bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diameter increment distribution along the stem of narrow-leaved ash in response to thinning intensity
Authors: Özbayram Ali Kemal
Published: March 2019

Narrow-leaved ash (NLA, Fraxinus angustifolia) is an important tree species due to its rapid development and valuable wood. In the pure NLA plantations in Turkey, little is known about the effects of thinning intensity on the diameter increment of different parts of the tree stem. In 2005, a thinning experiment with three thinning intensities (control: 0%; moderate: 19%; heavy: 28% of basal area removed) was established in an NLA plantation in Sakarya, Turkey. Seven years after thinning, a total of 25 sample trees representing dominant and co-dominant trees were felled, and cross-sectional stem samples were taken for analysis. The diameter at breast height (d1.30) and d1.30 increments of the co-dominant trees with the moderate and heavy treatments were similar to each other and greater than in the controls. The seven-year d1.30 increments of the dominant trees in the heavy-treatment plot were approximately 20% greater than in the other treatments plots. The highest diameter increments in both dominant and co-dominant trees for all treatments were determined at the 0.30 m and 17.30 m section heights. The sample tree diameter increments of between 1.30 m and 13.30 m were similar within their classes. In conclusion, heavy-intensity thinning of up to 28% did not cause tapering in the NLA plantation stems, and thus, heavy thinning can be recommended for NLA trees.
Variation in Paranasal Pneumatisation between Mid-Late Pleistocene Hominins
Authors: Buck L.T. , Stringer C.B. , MacLarnon A.M. , Rae T.C.
Published: March 2019

There is considerable variation in mid-late Pleistocene hominin paranasal sinuses, and in some taxa distinctive craniofacial shape has been linked to sinus size. Extreme frontal sinus size has been reported in mid-Pleistocene specimens often classified as Homo heidelbergensis, and Neanderthal sinuses are said to be distinctively large, explaining diagnostic Neanderthal facial shape. Here, the sinuses of fossil hominins attributed to several mid-late Pleistocene taxa were compared to those of recent H. sapiens. The sinuses were investigated to clarify differences in the extent of pneumatisation within this group and the relationship between sinus size and craniofacial variation in hominins from this time period. Frontal and maxillary sinus volumes were measured from CT data, and geometric morphometric methods were used to identify and analyse shape variables associated with sinus volume. Some mid-Pleistocene specimens were found to have extremely large frontal sinuses, supporting previous suggestions that this may be a diagnostic characteristic of this group. Contrary to traditional assertions, however, rather than mid-Pleistocene Homo or Neanderthals having large maxillary sinuses, this study shows that H. sapiens has distinctively small maxillary sinuses. While the causes of large sinuses in mid-Pleistocene Homo remain uncertain, small maxillary sinuses in H. sapiens most likely result from the derived craniofacial morphology that is diagnostic of our species. These conclusions build on previous studies to overturn long-standing but unfounded theories about the pneumatic influences on Neanderthal craniofacial form, whilst opening up questions about the ecological correlates of pneumatisation in hominins.
Herbal Extracts in Combination with Nanosilver Inhibit Blight Disease Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice
Authors: Nguyen Hai Thanh , Dang Trang Hoang , Nguyen Thanh Hà Thi
Published: March 2019

Bacterial rice leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), has a massive impact on the quality and productivity of rice. Besides BLB resistant rice cultivars, herbal extracts and nanosilver have increasingly demonstrated their important roles in controlling the disease as alternatives to synthetic chemical pesticides. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the Xoo antibacterial effects of several herbal extracts and nanosilver in vitro and in vivo. In the study, Wedelia chinensis Osbeck Merr., Clerodendrum fragrans Vent., Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour., Polyathia longifolia var. Pendula, and Caesalpinia sappan L. were extracted by maceration with six types of solvents (distilled water, 70% ethanol, chloroform, n-hexane, and 100% acetonitrile), then used in an agar diffusion test to evaluate their Xoo antibacterial effects. The results showed that 70% ethanol was the best extracting solvent for the targeted plants. C. fragrans, E. Cochinchinensis, and C. sappan showed significant antibacterial effects with inhibition zone diameters of 28.50 cm, 21.00 cm, and 25.70 cm, respectively. Finally, the individual extract from C. fragrans, E. Cochinchinensis, and C. sappan were combined with nanosilver particles and used to access BLB inhibition capacity in vivo, using the rice cultivar IR24 as the target for Xoo infection. Application of the C. fragrans extract resulted in resistance of IR24 rice to BLB. Similar results were also observed in the infected rice when products combining nanosilver and E. cochinchinensis or C. sappan were applied to infected rice leaves.
Registration of ‘Matterhorn’ Hard White Waxy Winter Wheat
Authors: Graybosch Robert A. , Baenziger P. Stephen , Santra Dipak , Regassa Teshome , Jin Yue , Kolmer James , Bai Guihua , Amand Paul St. , Chen Richard , Seabourn Bradford
Published: March 2019

‘Matterhorn’ (Reg. No. CV‐1151, PI 687896) hard white winter waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed cooperatively by the USDA‐ARS and the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2018. Matterhorn, a sibling of the hard red waxy cultivar Mattern, has white grain color and waxy (amylose‐free) endosperm starch. It was released primarily for its unique end‐use quality attributes and for grain yield competitiveness with currently grown Nebraska‐adapted cultivars. The waxy starch is conditioned by the presence of three naturally occurring mutations that eliminate production of the enzyme granule‐bound starch synthase. Granule‐bound starch synthase synthesizes amylose in typical wheats and other cereal crops. Matterhorn (tested as NX04Y2107W) was selected from the heterogeneous red/white‐seeded experimental line NX04Y2107 derived from the cross NW98S061/99Y1442.
Global well-posedness and asymptotic behavior for Navier–Stokes–Coriolis equations in homogeneous Besov spaces
Authors: Ferreira Lucas C.F. , Angulo-Castillo Vladimir
Published: March 2019

We are concerned with the 3D-Navier–Stokes equations with Coriolis force. Existence and uniqueness of global solutions in homogeneous Besov spaces are obtained for large speed of rotation. In the critical case of the regularity, we consider a suitable initial data class whose definition is based on the Stokes–Coriolis semigroup and Besov spaces. Moreover, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions in that setting as the speed of rotation goes to infinity.
Association of Cognitive Function with Amyloid-β and Tau Proteins in the Vitreous Humor
Authors: Wright Lauren M. , Stein Thor D. , Jun Gyungah , Chung Jaeyoon , McConnell Kate , Fiorello Marissa , Siegel Nicole , Ness Steven , Xia Weiming , Turner Kelley L. , Subramanian Manju L.
Published: March 2019

Background:

The eye may serve as source for diagnostic testing for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Examination of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein content in human vitreous and its correlation to neuro-cognition may improve ocular-based AD detection methods.

Objective:

To evaluate levels of Aβ and tau protein in human vitreous humor and investigate the clinical predictive role of these proteins as early diagnostic markers of AD.

Methods:

A prospective, single-center, multi-surgeon cohort study. Vitreous humor samples from 80 eyes were measured quantitatively for Aβ40-42, pTau, and tTau. Linear regression was used to test associations between AD biomarker levels, Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), and serum apolipoprotein E (APOE) allele status, with adjustment for age, sex, and education level of patients.

Results:

Lower MMSE scores were significantly associated with lower levels of vitreous Aβ40 ( p = 0.015), Aβ42 ( p = 0.0066), and tTau ( p = 0.0085), and these biomarkers were not associated with any pre-existing eye conditions. Presence of the ɛ4 allele and the ɛ2 allele approached significance with reduced Aβ40 level ( p = 0.053) and increased p-Tau level ( p = 0.056), respectively.

Conclusion:

Patients with poor cognitive function have significantly lower vitreous humor levels of AD-related biomarkers Aβ40, Aβ42, and tTau. These biomarkers do not correlate with underlying eye conditions, suggesting their specificity in association with cognitive change. This is the first study to our knowledge to correlate cognition with AD-related proteins in the vitreous humor. Results suggest ocular proteins may have a role for early dementia detection in individuals at risk for AD.
No effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on contrast sensitivity function
Authors: He Qing , Lin Bo-Rong , Zhao Jin , Shi Ying-Zhen , Yan Fang-Fang , Huang Chang-Bing
Published: March 2019

Background:

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-established non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been widely applied to modulate cortical excitability in human brain. The results of previous tDCS studies on modulating contrast sensitivity, one of the most fundamental visual functions, were mixed.

Objective:

We aim to systematically investigate the effects of anodal tDCS on contrast sensitivity functions (CSF), evaluate the responsiveness explanation of tDCS effects, and discuss results along with measurement precision.

Methods:

We designed a single-blinded, sham-controlled within-subject study. Twenty-seven healthy adult subjects received three sets of 15 min tDCS (two 2-mA anodal and one sham) that delivered at Oz, with CSF measured before and after each tDCS stimulation. Experimental sessions were separated by at least twenty-four hours. CSF was assessed with a Bayesian procedure that accurately estimated CSF within minutes. The anodal tDCS-induced effect was gauged with the change in CSF after stimulation; responsiveness was indexed by correlation between CSF changes in different stimulation; precision was calculated from resampling.

Results:

Our results indicated that neither the first nor the second session anodal tDCS altered the CSF significantly. Responsiveness was inconsistent between the two anodal sessions, indicating the usual responder/non-responder explanation of tDCS effects was unconvincing. Precision was less than 2 dB and constant throughout the whole experiment.

Conclusions:

The anodal tDCS, at least with two sessions, has no effect on modulating CSF. The absence of anodal tDCS effect on CSF was not due to subject’s responsiveness to tDCS or measurement precision. More studies were needed to determine the optimal vision modulation configuration.
Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis: Multivariables of microcalcification specimens obtained via X-ray guided by stereotactic wire localization biopsy
Authors: Wang Qian , Li Erni , Song Ying , Ma Peiqing , Wang Yipeng , Liu Xia , Qi Weiwei , Zhao Xinming
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE:

To retrospectively explore correlation of the resected specimen volume of breast microcalcification lesions and endogenous and exogenous factors of stereotactic needle localization biopsy (SNLB).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Totally 214 patients underwent SNLB for non-palpable breast lesion with microcalcification lesions. Of 211 patients, 198 patients underwent single needle localization and 13 patients underwent multi-needle localization (26 lesions). Lesion sizes, distribution characteristics, lesion localization accuracy and resected specimen volumes were recorded and analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM).

RESULTS:

The average lesion diameter is 2.63±1.73 cm. The localization accuracy of 187 lesions were moderate, 26 were too deep and 11 were too superficial. The mean resected specimen volume (V) was 17.51±5.14 cm3. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that 3 factors, including lesion sizes, distribution characteristics and the localization accuracy were associated with resected specimen volume (F = 67.56–112.78, P < 0.001). GLM revealed that lesion sizes, single clustered distribution and accurate localization were significant factors for resected specimen volume (F = –4.82–11.36, P < 0.05). The ratio (%) of the resected specimen volume to the involved breast volume (V0) was defined as the degree of breast defect. The mean breast defect of 125 benign patients (V/V0) was 27.5% ranging from 10.1% to 42.3%.

CONCLUSION:

Average lesion diameter and localization accuracy are highly significant variables for the resected specimen volume. Localization accuracy as a subjective controllable variable is one of the important factors that determine the volume of lesion resection. Single clustered distribution was more susceptible localization accuracy than other characteristic distributions. Improving localization accuracy can reduce resected specimen volume, which can reduce breast defect to a certain extent.
Efficient Working of Signature Based Intrusion Detection Technique in Computer Networks
Authors: Hussain Abid , Kumar Sharma Praveen
Published: March 2019

The subject of Computer Network Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a very interesting research topic actively pursued by many investigators. The goal of intrusion detection is to monitor network assets and to detect anomalous behaviour and misuse. This concept has been around for the past several years but only recently, it has seen a dramatic rise in interest of researchers and system developers for incorporation into the overall information security infrastructure. In today's world, the concept of information has been moved to the digital size from conventional size. Protection of the data stored in the digital archive and is easily accessibility at any time have become a quite important phenomenon. In this concept, intrusion detection and prevention systems as security tools are widely used today [1]. In this paper, a signature based intrusion detection system approach has been proposed for computer network security. This paper is based on the efficient working of the Signature based intrusion detection method and protects the computer network against the intrusion or the unspecified packets.
Analisis Formalin Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp) Asin Di Pasar Tradisional Kabupaten Gorntalo
Authors: Astuti Ida , Tebai Paulinus
Published: March 2019

Salted fish is a popular food ingredient among people and much-loved as a side dish every day. Anchovies besides preserved with salt, many have using a preservative synthetic as formaldehyde. Formalin much used as a preservative for food which it is an ingredient poisonous and dangerous to human health. The research was conducted to find out if fish such as salted fish who marketed, positive or negative detected formalin. A method of purposive was used in the study sample with the methods of sampling and testing colorimetry is to look at the change of color on fish. This research result indicates that of salted fish who marketed in gorontalo regency negative detected formalin, but the level of community favorite (organoleptic) very low value .The customers to the low level of fondness of salted fish who marketed because long storage which reached 1- 2 months. Keywords : Salted Fish, Formalin and Organoleptic.
Pengaruh Penambahan Probiotik EM-4 (Evective Mikroorganism-4) Dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Gurame (Osprhronemus gouramy)
Authors: Noor Sri Yuningsih , Pakaya Rano
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of probiotic EM4 (Evective Microorganism-4) in feed to growth and gouramy ointment (Osprhronemus gouramy) at the Freshwater Fish Seed Development Center in Gorontalo Province. The method of this research is experimental method and data processing using completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments 3 replicates. The treatment is done with different doses which in treatment A (Without Probiotic), B ( probiotic 1 cc), C (probiotic 2 cc), D (probiotic 3 cc). The parameters observed were growth rate, Feed Conversion (KP). Feed Efficiency (EP), and Absolute Length (PM). The data were tested continued using the LSD test (Least Significance Different). The results showed that the effect of giving EM4 probiotic with different dose to the growth rate of gouramy fish (Osprhronemus gouramy) gave a very real effect, and from the four research results it was found that treatment D with 3 cc dose was the highest value, followed by C 2 treatment cc, treatment B with a dose of 1 cc and the lowest is in treatment A (Control). Keywords : Probiotic EM-4, gouramy (Osprhronemus gouramy), Growth.
Kondisi Dan Jenis Terumbu Karang Di Perairan Desa Lowoo Kecamatan Posigadan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan
Authors: Fachrussyah Zhulmaydin Chairil , Bakari Roy , Alim Dadang Siswanto , Umar Jufriyanto
Published: March 2019

Terumbu karang adalah salah satu ekosistem yang paling kompleks dan khas di daerah tropis. Produktivitas dan keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi merupakan ciri dari ekosistem ini. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Oktober 2018. Tujuan dari  penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis kondisi terkini terumbu karang yang meliputi; (1) Luas Tutupan terumbu karang hidup, (2) mengidentifikasi jenis terumbu karang di Desa Lowoo Kecamatan Posigadan Kabupaten Bolaanmongondow Selatan. Pengambilan data tutupan karang menggunakan metode line intercept transect (LIT) dan pengambilan data dilakukan pada 3 Stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan karang hidup di 3 Stasiun pengamatan ditemukan secara berurut adalah 39,8%, 49,3% dan 86,5% yang dikategorikan masing-masing stasiun I kategori sedang, StasiunII kategori sedang dan Stasiun III Kategori Sangat Baik. Di lokasi penelitian ditemukan 11 (Sebelas) genus karang yaitu Acropora hyacinthus, Acropora millepora putih, Acropora millepora, Acropora nobilis, Acropora palifera, Diploastrea heliopora, Euphylia cristata, Favia pallida, Poycarpa aurata, Sponge, dan Tubastrea micranatha yang tersebar di stasiun I ditemukan 4 (empat) genus, Stasiun II ditemukan 6 (enam) genus, dan stasiun III ditemukan 4 (empat) genusKata Kunci: Luas Tutupan, Karang, Jenis
Pengembangan Game Virtual Reality Berbasis Android Menggunakan Unity Sebagai Media Penunjang Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Andre Joshua Lorenzo , Handriyantini Eva , Oktavia Chaulina Alfianti
Published: March 2019

Perkembangan teknologi membuat dunia memanfaatkan teknologi pada dunia edukasi, saat ini terdapat beberapa perubahan trend pada digital education, salah satu trend tersebut adalah edukasi yang memanfaatkan teknologi Augmented Reality dan Virtual Reality. Virtual reality merupakan teknologi yang mengijinkan seorang pengguna untuk berinteraksi dengan sebuah lingkungan yang disimulasikan oleh komputer. Teknologi tersebut mengijinkan pengguna untuk berinteraksi di dalam dunia virtual. Salah satu edukasi atau pendidikan yang wajib dipelajari salah satunya ialah bahasa Inggris, karena bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa internasional yang digunakan antar negara. Survei mengatakan bahwa 88% mahasiswa menyatakan bahwa smartphone membantu kegiatan belajar dan 85% dari pengajar setuju bahwa virtual reality akan memiliki efek positif. Unity 3D merupakan game engine cross-platform yang dikembangkan oleh Unity Technologies yang mendukung grafis 2D maupun 3D. Unity 3D dapat mengimplementasikan teknologi Virtual Reality sederhana yang ditujukan pada platform android berupa game edukasi pengenalan bahasa Inggris dengan cara memanfaatkan Source Development Kit yang disediakan oleh Google bernama Google Cardboard SDK untuk membuat aplikasi virtual reality. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengembangkan sebuah game edukasi bahasa Inggris dengan memanfaatkan teknologi virtual reality yang diterapkan pada smartphone android menggunakan Unity 3D. Dari latar belakang tersebut dapat diambil masalah yaitu “Bagaimana mengembangkan game virtual reality berbasis android menggunakan Unity sebagai media penunjang pembelajaran bahasa Inggris?” Adapun tujuan dari penelitian yaitu menunjukkan kemampuan Unity 3D sebagai game engine untuk menerapkan teknologi virtual reality pada platform android. Pada akhir hasil pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode black box, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi berjalan sesuai yang diharapkan oleh peneliti, mulai dari splash screen, menu awal, hingga 5 level permainan, beserta dengan elemen lain di dalam permainan. Sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa teknologi virtual reality dapat diimplementasikan menjadi sebuah game edukasi pada platform android dengan menggunakan Unity 3D sebagai game engine-nya.
Sistem Pakar Troubleshooting Jaringan Komputer Menggunakan Algoritma Backward Chaining
Authors: Widianto Firlian
Published: March 2019

Jaringan pada perusahaan dan lembaga merupakan peranan yang penting untuk membatu kinerja unit-unit di dalamnya. Jaringan ini kerap kali digunakan untuk unit-unit perusahaan atau lembaga untuk sharing resources agar setiap unit pada dapat melakukan komunikasi data dengan cepat baik. Pembangunan sistem jaringan yang sudah stabil tidak menjadi jaminan bahwa jaringan tersebut terbebas dari gangguan yang dapat menyebabkan kinerja operasional perusahaan atau lembaga tersebut terganggu. Sistem pakar pada umumnya merupakan sistem yang mengadopsi pengetahuan manusia ke komputer, agar komputer dapat menyelesaikan masalah seperti yang biasa dilakukan oleh para ahli. Aplikasi ini menggunakan backward chaining untuk mendiagnosa gejala-gejala kerusakan pada jaringan LAN (Local Area Network), WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), Sharing yang mengalami gangguan, dengan menggunakan metode backward chaining diharapkan dapat mempermudah mengetahui gangguan yang dialami. Tujuan dari aplikasi agar user mendapatkan pengetahuan mengatasi gangguan apabila terjadi gangguan yang sama terjadi.
Aplikasi Android Untuk Melestarikan Gending Jawa
Authors: Hidayatullah Alfan Sabilillah
Published: March 2019

Masyarakat dewasa ini hampir tidak bisa lepas dari perangkat bergerak (smartphone), baik untuk kebutuhan komunikasi maupun untuk mendapatkan informasi, hampir semuanya bisa didapatkan dari perangkat bergerak (smartphone). Adapun sistem operasi yang sangat popular untuk menjalankan smartphone adalah sistem android. sistem android sangat disukai oleh mayoritas mayarakat, terutama generasi muda pada umumnya, maka dari itu penulis ingin memanfaatkan sistem android yang sedang memiliki popularitas untuk melestarikan salah satu warisan budaya Indonesia dari pulau Jawa yaitu musik tradisional Gending Jawa.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima Raskin Di Kelurahan Pisang Candi Dengan Metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP)
Authors: Susilowati Susi , Isyriyah Laila , Ericka Johan
Published: March 2019

Raskin adalah salah satu program pemerintah untuk membantu masyarakat yang miskin dan rawan pangan, agar mereka mendapatkan beras untuk kebutuhan rumah tangganya. Perangkat Kelurahan Pisang Candi dalam proses operasionalnya telah memiliki fasilitas dan teknologi yang cukup lengkap dan memadai, namun belum sepenuhnya terkomputerisasi dengan baik. Pemberian Raskin kepada masyarakat di Kelurahan Pisang Candi masih menggunakan cara manual dan juga tidak tersedianya akses kontrol data yang terkompeterisasi pada operating system dan database, yakni tidak tersedianya akses informasi untuk melihat atau menentukan masyarakat yang termasuk kedalam daftar penerima Raskin sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk pengolahan data. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP). Metode F-AHP ini sering juga dikenal istilah metode perangkingan yaitu dengan menentukan bobot kriteria dan kriteria alternatif. Lima belas kriteria yang digunakan, yakni pekerjaan, jumlah anggota keluarga, luas tanah, jenis lantai, jenis dinding, fasilitas bab, penerangan, air, bahan bakar, pakaian baru, konsumsi, penghasilan, pengobatan, pendidikan dan tabungan. Aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan peneriaan Raskin ini dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman berbasis web PHP dan MySQL sebagai database. Sistem yang dibangun dapat membantu dalam menentukan calon penerima Raskin dan memberikan kemudahan dalam proses seleksi penerima Raskin. Dengan sistem ini diharapkan mampu memudahkan sistem pendukung keputusan menggunakan F-AHP dalam proses seleksi calon penerima raskin dengan menentukan kriteria dan alternatif sehingga tidak akan terjadi kecurangan untuk penentuannya dan membantu pihak kelurahan agar penerima raskin tepat sasaran, akurat dan efektif.
Factors Influencing Material Weaknesses in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting in Malaysian Property Companies
Authors: Ghani Erlane K. , Zulkifli Mazni , Abdul Rahman Rahayu
Published: March 2019

This study examines the factors influencing material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting among the companies in the property industry in Malaysia. Specifically, this study examines six factors namely firm age, firm size, financial health, financial reporting complexity, rapid growth and corporate governance. Using content analysis on the annual reports of 80 property companies, this study shows that only firm size has a significant influence on the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting. Other factors however, show no significant influence on the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting. The result in this study indicates that small companies tend to have material weaknesses in internal control due to them having limited resources in building effective internal control. These companies generally could not afford to spend on expertise such as internal auditor or consultant to assist in improving and strengthening internal control. The findings of this study shed some lights to the regulators and practitioners on the factors influencing material weaknesses in the internal control over financial reporting. Of consequence, this would reduce information asymmetry between the insiders and outsiders of a company and thus, increasing the quality of financial reporting.
Mjerenja učinkovitosti upravljanja zaštićenim
područjima
Authors: Zmijanović Ljiljana
Published: March 2019

Raskorak između povećanja obuhvata površine pod
zaštitom i negativnih trendova gubitka biološke raznolikosti rezultirao je
ponovljenim nastojanjima da se unaprijedi učinkovitost upravljanja zaštićenim
područjima. Turistička valorizacija zaštićenih područja je uvijek aktualno
pitanje u upravljanju zaštićenim područjima. U fokusu istraživanja su ona
zaštićena područja kod kojih je dozvoljena neka specifična vrsta održivog
turizma. Ocjena učinaka upravljanja na očuvanje zaštićenih područja je otežana
zbog nedostatka podataka kao i procjenitelja učinaka upravljanja na održivost i
očuvanje zaštićenih područja. Cilj je ovoga rada raspraviti ulogu i funkciju
vrednovanja učinkovitosti upravljanja zaštićenim područjima. Svrha je doprinos
razvoju novih paradigmi održivih mehanizama financiranja zaštićenih područja,
jačanje kapaciteta za upravljanje i poboljšanje ukupne učinkovitosti
upravljanja. Rasprava o metodologijama za procjenu učinkovitosti upravljanja
postavlja se kao nužnost u razumijevanju značaja ekonomskih i upravljačkih
mehanizama za razvoj zaštićenih područja. Primjena metodologije brze procjene
učinkovitosti upravljanja zaštićenim područjima treba se promatrati kao
integrirana cjelina dugoročnih analiza i procjena.
Ekonomska misao u antičkom Rimu
Authors: Benić Đuro , Benić Penava Marija
Published: March 2019

Za razliku od antičke Grčke, u antičkom Rimu
nije bila razvijena ekonomska misao. Većina ekonomskih pitanja kojim su se
bavili pisci i mislioci bila su iz područja poljoprivrede. U antičkom Rimu
velika su dostignuća ostvarena na području prava koje je dalo početnu osnovu za
dalji razvoj ekonomske misli i analize. U radu se analiziraju neki izravni
utjecaji Zakonika XII ploča (Leges duodecim tabularum) na gospodarstvo, te se analiziraju doprinosi
osam pisaca i mislioca u razmatranju ekonomskih pitanja: Marka Porcija Katona
Starijeg, Tiberija i Gaja Grakho, Marka Terencija Varona, Lucije Junija
Moderata Kolumele, Tita Lukrecija Kara, Marka Tulija Cicerona i Lucije Aneja
Seneke.
Gljive povezane s truleži plodova pitomog kestena, s prvim nalazom Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Ivić Dario , Novak Adrijana
Published: March 2019

Trulež plodova pitomog kestena uzrokovana parazitskim gljivama može predstavljati značajan problem u plantažnoj proizvodnji te kulture. Tijekom 2018. godine, jaka pojava truleži plodova kestena zabilježena je u mješovitoj plantaži pitomog kestena i oraha u okolici Našica. U nasadu je sakupljeno 78 plodova (sorte Bouche de Betizac, Marsol i Maraval), među kojima su laboratorijskim pregledom u njih 63 utvrđeni simptomi truleži jezgre. Iz svih simptomatičnih plodova izolirane su gljive. Kombiniranom identifikacijom na temelju morfologije i analize sekvenci ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomske DNA, gljive iz simptomatičnih plodova determinirane su kao Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi, Neofusicoccum parvum, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diaporthe eres i Fusarium proliferatum. Vrsta G. smithogilvyi utvrđena je u 47 od 63 ploda (75 %), nakon koje su po zastupljenosti slijedile B. dothidea (11/63 ploda, 17 %), N. parvum (10/63 ploda, 16 %), D. eres (3/63 ploda, 5 %) i Fusarium sp. (1/63 ploda, 1,6 %). U 45 plodova utvrđena je samo jedna vrsta gljive, po dvije vrste nađene su u 11 plodova, a po tri vrste gljive u sedam plodova. Sve gljive utvrđene su na plodovima pitomog kestena u Hrvatskoj po prvi puta. Među njima ističe se prvi nalaz G. smithogilvyi, patogena koji u proteklih nekoliko godina uzrokuje velike štete na plodovima kestena u Europi.
Otpornost različitih kultivara jabuka na crvenog voćnog pauka (Panonychus ulmi Koch)
Authors: Franin Kristijan , Barić Božena , Šikić Zoran , Kos Tomislav , Marcelić Šime , Stipčević Barbara
Published: March 2019

Crveni voćni pauk (Panonychus ulmi Koch) je jedan od najznačajnijih štetnika jabuke. Na razvoj crvenog pauka utječu vremenski uvjeti kao i kemijska sredstva za zaštitu bilja. Ovaj štetnik također preferira pojedine kultivare jabuka. Istraživanje je provedeno metodom zimskog pregleda grana na području Zadarske županije (Hrvatska) tijekom tri godine (2016. – 2018.). U 2016. najveći prosječan broj prezimljujućih jaja je pronađen na sortama Gala (338,33), Cripps Pink (241,33) i Red Elstar (247) dok je na sortama Golden Delicious i Summer Red uočeno znatno manje jaja. Tijekom 2017. najveća brojnost je uočena na sortama Cripps Pink (40) i Golden Delicious (24) ali još uvijek niska u odnosu na prethodnu godinu. U 2018. najveći broj prezimljujućih jaja pronađen je na sorti Granny Smith (20). Broj jaja na sortama Golden Delicious i Summer Red je bio podjednak tijekom 2016., 2017. i 2018. Tijekom istraživanja niti na jednom kultivaru nije uočen kritičan broj prezimljujućih jaja.
Implementing personalized pathways for cancer follow‐up care in the United States: Proceedings from an American Cancer Society–American Society of Clinical Oncology summit
Authors: Alfano Catherine M. , Mayer Deborah K. , Bhatia Smita , Maher Jane , Scott Jessica M. , Nekhlyudov Larissa , Merrill Janette K. , Henderson Tara O.
Published: March 2019

A new approach to cancer follow‐up care is necessary to meet the needs of cancer survivors while dealing with increasing volume and provider shortages, knowledge gaps, and costs to both health care systems and patients. An approach that triages patients to personalized follow‐up care pathways, depending on the type(s) and level(s) of resources needed for patients’ long‐term care, is in use in the United Kingdom and other countries and has been shown to meet patients’ needs, more efficiently use the health care system, and reduce costs. Recognizing that testing and implementing a similar personalized approach to cancer follow‐up care in the United States will require a multipronged strategy, the American Cancer Society and the American Society of Clinical Oncology convened a summit in January 2018 to identify the needed steps to move this work from concept to implementation. The summit identified 4 key strategies going forward: 1) developing a candidate model (or models) of care delivery; 2) building the case for implementation by conducting studies modeling the effects of personalized pathways of follow‐up care on patient outcomes, workforce and health care resources, and utilization and costs; 3) creating consensus‐based guidelines to guide the delivery of personalized care pathways; and 4) identifying and filling research gaps to develop and implement needed care changes. While these national strategies are pursued, oncology and primary care providers can lay the groundwork for implementation by assessing their patients’ risk of recurrence and the chronic and late effects of cancer as well as other health care needs and resources available for care and by considering triaging patients accordingly, referring patients to appropriate specialized survivorship clinics as these are developed, helping to support patients who are capable of self‐managing their health, setting expectations with patients from diagnosis onward for the need for follow‐up in primary care and/or a survivorship clinic, and improving coordination of care between oncology and primary care.
The tactics and methods of rehabilitation of the patients after the ischemic stroke: the clinical case
Authors: Ingula N. l. , Kravchuk N. O. , Bondarenko A. S. , Ponomarenko Y. V.
Published: March 2019

The most severe form of disease is a brain stroke. The incidence of stroke in the Ukraine is about 100-120 thousand. Cases. 40-50% of patients die within the first year after a stroke, and 80% of survivors remain disabled, dependent on others. The main risk factors for stroke are hypertension, especially untreated, blood drops. Stroke threatens to increase both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The sharp decline in blood pressure can also cause stroke, especially in the elderly. Next importance of a risk factor for stroke is atherosclerosis. It is proved that the leading role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia plays, in particular, increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The incidence of atherosclerosis is directly proportional to cholesterol in the blood. This article describes a case of clinical practice - driving patient after acute ischemic attack. The method of examination and the basic tactics of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with this pathology. Background rehabilitation of patients with stroke is increasing year by year, due to the fact that stroke is the second-third place among the main causes of disability in the population.
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and stroke: A new strategy of anticoagulants in 2015
Authors: Svyrydova N. K.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with atrial fibrillation, which today remains the most common disorder of the heart rhythm, which is subject to the development of every four adults. AF 5 times increases the risk of stroke. Therefore, the need for effective and timely anticoagulation therapy, which would not only prevent the risk of acute stroke, but also to provide acceptable security for the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage is evident.
Dental disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis: course in the context comorbidity, the search for common pathophysiological mechanisms
Authors: Chupryna G. N.
Published: March 2019

We determined the prevalence of dental pathology (DP) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), in order to clarify the features of its course in terms of comorbidity, allocation of common pathophysiological mechanisms and finding opportunities for optimization schemes of complex treatment using the methods acupunctural (AP) diagnosis and therapy. The study involved 197 MS patients with different forms of course. We evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients with MS due to comorbidity, determined the level of EDSS, fatigue severity (for FSS and SAC), pain on the VAS scale, barchart conducted assessment of teeth and periodontal, syndromic acupuncture diagnosis (SAD) in accordance with the concepts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), electroacupuncture diagnostics (EPD) using the method of Nakatani.Because we studied 197 patients with various forms of MS, one or more concomitant disease was in 98 (49.7%), there was no co-morbidities in 99 (50.3%). Patients with the most severe disorders of teeth and periodontal occurred polykomorbidity: nephrology disorders combined with the arthritic joints of the lower extremities, lumbar pain syndromes and gastroenterological diseases.
Atherosclerotic vascular lesions in patients with chronic brain ischemia
Authors: Svyrydova N. K. , Kravchuk N. O. , Trinus K. F.
Published: March 2019

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Evidence suggests that the risk of atherosclerosis complications associated not only with local changes within atherosclerotic plaque (such as the state necrotic core or fibrous cap), but also with the state of blood or systemic factors. Circulating levels of cytokines, prothrombotic factors or acute phase reactants may play a role in the occurrence of acute stroke in the presence of affected vessels, even in the absence of stenosis. For example, increased serum biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, cytokines - predict the progression of atherosclerosis and risk of stroke. Stroke, may be caused by atherosclerosis of large arteries supplying the brain, or it may affect smaller branches inside the skull.
Cervical osteochondrosis: diagnosis and treatment (сlinical cases)
Authors: Svyrydova N. K. , Ingula N. I.
Published: March 2019

The term «myalgia» means «muscle pain» that occurs suddenly and is accompanied by the sensation of movement or stress on the muscles. In addition to sharp pain, myalgia evident swelling, occurrence of inflamed areas, a violation of the permeability of the membranes of muscle cells. Contrary to popular belief, the symptoms of myalgia may occur even in perfectly healthy people, and in the presence of the diagnosis myalgia treatment is aimed at addressing the problems that caused pain (inflammation, muscle spasms, circulatory disorders and muscle tissue ischemia, metabolic disorders in the body). The occurrence of acute myalgia and headache associated with many causes of vascular nature, mental strain, liquorodynamic disorders, the presence of trigger zones, and degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the cervical spine. This article describes a clinical case study - of patients with acute myalgia and headache mixed genesis, methods of examination and the basic aspects of the treatment. There is a positive effect of treatment with Flamidez having a broad spectrum of activity in pain syndromes of different genesis.
Opportunities and threats for Ukraine in the context of world globalization processes
Authors: Tkach Mykola
Published: March 2019

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, and with it the collapse of the isolation policy, the countries that were part of it, including Ukraine, automatically became players, or rather "victims" of the open market. Ukraine's industry, which was second in terms of capacity in the USSR, was not competitive and backward compared to countries that developed on a "western type" model: open markets, free competition, the movement of world capital without borders, the introduction of advanced technologies and innovations. Another blow was the deep cooperation of industry with the industry of other union republics, which did not allow to get a closed cycle in production with of high added value, and the former allies in the new conditions of market relations became rivals. This led to a serious recession in the economy and the search for a model of existence that would allow it to evolve.

At the same time, Ukraine has access to the technology market, education, new ways  and  methods, both in business and in the public sphere. Gradually began to reorient the world market and implement international standards, which made it possible to reduce the dependence on the old (traditional) markets, especially Russia after the war began in 2014. Ukraine has adopted and ratified the system of international law, which is one of the tools of world globalization processes. The more Ukraine became closer to the western countries, the greater appeared the tension in relations with Russia, which does not perceive the "Western model" of development and wants to expand its political, economic, military, territorial potential at the expense of post-Soviet countries and become a full-fledged global player in the world, and Ukraine is one of the key countries that will help achieve the goal.

Globalization processes have both a threat and opportunities for countries that are in the zone of globalization influence. We must understand what consequences Ukraine can expect from globalization, and which development concept will be able to ensure Ukraine's territorial integrity, the status of a sovereign and national state, and sustainable economic growth.
PENERAPAN MEDIA KARIKATUR BERBASIS SPARKOL VIDEO SCRIBE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNETIF PADA MATAKULIAH GENETIKA MAHASISWA BIOLOGI KALAS-A ANGKATAN 2014-IBU
Authors: Riyanto Riyanto , Arifin As’ad Syamsul , Ardiyansah Boby
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar kognetif melalui media karikatur berbasis sparkol video scribe pada matakuliah Genetika mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi 2014-A IKIP Budi Utomo Malang (IBU). Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan rancangan berupa pemberian tindakan pada siklus pembelajaran, yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Biologi kelas A angkatan 2014, berjumlah 38 mahasiswa. Proses pengumpulan data penelitian dilaksanakan dengan langkah-langkah, yaitu mengobservasi keaktifan mahasiswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dan pelaksanaan tes formatif pada tiap akhir siklus dilanjutkan dengan analisis hasil tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis persentase, yang mana ranah analisisnya meliputi analisis keaktifan mahasiswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dan analisis hasil belajar kognetif mahasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar berupa tes siklus I termasuk ke dalam kategori ‘Cukup’ karena mampu mencapai 71% dengan rata-rata hasil tes adalah 68, namun persentase tersebut belum mampu mencapai target ketuntasan klasikal minimal 80%, oleh karena itu peneliti melanjutkan tindakan pada siklus II. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas siklus II menunjukkan ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar berupa tes termasuk ke dalam kategori ‘Baik’ karena mampu mencapai 82% dengan rata-rata hasil tes adalah 73,6, dan persentase ketuntasan ini telah melewati standar ketuntasan klasikal minimal 80%. Keaktifan mahasiswa dalam proses belajar mengajar pun meningkat dari siklus ke siklus, yaitu rata-rata persentase mahasiswa yang aktif pada siklus I hanya mencapai 44,21%, sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 58,42%. Sesuai dengan hasil analisis data tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui media karikatur berbasis sparkol video scribe dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognetif mahasiswa Biologi kelas A angkatan 2014 IKIP Budi Utomo Malang.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KRITIS MAHASISWA TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR
Authors: Mukharomah Ervina , Hidayat Saleh
Published: March 2019

This research is descriptive research, as for the purpose of this research to improve students' critical thinking ability to environmental problem by using Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in Environmental Science subject in Biology Education Study Program of UM Palembang. The study was conducted from September to December 2016. The results of this study indicate that PBL learning model is suitable to be applied in the subject of Environmental Knowledge. That students are able to think critically is seen from the way students solve environmental problems properly, meticulously, logically and thoroughly
PENGARUH MODEL GENERATIVE LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ANALISIS SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM SARAF MANUSIA
Authors: Nawawi Sulton , Oviyanti Fitri , Faizah Ulul
Published: March 2019

Analysis is a basic ability for students to think critically and include one of the high cognitive that were important to mastered students. Where the ability of high-level thinking was one of the goals of education in the 21st century. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Generative Learning model on the Ability of Student Analysis on Matter of Human Nervous System in Class XI IPA SMA Muara Lakitan Musi Rawas Regency. This research used Quasi Experiment method of Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population of this research was the students of class XI IPA with sampling technique used nonprobability of purposive sampling. With the sample of research class XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2 which amounted to 69 students. Technique of data collection used multiple choice test amounting to 15 question, observation of model execution, field notes and documentation. Based on analysis result of student's analysis ability showed that mastery of analysis ability indicator in experiment class 67,7% higher than control class that was 55,3%. The improvement of analytical ability can be seen from the N-gain value where the experimental class has a gain value of 0,53 with medium category higher than control class that is 0.19 with low category. The results of hypothesis testing using t test obtained tcount = 3.969 and ttable = 1.670 with 95% confidence level ( = 0.05). The data shows that tcount> ttable, then H0 is rejected and Ha accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the Generative Learning model has an effect on the students' analysis ability in the XI grade of SMA Negeri Muara Lakitan of Musi Rawas Regency.
PENCEGAHAN KEMATIAN MASAL BENIH IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio) AKIBAT BAKTERI (Pseudomonas fluorescent) DENGAN DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica)
Authors: Arifin As’ad Syamsul
Published: March 2019

Pseudomonas fluorescent jenis bakteri bersifat patogen dan dapat menyebabkan serangan sistemik serta mengakibatkan kematian secara masal. Bakteri ini menginfeksi luka dan menyebabkan kematian setelah satu minggu ikan mas terinfeksi. Pengobatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan filtrat daun beluntas, selama ini daun beluntas hanya digunakan sebagai sayuran dan pagar di tepi jalan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian true eksperimen melalui pendekatan The Post Test Only Control Group Design. Variabel dalam penelitian ini antara lain variabel bebas, konsentrasi filtrat daun beluntas yang terdiri dari 0%, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5%. Variabel terikat, tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan mas yang terinfeksi bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescent. Variabel kontrol antara lain suhu, pH netral, DO meter, ppm, volume air, pakan, dan usia ikan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji pendahuluan, yaitu uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas, dilanjutkan dengan uji hipotesis anava satu arah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengobatan tradisional menggunakan daun beluntas yang paling efektif terhadap benih ikan mas yang terinfeksi bakteri Pseudomonas flourescent adalah konsentrasi 3,5%, yang menunjukkan kelangsungan hidup tertinggi.