bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The multiple forms of racism and the challenges it poses to higher education systems
Authors: Mato Daniel , Dupuits Emilie , Hollender Rebecca
Published: February 2022

Racism is an ideology according to which human beings are classifiable into "races" and some of them are "superior" to others. This ideology is not only expressed and exercised through "visible" social practices, which is what the application of the expression "racial discrimination" is usually limited. It also operates through disadvantages accumulated over centuries, the existence of which has been "naturalized". These disadvantages are the result of inequities and forms of inequality and exclusion of an economic, political, and socio-cultural nature, which are reproduced and multiplied through both prejudices and forms of "common sense", as well as institutional norms, devices, and practices. The idea of ​​"structural racism" is useful for referring to this set of factors in a comprehensive way. However, it is analytically insufficient in serving as a basis for the design of concrete intervention initiatives that are potentially effective in eradicating racism from Higher Education systems. This article seeks to contribute to the analysis of the different ways in which racism operates in Higher Education systems and the challenges it poses.
Three food production logics: Are there alternatives to agribusiness?
Authors: Giarracca Norma , Palmisano Tomás , Carballo Ana E.
Published: February 2022

Departing from the global development of ‘agribusiness’, three distinct logics of production can be identified in the agricultural sector and in food production in particular: 1) peasant, 2) agribusiness, and 3) farmer or Chacarera (in Argentina). This last logic of production, in our hypothesis, maintains some interesting characteristics that have not yet completely disappeared but are at risk of disappearing in the medium term. This typology assumes different relations with the land, fundamental differences in production and labour processes, in production outlooks, and in the type of capital intervening, etc. Even if in our country for historical reasons the peasant form of production has not had a marked significance, it has recovered importance amidst the indigenous populations’ processes of land recovery, together with the many criollos displaced from commercial agriculture that are also implementing this mode of production, encouraged by the guidelines from the international organization La Vía Campesina.
Saving the Mother of Brazil: Indigenous Peoples and Active Citizenship amid COVID-19
Authors: Andrade Maria Paula
Published: February 2022

This article draws on the literature of public health in Latin America and Brazil to examine the role of health in the indigenous’ pursuit of their acquired rights, and their attempts to shape the terms of, and decisions in official health assistance amid COVID-19 (Chalhoub, 1996; Cueto and Palmer, 2015; Sowell, 2015; Westphal et al., 2007; Hochman, 2011; Gibson, 2019). Through the analysis of newspaper articles, reports from indigenous organizations, legislative decisions, constitutional and health rights, this paper seeks to answer the following question: how do the strategies indigenous peoples have developed to pressure the Brazilian government into fulfilling its constitutional responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrate their exercise of active citizenship and contribution to the strengthening of democracy?.
THE THINKING SKILL LEVELS IN INDONESIA ENGLISH TEXTBOOK
Authors: Sianturi Betty
Published: February 2022

AbstractTextbook as a source of learning enables students to practice and develop their thinking ability through exercises which are designed in a different level of thinking. This research aims to analyse the most frequent thinking skills in WH-Questions and to examine the extent to which the WH-questions emphasize high-level thinking. This research uses a descriptive quantitative research. The writer first collects the WH-questions taken from an English textbook entitled “Buku Bahasa Inggris Kelas X”, then classifies the data based on its level of thinking. This research uses Bloom’s Taxonomy revised by Anderson & Krathwol. The finding shows that the most frequent thinking skill is remembering with 49.65%, the understanding level is 24.13%, applying level is 1.39%, analysing is 17.94%, evaluating is 6.89%, and creating is 0%. Based on the result, the researcher concludes that the book which is issued by the Ministry of Education focuses on the lower level of thinking skills. This research is expected to give contribution in textbook evaluation.Keywords: textbook, thinking skills, content analysis
TEACHER'S EFFORTS TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS TO THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH THROUGH MANAGING ENGLISH LEARNING IN THE CLASS ( A Study at SMA N 5 Tidore Islands and SMA YASMU Sofifi )
Authors: Djafar Hariyanti
Published: February 2022

TEACHER'S EFFORTS TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS TO THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH THROUGH MANAGING ENGLISH LEARNING IN THE CLASS( A Study at SMA N 5 Tidore Islands and SMA YASMU Sofifi )Hariyanti Djafar 1Lukman Tamhir 2Earth Hijrah University, Tidore , North Malukuhariyantidj@gmail.com AbstractThis study aims to know how the students' motivation of learning English, how is the teacher's way to motivate students to learn English, and how the effect of learning management on students. The method use was descriptive qualitative. Data was collected by doing observation, interviews, documentation, and questions. The results of this study stated that students were motivated to learn English caused by two factors, which are an internal stimulus and external stimulus. A teacher should know first these two things before determining what appropriate method to apply. The good of teacher's learning management would help students learning English. Smart students should not always be allowed to work alone in group assignments. This method makes students with the type of external stimulus even more unmotivated. Keywords: Efforts, Motivation, Managing Class.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA MASCETI GIANYAR DALAM PENINGKATAN JUMLAH PENGUNJUNG DAN NILAI EKONOMI
Authors: Handayani Sri Dewi , Mahadewi Ni Made Eka , Surata I Ketut
Published: February 2022

Kawasan wisata Masceti di Desa Medahan, Blahbatuh, Kabupaten Gianyar, merupakan kawasan wisata berbasis budaya yang dikembangkan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitarnya. Bila meninjau dari tujuan pokok tersebut, Kawasan Wisata Masceti yang merupakan kawasan wisata berbasis budaya memiliki dualisme fungsi, yaitu sebagai (1) Kawasan Pariwisata, serta sebagai (2) Penyedia lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat sekitarnya.  Sehingga dalam pengelolaannya, kawasan Masceti di Desa Medahan ini membutuhkan strategi pengembangan yang tepat. Penelitian ini menfokuskan kepada strategi pengembangan untuk meningkatkan jumlah pengunjung dan nilai ekonomi masyarakat.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mixed method)  dengan analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threat) untuk menguji analisa data yang ada dari hasil teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan kuesioner. Sehingga demikian, akan dapat diketahui faktor pendukung dari peningkatan jumlah pengunjung dan nilai ekonomi masyarakat Desa Medahan, Gianyar.  Sehingga Kawasan wisata Masceti dapat memenuhi kebutuhan (needs) dan keinginan (wants) dari wisatawan yang berkunjung ke kawasan wisata tersebut.   Dan untuk strategi peningkatan nilai ekonomi masyarakat agar dibuatkan perencanaan kegiatan ekonomi yang dapat memajukan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal.
TURNOVER INTENTION SEBAGAI DAMPAK KOMPENSASI DAN JOB INSECURITY KARYAWAN BANK SWASTA KONVENSIONAL DI PALEMBANG
Authors: Leovani Ega
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of compensation and job insecurity on the intention turnover of banking employees in Palembang. This study employs independent variable compensation (X1) and Job Insecurity (X2), as well as Turnover Intention (Y). The data collection in this study employed a questionnaire method that was distributed to 125 banking employees in the city of Palembang by using a purposive sampling method. Furthermore, the data was analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 for Windows. Free compensation variable (X1) and Job Insecurity (X2) partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable Turnover Intention (Y). This shows that the greater the compensation given will reduce the desire of employees to leave the organization. Likewise with Job Insecurity, the higher the job insecurity, the higher the intensity (intention / desire) to get out of work.Penelitian ini mencoba mengetahui dampak kompensasi dan job insecurity terhadap turnover intetion karyawan perbankan di kota Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel independen kompensasi (X1) dan Job Insecurity (X2), serta Turnover Intention (Y). Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuesioner yang disebarkepada 125 orang karyawan perbankan di kota Palembang dengan metode purposive sampling. Sedangkan analisis dilakukan dengan pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 19.0 for windows.Variabel bebas kompensasi (X1) dan Job Insecurity (X2) secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh  positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel terikat  Turnover Intention (Y). hal ini menunjukan bahwa semakin besar kompensasi yang diberikan maka akan dapat mengurangi keinginan karyawan untuk meninggalkan organisasi. Begitu juga dengan Job Insecurity, semakin tinggi job insecurity,maka akan semakin tinggi intense (niat / keinginan) untuk keluar dari pekerjaan.
PENGARUH PRODUCT DAN SERVICE QUALITY PADA CUSTOMER TRUST DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION STUDI KASUS: PT.INDOTEHNIK CIPTA SEMBADA
Authors: Bismo Aryo , Gunawan Yonathan
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product quality and service quality through customer trust on purchase intention at PT. IndoTehnik Cipta Sembada. The data collection method is using questionnaire that distributed to people who already made a purchase or have an electric panel that sold by PT. Indotehnik Cipta Sembada. The analysis method used on this research is path analysis. The results achieved that service quality and customer trust has relationship while on the other hand there is no relationship between product quality and customer trust another result was there is no relationship between product quality toward purchase intention it is followed by there is no relationship between service quality to purchase intention, and there is no relationship between customers trust in purchase intention indirectly, to conclude, in this case there is only service quality that has significant and positive effect towards customer trust.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh product quality dan service quality melalui customer trust terhadap purchase intention di PT. IndoTehnik Cipta Sembada. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang disebarkan ke orang – orang yang pernah melakukan pembelian atau memiliki panel listrik yang dijual oleh PT. IndoTehnik Cipta Sembada. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah path analysis, hasil yang dicapai adalah adanya hubungan antara variable service quality terhadap customer trust, tidak adanya hubungan antara product quality terhadap customer trust, tidak adanya hubungan antara product quality terhadap purchase intention, tidak adanya hubungan antara service quality terhadap purchase intention, dan tidak adanya hubungan antara customer trust terhadap purchase intention.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, PENDAPATAN, USIA TERHADAP LITERASI KEUANGAN PADA BANK SYARIAH (STUDI MASYARAKAT KOTA CIKARANG)
Authors: Setianingrum Nurul
Published: February 2022

This study discusses education, income, age and the influence of financial literacy in Islamic banks (community study in the city of Cikarang) the independent variable consists of education, income and age. While the dependent variable is financial literacy. This study uses questionnaires distributes as many as 100 questionnaires. The sample used inthis study is Cikarang city community that is sold in the Jababeka area using an Islamic bank. Data analysis technique used is assumption test, hypotesisi test, R test and multiple linear regerssion. The evaluation result show education, income considering the financial literacy, age not considering the financial aspects of Islamic banks. These result indicate that the public must increase understanding of Islamic banks, especially in the differences between islamic banks and konventional banks. It is hoped that the islamic banks will increase public awareness of islamic banks in the city of Cikarang Jababeka.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti apakah pendidikan, pendapatan, usia bepengaruh terhadap literasi keuangan pada bank syariah (studi masyarakat kota Cikarang).  Variabel independen terdiri dari pendidikan, pendapatan dan usia. Sedangkan variabel dependen adalah literasi keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner yang disebarkan sebanyak 100 kuisioner. Sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini merupakan masyarakat kota cikarang terutama kawasan Jababeka yang menggunakan bank syariah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan, pendapatan berpengaruh terhadap literasi keuangan sedangkan usia tidak berpengaruh terhadap literasi keuangan pada bank syariah. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat harus lebih meningkatkan pemahaman akan bank syariah, terutama dalam perbedaan antara bank syariah dengan bank konvensional. Diharapkan pihak bank syariah lebih meningkatkan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat akan bank syariah terutama di kota Cikarang kawasan Jababeka.
PENGARUH ONLINE CONSUMER REVIEW DAN INFLUENCER TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK DI MARKETPLACE SHOPEE
Authors: Halim Ardiansyah , Tyra Maria Josephine
Published: February 2022

This study aims to prove the influence of online consumer reviews and influencers on product purchase decisions in the Shopee Marketplace. This type of research uses a quantitative approach. Palembang people aged 15 until 25 years who have made product purchase transactions in the Shopee Marketplace was used as sample of this research. The data source used is primary data, data collection in this study using survey techniques by distributing questionnaires. The method of measuring the questionnaire in this study uses a 5-point Likert scale. The data analysis technique used data quality test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing. From the test results, multiple linear regression analysis proves that  the first hypothesis, that is, Online Consumer Review has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions in the Shopee Marketplace with significant value of 0.000 less than 0.05. As for the second hypothesis, namely Influencers have an effect on purchasing decisions in the Shopee Marketplace is rejected, with significant value of 0.221> 0.05. The novelty element of this research is the importance of influencers to reveal truthful information related to products being sold to build consumer trust, which has not been stated by other researchers.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membutktikan adanya pengaruh online consumer review dan influencer terhadap  keputusan pembelian produk di Marketplace Shopee. Jenis penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan adalah masyarakat Palembang dengan usia 15 s.d. 25  tahun yang sudah pernah melakukan transaksi pembelian produk di Marketplace Shopee. Sumber data yang digunkan adalah data primer,  pengumpulan data dalam  penelitian ini menggunakan teknik survei dengan  menyebarkan  kuisioner. Metode pengukuran kuesioner pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala likert 5 poin.  Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji kualitas data, Uji asumsi klasik, Analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji hipotesis.  Dari hasil uji analisis regresi linier berganda membuktikan untuk hipotesis pertama yaitu Online Consumer Review berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan  terhadap keputusan pembelian di Marketplace Shopee diterima.  Dibutktikan dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05.  Sedangkan untuk hipotesis kedua yaitu Influencer berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian di Marketplace Shopee ditolak.  Dibutktikan dengan nilai signifikan 0,221 > 0,05.  Unsur kebaruan dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya influencer mengungkapkan informasi kebenaran terkait produk yang dijual untuk membangun kepercayaan konsumen, yang belum dinyatakan oleh peneliti lainnya.
PENURUNAN INDEKS GINI PENDIDIKAN: INDONESIA, JAWA TENGAH DAN MAGELANG
Authors: Budiono Budiono
Published: February 2022

This policy paper aims to determine the relationship between educational inequality and the average length of schooling in Indonesia, Central Java Province and Magelang District. The data source is the national socio-economic survey (Susenas / BPS) in 2015 and 2020, especially the table: the percentage of the population aged 15 years and over according to the type of area and the highest level of education completed. To determine education inequality, it is calculated using data on the average length of schooling of the population aged 15 years and over, the Lorenz curve and the Gini index of education. The average length of schooling in Indonesia, Central Java Province, Magelang Regency increased during the 2015–2020 period, while education inequality decreased. The Gini index calculation results show that Indonesia is more evenly distributed than Central Java, and Magelang is the least even. A negative relationship was found between mean years of schooling and the Gini index of education. a positive relationship was found between the rate of increase in mean years of schooling and a decrease in the Gini index of educationNaskah kebijakan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ketimpangan pendidikan dengan rata-rata lama sekolah di Indonesia, Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Kabupaten Magelang. Sumber data  adalah surve social ekonomi nasional (Susenas / BPS) tahun 2015 dan 2020, khusunya tabel: persentase penduduk usia 15 tahun ke atas menurut tipe daerah dan jenjang pendidikan tertinggi yang ditamatkan. Untuk menentukan ketimpangan pendidikan dihitung melalui, data rata-rata lama sekolah penduduk usia 15 tahun ke atas, kurva Lorenz dan indeks Gini pendidikan. Rata-rata lama sekolah di Indonesia, Provinsi Jawa Tengah Kabupaten Magelang meningkat selama periode 2015–2020 sedangkan ketimpangan pendidikan menurun. Hasil perhitungan indeks gini menunjukan bahwa Indonesia lebih merata daripada Jawa Tengan, dan Magelang paling tidak merata. Hubungan negatif ditemukan antara rata-rata tahun sekolah dan indeks Gini pendidikan. hubungan positif ditemukan antara tingkat kenaikan rata-rata tahun sekolah dan penurunan indeks Gini pendidikan.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Nasir M Jamal Abdul
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the effect of leverage on profitability, (2) the effect of sales growth on profitability, (3) the effect of company size on profitability. used in this study amounted to 4 companies. The results of this study indicate that leverage has a negative and significant effect on profitability in cigarette companies listed on the IDX during the 2016-2018 period, sales growth has a negative and significant effect on profitability in cigarette companies listed on the IDX during the 2016-2018 period. And also company size has a positive and significant effect on profitability in cigarette companies listed on the IDX during the 2016-2018 period. And each independent variable has a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable simultaneously, namely leverage, sales growth and company size which have a significant effect on profitability in cigarette companies listed on the IDX during the 2016-2018 period. So it can be concluded that each independent variable has a significant influence on the dependent variable either partially or simultaneously.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh leverage terhadap profitabilitas, (2) pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan  terhadap profitabilitas, (3) pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas . Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perusahaan rokok yang listing di BEI dengan jumlah sampel yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 4 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  leverage berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan rokok yang terdaftar di BEI selama periode 2016-2018, pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadal profitabilitas pada perusahaan rokok yang terdaftar di BEI selama periode 2016-2018. Dan juga ukuran perusahaan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan rokok yang terdaftar di BEI selama periode 2016-2018. Dan setiap variabel independen memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel dependen secara simultan yaitu leverage, pertumbuhan penjualan dan ukuran perusahaan yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan rokok yang terdaftar di BEI selama periode 2016-2018. Jadi dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa setiap variabel independen memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel dependen baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan.
CONCEPTUAL DIMENSIONS OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT AND ELECTRONIC GOVERNANCE IN THE DOMAIN OF DIGITAL DEMOCRACY
Authors: Vephkhvia Grigalashvili
Published: February 2022

Further development of the domain of electronic (digital) democracy, which represents the result of implementation of electronic government and electronic governance, and implies the smart use of digital tools, substantially depends on how correctly is defined their conceptual dimensions and determined their functional purposes. E-government and E-governance (as terms and concepts), known as multidimensional, multifaceted and multidisciplinary phenomenon, are often treated as synonymous and used interchangeably in the academic literature or formal documents. Therefore it is becoming increasingly difficult to set a common definition (Roy, 2003) or clear existing conceptual ambiguity between them. There is no universally accepted definition of both abstractions. Such conceptual uncertainty has a negative impact on the development of digital democracy. The research objective of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of e-government and e-governance concepts through empirical studies and scatter the existing ambiguity in differences between these two concepts as this variety is not just questions of academic nuance. Based on a comparative analysis of e-government and e-governance definitions and conceptual meanings, this article offers an approach according to which e-government and e-governance represents two various but closely related and co-existing concepts. Furthermore, in the concluding section of the article, there are suggested recommendations regarding development a new grand term or concept in which both multidimensional conceptual visions will be combined.
Pressure build-up test application in reservoir boundary structure determination
Authors: Kondrat О. R. , Hedzyk N. М. , Prykhodko V. О.
Published: February 2022

The design of highly efficient field development systems, their control and management require reliable information about the reservoir properties and structure of productive deposits. Among the most common and informative methods of obtaining information is well testing with the help of pressure build-up curves (PBU). The latter make it possible to study the structure and parameters of the farfield at a considerable distance from the well (tens and hundreds of meters), which allows to make informed decisions in the process of field development. Therefore, the use of PBU test interpretation methods in order to obtain maximum information is extremely relevant for hydrocarbon recovery processes. Well testing under nonequilibrium filtration conditions is one of the powerful tools for assessing the reservoir parameters, the structure of the farfield and assessing the well potential. The use of modern software tools for well test results interpretation allows to obtain much more information from the classical results, to clarify the structure of the field and the parameters of productive reservoirs. The aim of this work is to generalize the world experience of the farfield influence on the character of PBU and its derivative during well testing under nonequilibrium filtration conditions. The study has been conducted using the KAPPA Saphir software package, licensed for use by IFNTUOG for educational purposes. The above methods of PBU interpretation can be used to determine the farfield parameters and structure. On the basis of those one can make effective decisions on field development managing and during 3D geological models creation.
Rational modes of operation of complex gas transmission systems
Authors: Grudz V. Ya. , Grudz Ya. V. , Tereshchenko R. V. , Hershun B. І.
Published: February 2022

The principles of formation of mathematical models for the choice of rational modes of operation of complex gas transmission systems with multi-shop compressor stations equipped with different types of gas pumping units are given. It is proposed to optimize the modes on the basis of the use of energy-economic characteristics of the gas transmission system, which are built on the basis of the parameters of the gas transmission system taking into account the technical condition of its elements and economic performance for a certain period. This approach ensures compliance with the principle of operation of the gas transmission system in the field of permissible modes and maximum energy consumption on the one hand and minimizing the cost of gas transportation on the other. If it is possible to use the actual data on the actual technical condition of the equipment and gas pipelines of the system, this method allows to evaluate and take into account in the further procedure the parameters of gas supply reliability. An important requirement for the optimization procedure is the stability of energy efficiency characteristics, which means that in any practical changes of non-basic regime parameters, the energy efficiency characteristic should not be shifted beyond the allowable error. The problem of optimal load distribution in a complex gas transmission system is considered based on their minimum total energy costs at a given volume of gas supply and other planning and technological constraints. The task of optimizing a multiparameter object is to find the extremum of the goal function by selecting a vector of control effects that would satisfy the constraint. The distribution of loads at the highest hierarchy for the system of main gas pipelines is obtained by finding the minimum total cost of gas compression for each pipeline. The method of construction of such characteristics and the procedure of establishing their stability are shown, which allows the formalization of the construction of the criterion dependence of the regime parameters on energy economic factors. The stated basic decisions allow to formalize the function of the purpose for a choice of a rational mode of operation of gas transmission system in the conditions of its incomplete loading.
Methodological approaches to assessing the stress-strain state of pipelines in cases of their asymmetric load on the sections of overhead crossings
Authors: Korobkov O. Yu. , Ripetskyi Ye. Y. , Ripetskyi R. Y.
Published: February 2022

The geodetic surveys results of a number of above-ground pipeline crossings for various purposes in the study of stress-deformed state (SDS) are summarized. It is shown that pipelines are characterized by the process of asymmetric loading, which is manifested in the displacement of the maximum deflection arrow relative to the middle of the span. Methodical approaches to estimation of SDS of pipelines in cases of its asymmetric loading on sections of overpasses are offered. The minimum radius of curvature of the pipeline was chosen as the criterion for SDS assessment. In the first approximation, the curved axis of the pipeline is approximated by an arc of a circle and on the basis of geometric similarity the calculated formula of radius of curvature is obtained. The formula is extended to all cases of asymmetric loading by introducing the dimensionless function y(k) depending on the asymmetry coefficient k. This function y(k) is obtained using the theory of the curved axis of the beam, which is loaded by a concentrated force P, and approximated by a linear dependence. It is analyzed that at symmetrical loading the existing approaches to approximation of the axis of the pipeline by an arc of a circle give the underestimated result in an estimation of the SDS by 34%, and at asymmetric loading this discrepancy increases to 46%. The practical convergence of the results of the minimum radius of curvature with the experimental data is confirmed. The proposed technique is focused on the practical application of the processing of geodetic measurements, as it includes the parameters available for SDS control by geodetic instruments.
Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Proses Pemenuhan Kewajiban Perpajakan oleh Wajib Pajak yang Terdaftar pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Pontianak Tahun 2020
Authors: Zawitri Sari , Kurniasih Ninik , Sari Wida Arindya
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to see the impact on tax revenue, and the impact on out in tax reporting KPP Pratama in Pontianak in the pandemic covid 19. The research is a case study of exploration and researches the mixing of qualitative and quantitative methods. The kind of data that was used was the data as primary and secondary data. The technique of the data collection was done in 3 ways: 1. Interview, 2. Documentation, and 3. A method of the literature study. Then sample based on the achievement of the depth and wealth a description of, not the total sample. Analysis technique that produces the thematic analysis answer the interviews and of identification and reporting the data from the payment of tax like both of persons private and the tax year 2019. The result showed (1) research first showed that Covid-19 fulfillment of obligations would not have an impact on both the taxpayers and the person in the pay taxes on income tax PPh and PPN (tax) they increase in value. (2) the results of research second related fulfillment of an obligation related tax reporting SPT (announcement letter) an annual tax for the year 2019 declining tax effectively be 76 % or at the level of less docile, it is related to the development of the target the reporter threefold. The research is expected to push the government to optimize sources of certain tax revenue to offset the impact of tax revenue when pandemic Covid-19.
PERGESERAN MEDIA PENYIARAN ISLAM DI TENGAH WABAH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (Studi Analisis Konten Channel Youtube Penyiar Islam)
Authors: Noviyanto Kholid
Published: February 2022

Era covid-19 telah mengubah paradigma kehidupan manusia kearah digital khususnya dalam bidang media penyiaran Islam yang mulai bergeser dari digital non online menuju digital online. Para penyiar Islam yang dulunya aktif berdakwah di media televisi mulai bergeser media sosial khususnya youtube. Hal ini berdampak pada tingkat eksistensi media saat ini. Oleh karena ittu penelitian ini ingin membedah akun channel youtube para penyiar Islam yang familiar bagi khalayak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan fenomena objek penelitian. Adapun penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan conten analisis mengungkap fakta yang terjadi pada pengguna akun youtube melalui konten yang dikontruksi oleh penyiar Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akun channel youtube para penyiar Islam khususnya Ustadz Adi Hidayat yang mencapai 31.477.224 viewer, Ustadz Felix Siau mencapai 42.395.272 viewer, dan Ustadz Syamsuddin Nur mencapai 8.393.617 viewer telah berhasil menkonstruk akun channel youtubenya dan telah eksis hingga saati ini. Dari hasil analisa conten terdapat tiga aspek. Pertama, dari tampilan adanya inisial motivasi bagi khalayak. Kedua, dari apek menu video menyuguhkan beragam konten sesuai kebutuhan dan mengikuti tren khalayak. Ketiga, dari aspek isi video memuat kajian keislaman dan al-Qur‟an yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi khalayak.Kata kunci : Media Penyiaran Islam; Subscriber, Viewer
Les finances publiques face aux crises écologiques et naturelles
Authors: Degron Robin
Published: February 2022

Face aux crises naturelles et écologiques, en particulier la crise climatique et les dérèglements qui l’accompagnent, une régulation publique se met progressivement en place. Les finances publiques ont sans doute un rôle à jouer via le développement de la budgétisation verte et de la fiscalité environnementale. Celui-ci reste cependant encore modeste au regard du régime assuranciel privé qui couvre l’essentiel des dégâts sans beaucoup inciter à la prévention des risques majeurs et de la nécessité de gérer les défis socio-économiques qui demeurent la priorité politique. En France, la crise des gilets jaunes illustre la grande difficulté d’accroître le poids de la fiscalité verte dans un contexte de haut niveau des prélèvements obligatoire.
Réflexions d’une administratrice territoriale sur la certification des comptes locaux en expérimentation
Authors: Van Der Mee Camille
Published: February 2022

Dans la perspective du bilan final de l’expérimentation de la certification des comptes locaux, l’auteur s’interroge sur l’efficacité du processus de certification des comptes locaux pour garantir l’exactitude des comptes clos des administrations publiques locales. Elle s’interroge également sur son utilité pour la démocratie locale et la qualité des services publics. Ces interrogations légitimes qui animent de nombreux décideurs locaux permettront enfin d’identifier quelques pistes de réflexion en vue de déterminer les prérequis et les conditions favorables à la mise en place éventuelle d’une obligation de certification.
Spinal column shortening for secondary tethered cord syndrome: radiographic, clinical, patient-reported, and urodynamic short-term outcomes
Authors: McVeigh Luke G. , Anokwute Miracle C. , Belal Ahmed , Raman Natasha V. , Zieles Kristin , Szymanski Konrad M. , Misseri Rosalia , Jea Andrew
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of pathological stretching of the spinal cord leading to progressive loss of neurological function. The gold standard treatment for TCS is a tethered cord release. However, detethering involves significant risks of spinal cord injury and high rates of retethering. To mitigate these risks, the concept of spinal column shortening (SCS) to decrease spinal cord tension has become an alternative to detethering. In this study, the authors applied SCS to a pediatric and emerging adult population affected by secondary TCS.

METHODS

A retrospective review of a prospective database at the authors’ tertiary pediatric institution was performed. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, patient- and parent-reported outcomes, and urodynamics were used to evaluate the outcomes of TCS treated with SCS.

RESULTS

A total of 41 patients with secondary TCS were treated with SCS. The average age at the time of surgery was 15.9 years (range 5–55 years). Preoperative symptoms evaluated included pain (33 patients), weakness (30 patients), and bladder/bowel dysfunction (39 patients). The most common level of spinal column osteotomy was T12, with spinal fusion between T10 and L2. The mean follow-up time was 22.6 months (range 8–45 months). For patients with at least 12 months of follow-up, subjective clinical improvements were reported in 21/23 (91.3%) of those with preoperative pain (p < 0.01); in 16/24 (66.7%) of patients with weakness (p < 0.01), and in 15/29 (51.7%) of those with bladder/bowel dysfunction (p < 0.01). The median differences in initial and most recent Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory results were +5 for patient-reported scores (n = 19, p = 0.04) and +5 for parent-reported scores (n = 19, p = 0.08). Formal urodynamics performed at a median of 3.5 months after surgery documented stable to improved bladder function in 16/17 patients, with a median improvement in one classification category (n = 17, p = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

SCS continues to represent a safe and efficacious alternative to traditional spinal cord untethering for TCS in children and emerging adults, as documented by objective formal urodynamics and patient- and parent-reported outcomes.
Clinical features and surgical outcomes of intracranial and spinal cord subependymomas
Authors: Rincon-Torroella Jordina , Rakovec Maureen , Khalafallah Adham M , Liu Ann , Bettegowda Anya , Kut Carmen , Rodriguez Fausto J. , Weingart Jon , Luciano Mark , Olivi Alessandro , Jallo George I. , Brem Henry , Mukherjee Debraj , Lim Michael , Bettegowda Chetan
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Subependymomas are low-grade ependymal tumors whose clinical characteristics, radiographic features, and postsurgical outcomes are incompletely characterized due to their rarity. The authors present an institutional case series and a systematic literature review to achieve a better understanding of subependymomas.

METHODS

Adult patients with histologically confirmed subependymoma or mixed subependymoma-ependymoma surgically treated at a tertiary hospital between 1992 and 2020 were identified. A systematic literature review of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases from inception until December 4, 2020, was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Data extracted from both groups included demographics, radiographic features, tumor characteristics, management, and follow-up variables.

RESULTS

Forty-eight unique patients with subependymoma were identified by chart review; of these patients, 8 (16.7%) had mixed subependymoma-ependymoma tumors. The median age at diagnosis was 49 years (IQR 19.8 years), and 26 patients (54.2%) were male. Forty-two patients (87.5%) had intracranial subependymomas, and 6 (12.5%) had spinal tumors. The most common presentation was headache (n = 20, 41.7%), although a significant number of tumors were diagnosed incidentally (n = 16, 33.3%). Among the 42 patients with intracranial tumors, 15 (35.7%) had hydrocephalus, and the most common surgical strategy was a suboccipital approach with or without C1 laminectomy (n = 26, 61.9%). Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 33 cases (68.7%), and 2 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Most patients had no major postsurgical complications (n = 34, 70.8%), and only 1 (2.1%) had recurrence after GTR. Of 2036 reports initially identified in the systematic review, 39 were eligible for inclusion, comprising 477 patients. Of 462 patients for whom tumor location was reported, 406 (87.9%) were intracranial, with the lateral ventricle as the most common location (n = 214, 46.3%). Spinal subependymomas occurred in 53 patients (11.5%), with 3 cases (0.6%) in multiple locations. Similar to the case series at the authors’ institution, headache was the most common presenting symptom (n = 231, 54.0%) among the 428 patients whose presentation was reported. Twenty-seven patients (6.3%) were diagnosed incidentally, and 36 cases (8.4%) were found at autopsy. Extent of resection was reported for 350 patients, and GTR was achieved in 250 (71.4%). Fifteen of 337 patients (4.5%) had recurrence or progression.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors’ case series and literature review demonstrate that patients with subependymoma are well managed with resection and generally have a favorable prognosis.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for Rathke’s cleft cysts: an international multicenter study
Authors: Kondziolka Douglas , Bernstein Kenneth , Lee Cheng-Chia , Yang Huai-Che , Liscak Roman , May Jaromir , Martínez-Álvarez Roberto , Martínez-Moreno Nuria , Bunevicius Adomas , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Rathke’s cleft cysts (RCCs) are sellar collections from an incompletely regressed Rathke’s pouch. Common symptoms of RCCs can include headaches, visual loss, and endocrinopathy. Surgery is required in some cases of symptomatic or growing RCCs. Recurrence after surgery is common (range 10%–40%). Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been used in an attempt to control growth and symptoms, but outcomes are not well known. The authors sought to study the outcomes of RCCs following Gamma Knife surgery for both salvage and initial treatment.

METHODS

The outcomes of 25 patients with RCCs who underwent SRS between 2001 and 2020 were reviewed. Four patients received initial SRS and 21 were treated with salvage SRS. Diagnosis was based on imaging or histopathology. Cyst control was defined as stability or regression of the cyst. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine time to recurrence and determine potential factors for recurrence.

RESULTS

The respective median clinical follow-up and margin dose were 6.5 years and 12 Gy. Overall control was achieved in 19 (76%) of 25 patients, and 4 recurrences required further intervention. The average time to recurrence was 35.6 months in those RCCs that recurred. Visual recovery occurred in 14 (93.3%) of 15 patients and no new post-SRS visual deficits occurred. The presence of a pretreatment visual deficit was often an indicator of RCC regrowth. All 3 patients with pretreatment hyperprolactinemia experienced resolution after SRS. New endocrinopathy related to SRS was noted in 5 (20%) of 25 patients, all of which were thyroid and/or cortisol axis related. Upfront SRS was used in 4 patients. No new endocrinopathies or visual deficits developed after upfront SRS, and the 1 patient with a pretreatment visual deficit recovered. One of the 4 patients with upfront SRS experienced a recurrence after 7.5 years.

CONCLUSIONS

SRS produced effective recovery of visual deficits and carries a low risk for new visual deficits. Cyst control was achieved in approximately three-fourths of the patients. Following SRS, patients without pretreatment visual deficits are less likely to have RCC regrowth. Endocrinopathy can occur after SRS, similar to other sellar mass lesions. Initial SRS shows the potential for long-term cyst control, with improvement of symptoms and a low risk for complications.
Gamma Knife radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors from ovarian cancer: histopathological analysis of survival and local control. A Japanese multi-institutional cooperative and retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matsunaga Shigeo , Shuto Takashi , Serizawa Toru , Aoyagi Kyoko , Hasegawa Toshinori , Kawagishi Jun , Yomo Shoji , Kenai Hiroyuki , Nakazaki Kiyoshi , Moriki Akihito , Iwai Yoshiyasu , Yamamoto Tetsuya
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Brain metastasis is rare in ovarian cancer patients. The results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of patients with brain metastases from ovarian cancer were retrospectively analyzed to derive the efficacy and prognostic factors for survival and local tumor control. Further histopathological analysis was also performed.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 118 patients with 566 tumors who had undergone GKRS at the 10 GKRS institutions in Japan.

RESULTS

After the initial GKRS, the median overall survival time was 18.1 months. Multivariate analysis showed that uncontrolled primary cancer (p = 0.003) and multiple intracranial metastases (p = 0.034) were significant unfavorable factors. Ten patients died of uncontrolled brain metastases at a median of 17.1 months. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month neurological death rates were 3.2%, 4.6%, and 11.9%, respectively. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month neurological deterioration rates were 7.2%, 13.5%, and 31.4%, respectively. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month distant brain control failure rates were 20.6%, 40.2%, and 42.3%, respectively. Median tumor volume was 1.6 cm3 and marginal dose was 20 Gy. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month local tumor control rates were 97.6%, 95.2%, and 88.0%, respectively. Peritumoral edema (p = 0.043), more than 7-cm3 volume (p = 0.021), and prescription dose less than 18 Gy (p = 0.014) were factors that were significantly correlated in local tumor control failure. Eight patients had symptomatic radiation injury. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month GKRS-related complication rates were 3.3%, 7.8%, and 12.2%, respectively. Primary ovarian cancer was histopathologically diagnosed for 313 tumors in 69 patients. Serous adenocarcinoma was found in 37 patients and other types in 32 patients. Median survival times were 32.3 months for the serous type and 17.4 months for other types after initial GKRS. Patients with serous-type tumors survived significantly longer than patients with other types (p = 0.039). The 6-, 12-, and 24-month local tumor control rates were 100%, 98.8%, and 98.8%, respectively. Serous-type tumors were a significantly good prognosis factor for local tumor control after GKRS (p = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

This study established a relationship between the efficacy of GKRS treatment for brain metastases and the histological type of primary ovarian cancer. GKRS for ovarian cancer brain metastasis can provide satisfactory survival and local control, especially in cases of serous adenocarcinoma.
C1-ring osteosynthesis versus C1–2 fixation fusion in the treatment of unstable atlas fractures: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study with 5-year follow-up
Authors: Yan Liang , Du Jinpeng , Yang Junsong , He Baorong , Hao Dingjun , Zheng Bolong , Yang Xiaobin , Hui Hua , Liu Tuanjiang , Wang Xiaodong , Guo Hua , Chen Jian , Wang Shaofei , Ma Shengzhong , Dong Shengli
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term effects of posterior C1-ring osteosynthesis and C1–2 fixation fusion in the treatment of unstable atlas fractures.

METHODS

A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted to analyze 73 patients with atlas fractures who underwent posterior fixation. The intervention group was treated with C1-ring osteosynthesis, and the control group was treated with C1–2 fixation fusion. The patients were followed up for 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years after the operation.

RESULTS

Fifty-two patients had complete data at the last follow-up. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for neck pain in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, radiation dose, bedridden period, hospital stay, and cost in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001). At the last follow-up, the Neck Disability Index in the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, and the angle of flexion-extension and axial rotation in the intervention group were greater than those in the control group (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, the authors found that posterior C1-ring osteosynthesis is superior to C1–2 fixation fusion in terms of long-term relief of neck pain and preservation of the physiological function of the cervical vertebrae. This technique is a reliable choice for the treatment of unstable C1 fractures.
Foreword
Authors: Editorial board
Published: February 2022

Making Archaeology Public. A View from the Mediterranean, Eastern Europe and Beyond

The concept of Public Archaeology has profoundly changed since Mc Grimsey’s first formulation in the early 1970s, as it developed a solid conceptual and practical framework along the years that makes it now an independent branch of archaeology. However, in English-speaking and Northern European countries, the perception of archaeology as a common good was widely spread even before the actual formalization of Public Archaeology as a specific curriculum offered by several universities. Not surprisingly, such an earlier interest led to the development of a markedly North Europe-centric perspective on the topic, which keeps steering much of the current reflection on Public Archaeology despite the emergence of multiple and alternative standpoints on the matter, further deepening the great divide between the archaeologies of Northern and Southern European countries.