bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of AI chatbots in education: systematic literature review
Authors: Labadze Lasha , Grigolia Maya , Machaidze Lela
Published: October 2023

AI chatbots shook the world not long ago with their potential to revolutionize education systems in a myriad of ways. AI chatbots can provide immediate support by answering questions, offering explanations, and providing additional resources. Chatbots can also act as virtual teaching assistants, supporting educators through various means. In this paper, we try to understand the full benefits of AI chatbots in education, their opportunities, challenges, potential limitations, concerns, and prospects of using AI chatbots in educational settings. We conducted an extensive search across various academic databases, and after applying specific predefined criteria, we selected a final set of 67 relevant studies for review. The research findings emphasize the numerous benefits of integrating AI chatbots in education, as seen from both students' and educators' perspectives. We found that students primarily gain from AI-powered chatbots in three key areas: homework and study assistance, a personalized learning experience, and the development of various skills. For educators, the main advantages are the time-saving assistance and improved pedagogy. However, our research also emphasizes significant challenges and critical factors that educators need to handle diligently. These include concerns related to AI applications such as reliability, accuracy, and ethical considerations.
Down-regulation of MSH3 and MSH6 genes in female breast cancer patients receiving taxane-based therapy
Authors: Attia Hanaa R. M. , Ayoub Dina F. , Abd El-Aziz Shereen H. , Abdel Wahed Mai M. , Abd El-Fattah Safa N. , Abdel-Monem Mahmoud A. , Rabah Thanaa M. , Kamel Mahmoud M. , Helal Amany , Ibrahim Mona Hamed
Published: October 2023

Background

The DNA in each cell in our body is constantly in danger of becoming damaged. Most DNA damage gets repaired straight away via many different proteins encoded by DNA—repair genes. MSH3 and MSH6 are pivotal DNA repair genes maintaining human genome integrity. Dysregulated expression of such genes has its implications resulting in developing of adverse reactions in cancer breast patients receiving taxanes. Cancer chemotherapy with some of taxane class of agents are associated with significant neurotoxicity, arthralgias and myalgias that may offset the therapeutic benefits of taxane use. Our aim is to identify gene expression pattern of MSH3 and MSH6 DNA mismatch repair genes in female breast cancer patients who develop adverse reactions to taxane-based therapy. One hundred and five patients with histologically proven breast cancer who received paclitaxel (PTX) as a single agent or combination therapy have been enrolled along with a group of 50 females with benign breast lesions serving as controls.Gene expression studies of mismatch repair genes (MMR) genes; MSH3 and MSH6; have been performed by real-time PCR. Patients were divided into groups according to the determined type/grade of PTX-based toxicity and fold changes of both genes were estimated.

Results

In the present work both MMR genes showed significantly lower expression in all the studied patients compared to benign cases as a control group. Toxicity findings were encountered in 75.2% of the studied patient cohort. The most common observed type of toxicity was peripheral neuropathy (PN), 58.1% of the studied patients. Both MSH3 and MSH6 genes were significantly down-regulated in the presence of high grade PN toxicity ≥ 2 (p = 0.034 and 0.01); diarrhea toxicity (p = 0.02 and 0.008); dyspnea (p = 0.01 and 0.016) respectively and bone pain (p = 0.024 for MSH6 only).

Conclusion

Dysregulated expression of MMR GENES [MSH3and MSH6] can be implicated in paclitaxel—induced toxicity experienced by some cancer breast patients.
Students explain evolution by natural selection differently for humans versus nonhuman animals
Authors: de Lima Joelyn , Long Tammy M.
Published: October 2023

Evolution is foundational to understanding biology, yet learners at all levels struggle to reason about and explain core evolution concepts. This study examines the influence of prompt context in shaping students’ explanations of natural selection by comparing responses about human versus nonhuman animals.
Recent Research in Science Teaching and Learning
Authors: Eddy Sarah L.
Published: October 2023

The Current Insights feature introduces readers to current articles of interest in other journals. In this installment we explore articles on the relationship between belonging and participation, instructor-student relationship and implementation of high impact teaching practices, and which leads to better student feedback: rubrics or exemplars.
Statistical Interpretation and Comparison of Waterfall Plots
Authors: Huang Mo , Chen Cong , Sun Linda Z.
Published: October 2023

Waterfall plots have gained popularity as a visualization tool to present antitumor activity of treatments in oncology, especially for phase I and II trials. The typical waterfall plot in oncology is a bar plot with each bar representing the best percent tumor size reduction from baseline for a patient sorted in descending order along the x-axis. As new therapies are routinely developed in combination with standard of care or other investigational treatments, waterfall plot comparison between combination therapy and monotherapy may facilitate development decisions in addition to overall response rate or duration of response. However, waterfall plots are often assessed heuristically in practice with lack of statistical rigor. In this work, we examine the correspondence between the waterfall plot and the empirical cumulative distribution function. We demonstrate how to derive key summary statistics directly from the waterfall plot. Using real examples from published waterfall plots, we show how comparisons of waterfall plots can elucidate clinically meaningful information, such as treatment effect patterns in progression-free survival and overall survival.
Digitization and the Market for Physical Works: Evidence from the Google Books Project
Authors: Nagaraj Abhishek , Reimers Imke
Published: October 2023

The free digital distribution of creative works could cannibalize demand for physical versions, but it could also boost physical sales by enabling consumers to discover the original work. We study the impact of the Google Books digitization project on the market for physical books. We find that digitization significantly boosts the demand for physical versions and provide evidence for the discovery channel. Moreover, digitization allows independent publishers to introduce new editions for existing books, further increasing sales. Our results highlight the potential of free digital distribution to strengthen the demand for and supply of physical products. (JEL D12, L82, L86)
Analysis of internal environment in coal industry of Russia: main risks after economic sanctions
Authors: Mikhaylov Alexey , Chang Tsangyao , Karlibaeva Raya , Stepanova Diana , Dilla william
Published: October 2023

Background: Internal environment has a great importance in the coal industry of Russia, so it should be actively implemented and constantly developed in the near future, allowing to increase the competitiveness of production and sale of coal and other natural resources. The article reveals the growth rates of key indicators for improving the business climate in increasing competitiveness. Methods: The paper uses score, SWOT and risks analysis methods. These methods help in identifying internal and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable to achieving the objective. SWOT analysis is also used in the field of information security to assess and manage information risks. It is considered a systematic methodology for information protection. Results: Thus, it can be noted that after carrying out measures to improve the competitiveness of the products of SUEC and Kuzbass Coal Mine, the key performance indicators will increase, which will contribute to achieving a socio–economic effect. Conclusions: The novelty of the paper is that the main internal environment includes risks: 1) personnel of coal industry companies; 2) management process; 3) financial activities; 4) marketing activities.
Outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Ireland 2012-2020: Protocol for an observational study
Authors: Barry Tomás , Kasemiire Alice , Quinn Martin , Deasy Conor , Bury Gerard , Masterson Siobhan , Segurado Ricardo , Murphy Andrew ,   Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry Steering Group
Published: October 2023

Background Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of preventable mortality that now affects almost 3,000 people each year in Ireland. Survival is low at 6–7%, compared to a European average of 8%. The Irish Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Registry (OHCAR) prospectively gathers data on all OHCA in Ireland where emergency medical services attempted resuscitation. The Irish health system has undergone several developments that are relevant to OHCA care in the period 2012–2020. OHCAR data provides a means of exploring temporal trends in OHCA incidence, care, and outcomes over time. It also provides a means of exploring whether system developments were associated with a change in key outcomes. This research aims to summarise key trends in available OHCAR data from the period 2012 – 2020, to explore and model predictors of bystander CPR, bystander defibrillation, and survival, and to explore the hypothesis that significant system level temporal developments were associated with improvements in these outcomes. Methods The following protocol sets out the relevant background and research approach for an observational study that will address the above aims. Key trends in available OHCAR data (2012 – 2020) will be described and evaluated using descriptive summaries and graphical displays. Multivariable logistic regression will be used to model predictors of ‘bystander CPR’, ‘bystander defibrillation’ and ‘survival to hospital discharge’ and to explore the effects (if any) of system level developments in 2015/2016 and the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) on these outcomes. Discussion The findings of this research will be used to understand temporal trends in the care processes and outcomes for OHCA in Ireland over the period 2012-2020. The results can further be used to optimise future health system developments for OHCA in both Ireland and internationally.
Żebracy: XV-wieczne bractwo żołnierskie i jego historiograficzne kreacje
Authors: Goliński Mateusz
Published: October 2023

“ŻEBRACY”: THE 15TH-CENTURY SOLDIER FRATERNITY AND ITS HISTORIOGRAPHICAL CREATIONS From the 1440s to the 1470s, the areas of Slovakia, Austria, Moravia, Silesia and the Lesser Poland region were affected by the activities of fraternities formed by mercenary soldiers. In an attempt to extort payment of outstanding wages, or in search of sources of income, soldiers organized themselves into unions that occupied fortresses, from where they carried out looting activities and collected tribute from the local population. „Brothers” also formed mercenary troops. The book analyzes source accounts of the group known by its Czech name as “žebráci”, or Polish “żebracy”, which literally means beggars. The name was not translated into Latin and German at the time, rendering in its original or distorted wording as “Zebraken.” This group was formed in 1457 by mercenaries who did not receive payment from the Polish king for their service in the war waged in Prussia and retreated to the borderlands of Lesser Poland and Silesia. Its name referred to the fortified camp near the village of Żebracze, where the fraternity was formed. It also included previously active bands of soldiers whose commanders were creditors of the Polish king. The origin of the soldiers varied according to the individual squads; their common language of communication was Czech. After the king settled his dues in 1459, the group’s subsequent fate remains unclear. At least a part of it settled in the eastern borderlands of Moravia and Silesia, from where it was used in warfare and robbery in Upper Silesia. Most likely, they did not move to the lands of the Kingdom of Hungary, although there were connections with troops operating in Slovakia. The name “żebracy” and its distortions were used exclusively in Silesia. Outside the region, the name was known through the diplomatic correspondence of the city of Wrocław, where by 1467 it was used to define the „brothers” who crossed from Austria to Moravia in 1466. Some of them took service with the Bohemian king and participated in the war in Silesia. Some settled in Slovakia, where the group was torn apart by the Hungarian king. In the 19th century, thanks to the edition of Peter Eschenloer’s Chronicle and František Palacký’s books, the name „Zebraken” became widespread in historiography, especially German, where it began to refer to the general phenomenon of the squad „brothers”. In turn, due to the dictionary meaning of the word „žebráci”, the group’s name aroused fascination in fiction writing. This was translated into 20th-century Slovak and Czech popular science writing regarding this part of the “brothers” who met a tragic fate at the hands of the Hungarian king in 1467.
TELETRABALHO E HIPERCONEXÃO: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO CONCEITO DE JORNADA EXAUSTIVA / TELEWORK AND HYPERCONNECTION: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE CONCEPT OF EXHAUSTING WORKDAY
Authors: Ferreira Versalhes Enos Nunes , Nascimento Juliana Oliveira Eiró Do , Silva Robson Heleno Da , Brito Filho José Claudio Monteiro De
Published: October 2023

Resumo: A investigação problematiza o teletrabalho, regulamentado pela reforma trabalhista, na questão concernente à inobservância do direito à desconexão. O objetivo é refletir se esta realidade apresenta pertinência com a escravidão virtual, especificamente quanto à configuração da jornada exaustiva, considerando que a utilização de tecnologias de informação e comunicação é elemento indispensável à noção de teletrabalho, e seu emprego abusivo tem potencial para diluir a fronteira entre o pessoal e o profissional, violando a dignidade humana. Dentro desta conjuntura, a pesquisa se traduz em uma análise de cunho bibliográfico e explicativo, servindo-se do método dedutivo, e buscando resposta ao problema de pesquisa concernente em saber em que medida a conectividade excessiva, no contexto do teletrabalho, pode configurar a existência de jornada exaustiva, se amoldando a um dos modos de execução típicos do trabalho em condições análogas à escravo. Conclui-se que, a hiperconexão, para além dos prejuízos aos direitos à saúde, ao lazer, ao repouso, à convivência familiar e comunitária, impedindo a realização do projeto de vida do trabalhador, pode materializar um dos elementos fático-jurídicos da capitulação inserta no artigo 149, do Código Penal, qual seja, a jornada exaustiva.
Palavras-chave: Teletrabalho. Jornada exaustiva. Escravidão virtual. Direito à desconexão. Trabalho decente.
Abstract: The research problematizes telework, regulated by the labor reform, in the issue concerning the non-observance of the right to disconnection. The objective is to reflect if this reality has pertinence with virtual slavery, specifically as to the configuration of the exhausting workday, considering that the use of information and communication technologies is an indispensable element to the notion of telework, and its abusive use has the potential to dilute the boundary between the personal and the professional, violating human dignity. Within this conjuncture, the research is translated into a bibliographical and explanatory analysis, using the deductive method, and seeking an answer to the research problem concerning the extent to which excessive connectivity, in the context of telework, can configure the existence of an exhaustive workday, fitting into one of the typical modes of execution of work in conditions analogous to slavery. We conclude that, besides the damage to the rights to health, to leisure, to rest, to family and community life, preventing the fulfillment of the worker's life project, the hyperconnection can materialize one of the factuallegal elements of the capitulation inserted in article 149, of the Penal Code, which is, the exhausting work day.
Keywords: Telework. Exhausting journey. Virtual slavery. Right to disconnect. Decent work
Prehabilitation exercise therapy before elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: informing clinical practice
Authors: Ali-Heybe Zundus , Mohamed Areej , Hamer Oliver , Hill James
Published: October 2023

In this commentary, Zundus Ali-heybe and colleagues critically appraise the most recent Cochrane review on the effects of prehabilitation exercise therapy for patients planned to undergo abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, focusing on the implications for practice and areas for further research.
Tunable Paramagnetism in Mn co-doped N:CdS Composite Nanoparticles
Authors: Reddy M Surya Sekhar
Published: October 2023

Manganese-co-doped N:CdS composite nanoparticles (CNps) have been prepared by using the co-precipitation method. 2-Mercaptoethonal is used as a surfactant to control the size of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirm the size of the particles in the nanorange. The Rietveld refinement with X'-pert high-score software studies show multiphase existence in as-prepared composite nanoparticles. The energy dispersive analyses of X-ray studies (EDAX) confirm the presence of doped Mn and nitrogen elements in CdS. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies confirm the presence of surfactant. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy studies (UV-VIS) show a clear blue shift in the band gap, which is an indication of the quantum confinement effect. The photoluminescence studies (PL) attribute the emission of a characteristically strong peak at λ = 632 nm, corresponding to the (4T1→6A1) transition, to the inclusion of Mn2+ in the core of the CdS lattice. The electron paramagnetic spectroscopy (EPR) studies show paramagnetic behavior. The hyperfine splitting constant (A) values around 7 mT from EPR confirms the inclusion of Mn2+ and N3- in the tetrahedral sites of the CdS core. The variation in optical and magnetic properties of as-prepared composite nanoparticles has the potential for optoelectric and magnetoluminescence devices.
Study on Solution Behavior of Green Gemini-Conventional Mixed Systems and their Solubilization Capability Towards Phenanthrene
Authors: Ahmad Moughes , Sardar Najam
Published: October 2023

In the present study green ester bonded cationic gemini surfactants, Ethane-1,2-diyl bis (N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonium acetoxy)dichloride (16E216) and 2,2’-{(oxybis(ethane1,2-diyl)bis(oxy)bis(N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-hexadecyl oxoethanaminium)dichloride (16E316) were synthesized and evaluated for their various physicochemical and other interaction parameters with their mixtures with conventional surfactants namely (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) by tensiometry. Much lower cmc values of the order of 250 times were observed for 16E216 and 16E316 than conventional surfactants. Further, synergistic interaction occurs between the gemini and conventional surfactants as a result of negative interaction parameters. The mixed systems were also investigated for the solubilization of polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), Phenanthrene. Among the pure surfactants, 16E216 has the highest and CTAB has the lowest efficiency for phenanthrene. Solubility enhancement was observed for almost all gemini-conventional mixed systems and shows better solubilization properties than pure surfactant systems due to synergism. The morphologies of pure and mixed systems were examined by TEM imaging. Findings of the present study could be exploited to use such mixed surfactant systems as the successful remediation technology for PAH contaminated soils.
Preparation of GBSA (Guargum 1-butane sulphonic acid) Resin and Study of Their Physicochemical Characterization and Use for Removal of Toxic metal from Effluents
Authors: Gaur Sunita , Joshi Renu , Singh Aresh Vikram
Published: October 2023

The adsorption behavior of a functional group 1-butane sulphonic acid, is used for synthesis of the natural resin based on guar gum is GBSA resin. Many hazardous metal ions have been studied utilizing batch method and column separation experiment. The Gaur gum-based resin (GBSA) was evaluated based on its bulk density, FTIR spectra, and ion exchange capability. The hazardous metal ions have been removed from industrial effluents using GBSA resin. The resin utilized to remove iron and cobalt metal from contaminated water using GBSA resin. Iron metal ions show maximum adsorption on GBSA resin at pH 5 while cobalt metal ion show maximum adsorption at pH 6.This paper described about removal of iron and cobalt metal ion on GBSA resin.
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Novel Oxazine and Thiazine Compounds Derived from Chalcones
Authors: Prajapati Shreekant. M. , S. Shah Sanjay. , Malaviya Arun .R.
Published: October 2023

In this ongoing research, our objective is to synthesize Oxazines and Thiazines by employing Chalcones, providing an uncomplicated approach for generating diverse heterocyclic derivatives. These substances show a wide spectrum of biological impact, i.e. analgesic, anti-phlogistic, and anti-convulsant properties. To characterize these newly synthesized compounds, we conducted comprehensive analyses employing techniques such as infrared spectroscopy (IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and mass spectrometry. Additionally, we evaluated the antimicrobial potential of these compounds.
DESAFIOS PARA A EXPANSÃO DO SANEAMENTO EM ÁREAS RURAIS: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE RURALIDADES POR MEIO DE ALGORITMOS DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA
Authors: Senna Diego Augustus , Pereira Luiz Philippe , Rezende Sonaly
Published: October 2023

As distintas formas de ocupação do território rural brasileiro produzem demandas específicas que devem ser consideradas em políticas públicas. O cenário configurado diante da atualização do Marco Legal do Saneamento, e as incertezas quanto ao atendimento das áreas rurais, reforçam a importância de se reafirmar os modos de vida associados às múltiplas ruralidades. O Programa Nacional de Saneamento Rural (PNSR) definiu uma tipologia de ruralidades para orientar a criação de matrizes tecnológicas para o saneamento. Essa tipologia resultou da agregação de setores censitários do IBGE, vinculando ruralidades específicas a diferenças no atendimento. Neste artigo, algoritmos de clusterização, redes neurais e Random Forests foram aplicados para delinear as ruralidades. Os resultados apontam para notáveis diferenças no alcance do saneamento entre as ruralidades do PNSR, revelando-se aderência dessa divisão às condições encontradas. Este trabalho reforça a importância da análise de dados para a compreensão das desigualdades rurais, auxiliando em tomadas de decisão.
Loneliness in a group. Reflections on isolation, lack of relationships and the feeling of loneliness during Covid-19 pandemic on the example of research conducted at Police Academy in Szczytno
Authors: Klonowska Iwona
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

Głównym celem badań w obszarze pytań zarządczych było poznanie opinii respondentów na temat funkcjonowania uczelni w pandemii COVID-19 pod kątem wypracowanych i wprowadzonych rozwiązań

Materiał i metody

W badaniach zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Wykorzystano technikę anonimowej ankiety (dwie wersje językowe: polską i angielską). Kwestionariusz ankiety powstał w formie on-line, do której dostęp był w oparciu o utworzony link. W artykule autorka zaprezentowała część wyników badań naukowych przeprowadzonych w latach 2020/2022 roku zarówno wśród policjantów i pracowników zatrudnionych w Wyższej Szkole Policji w Szczytnie (n=181 osób), w ramach realizacji kierowanego zadania badawczego, finansowanego z subwencji MSWiA

Wyniki

Pandemia Covid-19 zmieniła świat. Spowodowała jego swoiste zatrzymanie, zmusiła do zamknięcia się ludzi w domach. Nauczanie przeniosła do świata wirtualnego. Wpłynęła na rodzaj i ilość relacji międzyludzkich. Większość kontaktów bezpośrednich musiała zostać ograniczona do minimum lub zupełnie przestać istnieć. Szczególnie dotkliwe i odczuwalne było funkcjonowanie w czasie Covid-19 w uczelni takiej jak Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie. Artykuł odnosi się w szczególności do funkcjonowania uczelni resortowej jaką jest WSPol w czasie pandemii Covid-19, przyjętych przez nią rozwiązań i ewentualnych konsekwencji odczuwanych przez słuchaczy, studentów i pracowników

Wnioski

Szczególną uwagę skoncentrowano na pytaniach dotyczących tempa wprowadzonych zmian w Uczelni i ich oceny przez pryzmat funkcjonowania Szkoły, rozwiązań które zdaniem badanych winny pozostać w uczelni pomimo zakończenia pandemii poczucia sprawstwa i wpływu na przebieg procesów jakie wprowadzono w WSPol oraz katalogu konkretnych rozwiązań zastosowanych i wdrożonych w poszczególnych komórkach organizacyjnych badanych
The genesis of sensitive communication. Patient experience as an educational resource and a source of knowledge
Authors: Janiak Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

Artykuł przedstawia genezę komunikacji sensytywnej – rodzaju komunikacji, który powinien być wyuczony i stosowany przez wykonujących zawody pomocowe wobec podopiecznych doświadczających straty, przemocy, zagrożenia życia, śmierci, żałoby.

Materiał i metody

W latach 2001-2019 przeprowadzono badania (wywiady, obserwacje, ankiety) wśród rodziców zmarłych dzieci, a także ratowników medycznych, lekarzy, pielęgniarek i położnych szpitali wrocławskich i warszawskich. Na ich podstawie opracowano protokół komunikacyjny OPIEKUN - jak zawiadamiać rodziców o śmierci dziecka.

Wyniki

Protokół jest stosowany na oddziałach neonatologicznych, a od 2018 jeździ w karetkach w postaci zalaminowanej poręcznej instrukcji postępowania. Ma być stosowany jako standard opieki medycznej w całej Polsce. Jego skuteczność wydaje się efektem opracowania go w oparciu o doświadczenie podopiecznych, którzy wskazali, co im pomogło a czego im brakowało w bolesnej interakcji z profesjonalistą. Po podobne narzędzia komunikacyjne zgłaszają się policjanci, duchowni, nauczyciele, dziennikarze itp.

Wnioski

Artykuł wnioskuje uznanie pacjentów za naturalnych nauczycieli komunikacji wspierającej w kształceniu personelu medycznego wskazując miejsca i sposoby wykorzystania ich doświadczenia.
Between the anthropomorphization of machines and the technomorphization of man
Authors: Szpunar Magdalena
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

W tekście tym interesują nas dwa przeciwstawne procesy właściwe dla funkcjonowania w technologicznej rzeczywistości. Pierwszym z nich jest antropomorfizacja maszyn, stąd problematyzujemy jej przyczyny i społeczne konsekwencje, z drugiej strony przedmiotem naszego naszego zainteresowania jest zjawisko przeciwstawne – właściwie nieobecne w refleksji teoretycznej jakim jest technomorfizacja człowieka.

Materiał i metody

Artykuł ma charakter metateoretyczny, a jego celem systematyzacja wiedzy na temat antropomorfizacji maszyn, jej przyczyn i skutków, a także zdefiniowanie pojęcia technomorfizacji człowieka, ukazanie przejawów myślenia technomorficznego, a także wynikających z niego konsekwencji.

Wyniki

Antropomorfizujemy maszyny, by minimalizować przejawiane wobec nich lęki, oswoić nieznane i niezrozumiałe. Coraz częściej odczuwamy wobec nich wstyd prometejski, który alienuje nas od wytworów własnej pracy. Choć zachłysnęliśmy się możliwościami technologii, potencjałem usprawniania siebie, zapominamy jak nieludzko ułomnymi czyni nas ona jednocześnie, ile odbiera nam sprawstwa, decyzyjności, refleksyjności i krytycyzmu.

Wnioski

Technomorficzny człowiek choć skuteczny jest jednocześnie coraz mniej ludzki, coraz mniej człowieczy. Poprzez zaabsorbowanie nad własną skutecznością i niezawodnością staje się emocjonalnym zombie. W zogniskowaniu uwagi na efektywności zapominamy, że nie jesteśmy maszynami i do przetrwania potrzebujemy bycia ludźmi, bycia z ludźmi, przyzwolenia na własną kruchość i ułomność.
Strategic intelligence in process of strategic thinking and action
Authors: Rybicki Jacek Marian
Published: October 2023

Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczny i oparty został o studia literaturowe. Celem pracy było stworzenie koncepcji integrującej wyniki badań nad inteligencją strategiczną i myśleniem strategicznym. Przyjęta procedura badawcza obejmowała analizę i syntezę wyselekcjonowanej literatury przedmiotu. Analiza oparta była o dedukcyjny sposób rozumowania. Syntezę literatury oparto o indukcyjny sposób rozumowania. W wyniku badań literaturowych zidentyfikowano komponenty inteligencji strategicznej i myślenia strategicznego. Przedstawiono strategie behawioralne przedsiębiorstw o różnym poziomie myślenia strategicznego a także cechy przedsiębiorstw o wysokim, średnim i niskim poziomie inteligencji strategicznej. Ostatecznie przedstawiono koncepcję inteligencji strategicznej jako procesu myślenia i działania strategicznego. Wyniki badań mają znaczenie dla przyszłych dociekań dotyczących metod rozwoju inteligencji strategicznej i myślenia strategicznego w różnych kontekstach sektorowych.
Self-efficacy and resiliency in public administration employees. The context of remote working
Authors: Czechowska-Bieluga Marta , Stachyra-Sokulska Anna Katarzyna , Różański Andrzej , Sarzyńska-Mazurek Ewa , Chojak Małgorzata
Published: October 2023

Cel pracy

Celem badań była analiza związku prężności psychicznej z poczuciem samoskuteczności osób zatrudnionych w administracji publicznej oraz określenie poziomów obu analizowanych zmiennych, a także ustalenie ich gotowości do pracy zdalnej.

Materiał i metody

W badaniach zastosowano Skalę Uogólnionej Własnej Skuteczności (GSES), stworzoną przez
R. Schwarzera i M. Jerusalema, w adaptacji Z. Juczyńskiego, która została opracowana w oparciu
o koncepcję samoskuteczności A. Bandury. Do pomiaru prężności zastosowano Skalę Prężności Psychicznej– SPP-25 N. Ogińskiej-Bulik i Zygfryda Juczyńskiego. W badaniach posłużono się także ankietą własnego autorstwa, dotyczącą gotowości do pracy zdalnej. Zbadano 515 pracowników zatrudnionych w administracji publicznej.

Wyniki

Analiza wyników badań wskazuje na wysoki związek poczucia uogólnionej własnej skuteczności
z prężnością psychiczną oraz jej pięcioma wymiarami. Badani pracownicy administracji publicznej cechują się wysokim poziomem zarówno prężności psychicznej, jak i poczucia uogólnionej własnej skuteczności. Pracownicy, pomimo krótkiego doświadczenia pracy zdalnej, wykazują także dużą elastyczność w dostosowaniu się do zmian trybu pracy (zarówno ze zdalnego na stacjonarny, jak
i odwrotnie), a także gotowość do pracy w trybie hybrydowym, co jest istotne w kontekście dynamicznych zmian na rynku pracy.

Wnioski

Praca ma wymiar teoretyczno-praktyczny. Poczucie własnej skuteczności jest silnie związane
z prężnością psychiczną i są to zasoby o charakterze wyuczonym. Rozwijanie prężności psychicznej
i poczucia samoskuteczności może przyczynić się do efektywnego radzenia sobie ze zmianami
w kontekście zawodowym, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do pracy zdalnej oraz do poprawy jakości życia
i dobrostanu psychicznego pracowników (Saini i Roulet, 2022, s. 5-6).
4D hyperspectral surface topography measurement system based on the Scheimpflug principle and hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Chen Xiang , Huang Xuhui , He Sailing
Published: October 2023

A four-dimensional (4D) hyperspectral surface topography measurement (HSTM) system that can acquire uniform inelastic signals [three-dimensional (3D) spatial data] and reflection/fluorescence spectra of an object is proposed. The key components of the system are a light-sheet profilometer based on the Scheimpflug principle and a hyperspectral imager. Based on the mapping relationships among the image coordinate systems of the two imaging subsystems and the coordinate system of the real space, the spectral data can be assigned to the corresponding 3D point cloud, forming a 4D model. The spectral resolution is better than 4 nm. 700 nm, 546 nm, and 436 nm are selected as the three primary colors of red, green, and blue to restore the color. The 4D hyperspectral surface reconstruction experiments of philodendron and chlorophytum have shown the good performance of the proposed HSTM system and the great application potential for plant phenotype and growth analysis in agriculture.
Gravity-based network traffic abstraction and laser ON/OFF control in optical satellite networks
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Yuanjian , Zhao Yongli , Gao Kexin , Hu Liyazhou , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2023

As the cost of launching low Earth orbit satellites continuously decreases, satellite-based communications networks are emerging as a new area for both academia and industry. Lasers are already employed for building inter-satellite links, forming optical satellite networks. The orbiting nature of satellites determines that the optical satellite networks are usually uniformly distributed around the Earth, to provide seamless coverage to any place at all times. However, the end users on the Earth are non-uniformly distributed. As a result, many satellites with laser links might not be utilized efficiently. From the energy perspective, this work studies the energy-efficiency issues of the inter-satellite laser links. We first model the optical satellite networks by presenting the satellite constellation with inter-satellite laser design principles and introduce the laser ON/OFF control problem accordingly. To explore the possibility of saving energy in the massive satellite deployment, we further introduce the gravity-based network traffic model and propose a gravity-based network traffic abstraction (GNTA) model to evaluate the importance of each laser link. Accordingly, we further propose a GNTA-based ON/OFF control (GOOC) algorithm to improve the energy efficiency of inter-satellite laser links by switching OFF parts of the laser links that are less utilized. We evaluate the GOOC’s performance using simulation, and results show that switching OFF 20% of the laser terminals in the full-gridmesh topology can improve the energy efficiency by about 10%, with an acceptable cost of network performance degradation.
Nonreciprocal reflection based on asymmetric graphene metasurfaces
Authors: Chen Jintao , Zou Wei , Hong Lujun , Chen Jing , Tang Rongxin , Shen Yun , Guo Tianjing , Lei Jiangtao , Deng Xiaohua
Published: October 2023

We propose a scheme to achieve controllable nonreciprocal behavior in asymmetric graphene metasurfaces composed of a continuous graphene sheet and a poly crystalline silicon slab with periodic grooves of varying depths on each side. The proposed structure exhibits completely asymmetric reflection in opposite directions in the near-infrared range, which is attributed to the pronounced structural asymmetry and its accompanying nonlinear effects. The obtained nonreciprocal reflection ratio, reaching an impressive value of 21.27 dB, combined with a minimal insertion loss of just -0.76 dB, highlights the remarkable level of nonreciprocal efficiency achieved by this design compared to others in its category. More importantly, the proposed design can achieve dynamic tunability by controlling the incident field intensity and the graphene Fermi level. Our design highlights a potential means for creating miniaturized and integratable nonreciprocal optical components in reflection mode, which can promote the development of the integrated isolators, optical logic circuits, and bias-free nonreciprocal photonics.
Relativistic-guided stable mode of few-cycle 20 µm level infrared radiation
Authors: Si Meiyu , Huang Yongsheng , Ruan Manqi , Shen Baifei , Xu Zhangli , Yu Tongpu , Wang Xiongfei , Chen Yuan
Published: October 2023

The generation of intense infrared radiation with a wavelength greater than 10 µm is limited by the optical materials in traditional methods or the laser-plasma parameters of plasma-bubble methods. In this study, we propose a new method for generating an intense longitudinal radiation field of tens of GV/m. By utilizing the oscillations of the electron film on the inner surface of the micro-tube, excited by the relativistic electron beam propagating within it, it is possible to obtain tunable long-wavelength few-cycle infrared radiation, ranging from 20 to 30 µm and even longer. The radiation source is guided entirely by a relativistic electron beam and formed a stable TM propagation mode in the micro-tube. This opens up new opportunities for applications of the relativistic intensity infrared radiation to high-field physics, shorter attosecond pulses generation and charged particle acceleration.
Soliton rain in all-polarization-maintaining mode locked fiber laser
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Li Keyi , Wang Zhenhao , Li Zhuobiao , Zhang Xiao , Wang Jiachen , Jiang Shoulin , Jin Wei , Ruan Shuangchen
Published: October 2023

For the first time the phenomenon of soliton rain is observed in a mode-locked fiber laser with all-polarization-maintaining (all-PM) architecture. The laser is mode-locked using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) and operates in the all-normal dispersion (ANDi) regime. The operation state of the laser can be switched from dissipative soliton to soliton rain by simply raising the pump power, without any manipulation of the intracavity polarization state given that all components of the resonator are made of PM fibers. The soliton rain generated in the laser is self-starting and replicable, since it occurs in every individual operation of the laser as the pump power is increased to an approximately invariant value.
Fully reconfigurable MEMS-based second-order coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) with ultra-low tuning energy
Authors: Lim Min G. , Park Young J. , Choi Dong J. , Kim Dong U. , Hong Myung S. , Her Man J. , Takabayashi Alain Y. , Jeong Youngjae , Park Jongwoo , Han Seungjun , Quack Niels , Bae Youngseok , Yu Kyoungsik , Han Sangyoon
Published: October 2023

Integrated microring resonators are well suited for wavelength-filtering applications in optical signal processing, and cascaded microring resonators allow flexible filter design in coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) configurations. However, the implementation of high-order cascaded microring resonators with high extinction ratios (ERs) remains challenging owing to stringent fabrication requirements and the need for precise resonator tunability. We present a fully integrated on-chip second-order CROW filter using silicon photonic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) to adjust tunable directional couplers and a phase shifter using nanoscale mechanical out-of-plane waveguide displacement. The filter can be fully reconfigured with regard to both the ER and center wavelength. We experimentally demonstrated an ER exceeding 25 dB and continuous wavelength tuning across the full free spectral range of 0.123 nm for single microring resonator, and showed reconfigurability in second-order CROW by tuning the ER and resonant wavelength. The tuning energy for an individual silicon photonic MEMS phase shifter or tunable coupler is less than 22 pJ with sub-microwatt static power consumption, which is far better than conventional integrated phase shifters based on other physical modulation mechanisms.
Investigation of highly reflective p-electrodes for AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes
Authors: Ding Yu , Zhou Shenhui , Zhuang Zhe , Sang Yimeng , Yu Junchi , Xu Feifan , Huang Jinpeng , Xu Weizong , Tao Tao , Zhi Ting , Lu Hai , Huang Kai , Zhang Rong , Liu Bin
Published: October 2023

We proposed a “Ni sacrifice” method to fabricate Al-based highly reflective p-electrode in the ultraviolet spectral region for AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs). The “Ni sacrifice” p-electrode could have a high optical reflectivity of around 90% at the DUV spectral region below 300 nm. Compared to Ni/Au, indium tin oxide (ITO), and Pd p-contacts, the “Ni sacrifice” led to a higher resistivity of p-contacts and a slightly higher operated voltage of the DUV-LEDs (within 0.6 V at 20 mA). Although the electrical performance was degraded slightly, the light output power and external quantum efficiency of the DUV-LEDs could be improved by utilizing the “Ni sacrifice” p-electrode. Besides, we introduced a grid of vias in the device mesa and reduced the diameter of the vias to achieve an enhanced peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 1.73%. And the wall-plug efficiency (WPE) of DUV-LEDs with a “Ni sacrifice” p-electrode was higher than that of Ni/Au p-electrode DUV-LEDs at low currents. These results highlight the great potential of the proposed “Ni sacrifice” reflective p-electrode for use in DUV-LEDs.
The role of problem-solving skills in the prevention of suicidal behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Darvishi Nahid , Farhadi Mehran , Azmi-Naei Bita , Poorolajal Jalal
Published: October 2023

Background

This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors and elucidate the potential role of problem-solving skills in influencing the occurrence of suicidal behaviors.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until August 16, 2023. Studies addressing the associations between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors were included. The I2 statistics were used to examine between-study heterogeneity. The Begg and Egger tests were used to determine the possibility of publication bias. Using a random-effects model, the overall effect size was presented as an odds ratio (OR) or standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Of 8040 identified studies, 29 (including 974,542 participants) were eligible. Based on observational studies, problem-solving skills were found to be inversely related to suicidal ideation (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.82); suicide attempts (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89), and suicide death (OR = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03). The overall score of problem-solving skills was higher in those who did not attempt suicide than those who did (SMD = 0.84; 95% CI: 54, 1.13). Based on randomized clinical trials, problem-solving therapy was found to reduce the risk of suicide (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.87). Furthermore, the overall risk of suicide was lower among those who received problem-solving therapy than those who did not (SMD = -0.02; 95% CI: -0.29, 0.25).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis revealed an inverse association between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors. However, further research is needed to better understand the complex relationship between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors.
Mediated mythical discourses: A critical analysis of the female docility and religious discourses in Indian TV soap operas
Authors: Laskar Kaifia Ancer
Published: October 2023

Media representations have the power to evoke and circulate meanings about a dominant favoured ideology. Like films, television soap operas too may become the sites of hetero-patriarchal representation. This article foregrounds the visual and textual tropes applied to coerce the audience into accepting patriarchal gender roles in the disguise of religious discourse. Using critical discourse analysis of three select Hindi soap operas Saath Nibhana Sathiya, Choti Bahu and Bade Achche Lagte Hai, this article flags the use of religious motifs as disciplining strategies of patriarchy. The resort-seeking behaviour of the female protagonists towards the male Hindu deity for the resolution of crisis becomes a marker of sexism. Furthermore, this one-dimensional representation of a multicultural and multireligious Indian society in these Hindi soap operas has evolved them into Hindu Socials with their dominant tropes of Hinduness within the storyline, rituals, melodrama and misogynism.
Migraña vestibular en la infancia. Una actualización
Authors: Sandoval-Pacheco Vilma , Lourido-Piedrahita Diana , San Román-Carbajo Jesús
Published: October 2023

Introducción y objetivo: La asociación de síntomas vestibulares en los pacientes con migraña es más frecuente que en la población general. En la infancia, una de las causas de mareo más habituales, es la migraña vestibular, que por su variedad de síntomas es por lo general objeto de estudio de especialidades varias. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica que nos permita familiarizarnos con dicha patología. Método: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los artículos publicados en las principales bases de datos, seleccionando los artículos de mayor relevancia según tipo de estudio y año de publicación. Resultados: La migraña vestibular es un diagnóstico para considerar en la evaluación del paciente pediátrico, dada su prevalencia y el espectro de diagnósticos diferenciales a los que pertenece. Discusión: La migraña vestibular en la infancia tiene una prevalencia desconocida y se define por la aparición de cefalea de características migrañosas, acompañado de síntomas vestibulares asociados, antes, durante o después de la crisis de migraña. Su diagnóstico se realiza mediante los nuevos criterios diagnósticos publicados por la ICVD (International Classification of Vestibular Disorders) en 2021 y no requiere de pruebas complementarias para su diagnóstico. Hasta el momento, no tiene un tratamiento específico, y el existente se basa en el control de los síntomas de la crisis de migraña. Conclusiones: Una de las causas más frecuentes de mareo en niños, es la migraña vestibular, la que, a partir de 2021, cuenta con unos criterios diagnósticos propios, junto a un espectro de enfermedades con las que debe hacerse un diagnóstico diferencial. A pesar de los estudios realizados, no se cuenta con un tratamiento estandarizado para esta patología.
Green One-Pot Pseudo-Four Component Synthesis of Substituted 5-Cyano-2-imino-4-aryl/ heteroaryl-6-(phenylthio)-2H-pyran-3-carboxylic Acid Catalyzed by Montmorillonite K-10 Clay
Authors: Sharma P. , Sinha P.
Published: October 2023

A synthetic method of substituted 5-cyano-2-imino-4-aryl/heteroaryl-6-(phenylthio)-2H-pyran-3-carboxylic acid (4a-d) using Montmorillonite K-10 clay as catalyst was developed via one-pot pseudo-four-component reaction. Various aldehydes and thiophenols exhibit swift reactivity with cyanoacetic acid, resulting in satisfactory to exceptional yields (ranging from 70% to 90%) within an exceptionally short reaction duration of 0.75 to 1.5 h. The structural characterization of the synthesized compounds was conducted through IR, 1H, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. Safer technique, simple work-up as well as reusability of the catalyst for two runs are the characteristic features of this method. This multicomponent one-pot reaction approach demonstrates a straightforward synthetic strategy for the formation of two novel C-C bonds, one C-S bond, one C-O bond, and the formation of a new ring structure. Additionally, this reaction exhibits high efficiency as all the reactants are completely utilized.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cresol based Benzoxazine–Polyurethane Copolymer for Anti-corrosion Performance of Mild Steel
Authors: Usha C. , Sivaraju M. , Shanmugasundaram P.
Published: October 2023

The cresol based polymeric materials were synthesized by using benzoxazine and polyurethanes as copolymer. Three copolymers were synthesized by varying the quantity of polyurethane content and studied their corrosion inhibition properties. The synthesized monomer, which has cresol as the center core was characterized by the NMR, FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopic methods. All the obtained benzoxazine polymers were also analyzed by the FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy. In relation to corrosion inhibition studies, Tafel and impedance experiments were conducted, revealing that benzoxazine-polymer with a higher polyurethane content has improved anti-corrosive characteristics. Additionally, the physical properties of the materials were also studied such as water absorption and gel content studies. Furthermore, the density functional theory calculation was also carried out for the monomer, which explores the better results that are matched with the other experimental studies.