bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PRODUCTIVITY OF FERTILIZED PASTURES IN CENTRAL ALBERTA
Authors: Doran W. J. , Bowman G. H. , Walker D. R.
Published: March 2010

Yearling steers were used to evaluate the productivity of three pasture swards under three rates of fertilization in a 32 split plot factorial experiment replicated three times. Rotational grazing across three replicates was practised.In the period 1956 to 1958, acre yields of brome alfalfa, brome, and creeping red fescue were 239, 212 and 209 pounds of liveweight gain, respectively. The respective liveweight gains per acre with no fertilizer, 33 pounds of nitrogen, and 32 pounds of nitrogen and 40 pounds of P2O5 were 187, 221, and 252. In the period 1959 to 1961, acre yields of brome alfalfa, brome, and creeping red fescue were 302, 273 and 257 pounds of liveweight gain, respectively. The respective liveweight gains per acre with no fertilizer, 64 pounds of nitrogen and 80 pounds of P2O5, and 128 pounds of nitrogen and 160 pounds of P2O5 were 152, 314, and 366. No important fertilizer-pasture interactions existed. Carrying capacity and liveweight gains of steers were closely associated.
ASCORBIC ACID IN TOMATOES: I. DISTRIBUTION AND METHOD OF ASSAY
Authors: Ward G. M.
Published: March 2010

A procedure for preparing an extract of tomato fruit tissue prior to ascorbic acid assay is described which will give acceptably accurate results in spite of the extreme variations in concentration often found in the natural product. Fluctuations in ascorbic acid levels of developing greenhouse tomatoes have been measured as well as varietal differences of this constituent. A wide range in concentration was found between various tissues of a single fruit and between individual freshly harvested fruits. Storage of the intact fruit had little effect on the ascorbic acid level.
NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF LOOSE SMUT ON THE YIELD AND MALTING QUALITY OF BARLEY
Authors: Metcalfe D. R. , Bendelow V. M. , Johnston W. H.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON THE EXTENT OF LATERAL SPREAD OF FIELD BINDWEED
Authors: Best K. F.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON CYPRESS, A NEW HARD RED SPRING WHEAT
Authors: McKenzie Hugh , Grant M. N. , Whiteside A. G. O. , McBean D. S. , Hurd E. A. , Kusch A. G.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A POWER OPERATED SOIL SAMPLER FOR FIELD WIREWORM STUDIES
Authors: Burrage R. H. , Vibert R. O. , MacLeod M. N.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR MEASURING LEAF AREAS
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Mason W. J.
Published: March 2010

not available
REACTION OF NON-CULTIVATED OATS FROM ISRAEL TO CANADIAN RACES OF CROWN RUST AND STEM RUST
Authors: Dinoor A. , Wahl I.
Published: March 2010

Two hundred and two collections of non-cultivated oats from Israel, belonging to Avena sterilis L. and A. barbata Brot., were tested in the greenhouse at Winnipeg, Manitoba, for seedling and adult plant reaction to several important crown rust and stem rust races. Seeds of the collections found resistant in the greenhouse to one of the test races were planted in the field and were exposed to artificial rust epidemics. Out of 123 collections of A. sterilis, 40 were resistant to crown rust in the greenhouse and 9 remained resistant in the field; one collection was resistant to stem rust in the greenhouse but none was resistant in the field. Out of 79 collections of A. barbata, 23 were resistant to crown rust in the greenhouse and 8 maintained resistance in the field; 17 collections were resistant to stem rust in the greenhouse and 8 were resistant in the field.Crown rust and stem rust resistance factors seem to be independent of each other; the plants of only a few collections possessed resistance to both rusts. Collection D203 was particularly outstanding, showing resistance to all the test races of crown rust and stem rust in seedling and adult stages in the greenhouse as well as in the field.
WHEAT YIELDS AND SOIL AGGREGATION AFTER PERENNIAL GRASSES IN A SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kilcher M. R. , Anderson L. J.
Published: March 2010

Spring wheat grown the year following breaking of stands of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) or bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies yielded 17 per cent less than wheat grown on summerfallow in a 2-year wheat-summerfallow rotation. After three successive cycles of the 2-year wheat-summerfallow rotation on the sod breaking, the wheat yields were about equal to those obtained from the check plots. The grasses did not improve soil aggregation any more quickly than that which occurred in the wheat-fallow regime under an adopted strip cropping management.
EFFECT OF SEED SOURCE ON COMPARATIVE TEST RESULTS IN BARLEY
Authors: McFadden A. D.
Published: March 2010

A common seed stock for each of four varieties of barley was increased at five locations in 1959 and again in 1960. In 1960 and in 1961, the five seed lots of each variety were tested at several locations. There were significant differences in yield between crops of the same variety produced from different seed lots. In 1960, differences ranged from 9 to 16 per cent, and in 1961 from 3 to 13 per cent. They were such that differences between varieties could be changed materially and yield rankings could even be altered by using seed lots propagated at different locations. There was some suggestion that chemical content of seed from different sources was associated with crop performance at other locations although this was not established.This study serves to emphasize the extreme importance of seed source and the necessity for controlling this or any other non-genetic source of variability in comparative tests.
PHOTOPERIODIC SENSITIVITY OF HEAD DIFFERENTIATION, CULM ELONGATION, AND HEADING IN SOME SPRING WHEAT AND SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES
Authors: Ormrod Douglas P.
Published: March 2010

Eleven wheat and six barley varieties were tested for their sensitivity to six photoperiods ranging from 9 to 24 hours of light per day. Nine hours' daylight was supplied to plants in all treatments. Observations were made in terms of days to completion of head differentiation, rate of elongation of the main culm, and days to heading. The photoperiodic sensitivities were illustrated by means of response curves.There were marked differences among the wheat varieties in sensitivity of head differentiation and culm elongation to short photoperiods and in effects of all photoperiods on days to heading. The barley varieties differed only slightly in photoperiodic sensitivity of culm elongation at any one photoperiod and there were only small differences among photoperiods. Photoperiod had much less effect on head differentiation in the barley varieties tested but there were marked differences among varieties regardless of photoperiod. Number of days to heading was affected by photoperiod but less strikingly than in wheat.
YIELD AND QUALITY OF SELKIRK WHEAT SWATHED AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURITY
Authors: Molberg E. S.
Published: March 2010

In experiments over a 5-year period it was found that Selkirk Wheat could be swathed without loss in yield or in quality when the moisture content was between 25 and 38 per cent (stiff dough stage of maturity). Below 25 per cent shattering was serious and yield losses occurred.
WINTER SURVIVAL OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO
Authors: Sayre R. M.
Published: March 2010

In field experiments at Harrow, Ontario, the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949, successfully overwintered, although its populations were severely reduced. Two other species, M. incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949, and M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949, were unable to overwinter in bare soil or under a cover crop of winter wheat or in the roots of the perennial host plants peach and asparagus.
A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RATE OF LEAF ABSCISSION AND PERENNIAL CANKER IN PEACH VARIETIES
Authors: Weaver G. M.
Published: March 2010

Observations on the incidence of perennial canker on peach indicated a wide range of susceptibility within the 24 varieties examined. Lineage comparisons revealed also that resistance can be transmitted to offspring by hybridization with such varieties as Elberta, J. H. Hale, Golden Jubilee, Earlyvee and July Queen.Marked differences in the rate of leaf fall were demonstrated for these same varieties, which could be classified as rapid, moderate, and slow in defoliation. Good correlation was established between rate of defoliation and relative susceptibility to perennial canker, with rapid leaf fall indicating moderate resistance. The implications of this correlation to the breeding program by the selection of canker resistant seedlings in hybrid progenies is discussed.
IRRIGATION SUR PATURAGE: DETERMINATION, FREQUENCE ET RENTABILITE
Authors: Ouellet C. E. , Martineau R. , Laporte G.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A METHOD FOR SOIL-MOISTURE CONTROL IN GREENHOUSE POTS
Authors: Krogman K. K.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON IMMUNITY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN STRAIN OF THE RED RASPBERRY MOSAIC VECTOR, THE APHID, AMPHOROPHORA RUBI, KALB.
Authors: Daubeny Hugh A. , Stace-Smith Richard
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON COMPACT MUTANTS OF LAMBERT CHERRY PRODUCED BY IONIZING RADIATION
Authors: Lapins K.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A CONSTANT MOISTURE BALANCE FOR MAINTAINING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF INDIVIDUAL SOIL CONTAINERS
Authors: Bigsby F. W.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A MACHINE FOR CUTTING AVENA FIRST-INTERNODE SECTIONS FOR AUXIN BIOASSAY
Authors: Crowe A. D.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A QUALITATIVE METHOD OF EXAMINING THE UNIFORMITY OF HIGH INTENSITY ILLUMINATION
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Jackson Ross
Published: March 2010

not available
EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF MINIMUM AVAILABLE SOIL MOISTURE ON CROP YIELDS
Authors: Hobbs E. H. , Krogman K. K. , Sonmor L. G.
Published: March 2010

Eight crops commonly grown in southern Alberta were irrigated when available moisture within the root zone had been depleted to 75, 50, and 25 per cent levels. Over a 3-year period the yields of alfalfa, wheat, barley, sugar beets, corn, peas, and sweet clover reached a maximum at or below the 50 per cent level of minimum available soil moisture. Potatoes produced highest yields at the 75 per cent level. The relationship between availability of water to the crop and the amount of water in the soil was shown to be somewhere between the concepts of constant availability and linear decrease and was not consistent among the various crops.
A GROWTH INHIBITOR FOUND IN CENTAUREA SPP.
Authors: Fletcher R. A. , Renney A. J.
Published: March 2010

The growth of tomato and barley plants was inhibited in soils naturally infested with knapweed or in soils artificially infested with powdered knapweed residues. The leaves contained a higher proportion of the toxic material than did other plant parts, and the leaves of Centaurea repens L. were more inhibitory than those of Centaurea diffusa Lam. and Centaurea maculosa Lam. Chromatographic techniques were developed to isolate an inhibitor common to the three species which was soluble in both water and ether, and inhibitory to the seedling development of barley and lettuce. The material was relatively more inhibitive to root development than to the top growth of the species tested. Chromogenic sprays and ultraviolet absorption spectra indicated that the inhibitor was an indole derivative. The presence of a plant growth inhibitor in these Centaureas may partially explain their rapid establishment in almost pure stands.
TRACE ELEMENT EFFECTS ON OATS AND ALFALFA GROWN ON THREE SOILS
Authors: Calder F. W. , Langille W. M.
Published: March 2010

Oats followed by alfalfa was grown in the greenhouse on three soil types which were limed at three levels and received treatments of 20, 40, 60 and 100 pounds of B; 4, 16 and 64 ounces of Mo; 20 and 60 pounds per acre of S. Yield and growth characteristics of the plants were recorded, content of B, Mo, S, Co and Zn in plant tissue was determined. Oats was much more sensitive to excessive amounts of B than was alfalfa. The yield of oats on unlimed and on soil limed to pH of 6.2 decreased consistently with increasing rates of B. At the highest liming rate a decrease in yield resulted with a B application of 40 pounds or more per acre. Sixty pounds per acre of B did not reduce the yield of alfalfa but there was a significant reduction in yield at 100 pounds per acre. Toxic effects, as indicated by chlorosis of the leaves, was much more marked at the low pH levels. Effects of pH level on uptake of the trace elements and effect of Mo and S on B uptake are shown and discussed.
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON McINTOSH APPLE TREES
Authors: Ross R. G. , Longley R. P.
Published: March 2010

A 4-year test was carried out on the effect of sprays of captan, dodine, dichlone, and phenyl mercury acetate-captan on the performance of mature McIntosh apple trees. Increases in yield of the same trees over the average yield of the previous 5 years were 40, 31, 18 and 7 per cent, respectively, for captan, dodine, mercury-captan and dichlone. The fungicides had little effect on bloom, tree growth as measured by increase in trunk cross-section, and per cent fruit color. Mercury-captan produced larger apples indicating a thinning effect. The captan sprays produced the most attractive apples. With dichlone, fruit finish was rough. Dodine injured about 3 per cent of the apples in 2 years of the test.Dodine gave the best control of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis). Dichlone was very effective for early fruit scab but did not give good control of late or pin-point scab. Mercury gave excellent control of early scab. Captan allowed some late scab to develop.
CHEMICAL AND CULTURAL TREATMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF STORAGE ROTS OF TOMATOES
Authors: Lockhart C. L. , Chipman E. W.
Published: March 2010

Significant reduction of storage rots of mature-green tomatoes was obtained with field treatments of Mylone, plastic mulch, trellising, and plastic mulch plus trellising. Mylone soil treatment was more effective than the cultural treatments in 1961, and comparable with them in reducing rots in 1962. Plastic mulch plus trellising gave better control than either plastic mulch or trellising. The dominant micro-organisms causing rots of stored tomatoes were: Colletotrichum coccodes and Alternaria tenuis.
INVESTIGATIONS ON NON-NODULATING AND NODULATING SOYBEAN STRAINS
Authors: Anderson I. C. , Tanner J. W.
Published: March 2010

Grafting experiments between a non-nodulating soybean strain and its near-isogenic nodulating sister strain indicated that the non-nodulating strain contained the cotyledon factor required for nodulation and did not contain a cotyledon factor inhibitory to nodulation. Root grafts were made on 1-day-old seedlings.Tetraploids produced by doubling the chromosome number of the non-nodulating isoline by means of colchicine failed to produce nodules.A biological assay utilizing a tryptophan-requiring mutant of Lactobacillus arabinosus showed that there was no quantitative difference in the amount of tryptophan exuded by the two isolines.
INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF SOUR CHERRY YELLOWS AND NECROTIC RING SPOT OBTAINED BY GRAFT INOCULATION AT OR NEAR BLOSSOM TIME
Authors: Davidson T. R.
Published: March 2010

The ranges of initial symptom patterns and types occurring in nature were duplicated by graft inoculations made during the 4-week period beginning with full bloom. Nearly all trees inoculated at full bloom developed shock a year later with the inoculated branch either symptomless or with mild etch or mottle. Some trees inoculated with cherry yellows near the end of the bloom period developed a general shock. These patterns were seen in 74 per cent of the naturally infected trees observed from 1957 to 1961. Bud inoculation after petal fall resulted in general secondary symptoms of etch or mottle. In the field, 24 per cent of the trees observed were of this sort. Other symptom patterns were observed both in the field and in inoculation tests but these occurred infrequently.Most trees that were inoculated before full bloom showed symptoms on the inoculated branch the same year, and on the remainder of the tree the following year. However, this phenomenon was not observed in the orchards.
THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON YIELD, SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THREE PASTURE MIXTURES
Authors: Turley R. H. , Webster G. R. , Carson R. B.
Published: March 2010

The effects of irrigation treatments and seed mixtures on yield, quality and seasonal distribution of pasture production were studied at Saanichton, British Columbia. Ten acre-inches of water in five equal applications proved to be the best irrigation treatment. It increased production by an average of 85 per cent during 4 years and by 129 per cent in the very dry 1953 season. Plots irrigated with 15 acre-inches of water reached wilting point down to the 12-inch depth during periods of severe drought, while at other times water was lost through deep percolation. Irrigation increased the protein and decreased the fat contents of the herbage but had little effect on the crude fiber and ash content.Orchardgrass and Ladino clover in a mixture proved to be outstanding for uniform production throughout the season. Orchardgrass produced a better balance of grass to legume in the herbage than Alta fescue and perennial ryegrass.
MAIN AND LATERAL KERNEL WEIGHT RATIO IN THE PROGENY OF A SIX- AND TWO-ROWED BARLEY CROSS
Authors: Pauksens J. , Reinbergs E.
Published: March 2010

Uniformity of kernel weight was studied in the F2, F3, and F4 six-rowed progenies of a cross between Montcalm, a six-rowed malting barley, and Franken II, a two-rowed variety. The results indicate that, in the progeny of a cross of two-rowed and six-rowed barleys, the percentage of six-rowed segregates possessing desirable main/lateral kernel weight ratio is relatively small (6.8 to 10.1 per cent), but successful selection for uniform kernel weight is possible in the F2 generation.
NOTE ON THE SWIFT CURRENT FORAGE PLOT HARVESTER II
Authors: Thompson J. L. , Heinrichs D. H.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A LABORATORY TABLE TRANSFORMED INTO A TRANSFERRING CHAMBER
Authors: Julien J. B. , Bolton A. T. , Donaldson A. G.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON EARLICROP TOMATO
Authors: Kemp G. A. , Nonnecke I. L.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON STARFIRE TOMATO
Authors: Walkof Charles , Marshall H. H.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON PARK HARD RED SPRING WHEAT
Authors: Kaufmann M. L. , McFadden A. D.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON CO2 EFFECTS ON GREENHOUSE TOMATO CROPPING
Authors: Tiessen H. , Hilton R. J.
Published: March 2010

not available
Erratum
Authors: Author Delete
Published: March 2010

not available
AIR-BORNE POLLEN SURVEYS IN MANITOBA AND SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Bassett I. J.
Published: March 2010

Air-borne pollen was collected at 19 sites in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Deciduous trees such as poplars and Manitoba maple produced the greater part of the air-borne pollen collected before the end of the first week in May. The peak period of grass pollen production occurred in the latter part of June and early July with small amounts being collected up to mid-September. Pollens from ragweeds and their relatives were only abundant at Morris and Emerson in the Red River Valley. At these two locations the peak ragweed pollen season was between July 27 and August 22. Of the other wind-pollinated plants causing hay fever only Russian thistle and wormwoods produced pollen in large amounts.
THE EFFECT OF DATE OF SEEDING AND FERTILITY LEVEL ON THE YIELD OF WHEAT, OATS, AND BARLEY IN NORTHWESTERN ALBERTA
Authors: Anderson C. H. , Hennig A. M. F.
Published: March 2010

The effect of date of seeding and fertility level on the yield of wheat, oats, and barley grown on summerfallow was studied from 1951 to 1956. Seedings were made at nine dates, spaced approximately 3 days apart and commenced as early as possible in the spring. The average yield increases from 35 pounds per acre of 11-48-0 were 51, 49, and 57 per cent for wheat, oats, and barley, respectively. The coefficients for the regression of the mean yield on date of seeding were significantly negative for unfertilized wheat, oats, and barley, and for fertilized wheat and oats. The yield of fertilized barley was not influenced significantly by date of seeding.
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF INSECTICIDES ON WIREWORMS (AGRIOTES SPP.) OF GRASSLAND IN NOVA SCOTIA
Authors: Fox C. J. S.
Published: March 2010

Experiments were conducted on grassland in four counties in Nova Scotia from 1952 to 1962 to evaluate the effectiveness of aldrin at 3 or 6 lb, dieldrin at 6 lb, chlordane at 8 or 10 lb, heptachlor at 6 lb, and lindane at 0.75, 1.0, or 1.5 lb of toxicant per acre in controlling the wireworms Agriotes mancus (Say), A. sputator (L.), A. lineatus (L.), and A. obscurus (L.). The insecticides were applied once as surface sprays without subsequent cultivation, except in one experiment where oats were sown. Aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, and heptachlor usually did not control wireworms as well during the first year after application as during the second year. Aldrin and chlordane gave measurable control for as long as 10 years after application. Dieldrin and heptachlor gave at least 95% control 7 years (the duration of the pertinent experiments) after application. Lindane was not effective for as long as the other insecticides. In several cases initial control was followed by a resurgence or "flare-up" of wireworm numbers. All treatments resulted in increased yields of hay, in some cases exceeding 200%, for several years after application.
GROWTH-DILUTION AS A FACTOR IN THE DECLINE OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES ON ALFALFA-GRASS FORAGE
Authors: Miles J. R. W. , Sans W. W. , Wressell H. B. , Manson G. F.
Published: March 2010

The persistence of endosulfan, Guthion, malathion, methoxychlor, Sevin, and toxaphene applied to alfalfa-grass forage for spittlebug control was studied by chemical analysis of deposits from application to harvest. Applications were made when the crop was 9 to 12 in. high. Malathion residues declined from 51 p.p.m. to trace amounts (0.26 p.p.m. or less) in 1 week, endosulfan from 18 to 0.36 p.p.m., and Sevin from 77 to 0.33 p.p.m. in 2 weeks, and Guthion from 74 to < 0.75 p.p.m. in 3 weeks. Methoxychlor and toxaphene treatments resulted in harvest residues from 1 to 9 p.p.m.To assess the rate at which the residues would have declined if diluted by growth alone, forage was cut from unit areas and weighed at each residue sampling time. At harvest the theoretical dilution by growth would have reduced the residues of methoxychlor and toxaphene to one-half their original level, whereas the actual residues were from one-fourteenth to one-eighth of the original deposits.
A GREENHOUSE METHOD OF REARING THE BARLEY JOINTWORM, TETRAMESA HORDEI, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE BIOLOGY AND HOST-PLANT RELATIONS OF THE INSECT
Authors: Sterling J. D. E. , MacLaren R. B.
Published: March 2010

Adults of the barley jointworm, Tetramesa (= Harmolita) hordei (Harris) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), were reared in the greenhouse from overwintering larvae by maintaining temperature and relative humidity at 65° F and 80%, respectively. Maximum oviposition occurred at a similar humidity with temperatures between 74° and 78° F. Progressively higher temperatures incited flight, decreased oviposition, and shortened the life-span of the insects. Infestations occurred at all internodes of susceptible plants. It was shown that resistance did not involve a behavioral preference of the insect for susceptible plants.
PRECISION OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH VEGETABLE CROPS AS INFLUENCED BY PLOT SIZE AND SHAPE: III. POTATOES
Authors: Nonnecke I. L. , Smillie K. W.
Published: March 2010

Uniformity trial data together with certain cost assumptions for potatoes indicate that long narrow plots are the most efficient. The basic unit was 4 ft long and 3 ft wide. A minimum of two basic units would be necessary for most potato studies with a maximum of six basic units depending upon the requirements for each experiment. Thus the optimum plot size could range from 3 ft wide and 8 to 18 ft long. Where smaller size becomes optimum more replications are required. Long narrow replicates likewise appear to be more efficient than either wide or square ones.The logical analysis and a generalized flow diagram for digital computer calculation of these data are presented.
SEED PRODUCTION OF CRESTED WHEATGRASS AS INFLUENCED BY VARIOUS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Authors: Buglass E.
Published: March 2010

The effect of nitrogen, phosphate, and spacing of grass rows on seed yields of crested wheatgrass was determined during the period 1954 to 1962. Rates, time of application, and methods of applying fertilizer, and row spacing of grass were included in the study.Fall application of nitrogenous fertilizers produced greater responses than early spring application. Moisture conditions were a limiting factor in obtaining seed increases from the use of fertilizer. Responses were greater with adequate moisture. In dry years, the response was very poor and a significant residual effect was obtained from nitrogen after dry years. Drilling the fertilizer into the sod was slightly superior to broadcasting. Fertilizer applied to the grass rows only, or to the grass rows and cultivated space, produced similar results. Grass seeded in wide-spaced rows produced higher yields of seed than close drilling. Close-drilled rows of grass responded more to nitrogen than did wide-spaced rows. Grass seeded in 6-in. rows, and fertilized, produced less seed than wider-spaced rows with the same fertilizer treatment. With average moisture conditions, maximum yields of seed were obtained with about 150 lb/acre of ammonium nitrate. With better moisture conditions, seed yields increased as higher rates of fertilizer were used. Phosphate had no significant effect on seed yield.High seed yields of crested wheatgrass can be maintained by the use of wide-row spacing and nitrogenous fertilizers.
EFFECT OF PASTURE SAMPLING CAGES ON SEED AND HERBAGE YIELDS OF CREEPING RED FESCUE
Authors: Dobb J. L. , Elliott C. R.
Published: March 2010

Pasture sampling cages placed on creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) in early May and removed in early August of 1961 and 1962 caused 65 and 41% reductions in seed yield and 14 and 15% reductions in herbage yield, respectively. The reduction in seed yield was attributed primarily to a reduction in the number of seed-bearing culms but also to small reductions in the number of seeds per head and the 1000-seed weight. Components of herbage yield were not studied.The cages reduced light intensity. They often reduced wind velocity, lowered air temperature, and reduced the vapor-pressure deficit, although not consistently.
INFLUENCE OF DATE OF SEEDING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN FLAXSEED
Authors: McGregor W. G.
Published: March 2010

Grain yields and components of yield were determined for 12 varieties planted approximately 2 weeks apart beginning May 10 in 1951 and May 8 in 1953. Date of seeding had an effect on the number of bolls per plant and on the number of seeds per boll produced. Variety differences for yield were significant only in the drier season of 1953. Number of seeds per boll was most closely related to yield in both years. It was also significantly correlated with yield in the second and third seedings. Except for a negative relationship between number of bolls and number of seeds per boll on the first and third seeding, the yield components were mutually independent. Long season varieties suffered more than short season varieties from delayed seeding in reduced yield and reduced number of seeds per boll. However, even in short season varieties the decline was appreciable.
EFFECT OF CONSECUTIVE TREATMENTS OF ALDRIN AND HEPTACHLOR ON RESIDUES IN RUTABAGAS AND CARROTS AND ON CERTAIN SOIL ARTHROPODS AND YIELD
Authors: Fox C. J. S. , Chisholm D. , Stewart D. K. R.
Published: March 2010

Aldrin or heptachlor at 5 and 10 lb per acre were each incorporated into a sandy loam for 3 successive years. On a total weight basis, rutabagas grown on treated soil were found at harvest to contain up to 0.02 p.p.m. of aldrin, 0.06 p.p.m. of dieldrin, 0.01 p.p.m. of heptachlor, and 0.03 p.p.m. of heptachlor epoxide; carrots up to 0.15 p.p.m. of aldrin, 0.15 p.p.m. of dieldrin, 0.26 p.p.m. of heptachlor, and 0.04 p.p.m. of heptachlor epoxide. Significant off-flavors were noted in raw carrots after 3 years of soil treatment with the higher rate of heptachlor but not a year later when the insecticide was not applied.Treated plots produced significantly higher yields of beans and carrots than untreated check plots only in the first year of treatment. The increases were attributed to the control of injurious soil insects. Both insecticides gave significant control of cabbage maggot throughout the experiment. Soil mites were reduced in number after the first year of treatment but numbers of Collembola in the soil were not significantly affected.
CEPHALOSPORIUM SPECIES PARASITIC ON HELMINTHOSPORIUM (SENSU LATE)
Authors: Kenneth R. , Isaac P. K.
Published: March 2010

Four species of Cephalosporium from Canada and one species from Israel were found to be hyperparasitic on Drechslera teres (Helminthosporium teres) and D. poae (H. vagans). Among these was C. acremonium, causal agent of black bundle disease of corn. Direct invasion of conidia, conidiophores, and hyphae of the host fungi by hyphae of the mycoparasites was observed. Appressoria were not found. Conidia of Drechslera spp. disintegrated shortly after penetration by hyphae of the hyperparasites. None of the three species tested on Bipolaris sorokiniana (Helminthosporium sativum) invaded conidia or conidiophores of this species, and parasitism was limited to occasional penetration of hyphae of the host. It is concluded that hyperparasitism on Drechslera species is likely to be general among Cephalosporium spp.
ZINC DEFICIENCY IN EASTERN ONTARIO ORCHARDS
Authors: Heeney H. B. , Ward G. M. , Rutherford W. M.
Published: March 2010

Typical symptoms of zinc deficiency were found in McIntosh, Northern Spy, and Delicious varieties of apples in at least 50% of the orchards sampled in eastern Ontario. The average level of zinc in the foliage collected in mid-July from those orchards showing zinc deficiency symptoms was 10.1 p.p.m. compared with 15.9 p.p.m. in material from orchards not showing symptoms. There was no evidence of varietal effects on zinc level. There was considerable variation in zinc levels in deficient orchards between 1959 and 1960 but no variation in the level of foliage from normal trees. Summer sprays of 0.2% zinc oxide or 0.15% zinc sulphate applied May 30 corrected the symptoms.
AN APPARATUS FOR WEEKLY MEASUREMENT OF PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORATION
Authors: Smith A. D. , Mikkelsen T. T. , Walker P. H.
Published: March 2010

not available
INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD, PROTEIN, AND OIL CONTENT OF TWO VARIETIES OF RAPE
Authors: Bhatty R. S.
Published: March 2010

not available
LEO BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL
Authors: Bubar J. S.
Published: March 2010

not available
ROOT STUDY OF THREE WHEAT VARIETIES AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO DROUGHT AND DAMAGE BY SOIL CRACKING
Authors: Hurd E. A.
Published: March 2010

Roots of three varieties, Thatcher, Cypress (Triticum aestivum), and Pelissier (T. durum), were studied in growth boxes with sloping glass face. Nine weekly measurements were taken of the roots showing on the glass face and of the top growth. After the plants matured, the soil was washed away and the roots air-dried and weighed. Regardless of the different moisture levels used the three varieties were found to have three distinct patterns of growth. These root patterns help to explain varietal differences in resistance to damage by soil cracking and to drought. The tests conducted illustrate advantages of using growth boxes with sloping glass face in a plant breeding program.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METHODS OF INOCULATING ALFALFA WITH LEPTOSPHAERULINA BRIOSIANA
Authors: Waddington J. , Storgaard A. K. , McDonald W. C.
Published: March 2010

An inoculation technique, in which cultures of Leptosphaerulina briosiana (Poll.) Graham & Luttrell grown on filter paper soaked in 20% mixed vegetable juice, V-8 brand, are suspended over alfalfa plants and allowed to discharge spores onto them, was developed and compared with previously described inoculation methods. The new method was found to be superior and the inoculum, in contrast to that of the similar V-8 agar method, was more easily prepared and applied, could be watered to prevent drying our and could be stored in a frozen state between inoculations. Less than 5% of the seedlings and mature plants of four species of Medicago inoculated by this method appeared to be resistant.
THE EFFECT OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ON SYNTHESIS OF LIGNIN
Authors: Parups E. V.
Published: March 2010

The effect of maleic hydrazide and several other chemicals on the synthesis of lignin was investigated in oat coleoptile, pea hypocotyl, and tobacco. When measured by ultraviolet light absorption, maleic hydrazide depressed While 1,4-naphthoquinone increased the lignin content in the conducting tissues of oat coleoptile. The lignin content of oat coleoptiles treated with maleic hydrazide in presence of 1,4-naphthoquinone and tyrosine was reduced. Additions of ferulic acid generally overcame the effects of maleic hydrazide; p-benzoquinone was ineffective. Gibberellic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid generally promoted the synthesis of lignin. Joint use of these chemicals and maleic hydrazide produced intermediate levels of lignin. The hygroscopicity and filling value of flue-cured tobacco was related to the lignin content of the leaf.
A GREENHOUSE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND POTASSIUM ON BRITTLENESS AND ASH CONTENT OF BARLEY AWNS
Authors: MacLaren R. B. , Sterling J. D. E.
Published: March 2010

The influence of four levels of each of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the brittleness and ash content of barley awns was investigated. Awns were significantly more brittle at higher levels of N and P but significantly less brittle at higher levels of K. Ash content was not affected by changes in N level but was significantly higher with higher levels of P and significantly lower with higher levels of K.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DICAMBA ON WHEAT AND BARLEY
Authors: Friesen H. A. , Baenziger H. , Keys C. H.
Published: March 2010

Dicamba (2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid) applied to wheat and barley during periods of high meristematic activity disrupted normal growth and induced morphological and cytological aberrations. The intensity and locale of the morphological effects varied with the dosage and time of application. Under field conditions an application of 4 oz per acre before the 4-leaf stage caused gross malformation of the stems and leaves, reduced height, delayed maturity, and interfered with normal seed development in the main culms. Applied during the 4-leaf to 6-leaf stages this dosage interfered with tiller development and markedly reduced seed production in the main culms. Applied during the boot and early headed stages it largely prevented kernel development in both crops. Under lush conditions of the greenhouse, similar effects were induced by half this dosage. Doubling of the rate of application intensified and prolonged these effects to the extent that response differences due to growth stage were largely masked. Root tips of wheat and barley seedlings, germinated in different concentrations of dicamba, showed a sharp reduction in the numbers of dividing cells, viz., 133, 109, 97, 66, and 21 in concentrations of nil, 1, 5, 10, and 100 p.p.m., respectively. However, once initiated, mitosis appeared to proceed in a normal manner. At 10 p.p.m. and upwards, there was much evidence of chromosome clumping and the formation of multinucleate cells. Cell development and arrangement in the florets of treated plants was grossly disturbed.The response pattern of both crops resembled that induced by 2,4-D but the dosage of dicamba required was significantly less.
AN EVAPORATIVE SPRAY-COOLING SYSTEM FOR GLASSHOUSES
Authors: Kalbfleisch W.
Published: March 2010

not available
SEED YIELD AND MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS AS INFLUENCED BY GRAZING
Authors: Lawrence T. , Ashford R.
Published: March 2010

Removal of aftermath forage of Russian wild ryegrass, Elymus junceus Fisch., by grazing increased seed yields by preventing the development of long mesocotyls which elevated the shoot apices to a height where they were subjected to frost damage. The sooner the grazing was started after the seed was harvested the higher the seed yield in the subsequent year. Grazing prevented the decline in seed yield which normally occurs in ungrazed plants with increasing age of stand. Aftermath removal had no apparent effect on the stage of development achieved by the shoot apices just prior to freeze-up.Observations showed that: (a) the protuberances on the apices start at the base and proceed by acropetal succession; (b) the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase of the apices takes place in the fall; and (c) a cold shock is not required to initiate the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase.
SEASONAL CHANGES IN ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF APPLE SHOOTS AS A CRITERION OF THEIR MATURITY
Authors: Wilner J.
Published: March 2010

Significant seasonal differences in electrical resistance were established between twigs of three varieties of apples and the progenies of crosses involving them. The resistance of twigs increased as the growing season advanced from summer to fall and appeared to reflect differences in the rate and time of development of autumn maturity. The higher autumn electrical resistance of the hardy variety Antonovka was transmitted to progenies of crosses involving this parent. The results of this study demonstrated the usefulness of the electrolytic technique in selecting early maturing and consequently more winter hardy varieties of plants.
POTENTIAL AND ACTUAL POPULATIONS OF GRASSHOPPER NYMPHS IN TILLED AND UNTILLED CEREAL GRAIN FIELDS
Authors: Putnam L. G. , Handford R. H.
Published: March 2010

The within-season trends of grasshopper abundance in cultivated habitats were investigated during seven years between 1943 and 1960, in southwestern Saskatchewan and southern Alberta. In unfilled cereal grain fields, the numbers of grasshopper eggs declined by 0 to 67% from late fall to early spring. Tillage seldom affected this decrease substantially. Of the eggs surviving in the spring, a few studies showed 7 to 64% producing nymphs that emerged. Tillage between egg-laying and emergence sometimes further reduced emergence. At the mid-point of nymphal development, when most eggs were hatched, nymphal mortality had further reduced the population, to 2 to 20% of the eggs present earlier in the same spring. The most reliable effect of tillage as a control measure was the destruction of food plants, prior to grasshopper hatching, in the preparation of summerfallow. Of the surface-tilling implements, one-way disks were most effective, but implements preferred for preserving trash cover, such as blade and duck-foot cultivators, were also effective if used under conditions conducive to complete killing of food plants.
DANGEROUS NEW RACES OF OAT STEM RUST AND SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO THEM
Authors: Green G. J. , McKenzie R. I. H.
Published: March 2010

New races of oat stem rust that can attack varieties carrying all identified resistance genes were found in Canada between 1957 and 1963. Varieties moderately resistant to some of these races have been found, but they are susceptible to other less-prevalent races. Some of the sources of resistance are: Ukraine, C.I. 3259; Ark. 674(2)-39-F, C.I. 4529; C.I. 4673; C.I. 5109; Santa Fe Selection, C.I. 5844; C.I. 6792; Silva No. 1729-49-1, C.I. 6849; and Rosen’s Mutant. White Russian (gene D) and Sevnothree (gene E) were resistant in the adult plant stage to one culture of race 6AF, although susceptible in the seedling stage.
VERTICILLIUM WILT OF FORAGE LEGUMES IN CANADA
Authors: Aubé C. , Sackston W. E.
Published: March 2010

Verticillium albo-atrum R. and B. was isolated from diseased alfalfa and ladino clover at Normandin, Que., and V. dahliae Kleb. from red clover at Ottawa, Ont., in 1962. Isolates of V. albo-atrum were more pathogenic than V. dahliae to alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil, and V. dahliae was more pathogenic to red clover. Comparative inoculation tests in the greenhouse showed that the Canadian isolates were as virulent on forage legumes as were legume isolates obtained from Britain. All isolates tested were strongly pathogenic to lupine and sainfoin. Birdsfoot trefoil, lupine, and ladino clover, not previously reported as hosts of Verticillium, proved susceptible in greenhouse tests.This is one of the first reports of virulent Verticillium on forage legumes in North America. Since diseased plants were found only at two experimental stations, the pathogen may have been introduced on seed imported from Europe. No Verticillium wilt was found at the same locations in 1963.
THE EFFECTS OF SOIL pH ON THE MINERAL COMPOSITION AND GROWTH OF THE LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY
Authors: Hall Ivan V. , Aalders Lewis E. , Townsend Lloyd R.
Published: March 2010

A greenhouse study of lowbush blueberries using five clonal lines, four different growth media (soil, soil plus sawdust, greenhouse potting compost, and greenhouse seed compost) and various pH levels (from 4.2 to 6.9) showed that growth was affected by additions of dolomitic limestone. Optimum growth occurred at the lowest pH levels (4.2, 4.9, and 5.0) for three of the media and for the seed compost at intermediate levels (4.9 and 5.5). Nutrient uptake, foliar nutrient levels, and pH were closely associated with growth. Although some clones grew more than others the pattern of response to the applications of limestone was similar for all clones.
CONTROL OF VERTICILLIUM DAHLIAE AND MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA IN GREENHOUSE TOMATOES BY SOIL FUMIGATION
Authors: McKeen C. D. , Sayre R. M.
Published: March 2010

Fumigation of greenhouse soils with Vorlex and Morton Chemical Company proprietary chemical EP-201 gave excellent control of root-knot nematode and reduced the incidence of Verticillium wilt to a low level. Both fumigants gave highly significant increases in yield of fruit. From a soil-suspension plating method it was found that the survival of Fusarium spp. could be used as an index of the destruction of Verticillium dahliae in fumigated soils.
SPREAD OF NECROTIC RING SPOT AND SOUR CHERRY YELLOWS VIRUSES IN NIAGARA PENINSULA ORCHARDS
Authors: Davidson T. R. , George J. A.
Published: March 2010

In the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario necrotic ring spot (NRS) and sour cherry yellows (SCY) are the two principal virus diseases of sour cherry. Since 1951 most trees grown in this area have been propagated from virus-free budwood but about 4% of the rootstock used carries virus.A combination of symptoms known as ’shock’ is the usual reaction to infection with either virus. However, in some trees the first sign of infection is only an etch, which is usually considered to be a secondary symptom of NRS. In a few trees the primary symptoms are very mild trace reactions strongly suggestive of trees that have been infected for a long time. Indexing on peach seedlings is generally not a good indicator of current season infection. It is however very accurate in detecting virus in trees that have been infected for more than 1 year.The rate of virus spread in young orchards is dependent upon the age of the orchard, the proximity of older diseased trees, and the amount of disease within the orchard. Necrotic ring spot virus (NRSV) spreads very slowly in orchards under 4 years old but can spread very rapidly in orchards over 4 years old. Most rapid spread of NRS occurs after 20% of the trees in an orchard are infected. Sour cherry yellows virus on the other hand does not spread rapidly until after the 10th year. Both viruses can spread over a considerable distance, NRSV at least 800 yd and SCYV about 100 yd, but most infections of both occur within 50 ft of a known source. There is no indication that any plant other than sour cherry serves as a source of inoculum.
NOTE SUR LA COMPOSITION ET LA DIGESTIBILITE DE LA VICIA CRACCA
Authors: Hidiroglou M. , Tessier J. L.
Published: March 2010

not available
RESISTANCE IN MELILOTUS SPECIES TO THE SWEETCLOVER WEEVIL (SITONA CYLINDRICOLLIS)
Authors: Gross A. T. H. , Stevenson G. A.
Published: March 2010

not available
SEPTORIA DEVELOPMENT ON OATS AS AFFECTED BY HOST PLANT NUTRITION
Authors: Clark R. V.
Published: March 2010

not available
A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS LIMITING LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY PRODUCTION ON CAPE BRETON ISLAND
Authors: Hall I. V. , Aalders L. E. , Barker W. G.
Published: March 2010

not available
OBSERVATIONS OF ROOT GROWTH IN THE GREENHOUSE TOMATO
Authors: Ward G. M.
Published: March 2010

not available
SWIFT TOMATO
Authors: Blakely R. M. , Carlberg C. W.
Published: March 2010

not available
VERTICILLIUM DAHLIAE AND GLIOCLADIUM ROSEUM ISOLATION FROM STRAWBERRIES IN NOVA SCOTIA
Authors: Gourley C. O. , MacNab A. A.
Published: March 2010

Wilt of strawberries caused by Verticillium dahliae Klebahn in Nova Scotia can be found only in original sets during late summer and fall. In mature fruiting plants the symptoms have not been observed and isolations have fatted to demonstrate presence of the fungus. Gliocladium roseum (Link) Bainier was frequently found colonizing the crown vascular tissue of wilt-infected sets. In the spring of the fruiting year it also occurred in dying plants, from which the wilt fungus could not be isolated. The presence of this mycoparasite in crowns may account for the fact that V. dahliae was readily isolated from petioles and roots but seldom from the crowns. A surface sterilization treatment of 5% chlorine for 1 hour did not inhibit the isolation of V. dahliae from infected petioles, and practically eliminated contamination of culture plates by fungi inhabiting the surface of the petioles.
A RAPID SEEDLING TEST TO DISTINGUISH RUSSELL FROM GARRY OATS
Authors: Burrows V. D.
Published: March 2010

not available
INJURY TO OATS (AVENA SATIVA) BY MCPA
Authors: Everett C. F.
Published: March 2010

not available
RESPONSE OF WATER SEDGE IN THE GROWTH ROOM TO FERTILIZER AND TEMPERATURE TREATMENTS
Authors: Pringle W. L. , Ryswyk A. L. van
Published: March 2010

Water sedge (Carex aquatalis Wahl.), the main component of wet bogs, used for hay in central British Columbia responds under growth-room conditions to a complete fertilizer. Potted sedge-sod plugs were grown for five consecutive cuts (242 days) at temperatures of 70° and 40°F and at light intensities less than 1000 ft-c. Reducing the root temperature from 70° to 40°F, which simulated field conditions, lowered the average yield of all treatments by 45%. Phosphorus appeared to be the most limiting element at both temperatures. Nitrogen gave significant increases only at the lower temperature. The addition of soil nutrients more than doubled the recovery of the same nutrients in the forage from plants grown at both 40° and 70°F as compared with controls. On forage not supplied with P, the Ca/P ratio exceeded 3.
EFFECT OF COOLING RATE ON STORAGE LIFE OF PEARS
Authors: Porritt S. W.
Published: March 2010

A study was made of the effect of rate of cooling after harvest on storage life of Bartlett pears. Delays in placing fruit in cold storage or failure to cool fruit rapidly once in cold storage markedly increased susceptibility to core breakdown, caused accelerated yellowing, and increased respiration rate of fruit in cold storage. These adverse effects of unfavorable cooling procedures were not necessarily accompanied by accelerated softening.
L’INFLUENCE DES DOSES DE SEMIS SUR L’ÉTABLISSEMENT, LES RENDEMENTS ET LA PERSISTANCE DE QUATRE GRAMINÉES FOURRAGÈRES ASSOCIÉES AU MÉLANGE LUZERNE–TRÈFLE ROUGE
Authors: Lachance Lionel
Published: March 2010

not available
BURLEY TOBACCO VARIETY HARWIN
Authors: Haslam R. J.
Published: March 2010

not available