bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Patients Receiving Opioid Maintenance Treatments Considering Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Rajabpour Mojtaba , Mirmohammadkhani Majid , Paknazar Fatemeh
Published: June 2023

Objective: Cognitive flexibility is associated with psychiatric disorders. Drug addicts experience more psychiatric disorders. This research aimed to examine depression and suicidal ideation among those receiving opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), taking into account the mediating role of cognitive flexibility.
Method: This cross-sectional research was conducted on patients who were enrolled in the OMT program in Semnan in 2021 and abstained from opioid use for at least one year. 126 participants (115 males and 11 females) were randomly selected from among patients in three therapeutic groups (42 from each of the methadone, buprenorphine, and opium tincture groups). The main data collection tools were the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and Beck Depression Scale (BDI-II). Data analysis was done through logistic regression models.
Results: Correlation analysis between depression scores, suicidal ideation, and cognitive flexibility showed a significant correlation between each of them. Adjusting for the type of treatment, the increase in cognitive flexibility was associated with a decreasing chance of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.87; 95% CI [0.82, 0.92]), and the use of buprenorphine (OR = 15.1) and opium tincture (OR = 9.3), compared to methadone, were associated with a depression increase. Yet, multivariate analysis did not show an independent and significant association between cognitive flexibility and the risk of suicide.
Conclusion: Based on the results, patients receiving maintenance treatments are in different conditions in terms of depression and suicide, and psychological flexibility is in correlation with depression and suicidal thinking and behavior in them. This suggests that these patients seem to benefit from cognitive training, at least in reducing their depression.
Translating and Testing the Validation of the Arabic Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale
Authors: Omari Omar Al , Shindi Yousef Abu , Al Sabei Sulaiman , Qadire Mohammad Al , Hashmi Iman Al , Khalaf Atika
Published: June 2023

Objective: Attitudes toward mental difficulties are influenced by culture, and different cultural backgrounds have different effects on people's behavior. This study aimed to prepare the Arabic version of the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS) and validate it among Omani adolescents.
Method: The study was conducted from October 2020 to the end of February 2021. The 24-items PMHSS was translated into Arabic and tested in a sample of 369 adolescents from different governmental schools in Oman. Both exploratory factor analysis (a principal component analysis (PCA) technique with Varimax rotation) and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to examine the construct validity of the PMHSS.
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the construct validity of the PMHSS. Cronbach’s α was 0.86 for the total scale and 0.84 and 0.81 for awareness and agreement, respectively. Therefore, the goodness-of fit-indicators support the two-correlated factor 16-item model to measure stigma (χ2 / df = 2.64 (p > 0.001), GFI = 0.92, AGFI = 0.89, CFI = 0.90, IFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.067).
Conclusion: The Arabic version of the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS) could assess adolescents’ stigmatizing attitudes toward various types of mental health problems within the Arabic context, and it can be utilized by researchers in Arab countries to screen for stigmatizing attitudes and to suggest suitable, effective, and outcome-focused interventions based on its results.
COVID-19 PTSD Predicts Positive Effects among Healthcare Professionals in Iran: Investigating the Roles of Self-Efficacy and Resilience in a Follow-Up Study
Authors: Lathabhavan Remya , Hosseini Marznaki Zohreh
Published: June 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
TENS in Femoral Shaft Fractures of Children
Authors: Kar Sunil , Ganesh Anantharamakrishnan , Singh Anurag
Published: June 2023

Background: Pediatric femoral shaft fractures are one of the common fractures that we encounter in the orthopedics outpatient department. These fractures have various treatment options ranging from traction and early hip spica casting to elastic titanium intramedullary nails [titanium elastic nailing system (TENS)] and reamed intramedullary nails. In this study, we are evaluating the functional outcome and results following the use of flexible intramedullary nails and conservative management for femoral shaft fractures in children.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study which was carried out in a tertiary care hospital from October 2015 to May 2017 for two groups of children who sustained traumatic femoral shaft fractures. A total of 40 patients were taken into consideration with 20 patients each in two groups.
Results: The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1 in our study population. The overall post-operative complication rate was more in the TENS group. Besides, we found that the TENS group of patients had a less limb length discrepancy (LLD) (P = 0.004) and a lower degree of angular deformity (P = 0.36).
Conclusion: TENS demonstrated advantages including sufficient axial stability, early mobilization, and more rapid return to function than spica cast treatment; however, it had the drawback of possible infection and pin site irritation. Overall, TENS offers a minimally invasive method for treatment of the femoral shaft fractures in children which stands superior to traditional spica casting.
Early Mobilization in Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures without Neurological Deficit Managed Conservatively
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Saini Naresh Kumar , Chadha Manish
Published: June 2023

Background: Since long, thoracolumbar burst fractures have been treated either by prolonged bed rest or by surgical fixation. In this study, outcomes of early mobilization with non-operative treatment are evaluated to avoid unnecessary surgery and complications of prolonged bed rest.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 40 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures with no neurological deficit. Patients were mobilized with Taylor’s brace as soon as acute pain subsided and reviewed for at least two years with standing radiographs. They were evaluated for anterior vertebral height loss (VHL), kyphotic angle (KA), pain by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and neurological deterioration at presentation, one month, six months, and two years.
Results: The mean progression of kyphosis over two years was 7.8 degrees. The mean VHL also progressed from a mean of 51.9% at presentation to 60.4% at the two-year follow-up, a mean progression of 8.5%. At two years of follow-up, the mean ODI and the mean VAS score were 10.1% and 0.7, respectively. No patient developed a neurological deficit.
Conclusion: Even though there is some deterioration in radiological parameters, there is constant improvement in functional parameters. For these fractures, non-operative management using a brace and early mobilization promises comparable results without the cost and risk of surgery.
Sudden-Onset Widespread Body Pain (Fibromyalgia) with or without an Inciting Event: A Case Series
Authors: Shojaei Hadi , Bagha Imran , Shojaei Arman
Published: June 2023

Background: The presence of sudden-onset fibromyalgia (FM) is poorly understood, characterized, and appreciated in both previous literature and the clinical setting. In this case series, we present 10 cases of sudden-onset FM seen in a community-based pain clinic, to characterize the presentation of this condition, stemming from both external trauma and idiopathic etiology.
Methods: This retrospective case series identified 10 patients diagnosed with FM attending the pain clinic. These patients were referred to chronic pain management clinic in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, from January 2019 until December 2021 and met the diagnostic criteria for FM. Information was collected on sex, gender, age, details of signs and symptoms, and FM severity score as well as clinical findings and outcomes.
Results: The case series identified 10 community residents (9 women and 1 man, F/M: 9/1, age range: 34-64 years, mean age: 51.7 years), with symptoms attributed to FM. Majority of patients suffered from total body pain and mental disorders such as depression. 60% of patients were on opioids at the time of referral. Combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological management improved their pain symptoms within 3-6 months on follow-up.
Conclusion: Overall, effectively identifying sudden-onset FM can help clinicians improve patient-oriented outcomes and avoid the use of unnecessary narcotics in addition to better treating their patients.
An Open Hallux Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation: A Rare Case
Authors: Kothimbakkam Prem Kumar , Ganesh Anantharamakrishnan , Chandhuru Arun Kumar , Murugesan Vijayashankar
Published: June 2023

Background: The interphalangeal (IP) joint dislocation of hallux is a rare occurrence probably due to the presence of strong ligamentous attachments around it. Closed reduction of this kind of dislocation proves to be unsatisfactory. Herein, we are presenting a case of an open dorsomedial type of IP joint dislocation following a road traffic accident.
Case Report: A 36-year-old woman with injury to her right great toe following a road traffic accident presented in the casualty of Chettinad Hospital, Kelambakkam, India. On examination, there was a 3 × 2 cm laceration present over the medial-plantar aspect. The bone was exposed. Hallux varus deformity was noted due to the dislocation of the IP joint. The reduction of IP joint dislocation was quite unstable and was fixed with two 1mm Kirschner wires (K-wires) under fluoroscopic guidance. The patient was sequentially followed up on the 4th and 6th weeks post-op. Joint integrity and stability were assessed which were found to be satisfactory after the removal of K-wire on the 6th week post-op.
Conclusion: Open IP dislocations of the hallux Miki type 2 are unstable types of injury to deal with. Closed reduction in these injuries is difficult owing to the impinging sesamoid bone along with other soft tissues. These types of injuries should be reduced and fixed with K-wires to have better stability followed by long-term immobilization of around 3 to 4 weeks.
Natural Development of the Sauvé-Kapandji Procedure after Machete Injury
Authors: Yavari Masoud , Koushkzari Mehdi , Tabrizi Ali
Published: June 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Investigation of the Relationship between COX-2 Expression, Clinicopathological Symptoms, and Prognosis of the Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Hekmat-Shoar Abolfazl , Moodi Ghalibaf AmirAli , Shamshirian Ali , Abbaszadegan Mohammad Reza , Memar Bahram , Motie Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between COX-2 gene expression, clinicopathological symptoms, and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was designed to achieve the scientific aims among patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from 2008 to 2018. In this study, patients' demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, tumor findings, type of surgery, and COX-2 gene expression level (using Real Time PCR technique) were recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16), statistical tests, including Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Gamma coefficient, one-way ANOVA, or Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Out of 110 patients included in the study, 55 patients were evaluated according to the criteria. Among them 21 (38.2%) patients had decreased levels of gene expression, in 18 (32.7%) patients gene expression was in the normal range, and in 16 (29.1%) patients increased gene expression was seen. The average survival months of patients after surgery were 23.41 ± 23.07 months. No statistically significant relationship was found between increased COX-2 gene expression and clinical signs, age, sex, survival (by month), tumor progression, type of surgery, histological features, family history of cancer, and other cases (P> 0.05); However, considering the annual survival in the annual classification showed a significant relationship with the expression of COX-2 gene (P=0.028).
Conclusion: Despite no significant relationship between COX-2 gene expression and studied parameters in the patients with gastric cancer in this study, the existence of a significant relationship between gene expression and annual survival of patients seems so important.
Evaluation of Laboratory Factors in Patients with Covid 19 in Yazd, Maybod, and Ardakan Cities in 2020
Authors: Zare Mehrjardi Hadi , Zavar Reza Javad , Talebi Hamid Reza , Zare Mehrjardi Mohammad Hossein , Zare Mehrjardi Amin
Published: June 2023

Introduction: This new viral syndrome named as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by WHO. Some laboratory parameters change in the patients with covid-19. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating laboratory parameters in the patients with COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted in the hospitals of Shahid Sadoughi of Yazd, Imam Jafar Sadegh of Meibod and Shahid Ziaei of Ardakan between April and May 2019. The study population was patients with Covid-19 with a positive PCR test, 275 people were included in the study using the available sampling method. The checklist of this study included demographic information, hospitalization information and test values (CBC, diff, ESR, AST, ALT, Cr, Urea, LDH, PT, PTT, INR). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 17 and the significance level was considered less than 0.05.
Results: A significant difference was observed between the values of WBC, Lymphocyte, Neutrophil, ESR, Urea, Creatinine, LDH, AST tests in the two groups that died and recovered. Among the patients who were hospitalized in the general departments, ICU or both, a significant difference was found between the patients who recovered and those who died (P=0.000). Significantly, more number of hospitalization days and older age were observed in deceased patients (P=0.000).
Conclusion: In the present study, we came to the conclusion that in addition to increasing the level of WBC, neutrophil, urea, creatinine, LDH and AST in deceased patients, a decrease in lymphocytes was also observed and these results can be used in future crises of Covid-19
Evaluation of Yazd Dentist’s Knowledge, Attitude and Performance of Aesthetic Management of Anterior Composite Restorations in 2020
Authors: Davari Abdolrahim , Farahat Farnaz , Zare Mina
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Nowadays, due to the rapid development of new resin restorative materials and extensive media advertising concerning the importance and impact of a beautiful smile, there is an increased demand for the restoration of anterior teeth; thus, the beauty of smile is rendered as a major concern for patients and dentists.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 165 general dentists in Yazd City, Iran were selected by random sampling. Of these, 158 dentists completed the study questionnaire, including 5 demographic items and 38 more items in three parts: knowledge, attitude and performance. Gleaned data were analyzed with SPSS 16 using T-test, one-way ANOVA, descriptive statistics (frequency/percentage).
Results: In this study, 39.9% of dentists were male and 60.1% were female. There was no statistically significant correlation between the scores of attitude and knowledge with gender, age, history of activity, and the university of dentists' study (P>0.05). Yet, a statistically significant correlation was observed between the average attitude scores of dentists who participated in training courses and the dentists who did not participate in training courses (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, dentists had average knowledge and poor attitude regarding the aesthetic management of anterior composite restorations. However, participation in courses and workshops on aesthetic management of anterior composite restorations had a great impact on dentists' attitudes. Moreover, most dentists were not satisfied with the Dental School's training regarding anterior composite restorations.
Liability of Commercial Air Transport Service Providers in the Carriage of Corpse
Authors: Yunita Sabrie Hilda , Fillipo Taufik Harven , Maharani Tanusaputri Anita , Maradona
Published: June 2023

In general, objects in air transportation are passengers, baggage, cargo, and/or post. However, in its development, the existing air transportation also carries out the transportation of corpses. If it is related to the responsibility of the air carrier, then the position of the corpse in air transport is important to be studied in order to determine the form and limits of the air carrier's responsibility. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the position of the corpse in the law of air transportation, as well as the responsibility of the carrier in transporting the corpse by air. The method used in this research is legal research with conceptual approach, statutory approach, comparative approach, and case approach. Based on the research that has been done, it can be found that the position of the corpse in international and national air transportation law has been positioned as cargo. Consequently, the responsibility of the air carrier in the transportation of corpses is also based on the responsibility of the carrier in the carriage of cargo. This is of course inappropriate when applied to the transportation of corpses, because with such arrangements, heavier body will receive greater compensation than lighter body.

Keywords: air transportation; corpse; responsibility; legal protection.
Efecto hidrodinámico y producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) en un suelo franco arcilloso aplicando un aditivo orgánico en Guasave, Sinaloa, México
Authors: Lugo Valenzuela Homero , Prado Hernandez Jorge Victor , Vazquez Peña Mario Alberto , Pineda Pineda Joel , Velazquez Lopez Noe
Published: June 2023

Las sequías recurrentes y la competencia por  agua son  principales amenazas al desarrollo del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en zonas agrícolas de Sinaloa, México. Sinaloa es el principal estado en producción nacional de maíz, pero se aplica una excesiva cantidad de agua en riego por gravedad, situación que debe disminuir sin mermar los rendimientos del cultivo. Existen muchas formas de mejorar las condiciones de humedad en los suelos, una de ellas es labranza mínima y de conservación, geles sintéticos, que permiten la retención de humedad en los suelos. Pero en condiciones de baja disponibilidad y alta competencia hídrica, se requiere estrategias para mejorar la retención de agua, los aditivos orgánicos son una alternativa por su alta retención de humedad. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo conocer el efecto que tienen diferentes dosis de un aditivo orgánico, en cultivo de maíz (costo-producción), durante el ciclo invierno 2018-2019 en Guasave, Sinaloa, México. Se elaboró un diseño experimental de 3 parcelas divididas, parcela 1 (tratamiento 1), parcela 2 (tratamiento 2), parcela 3 (tratamiento 3). Se encontró efecto positivo en el incremento de retención de humedad del suelo y una mayor producción de grano de maíz conforme incrementó la dosis del aditivo orgánico.
Impacto de la conductividad eléctrica de la solución nutritiva en la biomasa, pigmentos fotosintéticos y compuestos nitrogenados en lechuga
Authors: Garcia Terrazas Mariana Isabel , Santillán Carrillo Irving Edwin , Holguín Mina Rosalba , Sariñana Aldaco Oscar
Published: June 2023

La concentración de iones en la solución nutritiva en sistema sin suelo tiene un impacto directo en el rendimiento y calidad de los cultivos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la conductividad eléctrica de la solución nutritiva sobre la biomasa, pigmentos y compuestos nitrogenados en el cultivo de lechuga. Se utilizo un diseño experimental en bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 y 3 dS m-1) y nueve repeticiones. Se determinó la biomasa total (fresca y seca) y la acumulación de clorofilas, carotenoides, proteínas, aminoácidos, glutatión reducido y capacidad antioxidante hidrofílica ABTS. Los resultados indican que la conductividad eléctrica de la solución nutritiva que mejoró la acumulación de biomasa fue la de 2.5 dS m-1, la de 2 dS m-1 incrementó la concentración de proteínas y aminoácidos, mientras que la conductividad eléctrica de 3 dS m-1 mejoró la concentración de pigmentos, glutatión reducido y aumentó la capacidad antioxidante hidrofílica ABTS, pero disminuyó el rendimiento. El manejo adecuado de la conductividad eléctrica de la solución nutritiva es un factor de basta importancia en la mejora del rendimiento y calidad de los cultivos en sistemas sin suelo.
Genetic and molecular analysis of starch physicochemical properties and its relationship with endosperm modification in quality protein maize
Authors: Vega-Álvarez Elthon , Pineda-Hidalgo Karen Virginia , Salazar-Salas Nancy Yareli , Soto-López Omar Alejandro , Canizalez-Román Vicente Adrián , Garzón-Tiznado José Antonio , Gutiérrez-Dorado Roberto , Lopez-Valenzuela Jose A.
Published: June 2023

Quality protein maize (QPM) was created converting the soft opaque-2 endosperm into a vitreous phenotype, but the mechanisms involved in this modification are not completely understood. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from K0326Y QPM and W64Ao2 were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with starch physicochemical properties. RILs contrasting in vitreousness were also used to evaluate the expression of starch biosynthesis genes. Mapping identified 5-6 QTLs for each trait that explained 66 % of the phenotypic variation. Three QTLs on bins 4.05, 5.04, and 9.03 were found close to the starch biosynthesis genes Brittle-2 (Bt2), Amylose extender-1 (Ae1), and Waxy-1 (Wx1), respectively. The expression of Wx1 was three-fold greater in K0326Y QPM than W64Ao2 and eight-fold higher in vitreous than opaque RILs, which corresponded with the greater accumulation of granule bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) and the higher amylose content observed in the vitreous lines. The increased synthesis of amylose may result in starch granules with more amorphous regions that favor their compaction. These results suggest that endosperm modification in QPM is associated with the synthesis of starch containing more amylose during kernel development, which may facilitate the packing of the starch granules resulting in the vitreous phenotype.
Production of extracellular lipase by Enterococcus faecium E68 with olive oil waste as substrate
Authors: KIVANC Merih , Acu Esra
Published: June 2023

With green technologies, the damages caused by agro-technological wastes to the environment are eliminated. In our study, it was aimed both to prevent the harm of olive oil waste to the environment and to produce lipase enzyme, which is an important biotechnological product.. E. faecium E68 obtained from milk and dairy products was used in the production of lipase enzyme. E. faecium E68 was developed in lipase production medium containing 10% olive waste, pH6.5, at 37oC with 120 rpm agitation for 48 hours. The effect of temperature, pH metal ion, surfactant and NaCl was also determined.

The molecular weight of the partially purified extracellular lipase enzyme was estimated to be around 19-20 kDa  by SDS-PAGE.   The optimum temperature was 45°C, while the enzyme exhibited appreciable thermostability retaining of activity at 55°C for 48h. The lipase was most active in the pH range of 3-11 with an optimum activity at pH 10. 1mM, Ca 2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions modulated the activity of the enzyme but inhibited by Hg2+, SDS and Triton X-100. The enzyme is halophilic and 25% NaCl salt increased the activity.

Olive oil waste may be the preferred substrate for lipase production.
Influencia de la temperatura en la infectividad de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae en Vanilla planifolia y en híbridos V. planifolia x V. pompona
Authors: Barreda-Castillo José Martín , Menchaca-García Rebeca Alicia , Pérez Silva Araceli , Sánchez-Coello Nadia Guadalupe , Luna Rodríguez Mauricio
Published: June 2023

Vanilla planifolia es la principal fuente vegetal de vainillina, saborizante de amplia importancia comercial. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae, principal patógeno de V. planifolia, ha devastado cultivos enteros a nivel mundial. Vanilla pompona poseé resistencia a patógenos comunes del género. Variaciones climáticas extremas repercuten en las interacciones planta-patógeno. A partir del supuesto de que temperaturas superiores a 28 ºC intensifican la infectividad de F. oxysporum en vainilla, se determinó la influencia del incremento de la temperatura en la infectividad de F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae (cepa M21C5) en V. planifolia y dos híbridos de V. planifolia x V. pompona. Se inocularon raíces de esquejes de V. planifolia y de los híbridos con suspensiones de esporas del hongo. Se midió el avance de la enfermedad durante 60 días a 25, 30 y 35 ºC. Se emplearon cinco réplicas por tratamiento, incluyendo un lote testigo. Se utilizó ANOVA post hoc Tukey (P = 0.05) para analizar los datos. V. planifolia fue suceptible a 35 °C y altamente suceptible a 25 y 30 °C. Ambos híbridos mostraron resistencia al patógeno en las temperaturas evaluadas. Por la resistencia mostrada, los híbridos de V. planifolia x V. pompona son una alternativa viable ante el patógeno.
Polyphenolic-rich extracts from the leaves of Ilex paraguariensis and Larrea divaricata and their antioxidant and antiCOVID-19 potential
Authors: Contreras-Esquivel Juan C. , Cano-González Carlos N. , Ascacio-Valdes Juan , Aguirre-Joya Jorge A. , Aguillón-Gutierrez David , Breccia Javier , Espinoza-Perez Judith D. , Aguilar Cristóbal N. , Torres León Cristian
Published: June 2023

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St. Hil) and jarilla (Larrea divaricata Cav.) leaves are commonly used as tea infusions in some Latin American countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity (FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH) and the inhibitory potential of yerba mate and jarilla extracts on the 3CL protease (Mpro) from coronavirus SARS-COV-2 by a molecular docking approach. The main bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts were identified by HPLC-MS. According to the results, the extracts of yerba mate and jarilla showed high antioxidant activity in DPPH (> 91 %), ABTS (> 90 %), and FRAP (> 47 mg TE/g) assays. Additionally, the phenolic compounds present in yerba mate, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (-9.60 kcal/mol) and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (-8.20 kcal/mol) were more effective on Mpro than the antiviral drugs remdesivir and ribavirin. The compounds rutin and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid have a high affinity and interaction with one of the catalytic residues Cys145 of Mpro. The glycosylation of phenolic compounds affects biological activities: positively anti-COVID-19 and negatively antioxidant. The results suggest that extracts of yerba mate and jarilla leaves could enhance the body's antioxidant defenses and can be used to improve health.
Actividad antioxidante, tóxica y antimicrobiana de Rosmarinus officinalis, Ruta graveolens y Juglans regia contra Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Perales Flores Juanita Deniss , Verde-Star Dra. Maria Julia , Viveros Valdéz Dr. José Ezequiel , Barrón-González Dra. María Porfiria , Garza-Padrón Dra. Ruth Amelia , Aguirre Arzola Dr. Víctor Eustorgio , Rodriguez Garza Dr. Ramón Gerardo
Published: June 2023

Helicobacter pylori es una bacteria Gram negativa, con alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, la infección causa úlceras gástricas, duodenales y cáncer, se considera uno de los principales problemas de salud pública en México. El trabajo evalúa in vitro la actividad antioxidante, tóxica, antibacteriana yla capacidad de inhibir la biopelícula formada por H. pylori del extracto metanólico Juglans regia (EMJR) y los extractos etanólicos crudos de las especies Rosmarinus officinalis (EERO) y Ruta graveolens (EERG) colectadas en el estado de Nuevo León, México. Mediante tamizaje fitoquímico se determinócualitativamente la presencia de metabolitos secundarios. La capacidad antioxidante por el método de DPPH, mostró que el EMJR fue el más activo con una CI50 de 2.759 μg/mL. Los EERG y EERO desarrollaron halos de inhibición de 11 y 16 mm y una CMI de 0.136 y 0.51 mg/mL respectivamente, solo el EERO inhibe la formación de la biopelícula en un 83.7 %. Los ensayos de toxicidad sobre Artemia salina mostraron toxicidad de débil a moderada. Los demuestran el potencial uso de los extractos estudiados como fuentes alternativas en la búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos contra H. pylori.
Associated factors with human papillomavirus infection in adult women from northwest Mexico
Authors: Morales Figueroa Gloria Guadalupe , Bravo Parra Marlene , Olivas Matas Karla María , Esparza Romero Julián , Valenzuela Zamorano Manuel , Olivas López Oscar Manuel , Quihui Cota Luis
Published: June 2023

Research on the association between risk factors and HPV infection in adult women from Hermosillo does not exist, so a study of cases and controls (1: 2) matched by age was designed to analyze this public health problem at local level. Participants were 33 and 66 women with and without HPV, respectively (mean age = 41.8 ± 7.9 years). The difference in characteristics between groups was tested with conditional logistic regression (univariate). Antioxidant intake was adjusted by total energy using the residual method. Two multivariate logistic regression models were generated to identify factors associated with HPV. In both models, the higher consumption of lycopene (OR = 0.96, CI =0.95-0.99, p = 0.019) and the higher Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TACp) (OR = 0.05, CI 95% = 0.03-0.7, p = 0.024), even adjusted by the number of pregnancies, number of sexual partners, and total number of sexual partners per year, reduced the risk of HPV. Multiple pregnancies and sexual behavior increased the risk of HPV, and higher consumption of lycopene and CATp reduced it in the women in this study. Sex education should be strengthened, as well as the consumption of antioxidants in women from Hermosillo to prevent the development of cervical cancer.
《食品营养化学》创刊词
Authors: 礼兵 刘
Published: June 2023

食物是人类赖以生存和健康发展的基础。人需要每天进食，通过消化、吸收和代谢等生物化学过程从食物中摄取所需的营养物质，促进机体生长和发育。随着对健康和营养关注度的不断提高，人们逐渐意识到食物中所含的营养物质对我们的身体功能和整体健康至关重要。而深入了解食物的营养成分、功能以及化学相互作用对于我们制定合理的饮食计划、预防疾病、维持健康至关重要。食品营养化学是一门综合性交叉科学，关注食物中所含的营养物质及其对人体健康的影响，在生命健康领域中扮演着重要角色。
Arsenic in Rice: An Emerging Challenge in Context of Food Security
Authors: Ejaz Rebia , Sharif Mian Kamran , Sameen Aysha , Batool Rizwana , Tehseen Saima , Aziz Mahwash
Published: June 2023

Arsenic speciation in food and diet was assessed for human exposure through dietary approaches because it seems as a critical public health issue all over the world. Globally, rice is a vital commodity in world hunger and vastly important for survival of human race. Rice is widely used for the formulation of baby formulas, breakfast cereals, bread, cookies, cakes, rice drinks and other foodstuff. Arsenic is concentrated at higher rates in rice grains and containing more than 85% of total arsenic forms that poses serious health aliments o human as well as animal life on the planet. Meanwhile, Arsenic contaminated water and soil may induce hazardous affects to humans through water-soil-plant pathway.
Ethylene resistance control technology and its application in the regulation of fruit and vegetable preservation
Authors: Dong Yixuan , Ding Yuxuan , Sun Yihe , Lu Huan , Ma Min , Liu Jiaying , Liu Libing
Published: June 2023

Fruits and vegetables are an indispensable part of a healthy diet due to their rich nutrients. However, fruits and vegetables are not suitable for preservation after harvest, and their losses account for nearly half of the total global food losses. One of the most important reasons is that ethylene is still biosynthesized after fruits and vegetables are picked, accompanied by respiratory jumps. As a plant hormone, ethylene can cause fruits and vegetables to ripen after harvest, and is one of the main causes of their overripe, softening and rotting. Therefore, the control of ethylene in the environment where fruits and vegetables are located is of great significance to prolong the shelf life of fruits and vegetables and reduce economic losses. This paper reviews the research progress of ethylene resistance control methods and their application in the regulation of fruit and vegetable preservation, and provides reference for the further development of green, efficient, safe and economical ethylene resistance control methods and technical applications.
Screening of Natural High-producing NMN strains and Microbial Synthesis of NMN by Nampt
Authors: Li Chao , Long Zouguo , Zhang Haichao , Lin Yuhui , Zhao Liqing
Published: June 2023

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is an endogenous substance in humans with high safety and thermal stability, and its application in cosmetics, medical health, and functional foods has received widespread attention. However, the synthesis process of NMN has problems such as high cost, time-consuming and low yield, which limits the large-scale industrial application of NMN to a certain extent. Nicotinamide phosphate ribose transferase (Nampt) is a critical enzyme in a technical route in the biological synthesis of NMN, which can catalyze the synthesis of NMN by Nicotinamide (NAM) and Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). Screening and expression of a Nampt with excellent enzymatic properties and stability is the key to the synthesis of NMN by this method. At present, the main problems in the technical route of NMN production by Nampt are that the catalytic activity of Nampt is low. And the source of Nampt is small and limited, so we isolated the microorganism with high NMN production, Enterobacter chengduensis 2021T4.7, and optimized its fermentation conditions. The yield of NMN is up to 67.66 μM. In addition, we synthesized Nampt and constructed related recombinant high-yield engineering bacteria. We semi-rationally designed the Nampt structure derived from mice and obtained mutant mNampt-V365L with NMN yields as high as 135.99 μM increased by 62% compared with wild type. Here, we screened high-yield NMN natural strains, and obtained high-yield strains through the semi-rational design optimization of Nampt enzyme, which provided new chassis microorganisms and new ideas for the conversion rate of NMN.
大米中的砷：食品安全方面迎来的新挑战
Authors: Ejaz Rebia , Sharif Mian Kamran , Sameen Aysha , Batool Rizwana , Tehseen Saima , Aziz Mahwash
Published: June 2023

砷在食品中的残留几乎已经是全世界的重要公共卫生问题，借此需要通过饮食方法来评估评估人类接触食物和饮食中砷的形态。在全球范围内，大米是解决世界饥饿问题的重要商品，对人类的生存极为重要。大米广泛用于婴儿配方奶粉、早餐麦片、面包、饼干、蛋糕、米粉饮料和其他食品的加工。 而砷在米粒中的浓度较高，占砷在食品分布中总量的 85% 以上，对地球上的人类和动物生命造成严重危害。同时，砷污染的水体和土壤可能通过水-土-植物途径对人体产生危害。
Kajian Penentuan Arah Kiblat Menggunakan Arah Planet Venus
Authors: Siti Anisa Hidayati Siti Anisa Hidayati , Yushardi
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out how to determine the Qibla direction of aplace using the position of the planet Venus and how to prove the calculation of the position ofVenus in the sky. This research is motivated by the question of how to determine the Qibladirection at night if the conditions do not have sophisticated technological equipment. Thisresearch is a descriptive analysis research where all the data is collected through observationtechniques. The research results show that the position of the planet Venus can be used as analternative reference to determine the Qibla direction. Based on observations using astronomicalcalculations, it is known that Venus looks very luminous on the western horizon when the sky isclear and the sun has set perfectly. We can also see one of the planets Venus at dawn on theeastern horizon, so Venus is also often referred to as the morning star. Data on the position of theplanet Venus such as the altitude and azimuth of the planet Venus somewhere are then calculatedusing the horizon coordinate system. The data is used as a theodolite reference. Furthermore, toobtain the actual Qibla direction, the theodolite lens is directed to the position of the planet Venusand rotated clockwise (same as the difference in the azimuth angle with the Qibla azimuth ofVenus). Thus, the position of the planet Venus can be used as an alternative to determine the Qibladirection.
Kalender Jawa Islam Menurut Ronggowasito Dalam Serat Widya Pradhana
Authors: Mahmudah Yumna , Izzuddin Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Historians present the origin of the Javanese Islamic calendar by associating it with Sultan Agung, in contrast to the explanation in the fiber Widya Pradhana, Ronggowasito precisely mentions that the Javanese Islamic calendar was formulated by Sunan Giri II. So it can be examined is there a difference between the calculation of the calendar formulated by Sultan Agung and Sunan Giri II as described by Ronggowasito. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, with secondary data taken from the manuscript fiber Widya Pradhana. The results of the study will be divided into two, the difference in terms of calculation and in terms of the function of the Javanese Islamic calendar in both versions.
Simulasi Perhitungan Awal Waktu Salat Berdasarkan NOAA Solar Calculator Menggunakan Spreadsheet
Authors: Taufikurrahman Arief
Published: June 2023

The development of science encourages the presence of new methods in determining the beginning of the prayer time. One of them is the reckoning method which utilizes astronomical data to determine the beginning of the prayer time. This study aims to simulate the initial calculation of prayer times based on ephemeris data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) using a spreadsheet. The prayer times resulting from the simulation are not much different from the prayer times published on the BIMAS Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia website
Rare variants in the FBN1 gene are associated with sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Wu Dongyang , Sun Yang , Li Chenze , Xiao Lei , Dai Jiaqi , Chen Yanghui , Chen Peng , Wang Hong , Yu Bo , Wei Haoran , Li Rui , Song Xiuli , Yu Ting , Shi Leming , Wang Dao Wen
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represents a diverse set of myocardial diseases characterized by notable genetic heterogeneity. Although over 50 genes have been associated with DCM, these collectively explain 35% of idiopathic DCM cases. Variants in the FBN1 gene encoding fibrillin-1 are primarily linked to connective tissue disorders. Considering the potential of these disorders to impact myocardial tissue, this study probes into the possible association between FBN1 variants and DCM. Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between FBN1 variants and DCM in a Chinese Han population. Methods and Results: We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) to identify rare FBN1 variants among 1,059 DCM cases and 514 controls. Utilizing a case-control strategy and the optimal sequence kernel association test (SKAT-O), we found a significant enrichment of rare deleterious FBN1 variants in DCM patients (19 of 1,059 vs. 0 of 514, PSKAT-O = 7.49E-04). Clinical characteristics analysis indicated a higher occurrence of atrial fibrillation and a higher rate of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation among DCM patients carrying FBN1 variants (FBN1+) compared to non-carriers (FBN1-). However, these FBN1 variants did not significantly affect primary endpoints, defined as cardiac mortality or heart transplantation, yet appeared to increase the risk of secondary endpoints, including all-cause mortality or heart failure recurrence. Conclusion: The findings suggest an association between rare deleterious variants in the FBN1 gene and DCM in a Chinese Han population. Our findings underline the importance of further research to validate these results and elucidate the role of FBN1 in DCM. Potential Impact of the findings: This research provides fresh insights into the potential role of FBN1 rare variants in DCM, pointing to new directions for future genetic studies and potential therapeutic strategies in DCM management.
Lessons learned from the history of rabies vaccination in Colombia using the one health approach
Authors: Cediel-Becerra Natalia , Collins Roseanna , Restrepo Daniela , Pardo María Camila , Polo Luis Joaquin , Villamil Luis Carlos
Published: June 2023

Canine and human rabies vaccination in Colombia began at the National Institute of Health in the second decade of the 20th century. The National Veterinary School (the National University of Colombia) also contributed to the vaccination and diagnosis of canines, in addition to the diagnosis of rabies in wildlife. A combination of international cooperation and, from the 1960s onwards, increased funding of several national institutions to support the production of animal vaccines served to further progress rabies research, vaccination campaigns and diagnosis in Colombia. The country’s success in controlling canine-transmitted rabies, resulting in an approximately 90% reduction in national human rabies cases, was recognised throughout the Americas; consequently, the activities were modelled in other nations of the region. Additionally, the Ministry of Health played a key role in controlling bovine outbreaks to minimise infection risk in animal carcasses for human consumption in northern Colombia. However, in 2000, the public laboratories for vaccine production for humans and animals were closed, creating a gap in cost-effective disease control strategies in the country. In reviewing the history of rabies control in Colombia through a One Health approach, we present some lessons learned and propose improvements for the country’s long-term rabies vaccination programmes through the integration of human and animal (both domestic and wild) activities in vaccine production and roll-out. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of engaging various government, academic, private, non-government agencies and general public stakeholders in rabies control and prevention programs, especially those in remote rural settings. Finally, we present a proposal to create the national One Health Strategic Action Plan to support the operationalization of a cross-sectoral integrated zoonoses control programme in Colombia.
The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children
Authors: Ibrahimi Danjela , Aviles Marcos , Rodríguez-Reséndiz Juvenal
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This research compared the dissociated phoria at near and distance fixation in free space using three techniques: the Howell test, alternate Cover test, and Thorington test. Methods: 220 healthy Mexican children (age 5.06-17.11) participated in this study. Phorias were quantified at both distances using each test, from the least to the most disruptive. The stereopsis degree and near point of convergence (break/recovery) were analyzed to understand their role on the visual system's sensorimotor balance. Results: For the exophoria/esophoria at near, the alternate Cover and Thorington tests showed similar values. The exophoria at distance, was similar with the alternate Cover and Howell tests, while esophoria, with the alternate Cover and Thorington tests. The break value and near exophoria relates to each other and affect the stereopsis degree, whereas age is associated with the stereopsis degree and break value. Conclusions: The analysis revealed that alternate Cover and Thorington tests can substitute one another, but not with the Howell test. The test's specific dissociation method may explain these results. Analyzing the binocular visual system provides information about its sensorimotor balance and fragility when faced to the technique’s degree of dissociation.
All Physical Information Is Discretely Connected From the Beginning and All Geometrical Appearance Is a Delayed Statistical Consequence
Authors: Orthuber Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

Information is physically measurable as a selection from a set of possibilities, the domain of information. This defines the term "information". The domain of the information must be known together reproducibly beforehand. As a practical consequence, digital information exchange can be made globally efficient, interoperable and searchable to a large extent by online definition of application-optimized domains of information. There are even more far-reaching consequences for physics. The purpose of this article is to present prerequisites and possibilities for a physical approach that is consistent with the precise definition of information. This concerns not only the discretization of the sets of possible experimental results, but also the order of their definition along time. The access to or comparison with the domain of information is the more frequent, the earlier it was defined. The geometrical appearance of our space is apparently a delayed statistical consequence of a very frequent connection with the common primary domain of information.
Forest Clearing Dynamics and Its Relation to Remotely-Sensed Carbon Density and Plant Species Diversity in the Puuc Biocul-Tural State Reserve, Mexico
Authors: Portillo-Quintero Carlos , Hernández-Stefanoni J. Luis , Dupuy Juan Manuel
Published: June 2023

The Puuc Biocultural State Reserve (PBSR is an unique model for tropical dry forest conservation in Mexico. Preserving forest biodiversity and carbon within the PBSR depends on the mainte-nance of low impact productive activities coordinated by multiple communal and private land-owners. In this study, we used state-of-the-art remote sensing data to investigate past spatial patterns in forest clearing dynamics and its relation to forest carbon density and forest plant species richness and diversity in the context of the forest conservation goals of the PBSR. We used a Landsat-based continuous change detection product for the 2000-2021 period and compared it to carbon density and tree species richness models generated from ALOS-2 PALSAR 2 imagery and national scale forest inventory data. The estimated error-adjusted area of detected annual forest clearings from the year 2000 until the year 2021 was 230,511 ha in total (+19,979 ha). The analysis of annual forest clearing frequency and area suggests that although forest clearing was significantly more intensive outside of the PBSR than within the PBSR during the entire 2000-2021 period, there is no evidence suggesting that the frequency and magnitude of forest clearing has changed over the years after the creation of the PBSR in 2011. An emergent hotspot analysis shows, however, that high spatiotemporal clustering of forest clearing events (hotspots) during the 2012-2021 pe-riod was less common than prior to 2011 and these more recent hotspots have been confined to areas outside the PBSR. After comparing forest clearing events to carbon density and tree species richness models, results show that land owners outside the PBSR often clear forests with lower carbon density and species diversity than land owners inside the PBSR. This suggests that, compared to land owners outside the PBSR, land owners within the PBSR might be practicing longer fallow periods allowing forests to attain higher carbon density and tree species richness and hence better soil nutrient recovery after land abandonment. In conclusion, our results show that the PBSR effectively acted as a stabilizing forest management scheme during the 2012-2021 period minimizing the impact of productive activities by lowering the frequency of forest clearing events and preserving late secondary forests within the PBSR. We recommend the continuation of efforts for providing alternative optimal field data collection strategies and modeling techniques to spatially predict key tropical forest attributes. The combination of these models with contin-uous change detection datasets will allow to reveal underlying ecological processes and generate information better adapted to forest governance scales.