bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEPPitope: spatial, electrostatic and secondary structure perturbations in the post-fusion Dengue virus envelope protein highlights known epitopes and conserved residues in the Zika virus
Authors: Chakraborty Sandeep
Published: June 2016

The dramatic transformation of the Zika virus (ZIKV) from a relatively unknown virus to a pathogen generating global-wide panic has exposed the dearth of detailed knowledge about this virus. Decades of research in the related Dengue virus (DENV), finally culminating in a vaccine registered for use in endemic regions (CYD-TDV), provides key insights in developing strategies for tackling ZIKV. The previously established MEPP methodology compares two conformations of the same protein and identifies residues with significant spatial and electrostatic perturbations. In the current work, MEPP analyzed the pre-and post-fusion DENV type 2 envelope (E) protein, and identified several known epitopes (His317, Tyr299, Glu26, Arg188, etc.) (MEPPitope). These residues are overwhelmingly conserved in ZIKV and all DENV serotypes. Characterization of α-helices in E-proteins show that α1 is not conserved in the sequence space of ZIKV and DENV. Furthermore, perturbation of α1 in the post-fusion DENV structure includes a known epitope Asp215, a residue absent in the pre-fusion α1. A cationic β-sheet in the GAG-binding domain that is stereochemically equivalent in ZIKV and all DENV serotypes is also highlighted due to a residue pair (Arg286-Arg288) that has a significant electrostatic polarity reversal upon fusion. Finally, two highly conserved residues (Thr32 and Thr40), with little emphasis in existing literature, are found to have significant electrostatic perturbation. Thus, a combination of different computational methods enable the rapid and rational detection of critical residues that can be made the target of small drugs, or as epitopes in the search for an elusive therapy or vaccine that neutralizes multiple members of theFlaviviridaefamily.
Sign o’ the times
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: June 2016

Julie Bissett looks at why your role in practice is important in a health care system caring for a population that's living longer
‘Dental handmaidens’ no more
Authors: Ellwood Fiona , Bissett Julie
Published: June 2016

With the role of the dental nurse on the cusp of something exciting, Fiona Ellwood extols the virtues of self-belief and ambition and reveals why the new British Dental Nurse Society is perfectly placed to wave in this new chapter. She talks to Julie Bissett
The dental nurse's role in implant care
Authors: Steadward Alison
Published: June 2016

Alison Steadward considers the importance of a dental nurse's role in the 21st-century world of dentistry
Skills don't happen overnight
Authors: Fowler John
Published: June 2016

Continuing the series exploring how best to develop key leadership qualities, with John Fowler
Raising the glass ceiling
Authors: Dawson Trudie
Published: June 2016

An overview of the opportunities available for dental nurses to increase their professional knowledge and lead to an exciting and rewarding career
Communication – top of the list?
Authors: Wake Charlotte
Published: June 2016

Amid a busy professional day, it's important to hang on to an all-essential basic skill, says Charlotte Wake
Prescribing treatments for the management of rosacea
Authors: Croney Stacey
Published: June 2016

Rosacea is a common skin condition affecting predominantly young to midle-aged adults. stacey Croney focuses on the features of rosacea and the treatments that are available to help improve the condition

Rosacea, a chronic and inflammatory skin condition, is very common and can be distressing for patients. Rosacea may seem inconsequential to those without the condition, but it has physical effects and can affect self-esteem. this article ensures prescribers understand the different types of rosacea, the symptoms, and the available medicines—existing and new.
Complex elbow instability: surgical management of elbow fracture dislocations
Authors: Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquín , Morrey Mark
Published: June 2016

There are three main patterns of complex elbow instability: posterolateral (terrible triad), varus posteromedial (anteromedial coronoid fracture with lateral collateral ligament complex disruption), and trans-olecranon fracture dislocations. Radial head fractures, in the setting of complex elbow instability, often require internal fixation or arthroplasty; the outcome of radial head replacement is dictated by adequate selection of the head diameter, correct restoration of radial length, and proper alignment and tracking. Small coronoid fractures can be ignored. Larger coronoid fractures, especially those involving the anteromedial facet, require fixation or graft reconstruction, particularly in the presence of incongruity. The lateral collateral ligament complex should be repaired whenever disrupted. Medial collateral ligament disruptions seem to heal reliably without surgical repair provided all other involved structures are addressed. The most common mistakes in the management of trans-olecranon fracture dislocations are suboptimal fixation, lack of fixation of coronoid fragments, and lack of restoration of the natural dorsal angulation of the ulna.

Cite this article: Sanchez-Sotelo J, Morrey M. Complex elbow instability. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:183-190.
Physicochemical Properties of Rice Powder and Puffed Rice Powder Ice Cream with α-Amylase
Authors: Oh Bora , Yi Young Hyoun
Published: June 2016

The viscosity, overrun, melting-down, moisture, crude fat, total sugar, and color of rice powder and puffed rice powder ice cream, following the addition of α-amylase, were investigated. For identical grain types, the gelatinization degree increased with puffing, and within the same treatment, the short grain was higher than the long grain. Viscosity dropped with increasing α-amylase at the same concentration and grain type, excluding 0.0%, the rice powder was higher than the puffed one, and for the same concentration and treatment, the short grain was higher. The overrun was highest at 0.2%, and for the same concentration and treatment, the short grain exhibited higher overrun. Higher melting-down was observed in puffed and lower viscosity ice cream mix. No significant difference was found in moisture with enzyme concentration. Regardless of puffing, the short tended to have a higher moisture. No difference was noticed in crude fat by concentration, grain type, or puffing. The total sugar was higher with increasing α-amylase; at the same concentration, puffed tended to be higher. The hunter “L” and “b” increased with α-amylase, while the “a” value dropped. At the same concentration and grain type, the “b” values decreased with puffing (p<0.05).
Studies on Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract from Rubus crataegifolius Leaf
Authors: Kim Dae-Yong , Cho Seok-Cheol
Published: June 2016

A lot of research about applications of natural extracts to both food and medicine is in progress. In this paper, we tested the applicability of Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract in functional materials including its anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the effects of Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract on the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokines and mediators in RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The protein expression of COX-2, iNOS, IL- 4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK, JNK, p38) and the activation of NF-κB with Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract were assayed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Pre-treatment with Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract significantly inhibited the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent item and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract significantly reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKs. The NF-κB was strongly suppressed by extracts. Moreover, the pathological phenotypes of contact dermatitis such as erythema, edema, and scabs were significantly decreased in Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract-treated mice. These results indicated that Rubus crataegifolius leaf extract have an antiinflammatory effect, and that this might be used as a supplement for the functional materials.
Changes of Qualities in Dry-aged Beef Products Made from 3rd Quality Grade Hanwoo Beef (Korean Native Cattle) According to Aging Periods
Authors: Park Hye-Jung , Kim Tae-Hyun , Um Kyoung Hwa , Kim Jeong Soon , Kim Bong Soo , Song Sang Hoon
Published: June 2016

In this study, the texture, nucleotide-related compounds, and sensory characteristics of dry-aged beef, made from third quality grade Hanwoo beef (Korean native cattle), were investigated according to aging periods. Loin cuts obtained from three different Hanwoos were dry-aged under the specific conditions (controlled temperatures, humidity, and air flow) during 0-7 weeks. With increasing aging periods, textures were significantly decreased after 5 weeks (hardness: from 13,264±2,033 to 7,112±1,743 g; chewiness: from 4,107±1,467 to 2,334±780) and four sensory characteristics were significantly increased after 3 weeks (texture: from 2.2±1.0 to 6.2±1.1; flavor: from 3.9±0.7 to 6.2±1.5; whole preference: from 2.5±0.8 to 6.3±1.3; purchase intention: from 3.7±1.4 to 6.0±1.5) except for color (p<0.05). On the other hand, the concentrations of IMP which is related to the umami flavor of beef were significantly decreased with increasing aging periods (from 40.44±5.97 at 0-week to 7.44±2.43 μg/ mg at 7-week) (p<0.05). These results obtained in this study could provide an useful data base for the quality control of dry-aging.
Teaching College Students With Intellectual Disability: What Faculty Members Say About the Experience
Authors: Jones Melissa M. , Harrison Beth , Harp Bev , Sheppard-Jones Kathy
Published: June 2016

The landscape of diversity on higher education campuses has expanded as students with intellectual disability (ID) gain access to higher education through a variety of programs throughout the United States. The benefits and drawbacks of including students with ID in the college classroom and culture are becoming apparent, but more remains to be discovered as we look deeply in to the lived experience of postsecondary inclusion. The aim of this study was to investigate university faculty member perceptions about and experiences with the inclusion of students with ID in college classrooms. To accomplish this, the investigators examined the perceptions of faculty members at a regional 4-year university who had experience in postsecondary inclusion. We used an online survey to mine the benefits and challenges to faculty members and students enrolled in their courses, both with and without ID. Faculty perceptions are shared as well as implications for societal change.
Badland beach: The Australian beach as a site of cultural remembering
Authors: Ellison Elizabeth
Published: June 2016

The image of the Australian beach as a place of beautiful waves and sand is popular on postcards and seen frequently in tourism campaigns around the world. And yet, the beach is a surprisingly complex spatial location. Despite its beauty, the beach can have a disturbing underbelly of crime and danger. The ongoing tension between its role as a cultural icon of myth as well as an ordinary, lived location makes it a layered landscape. This article uses the framework of Ross Gibson’s ‘badland’ as a way of interrogating cultural memory in a lived, familiar space. By examining a combination of popular and literary texts such as fiction by Robert Drewe and the reality television show Bondi Rescue (2006–), as well as real life events, this article examines how the Australian beach can be a site of complex memory, and how this memory bleeds through and problematizes contemporary understandings and representations of the space.
Self-Rule in the Balance
Authors: Sandronsky Seth
Published: June 2016

Paul Street, They Rule: The 1% vs. Democracy (London: Routledge, 2014), 252 pages, $30.95, paperback.In They Rule, Paul Street offers a thorough deconstruction of the status quo of U.S. capitalism. The book's subtitle gives a nod to the Occupy Wall Street movement, whose main victory was to popularize the concept of U.S. class conflict, as embodied in the "1 percent." The title also recalls John Carpenter's 1987 film They Live, a sci-fi spoof of the Reagan era that prefigured the Occupy revolt. Carpenter's characters don "magic sunglasses" for intellectual defense against media misinformation.… One current form of that misinformation is the view that the Democratic Party exercises "left" politics. Street smashes this notion.… [However,] this is no academic query.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Evaluation of the elderlies’s attitudes towards young people
 Yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kıpçak Seda , Dedeli Özden
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to assess the elderlies who stay in nursing home’ attitudes towards young people. This study which is descriptive and cross sectional was conducted with 134 elderlies living in three nursing homes in Manisa (n=134). The data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and Attitude Scale Towards Young People (ASTYP). Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U and  Spearman’ s rho correlation analysis were  used  in  statistical analysis. The mean age of elderlies were 74.0±6.7 (66-95) years,  69.4% were male. The elderlies’ mean scores of ASTYP were found 167.7 ± 12.7 (118.0-211.0).  The results of this study show that the elderlies, staying in nursing homes, have a negative attitudes towards young people. But; the elderlies, having more children and grandchildren than another and divorced or widowed, have more positive attitudes towards young people. ÖzetBu çalışmada amaç, huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Manisa ili sınırları içerisinde üç huzurevinde yaşayan 134 yaşlı birey ile yürütüldü (n=134). Araştırmada veriler, araştırmacı tarafından sosyodemografik bilgiler soru formu ve Gençlere Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (GYTÖ)’i kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U ve Spearman’s rho korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan yaşlı bireylerin yaş ortalaması 74.0±6.7 yıl (66-95) olup büyük çoğunluğu (%69.4) erkekti. Yaşlı bireylerin GYTÖ’ den almış oldukları toplam puan ortalaması 167.7±12.7 (118.0-211.0)’ dir. Araştırma sonucunda, huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik olumsuz tutumlara sahip olduğu bulundu. Yaşlı bireylerin genel tutumları olumsuz olmasına rağmen çocuk ve torun sayısı fazla olan ve eşi ölmüş ya da boşanmış olan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumları olumlu yöndeydi.
An effıcıent approach to care cost effectıveness ın patıents dıagnosed wıth stable COPD: Patıent coachıng
 Stabil KOAH tanılı hastalarda bakım maliyet etkinliği üzerine etkili bir yaklaşım: Hasta koçluğu
Authors: Tülüce Derya , Kutlutürkan Sevinç
Published: June 2016

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a disease characterized by chronic asthma, bronchitis, and interstitial pulmonary diseases. The most frequent and ever-exacerbating symptoms of the disease involve dyspnea, cough, sputum, loss of appetite, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. As the incidence, severity and distress of symptoms accelarate; treatment and care needs of patients also increase. Increasing treatment and care needs in the process of disease and adherence to treatment have a negative effect on the care cost. Patient coaching is an approach that will make an important contribution to the increase of adherence to treatment and disease and the decrease of care cost by developing the symptom management and self-care skills of patients.  ÖzetKronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH); kronik astım, bronşit ve interstisyel akciğer hastalıkları ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Hastalıkta en sık karşılaşılan ve şiddeti giderek artan semptomlar, dispne, öksürük, balgam, iştahsızlık, yorgunluk, anksiyete ve depresyondur. Semptomların görülme oranı, şiddeti ve bireyde yarattığı stres düzeyi arttıkça hastaların tedavi ve bakım gereksinimlerinde de artış görülmektedir. Hastalık ve tedaviye uyum sürecinde artan tedavi ve bakım gereksinimleri bakım maliyetini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hasta koçluğu, hastaların semptom yönetimi ve öz bakım becerilerini geliştirerek hastalığa ve tedaviye uyumunun artmasında ve bakım maliyetinin düşmesinde önemli katkı sağlayacak olan bir yaklaşımdır.
ESTIMATION OF MOST PROBABLE PRODUCING ABILITY VALUE FOR CALF BIRTH'S PERFORMANCE IN SUMBA ONGOLE COWS
Authors: Said S. , Agung P. P. , Putra W. P. B. , Anwar S. , Wulandari A. S. , Sudiro A.
Published: June 2016

An estimation of most probable producing ability (MPPA) value based on the calves performance is very important for the cow selection. The birth data record of 48 Sumba Ongole (SO) cows and record data from 52 callf birth’s performance were used to estimate the value of MPPA. High of r value (r > 0.30) was obtained at the body length (BL). Birth weight (BW), withers high (WH) and chest girth (CG) had a moderate value (0.10 < r < 0.30) of repeatability. The MPPA value of the cumulative calf birth’s performance of cows based on the highest birth records was 4.64 (cow number 3770) and the lowest was -4.64 (cow number 2283). Calf number B2076 (cow number 3586) had the highest ratio of WH (115.70); BL (124.26); CG (118.90), while the highest ratio of BW (168.35) was obtained in calf number B2095 (cow number 3731). It was concluded that the BW of birth had a moderate value of r (0.10) and could be used as a selection criteria accurately.
Podzielony uniwersytet. Od deinstytucjonalizacji do reinstytucjonalizacji misji badawczej polskich uczelni
Authors: Kwiek Marek
Published: June 2016

W niniejszym artykule pokazujemy, że czołowe polskie uniwersytety publiczne po 1989 r. stały się organizacjami wewnętrznie podzielonymi: pojawiły się różne trajektorie instytucjonalne i indywidualne w obszarach, w których nastąpiła ekspansja edukacyjna (nauki społeczne), oraz tych, w których miała ona ograniczony wymiar (nauki ścisłe). Wykorzystując pojęcia zaczerpnięte z nowego instytucjonalizmu w badaniach organizacji, postrzegamy lata 90. XX wieku jako okres deinstytucjonalizacji tradycyjnych zasad i norm akademickich na uczelniach publicznych, cechujący się rosnącą niepewnością co do istoty tożsamości akademickiej. W epoce ekspansji (1990-2005) prestiżowe publiczne uniwersytety badawcze stały się nadmiernie ukierunkowane na kształcenie. W okresie implozji edukacyjnej oczekuje się z kolei, że staną się silnie zorientowane na badania. Reformy z lat 2009-2011, zakorzenione w instrumentalnym postrzeganiu szkolnictwa wyższego, odczytywane są tu jako powrót do tradycyjnego akademickiego konsensusu normatywnego, cechującego się zwiększonym naciskiem na misję badawczą. Reformy dokonują rewaloryzacji misji badawczej na najbardziej prestiżowych uczelniach publicznych i otwierają możliwość zakończenia procesów deinstytucjonalizacji zaangażowania badawczego polskich uczelni. Zmiany związane z reformami interpretowane są jako przechodzenie z jednego porządku normatywno-instytucjonalnego do porządku nowego. Analiza danych empirycznych pokazuje, że w dyscyplinarnie podzielonej akademii przejście do nowego porządku może okazać się dużo trudniejsze dla wspólnoty akademickiej w „miękkich” dziedzinach niż w dziedzinach „twardych”.
Teza o hybrydyzacji tego, co publiczne i tego, co prywatne w szkolnictwie wyższym oraz jej konsekwencje. Próba krytyki
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian
Published: June 2016

W niniejszym tekście, złożonym z trzech osobnych części, wskazuje się na problematyczność wysuwanej przez badaczy szkolnictwa wyższego tezy o hybrydyzacji tego, co publiczne i tego, co prywatne w kontekście współczesnych przemian sektora. W pierwszej z części pochodząca ze słownika liberalnej teorii polityki i klasycznej ekonomii politycznej para pojęciowa tego, co publiczne i tego, co prywatne została przedstawiona i sproblematyzowana w odniesieniu do rzeczywistości szkolnictwa wyższego. W drugiej, najrozleglejszej, zgodnie z metodą analizy glonakalnej zarysowanej przez Marginsona i Rhoadesa (2002), przedstawiono globalne, krajowe i lokalne procesy przyczyniające się według głównonurtowych badaczy szkolnictwa wyższego do hybrydyzacji porządków tego, co prywatne i tego, co publiczne we współczesnych systemach szkolnictwa wyższego. Część ostatnia, stanowiąca podsumowanie artykułu i zbierająca wnioski z analizy, odnosi się krytycznie do wysuwanej przez badaczy szkolnictwa wyższego tezy o hybrydyzacji i wskazuje na jej analityczne i praktyczne ograniczenia.
Społeczna wiedza i legitymizacja a przemiany polskiego uniwersytetu
Authors: Stankiewicz Łukasz
Published: June 2016

W przeciągu ostatniej dekady polski system szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki został poddany serii reform radykalnie zmieniających jego stosunki z państwem. Jednocześnie znaczącej transformacji uległ jego wizerunek w strefie publicznej. W przebiegu debaty nad pożądanym kierunkiem reform, akademia – jej pracownicy, praktyki i formy instytucjonalne – zostały poddane silnej krytyce.   Celem tego artykułu jest opis mechanizmów zmian, jakie dokonały się w zakresie publicznej wiedzy i legitymizacji systemu szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki w potransformacyjnej Polsce. Analiza opiera się na badaniu materiałów prasowych pochodzących z „Gazety Wyborczej” i jej wydań lokalnych z lat 1989-2014. Efekty debaty publicznej obejmującej lata 2008-2014 są interpretowane, jako kryzys legitymizacji polskiego uniwersytetu, wymuszający przejście z tradycyjnego dla akademii trybu legitymizacji opartego na społecznym autorytecie, do racjonalnych form legitymizacji, opartych na precyzyjnej definicji produktów i silnie zapośredniczonej przez aparat państwowy.
Podstawowe sprzeczności podporządkowanego kapitałowi szkolnictwa wyższego. W stronę systematyzacji
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian
Published: June 2016

W niniejszym artykule badamy szczegółowo cztery główne sprzeczności współczesnego szkolnictwa wyższe podporządkowanego kapitałowi. Robimy to oparciu o zarówno wcześniejsze wyniki badań, jak i przy wykorzystaniu marksistowskich i autonomistycznych ram teoretycznych rozwiniętych przez autorów takich, jak Michael Hardt, Antonio Negri czy Gigi Roggero i stosowanych niedawno w krytycznych badaniach nad szkolnictwem wyższym. Sprzeczności zostały podzielone na dwie główne kategorie: sprzeczności pozorne (to, co publiczne i to, co prywatne; oligarchia akademicka i kapitał) oraz sprzeczności realne (poddana rozkładowi forma tego, co wspólne i dobro wspólne; dobro wspólne i kapitał). Zostały one omówione w odpowiednio w odniesieniu do współczesnej rzeczywistości szkolnictwa wyższego. W ostatniej części artykułu zwięźle omawiamy istniejące warunki wstępne dla ustanowienia post-kapitalistycznego uniwersytetu regulowanego według logiki dobra wspólnego.
Międzypokoleniowa ruchliwość społeczna. Szkolnictwo wyższe a drabina edukacyjna i zawodowa w Polsce
Authors: Kwiek Marek
Published: June 2016

W tekście analizujemy ekspansję edukacyjną z jednej strony i redukcję nierówności w dostępie do szkolnictwa wyższego z drugiej. Na podstawie rozległego materiału empirycznego (Badanie EU-SILC: European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions) pokazujemy, że międzypokoleniowe wzorce przekazywania wykształcenia i (grup) zawodów są nadal niezwykle silne we wszystkich badanych systemach europejskich, w tym w Polsce. Edukacja wyższa w gospodarkach opartych na wiedzy jest głównym kanałem międzypokoleniowego awansu społecznego. Międzypokoleniowa ruchliwość społeczna odzwierciedla poziom równości szans: młodsze pokolenia w większym stopniu „dziedziczą” wykształcenie i „dziedziczą” zawody po swoich rodzicach w mniej ruchliwych społeczeństwach, a w mniejszym stopniu – w społeczeństwach bardziej ruchliwych. Pokazujemy, że wyższe wykształcenie i najlepiej finansowo wynagradzane zawody są w Polsce „dziedziczone” częściej niż w większości krajów europejskich, z wyjątkiem krajów postkomunistycznych. Podczas gdy okres ekspansji edukacyjnej istotnie zwiększył sprawiedliwy dostęp do szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce, awans społeczny widziany z perspektywy długofalowej zmiany między pokoleniami jest wciąż ograniczony. Dla młodych osób pochodzących z biedniejszych i gorzej wykształconych warstw społecznych szanse na uzyskanie wyższego wykształcenia oraz na pracę w zawodach dla wysoko wykwalifikowanych „białych kołnierzyków” są bardzo niskie. Dzieje się tak we wszystkich systemach europejskich, a szczególnie w systemach środkowoeuropejskich. W Polsce odsetek osób mających wyższe wykształcenie, których rodzice posiadali podstawowe wykształcenie, wynosi jedynie 6%.
The influence of cooling techniques on cutting forces and surface roughness during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys
Authors: Wstawska Iwona , Ślimak Krzysztof
Published: June 2016

Titanium alloys are one of the materials extensively used in the aerospace industry due to its excellent properties of high specific strength and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, they also present problems wherein titanium alloys are extremely difficult materials to machine. In addition, the cost associated with titanium machining is also high due to lower cutting velocities and shorter tool life. The main objective of this work is a comparison of different cooling techniques during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys. The analysis revealed that applied cooling technique has a significant influence on cutting force and surface roughness (Ra parameter) values. Furthermore, in all cases observed a positive influence of cryogenic machining on selected aspects after turning and milling of titanium alloys. This work can be also the starting point to the further research, related to the analysis of cutting forces and surface roughness during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys.
Arbeitszeit und Arbeitsorganisation
Authors: Bosch Gerhard
Published: June 2016

Im diesem Beitrag wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitszeit und Arbeitsorganisation thematisiert. Es wurde erstens gezeigt, dass die Veränderungsdynamik bei der Arbeitszeit heute gleichzeitig aus den Produkt- und den Arbeitsmärkten kommt. Während die Beschleunigung der Wirtschaft auf eine Aufhebung aller zeitlichen Begrenzungen beim Arbeitseinsatz zielt, wollen die Arbeitskräfte verschiedene Lebensbereiche in Einklang bringen, sind also nur mit Restriktionen, einsetzbar. Zweitens wurde erkennbar, dass nur ein Teil der Unternehmen dezentrale post-tayloristische Formen der Arbeitsorganisation einführt. Auf der anderen Seite kann man aber eine Wiederbelebung des Taylorismus beobachten, der allerdings nicht mehr wie in der Vergangenheit auf Standardarbeitszeiten basiert, sondern auf der Koordination von Beschäftigtengruppen mit unterschiedlichen Arbeitszeiten. Drittens wurde nachgewiesen, dass man angesichts dieser Ausdifferenzierung der Formen der Arbeitsorganisation für eine Politik der Arbeitsumverteilung unterschiedliche Strategien entwickeln muss. In post-tayloristischen Formen der Arbeitsorganisation mit seiner hohen Selbstorganisation breiten sich überlange Arbeitszeiten aus. In den tayloristischen Arbeitsorganisation mit kurzen Arbeitszeiten geht es vor allem um die Bereitschaft der Beschäftigten zu kurzfristigen Arbeitszeitvariationen.
Dezentralisierung in der deutschen Investitionsgüterindustrie
Authors: Latniak Erich , Kinkel Steffen , Lay Gunter
Published: June 2016

Der vorliegende Beitrag geht auf der Grundlage einer repräsentativen Erhebung der Frage nach, wie breit und kohärent Dezentralisierungsmaßnahmen in der deutschen Investitionsgüterindustrie umgesetzt wurden. Dabei wird zwischen operativer und strategischer Dezentralisierung unterschieden. Es zeigt sich, dass das Ausmaß der Diffusion in hohem Maße davon bestimmt wird, was sich hinter modischen Etiketten wie Gruppenarbeit, Hierarchieabbau, Aufgabenintegration oder Segmentierung verbirgt. Gleichzeitig wird deutlich, dass umfassende und kohärente Dezentralisierung in der Industrie bislang eher die Ausnahme ist. Einseitig die strategischen Dezentralisierungsansätze betonende Dezentralisierungsmuster sind dagegen weiter verbreitet. Abschließend wird gezeigt, dass die Dezentralisierung sowohl Auswirkungen auf die betriebliche Leistungsfähigkeit wie auch auf die Personalseite hat.
Telemanagement: Notwendigkeit für ein komplexes Verhaltensrepertoire
Authors: Grote Gudela , Manchen Spörri Sylvia , Springall Lille
Published: June 2016

Anforderungen an die Führung virtueller Teams und die Effekte von Führungs- und Kommunikationsverhalten auf Teamleistung und soziale Prozesse im Team wurden in mündlichen und schriftlichen Befragungen von 29 Führungskräften sowie schriftlicher Befragung ihrer verteilt arbeitenden Teams (N=134) erfasst. Es zeigte sich, dass sowohl moderne Führungskonzepte wie Empowering Leadership als auch traditionelle Ansätze wie die direktive Führung in den mentalen Modellen der Führungskräfte nebeneinander existieren und selten als widersprüchlich erkannt werden. Anliegen vieler Führungskräfte ist es, situationsangemessen auf verschiedene Führungsstile zurückgreifen zu können. Vor allem in stark verteilten Teams scheint dies eine erfölgversprechende Strategie zu sein. Differenzen in der Wahrnehmung sozialer Prozesse zwischen Vorgesetzten und Mitarbeitenden stehen in negativem Zusammenhang zur Leistung, was die Bedeutsamkeit gemeinsamer mentaler Modelle der Team- und Führungssituation aufzeigt. Von den Führungskräften wurde ein breites Spektrum an Medien situations- und aufgabenangemessen eingesetzt. Es fand sich auch ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen dem Virtualitätsgrad der Teams und der Kommunikationsqualität.
Die Beschäftigung Älterer in Europa zwischen Vorruhestand und „Work-Line“
Authors: Bosch Gerhard , Schief Sebastian
Published: June 2016

Die Europäische Union hat sich hinsichtlich der Beschäftigung Älterer ehrgeizige Ziele gesetzt. Im März 2001 legte der Europäische Rat in Stockholm fest, dass bis 2010 mindestens die Hälfte der EUBevölkerung im Alter von 55 bis 64 Jahren in Beschäftigung sein soll. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht mit Daten der Europäischen Arbeitskräftestichprobe 2004 die Partizipation am Arbeitsmarkt älterer Beschäftigter. Gegenwärtig erreichen nur 5 der 15 alten EU Länder bereits eine Beschäftigungsquote der 55 bis 64-Jährigen über 50%. Es wird gezeigt, dass Länder, die der Politik der „Work Line“, also der Aktivierung von Personen im Erwerbsalter, folgen (z.B. Dänemark, Schweden), deutlich höhere Beschäftigungsquoten aufweisen als jene, die eine Vorruhestandspolitik (z.B. Deutschland, Frankreich) betrieben haben. Der Vergleich zwischen Work-Line-Ländern und Vorruhestandsländern verweist auf sechs Problembündel, deren Bewältigung zentral für die Erhöhung der Beschäftigungsquote Älterer ist (Gleichstellungsproblem, Humanisierungsproblem, Qualifikationsproblem, Flexibilitätsproblem, Motivationsproblem, Wachstumsproblem). Eine rein altersspezifische Politik wird diese Konflikte nicht auflösen können.
H∞-Entwurf fraktionaler PID-Regler
Authors: Svaricek Ferdinand , Lachhab Nabil
Published: June 2016

In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zur automatischen Einstellung der Parameter eines fraktionalen PID-Reglers
vorgestellt. Ein fraktionaler PID-Regler enthält dabei I- und ein D-Glieder mit nicht-ganzzahligen Integrationen und
Ableitungen.
Zwei Methoden zum Entwurf ressourcenschonender funkbasierter digitaler Regelungssysteme
Authors: Haupt Andreas , Steffen Thomas
Published: June 2016

In funkbasierten Regelungssystemen, in denen sich mehrere Regelkreise ein Netzwerk teilen, sind nicht nur die klassischen
Reglerperformanzkriterien (Regelgüte, Einschwingverhalten) von Interesse, sondern auch die durch das Netzwerkprotokoll
induzierten Effekte (z. B. Verzögerungen, Paketausfälle, Jitter) und Limitierungen der Soft- und Hardware der
Netzwerkknoten (z. B. Rechenleistung, Speicher, Batterieenergie, Sendeleistung). Diese Parameter sind oft voneinander
abhängig, z. B. verbessert eine erhöhte Frequenz von Netzwerktelegrammen i. d. R. die Regelgüte, erhöht jedoch
Energiebedarf und Kommunikationsbandbreite. Am Lehrstuhl für Automatisierungstechnik wurde im Rahmen von zwei
unabhängigen DFG-Projekten untersucht, wie sich Regelungsverfahren effizient in solchen Netzwerkumgebungen entwerfen und
implementieren lassen.
Durchgängiges modellbasiertes Engineering von Gebäudeautomationssystemen
Authors: Günther Michelle , Diekhake Patrick , Scholz André , Puntel Schmidt Philipp , Becker Uwe , Fay Alexander
Published: June 2016

Ein Gebäudeautomationssystem (GA-System) ist durch eine Vielzahl von automatisierten Funktionen geprägt. Die Planung und Auslegung
eines GA-Systems ist daher ein aufwändiger und fehlerträchtiger Vorgang. Dabei werden Planungsfehler oft erst bei der Inbetriebnahme
des Gebäudes erkannt. Um eine frühzeitige Funktionsanalyse und Fehlererkennung zu gewährleisten, wurde ein Ansatz für eine effiziente
Erstellung eines funktionalen Modells für die GA entwickelt, mit welchem ein GA-System simuliert, ausgelegt und konfiguriert werden
kann.
Diatom diversity and water quality of a suburban stream: a case study of the Rzeszów city in SE Poland
Authors: Noga Teresa , Stanek-Tarkowska Jadwiga , Kloc Urszula , Kochman-Kędziora Natalia , Rybak Mateusz , Peszek Łukasz , Pajączek Anita
Published: June 2016

The aim of this work was to investigate the diversity of diatom assemblages developed in the Przyrwa stream, to assess water quality based on benthic diatoms and to make an attempt at the identification of physicochemical factors having the greatest impact on the differentiation of diatom assemblages. Studies were conducted in 2011-2012 on the Przyrwa stream, a left-side tributary of the Wisłok River flowing through the city of Rzeszów and with its spring section located on the borders of the city. A total of 259 diatom taxa were identified in the Przyrwa stream during three studied seasons. At all investigated sites, the most abundant population consisted of Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Compère, Cocconeis pediculus Ehrenb., Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kütz.) Czarnecki var. minutissimum, Navicula gregaria Donkin, Planothidium frequentissimum (Lange-Bert.) Lange-Bert., P. lanceolatum (Brébisson) Lange-Bert., Navicula lanceolata (C. Agardh) Ehrenb., Amphora pediculus (Kütz.) Grunow, Eolimna minima, (Grunow) Lange-Bert., Melosira varians C. Agardh and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. Based on IPS (Specific Pollution Sensitivity Index) and GDI (Generic Diatom Index) indices, the ecological status of the Przyrwa stream was assessed as moderate to poor (mostly III-IV class of water quality), while the TDI (Trophic Diatom Index) index indicated a poor to bad ecological status (mainly IV-V class of water quality).
Vegetation differentiation and secondary succession on abandoned agricultural large-areas in south-eastern Poland
Authors: Barabasz-Krasny Beata
Published: June 2016

In Poland, the largest stretches of abandoned agricultural areas were formed at the end of the 1980s, along western and eastern borders, among others, in Przemyśl Foothills (Pogórze Przemyskie). Therefore, the research on the diversity of plant communities from abandoned agricultural areas as well as main directions and the rate of succession after the cessation of management was undertaken in the vicinity of twelve municipalities in south-eastern Poland. This research revealed that the dominating direction of changes of the abandoned agricultural area vegetation was vanishing of plant groups with segetal and meadow species and spreading of shrub communities. A general increase in the forestation rate of the researched abandoned agricultural areas from 10-40% of the area in 1970-1971 to about 30-70% in 2003-2004 may be the evidence of the occurrence intensity of those phenomena.
Nanobiocatalysis: Nanostructured materials – a minireview
Authors: de Jesús Rostro-Alanis Magdalena , Mancera-Andrade Elena Ivonne , Patiño Mayra Beatriz Gómez , Arrieta-Baez Daniel , Cardenas Braulio , Martinez-Chapa Sergio O. , Saldívar Roberto Parra
Published: June 2016

The field of nanobiocatalysis has experienced a rapid growth due to recent advances in nanotechnology. However, biocatalytic processes are often limited by the lack of stability of the enzymes and their short lifetime. Therefore, immobilization is key to the successful implementation of industrial processes based on enzymes. Immobilization of enzymes on functionalized nanostructured materials could give higher stability to nanobiocatalysts while maintaining free enzyme activity and easy recyclability under various conditions. This review will discuss recent developments in nanobiocatalysis to improve the stability of the enzyme using various nanostructured materials such as mesoporous materials, nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and individual nanoparticles enzymes. Also, this review summarizes the recent evolution of nanostructured biocatalysts with an emphasis on those formed with polymers. Based on the synthetic procedures used, established methods fall into two important categories: “grafting onto” and “grafting from”. The fundamentals of each method in enhancing enzyme stability and the use of these new nanobiocatalysts as tools for different applications in different areas are discussed.
Semigroup of k-bi-Ideals of a Semiring with Semilattice Additive Reduct
Authors: Bhuniya A. K. , Jana K.
Published: June 2016

We associate a semigroup B(S) to every semiring S with semilattice additive reduct, namely the semigroup of all k-bi-ideals of S; and such semirings S have been characterized by this associated semigroup B(S). A semiring S is k-regular if and only if B(S) is a regular semigroup. For the left k-Clifford semirings S, B(S) is a left normal band; and consequently, B(S) is a semilattice if S is a k-Clifford semiring. Also we show that the set B
P-Cyclic C-Contraction Result in Menger Spaces Using a Control Function
Authors: Choudhury B. S. , Bhandari S. K.
Published: June 2016

The intrinsic flexibility of probabilistic metric spaces makes it possible to extend the idea of contraction mapping in several inequivalent ways, one of which being the C-contraction. Cyclic contractions are another type of contractions used extensively in global optimization problems. We introduced here p-cyclic contractions which are probabilistic C-contraction types. It involves p numbers of subsets of the spaces and involves two control functions for its definitions. We show that such contractions have fixed points in a complete probabilistic metric space. The main result is supported with an example and extends several existing results.
Improving diagnosis of pneumococcal disease by multiparameter testing and micro/nanotechnologies
Authors: Salieb-Beugelaar Georgette B. , Zhang Bei , Nigo Maurice M. , Frischmann Sieghard , Hunziker Patrick R.
Published: June 2016

The diagnosis and management of pneumococcal disease remains challenging, in particular in children who often are asymptomatic carriers, and in low-income countries with a high morbidity and mortality from febrile illnesses where the broad range of bacterial, viral and parasitic cases are in contrast to limited, diagnostic resources. Integration of multiple markers into a single, rapid test is desirable in such situations. Likewise, the development of multiparameter tests for relevant arrays of pathogens is important to avoid overtreatment of febrile syndromes with antibiotics. Miniaturization of tests through use of micro- and nanotechnologies combines several advantages: miniaturization reduces sample requirements, reduces the use of consumables and reagents leading to a reduction in costs, facilitates parallelization, enables point-of-care use of diagnostic equipment and even reduces the amount of potentially infectious disposables, characteristics that are highly desirable in most healthcare settings. This critical review emphasizes our vision on the importance of multiparametric testing for diagnosing pneumococcal infections in patients with fever and examines recent relevant developments in micro/nanotechnologies to achieve this goal.
Towards an Ecology of the Self: Landscape, Body and Identity in Karen Blixen’s Out of Africa
Authors: Persson Anna
Published: June 2016

This paper centers on Karen Blixen’s

For Blixen as a farm owner in colonized Kenya the land appears to bear the function of a tool that places the self within the landscape in a way that bridges the gap between nature and culture, human and nonhuman. However, the land also affects the interhuman relations of the people on the farm. This paper carries out an ecocritical new materialist reading of the relationships between the human and more than human in
Apocalypse Then and Now: Verdens Undergang (1916) and Melancholia (2011)
Authors: Sandberg Mark B.
Published: June 2016

A comparison of two films about the end of the world by astronomical collision,
Effect of carbon sources on physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose produced from Gluconacetobacter xylinus MTCC 7795
Authors: Singh Rushali , Mathur Ashwani , Goswami Navendu , Mathur Garima
Published: June 2016

In this study, the effect of modified Hestrin Schramm (HS) medium supplemented with different carbon sources viz., glucose, fructose, galactose and lactic acid on the yield and physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) produced from Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain MTCC 7795 in shake flask culture conditions was investigated. Growth studies indicated that all carbon sources supported the growth of bacteria, though specific growth rate and doubling time differs. Fructose gave the highest cellulose yield of 7.72 mg/ml after 130 h of fermentation, while yield in glucose and galactose supplemented medium were 4.49 mg/ml and 3.38 mg/ml, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all BC samples were amorphous in comparison to commercial cellulose. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic investigations of bacterial cellulose (BC) samples affirm the purity of the cellulose produced. No significant variations in physicochemical properties of cellulose samples produced with different carbon sources were observed. This study for the first time has investigated the effect of carbon sources on physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose produced by G. xylinus MTCC 7795 and provides a strategy for economical production of BC with anticipated application in therapeutics and tissue engineering.
Changes of carbon dioxide concentration in soils caused by forestry machine traffic
Authors: Allman Michal , Jankovský Martin , Messingerová Valéria , Allmanová Zuzana
Published: June 2016

Forestry machine traffic causes a number of changes that are not immediately reflected in morphological changes of surface soil. These changes are physical and chemical in nature. The change in subsurface soil CO2 concentration was one of the parameters of interest. The critical CO2 concentration is thought to fluctuate around 0.6%. The primary objective of this paper was to determine the impact of forestry machine traffic on subsurface soil CO2 concentration. We measured CO2 concentration in the areas undisturbed by machinery and in the ruts in skid trails in eight forest stands. The measurements were performed using a Vaisala MI 70 meter. The results confirmed significant differences in gas concentrations between the individual measurement sites. In the ruts of the skid trails, CO2 concentrations fluctuated in a range of 0.5 to 2.81% and significantly exceeded the critical concentration. Moisture content and bulk density had a significant impact on the change in gas concentration beneath the surface, which was confirmed by multivariate analysis of variance that revealed that the values of the coefficient of correlation fluctuated in a range of 0.39 to 0.74.
Epipactis helleborine(L.) Crantz subsp.moratoriaA. Riechelmann & A. Zirnsack., a new subspecies of Broad-leaved Helleborine in Slovenia
Authors: Lipovšek Matej , Brinovec Tadeja , Brinovec Marina
Published: June 2016

The group ofEpipactis helleborines.l. includes several subspecies. A new subspeciesEpipactis helleborinesubsp.moratoriawas determined in Slovenia in 2015. It thrives in mixed wood in a region of Gorica at Raztez. Morphologic and phenomenological comparison confirmed clear differences betweenE. helleborinesubsp.moratoriaandE. helleborinesubsp.helleborine. The characteristic differences seen inE. helleborinesubsp.moratoriaare the stem which is more or less bent at the level of the leaf base, the plants are smaller and more slender thanE. helleborine, there are also differences in the flowers and the leaves. The ovary inE. moratoriais often in a horizontal position, especially at the time of fruiting, wheras inE. helleborineovary usually hangs down. All of the wild orchids in Slovenia are protected species and among them it isEpipactis helleborinesubsp.moratoriawhich, up till now is only known at one site.
IUCN guidelines using for assessment of plants from the Red Book of Russian Federation at regional level: a case study for the Republic of Mordovia (Russia)
Authors: Khapugin Anatoliy A. , Silaeva Tatyana B. , Vargot Elena V. , Chugunov Gennadiy G.
Published: June 2016

There are 15 plant species included in the Russian Red Book, which occur in the Republic of Mordovia: Najas tenuissima, Koeleria sclerophylla, Stipa dasyphylla, S. pennata, S. pulcherrima, S. zalesskii, Fritillaria ruthenica, Iris aphylla, Cypripedium calceolus, Cephalanthera rubra, Epipogium aphyllum, Neottianthe cucullata, Orchis militaris, Neotinea ustulata, Thymus cimicinus. Of these, only C. calceolus is included in the Global Red List as Critically Endangered. Threat status for studied species in Mordovia was assessed, and their distribution dynamics in this region throughout 12 years was described. Recent floristic studies, inspections of herbariums and literature were used for searches all provided data. Grid mapping and IUCN criteria were used. Nine taxa were determined as Critically Endangered, three as Endangered, one as Vulnerable, one as Near Threatened and one as Data Deficient. The areas of occupancy and extent of occurrence in Mordovia were assessed for each taxon. All studied species should be included in the next edition of the Mordovian Red Book. F. ruthenica, E. aphyllum, N. ustulata, T. cimicinus require additional studies to confirm earlier observations.
Railway embankments - a refuge areas for food flora, and pollinators in agricultural landscape
Authors: Wrzesień Małgorzata , Jachuła Jacek , Denisow Bożena
Published: June 2016

In a modern agricultural landscape the assurance of food resources is a key issue in the maintaince and control of food niche for pollinators. In the present study we evaluated bee forage flora composition and diversity within railway embankments located in the agricultural landscape, SE Poland. We also analysed the abundance of pollinators that use food resources along railway embankments and recognized insect visitors preference for selected plant species. Railway embankments represent valuable refuge areas for bee forage flora (307 species, i.e. 76.1% of total flora) and pollinators (in total 4172 insect visits from 9 taxonomic groups). However, the richness and abundance of bee forage flora significantly differed between types of the railway distinguished by traffic volume. The highest diversity of bee forage flora is noted along the railway with intermediate traffic volume. Approx. 25% and 40% less bee forage species was identified along railways with low and high traffic volume. Likewise, bee forage flora differed considerably between microhabitat types, i.e. top vs. slope vs. bottom of the embankment. Providing support (e.g. mowing) seems to be an important management type in order to strengthen the native bee forage flora particularly on railway embankments along low and high traffic volume tracks. Such activity is crucial to counteract the spread of aggressive non-forage species (e.g. Calamagrostis epigejos, Artemisia vulgaris, Phragmites communis) and invasive species (e.g. Bunias orientalis, Solidago gigantea).