bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lipid spectrum of cell membranes and blood plasma in adolescents with recurrent cephalgia associated with arterial hypertension. Methods of correction
Authors: Kostyuchenko Yu. , Potupchik T. , Evert L. , Panicheva E. , Dubrovsky Yu. , Loseva N.
Published: April 2024

Purpose. To study the characteristics of the content of neutral lipids and phospholipid fractions in the membranes of erythrocytes and blood plasma of adolescents with cephalalgia and arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods. Subject of the study – adolescents 12–17 years old (boys and girls) with cephalgia and the presence of AH (main group) and without AH (comparison group). Methods: questionnaires, laboratory, statistical. Examination program: verification of the clinical form of cephalgia (episodic, chronic); assessment of the presence of AH (using percentile tables, taking into account age, gender and height percentile); determination of the concentration of neutral lipids and phospholipid fractions in blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes using thin layer chromatography. Results. Of the 64 examined adolescents – patients of the pediatric department with recurrent cephalgia, the frequent (chronic) form of cephalgia was verified in 40 (62.5%) people, AH was diagnosed in 10 (25.0%) adolescents with chronic cephalgia and in 30 (75.0%) adolescents with this form of cephalalgia AH were not identified. Features of the lipid spectrum of adolescents with a chronic form of cephalgia associated with AH included a lower concentration of total lipids and triglycerides in erythrocyte membranes, higher values of the general phospholipids/free cholesterol ratio and a smaller number of statistically significant correlations. Conclusion. The features we identified in the lipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes and blood plasma in adolescents with a frequent (chronic) form of cephalalgia associated with AH may indicate the presence in adolescents of initial minimal changes in the biochemical status of cell membranes at the stages of development of cardiovascular pathology – hypertension and coronary heart disease.
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING MEDICAL CLAYS TO OBTAIN SORPTION DOSAGE FORMS
Authors: Bondarev A.V. , Zhilyakova E.T. , Riffi M. , Novikova N.B.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Currently, medical clays in Russia are represented by the drug "Smectite dioctahedral", which accounts for 25% of all enterosorbents. Compared to 2014, the share of medical clays in the total structure of enterosorbents has increased fourfold. The search for new sources of medicinal mineral raw materials for the production of sorption dosage forms is an urgent task of pharmaceutical technology. The purpose of the work is to analysis of the possibility of using medical clays to obtain sorption dosage forms. Material and methods. Two medical clays were selected as objects of research: sample "X" – clinoptilolite clay of the Kholinsky deposit (Russia, Trans-Baikal Territory), sample "I" – zeolite clay of the Western Aftar deposit (Iran). The determination of the specific surface area and porosity was carried out by low-temperature nitrogen sorption on a TriStar II 3020 analyzer, microscopy was carried out on an electron–ion scanning microscope FEI Quanta 600 FEG. Results. A comparative analysis of technological and adsorption characteristics of clays was carried out. It was found that the clinoptilolite clay of the Kholinsky deposit is symmetrical equiaxed particles in the form of spherical formations, the average particle size is 6.33 microns, the specific surface area is 20.9227 m2/g, the pore volume is 0.058435 cm3/g, the average pore size is 11 nm, has mesopores (17-50 nm) and macropores. A study of the morphological characteristics of the zeolite clay of the Western Aftar deposit (Iran) shows that the clay consists of agglomerates of irregularly shaped particles with an average size of 2.00 microns. According to the obtained adsorption characteristics, clay has a specific surface area of 20.4654 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.065848 cm3/g, an average pore size of 13 nm, has mesopores (18-50 nm) and macropores. Conclusions. The studied clays are mesomacroporous sorbents with a predominance of mesopores. Satisfactory adsorption indicators show the pro-spects of using medical clays to obtain sorption dosage forms.
SELECTION OF METHODOLOGY FOR THIOPHAN M ISOLATION FROM ANIMAL ORGANS
Authors: Ligostaev A.V. , Ivanovskaya Ye.A. , Pashkova L.V. , Zherebtcova E.Y. , Prosenko O.I. , Pitukhin M.P.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. An important preparatory stage of collecting information for the registration of a new drug is the study of its pharmacokinetic parame-ters in accordance with the requirements of good laboratory practice. The preparatory stage of such a study consists in the selection of optimal condi-tions for sample preparation of biological objects to determine the test substance in them. The purpose of this study is to select optimal conditions for sample preparation, including the pH value of the extractant, and isolation of Thio-phane M from the organs of laboratory animals (rats) for its further voltammetric determination according to the previously developed method. Material and methods. The object of the study was the substance Thiophane M [dodecyl(3,5,-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide], which is a promis-ing biologically active compound with antioxidant properties, developed on the basis of the Department of Chemistry of Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University together with the Research Institute of Antioxidant Chemistry. Experimental data were obtained using 5 male rats weighing from 350-380 g, which were injected with an intragastrically tested sample of Thiophane M at a dose of 500 mg/kg in the form of an oil solution in olive oil. Results. The total number of samples obtained and examined is 180. Based on the data obtained with their subsequent statistical processing by the indirect differences method according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition, it was established that the optimal condition for the extraction of Thiophane M is a single extraction with diethyl ether, which is confirmed by the results of voltammetric analysis. We have found that the greatest number Thiophane M localized in the brain, heart and lungs (364.08.20, 332.016.47 and 275.025.40 µcg/g, respectively), fewer Thiophane M detect-ed in kidney, spleen and liver (146.015.50, 81.08.66 56.014.53 µcg/g, respectively). Conclusions. Of all the methods of Thiophan M isolation from rat organs, the method using diethyl ether as an extractant was chosen, which gave stable results due to the maximum extraction of the substance.
EFFECT OF ACTG(4-7)-PRO-GLY-PRO AND ACTG(6-9)-PRO-GLY-PRO ON THE INTENSITY OF REDOX PROCESSES AND BEHAVIOURAL STATUS OF RATS UNDER THYROID HYPERFUNCTION CONDITIONS
Authors: Sergalieva M.U. , Tsibizova A.A. , Murtalieva V.Kh. , Andreeva L.A. , Myasoedov N.F. , Samotrueva M.A.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the work is to study the effect of melanocortins on the intensity of redox processes in the prefrontal region of the brain and the behavioral status of rats against the background of thyroid hyperfunction. Material and methods. In the experiment, the test animals were divided into the following groups (n = 10): intact rats (control); animals treated with sodium salt pentahydrate L-thyroxine (hyperthyroidism); rats receiving ACTH (4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro and individuals receiving ACTH (6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro, re-spectively, intraperitoneally daily for 21 days, starting from day 22 of administration of sodium salt pentahydrate L-thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism was simulated in animals by intragastric administration of L-thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate for 42 days. The intensity of lipoperoxidation processes was studied by the content of diene and triene conjugates in the prefrontal zone tissue, the initial level of TBА-reactive products, and the rates of spon-taneous and ascorbic peroxidation of lipids. The level of protein peroxidation products was determined by the reaction of oxidized amino acid residues of proteins with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazone. Evaluation of the enzymatic unit of the antioxidant system of the prefrontal region was carried out by de-termining the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The behavioral status of laboratory rodents was studied using the «Hole board» test. Results. The use of ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro and ACTH(6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro compounds under experimental hyperthyroidism led to a decrease in the intensity of the processes of peroxidation of lipids, proteins and the restoration of levels of activity of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase and catalase in the tissue of the prefrontal region of the brain of animals, as well as correction behavioral indicators in the «Hole board» test. Conclusion. The obtained experimental data indicate that ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro and ACTH(6-9)-Pro-Gly-Pro show antiperoxy and antioxidant activity against lipoperoxidation parameters and oxidative modification of proteins and enzymatic protection systems in the prefrontal brain zone tissue, as well as exert psychocorregating action on behavioral responses of white rats against the background of thyroid hyperfunction.
On the use of antiseptics in clinical practice
Authors: Isaev Yu.A. , Belyak M.A.
Published: April 2024

To address the spread of pathogenic agents and minimize the risk of infection, it is essential to apply measures for proper antiseptic treatment of the surgical site prior to an invasive medical procedure to effectively reduce the incidence of surgical site infection and associated complications. Knowledge of the concepts and standards for the use of antiseptic and disinfectant agents helps health care providers to effectively prevent the spread of infectious agents and provides a scientific basis for their rational use. Research on the mechanisms of action of antiseptics has not only scientific but also practical importance for nurses and clinicians, which is related to more effective use of these drugs in professional activities and potential development of new promising compounds and their combinations.
PENGARUH DEMOGRAFI DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MUSTAHIK TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Singandaru Adhitya Bagus , Hidayat Ali Akbar , Fadlli Muhammad Dzul , Wafik Ahmad Zaenal
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted in East Lombok Regency using mixed methods. The purpose of this study was to determine how the influence of demographic and socio-cultural factors of productive zakat recipients/mustahik affects the success of poverty alleviation through productive zakat schemes carried out by the National Amil Zakat Agency (Baznas) of East Lombok Regency. The number of respondents studied in this study were 100 respondents. The variables studied consisted of 9 (nine) independent variables covering demographic factors (number of family members, gender, education level, age, occupation, and business location) and socio-cultural factors (social habits in business, work culture in the household, and religiosity) and 1 (one) dependent variable seen from business success. The variable of business success is seen from the achievement of net profit per month from the business run at a minimum of Rp 2,201,832. This figure is derived from the poverty line set by BPS of Rp 550,458/capita/month with a family of 4 people. The results show that of the nine variables, only the age variable has a significant effect on the success of mustahik businesses. Mustahiks aged <45 are estimated to be 0.881 times more likely to succeed than mustahiks aged >46 years. Meanwhile, other variables such as the number of family members, gender, education level, occupation, business location, social habits in business, work culture in the household, and religiosity, have no significant effect on the success of mustahik businesses.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terdahap Kapal Asing Yang Melakukan Illegal, Unreported And Unregulated Fishing Di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia: Studi Kasus Do Thanh Nhan (Kapal Vietnam)
Authors: Rofiana Reine , Mohas Muhyi , Mega Jaya Belardo Prasetya
Published: April 2024

Illegal, Unreported And Unregulated Fishing (IUU Fishing) yang dilakukan oleh kapal asing masih sering terjadi di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia (ZEEI). Salah satunya Dalam perkara perikanan yang dilakukan oleh Do Thanh Nhan, telah terbukti tidak memiliki Surat Izin Penangkapan Ikan (SIPI) serta diketahui telah menggunakan alat penangkapan ikan yang dilarang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana ketentuan dan unsur IUU Fishing dan bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi kapal asing yang melakukan IUU Fishing di ZEEI : Studi Kasus Do Thanh Nhan (Kapal Vietnam). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Ketentuan dan unsur IUU Fishing diatur dalam hukum internasional maupun hukum nasional. Do Thanh Nhan, WNA dari Vietnam yang melakukan IUU Fishing di ZEEI diberikan Pidana Denda atau disebut uang jaminan yang layak (reasonable bound) sebesar Rp. 200.000.000 tanpa dilengkapi dengan pidana penjara maupun pidana kurungan pengganti denda. Hal tersebut sudah sesuai dengan Pasal 73 UNCLOS 1982 dan Pasal 102 Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang No. 45 Tahun 2009 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan yang menyatakan bahwa ketentuan tentang pidana penjara dalam Undang-Undang ini tidak berlaku bagi tindak pidana di bidang perikanan yang terjadi di ZEE Indonesia. Ketentuan tersebut juga diatur dalam SEMA Tahun 2015 tentang Pemberlakuan Rumusan Hasil Rapat Pleno Kamar Mahkamah Agung Tahun 2015 sebagai Pedoman Pelaksanaan Tugas Bagi Pengadilan serta di Putusan Kasasi Nomor 1206 K/ Pid.Sus/ 2015 tanggal 23 Februari 2016.
Kebijakan Hukum Pemberantasan Korupsi Polisi di Indonesia
Authors: Khairani Pancaningrum Rina , Ufran Ufran , Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab dan bentuk korupsi yang dilakukan oleh petugas polisi ketika berperan sebagai penegak hukum di lapangan. Korupsi polisi adalah salah satu bentuk pelanggaran polisi dimana aparat penegak hukum melanggar kontrak politik mereka dan menyalahgunakan kewenangan untuk keuntungan pribadi. Jenis korupsi ini mungkin melibatkan satu atau sekelompok petugas. Korupsi yang dilakukan oleh internal polisi merupakan tantangan terhadap kepercayaan publik, kohesi kebijakan, hak asasi manusia dan pelanggaran hukum yang melibatkan konsekuensi serius. Permasalahan yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini apa penyebab dan bentuk korupsi yang dilakukan oleh petugas polisi di lapangan dan bagaimana strategi kontrol korupsi polisi agar bisa mewujudkan polisi bebas korupsi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Titik fokus penelitian ini adalah pada upaya mengetahui penyebab korupsi polisi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini sangat berbeda dengan penelitian hukum yang bersifat dogmatika yang lebih dekat dengan penelitian yang bersifat positivis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pertama sifat dari kepolisian berarti bahwa potensi korupsi selalu ada - ada banyak aspek yang melekat pada kepolisian yang membuatnya rentan terhadap berbagai bentuk pelanggaran. Kedua, dan untuk memperkuat poin yang telah dibuat sebelumnya, menangani korupsi tidaklah mudah, dengan berbagai faktor yang terlibat harus diimbangi dengan berbagai tindakan pencegahan dan investigasi.
Adenoma detection rate as a quality indicator for colonoscopy.
Authors: Naik Muhammad  , Mansoor-Ul-Haq  , Tauqeer Shaikh  , Atif Ali Hashmi
Published: April 2024

Objective: To determine the quality of colonoscopy in terms of adenoma detection rate in the existing local settings. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: February 2022 to August 2022. Methods: We analyzed patients having age 18 years or older, of any gender, and who had colonoscopy indications and were required to have a screening colonoscopy for diagnostic purposes. The number of procedures with at least one polyp or adenoma was classified as the polyp detection rate (PDR) and adenoma detection rate (ADR). Result: Total 210 patients were enrolled into the study with median age of 41.5 (29.8-56.3) years and majority were males (n=46, 69.5%). The most frequent indication for colonoscopy was constipation (n=72, 34.3%) followed by bleeding (n=78, 37.1%), chronic diarrhea (n=36, 17.1%), both constipation and diarrhea (n=21, 10%) and altered bowel habits (n=3, 1.4%). PDR and ADR were 16.2% (n=34) and 10% (n=21) respectively. Age was significantly higher among patients who were found to have polyp (p<0.001) and adenomas (p<0.001). Frequency of polyps (p=0.010) and adenomas (p=0.007) were significantly higher in male patients. Conclusion: The current research discovered a low rate of adenoma detection in people receiving colorectal cancer screening, and it did not meet the quality benchmarks that have been associated with higher rates of early diagnosis and cancer prevention.
Frequency and risk factors for inadequate preparation on boston bowel scale during colonoscopic examination.
Authors: Mashal Bai  , Shahid Karim  , Rajesh Kumar  , Afsheen Faryal  , Sindhu Rani
Published: April 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation using Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gastroenterology Department, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: September 2022 to June 2023. Methods: The study comprised of patients between 18 to 70 years undergoing colonoscopy. Boston bowel preparation score (BBPS) was used to evaluate the quality of bowel preparation before washing or suctioning. Total score was calculated taking sum of scores in all three segments. Adequate preparation was defined as all 3 BBPS segment scores ≥ 2. Results: In a total of 136 patients, the mean age was 55.8±14.1 years. The mean BBPS score was 5.7±3.5. Based on the criteria of overall adequate rate, inadequate preparation was seen among 44 (32.4%) patients. Lower risk of inadequate preparation was significantly associated with outpatient patients, patients consuming more water and patients with liquid stool consistency whereas odds were significantly higher among patients with age 50 years and above, males, diabetic patients, patients receiving movcal sachet and dulcolex for preparation, patients with lower number of stools (2-4 stools per day) and, patients receiving insulin. Conclusion: The risk of inadequate preparation was higher among older age patients, male gender, diabetic patients, and patients with less number of stools with semi solid consistency.
Frequency of major congenital malformations in neonates born in three tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan.
Authors: Zartasha Sial  , Madiha Fayyaz  , Somayya Siddiqa  , Amna Siddique  , Nazir Ahmed Malik  , Haroon Rashid
Published: April 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of major congenital anomalies in newborns delivered in three different hospitals of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics Hameed Latif Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Ittefaq Hospital Lahore and HITEC-IMS Taxilla. Period: Jan 2023 to November 2023. Methods: 205 neonates who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study from labour room of Hameed Latif Teaching Hospital Lahore, Ittefaq Hospital Lahore and HITEC-IMS Taxilla. Informed consent was obtained from parents. Demographic variables (name of mother, gender, birthweight and gestational age at birth) were recorded. Then neonates were admitted in NICU and evaluated for presence of congenital malformations including cardiovascular system defects, limbs anomalies, genitourinary system, central nervous system and chromosomal anomalies. All data was entered in specially designed performa. Results: We found that overall gestational age was greater than 32 weeks with mean age of 37.190±2.00 weeks. Mean birth weight was 2.938±0.31 Kg. Frequency and %age of patients according to gender was 60% males and 40% females. Major congenital malformation was seen in 2.9% patients. Among infants with major congenital malformations, cardiovascular system defects were seen in 33.3% infants, limb anomalies 16.7%, genitourinary system 16.7% and central nervous system defects were 33.3%. Parents of 67.7% of cases were cousins. It was observed that only 32.3% of the mothers had taken the recommended daily dose of folic acid in antenatal period. Conclusion: Central nervous system and cardiovascular system defects were the most prominent anomalies detected. Prenatal diagnosis may be helpful in decreasing mortality by offering early termination.
The reliability of a short scale PHQ-2 for screening depression among Pakistani medical students.
Authors: Owais Kareem  , Bushra Ijaz  , Musarrat Jahan  , Sana Baber  , Ahmad Khan Abbasi  , Yasir Bashir
Published: April 2024

Objective: To investigate the reliability of a short scale i.e: PHQ-2 in medical students. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive. Setting: Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. Period: 25-10-23 to 25-11-23. Methods: 159 Pakistani medical college students were selected through convenience sampling technique. Participants completed two scales, namely the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (BSSI). The collected data from both scales were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The analysis included assessing the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) scores and its items in comparison with the Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (BSSI). Results: The average PHQ-2 score observed was (2.14 ± 1.69 standard deviation). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was (α = 0.72), indicating a high level of PHQ-2 internal items consistency. PHQ-2 showed a significant correlation with the Beck Suicide Ideation (BSSI) at (r=.48), indicating good construct reliability. Conclusion: The PHQ-2 scale appeared as a reliable scale for screening depression and it can be used for assessing depression and suicidal ideations in academic settings of Pakistan. However, its complementation with PHQ-9 is recommended for clinical use.
A comparative study on intraoperative complication with posterior vitrectorhexis versus forcepsorhexis before implantation of intraocular lens in children.
Authors: Naeem Akhtar Katpar  , Dur-e-yakta Durghahi Shaikh  , Zakaullah Gopang  , Shabeer Ahmed Bhutto  , Safder Ali Abbasi  , Prince Aakash Gul
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare intraoperative complications in manual posterior capsulorhexis (forcepsorhexis) and posterior vitrectorhexis, before implantation of the IOL in patients of paediatric cataract surgery. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Shaheed Mohtarma Banazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana. Period: July 2021 to June 2022. Methods: Our study included patients within the age range of 1-12 years who were diagnosed with congenital cataract and did not exhibit any other abnormalities in the anterior or posterior segments. A comprehensive ophthalmic and systemic examination was conducted, and the patients were categorized into two groups: Group A for Forceps Capsulorhexis and Group B for Posterior Vitrectorhexis. Results: There were a total of 154 cases of paediatric cataracts that underwent surgical procedures known as Posterior capsulorhexis (forcepsorhexis) and posterior vitrectorhexis. Both groups had participants with ages ranging from 1 year to 12 years, with a minimum age of 1 year. The mean age for the Forceps Capsulorhexis group was 6.1+1.8 years, while the mean age for the Posterior Vitrectorhexis group was 6.9+1.3 years. The outcomes during surgery showed that in the Forceps Capsulorhexis group, 60 patients (77.92%) had organization of the capsular bag, while in the Posterior Vitrectorhexis group, 49 patients (63.63%) had organization of the capsular bag. Additionally, 55 patients (71.42%) in the Forceps Capsulorhexis group experienced vitreous thrust into the anterior chamber, compared to 66 patients (85.71%) in the Posterior Vitrectorhexis group. Conclusion: The safety and effectiveness of Forceps capsulorhexis as a treatment for paediatric cataract surpasses that of the posterior vitrectorhexis procedure, as concluded by our study.
TRADISI TAHLILAN UPAYA MENYAMBUNG TALI SILATURAHMI
Authors: Sisma Yani Tumanggor  , Syam Nia Kurniati
Published: April 2024

Seen from various views that tahlilan is a tradition that has been carried out by some people for generations to commemorate the time of someone's death. Many think that tahlilan does not need to be done because it can add to the burden on the family left behind, but on the other hand tahlilan can also be a medium to connect and entertain the family left behind. Therefore, the authors are interested in studying about it. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach which aims to collect detailed actual information that describe the existing symptoms. The results of this study have illustrated that tahlilan has become a tradition and should continue to be preserved as a culture that has Islamic values ​​in order to carry out social worship while increasing dhikr to Allah SWT.
Dilihat dari berbagai pandangan bahwa tahlilan merupakan tradisi yang sudah dijalani oleh sebagian masyarakat secara turun-temurun untuk memperingati waktu kematian seseorang. Banyak yang beranggapan bahwa tahlilan tidak perlu dilakukan karena dapat menambah beban keluarga yang ditinggalkan, namun di sisi lain tahlilan bisa juga sebagai media untuk menyambung tali silaturahmi dan menghibur keluarga yang ditinggalkan. Oleh karena itu, penulis cukup tertarik untuk menganalisis hal tersebut. Metode yang digunakan ialah pendekatan deskriftif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi aktual secara rinci yang menggambarkan gejala yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini telah menggambarkan bahwa tahlilan sudah mentradisi dan hendaknya terus dilestarikan sebagai salah satu budaya yang bernilai Islami dalam rangka melaksanakan ibadah sosial sekaligus meningkatkan dzikir kepada Allah SWT.
Análise EDUCACIONAL DE UM ESTUDO BILINGUE NA ESCOLA INDÍGENA PARAKANÃ DO XINGÚ NA AMAZÔNIA PARAENSE COMO INSTRUMENTO CULTURAL IDENTITÁRIO
Authors: Melo Roselene Feiteiro de
Published: April 2024

: Este artigo apresenta uma breve análise de um estudo bilingue em uma escola
indígena Parakanã do Xingu, situada entre os Municípios de Senador José Por Fírio e São
Félix do Xingu, cerca de três mil km de distância do Polo indígena Altamira no Sudoeste do
Pará.Aborda-se o bilinguismo das falas dos nomes dos rios e de lugares da comunidade
perspectivando a busca do signficado dos nomes na língua de origem tupi e busca uma
intervenção para o resgate da identidade deste povo. Reflete dentre outros aspectos, a
função social da fala no contexto educacional onde estes indígenas encontram-se. A
análise dar-se-á mediante cultura e resgate da identidade destes povos indígenas que
vivem a margem da sociedade. Os resultados do estudo apontam para o fato de que o
bilinguismo é um dos métodos evidentes para o estudo das língus indígenas. Serve como
estratégia metodológica, reflete o lado afetivo da comunidade; seu grau de pertencimento;
autoestima; interação, motivação e um possível entendimento cultural da busca de um
resgate de uma língua que o tempo e as transformações foi seu pior “aliado”. Elementos
essenciais para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem. No entanto esta constatação
representa nesta pesquisa que o bilinguismo da aldeia Parakanã do Xingu de origem
indígena, pelas suas características, se faz presente em outras estratégias de
aprendizagens, podendo, portanto ser trabalhado com mais eficácia pelos profissionais de
educação ou quem sabe entrar nos planejamentos escolares, mais precisamente nas
matrizes de habilidades no campo da obrigatoriedade.
PERCEPÇÃO DE GESTORES, NUTRICIONISTAS E CONSELHEIROS SOBRE A EXECUÇÃO DO PNAE EM UM MUNICÍPIO PARAENSE
Authors: Raposo Viviany Cunha
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o conhecimento dos atores sociais-chave
do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar quanto à compra de alimentos da
agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar, identificando quais os fatores que
interferem positiva e negativamente na execução do Programa. O caminho metodológico
trás um estudo de caso qualitativo com amostragem intencional, sendo aplicados
questionários para treze dos atores sociais-chave para a execução do Programa. Os dados
foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo, seguindo as categorias da análise temática
subdivida nas etapas de préanálise, exploração do material e interpretação dos resultados.
Nos resultados verificou-se que os atores sociais desconhecem que a compra de alimentos
da agricultura familiar à alimentação escolar pode ser realizada via Chamada Pública. A
presença de nutricionista, de transporte e depósito para os alimentos, de agricultores
familiares produzindo no município, apoio do Ministério Público, e alguns atores sociaischave conscientes da sua função foram fatores positivos encontrados para a execução do
Programa. Entretanto, a compra de alimentos da agricultura familiar ainda sendo realizado
por meio de licitação, o desconhecimento sobre os documentos base do Programa,
recurso, formação e transporte insuficientes para os atores sociais, quadro de
nutricionistas abaixo do necessário, evasão de merendeiras, desarticulação entre os atores
sociais, e qualidade dos alimentos foram identificados como dificultadores. E os resultados
sugerem que haja mais formação para os responsáveis pelo Programa e maior articulação
entre eles, a fim de desburocratizar o processo de compra e fomentar a agricultura familiar
estimulando a venda ao Programa.
ASSISTÊNCIA DA ENFERMAGEM: IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRÉ-NATAL FRENTE ÁS GESTANTES PORTADORAS DE SÍFILIS
Authors: Lima Andrea Maria Azevedo
Published: April 2024

Trata-se de um estudo realizado sobre a assistência da enfermagem, ressaltando a
importância do pré-natal frente às gestantes portadoras de sífilis, com objetivo de ratificar a
relevância da assistência da enfermagem no pré-natal para diagnóstico e tratamento desta DST,
evitando a transmissão para o feto e suas consequências para a gestante. Constitui-se em um estudo
de revisão bibliográfica de artigos de revistas técnico-científicas, em manuais do Ministério da Saúde
e publicações na literatura. Os resultados encontrados afirmam que a sífilis apesar do baixo custo
da aplicação do tratamento, representa um problema de saúde pública. E, a qualidade na assistência
da enfermagem no pré-natal são fatores preponderantes para a diminuição da incidência de casos
de sífilis na gestação.
A survey on the consumption of energy drinks and the evaluation of related adverse effects among young people in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwatosin Adeola  , Olorunfemi Raphael Molehin
Published: April 2024

This study investigates energy drink consumption and associated adverse effects among Nigerian youth. With the rising popularity of energy drinks, concerns about potential health risks have emerged. Limited population-based data exists regarding energy drink habits and their consequences in this demographic. A cross-sectional design surveyed 359 participants aged 10-29 in various Nigerian urban centers. Age groups were used to classify the participants, and assessments were made of their energy drink usage habits, knowledge about them, and side effects. Ethical principles were followed, ensuring anonymity and voluntary participation. The study found that 59.6% of participants consumed energy drinks, often during studying (43.5%) or daily use (35.0%). Most consumed fewer than 5 cans per month (74.3%), with 31.8% reporting adverse effects, such as increased heart rate and nervousness. Health conditions were observed among both consumers and non-consumers, but causality was not established. Adverse psychological and physical effects were reported, with a higher prevalence among consumers. This research highlights consumption patterns and the health effects of energy drinks among Nigerian youth. Further research is needed to confirm causality. Informed decision-making regarding energy drink consumption, particularly among young individuals, is crucial. These insights can inform policymaking and health campaigns, promoting responsible consumption and youth well-being.
KAJIAN TEKNIS PEMELIHARAAN LARVA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DI HATCHERY PT. NUSA DHARMA LAUTAN, KECAMATAN KALIPURO KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Halim Atika Marisa , Nasuki Nasuki , Purnama Prestisia Dewanti
Published: April 2024

The shrimp fry produced by hatcheries not according to standard. The problem is due to larval rearing techniques that do not comply with operational standards, Indonesian National Standards and Good Fish Hatchery Methods (CPIB). This causes the production of vaname shrimp larvae to be low, therefore it is necessary to increase the production of vaname shrimp larvae. Hatchery PT. Nusa Dharma Lautan is a vaname shrimp larva hatchery company located in Banyuwangi. Hatchery PT. Nusa Dharma Lautan has facilities that support technical activities for rearing larvae according to standards and has a CPIB certificate. So the aim of this research is to obtain technical data on rearing white shrimp larvae which includes tank preparation, media preparation, stocking of naupli, feed management, water quality management, larval growth monitoring, pest and disease control, harvest and post-harvest. This research was carried out during one shrimp seed rearing cycle at PT Nusa Dharma Lautan from March to June 2023. Research data was taken from three tanks (B10, B11 and B13). Naupli stocking density was 133-166 fish/liter. Naupli used from Hatchery PT. Situbondo Delta. Acclimatization is carried out using a flowtrough system for 45-60 minutes. The feed used is natural phytoplankton type Chaetoceros sp. and Artemia salina zooplankton as well as artificial feed in the form of liquid, powder and flakes (thin plates). The number of naupli stocked in B10 was 2400000 individuals with a density of 160 individuals/L, B11 was 2000000 individuals with a density of 133 individuals/L, B13 was 2500000 individuals with a density of 166 individuals/L. The survival results in each tank are 45% in the B10; 54.5.% in B11; 42.4% in B13. According to the data, the results of the survival rate are quite good because they exceed the SNI standard, at least 30%.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Perlindungan, Pembinaan Dan Pengembangan Bahasa Jawa Banten Di Kota Serang
Authors: Purnama Indra Nizar , Zamzami Puteri Annisa Firdaus , Habibi Fikri
Published: April 2024

Masalah: Akibat adanya arus globalisasi yang terjadi saat ini, mengakibatkan bahasa daerah semakin berkurang dan bahkan beberapa bahasa daerah sudah dinyatakan punah. Salah satu bahasa yang terancam punah adalah bahasa Jawa Banten. Bahasa daerah merupakan bahasa Ibu yang keberadaanya sangat erat dengan eksistensi suku bangsa yang melahirkan dan menggunakan bahasa tersebut, maka dari itu dibutuhkan upaya dalam mempertahankan bahasa daerah, salah satunya dengan kebijakan publik. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan peraturan Walikota Serang Nomor 12 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan, Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Sastra Jawa Banten Metodologi: Metode Penelitian pada artikel ini, menggunakan studi kepustakaan (Library Research) yaitu metode dalam mengumpulkan data dengan cara memahami dan mempelajari teori-teori yang berasal dari berbagai macam literature yang dipublikasikan. Temuan/Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kriteria evaluasi kebijakan menurut William N Dunn hanya tiga kriteria yang sudah tercapai sedangkan tiga kriteria lainnya belum tercapai secara maksimal. Jenis penelitian: Studi Kepustakaan
Criminal Sanctions For Paternal Molestation Against Underage Biological Child: A Juridical Review Of The Verdict Of The District Court Of The Republic Of Indonesia Number (1041 K/Pid.Sus/2020)
Authors: Fadjar Satrio Irvan , Amiludin  , Umara Undang Prasetya
Published: April 2024

Masalah: Kehidupan berkeluarga adalah landasan masyarakat di mana individu-individu bersatu dalam cinta dan tanggung jawab untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang aman bagi perkembangan anak-anak. Dalam konteks ini, peran orang tua sangat penting, karena memiliki dampak besar pada aspek fisik, emosional, dan sosial anak. Dalam pembahasan ini, pentingnya peran orang tua dalam membentuk masa depan anak-anak akan dieksplorasi. Anak-anak memiliki kebutuhan dan perlindungan khusus menurut hukum pidana, dengan batasan usia tertentu yang mendefinisikan status mereka sebagai anak di bawah umur. Kejahatan terhadap anak di bawah umur, seperti pencabulan, merupakan masalah serius karena anak-anak masih rentan dan kurang mampu untuk melindungi diri mereka sendiri.Kasus pencabulan oleh ayah kandung terhadap anak kandung dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Republik Indonesia menghasilkan sanksi pidana berdasarkan undang-undang perlindungan anak. Hukuman ini mencerminkan upaya hukum untuk melindungi hak-hak anak dan memberikan sanksi yang sesuai kepada pelaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan doctrinal yang bersifat normatif, atau penelitian hukum yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum normatif pada dasarnya merupakan suatu kegiatan yang akan meneliti aspek-aspek untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah yang ada di dalam internat dari hukum positif.
Tujuan: Dari uraian tersebut, penulis ingin mengkaji lebih lanjut bagaimana sanksi pidana diterapkan terhadap pelaku pencabulan ayah kandung terhadap anak kandung yang masih di bawah umur berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak. Penelitian juga mengevaluasi apakah penjatuhan sanksi telah memenuhi unsur keadilan.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan doctrinal yang bersifat normatif, atau penelitian hukum yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum normatif pada dasarnya merupakan suatu kegiatan yang akan meneliti aspek-aspek untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah yang ada di dalam internat dari hukum positif.
Kata kunci: Tindak pidana, Pencabulan, Kekerasan seks
Surgical Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease Against the Background of Coagulopathy of Unknown Etiology. Case Report
Authors: Rudenko Mykola L. , Unitska Olha M. , Cherpak Anna Yu.
Published: April 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and one of the leading causes of death in the world. Diet is the first step in the prevention of CHD. Vegetarians have significantly lower risk of death from CHD, but also have changes in the hemostasis system due to a deficiency of blood clotting factors. Cardiosurgical intervention for patients with hemostatic disorders should be performed in specialized centers with the necessary support.

Case description. A 73-year-old patient G. was hospitalized to the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery with angina pectoris, weakness and edema. From the past medical history it is known that the patient has been following a diet with complete exclusion of meat and dairy products for 20 years, rarely eats fish; in addition, he smoked for 20 years at a young age. After coronary angiography, the patient developed bleeding from the oral cavity of unknown origin, which resolved on its own. According to the examination, the patient was found to have a multivessel lesion of the coronary arteries, and cardiosurgical intervention was indicated: coronary bypass surgery. At a case conference with cardiovascular surgeons, anesthesiologist and cardiologist, a decision was made to perform salvage cardiac surgery. The predicted mortality risk was 7.0% by the EuroSCORE II. The early postoperative period was complicated by bleeding with subsequent revision of the pericardium to identify the source of bleeding. Coagulopathy of unknown origin was suspected. Replacement hemostatic therapy was started, which included massive blood transfusions. The pace and level of exudation significantly decreased, the operation was completed. After surgical interventions and hemotransfusions, thromboelastography was performed and plasma hypercoagulation was detected. The patient was discharged for continued cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and outpatient treatment was prescribed.

Conclusions. This case report describes successful treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease by bypass grafting in a vegetarian patient with a coagulation disorder. Studies of the effects of a vegetarian diet on the hemostatic system indicate that vegetarians may have lower concentrations of hemostatic factors and that thrombin time is also prolonged due to the nutritional guidance provided by this diet. In addition, timely detection of a deficiency of blood coagulation factors in the plasma of a patient with such history can facilitate the diagnosis of the hemostasis system.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI BUDIDAYA TANAMAN JERNANG (DAEMONOROP SPP) DI DESA TEUPIN REUSEP KECAMATAN SAWANG KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA
Authors: Fridayanti Nelly , Yusuf Muhamad , Budi Setia , Lukman Lukman
Published: April 2024

Rotan jernang (Daemonorops spp) termasuk salah satu jenis tanaman  dari keluarga Arecaceae yang bernilai jual tinggi karena pada kulit buah muda menempel atau terdapat gatah yang mengandung resin. Tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah sebagai transfer ilmu pengetahuan dan inovasi hasil penelitian yang telah didapatkan dari hasil-hasil penelitian khususnya dalam Teknik budidaya tanaman jernang mulai dari penyediaan benih/bibit, Teknik budidaya, panen, pengolahan pasca panen hingga pemasaran.  Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan perpaduan antara teori 25% dan praktek langsung di lapangan 75%. Peserta yang iku dalam kegiatan ini adalah anggota kelompok tani pecinta jernang Gampong Teupin Reusep Kecamatan Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Utara sebanyak 20 orang. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terjadi peningkatan pemahaman pengetahuan khususnya dalam teknik budidaya mulai dari perkecambahan dan pembibita, teknik budidaya, tekanik panen dan pasca panen serta pengolahan hasil dan teknik pemasaran berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post-test dengan nilai rata-rata 25% untuk semua variable yang dievaluasi.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN TANDUR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA
Authors: Azizah Harahap Ummy , Marwiyah Nst Masringgit
Published: April 2024

Penelitian yang telah dilakukan berjudul “Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran TANDUR Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA di Kelas IV MIS Bidayatul Hidayah.”Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, 1)  Hasil belajar siswa di kelas kontrol tanpa menggunakan strategi pembelajaran TANDUR (Tumbuhkan, Alami. Namai, Demonstrasikan, Ulangi dan Rayakan) pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IV di MIS Bidayatul Hidayah 2) Hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran TANDUR (Tumbuhkan, Alami. Namai, Demonstrasikan, Ulangi dan Rayakan) pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IV di MIS Bidayatul Hidayah. 3) Pengaruh yang signifikan dengan penggunaan strategi pembelajaran TANDUR (Tumbuhkan, Alami. Namai, Demonstrasikan, Ulangi dan Rayakan) pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IV di MIS Bidayatul Hidayah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi experiment (eksperimen semu). Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV yang terdiri dari 2 kelas  yang  berjumlah 62 siswa. Instrumen tes yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa adalah tes pilihan berganda berupa pre test dan post test sebanyak 10 soal yang telah validasi oleh tim ahli dan siswa. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu t-test. Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa : 1) hasil belajar IPA pada kelas kontrol (IV-C) tanpa menggunakan strategi  diperoleh rata-rata post test 74,19. 2) hasil belajar IPA pada kelas eksperimen (IV-B) dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran TANDUR  diperoleh rata-rata post test 84,84. 3) berdasarkan uji statistik t pada data post test bahwa diperoleh strategi pembelajaran TANDUR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji t diperoleh thitung > ttabel yaitu 3,680 > 2,000 (n=31) dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 atau 5% yang menyatakan terima Ha dan tolak H0. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran TANDUR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV MIS Bidayatul Hidayah Pasar VII Tembung Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan.
Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran, Strategi TANDUR, Hasil Belajar  Siswa
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB KESULITAN MEMBACA PADA ANAK KELAS III SD NEGERI 040514 DESA KINEPPEN KECAMATAN MUNTE KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Br Sitepu Nurkhafijah , Lubis Ramadhan , Siregar Lailatun Nur Kamalia
Published: April 2024

Penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan berjudul “Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kesulitan Membaca Pada Anak Kelas III SD Negeri 040514 Desa Kineppen Kecamatan Munte Kabupaten Karo” yang dilatarbelakangi bahwa terdapat siswa yang masih mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas III SD Negeri 040514 Desa kineppen, wali kelas III SD Negeri 040514 Desa kineppen dan orang tua siswa. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa (1) Secara internal faktor penyebab siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca disebabkan karena kurangnya minat belajar siswa, motovasi belajar, dan kesehatan tubuh, (2) faktor eksternal yang menyebabkan siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan sekolah, lingkungan keluarga dan lingkungan masyarakat. (3) Harus adanya upaya yang diberikan oleh guru yaitu memperhatikan kesulitan-kesulitan yang dimiliki oleh setiap siswa dan membuat metode pembelajaran membaca yang sesuai untuk mengatasi kesulitan membaca siswa.
Kata Kunci: Kesulitan, Membaca, Anak
ANALISIS SELF REGULATED BELAJAR SISWA BERBASIS GENDER MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE BERBASIS ZOOM MEETING
Authors: Sakdah Maya Siti , Fatonah Siti , Ansyah Edi
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK: Penelitian kemandirian belajar dilakukan pada perguruan tinggi Provinsi Lampung yaitu UIN Fatmawati Soekarno Putri, Prodi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat pengaruh perbedaan gender terhadap tingkat kemandirian belajar mahasiswa. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa PAI semester 3, sedangkan sampel yang diambil yaitu sebahagian dari jumlah populasi yaitu sebanyak 30 mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu berupa angket. Angket tersebut diuji normalitas, homogenitas serta uji t. Jika dilihat dari gender hasil kemandirian belajar mahasiswa yaitu pada kategori Sedang dengan persentase 74,41%. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis, peneliti menggunakan uji independent sample t-test diperoleh nilai signifikasi (2 tailed) sebesar 0,446. Maka 0,446 > dari 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh perbedaan gender terhadap tingkat kemandirian belajar mahasiswa.

 Kata Kunci: Kemandirian 
Diversidad de acepciones de argumento: necesidad de la formación de profesores
Authors: Camargo Leonor , Perry Patricia , Molina Óscar , Samper Carmen , Vargas Claudia
Published: April 2024

Presentamos un análisis sobre cómo futuros profesores de secundaria identifican sus propios argumentos al resolver un problema geométrico de conjeturación. Dicho análisis, basado en nuestra propuesta conceptual de argumento, dio lugar a una codificación emergente que reveló diversas acepciones de argumento, diferenciadas por su intención comunicativa: descripción, relato y enunciación (de conjeturas o normas del trabajo matemático). Esto indica que prácticas como reconocer la naturaleza discursiva, expositiva y justificativa de un argumento, identificar sus elementos constitutivos o establecer relaciones funcionales entre ellos requieren una formación especializada incluso en ambientes de aprendizaje matemático que promueven la argumentación.