bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BFG; A NOVEL WRITTEN BY ROAL DAHL HOW TO DEAL WITH THE CHARACTERIZATION IN TEACHING PROSE
Authors: Huan Elisna
Published: December 2022

Using simple and interesting strategies in teaching Prose is a must for a lecturer. There are many new methods or strategies to be applied in our classroom when we teach our students the characterization theories, one of them is STEAL Strategy. It is basically the characterization theories that have been summed up into a mnemonic device in form of an acronym (Speech, Thought, Effect on Others, Action, Looks) to help our students to easily memorize something. This writing is trying to prove the effectiveness of the strategy when it is applied to a novel entitled BFG written by Roald Dahl. The results show that this strategy helped the writer in making inferences, finding specific textual evidence to support the assertion about the chosen character, and also developing arguments. Therefore, the writer would like to suggest the English Study Program lecturers who teach Prose or Extensive Reading to apply this method in his or her classroom.
APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS TEKS PADA SMPK STA. MARIA ASSUMPTA KOTA KUPANG, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Sanda Fransiskus , Jehane Hendrikus , Kosmas Jeladu , Djokaho Margareta , Malay Naranto M. , Warata Matilda Indriani Umbu , Laparia Nestri Bana
Published: December 2022

Tahapan penerapan pembelajaran mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, meliputi  tahapan pertama,  membangun konteks teks, tahapan  kedua men-dekonstruksi dan menelaah  model teks, tahapan ketiga membimbing siswa secara berjenjang dalam mengonstruksi teks, dan tahapan keempat memotivasi dan menugaskan siswa mengonstruksi teks secara mandiri. Keempat tahapan tersebut hendaknya difasilitasi guru yang membelajarkan mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada setiap kelas di  tingkat satuan SMP maupun SMA. Ukuran keberhasilan seseorang siswa yang belajar mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, baik pada tingkat satuan SMP maupun SMA adalah hasil capaian kompetensi minimum harus setara atau mendekati kompetensi dasar kompetensi dasar (KD) Bahasa Indonesia K-13 (permendikbud nomor 37 tahun 2018). Mutu capaian hasil belajar bergantung pada, bagaimana ketaatan seorang guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menjabarkan, melaksanakan, mencapai  indikator capaian.

Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa capaian hasil belajar dapat dipotret melalui gambaran RPP. Penelusuran terhadap rumusan langkah pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia berbasis teks, para siswa SMPK Sta Maria Assumpta telah, dan dapat mencapai tahapan ke tiga, yakni menghasilkan teks melalui proses pendampingan dan kerjasama (joint construction). Proses pencapaian tahapan ke empat yang merupakan kulminasi dari proses pembelajaran berbasis teks, yakni siswa mengonstruksi teks secara mandiri (independent construction), para guru SMPK Sta Maria Assumpta Kupang masih perlu didampingi.

Pendampingan diutamakan pada rumusan inti pembelajaran, mulai dari upaya membangun skemata siswa melalui strategi apersepsi, pelaksanaan 5M scientific pada proses inti,  hingga me-review pemahaman, dan penyiapan instrumen penugasan pada tahapan penutup pembelajaran.
Multidimensional research about oleotourism attraction from the demand point of view
Authors: Ruiz Guerra Ignacio , Molina Valentin , Quesada José Manuel
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Experimental tourism can be understood as a new trend in tourist demand. Tourists want to experiment with lifestyles in different places. The information society shows how and where the best products are cultivated and is linked to how the quality of life should be. Nowadays, we are intended to know more and better things, both tangible and intangible, and new technologies show them to us immediately. One intends to live these opportunities as soon as they can.

Design/methodology/approach

From the experimental point of view Olive Oil Tourism (Oleotourism) emerges from the olive oil consumer’s interest in learning about the production process, so they can discover a lifestyle associated to this product. This research begins with an exploration of tourists’ motivations. Then, focusing on these consumers, this work has different targets: first, to assess how consumers perceive intangible aspects of olive oil and, second, to forecast the potential demand for oleotourism.

Findings

The development of tourism is the result of tourist entrepreneurs that react to the pre-existing demand/opportunity by identifying it in the tourist market.

Research limitations/implications

The consumer’s experience is important, but touristic trends are changing. The importance of olive oil may grow in the future because the nutrition benefits are known by all countries. The natural experience around olive oil will drive it to other stakeholders.

Practical implications

It is very early to recognize if the olive oil tourism industry is economically interesting, and whether innovative offers can be created based in olive oil and the lifestyle in rural areas.

Social implications

The local development around olive oil tourism could be a potential complement with the principal activities, which are usually agricultural activities, farmer interests and local and historical heritage. This is a means to foresee the plausible impacts of the development of oleotourism on tourist destinations, for which oleotourism might become a competitive advantage based on an agri-food product with many intangible profits: olive oil.

Originality/value

This is the first opportunity to learn about the personal interest of the consumer regarding olive oil. They give us the opportunity to know if the institutional offer about new destinations based on olive oil tourism will have a chance or will it be an economic complement with the principal activities.
The instrumental time of memory: local politics and urban aesthetics in a tourism context
Authors: Nogués-Pedregal Antonio-Miguel
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to show that tourism is one of the most perfect creations of the capitalist mode of production insofar as not only does it consume places and territories and perpetuate dependency relations, but in the expressive dimension, it also produces feelings and meanings and generates a new relationship of the past with the present and future (chronotope).

Design/methodology/approach

The study was carried out using a socio-anthropological approach with participant observation over several decades.

Findings

The modes of time are described and how the tourism chronotope shapes the historic centre of a consolidated tourist destination. The case study, analysed with the model of the “conversion of place through the mediation of tourism space”, illustrates the prevalence of instrumental and commercial values over one’s own aesthetic-expressive values in tourism contexts. This fact encourages the emergence of local political projects and the incorporation of uniformities outside the local place. These processes end up uprooting the anchors from collective memory. The definition of territories according to visitors’ imaginaries and expectations encourages the abusive occupation of public space and the adoption of new aesthetic attributes of urban space.

Research limitations/implications

Because of the chosen research approach and methodologies, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test both the model and the propositions further.

Originality/value

This study approaches the relationship of the idea Tourism with the idea Development based on the anchors of memory.
Customer-based brand equity index of Kurukshetra
Authors: Rani Pooja
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze the customer-based brand equity index (CBBE-I) of Tourism Brand Kurukshetra.

Design/methodology/approach

For the purpose of this study, the author uses primary and secondary data on destination attractiveness of Tourism Brand Kurukshetra for a sample of 150 tourists including domestic and international. The study used structural equation modeling and factor weighting methods.

Findings

The research presents an investigation into the destination attractiveness index of Tourism Brand Kurukshetra in an emerging market, i.e. Kurukshetra. Tourism Brand Kurukshetra from the brand equity perspective is an attractive destination.

Practical implications

It suggests that the CBBE index of Kurukshetra ought to analyze a longitudinal study to get the proper image of Kurukshetra from a touristic perspective. It provides long-term attractiveness to enhance tourism.

Originality/value

This is the first brand equity study contributed to branding literature of Tourism Brand Kurukshetra. The index is an accomplished way to present the tourism condition of any destination.
Dark tourism consumption in Mexico City: a new perspective of the thanatological experience
Authors: Speakman Mark
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The Euro-centric nature of dark tourism research is limiting the perspective and restricting the scope of contemporary theory. Hence, this paper aims to explore how dark tourism consumption differs in a society apart from the Anglo/Eurosphere. This is done by testing Stone and Sharpley’s (2008) thanatological framework in Mexico, a country whose residents are renown for having a unique perspective on death, to assess whether Mexican dark tourism consumers undergo a similar, or different, thanatological experience to that proposed in the framework.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopts a qualitative approach in the form of a case study. The opinions of Mexican dark tourism consumers were gained by using the technique of semi-structured interviewing in four separate dark tourism sites within Mexico City, with coding serving as the form of analysis.

Findings

The findings show that due to the non-existence of an absent/present death paradox in Mexican society, the research participants experienced a thanatological process that contrasts with those from Western societies, which indicates that the thanatological framework is unsuitable in the context of Mexican dark tourism. At the same time, the study contests the common perception that Mexicans have a jovial familiarity with death, and demonstrates that in this case the thanatological process confirmed an acceptance of death, rather than any kind of intimacy.

Originality/value

The research is valuable in that it is a response to recent calls for research in geographical locations not previously considered in a dark tourism/thanatology context.
Regional tourism axes identification using GIS and TOPSIS model (Case study: Hormozgan Province, Iran)
Authors: Pazhuhan Mousa , Shiri Narges
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to identify and determine regional tourism axes in Hormozgan Province, Iran, as a region with significant potential

Design/methodology/approach

The research method is quantitative and uses the fuzzy accreditation tool and TOPSIS model; the identification, determination and ranking of regional tourism axes have been performed by analyzing the spatial distribution of tourism attractions in the GIS environment.

Findings

The results show that given the capacities of Hormozgan Province, at least 15 axes are recognizable. This paper highlights regional tourism planning as a tool for urban and rural socio-economic development in potential provinces such Hormozgan.

Originality/value

This study provides a number of practical implications for regional tourism development as follows: it identifies some of the most important potential axes in Hormozgan Province, which can be considered as investment areas in the national and regional tourism development strategy. The spatial results of this study could be embedded in all urban and rural developmental plans in the province. Tourism investment should shift its spatial concentration from the spot approach, especially islands and cities, to the axis approach while equipping those axes as comprehensive spatial strategic regional tourism plans. Sectoral tourism in each sector including sports, economy and nature could be planned as if sectoral institutions and organizations are going to develop their own tourism goals.
Turismo Religioso y Peregrinaciones: Análisis cualitativo para un caso de estudio del Camino del Tíbet
Authors: Li Mingdi
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de la relación entre la peregrinación y el turismo religioso del Camino del Tíbet en China. Desde el siglo VII d.C. el Camino del Tíbet es una ruta religiosa y de peregrinación del budismo, hasta que a partir de los años ochenta del siglo XX también se ha establecido como una ruta turística consolidada. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar su peregrinación y el turismo religioso donde se establecen las tipologías de sus visitantes y peregrinos. A través del análisis de contenido de los blogs turísticos, productos de agencias de viaje y estudios existentes, enfocando en las motivaciones, actividades y preferencias de los viajeros, se configuran las identidades de sus tipos de peregrinos que no se pueden definir de forma simplista como los turistas de masas o peregrinos en general.
Risco de queda associado ao uso de medicamentos em idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Lopes Maristela Soares , Santos Melissa Anunciação , Corrêa Maria Gabrielle dos Santos , Penha Ramon Moraes , Dos Santos Viviane Pereira Marques , Barbosa Suzi Rosa Miziara , Polisel Camila Guimarães
Published: December 2022

As quedas são eventos multifatoriais onde o uso de medicamentos é um importante fator de risco modificável. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o risco de queda relacionado ao uso de medicamentos em idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde, por meio da escala Medication Fall Risk Score. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, por meio do parecer n° 4.211.316. Participaram do estudo 96 idosos com idade média de 69,27(±7,33) anos. No total, 231 medicamentos (49,4%) associados ao risco de queda foram identificados nas prescrições. Os mais frequentes foram diuréticos (n=51; 22,0%), antagonista de angiotensina II (n=58; 25,1%) e antidepressivos (n=28; 12,1%). Oitenta e seis idosos (91,6%) estavam em uso de pelo menos um medicamento associado ao risco de queda e 28 idosos (29,1%) foram classificados como alto risco de queda associado ao uso de medicamentos. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem a contribuição do farmacêutico clínico, integrado à equipe multiprofissional, na avaliação e manejo dos idosos com alto risco de queda associado ao uso de medicamentos, de forma a contribuir com melhores desfechos clínicos, econômicos e com a qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa.
Caracterização e extração do óleo da borra de café por diferentes solventes
Authors: Magalhães Bruno Levy da Silva , Vaz Michelle Rossana Ferreira , Nascimento Shirley Cristina Cabral , Brasil Davi do Socorro Barros , Campos Isis Gomes , Ribeiro Lucas Antonio Duarte
Published: December 2022

RESUMO

A elevada geração de resíduos em todo o mundo, fez com que novas aplicações ganhassem notoriedade. Dentre os principais resíduos está a borra de café, pois a bebida retirada para a disponibilização da borra, é a segunda mais consumida do mundo. Para dispor uma aplicação adequada para este resíduo, foi realizado a extração pelo método de Soxhlet com diferentes solventes do óleo contido na borra, assim como a determinação do teor de compostos fenólicos e do índice de acidez. A borra foi obtida após filtração a 100 °C, e direcionada para secagem em estufa e peneiramento. Em seguida, extraiu-se pelo método de Soxhlet duas amostras, uma empregando etanol e outra hexano a uma mesma massa. Realizou-se a extração de uma terceira amostra com massa superior, via hexano. Determinou-se também o teor de compostos fenólicos da borra, e o índice de acidez do óleo extraído. O solvente que apresentou o melhor rendimento foi o etanol com 11,4 %. O teor de compostos fenólicos foi abaixo do esperado, e o índice de acidez esteve adequado para a produção de biodiesel. Conclui-se que a reutilização da borra de café para a produção de biocombustíveis e, posterior extração de fenóis apresenta-se bastante promissora.

Palavras-chave: Borra de café; Resíduos; Óleos;
Evaluation of serum amylase and serum lipase as biochemical markers of pancreatic exocrine function in type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Shah Aarsh , Shah Bhaumil
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic ailment characterized by hyperglycemia in which there is a severe derangement of the endocrine functionality of  the pancreas. Studies have demonstrated the association of pancreatic enzymes as biomarkers of exocrine function in DM-II. Material and methods: In this case-controlled study total 90 subjects were included, which were separated into two groups DM (n=45) and non-DM (n=45). The non-diabetic control group was age and sex-matched. After inclusion, written informed consent was acquired from all the individuals and they were investigated for serum amylase and lipase levels. Other routine investigations were also done. The data was then recorded and statistical analyses were done. Results: This study showed that mean amylase in DM group (44.69±15.57) was lesser than in non-DM group (60.69±21.67). Similarly, the mean lipase in DM group (35.44±11.30) was lesser than in non-DM group (48.47±12.73). With increase in Glycated haemoglobin, both enzyme levels decreased substantially when assessed with the non-DM groups. It was also showed that in patients with higher LDL (> 110) the serum amylase levels decreased further compared to the non-DM patients. Similar results were reported for serum lipase also.
Classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome based on electrophysiological features
Authors: Zafar Aysha , Ali Saad , Gazi Zia Ullah , Iqbal Arshad , Khan Sajid , Shoaib Muhammand
Published: December 2022

Objective: Our study aimed to identify the most common subtypes of Guillian Barre Syndrome in our sample group and evaluate their electrophysiological features to better understand the disorder. Materials and methods: Between January 2020 and February 2021, we gathered information from patients diagnosed with Guillian Barre Syndrome and referred to the Neurology  department at Lady Reading Hospital. Results: We enrolled 39 people with Guillian Barre Syndrome; 26 were male (67%), whereas 13 were female (33%). Based on electrophysiological analyses, axonal diversity is most common (AMAN followed by AMSAN). The average age of a patient with AMSAN was 39.2 21.8 years, but those with the demyelinating form were only 28 14.5. Springtime was the greatest incidence of GBS with 13 cases (33%), followed by fall with 12 cases (31%). Conlusion: A significant incidence of the axonal variety of [Guillain-Barré Syndrome] was found in our research, which was conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Glucosa oxidasa una alternativa en la conservación de bebidas
Authors: Ojeda Ojeda Luis Edgardo , Pérez-Ybarra Luis Manuel , Gamez Villazana Jordy Javier , Noguera Machado Nirza de la Cruz
Published: December 2022

La Glucosa Oxidasa (GOX) se ha utilizado ampliamente como aditivo alimentario debido a sus propiedades, sin embargo, no hay literatura científica que reporten sobre sus efectos en la conservación de bebidas preparadas a partir de frutas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el potencial conservante de un extracto de la GOX, para evitar el oscurecimiento en un jugo de manzana natural y favorecer la producción de peróxido de hidrógeno como antimicrobiano en un néctar de manzana. En el jugo se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos para determinar la actividad antioxidante de la GOX; el primero con una concentración de enzima de 64,5 mg/mL, el segundo con 129 mg/mL de la solución enzimática, el tercero con ácido ascórbico (64,5 mg/mL) y un cuarto sin aditivo (control) y luego se determinó el porcentaje de inhibición. En el caso del néctar natural pasteurizado, sin aditivos, se condujo un experimento bajo un arreglo factorial de dos concentraciones de GOX (64,5mg/L y 129mg/L) y dos temperaturas (4°C y 37°C), evaluado en cuatro tiempos de almacenamiento (0, 24, 48 y 72 horas), y se determinó el potencial oxidante de la GOX a través de la producción de H2O2. Se evidenció un efecto inhibitorio de la GOX sobre el oscurecimiento enzimático en el jugo de manzana. Además, se confirmó el efecto estadísticamente significativo entre la concentración de GOX y el tiempo de incubación sobre la producción de peróxido de hidrógeno en el néctar, corroborando el potencial como conservante de la enzima.
Hongos micorrizas arbusculares: la simbiosis de los múltiples beneficios
Authors: Delgado Silva Heysell Dodanig , Gutiérrez Montoya Laura Victoria
Published: December 2022

Ante los diversos fenómenos naturales y antropogénicos que se desarrollan a nivel global se hace necesario el uso de herramientas biotecnológicas que maximicen las capacidades de respuesta de los organismos en sus múltiples entornos. Los hongos micorrizas arbusculares (HMA) son la alternativa óptima para satisfacer la demanda actual del sector agrícola en armonía con el ecosistema; el presente artículo tiene por objetivo corroborar los múltiples beneficios reportados por esta asociación simbiótica a través de una revisión y análisis del estado del arte. La interacción HMA-planta crea tolerancia a factores de estrés abiótico, promueve el crecimiento vegetal y un aumento en la productividad, además existe una especial promoción en el biocontrol de plagas, reporta un incremento en la calidad del suelo y absorción de metales pesados y podría ser una herramienta clave en la mitigación del cambio climático. Los HMA son una opción que permite restablecer el rol ecológico de la microbiología del suelo con los cultivos, con el fin de cumplir con el desarrollo sostenible, propuesto por la Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU), que tiene un compromiso común y universal: erradicar la pobreza y fomentar la seguridad alimentaria.
Una revisión del modelo WEAP 21 y SWAT para la planificación de los recursos hídricos
Authors: Ortega Pereira Ana Fabiola , Treminio Martínez Josselyn Marcela , Méndez Rivas Ruth Aracelly
Published: December 2022

La predicción precisa del caudal es clave para la toma de decisiones en la planificación y gestión de los recursos hídricos, pronóstico de inundaciones y prácticas de riego. La utilización de modelos para diseñar y evaluar estrategias de gestión, medir resultados y tomar decisiones permite optimizar recursos y disminuir vulnerabilidades ante el impacto de la variabilidad y cambio climático. El diseño de estrategias para la gestión integral de los recursos hídricos demanda la configuración lo más precisa posible del sistema hidrológico con el apoyo de herramientas que simulen los procesos físicos involucrados en la lluvia-escorrentía. Modelos como el SWAT y el WEAP han sido diseñados para suplir esta demanda desde los tomadores de decisiones y formuladores de políticas públicas de desarrollo. Estos modelos cuentan con características y parámetros específicos, que permiten representar mejor el funcionamiento hidrológico en una cuenca. En este artículo se identifican y describen las diferentes eficiencias que poseen estos modelos hidrológicos para describir estos procesos que han sido estudiadas por otros autores. En general, estos modelos simulan a escala de tiempo continuo la escorrentía, carga de nutrientes en la calidad del agua y cargas de sedimentos que pueden afectar a embalses para diferentes usos. El SWAT presenta muy buenos resultados cuando se realiza la calibración directa y el WEAP es una excelente herramienta para la evaluación de escenarios. Ambos modelos presentan limitaciones para estimar la recarga de las aguas subterráneas, por lo tanto, uno de los mayores desafíos corresponde a la simulación de la descarga de las aguas subterráneas durante el período de bajo flujo en los ríos.
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF AQUACULTURE AND CAPTURE FISH PRODUCTION AND PROJECTION OF FUTURE TREND IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Saifuddin Mohammad , Ullah Wazahat , Rahman Md. Kausar , Hye Md. Abdul
Published: December 2022

This study is conducted to identify the trends in aquaculture and capture fish production in Bangladesh from 1960 to 2018 using Sen’s slope estimator and Mann Kendall test and apply time series modeling to forecast aquaculture and capture fish production (in metric tons). The data is retrieved from World Bank (WB). To forecast, ARIMA models are used and optimum models are selected by simulating several candidate models with AIC, BIC, mean squared error, and white noise error as selection criteria. Co-integration between two time series (aquaculture and capture fish) had been tested to establish a vector error correction model (VECM). Sen’s slopes for both aquaculture and capture fish production are positive and significant (p-value<0.01). This study found that the ARIMA (1,2,1) and ARIMA(1,1,0) are the best models to forecast aquaculture fish production and capture fish production in Bangladesh. The estimated aquaculture fish production will be 47,17,014 metric tonnes, and capture fish production will be 25,15,141 metric tonnes in the year 2028. The co-integration test confirms that there is no long-run association between aquaculture and capture fish production. Since increasing fish production will mitigate the necessity of adequate food and nutrition for the growing population, this study will assist policymakers in setting a sustainable and prospective hunger-free Bangladesh.
The Effect of Continuous Nursing Care Applied with Coaching Strategy for Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty on Some Patient Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Study Protocol
Authors: DURMAZ Melike , KURŞUN Şerife
Published: December 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of continuous nursing care applied with a pre- and postoperative coaching strategy to patients with total knee replacement on some patient outcomes (pain control, anxiety level, self-care power, activities of daily living, patient satisfaction, hospital readmission status, and use of painkillers) is to determine.
Materials and methods: The research is a parallel group (experiment-control) randomized controlled clinical trial.Data were obtained from patients who underwent 72 knee replacement surgeries between January 20, 2021 and October 28, 2021. Patients were assigned to the experimental and control groups using a simple randomization method.The patients in the experimental group received nursing care with the coaching strategy, while the patients in the control group received routine nursing care.Data; It was obtained by using the Patient Identification Form, the Visual Analog Scale, the Self-Care Scale, the Newcastle Nursing Satisfaction Scale, the State Anxiety Inventory, and the Barthel Daily Living Activity Index.The patients were followed up preoperatively and in the postoperative period (0., 1., 2. days, on the day of discharge, on the 15th day, 45th day and 90th day after discharge).
Results: Statistical analysis of the data obtained as a result of the research was calculated using the SPSS 25 package program in computer environment. Number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics, and chi-square analysis was used to compare the similarity/homogeneity of the groups in terms of descriptive characteristics. In the study, which was carried out in experimental design in independent groups and repeated tests, the compatibility of the data with the normal distribution will be determined by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the normal distribution curve, Skewness and Kurtosis test. Obtained results were evaluated at p<0.05 significance level.
Conclusion: As a result of the research, it was concluded that the patients in the experimental group showed a positive change in pain, analgesic use, anxiety, self-care agency, activities of daily living, patient satisfaction compared to the patients in the control group, while the rates of readmission were similar.
Association of Celiac Disease and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Polymorphism
Authors: AĞIRBAŞLI Deniz , KALYONCU Minenur , RAMOĞLU Nur , ÇALIŞKAN Zuhal
Published: December 2022

Objective: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease. Although susceptibility to thrombosis in celiac patients has been reported in case studies, the cause is not yet known. PAI-1 inhibits fibrinolysis. In this study, the association between celiac disease and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was investigated among celiac patients whose disease were confirmed by intestinal biopsy and healthy controls. Methods: Biopsy-diagnosed celiac patients (n=56) and healthy controls (n=52) were included in the study. PCR-RFLP method was used for PAI-1 genotyping and the results were compared according to statistical significance. Results: The PAI-1 4G allele associated with thrombotic risk and inflammation was found to be higher than the 5G allele in cases (0.63 and 0.36, respectively, p=0.054). When the age at diagnosis was compared according to the PAI-1 variants, no significant difference was found (p=0.3). Although the genotype frequencies were similar in 4G/4G patients and controls, the 5G/5G genotype, known as the protective genotype, was found to be higher in controls (35% and 18%). Conclusion: In our study, the 4G allele of PAI-1, which plays a role in the susceptibility to thrombosis, was observed more frequently in celiac patients compared to the control group. Studying genetic markers of thrombosis in celiac patients is important for individual prophylaxis.
Between Pints and Performances
Authors: Hurley Alec S. , Hofmann Annette R.
Published: December 2022

German immigrants to the United States in the late 1840s faced isolation and a cultural vacuum. Pockets of community could be found in the traditional German turnvereins (gymnastic clubs or societies) that offered the new German immigrants a warm but culturally insulated haven. The work of George Brosius, one of the leading gymnastic instructors in the American turner movement and director of the Turner's Normal School in Milwaukee, rarely discussed in previous research, contributed to the elevation of the German American Turner societies from a bastion of German culture to a prominent part of American physical culture. This will be shown through his contribution as a gymnastics instructor and later director of the American Turner Union's Normal School in Milwaukee and his work as a coach. We aim to solidify the American-born George Brosius's place among the pantheon of nineteenth-century figures of physical culture.
Toward the Idea of a Character: Kant, Hegel, and the End of Logic
Authors: Burke Victoria I.
Published: December 2022

In the prime years of Hegel’s philosophical career, Prussia made progressive reforms to childhood education. Hegel had long supported reform. In his early Stuttgart Gymnasium Validictory Address (1788), he had advocated for a public interest in widespread public education as a means for developing the children’s potential. Like Wilhelm von Humboldt, Hegel believed in education’s power to promote individual development (Bildung) as a path of freedom, which is achieved largely by expanding children’s linguistic capacity since language, as Humboldt understands it, is the formative organ of thought (bildende Organ des Gedankens). By combining Humboldt’s insights (especially his discussion of the power of Sanskrit) with themes in Hegel’s Science of Logic, I will demonstrate that the mind’s power to make judgments is a forward movement that can be arrested by epistemic injustice. Humboldt’s reflections on linguistic flowering and the factors that might impede it can help us understand epistemic injustice as an interference in linguistic cognitive mediation (Vermittlung).
Making Fun of Sport: James Fitzmaurice, Robert Ripley, and the Art of Sport Cartooning in Vancouver, 1907-1918
Authors: Anderson Robin
Published: December 2022

This study looks at the emergence of newspaper sport cartooning in the early twentieth century through a comparison of the parochial images of Vancouver British Columbia cartoonist James Fitzmaurice and the syndicated American sports cartoons of Robert Ripley. The study examines the working lives of the best known American sport cartoonists and then focuses on the work of Vancouver Province staff cartoonist James B. Fitzmaurice during the prewar period and how these images grew out of local experience. With the arrival of the syndicated sports cartoons of New York City cartoonist Robert Ripley in 1914, Vancouver readers are given “world of sport” images that differed from the more eclectic visual meanings tied to local experience that characterized Fitzmaurice’s work. This study suggests that the contrast between Fitzmaurice and Ripley marks the difference between two levels of sport culture consumption and that visual culture acted as an important conduit for the growth of shared international sport consciousness.
Italian Sport and the Challenges of Its Recent Historiography
Authors: Martin Simon
Published: December 2022

Since the creation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861, the role of sport in the country’s social, political, and economic development has been significant. With three national sporting dailies in the postwar period, as well as hundreds of sport-specific publications, the potential for research into the nation’s sporting history is considerable. However, while the importance of music, art, theatre, opera, and cinema in modern Italy’s development has been widely considered, analysis of the role of sport has been conducted by a dedicated minority of sports, rather than social or cultural, historians. Much existing research has taken nationalism as a base. With particular focus upon the Liberal and Fascist periods, the postwar era is largely neglected. Studies tend to be sport- or event-specific, and the bulk of contributions come from well-established names. Better contextualizing of sport’s role in the modernization of Italy and penetrating mainstream history are the pressing challenges, ideally for a new generation of scholars.
Sport in the Czech and Slovak Republics and the Former Czechoslovakia and the Challenge of Its Historiography
Authors: Zwicker Stefan
Published: December 2022

There are few European regions where sport and gymnastics were of such political importance in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as in the former Czechoslovakia, which formed part of the Habsburg monarchy until 1918 and split into the Czech (the historical Bohemian lands) and Slovak Republics after the end of the Cold War. The Sokol (“Falcon”) gymnastic movement was of utmost importance to Czech national emancipation, but organized sport often had a political undertone among other nationalities, too. In the interwar period multi-ethnic Czechoslovakia was one of the leading states in European sport; after 1945, the Communist regime “reorganized” sport and used it as a means of propaganda. Until recently, publications on sport in the region were mainly descriptive in character; historians, both nationally and internationally, showing little interest in the subject. But this has changed, and interesting and fruitful research on different aspects of the subject has emerged over recent years.
Yugoslavian Sport and the Challenges of Its Recent Historiography
Authors: Rohdewald Stefan
Published: December 2022

After 1850, Sokol associations played an important role in fostering national movements within the multi-ethnic empires that dominated South Eastern Europe. During the Balkan Wars and World War I, they were central to the militarization of these societies, and during the first Yugoslavian state their role was to help build a Yugoslavian national and religious identity. After World War II, the Sokols were replaced by Socialist associations of physical culture, and later, with the decay of the Federation, sport became a central means for mobilizing national enthusiasm for the newly independent national states. This article seeks to contextualize innovative studies on the history of sport in Yugoslavia and its successor states, with some reference to other states in the region. It points to cultural-historical perspectives on sports as a part of the modern discourses of scientification, sacralization, and militarization of societies in South Eastern Europe.
Reading the Funeral Rite: A Cultural Analysis of the Funeral Ceremonials and Burial of Selected Leading Sportsmen in Victorian England, 1864-1888
Authors: Huggins Mike
Published: December 2022

The study of sporting death is a neglected area of the history of sport. This paper, though drawing on English material, therefore has implications for American and other studies. It provides a broadly cultural analysis of the funeral processions, burials and public responses to the deaths of a small sample of top sportsmen in Victorian England in the second half of the nineteenth century, including the pugilist Tom Sayers (1826-1865), the sculler James Renforth (1842-1871), and champion jockey Fred Archer (1857-1886), all of whom competed successfully internationally. Drawing inter alia on London, provincial and foreign press material, and the symbolic language of the “rite of passage” to the grave, it explores the complex contradictions and differences between accounts and representations and the ways these helped to shape contemporary and later social attitudes to specific sports, sporting heroism, and sporting culture in Britain and abroad.
Fuzzy Memories: College Mascots and the Struggle to Find Appropriate Legacies of the Civil War
Authors: Bever Megan L.
Published: December 2022

This article compares the controversial mascot of the University of Mississippi, Colonel Reb, with the University of Kansas Jayhawk and the University of Missouri Tiger, all three of which owe their origins to the Civil War. Using yearbooks, school newspapers, and other university publications, this piece examines the contexts in which the mascots were adopted, as well as the imagery surrounding their usage. The goal is to determine why Colonel Reb has become so controversial while the Jayhawk and the Tiger remain acceptable university symbols, despite the fact that both mascots were created from the guerrilla violence that occurred in Kansas and Missouri during the Civil War. Comparing the three mascots illustrates that while white supremacy has been deemed by most Americans to be part of an unacceptable past, the violence associated with guerrilla conflict has become a suitable form of entertainment for college sports fans.
Britain and the Olympic Games: London 1908, 1948, 2012
Authors: Beck Peter J.
Published: December 2022

London’s bid to host the 2012 Olympic games was accompanied, indeed reinforced, by the presentation of histories recording the lengthy and committed nature of Britain’s relationship with the Olympic Movement, most notably as highlighted by hosting the 1908 and 1948 games. Apart from being employed to contextualize London’s bid, the 1908 and 1948 London Olympiads represent key chapters in histories presenting both Britain’s Olympic past and the Olympic Movement. In particular, they illuminate major issues concerning the nature and role of the Olympic games as well as the attitude of British governments, media, and opinion towards Olympism. Despite the British Olympic Association’s best efforts, during the period between 1908 and 1948 Britons often proved indifferent, indeed frequently negative, towards Olympism, even if the 1948 Olympics showed evidence of a possible change of course, at least in the short term.
Dominion Nationalism or Imperial Patriotism? Citizenship, Race, and the Proposed British Empire Olympic Team
Authors: Llewellyn Matthew P.
Published: December 2022

In the aftermath of a calamitous British performance at the 1912 Olympic games in Stockholm the British Olympic Association (BOA) announced a plan to consolidate the various units of the British Empire into a single Olympic team for the forthcoming 1916 Berlin games. Casting their eyes ahead towards Berlin, an event generating extra importance given the continued escalation of Anglo- German antagonism, the BOA conceived that a unified Greater Britain team would solidify colonial and dominion relations with the old mother country and salvage Britain’s self-perceived reputation as the leader of modern sport. Efforts to maintain Britain’s global sporting position by welding the United Kingdom and its colonial possessions into a formidable Olympic team faced stern opposition. The growing political independence of Britain’s colonies and dominions, coupled with the perilous administrative task of selecting, organizing, and financing a transcontinental British team compounded problems with the BOA’s imperial ambitions.
O-H! I-O! Black Students, Black Athletes, and Ohio State Football, 1968-1976
Authors: Naqvi S. Kaazim
Published: December 2022

Beginning in the late 1960s at a variety of institutions across the country, black college athletes joined with black students to lead boycotts, walkouts, and demonstrations to demand changes to racially insensitive policies and practices. While news of these events dominated the headlines, they did not occur everywhere. This paper explores why and how many schools managed to avoid black student-athlete revolts during this time of turbulence. Through a case study of Ohio State football from 1968 to 1976, this paper argues that the seeming absence of conflict at many schools around the nation stemmed not from a lack of discontent or from idyllic conditions. Rather it posits that the actions and acquiescence of Woody Hayes and other administrators helped exacerbate differences in conditions and goals between black students and student-athletes, breaking the bonds of support necessary for radical action.
Sport History, Public History, and Popular Culture: A Growing Engagement
Authors: Moore Kevin
Published: December 2022

Academic sport history has come a long way in a relatively short period of time, using a growing range of theoretical approaches, drawing on an expanding range of disciplines, tackling an increasingly wider range of subjects. This includes exploring sport as a popular cultural practice. Yet we must also recognize that public sport history has been around for much longer and has grown even more significantly in recent decades. The relationship between academic and public sport history has been relatively weak and at times problematic. The wider public, even those with an interest in sport history, has little knowledge of the work of academics. This paper argues for a much greater academic engagement with public sport history, embracing and exploring new ways of communicating the subject, in new collaborations, to new and much more diverse audiences.
Reflections on Critical Sport History in the Museum: Opportunities and Challenges from a Local/Regional Project
Authors: Kossuth Robert , Adams Carly
Published: December 2022

As sport historians we choose to engage in public history projects and thus are faced with both opportunities and challenges. Our involvement in the Alberta Sports History Project provides an opportunity to engage in the ongoing discussion about how members of the academy can effectively move into the realm of public sport history. By involving oneself with a museum or sports hall of fame a historian must recognize that her/his own expectations for the work they produce and partnering groups will not always be congruent. In this research note, we draw on specific examples from the experiences arising from our role in envisioning, researching, and working to produce a history of Lethbridge, Alberta’s sporting past. We suggest that the importance of recognizing and embracing the inherently imperfect nature of public sport history provides historians of sport an opportunity to assist with the important work of preserving, documenting, and exhibiting our sporting past.
Sport and Authoritarian Rule in the Brazilian and Portuguese Estados Novos
Authors: Drumond Maurício
Published: December 2022

During the twentieth century many authoritarian governments used sport as a means of propaganda to project their nations internationally and as an instrument of social cohesion. In the 1930s several authoritarian governments associated sport with a new idealized model of the nation. In this article I use a comparative approach to analyze the use and control of sport by the authoritarian governments of Oliveira Salazar in Portugal and Getúlio Vargas in Brazil as strategies in the constitution of Estado Novos (New States). The manner in which the Brazilian and Portuguese Estado Novos used sport followed models adopted by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, the primary cultural influences on Brazil and Portugal in this period.
The Berlusconization of Post-Soviet Football in Russia and the Ukraine: Money Scores Goals, Goals Win Titles, and Titles Win Popularity
Authors: Veth K. Manuel
Published: December 2022

The Berlusconization of post-Soviet professional football in Ukraine and Russia highlights the close connection between politics, business, and football. The former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi built a position of political power through his connection with professional soccer. In 1986, Berlusconi, a multi-millionaire who made his fortune through construction and television, bought AC Milan. Berlusconi was able to use the popularity gained by owning one of Europe’s most successful clubs to sharpen his political profile to such an extent that he was elected as prime minister of Italy three times. After the fall of the Soviet Union and the mass privatization of assets, football clubs, especially in the Ukraine, fell into the hands of rich businessmen or oligarchs. These oligarchs then used the popularity of football clubs to secure political positions. This system was then copied in Russia where Moscow used football, especially in the Caucasus, to achieve political goals.
Institutionalizing and Industrializing Sport History in the Contemporary Sports Television Documentary
Authors: Vogan Travis
Published: December 2022

Documentaries compose a key way that ESPN has cultivated its self-named status as “The Worldwide Leader in Sports.” SportsCentury (1999), a multimedia project for which ESPN commissioned a forty-eight-member expert panel to rank the twentieth-century’s top 100 North American athletes was the media outlet’s first major foray into the genre. This essay outlines how SportsCentury aided ESPN’s efforts to build its brand identity; enhance and diversify its now dominant market share in sports media; broaden its demographic reach; and support, promote, and expand its other programming. It then briefly considers how SportsCentury established a popular model for producing sports documentary series that other cable sports television outlets have since adopted.
Projection and Reception: The American(ized)Otherin East German Elite Sport, 1966-77
Authors: Kioussis George N. , Hunt Thomas M.
Published: December 2022

As World War II gave way to the Cold War, culture came to be an important component of East-West political jockeying. Policy makers in Washington sought to use sport as part of a broader image building campaign that employed dancers, musicians, and artists. Previous scholarship on athletic diplomacy has centered largely on the bureaucratic processes that propped it up. How athletic forays were interpreted abroad, by contrast, has been relatively understudied. The research here brings the experience of foreign audiences closer to the foreground, focusing specifically on how the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany were perceived within the East German elite sport system. Using reports from the Ministry for State Security in tandem with the testimony of members of the athletic establishment, it examines the narratives about an American(ized) other that prevailed behind the Berlin Wall, principally from the years 1966 through 1977.