bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PCMT1 regulates the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of prostate cancer through modulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway
Authors: Yuan Chao , Liu Lin , Du Yang , Chen Zhiyuan , Wang Lei , Liu Zelin , Diao Changhui , Liu Xiuheng
Published: April 2022

Background
Protein L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase(PCMT1) is a repair enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of isomerized aspartic acid(iso-Asp) residues into their normal structure, thereby restoring the configuration and function of proteins. Studies have shown that PCMT1 is overexpressed in several tumors and affects patients’ prognosis. However, there are few reports on the role of PCMT1 in prostate cancer (PCa).
Methods
The expression of PCMT1 in prostate cancer cell lines was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) and western blot, and the expression of PCMT1 in prostate cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry staining.A Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay, wound-healing assay, transwell migration assay, transwell invasion assay,and flow cytometry assay were conducted to analyze the proliferation, migration, invasion,and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. The expression of relevant genes was detected by western blot.
Results
The results showed that PCMT1 expression was significantly increased in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. In PCa clinical samples, PCMT1 expression was closely related to Gleason score, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and bone metastasis. PCMT1 inhibition significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and promoted apoptosis.We furthermore confirmed that PCMT1 regulated the migration, invasion and apoptosis of PCa cells by modulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT kinase/glycogen-synthase kinase-3β (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β) signaling pathway.
Conclusions
PCMT1 plays a cancer-facilitative role in prostate cancer by promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and inhibiting apoptosis. Therefore, PCMT1 is considered to represent a novel target for treating prostate cancer.
Isobavachalcone Activates Antitumor Immunity on Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Model: A Screening and Validation
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Liu Xuanming , Cao Jianlin , Zhuo Yuzhen , Jin Jiahui , Gao Qiaoying , Yuan Xiangfei , Yang Lei , Li Dihua , Wang Yan
Published: April 2022

Pancreatic cancer accompanies poor prognosis and accounts for a significant number of deaths every year. Due to possessing a broad spectrum of bioactivities such as antioxidant and antitumor activity, Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCL) is widely used in clinical Chinese medicine. In the present work, we explored potential antitumor agents of PCL and underlying mechanisms in vivo and vitro experiments. Based on the integration of network pharmacology, protein-protein interaction network, the expression profile of gene, survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression model, and molecular docking, we considered Isobavachalcone (IBC) as a candidate compound. Subsequently, we confirmed that IBC could inhibit Panc 02 cells proliferation and induce apoptosis via increasing ROS production in vitro. Meanwhile, IBC could attenuate the weight of orthotopic pancreatic cancer in mice, increase CD8+ cells and reduce M2 macrophages polarization in the tumor tissue and spleen. IBC also alleviated the proportion of MDSCs in the tumor tissue but had no change in the spleen. In addition, IBC restrained the polarization of RAW 264.7 cells into M2 macrophages by inhibiting the expression of ARG1 and MRC1 and suppressed the expression of ARG1 and TGF-β in BM-derived MDSCs. Thus, IBC can attenuate orthotopic pancreatic cancer growth via activating immune activity and inducing cell apoptosis. This research could be a reference for the antitumor ability of IBC and the treatment of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.
Effect of different pretreatment methods on classification of serum samples measured with 1 H-NMR
Authors: Mohammadkhani Leila Ghiasvand , Khoshkam Maryam , Kompany-Zareh Mohsen
Published: April 2022

Extracting accurate biological information from complex datasets is a main challenge in 1H-NMR-based metabolomics research. One of the crucial steps to achieve this goal is to apply an appropriate pretreatment method before multivariate data analysis in 1H-NMR based metabolomics studies. One of the most important pretreatment methods in metabolomics studies is scaling techniques. In this study, the effect of different pretreatment approaches such as auto-, pareto-, level-, range- and vast-scaling in addition to mean-centering are investigated on both experimental and simulated datasets. The goal is linear classification modeling of the toxicity induced by different doses of graphene oxide (GO) in metabolomics context, employing partial least squares- discriminant analysis) PLS-DA). The experimental dataset includes 1H-NMR spectra of mice serum samples exposed to different doses of GO nano-sheets. Here, it is shown that type of applied pre-treatment method has a considerable effect on data analysis results. In this study, auto-, pareto- and vast-scaling lead to a better separation of classes using PLS-DA modeling and PCA. From the results of this study, it was concluded that there is no general rule for the selection of the best scaling method in the analysis of 1H-NMR metabolomics datasets, and different ways of scaling should be tested.
Knowledge, Perception, and Practice of Student’s Challenge faced towards COVID-19 at Selected Higher Education Institutions in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional web survey
Authors: Bulto Tadesse Weyuma , Debele Birhanu Negeri , Chebo Abdella Kosa , Juta Getachew Yigezu , Werku Birhanu Chalchisa
Published: April 2022

Covid-19 affects most of higher education group of peoples; students at higher institutions must be equipped with knowledge, perception, and practice on anticipation measures and ways of transmission. The point of this investigation is to determine the level of knowledge, perception, and practices of students toward COVID-19 at selected Ethiopian higher education institutions. A cross-sectional web survey was conducted from August 10, 2020, to August 30, 2020. The instrument consisted of 8 items on Demographic characteristics, 15 items on knowledge, 4 items on perception, 15 items on practices, and 3 items information usages, changed from a formerly published survey on COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted. The result revealed that from the total 342 participants, the majority of students (59.6%) were females, and most of them are young aged below 30 (84.2%). Similarly, most of them were living in Addis Ababa city government 298 (87.1%) and had a degree level of education 244 (71.3%). Most members were likewise playing it safe, for example, staying away from swarms 158 (46.2%) and 83.6% of respondents approached water to wash. In any case, just 37.4% of the respondents have access to infrastructures such as the internet, and 78.4 of the respondent’s approach to laptop or smart-phone. Knowledge, perception, and practice of students play a great role in understanding student’s readiness towards the pandemic of Covid-19. It is also crucial to take actions that help to fight the pandemic. Most of the respondents have access to water for washing, while the majority of them have no sufficient infrastructure for online learning, including the internet, access to laptop, and/or smart-phone during Covid-19. Besides, television and radio, and social media are the most frequently used sources to obtain information about the pandemic.
Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni Instability in a Self-rewetting Fluid Layer Overlying a Porous Medium
Authors: Ouyang Zhen , Liu Rong , Ding Zijing
Published: April 2022

Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni instability in a bilayer system of self-rewetting fluid overlying a porous medium is investigated. The upper surface of the fluid layer is assumed non-deformable and a constant temperature gradient is imposed. Unlike in previous works, self-rewetting fluid is considered in this paper, whose surface tension is a quadratic function of temperature. As a result, it would reinforce or suppress the instability caused by buoyancy in different scenarios. Thorough study is carried out and the influence of depth ratio h, Rayleigh number Ra and Biot number Bi on instability of the system is discussed. It was found that the marginal curve is bimodal in certain combination of parameters and mode transition of convection is also found.
Study of the efficacy of drug-eluting balloons in coronary stenotic lesions combined with distal myocardial bridges
Authors: wu zhihao , Wang Si , Peng Yang-wei , Xie Jun-min , Jia Xin-wei
Published: April 2022

objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons (DCB) in treating coronary artery stenosis combined with a distal myocardial bridge (MB).Methods A total of 67 patients were enrolled with anterior descending coronary artery stenosis >70% combined with distal MB and were randomized into the DCB group (n=33) and the Drug-Eluting Stent (DES) group (n=34). All patients completed PCI under intravascular ultrasound guidance, the operation time, contrast agent dosage, and x-ray radiation dosage was compared between the two groups, observing intraoperative lumen area variations, intimal dissection, and vascular elastic recoil. Coronary angiography was rechecked at 12 months. The major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), hemorrhagic events, and the quantitative coronary angiography analysis results were compared between the two groups.Results The DCB group had less operative time, contrast dosage, and X-ray radiation than the DES group (P<0.05); There was one case of C-type dissection and one case of immediate postoperative vascular elastic recoil, both of which were remedial stent implantation. DES group superior to DCB group for immediate postoperative lumen increase (p<0.001). LLL was significantly smaller in the DCB group than in the DES group (-0.04±0.04 mm vs. 0.18±0.06 mm, p<0.001), and the restenosis was higher in the DES group than in the DCB group (6.7% vs. 26.7%, p=0.038). The MACEs in the DCB group were lower than that in the DES group (9.7% vs. 33.3%, p=0.022), especially rates of TLR (6.5% vs.27.3%,p=0.027); There were no major hemorrhagic events in either group, and mild bleeding event rate between the two groups was not statistically significant(p=0.298).Conclusion Coronary stenosis combined with distal MB is treated safely and effectively with DCB and has better long-term results than DES.
Changes of the Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Qu Xiang , Chen Jinxin , Huang Yuheng , Wu Yanran , Li Junfeng , Ni Weicheng , Lu Yucheng , Li Zhenzhen , Chen Lingzhi , Zhao Chuhuan , Kong Shuting , Zhou Hao
Published: April 2022

Background With the establishment of the cardiac-gut axis concept, increasing evidence has suggested the involvement and important regulatory role of the gut microbiota (GM) in cardiovascular diseases. Whereas, the relationship between GM and atrial fibrillation (AF) still poorly understood.Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in GM between AF patients and healthy controls, and to discover the factors that affecting the changes of GM.Methods In this study, we enrolled 30 hospitalized patients with AF and 30 matched patients with sinus rhythm (SR). GM species in fecal samples were evaluated through amplicon sequencing targeting the 16Sribosomal RNA gene. GM species richness, diversity, differential abundance of individual taxa between AF and SR were analyzed.Results AF patients showed decreased species richness and α-diversity compared to SR patients, but there was no statistical difference. The phylogenetic diversity was significant decreased in AF group (P<0.001). The β-diversity indexes revealed significant differences in GM community structure between AF group and SR group. After investigated the individual taxa, AF group showed altered relative abundance in several taxa compared to the SR group. linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed, a significant decrease in Bifidobacterium and a greater abundance of Lactobacillus, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus in AF group compared with the SR group.Conclusions In AF patients, the GM phylogenetic diversity and β-diversity decreased, the relative abundance altered in several taxa and the bacterial community structure changed. GM dysbiosis might play a crucial part in the occurrence and development of AF.Clinical Trial Registration: chictr.org.cn identifier: ChiCTR2100050063
Non-age-related Gait Kinematics and Kinetics in the Elderly
Authors: Liang Yuanhao , Xu Tinghan , Qi Shichen , Cao Xiang , Yeung Eric Hiu Kwong , Hu Yong
Published: April 2022

Background: Non-age-related gait kinematics and kinetics are essential indicators for gait with normal function. They are instrumental in clinical evaluation and assistant device design. However, only a few studies focus on non-age-related gait analysis. This study aims to identify the non-age-related gait kinematics and kinetics by comparing their normalized time-varying waveforms in the healthy elderly and young groups. Methods: Gait analysis for each gait cycle at self-paced is conducted from marker trajectories and ground reaction force. Pattern distance and percentage of significant difference between the young and elderly are calculated to represent the two sets of waveforms. The k-means clustering and elbow method are used to select and validate non-age-related kinematics and kinetics. The average waveforms with standard deviation are plotted for the comparison of the results. Results: There is no significant difference in weight and height between two aging groups. The elbow point is where the k value equals two. The cluster centers of the two groups are 0.1417 and 0.3691 while total Euclidean distances are 0.001794 and 0.02750, respectively. The two critical values closest to the cutoff are 0.1593 and 0.3037. The average waveforms of the non-age-related group are highly overlapped with a minor standard deviation between healthy young and elderly groups but show lager variations between healthy and abnormal groups. Conclusions: Ankle moment, knee angle, hip flexion angle, and hip adduction moment are identified as the non-age-related gait kinematic or kinetic features with distinguishing cutoff. These features are validated to reflect abnormal walking function, which is essential in the evaluation of mobility and functional ability of the elderly, and data fusion of the assistant device.
The Anti-estrogen Receptor Drug, Tamoxifen, is Selectively Lethal to P- glycoprotein-expressing Multidrug Resistant Tumor Cells
Authors: Bakadlag Rowa , Limniatis Georgia , Georges Elias
Published: April 2022

Background P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a member of the ATP Binding Cassette B1 subfamily (ABCB1), confers resistance to clinically relevant anticancer drugs and targeted chemotherapeutics. However, paradoxically P-glycoprotein overexpressing drug resistant cells are “collaterally sensitive” to non-toxic drugs that stimulate its ATPase activity. MethodsCell viability assays were used to determine the effect of low concentrations of tamoxifen on the proliferation of multidrug resistant cells (CHORC5 and MDA-Doxo400), expressing P-gp, their parental cell lines (AuxB1 and MDA-MB-231) or P-gp-CRISPR knockout clones of AuxB1 and CHORC5 cells. Western blot analysis was used to estimate P-gp expression in different cell lines. Apoptosis of tamoxifen-induced cell death was estimated by flow cytometry using Annexin-V-FITC stained cells. Oxidative stress tamoxifen treated cells was determined by measuring levels of reactive oxygen specifies and reduced thiols using cell-permeant 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) and 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) DTNB, respectively. ResultsIn this report, we show that P-gp-expressing drug resistant cells (CHORC5 and MDA-Doxo400) are collaterally sensitive to the anti-estrogen tamoxifen or its metabolite (4-hydroxy-tamoxifen). Moreover, P-gp-knockout clones of CHORC5 cells display complete reversal of collateral sensitivity to tamoxifen. Drug resistant cells exposed to low concentrations of tamoxifen show significant rise in reactive oxygen species, drop of reduced cellular thiols and increased apoptosis. Consistent with the latter, CHORC5 cells expressing high levels of human Bcl-2 (CHORC5-Bcl-2) show significant resistance to tamoxifen. In addition, the presence of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine or P-gp ATPase inhibitor, PSC-833, reverse the collateral sensitivity of resistant cells to tamoxifen. By contrast, the presence of rotenone (specific inhibitor of mitochondria complex I) synergizes with tamoxifen. ConclusionThis study demonstrates the use of tamoxifen as collateral sensitivity drug that can preferentially target multidrug resistant cells expressing P-gp at clinically achievable concentrations. Given the widespread use of tamoxifen in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers, this property of tamoxifen may have clinical applications in treatment of P-gp-positive drug resistant breast tumors.
Effect of chlorhexidine acetate on the early postoperative orthotopic ileal neobladder in situ mucus secretion
Authors: kang Peng , Raj Ashok , Renfu Chen , Yunpeng Peng , Wenjing Xie , wang Fu jian , Xiaolei Sun
Published: April 2022

Objective: To investigate the impact of chlorhexidine acetate's on the mucus secretion function in the early postoperative period of the neo-ileal bladder and compare other treatment agents. Method: 24 patients who underwent total Cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder in our department and divided into three groups (8 each). During the procedure, mucosal treatment agents were infused for five minutes, and specimens were taken for histological examination of the neobladder mucosa under light and electron microscopy.Results: The daily intestinal mucus secretion in the early stage of the neobladder(POD 3-14). Group A (Iodophor) compared to B (anhydrous ethanol), and C (chlorhexidine acetate) were reduced and statistically significant (P <0.05), with no statistical difference between B and C (P> 0.05). Light and Electron microscopy; In group A, the neobladder intestinal mucosa layer is complete; villi were uniformly arranged. A few goblet cells between the apex of the villi disappear an acceptable arrangement of micro-villi and a relatively low degree of organelle damage. In group B, the neobladder intestinal mucosa layer is unclear, the villi arrangement lost and shedding, muscle layer structure disrupted, accompanied by RBC and inflammatory cells infiltration. In group C, neo-bladder intestinal mucosa structure was complete, and villi are low, rupture, shedding, and inflammatory cells infiltrated without significant damage muscle layer.Conclusion: As a new mucous membrane treatment agent, chlorhexidine acetate has a protective effect on the mucous membrane of the new bladder. Meanwhile, it also inhibits the secretion of mucous in the new bladder in the early postoperative period.
Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies YTHDF2 as an Immunological and Prognostic Biomarker
Authors: weiwei liu , Liu Chaoqun , Chen Zilin , Qian Cheng , lin wandie , Zhao Liang , Zhou Rui
Published: April 2022

Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a dynamic and reversible post-transcriptional RNA modification prevalent in eukaryotic cells. As a member of m6A reader protein, YT521-B homology domain family 2 (YTHDF2) has been demonstrated involving in many vital biological process, whereas its role in cancers remains unclear.
Methods
We evaluated the immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections from 51 hepatocellular carcinoma patients and TIMER database to investigate the association between the YTHDF2 expression and the infiltration of immunocytes. TCGA, GEPIA2, GEO and GTEx databases were used to analyze the differential expression of YTHDF2 in various cancers. R 3.6.3 is used for Data visualization.
Results
YTHDF2 is overexpressed in most tumors, and the increased YTHDF2 expression is associated with poor OS, PFI, and DSS. YTHDF2 expression is also positively correlated with MMR, TMB and MSI. Moreover, GSEA revealed that functions associated with cell adhesion, cell cycle and immune regulation were enriched in YTHDF2 overexpression tumors. Further study verified the participation of YTHDF2 in immune regulation through its correlation with ICP genes and the infiltration of immunocytes in tumor microenvironment. Notably, we demonstrated a positive correlation between YTHDF2 expression and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and macrophages, as well as exhausted T lymphocytes.
Conclusion
YTHDF2 can be used as a new therapeutic target and a potential biomarker for cancer immune evasion and poor prognosis.
Research on ecological flow and water replenishment threshold for diversion river based on MC-LOR
Authors: Hu Wentong , Gu Wenquan , Miao Donghao , Shao Dongguo
Published: April 2022

Diversion rivers are important water and biological connection channels, which provide valuable ecological services. However, diversion rivers are degraded owing to the construction and unreasonable operation of large-scale water conservancy projects. Quantifying and guaranteeing the ecological flow of diversion rivers is necessary to sustain the riverine ecosystems. Due to the lack of methods to verify the rationality of the existing hydrological series length for ecological flow calculation by hydrological methods, a Monte Carlo-length of record (MC-LOR) algorithm was proposed to analyze the accuracy level of the existing hydrological series. Taking the Dongjing River (DJR) in the lower Han River as an example, the result shows that the 15-year hydrological series can meet the accuracy level of 5/90 and 10/95. The flow changes and hydrological relationships between the Qianjiang hydrological station (QJS) and the Tianguan River (TGR) under the influence of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer (MSNW) project and the Yangtze–Han Water Diversion (YHWD) project were analyzed. It is found that the flow variation of QJS is large and shows a downward trend while TGR displays a significant upward trend through the M-K trend test. And the flow of QJS is drier and less than the water replenishment of TGR in the non-flood season after the operation of the MSNW project. This paper established an ecological flow threshold calculation method based on kernel density curves and quantiles. Compared with the minimum average monthly flow (MAMF) method, the monthly minimum ecological runoff (MMR) method, improved Q90 method, Tennant method, Tessmann method, distribution flow method (DFM), the method proposed in this paper can reduce the influence of extreme flow events and is suitable for the diversion river. Finally, the ecological water replenishment demands of TGR to meet the ecological flow target of DJR under different flow conditions in the Han River were analyzed by Bayesian network (BN) models. The results show that the minimum water requirement thresholds of DJR are 31.3m3/s and 15.85m3/s, 55.35m3/s and 30.85m3/s when the flows of Han River are < 654m3/s and 654 ~ 770m3/s in non-flood season and < 875m3/s and 875 ~ 1210m3/s in flood season, respectively. This research provides references for the ecological stability and sustainable development of diversion rivers.
Poor body condition is associated with lower hippocampal neurogenesis and higher gut methanogen abundance in adult laying hens from two housing systems
Authors: Armstrong Elena A. , Richards-Rios Peter , Addison Lucy , Sandilands Vicky , Guy Jonathan H. , Wigley Paul , Boswell Tim , Smulders Tom V.
Published: April 2022

It is still unclear which commercial housing system provides the best quality of life for laying hens. In addition, there are large individual differences in stress levels within a system. Hippocampal neurogenesis may provide an integrated biomarker of the stressors experienced by an individual. We selected 12 adult hens each with good and poor body condition (based on body size, degree of feather cover and redness of the comb) from a multi-tier free range system (H&N hens) and an enriched cage system (Hy-Line hens) (n=48). Immature neurons expressing doublecortin (DCX) were quantified in the hippocampus, contents of the caecal microbiome were sequenced, and expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured in the spleen. DCX+ cell densities did not differ between the housing systems. In both systems, poor condition hens had lower DCX+ cell densities, exhibited elevated splenic expression of interleukin-6 (IL6) mRNA, and had a higher relative caecal abundance of methanogenic archea Methanomethylophilaceae. The findings suggest that a greater degree of cumulative chronic stress is experienced by those individuals in the poorest condition, and that a survey of the proportion of hens experiencing poor body condition might be one way to evaluate the impact of housing systems on hen welfare.
Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Visual Control of Robot Manipulators Using An Uncalibrated Camera
Authors: Yang Liang , Yuan Chan , Lai Guanyu
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we propose an adaptive faulttolerant visual control scheme for robotic manipulators with possible actuator failures in an uncalibrated environment. Most existing visual control approaches for robot system does not take into acount actuator failures, which may prominently a ect the transient performance of the system in practice. In order to moderate the detrimental and adverse e ects of actuator failures on the system, a new adaptive algorithm is proposed to compensate stuck-type failures occurred in actuators. Moreover, by proposing a decoupling method, the uncertain parameter model of actuator failure is successfully separated from the dynamics model while the two models are coupled in most existing results(e.g. [33], [34]). And the stability of the dynamic system and the convergence of the image error are proved by the Lyapunov analysis method. Finally, the proposed control scheme is applied to simulation model of 3-DOF manipulator, and the e ectiveness and stability of the controller is veri ed by comparing and analysing the tracking performance of the manipulator under di erent failure parameters.
Fine mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in bread wheat
Authors: Wu Jingchun , Xu Dengan , Fu Luping , Wu Ling , Hao Weihao , Li Jihu , Dong Yan , Wang Fengju , Wu Yuying , He Zhonghu , Si Hongqi , Ma Chuanxi , Xia Xianchun
Published: April 2022

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST), is a worldwide wheat disease that causes large losses in production. Fine mapping and cloning of resistance genes are important for accurate marker-assisted breeding. Here, we report the fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in a Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175. Fifteen F1, 7,325 F2 plants and 117 F2:3 lines derived from cross Avocet S/Zhongmai 175 were inoculated with PST race CYR32 at the seedling stage in a greenhouse, and F2:3 lines were also evaluated for stripe rust reaction in the field using mixed PST races. BSR-seq analyses revealed 13 SNPs in the region 762.50–768.52 Mb on chromosome arm 2AL. By genome mining we identified SNPs and InDels between the parents and contrasting bulks, and mapped YrZM175 to a 0.72-cM, 636.4-kb interval spanned by YrZM175-InD1 and YrZM175-InD2 (763,452,916–764,089,317 bp) including two putative disease resistance genes based on IWGSC RefSeq v1.0. Collinearity analysis indicated similar target genomic intervals in Chinese Spring, Aegilops tauschii (2D: 647.7–650.5 Mb), Triticum urartu (2A: 750.7–752.3 Mb), Triticum dicoccoides (2A: 771.0–774.5 Mb), Triticum turgidum (2B: 784.7–788.2 Mb), and T. aestivum cv. Aikang 58 (2A: 776.3–778.9 Mb) and Jagger (2A: 789.3–791.7 Mb). Through collinearity analysis, sequence alignments of resistant and susceptible parents and gene expression level analysis, we predicted TRITD2Bv1G264480 from Triticum turgidum to be a candidate gene for map-based cloning of YrZM175. A gene-specific marker for TRITD2Bv1G264480 co-segregated with the resistance gene. Molecular marker analysis and stripe rust response data revealed that YrZM175 was different from genes Yr1, Yr17, Yr32 and YrJ22 located on chromosome 2A. Fine mapping of YrZM175 lays a solid foundation for functional gene analysis and marker-assisted selection for improved stripe rust resistance in wheat.
Quality assessment and relevant clinical impact of randomized controlled trials on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Authors: Guo Jun , Zhao Ming , Gao Qing-He , Liu Sheng-Jing , Deng Ying-Jun , Wang Hao , Yu Wen-Xiao
Published: April 2022

Objective:This study evaluated the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Methods:We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for RCTs (original articles) on CP/CPPS published from database establishment to 2021. The RCT quality assessment was performed using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) statement and the improved Jadad scale. Results:In total, 77 RCTs were included. According to the evaluation, 26 (33.77%) papers presented the description of the specific random methods, only 6 (7.79%) papers described the allocation concealment methods, and 26 articles referred to the “blind method”. Of the RCTs, 34 (44.16%) papers recorded the number of patients who withdrew from the study, and 67 (87.01%) papers reported adverse reactions. However, few reports mentioned the sample size calculation, clinical trial registration, or information about the relevant research programs and funding. In addition, 19 (24.68%) reports had Jadad scale scores of ≥4 points, and 58 (75.32%) reports had Jadad scale scores of ≤3 points. Conclusion:To date, the quality of RCT reports on CP/CPPS has been generally poor, and the results of the RCTs should be accepted and utilized cautiously. It is suggested that researchers should follow the CONSORT statement and improved Jadad scale to standardize the design and implementation of RCTs to improve the quality of RCTs and provide reliable evidence for the treatment of CP/CPPS.
Prenatal stress perturbs fetal iron homeostasis in a sex specific manner
Authors: Zimmermann Peter , Antonelli Marta C. , Sharma Ritika , Müller Alexander , Zelgert Camilla , Fabre Bibiana , Wenzel Natasha , Wu Hau-Tieng , Frasch Martin G. , Lobmaier Silvia M.
Published: April 2022

The adverse effects of maternal prenatal stress (PS) on child’s neurodevelopment warrant the establishment of biomarkers that enable early interventional therapeutic strategies. We performed a prospective matched double cohort study screening 2000 pregnant women in third trimester with Cohen Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) questionnaire; 164 participants were recruited and classified as stressed and control group (SG, CG). Fetal cord blood iron parameters were measured at birth. Transabdominal electrocardiograms-based Fetal Stress Index (FSI) was derived. We investigated sex contribution to group differences and conducted causal inference analyses to assess the total effect of PS exposure on iron homeostasis using a directed acyclic graph (DAG) approach. Differences are reported for p<0.05 unless noted otherwise. Transferrin saturation was lower in male stressed neonates. The minimum adjustment set of the DAG to estimate the total effect of PS exposure on fetal ferritin iron biomarkers consisted of maternal age and socioeconomic status: SG revealed a 15% decrease in fetal ferritin compared with CG. Mean FSI was higher among SG than among CG. FSI-based timely detection of fetuses affected by PS can support early individualized iron supplementation and neurodevelopmental follow-up to prevent long-term sequelae due to PS-exacerbated impairment of the iron homeostasis.
Pan-sarcoma characterization of lncRNAs in the crosstalk of EMT and tumor immunity identifies distinct clinical outcomes and potential implications for immunotherapy
Authors: Shi Deyao , Mu Shidai , Pu Feifei , Zhong Binlong , Hu Binwu , Shao Zengwu , Zhang Zhicai , Liu Jianxiang
Published: April 2022

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible process that may interact with tumor immunity through multiple approaches. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the interconnections among EMT-related processes, tumor microenvironment, immune activity, as well as the potential influence on immunotherapy response. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical modulators of gene expression. They can play fundamental roles in tumor immunity and act as promising biomarkers of immunotherapy response. However, the potential roles of lncRNA in the crosstalk of EMT and tumor immunity are still unclear in sarcoma. We obtained multi-omics profiling of 1440 pan-sarcoma patients from 19 datasets. Through an unsupervised consensus clustering approach, we categorized EMT molecular subtypes. We subsequently identified 26 EMT molecular subtype and tumor immune-related lncRNAs (EILncRNA) across pan-sarcoma types and developed an EILncRNA signature-based weighted scoring model (EILncSig). The EILncSig presented a favorable performance in predicting the prognosis of sarcoma, and the high-EILncSig was associated with exclusive TME characteristics with desert-like infiltration of immune cells. Multiple altered pathways, somatically mutated genes and recurrent CNV regions associated with EILncSig were identified. Notably, the EILncSig was associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy. We additionally screened compounds such as Irinotecan that may have the potential to convert the EILncSig phenotype. By integrative analysis on multi-omics profiling, our findings provide a comprehensive resource for understanding the functional role of lncRNA-mediated immune regulation in sarcomas, which may advance the understanding of tumor immune response and the development of lncRNA-based immunotherapeutic strategies for sarcoma.
An improved Rational Bezier model for pneumatic constant force control device of robotic polishing with hysteretic nonlinearity
Authors: chen yongjiang , Zhao jianghai , Jin Yujie
Published: April 2022

The pneumatic constant force control device has been widely used in robot deburring, sanding, polishing, and other fields due to its good flexibility, simple control, and low cost. The force control accuracy of the pneumatic constant force system could be greatly affected by its nonlinear hysteresis characteristics in the process from the cylinder input to the force output at the end of the device. A Rational Bezier based state fitting method (BSFM) has been presented for calibrating the inherent nonlinearity of the low-cost pneumatic constant force system. Compared with the most widely used PSFM, which is a Polynomial based state fitting method, the BSFM could calibrate the strong inherent nonlinearity of the system more smoothly with the lower ordered model and in a continuous form rather than the piecewise form of the PSFM. The BSFM could maintain a balance between simplicity and precision. Through a series of comparative experiments with different contact forces and feed rates, the proposed method has smaller force overshoot and when active force control is turned on the force variation is greatly reduced to less than 2 N. The average roughness of the workpiece reached 0.4 µm after polishing.
High-Temperature Flexible WSe2 Photodetectors with Ultrahigh Photoresponsivity
Authors: Zou Yixuan , Zhang Zekun , Yan Jiawen , Lin Linhan , Huang Guan-Yao , Li Peng
Published: April 2022

Industries such as aerospace or military have promoted the development of high-temperature photodetectors. However, current high-temperature photodetectors exhibit low photoresponsivity (<10 A/W) because heat resistant materials usually have poor optical sensitivity. 2D transition metal dichalcogenides demonstrate outstanding optoelectronic properties, but they cannot survive at elevated temperature. It is challenging to realize photodetector with both high-temperature-resistant capability and high photoresponsivity. Here, we report WSe2 photodetector which can endure record high temperature of 700 ℃ in air (1000 ℃ in vacuum). It is the most heat resistant 2D-material device ever reported. Graphene/h-BN heterostructure with atomically flat interface is the key for high-temperature protection. Unconventional negative photoconductivity (NPC) phenomenon appears at high temperature. Operated in NPC mode, the device exhibits photoresponsivity of 2.2×106 A/W, which is ~105-fold higher than that of state-of-the-art high-temperature photodetectors, and even higher than that of existing WSe2 photodetectors. Furthermore, current high-temperature photodetectors are rigid, which limits their applications. Our device demonstrates excellent flexibility, making it highly adaptive to various shaped surfaces. Our approach can be extended to other 2D materials and may stimulate the research of novel 2D-material devices working in harsh environment.
The Effects of Lower Extremity Static Muscle Fatigue on Balance Components
Authors: AKYILDIZ Can , SÖZEN Hasan
Published: April 2022

Background: The body exhibits dynamic and static movements in response to the changes in the center of gravity in some positions. Balance plays a key role in all sports branches and daily life because it can control the lowest energy consumption and muscle activation. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of lower extremity static muscle fatigue on static and dynamic balance components. Design/Methods: The sample consisted of 40 healthy volunteers aged 18-24 years. Participants took part in an isometric fatigue protocol for lower extremity muscles. A squat position was used for static fatigue for lower extremity muscles. Measurements were performed in a squat press for 25 seconds, with the knee at a 90-degree angle and a load of about 30% of the participant's weight isometrically. The protocol was repeated five times. The participant was allowed to rest for two minutes between each repetition. The muscles and their antagonists that contracted most actively during the squat press exercise were vastus lateralis obliquus, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, semi tendineus, and lateral gastrocnemius. Electromyography (EMG) measurements were conducted on these muscles bilaterally and motion analysis system was used to standardize the 90-degree angle of the knee joint. Results: There was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test Eyes Open (EO) static balance scores, pre- and post-exercise posttest dynamic balance scores between non-athletes and athletes, pre- and post-exercise posttest dominant leg EO, and pretest non-dominant leg between non-athletes and athletes (p<.05). There was a significant difference in the MF (Hz) values of the dominant leg agonist rectus femoris (p<.05) and the antagonist muscle semi tendineus (p<.05) scores during isometric squat press between athletes and non-athletes. There were statistically significant differences in the co-fatigue (coordinated fatigue) scores of the dominant leg agonist and antagonist muscle groups between non-athletes and athletes during isometric squat press (p<.05). Conclusions: we need different applications to understand the mechanisms underlying balance and discover athletes' potential. Lower extremity proprioception exercises have positive effects on static body balance parameters, and a co-fatigue index can help us investigate co-fatigue, especially during isometric effort at different knee joint angles and different joints.
The impact of ABCB1 and CES1 polymorphisms on the safety of dabigatran in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhu Zhu , Qian Chenyue , Su Cunjing , Tao Hong , Mao Jiaojiao , Guo Zhening , Zhu Xinyi , Pan Jie
Published: April 2022

Aims: This study aimed to analyze associations between genetic variants and plasma concentrations along with clinical outcomes in dabigatran in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).Methods: We conducted a prospective study and enrolled NVAF patients treated with dabigatran in the real world. A total of 86 patients treated with 110 mg DE twice daily were recruited for this study. Blood samples were obtained from each patient and used for genotyping and determination of plasma dabigatran concentration. All bleeding and thromboembolic complications were recorded during the 1.5 years of follow-up.Results: Eighty-three patients provided samples at the trough plasma level of dabigatran, and 58 patients provided samples at the peak plasma level of dabigatran. There was a significant association between the CES1 SNP rs8192935 and trough plasma concentrations of dabigatran (P=0.013). The ABCB1 SNP c.2482-2236G>A (rs4148738) was associated with major bleeding events in the addictive model (P=0.046, OR=3.29) and dominant model (P=0.040, OR=8.17). Additionally, the ABCB1 SNP c.3435C>T (rs1045642) was associated with the incidence of major bleeding events in the addictive model (P=0.043, OR=3.34) and dominant model (P=0.046, OR=7.77). However, no significant associations were found between all the SNPs and the incidence of minor bleeding events.Conclusions: Our results indicated that the CES1 polymorphism rs8192935 was associated with trough plasma concentrations of dabigatran. Carriers of the G allele had increased trough plasma concentrations of dabigatran compared to noncarriers. The ABCB1 polymorphisms rs4148738 and rs1045642 were associated with an increased risk for major bleeding events for the first time in a Chinese population.
Tuning the nonlinear optical properties of quantum dot by noise-anharmonicity interplay
Authors: Roy Debi , Md. Sk. , Ghosh Manas
Published: April 2022

Present study executes a thorough enquiry of tailoring a few important nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of
GaAs quantum dot (QD) by invoking Gaussian noise-anharmonicity interplay. The NLO properties enquired are total optical absorption coefficient (TOAC), total optical refractive index change (TORIC), nonlinear optical rectification
(NOR), second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), DC-Kerr effect (DCKE), electro-absorption coefficient (EAC), group index (GI) and optical gain (OG). The mode of entry of noise (additive/multiplicative) to the QD, in conjunction with the symmetry (odd/even) of the anharmonicity, design the above NLO properties. These NLO properties have been found to be endowed with regular rise, regular decline, maximization, minimization and saturation. The findings of the study emerge quite prolific owing to the profound technological need of QD, particularly when it consists of anharmonicity and under the influence of noise.
Formulation process, physical stability and herbicidal activities of Cymbopogon nardus essential oil-based nanoemulsion
Authors: Somala Naphat , Laosinwattana Chamroon , Teerarak Montinee
Published: April 2022

Essential oil-based bioherbicides are a promising avenue for the development of eco-friendly pesticides. This study formulated nanoemulsions containing citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil (CEO) as an herbicidal product using a high-pressure homogenization method with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values ranging 9-14.9 for the surfactant mixture (Tween 60 and Span 60). The CEO was high in monoterpene compounds (36.333% geraniol, 17.881% trans-citral, 15.276% cis-citral, 8.991% citronellal, and 4.991% β-citronellol). The nanoemulsion at HLB 14 was selected as optimal due to having the smallest particle size (78.8 nm, PI 0.286), confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. After 28 days of storage, particle size in the selected formulation changed to 57.9 and 139.8 nm under 4°C and 25°C, respectively. Germination and seedling growth assays with Echinochloa crus-galli showed that the nanoemulsion exerted a significant dose-dependent inhibitory effect at all tested HLBs (9-14.9) and concentrations (100–800 µL/L). The inhibitory effect was greatest at HLB 14. Treatment of E. cruss-galli seed with the HLB 14 nanoemulsion significantly reduced seed imbibition and α-amylase activity. Our findings support that CEO nanoemulsions have a phytotoxic effect and hence herbicidal properties for controlling E. cruss-galli. Accordingly, this nanoemulsion may have potential as a bioherbicide resource.
Correlation of Automated Breast Volume Scanner Imaging and the Difference of Molecular Subtypes Between Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens
Authors: Wang Dandan , Li Yating , Sun Hui , Xu Chaoli , Yang Bin
Published: April 2022

Background: Core needle biopsy (CNB) and automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) play crucial roles in diagnosing breast cancer. However, the molecular subtype of breast cancer in CNB and surgery is a paradox at times. Analyzing the correlation between ABVS and the difference of molecular subtypes between CNB and surgery specimens has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of ABVS imaging that affect the discrepancy of molecular subtypes between CNB and surgical specimens in breast cancer patients.Methods: Eighty-two breast cancer patients (83 lesions) who underwent ABVS examinations were enrolled at Jinling Hospital between November 2014 to October 2020. The molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B (HER-2 positive), luminal B (HER-2 negative), HER-2 overexpression, and triple-negative subtypes) and the discrepancy rate of the specimens via CNB and surgery were determined. The clinicopathological and ABVS imaging features were compared between the discrepancy group (molecular subtypes were different between CNB and surgery specimens) and the consistency group (molecular subtypes were concordant between CNB and surgery specimens). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the diagnostic performance of the significant features. Results: Of the 83 lesions, a concordance rate of 73.5% (κ=0.64) was shown between the CNB specimens and the surgical specimens for molecular subtypes. The presence of clear boundary, irregular shape, well-defined margin, and no retraction phenomenon on ABVS were independently associated with discrepancy in molecular subtypes (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for the combination of these four features on ABVS was 0.9 (95% CI:0.8-0.9), yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 41%, respectively.Conclusions: ABVS is feasible with excellent sensitivity in determining the discrepancy of molecular subtypes between specimens via CNB and surgery. Multipoint puncture during CNB should be advocated for the lesions with the presence of clear boundary, irregular shape, well-defined margin, and lack of retraction phenomenon, thus leading to avoidance of discrepancy in molecular subtypes in clinical diagnosis and treatment processes in breast cancer patients.