bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relativistic complexity, adaptive governance and the intelligence leadership
Authors: Liang Thow Yick
Published: September 2015

Abstract Recognizing the inherent strengths and weaknesses of human agents and organizations, as well as changing characteristics and behavior of the interacting agents is the key fundamental to better adaptation, leadership, governance, resilience and sustainability. In all human organizations, the agents are human beings each embedded with an intrinsic intense intelligence source that could easily transform their behavioral schemata. Thus, contradictory to the Newtonian/design paradigm, the group/organizational dynamic of human agents is complex, nonlinear, constantly/continuously changing, and can be unpredictable. In addition, complexity in the human world can be relativistic. Consequently, human agent/organization may perceive certain spaces of complexity as spaces of relativistic order – relativistic complexity. In particular, due the presence of the intense mental dimension in humanity – complexity is in the mind of the beholder. In human existence, leadership and governance are spontaneously emerging key requirements – a primary trait for collective survival. Currently, with more knowledge-intensive and participative new agents (self-powered intrinsic leadership) who possess modified beliefs, values, norms, and expectations that are dissimilar from the older generations, governance and leadership need deeper analysis and redefinition. Traditional governance systems in all categories of organization are manifesting their constraint, vulnerability, and incompetency, in particular, incoherency due to new values and cultural pressure, and their associated self-organizing networks – especially informal networks that demand change, a more commonly observed worldwide phenomenon. In this respect, special attend has to be focus on the highly nonlinear relational parameter is beneficial. This study adopts the intelligence mindset that concurrently focuses on intelligence/consciousness-centricity, complexity-centricity, and network-centricity as the new strategic path towards better adaptive governance and the new leadership. It concentrates on the self-powered agents that are also intrinsic leaders/actors. The new intelligence leadership focal point include nurturing intense collective intelligence (more actors), the critical ability of self-organizing communications, immersion of leadership nodes in networks/clusters (including e-governance), increasing coherency of complex networks (interdependency of network of networks, network management), exploiting selected spaces of complexity (complexity management), and intelligence-driven self-transcending constructions that better facilitates emergence through ‘multi-lateral’ dynamics (minimizing ‘direct’ governance). This intelligence governance strategy emphasizes that mass lateral collectivity rather than selective enforced hierarchical empowerment is the more effective approach in the present contact. Fundamentally, optimizing the ‘everybody is in charge’ phenomenon frequently is a more viable option.
Critical Care Ultrasonography: essential skill for a bedside physician.
Authors: Shrestha Gentle Sunder
Published: September 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh Crit Care J September 2015; 3 (2): 43-44
An Observational Study of Entrainment Rate in Deep Convection
Authors: Guo Xiaohao , Lu Chunsong , Zhao Tianliang , Zhang Guang , Liu Yangang
Published: September 2015

This study estimates entrainment rate and investigates its relationships with cloud properties in 156 deep convective clouds based on in-situ aircraft observations during the TOGA-COARE (Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment) field campaign over the western Pacific. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on the probability density function of entrainment rate, the relationships between entrainment rate and cloud microphysics, and the effects of dry air sources on the calculated entrainment rate in deep convection from an observational perspective. Results show that the probability density function of entrainment rate can be well fitted by lognormal, gamma or Weibull distribution, with coefficients of determination being 0.82, 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. Entrainment tends to reduce temperature, water vapor content and moist static energy in cloud due to evaporative cooling and dilution. Inspection of the relationships between entrainment rate and microphysical properties reveals a negative correlation between volume-mean radius and entrainment rate, suggesting the potential dominance of homogeneous mechanism in the clouds examined. In addition, entrainment rate and environmental water vapor content show similar tendencies of variation with the distance of the assumed environmental air to the cloud edges. Their variation tendencies are non-monotonic due to the relatively short distance between adjacent clouds.
Explanatory Information Analysis for Day-Ahead Price Forecasting in the Iberian Electricity Market
Authors: Monteiro Claudio , Fernandez-Jimenez L. , Ramirez-Rosado Ignacio
Published: September 2015

This paper presents the analysis of the importance of a set of explanatory (input) variables for the day-ahead price forecast in the Iberian Electricity Market (MIBEL). The available input variables include extensive hourly time series records of weather forecasts, previous prices, and regional aggregation of power generations and power demands. The paper presents the comparisons of the forecasting results achieved with a model which includes all these available input variables (EMPF model) with respect to those obtained by other forecasting models containing a reduced set of input variables. These comparisons identify the most important variables for forecasting purposes. In addition, a novel Reference Explanatory Model for Price Estimations (REMPE) that achieves hourly price estimations by using actual power generations and power demands of such day is described in the paper, which offers the lowest limit for the forecasting error of the EMPF model. All the models have been implemented using the same technique (artificial neural networks) and have been satisfactorily applied to the real-world case study of the Iberian Electricity Market (MIBEL). The relative importance of each explanatory variable is identified for the day-ahead price forecasts in the MIBEL. The comparisons also allow outlining guidelines of the value of the different types of input information.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid from Porphyridium Cruentum: Increasing Growth and Productivity of Microalgae for Pharmaceutical Products
Authors: Asgharpour Maryam , Rodgers Brigitte , Hestekin Jamie
Published: September 2015

An alternative source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or omega-3 could be microalgae lipids instead of fish oils. However, EPA and lipid contents extracted from microalgae vary at different growth conditions. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to optimize the growth conditions of microalgae to maximize EPA production. In this paper, the effects of temperature (16 °C and 20 °C), light intensity (140 µE m−2 s−1 and 180 µE m−2 s−1) and nitrate level (0.075, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 g/L) on the cell growth, lipid productivity, and omega-6/omega-3 ratio of Porphyridium cruentum, one of the most promising oil-rich species of microalgae, are investigated. The ratio of the fatty acids with omega-6 and omega-3 groups at various growth conditions were compared, since an appropriate proportion of ω-6 (arachidonic acid (ARA)) to ω-3 (EPA) is vital for healthy nutrition. Lower EPA production and consequently a higher ARA/EPA ratio occurred when 5% CO2/air was utilized as CO2 supplementation compared to pure CO2. The highest EPA (13.08% (w/w) of total fatty acids) and biomass productivity (143 mg L−1 day−1) was achieved at 140 µE m−2 s−1, 20 °C, and 0.3 g/L nitrate, while lipid content was the lowest (0.5% w/w) at this condition. The optimal condition with minimum ARA/EPA ratio (2.5) was identified at 20 °C, 140 µE m−2 s−1, and 0.5 g/L nitrate concentration.
Effects of Microcystin-LR Exposure on Spermiogenesis in Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Li Yunhui , Zhang Minhui , Chen Pan , Liu Ran , Liang Geyu , Yin Lihong , Pu Yuepu
Published: September 2015

Little is known about the effect on spermiogenesis induced by microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR), even though such data are very important to better elucidate reproductive health. In the current work, with the aid of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as an animal model, we investigated the defects on spermiogenesis induced by MC-LR. Our results showed that MC-LR exposure induced sperm morphology abnormality and caused severe defects of sperm activation, trans-activation, sperm behavior and competition. Additionally, the expression levels of spe-15 were significantly decreased in C. elegans exposed to MC-LR lower than 16.0 μg/L, while the expression levels of spe-10 and fer-1 could be significantly lowered in C. elegans even exposed to 1.0 μg/L of MC-LR. Therefore, the present study reveals that MC-LR can induce adverse effects on spermiogenesis, and those defects of sperm functions may be induced by the decreases of spe-10, spe-15 and fer-1 gene expressions in C. elegans.
Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Autotetraploid and Diploid Mulberry (Morus alba L.)
Authors: Dai Fanwei , Wang Zhenjiang , Luo Guoqing , Tang Cuiming
Published: September 2015

Autopolyploid plants and their organs are often larger than their diploid counterparts, which makes them attractive to plant breeders. Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is an important commercial woody plant in many tropical and subtropical areas. In this study, we obtained a series of autotetraploid mulberry plants resulting from a colchicine treatment. To evaluate the effects of genome duplications in mulberry, we compared the phenotypes and transcriptomes of autotetraploid and diploid mulberry trees. In the autotetraploids, the height, breast-height diameter, leaf size, and fruit size were larger than those of diploids. Transcriptome data revealed that of 21,229 expressed genes only 609 (2.87%) were differentially expressed between diploids and autotetraploids. Among them, 30 genes were associated with the biosynthesis and signal transduction of plant hormones, including cytokinin, gibberellins, ethylene, and auxin. In addition, 41 differentially expressed genes were involved in photosynthesis. These results enhance our understanding of the variations that occur in mulberry autotetraploids and will benefit future breeding work.
Experimental Study of the Mg-Ni-Y System at 673 K Using Diffusion Couples and Key Alloys
Authors: Mezbahul-Islam Mohammad , Kevorkov Dmytro , Medraj Mamoun
Published: September 2015

Three solid-solid and two solid-liquid diffusion couples together with 32 key samples were used to construct the isothermal section of the Mg-Ni-Y system at 673 K. The present investigation revealed 12 ternary intermetallic compounds. Crystal structures of two ternary compounds τ1 (Gd4RhIn prototype with lattice parameter of a = 1.3666 nm) and τ2 (Mo2FeB2 prototype with lattice parameters of a = 0.7395 nm and c = 0.3736 nm) were determined. The phase relations and ternary solubility of the binary and ternary compounds at 673 K were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wave dispersive X-ray spectrometer (WDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
OLED Hybrid Integrated Polymer Microfluidic Biosensing for Point of Care Testing
Authors: Acharya Ashwin , Packirisamy Muthukumaran , Izquierdo Ricardo
Published: September 2015

This paper reports a microfluidic platform with external hybrid integration of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) as an excitation source. This device can be used as a simple and cost effective biosensing element. The device is capable of rapid in-situ detection of biological elements such as sensing of interaction of antigen with fluorescent tagged antibody conjugates. These portable microfluidic systems have great potential for use an OLED in a single chip with very high accuracy and sensitivity for various point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and lab on a chip (LOC) applications, as the miniaturization of the biosensor is essential for handling smaller sample volumes in order to achieve high throughput. The biosensing element was successfully tested to detect anti-sheep IgG conjugates tagged to Alexafluor using a fluorescence based immunoassay method.
Aptamer-Based Screens of Human Body Fluids for Biomarkers
Authors: Albaba Dania , Soomro Sanam , Mohan Chandra
Published: September 2015

In recent years, aptamers have come to replace antibodies in high throughput multiplexed experiments. The aptamer-based biomarker screening technology, which kicked off in 2010, is capable of interrogating thousands of proteins in a very small sample volume. With this new technology, researchers hope to find clinically appropriate biomarkers for a myriad of illnesses by screening human body fluids. In this work, we have reviewed a total of eight studies utilizing aptamer-based biomarker screens of human body fluids, and have highlighted novel protein biomarkers discovered.
Effects of Crocetin Esters and Crocetin from Crocus sativus L. on Aortic Contractility in Rat Genetic Hypertension
Authors: Llorens Silvia , Mancini Andrea , Serrano-Díaz Jessica , D’Alessandro Anna , Nava Eduardo , Alonso Gonzalo , Carmona Manuel
Published: September 2015

Background: Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by an enhancement in vasoconstriction, is clearly associated with hypertension. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) bioactive compounds have been recognized to have hypotensive properties. Recently, we have reported that crocetin exhibits potent vasodilator effects on isolated aortic rings from hypertensive rats. In this work, we have aimed to analyze the anticontractile ability of crocetin or crocetin esters pool (crocins) isolated from saffron. Thus, we have studied the effects of saffron carotenoids on endothelium-dependent and -independent regulation of smooth muscle contractility in genetic hypertension. Methods: We have measured the isometric responses of aortic segments with or without endothelium obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats. The effects of carotenoids were studied by assessing the endothelial modulation of phenylephrine-induced contractions (10−9–10−5 M) in the presence or absence of crocetin or crocins. The role of nitric oxide and prostanoids was analyzed by performing the experiments with L-NAME (NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester) or indomethacin (both 10−5 M), respectively. Results: Crocetin, and to a minor extent crocins, diminished the maximum contractility of phenylephrine in intact rings, while crocins, but not crocetin, increased this contractility in de-endothelizated vessels. In the intact vessels, the effect of crocetin on contractility was unaffected by indomethacin but was abolished by L-NAME. However, crocetin but not crocins, lowered the already increased contractility caused by L-NAME. Conclusions: Saffron compounds, but especially crocetin have endothelium-dependent prorelaxing actions. Crocins have procontractile actions that take place via smooth muscle cell mechanisms. These results suggest that crocetin and crocins activate different mechanisms involved in the vasoconstriction pathway in hypertension.
Preparation and Evaluation of Vancomycin-Loaded N-trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Jiaojiao , Xu Beihua , Shou Dan , Xia Xiaojing , Hu Ying
Published: September 2015

Chronic intracellular infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens pose a challenge to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Such treatment requires an intracellular delivery system for the sustained release of antibiotics such as vancomycin (VCM), which is an antibiotic of last resort used against many clinically resistant bacteria. In this work, we report VCM-loaded N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanoparticles and their potential application for drug delivery. The results showed that the prepared nanoparticles were predominantly spherical in shape with an average particle diameter of 220 nm, a positive zeta potential, and a loading efficiency of 73.65% ± 1.83%. Furthermore, their drug release profile followed the Higuchi model for sustained release, with non-Fickian diffusion. Over a 24-h period, 6.51% ± 0.58% of the drug within the optimized nanoparticles was released. In vitro cytology showed that osteoblasts (OBs) exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) after exposure to TMC nanoparticle material. Furthermore, TMC nanoparticles increased the uptake of water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) by OBs, and both nanoparticles and VCM/TMC mixtures improved OB proliferative activity. We also investigated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, 60 μg/mL), half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50, 48.47 μg/mL), diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ, 1.050 cm), and turbidimetric (TB) assay of nanoparticles. All data demonstrated that VCM/TMC nanoparticles had excellent antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. These findings suggest that VCM-loaded TMC nanoparticles have good potential for the sustained delivery of antibiotics to bone infections.
Mapping Two-Dimensional Deformation Field Time-Series of Large Slope by Coupling DInSAR-SBAS with MAI-SBAS
Authors: He Liming , Wu Lixin , Liu Shanjun , Wang Zhi , Su Chang , Liu Sheng-Nan
Published: September 2015

Mapping deformation field time-series, including vertical and horizontal motions, is vital for landslide monitoring and slope safety assessment. However, the conventional differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) technique can only detect the displacement component in the satellite-to-ground direction, i.e., line-of-sight (LOS) direction displacement. To overcome this constraint, a new method was developed to obtain the displacement field time series of a slope by coupling DInSAR based small baseline subset approach (DInSAR-SBAS) with multiple-aperture InSAR (MAI) based small baseline subset approach (MAI-SBAS). This novel method has been applied to a set of 11 observations from the phased array type L-band synthetic aperture radar (PALSAR) sensor onboard the advanced land observing satellite (ALOS), spanning from 2007 to 2011, of two large-scale north–south slopes of the largest Asian open-pit mine in the Northeast of China. The retrieved displacement time series showed that the proposed method can detect and measure the large displacements that occurred along the north–south direction, and the gradually changing two-dimensional displacement fields. Moreover, we verified this new method by comparing the displacement results to global positioning system (GPS) measurements.
Measurement and Evaluation of the Gas Density and Viscosity of Pure Gases and Mixtures Using a Micro-Cantilever Beam
Authors: Badarlis Anastasios , Pfau Axel , Kalfas Anestis
Published: September 2015

Measurement of gas density and viscosity was conducted using a micro-cantilever beam. In parallel, the validity of the proposed modeling approach was evaluated. This study also aimed to widen the database of the gases on which the model development of the micro-cantilever beams is based. The density and viscosity of gases are orders of magnitude lower than liquids. For this reason, the use of a very sensitive sensor is essential. In this study, a micro-cantilever beam from the field of atomic force microscopy was used. Although the current cantilever was designed to work with thermal activation, in the current investigation, it was activated with an electromagnetic force. The deflection of the cantilever beam was detected by an integrated piezo-resistive sensor. Six pure gases and sixteen mixtures of them in ambient conditions were investigated. The outcome of the investigation showed that the current cantilever beam had a sensitivity of 240 Hz/(kg/m3), while the accuracy of the determined gas density and viscosity in ambient conditions reached ±1.5% and ±2.0%, respectively.
Implementation and Evaluation of Four Interoperable Open Standards for the Internet of Things
Authors: Jazayeri Mohammad , Liang Steve , Huang Chih-Yuan
Published: September 2015

Recently, researchers are focusing on a new use of the Internet called the Internet of Things (IoT), in which enabled electronic devices can be remotely accessed over the Internet. As the realization of IoT concept is still in its early stages, manufacturers of Internet-connected devices and IoT web service providers are defining their proprietary protocols based on their targeted applications. Consequently, IoT becomes heterogeneous in terms of hardware capabilities and communication protocols. Addressing these heterogeneities by following open standards is a necessary step to communicate with various IoT devices. In this research, we assess the feasibility of applying existing open standards on resource-constrained IoT devices. The standard protocols developed in this research are OGC PUCK over Bluetooth, TinySOS, SOS over CoAP, and OGC SensorThings API. We believe that by hosting open standard protocols on IoT devices, not only do the devices become self-describable, self-contained, and interoperable, but innovative applications can also be easily developed with standardized interfaces. In addition, we use memory consumption, request message size, response message size, and response latency to benchmark the efficiency of the implemented protocols. In all, this research presents and evaluates standard-based solutions to better understand the feasibility of applying existing standards to the IoT vision.
Recent Progress in Fluorescent Imaging Probes
Authors: Pak Yen , Swamy K. , Yoon Juyoung
Published: September 2015

Due to the simplicity and low detection limit, especially the bioimaging ability for cells, fluorescence probes serve as unique detection methods. With the aid of molecular recognition and specific organic reactions, research on fluorescent imaging probes has blossomed during the last decade. Especially, reaction based fluorescent probes have been proven to be highly selective for specific analytes. This review highlights our recent progress on fluorescent imaging probes for biologically important species, such as biothiols, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, metal ions including Zn2+, Hg2+, Cu2+ and Au3+, and anions including cyanide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Energy Efficiency Evaluation and Economic Feasibility Analysis of a Geothermal Heating and Cooling System with a Vapor-Compression Chiller System
Authors: Imal Muharrem , Yılmaz Koray , Pınarbaşı Ahmet
Published: September 2015

Increasing attention has been given to energy utilization in Turkey. In this report, we present an energy efficiency evaluation and economic feasibility analysis of a geothermal heating and cooling system (GSHP) and a mechanical compression water chiller system (ACHP) to improve the energy utilization efﬁciency and reduce the primary energy demand for industrial use. Analyses of a mechanical water chiller unit, GSW 180, and geothermal heating and cooling system, EAR 431 SK, were conducted in experimental working areas of the office buildings in a cigarette factory in Mersin, Turkey. The heating and cooling loads of the cigarette factory building were calculated, and actual thermal data were collected and analyzed. To calculate these loads, the cooling load temperature difference method was used. It was concluded that the geothermal heating and cooling system was more useful and productive and provides substantial economic beneﬁts.
Are Some Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Mycotoxins?
Authors: Bennett Joan , Inamdar Arati
Published: September 2015

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are carbon-compounds that easily evaporate at room temperature. Toxins are biologically produced poisons; mycotoxins are those toxins produced by microscopic fungi. All fungi emit blends of VOCs; the qualitative and quantitative composition of these volatile blends varies with the species of fungus and the environmental situation in which the fungus is grown. These fungal VOCs, produced as mixtures of alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ethers, esters, ketones, terpenes, thiols and their derivatives, are responsible for the characteristic moldy odors associated with damp indoor spaces. There is increasing experimental evidence that some of these VOCs have toxic properties. Laboratory tests in mammalian tissue culture and Drosophila melanogaster have shown that many single VOCs, as well as mixtures of VOCs emitted by growing fungi, have toxic effects. This paper describes the pros and cons of categorizing toxigenic fungal VOCs as mycotoxins, uses genomic data to expand on the definition of mycotoxin, and summarizes some of the linguistic and other conventions that can create barriers to communication between the scientists who study VOCs and those who study toxins. We propose that “volatoxin” might be a useful term to describe biogenic volatile compounds with toxigenic properties.
Flood-Runoff in Semi-Arid and Sub-Humid Regions, a Case Study: A Simulation of Jianghe Watershed in Northern China
Authors: Jin Hua , Liang Rui , Wang Yu , Tumula Prasad
Published: September 2015

This paper presents a modeling application of surface runoff using the Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS). A case study was carried out for the Jianghe watershed, a typical semi-arid and sub-humid geo-climatic region in northern China. Two modeling schemes using different descriptive sub-mechanism models provided by HEC-HMS for runoff volume, direct runoff and routing (channel flow) were investigated. The modeling results were compared with historical observation data. This work shows that HEC-HMS can be a suitable modeling tool for specific situations in China. With the appropriate selection of the sub-mechanism models, HEC-HMS can be applied to various situations, including the typical semi-arid and sub-humid conditions in northern China.
An efficient synthesis of N-substituted 3-nitrothiophen-2-amines
Authors: Vivek Kumar Sundaravel , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam , Menéndez J Carlos , Perumal Subbu
Published: September 2015

A novel protocol for the synthesis of 3-nitro-N-aryl/alkylthiophen-2-amines in good yields from the reaction of α-nitroketene N,S-aryl/alkylaminoacetals and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol in the presence of K2CO3 in refluxing ethanol is described. This transformation generates two C–C bonds in a single operation and presumably proceeds through a reaction sequence comprising 2-mercaptoacetaldehyde generation, nucleophilic carbonyl addition, annelation and elimination steps.
TIME AND COST INTERDEPENDENCE IN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: ŽUJO Vahida , CAR-PUŠIĆ Diana , ŽILESKA-PANČOVSKA Valentina , ĆEĆEZ Marko
Published: September 2015

Time and price of contracted construction as well as their overrun are among highly pronounced issues in the construction practice. Numerous studies indicate that there is a dependency between these parameters at various construction markets. The paper shows the results of a research conducted on a group of 40 projects related to water supply systems carried out in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2001 to 2012. Collected data, obtained through interviewing chief engineers of construction companies, have been used as input parameters for implementation of single linear regression by applying the BTC (Bromilow time-cost) algorithm. The final result is a model in the form of an exponential equation. Whereas it was obtained based on effectuated values, it can be considered appropriate for assessing and testing the construction time in the early planning stage, as well as at work contracting. Since the parameter values in the model depend on circumstances of the specific area under consideration, the application of the model is recommended primarily in the area where the research was conducted. Results of the price overrun and construction overrun interdependence have not resulted in determining the exponential model. The paper also proposes application recommendations and guidelines for further research.
Construire son projet personnel et professionnel avec le dispositif des unités localisées pour l’inclusion scolaire (ULIS)
Authors: Midelet Julia
Published: September 2015

Si la loi du 11 février 2005 pose la question de la participation effective des personnes handicapées à la construction de leur citoyenneté, l’organisation d’une scolarité adaptée répondant aussi aux besoins des jeunes adultes en termes d’insertion sociale et professionnelle se doit d’être pensée, comme le précise le code de l’éducation. Bien que le nombre de jeunes présentant une déficience mentale ou encore des troubles des fonctions cognitives soit en constante évolution, depuis la mise en place de cette loi, ces derniers restent « vulnérables », au sens où ils ne parviennent pas totalement à s’emparer de leur propre existence quand il s’agit de penser leur projet professionnel.
Travailler moins pour travailler plus longtemps
Authors: Segon Michaël , Le Roux Nathalie
Published: September 2015

Cet article vise à appréhender les rapports à la vie professionnelle de jeunes handicapés sortis de l’enseignement supérieur depuis peu. Il s’agit de comprendre le sens des exigences qu’ils formulent relativement au travail et à l’emploi. Cinq principes sont étudiés : chercher un emploi à temps partiel, se préserver tout en faisant carrière, chercher un emploi dans une grande entreprise, limiter les relations sociales et les activités d’encadrement ainsi qu’accorder ou non une place au handicap dans les missions du travail. Ces exigences nous renseignent sur la diversité des expériences du handicap et sur les ajustements opérés par les enquêtés entre le travail et les autres sphères de la vie.
L’inclusion : un changement de finalité pour le travail social ?
Authors: Jaeger Marcel
Published: September 2015

La notion d’« inclusion » a été mise en avant dans l’intitulé du Plan pluriannuel contre la pauvreté et pour l’inclusion sociale qui a annoncé, notamment, les États généraux du travail social. Cependant, le terme n’est pas beaucoup utilisé par les travailleurs sociaux : « insertion », « intégration », « inclusion » sont des mots souvent considérés comme identiques et leur distinction ne semble pas avoir de véritables enjeux. Il est entendu que ce terme d’origine anglaise a été promu par des organismes internationaux pour positiver les objectifs de la lutte contre les exclusions. Mais il est plus difficile d’y reconnaître une indication de changements plus profonds, en particulier dans la manière de redéfinir les finalités du travail social.
Inclusif. Vous avez dit inclusif ? L’exemple du handicap
Authors: Ebersold Serge
Published: September 2015

Initialement liée aux modalités d’accès au droit commun des personnes reconnues handicapées, la notion d’inclusion renvoie désormais à l’injonction d’affiliation faite aux organisations par une conception systémique du monde social leur demandant d’être accessibles et de permettre à tout un chacun de contribuer activement au bien-être économique et social. Aussi cet article relie-t-il la consécration de la notion aux conceptions de la citoyenneté revendiquées par les politiques inclusives, aux principes de justice qui les animent, aux représentations de l’action publique qui les guident et aux principes de classement à l’œuvre. Il associe l’accroissement des inégalités entre personnes reconnues handicapées et l’ensemble de la population à l’avènement d’une conception post-disciplinaire des institutions associant la lutte contre les inégalités à la gestion des talents individuels et promouvant une conception méritocratique de l’accessibilité. Cet article invite ainsi à ne pas relier l’ambition inclusive à une désinstitutionnalisation, mais à l’avènement d’un individualisme citoyen nécessitant de s’interroger sur l’effet d’affiliation des pratiques et les possibilités données aux individus d’être à parité de participation.
Inclusion et planification : vers un territoire inclusif
Authors: Bauer Frédéric
Published: September 2015

Les territoires français sont principalement structurés autour de diverses planifications, couvrant une très large palette de domaines, seulement partiellement coordonnées entre elles, alors que, d’une manière ou d’une autre, elles visent toutes l’égalité d’accès des citoyens aux ressources et aux opportunités. L’inclusion, comprise comme une action visant à la fois à développer les compétences des individus en situation de vulnérabilité et les capacités d’accueil de leurs milieux de vie, nécessite une approche transversale de la planification, impliquant une collaboration d’acteurs ayant des responsabilités et des compétences spécifiques. À partir d’une étude réalisée par le creai Alsace pour la direction régionale Alsace de l’ apf en 2013, l’article s’attache à montrer l’incapacité de la planification actuelle à garantir une véritable ambition inclusive sur les territoires, et à définir les conditions d’une planification transversale pour des territoires pleinement inclusifs.
L’inclusion en pratiques
Authors: Gardien Ève
Published: September 2015

Le concept d’inclusion pose des problèmes à la fois théoriques et pratiques. Appliqué aux situations de handicap, il questionne les causes d’un traitement social différencié. Le handicap est-il un phénomène explicable uniquement par des facteurs naturels ou bien des dynamiques d’exclusion de ces personnes sont-elles à l’œuvre ? La première partie de cet article répondra à cette question par l’exposé des évolutions scientifiques contemporaines relatives au handicap. Ensuite, il sera montré comment ces réponses ont été portées politiquement au niveau international. Puis, dans une deuxième partie, une fois le contexte scientifique et politique posé, une action collective suédoise ayant réussi à déployer une véritable dynamique d’inclusion de personnes polyhandicapées sera analysée à la fois dans sa construction historique et son organisation pratique.
Ouvrir le travail social aux professionnels sourds, de la formation à l’emploi
Authors: Bonnami Alain
Published: September 2015

Cet article a pour ambition d’apporter des éléments de connaissance sur une réalité méconnue du travail social, celle de l’employabilité des éducateurs sourds. À cet effet, je m’appuierai sur les résultats et enseignements d’une recherche menée dans le cadre d’un master, pour laquelle j’ai procédé à l’analyse de données de deux enquêtes quantitatives (l’une en direction des éducateurs sourds et l’autre en direction des établissements employeurs de ces salariés) et d’entretiens compréhensifs portant sur leurs trajectoires professionnelles rendues spécifiques du fait de leur handicap. Dans cet article, je présenterai des éléments d’analyse issus des enquêtes quantitatives. La question de l’inclusion sociale et professionnelle de ces travailleurs sociaux se trouve posée.
Coopérer entre territoires au défi commun de l’inclusion
Authors: Letonturier Simon , Pasteur Michèle
Published: September 2015

En septembre prochain, les États du monde, lors de l’Assemblée générale annuelle des Nations unies, devraient s’entendre sur un nouvel agenda mondial de développement, dit « Agenda post-2015 », au service de l’avènement d’un monde durable et inclusif. L’Assemblée des départements de France ( adf ) a décidé en 2014 de mener un travail d’observation et d’analyse des dynamiques de coopération entre territoires français et du monde dans le champ de l’inclusion économique et sociale. Les enseignements tirés du rapport rendu permettent de mettre en lumière le potentiel d’alimentation réciproque des échanges internationaux entre acteurs locaux pour améliorer la compréhension des processus d’exclusion et la qualité des dispositifs d’inclusion économique et sociale. En effet, interagir avec un autre territoire autour de ces problématiques suppose de faire un effort de compréhension des paramètres sociaux, économiques, culturels et politiques des phénomènes d’exclusion, loin des segmentations que les dispositifs français ont eu tendance à constituer. Les échanges internationaux peuvent permettre de renouer avec une dimension majeure du processus d’inclusion : l’appréhension holistique de la personne en situation d’exclusion, dans son appartenance à un territoire de vie et en prise avec la nécessité de recouvrer une citoyenneté pleine et entière.
Le concept d’inclusion sous le regard de travailleurs sociaux en formation
Authors: Dubéchot Patrick
Published: September 2015

Cet article propose une réflexion sur le processus d’appropriation et d’intégration des concepts émergeant dans les logiques d’action des organisations et des professionnels du travail social et de l’intervention sociale. L’hypothèse avancée est que ce processus s’opère progressivement et lentement. Cela est d’autant plus long que l’intégration de ces concepts dans la formation des travailleurs sociaux exige un certain délai, voire est confrontée à une certaine résistance dans les centres de formation, dans les lieux d’exercice professionnel. De ce fait, à peine les anciens concepts sont-ils intégrés que de nouveaux viennent bousculer les acquis, remettre en cause les pratiques et les professionnels.
L’e-inclusion, un levier ?
Authors: Bouquet Brigitte , Jaeger Marcel
Published: September 2015

Les Technologies de l’information et de la communication ( tic ) s’imposent dans tous les champs de la vie sociale, économique, politique et culturelle. Mais si le numérique dope le quotidien, il ne profite pas à tous. Une importante partie de la population rencontre des difficultés d’accès et d’usage, alors même qu’elle pourrait faire de cette technologie un levier de l’inclusion. Les auteurs de ce texte, en s’appuyant sur plusieurs articles, explorent le développement de la fracture numérique, mais aussi dans quelles conditions ces tic pourraient favoriser l’inclusion sociale.
A Systematic Review of the Experience of Using Second Life in the Education of Undergraduate Nurses
Authors: Irwin Pauletta , Coutts Rosanne
Published: September 2015

Background:

The virtual world of Second Life
®
is an emerging technology that is being considered as a simulation methodology for the education of professionals. Particularly for nursing, the adoption of simulation, although a response to technological advancement, is occurring during changes in population health care needs, the resultant impact on the workforce, and also the changing profile of students.

Method:

This systematic review aimed to establish the current applications of Second Life in the education of undergraduate nursing students. Databases searched were CINAHL
®
, Medline
®
, Education Research Complete
™
, ERIC
™
, Computers and Applied Sciences Complete
™
, and Library, Information Sciences and Technology
™
.

Results:

Fourteen studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Evidence identified included the themes of transferability from theory to practice, focus on learner centeredness, and evaluative processes.

Conclusion:

This review demonstrates that positive learning outcomes are achievable in Second Life. Evaluative research is in an early stage, and further investigation is warranted. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(10):572–577.]
Can Learning the ISBARR Framework Help to Address Nursing Students’ Perceived Anxiety and Confidence Levels Associated With Handover Reports?
Authors: Kostiuk Sarah
Published: September 2015

Background:

Standardized communication frameworks are believed to help students feel more confident and less anxious about handover reports. One of the handover communication frameworks being used in nursing programs was the ISBARR framework (Identify,Situation,Background,Assessment,Recommendation, andRepeat). The aim was to explore whether learning the ISBARR framework affected nursing students’ perceived anxiety and confidence levels associated with handover reports.

Method:

The study tested null hypotheses by analyzing pre- and posttest data collected with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) survey. Three qualitative questions were included in the posttest to compare with the quantitative data. Statistical significance was set atp= .02.

Results:

The results revealed that learning the framework had a strong effect in reducing the perceived somatic anxiety levels, a medium effect on increasing perceived confidence levels, and a medium effect in reducing the perceived cognitive anxiety levels.

Conclusion:

Findings suggested that learning the standardized framework may help to address students’ perceived anxiety and confidence levels associated with handover reports and generate a mental picture of handover reports. [J Nurs Educ.2015;54(10):583–587.]
Evolving the PICOT Method for the Digital Age: The PICOT-D
Authors: Elias Beth L. , Polancich Shea , Jones Carolynn , Colvin Sean
Published: September 2015

Background:

Many articles written about the PICOT (
P
opulation,
I
ntervention,
C
omparison,
O
utcome,
T
ime) method for developing research questions focus on searching the existing evidence base to review the impact of interventions. The PICOT method evolved to craft questions that yield operative search terms. Currently, the PICOT method falls short in its utility for health care and doctoral education. For example, the Doctor of Nursing Practice scholarly practice projects evaluate the existing evidence base and compare the current real-world state with the evidence base, for which the current conceptualization of the PICOT method has limited applicability.

Method:

The PICOT-D adds digital data (D) components to the traditional PICOT, allowing for the explicit identification of data measures that form the basis of the evaluation of an intervention.

Results:

the PICOT-D has the potential to improve student efficiency, efficacy, and confidence in the development of truly answerable questions that fully support improved patient care and systems-level change.

Conclusion:

This article demonstrates the need for the evolution of the PICOT format to the PICOT-D format. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(10):594–599.]
Criteria for sustainable fisheries on juveniles illustrated for Mediterranean hake: control the juvenile harvest, and safeguard spawning refugia to rebuild population fecundity
Authors: Caddy John F.
Published: September 2015

The paper provides a broad overview of issues relevant to management of fisheries for juvenile fish in contrast to the many stock assessments following Beverton and Holt’s (1957) approach for rational exploitation of mature fishes. A perspective on assessing these fisheries is illustrated for juvenile European hake, Merluccius merluccius, in the northwestern Mediterranean. Here, a constant natural mortality (M) assumption is incorrect, as is the assumption that high fecundities are necessarily adequate for stock replacement. The high Ms-at-age for juveniles generated by the reciprocal model are shown to be a logical counterpart to the high fecundity of hake. Charnov’s criterion of intergenerational reproductive replacement is used to test for a sustainable population, analogous to a limit reference point warning of the dangers of overfishing beyond population replacement. Once peak mortality rates of age 2 hake exceed F(2)=1.1-1.2, which is currently the case, reproductive replacement may be at risk. Adult exploitation by inshore trawls is low, and maturing hake surviving the fine-mesh trawl fishery migrate offshore with a reduced vulnerability to fine-mesh gears. Early research suggested that rough bottom near the shelf edge once formed a refugium protecting offshore spawners from trawling, and led to abundant recruitment of juveniles nearer shore. It may not do so if offshore fishing effort by reinforced bottom trawls, gill nets and longlines is uncontrolled. Restoring offshore refugia to protect spawners and controlling peak fishing mortality of juveniles would be a precautionary strategy aimed at restoring previous levels of recruitment to the small-mesh trawl fishery.
Answer to H.-J. Rätz’s comment on my paper “Criteria for sustainable fisheries on juveniles illustrated for Mediterranean hake: control the juvenile harvest, and safeguard spawning refugia to rebuild population fecundity”
Authors: Caddy John F.
Published: September 2015

Not available
Factors that Influence the Application of Web 2.0 Based Techniques for Instructional Purposes – A Case Study
Authors: Batsila Marianthi , Tsihouridis Charilaos , Vavougios Dennis , Ioannidis George
Published: September 2015

This paper aims at investigating the factors which influence instructors of primary and secondary education into using Web 2.0 based teaching techniques in their teaching now and in the future. Two hundred and fifty three teachers participated in a survey conducted with a quantitative research method followed by short interviews for clarification purposes in the research area. The results showed that both gender and teaching experience are factors that influence this attitude, whereas the type of school seems to have no influence on educators’ decision to employ such tools in their teaching practices.
Application in the Training of Automatic Weather Station Based on Web3D Technology
Authors: Yang Rui , Fan WenJie , Sun Jingrong
Published: September 2015

Automatic weather station, one of the most significant observation instruments in China, has several particular characteristics, including precise parts, complex structure and various failures. Traditional training mode always relies on physical instruments which need large amounts of investment with long update cycle. During process of training, it is subject to making damage to instruments and trainees, which leads to ineffective even terminated training. Therefore, one new training mode is badly in need. Based on Web3D technology, this paper proposes one feasible virtual training application which takes into account particular characteristics of training for automatic weather station. It also describes an overall training plan, technology architecture, major module design and detailed implementation. This application has filled the blank of virtual Web3D training for automatic weather station, and opened up one new training approach. Also, the application scope of Web3D technology has been extended, especially into virtual training of specialized instruments.
Flow Paths: A Standalone Tangible Board System to Create Educational Games
Authors: Barredo Alejandro , Garaizar Pablo
Published: September 2015

Educational mobile apps are ubiquitous these days. Despite of their huge commercial success, parents and children realized that physical objects manipulation requires a different set of skills, often developed using traditional toys. A century ago, Montessori proposed a methodology that emphasizes the use of physical materials to facilitate self-learning of abstract concepts. Self-correcting Montessori's materials allow learners to improve autonomously in a structured environment. In the same vein, Flow Paths provides a standalone tangible board system to create educational games.
Evaluation Grid for xMOOCs
Authors: Khalil Mohammad , Brunner Hubert , Ebner Martin
Published: September 2015

Massive Open Online Courses, shortly MOOCs, are a phenomenon nowadays. The number of courses is worldwide steadily increasing since Sebastian Thrun has offered a free online course for more than 100.000 students. Nowadays, decision makers and students as well as lecturers are asking about the quality of such courses. After a live experiment on 15 randomly chosen courses and a brief literature review, we discuss the possibility of finding an evaluation grid for xMOOCs. The finally suggested criteria can be used now for future investigations.
Massive Development of E-Testing Questions
Authors: Ristov Sasko , Gusev Marjan , Armenski Goce
Published: September 2015

This paper presents several techniques and strategies for massive e-testing questions generation. These techniques can be used to develop a large set of questions and assessment content. A pilot project is presented in achieved speedup of questing development for single- and multiple-choice questions, as well as questions with two options (true/false).