bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composición y diversidad florísticas de tres coberturas en la Serranía de Los Yariguíes (Santander, Colombia)
Authors: Díaz-Rueda Daniel Mauricio , Herrera-Pacheco Mayra Alejandra , Plata-Castro Angelo Danilo , Ardila-Hurtado Silvia Fernanda , Reu Björn
Published: December 2024

Este estudio analiza la composición y la diversidad florísticas de tres coberturas vegetales al norte de la Serranía de Los Yariguíes. Se establecieron 40 parcelas en tres localidades (1.6 ha muestreadas) y se censaron 2804 individuos con DAP ≥ 2.5 cm, distribuidos en 63 familias, 155 géneros y 274 especies. La especie, el género y la familia más abundantes son Calycolpus moritzianus, Miconia y Melastomataceae respectivamente. La familia y el género con mayor riqueza de especies son Lauraceae y Miconia.      El bosque conservado posee las mayores riqueza y diversidad de especies (183), seguido por el bosque secundario (146). El sistema agroforestal, aunque tiene menor diversidad y riqueza, mantiene una alta equidad y una cantidad significativa de especies nativas (57 %). Este estudio documenta el primer registro de Trigonobalanus excelsa para la Serranía y de Caryodaphnopsis yariguiensis, una nueva especie. Asimismo, se contribuye con conocimiento base para proyectos de conservación y restauración ecológica en la región.
Presencia de cerambícidos en plantaciones de Eucalyptus urograndis
Authors: Pérez García Karol Dario , Fernández Herrera Claudio , Fonseca Angulo Martha
Published: December 2024

Eucalyptus urograndis es un híbrido entre Eucalyptus urophylla y Eucalyptus grandis ampliamente plantado en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia, hogar de muchas especies de cerambícidos. Por ello, en este estudio se realizaron muestreos en plantaciones y su vegetación circundante mediante búsqueda directa. La composición de cerambícidos en estas áreas agrupó 52 individuos de la subfamilia Lamiinae, que presentó la mayor abundancia al interior de las plantaciones, registrando 42 especímenes distribuidas entre Dorcasta dasycera (Erichson, 1848), Lepturges sp., Adetus tayronus Galileo y Martins, 2003, Oedopeza sp. y Steirastoma histrionica White, 1855. Entretanto, Cerambycinae registró 5 especies: Oxymerus aculeatus lebasi Dupont, 1838, Ceralocyna sp., Hexoplon albipenne Bates, 1872, Chrysoprasis chevrolati Lameere, 1884 y Trachyderes succinctus succinctus (Linnaeus, 1758). Se concluyó que, en relación con la diversidad de cerambícidos al interior de las plantaciones de E. urograndis, la subfamilia Lamiinae es favorecida por las precipitaciones.
Comparative Analysis of the Julia and AMPL Computational Tools Used in the Radial Distribution Network Optimization Problem
Authors: Hoyos Vallejo Juan Camilo , Quintero Restrepo Jaime
Published: December 2024

Context: Research on the development of mathematical models to optimize electric power distribution systems has become increasingly important in recent years. Choosing the right optimization tools and solvers to address optimization problems in these systems has therefore become fundamental.
Method: Nonlinear and mixed-integer nonlinear mathematical models addressing optimal capacitor placement and the allocation of distributed generation were implemented in the AMPL and Julia platforms. These models together with the Ipopt, Knitro, and Bonmin solvers, were tested and compared using 33-, 69-, and 83-bus test systems.
Results: The comparative analysis shows that AMPL allows for a more direct and adequate implementation of this type of optimization problem, while Julia requires more elaborate constructions. The experimental results show significant reductions in system losses through optimal capacitor and distributed generation placement.
Conclusions: AMPL offers a faster learning curve and a syntax that is more suitable for mathematical modeling. On the other hand, Julia provides superior versatility and access to a wider diversity of solvers. Although the evaluated nonlinear solvers proved to be suitable for the non-convex models and reached equivalent solutions, Knitro, a commercial solver, exhibited shorter processing times. In this sense, choosing between free or commercial alternatives involves a compromise between processing times and the available budget. Furthermore, solving the aforementioned optimization problems effectively minimized losses in the test systems. These models are basic versions that can be extended to more complex optimization problems.
Value of ACEF-II Score in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina
Authors: Ayça Burak , Yüksel Yasin , Yildiz Cennet
Published: December 2024

Background:

A score based on age, creatinine level, and ejection fraction as well as hematocrit value and the presence of emergency surgery (ACEF-II) has been proposed to have predictive value for risk stratification in cardiac surgery. This study aimed to evaluate its utility in patients with non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina (NSTEMI-ACS) to predict 1-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Methods:

In all, 768 patients with NSTEMI-ACS were enrolled in the study. After propensity score matching, the MACE and control groups comprised 168 patients each. Blood samples were drawn from patients during emergency department admission and hospitalization. The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcome Network Intensive Care Unit risk, ACEF, and ACEF-II scores of each patient were evaluated.

Results:

Mean (SD) age of the study population was 63.07 (12.39) years; 547 (71.2%) patients were male. After propensity score matching for 7 variables, a comparison of the matched groups revealed that patients with MACE had higher heart rates and rates of ST-segment deviation, cardiac arrest, and creatinine levels and lower left ventricular ejection fraction and albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, systolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation values. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ACEF-II score had the highest odds ratio of the evaluated scores, at 1.41 (95% CI, 1.12-1.81; P = .005). The ACEF score did not reach statistical significance for the prediction of 1-year MACE according to multivariate analysis. In addition to type of risk score, left ventricular ejection fraction and heart rate had predictive value for 1-year MACE. An ACEF-II score cutoff of 1.82 predicted 1-year MACE, with a sensitivity of 61.2% and a specificity of 76.2%.

Conclusion:

ACEF-II score, which is easy to calculate, could be used to predict 1-year MACE in patients with NSTEMI-ACS.
Pengaruh Aglomerasi Terhadap Ketimpangan Ekonomi Pada Satuan Wilayah Pengembangan (SWP) VII Kediri Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Yanuarti Wella , Rachmawati Lucky
Published: December 2024

Strategi pembentukan satuan pembangunan daerah (SWP) bertujuan untuk pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun pembentukan pusat pertumbuhan SWP menyebabkan aglomerasi (konsentrasi industri) sehingga nilai PDRB perkapita daerah tidak merata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh aglomerasi (pemusatan industri penduduk dari tingkat urbanisasi) terhadap ketimpangan ekonomi di SWP VII Kediri tahun 2015-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari 5 kabupaten/kota yaitu Kabupaten Kediri, Kabupaten Nganjuk, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Kabupaten Tulungagung, dan Kota Kediri dan dianalisis menggunakan indeks Entrophy Theil, Indeks Balassa, dan kemudian menggunakan regresi data panel dengan model random effect sebagai model terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tingkat aglomerasi yang rendah di Kota Kediri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan ekonomi. Artinya, peningkatan aglomerasi industri akan meningkatkan ketimpangan ekonomi yang bersifat Backwash Effect dari aglomerasi (penduduk urbanisasi) mengurangi tenaga kerja terdidik di pedesaan sehingga mengalami bias terhadap pertanian dengan produktifitas rendah.
Does Corruption and MSMEs Affect The Corporate Income Tax (CIT) Rate in ASEAN Countries?
Authors: Agustin Esther Sri Astuti Soeryaningrum , Pujarama Riza A. , Indramawan Dendy , Komaria Nur
Published: December 2024

The corporate income tax rate is an important component of a country's tax revenue, especially in developing countries. Business entity taxes in ASEAN countries are different because they have different economic and political foundations. This study aims to determine the effect of the level of corruption, which is often an obstacle in business and the economy, and the number of MSMEs, which have a large proportion in the ASEAN economy. The sample used is of 10 ASEAN countries from 2011 to 2020. The method used is a panel model with random effects. The results show that corruption has a negative and significant effect on the level of corporate tax. The better the control of corruption in a country, the lower the level of corporate tax. Meanwhile, the number of MSMEs and GDP have no significant effect on the level of corporate tax. On the other hand, world oil prices have a positive and significant effect on corporate tax rates.
Pengaruh Transfer Finansial Anak terhadap Partisipasi Kerja Orang Tua Lansia di Indonesia
Authors: Kinasih Laras Sekar , Rini Ariska Nurfajar
Published: December 2024

Changes in the demographic structure contribute to the aging of the population. The constraints imposed by the limited formal support from the government lead to a dependency of the elderly population on intergenerational support and income derived from the labor market. This research analyze the role between financial transfers provided by adult children to elderly parents who have entered retirement to the workforce participation of the elderly in Indonesia. Utilizing secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5), the research focuses on individuals aged 50 years or older who have entered retirement. Findings through logit regression suggest that financial transfers may diminish elderly workforce participation. Additional variables that also influencing elderly workforce participation include pension funds, age, gender, and marital status. Conversely, variables such as marital status and living with children variables do not exhibit a significant impact on elderly workforce participation.
Pengelolaan Alam Wonogiri pada Paruh Pertama Abad XX
Authors: Pradita Dennys , Mustafa Hanif Risa
Published: December 2024

Wonogiri in colonial period was part of the Mangkunegaran region. Wonogiri is known for its rich forests, but until the 19th century the region did not show much economic progress. This paper will discuss the early description of forests and nature in Wonogiri, the exploitation of nature and its impact on the environment. The purpose of this research is to see the process of changing Wonogiri's environment to economic purposes, especially in changing the image of the forest which has an economic impact on the community and the impact of environmental damage. This research uses the historical method. This research begins with the collection of sources. The sources used are mostly newspaper reports which are then compared with other reports and journal articles. The exploitation of nature in Wonogiri is basically divided into two, the first is to take direct results such as teak forests, and the second way is to convert forest land into plantations. On the other hand, the exploitation of nature in Wonogiri also has an impact on environmental damage. In the form of floods, landslides and wild animals that lose their food chain, causing conflict with humans.
Utilization of nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria to improve Cassava yield and nutrient uptake
Authors: Trung DO Quang , NGUYEN Manh Ha
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from native cassava (Manihot esculenta KM98-7) to enhance plant growth and yield under greenhouse and field conditions. Eleven bacterial strains (TL1 to TL11) were isolated and assessed for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis. TL4 and TL8 exhibited superior capabilities, with TL8 producing the highest levels of NH4+ (14.95 mg l-1) and IAA (46.57 mg l-1). Molecular identification revealed that TL4 and TL8 were closely related to Burkholderia cenocepacia and Bacillus aryabhattai. Greenhouse trials showed that inoculation with TL8 significantly increased plant height, leaf number, and tuber yield, comparable to 90 kg urea ha-1 application. Field experiments confirmed these findings, with the 60 kg urea ha-1 + TL8 treatment achieving similar yields to 90 kg urea ha-1 without bacterial inoculation. This study demonstrates that integrating nitrogen-fixing bacterial inoculants, particularly strain TL8, with reduced nitrogen fertilization can maintain high cassava productivity while promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Optimization of fabric’s tensile strength and bagging deformation using surface response and finite element in stenter machine
Authors: Tavangar Fatemeh , Abghari Ramin , Mirjalili Mohammad , Amiri Hamidreza
Published: December 2024

Optimization of fabric’s mechanical properties, such as strength and bagging deformation of worsted fabrics, is considered one of the most important cases in relation to the use of stenter machine. Because, in this machine, for providing fabric’s dimensional stability with drying and stretching operations, fundamental changes would occur in these properties. Therefore, in the present study, the mechanical properties of the fabric in stenter machine were optimized through simulation of laboratory conditions as well as simulation by the finite element method. First, using laboratory stenter, the experiments were performed on six common worsted fabric samples by the Design Expert software through changing temperature, percentage of fibers, and weight of the fabric, which were considered as the most effective factors. Then, the changed conditions were determined by the central composite design for optimization. For performing the finite element simulation, the initial design was first created using TexGen software and then, the strength and bagging deformation model was investigated by Abaqus software. The results of the simulation showed a statistically acceptable relationship between actual and practical conditions.
pH scale. An experimental approach to the math behind the pH chemistry
Authors: Ibargüengoitia Martha Elena
Published: December 2024

We present an experimental activity designed for upper secondary students, where a pH scale is constructed taking advantage of the ability of a pH indicator to display different colors according to the pH of the medium. To build the scale, two solutions are prepared: 1 M HCl (pH = 0) and 1 M NaOH (pH = 14). Each original solution undergoes six consecutive 1/10 dilutions, producing acidic solutions with pH values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; and basic solutions with pH values of 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, and 8. Pure water (nominal pH = 7) serves as the reference. Upon adding the indicator, a beautiful rainbow of colors appears in the solution containers. To connect the experimental results with its mathematical representation, a written exercise is provided for students. This activity allows them to visually understand that, even though the change in pH is only one unit, the change in H+ concentration is 10 times greater or smaller. Thus, pH is an exponential function, best expressed in logarithmic terms.
Thermal modeling and analysis of laser transmission welding of polypropylene: process mechanics and parameters
Authors: Anwer Ghulam , Acherjee Bappa
Published: December 2024

Laser transmission welding efficiently welds polymers by precisely applying concentrated heat with a laser beam, making it a widely used, non-contact, contamination-free, automated, and fast polymer joining method in automotive, medical, and electrical industries. This study presents a three-dimensional finite element model simulating the laser transmission welding of polypropylene, a widely utilized engineering thermoplastic with superior mechanical properties and exceptional chemical resistance. The primary objectives are to analyze thermal phenomena, predict parameters such as weld temperature and weld pool size, and conduct a thorough parametric analysis. The finite element model incorporates a volumetric heat source within COMSOL® Multiphysics, incorporating a radiative beam in an absorbing media interface, while considering key thermal factors such as conduction, convection, and radiation. Experimental tests are conducted to validate the developed thermal model. The paper deepens comprehension of the mechanics behind laser transmission welding of polypropylene, providing insights into the impact of process parameters on the thermal field and weld pool size.
Developing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in Guillain-Barre syndrome
Authors: Tajwar Sakib
Published: December 2024

Background

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is associated with weakness of limbs along with pain and numbness of the affected limbs. There may develop other features in GBS patients as well, especially in those who are ventilated, such as paralysis of respiratory and intercostal muscles, paralysis of the bulbar, facial and ocular muscles, electrolyte abnormality, heart failure, and death. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) occurs when there is low plasma sodium concentration (<130 mmol/L). The main features are nausea, vomiting, muscle cramping, confusion, irritability, hallucinations, and coma in the late stage.

Case presentation

The patient was admitted to hospital with the complaints of weakness and tingling sensation in both upper and lower limbs. This patient had no previous antecedent history or co-morbidities. After proper assessment, this patient was diagnosed with a case of GBS. After admission, the condition of the patient gradually deteriorated which provoked mechanical ventilation and transfer of the patient to the intensive care unit. Subsequent lab tests showed that the patient’s sodium level was decreasing continuously. The patient developed increased urine output (4–5 L/day) which eventually started after 7 days. The patient was given Tab Minirin Melt to decrease the output. The patient’s condition improved after 15 days of treatment. All other tests were found to be normal. This patient was diagnosed as a case of SIADH. All other causes were examined but found to be negative. This patient developed severe hypotension during this incident.

Conclusion

This case demonstrates that SIADH may develop in GBS and may cause fatal condition.
Как понимаются заголовки новостей?
Authors: Bibok Károly
Published: December 2024

Аннотация. В предлагаемой вниманию читателя статье исследуются заголовки русских и венгерских новостей в рамках прагматического подхода, который заметно вырисовывается в последнее время (FINKBEINER 2024). Демонстрируется тезис, что понимание заголовка происходит с учетом самого текста, даже при интерпретации заголовка остальная часть является собственно контекстом. Квалификативный анализ заголовков показывает более обширный диапазон способов (пере)интерпретации, чем выявлено в работе В. Апресян и А. Орлова (APRESJAN–ORLOV 2022). Для иллюстрации новизны моего подхода выбраны два примера из последнего труда, которые подлежат пересмотру. (Со всеми способами, примененными в анализе, можно познакомиться по докладу автора настоящих строк (BIBOK 2024).)
Правильное чтение персидских слов в этимологическом словаре М. Фасмера
Authors: Ebrahimi Lialestani Nahid
Published: December 2024

Персидский алфавит основан на арабском письме, но в этимологических словарях русского языка персидские примеры пишутся латинскими буквами. В научной литературе существуют разные системы латинизации (т.н. Romanization), которые можно разделить на две группы: фонематическую (транскрипция) и буквальную (транслитерация). В статье не только обсуждаются их наиболее важные различия, но и обращается внимание на преимущества знания деталей латинизации со ссылкой на словарные примеры Макса Фасмера. который в основном следует фонематическому принципу, но в приведенных им примерах есть и много несоответствий.
The Evolution of OES ся: a Corpus Investigation
Authors: Györfi Beáta
Published: December 2024

The present study focuses on the Old East Slavic reflexive pronominal enclitic ся. The research of the syntactic behaviour and historical evolution of this element thus far has been hindered by the vast amount of data. The application of corpus linguistics and statistical analysis, however, offer fresh avenues for understanding the complexities of this pronoun.
POR UMA INSTRUÇÃO PARA O PATRIMÔNIO
Authors: Henrique da Silva Paes Pedro
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa objetiva-se discutir o lugar do Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (SPHAN) no Ministério da Educação e Saúde, salientando como o patrimônio poderia contribuir para as ideias educacionais vigentes entre 1937 e 1945. Buscamos pensar as ideias como constructos de sujeitos localizados em espaços de produção e sociabilidade do conhecimento. Assim, procuramos compreender o processo histórico da construção do projeto educacional do SPHAN e do projeto identitário do MES que foram alimentados conceitualmente do entendimento de Patrimônio e Educação a partir dos respectivos espaços de produção.
Anchoring, Confirmation and Confidence Bias Among Medical Decision-makers
Authors: Sætrevik Bjørn , Seeligmann Vanessa Tamara , Frotvedt Thomas Færstad , Keilegavlen Bondevik Øystein
Published: December 2024

If cognitive biases are universal and consistent across domains, they should be considered when planning for real-life decision-making. Yet results are mixed when exploring biases applied to medical settings. Further, most studies have focused on the effect of a single bias on a decision choice, rather than on how various biases may interact in a complex decision-making process. We performed three preregistered experiments where trained medical students (∑N = 224) read hypothetical mental health patient descriptions. Participants made initial diagnoses, explored follow-up information and could adjust their diagnoses. We tested whether there was an anchoring bias of the first-presented symptoms having a larger impact on the decision, whether there was a confirmation bias in the selection of follow-up requests, and whether confidence increased during the decision process. We found that confidence increased for participants that did not change their decision or seek disconfirming information. Two of the experiments indicated a confirmation bias in the selection of follow-up requests. There was no indication that confirmation bias increased when confidence was high, and no support for the order of symptom presentation leading to an anchoring bias. We conclude that the biases may be difficult to demonstrate for complex decision-making processes in applied medical settings.
Optimisation of ASE for Determination of Organic Compounds Bound to Particulate Matter
Authors: Horvat Tajana , Jakovljević Ivana , Sever Štrukil Zdravka , Pehnec Gordana
Published: December 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), due to their harmful carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on human health, are significant organic pollutants in the air. Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) at high temperature and pressure is a technique increasingly used to prepare samples for determining organic pollutants in environmental samples. To investigate ASE's efficacy in extracting organic pollutants bound to airborne particulate matter, model samples were prepared by spiking with known concentrations of a certified standard of PAHs. The following variables were optimised: solvent type, number of extraction cycles, extraction temperature, and flushing volume. ASE efficiency was compared with ultrasonic liquid extraction (ULE) using PAH certified reference material and real samples. All samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and variable excitation and emission wavelength. Satisfactory efficiency for all PAHs were achieved using a solvent mixture of toluene and cyclohexane (7 : 3, v/v), two extraction cycles at 125 °C, and a flushing volume of 70 % of the cell volume, with recoveries exceeding 97 % for all PAHs except fluoranthene and pyrene (87 %).
Stupanj acetilacije kitozana
Authors: Seratlić Nadežda , Hromiš Nevena , Popović Senka , Šuput Danijela , Pantić Jovana , Čabarkapa Ivana
Published: December 2024

In recent years, research has extensively explored the broad industrial potential of chitosan, with the degree of deacetylation being a pivotal chemical attribute that significantly influences its physical and biological properties crucial for its various applications. Numerous methods have been developed to determine the degree of deacetylation: linear potentiometric titration, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, pyrolysis-mass spectrometry, UV spectroscopy, and titrimetry. The challenge for researchers lies in selecting an appropriate method due to factors like time consumption, costliness (notably nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and the potential for sample destruction inherent in certain methods. Among these, infrared spectroscopy has emerged as a preferred method due to its speed and non-destructive nature. This study investigated the use of experimental equations, as documented in the literature, to determine the degree of chitosan deacetylation under laboratory conditions using three chitosan samples differing in viscosity, each having a documented degree of deacetylation above 75 %. Three distinct methods – potentiometric titration, acid-base titration, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – were employed to calculate chitosan's deacetylation degree. While acid-base and potentiometric titration showcased simplicity in terms of equipment, the latter proved more time-consuming. In contrast, infrared spectroscopy demands more intricate instrumentation but requires only minimal samples, ensuring rapid analysis. The results showed that the methods of infrared spectroscopy and acid-base titration, using reported experimental equations, can be used to determine the degree of chitosan deacetylation. However, potentiometric titration did not validate its efficacy for this purpose.
Manual and automated counts of early radicle emergence assess differences in seed vigour and normal germination in four vegetable Brassicaceae species
Authors: Shinohara Takashi , Ducournau Sylvie , Matthews Stan , Wagner Marie-Helene , Powell Alison A.
Published: December 2024

The ability of early radicle emergence (RE) counts, evaluated manually and using image analysis, to assess differences in normal germination (NG) and vigour was investigated for four Brassicaceae species: cabbage, mustard, Chinese cabbage and radish. A manual RE count after germination
for 48 hours at 20/30°C (RE 48h 20/30°C) correlated significantly with NG in all species (P < 0.05). An automated count, at different times for each species, also correlated significantly with NG for three species although the coefficients of determination were lower than
for the manual count. Both manual and automated counts also identified differences in vigour, giving significant correlations and coefficients of determination with early and/or final emergence in the field and in the glasshouse. A single automated count after 72 hours at 20°C was significantly
correlated with at least two aspects of vigour in all four species. A significant relationship between germination after controlled deterioration and the manual and automated RE counts for cabbage and Chinese cabbage suggested that the differences in RE and vigour were attributable to ageing
although differences due to variety could not be excluded. An early RE count can therefore provide a rapid and early assessment of differences in NG and vigour.
Characterizing plastic pollution on beaches of Cozumel Island, Mexico: abundance, distribution, and influencing factors
Authors: Mansilla-García Ana Victoria , Cuarón Alfredo , Vázquez Luis-Bernardo
Published: December 2024

Plastic pollution in marine environments represents a significant threat to ecosystems worldwide. This study focuses on Cozumel Island, located in the Caribbean Sea, where plastic debris, primarily from inadequate management, adversely affects its beaches. Nine beaches were selected to conduct debris sampling and determine the abundance, density, and type of objects found at the sites. Three sampling repetitions were conducted on the surface of each beach, while three samplings were conducted on eight beaches to analyze buried debris. One of the beaches was discarded for buried debris sampling because of its rocky composition. Data was collected between March 22 and June 15, 2019. A total of 25,102 surface debris items were found, 94% of which were plastic. Similarly, 4,365 buried items were recorded, with the vast majority (97.8%) being plastic debris. Surface and buried debris densities vary, influenced by factors such as beach location, substrate composition, and human visitation. Beaches with lower human presence exhibit the highest debris densities, particularly in windward areas. Statistical models indicate that low-to-medium visitor influx and beach location significantly impact debris characteristics. Insights from this research contribute to understanding the dynamics of marine debris on Cozumel beaches, which plays a crucial role in informed policymaking and conservation efforts.
A new model of the formation of the foundation of the Transcarpathian Foredeep (in the context of prospects for oil and gas presence)
Authors: Shlapinskyi Volodymyr , Pavlyuk Myroslav , Savchak Olesya , Ternavskyi Myroslav
Published: December 2024

In the Transcarpathian Foredeep, the foundation rocks are not exposed on the day surface. They are available for study only based on the results of drilling in the post-war period or geophysical research. Over the entire long period of time, two hundred and fifty wells were drilled in the Transcarpathian Foredeep on twenty-two structures, with a total area of more than two hundred thousand meters. The deep drilling of one hundred and seventy thousand meters (about seventy wells) was carried out on ten structures. Five gas fields have been discovered within the foredeep. Thanks to this, the existence of the Transcarpathian gas-bearing region was established, which entered the boundaries of the Carpathian oil and gas-bearing province. All gas fields known here are localized in the Neogene cover. Meanwhile, one should not ignore the prospects and the not yet sufficiently studied pre-Neogene foundation. Fissured and cavernous limestones and dolomites of the Triassic and Jurassic, as well as terrigenous sediments of the Cretaceous and Paleogene have satisfactory reservoir properties (open porosity 10 % and higher). Significant inflows of combustible gas were recorded in a number of wells. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of the structure of the foundation of the Transcarpathian Foredeep and due to insufficient coverage of it by drilling and geophysical research, ideas about its geological structure cannot be considered satisfactory, unlike the Neogene cover. Therefore, improving knowledge about the structure of the foundation is of great practical importance. Due to the fact that new drilling operations are not currently being conducted to open the foundation, we have tried to rethink the existing geological factual material available to us through its in-depth analysis. As a result, a fundamentally new scheme of tectonic zoning of the foundation of the Transcarpathian Foredeep was proposed. In its composition, we have identified cover units (covers, sub-covers and scales), which better reflects the real state of affairs than existing schemes and expands the possibilities of carrying out exploration work in order to discover industrial accumulations of combustible gas in it.
Edaravone reduces the markers of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neocortex of rats with acute intracerebral hemorrhage and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine, Holubiev, V. L. , Lievykh, A. E. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;, Tkachenko, V. A. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;, Kharchenko, Yu. V. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;, Zhyliuk V. I. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;
Published: December 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a higher incidence of hemorrhagic stroke in a severe form. The aim of this study was to estimate the markers of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain of rats with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and T2DM after treatment with edaravone. T2DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide/streptozotocin, ICH – by stereotactic microinjection of bacterial collagenase. Rats were randomized into four groups: 1 – intact control; 2 – T2DM; 3 – T2DM+ICH; 4 – T2DM+ICH+edaravone 6 mg/kg/day. Edaravone (a drug to treat neural injury after acute cerebral ischemic stroke) was administered intraperitoneally for 10 days starting from the 60th day after diabetes mellitus induction and 30 min after ICH induction. Brain homogenates were assessed for the content of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). The levels of TNF-α and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured with ELISA. The increased content of 8-OHdG and TNF-α in brain homogenates of animals of T2DM group compared to the control was shown. It was revealed that in brain homogenates of animals of T2DM+ICH group the content of these markers­ significantly exceeds that for T2DM group, and in addition, an elevated AOPPs level was observed. Our results demonstrated that edaravone prevented the elevation of TNF-α level, reduced oxidative DNA damage by decreasing 8-OHdG content, and attenuated the formation of AGEs and AOPPs in the brains of experimental animals. These findings suggest that edaravone may have therapeutic potential in diabetic patients with acute ICH.

Keywords: edaravone, intracerebral hemorrhage, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, TNF-α, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Evangelización y materialidad. Relaciones e intercambios entre misioneros e indígenas en Vaupés y Guainía durante el siglo XX
Authors: Rozo Esteban
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analizar los significados y usos que misioneros e indígenas, tanto católicos como evangélicos, le asignaron al intercambio, posesión y consumo de ciertos objetos en sus respectivos proyectos de evangelización en Vaupés y Guainía en dos momentos históricos distintos. El primer momento abarca desde la llegada de los misioneros montfortianos al Vaupés en 1914 hasta su partida en 1949 y el segundo comienza con la llegada de misioneros evangélicos afiliados a New Tribes Mission en 1944 y finaliza en 2009, cuando se recopilaron testimonios indígenas sobre los procesos de evangelización. Metodología: este artículo utiliza trabajo de archivo, publicaciones periódicas de los misioneros, testimonios e historia oral para dar cuenta de las representaciones que misioneros e indígenas construyeron sobre las dimensiones materiales de los procesos de evangelización. Originalidad: la historiografía existente sobre misiones en Colombia analiza por separado las misiones católicas y evangélicas; por el contrario, este artículo compara en un mismo caso de estudio los proyectos liderados por misioneros católicos y evangélicos a partir de sus dimensiones materiales y el intercambio de objetos. Este enfoque en la materialidad de las misiones nos permite aproximarnos tanto a las diferencias como a las similitudes que existieron entre los proyectos de evangelización de misioneros católicos y evangélicos en la Amazonia colombiana. Conclusiones: mientras los misioneros montfortianos se insertaron en las redes de intercambio material existentes en Vaupés para lograr “reducir” y captar la mano de obra indígena, los misioneros evangélicos condenaron la posesión e intercambio de objetos y mercancías con los colonos, asociándolo con lo mundano. Por último, las formas de materialidad desarrolladas por católicos y evangélicos entraron en tensión con las ontologías indígenas, que cuestionaban concepciones y fronteras rígidas entre personas y cosas, sujetos y objetos.
Twierdzenia Gödla - dowody. Czy arytmetyka jest w stanie dowieść własną niesprzeczność?
Authors: Wroński Leszek
Published: December 2024

-
Spatial Characteristics of Enterprise Risk Management
Authors: Kachalov Roman , Sleptsova Yulia
Published: December 2024

The development of modern digital technologies has influenced the spatial characteristics of the organization of economic activity of enterprises, the creation of new products, the implementation of projects, the work activities of individual employees, etc. The purpose of this article is to complement the systemic economic theory with a description of new practices in the spatial organization of enterprises, including assets (object subsystems) and temporary associations (teams) of individual specialists to create new products (design subsystems), processes in virtual space (process subsystems), and features of the interaction of economic agents in digital environments (environmental subsystems). And also to identify risk factors for the spatial organization of such subsystems. To achieve this goal, methods of the operational theory of risk management and systemic economic theory were used. It is shown that the topological connectivity of space can play a key role in deciding the issue of scaling the activities of an enterprise under spatial restrictions. It is formulated that the activities of an enterprise in physical space and in virtual space are closely related. When risk situations related to infrastructure occur in the physical space, there is a high probability of process failures in the digital space. Localizing software within one territory can prevent disruption to the operations of enterprises that support people’s livelihoods. The sensitivity of the new generation of workers to modern technologies has given rise to new processes in enterprises, including reverse mentoring processes; such processes can take place both in physical space and in virtual space. In further research, it is desirable to clarify the development of social virtual space, the topology of socio-economic connections, new channels of feedback from clients and consumers, and their impact on the results of economic activity of enterprises in the digital world.
Assessment of the Level of Logistisation of Trade Enterprises
Authors: Levina Alena , Yakunina Yuliya , Trofimenko Elena
Published: December 2024

The activity of trade enterprises forms a significant contribution to the regional and national economies, and improving the efficiency of their functioning is one of the most important tasks, the achievement of which is possible with the help of logistics tools. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the level of logistisation of economic entities (trade enterprises) in the market. The authors proposed a methodology for assessing the level of logistisation on the basis of the indicator of the level of implementation of logistics approaches in the activities of trade enterprises. The proposed complex indicator allows to evaluate various parameters of logistics development at the enterprise that are significant for business and to determine the overall level of logistisation activity. Approbation of the methodology for assessing the level of logistisation of trade enterprises allowed us to conclude that the level of logistisation and, consequently, the efficiency of trade enterprises for the period under consideration has increased, which may become a potential for growth of the region’s economy. The methodology for assessing the level of logistisation allows evaluating both the process of implementation of logistics approaches in the activities of the enterprise and the integrative effect of logistisation, and the obtained results of the study can serve as a basis for management to plan and adjust logistics activities. In the course of the study, to achieve the set goals and objectives of the research methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, theories of logistics, and sociological methods were used.
Infrastructural Constraints of Complex Modernization and Identification of Ways to Form the Economic Space of the Southern Macroregion
Authors: Patrakeeva Olga , Mitrofanova Inna
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study is related to the comprehensive modernization of transport infrastructure and the implementation of relevant national projects that form a new concept of qualitative structural changes in the economy to overcome the limitations of the development of the transport and logistics systems of the southern regions. The article examines the dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators of transport development. The analysis of key indicators of the road sector showed that the growth of volume indicators of transport work leads to an imbalance in the development of transport and logistics infrastructure and fixed assets. A significant part of the infrastructure facilities is operating at the capacity limit, which reduces the efficiency of transport logistics. It was noted that the priorities of development are the diversification of modes of transport, the expansion of transit potential and foreign trade flows, and in this regard, the solution of infrastructural constraints of the international North-South corridor. The redistribution of cargo flows from road and rail to water routes will make it possible to unload the land infrastructure. At the same time, it is necessary to implement a set of measures aimed at accelerating the renewal of the transport fleet for increasing efficiency of transportation. Innovative information and telecommunication facility implementation ensures reliability and safety of transport complexes along with modernization and renovation of physical infrastructure – roads and railways, port terminals, storage facilities. Digitalization is directed towards the implementation of information security systems for protecting resources and services, ensuring smooth operation of all transport types, which will allow overcoming technological backwardness and increase labor productivity in transport and logistics.
Innovative Factors in the Development of Modern Tourism
Authors: Paliy Natalya
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an analysis of the impact of innovation on modern tourism. Innovative factors and opportunities related to tourism are considered: digitalization, development of online booking platforms; artificial intelligence tools; natural language processing (NLP) systems; personalization of supply and demand; social networks to promote tourism products and tourist destinations; geoanalytics and content analysis tools for managing tourist flows. The stabilizing tourism market is largely exposed to exogenous factors, and its potential is often underestimated. For the sustainable development of tourism, political processes and strategic initiatives play a key role – at the regional, national, and international levels. This is done by studying various social, cultural, legal, and informational factors that have great potential for increasing well-being. As a result of digitalization, businesses gain access to large amounts of user information that is valuable for strategic and tactical management and for relationships with clients. The spread of innovations in tourism is proceeding at a high pace: the active use of information and communication technologies, chat bots, mobile applications, automation programs, and social networks as tools for promoting tourism products. Using innovative technologies, businesses can update their product and service portfolios to reflect innovations in customer relationship management.
Phenotype of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia caused by deletion of LDLR gene exons 2-10: a case report
Authors: Moiseeva A. M. , Ivanova O. N. , Emelyanchik V. S. , Emelyanchik E. Yu. , Marilovtseva O. V. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Protopopov A. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Analysis and comparison of clinical and functional characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) with molecular genetics data make it possible to clarify the disease nature and determine the management strategy taking into account the clinical and genetic status. Considering that biochemical criteria are the leading ones in the diagnosis of FH, the study of family cases complements the disease understanding.

Brief description. An analysis of the genealogical and individual data, physical and general clinical examination of three family members, advanced lipid testing, and vascular ultrasound were performed. A two-stage molecular genetics study was conducted as follows: the first stage involved parallel sequencing of 60 genes associated with FH; the second stage involved DNA assessment by the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification method of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene to identify large deletions.

Discussion. Patients with deletions in LDLR gene exons 2-10 have the most severe clinical and laboratory abnormalities and early development of cardiovascular diseases. Families with FH have the highest concentration of genomic abnormalities that can lead to atherosclerosis lesions even in preschool children and may require non-standard lipid-lowering therapy, including biopharmaceuticals.
Combined QRS complex and T wave alternans — a new electrocardiographic phenomenon in long QT syndrome: a clinical observation
Authors: Makarov L. M. , Akopyan A. G. , Komolyatova V. N. , Besportochny D. A.
Published: December 2024

A previously undescribed electrocardiographic pattern is presented in a female patient with long QT syndrome in the form of combined QRS complex and T wave alternans. Possible electrophysiological mechanisms and prognostic value are discussed
Publication Business Ready 2024
Authors:   World Bank
Published: December 2024

Business Ready (B-READY) is a new World Bank Group corporate flagship report that evaluates the business and investment climate worldwide. It replaces and improves upon the Doing Business project. B-READY provides a comprehensive data set and description of the factors that strengthen the private sector, not only by advancing the interests of individual firms but also by elevating the interests of workers, consumers, potential new enterprises, and the natural environment. This 2024 report introduces a new analytical framework that benchmarks economies based on three pillars: Regulatory Framework, Public Services, and Operational Efficiency. The analysis centers on 10 topics essential for private sector development that correspond to various stages of the life cycle of a firm. The report also offers insights into three cross-cutting themes that are relevant for modern economies: digital adoption, environmental sustainability, and gender. B-READY draws on a robust data collection process that includes specially tailored expert questionnaires and firm-level surveys. The 2024 report, which covers 50 economies, serves as the first in a series that will expand in geographical coverage and refine its methodology over time, supporting reform advocacy, policy guidance, and further analysis and research.