bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biosurfactant derived from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus exhibits broad-spectrum antibiofilm activity and inhibits the quorum sensing-regulated virulence
Authors: Adnan Mohd , Siddiqui Arif Jamal , Noumi Emira , Ashraf Syed Amir , Awadelkareem Amir Mahgoub , Hadi Sibte , Snoussi Mejdi , Badraoui Riadh , Bardakci Fevzi , Sachidanandan Manojkumar , Patel Mitesh
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial resistance by pathogenic bacteria has become a global risk to human health in recent years. The most promising approach to combating antimicrobial resistance is to target virulent traits of bacteria. In the present study, a biosurfactant derived from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) was tested against three Gram-negative bacteria to evaluate its inhibitory potential on their biofilms, and whether it affected the virulence factors controlled by quorum sensing (QS). A reduction in the virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum (violacein production), Serratia marcescens (prodigiosin production) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pyocyanin, total protease, LasB elastase and LasA protease production) was observed at different sub-MIC concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. Biofilm development was reduced by 65.76%, 70.64% and 58.12% at the highest sub-MIC levels for C. violaceum, P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens, respectively. Biofilm formation on glass surfaces exhibited significant reduction, with less bacterial aggregation and reduced formation of extracellular polymeric materials. Additionally, swimming motility and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production were shown to be reduced in the presence of the L. acidophilus-derived biosurfactant. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis performed on compounds identified through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of QS and biofilm proteins yielded further insights into the mechanism underlying the anti-QS activity. Therefore, the present study has clearly demonstrated that a biosurfactant derived from L. acidophilus can significantly inhibit virulence factors of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. This could provide an effective method to inhibit the formation of biofilms and QS in Gram-negative bacteria.
Una imagen en blanco. Percepción y tiempo en la fotografía de Hiroshi Sugimoto.
Authors: Jiménez-Donaire Martínez Salvador
Published: July 2023

La obra de Hiroshi Sugimoto abarca más de cuatro décadas y el artista japonés se ha convertido en uno de los creadores más aclamados de su generación. Su práctica artística se cimienta sobre nociones como el tiempo, la memoria o la transitoriedad. En este texto examinamos las series Theaters y Seascapes, dos de los proyectos más celebrados del artista, en los que Sugimoto ofrece un registro visual de la duración. Con un enfoque conceptual y a través de una metodología paciente, basada en largos tiempos de exposición y un meticuloso proceso de revelado analógico, Sugimoto levanta cuestiones radicales en torno al binomio tiempo-fotografía. En el presente texto analizaremos cómo las estrategias de ralentización y dilación propuestas por Sugimoto alteran nuestra percepción y experiencia temporal. Para ello, revisaremos los vínculos de su trabajo con teorías sobre el Slow Art, categoría artística propuesta por Arden Reed, y nos acercaremos, de la mano de Juan Martín Prada, a la obra de Sugimoto en clave de contraimagen para demostrar que su fotografía nos brinda, destilada, una oportunidad para la contemplación y el descanso perceptivo: una imagen-tiempo.
Improving the model of payment for medical care for chronic viral hepatitis C in the framework of the implementation of the Program of State Guarantees of Free Provision of Medical Care to Citizens for 2023 and for the planned period of 2024–2025
Authors: Omelyanovskiy V. V. , Zheleznyakova I. A. , Zuev A. V. , Plakhotnik O. S. , Volkova O. A. , Davydova L. M. , Trifonova G. V. , Semakova E. V. , Prokhorovich E. A. , Volkova A. S.
Published: July 2023

Background. In 2021, new clinical guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in adults were published that did not contain interferon drug therapy regimens. Current therapy of chronic HCV is based on modern drugs of direct-acting antivirals (DAA). In this regard, the model of diagnosis-related groups (DRG) with the use of interferon-containing drugs as etiotropic therapy, which has been in effect until now, has lost its relevance and cannot be used to pay for cases of medical care for chronic HCV within the framework of the Program of State Guarantees of Free Medical Care to Citizens for 2023 and for the planning period of 2024–2025 (PSG). Objective: to improve the DRG model to pay for medical care for chronic HCV in a day hospital based on current clinical recommendations.

Material and methods. Regulatory legal documents on the subject of the study, proposals and expert opinions of specialists, as well as feedback from public organizations, including patients, regarding the payment of medical care for chronic HCV, sent as part of a public discussion of the draft PSG, were studied. For the calculations were used: the current version of the clinical recommendations "Chronic viral hepatitis C"; impersonal personalized information of the database of registers of bills for payment for medical care for 2020–2021; the state register of manufacturers' maximum selling prices for medicines included in the list of vital and essential drugs.

Results. A DRG model was developed to pay for medical care during drug therapy of chronic HCV, including for children. When calculating the model, the cost of medicines, patient days and the principles of accounting for the duration of hospitalization were updated.

Conclusion. The developed DRG model to pay for medical care for chronic HCV in a day hospital with the use of drug therapy regimens with DAA recommended by clinical guidelines, including for children with HCV, contributes to improving the effectiveness of the system of payment for medical care provided as part of the implementation of the PSG and accessibility of medical care for this contingent of patients.
Comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of follitropin delta application for superovulation induction during artificial insemination
Authors: Krysanov I. S. , Krysanova V. S. , Ermakova V. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Objective: to conduct a comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of using follitropin delta for controlled ovarian stimulation in adult women to induce the growth of multiple follicles during cycles of assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs – in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Material and methods. The available literature was searched for data on clinical effectiveness and safety of follitropin delta and follitropin alfa. Two large studies were found – ESTHER-1 and ESTHER-2 as well as their combined analysis, based on which a decision tree model was built. Considering the presence of a significant difference between safety profile of analyzed follitropins (the frequency of preventive medical interventions in relation to the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)), the cost-effectiveness analysis was used. The cost analysis included only direct medical costs: drugs (treated separately), ART program cycle, relief of complications. As part of the budget impact analysis (BIA), several options for managing patients with infertility were considered: current practice (in 100% of cases, the use of follitropin alfa), simulated practice (transfer of 50% of patients to follitropin delta). Time horizon was IVF/ICSI cycle 1 within ART program for cost-effectiveness analysis, and 1 year for BIA. Results. Despite the fact that the use of follitropin delta is associated with a higher level of drug costs compared to follitropin alfa, the costs of IVF/ICSI cycles within ART programs and the relief of complications are lower with the use of follitropin delta. The total costs for the Cycle 1 amounted to 132,123.99 rubles with the use of follitropin delta, and 133,392.19 rubles with the use of follitropin alfa. The total costs for three cycles were 200,952.17 rubles with the use of follitropin delta, and 204,296.62 rubles with the use of follitropin alfa (2% difference). The costs per 1 case of no medical interventions due to OHSS for follitropin delta amounted to 135,234.38 rubles, which is 3.2% less compared to the same indicator for follitropin alfa (139,677.69 rubles). BIA demonstrated that the use of follitropin delta will reduce the economic burden on the healthcare system by 49.5 million rubles within 1 year.

Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the use of follitropin delta individual dosing regimen for controlled ovarian stimulation in adult patients as part of IVF/ICSI cycles within ART programs is effective and economically justified approach to organizing medical care for adult patients with infertility in Russia.
Caregiving Burden in Family Caregivers Of Patients With Schizophrenia Post-Pasung in Jember
Authors: Mata Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih , Kusumastuti Inke , Astuti Ida Sri Surani Wiji , Rachmania Sheilla
Published: July 2023

Pasung (restrain) towards people with schizophrenia has yet to recede from being a complex problem in Jember, East Java. One of many aspects of pasung that has not been widely studied is the caregiving burden in the post-pasung period. This research aimed to comprehend the meaning-making of the caregiving phenomenon as experienced by the families of people with schizophrenia during the patients’ post-pasung period in Jember. This research utilizing the interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) recruited 11 participants (7 caregivers of people with schizophrenia and 4 community mental health nurses) who were purposively sampled and underwent semistructured interviews from November to December 2019. Two themes emerged in this study namely the experience of the post-pasung caregivers and triangulation with the community mental health nurses which consisted of 8 and 3 subthemes, respectively. Post-pasung caregiving burden experienced by families in this study consisted of subjective, objective, and iatrogenic burdens. Compared with the pasung period, the burden was lighter both for objective and subjective caregiving burden. The most dominating burden is the subjective burdens including apprehensiveness, stigma from the family and the society, and advice from external parties that were against the process of recovery and the objective burden came in the form of the caregiver’s significant health problems. Caregivers made various efforts supported by the provision of accessible and holistic health services as well as interdisciplinary coordination to ease the burden. This study indicates the diversity of the caregiving burden of post-pasung people with schizophrenia. This diversity suggests that interventions aimed at lightening the burden should be carefully selected based on the actual needs of the caregivers.

Keywords : caregiving burden, caregivers, pasung, schizophrenia
Linear and nonlinear integral functional on the space of continuous vector functions
Authors: Alves Manuel J. , Alves Elena V. , Munembe Joao S.P. , Nepomnyashchikh Yury V.
Published: July 2023

The present article is devoted to the study of a nonlinear integral functional of the form F(u)=∫_Ω▒〖f(s,u(s))ds〗, where Ω is a closed bounded set in R^n, and the generating function f:Ω×X→R (where X is real separable Banach space) satisfies Carath.eodory conditions.
We study the action and boundedness of the functional F on the space C(X) of continuous vector functions u:Ω→X and on the space L_1 (X) of essentially bounded vector functions (with natural norms).
The main results of the article are: 1) the equivalence of the action and boundedness of the functional F on the spaces C(X) and L_1 (X); 2) equivalence, for these spaces, of the numerical characteristic of the functional in the form of the supremum of the norm of the functional values on a closed ball; 3) expressing this numerical characteristic in terms of the function f that generates the functional.
Moreover, to extend the properties of the functional from C(X) to L_1 (X), we essentially use the results of I.V. Shragin on the study of the Nemytskii operator and its generating function, as well as his ideas and methods based on the consistent proof of special auxiliary statements that use, in particular, continuous and measurable choice theorems.
The results thus obtained for the functional F are specified for the case of a linear integral functional on spaces of Banach-valued functions (when f(s,x)=a(s)[x] for some function a:Ω→X^*), and in particular, it is established that the norm of this functional on the spaces C(X) and L_1 (X) is equal to ∫_Ω ‖a(s)‖_(〖X 〗^* ) ds.
Insights from leaders on effectively addressing overweight and obesity in the Thai community
Authors: Piyakong Duangporn , Apiratanawong Sangduan , Suasing Chanikan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Effective management of health care system at the district level through an important health project can improve health and quality of life of people in the district. Key factors to drive a successful project are important. The purpose of this study was to explore perspectives of leaders managing the health care system at a district level on improving health problems of people in a community through a project according to preventing and solving overweight and obesity issues.

Methods: The participants of this qualitative study consisted of nine district health board committees, ten members of the district health system startup team and twenty-four village health system managers. Data was collected by using focus group interviews, observation and documents analysis, also analyzing data by summarizing and categorizing the data of main points.

Results: The study results indicated that managing successful health problems at the district level needed: 1) creating clear and equal understanding, 2) having precious community capital and 4) integrating effective incentives for people in the community.

Conclusion: The findings of the study can be used as a guideline for managing the health care system in a district level through a project for the development of health issues and the quality of life among people in a community. This successful health system management might be able to help develop the sustainability of public health care at the district level.
Anatomic Assessment of L1-S1 Neuroforaminal Dimensions Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Harianja Gideon , Razzouk Jacob , Lindsey Wyatt , Urbina Bryan , Cabrera Andrew , Thomas Luke , Bouterse Alex , Wycliffe Nathaniel , Cheng Wayne , Danisa Olumide
Published: July 2023

Background:

Although the radiographic parameters for diagnosing central lumbar canal stenosis are well described, parameters for the diagnosis of neuroforaminal stenosis (NFS) are less well defined. Previous studies have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiography to describe neuroforaminal dimensions (NFDs). Those methods, however, have limitations that may substantially distort measurements. Existing literature on the use of computed tomography (CT) to investigate normal NFDs is limited.

Methods:

This anatomic assessment evaluated CT imaging of 300 female and 300 male subjects between 18 and 35 years of age to determine normal NFDs, specifically the sagittal anteroposterior width, axial anteroposterior width, craniocaudal height, and area. Statistical analyses were performed to assess differences in NFDs according to variables including sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, and ethnicity.

Results:

Overall, mean NFDs were 9.08 mm for sagittal anteroposterior width, 8.93 mm for axial anteroposterior width, 17.46 mm for craniocaudal height, and 134.78 mm2 for area (n = 6,000 measurements each). Male subjects had larger NFDs than females at multiple levels. Both Caucasian and Asian subjects had larger NFDs than African-American subjects at multiple levels. There were no associations between foraminal dimensions and anthropometric factors.

Conclusions:

This study describes CT-based L1-S1 NFDs in young, healthy patients who presented with reasons other than back pain or pathology affecting the neuroforamen. Dimensions were influenced by sex and ethnicity but were not influenced by anthropometric factors.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Women’s experiences of the indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in high-income countries: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Tan Annie , Blair Amanda , Homer Caroline SE. , Digby Robin , Vogel Joshua P. , Bucknall Tracey
Published: July 2023

Background
Pregnant and postpartum women’s experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the impact of COVID-19 on perinatal health, has been well-documented across high-income countries. Increased anxiety and fear, isolation, as well as a disrupted pregnancy and postnatal period are widely described in many studies. The aim of this study was to explore, describe and synthesise studies that addressed the experiences of pregnant and postpartum women in high-income countries during the first two years of the pandemic.
Methods
A qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) was undertaken. Five electronic databases were searched from January 2020 – January 2022. Primary qualitative studies of women’s experiences during the pandemic were included. Two independent reviewers extracted the data using a thematic synthesis approach and NVivo 20 software. The GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) was used to assess confidence in review findings.
Results
Sixty-eight studies were eligible and subjected to a sampling framework to ensure data richness. In total, 36 sampled studies contributed to the development of themes, sub-themes and review findings. There were six over-arching themes: (1) dealing with public health restrictions; (2) navigating changing health policies; (3) adapting to alternative ways of receiving social support; (4) dealing with impacts on their own mental health; (5) managing the new and changing information; and (6) being resilient and optimistic. Seventeen review findings were developed under these themes with high to moderate confidence according to the GRADE-CERQual assessment.
Conclusions
This review has provided a cohesive and transparent documentation of pregnant and postpartum women’s experiences during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings from the QES offer different strategies for practice and policy makers to better support women, babies and their families in future emergency responses.
Study on crystal structure, thermal property, and nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation times of organic-inorganic hybrid [NH 3 (CH 2 ) 6 NH 3 ]ZnCl 4
Authors: Lim Ae Ran , Kim Sun Ha
Published: July 2023

Organic-inorganic hybrid compounds have recently gained significant attention in recent years due to their diverse applications. Herein, [NH3(CH2)6NH3]ZnCl4 crystals were grown, and their triclinic structure, phase transition temperature (TC = 408 K), and high thermal stability (Td =584 K) was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry measurements. By analyzing the chemical in response to temperature changes, we observed that the coordination geometry around 1H and 13C were highly symmetric below TC, whereas their symmetry was lowered above TC. The change of N‒H∙∙∙Cl hydrogen bond from XRD results and the change of 14N NMR chemical shifts was due to the changes to the coordination geometry of Cl around Zn2+ in the ZnCl4 anion. The activation energy of 1H was three times greater than that of 13C, and this result indicates that the energy transfer of 13C was easier than those of 1H. We compared the results for [NH3(CH2)nNH3]ZnCl4 (n=6) studied here with those for n=2, 3, 4, and 5 obtained from previous studies. The characteristics of the length of CH2 and even–odd number of carbons in the methylene chain are expected to be used for potential applications in the near future.
Prospective evaluation of cardiovascular risk and mortality in patients with psoriasis: A population-base study
Authors: Chen Qitao , Kan Junyan , Tao Qiuwei , Wu Lida , Wang Dongchen , Jiang Zihao , Du Xufeng , Gu Yue , Gu Yong , Chen Shaoliang
Published: July 2023

Background
The association between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has long been discussed and continually refined. However, there is currently a lack of prospective studies on the cardiovascular risk attributed to psoriasis in the general population.
Methods
Representative adult participants were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Risks of cardiovascular symptoms and diseases prevalence were evaluated between participants with and without psoriasis. The hazards for all-cause mortality and CVD mortality were stratified by psoriasis status. Mediation analysis was then conducted to identify potential mediators between psoriasis and cardiac death.
Results
Overall, 19,741 participants were included in the current study, 542 (2.7%) had psoriasis and 19,199 (97.3%) did not have psoriasis. After adjusting for known CVD risk factors, odds for hypertension (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.66, p= 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.64, p < 0.001) and angina pectoris (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.11-2.60, p = 0.011) were higher in psoriasis patients. Compared with participants without psoriasis, moderate/severe but not mild patients showed significantly higher CVD mortality (HR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.27-5.15, p = 0.009). This result was supported by subgroup analyses. Mediation analysis further suggested that the direct effect of moderate/severe psoriasis on CVD mortality accounted for 81.4% (65.8%-97.1%). Besides, the indirect effect might derive from disturbance of serum albumin, urea nitrogen and uric acid.
Conclusions
Moderate-to-severe psoriasis is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, making it necessary to regularly conduct cardiovascular disease-related examinations for patients with higher severity of psoriasis in clinical settings.
Association of gestational weeks, initial maternal perception of fetal movement, and individual interoceptive differences
Authors: Furusho Miku , Noda Minami , Sato Yoko , Suetsugu Yoshiko , Morokuma Seiichi
Published: July 2023

The gestational week when the mother first becomes aware of fetal movement varies with unknown factors causing them. Interoception refers to the conscious awareness of homeostasis in the body. Considering that awareness of fetal movement is a part of interoception in pregnant women, the variation in the timing of initial detection of fetal movement may reflect individual interoceptive differences. This study aimed to clarify the association between the gestational week at the first awareness of fetal movements and interoception in pregnant women. We found a significant association between the gestational week at the first fetal movement awareness and interoception as measured by performing the heartbeat counting task.
Comparison of the degree of patient satisfaction between transoral thyroidectomy and open thyroidectomy: A survey-based study
Authors: Lee Jun Sung , Oh Jooyoung , Bae Jayyoung , Lee Jin Seok , Yun Hyeok Jun , Kim Seok-Mo , Chang Hojin , Lee Yong Sang , Song Yong , Chang Hang-Seok
Published: July 2023

Recent advances in thyroid surgery techniqueshave increased the number of patients undergoing transoral thyroidectomy, and many patients are concerned about the post-thyroidectomy cosmetic effects. This study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022 at Gangnam Severance Hospital (Seoul, South Korea), a tertiary hospital; a total of 91 patients underwent transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy (TOET) or open thyroidectomy performed by a single surgeon. Before and after surgery, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, 15-Item Quality of Recovery, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist surveys were administered. The survey results of the patients who underwent TOET and those who underwent open thyroidectomy were compared to determine the differences. Patients with insufficient survey data were excluded. Only the HADS-Depression survey scores differed significantlybetween the TOET and open thyroidectomy groups and were 4.22±0.781 and 5.52±0.84, respectively (p=.039). Multivariable analysis, adjusted for age and weight differences between the conventional and TOET groups, revealed no differences in any of the survey scores, including the HADS-Depression scores. No differences were observed in the survey scores between the TOET and open thyroidectomy groups. Thus, subjective postoperative stress about pain and the degree of recovery after surgery were similar between the two groups.
Industry profit under network externalities
Authors: Basak Debasmita
Published: July 2023

The conventional textbook knowledge suggests that the industry profit decreases with the number of firms. We, however, show that in the presence of network externalities, industry profit may increase with the number of firms irrespective of whether the firms compete in quantities or prices.
JEL Classification: D43; L13; L14
3-N-Butylphthalide Attenuates the Neuroinflammation in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Models via the cGas/STING Pathway
Authors: Liu Yuqian , Duan Ruonan , Li Peizheng , Zhang Bohan , Liu Yiming
Published: July 2023

Abstrat
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in Parkinson’s disease(PD) and contribute to the onset and progression of degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.NBP is a widly used durg in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease,and recent studies shows that NBP can also inhibit ROS production,alleviate mitochondrial impairment in various PD models. Mitochondrial dysfunction,which may lead to mtDNA release,can activate the cGas/STING pathway and then induce an inflammatory cascade.Therefore,we put forward a hypothesis that NBP can protect PD by inhibiting the cGas/Sting pathway and inflammatory response of microglia.In the present study,we used rotenone induced BV2 cells and mice models.Our results shows the STING inhibitor,C-176,could reduce the rotenone induced inflammation in BV2 cells,indicating that the cGas/Sting pathway contributes to the inflammatory response in microglia.In addition,NBP can inhibit mitochondrial DNA leakage and activation of cGas/STING pathway,subsequently reduce the overactivation of microglia and the pruduction of proinflammatory factors in rotenone induced BV2 cells and PD mice.This study demonstrats that NBP can exert protective effect in PD through the downregulation of the cGas/STING signaling.This study will provide a novel insight into the potential role of NBP in PD therapy.
CAMINO HACIA LA INCLUSIÓN EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: VOCES DEL PROFESORADO
Authors: Márquez Cabellos Norma Guadalupe , Ramos Ramírez Briseda Noemí
Published: July 2023

El presente estudio analiza la percepción del profesorado de una universidad pública de México, en el proceso de inclusión educativa de estudiantes de educación media superior y superior, con discapacidad y/o con neurodiversidad. Se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa de corte descriptivo, basada en una encuesta semiestructurada. Los resultados destacan acciones que facilitan la inclusión como: adecuaciones arquitectónicas, apoyos de tecnología adaptada, orientación y asesoría. Sin embargo, también se identifican barreras que limitan el aprendizaje y la participación, centradas en la formación, orientación y actualización del personal docente, así como actitudes poco favorecedoras de la comunidad universitaria hacia el estudiantado con discapacidad y/o con neurodiversidad. Se concluye que la educación inclusiva es el principal reto de las Instituciones de Educación Media Superior y Superior, para garantizar no solo el acceso, permanencia y el egreso; sino la calidad, equidad e igualdad educativa como derecho constitucional de cualquier persona.
Design and Improvement of Caesar Cipher
Authors: Savla Dhairya , Rautela Prof. Ruchi
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Cyber security is the application of technologies, processes and controls to guard systems, networks, programs, devices and data from cyber-attacks. Cryptology is the study of securing Computer systems that allow only sender and receiver to read it.Cryptology comes from Greek word ‘Kryptos’ which means ‘hidden’ and ‘logos’ means ‘to study of’. Even though security is important, numerous applications have been created without considering fundamental points of data security that is confidentiality, authentication, and availability. As we depend more on the internet, security issues and problems will also increase. To prevent alteration or access of data by unauthorized persons, cryptography is required. A methodology is proposed to increase the efficiency of the Caesar cipher which is the simplest cipher. This research introduces a new hybrid secure Caesar cipher by combining the three most important Ciphers (Caesar Cipher, Vigenère Cipher, Polybius Cipher) and Diffie-Hellman technique This hybrid encryption cipher provides better security as compared to normal Caesar ciphers.
School Climate and Well-being of Secondary Vocational Students in China: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Gao Shuyan , Meng Wei Jie
Published: July 2023

To explore the impact mechanism of school climate on the well-being of secondary vocational students in China, we surveyed 1,427 secondary vocational students using the School Climate Scale, the PERMA-Profiler, the Chinese Positive Psychological Quality Scale for Primary and Secondary
School Students, and the Parenting Styles Scale. The results showed that school climate, students' positive psychological quality, and well-being were all significantly and positively correlated with each other. Students' positive psychological quality partially mediated the relationship between
school climate and their well-being. A positive parenting style moderated the relationship between positive psychological quality and well-being. The findings enhance understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between school climate and well-being among secondary vocational
students.
The Effects of Narcissistic Admiration and Narcissistic Rivalry on Conspicuous Consumption
Authors: Li Zhaochunqiu
Published: July 2023

Using the two-dimensional conceptualization and process model of narcissism, the process model of narcissistic status pursuit, and high-cost value signaling theory, I explored the effects and mechanisms of narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry on conspicuous consumption.
A simulated consumption amount allocation task was completed by 324 participants. Results showed that narcissistic admiration was directly associated with conspicuous consumption, whereas narcissistic rivalry had no significant direct association with conspicuous consumption. Both narcissistic
admiration and narcissistic rivalry reduced conspicuous consumption by increasing the level of prestige, and promoted conspicuous consumption by increasing individual dominance; however, the effect of narcissistic admiration on prestige was stronger than that of narcissistic rivalry, and the
effect of narcissistic rivalry on dominance was stronger than that of narcissistic admiration. Both narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry promoted conspicuous consumption through the chain mediating effect of dominance and status-seeking motivation.
The Sacred and The Secular in Dance: One Dance, Two Different Functions
Authors: Filippidou Eleni
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to highlight the "sacred" and "secular" character of the Xesyrtos or Gikna dance in the community of Asvestades in Thrace in Greece. In particular, this paper intends to highlight the difference between the "sacred" and the "secular" and the way this dichotomy is reflected in the dance under study. Data was gathered through the ethnographic method. The sacred/secular dichotomy, as proposed in Leach's (1976) theoretical model, is used to analyze the data. Further, Laban's notation system (Hutchinson, 2005; Koutsouba, 2005), was used to record the choreographic compositions of Xesyrtos or Gikna dance, while for the analysis of their structure and form, as well as their codification, the structural-morphological and typological method of analysis was applied. Finally, for the presentation and interpretation of the data, Geertz’s model of "thick description" (2003) was adopted. From the data analysis it was found that the Xesyrtos and Gikna dances are danced in exactly the same way, but are clearly separated and demarcated based on the intentions of the community residents related to the performed function of the dance event.
Escolares indígenas com deficiência no Brasil: uma análise a partir do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica (2010, 2015 e 2020)
Authors: De Sá Michele Aparecida , Adão Ribeiro Eduardo , Gomes Liduenha Gonçalves Taísa Grasiela
Published: July 2023

A articulação entre as áreas da educação especial e da educação escolar indígena é uma diretriz de política pública recente no Brasil, e, por esse motivo, torna-se fundamental investigar a escolarização de alunos indígenas com deficiência. Diante desse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um retrato da escolarização de alunos indígenas com deficiência no Brasil a partir da análise dos microdados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica nos anos de 2010, 2015 e 2020. As variáveis selecionadas foram do  banco de matrículas e de escolas, especificamente da localização diferenciada da escola (terra indígena), a região de localização da escola, a modalidade de ensino, o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), o tipo de deficiência ou Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e a disponibilidade de sala de recursos multifuncionais. Os dados apontam a ampliação das matrículas de escolares indígenas com deficiência ou TEA em todas as regiões brasileiras, no período analisado, sendo a deficiência intelectual prevalente entre os escolares indígenas; a modalidade ensino regular possui a maior parte das matrículas desses alunos e uma pequena parcela de alunos indígenas com deficiência ou TEA receberam atendimento educacional especializado. Diante desse contexto, aponta-se a necessidade da elaboração de políticas públicas sobre educação especial e a articulação com a educação escolar indígena e que considere as especificidades dos povos indígenas no que se refere às diversidades culturais.
Ending Famine In India. A Transnational History of Food Aid and Development, c. 1890-1950
Authors: Simonow Joanna
Published: July 2023

The task of ending famine in India was taken up by many at the beginning of the twentieth century. Only decades earlier, famine in India had been believed to be a necessary evil. Now it was the reason for the increasing activities of doctors, nutritionists, social reformers, agricultural experts, missionaries, anti-colonial activists and colonial administrators, all involved in temporary relief and finding permanent solutions to famine. The involvement of this panoply of historical actors places Indian famines in the centre of the converging histories of humanitarianism, development, nutrition and (anti-) colonialism. Tracing their activities renders such convergences visible and pushes the boundaries of the history of famines in South Asia beyond its common spatial and temporal frames. Ending Famine in India examines the tripartite relationship of India, Britain and the United States, linking the late-Victorian holocausts with the struggle for food security in the 1950s.
Taxonomic problems of some zonal species of the genus Palmatolepis and the correlation of the Frasnian of the East European Platform with conodont zonations
Authors: Ovnatanova Nonna S. , Kononova Lyudmila I.
Published: July 2023

Most of the Frasnian regional stages of the Ukhta region, South Timan, Russia, are composed of basinal deposits, however, the hassi and jamieae zones of the Standard Conodont Zonation cannot be easily recognised in this region. A revision of the previously elaborated succession of the Timan-Pechora associations revealed that the correlation problems are connected with the taxonomic interpretation of the zonal species Palmatolepis hassi and Palmatolepis jamieae. Analysis of the conodont collection of Professor W. Ziegler from the Rhenish Slate Mountains, Germany, especially from the interval encompassing the Lower hassi to Upper rhenana zones, has provided evidence of the lack of validity of the jamieae Zone as a separate stratigraphic unit. This statement is based on the composition of the jamieae and Lower rhenana conodont associations and the absence of P. jamieae near the lower boundary of the zone in the stratotype and other sections of the Rhenish Slate Mountains, becoming more common upsection. The correlation between the Timan-Pechora conodont associations III–XI, the Standard Conodont Zonation (Ziegler and Sandberg 1990) and the Frasnian Zonation (Klapper 1989; Klapper and Kirchgasser 2016) is suggested herein. The Domanikian Regional Stage corresponds to the punctata–Late hassi zones of the Standard Conodont Zonation and to Frasnian Zones 5–10. The boundaries of Frasnian Zones 8–9 need to be further specified in South Timan. The correlation between the Standard Conodont Zonation and the Frasnian Zonation of Klapper is elaborated.
Bashkirian Rugosa (Anthozoa) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine). Part 10. The Family Krynkaphyllidae fam. nov.
Authors: Fedorowski Jerzy
Published: July 2023

The known occurrence of corals distinguished here in the new Family Krynkaphyllidae varies at the subfamily level. Those of the Subfamily Krynkaphyllinae subfam. nov. are so far almost unknown from outside of the Donets Basin. In contrast, those of the Subfamily Colligophyllinae subfam. nov. are common, possibly ranging from the lower Viséan Dorlodotia Salée, 1920, a potential ancestor of the family, to the Artinskian Lytvophyllum tschernovi Soshkina, 1925. They bear different generic names, but were all originally described as fasciculate colonial. A detailed study of Lytvophyllum dobroljubovae Vassilyuk, 1960, the type species of Colligophyllum gen. nov., challenges that recognition in that at least some of those taxa are solitary and gregarious and/or protocolonial. As such, solitary, protocolonial and, probably, fasciculate colonial habits are accepted in the Colligophyllinae subfam. nov., whereas the Krynkaphyllinae subfam. nov. contains only solitary taxa. The resemblance to the Suborder Lonsdaleiina Spasskiy, 1974 led to the analysis of families included in that suborder by Hill (1981) in the context of their relationship, or homeomorphy, to Krynkaphyllidae fam. nov. This question primarily concerns the Family Petalaxidae Fomichev, 1953; a relationship with the Family Geyerophyllidae Minato, 1955, is more distant, if one exists. The distinct, parallel stratigraphic successions of taxa within two subfamilies of the Krynkaphyllidae fam. nov. document their probably common roots and early divergence. However, a lack of robust data precludes an interpretation or treatment of those successions as phylogenetic. The absence of key stratigraphic and morphologic data meant that eastern Asiatic taxa have not been considered in these successions; however, morphological similarities allow for their tentative inclusion within the Krynkaphyllidae fam. nov. The following new taxa are introduced: Krynkaphyllidae fam. nov., Krynkaphyllinae subfam. nov., Colligophyllinae subfam. nov., Krynkaphyllum gen. nov., Colligophyllum gen. nov., Protokionophyllum feninoense sp. nov., Krynkaphyllum multiplexum sp. nov., Krynkaphyllum validum sp. nov., and three species of Protokionophyllum Vassilyuk in Aizenverg et al., 1983 left in open nomenclature.
A putative Tournaisian and Visean volcanic-sedimentary succession in the Lublin Basin, SE Poland: depositional processes, petrological characteristics and sequence stratigraphy
Authors: Waksmundzka Maria I. , Kozłowska Aleksandra , Pańczyk Magdalena
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to establish the stratigraphic extent of a putative Tournaisian Stage within the Carboniferous succession in the Lublin Basin. The oldest part of the succession, known as the Huczwa Formation and comprising depositional sequences 1–4, was investigated based on lithofacies analysis, sequence stratigraphy and petrographic studies. The article provides descriptions of depositional sequences, parasequences (cyclothems) and lithofacies that were formed in a range of environments (elements of depositional architecture) and as a result of volcanic processes – lava and pyroclastic eruptions and chemical weathering of their products. Correlation of the sequence stratigraphy to the West European and global Carboniferous chronostratigraphic divisions, as well as to the Khoriv suite in the Lviv-Volyn Basin in adjacent Ukraine, indicates a putative late Tournaisian age for sequence 1, and a late Visean age for sequences 2–4. There is a stratigraphic gap between sequences 1 and 2, spanning probably the uppermost Tournaisian and the lower and middle Visean. The upper Tournaisian is represented by the FRST-LST deposits of sequence 1, comprising mainly volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones developed in braided-river channels and incised valleys with hyperconcentrated flow processes. These deposits are represented by polymictic paraconglomerate and lithic/sublithic/subarkose arenites or sublithic wackes, and contain predominantly grains of acidic and alkaline volcanic and igneous rocks. This material probably came from the Łuków-Wisznice Elevation and the Volynian Polesia region, located to the NE and E of the Lublin Basin. In the uppermost part of sequence 1, volcanic rocks and tuffs appear which developed during the activity of at least three volcanic cones in the Lublin Basin. The volcanoes were the source of alkaline lavas in the central and SW areas of the basin, and of acidic lavas in the SE area, previously undescribed. The Visean sequences 2–4 consist of the FRST-LST sediments deposited within incised valleys. The TST and HST deposits accumulated mainly in a shallow ramp-type carbonate shelf, shallow clayey shelf and deltaic environments.
On imperfectly known Hauterivian representatives of the families Holcodiscidae Spath, 1923 and Barremitidae Breskovski, 1977 in Butkov Quarry (Central Western Carpathians, Slovakia)
Authors: Vašíček Zdeněk , Klein Jaap
Published: July 2023

In Butkov Quarry, ammonites of the families Holcodiscidae Spath, 1923 and Barremitidae Breskovski, 1977 occur in the pelagic Lower Cretaceous pelagic deposits of the Manín Unit. This contribution discusses the taxonomy of both families and presents their distribution in the layered sequences of the quarry. The genus Spitidiscus Kilian, 1910 classified as a member of the Superfamily Perisphinctoidea Steinmann in Steinmann and Döderlein, 1890 is an important representative of the Holcodiscidae from a stratigraphic point of view. In areas where the zonal index Acanthodiscus radiatus (Bruguière, 1789) does not occur, as in Butkov Quarry, the first representatives of Spitidiscus indicate the base of the Hauterivian. The genus Plesiospitidiscus Breistroffer, 1947 was long regarded as a member of the Superfamily Desmoceratoidea Zittel, 1895. This superfamily was based on its type species, Eodesmoceras celestini (Pictet and Campiche, 1860), which is not Valanginian in age, as now clearly proven. As a consequence, this superfamily is considered invalid. Vermeulen and Lahondère (2011) proposed an alternative by selecting a suitable initial genus, namely Plesiospitidiscus, for the Family Barremitidae, Superfamily Barremitoidea Breskovski, 1977 ( nom. transl. Vermeulen and Lahondère, 2011).
Ba-Fe titanates in peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland
Authors: Cegiełka Małgorzata , Bagiński Bogusław , Macdonald Ray , Marciniak-Maliszewska Beata , Stachowicz Marcin
Published: July 2023

A peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland, contains the rare mineral henrymeyerite [(Ba0.92Na0.05Ca0.03)1.0(Ti6.87Fe2+1.04Nb0.03)7.9O16], a low-Fe Ba titanate [(Ba0.74Ca0.02Na0.05)0.8 (Ti4.9oFe2+0.15 Nb0.04)5.1O11], and an unidentified Ba titanosilicate. Both titanates show the coupled substitution 2Na+ + Si4+ → Ba2+ + Ti4+. The minerals are present as tiny crystals fringing ilmenite inclusions in an amphibole crystal and are thought to have formed during the hydrothermal stage of the granite’s evolution.
Fluorite and related fluids in the Karkonosze granitoid pluton, SW Poland
Authors: Kozłowski Andrzej , Matyszczak Witold
Published: July 2023

Fluorite mineralization was studied in the Variscan granitoid Karkonosze pluton in the northern part of the Bohemian massif (Lower Silesia, Poland). Fluid inclusions in fluorite and quartz were investigated by the following methods: heating and freezing on an immersion microscope stage, spectrophotometric and electron probe analysis, calcination and water leachate. The parent fluids of fluorite were of the Na-Ca-Cl type with a low CO₂ content. The fluoride ions had sources in the pluton and in its host rocks. Fluid inclusion observations provide evidence of various post-formation alteration. such as refilling, partition, cracking, migration, expulsion or vacuole modification from irregular to cubic habit. A final model of fluorite origin and parent fluid evolution is presented.
Integrated biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of the Upper Cretaceous in the Petrich section (Central Srednogorie Zone, Bulgaria)
Authors: Pavlishina Polina , Dochev Doche , Wagreich Michael , Koukal Veronika
Published: July 2023

The Upper Cretaceous succession (Coniacian to lowermost Maastrichtian, with focus on the Campanian) at Petrich, Central Srednogorie Zone in Bulgaria, is described and calibrated stratigraphically based on nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts and inoceramids. The following standard nannofossil zones and subzones are identified: UC10–UC11ab (middle to upper Coniacian), UC11c–UC12–UC13 (uppermost Coniacian to Santonian), UC14a (lowermost Campanian), UC14b TP–UC15c TP (lower Campanian to ‘middle’ Campanian), UC15d TP– UC15e TP (upper Campanian), UC16a TP (of Thibault et al. 2016; upper part of the upper Campanian), and UC16b (Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary). The base of the Campanian is defined by the FO of Broinsonia parca parca (Stradner) Bukry, 1969 and Calculites obscurus (Deflandre) Prins and Sissingh in Sissingh, 1977 (a morphotype with a wide central longitudinal suture). The Areoligera coronata dinoflagellate cyst Zone (upper lower Campanian to upper upper Campanian) is identified, corresponding to the UC14b TP–UC16a TP nannofossil subzones. The inoceramid assemblage indicates the ‘Inoceramus’ azerbaydjanensis – ‘Inoceramus’ vorhelmensis Zone, correlated within the interval of nannofossil subzones UC15d TP–UC15e TP. The composition of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and palynofacies pattern suggest normal marine, oxic conditions and low nutrient availability within a distal shelf to open marine depositional environment during the Campanian.