bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FROM PAGE TO SCREEN: A REVIEW OF MULTIMODAL PEDAGOGY IN CONTEXT OF ESL CLASSROOM
Authors: Sarvaiya Dr. Sejal
Published: June 2024

An unprecedented surge of interest has been observed in the field of research in multimodality in language learning in recent times. Academicians and researchers are looking for the meaningful ways in which the inter weave of multimodal techniques using digital medium that can yield to rewarding learning outcomes. The screen has become the most prevailing and powerful communication medium across the globe. So, pedagogical research interest on meaning making realized through various modes including digital technology tools is justified. One after the other researcher has acknowledged the benefits of multimodal practices for L2 students. Li and Akoto have shown several benefits of multimodal techniques like improved awareness in audience and genre, autonomy of learners, investment in language learning, identity development and competence in second language and communication (Li & Akoto, 2021, p.1). This article offers useful insights into Multimodal Pedagogy in Context of ESL Classroom and its effects on L2 learners as well as its implications for L2 teachers. Second language learning process is intricate and contemporary research in multimodality can provide direction to teachers and policy makers to have more inclusive ESL classrooms.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A BOON OR A BANE FOR MEDICINE?
Authors: Mittal Avi , Kaur Avneet , Panjeta Dilawar , Garg Chahak , Surya Bharti
Published: June 2024

In the dynamic intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and medicine, the question of AI's role as a boon or bane unfolds. AI's omnipresence in daily medical practices, from record-keeping to drug discovery, is explored, portraying it as a transformative force in healthcare. The narrative navigates through the historical evolution of AI in medicine, spotlighting its pivotal role in diagnoses, treatment decisions, and outcomes predictions. However, the tale takes a nuanced turn, shedding light on the environmental impact, high costs, ethical concerns, potential unemployment, and the risk of AI-induced laziness and emotionlessness. Yet, amidst these challenges, the narrative accentuates AI's symbiotic relationship with human doctors, particularly in surgical devices and diagnostics. The conclusion urges an increased focus on controlled programs and research studies to unravel AI's full potential in medicine. As the twenty-first century unfolds, the intricate dance between man and machine in healthcare continues to shape the narrative of medical progress.
3 - D PRINTING IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: Rao Dr. Harshita
Published: June 2024

In the medical field, 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has gained prominence for its ability to create intricate and customized objects layer by layer from digital models. One significant application is in the production of personalized prosthetics tailored to an individual's anatomy, improving comfort and functionality. Moreover, 3D printing plays a crucial role in the development of patient-specific implants and medical devices. For instance, implants can be precisely designed to match a patient's unique anatomical features, leading to better integration and long-term success. This level of customization is particularly valuable in complex surgeries and cases where off-the-shelf solutions may not suffice. Surgeons also benefit from 3D printing technology by having access to patient-specific models for pre-operative planning. These models allow for a detailed understanding of the patient's anatomy, aiding in strategizing the surgery and potentially reducing operating time. Customized surgical tools can also be produced through 3D printing, further enhancing precision during procedures.
MITIGATION OF TREATMENT RELATED CARDIOTOXICITY IN PATIENTS WITH THORACIC MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Tanwar Dr. Aditi , Rana Dr. Mohit
Published: June 2024

Thoracic malignancies have always been of great concern. Surgery, chemotherapy and mediastinal radiation are an integral component of treatment of a variety of thoracic malignancies. Improvement in therapeutics and technology has increased the longevity of these patients and hence its not uncommon to witness long term survivors. This has changed the ultimate goal of treatment which is no more just cure rather the focus is now cure along with quality of life. Heart being the central thoracic structure bears the major brunt of adverse effects following mediastinal radiation and chemotherapy. More research into the underlying pathophysiology is required to improve and implement the screening protocols for identifying preclinical cardio toxicity and allow for earlier interventions. Although significant improvement in the techniques of radiation and judicious use of cardio toxic drugs have reduced the incidence of these cardiac events. But still treatment induced cardio toxicity remains potentially significant for many patients with thoracic cancers. A variety of futuristic trends are implemented like improved knowledge about radiation doses limitations to cardiac substructures allows for better personalization of radiation in the times to come. Better application of cardiac contouring atlases in routine clinics and case management is required. Adapting to the protocols of reduced radiation field and dose together with vigorous attempts of using breath hold technique, prone positioning and the latest techniques of radiation along with aggressive cardiovascular risk modification can help in further reducing the incidence of radiation induced cardiac disease.
MORBID OBESITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON PREGNANCY
Authors: Kulsoom Ummay , Gupta Nidhi
Published: June 2024

Obesity has been defined as excessive body fat that often results in impairment of health and metabolism the worldwide prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled between 1975 and 2016. Rising rate of obesity in women of reproductive age group has negatively impacted both the mother and fetus and pose a challenge for maternal care. This chapter deals with multiple adverse effects of morbod obesity on mother as well as fetal and neonatal adverse effects along with various management options.
FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS SUITABLE FOR INDIAN DOMESTIC MARKET SECTOR IN COVID AND POST COVID ERA
Authors: Behere Girija Saurabh , Narasimha Murthy L. , Karthikeyan M. , Thomas Joice V.
Published: June 2024

Fisheries sector plays an important role in socio-economic development with significant contribution to food security, livelihood option, and diversified agriculture. Adding value to fish increases economic profitability as well as improves processing utilization. Value added and diversified products from fish, crustaceans, cephalopods, aquaculture fish and fish mince have great demand in international markets. Value addition is enhancing value of any fish and fishery product using various techniques from simpler to complex one, either alone or in combination. There is a tremendous scope for value addition in fish and fishery products for domestic market. Training and demonstrations for making fisherman realize about the importance of it is a need of an hour. Centralized processing units may be established for benefit of fishermen and market and infrastructure strengthening are also essential points to be considered.
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE
Authors: Sai Durga C. , S Vaani Sri. , Maheswaran M. , Kokila K.
Published: June 2024

Climate of a place determines the type of crops grown in a particular place. Climate is generally defined as “Weather condition prevailing over a large area for a very long time”. Climate has a significant impact on agriculture productivity, type of crops grown, availability of water, crop growing period, precipitation pattern and many more. Hence, it can be drawn and said that, there is a parallel relationship between climate and agriculture and the slightest of the change in the climate can cause a huge impact on agriculture and its production. Agriculture production is highly vulnerable to climate change. Climate change is caused by various factors, some being natural while the others being anthropogenic. The obviously observed changes in climate are increased temperatures (Global warming in other words), increased concentration in green house gases in the atmosphere especially CO2, unpredictable monsoon, warming of oceans and many more. Of the above mentioned effects of climate change have a direct and great impact on agriculture and its production.
PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING FUNGI AS A POTENTIAL BIO-CONTROL AGENT AGAINST BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT IN RICE CROP
Authors: K Jaya Raghavendra , V B Ananya , G L Deepika , H H Anithashree , Sumanth B Dr.
Published: June 2024

A disease termed bacterial leaf blight has affected rice output, Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae which is the causative agent damages the shoot portion of the rice crop. It results in a severe reduction in yield. Chemical treatments are now being used to combat this issue. However, in the long term, it causes greater harm to the environment. As a result, plant growth-promoting fungi extracted from the rice plant's rhizosphere are tested to determine if they have any antagonistic impact on the causal bacterium, Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae, to utilize PGPF a simpler and safer approach of combating the BLB illness affecting rice.
IMPROVEMENT IN RAINFED COTTON PRODUCTIVITY BY INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES UNDER HIGH DENSITY PLANTING SYSTEM GROWN ON BROAD BED FURROWS
Authors: Yenpreddiwar M.D. , Nandeshwar B.C. , Mahatale P.V.
Published: June 2024

At Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidhyapeeth's cotton research station in Akola, field tests were carried out to determine the best agricultural techniques for high density planting methods in cotton crops. During the Kharif season from 2015 to 2018, four herbicides were applied either alone or in combination with cultural practices, weed-free check, and control as a weedy check in a randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. Pendimethalin was the pre-emergence treatment, and glyphosate, pyrithiobac sodium, and quazalofop ethyl were the post-emergence treatments. Broad bed furrow (BBF) planting was used for the genotype AKH 081, with a size of 60 x 10 cm and 1.66 lakhs per hectare. The trial's outcomes showed that in terms of plant height, dry weight per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, and cotton seed yield, the weed-free control treatment performed better than the other treatments. It was also the most successful at keeping weeds under control. Pendimethalin 38.7 CS PE 1.25 a. i. kg ha-1 + hoeing at 30 DAS + hand weeding at 45 DAS took second position. As a result, seed cotton and lint yields were equal under the weed-free check and pendimethalin + cultural practices treatments. The application of pendimethalin (38.7 CS PE 1.25 a. i. kg ha-1), weed free check, hoeing at 30 DAS, and hand weeding at 45 DA all produced greater gross and net return values from an economic standpoint
ROLE OF PLANT TRICHOMES IN PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors: G Patel Hiral , J Pastagia Jayesh , M Senjaliya Tushar , S Chaudhary Lala
Published: June 2024

Natural hair like structures, produced on aerial surfaces of plants that involves in plant defence, are recognised as trichomes. These trichomes play their role in natural plant defence. These trichomes may be glandular or non-glandular, and secrete exudates, which trap insects and slowdown their movement and act as a physical barrier either against insect attack killing the insects directly or through retarding the insect growth and their population. These trichomes play an important role against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant trichomes, specialized epidermal outgrowths found on the surfaces of various plant species, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their diverse roles in plant development, defense, and pest management. Trichomes serve as a physical barrier against herbivores, play a crucial role in the release of chemical deterrents, and act as key components of indirect defense mechanisms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted contributions of plant trichomes in pest management, focusing on their structural characteristics, chemical defense, and ecological interactions with herbivores. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the role of trichomes in pest management can potentially pave the way for the development of novel strategies for sustainable agriculture.
WATERLOGGED SOILS: CAUSES, CHALLENGES AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: Patra Abhik , Singh R. P. , Singh B. K. , Kundu M. S. , Kumar Gagan , Mukherjee Sayon
Published: June 2024

Waterlogged soils pose significant challenges to agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. This abstract provides an overview of the causes, challenges, and management strategies associated with waterlogged soils. Waterlogging occurs when the soil becomes saturated with water, leading to poor aeration and impeded drainage. Several factors contribute to waterlogging, including heavy rainfall, high water table levels, poor soil structure, and inadequate drainage systems. Climate change exacerbates these conditions, making waterlogging a pressing issue in many regions. The challenges posed by waterlogged soils are multifaceted. Oxygen deficiency in waterlogged soil hinders root respiration and nutrient uptake, leading to reduced crop yields. Additionally, anoxic conditions promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria, which produce harmful substances like methane and hydrogen sulfide. These gases can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and negatively impact soil health. To manage waterlogged soils effectively, a combination of preventive and remedial strategies is necessary. Prevention involves improving soil drainage through proper land leveling, constructing drainage systems, and implementing controlled irrigation practices. Additionally, maintaining good soil structure through proper organic matter and nutrient management can enhance soil drainage capacity. Remedial strategies focus on reducing the immediate effects of waterlogging. These include using soil amendments to enhance soil aeration and drainage, such as applying gypsum to improve soil structure or incorporating organic materials to increase microbial activity. Crop selection is also crucial, as certain plant species exhibit better waterlogging tolerance than others. Addressing the challenges posed by waterlogged soils is crucial for achieving sustainable agriculture and conservation of environment. By understanding the causes and implementing appropriate management strategies, we can focus towards ensuring food security, minimizing environmental impact, and promoting the resilience of agricultural systems in waterlogged areas.
FICUS ELASTICA L. (MORACEAE) PROP ROOTS AGAINST MOSQUITO LARVAE!
Authors: Muralidharan R , R Rajarajan
Published: June 2024

Ficus elastic L., (Moraceae) an tree native to has been utilized in traditional medicinal practices such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. This plant was studied for its larvicidal activity. Test concentrations of 1000,750, 500,250 µg of hexane, chloroform:methanol [1:2] were investigated for activity against the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus The chloroform:methanol [1:2] extract showed 91% mortality after 48 hrs of incubation against the Aedes, LC50 of 0.302 followed by 0.219 and 0.214 for 750,500, and 250 µl concentrations respectively. This article leads to possible extracts and their role in the near future as eco-friendly natural pesticide to control mosquito larvae.
PCR: AMPLIFYING DNA FOR GENETIC STUDIES
Authors: Hanzala Khan Mohd , Ali Asghar , Ashfaq Mohd Ashraf , Noorani Md. Salik
Published: June 2024

The application of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology has revolutionized the field of genetics by enabling efficient amplification of DNA segments for various genetic studies. This chapter delves into the pivotal role of PCR in genetic research, elucidating its fundamental principles, techniques, and diverse applications. The chapter commences with a comprehensive introduction to the significance of PCR in genetic investigations. It highlights the indispensable nature of DNA amplification in unlocking the genome's secrets, allowing researchers to analyze genetic variations, mutations, and hereditary factors. A historical overview traces the evolution of PCR, from its inception as a groundbreaking technique to its widespread adoption in modern genetics. The core components of PCR reactions, including DNA template, primers, DNA polymerases, and nucleotides, are systematically explained, showcasing the intricate molecular interplay that drives DNA amplification. The amplification process itself is dissected into its three cardinal steps: denaturation, primer annealing, and extension. Clear explanations elucidate the significance of each step and the precise conditions required for successful DNA amplification. The chapter delves into the critical aspects of primer design, emphasizing the need for specificity and efficiency to ensure accurate and reliable results. Furthermore, it explores the selection of appropriate DNA polymerases, considering factors such as fidelity, processivity, and resistance to inhibitors. Illustrating the versatility of PCR in genetics, the chapter surveys an array of applications. It expounds upon the utilization of PCR in genetic diagnostics, including the detection of disease-associated mutations and the identification of genetic predispositions. Additionally, the chapter highlights the role of PCR in population genetics, gene expression studies, and functional genomics. Concluding on a forward-looking note, the chapter presents emerging trends and advancements in PCR technology, such as digital PCR and high-throughput sequencing. These innovations underscore PCR's enduring significance in unraveling the complexities of genetics, fueling ongoing discoveries, and shaping the future of genetic research.
SIGNIFICANCE OF BIOMARKERS IN INTESTINAL DISORDERS AND CANCERS
Authors: Verma Muskan , Ali Dr. Asghar , Kamthan Dr. Mohan
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the magnitude of biomarkers in understanding, diagnosing, and treating intestinal cancers and disorders. It mainly focuses on intestine-related cancers like colorectal cancer, small intestine cancer, and intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The specific biomarkers related to intestinal cancers (with a particular emphasis on colorectal cancer) and disorders (especially IBD) are discussed. Furthermore, genetic biomarkers like KRAS, BRAF, TP53, and APC mutations are examined, along with epigenetic biomarkers such as DNA methylation and his tone modifications. Additionally, protein biomarkers like CEA, Ki-67, and p53 are highlighted, each offering valuable insights into disease development, prognosis, and treatment response. Future perspectives and challenges surrounding biomarkers in intestinal cancers and disorders are then explored. Precision medicine, liquid biopsies, multi-omics integration, early detection and screening, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and challenges related to validation, standardization, cost, accessibility, ethical considerations, biomarker combinations, and the heterogeneity of intestinal cancers and disorders are addressed.
THE EVOLVING ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
Authors: Khatoon Shamima , Malik Kavita , Hakeem Iqra , Kamthan Dr. Mohan , Ali Dr. Asghar
Published: June 2024

The integration of biotechnology in education is revolutionizing teaching methodologies and student learning outcomes. Biotechnology enhances critical thinking and problem-solving skills by providing hands-on experiences and interdisciplinary connections. It prepares students for future careers in biotechnology and related fields while addressing the need for scientific literacy. However, challenges such as equipment access and teacher training must be overcome. Embracing the evolving role of biotechnology in education equips students with the knowledge and skills required for success in a biotechnologically driven world.
MARINE BACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES AN EMERGING NOVEL BIOPOLYMER: PURIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND MERCURY BIOSORPTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Patel Vishal H , Shah Kamlesh , Patel Falguni R
Published: June 2024

Marine terrain represents an unfamiliar diversity of microbial population which has adapted extreme condition of that ecosystem. Bacteria is well known group of organisms which are important and dominant occupant of such harsh environments. Marine bacteria are talk of town nowadays due to their immense production and secretion of some industrial important products such as extremozymes, biopolymers, pigments and biosurfactants. This chapter focuses on exopolysaccharide production from marine bacteria and its classification, biosynthesis, characterization along with EPS mediated heavy metal removal strategies through Biosorption.
RECENT TRENDS OF NANOMATERIALS IN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Shinde Trupti B. , Kapadnis Kailas H.
Published: June 2024

Researchers have recently improved contemporary technology in the area of lowering the phenomena of pollution arising from them using numerous scientific investigations. The key characteristics, such as mechanical, electrical, and optical properties and their relationships, are determined in this chapter along with the preparation techniques for nanomaterials. High-tech methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffractions (XRD), were required for the study of nanomaterials, which can range in size from 1 to 100 nm. The employment of diverse types of devices, such as solar cells for creating clean energy, nanotechnologies in coatings for building exterior surfaces, and sonochemical dye decolorization by the process, results in different applications of nanomaterials in environmental improvement.
SELF ASSEMBLY OF SUPRAMOLECULAR AMPHIPHILIC BLOCK COPOLYMERS
Authors: Kumar Anmol , Pandey Shubhangi , Krishnamoorthi S. , Tungala Kranthikumar
Published: June 2024

Self assembled aggregates of supramolecular amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs), in aqueous solutions, have received ever increasing interest in the recent years due to their advantages viz. easy preparation, efficient loading of drug without any chemical change, and controlled drug release.
KALLIKREIN RELATED PEPTIDASES AS ANGIOGENIC TARGETS FOR BREAST AND PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Jyothi Bandi , Nambigari Navaneetha
Published: June 2024

The largest cause of death and a serious global public health issue, according to research, is cancer. Cancer is characterized by unrestricted tumor cell growth. The growth and metastasis (penetration and proliferation) of malignant tumors depend on angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. Endothelial cells move and develop during this process as angiogenic factors interact with receptors to release enzymes that break down the endothelial cell matrix. As a result, angiogenic elements continue to create new blood vessel networks. It is found that Kallikrein related peptidases KLK-12, KLK-14 and KLK-15 proteins are considered as novel targets against tumor angiogenesis. They act through cleavage of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) proteins directly or indirectly through Matrix Metallo Proteinases (MMPs) activation via the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator/ uPA Receptor (uPA/ uPAR) signaling pathway. Angiogenesis is the primary driver of malignant development. In an effort to develop a cancer treatment, researchers from all around the world are currently focused on tumor angiogenesis. Thus kallikrein related peptidases are considered as the angiogenic targets against various cancers.
THE UTILIZATION OF JUTE FELT AS A SELF-ADHESIVE CORE VENEER FOR THE FABRICATION OF PLYWOOD REPRESENTS AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN PLYWOOD MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Authors: Sahoo Dr. S. C. , Dutta Annesha
Published: June 2024

This research explored using jute felt, a strong natural fiber as a replacement for traditional wood veneer in making plywood. The jute fiber, strengthened with phenolic resin, was used to create plywood sheets of various thicknesses (4 mm to 18 mm). In this study, more than 60% of the materials used to make plywood were natural fibers, offering a sustainable alternative to wood. The Plywood were tested different properties like how rough the surface was, moisture content, density, water absorption, strength under compression and tension, and how well it held screws and nails. The results showed that the plywood met the requirements for different grades according to industry standards. Additionally, it showed increased resistance to pests and weathering. We also tested the glued core made with jute felt for three months before making plywood, and it held up well under different conditions. This study suggests that using jute instead of wood in plywood can be a great solution, especially as forests are getting smaller. Using renewable resources in plywood production can help when there's a shortage of wood and reduce costs associated with importing veneer.
COMMON MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR ACTIVE PHYTO CHEMICALS
Authors: Parveen Rukhshana
Published: June 2024

Plants have been utilized as medicinal plants from pre historic times. Traditional systems of medicine widely practised in whole world. India has been known to be very rich in medicinal plants. These Medicinal plants are living and are renewable natural resources. The forest areas have been the traditional source of medicinal plants and herbs. These medicinal plants are used in various diseases and according to WHO report, over 80% of world’s population depend on traditional medicine largely plant based for their primary health care needs. Curing with medicinal plants is considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects. The use of herbal drugs does not dependent on any age groups. Apart from the medicinal uses, herbs are also utilize in making food, dyes perfumes etc.
ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST-A TYPE OF BENIGN CYSTIC NEOPLASM/AGGRESSIVE CYST
Authors: More Nishtha U.
Published: June 2024

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a type of odontogenic cyst (OC). It can be described as a developmental Odontogenic cyst of distinctive form. Its specific histopathological features and clinical behavior of aggressive type make it considerably special. FNAC is most useful in oral cancer detection of squamous cell carcinoma. Odontogenic Keratocyst, was first identified and described in 1876. From 1971 till date, 39 cases of Odontogenic Keratocyst have been reported making it a rare case.
THE FUTURE OF DANCE: INNOVATING MOVEMENT THROUGH IOT TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Ann Pinto Adele , Guha Thakurta Arundhati , Sushil Shirsekar Siddhesh
Published: June 2024

The Internet of Things (IOT) is a rapidly growing technology that promises to revolutionize the way we interact with devices and each other. It is based on the concept of connecting physical devices and sensors to the internet, allowing them to collect and share data with other devices and services. This technology has already started to transform many industries, from healthcare to transportation, and is expected to profoundly impact our lives in the years to come. One area where IOT technology is being applied is in the dance industry, where wearable sensors, smart devices, and video analysis tools are being used to track dancers’ movements, collect data on their performance, and provide real-time feedback on their technique. In this whitepaper, we’ll take a look at how IOT Performance Analysis is currently Elevating Dance Performance and Training and how IOT performance analysis of the sports industry can be implemented in the dance industry. Specifically, we’ll walk through the benefits – and more importantly – the challenges faced by dancers and trainers – and how we can implement the performance analysis theories. Smart mirrors and smart yoga mats, equipped with sensors and cameras could track a dancer's movements, and provide valuable assistance to dancers in several ways, including identifying areas that need improvement and making necessary adjustments, helping to perfect their choreography, monitoring their performance during rehearsals or live performances, and creating personalized workout or practice routines based on their fitness goals and preferences. The process of performance analysis of dancers involves using sensors, data analytics, and other IoT technologies to gather and analyze data about the dancers' movements and performance. The steps typically involve defining the problem or question that needs to be answered, selecting appropriate sensors to collect the required data, collecting the data during dance practices and performances, and analyzing the data to identify patterns and trends that can help improve technique and performance. IoT technology is poised to significantly impact the dance industry and other areas, offering new opportunities for improving performance, enhancing training, and delivering personalized experiences to users.
IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH - RISK ZONES OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE GENERATION OF TAMIL NADU 2018 – 2021
Authors: Srileka Dr. S. , Sujatha Dr. P.
Published: June 2024

The interplay between the microenvironment (internal) and macroenvironment (surrounding) of human beings plays a pivotal role in determining the health status of an individual or the broader community. Biomedical waste generation and disposal have become a pressing issue not only in India but globally on a daily basis. The everyday generation of biomedical waste is increasing due to the growth of healthcare facilities. Numerous of these difficulties can be lessened with efficient biomedical waste management. Biomedical waste must be separated, stored, processed, transported, and disposed of; these are all conventional procedures that are essential to healthcare waste management. Multidisciplinary cooperation is used in an all-encompassing strategy to address organizational, planning, administrative, financial, engineering, legal, and human resource issues. The management of medical waste demands unwavering commitment from healthcare providers across all tiers.
SILSESQUIOXANES: SYNTHESIS, REACTIVITY AND APPLICATIONS IN MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
Authors: Loganathan Pushparaj , Shanmugan Swaminathan
Published: June 2024

The study of the chemistry of silsesquioxanes comprising Si–O bonds has been primarily applied in field of inorganic silica and organosiloxane in which the repeating RSiO1.5 unit governs. Silsesquioxane has various benefits such as thermal, chemical stability and optical transparency from inorganic silica and solubility, ease of functionalization of organic groups to achieve the desired properties, ease of processing, less toxicity and biocompatibility from organosiloxanes. Silsesquioxanes are typically subdivided into two classes such as completely condensed silsesquioxanes and incompletely condensed silsesquioxanes. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes are nanoscale building blocks that have been employed in template-free methods leading to the development of hybrid materials through “bottom-up” approaches. The construction of hierarchical structures by that unique functionalization followed by self-assembling of POSS molecules performs a significant role in materials chemistry. Hierarchical superstructures formed by POSS derivatives can be used in applications related to oil/water separations and flame retardant materials.
GREENER SOLVENTS IN C-H ACTIVATION: ADVANCING SUSTAINABLE TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Panda Biswajit
Published: June 2024

Greener solvents in C-H activation represent a pioneering approach in organic synthesis, aiming to revolutionize traditional chemical processes and enhance sustainability. C-H activation, a powerful strategy for functionalizing carbon-hydrogen bonds directly, has garnered significant attention due to its potential to streamline complex molecule synthesis. However, the use of conventional solvents in these reactions has often raised environmental and health concerns. Greener solvents, such as ionic liquids, supercritical fluids, and bio-based alternatives, offer a promising solution by significantly reducing the ecological impact of C-H activation reactions. These environmentally benign solvents not only improve reaction efficiency and selectivity but also diminish waste generation and mitigate the carbon footprint. As researchers continue to explore and optimize the use of greener solvents, the field of C-H activation is poised to make significant strides towards sustainable and eco-friendly organic synthesis, contributing to a greener and cleaner future for chemical processes.
UNVEILING INNOVATIONS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY: A CRITICAL EXPLORATION FROM TODAY TO TOMORROW
Authors: Aanchal Sati Dr.
Published: June 2024

The field of chemical, material sciences and nanotechnology has witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years, leading to groundbreaking innovations and shaping a promising future. This chapter highlights some of the key futuristic trends that are expected to have a transformative impact on these disciplines. In the realm of chemical and material sciences, there is a growing emphasis on sustainable and green practices. Recent research are being explored with novel approaches to synthesis the material, utilizing renewable feed stocks and minimizing environmental impact and analysing the science behind it in its real-time functioning by using different characterization techniques for technological point of view. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques is revolutionizing the field, enabling the rapid design and discovery of new molecules and materials with tailored properties.
HOT COMPRESSION BEHAVIOR OF AA 6061-2 WT.% AL2O3 NANOCOMPOSITE
Authors: Jeyasimman Dr. D. , Shrawan Kumar Saran Mr. , Narayanasamy Dr. R.
Published: June 2024

This study uses a constitutive model and process mapping to examine the behavior of heat deformation in Alumina nanoparticles reinforced with Al 6061 alloy. 2 wt.%Al2O3reinforced AA 6061nanocomposites produced using a 30-hour mechanical alloying process. At three different temperatures such as 250, 350, and 450 ̊C hot compression tests were conducted with strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 s-1. Investigations were conducted on the workability zone for various combinations of temperature and strain rates. Safe region and unsafe regions were identified by processing maps.
NANOPARTICLE RESONANCE MECHANISM BEHAVIOUR IN A DYE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Vadiraj B Tangod Dr. , Lalasangi Dayanand , Sangeeta Kulkarni Dr.
Published: June 2024

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are recent breakthrough scientific and technological advancements that have been advancing at a breakneck rate over the last decade. Because of the high surface-to-volume ratio, the quantum size effect, and electrodynamic interactions, materials in the nanoscale size domain exhibit behaviour that is transitional between that of a macroscopic solid and that of an atomic or molecular system.Mie's Scattering theory was used to explore the optical characteristics of nano particles and their dependency on particle size. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is connected to the absorption spectra of gold nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 4 to 12nm. Our major aim is to use Mie's theory and available simulations to compute the extinction, absorption, and scattering coefficients of gold nanoparticles of various sizes. The observed results show that when the size of the nanoparticles rises from 4 to 50nm, the extinction efficiency at the resonant peak improves, as does the SPR shift from 520nm to 570nm.The fluorescence and optical absorption intensities of the ADS680HO laser dyes in alcohol solvents with and without AuNP/AgNP bonding reveal quenching. This is related to the size, shape, energy transfer, and interaction of the AuNPs/AgNPs with the dye. Fluorescence quenching using AuNPs/AgNPs and ADS680HO laser dye has various uses, particularly in biomolecular labelling and fluorescence patterning.
BIOSENSOR FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors: Kakoli Dutta Dr. , Talukdar Swastika , Banerjee Vriindya , Banerjee Urnisha
Published: June 2024

This paper presents an overview of the advancements, applications, and challenges of biosensors in environmental monitoring. Biosensors utilize biological recognition elements, such as enzymes, antibodies, DNA, or whole cells, integrated with transducers to convert the biochemical interactions into measurable signals. Environmental monitoring plays an important role in assessing the impact of pollutants on our ecosystems and human health. In recent years, biosensors have appeared as powerful tools for sensitive, selective, and real-time detection of environmental impurity. These sensors offer many advantages, including high sensitivity, rapid response, portability, and the potential for miniaturization. They have been successfully applied in various environmental monitoring scenarios, including atmospheric quality assessment, water bodies pollution detection, soil analysis, and various pathogen monitoring.
TANDEM GENERATION OF FURO [3, 4-b] PYRAZINE AND FURO [3, 4-b] QUINOXALINE INTERMEDIATES USING FISCHER CARBENE COMPLEXES AND TRAPPING FOR SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES
Authors: Roy Priyabrata
Published: June 2024

An unique method for tandem generation of furo[3,4-b]pyrazine and furo[3,4-b]quinoxaline intermediates using Fischer carbene complexes and then trapping with suitable dienophiles to generate nitrogen heterocycles has been described. The intermediate is trapped with a dienophile to generate quinoxaline or phenazine ring system respectively.
EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH SELF-HELP GROUPS: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY IN SUNDARBANS, WEST BENGAL
Authors: Mishra Dr. Rinki , Mehata Dr. Masuma
Published: June 2024

The SHG is the subject of the investigation in three different ways. It begins by evaluating the members of the SHG's economic and social circumstances. Then, it attempts to study the SHG's structure and operation and looks at the degree to which women are empowered at various levels (viz Economic, Social, Political and Health). This study discovered that the SHG member's living circumstances are significantly improved by the loans obtained and the money made via income-generating activities. The women's participation in the organisation has improved their financial literacy, created a bank account in their names, met and interacted with other members of society, participated in social and political events, and provided them access to various resources. According to the studies, rural women who joined SHGs experienced economic growth, social empowerment, and personal growth regarding knowledge and decision-making abilities.
MICRO FINANCE INTERVENTIONS: WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN RAYAGADA DISTRICT, ODISHA
Authors: Mishra Dr. Rinki
Published: June 2024

Microfinance initiative for urban and rural women's empowerment. Women's standing has transformed as a result of the microfinance initiative's provision of economic and social decision-making freedom. Microfinance made it easier for the underprivileged and disadvantaged groups to get access to official financial institutions' resources and greatly encouraged the development of skill-based livelihoods. Microfinance made it easier for the underprivileged and disadvantaged groups to obtain financial assistance from official financial institutions and considerably aided in the development of sources of income via the improvement of participation and skills. The study considers Both primary and secondary data are taken in the investigation. 140 SHG members from 8 blocks in the Rayagada area make up the whole sample for this study. In order to I Analyze the expansion and functioning of the microfinance programme in the Rayagada district of Odisha. To assess how well the Self-Help Group (SHG) programme is addressing the many facets of empowerment in rural communities. (iii)To make recommendations for potential actions to ensure the viability of microloans and to increase chances for empowerment among rural women in the research region.
UNDERSTANDING THE FINANCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES AND HOW COUNTRY WILL GET BENEFITS FROM THIS UPCOMING MIDDLE-CLASS BOOM
Authors: Shaw Neha , Lodh Rupa Paul
Published: June 2024

Overview and Main Findings This study looks closely at how middle-class families in India handle their money, aiming to understand their financial behavior. Because the middle class is the foundation of India's economy, the research checks out how they make money in use, and how much they earn, save, spend, and invest. It also explores how these families could bring a positive change in India. By the time India celebrates 100 years of independence, we can take the estimation value approx. 63% of the population will be part of the middle class. This study identifies areas where middle-class families face financial challenges, such as managing debt, balancing competing financial priorities; prepare their budget lists for household activities. In addition, our study delves into the mental strength reflected in middle-class families as they navigate through challenging situations with a positive attitude, which we refer to as their adeptness in handling difficulties with smiles. This research contributes to the targeted strategies and interventions that promote financial literacy, encourage financial management, and boost the long- term financial security and prosperity for those the awareness policies. The middle-class segment constitutes nearly half of the country's populace, making it a pivotal demographic to study. In the context of India, this demographic offers a multitude of advantages. It creates a fertile ground for nurturing entrepreneurial talent, with successful entrepreneurs tracing their roots back to middle-class backgrounds. It may lead to a surge in remittances and a noteworthy augmentation of India's GDP. Investigating the extricated interplay between the middle-class, entrepreneurship, and economic growth unveils a captivating landscape for emerging exploration.
EFFECT OF INCLUSION CONTENT ON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOFT MAGNETIC IRON-COBALT- VANADIUM ALLOY FOR AEROSPACE AND AERONAUTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kolar Dr. Deepak
Published: June 2024

Soft magnetic alloys constitute an important class of engineering materials since it can easily be magnetized and demagnetized with a small external field. They are ideally suited for applications requiring high flux density and reduction in weight specifically for aeronautical and aerospace applications. Melting this alloy needs special attention due to inclusion arising from the refractory of the vacuum Induction melting furnace or any other impurity coming from the deposit of the previous heat. These types of inclusions reduce the magnetic properties drastically. A detailed study was conducted from different industrial heats taken and the variation of magnetic properties was analyzed. The inclusion content in different heats was studied using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-Ray. The study results revealed that distribution of inclusion content has a pronounced effect on magnetic properties.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BAFFLE INSERT TYPE WITH STAIRMAND GAS SOLID CYCLONE SEPARATORS THROUGH COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Rokhade Kiran Kumar , Udbal Eshwar , Joshi Anand K , Karthik S.
Published: June 2024

A gas-solid cyclone separator is used in a variety of lab-scale and industrial applications to separate the particles from the gas and increase the separator's efficiency. The CFD tool is used to determine the efficiency of the standard Stairmand cyclone and its modified design. Utilizing the turbulent module, i.e RNG k-ε model and DPM, one-way coupling is used to predict the pressure drop, velocity contour, and particle velocity. A three-dimensional numerical study is conducted, and using sawdust powder, a fixed inlet velocity of 11.5 m/s and particle sizes of 2 and 4 μm are taken into consideration. The simulation results were compared between the Stairmand stairmand and baffle types underneath the cyclone. The modified design collected 82–86% of the particles, and the velocity and pressure drop are lower when compared to the Stairmand cyclone.
EFFICACY OF MOVIES AS SUPPLEMENTARY INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: K Pavithra , S.N.S Dr. Gandhimathi
Published: June 2024

The Initial purpose of movies in society was solely to provide entertainment, but with time, they have evolved and are now utilized as pedagogical resources. In language education, there are various other sources, such as multimodal and technological tools, that can be used in the language classroom, but empirical evidence over the years states that movies offer effective exposure to a diverse range of language components, including verbal and non-verbal communication, and provide audio and visual stimuli. The current study centers on the importance of films as a pedagogical tool and illustrates their implications within the English language classroom. The study presents a theoretical perspective towards the appropriate utilization of movies as instructional aids, the criteria for selecting a film for English as a Second Language (ESL) learners, designing activities, and analyzing the benefits and drawbacks of movies as supplementary multimodal tools.
MY WOMB, MY CHOICE
Authors: gupta Rupali
Published: June 2024

Abortion is a very delicate issue which although has been recognized by Indian legislation, nevertheless as a concept still requires understanding and awareness. In 2015, 15.6 million abortions were carried out in India. If the value is anticipated to the present, it is projected to be considerably greater in 2023. Abortion is performed in one out of every three pregnancies, clearly indicating that there is a substantial demand for abortion allied services. Hence, its regulation becomes inevitable. The Indian viewpoint on abortion has been primarily pro-choice, and while our constitution and many of our laws were decades ahead of the rest of society, our attitude toward abortion has not kept pace with time because of which significant number of abortions done are medically unsafe in nature. Approximately three-fourths of all abortions are performed outside of the health care settings, because it is bound by social taboos. Breaking taboos requires grassroots level activism, educational growth, and extensive amount of discussion. While these variables would try to raise awareness and combat rigid archaic anti-choice views, excellent explanations may bring about change. This paper's first and second part define abortion as a concept and as a personal choice. The third and fourth part further elaborates in detail about India's abortion laws and the obstacles they continue to encounter. At last, the final section discusses about the rights of unmarried women, followed by a conclusion.
ETHNOBOTANICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY OF BARPETA, ASSAM, INDIA
Authors: Das Haripriya
Published: June 2024

The research was conducted in two village of Barpeta district .This research tries to primarily focus on the relationship of man with its biological surrounding by investigating the ways to how Muslim community of Barpeta district cure and prevent diseases on their own ways directly with the help of plants and herbs. It was found that both man and its environment is interrelated. The local healers do diagnose and treat the people. They are also into spiritual healing and other kinds of treatments. The knowledge of plants and the parts to be used for different diseases were incredible.