bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of Big Peasant Clans in the Russian North Based on the State Descriptions of the Vazhsky District from 17th to the Early 18th Century
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vovina-Lebedeva Varvara
Published: November 2022

Introduction. State descriptions of the northern peasant volosts of Russia demonstrate the features and techniques of business writing, typical for the Russian Middle Ages and early modern times. Methods and materials. The article analyzes scribal and census books for several villages of the volost Kurgomen of the Podvinskaya quarter of the Vazhsky district beyond the middle 17th – first half 18 centuries. On the basis of a microanalysis of peasant genealogies, several family clans of peasants living in neighboring villages were identified, the family surnames of the peasants were investigated. Analysis. The development or extinction of peasant clans, and some features of intra-family relations and the dynamics of population displacement at the village / volost level have been traced. The given data confirm the well-known fact that during the censuses, some of the peasants were hiding from the description. The period of Peter I caused heavy damage to the northern villages. The analyzed material shows that only large family clans were able to preserve themselves and their importance in the parish. Results. The results obtained in the article relate not only to the process of folding the branched peasant clans, which played a significant role in the volost and parish, defending, first of all, their own interests, but also the problems of the reliability of state descriptions.
Fraturas expostas isoladas da diáfise da tíbia: estudo prospectivo observacional em sete hospitais de dois países da América Latina
Authors: BELANGERO WILLIAM DIAS , FOGAGNOLO FABRICIO , KOJIMA KODI EDSON , MIGUEL GUILHERME CHOHFI DE , BIDOLEGUI FERNANDO , BERTUNE ALEJANDRO DANIEL , LOMBARDO ERNESTO , DIAS ADÉLIO DE LIMA , TORRES JOÃO BATISTA MANZOLI , COUTINHO BRUNO PARILHA , SILVA JORGE DOS SANTOS , LEONHARDT MARCOS DE CAMARGO , PEREIRA PABLO SEBASTIÁN , MARIOLANI JOSÉ RICARDO LENZI , GIORDANO VINCENZO
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Introdução: o tratamento de fraturas expostas isoladas da diáfise da tíbia (FEIDT) apresenta desafios por frequentemente associar severa lesão óssea com condições ruins de tecido mole, fatores relevantes em países de média e baixa renda, especialmente devido a atrasos na implementação da fixação definitiva e falta de treinamento adequado no manejo de tecidos moles. Consequentemente, FEIDTs representam importante fonte de incapacitação na América Latina. Este estudo objetivou apresentar uma visão geral das FEIDTs em sete hospitais do cone sul da América Latina. O objetivo secundário foi avaliar o seu impacto na qualidade de vida baseado na taxa de retorno ao trabalho (TRT). Métodos: foram incluídos no estudo pacientes com FEIDT tratados em sete hospitais de Brasil e Argentina entre novembro de 2017 e março de 2020. Resultados clínicos e radiográficos foram analisados num período de 120 dias. Avaliação final comparou TRT com o questionário SF-12, consolidação óssea e condições de marcha. Resultados: setenta e dois pacientes foram tratados, 57 seguidos por 120 dias e 48 completaram o questionário SF-12. Após 120 dias, 70,6% havia retornado ao trabalho, 61,4% tinha fratura consolidada. Idade, antibioticoterapia, tipo de tratamento definitivo e infecção influenciaram significativamente na TRT. A condição de marcha apresentou forte correlação com TRT e o componente físico do SF-12. Conclusão: FEIDTs são potencialmente deletérias à qualidade de vida dos pacientes 120 dias após o tratamento inicial. TRT é significativamente maior para pacientes mais jovens, sem história de infecção e que conseguem correr na avaliação da condição de marcha..
Experience of a resident physician in general surgery basic area on board of an expedition in the amazon river
Authors: MILANI MARINA FANELLI LUCHIARI , SILVESTRE DANIELA , MARIM JULIANA
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Located in areas of difficult access, the riverside population of the upper Amazon River has a great demand for health care, whether in the scope of basic health promotion or in general or specialized medical care, surgical procedures, dental and pharmaceutical care. Taking this to consideration, the Barco Hospital Papa Francisco project was conceived and implemented, which aims to provide health care to riverside communities through expeditions that safely transfer health resources to populations located on the banks of the river. Having participated in one of the expeditions, it was possible to carry out a survey of data regarding the attendance and writing of a personal report on the impact on the professional activity. The expedition allowed the performance of a large number of surgical procedures in a condensed period, covering a wide variety of technical approaches essential to the performance of the general surgeon, among them, we can mention inguinal and incisional hernioplasties, umbilical and inguinal herniorrhaphy, postectomy and tubal ligation, lipoma excision, sebaceous cyst excision, nevi excision, among others (data available in the vessels Wareline® system).
Effect of Raphanus raphanistrum on chronic kidney disease induced by ethanol in animal model rats
Authors: Mushtaq R. , Khwaja S. , Akram A. , Karim A. , Abbasi S. R. , Baqa K.
Published: November 2022

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Raphanus raphanistrum (radish) on chronic kidney disease damage by reactive oxygen species or free radicals in animal model rats. Total of 18 rats were used in this study, divided into 3 groups and each group consist of 6 rats. Group 1 control (C), group 2 model (M) and group 3 test (T). Model and test group were treated with alcohol to produce chronic kidney disease by reactive oxygen spices for 9 weeks a dose of 1 ml. After that test group was treated with Raphanus raphanistrum juice for 4 weeks 80mg/kg body weight to determine it effect. Raphanus raphanistrum juice effect on behavior of rats through increases the locomotor activity and anxiety. The serum creatinine and uric acid level were significantly improved in T group. The reactive oxygen enzyme test shows that Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) was increase in T group. The Glutathione S-Transferases (GST) and Catalase (CAT) enzyme level was nearly same in C and T groups. This study concludes that compound 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl found in Raphanus raphanistrum juice and possess strong antioxidant activity on Chronic kidney disease induce by ethanol through reactive oxygen species. There is need of more researches to determine the use of natural compound to treat different disease.
Las relaciones causa-efecto en las ecuaciones de Maxwell y sus implicancias en la enseñanza del electromagnetismo en los cursos introductorios de Física
Authors: Suárez Alvaro , Martí Arturo C. , Zuza Kristina , Guisasola Jenaro
Published: November 2022

Un tratamiento superficial de las ecuaciones de Maxwell puede llevar a interpretar la existencia de una relación causal entre los diferentes términos y, por ende, que un campo eléctrico variable en el tiempo genera un magnético y viceversa. En este artículo abordamos los problemas asociados a dichas interpretaciones y sus consecuencias para la enseñanza de la física en cursos introductorios de física universitaria. Primero desarrollamos los principales argumentos que sustentan que las densidades de carga y de corriente, constantes o variables en el tiempo son las generadoras de los campos eléctricos y magnéticos. Proponemos luego una serie de ejemplos a nivel de cursos introductorios que nos permiten discutir las razones por las cuales considerar los campos eléctrico y magnético como entidades disjuntas conduce a contradicciones. Finalmente, analizamos sus implicaciones en la enseñanza de la física.
Diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: recommendations of the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology
Authors: Parmera Jacy Bezerra , Tumas Vitor , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai , Spitz Mariana , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Smid Jerusa , Barbosa Breno José Alencar Pires , Schilling Lucas Porcello , Balthazar Márcio Luiz Figueiredo , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Vale Francisco Assis Carvalho , Caramelli Paulo , Bertolucci Paulo Henrique Ferreira , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Nitrini Ricardo , Castilhos Raphael Machado , Frota Norberto Anízio Ferreira
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) represent the second most common type of degenerative dementia in patients aged 65 years and older, leading to progressive cognitive dysfunction and impaired quality of life. This study aims to provide a consensus based on a systematic Brazilian literature review and a comprehensive international review concerning PDD and DLB. Moreover, we sought to report on and give recommendations about the best diagnostic approaches focusing on primary and secondary care. Based on the available data, we recommend clinicians to apply at least one brief global cognitive instrument to assess PDD, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and preferably the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised. Validated instruments to accurately assess functional abilities in Brazilian PD patients are still incipient. Further studies should focus on biomarkers with Brazilian cohorts.
Dilemas éticos del ejercicio pericial en el entorno laboral
Authors: Ramos Camilo Ferreira
Published: November 2022

Resumen Las decisiones sobre cuestiones relacionados con la salud del servidor público, como la licencia para tratamiento, se basan en los resultados de una pericia médica realizada por un profesional médico. Los servidores son periciados por medio del denominado Subsistema Integrado de Atención a la Salud del Servidor. Sin embargo, tanto los peritos que actúan en él como los periciados comparten el mismo entorno laboral, lo que puede dar lugar a situaciones conflictivas y dilemas éticos. Este artículo aborda el tema desde la perspectiva de un perito de la Administración Pública Federal, buscando dar énfasis ar la ética, al respeto a los principios deontológicos, al primor técnico y al sentido común como los elementos orientadores para el equilibrio entre la función de perito y la proximidad personal con el compañero de trabajo.
Percepción de los adolescentes con lesión medular sobre la autonomía
Authors: Correia Isabel Cristina , Seidl Eliane Maria Fleury
Published: November 2022

Resumen Considerando que, desde los derechos humanos del paciente, los aspectos bioéticos de autonomía relacional son importantes para constituir la autonomía como proyecto de vida, se analizó la percepción del proceso de autonomía en adolescentes con lesión medular de un programa de rehabilitación. Es un estudio transversal cualicuantitativo, que utilizó entrevistas para recopilar datos y el software Iramuteq para analizarlos. Participaron 14 adolescentes, 50% del sexo masculino, 29% residentes en el Distrito Federal, 71% con paraplejía. Del análisis de datos cualitativos emergieron cinco clases: programa de rehabilitación (20,9%); autonomía (21,8%); relaciones familiares (16,7%); sentimientos y experiencias (23,9%); y rutina (16,7%). La madre fue la principal cuidadora (64%), y la autonomía estuvo relacionada frecuentemente con el concepto de independencia. Otras formas de relación respaldan el modelo de autonomía relacional, con la identificación de desafíos intrínsecos y extrínsecos a la condición de estos participantes desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos del paciente.
Complejidad y transdisciplinariedad en el currículo médico comprometido con las bioéticas latinoamericanas
Authors: Silva Viviane Xavier de Lima e , Vieira Vinícius Batista , Feitosa Saulo Ferreira
Published: November 2022

Resumen Este ensayo muestra, basándose en la bioética, la transformación del currículo de medicina en Brasil del modelo multidisciplinar al modelo inter- o transdisciplinar. Desde una revisión narrativa se discute la teoría de la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad bajo una analogía de cómo las bioéticas latinoamericanas utilizan esa teoría para comprender la realidad, sentando bases conceptuales para un currículo de medicina que supere una formación fragmentaria. Para las bioéticas del sur global, el pensamiento complejo y la transdisciplinariedad son claves para comprender una realidad no reduccionista, abierta a la construcción de saberes que no se restringen a la explicación biomédica de mundo. Asimismo, para una formación médica con visión amplia de la salud y que valora los determinantes sociales y subjetivos del proceso salud-enfermedad, el currículo debe propiciar la reconexión de saberes. La introducción del pensamiento complejo en el currículo de medicina puede fomentar una enseñanza no reduccionista.
Actuación armonizada de un equipo multidisciplinario de salud: la deshospitalización humanizada
Authors: Horiguchi Lissa , Carvalho Lourran Lenci , Umeda Edson , Borba Marina
Published: November 2022

Resumen Este reporte de caso clínico describe y analiza una experiencia de deshospitalización infantil prolongada en un hospital público a partir de la actuación armonizada de un equipo multidisciplinario de salud. Este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio en que realizó una revisión de la literatura utilizando técnicas de búsqueda bibliográfica y documental a través de un levantamiento retrospectivo de historias clínicas. Los resultados fueron discutidos a partir de tres categorías: vulnerabilidades físicas, sociales, psicológicas y éticas de las enfermedades crónicas incapacitantes; actuación del equipo multidisciplinario en desinstitucionalización; y políticas de salud de atención domiciliaria. Se concluyó que el proceso logró reducir el tiempo de hospitalización y el número de futuros reingresos, reducir costos al sistema de salud y reinsertar al paciente en la comunidad y en la familia, proporcionando así una mejor estructuración del sistema y una atención humanizada centrada en el individuo y la familia.
Advance directive of will: knowledge and use by resident physicians
Authors: Murasse Luisa Saemi , Ribeiro Uiara Raiana Vargas de Castro Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Abstract Care planning based on advance directives is vital to preserve the autonomy and dignity of patients. In view of this, this study sought to verify the level of knowledge of medical residents of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, about them and their use in clinical practice. The feeling of these professionals regarding their knowledge and safety about the instrument was also evaluated. A quantitative and cross-sectional research was carried out by applying a structured questionnaire on a digital platform with a final sample of 45 participants. The results indicate that the knowledge of these professionals about the concept and legal aspects of advance directives is insufficient.
Enfoque bioético: produção do conhecimento em enfermagem no Brasil
Authors: Borges Grasiely Faccin , Santos Caio Rodrigues dos , Borges Fábio Jambeiro Santana
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este artigo busca contribuir para o processo de reflexão crítica sobre a produção do conhecimento em enfermagem com enfoque bioético em publicações brasileiras. Trata-se de revisão bibliográfica realizada por meio de buscas na SciELO utilizando os descritores “enfermagem”, “bioética” e “ética”, incluindo artigos publicados entre 1999 e 2019. Como resultado, identificaram-se 43 artigos e, após aplicar critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 16 trabalhos, cujos temas eram ensino da ética/bioética para o curso de enfermagem, seguido por terapia intensiva/ou terminalidade, doação de órgãos e atendimento/ação/cuidar em saúde. Verificou-se transição entre os temas emergentes considerando o contexto histórico no decorrer dos anos e o interesse da área.
Ética médica y bioética entre estudiantes de medicina
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Faraco de , Oliveira Evelise Faraco de
Published: November 2022

Resumen Los conocimientos de ética médica y bioética son claves para el correcto actuar del profesional médico. Este trabajo pretende conocer y plantear discusiones sobre ética médica y bioética entre estudiantes de medicina a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario. Se constató que la mayoría (89%) de estos estudiantes consideran el tema muy importante. Solamente el 9,2% consideró el desarrollo del tema excelente; el 34,5%, bueno; el 34,5%, regular y; el 21,8%, malo. Los estudiantes sostienen que hay una mejor discusión del tema en las actividades prácticas o en discusiones en grupos pequeños. Se concluye que el tema de la ética médica y la bioética fue considerado de gran importancia por casi todos los participantes, lo que es necesario identificar los parámetros adecuados y precisar cómo los estudiantes entienden el tema para aplicar un enfoque adecuado a la formación médica.
Urbanización informal en Bogotá, entre la teoría y la política urbana
Authors: Rincón Castellanos Milena , Hernández-García Jaime
Published: November 2022

Resumen Existe una amplia literatura que aborda las distintas perspectivas en el estudio de la urbanización informal, así como también de las políticas de intervención inspiradas en dichas teorías. En este texto se abordan los vínculos y desconexiones entre estos dos ámbitos en el caso de Bogotá. Para lo anterior, se toma como punto de partida una síntesis de las líneas teóricas que han orientado el entendimiento de la urbanización informal en América Latina desde los años 1940s y, para Bogotá, se identifican las principales políticas urbanas que ha enfrentado la urbanización informal desde principios del siglo XX hasta el 2021. Este artículo discute como las acciones de política entran en tensión a la luz de las teorías. Las políticas urbanas han dado giros desde las primeras respuestas en torno a la erradicación de estos asentamientos, hasta intereses más recientes de incluir el derecho a la ciudad, y miradas feministas que aún se están consolidando. El desafío actual parece apuntar a la deslocalización de la causa del empobrecimiento y exclusión en la urbanización informal hacia las estructuras sociales y políticas. Mirada que implica el reconocimiento de las posiciones jerárquicas y desiguales que emergen en los procesos de planeación.
SARS software for analysis of radiographic images of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) RD Webster seeds
Authors: Ramos Amanda Karoliny Fernandes , Medeiros André Dantas de , Pereira Márcio Dias , Araújo Yuri Felipe , Silva Laércio Junio da , Alves Charline Zaratin
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Recently is growing the need for non-invasive, fast, and accurate technologies that can predict seed quality. Between these technologies, X-ray image analysis stand out for evaluation of the internal morphology of the seeds. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of a specialized software for analyzing digital radiographs of Urochloa decumbens seeds called SARS (Sistema de Análise de Radiografias de Sementes - Seed Radiograph Analysis System). Five comercial seed lots of U. decumbens cv. Basilisk were used. The seed lots were produced in the 2018/2019 crop season. Radiographic images of the seeds were analyzed in SARS, through which physical characteristics were obtained. The seeds were then subjected to germination test, in which variables related to the physiological quality were evaluated. It was possible to observe that the seeds with greater germination and vigor showed strong and significant correlations with some of the physical variables obtained using SARS. Thus, high correlation of seedling length and relative seed density is important for validating the seed radiographic image analysis method. SARS proved to be an efficient tool for analyzing digital radiographs of U. decumbens seeds. It can generate descriptors which support morphometric and internal analysis of the seeds. Physical parameters obtained by using the technique have close relationship with the germination and vigor of the seeds.
Reservoir operation in the context of inter-basin water transfer
Authors: Câmara Maiara de Lemos , Medeiros Joana Darc Freire de , Maia Adelena Gonçalves
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Inter-basin water-transfer projects are used as a possible solution to increasing water scarcity in many regions, but these projects are often expensive and require large infrastructures, so their benefits need to be maximised and their costs reduced. In this context, this study’s objective was to define technical criteria to operate water reservoirs in the context of water transfer between river basins by using Brazil’s Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves (ARG) reservoir in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, one of the reservoirs receiving water from the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF), as a case study. The results demonstrate that using hydrological conditions to define when and how much water to transfer is extremely important for water resource management, as it increases reservoir efficiency and reduces transferred volumes, thereby cutting costs.
“Nós, mulheres quilombolas, sabemos a dor uma da outra”: uma investigação sobre sororidade e ocupação
Authors: Pereira Amanda dos Santos , Allegretti Maitê , Magalhães Lilian
Published: November 2022

Resumo Introdução No Brasil, as mulheres quilombolas foram e são essenciais para a sobrevivência dos quilombos. Elas são as responsáveis por transmitir as tradições, preservar os recursos naturais e cuidar do lar e da terra. Assim, os marcadores históricos de organização social e familiar orientam a produção e reprodução de seus papéis ocupacionais nesse contexto. Objetivos Neste artigo, refletimos sobre a insurgência das mulheres quilombolas a partir da peculiaridade da sororidade, dororidade e disparidade de gênero nas ocupações de mulheres quilombolas. Método Esta reflexão resultou de estudo conduzido com nove mulheres residentes em um quilombo localizado no interior do estado da Bahia, Brasil, através de entrevistas, escrevivências e uso do método Photovoice. Resultados O estudo evidenciou que as ocupações realizadas pelas participantes são atravessadas pelo gênero e condicionadas pelo racismo e sexismo, além dos modos peculiares de funcionamento interno do grupo e das formas tradicionais de vida no quilombo. Conclusões As mulheres assumem a maior parte do gerenciamento do quilombo da Pinguela através do senso de coletividade e união, que permite que elas articulem uma contínua rede de solidariedade e apoio. No Brasil, os estudos sobre o trabalho de terapeutas ocupacionais com mulheres quilombolas são escassos; portanto, sugerimos que, em sua prática profissional, terapeutas ocupacionais assumam um compromisso ético-político e adotem perspectivas críticas articuladas a partir do feminismo afro-latino-americano para desenvolver práticas coletivas como forma de intervenção.
Dimensões metodológicas do Atlântico Negro: revisitando a obra de Paul Gilroy
Authors: Abreu Mariana
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este artigo procura considerar a ideia do Atlântico Negro, popularizada por Paul Gilroy, como uma ferramenta metodológica em duas dimensões: enquanto unidade de análise e enquanto paradigma. Considero que, para além do debate teórico na obra do autor, existem elementos pouco sistematizados que podem ser mobilizados em análises da diáspora negra, com a finalidade de observar contextos e problemas diferentes daquele observado originalmente. Primeiramente, discuto o Atlântico Negro como unidade de análise, levando em consideração as críticas e reformulações relativas a duas lacunas na formulação original dessa unidade: a dimensão de gênero e o papel da África nos processos de formação da diáspora negra. Em segundo lugar, busco considerar o Atlântico Negro como um paradigma analítico capaz de incitar análises que levem em conta o papel da hegemonia e do imperialismo nessa unidade, e a importância de observar a dimensão política, assim como estética, nos processos que ocorrem na diáspora.
Feminismos africanos e teoria política feminista: encontros conceituais e epistemológicos
Authors: Lenine Enzo , Alves Joyce Amâncio de Aquino
Published: November 2022

Resumo As especificidades das mulheres africanas e de sua inserção e envolvimento com a política despertam a seguinte questão: quais os potenciais pontos de encontro entre os feminismos africanos e as teorias políticas feministas? Argumentamos, neste artigo, que uma teoria política feminista africana deve dialogar de forma crítica com suas congêneres no Ocidente, bem como incorporar as experiências autóctones. Apontamos categorias analíticas das teorias políticas feministas e abordagens epistemológicas centradas no ponto de vista como caminhos para estabelecer canais de diálogo entre os feminismos africanos e a teoria política. Propomos como potenciais pontos de encontro a posicionalidade da mulher africana dentro das suas variadas interseccionalidades e a justiça de gênero como articulação teórica e normativa de suas demandas particulares.
Pelo fio do nome: relações transnacionais no processo de provimento material do Ginásio Paranaense (1892-1906)
Authors: Garcia Gecia Aline , Souza Gizele de
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este texto utiliza-se de aspectos provenientes da pesquisa realizada no âmbito do curso de mestrado, bem como no de doutorado, situada nos debates sobre o provimento material escolar, a história da educação e a abordagem transnacional. Na esteira do método onomástico de Carlo Ginzburg (1991), com o fio do nome, foi encontrada uma maneira de apreender os sujeitos envolvidos no processo de suprimento e fabricação dos móveis escolares destinados ao Ginásio Paranaense em fins do século XIX e início do XX. Desse modo, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e mapear as referências transnacionais no processo de consumo dos artefatos dirigidos ao ensino secundário, averiguando quais necessidades eram postas e como eram satisfeitas. A empiria documental corresponde a artigos de jornais consultados por meio da Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional; relatórios e ofícios de representantes governamentais, consultados no Departamento de Arquivo Público Paranaense; além de fontes iconográficas encontradas no acervo do Colégio Estadual do Paraná e atas do Museu Maçônico do Paraná. O trabalho tem como arcabouço teórico as contribuições de Serge Gruzinski (2001) no que se refere às conexões internacionais e intercontinentais no processo da investigação histórica; Eugenia Roldán Vera e Eckhardt Fuchs (2019) com a discussão sobre a história transnacional no âmbito educacional; e Cynthia Greive Veiga (2018) para compreender as margens existentes entre as necessidades da escola e como estas são atendidas.
La colonia(es) de las hormigas: colonizadores, insectos y la pelea por el Nuevo Mundo en el siglo XVI1
Authors: Santos Christian Fausto Moraes dos , Fiori Marlon Marcel , Silva Filho Wellington Bernardelli
Published: November 2022

Resumen: Este artículo analiza las descripciones de hormigas hechas por los colonizadores españoles y portugueses en el Nuevo Mundo en el siglo XVI. Utiliza como fuentes documentales memorias, cartas, relatos de viajen, tratados y crónicas escritas por los colonizadores y misioneros. A partir de estos informes, se analiza la fascinación de los colonizadores con la organización y extensa diversidad de hormigas, la aparición de la superpoblación de estos insectos y, en especial, la relación de este fenómeno con los cultivos europeos. Son analizadas también las técnicas y tácticas utilizadas para combatirlas, el uso terapéutico de estos insectos y el trato con las hormigas guerreras. Este grupo de insectos fue probablemente el que más compitió con los europeos por el dominio ambiental, y la investigación de la relación entre los dos permite profundizar la comprensión del proceso de colonización en América. 1
Rússia: a Grande Guerra Patriótica como política de memória
Authors: Rodrigues Henrique Canary
Published: November 2022

Resumo: O artigo analisa o papel da vitória da União Soviética na Grande Guerra Patriótica na atual política de memória do Estado russo. O recurso à vitória tem sido uma tática amplamente utilizada para obter coesão social e política em torno de Vladimir Putin. Ao mesmo tempo em que a sociedade russa se fragmenta política e socialmente em função das dificuldades enfrentadas pelo país, a memória sobre a vitória na Grande Guerra Patriótica torna-se, cada vez mais, um fator aglutinador e de autoidentificação nacional. Surgem novas “tradições inventadas” que visam ritualizar e “domesticar” a relação dos russos com a Guerra, fornecendo cada vez mais coesão ao tecido social.
A Signature Constructed Based on the Integrin Family Predicts Prognosis and Correlates with the Tumor Microenvironment of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Shusen , Liu Dengxiang , Ning Xuecong , Zhang Xiaochong , Lu Yuanyuan , Zhang Yang , Li Aimin , Gao Zhiguo , Wang Zhihua , Zhao Xiaoling , Chen Shubo , Cai Zhigang
Published: November 2022

As an important element in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), integrin plays a key role in tumor progression. This study aimed to establish prognostic signatures to predict the overall survival and identify the immune landscape of patients with lung adenocarcinoma based on integrins. The Cancer Genome Atlas-Lung Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-LUAD) and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets were used to obtain information on mRNA levels and clinical factors (GSE72094). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was used to create a prediction model that included six integrin genes. The nomogram, risk score, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis all revealed that the signatures had a good prognostic value. The gene signatures may be linked to carcinogenesis and TME, according to a gene set enrichment analysis. The immunological and stromal scores were computed using the ESTIMATE algorithm, and the data revealed, the low-risk group had a higher score. We discovered that the B lymphocytes, plasma, CD4+ T, dendritic, and mast cells were much higher in the group with low-risk using the CiberSort. Inflammatory processes and several HLA family genes were upregulated in the low-risk group. The low-risk group with a better prognosis is more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor medication, according to immunophenoscore (IPS) research. We found that the patients in the high-risk group were more susceptible to chemotherapy than other group patients, according to the prophetic algorithm. The gene signatures could accurately predict the prognosis, identify the immune status of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and provide guidance for therapy.
The Complexities of Teaching a Program to Find the Largest of Three Numbers in the CS1 Course
Authors:   Department of Computer Sciece and Engieering, Jain University, Karnataka., Lakshminaryanan Srinivasan
Published: November 2022

Abstract : This study explores social, cognitive, metacognitive, and affective aspects of teaching a simple programming problem by a lab instructor. Every programming problem in practice creates a unique teaching experience. The lab instructor is the implementer of the educational policies, curriculum, course design, institutional culture and represents the system for the student. As an essential point of contact between the system and the student, the instructor has an enormous opportunity to contribute to the students' learning. Therefore, there is a need to capture these experiences to improve the quality of instruction. A phenomenological lived experience method is adopted to describe teaching the example problem to find the largest of three numbers in a CS1 course. In the social domain, we present the difficulties faced due to differences in competency between instructors and teachers. In the cognitive domain, we present the difficulties due to the variations possible in the program and lack of time to teach the problem. In the metacognitive domain, we present the difficulties of engaging students at higher cognitive levels of applying, analyzing, and evaluating. Finally, in the affective domain, we present the difficulties related toacceptance, judgment, the time required for the relationship, and the need for completion. Keywords : Critical Pedagogy, CS1, Introductory Programming Course, Lived Experience, Reflective Practice
Study on the Correlation Between the Discrimination Index, Facilitation Value and Distractor Efficiency of a Formative Assessment Useful Tools for OBE Practices
Authors:   BMS Institute of Technology and Management, B.R Arun Kumar
Published: November 2022

Abstract- Different assessment tools are used to assess engineering knowledge and skills. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) and regular internal tests are commonly used techniques for assessing students. But often the imperfections in the framing of the question can affect students' results and impede the objective of evaluating their knowledge. In this article, the method of evaluating the quality of MCQs and internal test questions framed for PG students in a programming language was considered. For the analysis, Kelly's method was included by considering fast learning group and slow learning groups performances in both the methods of evaluation. Facilitation value, discrimination index, and distraction efficiency were estimated for the items attempted by the group of MCA students. The results obtained show that the item analysis provided necessary data for improvement in question formulation and helped in reviewing the quality of items and tests also. Questions having a lower difficulty index were significantly associated with a higher discrimination index and higher distractor efficiency. Keywords : Assessment, Difficulty index, Discrimination index, Distractor efficiency, Formative assessment.
Cloud Point Extraction Of Pb (II)-Vitamin B6 Complex In Aqueous Samples
Authors: BAŞATA Nilgün , SÜRME Yavuz
Published: November 2022

This study mainly centered on the preconcentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of lead ions by cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure. Complexation of Pb2+ and vitamin B6 prior to its preconcentration by cloud point extraction was achieved in the method. The solution pH, surfactant and vitamin B6 concentrations, interfering ions, incubation temperature and sample volume were optimized. The limit of quantication (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) values of the method were found as 7.88 and 25.99 respectively. The validation of the CPE method was achieved by the analyte adding (known concentration of Pb2+) to water samples such as natural spring waters and mineral waters.
CURRENT DIETARY APPROACHES IN SIBO
Authors: ÖNER SAYAR Caner
Published: November 2022

The gut microbiota and its effect on health are an issue that is given more and more importance. It has been reported that changes occur in the intestinal microbiota due to various factors such as drug use, old age, lifestyle and disease, which triggers a condition called bacterial growth in the small intestine (SIBO). Individuals with SIBO suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea and/or constipation, bloating, and abdominal pain that result from malabsorption or changes in intestinal permeability. Nutritional therapy is very important in the treatment of SIBO to reduce symptoms and prevent digestive and absorption deficiencies. However, there are insufficient data to support a specific dietary therapy for the treatment of SIBO. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to review the dietary approaches applied in SIBO and to review the literature. The cause, diagnosis, treatment and diets of SIBO were evaluated together with the literature. Content: This review contains up-to-date information on dietary approaches in SIBO. Method: In the research, a literature search was conducted using databases such as Science Direct and PubMed. Up-to-date and comprehensive data were used to compile this research. Results: Many studies emphasize the need to regulate diet to reduce symptoms in SIBO. Conclusion: The diagnosis of SIBO is difficult; however, the increase in research on microbiota in the coming years will increase the awareness of SIBO and will be effective in finding more effective treatment methods.
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 INFECTION: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: ÖZDEMİR ÖKTEM Ece , SAYMAN Dila , ÖZŞİMŞEK Ahmet , ÇANKAYA Şeyda , YULUĞ Burak
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, clinical and radiologic characteristics of cerebrovascular diseases associated with Covid-19 infection. Method: In this retrospective, descriptive study, 514 patients who were treated for cerebrovascular disease in our hospital between September 2020 and May 2022 were reviewed. Among 514 stroke patients, 44 patients who had acute cerebrovascular diseases during Covid-19 infection were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, stroke risk factors, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and laboratory test results were recorded. Results: Of the 500 patients retrospectively analyzed, 44 (8.8%) had a cerebrovascular event during Covid-19 infection. The mean age of the 44 patients included in the study was 72.02±10.36 years. Ischemic stroke was observed in 37 (84.1%) patients, intracranial hemorrhage in 5 (11.4%) patients and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in 2 (4.5%) patients. Anterior system infarcts were observed in 28 (77.8%) and posterior system infarcts in 8 (22.2%) patients with ischemic stroke. The most common infarct was determined as cardioembolic in nature (36.1%). The most common risk factor observed in patients was atherosclerosis and the most preferred treatment modality was acetylsalicylic acid. Conclusion: Cerebrovascular diseases during Covid-19 infection are frequently ischemic strokes involving the anterior system. Close neurological follow-up is recommended during Covid-19 infection, especially in elderly patients with atherosclerotic risk factors.
Second derivative Lipschitz type inequalities for an integral transform of positive operators in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Dragomir S.S.
Published: November 2022

For a continuous and positive function w (λ), λ > 0 and µ a positive measure on (0, ∞) we consider the following integral transform

D (w, µ) (T ) := ∫0∞w (λ) (λ + T ) −1 dµ (λ) ,

where the integral is assumed to exist for T a positive operator on a complex Hilbert space H. We show among others that, if A ≥ m 1 > 0, B ≥ m 2 > 0, then

||D (w, µ) (B) − D (w, µ) (A) − D (D (w, µ)) (A) (B − A)||

≤|B − A|2×[D(w,µ)(m2)−D(w,µ)(m1)−(m2- m1)D’(w,µ)(m1)]/(m2−m1)2    if m1≠m2,

≤ D’’(w, µ)(m)/2   if m1=m2=m,

where D (D (w, µ)) is the Fréchet derivative of D (w, µ) as a function of operator and D’’(w, µ) is the second derivative of D (w, µ) as a real function.

We also prove the norm integral inequalities for power r ∈ (0, 1] and A, B ≥ m > 0,

||∫01((1−t)A+tB)r−1dt−((A+B)/2)r−1|| ≤ (1−r) (2−r) mr−3||B−A||2/24

and

||((Ar−1+Br−1 )/2) − ∫01((1−t) A+tB)r−1dt|| ≤ (1−r) (2−r) mr−3||B − A||2/12.
ERBİL’DEKİ GENÇLERİN SİYASAL SAHAYA KATILIMINDA SOSYAL MEDYA ETKİSİ
Authors: Salıh Rebwar , Gökbudak Ramiz
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırma, Erbil’deki gençlerin siyasi katılımında Facebook, Twitter ve YouTube (F.T.Y) gibi sosyal medya araçlarının etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sosyal medya ile siyasi katılım arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamak ve siyasi katılım, siyasi bilgi, siyasi tartışma ve siyasi ilgi gibi farklı politik bileşenler arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışma sırasında bazı sorular ortaya çıkmakta ve bu sorular literatür taramasından çıkar sanan bazı hipotezler test edilerek incelenmektedir. Ayrıca, araştırmanın varsayımlarının doğruluğunu test etmek için veriler niceliksel olarak toplanmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada niceliksel yöntem benimsenmiş, bilgi toplama yönteminde anket yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Olasılık dışı yaklaşım, araştırmanın örneklemini, amaçlanan yöntemi benimseyerek belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. Örneklem, Erbil’deki gençlerin siyasi katılımında sosyal medya araçlarının etkisi 18-30 yaşları arasında 372 genç vatandaştan oluşmaktadır. Toplanan veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar, araştırma hipotezlerinin güvenilirliğini göstermiştir. Çalışma, Facebook, Twitter ve YouTube (F.T.Y) gibi sosyal medya ile geleneksel ve geleneksel olmayan politik katılım türleri arasında bir korelasyon olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır. Ayrıca, araştırmanın sonuçları, Facebook, Twitter yada YouTube gibi sosyal medya araçları ile siyasi ilgi arasında bir ilişki tespit etmektedir. Çalışma, Facebook, Twitter ve YouTube (F.T.Y) kullanımı ile siyasi tartışma arasında bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymakta ve Facebook tüketimi ile siyasi bilgiler arasındaki ilişkiyi göstermektedir. Son olarak çalışma, hem konvensiyonel hem de konvensiyonel olmayan her iki tür siyasi katılım ile siyasi tartışma ve siyasi çıkar arasında bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.
The Impact of New Technologies on the Development of Securities Market Legislation
Authors: Shevchenko O. M.
Published: November 2022

There are three stages in the development of the securities market in the 20th — early 21st centuries: the paper period, the period of electronization and the period of digitalization. Electronization and digitalization of the stock market have significantly influenced the development of legislation in this area. When the Russian legislator tried to react to the electronic stock market, an internally contradictory term (legal fiction) appeared – an uncertified (book-entry) security. Its use generates a number of problems that have not been resolved to date. It is necessary to distinguish between securities in the form of an electronic document and sets of rights accounted for by account entries. Electronic charges under Russian law are defined as electronic documents, but at the same time they refer to uncertified (book-entry) securities, which is logically incorrect. Eliminating the imperfections of the legal regulation of the stock market caused by electronization, the Russian legislator, limiting itself to changes in general legal acts, did not make appropriate changes to the legislation concerning individual securities. Unlike Russia, effective legal ways of including digital assets in the legal system have been formed in Western countries. The Russian legislator is required to determine their legal nature every time. Shares issued in the form of digital financial assets constitute an unjustifiably cumbersome legal structure, since they simultaneously belong to two different types of objects of civil rights — digital rights and uncertified securities. It is advisable to introduce a special term «investment financial instrument» to designate a group of equity and similar securities, as well as similar digital financial assets.
Appointment of a Forensic Examination in Commercial (Arbitrazh) Court Proceedings and Evaluation of its Results
Authors: Ayupov A. D.
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of the paper is to study the possibilities of forensic examination to consider the case in commercial (arbitrazh) court proceedings. The author uses general scientific and special legal methods to achieve this goal. In the course of the study, it was found that the implementation of the goals and objectives of the commercial (arbitrazh) court is implemented by various means. Their use is based on the close interaction of the general principles of constitutional and legal policy in the field of the right to judicial protection and the principles of commercial (arbitrazh) court procedure law. Forensic examination is used to obtain the necessary information, missing data, evaluate various facts from the standpoint of special knowledge. Within the framework of commercial (arbitrazh) court proceedings, various subjects carrying out expert activities, including representatives of state bodies, non-state expert organizations, and independent experts, may be involved. The possibilities of forensic examination are quite extensive, they contribute to obtaining evidence in the case under consideration, allow to establish the truth in the case and justly resolve it. Based on the analysis of special literature and law enforcement practice, certain problems are identified and ways to solve them are proposed. In particular, attention is given to the following areas: the need to improve the capabilities of forensic examination, the need for the emergence of legal foundations for assessing the reliability of an expert opinion; expanding the possibilities of expert activities — improving the legal support for the application of modern innovative solutions and technologies.
Assessment of indicators of reproductive health of the population of the Trans-Ural Republic of Bashkortostan in 2000–2020
Authors: Semenova Irina N. , Rafikova Yuliya S.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: The reproductive health of a population depends on many factors one of which is chemical pollution of the environment caused by both natural conditions and man-made impacts. The population living in geochemical provinces is often subject to pathological conditions caused by a lack, excess or imbalance of macro- and microelements. This study was carried out in the Republic of Bashkortostan in areas of natural and man-made anomalies with excessive content of heavy metals in the environment.
AIM: To analyze the demographic profile and assess the reproductive health of the population of the Trans-Ural zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive ecological study of the trend of reproductive health of the population of the Trans-Ural zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan was carried out using average population indicators. Statistical data presented in the open press by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the 20002020 period were used. These data included demographic indicators, infant mortality, frequency of congenital malformations, and morbidity of children within the first year of life.
RESULTS: In all the areas studied, there was a tendency for a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in the mortality rate. The highest average birth rate of 19.8 was recorded in the Burzyansky District and the lowest of 13.1 in the Zilairsky District, which was higher than the republican average of 12.4. During the study period, there was a significant decrease in infant mortality both in the republic and in the Trans-Urals regions. Average infant mortality rates relative to congenital malformations among newborns in the Sibay, Baymaksky, and Zianchurinsky Districts as well as the relative risk of blood diseases in children of the first year of life in most of the studied areas was higher than the average republican level.
CONCLUSION: Reproductive health of the population of Sibay for the period 20002020 is exposed to a higher risk of congenital malformations and infant mortality than the average republican level. In the Baymaksky, Zianchurinsky, Uchalinsky and Khaibullinsky Districts, the risk of developing blood diseases in children within the first year of life was higher than the average republican level. The results further indicate the need to take measures to reduce risks and improve the safety of reproductive health of the population of the mining region.