bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SHAKARIM POETRY LIBRARY
Authors:   Alikhan Bokeikhan University, Tursynkhanova Kuralai , Mukhazhanova Raushan ,   Alikhan Bokeikhan University
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to identify the styles of Western and Eastern literature in Shakarim’s work and analyze their harmony. The main idea is to examine the artistic genesis of Shakarim’s work, focusing on its traditional features characteristic of Kazakh folklore, folk poetry, the work of zhiraus, and classical oriental poetry.

The scientific and practical significance lies in Shakarim’s ability to not only skillfully use early literary traditions but also to artistically present these elements to readers in a unique and enriched manner. The article analyzes the features of storyline exchange traditions in the works of Shakarim and the Eastern poet Saadi.

It also addresses the problems of time and human existence, society and time, their interrelation, and various social phenomena in Shakarim’s work, highlighting the individuality of his poetic position and author’s idea.

Theoretical and methodological foundations include the opinions of scholars such as A.Tazhibaev, Sh.Satbayeva, M.Magauin, B.Abdigaziev, and others. The main result is an explanation of historicity, time, and space issues in Shakarim’s epic poetry based on his unique artistic thinking.

The study employs methods of analysis, observation, and differentiation of factual material, including description, component analysis, and modeling of linguistic situations. The practical significance is that this article can serve as additional educational material for lectures and seminars in higher education.
GAMIFICATION AS A NEW METHOD OF LEARNING IN DIGITAL EDUCATION
Authors:   O.Zhanibekov South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University, Kuanbaeva Zhanar , Baygutova Dinara ,   O.Zhanibekov South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University, Ibragimova Ulbala ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the concept of gamification, the gamification method and its main aspects, the problems of using gamification in education. The introduction of gamification in the educational process opens up new opportunities and innovative solutions in modern pedagogical practice. The article analyzes the basic principles and methods of gamification, as well as their advantages in teaching the Kazakh language and literature. The study determined that gamification helps to increase learning motivation, arouses students' interest and develops their creativity. Presentation of theoretical material of different levels (from simple to complex) through game elements is one of the effective ways to ensure student learning. The use of gamification in the educational process facilitates the process of acquiring theoretical knowledge. Students are motivated to study theoretical material and are active in the learning process. It is also known that the use of gamification in teaching the Kazakh language and literature improves students' language skills. Gamification allows students to test, evaluate and provide feedback to improve their learning.

The purpose of the article is to study the use of gamification as an effective tool in teaching the Kazakh language and literature and to determine its impact on the learning process.In this regard, the article outlines the basic principles and methods of gamification in education. The effectiveness of using gamification in the subjects of Kazakh language and literature was assessed. In addition, the role of gamification in increasing the learning motivation and interest of students was assessed. Methodological recommendations and practical advice on the effective use of gamification in teaching the Kazakh language and literature were presented. The result of the study shows that it is designed to improve the learning process and take into account its pedagogical aspects through the effective use of gamification in teaching the Kazakh language and literature.
Sistem Komunikasi Teks, Suara, dan Video Pada Kursi Roda Otomatis untuk Difabel Tetraplegia Berbasis GSM
Authors: Muhammad Andrew Rahdi Rizanta  , Vitrasia  , Ferry Satria
Published: January 2025

Kursi roda merupakan alat bantu yang sangat penting bagi individu yang mengalami tantangan fisik atau masalah kesehatan yang membatasi kemampuan berjalan. Sementara sebagian besar pengguna menggunakan kursi roda karena masalah pada kaki, ada pula yang memerlukannya karena keterbatasan lain, seperti pada tangan atau kelumpuhan total (difabel Tetraplegia). Kursi roda berbasis suara telah dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian dan kualitas hidup penyandang disabilitas ini. Dengan menggunakan teknologi mikrokontroler dan GSM, kursi roda ini memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengontrolnya melalui perintah suara, menawarkan solusi bagi mereka yang mengalami keterbatasan gerak tanpa bergantung pada organ lain. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi pengiriman pesan dan panggilan telepon menggunakan modul GSM memiliki waktu respons rata-rata 8 detik dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100%, meskipun kecepatan respons dipengaruhi oleh kualitas sinyal. Modul GPS menunjukkan akurasi tinggi dengan penyimpangan hanya 0,1 meter dari titik acuan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kursi roda ini tidak hanya meningkatkan mobilitas tetapi juga menyediakan kemampuan untuk berpartisipasi penuh dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, mendukung interaksi sosial yang lebih baik bagi penggunanya.
SISTEM PELAYANAN WARGA CIKARANG UTAMA RESIDENCE BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Anita Sekar Rahayu  , Hanum Putri Permatasari  , Silvia Harlena  , Amelia Belinda Silviana
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine how to create a service system for Cikarang Utama Residence residents. The process of delivering information about RT.052 environmental activities, information related to the RT management team, and services such as delivering criticism, suggestions and complaints are still carried out in a limited manner. Thus, a service information system was created that aims to serve the needs of Cikarang Utama Residence RT.052 residents. The research method used in creating this website is the SDLC method or (System Development Life Cycle), and programming languages to develop the system using HTML, PHP and MySQL as the database. The trial conducted using the blackbox method to ensure that the system can operate as expected, and to conduct browser comparison testing. In addition, a trial of the User Acceptance Test (UAT) method was carried out using a questionnaire. The hosting address of the citizen service system website created is https://pelayanan-warga.kesug.com/.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENGGAJIAN EFISIEN BERBASIS UML PADA PERUSAHAAN SKALA KECIL
Authors: Arum Tri Iswari Purwanti  , Albertus Bayu Aji Priyono
Published: January 2025

An efficient and accurate payroll system is essential for small businesses to ensure employee satisfaction while maintaining smooth operational processes. This study aims to design and develop a payroll system based on Unified Modeling Language (UML), specifically tailored for small businesses with 50–100 employees. The system includes processes such as employee data collection, salary calculation, validation, approval, payment, and reporting. UML design is utilized to model the system workflow, including use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and class diagrams. The implementation results demonstrate that the system can reduce calculation errors by up to 90% and improve data processing time by 50%. Additionally, the system provides transparent reporting features to support financial decision-making. With its development flexibility, the system can be adapted for further integration, such as attendance modules or tax reporting. This study makes a significant contribution to enhancing the efficiency and professionalism of payroll management in small businesses.
Pemilihan Tingkat Diskonto untuk Pengukuran Nilai Manfaat Uang pada Proyek Penyediaan Infrastruktur dengan Skema KPBU
Authors: Wibowo Andreas , Zuna Herry Trisaputra
Published: January 2025

Abstrak
Nilai Manfaat Uang (Value for Money, VFM) yang lebih baik menjadi salah satu alasan Pemerintah menggunakan skema Kerja Sama Pemerintah dengan Badan Usaha (KBPU) untuk penyediaan proyek infrastruktur. Pemerintah telah menerbitkan metodologi pengukuran VFM secara kuantitatif berbasis Pembanding Sektor Publik (Public Sector Comparator, PSC). Salah satu isu penting dalam metodologi ini adalah penentuan tingkat diskonto bagi arus kas PSC dan KPBU. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dampak tingkat diskonto yang berbeda terhadap VFM. Ada empat tingkat diskonto yang dikaji yaitu project rate, risk-free rate, social discount rate, dan modified project rate dengan dua pendekatan yaitu penggunaan tingkat diskonto yang sama dan berbeda untuk PSC dan KPBU. Hasil memperlihatkan tingkat diskonto yang berbeda untuk kasus arus kas yang identik sekalipun menghasilkan VFM yang berbeda. Pendekatan yang menggunakan tingkat diskonto yang sama untuk PSC dan KPBU menghasilkan VFM negatif kecuali jika tingkat diskonto sama atau lebih besar dari project rate. Semakin besar perbedaan antara tingkat diskonto PSC dan KPBU akan mengakibatkan VFM menurun jika tingkat diskonto PSC lebih tinggi dibandingkan KPBU dan meningkat jika sebaliknya. Tulisan ini merekomendasikan adanya pedoman yang lebih detail tentang metodologi penentuan tingkat diskonto untuk menghindari kesalahan perhitungan VFM yang dapat berdampak pada keputusan yang tidak tepat.
Kata-kata kunci: Value for money, public sector comparator, tingkat diskonto, kerja sama pemerintah dan badan usaha, infrastruktur
Impacto de la reprobación en la materia de Termodinámica sobre el índice de deserción escolar en la carrera de Ingeniería Química
Authors: Nájera Ibarra Juana María , Guevara Amatón Karla Victoria , Pedroza-Figueroa Simón Alberto , Romero-Barrientos Alejandro
Published: January 2025

La deserción escolar es un tema de suma importancia para cada uno de los centros educativos. Identificar los factores que intervienen en que los alumnos abandonen su carrera universitaria es transcendental para establecer estrategias que permitan disminuir el porcentaje de deserción. Sin embargo, conocer dichas causas es una tarea difícil, pues dependen de la situación de cada estudiante. De acuerdo con la academia de docentes del departamento de Ingeniería Química-bioquímica del Instituto Tecnológico de la Laguna (ITL)/Tecnológico Nacional de México, un factor importante dentro de la deserción escolar en la carrera de Ingeniería Química es la reprobación de la materia de termodinámica. Esta materia es fundamental para el desarrollo y avance del alumno, pues es parte de nueve materias subsecuentes. Por lo tanto, reprobarla significa un importante rezago en la carrera. Esta investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental, y su objetivo fue encontrar el porcentaje que representa la reprobación de Termodinámica en los índices de deserción anual en la carrera de Ingeniería Química del ITL entre 2018 y 2023. Los datos determinaron que del total anual de deserciones en la carrera de Ingeniería Química del 15 al 30% corresponde a alumnos que reprobaron la materia.
DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS DE SAÚDE E O STATUS DA APRENDIZAGEM INFANTIL
Authors: Dias Edlaine Ronconi de Abreu , Costa Silvana Afonso , Da Silva Cláudia Regina , Padilha Juliana de Oliveira , Dias Jean Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

This study reviews factors that may determine risks in neurodevelopment and child development, with potential cause or aggravation of Difficulties (ADp) and Specific Learning Disorders (TAp), particularly evidenced at the beginning of the school phase. The research was structured by tracking articles, theses and dissertations published from 2011 onwards in the indexes: SciELO and Google Scholar. In addition, the data were complemented with information from scientific and physical books, Google Books and institutional websites. The integrative review adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, content analysis, eligibility by reading techniques, semantic categorization by word-theme, in addition to instruments of methodological quality and risk of bias. This review allows for the synthesis and exploration of evidence on the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) that impact the status of children's learning. The results highlight that unfavorable socio-environmental conditions, economic, sociodemographic, hereditary, genetic, biological, psychosocial factors and environmental exposures are significantly associated with impairments in the development and learning of children. These factors affect cognitive functions such as memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and planning, which are essential for the development of children's learning. It was observed the need for studies that focus on specific contexts where children are in vulnerable phases of cognitive development. Special attention should be paid to factors such as social and community networks, as well as exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants. In addition, the development of public and private educational and health interventions is recommended.
مغربی ذرائع ابلاغ ایڈورڈ سعید کی نظر میں
Authors: Arifa  , Sadaf Naqvi
Published: January 2025

Edward Said's book "Covering Islam "is not just a book but a reality-based document that delves into the exaggerated portrayals, unchanging attitudes, and deep-seated hostility towards Muslims and Islam, aspects that are often overlooked in civilized societies. In the Western world, Islam is synonymous with hijacking and terrorism. This is why a country like Iran has become an open threat to Western nations. According to Edward Said, the relationships between the Islamic world, the Arabs, the East, and the West, particularly France, Britain, and America, form the basis of the book. In Orientalism, the book discusses Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt, the stages of colonialism, and the emergence of modern Oriental studies in Europe, which began in the 19th century. This important book, Covering Islam, also covers the period after World War II, when British and French powers declined and America emerged as a global force. The book narrates the story of the fusion of knowledge and power in Orientalism. Furthermore, it addresses the issue of Palestine, exploring the Western perspective on the Zionist movement that led to the creation of Israel and the national struggle of the Palestinian Arabs for self-determination. The central theme of Covering Islam is the contemporary world, in which the behavior of the United States is analyzed.
Development of intercultural competence of university teachers. A teacher training experience
Authors: Prisco Sainz Karla Leticia , Gómez Flores , María Melisa María Melisa , Vargas Grande Mónica
Published: January 2025

Unlike training, which involves the preparation of an organization's personnel to perform a certain activity, teacher training deals with the “acquisition, definition and redefinition of skills, knowledge, abilities and values for the performance of the teaching function throughout their professional life” (Estepa Murillo et al., 2005), which has recently been characterized as competencies that teachers should develop as part of their professional profile. This training, however, is mostly focused on pedagogical aspects (teaching planning, development of teaching-learning or assessment strategies, development of teaching materials) and lately on the inclusion of technological tools and Artificial Intelligence to “improve” classes -especially since the Covid-19 pandemic- and leaves aside other important aspects for the development of the teaching person. This paper presents the redesign of a workshop whose main objective is to develop intercultural competence in higher education teachers, specifically around the French language, culture and education, while guiding them in their search for mobility options to French-speaking countries, which, incidentally, are less widespread compared to Anglo-Saxon options.
Edublog for applications of linear differential equations, in Biology
Authors: García Reyes Wendy Jaqueline , Cervantes Sandoval Armando , Rivera García Patricia , Perales Ávila Alejandro J.
Published: January 2025

Considering the need for accessible and focused educational material in the ecological-biological area, the development of an edublog is presented to assist in the understanding and application of first-order linear differential equations (LDEs) in the mathematical modeling of ecological processes. It provides detailed explanations of concepts such as exponential growth and decay, logistic growth, Newton’s law of cooling, and the mixing model, with step-by-step solutions to examples focused on biology, both typed and handwritten. The edublog is now available to students and is presented to a group of Mathematics II students from the Biology program at FES Zaragoza, who provide feedback after exploring each option on the menu. Subsequently, these students have used screenshots from the blog’s examples in some of their presentations, indicating that the resource is proving useful. This blog is complemented by another one on integration techniques, with the same focus on showing step-by-step solutions to exercises, aiming to create a virtual learning environment on integral calculus and the applications.
Information Packaging and Repackaging as enablers of Health Information Literacy among Rural Dwellers
Authors: Okuonghae Omorodion , Igbibovia Magnus Osahon
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The need for Health Information Literacy among rural dwellers is heightened by the current information explosion and pervasiveness of misinformation occasioned by advances in digital technologies. Given the prevalent individual characteristics of individuals in the rural areas, there is need for targeted information packaging and repackaging to bridge existing gap in health information hereby ensuring sustainable health and wellbeing. Consequently, this paper explored how information packaging and repackaging can enable health information literacy among rural dwellers. Methods: The paper adopted the rapid review of literature to synthesize existing literature around the subject matter. Literatures were retrieved from Google Scholar, EBSCO Host and ProQuest. The search terms were generated from the themes of the study`s specific objectives. The results were filtered based on relevance, currency (2014 to 2024) and language (English).Results: Some of strategies for effective packaging of health information to rural dwellers include transforming printed information into oral form, use of focal group discussions, and translation of existing information materials into local language spoken by the local community and leveraging on technology for delivering of health information. Information repackaging helps improve rural dwellers` health information access and use skills. It also enhances the usage of culturally sensitive content that resonate with rural community dwellersConclusion: Information packaging and repackaging are vital in achieving health information literacy, as it facilitates access to personalized health information and capacity building
Relevance and Impact of Generative AI in Vocational Instructional Material Design: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ranuharja Fadhli , Ganefri  , Rizal Fahmi , Langeveldt Dean , Ejjami Rachid , Torres-Toukoumidis Angel , Jalinus Nizwardi
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relevance and impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in the design of instructional materials for vocational education through a systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines. The review draws from reputable databases, including Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and ERIC, to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 28 eligible articles were analyzed. The findings highlight that GenAI significantly enhances instructional material design by supporting personalized learning, automating content creation, and improving accessibility. It enables the development of adaptive and high-quality resources tailored to diverse learner needs in vocational education. Furthermore, the study visualizes research trends using bibliometric analysis, providing insights into the evolution and distribution of GenAI-related research across time, regions, and themes. However, challenges such as the need for digital competency development among educators, ethical concerns regarding bias and content quality, and the potential over-reliance on AI tools are identified. This study underscores the importance of balancing AI-driven innovation with human-centered instructional design to ensure effective and sustainable educational practices. Practical recommendations include targeted professional development programs and ethical frameworks to guide the integration of GenAI into vocational education
Pengembangan E- Modul Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Jawa Timur
Authors: Imanuria Citra Nara , Sulistyowati Prihatin , Yulianti Yulianti , Ghozali Syukur , Izzatif Nurul
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini didasari oleh terbatasnya kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar interaktif berbasis teknologi, yang berdampak pada motivasi dan pemahaman siswa. Tujuan penelitian adalah menghasilkan e-modul berbasis kearifan lokal Jawa Timur yang layak, praktis, dan efektif. Model pengembangan penelitian ini adalah R&D dengan tahapan ADDIE, yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Instrumen penelitian mencakup angket validasi oleh ahli media, ahli materi, guru, dan angket respon siswa. Analisis data menggunakan teknik kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan subjek guru dan siswa kelas IV SD. Hasil validasi menunjukkan e-modul berbasis kearifan lokal Jawa Timur sangat layak, ditunjukkan oleh skor 92,5% dari ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli bahasa. Uji kepraktisan menghasilkan 87,08% pada kelompok kecil dan 88,38% pada kelompok besar, sedangkan validasi guru mencapai 96,7%. Nilai rata-rata N-Gain hasil belajar adalah 0,7641 dengan kriteria tinggi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi guru dalam merancang pembelajaran kreatif, serta memperkuat pemahaman siswa terhadap budaya lokal. Ini sejalan dengan peningkatan mutu pendidikan berbasis budaya. Dengan demikian, guru dan siswa memperoleh manfaat optimal dalam proses pembelajaran.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Pop Up Book Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ahmad Nurul Aulia , Pagarra Hamzah , Syamsuddin Afdhal Fatawuri
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini berangkat dari masalah utama, yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pada siswa kelas lima di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 011 Tumpiling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam melalui penerapan media pembelajaran Pop Up Book. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas, yang mencakup tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas satu guru dan 21 siswa kelas lima di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 011 Tumpiling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi terhadap aktivitas guru dan siswa, tes Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media Pop Up Book efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Pada siklus pertama, aktivitas mencapai persentase 77% (kategori cukup), kemudian meningkat secara signifikan pada siklus kedua menjadi 90% (kategori baik). Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran Pop Up Book dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam siswa kelas lima di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 011 Tumpiling, serta memberikan dampak positif terhadap proses pembelajaran secara keseluruhan di sekolah tersebut.
Penguatan Literasi Keuangan Syariah Dalam Meningkatkan Kapasitas Bisnis UMKM Arba Farm Bogor
Authors: Al Farisi Muhammad Salman , Harsanto Molbi Febrio , Kumala Destiana , Wasan Guruh Herman , Ferdinand Novingky , Darmawan Awan
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan literasi keuangan syariah bagi pelaku usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) Arba Farm di Bogor guna memperkuat kapasitas bisnis mereka. Literasi keuangan syariah dianggap penting untuk membantu UMKM memahami prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam pengelolaan keuangan dan pengambilan keputusan bisnis yang etis dan berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini meliputi pendekatan partisipatif dengan memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan intensif. Pelatihan mencakup materi pengelolaan keuangan berbasis syariah, manajemen risiko, serta strategi peningkatan efisiensi dan daya saing bisnis. Pendampingan dilakukan secara langsung melalui konsultasi individual dan kelompok untuk memastikan pemahaman yang optimal. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman pelaku UMKM terhadap konsep dan aplikasi keuangan syariah. Selain itu, peserta mampu menerapkan prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam praktik pengelolaan keuangan mereka, seperti pencatatan transaksi, pengelolaan modal, dan penentuan harga produk yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai keislaman. Kegiatan ini juga mendorong pertumbuhan kapasitas bisnis UMKM, terbukti dari adanya peningkatan penjualan dan efisiensi operasional. Kesimpulannya, penguatan literasi keuangan syariah terbukti efektif dalam mendukung pengembangan kapasitas bisnis UMKM Arba Farm Bogor.
Enhancing Regional Elderly Care Through Vocational Nursing: A Strategic PEST-SWOT Analysis and Formation Logic
Authors: Zhou Yong
Published: January 2025

This study examines the development of higher vocational nursing professional groups (HVNPGS) in promoting regional elderly care through a PEST-SWOT analysis framework. The objective is to identify the internal and external factors influencing the sustainability and effectiveness of vocational nursing programs. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with quantitative data from structured surveys conducted across various vocational nursing institutions. The PEST-SWOT analysis model was employed to evaluate the political, economic, social, and technological dimensions impacting the growth of HVNPGs. The findings reveal that political support, particularly government policies and financial subsidies, plays a critical role in the success of vocational nursing programs. Economic sustainability remains a challenge, especially in rural areas, while societal attitudes toward elderly care and nursing professions continue to affect program attractiveness. Technological integration offers opportunities for enhancing nursing education, though disparities in access present ongoing challenges. The study concludes that a comprehensive strategy addressing political, economic, societal, and technological factors is essential for the growth of HVNPGs. The implications suggest that policymakers and educators must prioritise funding, societal engagement, and technological infrastructure to ensure vocational nursing programs that can meet the increasing demands of elderly care.
A Comprehensive Review on exploring Fuel Cell Potential in Energy Sector
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Jamil Irum , Ahmad Fawad , Waheed Hizba , Irfan Muhammad , Nasir Humaira , Nisar Hafza Ayesha , Munawar Fareeha , Najaf Syeda Durr e
Published: January 2025

Fuel cells are emerging as a game-changing solution to address the pressing environmental and energy concerns caused by the transportation and industrial sectors, both of which are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. This review examines recent advancements in fuel cell technologies and their diverse applications, focusing on key types like Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs), Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs), Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs), and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). The fundamental principles, material requirements, and unique applications of each type are explored in detail, covering areas such as transportation, portable devices, stationary energy systems, and aeronautics. Fuel cells stand out for their high efficiency, minimal emissions, and adaptability to a wide range of energy needs. However, challenges remain, including high production costs, durability of materials, and effective hydrogen storage. This review highlights ongoing innovations aimed at overcoming these obstacles and emphasizes the transformative potential of fuel cells in supporting sustainable energy systems across various sectors.
EDITORIAL VOL 12
Authors: Provoste Acevedo Ricardo
Published: January 2025

En este número de la Revista Chilena de la Administración del Estado, abordaremos temas como el acompañamiento del ciclo de vida del alto directivo público chileno; la influencia de los actores políticos y técnicos en la Política de Modernización de la Gestión Pública Chilena 1990-2010; el teletrabajo en el sector público chileno; y algunas reflexiones en torno a la entrada en vigencia de la Ley Karin.
AVANCES Y DESAFÍOS PARA EL ACOMPAÑAMIENTO DEL CICLO DE VIDA DEL ALTO DIRECTIVO PÚBLICO CHILENO: UN ANÁLISIS DESDE EL SISTEMA DE EGRESO Y DESVINCULACIÓN DIRECTIVA
Authors: Campos Flores Ariela , Romero Molina Paola
Published: January 2025

La presente monografía tiene como objetivo identificar el alcance actual del subsistema de egreso y desvinculación del modelo de acompañamiento y desarrollo de gerentes públicos de Chile. Para dar respuesta a este cometido, se analizaron cuatro entidades estatales: la Dirección de Previsión de Carabineros de Chile, el Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Pública, el Ministerio de Salud y el Servicio Civil. Posteriormente, se determinó adoptar un enfoque cualitativo y con un carácter exploratorio, para luego proceder con la recolección de datos, en la cual, se aplicaron dos pautas de preguntas para las entrevistas, una para los servicios públicos y otra para la consultora privada. Respecto del muestreo utilizado, este corresponde al de tipo no probabilístico. Ahora bien, en cuanto a los resultados obtenidos, estos demostraron las limitaciones que tienen las entidades públicas para intervenir en la fase de egreso y desvinculación, específicamente se destacó que su participación en el subsistema es a través de procedimientos administrativos. También se mencionó la falta de acompañamiento en los procesos de desvinculación, por parte de las áreas de gestión de personas de las instituciones y la influencia que tienen los cambios políticos en la permanencia de los directivos en sus cargos.
ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA ENTRADA EN VIGENCIA DE LA LEY KARIN
Authors: Aranda Gahona Luis Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Sin duda, la implementación de la ley Nº 21.643 —que establece diversas medidas en materia de prevención, investigación y sanción del acoso sexual, laboral y violencia en el trabajo, la denominada Ley Karin— ha sido un gran avance para la regulación del acoso laboral, sexual y la violencia en el trabajo en Chile. En el presente trabajo intentaré dar algunas soluciones prácticas a la hora de enfrentar situaciones que, si bien es cierto, no constituyen acoso de acuerdo con la definición del artículo segundo del Código del Trabajo, sí pudieran significar una vulneración de otros deberes funcionarios fijados dentro del marco regulatorio de la función pública.
Asimismo, buscaré plantear cómo los diversos niveles de intervención primaria, secundaria y terciaria resultan obligatorios para los organismos de la Administración, más allá de una eficiente y efectiva gestión de desarrollo de las personas al interior de cada organización.
EL ECOSISTEMA DE LA CORRUPCIÓN MUNICIPAL EN CHILE: DILEMAS ÉTICOS, POLÍTICOS Y JUDICIALES
Authors: Riquelme Miño Andrea , Alarcón Salvatierra Martina
Published: January 2025

Este ensayo explora la corrupción en los municipios chilenos, abordando las tensiones éticas, políticas y judiciales que emergen de este problema de alto impacto social. Factores como el clientelismo, la eficiencia percibida y la afinidad ideológica pueden influir en el apoyo de los votantes a políticos formalizados, pero no condenados en delitos de corrupción. Asimismo, se examinan los desafíos del sistema judicial, donde la lentitud, poca capacidad técnica del sistema y la influencia mediática distorsionan la percepción pública y electoral. La conclusión subraya que, en un Estado de derecho donde prevalece la presunción de inocencia, los ciudadanos no deberían ser responsables de juzgar a los políticos formalizados si la justicia no ha llegado a una decisión oportuna respecto de su culpabilidad.
Prediction Use of Condom in Adolescents Based on Personality
Authors: Aliyari Farshad , Bakhtiari Maryam , Khalili Zahra , Arzpeyma Mahyar
Published: January 2025

Background: In both the world's poorest and richest countries, unsafe sex is one of the top ten risk factors for disease, disability, or death. Fertility and sterility significantly affect health-related quality of life for both men and women. Adolescents are at risk of poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes, often due to a combination of early, unprotected, or coerced sex, as well as a lack of appropriate sexual and reproductive health services. Objectives: This study aimed to predict condom use based on personality traits in Iranian adolescents. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted cross-sectionally among Iranian adolescents who are internet users. The questionnaires were made available online, and the links were sent to the participants. Results: Seven individuals were excluded from the study because they did not meet the inclusion criteria: Being an adolescent (age 12 to 17), having the ability to read and write, and having access to the internet. Out of 220 participants who completed the questionnaires, 213 were included in the final analysis. Conclusions: The findings of the current study indicate that openness to experiences could predict condom use among Iranian adolescents.
The Relation Between COVID-19 Epidemic and Sexual and Reproductive Health of Men and Women: A Narrative Review
Authors: Malakoti Narges , Shadab Parisa
Published: January 2025

Context: COVID-19 epidemic is a significant global concern. One of the most important aspects of health is sexual and reproductive health. COVID-19 would threaten sexual and reproductive health by risking the ability of service systems for providing relative health needs. A wide range of services and aspects of sexual and reproductive health has been affected by the global epidemic of COVID-19. The present study was conducted to determine the relation between COVID-19 epidemic and sexual and reproductive health of men and women to evaluate all the aspects of sexual and reproductive health and provide the best approach. Evidence Acquisition: To conduct the present narrative review study, databases including PubMed, Scopus, SID, MagIran, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, and Science Direct and also the scientific search engine of Google Scholar were searched using the keywords of COVID-19, reproductive health, sexual health, and fertility from November 2022 to January 2023. The articles were published from 2019 to 2022. The search for articles was conducted by two researchers, and the articles were extracted. No limitation was considered for the entry of the articles in the study based on their design. The inclusion criterion was the evaluation of the effect of COVID-19 on different sexual and reproductive aspects of men and women, and the exclusion criterion was the lack of access to the article’s full text. Results: Evaluation of 42 articles showed that COVID-19 had a significant effect on reproductive (family planning services, prenatal and post-partum care, safe abortion, unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, domestic violence, intention for pregnancy and having children, and maternal and fetal complications) and sexual (sexual and reproductive glands, sexual function, and sexual quality of life) health. Conclusions: COVID-19 could affect different aspects of reproductive and sexual health in men and women. Therefore, it is recommended that, considering the occurred changes, effective policies and Plans would be implemented to provide quality services.
Predicting Quality of Life Based on Family Leisure and Mindfulness in Adolescents with Skin Diseases
Authors: Akhavan Maryam , Jayervand Hamdollah , Safarzadeh Sahar , Hooman Farzaneh , Farashbandi Afsaneh
Published: January 2025

Background: Skin diseases can have a profound negative impact on the lives of adolescents, leading to emotional distress, social isolation, and reduced self-esteem. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family leisure, mindfulness, and quality of life in adolescents with skin diseases. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, the statistical population included all adolescents with skin diseases who referred to hospitals and specialized skin centers in Babol city in 2023. A total of 206 adolescents were selected as the sample. The tools used in this study included the Teenagers' Quality of Life (T-QoL) Questionnaire to assess quality of life, the Family Leisure Scale to measure family leisure, and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) to evaluate mindfulness. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Results: The study included 206 adolescents with an average age of 16.25 years. The sample was fairly evenly split between genders, with slightly more females (51.46%) than males (48.54%). The results showed that family leisure had a positive and significant relationship with quality of life (P < 0.001). Mindfulness also had a positive and significant relationship with quality of life (P < 0.001). Family leisure and mindfulness predicted 27.0% of the variance in quality of life in adolescents with skin diseases, with mindfulness having a greater influence on predicting their quality of life. Conclusions: The study found that both family leisure and mindfulness positively impact the quality of life of adolescents with skin diseases. However, mindfulness appears to have a stronger influence on their well-being. The researchers suggest incorporating these activities into clinical interventions and therapeutic approaches to improve the overall health and well-being of these adolescents.
Investigation of TMEM70 Gene Mutations Involved in Mitochondrial ATP Synthesis Pathway in Two Khuzestan Families
Authors: Mohammadi Parastoo , Moradzadegan Atousa
Published: January 2025

Background: Mitochondrial complex V deficiency refers to a shortage (deficiency) of a protein complex called complex V or a loss of its function. The TMEM70 gene provides the blueprint for mitochondrial ATP synthase, a protein essential for cellular energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. The diagnostic method based on whole-exome sequencing (WES) provides more appropriate genetic counseling by saving time and money. Methods: This study investigated three patients presenting with similar clinical symptoms using WES. After DNA extraction, WES was performed, and a novel mutation (c.311T > G: p.V104G) in the TMEM70 gene was identified. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the variant in the parents. Results: The novel TMEM70 mutation (c.311T > G: p.V104G) was identified as a potential cause of the disease in these patients. Conclusions: This study highlights the utility of WES in the rapid and cost-effective identification of pathogenic variants associated with mitochondrial disorders. The identification of a novel TMEM70 mutation underscores the importance of this gene in mitochondrial function and further emphasizes the need for comprehensive genetic screening in individuals presenting with clinical symptoms consistent with mitochondrial ATP synthase deficiency. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific functional consequences of this mutation and to investigate the prevalence of TMEM70 mutations in various populations.
From the Shadow of Virus Infection to Darkness of the Diabetes
Authors: Komijani Majid , Jalali Amir , Hadi Diabil Gasan , Zaghira Sarah Abulmahdi , Nodeh Farahani Mehdi
Published: January 2025

: The global surge in diabetes presents a significant healthcare challenge. Viral infections complicate diabetes by influencing systemic metabolism and disrupting glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D). High glucose levels impair macrophage activity, raising the risk of chronic infections. Viral-induced type-I immune responses initiate insulin resistance, which affects muscle, liver, and pancreatic functions. Diabetogenic viruses impair pancreatic cells or affect gut microbiota. Viral survival tactics disrupt antigen presentation and use viral miRNAs to target diabetes-related gene expression. The hidden association between latent viruses, particularly herpesviruses like Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and diabetes is explored, emphasizing CMV's role in type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. Inflammatory pathways triggered by viral infections play a critical role in islet-specific autoimmunity and the development of T1D. The HCMV’s pervasive reach, from local areas to the entire body, involves infected monocytes infiltrating organs, persisting in the bone marrow, and enabling virus spread during reactivation events. When a viral infection occurs, the immune system mounts a type 1 response characterized by the activation of CD4+ T-cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). These cytokines can lead to the recruitment of immune cells to pancreatic islets, resulting in inflammation and damage to insulin-producing beta cells. Furthermore, the chronic inflammation caused by sustained cytokine release can impair insulin signaling pathways. Specifically, pro-inflammatory cytokines interfere with insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, leading to decreased insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. This cascade of events ultimately contributes to the development of insulin resistance, setting the stage for T2D. This investigation highlights the complex relationship between viral infections and diabetes. Research indicates that viral infections can increase the risk of developing T2D.
مستقبل دور القوى التعديلية في إدارة الصراع الجيوبوليتكي في شرق اوربا بعد العام 2014
Authors: عمار حميد ياسين
Published: January 2025

The focus on understanding the dimensions of the roles of the promotional powers in changing the structure of the international system and American competition in vital and geopolitical areas continues to have vital importance in the depths of the active thinking of the international powers (the forces of progress - review), by formulating the effective forces of future roles within the framework of the management of the geopolitical conflict. In different regions of the world, especially in Eastern Europe the importance of which has clearly emerged in light of the facts of the Russian-Ukrainian war, as the conflict comes within the framework of current international transformations and conflicts over areas of power, influence and international standing between international powers influencing international issues and affairs. There remains no doubt that the future of managing the geopolitical conflict between international powers is One of the possible foundations for explaining the strategic implications of the Russian-Ukrainian war.                  As a role emerges of the revisionist forces in playing an effective and important role in influencing the approaches to geopolitical conflict management in Eastern Europe, especially Ukraine, which enjoys an advanced geostrategic position in formulating models of polarization, influence and influence within the framework of the competition equation within the framework of the formation of counter-alliances and the extent of their influence on the effects of geopolitical conflict management Here, the revisionist powers (China and Russia) emerge, which will have important roles in determining the strategic compass and managing the geopolitical conflict in areas of strategic influence, especially Eastern Europe, as part of its quest to prove the elements of its comprehensive power as a basic partner in managing the interactions of the global system and influencing the incomes of its secondary and primaryeffects.
واقع ومحددات التداول السلمي على السلطة السياسية في البلدان العربية
Authors: محمد محي الجنابي
Published: January 2025

عرفت البشرية عبر تاريخها الطويل أنظمة وأساليب عديدة يصل عن طريقها الحكام إلى السلطة السياسية في الدولة، تختلف باختلاف الحقب التأريخية وقد تنوعت هذه الأساليب ما بين الأسلوب الوراثي المعمول به في الأنظمة الملكية، مروراً بالأسلوب الاستبدادي المتمثل في استخدام القوة والعنف بأشكاله المختلفة ، أو عن طريق البيعة ، أو القرعة التي اُستخدمت في الديمقراطية المباشرة عند اليونانيين وصولاً إلى الانتخاب المعمول به في الكثير من النظم الحديثة، لكن  الواقع السياسي العربي يشير  إلى استبعاد مسألة التداول على السلطة، إذ لم تشهد أغلب البلدان العربية الانتقال الحقيقي للسلطة بشقها التنفيذي باستثناء كل من لبنان والعراق بعد عام 2003م، وعليه فإن محنة انتقال السلطة في العالم العربي ليست نتاج ظرف بعينه أو متغير منفرد، وإنما هي حصيلة لتفاعل جملة من العوامل والظروف التاريخية والسياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية التي أوجدت المستبد وأدامت له أسباب البقاء على سدة الحكم.
الذاتُ الفردية وصِلَتها بالهُوية الجماعية بين المنظورَين الليبرالي والجماعاتي
Authors: حسام الدين علي مجيد
Published: January 2025

إنَّ القيم الليبرالية بوصفها المرجعية الفكرية للدولة- الأمة، توفر بيئةً مجتمعية وسياسية تساعد على زيادة عناية الأفراد بحقوقهم الأساسية، جنباً إلى جنب مع عنايتهم بالاختلافات الهوياتية والفردية، نظراً لانشغال كلٍّ منهم بخصوصياتهِ الفردية وذاتهِ المُتحرِّرة. ومن هذا المدخل يُشدِّدُ أنصار الجماعاتية على فكرة أنَّ استمرارية تركيز الليبرالية على أهمية الذات المُتذَرية والمتحرِّرة من غاياتها الاجتماعية والتزاماتها القيَمية، وكذلك تجاهلها لأهمية كبح الذات وضبط شرورها أيضاً، فضلاً عن جعلها لِمفاهيم الخير العام وتلك الالتزامات جزءاً من المجال الخاص لا المجال العام، فإنَّ ذلك كله بالنتيجة يقود إلى تفكيك علاقات الفرد والمجتمع على حدٍّ سواء، مما يُفضي بدورهِ إلى التوسيع من دائرة أزمة الشرعية في نهاية المطاف، عوضاً عن بناء هوية قومية شاملة ومتماسكة تجمع بين الفرد والمجتمع على صعيدٍ واحد.