bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As Agências Reguladoras Federais e os Canais de Controle e Participação da Sociedade
Authors: Albuquerque Junior Antonio Eduardo de , Machado Kaliane Caldas de Brito , Fernandes Gustavo Levi Tourinho , Santos Ernani Marques dos
Published: April 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as principais características das agências reguladoras federais brasileiras que são especificados nas leis correspondentes de sua criação e decretos. O documento destaca os canais legais de controle social e participação da sociedade na formulação de regras e decisões das agências. O artigo também identifica como esses canais estão disponíveis em seus sites, mostrando como esses canais são efetivamente utilizados nas consultas públicas realizadas via agências. Como resultados, a pesquisa mostra que há o chamado deficit democrático dos reguladores brasileiros e as leis e decretos de criação e regulamentação das agências reguladoras não têm previsão legal para controle social para todas as agências. Apesar de a internet ser uma maneira poderosa para promover o controle democrático e social, nem todos os sites de agências reguladoras federais fornecem as informações necessárias para que a sociedade possa exercer seus direitos.
Um diálogo entre a modernidade líquida, o gerencialismo e a dinâmica do reconhecimento
Authors: Linhares Antonio Roziano Ponte
Published: April 2016

Os trabalhadores se defrontam com a emergência de um mundo líquido que se caracteriza pela precariedade das condições de trabalho, incerteza, fluidez e dinamismo, cenário que o gerencialismo propõe gerir pela adoção de práticas e pressupostos que impõe sofrimento e adoecimento aos trabalhadores, razão por que propomos um diálogo, à luz da Sociologia Clínica e da Psicodinâmica do trabalho, entre a modernidade líquida, o gerencialismo e dinâmica do reconhecimento, de forma a identificar o papel do reconhecimento perante o mundo líquido e os apelos de simplificação da realidade adotados pelo gerencialismo. A partir da análise realizada concluímos que o reconhecimento se revela alternativa ao gerencialismo, já que se constitui elo integrador da personalidade humana que viabiliza a conquista da identidade no social, a reconstrução do tecido social, a viagem do sofrimento ao prazer e a instituição do trabalho equilibrante, gerador de sentido do trabalho, fonte de bem-estar e saúde.
Wheat Yield Response and Plant Structure Following Increased Nitrogen Rates and Plant Growth Regulator Applications in Kentucky
Authors: Knott Carrie A. , Van Sanford David A. , Ritchey Edwin L. , Swiggart Ethan
Published: April 2016

To increase wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in Kentucky, many producers are increasing nitrogen (N) rates to 160 or 180 lb N/acre and applying a plant growth regulator (PGR) to reduce plant height and lodging. Replicated field trials were established in three environments (Princeton 2014, Princeton 2015, Lexington 2015) to determine whether increased nitrogen rates and/or PGR applications increase yield or alter the structure of the wheat plant. Five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 lb N/acre), three cultivars (Pioneer Brand 25R32, Pembroke 2014, Truman), and two PGR treatments (nontreated control, Palisade EC [12.5 oz/acre]) were evaluated. The PGR treatment consistently increased the number of spikelets head−1; however, grain yield was not increased. Plant height was reduced in two environments (Princeton 2014, Lexington 2015) following the PGR treatment. Height reductions were more pronounced in environments with unusually cold winter and early‐spring temperatures in which untreated wheat was already significantly shorter than years with less severe winter and spring temperatures. Stem diameter increases were observed when wheat height was not shortened. Grain yield of Pembroke 2014 increased as N rates increased; maximum grain yield for the other two cultivars was achieved at 100 lb N/acre. These results indicate that the PGR did not consistently reduce plant height or increase grain yield.
Predicting Phosphorus Release from Anaerobic, Alkaline, Flooded Soils
Authors: Amarawansha Geethani , Kumaragamage Darshani , Flaten Don , Zvomuya Francis , Tenuta Mario
Published: April 2016

Anaerobic conditions induced by prolonged flooding often lead to an enhanced release of phosphorus (P) to floodwater; however, this effect is not consistent across soils. This study aimed to develop an index to predict P release potential from alkaline soils under simulated flooded conditions. Twelve unamended or manure‐amended surface soils from Manitoba were analyzed for basic soil properties, Olsen P (Ols‐P), Mehlich‐3 extractable total P (M3PICP), Mehlich‐3 extractable molybdate‐reactive P (M3PMRP), water extractable P (WEP), soil P fractions, single‐point P sorption capacity (P150), and Mehlich‐3 extractable Ca (M3Ca), and Mg (M3Mg). Degree of P saturation (DPS) was calculated using Ols‐P, M3PICP or M3PMRP as the intensity factor, and an estimated adsorption maximum based on either P150 or M3Ca + M3Mg as the capacity factor. To develop the model, we used the previously reported floodwater dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentration changes during 8 wk of flooding for the same unamended and manured soils. Relative changes in floodwater DRP concentration (DRPratio), calculated as the ratio of maximum to initial DRP concentration, ranged from 2 to 15 across ten of the soils, but were ≤1.5 in the two soils with the greatest clay content. Partial least squares analysis indicated that DPS3 calculated using M3PICP as the intensity factor and (2 × P150) + M3PICP as the capacity factor with clay percentage can effectively predict DRPratio (r2 = 0.74). Results suggest that P release from a soil to floodwater may be predicted using simple and easily measurable soil properties measured before flooding, but validation with more soils is needed.

Core Ideas

Phosphorus release from flooded soils to overlying water depended on soil properties.

Relative increase in floodwater DRP concentration could be predicted using the model.

Clay percentage and the degree of P saturation influenced P release from flooded soils.
Canopy Height and Nitrogen Affect Herbage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Grazing Efficiency of ‘Mulato II’ Brachiariagrass
Authors: Silva Valdson J. , Pedreira Carlos G.S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Silva Liliane S. , Yasuoka Júnior I. , Almeida Ianê C.L.
Published: April 2016

Brachiaria sp. grasses are widely used in planted pastures in Brazil. ‘Mulato II’ is a productive Brachiaria hybrid (B. ruziziensis × B. decumbens × B. brizantha) with high nutritive value, but it has not been evaluated under continuous stocking in Brazil, despite this method being widely used by producers. The objectives of this research were to quantify the effects of three canopy heights (10, 25, and 40 cm), maintained by mimicking continuous stocking, and two N rates (50 and 250 kg ha–1 yr–1) on herbage accumulation (HA), grazing efficiency (GE), and nutritive value of Mulato II during two summer rainy seasons in Piracicaba, Brazil. The N rates were chosen so that canopy height effects could be evaluated under distinctly different grass growth rates. Grass HA increased linearly (8640 to 13,400 kg DM ha–1 yr–1), in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM) decreased linearly (652 to 586 g kg–1), and GE decreased (linear and quadratic; 65 to 44%) as canopy height increased. There were no height × N rate interactions for these responses. Mulato II was less productive (7940 vs. 13 380 kg ha–1 yr–1) and had lesser IVDOM (581 vs. 652 g kg–1) at the lower N rate. Thus, although GE and IVDOM were greatest for 10 cm, HA was 36% less for the 10‐ than the 40‐cm height, and despite greatest HA occurring at 40 cm, both GE and IVDOM were greater at shorter heights. These data suggest that ∼25‐cm canopy height is optimal for continuously stocked Mulato II.
Indtroduction To Research Methodologies In Language Studies
Authors: Muhartoyo Muhartoyo
Published: April 2016

Penelitian bahasa merupakan bidang yang menarik bagi mahasiswa dan pengajar di Fakultas Sastra. Artikel ini mencoba menggambarkan berbagai metodologi riset dalam bidang bahasa dengan cara yang sederhana. Metodologi riset ini mencakup experimental research, quasi experimental research, etnografi, dan studi kasus. Artikel ini juga membahas konsep metode riset kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Masalah validitas dan keabsahan sebuah laporan riset dibahas secara singkat.
Tindak Tutur Memohon dalam Bahasa Jepang (Irai): Analisis Skenario Drama Televisi Jepang Love Story Karya Eriko Kitagawa
Authors: Susanti Rita
Published: April 2016

The aim of this article was to know the social and cultural factors in the speech acts regarding requests in Japanese. Data were taken from the Japanese drama entitled Love Story. Analysis was done qualitatively by identifying, classifying, and explaining. The result indicated that there were three factors influencing the speech acts of requests in Japanese, those are the situation; the relationship between the speaker and the hearer; and the third is the social status, social interaction, and age. It is concluded that the speech does not mainly concern that the meaning should be easily understood but it also has to consider the socio cultural factor of the spreaker.
Diatesis Pasif Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Astami Timur Sri
Published: April 2016

Article represents passive diathesis which is one of many kinds and function of grammatical analysis. Passive diathesis or mostly known as passive voice is usually used to show a relation between the speaker and his view on something. In Japanese, passive diathesis is divided in three parts such as, kihon teki na ukemi (basic passive voice), mochi mushi ukemi (belonging passive voice), higai no ukemi (loss passive voice), and hijou no ukemi (neutral passive voice). Each passive voice in Japanese has different function and meaning, therefore in teaching Japanese language it should take more exercise and example in order to be more complete and comprehensive.
Bahasa Indonesia: Policy, Implementation, and Planning
Authors: Simanjuntak Risa R.
Published: April 2016

Language policy or language planning is still in the surge for familiarity and importance. However, this paper argues that in the case of Bahasa Indonesia current implementations should be evaluated based on its relevance and future plan. The historical perspectives will reveal the roots of the current policy and therefore make foundations for further discussions. From the study of literature, this paper is arguing that new paradigm for nationalism, roles in the global competition, as well as regional languages as competitive advantage could be well adopted to nurture a more inclusive and progressive Bahasa Indonesia.
Penggunaan Jodoushi dan Keiyoushi dalam Kalimat pada Komik Doraemon Seri 25-35
Authors: Nadya Frieska Sekar
Published: April 2016

Every language in many countries has its own uniqueness to express wish. In Indonesian, the word “ingin” means want to, or wish to. But in Japanese, there are two classes of word, both have meaning of want or wish. They are jodoushi「～たい」and keiyoushi「ほしい」. These two classes of word usually people find when learning Japanese, especially when reading Japanese comics for children. Therefore, in order to be able to differ the use of those two classes of word and the use of their sentences pattern, as well as the analysis, this research uses Doraemon vol.25-35. As for analyzing　all the data, the use of theories from Tomita Takayuki, Seichi Makino and Michio Tsutsui, Naomi Hanaoka McGloin, and also Fumiko Koide will suit them respectively.
Similarities and Disparities of Ghosts in Eastern and Western Literature Based the Novels Liaozhai Zhiyi, Dracula, dan a Christamas Carol
Authors: Tjong Cendrawaty , Sunggiardi Raina Ophelia , Vania Vania
Published: April 2016

Ghosts is one of life unexplained phenomena also interesting theme for entertainment and literature materials. Every nation have their own ghost literature that reflects the nation’s view on ghost itself. This article compares China’s Liaozhai Zhiyi, Western’s Dracula and A Christmas Carol as representations of both culture. The writer through desktop study method found that culture influenced and shaped ghost image in the mind of novel writer. This leads to different image of ghost in the two cultures. The results is: ghost in two cultures appear mostly in the night time, have different types and classifications, different physical images, different way of thinking and how to handle ghosts.
Analysis Zhang Ailing’s Novel (Red Rose And White Rose) Image Of The Characters And Story Plot
Authors: Yetty Yetty , Rosemary Rosemary
Published: April 2016

Zhang Ailing is a heterogeneous novel writer in China literature’s history. Almost of her life, she already wrote so many literature’s works. One of her famous novel is (Red Rose and White Rose). The story is describe the image of main figure’s character and his emotional. Writer wants use the characterization, complexity of personality and story plot these three aspect to analysis the novel’s figure looks, figure character and the story. This novel story is a complication relationship between the man and two women, red roses as her lover and white rose as her wife. About a man that in his standard life and emotional condition occur some contradiction. Writer use reference material and theory of novel writing to analysis Zhang Ailing (Red Rose and White Rose)‘s novel. The result of this analisys are the most important part in novel’s story is not only about the story plot but also the describtion of figure looks and characterization. Zhang Ailing in (Red rose and white rose) descbribtion is very spesific, the story become so interesting because of the Complementary of the figure looks, figure characterization and story plot, embraced each other, fully reflects the fictional reality of compromise and frustration.
Saying I Know You – Conversational Analysis On Internet-Chatting By Dating Couples –
Authors: Chijiiwa Hiroaki
Published: April 2016

In casual conversations, Japanese people do not refer to their intimacies saying “We are close this much.” It is difficult to create special scales for intimacies because the term of “Intimacy” is too abstract and vague. However, don’t Japanese people really scale their intimacies during their conversations? In this study, the researcher aimed to describe strategies of intimacies in Japanese using method of Conversational Analysis onto dating couple’s casual internet chat data and analyzed “how people show their intimacies to opponent through the conversations.” For conclusion we can say; Japanese people tend to say “I know you” in indirect way to emphasize the opponent’s “the illusion of transparency”.
Majas Eufimisme Dalam Kamigata Rakugo Karya Katsura Beicho
Authors: Novianti Nalti
Published: April 2016

Euphimisme merupakan sebuah majas yang bertujuan untuk menghaluskan satu ucapan agar petutur tidak perlu mendengarkan kata-kata tabu atau kasar. Selain itu majas inipun bertujuan untuk memperkecil perasaan tidak nyaman petutur saat sedang melakukan tindak komunikasi. Artikel menjelaskan penelitian yang membahas masalah eufimisme melalui sebuah cerita humor Jepang, yaitu Rakugo karya Katsura Beichoo yang berjudul Aizo moyo. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui sejauh mana eufimisme dapat digunakan untuk menarik unsur humor dari cerita yang disajikan. Rakugo daerah Kansai atau sering disebut dengan Kamigata rakugo, ceritanya banyak dilatarbelakangi oleh budaya Kansai yang kental dengan budaya perdagangan. Osaka sejak dulu terkenal sebagai kota perdagangan yang diwarnai hubungan sosial yang vertikal, dengan tipisnya hubungan hierarki antara atasan dan bawahan. Sementara di daerah Tokyo hubungan sosial antar manusianya lebih ke arah hierarki tinggi yang mengusung ketat hubungan atasan dan bawahan. Karena itulah budaya Osaka lebih kental dengan berbagai problem manusia yang tidak mementingkan hierarki, dan justru itulah yang membuat budaya Osaka kaya akan warna, dan disebut dengan “Wahha Bunka“ atau budaya ketawa ala Osaka. Untuk meneliti eufimisme dalam unsur humor ini, penulis menggunakan teori relevansi dari Sperber dan Wilson (1991). Kemudian untuk menemukan unsur humornya digunakan teori Raskin (1996), yang didukung oleh Ross (1998).
Pendekatan Story Telling Dalam Pembelajaran Dokkai: Penelitian Terhadap Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Juangsih Juju
Published: April 2016

The research was conducted in accordance with the phenomenon occurred in Dokkai learning in which the students show lack understanding on reading. The aims of the research are: (1) to obtain clear description of the findings comprehensively about the reality in Dokkai learning of the students of JPBJ FPBS UPI as the learning goals through the story telling approach; (2) to figure out the difficulties and factors influencing the low level of understanding Japanese reading (Dokkai). The population of the research is the third semester students of Japanese Education Department FPBS UPI Bandung as 19 students taken randomly from Chuukyuu Dokkai I course. Qualitative method is employed using quasi experimental design. Thus, in the research, there is no control group as the comparing class. From the result of data analysis, we find that (1) according to the questionnaire result, 90% of the respondents respond that the story telling approach in Dokkai course is interesting; (2) the students must be able to comprehend the reading text and then retell it; (3) the class becomes more active and effective.
Finite element model for femtosecond laser pulse heating using dual phase lag effect
Authors: Kumar S. , Bag S. , Baruah M.
Published: April 2016

The ultrashort pulse laser in material processing of micro/nanoscale has emerged as a useful application due to its capability of high precision control on heating and heat affected zone. The non-Fourier effect in heat conduction becomes more predominant as the duration of heating becomes extremely small which is the case of ultrashort pulse laser. To analyze the heat transfer process by an ultrashort pulse laser, a three dimensional finite element based numerical model is developed assuming finite speed of thermal wave propagation with two phase lags. The present work also describes the finite element formulation using phase lag boundary conditions. The numerical model is developed indigenously using an Intel fortran compiler. The transient heating and cooling phenomena are analyzed for the effect of two relaxation times, variation of pulse width, and multiple pulses. The model results are validated with ultrashort pulse laser heating of a thin gold film. The accuracy of the computed results shows promising application of the developed numerical model for differential influence of process parameters in micro/nano scale heat transport by ultrashort pulse laser processing.
Sharing data improves monitoring of trans‐boundary populations: the case of wolverines in central Scandinavia
Authors: Gervasi Vincenzo , Br⊘seth Henrik , Gimenez Olivier , Nilsen Erlend B. , Odden John , Flagstad Øystein , Linnell John D. C.
Published: April 2016

Populations of wide‐ranging species are likely to extend across multiple jurisdictions, including national and international borders. This requires that local institutions implement data sharing and a standardization of monitoring designs. However, a formal evaluation of the benefits of integrated monitoring systems had not, of yet, been performed. Using the wolverines in central Scandinavia as a study case, we assessed the benefits of data sharing for the monitoring of trans‐boundary populations. We also assessed the performance of two demographic monitoring systems, one relying on a count of reproductive units, the other resulting from non‐invasive genetic sampling and capture‐recapture modeling. Sharing data across the border between Norway and Sweden allowed a strong increase in the precision of population size, population growth rate and vital rates estimates. It also allowed revealing that the probability to emigrate from Sweden to Norway was significantly higher than in the opposite direction, a required condition for the existence of a source—sink dynamics. These findings would have been impossible without trans‐boundary data sharing. While the den count monitoring provided an estimated population growth of 138% over the 12‐year period, the DNA‐based estimate was only 72%. A positive trend likely occurred in the detectability of wolverine dens during the first years of the study, and the index was not able to separate the actual demographic trend from the trend in the system's ability to detect reproductions, thus providing positively biased estimates of population growth rate during the initial phase of the study. Data sharing is a crucial need for the study of the processes occurring in trans‐boundary populations. It should be enhanced wherever trans‐boundary ecological processes occur. Also, managers should be aware that count‐based monitoring has a risk of overestimating population growth during the first years after its implementation.
Forest specialist and generalist small mammals in forest edges and hedges
Authors: Schlinkert Hella , Ludwig Martin , Batáry Péter , Holzschuh Andrea , Kovács‐Hostyánszki Anikó , Tscharntke Teja , Fischer Christina
Published: April 2016

Agricultural intensification often leads to fragmentation of natural habitats, such as forests, and thereby negatively affects forest specialist species. However, human introduced habitats, such as hedges, may counteract negative effects of forest fragmentation and increase dispersal, particularly of forest specialists. We studied effects of habitat type (forest edge versus hedge) and hedge isolation from forests (connected versus isolated hedge) in agricultural landscapes on abundance, species richness and community composition of mice, voles and shrews in forest edges and hedges. Simultaneously to these effects of forest edge/hedge type we analysed impacts of habitat structure, namely percentage of bare ground and forest edge/hedge width, on abundance, species richness and community composition of small mammals. Total abundance and forest specialist abundance (both driven by the most abundant species Myodes glareolus, bank vole) were higher in forest edges than in hedges, while hedge isolation had no effect. In contrast, abundance of habitat generalists was higher in isolated compared to connected hedges, with no effect of habitat type (forest edge versus hedge). Species richness as well as abundance of the most abundant habitat generalist Sorex araneus (common shrew), were not affected by habitat type or hedge isolation. Decreasing percentage of bare ground and increasing forest edge/hedge width was associated with increased abundance of forest specialists, while habitat structure was unrelated to species richness or abundance of any other group. Community composition was driven by forest specialists, which exceeded habitat generalist abundance in forest edges and connected hedges, while abundances were similar to each other in isolated hedges. Our results show that small mammal forest specialists prefer forest edges as habitats over hedges, while habitat generalists are able to use unoccupied ecological niches in isolated hedges. Consequently even isolated hedges can be marginal habitats for forest specialists and habitat generalists and thereby may increase regional farmland biodiversity.
Selecting the Correct Model for Project Evaluation: Comment on Impact of Sustainable Soil Management Practices on Household Food Security In Ramechhap District, Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Krishna Prasad
Published: April 2016

Conservation practices such as sustainable soil management (SSM) and no-tillage may increase production and productivity, which may help reduce food insecurity in household levels. Koirala et al. (2014) showed that the SSM practices have a high positive impact on food security and income in Ramechhap, Nepal. However, the impact of the SSM practices on food security and income were highly overestimated. Further, they did not explain how the impact of other factors on household food security and income are held constant to evaluate the impact of the SSM practices. This paper argues that the estimate of the impact of SSM practices on food security by Koirala et al. (2014) is highly upward biased due to the same unobserved factors affecting participation on the SSM practices and food security. This study shows an alternative method: an endogenous treatment effects model, which correctly estimates the impact of the SSM practices on food security. In addition, some issues that may affect food security and income measures associating with data collection are discussed. Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-3, issue-2: 81-86
Marketing Communication Mix of Government of Rajasthan for Various Healthcare and Family Welfare Schemes: A Case Study of Western Rural Rajasthan
Authors: Kalla Neelam
Published: April 2016

For a marketing professional both promotion and communications are essential. In fact, without effective marketing communications the consumer stay uninformed of products and services they need, which can be satisfying their needs and necessities competently. Past researches show that the key factor behind the failure to implement the schemes effectively is lack of awareness among the potential beneficiaries. In the present study research has undertaken an endeavor to analyze the prevailing means and channels of communication and investigate their effectiveness. The paper discusses the effectiveness of various communication channels, and agents operating in rural areas of western Rajasthan for government healthcare and welfare schemes. The paper also discusses the strategic interventions and the necessary changes based on results of study which need to be incorporated to enhance the effectiveness of communication mix of Government programs. Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-3, issue-2: 135-140
Student Perceptions of the Use of a Laser Pointer for Intra-Operative Guidance in Feline Castration
Authors: Badman Märit , Höglund Katja , Höglund Odd V.
Published: April 2016

In veterinary clinical education, students perform surgery under guided supervision. This study aimed to determine if students' perception of how well they understood verbal guidance could be improved by using a laser pointer during feline castration. It was assumed that a teacher's use of a laser pointer could help students identify structures of importance during surgery. The hypothesis was that use of a laser pointer would improve student understanding of verbal guidance during surgery. Eighteen privately owned male cats were electively neutered by fourth- and fifth-year veterinary students at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. Each student performed orchiectomy on one cat. One testis was removed while the student received verbal guidance combined with a laser pointer, and the other testis was removed while the student received only verbal guidance. The use of a laser pointer alternated between first and second testis. After surgery, students rated how well they understood verbal guidance on a visual-analog scale (100 mm) for each instructional method. The two ratings were compared in a student's two-sided t-test. The median score with or without guidance with a laser pointer was 81 (59–96) and 54 (25–86), respectively (p<.001). This study showed that laser pointers enhanced verbal guidance given to students during surgery. The suggested mechanism of explanation is that the technology enabled a more precise guidance of location and identification of anatomic structures.
Growth kinetics of boride layers formed on GGG 40.3 ductile iron
Authors: Ünal Fatma , Topuz Ahmet
Published: April 2016

In this study, kinetics of boride layers formed on the surface of ferritic GGG 40.3 ductile iron were investigated by conducting a series of experiments in Ekabor I powder at 850, 900 and 950 °C treatment temperature for 1, 2 and 4 h by using Ekabor I powder. Also, box boronizing was carried out at 950 °C for 4 h with Ekabor II powder to investigate effect of powder size. At the same time, it has been investigated whether or not iron boride layers were obtained using different powder mixtures instead of commercial powder (SiC + KBF4 + B4C). Also, the 85 wt.-% B4C + 15 wt.-% Na2CO3 powder mixture has been used. The study was aimed to inhibit the release of fluorine gas and to perform environmentally friendly working. After the experiments, it turned out that the depth of boride layers depending on treatment temperature and time ranged from 38 to 198 μm. The presence of borides were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A saw tooth shape morphology of boride layers has been detected in optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
Tribological behavior of Al2O3 and B4C particle-reinforced copper matrix investigated by the Taguchi method
Authors: Şahin Yusuf , Öksüz K. Emre
Published: April 2016

There are many technical applications in which wear is a critical issue. Copper can be filled with particulate materials to enhance the tribological behavior, mechanical and physical properties as well. Copper matrix containing 10 vol.-% Al2O3 and B4C particles were produced using the powder metallurgy method and their dry wear behavior was investigated at different sliding conditions against a hardened alloy steel counterface using Taguchi technique. Four control factors like lubrication, load, sliding distance and hardness were designed in a L18 factorial orthogonal array for the experiments to investigate the wear behavior of the metal matrix composites. Moreover, a correlation derived from the results of Taguchi experimental design was proposed, resulting in a predictive equation for estimation of these properties. The experimental results showed that the weight loss was highly influenced by the lubrication factor, followed by the load factor. However, these were then followed by hardness and sliding distance. The estimated weight loss was calculated and a good agreement was observed between the predicted and actual weight loss at a confidence level of 90%. The wear resistance was significantly better for B4C particle-reinforced composites than that for the Al2O3 particle-reinforced composites. Moreover, the results were approved by scanning electron microscope micrographs of worn surfaces of the samples.
In the Shadow of Akimbo Corporatism: Arched Athleticism and the Becoming-Human of ‘a People’
Authors: Golding Johnny
Published: April 2016

The importance of Deleuze and Deleuze and Guattari's development of ‘encounter’ is brought into sharp relief as key to the notion of ‘athleticism’. Here, each is developed as indispensable to the other, forming an a-radical/ana-material groundless ground to power, politics, literary sensibility, indeed sense itself. This nuanced encounter produces an acephaletic knowledge, a body-knowledge, without the Ego-I. In an age of massifying systems, drone warfare and horrific migrations, where corporate tentacles bend the rules akimbo, one finds that this turn to a Deleuzian athleticism offers a different kind of political analysis, a radical difference, which, despite (or because of) the odds, enables a politics of hope and indeed, of a ‘becoming-human’.
Estimation of Tsunami Bore Forces on a Coastal Bridge Using an Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Mazinani Iman , Ismail Zubaidah , Shamshirband Shahaboddin , Hashim Ahmad , Mansourvar Marjan , Zalnezhad Erfan
Published: April 2016

This paper proposes a procedure to estimate tsunami wave forces on coastal bridges through a novel method based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and laboratory experiments. This research included three water depths, ten wave heights, and four bridge models with a variety of girders providing a total of 120 cases. The research was designed and adapted to estimate tsunami bore forces including horizontal force, vertical uplift and overturning moment on a coastal bridge. The experiments were carried out on 1:40 scaled concrete bridge models in a wave flume with dimensions of 24 m × 1.5 m × 2 m. Two six-axis load cells and four pressure sensors were installed to the base plate to measure forces. In the numerical procedure, estimation and prediction results of the ELM model were compared with Genetic Programming (GP) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) models. The experimental results showed an improvement in predictive accuracy, and capability of generalization could be achieved by the ELM approach in comparison with GP and ANN. Moreover, results indicated that the ELM models developed could be used with confidence for further work on formulating novel model predictive strategy for tsunami bore forces on a coastal bridge. The experimental results indicated that the new algorithm could produce good generalization performance in most cases and could learn thousands of times faster than conventional popular learning algorithms. Therefore, it can be conclusively obtained that utilization of ELM is certainly developing as an alternative approach to estimate the tsunami bore forces on a coastal bridge.
Population Structure in the Model Grass Brachypodium distachyon Is Highly Correlated with Flowering Differences across Broad Geographic Areas
Authors: Tyler Ludmila , Lee Scott J. , Young Nelson D. , DeIulio Gregory A. , Benavente Elena , Reagon Michael , Sysopha Jessica , Baldini Riccardo M. , Troìa Angelo , Hazen Samuel P. , Caicedo Ana L.
Published: April 2016

The small, annual grass Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv., a close relative of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), is a powerful model system for cereals and bioenergy grasses. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of natural variation can elucidate the genetic basis of complex traits but have been so far limited in B. distachyon by the lack of large numbers of well‐characterized and sufficiently diverse accessions. Here, we report on genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) of 84 B. distachyon, seven B. hybridum, and three B. stacei accessions with diverse geographic origins including Albania, Armenia, Georgia, Italy, Spain, and Turkey. Over 90,000 high‐quality single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across the Bd21 reference genome were identified. Our results confirm the hybrid nature of the B. hybridum genome, which appears as a mosaic of B. distachyon‐like and B. stacei‐like sequences. Analysis of more than 50,000 SNPs for the B. distachyon accessions revealed three distinct, genetically defined populations. Surprisingly, these genomic profiles are associated with differences in flowering time rather than with broad geographic origin. High levels of differentiation in loci associated with floral development support the differences in flowering phenology between B. distachyon populations. Genome‐wide association studies combining genotypic and phenotypic data also suggest the presence of one or more photoperiodism, circadian clock, and vernalization genes in loci associated with flowering time variation within B. distachyon populations. Our characterization elucidates genes underlying population differences, expands the germplasm resources available for Brachypodium, and illustrates the feasibility and limitations of GWAS in this model grass.
HST STIS OBSERVATIONS OF THE MIXING LAYER IN THE CAT’S EYE NEBULA*
Authors: Fang Xuan , Guerrero Martín A. , Toalá Jesús A. , Chu You-Hua , Gruendl Robert A.
Published: April 2016

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are expected to have a ∼105 K interface layer between the

≥

106 K inner hot bubble and the ∼104 K optical nebular shell. The PN structure and evolution, and the X-ray emission, depend critically on the efficiency of the mixing of material at this interface layer. However, neither its location nor its spatial extent have ever been determined. Using high-spatial resolution HST STIS spectroscopic observations of the N v

λ
λ

1239,1243 lines in the Cat’s Eye Nebula (NGC 6543), we have detected this interface layer and determined its location, extent, and physical properties for the first time in a PN. We confirm that this interface layer, as revealed by the spatial distribution of the N v
λ1239 line emission, is located between the hot bubble and the optical nebular shell. We estimate a thickness of

1.5
×

10

16

cm and an electron density of ∼200 cm−3 for the mixing layer. With a thermal pressure of ∼2 × 10−8 dyn cm−2, the mixing layer is in pressure equilibrium with the hot bubble and ionized nebular rim of NGC 6543.
Penser en accord avec soi-même
Authors: Smilevitch Eric
Published: April 2016

Il est acquis qu’un sujet est légalement responsable de ses actes et de ses discours, pour autant qu’ils portent socialement ou politiquement à conséquence. C’est l’unique forme de responsabilité que reconnaît le monde contemporain, formé à l’autorité de la loi. L’idée kantienne qu’il existe des « commandements » intellectuels est d’une autre teneur. Elle pose le principe d’une souveraineté spirituelle et non légale. Pour autant que, de ce que l’on pense, résulte toujours quelque conséquence, un sujet se voit enjoint de tirer jusqu’aux dernières implications de sa pensée. Soumis à la seule loi de son esprit, il est convoqué à l’exercice d’une pensée « conséquente ». Façon de dire qu’une pensée doit forcément rendre aussi quelque compte. Mais à qui ? Et que signifie « à soi-même » ?
Le contournement de la loi est-il hypocrite ?
Authors: Goltzberg Stefan
Published: April 2016

Un phénomène intéressant apparaît dans de multiples cultures juridiques : afin de concilier la lettre de la loi et son esprit, certaines lois sont contournées – légalement. Ce contournement, qui consiste à vider la loi de son esprit tout en faisant mine de respecter sa formulation (un loophole en anglais), pose d’un point de vue éthique la question de savoir s’il n’y a pas là hypocrisie. La loi juive est ici étudiée car les contournements qu’elle autorise sont critiqués par ses détracteurs, mais également de l’intérieur : tous les contournements ne sont pas approuvés, loin s’en faut. Le présent texte, qui se veut seulement exploratoire, essaie de montrer quels contournements sont autorisés et pour quelles raisons.
Fiabilité, propreté, coût : les défis du secteur de l’électricité au Brésil
Authors: Le Tourneau François-Michel
Published: April 2016

Depuis dix ans, la matrice de production électrique du Brésil connaît d’importants changements visant à mettre en place un système « hydrothermique » capable de répondre de manière fiable aux contraintes naturelles. Mais ce système est-il encore « propre » et peu onéreux ? Pour examiner cette question, nous proposons un regard géographique sur la production d’électricité au Brésil. Nous décrirons dans un premier temps comment le système énergétique national s’est constitué et comment il a fait le choix de l’hydroélectricité comme source principale. Nous montrons ensuite en quoi la région amazonienne constitue aujourd’hui une nouvelle frontière énergétique et les questions posées sur le plan environnemental. Nous essayerons enfin de voir comment les différents facteurs que nous mettons à jour jouent sur la fiabilité, le prix ou le caractère écologique de la production d’électricité globale du pays.
Le dévoilé du discours capitaliste
Authors: Sidoit Véronique
Published: April 2016

L’auteur s’attache à articuler la destruction opérée par le régime khmer rouge et l’expansion d’un capitalisme sauvage avec une corruption endémique dans le Cambodge de nos jours, en posant l’hypothèse d’un démenti porté sur le réel du génocide khmer rouge comme lien. Pour ce faire, elle déplie les atteintes portées au langage, à sa fonction, et les effets de ces atteintes quant au lien social actuel. Le démenti de la cruauté humaine fait retour dans la corruption, corruption économique et financière qui éclaire de façon manifeste le discours capitaliste, et corruption qui a trait à l’utilisation de l’être humain comme objet de jouissance.
The effects of innovation on firm performance of supporting industries in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Nham , Nhan Nguyen , Giang Pham , Ngoc Nguyen
Published: April 2016

Purpose: Innovation, including product, process, marketing, and organizational innovation within a firm, is considered as one of essential component for surviving and growing. These innovation activities create value and competitive advantages for successful organizations; therefore, understanding the organization’s overall innovation is the first and foremost to understand the role of innovation on firm performance. The objective of this research is to explore two parts: the impacts of innovation on the different aspect of innovation performance, then their effects to firm performance (production, market, and financial performance).Design/methodology/approach: This study uses primary data from questionnaire survey. The questionnaire involves 4 parts including general information, innovation activities; innovative performance, and firm performance. This research focuses on firms in supporting industries of mechanics, electronics, motorbike and automobile. These firms are in a list of companies (known as The Excellent Vietnamese Companies in Northern and Central Vietnam) established by JETRO and VCCI. There are 150 firms in this list. The questionnaire survey was administered to directors, CEO of those firms during April and May, 2014. Out of the 150 questionnaires sent out, 118 were valid, accounting for 78.7% of the true response rate. Analysis methodologies of reliability, factor analysis and regression are utilized in this paper.Findings: The result demonstrated there are positive effects of process, marketing, and organizational innovations on firm performance in supporting firms. More specifically, the higher the level of innovation activities is, the greater the innovative performance is, which means the larger level of Process, organization and marketing innovation activities are, the higher level of innovative performance are likely to be. Secondly, the higher level of Process, organization and marketing innovative performance, the better level of firm performances is likely to be. To sum up, in order to improve the innovative and firm performance, those firms in supporting industry should highly concentrate on process, marketing, and organizational innovation activities, rather than product innovation activities.Originality/value: Initially, this study applies successfully the model which supposing innovation is a process, then clarifying innovation definition through the impact of innovation activities on innovative performances. Secondly, this research confirmed the positive impact of innovative performances on firm performances. It provided one more empirical evidence of the relationship between innovation and firm performance. For practitioners, organizational innovation and process innovation are more important factors affecting innovative performance and firm performance than product and marketing innovation. Therefore, enterprises should focus and mobilize resources to create improvement in organizational structure and manufacturing processes.
New Faculty Orientation: Discussion of Cultural Competency, Sexual Victimization, and Student Behaviors
Authors: Nelson Amy , Anis-Abdellatif Musheera , Larson June , Mulder Cindy , Wolff Becky
Published: April 2016

In the arena of undergraduate education in health care, orientation programs assist new faculty in transitioning from their role as clinician to educator. However, orientation typically overlooks training in the areas of cultural competency, how to assist students who are victims of sexual assault, and how to handle unprofessional student behaviors. At a large midwestern university, the new faculty orientation program in an interprofessional undergraduate department was expanded to include education in these areas by incorporating case scenarios and discussion sessions. The orientation faculty team included faculty from the areas of medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, public health, and neuropsychiatry. The goal of the enhanced orientation program was to empower new faculty members with the skills and resources they needed to be advocates for students in the areas of cultural competency, sexual victimization, and professional development.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2016;47(5):228–233.
Blogracy
Authors: Franchi Enrico , Poggi Agostino , Tomaiuolo Michele
Published: April 2016

The current approach to build social networking systems is to create huge centralized systems owned by a single company. However, such strategy has many drawbacks, e.g., lack of privacy, lack of anonymity, risks of censorship and operating costs. In this paper the authors propose a novel P2P system that leverages existing, widespread and stable technologies such as DHTs and BitTorrent. In particular, they introduce a key-based identity system and a model of social relations for distributing content efficiently among interested readers. The system they propose, Blogracy, is a micro-blogging social networking system focused on: (i) anonymity and resilience to censorship; (ii) authenticatable content; (iii) semantic interoperability using activity streams. The authors have implemented the system and conducted various experiments to study its behaviour. The results are presented here, regarding (i) communication delays for some simulations of node churn, (ii) delays measured in test operations over PlanetLab, in direct communication, and (iii) through the I2P anonymizing network.
Thermodynamic and Energy Study of a Regenerator in Gas Turbine Cycle and Optimization of Performances
Authors: Abed Saria , Khir Taher , Ben Brahim Ammar
Published: April 2016

In this paper, thermodynamic study of simple and regenerative gas turbine cycles is exhibited. Firstly, thermodynamic models for both cycles are defined; thermal efficiencies of both cycles are determined, the overall heat transfer coefficient through the heat exchanger is calculated in order to determinate its performances and parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of compressor inlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature and compressor pressure ratio on the parameters that measure cycles' performance. Subsequently, numerical optimization is established through EES software to determinate operating conditions. The results of parametric study have shown a significant impact of operating parameters on the performance of the cycle. According to this study, the regeneration technique improves the thermal efficiency by 10%. The studied regenerator has an important effectiveness (˜ 82%) which improves the heat transfer exchange; also a high compressor pressure ratio and an important combustion temperature can increase thermal efficiency.
Visual Comparison of Web Map Changes of Openstreetmap and Commercial Online-Map Providers
Authors: Ćmielová Beata , Pánek Jiří
Published: April 2016

Maps always have and always will have blank spots, but maps are no longer the privilege of paper; they have been moved to the digital environment. How can digital maps fill the empty spaces in the current online and crowdsourcing mapping era? In this paper the authors pose several questions and in the same breath they are aware that some of those questions may not be answered. The paper presents the research note with use of visual comparison method, that may not provide concrete results, but merely a glipse of the situation Who does cover certain areas better – OpenStreetMap or commercial providers? And what does “better” coverage actually mean? Mapping the unmapped is not only a question of spatial literacy, but also part of the GeoParticipation and democratisation process taking place within the digital spatial industry of today. The authors focus their research on three areas (Kibera, Minsk and North Korea). The research covers 18 months of data for three major commercial providers and for one collaborative platform – OpenStreetMap.