bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working memory-related brain activity in cannabis use disorder: The role of cross-cultural differences in cannabis attitudes
Authors: Kroon Emese , Kuhns Lauren , Colyer-Patel Karis , Filbey Francesca , Cousijn Janna
Published: December 2022

Background. Cannabis legislation and attitudes towards use are changing. Given that evidence from cultural neuroscience research suggests that culture influences the neurobiological mechanisms underlying behavior, it is of great importance to understand how cannabis legislation and attitudes might affect the brain processes underlying cannabis use disorder. Methods. Brain activity of 100 dependent cannabis users and 84 controls was recorded during an N-back working memory (WM) task in participants from the Netherlands (NL; users=60, controls=52) and Texas, US (TX; users=40, controls=32). Participants completed a cannabis culture questionnaire as a measure of perceived benefits (positive) and perceived harms (negative) of cannabis from their personal, friends-family’s, and country-state’s perspectives. Amount of cannabis use (grams/week), DSM-5 CUD symptoms, and cannabis-use-related problems were assessed. Results. Cannabis users self-reported more positive and less negative (personal and friends-family) cannabis attitudes than controls, with this effect being significantly larger in the TX cannabis users. No site difference in country-state attitudes were observed. TX cannabis users and those perceiving more positive country-state attitudes showed a more positive association between grams/week and WM-related activity in the superior parietal lobe. NL cannabis users and those with less positive personal attitudes showed a more positive association between grams/week and WM-load-related activity in the temporal pole. Conclusions. Both site and cultural attitudes moderated the association of quantity of cannabis use (but not severity and problems) with WM- and WM-load related activity. Importantly, differences in legislation did not align with perceived cannabis attitudes and appear to differentially affect brain activity associated with cannabis use.
Bibliodiversidade com democracia: políticas ABM
Authors: Sequeiros Paula
Published: December 2022

A proposal is advanced to cross democracy and bibliodiversity as a framework for public libraries and documentation policies, required by the present social and political context. The concept of public reading in Portugal is historically situated. A reference is made to a transformative imagination needed to address questions that a full and extended fruition of public libraries poses. This includes the possibilities for collaboration with other cultural agents to give voice to forms of citizenship that enrich social life and to enbody the resignification of social memory.
Accountability in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gil Olga
Published: December 2022

This work stresses the importance of AI accountability to citizens and explores how a fourth independent government branch/institutions could be endowed to ensure that algorithms in today´s democracies convene to the principles of Constitutions. The purpose of this fourth branch of government in modern democracies could be to enshrine accountability of artificial intelligence development, including software-enabled technologies, and the implementation of policies based on big data within a wider democratic regime context. The work draws on Philosophy of Science, Political Theory (Ethics and Ideas), as well as concepts derived from the study of democracy (responsibility and accountability) to make a theoretical analysis of what artificial intelligence (AI) means for the governance of society and what are the limitations of such type of AI governance. The discussion shows that human ideas, as cement of societies, make it problematic to enshrine governance of artificial intelligence into the world of devices. In ethical grounds, the work stresses an existing trade off between greater and faster advancement of technology, or innovation on the one hand, and human well being on the oher, where the later is not automatically guaranteed by default. This trade off is yet unresolved. The work contends that features of AI offer an opportunity to revise government priorities from a multilevel perspective, from the local to the upper levels.
Orchestrierung von Blended Learning in der Erwachsenenund Weiterbildung: Ein Critical Review
Authors: Koschorreck Jan , Gundermann Angelika
Published: December 2022

Der Beitrag untersucht die Frage, wie Blended Learning (BL)-Angebote für Erwachsene motivations- und lernförderlich gestaltet werden können. Unter Bezugnahme auf das deskriptive Orchestrierungsmodell von Weinberger werden dazu in einem Critical Review Ergebnisse aus insgesamt acht Studien aus dem Zeitraum 2016 bis 2021 synthetisiert. Obschon alle Studien BL-Formate zum Gegenstand hatten, sind die Ergebnisse eher BL-unspezifisch: Begleitung und Unterstützung, das Lernen des Lernens sowie die Anpassung an Zielgruppe und technische Möglichkeiten sind zentrale Elemente einer im Sinne der Fragestellung erfolgreichen Orchestrierung von BL. Es fehlt an experimentellen Vergleichsstudien mit gezielter Variation von Orchestrierungsmerkmalen bei gleichzeitiger rigider Kontrolle der Untersuchungsbedingungen. Die Autorin und der Autor plädieren für eine standardisierte, systematische Beschreibung von BL-Angeboten und diskutieren Forschungsperspektiven.
How macroeconomic performance affects farmer’s term of trade: Evidence from East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Qodri Lutfi Asnan , Ismail Munawar , Ekawaty Marlina , Wahyudi Setyo Tri
Published: December 2022

This paper attempts to show that causality of the impact of macroeconomic factors in the form of inflation and gross domestic product on the farmer term of trade in East Java Province, Indonesia. This research was carried out over eleven years quarterly, starting from 2010-2021, and was analyzed using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The finding of this study indicated that, in the short and long term, inflation has a negative impact but not a significant effect. A 1% increase in inflation in the current period would have the impact of decreasing the term of trade of farmers by 0.0009% in the future period. This often happens due to the decline in the value of the currency which is mostly caused by speculator buyers who buy products from farmers. Meanwhile, a 1% increase in gross regional domestic product in the current period would have an increase in the farmer term of trade by 0.02% in the next period. This finding shows that inflation cannot be seen as extraordinary, affecting to the farmer’s term of trade. Rising inflation can lead to the decreasing level of farmers' welfare due to costs that must be paid by farmers.JEL Classification E31; J43; O11
Women's income contribution and its effect on food consumption: An evidence from Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suriani Nisa , Noviar Helmi
Published: December 2022

Consumption of each society is closely related to micro and macro conditions, as the income received by each community will affect their lifestyle patterns. The higher the income, the greater the expenditure on food and non-food consumption. Women have considerable potential in contributing to income, especially in poor households, but women do not stand out and claim that they are the main support in providing the economy for the family. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of women's income in the short and long term and predict food consumption in Aceh Province in the future.  The model analysis used in this study is a partial adjustment model with panel data from 23 cities/regencies in Aceh Province. The next step is to predict the level of consumption in each district and city, and make a regional analysis based on the geographical conditions of this province in four regional divisions to get an aggregate depiction of the differences in food consumption levels in each region. Regional development strategy should be made based on the estimation results and prediction of consumption levels and women's empowerment in development participation in this province in the future for food security development program.JEL Classification C53; D16; R10
Perceptions of tourism destination and implications for environmental education: Findings from a student field study on protected area, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Iwan , Negara Purnawan Dwikora , Hanafie Rita , Sudiyono Sudiyono , Nugroho Muhammad Ilham
Published: December 2022

University students have an essential role in developing ecotourism services and supporting environmental education. The research aims to explore students' perceptions of the object of tourism, group behavior in travel and problems in tourist destinations. Surveys and interviews were conducted on students who conducted a field study in Coban Tengah tourism destination, Indonesia.  Students of Undergraduate (S1) and Master’s (S2) programs were interviewed regarding tourism objects, group interactions, and problems found in the tourism site. Descriptive analysis and chi-square statistics were carried out to meet research objectives. The results revealed that students show a positive and significant perception of the beauty of Coban Tengah waterfall. S1 students indicated the halo effect phenomenon in perceiving tourism objects regarding beauty, educational element, and trekking paths. Grouping in tourist travel provides benefits to protect or keep safety and serves as a place to discuss environmental conservation.  S2 students are less interested in forming groups because they have more experience and independence in travel than S1 student.  Groups build cooperation and empathy, and these can provide innovation for quality provision of tourism services.JEL Classification I28; Q26; Q58
Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen Muslim Atas Produk Pangan Tidak Bersertifikat Halal Di Kota Batam
Authors: Liusudarso Tommy , Girsang Junimart , Situmeang Ampuan
Published: December 2022

The city of Batam is a city with a population that is predominantly Muslim, where in ensuring every believer of religion to worship and carry out his religious teachings, In ensuring that all food products circulating in Batam City do not contain unlawful/not in accordance with Islamic law, the government has regulated in the laws and regulations, where products that enter, are circulated, and traded in the territory of Indonesia must be certified halal. To analyze the problem of legal protection for consumers for food products that are not certified halal, it can be analyzed with the Theory of Legal Protection from Philipus M. Hadjon. The objectives to be achieved in this study are: To analyze the legal protection of consumers for non-halal certified food products circulating in Batam City. From the results of the study, it can be seen that preventive and repressive legal protection for consumers for food products that are not halal certified has been accommodated in the Legislative Regulations, but the preventive efforts made by the government are still not optimal in this case the Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH). because there are still many non-halal food products circulating and being traded.
Kajian Pembaharuan Hukum Dalam Asuransi E-Commerce
Authors: Anugerah Fiqqih , Disemadi Hari Sutra
Published: December 2022

Insurance in the electronic trading business has been regulated by law in Indonesia, but there are technical obstacles related to electronic trade insurance in the Indonesian legal system in its application. When insurance is used in business through e-commerce, there is legal protection for the insurer regarding the obligation to notify the policyholder about the subject of insurance, and legal protection for the policyholder regarding the purpose of the policy, namely the transfer of risk to compensation for the damage caused by the event, as well as the risk against risks that threaten insurance coverage. Therefore, this study aims to disseminate knowledge about how insurance arrangements for e-commerce businesses are from a legal point of view in Indonesia and what are the reasons for e-commerce insurance to be specifically regulated by Indonesian law. This study uses a normative legal research method through library research tracing guidelines such as laws, articles, or journals related to the themes and titles to be studied which will be used as the basis or foundation for the preparation of this article. The results of this study indicate that insurance agreements can be used to mitigate risks that may arise from the intrusion of third parties into the e-commerce protection system, as long as the agreement does not violate the insurance principles as regulated in Indonesian legislation.
Application Of Acquit Et De Charge In Removal Of Liability Of The Board Of Directors Of A Limited Company
Authors: Sudirman Lu
Published: December 2022

The Indonesian people demand the form of a Limited Liability Company because of legal certainty in the form of limited liability, providing convenience for the owner (shareholder) to transfer his company by selling all the shares he owns in the company. Where there is a clear separation between ownership and management (power); therefore, to be able to run the company, there is management called the Company Organ, and it is divided into 3 (three) parts: the Board of Directors, the Board of Commissioners, and the General Meeting of Shareholders. The Board of Directors has dominant authority in the management and representation of the company inside and outside the court. With great authority, there is also significant risk. The Board of Directors is very vulnerable to being sued and prosecuted in court; this condition makes the Board of Directors worry about taking steps. The doctrine of acquit et de charge, which is implicit in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies (Perseroan Terbatas/PT), still does not provide adequate protection for the personnel of the Board of Directors. This study aims to describe legal certainty in the application of acquit et de charge as an effort to protect the Company's Board of Directors. This research is descriptive of the type of juridical-normative research. The type of approach used is the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. However, in reality, there is no legal certainty in Indonesia applying to acquit et de charge.
Konsumsi Kopi Dan Kualitas Tidur Meningkatkan Tekanan Darah Pada Hipertensi di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi Tahun 2021
Authors: Saraswati Miranda , Astuti Ani , Octavia Dian
Published: December 2022

Hypertension is a disease that kills silently, it is necessary to understand the patient in maintaining blood pressure stability, one of which is the risk factor for increasing blood pressure, namely coffee consumption and sleep quality. This study aims to determine the relationship between coffee consumption habits and sleep quality with blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were all hypertensive patients who visited the Putri Ayu Health Center in Jambi City in 2021, totaling 4136 people and sampling was carried out using purposive sampling technique as many as 98 people. Instrument using questionnaires and analysis using univariate and bivariate with chi-square test. The results of univariate analysis showed that 56 (57.1%) respondents had a habit of consuming coffee in the light category, 44 (44.9%) respondents had good sleep quality and 57 (58.2%) respondents had blood pressure. in the category of hypertension grade 1. The results showed that there was a relationship between the habit of consuming coffee (p=0.001) and sleep quality (p=0.031) with blood pressure in patients with hypertension. It can be concluded that coffee consumption and sleep quality can increase blood pressure
Temperature and Salt Responsivity of Anionic, Cationic and Amphoteric Nanogels Based on N-Isopropylacrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt and (3-Acrylamidopropyl) Trimethylammonium Chloride
Authors:   Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ayazbayeva A.Ye. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Shakhvorostov A.V. ,   Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kudaibergenov S.E. ,   Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2022

Three different nanogels possessing anionic, cationic and amphoteric character were synthesized via conven-tional redox initiated free radical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS) and (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC). The negatively charged [NIPAM]:[AMPS] = 90:10 mol.%, positively charged [NIPAM]:[APTAC] = = 90:10 mol.%, and charge-balanced amphoteric nanogels [NIPAM]:[APTAC]:[AMPS] = 90:5:5 mol.% ab-breviated as NIPAM90-AMPS10, NIPAM90-APTAC10, and NIPAM90-APTAC5-AMPS5, respectively, were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, UV-Vis spectroscopy and DLS measurements. The temperature and salt responsive properties of nanogels in aqueous and aqueous-salt solutions were studied in the tempera-ture range of 25–60 °C and ionic strength (μ) of 0.001–1.0 M NaCl. Anionic NIPAM90-AMPS10 and cationic NIPAM90-APTAC10 nanogels, exhibit a pronounced polyelectrolyte effect in aqueous-salt solution due to screening of the negative or positive charges by low-molecular-weight salt. Whereas the charge-balanced amphoteric nanogel NIPAM90-APTAC5-AMPS5 exhibits an antipolyelectrolyte effect due to the screening of electrostatic attraction between opposite charges by low-molecular-weight salt. The difference between the temperature-dependent behaviors of anionic, cationic and amphoteric nanogels is explained by shrinking (polyelectrolyte effect) and expanding (antipolyelectrolyte effect) of macromolecular chains in aqueous-salt solutions.
Design and Synthesis of Vitamin Drug Conjugate for its Probable Potential Against SARS-COV-2 Infections
Authors:   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India, Bhole R.P. , Karche P.M. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India, Shinde Y. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India, Kute P.R. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India, Gurav S.S. ,   Goa College of Pharmacy, Panjim, Goa, Wavhale R.D. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
Published: December 2022

The novel corona virus infection had become a global epidemic due to its rapid spread. So, there is an urgent need to treat COVID-19 patients. The aim of this research was to hypothesize and examine vitamin drug con-jugate as targeted moiety. The present scaffold may have potential role to fight against COVID-19 infection due to its antimicrobial, antioxidants and immunomodulatory activities. Here, we've highlighted the term Vit-amin Drug Conjugate as possible therapy approach for SARS-COV-2 infection. As a result, we synthesize, characterized, and evaluated a Hydroxychloroquine — Folic Acid conjugate (HCQ-FA) by esterification mechanism to provide effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing therapeutic effect through synergistic mechanism, masking undesired side effects, and improving cellular internalization. By us-ing prodrug, the efficacy and bioavailability of existing antiviral drugs could be improved. The structure of the conjugate was determined by spectroscopic data like IR, NMR, and mass spectra, which indicates that HCQ-FA conjugate formed by esteric conjugation. Molecular docking studies revealed that HCQ-FA conju-gate shows good level of docking as well as binding interaction with main protease moiety. Molecular dy-namic stimulation revealed that this conjugate shows good stability at the binding site of SARS main protease moiety and exhibits inhibitory activity against COVID-19 infection.
Study of the Methionine Electrooxidation at an Electrode Modified with Vitamin B12 and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Shelkovnikov V.V. , Altyev A.M. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Fryanova M.S. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

The electrochemical behavior of methionine at an electrode modified with vitamin B12 and multi-walled car-bon nanotubes has been studied in this work. A possible mechanism of redox processes occurring on the modified electrode is proposed. When the electrode is formed, vitamin B12 is fixed on the surface of a carbon-containing electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes due to adsorption. In the process of ca-thodic polarization, cobalt(III) in cobalamin is reduced to cobalt(II) to which a partially negatively-charged sulfur atom in the methionine molecule is attached due to electrostatic interactions. During anodic polariza-tion, cobalt(II) in the complex is oxidized up to Co3+, the methyl group from methionine is transferred to co-balamin, and homocysteine passes into the solution, which is proved by Raman spectra. Based on the study of the dependence of current and potential on the sweep speed, it was found that the oxidation process is not re-versible, the limiting stage is adsorption, and one proton and one electron participate in the electrochemical stage. The following optimal conditions for recording an analytical signal were selected: the background elec-trolyte is a tartrate buffer solution with pH = 4.01; the electrolysis potential is 1.6 V; the accumulation time is up to 180 s. The metrological characteristics of the procedure for determining methionine were estimated. The accuracy index did not exceed 29 %, the repeatability and intermediate precision indices did not exceed 14 % and 16 %, respectively. The range of detectable contents was (1–50)×10–7; the detection limit was 5.0×10–8 M. It was shown that a 10-fold excess of ascorbic acid, tryptophan, glycine, cysteine and tyrosine does not have a noticeable distorting effect on the procedure for determining methionine.
From Scottish Independence, to Brexit, and Back Again
Authors: Webster Joseph
Published: December 2022

The Orange Order is an ultra-Protestant and ultra-British fraternity dedicated to professing ‘hostility to the distinctive despotism of the Church of Rome’, and to preserving Scotland's constitutional place within the UK. According to Scots-Orangemen, these two commitments are united in opposing Scottish National Party capitulations to a Papacy hell-bent on cleaving Scotland from the UK and her Protestant monarch. Thus, while the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum posed an existential threat to Orange Protestant-unionism, Brexit allowed push-back against an ultramontane plot to use the EU to destroy British sovereignty. Ironically – and awkwardly – the British unionism of Brexit (which the Order celebrates) looks set to reinvigorate calls for Scottish independence (which the Order dreads). This paper examines the acute political crises that such referendums create, arguing that Orange political urgency can only be understood as part of a more chronic (and thus less urgent, if no less serious) ‘Roman’ threat to Protestant ethno-religious supremacy.

L'Ordre d'Orange est une fraternité ultra-protestante et ultra-britannique qui se consacre à professer son “hostilité au despotisme distinctif de l’Église de Rome” et à préserver la place constitutionnelle de l’Écosse au sein du Royaume-Uni. Selon les Écossais-Orangistes, ces deux engagements s'unissent pour s'opposer aux capitulations du Scottish National Party devant une papauté déterminée à séparer l’Écosse du Royaume-Uni et de son monarque protestant. Ainsi, alors que le référendum de 2014 sur l'indépendance de l’Écosse représentait une menace existentielle pour le protestantisme orangiste, le Brexit a permis de repousser un complot ultramontain visant à utiliser l'Union Européenne (UE) pour détruire la souveraineté britannique. Ironiquement ¬— et maladroitement — l'unionisme britannique du Brexit (que l'Ordre célèbre) semble destiné à revigorer les appels à l'indépendance de l’Écosse (que l'Ordre redoute). Cet article examine les crises politiques aiguës que de tels référendums créent, en soutenant que l'urgence politique de l'Ordre d'Orange ne peut être comprise que comme faisant partie d'une menace “romaine” plus chronique (et donc moins urgente, mais non moins sérieuse) pour la suprématie ethno-religieuse protestante.
Scenarios in a Time of Urgency
Authors: Samimian-Darash Limor
Published: December 2022

This article explores the connection between technology and temporality, and discusses specifically scenario technology and the temporality of urgency, in the context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It illustrates how, despite the inherent orientation toward the future potentiality in this technology, once an actual event occurs and the temporality of preparedness is overridden by a temporality of urgency, the scenario technology is adapted to the new temporality in terms of its form and content. In correspondence with the scholarship of ‘the anthropology of the future’, the article focuses on changes in temporal orientations – specifically, with a shift from a temporality of (future) preparedness to a temporal orientation of (immediate) urgency and how such a shift in temporality affects the technology of the scenario. Moving from preparing for potential future uncertainties to responding to an urgent event set in a present that is unfolding into an uncertain, immediate future provokes a new temporal orientation, for which the initial temporality of the scenario technology becomes its limitation.

Cet article explore le lien entre technologie et temporalité, et discute spécifiquement de la technologie des scénarios et de la temporalité de l'urgence, dans le contexte de la pandémie de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Il illustre comment, malgré l'orientation inhérente de cette technologie vers la potentialité future, une fois qu'un événement réel se produit et que la temporalité de la préparation est remplacée par une temporalité d'urgence, la technologie du scénario est adaptée à la nouvelle temporalité en termes de forme et de contenu. En correspondance avec la recherche de “l'anthropologie du futur”, l'article s'intéresse aux changements d'orientations temporelles — plus précisément, au passage d'une temporalité de préparation (future) à une orientation temporelle d'urgence (immédiate) et à la manière dont un tel changement de temporalité affecte la technologie du scénario. Passer de la préparation à des incertitudes futures potentielles à la réponse à un événement urgent dans un présent qui se déroule dans un futur incertain et immédiat provoque une nouvelle orientation temporelle, pour laquelle la temporalité initiale de la technologie du scénario devient sa limite.
The Effectiveness of Mind-Body Therapy for Managing Elderly Depression Scale
Authors: Nurlela Lela , Candra Kirana Sukma Ayu , Fatikha Sari Anna
Published: December 2022

Background: Aging is a process whereby biological or physical decline begins to have an important psychomotor sensation, perception, and appearance in the ADL (Activity Daily Living). Situations like this of course also will affect the psychological condition of the elderly and can be a stressor that can cause negative feelings of feeling helpless, useless, frustrated, hopeless, sad and feeling isolated. It can trigger the occurrence of mental disorders, especially depression. This study aims to determine the effect of mind-body therapy on depression level reduction in elderly at UPTD Griya Werdha Surabaya. Methods: The design of this study was Pre-Experimental with One group pre-post-test design, with sampling of 32 elderly. The data were collected using a Geritric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaire and mind-body therapy mind-eye. Data analysis using Wilcoxson Signed Rank Test. Results: The results of this study indicate that there is influence of mind-body therapy to decrease depression level in elderly in UPTD Griya Werdha Surabaya 0.000 (ρ <0.05). Conclusion: Depression levels are influenced by sex, age, physical illness. The implication of this research is the need of more support from related institutions or UPTD Griya Werdha Surabaya in developing elderly program to decrease depression level in elderly.
Sagittal synostosis: does choice of intervention and its timing affect the long-term aesthetic and neurodevelopmental outcome? A single-institution study of 167 children
Authors: Chowdhury Adnan-Mustafiz , Patel Ryan , Silva Adikarige Haritha Dulanka , Dunaway David J. , Jeelani Noor ul Owase , Ong Juling , Hayward Richard , James Greg
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Sagittal craniosynostosis (SC) is the most commonly encountered form of craniosynostosis. Despite its relative frequency, there remains significant heterogeneity in both operative management and follow-up between centers and a relative paucity of long-term outcome data in the literature. At the authors’ institution, families of children presenting with SC are offered the following options: 1) conservative management with ophthalmic surveillance, 2) minimally invasive surgery at < 6 months of age (spring-assisted cranioplasty [SAC]) or 3) calvarial vault remodeling at any age (CVR). The authors reviewed outcomes for all children presenting with SC during a 5-year period, regardless of the treatment received.

METHODS

Consecutive children born between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2012, presenting with SC were identified, and detailed chart reviews were undertaken. Demographic, surgical, perioperative, head shape, scar, and neurodevelopmental (behavioral, education, speech, and language) data were analyzed. The cohort was divided by type of surgery (none, SAC, or CVR) and by age at surgery (early, defined as ≤ 6 months; or late, defined as > 6 months) for comparison purposes.

RESULTS

A total of 167 children were identified, 129 boys and 38 girls, with a median age at presentation of 5.0 (range 0.4–135) months. Three families opted for conservative management. Of the 164 children who underwent surgery, 83 underwent SAC, 76 underwent CVR, and 5 underwent a "hybrid" procedure (CVR with springs). At a median age of 7.0 (range 0.5–12.3) years, there was no significant difference in concerns regarding head shape, scar, or neurodevelopmental outcomes between the early and late intervention groups over all procedures performed, or between the early or late SAC and CVR cohorts. There were more head shape concerns in the SAC group than in the CVR group overall (25.7% vs 11.8%, respectively; p = 0.026), although most of these concerns were minor and did not require revision.

CONCLUSIONS

In this cohort, regardless of operative intervention and timing of intervention, infants achieved similar neurodevelopmental outcomes. Minimally invasive surgery (SAC) appears to result in less complete correction of head shape than CVR, but this may be balanced by advantages in reduced operative time, hospitalization, and blood loss. SAC was equal to CVR in neuropsychological outcomes.
Anterior atlanto-occipital transarticular screw fixation: a biomechanical comparison with posterior fixation techniques
Authors: Xu Panjie , Huang Zhiping , Xiao Hang , Lin Junyu , Zhu Qingan , Ji Wei
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Atlanto-occipital instability is commonly treated with posterior fixation. However, in patients with congenital or acquired factors, posterior fixation may not be possible. For these situations, a novel anterior atlanto-occipital transarticular screw (AATS) fixation technique has been introduced recently. However, biomechanical study of this technique is lacking. This study was designed to evaluate the biomechanical stability of AATS fixation for the atlanto-occipital joint and compare it with conventional posterior occipitocervical fixation (POCF).

METHODS

Six cadaveric specimens (occiput–C4) were tested in four conditions, including intact, injury, injury + AATS, and injury + POCF states. A pure moment of 1.5 Nm was applied to specimens in flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. The range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ) were calculated and compared from the occiput to C1.

RESULTS

The AATS fixation constrained ROMs to 0.4° in flexion (p < 0.001), 0.4° in extension (p < 0.001), 1.0° in lateral bending (p < 0.001), and 0.7° in axial rotation (p < 0.001) when compared with the injury state. In all directions, there was no statistically significant difference observed in ROMs and NZs between AATS fixation and POCF (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified that the novel AATS fixation, as stand-alone anterior fixation, was equivalent to POCF in all directions. The results suggest that anterior transarticular screw fixation is a biomechanically effective salvage technique for posterior atlanto-occipital fixation, and may also serve as supplemental fixation.
Wpływ ryzyka pandemii COVID-19 na wykorzystanie usług bankowości mobilnej w Polsce
Authors: Solarz Małgorzata , Adamek Jacek
Published: December 2022

Głównym celem badawczym opracowania jest określenie wpływu ryzyka pandemii COVID-19 na wykorzystanie usług BM w Polsce. Realizację celu oparto na następujących metodach badawczych: krytyczna analiza literatury przedmiotu, analiza opisowa i porównawcza, proste metody statystyczne oraz metoda sondażu diagnostycznego. Dane empiryczne pozyskano z ogólnopolskich badań ankietowych zrealizowanych przez autorów w kwietniu 2021 r. metodą CAWI, na reprezentatywnej próbie 1030 Polaków. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że postrzegane ryzyko pandemii COVID-19 należy uznać za czynnik sprzyjający zwiększeniu liczby i/lub częstotliwości użycia BM, przy czym zwiększenie to nie wynika z osobistych obaw, łączonych z konsekwencjami COVID-19, lecz staje się ono funkcją postrzeganych niedogodności i ograniczeń organizacyjno-prawnych implikowanych stanem pandemii.
The Potential of Polish Bioeconomy Compared to the European Union Countries
Authors: Nowak Anna , Jarosz-Angowska Aneta , Krukowski Artur
Published: December 2022

Bioeconomy has become one of the major directions in the development of the European Union (EU). This is a response to global challenges including sustainable management of natural resources, sustainable production, public health improvement, mitigation of adverse effects of climate change, and integrated social and economic development. This article aimed to describe how bioeconomy develops and how significant it is to the European Union and evaluate the potential of bioeconomy in Poland in comparison to other EU member states. The potential of bioeconomy was analysed according to the level and structure of employment, gross value added generated by this sector of the economy, as well as according to labour productivity. The analysis was based on an official classification of economic activity in Europe (NACE). The timeline of the study was 2008 and 2017, which allowed evaluating changes that occurred over a decade. The analysis involved data deriving from the European Commission’s statistical database. The studies imply that in 2017 Poland ranked first in the EU in terms of the number of bioeconomy workers, whereas differences in the structure of employment could be observed between Poland and the whole EU. They mostly referred to a higher share of employment in Polish agriculture, with a lower percentage of employment in the food, beverage and tobacco sector. In addition, Poland had a 5% share in generating the Gross Value Added (GVA) of the EU bioeconomy, which put it fifth among all the member states. The GVA of bioeconomy in Poland had a structure similar to that presented by the whole EU with Food, beverage and tobacco and Agriculture being the most significant sectors and Bio-based electricity and Liquid biofuels being relatively insignificant. In addition, in all the sectors labour productivity was lower than on average in the EU.
Wykorzystanie kredytu handlowego przez mleczarnie w Polsce z uwzględnieniem formy prawnej podmiotu
Authors: Ziętek-Kwaśniewska Katarzyna , Zuba-Ciszewska Maria
Published: December 2022

Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest ocena wykorzystania kredytu kupieckiego przez mleczarnie w Polsce z uwzględnieniem ich formy prawnej jako spółdzielczych lub niespółdzielczych mleczarni. Badaniem objęto 113 mleczarni w Polsce, z czego 55,8%  stanowiły spółdzielnie, a 44,2% – podmioty prowadzące działalność w innej formie. Analiza dotyczyła lat 2018–2020. Dane finansowe potrzebne do realizacji badania pozyskano z bazy EMIS. Badanie wykazało, że należności z tytułu udzielonego kredytu handlowego stanowiły ważną pozycję aktywów ogółem oraz aktywów obrotowych badanych mleczarni, a zobowiązania handlowe były istotnym źródłem finansowania ich działalności. W rozważanym okresie analizowane podmioty ograniczyły swoje zaangażowanie w zakresie wykorzystania kredytu kupieckiego, zwłaszcza w charakterze jego dawcy. W 2020 r. względem lat wcześniejszych wzrosła liczba biorców per saldo kredytu kupieckiego za sprawą zwiększenia się ich liczby w grupie spółdzielni mleczarskich. Badane mleczarnie nieco szybciej odzyskiwały należności handlowe niż spłacały swoje zobowiązania wobec dostawców. W 2020 r. względem 2018 r. w większości mleczarni odnotowano skrócenie cyklu konwersji gotówki. Niespółdzielcze mleczarnie wykazywały wyższe średnie udziały należności handlowych w aktywach ogółem oraz aktywach obrotowych niż spółdzielnie, co można wiązać z różnicami w zakresie ich celów. Spółdzielnie mleczarskie szybciej spłacały swoje zobowiązania handlowe i ściągały należności handlowe oraz sprawniej zarządzały swoimi zapasami niż inne podmioty z sektora.
Processo formativo: Tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação para práticas pedagógicas de professores de Ciências no contexto amazônico
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Pará - UEPA, Vilhena Vanja Vago de , Silva Luely Oliveira da
Published: December 2022

Este produto educacional em formato de livro digital (E-book), traz como tema Processo Formativo: Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação para Práticas Pedagógicas de Professores de Ciências no contexto Amazônico é fruto do trabalho de Mestrado Profissional desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Ensino de Ciências na Amazônia da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), desenvolvido pela mestranda Vanja Vago de Vilhena, e sua orientadora Profa. Dra. Luely Oliveira da Silva. O produto educacional se materializou na elaboração de um Processo Formativo pensado especialmente para os educadores que ensinam Ciências nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental, com foco na integração das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) no Ensino de Ciências para aprendizagem e conhecimento no contexto amazônico, fundamentado na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa. Neste sentido, buscando inovar a Formação continuada dos professores de Ciências nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, propomos um Processo Formativo de integração das tecnologias digitais em sua prática pedagógica, por meio de pesquisa em sites, exploração de recursos educacionais digitais, repositório, plataformas educacionais, ambientes virtuais, e elaboração de sequências didáticas eletrônicas vivenciadas nas oficinas formativas descritas neste material. Entendemos que um processo formativo é sempre um caminho longo, de aprendizado e adaptações, erros e acertos, pois não temos fórmulas de como utilizar e sim de ideias para integrar as TDICs no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Ciências. Convidamos você a navegar neste processo formativo que integra as TICs, como ferramentas que podem auxiliar o processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem de Ciências.
Lo que el viento no se llevó. El papel de los ganaderos en la promoción de la industria eólica en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca
Authors: Vázquez García Verónica , Zepeda Cancino Rubén Manuel
Published: December 2022

En México, la mayor capacidad de infraestructura eólica se encuentra en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, con cerca de 1 600 aerogeneradores instalados en terrenos dedicados principalmente a la ganadería bovina. El objetivo de este artículo fue estudiar el papel que los ganaderos de la región desempeñaron en la promoción de la industria eólica, así como los beneficios que obtuvieron de ello. Para obtener la información se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad, talleres y una encuesta. Se reportan dos hallazgos principales: 1) los ganaderos asociados con el partido gobernante fueron centrales en la promoción de la industria eólica; 2) la riqueza producto de la renta de tierras se concentró en ganaderos con 20 hectáreas o más, en contraste con la socialización de las afectaciones ocasionadas por la instalación de aerogeneradores en zonas de cultivo y pastoreo. Se concluye que la industria eólica promovió el enriquecimiento en pocas manos, en contraste con la socialización de los daños, siendo la más importante la contaminación por aceite, poniendo en riesgo a la ganadería de toda la región.
Analysis of Arabic Textbook Lisānul Jāmi’ah: Gender Perspective
Authors: Ulfa Arifah , Jaeni Muhamad , Priyatun Inayah
Published: December 2022

In the preparation of textbooks, it is necessary to pay attention to the content of the material so that it is in accordance with socio-cultural elements without causing multiple interpretations and an imbalance. The issue of gender is one of the social elements that can be influenced by the educational environment. This includes the learning process and Arabic language textbooks. While Arabic is one of the foreign languages whose language system is very gender biased. So in the preparation of Arabic textbooks, you must be more careful in order to minimize the existence of gender bias in textbooks. This also applies to the Arabic language textbook Lisanul Jami’ah I. This research is entitled Analysis of the Lisānul Jāmiʻah I Textbook Gender Perspective with the formulation of the problem how to analyze the gender perspective in the Lisānul Jāmiʻah I Arabic textbook and how the content of gender bias in the Lisānul Jāmiʻah I Arabic textbook I. The purpose of this research is to find out the analysis of the Arabic language textbook Lisānul Jāmiʻah I from a gender perspective to determine the content of gender bias. The purpose of this research is to provide contributions, references, considerations and insights related to gender in textbooks. This type of research is library research with data sources taken from primary and secondary data sources. Sources of data collected by documentary and interview techniques. While the data analysis using content analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that most of the contents of the Lisānul Jāmiʻah I textbooks have shown to be gender sensitive. However, the content of gender bias is also quite a lot, although not as much as the content of gender sensitive. In this textbook, gender-neutral content of the textbook is also found.
Investigation of the impact of black chokeberry polyphenols in different matrices on the human gut microbiota using the in vitro model of the large intestine (TIM-2)
Authors: Catalkaya Gizem , Capanoglu Esra , Venema Koen
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:

Despite the great range of health-beneficial activities associated with dietary polyphenols, their influence on gut ecology remains poorly understood. Only a few studies have examined the impact of black chokeberry polyphenols present in different matrices on human gut microbiota, and in fact none have examined encapsulated black chokeberry polyphenols.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of black chokeberry polyphenols in pulp, extract and encapsulate (in a maltodextrin:gum Arabic polymer system) on human gut microbiota and fecal short-chain and branched-chain fatty acids (SCFA and BCFA, respectively).

METHODS:

The effect of black chokeberry polyphenols on gut microbiota was tested in a validated, dynamic in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2) for 24 h by applying five different interventions (Pulp, Extract, Encapsulate, Encapsulate control, SIEM) to the standardized microbiota from five healthy donors.

RESULTS:

We observed that the fermentation of black chokeberry polyphenols in the in vitro colon model resulted in shifts in the standardized microbiota and differentiation in the extent of the production of SCFA and BCFAs. Synergy between maltodextrin+gum Arabic+polyphenols resulted in an increase in the relative abundances of some health-promoting taxa and decrease in the disease related taxa Alistipes. Encapsulation increased the SCFA production and decreased the BCFA production in the lumen.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although encapsulation of polyphenols may provide a robust way for their protection during their transit along the upper gastrointestinal tract, their effect on the gut microbiota should be further investigated both by using different coating materials and with in vivo studies.
Combining BERT with TCN-BiGRU for enhancing Arabic aspect category detection
Authors: Bensoltane Rajae , Zaki Taher
Published: December 2022

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is a challenging task of sentiment analysis that aims at extracting the discussed aspects and identifying the sentiment corresponding to each aspect. We can distinguish three main ABSA tasks: aspect term extraction, aspect category detection (ACD), and aspect sentiment classification. Most Arabic ABSA research has relied on rule-based or machine learning-based methods, with little attention to deep learning techniques. Moreover, most existing Arabic deep learning models are initialized using context-free word embedding models, which cannot handle polysemy. Therefore, this paper aims at overcoming the limitations mentioned above by exploiting the contextualized embeddings from pre-trained language models, specifically the BERT model. Besides, we combine BERT with a temporal convolutional network and a bidirectional gated recurrent unit network in order to enhance the extracted semantic and contextual features. The evaluation results show that the proposed method has outperformed the baseline and other models by achieving an F1-score of 84.58% for the Arabic ACD task. Furthermore, a set of methods are examined to handle the class imbalance in the used dataset. Data augmentation based on back-translation has shown its effectiveness through enhancing the first results by an overall improvement of more than 3% in terms of F1-score.
Decay heat in ISIS spallation target: simulations and measurements
Authors: Quintieri Lina , Lilley Steven , Wilcox Dan , Findlay David , Jenkins David , Gallimore Stephen , Haynes David
Published: December 2022

Spallation targets for neutron production with high energy protons are made of high density and high atomic number materials in order to maximise the yield of neutrons for all the instruments around. Operating a proton beam onto a spallation target produces residual radioactive nuclei either as direct product of the spallation process and as secondary low energy neutron absorption. A reliable estimation of the overall activation and decay heat, as a function of the cooling time and irradiation profile history, is fundamental for a valuable design of the radiation shielding and cooling system during the operation phase as well for envisaging the optimal storage solution at the end of life of the target. This work presents the comparison between the FLUKA predictions of the decay heat in the ISIS TS1 target operated between 2014 and 2019 and the decay heat estimations derived from the measurement of the temperature in each plate at different cooling times. The agreement between the FLUKA predictions and the experimentally assessed values shows and quantifies the goodness of the FLUKA model in predicting measurable physical quantities relevant for the engineering thermal design of the target/reflector and moderator (TRAM) assembly. In addition, it also provides an indirect evidence of the accuracy of the simulated spallation physics and neutron transport throughout the TRAM assembly. Finally this work attempts to highlight and propose a general empirical procedure that could be eventually applied and used to proficiently measure the decay heat at whatever cooling time in targets with similar ISIS design.