bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of lightning‐induced overvoltage on a 10 kV distribution line based on electromagnetic return‐stroke model using finite‐difference time‐domain
Authors: Duan Pan , Zhang Lianfang , Huang Xiaogang , Sun Jian , Qi Yue , Yang Qing
Published: January 2024

Accurate simulation of lightning‐induced overvoltage for overhead distribution lines is helpful to prevent lightning trip accidents. An electromagnetic return‐stroke model was used to represent lightning and then a 3D finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method was adopted to simulate the lightning‐induced overvoltage on a distribution line without a field‐line coupling model. How lightning‐induced overvoltage behave for different ground conductivity and varying distance between the distribution line and the lightning channel was analysed. The results showed that the overvoltage waveforms at the centre point of the line corresponding to lightning strikes on the lossy ground and an ideal ground (σ = ∞) were similar; however, the peak amplitudes of the waveform were affected by soil conductivity at a close distance. The relationship between magnitude of the overvoltage and distance can be described by a second‐order exponential decay equation. Finally, the overvoltage calculated using the proposed model was compared with those obtained based on Agrawal's model and measurements made using the newly developed intelligent insulator on site. From these comparisons, it could be concluded that the FDTD method with the electromagnetic return‐stroke model produces reasonably accurate results of the attenuated oscillation waveform, which can better reproduce the overvoltage on operational distribution lines.
An efficient power control strategy for active mitigation of blade in‐plane fatigue loading in PMSG‐based wind turbines
Authors: Safaeinejad Ali , Rahimi Mohsen , Zhou Dao , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: January 2024

This paper assesses the dynamic performance of permanent magnet synchronous generator‐based wind turbine (WT) regarding the blade in‐plane fatigue loads once the WT is controlled in power control mode. Blade in‐plane oscillations, associated with the poorly blade in‐plane modes, can be excited by turbulent winds or grid disturbances that may lead to damage of the blades and reduce the drive‐train reliability. To overcome this drawback, at first, a model with three degrees of freedom is extracted for the drive‐train system, and then, an active mitigation approach is proposed to mitigate the blade in‐plane oscillations. The proposed method can effectively suppress the blade in‐plane vibrations by adding a supplementary term into the power control loop that is proportional to the speed difference between the blade and generator. The speed difference between the blade and generator is obtained by estimation of the blade‐hub and hub‐generator shaft torsional torques. Next, the performance of the proposed active mitigation approach is examined by the modal and frequency response analyses and time‐domain simulations. Finally, it is shown that the proposed approach has superior performance over the conventional approaches based on the simplified drive‐train model and crossing the measured generator speed through a band‐pass filter.
Systemic philosophical principles of research in agricultural practice
Authors: Telebaev G.T. , Abulkhairov D.K.
Published: January 2024

The article considers the possibilities of applying the systemic philosophical principles in practice. The philosophical systemic analysis applied in the study for the analysis of the given issue in agriculture makes it possible to demonstrate the integrity of the system, with the existence of links and contradictions between its elements. In this case, systemic analysis provides for the study of the considered production process as a system, with regard for all necessary internal interrelations of the process elements, relationship of the objects involved in the process with the environment, external interaction with other objects, towards achievement of a certain goal. The system is treated as a set of interrelated elements isolated from the environment and interacting with it as a whole.
Antibacterial activity of chlorophyll polymeric form against test cultures S. aureus and E. coli
Authors: Gruznov Dmitry Vyacheslavovich , Gruznova Olga Alexandrovna , Lobanov Anton Valerievich , Shcherbakova Gulizar Shakhbanovna , Chesnokova Irina Pavlovna
Published: January 2024

The increase in the number of microorganism strains with resistance to anti-bacterial and disinfecting agents is getting more and more prevalent and has become an issue when treating the human and animals diseases and carrying out measures for disinfection treatment. This problem can be solved by using photodynamic and light-independent therapy. In both areas, metalloporphyrins have been successfully used for many years. One of the most famous representatives of porphyrins is chlorophyll (Chl). This work aims to develop of Chl polymeric form by incorporation in poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and study its inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which are known as contaminants of the mucous and skin epithelium of humans and animals. The preparation method of Chl polymeric form is presented. The degree of Chl incorporation into PLA was more than 98%. The assessment of antimicrobial activity was carried out by measuring the inhibition zone diameters after bacterial incubation for 24–96 h. It was shown that Chl and Chl-PLA at a dosage of 75 µg inhibited S. aureus significantly. The exclusively bacteriostatic effect on E. coli was observed. These results can be used in the development of dosage forms and disinfectants.
Development of water resources infrastructure in the Kyrgyz Republic: conflict potential
Authors: Yusupova Gulshara Niyazovna , Yugai Nina Arkadievna , Choguldurov Muktar Duishionovic , Khubieva Svetlana Aminovna
Published: January 2024

The article examines the potential of the infrastructure of water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic through the prism of the economic sustainability of the country, as well as issues of management and use. Water resources management is crucial for the further development of Kyrgyzstan. This includes improving the efficiency of water use in agriculture, responsible and sustainable development of hydropower resources, ensuring access to clean water for all segments of the population. The problems facing the water resources of Kyrgyzstan are noted, which, with the right policies, can use its water resources to promote economic growth and improve the well-being of its citizens. The potential of the water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic, which play an important role in the economic and political security of not only our country, but also the entire region of Central Asia, is considered. The water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic are completely formed on its own territory, and this is the political, economic and strategic advantage of the country. Kyrgyzstan is the only country in Central Asia with impressive water and hydropower resources. This should be Kyrgyzstan’s biggest chance as a “water power”.
Consideration of the ecological factor during the cadastral assessment of the land of industrial enterprises
Authors: Volovich Nikolai Vladimirovich , Skatov Maxim Alekseevich
Published: January 2024

In 2022, a new state cadastral assessment took place in the Russian Federation, which does not determine the details of including a sanitary protection zone and assessing its cost to adjust the total cost of plots. The purpose of this study is to justify a return to the normative establishment of tax rates, taking into account changes in the state policy of regulating land and property relations. The purpose of the study was achieved by performing two tasks: analysing the share of the area of the sanitary protection zone, which should be taken into account when assessing the main land use of the enterprise, and determining the cost of this part of the sanitary protection zone. To solve the problems, standards and theoretical works are analysed, as well as the actual practice of using sanitary protection zones with regulatory requirements is compared. The result of the study is the possibility to use aggregated methods to calculate additional adjustments for industrial sites and territories with a sanitary protection zone, using the norms of green spaces and the costs of creation. These results can serve as a basis for the development of effective measures and regulations in the field of taxation of land and property relations.
Simulation modelling of traffic flow of the east-west latitudinal corridor for socio-economic development of the Novosibirsk region
Authors: Krasnikov Aleksander , Nikishina Irina , Mudrakova Olga , Krasilnikov Igor
Published: January 2024

The article presents the study’s results to assess the degree of impact of different categories of objects on traffic flows in the city of Novosibirsk (Russia). The main feature of the area is its intersection with the Trans-Siberian Railway. The highway is a transport corridor linking states in the European part of the continent with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Using structurization, analysis, synthesis, and simulation modeling allowed us to obtain a quantitative and qualitative description of the key objects whose behavior significantly affects the implementation of traffic flows in the study area. Formal rail, road, and pedestrian behavior models are studied and presented. Such models became the basis of simulation modeling, allowing us to estimate the degree of influence of modernization of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the objects of street road infrastructure of Novosibirsk adjacent to the relevant sections of the railway.
Comparative analysis of phonetic and phonological features in english and russian agricultural terminology
Authors: Alieva Malika Alybekovna , Muratova Adina Abdiraimovna , Ibraeva Kanykei Tynarbekovna
Published: January 2024

This article presents a comparative analysis of phonetic and phonological features in English and Russian agricultural terminology. The study delves into the distinctive sound characteristics of these languages within the context of agriculture, shedding light on how these features impact translation and communication in this domain. By examining the phonetic nuances and phonological patterns specific to each language, this research provides insights into the challenges and solutions encountered in the translation of agricultural terms between English and Russian. Additionally, the paper explores the influence of cultural differences on the sound structure of agricultural terminology and underscores the importance of accurate and culturally sensitive language adaptation in the field of agriculture. This comparative analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the linguistic aspects of agricultural communication and translation, offering valuable guidance for linguists, translators, and agricultural specialists.
Epics on the Great Silk Road: the influence of agriculture on literature and culture
Authors: Alieva Malika Alybekovna , Keldibaeva Nargiza Beksultanovna , Ibragimova Aida Ibragimovna
Published: January 2024

This article explores the intricate relationship between agriculture, literature, and culture along the Great Silk Road. The Silk Road, a historical network of trade routes that spanned from East Asia to the Mediterranean, served as a conduit for not only goods but also the exchange of ideas, stories, and artistic expressions. Focusing on the profound impact of agriculture on this epic journey, the study delves into how the cultivation of crops and the rural way of life influenced the development of literature and the formation of cultural identities along this ancient trade route. By examining the interplay of agricultural practices, folk traditions, and epic narratives, this article sheds light on the synergy between the tangible and intangible aspects of life on the Silk Road. It discusses how agricultural abundance and the rhythms of rural existence shaped the storytelling traditions, beliefs, and cultural expressions of the diverse communities inhabiting this vast trade network. Drawing from historical records, literary works, and cultural artifacts, we identify the recurring motifs, characters, and themes that emerged from the agricultural roots of Silk Road societies and their lasting impact on global culture. Through a comprehensive analysis of the historical and cultural context, this article underscores the lasting influence of agriculture on literature and culture along the Great Silk Road, highlighting the enduring significance of this unique intersection of trade, agriculture, and storytelling.
Improving the technological process of dismantling rail and sleeper grids through the use of a removable catcher
Authors: Nepomnyashchikh Evgeny V. , Kirpichnikov Konstantin A. , Komisarchuk Galina S. , Efimova Sophia A.
Published: January 2024

The maintenance and development of railway infrastructure requires a significant amount of repair and construction work. The most labour-intensive and time-consuming type of repair is a major track repair. The development strategy of the track complex sets tasks for planning and organizing track repair work, taking into account the fulfilment of the requirements for highly efficient use of track machines, ensuring their production at the level of passport characteristics. The article discusses the problem of dismantling a rail and sleeper grid using a laying crane, namely the process of lowering the first link of the package onto the crane platform. In a curved section of track, the problem arises that the inverted rail does not reach the platform rollers. Equipping the platforms with additional removable catchers will eliminate the process of rocking the inverted link by track fitters.
Design solutions for construction of autoelectric refueling stations in the conditions of rocky soils
Authors: Zhuravlev Roman R. , Subbotin Artem S. , Galkin Egor V. , Chernikova Polina E.
Published: January 2024

In today’s world, the electric car is no longer a fantasy, but an ordinary vehicle that also requires a battery charging station. This is impossible without infrastructure development, especially in mountainous and rocky regions. The appearance of electric charging stations on public roads shows the development of the region, which affects the transportation system, namely its expansion and demand. Despite their simplicity, buildings on rocky soils are difficult to design and require special engineering solutions. The structures themselves should act, as one of the ideas of the electric car, as a picture of ecology, that is, they should be made of eco material and not harm the environment with harmful vapors and waste. If we take apart the design of electric refueling station, the charging stations can act not only as a place to replenish the charge to the battery, but also points of interest, such as: observation decks, places for recreation, etc., as well. Overall, the information raised in this article may help the future of the construction industry as possible designs will soon become ubiquitous.
A unified approach for measuring the level of service of transport infrastructure
Authors: Radionov Timofei , Mikhalev Anton , Kuznetsov Aleksandr , Mityukhin Denis
Published: January 2024

This article aims to discuss the problem of road traffic management and the criteria for its measurement. The article uses the concept of service level as the most important characteristic in the assessment of transport infrastructure. The differences in approaches to determining the level of service in the world practice are considered. The problem is outlined of non-uniform metrics used to measure the level of service for various road elements in existing methodologies. A comparison is made of the assessment of the level of service of a traffic lane in the Russian and foreign approaches in the choice of coefficients and the method of their calculation. Changes are proposed to the existing Rosavtodor methodology for assessing the capacity of a lane, a roundabout, an unregulated and regulated intersection, which can simplify the assessment of the level of service. As a result, an example of the application of the proposed unified approach in calculating the capacity of a controlled intersection is given. Finally, a conclusion is drawn about the need for a new approach, the advantages of using unified metrics for the level of service assessment are highlighted, and the vector of future research on this problem is also outlined.
Development of a simulation model for controlling energy storage systems on electric trains
Authors: Istomin Stanislav , Shatohin Andrej
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the experience of using electrical energy storage devices on multiple unit rolling stock, both in Russia and abroad. It is noted that the use of energy storage systems in railway transport in Russia lags somewhat behind its foreign colleagues. The main assumptions taken when performing simulation modeling of the operation of energy storage systems on an electric train are presented. Simulations of the operation of energy storage systems were carried out using the MatLab software package. Simulation models of an electric train with an energy storage device, a model of a heater for heating an electric train car, a model of a hybrid energy storage system, a model of a supercapacitor unit, and batteries are presented. The algorithm of operation of the active topology of a hybrid drive is considered. The developed simulation models have been tested. Graphs of the voltage at the pantograph and the current consumed by the electric train were obtained, as well as graphs of the operation of the battery and supercapacitor in charge/discharge modes.
Calculation of the economic and environmental efficiency of introducing advanced technologies in the energy supply of buildings
Authors: Koroli Mekhriya , Ivanisova Adelya
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the use of advanced cogeneration technologies at existing combined heat and power plants, regulating the supply of thermal energy in a building using an individual heating point. For Uzbekistan, an urgent problem is the serious study of the use of energysaving technologies, in particular in the heat supply systems, for the efficient use of investments. The achieved effect of reducing specific energy consumption for the production and consumption of thermal energy to the level of world standards will ensure the energy and environmental security of the country, which urgently requires accelerating the implementation of these projects. The search for large and small projects for the technical and technological renewal of production to ensure the competitiveness of products, as well as the means and sources for this should first become the most important task and responsibility of the manager and engineering staff of each heat supply enterprise. The article provides calculations on the basis of which the payback, investment, efficiency of measures in the field of renewable energy sources for electricity and heat supply are determined, as well as the calculation of thermal energy savings when installing an individual heating point.
Force analysis of roller squeezing mechanism
Authors: Khurramov Shavkat , Khalturaev Farkhad , Kurbanova Feruza , Absamatov Zukhriddin
Published: January 2024

Force analysis of roller squeezing mechanisms was conducted on the basis of analytical dependencies obtained to determine the energypower parameters of roller squeezing of semi-finished leather products after dyeing. These dependencies were determined taking into account the hydraulic pressure during squeezing. It was revealed that the thickness of the leather layer and the radius of the roll have the greatest influence on the energy-power parameters. With a decrease in the thickness of leather and the radius of the roll, the gripping force can be reduced due to a decrease in the extent of the contact zone. A decrease in the roll radius reduces the torque and power required to rotate the roll.
Development of a reduced-order virtual model of a diesel locomotive cooling module
Authors: Goryunov Alexander , Shmakov Arthur , Skachkov Anton , Kharlamova Yekaterina , Glebova Maria
Published: January 2024

The article describes the process of developing a virtual model of a reduced-order cooling module for subsequent integration into a 1D virtual model of a diesel locomotive. A description of the steps in the model creation process is provided, including data collection, selection of mathematical models, and verification and validation procedures. The results of the work show that the created virtual model provides a convenient and accurate tool for analyzing and optimizing the cooling system of a diesel locomotive, which expands the possibilities for optimizing the design and improving the system control algorithms, which in turn leads to increased reliability and efficiency of its operation. The study highlights the prospects for the application of reduced-order virtual models in the railway industry.
Predictive maintenance of cutting tools using artificial neural networks
Authors: Karimova Nazokat , Ochilov Ulugbek , Yakhshiev Sherali , Egamberdiev Ilhom
Published: January 2024

In the manufacturing industry, preventative maintenance of cutting tools plays a critical role in ensuring operational efficiency and minimizing downtime. This paper addresses the problem of accurately predicting the wear level of a cutting tool by applying artificial neural networks. The study uses an extensive dataset derived from real-life manufacturing scenarios and uses synthetic and experimental data for illustrative purposes. The use of depth of cut, continuous vibration monitoring using an accelerometer, spindle speed, feed rate and cutting speed contribute to a holistic approach to predicting tool wear in milling processes. This comprehensive set of features is designed to capture the nuanced interactions between machining conditions and tool degradation, thereby improving the model’s predictive accuracy. The architecture, features and algorithm for training the network are described. A neural network has been created and configured to determine tool wear during the milling process. The process of training and debugging a neural network is clearly displayed on the graphs. The performance of the network was tested using test data, which allowed us to obtain good results.
Heat transfer modeling during thermite welding of rails
Authors: Glushkov Sergey , Galay Marina , Sidorov Eduard
Published: January 2024

Thermite welding of rails is the only technology that allows connecting rails in hard-to-reach places such as turnouts and bridges. Experience in operating thermite welded joints shows that this type of welding is characterized mainly by casting defects. It is known that casting defects depend on the thermal processes occurring during rail welding. This article presents the results of modeling the heat transfer process of thermite welding of rails. The simulation was carried out using the LVMFlow software product. 3D heat transfer models of the “casting mold – weld – rail” system have been developed, considering phase transitions. Based on the proposed models, thermograms of the distribution of temperature fields are presented both over the cross section of the welded joint and along the length of the welded joint.
Analysis of railway transport snow-blowing equipment operating modes by diesel generator operation parameters
Authors: Kochetkov Anton , Gulyaev Mikhail , Popkov Artem
Published: January 2024

Ensuring the transportation process in the Siberian region during the winter months involves protecting the railway infrastructure from external climatic factors, such as snow drifts and icing. To ensure timely clearing of tracks, a wide fleet of snow removal equipment on rails is used, the most numerous of which is the snow removal train type SM-2 and its modifications. The technological cycle of such trains can be reduced to three operations: clearing the track and loading snow mass, transportation to the unloading dead end, unloading and returning to the work site. Reducing both fuel and time resources in each technological link is an urgent task for railways. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the capabilities of monitoring the parameters of a diesel generator for more effective planning of operating modes of snow removal equipment. The current strength of three phases of a diesel generator was measured in various operating modes. The values of the current strength when starting electric drives of various train powers are estimated. The duration of operation of a diesel generator in nominal mode is compared with the operational need to set the operating mode in the technological cycle of clearing tracks from snow.
Technology to prevent snow accumulation on the roofs of buildings operated by a transport company as a solution to snow removal problems
Authors: Saulova Tatyna , Bas Vitaly , Simkin Yury , Nadegkin Artem
Published: January 2024

As part of a competition of projects aimed at solving strategic problems ensuring the sustainable development of the Krasnoyarsk Railway company, a technology for removing snow from the roofs of buildings was proposed, which is conceptually different from its analogues. The technology is based on the use of compressed air and automatically prevents the accumulation of snow, preventing its deposition on the “approach” of the roof; it does not provide for the use of moving, vibrating units, scraper parts, or thermal elements that negatively affect roofing coverings. Automatic, manual, remote control and notification modes are provided. The main results of verification of theoretical studies are presented: data from experimental studies obtained on a model of a snow removal installation under conditions simulating real operating conditions are presented. The possibilities of optimizing the technology for various types of roofs, social, environmental and economic feasibility for wide application are shown.
Transformation of the multilevel system of transport infrastructure project management
Authors: Sazonov Andrey , Sazonova Marina
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical and methodological provisions aimed at systemic transformation of the organization of a multi-level system of project management of transport infrastructure. The authors propose to use the method of multi-parametric assessment for groups of projects aimed at the development of transport infrastructure based on economic and environmental indicators, including determining the level of efficiency of the socio-innovative potential of transport, taking into account the degree of possible risks. The significance of the practical component of the study is to determine a set of conditions for the possible practical use of the methodology for managing groups of projects in the field of transport infrastructure considering the effectiveness of the implementation of the tasks and goals laid down in them. The method of organization of project management makes it possible to optimize the number of unrealized groups of projects in a multiple way, to carry out the procedure of ordering and multifactorial selection in the context of each hierarchical management level. The reliability of the results obtained was confirmed by the implementation of projects in the field of transport in Moscow, as well as the use of various mathematical methods.
System analysis of the procurement warehouse for the achievement of its effectiveness
Authors: Gorobchenko Stanislav , Kovalev Dmitriy , Yumagulova Venera , Lushpaeva Maria , Zatenko Svetlana , Melamed Natalia
Published: January 2024

The work shows the features of applying system analysis to the problems of increasing the efficiency of the procurement section of a large machine-building work. The purpose of the work is to eliminate obstacles to achieving the efficiency of the work of the procurement site with the help of system analysis. Specific solutions are presented for a comprehensive increase in the interaction of subsystems of the procurement site, redevelopment, and the use of more advanced devices to increase efficiency. To solve the problems, the main tools of system analysis are applied - suprasystem-system-subsystem analysis, structural analysis, functional analysis, and site-specific calculations - such as analysis of norms and time of operations, analysis of layouts and compliance with the organizational structure, as well as analysis of equipment operation and finding optimal solutions for its equipment. Discussed the results of the system analyses and limitation of it's implementation in real workshop.
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and application of nanoadditives in diesel fuel: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Morenko Ivan , Isaeva Irina , Odinokova Irina , Ostaeva Galina
Published: January 2024

The problem of obtaining metal nanoparticles considering environmental risks in connection with the use of synthesis products in mixtures of new types of diesel fuel has been studied. An analysis of existing research on these topics was carried out. Based on the data sets obtained using the Dimensions and OpenAlex services, the characteristics of the studies were determined. To analyze the problem of green synthesis of nanoparticles, a dataset of 6,062 journal articles published from 2001 to October 2023 was used. The use of nanoparticles as diesel fuel components was investigated using a dataset of 540 journal articles published from 2005 to October 2023. The leading countries and organizations by the number of publications and citations have been identified. Based on the analysis of coauthorship, the issue of international cooperation is considered. The most significant publications were determined by the number of citations. Using methods of visual analysis of data on research keywords, their trends and prospects were determined. In addition, an assessment was made of the development of the problem of using “green” methods for obtaining nanoparticles used as components of diesel fuel.
Direct geocoding of street intersections in text message analysis tasks
Authors: Lopushanskiy Alexandr , Bekeneva Yana
Published: January 2024

Discussing various kinds of events on social networks is an integral part of everyday life. Users often publish and discuss information about traffic accidents, emergencies, utility accidents, and situations that do not require emergency intervention. Such information can be used to identify situations of a certain type, for example, to create statistics or timely involve certain services to eliminate emergency situations. The paper proposes a way to solve the problem associated with geocoding intersections when processing and analyzing text messages.
Controlled power distribution mechanisms in the transmission of an integral tractor
Authors: Dobretsov Roman , Sokolova Viktoriia , Ivanov Aleksandr , Scherbakov Alexander , Novozhilova Anna
Published: January 2024

The key features of the integral tractor concept are considered. The roles of controlled inter-axle and inter-wheel power distribution mechanisms are analyzed. Variants of the transmission structure are proposed. An example of simplified kinematic diagrams of interaxle and interwheel power distribution mechanisms is considered. Approaches to determining the external parameters of such mechanisms, their control technology, and the technological base for their design and manufacture are proposed.
Calculation of energy expenses for moving soil by the conveyor of the unit for tunneling
Authors: Nikolaev Vladimir , Troyanovskaya Irina , Mikhaylenko Ekaterina , Scherbakov Alexander , Kiyamov Ilgam , Sabitov Linar
Published: January 2024

Russia has a large spatial separation of settlements and other objects. Therefore, the construction of highways using technical means of cyclic action is inefficient. The use of a complex of continuous units will increase the pace of road construction, improve their quality and reduce energy costs. All units of continuous operation are patented in Russia. They allow you to perform the entire complex of road construction works by the flow method. The complex includes a tunneling unit for open and closed excavation, taking into account terrain irregularities. The proposed tunneling unit allows the development of tunnels with a width of 4.3 m and a height of 3.4 m using direct-flow rotary rippers, augers and passive knives. The calculation of the main parameters of the tunneling unit conveyor drive is carried out. The theoretical capacity of the tunneling unit, in the absence of rocky and frozen soil, in terms of the volume of undrafted soil was 1.054 m3/s. As a result of calculations, the total energy costs for moving one cubic meter of soil amounted to 38218 J/m3. The estimated power of the conveyor drive (excluding idling) was 52 kW. The torque of the conveyor drive is 936 Nm.
Experimental study of diesel engine running on petroleum diesel fuel and rapeseed oil
Authors: Maldonado Pablo Ramon Vallejo , Devyanin Sergey , Markov Vladimir , Neverov Vsevolod , Miroshikhina Ekaterina , Nurullin Aidar
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the problem of replacing traditional diesel fuel with an alternative one. Rapeseed oil is considered as an alternative motor fuel. A deterioration in the quality of injection and atomization processes was noted when converting the engine to rapeseed oil. Experimental studies of the MD-6 diesel engine have shown that it can operate effectively on both petroleum diesel fuel and rapeseed oil. At the same time, the transfer of this engine from petroleum diesel fuel to rapeseed oil was accompanied by an increase in brake-specific fuel consumption, an increase in exhaust gas opacity, and an increase in emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. These negative phenomena are partly eliminated by adjusting the fuel injection advance angle. Improved engine performance is also achieved by optimizing the characteristics of the fuel supply system and two-phase fuel supply. The implementation of these measures makes it possible not only to achieve the performance of a diesel engine characteristic of running on diesel fuel, but also to meet the requirements for fuel efficiency and exhaust gas toxicity that are promising for small-sized high-speed diesel engines.
Analysis of the concentration of traffic flows in cities and towns when assessing the potential noise level in residential areas
Authors: Bulkin Vladislav V.
Published: January 2024

The paper is aimed at analyzing the concentration of traffic flows that influence the noise pollution nature in the urban environment (using the city of Murom as an example). It has been established that the historically established structure of the city traffic flows, interregional freight traffic through the city, and, especially, the territorial division of the city into two large districts with natural restrictions on transport connections between them, lead to the formation of potentially increased noise level zones. Areas of the city territory where noise level measurements should be carried out were identified. Under these conditions, a conclusion was made about the relevance of creating a noise passport for large and small cities.
Development of information support of the decision-making management system for emergency prevention based on distance video systems
Authors: Koshel Aleksandr , Kuprienko Pavel , Fedyanin Vitaly , Vytovtov Alexey , Korolev Denis
Published: January 2024

The possibilities of identifying combustion from the mobile observation point located on an unmanned aircraft are considered. A qualifying sign of frequency fluctuations in the region of combustion was derived and presented in the form of a program filter of vyvyl-analysis in the temporary area. The frequency characteristics of the detectors and experimental data used in fire detectors were compared. A stable correlation was obtained confirming the conformity of the hypothesis existing tested data. It is proposed as a sign of defining burning to use the frequency of the color of the color of the pixels from the gama of fire to the color of the underlying surface. It is experimentally determined that combustion corresponds to the range from 12 to 30 Hz. The work takes into account the dynamic location of the observation point on an unmanned aircraft. The boundary conditions of the operation of the aviation system allowing to obtain relevant data for analysis are described.
The revolution of IT technologies in the transport economy: application and essence
Authors: Kartsan Polina , Kartsan Igor , Zhukov Aleksandr , Klementeva Maria
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on the study of the use of information technology (IT) in the transport economy and its impact on this industry. The main objectives of the study were to identify key technological trends in the transport industry, analyse their advantages and challenges, as well as assess the prospects for the development of IT technologies in this area. Based on the literature review and analysis of existing technological solutions, the following results were identified: IT technologies can improve the efficiency and safety of transport systems, reduce the negative impact on the environment and improve customer service. However, there are several challenges, such as data security issues, standardization and regulation, that require attention and solutions. The study highlights the importance of developing and integrating IT technologies into the transport economy and warns of the need for a balance between innovation and regulation. In general, the development of IT technologies in the transport industry promises to create a smarter, more stable and convenient system, contributing to improving the quality of life and economic growth.
Recommendations for the use of efficient water resources in mountainous areas and its economic-mathematical model
Authors: Xikmatov Xakimxon , Amonov Adkham , Eshimov Rakhmon , Abdinobiyev Alisher , Ubaydullayev Ulugbek , Parmonov Jamshid
Published: January 2024

Taking into account the global nature of this problem, creating modern methods and economic-mathematical models of the use of clean drinking water resources that are inefficiently used in winter and spring in the mountainous regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, creating an artificial water basin by attracting foreign and national investors by advertising reasonable information about clean drinking water resources taken as the goal of the idea Garasha river area, to ensure the reawakening of nature around the basin, and to create conditions for the establishment of tourist zones in the recreation areas that are expected to be created by people. The next solution of the idea is the construction of model residences for the population living at the risk of floods, and the preliminary project of water supply has been developed with the support of our state and investors. Optimal use of water resources is increasingly recognized as a strategic issue for countries.
Estimation of the efficiency of road construction machines in the design
Authors: Barbashov Nikolay , Kiselev Roman , Strelkova Julia
Published: January 2024

The reasons for the decrease in the efficiency of road construction machines are fluctuations in speed and load, deviations of which from the optimal value in terms of efficiency and causes an increase in energy losses and a decrease in efficiency. A particularly significant decrease in efficiency is observed in power units with diesel engines equipped with speed controllers that are not designed to control the efficiency of fuel consumption. The increase in energy consumption of power units with internal combustion engines in transient modes requires the creation of energy models and, based on them, the generation of control signals to reduce fuel consumption by working on the economic characteristics of the internal combustion engine. The developed energy model makes it possible to simulate the characteristics of a power unit with an internal combustion engine and develop a management strategy in order to increase the efficiency of road construction machines in transient modes by choosing the optimal ratio of the parameters of high-speed and load modes.
Characteristics of optoelectronic discrete displacement converters with hollow and fiber light guides
Authors: Kholmatov Umid S. , Mukimova Davlatkhon K. , Xalimjonov Elmurod X. , Soliyev Axrorbek F. , Maribjonov Mukhammadali M. , Komilov Mukhriddin R. , Shukurov Mansurxon
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the issues of optoelectronic discrete converters of any type - longitudinal or transverse movement of the external modulating body. In connection with the development of such important sectors of the economy as mechanical engineering, metallurgy, oil and gas, chemical, industrial, construction, food industry and others, it is important to provide them with modern discrete displacement transducers, which allow monitoring and managing such important quantities as liquid level, speed and flow flows of gases and liquids, as well as automative the processes of automatic accounting of piece goods, products, goods, blanks and semifinished products, which allows you to objectively analyze the economic activities of enterprises and plan their further development. The variety of specific features of monitoring and control objects put forward a set of requirements for discrete converters of object parameters: high sensitivity, accuracy, reliability, sufficient noise immunity, manufacturability. An analysis of existing discrete optoelectronic displacement transducers shows that to solve the above problems for monitoring and control, optoelectronic discrete displacement transducers based on hollow and fiber light guides are the most acceptable. In this regard, the improvement and development of optoelectronic discrete displacement transducers based on hollow and fiber light guides is an urgent task.
ergopraxis-Tag – 28. Januar 2024 in Stuttgart
Authors: Gritsch Simone
Published: January 2024

Auf dem ergopraxis-Tag im Rahmen der ergotage widmen wir uns der Vielfalt der Ergotherapie. Feiern Sie mit uns Erfolgsgeschichten: wie das Kawa-Modell aus Japan die Welt eroberte, wie unsere Schweizer Kolleginnen den Erfolg der Ergotherapie sichtbar machen, aktualisierte Therapiekonzepte – alles ganz praxisnah.
Assessment of Microsurgery Simulation Course Access in Plastic Surgery Training Programs
Authors: Elver Ashlie A. , Egan Katie G. , Phillips Brett T.
Published: January 2024

Background Microsurgery requires complex skill development with a steep learning curve for plastic surgery trainees. Flap dissection courses and simulation exercises are useful to acquire these skills. This study aims to assess plastic surgery training programs' access to and interest in microsurgical courses.

Methods A survey was distributed to plastic surgery residency and microsurgery fellowship program directors (PDs). The survey collected program demographics and attendance of trainees at structured microsurgical skills or flap dissection courses. We assessed if PDs thought trainees would benefit from instructional courses.

Results There were 44 residency PD responses (44/105, 41.9%, 36 integrated, 8 independent), and 16 fellowship PD responses (16/42, 38.1%). For residency PDs, 54.5% (24/44) sent residents to flap courses, and 95% (19/20) of remaining PDs felt residents would benefit from attending. In addition, 59.1% of programs (26/44) sent residents to microsurgical skills courses, and 83.3% (15/18) of remaining PDs felt residents would benefit from attending. When examining fellowship PDs, 31.2% of programs (5/16) sent fellows to flap dissection courses and 10/11 of remaining PDs felt fellows would benefit from attending a course (90.1%). Half of programs (8/16) sent fellows to microsurgical skills courses, and 7/8 remaining PDs felt fellows would benefit from attending (87.5%).

Conclusion Only half of the plastic surgery trainees have access to microsurgical skills and flap dissection courses. The majority of residency and fellowship PDs feel that training courses are valuable. Expanding access to these courses could provide a significant benefit to microsurgical education in plastic surgery training.
DLTS analysis of interface and near-interface bulk defects induced by TCO-plasma deposition in carrier-selective contact solar cells
Authors: Hara Tomohiko , Ohshita Yoshio
Published: January 2024

We investigate the electrical characteristics of defects at the SiO2/Si interface, within the adjacent Si crystal, and through the depth profile of the bulk defect using three-dimensional deep-level transient spectroscopy (3D-DLTS). These defects are introduced by the reactive plasma deposition technique employed for depositing transparent conductive oxides in the fabrication of carrier-selective contact-type solar cells. To control the surface potential near the Si surface, we apply a varying voltage to obtain DLTS signals as functions of both temperature and Fermi level at the SiO2/Si interface. Using machine learning for 3D-DLTS spectral analysis, we estimate the capture cross sections, energy levels, densities, and depth profiles of these process-induced defects. The experimental results indicate the existence of three types of electron traps within the bulk defects, ranging from the interface to a depth of ∼70 nm. The electrical properties of these bulk defects suggest the presence of oxygen-related defects within Si. On the other hand, regarding the properties of interface defects, the capture cross sections and the defect densities are estimated as a function of their energy levels. They suggest that the defects at the SiO2/Si interface are likely oxygen-related PL centers.
Oxidation tuning of ferroic transitions in Gd2C monolayer
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Dong Shuai
Published: January 2024

Tuning of ferroic phases provides great opportunities for material functionalities, especially in two-dimensional materials. Here, a 4f rare-earth carbide Gd2C monolayer is predicted to be a ferromagnetic metal with large magnetization, inherited from its bulk property. Based on first-principles calculations, we propose a strategy that the surface passivation can effectively tune its ferroicity, namely, switching among ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferroelectric phases. Metal–insulator transition also occurs accompanying these ferroic transitions. Our calculation also suggests that the magneto-optic Kerr effect and second harmonic generation are effective methods in monitoring these phase transitions.
Direct measurement of built-in electric field inside a 2D cavity
Authors: Li Li , Ling Jinyang , Zhang Dongxu , Wang Nanyang , Lin Jiamin , Xi Zhonghua , Xu Weigao
Published: January 2024

The on-demand assembly of 2D heterostructures has brought about both novel interfacial physical chemistry and optoelectronic applications; however, existing studies rarely focus on the complementary part—the 2D cavity, which is a new-born area with unprecedented opportunities. In this study, we have investigated the electric field inside a spacer-free 2D cavity consisting of a monolayer semiconductor and a gold film substrate. We have directly captured the built-in electric field crossing a blinking 2D cavity using a Kelvin probe force microscopy–Raman system. The simultaneously recorded morphology (M), electric field (E), and optical spectroscopy (O) mapping profile unambiguously reveals dynamical fluctuations of the interfacial electric field under a constant cavity height. Moreover, we have also prepared non-blinking 2D cavities and analyzed the gap-dependent electric field evolution with a gradual heating procedure, which further enhances the maximum electric field exceeding 109 V/m. Our work has revealed substantial insights into the built-in electric field within a 2D cavity, which will benefit adventures in electric-field-dependent interfacial sciences and future applications of 2D chemical nanoreactors.