bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, in Vivo and in Silico Studies of N-Aryl-4-(1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-Yl)Benzamides as an Anticonvulsant Agent
Authors: Kiminejad Malaie Parisa , Asadi Mehdi , Sadat Hosseini Faezeh , Biglar Mahmood , Amanlou Massoud
Published: April 2020

Background: These days epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, which can affect on quality of life by unpredictable seizure. Thalidomide is one of the drugs to control the epilepsy but side effects such as teratogenicity, made it difficult to use. Methods: Six new analogues of N-aryl-4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)benzamides were synthesized and tested for anti-seizure activity. To evaluate the anti-seizure activity of these new derivatives, 40 mice in 8 groups were received 10 mg/Kg of each new derivatives 30 min before the injection of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 70 mg/kg) to induced seizures. Latency time to first symptom of seizure was measured and compared to vehicle and standard groups. Docking methodology was applied to study on mode of interaction between GABAA receptor and synthetized compounds. Results: Structures of the all synthesized compounds were confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The latency time and mortality rate were individually measured for an hour after injection of pentylenetetrazole. Docking study revealed that synthesized compounds and thalidomide interact in similar conformation with GABAA receptor. Conclusion: The experimental and docking results were found in good correlation and demonstrated that the most active compound (5a), with 3,4-dimethylphenyl residue increased the duration of seizure inhibition threshold in comparison with thalidomide.
Simulation-Based Engineering of Humanized Scfv Antibody against hTNF-α
Authors: Hamzeh-Mivehroud Maryam , Baghal Safarizad Ayda , Dastmalchi Siavoush
Published: April 2020

Background
: Uncontrolled activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as pro-inflammatory cytokine has been linked with pathogenesis of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Therefore, modulating of TNF-α associated biological pathways is a promising strategy for alleviating of such diseases. In view of this, the use of antibody fragments such as single-chain variable fragments (scFv) in therapeutic applications has been gained much attention in terms of pharmacokinetic as well as production and therapeutic costs. Methods: In the current investigation, the previously designed and humanized hD2 antibody was modeled and docked onto the TNF-α structure. The binding free energy was predicted for the complex of hD2-TNF-α using molecular dynamics calculation followed by per-residue energy decomposition for residues of hD2. In addition in silico mutations of important amino acids at the binding site of enzyme were performed and the binding free energy was calculated for mutant forms of scFv in complex with TNF-α. Results: The analyses of the results proposed Y27F mutation in heavy chain CDR1 of hD2 scFv antibody may be considered as a promising substitution. Conclusion: The results may be used for designing new anti-TNF-α antibody with improved activity.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Novel Marine Bacteria (Bacillus 2011SOCCUF3) Isolated from Marine Sponge (Spongia officinalis)
Authors: Odekina Peter Adukwu , Agbo Matthias Onyebuchi , Omeje Edwin Ogochukwu
Published: April 2020

Background: Bacillus species represent a rich source of new bioactive metabolites that can combat diseases.Methods: Bacillus strain was isolated from the marine sponge Spongia officinalis and routinely maintained on marine broth. The bacteria strain was identified as Bacillus 2011SOCCUF3 using 16S rDNA sequencing. The strain was cultured on Tryptone Casein Oat Soluble Starch (TCOATSS) media with continuous agitation for 4 days. The fermented broth was centrifuged, and the supernatant was mixed with 10% (w/v) of adsorbent resin (XAD-7HP and XAD-16N, 1:1) and shaken continuously at a reduced speed for 7 h; and the resin was collected by filtration through sintered glass funnel and washed with MilliQ water, and then eluted with methanol to obtain the extract. The extract was evaporated in vacuo at reduced temperature and pressure to obtain the dry extract. The dry extract was purified by vacuum liquid chromatography, eluting with methanol in acetone gradient. The in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were investigated using the agar-well diffusion, DPPH scavenging and the phosphomolybdate methods respectively.Results: The extract and fractions showed good antimicrobial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration range of <1.0 mg/mL. The extract and fractions also exhibited good antioxidant activities with their IC50 values been comparable to the standard.Conclusion: Thus, a novel Bacillus strain isolated from the marine sponge (Spongia officinalis) obtained from Cortiou and Riou, France, exhibited promising antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
Protective Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Valproic Acid Induced Hepatotoxicity in Epileptic Children with Recurrent Seizure; A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Shahramian Iraj , Bazi Ali , Mostafaee Rosa , Mohammadi Mohammad Hasan
Published: April 2020

Background
: There are controversies regarding the protective role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) against valproic acid (VPA)-induced hepatotoxicity in children. In the present clinical trial, we assessed the potential role of UDCA in preventing VPA-induced fluctuations of hepatic enzymes in epileptic children with recurrent seizures. Methods: Two-hundred children with epileptic seizures were randomly allocated into either intervention (VPA+UDCA) or control (VPA+ placebo) group. Fluctuations of liver enzymes were recorded at baseline, as well as 48 hours, 1 month, and 3 months following the interventions. Results: The mean age of the patients was 7.33±2.96 years (the range of 4-16). Males and females constituted 43 (43%) and 57 (57%) subjects in each group respectively. There were no significant differences in the baseline levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) between the intervention and control groups. At 48 hours post-intervention, AST and ALT increased 1.7% and 11.05% (23.18±7.91 and 30.75±4.20 IU/l) in the intervention group and 21.3% and 35% (28.46±3.71 and 35.62±7.72 IU/l) in the control group respectively (P<0.0001). Both AST (P<0.001) and ALT (P=0.03) levels were significantly lower in the intervention than placebo group at 1-month post-intervention. At 3-month post-intervention; however, while AST level still was significantly higher in the control (29.87±5.41 IU/l) than intervention (21.63±6.87 IU/l, P<0.0001), ALT level was not significantly different between the two groups (32.72±5.59 IU/l and 32.01±7.89 IU/l respectively, P=0.5). Conclusion: UDCA can be an effective drug to manage VPA-induced fluctuations of hepatic enzymes in children with recurrent epileptic seizures.
Alagebrium Mitigates Metabolic Insults in High Carbohydrate and High Fat Diet Fed Wistar Rats
Authors: Hassan Seba , Abdelrahman Moustafa Ali , Kabil Soad Lotfy , Mahmoud Nevertyty M
Published: April 2020

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by sustained hyperglycemia that triggers advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generation. Alagebrium (ALA) is an advanced glycation end products (AGEs) cross-links breaker.Methods: 32 Wistar rats were divided into normal control (NC) group (8 rats) and MS groups (24 rats) received a high carbohydrate high fat diet (HCFD) for 10 weeks. Rats with established MS were equally divided into 3 subgroups remained on HCFD for further 6 weeks: MS control (MSC), ALA treated received 10 mg/kg/day ALA orally and metformin treated (MF) (a reference drug) received 50 mg/kg/day MF orally. The studied parameters were systolic blood pressure (SBP), body and liver weights (BW, LW), LW/BW% ratio, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, lipid profile, liver enzymes, serum AGEs, hepatic Interleukin-17 (IL-17), adipokines, pAkt/Akt ratio, and liver histopathology.Results: HCFD elevated SBP, BW, LW and LW/BW% ratio, FBG, serum insulin, and AGEs. It also deteriorated lipid profile and liver enzymes, induced inflammation, insulin resistance and histopathological derangements. ALA ameliorated the elevated SBP, FBG, lipid profile, liver enzymes, mitigated insulin resistance, hepatic IL-17, serum AGEs, modulated adipokines levels and improved liver histopathology. However, MF had better effects than ALA in all studied parameters except AGEs.Conclusion: ALA is protective against dietary-induced MS via ameliorating the inflammatory process and serum AGEs that implicated in MS pathogenesis, which makes it a promising new tool in MS treatment.
Validating a research professionalism model for faculty members at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: partial least squares structural equations modeling
Authors: Sabouri Monireh , Talebi Behnam , Daneshvar Harris Zarrin , Alizadeh Mahasti
Published: April 2020

Background: All researchers who carry out scientific research should consider the observance of research professionalism, which is indispensable. This study was carried out to validate a research professionalism model for faculty members at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.Methods: The research methods used in this study were applied in terms of the research purpose and survey for data collection. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, of whom 16 individuals were selected through purposeful sampling for the qualitative section and 260 were selected through stratified random sampling for the quantitative section. Data gathering tools included interviews and questionnaires. Cronbach’s alpha and content validity were used to determine the reliability and validity of the measurement tools. The grounded theory method was used to analyze the qualitative data, and structural equation modeling (PLS) was used for the quantitative data. Results: Research ethics model based on causal conditions, contextual and interventional factors, strategies, developing consequences and results of a first order factor analysis showed that the measurement models possessed composite reliability, divergent validity and convergent validity. The results of a second order factor analysis showed that structural models possessed an average or above coefficient of determination R² as well as an above-average Q2 prediction criterion. T values were significant (P>0.05). Goodness of fit (GOF) was 41 (not significant). Conclusion: The designed model shows both reliability and validity and an acceptable goodness of fit. Given the multidimensional nature of research professionalism, its promotion requires a systematic look at the foreground, concurrent events, consequences, and feedback on each dimension and related structures.
DESIGNING AND ORGANISING STEM EDUCATION LEARNING ACTIVITIES FOR STUDENTS BASED ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL TOPIC IN THE TEXTBOOK ‘ENGLISH 10’
Authors: Tú Phùng Thị Thanh , Huyền Phạm Thị Thanh
Published: April 2020

Hiện nay nhiều trường học ở Việt Nam triển khai hoạt động giáo dục STEM và đã mang lại nhiều hiệu quả. Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào việc thiết kế và tổ chức các hoạt động giáo dục STEM lồng ghép với hoạt động giảng dạy tiếng Anh lớp 10 với chủ đề môi trường. Qua đó, người học có một môi trường luyện tập tiếng Anh để cải thiện các kỹ năng ngôn ngữ và nâng cao các kỹ năng cần thiết cho thế kỷ 21. Đối tượng nghiên cứu gồm 15 học sinh lớp 10 và 03 giáo viên tiếng Anh trường THPT Lương Ngọc Quyến. Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp định tính trong nghiên cứu hành động bao gồm khảo sát và phỏng vấn để thu thập dữ liệu. Sau khi thiết kế và tổ chức các hoạt động STEM lồng ghép với hoạt động giảng dạy tiếng Anh 10 với chủ đề môi trường, phản hồi của học sinh và giáo viên về việc thiết kế và tổ chức các hoạt động được thu thập. Dựa trên những phản hồi này, tác giả đưa ra những gợi ý nhằm cải thiện chất lượng thiết kế và tổ chức các hoạt động giáo dục STEM trong lớp học tiếng Anh từ đó nâng cao phương pháp dạy và học tiếng Anh cho cả thầy và trò.
Presenteizm ve İş Tatmini Arasındaki İlişki: Turizm Sektöründe Bir Araştırma
Authors: YÜCEL Esin
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı konaklama
işletmesi çalışanlarının demografik özelliklerinin presenteizm düzeyleri
üzerinde farklılığa sebep olup olmadığını ve presenteizmin iş tatmini ve alt
bileşenleri üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini Antalya
faaliyet gösteren beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinin çalışanları oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmada, çalışanların bireysel özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik sorular
ile presenteizm ölçeği ve iş tatmini ölçeği olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşan
anket formu kullanılmıştır. 426 anket üzerinden yapılan değerlendirmeler için
yüzde ve frekans analizi, t testi, Anova testi, korelâsyon analizi ile tek
değişkenli regresyon analizinden faydalanılmış, elde edilen bulgular alan
yazını ışığında yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda cinsiyet ve medeni durumun presenteizm
düzeyi üzerinde belirleyici olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca presenteizmin çalışanların
genel, içsel ve dışsal iş tatmin düzeyleri üzerinde farklı düzeylerde etkisi
olduğu belirlenmiştir.
IDOSOS VÍTIMAS DE ABUSO SEXUAL: ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO FORENSE
Authors: Pires Nascimento Fihama , Arruda Barbosa Lindemberg , Clemente dos Santos Renata , de Castro Marcolino Emanuella
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura a atuação do enfermeiro forense a idosos vítimas de violência sexual. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica da literatura, apresentando caráter descritivo e documental, consultado na plataforma Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), na base de dados Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo), bem como nos sites da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem Forense (ABEFORENSE) e do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN). Inicialmente foram encontrados 143 artigos e após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão permaneceram 4 estudos que responderam aos objetivos da pesquisa, nos sites oficiais foram encontrados 2 documentos, totalizando assim, 6 manuscritos para a composição da amostra da presente revisão. RESULTADOS: Dentre as violências sofridas por idosos, o abuso sexual mostra-se presente, sobretudo esses crimes na sua grande maioria, são efetuados por indivíduo do convívio social da vítima, deixando sequelas físicas e psicológicas alarmantes, no qual a atuação da enfermagem forense se inicia na detecção da violência seguida de intervenções de acordo com a lei jurídica brasileira, de modo que age coletando provas do crime, preservando vestígios e oferecendo cuidados legais. CONCLUSÃO: A presença do enfermeiro forense é de extrema importância a fim de oferecer recursos de assistência aos idosos vítimas de abuso sexual contribuindo para resolução do delito.

Palavras chave: Abuso Sexual; Enfermagem Forense; Idosos; Maus-tratos ao idoso; Violência.
ESTUDO DA CARDIOTOXICIDADE INDUZIDA PELO TRASTUZUMAB NA TERAPIA DO CÂNCER DE MAMA HER2 POSITIVO
Authors: Isaac Alves de Andrade José , Pinheiro Fernandes Daniel , Yanne Gomes Ferreira Ingrid , Rodrigues de Abrantes Letícia , Rocha Silva Danielle
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Analisar a cardiotoxicidade induzido pelo trastuzumab na terapia do câncer de mama HER2 positivo, a partir da literatura disponível. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica na qual foram utilizadas as bases de dado PubMed, SciELO e LILACS com os seguintes descritores: Trastuzumab, Cardiotoxicidade e Neoplasias da Mama. Foram utilizados os critérios de inclusão: texto completo e disponível, período de publicação compreendido entre 2014 a 2019 e nos idiomas inglês e português. Considerando os 40 artigos encontrados, 9 atendiam aos objetivos do estudo. RESULTADOS: A pesquisa evidenciou que embora o trastuzumab (Herceptin®) faça parte do esquema quimioterapêutico em pacientes com câncer de mama HER2 positivo, sua utilização aumenta o risco de desencadear disfunções cardíacas. Isso ocorre, pois o fármaco bloqueia a ativação do fator de crescimento epidérmico humano (HER2) mediada pela neuregulina-1 (NRG-1), resultando na diminuição de mecanismos intracelulares responsáveis pela atividade dos cardiomiócitos. Embora existam métodos e biomarcadores para avaliação da função cardíaca, ainda não são específicos para a detecção precoce dos agravos CONCLUSÃO: Dessa forma, os efeitos cardiotóxicos do trastuzumab podem acarretar agravos cardíacos que dificultam a sua utilização na terapêutica antitumoral, representando um desafio na garantia de um melhor prognóstico. Assim, é preocupação dos oncologistas realizar intervenções clínicas mais adequadas frente a esse evento adverso, bem como desenvolver métodos que identifiquem precocemente essas alterações, como buscar avaliar biomarcadores cardíacos visando detectar antecipadamente o risco de danos cardíacos.

Palavras chave: Anticorpos Monoclonais. Receptor ErbB-2. Toxicidade.
Perbedaan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Komplikasi Kehamilan Sebelum dan Sesudah Penyuluhan di Desa Joho Kecamatan Wates Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Komariyah Siti
Published: April 2020

Komplikasi kehamilan berdampak pada ibu dan janin, pada ibu berdampak perdarahan, infeksi, kematian dan kecacatan.     Faktor  sosial, ekonomi dan budaya dapat mempengaruhi status kesehatan, reproduksi, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dan perilaku/pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester II dan III tentang komplikasi kehamilan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan di Desa Joho Kecamatan Wates Kabupaten Kediri.

     Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian praeksperimental, dengan jenis pra-pasca tes dalam satu kelompok (one-grup pra-post test design). Populasi menggunakan seluruh ibu hamil trimester II dan III berjumlah 35 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Terdapat 2 variabel yaitu dependent dan independent. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian dilakukan pengolahan data editing, coding, tabulating, scoring dan hasil penelitian dianalisa dengan wilcoxon match pairs test.

     Hasil penelitian dari 35 responden sebelum di berikan penyuluhan didapatkan sebanyak  21 responden (60%)  mempunyai pengetahuan dengan kriteria cukup. Sedangkan sesudah penyuluhan sebagian besar responden yaitu sebanyak 25 responden (71,4%) mempunyai pengetahuan dengan kriteria baik. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon Match Pair Test diperoleh hasil Z sebesar -5,181 dengan nilai signikasi sebesar 0,000 (  ≤ 0,05). H1 diterima, artinya ada perbedaan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester II dan III tentang komplikasi kehamilan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan di Desa Joho Kecamatan Wates Kabupaten Kediri.

     Hasil penelitian disimpulkan ada perbedaan pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester II dan III  tentang komplikasi kehamilan menjadi meningkat sesudah diberikan penyuluhan. Diharapkan tempat penelitian untuk memberikan informasi pada ibu hamil tentang komplikasi kehamilan. Oleh karena itu penyuluhan berperan penting dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan.
Smart Parking System Based on Rules
Authors:   E&TC department, D. Y. Patil College Of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune, INDIA., Hatte* Ms. Nikita , Khairnar Dr. D. G. ,   E&TC department, D. Y. Patil College Of Engineering Akurdi,Pune,INDIA., Kalyanshetti Mr. M.R. ,   Mechanical Department, Zeal College of Engineering & Researh,Pune, INDIA.
Published: April 2020

The intelligent town idea plays a significant part in today's technological term. Consequently, the worry about parking in an urban area has become imminent. The parking problem can become a great chance presented by present trends to satisfy the world's linked continuum. This article focuses primarily on the smart car parking system idea. This system of parking offers 6 slots. But up to n amount of slot can be extended. The proprietor is assigned to each individual slot. And in the allocated scheme, the proprietor must park the car, but when a remote slot is assigned, i.e. slot 9, 10 makes the system uncomfortable to use for a brief stay. Therefore, a rule-based service customization method is used and this parking scheme will record remain time for a few days and the system will therefore allocate a slot to the vehicle's proprietor. Together with the IR sensor and RFID reader, Raspberry Pi is used in this scheme and linked to the web page with integrated Wi-Fi.
Application of K-Means Algorithm to Mapping Poverty Outline by Province in India
Authors:   Associate Professor, School of Computer Science and Application, IIMT University, Meerut, UP, India., Verma Dr. Pushpendra Kumar , Dr. Preety  ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management Swami Vivekanad subharti University Meerut UP India.
Published: April 2020

India has a second largest population and seventh largest country in the world, the UN data in 2018 recorded that there were 1,368,681,134 more people scattered throughout the Indian provinces. In addition, India also has a variety of social problems, one of which is poverty. The poverty line number in Indonesia needs to be improved. Data utilization techniques become new information called data mining. One of the most popular data mining methods is clustering using the k-means algorithm. K-means can process data without being notified in advance of the class label. This study will produce three provincial groups according to very low, low and sufficient income figures. Data processing of poverty line numbers in India using the k-means algorithm to get the results of the Davies Bouldin index of 0.271. These results are considered well enough because the closer the results obtained with zeros, the better the data similarity between members of the cluster.
Optimization of PID Governor Coefficient for Turbocharged Diesel Engine
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Goa College of Engineering, Goa, India., Hirkude* Dr. Jagannath , Borkar Mrinal ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Padre Conceicao College of Engineering, Goa, India
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study is to find optimum governor coefficient for which fluctuation of engine speed is minimum, for given value of engine, turbo-charger, inlet and exhaust manifold characteristics. Current study uses the Wishnegradski Stability Diagram as suggested by V. I. Krutov [1], which graphically represents the dynamic response of governor based on the engine differential equation which is of the third order. For the load type of L = B cos (wt): The objective function is designed to minimize the integral squared error over a time period T, which is taken as 5seconds.
A Research Paper on Human Resources Planning, Process and Developing
Authors:   MBA – Taif University, Jeddah – Saudi Arabia, Alzhrani* Atyeh Mohammed
Published: April 2020

The present work addresses in a clear and simple way, the management of human resources in service organizations where staff is relevant to the achievement of policies, goals and objectives. they provide the creative and productive spark and are essential for organizational success. The paper is related to career development and the stages of a career program. It reflects on the evolution of the individual's work over time, emphasizing the stages: exploration (attempt of new roles), establishment, maintenance and descent, demarcating activities by stages of development, their relationship with the chronological age of the individual and the relative level of participation and influence, associated with each stage.
Determinant Factors Audit Delay: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors:   is doctoral student in economics at Jambi university, Jambi, Indonesia, Yuliusman  , Putra* Wirmie Eka ,   is a lecture in the faculty of economics and business at Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia,, Gowon Muhammad ,   is a lecture in the faculty of economics and business at Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia, Dahmiri  ,   is a lecture in the faculty of economics and business at Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia, Isnaeni Nurida ,   is a lecture in the faculty of economics and business at Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia
Published: April 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, solvability, company size, audit opinion, and size of a public accounting firm on audit delay. The population in this study are transportation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013 - 2017. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, which is to select samples based on certain criteria in accordance with what is desired by the researcher. The number of samples used in this study were 21 companies with observations for five years so that there were 105 observational data selected. The data used are secondary data in the form of the company's annual financial statements obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data analysis techniques in this study are descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The software used for data processing is SPSS version 22 for Windows. The results of hypothesis testing show the results that simultaneously or partially, profitability, solvability, company size, audit opinion, and size of a public accounting firm influence audit delay.
EFFECT OF BORON AND ETHEPHON IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT
Authors: & Hashim Al-Naqeeb
Published: April 2020

The experiment was carried out at the farm of field of Crops Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study the effect of boron elements and ethephon on some growth characteristics and the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The boron spray with three concentrations (50, 75 and 100) mg B.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without boron) as a main plots, and the second factor was soaking of wheat seed with concentrations level of ethephon (1500, 2500 and 3500) mg.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without soaking) as a sub plots. The results of showed that 100 mg B.L-1 gave highest means for plant height (108.81 and 115.53) cm, crop growth rate (32.80 and 35.30) gm.m-2. day-1, number of grains per spike (47.44 and 48.58) grain.spike-1, weight of 1000 grain (42.04 and 41.37) gm, grain yield (4.76 and 5.01)m ton.ha-1, biological yield (12.15 and 12.57) ton.ha-1, harvest index (39.19 and 39.89)%. In addition, the results showed that soak wheat seed with 3500 mg.L-1 caused significant decrease in height plant (93.98 and 101.66) cm and this treatment (3500 mg.L-1) gave highest means for number of tillers (505.29 and 519.06) tiller.m-2, crop growth rate (33.44 and 35.78) gm.m-2. day-1, number of spikes (384.61 and 415.55) spike.m-2, number of grains per spike (46.37 and 47.21) grain.spike-1, grain yield (4.67 and 4.85) ton.ha-1, biological yield (11.96 and 12.55) ton.ha-1 and harvest index (39.01 and 38.61)% for both seasons, respectively. The interaction between 100 mg B.L-1 and 3500 mg.L-1 ethephon gave highest mean for crop growth rate (35.76 and 38.83) gm.m-2. day-1 for both seasons, respectively.
EFFECT OF DRIP IRRIGATION AND SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF CORN
Authors: & et al. Abdul-Razak
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Field Crops Sciences Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2013وto investigate the effect of Irrigation method {Drip Irrigation (DI) and subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI)} and system operational pressure on yield and yield' components and on water use efficiency (WUE) of corn (Zea mays L.) Var. Buhoth 5018. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication. The system operational pressure (P) of 3 levels ( 30,50, and 70 kpa) were used as main plots called as P1 , P2 and P3 respectively, and Irrigation methods (DI and SDI) were used as sub plots. Data showed that the use of SDI resulted in a highest yield rate per unit area (8.88m ton.ha-1) with 2.3% comparing with surface drip Irrigation (DI), It's also caused a significant increase in number of studied traits such as; soil volumetric moisture content by2%, ear length by 11.4%, ear high 7.9%, number of seeds per row by 11.7%, and wt. of 100 seeds by 3.5%. However, data showed a significant increase caused by rising the system Operational  pressure (P) on yield, as highest (P3) increase yield by 6.5% in comparison with 30 kpa, and on all of the following measured characteristics such as volumetric moisture content by 5.5%, water uniformity distribution 2.5%( reaching 97.62%), Ear length by 11.7%, Ear high by 41.6%, number of seed rows by 17.2%, number of seeds per row by 123.4%, and wt. of 100 seeds by 19.3%. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) was improved by 2.2% by using the SDI with 70 kpa by 6.8%, concluding that using SDI with 70Kpa in a system pipe lines pleased at 0.20m below soil surface can be recommended in corn fields at central
GENERATION MEAN ANALYSIS FOR ESTIMATION SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR YILD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN FOURE MAIZE CROSSES.
Authors: Hadi B. H.
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the field of Field Crop .Dept., College of Agric\Univ.of Baghdad. spring and fall seasons of 2009, 2010 , spring of 2011 and fall of 2013 in order to know the relative magnitude of the genetic variation component and interactions forms of epistasis using Generation Means Analysis  of maize (Zea mays L.) . Six generations P1 , P2 , F1 , F2, BC1 and BC2 for four crosses (FI01301 Rustico), (AntignaoHi39× Nostred ) , (Lo1391 ×Rustico) and ( Rusticocangini× Rustico) were  evaluated by using randomized complete block design( RCBD) with four replications for grain yield and its components. The results showed significant differences between the generations of the four crosses. The first generation superiority and gave the highest mean for each of the traits of four crosses. The highest hybrid vigor and heterosis percent to  for unit area  grain yield (ton\ha) 121.8% and 126.92% for cross( FI01301 ×Rustico ). Most of the genetic effects  (d additive , dominance h , additive  × additive  i , additive × dominance j and dominance × dominance l) were significant for all crosses . This revealed  the importance of the dominance, additive and epistasis effects as genetic actions   controlled  in yield  inheritance and its components in maize. But the dominance variation was more important than the additive variation in the ear length  ,grain weighte and yield unit area, disagreement signal indicate the existence of an act of the dominance h and dominance× dominance  l of most studied traits duplicate epistasis. Supplementary superiority also appeared to Epistasis complementary of crosses (FI01301×Rustico) and (AntignaoHi39×Nostred) and grain weight in cross (Lo1391 ×Rustico ). It can be conclude that the additive and  non-additive gene action control the in heritable yield and its component . It is recommend using the method of reciprocal  recurrent selection(RRS) to improve yield and its components .
EFFECT OF PARTIALLY ACIDULATED ROCK PHOSPHATE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE IN A CALCAREOUS SOIL COMPARED WITH SOME TRADITIONAL PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS
Authors: & Al-Hadethi Al-Kubissi
Published: April 2020

Two experiments were conducted to study the impact of adding partial acidulated rock phosphate in comparison with traditional phosphate fertilizers. First experiment was conducted to study Kinetics of P release from partially acidulated pock phosphate (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70%) or from TSP and SSP at 80 kg P ha-1. The results showed that the release of phosphorous from acidified rock phosphate was characterized by 1st  order kinetics with high (R2) and lowest SEe. TSP gave the highest quantity of soluble phosphate in aliquot compared to SSP. The 2nd experiment was a field one aimed to study the effect of partial acidulated rock phosphate on growth and yield of maize compared in comparison to TSP and SSP. The results showed that partially acidulated RP at 70% level was superior for all parameters of growth and yield of maize over all other treatments. The 70% partially acidulated gave the highest, plant dry matter, seed weight for individual plant, total plant seed yield, which was in value of, 332.20 gm.plant-1, 181.5 gm.plant-1 and 13.625 Mg.ha-1 respectively, but with no significant differences than 60%.therfore , 60% acidulation can be recommended under used  management practices.
MEASURING VIBRATION AT TRACTOR PLATFORM , STEERING WHEEL AND SEAT EFFECTIVE AMPLITUDE TRANSMISSIBILITY FACTOR DURING OPERATION TILLAGE
Authors: Al-Mafrachi A. A. H.
Published: April 2020

Field experiment conducted to measure vibrations on three axes longitudinal X, lateral Y and vertical Z on steering wheel, platform tractor and vertical vibration in seat tractor and seat effective amplitude transmissibility (SEAT) factor during operation tillage in silt clay loam soil with depth 18 cm in Baghdad. Split – split plot design under randomized complete block design with three replications least significant design 5 % used. Three factor were used in this experiment included two types of plows included chisel and disc plows which represented main plot, three tires inflation pressure was second factor included 1.1 ,1.8 and 2.7 bar, and three forward speeds of the tillage was third factor included 2.35 , 4.25 and 6.50 km/hr. Results showed disc plow recorded higher vibration values for three axes X,Y and Z on platform, steering wheel and vertical vibration seat tractor. No significant effect between chisel and disc plows in (SEAT) Factor. Tier pressure 2.7 bar recorded higher vibration values in all measurements. Speed tractor 6.50 km/hr recorded higher vibration values in all measurements. Vibration values increasing when increasing tiers inflation pressure and tractor speed. All interaction among treatments significant. Level of vibration in these experiment a cross legislated permissible vibration exposure limits in the world except  the vibration transmitted to steering wheel and tractor seat during tillage under 1.1 bar and tractor speed 2.35 km/hr.
Diversas áreas de atuação para a pedagogia
Authors: Moraes Filho Iel Marciano de , Arantes Aline Aparecida , Santos Osmar Pereira dos , Pereira Mayara Cândida , Carvalho Filha Francidalma Soares Sousa , Nascimento Franc-Lane Sousa Carvalho do
Published: April 2020

Considerando-se, ainda, os vínculos entre educação e economia, as mudanças recentes no capitalismo internacional colocam novas questões para a Pedagogia, nesse cenário, a tarefa do pedagogo também se modifica e sua profissão se torna estratégica. Ao contrário de outras áreas que perdem seu espaço ou são limitadas pela especialização, para o pedagogo abre-se um raio de atuação cada vez maior.
Humanização em unidade de terapia intensiva na percepção dos profissionais da saúde
Authors: Cangussu Débora Dadiani Dantas , Santos Jéssyca Fernanda da Silva , Ferreira Mariana da Cunha
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: avaliar a evolução da humanização dentro da unidade de terapia intensiva, na percepção dos profissionais de saúde nos últimos cinco anos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo investigacional, qualitativo e quantitativo, onde foi analisada a Percepção dos Profissionais da Saúde quanto à Humanização na UTI. Participaram do estudo 24 profissionais da área da saúde, sendo sete Fisioterapeutas, nove Técnicos de Enfermagem, cinco Enfermeiros e três Médicos, todos atuando na UTI. Resultados: No domínio ética, não houve alteração na satisfação na média geral. Para os médicos, houve uma variação negativa em relação a esse domínio na atualidade. No domínio ambiente, a média geral das questões abordadas indica insatisfação dos enfermeiros, porém apresenta melhora significativa para os demais profissionais. No domínio humanização houve mudança positiva entre os fisioterapeutas e os técnicos no quadrante qualitativo. No domínio relação interpessoal, manteve-se em um patamar de insatisfação de todos os profissionais. Conclusão: na percepção dos profissionais, a humanização na unidade de terapia intensiva nos últimos cinco anos até os dias atuais não teve evolução.
Review dan Analisis Degister Tank dengan fluida POME Berdasarkan API 650 Menggunakan Variable Design Point Method
Authors: Hermawan Hana , Wulandari Winda
Published: April 2020

POME merupakan produk samping dari produksi minyak kelapa sawit dengan rasio terkandung dalam kelapa sawit 58.3%. POME dapat dimanfaatkan untuk dijadikan biogas dengan teknologi pengolahan proses anaerobic menggunakan tanki berpengaduk/Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan review dan analisis digester tank dengan fluida POME berdasarkan standard American Petroleum Institute yaitu API 650: Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage menggunakan variable design point method untuk menentukan ketebalan minimum pada setiap shell tergantung pada kedalamannya, sehingga setiap shell dapat memiliki ketebalan yang berbeda sehingga dapat memperkecil volume material dan biaya.Kemudian dilakukan simulasi dengan metode elemen hingga dengan beban dari tekanan hidrostatik yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 154.88 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 5 mm dan beban dari gaya angin yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 1.31 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 0.5 mm, lalu dibandingkan dengan sifat mekanik material bahwa yield strength terjadi pada tegangan 250-395 MPa sehingga tebal shell hasil perhitungan adalah aman. Kemudian dibandingkan ketebalan minimum hasil perhitungan dengan desain konstruksi yang hasilnya adalah desain konstruksi memiliki tebal yang lebih besar dari perhitungan tebal minimum sehingga desain konstruksi yang akan dipakai adalah aman.
IMPLEMENTASI FORWARD CHAINING UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA GEJALA-GEJALA PENGGUNA NARKOBA
Authors: Ishak Gunawan , Tempola Firman , Sirajuddin Hairil Kurniadi
Published: April 2020

Narkoba adalah zat yang dapat menimbulkan pengaruh tertentu bagi mereka yang menggunakannya dengan cara memasukkan obat tersebut ke dalam tubuhnya, pengaruh tersebut berupa pembiasan, hilangnya rasa sakit rangsangan, semangat dan halusinasi  pada pemakai tertentu. Forward Chaining merupakan suatu penalaran yang dimulai dari fakta untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan (conclusion) dari fakta tersebut. Forward chaining bisa dikatakan sebagai strategi inference yang bermula dari sejumlah fakta yang diketahui. Pencarian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rules yang premisnya cocok dengan fakta yang diketahui tersebut untuk memperoleh fakta baru dan melanjutkan proses hingga goal dicapai atau hingga sudah tidak ada rules lagi yang premisnya cocok dengan fakta yang diketahui maupun fakta yang diperoleh.= 94; Multimedia = 93.6; Administrasi Perkantoran = 87.7
Should Canadian Medical Schools Implement a Widespread 3 Year Medical Curriculum?
Authors: Page Douglas , Baranchuk Adrian
Published: April 2020

Background: This paper addresses the potential costs and benefits of implementing a widespread 3 year medical curriculum across the country.Methods: We compared differences in curriculum, costs, workforce production, competency, exposure to experiences, timing of career choices, and maturity of students and physicians between 3 and 4 year programs.  We accessed this information from 5 school’s online course outlines and by performing a broad search of the literature.Results- Three and four year medical programs have very similar curricular content.  The most significant cost savings in a 3 year medical program are due to these students entering the workforce a year earlier.   A 3 year program would add more physicians to our workforce initially; however, more doctors are produced over the long term by expanding class sizes.  Test scores of graduates from 3 year programs in Canada and the US are similar to graduates from 4 year medical programs.  A shorter program could limit the exposure of students to extra curriculars and force them to make earlier career decisions; however, time spent in electives appears to be similar.Conclusions: We do not find enough compelling evidence to advocate switching all medical schools in Canada to a 3 year medical program.
The Clerkship Pediatric Rotation: Does Setting Matter?
Authors: Bollegala Natasha , Garfield Hartley , Scott Ian , Wright Bruce , Brenneis Fraser , Atenafu Eshetu , Feldman Mark E.
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTBackground: Medical student rotations in community practice settings are increasingly common within pediatric clerkship curricula yet little evidence exists to support the quality of the educational exposure. Purpose: To assess the impact of clerkship site (community setting vs. exposure to an Academic Health Sciences Center) on the following educational outcomes: 1. Clinical Performance; 2. Examination Performance; 3. Written Assignment Performance; and 4. Successful Matching to a Canadian Pediatric Residency Program.Methods: 340 medical students from the graduating classes of 2007 and 2008 at the University of Toronto, Canada were studied. Rotation performance (clinical assessment, examination mark, and written assignment mark) and acceptance into a Canadian pediatric residency program were assessed in relation to clerkship rotation site. These outcomes were assessed while controlling for the following potential confounders: 1) Pre-clerkship career preference and 2) Pre-rotation site preference as expressed by each medical student. Results: 172 medical students completed rotations that included exposure to an academic health sciences center, while 168 medical students had exclusive exposure to the community setting. Students who completed exclusively community-based pediatric rotations received slightly higher clinical evaluations (p=0.006), but not exam marks (p=0.812) nor written assignment marks (p=0.086). Students who had expressed an interest in paediatrics as a career prior to beginning their clerkship performed better during paediatric clerkship regardless of site (p= .0003) and were more likely to choose a clerkship setting that included exposure to an Academic Health Sciences Center (p=.052). Clerkship setting was not found to impact on successful matching to a Canadian pediatric residency program (p=0.171).Discussion: These results help support the decision of curriculum committees to incorporate the use of community practice settings and inform students and faculty as to the validity of distributed medical education within the field of pediatric medical education.
IGME MSc and PhD in Medical Education
Authors: Violato Claudio
Published: April 2020

IGME MSc and PhD in Medical Education
The Canadian International Medical Graduate Bottleneck: A New Problem for New Doctors
Authors: Watts Evan , Davies Joel , Metcalfe David
Published: April 2020

Background: A growing population of Canadian students are travelling outside of Canada for medical training. The purpose of this study is to assess the opportunity for Canadians studying medicine abroad (CSAs) to secure post-graduate medical residency positions as International medical graduates (IMGs) in Canada.Methods: Current statistics on IMG applicants into the Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) will be compared to the number of CSAs applying to return to Canada.Results: In 2010, 75% (1232) of IMG applicants were unmatched following application to CaRMS, despite a doubling in positions reserved for IMGs from 2003. An estimated 3750 CSAs are currently attending over 55 medical schools globally; a six-fold increase since first reports in 2006. Between 2012 and 2014, it is estimated that 72.8% of CSAs will graduate, with 90.4% hoping to return to Canada for post-graduate residency training.  Discussion: The increasing population of CSAs poses a significant risk for future IMGs attempting to secure postgraduate training positions in Canada. From this perspective, we have coined the term ‘Canadian IMG Bottleneck’ – which describes the funnelling effect that has been created by the growing number of CSAs and the limited number of IMG residency positions available in Canada.
A Comparison Study of Communication Skills between General Surgery and General Practice Residents on First-time Patient Visits
Authors: Al Ansari Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Background: There is little published research about differences in doctor-patient communication of different specialties. Accordingly, we compared doctor-patient communication skills in two different specialties, general surgery (GS) and general practice (GP). Methods: Twenty residents training at the Bahrain Defence Force Hospital (10 men and 10 women; mean age 28 years; 10 GS and 10 GP) participated in 200 patient first visit consultations. The consultations were video-recorded and analysed by four trained observers using the MAAS Global scale. Results: 1) Internal consistency reliability of the MAAS Global (> 0.91) and Ep2 = 0.84 for raters was high, 2) GP residents spent more time (12 minutes) than GS residents (7 minutes), in the visits, 3) There were several differences on the MAAS Global items between GP and GS residents (GS > GP, p < 0.05 on history taking, diagnosis and medical aspects; GP > GS, p < 0.05 on information giving), and 4) The present participants performed well compared to normative samples as well as to criterion-referenced cut-off scores. The general level of communication skills in both specialties, however, was ‘unsatisfactory’ and ‘doubtful’, as it is for normative samples. Conclusion: Excellent doctor-patient communication is essential but does not appear to receive the amount of attention that it deserves in practice settings. There are some differences between specialties as well as unsatisfactory communication skills for both specialties, since residents from both programs spent less time than recommended on each consultation. Our findings emphasize the need to improve the communication skills of physicians in general and for surgeons in particular.
The Bibliometric Analysis of Czech Geography in the Scopus Database
Authors: Bajerski Artur , Siwek Tadeusz
Published: April 2020

The analysis focuses on two journals: Geografie (published by the Czech Geographical Society in Czech and English) and Moravian Geographical Reports (only in English). The analysis demonstrates that the scope of both journals is only regional, due to their relatively restricted range of authors and citations: the first periodical functions mainly within Bohemia, with some overlap into other Czech regions, while the second is active primarily in Moravia, overlapping somewhat into Slovakia and Poland. Despite their status as premier Czech geographical periodicals, both journals serve mainly as conduits for the exchange of information among academics on a regional basis. Important papers presenting the results of Czech geographical research to a wide international audience are rarely featured in these journals; such research is usually published as monographs, as has been the case in the past. This paper lists the most frequently cited Czech geographers and interdisciplinary citations – especially in and from sociology and economics papers.
Spatial Patterns in the Development of Czechia’s Rural Municipalities
Authors: Bernard Josef
Published: April 2020

The paper explores spatial differences in rural community development in Czechia. Local development is operationalized through a set of statistical indicators, which form four development dimensions. The author shows that rural local development is influenced, inter alia, by the population of the community and that there are spatial clusters of communities with high and low values of development dimensions. Different development dimensions have different spatial patterns. Features concerning economic development and human capital have a high level of autocorrelation. Strong clusters of communities with high levels of these indicators occur especially around economically developed cities. Indicators of political participation and residential stability also show strong autocorrelation. On the contrary, indicators regarding the local demographic situation and the intensity of local public life exhibit only weak autocorrelation.