bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinoresinol targets NF-kB alongside STAT3 pathway to attenuate IL-6-induced inflammation
Authors: Dutta Anupam , Das Dorothy , Chakraborty Rituraj , Baruah Bhargab Jyoti , Sharma Manoj , Sharma Pushpa , Mattaparthi Venkata Satish Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Rupak
Published: January 2024

Dysregulated synthesis of IL-6 plays a critical role in inflammation-induced disease pathophysiology. IL-6 is known to induce NF-κB along with canonical JAK-STAT pathway, indicating the importance of cascade proteins of these two pathways as the targets of anti-inflammatory compounds. Here, we report the mechanism of downregulation of NF-κB and JAK-STAT pathways by pinoresinol, a plant lignan, in IL6-induced macrophages. Bioinformatic analysis revealed Pinoresinol, among 100 dietary polyphenols, as the most potent candidate to interact with the proteins in NF-κB and JAK-STAT pathways. Pinoresinol significantly abrogated IL-6-mediated activation of p65 NF-κB and STAT3 and their nuclear translocation in differentiated THP-1 cells. Remarkably, pinoresinol attenuated IL-6-mediated activation of NF-κB regulators, IKK and IκB-α and the degradation of the latter suggesting its critical role in inhibition of NF-kB pathway. The expressions of downstream genes of the two pathways, e.g. IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 were also inhibited by pinoresinol. The polyphenol treatment also reduced the IL-6-mediated macrophage adhesion and migration, which was supported by the downregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP-1, MMP-9 and MMP-2. Our study highlights the mechanism of anti-inflammatory efficacy of pinoresinol in IL-6-induced differentiated macrophages.
Ustekinumab for the treatment of plaque psoriasis: A 6 -year real -life tertiary institution experience
Authors: HIZLI Pelin , KILIÇ Fatma Arzu , AKDAŞLI Jale Aylin
Published: January 2024

Background: Since the causative mechanism of psoriasis has an immunologic basis, various novel therapeutic agents selectively targeting abnormal immune responses were developed previously. This study aimed to present the 6-year follow-up of results of patients received ustekinumab for plaque psoriasis.
Methods: A 6-year real -life data of 80 patients with plaque psoriasis receiving ustekinumab were compiled from the medical archive of our tertiary institution retrospectively and presented.
Results: Eighty patients with psoriasis received ustekinumab [28 (35%) females and 52(65%) males, mean age: 50.7 ±14.1 (22-80) years] were included. Overall PASI75 response rate was 72.5% on 16th week, 82.5% on 28th week and 86.25% on 52nd week. The overall PASI90 response rate was 61.25% on 16th week, 73.75% on 28th week and 76.25% on 52nd week
Both PASI75 and PASI90 response rates did not significantly differ between naive and non-naive patients. The week of PASI75 and PASI90 achievement did not significantly differ between the patients between naive and non-naive patients, and between males and females. Both PASI75 and PASI90 achievement weeks were not significantly different between the patients with a baseline PASI of under and over 10. No severe side effect was detected.
Conclusions: Our 6-year real-life clinical experience we show the effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in plaque psoriasis even biological naive and non -naive patients.
Machine-based counting of mitochondria in cells using immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections
Authors: Sakashita Shingo , Sakashita Mai , Motoi Noriko , Yamamoto Gaku , Gambe Emi , Suzuki Masanori , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Takazawa Yutaka , Aoki Kazunori , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Visualizing mitochondria in cancer cells from human pathological specimens may improve our understanding of cancer biology. However, using immunohistochemistry to evaluate mitochondria remains difficult because almost all cells contain mitochondria and the number of mitochondria per cell may have important effects on mitochondrial function. Herein, we established an objective system (Mito-score) for evaluating mitochondria using machine-based processing of hue, saturation, and value color spaces.
Methods
The Mito-score was defined as the number of COX4 (mitochondrial inner membrane) immunohistochemistry-positive pixels divided by the number of nuclei per cell. The system was validated using four lung cancer cell lines, normal tissues, and lung cancer tissues (199 cases).
Results
The Mito-score correlated with MitoTracker, a fluorescent dye used to selectively label and visualize mitochondria within cells under a microscope (R2 = 0.68) and with the number of mitochondria counted using electron microscopy (R2 = 0.79). Histologically, the Mito-score of small cell carcinoma (57.25) was significantly lower than that of adenocarcinoma (147.5, p < 0.0001), squamous cell carcinoma (120.6, p = 0.0004), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (111.8, p = 0.002).
Conclusion
The Mito-score method enables the analysis of the mitochondrial status of human formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and may provide insights into the metabolic status of cancer.
Dyslipidemia versus Obesity as Predictors of Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Multi-Center Study in China
Authors: Ruan Hang , Ran Xiao , Li Shu-sheng , Zhang Qin
Published: January 2024

Background
This multicenter observational study aimed to determine whether dyslipidemia or obesity contributes more significantly to unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients experiencing a first-ever ischemic stroke (IS).
Methods
We employed a machine learning predictive model to investigate associations among body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) with adverse outcomes in IS patients. Extensive real-world clinical data was utilized, and risk factors significantly linked to adverse outcomes were identified through multivariate analysis, propensity score matching (PSM), and regression discontinuity design (RDD) techniques. Furthermore, these findings were validated via a nationwide multicenter prospective cohort study.
Results
In the derived cohort, we assessed a total of 45,162 patients diagnosed with IS, where 522 experienced adverse outcomes. Our multifactorial analysis incorporating PSM and RDD methods identified TG (adjusted OR 95%CI, 1.110 (1.041–1.183), P < 0.01) and TC (adjusted OR 95%CI, 1.139 (1.039–1.248), P < 0.01) as risk factors. However, BMI, BFP, and HDL showed no significant effect. In the validation cohort, 1410 controls and 941 patients were enrolled—confirming that lipid levels are more strongly correlated with the prognosis of IS patients compared to obesity (TC, OR 95%CI, 1.369 (1.069–1.754), P < 0.05; TG, OR 95%CI, 1.332 (1.097–1.618), P < 0.01).
Conclusion
This study suggests that dyslipidemia has a more substantial impact on the prognosis of IS patients compared to obesity. This highlights the importance of prioritizing dyslipidemia management in the treatment and prevention of adverse outcomes in IS patients.
Vision Transformer-Based Multi-Phase Accident Detection and False Positive Mitigation
Authors: Jartarghar Uday , Sanghvi Devaj , Nidgundi Mehwish , Kumar Kanhaiya , Varur Sneha
Published: January 2024

The use of computer vision algorithms for real-time accident detection is a highly researched method to minimize delays in post-crash care. Various methods are adopted in the literature; However, based on our understanding, these methods are not sufficiently reliable in accurately detecting accidents, and there is a high occurrence of false accident detections. This paper aims to achieve precise accident detection while minimizing false positive detections. Our approach involves a four-phase framework that integrates vehicle detection and continuous tracking techniques, specifically utilizing the You Only Look Once (YOLO) and ByteTrack algorithms. Subsequently, we have developed a criterion for identifying abrupt change involving checking for overlap between vehicles and angle of collision, a potential accident indicator. During our third phase, we precisely determine the location of the accident within the sudden alteration frames. The fourth pivotal phase stands out, leveraging Vision Transformer (ViT), an encoder only model, to carefully eliminate fake accidents. Our methodology surpasses the typical use of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based approaches by demonstrating a comprehensive integration of several deep learning techniques. The framework was evaluated on Real-World Surveillance videos with diverse conditions; The performance of proposed framework was found effective, outperforming the existing works.
Collaborative Optimization of Medical Supply Chains
Authors: J Shreehari , Suresh Arjun , V Arjith A
Published: January 2024

This project introduces a collaborative scheme and mathematical model to optimize the storage and distribution of medical products in a unified demand environment. Focusing on supply chain robust- ness and environmental impact, the model considers a unified demand scenario where medical institutions combine their orders. The proposed approach incorporates a predictive model for demand, evaluating various forecasting models and employing optimization techniques to minimize costs while meeting resilience and environmental constraints. The study emphasizes the importance of sustainability and adaptability in medical supply chains, paving the way for future enhancements in deep learning predictions and advanced storage optimization strategies.
Bubble rising near a vertical wall: Experimental characterization of paths and velocity
Authors: Estepa-Cantero Cecilia , Martínez-Bazán Carlos , Bolaños-Jiménez Rocío
Published: January 2024

The trajectories of a single bubble rising in the vicinity of a vertical solid wall are experimentally investigated. Distinct initial wall-bubble distances are considered for three different bubble rising regimes, i.e. rectilinear, planar zigzag, and spiral. The problem is defined by three control parameters, namely the Galilei number, Ga, the Bond number, Bo, and the initial dimensionless distance between the bubble centroid and the wall, L. We focus on high-Bond numbers, varying L from 1 to 4, and compare the results with the corresponding unbounded case L → ∞ . In all cases, the bubble deviates from the expected unbounded trajectory and migrates away from the wall as it rises due to the overpressure generated in the gap between the bubble and the wall. This repulsion is more evident as the initial wall-bubble distance decreases. Moreover, in the planar zigzagging regime, the wall is found to impose a preferential zigzagging plane perpendicular to it when L is small enough. Only slight wall effects are observed in the velocity or the oscillation amplitude and frequency. The wall migration effect is more evident for the planar zigzagging case and less relevant for the rectilinear one. Finally, the influence of the vertical position of the wall is also investigated. When the wall is not present upon release, the bubbles have the expected behavior for the unbounded case and experience the migration only instants before reaching the wall edge. This repulsion is, in general, more substantial than in the initially-present-wall case.
The Impacts of Visitors’ Characteristics on Their Satisfaction and Revisit Intention of Cultural Regeneration Facility Utilizing Unused Space : A Case of Yeongwol Y-park
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Sang-Suk , Lee Jae-Su
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the influence of cultural regeneration perceptions and socioeconomic attributes on satisfaction and revisit intentions among visitors to Yeongwol Y Park. From the survey, 550 valid responses were secured. The primary outcomes and implications of the research include the following:First, distinct variations in cultural regeneration perceptions were observed across different age groups, occupations, and income levels. To enhance satisfaction and encourage repeat visits, it's imperative to strategize by segmenting visitors based on these attributes. Second, differences in satisfaction and revisit intentions, based on socioeconomic attributes, were evident in certain age and occupational brackets. Third,the role of cultural engagement was deemed significant when analyzing factors contributing to satisfaction. Notably, individuals in their 20s and those within the middle-income range reported higher levels of satisfaction. Fourth, key determinants affecting the intention to return encompassed overall satisfaction, the viewing environment, pricing, and cultural engagement. As a recommendation, the analysis of enhancing the viewing ambiance and refining services are required.
A Study on the Effect of Housing Satisfaction by Generation on Management Service of Apartment : Focused on the the comparison of generation MZ, generation X, and baby boomers
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Kim Kyoung-Keun , Choi Min-Seob
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to present implications for improving housing satisfaction by comparing and analyzing important factors influencing housing satisfaction by generation at a time when the trend of apartment asset management services is changing recently. The main research results derived through generational analysis are summarized as follows. First, in Generation MZ and Generation X, it was found that operation management services had the highest influence on housing satisfaction. Second, in the baby boomers generation, it was found that services responding to new management trends had the highest influence on housing satisfaction. Third, it was found that living environment management services had a high influence on housing satisfaction in all generations.
Consideration of issues for calculating de facto population and utilizing urban policies
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Sam-Su , Yun Byung-Hun , Lee Mi-Hong , Kwon Young-Hwan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to provide a direction for the future utilization of de facto population in urban policies through the analysis of de facto population-related concepts and policies. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, de facto population can be used as an alternative to traditional population policies to measure the vitality of a city. Second, there is limited evidence to suggest that the increase in de facto population contributes to the revitalization of local economies in depopulation areas. Third, in order to utilize the de facto population for urban policy, it is necessary to shift from the settled population to the service population concept. In the future, we will continue to monitor the results of this research and explore ways to apply it to all local governments, not just those with declining populations.
Exterior spaces in urban development projects for public realization Selecting Evaluation Items
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Lim-Jung
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to recognize the importance of external space planning in urban development projects and to establish an evaluation item system for improving urban landscapes. It can be used as a guide to set evaluation items for exterior space planning considering sustainable urban development and to systematically inspect exterior space. As a research method, research literature and laws on landscape planning and review types were reviewed, and landscape checklist items were reviewed. The reviewed items were synthesized and refined by reclassifying and reviewing the contents through FGIs. Finally, we reviewed the consistency and validity of the reviewed items and selected the evaluation items through an expert survey. We also systematized them through content validity (CVR) analysis for reference in case of disagreements among experts in each field. The final 17 items consisted of checklists, operational guidelines, and detailed evaluations, and the contents were systematically reorganized as the items were mainly descriptive. Three items were selected for accessibility, four items for connectivity, three items for suitability, two items for safety (community), one item for locality (community), and four items for landscape.
A Study on Commercialization of Mullae Art Village and Changes in Art Ecology
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Jung-Hyun , Lee Hee-Chung
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to analyze the impact of the commercialization of the recently emerged Mullae Art Village, an art cluster, on the art ecology, specifically the creative activities of artists. To achieve this goal, Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 13 artists. Various data related to Mullae Art Village were also analyzed to examine the current state of commercialization and its effects on the art ecology. The analysis revealed that Mullae Art Village has entered a rapid stage of commercialization. Significant changes in the local space are rapidly occurring, and notably, there is a reduction in the available space for artists. The study also confirmed a significant transformation within the local art scene due to the increase in commercial artistic activities. In response to these findings, the research proposes management systems for coping with local commercialization and policy suggestions for preserving artistic activities. Mullae Art Village serves as a space for diverse artistic activities, and the commercialization of the area is closely tied to these artistic endeavors. Therefore, the significance of this study lies in the discussion of strategies for sustainable development through the coexistence of art and commercialization.
The Active Citizenship in Green Infrastructure From a Mosaic Governance : Case on Seoullo7017
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Chae Jin-Hae , Kim Woo-Joo
Published: January 2024

Due to recent climate change, the role of green infrastructure in urban resilience has gained importance. This study aims to examine the implications of the mosaic governance approach to operating green infrastructure through active citizenship, focusing on the activities of the 'Seoullo Green-Walking Citizens(=SGWC)' in Seoullo7017 from 2017 to 2018 over two years. The formation of active citizenship through the 'SGWC’ occurred in three stages. Initially, it was cultivated through education as a member with NGO, followed by the promotion of various volunteer activities in collaboration with local companies and communities. In the third stage, active citizens participated in operations with various entities through the Seoullo School, contributing to the expansion of volunteer activities among local citizens. From a mosaic governance perspective, the SGWC exhibited diversity, dynamics, and continuity of participation, becoming more active and interconnected as the process progressed. The contribution of green infrastructure to urban resilience through active citizenship involves environmental resilience through 'Place-keeping' to maintain the meaning and value of Seoullo7017. Furthermore, the development of the operating entity transitioned from NGOtype to CSR-type to PPP-type, fostering social connections through the 'Connection between space and subject' and contributing to institutional resilience through governance. It effectively conveys the key finding that active citizenship in the operation of green infrastructure has the potential to spread its goals throughout the city.
Pentagon capital and performance of Indonesian women entrepreneurs: The role of the adoption of digital technology
Authors: Viana Feranita Nungky , Dwimahendrawan Andrias , Asmuni
Published: January 2024

Pentagon capital is a term used to describe the five essential forms of capital: human, social, financial, physical, and intellectual. These five forms of capital play a crucial role in improving the performance of women entrepreneurs. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of these five forms of capital on the performance of women entrepreneurs, both directly and indirectly, through the adoption of digital technology. The analysis was conducted in 38 regencies/cities located in East Java Province, Indonesia, and comprised 268 women entrepreneurs from various business sectors. Following this, the primary data source was collected through the distribution of questionnaires, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to assess both the direct and indirect effects of the observed capitals using SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results showed that only social capital had a direct and significant effect on the performance of women entrepreneurs. However, human, financial, physical, and intellectual capital were found to significantly affect the performance of entrepreneurs indirectly through the mediation of the adoption of digital technology. It is also expedient to acknowledge that among the observed variables, financial capital was found to be the most important (19%). These results offered practical understanding for women entrepreneurs on strategies to increase their business income and access loans from financial institutions and government assistance.
AcknowledgmentThe authors are grateful to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia for funding this research.
Interpretation of Constitutional Provisions Regarding Public Officials
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, YI ZOONIL
Published: January 2024

The current constitution bestows upon public officials the position of servants to the entire nation, emphasizing their responsibility to the people while simultaneously ensuring their status and political neutrality. Derived from the constitutional position held by public officials as servants to the entire nation, they are obligated to realize the public interest. Obligations such as the prohibition of bias and procedural fairness can be derived from this duty to realize the public interest. The constitutional duties imposed on public officials include obligations such as compliance with laws, integrity, and the duty to perform their duties fairly, which are concretized as legal obligations. The assurance of status and political neutrality for public officials can be understood as guaranteed through the professional civil service system. The professional civil service system, by ensuring the status and political neutrality of public officials, is closely connected to protecting the constitutional rights of public officials, particularly the constitutional right of public neutraltiy. However, when the obligation of political neutrality, derived from the constitutional position granted to public officials as servants to the entire nation, constitutes an element of the professional civil service system, the professional civil service system and the duty of political neutrality are separated. If the professional civil service system is closely linked to the duty of political neutrality, the criteria for assessing the constitutionality of legislation that concretizes the professional civil service system should be consistent with the criteria for assessing the constitutionality of legislation that concretizes basic rights. When evaluating the constitutionality of legislation that concretizes the professional civil service system, excluding the obligation of political neutrality that can be included as an element of the professional civil service system, the constitutional principle of proportionality should be applied as the criterion for assessing the constitutionality of legislation that concretizes basic rights.
U.S. Supreme Court Dobbs ruling and its implications: The Constitutional Court's Decision on Constitutional Nonconformity with Abortion and Measures to Improve Legislation in the Future
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, Nam Jeong-Ah
Published: January 2024

The U.S. Supreme Court's Dobbs ruling is a realization of concerns that had already been detailed in Justice Ginsberg's objection to the Gonzales v. Carhart ruling in 2007. Justice Ginsberg criticized the Supreme Court's majority opinion in Gonzales' ruling as eating away the great spirit of the U.S. Supreme Court, which approved the abortion ban, and pointed out the risk of returning to the result of denying the spirit of abortion freedom in the future, 15 years later, this concern became a reality. I would like to ask whether the argument of Roe's ruling, which gave women who had been in the role of sublime pregnancy and childbirth the basic value of freedom of choice or self-determination to resolve discrimination and oppression against women and break away from the framework of unjust control that had to force unwanted situations, was entirely denied. Not only in the United States, but also in Korea, efforts have been made to guarantee women's discrimination and rights for a long time, and those efforts have barely been paying off, and the Supreme Court has changed the precedent unfavorably by breaking the public's expectations, faith, and faith in women's right to choose, which have been maintained for nearly half a century. Nevertheless, we will have to firmly follow the flow of history, but it may be affected to some extent by the Dobbs ruling above. In this regard, this article emphasizes the injustice by critically analyzing the Dobbs ruling and highlighting the problems, and aims to lay the groundwork for the improvement legislation as a follow-up to the constitutional inconsistency decision made by the Constitutional Court of Korea.
Meaning and Implications of France's Anti-Corruption Policy
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, KIM Yonghoon
Published: January 2024

Corruption acts that negatively affect the our macroeconomy as well as distortion of resource allocation vary considerably in their type and scope of persons involved, so the regulation for them should also be secured at a multi-faceted and systematic level. Considering that several acts that cannot be seen as violations of the legal provision can also be classified as types of corruption, such as solicitation through indirect strings and distortion of decision-making using influence within and between organizations, the need for more diverse and flexible regulation against corruption can be admitted. It is also important to set corruption acts as punishable acts through elements of a crime and to specify the regulations for them. However, the situation, such as the diverse type of corruption, difficulty in setting the category of related persons who commits corrupt, and the emergence of continuous new types of corruption acts, make us to acknowledge the necessity and validity of proactive regulative measures rather than passive, that is, post-punishment.
Accordingly, the Institute of Internal Auditors has recently thrown up the topic of internal audit, that is, 3 Line Model, and France is focusing on various regulative activities against corrupt centered on anti-corruption agencies such as Cour Des Comptes France, AFA etc. We are also focusing on corruption regulations through various laws, including the Public Servant's Ethics Act, Conflict of Interest Prevention Act for Public Officials and the Act on the Establishment and Operation of the Anti- Corruption and Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission, and various organizations such as the Board of Audit and Inspection and the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission etc. These acts mainly deal with specific restrictions on behavior and there are many cases of overlapping regulations, and there is no primary institution functionally responsible for corruption regulations. On the other hand, there are various corruption regulation measures such as AFA in France and thus we can consider the policy of France in our policy on regulation against corruptions. And furthermore, considering the experience of France, we are able to take into account of the policy that the full-fledged implementation of internal audits in that there are difficulties in swift legal response.
Influence of long-term land use and land cover (LULC) changes on soil loss, sediment export, and deposition in the ungauged Bontanga watershed
Authors: Mwanga Eliafie Wilson , Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu , Issaka Zakaria
Published: January 2024

Soil loss due to surface runoff is a natural phenomenon accelerated by anthropogenic activities. The study attempted to evaluate soil loss, sediment export, and deposition as influenced by changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in the Bontanga watershed. The InVEST-SDR model integrated with RUSLE was used in soil loss assessment. Results revealed that agricultural land produced 11,365.39 tons/year of soil loss in 1997, followed by 17,476.85 tons/year in 2002. In 2013, agricultural land experienced a soil loss of 5,391.98 tons/year, which finally increased to 91,274.53 tons/year in 2022. Agricultural land exported 56.16% of sediment, 13.39% of dense forest, and 13.30% of grassland. Dense forest deposited 41.54% of the sediment load, 30.49% of mixed shrub and grassland, and 10.85% of grassland. Over a long period, agricultural land is anticipated to contribute soil loss of 2,347,414.04 tons/year and sediment export of 388,497.56 tons/year. Sediment deposition amounting to 1,048,258.78 tons/year is anticipated to be deposited within the agricultural field. Both MAE and MAPE statistical measurements indicate a good model prediction performance for soil loss and sediment export. Understanding where sediments are produced and delivered will guide decision-makers, land use planners, and watershed managers in monitoring and planning the Bontanga watershed.
Investigating improved drinking water quality at the point of access: Evidence from four regions of Indonesia
Authors: Irianti Sri , Sasto Iman Harisma Saleh , Mbarep Daniel Putra Pardamean , Dharmayanti Ika , Yunianto Andre , Zahra Zahra , Puspita Tities , Hidayangsih Puti Sari , Rachmat Basuki , Anwar Athena , Azhar Khadijah
Published: January 2024

To meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.1.1. indicator of the ‘proportion of the population using safely managed drinking water services (SMDWS)’, data on the state of drinking water quality in Indonesia is needed. Therefore, a cluster survey was conducted in 2019 to investigate the access to, availability of, and quality of drinking water from 870 improved drinking water sources (IDWS) in four regions. The methods involved sanitary inspection, assessment of household water management and water quality examination. Based on four levels of sanitary risks determined by World Health Organization (WHO), the IDWS in Sumatra had the highest percentage of sources categorised as `low-risk' among the four regions. The percentage of samples in compliance with the national standards for total coliforms and Escherichia coli was 21.49 and 42.64%, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of SMDWS was 35.9%, which was higher than the previous Indonesian surveys in 2015 and 2020. These findings indicate that bacteriological contamination was present in the IDWS and sanitary risk factors were a good predictor of drinking water quality. The study suggests that proper implementation of drinking water surveillance through sanitary inspection, water quality testing and remedial actions of non-piped water sources is imperative towards achieving SDG 6.1.1.
Hydrological assessment of the Gundlakamma sub-basin through SWAT modeling: integration of land use land cover (LULC) and climate changes
Authors: Sivakumar Babu K. V. , Achuthan Aravindan , Ahmad Shamshaad
Published: January 2024

Gundlakamma sub-basin faces challenges with increasing water demand and climate change impacts, requiring innovative solutions for sustainable water management. The study was conducted to improve the long-term utilization of water resources in Andhra Pradesh. To accomplish this, the study attempts to estimate LULC change detection and its impact on water resources by analyzing the performance of the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model. From 2005 to 2021, the amount of cropland decreased while built-up land increased, indicating urban growth. The SWAT model identifies hydrological processes and assesses the temporal and spatial distribution of water resources in the watershed. Statistical parameters results reveal that a good match was found between actual and modeled flows with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.75 for both calibration and validation periods. The area has average annual precipitation, surface runoff, water yield, and actual evapotranspiration of 949.96, 215.6, 469.24, and 429.15 mm, respectively. The SWAT model's fascinating outcomes demonstrate that it could be a promising decision support tool for predicting water balance and water yield in other watersheds of Andhra Pradesh for sustainable water management of water resources where water quality and quantity are critical issues.
Stochastic model applied to water demand management in Brazil
Authors: Silva Santos Vanessa , Gadea Anderson , Cohim Eduardo
Published: January 2024

The increasing scarcity of water sources near urban areas, coupled with urbanization and population growth, necessitates the development of solutions that optimize water demand management, which entails a more accurate estimation of consumption patterns and implementing measures that promote the rational use of water. A stochastic residential water demand model was built based on the superposition of pulses of constant intensity and variable arrival time and duration applied to the microcomponent consumption at a 1-minute resolution, reflecting the aggregate system contributions to the total instantaneous demand. The model can support the planning of water supply systems (WSSs) and was calibrated using data from Brazilian institutes combined with a literature review of statistical data on users and end uses of water in Brazilian dwellings. Innovatively, it proposes using water demand forecasting to apply demand management measures evaluating the replacement of conventional devices for water-saving ones by analyzing hydrographs of 50–50,000 households, in addition to detailing the influence of the K2 peak factor. The results demonstrated a new water consumption profile with about a 40% reduction in water demand. A new equation for K2 is proposed as an alternative to estimate the demand for small populations fittingly.
Manual de producción de semilla de aguacate criollo en vivero en los Montes de María
Authors: Novoa Yanez Rafael Segundo , Araújo-Vásquez Hernando Alberto , Cadena-Torres Jorge , Grandett-Martínez Liliana María , López-Rebolledo Leonardo Andrés , Panza-Tapia Blas Dagor , Medina Mérida Magda Jenny
Published: January 2024

La subregión de Montes de María, localizada en la costa norte de Colombia, específicamente en los departamentos de Sucre y Bolívar, históricamente ha sido una zona geográfica que ha contribuido de manera relevante al desarrollo económico de esta región, cuyo principal sistema productivo es el aguacate. Los cultivares pertenecen a materiales de tipo criollo o regional, descendientes de razas antillanas o aguacates verdes, caracterizados por su rusticidad, tolerancia a enfermedades y adaptación a factores de estrés biótico y abiótico. El objetivo fundamental de este manual es ofrecer una herramienta básica y funcional para los productores, organizaciones y asistentes técnicos dedicados al proceso de producción de semilla de calidad de aguacate. Se busca primeramente propiciar la disponibilidad de material de calidad para la siembra de nuevas áreas y, en segundo lugar, garantizar la sostenibilidad del sistema productivo para los procesos de repoblamiento de nuevos materiales sobre áreas afectadas por problemas sanitarios y ambientales. Para lograr estos objetivos, se tuvo en cuenta la normatividad vigente para el proceso de producción y comercialización de semilla de calidad de aguacate, contenida en la Resolución ICA 780006 del 25 de noviembre del 2020. Así mismo, los procesos metodológicos empleados para la obtención de los materiales de siembra con características de calidad física, fisiológica, genética y sanitaria, partieron inicialmente del trabajo conjunto y participativo con los productores de la región, desde los componentes de selección de árboles élite, las experiencias obtenidas en los procesos de producción controlada de materiales progenie —desarrollados en la sede Carmen de Bolívar del Centro de Investigación Turipaná—, la creación del Plan Nacional de Semilla (PNS- Agrosavia) a través de un sistema riguroso de evaluación y testeo procedimental, hasta la obtención de un material de siembra apto para el establecimiento de acuerdo con las condiciones agroecológicas de esta región.
Electronic Health Record and Semantic Issues Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: Systematic Mapping Review
Authors: Amar Fouzia , April Alain , Abran Alain
Published: January 2024

Background

The increasing use of electronic health records and the Internet of Things has led to interoperability issues at different levels (structural and semantic). Standards are important not only for successfully exchanging data but also for appropriately interpreting them (semantic interoperability). Thus, to facilitate the semantic interoperability of data exchanged in health care, considerable resources have been deployed to improve the quality of shared clinical data by structuring and mapping them to the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard.

Objective

The aims of this study are 2-fold: to inventory the studies on FHIR semantic interoperability resources and terminologies and to identify and classify the approaches and contributions proposed in these studies.

Methods

A systematic mapping review (SMR) was conducted using 10 electronic databases as sources of information for inventory and review studies published during 2012 to 2022 on the development and improvement of semantic interoperability using the FHIR standard.

Results

A total of 70 FHIR studies were selected and analyzed to identify FHIR resource types and terminologies from a semantic perspective. The proposed semantic approaches were classified into 6 categories, namely mapping (31/126, 24.6%), terminology services (18/126, 14.3%), resource description framework or web ontology language–based proposals (24/126, 19%), annotation proposals (18/126, 14.3%), machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) proposals (20/126, 15.9%), and ontology-based proposals (15/126, 11.9%). From 2012 to 2022, there has been continued research in 6 categories of approaches as well as in new and emerging annotations and ML and NLP proposals. This SMR also classifies the contributions of the selected studies into 5 categories: framework or architecture proposals, model proposals, technique proposals, comparison services, and tool proposals. The most frequent type of contribution is the proposal of a framework or architecture to enable semantic interoperability.

Conclusions

This SMR provides a classification of the different solutions proposed to address semantic interoperability using FHIR at different levels: collecting, extracting and annotating data, modeling electronic health record data from legacy systems, and applying transformation and mapping to FHIR models and terminologies. The use of ML and NLP for unstructured data is promising and has been applied to specific use case scenarios. In addition, terminology services are needed to accelerate their use and adoption; furthermore, techniques and tools to automate annotation and ontology comparison should help reduce human interaction.
Long-Term Effectiveness of a Multi-Strategy Choice Architecture Intervention in Increasing Healthy Food Choices of High-School Students From Online Canteens (Click & Crunch High Schools): Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Delaney Tessa , Jackson Jacklyn , Lecathelinais Christophe , Clinton-McHarg Tara , Lamont Hannah , Yoong Sze Lin , Wolfenden Luke , Sutherland Rachel , Wyse Rebecca
Published: January 2024

Background

School canteens are a recommended setting to influence adolescent nutrition due to their scope to improve student food choices. Online lunch ordering systems (“online canteens”) are increasingly used and represent attractive infrastructure to implement choice architecture interventions that nudge users toward healthier food choices. A recent cluster randomized controlled trial demonstrated the short-term effectiveness (2-month follow-up) of a choice architecture intervention to increase the healthiness of foods purchased by high school students from online canteens. However, there is little evidence regarding the long-term effectiveness of choice architecture interventions targeting adolescent food purchases, particularly those delivered online.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the long-term effectiveness of a multi-strategy choice architecture intervention embedded within online canteen infrastructure in high schools at a 15-month follow-up.

Methods

A cluster randomized controlled trial was undertaken with 1331 students (from 9 high schools) in New South Wales, Australia. Schools were randomized to receive the automated choice architecture intervention (including menu labeling, positioning, feedback, and prompting strategies) or the control (standard online ordering). The foods purchased were classified according to the New South Wales Healthy Canteen strategy as either “everyday,” “occasional,” or “should not be sold.” Primary outcomes were the average proportion of “everyday,” “occasional,” and “should not be sold” items purchased per student. Secondary outcomes were the mean energy, saturated fat, sugar, and sodium content of purchases. Outcomes were assessed using routine data collected by the online canteen.

Results

From baseline to 15-month follow-up, on average, students in the intervention group ordered significantly more “everyday” items (+11.5%, 95% CI 7.3% to 15.6%; P<.001), and significantly fewer “occasional” (–5.4%, 95% CI –9.4% to –1.5%; P=.007) and “should not be sold” items (–6%, 95% CI –9.1% to –2.9%; P<.001), relative to controls. There were no between-group differences over time in the mean energy, saturated fat, sugar, or sodium content of lunch orders.

Conclusions

Given their longer-term effectiveness, choice architecture interventions delivered via online canteens may represent a promising option for policy makers to support healthy eating among high school students.

Trial Registration

Australian Clinical Trials ACTRN12620001338954, https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380546 ; Open Science Framework osf.io/h8zfr, https://osf.io/h8zfr/
Integrating Multimodal Theory in English Vocabulary Pedagogy: Innovations and Insights in Junior High School Education
Authors: Qian Luo
Published: January 2024

As the basic building block of language, vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. It forms the foundation of grammar, sentences and discourse, and it is also the bridge for cross-cultural communication. Through vocabulary teaching, students can achieve effective communication and interaction. Multimodal theory emphasizes the dynamic learning of language, which involves using various senses such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic senses, attempting to stimulate students’ enthusiasm and language proficiency through media like sound, images, and videos. Applying multimodal theory in junior high school English vocabulary teaching can not only develop students’ critical thinking and promote deep learning, but also meet modern needs and enhance core competencies. The author applies multimodal theory into junior high school English vocabulary teaching and employs the APPLE teaching model to analyze teaching case, illustrating the specific operational steps and methods of this theory.
A Comprehensive Review on Intelligence Control for Complex System
Authors: Jubair Md , Sabbir Hossain MD , Lazarous Ngulube , Abdulkarem Hantosh Ali Hasan , Paul Shimul , khan Muhammad Sabeeh , Arfan Mohammed , Rakib Abdullah al
Published: January 2024

Control system intellectualization issues are observed. The need for intellectualization of a diverse variety of systems and control approaches is supported. The hierarchy of intellectual control levels is examined, and various artificial intelligence methods are compared. Intelligence control for complex systems involves using advanced algorithms and techniques, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, to effectively manage and manipulate complex systems. This includes creating models and simulations to understand the system's behavior, sensing and acquiring real-time data, preprocessing and analyzing the data, making decisions based on the analyzed data and system models, adapting control strategies in real-time, facilitating human-machine interaction, monitoring performance, and optimizing control strategies. The goal is to improve efficiency, safety, reliability, and overall performance of complex systems in various domains.
Коллекция месопотамских древностей в Йенском университете им. Фридриха Шиллера: история и характеристика собрания
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the RAS (12, Rozhdestvenka St., 107031 Moscow, Russian Federation), Lidov Andrei A.
Published: January 2024

The “Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection”, kept at the Institute of Languages and Cultures of the Middle East at Friedrich Schiller University in Jena, is the largest collection of Babylonian antiquities in Germany, rivaling in its cultural and historical significance the collections of the Museum of the Ancient Middle East in Berlin, the University of Pennsylvania Museum in Philadelphia, the Yale Babylonian Collection in New Haven, the Archaeological Museum in Istanbul, the British Museum in London, the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford and a number of other thematic museum collections. Standing out from their background due to the quality of objects, mainly discovered during the excavations of Nippur and dated from the Sumerian and Old Akkadian period (IV–III thousand BC) up to the early Islamic period, the Jena collection plays an important role in the study of culture, history, science and literature of the peoples of ancient Mesopotamia. The purpose of this article is an analytical review of this collection, highlighting the most significant and interesting artifacts, as well as considering the history of the origin, movement and study of this collection. Special attention is paid to the literary cuneiform tablets, some of which are unique and no longer found in any of the Mesopotamian collections, as well as the one-of-a-kind map of Nippur, dating from the middle of the II millennium BC and considered as the oldest map of the city in the world. The most important topic of the publication and translation of the texts of the tablets and the step-by-step digitization of all the objects of the collection is also touched upon.