bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS RESPON SISWA KELAS XII MIA MENGIKUTI ASESSMENT MADRASAH BERBASISI KOMPUTER(AMBK) MELALUI APLIKASI E-UJIAN BROWSE PADA MATA PELAJARAN FISIKA
Authors: Alpiana Hidayatulloh
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuai bagaimana respon siswa kelas XII IPA mengikuti AMBK menggunakan aplikasi e-ujian browse pada mata pelajaran fisika. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII IPA sebanyak 18 siswa. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket yang berisi 5 pernyataan. Kemudian angket terseut dianalisis dengan menggunakan deskriprif kualitatif dengan menyajikan data dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram lingkaran. Berdasarkan hasil analisis siswa memberikan respon mengikuti AMBK melalui aplikasi e-ujian browse sebanyak 52,4% dimana persentase tersebut berada kategori kurang memuaskan.
PENGARUH METODE DISKUSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA KELAS XI IPS UPT SMA NEGERI 18 BONE
Authors: M. Aswan  , Emmi Azis  , Sahiruddin
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode diskusi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa UPT SMA Negeri 18 Bone. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex post facto. Populasi adalah seluruh kelas XI IPS yang berjumlah 105 orang dan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI IPS 4 yang berjumlah 27 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu randome sampling. Variabel penelitian ini adalah varibel dependen dan independen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dari hasil observasi, angket, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan uji hipotesis.
Hasil penelitian yang di dapat penulis yaitu hasil uji hipotesis menunjukan hasil bahwa nilai thitung>ttabel yaitu -1.014<1,708. Maka dari itu nilai yang telah diperoleh tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa HO diterima dan Ha ditolak dan signifikan 0,320 > 0,05. Hal ini dapat dikatakan metode diskusi tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas XI IPS 4 UPT SMA Negeri 18 Bone.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Agustira  , Hamka  , Haeril
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan smartphone terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex post facto. Data yang diolah hasil pengumpulan data melalui pembagian angket yang diberikan kepada setiap siswa kelas XI IPS 2 UPT SMA Negeri 16 Bone yang berjumlah 27 siswa. Variabel dalam penelitian ini dependen dan independen. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Observasi, Angket, dan Dokumentasi yang dimna penulis melihat langsung keadaan lapangan. Hasil yang didapat penulis adalah pengujian hipotesis yang  menunjukan nilai thitung>ttabel yaitu 3,195>2,060. Maka dari nilai yang telah diperoleh tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa HO ditolak dan Ha diterima dan signifikan 0,004 < 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa pengaruh penggunaan smartphone terhadap dasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas XI IPS 2  UPT SMA Negeri 16 Bone.
Pemahaman Etika Kristen terhadap Keterlibatan Jemaat Gereja Bethel Indonesia di Toraja dalam Tradisi Rambu Solo’
Authors: Wurarah Danny David H.
Published: July 2024

A Christian who already has Christ in his life is a person who fulfills all the demands of Christ in his life, and should be able to transform and bring the values of Christian faith and ethics into Toraja customs, especially Rambu Solo'. A critical attitude needs to be possessed by Christians in Toraja, respecting cultural customs does not mean compromising the worship of idols and the spirits of the dead.The Christian life is a life that no longer does what the world wants it to do. Because the desires of the world are different from what Christ wants (1 John 2:15-16). This understanding of Christ against culture shows that Christ has complete authority over Christians and emphatically rejects cultural demands that contradict biblical truth for loyalty to God. AbstrakOrang Kristen yang sudah memiliki Kristus dalam hidupnya adalah orang yang memenuhi segala tuntutan Kristus dalam hidupnya, seharusnya dapat mentranformasi dan membawa nilai – nilai iman dan etika Kristen di dalam adat istiadat Toraja khususnya Rambu Solo’. Sikap kritis perlu dimiliki oleh umat Kristen di Toraja, menghormati adat budaya bukan berarti kompromi terhadap penyembahan berhala dan arwah orang mati.Kehidupan Kristen adalah kehidupan yang tidak  melakukan lagi apa yang diinginkan oleh keinginan dunia. Karena  keinginan dunia berbeda dengan apa yang diinginkan oleh Kristus (1 Yoh.2:15-16). Pemahaman atas Kristus melawan kebudayaan memperlihatkan bahwa Kristus memiliki otoritas penuh atas orang Kristen dan dengan tegas menolak tuntutan kebudayaan yang bertentangan dengan kebenaran Alkitab untuk kesetiaan kepada Allah.
Penerapan Teknologi Multimedia dalam Meningkatkan Minat Beribadah Remaja dan Pemuda
Authors: Prihanto Agus , Pheanto Yuli , Menda Jeffery David
Published: July 2024

Currently, many young people are no longer interested in worship. These young people think that worship service at church is an activity that is not interesting and tedious. Unattractive and less communicative worship will affect the congregation's enthusiasm during the service, especially in youth worship services. The writing of this scientific article uses descriptive qualitative research methods, focusing on the role of multimedia technology and increasing interest in worship in youth ministry in the church. Multimedia and audio-visual technology in every service is indispensable, including in youth service of youth ministry. Moreover, multimedia technology can make youth worship more attractive and more varied. Multimedia technology can display song lyrics and sermon materials using power points, video clips, or spiritual films that can awaken their faith and be a form of variation in youth worship. Therefore, various worship services will provide enthusiasm and increase interest in worship for young people.  AbstrakPada saat ini banyak remaja dan pemuda yang sudah tidak tertarik lagi dalam beribadah. Remaja dan pemuda seringkali beranggapan bahwa pelayanan ibadah di gereja merupakan suatu kegiatan yang tidak menarik dan sangat membosankan. Ibadah yang kurang menarik dan kurang komunikatif akan mempengaruhi antusias jemaat saat mengikuti ibadah, khususnya dalam pelayanan ibadah remaja dan pemuda. Penulisan artikel ilmiah ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif diskriptif, dengan fokus penelitian adalah peran teknologi multimedia dan meningkatkan minat beribadah pada pelayanan remaja dan pemuda di gereja. Teknologi audio visual dan multimedia dalam setiap ibadah sangat diperlukan, termasuk dalam ibadah pelayanan remaja dan pemuda. Teknologi multimedia dapat membuat ibadah remaja dan pemuda lebih menarik dan lebih bervariasi. Teknologi multimedia dapat menayangkan teks lagu, materi khotbah dengan power point, video clip, ataupun film-film rohani yang dapat membangkitkan iman mereka sekaligus menjadi bentuk variasi dalam ibadah remaja dan pemuda. Ibadah yang bervariasi akan memberikan gairah serta meningkatkan minat dalam beribadah bagi remaja dan pemuda.
From "Peixefritismo" to Yellow-bean Stew: Angolan National Cuisine in the Pot and in the Novel
Authors: Cusack Igor
Published: July 2024

Abstract: As part of the ideology of nationalism, every nation is supposed to have a national cuisine. During recent decades, African national cuisines have emerged in a number of states, in particular in Lusophone Africa. Cookbooks on African cuisines have been published in Europe and parts of Africa and the national cuisine proclaimed on official websites. This article reviews the appearance of these cuisines and then focuses on the development of the “national cuisine” of Angola and on national dishes such as muamba de galinha. Finally, how food is portrayed in a number of Angolan novels is discussed, and the question is raised: why should cuisine appear in some works and not in others?
Brazilian Gold and the Commercial Sector in Oporto, 1710-1750
Authors: Russell-Wood A. J. R.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In the historiography on the Atlantic in the Early Modern period, Oporto has been primarily associated with emigration and the export of wine. This is an essay in compensatory history in that it argues that Oporto, already the major city of northern Portugal and a major emporium, became a preferred (with Lisbon) destination for consignments of Brazilian gold. As a player in the Atlantic bullion-carrying trade, Oporto became an active participant in a European network of institutions, merchants, bankers, and individuals, which disseminated Brazilian gold from Portugal to northern Europe and as far east as Italy. Oporto was the hub from which consignments were distributed throughout northern Portugal. Based on ships’ manifests, which indicate consignors and consignees (individual, institutional, lay, and clerical), this essay focuses on recipients identifiable as part of the commercial sector in Oporto and provides new information on partnerships of British businessmen, on Portuguese-Brazilian collaboration, and on resident Dutch and German merchants. Brazilian gold contributed to an urban florescence that embraced art, architecture and the fine arts, social philanthropy and public health, and urban infrastructure in the first half of the eighteenth century.
Os livros de linhagens da idade média portuguesa: Os livros manuscritos medievais e sua rede de poderes
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article intends to examine some questions referring to the relations between power, book production, and reading in the time of medieval book manuscripts, reflecting on this question through an analysis of Portuguese ancestry books of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the first part of the article I examine the relationship between power, society, and the book manuscript. In the second part, I analyze the relationship between power, society, and the book as an object submitted to social forms of control.
La retórica del poder: El discurso ideológico de Salazar a través de sus aforismos políticos
Authors: Pena-Rodríguez Alberto
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The Portuguese dictatorship of Oliveira Salazar was a corporatist fascist regime whose propaganda structures were very much involved in the creation and consolidation of the New State (1933-1974). Salazar's political project and his propagandistic discourse were based on notions drawn from his extremely conservative thinking. His Catholic beliefs regarding God and Family as well as the patriotic tradition were the principal ideas of his political discourse. In order to involve the Portuguese people in his ideological model, the New State's Department of Propaganda and its official newspaper, the Diário da Manhã, organized systematic campaigns to promote Salazarist arguments. By analyzing his most popular political aphorisms from the beginning of the New State, this article attempts to examine the rhetorical techniques used by Salazar to transform himself into the great leader of Portugal.
Two Versions of Iberian Orientalism: "The Geração de 70" and the "Generación del 98" in Light of Eça's de Queirós' "A Reliquia" and Juan Valera's "Morsamor"
Authors: Pereira Pedro Schacht
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay makes the case for the urgency of comparative Luso-Hispanic studies through a reading of two orientalist novels by two authors whose place in the Iberian canon is consensual. It argues nonetheless that canonical readings have largely remained oblivious to the critique of empire that is inherent to the apparent exoticism of both authors’ appropriation of the orientalist motif. It also locates a precocious suspicion of what will be the claims of lusotropicalism in Eça de Queirós at the same time as it proposes an Iberian scope for the understanding of the casticista claims Juan Valera advances in Morsamor.
"Escrever é para mim trabalho braçal": Cabral's "O cão sem plumas" and the Brazilian Consulate in Barcelona, 1947-1950
Authors: Enslen Joshua A.
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: In this article, I document the thematic parallels between João Cabral de Melo Neto’s landmark poem “O cão sem plumas,” published in 1949 while in Barcelona, and his contemporaneous diplomatic experience there. In my analysis, I consider the specific cases adjudicated by Cabral at the consulate alongside the author’s personal correspondence, conference addresses, interviews, and other primary source materials in order to further illuminate the enduring influence of this transitional period in his poetry. Specifically, I explore the correlation between the plight of many Spanish citizens and Brazilian expatriates facing the political oppression and economic destitution of Francoist Spain and the poet’s newfound awareness of similar social conditions in Brazil as confessed in interviews and manifest in “O cão sem plumas.”
KEYWORDS: João Cabral de Melo Neto, “O cão sem plumas,” diplomacy.
The Blindness of Meirelles
Authors: Zir Alessandro
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The main idea of this essay is that any successful translation of an artistic masterwork must in some way rescue the whole poiesis that sustains the original work as an aesthetic phenomenon. If the translation does not succeed in doing this, it simply fails. What has to be translated is, first of all, not the content, ideas, story, or even formal characteristics, but the tension that brings all of the elements together. This is especially visible when the translation is done from one medium to another, such as when a literary masterpiece is brought to the cinema. Fernando Meirelles’s adaptation of José Saramago’s Ensaio sobre a cegueira is a failure in this sense.
Pepetela: Entre a Caravalização e a Denúncia de um Tempo sem Heróis
Authors: Dutra Robson
Published: July 2024

Resumo: Este texto pretende mostrar que, pelo jogo entre enunciado e enunciação, os romances de Pepetela reescrevem criticamente a História de Angola, denunciando que, embora tenha havido, durante a luta pela independência, um projeto de construção de heróis nacionais, estes nunca conseguiram se erigir totalmente e foram perdendo o contorno épico até se diluírem no clima distópico pós-colonial de uma Angola sem heróis. Para tanto, centramos nossa análise nos romances Jaime Bunda, agente secreto e Jaime Bunda e a morte do americano, publicados em 2001 e 2003, respectivamente, demonstrando que os heróis dos romances de Pepetela acompanham o movimento da história de Angola, indo de uma atmosfera de contornos épicos subjacentes aos ideais revolucionários do MPLA a traços trágicos que alegorizam os esfacelamento das utopias no presente que os romances que selecionamos como corpus literário enuncia.
Remittances, Welfare Solidarity, and Monetarization: The Interaction between Personal and Economic Relations in Cape Verde during the Colonial Period
Authors: Estêvão João
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article proposes a reading of the colonial monetary phenomenon in Cape Verde through the interaction of personal relations and formal economic relations. It begins by analyzing the genesis of colonial money and its affirmation as an autonomous institutional phenomenon, as well as the impacts of emigration on the archipelago’s economy, in order to consider the effects of remittances as an instrument of welfare solidarity, monetarization, and the stabilization of Cape Verdean money. The combination of these effects generated a complex whole of personal and economic relations, whose interaction supported the expansion of money and its social acknowledgment as a universal measure of value. There was, therefore, a degree of complementarity between personal relations and formal economic relations, which was synthesized through Cape Verdean money.
Coins for the Dead, Money on the Floor: Mortuary Ritual in Bahian Candomblé
Authors: Brazeal Brian
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This paper examines the exchange of money, commodities, and services among religious adepts and between humans and their ancestors in a Candomblé mortuary ritual in Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil. In the axexé, profits from secret ceremonies fund communal devotions. Communal devotions tie initiatic kin together through reciprocity. Mortuary rituals sever these ties when initiatic family members die. Parties in the service of benevolent deities bring fame to houses. Fame attracts clients. Clients pay to undo the malfeasance of their enemies or to make them suffer. Their money in turn funds communal devotions. Evil underwrites good. Concealment underwrites spectacle. The dead become the livelihood of the living.
"Ex-Centric" Lusofonias: On Remembered Language and Its Possible Futures in Portuguese-American Culture
Authors: Larkosh Christopher
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: I re-examine the dynamics of literary resonance, not only in the works of two contemporary Portuguese-American authors, Katherine Vaz and Frank X. Gaspar, but also across the sites and common places of lived experience in southeastern Massachusetts, the place from which I reconstitute my own encounter with the Portuguese language and a region that, while it may fall clearly outside the official boundaries of the Portuguese-speaking world, has been as much a home for Portuguese language and lusophone cultures over the past 150 to 200 years as many of the other spaces officialized by governmental institutions, whether as part of Portugal and its empire or as part of more recent authorities, such as the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries (in Portuguese, CPLP).
KEYWORDS: literary resonance, Portuguese-speaking world, Portuguese-American authors
The Geographers' Manual: The Place of "Place" in António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Zenith Richard
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The abundance of place names in the novels of Lobo Antunes is not, as in some authors, a device used to “ground” their fictions, to make them more real, more down-to-earth. Place is largely what his novels are all about. The author has an especial love for his hometown, Lisbon, whose neighborhoods are often treated as major characters, with the people who inhabit them being occasionally reduced to caricatures, props, scenery. The prominence given to place makes these novels valuable sociological documents and challenges us, à la Copernicus, to realign our thinking. The Natural Order of Things and The Inquisitors’ Manual serve as sample texts for my inquiry.
The Other Pinheiro Chagas: Calderón de la Barca's Reflection in the Mirror
Authors: Marinho Maria de Fátima
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article analyzes two novels by Pinheiro Chagas as fictional transpositions of plays by Calderón de la Barca. Of interest to both Golden Age scholars and Portuguese literary critics alike, this study argues that Pinheiro Chagas, seldom remembered for much more than his involvement with the 1870s generation, was an important literary critic and novelist, whose writing serves as a precursor to the trend of historical novels that stress plot development and patriotic values, rather than amorous intrigue. In A mantilha de Beatriz and A Marqueza das Índias, the use of humor, the interweaving of disguise and misunderstandings, along with the reversal of hypo- and hypertext through an anachronistic literary appropriation, combine and allow Pinheiro Chagas to legitimize the prominence of Golden Age models and Spanish culture in his (overtly) ambiguous discourse.
Introduction to "'A Very Original Dinner'" by Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Quintero Natalia Jerez
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: “A Very Original Dinner” is a horror short story written in 1907 by Alexander Search, a fictional author created by Fernando Pessoa around 1906. In the story, Herr Prosit, a coarse but merry man, president of the Gastronomical Society of Berlin, invites all the members of the society to a very original dinner. Each member is challenged to discover the originality: Is it in a sauce? Is it in a new ingredient? Is it in the lighting of the room or arrangement of the tables? Originality could be in anything. The members, barely containing their fever of expectation, take each detail into account as they try to discover the originality in the banquet. Even though they have some hypotheses—sufficiently ridiculous—none of them imagines how far Prosit’s joke has gone this time.
KEYWORDS: Alexander Search, short story, originality, banquet
Wasting Away: (De)Composing Trash in the Contemporary Brazilian Documentary
Authors: Butterman Steven F.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay examines the metaphor of garbage in contemporary Brazilian documentary to problematize issues of race, class, and gender, focusing especially on Marcos Prado’s feature-length Estamira (2004). Utilizing the postmodern decomposition of antropofagia (coprofagia), theorized by Brazilian poet and cultural critic Glauco Mattoso as well as considerations of recent feminist thought, this essay will examine how the motif of lixo in recent Brazilian film serves to critique contemporary Brazilian social and economic policies by revealing a society that discovers itself—and ironically, its own value and values—through the garbage it produces.
The Center and the Margins
Authors: Da Cunha Carlos M. F.
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: In this article, we propose a reflection about two recent histories of literature, the Comparative History of Literatures in the Iberian Peninsula (2010) and the Critical History of Portuguese Literature (1993–2010). In the first, which is spatially/topographically oriented and has a revisionist purpose, Portuguese literature emerges as (geographically) decentered and (temporally) fragmented. The second offers, from a critical standpoint, a summary of all the knowledge accumulated through the historiography of Portuguese literature. Apropos of both, we question the possibilities of connection among space, history, and literature.
KEYWORDS: literary geography, lusophone literatures, the center and the margins
Rewriting Carolina Maria de Jesus: Editing as Translating in "Quarto de despejo"
Authors: Weiser Frans
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Carolina Maria de Jesus’s Quarto de despejo catalogues her experiences living in a São Paulo favela. De Jesus sought personal agency via the writing and publication of her diaries, yet whether through the editing choices of reporter Audálio Dantas or translator David St. Clair, her voice was mediated and determined by third parties. Both men engage in translation, understood in its broadest sense as rewriting, in order to market the diaries. As a comparison of Dantas’s intervention with Elizabeth Bishop’s contemporary translation of Helena Morley’s diaries suggests, Dantas translated de Jesus for the Brazilian public via his editing.
Literary History
Authors: Ceserani Remo
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT:  Recent changes in the theoretical and practical approaches to literary history: new interest in the relationship among literature, culture, and history, new attention to the narrative quality of this particular genre of history, new interpretations of the traditional problems: distinction between document and monument, distinction between the general and the individual. Some of the old approaches to writing literary history, such as the nineteenth-century examples of Geistesgeschichte or Stilgeschichte, have gone out of fashion. Newer suggestions have come from the French historians gathered around the journal Annales, the German school of Rezeptionskritik, and the American discussions on the canon. Among the types of literary history that are widely practiced today are those focused on the evolution of literary institutions, the development of a language, the history of ideas and ideologies, and the reconstruction of the biographical and sociological conditions underlying the production of a literary work. Two types of approaches seem to stand out: those that center on the development of literary forms and those that trace the changes in literary themes over time. The real achievement would be to provide, at the same time, a history of literary forms and a history of literary themes.
KEYWORDS: Literature, culture, history
Linguistic Legacies and Postcolonial Identities in West Africa: Cape Verde, Senegal, and the Western World
Authors: Thevenod Alexis Diagne
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: Over the last two centuries, the western part of the African continent has been a place of dilution and reinvention of linguistic boundaries. This article considers Senegal and Cape Verde as a whole to assess the pertinence of a language-based identity (Francophone or Lusophone) born out of the colonial relationship and appearing in a contemporary globalized world. To apprehend colonial languages as legacies calls to emerge from too-restrictive spatial and temporal constraints in order to consider changes in its actual geographical, symbolic, and historical porosity. This article examines in parallel two territories usually studied separately and gives an account of a constantly changing postcolonial inheritance of which the South Atlantic is the first witness.
KEYWORDS: linguistic legacies, cultural identity, West Africa
Delayed Enlightenment: Philosophy in Twentieth-Century Portugal
Authors: Leone Carlos
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This paper intends to present a panorama of the major trends in philosophy in twentieth-century Portugal to those unfamiliar with the subject and the language. It discusses both the authors and works most relevant and recent contemporary surveys of the topic by researchers, both in Portugal and abroad.
Narrativizing the Other-Empire in Silence: On Portuguese Postimperiality/Postcoloniality
Authors: Khan Sheila
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper aims, within the theoretical framework presented by Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Paula Meneses—named epistemologias do sul (Southern epistemologies) and based on the working tool that the same sociologists called sociologia das ausências (sociology of absences)—to offer a complementary analysis proposed as the sociologia pós-colonial das ausências (postcolonial sociology of absences). This approach is inspired by the creation of an interventive methodology that aims to reflect, on the one hand, the state of Portuguese research in postcolonial studies and its sensibility toward realities thought to be marginal and, on the other, to identify the lines of dialogue and cooperation between such studies and the people who inhabit the space and time of this Portuguese postimperiality/postcoloniality.
KEYWORDS: identity, Southern epistemologies, postimperiality/postcoloniality
Acts of Literature: Notes on "The Return of the Caravels"
Authors: Gandhi Leela
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The last two decades or so have witnessed a profound theoretical reaction against cultural and aesthetic claims of “literariness.” Despite its political appeal, however, such a critical attitude too often forgets the capacity of all canonical cultures to challenge and critique themselves internally. This paper reads the work of António Lobo Antunes, in particular his The Return of the Caravels, as an exemplary instance of such internal critique, reworking The Lusiads to yoke imperial fantasies of the Age of Discovery to harsher memories of the Portuguese occupation of Angola. Yet, no simple work of counter-imperial demystification, Lobo Antunes’s novel does not simply dismiss or destroy the rich epic texture of The Lusiads. Instead, it strives to “recycle” the tropes and allusions of the earlier work into a new ethical fabric for our times. In so doing, it also provides an occasion to re-think the value of “literariness” itself: its elasticity, capacity for metamorphoses, and status as a record of all that is not only worst but also best in culture, imperial or anti-imperial, European or otherwise.
The Character in Journalism: Reconciling Narratology and Ethics
Authors: Mesquita Mário
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The concept of character, traditionally discussed with reference to the literary analysis of fictional texts, may also serve as a useful analytic tool in the context of nonfictional writing, such as the narratives of history or journalism. The relevance of introducing the notion of character into critical analyses of journalistic texts is intensified in the present by the growing personalization both of political and social life and of media discourses. This article relies on contributions from the field of literary theory and media studies to map out the conditions and the implications of the construction of characters in journalistic practice.
From Lobo Antunes to Joseph Conrad: The Writing of Post-Colonial Maps and Phantoms
Authors: Leite Ana Mafalda
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The article delineates some of the intertextual connections between Boa tarde às coisas aqui em baixo by António Lobo Antunes and Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, and it takes as its point of departure the metaphor of the map, which stands for a critical reflection on the West’s colonial and post-colonial adventure in Africa. Borrowing from David Spurr’s analysis of imperial rhetoric, we further identify that these two works are revealing of how this imperial rhetoric remains present in the discourse and culture of the colonial and post-colonial worlds.
“History of a Dictatorship”: An Unfinished Political Essay by the Young Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Barreto José
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: The first part of this article reviews the materials from Pessoa’s literary remains associated with the book project from 1909 to 1910 titled “History of a Dictatorship.” These materials remain little known and mostly unpublished. The second part examines some central themes and theses of this unfinished political work and places them within the evolution of Pessoa’s thought.
KEYWORDS: Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese monarchy, João Franco dictatorship, Portuguese Republic, national decay, nationalism, Sebastianism
Pocahontas ataca de nuevo: "Iracema" o la importancia de la figura del mestizo en la sociedad brasileña actual
Authors: Sánchez-Conejero Cristina
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Since the discovery of Brazil in 1500, there have been a great number of writings in Brazilian Literature that deal with the figure of the Indian. It is well known that, especially in the Romantic period, the Indian character is highly idealized in most literary works. It is in this context that Iracema by José de Alencar appears, which bears astonishing similarities to the Pocahontas legend narrated by John Smith in The Generall Historie of Virginia, New England and the Summer Isles. This paper has two main purposes: 1) to establish the parallels between Iracema and Pocahontas, both as literary works and in their social and historical significance; and 2) to divert the attention paid by Romantic writers from the Indian figure towards that of the mestizo, as we see in Alencar’s work, where the mestizo character Moacir sets the preamble of the racial mosaic in Brazilian society today. In this sense, it is imperative to establish the relevance of Iracema as a 19th century work with contemporary significance.
Women Writing the Exotic: Cultural Representations in a Portuguese Travel Journal
Authors: Sarmento Clara
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay combines ideas derived from social history, literary criticism, and cultural studies in order to illustrate the notion of exoticism in late nineteenth-century Portuguese discourse about the Far East, which is still implicit in many contemporary representations of Asia by the Western imaginary. Using the example of Journal of a Journey to Timor [Diário de uma Viagem a Timor] (1882-1883), by Isabel Tamagnini, the essay explores the implications not only of race but also of gender in the production and circulation of the Eurocentric notion of the “exotic” Orient. Tamagnini categorizes, includes, excludes, and creates stereotypes in order to organize an unknown social and cultural reality within which she was forced to live. The Journal is a paradigmatic text about the categories and hierarchies of Portuguese colonial power. Tamagnini’s vivid comprehension of family, religious, social, ethical, and aesthetic details is completely unaware of the harsh political and economic realities of colonial administration, illustrating how social and cultural restrictions shaped women’s perspectives and identities. The Journal merges specific social and cultural practices as well as their significance, which paved the way for a metaphorical process of incomplete self- and hetero-discovery.
"Internal" Literary History: Rubem Fonseca's "Intestino Grosso"
Authors: Weiser Frans
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: The term literary history has been understood in diverging contexts in the twentieth century, although, as Eduardo Coutinho points out, its practice in Latin America is increasingly subject to interrogations of the concepts that have traditionally defined critical interpretation. Building on Wendell Harris’s distinction between external and internal literary history, this paper argues that Rubem Fonseca’s short story “Intestino Grosso” (Large Intestine) rather than being only a textual artifact that critics utilize to impose their external readings upon literary events, also acts as a form of internal literary history as produced from within fiction to comment upon the state of contemporary Brazilian literary criticism.
KEYWORDS: Rubem Fonseca, internal literary history, mock interview, literary criticism
Negation of the Narrative Framework or the Failure of Narrative Memory: The Case of "Os cus de Judas"
Authors: Ornelas José N.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: As a narrative of the crumbling Portuguese empire written a few years after the colonial war had come to an end, Os cus de Judas denounces the affects and effects of that war, which are perceived as a hindrance to any positive representation of the individual and Portugal. The novel’s unnamed protagonist is continually rendered impotent in his many attempts to escape the disturbing and obsessive images of the war and to restore a memory traumatized by recollections of the past. These images have a bearing on the articulation of his self and color his vision of a nation still beholden to the rhetoric of its fascist past, which has purposefully erased from its memory the atrocities and the horrors of the colonial war. As an individual condemned to live among the ruins of a former empire defined by a strong instinct for collective forgetfulness, the protagonist comes to the realization that it is pointless to construct a narrative that may provide coherence and unity to his life or give meaning to his country. His only option in life is to engage in a mode of self-referential narration without the possibility of closure.
Introduction to "Dryden, Keats, Tennyson, and Browning: Unpublished Translations" by Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Fischer Claudia J.
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: Reading, writing, and translating were three interconnected activities for Pessoa. Although some of his translations were brought to light in Portugal during his own lifetime, a great number of them remained unpublished. This chapter provides a transcription of lines from Dryden, Keats, Tennyson, and Robert Browning, along with brief comments on each of the translations.
KEYWORDS: unpublished translation, Dryden, Keats, Tennyson, Robert Browning
National Identity in Brazil and Mexico in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Moreira Paulo
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: In the first decades of the twentieth century, Latin American intellectuals and artists articulated new forms of national identity that responded to the peculiar modernization of the region. These new articulations offered possibilities but also imposed limits that reached a crisis in 1968 in Brazil and in Mexico, when the process of modernization in the two countries reached a point of inflection. In the contrasting images of the Homem Cordial as the symbol of the Brazilian insistence on smooth transitions and of the revolution as the awakening of Mexico from the long slumber of the formalistic liberalism of the nineteenth century lie two faces of this national identity, and this paper examines their potentials and their weaknesses.
KEYWORDS: Latin America, national identity, modernization, Alfonso Reyes, Ribeiro Couto, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
The Utopia of the Divine in Luso-Brazilian Culture: Joachim of Fiore and Ariano Suassuna's "A Pedro do Reino"
Authors: Rossatto Noeli Dutra , De Martini Marcus
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This article investigates the presence of the utopia of the Divine, originated in the Calabrian abbot Joachim of Fiore’s (1135–1202) philosophical work, in the novel A Pedra do Reino (The Stone of the Kingdom), by the Brazilian novelist Ariano Suassuna. Joachimite thought can be located in two of the novel’s characteristic elements. The first regards the use of the same symbolic hermeneutic per concordiam (by harmony). The second regards the theory of the three states of the world and the utopia of the Divine, as found in the first and last parts of the novel’s plot.
KEYWORDS: Joachim of Fiore, symbolic hermeneutic, utopia of the Divine, Ariano Suassuna
The Literary Memory of the Colonial War in Angola
Authors: Moutinho Isabel
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This study examines two Portuguese novels about the colonial war in Angola, unusual in that they do not present a personal, but a collective view of that war, from two perspectives: the Portuguese side (reevaluating the rhetoric of colonialism) and the Angolan side (including tentative representations of African oral history and agency).
The Dutch and the Consolidation of the Seventeenth-Century South Atlantic Complex, c. 1630-1654
Authors: Da Silva Filipa Ribeiro
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This article looks at the seventeenth-century South Atlantic and explores the role played by the Dutch private merchants based in Brazil and by the Dutch West India Company for the consolidation of the South Atlantic. To do so, it focuses on the political, military, and commercial exchanges between the northeastern Brazilian captaincies and Angola during the years 1630 and 1654.
KEYWORDS: Dutch—Commerce—South Atlantic
The Crisis of Literary History and Disciplinary Renovation: The Alternative of Systemic Theories
Authors: Lourido Isaac
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This article reviews the principal debates and challenges to literary history after the critical revision of the discipline in the last third of the twentieth century. More specifically, the article evaluates the possibility of constructing a historiographical model founded on systemic theories, with the capacity to contribute to the renovation of the discipline of literary history. Alternative historiographical methods, based on polysystem theory, theory of literary field, and the theorization of literature as institution, are examined with the intention of showing the advantages that these approaches can bring to the study of literature, but also their failings, and the debates they have provoked that have yet to be resolved. Finally, the article proposes possible applications of these alternative approaches to literary history to the lusophone literary systems.
KEYWORDS: crisis of literary history, systemic theories, lusophone literary systems
Macau's Handover- A Personal Account
Authors: De Pina-Cabral João
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This paper is a brief personal description of the Handover Ceremony for Macau when it ceased to be a Portuguese colony after four and a half centuries, on 20 December 1999. The description aims to highlight the political, economic, and ethnic complexity of the event.
The Orthographic (Dis)Agreement and the Portuguese Identity Threat
Authors: Carvalho Michelly , Cabecinhas Rosa
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the Portuguese people’s opinion of the orthographic agreement recently implemented among the members of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries. This agreement aims to make Portuguese orthography uniform. A survey was conducted about this issue in Portugal. Our hypothesis was that the Portuguese people would reject this agreement because it would be seen as an identity threat, a kind of submission by the former colonizer (Portugal) to the former colony (Brazil). As expected, the level of rejection of the agreement was very high. In this essay, the discourse of the rejection of the agreement and the kinds of motives invoked by Portuguese respondents are discussed, integrating the contributions of social representations theory.
KEYWORDS: orthographic agreement, identity threat, social representations
O problema do consenso histórico na área lusófona
Authors: Graça Pedro
Published: July 2024

Resumo: A organização política, económica e cultural da chamada Lusofonia, através do projecto da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP), constituído há uma década, mantém-se num nível de virtualidade que tarda em materializar-se. A CPLP não atingiu um patamar de visibilidade minimamente relevante no seio da comunidade internacional, nem conseguiu interagir com os cidadãos lusófonos, existindo vários fatores que condicionam a situação. O primeiro é a falta de um consenso histórico quanto ao passado comum dos países lusófonos, o qual decorre da história colonial de Portugal. A matriz humanista e universalista é contudo uma potencialidade da projecção do futuro comum lusófono.
Does Money Bring Happiness? Comparing Brazil and the United States
Authors: Oliven Ruben George
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article compares attitudes towards the relation between money and happiness in Brazil with those existing in the United States. Money is examined through language expressions, proverbs, popular music, and scholarly and non-scholarly articles. It is analyzed in relation to blood, sperm, slavery, free labor, saving, Catholicism, and Protestantism. Whereas in America money is outspoken, in Brazil there is frequently a diffident attitude towards it. While in Brazilian society, money is seen as polluting and leading to unhappiness, in North American society it is seen as something cleaner and as part of self-realization.
“Muamba, Banana e Cola.” O Duo Ouro Negro e o Tropicalismo Desnacionalizador
Authors: Cardão Marcos
Published: July 2024

RESUMO: O  Duo  Ouro  Negro  foi  um  dos  conjuntos  portugueses  com  maior  projeção  e  reconhecimento internacional na década de 1960. O mediatismo na imprensa e a integração numa indústria fonográfica em expansão transformou o conjunto num caso raro de sucesso internacional. Ao estabelecer um diálogo com as noções de diáspora e hibridismo,  o  percurso  musical  do  Duo  Ouro  Negro  escapou  à  fixidez  identitária,  nacional  e étnica, e traduziu uma história de deslocamentos e reinscrições. Não obstante a sua dimensão internacional e cosmopolita, o Duo Ouro Negro foi também objeto de discursos nacionalistas, nomeadamente quando se tentou converter as suas práticas expressivas numa expressão idealizada da nacionalidade, de modo a criar e manter a ideia de unidade do império português. Neste artigo pretendo analisar as formas de traduzir o percurso artístico do Duo Ouro Negro e comentar como as narrativas nacionalistas procuraram, por um lado, impor um sentido único às práticas expressivas do conjunto e, por outro lado, como estas se revelaram insuficientes para as explicar.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Duo Ouro Negro, música popular, luso-tropicalismo, colonialismo, hibridismo
ABSTRACT: Duo Ouro Negro was one of the most prominent and internationally recognized  Portuguese  groups  in  the  1960s.  Their  integration  into  an  expanding  music  industry, medialization and international tours turned them into a rare case of international success. Establishing a dialogue with the notions of diaspora and hybridism, the musical career of Duo Ouro Negro escaped from the identitary fixation, national and ethnic, and translated a history of displacements and reinscriptions. Despite their international and urban dimension, the Duo Ouro Negro was also subjected to nationalist discourses, especially  when  diverse  agents  of  Portuguese  colonialism  tried  to  convert  their  music  into an idealized expression of nationality, in order to create and maintain the idea of unity and integrity of the late Portuguese empire. In this article I will try to analyze the ways of translating Duo Ouro Negro’s music, mentioning how the nationalist discourses sought, on one hand, to impose a national sense to their music and, on the other hand, how such imposition was limited to explain them.
KEYWORDS: Duo Ouro Negro, popular music, luso-tropicalism, colonialism, hybridism
When the Eye Meets the World: Reading Subjectivity in Two Poems by Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Balbuena Monique Rodrigues
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This essay examines two different models to understand the relationship between subject and object in the lyric—Georg Lukács’s (which emphasizes the transformation of the object) and Jonathan Culler’s (which emphasizes the self-dramatization of the subjectivity in the object)—and demonstrates how both models are called into question by two poems of Carlos Drummond de Andrade. By means of a stylistic reading of the poems “No meio do caminho” and “Noturno à janela do apartamento,” this essay claims that in these poems the object, albeit differently, participates in the construction of the subjectivity of the lyrical “I” and, in so doing, produces meaning.
KEYWORDS: lyric, object, subject, meaning, Georg Lukács, Jonathan Culler, Carlos Drummond de Andrade
TEVRAT VE KUR’AN’A GÖRE KARUN; ŞIMARIK BİR KAPİTALİSTİN TRAJİK SONU
Authors: Şahin Resul
Published: July 2024

Karun, Allah ve peygamberini yalanlayan, servetiyle şımaran ve onu insanlığın ve insanların faydasına değil, onları ifsat etmek için kullanan, İsrailoğullarına yaptığı zulüm ve soykırımla ünlenen Firavuna finans sağlayan, kısacası servetini kötülük aracı olarak kullanan tarihi sembol bir kişidir. Karun, kavmini hor ve hakir gören, Firavun adına onlara zulmeden azgın bir zenginin adıdır. Karun kıssası, önemine binaen iki kutsal kitapta; Kur’an ve Tevrat’ta yer almıştır. Kur’an’da öğüt amaçlı kısaca anlatılırken, Tevrat’ta ise detaylı olarak zikredilmektedir. Fakat iki kutsal kitapta da servetiyle büyüklük taslaması, kendisine yönelik yapılan olumlu tenkitlere kulak tıkaması, inkârcılığı, cimriliği, maddeciliği, Peygamber Musa’ya isyanı ve halkı ona karşı kışkırtması, bozgunculuğu gibi aynı olumsuz özelliklerle anlatılması ve bu özellikleri nedeniyle uğradığı aynı trajik sondan, yani servetiyle birlikte yerin dibine geçirilip yok olmasından bahsedilmesi dikkat çekicidir. Bu çalışmada; Karun Kıssası üzerinden, Kur’an’ın ilk muhatap kitlesi olan Mekkeli müşrikler ve Medineli Yahudiler başta olmak üzere tüm insanlığa verilen mesaj olan; kişiye, peygambere veya iyi kişilere olan kan bağı veya yakınlığının, sahip olduğu makam ve servetin veya sosyal konumunun fayda vermediğini, ancak imanı ve işlediği güzel amellerinin, insanlara yaralı olmanın fayda vereceği gerçeği kuvvetle vurgulanmaktadır.
Analysis of college sports-cultural fest concepts
Authors: Taylor David , Wilson James
Published: July 2024

Based on the interpretation of the connotation of sports and cultural festivals, this paper analyzes the significance of colleges and universities organizing sports and cultural festivals and proposes the basic concepts for organizing such festivals. The aim is to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for relevant departments to carry out extracurricular sports activities and to strengthen the construction of campus sports culture.
Structure of sport culture and objective reality
Authors: Clark Rachel , Wang Lili
Published: July 2024

Structuralism and objective reality has long been outdated for western academic research, but they are necessary parts for the research on domestic sport culture. The paper firstly deeply analyzed some conclusions of objective reality of sport culture. Then it pointed out the orientation, the puzzle of self-properness and indicated its way out. Finally it attempted to outline the tentative profile of structure of sport culture and objective reality from both perspectives of Monism-Pluralism and Parallel-Hierarchic.