses to vaccines are still largely unknown. Here we used a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 that utilizes the cellular heat shock chaperone glycoprotein 96 (gp96), engineered to co-express SARS-CoV-2 Spike (spike) protein (gp96-Ig-S). Results show that this vaccine induces comparable B cell primary responses in young and old mice at later time points, but a significantly lesser secondary response in old as compared to young mice, with the antibodies generated in the secondary response being also of lower avidity. This occurs because aging changes the B cell metabolic phenotype and induces hyper-metabolic B cells that are associated with higher intrinsic inflammation and decreased protective antibody responses. However, the gp96-Ig-S vaccine was found to be effective in significantly reducing the metabolic/inflammatory status of B cells from old mice, suggesting the possibility that targeting metabolic pathways may improve immune function in old mice that do not respond adequately to the vaccine.
SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Lymphocytes Analysis in mRNA-Vaccinated Patients with B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies on Active Treatment
Authors: García Ramírez Patricia , Callejas Charavia Marta , Oliva Martin Raquel , Gómez La Hoz Ana María , Ortega Miguel Ángel , García Suárez Julio , Álvarez-Mon Melchor , Monserrat Sanz Jorge
Published: August 2024

Background: Patients with B-lymphocyte malignancies (BCMs) receiving B-lymphocyte-targeted therapies have increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes and impaired antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in comparison to non-hematologic oncologic patients or general population. Consequently, it is vital to explore vaccine-induced T-lymphocyte responses in patients referred for the understanding of immune protection against SARS-CoV2 infections. The objective of the present study was to analyze the recall immune responses carried out by T lymphocytes after two COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses. Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with BCMs and 10 healthy controls (HCs) after 4 weeks from the second mRNA vaccine dose. Spike (S)-specific T-lymphocyte responses were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBMCs) by intracellular IFN-γ staining combined with flow cytometry. Furthermore, the humoral response was assessed with the measurement of anti-spike antibodies. Results: From March to July 2021, 40 patients (median age 68) received mRNA vaccines. The overall antibody response for BCMs was 52.5% versus 100% for the healthy controls (p = 0.008). The antibody response was different across BCMs: 18.75% for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 54.5% for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 92.3% for multiple myeloma. Responses varied by malignancy type and treatment, with anti-CD20 therapies showing the lowest response (6.7%). T-lymphocyte analysis revealed reduced numbers and altered differentiation stages in patients compared to the controls. However, the vaccine-induced T response was generally robust, with variations in specific T subpopulations. Conclusions: mRNA vaccines induced significant humoral and cellular immune responses in B-cell lymphoid malignancy patients, although responses varied by treatment type and malignancy. Further research is needed to optimize vaccination strategies in this population.
ASUHAN GIZI MALNUTRISI, KURANGNYA PENGETAHUAN PADA PASIEN HENOCH SCHONLEIN PURPURA (HSP) DI RUANG ASAL 6 RSUD AL IHSAN PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Antares Ati Agustina , Dewi Maryati , Purba Jedya Lucas Atemalem , Rahmat Mamat , Hastuti Widi
Published: August 2024

Informasi epidemiologi HSP di Indonesia masih belum dikenal secara jelas. Riset di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, menciptakan kecenderungan kenaikan permasalahan selama tahun 2006 dibanding dengan jumlah permasalahan 5 tahun tadinya. HSP tidak menular serta cenderung dirasakan oleh kanak- kanak yang berumur di bawah 10 tahun1. Henoch- Schonlein purpura( HSP) merupakan bintikbercorak merah ataupun ungu pada kulit sebab terjalin infeksi pembuluh darah pada kulit, sendi, usus serta ginjal Kendala imunitas badan pada penderita HSP diprediksi diakibatkan oleh santapan, obat- obatan, cuaca dingin ataupun gigitan serangga. HSP yang parah bisa menyebabkan komplikasi, sehingga perawatan wajib dicoba secara intensif di rumah sakit. Bila usus terlipat ataupun rusak, penedrita HSP wajib dicoba aksi pembedahan
PENGENALAN ALAT PORTABLE DIGITAL DAN PELATIHAN PENGUKURAN TINGGI BADAN PADA PETUGAS GIZI DAN KADER
Authors: Petrika Yanuarti , Sopiyandi Sopiyandi , Dewintha Rezza
Published: August 2024

Stunting adalah masalah gizi yang buruk berdasarkan Tinggi Badan menurut Umur (TB/U) yang diderita dari masa kecil dan merupakan indicator kekurangan gizi kronis. Penentuan balita stunting umumnya diawali dengan melakukan pengukuran antropometri berupa tinggi badan balita. Tujuan pengabmas adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pengukuran tinggi badan setelah diberikan pelatihan sebanyak dua kali dan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dalam mengukur tinggi badan dengan mikrotois. Pengabmas dilakukan di Puskesmas Telaga Biru dengan sasaran kader dan petugas gizi dengan total responden sebanyak 18 responden. Pengabmas dilakukan dari bulan Mei s.d Juli 2022. Pelatihan diberikan sebanyak 2 kali dan monitoring evaluasi sebanyak 1 kali. Hasil pelatihan dilihat dari pengetahuan pengukuran tinggi badan dan keterampilan pengukuran tinggi badan. Data dianalisis dengan uji dependent test jika data berdistribusi normal dan Wilcoxon rank test jika tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil pada pengabmas ini menunjukkan bahwa Ada perbedaan pengetahuan pengukuran tinggi badan antara pelatihan pertama dan kedua (p=0,002). Responden lebih banyak melakukan pengukuran sesuai urutan (88,9%). Selain itu, 55,6% responden telah melakukan semua tahapan pengukuran tinggi badan. Perlu dilakukannya penyegaran kader dengan melibatkan dosen gizi sebagai pendamping setiap 3 bulan sekali terutama dalam hal pengukuran tinggi badan balita.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PEMANFAATAN BUAH TOMAT (Solanum lycopersium) DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN RESIKO PENYUMBATAN PEMBULUH DARAH DI RW 16, KELURAHAN CIPAGERAN, KECAMATAN CIMAHI UTARA
Authors: Noviar Ganjar , Hayati Eem , Ramadhani Riski Nur , Nurhayati Betty
Published: August 2024

Pada pasien hipertensi terjadi hiperagregasi trombosit. Hiperagregasi trombosit akan memberikan keluaran yang buruk pada stroke infark akut, berupa kematian atau defisit neurologic. Salah satu spesies tanaman dapat berperan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi hiperagregrasi adalah buah tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) yang merupakan tanamanhortikultura yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Kandungan senyawa dalam buah tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) diantaranya solanin (0,007 %), saponin, asam folat, asam malat, asam sitrat, bioflavonoid (termasuk likopen, α dan ß-karoten), protein, lemak, vitamin, mineral dan histamin yang berfungsi sebagai antiagregasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 metode, yaitu metode survei, dan sampling untuk menentukan cakupan pemberdayaan dan diedukasi berupa penyuluhan dan pendampingan. Selain itu, metode lain yang digunakan
 
adalah metode edukasi berupa penyuluhan dan pendampingan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang pemanfaatan buah tomat sebagai pencegahan resiko penyumbatan pembuluh darah. Hasil penelitian sebanyak 20 orang kader dengan presentasi kenaikan 51.67%, sedangkan hasil dari 20 orang warga dengan presentasi kenaikan 75.06%. Hasil uji Wilcoxon dengan nilai p (Sig) < 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai yang bermakna antara nilai pre-test dengan nilai post-test kader dan warga RW. 16 Kelurahan Cipageran, Kecamatan Cimahi Utara, Kota Cimahi.
PELATIHAN KADER KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DI DESA KARYAMEKAR KEC.CILAWU DALAM MENCEGAH TERJADINYA STUNTING
Authors: Chaerudin Denden Ridwan , Heriyanto Yonan , Widyastuti Tri , Praptiwi Yenni Hendriani , Rizqi M. Aris
Published: August 2024

Stunting is a nutritional problem caused by a lack of nutritional intake from food that lasts long enough. Good and proper nutrition is important to support dental health. Conversely, dental health is also important for adequate nutritional intake. The severity of dental caries is a risk of lack of nutritional intake. The stunting rate of Garut Regency is currently at 23%, while the national average is 21%. According to the performance report of Bojongloa Health Center in December 2022 there were 82 toddlers with stunting cases, and there were 38 toddlers with malnutrition status. The purpose of this community service is to help the community, especially cadres and pregnant women, in increasing knowledge about oral health through the regional partnership program. The cadres involved totaled 22 people, who were representatives from each RW 01 - 11 of 10 posyandu. The results before training showed the average value obtained by cadres was 3.5 and 7.5 average value obtained after training. At the time of cadre assistance, the average value obtained before counseling on pregnant women was 4.4, and after counseling an average value of 6.8 was obtained. While the results of the assessment of cadre skills in counseling are in the moderate category. Conclusion: there is an increase in cadre knowledge about dental health and balanced nutrition with moderate kreteria (72%), and the results of the evaluation of cadre skills in counseling pregnant women with sufficient kreteria.
PENGARUH DISINFEKTAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, dan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633
Authors: Ridwan Farid Muchammad , Wahyuni Yeni , Solihat Mohamad Firman , Dermawan Asep
Published: August 2024

Kontaminasi mikroorganisme baik bakteri, yeast, mould, ataupun virus merupakan masalah yang serius di laboratorium mikrobiologi maupun di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Pengendalian terhadap bakteri kontaminan di laboratorium dapat dilakukan dengan pemantauan lingkungan atau Environmental monitoring (EM). Tujuan Environmental monitoring adalah untuk memastikan jumlah partikel di udara dalam batas yang ditentukan, memperkirakan keefektifan proses pembersihan dan proses disinfeksi. Penggunaan disinfektan secara benar dan metode penggunaan yang tepat merupakan elemen dasar dalam pencegahan infeksi pada layanan kesehatan. Efektivitas prosedur desinfeksi bergantung pada banyak faktor (misalnya, waktu kontak, konsentrasi akhir bahan aktif). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh disinfektan terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, dan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Quasi Eksperimen. Sampel Alkohol 70%, Isopropil Alkohol 70%, dan Benzalkonium klorida 0,75% dipaparkan terhadap S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, dan B. subtilis ATCC 6633 dengan Waktu kontak 1, 5, dan 10 menit. Analisis data secara statistik pada penelitian menggunakan uji Cochran Q. Metode penelitian menggunakan Hard Surface Carrier Test. Hasil dari analisis uji Cochran Q menunjukkan nilai Asymptotic Significance > 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik tersebut dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara waktu kontak (1 menit, 5 menit dan 10 menit) dan disinfektan (Alkohol 70%, Isopropanol 70%, Benzalkonium klorida 0,75%) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, dan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633.
VARIASI WAKTU KONTAK PADA FILTER MANGANESE GREENSAND DAN PASIR SILIKA TERHADAP PENURUNAN MANGAN (Mn) DALAM AIR BERSIH
Authors: Srinati Ine , Prijanto Teguh Budi
Published: August 2024

PT Dirgantara Indonesia merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi pesawat terbang dan persenjataan. Pemantauan kualitas lingkungan industri penting dilakukan sebagaimana diatur dalam PMK No.70 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar dan Persyaratan Kesling Kerja Industri. Salah satu parameter kualitas air bersih yang wajib diperiksa adalah kadar mangan (Mn), jika konsentrasinya diatas baku mutu dapat berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan karyawan. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium kadar mangan pada air bersih di gedung perkantoran sebesar 0,66 mg/liter, sedangkan untuk baku mutu kadar mangan yang diperbolehkan adalah 0,5 mg/liter. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengurangi kadar mangan pada air bersih yang biasa digunakan karyawan di gedung perkantoran dengan menggunakan filter bermedia Manganese Greensand dan Pasir Silika. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis eksperimen post test design with control dengan variabel bebas waktu kontak air dengan filter dan variabel terikatnya kadar mangan (Mn) air bersih yang digunakan di gedung perkantoran produksi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara grab sampling, populasi sampel berupa reservoir gedung perkantoran bervolume 19 Liter. Pemeriksaan kadar mangan sebelum perlakuan dan sesudah perlakuan dengan waktu kontak tiga menit, lima menit dan tujuh menit menggunakan metode SNI 6989.5:2009 tentang Cara Uji mangan (Mn) secara Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) - Nyala. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar mangan dengan variasi waktu kontak secara uji Kruskal Wallis. Persentase penurunan kadar mangan terbesar pada waktu kontak tujuh menit yaitu sebesar 87,36%. Penggunaan filter bermedia manganese greensand dan pasir silika efektif untuk proses pengolahan air bersih lanjutan di gedung perkantoran.
PENGARUH LATIHAN RESISTENSI TERHADAP KADAR HBA1C LANSIA DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Rekawati Etty , Sahar Junaiti , Rachmawati Utami
Published: August 2024

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit metabolik yang umum terjadi pada lansia. Salah satu komponen kunci dalam manajemen diabetes adalah aktivitas fisik. Berbagai penelitian dilakukan untuk menguji efektivitas latihan fisik terhadap kontrol glikemik dan ditemukan bahwa latihan fisik dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin serta meningkatkan kontrol glikemik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan resistensi terhadap HbA1c lansia diabetesi. Metode penelitian dengan tinjauan sistematis pada data base ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO Host, Clinical Key Nursing, dan Science Direct. Kriteria artikel yang dicari adalah terbit antara tahun 2018 sampai 2023 dan berbahasa inggris. Ditemukan 7.812 artikel berdasarkan kata kunci (Older adult OR elderly OR aged OR Older People OR Older person) AND (type 2 diabetes OR diabetes OR diabetes mellitus OR Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus OR NIDDM OR Diabetes Mellitus Type II) AND ("resistance exercise" OR "resistance training" OR "Strength Training") AND (HbA1c OR Glycated Hemoglobin OR Hemoglobin A1c OR glycemic index) dan tersisa 9 artikel setelah dilakukan penapisan menggunakan PRISMA. Hasil tinjauan sistematis dari 9 artikel menunjukkan bahwa latihan resistensi berpengaruh terhadap kontrol glikemik jika dilakukan dengan pendekatan sirkuit (serangkaian latihan dilakukan secara berurutan) atau progresif (peningkatan intensitas atau beban latihan secara bertahap) serta adanya pengawasan.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN SKABIES PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Adilah Shofiyyah , Ashar Yulia Khairina , Agustina Dewi
Published: August 2024

Skabies merupakan penyakit kulit menular yang banyak terjadi di daerah pemukiman dengan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi seperti pondok pesantren. Penyakit ini jika tidak ditangani dengan baik akan mengganggu kenyamanan dan dapat menghambat pencapaian hasil belajar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku pencegahan skabies remaja putri di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Uswah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bulan februari 2024 di Pondok Pesantren Al-Uswah Kuala Kabupaten Langkat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional.Populasinya berjumlah 100 remaja putri.Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah 100.Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner perilaku pencegahan skabies. Perilaku dalam menghentikan penyebaran penyakit skabies merupakan variabel terikat, sedangkan pengetahuan dan sikap merupakan Variabel bebas.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian 54% responden menunjukkan perilaku negatif untuk menghentikan penyebaran skabies, 10% responden memiliki sikap yang kurang, dan 55% responden kurang mendapatkan informasi yang tepat. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara sikap dengan perilaku (p=0,002) dan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku (p=0,019) dalam mencegah penyebaran penyakit skabies. Dari temuan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada remaja putri yang bersekolah di Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Uswah terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku untuk menghindari penyebaran penyakit skabies.  Direkomendasikan untuk melakukan upaya promotif dan preventif seperti edukasi masyarakat tentang Perilaku Pencegahan Skabies dan penyelenggaraan Poskestren (Pos Kesehatan Pesantren) diperlukan koordinasi dengan petugas kesehatan setempat.
lepra e a tarkat
Authors: Dallacqua de Carvalho Leonardo
Published: August 2024

Este estudo busca explorar, em perspectiva histórica, a representação de uma doença no jogo eletrônico Mortal Kombat 1 (2023). No jogo, a fictícia doença “tarkat” pode ser associada à lepra (hanseníase).  Tendo em mente a análise dos jogos eletrônicos como fonte histórica, alinhada à História das Ciências, especialmente no debate sobre as representações sociais das doenças, pretende-se examinar como a narrativa do personagem Baraka foi construída para abordar questões morais e físicas relacionadas à compreensão da doença e do doente na imaginação social. Quando o texto foca na História Pública, a relação entre doença e empatia aparece em discussões entre usuários em plataformas de redes sociais, como Reddit e YouTube. A seção final do texto propõe a transformação do personagem por meio de um enredo no qual a doença reimagina sua história no jogo. Assim, um personagem que anteriormente era visto com repulsa devido à sua deformidade física, ao ser reimaginada como vítima de uma doença degenerativa e fatal, provoca sensibilidade e uma reinterpretação de sua personalidade.
Modulações da História na Cultura Digital
Authors: Correia Luiz Filipe
Published: August 2024

Esse artigo apresenta uma discussão historiográfica sobre a História Digital a partir dos contextos de transformações tecnológicas, que propiciaram o surgimento da cultura digital entre as últimas décadas do século XX e as primeiras do século XX. A partir de 11 textos de historiadores e historiadoras, de diferentes períodos e contextos, que abordam as relações entre a disciplina de história e a tecnologia, serão verificadas recorrências e permanências de temas, além das implicações teórico-metodológicas e dos desafios impostos à prática historiográfica pela popularização das tecnologias digitais.
“Anos Tenebrosos”: a luta armada na obra da Brasil Paralelo
Authors: Cleto Murilo
Published: August 2024

Fundada em 2016, no auge da crise político-institucional brasileira, a Brasil Paralelo consiste numa das mais expressivas iniciativas de História Pública Digital das novas direitas brasileiras. Seu revisionismo ideológico já se debruçou sobre as mais diferentes temáticas da História do Brasil, como a colonização, a escravidão negra e, claro, o regime militar. A ditadura é tema especialmente sensível para a empresa, considerando sua postura de oposição aos públicos dominantes no debate público e sua compreensão acerca do que define como “marxismo cultural”. Com a promessa de desmentir professores, pesquisadores e jornalistas, o documentário “1964 - O Brasil entre armas e livros” é a produção mais completa da Brasil Paralelo sobre o tema. Nela, são discutidos Guerra Fria, interferências estrangeiras, o golpe militar, censura, repressão e a atuação da luta armada. Neste artigo, serão debatidos os conceitos de História Pública e História Digital, seguidos por um panorama da atuação da Brasil Paralelo no debate público e uma análise do seu revisionismo ideológico diante da resistência armada à ditadura.
Locus e a excelência do PPGH-UFJF
Authors: Mattos Hebe
Published: August 2024

Editorial - Locus: Revista de História - "Locus e a excelência do PPGH-UFJF".
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KLINIS DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SMA NEGERI 1 KECAMATAN SEMENDE DARAT ULU KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM
Authors: Handayani Reska , Ahyani Nur , Nurlina Nurlina
Published: August 2024

The objectives of this research: 1) To determine the effect of clinical supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency; 2) To determine the effect of supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency; 3) To determine the effect of clinical supervision and supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency. This research was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency with a total research sample of 57 teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation studies and distributing questionnaires. The results of this research are: 1) There is a partially significant influence between clinical supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency, where the calculated t value is greater than t table (3.274 > 1.671); 2) There is a partially significant influence between supervision on the work performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency where the calculated t value is greater than t table (3.127 > 1.671)
PERENCANAAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Bahtiar Luski , Harapan Edi , Nugroho Heri Setiyo
Published: August 2024

This research aims: 1) To describe independent curriculum planning in improving the quality of learning at SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency; 2) To describe the independent curriculum planning strategy in improving the quality of learning at SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency; 3) Describe the obstacles experienced by SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency in improving the quality of learning. This research is descriptive qualitative with SWOT analysis. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The research data sources were 8 principals and teachers. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of this research are: 1) Independent curriculum planning to improve the quality of learning at SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, OKI Regency has been carried out well; 2) The strategy for implementing the independent curriculum in improving the quality of learning at SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, OKI Regency has been implemented as expected; 3) The obstacles experienced by SD Negeri 1 Bumiarjo Makmur, Lempuing District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency in improving the quality of learning can be overcome well.
MANAJEMEN BIMBINGAN KONSELING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Yusup Wirastiani Binti
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the planning, organizing, implementation and evaluation of guidance and counseling management at SMA Negeri 5 Palangka Raya. Improving the quality of educational services is a target that needs to be strengthened, considering that educational institutions are still not fully able to meet society's needs in recruiting quality graduates. The research method used is a qualitative method; Based on research conducted regarding the management of guidance counseling at SMA Negeri 5 Palangka Raya, it can be concluded: 1) planning guidance counseling is planned through identifying student needs, determining goals and determining resources, 2) organizing guidance counseling is carried out through the division of work tasks for each teacher counseling guidance, organizational structure of counseling guidance, mechanisms for handling problematic students and classification of problematic students, 3) implementation of counseling guidance providing information services, orientation services, responsive services, individual services, group services, case studies, peer guidance using methods modeling and classical and counseling guidance evaluation is carried out through questionnaires or evaluation forms.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN TANTANGAN MENINGKATKAN MUTU SEKOLAH DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Margana Juli Susila , Hidayati Dian , Suyatno Suyatno
Published: August 2024

The objectives of this research: 1) To determine the effect of clinical supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency; 2) To determine the effect of supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency; 3) To determine the effect of clinical supervision and supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency. This research was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency with a total research sample of 57 teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation studies and distributing questionnaires. The results of this research are: 1) There is a partially significant influence between clinical supervision on the performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency, where the calculated t value is greater than t table (3.274 > 1.671); 2) There is a partially significant influence between supervision on the work performance of teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Semende Darat Ulu, Semende Darat Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency where the calculated t value is greater than t table (3.127 > 1.671)
HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK MAHASISWA REKAM MEDIS DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR
Authors: Wiranata Tyansa Eka Sampoerna , Rumana Nanda Aula , Widjaja Lily , Putra Daniel Happy
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the relationship between student academic abilities and learning outcomes in final year students of the Medical Records and Health Information Study Program at one of the universities in Jakarta. The research method used is quantitative analysis using the independent T-test where researchers describe the relationship between students' academic abilities and learning outcomes. Based on the research results, it was found that the average age of students was 22 years with the majority of students being female, namely 77.8%. The description of academic ability is 88.9% good and 11.1% not good. The average learning outcome description is 3.51 with the largest learning outcome being 3.97 and the smallest being 2.66. Based on the research results, it was found that there was a significant relationship between learning outcomes and academic abilities (p-value <0.002). Where respondents whose academic abilities are good have a higher learning outcome score of 3.54 compared to respondents whose academic abilities are not good, namely 3.25. So, it can be seen that there is a quite significant correlation between academic ability and learning outcomes.
Strategies to Overcome Hurdles in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Lee Byung Joon , Moon Sehoon , Lee Hojeong , Lee Juyong , Kim Byung-Soo , Jung Keehoon , Seo Hyungseok , Chung Yeonseok
Published: August 2024

Despite marked advancements in cancer immunotherapy over the past few decades, there remains an urgent need to develop more effective treatments in humans. This review explores strategies to overcome hurdles in cancer immunotherapy, leveraging innovative technologies including multi-specific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, myeloid cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, artificial intelligence (AI)-predicted neoantigens, autologous vaccines, and mRNA vaccines. These approaches aim to address the diverse facets and interactions of tumors’ immune evasion mechanisms. Specifically, multi-specific antibodies and CAR T cells enhance interactions with tumor cells, bolstering immune responses to facilitate tumor infiltration and destruction. Modulation of myeloid cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts targets the tumor’s immunosuppressive microenvironment, enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. AI-predicted neoantigens swiftly and accurately identify antigen targets, which can facilitate the development of personalized anticancer vaccines. Additionally, autologous and mRNA vaccines activate individuals’ immune systems, fostering sustained immune responses against cancer neoantigens as therapeutic vaccines. Collectively, these strategies are expected to enhance efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, opening new horizons in anticancer treatment.